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THE LIBRARY 
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A 


COPIOUS AND CRITICAL 


ENGLISH -LATIN. DICTIONARY. 


BY 


WILLIAM SMITH, LL.D., 


EDITOR OF THE CLASSICAL DICTIONARIES, CURTIUS’S GREEK GRAMMAR, THE STUDENT’S HUME, THE STUDENTS 
GREECE, OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT HISTORIES, &c., &c.; 


AND 


THEOPHILUS D. HALL, M.A. 


FELLOW OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON. 


TO WHICH IS ADDED 
me DICTIONARY OF PROPER NAMES. 





NEW YORK ::: CINCINNATI *: GHICAGO 
AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY 





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PREFACH. 


Yr has been the object of the Authors of this Work to produce a more 
complete and more perfect EnGLisH-LATIN Dictionary than has 
hitherto existed ; and the long delay in its publication has been owing 
to the time and labour necessary to execute this intention. 

When the announcement of a new English-Latin Dictionary was 
first made, the extent of the labour involved in such a work was far from 
being adequately estimated. Had we anticipated that nearly fifteen years 
would have elapsed before the enterprize could be completed, we should 
probably have shrunk from the toil. Yet this has been the time 
expended upon the Work. The first announcement of this Dictionary 
was made in 1855; the completed work issues from the press in 1870. 

In order to appreciate the nature and extent of the labour under- 
taken, three things require to be kept in view. 


1. There was no existing English-Latin Dictionary, from which any 
considerable amount of help could be derived. The English-Latin 
Dictionary published under the joint names of Messrs. Riddle and 
Arnold is avowedly based upon the German work of Georges; but, 
though containing valuable matter, it is confused in arrangement, and 
in general does not indicate the different classical sources from which 
its Latin phraseology is derived. It was therefore of no use to us except 
in the way of suggestion; and, moreover, the whole of its material could, 
in most cases, be found by a simple reference to the pages of Georges, 
or, in a much more satisfactory and complete form, to those of Kraft. 

Thus the lines of the work had to be laid de novo, as much so as if 
no other Dictionary of the kind existed. An entirely new plan was 


-accoilingly adopted; a new classification of the meanings of the 


English words had to be elaborated ; and new examples and illustrations 


adduced. 


2. In order to ensure the pertinency of the examples, it was 
necessary to use special care in the verification of references. Very 
many quotations, at first sight applicable, were found on actual reference 
to the context from which they were detached to be not exactly 
in point, or, if available at all, available only by way of suggestion. 
Only those who have had similar experience can appreciate the labour 
which such a task as this entails. Not a few works, in themselves 
excellent, have yet many false references ; as, for example, the extremely 
valuable Ciceronian Lexicon of Nizolius; while even the most accurate 


are, of course, sometimes found fallible. In some cases an error of 
a2 


< PREFACE. 


this kind has been painfully tracked from one authority to another; 
and after appearing in every successive edition of Forcellini’s great 
work, has met with its correction—probably for the first time—in our 
pages. Doubtless incorrect references are to be found here also, in spite 
of the extreme care which has been exercised; and the Authors will be 
grateful to any persons who will kindly communicate such should they 
be discovered; but it is believed that they are extremely few in 
proportion to the total number. And even in the case of these, the 
student may feel assured that the verification has been actually made, 
in spite of a clerical or typographical error in recording it. 


3. The Work has grown and developed under our hands in such a 
way as to demand greatly increased time and labour. Owing chiefly to 
modifications of plan, not less than half of the book certainly—perhaps, 
it may safely be said, two-thirds—has been executed thrice over. It is 
hoped that in the improvement which the work has thus undergone 
exists an ample compensation for the delay which has occurred. 
The earlier part of the book will be seen to contain fewer exact 
references than the latter. In fact, it was not until a large portion of 
it had been printed, and a still larger portion prepared for the press, 
that the plan of specifying the precise place in an author where each 
example is to be found, was—from a growing sense of its advantages— 
adopted. This course involved an immense addition of labour, and was 
attended by the slight anomaly indicated; which may perhaps be 
allowed to mark the development of an enterprize more than ordinarily 
trying to patience and industry. From the very beginning, however, 
exact references had been introduced in cases where the special im- 
portance or interest of any illustration appeared to require it. 

Every article in the book is the result of original and independent 
research ; and it is not too much to say that a single column often 
represents the hard labour of several days. The progress of the work 
has been often delayed for hours by the difficulty of findimg a passage 
in a Latin author wrongly quoted, or of meeting with a suitable Latin 
equivalent for an English word. 


Some features of the plan of the Work require a brief exposition. 


1. Great pains have been taken in classifying the different senses of 
the English words, so as to enable the student readily to find what he 
wants. ‘The facilities afforded by the use of different kinds of type have 
been freely used ; and those senses of words have been brought forward 
most prominently, and treated most fully, which appeared likely to 
cause perplexity to the student, minute subdivisions of meanings being 
avoided. At the same time, the logical order has been as far as 
possible followed ; and even senses which have become obsolete have 
been noted where this appeared necessary to the proper development of 
the use of any particular word. The leading meanings of the English 
words are marked by black Roman numerals (1., U1., U., c&e.), a briet 


PREFAUVE. v 


definition being in all snch cases added in Italics. The work is 
thus to a large extent a Dictionary of the English language proper, 
as well as an English-Latin Dictionary. 


2. Where there are several Latin equivalents, these are kept quite 
distinct, and marked with black Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.). To 
distinguish synonyms, short explanations of different Latin words are 
added in brackets. Each meaning is illustrated by examples trom the 
classical writers, and those phrases are as a general rule given in both 
English and Latin. This Work—it must be borne in mind—is not 
a Latin-English, but an English-Latin Dictionary. Moreover, it is one 
professing to deal not only with English words considered by themselves, 
but with those words as occurring in their most frequent combinations 
with other words, and especially in characteristic and idiomatic phrases. 
The English given in any case is not therefore to be regarded as a 
mere translation of the Latin example—which any one might make for 
himself—but as furnishing a specimen of such combinations. Besides 
this, the presentation of English and Latin together—even when not 
absolutely needed for phraseological purposes—was thought likely to be 
of use to the student, by giving him a firmer grasp of the meaning 
of the Latin. A mere Latin extract is often passed over by the young 
student. The vehicle is foreign; and the extra time consumed in reading 
it, and, what is quite another matter, in bringing home to the mind 
a clear impression of its force, is a consideration not to be overlooked. 

Further, and to this point the Authors attach great impor- 
tance, the course adopted appeared to furnish a test of the per- 
tinency of the illustrations, of the most decisive and even crucial nature. 
If the Latin equivalent in any given example could without harshness 
be translated by the English word under treatment, conclusive proof 
was thus afforded that the correspondence between the two was real and 
not merely apparent; and the laying of both together before the 
student seemed to be the plan best calculated to give him the fullest 
satisfaction on the point. 


8. The Vocabulary of English words treated is for the most part 
limited to words in actual use or occurring in authors generally read. 
Should the student require the Latin equivalent of an obsolete English 
word, his obvious course will be to look under its current modern 
equivalent. Very many of the unnecessary Latinisms which crowd the 
columns of Webster and Richardson are omitted altogether. On the 
other hand, the student will find here many derived forms—especially 
the participial adjectives—which are not to be met with in any similar 
work, ‘Technical terms of Art, Science and Theology have been given 
when such appeared to possess that kind of general interest which brings 
them within the range of all persons of culture, apart from their own 
special field. In representing theological terms, the language of 
theologians has been adopted. ‘Che nomenclature of Christian Theology 
—Catholic and Protestant—is itself mainly Latin; and must often be 


vi PREFACE. 


used apart from all questions of elegance or classicality. To write 
a treatise on the Sacraments in words known only to Cicero would be 
as absurd as for an English author to attempt to describe a railway or 
a steam-engine in the phraseology of Shakspeare and Bacon. So on 
the principle—artifici in sua arte eredendum—the authority of the 
Scriptores rei rusticae has been chiefly appealed to in matters relating to 
farming, gardening, and the management of stock ; that of Priscian and 
the authors embraced in the copious collection of Putschius, in matters 
grammatical and verbal ; that of the Scriptores gromatici, in the case of 
some terms relating to geometry and mensuration; and that of Pliny 
the Elder, for the miscellaneous vocabulary of the natural sciences. In 
the case of words for which there neither is nor can be any classical 
equivalent, recourse has been freely had to more modern sources. Such 
words are marked by an asterisk. But while special terms have been 
taken from writers of various ages, in all that relates to the complexion 
of sentences involving questions of taste or style, the aim of the Authors 
has been to follow in the steps marked out by Cicero and his contem 
poraries, or the writers of what is called the Augustan age. 


4. In dealing with English words nearly synonymous, the Authors 
have carefully sought to avoid needless repetition. They have aimed 
to bring their matter in each case under its natural head; that is, 
under the English word by which the Latin equivalent in question 
is oftenest represented. When the same equivalent has to be adduced 
again under another English word, it is for the most part less fully 
treated, or the student is simply directed to another place for illus- 
trations of its use. Mere cross references have, however, been avoided 
as far as possible; and pains have been taken to present under every 
article enough to be of service to the student, who may perhaps lack 
time for a prolonged consultation. Nothing is more vexatious than 
to be sent unprofited from article to article; on the other hand, no 
reasonable person will complain if, at times, his first consultation 1s 
rewarded by only an instalment of the information of which he is in 
quest, when a little further search will discover all he wants. 


It is difficult in a work of this kind to express properly the obliga- 
tions under which the Authors lie to previous labourers. But in the 
foremost rank, mention must be made of the German-Latin Lexicon of 
Kraft, which has been consulted throughout, and drawn upon for very 
many illustrations which might not have been otherwise arrived at. 
The briefer and inferior work of Georges supplies little that is not to 
be found in its predecessor. ‘The French-Latin Dictionary of Quicherat 
furnishes perhaps a more extensive vocabulary than either, and has 
often been found extremely useful in the conversion of rarer and more 
technical words; the only drawback to its utility being the entire absence 
of precise references. ‘I'he work of Riddle and Arnold, to which allusion 
has already been made, has also been consulted; and some examples 
and suggestions have been derived from it. ‘These, however, when 


PREFACE. vil 


appearing to be the original property of the work in question, are 
acknowledged, in loco, thus [R. and A.]. In most cases however they are 
derived from Georges. The excellent treatise of Nigelsbach (Die Latei- 
nische Stilistik) has furnished some valuable hints for the conversion 
of various modes of speech in which German and English alike differ 
from Latin; also of some words partaking in an especial manner of 
the complexion of modern thought. ‘The synonym books of Habicht 
and Déderlein have also been carefully consulted. To express indebted- 
ness to the great work of Forcellini—the German edition of which has 
been chiefly used—is almost superfluous; while the indispensable 
Lexicon of Nizolius (before referred to), the ‘ Lexicon Quintilianeum * of 
Bonnell, the ‘Lexicon Taciteum’ of Bétticher, and the copious indexes 
to almost all classical authors of any importance to be found in the 
great standard Editions, have furnished aids without which our labour 
would have often been multiplied many fold. For scientific words we have 
derived valuable assistance from Mayne’s ‘Expository Lexicon of the 
Terms, Ancient and Modern, in Medical and General Science,’ London, 
1860. On lexical and grammatical points frequent reference is made to 
Dr. Smith’s Latin-English Dictionary, and to the Student's Latin 
Grammar by the authors of the present Work. 


It remains to notice the assistance which the Authors have received, 
and the part which they themselves have taken inthe preparation of the 
Dictionary. It was projected by Dr. Smith, and upon him has mainly 
devolved the editorship and general superintendence ot the work, m 
addition to the composition of various portions. He was originally 
associated in his labours with Mr. Robson, who had rendered valu- 
able aid in the preparation of the Latin-English Dictionary. Mr. Robson 
devoted two years exclusively to making preparations for the work, 
taking as his basis Webster's quarto Dictionary, supplemented by other 
standard Dictionaries, and assigning from the best sources the ordinary 
Latin equivalent for each word and every meaning of each word. 
Having completed this laborious task, Mr. Robson proceeded to draw 
up the separate articles in detail, and had reached as far as nearly the 
end of C, when other engagements compelled him to resign his share in 
the undertaking Dr. Smith then obtained the assistance of Mr. Hall, 
whose name now appears on the title-page along with his own. Mr 
Hall originally entered on the work as a contributor; and as such has 
completed more than one half of the entire book—from the beginning 
of D to nearly the end of P, besides other detached portions. But pro- 
longed association with Dr. Smith in the undertaking led naturally to 
a participation in the care and responsibility of the work as a whole. 
Notwithstanding the unremitting exertions of Dr. Smith and Mr. Hall, 
it was found necessary to call in further assistance in order to finish 
the Work in any reasonable time. Accordingly the Authors have to 
acknowledge their obligations to the following scholars : Mr. F. Millard, 
M.A., of the International College, London, and of Queen's College, 
Oxford, who has executed under their superintendence portions of R 


vill PREFACE. 


and S, and the greater part of T; to Mr. Philip Smith, B.A., who contri- 
buted the articles from “Pull” to the end of Q; and to Mr. C. A. F. 
Fennell, M.A., Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge; Rev. C. E. Graves, 
M.A., Classical Lecturer and late Fellow of St. John’s College, Cam- 
bridge; Rev. W. C. Green, M.A., late Fellow of King’s College, and 
Classical Lecturer, Queen’s College, Cambridge; Rey. H. W. Phillott, 
M.A., Rector of Staunton-on-Wye, and late Student of Christ Church, 
Oxford ; Mr. E. B. Rand, B.A., late Student of Caius College, Cambridge ; 
and Mr. Evelyn 8S. Shuckburgh, M.A., Fellow of Emmanuel College, 
Cambridge; for very valuable aid in preparing the later letters of the 
Alphabet. But strenuous exertions have been made by the Authors to 
secure the homogeneity of the work, and it is hoped that the student 
will in no part seriously miss that unity of treatment which is so essen- 
tial to the utility of a work of this nature. 


In conclusion, the Authors would commend the fruit of their long 
labour to the candid and favourable consideration of English scholars 
and students. It is inevitable that a work of such magnitude should 
have not a few blemishes and imperfections; but they nevertheless 
trust that it will be received as supplying, in a manner not altogether 
unworthy, a long and deeply felt want in our English schools and 
colleges. 


January 1st, 1870. 


































ABBREVIATIONS 


OF THE 


NAMES OF AUTHORS AND OF THE TITLES OF 











THEIR WORKS.* 


Aem. Mac. Aemilius Macer, poet, obiit B.C. 16 | Capitol. Julius Capitolinus, biographer, 
Afran. Lucius Afranius, writer of about fi, A.D, 293 
comedy, flor. » 694 | Cass. Hem. L. Cassius Hemina, hist. a B.C. 140 
Aggen. Aggenus Urbicus, writer on hus- | Casstod. M. A. Cassiodorus, hist. ob. A.D. 562 
bandry, circa A.D. 4th cent. | Cato M. Porcius Cato, orutor and 
_ Albin. C. Pedo Albinovanus, poet, Sete: DS 8 hist. » Boras 
Alcim. Alcimus Avitus, Christian » K.R., De Re rustica. 
writer, ” » 360 Cat. C. Valerius C : 
, . Valerius Catullus, poet, 5 
Alfer. P. Alfenus Varus, lawyer, id BC. 22 Cela. A. Cornelius Celsus Pai cictins . 8 
Amn. ‘Ammianus Marcellinus, hist., ,, A.D. 380 } ; ae perk. AD 
Ampel L. Ampelius, hist. . about » 30° | Censor. Censorinus, chronvlogist, s » «£38 
Apic. Apicius Coelius, writer on Charis. Flavius Sosipater Charisius, 
cookery (date of work un- grammarian, 4 ae 
known). ; ‘ Cic. M. Tullius Cicero, orator and 
Apul., Appul. App. Lucius Apuleius, philosopher,  ,, » 150 philosopher, ob. B.C. 43 
(Ed. Delph.). ,, Acad., Academicae Quaestiones. 
s 1., Apol ,or De : », Aem. Scaur., Oratio pro Aemilio Scauro (Frag.). 
a lor., F et 2 OS » Agr., Orationes de lege Agraria. 
i, Met. or M., Metamorphoses. » Am., de Amicitia, or Laelius. 
» ‘Trism., Trismegistus. » Arat., transl. of Aratus. 
“ » Arch., Oratio pro Archia. 
Apul., etc. L. Apuleius Barbarus, bota- pe Be Epistolae ad SE. 
fs aD » Balb., Oratio pro L. Corn. Balbo. 
nical writer, about , =» 350] ” Brut! Brutus, seu de Claris Oratoribus. 
» Herb., Herbarium. » ad Br. Epistulae ad Brutum. 
, . , Caecin., Orati ‘aecina. 
Arn., Arnob. Arnobius Afer, Chr writer, a » 297 Ee aes Ooatinias Labbe tien 
Ascon. Q. Asconius Pedianus, gram- »» Clod. et Cur., Oratio in Clodium et Curionem (Frag.) 
: » Cl. or Clu., Oratio pro Cluentio. 
MULTUAN, : ” » 40 ,, Coel., Oratio pro M. Coelio. 
Asin. C. Asinius Pollio, orator and » Deiot., Uratio pro Rege Deiotaro. 
hist b. » Div., De Divinatione. A 
: : ° » 4 " Div. in Caecil. or Div. Verr., Divinatie in Caeciliam. 
Att. or Acc. L. Attius ov Accius, writer of 5 Dos, Nae 
. , Fam., Epistolae ad Familiares. 
tragedy, : ce fii BG. 130 ” Wat, Da Fato: 
Auct. B. Afr. Auctor Belli Africani. , Fin., de Finibus. 
Auct. B. Alex. Auctor Belli Alexandrini. » Bees paced ing ter hago 
Auct. B. Hisp. Auctor Belli Hispaniensis. ” Yragm. or Fr., Fragmenta. 
: 7 b A i = » Iny., De Inventione. 
Auct. Har. resp Ds de Haruspicum respon irae ie Labs 
sis (a speech usu. attributed ,, Lig., Oratio pro Ligario. 
to Cicero). » Man. ee Manil., Oratio nies Manilia. 
» M +, Orati M 5 
Auct. pro Dom. Auctor pro Domo sua (a speech “a Mil., Oratio pro Milone. ; 
usu. attributed to Cicero). », Mur., Oratio pro L. Murena 
Auct. Her. Auctor ad Herennium, rhet. PEATE Onin ant 
Auct. Pervig. Ven. Auctor Pervigilii Veneris. » Opt. Genes poopie Genere Oratorum. 
. Be ° » Or., Orator, . Brutum. 
Aug. Aurelius Augustinus, Chris- ye Or De Oratare: 
tian writer, ob. A.D. 430| ,, Par., Paradoxa. 
Civ. D., de Civi + ,. Part. Or., Partitiones Oratoriae. 
» Ciy. D., de Civitate Dei. |, Phil. Orationes Philippicae. 
2 » Pis., Oratio in Pisonem. 
August. Caesar Octavianus Augustus, _,, » 14| " Plane. or PL, Oratio pro Plancio. _ 
Aur. Vict. Sextus Aurelius Victor, hist. fi. » 358| » Hae Sige carts sien oomariis 
< " sa00 | » uint., Oratio pro P. Quinto. 
Aus. D. Magnus Ausonius, poet, " By bts) ergs Epistolae ad Q. Fratrem. e 
» Ecl., Eclogarium. ., Rab, Perd. or C. Rab., Oratio pro Rabiriv perduellionis reo. 
» Ep., Epistolae. ,», Rab. Post., Oratio pro Rabirio Postumo. i 
» Epigr., Epigrammata. .. Rose. Am. or R. Am., Oratio pro Roscio Amerino. 
» Epit., Epitaphia. * Rose. Com. or R. Com., Oratio pro Roscio Comoedo. 
» Grat. Act., Gratiarum Actio. » Rep., De Republica. 
» Idyll, Idyllia, or Edyllia. "De Sen. or Sen., De Senectute, or Cato Major. 
» Parent., Parentalia. . Sest. or Sext., Oratio pro Sestio (Sextio) 
» Per., Periochae. » Sull., Oratio pro Sulla. 
» Prof., Professores » Top., Topica. 
» Sap., Sapientes. ti cae pro M. iaiie Gey 
‘ : » Tuse., Disputationes Tusculanae. 
Avien R. Festus Avienus, poet, 2 Ee NO ” ‘Tim., Timaeus or De Universo. 
éth ici uy Es » Vatin., Oratio in Vatinium. . 
Boe Anicius Mani. Vorq. Severi ” Verr., Orationes in Verrem: quoted thus :—1. Div. Verr.; 2. Verr. Act. 1; 
: nus Boéthius, phil. Oba 455. $24°| 3. Verr. 2,1; 4. Verr. 2,2; 5. Verr.3; 6. Verr.4; 7. Verr. 5. 
Brut. M. Junius Brutus, oy) ) iGs 42) 
Caecil. Caecilius Statius, writer of Claud. Claudius Claudianus, poet, fi. A.D. 395 
1s comedy, A » 168 | Cvd. Codex. 
Caes. Caius Julius Caesar, hist. A » 44)» Gres. Gregorianus. | 
B. C., Bellum Civil | ,, Hermog., Hermogenianus. 
a E o Bal vile. » Just, Justinianus. 
pare ., Bellum Gallicum. | ,, Theod., Theodosianus. 
Callistr. i we 
1 Calp eng aetanlat t fl. A.1). 200 | Coel. Aurel. Coelius Aurelianus, physician, 
- g cue ae ees ae (date uncertain, but not later 
<a 4 : ” n 205 | than 3rd cent. A.D.). 
__ Cap. or Mart. Cap. Martianus Mineus Felix Ca- : ‘ 
i} : a Acut., Acutae Passiones. 
pella, encyclopaedist, about fl. » 480 Tard., Tardae Passiones, 





only approximations to the true eras of the writers. 





* The dates in this List are derived, in most cases, from Dr. Smith’s Biographical Dictionary; but they must, in many instances, be regarded as, a best 


b 


ms 

Col. IL Jul. Moderatus Columella, 
writer on husbandry, 

Arb, De Arboribus. 

Commod. Commodianus, Chr. poet, 

Coripp. Fl. Cresconius Corippus, poet 
and grammarian, 

Curt. Q. Curtius Rufus, hist. prob. 
Ist cent. A.D.; acc. to Butt- 
mann, 

Cypr. Thascius Caecilius Cyprianus, 
Chr. writer, 

Dig. Digesta, i. e. libri Pandectarum 

Diom Diomedes, grammarian, prob. 


3th cent. A.D. 
Aelius Donatus, grammarian 
and commentator, 


Donat. or Don. 


Eccl. Scriptores Ecclesiastici. 

Enn. Q. Ennius, poet, 

Eutr. Flavius Eutropius, hist. 

Fenest. L. Fenestella, Aist. 

Fest. Sext. Pompeius Festus, gram- 
marian, 4th cent, A.D. 

Firm. Julius Firmicus Maternus, 
mathematician, 

Flor. L. Annaeus Florus, hisf. 


M. Cornelius Fronto, orator, 

S. Julius Frontinus, write De 
Strategematis, de Aquaeduc- 
tibus, etc. 

Fabius Planciades Fulgentius, 
grammarian, 6th cent. A.!) 

Gaius or Caius, Jawyer, 


Fronto or Front. 
Frontin. or Front. 


Fulg. 


Gai. or Cai. 


Gall. C. Cornelius Gallus, poet, 
Gell. Aulus Gellius, gram., etc. 
Gloss. Glossarium. 


«~ Cyril., Cyrilli. 
»  Philox., Philoxem. 


Grat. Falisc. Gratius Faliscus, poet, 


Hier. Hieronymus (Jerome), Cli 
writer, 
Hirt. Aulus Hirtins, hist. 
Hor. Q. Horatius Flaccus, poet, 
” A. P., Ars Poetica. 
a Carm. Sec., Carmen Seculare. 
” Ep., Epistolae. 
“y Epod., Epodi 
o Od., Odae. 
a 8., Satirae. 
Hyg. C. Julius Hyginus, poet and 
Jabulist, 
Ast., Astronomia. 
»  F., Fabellae- 
Hyg. Hyginus Gromaticus, writer on 
surveying, 
Inser. Inscripti_nes. 
»  Don., Donii. 


»  Fabr., Fabretti 
»  G@raev., Graevii 
»  Grut., Gruteri. 


, Murat., Muratorii. 
Orell., Orelli. 
Rein., Reinesii. 


Isid. 


Isidorus Hispalensis, gram. 
»  Orig., Origines. 
Jabol. Jabolenus or Javolenus Pris- 
cus, lawyer, 
Jornand. Jornandes, hist. about 
Julian. Salvius Julianus, Jawyer, 
Just. Justinus, hist. (date unknown) 
Justin. or Just. Justinianus, emperor, 
Juv. D. Junius Juvenalis, poet, 
Laber. C. Decius Laberius, mimo- 
grapher, 
Lact. L. Coelius Lactantius Firmia- 
nus, Chr. writer, 
Lampr Aelius Lampridius, hist. about 
Leg. XI. Tab. Leges duodecim tabularum, 
Liv Titus Livius Patavinus, /ist. 


Livius Andronicus, writer of 
tragedy, 

M. Annaeus Lucanus, poet, 

C. Enunius Lucilius, satirist, 


Liv Andron. 


Lucan. 
Lucil. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


ob 


eb. 


ob. 


A.D. 


340 
Its 
150 


106 | 


636 








Lucr. T. Lucretius Carus, poet and 
philosopher, about ob. 
M. Corvin. Messala Corvinus, hist. fl. 
Macer, C. Licinius Macer, annalist 
and orator, ob. 
Macr. Aur. Theodosius Macrobius, 
critic, fl. 
» Sat. or S., Saturnalia 
» Somn, Scip., Somnium Scipionis 
Mamert. Claudius Mamertinus, pane- 
gyrist, 1 
Manil. M. Manilius, poet, - 
Mare. Aelius Marcianus, lawyer, rn 
Mare. Emp. Marcellus Empiricus, physt- 
cian, 7 
Mart. M. Valerius Martialis, poet, ob. 
Mela, Pomponius Mela, geographer, fil. 
Min. Fel. Minutius Felix, Chr. writer, i 
Modest. Herennius Modestinus, lawyer, ,, 
Naev C. Naevius, poet, ob. 
Nemes. M. Aur. Olympius Nemesia- 
nus, poet, fl. 
Nep. Cornelius Nepos, biographer, %) 
Nigid. P. Nigidins Figulus, philos. m5 
Novat. Novatianus, Chr. writer, A 
Non. Nonius Marcellus, gram. be- 
tween 2nd and 5th cent. A.D. 
Obseq Julius Obsequens, writer De 
Prodigiis. 
Ov P Ovidius Naso, poet, ob. 
A.A, Ars Amatoria 
» Am., Amores, 
» Cons., Consolatio. 
, Fast. or F., Fasti. 
» Hal., Halieuticon. 
» H., Heroides. 
» Ib., Ibis. 
» Med., Medicamina. 
,, M., Metamorphoses. 
» Nur, Nux Elegia 
,, Pont., Epistolae ex Ponto 
, R. Am., Remedia Amoris. 
» Tr., Tristia. 
Pac. or Pacuv. M. Pacuvius. writer of Tragedy, fi. 
Pacat. Latinus Pacatus  Drepanius, 
prnegyrist, a 
Pall. Palladius Rutilius Taurus, 
writer on husbandry, perh. 
about 
Papin. Aemilius Papinius, lawyer, mn 
Paul. Julius Paullus, lawyer, s 
Paul. Nol. Pontius Paulinus Nolanus, 
Chr. writer. ob. 
Paul. Vict. Paulus Victor, topographer, fl. 
Pers. A, Persius Flaccus, satirist, ob. 
Petr. 'T. Petronius Arbiter, satirist, ,, 
Phaedr. Phaedrus, fabulist, fi 


Plaut. or Pl. T. Maccius Plautus, writer of 


comedy, 


Amph. or Am., Amphitrno, 
Asin. or As., Asinaria. 
Aul., Aulularia. 
Bacch. or Bac., Bacchides. 

= Capt., Capteivei. 

- Cas., Casina. 

5 Cist., Cistellaria. 

a Cure., Curculio. 

_ Epid . Epidicus. 

oF Men., Menaechmei. 

35 Merc., Mercator. 

. Mil., Miles Gloriosus. 

S Most., Mostellariu. 

+3 Pers., Persa. 

Poen., Poenulus. 

Ps., Pseudolus. 

Rud., Rudens. 

Stich., Stichus. 

Trin., Trinumus. 

True., Truculentus 

(Ed. Tauchn.) 


©. Plinius Secundus (major) 
H.N., Naturalis Historia. (Ed. Ian,, Teubner.) 


Plin. 


Plin. C Plinius Caecilius Secundus 

(minor). 
oe Ep. Epistolae. (Ed. Gierig ) 
" Pan., Panegyricus. 

Plin. Val Plinius Valerianus, physician 
3rd century; or, acc. to 
others, 

Pompon. Sextus Pomponius, lawyer, a 


ob. 


B.C. 


A.D. 


A.D. 


230 


18 


154 


391 


350 
200 
210 


431 
39° 
62 
66 
15 


. 184 


19 


100 


500 
138 


M. Porcius Latro, rhetorician, 
Priscianus, grammarian, 
(Ed. Keil.). 
M. Valerius Probus, gram- 
marian (date uncertain). 
Sex. Aurelius Propertius, poeé, 








Prop. 


Prud. Aurel. Prudentius Clemens, 
Chr. poet. 
Ps.-Quint. Pseudo-Quintilianus; the au- 
thor (or authors) unknown. 
A Decl., Declamationes. 
Publ. Syr-. Publius Syrus, mimographer, 
Be:.Cic. Quintus Cicero, brother of 
-Tullius, 
Pet. Cousul., De Petitione Consulatus. 
Quint. M. T. Quintilianus, *heterician, 
Ruf. Sextus Rufus, hist. 
Rutil. Claudius Rutilius Numatia- 
nus, poet, 
Sali. C. Sallustius Crispus, hist. 


» C., Catilina. 
» Hist.. Historia. (Frag.) 
» J. Jugurtha. 


Salv. Salvianus, Chr. writer, 
Scaev. Q. Mucius Scaevola, lawyer, 
Serib. Scribonius Largus, physician, 
Serr. Kecl., Scriptores Ecclesiastici. 

» Gram., FS Grammatici. (Edd. Putsch 


and Lindemann.) 
Gromatici. (Ed. Goes.) 
rei rusticae. (Ed. Bipont.) 
Coelius Sedulius, Chr. poet, 
M. Annaeus Seneca, rhetor- 
tcian, 


» Gromat., ,, 
” R. K., ” 


» Contr., Controversiae. 
» Suas., Suasoriae. 


Sen. L. Annaeus Seneca, philoso- 
pher, 


» Ben., De Beneficiis. 

. Brev. Vit., De Brevitate Vitae. 

» Clem., de Clementia. 

» Cons. xd Hely., Consotativ ad Helviam. 
Cons. ad Marc., Consvlatio ad Marciam. 
» Cons. ad Poly., Consolatio ad Polybium. 
., Const., De Constantia Sapientis. 

» Ep., Epistolae. 

» Iracr Ir., de Ira. 

, Mort. Claud., De Morte Claudii Cass. 
, N.Q., Naturales Questiones. 

., Ot. Sap., De Otio Sapientis. 

» Proy., De Providentia. 

. Trangq., De Tranquillitate Anim. 

» Vit. Beat., De Vita Beata. 


L. Annaeus Seneca, writer of 
tragedy (acc. to some, iden- 
tical with the philosopher). 

» Agam., Agamemnon. 


» Herc. Fur., Hercules Furens. 
» Herc, Oet., Hercules Oetaeus. 


ea ipus. 
» Phoen., Phoenissae (or Thebais) 
» Thyest., Thyestes. 
Troad., Troades. 


Ser. Samm. Q. Serenus Sammonicus, phy- 
sician, 

Serv. Servius Maurus Honoratus, 
grammarian, 

Sev. Cornelius Severus, poet, 

Sic. Fl. Siculus Flaccus, writer on sur- 
veying, 

Sid., Sidon. Sidonius Apollinaris, Chris- 


tian writer. 


ABBREVIATIONS, é 


fl. 


” 


BC. 19 
A.D). 440 


B.C. 30 


A.D 397 


» 212 


» 395 
” Io 


» 482 


Sil. C. Silius Italicus, poet, 
Sisenn. L. Cornelius Sisenna, hist. 
i and orator, 
Sol. C. Julius Solinus, gram. 
| Spart. Aelius Spartianus, biographer, 
P. Papinius Statius, poet, 


| Stat. 


! Suet. 


| 
| 





Ach., Achilleis. 
Silv. or 8., Silvae. 
Theb. or Th., Thebais. 


C. Suetonius Tranquillus, bio- 
grapher, 
Sulp. Sulpicius Severus, Christian 
writer, 
Symm. Q. Aurelius Symmachus, ora- 
tor, ete. 
Tac. C. Cornelius Tacitus, hist. 
perh. 
» A., Annales. 


” 
” 
” 


Ter. 


Ter. 


Tert. 


Theod. Prise. 


Agr., Agricola. 

G., Germania. 

H., Historia. 

Or., De Oratoribus. 


P Terentius Aler, writer of 
comedy, 


Ad., Adelphi. 

And., Andria. 

Eun., Eunuchus. 

Heaut., Heautontimorumenos 
Hec., Hecyra. 

Ph., Phormio. 


Maur. Terentianus Maurus, gi ai. 

Q. Septimius Florens Tertul- 
lianus, Chi. writer, 

Theodorus Priscianus, physi- 
cian, 


Tib. Albius Tibullus, poet, 

Titinn. ‘Titinnius, writer of comedy, 

Treb. Poll, lrebellius Pollio, hist. 

Turp. Sextus Turpilius, writer of 
j comedy, 

Ulp. Domitius Ulpianus, lawyer, 

Val. Cato, Valerius Cato, poet, about 

Val. Fl. C. Valerius Flaccus, poet. 

Val. Max Valerius Maximus, hist. 

Varr. M. Terentius Varro, writer on 


husbundry, etc. 


» L.L., De Lingua Latina, (Ed. Miller, 1233). 
» R.RB., De Re Rustica. 

Veg. F. Renatus Vegetius, writer 
De Re Militari, 

Veg. P. Vegetius Renatus. writer 
De Re Veterinaria (his date 
is uncertain, but was long 
subsequent to that of the 
preceding author). 

Vell. C. Velleius Paterculus, hist. 

Venant. Venantins Fortunatus, (/ir 
poet, 

Ver. Flac Verrius Flaccus, gram. 

Virg. P. Virgilius Maro, poet, 

» Aen., Aeneis. 

» Cat., Catalecta. 

» Cir., Ciris. 

», Cop., Copa. 

» E., Eclogae. 

» G. Georgica. 

» Mor. or M., Moretum. 

Vitr. Vitruvius Pollio, writer on 
architecture, 

(Ed. Schneider). 

Vop. Flavius Vopiscus, hist. 

Vule. Gall Vulcatius Gallicanus, /Aisto- 
rian, about 


Vulg. 


Biblia Vulgatae Editionis. 


ob. 


fl. 


ob. 


B.C. 


A.D. 


A.D 


159 


386 


306 


OTHER ABBREVIATIONS, 


a, or act., active, -ly. 

abbrev., abbreviated, -ation. 

abl., ablative. 

absol. or abs., absolnte, -ly, ¢. e. without 
case or adjunct. 

abstr., abstract. 

acc., accusative 07 according. 

Acta Syn. Dord.. \rta Synodi Dordrecht- 
ensis. 

adj., adjective, -ly. 

adv., adverb., -ial, -ially, 07 adversus. 

Ains., Ai., Ainsworth. 

al., alii or alia, others 0 other. 

al. leg., alii legunt. 

analog., analogous, -ly. 

anat., anatomical. 

ant., antiquities. 

ap., apud (in). 

app., appy., apparently. 

appel., appellative. 

arch., archaic 

archit., archit cture, -tural. 

art., article 

Aug., Au” 

bot. or but 

Bau., Bauer. 

Blumen., Blumenbach. 

Caly. Inst., Calvin, Institutio Chr. Reli- 
gionis. 

card., cardinal. 

cf., confer (compare ) 

class., classic, -al. 

col., column. 

collat., collateral. 

collect., collective, -ly_ 

com., comic, 07 in comedy. 

comm, or c., common gender. 

comp., comparative, compound. 

compd., compound. 

conj., conjunction, or conjugation. 

constr., construed, -ction. 

contr., contracted. 

Corp. Conf., Corpus Confessionum. 

correl., correlative, -ively. 

corresp., corresponding. 

Cuy., Cuvier. 

dat., dative. 

Ducang. or DuC., the Lexicon of Ducange. 

decl., declension. 

defect., defective. 

demonstr., demonstrative. 

dep., deponent. 

dep,, depend., dependent. 

deriv., derived, -ative, -ation. 

Dict. Ant., Smith’s Antiquities. 

diff., different. 

dim., diminutive. 

disyl,, disyllable, -abic. 

distr., distributive. 

Dod. or Diderl., Déderlein’s Synonyms. 

Donaldson, Varr., Donaldson’s Varro- 
nianus. 

dub., doubtful. 

eccl., ecclesiastical. 

ed., editio. 

e. g., exempli gratia. 

ellipt., elliptical -ly. 

Eng., English. 

Epith., Epithet. 

=, equivalent to, or identical with. 

equiv., equivalent. 

Erasm. Coll., Erasmi Colloquia. 
Tauch.) 

esp., especially. 

etc., et cetera. 

etym., etymology, -ical. 

euphon., euphonic, -ny. 

ex., exx., example, examples. 

expr., express, expressed. 


on ieal. 


(Ed. 














extr., quite at the end. 

Fabr., Fabricius. 

f. or fem., feminine. 

fig., figure, -ative, -atively. 

fin. or ad fin., at or towards the end. 

finit., finite (opp. to infinitive). 

foll., following. 

fr., from. 

Forcell., Fore., Forcellini. 

Fr., French. 

fragm., frag., or fr., fragmenta. 

freq., frequentative or frequent, -ly. 

fut., future. 

gen., genitive, generally, generic,—in 
gen., in a general sense. 

geog., geography, -ical. 

Georg. or G., the Germ.-Lat. 
Georges. 

ger., gerund. 

Germ., German. 

gr. or gram., grammar, -ian, -atical. 

Gr., Greek. 

Hab., Habicht’s Synonyms. 

hist., history, -ian. 

hypoth., hypothetical. 

i. e., id est. 

i. q., idem quod. 

ib., ibidem. 

id., idem. 

imperat., imper., imperative. 

imperf., imperfect. 

impers., impersonal, -ly. 

incep., inceptive. 

indecl., indeclinable. 

indef., indefinite. 

indic., indicative. 

inf., infinitive. 

init., in or ad init., at or near the begin- 
ning. 

inscrr., inscriptions. 

interj., interjection. 

interrog., interrogative, -tion. 

intrans., intransitive. 

i. q., idem quod. 

irreg., irregular. 

1Ctus, juris consultus. 

jurid., juridical. 

Kr., Kraft’s Germ.-Lat. Lexicon. 

lang., language. 

Lat., Latin. 

L. G., Student’s Latin Grammar by Dr. 
Smith and Mr. Hall. 

1., lege on lectio. 

leg., legit, legunt, legal 

L. or Linn., Linnaeus. 

lit. literal, in a literal sense. 

1. c. or loc. cit., loco citato. 

m. ov masc., masculine. 

Madvig, Madvig’s Latin Grammar. 

math., mathematics, -ical. 

Mayne, Mayne’s Expository Lexicon. 

Med. Lat., Mediaeval Latin. 

med., medio (in the middle); ad med., 
near the middle. 

medic., medical. 

met. or metaph., metaphorical, -ly. 

meton., by metonymy. 

milit., military, in milltary affairs. 

M. L., Modern Latin. 

min., minor. 

Mosh., Mosheim. 

MS., manuscript. 

Mur. or Muret., Muretus. 

Nigels. or Niag., Stilistik of Nagelsbach. 

naut., nautical. 

n. or neut., neuter. 

neg., negative, -ly. 

nom., nominative. 


Lexicon of 


| 
| 





SIGNS, ETC. 


num. o7 numer., numeral. 

O. E., Old Englisk. 

obj. or object., objective. -ly. 

obs., observe. 

opp., opposed to, opposite, -tion 

ord., ordinal. 

orig., origin, original, originally. 

P., Putschius, Grammaticae Latinae 
Auctores, Hanov. 1605. 

p., page. 

part., participle. 

partit., partitive. 

pass., passive, -ly ov passim. 

perf., perfect. 

perh., perhaps. 

pers., personal, -ly. 

philos., philosophy, -ical, -ically, -ophee 

Phr., Phrase, Phrases. 

Phys., physical, -ly. 


| pleon,, pleonastically. 


pl., plu. or plur., plural. 


| poet., poeta, poetical, -ly. 


pos., positive. 

praef., praefatio. 

preced., preceding. 

prep., preposition. 

prob., probably. 

prol., prologus. 

pron., pronoun. 

pronom., pronominal. 

prop., proper, -ly, in a proper sense. 

proverb., proverbial, -ly. 

Quich. or Q., the French-Latin Lex. of 
Quicherat. 

qs., quasi. 

q. V., quod vide, videas. 

k. and A., Riddle and Arnold. 

rad., radical 07 root. 


| rar., rare, -ly. 
| ref., refer, -ence, 





reflect., reflective, -tively. 

rel., relative. 

rhet,, rhetor., rhetoric, -al; in rhetoric. 
Rom., Roman. 

Ruhnk., Rubnken. 

rb. root. 

se., scilicet. 

Schleusn., Schleusner’s New Test. Lex 
Spreng., Sprengel. 

sq., sequens (and the following) 

s., seu. 

Ss. V., Sub voce. 

sign., signif, signifies, -cation. 
sing., singular. 

SS., Sanctae Scripturae. 

subaud., subauditur. 

subject. 07 subj., subjective, -ly. 
subj., subjunctive. 

subst., substantive, -ly. 

suff., suffix. 

sup., superlative o7 supine, 

syl., syllable. 

syn., synonym, -ymous. 

syncop., sync., syncopated. 

t. t., technical term. 

term., termination. 

theol. theological. 

trans., transitive. 

transf., transferred. 

trisyl., trisyllable, -abic 

Tursell., lursellinus. 

usu., usual, -ly. 

v., verb, vide; 07 vox; also, very. 
voc., vocative. 

Vulg., Vulgate. 

Wahl, Wahl’s New Test. Lexicon. 
Wytt. or Wyttenb., Wyttenbach. 
Zumpt, Zumpt’s Latin Grammar. 








A. 


first letter of the alphabet. A, 
A, indecl. f. (sc. littera), more fre- 
quently n., Cic.: Prise.: to make the mark 
of the letter A, litteram A imprimere, Cic. 

a, or (before vowels) an: |. As 
the indefinite article prefixed to a sub- 
stantive employed to designate any- 


one of a species, it has no represen- | 


tative in Latin, which in such cases 
employs the singular number of the 
substantive alone: he bore pain as a 
man, tulit dolorem ut vir, Cic.: a Greek, 
Graecus; a Roman, Romanus. Il. 
Even when a definite single object is 
spoken of, the indefinite article is usu- 


ally unrepresented in Latin- there was | 


a great plain, and in it a tolerably large 
earthen elevation, planities erat magna et 
in ea tumulus terrenus, satis grandis, 
Caes. II]. Sometimes, however, when 
special attention is to be directed to the 
object, aliquis or quidam is employed in 
a sense nearly equivalent to our expres- 
sion, a certain: the Peripatetics main- 
tain that there is in the minds of men, 
as it were, a divine voice, Peripatetici 
censent esse in mentibus hominum tan- 
quam oraculum aliquod, Cic.: a (certain) 
soldier of the tenth legion, quidam ex 
militibus decimae legionis, Caes. [V, 
When used distributively, as in the 
phrases once a year, somuch a head, etc., 
it must be expr. with the help of a dis- 
tributive numeral: as the price of corn 
had now risen to 50 denarii a bushel, jam 
ad denarios L in singulos modios annona 
pervenerat, Caes.: he promises to the 


soldiers four jugers a man, militibus | 


pollicetur quaterna in singulos jugera, 
Caes.: if ye are willing to quit Sagun- 
tum unarmed with two dresses a piece, 
si inermes cum binis vestimentis velitis 
ab Sagunto exire, Liv. Phr.: twice a 
day, bis in die, Cic.; bis die, Tib.. once 
@ month, semel in mense, Cat,: twice 
a month, bis in mense, Plin.: twice a 
year, bis in anno, Varr., Cic.; bis anno, 
Plin. Y. When referring to a particular 
thing: is, 6a, id: a certain reward and 
not a small one, certa merces nec ea 
parva, Cic.: a thing which was easy to 
be done, id quod facile factu fuit, Cic.: 
at such a time, id temporis, Cic. : of such 


a kind, id genus, Cic—Note. The ordi- | 


nary indef. art. must on no account be 
translated by wnus: v. SINGLE, INDI- 
VIDUAL. 

abacus: Abacus: Pers. 

abaft (adv.), in the hinder prt of a 
ship. Phr.: to sit ab., in puppi sed- 
ere, Virg.; ab. the mast, *post, pone 
malum ; v. BEHIND. 

abandon: |. To forsake, leave 
behind, or cease to aid and protect: 

1, rélinquo, liqui, lictum, 3 (usu. 

without any notion of neglect: v. TO 
LEAVE): a@b.d possessions, relictae pos~ 
sessiones, Cic.- Rome must be ab.d, Ro- 
ma relinquenda est, Ov.: to ab. the 
standards, signar., Liv. Adv. omni- 
no, plane, prorsus. 9. dérélinquo, 
liqui, etc. (usu. implying neglect): we 
saw Li. Gracchus ab.'d by Q. Tubero, 
Ti. Gracchum a Q. Tuberone derelictum 
videbamus, Cic.; an uncultivated and 
ab.'d soil, incultum et derelictum solum, 
Cic.: ab.d not only by all good fortune, 
but even by all hope, ab omni non modo 


ENGLISH-LATIN 


AN 





ABATE 


: : | 
fortuna verum etiam spe derelicti, Cic. 


8. d&@séro, sérii, sertum, 3; (usu. 


implying faithlessness)- do not ab. thy | 
brother, ne desere fratrem, Virg.* Varus 


is ab.d by his men, deseritur a suis 
Varus, Caes.. to ab. a cause, cansam d., 
| Cic.: to ab. the path of virtue, viam vir- 
| tutis d., Hor. Adv. plane, omnino. 
4. déstitio, ti, tum. 3 (often 
stronger than desero): to ab. his de- 
| fenders in the most critical moment of 
| danger, defensores suos in ipso discri- 
|mine periculi d., Liv.: he complains 
| that he has been ab.'d, quod sit desti- 
‘tutus queritur, Caes,: the water had 
‘ab.d its channel, aqua alveum desti- 
tuerat, Liv. [|]. Zo give up or over. 
1, dédo, dédidi, déditum, 3: to ab. 

|a@ person to anyone's cruelty, hominem 
| crudelitati alicujns ded., Cic.: to ab. one- 
| self to pleasures, voluptatibus se d., Cic.: 
to ab. oneself to idleness, desidiae se d., 
Cic.: v. TO SURRENDER. 2. abjicio, 
| jéci, jectum, 3 (lit. to throw away): to 
ab. the design of making war, consilium 
belli faciendi ab., Cic.: Hor. 3, ré- 
| linquo, 3: to ab, a siege, obsidionem r., 
Caes.: to ab. a war, bellum r., Cic.: to 
ab. the city to plunder, urbem direp- 
tioni r., Cic.; to ab. a project, inceptum 
r;, Virg. 4, déséro, 3: to ab. one’s 
right, suum jus d., Cic.: to ab. life, vi- 
tam d., Cic. 
sum, 3: to ab. all hope, omnem spem 
di., Caes. 6. Smitto, 7: he ab/d the 
| blockade of our men, obsessionem nos- 
| trorum omisit, Caes.: to ab. pleasures, 
| voluptates om., Cic. Join: relinquere 





quere, Cic.—Nore. Relinquo, dimitto, 
omitto, abjicio denote simply to leave 


abandon wilfully. 


abandoned: |. Part.: forsaken, 
| dérélictus, Caes.: désertus, Cic.: v. 
| ABANDON. |], Adj.: extremely wicled, 
perditus: 6. igns, p. consilia, 


| Cic.: ab. manners, perditi mores, Cic. : 
V. UNPRINCIPLED. 
abandoner: désertor: an ab. of his 
Jriends, amicorum d., Cic. 
abandoning, abandonment: 1. 


consul, r. proditioqne consulis sui, Cic. 
2. dérélictio: the ab. of the general 
interest, communis utilitatis d., Cie. 
8, déstititio: Cic.: Suet. 
abase: V. 50 HUMBLE, LOWER. 
abasement: humiliation, depres- 
ston: 1, humilitas, atis, 7: abase- 
ment of the senate, h. senatus,Seu. 2, 
| démissio: ab. of mind, d. animi, Cic. 
8, déjectio: ab. of mind, dej. ani- 
| mi, Sen. 
| abash: fo make ashamed: v. TO CON- 
| FOUND, SHAME. Phr. te ab. anyone, 
| alicui ruborem incutere, Liv.: I am 





abashed, rubor suffunditur mihi, Sen. 
| abate: A. Trans. 
lessen, mitigate : 1. imminio, ii, 


titum, 3: something is a.’d from the 
pleasure, imminuitur aliquid de volup- 
| tate, Cic. Q, laxo, 1: to ab. a portion 
of one’s toil, sibi 1. aliquid laboris, Liv. : 
to abate one's anger, iram L., Stat. 

3. rémitto, misi, missum, 3: to ab. 
| something of their former valour, ali- 
| quid ex pristina virtute r., Caes.: he 
every day a.’d somewhat of his wrath, 
quotidie aliquid pacynOlee remittebat, 

3 


5, dimitto, misi, mis- | 


et prodere, Cic.: deserere et derelin- | 


off, give up: desero and destituo, to. 


| rélictio: the ab. and betrayal of one’s | 


DICTIONARY. 


ABDICATE 


Liv. |. to lessen the price of any- 
thing: 1, rémitto, misi, missum, 3: 
de summa r., Cic. 9, détraho, traxi, 
tractum, 3. ex summa d., Cic. 3. 
|; imminuo, ui, itum, 3: summam i., Cic. 
Phr.: J cannot abate a farthing, non 
potest triobolum hinc abesse, Plaut.: 
Vv. ABATEMENT (II.) B, Intrans. 
to decrease in strength or violence: 

1, cado, cécidi, casum, 3: the vio- 
lence of the wind wholly a.d, venti vis 
omnis cecidit, Liv. : has not your anger 
a.’d? non tibi ira cecidit? Liv. SS 
décédo, cessi, cessum, 3 (to depart 
altogether): this anger will soon ab., 
decedet jam ira haec, Ter: the quart- 
an ague has a.’d, quartana decessit, 
Cic. 3. imminio, 3 (to lessen); with 
pron, reflect.: when the grief has a.d, 


| postquam se dolor imminuit, Ov. 4. 
inclino, 13; with pron. reflect.: the 
| fever a.’s, febris se inclinat, Cels. 5. 





| laxo, 1: prices had abated, annona lax- 
| averat, Liv. 6, rémitto, 3; some- 
| times with pron. reflect.: the wind 
| had by chance a.’d, forte ventus remi- 
|serat, Caes.: Cic.: Ter.: the pain and 
| inflammation have a.’d, dolor et inflam- 
matio se remiserunt, Cels. 7. Te- 
spiro, 1: the attack a.’d, oppugnatio re- 
spiravit, Cic. 8. subsido, sédi, ses- 


sum, 3: vices av., vitia s., Sen.: Quint. 
abatement: |. Decrease, diminw 
tion: 1, décessio or décessus, tis: the 


ab. of a fever, decessio or decessus 
febris, Cels. 2. rémissio: the ab. of 
a fever, r. febris, Suet.: of a disease, 
morbi, Cic.: of a punishment, poenae, 
Cic. 3. déminiitio: an ab. of taxes, 
d. vectigalium, Cic.: v. REMISSION. Jf. 
Diminution of price, *remissio: to make 
an ab. of 10 per cent., *remissionem 
| centesimarum denarnum facere: to make 
an ab. in the price, *remittere de pretio 
indicato. li]. Legal t. t. failure: the 
ab. of a writ, exceptio dilatoria, Gai. 
the ab. of an action, actionis abolitio, 
Dig. 
abattis, concaedes, ium, f.: Tac. 
A.1,50.: arborum dejectus, fis, m., Liv. : 
arborum caedes, is, f., Liv. 
abbacy: 1, abbatia: Hier. 2 
the office, 


dioecésis abbatialis, Eccl. : 
*acbatis munus: the benefice, *bene- 
ficium abbati concessum, 

abbess: 1, abbatissa: Hier. 2. 
*antistita virginum sanctarum: if the 
abbess is a princess, regina abbatissa 
(like regina sacerdos in Virg. Aen. 1, 273). 

abbey, abbatia, M.L. 

abbot: 1, abbas, atis: Sidon. : 

9, archimandrita, ae: Sidon. 

abbreviate, imminio, ti, itum, 3: 
an abbreviated word, verbum imminu- 
tum, Cic.: v. TO SHORTEN, CONTRACT. 

abbreviation: 1. the act of short- 
ening: expr. by, in breve cogere, ete. 
v. TO CONTRACT. See also CONTRACTION, 
SHORTENING. Q. the thing shortened : 
abbreviations, ndtae, arum; sigla, orum, 
Cod. Just. : Vv. SHORTHAND. 

abdicate: |. Trans. 1, abdico, 
I (usu. with acc. of pron. reflect. and abt. 
of the word denoting what is given up) 
he a.'d his consulship, consulatu se ab- 
dicavit, Cic.: Liv. Also with acc. of the 
office: to a. the dictatorship, dictaturam 
ab., Liv.: the office having been a.’d, 
abdicato magistratu, Sall. 2. ejiiro, 
1 (prop. to swear that one is not able 

I 





ABDICATION 





to perform the duties of an office): 
Silanus was compelled to a. his office, 
adactts Silanus ej. magistratum, Tac. : 
Plin. |]. Intrans. abdico, 1: the 
et a.d, consules abdicaverunt, 
ic. 
abdication: abdicatio: the ab. of 
the dictatorship, ab. dictaturae, Liv. 
abdomen: abdomen, inis, v.: Plin.: 
uv.: V. BELLY. 
abdominal: expr. by genitive of ab- 
ddmen. 
abduction: 1, raptus, us: the 
ab. of a maiden, virginis r., Cic.: Ov.: 
Tac. 9. raptio: Ter. 
aberration: |. Departure or wan- 
ring from right, truth, etc., error: 
ab. of mind, mentis error, Cic.: Hor. 
Il. Deviation from a straight line: 
only in the phrase, the ab. of light, 
iucis declinzatio (c* Lucr. 2, 249). 
abet, to aid a person in his designs 
(mow usu. in a bad sense): 1. ad- 
sum, fui, with dat.: v. TO SIDE WITH. 
2, adjiivo, jivi, jitum, 1: now you 
too abet this woman's madness, jam tu 
quoque hujus adjuvas insaniam, PI. 
Phr.: to ab.a crime, ministrum esse 
in maleficio, Cic.: v. ABETTOR. Vv. TO 
SUPPORT, MAINTAIN. 
abettor (usu. in a bad sense): 
], minister, tri (m.), and ministra (f.) . 
the a.s and slaves of seditions, ministri 
ac servi seditionum, Cic.: the a.s and 
partakers of crimes, m. atque socii 
scelerum, Lucr.: your family ought not 
to have been the a. of this crime, huic 
facinori tua domus ministra esse non 
debuit, Cic. Q. satelles, itis, c.: a.s 
of his power, satellites potestatis, Cic. 
abeyance, bein: 1, jacéo, ti, 2: 
tf an inheritance has been in ab. for 
any time, si jacuerit hereditas aliquo 
tempore, Ulp. Hence, in a more general 
sense: the laws were powerless, the 
courts of justice in ab., leges nihil vale- 
bant, judicia jacebant, Cic. 92. vaco, 
1: the ownership of the estate is in ab., 
fundi possessio v., Paul. Dig. Phir: 
inheritances in ab., hereditates cadiicae, 
Cic. Phil. 10, 5. 
abhor: abborréo, 2 (with acc. or ab 
with abl.): all scorned him, all ab.d 
him, omnes illum aspernabantur, omnes 
abhorrebant, Cic.: to ab. slaughter, a 
caede abh., Cic.: v. TO ABOMINATE, 
DETEST, Phr.: to abhor any one, 
aversissimo animo esse ab aliquo, Cic. : 
aversissimum esse ab aliquo, Sen.: in- 
visissimum habere, Sen.: we ab. gladi- 
ators, gladiatores invisos habemus, Cic. 
abhorrence: Phr.: to regard any- 
one with great ab., aversissimum esse ab 
aliquo, Sen.: v. AVERSION, DETESTATION. 
abhorrent, i.e. inconsistent with : 
aliénus (usu. with ab or abl. alone) this 
seems to me abh. to my way of life, hoc 
mihi al. a vita mea videtur, Ter.: the 
gods think this abh. to their majesty, hoc 
dii al. ducunt majestate sua, Cic. 
abide: A.Intrans. |, todwell, 
habito, 1: Cic.: v. TO DWELL. Il. to 
remain, stay: maneo, rémaneo, mansi, 
Mmansum, 2: Cic.: v. TO REMAIN, STAY. 
B. Trans. |, toawait,q.v. |. 
sustain, q.v. |||. to abide by : maneo, 
sto (with im and abl.). Vv. TO ADHERE or 
STAND TO. 
abiding (adj.): manstrus (prop. 
part. of maneo); a. love, m. amor, Ov.: 
a. faith, friendship, m. fides, amicitia, 
Claud.: Tac.: Vv. CONTINUING, CONSTANT. 


abidingly; v- CONSTANTLY, PER- 
MANENTLY. 
ability: |. Power: 1, potestas, 


potentia, facultas: v. POWER, OPPOR- 
TuNITY. 2, Opis, 6pem, dpe /. (no 
nom. sing.) : to strive with one's utmost 
ab., summa ope niti, Sall.: the contest 
might seem scarcely within human ab., 
vix humanae opis videri pugna poterat, 
Liv. Phr.: to the dest or utmost of 
one's ab., pro (sua) parte, Cic.: Ov.: 
pro parte virili, Cic.: Liv.: Ov.: pro 
virili portione, Tac. I]. Mental ca- 
pacity: ingénium: a man of very vi- 
yorous ab., vir acerrimo ing., Cic.: to 
smprove one’s a.s, ing. acuere, Cic.: to 
2 


ABOLE 








eccel in ab., ingenic abundare, valere, 
florere, plenum esse, Cic. Join: in- 
genium et industria, Cic.- animi et in- 
genii motus, Ctx, 

abject: 1, abjectus: an ab. soul, 
animus ab., Cic. 9, projectus: ab. 
patience, p. patientia, Tac. 3, bu- 
milis, e: to bear griefs with an ab. and 
weak mind, dolores h. animo imbe- 
cilloque ferre, Cic.: a very ab. flatterer, 
humillimus assentator, Vell. Join: 
contemptus et abjectus, Cic.: abjectum 
et humile cogitare, Cic.: animus per- 
culsus et abjectus, Cic.: humilis et ab- 
jecta oratio, Cic. 

abjectly: 1, hiimiliter : to think 
ab., h. sentire, Cic.: to submit ab., h. 
servire, Liv. Q. abjecté: Tac. 

abjectness; himilitas: ab. and 
earnest entreating, h. et obsecratio, Cic, 

abjuration: @juratio: the abj. of 
hope, spei ej., Sen. 

abjure: to renounce upon oath, to 
renounce solemnly: 1, abjiro, 1 (rem 
alicui): Pl: Cic.  Q, éjtiro or ejéro, 1: 
to ab. one’s children, liberos ej., Sen.: to 
ab. one’s country, patriam ej., Tac. 

ablative case: ablativus, i, m. 

uint. 

able: |. Competent, having suffi- 
cient power: potens, entis (with gen.): 
the enemy, not a. either to fight or to 


flee, are slain, hostes neque pugnae 


neque fugae satis potentes caeduntur, 
Liv.: Tac. 2. potis, pote (but potis 
is often used with neuter words, and 
is rarely declined): usu. in connec- 
tion with esse, expr. or understood: 
two women are a. to give more trouble 
than enough to a very great mul- 
titude, duae mulieres maximo uni 
poplo negoti plus satis dare potis sunt, 
PL: which is never a. to be separated, 
quod nunquam potis est sejungi, Lucr. : 
no force is a. to restrain Evander, 
non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere, 
Virg. ||. Possessing ability of mind: 
ingénidsus: V. CLEVER, SKILFUL. 

able, be: 1, possum, podtui (with 
inf.): the Aedui were not a. to defend 
themselves, Aedui se defendere non 
poterant, Caes.: I was a. to reach the 
boughs, poteram contingere ramos, 
Virg.: v. CAN. 2. habéo, 2 (with 
relat. clause or inf.): I am not a. to 
agree with you, non habeo quid tibi 
assentiar, Cic.: I am a. to assert that 
as certain, illud affirmare pro certo 
habeo, Liv. 3. quéo, 4 (conjugated 
like e0): with inf.: I am not a. to 
write the rest, non queo reliqua scribere, 
Cic.: Hor. (Néqueo: not to be ab.: v. 
CANNOT) 4, valéo, 2 (usu. with ad 
or inf.): you have been a. not only to 
disregard the laws, but even to subvert 
them, tu non solum ad negligendas le- 
ges, verum etiam ad evertendas valuisti, 
Cic.: God is a. to change the lowest to 
the highest, v. ima summis mutare 
Deus, Hor. 5. sufficio, féci, fectum, 
3: we are not a. to strive against it, 
nec nos obniti contra sufficimus, Virg. 
Phr.: he was not a. to pay, solvendo 
non erat, Cic.: he is not a. to pay his 
debts, solvendo aere alieno non est, 
Liv.: to be a. to bear a burden, oneri 
ferendo esse, Liv. 


able-bodied: vialidus: v. sTRoNne, 
EFFECTIVE. 
ablution: 1, lavatio, Pl. 


2. 
lotira, Mart.: Plin. 3, ablitio, Plin.: 
Vv. WASHING. 

ably: i.e. with ability, ingéniodsé: 
your views are a. discussed, tractantur 
ista in., Cic. 
abnegation: V. DENIAL, SELF-DENIAL. 
aboard: Phr.: to go ab. a ship, 
Navem or in navem conscendere, Caes. : 
Cic.: a going a.,conscensio in naves, Cic. 
abode: |. Continuance at a place, 
Mansio: V. RESIDENCE, STAY. |], Dwell- 
ing-place : 1, ddmicilium: Pl.: Cic.. 
Fig.: Rome, the ab. of empire and of 
glory, Roma imperii et gloriae d., Cic. 
2. sédes, is, f.: they pretended to 
return to their oun a.s, reverti se in 
suas sedes simulaverunt, Caes.: Ov.: 
V. HOUSE, RESIDENCE, SEAT. 








ABOUND 





abolish: 1. tollo, sustili, sublatum, 
3: toab. the dictatorship, dictaturam t. 
Cic.: to ab. old laws, veteres leges t., 
Cic.: to ab. friendship from life, t. ami- 
citiam e vita, Cic.; v. TO TAKE awAY, 
9, abdleo, lévi, litum, 2: to ab.an 
office, magistratum ab., Liv.: v. TO Do 
AWAY WITH, OBLITERATE. 3. dis- 
solvo, solvi, solitum, 3: to ab. the laws 
of Caesar, leges Caesaris d.. Cic.: to ab 
religious observances, religiones d., Liv. . 
to ab. the royal power, regiam potes- 
tatem d., Nep.. to ab. corporations, col- 
legia d., Suet. 4, exstinguo, stinxi, 
stinctum, 3: to ab. a law, custom, 
legem, consuetudinem ex., Cic. 5, 
intérimo, émi, emptum, 3 to ab. sacred 
rites, sacra int., Cic. (rare in this sense). 
6. périmo, etc. 3: to ab. and do 
away with games, ludos p. atque tollere, 
Cic.: Vv. TO DESTROY. 7, abrogo, 1 
(to repeal a law): Vv. TO ABROGATE. 
8, extermino, 1. to ab. authority 
from the state, auctoritatem e civitate 
ex., Cic.: Vv. TO BANISH. 
abolition: _ 1, abolitio- the ab. of 
tribute, tributiab., Tac. Q, dissdliitio - 
the ab. of all laws, legum omnium d., 


Cic.. Phr.: an ab. of debts, tabulae 
novae, Cic. 

abominable: 1. détestabilis: v. 
DETESTABLE. Q, infandus: ab. repasts, 


i.e. of human flesh, infandae epulae. 
Liv. 3. néfandus, néfariis: v. DE- 
TESTABLE, EXECRABLE. 

abominably: néfarie: everything 
that has been ab. and scandalously done 
will be recounted, omnia commemora- 
buntur quae n. flagitioseque facta 
sunt, Cic.: impiously and ab., impie 
n.que, Cic. 

abominate: 4bdminor, 1, Liv.: v. 
TO DETEST, EXECRATE. 

abomination: |. “reat hatred, 
Abominatio: Lact.: v. HATRED. il. 
That which excites hatred : 1, néfas, 
n. indecl.: Mercury, whom the Egyptians 
consider it an ab. to name, Mercurius 
quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare, 
Cic.. the law has subdued the vile ab., 
lex maculosum edomuit n., Hor. at 
flagitium (an odious and disgraceful 
crime): @ man thoroughly polluted 
with crimes and ab.s, homo sceleribus 
fl.que contaminatissimus, Cic.: to do 
and to speak ab.s, flagitia facere et 
dicere, Cic.: Liv. 

aborigines: 1. Abdrigines, um: 
Cic.: Sall. Q. terra orti: Quint. 

3, indigénae, arum: Virg. 4, 

autochthdnes (avrox@oves): Apul. 

abortion: 1. abortus, ts: Ter. . 
Cic. 9. abortio: Pl.: Cic. 
to procure ab., abigere partum medica- 
mentis, Cic.: fetus convellere, Ov.. 
partum elidere, Cels. 


abortion, causing: 4bortivus: 
Plin.: Juv. 
abortive: |. Born prematurely, 


Rbortivus: ab. Sisyphus, ab. Sisyphus, 
Hor. |, Resultless, unsuccessful, irri- 
tus: an ab. enterprise, ir. inceptum, 
Liv.: ab. missiles, ir. tela, Virg.: to 
render injustice ab., injurias ir. facere, 
Cic. - v. EMPTY, VAIN. 
abortively: v. IN VAIN, 
abound: 1. dbundo, 1: whether 
nature falls short or ab.s, sive natura 
deest, sive ab., Cic.: the needy abound, 
egentesab.,Cic. 2, abundé sum (ad- 
sum): with them everything bad ab.’d, 
quibus mala ab. omnia erant, Sall.: 
everything else ab.s, omnia alia ab. ad- 
sunt, Cic.; also with gen. of thing: 
terror and fraud ab. terrorum et 
fraudis ab. est, Virg. 3. sipersum : 
Sor whom such wealth existed and ab.’d, 
cui tanta erat res et supererat, Ter. 
4, stipéro, 1: moisture ab.d in the 
fields, superabat humor in arvis, Lucr.: 
leisure ab.s, otium s., Liv. §, extibéro, 
1: in consequence of much learning and 
many arts, eloquence overflows and ab.s- 
ex multa eruditione, ex multis artibus 
exundat et exub. eloquentia, Tac. ; ridi- 
cule ab.d, ludicrum exuberabat, Suet. 
6, affluo, fluxi, xum, 3 (rare in this 
sense: Vv. TO ABOUND IN) nature 1 


Pir: , 


i‘ 


ers 


‘ 


ABO UN DY TN 





redundant and ab.s, natura abundat 
atque aff., Cic. 
abound in: 1, abundo, 1 (with 
abi.): to ab. in wealth, divitiis ab., 
Ter.: the farm ab.s in swine, villa ab. 
poreo, Cic. Fig.: the woman ab.s in 
boldness, mulier ab. audacia, Cic.: to ab. 
in honours, genius, honoribus, ingenio 
ab., Cic.: to ab. in love, amore ab., Ter. 
9. affliio, fluxi, fluxum, 3: to ab. in 
riches, honour, and glory, divitiis, ho- 
nore, et laude aff., Lucr.: to ab. in 
pleasures, voluptatibus aff., Cic.. 3. 
circumfliio, etc. 3 (stronger than preced- 
ing): to ab. in all possible resources, 
omnibus copiis c., Cic. Join: cir- 
cumfluere et abundare, Cic. 4, exi- 
béro, 1: the tree ab.s in fruit, pomis 
ex. arbor, Virg.: the rank foliage ab.s in 
shade, \uxuria foliorum ex. umbra, Virg. 
5, suppédito, 1 (to be well supplied 
with: q. v.): in all these things we ab., 
he is deficient, his rebus omnibus nos 
s., eget ille, Cic. 6. scateo, 2 (to 
bubble up, teem): the citadel ab.s in 
fountains, arx s. fontibus, Liv.: the sea 
ab.s in monsters, s. belluis pontus, Hor. : 
the Nile ab.s in fishes, Nilus s. piscibus, 
Mel.: rarely and poet. with gen.: the 
earth ab.s in wild beasts, terra ferarum 
scatit (instead of scatet), Lucr. Phr.: 
the poems of Lucretius ab. in art, car- 
mina Lucreti multae sunt artis, Cic.: 
May sometimes be expr. with an adj., 
as: to ab. in money, pecuniosum esse : 
Vv. WEALTHY. 
abounding: |. i. q. abundant: 
q. v. ||. Abounding in, followed by 
1, abundans, ntis (usu. with 
abl., also gen.): ab. in leisure, otio ab., 
Cic.: a route ab. in everything, via om- 
nium rerum ab., Nep.: ab. in milk, lac- 
tis ab., Virg. 9, affliens, ntis (with 
abl.): a man ab. in goodness, homo 
bonitate aff., Cic.: a city ab. in very 
learned men, urbs eruditissimis homi- 
nibus ab, Cic. 3, copidsus (with abl., 
rarely with ab): a town ab. in provi- 
sions, oppidum re cibaria c., Gell.: a 
place ab. in corn, locus a frumento co- 
piosus, Cic.: ab. in honourable accom- 
plishments, artibus honestis copiosus, 
Tac. 4, créber, bra, brum (with 
abl.) : the south-west wind ab in squalls, 
c. procellis Africus, Virg.: Cic.: V. FRE- 
QUENT. 5, fécundas (with abl. or 
gen.): Calymne ad. in honey, fecunda 
melle Calymne, Ov.: v. FRUITFUL. 6, 
largus (with abl. or gen.): ab. in re- 
Sources, largus opum, Virg.: leaves ab. 
tn sap, folia larga succo, Plin. 7. ré- 
fertus (with abl.) : Xerxes ab. in all the 
rewards and gifts of fortune, Xerxes r. 
omnibus praemiis donisque fortunae, 
Cic.. a letter ab. in every charm, literae 
r. omni suavitate, Cic.: Tac.— Obs.: may 
sometimes be expr. by an adjectival 
termination: as, ab. in money, pecu- 
niosus, etc.: V. FULL OF (fin.). 
about: A. Prep. |. Around: 
circa, circum (with acc.) : they collected 
wood ab. the hut, ligna contulerunt cirea 
casam, Nep.: her hair thrown back 
carelessly ab. her head, capillus circum 
caput rejectus negligenter, Ter. Il. 
In the neighbourhood of : circa, circum : 
ab. rivers and lakes there is frequent 
mist, circa flumina et lacus frequens 
nebula est, Sen.: Vell.: J shall tarry 
ab. these places, circum haec loca com- 
morabor, Cic. ||. 7m attendance on : 
circa, circum: he had three hundred 
unarmed youths ab. him, trecentos 
juvenes inermes circa se habebat, Liv. : 
he always has a great body of cavalry 
ab. him, magnum numerum equitatus 
circum se semper habet, Caes. IV. 
Near (in time): 1, circa, circiter 
(with ace.): ab. the same hour, circa 
eandera horam, Liv.: ab. the time of 
Cicero, circa Ciceronem, Sen.: he led the 
army back ab. noon, circiter meridiem 
exercitum reduxit, Caes. 2, ad (with 
acc.).: ab. evening, ad vesperum, Caes.: 
when he was ab. forty years old, quum 
annos ad quadraginta natus esset, Cic. 
3. dé (with abl.): ab. midnight, de 
media nocte, Caes.: ab. the third watch, 


ABOVE 


ABROAD 





de tertia vigilia, Caes.: Suet. 4, stb 
(with acc. or abl.) : ab. night-time Pom- 
pey sailed, Pompeius sub noctem naves 
solvit, Caes.: ab. the same time, sub 
eodem tempore, Ov. V. Respecting, 
concerning: dé (with abl.): a dream 
ab. money, de argento somnium, Ter.: I 
wondered ab. Dionysius, de Dionysio sum 
admiratus, Cic. 2, sapér (with abl.): 
I will write to you ab. this matter, hac 
s. re scribam ad te, Cic.: often asling 
many things ab. Priam, multa s. Priamo 
rogitans, Virg. 3. circa (with ace. : 
rare): a dispute ab. words, c. verba 
dissensio, Quint, 

B. Adverb.: |. Of Place: in 
combination with verbs: as, to walk 
about, ride about, etc. These are in 
reality compound verbs, and expr. in 
Latin by a single word, as déambiilo, 
circumvéhor, etc. See TO WALK, RIDE, 
ete. I], Of degree: nearly: circa 
(rare): the victors slew ab. 500 Romans, 
¢. quingentos Romanorum victores ceci- 
derunt, Liv. 9, circiter: he reached 
the frontiers of the Belgae in ab, fifteen 
days, diebus c. quindecim ad fines Bel- 
garum pervenit, Caes.: ab. a fourth 
part was furnished with military wea- 
pons, c. pars quarta erat militaribus 
armis instructa, Sall. 8. féré: ab. 
the fifth hour, quinta fere hora, Caes.: 
Jor ab. 600 years, sexcentos f. annos, 
Cic. 4, ferme: this happened ab. 
two years ago, hoc factum est f. abhinc 
biennium, Pl.: ab. a half, pars f. 
dimidia, Liv. 5, fortassé (like our 
perhaps): out of many books of Iso- 
crates he chose ab. thirty lines, elegit ex 
multis Isocratis libris triginta f. versus, 
Cic. G6. quési (prop. as it were): I 
have collected ab. fifteen talents, quasi 
talenta ad quindecim coegi, Ter.: at ab. 
the bottom of the page, q. in extrema 
pagina, Cic. 7. instar (prop. a neut, 
subst. = likeness, and hence with gen.): 
Tiro has ab. seventy of my letters, habet 
Tiro instar septuaginta mearum episto- 
larum, Cic.: v. AROUND. Phr.: tohave 
one’s wits ab. one, praesenti animo esse, 
Cic.: to seize one ab. the middle, me- 
dium aliquem arripere, Ter.—N.B. The 
two languages do not exactly corre- 
spond in the uses of these words, and 
hence the English adverb is sometimes 
expressed by a Latin preposition, but 
the examples are classified in accord- 
ance with the English. 

above: A. Prep. |, ma 
higher place. 1. siipér (with acc., 
rarely abl.); ab. the bricks hides are 
drawn, s. lateres coria inducuntur, 
Caes.: Nomentanus was ab. him (at 
table), Nomentanus erat s. ipsum, 
Hor.: ab. whose neck a sword hangs, 
ensis cui s. cervice pendet, Hor. OH. 
supra (with acc.): he who lives ab. 
us, ille qui supra nos habitat, PI.: 
ab. that place, supra eum locum, 
Caes. I]. In a higher rank or degree: 

1. stipér with ace.: ab. the usual 
honours, s. solitos honores, Liv.: age 
and beauty, and ab. all, the Roman 
name, aetas et forma et s. omnia Ro- 
manum nomen, Liv. 9. supra (with 
ace.): to be raised ab. other mortals, 
attolli supra ceteros mortales, Plin.: 

3, prae (with abl.): he flourished 
ab. the rest, prae ceteris floruit, Cic.: 
Virg. I]. In greater number or 
quantity : 1, stipér (with ace.) : ab. 
60,000, s. sexaginta milia, Tac. Dy 
supra (with acc.): ab. 20,000, supra 
milia viginti, Liv. 3. amplius, plus- 
quam: Vv. MORE THAN. IV. Jn ex- 
cess: 1. siiper (with acc.): ab. 
measure, and almost ab. nature, super 
modum ac paene naturam, Quint. 2. 
supra (with acc.): ab. measure, supra 
modum, Liv.: v. BEYOND. Y, Beyond, 
out of the power or reach of : supra (with 
acc.): ab. one’s strength, supra vires, 
Hor.: v. BEYOND. Phr.: ab. all things, 
ante omnia, Liv.; summépéré, Cic.: to 
be ab. doing something ; v. TO BE ABOVE. 

B. Adverb: |. Overhead : a 
supra: those parts which are belou 
what is swallowed are dilated, while 


those ab. are contracted, partes eae quae 
sunt infra id quod devoratur, dilatantur 
quae autem supra, contrahuntur, Cic. : 
all these things which are ab. and be- 
neath, omnia haec quae s. et subter 
(sunt), Cic.: Caes.: Virg. 9. insiiper: 
huge Etna piled ab., ingens ins. Aetna 
imposita, Virg. : walls on every side and 
a vaulted roof ab. strengthen (the prison), 
eum muniunt undique parietes atque 
ins. camera, Sall. 3. désiiper (from 
above): there were Jound many who 
leaped into the phalanzes and wounded 
(the enemy) from ab., reperti sunt com- 
plures qui in phalangas insilirent et 
des. vulnerarent, Caes.: Virg. 4. 
superné (from above): he plunges his 
sword from ab. into his throat, giadium 
s. jigulo defigit, Liv. I]. Before: su- 
pra: what I wrote ab., quae s. scripsi, 
Cic.: Caes. The comparative, siipérius, 
sometimes occurs: J have said ab. how 
much esteemed literature was among 
men, quantum valerent inter homines 
literae dixi superius, Phaedr. 
above, be, i. e. not to be willing to 
condescend to something: ], indignor, 
I (with ace. or inf.): to be a. sub- 
mitting to commands, ind. imperia, 
Quint. : we must not be a. learning, non 
indignandum est discere, Quint.: Lu- 
can. 9. dédignor: v. TO DISDAIN. 
abrade: abrado, rasi, rasum, 3: 
Lucr.: Cic. 
abraham’s balm (a tree): vitex, icis, 
f.: Plin.: vitex agnus castus, Linn. 
abrasion: attritus, ts: Piin. 
abreast: Phr.: to walk ab. of 
any one, latus alicui tegere, Hor.: both 
the ships are propelled together and ab. 
of each other, naves ua ambae june- 
tisque feruntur frontipus, Virg.: the 
beaks of the ships ab. (in a race), rostra 
aequata, Virg. 
abridge: 1, contraho, traxi, 
tractum, 3: fo ab. a speech, orationem 
c., Cic.: Quint. 9, brévio, 1: in a 
paraphrase it is allowable to ab. certain 
things, paraphrasi b. quaedam per- 
mittitur, Quint. 8. épitémo, 1: fo 
ab. a history, historiam ep., Treb. Poll. 
4, rédigo, égi, actum, 3 (with ad): 
Diophanes ab.d those very books to siz 
books, hosce ipsos libros ad sex libros 
redegit Diophanes, Varr. Phr.: to ab. 
a book, *in compendium redigere. v. TO 
DEPRIVE, LESSEN, SHORTEN. 
abridger: bréviator: Oros. 
abridgment: 1. pitome or épi- 
tdéma, Cic. 2, summarium, Sen. 
3. bréviarium, Suet.: Plin. 
abroach: Phr.: J have set all the 
casks abroach, relévi omnia dolia, Ter. 
(vélino). 
abroad: |. In the open air : foris : 
bees feed ab., work within, apes foris 
pascuntur, intus opus faciunt, Varr. 
|]. Not at home: foris : Cicero came 
to dine with us when Pomponia was 
dining ab., venit ad nos Cicero ad coe- 
nam quum Pomponia foris coenaret, 
Cic.: these pursuits are sources of en- 
joyment at home, and are no incum- 
brance ab. (i.e. in public life), haec 
studia delectant domi, non impediunt 
foris, Cic. Il]. Jn or to a foreign 
country: foris and péregré: both dig- 
nity at home and influence ab. are 
maintained, et domi dignitas et foris 
auctoritas retinetur, Cic.: he fought 
ab., peregre depugnavit, Cic.: to go ab., 
peregre proficisci, Suet.: Hor. IV. 
From within into the open air or im 
public: fdras: the door has creaked, 
Amphitruo is going ab., crepuit forig, 
Amphitruo exit foras, Pl. Phr. 
to come ab., in medium _procedere, 
Cic.: I know that you seldom appear 
ab., scio te raro in publicum prodire, 
Cic. 
abroad, from: 1. foris (fig.): 
the art of the orator does not produce 
these things, but yet he handles them 
skilfully when brought to him from ab., 
ea non parit oratoris ars, sed foris ad se 
delata tamen arte tractat, Cic. a 
extrinstcus: a war threatening from 
ab., extrinsecus imminens bellum, Liv 
3 


ABROAD, BE 





ABS TRACT 





3, péregre: a letter brought from 
ab., epistola peregre allata, Pl.. Liv. 
abroad, be, orlive; _1. péregri- 
nor, I: you seem to be hving ab. in 
a foreign state, not to be a public func- 
tionary in your own, p. in aliena 
civitate, non in tua magistratum gerere 
videris, Cic. Q. patria caréo, 2: Tac. 
8. (poet.) peregrinum ducere coe- 
lum, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 25. 
abrogate: 1, abrogo, 1 (to repeal 
@ law wholly, whereas derogo is to re- 
peal partially): to ab. (or repeal) the 
corn-laws, leges frumentarias abr., Cic. 
9. rescindo, scidi, scissum, 3: to 
ab. the acts of M. Antonius, acta M. 
Antonii r., Cic.: to ab. decrees, decreta 
r., Suet.: v, RESCIND. 3. dissolvo: 
Y. ABOLISH. 4. tollo: v. REMOVE, 
CANCEL. 
abrogation: 1. abrogatio (rare): 
Cic.: V. REPEAL. 9, antiquatio: the 
ab. of penalties, poenarum antiquatio, 
Cod. Theod. 
abrupt: |, Steep: praeruptus: 
ab. rocks, praerupta saxa, Cic.: v. 
8TEEP, RUGGED. |]. Hasty, sudden: 
subitus, répentinus: v. HASTY, SUDDEN. 
Il]. Unconnected (of style): abrup- 
tus: an ab. style, abruptum sermonis 
genus, Quint.: ab. exordiums, abrupta 
initia, Quint. 
abruptly ; stibito, répenté: v. HAs- 
TILY, SUDDENLY. 
abruptness: _1. Steepness, q. v. 
9. Haste, suddenness, q. v. 


abscess: 1, abscessus, tis : Cels. 
9, Abscesses, abscedentia, ium, 
Cels. 3. apostéma, Aatis, m.: Plin. 


4, suppiratio: Cels.: Plin. 5. 

vomica, Cic.: Cels.: Juv. 

abscond (legal ¢. ¢.): 1, latéo, 2: 
who says that he has absconded witha 
Fraudulent intention? quis est qui 
fraudationts causa latuisse dicat? Cic. 

9. latito, t: Cic.: v. WITHDRAW, 

CONCEAL ONESELF, 

absconding: latitatio: Quint.: Ulp. 

absence: |. 4 not being present : 
absentia: compare your ab. with 
mine, confer absentiam tuam cum mea, 
Cic. ||, A being abroad: péregrinatio: 
Cic. =f. Fig.: ab. of mind, *animus 
parum attentus, aliudagens. Phr.: in 
the ab. of a person, aliquo absente, not 
in absentia or per absentiam alicujus, 
though these phrases occur in Curtius 
and Justin: in the ab. of him who held 
the chief command, eo absente qui sum- 
mam imperii tenebat, Caes.: in the 
ab. of the commander-in-chief, absente 
imperatore, Caes. 

absence, leave of: comméatus, ts: 
to give leave of absence, commeatum 
dare, Liv.: v. FURLOUGH. 

absent: absens, entis: ab. friends 
are (in one sense) present, and poor ones 
rich, et ab. amici adsunt, et egentes 
abundant, Cic.: she, thowyh ab., both 
jears and sees him in his absence, illum 
absens absentem auditque videtque, 
Virg.: Phr.: the ab. are always in the 
wrong, *absentium nulla ratio. 

absent, to be: absum, abfui: am I 
ab. from home? (i. e. have I refused to 
see you?), num ab domo absum? PI.; 
when masters are ab., domini ubi ab. 
Ter.: I am sorry that you have been 
ab. from us so long, ego te abfuisse 
tam diu a nobis doleo, Cic. Phr. 
(poet.): I have been ab. the whole of 
August, Sextilem totum desideror, Hor. : 
to be absent from Rome, Roma carere, 
Cic.: from one’s country, patria carere, 
Tac. |j. Zo be abroad, péregrinor, 1: 
to be ab. in a foreign state, in aliena 
civitate p., Cic. [|], Fig.: to be ab. in 
mind, animo (animis) non adsum (aff.): 
so that you might perceive that he was 
ab. in mind when the cause was con- 
ducted by others, ut intelligeretis eum 
non affuisse animo quum ab aliis causa 
ageretur, Cic. 

absent oneself: v. BE ABSENT: non 
comparéo, 2: suspici was roused 
against those slaves who ab.'d them- 
selves, suspicio in eos servos qui non 
comparebant commovebatur, Cic. 


4 





ABSORB 
absentee: |. One temporarily 
ab., qui abest, qui non adest. Il. 


One who is habitually absent from his 
proper residence or from his country, 
péregrinator: Cic. ‘ 
absinth, absinthium: Pl.: Lucr.; 
lin. 
absolute: |. Unconditional: 1, 
purus: an ab. decision, p. judicium, 
Cic.: ab. freedom, p. libertas, Scaev. 
9. absolitus: J seem to see that 
some necessities are contingent, others 
simple and ab., mihi videor videre esse 
quasdam cum adjunctione necessitu- 
dines, quasdam simplices et ab., Cic. : 
a true and ab. gift, vera et ab. donatio, 
Paul. Dig. |]. Uncontrolled (v. also, 
SUPREME): Phr.: ab. power, infinita 
potestas, Cic.: inf. imperium, Cic.: 
dominatus, is: all things were in the 
ab. power of one man, dominatu unius 
omnia tenebantur, Cic.: L. Brutus freed 
the Roman people from the ab. power of 
kings, L. Brutus populum R. dominatu 
regis liberavit, Cic.: also, déminatio: 
Cic.: Liv.: tyrannis, idis,f.: to seize upon 
ab. power, tyrannidem occupare, Cic.: 
to aim at ab. power, tyrannidem affec- 
tare, Quint.: an ab. master or ruler, 
ddminus: he is the ab. ruler of a people 
whom the Greers call a tyrant, hic est 
dominus populi quem Graeci tyrannum 
vocant, Cic. Ill. Complete, entire: 
q. Vv. IV. Unconnected (gram. ft. t.): 
*absdliitus. 
absolutely : |. Unconditionally : 
1, praecisé: to refuse anyone ab., 
alicui praecisé negare, Cic.: not ab., but 
on condition, non praecise, sed sub con- 
ditione, Ulp. 2. pure: a contract 
is made ab., p. contrahitur, Ulp.: nor 
does it make any difference whether the 
house has been bequeathed to both ab., or 
to one of them conditionally, nec inte- 
rest p. utrique an sub conditione alteri 
aedes legatae sint, Papin. Phin: 
some kinds of lawsuits are considered 
simply and ab., others involve some 
other sort of discussion also, quaedam 
genera causarum simpliciter et ex sua 
vi considerantur; quaedam autem sibi 
aliud quoque aliquod  controversiae 
genus assumunt, Cic. [|], Completely : 
1, prorsum, prorsus: J understand 
ab. nothing, prorsum nihil intelligo, 
Ter.: I understand ab. not a word, ver- 
bum prorsus nullum intelligo, Cic. 2, 
pénitus: v. ENTIRELY. 8. liquido: 
there are some things which I usually 
ab. deny, others which I defend, alia 
sunt quae l. negare soleam, alia quae 
defendam, Cic. IIL. Without control : 
Phr.: to rule ab., ddminor, 1: excessive 
power rules ab. in the state, nimia po- 
tentia in civitate dominatur, Cic.: Cae- 
sar alone ab. managed all public affairs, 
Caesar unus omnia in republica ad ar- 
bitrium administravit, Suet. 
absolution: |. Acquittal: q. v. 
||. In special sense 5 forgiveness of 
sins, as announced by a priest; esp. the 
Pope : absolitio, Onis, f.: Eccl. Phr.: a 
pontifical letter of a., absolitoriae litérae 
papae, Eccl. : also indulgentia papae, i.e., 
a release from eccles. penalties, M.L. : 
to seele or obtain absolution, *indulgenti- 
am petere, impetrare. 
absolve: |. To release, acquit: 
q. Vv. I]. Zo pronounce forgiveness, 
as a priest: *veniam peccatorum dare 
or impertire alicui: to be absolved, *pec- 
catorum veniam impetrare (v. FORGIVE- 
NESS): in mediaeval Lat. absolvo is used 
absolutely. 
absorb: |. To drink in, as a 
porous substance,etc. 1, bibo, bibi, 3: 
to ab. smoke, fumum b., Hor.: of wools, 
the black abs. no colour, lanarum nigrae 
nullum colorem b., Plin. 2. com- 
bibo, 3: to abs. fell poison in one’s body, 
atrum venenum corpore c., Hor.: the 
altar had a.’d the blood, ara cruorem com- 
biberat,Ov. 3, concipio, cépi, ceptum 
3, (poet.): the moistened earth ab.s the 
falling tears, madefacta terra caducas 
c. lacrimas, Ov.: Lucr. Il. To drink 
or swallow up: haurio, absorbeo, com- 
bibo, Ebibo. v, TO SWALLOW UP. Ul. 





Fig.: to engrvoss. 1, absorbeo, bui and 
psi, ptum, 2. this man is ab.d by the 
love of glory (lit. the tide of glory has 
swalloved him up), hune absorbuit 
aestus gloriae, Cic. Q, téneo, ui, ntum, 
2: to a. any one completely, aliquem 
totum t., Plin. ep.: unless perchance a 
man is a.’d by passion, nisi forte quem 
libido t., Sall. Phr.- this pursuit be- 
comes more and more a.ing every day, 
hoc studium quotidie ingravescit, Cic. : 
thinking of some trifle or other and a.’d 
therewith, nescio quid meditans nu- 
garum, totus in illis, Hor. 

absorbent (adj.): bibiilus: a. sand, 
arena b., Lucr.: a. stone, b. lapis, Virg. 

absorbent (subs.):* absorbens, ntis, 
n.: M.L. 


absorption: expr. by part. of verb: 
as, by the a. of smoke, colour, moisture, 
fumum, colorem, humorem bibendo: v. 
TO ABSORB. 
abstain: _ 1, abstinéo, iii, tentum, 2 
(usu. with abl., rarely gen.; and often 
with pron. reflect.): I easily a.’d from 
oysters and lampreys, me ostreis et 
muraenis facile abstinebam, Cic.: to @. 
From arms, se armis abs., Liv.: to a. 
Srom injustice, injuria abs., Cic.: to a. 
Srom wine, vino abs., Hor.: a., he said, 
Srom resentments and heated strife, 
abstineto, dixit, irarum  calidaeque 
rixae, Hor.: toa. from suicide, manum 
a se abs., Cic.: they hardly a. from 
attacking the camp, aegre abs. quin 
castra oppugnent, Liv.—N.B. The Latin, 
like the English verb, is sometimes 
used absolutely in the sense of “to 
abstain from food ;” Cels.: v. TO FAST. 
2. parco, péperci and parci, par- 
citum and parsum, 3 (to spare: with 
dat.): to a. from labour, labori p., Cic. : 
to a. from war, bello p., Virg. ay 
tempéro: v. REFRAIN, 
abstemious: abstémius with gen, 
(properly denoting abstinence from in- 
toxicating drinks, as mulieres vini ab- 
stemiae, Plin.): you being a. live upon 
herbs and the sea-nettle, a. herbis vivis 
et urtica, Hor.: being abs. he avoids 
wine, and delights in pure water, vina 
fugit, gaudetque meris a. undis, Ov, : 
V. MODERATE, TEMPERATE. 
abstemiously: no exact word: to 
live a., *parce et omissa palati volup- 
tate vivere ; summa in victu continentia 
uti: Vv. ABSTEMIOUSNESS: may some- 
times be expr. by adj.: see ABSTE- 
MIOUS (init.). 
abstemiousness: nearest expr., 
continentia in victu (i.e. temperance in 
diet), Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97: but this re- 
quires to be strengthened to expr. the 
English, as, * nimia, summa, austera in 
victu c. Or expr. by phr.: as, he was 
remarkable for his a., *prae omnibus 
cibi ac potus abstemius erat. 
abstinence: |. In gen. sense, 
refraining from: best expr. by inf. 
mood: as, a. from injury is always a 
duty, *injuria abstinere semper oportet - 
v. to ABSTAIN. [I]. Abstaining from 
food. 1, inédia. to commit suicide by 
a. from jood, inedia vitam finire, Plin. 
Kp. 3,7, 1: Cic. Fin. 5, 27, extr. Q, ab- 
stinentia: to relieve fever by rest and 
a., febrem quiete et a, mitigare, Quint. 
(Cie. would probably have added victiis). 
3, jéjanium: v. FASTING. 
abstinent: abstinens, entis (i. e. 7e- 
Sraining from all wrong gratification 
of the passions): Phr.: tt is noble to be 
abs., to restrain all one’s desires, esse ab- 
stinentem, continere omnes cupiditates, 
praeclarum est, Cic. 
abstinently;: 1. abstinenter (i.e. 
uprightly and purely): Cic. oe 
continenter: Vv, TEMPERATELY, 
abstract (°-.): |. To separate 
From. 1. abstrabo, xi, ctum, 3. the 
soul a.s. itself as much as possible 
From the body, animus quam maxime 
se a corpore a., Cic. 9, abdiico, xi, 
ctum, 3: Vv. TO DRAW OFF, SEPARATE. 
I]. Phil. t. t.: to consider a notion 
in itself, apart from the concrete: co- 
gitatione aliquid ab aliqua re separare, 
Cic.. acie mentis a consuetudine sen- 





ABSTRACT 


suum abducta aliquid considerare (based 
on Cic.). Il]. Zo filch away, to steal: 
q. v. V. To make an abridgement 
of a book: v.10 ABRIDGE. 

abstract (adj.): J, Mentally se- 
parated: |, cogitatione a re singulari 
separatus (comp. to abstract). 2, ab- 
stractus: abs. quantity, a. quantitas, 
Isid. Phr.: the idea of God is a., 
not sensible, species Dei percipitur cogi- 
tatione, non sensu, Cic.: an a. notion, 
*notio cogitatione concepta et rebus par- 
ticularibus sejuncta; or simply as t. t., 
Notio abstracta (v. 2). 

abstract (subs.): Vv. ABRIDGEMENT. 

abstractedly: Phr.: these things 
differ abs. from one another, but are 
closely connected in reality, haec cogi- 
tatione inter se differunt, re quidem 
copulata sunt, Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 24. 

abstraction: |. Withdrawal in 
gen. sense; expr. by part of verb: v. TO 
agstracr. fj, Phil. t. t. the act of 
contemplating a quality or notion in il- 
self: usu. expr. by part of verb: as, the 
power of a., *lacultas ea mentis cujus 
ope per se et seorsum a rebus singulari- 
dus, notiones s, qualitates consideran- 
tur: or in tech. language, *abstrahendi 
quae dicitur facultas. Phr.: mental 
abstraction, velut alienatus ab sensu 
animus, Liv. 2, 12. 

abstruse: 1, abstrisus: a some- 
what a. discussion, disputatio paulo ab- 
strusior, Cic. 9. réconditus: a. and 
laboriously arrived at opinions, r. ex- 
quisitaeque sententiae, Cic.: a.learning, 
reconditae litterae, Cic.: V. KECONDITE, 

8. obsciirus: v. opscurRE. Juin: 

reconditus et penitus abstrusus, Cic. 

abstrusely: Phr.: to speak a., 
*abstrusis atque alte repetitis sententiis 
dicere. 

abstruseness: obsciritas: the a. 
of the subject, not the obscurity of lan- 
guage, prevents the discourse from being 
understood, rerum obs. non verborum 
facit ut non intelligatur oratio, Cic.: 
Vv. OBSCURITY. 

absurd: 1, absurdus : a silly and 
a. reason, ratio inepta aique a., Ter.. 
that (statement) how incredible, how a.! 
illud quam incredibile, quam a.! Cic.: 
very absurd, pérabsurdus: these things 
seem very a., haec videntur p., Cic.- 
somewhat absurd, sibabsurdus. Cic. : 
Quint. Join. absurdus homo, res, 
vox, sonus, factum, tempus: absonum 
et absurdum: incredibile et absurdum, 
Cic. Q. ineptus: v. SILLY. 8. in- 
sulsus (prop insipid): a most a. fel- 
low: insulsissimus homo, Cat.: there 
seem to be many a. things in the dis- 
course, multa in sermone in. esse vi- 
dentur, Cic. 4, ridictilus: an a. 
poem, r. poema, Hor.: v. RIDICULOUS. 

absurdity : |. Want of sense or 
judgment : 1, ineptia: abs., folly, 
ineptia, stultitia, Pl.: Ter. 2. in- 
sulsitas: you are well acquainted with 
the a. of the Greeks, nostis insulsitatem 
Graecorum, Cic. |], An absurd thing; 
Ineptia: esp. in pl.: I don’t know that 
of all a.s there is any greater, omnium 
in. haud scio an ulla sit major, Cic. 
Phr.: what absurdity! ridiculum! 
Ter. : inepte sane, Cic. 

absurdly: 1, absurdé: J know 
not how it is that nothing can be said so 
a. as not to be advanced by some of the 
philosophers, nescio quomodo, nihil tam 
a. dici potest, quod non dicatur ab ali- 
quo philosophorum, Cic.: somewhat a., 
subabsurdé : Cic. 2. inepté: to telk 
a., in. dicere, Cic.: he attempts nothing 
a., nil molitur in., Hor. 3. insulsé: 
to speak a., in. dicere, Cic. Phr.: to 
talk a., nugas agere, Ter.: obtusius 
dicere, Cic.: v. NONSENSE. 

abundance: 1, abundantia: a. 
and plenty of all things, omnium rerum 
a. et copia, Cic.; a. of love, a. amoris, Cic. 

2. copia (less strong than preced- 

ing: V. SUPPLY): there was a great a. 
of robbersin that country, magnac. erat 
latronum in ea regione, Sall.: a. of 
matter begets a. of words, rerum c. ver- 
borum c. gignit, Cic. 3. Abundé 


ABUSE 


(prop. an adv.): a. of provisions, com- 
meattis abunde, Sall.: there is a. of 
fraud, fraudis a. est, Virg. 4, affa- 
tim (prop. an adv.; or as two words, 
ad fatim, to satisfy to a sufficient de- 
gree: with gen.): there isa. of wealth, 
divitiarum aff. est, Pl.: a. of forces, 
aff. copiarum, Liv. (Obs. Neither this 
hor the preceding word can become the 
direct object of a wans. verb: Vv. ABUN- 
DANTLY), 5, affliientia: a. of all 
things, omnium rerum aff., Cic.: Plin. 
Phr.: to have a, of all things, omnibus 
rebus abundare, affluere, refertum esse, 
etc.: V.TO ABOUND: @. of moisture in 
soil and sky, multus humor terrarum 
coelique, Tac.: in c., Abundé, affatim, 
etc.: V. ABUNDANTLY. 
abundant: 1, largus: a. fodder, 
1. pabula, Lucr.: when the sun has filled 
the lands with a. light, qaum sol terras 
1, luce compleverit, Cic.: an a. harvest, 
1. messis, Ov.: a. produce, 1. fetus, 
Virg. 2, amplus (i.e. ample, spa- 
cious: Q.V.): a. wealth, a. divitiae, 
Hor.: more a, waters, ampliores aquae, 
Plin. 8. bénignus: v. LIBERAL. 
4, ciimiilatus (lit. heaped up): a 
measure, mensura ¢.,Cic,: more a.glory, 
gloria cumulatior, Liv. §, fecundus 
(v. FRUITFUL): a. cups, f. calices, Hor. : 
a. gain, f. quaestus, Cic.: an a. spring, 
fons f., Ov. 6, grandis, e (usu. full- 
grown): more a. produce, fetus gran- 
diores, Cic. 7, Opimus: a, wealth, op 
divitiae, Pl.: a. and splendid booty, op- 
et praeclaram praedam, Cic.: Virg.+ v. 
RICH. Phr., to possess a. talent, art, 
etc., multi ingenii, multae artis esse, 


Cie. 
abundant, be: supéro, 1: was 
money a.? Nay, you were needy, pec- 
unia superabat? at egebas, Cic.: y. TO 
ABOUND. 
abundantly, in abundance: 1. 
abundanter: to speak copiously and a., 
copiose et a. loqui, Cic.: to bear fruit 
a., fructum a. ferre, Plin. 2, abundé 
a. to satisfy, a. satisfacere, Cic.: to 
whose lot fall popularity, fame, in a., 
cui gratia, fama contingit a., Hor.- Sall. 
3, affatim : to satisfy anyone a., alicui 
af. satisfacere, Cic.: to provide supplies 
a., commeatum af. parare, Sall. 4, 
afflienter: Apul.: comp. affluentius, 
Cic.. Tac. 5, copidsé: to procure 
food a., c. comparare pastum, Cic. 6, 
cumulate (i.e. with heaped or overflow- 
ing measure): the farmers of the re- 
venue have been a. satisfied, c. publi- 
canis satisfactum, Cic.: to satisfy any- 
one most a., alicui cumulatissime satis- 
facere, Cic. J, féliciter (esp. of fruit- 
ful production): grapes are produced 
more a., veniunt felicius uvae, Virg. 
8, large: to give a., 1. dare, Cic.- 
having drunk too a., potus largius 
aequo, Hor. 
abuse (verb): |, To use badly, 
misuse ; abitor, sus, 3 (with abl.) : to 
a. the laws, legibus a., Cic.: to a. any- 
one’s patience, alicujus patientia a., Cic. 
|]. Zo violate: abitor, illido, com- 
primo. v. TO VIOLATE. pe Toy re- 
vile: 1, malédico (with dat.): v. ro 
REVILE, Q. lacéro, 1: to a. a@ very 
excellent man with insulting language, 
optimum virum verborum contumeliis 
lL, Cic.: to a. poems, carmina l., Ov. 
3. différo, distiili, dilatum, 3. irr.: 
slanderously to a. any one, aliquem 
maledicendo sermonibus d., Lucil.: 
Tac.: Vv. TO DEFAME. 
abuse (subs.): |, Wrongful using: 
expr. by inf. or ger. of abiitor: as, 
such a use of the laws ts an a. of them, 
*legibus ita uti est abuti. by the a. of 
the laws, *legibus abutendo. v. To 
ABUSE. I]. A corrupt practice: per- 
versus mos, moris: unless, perchance, 
you are able by an a. to take from my 
client what belongs to him, nisi forte tu, 
p. more, quod hujus est, huic eripere 
potes,Cic. |||. Reproachful language: 
1, contiimélia: to annoy a person 
with every kind of a., aliquem omnibus 
c. vexare, Cic. 2. malédictum: v. 
REVILING, 3. probrum: v. INSULT. 


ACCENT 





IV. Perversion of meaning: dépra- 
vatio: the defender complains that he 
is hard pressed, not by the fact, but by 
the a. of a word, defensor non re sed d 
verbi se urgeri queritur, Cic.: Auct, 
Her. 

abuser: |, In gen. sense: as, 
the a. of friendship, qui amicitia abuti- 


tur: v. TO ABUSE, Il. A reviler, 
slanderer: q. V. 
abusive: 1. contiimélidsus- how 


a.inhis edicts ! quam = in edictis! Cic. : 
letters a. against any one, epistolae in 
aliquem c., Cic. 2. malédicens, 
malédicus- v. SCURRILOUS, Phr.. 
a. eloquence, eloquentia canina, Quint. 

abusively: 1, contiimélidsé: to 
speak ab. of the absent, de absentibus c. 
dicere, Cic.: Liv. 2. mialédicé: to 
speak ab. and spitefully, m. ac maligne 
loqui, Liv.: Cic. 

abut: V. TO ADJOIN, BORDER ON. 

abutment (of a bridge) . *pila cui 
anpititur extrema pars pontis. 

abutting ; conterminus (with dat.): 
a@ house ab. on our land, domus terrae 
c. nostrae, Ov.: v. ADJOINING. 

abyss: 1, barathrum (poet.): the 
glowing a. (of Etna), candens b., Sil.: the 
Srightful a, (of Tartarus), immane b., 
Virg.: Pl. Fig.: to throw into an 
d. (i.e. squander) whatever you possess, 
barathro donare quidquid habes, Hor. 
2. gurges, itis, m. (prop. a raging a., 
a whirlpool): the turbid a. seethes with 
mire, turbidus coeno aestuat g., Virg.- 
Jrom the deep a., g. ab alto, Virg. . often 
used fig.: to pour one’s wealth into an 
utlerly bottomless a, of lusts, divitias 
in profundissimum libidinum g. pro- 
fundere, Cic.: that a. (i.e. profligate 
spendthrift), and glutton, ille g. atque 
heluo, Cic. 8. profundum (fig.)-. 
blame nature, which, as Democritus 
says, has utterly concealed truth in an 
a., Naturam accusa, quae in profundo 
veritatem, ut ait Democritus, penitus 
abstruserit, Cic.: an a. of wretchedness, 
p. miseriarum, Val. Max. 4, vorago, 
inis, f. (a devouring a.): the horse sunk 
in the a.s, submersus est equus voragi- 
nibus, Cic.: Virg. Fig.: an a. or 
gulf of vices, vorago aut gurges vilti- 
orum, Cic. 

acacia: acacia Plin. 

academic: |, Belonging to the 
Academy of Plato: academicus, Cic. : 
the A. philosophy, Académia, Cic.. an 
A. philosopher, Academicus, Cic. IL. 
Belonging to any learned society: aca- 
demicus: an a. dress, *habitus a.: an 
a. senate, Senatus academicus. 

academically : *Academicorum 
more or ritu; *ut solent Academici. 

academician : @ member of an 
Academy, vir in collegium doctorum 
cooptatus (cf. Cic. Brut. 1,1) acade- 
miae sodalis or socius. 


academy : |. The Academy at 
Athens, Académia : Cic.. Liv Il. 4 
school, schéla liidus: v. SCHOOL. Ib 


A society of learned men: V. SOCIETY: 
the Royal Academy, *regia pictorum 
societas, or collegium: the academy of 
sciences, *academia liberalium artium. 

acatalectic: Acitalecticus or ac&ta- 
lectus: Diom.. Prise. 

accede: v. TO 
JOIN. 

accelerate: 1. accéléro, 1: to 
a.a march, iter a., Caes. 2. appro- 
péro, 1: to ac. death, mortem ac.: Tac. 

acceleration: accélératio: Auct. 
Her.: or expr. by part of verb (v. To 
ACCELERATE): as, it causes an a. of 
motion, *efficit ut motus acceleretur: 
an ac, of motion is inevitable, *fieri non 
potest quin motus celeritas augeatur: 
etc. v. HASTE, HASTENING. 

accent (subs.) |. In speaking, 

1, vox, vocis, f., sénus, i, or vocis 
sénus: nature itself has placed an 
acute a. on every word, ipsa natura in 
omni verbo posuit acutam vocem, Cic. : 
acute and grave a.s, acutae gravesque 
v., Cic.: the three a.s, the circumflex, 
the acute, the grave, tres s., inflexus, 
acutus, gravis, Cic. 92, ténor, Oris. 
5 


AGREE, ASSENT} 


ACCENT 


ACCESSIBLE 


ACCIDENT 











Quint.: Diom. 8. tonus, i: Diom. 

4, accentus, tis: an acute ac., ac. 
acutus, Diom.: a grave ac., ac. gravis, 
Diom.: @ circumflex ac., ac. circum- 
fiexus ar inflexus, Diom.: words of this 


kind are disiinguished by difference of 


@.s, voces hujuscemodi diversitate ac- 
centuum separantur, Gell. (The follow- 
ing passage from Gellius, 13, 6, contains 
various synonymes for accent: quas 
Graeci mposwéias dicunt, eas veteres 
docti tum notas vocum, tum modera- 
menta, tum accentiunculas, tum vocu- 
lationes appellabant). I]. An accen- 
tual mark in writing: cactimen, inis, 
n., or fastigium : Capeli. (Che term apex 
is used by Quint. to denote quantity 
marks employed to distinguish words 
otherwise written alike; as malus and 
malus, etc.). I]. 4 peculiar tone in 
speaking, the a. peculiar to a people, 
sonus, i: they have preserved the a. of 
the Greek language, s. linguae Graecae 
integrum servaverunt, Liv.: a rude ac- 
cent, soni asperitas, Tac.: a country 
accent, soni rusticitas, Quint.: rather a 
country accent, s. subrusticus, Cic. 
Phr.: poets born at Cordova having a 
certain broad and foreign a., Cordubae 
nati poétae pingue quiddam sonantes et 
peregrinum, Cic.: to have quite a coun- 
try a., sonare subagreste quiddam pla- 
neque subrusticum, Cic. IV. Lan- 
guage, expressions, q. Vv. 

accent (verb). j. In speaking, 
acuo, 3: to accent a syllable, syllabam 
acuere, Quint. : Gell. Also, certum vocis 
admovere sonum, Cic. Or. 17, 55. il. 
In writing: fastigo,1: Mart. Cap.: *ap- 
ponere syllabae notam. 

accentuate: v. ACCENT. 

accentuation: |. In speaking: 
accentus, Us: Quint. |], The marking 
of accents in writing: expr. by part 
of verb (Vv. TO ACCENT): very careful in 
the a. of syllables, * in syllabis acuendis 
diligentissimus. 

accept: [. To take what is offered 
or given:  ], accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: 
to a. money, pecuniam a., Cic.: whatever 
has been given openly and rightly by 
him, I have willingly a.’d, ab illo aperte 
recte quicquid est datum, libenter 
accepi, Cic. to accept terms from an 
enemy in arms, ab hoste armato con- 
ditionem a., Caes.: to a. an apology, a. 
excusationem, Cic.; satisfactionem a., 
Caes.: to a. an omen, omen a., Cic. : 
Liv.: the republic has a’d me as surety 
for the young man, me pro adoles- 
centulo respublica accepit vadem, Cic. : 
to a. often, or habitually, accepto, 1: 
Pl.: Quint. 9. récipio, cépi, etc. 3: 
to a. flattery and be pleased with it, 
assentationem r. atque ea delectari, 
Cic.: I am excluded, he is a.’d, ego 
excludor, ille recipitur, Ter.: v. TO 
RECEIVE. Phr.: not to a. batile, 
plugnam detrectare, Liv. ; certamen de- 
trectare, Tac.; proelium detrectare, 
Just.: to a. an office, munus suscipere, 
Cic.: v. UNDERTAKE. Il. Zo regard 
with favour ; v. TO FAVOUR. Ill. Zo 
understand in a particular sense; v. 
TO UNDERSTAND. 

acceptable: 1, acceptus (with 
da:.): Divitiacus was a. to the common 
people, Divitiacus plebi a. erat, Caes. : 
Romulus was by far the most a. of all 
to the feelings of the soldiers, Romulus 
longe ante alios acceptissimus militum 
animis fuit, Liv.: nothing is more a. to 
God than the meetings and assemblages 
of men, nihil est Deo acceptius quam 
concilia coetusque hominum, Cic. OF} 
gratus (with dat.): whose services, al- 
though they have often been more plea- 
sant to me, were never yet more a., cujus 
officia jucundiora licet saepe mihi fue- 
rint, nunquam tamen gratiora, Cic.: 
how many have thought it pious and 
most a. to the gods to sacrifice human 
beings ! quam multi homines immolare 
et pium et diis gratissimum esse dux- 
erunt! Cic.: the ivy ts most a. to Bac- 
chus, hedera est gratissima Baccho, Ov. : 
very a., pergratus, Cic,: v. AGREEABLE, 
at and foll. art.—NoTe. dc- 








ceptus stands to gratus in the same re- 
lation as an effect to a cause. He who 
is gratus, that is dear to me, is for that 
reason acceptus ; I accept or veceive him 
with pleasure. Hence we always find 
gratum atque acceptum: never the 
contrary order. Quod approbaris, id 
gratum acceptumque habendum, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 15, 45: munus eorum gratum 
acceptumque esse, Nep. Hann. 7. 


acceptable, be: placeo: v. 


PLEASE. 

—, make, probo, 1 (with 
dat. of person to whom): to make my 
services a. to P.Servilius, officium meum 
P. Servilio p., Cic.: im which embassy 
Ligarius made himself a. both to his 
countrymen and to the allies, qua in 
legatione Ligarius et civibus et sociis se 
probavit, Cic. 

acceptableness : 
NESS, PLEASANTNESS. 
acceptably: ex (alicujus) sententia : 
V. SATISFACTORILY. 
acceptance: |. The act of ac- 
cepting, acceptio: neither a surrender 
nor a gift can be understood without a., 
neque deditio neque donatio sine a. 
inteiligi potest, Cic.: a. of bail, satis 
acceptio (or as one word, satisacceptio), 
Pomp. Dig. |]. Approval, q. v. ap- 
probatio: Cic. I]. 4 written promise 
to pay: V. BILL. 
acceptation: v.- 
MEANING. 
accepter : qui accipit : an ac. of per- 
sons, acceptor personarum, Eccl.: a 
female ac., acceptrix, icis: Pl. 
access: |. Lit. approach, or the 
way by which a thing may be ap- 
proached: and Fig. liberty or means 
of approach : 1, Aditus, is: he has 
been more difficult of a., a. ad eum diffi- 
ciliores fuerunt, Cic.: men are not 
allowed a. into that shrine, a. in id 
sacrarium non est viris, Cic. : merchants 
have no a, to them, nullus a. est ad eos 
mercatoribus, Caes. Fig.: a. to the 
consulship, a. ad consulatum, Cic. 
2. accessus, tis: to give or deny @., 
a, dare, negare, Ov.: to examine every 
means of a., omnem a. lustrare, Virg. : 
explorare, Suet. 8. via: to this 
highest excellence the a, is most easy, 
hujus summae virtutis facillima est 
via, Quint.: v. WAY. Phr.: Without 
a., invius (Vv. IMPASSABLE, INACCES- 
SIBLE): to open up a. to a country, 
make it accessible (q.v.), regionem 
aperire, Liv.: Tac.: prizes to which 
mercenaries have a., praemia quae 
stipendiariis patent, Cic, (v. TO BE 
ACCESSIBLE) : a pilfering slave who has 
a. to everything, furax servus cui nibil 
sit occlusum, Cic.(v. TO LOCK UP). If. 
Return or fit of fever, accessus, Us, 
Plin.: accessio, Cels.: impétus, iis, Cic. : 
tentatio, Cic. Phr.: he had only one 
access of fever, febris semel tantum ac- 
cessit, Cels. 
accessibility ; facilitas (wh. in- 
cludes all forms of cowrteousness: q. V.) 
with some qualifying word: as, f. adits 
s. adeundi. Phr.: he showed ready 
a., conspicuous courtesy, aditus (ejus) 
prompti (erant), obvia comitas, Tac. 
(Accessibilitas in Tert.) 
accessible : |. Of places: that 
can be reached. Phr.: an ac. place, 
locus qui facilem habet aditum, Caes. 5 
*ad quem patet, facilis est, aditus (™ 
ACCESS, 1). Fig.: pervius: nothing in 
his house was venal or a. to undue in- 
fluence, nihil in penatibus suis venale 
aut ambitioni pervium, Tac. I]. Of 
persons: easy of access, affable: facilis 
(V. AFFABLE) ; or phr.:; ad quem facilis 
est aditus (Vv. ACCESS): qui facile dat 
sui conveniendi copiam: comp. Cic. 
Phil. 8, 10: homo obvius et expositus, 
Plin. Ep.: a man who is not a., homo 
rari aditiis, Liv. (Accessibilis in Tert.) 
——,, to be: patéo, 2: not 
even to flight was there a place a., ne 
fugae quidem patebat locus, Liv. : our 
advantages are a. to the plebeians also, 
mediae quoque commoda plebi nostra 
patent, Ov. Phr,: nor ts the place 


TO 





Vv. AGREEABLE- 


ACCEPTANCE, 





a. to the winds, quo neque ventis est 
aditus, Virg.: v. ACCESS. 

accessible, to render: aperio, wi, 
Spertum, 4: they rendered the world a, 
by their army, aperuerunt armis orbem 
terrarum, Liv.: to render nations and 
kings a., gentes ac reges a., Tac. 

accession: |, Zhe act of joining: 
usu. expr. by verb: as, because their 
a. to our alliance had been voluntary 
quia societatem nostram volentes acces- 
serant, Tac.: your a. to our party, *quod 
in partes nostras transgressus es (trans- - 
listi). |]. A coming to power, regui 
principium, Liv.: regni initia, n. pl., 
Just. Phr.: on his a. to the throne, 
ex quo regnum accessisset, Liv.: ut 
regnare coepit, Liv.: im the year of 
Tarquin’s a. to the throne, auno ex quo 
regnare coeperat Tarquinius, Liv. If. 
Increase : 1, accessio: accessions of 
fortune and dignity, accessiones fortu- 
nae et dignitatis, Cic. 2, cimilus: 
you will have enhanced your great 
kindness by a great a., magnum bene- 
ficium tuum magno c. auxeris, Cic. 
Phr.: thus two kings in succession in 
different ways, the former by war, the 
latter by peace, brought a.s to the state, 
ita duo deinceps reges, alius alia via, 
ille bello, hic pace, civitatem auxerunt, 
Liv.: v. TO INCREASE. 

accessory (adj.): |, Additional. 

hr.: a. circumstances, adjuncta, 
orum : Cic.: the ornamental accessories 
of a work of art, illa quae in orna- 
mentum operis accedunt, Quint. 3, 3, 6. 

Il. Privy to (of crimes) : , 

conscius (with gen. or dat.) : he thought 
that C. Fabricius had been a, to that 
crime, C. Fabricium conscium illi faci- 
nori fuisse arbitrabatur, Cic. Q. par- 
ticeps, ipis (with gen.): V. ACCOMPLICE, 

accessory (subs.): 1, auctor (either 
in good or bad sense: one who moves or 
instigates to): an a, to the crime was 
not wanting, auctor facinori non deerat, 
Liv.: Caes. 2. affinis, is (a party 
to; implicated in: with gen. or dat.): 
if you think that there are few a.s to 
this crime you are greatly mistaken, 
huic facinori si paucos putatis a. esse, 
vehementer erratis, Cic.: an a. to a@ 
capital offence, rei capitalis affinis, Cic. 

3. conscius (privy to: with gen. or 

dat.) : they had condemned both Scaman- 
der, the agent of Oppianicus, and Fabri- 
cius, the a. to the crime, et Scamandrum, 
ministrum Oppianici, et Fabricium, c. 
maleficii, condemnarant, Cic. 

———, the being: conscientia : 
the being a. to crimes of this kind, con- 
scientiae ejusmodi facinorum, Cic. Clu. 
20, 56: he has convicted himself of 
the same crime, being a., eodem se con- 
scientiae scelere devinxit, Cic. Coel. 


21, 52. 

accidence: grammatices élémenta, 
Quint. 1, 4, 6. 

accident: |. An unforeseen or 


inexplicable event : casus, is: he looked 
for no a. of this kind, nullum hujus- 
modi c. respectabat, Caes.: an a. pre- 
vented me from doing that, id c. quidam 
ne facerem impedivit, Cic.: usu. am un 
lucky event: if any a. should send the 
boy to Orcus, si quis c. puerum egerit 
Orce, Hor.: @ serious a., gravis ¢., Cic. 
Il. Chance: q.v.: esp. in phr. by 
ident: v. ACCIDENTALLY. Phr.: 
the enemy commit the affair to the 
chapter of a.s, hostes rem in casum 
ancipitis eventus committunt, Liv.: 
by a lucky accident, forte fortuna, Pl. 
[I]. 4 non-essential property : 
accidens, entis, n.: the a.s of things, 
rerum accidentia, Quint.: to indicate 
genus, as animal; or differentia, as 
rational; or a., as an orator, genus 
significare, ut animal; aut differentiam, 
ut rationale ; aut a., ut orator, Apul. de 
syli.: the a.s of each substance, acci- 
dentia uniuscujusque substantiae, Tert. 
2, éventum (app. only in Luer.). 
whatever things are spoken of, you wil! 
see are either essential qualities or a5, 
quaecunque cluent, aut conjuncta aut 
eventa videbis, Lucr. 





ACCIDENTAL 


ACCOMPLISH 


ACCORDANCE 





accidental: |, Casual: 1, for- 
tiiitus (itus and itus) : presentiments not 
a., praesentiones non f., Cic.: Hor. 
Q. témérarius: it is not a. when 
a rich man addresses a poor one kindly, 
non t. est ubi dives blande appellat 
pauperem, Pl.: v. CASUAL, FORTUITOUS. 
||. Non-essential: _adventicius: 
what is inborn and implanted is pre- 
Served to what is derived and a., innata 
atque insita assumptis et a. antepo- 
nuntur, Cic. Top. 18, of Vv. ACCIDENT. 
accidentally : . casi (abl. of 
casus: V, ACCIDENT): to happen @., ©. 
accidere, Nep.; c. evenire, Sen.: to fall 
to the ground a., c. procidere, Tac.: v. 
BY CHANCE. 9. forté: it a. happened 
that, etc., f. evenit ut, etc., Cic.: v. TO 
CHANCE. 8. fortiiito, or fortuitu : 
the house was in a blaze not a., domus 
ardebat non fortuito, Cic.: which ex- 
pression did not, as often happens, 
escape you a., quod verbum tibi non 
excidit, ut saepe fit, fortuitu, Cic.: to fall 
a. (of lightning), fortuito cadere, Juv. : 
V. BY CHANCE, CASUALLY, AT RANDOM. 
Join: casu et fortuito, Cic.: temere et 
fortuito, Cic. 
acclamation, shouts of applause: 
1, clamor (also of any kind of 
shouting): I spoke of you with the a. 
and agreement of the people, dixi de te 
clamore consensuque populi, Cic.: the 
a. of the joyful soldiers, clamor militum 
gaudentium, Tac.: those brave men of 
ours expressed their approval of that 
act with loud as, nostri illi fortes viri 
magno illud c. approbaverunt, Cic.: 
why make a long story of it? as 
(followed), Quid multa? clamores, Cic. : 
to gain a.s, clamores facere, Cic. J oin: 
clamor et plausus (plausus is clapping 
of hands): ciamor et consensus. Phr.: 
incredibili clamore et plausu aliquid 
comprobare, Cic.: plausus et clamores 
movere, Cic.: ingenti omnium clamore 
atque assensu, Liv.: frequenti assensu 
succlamatum est, Liv. 2, acclamatio: 
the a.s of the multitude, acclamationes 
multitudinis Liv. (in Cicero always of 
eeeontion). 8, conclamatio (ge- 
neral a.): to be saluted imperator by a., 
{universi exercitus] conclamatione im- 
peratorem appellari, Caes. B. C. 2, 26. 
acclimatized, become: ad coeli, 
naturam assuescere or assuefieri: v. TO) 
BECOME ACCUSTOMED. 
acclivity : acclivitas: the a. of a hill, 
a. collis, Caes.: v. SLOPE, INCLINE. 
accommodate : |. Yo fit or 
adapt (with ad and ace. or dat.): ac- 
commodo, ©: I will a. my plan to 
yours, meum consilium accommodabo 
ad tuum, Cic.: to a. oneself to the will 
of others, ad aliorum arbitrium se a., 
Cic.: to a. the stories of the poets to 
what we are saying, fabulas poetarum 
ad ea quae dicimus a., Cic. Il. Zo 
accom oneself : 1. Sbedio, 4 
(with dat.): to a. oneself to the circum- 
stances of many, tempori multorum ob., 
Cic,  Q, servio, 4 (stronger than the 
preceding, with dat.): to a. oneself to 
the times, tempori s., Cic. 3, mori- 
géror, I (with dat.): to a. oneself to 
Slavery, servituti m., Pl.: to waive 
one’s right and a. oneself to any one, 
de suo jure concedere atque alicui m., 
Ter.; speech ought to a. itself to the 
pleasure of the ears, voluptati aurium 
m. debet oratio, Cic.: v. TO HUMOUR, 
COMPLY WITH. I]. 70 supply, fur- 
nish. 1, accommodo. 1: J beg of you 
to a. my friend in the matter of lodg- 
tng, peto a te ut amico meo de habi- 
tatione accommodes, Cic. 2. com- 
modo, 1 (with dat. of person, and usu. 
ace. of thing): an enemy a.s an enemy 
with water, aqnam hostis hosti com- 
modat, Pl.: to a. Coelius with gold, 
aurum Coelio c., Cic. . 
accommodating (adj.): 1, obsé- 
quens, entis: @ more a. mind, animus 
obsequertior, Sen. Q, facilis,e: ana. 
and generous father, f. et liberalis 
pater, Cic.: what shall T say about his 
most @ manners? quid dicam de 
moribus facillimis? Cic, 3, mori- 











gérus: to be a. to any one, alicui m. | 
esse, Pl. ; 
accommodation: |. Adaptation, 
q. V. ||. Reconciliation : compdsitio: 
I did not cease to be the adviser of an 
a., compositionis auctor esse non destiti, 
Cic. Ill. Conveniences: Phr.: we 
had excellent a. (of an inn), peroppor- 
tuno deversorio usi sumus (Cf. Cic. de 
Or. 2. 57.234): V. CONVENIENCE. IV. 
A loan of money: 1, commédum : 
Cie. 2, commddatum: Ulp. 
accompaniment (musical): Phr,: 
words which require an instrumental a., 
verba socianda chordis, Hor.: to sing 
with an a@., ad chordarum sonum cantare, 





Nep.: to sing with the a. of a flute, ad 
tibiam canere, Cic. 
accompanist; accentor: Isid. 
accompany: |. 70 go with, attend. 
1, cOmitor, or (less freq. except in 
passive) cOmito, 1. with acc. or less 
freq. with dat : having a’d them they 
left the state, comitati eos ex civitate 
excessere, Caes.: Theseus a.'d Piritho- 
us to the waters of the Styx, Pirithoum 
Theseus Stygias comitavit ad undas, Ov. 
Fig.: good fortune ad Tarquin for a 
considerable time, Tarquinio aliquam- 
diu prospera fortuna comitata est, Cic« 
Phr.: comitem esse alicui, Cic.: co- 
mitem sese praebere, Cic.: comitem se 
adjungere, Cic.: he a.’d me in all my 
journeys, comes meus fuit omnium 
itinerum, Cic.: to a. any one in his 
Slight, fugam alicujus exsequi. Cic. 
2. proséquor, séciitus, 3 (to a. for 
some distance on a journey, out of re- 
spect): to a. me setting out to Apamea, 
me proficiscentem Apameam p., Cic. : the 
embassies assembled to a. Scipio out of 
respect, legationes ad prosequendum Sci- 
pionem officii causa convenerant, Liv. : 
I wish to a. the bridegroom to the 
country, novum maritum volo rus p., Pl. 
Fig.: the dead live, so great is the 
respect of their friends that a.s them, 
mortui vivunt, tantuseos honos p. ami- 
corum, Cic.: v. TO ATTEND. 8. dé- 
duco, duxi, ductum, 3 (to a. out of re- 
spect, especially from a man’s house to 
the forum, and from the forum home): 
to a. him from home, eum domo d., Cic. : 
toa. him home,eum domum d.,Cic. — [f, 
To play an accompaniment to another 
performer. 1. aspiro, 1 (with dat.): 
the flute a.s the chorus, tibia a, choro, 
Hor. 2. concino, 3 (with dat.) : 
to a. a tragic actor while declaiming, 
tragoedo pronuntiantic., Suet. 8, mo- 
dulor, 1: the maidens stepped along 
a.ing the sound of their voice with the 
beating of their feet, virgines sonum 
vocis pulsu pedum modulantes inces- 
serunt, Liv. 4, obldquor, liciitus, 3 
(rare): he a.s the variations of the voices 
with his lute, obloquitur numeris septem 
discrimina vocum, Virg.: Ov. 5, sd- 
cio, 1: I speak words that must be a.’d 
by stringed instruments, verba loquor 
socianda chordis, Hor. 
accomplice: _ 1, conscius (with 
gen.): to bean a. in the murder, caedis 
c. esse, Sall.: to deceive without any a., 
sine ullo c. fallere, Cic.: to betray any 
one’s a.s, c. edere, Cic.: to conceal them, c. 
celare, Cic.: V.PRIVY TO. Q, particeps, 
cipis (in good or bad sense: with gen. 
or inand abl.) : ana. in the crime against 
his king, p. sceleris in suum regem, 
Curt.: you became an a. in a most 
foul conspiracy, p. factus es in tur- 
pissimo foedere, Cic.: v. PARTAKER. 
Join: socius ac particeps. 8, affinis 
pies gen. or dat.): an a. in the crime, 
acinori a., sceleris a., culpae a., Cic. 
4, popilaris, is: as im a con- 
spiracy, populares conjurationis, Sall. 
5, satelles, itis: the a.s of crimes, 
satellites scelerum, Cic.: v. ABETTER, 
ACCESSORY, . 
accomplish : |. To fulfil; to 
carry out something completely : v. To 
FULFIL, COMPLETE. [], 1n more gen. 
sense: to effect, perform, perpetrate: 
1, conficio, féci, fectum, 3: to a. 
a business, negotium c., Caes.: to a. a 
crime, scelus c., Cic.: Vv. TO FINISH. 





2. perficio, 3 (with more distinct 
ref. to the completion of the act); to ac. 
a crime, scelus p.,Cic.: to a. one’s under=- 


takings, conata p., Caes.: v. TO FINISH, 
COMPLETE, PERFORM. 3. efficio, 3: 
completely to a. a@ task, cumulate 


munus ef., Cic.: to a. crimes, facinora 


ef., Cic.: V. TO EFFECT, PERFORM. 4. 
pérago, égi, actum. 3 (esp. poet.) : to ac. 
a course, cursum, p., Virg.: Vv. TO FI- 


NISH. 9, exigo, égi, actum, 3 (mostly 
poet.): I have a’d a work, opus exegi, 
Ov.: Hor. 6, patro, 1: to a. works, 
opera p., Cic.: to a. one's promises, 
promissa p., Cic. 7. perpetro, 1: v. 
TO FINISH. 8, dbeo, ivi and ii, tum, 
4 (r.): to a.a business, negotium o., 
Cic.: Vv. TO EXECUTE, ATTEND TO. 
consummo, 1: to a. very great things, 
maximas res c., Plin.: v. TO FINISH, 
CONSUMMATE. 10, exséquor, ciitus, 
3: toa, undertakings, incepta e., Liv, : 
Cic.: v. TO EXECUTE. 

accomplished: |. Of learning: 
ériiditus: more a. in literature than 
Curvo, literis eruditior quam Curio, 
Cic.: aman not sufficiently refined by 
those sciences the masters of which are 
called a. (or the learned), homo non 
satis politus iis rebus quas qui tenent 
2. appellantur, Cic.: a. Greek scholars, 
Graecas literas eruditi, Gell.:  v. 
LEARNED, []. Of culture in general: 

1, politus: a man most a. in all 

liberal learning, vir omni liberali doc- 
trina politissimus, Cic. : an u. man, vir 
humanitate p., Cic.: a. style, p. oratio, 
Cic.: an a. lady, femina docta p.-que, 
Plin. 2. hiimanus (requiring how- 
ever, like the preceding, some defining 
word or words): a most learned and 
a. man, homo doctissimus atque buma- 
nissimus, Cic.: Vv. REFINED. I]. Of 
speech: disertus: I knew your grand- 
Sather, a most a. speaker, disertissimum 
novi avum tuum, Cic.: that most a. 
orator Lysias, disertissimus orator Ly- 
sias, Cic.: v. FINISHED. 

accomplishment : 
accomplishing : 
FINISHING, COMPLETION. 
Vv. COMPLETION. 3, exsécitio: the a. 
of an undertaken work, e. instituti 
operis, Plin. Nore: usu. best expr. 
by part of verb: as, in the a. of great 
works, in magnis rebus perficiendis: by 
the a. of this, hoc perfecto, etc.: v. TO 
ACCOMPLISH. jf, Culture, refinement; 
chiefly in pl. : htimanitas: a@ man not 
destitute of general literary acquire- 
ments and more refined a.s, homo non 
communium literarum et politioris bh. 
expers, Cic.: a. and learning, h. atque 
doctrina, Cic. 

accord (subs.) : |. Musical: v. 
CONCORD, HARMONY. Il. Consent, 
agreement : chiefly in phr. with one a, 
of one’s own @., etc. 1, sponté (abl. : 
with free will, without compulsion): I 
reply that you are acting by your own 
judgment and of your own a., respondeo 
te tuo judicio et tua s. facere, Cic.: I 
am glad that you advise me to do what 
I had of my own ac. done the day 
before, gaudeo id te mihi suadere quod 
ego mea s. pridie feceram, Cic.: the 
horses hasten of their own a., equi sua 
S. properant, Ov. 2. ultrd (adv.): 
when you wish, they do not; when you 
don’t, they of their own a. desire it, 
nolunt ubi velis; ubi nolis cupiunt u., 
Ter.: to offer anything of one’s own a., 
u. aliquid offerre, Cic.: Caes.: Virg. 
(Ultro denotes the absence of external 
solicitation, and implies that the thing 
done is more than might have been ez- 
pected; while sponte refers simply to 
freedom from compulsion.} Phr.: all 
his friends with one accord advised him 
to turn this girl out of doors forthwith, 
amici omnes uno ore auctores fuere ut 
praecipitari hanc daret, Ter.: v. AGREE- 
MENT. 


|. The act of 
confectic : v. 
2. péractio: 


accord (verb): }. Trans.: © 
grant: q. Vv. (J. Intrans.: to 
harmonize, agree: q.Vv. 

accordance with,in: 1. exor 


@ (with abl.): a thanksgiving wag 
i 


ACCORDING TO 





decreed in a. with Caesar’s despatch, 
ex literis Caesaris supplicatio decreta 
est, Caes.. in ac. with the vote of the 
Senate, ex senatus sententia, Cic.: in a. 
with our dignity, ex nostra dignitate, 
Cic. : to speak in a. with one’s real feel- 
ings, aliquid ex animo dicere, Ter. : in 
a. with custom, ex instituto, Liv.; ex 
consuetudine, Plin.: in a. with what is 
just, ex aequo, Liv. 9, de (with 
abl.): in a. with the decision of the 
council, de concilii sententia, Cic.: in a. 
with my wishes, de mea voluntate, Cic. : 
in a. with ancient custom, de more 
vetusto, Virg. (Obs. This use of de 
is somewhat rare). 3. sécundum 
(with acc.) : to live in a. with nature, 
s. naturam vivere, Cic.: in a. with the 
law I appoint two commissioners, 
duumviros s. legem facio, Liv.: v. 
AGREEABLY, CONFORMABLY. 4, pro 
(with abl.) : ¥v. ACCORDING TO. 
according to: 1, often expr. by 
the simple abl.: Caesar says that a. 
to the custom of the Roman people, he 
cannot allow any one to march through 
the province, Caesar negat se more 
populi R. posse iter ulli per provinciam 
dare, Caes.: to proceed a. to law, lege 
agere, Ter.: Cic. 9, ex or @ (with 
abl.): v. IN ACCORDANCE WITH. 3. 
pro (with abl.): to praise any one a. to 
his worth, aliquem pro dignitate lau- 
dare, Cic.: a. to one’s ability, pro virili 
parte, Cic.: a. to time and circum- 
stances, pro tempore et pro re, Caes.: I 
for my part, a. to the high esteem in 
which I hold you, will approve whatever 
you do, equidem pro eo quanti te facio, 
quidquid feceris approbabo, Cic. 4, 
ad (with acc.).: wise a. to the rule 
of those persons, ad istorum normam 
sapientes, Cic.: a. to circumstances, ad 
tempus, Cic. 5, dé (with abl.): v. 
IN ACCORDANCE WITH, 6. ut (with 
verb sum) : these indeed ought to seem 
old men a. to the age of the Roman 
people; but young men as the ages of 
the Athenrans are reckoned, hi quidem 
ut populi R. aetas est, senes; ut Athe- 
niensium secula numerantur, adoles- 
centes debent videri, Cic. , 
accordingly (adv. and conj.): — |. 
Adv.: Agreeably, conformably: q. v- 
{]. Conj.: Consequently: 1, ita- 
qué: he resolved to give Antonius battle : 
a., calling his troops together, etc., sta- 
tuit cum Antonio confi!gere: itaque 
contione advocata, etc., Sall.: Cic.: 
Caes. (Itaque differs from igitur, ergo, 
etc., in not being used like them to 
draw a strictly logical conclusion). 2, 
ita: a., what ts on the left appears more 
auspicious to us; on the right to the 
Greeks and barbarians, ita nobis sinis- 
tra videntur, Graiis et barbaris dextra, 
meliora, Cic.: V. THEREFORE. 
accost: J. appello, 1: Z will go 
to the man, I will a. him, aggrediar 
hominem, appellabo, Pl.; accedam 
atque appellabo, Cic.: to a. a person 
with cheerful countenance, hominem 
hilari vultu a., Cic.: v. TO ADDRESS. 
2. compello, 1: to a. any one by 
name, aliquem nominatim c., Auct. Her.: 
Virg.: Pl. 3, alldquor, affari: v. TO 
ADDRESS. 4, Addrior, ortus, 4 (usu. 
in hostile sense : to attack, fall foul of : 
q.v.): do I hesitate to a. the man, hune 
cesso ad.? Ter. 
accosting 
Auct. Her. 
accoucheur, female: obstetrix: v. 
MIDWIFE. 
accouchement : 
9. enixus. us: 
V. LYING IN. 
account: |. Of money: ratio: 
the a. of debits and credits between us 
balances exactly, bene ratio accepti 
atque expensi inter nos convenit, 1HLP 
r. constat, Cic.: Tac.: of all this money 
a joint a.is kept, hujus omnis pecuniae 
conjunctim r. habetur, Caes.: to make 
up an 4., r. conficere, Cic.: to render 
an a., r. reddere, Pl.: r. reddere or 
referre, Cic.: to give in false a.s, 
falsas r. inferre, Cic.: the a. comes right 
8 


(subs.): compellatio : 


1, partus, Us: 
8, puerpérium : 





ACCOUNT 


ACCRUE 








to a farthing, r. ad nummMum convenit, 
Gic. Fig.: tf any more serious event 
should occur, from thee they will demand 
an @., Si gravius quid acciderit, abs te 
r. reposcent, Caes. Phr.: to call any 
one to a., aliquem ad calculos vocare, 
Liv. |], 4 statement of facts or events : 
mémoria: two a.s of the death of Mago 
have been given, de Magonis interitu 
duplex memoria prodita est, Nep.: he 
composed an a. of his life, vitae m. com- 
posuit, Suet.: v. NARRATIVE, NARRA- 
TION. Ill. Reason, consideration, 
cause: only in phr., on account of: 
1. db (witb acc.): nor can we be 
either better or happier on a. of that 
knowledge, nec meliores ob eam scien- 
tiam nec beatiores esse possumus, Cic. : 
on that a. he had fled from the state, ob 
eam rem ex civitate profugerat, Caes. : 
on that a., ob id, Liv.: on this a., ob 
hoe, Liv.: on what a., quam ob rem, 
Cic. 2. propter (with acc.): the corn 
crops were not ripe in the fields on a. 
of the cold, propter frigora frumenta in 
agris matura non erant, Caes.: on that 
a., propteréa: because it is my birth- 
day, on that a. I wish you to be invited 
to dinner, quia mihi natalis est dies, 
propterea te vocari ad coenam volo, PL: 
Caes.: Cic. 3. de (with abl.): less 
frequent than the foregoing: to weep on 
a. of the death of a son, de morte filii 
flere, Cic.: to believe a thing more 
readily on a. of one’s hatred, de odio 
facilius aliquid credere, Tac.: Curt. 
4, ex or e (with abl.) : distinguished 

on a. of learning, ex doctrina nobilis, 
Cic.: to sleep more soundly on a. of 
weariness, ex lassitudine arctius dor- 
mire, Cic. 5, pér (with ace.): on a, 
of a storm it was not possible to set suil, 
per tempestatem solvere non licebat, 
Cic.: V. THROUGH, BY MEANS OF. 6, 
pro (with abl.): v.ON BEHALF OF. ¥ 
nominé (abl, of nomen: with gen.) : i.e. 
on the score of : condemned on a. of a 
conspiracy, DX. conjurationis damnatus, 
Cic.: he hates the Romans on his own 
a. also, suo etiam n. Romanos odit, Caes. 
8, gratia, causa (abl.: with gen. 

or possess. pron.) + V. FOR THE SAKE OF, 
BECAUSE OF. 9. vicem (defect. acc. : 
with gen. or possess. pron.) : lit. in 
place of: I often yrieve on your a., 
tuam v. saepe doleo, Cic.: now anxious 
on his own a., suam jam v. anxius, Liv. 
10, ergo (with gen., end put after 

its subst.: archaic): to be presented 
with a military gift on a. of valour, 
dono militari virtutis e. donari, S. C. 
ap. Liv.: on a. of that law, ejus legis 
e., Cic.: on a. of him, illius e., Virg. 
Phr.: on that a., proptérea, idcirco, 
ideo. V. THEREFORE, FOR THAT REASON; 
to have fears on any one’s ac., alicui 
metuere, timere (v. TO FEAR): justice 
has charms for the wise man on her 
own a, sapientem sponte sua justitia 
delectat, Cic.: may sometimes be expr. 
by a part., as, to do a thing on a. of 
anger, *ira commotus, iratus, aliquid 


facere. IV. Importance, worth, esti- 
mation: q. Vv. V. Profit, advan- 
tage: q. Vv. 


account, call to: 1, acciiso, 1: 
if you do not call me to a. for this, si id 
non me accusas, Pl.: v. TO ACCUSE, 
INDICT. 9. compello, 1: he threat- 
ened that he would call to a. any jury- 
man who absented himself, minatus est 
se judicem qui non affuerit, compella- 
turum, Cic. 8. ratiOnem posco, pos- 
tiilo: v. account (I. fin.). 

account (v.): i.e. consider, esteem: 

1, dtco, duxi, ductum, 3: he a.’d 
that of small importance, parvi id 
ducebat, Cic.: they a. nothing right but 
what has been agreeable to themselves, 
nil rectum nisi quod placuit ’ sibi 
ducunt, Hor. 9, numéro, tf (i.e. to 
reckon amongst a certain number): he 
a.d Sulpicius his accuser, not his con- 
petitor, Suipicium accusatorem suum 
numerabat, non competitorem, Cic. : 
Thucydides was never a.d an orator, 
Thucydides nunquam est numeratus 
orator, Cic. 8, habéo: v. REGARD. 








account for: |. 7 render an 
account, either lit. or fig.: v. ACCOUNT 
(Gla): ||. Zo assign the cause of (in 
which sense rationem reddere is also 
used : Sen.) : causam or rationem afféro, 
tili, latum, 3: J think that we ought to 
a. also for this being so, rationes quo- 
que cur hoc ita sit afferendas puto, Cic, : 
you a. satisfactorily for my not being 
able to see you at present, justas causas 
affers quod te hoc tempore videre non 
possum, Cic.: also without any subs. : 
I can a. for my belief, cur credam 
afferre possum, Cic.: v. TO EXPLAIN. 

accountability ; may usu. be expr. 
by ratio reddenda (v. account, I.): to 
call to mind our a., * recordari nobis r. 
reddendam esse: there is no doubt of 
the a. of the magistrates, *non est 
dubium quin magistratibus sit r. red- 
denda: v. ACCOUNTABLE. 

accountable: _1. réus, réa (with 
gen.): in particular sense: a. for the 
ill-fortune of that day, r. fortunae ejus 
diei, Liv.: he who enters into an en- 
gagement is a. for it, qui stipulatur, 
stipulandi r. est, Dig.: that each one 
may be a. for defending his part, ut 
sae quisque partis tutandae r. sit, Liv. 

2. by phr. in general sense: qui 

rationem reddere debet: he was a. to 
his fellow citizens, civibus suis r. re- 
ferre debebat, Cic.: let us always live so 
as (to show) that we consider ourselves 
a., semper ita vivamus ut r. nobis 
reddendam arbitremur, Cic.: v. also 
LIABLE. 

accountant: 1. calcilator: Mart.: 
Ulp. 9, rationarius: Modest. 3) 
actor summarum: Suet. 4, a rati- 
onibus: Inser. 5, The chief public 
accountant, accountant-general, logista, 
ae, m.: Cod. Just. 

account-book: 1, tabulae, arum: 
there is a wide difference whether money 
be deposited in one’s box or be among the 
credits in an a., multum differt in ar- 
cane depositum sit argentum an in tabu- 
lis debeatur, Cic.; to enter anything in 
an a., aliquid in tabulas referre, Cic. 

2, cOdex, icis, m. or codex accepti et 
expensi: Cic. 3, calendarium (esp. 
a book in which accounts of interest 
were kept; hence the name from ca- 
lendae, as interest was payable on the 
first day of each month). Sen.: Dig. 

accoutre : V. TO EQUIP, ARM, FIT OUT. 

accoutrements: 1. arma, orum: 
v. ARMS. Q, insignia, ium (i. e. badges 
and decorations): there was not time 
to fit on thea., ad ins, accommodanda 
tempus deficit, Caes.: v. EQUIPMENT. 

accredit: Phr.: Lycurgus ad 
his laws by the authority of the Delphic 
Apollo, Lycurgus leges suas auctoritate 
Apollinis Delphici confirmavit, Cic.: 
to a. ambassadors, legatos publica auc- 
toritate mittere (not legatos cum auc- 
toritate mittere, which is to send pleni- 
potentiary ambassadors: Cic. Att. 1, 
19, 2): embassies a.’d and attested have 
assembled from most friendly states, 
ab amicissimis civitatibus legationes 
cum publicis auctoritatibus ac testi- 
moniis convenerunt, Cic.: to ac. @ 
minor, auctoritatem pupillo s, pupillae 
accommodare, Ulp. 

accretion: Phr.: there ts an 
a. of dirt on the side of the boul, lateri 
craterae limus adhaesit, Hor.: the 
lichen forms an a. upon stones, nascitur 
in saxis lichen, Plin. (v. TO GROW 
ON). Fig.: virtue is no mere a. or 
supplement, virtus non accessio neque 
supplementum, Gell.: Liv.: v. AP- 
PENDAGE. 

accrue: 1, cédo, cessi, 3 (with 
dat. or in and acc.): this profit a.d to 
him, is quaestus huic cedebat, Cic.: to 
a. to any one’s use, alicui in usum ¢., 
Hor.: the armies of Lepidus and 
Antony a.’d to Augustus, Lepidi atque 
Antonii arma in Augustum cessere, 
Tac.: Liv. 9, rédundo, © (with in 
and acc.): from this kindness no 
danger a.’d to me, ex hoc beneficio 
nullum in me periculum redundavit. 
Cic.. v. TO REDOUND, RESULT. 





ACCUMULATE 


ee 


accumulate: |. Trans.: 1. 
cumulo, 1: to a. wealth, opes c¢., Curt. : 
to a. all the titles of monarchy (upon 
him), omnia principatus vocabula cu- 
mulare, Tac. Fig.: to a. one crime 
upon another, scelus scelere c., Cic. 

Q. acciimiilo, 1: to a. gold: aurum 


a, Cic. Fig.: to a. cares, curas a. 
Ov. Join: auget, addit, accumulat, 
Cic. 3, cdacervo, 1: sums of money 


are collected and a.d, pecuniae co- 
guntur et coacervantur, Cic. Fig.: 
ad griefs, coacervati luctus, Ov. 4. 
colligo, légi, lectum, 3: ad money. 
collecta pecunia, Hor.: Cic.: ears suffer- 
ing from ad filth, aures collecta sorde 
dolentes, Hor. 5. congéro, gessi, 
gestum, 3: to a. the most beautiful 
things, res pulcherrimas c., Cic.: v. TO 
COLLECT, GATHER TOGETHER, HEAP UP. 
I]. Intr.: expr. by pass. of fore- 
going: as, the multitude of adversaries 
a.s, cumulatur multitudo adversari- 
orum, Auct. B. Hisp.: v. TO INCREASE. 
accumulation : 1, ciimilus, i, 
m. (Vv. HEAP): to bring to any one an @ 
of joy, afferre alicui c. gaudii, Cic. : 
blessed with the a.of all praises, laudum 
cumulo beatus omni, Stat. Q. acer- 
vus, striies: Vv. HEAP, PILE. 3, con- 
gestus, iis, m.: an a. of forces, c. copi- 
arum, Tac. Or expr. by verb: as, an a. 
of money, collecta pecunia, Hor.: the a. 
of titles of dignity upon anu one, cumu- 
lata in aliquem dignitatis vocabula: v. 
TO ACCUMULATE, 
accumulator: accimiilator: Tac. 
accuracy : |. Carefulmess, dili- 
gence: q.v. |, Careful exactness in 
reasoning, calculations, etc.: 1, cura 
(strictly of the pains bestowed, not the 
accuracy of the result): these things 
demand vigilant a. and carefulness, 
haec acrem c. diligentiamque deside- 
rant, Quint.: Cic. 2. subtilitas: v. 
CORRECTNESS, EXACTNESS, NICETY. 
accurate: |. Careful, studied: 
q. V- |. Exact and correct in caleu- 
lation, etc. 1, diligens, ntis (strictly 
careful): Myron is more a. in the 
symmetry (of his works), M. in sym- 
metria diligentior, Plin : the most a. 
naturalists say, diligentissimi naturae 
tradunt, Plin.: to examine a thing with 
a, nicety, aliquid diligenti subtilitate 
exigere, Plin. 9, exactus : v. EXACT. 
8, subtilis, e: an a. definition, s. 
definitio, Cic : a. observation, s. obser- 
vatio, Plin. Phr.: an a. copy, exem- 
plum summa cura et diligentia exscrip- 
tum, Cic. 
accurately: |. Carefully: q.v. 
|i. Zxactly, with nice correctness: 
1, diligenter (strictly, carefully): 
to speak in Latin and that a., Latine et 
d. loqui, Cic.: to study a thing more a., 
aliquid diligentius cognoscere, Caes. 
Q. subtiliter: to discourse a. and 
at large, disserere s. et copiose, Cic.: to 
investigate a number a., exsequi 8. nu- 
merum, Liv.: to study a science some- 
what more a., scientiam paulo subtilius 
éxcolere, Cels. 
accursed: 1, sacer, cra, crum : J 
am bad, I am a., wicked, ego sum 
malus, ego sum s., scelestus, Pl.: may 
you be a., s. esto, Hor.: a. greed of 
gold, s, auri fames, Virg, 2. exsecra- 
bilis, e: a. and dreadful soil, e. ac 
dirum solum, Val. Max.: Plin. 3 
scélératus: the a. madness of war, s. 
insania belli, Virg.: the a. love of pelf, 
s. amor habendi, Ov. 4, scéiestus : 
this house is a., 8s. hae sunt aedes, PIL. : 
a, avarice, 8, avaritia, Phaed.: v. TO 
CURSE. 
accusation: 1. accisatio (a formal 
of a.): to prepare and arrange an 
d., a. comparare atque constituere, Cic. : 
to abandon an a., accusatione desistere, 
Cic.: to press an @., ac. factitare, Cic. 
2. crimen, inis, n. (a charge; of 
which there may he more than one in 
an accusation): this letter obtained 
credit for the a.s of Perseus, hae literae 
fidem Persei criminibus fecerunt, Liv. : 
an a. of such great crimes, c. facinorum 
tanturum, Cic.: an a. of poisoning, 


| 











ACCUSE 


ACCUSTOM 





veneficii c., Quint.: to disprove an a., 
c. defendere, Cic.: to bring a.s, crimina 
inferre, Cic. In the plu. this word 
taken in connection with the context, 
sometimes means “false a.s:" con- 
versations full of false a.s against 
the senators, sermones pleni criminum 
in patres, Liv. 8. criminatio: the a. 
which he brought against me in my 
absence, criminatio qua in me absentem 
usus est, Cic.: to repel a.s, crimina- 
tiones repellere, Cic.: Liv. 4, calum- 
nia (a false a.): nor could he, without in- 
curring the disgrace attaching to a false 
a., abandon the prosecution, nec sine 
ignominia calumniae relinquere acct- 
sationem poterat, Cic.: to bring a false 
a. against a person on oath, calumniam 
in aliquem jurare, Liv. 5, insimi- 
latio (usu. if not always of a false a.): 
a false and unjust a., falsa atque iniqua 
in., Cic.: a sudden a. on a capital 
charge, in. repentina capitalis criminis, 
Cic. Phr.: To bring an a. against a 
person, aliquem accusare, insimulare ; 
alicujus nomen deferre, etc.: v. TO 
ACCUSE: to betray one’s cause in an @., 
praevaricor, 1: the conduct of one who 
does so, i.e. collusion in a., praevari- 
catio: Cic. 


accusative case: accisativus, i, 
m.: Quint. 
accusatory, accusatorius: an 4a. 


disposition (or intention), a. animus, 
Cic.: Liv. 
accuse: |. In strict forensic sense: 
J], acctiso, 1 (the person in ace., the 
charge usu. in gen. or abl. with de): 
to a. a man of bribery, hominem 
ambitus a., Cic.: to a. any one of an 
assault, aliquem de vi a., Cic.: to a. a 
person of assassinations and poisonings, 
hominem inter sicarios et de veneficiis 
a., Cic. 9, judicem féro, tili, ete. 
(i.e. to offer a judge: with dat. of per- 
son): many persons were ready to a. 
Volscius on their own account, multi pri- 
vatim ferebant Volscio judicem, Liv. : 
I a. thee before the people, populum tibi 
judicem fero, Liv. 3, arcesso, ivi, 
itum, 3 (with gen. or abl. of the charge): 
to a. any one of a capital offence, ali- 
quem capitis ar., Cic.: to a. a man of 
the crime of poisoning, hominem ve- 
neni crimine ar., Suet. 4, argiio: v. 
TO CHARGE. 5, postilo, 1 (constr. 
same as accuso): toa.a person of ex- 
tortion, aliquem repetundarum p., Suet. : 
to a. a person before the praetor, aliquem 
apud praetorem p., Cic.: also. reum p., 
Plin. 6, interrogo, 1: a.d under the 
Plautian law, lege Plautia interrogatus, 
Sall.: Cic.: Liv. 7, insimtlo, r: 
(with gen. orabl.): toa.any one falsely, 
aliquem falso ins., Cic.: to be a.d of the 
crime of treachery, proditionis crimine 
insimulari, Liv. 8, réum facio, féci, 
factum, 3 (with gen. of the charge, or 
abl. with de): to a, Sthenius of a capital 
offence, Sthenium rei capitalis reum f., 
Cic.: Sthenius had not been a.d when 
present, praesens Sthenius reus non 
erat factus, Cic.: v. TO IMPEACH, IN- 
pict. 9, nodmendeéféro, tiili, ete. (with 
gen. of person and abl, of crime with 
de): to a. Roscius of parricide, nomen 
Roscii de parricidio d., Cic. : hence sim- 
ply defero, with acc. of person (late) : 
as, to a. any one of treason, aliquem de 
proditione d., Tac. Similarly nomen re- 
cipere is to receive an accusation (said 
of the magistrate), Cic—Nore. Of the 
above, accuso refers esp. to the action 
of the leading accuser; judicem fero 
implies a challenge to the person ac- 
cused ; arcesso, postulo, interrogo, reum 
facio signify, to call a man to account, 
or bring him to trial; nomen defero is 
to lay information against any one ; in- 
simulo, to accuse falsely or on mere 
suspicion. |]. In non-forensic sense ; 
to charge with: 1, inciiso, 1 (with 
acc. of person and gen. of things): to 
a. another of disgraceful conduct, alter- 
um ine. probri, Pl.: to a. any one of 
luxury and pride, aliquem luxus et 
superbiae inc., Tac.: v. TO FIND FAULT 
WITH, 2. acciiso, 1 (constr. same as 








in ].): to a. any one of neglect in corre- 
spondence, aliquem a. de epistolarum 
negligentia, Cic.: but of what do you a. 
the man ? ipsum vero quid accusas ? Cic, 
3, argio: theya.d this man as their 
master and tyrant, bunc ut dominum 
et tyrannum arguebant, Just. 4. cri- 
minor, 1: you a. me of being ungrateful, 
me esse ingratum criminaris, Cic. a; 
insimiilo: they a. themselves of sin, pec- 
cati se insimulant, Cic.: v. TO BLAME, 
CHARGE. NoTe.—The acc. neut. of an 
adj. or pron. may be used to denote 
the matter of accusation: as, to a. one- 
self of many things, se multa incusare, 
Virg.: what do you a. me of ? quid me 
accusas? Cic. 
accused (person): réus, réa f. (usu. 
with gen. of charge, or abl. with de) 


(a). In forensic sense: to be a., reus, 
rea fieri, Cic. (comp. TO ACCUSE, 8.): 
Clodius stood a. by Milo under the 


Plotian law, reus Milonis lege Plotia 
C. fuit, Cic.: a. of violence, de vi reus, 
Cic. (b). Fig.: of any kind of blame: 
a. of sloth, r. desidiae, Mart.: a. of 
being the cause of the ill fortune of that 
day, reus fortunae ejus diei, Liv. 
accuser : ], accisdtor: a vigor- 
ous and bitter a., a. acer et acerbus, 
Cic.: the a. did not appear, a. non 
aderat, Cic.: we may assume the cha- 
racter of a plaintiff and lay down that of 
an a., possumus petitoris personam cap- 
ere, accusatoris depunere, Cic.: in gen. 
sense, to be one's own G., ipse suus esse a., 
Nep. Pertaining to an a., acciisatorius : 
which things were done according lo the 
a.’s right and custom, quae a. jure et 
more sunt facta, Cic.: like an 4@., 
accusatorie: J will not deal with you 
like an a., non agam tecum a., Cic. A 
Female a., accusatrix, icis: Pl.: Plin. 
Q. praevaricator (a sham a., one who 
betrays his cause): to set up a sham a. 
of oneself, sibi p. apponere, Cic.: the 
sham a. of Catiline, p. Catilinae, Cic. 
8. délator (under the emperors : an 
informer: q. V.): ‘Tac.: Suet. 4. 
calumniator, trix f. (a false, malicious 
a.): to set up false a.s, calumniatores 
apponere, Cic.: Dig. 5, quadrupla- 
tor (suxodhav7ys, & covetous M., 7eU arded 
with a fourth of the accused's goods): 
Cic.: Liv.: v. INFORMER. 
accusing, fond of: criminosus- 
bitter, fond of a., a demagogue, und 
turbulent, acerbus, c., popularis homo 
ac turbulentus, Cic.: v. CALUMNIOUS, 
accusingly : 1, acciisatorié: v. 
ACCUSER. 9, criminosé : Cic,: Liv. 
accustom: 1, assuéfiacio, féci, 
factum, 3 (with abl., dat., ad, or inf.) : 
barbarians a.d to a certain kind of 
fighting, barbari genere quodam pugnae 
assuefacti, Caes. : Statorius enlisted j0ot- 
soldiers for the king, and a.d them to 
work and to proper military duties, 
Statorius regi pedites conscripsit, et 
operi aliisque justis militaribus assue- 
fecit, Liv.: to a. the plebeians to the 
infliction of punishments upon the 
patricians, ad supplicia patrum plebem 
ass., Liv.: they a. their horses to remain 
on the very same spot, equos eodem 
remanere vestigio ass., Caes. M 
assuesco, suévi, suétum, 3 (usu. in 
pass., and esp. in perf. part.: constr. 
the same as that of assuefacio, but also 
with gen., and in with acc.): men a,'d 
to constant and daily labour, bomines 
labore assiduo et quotidiano assueti, 
Cic.: a.’d to all the rights of intimacy, 
in omnia familiaria jura assuetus, Liv. : 
the Romans a.'d to Gallic rebellion, Ro- 
mani Gallici tumultus assueti, Liv. 3, 
consuefacid, 3 (with ut or ne and sulj., 
or inf.): Ihave accustomed my son not 
to conceal these things from me, ea ne me 
celet consuefeci filium, Ter.: he a.s the 
Gaetuli to keep their ranks, Gaetulos 
consuefacit ordines habere, Sall. 4, 
insuesco, suévi, suétum, 3 (with subj.): 
my excellent father a.'d me to avoid 
this, insuevit pater optimus hoc me ut 
fugerem, Hor.: Liv. 5, imbiio, al, 
iitum, 3 (with ad or inf.): by a.ing the 
allies to the duties imposed by the laws, 
9 


ACCUSTOM 


ACQUAINTANCE 





imbuendis sociis ad officia legum, ‘Tac. : 
nor are they a.’d to anything sooner 
than to desyrse the gods, nec quicquam 
prius imbuuntur quam contemnere deos, 
Tac.: Vv. TO INURE. 6. in eam con- 
suetudinem addico, xi, ctum, 3 (with 
subj.): (Iphicrates) had a.’d his soldiers 
so to arrange themselves, etc., in eam 
consuetudinem adduxit (copias suas) 
ut ordinatae consisterent, etc., Nep.: 
Caes. 

accustom oneself, become ac- 
customed, or (in perf. tenses) to_be 
accustomed; 1. as-suesco, suevi, 
suétum, 3 (with abl., inf., dat. or ad): 
the kind of fight to which they were a.’d, 
genus pugnae quo assuerant, Liv.: that 
he might a. himself to overcome the noise 
with his voice, ut fremitum assuesceret 
voce vincere, Cic.: according to the habit 
to which they were a.d, ex more cui as- 
suerunt, Quint. 9, consuesco, 3 (usu. 
with inf.: in later authors with ad or 
dat.) : to a. oneself to recite many verses 
with a single breath, versus multos uno 
spiritu pronuntiare c., Cic.: he saw that 
the Germans were becoming a.’d to cross 
the Rhine, Germanos c. Rhenum trans- 
ire videbat, Caes.: on that day he fol- 
lows the enemy at the distance to which 
he was a.’d, eo die quo consuerat inter- 
vallo hostes sequitur, Caes. 8, in- 
suesco, 3 (with inf., ad, or dat.) : to be- 
come a.d to tell lies, mentiri ins., Ter. : 
to become a.'d to military discipline, ad 
disciplinam militiae ins., Liv.: he had 
a.’d himself to the Roman mode of life, 
cultu Romano insueverat, Tac.: v. TO 
BE WONT. 

accustomed, be: #0léo, sdlitussum, 
2 (with inf.): he who is a. to lie, is 
habituated to perjury, qui mentiri solet 
pejerare consuevit, Cic.: Caes.: Virg.: 
V. TO BE WONT. 

accustomed (part. and adj.):_ 1, 
assuéfactus: v. TO ACCUSTOM. 9. as- 
suétus (with dat.): a vandof Spaniards 
more a. to mountains, Hispanorum co- 
hors assuetior montibus,Liv.: Ov. 33 
sdlitus : therustic will go tohis a. work, 
ad s. rusticus ibit opus, Ov.: a. valour, 
s. virtus, Virg.: Vv. WONTED. 

ace: 1, ménas, adis, f.: Macr. 

9, unio, nis, f.: Tert. Phr: he 

was within an ace of following him, nec 
quicquam propius est factum quam ut 
illum persequeretur, Cic,: v. also HAIRS- 
BREADTH. 

acerbity: acerbitas: the a. of crab- 
apples, ac. silvestrium malorum, Plin. : 
Vv. SOURNESS. Fig.: I approve of 
strictness, but by no means of a., severi- 
tatem probo, a. nullo modo, Cic. 

acetate: *acétas, atis, f.: M. L. 

ache (v.): déleo , 2: my tooth as, 
dens d., Pl.: my head a.s, caput mihi d., 
Cic. To a. greatly or much, condolesco, 
dolii, 3 (usu. in perf., the lit. meaning 


being, ‘to become painful”): if a foot | 


a.s much, we cannot bear it, si pes con- 
doluit, ferre non possumus, Cic.: the 
body attacked by cold a.s greatly, con- 
doluit tentatum frigore corpus, Hor, 
ache (subs.): délor: a head-a., d. 
capitis, Lucr.: an aching of the joints, 


d. articulorum, Cic.: Hor. 
achieve; conficlo, perficio, féci, 
fectum, 3: Vv. TO ACCOMPLISH, PiER- 
FORM, EXECUTE; GAIN, OBTAIN. 
achievement: |. Hxploit. 1. 


res gesta: the people rejoices in its a., 
populus re gesta laetatur, Cic.: the suc- 
cess of one’s a.s, felicitas rerum g., Caes. 
Phr.: great a.s both in military and in 
civil life were performed in those times 
by very brave men, magnae res tem- 
poribus illis a fortissimis viris gere- 
bantur, Cic. 9, facinus, Oris, 7. 
(usu. with an epithet, and more freq. in 
bad sense: v. CRIME): a@ great and me- 
morable a., f. magnum et memorabile, 
Ter.: I should consider that a most 
noble a.., id f. pulcherrimum esse arbi- 
trarer, Cic. I]. A coat of arms: *gen- 
eris insigne, is, 7. (usu. in pl.). 

aching (subs.): v. ACHE. 

achromatic: _ |. colourless: 1, 
(?) incdlor: Gloss. Philox. 9. achro- 

Io 





matus (aypw.atos). 
*achromaticus. 
acid (adj.); acidus (Acerbus is sowr, 
i.e. wnripe): a. sorb apples, a. sorba, 
Virg.: a. elecampane, a. inula, Hor. 
Somewhat acid or a little acid, icidulus, 
Plin.: stbacidus, Col. Zo become a., 
Hicesco, cOacesco, acti, 3: all wines do 
not become a. with age, non omne vinum 
vetustate c., Cic.: Cels.: v. SOUR. 
acid (swbs.): *acidum. 
acidity: 1. acor: 2 
aciditas: Mare. Emp. 
acidulous;: acidilus: an a. flavour, 
a. sapor, Plin. 
acknowledge: i.e. to admit, own, 
confess : 1, agnosco, novi, nitum, 3 
(with ace. of object, but not inf.): to a. 
a charge, crimen agn., Cic.: to a. a debt, 
aes alienum agn., Ulp.: to a. an infant, 
infantem agn., Suet.: v. TO RECOGNISE, 
9, fateor, confiteor: Vv. TO CONFESS. 
3. suscipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (totake 
up and so acknowledge offspring): I 
have promised to a. the child, puerum 
pollicitus sum (me) suscepturum, ‘Ter. : 
Cic. 4, tollo, susttli, sublatum, 3 (in 
same sense as suscipio): to be unwilling 
to a. a female child, puellam nolle tol- 
lere, Ter.: they resolved to a. (the child), 
decreverunt tollere, Ter,: Cic.; v. TO 
REAR. 
acknowledgment: |. Admission, 
confession: J, confessio: that was an 
a. that Rome was the metropolis, ea 
erat c., caput rerum Romam esse, Liv. : 
Vv. CONFESSION. 92. or expr. by part 
of verb: as, in making this a., you ac- 
knowledge that you are guilty, *quum 
hoc confiteris, confiteris te sontem esse : 
Vv. TO ACKNOWLEDGE. Il. A legal 
document: ‘apodcha (receipt): a.s of 
money paid, apochae solutae pecuniae, 
Scaev. Dig. 
acme: summa, fastigium: v. HEIGHT. 
aconite: acodnitum: ghastly (i. e. 
causing pallor), a., lurida aconita, Ov. : 
Virg.: Plin. 
acorn: 1, glans, glandis, f.: used 
also of beech-mast and similar products . 
hence quernus should be added unless 
the context defines the kind: the beech- 
mast has one shape, the a. another, alia 
fageae g. figura, quernae alia, Plin.: to 
strip off a.s, quernas g. stringere, Virg. 
9, balanus, i, f. and sometimes m. 
(BudAavos): also used of similar pro- 
ducts: Plin. 
acorn - bearing: 
érum: Lucr. 
acorn - shaped: 
Plin. 
acoustic, auditorius: the a. pas- 
sages: a. cavernae (dkovoTiKkot Topol), 
Coel. Aur. 
acoustics: *fctstica, orum (axov- 
ora): scient. t.t. Or perh. res audi- 
toria (cf. acousTIc): or in non-scientific 
sense, *quae ad auditums. ad sonos 
accipiendos pertinent: ef. Cic. N. D. 2, 57. 
acquaint: v. TO INFORM. 
———— oneself: nosco, cognosco : 
v. TO LEARN. 
acquaintance: |, Knowledge (in 
general): q. Vv. I]. Personal intt- 
macy : 1, consnétudo: a. and inti- 
macy, c. ac familiaritas, Cic.: v. INTI- 
MACY. 9. notitia: this a. between 
us is very recent, haec inter nos nupera 
n. admodum ’st, Ter.: Cic. 8, fa- 
miliaritas (intimate acquaintance): to 
Jorm an intimate a., f. inducere, con- 
flare, contrahere, Cic. I]. 4 person 
known: notus, i, m. esp. in pl.: I have 
no onze herve, either a. or kinsman, 
habeo hic neminem neque n. neque 
cognatum, Ter.: respecting his rank, 
Caelius himself easily answers his a.s 
and elders, de dignitate Caelius notis 
ac majoribus natu facile ipse respondet, 
Cic.: you all your neighbours, a.s, boys 
and girls, hate, te omnes vicini oderunt, 
noti, pueri atque puellae, Hor.—Nore. 
Familiaris is an intimate acquaintance. 
Hence we find in Cie. : ex domesticis et 
intimis familiaribus . familiaris et neces- 
sarius: intimus, proximus, familiaris- 
simus. 


I], Scient. t. ¢.: 


Quint. 


glandifer, éra, 


balanitis, idis: 








ACQUIREMENT 


acquainted with: 1 gnarus 
(with gen.) : nor ama, with the place, 
nec loci g. sum, Pl.: a. with arms and 
warfare, g. armorum et militiae, Col. : 
v. AWARE. 2. pridens, entis (with 
gen.): well a. with the localities, \oco- 
rum p., Liv.: well a. with the feelings 
of the province, animorum provinciae 
p., Tac. 8, sciets, entis (with gen.) : 
well a. with the localities, s. locorum, 
Sall.: well a. with the Latin language, 
Latinae linguae s., ‘lac. 4, péritus 
(with gen. or abl.) : a. with those parts, 

earum regionum, Caes.: better a. 

with military affairs, peritior rei mili- 
taris, Caes.: a. with law, p. jure (also 
juris), Cic.: v. EXPERIENCED IN. , 
versatus (with in and abl.): well a. 
with Greek: and Latin literature, v. in 
Graecis et Latinis literis: v. VERSED IN. 
a BeCOMe mae 
nosco, novi, notum, 3: to become a, with 
laws and customs, leges instituta n., 
Cic.: to become a, with one's province, D. 
provinciam, Tac.: that God with whom 
we become a. through the mind, deus ille 
quem mente noscimus, Cic. 2. co- 
gnosco, novi, nitum, 3 (with acc.): to 
become a. with learned Athens, doctas c. 
Athenas, Prop.: he wished to become a. 
with those countries, eas regiones c. vol- 
ebat, Caes.: by constant hunting (on its 
banks) we have become a. with the whole 
river, venatu assiduo totum cognovimus 
amnem, Virg. 8. pernosco, 3 (to be- 
come thoroughly a.): to become thoroughly 
a. with men’s manners Jrom their per- 
son, eyes, countenance, hominum mores, 
ex corpore, oculis, vultu pern., Cic. 
Phr.: to become a. with a person, i.e. 
form an intimacy with him: in ali- 
cujus notitiam venire: if intimate a., 
consuetudinem or familiaritatem cum 
aliquo jungere, Cic.: v. TO FORM ( fin.) 
INTIMACY. 

acquiesce in: __ 1, sto, stéti, stat- 
um, 1 (with abl. with or without 2): 
all a. in that opinion, ea omnes s. sen= 
tentia, Pl.: v. TO ABIDE BY. 2. con- 
tentus sum (with abl.): nor did Gellius 
a. in the judgment of Lentulus, neque 
Lentuli existimatione c. fuit Gellius, 
Cic.: Vv. CONTENT. 3. aequi bonique 
facio, feci, factum, 3 (with acc.): Ia. in 
what you propose, istuc aequi bonique 
facio, Ter.: my mind a.s in all you do, 
animus meus totum istuc aequi boni f., 
Cic. 4, acquiesco, quiévi, quiétum, 
3 (usu. with in and abl.): having tried 
everything, there is nothing in which I 
can a., habeo nihil, tentatis rebus omni- 
bus, in quoacquiescam, Cic. Phr.: at 
length Cotta, being prevailed upon, 4.8, 
tandem dat Cotta, permotus, manus, 
Caes.: to a. in any one's rule, aequo 
animo pati alicujus imperium, Liv.: v. 
TO AGREE, ASSENT. 

acquiescence: Phr.: with your 
a., tenon adversante, haud abnuente, 
etc. : V. ASSENT. 

acquire : acquiro, quisivi, quisitum, 
3: to a. dignity, dignitatem a., Cic.: 
the insatiable desire of a.ing (wealth), 
acquirendi insatiabile votum, Juv.: v. 
TO GAIN. 

acauirement: |. The act of ac- 
quiring: 1, adeptio: let us estimate 
a happy life not by the removal of evil, 
but by the a. of good, nos beatam vitam 
non depulsione mali, sed a. boni judice- 
mus, Cic. 2, comparatio: let the a. 
of pleasure be as easy as you will, sit 
tam facilis quam vultis c. voluptatis, 
Cic. (More freq. expr. by part. of verb: 
as, by the a. of wealth, divitiis compa- 
ratis, acquisitis: v. TO ACQUIRE.) Il. 
What is acquired; a mental attain- 
ment: usu. expr. by scientia, ars, ete. 
Phr.: a@ man of no eminence and of 
very scanty and humble a.s, homo me- 
diocris, et aut nulla aut humili aliqua 
arte praeditus, Cic.: to possess most va- 
luable a.s, habere optimarum artium 
scientiam, Cic.: to gain dificult a.s, 
artes difficiles discere, Cic.: he was @ 
man of extensive a.s, and those not com- 
mon but profound and abstruse, erant 
in eo plurimae literae, nec eae vulgares, 











ACQUIRER 


sed interiores quaedam et reconditae, 
Cic.: a man not destitute of ordinary 
@.s, homo communium literarum non 
expers, Cic, : V. ACCOMPLISHMENT (11). 

acquirer (rare): qui acquirit, ac- 
quirens : Vv. TO ACQUIRE. 

acquisition: |. The act of ac- 
quiring : 1, conciliatio: the a. of 
favour, gratiae c., Cic. 2. quaestns, 
us: the a. of money, q. pecuniae, Caes. : 
V. ACQUIREMENT. I]. The thing ac- 
quired: quaesitum: careful of one's 
4.8, attentus quaesitis, Hor.: v. GAM. 

acquit: 1, absolvo, solvi,sdlitum, 
3 (usu, with de): he was a.'d of collu- 
sion, de prevaricatione absolutus est, 
Cic.: to a. a person on a capital charge, 
aliquem capitis a., Nep.: that innocent 
slave is unanimously a.’d, servus ille 
innocens omnibus sententiis absolvitur, 
Cic. 2. libéro, 1 (with abl.): to a.a 
person of a charge, aliquem crimine l., 
Cic. 8. purgo, 1 (with abl.): Tibe- 
rius a.’d the young man of the charge of 
civil war, Tiberius adolescentem crimine 
civilis belli purgavit, Tac.: v. TO RE- 
LEASE, DISCHARGE. 

acquit oneself: se gerere, prae- 
stare: V TO BEHAVE, CONDUCT ONESELF. 

acquittal: 1. absélitio: the a. 
of Gabinius, Gabinii a., Cic.: a. from a 
charge of high treason, majestatis a., 
Cic. 2. libératio: most arbitrary 
a.s of defendants, libidinosissimae reo- 
rum liberationes, Cic. Phr.: to give 
verdicts of a., absolutorias sententias 
ferre, Sen.: verdicts of a., absolutoria 
judicia, Gai. 

acquittance (legal): —_i, accepti- 
latio (i.e., accepti latio), Dig. 
apbcha : v. ACKNOWLEDGMENT. 

acre : jugérum, i; but in plu. usu. as 
of 31d decln. The Roman jugerum was 
about ‘625 of an English acre, so that 
it is only in a very loose way that the 
Latin word can be employed as equi- 
valent to the English one. Where ex- 
actness is necessary, the number of acres 
must be expressed in accordance with 
the above ratio: e. g.: an estate of 100 
acres, fundus jugerum centum sexaginta. 

acrid: 1, Acer, acris, acre: a. 
things, as mustard, onion, garlic, acria, 
ut est sinapi, caepa, allium, Varr. ap. 
Non.: a. humours, a. humores, Cic. 

2. asper, éra, Erum: the a. taste of 

Sea-water, a. sapor maris, Plin.: v. 
PUNGENT, SHARP, SOUR. 

acrimonious, i.e. bitter or severe in 
temper or expression : 1. acerbus: 
an a. tongue, a, lingua, Liv.: on that 
day we found Curio a., eo die a. habui- 
mus Curionem, Cic. 2. amarus : old 
age makes me more a., amariorem me 
senectus facit, Cic.: a. words, dicta a., 
Ov.: a. wit, a. sales, Quint.: v. BITTER. 

8. asper, Gra, Grum: a savage, a., 

abusive orator, orator truculentus, a., 
maledicus, Cic.: a. Juno, a. Juno, Virg. : 
V. SEVERE, SEVERITY, 

acrimony, acrimoniousness, i.e. 
bitterness or sharpness of temper or ex- 
pression: 1, acerbitas: a. and plenty 
of wit, acerbitas et abunde salis, Quint. : 
severity I approve of; a. not by any 
mvans, severitatem probo; a. nullo 
modo, Cic. 
the poems of Hipponax, Hipponacis car- 
minum a., Plin.: v. BITTERNESS. 

across: |, Prep.: 1, trans (with 
acc.): to lead a multitude of men a. the 
Rhine, hominum multitudinem t. Rhe- 
num transducere, Caes.: they hasten a. 
the sea, t. marecurrunt, Hor.: to pur- 
chase gardens a. the Tiber, t. Viberim hor- 
tos parare,Cic. 2, transversus (in agr. 
with that which crosses or is crossed) : 
we saw Manilius walking a. the forum, 
Manilium nos vidimus transverso am- 
bulantem foro, Cic.: I come now to that 
line which is written a. at the end of 
your letter, nunc venio ad transversum 
illum extremae epistolae tuae versicu- 
lum, Cic.: he will make a black mark 
upon the unpolished verses by drawing 
his pen across them, versibus incomptis 
allinet atrum transverso calamo signum, 
Hor. Il. Adv.: 1, transversus (in 


2, amaritudo: the a. of ' 





ACT 


agr. with the subs. to which it refers) : 
to carry a moat a., transversam fossam 
ducere, Caes.: to rush a. against (fig.), 
transversus incurrere, Cic. Esp. as 
adv. phrase, in transversum (cf. in obli- 
quum, OBLIQUELY, q. v.): a peninsula 
stretching a. in the form of a sword, 
paeninsula ad formam gladii in tr. por- 
recta, Plin.: the stone is marked a. with 
a@ white line, gemma intr. alba linea 
praecingitur, Plin.: also poet. transversi: 
Vv. ATHWART,. 2. trans, in comp. with 
a verb: as, to go a.,, transire, trausgredi, 
etc.: for which see TO Go, etc. 
acrostic, i.e. a poem in which the 
Jirst letter of every line being taken forms 
the name of a person or thing: no Latin 
word: ea quae axpoorcxis dicitur, Cic. 
Div. 2, 54, 111.: Suet. Gr. 6, appears to 
use parastichis, idis, /. in the same sense: 
versus quorum primae litterae sensum 
reddunt, Aug.: to make out or read an 
acrostic, litteras, quae sunt in capitibus 
omnium versuum, connectere, Aug. 
act (v.): A, Intrans. |. Zo be 
active: ago, égi, actum, 3: there is one 
time for acting, another for rest, aliud 
agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi, Cic. : 
Maecenas was aman who knew how to 
act, erat M. agendi sciens, Vell. ll. 
To conduct oneself, behave : 1, ago: 
we act handsomely towards them, prae- 
clare cum iis agimus, Cic.: with acc. to 
denote the character in which a person 
acts: to act as a friend, amicum a., 
Tac.: to act as a subordinate, minis- 
trum a., Suet. Also with refl. pron. : 
to act haughtily, ferociter se a., Tac.: 
Sall. 2. facio, feci, factum, 3 (esp. 
with adv.): to act well or ill, recte aut 
perperam f., Cic.: Licinius a.’d like a 
gentleman in coming to me, fecit huma- 
niter L. quod ad me venit, Cic.: v. TO 
DO. 3. géro, gessi, gestum, 3 (with 
refl. pron.) : to act honowrably, honeste 
se g., Cic.: to act as uw citizen, se pro 
cive g., Cic.: to act shamefully upon an 
embassy, turpiter in legatione se g., 
Plin.: v, TO BEHAVE ONESELF. Phr.: 
to act in such a way that, committere 
ut (also with inf. poet.): tt ts not like 
me so to act as to seem to have been 
negligent in correspondence, non est 
meum committere ut in scribendo neg- 
ligens fuisse videar, Cic.: Caes.: to act 
cruelly towards any one, crudeliter in 
aliquem consulere, Liv.: Sall.: to act 
under the influence of passion and 
anger, cupidine atque ira grassari, Sall. : 
Tac. (v. TO PROCEED). Ill. Zo per- 
form on the stage: in scena esse, Cic. ; 
in scenam prodire (the latter strictly to 
appear upon the stage): Nep. Pref. 5: 
Suet. (agere alone is simply to deliver, 
whether of an actor or an orator). 
Phr.: Domitian forbade players to act 
in public, D. interdixit histrionibus sce- 
nam, Suet.: to act and gesticulate upon 
the stage, gestum agere in scena, Cic. 
Or. 2, 57: v. infr. (trans.). IV. 
Of medicine: Vv. TO OPERATE, B. 
Trans.: to sustain a certain part, on 
the stage or fig.: 1, Ago, @gi, actum, 
3: to act a comedy, comediam a., Pl.: to 
act the principal part, primas partes a., 
Ter. (v. PART): Laberws acted his own 
farce, Laberius mimum suum egit, 
Suet. Hence fig.: to act the part of a 
principal or subordinate, principem, 
ministrum a., Suet: Tac.: v. supr. 
(intrans.). Zo act frequently, actito, 
I: Aeschines, when a young man, had 
often acted tragedies, Aeschines ado- 
lescens tragoedias actitaverat, Cic. ap. 
Aug.: Valens often acted farces, Valens 
mimos actitavit, T'ac.: v. TO PLAY. PA, 
sustineo, tinui, tentum, 2: J act three 
parts all alone, tres personas unus &., 
Cic, : Suet. 
act (subs.): |. The thing done: 
1, factum: he ts not only innocent 
of the act, but free from even the sus- 
picion of being accessory to it, non modo 
a facto sed etiain a conscientiae suspi- 
cione abest, Cic.: I am glad that my 
act is approved by you, meum factum 
abs te probari gaudeo, Caes. ap. Cic.; 
ulustrious and glorious acts, facta illus- 





ACTION 








tria et gloriosa, Cic.: v. ACTION, DEED, 
EXPLOIT. 2, acta, orum (esp. acts 
of public functionaries or which partook 
of a public character): and do ye, who 
are overturning Caesar's laws, defend 
his acts ? et vos acta Caesaris defenditis 
qui leges ejus evertitis? Cic.: the acts 
of your tribuneship, acta tui tribunatus, 
Cic.: plans jirst, then acts, afterwards 
results, consilia prima, deinde acta, 
postea eventus, Cic. 3. actio (chiefly 
of oficial proceedings). the acts of the 
tribunes, actiones tribunorum, C, 
Liv.: v. PROCEEDINGS, 4, actus, is 
(rare): v. action. Phr.: our friends 
the Stoics deny that to flee is the act of 
@ wise man, Swici nostri negant fugere 
sapientis, Cic. : Jor me now to inquire 
closely into these things is the act of an 
unreasonable father, wanc ea me exqui- 
rere iniqui patris est, Ter. : to commit 
hostile acts, hostilia facere, Sall.: Indu- 
tiomarus was caught in the very act of 
crossing the river, in ipso fiuminis vado 
Indutiomarus deprehensus est, Caes. : 
when the soldiers were in the very act of 
scaling the walls, cum jam in eo esset, 
ut in muros miles evaderet, Liv. (the 
esset is impers.) An act of parlia- 
ment (V. PARLIAMENT): the acts of the 
Apostles, acta Apostolorum, Vulg. Il. 
A division of a drama; actus, is: the 
fourth act, quartus actus, Cic.: let not 
a play either close before or extend be- 
yond the fifth act, neve minor neu sit 
quinto productior actu fabula, Hor, 
Fig.: the last act of life, extremus 
actus aetatis, Cic. 
action: |. The putting forth of 
power or exercise of faculty . 1, ac- 
tio, Onis, f.: to divest the gods of ma- 
tion and of divine a., spoliare deos motu 
et a. divina, Cic.: the a. of the body, a. 
corporis, Cic.: vital a., vitae a., Cic.: in 
undertaking every a. three things are to 
be observed, in omni a. suscipienda tria 
sunt tenenda, Cic. Hence of definite 
things done: a.s right or honourable, a. 
rectae, honestae, Sen. 9. actus, iis: 
a head liable to tremble with the least a., 
caput in quantulocunque a. tremulum, 
Suet.: to die in a., in actu mori, Sen.: to 
be engaged in some kind of a., in aliquo 
a, esse, Lact. Hence of particular a.s : 
good and bad as, recti pravi a., Cic. 
(but the reading is doubtful, and no 
other example of such usage appears to 
occur in Cic.): Sil.: Claud. I]. Some- 
thing done: Vv. DEED, ACT, CONDUCT. 
Il]. Jn works of art: esp. dramas: 
actio: the play has much a., tabula mul- 
tas actiones habet, Cic. IV. Gesticu- 
lation in the delivery ofaspeech: J, 
actio: a. is a kind of bodily speech, est 
a. quasi sermo corporis, Cic.: varied 
and vehement a., full of spirit, a. varia, 
vehemens, plena spiritus, Cic. 5: 
actus, Us: Quint.: Suet. Vie ae 
course of legal proceedings, or the right 
to institute them : 1, actio: to bring 
an a. against any ome, a. alicui inten- 
dere, Cic.: Quint.: a. inferre cum ali- 
quo, Dig.: to arrange the proceedings of 
an a. (as an advocate), a. instituere, 
Cic.: ana. for personal injuries, a. in- 
juriarum, Cic.: an a. for thejt, a. furti, 
etc.: to allow an a. (of the praetor), a. 
dare, Cic.: to name the kind of a 
(which was done by the plaintiff), a 
edere, Ulp:: to have a right of a. (in 
case of injury), habere actionem, Cic. 
Actio sometimes means “ a formula of 
action: Cn. Flavius, a scribe, made the 


Cues. : 





Jasti public, and drew up the forms of 


actions, Cn. Flavius, scriba, fastos pro- 
tulit actionesque composuit, Cic.: vy. 
CAUSE, SUIT, 2. dica (dtcy: only of 
an action in a Greek court of law): to 
bring an a. against any one, alicui 
dicam scribere, Cic. : Ter.: d. alicui sub- 
scribere, Pl.: d. alicui impingere, Ter. 
Nore. The word is used by Cic. in 
speaking of a Sicilian court, and by the 
comic writers with reference to those 
ot Greece. Phr.: Jo bring an action: 

1, ago, égi, actum, 3: esp. with 
lege: to bring an a. at law for an in- 
heritance, a. lege in hereditatem, Cic, 

iI 


ACTIONABLE 





to bring an a. on an agreement, eX sponso 
., Cic.: to bring an a. at civil law, ex 
jure civilia., Cic. 9. litem, actionem 
intendo, etc.: Vv. LAWSUIT, and supr. 
(V.). — VI. An engagement, battle: q.v. 
actionable: 1, cujus rei actio est: 
I enquire whether this ts a. or not, quae- 
ro sitne aliqua hujus rei a. an nulla? 
Cic.: v. ACTION (VY. 1). 2. obnoxius 
(only of persons) : my conduct is a. 
under the Aquilian law, ego lege Aqui- 
lia obnoxius sum, Dig. 
active: |, Full of action; of u 
nature to exert power : 1, actiiosus : 
virtue is a., virtus a. est, Cic.: a. life, a. 
vita, Cic. 9. activus: a. philosophy 
(opp. to that which is purely contempla- 
tive or theoretical), a. philosophia, Sen. : 


Quint. To be a., agere: v. TO ACT 
Cy: Il. Capable of quick move- 
ment » ], 4lacar, cris, cre: he vied 


with the a. in leaping, with the swift in 
running, cum alacribus saltu, cum velo- 
cibus cursu certabat, Sall. ap. Veg. (rare 
in this sense: v. CHEERFUL, BRISK). 

9. agilis,e: ana. right hand, a, dex- 
tra, Stat.: the a. goddess (i. e. Diana), 
a. dea, Ov.: Vv. AGILE, NIMBLE. 3. 
impiger, gra, grum: a. with one’s hand, 
i. manu, Tac.: Cic. 4. Fig. of ac- 
tivity of mind: végétus: nor could the 
mind which is so (essentially) a. lie 
sunk in the blood, nec tam vy. mens in 
sanguine demersa jaceat, Cic.: an a. 
soul ina lively bosom, v.ingenium in 
vivido pectore, Liv. I. Busy, in- 
dustrious : 1. impiger, gra, grum: a. 
service in the field, i. militia, Liv.: a. 
tongues, sluggish souls, i. linguae, ignavi 
animi, Sall.: with a gen.: a. in the 
field, i. militiae, Tac. 9. agilis, ec: 
anon I became an a. man, nunc a. tio 
(i.e., a man of action), Hor.: the mind 
is by nature a., natura animus a. est, 
Sen. 3, acer, acris, acre: a. in the 
transaction of affairs (said of Caesar), 
a. in rebus gerendis, Coel. ap. Cic.: the 
a. husbandmam, a. agricola, Virg.- v. 
KEEN, VIGOROUS, 4, gnavus or na- 
vus: ana. and industrious man, homo 
gn. et industrius, Cic.: a. farmers, gn. 
aratores, Cic. 5, opérosus: a. old 
age, 0. senectus, Cic. 6, industrius: 
peace keeps the a. and the inactive upon 
an equality, industrios aut ignavos pax 
in aequo tenet, ‘l'ac.: Cic. Phr.: to 
take a man away from a. life, a rebus 
gerendis abstrahere, avocare, Cic.: to 
be ever a., semper agere et moliri aliquid, 
Cic.: to be more a., plus agere, Cic. 
Nore. Impiger signifies readiness to um- 
dertake ; agilis, busy activity; acer, keen- 
ness and vigour of enterprise; gnavus 
and inaustrius, activity im general as 
opp. to indolence ; operosus, a disposi- 
tion to undertake many works: v. also 
vicorous. Join: acer et diligens: 
acer et industrius : gnavus et industrius, 
experientissimus et diligentissimus: vi- 
gilans et industrius, Cic, IV. Gram. 
t. t.: active verbs, agentia verba: to em- 
ploy active verbs instead of those which 
have the passive form, pro verbis ha- 
bentibus patiendi figuram agentia po- 
nere, Gell.: verba activa, Charis. 

actively: _1. impigre: to move a., 
i. se movere, Liv.: a. to prepare for 
war, i. parare bellum, Liv. : Sall. 2. 
gnaviter or naviter: tocarry on war 4., 
gn. bellum gerere, Liv. 3. strénué : 
Vv. vicorousLy. Phr.: not less a., non 
or haud segnius: the townspeople none 
the less a. prepared for war, oppidani 
nihilo segnius bellum parare, Sall. : 
Liv. 

activity: |. Disposition or ten- 
dency to move and be in quick action 
(cf. active, IL): 1, agilitas: v. 
AGILITY. 9, mobilitas: an animal 
of the most swift a., animal celerrima 
m., Cic.: the a. of cavalry, m. equitum, 
Caes. J. Actual motion, agitatio: the 
a. and movement of the tongue, a. et 
motus linguae, Cic.: the soul can never 
be free froma. and motion, animus a. 
et motu vacuus esse nunquam potest, 
Cic. To be in a state of a., agitari, mo- 
veri, Cic. : V. MOTION. I]. Industry 

12 





ACUTE 


ADD 


Se EEEEEEEEDeneeeennntl 


and energy: 1, industria: to jit out 
ships with the greatest a., naves summa i. 
armare, Caes.: the a. of Donitius saved 
Cassius, Cassio i. Domitii salutem attu- 
lit, Caes.: a. on a journey, itineris i., 
Suet. Q, gnavitas (or nav.): your 
a. for the public good, tua in rempub- 
licam gn., Cic.: With great a., strenue, 
impigre, etc.: v. ACTIVELY. 

actor: |]. One who acts: actor: 
a speaker of words and an a. of things, 
orator verborum actorque rerum, Cic. : 
V. DOER. ||. A performer of plays: 

1, actor (which also denotes a@ 
pleader, etc., and should not be used 
unless it is clear from the context that 
a stage-actor is meant): good poets and 
diligent a.s are wont to be most careful 
in the last act, poetae boni et a. indus- 
trii in extremo actu diligentissimi esse 
solent, Cic.: a jirst-rate a., a. summus, 
Cic.: to tolerate bad a.s on the stage, in 
theatro malos a. perpeti, Cic.: Hor. 
Also a. scenicus, Quint. 9. histrio, 
Onis, m. (used of all kinds of thea- 
trical performers: v. inf. 5): as to 
the a. a certain delivery, to the dancer 
a certain movement is assigned, ut. 
histrioni actio, saltatori motus certus 
est datus, Cic.: to hiss an a. off the 
stage, h. exsibilare, explodere, Cic.: @ 
miserable a., pessimus h., Cic.; an a. of 
tragedies or comedies, comoediarum aut 
tragoediarum h., Plin. 8, lidius and 
lidio, Onis, m. (an inferior kind of 
dancing player): Liv.: Cic. 4, an 
actor in a tragedy: tragoedus, m.: the 
orator needs the voice of a tragic a., VOx 
tragoedorum est requirendus (oratori), 
Cic.: Hor. 5, an actor in a comedy: 
comvuedus, m.: the man who was not 
even reckoned among the worst of thea- 
trical performers, became the first of 
comic a.s, qui ne in novissimis erat 
histrionibus, ad primos venit comoedos, 
Cic. 6. mimus, f. mima; only used 
of performers in pantomime: Cic.: Ov. 
7, artifex scenicus: Sen.: Gell, 

actress; Nore. As females were | 
not employed in the Roman regular 
drama, there is no word exactly suit- 
able : mima signifies a low kind of the- | 
atrical dancer and pantomimic per- 
former: scénica (for scenica mulier) | 
occurs in Cod. Justin. Lidia (Juv.: 
Mart.) is apparently equiv. to mima. 

actual; vérus: v. REAL, TRUE. 

actuality : metaphys. t. t., opp. to 
POTENTIALITY: actus, US (evTeA€xeta, 
Arist.): Apul. 

actually; re vera, v. REALLY, TRULY. 

actuary; *actiiarius (prop. a sort of 
book-keeper or registrar): Cod. Just. 

actuate; modveo, movi, motum, 2: 
impello, pili, pulsum, 3: Vv. TO MOVE, 
IMPEL, INDUCE, INFLUENCE. 

acumen: V. ACUTENESS. 

acute: |. Lit. sharp, pointed (q. 





v.): obsol. except in phr, acute angle, 
acutus angulus, Plin, Il. Fig. of 
the senses: sharp, penetrating : ik 
cer, acris, acre: very a. vision, visus 
acerrimus, Plin.: Quint.: Cic. 2, aci- 
tus: an a. scent, a. nares, Hor. [Il 
Of the intellect: skrewd, penetrating; 

1, Aaciitus: a man a, rather than 
learned, homo a, magis quam eruditus, 
Cic. Very a., péracitus: a@ very a. 
speech, p. oratio, Cic.: Vv. SHREWD, 
SUBTLE, NICE. 2. acer: a man of a. 
intellect, vir a. ingenio, Cic.: v. KEEN. 

3. argitus: an a. speaker, a. ora- 
tor, Cic.: very a. sayings, argutissima 
dicta, Cic. 4. subtilis: an a. judge, 
judgment, s. judex, judicium, Cic.: Hor.: 
V. SUBTLE, NICE. 5, perspicax (seeing 
acutely): you know how a. your father ws 
in seeing these things, patrem novisti, ad 
has res quam p.sit, Ter. Join: acutus 
et perspicax: homo est acutus et mul- 
tum providens: acuta atque subtilia, Cic. 
Nore. Acutus is opposed to hebes. Phr.: 
an a. old man (Aesop), emunctae naris 
senex, Phaedr.: Hor. IV. Of a dis- 
ease: severe, painful: 1, acutus: 
an a, disease, a. morbus, Cels. 2. 
acer: very a. pain, dolor acerrimus, 
Cic. V. In music and grammar: 


Aicitus: a very a. sound, acutissimus 
sonus, Cic.: an a. accent, accentuS ay 
Gram.: the circumflex, a., and grave 
tones, sonus inflexus, a., gravis, Cic. 

acutely: |. Physically: acute: 
to sound a., a. sonare, Cic. i]. Fig.: 

1, acute: to think very a., acutis- 

sime cogitare, Cic.: very acutely, per- 
Acute: to be very a. affected, peracute 
moveri, Cic. Q, acriter: a young 
man not a. intelligent, adolescens non 
a. intelligens, Cic. 3. argute: to 
speak skilfully and a., callide a.que 
dicere, Cic.: to argue most a. about very 
difficult subjects, argutissime disputare 
de rebus difficillimis, Cic. : v. KEENLY, 
SUBTLY. 

acuteness: _ |, Physical: of the 
senses : 1. acies, Gi, f. (esp. of the 
eyes): to sharpen the a, of the eyes, & 
oculorum exacuere, Cic.: Plin. 2. 
Actimen, inis, n.: to be vacked with a. 
of pain, dolorum acuminibus_ tortari, 
Arnob, (rare in this sense). 3, Expr. 
by adj. or phr.: as, on account of the 
a. of the pain, propter acutos dolores 
(v. ACUTE): when the a. of pain comes 
on, dolorum cum admoventur faces, Cic. 

|]. Of the intellect: 1, dcies: to 

study something with all the a. of the in- 
tellect, omni a. ingenii contemplari ali- 
quid, Cic. 9, acimen: the a. ef in- 
tellects, ingeniorum acumen, Cic. oe 
subtilitas: a. of opinions, s. sententia~ 
rum, Cic.: that a. which they call Attic, 
ea s. quam Atticam appellant, Cic. : 
Tac. : Vv. KEENNESS, SHREWDNESS, 4, 
Expr. by adj., etc.: comp. supr. (1- 
jfin.): @ person remarkable for his a., 
vir naris emunctae, Hor. 

adage: Adagium: Gell.: ve PRO- 
VERB, SAYING. 

adamant: |. Lit.: magnet, dia- 
mond: q. Vv. |], Fig.: something 
hard and indestructible ; adimas, antis, 
m.: to make an impression upon a. (as 
we say, to melt a heart of stone), voce 
movere adamanta, Mart.: Virg.: Ov- 

adamantine: 1, Adamanteus- 


Ov. 9. adamantinus: Lucr.: Hor. 
Plin. 
adapt: 1. accommédo, 1 (with 


ad): Vv. TO ACCOMMODATE. 2. com- 
pono, positi, positum, 3: toa. the mind 
to all circumstances, animum ad omnes 
casus c., Quint.: Tac.: Plin. Phr.: to 
a. oneself to another’s pleasure, se ad 
alicujus arbitrium, voluntatem, con- 
vertere, fingere, Cic. 

adaptation: accommidatio: elo- 
quence is the a. of suitable words and 
sentiments to the line of argument, elo- 
cutio est idoneorum verborum et sen- 
tentiarum ad inventionem a., Cic. Inv. 
1, 7,9. (Or expr. by part. of verb: as, 
by the a. of words to the subject, verbis 
ad res accommodandis: v. TO ADAPT). 

adapted: 1, accommédatus (with 
ad or dat.): a speech a. to persuade, 
oratio ad persuadendum a., Cic.: Vv. . 
FIT, adj. (5). 9, accommddus (with 
dat.): rare: a valley a, for stratagem, 
vallis a. fraudi, Virg. 3, aptus (usu. 
with ad or dat.): a place better a. for 
ambushes, locus ad insidias aptior, 
Cic.: what ts true, straightforward, and 
sincere is best a. to man’s nature, quod 
verum, simplex, sincerumque est, id 
est naturae hominis aptissimum, Cic.: 
Thave ahand a. to spin wool, est mibi 
quae lanas molliat apta manus, Ov. : v. 
FI? (adj.). 4, ingénidsus : naturally 
adapted (with dat. or ad; poet.): aland 
naturally a. for the cultivator, terra i. 
colenti, Ov.: land naturally a. for 
corn, i. ad segetes ager, Ov.: Vv. SUIT- 
ABLE. 

add: to put or join to, whether 
arithmetically or otherwise: 1, addo, 
didi, ditum, 3 (with ace. and dat., or 
ad): to ascertain a balance by adding 
and subtracting, addendo deducendoque 
videre quae reliqui summa fiat, Cic. : 
to these he adds a few horsemen, his 
paucos addit equites, Caes.: they a.d 
this toil to their daily labours, hunc la- 
borem ad quotidiana opera addebant, 
Caes.: Cic.: hence of speech: he ad 





ADDED 





that he did not dare to act contrary to 
the law, addebat se contra legem facere 
non audere, Cic.: he offered his sword, 
adding ‘that it was sharper, obtulit 
gladium, addito ‘ acutiorem esse,’ ‘l’ac. : 
or of thought : add to this the ravaging 
of the lands, adde hue populationem 
agrorum, Liv. Q, adjicio, jéci, jectum, 
3 (with dat, orad; also im and acc.): 
to add a province to the empire, a. pro- 
vinciam imperio, Justin.: Cic.: to his 
warlike renown he a.’d the glory of 
genius, ad bellicam laudem, ingenii 
gloriam adjecit, Cic.: to a. sulphur to 
water, a. sulfur aquae, Cels.: also of 
speech, like addo (jin.): he a.'d that 
there was poison in the man’s house, 
adjecit in domo ejus venenum esse, Tac. 
8, adjungo, xi, ctum, 3 (with dat. 
or ad): to a. this one thing (in treating 
of a subject), hoc unum a., Nep.: he 
a.d all Cilicia to the empire of Rome, 
totam ad imperium P. R. adjunxit Ci- 
liciam, Cic.: to a. craft to force (the 
sword), astus a. ferro, Sil. 4, sub- 
jicio, jéci, etc. (to a. to what has been 
said): and he a.s a reason for so think- 
ing, et cur sic opinetur rationem s., Cic. : 
he a.s that the Pompeians were urged 
on by Sulla, subjicit Pompeianos esse a 
Sulla impulsos, Cic. 5, astruo (ads.), 
xi, ctum, 3 (with dat.) : chiefly in late 
authors: to a. to the edict of another, a. 
aliquid edicto alterius, Plin. Pan.: to a. 
to the glory of a man, alicujus gioriae 
a. aliquid, Vell. 6, affingo, nxi, ctum, 
3 (with dat.) : i.e., toa. in forming, as 
one who moulds a figure: to the one 
(pupil) he a.'d only, from the other he 
pruned (lit. filed) away, alteri tantum 
affinxit, alteri limavit, Cic. ; itis by small 
momenta that nature a.s, changes, or 
takes away, parvis momentis natura aut 
af., aut mutat, aut detrahit, Cic. Hence 
esp. of adding something by way of in- 
vention : Iwill give you to understand 
what misconception has a.'d (to the facts), 
faciam ut intelligatis quid error affinx- 
erit, Cic.: toa. to reports, addere et af. 
rumoribus (foll. by acc. and inf.), Caes. 
7, subjungo; v. TosuBJOIN. Phr.: 
to add one’s name to a letter, nomen 
epistolae ascribere, Cic.: to a. the copy 
of a letter (to one you are writing), 
exemplum literarum (alicujus) subscri- 
bere, infra scribere, Cic.: v. also, TO BE 
ADDED. 
added, to be: accédo, cessi, 3 (with 
ad, dat., or adverb: a depend. clause 
is connected by quod or ut, the former 
being foll. by indic., the latter by 
subj.): to the highest degree of virtue 
nothing can be a.’d, ad virtutis sum- 
mam nihil accedere potest, Cic.: Cato 
declared that the only persons whom he 
did not envy were those to whose dignity 
nothing or not much could be a.'d, 
Cato declaravit iis se solis non invidere 
quibus nihil aut non multum ad digni- 
tatem posset accedere, Cic. : to these v ere 
a.’d eighteen ships, huc accedebant octo- 
decim naves, Caes.: to this it was a.’d 
that Hortensius came into the theatre, 
accessit huc quod in theatrum Horten- 
sius introiit, Cael. ap. Cic.: to this it 
was a.’d that there was no hope, eo acce- 
debat ut nihil spei esset, Liv. 
adder: 1, cdliiber, bri, m.: Virg. : 
Ov. A female adder, colubra: Hor.: 
i Q. vipéra: Prop.: Virg.: Hor. 
adder-stone: échités, ae, m.: Plin. 
addict: ¢o devote (oneself): v. To 
DEVOTE; GIVE UP (II.). Chiefly in pass. 
and in bad sense, as, fo be a.’d to glut- 
tony, ventrideditum (esse), Sall. Phr.: 
to become a.'d, or to a. oneself to dis- 
graceful crimes (lit. to plunge into 
them), se in flagitia ingurgitare, Cic. : 
V. TO PLUNGE. 
addicted: d@ditus (with dat.): a 
disposition a. to lust, animus libidini a., 
Cic.: a, to sensual pleasures, corporis 
gaudiis d., Sall.: v. pevorep, 
addition: |. The act of adding 
numerically or otherwise: 1, Expr. 
by inf. and ger. of verbs given under to 
add (q.v.): as, addition and subtrac- 
tiun are different, *aliud est numero ad- 











ADDRESS 


ADHERENT 





dere, aliud detrahere, etc. 2, accessio: 
the a. of a few years, accessio paucorum 
annorum, Cic.: also of the thing added : 
an a. to a tax, a. decumae, Cic. 3. 
adjectio: heat is not aided by the a. of 
heat, calor non adjuvatur adjectione ca- 
loris, Sen. Also of the thing added: 
the power of Rome was increased by the 
a. of the Alban people, Romana res ad- 
jectione populi Albani aucta, Liv. Il. 
The thing added (v. also supr. 2, 3): 
1, additamentum: an a. of enemies, 
a. inimicorum, Cic. 2. appendix, 
icis, f.: the small a. of the Etruscan 
war, exigua a, Etrusci belli, Liv: Phr. 
An a. in writing, ascriptio: Cic.: im 
addition to, praeter: Vv. BESIDES. 
additional: additicius: Cato thinks 
that the intercalary month is a., Cato 
putat mensem intercalarem a. esse, 
Cels. Dig. 
addled-egg: Ovum irritum, trinum, 
et zéphyrium : Plin.: abortivum 6vum, 
Mart. 
addle - headed: inanis, vanus: 
SILLY, FOOLISH. 
address (verb) : |. To direct dis- 
course either spoken or written to any 
one: 1, adéo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (with 
ad or acc.): to address any one in writ- 
ing, per epistolam aliquem a., Pl.: I 
remember that certain persons a.’d me, 
ad me adire quosdam memini, Cic.: to a. 
the gods, deos a., Cic. Q. affari, fatus, 
I (v. TO SPEAK TO): to a. any one by 
name, aliquem nomine a., Cic.. we a. 
Vesta in prayer, precando affamur Ves- 
tam, Ov. 8. alldquor, léciitus, 3 Ns 
TO SPEAK TO): to a. @ person mildly, 
hominem blande a., Ter.: he a.’d the 
senate in @ set speech, senatum compo- 
sita oratione allocutus est, Tac. 4. 
appello, 1 (¥. TO accosT): with what 
countenance shall I address my father ? 
quo ore appellabo patrem? Ter.: hea.’d 
the ambassadors too haughtily, legatos 
superbius appellavit, Cic. com- 
pello, 1 (v. TO accost): to address in 
song, carmine c., Cat. 6. aggrédior, 
gressus, 3 (usu. with some defining 
word): why should not I a, this 
man about her? quin ego hunc a. de 
illa? Pl.: toa. any one, aliquem dictis 
a., Virg.: Tac. Il. Zo write a di- 
rection upon a letter, etc.: inscribo, 
scripsi, scriptum, 3: the boy read a letter 
a.’d to his father, puer legit epistolam 
inscriptam patri, Cic. : I will thank you 
to cause to be conveyed to M. Curius the 
small parcel which is a.d to him, tu 
fasciculum qui est M. Curio inscriptus 
velim cures ad eum perferendum, Cic. 
Phr.: Ihada.’d (strictly, given, i.e. to 
the letter-carrier) a letter to you about 
Dionysius, literas ad te de Dionysio de- 
dissem, Cic, 
address (subs.): |, A speaking to: 
], alldquium: a gentle a., lene a., 
Liv. Q. affatus, us: Virg. a 
alldctitio: Plin.: Suet.: (esp. @ conso- 
latory address): Cat.: Sen. eA 
document drawn up to be laid before 
some person or persons in authority : 
1, libellus, i, m.: Atticus drew up an 
a. and gave it me to present to Caesar, 
Atticus 1. composuit, eum mihi dedit, 
ut darem Caesari, Cic.: v. PETITION. 
Q. codicillus, i, m. (usu. in pl.) : 
to petition for anything by an a., pre- 
cari aliquid per codicillos, Tac. Vi. 
Manner of speaking to or behaving se- 
fore others: Phr.: to be a person. of 
good a., omni vita atque victu excultum 
atque expolitum esse, Cic. (v. REFINED) : 
to have no a@., inhumanum esse; urbani- 
tatis expertem esse: in communi vita 
et vulgari hominum consuetudine he- 
betem esse ac rudem, Cic.: communi 
y, REFINED, 
Qeavs 


Vv. 


epistolae inscriptio (gen. term, includ- 
ing all kinds of inscriptions: q.v.) 
Phr.: The greater part of your letters 
only announced to me your a., vlerae- 


| Caes. : 


que (epistolae) tantummodo mihi nun- 
tiabant ubi esses, Cic.: I see that your 
a. in travelling is altogether uncertain, 
loca et itinera tua nihil habere certi 
video, Cic. 

adduce: to bring forward witnesses 
or testimony : 1, do, dédi, datum, 
dare: when I shall a. witnesses from 
Sicily, let him select whom he pleases, 
cum testes ex Sicilia dabo, quem volet, 
eligat, Cic. : to a. witnesses of each fact, 
testes in singulas res d., Cic. 2. pro- 
diico, xi, ctum, 3: to a. witnesses before 
the jury, testes ad judices p., Cic. 3. 
proféro, tili, latum, irr.: J will a. wit- 
nesses, proferam testes, Cic.: to a, evi- 
dence, testimonia p., Nep. Phr.: they 
a. many things as piobable proofs 
against that view, multa in eam partem 
probabiliter argumentantur, Cic.: v. To 
ALLEGE, BRING FORWARD, CITE, QUOTE. 

adept (subs.): antistes, stitis (tig.) 
Vv. MASTER. 

adequacy: V. SUFFICIENCY. 

adequate : ], iddnéus: v. Fr, 
SUITABLE. Q, satis (adv.: of quantity 
deemed sufficient): to keep possession of 
the harbour with such garrison as he 
thought a., cum eo praesidio quod s. esse 
arbitrabatur portum tenere, Caes.: an a. 
supply of fodder, pabuli s. magna copia, 
Caes. 3, aptus (v. Fir): setting out 
with an a. army, profectus a. exercitu, 
Liv.: an ancestral estate with a. house- 
hold goods, avitus apto cum lare fundus, 
Hor. 4, dignus (meet, worthy): an a. 
punishment, d. poena [pro factis], Sall. 
Cat. 51, ad init.: Virg. Aen. 1, 600. 
Phr.: to be a. to the bearing of a 
burden, oneri ferendo esse, Liv. 

adequately ; v. SUFFICIENTLY. 

adhere: |. To stick or cling 
to; whether lit. or fig. : ], haereo, 
haesi, haesum, 2 (usu. with in and abl. ; 
abl. alone ; or dat.): the shoe a.s to the 
foot, in pede calceus h., Hor.: foot a.s 
to foot, and man to man in serried 
array, h. pede pes, densusque viro vir. 
Virg.: the wreath a.s to the head, h. 
capiti corona, Hor. Fig.: all the blame 
a.s to you, in te omnis h. culpa, Ter: 

2. cdhaereo, 2 (constr. same as 
haereo, or absol.): pearls a. to shells, 
margaritae c. in conchis, Plin.: she ad 
to the rock, scopulo cohaesit, Ov.: the 
universe a.s so fitly together, mundus 
ita aptec., Cic.: v. TO COHERE. 3. 
Inhaereo, 2 (with ad and acc.; or as 
haereo) : to a. to rocks (as shell-fish), ad 
saxa inh., Cic.: the poisoned tunic had 
a.d to his entrails, tincta tunica visceri- 
bus (also in visceribus) inhaeserat, Cic. 
Nore. In addition to the above we have 
the inceptives haeresco (rare), cohae- 
resco, inhaeresco (only in imperf. 
tenses), with same construction and 
sense as the above: as, the atoms a. 
together, atomi cohaerescunt inter se, 
Cic. : phlegm a.ing to the throat, pituita 
in gula cohaerescens, Plin.: v. TO CLING 
TO. I]. Zo remain attached to, to 
abide by: 1, manéo, mansi, mansum, 
2 (with in and abl.): if they would a. 
to what had been agreed upon, si in eo 
manerent quod convenisset, Caes.: to 
adhere to an opinion, in sententia m., 
Cic.: to a. to the truth, in veritate m., 
Cic., (also veritatem retinere, Cic.) 
9, sto, stéti, statum, 1 (with in or 

abl.) : we must adhere to what has been 
decided, stare oportet in eo quod sit 
judicatum, Cic. : to adhere to agreements, 
conventis stare, Cic.: v. TO STAND TO 
or BY ; ATTACH ONESELF. 

adhere together: cohaereo, cdhae- 
resco: V. TO ADHERE (2). 

adherence: VY. ADHESION. 

adherent: 1, assecla (ads.), m. 
(usu. with an implication of contempt) - 
he had bestowed the tetrarchy upon some 
a., I know not whom, tetrarchiam as- 
seclae nescio cui dederat, Cic. 2. 
| assectator: some old a., quidam vetus 
| a., Cic.: an auditor and a, of Protago- 
| ras, auditor a.que Protagorae, Gell. 
| 
| 





8, fautor: an a. of the nobility, 

nobilitatis f., Cic. 4, cliens, entis: 

Tac.; Vv. DEPENDENT. Phr.s 
13 


ADHESION 





ADJUTANT 


ADMIRABLY 





those a.s of Plato and Aristotle, illi a 
Platone et Aristotele, Cic.: the a.s of 
Sulla, faventes Sullae partibus, Vell.: 
to be the a.s of any one, stare ab aliquo, 
Cic.: Vv. FOLLOWER, SUPPORTER. 

adhesion: |. Lit.: sticking to: 
adhaesus, Us, m. (very rare): the a. of 
dust, a. pulveris, Lucr. Better expr. 
by ger., etc. of verb (v. TO ADHERE): 
as, to be fastened to or grow into any- 
thing by a., *adhaerendo affigi, inoles- 
cere, etc. Il. Fig.: attachment to a 
person or party: Phr.: he gave in his 
a. to the party of Vespasian, in partes 
Vespasiani transgressus est, transiit, 
Tac. (v. TO GO OVER): to give in one’s 
a. to the party of the optimates, optima- 
tium partes sequi, Liv. Ep.: one who has 
given in his a. to no philosophical sect, 
nullius addictus jurare in verba magis- 
tri, Hor. 

adhesive: 1. ténax, acis: a.waz, 
cera t., Virg.: a very a. soil, tenacissi- 
mum solum, Plin. 2, glitinosus : 
V. GLUTINOUS, 

adhesiveness: 1, lentor, lentitia : 
V. GLUTINOUSNESS. Q, ténacitas: perh. 
not fonnd in this precise sense: but v. 
ADHESIVE: Cic. uses the word of the 
grasping power of talons. 3, ténax 
natura: V. NATURE. Phr.: a substance 
possessed of the greatest a., res omnium 
tenacissima, Plin. 

adieu: avé, salve, valé: v. FARE- 
WELL. 

adjacent: 14. finitimus, confinis: 
Vv. BORDERING. 9. continens, entis: 
that part of Cappadocia which is a. to 
Cilicia, Cappadociae pars ea quae cum 
Cilicia c. est, Cic. 3, subjectus (lit. 
lying under): a zone of the earth a. to 
the north, cingulus terrae s. aquiloni, 
Cic.: a brook a. to Scipio's camp, rivus 
castris Scipionis s., Caes.: Liv. 4, 
vicinus: Vv. NEIGHBOURING. 5, con- 
terminus: v. BORDERING. To be a., ad- 
jaceo (with dat.; ad and acc.; or acc. 
alone): the Tuscan territory is a. to the 
Roman, a. ager ‘Cuscus Romano, Liv.: 
the nations which are a. to that sea, 
gentes quae mare illud a., Nep.: to be 
a. to the Syrtis, ad Syrtim a., Mela: v. 
TO BORDER ON; ADJOIN. 

adjective: 1. adjectivum nomen, 
Prise. 9, adjectivum, Macr. 
appositum, Quint. 

adjectiveiy : ut appositum, pro ap- 
posito: the word is used a., *vocabulum 
pro apposito ponitur. 

adjoin: |. I'rans.: v. To JOIN 
To. jf. Intrans.: chiefly in part. 
adjoining (q. v.). To adjoin, adjaceo : 
Vv. ADJACENT (/fin.): Vv. TO BORDER 
oN. 
adjoining: 1, adjunctus (with dat. 
or absol.): the windpipe has its entrance 
a. the roots of the tongue, aspera arteria 
ostium habet a. linguae radicibus, Cic. : 
an island a. the town, insula a. oppido, 
Nep.: a. farms, praedia a., Cic. i 
conjunctus (with dat. or absol.): a re- 
gion a. the ocean, regio oceano c., Hirt. : 
dwelling-houses a. the wall, tecta c. 
muro, Liv. 8. contigtius: they lived 
in a. houses, c. tenuere domos, Ov. : Tac. 

4, applicatus, applicitus (with dat. : 
strictly, leaning against): Leucas a. a 
hill, L. colli applicata, Liv.: a sweat- 
ing-chamber a. the bedroom, applicitum 
cubiculo hypocaustum, Plin. 5, ap- 
positus (with dai.): the tenth region of 
Italy a. the Adriatic sea, decima regio 
Italiae Adriatico mari a., Plin.: Tac. 
6, confinis : v. BORDERING. 

adjourn: A.Trans.: 1], amplio, 
I (only of legal cases): the law gives a 
power of adjourning (the cause), lex 
ampliandi facit potestatem, Cic.: toa. 
a man’s case, aliquem a., Cic. (also com- 
pérendino, to a. an accused person to the 
third day: Cic.). Q. différo, distiili, 
dilatum, 3: let us a. the other subjects 
till to-morrow, reliqua differamus in 
crastinum, Cic.: to a. (in the senate) the 
consideration of the Campanians’ case, 
Campanos dif., Liv. 26, 33. 8. pro- 
féro, 3: the matter was a.’d for a year, 
res in annum prolatae, Liv.: v. To 


14 





PUT OFF, POSTPONE. B. Intrans,: 
Phr.: the council resolved to a. till the 
following day, *visum est concilio rem 
(integram) in crastinum differre, pro- 
ferre (integram would imply that the 
matter was not discussed at all on the 
first occasion). 
adjournment: (0 a legal case): 
1, ampliatio: Sen.: Ascon. ad Cic. 
(also compérendinatio, which was an a. 
of the accused person’s case till the third 
day). Q, dilatio (gen. term): to beg 
Jor an a. of a case, a. petere, Suet. : 
*Cic.: V. DELAY, POSTPONEMENT. Phr.: 
by the a. of the matter from day to day, 
*ex die in diem (diem de die, Liv.) rem 
differendo, proferendo: to oppose the a., 
*eniti ne aliquid differatur: during the 
time of the a. of the council, *concilic 
intermisso; dum concilium intermit- 
titur: v. TO ADJOURN. 
adjudge: 1, addico, dixi, dictum, 
3: toa.a free person to slavery, liberum 
corpus in servitutem a., Liv. 9. ad- 
judico, 1: no one doubted that the house 
had been a.d to us, nemo dubitabat quin 
domus nobis esset adjudicata, Cic.: v. 
TO AWARD, DECREE, SENTENCE. 
adjudicate: Vv. TO DECIDE, JUDGE. 
adjudication: 1. addictio: the 
a. and delivery of goods and possessions 
(estate), bonorum possessionumque a. 
et condonatio, Cic. 2. adjudicatio : 
Dig. 8. More usu. expr. by part. of 
verb: as, to set any one’s a. at nought, 
alicujus rem judicatam irritam facere, 
Cic.: Vv. TO DECIDE, JUDGE. 
adjunct: 1, adjunctio: an a. of 
virtue, virtutis a., Cic. 2. accessio : 
Syphax an a. of the Punic war, Sy- 
phax a, Punici belli, Liv.: Plin. 3. 
appendix, icis,/.: Vv. APPENDAGE. 
adjuration: i.e., appeal to an oath 
or some sacred thing : 1, obtestatio : 
itis my place to remember with what 
(solemn) a. you charged me, mei officii 
est meminisse qua ob. mihi mandaris, 
Cic.; to have recourse to prayers and 
a.s, in preces ob.que verti, Liv. 2. 
obsecratio: an a. of the judges by their 
dearest ties, o. judicum per carissima 
pignora, Cic.; v. ENTREATY. 
adjure: 1, obtestor,1: Ja. you by 
all the gods to undertake the whole busi- 
ness, per omnes deos te obtestor ut totam 
rem suscipias, Cic.: J a. and implore 
all the gods, deos omnes imploro atque 
ob., Cic.: I beseech and a. you to show 
this man pity, oro ob.que vos ut miseri- 
cordiam huic tribuatis, Cic. 2. ob- 
secro, 1: lo entreat and a. any one, ali- 
quem orare atque ob., Cic.: he a.d him 
by the ashes of his departed brother, eam 
ob. per fratris sui mortui cineres, Cic. 
Norte, obtestor and obsecro had both orig. 
a religious force, obtestor always re- 
tained this meaning, but obsecro freq. 
means simply to entreat : v. TO ENTREAT: 
often in combination with obtestor: 
as, id ut facias obtestor atque obsecro, 
Cic. 
adjust: |. To cause to fit, adapt : 
1, apto, 1 (with dat.): to a. chains 
to the neck, vincula colloa., Ov.: to a. 
arrows to the string. sagittas nervo a., 
Virg. 2, concinno, 1: to a. a robe, 
pallam c., Pl.: v. TO ARRANGE, FIT. 
Il. Zo settle (differences): q. v. 
adjuster: v- ARRANGER. 
adjustment: 1, compositio : the 
a. of things, rerum c., Cic. 2. struc- 
tira: the a. of stones (in building), s. 
lapidum, Quint.: Ceis.: the a. of the 
toga, togae s., Macr.: v. ARRANGEMENT, 
SETTLEMENT. 
adjutancy : 
V. ADJUTANT. 
adjutant: optio, Onis, m. (‘This was 
the title of assistant officers appointed 
by the tribumes of the legion : ‘ optiones 
ab optando appellati, quod anteceden- 
trbus aegritudine praepeditis, hi tan- 
quam adoptati eorum atque vicarii so- 
lent universa curare, Veget. 2,1): a. 
of the first legion, optio tribuni legionis 
primae, Inscr. We also find adjutor tri- 
buni, Inscr.: while Kraft (s. v.) gives 
adjutor castrensis, after Wyttenbach. 


optionatus, is: Cato: 








admeasurement: V. MEASURE, 
MEASUREMENT. 
administer : |. To manage, exe- 


cute (q. v.): administro, 1: toa. public 
affairs, rempublicam a., Liv.: to a. the 
laws, leges a., Cic. I]. Zo dispense 
(justice) : 1. reddo, didi, ditum, 3: 
to a. justice, jura reddere, Liv.; jus red- 
dere, Tac.: Suet. 2, dico, dixi, dic- 
tum, 3: Volcatius a.s justice at Rome, 
Volcatius Romae jus d., Cic. II. Zo 
cause tu take (medicine): 1, do, dedi, 
datum, dire: to a. medicine to any one, 
medicamentum alicui d., Cic. 9. ad- 
hibéo, 2: Hippocrates forbids us to a. 
medicine to those whose rec very is hope- 
less, desperatis Hippocrates vetat a. 
medicinam, Cic. §, ingéro, gessi, ges- 
tum, 3 (only with ref. to beasts: with 
acc. and ad; acc. alone; or abl.): Plin.: 
Pall.  |¥. To cause to take (an oath): 
1, adigo, gi, actum, 3 (with ace. 
of person and jusjurandum: this verb 
implies that the taking of the oath was 
compulsory): an oath being a.d to all, 
omnibus jusjurandum adactis, Caes.: he 
a.d an oath to the accomplices of his 
crime, ad jusjurandum populares sceleris 
sui adegit, Sall.: he a.’d an oath to the 
people, populum jurejurando adegit, Liv. 
, Togo, I (with abl. sacrament) : 
to a.an oath to soldiers, milites sacra- 
mento r., Caes,: Liv. V. Legal ¢. t.: 
to act as administrator (q. v.) of the pro- 
perty of an intestate person: proctiro, 
I (?): to a. an inheritance, hereditatem 
ab intestato p., cf. Cic. Att. 6,9: tv a. 
to one’s father, patri p., Scaev. Vi. 
To supply or contribute to: q. Vv. 
administration: |. Execution, 
management : 1, administratio: the 
performance and a. of great affairs, 
rerum magnarum agitatio atque a., Cic. : 
the a. of public affairs, a. reipublicae, 


Cic. 2. ctira: the whole a. of public 
affairs, omnis ec. rerum publicarum, 
Sall. 3, procuratio: the a. of public 


affairs, p. reipublicae, Cic. Phr.: to 
intrust the consuls with the entire a. of 
the state, consulibus rempublicam per 
mittere, Cic.: Vv. DIRECTION, MANAGE: 
MENT. I]. The persons constituting 
the government of a country: v. GO- 
VERNMENT (IV.). Ill. Dispensation, 
distribution: Phr.: the a. of justice, 
jurisdictio: I had finished the a. of 
justice, jurisdictionem confeceram, Cic. : 
time is given in trials and the a. of 
justice, tempus in judiciis ac foro datur, 
Quint. : Cic. IV. Legal t.t.: Phr.: 
to grant letters of a. to an intestate’s 
estate, *permittere ut quis ab intestato 
heres fiat; s. bonis ab intestato succe- 
dat ; jus bonorum ab intestato procuran- 
dorum alicui deferre: v. INTESTATE. 
administrative: Phr.: to possess 
a. ability, *in rebus ordinandis atque 
gerendis excellere: as a politician, *rei- 
publicae administrandae peritum esse : 
the whole a. power is vested in the king, 
*tota potestas reipublicae administran- 
dae regem penes est: a. reform, *rerum 
publicarum (or reipublicae) administra- 
tionis correctio; v. TO ADMINISTER. 
administrator: |. 4 manager. 
1, administrator: a general is an 
a. for carrying on war, imperator est a. 
belli gerendi, Cic. 2. proctrator: 
the a. of a kingdom, regnip.,Caes. [I 
Legal t. t. a person empowered by letters 
of administration to manage and dis- 
pose of an estate: * procurator bonorum 
intestati ; or ab intestato: v. INTESTATE, 
admirable: Deserving of admira- 
tion: 1, admirabilis: a man a, in 
oratory, a. in dicendo vir, Cic.: @ more 
a. speech, admirabilior oratio, Cic.: a. 
and exemplary wisdom, a. et singularis 
sapientia, Cic. 2. mirabilis (v. WoN- 
DERFUL): you have done greater and 
more a. things, majora ac mirabiliora 
fecisti, Cic. 3, admirandus: patient 
to an a. degree, patiens a. in modum, 
Nep.: Vv. WONDERFUL, EXCELLENT. 
admirable (inte7j.): eugé: Pl.: Ter. 
admirableness; v. WONDERFUL- 
NESS, EXCELLENCE. 


admirably: 1, admirabiliter: t 





— ~a2r yw. wo. 


ADMIRAL 





manage all things a., omnia a. adminis- 
trare, Cic.: Asia has received us a., nos 
Asia accepit a., Cic. Q. praeclaré: a 
statue a made of marble, simulacrum 
p. factum e marmore, Cic.: to say 
anything a., aliquid p. dicere, Cic.: v. 
EXCELLENTLY. 

admiral: 1, praefectus classis, Cic.: 
Liv. 9. classi praepodsitus: Suet. 
Phr.: to appoint any one a., aliquem 
navibus praeponere, Cic.; aliquem 
classi praeficere, Caes.: to bean a., classi 
praeesse, Suet.: lord high a., toti officio 
maritimo praepositus, Caes.: the oflice of 
a., *classis praefectura: the a.’s ship, 
praetoria navis, L.iv.; imperatoria na- 
vis, Plin. 

admiralt ie. the buard of direc- 
tion in anaL frais ii qui toti officio 
maritimo praepositi sunt (cf. Caes. B. C. 
3, 5). A board of tivo corresponding to 
our admiralty are designated by Livy, 
9, 30, duumviri navales classis ornandae 
reficiendaeque causa. 

a tion: admiratio: those per- 
sons are objects of a. who are thought to 
surpass others wn virtue, admiratione 
afficiuntur ii qui anteire ceteris virtute 
putantur, Cic.: justice procures a. (for 
those who display it), justitia conficit a., 
Cic.: this excites very great a. in me, 
hoc mihi maximam a. movet, Cic.: the 
a.of men, humana a., Liv.: worthy of a., 
admirandus, admirabilis, etc.: v. apD- 
MIRABLE. 

admire: 1, admiror, 1 (usu. but not 
always in good sense): I greatly a. your 
ability, ingenium tuum vehementer ad- 
miror, Cic.: people most of all a. him 
who is not influenced by money, maxime 
admirantur eum qui pecunia non mo- 
vetur, Cic. 2. miror, 1 (strictly only 
to wonder at: q.v.): to a. and extol 
anything too much, aliquid nimium m. 
atque efferre, Cic.: to a. foolishly, stulte 
m., Hor.: to a. statues, signa m., Sall.: 
to a. oneself (i.e. be vain), se mirari, 
Cat. Phr.: not to be a.d, admirationem 
non habere, Cic.: to be greatly a.d, in 
magna admiratione esse, Plin. 
amo (to love): Vv. TO LOVE 

admirer: 1. admirator : an a. of 
antiquity, antiquitatis a., Quint. PA. 
mirator: an a, of himself, sui m., Sen. 

8. laudator: an a.of the time when 
he was a boy, 1. temporis acti se puero, 
Hor.: Vv. APPLAUDER. 4, amans (a 
lover): ¥. LOVER. 

admiringly: mostly with to look, 
gaze; when it may be expr. by (1.) 
miror: as, to look a. on statues, pictures, 
chased plate, signa, tabulas pictas, vasa 
caelata m., Sall. A stronger expression is 
(2.) stiipeo, to gaze a., or in stupified 
astonishment (with in and abl.; abl. 
alone; or absol.: also poet. acc.): while 
you speak thus, we look on a., haec cum 
loqueris nos s., Cic.: to gaze a. on in- 
scriptions and busts, s. in titulis imagi- 
nibusque, Hor.: to look a.wpon bronzes, 
aere s., Hor.: some look a, on the fatal 
gift, pars stupet donum exitiale, Virg. 
May also be expr. by imperf. part. : as, 
She gazes a., *mirans intuetur; or, cum 
(magna, maxima, etc.) admiratione in- 
tuetur. 

admissibility: expr. by gerund. of 
verbs signifying to admit, and verb 
sum; as, the judge decided in favour 
of the a. of the evidence, praetor judi- 
cavit testimonium sumendum esse (cf. 
Cic. Rose. Com. 3, 9): there can be 
no doubt as to the a. of the evidence, 
*dubitari non potest quin sumendum sit 
testimonium: we were in doubt as to 
the a.of your friend into the club, *du- 
bitabamus num amicus tuus in soda- 
litatem co-optandus esset (or co-optari 
deberet). 

admissible: expr. by gerund. of 
verbs signifying to admit (q. v.): as, 
Caesar thought that proposals from those 
who had begged for peace, and then with- 
out provocation, had made war, were 
not a., Caesar conditiones accipiendas 
non arbitrabatur ab iis qui, petita pace, 
ultro bellum iatulissent, Caes.: this evi- 
dence is not a., *hoc testimonium sumen- 


ADMONISH 





dum nonest.: this man is not a into our | same): 


club, *hie homo in nostram sodalitatem 
non est co-optandus (or, dignus non est 
qui in nostram sodalitatem co-optetur) : 
your claim is not a., *postulationi tuae 
concedendum non est, 

admission : |. A letting in, or 
being let in: 1, aditus, accessus- v. 
ACCESS. 92, admissio (in late writers: 
esp. of admission to a person of import- 
ance): to grant a. to any one, alicui a. 
dare, Plin.: Sen. 3, admissus, fis (late 
and very rare): the a. of the sun, solis 
a. Pall. 4, expr. by verb: as un- 
worthy of a., indignus qui accipiatur, 
admittatur, etc.: to pollute the senate by 
the a. of the sons of freedmen, senatum 
libertinorum filiis lectis inquinare, Liv. : 
v. to ADMIT. ||. Acknowledgment, 
confession, q.V. 

admit: |. Zoallow to enter: 1. 
admitto, misi, missum, 3 (with im or ad 
and acc.): to admit an ambassador into 
one’s bed-room, legatum in cubiculum 
a. Cic. Fig.: we are not a.’d (to exa- 
mine) the fasti, ad fastos non admitti- 
mur, Liv.: the mention of peace must 
not be a.’d to our ears, pacis mentio au- 
ribus admittenda non est, Liv. Dy 
récipio, 3: J am shut out, he ts a.’d., ego 
excludor, ille recipitur, Ter.: to a. any- 
one into one’s territories, aliquem finibus 
snis r., Caes.: to a, a person to one’s 
house, hominem domum suam r., Cic.: 
to a. anyone to banquets, aliquem ad 
epulas r., Cic. Fig.: toa. Tarquin into 
the state, Tarquinium in civitatem r., 
Cic.: to a. a person to one’s friendship, 
hominem in amicitiam r., Sall. 35 
récepto, 1 (to a. often): to a. traders, 
mercatores r., Liv. 4. accipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3: to a. water (of a@ ship), a 
imbrem, Virg. Fig.: a.’d to the rights 
of citizenship, in civitatem accepti, Liv. : 
Cic. 5, ascisco, scivi, scitum, 3: 
(fig.): they were at the same time a.’d 
into the state and into the senate, simul 
in civitatem et patres asciti sunt, Liv.: 


few were a.’d toa knewledge of the crime, 


in conscientiam facinoris pauci asciti, 
Tac. I]. Zo admit of, allow: récipio, 
3: theaffair now a.ing no further delay, 
re jam non ultra recipiente cunctatio- 
nem, Liv.: neither does virtue a. of in- 
constancy, nor nature of fickleness, nec 
inconstantiam virtus r., nec varietatem 


natura, Cic.; fear does not a. of pity, 
timor misericordiam non r., Caes. I. 
To receive as true or valid: 1, d 


dédi, datum, dire: if you a. the “first 
you must a. all, prima si dederis, danda 
sunt omnia, Cic.: v. to GRANT. Ot 
nosco, novi, notum, 3: that part of the 
apology I neither a. nor approve, illam 
partem excusationis nec n. nec probo, 
Cic.: I am afraid that no one will a. 
that reason, vereor ne istam causam 
nemo noscat, Cic.: v. to ACKNOWLEDGE. 
admittance: Vv. ADMISSION. 
admitted, it is: constat, 1 (usu. 
with acc. and inf.): it is a.d by all, 
inter omnes constat, Cic.: if is a.d by 
the augurs that their number ought to 
be unequal, inter augures constat, an 
parem numerum debere esse, Liv. 
the major premiss contains some aie: 
ous fact, which must be a.’d by all, pro- 
positio in se quiddam continet perspi- 
cuum et quod constare inter omnes ne- 
cesse est, Cic. 
admitting that: v. cranris 
admixture: Vv. MIXTURE. 
admonish: 1, mo6néo, 2 (usu. 
with ut or ne and subj,, unless it signify 
to remind of an actual fact: v. to kE- 
MIND): nor do we attend to those things 
of which we are a.’d by nature, nec ea 
quae a natura monemur, audimus, Cic. : 
he a.s Dumnoriz to avoid all causes of 
suspicion for the future, Dumnorigem 
m., ut in reliquum tempus omnes suspic- 
iones vitet, Caes. 2. adminéo, 2 
(sense and constr. same as moneo): to 
a. in a very friendly way, amicissime 
adm., Cic.: it is absurd for you to a. me 
of that, ridiculum est te istuc me adm., 
Ter.: Caes. 8, comminéo, 2 (some- 
what stronger than moneo: constr, the 





ADOPTION 








the examples of others a. me 


| how easy and useful this is for me, quam 


mihi sit facile atque utile aliorum ex- 
empla c., Ter.: Cic.: v. to ADVISE, RE- 
COMMEND, REMIND. 
, 2dmonisher : monitor, admoénitor: 
. ADVISER, MONITOR. 
Dedman admonition: |, 
The act of admonishing : 1, monitio: 
let a. be without bitterness, m. acerbitate 


careat, Cic. 2. admdnitio: a. isa 
kind of more gentle reproof, a. quasi 
lenior objurgatio est, Cic. 3. expr. 


by gerund. of verbs to admonish (q. v.) : 
as, neither by a. nor by reproof, *nec 
admonendo nec objurgando, etc Il. 
The words uttered : 1, monitum: to 
be led by the a.s of the gods, deorum 
monitis duci, Cic. 2. admodnitum 
very rare): Cic. 8, monitus, fis: to 

liver severe a.s, mM. acres tradere, Val. 
FL: the a.s of lightnings, m. fulminum, 
Plin. 4, admdnitus (found in abl. 
sing. only): by the a. of the pullarié 
(keepers of sacred fowl), admonitu pul- 
lariorum, Cic. (monitio, admonitio, also 
may be used in this concrete sense; Cic. 
Suet.) : v. ADVICE, WARNING. 

admonitory: monitorius: a. light- 
ning, m. fulmen, Sen. 

ado: Difficulty, trouble: q. v.: 
chiefly in certain phr.: as, with much 
ado, aegré, vix: V. WITH DIFFICULTY: 
to make much ado about nothing, arcem 
facere e cloaca, Cic.: fluctus in simpulo 
excitare, Cic. (Vv. FUSS): without more 
ado, statim: Vv. IMMEDIATELY. 

adolescence: addlescentia: Cic. : v. 
YOUTH. 

adolescent: Addlescens, entis: ana. 
man, homo a. Cic.: an a. daughter, 
filia adolescens, Cic. 

adopt: |]. Lit.: To admit as a 
member of a family: 1. adopto, 1 
(of a minor): he a.’d the younger Scipio 


Srom the family of Paulus, minorem 


Scipionem a Paulo adoptavit, Cic.: to a. 
anyone into a family, aliquem in fami- 
liam ad., Suet. Q. arrégo, 1 (only of 
adults, or of persons sui juris, and ef- 
fected only by a lex curiata): to a. as 
@ son, ar. aliquem in locum filii, Ulp.: 
Gell.: Dig. 3. assimo, sumpsi, 
sumptum, 3: to a. @ son, filium ass. 
Plin. : Tac. 4, in familiam indiico: 
he had ad Agrippa’s sons, Caius and 
Lucius, into the family of the Caesars, 
genitos Agrippa, C. et L., in familiam 
Caesarum induxerat, Tac. Il. ‘Fig.: 
To admit, resolve on, choose, etc. 1 
ascisco, scivi, scitum, 3 (of aise cus- 
toms, rites, ete.): which laws the Latins 
a.’d, quas leges Latini asciverunt, Cic. : 
to a. foreign rites, peregrinos ritus asc., 
Liv.: to a. new words, asc. nova verba, 
Hor. Q, assimo, 3: the rites of Ceres 
were a.d from Greece, sacra Cereris as- 
sumpta de Graecia sunt, Cic. Phr.: to 
a. any one’s opinion (only of senators, 
who divided on a question), in alicujus 
sententiam pedibus ire, Liv.: to a. @ 
certain course, aliquam rationem sequi, 
Cie. (v. to FOLLOW): to a. a plan of 
doing something, consilium aliquid fa- 
ciendi capere, inire, Caes.: toa. Persian 
customs, mores Persarum induere, Nep. : 
similarly, peregrinis moribus se oblinere 
(only of bad customs), Cic.: they had 
a.’d Roman rites, Romana sacra suscep- 
erant, Liv. 3 

adopter: |. Lit: 1. ane 
tator (of a minor): Gell.: Ulp. i 
arrdgator (of an adult): Gaius. Il. 
Fig.: expr. by rel. and verb: as, the 
a.s of this opinion, *qui hanc senten- 
tiam sequuntur, tuentur: v. to ADOPT, 
FOLLOW. 

adoption: |, Lit.: 1, adoptio 
(of a minor): a@.s of sons, adoptiones 
filiorum, Cic.: ad. by a consul, ad. con- 
sularis, Quint. 9. adoptatio (i. q. 
adoptio): Sall.: Gell. 3. arrégatio 
(of an adult or a person sutjurts): Gell. : 
Dig. I. Fig.: of customs, laws, etc. 
assumptio: something worthy of a. 
aliquid dignum assumptione, Cic.— 
Note. Often better expr. by part. cf 
verb: as, nor was the a of Tiberius as 

15 


AD OE TLV E 





his successor dictated by affection, ne 
Tiberium quidem caritate successorem 
ascitum, Tac.: by the a. of this plan, 
noc consilio capto, mito, etc.: v. to 
ADOPT. 

adoptive: adoptivus. a. sacred rites, 
sacra ad., Cic.: an a. father, pater ad., 
Ulp.: an a. son, ad, filius, Suet. 

adorable; i. e. deserving of adora- 
tion or worship: use gerund. of verbs 
to adore, worship: as, 0 Phoebus and 
Diana ruler of the woods, ever a. and 
adored, Phoebe silvarumque potens Di- 
ana, © colendi semper et culti, Hor.: 
similarly with adorandus (Suet.); vene- 
randus (Cic.); though no one of the 
above is quite so strong as the English 
word. 

adorably: perh. diviné : v. DIVINELY. 

adoration: V. WORSHIP. 

adore: |. Strictly, to worship, re- 
verence, pray to: vénéror, 1: adoro, I: 
V. TQ WORSHIP, REVERENCE, PRAY TO. 

||. In modified sense, to be devoted 

to, admire : q. v. (corap. also ADORABLE, 
Jjin.). 

adorer: V. WORSHIPPER, ADMIRER. 

adorn: 1, orno,1: to a. the horns 
with garlands, cornua sertis o., Virg. 
Fig.: yowhave always a.’d your art, is- 
tam artem semper ornasti, Cic. 9. ex- 
orno, 1: statues a. the place, signa locum 
ex., Cic. Fig.: to a. philosophy with 
false glory, philosophiam falsa gloria ex., 
Cie.—Nore. Both orno and exorno sig- 
nify also to fit out, equip (q.v.); while the 
two following words, decoro, distinguo 
(properly, to mark here and there), refer 
more exclusively to decoration. : 
déciro, 1: tu a. a town with monuments, 
oppidum monumentis d., Cic.: to a. & 
funeral pile with glittering arms, pyram 
fulgentibus armis d., Virg. Fig.: they 
used to a. the temples of the gods with 
their piety, delubra deorum pietate de- 
corabant, Sall. 4, distinguo, stinxi, 
stinctum, 3 (v. Note, supr.): toa. a cup 
with gems, a. poculum gemmis, Cic. : 
the heavens a.’d with stars, coelum astris 
distinctum (studded) et ornatum, Plin. 
Fig.: to a. a speech, orationem d., Cic. 

5, illustro, 1: i.e. to render bril- 

liant, distinguished: to a. a man with 
praise, il. aliquem laudibus, Luce. ap. 
Cic.: figurative expressions a. speech, il, 
orationem translata verba, Cic. 6. 
cdlo, colui, cultum, 3: they a. their 
wrists and arms with gold, brachia et 
dacertos auro colunt, Curt. (but this is a 
rare use: it mostly denotes to bestow 
care upon, and so to adorn): to a. 
(strictly, attend to) the person, corpora 
c., Ov.: Tib. Similarly 7, excodlo, 
3: to a a@ floor with marbles, marmo- 
ribus solum ex., Plin. 8. cOmo, mpsi, 
mptum, 3 (strictly only of the hair): v. 
to DECK, EMBELLISH. 

adorned; (in addition to the parti- 
ciples ornatus, exornatus, distinctus, 
etc., v. to ADORN): décOrus: Bacchus 
a, with golden horn, Bacchus aureo 4d. 
cornu, Hor.: Caesar a. with the well- 
earned wreath, Caesar merita fronde d., 
Hor.: chiefs a. with purple, ductores 
ostro d., Virg.: Vv. GRACEFUL, COMELY. 

adorner; exernator : Cic. 

adornment: _ |. Theactof adorn. 
ing. 1, exornatio: things which per- 
tain to a., quae ad ex. pertinent, Cic. ap. 
Col. 9. omauo: Vitr. 8, orna- 
tus, tis, m.: nor is there only one mode 
of a. (of the hair), nec genus ornatus 
unum est, Ov.: for the a. of his aedile- 
ship, ad ornatum aedilitatis, Cic, 4. 
Expr. by gerund.: as, to use figures for 
the a. of speech, *ad orationem ornan- 
dam atque illustrandam verbis translatis 
uti: v. to ADORN, ||, That with which 
anything is a.’d: ormamentum, ornatus, 
cultus, etc. : Vv. ORNAMENT. 

adrift (udv.): i.e. drifting before the 
wind or current (only in certain phr.): 
to be a. upon the sea, maritimis fluctibus 
jactari, Nep.; in’ salo fluctuare, Cie. 
(whether of ships or persons): to set a 
ship a., *navem solvere et fluctibus com- 
mittere ; *navem fluctibus quequoversus 
deferendam permittere: to set aman a, 

16 








ADVANCE ADVANCE 





in a small boat, *aliquem lintriculo im- 
positum aperto mari committere: v. to 
DRIFT. 

adroit: 1, callidus: Mercury a. 
in concealing by a laughable theft what- 
ever has taken his fancy, Mercurius 
callidus quidquid placuit jocoso condere 
furto, Hor,: vy EXPERT, CLEVER. 2. 
sollers, ertis (sdlers): V. SKILFUL, INGE- 
NIOUS, DEXTEROUS. 

adroitly ; v- DEXTEROUSLY. 

adroitness: V- DEXTERITY. 

adulation: Adilatio, assentatio, etc. 
v. FLATTERY. 

adulator: Vv. FLATTERER. 

adulatory: V- FLATTERING. 

adult (adj.): 1, Adultus: an a. 
maiden, ad. virgo, Cic,: a lad of a. age, 
puer adulta aetate, Cic. 2. pubes, is, 
and éris: till a. age, ad p. aetatem, 
Liv. 3. grandis, e: V. GROWN UP. 

adult (subs.) : 1, adultus homo: 
Vv. ADULT (adj.). 2. puber, pubes, 
éris: as subs. only in pl : all the as 
were put to the sword, omnes p. truci- 
dati sunt, Tac.: Caes.. Liv. 8, As 
collect. subs., pubes, f. (not including 
aged persons) : V. YOUTH, GROWN UP, 

adulterate: 1. adultéro,1: toa. 
balsam, nard, amomum, nardum ad., 
Plin.: to a. very successfully, fallacis- 
sime ad., Plin. >) vitio; 5:! “v.. 10 
CORRUPT, TAMPER WITH. 

adulterated : 1, adultératus: 
a. saltpetre, nitrum ad., Plin, 2), 
Adultérinus: a. scammony, ad. scam- 
monium, Plin.: v. FALSE, COUNTERFEIT. 

adulterater: Adultérator: (app. 
only found in sense of counterfeiter of 
coin): qui adulterat, etc. 

adulteration: 1. Adultératio: 
the a. of saffron, croci ad., Plin. 2 
Adultérium: the a. of honey, mellis 


adulterium, Plin. 
adulterer: 1, Adulter, ri: Cic.: 


Hor. Q, moechus (worxos): Pl.: Ter.: 


p., Hirt.: to a. piece (in playing), ealcu- 
lum p., Quint. 9, admiveo, 2: toa. 
a battering ram, attacking towers, etc. 
against fortifications, (moenibus) arie- 
tem, turres adm., Liv. 3. prového, 
xi, ctum, 3 (v. to CARRY FORWARD): 
esp. as refl. (v.B.) Fig.: to a. any one 
to the consulate, aliquem in consulatum 
pr., Vell.: Suet.. v. to EXALT, PROMOTE. 

4, inféro, tili, latum, 3: esp. in 
phr., to a. the standards against (i.e. 
attaci), signa inf. hostibus, Liv.~ Hirt. ; 
signa inf. in hostes, Caes.; contra hostes, 
Liv. Il. Yo forward, promote: q. v. 

II]. Zo pay beforehand : praerogo, 
1: toa. the money for expenses, expensas 
pr., Cod. : v. TO PAY BEFOREHAND. Phr. : 
to a. ready money, pecuniam praesentem 
nondum debitam solvere, Cic.: some- 
times same astolend,q.v. B, Intrans.: 

|. To move forward : 1, procédo, 
cessi, cessum, 3: to a. from the harbour, 
a portu pr., Cic.: Caesar thought he 
ought to a. farther, Caesar longius pro- 
cedendum existimabat, Caes.: toa. from 
the camp, castris pr., Virg. Fig.: as 
the day a.d, die procedente, Cic.: he 
a.d to such a pitch of folly, eo vecordiae 
processit, Sall. 2, progrédior, gres- 
sus, 3: to a. too far from the camp, 
longius ex castris progredi, Caes.. the 
ships a.d too boldly, naves audacius pro- 
gressae sunt, Caes. 3, provéhor, 
vectus, 3 (esp. of riding or sailing) the 
ships a.dfrom the land, a terra provectae 
sunt naves, Caes.: he a.d on horseback, 
provectus est equo, Liv. 4, inceédy, 
cessi, cessum, 3 (strictly of steady move- 
ment on foot): the barbarians ad 
against the pantc-struck Romans, barbari 
in perculsos Romanos incedere, Sall.: the 
standards of the Spaniards were a.ing 
too slowly, segnius Hispanorum signa 
incedebant, Liv. Fig.: themind will 
more easily a. to invention, facilius ad 
inventionem animus incedet, Cic. 5. 
















































Hor. vado, vasi, vasum, 3 (esp. of the onward 
adulteress: 1, ddultéra; Hor.: | rush of troops): toa. against the enemy, 
9, moecha (worxy): Hor. in hostem v., Liv.: to a. to a not doubt- 


ful death, haud dubiam in mortem v., 
Virg. : Durius a.s to meet Alexander, Da- 
rius obviam v. Alexandro, Justin. 6. 
gradum or pédem inféro, tuli, latum, 3: 
(only of military movements): Liv. |], 
To make progress: 1, procédo, 3: to a. 
in philosophy, in philosophia pr., Cic. : 
to a. in honours, honoribus pr., Cic. 

Q. progrédior, 3: to goforward and 
a. in virtue, procedere et prog. in vir- 
tute, Cic. 3. provéhor, 3: they had 
a.d further in friendship, longius in 
amicitia provecti erant, Cic.: to advance 
from being a private soldier to the chief 
command, e gregario ad summa militiae 
pr., Tac. 4, proficio, féci, fectum, 
3: to a. any way in philosophy, in phi- 
losophia aliquid pr., Cic.: v. TO PRO- 
GRESS. 5, grassor, 1 (rare): the mind 
a.s towards glory by the path of virtue, 
animus ad gloriam virtutis via g., Sall. 
Phr.: to a. towards virtue, progressio- 
nem facere ad virtutem, Cic.: advanc- 


adulterous, ddulter, éra, rum: a. 
locks, a. crines, Hor.: an a. mind (bent 
on adultery), a.mens, Ov.: a. offspring, 
a. partus, Solin. Phr.; a. intercourse, 
adulterii consuetudo, Suet.; v. ADUL- 
TERY. 

adulterously : expr. by case of 
adulterium: to know another man’s wife 
a., adulterio cognoscere alicujus uxorem, 
Justin.; a. begotten, per adulterii con- 
suetudinem procreatus, Suet. 

adultery: ]1. Adultérium: to 
practise a., adulteria exercere, Suet.: to 
be detected in the act of a., in adulterio 
deprehendi, Cic.: to commit a. with a 
man’s wife, a. committere in uxorem 
alienam, Dig.: to commit an act of a., 
ad. facere, Cat.: v. also ADULTEROUSLY. 

2. stuprum (properly and in legal 
sense only of commerce with an un- 
married woman: but in ordinary lan- 
guage of all irregular commerce): he 
committed a. with the queen, s. reginae 


intulit, Cic.: matrons condemned for a., | ing age, ingravescens aetas, Cic. lil. 
matronae stupridamnatae, Liv. Join: | To project, q. v. 

stupra et adulteria. Phr.: to commit advance (swbs.): |. Onward 
a., adultero, 1: Cic.: moechor, 1: Hor.: | movement: esp. in hostile sense : iG 


Cat. 
adumbrate; adumbro, 1 (v. to 
SKETCH, DELINEATE): the lineaments 
and forms of your a.d (i.e. vaguely 
concetved) gods, istorum adumbratorum 
deorum lineamenta atque formae, Cic. 
adumbration: |. The act of 
shadowing forth, of imperfectly repre- 
senting: Adumbratio: some, if not per- 
fect achievement, yet at least aim after 
and 4a., aliqua, si non perfectio, at co- 
natus tamen atque ad., Cic. I]. The 
representation itself. Phr.: an ad. of 
glory, adumbrata imago gloriae, Cic. 
adust: V- BURNT, PARCHED. 
advance (verb): A. Trans.: I. 
To move (push) forward: 1, pro- 
moveo, movi, mMotum,2: Caesar a.d his 
camp, Caesar castra promovit, Caes.: 
the Romans a. their camp to Carthage, 
Romani castra ad Carthaginem p., Liv. : 
Caesar a.s the legions, Caesar legiones 


progressus, tis, m.: a@ headlong a., an 
unsteady return, p. praeceps, inconstans 
reditus, Cic. (more frequent in sense 11, 
q. V.). 9. incursio (i.e. a rapid a.): 
the a. and onset of armed men, inc. 
atque impetus armatorum, Cic.: v. 
ATTACK. 3. impétus: v. ONSET, 
ATTACK. 4. processio or processus 
(rare): a quick return (of troops) rather 
than a farther a., reditus magis ma- 
turus quam processio (al. processus) 
longior, Cic. Phr.: to make an a. 
against any one, ire, vadere, pedem s. 
gradum inferre, in aliquem, etc.: v. to 
ADVANCE. fj, Fig.: progress: q. Ve 

II]. Promotion, preferment: q. Vv. 

IV. Increase of price: Vv. RISE, 
INCREASE. V. A paying or giving 
beforehand: Phr.: to make an a. 
of money to any one, pecuniam nondum 
debitam alicui solvere, Cic.: v. to 4D 
VANCE (III). 


ADVANCE 


ADVERSITY 


ADVISE 








advance, in: (chiefly in phr. to pay 


in adv.): V. TO ADVANCE (I11.). v. also 
BEFORE, BEFOREHAND. 
advanced (of time) 1, provec- 


tus- she died at am a. age, p. aetate 
mortua est, Cic.: the night was far a., 
provecta nox erat, Tac. 2. grandis, 
€. a more a. age, grandior aetas, Cic. : 
not very a. in years, non admodum g. 
natu, Cic.: a father more a. in years, 
grandior aevo genitor, Ov. Phr . sum- 
mer being far a., adulta aestate, ‘Tac. : 
till spring should be somewhat adv., 
danec ver adolesceret, Tac. 

advanced-guard: 1, _antécur- 
sores, um fo join battle with the a. 
guard, antecursoribus (hostium) proe- 
lium committere, Caes. 2. antéces- 
sores,um: Suet. 3, primum agmen: 
Caes. : v. also VANGUARD, RECONNOITRING 
PARTY. 

advancement: v- PROMOTION, 

advancer: V.-PROMOTER. Phr.: an 
adv. of new opinions, *qui novas senten- 
tias in medium profert. 

advantage (subs.): |. Benefit: 

1, bénum (a real good): the greatest 
a.s are those which belong to the mind 
itself, b. maxima sunt quae in ipso animo 
versantur, Cic. : it was for their a. that the 
man should be killed, iis occidi hominem 
bono fuit, Cic.: for whose adv. was it? 
cui bono fuit? Cic.: the adv.s of peace, 
pacis bona, Tac. 2. commidum: to 
derive great adv. from anything, mag- 
num c. (multa«.) ex aliqua re capere, 
Cic.: Ter.: to neglect one’s own adv., ¢. 
suum praetermittere, praeterire, Cic. : 
the adv.s of peace, pacis commoda, Cic. : 
with adv., commodo, Cic.; per commo- 
dum, Liv. 8, comméditas: friend- 
ship includes very great adv.s, Maximas 
c. amicitia continet, Cic. 4. émodli- 
mentum by no a. are good men 


peace, emolumenta pacis, Tac. 5b. 
opportunitas between such men friend- 
ship has great adv.s, tales inter viros 
amicitia magras op. habet, Cic.: this 
kind of fortification has very great adv.s 
Sor the defence of cities, hoc opus ad de- 
fensionem urbium summam habet op., 
Caes.: adv. of ground, op. loci, Cic. 
6, fructus, ts: Ihave derived very 
great adv. from your letter, ex tuis 
literis cepi (percepi) f. maximum, Cic. : 
the adv.s of riches, f. divitiarum, Cic. 
7, atilitas Tiro affords me won- 
1 adv.s, Tiro mirabiles u. mihi 
praebet, Cic. 8, tsus, Us: they dis- 
covered what adv. we could derive from 
every beast, invenerunt quem ex quaque 
pbellua u. habere possemus, Cic.: that 
thing had happened to the adv. of Gaul, 
ea res ex usu Galliae acciderat, Cues. 
9, rés, réi, f. (in certain phr.): it 
is not for your adv. that I should die, 
ex tua re non est ut ego enoriar, Pl.: 
upon you it depends whether I shall do 
this in vain, or with adv., id frustra an 
ob rem faciam in vestra manu situm est, 
Sall. Phr.. to take adv. of any one’s 
ignorance, alicujus ignorantiam _ sibi 
quaestui habere (cf. Cic. Off. 2, 22,77): 
T have taken my own adv. into account, 
duxi meam rationem, Cic.: to consult 
any one's adv., alicui consulere, Cic.: to 
be of adv. to any one, alicui prodesse, 
utilem esse (v. TODO GUOD): to buy with 
adv, (i. e. cheap), bene emere, Cic.: Pl. + 
Aristippus appeared to adv. in every hue 
of life), omnis Aristippum decuit color, 
or.- many women show to adv. with 
the hair neglected, neglecta decet multas 
coma, Ov, (v. TO BE BECOMING): wm that 
cause Cuero did not appear to adv., *in 
ea causa minus placuit C. (v. also TO BE 
OF ADV.) Il, Superiority: Phr.: 
the enemy had the adv. of us in number, 
hostes nobis numero praestabant, Caes. : 
tn the cavalry battle our men had the 
adv., equestri proelio nostri superiores 
fuerunt, Caes.: the Romans had the adv., 
res Romana erat superior, Liv.: vy BENE- 
FIT, GAIN, INTEREST. 
be of: 
(with dat.)- 


‘ 


proful, prodesse 


1, prosum, 








induced to deceive, boni nullo e, impel- | 
luntur in fraudem, Cic.: the adv.s of | 


any a. to thee, nec quicquam tibi pro- 
dest, Hor.: Cic.: v. T0 DO GOOD, BENE- 
FIT. 2. expédit, 4 (impers.: with 
dat. or absol.): let them understand that 
nothing is of a. that is unjust, intelli- 
gant nihil expedire quod sit injustum, 
Cic.; it is of a. for you to be good, ex- 
pedit bonas esse vobis, Ter Vv. ADVAN- 
TAGE (1.). 


V. PROFITABLE. 9. itilis, e: should 
he not do what is a., what ts expedient ? 
non faciat quod u. sit, quod expediat ? 


Cic.: v. USEFUL. To be a.: V.TO BE OF 
ADVANTAGE. 
advantageously: 1, itiliter: 
Cic.: Hor.: v. USEFULLY. 2. béné: 
to buy a., bene emere, Cic.: PI. 
advent: adventus, is: v. ARRIVAL. 


Phr.: the first Sunday in Advent, 
prima dominica adventus, Eecl.: during 
Advent, *per tempus Domini adventus. 
adventitious: adventicius: an a. 
advantage, ad. fructus, Liv.: Cic. 
adventure: |. An unexpected or 
strange event occurring to some one: 
1. casus, is: our a.s will furnish you 
with abundant variety in writing, mul- 
tam c. nostri varietatem in scribendo 
suppeditabunt, Cic.: fo male much of 
one’s OWN a.8, SuUOS c. attollere, ‘lac. 
2. Expr. by means of verb or con- 
text: he (Ulysses) went through many 
dangerous as, aspera multa pertulit, 


Hor.: this man met with many strange | 


a.s, *buiec mirabilia multa acciderunt: 
a.s tn which I bore a prominent part, 


| quorum (quarum rerum) pars magna 





fui, Virg. |]. A hazardous or vemark- 
able achievement, facinus, Oris, n.: the 
wonderful a. of two Carthaginians, 
mirabile f. duorum Carthaginiensium, 


Sall.: a great and memorable a., mag- | 


num ac memorabile f., Tac.: v. FEAT, 
ENTERPRISE. 
embark in a doubtful a. for dominion 
or slavery, in dubiam imperii servitii- 
que aleam ire, Liv.: v. RISK, HAZARD. 
adventure (v.): v- TO VENTURE, 
DARE, 
adventurer: |. In gen. sense: 
one who risks his life and safety: *qui 
vitam, salutem, fortunas, periclitari 
solet ; homo audax, periculi avidus, etc. 
Il. A military a. by land or sea: 
latro, pirata, etc.: Vv. FREEBOOTER. 
[I]. As term of contempt: a poli- 
tical a., etc.: *homo nihili (merus ne- 
bulo) qui ad rempublicam emolumenti 
spe ductus accessit; quasi Graeculus 
esuriens (cf. Juv. 3, 76) ad omnia pa- 
ratus; planus (v. VAGABOND): homo 
vafer, egens, rerum novarum avidus, 
adventurous: V- BOLD, RASH. 
adventurously : v. BOLDLY, RASHLY. 
adventurousness: V- BOLDNESS, 
RASHNESS. 
adverb: adverbium: Quint. 
adverbial: expr. by case of adver- 
bium: as, an a. clause, *pars sententiae 
quae adverbii more adjungitur. [But 
as tech. t., adverbialis may be used 
cf. ADVERBIALLY. ] 
adverbially ; adverbialiter: Diom. 
adversary; adversarius; v. OPPO- 
NENT, ENEMY. 
adversative: adversativus: a. con- 
junctions, conjunctiones adv., Prise. 
adverse : 1. adversus: most a. 
winds, adversissimi venti, Caes. Fig.: 
the minds of the unprincipled are hostile 
and a. to me, mentes improborum mihi 
infensae et adversae sunt, Cic. a: 
asper, Gra, rum (fig.). im a. times, in 
a, temporibus, Cic.: a. circumstances, 
res a., Sall. 8, infensus: the gods 
are angry and a., di irati inf.que sunt, 
Sall.: v HOSTILE. 4, iniquus’ v. 
UNFAVOURABLE. 
adversely: v. 
UNFORTUNATELY. 
adversity : 1, res adversae (mest 
frequent); to bear a., res adversas ferre, 
Cic. to lighten (the load) of a., res a. 
sublevare, rebus a. profugium ac sola- 
tium praebere, Cic. 9. adversum 


AGAINST, HOSTILELY, 


nor is it of | (neut. of adj.). noa., nihil adversi, Cic. : 
Cc 


Il. 4 risk: Phr.: to| 





usu. in plu.: the prosperity and a. of 
the Roman people, prospera et adversa 
populi R., Tac. (But adversum must 
not be used by tself in the sing. as = 
res adversae). 8, ves aspérae (fig.): 
Sall. 4, calamita.. to be in a., in 
calamitate esse, Sall.: to sustain a., 
calamitates perferre, Caes.: Cic.: v. 
CALAMITY, MISFORTUNE. 

advert to: i.e. to speak of, or men- 
tion slightly: ], attingo: v. ro 
TOUCH UPON. Q. perstringo: y. To 
GLANCE AT (fin.).. ¥. also TO MENTION 

advertise: |. Inform: q.v.  |h 
To publish a notice of, esp. of things for 
sale: proscribo, scripsi, scriptum, 3 
he a.d that he would make a sale by 
auction, auctionem se facturum 
proscrjpsit, Cic.: toa. for sale another 
person’s goods, bona alterius p., Cic.: J 
have ad my Tusculan vila for sale, 
Tusculanum proscripsi, Cic.: to a. @ 
combat of wild beasts, venationem p., 
Cic. Phr.: toa. the performance of a 
play in the daily newspapers, *per acta 
diurna fabulam actum iri indicare, sig- 
nificare. 

advertisement: |. formation: 
q. Vv. ||, 4 public note: 1, pro- 
scriptio (notice 0;° sale): an a. of the sale 
of property, p. bonorum, Cic. ae 
*indicium per acta diurna palam fac- 
tum. 

advertiser: one who posts up a 
notice, esp. of sale: *quni bona, auc- 
tionem, etc., proscribit: in general 
sense: *qui aliquid per acta diurna pro- 
mulgat, palam facit. v. To ADVERTISE. 

advice: |. Counsel : 1, con 
sillum. ue give good a. to the sick, 
recta consilia aegrotis damus, Ter.: we 
will give you what shall seem to us to 
be the soundest a. on the subject about 
which you have written to us, quod ve- 
rissimum nobis videbitur de eo quod ad 
nos scripsisti tibi c. dabimus, Cic. 
honest (or sincere) a., c. fidele, Cic - I 
have followed your a., tuum c. secutus 
sum, Cic. in the letter you ask Jor my 
a., literis a me c. petis, Cic.: the lad 
complied with my a., puer meis c¢. pa- 
ruit, Cic.: also, to follow any one’s a., 
alicujus c. uti, obtemperare, Cic.: by 
my a., de meo c., Cic.: consilio meo, 
Ter. 2, auctoritas (only of that given 
by persons of influence): the a. of Re- 
gulus had prevailed, Keguli a. valuerat, 
Cic.: Caes. Phr.: to ask a. of, constilo 
(v. TO CONSULT): to give a., suadeo (¥. 
TO ADVISE): to give a. to those who 
ask for it on a point of law, de jure 
consulentibus respondere, Cic.: Tac. : 
to adopt a plan on the a. of am 
enemy, auctore hoste consilium capere, 
Caes.: v. TO ADVISE. Il. Jnforma- 
tion, q. V- 

advisable: Phr.: I doubt whether 
it is a. to do this, *dubito num hoe fa- 
ciendum sit; num hoc facere expediat, 
ete.: V. EXPEDIENT, PRUDENT. 

advisableness ; ¥. EXPEDIENCY. 

advise: |. Zo give advice: i 
suadéo. suasi, suasum, 2 (usu. with dat. 
of person; what is advised is expr. by 
acc. or subj.; also poet. by inf.). what 
do you a. me? quid mihi suades? Hor. : 
I a.d Juturna to hasten to assist her 
brother, Juturnam succurrere  fratri 
suasi, Virg.. he a.d me to be his legatus, 
me ut sibi essem legatus suasit, Cic. 
there is no one who can a. you more 
wisely than yourself, nemo est qui tibi 
sapientius s. possit te ipso, Cic. Join 
hortari et suadere. 9. auctor sum 
(with ut and subj., inf., or gen. of 
subs.). he strongly a.s me to absent my 
self, mihi ut absim vehementer a. est, 
Cie. - I do not a. you to flee, tibi non 
sum a. te profugere, Att. ap. Cie > J 
a.d the senate to make peace, senatui 
pacis a. fui, Cic, 8, censéo, sui, sum, 
2 (prop. to express an opmmon, but 
thus often to advise): I a. you to re- 
main concealed in the same place, tibi 
hoc censeo, latendum ibidem, Cic.: I 
shall a. each man to practise the busv- 
ness he knows, quam scit uterque, cen- 
sebo, exerceat artem, Hor.: V.TO THINK» 

17 


esse 


ADVISEDLY 








BE OF OPINION. 4, consilior, 1 (rare) : 
to a. as a friend, amice c., Hor. il. 
To give information: v. TO INFORM. 
Il. Zo recommend, q. v. 
advisedly: 1, consulto: to do 
anything a., aliquid c. facere, Cic. on 
consulté: things done cautiously and a., 
caute atque c. gesta, Liv.: v. DESIGNED- 
LY, PURPOSELY. 
adviser: 1, auctor: the a. of the 
departure, profectionis a., Caes.: Cic.: v. 
TO ADVISE(2).  Q. suasor: thea. and 
urger of the departure, s. et impulsor 
profectionis, Cic.: the a. of peace, pacis 
%., Ov. 8. consiliarius: the friends 
and a.s of Verres, amici etc. Verris, Gic. 
4, consultor: evil advice is worst 
to the a., malum consilium consultori est 


pessimum, Varr. : Sall.: Tac. 5, con- 
siliator: Phaedr.: Plin. 
advocacy : |. Legal defence: 


1, patrocinium: the a. of usurers, 

p. feneratorum, Liv.: v. DEFENCE. 22, 
advocatio (late in this sense): he had 
not conducted the a. of the case in bad 
fas non fidem sibi in a. defuerat, Plin. 

p.: V. DEFENCE. [].. Recommenda- 
tion: suasio: the a. of a law, suasio 
legis, Cic. Phr.: as hts a. of the law 
was very vehement, *vehementissime 
legem suasit: v. TO ADVOCATE. 

advocate (subs.) : |. The pleader 
of a cause : 1, actor (usu. with de- 
fining words): Molo, a very excellent a., 
Molo, a. summus causarum, Cic.: @ 
middling lawyer and a., consultus juris 
et a. causarum mediocris, Hor.: not the 
cause but the a. is blamed, non causa 
reprehenditur sed a., Quint.: at Athens 
an a. was forbidden to excite the feel- 
ings, Athenis a. movere affectus veta- 
batur, Quint. 9. causidicus (prop. 
amere pleader, and hence often used in 
a contemptuons sense): we are not seelc- 
ing for some nameless a., non c. nescio 
quem conquirimus, Cic.: Juv.: Quint. 

3. patronus (orig. only of one who 

defended a dependent; hence it was 
always the most honourable term): the 
a. in @ cause, p. causae, Cic.: I beg of 
you, Praetor, give that a. to my oppo- 
nent, quaeso, praetor, adversario meo da 
istum p., Cic.: the a. of the opposite side, 
p. partis adversae, Quint. 4, advé- 
catus (in Cic.’s time used only of an 
assistant counsel, but afterwards as 
synonymous with patronus): such an a. 
seems to be a proof of a bad cause, 
videtur talis a. malae causae argumen- 
tum, Quint.: Auct. Dial. de Or. 5. 
rabila, ae, m. (a brawling or blustering 
advocate): Cic.: Quint. Phr.: tobean 
a. (in a particular case), causam agere, 
Cic.; causam dicere, Liv.: (habitually), 
in judiciis versari, Cic.; causas acti- 
tare, Cic.: to be a person’s a., causam 
pro aliquo dicere, Cic.: that province 
selected me as a. of its rights, me sibi 
illa provincia defensorem sui juris adop- 
tavit, Cic. |]. One who recommends 
or speaks in favour of: 1, suasor: 
he himself was the a. and adviser of this 
surrender, hujus deditionis ipse s. et 
auctor fuit, Cic.: Vell. 2. patronus 
(fig.): the a. of justice, justitiae p., 

ic, 

advocate (v.): suadéo, suasi, sua- 
sum, 2: I ad the Voconian law, 
legem Voconiam suasi, Cic.: to a. a 
proposed law, rogationem s., Cic.: Liv. : 
Quint. 

advowee: orig. the legal protector 
and patron of a religious house or 
church: hence, in modern times, the 
holder of the right of presentation to a 
living: advécatus (ecclesiae): Med. 
Lat. (The advocatus was also designated 
patronus, and in some instances conser- 
vator: v. DuCange,s.v.). A j/emale a., 
advocatissa: Med. Lat. 

advowson: advocatio: to hold thea. 
of a churcn, ecclesiam in advocationem 
tenere, Med. Lat.: v. Du Cange, s. v. 
advocatio. 

adze: ascia: Cic.: Plin. 

aedile: aedilis, is: Cic.: Liv.: cu- 
rule a.s, curules a., Inscr.: plebetan 
a.s, a. plebis, Suet. Adj. of or per- 

z 


i 





AFFECT 


taining to an a., aedilicius, -tius: the 
a.’s gown, a. toga, Cic.: an a.’s clerk, 
scriba a., Cic. 
aedileship: 1, aedilitas- to can- 
vass for the a., a. petere, Cic_: to discharge 
one’s a. with great splendour, a. magni- 
ficentissima fungi, Cic.: to enter on the 
a., a. inire, Suet. 9, aedilicium mu- 
nus: Cic. 
for the a., repulsa aedilicia, Cic.: v. 
AEDILE. 
aegis: aegis, idis, f.: to shake the a. 
(of Jove), aegida concutere, Virg.: the 
horrible a., horrifica a., Virg.: the hur- 
tling a., sonans a., Hor. 
aerial: |. Of the nature of air: 
Gnimalis, e: the constitution of a living 
creature is either earthy, or fiery,or ae- 
rial, or watery, natura animantis vel ter- 
rena,vel ignea, vel animalis, vel humida 
est, Cic.: (or by circuml., aéris naturam 
habens, aéris natura praeditus). ll. 
Belonging te or situated in the air: 
], Aériusor aéréus: thea. flights of 
birds, a. volatus volucrum, Cic.: to strive 
to reach the a. abodes, a. tentare domos, 
Hor. Fig. i. q. lofty; a. towers, a. 
turres, Virg.: a. Alps, a. Alpes, Ov. 
9. aethérius or éus: v. ETHERIAL. 
—(Oxs. Aethereus has reference to the 
upper regions of the air; aérius, to the 
lower.) 
aerie: V- NEST. 
aerolite; *lapis de coelo missus: 
*aerolithus. Phr.: if was announced 
that an a. had fallen, nuntiatum est 
lapidem de coelo cecidisse, Liv. 41, 9. 
aeromancy ; aéromantia: Isid. 
aerometer: aérometrum: M. L, 
aeronaut;: aérénautes, ae, m.: M.L. 
afar: prociil, longé: v. FAR, FAR 
OFF, at a DISTANCE. 
affability : 1, cOmitas (v. couR- 
TESY): Crassus with very great a. had 
also sufficient gravity, Crassus in sum- 
ma c. habebat etiam severitatis satis, 
Cic.: Tac. 8. affabilitas (a rare 
word): courtesy and a., comitas af.que 
sermonis, Cic. 8, facilitas (in gen., 
easy, pleasant, manners): Pompey seems 
to be equal in a. to the lowest in rank, 
Pompeius facilitate par infimis esse 
videtur, Cic.: a. of discourse, f. sermo- 
nis, Cic. 4, libéralitas (i.e. openness, 
freedom) . aman popular not for his a., 
but for his gloominess and severity, 
homo non L., sed ipsa tristitia et severi- 
tate popularis, Cic. Phr.: to show a., 
affabilem, comem se praebere: v. AF- 
FABLE. 
affable: 1. affabilis,e: he wished 
to be a. to all, omnibus af. se esse vole- 
bat, Cic.: Virg. 2, commddus : to be 
a person of a. manners, commodis muri- 
bus esse, Cic.: v. AGREEABLE. Ss: 
comis, e: who more a. than Laelius ? 
quis Laelio comior? Cic. : v. COURTEOUS. 
4, facilis, e: to be a. in hearing 
people, f.se in hominibus audiendis prae- 
bere, Cic.: V. GOOD-NATURED. 
affably : 1, cOmiter: to address 
anyone a., aliquem c. appellare, Cic. : 
Liv. Q, affabiliter: Gell.: Macr. 
affair: 1, rés, réi, fi: old age 
withdraws men from the management of 
a.s, a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit, 
Cic.: he undertalces the a., rem suscipit, 
Caes.: military a.s, res militaris, Caes. : 
to transact public a.s, rem publicam 
gerere, Cic.: domestic and private a.s, 
res domesticae ac familiares, Cic. Bh. 
négotium (an a. of business): to take 
part in an a., negatie interesse, Cic.: 
to undertake an a., n. suscipere, Cic.: 
to settle an a. as soon as possible, n. 
quamprimum conficere, Cic.: Vv. BUSI- 
NESS, 8, may often be expr., esp. in 
pl., by the neut. of an adj.: as, to 
attend to great a.s, to neglect small ones, 
Magna curare, parva hegligere, Cic. 
4, ratio (only in certain phrases) : 
to arrange one’s private a.s, r. familiares 
componere, Tac. : the a.s of a@ state, ra- 
tiones civitatis, Cic. 
engaged in public a.s, ut primum forum 
attigerim, Cic.: Hor. 
affect: |. To act upon, influence : 
1. afficio, feci, tectum, 3: the limbs 


Phr.: a defeat in canvassing | 


AFFECTEDLY 


are a’d with pain, membra dolore affic- 
iuntur, Lucr.: to be a’d with pains in 
the feet, doloribus pedum affici, Cic.: the 
whole lung is a.’d, pulmo totus affie)tur, 
Cels. Fig.: I was variously a.’d by 
your lette , varie sum affectus tuis literia, 
Cic. : let us be a.’d ourselves before we try 
to a. others, afficiamur antequam af. 
conemur, Quint. ; he was not equally a.’d 
leven at his death, ne mortuo quidem 
perinde affectus est, Suet. Note.—The 
| verb is not used absolutely by Cic., as 
|in the example from Quint., but al- 
| ways has some qualifying word; as 
dolore, admiratione, etc. 2. modveo, 
movi, motum, 2 (esp. of affecting the 
feelings) : the speech of the consul had 
ad the commonalty, moverat plebem 
oratio consulis, Liy.: to a. the feelings 
of judges, animos judicum m., Quint. 

, commdvéo, 2 (stronger than the 
simple verb) : to be a.’d by brotherly love, 
amore fraterno commoveri, Caes.: the 
judge was a.d by the orator, commotus 
est ab oratore judex, Quint. 4, 
attingo, tigi, tactum, 3 (mot used of 
worlcing on the feelings): another cause 
too delights me, which does not a. you, 
me alia quoque causa delectat quae te 
non a., Cic.: desire has a.’d us, deside- 
rium nos attigit, Lmner. 5, pello, 
pepili, pulsum, 3: the beauty of no 
jemale prisoner had a.’d him when a 
young man, juvenem nullius forma pe- 
pulerat captivae, Liv. J, To concern, 











q. V. Ill. Zo aspire to, to aim at, 
q. V. IV. Zo be fond of: v. FOND, 
TO LOVE. To make a mere show 


of (habitually) : 1, simiilo, 1: nowI 
will put to the test what you really love, 
what you merely a., nunc ego te expe- 
riar quid ames, quid simules, Pl.: Cicero 
instructed the ambassadors to a. a@ vehe- 
ment zeal for the conspiracy,- Cicero 
legatis praecepit studium conjurationis 
vehementer simulent, Sall.: my love %s 
not a.’d, meus non simulatur amor, Ov.: 
V. TO FEIGN, PRETEND. Q. affecto, 1: 
to a. an imitation of antiquity, imita- 
tionem antiquitatis af., Quint.: to a. 
a fondness for poetry, studium carmi- 
num af., Tac. 8, dissimilo, 1 (this 
verb denotes that something which 
really exists is feigned to be non- 
existent, and therefore can represent 
“affect” only when that verb is fol- 
lowed by a negative sentence): Ja.’d to 
be paying no attention to their conver- 
sation, dissimulabam me harum sermoni 
operam dare, Pl.: Cic. 
affectation: 1, simulatio: the a. 
of friendship, s. amicitiae, Cic. : the a. 
of the ancients about the concealment of 
eloquence, veterum circa occultandam 
eloquentiam s., Cic.: V. PRETENCE. 
Q, affectatio: frigid and puerile a., 
frigida et puerilis af., Quint. ; palpable 
a., manifesta af., Quint.: he rendered 
his style obscure by a. and pedantry, 
affectatione et morositate nimia obscu- 
rabat stilum, Suet. 3. molestia (rare, 
and only where the context explains it): 
careful elegance without a. (tiresome 
pedantry), diligens elegantia sine mo- 
lestia, Cic. 4, mordsitas: Suet. l. c 


(2). 
affected (adj.): |, Assumed, hy- 
pocritical : 1, simiilatus, fictus: v. 
FEIGNED, FALSE. Q, ascitus (v. rare): 
a certain natural, not a. wittiness, 
nativus quidam lepor non a., Nepos. 
3. quaesitus: a. affability, q. co- 
mitas, Tac. [J], Unnatural and of- 
fensive in style, manner, etc.: 1, pu- 
tidus: even Demosthenes is censured as 
a., etiam Demosthenes exagitatur ut p., 
Cic.: Iam afraid it will seem a., vereor 
ne putidum sit, Cic. 2. molestus (cf. 
AFFECTATION, 3): @. words, m. verba, 
Ov.: a@ more a. expression of counte- 
nance, vultus molestier, Quint. 


affectedly. 1. putide: to speak 
a., p. dicere, Cic.: to articulate letters 


Phr.: as soon as I | too a., literas putidius exprimere, Cic. : 


Sen. 2. cirfosé (rare): to speak a, 
rather than in good Latin, c. potius quam 
Latine loqui, Quint. 8. mdlesté: to 
write @., m. scribere Aug. ap, Suet: 


AFFECTING 





Quint. 4, morodsé : to arrange one's 
cloak a., m. pallium ordinare, Tert. 
affecting (adj.): 1, miserabilis, 
e: my brother's grief appeared a. to all 
men, fratris mei maeror omnibus mor- 
talibus m. videbatur, Cic.: a. cirewm- 
Stances, res m., Quint. 2. miséran- 
dus. in an a. manner, m. in modum, 
Cic. Phr.: a most a. picture, pictura 
quae in intimos penetra affectus, Quint. 
11, 3, 67: a most a. spealcer, orator in 
affectibus potentissimus, Quint. 6, 2, 30° 
an @. speech, oratio ad animos movendos 
compositus, aptus, based on Cic.: v. To 
AFFECT. 
affectingly: 1, misérabiliter: an 
a. written letter, epistola scripta m., 
Cic.: to speale of sad events a., tristia m. 
dicere, Quint. 2. misérandé: to speak 
a., m. dicere, Gell.: V. PITIABLY. 
affection: |. 4 state of body or 
mind, esp. those produced by external 
agency: 1. affectio: av a. is a change 
of mind or boy from some cause, af. est 
animi aut corporis aliqua de causa com- 
mutatio, Cic.: vices are permanent a.s, 
vitia af. sunt manentes, C.c.: all the 
right as of the mind are called vir- 
tues, omnes rectae animi af. virtutes 
appellantur, Cic. Q. affectus, is: a 
praiseworthy a,of mind, af. animi lau- 
dabilis, Cic.: Kuripides is indisputably 
pre-eminent in those a.s which are con- 
nected with pity, Euripides in iis af. qui 
taiseratione constant, facile praecipnus 
est, Quint. : to waver with irresolute a.s, 
dubiis af. errare, Ov. 8. sensus, ts: 
in addressing the feelings of jurymen, I 
myself should be influenced by the very 
a. to which I wished to bring them, ipse 
in commovendis judicibus iis ipsis s. ad 
quos illos adducere vellem permoverer, 
Cic.: the will and a. of our fellow-citi- 
zens towards us, voluntas erga nos s.que 
civium, Cic.: v. REELING. |], A disease, 
affectus, ts: other a.s of the body come 
after a fever, alii corporis af. febri sup- 
erveniunt, Cels.- v. DISEASE. ll. 
Settled good will or love: 1, amor: 
v. LOVE. 2. caritas: the a. which 
exists between children and parents, c. 
quae est inter natos et parentes,Cic. A 
dependent gen. usu. denotes the object : 
a. jur the commonwealth, reipublicae c., 
Liy. But it is sometimes subjective: I 
believe that you have ardently desired 
the a. of your fellow-citizens, credo vos 
c. civium concupisse, Cic. 3. stiidium 
(used of any eager, ardent feelings) : 
your warm a. and concern for my safety, 
s. tuum curaque de salute mea, Cic.: to 
show no small a, for any one, siguificare 
s. erga aliquem non mediocre, Cic.: also 
in pl.: to try to win the a.s of the sol- 
diery, militum studia affectare, Tac.: v. 
FONDNESS, ZEAL. 4, piétas (dutiful 
affection, esp. towards parents and rela- 
tives): cherish justice and a., which latter 
though important in reference to parents 
and relations, yet is most soin reference 
to one’s country, justitiam cole et p., 
quae cum sit magna in parentibus et 
propinguis, tum in patria maxima est, 
Cic.: the last offices of a., solemnia pie- 
tatis, Tac.: all your friends long for 
you with the greatest a., tui omnes 
summa p. te desiderant, Cic.: your a., 
welcome to your parent, has enabled you 
to accomplish a difficult journey, tua 
exspectata parenti vicit iter durum p., 
Virg.  §, affectio (late). a. (of apes) 
Jor their offspring, at. erga fetum, Plin. - 
to love any one more than can be cre- 
dited of human a., aliquem amare ultra 
modum humanae af., Gell.: Justin. 
6. affectus, is: the a. of a parent, 
parentis af.,Suet. (Neither this nor the 
preceding is Ciceronian). Phr.: to 
display a. for a man by conferring 
honours and kindnesses upon him, homi- 
nem honoribus et beneficiis complecti, 
Cic.: to feel an a. for any one, studio- 
sum esse alicujus; propendere in aliquem 
inclinatione voluntatis, Cic. 
affectionate: 1. amans, antis: 
an a. friend, amicus a., Cic.: a most 
dear and a. brother, frater carissimus 
atque. amantissimus, Cic.: most a, words, 


AFFIRMATIVE 


AFFORD 








amantissima verba, Cic.: very a., péra- 


mans,Cic. Q, pius: (of dutiful affec- 
tion towards parents and relatives) : 
a. towards one’s parents, p. in parentes, 
Cic.: an a. mother, brother, p. mater, 
frater, Ov.: a. grief, p. dolor, Cic.: a. 
Fear, viz. of a wife for her husband, p. 
metus, Ov. 
objurgatio amoris plenissima, Cic. 
affectionately : 1, 4manter: J 
saw that my arrival was a. expected by 
you, exspectatum meum adventum 
abs te a. videbam, Cic.: you entreat me 
most a., me obsecras amantissime, Cic. 
2. pié: (comp. AFFECTIONATE, 2) : 
tomourn a. for any one’s death, aliquem 
p. lugere, Cic.: you will preserve the 
recollection of us a. and inviolately, 
memoriam nostri pie inviolateque serva- 
bitis, Cic.: Ov. 
affectionateness: *ingenium in 
amorem pronum; animus ingenuus 
ais in amorem pronus: v. AFFECTION 
2): 
affiance (subs.) : |. Marriage con- 
tract: sponsalia, ium, 7. pl.: Sen. |, 
Trust, confidence : q. Vv. 
affiance (v.): |. To betroth: spon- 
deo, despondeo, spondi, sponsum : to a. 
one’s daughter, alicui filiam d., Cic.: v. 
BETROTH. Il. To trust, confide: q.v. 
affianced: sponsus, sponsa, Cic.: 
desponsata, Cic.: promissa, Virg. 
affidavit: testimonium per tabulas 
datum (cf. Quint. 5, 6, 2). 
one makes an a. against his will, 
nemo per tabulas testimonium dat, nisi 
sua voluntate, Quint. l.c.: he who takes 
an a. (or before whom it is made), sig- 
nator (the context showing its precise 
sense). Quint. l.c.: Vv. DEPOSITION. 
affiliate: |. To prove any one to 
be the father of a child, aliquem pueri 
patrem esse probare (cf. Ov. M. 2, 91). 
li. 7 connect with or ascribe to: v. 
TO FATHER ON. Phr.: to bead to a 
ore body, in collegium cooptari, 
c 


affiliation: |. Proof of pater- 
nity. Phr.: an order of a., *edictum 
de puero suscipiendo (?). ||. Asso- 
ciation, union: q. Vv. 
ity: |, Relationship by mar- 
riage: affinitas: P. Crassus bound him- 
self closely to Galba by a., P. Crassus 
cum Galba affinitate sese devinxit, Cic. : 
they report that Latinus entered intoan 
a. with Aeneas, Latinum a. cum Aenea 
junxisse tradunt, Liv. I. Natural 
connexion, or resemblance : 1, cog- 
natio: all the virtues are connected 
together by a certain a., omnes virtutes 
c.quadam inter se conjunctue sunt, Cic. : 
a. of pursutrts, c. studicrum, Cic. : Quint. 
2, affinitas (rare): the a. of the 
letters of the alphabet, af. literarum, 
Quint.: Gell. Phr.: the nature of the 
gods has no a. with our senses, natura 
deum longe remota sensibus ab nostris, 
Lucr. : you have not the slightest a. with 
the fairness and modesty of Ti. Gracchus, 
tu a Ti. Gracchi aequitate ac pudore 
longissime remotus es, Cic.: v. CON- 
NEXION, lll. Chem. ¢.¢.: @ mutual 
tendency to conbination : *affinitas. 

: |. Vo assert positively or 
solemnly : affirmo,1: J must speak, but 
in such a way as to a. nothing, to in- 
quire into everything, dicendum est 
mihi, sed ita nihil ut affirmem, quaeram 
omnia, Cic.: Cicero a.s that the condition 
of the state is maintained by thelaws of 
Sulla, Cicero af. legibus Sullae cohaerere 
statum civitatis, Quint.: v. TO ASSERT. 

II. Zo confirm, establish, q. v. 
affirmant: affirmator: Ulp.: Tert. 
affirmation: |. The act of afirm- 

ing, affirmatio: an oath is a solemn a.. 
jusjurandum est a. religiosa, Cic.: an a. 
that we will accomplish what we say, 
a. effecturos nos quod dicimus, Quint 
Il. What is afirmed: v. ASSERTION. 
Il. Confirmation, establishment, 
q. V. IV. Legal ¢. ¢.: testimoniuin 
absque jurejurando. 
affirmative: A. Adj.: affirma- 
tivus: the a.class of words, a. species 
verborum, Diom. 


Phr.. no | 


answer (to a question), fateri ita se rem 


| habere: v. TO ACKNOWLEDGE (and seq.) 


Phr.: a most a. reproof, | 











Phr.: to give ana. 


B. Subs.: Phr.: negatives are the 
sites to 2.8, hegautia contraria sunt 

aientibus, Cic.: give me an answer 
either in the a, or in the negative, vel 
tu mi aias vel neges, PL: Diogenes 
maintains the a., Antipater the negu- 
tive, Diogenes ait, Antipater negat, Vic. 

affirmatively, i.¢., in the afirma- 
tive: V. AFFIRMATIVE (subs.), 

affix (v.): Vv. TO FIX, FASTEN, OR aT- 
TACH TO. Phr.: toa. a particle wa 
word, *particulam verbo adjungere or 
addere: to a. a seal to a will, testa- 
mentum signo ol signare, Cic, Clu. 14, 41 - 
signum in tabulis testamenti apponere 
(ci. Cic. Verr. 1, 45, 117). 

affix (subst.): *particula verbo ad- 
juncta s. addita. 

afflatus: afflatns. is: 
divinus a., Cic. 

afflict: 1. dolore afficere, dolorem 
facere, efficere, etc.: Vv. TO GRIEVE, DIS- 
TRESS. 2. afflicto, 1 (prop. to dash 
ubout): Iam very grievously a.’d about 
domestic matters, de domesticis rebus 
aceibissime afflictor, Cic.: to a. Italy 
with luxury and ferocity, \taliam lux- 
uria saevitiaque a., Tac.: v. TO DiIs- 
TRFSS, GRIEVE, HARASS. — NOTE. Not 
affligo alone; which is to cast down, 
prostrate: though dolore affligere may 
be used (Cic.). 

afflicted (a4j.): i.e., suffering, trou- 
bled: 1, aeger, gra, grum (distressed 
either in body or mind): afflicted in 
mind, aeger animo, Cic.: a. mortals, 
aeg. mortales, Virg.: a. with cares, a. 
curis, Virg. Join: aeger, et corpore et 
animo confectus, Cic. 9. miser, éra. 
érum : tosuccour the a., miseris succurr- 
ere, Virg.: Vv. WRETCHED, 8. dolore 
afflictus, in dolore jacens, Cie.: v. TO 
GRIEVE. Phr.: to be a. vith any- 
thing: conflictor, 1: to be a. ith great 
want of necessaries, Magna inopia ne- 
cessariarum rerum conflictari, Caes.: fo 
bea. with superstition, superstitione c., 
Cic.: to be a. with a severe disease, 
gravi morbo c., Nep.: vy. also TO 
SUFFER. 

afflicter: vexator (rare): he was a 
cruel a. of the commonwealth, crudelis 
v. reipublicae fuit, Cic. 

affliction: |. A state of pain, 
distress, a grief: miséria: he could by 
no means extricate himself from that a., 
nulla ratione se ab illa m. eripere pote- 
rat, Cic.: V. WRETCHEDNESS, DISTRESS, 
GRIEF. |, A cause of such a state: 
malum, adversae res: Vv. EVIL, MISFOR- 
TUNE, CALAMITY. 

afflictive: 1. gravis, e: @ more 
wretched and a. condition, miserior gra- 
viorque fortuna, Caes.: more a. wars, 
graviora bella, Cic. 9. acerbus: a. 
circumstances, res a., Lucr.: a most @. 
annoyance, acerbissima vexatio, Cic.. 
V. GRIEVOUS, PAINFUL. 


a divine a., 


affluence: divitiae: v. WEALTH, 
RICHES. 

affluent: dives, itis: v. WEALTHY, 
RICH. 


afflux: Phrt.: an a. of blood to the 
head, fluxio sanguinis ad caput, Plin. 
afford: | Zo supply, give, yield: 
1, praebeo, 2: to a. a vefuye and 
solace in adversity, perfugium et sola- 
tium rebus adversis p., Cic.: Vv. TO FUR- 
NISH. 9. sufficio, féci, fectum, 3: 
the willows a. foliage for the caitle or 
shade for the shepherds, salices pecori 
frondem aut pastoribus umbras s., Virg. : 
Lucr. Phr.: you have a.’d me great 
consolations, mihi magna solatia dedis- 
tis, Cic.: no hope even is a.'d that afgairs 
will improve, ne spes quidem ulla osten- 
ditur fore melius, Cic.: v. TO FURNISH, 


GIVE. |]. Zo be able to sell or ex- 
pend without imprudence [no single 
word): Phr.: I cannot afford tt 


cheaper, *non possum minoris vendere: 

I cannot afford it at so small a price, 

*non possum tantulo vendere: if you 

build, you must take care not to go 

beyond what you can a. in expense and 

magniyicence, cavendum est si aedifices, 
Se) 


AFFRAY 


AFTER 


AGAIN 





he extra modum sumptu et magn‘fi- 
centia prodeas, Cic.: Z cannot afford 
vo live in sogrand 4 manner, *res mibi 
non suppetit ad tantum luxum; *non 
sum tam dives quam ut tantos sumptus 
facere possim: we cannot a. to let the 
farm for a smaller rent, *minoris 
fundum locare non possumus: you can- 
not a.to carry en the war, *sumptui 
belli gerendi pares non estis. 

aitray: rixa: there was an a., and 
almost a battle, r. ac prope proelium 
A Liv.: bloody a.s, r. sanguineae, 

or. 

affright; terreo, pivéfacio: v. To 
FRIGHTEN, 

affright (subs.): v. FEAR, TERROR, 

affront (v.): |. To face, to en- 
counter, q. V. I]. Zo insult openly : 

1, contiimélia afficio, etc.: v. To 
INSULT. 2. sugillo, 1 (not in Cic.): 
the men were ad, viri sugillati sunt, 
Liv.: Sulla was ad by his rejection 
when a candidate for the praetorship, 
Sulla repulsa praeturae sugillatus est, 
Val. Max.: v. AFFRONT, TO INSULT. 
affront (swbs.): Open insult : ib 
contimélia : fo receive an a., c. accipere, 
Caes.: to cast an a. upon any one, 
c. in aliquem jacere, Cic.: to put an a. 
upon any one, alicui c, impouere, Cic. : 
to expose oneself to an a., praebere ad 
c. os, Liv.: v. INSULT. 9. sugillatio 
(rare): Liv.: Plin. 

affronting (subs.): sigillatio: the 
a. of the consuls, s. consulum, Liv. 

affronting (adj.) : v. INSULTING. 

se: affundo: v. TO POUR UPON. 
affusion;: expr. by part. of verb: 
as, to crush the kernels with a gradual 
a. of warm water upon them, nucleos 
tundere affusa iis paulatim calida aqua, 
Plin. 

afield (adv.): in agros; agros ver- 
sus: V. FIELD. 

afloat (adv.): Phr.: it was a very 
laborious task to get the ship a., res 
erat multae operae navem litore dedu- 
cere (cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 398): the vessel 
is a., natat carina, Virg.: the ships were 
got a. on the forty-fifth day jrom the 
time when the timber was procured from 
the forests, die quadragesimo quinto 
quam ex silvis detracta materia erat, 
naves in aquam deductae sunt, Liv.: 
Vv. TO LAUNCH. Fig.: this rumour is 
a., serpit hic rumor, Cic.: painful ru- 
mours were d., graves rumores sparsi 
sunt, Cic.: this report has got a., haec 
fama percrebuit, Cic.: v. 10 GET ABROAD, 

afoot (adv.): pédibus: he began the 
journey a., ingressus iter pedibus est, 
Cic. Phr.: to set afoot, in medium af- 
ferre, proferre, proponere, Cic. 

aforegoing: V. FOREGOING. 

aforementioned, aforenamed, 
aforesaid: supra dictus or supra com- 
memoratus: or with rel. clause: as, the 
aforementioned son, filius de quo com- 
memorayi supra, Nep.: v. ABOVE (adv.). 

aforetime: Olim: v. FORMERLY. 

afraid: 1, timidus (of the ordi- 
nary habit of mind: v. FEARFUL): 
Codrus not a. to die for his country, 
Codrus pro patria non t. mori, Hor. : 
a. of a storm, t. procellae, Hor. oi 
pavidus (this expresses a greater degree 
of fear than the preceding word): a. of 
swimming, p. nandi, Tac.: a. of the sea, 
p. maris, Lucan: v, ALARMED. 

——, be: 11. timeo, ti, 2 (either 
absol., or with direct object in acc. or 
inf.; also often with dat. of person on 
behalf of whom anxiety is felt- con- 
cerning the distinction between timeo 
and metuo, v. TO FEAK): now I am a. 
for our side what he will answer, nunc 
nostrae timeo parti quid hic respondeat, 
Ter.: he was not at all a. about the 
legion’s danger, de legionis periculo 
nibit timebat, Caes.: they were a. of 
being surrounded, timebant ne circum- 
venirentur, Caes.: Iam a. that you will 
not be ableto endure the toils, timeo 
ut labores sustineas, Cic.—Nore. Timeo 
ne is positive; timeo wf, negative. 

9, mitiio, ti, 3 (constr. same as 
timeo): they are not a. to swear any- 
20 











thing, nil metuunt jurare, Cat.: they 
were a.to try the hope of a contest, 
tentare spem certaminis metuerunt, 
Liv.: to be a. of Hannibal, ab Hanni- 
bale m., Liv. 3, pavéo, pavi, 2 (to 
be in a panic, q. v.): Tam a. for my- 
self, mihi p., Ter. 4, pavito, 1 (of 
habitual fear): things which children 
are a. of in the dark, quae pueri in 
tenebris p., Lucr.: Virg.: v. TO FEAR, 
BE ALARMED. 
afresh: 1, dé integro: Ter.: Cic. 
9, deniio: Ter.: Cic.: v. ANEW, 
AGAIN. 
aft; Phr.: the aft part of a ship, 
puppis, is, f.: the captain ordered the 
sailors to go aft, *magister navis nautis 
imperavit ut puppim versus irent: fore 
and aft, *a prora usque ad puppim. 
after (adj.): |. Yearer the stern : 
Phr.: the a. sails, *vela puppi propi- 
ora. I]. Subsequent, later, next, 
fotlowing: q. Vv. 
after (prep.): |. Behind: q. v. 
I]. 4¢ a later time: 1, post 
(with acc.: the most general word) : 
a, the proconsulship of M. Brutus, post 
M. Brutum proconsulem, Cic.: siz years 
a. the taking of Vet, sexennio post 
Veios captos, Cic.: a. the death of Orge- 
toriz, post Orgetorigis mortem, Caes. 
a or ab (with abl., and usu. 
with an adverb): immediately a. the 
sacrifice, jan: ab re divina, Pl.: immedi- 
ately a. the battle, statim a proelio, Liv. 
8. ex or € (with abl.): a. his con- 
sulship Cotta set out into Gaul, Cotta 
ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam, 
Cic.: one thing a. another hinders me 
every duy, me quotidie aliud ex alio 
impedit, Cic.: cheapness suddenly jol- 
lowed a. the greatest scarcity, repente 
vilitas annonae ex summa inopia conse- 
cuta est, Cic.. 4, dé (with abl.: very 
rare): immediately a. the sale, statim 
de auctione, Cic. Nore. A or ab, de, 
and e or e, all denote what happens 
immediately after; and ex frequently 
indicates that what follows arises out of 
what previously happened. 5, siib 
(i.e., jollowing immediately upon: with 
acc.): a. saying this, they all prostrated 
themselves in the vestibule, sub haec 
dicta omnes in vestibulo procubuerunt, 
Liv.: your letter was read immediately 
a. that of Lepidus, sub literas Lepidi 
statim recitatae sunt tuae, Cic. 6. 
sécundum (less precise than the fore- 
going: of what follows in general. with 
acc.): a. this day, s. hunc diem, Cic. : 
a. this battle the consul went to Messana, 
s. hanc pugnam consul Messanam venit, 
Liv. Phr.: the day a. the acquittal of 
Messala, Hortensius came into the the- 
atre, postridie Messalae absolutionem in 
theatrum Hortensius introiit, Cael. ad 
Cic. N.B. When the Eng. word is foll. 
by a verbal subs., the phrase may often 
be rendered (a) by the abl. absol.: a. 
the completion of that work, he posts 
guards in various places, eo opere per- 
fecto praesidia disponit, Caes.: a. the 
taking of Saguntum Hannibal had re- 
tired into winter-quarters, Hannibal, 
Sagunto capto, in hiberna concesserat, 
Liv.: or (6), by the conj. quum with 
subj.: as, a. my arrival in Africa, 
etc., cum in Africam venissem, Cic. : 
the consuls, a. laying the state of the 
commonwealth before the senate, etc., 
consules quum de republica retulissent, 
Liv. Wl. Zn an inferior degree to: 
sécundum (with acc.): next to and a. 
the gods, men can be the most useful to 
men, proxime et s. deos homines homi- 
nibus maxime utiles esse possunt, Cic. 
IV. Jn uniitation of: 1, ad (with 
ace.): a. the likeness of warlike disci- 
pline, ad similitudinem bellicae disci- 
plinae, Cic.: Liv. 2, de (with abl.): 
a. the old fashion, de more vetusto, 
Virg. : Vv. ACCORDING TO, IN ACCORDANCE 
witH.—N.B. When after is attached to 
verbs, forming a kind of separable com- 
pounds, as, to run after, to follow after, 
to seek after, it is not represented in 
Latin by any single word: see the 
several verbs. 








after (adw): 1, Of place: perhaps 
only in le compounds, as to 
low after : for which see TO FOLLOW, etc. 

9. Of time; post: many years 

a., multis post annis, Cic.: soon a., post 
paulo, Caes.: so long a., post tanto, 
Virg.: v. AFTERWARDS. 

atter (conj.): 1, postéa quam 
(with perf.): a. I began to aim at 
honours, p. quam honoribus inservire 
coepi, Cic.: but a. the cavalry came in 
sight, the enemy turned their backs, p. 
vero quam ‘equitatus in conspectum 
venit, hostes terga verterunt, Caes.  Q. 
postquam, or separately post... quam 
(also with perf.): on the eleventh day 
a. I had left you, undecimo die post- 
quam a te discesseram, Cic,: uhich had 
happened a. 1 had given to the jreedman 
a letter for you, quod post accidisset 
quam dedissem ad te liberto literas, 
Cic.: Caes.: Virg. 3. May often be 
expr. by perf. part. (Vv. AFTER, [7Tep. 
Il. fin.) : as, a. the battle was finished, 
proelio confecto, Sall.: six years a, Veit 
was taken, sexennio post Veios captos, 
Liv.: v.also WHEN, AS SOON AS, Ph Pes 
the day a. you set out I came to Pompey, 
postridie quam tu es protectus, veni ad 
Pompeium, Cic.: Saguntum was taken 
eight months a. the siege began, octavo 
mense quam coeptum est oppugnari 
captum est S., Liv.: he died the fourth 
year a. he was exiled, decessit post an- 
ane quartum quam expulsus fuerat, 
Wep. 

after-ages: V. POSTERITY. 

after all (adverb. phr.): 1, tamén: 
though the achievements of the Athe- 
nians were supiciently great, they were, 
ajter all, considerably less important 
than, ete., Atheniensium res gestae satis 
amplae fuere, aliquanto minores tamen 
quam, etc., Sall.: though strength be 
wanting, yet after all, the wish is praise- 
worthy, ut desint vires, tamen est. lau- 
danda voluntas, Ov.: v. YET, NOTWITH- 
STANDING. 2. quanquam : a/ter ali, 
why do I speak, q. quid loquor? Cic. : 
Vv. ALTHOUGH. 3, saltem: tf not in 
a good condition of the commonwealth, 
yet after all, in a sure one, si non bono, 
at s. certo reipublicae statu, Cic.: v. aT 
LEAST. 

after-birth : sécundae, arum- Cels. 
Plin.; secundae partis, Plin. 

after-growth (of trees when cup- 
ped): heres, edis, m,: Plin. 

aftermath: 1, chordum fenum 
Plin. 9. sicilimenta, orum: Cato. 

afternoon (suvbs.): _ 1, post méri- 
diem: having devoted the forenoon to 
declaiming, we went down into the Aca- 
demy in the a., quum ante meridiem 
dictioni operam dedissemus, post meri~ 
diem in Academiam descendimus, Cic. 

2. poméridianum or postmeéridia- 

num tempus: Cic. 

afternoon (adj.): postméridianus 
or pomeridianus: an a. walk, ambu- 
latio p., Cic.: an a. letter, i.e., one deli- 
vered in the a., literae p., Cic.: the a. 
service (at church), *publica sacra p. 

after-pains: dolores ex partu, Cels. 
2, 8. 
after-piece: *fabella brevis post 
majorem fabulam actam data. 

after-thought: postérior cogitatio. 
after-thoughts, as they say, are usually 
the wiser, p. cogitationes, ut aiunt, sa- 
pientiores solent esse, Cic. 

afterwards: 1. post: some time 
a., aliquanto post, Cic.: v. AFTER 
(adv.). 2, postéa: P. Considius had 
been in Sulla’s army and a. in that of 
Crassus, P. Considius in exercitu Sullae 
et p. in Crassi fuerat, Caes.: some time 
a., p. aliquanto, Cic. 3. posthac : 
Vv. HEREAFTER, 4, deindé, deinceps, 
déhinc: Vv. THEN, THEREUPON, NEXT 
(adv.). 

again: |, Oncemore: 1, dénuo 
(i.e. de novo, afresh: q. v.): read the 
letter a., literas recita d., Cic.: cities 
overthrown by an earthquake he built 
a., urbes terrae motu subversas d. con- 
didit, Suet. 2, itérum (a_ second 
time): once and a., semel i.que, Cic.; 





AGAINST 


AGED 


AGGRANDIZE 


——— ee > NX >.sX3X<XRhvOOOOOooo aoe aaa 


Caesar sends ambassadors to him 4a., 
i. ad eum Caesar legatos mittit, Caes. 
3. rursus and rursum: the Helvetti 
began to press on a., Helvetii rursus 
instare coeperunt, Caes.: Ter.: Cic. 
Phr.: I must lose as much a., alterum 
tantum perdundum est, Pl.: as large a., 
altero tanto major, Cic.; duplo major, 
Plin.: as much money a., dupla pecunia, 
Liv. : to compare arguments with argu- 
ments a. and a., etiam atque etiam 
argumenta cum argumentis comparare, 
Cic.: to look a. and a., etiam atque 
etiam aspicere, Hor. N.B. This word 
is frequently expressed by the particle 
ré prefixed to the verb; as, to grow a., 
Tecresco; to boil up a., récdquo, Cic. : 
v. TO GROW, etc. I]. Further, in ad- 
dition : 1, autem: v. MOREOVER. 
Q. jam: a., how sensible his advice 
as, ye have often experienced from this 
very place, jam quantum consilio valeat 
noc ipso ex loco saepe cognostis, Cic.: 
Liv. 8. porro: I have often heard 
from my elders, who said that they a, 
when boys had heard it from old men, 
saepe audivi a majoribus natu, qui se p. 
pueros a senibus audisse dicebant, Cic. : 
Liv. 4, rursus and rursum: what- 
ever they say I praise; a.if they say 
the opposite to that, I praise that too, 
qnicquid dicunt laudo; id rursum si 
negant, laudo id quoque, Ter.: a shout 
having been raised, a shout from the 
rampart answers tt a., clamore sublato 
excipit rursus ex vallo clamor, Caes. 
5, praetéréa: v. BESIDES, FURTHER. 
against: |. Upon (usu. with an 
implication of force): 1, in (with acc.) : 
he runs and falls a. me, in me incurrit 
atque incidit, Cic.: the Gauls rush a. 
the Romans, Galli in Romanos incurr- 
unt, Liv. Q, Ad (with acc.): to strike 
one’s head a. an arch, caput ad fornicem 
offendere, Quint.: they lean a. the trees, 
se ad arbores applicant, Caes.: v. UPON. 
(in this sense against is usu. expr. by 
prefixes to the verbs, as, to run @., 
incurro, occurro, etc.: for which see the 
several verbs.) I]. 22 opposition ; 
denoting hostility, contradiction, disap- 
probation, injury, protection from : 
contra (with acc. in all the above 
senses): to conspire a. the Roman 
people, conjurare c. populum R., Caes. : 
Cic.: one man can do nothing a. many, 
nihil unus potest c. multos, Cic.: a. any 
one’s judgment, c, alicujus judicium, Cic. 
(V. CONTRARY TO): evidence which is a. 
any one, testimonium quod c..aliquem 
est, Cic.: this is not only not in my 
favour, but is a. me, hoc non modo non 
pro me sed c. me est, Cic.: a protection 
a. cold, tutela c. frigora, Plin.: Cic. 
2. in (with acc.: esp. of direct 
attack upon): to inflame the people a. 
evil men, populum inflammare in im- 
probos, Cic.: to inveigh a. the tribunes, 
in tribunos incurrere, Liv. 3. adver- 
sis or adversum (with acc.: of direct 
hostility and of remedies a.): I will 
Follow you a. my old allies, sequar vos 
adv. veteres socios meos, Liv.: J will 
not contend a. you, non contendam ego 
adv. te, Cic.: remedies a. poisons, reme- 
dia adv. venena, Cels. 4, ad (with 
acc.: rare): they dare to go a. any 
number of horse-soldiers, ad quemvis 
numerum equitum adire audent, Caes. : 
to prepare for war a. the enemy, ad 
hostes bellum parare, Liv.: v. also, 
CONTRARY TO, FROM, FOR. Wl. In a 
contrary direction: contra (with acc.) : 
the beams turned a. the force and cur- 
rent of the river, tigna c. vim atque im- 
petum fluminis conversa, Caes. Phr.: 
a. the stream, adverso flumine or in ad- 
versum flumen, Caes.: Liv.: the winds 
are dead a. us, venti nobis adversissimi 
sunt, Caes.: v. OPPOSITE TO. IV. By 
a@ given time; v. BY. 
agape: V GAPING. 
agaric: V. MUSHROOM, TOUCHWOOD, 
agate: achates, ae, m. and f.: Plin. : 
white a., leacachates, ae, m.: Plin. 
agave: *aloé americana: Linn. 
age: |. Time of life: 1, aetas, 
atis, f.: the a, of men, aet. hominum, 


Cic,: the a. of trees, aet. arborum, Plin. : 
we are now of such ana. that we ought 
to endure all things courageously, id 
aetatis jam sumus ut omnia fortiter 
ferre debeamus, Cic.: Fimbria was 
more advanced in a., Fimbria longius 
aetate provectus fuit, Cic.: a child in 
a., aetate puer, Cic. Of definite periods 
of life: an advanced a., aet. provecta, 
Cic.: advancing a., ingravescens aet., 
Cic.: of all (the other) as there is a 
jized limit, but none of old a., ommium 
aet. certus est terminus, senectutis au- 
tem nullus, Cic.: the a. of boyhood, aet. 
puerilis, Cic.: the inexperience of youth- 
Jul a., ineuntis aet. inscitia, Cic.: the 
lower of a., i.e., youth, flos aetatis, Cic. : 
middle a., aet. media, constans, Cic.: the 
legal a. for the consulship, aet. consul- 
aris, Cic. 2. aevum (poet.): human 
nature is weak and of short a., natura 
humana imbecilla atque aevi brevis est, 
Sall.: if any one shall ask you my 4., 
meum si quis te percontabitur aevum, 
Hor.: the flower of a., flos aevi, Ov. : 
he would now be blooming at the same 
a. as you, nune aequali tecum pubes- 
ceret aevo, Virg.— Nore. Age when 
= old-age may be expr. by aetas or 
(poet.) aevum when the context ex- 
plains the sense in which tke words are 
used: as,a@ man worn out with disease 
and a., vir morbo atque aet. confectus, 
Sall.: worn out with a., confectus aevo, 
Virg.: v. YEARS, OLD aGE. Phr.: I 
am in the 84th year of my a., quartum 
annum ago et octogesimum, Cic.: this 
end had Galba at the a. of 73, hunc ex- 
itum habuit Galba, tribus et septuaginta 
annis, Tac. : @ man more than 40 year's 
of a., Vir annos natus major quadraginta, 
Cic.: with children above the a. of 15, 
cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim 
annos natis, Liv.: P. Orbius is about 
my a., P. Orbius meus fere aequalis est, 
Cic.: under a., minor Xx1 annis or an- 
norum, Dig.: above a., major XxXI annis. 
(N.B. The Roman law differed trom 
the English in respect of the age at 
which legal competency began, and 
hence none of its terms are exactly 
equivalent to our phrases, which must 
therefore be literally rendered) : ll. 
A particular period; an epoch : i 
aetas: the chief astronomers of that ., 
summi astrologi illius aet., Cic.: the 
heroic a.s, heroicae aet., Cic.: the golden 
a., aurea aet., Ov. 9, aevum: in our 
a., in nostro aevo, Plin. 8. séciilum : 
I myself perhaps am involved in the 


error of this a., ipse fortasse in hujus s. | 
errore versor, Cic.: lest the a. of Pyrrha | 


should return, ne rediret s. Pyrrhae, 
Hor. 4, tempus, Oris, 7.: the heroic 
a.s, heroica t., Cic.: v. TIMES. I. Au 
the human beings existing at any one 
time: J], aetas: what have we,a hard- 
ened a., shrunk from ? quid nos dura 
refugimus aetas? Hor. 2, séciilum : 
I know what are the manners of this a., 


novi ego hoc s., moribus quibus sient, | 


Pl.: the insolence of this a., bujus s. 


insolentia, Cic.: the judgment of suc- | 


ceeding a.s, S. reliquorum judicium, Cic. 


Esp. of the spirit or morals of an age: | 
nor is debauchery called the spirit of the 
a,,nec corrumpere ac corrumpi seculum | 


vocatur, Tac. IV. A century or any 
long, indefinite period : 1, séctilum: 
some @.8 afterwards Scipio took Car- 
thage, aliquot seculis post Scipio Cartha- 
ginem cepit, Cic.: Hor. 92, aetas: I 
have lived 200 years ; the present is the 
third a.of my existence, vixi annos bis 
centum; nunc tertia vivitur aetas, Ov. : 
v. CENTURY. 

ed: |. Old: 1, sénex, sénior: 
prop. only of living beings: v. OLD, OLD- 
MAN. 2. sénilis, e (belonging to an 
old person) : an a. body, s. corpus, Cie. : 
a. limbs, s. artus, Ov.: a. throat, s. 
guttur, Hor. 8. anndsus (poet. and 
in late writers): an a. crow, a. cornix, 
Hor.: a. trees, a. arbores, Plin. 4. 
grandaevus (poet.): a. Nereus, g. Ne- 
reus, Virg.: an a. father, g. pater, Ov. 

5, longaevus (poet.): an a. parent, 


1. parens, Virg.: an a. head, |. caput,| dignitate a., Cic. Phr. 








Prop.: an a. woman, longaeva, Uv. 
Phr.: an a. man, vir aetate provectus, 
Cic.; V. OLD, ADVANCED IN YEARS. ff, 
Of a certain a.: natus: a man a, 40 
years, vir annos quadraginta natus, Cic. : 
aman a. upwards of 50, homo annos 
natus major quinquaginta, Cic.: v. OLD. 


agency : |, Action: q. v. Il. 
Administration, instrumentality : Bb 
administratio: without the a. of men, 
sine a. hominum, Cic. 2. opéra 


(chiefly in abl.): he learned that Tas- 
getius had been killed through their a., 
eorum op. Tusgetium cognovit interfec- 
tum, Caes.: whence could we have har- 
bours without the a. of men ? unde sine 
hominum op. portus habere possemus? 
Cic. Phr.: it is through my a., per 
me fit, stat (esp. in negative sentences ; 
foll. by ne or quominus): it was through 
the a. of your adversaries that it did 
not take place, quominus fieret, factum 
est per tuos adversarios, Cic.: Ter. 
Wh. The duty or business of an 
agent: prociratio: an ill-managed a., 
male gesta p., Quint. 
agent: |. An actor, he that acts: 
1, actor: Cato was the a.in those 
things : Cato a, illarum rerum fuit, Cic. 
2. auctor: the inquiry refers both 
to the act and to the a., quaeritur et de 
facto et de a., Quint. hr.: the man 
is a free a., homo sui juris est, Cic.: not 
to be a free a., ad aliorum arbitrium 
vivere, non ad suum, Cic,: Antony was 
never a free a., Antonius in sua potes- 
tate nunquam fuit, Cic. Il. One who 
acts for another: 1. prociirator (in 
the strictly legal sense): it makes no 
difference whether you act through as 
or in person, nihil interest utrum per 
procuratores agas an per te ipsum, 
Cic.: the a.s of Dolabella, Dolabellae 
p., Cic.: a legally-appointed a., legiti- 
me p. dictus, Cic.: Quint. 9. ci- 
rator (with some limiting word): he 
had a faithful a., erat ei negotiorum 
curator fidus, Sall.: a. of the common- 
wealth (said by Bocchus of Sulla), c. rei- 
publicae, Sall. 3, auctor (rather rare) : 
that admirable a. of his state! prae- 
clarus iste a. suae civitatis, Cic.: the a. 
of many societies, multarum societatum 
a.,Cic. 4, interpres, étis (esp. in bad 
sense): a.3 for corrupting the adminis- 
tration of justice, interpretes corrum- 
pendi judicii, Cic.: Liv. 5, minister, 
tri: the freedman of Fabricius had been 
his a. in a crime, Fabricii libertus m. 
in malefacto fuerat, Cic.: the as of 
their wickedness were arrested, sceleris 
ministri comprehensi sunt, Liv.: vy. 
ABETTER. 6. administer, tri: as 
and abetters of Naevius, a. et satellites 
Naevii, Cic. (Obs. Both this and the 
preceding are general terms, and must 
not be used for agent in its strict and 
legal sense.) Phr.: to be a. for any 
one, alicui procurare, Dig.: to be a. for 
distributing provisions, alimentis divi 
dendis procurare, Capit. ||], An active 
power or cause: in such phr. as, fire ts 
a powerful a.; when it must not be 
literally trans.: as, a powerful a. mm 
checking pains of the stomach, (herba) 
in dolore stomachi efficax, Plin.: wind 
is a powerful a., *magna s. ingens est 
vis ventorum. 
agglomerate: gliméro, 1: & a. 
wool into balls, lanam in orbes g., Ov. : 
snows a.d by an eddy of wind, glome- 
ratae turbine nives, Sil. 
agglutinate: agglitino, 1 (v. rare) 
Cic.: Cels.: v. TO STICK TO. 
agglutination: congliitinatio (vy. 
rare): Cic.: Vv. ADHESION. 
aggrandize: 1, amplifico, 1: a 


few a.d by honour and glory may cor- 


rupt the manners of the community, 
pauci honore et gloria amplificati mores 
civitatis corrumpere possunt, Cic. ay 
attollo, 3: to a. the republic by war and 
arms, bello et armis rempublicam a, 
Tac. 8, augeo, auxi, auctum, 2 (usu. 
with a defining abl.): to a. the occu- 
pants with wealth, possessores divitiis 
a., Cic.: toa. any one in rank, aliquem 
to a. any one 
21 


AGGRANDIZEMENT 





excessively, immensis auctibus aliquem 
extollere, Tac.: Vv. TO ENLARGE, IN- 
CREASE, EXALT. 

aggrandizement: _ 1. amplifica- 
tio: the a. of one’s private property, 
rei familiaris a., Cic. 2. incremen- 
tum: Cicero was indebted to himself 
for all his a., Cicero omnia incrementa 
sua sibi debuit, Vell. Phr.: he seeks 
only the a.of his own family, *id solum 
quaerit, ut suos potentia, honore, divi- 
tiis, augeat : he is bent only on his oun 
a., *hoc unum studet ut fortunas suas 
amplificet, augeat. 

aggrandizer: «mplificater: you 
shall learn that I am wot merely the 
supporter but the a. of your dignity, me 
tuae dignitatis non modo fautorem sed 
etiam a. coguosces, Cic. 

aggravate: |. To make worse or 
less endurable : 1, gravo, 1: forbear 
toa. my hard lot, tu fortunam parce g. 
meam, Ov.: to a: one's unpopularity, 
alicujus invidiam ¢., Tac. Q2, aggravo, 
I: affairs had been a.d by a war, bello 
res aggravatae erant, Liv.: Plin. 3: 
ingravo, t (less trequent): the one a.s 
my misfortunes, the other relieves them, 
illa meos casus 1., illa levat, Ov.: Virg. 

4, aspéro, 1: to a. the wrath of a 
conqueror, iram victoris a., Tac. 5. 
exulcéro, I (as a sore): what they 
cannot heal they a., ea quae sanare ne- 
queunt, e., Cic.: to a. grief, dolorem e., 
Plin. Ep. 6. Onéro, 1 (chiefly in Liv. 
and Tac.): to a.a wrong, \njuriam o., 
Liv.: to a. anzieties, curas 0., Tac. 
7, augeo, xi, ctum,2: fo a. any 

one’s grief, a. alicui dolorem, Cic.: age 
a.s gluttony, vitium ventris et gutturis 
aetas a., Cic.: Vv. TO INCREASE. |]. 70 
describe in exoggeruled terms: : 
augeo, 2: to a. the heinousness of an 
action, facti atrocitatem a., Cic.: to a. 
a charge, crimen a.,Quint. 2, aspéro, 
t: that hemight seem neither to soften 
nor toa, the accusations, ne lenire neve 
a. crimina videretur, Tac.: v. TO EXAG- 
GERATE, 

aggravating (4j.): |. Jlaking 
worse: Phr.: circumstances a.a crime, 
*quod peccati atrocitutem auget: v. TO 
AGGRAVATE, — |, Annoying, vexatious : 
molestus: v. ANNOYING, VEXATIOUS. 

aggravation : The making 
pain, grief, &c., more intolerable : rR 
exulcératio: Z was afraid that this 
might be, not a consolation , but an a. 
(of your grief), verebar ne haec non 
consolatio sed e. esset, Sen. Q, (more 
usu.) expr. by phr.: as, this is an a. 
of our misery, *auget, gravat, onerat, 
hoc miseriam nostram: v. TO AGGRA- 
VATE. |]. 4 making worse; Phr.: 
it is an a.of the crime that the in- 
jured man was a friend, *auget atroci- 
tatem facinoris quod homini amico injuri- 
am intulit: to consider the a.s or the 
extenuations of an offence, *quae crimen 
aut augent aut diluunt aestimare, s. 


reputare: v. TO AGGRAVATE. 
aggregate (v.): V- TO BRING TO- 
GETHER. 


ageregate (adj.): v. WHOLE, TOTAL. 

aggrezate (subs.): summa v.SUM, 
TOTAL (subs.). 

aggregation : 
ing together: collatio: Liv. 
aggregale: 4. V- 

aggression: Phr.: to make a.s on 
the territories of one’s neighbours, incur- 
siones in finitimorum fines hostiliter 
facere, Liv.: we will not submit to your 
a.s, *injurias tuas non patiemur, fere- 
mus: Vv. A?TTACK. 

aggressive: Phr-.: the Romans took 
the a. in the war against Philip, ultro 
bellum Philippo Romani inferebant, 
Liv.: those who ave acting on the a. 
have more spirit than those acting on 
the defensive, animus est major infer- 
entis vim quam arcentis, Liv.: also, to 
tale the a., arma hostibus ultro inferre, 
Liv.: prior hostes beilo lacessere, Caes. : 
Cic.: infesta arma contra aliquem ferre, 
Justin: and of an a. movement in the 
field, infestis signis in hostes impetum 
facere, ad hostes ire, Caes.: the Romans 

22 


|. The act of bring- 
I]. An 








AGITATION 





always pursued an a. policy, *sempet 
hostes petere quam ab iis peti malebant 
Romani: an a. spirit, animus intestus, 
Cic. : v. HOSTILE. 

aggressor: qui bellum ultro infert; 
qui alterum pricr lacessit: Vv. AGGRES- 
SIVE. 

agerieve : |. Yo grieve: q. Vv. 

|]. Zo injure: q. Vv. 

aghast: stiipéfactus: men gaze a. 
upon him while speaking, homines eum 
stupefacti dicentem intuentur.Cic. Esp. 
in phr. to stand or be a.3 obstiipesco, 
stiipui, 3: J was a. at the sight; my 
hair stood on end, obstupui, steteruntque 
Vv. AMAZED, ASTONISHED. 


Appulus, Hor. : v. ACTIVE, NIMBLE. 

agility : 1, aigilitas: Quint. Q, 
pernicitaS: a. and swiftness, p. et velo- 
citas, Cic.: Caes.: V. NIMBLENESS, 

agio; collybus: how can there be an 
a. when every one uses the same kind 
of coins ? c. esse qui potest quum utan- 
tur omnes uno genere numorum? Cic.: 
to make a deduction for the a., deduc- 
tionem facere pro c., Cie. 

agist: v- TO PASTURE. 

agistment: v- PASTURING. 

agitate: _ |, Zo move rapidly to 
and fio: 1, Agito, 1: the seats ad 
and disturbed by the violence of the 
winds, mare ventorum vi agitatur atque 
turbatur, Cic. 9. sollicito, 1 (mostly 
poet.): to a. the sea with oars, freta 
remis s., Wirg.: v. TO SHAKE. IL. 
Fig.: to exctte or disturb: 1, agito, 
1: to a. the commonalty, plebem a., 
Liv.: the republic was fiercely ad by 
the dissensions of the tribunes, seditioni- 
bus tribuniciis atrociter respublica agita- 
batur, Sall.: lest ungratified desire con- 
tinually a. and harass thee, ne te semper 
inops agitet vexetque cupido, Hor. 2, 
commdveo, movi, motum, 2: my mind 
has been a.d by fear, hope, joy. animus 
commotu ’st metu, spe, guudio, Ter. : to 
be ad by any strong desire or by fear, 
aut libidine aliqua aut metu commoveri, 
Cic. 3, perturbo, 1 (v. TO DISTURB, 
TROUBLE): to a. the mind, animum p., 
Cic.: to be a.d respecting the sufety of 
the state, de reipublicae salute pertur- 
bari, Cic. 4, pulso, 1 (poet.): fear 
agitating their hearts, corda pavor pul- 
sans, Virg.: Ov.: v. TO DISTURB, EX- 
CITE,STIK UP. [J Zo discuss, debate: 
agito, 1: these matters having been a.d, 
his rebus agitatis, Caes.: v. TO DISCUSS, 
DEBATE. 

agitated (adj.): 1, sollicitus: the 
a. sea, mare s.. Virg. Fig.: a state a. 
by suspicion, sollicita civitas suspicione, 
Cic.: I am not ignorant how a. and 
anzious all love is, non ignoro quam sit 
amor omnis s. atque anxius, Cic.: an a. 
life, s. vita, Hor. 2. trépidus: the 
iron hisses when plunged into the a. 
water, ferrum in trepida submersum 
sibilat unda, Ov. Fig.: a. with fear, 
t. metu, Sall.: Wirg.: with gen.: a. 
with wonder and fear, t. admirationis 
ac metus, Tac.: an a. look, t. Vultus, 
Ov. 8, tiimultiiOsus: the a. sea, t. 
mare, Hor. Fig.: a seditious and a. 
life, seditiosa ac t. vita, Cic, 4, tur- 
bulentus : the a. water, t. aqua, Phaedr. 
Fig.: an a. commonwealth, t. res- 
publica, Cic. 

——, to be: trépido, 1: my 
mind is a. with recent fear, recenti mens 
t. metu, Hor.: to be a. with dread of 
war, formidine belli t.,Ov.: ¥. TO BE 
DISTURBED, TROUBLED. 

agitation: |. Violent movement : 

1, agitatio: the movements and a.s 
of the waves, motus et agitationes fluc- 
tuum, Cic.. Liv. Q. jactatio: the 
soldiers not being yet sufficiently re- 
covered from the a. of the sea, necdum 
satis refectis ab j. maritima militibus, 


Liv.: Cic.: Vv. TOSSING. I]. Mental 
or political disturbance : 1, comms- 
tio a. of mind, c. animi, Cic. 2. 


concitatic: more violent mental a.s, c. 
vehementiores animi, Cic.: Liv. 3: 


AGONY 


| perturbatio : L for my part am dis- 
‘turbed by great mentul a., equidem 
/sum magna animi p. commotus, Cic. 
after the deuth of Cursur, couses of 
new a.s seemed to be sought jor, post 
interitum Caesaris novarum p. causae 
quaeri videbantur, Cic. 4, timultus, 
us: the a. of the mind, t. mentis, Hor. : 
Lucan. 5, trépidatio: » as there any 
a.? any disorder ? unmquae t.? num- 
qui tumultnus? Cic.: Vell. Phr.: the 
corn-law a., *populi concitatio de legi- 
bus frumentariis abrogandis. v. DIS- 
TURBANCE. II]. Yiscussion, debate : 
q.v. Phr.: I hear that it is ma. 
to bring jorward a law estublishing 
vote by bullot, audio id jam moveri 
ut lex tabellaria teratur. 

agitator (political): 1, qui solli- 
citando animos hominum turbat statum 
civitatis, Liv. 34, 62. Q, turbator 
vulgi, Liv. 3. plebis turbator, Tac. 

4, seditiosus civis et turbulentus, 
Cic. 5, turbae ac tumultus conci- 
tator, Liv.: the mob, having been roused, 
outstripped the a. himself, multitudo 
oe ipsum concitatorem antecessit, 

n. 
agnail: rédtivia: Cic.: Plin. 

agnate: a relation by the father’s 
side: agnatus, Cic, 

agnus castus: agnos, i, f.: Plin.: 
vitex agnus castus, Linn. 

ago: Abbinc: their father died 22 
years a., horum pater a. duos et viginti 
annos est mortuus, Cic.: when? four 
years a., quo tempore? a. annis qua- 
tuor, Cic.: 30 days a., a. triginta diebus, 
Cic. Phr.: siz months a., ante hos sex 
menses, Phaedr.: a few days a., paucis 
his diebus, Cic.: long a., some time a., 
didum, pridem; jamdidum, jampri- 
dem : v. foll. articles. 

—,long: 1, dudum: when ? not 
long ago, quando? haudd., Pl. : how long 
a.” just now, quam d.? modo, Ter. : Cic. 

9. jamdudum: has she already left 
the soldier ? long ago, anne abiit jam 
amilite? j., Ter. 8. pridem: how 
long a. is it since you entered this debt 
in your journal ? quam p. hoc nomen 
in adversaria retulisti? Cic.: not very 
long a., haud ita p., Hor. 4, jampri- 
dem: this ought to have been done long 
a., hoc j. factum esse oportuit, Cic. : 
Virg. (Dudum strictly reters to a time 
longer ago than pridem, but is often 
used, like the Greek mada, of a time 
only a little removed from the present. 
Both words are strengthened by jam: vy. 
LONG sINcE), Phr.: I foresaw the 
coming storm long a., multo ante pro- 
spexi tempestatem futuram, Cic. 

—, some time: 1, dudum (see 
preceding art. fin.): I am telling this 
man what you told me some time a., warro 
huic quae tu d. narrasti mihi, Ter.: Cie. 

2, pridem: which you had written 
to me some time ago, quod ad me p. 
scripseras, Cic. 

agog: V- EAGER, LONGING. 

agoing: only in phr. toset a.: L. 
Lit. of physical motion : incito, 1 (only 
of rapid motion) : to set stones a. down- 
hill, inc. saxa per pronum, Sall. fr.: fo 
set horses rapidly u., equos vehementer 
ine., Caes. Il, Fig-: moveo, movi, 
motum, 2: is it I who set those things 
a.’ ego isthaec m.? ‘rer.: V. TO BEGIN, 
UNDERTAKE. 

agonize: |. Trans.: to distress 
severely : 1, criicio, 1: to bea.d with 
bodily pain, dolore corporis cruciari, Cic. 

9. discriicio, 1: to be a.d in mind, 
discruciari animi, ‘ler. 3, excriicio, I 
(stronger than the preceding) : i say no 
more, lest I should a. you too, non loquot 
plura, ne te quoque excruciem, Cic.: v. 
TOTORTURE, TORMENT. ‘fj, Intrans.: 
to be in agony: V. AGONY. 

agonizing: criicians, antis: a. grief, 
aegritudo c., Cic. 

agony: 1. acerbissimus animi sen- 
sus ac dolor, Cic. 92. acerbissimus or 
acerrimus dolor, Cic.: Vv. GRIEF, PAIN. 








Phr.: in what a. the wretched mothers 
are! ut miserae matres cruciantur! PL: 


Tam in mental a., discrucior anim, 


AGRARIAN 


AGREEABLY 


AGRICULTURAL 





Ter.: Pi.: to be in a., doiore angi, Cic. : 


1am ina, about that, id ego excrucior, | C 


Pl. (In Vulg. Luc. 22, 44, being in an 
a.,he prayed more earnestly, factus in 
agonia, prolixius orabat.,) 

agrarian : agrarius: a. laws, leges 


agrariae, Cic. 

agree: |. To beof the same mind 
or opinion : 1, consentio, sensi, sen- 
sum, 4(with prep.): I a. with you on 
that sulject, de ea re tecum consentio, 
Cic.: all as with one breath a., omnes 





uno ore c., Cic.; so, una et mente et 


voce in aliqua re c., Cic. : also with acc. 
and inf.: all men 2, that arms ought 
to be taien up, omnes mortales c. arma 
esse capienda, Cic. 2. assentio, or 
(more freq.) assentior, 4 (i.e. to assent 
to: with dat.): they a.d with Bibulus, 
Bibulo assensum est, Cic.: the senate 
very often a.d with you about the most 
important affairs, saepissime tibi sena- 
tus maximis de rebus assensus est, Cic. 

8, sentio, 4 (with cum or some 
other word): Ja. with you, tecum sen- 
tio, PL: to a. with Caesar, cum Caesare 
s., Cic.: if only all would a. to and ap- 
prove the same, si modo unum omnes 
sentiant ac probent, Caes. 4, congriio, 
ui, 3: about one thingy only they differ, 
about the rest they a. wonderfully, de re 
una solum dissident, de ceteris mirifice 
c,, Cic. 5, consisto, stiti, stitum, 3: 
toa. with any one in words, but to differ 
in fact, com aliquo verbis c., re dissid- 
ere, Cic 6, convénio, véni, ventum, 
4 (with prep. : esp. impers.): this was 
the only thing in which they could not 
a., exstitit hoc unum quod non convene- 
rit illis, Ov.: herein I a. with Brutus, 
hoe quidem mihi cum Bruto convenit, 
Cic. 7, concino, einui, centum, 3 (with 
prep.): to a. in fact with any one, but 
to differ in words, re c. cum aliquo, 
verbis discrepare, Cic. so it happens 
that no two a. (in the measurement), ita 
fit ut nulli duo c., Plin. 8, audio, 4 
(i.e. to listen to and accept what some 
one says: with ace.): Ia. with Socrates 
when he says, etc., id Socratem audio 
dicentem, etc., Cic. nor do I a. with 
Homer, who says, etc., nec Homerum 
audio, qui... ait, Cic. Phr.: used to 
say that you were the only person who 
ad with me, commemorabam te unum 
mihi fuisse assensorem, Cic. Il. Zo 
settle mutually : 1. compono, pésii, 
positum, 3: as had been a.d upon with 
Marcius, ut compositum cum Marcio 
fuerat, Liv.: the treaty has been already 
concluded, and all its terms a.d upon, 
ictum jam foedus et omnes compositae 
leges, Virg.: at the hour a.d upon, com- 
posita hora, Hor. 2. constitiio, ti, 
utum, 3: the day which he hada.d upon 
with the ambassadors had come, ea dies 
quam constituerat cum legatis venit, 
Caes.: we a.d to finish our walle in the 
Academy, constituimus inter nos ut am- 
bulationem in Academia conficeremus, 
Cie: I could wish that I had not ad 
with Laelius to come to-day, vellem non 
constituissem me hodie venturum esse 
Laelio, Cic. 3. condico, dixi, dictum, 
3 (rare): he a.d for a fixed price, certo 
condixit pretio, Phaedr. : to a. upon a 
truce, inducias c., Just. 4, consentio, 
4: the whole senate a.d to decree a tri- 
umph, universus senatns ad decernen- 
dum triumphum consensit, Liv. 5. 
paciscor, pactum, 3: he a.s for a large 
reward with the chiefs, paciscitur magna 
mercede cum principibus, Liv.: Cic.: v. 
TO BARGAIN. 6. deépaciscor (dépzc ), 
3: he ad with them to leave his arms, 
depactus est cum eis ut arma relinqueret, 
Cic. 7%, pango, pépigi, pactum, 3 (in 


_ perfect tenses only): a treaty a.d upon, 


pactum foedus, Cic.: you have a.d upon 

with us, pacem nobiscum pepi- 
gistis, Liv.: Ov.: Tac. 8. convénit 
(impers.): V. AGREED UPON, TO BE; TO 
APPOINT, TO SETTLE. Il. To assent 
to: assentio and (more freq.) assentior, 
4 (with dat.): the citizens always ad 
to his wishes, ejus semper voluntatibus 
cives assenserunt, Cic.: J entirely a. 
with what you have said, illud quod 





| rect, ratio constat, Cic 





a te dictum est, valde tibi assentior, | howa. pleasure flatters our senses, video 


ic.: V. TO ASSENT. IV. 
consistent with : 1, consentio, 4: 
the countenance of Domitius did not a. 
with his words, vultus Domitii cum 
oratione non consentiebat, Cues.: all the 
parts a. with one another, inter se 
omnes partes c., Cic.: what is related 
a.s with the times and places, tenipo- 
ribus et locis ea quae narrantur c., Cic. 


2. consto, stiti, 1: he will consider | 
whether what is said a.s with the fact, | 


or with itself, considerabit constetne 
oratio aut cum re, aut ipsa secum, Cic. : 
the account a.s, i.e. balances, or is cor- 
3, convénio, 
veni, ventum, 4: when the resemblance 
of his features, and the time of his ex- 


, posure, and the confession of the shep- | 
herd a.d, cum et vultus similitudo, et | 


expositionis tempora et pastoris con- 
fessiv convenirent, Just.: v. 10 corR- 
RESPOND, BE CONSISTENT. Yf, To suit, 
be adapted to: q.v. Phr.: liquid food 


(as with the fatigued, cibus humidus 





“a very a. 


fatigatis convenit, Cels. Vi. Zo bein 
harmony : 1, concordo, 1: you will 
a, with her, concordabis cum illa, Ter. : 
not even then could the brothers a., ne 
tune quidem fratres c. potuerunt, Just. 
2. congriio, 3: @ woman a.s better 
with a woman, mulier mulieri magis c., 
Ter. 3. convénio, 4: to a. very well 
with any one, optime cum aliquoc., Cic. 
Vil. As Gram. ¢.t. : séquor, sé- 
ctitus, 3: as, adjectives a. with sub- 
stantives in case, gender, number, *ad- 
jectiva substantivorum suorum casum, 
genus, numerum s, 
agreeable: |. Pleasing : 1. 
gratus: an a. truth, veritas g., Cic.: 
an a. mistake, g. error, Hor.: an a. 
place, g. locns, Hor. Verya., pergratus: 
letter, perg. literae, Cic. 
2. acceptus (with dat.: v. AcCEPT- 
ABLE): nothing ts more a. to God, nihil 
Deo acceptius, Cic. 3, commidus 
(esp. of manners): a.tomy companions, 
c. sodalibus meis, Hor. 4, amabilis, 
e€: an a. coolness, a. frigus, Hor.: v. 
LOVELY, 5, blandus (of things /lat- 
tering and seductive): by use ease be- 
came more a. every day, otium consue- 
tudine in dies blandius, Liv. 6, ju- 
cundus: Vv. PLEASANT, DELIGHTFUL. 
7. probabilis, e (of what pleases 
any one’s taste: with dat.): a speaker 
more a. to the people, probabilior populo 
orator,Cic. §, probatus (i.e. in favour 
with : with dat.): no one was more a. 
to the chiefs of the patricians, nemo 
probatior primoribus patrum erat, Liv. . 
V. PLEASANT, CHARMING, DELIGHTFUL. 
Il. Of persons or personal man- 
ners: 1, commédus: an a. and 
charming woman, mulier c. et faceta, 
Ter.: a. guests, ¢. convivae, Pl.: to be a 
person of a.manners, commodis moribus 
esse, Cic. Q. facilis,e: to be a. and 
pleasant with anybody, f. et testivum 


esse alicui, ler.: a. end kind, f. bene- 
volusque, Ter.: Cic.: v. GOoD-TEM- 
PERED. 3, lépidus: I found him 


kind, a., and courteous, ego usa sum 
benigno, 1., comi, Ter.: a. manners, 1. 
mores, Pl. 4. festivus: they think 
you a., te f. putant, Ter.: v. PLEASANT, 
POLITE, COURTFOUS, AFFABLE. Il. 
Suitable, agreeing with, consistent : apt- 
us, accommodatus, congruens, consen- 


tiens: v. SUITABLE, AGREEING WITH, 
CONSISTENT. 
agreeableness: |. Pleasantness 


in general : 1, dulcédo, inis, f.: v. 
SWEEINESS, DELICIOUSNESS, CHARM. 
2. suavitas: the a. of a colour, 
coloris s., Cic.: a@ country seat of sur- 
prising a., villa mirifica s., Cic. ll. 
Of persons and personal manners: 
], facilitas: a. and politeness, f. et 
humanitas, Cic.: he treated his friends 
with such a. and indulgence, amicos 
tanta f. indulgentiaque tractabat, Suet. 
2. lépor, dris, m.: v. GRACE. 7 
festivitas: Vv. PLEASANTRY. 4, com- 
mddi, faciles, lepidi mores: v. AGREE- 
ABLE (II). 
agreeably : 


L suavitér: J see 


To be} 











quam s, sensibus blandiatur, Cic.: to 
live a.,s. vivere, Hor. : ascent a. strong, 
odor 8. gravis, Plin. 2, dulcitér(poet. 
dulcé, Hor.). pleasure by which feeling 
is a. and pleasantly excited, yoluptzs 
qua sensus d. ac Jncunde movetur, Cie. - 
a most a. written history, historia scripta 
dulcissime, Cic.: Quint. 3, jicundé: 
to live a., j. vivere, Cic.: Suet. i 
lépidé (collog.): to happen a. and for- 
tunately, |. prospereque evenire, PL; 
Ter.: Vv. PLEASANTLY, DELIGHTFULLY. 
||. Consistently, in accordance with: 
1, accommidaté: to speale as a. as 
possible to truth, dicere quam maxime 
ad veritatem ac., Cic. 2. congrtien- 
ter: to live a. to nature, c. naturae vi- 
vere,Cic. Join: apte congruenterque 
dicere, Cic.: Vv. CONSISTENTLY. 8, Ad: 
to act a. to orders, ad praescriptum 
agere, Caes. 
agreed, to be: constat, stitir, 1: 
it is a. among augurs that the number 
ought to be odd, inter augures con- 
Stat, imparem numerum debere esse, 
Liv.: itis universally a. that there are 
gods, inter omnes e¢. esse devs, Cic. 
agreed upon, to be: convénit, 
venit, ventum, 4: these things are vot 
a. upon between my brother and me, 
haec fratri mecum non conveniunt, ler. : 
the time had been a. upon between them 
for joining battle, tempus inter eos com- 
mittendi proelii convenerat, Caes.: it 
was a. upon by myself and Deiotarus 
that he should be in my camp, mibi cum 
Dejotaro convenit ut ille in meis castris 
esset, Cic.: the army, as had been a. 
upon, was withdrawn from Numidia, 
exercitus, uti convenerat, Numidia de- 
ductus est, Sall.: v. TO AGREE (Il.). 
agreeing (adj.): 1, congriiens, 
entis: there were other letters a. with 
yours, tuis literis c. fuerunt aliae, Cic.. 
oratorical action a. with the sentiments 
expressrd, gestus cum sententiis c., Cic. 
2. consentanéus: actions a. “vith 
these emotions, aciiones bis motibus c., 
Cic. 3, convéniens, entis: friends 
a. well together, convenientes bene 
amici, Cic.: Ov. 4. consentiens, 
entis: movements a. with one’s words 
and sentiments, motus cum yerbis sen- 
tentiisque c., Cic. 
agreement: |. Conformity, con- 
sistency : 1, constantia: thea.o/f all 
words and actions, c. dictorum omninm 
atque factorum, Cic. 9. convénien- 
tia: a. with nature, c. naturae, Cic. 
3. consensus, Us: the wonderful a, 
and harmony of all branches of Warn- 
ing, c. concentusque mirus omnium doc- 
trinarum, Cic. [|]. Harmony of opin- 
ions or feelings: ], consensiv - the a. 
of all nations, c. omnium gentium, Cic.: 
Jaes. 9. consensus, is: never was 
your a. greater in any cause, nunquam 
major vester c. in ulla causa fuit, Cie. 
3. conspiratio: the @. of all good 
men, bonorum omnium c., Cic.: Suet. 
4, constantia: what a. is there 
among augurs ? quae est inter augures 
c.? Cie. Wl. Afutual arrangement, 
compact : ], conventum: to adhere 
to one’s a.s, stare conventis, Cic.- Liv. 
2. conventio: contrary tothe faith 
of the a., contra fidem conventionis, 
Liv.: Tac. 8, pactio: in malcing as 
to regard the law, in p. faciendis legem 
spectare, Cic. : a marriage a., p. nuptialis, 
Liv. 4. pactum: v. compact. 6. 
sponsio: Vv. ENGAGEMENT, STIPULATION. 
6. foedus, Gris, 2.: Vv. LEAGUE, 
compact. Phr.: according to a., com- 
pacto, Cic.; ex compucto, Suet.; ex 
pacto, Nep.; compdésito, Ter.; ex come 
posito, Liv.; ex institiito, Liv.; ex 
sponso, Cic.: V. ARRANGEMENT, BARGAIN 
agricultural : 1, rusticus: Nit 
cander wrote about a. affairs, Nicander 
de rebus r. scripsit, Cic. Q. agricd- 
laris, e: a. work, ag. opus, Col. 3. 
cdlonicus: a. laws, c.leges, Varr. Phr.: 
the number of the a. population, nu- 
merus aratorum, Cic.: the Germans are 
by no means an a. people, minime Ger- 
mani agriculturae student, Caes.: to give 
23 


AGRICULTURE 





a good deal of time and attention to a. 
pursuits, aliquantum operae tempo- 
risque consumere in agris colendis, Cic. 
agriculture: 1, agricultira, or 
separately, agri cultiira: to pay atten- 
tion to a., a. studere, Caes. Q. agri- 
cultio, or separately, agri cultio, Cic. 
3. agrorum cultus: v. CULTIVA- 
TION. 4, agricdlatio : Col. (who uses 
the word of agriculture as distinguished 
from the care of live stock). 5, res 
rusticae (t.e. agriculture abstractedly 
considered) : v. AGRICULTURAL. 
agriculturist: Vv. FARMER, HUs- 
BANDMAN, 
agrimony: agrimonia: Cels.: Plin. 
agrostis: 1, agrostis,is, f.: App. 
2, dactylon: Plin.: cynodon dac- 
tylon: Plin. 
aground: Phr.: the light skiffs 
were a., leves cymbae sidebant, Liv.: 
a ship having got a., navis cum per 
vada haesisset, Tac.: they ran their ships 
a. at Chios, ad Chium naves ejecere, 
Liv.: to run a ship a. on shallows or 
rocks (vadis, scopulis) navem impingere, 
Quint. 4, 1, 61. 
ague: |. The cold fit which pre- 
cedes some fevers; horror, Oris, m.: 
fevers generally begin with a., tebres 
incipiunt fere ab h., Cels. Il. An 
intermittent fever ; febris, is, 7. (with 
a defining word): a quartan a., f. quar- 
tana, Cels. (frigida quartana, Hor.) : an 
a., febris intermittens, Cels.;  frigida 
lebris, Plin.: a tertian a., febris terti- 
ana, Cic.: Cels.: suffering from a ter- 
tian a., tertiana febri laborans, Cic. 
ague-fit: horror: Cels. 
ah (interj.): expr. of grief, concern, 
surprise: 1, ab (used in most senses 
of the Eng.): ah! you know not my 
grief, ah! nescis quam doleam, ‘Ter. : 
ah! cease, ah! desine, Ter.: ah! be not 
so cruel, ah! ne saevi tantopere, ‘ler. 
2. vah (of grief, indignation : also 
of joy): ah! I am ruined, vah! perii! 
Ver.: ah! how I would mangle him, 
vah! quibus illum lacerarem modis, PI. : 
v. HAH. 8. Gja (expr. of wonder, ad- 
miration, eager appeal): ah! how nice 
he is, eja! ut elegans est, Ter.: ah! be 
of good cheer, eja | bonum habe animum, 
Pl.: v. HO! COME! 4, heu,eheu; v. 
ALAS. 5, atat (of something that 
strikes suddenly: also of grief): ah! 
that’s what tt meant, atat! hoc illud est, 
Yer.: ah! I am ruined, atat! perii, 
PL: v. HAH! 6, pro or proh (of 
shame, regret, etc.: usu. with acc.): 
ah! how great is the power of thy sway, 
pro! quanta potentia regni est tui, Ov. : 
v. OH! 7, hei (with dat.): ah me! 
hei mihi! Virg.: v. ALAS, WOE! 
aha (interj.): aha: Pl.: v. also Ho, 
AH. 
ahead: v. FoRWARD. Togo a., pro- 
cedere: v. TO GO FORWARD: to get a. of 
any one, praeverto: Vv. TO GET AHEAD. 
aid (subs.): |. Assistance, help : 
auxilium; v. ASSISTANCE, HELP, Phr.: 
provided with all the aids either of na- 
ture or of learning for speaking, omni- 
bus vel naturae vel doctrinae praesidiis 
ad dicendum paratus, Cic. : v. RESOURCES, 
APPLIANCES. |], Av assistant, helper : 
q. V. II]. 4 kind of tax granted to 
government ; *auxilium quod de gratia 
et non de jure fit; liberum adjutorium : 
v. Du Cange, s. vv. 
aid (v.): v.TO ASSIST, HELP, SUCCOUR. 
aide-de-camp: perh. the nearest 
term is optio: v. ADJUTANT. Or by 
periphr., *qui ducis imperata ad alios 
defert. 
aiding (adj.): v. AUXILIARY. 
ail (v.); doléo, 2 (with dat.): nothing 
a.’d any one, nilfil cuiquam doluit, Cic. : 
Lam not afraid lest anything should a. 
me, non metuv ne quid mihi doleat, Pl. 
Phr.: to be a.g, laborare: male, graviter 
se habere, etc.; Vv. ILL, UNWELL. 
ailing: v. DISEASED, ILL. 
ailment: V- DISEASE, ILLNESS. 
aim (v.): |. Yo direct an arrow or 
other weapon at: 1. intendo, di, 
tum and sum, 3 (with in and acc.; or 
dat.): to aim a weapon at the neck, 


24 











AIR 





wea~ 
pons aimed at the vitals of the state, 


telum in jugulum int., Plin. Ep. : 


tela intenta jugulis civitatis, Cic.: also 
absol., to aim arrows in war, bello int. 
sagittas, Virg. 2, dirigo, rexi, rec- 
tum, 3 (with in and acc.; or dat.): to 
a. a spear at an antagonist’s face, 
hastam in os adversarii d., Curt.: Pallas 
had ad her spear at Ilus, Pallas Lo 
direxerat hastam, Virg.: he a.’d arrows 
at the outstretched hand of a boy, in 
pueri dispansam palmam sagittas direxit, 
Suet. 8, collineo, 1 (to take exact 
aim: Yare): to a. @ spear or arrow at 
some mark, c. hastam aliquo aut sagit- 
tam, Cic. I. Zo a. at with an arrow, 
etc.3 to try to hit: 1, péto, ivi, and 
li, itum, 3 (with acc.): toa. at anyone 
with a javelin, aliquem spiculo p., Liv. : 
to a. at anyone with ax apple, aliquem 
malo p., Virg.: to a. high, alta p., Virg. 
2. destino, 1: the slingers used to 
wound any part of the face at which 
they had ad, funditores vulnerabant 
quem locum destinassent oris, Liv. : 
Curt. lll. Fig.: Zo endeavour or 
purpose to attain: 1, affecto, 1: to 
a. at regal power, regnum af., Liv. : to 
a. at obtaining the favour of the sold- 
wery, studia militum af., Tac.: to a. at 
the mastery of Gaul, Gallias af., ‘lac. : 
to a. at splendour of diction, magnifi- 
centiam verborum af., Quint.: Vell. 
2. péto, 3: to a.at any one’s life 
by poison, aliquem veneficio p., Auct. 
Her.: to a. at heaven, coelum p., Hor.: 
to a. at the Joremost place in eloquence, 
eloquentiae principatum p., Cic.: v. TO 
SEEK, CANVASS FOR. 3. quaero, quae- 
Sivi, quaesitum, 3: to a. at jlight, 
fugam q., Cic.: which was what he 
ad at, id quod quaerebat, Cic.: v. TO 
SEEK. 4. séquor, sécitus, 3: toa. 
at expediency, utilitatem s., Cic.: fo 
a. at Caesar’s favour, gratiam Cae- 
saris s., Caes.: Hor.: v. TO PURSUE. 
5, specto, 1: to a. at the general 
good, commune bonum s., Lucr.: to a. 
at one’s own glory rather than at the 
public welfare, ad suam magis gloriam 
quam ad salutem reipublicae s., Cic.: v. 
VIEW, TO HAVE IN. 6, stiidéo, 2 
(i.e. to be bent on: with dat.): to a. at 
virtue, renown, dignity, virtuti, laudi, 
dignitati s., Cic.: also withacc. of neut. 
pron.: you a. at one thing, namely to 
avert the attempt of Antony from the 
republic, unum studetis, Antonii cona- 
tum avertere a republica, Cic.: Hor. 
7, tendo, tétendi, tentum and sum, ; 
(with prep.): to a. at higher and illegal 
objects, ad altiora et non concessa t., 
Liv.: Hor. 8, id ago, @gi, actum, 3 
(usu. foll. by ut and subj.) : they a. at 
seeming good men, id agunt, ut viri boni 
esse videantur, Cic.: also absol.: that is 
what they are a.g at and plotting, id et 
agunt et moliuntur, Cic. 9, in- 
cumbo, cibiti, cibitum, 3 (with dat. or 
prep.: to a. with all one's powers) : to a. 
earnestly at avenging the wrongs of the 
commonwealth, inc. ad ulciscendas reip. 
injurias, Cic.- to a. at praise, ad laudem 
inc., Cic.: v. TO DEVOTE ONESELF, PUR- 
POSE, PURSUE. 
aim (subs.): |. Lit.: the act of 
directing a missile or weapon: chiefly 
in certain phr.: as, to be able to take 
sure a., certo ictu destinata ferire, Curt. : 
who is there who if he throw the javelin 
a whole day, will not sometimes take a 
good a. ? quis est qui totum diem jacu- 
Jans non aliquando collineet? Cic.: he 
took a., pariterque oculos telumque te- 


tendit, Virg.: v. TO AIM. I. Zhe 
object aimed at: V.MARK. lil. Fig.: 
a@ purpose, object, intention: q. v. 


|. The fluid which 
1, aé@r, 4éris, acc. usu. 


air (subs.): 
we breathe: - 


aéra, m. (at and near the surface 
of the earth): pure and thin a., 
aer purus ac tenuis, Cic.: a. and 


Jive always tend to rise, aer et ignis 


supera semper petunt, Cic. : the a. which 
we breathe, aer quem spiritu ducimus, 
Cic.: very thick a., crassissimus aer, Cic. : 
the thickness of the a., aéris crassitudo, 
Cic.; the a. ts condensed into a cloud, 





AIRINESS 


in nubem cogittr aer, Virg.: the cha- 
mazleon Lives on v.. alone, a. 80.0 pascitur 
shamaeleon, Plin, 2, aether Gris, m. 
(the upper and pure air): he flies 
through the vast @., volat ille per mag- 
num a., Virg.: water is produced from 
earth, the lower a. from water, the upper 
a. from the lower, ex terra aqua critur, 
ex aqua aer, ex aere aether, Cic.: v. 
AETHER. 8. anima (rare): to be pro- 
duced from fire, earth, and a., ex igni, 
terra atyue a, procrescere, Lucr : Cic. 
4, aura (air in motion: Vv. BREFZE: 
usu. plu. and with a qualifying wor?): 
he breathes the vital a., vitaies suscipit 
a., Lucr.: you inhale the vital a, a. 
vitales carpis, Virg.: to sniff the a., 
captare naribus auras, Virg.: the winds 
will carry the clouds across through the 
a., nubila portabunt ventei transvorsa 
per auras, Lucr.. Hurydice was coming 
to the upper a. (from Oreus), Eurydice 
superas veniebat ad auras, Virg. Esp. 
the open a. (as opposed to concealment 
or confinement): the wooden horse being 
opened restores them to the open a., illos 
patefactus ad auras reddit equus, Virg. 
Fig.: to bring everything into the open 
a., i.e. to reveal, omnia terre sub auras, 
Virg. Phr.: in the open a., sub divo, 
Cic.: Hor.: Venus departs to Paphos 
through the upper a., Venus Paphum 
sublimis abit, Virg. : to take the a. (for 
health or recreation), gestor, 1 (in some 
conveyance) : Sen.: Mart.; ambulo, 1: or 
déambiilo, t (on foot): Ter.:; Cic.: v. 
ATMOSPHERE. Il. 4 gentle breeze: v. 
GALE, BREEZE. {l. Fig.: manner, 
mien, look: 1, ‘spécies, ci, f: a 
woman with a charming a., specie lepida 
mulier, Pl.: the a. of these men is most 
respectable, horum hominum s, est hones- 
tissima, Cic. 2, gestus, tis (bearing) ; 
a graceful a. and movement of the body, 
venustus g. et motus corporis, Cic.: 
must now assume a new a. and expres- 
sion of countenance, nunc g. mihi vul- 
tusque est capiendus novus, Ter.: to 
have an effeminate a., mollem in gestu 
esse, Cic. 8, habitus, us: add the 
look and the a. of the man, adde vul- 
tum h.que hominis, Hor.: a@ maidenly 
a. and dress, virginalis h. atque vesti- 
tus, Cic. Phr.: that was the more 
readily believed, because it had an a. of 
probability, id eo facilius credebatur 
quia simile vero videbatur, Cic.: he has 
the a. of a madman, furere videtur, 
Cic.: what as the creature gues herself ! 
quam putide sese miuliercula gerit! 
they give themselves too many as (Vv. 
AFFECTEDLY), intolerantius se jactant, 
Cic.: he had been accustomed to give 
himself very great a.s in that place, 
solitus erat jactare se magnificentissime 
illo in loco, Cic.: v. FEATURES, MIEN, 
MANNER, LOOK. |, Atwneor melody: 
modus: Vv. MEASURE, STRAIN 
9. numéri, orum: I remember the 
a., if I could recollect the words, nume- 
ros memini si verba tenerem, Virg.: v. 
TUNE, MELODY, MUSIC. 
air (v.): |. Zo admit the fresh 
air: Phr.: the hall is well ald by 
means of open windows : cryptoporticus 
patentibus fenestris auras admittit 
transmittitque, cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17: the 
hall has a. enough of its own, and wants 
no d.ing, eryptoporticus contenta aére 
suo nec desiderat auras nec admittit, 
Plin. Ep.: to be badly a.d (of a room), 
aere pigro et manente ingravescere, Plin. 
Ep. ||. Zo render dry: v. TO DRY. 
air-balloon: v- BALLOON. 
air-bladder: vesiciila. Lucr.: of 
Jishes, *vésica natatoria. 
air-built: Vv. UNSUBSTANTIAL. 
air-drawn: Vv. IMAGINARY. 
air-gun;: *bombarda ventosa, Kr., 
*tormentum pneumaticum. 








air-hole: 1. spiraciilum: Virg. : 
Plin. 2, spiramentum: Virg. : Ov.: 
Just. 

airiness: |. Free exposure to the 


air: Phr.. a. of a locality, *loci situs 
ventosus: (windiness), ioci situs auris 
objectus: on account of the a. of the 


| house, *propter auras aedibus admissas 


OE fe ee 





eee 


eee Te 


— 


< 


—— 


” ee wv ee 


aks 


ee ee 


AIRING 


ALCOHOL 


ALIENATED 





transmissasque (v. TO Ark): want of a., 
aer piger et mauens, Plin. ED, ll. 
Fig. : gatety, sprightliness; q. 

alring (subs.): (for health, etc.) ; 

1, gestatio (in a conveyance) : Cels.: 

Sen. 2. ambilatio or déambilatio 
(on foot): Cic.: Ter. Phr.: to take 
an 4., gestor, ambiilo, déambilo: v. 
AIR (I. fin.). 

airless; aére carens; aéris expers: 
v. VOID OF. 

air-p *antlia pneumatica : 
Rubnie ap. Pe 

air-shaft: (in mines) : 1, aestii- 
adrium: Plin. Q, limen, inis,7.: Plin. 

air-vessel: (in plants): *vesicila, 
follicilus; v. FOLLICLE. 

H |. Consisting of or per- 
taining to air: Vv. AERIAL. . Upen 
to the air: 1, perfiabilis, e: the 
threshing-floor should be on a high, a. 
spot, sit area loco sublimi, et undecun- 
que perflabili, Pall.— (Cic. calls the filmy 
gods of Epicurus, perflabiles). 2, auris 
pervius; qui auras admittit transmit- 
titque: v. TO AIR. 8, ventosus: 
stronger than the English word: v. 
WINDY. 4, apertus, patens: v. OPEN. 

Ul. Light as air: vy. LIGHT, FINE. 
IV. Gay, sprightly: q.v. 
aisle : ala (the general term for a side- 
structure: V. WING): v. Du Cange, s. v. 
akin (adj.): |. Related by blood: 
consanguinéus: V.RELATED. |], Closely 
connected or resembling: 1, cognatus: 
nothing is soa. to our minds as rhythm 
and words, nihil est tam c. mentibus 
nostris quam numeri atque voces, Cic. : 
words a. to things, vocabula rebus c., 
Hor. 9, finYtimus: boldness ts a. to 
confidence, audacia fidentiae f. est, Cic. 
“his word is sometimes joined with 
peep iugane and vicinus ; the two words 
ing perhaps equivalent to our phrase 
“near akin:” emotions near a. to these 
mental disturbances, motus finitimi et 
propingui his animi perturbationibus, 
Cic.: knowledge of logic is near a. to 
uence, dialecticorum scientia vicina 
et finitima est eloquentiae, Cic.: v. 
RELATED, CONNECTED. 
alabaster: Alibastrites, ae, m.: 
Plin. : an al. box, alabaster, tri, m. : Cic. 
alack: hem!: Ter.: Cic.: v. ALAS. 
alacri alacritas: a. and eager- 
ness for Pikcna a. studiumque pug- 
nandi, Caes.: a. in defending the re- 
public, a, reipublicae defendendae, Cie. : 
the a. of dogs in hunting, a. canum in 
venando, Cic.: to display a., a. uti, Caes. 
alarm (subs.) : |. Loud notice of 
imminent danger: clamor: an a. is 
Taised by the watchmen and guards of 
the temple, c. a vigilibus fanique custodi- 
bus tollitur, Cic. Phr.: ana. to arms 
was sounded, conclamatum (est) ad 
arma, Liv.: ¢o sound an a. (military), 
bellicum canere, Liv.: Cic.. there is an 
a. of fire in the neighbourhood, concla- 
matur in vicinio incendium, Sen. Il. 
The panic and disturbance caused by the 
approach of danger : 1, trépidatio: 
the wnexpected occurrence caused the 
more a, nec opinata res plus trepidatio- 
nis fecit, Liv.. thea. and flight of the 
enemy, tr. fugaque hostium, Liv. : what 
was the a. of the senate, the confusion 
of the people, the fear of the city, quae 
senatus tr., quae populi confusio, quis 
urbis metus, Vell. 9, tiimultus, is: 
they brought a. rather than certain in- 
telligence to the camp, t. magis quam 
certum nuntium castris intulerunt, Liv. : 
he wrote to the senate in what a. the 
province was, senatui scripsit quo in t. 
provincia esset, Liv. Phr.: J perceive 
that there is a., trepidari sentio, ‘Ter.: 
to be in a state of a., trepidare: v. 
ALARMED, TO BE. V. CONSTERNATION, 
CONFUSION. — [|], Terror, fright: pa- 
vor: fright and a. took possession of 
all, terror pavorque omnes occupavit, 
Liv.: nocturnal a.s, nocturni p., Tac. : 
Vv DREAD, TERROR. 
alarm: (v.): 1, perturbo, 1: to 
be a.’d by shouts, clamore perturbari, 
Cie.: tone ala for me's own safety, de 
sua salute perturbari, Cic. 2. terreo, 





perterreo (intens.): v. TO FRIGHTEN, 
TERRIFY. 8, exanimo, tf (a strong 
expression; well-nigh to kill with fear | 
or anxiety): the illness of my Tullia | 
a.s me greatly, Tulliae meae morbus 
me ex., Cic. 

alarmed (adj.) : 1, pavidus: a 
mothers, p. matres, Virg.: the woman a. | 
out of sleep, p.ex somno mulier, Liv. : 
Hor. 3° trépidus; v. AGITATED, 
ANXIOUS. 





—, to be: 1, trépido, 1 
(denoting agitation and panic): chil- 
dren are a. and fear everything in the 
blinding darleness, pueri tr. atque om- 
nia caecis in tenebris metuunt, Lucr. : 
Virg. 2. extimesco, timili, 3 (to be 
greatly in fear) : even the horses of the 
gladiators were greatly a. by the sudden 
hisses, equi ipsi gladiatorum repentinis 
sibilis extimescebant, Cic.: Ter. : 
pavéo, pavi, 2 (of strong panic-fear): I 
am greatly a. when in-doors, and ter- 
rified when out of doors, et intus paveo 
et foris formido, Pl.: v.10 BE AFRAID, 
DREAD. 





—, to become: pavesco, 3: 
V. FRIGHT, TO TAKE. 

alarm-bell; *campana qua pericu- 
lum, incendium, repentinus hostium ag- 
gressus, nuntiatur. 

alarming: quod terret, timorem af- 
fert, Incutit, etc.: v. TO ALARM. Some- 
times to be expressed by such a word 
as magnus, ingens, etc.: as, so a. and 
so unexpected a danger, tantum tamque 
inopinatum periculum: vy. GRIEVOUS, 
SEVERE. 

alarmingly: Phr.: the disease 
was al. severe, *morbus tam gravis erat 
ut metu omnes exanimarentur: the fire 
was al. close to our house, tam pro- 
pinquum nostris aedibus fuit incen- 
dium ut magnopere commoveremur: v. 
TO ALARM. 





alarum: *tintinnabtilum ad excit- 
andum aliquem e somno. 

alas: 1, heu (€ither absol., or 
with acc.): alas! by how different a 
master art thou governed, heu! quam 
dispari domino dominaris, poet. ap. Cic. ; 
alas, the naoiy of man, heu vanitas 
humana, Plin.: alas for ‘unhapp y me | 
heu me infelicem, Ter. 2. éheu 
(Gheu, Ov.: constr. same as heu): alas, 
the fleet years glide on, eheu, fugaces 
labuntur anni, Hor.: Virg.: Ter. 3 
vae (either absol. or with dat.): alas 
Jor my back ! vae tergo meo, Pl.: Man- 
tua, too near, alas, to unhappy Cre- 
mona, M. vae miserae nimium vicina 
Cremonae, Virg.: v. WOE TO. 4, hei 
(constr. same as vae): alas, T am un- 
done, hei, perii miser! Pl.: alas for me, 
heimihi! Pl. §. ah,vah: v aH! 6, 
0, pro: Vv. OH, AH! 

alb (a surplice): 
vestis. 

albatross: *diomedea exiilans, Linn. 

albeit: Vv. ALTHOUGH. 

albino; leucaethiops, opis: Plin. 

albu fy) ‘@ disease of the eye): albigo, 
inis, / a lin. 

album (a book): perh. *nugarum 
album s. liber: the term albu was 
applied to various register-books: v. 
Dict. Ant. s. », 

albumen: albimen, inis, 7.: strictly 
the white of egg: but also used by mo- 
dern writers in the scientific sense of the 
English word (Palmer). 

albuminous; albuminosus, M. L. 
(Palmer). 

alburnum: 1. Adeps, ipis, c.: 
Plin. 9. alburnum: Plin. 

alcahest (a pretended universal sol- 
vent): menstruum universum: M. L. 

alcaic: alciicus: alcaics or alcaic 
verses, Versus alcaici, Diom. 

alchemist: *alchémista or alcu- 
mista, ae, m.: Erasm.: Bacon. 

alchemy : *alchémisticé or -a (se. 
ars): Erasm. (also perh., alchimia or 
alchémea: Firmic., but the reading is 
doubtful). 


*alba_ sacerdotis 





alcmanian metre: alcmanium me- 
trum, Serv. 
alcokol: spiritus vini: M. L. (Pal- 


mer); oras scient. t., alcohol or alkohoL 
is, n. (Freund). 

alcoholic: alcodlicus, M. L. (Pal- 
mer); or perbaps better by circuml.; 
Be an al. fluid, liquor cui inest spiritus 
vini. 

alcoran: ¥- KORAN. 

alcove ;: zothéca: Plin. Ep. 2 17,21: 
dim., zothéciila, a small a.: id. 5, 6, 38. 
Vv. alsO RECESS. 

aleyon : V. KING-FISHER. 

alder: alnus, i, f.: V’lin.: hollowed 
a.8, i. &., canoes, a. cavatae, Virg. 

alderman: perh. déciiiv- Cie. 

aldern: (i.e., of alder): alnéus; am 
a. stake, palus a., Vitr. 

ale; cerevisia: v. BEER. 

ale-brewer: V- BREWER. 

ale-house : pean (prop. a shop 
or inn): Cic.: Hor.: vy. INN. 

ale- -house-keeper : caupo: Vv. INN- 
KEEPER. 

a-lee: (naut. t. t.): *ad latus navis 
a vento aversum: Phr.: helm a-lee! 
*gubernaculum a vento averte ! 

alembic; alembicus, i, m.: M. L. 

alert: ilicer, promptus: v. watcu- 
FUL, VIGILANT. Phr.: the senate was 
by no means on the a., senatus nihil 
sane intentus, Sall. 

alertness ; ilacritas, atis: v. prisx- 
NESS, WATCHFULNESS, SPRIGHTLINESS. 

alexanders (a plant): dlus atrum: 

lin.: Col. 

alexandrian (adj.) : Alexandrinus : 

‘aes. 

alexandrine (subs., a verse) : *ilex- 
andrinus versus. 

alexipharmic (subs.) : 
macon, i, .: Plin. 

algebra: , algébra: M. L. 

algebraic: : } alg&briticus : M. L, 

algebraist : algebrae péritus: M. L. 

alias: Phr.: Turner alias Powell, 
*Turner aliter nominatus Powell. 

alibi: Phr.: the prisoner pleaded 
an a., reus dixit se non interfuisse, Liv. 

alien (adj.): §, Not native: pér- 
egrinus: ad. troops, i.e. foreign soldiers 
in Roman armies, p. milites, Inser. : 
also of that which belongs to aliens; as, 
a. land, ager p., Varr.. he forbade men 
of a. condition to assume Roman names, 
p. conditionis homines vetuit usurpare 
Romana nomina, Suet. |], Uncon- 
nected : AversuS: V. FOREIGN. 

alien (subs.): péregrinus (in the 
strict legal sense): they forbid as to 
dwell in cities, peregrinos urbibus uti 
prohibent, Cic.: by that law a.s are ex- 
pelled from Rome, illa lege p. Roma ejic- 
iuntur, Cic.: there is a very wide dif- 


alexiphar- 


Jerence whether (a man» is a citizen or 


an a., civis an p. sit, plurimum distat, 
Quint. Phr. (fig.): pi. ‘osophy seemed 
to be an a. at Rome, pb. °sophia pere 
grinari Romae videbatur, Cic. (For the 
looser sense of “alien,’’ v. FOREIGNER.) 
alienable: quod abalienari potest: 
V. TO ALIENATE. 
alienate : |, 70 transfer the 
ownership of anything to another : 
1, aliéno, 1: to al. the public reve- 
nues, vectigalia al., Cic. Join: ven- 
dere et al. 9. abaliéno, 1: to a. the 
lands of the Roman people, agros popull 
R. abal., Cic. — ||, 70 render averse, 
to estrange: 1, aliéno, 1: they en- 
deavoured to a. my good will from 
you, conabantur al. a te voluntatem 
meam, Cic.: un a.d province, alienata 
provincia, Liv. 2, abalitno, 1: my 
speech a.d Pompey’s good will from 
me, Pompeii voluntatem a me abalien- 
abat oratio mea, Cic.: Liv. 3, ab- 
diico, duxi, ductum, 3: v. TO DRAW 
AWAY, DIVERT. 4, abstraho, traxi, 
tractum, 3 (rare): he had a.d the sol- 
diers from Lepidus, milites a Lepido 
abstraxerat, Cic. 5, averto, ti, sum, 
3: to a. states from our friendship, 
civitates ab amicitia nostra a. Caes.: 
Cat. 6. avodco, 1: to a. any one 


Jrom intimacy with another, aliquem ab 


alicujus conjunctione a, Cic.: v. Te 

CALL AWAY, DIVERT. 
alienated (adj.) : 1, aversus: 
25 


ALIENATION 


ALL 





accustomed to reconcile al. friends, a. 
solitus componere amicos, Hor. 
inimicus ex amico factus : 
FRIENDLY. 

alienation : |. A transfer of 
ownership : 1, Abaiienatio, Cic. 2, 
aliénatio: Pomp. Dig. I. Estrange- 
ment : Aliénatio: the sudden desertion 
of Pompey, the a. of the consuls, subita 
defectio Pompeii, a. consulum, Cic.. the 
a. and brealeing off of friendship, a. dis- 
junctioque amicitiae, Cic. I]. Jusa- 
nity: alienatio: a. of mind, a. mentis, 
Cels. : a. (alone), Sen. 


Vv. UN- 


alienator: qui abalienat: v. TO 
ALIENATE. 
alight : |. To get down: 1 


descendo, di, sum, 3: to a. from a horse, | 


ex equo d (or eywis, 01 more than one), 
Cic.: to a. froma chariot, a curru d., 
Suet.: and in gen., to a., whether from 
a horse or a vehicle, ad pedes d., Liv. 
9. désilio, lui, 4 (lit. to leap down. 

hence it implies rapidity or haste): to 
a. from a travelling carriage, de rheda 
d., Cic.: toa. from horseback, ex equis 
d., Caes.: in gen, (cf. supr.1), toa., ad 
pedes d., Caes.: Hor. |, 70 settle on 
(of winged animals): insido, s@di, ses- 
sum, 3: the bees a. upon the flowers, apes 
floribus ins., Virg.: birds of ill omen 
had a.’d on the Capitoi, insessum diris 
avibus Capitolium, Tac. 

alike (adj.): par, similis: v. LIKE, 
stmILar. Phr.: these things are all a., 
haec omnia sunt inter se similia, Cic. 

alike (adv.): pariter, similiter: v. 
EQU ALLY, SIMILARLY. 

aliment; Alimentum: Cic.: Cels. : 
Ov. v. FOOD, NOURISHMENT. 

alimental: Phr.: chyle is a., *alit 


corpora chylus: a. substances, *eae res | 


quae corpora alunt: v. TO NOURISH. 

alimentary: dlimentarius: a. sub- 
stances, res a; Amm.: an a. law, (i.e. 
relating to the distribution of food to 
the poor), lex a., Coel. ap. Cic.: the al. 
canal, canalis a., 07 canalis intestinorum, 
M. L. (Palmer). 

alimony (allowance for the support 
of a wife separated from her husband) : 

1. Alimonium: Suet.: Juv. 

alimentum: Dig. N.B. ‘There was 
nothing in Roman law corresponding to 
the tech. sig. of alimony, but the above 
words are used by modern writers in the 
modern sense. 

alive: |. Having life: vivus: the 
laws forbade two of one family, Loth 
being a., to be made magistrates, leges 
duo ex una familia, vivo utroque, ma- 
gistratus creari vetabant, Caes.: Cala- 
nus was burnt a., Calanus vivus com- 
bustus est, Cic.: the consulship of Milo 
could not be endangered even were 
Clodius a., Milonis consulatus, v. Clo- 
dio, labefactari non poterat, Cle Join: 
vivus et videns, vivus et spirans, Cic. : 
vivus vigensque, Plin. Phr.: he is the 
wisest man a., *omnium mortalium qui 
nunc sunt sapientissimus est: Vv. LIVING 5 
ALIVE, TO BE. I]. Active, in force : 
Pur.: to keep love a., amorem fovere, 
Cic.: honour keeps the arts a., honos alit 
artes, Cic. I). Lively, alert : alacer . 
v. LIVELY. IV. Taking a warm in- 
terestin: Phr.: he isa. to that subject, 
illi rei studet, Pl.: to be a. to renown, 
laudi studere, Cic.: Vv. INTERESTED. 
, to be: 1. vivo, vixi, vic- 
tum, 3: my wife is a., and is likely to 
live, uxor mea v., victuraque est, Pl. 

Q, sitpersum: provided I am a., 

modo vita supersit, Virg.: v. TO SUR- 
vive: Phr.: to be alive, inter homi- 
nes esse, Cic.: inter homines agere, Tac. : 
y. TO LIVE. 





alkali: 1, alcali, mn. indecl. : 
M. L. (Palmer). Q, alcalina, ae, f.: 
M. L. (Freund). 


alkaline; alcalinus: M.L. (Palmer). 

alkaloid: alcaldides, ae, m.: M. L. 
ee 

kanet: Vv. BUGLOsS. 

all (adj.): |. Avery individual: 1, 

omnis, e: all men vf all ranks, omnes 

omnium ordinum homines, Cic : they 

are al without exception, of the same 
26 





opinion, omnes ad unum idem sentiunt, 
Cic.: the ships were all without excep- 
ticn wreched, naves ad nam omnes elisae 
sunt, Caes. It is very freq. used with- 
out a subs.: all men in all places who 
know Latin, omnes qui ubique sunt qui 
Latine sciunt, Cic.: J agree with him on 
all subjects, cum eo omnia mihi sunt, 
Cic.: before all things, ante omnia, 
Liv.; omnium primum, Cic.: Liv. 9. 
iniversus (denoting a union of the in- 
dividuals included: hence it is often 
equivalent to “all together’): the ad- 
vantage of each separate person and of 
all together, utilitas uniuscujusque et 
universorum, Cic.: all had been op- 
pressed by the cruelty of one, crudei- 
itate unius oppressi erant universi, Cic. : 
Caes. 8. cunctus (contr. from con- 
junctus, and so denoting a connection 
between the individuals, though a less 
close one than universus: never used in 
sing. in sense of every: v. inf. Il. 2): 
the Roman people excelled all nations in 
valour, P. RK. antecedebat fortitudine c. 
nationes, Nep.: having abandoned all 
their towns and jorts, c. oppidis castel- 
lisque desertis, Caes.: poet. with gen. : 
all the world, cuncta terrarum, Hor. : 
all the plains, cuncta camporum, ‘Tac. 
4, quisqué, quaequé, etc. : esp. wilh 
superlatives: all the best things are 
rarest, optimum quidque rarissimum 
est, Cic.: all the most learned persons, 
doctissimus q., Cic.: V. EACH, EVERY. 
|. Whole, entire : 1, 16tus: the 
Peloponnesus itself is almost all in the 
sea, ipsa Peloponnesus fere tota in mari 
est, Cic.: the fellow was all deceit 
and falsehood, homo erat totus ex 
fraude et mendacio factus, Cic.: v. 
WHOLE. 2. cunctus (v. supr. I. 3): 
all the senate, c. senatus, Cic.: all the 
world, cunctus orbis terrarum, Virg. : 
all the people, state, c. populus, civitas, 
Cic. 3, omnis, e (simply of quantity 
or extent): they burn up all the corn, 
frumentum o. comburunt, Caes.: all 
Gaul is divided into three parts, Gallia 
est o. divisa in partes tres, Caes. 4. 
iniversus (denoting the unity of parts 
in a body): the agreement of all Gaul, 
u. Galliae conseusio, Caes.: the fellow- 
ship of all mankind, u. generis humani 
societas, Cic. Phr.: he ts all for him- 
sel/, * sibi soli cavet : all the ships of war 
he had, he assigned to the legates, quid- 
quid navium longarum habebat, legatis 
distribuit, Caes.: 0 all ye gods that rule 
theearth, O quicquid deorum regit terras, 
Hor. : the soldiers were all but the head 
under water, milites capite solo ex aqua 
exstabant, Caes.: the soldiers made all 
the haste they could, milites nihil ad 
celeritatem sibi reliqui fecerunt, Caes. : 
all the more, all the better, etc., eo, tanto, 
with plus, melius, etc. : v.SO MUCH: tt ts 
all over with me, actum est de me, Pl. : 
Cic.: above all things, maximé: as, 
write me some news, and above all 
things tf Pompey, etc., scribe aliquid, et 
m. si Pompeius, etc. Cic.: that was 
above all things agreeable to the senate, 
grata ea res ut quae maxime senatui un- 
quam fuit, Liv. (v. ESPECIALLY): after 
personal prons. above all may sometimes 
be expr. by adeo: as, thou, above all! 
tuque adeo! Virg. (but the particle is 
le-s forcible than the Eng. phr.). All 
(men) may sometimes be expressed by 
a double negative, nemo non: V. EVERY- 
BODY. V. EVERY, WHOLE, WHOEVER, 
ANY. 
all (subs.): may usu, be rendered by 
the neut. forms of the Latin adj. : v. supr. 
Phr.: write all you can, scribe quan- 
tum potes, Cic.: for all that you nave 
proved, I do not perceive that there are 
gods, quantum quidem in te est, non 
intelligo deos esse, Cic.: so Ido all I 
can to maintain harmony, sic tueor, ut 
possum, concordiam, Cic.: it is all one 
to you whether they have done it (or 
not), tua refert nihil utrum illae fece- 
rint, Ter.: it is all one to the republic 
whether the colony is established or not, 
nihil interest reipublicae colonia deduc- 
atur necne, Cic.: all Jam afraid of is 





ALLEGIANCE 





lest you should disapprove, wnam tem 
vereor, ne non probes, Cic.: all J say is 
this, yf Alphenus was powerful, Naevius 
was very powerful, uum illud dico, si 
potens erat Alphenus, potentissimus 
Naevius, Cic.: Demetrius ts all in all to 
them, Demetrius iis unus omnia est, 
Liv. : ke was all inall to us, nobis omuia 
solus erat, Ov.: Vv. also AT ALL, IN ALL. 
all, at: 1, omnino (usu. with ne- 
gatives): they do nothing at all against 
their will, nihil o. coutra voluntatem 
faciunt, Caes.: the law could ha~uly. if 
at all, be repealed, lex vix aut wv. non 
poterat infirmari, Cic.: Theopompus and 
Ephorus were never concerned im causes 
at all, 1. et E. causas 0. nunquam attig- 
erunt, Cic. 9, adniddum (not very 
freq.: used with some negative word, 
as nihil, nullys): the other left nothing 
at all in writing, alier nihil a, seripti 
reliquit, Cic.: no money at all, nulla a. 
pecunia, Liv.: there was no cavalry 
battle at all, equestris pugna nulla a. 
fuit, Liv. For “ not at all,” v. Nov. 
all, in (with numerals) : 1, om- 
nino: there were sive in all, quinque 
o. fuerunt, Cic.: eighteen days in all, 
dies 0. decem et octo, Caes. Det 
summa : jour votes in all, in Ss. quatuor 
sententiae, Cic. 
all-bearing : omnifer, ra, érum, 
= 


all-devouring: omnivoérus: Plin. 

all-hail ! salve, salvé.é! v. HAIL! 

all-happy : perfecte béatus: Cic. 

all-knowing: qui omnia scit: om- 
vipéritus : Albinov. (not however to he 
used in prose, at ally rate): V. OMNIS: 
CIENT. 

all-vowerful ; omnipdtens, 
Cat.: Virg.: Vv. ALMIGHTY. 

all-producing: onimiparens, entis : 
the ull-p. eai th, terra om., Lucr.: Virg. 

all-ruling: qui omnem mundum 
regit: Cic. (cf. too Hor. Od. 1, 12, 14.) 

All-Saints’ day: festum omnium 
sanciorum, Alcuin. 

all-seeing; omnitiiens, entis : Lucr. 

all-wise: periecté or pléné sapiens, 
entis : Cic. 

allay: |. To quiet, appease: 1, 
sédo, 1: to a. a tumuli, tumultum s., 
Caes.: to a, discords, discordias 5., Cic. 

2. compono, pdsii, positum, 3: 

to a. disputes, c. lites, Virg.: Liv. : to a. 
discords, discordias c., Tac.: Vv. TO AP- 


enlis, 


PEASE. II. To abate, to mitigate: 
], sédo, 1: to a. thirst, sitim s., 


Lucr.: to a. hunger and thirst, famem 
ac sitim s., Plin. 2. mulceo, si, sum, 
2: toa. pains of the nerves, dolores ner- 
vorum m., Plin.: v. TO ASSUAGE. 
allegation: Vv. ASSERTION, PLEA. 
allege: |. Toassert: 1, argio, 
tii, itum, 3 (against anyone): that they 
ad was done by the malive of the pa- 
tricians, id fraude patriciorum facitum 
arguere, Liv. 2, réfero, tali, latum, 
3: Ajax has ad that he is tie great 
grandson of Jove, rettulit Ajax esse 
Jovis pronepos, Ov.: Vv. 1 ASSERT. 
||. Zo cite or quote (as an argum: nit 
or excuse) : 1. afféro, 3: what reason 
shall Ia.” quam causam afferam? Ter. : 
what will he be able to say? will he a. 
his age ? quid poterit dicere ? an aetatm 
afferet? Cic. Q, réléro, 3: if any one 
a. this example, si quis hoc reterat ex- 
emplum, Quine. 3. oppono, posti, 
positum, 3: you a.d as a reason the ill- 
health of our Cicero, opposuisti causam, 
Ciceronis nostri valetudinem, Cic. : 
praetendo, di, tum, 3 (to put forward 
by way of de/ence): you are wont to a. 
the name of a very learned man m ex- 
cuse for your own barbarous manners, 
hominis doctissimi nomen tuis barbaris 
moribus p. soles, Cic.: Ov. 5, obten- 
do, 3 (= praetendo): alleging the en- 
treaties of his muther, matris preces ob- 
tendens, Tac. 6, allégo, 1. toa. an 
example, exemplum a., Plin.: Fac. 
allegiance: 1, fides, Gi, f.: he 
exhorts them to embrace the a. of the 
R. people, hortaiur ut populi R. f. sequ- 
antur, Caes.: they had received nations 
conquered in war into a., nationes de 


f 
} 
j 
B 
5 





ALLEGORICAL 








victas bello in fidem acceperant, Cic. : 
to retain wavering states in their a., 
nutantes ac dubias civitates in f. re- 
tinere, Suet.: to remain in the a. and 
Friendship of any state, in f. atque ami- 
citia alicujus civiiatis esse, Caes. 2: 
officium: he directs Labienus to keep 
the Belgae in their a., Labieno mandat 
ut Belgas in officio contineat, Caes, : not 
to be faithful to a., in o. non manere, 
Nep. Phr.: they took an oath of a. tu 
Galba, in verba Galbae jurarunt, Suet. : 
Claudius allowed the armed men to talce 
an oath of a. to himself, Claudius armatos 
jurare in nomen suum passus est. Suet. : 
Tiberius forbade the talcing of an oath 
of a. to himself, Tiberius intercessit 
Quominus in acta sua juraretur, Suet. : 
swear a. to his guardians, in tu- 

torum obsequia jurant, Justin. 

allegurical: allégdricus: Arnob.: 
V. also FIGURATIVE, 

allegorically: allégoricé, allegorico 
more: Arnob.: August. Phr.: to de- 
sertbe anuthing a., *aliquid per contin- 
uas translationes (or, continuis trans- 
lationibus) describere: v. FIGURE (111). 

allegorization: i.e. allegorical ex- 
planation : allegorica explanatio, Arnob. 

allegorize : |. To represent alle- 
gorically : 1, allégoricé s. ambagibus 
allegoricis scribere: Arnob. (Cic. uses 
the Gk. form adAnyoptkas). 2. allé- 
gorizo, 1: Tert.: Hier. 3. *perpetua 
translatione scribere, describere: vy. 
FIGURE, METAPHOR. Il. To interpret 
aliegorically : *allegoric:- explicare, ex- 
planare; quasi per allegorias scriptum 
explanare. Or in more classical phr. : 
*qriasi per translationes scriptum ex- 
planare: v. ALLEGorY. 

allegory: 1, allégoria: the con- 
tinued use of metaphor vesults in a and 
riddles, continuus translationis usus in 
allegoriam et aenigmata exit, Quint. 8, 
6, 14: a. which they translate inversion, 
a\Anyopta quam inversionem interpre- 
lantur, Quint.: when several metaphors 
succeed without interruption, the lan- 
guage becomes quite difierent ; and there- 
fore the Greeles call this Style a., quum 
fluxerunt plures continuae translationes 
alia plane fit oratio; itaque genus hoc 
Graeci appellant adAnyoptar, Cic. Or. 27, | 
92: the explanation of a.s, allegoriarum 
explanatio, Arnob 2. translationés: 
Cicero (J. ¢.) prefers in such cases this 
plural to the Greek word. 3, inver- 
sio: Quint. (But in strictly technical | 
sense allegoria must be used: cf. Ar- 
nob. 5, 42, seq.) 

alleviate: 1. lévo, 1: toa.adis- 
ease, morbum 1., Pl.: to a. suspicion, 
Suspicionem I., Cic. 2. allévo, 1: to 
a. anxieties, sollicitudines a., Cic. Ry 
elévo, 1: to a. grief, aegritudinem e., 
Cic. 4. sublévo, 1: adversity is a.d, 
Tes adversae sublevantur. Cic.. to a. the 
labour of the soldiers, militum laborem 


8., Caes. V TO ASSUAGE, MITIGATE, 
LESSEN, 

alleviation: |. The act of alle- 

ing: lévatio: an a. of sor- 


rows, |. aegritudinum, Cic. 2. alle- 
vatio: we ought to hope Jor no a., nullam 
a. sperare dcbemus, Cic. 8. Or expr. 
by part. of verb: he devoted himself 
to the a. of human sorrow, *ad levandos 
hominum dolores incubuit: v. To ALLE- 
VIATE. Il. That which alleviates : 

1, lévamen - if there were any a., 
it would be in you alone, si esset ali- 
quod 1., id exset in te uno, Cie. 2 


ALLOW 


ALLOY 





made with Ptolemy, cum Ptolemaeo s. 
erat facta, Caes.: the Treviri unite Am- 
bioriz to themselves by an a. and a 
treaty, Vreviri Ambiorigem sibi s. et 
fuedere adjungunt, Caes.- to form ana. 
with any state, s. conjungere cum aliqua 
Civitate, Sall.: to be faithful to an a., in 
Ss. manere, Nep.: (o induce (a people) to 
breale off a. with another people, a s. ali- 
cujus gentisavertere, Nep.: un offensive 
and defensive a, *s. ad bellum et de- 


initum, Kr. and Georg.). 2. fvedus, 
éris, n.: to conclude a treaty of peace 
and a, with any one, cum aliquo pacem 
et f. fucere, Cic.: v. TREATY, LEAGUE. 
I]. A treaty establishing such union: 
V. TREATY. 
bodies of men or individuals : - 
sdciétas: lo enter intoa defensive a. with 
any one, s. salutis cum aliquo coire, Cic.: 
| to form a general a. with any one, s. 
omnium rerum cum aliquo facere or 
inire, Cic. : robbers united bya nefarious 
a., latrones inter se nefaria s. conjuncti, 
Cie. : to break off an a., s. dirimere, Cic. 
2, conjunctio: our a. and affection, 
Dostra c. amorque, Cic.: the bands of the 
closest a. with you, vineula tecum sum- 
mae c., Cic.: Vv. CONNECTION, UNION. 
IV. Union arising from marriage : 
conjunctio: J hope that this a. (of his 
daughter with Crassipes) will be a 
source of pleasure to us, spero nobis 
hance c, voluptati fore, Cic.: v. RELATION- 
SHIP, AFFINITY, MARRIAGE. 
allied (of states): 1, foedératus: 
an a. people, f. populus, Cic. 2. 
socius: an a. city, s. urbs, Liv.: a state 
a. with us, civitas s. nobis, Tac.: a. 
bands, s. agmina, Virg. 3. sdcialis, e: 
an a. army, s. exercitus, Liv.: Tac. 
(For the fig. applications of the word, 
V. CONNECTED, RELATED.) 
alligator : crécodilus 
Cuv. 
alliteration: in tech. sense, *rapy)- 
xnovs Vel quae hodie alliteratio dicitur : 
or by phr., as to be fond of a., verbis ab 
eadem litera incipientibus saepius fierat- 
is s. repetitis gaudere : the early English 
poetry has rhythm and a., *vetus poésis 
Anglica rhythmo consistit et verbis quae 
ab eadem litera incipiunt geminatis vel 
etiam saepius iteratis. 
alliterative ; *zapyxyrtiKds, vel, ut 
hodie dicunt, ailiterans. 
allocution: alldcitio: Suet.: Plin.: 


Lucius, 


V. ADDRESS. 
allodial: *allodialis (alod.), e: 
M.L.  Phr.: a. lands, may be de- 


scribed as agri immunes liberique, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 69. 
allodium: *allodium (alod.): a. 
dicitur hereditas quam vendere et do- 
nare possum, Brito, Voc., ap. Du Cange : 
S. Vv. See also preceding art., and FREE- 
HOLD. 
allot: 1, distribuo, ai, itum, 3 - 
Caesar a.’d ships to the different com- 
manding officers, Caesar naves praefectis 
distribuit, Caes.: v. To pistri BUTE, 
QUARTER. 2. describo, scripsi, scrip- 
tum, 3: to a. sums of money to the 
states, civitatibus pecuniarum summas 
d., Cic. Fig.: toa. his proper duty to 
each man, suum cuique munus d., Cic. : 
Hor. 8, assigno, 1: land was a.’d to 
the soldiers, militilus ager assignatus est, 
Caes. Fig.: aduty a’d by God, munus 
assignatum a Deo, Cic.: v. TO ASSIGN. 
4. do, dédi, datum, dire: esp. in 





Fevamentum: ana. of misfortunes, mise- 
riarum L., Cic. 8, allévamentum: to 
remain without any a., sine ullo a. per- 
manere, Cic. 4, fomentum : these are 
the solaces, these the a.s of the greatest 
misfortunes, haec sunt solatia, haec f. 
summorum malorum, Cic.: v. miTIGA- 
TION. 

alley: J. A walk in a garden, 
&c.* xystns, i, m.: Cic.: Plin. ep.: v. 
WALK. Il. A narrow vay in a town: 
angiportus, us, and angiportum: Ter. : 
Cic.: Hor 

alliance: |. A union between 
states: 1, séciétas: an a. had been | 


phr., triumvirs for allotting land, trium- 
Viri agro dando, Liv.: v. To BESTOW. 

allotment: |. The act of al- 
lotting: |, assignatio: this a. of lands, 
haec agrorum a., Cic. 2. Or expr. 
by part. of verb: as, to have the direc- 
tion of the a. of lands, *ayris assignandis 
Ss. dandis pracesse: v. To ALLOT. Il. 
That uhich is allotted : quod assignatum 
est (V TO ALLOT): as, an a. of land, 
ager assignatus, Cic. (or ager alone may 
be used: as, to receive under the name of 
da. s, per nomen agrorum accipere, I’ac.) 

allotter: assignatur- Ulp. 

allow: |. 7 grant, bestow: Guives 


Il. Connection between | 


fendendum et inferendum facta s. cou- 
juncta (*foedus ad bellum et def. et inf. | 
| hun sinimus, Cic.: Ov.: v. 


| 





| ad diripiendum, Caes. 4. 


attriblio, praebéo. Il. 70 acknow- 
ledge, grant, agree with, admit, q. Ve: 
prébo, comprobo. Ill. 70 concede, 
permit, suffer: 1, pativr. passus, 3: 
he a.'d no day to pass « ithivut spealcing 
in the forum, nullumn patiebatur esse 
diem quin in toro diceret, Cic. 5) 
sino, sivi, situm, 3 (constr. usu. witb 
ace. and inf. or suly.): a. me to clear 
myself, sine me expurgem, Ler.: «e do 
not a. the Transalpine nations to plant 
the olive and the vine, ws lrans- 
alpinas gentes oleam et vitem serere 
TO SUFFER, 
PERMIT, 3. concédo, cessi, cessum, 3 
(with dat. of person: esp. as im pers.) : 
they are not a.d to speak on public 
affairs except in the council, de re- 
publica, nisi per concilium, loqui non 
conceditur, Caes.: we a. slaves to beat 
our sons, concedimus servis verberare 
pueros, Curt. : he a.’d that there should be 
an annual holiday, concessit ut annua 
vacatio esset, Suet.: to a. soldiers to 
plunder the town, c. militibus oppidum 
permitto, 
Misi, missum, 3 (with dat. of person, 
and subj. with ut: also inf.) : nor vould 
he have left me had Inot a.’d him, neque 
discessisset a me nisi ei permisissem, 


| Cic.: he a.d him to choose whom he 


pleased, ei permisit quem vyellet eligere, 
Nep.: v. TO PERMIT. 5. (In Pass): 
licet: V. TO BE ALLOWED. 

allowable: 1, {as (n. indecl.): 
a. by divine law: if this is a. to be 
said, si boc fas est dictu, Cic, : vy. Law- 
FUL. That which is not a., néfas: vy. 
FORBIDDEN, UNLAWFUL. 2, licitus: 
a. conversation, |. sermo, Virg. : by 
means a. and not a., per licita atque 
illicita, Tac. : v. LAWFUL, PERMISSIBLE. 

allowableness: Phr.: the a of 
doing this is obvious, *cunstat tas esse 
haec facere. 

allowably: juré (abl. of jus): he 
might a. have killed him, eum jure po- 
tuit occidere, Cic. 

allowance: |. Acknowledgment : 
q. V.: confessio., Il. Permission: 
q. Vv. Ill. A stated quantity allovcd: 
licentia, pOtestas. 1, démensum (a 
slave’s daily allowance of food): Ver. 

2, diaria, orum (sc. cibaria: daily 

a. of food or pay): slaves clamoui Jor 


| their daily a., servi d. poscunt, Mart. : 





Hor.: of the daily a. of tame animals, 
Petr. : to quicken the speed of soldiri's by 
4.3, diariis militum céleritaten) incitare, 
Cie. 3. praebita, orum (—demensum: 
rare): annual a.s (of slaves), annua p., 
Suet.; Col. Phr.: his mother seeps 
him on short a. (of money), illum mater 
arcte contenteque habet, Pl. As. 1, 1, 64. 
IV. Indulgence: Phr.: I should wish 
you to make a. for my haste, ignoscas 


| velim festinationi meae, Cic. : make a. for 


your ill-health, indulge valetudini tuae, 
Cic. : the people does not forgive the poet, 
but makes a.s for us, vulgus poetae non 
ignoscit, nobis concedit, Cic. V. De- 
duction: esp. in phr., to make an a. 
(from a price): ex pecunia remittere ; 
de summa remittere, Cic. Verr. 3, 35, 82. 
allowed, itis: 14, licét, licuit, 
and licitum est, 2 impers. (with dat. of 
person): if that ts not a., this ut /east 
will be, si illud non licet, saltem hoc 
licebit, Ter.: no one is a. to lead an 
army against his country, licet nemini 
contra patriam ducere exercitum, Cic. : 
this was the year in which he was a. by 
the laws to be made consul, is erat annus 
quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret, 
Caes.: also with subj.: you are a. to 
play, ludas licet, Ter. 2. concéditur, 
cencessum est, 3 (as impers. with dat. of 
person): v. TO ALLow (III. 3), 3. 
permittitur, missum est, } (us impers.) : 
uf it is a. to guess, si conjectare per- 
mittitur, Plin.: v. To ALLOW (II. 4), 
alloy (v.): |. To miz a less 
valuable with a more valuable metal: 
1, misceo, cui, mixtum, 2 (the con- 
text showing the exact sense): the 
triumvir Antony a.'d the denarius with 
tron, miscuit denariv triumvir Antonius 
ferrum, Plin. 33, 46. 2. perh. tem- 
27 


ALLOY 


pero, 1 (i.e. to adjust precisely): Cie. 
Off. 3, 33, 11g, uses misceri et temperari 
of the mizture and adjustmeni of parts 
in a compound: (ci. ALLOY, subs. Il.): 
v. TO MIX, ADULTERATE. I. Fig-: 
to blend an element of evil with good: 
1, corrumpo, riipi, ruptum, 3 : to a. 

the fame of great achievements, rerum 
gestarum famam c., Curt.: v. TO TAR 
NISH,MAR. Q, misceo, 2 (with inverted 
constr. as compared with the Eng.) joy 
ts a.’d with sorrow, miscentur tristia 
lactis, OV Phr.: pleasure is a.d with 
pain, medio de fonte leporum surgit 
amari aliquid, Lucr. 4, 1129. 

alloy (swbs.) : |. A less valuable 
metal. mixed with a more valuable one : 
no exact equivalent: Phr.: copper is 
used as an a. of gold, *aurum aere 
Cyprio misceri et temperari solet: both 
silver and gold require a.s, *et aurum et 
argentum aliis metallis ad temperaturam 
egent. |]. A mixture of different 
metals: températio: the same bronze, 
the same alloy, idem aes, eadem tem- 
peratio, Cic. Acad. 2, 26,85. Phr.: an 
alloy of gold and silver, electrum (ace. 
to Pliny composed of 4 gold and 1 silver) : 
an alloy of zine and copper (i-e- brass), 
drichaleum (or aurichalcum): a7 alloy 
of copper and tin (i.e. bronze), aes, aeris, 
n.: analloy of gold and bronze, subaera- 
tum aurum, Pers. 5, 106. I. Zeid 
regarded as a deduction from good: 
Phr.: joy without alloy, sincerum 
gaudium, Liv. : pleasure without alloy, 
sincera voluptas, Ov.: voluptas liquida 
puraque, Lucr.: liquida voluptas et li- 
bera, Cic, : v. TO ALLOY (fin.). 

all-spice: |. The tree: *myrtus 
pimenta, Linn. I]. Zhe berry ; *piper 
Jamaicum. 

allude to: 1. significo, 1 (only in 
explaining the meaning of a reference) : 
that (he said) was the wooden wall a.d 
to by the god, eum a deo significari 
murum ligneum, Nep. : [can see nothing 
else to which I can imagine you to a. in 
those words, alind nihil habeo quod ex 
iis a te verbis significari putem, Cic. : 
Vv. TO MEAN, HINT AT. 9, tango, 
attingo, perstringo, strictim dico, ete. : 
v. TO TOUCH UPON, GLANCE AT. 3}. 
désigno, I (i.e. 0 aim at some person in 
what is said): Caesar saw that Dum- 
novia was a.dto by this speech, Caesar 
hac oratione D. designari sentiebat, 
Caes.: V. TO MARK OUT. 4, déndto, 
1 (equivalent to designo) : Liv.: v. TO 
MARK OUT. 5, specto, 1: 
REFER TO. 6, cavillor, 1 (to a. ban- 
teringly to): I a.d to his toga praetexta, 
togam sum ejus praetextam cavillatus, 
Cic. 7, jocor, 1 (similar to cavillor): 
that is plain even to a blind man, says 
Philip, a.ing in jest to the weakness of 
Phaeneas’ eyes, adparet id quidem, in- 
quit Philippus, etiam caeco; jocatus in 
valetudinem oculorum Phaeneae, Liv. 

allure: 1, allicio, lexi, lectum, 
3: to a. youth to knowledge, juventu- 
tem ad cognitionemal., Quint. : he began 
toa. by great rewards exiles to himself, 
exsules magnis praemiis ad se a. coepit, 
Caes. 9, allecto, 1 (prop. freq. of pre- 
ceding): v. TO ENTICE. Join: allect- 
are et invitare. 3, illicio, lexi, lec- 
tum, 3: to a.any one into deception, ali- 
quem in fraudem i., Pl. : whom the hope 
of plunder had a.’d to war, Quos ad bel- 
lum spes rapinarum illexerat, Sall.; a.d 
by the deceit of the Gauls, Gallorum 
fraude illectus, Tac. 4, pellicio, 3: 
Vv. TO ENTICE. 5, diico, duxi, ductum, 
3 (in gen. to lead, influence: q.V.): if 
any one is ad by the honour of statues 
or by glory, siquis statuarum honore aut 
gloria ducitur, Cic. 6, indtco: v. TO 
INDUCE, PREVAIL UPON. 

allurement: 1, blandimentum : 
nature herself has produced many 4.8 
for us, multa nobis b. natura ipsa 
genuit, Cic. . blanditia (like the 
former, of that which flatters and wins 
upon the senses) : corrupted by the a.s of 
present pleasures, blanditiis praesentium 
yoluptatum corruptus, Cic. 3, illéce- 

28 


v. TO| f. 





ALMS 


bra (esp. in pl.: v. ENTICEMENT) : plea- 
sure is the a. to baseness, voluptas est i. 
turpitudinis, Cic. 4, lenodcinium 
(always of meretricious alluvements) : 
the a. of desires, \. cupiditatum, Cic. : v. 
FASCINATIONS.  §, esca (fig. lit. ba7t): 
pleasure, the a.to vice, voluptas e. ma- 
lorum, Cic. 

allurer: allector: Col. 

alluring (adj.) : blandus (cf. allure- 
ment, 1): a. pleasure, b. voluptas, Cic. 
V. DELIGHTFUL, TEMPTING. 

alluringly : blandé: to address a., 
b. alloqui, Ter.: Cic. 

allusion: expr. by Phr.: as the 
a. (he made) was to Zeno, Zenonem sig- 
nificabat, Cic. : to make a.s to a painful 
subject, ulcus tangere, Ter.: v. TO AL- 
LUDE TO. 

allusive: V- FIGURATIVE. 

allusively : V- FIGURATIVELY. 

alluvial; alliivius: Auct. de limit. 

alluvium: _1. alluvio: Cic. : Gaius. 

9, aggesta fluminibus terra : Plin. 

ally (v-): |. Zo unite closely : 
sdcio, 1: toa. oneself to another by the 
marriage bond, se alicui vinclo jugali s., 
Virg. : the whole human race is a.d to- 
gether, omne genus humanum inter se 
sociatum est, Cic.: Liv.: v. CONNECT, 
UNITE. I. Zoform an alliance with : 
v. ALLIANCE. 

ally (subs.): sdcius: they unite the 
Boii to themselves as a.s, Boios socios 
sibi asciscunt, Caes.: an a. and friend 
of the Roman people, s.et amicus populi 
R., Sall.: the Latin a.s, socii Latini no- 
minis, Liv. Phr.: @ law relating to 
a.s, lex socialis, Cic.: Liv.: the war with 
the a.s, bellum sociale, Flor.: v. ALLIED. 

almanac: fasti, orum: v. CALENDAR. 

almightiness : V. OMNIPOTENCE. 

almighty: omnipotens, entis: a. 
fortune, fortuna o., Virg.: a. Jupiter, 
o. Jupiter, Cat. Phr.: a. Jupiter, 
rerum omnium praepotens Jupiter, Cic. : 
God is a., nihil est quod Deus efficere 
non possit, et quidem sine labore ullo, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 92. 

almond: 1, amygdala (also used 
for the tree itself): Plin. 2. amyg- 
dala nux: Plin. 8, nucleus amyg- 
dalae: Plin. 4, amygdalum: Ov. 
Phr.; a. oil, amygdalinum oléum, Plin.: 
oil of a.s, *alenon, Pharm. 
, bitter: 1, nux Amara: 
Cels.: Plin. 9, amygdala amara: 
Plin. Phr.: oil of bitter-a.s, méto- 
pion: Plin. 
almond-tree: 1, amygdalus, i, 
.: Pall. 9, amygdala: Col.. Plin. 
3, amygdalum (rare): Col. (Virg. 
appears to use nux alone of the almond- 
tree: G. 1, 187). 

almoner : €léemosynarius : Eccl. 

almost: 1, paené (the most fre- 
quent and exact word): a. @ Friend, p. 
amicus, Cic.: not only in all states, but 
a. even in each house, there are factions, 
non solum in omnibus civitatibus sed p. 
etiam in singulis domibus factiones sunt, 
Caes.: Thad a. said, p. dixi, Cic.: a. to 
touch with the hand, p. manu tangere, 
Ov.: Hor. 9, prope: affairs being 
a. desperate, p. desperatis rebus, Cic.: 
the soldiers hada. gained the top, milites 
p. summa ceperant, Sall.: Caes.: Vv. 
NEARLY. 3, propémddum: Ja. agree 
with you, p. assentior, Cic. : a. the same, 
idem p., Cic. (also propemodo, (ARS a's 
fére (i.e. near about: used in making 
loose general statements): he pitched his 
camp a. directly opposite, f. e regione 
castra posuit, Caes.: we have said a. 
enough, satis f. diximus, Cic. Esp. to 
qualify negatives : than whom there was 
a. no one (i.e. scarcely any one) older, 
quo erat nemo f. senior, Cic. 5, 
fermé (7.q. fere) : a. all the same th ings, 
f. eadem omnia, Ter. Esp. with nega- 
tives: a. no one (i.e. hardly any one) 
puts up here without loss, nemo f. huc 
sine damno devortitur, Pl.: Cic. Phr.: 
he a. met his death at the hands of the ex- 
iles, haud multum abfuit (nihil propius 
factum est quam ut, Cic.) quin ab exuli- 
bus interficeretur, Liv.: v. NEAR, VERY. 

alms: 1. stips, ipis, 7. (the nom. 











ALOOF 


eo 


does not occur): to collect a. (for Teli- 
gious purposes), stipem cogere, vet. leg. 
ap. Cic.: who calls the a. of a thrown 
copper a benefit ? quis beneficium dixi 
s. aeris abjecti? Sen.: the needy stretch 
forth their hands for a., egentes manum 
ads, porrigunt, Sen. Vit. B. 25: to ask 
(or beg for) alms, s. emendicare, Suet. : 
to beg a. from door to door, 8. ostiatim 
mendicare, Hier.: to live upon @.., colla- 
ticia stipe vivere, Apul. 2 eléems- 
syna (Christian word): to give a., elee- 
mosynas facere, August. 
alms-giver; @l¢émésynarius : fem. 
éléemosynaria: Eccl. (or in class. phr. 
qui or quae stipem dat: v. ALMS). 
alms-giving: expr. by verb; as, 
famous for a., *propter eleemosynas 
factas clarus (or simply, propter elee- 
mosynas) : to practise a., *stipem pau- 
peribus dare solitum esse. 
alms-house: ptochotrophium (TTw- 
xotpodeiov): Imp. Cod.: an a. for the 
aged: gérontécomium : Cod. Just. 
aloe: 166, és, f. (both the plant and 
the extract from it): Plin.: Cels.: 7 
partakes more of a.s than of honey, plus 
aloes quam mellis habet, Liv.; aloe- 
wood, tarum, Plin. 
aloft (adv.): 1, sublimé (both of mo- 
tion and of rest): shields fixed a., scuta 
s. fixa, Cic.: to be carried a., s. ferri, Cie. : 
to fly a., s. volare, Lucr.: Liv. : Virg. 
9. in sublimé (only of motion up- 
wards): sound naturally rises a., sonus 
natura in s. fertur, Cic.: Suet.: Plin. 
3, per sublimé (only of what takes 
place aloft): cranes flying a., grues per 
s. volantes, Plin. | 4, sublimis, e (as 
adj.: of motion or rest on high): thus 
having spoken, he departed a., haec 
locutus, sublimis abiit, Liv.: Nisus ap- 
pears a. in the pure air, apparet liquido 
sublimis in aére Nisus, Virg.: Ov. 
alone (adj.): 1, solus: he a. does 
not fear, Ss. non timet, Sall.: I a. did it, 
id egomet s. feci, Pl.: he a. out of very 
many slaves, s. ex plurimis servis, Pie 
Africanus used to say that he was never 
less solitary than when he was a., Afri- 
canus solitus est dicere se nunquam 
minus s. esse quam cum s. esset, Cic. 
9. iinus (not to be used with ref. to 
solitude): Pompey a. has more power 
than all the rest, Pompeius plus potest 
unus quam ceteri omnes, Cic.: Caes.: 
Virg. Ihe two are sometimes joined 5 
as, the one thing alone, res una solaque, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1. Phr.: to let a.: v. 
TO LET. v. also ONLY, UNIQUE. 
alone (adv.): v. ONLY. 
along: A. Prep-: 1, sécundum 
(with acc.): the legions are marching a. 
the upper sea, legiones iter s. mare sU- 
perum factunt, Cic.: he led six legions 
a. the river Allier, sex legioness. flumen 
Elaver duxit, Caes. 9, praeter (with 
acc.) : he despatched the Ligurians a. 
the shore of the Etruscan sea to Naples, 
Ligures p.oram Etrusci maris Neapolim 
transmisit, Liv. Phr.: to sail close a, 
the coast of Italy, navibus oram Italiae 
legere, Liv.: Suet.: v. also TO SAIL PAST, 
pass BY. B, Adv.: Esp. in such expr. 
as to drive a., go d., ete.; where how- 
ever it is to be regarded rather as form- 
ing a compound with the verb: v. T¢ 
DRIVE, etc.: also in the phr. all a. from 
the beginning, jam inde Gam usque) & 
principio, Cic.; and «he like: v. EVEB 
SINCE. 
along with: cum: v. WITH. 
aloof; procul: v. AT A DISTANCE. 
Phr.: to stand a.; i.e. to have nothing 
todo with: 1, discédo, cessi, cessum, 
3 (i.e. to give up what one has been en- 
gaged in): to stand a. from courts and 
cases, ajudiciis causisque d., Cic. Q, ré- 
modveo, movi, motum, 2 (with refl. pron.): 
to stand a. from any one (i.e. to break 
off intercourse with him), se ab aliquor., 
Gie.. I stood a. from abetting crime, me 
ministerio sceleris removi, Ov. 3: 
déiiigio, figi, figitum, 3, i.e. to shrink 
From: q. Vv. 4, non attingo: v. To 
MEDDLE witH. Phr.: to stand a. from 
parties, *a studiis partium remotum 
esse ; neutri parti studere. 


ee ee ee ee eee 








ALOPECY 


ALTERNATIVE 


ALTOGETHER 





alopecy (falling of of the hair) : alo- 
pécia: Plin. 

aloud: claré: they groan a., c. ge- 
munt, Cic.: Caes. Ph r.: to cal a., clara 
voce vocare, Lucr.: Cic. Phr.: to read 
a, récito; v. TO READ: to shout a., 
clamo, exclamo; V. TO SHOUT. 

alphabet: 1, litératiira (litt.): the 
Greek a.,1, Graeca, Tac. Sen. appears 
to use this word as we do ‘horn-book :” 
prima illa, ut antiqui vocabant, litera- 
tura, per quam pueris elementa trad- 
untur, Ep. 88, 18: comp. Cic. part. 7, 
26, where it appears to have the same 
sense. 9, élémenta, orum: Hor.: 
Suet. Sen.: to warn the a., el. discere 
prima, Hor.: v. LETTERS. 8, alpha- 
bétum: Tert. Phr.: to learn the a., 
literarum nomina et contextum discere, 
Quint. 

alphabetical: Phr.: we will give 
an account of the other gems in a. order, 
reliquas gemmas literarum ordine ex- 
plicabimus, Plin. 

alphabetically: Phr.: toarrange 
a., in literam digerere, Sen.: v. ALPHA- 
BETICAL. 

alpine: alpinus: Virg.: Ov. 

already: jam: J know a. what you 
wish to say, scio jam quid vis dicere, 
PL.: a. in ancient times, jam inde anti- 
quitus, Liv.: all the embassies had been 
a. settled, omnes jam legationes erant 
constitutae, Cic. Sometimes doubled for 
emphasis; esp. in eager, impassioned 
language: Vv. NOW, PRESENTLY. also 
strengthened with nunc; as, a. [ antici- 
pate what will be, jam nunc mente et co- 
gitatione prospicio quae futura sint, Cic. 

also: 1, étiam: Caesar found 
out a. that the beginning of the flight 
was caused by Dumnorix, ‘eperiebat 
e. Caesar initium fugae a Dumnorige 
factum esse, Caes.: Caesar avenged not 
only public but a. private wrongs, Caesar 
non solum publicas sed e. privatas in- 
jurias ultus est, Caes. 9. quéque : 
v. TOO. 3, item: v. LIKEWISE. 4, 
idem, Gadem, Idem (when several qua- 
lities are attributed to the same person 
or thing): @ most moral and a. most 
learned man, vir innocentissimus i. que 
doctissimus, Cic.: musicians who for- 
merly were poets a., musici qui erant 
quondam i. poetae, Cic.: v. TOO. sp 
necnon (or as two words nec non): V. 
MOREOVER. 6. &t (sometimes used 
by Cic. as equiv. to etiam): v. Too. 

altar: 1, ara: to sprinkle the a.s 
with much blood, aras sanguine multo 
spargere, Lucr.: he swore at the a., a. 
tenens juravit, Cic.: to build and dedi- 
cate an a., a. condere atque dicare, Liv. : 
to fight in defence of one's as and 
hearths, pro aris et focis pngnare, Cic.: 
@ small a., ariila, Cic. 2. altare, is, 
nm. (prop. a high altar, but the dis- 
tinction is not always observed; the 
sing. does not occur in the best authors) : 
behold four as: two for thee, Daphnis; 
two, high a.s, for Phoebus, en quatuor 
aras: ecce duas tibi, Daphni; duas, 
altaria, Phoebo, Virg.: driven from the 
a.s, ab altaribus fugatus, Cic.: it is 
said that Hannibal was taken to the a. 
and made to swear, touching the sacri- 
Jjice, fama est H. altaribus admotum, 
tactis sacris, jurejurando adactum, Liv. 

altar-cloth: *tegumentum arae or 
altarium. 

altar-piece: * tabula picta super 
altaribus affixa. 

alter (v.): A, Trans.: 1, mito, 
I (0 modify, change partially): to a. 
a will, testamentum m., Cic.: to 4. 
one’s opinion, sententiam m., Cic.: Tar- 
quinius did not a. the centuries of 
knights at all, nec T. de equitum cen- 
turiis quidquam mutavit, Liv.: v. To 
CHANGE, 2. immito, 1: to a. the 
arrangement of words, i. verborum 
ordinem, Cic.: to a. the arrangements of 
another, aliquid de alicujus institutis 
i., Cic. 3, démito, « (partially to 
change: hence closely corresponding to 
the Kng.): they resolved that nothing 
should be a.’d in the institution of the 
flamens, placitum instituto flaminum 


nihil demutari, Tac.: to a. one’s opinion 
about a matter, sententiam in aliqua re 
d., Gell.: Z must a. my style of speech, 
oratio mihi demutanda est, Pl. — Nore. 
Muto roust not be used for to alter, unless 
the context shows that only a part, not 
the whole is changed: thus mutare ves- 
titum is to change one’s dress altogether, 
esp. of going into mourning : toa one's 
style of dress may be expr. by aliquid 
de vestitu solito mutare, immutara; v. 
TO CHANGE Phr.: foa. (a will, etc.) 
by falsifying, corrumpere, vitiare, ete. : 
Vv. TO FALSIFY: to be very much a.'d, i.e. 
in personal appearance, * specie oris 
vultuque multum immutatum esse. B, 
Intrans.: to undergo change: miitor, 
immitor, démitor, used reflectively; 
as, times a. and we a. with them, tem- 
pora mutantur, et nos m. in illis, Hor, : 
v. (A.) and T0 CHANGE. 

alterable: mitabilis: v. 
ABLE. 

alteration: 1, mutatio: v. 
CHANGE, 9. inclinatio: the as of 
affairs in a state, in re publica rerum 
inclinationes, Cic. . 3, litiira (i. e. 
an erasure in a document): nor let 
there be any a. in his decrees, nec ulla 
in decretis ejus 1. sit, Sen. 4, mo- 
mentum (alteration of a balance): to 
make no a. in prices, nullum m. annonae 
facere, Liv.: v. cHANGE.—Norte. But 
the subs. may very frequently be ren- 
dered by means of a verb to alter = to 
make an alteration. ‘Thus, not to male 
any a. vn a law, nihil de lege aliqua im- 
mutare: many a.s are taking place from 
day to day, *multa in dies mutantur s. 
immutantur: V. CHANGE (v. and sibs.) 

alterative (med. t. t): altérans, 
antis, n.: M. L. 

altercate: altercor, 1 dep.: v.TO 
WRANGLE. 

altercation: 1, altércatio: the 
day was wasted in a., dies consumptus 
est altercatione, Cic.: a great a. arises 
between me and Velleius on the subject, 
ovitur mihi magna de re al. cum Velleio, 
Cie. Q, jurgium: v. QUARREL, WRANG- 
LING. 

alternate (adj.): alternus : a. trees, 
a. arbores, Pl.: with a. beams and stones, 
a. trabibus ac saxis, Caes.: on a. days, 
a. diebus, Cels.: a. angles, *anguli al- 
terni. 

alternate (v.): A. Trans.: al- 
terno, 1: drier-wooded trees a. their 
Jruit (i.e. bear fruit every other year), 
alternant fructus quibus siccius lignum, 
Plin. (in same sense inér.; arborum fere 
omnium fertilitas alternat, Plin.): to a. 
changes, vices a., Ov. Q. vario, 1: 
to a. labour with repose, laborem otio v., 
Plin. Ep. Phr.: to a. fruit-bearing 
trom year to year, alternis fructibus 
indui, Col. B, Intrans.: , al- 
terno: v. supr. (A). 2. (in looser 
sense) vario, I: V. TO FLUCTUATE; AL- 
TERNATELY. 

alternately : L_invicem (also 
separately, in vicem): fear and anger 
had a. changed their opinions, timor 
atque ira i. sententias variaverant, 
Liv.: with many vicissitudes, a. con- 
quered and conquerors, multis i. casi- 
bus victi victoresque, Liv.: we used to 
visit each other a., simul eramus i., 
Cic.: Virg. 2. per vices: shea.calls 
aloud, now Persephone! now daughter ! 
perque vices modo, Persephone ! modo 
filia! clamat, Ov. 8, alternis (sc. 
Vicibus): to enjoy command a., a. impe- 
ritare, Liv.: Lucr. 4, vicibus: Quint.: 
Just. 

alternation: 1, vicissitido : the 
a.s of days and nights, dierum nocti- 
umque vicissitudines, Cic.: the a.s of 
Jortunes, v. fortunae, Cic. 9. vicis 
(gen.: nom. sing. not found), f.: the as 
of questioning oneself and of replying to 
oneself are usually not unpleasant, et 
interrogandi se ipsum et respondendi 
sibi solent esse non ingratae v., Quint. : 
by @., in vicem: Vv. ALTERNATELY. 

alternative: 1, discrimen: the 
matter is reduced to this a., whether he 
shall suffer punishment, or we be slaves, 


CHANGE- 








res in id d. adducta est, atrum ille poe- 
nas luat, an nos serviamus, Cic. 2, 
alternata conditio: the a. is, that he 
either comply with the terms or swear, 
a. conditio est, ut aut pareat conditioni 
aut juret, Ulp. Phr.: it is for you to 
choose, take which a. you will, optio 
haec tua est; utram harum vis condl- 
tionum accipe, Pl.: all the a.s between 
victory and death being cut off, omnibus 
inter victoriam mortemye abruptis, 
Liv. 21, 44 (/in.). 
although: 1, etsi (i.e. even if; 
notwithstanding : with the Indic. when 
referring to au actual fact , with Subj. of 
a mere hypothesis): a. the Cevennes 
impeded the march with very deep snow, 
yét, etc., etsi mons Cevenna altissima 
nive iter impediebat, tamen, Caes.: I 
am glad, a. I have no reason for being so, 
gaudeo etsi nihil scio quod gaudeam, PI. : 
a. you had deprived Sulla of nothing but 
the consulship, yet you ought to have 
been satis/icd with that, etsi nihil alind 
Sullae nisi consulatum abstulissetis, ta- 
men e€0 vos contentos esse oportebat, Cic. 
9, &tiamsi (same constr. as etsi, 
but more emphatic) : a. the truth is not 
pleasant, yet, etc., veritas @. jucunda 
non est, tamen, etc., Cic.: with your aid, 
a. we were fearful, yet we would cast 
away all fear, tuis opibus, e. timidi 
essemus, tamen omnem timorem abhjice- 
remus, Cic. 8, licét (only hypothe- 
tical, and strictly a verb: with subj.)- a. 
all dangers may threaten me, yet I will 
assist (my client) and encounter (them), 
licet omnia in me pericula impendeant, 
succurram atque subibo, Cic.: life is 
short, a. it should exceed a thousand 
years, vita brevis est, licet supra mille 
aunos exeat, Sen. (Vv. IT IS ALLOWED.) 
4, tametsi or taménetsi (— not- 
withstanding; of actual facis, hence 
usu. with Indic.): I should not really 
believe what I am saying, a. I had gene- 
rally heard it, non mehercule haec quae 
loquor crederem, tametsi vulgo audie- 
ram, Cic.: and a. Caesar understood 
these things, yet he summons the ambas- 
sadors, quae tametsi Caesar intellegebat, 
tamen legatos appellat, Caes. 5. 
quanquam (constr. same as _ preced- 
ing): a. he ts wicked, q. est scelestus, 
Ter.: a. you are in haste, the delay is 
not long, q. festinas, non est mora longa, 
Hor.: esp. used by a person correcting 
himself, where it forms a kind of sen- 
tence in itself: a. (were it so), even that 
would give rise to no suspicion of a 
coalition, q., ne id quidem suspicionem 
coitionis habuerit, Cic. 6, at (vith 
subj. : esp.in sense granting that : q.v.): 
but a. it be so, yet you cannot predicate 
this, verum ut ita sit, tamen non potes 
hoc praedicare, Cic.: also without a verb: 
all these things were done, the patricians 
a. unwilling, yet not being openly op- 
posed, haec omnia ut invitis ita non 
adversantibus patriciis transacta, Liv.: 
they go together to the waters of the 
Cephisus, a. not yet clear, yet already 
flowing in their wonted channel, adeunt 
pariter Cephisidas undas, ut nondum 
liqnidas, sic jam vada nota secantes, Ov. 
7. quum (with subj.): he says that 
a. these things are so, yet he will make 
peace with them, dicit quum ea ita sint, 
tamen sese cum iis pacem facturum, 
Caes. : Cic. 8, quamvis (prop. how- 
ever much: hence esp. in connection 
with adjectives: constr. same as I, 2). 
in war he had performed deeds, a. 
ruinous to the state yet great, res bello 
gesserat q. reipublicae calamitosas, atta- 
men magnas, Cic.: did not your anger 
abate as you entered our territories, a. 
you had come with hostile feeling ? non 
tibi q. infesto animo perveneras, ingre- 
dienti fines ira cecidit? Liv.: a. expec- 
tation may be great, yet you will surpass 
it, q. sit magna exspectatio, tamen eam 
vinces, Cic. 9, quéd (poet. and rare): 
Vv. WHEREAS. 
altitude; altitido: v. HEIGHT. 
altogether: 1, omnino: either 
a. or in great part, aut om. aut magna 
parte, Cic. ; they thought that their flight 
29 


ALUM 


AMBIGUOUS AM BUSH 
might ‘emain a. unknown, suam fugam | intuebar stupens, Cic.: with an ace. : | dark oracles, oracvla fi. et obscura, Cic. . 


om. ignhorari existimabant, Caes.: our 
men were a. uexperienced in this kind 
of fighting, nostri hujus om. generis 
pugnae imperiti erant, Caes. : Hor. y 
Prorsus: Vv. ABSOLUTELY (II). 3: 
plané to be a. destitute of common 
good-feeling, communi sensu p. carere, 
Wor.: v. QUITE, IN ALL, ENTIRELY, 
CTTERLY. 

alum: dlimen: Plin.: Cels.: Full 
of a., altiminosus: Plin. : containing a. 
tn solution, aliminatus : a. water, aqua 
aluminata, Plin. 

alumina: “alimina: M. L. 

aluminum; *aliminum: M. L.: 
alaminium: M. L. 

alveolar: *alvédlaris, e: M. Ibs 

alveolus: *alvédlus: M. L. 

alvine : alvi, J. (gen. of alvus, the 
bowels): *alvinus. 

always: |. Perpetually : whether 
In strictly philosophic sense, or collo- 
quially: sempér: what a. moves is 
eternal, quod s. movetur aeternum est, 
Cic.: nor does Apollo a. bend the bow, 
neque s. arcum tendit Apollo, Hor. : of 
that which is regularly done at stated 
times : country-folks always harrow 
before they hoe. s. occant priusquam 
sarriunt rustici, Plin.; a. shudder when 
I begin to knock at this door, horresco s. 
ubi pultare hasce occipio fores, ‘Ter. 
Phr.: he was almost a. in the country, 
Turi fere se continebat, Ver.: when the 
sky was stormy, he a. wore a laurel 
wreath on his head, turbativre coelo 
nunquam non coronam lauream capite 
gestavit, Suet. Tib.69: v. CONSTANTLY, 
PERPETUALLY. J. Without exception: 
this sense occurs chiefly with superla- 
tives ; when it may be expr. by quisque - 
the best speakers are a. the most alive to 
the difjiculty of spealcing, ut quisque 
optime dicit, ita maxime dicendi diffi- 
cultatem timet, Cic.: the newest things 
are a. the most correct and free from 
faults, recentissima quaeque sunt cor- 
Fecta et emendata maxime, Cic. 

amadou: |, The plant: *bolétus 
igniarius : Linn. Il. The substance 
prepared from it: agaricum: Plin. 

amain: per vires: v. FORCIBLY. 

amalgam: amalgama, tis, n.- M.L. 

amalgamate: |, Zo mix mercury 
with another metal : *argentum vivum 
cum alio metallo miscere. Il. Zo mix, 
unite, combine: q. v.: misceo, 

amalgamation: |, The mizing 
of mercury with another metal: amal- 
gamatio: M. L. Il. Union, combina- 
tion, mixture: q.v.: mixtio, 

amanuensis: 1, librarius : the 

ter is in the handwriting of an a., 
epistola librarii manu est, Cic. 2. 
manum, a manu (servus): a slave whom 
he employed as a., quem servum ille 
habuit ad m., Cic.: Philaemon, a. to 
Tiberius, Ph. a manu servus (Tiberii), 
Suet. 8. amaniensis, is: Suet. 

amaranth: amarantus, i, m.: Plin. 

amass: dcervo, cdicervo, ciimiilo, 1: 
V.TO HEAP UP, ACCUMULATE. 

amateur (0/ the fine arts): *artium 
amator, liberalium artium studiosus: to 
be an am., *rebus artificiosis se delec- 
tare. 

amatory: 4matorius: a. poetry, 
poesis am.,Cic.: an a. potion, am. virus, 
Plin. 

amaurosis: _ 1, amaurosis (auav- 
pwas),eos, f.: M.L. 2, guttaséréna: 
MLL. (P.) 

amaze: obstiipéfacio, 3: he a.d the 
enemy by a very miracle of bravery, 
ipso miraculo audaciae obstupefecit 
hostes, Liv.: ‘er.: v. TO ASTONISH. 

amazed (adj.) 1, stiipidus: J 
stand a., deprived of sense, stupida sine 
animo asto, Pl.: a., they became silent 
with fear, stupidi timore obmutuerunt, 
Auct. Her. 2, stipéfactus: what 
Speaker is it that men gaze upon a.? 
quem stupefacti dicentem intuentur ? 
Cic. a. at such strength, s. tanto robore, 
Lucan. 

, to be: 1, stupéo, ui, 

2: which I being a., gased upon, quae 
30 


——,t 





some are a. at the fatal gift, pars s. 
dunum exitiale, Virg. 2. obstiipesco, 
stipui, 3: v. AGHAST. v. also TO BE 
ASTONISHED. 
amazedly : expr. by adj.: V. AMAZED. 
To look a. at, stiipeo, 2: v. TO BE AMAZED, 
amazement: stupor: a. possesses 
the minds of all, s. omnium animos tenet, 
Liv. : Cic.: y. ASTONISHMENT. 
amazing: mirus: admirabilis: v. 
ASTONISHING. 
amazingly: admirabiliter: v. as- 
TONISHINGLY. 
amazon : |. As @ proper name : 
~ 1, Amazon, dnis, f.: Virg. 2. 
Amazonis, idis, f.: Virg.; Prop. ll. 
A masculine woman : virago, inis, ips 
Virg.: Ov. 
amazonian: 1, _ amazonius : 
Hor.: Ov 2. Amazonicus: Suet.: 
Plin. 
ainbassador: 1, legatus: tosend 
a.s to declare war, legatos ad indicen- 
dum bellum mittere, Liv. : the rights of 
4.8, jus legatorum, Caes.: Cic.: Hor. 
2, drator (prop. a speaker): Yabii- 
cius, sent as a. to Pyrrhus about. the 
prisoners, Fabricius ad Pyrrhum de cap- 
tivis missus orator, Cic.: Liv. Phr.: 
they sent an honourable man as a. to 
Apronius, hominem honestum legarunt 
ad Apronium, Cic. ; to carry instructions 
tn the character of an a., (yet not 
formally an a.), oratoris modo (ad ali- 
quem) mandata perferre, Cues. Or expr. 
by oratoris s. legati loco: cf. ORATOR 
(2). 
ambassadress: oratrix, tricis: Cic. 
calls the Sabine women oratrices pacis 
et foederis, de Rep. 2,8: where however 
the word is. perhaps, rather used in the 
sense of pleaders for. 
amber (subs.): 1, sicinum (succ.) : 
they pick up a.in the shallow-water and 
on the shore, s. inter vada atque in ipso 
litore legunt, Tac.: Plin.: this was the 
proper Latin name (arboris sueum prisci 
nostri credidere, ob id sucinum appel- 
lantes Plin. 37, 2,11): but Latin writers 
use also, 2. électrum (nAextpor) : 
Plin.: in pl. of a.-beads, Ov. Met. 2, 
364. 
amber (adj.): =. siicinéus: razors 
utth a. handles, s. novaculae, Plin. 
Q. siiciuus: an a. drop, 8. gutta, 
Mart.: a. balls, sucina, orum: Mart. 
8. Glectris, idis: a. islands (i.e. 
yielding a.) , e. insulae, Plin. 
ambergris: i.e. grey amber, as dis- 
tinguished from amber proper (brown or 
yellow): *ambra, ambrum (prob. de- 
rived from ambrosia, from its fra- 
grance): applied by medieval writers 
both to amber and to amberyris : v. Du 
Cange, s. v.. *ambra grisea: M. L. 
(Palmer). 
ambidexter: t I. Using both 
ambidextrous: (¢/ands with equal 
facility: aequimanus, a, um: Auson 
Il, Double-dealing, deceitful : q. v. 
ambient: circumfisus: the a. air, c. 
aer, Ov. 
ambiguity: 1, ambigiiitas: the 
a. of a name, a. nominis, Cic. : to explain 
an a., a. solvere, Quint.: to fall into a., 
in a. incidere, Sen.: Liv. 2. amphi- 
bolia: the a which deceived Croesus, illa 
a. quae Croesum cepit, Cic.: Quint. (The 
latter word is esp. used of rhetorical 
ambiguities. ) 3. ambages, is, /f. 
(used only in abl. sing. ; pl. complete) : 
the senate are at a loss to wnderstand 
the a.s of the obscure oracle, obscurae 
sortis patres ambagibus errant, Ov.: to 
Speak without a., positis a. loqui, Ov. 
ambiguous: 1, ambigiius: a. 
words, verba a., Cic.: a. oracles, oracula 
a.,Cic. 2, médius (i.e. lying between 
two acceptations): an a. answer, re- 
sponsum m., Liv.: @. words, vocabula 
m. et communia, Gell. 12, 9. 3: 
anceps, cipitis: a. words, vocabula an- 
cipitia, Gell. 1. c. 4, perplexus (ie. 
entangled, and so eluding comprehen- 
sion): an answer a. with Punic crafti- 
ness, p. Punico astu responsum, Liv. 
5. flexiloguus (vy. rare): a. and 








V. DOUBTFUL. 

ambiguously: 1, ambigue: to 
Speal a., a. loqui, Cic.: a word a. placed, 
verbum a. positum, Cic. 2. per am- 
bagés: to predict anyone’s end a., alicui 
per a. exitium canere, Tac.: Liv. 

ambit: ambitus, is: v. cracum- 
FERENCE. 

ambition : 1, ambitio: /o be the 
victim of wretched a., misera a. lahorare, 
Hor. : to be a stranger to all a., ab omni 
a. remotum esse, Cic.; svlutum esse, 
Hor.. to be the slave of a., ambitione 
teneri, Cic.: a@ certain a. ld me to the 
pursuit of honours, me a. quaedam ad 
honorum studium duxit, Cie. : although 
a. itself may be a vice, yet it is oftenthe 
cause of virtues, licet ipsa vitium sit a., 
tamen frequenter causa virtutum est, 
Quint.: @ wrong a., pravaa., Sall. 9. 
gloria: a. drags men bound to her 
glittering car, constrictos g. trahit ful- 
gente curru, Hor. : a. of keeping a good 
table, (magnae) g.mensae, Lucan: the a. 
of producing honey, generandi g. mellis, 
Virg.. and esp. in certain phr. : as, to be 
led by a., gloria duci, Cic.; g. expetere, 
sequi, Cic.: he was suallowed up by a., 
hune absorbuit aestus gloriae, Cic.: v. 
GLoRY. Phr.: blind a., honorum caeca 
cupido, Lucr.: we are all influenced by 
a., trahimur omnes laudis studio, Cic. - 
headlong and hazardous a.. cupiditas 
dominandi praeceps et lubrica, Cic. : 
induced by the a. of being aking, regia 
cupiditate inductus, Gaes.: insiamed 
with uicked a., malae dominationis 
cupidinibus flagrans, ‘ac. 

ambitious: |. Eager for pruise, 
power, glory, etc. : laudis, gloriae, hono= 
rum, potentiae cupidus, appetens, avi- 
dus : as, you (Caesar) will not deny that 
you are very a. of glory, gloriae te esse 
avidissimum non negabis, Cic.: v. DE- 
SIROUS OF, EAGER. — Nore. The adj. 
ambitiosus is rarely, if ever, used in 
precisely the sense of the Eng. word ; 
denoting rather the character of one who 
obsequiously cou ts (public) favour. So 
Cic. appears always to employ it: thus, 
homo minime ambitiosus (Fam. 13, 1, 
Jin), is aman who is not at all offen- 
sively obsequious. Phr.: to be a., glo- 
riam petere, exsequi; ambitione teneri, 
captum teneri, laborare, etc.: to be not 
at all a., omni ambitione remotum esse, 
Cic.: v. AMBITION: to be extremely a. 
of power, potentiam concupiscere, Cic. : 
those who are unscrupulously a., qui 
omnia recta et honesta negligunt, dum- 
modo potentiam consequantur, Cic. Off. 
35, 2925.82; Il. Pretentious, ostenta- 
tious : ambitidsus: an a. death, a. mors, 
Tac.: to lop off a. ornaments, a. orna- 
menta recidere, Hor. 

ambitiously: expr. by phr.: as, 
to do anything a., laudis cupiditate, 
gloria ductus, aliquid facere: v. AmBr- 
TION. — NoTE. The adv. ambitiose ap- 
pears never to be used = ambitiously : 
ambitiose petere regnum, is to aim at 
kingly power by courting popular Ja- 
vour (Liv. 1, 35): and Cic. uses the 
word similarly. 

amble (°.): i-e. to trot gently, *léniter 
ac toliitim ire: v. To TROT. 

amble (subs.): 1 ambilatira: 
Veg. 2, mollis alterno crurum ex- 
plicatu glomeratio: Plin. 3, *lénis 
gradus ac tolitilis: v. rror. 

ambler: 1, equus gradarius : 
Lucil. in Non. 2. thieldones or ase 
turcones (Spanish words; : amblevs, i. e. 
horses whose natu al pace is an amble, 
Plin. 

amblingly : * léniter ac toliitim, 

ambrosia: ambrosia Cic.: Ov. 

ambrosial : ambrosius: Virg. : Mart. 

ambulatory: ambilaidrius an a. 
portico (i.e. for walking in), a. porticus, 
Ulp.: v. MOVEABLE. 

ambuscade: v. AmsBusuH. 

ambush: either of the place in which 
troops, &c. are concealed, or of the men: 
insidiae, arum: to station soldiers in ly, 
milites in insidiis collocare, Caes.: to go 
mo an a., insidias intrare, Caes.: he 


 a~ 


— 


AMELIORATE 


was fearful of an a., insidias veritus est, 
Caes  Clodius placed an a. for Milo, 
Cludius Miloni ins collocavit, Cic.: to 
lay an a. for anuone’s life (fig.), ins. 
vitae alicujus facere, ponere, opponere, 
facere, parare, instruere, Cic. : to lead into 
an a., in ins. inducere, Nep.; deducere, 
Justin: to surround and cut off anyone 
by an a., aliquem insidiis circumyventum 
occidere, Nep.: to attack anyone /rom 
an a., aliquem ex ins. invadere, Sall. 

— , to lie ia: insidior, 1 (witb 
dat.) : Caes.: Hirt. Fig.: how long did 
you, Catiline, lie in a. for me? quam 
diu mihi, Catilina, insidiatus es? Cic. : 
Vv. also AMBUSH. 

ameliorate eee or mélius 

amelioration { facére: v. TO IM- 
FROVE, IMPROVEMENT. 

amen: amen: Eccl. If used in non- 
Eccl. sense, fiat, esto: v. FIAT, BE IT SO. 

amenable: |. Obedient, compli- 
ant: dbediens, entis: to render appetite 
a, to reason, appetitum rationi ob. prae- 
bere, Cic. : V. OBEDIENT, YIELDING. Il. 
Owing obedience to, responsible, account- 
able to; q.v. Phr.: they are a. to the 
laws, legibus obstricti sunt, Cic. Inv. 2, 
45, 132: he is not a. to the laws, on 
account, I suppose, of his extraordinary 
dignity, leges eum non tenent, propter 
eximiam, credo, dignitatem, Cic. Phil. 11, 
5, 11: ¥. TO BIND, BE BOUND. 

amend: A. Trans.: |, To free 
Sromerror, correct : 1. corrigo, rexi, 
rectum, 3: itis easier to blame what is 
past than to a. it, praeterita magis re- 
prehendi possunt quam corrigi, Liv.: to 
@. a speech, orationem c., Cic.: to a. the 
morals of a community, mores civitatis 
c., Cic. 2. émendo, 1: to a. a luw, 
legem e., Suet.: toa. a vicious custom, 
consuetudinem vitiosam e., Cic.: to a. 
the vices of youth, vitia adolescentiae e., 
Nep.: v. ©0 CORRECT, IMPROVE. B. 
lu trans.: v. TO MEND, IMPROVE. 

amender: corrector: @mendator : 
V. CORRECTOR, IMPROVER. 

amendment: |, Correction, im- 
provement: q. v.: correctio: é@mend- 
atio. |]. 4 secondary 1 esolution pro- 
posed at a meeting: no exact word: 
sententia being the term applied to 
any formal resolution: thus, he had 
said he would vote for T. Nero's @., 
pedibus in sententiam Ti. Neronis itu- 
Tum se dixerat, Sall. Cat. 50, fin. Phr.: 
some voted with the proposer of the a., 
quidam bune qui post ipsos censuerat, 
sequebuntur, Plin. ep. 2, 11, 21.—(NOTE. 
Censeo is the formal word for enunci- 
ating any proposai.) 

amends: compensatio : satisfactio : 
¥. COMPENSATION, SATISFACTION. 

——,,to make: 1. expio,r: 
to make a. for the wrongs of the ambas- 
sadors, legatorum injurias ex., Liv.: to 
make a. jor a disaster, incommodum 
ex., Caes. 9, salisfacio, féci, factum, 
3: to make a. to the Aedui for their 
wrongs, Aeduis de injuriiss.,Caes. 3, 
penso, compenso: Vv, TO COMPENSATE: 
v. also TO ATONE FOR. 

amenity: Amoenitas: v. 
ABLENESS. 

amerce: multo, I-: v. TO FINE. 

amercement: multa: v. FINE, 

amethyst: améthystus, i, f.: Plin. 

amethystine: améthystinus: Juv.: 


rt. 

amiability: 1. suavitas: whom 

amiableness: $ we ought all to love 
on account of his remarkable a., quem 
omnes amare pro ejus eximias. debemus, 
Cic. : v. AGREEABLENESS. 2. amabi- 
litas: Plaut. 

amiable: 1. amabilis, e: 7 feel 
assured that your little daughter is a.. 
filiolam tuam a. esse certo scio, Cic. 

2, suavis,e: an a. man, s. homo, 

Ter.: a. men, s. homines, Cic. Phr.: 
he was a. then, erat tum dignus amari 
(= qui ametur), Virg.: v. AGREEABLE. 

amiably: 1, suaviter: as you in 
the most friendly manner, and most a. 
desire, sicut tu amicissime et suavis- 
sime optas, Cic. 2. amabilitér: v. 
TOVINGLY, APFECTIONATELY. 





AGREE- 





AMONG 


AMOUR 





amicable: 1.e. friendly; esp. with 
reference to those who have been engaged 
in hostilities: pacatus: nor did they 
receive any very friendly or a. reply, 
nec hospitale quicquam pacatumve satis 
auditum, Liv. : language of too a. a 
kind (for courts of law), dratio pacatior, 
Cic.: fig. mariners fly across the a. 
sea, p. volitant per mare navitae, Hor. : 
V. FRIENDLY, KIND. 

amicably: pacaté: Petr. (v. amr- 
CABLE). V. alsO KINDLY, FRIENDLY. 

amice: Amictus, is: Eccl. 

amid: 


AMONGST, [IN THE MIDST OF. 
amidships: média navi: v. MIpaLe. 
amiss: 

BADLY, WRONGLY. Phr.: to take a., 

aliquid miquo animo ferre, moleste ferre ; 

aliquid haud sine offensione accipere, 

Cic. : it is a consolation to remember that 

although things have turned out a., yet 

you had formed corvect and sound opin- 
ions, consolatio est quum_ recordare, 
etiamsi secus acciderit, te tamen recte 

vereque sensisse, Cic.: nothing comes a. 

to me, *omnibus me accommodo rebus; 

ef. mihi res non me rebus subjungere 
conor, Hor. 
amity ; amicitia: v. PEACE, FRIEND- 
SHIP. 
y ammochryse: ammochrysus, i, m.: 
lin. 
ammodyte: ammodytes, ae, m.: 
lin. 
ammonia: ammoniaca, M. L. 
ppmmoniae (a gum): ammoniacum : 
in. 
ammoniacal: ammoniacus: M.L.: 

an a, salt, sal a.- a. soap, Sapo a. 
ammonite (@ /ossil): sammodnis 

cornu: Plin. 
ammonium: ammonium: M. L. 
ammunition ; formerly used of mili- 

tary stores generally (belli apparatus, 
instrumenta); now used almost exclu- 
sively of stores for serving jire-arms: 

*pulveris (nitrosi) et missilium (bom- 

bardicorum) copia : v. GUNPOWDER, SHOT. 
amnesty: 1. oblivio (— Gr. 

aurnotia): usu. in combination with 
some other word or words: as, he sanc- 
tioned and carried into effect an a. for 
all that had been done and said during 
those two days, omnium factorum dic- 
torumque in eo biduo veniam et ob, 
in perpetuum sanxit ac praestitit, Suet. : 
he proposed a law that no one should be 
accused or punished for what was past ; 
and they called that an a., legem tulit 
ne quis ante actarum rerum accusaretur 
neve multaretur; eamque illi (legem) 
oblivionis appellarunt, Nep. 2. abo- 
litio: a tyrant, who had laid down his 
power under an a., tyrannus qui sub 
pacto abolitionis dominationem depos- 
uerat, Quint. (the word is perhaps so 
used also in Suet.Vib.4). 3, ammestia 

(to which Cic. appears to refer in Phil. 

I, 1: Graecum verbum usurpavi.... 

atque omninm discordiarum memoriam 

oblivione sempiterna deleudam censui) : 

Vop. Aur. 
amomum;: 4momum: Virg.: Plin. 
among: |, Amidst; inter (with 

ace.): may Iwander naked a. lions, 

utinam inter errem nuda leones, Hor. : 
we are conversing a. ourselves (i. &. confi- 
dentially), inter nos colloquimur, Cic. 

||. Less precisely : i the country or 

society of : ], apiid (with acc.): a. 

our countrymen justice is cultivated, ap. 

nostros justitia culta est, Cic.: that 

(tazation) was even worse borne among 

the Germans, id apud Germanos diffici- 

lius tolerabatur, Tac.: a. the Helvetti 
the richest man was Orgetoriz, apud 

Helvetios ditissimus fuit Orgetorix, 

Caes. 9. ad (with ucc.): there was 

no more spirit a. the enemy, non p!us 

animorum ad hostes erat, Liv.: a@ name 
sacred und inviolate a. all nations, 
nomen ad (al. apud) omnes nationes 
sanctum inviolatumque, Caes.: to re- 
main a. the shades, ad umbras manere, 
Sen. rag. 3. pér (with ace): a 


¢ inter (with acc.): to be a. | 
amidst: { the weapons of enemies, | 
inter tela hostium versari, Cic.:  v. | 


perpéram, pravé, etc.: v. | 





Jamily celebrated even a. those nae 
tions, familia per illas quoque gentes 
celebrata, Tac.: Suet. 4. circum 
(With acc, : rare): she, in her raye, will 
defame you a, all the other maidens, te 
circum omnes alias irata puellas dif- 
feret, Prop. I. Implying the in- 
cluding of a part in a whole: 1, ir 
(with abl.): almost all the centurims 
were wounded, a. them the chief cen- 
turion, omnes feré centuriones vulner- 


} ati sunt, in his primipilus, Caes.: pain 
is reckoned a. the greatest evils, dolor 
in maximis malis ducitur, Cic. 2 


inter (with acc.) : Croesus the richest a. 
kings, C. inter reges vopulentissimus, 
Sen.: a battle memorable a. the few 
disasters af the R. people, pugna inter 
paucas memorata populi R. clades, Liv. 

3. ex (with abl.): Solon, the only 
legislator a. the seven, S.legum scriptor 
solus ex septem, Cic.: the gladiators 
who were a. Blaesus’s staff of servants, 
gladiatores qui e servitio Blaesi erant, 





| bution: 


‘Tac.: v. OF. IV. Implying distri- 
], inter: J will divide the 
| booty a. the partners, inter participes 
| praedam dividam, PL: to distribute the 
| tusks a. the maidens, pensa inter virgines 
partiri, Just. 2. in (with acc.): to 
distribute the soldiers a. the legions, 
milites in legiones distribuere, Caes. : 
to divide the whole army a. the states, 
exercitum omneim in civitates dividere, 
Liv.: he shares the game a. ull his evm- 
panions, praedam svucios partitur in 
omnes, Virg. 3. per (with ace.): to 
apportion:the lands a. the veterans, agros 
per veteranos dividere, Suet.: Ov. 4, 
It may sometimes be expr. by dat.: 
as, to distribute the wine among one’s 


| comrades, dividere vina svciis, Virg. 
(chiefly poet.). 
amorous: |. Prone to sexual 


| love: 1, libidindsus : Cic.: Hor. aS 
| miliérosus (of men: v.rare): Cic. 3, 
virdsus (of women): Lucil.: Apul. 
[]. Jn love, enamoured : q. ¥.: anians: 
amore captus. ||], Pertaining to love: 
amatorius: a. pleasure, am. voluptas, Cic. 
amorously : amatorie: to write a, 
am. scribere, Cic. Phr.: al! will look 
a. at Damatis, omnes in Da:nalim putres 
deponent oculos, Hor. 
amorousness: 1, libido, inis, 7- 
(always in bad sense): Cic.: Sall. a 
miuliérdsitas (v. rare ; and of men): Cic 





amorphous: informis,e: ana. lump 
of fiesh, inf. caro, Plin.: v. SHAPELESS, 

amortization: i.e. alienation of 
land in mortmain: *amortizatio or ad- 
mortizatio (‘‘praediorum translatio in 
manum mortuam,’’ Du Cange): to per- 
Form an act of a. on an estate, praedium 
amortizare (adm.), v. Du C. s. v. 

amortize, to: *amortizare (adm.); 
in manum mortuam transferre:  v. 
AMORTIZATION, 

amount to (v.): 1. efficio, féci, 
fectum, 3 (with acc.): this does not a 
to enough for the monthly interest, nec 
id satis efficit in usuram menstruam, Cic. 

9. esse: the total of them all a.'d to 

368,000, summa omnium fuerunt ad 
millia cccLxviu, Caes.: those who give 
the highest numbers state that his in- 
fantry a.’d to 100,000, his cavalry to 
20,000, qui plurimum, centum millia 
peditum, viginti equitum fuisse scrib- 
unt, Liv.: v. also To cost. Phr.: to 
ascertain what the balance a.s to, videre 
quae reliqui summa fiat, Cic. Fig.: 
my argument a.s to this, huec est sum~ 
ma conclusionis meae, Cic.: the little 
that he said a.’d to this, that I would for- 
give him, ille perpauca locutus, hanc 
summam habuit orationis, ut sibi igno- 
scerem, Cic.: all these words now a. in 
short to this, omnia haec nunc verba hue 
redeunt denique, Ter.: i as to the 
same thing, so far as the state is com 
cerned, whether the colony is Jounded or 
not, nihil interest reipublicae colonia 
deducatur necne, Cic. 

amount (subs.): finis, is,m. (only in 
legal writers): the a. of the piwe, I. 
pretii, Papin.: v. sum. 

amour: 1, Amatio. there ts ne 

31 





AMPELITE ANALOGY 













































































amulet: _ Bmiiletum: Plin. 
9, phylacterium : Marc. Emp. 

amuse: , Lo entertain the mind 
agreeably : 1, délecto, I: send for 
Pamphilus to a. us, Pamphilum accerse, 
ut delectet nos, Ter. : to a. other people's 
leisure, aliorum otium d., Plin. i 
oblecto, 1 (esp- of diversion after labour, 
drudgery: to 4. with fictions the minds 


a. in this play, neque in hac fabula 
ulla a. est, Pl. 9, amor, Oris: & Sé- 
cret a., furtivus amor, Virg.: tohavean 
@., amori operam dare, Ter. : amours, 
amores et hae deliciae quae yocantur, 
Cic.: Ov. 

ampelite (4 mineral): ampélitis, 
jdis, f.: Plin. 
amphibia: VY: foll. art. 


amphibious: Phr.: 4. animals, | of readers, fictis o. legentum animos, 
bestiae quasi ancipites, in utraque sede | Tac.: to a. oneself with agriculture, se 


Gic.; we are ad with 
Cic.: a. your- 
te cum Cicer- 


viventes, Cic.: animalia quibus aquam agri cultione 0., 
terramque jncolendi gemina natura est, 
Flor.: frogs are a. animals, ranarum et 
in terra et in humore vita, Plin. As 
scient. t. the class of 4. animals, *am~- 
phibia, orum. 
amphibology : 
vy. AMBIGUITY. 
amphibrach: amphibrachys, Y0S; 
m.: Quint. 
amphimacer: 


—_— oneself: : 
luisum, 3: the countryfolk a. themselves 
with rude verses, coloni versibus in- 
comptis lL. Virg.: Cic. 
(rare in this sense): J a. myself with 
writing, illudo chartis, Hor. 

amusement: , Agreeable occu- 
pation: ], animus (only in depend- 
ence on causa Or gratia): do you suppose 


amphibolia : Cic. : 


amphimacrus, i, ™.: 
int. 
amphisbena (a serpent) : amphis- 
baena, ae, f.: Plin. 

(a fossil): amphitane, 


amphitane that the Romans are drilled every day 
és, f.: Plin. by way of a.? Romanos animine causa 
amphitheatre: amphithéatrum : quotidie exerceri putatis? Caes.: Cic. 
Tac.: Suet. 9, délectatio : learning and litera- 


ture which in prosperity seemed to afford 
a. only, now really (afford) safety too, 
doctrina et literae quae secundis rebus 
delectationem modo habere videbantur, 
nunc vero etiam salutem, Cic. 3. 
oblectatio: a. for the mind is sought J”, 
and a respite from cares, o. quaeritul 
animi requiesque curarum, Cic. lh. 
That which amuses : 1, délectameut- 
um: the a.s of boys, delectamenta puer- 
orum, Cic. _ oblectamentum - the 
a.s of old age, oblectamenta senectutis, 
Cic.: the a.s of agriculture, 0. rerum 
rusticarum, Cic. 3, oblectamen : Ov.: 


amphitheatral : amphithéatralis, 
e.: Mart.: Plin. 
amphitheatrical : amphithéatri- 
cus: Plin. 

amphora : amphora: Cato: Hor. 

ample: |. Spacious : 
magnus et amplus: v- SPACIOUS, 
Fully sufficient: amplus: very a. for- 
tunes, amplissimae fortunae, Cic.: 
wealth, a. divitiae, Hor.: very a. ban- 
quets, amplissimae epulae, Caes. Phr.: 
Caesar thought that there was a. cause 
for punishing him, Caesar satis esse 
causae arbitrabatur quare in eum ani- 


madverteret, Caes.: V- ABUNDANT. III. | Stat. — Nore. Delectatio and delecta- 
Full, complete: 1, longus: an 4. mentum refer to things as in themselves 


statement, 1. expositio, (juint. 
copiosus: an a. stock of words, ©. 
verborum supellex, Quint.: Cic.: v- 
COPIOUS. 


sources of delight ; oblectatio and oblec- 

tamentum rather to things which serve 

as diversion after toil: V- also PLEASURE. 
amuser: dui delectat: Vv. AMUSE, 


ampleness : amplitudo, magnitido : amusing: festivus : nothing can be 
vy. SPACIOUSNESS, ABUNDANCE, FULNESS, | more d. than children, pueris nihil potest 
LARGENESS. esse festivius, Cic.: an a- conversation, 


Vv. PLEASING. 
1, festive: to act @ 


f. sermo, Cic.: 

amusingly : 7 
play a., f. agere fabellam, Cic. : 
festiviter: to answer 4., f. respondere, 
Gell.: v. PLEASANTLY, HUMOUROUSLY. 

amylaceous : aAmylacéus : M. L. 

an: V- 4: 

anabaptism : aAnabaptismus. (Au- 
gustine uses this word in the sense of 
“ second baptism.” ) 

anabaptist : anabaptistes, ae, ™m.: 
Corp. Confess. 

anachronism : *temporuin inversio : 
“peccatum in temporum ratione (ad- 
missum)” : (Kraft and Georges give 
the latter phr.). Phr.: commit many 
a.s, *temporum rationem perturbare 
atque miscere: V- CHRONOLOGY. 

anacreontic (adj.) = anacreonticus, 
Znacréontius, Diomed. 

anacreontic (subs.) : Anacréonficus 
versus: or anacreontion colon, Quint. 9, 


amplification (v. TO AMPLIFY) : 
expr. by part. of verb: as to heighten 
any impression by a., *aliquid dilatando 
augere. (Not amplificatio, which de- 
notes the magnifying and heightening 
of a theme.) 

amplifier: qui dilatat ; qui de aliqua 
re uberius disputat et fusius: Vv. TO 
AMPLIFY. 

amplify : now used only in sense, to 
enlarge rhetorically ; to dilate upon: 
dilato, 1; what is thus a.d by us, Zeno 
thus condensed, quae dilatantur a nobis, 
Zeno sic premebat, Cic.: to a. an argu- 
ment, argumentum ., Cic.: Quint.: Vv. 
TO ENLARGE. — (NOTE. Amplifico ap- 

ears never to mean simply to expand, 
enlarge, but rather to magnify, exalt a 
subject: 4. V-)- Phr.: to a. a subject, 
aliquid uberius disputare et fusius; de 
aliqua re copiose dicere, Cic. 

amplitude: amplitiido: Vv. LARGE- 
NESS. 

amply: ample: abundé: Y. ABUND- 
ANTLY. 

amputate: 1, ampiito, 1: limbs 
are a.d if they injure the other parts of 
the body, membra amputantur si nocent 
reliquis partibus corporis, Cic.: to a. the 
hands, Manus am., Suet.: Sen. i 
séco, tli, ctum, I: we sugfer parts of the 
body to be cauterized or a.d, in corpore 
aliquid uri secarique patimur, Cic.: to 
a. limbs, membra s., Plin. (Sen. uses 
legere ossa of the removal of bones by a 
surgical operation . Prov. 3, 2)- 

amputation : 1, ampitatio: M. 
L. (Cicero uses this word, but applies it 
to the pruning of trees). 9. sectio: 
Plin. Phr.: to perform the a. of a leg, 
*crusamputare: thea. of the man’s hand 
saved his life, *manu amputata, vita 
homini servata est: to cure by a., am- 
putando sanare : parts the a. of which 
ts dangerous, membra quae periclitantur 
pecari, Plin.: v. TO AMPUTATE. 

22 


4, 78- 

anaesthetic: i.e. reducing to insen- 
sibility: soporifer appears to be the 
nearest word : (the medical writer Scri- 
pbonius says of opium, * mentem soporat, 
sensusque abalienat’’): or as tech. t., 
*anaestheticus. 

anaglyphs: Anaglypta, orum : Plin. 

anaglyptic: anaglypticus : Sidon. 

anagram: xanagramma, itis, ”- (a 
species of trifling of modern invention : 
y. Morhof. Poly. 7, 3. 6). 

analogical : Phr.: an a. argu- 
ment, *argumentum ex analogia (Ss. pro- 
portione : V- ANALOGY) ductum. 

analogically: per analdgiam: our 
intellects judge what ts honorable and 
good a., per a. nostri intellectus et 
honestum et bonum judicant, Sen. Ep. 
120. 

analogous: analogus: Varr. (But 
in most cases similis is near enough: 
vy. LIKE.) 


analogy : 1, analdgia (ve. ava- 


part of any abstract subject : 








ANCESTOR 






Aoyia. Quint. thus explains the force of 
the word; ‘‘analogia, quam ex Graeco 
transferentes in Latinum proportionem 
vocaverunt. Hjus haec vis est ut id 
quod dubium est ad aliquid simile de 
quo non quaeritur referat, et incerta 
certis probet,” I, 6, 394): to follow @., & 
sequi, Quint.: Sen. (who § of the 
word as a foreign one, and explains it 
as Quint. does: Ep. 120. Cic. writes the 
word with Greek letters and “ ventures” 
the translation comparatio proportiove, 
Univ. 4, fin.). Q, proportio: Vv. 


PROPORTION. 3, comparatio: Cic. 1. c. 
(v. supr.): V. COMPARISON. 
analysis: |. The separation of a 


compound body into its elements: it 
*corporum separatio et solutio, 
Nov. Org.2,7- 2. *corporum reductio 
ad naturas simplices, ib. 3, (Ast. t.) 
analysis, eos, J-: M. L. 
make an a of @ compound substance, 
*compositum ad principia redigere. 
The examination of each ee 
, ex- 
plicatio (perhaps the nearest term, but 
needing some qualifying word for pre- 
cision: as, *subtilis alicujus rei explica- 
tio atque enodatio) : Cic. Q, analysis, 
eos, f. (in purely technical sense aS Op- 
posed to synthesis). II]. A summary, 
abridgment, q. V.: epitome, summarium. 
analyst: *analyseos peritus. 
analytical: analyticus: M. L. 
analytically: *Per analysin. 
analyze: composita in principia re- 
digere or resolvere. Fig.: toa. what 
is complicated, perplexa discernere, 
Quint. 12, 2, 10: to a. @ subject, rem 
quasi in membra discerpere, Cic. Top. 
, 28: toa @ word, vocabulum s, vet~ 
bum subtiliter enodare (cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 
24, 62). 
analyzer: 
anapaest: 
anapaestic : aniipaestuicus : 
an a. poem, anapaestum, Cic. 
anaphora (rhet. figure): anaphora : 
Diom. 
anarchical: turbiilentus (prob. the 
nearest single word: V- TUKBULENT) = 
an a. (state of the) commonwealth, t. 
respublica, Cic.: @ seditious and a. 
citizen, seditiosus civis et t., Cic. But in 
gen. it may be more accurately eX- 
pressed by a phr.: as, an a. state, etc. 
xcivitas legitimo imperio carens 5 in qua 
legibus non paretur ; respublica in qua 
nec leges ullae sunt nec judicia (cf. Cic. 
Fam. fo, I, 1); civitasin qua populus li- 
bertatem in lubidinem vortit (cf. Sall. 
Jug. 41)- 
anarchist: civis seditiosus et tur- 
bulentus, Cie. (v- 'ANARCHICAL) : *conci0- 
nator seditiosus (i.e. one who by § 
promotes sedition) : *civitatis evertendae 
suasor ; homo multitudinis sollicitandae 
peritus. 
anarchy : *jmmoderata atque effre- 
nata lieentia: Vv. LICENCE. Phr.: bad 
government ts better than utter a., *me- 
lius est male regi quam nullum omnino 
imperium habere. 
anastomosis (anatom. ¢. f) 708 
osculatio; Coel. Aur. Q, anastomo- 
sis, eos, f-: M. L. 
anathema : 
Tert.: Aug.: V- 
TION. 
anathematize : anithémitizo, I : 
Aug. : v. TO CURSE, EXCOMMUNICATE. 
anatomical : Anatomicus: Maer. 
anatomist: Anitomicus: Macr. 
anatomize: V. 70 DISSECT. 
anatomy : 1, anatomia, anato- 
mica, or anutdmice, es, f-: Macr.: Coel. 
Aur. Q, dissectio: M.L. (Forcell. 
suggests [S. V- anatomia] that incisio 
might be used in this senses) 
ancestor: _ 1. &P- in pl. ; majores : 
our fathers and a.s, patres m. que, Cic. : 
according to the custom of our as, more 
majorum, Cic. The sing. may be expr. by 
(unus) ex majoribus. 2, avus, proavus, 
Abivus, itavus: these four words denote 
four different removes, from grandfather 
backwards: but they are often used 5 
pl. to denote ancestors in general = Mae 


v. ANALYST. 
Anipaestus pes, Cic. 
Sidon. : 


Anithéma, Atis, %-: 
CURSE, EXCOMMUNICA- 








ANCESTRAL 


jores. 3. auctor (chiefly t.; and 
oaly of the founder i race oy familia) : 
usu. with some defining word: as, auc- 
tor generis or sanguinis, Virg.: gentis 
auctor, Suet,: Hor. 4, pirens, entis, 
c. (also only of the founder of a family) : 
Cic.: Virg. 5, imagines, um, f. (by 
meton.: with reference to the wax 
busts of a.s kept in the atrium): Ihave 
no distinguished a.s,and my nobility 
ts of recent date, imagines non habeo, et 
mihi nova nobilitas est, Sall.: Cic.: Hor. 
6. pridrés, um: Ov.: Plin. 

ancestral: 1. Avitus: paternal and 
a. possessions, paternae atque a. possess- 
jones, Cic.: an a. estate, a. fundus, Hor. : 
a. wealth, av. divitiae, Cat. 2, pro- 
Avitus: a. realms, p. regna, Ov.. Stat. 

ancestry: v. ANCESTORS. Phr.: 
those whose a. is noble (i. e. distinguished: 
¥. NOBLE), ii qui nobili genere nati sunt, 
Cic.: a man of very distinguished a., 
amplissimo genere natus, Caes.: a@ man 
of base a., malo genere natus, Cic., 
persons who have a common a., qui sunt 
ejusdem stirpis, Cic.. v. FAMILY (/in.). 

anchor (subs.): ancéra: to cast a., 
ancoras jacere, Caes.: Virg. : Caesar re- 
mained at a. one night, Caesar ad an- 
coram una nocte constitit, Caes.: some 
ride at a., others cut their cables, alii 
in ancoras evehuntur, alii ancoralia 
incidunt, Liv.: a part (of the fleet) re- 
mained at a.at the mouth of the har- 
bour, pars ad ostium portus in ancoris 
stetit: Liv.: Hor.: to weigh a.,ancoram 
tollere, Caes.; a. solvere, Cic.: to wait 
at a., in ancoris exspectare, Caes. ; com- 
morari, Hirt.; in salo navem tenere in 
ancoris, Nep. Fig.: no a. now holds 
our barlc, ancora jam nostram non tenet 
ulla ratem, Ov. Phr.: to weigh a. 
(|= to set sail), naves solvere, or simply, 
solvere, Caes.: Cic.: v. TO ANCHOR. 

anchor (v.): A. Trans.: the 
Ships had been a.’d, naves ad ancoras 
deligatae erant, Caes. B. Intrans.: 
sto, stéti, 1 (of ships) : the ships could not 
a. tn the open sea, naves in salo stare non 
poterant, Liv. : ten ships were a.’d in the 
Maliacan gulf, decem naves in sinu Ma- 
liaco stabant, Liv. Phr.: the ships 
having ad were being jilled by the 
waves, haves, ancoris jactis, fluctibus 
complebantur, Caes. 

anchorage: stitio: a smooth a. 
quieta s., Caes.: an unsafe a., s. male- 
fida carinis, Virg.: there was no safe 
a. near the city, circa urbem tuta s.non 
erat, Liv. Phr.: anchorage dues, vecti- 
galia ancoralia: the places afford excel- 
lent a., loca sunt egregia ad tenendas 
ancoras, B. Alex.g; *in iis locis com- 
modissime in ancoris consisti, stari 
potest. 

anchorite;: inichoréta, ae, m.: 
Sulp. Sever.: v. HERMIT. 

anchovy : *engraulus encrasicholus, 
Cuv.: a. sauce, girum: Hor. 

ancient (denoting both what has 
mow ceased to exist, and what still 
exists): 1, antiquus (chiefly but not 
solely of that which has ceased to exist : 
V. ANTIQUATED): an a. custom, mos a., 
Pl.: a very a. period, antiquissimum 
tempus, Caes.: these are the true and a. 
names, ea vera et a. nomina, Tac.: these 
things are too a, and old-fashioned, haec 
nimis a. et obsoleta sunt, Cic.: a. 
temples, a. templa, Hor.: very a. writ- 
ings, antiquissima scripta, Hor, Phr.; 
from a. times, antiquitus: Liv.: Quint. 
Very ancient, pérautiquus: @ very a. 
shrine, p. sacrarium, Cic. 9. vétus, 
éris: only of that which still exists or 
still remains in force: (vetus and an- 
tiquus are sometimes used together : as 
veterem atque antiquam rem novam ad 
vos proferam, Pl. Amph. prol. 118: an- 
tiquus is opposed to novus, vetus to re- 
cens, Habicht, 768): the a. kingdom of 
Priam, regnum Priami v., Hor.: a. sta- 
tues, v. statuae, Hor.: the a. poets, v. 
poetae, Hor.: the a. men of olden time, 
veteres et prisci viri, Cic. Very a., per- 
vétus: @ very a. town, oppidum perv., 
Cie.: Vv. OLD, OLD-STANDING. 3. vé- 
tustus (derived from vetus: hence of 


AND 





that which 7s old, esp. which bears the 
marks of age): ana. opinion, v. opinio, 
Cic.: ana. nation, v. gens, Virg.: very 
a. public records, vetustissimum instru- 
mentuin imperii, Suet.- an a. temple, 
v. templum, Virg.: an a. town, vy. op- 
pidum, Hor. 4, priscus (only of 
what has now passed away: v. ANTI- 
QUATED): in the a. literature of the 
Greeks, in p. Graecorum literis, Cic. . 
let others take delight in a. times, I 
congratulate myself on having been born 
in these latter ages, prisca juvent alios, 
ego me nunc denique natum gratulor, 
Ov. _§, pristinus: v. OLDEN, FORMER. 
6, canus (poet.: prop. grey, hoary) : 
a. fidelity, c. fides, Virg.: a.ages, secula 
c., Mart.: v. OLD. 
ancient (subs.): iq. ENSIGN: q. v. 
ancients, the (esp. ancient writers): 
1, antiqui, orum: the authority of 
the a@.8, antiquornm auctoritas, Cic. ; 
Hor. 2, antiquitas (abstract for con- 
crete): thea.s were mistaken in many 
things, errabat multis in rebus a., Cic. 
3. vétéres, um: the a.s, our ances- 
tors, majores nostri, veteres illi, Cic.: 
the rule of the a.s, yeterum norma, Hor. : 
to be reckoned among the a.s (i. e. ancient 
writers), in veteres referri, Hor.—(Nore. 
Antiqui denotes the a.s as those who 
lived long ago; veteres, as still known 
tous and exerting an influence upon us : 
V, ANCIENT, 2). Phr.. he admits that 
they express themselves in some respects 
too much like the a.s, quaedam nimis 
antiqne dicere cedit eos, Hor.: the in- 
land tribes, more simply and more like 
the a.s, use barter, interiores simplicius 
et antiquius permutatione mercium 
utuntur, l'ac.: v. also ANCESTORS. 
anciently: 1, antiquitis (in an- 
cient times): the Belgae were a. led 
across the Rhine, Belgae Rhenum ant. 
transducti sunt, Caes.: Nep. 2, olim, 
quondam: v. ONCE, FORMERLY. 
ancientness: V. ANTIQUITY. 
ancillary ; v. SUPPLEMENTAL. 
and: 1, ét: et properly joins 
words or sentences which have, or are 
represented as having, only a fortuitous 
or temporary connection : (i) the simple 
conjunction: cold and hunger and thirst, 
frigus et fames et sitis, Cic.: Caesar 
orders Divitiacus to be summoned to him 
and converses with him, Caesar Divitia- 
cum ad se vocari jubet et cum eo collo- 
quitur, Caes.— Obs. When several sub- 
stantives are connected in English by 
and, as in the first of the above ex- 
amples, the et must either be repeated 
with each additional member, as there 
(rroAvavvéerov), or else omitted alto- 
gether (aovvderov): as, honour, faith, 
intellect, concord, honos, fides, mens, 
concordia, Cic. When a number of 
words are connected, the latter mode is 
usually preferred unless special emphasis 
is needed. (Cic. has in one place, com- 
posite, ornate, copiose loqui; and in 
another, prudenter e¢ composite ef or- 
nate et memoriter dicere (Or. 1, 15,64): 
the several words being in the latter 
case brought out with more distinctness 
and emphasis.) Que (v. inf. 3) is how- 
ever frequently used with the last mem- 
ber of a series, when that member 
gathers up a number of particulars: as, 
in astronomy, the rising, setting, and 
movements of the stars, in asirologia, 
ortus, obitus, motusque siderum, Cic. 
(ii) the conj. emphasized — and indeed : 
you were wrong and indeed exceedingly 
wrong, errabas, et vehementer errabas, 
Cic. (ili)—and then (indicating an 
immediate result): he said, and then in- 
stantly perceived that he had fallen into 
the midst of the enemy, dixit, et extem- 
ce sensit medios delapsus in hostes, 
irg.: (iv) and yet (subjoining an em- 
phatic question or exclamation): and 
yet are there people who complain about 
the Appian way? et sunt qui de via 
Appia querantur? Cic. (v)—and so 
too, and also: these things themselves 
area source of pleasure to me, and so 
too were those to the Torquati, haec ipsa 
mihi sunt eel et erant illa Tor- 





AND 





quatis, Cic. 2. atqué or ac (the 
latter in classical prose gen. only before 
consonants): this conj. differs from et 
in denoting a closer connection between 
the ideas represented by the connected 
words or clauses: hence it is often em- 
ployed to join two substantives which 
together represent a single complex 
idea. (i) the simple conj.: to speak 
Srom the heart and truly, ex animo ac 
vere dicere, Ter.: the dangers of this 
city and empire, pericula bujus urbis 
atque imperii, Cic.: with your virtuous 
Feeling, isto animo atque virtute, Cic. 
Caesar gave the signal for joining battle, 
and having set out for the other wing, 
he fell in with those actually engaged, 
Caesar proelii committendi signum de- 
dit, atque in alteram partem profectus, 
pugnantibus occurrit, Caes. (ii) the 
conj. emphasized=and indeed, and 
even, and especially: a difficult affair, 
and indeed the most difficult of all, res 
difficilis atque omnium difficillima, Cie. - 
great thanks are due to the immortal 
gods, and especially to this very Jupiter 
Stator, magna diis iimmortalibus ha- 
benda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi 
Statori, Cic.: the river cun be crossed on 
Joot in one place only, and even in this 
with digiculty, flumen uno omnino loco 
pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest, 
Caes. 8. qué, an enclitic which con- 
nects words rather than sentences, and 
words usually standing in the same re- 
lation to the rest of the sentence, and 
representing things very closely con- 
nected, either naturally and generally, 
or at least under the circumstances 
spoken of; hence such words often de- 
note a single complex idea. Que must 
be affixed to the second of the two 
words; and it is to be specially ob- 
served that it is rarely added to 
words ending in a short vowel, espe- 
cially @: that force overcame all the 
allurements of pleasure and ease, ea vis 
omnia blandimenta voluptatis otiique 
vicit, Cic.: the Aulerci and Lexovii shut 
their gates, Aulerci Lexoviique porta 
clauserunt, Caes.: having collected twig 
and underwood they go straight to the 
camp, sarmentis virgultisque oollectis 
ad castra pergunt, Caes.: the arrange- 
ment and order of the line of march, © 


and din arose, and some rush ec 
way, some another, panic-stricken, cla- _ 
mor fremitusque oriebatur aliique aliam 
in partem perterriti ferebantur, Caes. 
Que may be used after a substantive 
preceded by a preposition: as, he went 
to Rome and began to appear in the 
Jorum, Romam demigravit, in foroque 
esse coepit, Nep.: Cic.—N.B. (i) When 
a connected clause contains a negattve, 
the conjunction “and” and the nega- 
tive are often expressed by neque or nec, 
especially where the former clause con- 
tains a correlative conjunction: you per- 
ceive that he both had presence of mind 
and was not wanting in. prudence, intel- 
ligitis et animum ei prest> fuisse, nec 
consilium defuisse, Cic.: av that time 
games were ceiebrated during ten days, 
and nothing was omitted with a view to 
appeasing the gods, tunc et ludi decem 
per dies facti sunt, neque res ulla quae 
ad placandum deos pertineret, praeter- 
missa est, Cic.: he saw that affairs were 
in aeritical state and that there was no 
reserve that could be sent up, rem esse 
in angusto vidit,.meque ullum esse sub- 
sidium quod submitti posset, Caes. (ii) 
“And” connected with a demonstrative 
or personal pronoun may often be ex- 
pressed in Latin by the relative pronoun 
alone : and Caesar having been informed 
of these things orders ships of war to be 
built, quibus de rebus Caesar certior fac- 
tus naves longas aedificari jubet, Caes. : 
the soldiers were endeavouring to board 
the enemies’ ships, and when the barba- 
rians observed this, they strove to save 
themselves by flight, milites transcendere 
in hostium naves contendebant. Quod 
postquam barbari fieri animadverterunt 
fuga salutem petere contenderunt, Caes, 
33 


Tatio ordoque agminis, Caes.: @ shout ; : 


jae 


ANDROGYNOUS 





@ii) In many cases where “and’’ is 
employed to connect single words, it 
must or may be omitted in Latin, espe- 
cially in enumerations ; but as it is im- 
possible to reduce such cases to rule, 
they must be left to observation. It 
frequently happens also that where we 
employ two or more co-ordinate sen- 
tences or clauses, connected by “and,’’ 
the Latin language expresses the sense 
of one or more of the clauses by a par- 
ticipial or relative clause, attached to 
one of the terms of the principal sen- 
tence, and therefore forming part of the 
latter, so that a conjunction is not Te- 
quired. But the grammar rather than 
the dictionary must be consulted on 
such points: v. also noTH (07).). 

Respecting the Latin conjunctions 
above spoken of, see Adlen’s Doctrina 
Cop. Ling. Latinae. 

andro OuSs!: V. HERMAPHRODITE. 

anecdote. 1, fabella: if any- 
thing is told as an a., si quid tanquam f. 
narratur, Cic. 9, narratiunciila: the 
speech is enlivened with many a.s, oratio 
Narratiunculis pluribus renovatur, Plin.: 
Vv. STORY. 

anecdotical: Phr.: a very a. book, 
*liber plenus fabellarum festivarum. 

anemometer: anémémetrum: M.L. 

anemone: 4némoné, és, f.: Plin. 

aneurism : ineurisma, itis, n.: M.L. 

aneurismal, Aneurismaticus: M.-L. 

anew. 1. déniio: the whole house is 
being built a., aedificantur aedes totae 
d., Pl.: Sicily was assessed @., Sicitia 
censa d. est, Cic. Q, de, ab, exintegro: 
the war broke out a. with more jierce- 
ness, acrius de integro obortum est bel- 
lum, Liv.: the great cycle begins a., 
magnus ab integro sueclorum nascitur 
ordo, Virg.: to get strength a., recipere 
ex integro vires, Quint. 3. It may 
sometimes be expr. by re in comp. with 
a verb: as to break out a. (of an old 
wound), recrudesco: v. AGAIN. 

angel; angélus: Tert.: Aug. : Hier. : 
a guardian a., an. custos or tutelaris, 
Eccl. Phr.: to sing like ana., *scite 
admodum canere. As a term of endear- 
ment: my a.! meae deliciae, Pl.: v. 
LOVE, DARLING. 

angel (adj.): v. ANGELIC. 

angel-fish: 1, squatina(?): Plin. 

9, rhina(?): Plin. 

angelic: angélicus: Eccl.: a. food, 
angelici panes, Prud. (When used 
loosely and figuratively, as angelic pa- 
tience, goodness, etc., it may be expr. by 
eximius. egregius ; plus quam humanus, 
etc.) : V. REMARKABLE, SUPERHUMAN. 

anger: ], ira (denoting the emo- 
tion as actually existing): a. is a short 
madness, ira furor brevis est, Hor. : per- 
haps some single word has stirred up 
this a. between them, fortasse unum ali- 
quod verbum inter eas iram hance con- 
civerit, Ter.: to do anything in a., ali- 
quid per iram facere, Cic.: to give way 
to a., irae indulgere, Liv.: to lay aside 
a., iram ponere, Hor.: to turn one’s a. 
against a person, iram in aliquem ver- 
tere, Hor.: let his a. cool, detervescat 
ira, Cic.: Vv. WRATH, INDIGNATION. 2) 
iracundia (prop. denoting a@ natural 
proneness to anger, from iracundus; and 
hence, a violent jit of anger): the man 
blazed out with a. and irritation, homo 
exarsit iracundia ac stomacho, Cic.: v. 
IRASCIBILITY, PASSION. 8. bilis, is, f. 
(lit. the bile): that excites one’s a., bilem 
id commovet, Cic.: to vent one’s a., b. 
effundere, Juv.: Vv. BILE. 4, sto- 
michus, i (lit. the stomach, as the reser- 
voir of the bile: v. supr. 3): to laugh in 
the midst of a., in stomacho ridere, Cic. : 
esp. in phr. to excite any one’s a., movere 
alicui stomachum, Cic.: v. VEXATION. 
—(Norte. Both this and the preceding 
word denote rather an ebullition of vex- 
ation, than stern, settledanger.) Phr.: 
to do anything in a., aliquid irate fac- 
ere, Phaedr.: Col.: v. ANGRILY: prone 
to a., iracundus: v. ANGRY. vV. INDIG- 
NATION, FURY, IRRITATION. 

anger (v.): irrito: v. TO IRRITATE, 
PROVOKE, 

34 











J 


ANGUISH 


angina (inflammation of the throat, 
etc.). angina: Pl.: Plin. 

angle (subs.): angulus: an obtuse 
a., a. obtusus, Lucr.: an acute a., a. 
acutus, Plin.: equal (or right) a.s, pares 
anguli, Cic.: a right a. a. normalis, 
Quint. : the meridian cuts the horizon at 
right a.s, meridianus circulus horizonta 
rectis angulis secat, Sen.: the a.s of 
walls, anguli parietum, Plin. (Vitru- 
vius expresses this by the one word, 
versiirae): a sma/l a., angellus, Lucr. 

angle (v.): 1, bhamo piscari : 
Suet. 2. pisces arundine captare : 
thie 2 Ora 3, pisces hamo capere 
(when the fish are actually caught): 
Cic.: v. TO CATCH, FISH FOR. 

angler : piscator (fisherman): Ter.: 
Cic. ioe r.: my father himself was a 
poor man, and used to gain his living as 
an a., pater pauper et ipse fuit, linoqne 
solebat et hamo decipere et calamo sal- 
ientes ducere pisces, Ov.: V. TO ANGLE. 

angler (a species of fish): 1, pis- 
catrix, icis, f. > Plin. 2, *lophius 
piscatorius, Linn. 

anglicism: *anglicismus; linguae 
Anglicae consuetudo propria: loquendi 
genus ab Anglico fonte deductum. 

anglicize: *ex consuetudine linguae 
Anglicae loqui: *Anglicisso (cl. GREEK, 
fin.). 

angling (subs.): expr. by phr.: as, 


font of a., *hamo, arundine piscandi 


studiosus ; or fig., *hamo calamoque de- 
ditus: to get a living by a., *arundine 
hamoque victum quaerere : Vv. TO ANGLE, 

angling-rod: cilanms, arundo: v. 
FISHING-ROD. 

angrily : 1, iracundé: they did 
nothing a: and fiercely, nihil ir. rabiose- 
que fecerunt, Cic.: to spea/c too a., nimis 
ir. dicere, Cic. Q, ivaté: Phaedr.: 
Col.—Nore. There is strictly the same 
difference between iracunde and irate as 
between the corresponding adjectives (v. 
ANGRY): thus irate docere, «ould be to 
teach while in a passion ; iracunde doc- 
ere, habitually to teach with irritabi- 
lity: v. IRRITABLY. Yet practically the 
adverbs are often synonymous. 

angry: 1, iratus: are you at all 
a. with’ me about these matters ? num- 
quid ir. es mihi propter has res? PL : 
Caesar had been very a. with them, 
Caesar illis fuerat iratissimus, Cic.: a. 
gods and poets, irati Di atque poetae, 
Hor.: a. imprecations, iratae preces, 
Hor.: the a. sea, ir. mare, Hor.: the a. 
winds, ir. venti, Prop. Very angry, 
périratus: Mars was very a. with my 


father, fuit Mars meo p. patri, Pl.: 


Cic. Somewhat angry: stibiratus: a 
man somewhat a. with you, homo tibi 
s. Cic.: Vv. INDIGNANT, IRRITATED. 

2. iracundus (prop. prone to 
anger, irascible ; whereas iratus is ac- 
tually angry: but sometimes, esp. in 
the poets, iracundus seems to be equiv. 
to iratus): the a. fleet of Achilles, ir. 
classis Achillei, Hor.: a. thunder-bolts, 
ir. fulmina, Hor.: to be a. with any one, 
ir. in aliquem esse, Cic.: to become a., ir. 
fieri, Cic.: v. rRASCIBLE. Phr.: how 
a. children are with one another for 
slight offences, pueri inter sese quas 
pro levibus noxiis iras gerunt! Ter.: 
v. also TO BE ANGRY. 

——.,, tobe: 1, irascor, 3 (with 
dat. or absol.): a wise man is never a.. 
nunquam sapiens ir., Cic, : to be a. with 
one’s friends, amicis ir., Cic.: to be very 
a., graviter ir., Pl.: to be a. about 
nothing, de nibilo ir., Pl: to be a little 
a.. subirascor : Cic. 9. succenseo, ui, 
sum, 2 (denoting settled, well-grounded 
anger: with dat.): nor in truth have I 
any reason to be a, with them, nec vero 
iis habeo quod succenseam, Cic.: Ter.: 
Caes. 8, stémachor, 1 (to be vexed 
and irritated at: with dat.; prep. cum; 
or clause): when Scipio was a, with Me- 
tellus, Scipio quum stomacharetur cum 
M., Cic.: J was a. with your most de- 
lightful letter at the end, jucundissimis 
tuis literis stomachatus sum in extre- 
mo, Cic.: Vv. TO BE VEXED. 

anguish : 





1, acerbitas: the a. of 


ANIMATED 





extreme grief, a. summi luctus, Cic 
2. angor, Oris, m.: a. of mind, a 
animi, Cic.: to be ove) powered by a., an= 
goribus confici, Cic. Phr.: I hear that 
you are suffering from mental a., audio 
te animo angi, Cic. v. AGONY. 
angular: 1, angilaris, e: an a. 
stone, a. lapis, Cato: Vitr. Q. angii- 
latus: atoms, some circular, others @., 
corpuscula rotunda alia, partim a., Cic. 
3, angiildsus (full of angles): a. 
gems, a. gemmae, Plin. 
: angularity ; *forma s. figura angu- 
aris. 
anhydrous: ‘nhydrus: M.L. 
anile: anilis, e: follies almost a., 
ineptiae pene aniles, Cic.: Virg. 
anilely: aniliter: to speal: superstt- 
tiously and @., superstitiose atque an. 
dicere, Cic. 
anility: Anilitas : Cat. 
animadversion: animadversio : pa- 
ternal a., paterna a., Cic.: all a. and 
punishment should be without insult, 
omnis a. et castigatio contumelia vacare 
debet, Cic.: v. REPROOF, CENSURE. 
animadvert; inimadverto, ti, sum, 
3: the matter was to be a.'d upon by the 
magistrates, res a magistratibus animad- 
vertenda fuit, Cic.; Vv. TO OBSERVE, RE- 
MARK, CENSURE. 
animal (subs.): |. Any living 
creature: ], animal, alis, n,: @ live 
a., a. vivum, Cic.: this provident and 
Sagacious a. which we call man, a. hoc 
providum, sagax, quem vocamus homl- 
nem, Cic.: men who aim at excelling the 
other a.s, homines qui sese student prae- 
stare ceteris a., Sall.: that animal (con- 
temptuously of a man), illuda.,Cic. Q, 
animans, antis (m.f. and n.): every kind 
of a.s, genus omne animantum, Lucr.: 
a.s which are known to us, quae sunt 
nobis nota animantia, Cic. I. An ir- 
rational animal: 1, pécus, iidis, f. 
(esp. of domestic animals): the constitu- 
tion of man surpasses (that of) the do- 
mestic a.s and other beasts, natura homi- 
nis p. reliquisque bestiis antecedit, Cic. : 
the races of wild a.s, genera pecudum 
ferarum, Varr. 9. féra (a wild ani- 
mal): many kinds of wild a.s, multa 
genera ferarum, Caes.: wild a.s lurk in 
the woods, latent silvis ferae, Hor.: Cic. 
3. pécus, oris, n. (collective): bris- 
tle-bearing a.s, setigerum pecus, Ov.: 
Slying animals, volatile p., Col.: v. 
CATTLE, FLOCKS. 4, férus (= féra): 
Virg.: Phaedr.: v. BEAST, BRUTE. 
animal (adj.): animalis, e: a. bodies, 
a, corpora, Lucr.: Cic. Phr.: a. ap- 
petites, animalium appetitiones natu- 
rales (cf. Cic. N. D. 3, 13, 33); animan- 
tium appetitus, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11: a. life, 
vita animalium: the a. kingdom, ani- 
mantium genera omnia: a. food, caro, 
carnis, f.: V. MEAT: a. pleasures, cor- 
poris voluptates, Cic. 
animalcule: *adeo immensae sub- 
tilitatis animal ut oculis solis cerni non 
possit ; *minutissimum quoddam animal 
et cujus cerni non possit exilitas (cf. 
Plin. 11, 1): in the passage referred to 
the smallest creaturesare described as, 
immensae subtilitatis animalia. The dim. 
animalculum has no ancient authority, 
but may be used as scient. t. t. 
animate (v.): |. To give life to: 
animo, 1; the stars a.d by divine souls, 
stellae divinis animatae mentibus, Cic.: 
he a.d the drops into snakes, guttas ani- 
mavit in angues, Ov. Phr.: he a.dthe 
body with a soul, animum conclusit in 
corpore, Cic. |]. To inspirit, incite: 
1, hortor,1- v. TO ENcoURAGE. 2, 
fovéo, fovi, fotum, 2: the people looking 
on a.d first these then the others by shout- 
ing and applause, spectator populus hos 
rursus illos clamore et plausu fovebat, 
Tac.: they a.d them with well-nigh cer- 
tain hope, prope certa fovebant spe, Liv. : 
V. TO ENCOURAGE, INCITE, INSPIRE WITH. 
animate (adj.): v. ANIMATED. 
animated (adj. and part.): |, 
Endoned with life: ]. animans, an- 
tis: the world is a., mundus est anl- 
mans, Cic.: not even to grant that the 
gods are a., ne a, quidem esse deos con- 


ANIMATING 


ANNOUNCE 


ANNUITY 





cedere,Cic. 2, animalis, e: a. bodies, 
a. corpora, Lucr.: a, links (of bodies), 
vineula a., Cic.: an a. intelligence per- 
vades all things, quaedam a. intelligentia 
omnia per omnia permeat et transit, Cic. 
I]. Lively, vigorous: 1, vividus: 

a, statues (i.e. life-like), v. signa, Prop. 
(Virg.’s spirantia aera); an a. image, 
v. imago, Claud.: a. epigrams, v. epi- 
grammata, Mart. 2. végétus: black 
a. eyes, nigri vegetique oculi, Suet.: the 
bull has a more a. look, tauro vegetior 
aspectus, Col.: fig.: this interval o/ time 
is the most a. (i.e., busy, full of life) 
with the farmer,-hoc intervallum vege- 
tissimum agricolis, Plin.; Vv. FRESH, 
LIvELy. — Nore. Vividus refers rather 
to vigour, vegetus to liveliness and ac- 
tivity. 8, véhémens, ntis (stronger 
than the preceding: v. FORCIBLE): a 
vigorous and a. spealcer, orator acer et 
v., Cic.: an a. spealcer, v. orator, Cic. : 
a@ vigorous and a. speech, acris et v. 
oratio, Quint. 4, alacer: v. BRISK, 
ACTIVE. I]. Actuated by certain feel- 
tings : animatus: I have always been a. 
towards you by the kindliest feelings, 
erga vos omni tempore optime fui a, 
Cic.: we see thut the state is a. towards 
you just as it has been treated by you, 
civitatem ut abs te affecta est, ita in te 
esse animatam videmus, Cic. (Yo be 
a. by certain feelings =to entertain 
them: q.v.). 

animating (a/7j.): hortans: stimil- 
ans : Vv. ENCOURAGING. 

animation: |. The bestowal of 
life: animativ: divine a., divina a., 
Cic. Univ. 10: the a. of a tree, a. arboris, 
Tert. Phr.: after the a. of the body 
he bestowed on it intelligence, animo in 
corpore concluso, intelligentiam in ani- 
mo conclusit, Cic. Univ. 3. Il. Life: 
q.v. Il]. Liveliness, vigour : ie 
Vigor, vis, véhémentia: all somewhat 
stronger than the English: v. vicour, 
ENERGY, FORCE. 2. contentio (only 
of animation in speech): the utmost 
vigour and a.is commendable (as opp. 
to lenitas), summa vis et c. probatur, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255. 3. spiritus, tis, 
m.: V.SPIRIT. 4, ardor: i.e. ardour, 
eagerness: q. V. 5, argitiae, arum 
(of works of art): Parrhasius first 
showed a. of features (in his works), 
Parrhasius primus dedit argutias vul- 
tus, Plin. Phr.: to speak with a., ve- 
hementer dicere, Cic.: Quint.- an ovator 
should have a., oratorem decet vegetum, 
vividum esse ; v. ANIMATED (11). 

animosity: 1. simultas (usu. in 
plu.): he had abandoned the a. which 
he entertained against me, simultates 
quas mecum habebat deposuerat, Cic. : 
they strove for preferment with the 
greatest (mutual) a., de loco summis si- 
multatibus contendebant, Caes.: to pro- 
voke a., 8. provocare, Quint.: to cherish 
a., Ss. nutrire, I'ac. 9. acerbitas: to 
vomit the venom of one's a. against any 
one, evomere acerbitatis virus in ali- 
quem, Cic.: Vv. BITTERNESS. 3. ira- 
cundia (prop. pronenvss to anger ; but 
often used of vehement animosity): v. 
PASSION, ANGER. 

anise: ainisum: Plin. : aniseed, anisi 
semina, Plin. 

ankle, ankle-bone: talus: Cels.: 
Ov.: the ankles, talaria, jum. Sen.: a 
tunic eaching down to the anicles, tunica 
talaris, Cic. 

anklet: périscélis, idis, f.: Hor. 

anmnalist; annalium scriptor: vy. 
ANNALS, 

annals: annalés, ium, m.: the draw- 
ing up of a.s, annalium confectio, Cic. . 
the a.s of the Roman people, an. populi 
R.. Cic.: meagrely written a.s, an. exi- 
liter scripti, Cic.: v. HISTORY. 

annats: primitiae: v. FIRST-FRUITS. 

anneal: |. Zo temper metals: 

1, tempéro, 1: other kinds of tvon 

are a.’d from pure steel, alia genera ferri 
eX mera acie temperantur, Plin. 34, 14, 
4l. 2, exciqno, coxi, coctum, 3: fire 
a.s iron, ferrum ex. ignis, Ov. M. 14, 
912: the hardest iron is a.’d in furnaces 
an order to harden its edge, nucleus ferri 





excoquitur in fornacibus ad induran- 
dam aciem, Plin. l.c. But annealing 
is otten practised to render a metal more 
pliable: to expr. this we may perhaps 
use “temperare atque mollire ; or ita 
temperare ut (metallum) fiexibile fiat; 
V. ANNEALING. ||. Zo paint on glass, 
burning the colours in ; *vitrum tingere ; 
(vitro) picturam inurere; encausta (in 
Vitro) pingere : Plin.: v. ENCAUSTIC 
PAINTING. 

annealing (subs.) : |. Temper- 
ing: tempéramentum: the a. of glass 
so as to render it flexible, vitri t. ut 
flexibile sit, Plin. 36, 66. I]. Zhe art 
of encaustic glass-painting: ars vitri 
tingendi: v. TO ANNEAL (11). 

annex: |. Zo unite to: 1; 
annecto, nexui, nexum, 3: a clause a.’d 
to a speech, membrum annexum orationi, 
Cic.: V. TO JOIN, UNITE. 9. addo: 
v.To app, Phr.: to a. land to land, 
agros continuare (continuare domos, 
Sall.), Liv.; longos jungere fines agro- 
rum, Lucan; to a. nations (to one’s do- 
minion), (gentes) jungere, Liv. 21, 5 
init. I]. Zo subjoin : suppono, posi, 
positum, 3: toa.a copy of a letter, ex- 


emplum epistolae s., Cic.: v. TO SUBJOIN. | 
annexation: adjectio: the a. of the 


Alban people, ad. populi Albani, Liv. : 
or expr. by ger. of adjiciv, jungo, etc.: 
V. TO ANNEX, JOIN. V. UNION, AVDITION, 
annihilate: |. Zo reduce to no- 
thing: ad nilrevocare, Lucr. 1, 267: to 
be a.d, in nihilum occidere, or interire ; 
ad nihilum venire or recidere, Cic. Il. 
To destioy completely : 1, déléo, lévi, 
letum, 2: the enemy were scattered and 
almost a.d, hostes dispersi ac pene deleti 
sunt, Caes.: men a.d by death, homines 
morte deleti, Cic, 2. extinguo, stinxi, 
stinctum, 3; the nation was utterly a.d, 
a stirpe exstincta gens, Liv.: Cic. Phr.: 
the nation and name of the Nervit having 
been almost a.d, prope ad internecionem 
gente ac nomine Nerviorum redacto, 
Caes.: f0 be utterly a.d (of a city), fun- 
ditus perire, Hor.: v. TO DESTROY. 
annihilation : 1, exstinctio : 


that last day will bring not a. but | 








change of place, supremus ille dies non | 


ex. sed ccmmutationem afferet loci, Cic. 
2. internécio: the a. of an army, int. 
exercitus, Caes.: ‘ac. : V. DESTRUCTION. 
annihilator: exstinctor: Cic. 
anniversary (@4j.): 
sarius: a. religious services, an. sacra, 
Cie. 2. anniius: annua sacra, Virg. 
3. sollennis, e: ana. and establi. hed 
sacrifice, s. et statum sacrificium, Cic. 
(cf. Liv. 1, 31). 
anniversary (subs.): 
tempora: Luer: 
versarius; the Suracusans keep the a.s, 
Syracusani festos dies an. agunt, Cic. 
8, dies festus atque sollennis: Cic. 
Pis. 22, 51. 
annotate: 1, anndto,1: thebook 
was read, was a.d, liber legebatur, an- 
notabatur, Plin. 2. commentor, 1: 
to a. poems, carmina c., Suet. 
annotation: ], anndtatio: Tam 
expecting my bool from you with your 
a.s,a te librum meum cum annotationi- 
bus tuis exspecto, Plin. 2, commenta- 
rium: the grammarians who have com- 
posed a.s on Virgil, grammatici qui com- 
mentaria in Virgilium composuerunt, 
Gell.: Suet. 3, anndtatiunciila c 
short an.) : Gell.; Vv. COMMENTARY. 
*nota: used in this sense by modern 
commentators only. 
annotator: commentariorum or an- 
notationum scriptor: v. ANNOTATION. 
announce: 1, nuntio, 1: those 
who wish to bring good news add 
some invention of their own to make 
what they a. more joyful, qui boni quid 
volunt afferre, affingunt aliquid quo fa- 
ciant id quod nuntiant laetius, Cic.: toa. 
the hours, horas n., Mart. 2. dénun- 
tio, 1 (generally of what is threatened) : 
head that he was ready for everything, 
se ad omnia paratum denuntiavit, Cic. : 
those weapons do not a, danger fer us. 
but protectin, illa arma non pericula 
nobis sed praesidium d., Cic. 3. pré- 


1. annua 


], anniver- | 


2. testus dies anni- | 








nuntlo, t (of public announcements): 
he openly a.s that he uill receive his 
name, palam pronuntiat sese ejus nomen 
recepturum, Cic.: the gurymen a. their 
verdict, judices sententiam pr., Cic.: to 
a. a battle jor the next day, praelium in 
posterum diem pr., Liv. 4, praenuntio, 
1: (to announce beforehand): go, a. that 
she will come, abi, praenuntia hane ven- 
turam, ‘ler. 5, rénuntio, 1 (to ree 
port: q.v.: and esp. of announcing to the 
people names of successful candidates) : 
toa. any ene’s election as pi actor, con- 
sul, etc., aliquem praetorem, consulem 
r., Cic.: Liv. 6. perféro, tili, la 
tum, 3 (to convey news): (aesar’s suc 
cesses were a.d by messengers and letters, 
Caesaris secundae res nuntiis ac literis 
perferebantur, Caes. 7. proscribo, 
scripsi, scriptum, 3 (of public written 
a.s): to a.a law, legem p..Cic.: Tac: 
V. TO REPORT, ADVERTISE, PUBLISH. 

announcement: 1, _nuntlatio 
(rare, and us ¢.t.): Cic.: Dig.: 7A. 
dénntiatio: an a. of misfortunes, d. ca- 
lainitatum, Cic. ; 3. Ténuntiatio (cf. 
to announce, 5): an a. of the votes, r. 
suffragiorum, Cic.: Ulp. 4, pronun- 
tiatio: to make an a., p. facere, Caes.: 
V. DECLARATION, PUBLICATION, ADVER- 
TISEMENT, 

announcer: nuntius: vy. REPORTER, 
MESSENGER. 

annoy: malé habéo, 2: this a.s the 
man, hot male habet virum, Ter.: to a. 
the enemies’ line of maich, agmen ad- 
versariorum male h., Caes.: v. TO VEX, 
HARASS, TEASE. 

annoyance: 1, modlestia: to be 
subject to the greatest a., in maximis 
molestiis esse, Cic.: to give uny one a., 
alicui m. facere, exhibere, Cic.: v. 
TROUBLE. 2. vexatio: they advanced 
exposed to every Icind of a., cum omni 
genere vexationis processerunt, Liv.: 
Cic.: V. VBXATION, DISCOMFORT. 

annoyed, to be: 1. midlesté s. 
graviter féro, tuli, latum, 3 (with ace.}: 
they were a. at the army wintering in 
Gaul, exercitum in Gallia hiemare m. 
ferebant, Caes.: Jam very much a. that 
I don't know where I shall see you, mo- 
lestissime fero quod te ubi visurus sim 
nescio, Cic.: to be grievously a. at any- 
thing, graviter et acerbe aliquid ferre, 
Cic. (similarly graviter accipere, Cic.). 

> stomiachor, 1 (of peevish, fretful 

irritation: with dat. of person or with 
cum, etc.); to bea. at a nail ill-pared, 
prave sectum s. ob unguem, Hor.: 
with acc. of neut. pron.: to be a. at 
everything, omnia s., Cic.: V. TO CHAFE, 
BE VEXED. 

annoyer : vexator, Cic. 

annoying (#/j.): 1, mélestus: 
there are some people who mate (even) 
friendships a., sunt quidam qui mules- 
tas amicitias faciunt, Cic.: v. TROUBLE- 
SOME, VEXATIOUS. 2, ddidsus: ttisa. 
and vexatious, od.et molestum est, Cic.: 
Pl.: very a., pérddidsus: a very a. in- 
Jjlammation of the eyes, p.lippitudo, Cic. 

annual: 1, anniversarius, that 
occurs every year: a. religious services, 
a, sacra, Cic. 2. annius (also lasting 
a year): a. chanyes, a. commutationea 
Cic.: the a. labour of husbandmen, a. 
labor agricolarum, Cic. 

annual (subs.) : |. A plant: 
*herba annua. ||. A book appearing 
annually: *annalis liber, or annélis, 
is, m. 

annually: qudtannis: to pay tri- 
bute a., stipendium q. pendere, Caes. 
Phr.: the sun males tuo turns a., sol 
binas in singulis annis reversiones facit, 
Cic.: to renew interest a. (i.e. to take 
cumpound interest), fenus in singulos 
annos renovare, Cic.: the chief magis- 
trate is appointed -., summus magis- 
tratus creatur annu is, Caes. 

annuitant: ‘*cui annua pecunia 
pruestatur, praebetur, ministratur. 

annuity: 1, anniia pécinia: the 
a. was provided by Anteius, annua p. ab 
Anteio ministrabatur, Tac. : the emperor 
settledan a. on Cotta, Cottae a. p. statuit 
princeps, Tac. 2. annua, orum: he 

35 


ANNUL 


_——————————— 


defrauded his wife of the a. provided for 
her, uxorem praebitis annuis fraudavit, 
Suet.: Sen. 3. annium: to be- 
queath an a. to any one, alicui an. relin- 
quere, Papin. Dig. Phr.: L. Apuleius 
was engaged by Calvinus for an a. of 
400,000 sesterces, L, Apuleius a Calvino 
quadringenis annuis conductus est, Suet. 
annul: 1, convello, velli, vul- 
sum, 3: toa. legal sentences, contacts, 
etc., judicia, stipulationes c., Cic.; to a. 
the acts of Dolabella, acta Dolabellae c., 
Cic. (also acta dissolvere, pro nibilo ha- 
bere, Cic.; a. rescindere, Suet.). OA 
déléo, lévi, létum, 2: to a. all the laws 
by a single bill, omnes leges una roga- 
tione d., Cic. 8. infirmo, 1: to a. a 
law, legem in., Liv.: Quint.: to a. @ 
contract, contractum in., Dig. 4, in- 
diico, xi, ctum, 3 (prop. to draw the 
stylus over something written in wax: 
hence to cancel, annul): to a.a decree 
of the senate, senatus consultum ind., 
Cic. : to a. contracts, locationes ind., Cic. 
5, rétexo, xui, xtum, 3: loa. a prae- 
torship, praeturam r., Cic. 6, rum- 
po, ripi, ruptum, 3: ¢o a. a will, testa- 
mentum r., Cic.: to a. edicts, edicta r., 
Hor. 7, tollo, sustili, sublatum, 3: 
to a. sentences, judicia t., Cic.: v. TO 
ABOLISH, RESCIND, REPEAL. 
annular: *instar anuli (ann.): an 
a. eclipse, *talis defectio solis ut (ad) 
instar anuli appareat : as tech. t., *defec- 
tio solis annularis. (It ‘cs remarkable 
that Seneca when noticing the different 
kinds of solar eclipses, mentions the total 
and the partial, but not the annular: 
N.Q. 1, 12, 2). 
annulet (in arch.): aniilus: Vitr. 
annulling 1, infirmatio: the 
annulment a of decisions, in. re- 
rum judicatarum, Cic. 9, abdlitio: 
the a. of a law, legis ab., Suet. 3: 
Expr. by part. of verb: as, wishing 
for an a. of the contract, cupidus loca- 
tionis inducendae: v. TO ANNUL. 
annunciation: (only used with ref. 
to the Virgin Mary): annuntiatio B.V. 
(Beatae Virginis) Mariae: Eccl. 
anodyne (subs.): 1, andd¥non 
médicamentum: Cels. 9, anodynon : 
Marc. Emp.: v. ANAESTHETIC. 
anodyne (adj.): anodynos: Cels. 
anoint; 1. ungo (unguo), unxi, 
unctum, 3 (the most gen. term, and used 
of anointing the person in whole or 
part ; also with reference to corpses and 
inanimate objects): he a.’d himself; he 
took a siesta, unctus est; accubuit, Cic. : 
to a.a statue of Diana with unguents, 
Dianam unguentis u., Cic. : toa. the head, 
caput u., Hor.: toa. a person’s limbs, 
corpse (for burial or the pyre), artus, 
corpus, u., Ov. 9, inungo, 3 (esp. 
of anointing diseased or weak eyes): 
to a. the eyes, oculos in., Varr. : to have 
one’s eyesa.’d, inungi, Hor.: to a. statues 
on festive days, in. signa festis diebus, 
Plin. 8, pérungo, 3 (to anoint all 
over): to a. bodies with oil, corpora oleo 
p., Cic.; Hor.: v. TO BESMEAR. 
anointer; unctor: Cic.: Mart. 
anointing (swvbs.): unctio: PI.: 
Cic. (or expr. by ger., etc., of verb: v. 
TO ANOINT). 
anomalous: anomilus: a. nouns, 
an. nomina, Diom.: Prisc.: v. IBRE- 
GULAR. | 
anomaly: indmilia: neither a. nor 
analoyy is to be rejected, neque an. neque 
analogia est repudianda, Varr.: v. IRRE- 
GULARITY. 


anon: |. Immediately, presently, 
q. v.; statim. ||. Sometimes, q. v.: 
interdum. 

anonymous: Pbhr-.: the letter was 


a., literae erant scriptae sine nomine, 
Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 12: ana. document, pro- 
positus sine auctore libellus, Plin. 10, 96, 
5: @. poems, carmina incertis auctoribus 
vulgata, Tac. A. £. 72: very noto- 
rious a. verses, sine auctore notissimi 
versus, Suet. 

anonymously: Phr.: the work was 
published a., liber sine auctoris nomine 
editus s. propositus est: v. ANONYMOUS. 

another: J, alius: itis one thing 

36 





ANSWER 


ANT 





to slander, a. to accuse, aliud est male- 
dicere, aliud accusare, Cic.; some orna- 
ments in one place, others in a., orna- 
menta alia alio in loco, Cic.: one man 
thinks pleasure a good, a. money, putat 
aliquis esse voluptatem bonum,; alius 
autem pecuniam, Cic.: to contrive de- 
lays one after a., alias ex aliis nectere 
moras, Liv.: one crime after a., aliud 
super aliud scelus, Liv.: ke procured for 
himself one office after a., magistratum 
alium post alium sibi peperit, Sall. 
With an adverb denoting addition= 
une more: a. row is added, alius insuper 
ordo adjicitur, Caes.: he said that he and 
a. had been made magistrates, se et 
alium praeterea factos esse magistratus 
dixit (cf. Cic. Clu. 8, 25). 9. alter 
(only with reference to a single other 
person or thing; v. OTHER, THE): he does 
nothing for the sake of a. person, nihil 
alterius causa facit, Cic.: lest any legion 
should come to the support of a., ne qua 
legio alteri legioni subsidio veniret, 
Caes.: Hor.: Hamileay, a. Mavs, Ha- 
milcar, Mars alter, Liv.: he respects 
me as a. parent, me sicut alterum pa- 
rentem observat, Cic.: v.SECOND. Phr.: 
at a. time, Alias, Cic.: ‘Ter.: on a. day, 
formula of deferring business), alio die, 


ic.: in a. place, alibi, Cic.: Liv.: to a. | 


place, alid, Cic.: Ver.: in a. direction, 
aliorsum, Pl.: Gell.: in a. way, alitér, 
Cic.: to grant just a. day, insuper unum 
diem concedere: v. MORE. See also the 
foll. article. 

another, one (reciprocal): usu. ex- 
pressed by the reflective pronouns de- 
pendent on inter: they give a pledge and. 
an oath to one a., inter se fidem et jus- 
jurandum dant, Caes.: the children love 
ome @., pueri amant inter se, Cic.: they 
were stealthily looking at one a.., illi fur- 
tim inter se aspiciebant, Cic.: ow only 
hope of safety is the disagreement of 
those persons with one a., una spes Sa- 
lutis est istorum inter ipsos dissentio, 
Cic.: the men are not even known to one 
a., homines inter se ne noti quidem sunt, 
Pomp. ap. Cic.: let us be more intimate 
with one a., ipsi inter nos conjunctiores 
simus, Cic. It is sometimes expressed 
(i) by asubst.: the association of men 
with one a., hominum inter homines so- 
cietas, Cic. (ii) by alius repeated in a 
different case: we ask one a. whose ship 
it is, alius alium percontamur cuja est 
navis, PL: they ask one a. the cause of 
the disturbance, alius ex alio causam tu- 
multus quaerit, Caes.: they may be of 
use to one a., ipsi inter se alii aliis pro- 
desse possunt, Cic. 

another’s (i.e. belonying to another 
person): aliénus: the charge of a.’s af- 
fairs is troublesome, difficilis est cura 
rerum alienarum, Cic.: a.’s wt/e capti- 
vates you, te aliena conjux capit, Hor. 

answer (v.) |. To speak or 
write with reference to what has pre- 
viously been spoken or written: i 
respondéo, di, sum, 2: (of both speak- 
ing and writing: with dat. of person; 
acc. of thing, with ad): to a. ques- 
tions, ad interrogata r., Cic.: J will a. 
you point by point, ego tibi respondebo 
ad singula, Cic.: Aelius a.’d the speech, 
orationi respondit Aelius, Cic.: to a. a 
person who asks for one's advice on a 
point of law, de jure consulenti r., Cic. : 
Twill first a. your last page, respondebo 
primum postremae tuae paginae, Cic.: 
to a. arguments, argumentis r., Cic.: he 
a.’d the ambassadors that he would tale 
time to deliberate, legatis respondit diem 
se ad deliberandum sumpturum, Caes. : 
also absol.: they often du not a. at the 
time, saepe non respondent ad tempus, 
Cic.: I 7vose to a., ad respondendum sur- 
rexi, Cic.: I will a, for Brutus, (i.e. as 
his representative), pro Bruto respon- 
debo, Cic.: no one a.’d to his name, ad 
nomen nemo respondebat, Liv.: they a.'d 
that the Rhine was the boundary of the 
Roman empire, responderunt populi R. 
imperium Rhenum finire, Caes. 2. 
rescribo, scripsi, scriptum, 3 (only of 
written answers: with ad or dat.): in 
this letter Ihave a.’d that which I had 








received, his literis ad eas rescripsi quas 
acceperam, Cic.: a letter from Pompey 
was delivered tome; I immediately a.’d 
him, redditae mihi literae sunt a Pom- 
peio: ei statim rescripsi, Cic. 3. ré- 
féro, tuli, latum, 3 (rare): toa. a plea, 
defensioni r., Cic.: Ja. you, tibi refero, 
Cic.: Anna a.s, A. refert, Virg.: v. TO RE- 
PLY. II. Zo correspond to : respondéo, 
2: your good qualities a. the expectation 
of men, tua virtus opinioni hominum r., 
Cic.: our good will towards our jriends 
fully a.s their good will towards us, nos- 
tra in amicos benevolentia illorum erga 
nos benevolentiae pariter aequaliterque 
r., Cic. : V. TO CORRESPOND, AGREE. [I], 
To operate or succeed agreeably to our ex- 
pectations : respondeo : the double vine 
does not a. well, except in rich soil, 
gemella vitis non respondet, nisi in 
praepingui solo, Col.: vines a. better 
(when propagated by) the layer, melius 
propagine vites r., Virg.: so of remedies 
which a, their purpose: Cels.: Vv. TO 
SUCCEED. IV. 10 pay, satisfy; q. Vv. 
Phr.: the fire of our ships a.d that of 
the enemy, *a nostris acriter est respon- 
sum telis ex hostium navibus conjectis : 
the ship having been drawn into the 
whirlpools did not a. its helm, vortici- 
bus intorta navis gubernaculi impatiens 


erat, Curt. V. To solve; q. v.: cred- 
itoribus satisfacere, 
—— for: |. To be surety for - 


1, praesto, stiti, stitum or statumi, 1 
(with acc. of object) : to a. to the state fur 
one s agents, ministros suos reipublicar 
p., Cic.: which I can a. for as to mysel/, 
quod de me p. possum, Cic.: who could 
a. for there being no pirates ? praedones 
nullos fore quis p. poterat? Cic. 
récipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: I will a. for 
Cassius and you, pro Cassio et te recip- 
iam, Cic.: Vv. SURETY. |]. Zo serve 
for, be instead of : Phr.: these hedges 
a. for a wall, hae sepes instar muri sunt, 
Caes.: the place will a. for drawing up 
the army, locus ad aciem instruendam 
idoneus erit, Caes. : V. USEFUL, SUITABLE. 

answer (subs.): |. A reply: 

1, responsum : a.s to demands, pos- 
tulatis responsa, Caes.: to give an a. 
to any one, alicui r. reddere, Cic.: the 
a. of the senate, r. senatus, Liv.: to re- 
ceive an a., Tr. ferre, Cic.: to beg for an 
a.,r. petere, Hor. 2. responsio (less 
frequent): an interpretation not deserv- 
ing of an a., interpretatio indigna re- 
sponsione, Cic.: an a. to one’s own. ar- 
guments, sibi ipsi r.,Cic. Phr.: they 
say that you give no a., te nihil re- 
spondere dicunt, Cic.: let him take care 
what a. he gives about them, videat 
quid de illis respondeat, Cic.: to give 
an a. on a point of law, de jure re- 
spondere, Cic.: if I were to decline to 
give an a. to the senator when he asks a 
question, I should seem proud, interro- 
ganti senatori si reticeam, superbus vid- 
ear, Liv. |], A legal reply: détensio: 
an a. toa charge, crimini d., Cic.: the 
whole of what you have said admits of 
a short a., ad istam omnem orationem 
brevis est defensio, Cic.: the a. of Cicero 
d. Ciceronis, Suet.. Plin. lil. 4 solu- 
tion (of a problem): q. Vv. 

answerable: |. That can be an- 
swered: Phr.: an a, argument, argu- 
mentum cui responderi potest. I. 
Responsible; réus (v. rare): proper 
places must be assigned to the command- 
ing officers, so that each mun may be a. 


for guarding his oun post, opportuna 


loca dividenda praefectis sunt ut suae 
quisque partis tutandae reus sit, Liv. : 
Virg.: Vv. ACCOUNTABLE, RESPONSIBLE, 
II]. Correspondent, proportionate, 

suited: q. V.: consentaneus: conveén- 
iens. 

answerably : v. CONFORMABLY, PRO- 
PORTIONATELY. 

answerer : responsor : Pl. : respond- 
ens (in apposition with some subs. 
expr. or understodd):; qui respondet : v. 
TO ANSWER. 

ant: iormica: Cic.: Hor.: abound- 
ing in ants, formicdsus: as, arbor for- 
micosa, Plin.: a small and, formicila, 





F, 


ie Molt 


* 





ee ee a 


ANT-EATER 


AVN De PA TH Y. 


ANTIQUITY 





Apul. ; ants’ eggs, ova formicarum ice 
Virg. G. 1, 379). an ant-hill, *grimilus 


formicarum, 
ant-eater: myrmécdphiiga: Linn. 
antacid: antacidus, a, um: M. L. 


antae (corner-pillars): antae, arum 


(v. Dict. Ant. s, v.): Vitr. 


antagonism: adversitas- there is 
great a. between scorpions and lizards, 
magna a. scorpionibus et stellionibus 
est, Plin.. antagdnismus, i, M.L.: v. 


OPPOSITION, HOSTILITY. 


antagonist: adversarius: Cic.: a 
female a., adversatrix, Icis: Pl. : Ter: 
Phr.: to 
refute the arguments of ana., adversaria 
argumenta evertere, Cic,; v. OPPONENT, 


antagonista, ae, m.: Hier, 


ADVERSARY, 
antagonist (adj.): v. anTacoyts- 
zoe 


bhr.: an a. inuscle, *musculus 


alteri musculo in actione oppositus: 
antagonista, ae, m.: (Mayne), 
antagonistic : contrarius: things 
mutually a., inter se contraria, Cic.: a 
vice a. to that virtue, illi virtuti ec. viti- 
um, Quint.: v. opposep, 
antarctic: antarcticus: Hyg, 
antecede: praceo. v. TO PRECEDE. 
antecedence: v. PRECEDENCE. 
antecedent (adj.): antécédens, 
entis: a, causes, causae a., Cic.: v. 


PREVIOUS. : 
antecedent (subs.): J, In philos. 
@ cause; antécédens, entis, n.. ante- 


cedents, consequents, antecedentia, con- 
sequentia, Cic. 2, antécessio: man 


ty mot ignorant of the antecedents of 


things, homo rerum antecessiones non 
ignorat, Cic. 3. praecurrens, entis, 
n.: the commencements, and us it were 
the a.s of things, primordia rerum et 
quasi praecurrentia, Cic. |], In gram. : 
“nomen antecedens. 

antecedently : v. previousty. 

antechamber: 1, 4tridlum (a 
smaller and adjoining atrium): Cic. 
Att. 1, Io. 2, procoeton, dnis, m. (to 
@ bed-room) : Plin, 

antedate: Phr.: to a. a letter, in 
literis diem vero antiquiorem ascribere 
(cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3). 

antediluvian (adj. and subs.): qui 
ante diluvium fuit (Sulp. Sev. 1, 4 uses 
diluvium for the general or Noachic 
deluge). 

antelove: *antilpe: Pallas: *anti- 
lopus. *cipricerva. 

antenna (of insects): antenna: M.L. 

antenuptial ; anténuptidlis,e: Just, 
Novell. 

antepenult: syllaba antépenulti- 
ma: Capell. 

antepenultimate (acj.): ant®pen- 


ultimus: Dion. 
anterior: L. More forward (in 
the a. part, a. 


place): 1, anticus: 
pars, Varr.: Cic. 2, antérior: Amm.: 
Sulp. Sev.: v. Fore. Il. Preceding 
(in time): v. PREviovs. 

ante-room: Vv. ANTECHAMBER, 

anthelmintic: anthelminticus : M.L. 

anthem: canticum sacrum; *hym- 
nus elatior: V. SONG, HYMN, 

eoeher ae an M.L. 

anthology: . anthdligica, orum: 
Plin. 9 banthdlouia ML. 

anthony’s fire: piisiila: Col.: v. 
ERYSIPELAS, 

anthracite: anthriacites, ae, m.: M L. 

anthropophagi: anthropophagi: 

«2 V. CANNIBAL, 

antibacchius: antibacchius pes: 
Ter. Maur.: Diom. 

antichrist: antichristus: Lact, : 
Tert. 


antichristian : *antichristianus ; 
*quod Christo et doctrinae ejus adver- 
satur. 

anticipate: J, 70 interfere with, 
$0 as to prevent : 1, praevénio, véni, 
ventum, 4: death ad him while brood- 
ing over such plans, talia agentem mors 
praevenit, Suet. 9, praeverto, ti, sum, 
3: he said, the fates a. me, praevertunt, 
inquit, me fata, Ov.: Liv. 3, anté- 
verto, 3: Fannius a.d (me), Fannius 
antevertit, Cic. 4, occiipo, t: Thave 
@d thee. Fortune; I have barred up 






















every access, occupavi te, Fortuna ; inter- 
clusi omnes aditus, Cic.: since another 
had a.d me, so that I could not be the 
Jirst, quoniam occuparat alter, ne pri- 
mus forem, Phaedr. 5. praeoccipo, 
1: for fear that one might a. the other 
(and cut him off), ne alter alterum prae- 
oceupet, Nep. — [J, To take or do before 
the proper time: 1, anticipo, 1: to 
a. death, mortem a., Suet.: the secular 
games were ad, seculares anticipati 
(sunt), Suet.: you a. the annoyance of 
that affair, ejus rei molestiam anticipas, 
Cie. OF praesimo, sumpsi, sumptum, 
3: toa. the duties of heirs, heredum 
Officia p., Plin.: Tac. 3. praecerpo, 
psi, ptum, 3 (rare): anticipated joy, 
praecerpta laetitia, Liv. Cic. 4, prae- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 : already they men- 
tally a.d victory, jam animo victoriam 
praecipiebant, Caes. 5, occiipo, 1 
(rare in this sense, and chiefly poet.): to 
a. crime, i.e. to doit before another, o. 
facinus, Sen. poet.: to a. prayers, i.e. 
pray before another, occupare precari, 
Sen. : Scipio a.d him (Hannibal) incross- 
ing the Po, occupavit Scipio Padum tra- 
jicere, Liv. 6, praeocciipo, 1+ your 
speech has ad all that I meant to say, 
quas mihi ipse partes sumpseram, prae- 
occupavit oratio tua, Cic.: the consuls 
a.d (the tribunes) in bringing forward a 
law, legem consules praeoccupaverunt 
ferre, Liy. Ill. Zo foresee and take 
measures in reference to what is fore- 
seen: 1, antévénio, 4: toa. the ene- 
mies’ plans, consilia hostium a., Sall. 
2, antéverto; 3: to a. condemnation 
by taking poison, damnationem veneno 
a., Tac. 3, ant&Zo, 4: he a.d his con- 
demnation, damnationem anteiit, Tac. 
4, praecipio, 3: to a. the enemies’ 
plans, consilia hostium p., Cic. 5, prae- 
venio, 4: he ad the wish of the ple- 
beians, desiderium plebis praevenit, Liv. 
IV. Not to wait for: 1, antécapio, 
3: toad. the night, noctema.,Sall. 9. 
antéGo, 4: you have a.d my age by your 
honours, aetatem meam honoribus ves- 
tris anteistis, Liv. 
anticipating, not: 1, impridens, 
entis: they attack the enemy, not a. or 
expecting them, imprudentes atque ino- 
pinantes hostes aggrediuntur, Caes, : 
Cic. 2, improvidus (with gen.): the 
Romans were approaching, not a. the 
coming contest, im. futuri certaminis 
Romanus veniebat, Liv.: Cic. 
anticipation: |, A ¢alcing before- 
and: 1, antéocctipatio (only of an 
expected objection) : Cic. 2. prae- 
sumptio (the same): Quint. i}. 4 
Foretaste or Soreseeing : praesumptio : 
the mere a. of what you desire to get is 
pleasant, rerum quas assequi cupias, p. 
ipsa jucunda est, Plin. 
anticipatory: Phr.: “ prophecy be- 
ing an a. history,” (More), *praedictio 
(prophetia, Tert.), utpote quae in his- 
toria praesumenda consistit, 
anticlimax : *retrogradatio ; climax 
s. gradatio inversa: v. CLIMAX. 
antics: *motus ridiculi, 07 motus 
sannionis (ef. Virg. G. 1, 350, det motus 
incompositos). 
antidote: 1, antidétum, or anti- 
ddtus, i, f. (lit. and fig.): Cels.: Suet. 
2, iexipharmacon: Plin. 3, the- 
Tifica (against the bite of serpents) : Plin, 
antilogarithm: antilogarithmus : 
M.L. 
antimonial: *antimdnialis, e: M.L.. 
a. wine, Vinum antimdnii: M.L.: a. 
powder, pulvis antimdnialis or pulvis 
antimonii compdsitus (Mayne). 
antimonv: 1, larbason: Plin. Ot 
stibium, stibi, or stimmi (prob. a sul- 
phuret of antimony): Cels.: Plin. a 
antiménium ; M. L. 
antinomian (adj. and subs.) : *an- 
tindmus: M. L. 
antinomianism ; *dogmata or hae- 
resis antinomorum, 
antivanal: papae or papis adversus, 
antipathy: |, 4 natural or innate 
incompatibility: 1, répugnantia: the 
a. of things, rerum a., Cic.: Plin. 9. 
odium : there is the greatest a. between 


radishes and the vine, odium raphanis 
cum vite maximum, Plin.- the oak and 
the olive have an unconquerable a. to 
each other, quercus et olea pertinaci odio 
dissident, Plin. 3. antipathia- Plin: 
Phr.- there is a kind of natural a, be- 
tween the kite and the crow, miivo est 
quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum 
corvo, Cic. I]. Aversion, hatred: a 
yontiphlogistic : * antiphlogisticus 
M. L. 

antiphonary: antiphonarium: ML. 

antiphony: antiphona: Isid. 

antiphrasis: antipbrisis, is, Pe 
Diom, 

antivodes: |. Those who inhabit 
the opposite part of the earth : antipddes, 
um: you say that there are people oppo- 
site to us, on the opposite side of the 
earth, who stand with feet diametric ally 
opposed to ours, whom you call anti- 
podes, dicitis esse e regione nobis, ¢ con- 
traria parte terrae, qui adversis vesti- 
giis stent contra nostra Vestigia, quos 
untipodas vocatis, Cic. ||, The oppo- 
site part of the earth: contraria pars 
terrae, Cic. 

antipope: antipapa: M L. 

antiquarian (@4j.): Phr.: a. zeal, 
antiquitatis cognoscendae studium a. 
knowledge, antiquitatis notitia, Suet. 





(But antiquitas includes the | entire 
study of ancient times.) = 

antiquarian ue rerum antiquarum 

antiquary Studiosus : rerum an- 
tiquarum literate peritus (cf. Cic. Brut. 
56, 205): a very learned a., peritissimus 
omnis antiquitatis, Qnint : an enthusi- 
astic a., antiquitatis nimius admirator, 
Quint. 

antiquated: priscus, vétustus: y 
OBSOLETE, OLD-FASHIONED. 

antique (adj.): antiquus: vétus: 
V. ANCIENT, OLD. 

antique (subs.): opus antiqui ar- 
tificis; | monumentum antiquitatis. 
Phr.: these most artistic antiques, haec 
antiquo opere et summo artificio facta, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 46. 

antiquity: |, Ancient times: tb 
antiquitas: stories derived Srom the re- 
motest a., fabulae ab ultima a. Tepetitae, 
Cic.: an extravagant admirer of a., an- 
tiquitatis nimius admirator, Quint.: a 
knowledge of a., antiquitatis notitia, 
Suet.: a lover of a., antiquitatis amator, 
Nep. 2. vétustas: history, the mes- 
senger of antiquity, historia nuntia yet- 
ustatis, Cic.: all the precedents of a., 
omnia vetustatis exempla, Caes.—Nore. 
Antiquitas is used of things simply as 
belonging to ancient times; vetustas of 
what has remained and become old (cf. 
ANCIENT, 1, 2): the difference is brought 
out in the following passage of Cic. : er- 
rabat multis in rebus antiquitas (bygone 
ages) quam vel usu jam....vel vetus- 
tate (through having become old, and so 
obsolete) immutatam videmus, Div. 2, 
33, 70. 8, aetas vetus, Cic. Join. 
vetus illa atque untiquaaetas. J, The 
people of ancienttimes: 1, antiquitas: 
a. fabulously related, a. fabulose nar- 
ravit, Plin : Cic. (1. ¢. supr.). i 
vétustas: who would believe this, if 
a. were not its witness? quis hoe 
credat, nisi sit pro teste vetustas? 
Ov. Met. 1, 400. {I]. The remains 
of ancient times: 1. antiquitas (but 
antiquitas is much more extensive in its 
application than the English antiquities, 
including history and the origin of na- 
tions): the Greeks were fond of a.s, lae- 
tum antiqnitatibus Graecorum genus, 
Tac.: Roman a.s, *antiquitates Ro- 
manae. 2. monumenta antiquitatis 
(al. vetustatis): Cic. dom. 32, 86; but 
here too the reterence is to 7ecords, not 
existing remains: the phrase however 








will include all that preserves the 
memory of antiquity. IV. Ancient- 
Ness: 1, antiquitas: the a. of a 
Jamily, generis a., Cic. 2. vétustas 
(é. e. old standing) : the reputation and a, 
of a state, nomen et vy. civitatis, Caes : 
they defend themselves by the a, of their 
possession, not by their right, vetustate 
possessionis se non jure defendunt, Cie. 
37 


ANTISCORBUTILC 
L antiscorbutic: antiscorbiticus : M. 


‘antiseptic : antisepticus: M.L. 
antispasmodic : antispasmodicus . 
A 


antispast (in prosody, the foot 
w — — ~): antispastus: Diom. 

antistrophe: antistréphe, és, /.: 
Victor. 

antithesis: 1. contrarium (strictly 
a contrary thing or proposition, not an- 
tithesis abstractedly): there is an a. (in 
the passage), contraria oppynuntur, Cic. 
Or. 49: the statement of an a., relatio 
contrariorum, ib. (in this passage he 
describes such passages as ‘‘ quae Graeci 
avri@era nominant, quum  contraria 
contrariis opponuntur ’’). 2. conten- 
tio: Cic.: Quint. 3. contraposii um : 
Quint. 4, distinctio: Quint.: contra- 
positum is stated by Quint. (9, 3, 81) to 
be synonymous with contentio: where- 
as distinctio is a peculiar kind of anti- 
thesis, in which the members are ex- 
actly balanced, word by word. i 
antithéton (v. Cic. l.c. supr.): polished 
antitkeses, rasa antitheta, Pers.—NOTE. 
Not antithesis ; which denotes a change 
of letter : Charis. 

antithetical: Phr.: an a. style, 
*genus scribendi (orationis) contrapositis 
refertum : ana. writer, *scriptor contra- 
positorum studiosus; or, scripror qui 
contrariis contraria opponere solet: v. 
ANTITHESIS. 

antitype: exemplarium: Arnob.- 
Hier. (Antitypum, antitypus, are late 
Latin, but should be used where tech- 
nical exactness is needed). 

antler; ramus (in connection with 
cornu): from its top (i e. the top of a 
single horn) spread wide-lranching 4.s, 
ab ejus summo tami quam late diffun- 
duntur, Caes. 

antlered: arvsus: fhe a. horns of 
a long-lived sitig, ramosa vivacis cornua 
cervi, Virg.: Phaedr. 

antonomasia (rhet. ¢. ¢.): anténd- 
miasia : Quint. 


anus: 1. anus: Cic.: Cels. 9. 
podex, icis, m.: Hor.: Juv.: v. FUNDA- 
MENT. 


anvil: incus, iidis, f.: without bellows 
and a.s, sine follibus et incudibus, Cic. 
Fig.: tobe hammering the same a., i.e. 
to have the same thing in hand, i. ean- 
dem tundere, Cic.: to put verses upon 
the a. again,i.e. to revise them, incudi 
reddere versus, Hor. 

anxiety: 1, anxiétas: Cic.: con- 
stant a., perpetua a., Juv.: mental a., 
a. animi, Ov. 9. sollicitido: that 
affair is a source of a. to me, istaec 
mihi res sollicitudini est, Ter.: know 
that I am in the greatest a., scitote me 
esse in summa s., Cic.: mental a. and 
fear, s. animi et timor, Cic.: sleep is a 
refuge from all toils and a.s, somnus 
est perfugium omnium laborum et s., 
Cic.: Hor. 9, cura: a wearied mind, 
worn out with a., animus lassus, cura 
confectus, Ter. : Cic. 4, pavor: a. 
lest the wound should be mortal, pavor 
ne mortiferum esset vulnus, Liv. 5. 
scrupus: some a, always 7vemains in the 
minds of the wicked, improbis semper 
aliquis in animis haeret s., Cic. 
scrupiilus: Ver.: the a.s of domestic 
cares, domesticarum sollicitudinum scru- 
puli, Cic. : v.caRE.—NOTE. Of the above, 
curais the most gen+ral term, and in- 
cludes all kinds of snental concern: sol- 
licitudo is vestless, ha) assing care ; anxi- 
etus, keen, distressing anxiety: pavor, the 
anxiety of alarm (q. v.); scrupus and 
scrupulus denote the petty, disturbing 
trouble which worries like a pebble in 
the shoe: v. also DISTRESS, TROUBLE. 

anxious: |. Solicitous: 1, an. 
xius: ill-tempered and a. old men, senes 
morosi et a., Cic. The source or cause 
of the feeling is expr. by abl., gen., de, 
orclause: a. with anger and fear, ira et 
metu a., Sall.: a. on account of the 
scarcity, inopiae a., Liv.: a. about his 
intellectual reputation, de fama ingenii 
a., Quint.: a. lest var should break out, 
a. ne bellum oriatur, Sall. 2. solli- 

38 


AN Y 


APART 





citus: my beauty keeps me a., me mea 
forma sollicitum habet, Pl.: how a. I 


am as to what will happen ! quam sum 
s. quidnam futurum sit! Cic. (Concern- 
ing the diff. between sollicitus and an- 
xius, compare ANXIETY, /i7.) 3, tré- 
pidus (i.e. agitated with alarm): a. Dido, 
t. Dido, Virg.: the senate sad and a. 
with a double fear, curia moesta ac t. 
ancipiti metu, Liv. |]. Causing, or 
attended with, anxiety: J, anxius: a. 
Jear, a. timor, Virg.: @. cares. a. curae, 
Liv. 9. sollicitus: a. old age, s. 8C- 
necta, Ov.: a. wealth, 3. opes, Hor.: a. 
jear, s. timor, Ov. 8. trépidus : an 
a. contest, t. certamen, Hor.: in a. citr- 
cumstances, in re t., Liv.: an uncertain 
and a. life, incerta et t. vita, Tac. To 
make a., sollicito, ango: V. TO TROUBLE, 
FRET, DISTRESS: V. also TO BE ANXIOUS. 

——-—, to be: 1. laboro, 1 (usu. 
with ut or ne and clause): he was a. to 
unite the other states, animo laborabat ut 


reliquas civitates adjungeret, Caes. : he | 


is not at all a. about himself, de se nihis 
laborat, Cic.: also with inf.: Tama. to 
be brief, brevis esse laboro, Hor.: v. TO 
LABOUR, STRIVE. 2. anxium or solli- 
citum esse de re aliqua. Join: sus- 
penso animo et sollicito esse, Cic.: esse 
anxium ac sollicitum, quidnam.. . ., Cic. 
anxiously: 1, anxié: Sall.: Suet. 
9. sollicité: Sen.: Suet. 93, tré- 
pidé (i. e. with agitation and alarz): 
Liv. : Phaedr. : 
any: anyone, anything: 1. 
quis or qui, quae, quod or quid (usu. with 
si, ne,ornum: the forms quis and quid 
are for the most part used substantively, 
while qui and quod are used adjectively ; 
so in the compounds aliquis, aliqui, ete. : 
quis is less emphatic than quispiam or 
quisquam, and less definite than aliquis. 
It is precisely = Gr. tis): the question 
is whether any one duty is greater than 
another, quaeritur num quod officium 
aliud alio majus sit, Cic.: 7 any one 
had fallen from his horse, si qui equo 
deciderat, Caes.: if any one bring an 
action against you, si te in judicium 
quis adducat, Cic.: if I have committed 
any offence against you, forgive it, si 
quid in te peccavi, ignosce, Cic.: lest 
any danger might befal, ne quod peri- 
culum incideret, Cic. Q. aliqui or ali- 
quis, aliqua, aliquod or aliquid (usu. em- 
phatic, and opposed either expressly or 
impliedly to such words as all, much, 
none, &c.): this or any (other) condition 
of the republic, hic aut aliqui status rei- 
publicae, Cic.: name any one (or some 
one) person, unum aliquem nominate, 
Cic.: any one (or some one) of you, 
aliquis ex vobis, Cic.: any (or some 
amount of) strength, aliquid virium, 
Cic.: if any one (or some one) person 
out of many excels, si aliquis excellit 
unus e multis, Cic.: anything final, ali- 
quid extremum, Cic.: v. SOME, SOME ONE. 
8, ecquior ecquis, ecquae or ecqua, 
ecquod or ecquid (interrog.) : is thereany 
shame ? ecqui pudor est ? Cic.: does any 
one ask for breakfast? ecqui poscit 
prandio? Pl.: wiil any one open this 
door ? ecquis aperit hoc ostium? PL: 
Cic.: Virg. 4, quispiam (not differ- 
ing materially from the simple quis, but 
rather more emphatic: usu. with si): 
what tf any god has willed this? quid 
si hoc voluit q. deus? Ter.: when any 
cohort had left the circle, cum quaepiam 
cohors ex orbe excesserat, Caes.: if for- 
tune has deprived any one of money, si 
cuipiam pecuniam fortuna ademit, Cic. 
5. quisquam (i. e. any single one, 
as opp. to quivis, any one at random): 
is there any one in the whole world so 
unfortunate? an quisquam usquam 
gentium est aeque miser? Ter.: this 
tyrant was more hateful than any one 
of the preceding, tetrior hic tyrannus 
fuit quam q. superiorum, Cic.: ts there 
any human being of whom you have a 
better opinion ? estne q. omnium mor- 
talium de quo melius existimes tu? 
Cic. 6, ullus (equiv. in force to quis- 
quam, only used adjectively, whereas 
quisquam is used s <bstantively) : esp. (i) 


in sentences conveying a negation, ex- 
pressed or understood : in no other state 
has freedom any abode, nulla alia in civi- 
tate ullum domicilium libertas habet, 
Cic.: to march through the province 
without doing any damage, sine ullo 
maleficio iter per provinciam facere, 
Caes.: he says that he cannot grant a 
passage to any one, negat se posse iter 
ulli dare, Caes. (il) in interrog. and 
hypoth. sentences: ws then anything of 
so much value ? est crgo ulla res (= quic- 
quam) tanti? Cic.: 7% any recommend- 
ation of mine has had weight with you, 
si ulla mea apud te commendatio valuit, 
Cic. 7. omnis, e (only with sine: 
when any = all): without any danger, 
siue omni periculo, Ter.: without any 
wisdom, sine omni supientia, Cic. 
Phr.: hardly any one, nemo fere, non 
fere quisquam, Cic.: v. foll. article. 
any soever, any you please: 1. 
quilibét: any the most trifling circum- 
stance soever, quaelibet minima res, 
Cic.: any name uhatever, quodlibet no- 
men, Hor. 2. quivis: they, howeve: 
few, dare to encounter any number of 
horsemen, ad quemvis numerum equi- 
tum quamvis pauci adire audent, Caes. : 
not any one you please taken at random, 
but an accomplished connoisseur, non 
quivis unus ex populo, sed existimator 
doctus, Cic.—Nore. Quilibet and quivis 
are opp. to quisquam, ullus; and signify 
any one at random, all alike: thus, I 
doubt whether any (single) man can do 
this, is, dubito num quisquam hominum 
hoc facere possit; whereas, any man 
(i.e. all indiscriminately) can do this, 
is, cujuslibet, cujusvis est hoc facere. 
anywhere: |. nanyplace: 1, 
alicibi (usu. with reference to a definite 
place) : I wish he were anywhere (=some- 
where) here about, utinam hic prope ad- 
esset a., Ter.: Cic. 2. uspiam (freq. 
with si: if im any place: quite indefi- 
nitely) ; I will search the temple through 
to see if I can find the gold anywhere, 
perscrutabor fanum, si inveniam uspiam 
aurum, Pl.: whether that law is written 
anywhere or nowhere, sive est illa lex 
Scripta uspiam sive nusquam,Cic. 8, 
usquam (usu. with neg.: in any single 
place): Ter.: for him there was no place 
anyuheve, ei nullus erat usquam locus, 
Cic. 4, iibiqué (= im all places): 
Cic.: to avoid everything that is any- 
where injurious, illud quicquid ubique 
officit evitare, Hor. 5, bivis (any- 
where you please): there is no one but 
would vather be anywhere than where he 
is, nemo est quin ubivis quam ibi ubi 
est esse malit, Cic.- Hor. Comp. any 
throughout. Il. To any place: 1, 
quo (usu. with si, ne, num: comp. ANY, 
1): if you wish me tu go anywhere, si 
quo tu me ire vis, Pl.: Caes.: Liv. 
2. aliquo: v. SOMEWHERE. 3, us- 
quam: nor indeed was I going any- 
where, nec vero usquam discedebam, 
Cic.: Hor.: Ov. 4. quopiam: Ter 
Pl. 5, quoquam: Cic.: Nep.—Nore, 
For the distinction between the above, 
compare quis, aliquis, quisquam, quis- 
piam, s.: v. ANY. 
aorist : tempus verbi indéfinitum: 
adristus. 
aorta (the great artery); grandis 
vena cordis, Plin.: aorta: M. L. (aopry, 
Aristot.): artéria magna, crassa arteria 
(Mayne). 
apace: céléritér: v. QUICKLY, BA- 
PIDLY. 
apart: séorsum (adv.): the old man 
had led me aside, apart from the house, 
me senex seduxit s. ab aedibus, PL: a. 
from the body, s. corpore, Lucr. : 
a. in custody, in custodia s. habitus, Liv. 
It is often expressed by an adjective: 
1, diversus (adj.): stand a., diversae 
| state, Pl.: drive thema., age diversas, 
Virg. Q. rarus (= far apart): har- 
bours far a., rari portus, Caes.: you see 
| that the earth is inhabited in places far 
| a., vides habitari in terra raris in locis, 
Cic. : ranks far a., rari ordines, Liv. §, 
| It is often expr. also by the prefixes dts 
and se: as, to stretch a., distendo : for which 








APARTMENT 





see TO STRETCH, etc. Phr.: the bars 
ought to bea foot a., clathros interesse 
oportet pede, Cato: ‘beams two Jeet a., 
trabes distantes inter se binos pedes, 
Caes.: joking a., joco amoto, Hor.: v. 
SEPARATELY. 
apartmnt: conclave: v. ROOM. 
apathetie : lentus: J am considered 
‘0 be too patient and a., nimium patiens 
et l. existimor, Cic.: am a. spectator, |. 
spectator, Hor. Phr.: the very fuct of 
being altogether a. is more pitiable than 
being subject to pain, id ipsum carere 
omni sensu doloris miserius est quam 
dolere, Cic. : Vv. INSENSIBLE. 
apathy: 1, lentitaido: not to be- 
come angry under any circumstances is 
a proof not merely of seriousness, but 
sometimes even of a., omnino non irasci 
est non solum gravitatis sed nonnum- 
quam etiam lentitudinis, Cic. 2) 
stipor: that insensibility ‘of min., like 
that of the body, which feels not when 
it is burning, I should consider a. 
rather than courage, eam animi duri- 
tiam, sicut corporis quod quum uritur 
non sentit, stuporem potius quam vir- 
tutem putarem, Cic. 3, ignavia (i.e. 
apathy, showing itself in backwardness 
and inaction): to arouse any one’s a. to 
action, i. alicujus ad opera excitare, Plin.: 
Liv. 4, apathia: Gell.: v. INACTIVITY, 
ape: ], simia: Pl.: Cic. 2. 
simius: Hor.: Sen. Meton.: an 
absurd imitator : 1, simia: Pl.: Plin, 
2. simidlus: Cic. : v. IMITATOR. 
ape (v.): Vv. TO IMITATE, Cory. 
eae (adj.): 1, apéritivus: 
2. purgativus, purgatorius: 
h L.: Vv. PURGATIVE. 
averient (subs.) : 1, *medicamen- 
tum aperitivum: M. L. 2. apériens, 
entis,n.: M.L. 8, catharticum: M.L. 
(For classical phrr. v. OPENING, adj.) 
aperture: 1, foramen: Cic.: 
Hor. 2. hiatus, us: Luer.: Cic. 
8. apertira: Vitr.: v. OPENING, 
FISSURE, HOLE. 
apex: cacimen: v. TIP, POINT. 
aphelion: *aphélion (only as scient. 
t. t.: so Kr. and Georg.) 
aphis: *aphis, idis, m.: M.L.: a. 
vastator (Mayne). 
avhorism: sententia: Cic. : Quint.: 
(aphorismus only in late Latin). Vv. 
MAXIM. 
aphoristic: sententidsus : an a. and 
witty style of speaking, s. et argutum 
genus dictionis, Cic. 
apiary: 1, alvéarium: to make 
an a. round the whole of a farm-house, 
circum villam totam a. facere, Varr. : 
Vv. HIVE. 2. mellarium: used by 
Varr. as equiy. to alvearium or apiarium, 
and approved by Gell. 2, 20, fin. 
apiarium (the current word in the time 
of Gell.): places where bee-hives are set 
are commonly called apiuries, apiaria 
vulgus dicit loca, in quibus sint siti 
alvei apum, Gell. l. c.: Col. 
apiaster (bee-eater). Aapiastra: 
I'v. 
apiece: there is no distinct Lat. word 
equiv. to this, but its sense is expr. by the 
distributive numerals, with which, by a 
kind of tautology, some word answering 
to our ‘‘each,” “every,” is sometimes 
employed: we have received two maid- 
servants a., binae singulis sunt datae 
nobis ancillae, Pl.: he begged that Apro- 
nius would not exact for each juger more 
than three medimna a., petiit Apronius 
ne amplius in jugera singula quam terna 
medimna exigeret, Cic.: they went out 
with two dresses a., cum binis vesti- 
mentis exierunt, Liv.: v. EACH. 
apish: cacdzélus: Suet.: v. AF- 
FECTED, FOPPISH. 
apishness: cacdzélia : 
AFFECTATION, FOPPISHNESS. 
apocalypse: apvcilypsis, is, f. : 
Tert.: Vv. REVELATION. 
apocalyptic: gen. of apocalypsis. 
apocopated: Phr.: an a. word, 
*verbum ab extremo mutilum s. decur- 
tatum; verbum cui ultima syllaba sive 
litera adimitur. 
apocope* *pocope, és, f.: Tert. 


Quint.: v. 








APOPLECTIC 


apocrypha: libri 4pécryphi: Tert. 

apocryphal: pocryphus: Tert. 
For the more gen. sense, Vv. UNCERTAIN, 
DOUBTFUL, 

apodictical : Vv. DEMONSTRATIVE. 

apodosis : apéddsts, ts, f.: Donat. 

apogee: *4p0gaeum : only as scient. 
t. t.: 80 Kr. and Georg. 

apologetic: ‘pologéticus: Tert. (in 
the title of his Defence of Christiantty). 
Phr.: I have written an a. letter, me 
per biteras excusavi (cf. Cic. Fam. 11, 15): 
to male an a. speech for any one, excu- 
sationem alicujus oratione proponere. 
(But if the reference be to tormally a. 
works, heen should be preferred.) 

apolo |. A person who ex- 
cuses fau Lee 1, déprécator 
(strictly, one who begs off): not only his 
own a., but my accuser tuo, non solum 
sui d., sed etiam accusator mei, Cic.: to 
send ambassadors and as to any one, 
mittere legatos et d. ad aliquem, Cic.: v. 
INTERCESSOR. 2, excusator: app. 
only in Augustine. 8. expr. by verb: 
as, to be the a. of vice, *vitia excusare 
atque extenuare; *vitiis excusandis 
atque extenuandis servire: v. TO EX- 
CUSE, PALLIATE. I]. One who writes 
in defence of a person or doctrine: iL 
libri apologetici s. apologiae scriptor: 
v. APOLOGY. (This term may most 
accurately describe any writer, as a 
Christian a.: the title of Tertullian’s 
work is Liber apologeticus.) 2. de- 
fensor: 7, €. CHAMPION, DEFENDER: Q. V. 

apologize (unlike the subs,, used 
only when @ fault is implied): ib 


exciiso, I (with pron. rejlect. when the | 


apology is offered for oneself; the thing 
apologized for in ace. or with de): you 
directed your colleague to a. for you to 
me by letter, collegae mandasti ut te 
mibi per literas excusaret, Cic.: the 
Merini ad for their former design, 
Morini se de superioris temporis con- 
silio excusarunt, Caes.: I do not a. too 
much to good men, viris bonis me non 
nimis excuso, Uic.: remember to a. to 
Varro for my delay in writing, Varroni 
memineris excusare tarditatem literarum 
mearum, Cic. 2. deéfendo, di, sum, 
3: toa. for any one’s vices on the ground 
of his youth, alicujus vitia excusatione 
adolescentiae d., Cic. 3. satisfacio, 


féci, factum, 3: to send ambassadur's to | 


a., legatos satisfaciendi causa mittere, 
Caes. (But satisfacio always denotes 
the making of swch an apology or com- 
pensation as may satisfy the offended 
party): v. TO SATISFY; SATISFACTION, 
GIVE. 

apologue: 1, apdlogus: Cic. 

fabiila: v. FABLE. 

apology : |. An excuse for a 
fault : 1, excisatio: a reasonable a., 
ex. justa, Cic.: those a.s for your injus- 
tice have weight with me, illae valent 
apud me ex. injuriae tuae, Cic.: an utterly 
inadmissible a., ex. minime accipienda, 
Cic.: fo no citizen did there appear to be 
any satisfactory a. for his absence, ne- 
mini civi ulla quo minus adesset, satis 
justa ex. visa est, Cic. 9. sitisfactio 
(denoting such an a. 07” amends as may 
satisfy the injured party): Caesar ac- 
cepted the a. of the Ubii, Caesar Ubiorum 
satisfactionem accepit, Caes.: Cic.: v. 
JUSTIFICATION, SATISFACTION. il. 4 
treatise written in defence of @ man or 
doctrine. 1, apdlogia (arodAoyia): 
Apul.: Hier. 2. liber apologeticus : 
Tert.: v. APOLOGETIC. 8, défensio : 
V. DEFENCE. 

aponeurosis: %pdneurosis, is, /.: 
M. L. 

apophthegm: sententia:  Cic.: 
Quint. : v. SAYING, MAXIM. 

avophyge (arch. ¢. ¢.): apophygis, is, 
SaLViltr. 


apoplectic: ‘ipdplecticus, or iApo- 
plectus; Coel. Aur. ( apoplectus and apo- 
plecticus may both be used of apoplectic 
persons; but the latter only as abstract 
term: e.g. ana. habit of body, *corporis 
habitus apoplecticus, not apoplectus). 
Phr.: he died of an a. stroke, apoplexi 
arreptus periit, Capitoi 


APPARENTLY 





| apoplexy: 4pdplexia, or 4pdplexis 
is, #.: Coel. Aur. (Celsus uses the Greek 
form once.) 

aposiopesis : 1, Spdsidpésis, is 
J-: Quint. 2. interruptio: Quint. 

apostasy: 4postésia: Aug.: Salv 
For the more gen. sign, v. ABANDON- 
MENT, DESERTION. 

apostate: 4postita, ae, m.: Tert 
Phr.: to contradict the Church like @ 
Jew and an a., ecclesiae contradicere 
Judaice et apostatice, Just. Cod. 

apostatize: 4postito, 1: Cypr.: 
*veram religionem deserere or abjurare. 

apostatizing (adj.): Apostiticus: 
Tert. : an a. mob, plebs a., Sedul. 

aposteme: 4postema, itis, 2: 
V. ABSCESS, 

apostle: Apostolus: Tert. 

apostleship : 4post0latus, is: Tert, 

apostolic: dpostolicus: the 1. age, 
a. aetas, Tert. 

apostolically: Phr.: to act a., 
agere ut apostolus; a. appointed, ab 
apostolo (apostolis) constitutus, etc. 

apostrophe: |. Jn rhet. apos 
strophé, és, /.: Quint. I. Jn gram. 
apostrophus, i, f/.: Donat. 

apostrophize: abrupté compello, 1: 
v. TO ADDRESS. 

apothecary : médicamentarius: 
Plin.:; *&pothécarius: M.L.: an a.’s 
shop, médicina (se. taberna): Pl.: apé- 
theca: M. L.: v, pRUGGIST. 

apotheosis: apotheosis, is, /.: Lert.: 
| V. DEIFICATION. 

apozem: apozéma, Atis. 7.: Aem, 
Macer. 

appal: exterreo: v. TO TERRIFY. 

appanage: *apanagium s. apana- 
mentum: Mediaev. Lat.: (‘‘ apanagium 
est certa pensio seu annuus reditus ra- 
tione praedii qnod divisionem non 
recipit, assignatus secundo genitis, quo 
| sibi panem e= a maintenance] ad victum 
comparent :” Du Cange,s.v.) The ap- 
panage might consist either of the reve- 
nues of the lands or of the lands them- 
selves, but it reverted to the sovereign 
in default of male heirs: ib. 

apparatus: appiratus, is: military 
a., belli a., Caes.: Cic.: siege a., a. op- 
pugnandarum urbium, Liv. Phr: a@ 
Jor vejitting ships, quae ad naves refic- 
iendas usui sunt, Caes. (including 
materials as well as tools): v. TOOLS, 
INSTRUMENTS. 

apparel (swbs.) : vestis, vestitus, is: 
V. DRESS, CLOTHES. 

apparel (v.): vestio: v. TO DRESS, 
CLOTHE, 

apparent: |. Visible, in sight: 
aspectabilis (rare), Cic.: &pertus, Cic.: 
V. VISIBLE, IN SIGHT. Il. Hvident, 
clear: &pertus, mAnffestus: v. EVIDENT. 
CLEAR: esp. in phr. to be apparent: ap- 
pareo, ui, 2: what ts right ts a., what 
is expedient is yet in the dark, quid rec 
tum sit, apparet ; quid expediat, obscu- 
rum est, Cic.: V. TO BE EVIDENT. lL. 
Seeming (as opposed to true, real): 
fictus, assimulatus, etc.: v. FEIGNED, 
PRETENDED. It may often be expressed 
by some case of species; as, when 
any a. advantage is presented, we aré 
necessarily influenced by it, cum aliqua 
species utilitatis objecta est, nos com- 
moveri necesse est, Cic.. Caesar had 
attached his opponents by a. clemency, 
Caesar adversarios clementiae specie 
devinxerat, Cic.: Vv. APPARENTLY.— 
Nore. Not to be rendered by speciosus, 
which means handsome, showy. 

apparently (as opposed to really, 
truly): specie, in speciem, per speciem : 
that Demetrias was a. free; but that in 
reality, etc., specie liberam Demetriadem 
esse, .evera, etc., Liv.: the proceedings 
being a. postponed, in reality done away 
with altogether, dilata in speciem actione, 
re ipsa sublata, Liv. : Cic.: Vv. OSTENSIBLY, 
APPEARANCE. It may also sometimes 
be expressed by speciem habere, ferre, 
i.e. to be apparently: as,if what was a, 
honourable were at variance with what 
seemed to be expedient, si id quod speciem 
haberet honesti pugnaret cum eo quod 
utile videretur, Cic. : (his man is a. good, 

39 


Plin. 





APPARITION 





hic speciem prae se fert boni viri, Cic. ; 
Vv. FEIGNEDLY. 
apparition: |. Appearance: q. | 
Il. 4 ghost, phantom. 1, sima- 
lacrum: why do you vainly attempt to 
catch fleeting a.s? quid frustras. fugacia 
captas? Ov.: Plin. Q. spécies, ei, f.: 
nocturnal a.s, uocturnae s., Liv.: Ov. : 
Vv. GHOST, SPECTRE, PHANTOM. 
apparitor: viator: prop. the desig- 
nation of officers inferior in dignity to 
lictors, employed by tribunes and some 
other magistrates (Liv.: Cic.): the term 
was afterwards applied to apparitors in 
law courts: Justin. inst.: v. Dict. Ant. 
and Forcell. s. v. VIATOR. 
appeal (w): |, Legalt.t.: 1, 
appello, 1 (from one magistrate or court 
to another: in the best writers appello is 
used without ad, in later writers with 
ad): to a. fiom the praetor to the 
tribunes, a praetore tribunosa., Cic.: the 
praetor was a.’d to, praetor appellaba- 
tur, Cic.: they ad to the emperor, impe- 
ratorem appellavere, Tac. 2. pro- 
voco, 1 (to the populus in a matter 
affecting life : used with ad): those con- 
demned for high treason a. to the people, 
de majestate damnati ad populum provo- 
cant, Cic. : leave is given to a. from every 
sentence and punishment, ab omni judicio 
poenaque provocari licet, Cic. I], Zo 
refer to another for decision: i 
appello, 1: you too J implore and a. to, 
most holy goddesses, vos etiam imploro 
atque a., sanctissimae deae, Cic.: to a. 
to authorities, auctores a., Plin. > 
provoco, 1: how right this is you shall 
judge; not to Cato even will I a., quam 
id rectum sit tu judicabis; ne ad Cato- 
nem quidem provocabo, Cic. 8, cito, 
1 (with testis): Salamis ts a.’d to as 
witness of the victory, citatur Salamis 
testis victoriae, Cic.: I will a. to the 
testimony of all Sicily to this fact, in 
hanc rem testem totam Siciliam citabo, 
Cic.: Liv. (similarly, teste uti aliquo 5 
testimonio alicujus uti, etc.. Vv. EVI- 
DENCE, WITNESS). 4, testor, 1 (used 
chiefly in poet. and passionate language « 
esp. of appealing to the gods): I a. to all 
the gods as witnesses, that I, etc., testor 
omnes deos, me, etc., Cic.; also with 
testem, I a. to thee (Venus) as my wit- 
mess, testem te testor mihi, Pl: v. 
WITNESS, CALL TO. II]. Zo implore, 
entreat, q. v.: 6ro; obsecro. IV. Zo 
excite, affect (chiefly in phr. to appeal 
to the feclings): mobveo, commoveo 
Vv. TO AFFECT. Phr.: to a. less vividly 
to the feelings, segnius irritare animos, 





Hor. V. To have recourse to: q.v.+ 
invdéco. 
appeal (subs.): |. Legalt.t. 1, 


appellatio: all a.s from the judges were 
made to the senate, omnes ap. a judicibus 
ad senatum fiebant, Suct.- an a. against 
the injustice of magistiates, a. adversus 





injuriam magistratuum, Liv. . to male 
an a., a. interponere, Dig.: to disallow 
an a., a. improbare, Ulp. : to allow it, a. 
admittere, Ulp. Q, provocatio (for the 
difference between this and the fore- 
going, Vv. TO APPEAL): the right of a. 
could not be granted to the Rs people, 
provocatio populo K. dari non potuit, 
Cic.: there shall be right of a. to the 
people, p.ad populum esto, Cic. = a. from 
@ commander, p. ab eo qui imperabit, 
Cie. (also p. adversus aliquem, Liv.): to 
lay an a., p. interponere, Dig.: to allow 
a., provocationi cedere, Liv. Phr.: @ 
court of a., *judices ad quos appellari 
licet; ad quos appcllatio est . there is 
no court of a., *appellatio nulla est. 
{]. Zn non-legal sense: reference to 
some authority or witness: chiefly in 
phr. to make an a. to: V.TO APPEAL 
cI). II]. An address of entreaty: 
obsecratio: Vv. ENTREATY. 
appear: |. Zo be visible: aL: 
apparéo, 2 (=Gr. daiverBat, to be pre 
sented to view): place a thing opposite a 
mirror, its image a.s, rem contra spe- 
culum ponas, a. imago, Lucr . a snake 
ad to Sulla, anguis Sullae apparuit, Cic. 
9, comparéo, ui, 2 (to be visible ; to 
bs found: whereas appareo is 0 be be- 
qo 


APPEARANCE 


fore the eyes): not a bird a.’d (i.e. was 
to be seen during the plague), nec ulla 
comparebat avis, Lucr.: a speech which 
scarcely as (i.e. ts almost lost) amongst 
the crowd of books, oratio quae vix c. in 
turba voluminum, Cic. 3, conspicior, 
spectus, 3 (i.e. to be descried): mean- 
while Metellus a.s descending the hill, 
interim M. monte degrediens conspici- 
tur, Sall.: Caes.: v. TO SEE, DESCRY, 
4, ostendo, di, sum and tum, 3 
(with refl. pron. : of that which presents 
itself to view): the cavalry a. (come in 
sight), equites sese ostendunt, Caes. 
5. exsisto, stiti, stitum, 3 (of that 
which comes forth, usu. suddenly, 
to view): a cave where they say Dis 
suddenly a.’d with his chariot, spe- 
lunca qua Ditem ferunt repente cum 
curru exstitisse, Cic.: Liv. (v. TO COME 
FORTH): mists do not a. in summer 
or in intense cold, nebulae nec aestate 
nec maximo frigore ex., Plin. 6. 
prodeo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (i.e. fo come 
jorth, q.v.): to a. on the stage, in sce- 
nam p., Nep.: to a. in publec, in publi- 
cum p. Cic. (also in medium procedere, 
Cic. ). 4, exorior (only of that which 
suddenly appears): V.TO ARISE.—NOTE. 
Videor, to appear (= seem) must not be 
used as equiv. to appareo (v. supr. 1): yet 
it is employed with reference to what is 
(or appears to be) seen in dreams, where 
it is passive: as, what a.’d to him while 
asleep, quae ei secundum quietem visa 
sunt, Cic. |], To be present (chiefly 
legal ¢. ¢.): 1, adsum (ass.), fui. 
Verres had determined not to a. at the 
trial, Verres statuerat ad judicium non 
adesse, Cic.: to a. (as advocate) against 
any one, contra aliquem a., Plin. ep. 
2. comparéo, 2: the slaves did 
not a. (i.e, were not forthcoming), 
servi non comparebant, Cic. 8. sisto, 
stiti, stdtum, 3 (usu. reflect.): Alfenus 
promised that Quintius should a., Quin- 
tium sisti Alfenus promisit, Cic.: he 
gives evidence that Quintius did not a., 
testificatur Quintium non stitisse, Cic. 
Phr.: tofail toa., vadimonium deserere, 
Cic. |. Zo be evident, or clear: q. v.: 
patet: apparet: liquet. |. Zo seem: 
q.v.: videor, 
appearance: j. A becoming or 
being visible: adspectus (asp.), Us: the 
enemy were thrown into confusion at 
the first a. of the Romans, hostes primo 
a. Romanorum perturbati sunt, Caes. : 
the a. of the stars, a. siderum, Plin. 
Phr.: he makes his a. in public in a 
state of intoxication, procedit in medium 
vini plenus, Cic.: you say that you had 
no opportunity of making your a, wn 
public, prodeundi tibi in publicum po- 
testatem factam negas, Cic.: Vv. SIGHT, 
APPROACH.—NOTE. The abstract subs. 
appearance may often be expr. by means 
of a verb: as, to make one’s a. on the 
stage, in scenam prodire, Nep.: you are 
maleing your a. in the very nick of time, 
opportune te mihi in ipso tempore os- 
tendis, Ter.: where to ma/ce one’s a.= to 
APPEAB, q. Ve I]. A being present in 
court: chiefly in phr. to make one’s ap, 
=TO APPEAR, q. Ve (II). Il]. Look, 
visible qualities : 1, species, ei, f.: 
the image bears a similar a. and shape, 
speciem ac formam similem gerit imago, 
Lucr.* a@ woman of pleasing a., specie 
lepida mulier, Pl.: the a. of the ships 
was more unusual, navium s, erat inusi- 
tatior, Caes.. the very beautiful a. of the 
town, s. praeclara oppidi, Cic.. the a. of 
these men. is most respectable, horum 
hominum s. est honestissima, Cic. 2). 
facies, ei, f.: you see as it were the a. of 
what is honourable, tanquam faciem 
honesti vides, Cic.: this was the a. of 
Troy, haec £{, Trojae erat, Ov. 3. 
aspectus, is @ more dreadful a., hor- 
ribilior a., Caes. 4, habitus, tis- the 
a. of the face, h. oris, Cic.: Vv MIEN. 
IV, Semblance, mere show: ie 
spécies . a fleet splendid in a., but help- 
less and wealc, praeclara classis in spe- 
ciem, sed inops et infirma, Cic.: a few 
tents were le/t for the sake of a., pauca 
ad speciem tabernacula relicta sunt, 





APPETITE 


Caes.: an a. of virtue, s. virtutis, Cic. + 
Free in a., specie liber, Liv.: v. APPA 
RENTLY. 9, frons, tis, f.: Pompey 
cultivates the friendship of Scaurus, 
but whether in a. only or sincerely is 
doubted, Pompeius Scauro studet, sed 
utrum fronte an mente dubitatur, Cic. : 
the first a. deceives many, decipit f. 
prima multos, Phaedr. 3. simila- 
crum: an a. of virtue, s. virtutis, Cic. . 
an a. of freedom, s. libertatis, Tac. 
Phr.: he assumed the a. of Ss, 
furere se simulavit, Cic.: Vv. IMAGE, 
SHADOW. VY. Wiat appears : spécies : 
a new and unusual a., nova atque inusi- 
tata s., Caes.: Cic. Phr.: to observe the 
a.s of the sly, de coelo servare, Cic. (of 
augurs, etc.): Vv. VISION, PHENOMENON. 
Vi. Probability, likelihood: q. v- 
appeasable: placabilis, e. Cic.: ‘v. 
PLACABLE. 
appeasableness: placabilitas : Cic.: 
V. PLACABILITY. 
appease: 1. pliaco, 1 (with re- 
ference to angry or hostile feeling): to 
a. the gods, numen deorum p., Caes.: fo 
a. and soften the feelings, animos p. ac 
lenire, Cic.: Hor. 9, sedo, 1 (to 
quiet any agitated feeling): to a. thirst, 
sitim s., Lucr.: Phaedr. (v. TO QUENCH): 
toa. hunger, famems., Plin.. to a. the 
feelings of the soldiers, animos militum 
s., Liv.: to a. rage, rabiem s., Hor. 
3. compono, pdsiii, positum, 3 (#0 
bring together; adjust; reconcile): to 
a. the agitated waves, motos c. fluctus, 
Virg.. to a. a tumult, tumultum c., 
Lucan. 4, mulcéo, si,sum, 2 (v. TO 
CARESS, SOOTHE): toa. any one by words, 
aliquem dictis m., Virg.: to a. the waves, 
fluctus m., Virg.: Vell. 5. mitigo, 
1: toa. resentments, iras m., Ov.: to a. 
any one with money, aliquem pecunia 
m., Tac.: v. TO MITIGATE, MOLLIFY, 
ASSUAGE, 6, expio, 1 (only in cer- 
tain phr.): to a. the manes of the dead, 
manes mortuorum ex., Cic. : V.TO ALLAY, 
TO PROPITIATE. 
appeaser: qui placat, etc.. v. To 
APPEASE. 
appeasing (subs.): placatio: the a. 
of the gods, deorum p., Cic. 
appellant (one who appeals): ap- 
pellator: Cic. (Provocator is not found 
inacorresponding sense so that we must 
use either the participle provocans, or qui 
provocat, provocavit: v. TO APPEAL (1). 
appellate (adj.): mo exact word: 
*quod ad appellationes judiciorum 
attinet. 
appellation: vocabilum: nor 7s 
there so great an abundance of worus im 
our language that all things are named 
by their fixed and appropriate a.s, neque 
verborum tanta copia est in nostra lingua 
res ut omnes suis certis ac propriis voca- 
bulis nominentur, Cic.- Hor.: v. NAME. 
appellative (adj.): appellativus. 
aris. 
appellatory : appellatorius: Ulp. 
append: addo- v. TO ATTACH, ADD. 
(Not appendo, which is to pay to any 
one.) 
appendage: _ 1. appendix, icis, f.+ 
he saw that the body is an a. of the 
mind, vidit appendicem animi esse cor- 
pus, Cic.: the cities were a.s as it were 
to the greater gift, urbes velut appen- 
dices majoris muneris erat, Liv. Oy 
accessio : Epirus has always been a very 
small a. of the kingdom of Macedonia, 
minima a. semper Epirus regno Mace- 
doniae fuit, Liv.. Plin. 8. appen- 
diciila (dim.). this cause is a kind of 
little a. to the cause already decided, est 
haec causa quasi quaedam a causae 
judicatae, Cic.: Vv. ADDITION. 
appendix; Vv. APPENDAGE. Phr.; 
to write a short a. to a book, *libro 
pauca qnaedam subjicere- v. TO SUB- 
gow. As t.é, *appendix, appendi- 
cula; v. APPENDAGE, 
appertain: esse (with gen.): per- 
tineo: v. TO BELONG, PERTAIN. 
appetence: V. APPETITE, DESIRE. 
appetite: |, Any natural desire: 
1, appétitus, appétitio, appétentia 
(these three cognate words are precisely 





APPLAUD 


synonymous in the sense of appetite: 
but appetitio also denotes the act of 
seeking or aiming at something, while 
both it and appetentia are of less fre- 
quent occurrence): appetite, which the 
Greeks call opun, appetitus quae est op.n 
Graece; appetitiones quas illi opuas 
nominant, Cic.: to control the a.s, appe- 
titus regere, sedare, contrahere, Cic. : 
unbridled a., effrenata appetentia, Cic. 
2. ciipiditas (stronger and more 
active than the preceding; it usu. de- 
notes that the particular object of the 
appetite is already desired with vio- 
lence): v. DESIRE, LUST, LONGING. Il. 
Actual desire for food: 1, appétentia 
(cibi): to provoke the a. by drinking, in- 
vitare vino a. ciborum, Plin. 2, ap- 
pétitio (the context showing that the 
reference is to food): Gell. 3. vo- 
luntas cibi capiendi: Gell. 4, cup- 
iditas cibi: Cels. §, cibi potionisque 
aviditas (evidently used of an eager 
desire for): Cic.; also, aviditas ad cibos, 
IF 6, Gsiritio (stronger than the 
foregoing and denoting actual hungri- 
ness): Gell. Phr.: to get an a. by 
walking, famem ambulando obsonare, 
Cic : to have ana. for small fish, pisci- 
culos appetere, Suet.: J begin dinner 
with a good a., integram famem ad 
ovum affero, Cic.: to take one’s meals 
with a good a., libenter edere, coenare, 
Cic.: Plin. ep.: to pacify a ravenous a., 
stomachum latrantem lenire, Hor.: a 
good a., jejunus stomachus (fig.), Hor. : 
to provoke a. bij a vomit, éwetexyv agere, 
Cic.: the satisfying of a., cibi satietas, 
Cic.: to have no a. for a thing, fasti- 
dire aliquid, Hor.: v. HUNGER. 
applaud: |. Zo express approba- 
tion by audible signs: 1, plaudo, 
plausi, sum, 3 (to clap hands: intrans.): 
now spectators, a. loudly! nunc specta- 
tores, clare plaudite! Pl.: to tire one’s 
hands with a.ing, manus suas in plau- 
dendo consumere, Cic. 2. applaudo, 
3 (with acc. or dat.; the latter in Cic.): 
to a. a play, fabulam a., Pl.: what class 
of citizens is most a.’d? cui generi 
civium maxime applauditur ? Cic. By 
astrépo, tli, 3 (to a. vociferously): the 
mob a’d him as he said this, haec 
dicenti astrepere vulgus, Tac. Il. Zo 
approve, praise; whether by outward 
demonstrations or not: 1. approdbo, 
I: V. TO APPROVE. 9. favéo, favi, 
fautum, 2 (with dat.): v. TO PRAISE, 
APPROVE. 
applauder: |. In _ theatrical 
sense (V.TOAPPLAUD,I.): 1, plausor: 
ahired a.(claqueur), p. redemptus, Petr. : 
Hor. 2. applausor: Plin. Pan. 3: 
Expr. by imperf. part.; esp. in pl.: as, 
a great number of a.s, plaudentium 
magnus numerus: V. TO APPLAUD. |], 
In a general sense: one who approves 
or praises: 1, laudator: an a. of the 
past, 1. temporis acti, Hor.: v. PRAISER. 
9, fautor: v. FAVOURER. 8, expr. 
by part. (cf. supr. 1. 3.): as, the crowd of 
a.s, turba faventium, Hor.: to smile on 
a.s, to hate censurers, *laudantibus arri- 
dere, culpantes odisse. 
applause: |. Approbation arui- 
bly expressed : . plausus, us (@ 
clapping of the hands): the plebs signi- 


jied its congratulation to me by very 


great a., a plebe plausu maximo est 
mihi gratulatio significata, Cic. Phr.: 
to excite loud a., plausus et clamores 
movere, Cic.: to express hearty approval 
of anything by uproarious a., incredibili 
clamore et plausu aliquid comprobare, 
Cic. 9, clamor, acclamatio (cheers) : 
VY. ACCLAMATION. 3. assensio (ex- 
pression of agreement): frequent bursts 
of a., crebrae assensiones, Cic.: the a. of 
the people, assensio popularis, Cic. 4. 
assensus, tis: others perform their parts 
by a., alii partes assensibus implent, Ov. 

5, favor: Panurgus brought a. with 
him on to the stage, favoremsecum in 
scenam attulit Panurgus, Cic.: Virg. 

Il. Praise in general: 1, laus: 
V. PRAISE. 2, plausus (fig.): to be- 
stow a. on amy one, alicui plausus im- 


pertire, Cic.: to fish for a., p. captare, 


ATT Gy: 


Cic. Phr.: @ speech deserving of 4., 
plausibilis cratio, Sen. 

apple: malum (including various 
sorts of fruits, as the orange, peach, 
etc.: q. v.): from the eggs to the a.s, 
i.e. from beginning to end, with refer- 
ence to the first and the last course, ab 
ovo usque ad mala, Hor.: Plin. Fig.: 
the a. of discord, discordiae m., Justin: 
an a, core, mali volva, Scrib.: an a. pie 
or tart, scriblita ex malis facta: a. 
Sauce, pulmentum ex malis confectum. 
—Nore. Pomum is far more comprehen- 
sive than malum: v. FRUIT. 

apple (of the eye): Vv. PUPIL, EYE. 

apple-tree: malus, i, f.: Varr.: 
Virg. 

avpliance: |. Application, q. v.: 
idhibitio: appdsitio. |, Esp. in pl. 
instruments and materials: Phr.: all 
the a.s for refitting ships, (omnia) quae 
ad naves reficiendas usui sunt, Caes. : 
V. INSTRUMENTS. 

applicability: Phr.: 7 do not see 
the a. of that argument, *istud argu- 
mentum quo pertineat non perspicio: 
V. APPLICATION (fin.): there is no doubt 
of the a. of tron to useful purposes, *non 
dubium est quin magnas ferrum com- 
moditates ad usum hominum habeat. 

applicable: 1, commddus: no 
law is a. to all, nulla lex commoda 
omnibus est, Liv. 9. convéniens, 
ntis: this circumstance (fable) may be 
a. to the avaricious, haec res avaris c. 
esse potest, Phaedr. To be a., convénit, 
venit, 4 (impers.) : the insult was a. to 
the greatest part of the citizens, contu- 
melia ad maximam partem civium con- 
venit, Cic.: v. TO APPLY. 

applicant: pétitor (chiefly with 
reference to an office): Hor.: Macr.: v. 
PETITIONER, CANVASSER. 

application: |. The act of 
putting to: 1, iidhibitio: the a. of 
cupping-glasses, cucurbitarum a., Mare. 


Emp. 2. appisitio: the a. of a 
cupping-glass, cneurbitae a., Coel. 
Aur. 3. expr. by part. of verb: as, 


he supports the lad’s fleeting life by the 
a. of herbs, pueri animam admotis fu- 
gientem sustinet herbis, Ov.: lo cure 
by the a. of cupping-glasses, *cucurbitis 
adhibitis s. corpori appositis, sanare: v. 
TO APPLY; EMPLOYMENT. Il. The 
thing applied: expr. by phr.: as, the 
leaves are employed alone as anexternal 
a., imponuntur per se folia, Plin.: 
myrtle wine is useful as an a., myrtida- 
num prodest appositu, Plin. Wh. The 
act of requesting: pétitio (esp. for an 
office): an a. for the consulship, p. 
consulatus, Caes.: Cic.: I cannot refuse 
your a., petitioni tuae negare non sus- 
tineo, Traj. ap. Plin.; v. CANVASS, RE- 
QUEST. IV. Direction of mind or 
effort : 1, stiidium: to bestow a. and 
labour upon any thing, s. operamque in 
aliqua re ponere, Cic. 2. sedilitas: 
Ov.: Suet.: v. INDUSTRY, DEVOTION, 
TO DEVOTE (ONESELF). V. Reference, 
relation: Phr.: what then is the a. of 
this lengthy speech? quorsum {gitur 
haec spectat tam longa oratio? Cic.: 
they confirm these things by explaining 
the a. of each, haec confirmant, inter- 
pretando quorsum quidque pertineat, 
Cic.: the a. of this (a fable) is to those 
who, etc., hoc dictum est illis qui, etc. ; 
hoc pertinere ad illos dixerim. Phaedr, ; 
so, haec significat fabula, ete., Phaedr. 
apply : A, Trans.: 1. Tolay 
or put on or to (lit. and fig.): a 
Adhibéo, 2 (with ad or dat.): to a. heal- 
ing hands to wounds, medicas a. Manus 
ad vulnera, Virg.. to a. the spur to one, 
the bit to another, alteri calcaria a., al- 
teri frenos, Cic. 9. admdvéo, movi, 
motum, 2 (with ad or dat.): red-hot 
plates of metal were repeatedly a.’d to a 
Romam citizen, ardenres laminae civi 
Romano admovebantur, Cic.: to a. elo- 
quence to the minds of jurymen, animis 
judicum a. orationem, Cic. 3. ap- 
pono, pdsiii, pdsitum, 3 (with ad or 
dat.): to a. acloak toawound, paenu- 
lam ad vulnus a., Suet.: to a. @ candle 


APPOINT 





Juv. 4, impdno, 3 (esp. of medical 
as: with in or dat.): garlic ts a,.’d to 
wounds, allium imponitur in yulnera, 
Plin. 5, siperpono, 3 (used lke im- 
pono): Cels.: Plin. 6, subdo, didi, 
ditum, 3 (prop. to apply from beneath, 
with dat.): toa. spurs toa horse, calcaria 
equo s., Liv. Fig.: to a. incentives to 
the intellect, ingenio stimulos s., Ov.: to 
a. fire to the trritated minds of the sol- 
diers, irritatis militum auimis s. ignem, 
Liv. Il. Toemploy for a given pur- 
pose: conféro, tili, latum, 3 (with ad 
or in): to a. booty to the adornment of 
the city, praedas in urbis ornamenta c., 
Cic.: Vv. TO EMPLOY, DEVOTE. lll. Zo 
refer, use: q. V- IV. Yo direct one's 
attention or efforts towards: ; 
conféro, tiili, latum, 3 (with refl. pron.: 
foll. by ad): to a. oneself to literature, 
writing, se ad studia literarum, ad stu- 
dium scribendi c., Cic. 2. aAdhibéo, 
2: a. your mind, animum adbibe, Luer.: 
a. yourself to true reason, te adhibe 
veram ad rationem, Lucr. 3. applico, 
1 (with refl. pron. and ad): the mind 
a.s itself to virtue, ad virtutem animus 
se a., Cic.: to a. oneself to philosophy, se 
ad philosophiam a., Cic. 4, attingo, 
tigi, tactum, 3 (with acc. of direct object) : 
as soon as Ia.d myself to public busi- 
ness, ut primum forum attigi, Cic. 
5, incumbo, cubii, cibitum, 3 
(implying earnest application, with ad, 
un, or dat.) : he a.’d himself to the war, 
in bellum incubuit, Caes.: fo a. oneself 
to avenging the wrongs of the state, ad 
ulciscendas reipublicae injurias i., Cic. : 
to a. oneself to a new thought, novae 
cogitationi i, Tac. 6, insisto, stiti, 
3 (=incumbo, with acc., in, or dat.): 
he a.s himself wholly to the war, totus in 
bellum insistit, Caes.: to a. oneself toa 
task, muuus i., Cic.: to a. oneself to 
studies, studiis i, Quint. B. In- 
trans.: |. Zo refer or relate to: 
1, accidit, 3 (impers., foll. by in): 
that expression of yours a.s exactly to 
yourself, istuc verbum vere in te accidit, 
‘Ter. 9. pertineo, 2 (foll. by ad): 
this art is extensive in its scope, and as 
to many, haec ars late patet et ad mul- 
tos p., Cic.: he begins to see clearly how 
far each thing affects and a.s to himself, 
quatenus quicquid se attingat ad seque 
pertineat perspicere coepit, Cic.: this as 
to those people who, etc., hoc ad illos p., 
etc, Phaedr.: v. APPLICATION (fin.) 
8. convénio, 4 (with dat.): this 
complaint (in a fable) a.s to the man 
who has been cheated by hope, quem spes 
delusit, huic querela c., Phaedr.: v. aP- 
PLICABLE (2). 4, cado, cécidi, ca- 
sum, 3 (foll. by tm and acc.): these 
words a. especially to a man who, etc, 
in eum c. hoc verbum maxime, qui, etc., 
Cic. I]. 70 ask the help or advice of: 
1, aggrédior, gressus, 3: J will a. 
to Locusta (an architect) at Rome, Lo- 
custam ego Romae aggrediar, Cic. 
9. convénio, 4 (with acc.: tohavean 
interview with any one, whether on busi- 
ness, for advice or otherwise): Cic.: v. 
INTERVIEW, TO HAVE AN. 8, perfiigio, 
confiigio (to a. for protection to any 
one): v. TO FLEE FOR REFUGE; also TO 
CONSULT. 
appoint: |. To make or nomi- 
nate; with reference to offices: (a.) 
chiefly public: 1, créo, 1 (esp. of the 
people electing, or the consuls holding 
the election): Vv. TO MAKE, CREATE. 
9. facio, féeci, factum, 3: these 
consuls were a.’d, hi consules facti sunt, 
Cic.: to a. any one heir, aliquem here- 
dem f., Cic.: v. TOMAKE. 3, désigno, 
I (esp. of the people appointing magis- 
trates) : that those should hold the decem- 
virate whom the people a.’d, ut ii decem- 
viratum habeant quos plebs designa- 
verit, Cic.: esp. in phr., consul, praetor, 
designatus: i.e. a.'d fo, but not yet en 
tered on an office: Vv. ELECT. 4 
destino, r (sim. to designo, but esp. 
used of arbitrary appointments): fo a 
a king in room of Pacorus, regem in 
Pacori locum d., Liv. (Liv. also has 


to the folding dooys, candelam valvis a., | consules destinare, Io, 215 but the 


41 


APPOINTMENT 


APPROACH 





word there rather means to mark out | 


for the office.) 5, praeficio, féci, 
fectum, 3 (to a. to a command: with 
dat.) : toa. any one to the command of 
the fleet, aliquem classi p., Caes.: Cic. : 
to a. to the conduct of the war, aliquem 
imperatorem bello p., Cic.: v. TO SET 
OVER. 6. praepono, posui, positum, 3 
(with dat.: i.q. 5) to a.any one governor 
of a province, aliquem provinciae p., 
Cic.: toa. any one to the supreme com- 
mand, aliquem summae rerum p., Just. 
Phr.: to a. a magistrate in the place 
of another, magistratum sufficere, Liv. : 
V. TO SUBSTITUTE. (b.) chiefly personal 
and private: 1, statuo, ti, itum, 3: 
he was a.ing me arbiter i this matter, 
arbitrum me statuebat hujus rei, Cic. 
2. constituo, 3: Caesar had a.’d 

Commius king, Caesar Commium re- 
gem constituerat, Caes.: Cic.: to a. 
guardians for minors, tutores papillis 
c., Dig. 3. insiituo, 3: to a. a guar- 
dian, tutorem in., Cic.: to a. any one 
heir, aliquem heredem i., Cic. (Of the 
three preceding words, constituo is the 
most widely used in the sense of to ap- 
point: instituo seems to be chiefly used 
of appointing a guardian or hei: statuo 
is more frequently = to fiz, settle, de- 
termine: q. V.) 4. scribo, psi, ptum, 
3 (to a. by writing): he had publicly 
madea will and a.’d him heir, testa- 
mentum palam fecerat et illum heredem 
seripserat, Cic.: toa. a guardian to one’s 
children, tutorem liberis suis s., Cic.: 
Hor. 5, ascribo (ads.), 3: to a. a 
guardian to a son, tutorem filio a., Cic.: 
Vv. TO NAME, NOMINATE. J, Zo /jiz, 
settle, determine: q. Vv. 

appointment: |. The act of 
appointing: 1, créatio: the a. of 
magistrates, c. magistratuum, Cic. 2). 
désignatio: Tac. 8. ordinatio : Suet. 
Phr.: thea. of magistrates was trans- 
ferred to the senate, comitia ad Patres 
translata sunt, T'ac.: the a. of lieute- 
nants rests with the commander, *jus 
legatorum praeficiendorum penes im- 
peratorem est. ||. An agreement to 
meet: constititum: he replied that he 
had an a. with you, rescripsit c. se 
tecum habere, Cic.: if you have anu a. 
with the gout, contrive to put it off till 
another day, si quod c. cum podagra 
habes, fac ut in alium diem differas, 
Cic.: v. AGREEMENT. II]. 4 command, 
direction, q. Vv. IV. Equipment, q. v. 

apportion: divido, visi, visum, 3: 
to a. places to the commanding officers 
loca praefectis d., Liv.: to a. two farms 
to two sons, duo praedia natis duobus d., 
Hor.: to a. times for business and 
amusements, tempora curarum remis- 
sionumque d., Sen.: v. TO DISTRIBUTE, 
ALLOT. 

apportioner: divisor: v. DISTRIBU- 
TOR. 


apportionment: divisio: v. pis- 
TRIBUTION, ALLOTMENT. 
apposite: 1, appositus: a line of 


argument most a. to a judicial investi- 
gation, argumentatio appositissima ad 
judicationem, Cic. 2. aptus: argu- 
ments a. to each kind of causes, argu- 
menta apta singulis causarum generibus, 
Cic.: v. APPLICABLE, SUITABLE, FIT. 
appositely : 1, apposite : to speak 
a. for persuasion, a. ad persnasionem 
dicere, Cic. Q. apté: to speak a. and 
rhythmically, a. numeroseque dicere, 
Cic.: Vv. PERTINENTLY, FITLY. 
appositeness: Phr.: all his ve- 
marks were characterized by a., * nibil 
dicebat nisi quod ad rem apte pertineret; 
nisi quod convenienter in rem caderet . 
v. TO appry (B.). Re 
apposition (im gram.): appositio : 


appraise: aestimo, 1: v. TO VALUE. 

appraisement: aestimatio: v. As- 
SESSMENT, VALUATION. 

appraiser: aestimator: v. VALUER. 

appreciable: aestimabilis, e (v. 
rare): Cic. Fin. 3,6, 20. Phr. the in- 
fluence of that circumstance is so small 
as to be harely a., *tam parvo est ea res 
momento, ut vix id aestimari possit. 

42 








appreciate: aestimo, 1: he highly a.s 
his own influence, is auctoritatem suam 
magni a., Cic.: more precisely, when to 
a. = to form a just estimate of, *juste, 
ex aequo aestimare ; tantidem aestimare 
quanti aequum est. 

appreciation : 1, aestimatio : 
@ most just a., aequissima a. (based on 
Cic., who has aequissimus existimator et 
judex, Fin. 3, 2, 6): thea. of virtue, a. 
virtutis, Cic. 9. dignatio: v. RESPECT. 


apprehend: |. Yo arrest: coms 
préhendo, appréhendo: v. TO ARREST. 
I]. Zo comprehend, conceive: if 


percipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: very often in 
combination with some other word, as, 
aliquid p. et comprehendere, compre- 
hendere et p., cognoscere et p., Cic. 
2. compréhendo, di, sum, 3 (usu. in 
this sense with some such word as 
animo, cogitatione, or with another verb, 
v. supr.) : animo et cogitatione c. aliquid, 
Cie.: v. TO GRASP (11), COMPREHEND. 
8. arripio, ripai, reptum, 3 (to a. 
quickly): children quickly a. imnu- 
merable facts, pueri celeriter res innu- 
merabiles a., Cic.: to a. quichkly what is 
taught, quod doceatur celeriter a., Cic. : 
Vv. TO COMPREHEND, CONCEIVE. ll. 
To believe, be of opinion; q.v. IV. 
To entertain feur of future evil: spero 
(a neutral word), timeo, métuo, véreor: 
Vv. TO EXPECT, FEAR—NOTE. Appre- 
hendo is not found in any classical 
writer in the sense of to apprehend 
mentally. 
apprehension : |. The act of 
arresting : 1, compréhensio: the a. 
of the guilty, sontium c., Cic. i 
préhensio or prensio: the tribunes of 
the people had the right of a., tribuni 
plebis prensionem habebant, Att. Capit. 
et Varr. ap. Gell. : Vv. ARREST. 
ception, compiehension, understanding ; 
q.v. Phr.: a man of quick a., homo 


perspicax, Ter.: persons untaught and | 
slow of a., indocti stolidique, Hor.—Nore. | 


As philos. ¢.¢, Sir W. Hamilton gives 
apprehensio simplex (i.e. simple appre- 
hension), “das Begreifen” (Reid, p. 
7108, a). Ill. Qpinion, notion; q.v. 

IV. Fear of future evil: snés, ei. 
Jf. (a neutral word): the reality was bad, 
the a. much worse, res mala, s. multo 
asperior, Sall.: he found the rest safe, 


contrary to his a., cetera contra s. salva | 


invenit, Liv.: Lucan: v. FEAR, EX- 
PECTATION. Phr.: J shall not cease to 
have a.s about Carthage, until I hear 
that she is rased to the ground, non 
desinam vereri de Carthagine, donec 
penitus excisam cognovero, Cic. 
apprehensive; timidus: v. FEARFUL. 
apprentice: 1, discipilus: PL 
Aul. 3, 1, 4 (the Eng. word signifies 
prop. a learner, from apprendre). 2. 
tiro: Cic.: a young ap., tirunculus, Sen. 
8, alumnus: as ap. to @ shoemaker, 
sutrinae tabernae al., Tac. A. 15, 34. 
More definitely, and in the legal sense: 
*puer artificio alicui in certum tempus 
addictus ut ejusdem peritus fiat. (The 
mediaeval authors use apprenticius, from 
Fr. apprendre: e. g. “ apprenticii quo- 
que multi, relictis magistris suis, illuc 
accurrebant,”’ Hen. de Knighton, ap. Du 
Cange, s. v.) 
apprentice (v.): *puerum artifici 
addicere ut artem ejus discat: 
apprenticeship; tirdcinium, Sen.: 
*pueri addictio ut artem quampiam 
discat: an indenture of a., *acconven- 
tatio: M.L. (Penny Cyc. s.v. appren- 
tice); also indentura, whence our word 
is derived; the mediaeval writers use 
apprenticiatus or apprenticietus for ap- 
prenticeship: v. Du Cange, s. v. 
apprize: décéo: v. TO INFORM. 
approach (v.): |. To come or go 
near in place: 1, accédo, cessi, 
cessum, 3 (with ad, dat. [rare], or acc.) : 
the pirates begin to a. Syracuse, prae- 
dones a. incipiunt ad Syracusas, Cic.: to 
a. the walls, muris a., Liv.: he a.s the 
places, loca accedit, Sall.. Virg. 2) 
advento, I (prop. a frequent. v.; tobe on 
the point of arriving: VY. TO ARRIVE): 
you ought to be a.ing, and to be already 


I. Con- | 








APPROPRIATE 


close at hand, tu a. ac prope adesse jam 
debes, Cic.: Caes. Fig.: disasler was 
a.ing the city, urbi clades adventabat, 
Liv. 3, propinquo, t (rare and chiefly 
poet.: with dat.): the day of fate as, 
Parcarum dies p., Virg.: Tac.: v. To 
NEAR. 4. appropinquo, 1 (with ad 
or dat.): to a. the mountain tops, ad 
juga montium a., Liv.: the soldiers a’u 
the enemy, milites hostibus appropin- 
quarunt, Caes. Fig.: tous freedom a.s, 
nobis libertas a., Cic. 5, appéto, ivi, 
Itum, 3 (esp. absol. of seasons of the 
year, etc.: Vv. infr. 11): v. TO MAKE FOR, 
DRAW NIGH. 6, insto, stiti, stitum, 1 
(of that which is imminent): v. To 
PRESS ON. 7, admoveo, movi, mdtum, 
2 (with exercitum, copias, etc., and foll. 
by ad or acc. alone: of course only ofa 
military approach): Hannibal had ad 
Lacinium, Lacinium H. admoverat co- 
pias, Liv. Phr.: to prevent the enemy 
Jjrom entering harbours or a.ing the 
shore, hostem portibus et litorum ap- 
pulsu arcere, Liv. I]. Zo come near 
in respect of time: 1, appéto, 3: 
the seventh day was a.ing, dies appetebat 
septimus, Caes.: the spring was a.ing, 
ver appetebat, Liv. 2. appropinquo, 
I: winter was a.ing, hiems appropin- 
quabat, Caes. 8. insto, 1: the public 
games are a.ing, instant ludi, Cic. 4. 
incédo, 3: darkness was a.ing, tenebrae 
incedebant, Tac. ff. Zo approximate 
to, resemble : 1, accédo, 3 (with ad 
or dat.): in nothing do men a. nearer 
to the gods than in conferring safety 
upon their fellows, homines ad deos 
nulla re propius a. ad deos quam sa- 
lutem hominibus dando, Cic.: Philip 
a.d nearest to Antonius, though at a 
wide interval, Antonio Philippus proxi- 
mus accedebat, sed longo intervallo, Cic. 
2, aspiro, 1 (lit. to approach near 
enough to be able to breathe on): no one 
cun a, Africanus in warlike renown, 
bellica laude aspirare ad Africanum 
nemo potest, Cic. 
approach (subs): |, The act of 
approaching (of place or time): at 
accessus, Us: ana. to the city by night, 
a. nocturnus ad urbem, Cic.: the a. and 
departure of the sun, solis a. discessus- 


| que, Cic.: an a. to a subject of discus- 


sion, a. ad causam, Cic. 2. aditus, 
us: a. to Antony is said to be more 
difficult, a. ad Antonium difficilior esse 
dicitur, Cic.: v. ACCESS. 3. adventus, 
us (usu. = arrival, q. v.): the a. of 
evils, malorum a., Cic. 4, appulsus, 
us (prop. of the a. of a ship to the shore: 
hence of other kinds of a. which are 
characterized by forcible motion): thea. 
of the sun, a. solis, Cic. 5, appro- 
pinquatio (of time only): the a. of death, 
mortis a., Cic. Il. A means of ap- 
proaching : 1, accessus, is: to e&- 
amine every a., omnem a. lustrare, Virg. 
2. aditus, is: a gently sloping a., 

leniter acclivis a., Caes.: he carefully 
inquires about the a.s and roads into the 
country of the Suevi, aditus viasque in 
Suevos perquirit, Caes. 3. appulsus, 
us, m. (of the a.s toa place by sea): the 
island of the Batavi, on account of its 
convenient a.s, insula Batavorum ob 
faciles a., ‘l'ac. Il]. The works by 
means of which besiegers draw near to 
the place besieged : Spéra, um (including 
the entire siege-works) : the Gauls some- 
times made attempts upon our a.8, non- 
nunquam opera nostra Galli tentare, 
Caes.: Liv. 

approachable: v. ACCESSIBLE. 

approbation: _ 1, approbatio (not 
probatio: v. PROOF): assent and a., 
assensus et a., or assensio atque a., Cic.: 
the unbounded a. of men, ingens a. ho- 
minum, Liv.: to excite a., a. movere, 
Cic. Fig.: love sneezes out his a., amor 
sternuit approbationem, Cat. 2: 
comprobatio (v. rare): the a. of what is 
honourable, c. honestatis, Cic. - v. APPRO- 
VAL, 8, laus: v. PRAISE.— NOTE, 
For approbation expressed with outward 
signs and gestures, V. APPLAUSE. 

appropriate (v.): |, Losetapart 
Sor a particular purpose : 1, dica, 


APPROPRIATE 


Ate Tt 


ARBITRARILY 








1: read on, I a. the service of my ears 
to you, recita, aurium operam tibi dico, 
PL: wea. the whole of this day to you, 
hunc tibi totum dicamus diem, Cic.: v. 
TO DEDICATE, DEVOTE. 2. dico, dixi, 
dictum, 3; to a. all one’s money for a 
dowry, pecuniam omnem suam doti d., 
Cic.: v. TO SET APART. Il. Ze take 
for oneself (esp. in exclusion of others) : 
1. arrdgo, 1 (i. e. to claim presump- 
tuously): with dat. of pron. reflect. : 
what they a. from other men’s merit, 
that they do not allow to me from my 
own, quod ex aliena virtute sibi arro- 
t, id mihi ex mea non concedunt, 
Sail 9. ascisco (ads.), scivi, scitum, 
3 (without any invidious sense: v. TO 
ADMIT, ADOPT): with dat. of pron. re- 
flect.: which neither earth nor sicy has 
a.d, quae neque terra sibi ascivit neque 
maximus aether, Lucr.: to a. a town, 
sibi oppidum a., Cic.: toa. the praise of 
eloquence, eloquentiae laudem uni sibi a., 
Tac. 8, attrecto, 1 (to lay hands on 
dishonestly): to a. the king’s treasures, 
Tegias gazas a., Liv. 4, vindico, 1 (to 
assert aclaim: v.TO CLAIM): with pron. 
reflect. : each one a.s some part of what 
remains, ceterarum rerum partem ali- 
quam sibi quisque vindicat, Cic.: toa. 
the greater part of (the merit of) a 
victory, victoriae majorem partem ad se 
v., Liv. 5, simo, sumpsi, sumptum, 
3: with dat. of pron. reflect.: to a. the 
functions of a commander-in chief, sibi 
imperatorias partes s., Caes. 6. 
assumo, } (constr. same as sumo): to a. 
to oneself what one has taken from 
another, quod alteri quis detraxerit sibi 
a.,Cic. (Both in this and in the fore- 
going word, the notion of wrongfulness 
lies not in the verb, but in the context: 
in another place Cic. has, si id mihi as- 
sumo, videor id meo jure quodam modo 
vindicare, i.e. “If I tale thusm ‘ch to 
mysclf, I seem therein to be in amanner 
claiming my own right,’ Otf. 1, 1, 2: 
similarly with vindico and other words: 
thus, to a. to oneself exclusively the title 
of philosopher, may be expr. by sibi uni 
nomen philosophi inscribere, cf. Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 26, 73). : 
appropriate (aqj.): J, Belonging 
peculiarly to, peculiar: proprius : this is 
the a. character of a letter, that it in- 


forms him to whom it is addressed of 


circumstances not known to him, hoc est 
epistolae proprium, ut is ad quem scri- 
bitur de his rebus quos ignoret, certior 
fiat, Cic.: v. PECULIAR. I]. Suitable : 
congriens, entis (with dat.): an action 
a. to the mind, c. actio menti, Cic.: a fit 
and a. style of speaking, genus dicendi 
aptum etc., Cie. : v. APPOSITE, SUITABLE, 
FIT. 
appropriately: v. apté, congru- 
enter: Vv. FITLY, SUITABLY. 
appropriateness: convénientia : 
congruentia : Vv. SUITABLENESS, FITNESS. 
appropriation: usu. exp. by ger. 
or other part of verb: e. g. they resolved 
on the a. of the money to building a tem- 
ple, *statuerunt templum e pecunia aedi- 
ficare: by the a. of what one has taken 
from another, *id quod alteri detraxerit, 
sibi assumendo: v. TO APPROPRIATE. 
approval: 1, approbatio: Cic.: 
Liv. 2. comprobatio: Cic.: v. ap- 
PROBATION. Phr.; I am glad that my 
books meet with your a., lib-os (meos) 
tibi probari gaudeo, Cic.: nol to meet 
with the a. of the multitude, non probari 
in vulgus, Cic.: not without the a. of the 
gods, non sine dis, Hor.: without the a. 
of Jove, Jove non probante, Hor. : without 
the a. of Minerva, as the saying is, i.e. 
in opposition to your genius, invita, ut 
aiunt, Minerva, i\ est, adversante et 
repugnante natura, Cic.: Hor. 
approve: |. Zo regard as right 
and (sometimes) to command: LE 
proébo, 1: I greatly praise and a of your 
plan, istam rationem laudo vehementer 
et p., Cic.: to a. of a place, locum p., 
Cic. 2. apprdbo, 1: the R. people a.d 
of my oath, populus R. meum fusjuran- 
dum approbavit, C.c.: they a. the speech, 
orationem approbant, Caes.: Liv. 





3.| 


comprobo, 1: I very strongly a. of that 
opinion of yours, istam tuam sententiam 
vehementissime comprobo, Cic. (lhe 
foregoing words are nearly equivalent, 
but comprobo is the strongest.) 4. 
scisco, Scivi, scitum, 3 (usu. of the sanc- 
tion of the people in its 
capacity): the consuls legully asked the 
assent of the people, and the people legally 
a.d, consules populum jure rogaverunt, 
populusque jure scivit, Cic. a- 
scisco, 3} (rare in this sense: v. 
ADMIT, ADOPT): the Latins a.d what the 
R. people had directed, quod populus R. 
jusserat, Latini asciverunt, Cic. 6. 
annio, ti, 3 (with dat.: chiefly poet.) : 
a. my bold undertaking, audacibus 
annue coeptis, Virg. Phr : toa. o/ an 
alliance, societatem ratam) wucere, Liv. - 
your proceedings will be a.d by me, ista 
rata mihi erunt, Cic.: £ do not a. of the 
transaction, nollem factum, ‘Ver.: Cic. : 
that (poet) is a.d by all, who blends the 
useful and the agreeable, omne tulit 
punctuin qui miscuit utile dulci, Her. : 
do you a. of everything ? tu nihil repre- 
hendis? Hor.: J should like them to a., 
quibus haec arridere velim, Hor.: to a. 
with outward signs, clapping, ete., 
plaudo, applaudo: v. TO APVLAUD. 
Il. Zo prove, show oneself to be: v. 

TO PROVE. 
approved (adj.): spectatus: most 
illusirtous and a. men, clarissimi et 


spectatissimi viri, Cic.: v. PROVED, 
TRIED. 
approver: |. One who approves ; 


1, proébator: what difference is 
there between the adviser and the a. of a 
decd? quid interest inter suasorem 
facti et probatorem ? Cic. 2. appro- 
bator: you were the a. of my journey, 
profectionis meae a. fuisti, Cic. 5 
comprobator: Cic.: wv. PRAISER, AP- 
PLAUDER (II). — J, One u.ho gives evi- 
dence against an accomplice: index, 
Icis (prop. an informer), may be used 
when the context serves to define it: 
Cic.: but perhaps the phrase, index 
idem et testis (Tac.), is preferable: still 
more definite would be, corréus (Nep.) 
idem et testis. 

approximate (adj.): propinquus: 
proximus: v. NEAR, NEXT. 
approximate (v.): accédo: v. To 
APPROACH (III). 
approximation: Phr.: the most 
successful of human productions are 
only a.s to perfection, *ve! optima homi- 
num opera ad perfectionem prope qui- 
dem accedere possunt, non tamen eam 
attingere : the nearest a., *quod proxi- 
mum est: Vv. NEXT, NEAREST. 
approximative : quod prope accedit. 
appurtenance: appendix: y. ar- 
PENDAGE. 
appurtenant: 
ANNEXED. 
apricot: malum arméniacum or 
arménium (or without malum): Col: 
an a. tree, arméniaca: Col.: Plin. 
April: Aprilis, is, m., or mensis 
Aprilis, Cic.: the 13th of A., Apriles idus, 
Ov.: the 1st of A., kalendae Apriles, Caes. 
apron: |. An article of dress: 

1. praecinctorium: Aug. (of the fig- 
leaf “aprons” in Genesis). 2. suc- 
cinctorium: Aug. — Note. Both the 
above words are post-class.: the use of 
the tunic appears to have rendered that 
of an apron unnecessary. The words 
subligaculum, subligar, campestre, de- 
note a kind of drawers, not an apron. 

I]. 4 flat piece of lead to cover the 
vent of a cannon: Sperciilum or bpéri- 
mentum (both used by Cicero in the 
general sense of ‘“‘ covering ’’). Wl. 4 
covering used to protect the legs of per- 
sons riding in open vehicles: Spercilum 
or Opérimentum (v. No. 1). 

aprovos: opportunely, seasonably ; 
q.v. Phr.: a. of that (introducing 
something connected with what was 
before mentioned), quod ad illud at- 
tinet; quod dicis, quod dictum est, etc.: 
V. AS FAR AS. 

apsis : absis or apsis, idis, f.: Plin. 

apt: Fit, suitable, adapted, 


Vv. BELONGING TO, 


legislative | 


TO | 


— 


appropriate: aptus, iddneus, apposite: 


Vv. FIT, SUITABLE, ADAPTED, APPRO- 
PRIATE. [|]. Inclined, prone ; pronus, 
propensus: Vv. INCLINED, PRONE. Phr.: 


shade 1s a. to be hurtful to singers, 
| Solet esse gravis cantantibus umpbra, 
Virg.: v. TO BE ACCUSTOMED, WONT. 
| Apt to may sometimes be expr. by a 
| derived adjective: as, a. to get into a 
passion, iracundus, iracundior : 
forge, immemor: for which 
nearest adj. 

aptitude: i.e. natural tendency or 
Sitness : ], habilitas (v. rare): the a.s 
of the body, habilitates corporis, Cic. 

2, ingénium (i.e. ability, genius; 

q. V.): a. Jor invention, ad fingendum 
i, Cic.: V. FITNESS, SUITABLENESS. 

aptly: apté, apposité: v. rirLy 
SUITABLY, PERTINEXTLY. 

aptness: |. #tiness, suitableness, 
q.Vv. convénientia: congrientia, ll. 
Aptitude, tendency, piopensity ; q. v.: 
habilitas: proclivitas. Il]. Quickness, 
readiness: q.V.: sollertia 

aptotes (indeclinable nouns): aptd- 
ta, n. plu.: Diem. 
moauatortis : *acidum nitricum: 


a, 


see 


to 
the 





Aquarius: Aquarius: Cic. 

aquatic: 1. <Aqzatilis, e: a. 
animals, bestiae a., Cic. ; Aaquatilia, lum : 
Plin. 2. aquaticus: the a. lotus, 
aquatica lotus, Ov.: a. birds, aves a., 
Plin. 

aquatinta: *caelatura in aere ope 


acidi nitrici facta. 

aqueduct: — 1. aquae ductus, iis 
Cic.: Plin. : 2. aquarum ductus, iis: 
Plin—Nore. An aqueduct is also often 
called aqua when its proper designation 
is added; as, Aqua Marcia, A. Julia, ete.: 
vy. Dict. Ant. pp. 109, sqq. 


aqueous: Aquatllis: Aquosus: vy, 
WATERY. 
aquiline: |. Pertaining to the 


eagle: iquilinus: Pl. Il. Hooked 
like an eagle’s beak: aduncus: an a. 
nose, nasus ad., Ter.: Hor. 

arabesques: *ormamenta more 
Arabum trondibus et floribus distincta 
(Kr.); *picturae monstra (cf. Vitr. 7, 5, 
3); rerum quae nec sunt nec fieri pos- 
sunt nec fuerunt imagines (Georg.). Of 
these phr. the first seems preferable ; as 
the Arabesque ornamentation is based on 
foliage: the two latter (G.) are far too 
vague. Perhaps *Saracenica ornamenta 
may be used as ¢.¢.: or, *ornamenta 
Saracenica, more festivissimo floribus et 
foliis cujusvis generis dlistincta, 

arable land: 1], arvum: mea- 
dows and a, lands, prata et arva, Cic.; 
the Numidians pay more attention to 
green crops than to a. land, Numidae 
pabulo pecoris magis quam arvo student, 
Sall. Q. aratio: Plin. 8. arati- 
unciila (a small piece of a. land): PI. 





arbalist: arciiballista: Veg. 
arbalister: arciiballistarius: Veg. 
arbiter: |, Legal t.¢.: v. ARBI- 


TRATOR. [l. In gen. one who decides 
on any differences: arbiter, tri: an a. 
between the old Academy and Zeno, a 
inter antiquam Academiam et Zenonem, 
Cic.: Paris, thea. of beauty, Paris, a. 
formae, Ov. II]. 4 governor, master : 
1, déminus: v. LORD, MASTER. = 
arbiter: Mars the a. of arms, Mars ar- 
morum a., Ov.: the a. of a kingdom, 
regnia, Tac.: the gods, the a.s of power- 
Jul nations, dii potentium populorum 
arbitri, Tac. 
arbitrarily : i.e. according to one’s 
mere will or” caprice: 1, ad arbi- 
trium (with adj. pron.): the Roman 
people is accustomed to rule the com- 
quered a., populus R. victis ad suum a, 
imperare consuevit, Caes. 2. ad 
libidinem (also with adj. pron.): to 
harass any one a., ad 1. suam aliquem 
vexare, Cic. 8, ex libidiné: /ortune 
renders all things renowned or obscure, 
a. rather than in accordance with fact, 
fortuna res cunctas ex |. magis quam ex 
vero celebrat oDscuratque, Sall. 4, li- 
| bidinosé : what he did a.,what wickedly, 
| what cruelly, quae ille 1., quae nefarie, 
3 43 


ARBITRARY 


ARCHIVES 


ARGUE 





quae crudeliter fecit, Cic.: Sall.: v. 
ABSOLUTELY, DESPOTICALLY. 

arbitrary: |, Depending on the 
mere will: \ibidindsus: very a. acquittals, 
libidinosissimae liberationes, Cic. Phr.: 
an a. punishment. *poena ex libidine 
sumpta. In philos. language: the voli- 
tions of the mind are not purely 4a., 
*voluntas hominis non ex mera animi 
libidine pendet ; voluntates nostrae non 
omnino temerariae sunt, s. temere fiunt. 

Il. Absolute, despotic ; q. v.: impéri- 

Osus: stuperbus. 

arbitrate: discepto, 1: to a. between 
the people and the king, inter populum 
et regem d., Liv.: Cic.: v. TO DECIDE, 
JUDGE, 

arbitration: 1, arbitrium: a 
judgment is one thing, an a. another, 
aliud est judicium, aliud a., Cic.: an a. 
respecting a dowry, a. rei uxoriae, Cic. 

2, arbitratus, us: Cato: v. DE- 

CISION (v. also foll. art.) 

arbitration, pertaining to: arbi- 
trarius: Gai.: Ulp. (in certain pbr., as 
judicium, actio, a.: i.e. a case in which 
arbitration, or as we say equity, is exer- 
cised by the judge). 

arbitrator: 1, arbiter, tri: also 
arbiter litis: Cic.: owr neighbours here 
are at variance about their boundaries, 
and have chosen me as a., vicini nostri 
hic ambigunt de finibus; me cepere a., 
Ter.; also arb. sumere, adigere, and in 
less formal sense (Att. 15, I, 2), statuere, 
Cic.: to appoint an a. to two parties, 
aliquem arbitrum dare, Cic. Off. 1 Io, 
33: to have recourse to an a., ad a. adire, 
confugere, Cic.: Caesar, as their common 
friend and a., wished to settle the dis- 
putes of the kings, Caesar volebat pro 
communi amico atque arbitro contro- 
versias regum componere, Caes. ). 
disceptator: a private a., domesticus 
d., Cic.: he says that he has been chosen 
a. between the father and the son, 
disceptatorem, ait, se sumptum inter 
patrem et filium, Liv.: v. UMPIRE. 
Nore. Disceptator is less frequent than 
arbiter, and appears especially to be 
used of non-legal disputes. Cic. com- 
bines the two (Fam. 13, 26) “ te arbitro, 
et quod eommodo tuo fieri posset, te 
disceptatore uterentur,” where the latter 
word perhaps refers to the more careful 
discussion of a case. 

arbitrement: arbitrium: 
uM: Vv. ARBITRATION, DECISION. 

arborescence: *species arbori si- 
milis quae in metallis apparere solet. 
yapborescent : *arborescens, entis: 


judici- 


arbour: 1, umbraciilum: Cic.: 
irg. 9. trichila: Virg.: Col. 
arbute: |. The tree: 1, arbi- 
tus, i, f.: Virg.: Hor. 9. arbiitum: 
Virg. 8. wnédo, dnis, m.: Plin. 
Wl. Thefruit: 1, arbiitum: Luer.: 
Virg. Q. arbiitéus fetus: Ov. 3! 
anédo: Plin. 


arc: arcus, ts: ¢.¢.: v. ARCH. 

arcade: 1, porticus, iis, f. : v. por- 
TICO, COLONNADE. Q. janus,i,m.: the 
top or bottom of the a., j. summus, 
imus: Hor.: Cic.: Liv.—Nore. Janus 
was prop. the name of a particular 
arcade in the forum, but the term was 
also applied to all arched passages (“« Jani 
dicebantur omnes transitiones perviae, 
sive aedificia fornicata et pervia,” For- 
cell. s. v.). 

arch (subs.): 1, fornix, icis, m.: 
the Fabian a., Fabius fornix, Cic.: a.s 
in awall, fornices in muro, Liv. Fig.: 
the a.s of the sky, fornices coeli, Enn. 
(censured by Cic.) 2. arcus, is: a 
low a., humilis a., Ov.: a marble a., 
marmoreus a., Suet.: Tac.: a black a. of 
waters (i.e. the curved billows), niger a. 
aquarum, Ov. Phr.: constructed on 
as, or adorned with them, fornicatus: 
Vv. ARCHED.—NOTE. Fornix and arcus 
are both used in the sense of a tri- 
umphal arch, but the epithet triwmph- 
alis rarely, if ever, occurs in the clas- 
sical writers. 

arch (v.): 1, arcuo, 1: i.e. to 
construct in the form of an a. (rare) - 


44 


the (millipede) which does not a. itself in 
creeping, illa quae non arcuatur, Plin. 
29, 6, 39 (where it is opposed to arcuatim 
repere, a little before\: an a.’d chariot, 
arcuatus currus, Liv.: a.’d work (of an 
aqueduct), arcuatum opus, Plin. 2). 
conciméro, ciméro (rare): v. TO VAULT. 
3, confornico, 1 (rare): to a. cella, 
buildings, cellas, structuras c., Vitr. 
4, Perhaps better than the above 
in ordinary lang., fornicibus instruere, 
suffulcire: v. TO CURVE, VAULT. 
arch (adj.): 1, argiitus: an a, 
orator, a. orator, Cic.: a. sayings, a 
dicta, Cic. 9, lascivus: Vv. PLAYFUL. 
3, milus (comicé): the a. one has 
hid herself, delituit mala, PI. 
archaeological: Phr.: a. learning 
= archaeology, q. v.: the A. Society, 
*Societas Archaeologica. 
archaeologist: *doctus literis mo- 
numentisque antiquitatis: a very emi- 
nent a., *vir literarum monumentorum- 
que antiquitatis peritissimus. 
archaeology: peritia s. scientia 
literarum monumentorumque antiqui- 
tatis (cf. Cic. pro Dom. 32, 86). 
archaism: |. Of a single word: 
1, verbum priscum et inusitatum : 
Cic. 2. verbum obsoletum: Cic. 
3. verbum priscum ac vetustun. et 
ab usu quotidiano sermonis jam diu in- 
termissum: Cic.,de Or. 3, 38, 1£3. 4. 
verbum a vetustate repetitum: Quint. 
5, verbum ab obsoleta vetustate 
sumptum: Quint. Il. Of @ phrase, or 
style: *locutio obsoleta (of a phrase); 
*antiqua ac nimis vetusta oratio; obso- 
letum dicendi genus (of a style). 
archangel ; archangélus: Hier. 
archbishop: archiépiscdpus: Cod. 
us 


archbishopric: *archiépiscdpatus, 
ts: M.L. 


archdeacon: archidiacénus: Hier. 
archdeaconry : t * archidiacina- 
archdeaconship :/ tus, is: M.L. 
archducal: to be expr. by gen. of 
archidux. 
archduchess: *archidux: M. L. 
archduchy: *archidiicatus, is: M.L. 
archduke; *archidux, diicis: M. L. 
arched: 1, fornicatus; Cic.: 
Plin. 2. arciiatus: Liv.: Plin.: (v. 
TO ARCH, 1). Phr.: an ad roof, ca- 
méra : Cic.: Sall. 
archer: |. A bowman: sigitta- 
Tius: Caes.: Cic. I]. The constella- 
tion Sagittarius : 1, sagittarius : Cic.: 
Plin. 2. sagittifer, éri: Manil. 3. 
arciténens, entis; Cic. 
archery: the practice or art of a., 
ars, usus sagittandi, Curt. Phr.: they 
teach them riding and a, with great 
industry, equitare et sagittare magna 
industria docent, Just.: in poetry, sa- 
gitta: as, to be dreaded for tlrine un- 
erring a., certa metuende sagitta, Hor.: 
so Tac., their only resource is their a., 
sola in sagittis spes, Ger. 46. 
archetypal: archétypus: Juv. 
archetype; archétypum: Varr. : 
Plin.: v. TYPE, IDEA. 
archiepiscopal: *archiépiscdpillis, 
e: M.L. 


arching (subs.): fornicatio: the a. 
of the-walls, f. parietum, Vitr.: Sen. 

archipelago: |. In gen. sense: 
*mare insulis crebrum ; *celebritas in- 
sularum. f, The Aegean sea, Aegéum 
mare: Cic. 

architect : 1, architectus: Cic.: 
an a. ought to have a knowledge of 
literature, literas architectum scire 
oportet, Vitr. 2, architecton, dnis: 
Pl.: Sen. (For the general sense, v 
CONTRIVER, MAKER.) Phr. (poet.): the 
architect of the universe, mundi opifex, 
Cic.; Vv. FRAMER. 





+ architectural:  architectdnicus: 
itr. 
architecture : 1, architectira : 
ic.: Vitr. 2. architectonicé, és, f.: 


Quint. 
architrave: épistylium: Vitr. 

archives: |, Records: 1, ta- 

| sage the public a.s, t. publicae, Cic. : 

iv. 


licae t., Cic.: Liv. I]. The place in 
which records are kept: tabularium: v. 
RECORD-OFFICE, REGISTRY. 

archly : argité: Pl.: Cic. 

archness: 1. argiitlae (of liveii- 
ness and keenness): there is some a. in 
her babbling, ejus loquacitas habet ali- 
quid argutiarum, Cic. 2, prétervitag 
(usu. in bad sense, but implying less 
reproach than petulantia or procacitas): 
pleasing a., grata protervitas, Hor. 

archon: archon, ontis: Cic. 
= archpresbyter : archipresbyter, éri: 

er. 

archpriest: pontifex maximus: Vv. 
PRIEST. 

arctic: 1, arcticus: the a. circle, 
a. circulus, Hyg. 2. arctOus: an @ 
race, arctoa gens, Mart.: v. NORTHERN. 

Arcturus: Arcturus: Cic.: Virg. 

ardency: Vv. ARDOUR. 

ardent : |. Lit.: fiery, hots 
q.v.: ardens. J, Fig.: ofthat which 
has the appearance of fire; ardens: or of 
the mind, fervidus, calidus: v. FIERY, 

ardently: ardenter: to desire a, 
a. cupere, Cic.: Vv. WARMLY, EAGERLY, 
PASSIONATELY. 

ardour: |. Heat: q.v.: calor: 
ardor. — |], Hagerness, passion : 5 
ardor: the a. of the soul towards glory, 
a. mentis ad gloriam, Cic.: the a. of the 
soldiers, a. militum, Liv.: to quench 
the a. of desires, restinguere cupiditat- 
um a., Cic. 9, fervor: mental a. and 
excitement, f. concitatioque animi, Cic : 
a. of feeling, f. pectoris, Hor.: youthful 
a., f. aetatis, Cic. 3, incitatio: a. of 
mind, animi in., Caes.: mentis in., Cic. : 
Vv. PASSION, WARMTH, FERVOUR, FIRE 
(IV. fin.). Epith.: acris, vehemens, 
divina, tanta, Cic. 

arduous: |. Lofty: q.v.: altus: 
celsus, I]. Difficult; ardiius: we af- 
tempt a great and a. task, magnum opus 
et a.conamur, Cic.: they thought nothing 
was a. for them, nihil arduum sibi ex- 
istimabant, Caes.: Hor.: v. DIFFICULT. 

arduousness:: difficultas: v. DIFFI- 
CULTY. 

area: |, Anopen space, esp. around 
or attached to a building: area (prop. 
a clear space within a city suitable for 
building on, but also used of any open 
space before, behind, or in the middle of 
a mansion): to occupy and build upon 
open areas, vacuas a. occupare et aedifi- 
care, Suet.: Cic.: we sat in the a. of the 
house (for security in apprehension of 
an earthquake), resedimus in a.domus, 
Plin. ep.: ana. on either side of the 
house, a. ab utraque parte aedium, Dig. 

{|. In geom. superficial content : 
1, aréa: Gell. Q, siiperficies, éi, 

Foe iin: 

area, a small: arédla: Plin. ep. 

arena, i.e. the open space in the 
centre of the Roman circus: 1, aréna: 
Suet.: Juv.: hence fig.: the scene or 
theatre of any kind of contention: an 
a. for civil war, civilis belli a. Hor-.: 
Plin. 2, pulvis, éris, m. (poet.): they 
control the chariots in the a., domitant in 
pulvere currus, Virg. Fig.: the a. of 
the forum, forensis pulvis, Quint.— 
Nore. For the fig. sense of arena, cf. 
FIELD (III). 

arenaceous: arénacéus, Plin. 

areola; *arédla: the a. of the breast, 
areola papillaris: M. L. (P.) 

argillaceous: argillacéus: a. earth, 
a. terra, Plin.: v. CLAYEY. 

Argo (constellation): Navis Argo- 
lica; Argo, us, f.: Cic. 

argonaut: atgénauta: che ship of 
the a.s, navis atgonautarum, Cic. 

argonautic: argénauticus (the pl. 
Argonautica is the title of some poems 
on the A. expedition): in other uses 
exp. by gen. pl. of Argonauta. 

argosy: magna navis oneraria: v. 
MERCHANTMAN. : 

argue: A,Intrans.: jf, Zo 
reason: J, argimentor,1: why should 
Ia. further ona point about which no 
one can doubt? quid porro argumentor 
qua de re dubitare nemo possit ? Cic.: 


2, tabellae: the public a.s, pub-| you ad that this was a mark of love, 
\ 


ARGUER 


ARITHMETICAL 


ARM 





argumentatus es amoris hoc esse signum, 
: also used with acc. of newt. pron. : 
he ad at length in support of that view, 
multa in eam partem argumentatus 
(est), Liv.: Cic. 2, disptito, 1: they 
a. on the opposite side, contra disputant, 
Cic.: toa. with any one upon any thing, 
d. de aliqua re cum aliquo, Cic. fe 
disséro, sérui, 3: to a. with any one, 
cum aliquo d., Cic.: the custom of a.ing 
about everything on opposite sides, 
consuetudo de omnibus rebus in con- 
trarias partes disserendi, Cic.: v. To 
piseuss. (Both this and the preceding 
word imply the careful sifting of a sub- 
ject, and notmerely disputation.) |], 70 
infer: q.v. B, Trans.: To discuss: 
q.v. Phr.: to argue a cause, causam 
agere or dicere, Cic. 
guer: dispiitator: a subile a., d. 
subtilis, Cic.: v. DISPUTANT. 
argument: |. A reason alleged in 
support or proof of any proposition : 
1, argimentum: an a. is a reason 
which gains assent to a doubtful matter, 
a. est ratio quae rei dubiae facit fidem, 
Cic.: you show by many weighty a.s that 
there are gods, multis et gravibus a. 
deos esse doces, Cic.: he endeavoured to 
refute these positions by instances rather 
than by as, ea exemplis magis quam 
argumentis conabatur refellere, Cic.: to 
amplify an a., a. dilatare, Cic.: the force 
of an a., vis argumenti, Quint.: an as- 
semblage of as, congregatio argu- 
mentorum, Quint.: some a.s it is not 
enough merely to state; they must be 
supported, quaedam a. ponere satis non 
est; adjuvanda sunt, Quint.: very pow- 
erful as, potentissima a., Quint. To 
produce or allege a.s, argumentor, 1: I 
shall not produce those circumstances 
as as, weighty as they are, illa non 
argumentabor, quae sunt gravia vehe- 
menter, Cic.: to produce probable a.s, 
probabiliter a., Liv.: v.T0 ARGUE (1). 
9. ratio: Cic.: v. REASON. ff], A 
debate, discussion: q. v.: dispitatio, 
II. The subject of a discourse or 
literary production: argimentum: the 
a. of this tragedy, a. hujus tragoediae, 
Pl.: the a. of a play, fabulae a., Ter.: 
the a. of a letter, epistolae a., Cic. So 
Milton: “vise to the height of this great 
a.,” *ad res tantas tamque excelsas eniti: 
Vv. SUBJECT. IV. An abstract or 
summary : q. V.: epitome. 
argumentation: argimentatio: a. 
ts the unfolding of an argument, a. est 
argumenti explicatio, Cic.: subtle a., 
subtilis a, Quint. (or expr. by ger. of 
argumentor): v. REASONING. 
- argumentative: vratiocinativus: 
an a. inquiry, rv. quaestio, Quint.: an a. 
style of speech, *oratio argumentis crebra 
ac referta. : 
argumentatively: Phr.: to speak 
a., *argumentis uti: sermone argumen- 
tis crebro uti. 
aria (mus. t.f.): canticnm: vy, arr. 
arid; aridus, siccus: v. bry, 
PARCHED. 
aridity: driditas, siccitas: vy. pry- 
MESS. > 
Aries (constellation): Aries, iétis, 
m.: Ov.: Hyg. 
arietation ; 4riétatio: Sen. 


aright: recté: v. RIGHTLY, coR- 
BECTLY. 
arise: |, Zo mount aloft: sublim- 





em abire , in sublime ferri, etc.: v. To 
ASCEND, MOUNT. |], Zo rise (of hea- 
venly bodies and of rising from bed, &c.); 
érior v. TO RISE. Il. Zo begin, 
spring up: 1, Srior, ortus, 4: who 
but will believe that this has arisen from 
you? hoc quis non credat abs te esse 
ortum? Ter.: a dispute arises, oritur 
controversia, Caes. 2, cddrior, 4 (used 
in preference to the simple verb when 
anumber of things, or the operation of a 
number of causes is spoken of); suddenly 
very great storms arose, subito tempes- 
tates coortae sunt maximae, Cic.: a sedi- 
tion has arisen, coorta est seditio, Virg. : 
there arose a laugh from all, risus om- 
nium coortus est, Nep.: v. TO BREAK 
our. 3, exdrior,}4 (usu. to a. sud- | 


denly: also to a. out of): may some arithmetically ; *secundum arith- 


avenger a. from our bones, exoriare ali- 
quis nostris ex ossibus ultor, Virg.: 
when this takes place, love must needs 
a., id quum contingit, amor exoriatur 
necesse est, Cic.: nly very great 
confusion arose, subito exorta est max- 
ima perturbatio, Cic.: so many wars 
suddenly arose, tot bella repente orta 
sunt, Liv. 4, exsisto, stiti, stitum, 3 
(i. e. to come into existence; to arise out 
of): a somewhat difficult question a.s, 
e. quaestio subdifficilis, Cic.: a great 
dispute a.s between them, magna inter 
eos e, controversia, Caes.: avarice must 
needs a. out of luxury, ex luxuria ex- 
sistat necesse est avaritia, Cic. 5. 
nascor, natus, 3 (lit. to be born: q.v.: 
hence fi g.,.to originate, arise): Trojan 
Caesar shall arise from beauteous ori- 
gin, nascetur pulcra Trojanus origine 
Caesar, Virg.: the departure arose from 
Sear of a revolt, protectio nata est a ti- 
more defectionis, Caes.: Cic. IV. To 
arouse oneself to action: expergiscor, 
3: V. TO BESTIR ONESELF. 
arising from (as adj.): aptus (prop. 
connected with: with ex or abl.): a 
cause arising from eternal causes, causa 
ex aeternis causis a., Cic.: to enjoy a life 
arising from virtue, vita apta virtute 
perfrui, Cic. 
aristocracy: |. 4 form of govern- 
ment, or a state, in which the nobles have 
the chief power: 1, civitas (quae) op- 
timatium arbitrio regitur, Cic. Rep. 1, 
26 (“quum regnum est penes delectos, 
tum illa civitas optimatium arbitrio regi 
dicitur,”’ Cic. 1. c.). 2. optimatium 
dominatus, ib. 27. 3, paucorum et 
principum administratio civitatis, ib. 
28. 4, patrum dominatio, ib. 32. 
5, optimatium status, ib. 44. I. 
The nobility, esp. regarded as rulers: 
1, delecti ac principes cives, ib. 26. 
9, optimates, ium: the power and 
wealth of the a., potestas atque opes 
optimatium, ib. 32: to be subject to an 
a., optimatibus servire, ib. 35. 
patres, um: thea. had the management 
of affairs, patres rerum potiebantur, ib, 
32. 4, nobiles: v. NOBILITY. 
aristocrat: |, A member of an 
aristocracy : optimas, atis (usu. plur.): 
you are ashamed of being too little of an 
a., pudet te parum opiimatem esse, Coel. 
ap. Cic.: the contests of the plebeians 
and a.s, plebis et optimatium certam- 
ina, Tac.: v. ARISTOCRACY. Il. A 
Javourer or supporter of an aristocracy : 
optimatium fautor, Nep. (applied to 
Alcibiades): also, nobilitatis fautor, Cic. 
Phr.: to bean a., optimatibus, s. opti- 
matium parti, favere. 
aristocratic: 1, optimas, atis 
(rare): an a. form (of government), ge- 
nus optimas (reipublicae), Cic. ap. Non. : 
a. ladies, matronae optimates, Enn. ap. 
Cic. 2. patricius: an a. family, p. 
familia, Cic.; p. gens, Juv. Phr.: 
to hold a. sentiments, populi potentiae 
amicum non esse ; optimatium fautor- 
em esse, Nep.: to be on the side of the 
a. party, a partibus optimatium stare: 
v. TO FAVOUR (5): to be of a. family, 
claros parentes habere, Hor.: to admire 
stupidly a. distinctions, stupere in titu- 
lis et imaginibus (referring to the busts 
of the Roman noble), Hor.: no one is 
of more a. blood than thou, nemo gene- 
rosior est te, Hor,; a man not of a. 
Samily, vir nullis majoribus ortus, Hor. : 
a. pride, contemptor animus et super- 
bia, commune nobilitatis malum, Sall. 3 
*generis s. familiae fastus, superbia 
(Vv. PRIDE): @. appearance, facies libe- 
ralis, Ter (Vv. GENTLEMANLY); Or more 
precisely, *quae sibi ortum minime 


ignobilem vindicat: Vv. NOBLE, PA- 
TRICIAN 
aristocratically: more optima- 


tium, or more patricio (Cic. uses apearo- 
Kpatixas playfully: Att. 1, 14, 3.) 
arithmetic: 1. arithmética,orum: 
Cic. 9. arithmética, or @, és: Vitr. : 
Plin. 8. niiméri, orum: @ knowledge 
of a., numerorum notitia, Quint. 
arithmetical; 4rithméticus: Vitr. 


meticas leges; ex numerorum ratione, 


arithmetician: 1. in arithmeticis 
exercitatus: Cic. 9. arithmeticorum 
peritus. 


ark: i.e. a chest orvoffer : arca: esp. 
Noal’s: the dove returning to the ark, 
rediens ad a, columba, Aug.: the dove 
brings back im its mouth to the arka 
branch of budding olive, ad a. ore co- 
lumba refert ramum viridantis olivae, 
Prud.: also of the “ ark of the testament,”’ 
a, testamenti, Vulg.: v. CHEST. 
arm: |. A limb of the human body: 
1, brachium (prop. the fore-arm, 
from the wrist to the elbow; but it 
more usu. denotes the whole arm): the 
fore and upper a.s, brachia et lacerti, 
Ov.: he attempted to throw his as 
about his father’s neck, conatus est collo 
patris dare brachia circum, Virg.: to 
break an a., b. frangere, Cic.: to keep 
time with the movement of the a.s, 
brachia in numerum jactare, Lucr. 
Fig.: the sea had stretched out its a.s, 
brachia. porrexerat Amphitrite, Ov.: cf. 
inf. (1Il.) Phr.: the tendon of the a., 
nervus brachialis, Pl.: the thickness of 
an 4., brachialis crassitudo, Plin.: @ 
small or delicate a., brachidluin, Cat. 
2. laicertus (prep. the part between 
the elbow and the shoulder; but often 
used for the whole arm) : the Jore-arms 
are placed below the upper-arms, sub- 
jecta lacertis brachia sunt, Ov.: Milo 
renowned for his sides and arms, Milo 
nobilitatus ex lateribus et 1. suis, Cic. : 
snow-white as, nivei L, Virg. 3. bi- 
mérus, prop. the shoulder, sometimes 
used poetically for lacertus, Stat —Norer. 
Htimérus is the shoulder of a man,armus 
of a quadruped: see SHOULDER. Pbr.: 
the republic will receive Pompey’s son 
with open a.s, Pompeii filium respub- 
lica sinu complexuque recipiet, Cic 
Phil. 13, 4,9: to sit with folded as, 
compressis manibus sedere, Liv.: J have 
carried him uhen a little boy in my 
a.s, puerum tantillum in manibus ges 
tavi, ler.: to carry a bundle under one's 
a., sub ala fasciculum portare, Hor, : 
who is this walking with his a.s aleimbo? 
quis hic ansatus ambulat? Pl. (comicé) : 
V. HAND, EMBRACE, PROTECTION. ll. 
Any object analogous to anarm: (a). 
an a. oj a tree, brachium: the oak shakes 
its a.s, quatit brachia quercus, Cat.: y. 
BOUGH, BRANCH. (b). an a. of the sea 
(v. supr. I. 1): v. ESTUARY. (C). the a. 
of an anchor: dens: v. FLUKE. Phr.: 
an anchor with two a.s, ancora bidens, 
Plin. (d). the a.s of polypi: Vv. FEELERS. 
©. the a. of @ chuir, ancon, Snis, m. : 
joel. Aur. II]. A weapon: télum, 
arma: Vv. ARMS, WEAPON. IV. Part, 
department (milit. ¢.¢.): Phr.: artil- 
lery ts a very important a. in all modern 
armies, *tormentorum bombardicorum 
apud omnes recentiores exercitus usus 
est maximus. Y, Power (q.v.): bra- 
chium : to lend one’s a.s to crime, brachia 
sceleri praebere, Ov. Phr.: to deliver 
any one over to the secular a., *aliquem 
magistratui ad poenas sumendas, ad sup- 
plicia, tradere: v. POWER. 
arm (v.): A. Trans.: armo,r: 
slaves were a.’d against their masters, 
servi in dominos armabantur, Cic.: the 
place itself a.’d them with stones in 
abundance, saxis eos affatim locus ipse 
armabat, Liv.: to surround one’s person 
with a.’d men, armatis corpus circum- 
sepire, Liv. Fig.: to a.the rashness of 
an excited multitude with public au« 
thority, temeritatem concitatae multi- 
tudinis auctoritate publica a., Cic.: a 
very great and superior intellect has 
a.'d you for everything,te ad omnia sum- 
mum atque excellens ingenium armavit, 
Cic.: rage a.’d Archilochus with the fit- 
ting tambus, Archilochum proprio fa- 
bies armavit iambo, Hor Phr.: we 
a.’d him then that we might now have 
to fight with him well prepared, illi tune 
arma dedimus ut nunc cum bene parato 
pugnaremus, Cic. of all the number 
about a fourth part was regularly a/d., 
ex omni copia circiter pars quarta erat 
45 


ARMADA 


ARRAIGN 





mnilitaribus armis instructa, Sall.: light, 
heavy-a.’d, levis, gravis armatura; gra- 
Vior armatus: v. LIGHT- ARMED, etc. 
Fig.: a.d with fortitude, tectus forti- 
tudine, Cic. B, Intrans.: |. to 
take one’s a.s: armor, 1: he orders the 
other cohorts to a., reliquas cohortes ar- 
mari jubet, Caes.: prepare the yowng 
men to a., armari pubem para, Virg. 
Phr.: the king orders the men to a., 
induere arma viros rex jubet, Ov.: in 
prose more freq. arma capere, Cic.: 
poet. accingi armis: v. TOGIRDON. = If, 
In sense of mang preparation for war: 
bellum parare, Caes.: he a.s ayain, ad 
integrum bellum cuncta parat, Sall.: the 
state is a.ing, ad arma it Civitas: v. WAR. 
armada: Classis magna: v. FLEET. 
armadillo; *dasypus: Linn. 
armament: |. 4 body of forces 
equipped for war: cOpiae, exercitus ; 
classis: V. ARMY, FORCES, FLEET. Il. 
The guns (collectively) with which a 
ship of war is armed, *apparatus belli 
quo navis longa instructa est. 
arm-chair : 1, sella (with some 
qualifying word): in Coel. Aur. we have 
a direction fora patient to sit ‘im a bar- 
ber’s chair, made with sloping arms” 
(sella tonsoria, quae sit obliquis fabre- 
facta anconibus), which would imply 
that easy chairs were not in common 
use. Probably the use of the couch 
rendered them unnecessary. 9. ca- 
thedra: needing to be qualified like the 
preceding: the cathedra was a delicate, 
couch-like seat: V. COUCH. 
armed (adj.): armatus: an assembly 
of a. men, concilium armatum, Caes.: @ 
city a. with walls, urbs muris armata, 
Cic.: a multitude of a. men, multitudo 
armatorum, Caes.: v. TO ARM. 
arm-hole; ala: axilla: Cic. 
armillary sphere: sphaera xpt- 
Korn, Gell, 3, 10. 
armistice; inditiae (ciae), arum: an 
a. of thirty days had been agreed on with 
the enemy, triginta dierum erant cum 
hoste pactae i., Cic.: to grant an a. of two 
years, i. biennii dare, Liv.: to breale off 
an a., indutias tollere, Liv.: v. TRUCE, 
armless; inermis: v. UNARMED. 
armlet: 1. armilla: Pl.: Liv. 2, 
brachiale, is, n.: Plin.: v. BRACELET. 
armourer: faber, bri (in gen. pl. 
more usu. fabrum): with something in 
the context to determin e what kind of a 
smith is meant: as, faber ferrarius, ae- 
rarius, armorum, ete.: nor had the cruel 
a. forged the sword, nec ensem saevus 
duxerat f., Tib.: v. SMITH. 
armorial bearings: 1, *arma 
gentilicia: M.L. (Alciatus, Pref. km- 
blemata, p. 1: see Ducange). 2, in- 
signe, insignia: v. BADGE. 
armour: 1. armatiira (the whole 
of the arms offensive and defensive): 
the various a. of the infantry and ca- 
valry, a. varia peditatus et equitatus, 
Cic.: Caes. 9. arma, orum: the a, 
they were ordered to have was, a helmet, 
shield, greaves, corslet, all of brovze, 
arma his imperata galea, clipeus, ocreae, 
lorica, omnia ex aere, Liv. 8, arma- 
tus, Us (app. only in abl. sing.): Vari- 
ans and Cilicians with the same 4a., 
eodem a. Cares et Cilices, Liv. : accus- 
tomed to bear the weight of their a., a. 
sustinendo assueti, Front. 4, tégi- 
menta corporis: Liv. 1, 43. 
armour-bearer : armiger, éri: Cic.: 


irg. 

armoury; ammamentarium: Cic.: 
Liv.: Juv. 

arm-pit; 1, dla: Liv.: Hor. 2, 


axilla: Cic. 3. (in offensive sense, 
with ref. to foul odour) hircus: Hor. 
arms: |. Weapons: arma, orum 
(including those both of defence and of 
offence ; but of the latter only those used 
in close combat, as distinguished from 
missiles): the conveyance of a. and mis- 
siles, armorum atque telorum portati- 
ones, Sall.: some a. are for defence, 
others for offence, a. alia ad tegendum, 
alia ad necendum, Cic.: to take up a., 
a. capere or sumere, Cic.: to be under a., 
in armis esse, Caes.: to lay down one’s 
46 





a., a. dedere, ab armis discedere, Caes. 5 
arma deponere, Cic. : he strips the enemy 
of their a., hostes armis exuit, Caes. : 
men Jit to bear a., qui a. ferre possunt, 
Caes.: to raise the cry, To urms! ad 
arma! conclamare, Caes.: Cic. (Vv. also 
TO ARM). Fig.: let him reflect that 
if he shall aim any weapon at me, I 
will at once snatch up the a. of the 
courts of justice and of the laws, cogitet 
si quod in me telum intenderit, statim 
me esse arrepturum arma judiciorum 
atque legum, Cic.: V. WEAPON, MISSILE. 
Met.: war, hostility: amid a, the laws 
are silent, silent leges inter a., Cic.: 
let arms yield to the gown (of peace), 
cedant a. togae, Cic.: too prone tu dread- 
ful a., ad horrida promptior a., Ov. 
|]. Armorial bearings: q. v. 
army: 1. exercitus, tis (the general 
term, denoting a body of men trained 
Jor war): to enlist an a., e. conscribere, 
Cic.; e. scribere, Liv.: to collect an a., 
e. contrahere ov cogere, Caes.: to dis- 
band an a., e. dimittere, Caes.: to have 
the command of an a., exercitui prae- 
esse, Caes. ; e. ducere, Cic.: to raise re- 
cruits for an a., exercitui supplementum 
scribere, Sall.: an a. of mercenaries, e. 
conducticius, Nep.: an a. of raw re- 
cruits, e. collecticius, Cic.: an a. in 
Jighting condition, aptus e., Liv. 2. 
agmen, inis, n. (prop. an army when 
marching): they attacked our a. on. the 
march, in itinere agmen nostrum adorti 
sunt, Caes.: the a. having been drawn 
up in order of battle, iustructo agmine, 
Liv. 3. facies, éi, f. (an army in 
battle array): he drew up the a, in 
battle array, aciem instruxit, Caes.: the 
a.s fought rather in marching order than 
in battle array, agmine magis quam 
acie pugnabant, Liv. 4, légiv, Onis, 
Ff (poet.): Lucr.: Virg. 5, copiae : 
Vv. FORCES. 6, milités: v. TROOPS. 
Phr.: a small a. (“a handful of men”), 
parva manus, Sall.: v. FORCE, BAND. 
aroma’ 4roma, itis, n.: M.L. (P.) 
aromatic: aromaticus: Spart. 
aromatite: iromatites, ae, m. : Plin. 
around: A, /7ep.: |, Onevery 
side : ], circum (with acc.) : you are 
pressed by the crowd standing a. you, ur- 
geris turbac, te stante, Hor. : Cic. Ds 
circa (with acc.): Romulus sent ambas- 
sadors a. to the neighbouring nations, 
Romulus legatos c. vicinas gentes misit, 
Liv. |], From place to place: 1, cir- 
cum, cirea: I wish to ramble a. our little 
country-seats, circum villulas nostras 
errare volo, Cic.: Vv. ABOUT. 2. per 
(with ace.): to gossip a. the streets, per 
vias fabulari, Pl.: v. THROUGH, THROUGH- 
our. B. Adverb: |, Onevery side: 
1. circum: the works which were a., 
quae c. erant opera, Caes. Q. circa: 
there was grass a., gramen erat c., Ov. 
Il. Fron place to place: 1, cir- 
cum: they assembled from all places a., 
c. undique convenire, Virg. 9, circa: 
the corn had been collected from all the 
Jields a., \rumentum undique c¢. ex agris 
convectum erat, Liv.—N.B. This adverb 
is most frequently expressed in Latin 
by some prefix to the verbs: as, circum- 
sedeo, to sit a.; circumscribo, to draw 
alinea.: for whieh v. TO SIT, DRAW A 
LIne, &c. Phr.: an audience standing 
a., corona (ef. vulgi stante corona, Ov. 
Met. 13, 1): Cic. 
arouse: 1, suscito, 1: fo a. any 
one from sleep, aliquem e somno s., 
Cic.: to a. any one from geitle repose, 
aliquem e molli quietes., Cat. Fig.: 
to a. oneself to duty, se ad suum officium 
s., Pl.: to a. the silent muse, tacentem 
Musam s., Hor.: anger a.s his strength, 
vim s. ira, Virg. 2. erigo, rexi, rec- 
tum, 3: Fig.: a. your minds and ears, 
and attend to me, erigite mentes aures- 
que et me attendite, Cic.: Liv.: v. To 
EXCITE. 3. expergiscor (to a. one- 
self: i.e. to be up and doing): v. TO 
BESTIR ONESELF. 
arquebus: V. FIRE-ARM, GUN. 
arrack;: “liquor alcoolicus ex succis 
phoenicum dactyliferarum coctus. 
arraign: acciiso: v. TO ACCUSE 


ARRANGEMENT 











arraignment: accusatlo: v. accu- 
SATION. D 
arrange: |. To put in proper or- 
der: ], striio, struxi, structum, 3: 
he a.s his forces in front of the camp, 
copias ante frontem castrorum struit. 
Caes.: to a. words, verba s., Cic.: to a 
@ speech, orationem s., Quint.: Virg. 
2. instriio, 3: to a. an army in 
order of battle, exercitum i., Sall.; to a. 
a speech, orationem i., Cic: to a, @ pro- 
secution, accusationem i., Cic. 8. or- 
dino, 1: toa. au line of battle, aciem o., 
Just.: Liv.: toa. a library, bibliothe- 
cam 0., Suet.: to a. the parts of @ speech, 
partes orationis o., Cic. 4, dispono, 
posui, positum, 3: Psistratus is sad to 
have a.d the books uf Homer, P. Homeri 
libros disposuisse dicitur, Cic.: to a. 
palisades, cippos d., Caes.: to a. the 
hair badly, capillos male d., Ov.: they 
a. words just as painters do a variety 
of colours, verba ita disponunt ut pic- 
tores varietatem colorum, Cic.: to a. a 
line of battle, aciem d., Tac.: to a. gar- 
risons and posts on the banks of the 
Loire, praesidia custodiasque ad ripas 
Ligeris d., Caes. (The preceding are 
the words most frequently used of 
arranging troops, though by no means 
confined to that application. IJnstruo 
and struo refer to the forming of a 
line of battle; ordino is also used 
in the sense of to reduce to order, 
organize: dispono is to arrange or 
post at intervals, to arrange in order). 
§, colldco, 1: time was scarcely 
given for a.ing and executing these mat- 
ters, vix his rebus collocandis atque ad- 
ministrandis tempus dabatur, Caes, : to 
a. a cloak so that it may hang properly, 
chlamydem c. ut pendeat apte, Ov.: to 
a, words properly, verba apte c., Quint. 
6. compono, pdsui, pdsitum, 3: to 
a. the hair, capillum c.,Cic.: to a. words 
or thoughts (in oratory), c. verba, in- 
venta, Cic. 7. digéro, gessi, gestum, 
3: toa. the hair, capillos d., Ov.: to a. 
a library, bibliothecam d., Suet. : toa. 
the whole of the municipal law into 
classes, omne jus civile in genera d., 
Cic. 8. institiio, tii, itum, 3: you a. 
an action at law, he draws up an army 
in battle arvay, tu actionem instituis, 
ille aciem instruit, Cic. 9, dispenso, 
1: toa. the year, annum d., Liv.: Cic. 
10, cOmo, compsi, comptum, 3 
(only of hair): to a, the hair in steps 
and rings, caput in gradus atque anulos 
c., Quint. 11, fingo, finxi, fictum, 3 
(poet.: of artificial arrangement): to a. 
grey hair, canas f. comas, lib.: Virg. : 
Ov. (Of the preceding words, 5-9, col- 
loco and compono denote the bringing 
of things together, and so esp. a decent 
and orderly arrangement; digero is to 
put each thing separately in its place ; 
instituo is about equivalent to instruo, 
only usu. in non-military sense, to draw 
up, form: dispenso is properly to dis- 
tribute.) Phr.: soit was a.d according 
to the custom of our ancestors, ita com- 
paratum more majorum erat, Cic.: to a. 
one’s plans, consilia sua expedire, Tac.: 
toa. the plan of a war, belli rationem 
explicare, Cic.: to a.a plan, consilium 
e., Caes. Il. Zo adjust, settle, regu- 
late, agree: q. v. 
arranged, well: 1. compisitus: 
a battle better a., compositior pugna, 
Liv.: avery well a, little letter, literulae 
compositissimae, Cic. 2. descriptus : 
nothing is better a. than nature, natura 
nihil est descriptius, Cic. 3. dispd- 
situs: pursuits well a. with a view to 
preferment, studia ad honorem dispo- 
sita, Cic. Phr.: to speak in well-a. lan- 
guage, composite dicere, Cic. 
arrangement: |, Orderly dispo- 
sition : 1, collécatio: the a. of walis. 
moenium c., Vitr.: the a. of words, c 
verborum, Cic. 2, compisitio: the a. 
of the magistracies, magistratuum c., 
Cic.: the varied a. of sounds, c. varia so- 
norum, Cic. 3. contextus, is: the a, 
of speech, c, orationis, Cic.. Quint. 4, 
désignatio: the a. of my bouks, d. libro- 
rum meorum, Cic. 5, déscriptio : the 


ARRANGER 


ARROW 


ART 





a, of the republic, d. reipublicae, Cic. : 
the a. of public ofices, d. magistratuum, 
Cic. 6. dispésitio. (i) in oratory 
Cic.- Quint. (ii) in architecture. Vitr. 
Gii) in painting. Plin. 7, digestio (in 
orat.): Cic.: Quint. 8, inslititio. 
the a. of things, rerum i., Cic. 9, in- 
structio- the a. of the standards, signo- 
rum i., Cic. 10. ordinatio: the a. of 
the year, anni o., Suet.: the a. of the 
elections, comitiorum 0., Vell. (Cic. has 
instructio, und Front. instructura, of the 
arrangement of troops in line of battle: 
but for the most part this sense of the 
Eng. word may better be represented 
by means of a verb: as. skilled in the a. 
of troops for battle, peritus aciei instru- 
endae, etc.: v. TO ARRANGE.) I]. Set- 
tlement, adjustment ; comparatio: the 
province was allotted to the Manlit with- 
out casting lots, without a., Manliis pro- 
vincia sine sorte, sine comparatione 
data, Liv.: v. SETTLEMENT. 
arranger : 1, compésitor: Cic.: 
Ov. Q. dispdsitor: Sen. 
arrant: VY. NOTORIOUS, INFAMOUS. 
Phr.: ana. thief, trifur, tris: Pl.: an 
a. rogue, trifurcifer, éri: Pl. 
arrantly ; néfarié: v. rnFAMOUSLY. 
arras ; tipéte, is, m.: v. TAPESTRY. 
array (subs.): |. Orderly dispo- 
sition : V. ARRANGEMENT, ORDER. Phr.: 
battle array, acies, Gi, f.: the b.a. of 
the enemy, a. hostium, Caes.: he drew 
up the army in b. a., aciem instruxit, 
Caes.: V. TO ARRANGE (init.) |]. Dress, 
clothing: q.v.: vestitus. Jf, 4 list of 





persons qualified to be jurymen: album 
Judicum, Suet. [See Dict. Ant. s. v. 
album. } 
array (v.): |. Zo arrange, draw 
up: q.v.: instruo. ff, To dress, deck: 
q.v.: vestio. [|]. To select proper per- 
sons to compose juries : judices seligere: 
¥. TO SELECT. 
arrear: 1, réliquum (usu. plu.): 
arrears: § J now wish to pay in.full 
what remains ina.,nune quod reliquum 
restat, volo persolvere, Pl.: Camillus 
writes that he has received the a.s due to 
me, reliqua mea Camillus scribit se ac- 
cepisse, Cic. Stichus being in u., Sticho 
reliqua habente, Paul. Dig. 2. rési- 
diiae pécuniae: to exact the payment of 
all a.s, omnes r. pecunias exigere, Liv. : 
Cic. 3. résidium. the a.s of tazes, 
residua vectigaliorum, Suet, Aug. ror. 
Phr ; to be ina@.s, réliquo, 1 (with refl. 
pron., or, More usu. as dep.): to ove 
large as, amplas summas reliquari, 
Dig. : to exact the payment of a.s, exigere | 
reliqua, quae quis se reliquavit, ib.: he 
owes some a.s of public money, apud 
eum publica pecunia residet, Dig. 
arrest (v.) - |. To stop. check: q.v. 
. To apprehend legally: . 
compréhendo, di, sum, 3: to a. the lead- 
ers, duces c., Cic.: to a. any one and 
give him into custody, aliquem c. et in 
custodiam tradere, Cic. 2. depré- 
hendo, 3: to a. the go-betweens, inter- 
nmuntios d., Caes. : Sall. 3. arripio, 
ripui, reptum, 3 (i. e. toarrest suddenly) : 
he was a.'d by the officer in attendance, 
arreptus est a viatore, Liv. Phr.: they 
were of opinion that Lentulus should be 
a.’d, censuerunt ut Lentulus in custodi- 
am traderetur, Cic.: v. TO APPREHEND. 
lll. Zo fiz (the attention, &c,): Phr.: 
hereupon a far more terrible sight a.s 
our attention, hic aliud multo tremend- 
um objiciturmagis, Virg.: what is per- 
ceived by the ear does not so a. the at- 
tention, segnius irritant animos quae 
sunt demissa per aures, Hor.; to a. the 
attention of all (in admiration), oculos 
omnium in se convertere, Nep.: Suet. : 
also simply convertere: as, wherever he 
went, he a.'d the attention of all, quaqua 
iret convertit homines, Suet. 
arrest (subs.): I, Legal appre- 
ton: compréhensio: the a. of the 
guilty, sontium c., Cic.: v. APPRE~ 
HENSION. _— |, A stopping (legal ¢. t.): 
arrest of judgment, (?) ampliatio: strictly 
an adjournment ofa trial. (In Med. L. 
arrestum: v. Du Cange, s. v.) 
arrival: adventus, iis: a sudden a., 





repentinus a., Caes.: the a. of the consul 
at Rome, a. consulis RKomam, Liv.: 
their a.s in the cities of the allies do not 
differ much from a hostile talcing by 
storm, ipsorum adventus in urbes socio- 
rum non multum ab hostili expugna- 
tione differunt, Cic.: the a. of misfor- 
tunes, malorum a., Cic.. V. APPROACH. 
arrive: . To come to, reach: 
1, advénio, véni, ventum, 4: to a. 
at the forum, ad forum a., PL: toa.ina 
province, in provinciam a., Cic.: to a, 
at the Tyrian city, Vyriam urbem a., 
Virg.: a letter has a.d, advenere literae, 
Suet. Hence, to be on the point of ar- 
riving, advento,1 (prop. frequent.) : it 
was reported to Caesar that his cavalry 
were on the point of a.ing, and were even 
now a.d, Caesari adventare jamque ad- 
esse ejus equites nuntiabatur, Caes.: 7. 
TO APPROACH. 2. pervénio, 4 (denot- 
ing that the end of a journey is reached) : 
the Germans a. in our territories, Ger- 
mani in nostros fines pervenerunt, Caes. : 
toa. at the gate, ad portam p., Cic.: toa. 
in a harbour, in portum p., Quint. 3. 
dévénio, 4 (prop. of places lower than 
those from which the persons come): to 
a. in a place, in locum d., Liv.: they a.d 
in the same cavern, speluncam eandem 
devenere, Virg. Fig.: toa. at maturity, 
ad maturitatem d., Plin.: v. To ATTAIN 
TO. 4, attingo, tigi, tactum, 3 (rarely 
except of arriving by ship): with ace.: 
Caesar ad at Britain with the foremost 
ships, Caesar Britanniam attigit primis 
navibus, Caes.: Tac. 5, advéhor, 
vectus, 3 (only of going by ship or horse): 
Marius ina few days a.s at Utica, M. 
paucis diebus Uticam advehitur, Sall. : 
more fully, navi adv., Sulp. ap. Cic.: 
classibus adv., Tac. 6. pervéhor, 3 
(similar in meaning to advehor, only 
indicating, like pervenio, that the end of 
a journey is reached): toa.in a harbour, 
in portum pervehi, Cic.: he ad at 
Chalcis, pervectus est Chalcidem, Liv. 
7. appellor, pulsus, 3 (of ships only) : 
the ship as at Syracuse, appellitur 
navis Syracusas, Cic. In later authors 
the active forms occur: the ship a.d at 
Dertosa, navis Dertosam appulit, Suet. : 
Tac. Phr.: news ad that the Etrus- 
cans had venewed the war, rebellasse 
Etruscos allatum est, Liv.: v. TO REACH. 
||. 70 arrive at, i.e. to attain: ad- 
Ypiscor. v. TO REACH. 
arrogance: 14, arrdégantia (ie. 
claiming too much for oneself): elated 
by foolish and barbarous a., they de- 
spised their countrymen, stulta ac bar- 
bara a. elati despiciebant suos, Caes. : 
Cic. 2. spiritus, us (i.e. a haughty, 
contemptuous temper: often in pl.)- 
kingly a., regius s., Cic.: to assume 
great a. in military affairs, magnos 
spiritus in re militari sumere, Caes.: 


Liv. 3, fastus, superbia: v. HAUGHTI- 
NESS, PRIDE. 
arrogant: 1, arrégans, antis (i. e. 


claiming too much for oneself): that 
threatening anda. man, iste minax atque 
a., Cic.: a. to one’s inferiors, a. minori- 
bus, Tac.: v. PRESUMPTUOUS. De 
s‘perbus: a very a. law, lex superbis- 


sima, Liv.: Vv. HAUGHTY, PROUD. 3 
insdlens: V. INSOLENT. 
arrogantly: 1, arréganter: to 


act a., a. facere, Caes.: to ask a. for 
anything, aliquid a. petere, Cic.: some- 
uhat a. subarréganter. Cic. Oy 
insdlentér: v. INSOLENTLY. 

arrogate: arrégo, 1 (with dat. of 
pron. reflect ): Ido not assume nor a. so 
much to myself, mihi non sumo tantum 
neque arrogo, Cic.: to a. wisdom, sapien- 
tiam sibia., Cic.: ¥. TO APPROPRIATE (1L.), 
ASSUME, CLAIM. 

arrow: 1, sagitta: fo discharge 
a.s, sagittas conjicere, Caes.; swift a.s, 
celeres sagittae, Hor. 2. spiciilum 
(prop. the point of any missile: in this 
sense chiefly poet., and esp. of Cupid’s 
arrows): Virg.: Hor.: Prop. : Ov. 3: 
télum (prop. any missi/e; and in this 
sense chiefly poet.): Hor.: Ov. Phr.: 
a reed fit for an a., calamus sagittarius, 
Plin.: an a.-bearing quiver, sagittifera 





pharetra, Ov.: an a.-maker, sagittarius 
larrunt. 

arrow-head: |. The point of a 
arrow, cuspis sagittae (cf. Ov. M. 1, 470 
: . A plant so called: 1. pis- 
tana: Plin. 2. sagitta: Plin. 3. 
*sugittaria sagittifoila: Linn. 

arrow-headed: arrow-headed cha- 
racters or letters, *cuneatae litterae. 

arrow-root: * farina ex maranta 
arundinacea confecta. 

arrowy: |. Of arrows: Phr. 
a thicka. shower, sagittarum densissi- 
mus imber (cf. Virg. Aen. 12, 284, and 
G. x5. 333)- |. Like an arrow: as 
Byron, “the a. Rhone:”’ sagittatus: cf 


PL Trs27r416; 

arsenal: 1. armamentarium 
Cic.: Liv.: a naval a., a. navium, Plin 

2, officina armorum (a manufuctory 

of arms): Caes. 3, navalia, ium (a 
naval a.): Cic. 

arseniate: arsénias, atis: M. L. 

arsenic: 4 metai, the common name 
for arsenious acid. ], arsénicum : 
M.L. NB. This word occurs in Pliny, 
but with him it designates native sul- 
phuret of arsenic. 2, oxydum arsenici 
album: M. L. 3, acidum arsenio- 
sum: M. L. 

arsenical: arsénicalis,e: M.L 

arsenite: arsénis: a.of potash, a. 
potassae. M. L. 

arsis: 1, sublatio: Quint. 9, 4, 
48. 2, arsis, is, f.: Mare. Cap. 

arson; incendium dolo malo s. maliti- 
ose factum: v. Dict. Ant. s. v. incendium. 


art: |. Human skill (as opposed 
to nature): 1, manus, ts, f. (only 
in abl.): a town Jortified both by 


natural situation and by a., oppidum 
et natura loci et manu munitum, Caes. : 
Jor uhat, either in nature or in the 
productions of a., can be found so welt 
arranged ? quid enim ant in natura 
aut in operibus manu factis tam compo- 
situm inveniri potest? Cic.: harbours 
made by a., portus manu facti, Cic.: 
without the a. and labour of men, sine 
hominum manu atque opera, Cic. 5. 
épus, éris, mn. (only in abl): they found 
a place admirably Jortified both by 
nature and by a. locum nacti sunt 
egregie et natura et opere munitum, 
Caes.: a camp very strongly Jortified 
both by natural situation and by a., et 
opere et natura loci munitissima castra, 
Caes.: v. SKILL. Il. Any particular 
application of human skill: 1, ars, 
artis, f.: shaping fire, the master of the 
other a.s, ignis artificiosus magister 
artium reliquarum, Cic.: liberal and re- 
Jjimed a.s, ingenuae et humanae artes, 
Cic.: the fine a.s (but in a wider sense 
than our phrase, including rhetoric, 
poetry, etc.): artes elegantes et inge- 
nuae, Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 4 (fur our “ fine 
arts” we may perhaps use, artes ele- 
gantiores): the rhetorical a.s, artes ora- 
toriae, Cic.: to cultivate the fine as, 
artes liberales colere, Suet.: Ov.: to 
practise an a., artem exercere, Hor.: 
to be engaged in the practice of the 
liberal a.s, in ingenuis artibus versari, 
Cic.: you have devoted your attention to 
these a.s, bis artibus studium tuum de- 
disti, Cic.: to study an a., arti studere, 
Cic.: is not medicine to be considered 
an a.? an medicinaars non putanda est? 
Cic.: healing a.s, medicae artes, Ov.: city 
a.s, i.e. jurisprudence and oratory, artes 
urbanae, Liv.: the a. of debating, i. e. 
logic, ars disserendi, Cic.: the a. of 
music, ars musica, Plin.. he published a 
book on the a. of gambling, de aleae arte 
librum emisit, Suet.: all artisans are 
employed in some mean (mechanical) a., 
opifices omnes in sordida arte versantur, 
Cic.: the a. of navigation, ars gubern- 
andi o gubernatoris, Cic.: the works of 
a.uhich Parrhasius produced, artes quas 
Parrhasius protulit, Hor. 9. artifl- 
cium (i.e. the practice of some craft, ars. 
hence a term of more respect than opl- 
ticium, from opera: the latter including 
the meanest manual occupations: cf. Cie, 
Off. 1, 42, 150): respecting a.s and occu- 
pations, which ave to be considered 
47 


ARTERIAUL 


ARTIFICIAL 





liberal, which mean, we have learnt 
somewhat as follows, de a. et quaesti- 
bus qui liberales habendi, qui sordidi 
sint, haec fere accepimus, Cic.: / believe 
that the a.s had flourished in that island, 
credo magna a. fuisse in ea insula, Cic.: 
also in bad sense, the a. of deception, a. 
simulationis, Cic. 3. Opus, éris, 7.: 
helmets chased in the Corinthian style of 
a., galeae caelatae opere Corinthio, Cic. : 
things made in the ancient style of a., 
antiquo opere facta, Cic.: they have 
plenty of Corinthian works of a., Co- 
rinthiis operibus abundant, Cic. Il. 
The principles of art, art in the abstract : 
ars: Zeno holds that it is the special 
function of a. to create and produce, 
Zeno censet artis maxime proprium esse 
creare et gignere, Cic.: tu reduce every 
thing to a. and rules, omiila ad artem et 
ad praecepta revocare, Cic.: a. is a swrer 
guide than nature, ars est dux certior 
quam natura, Cic.: the thing seems to me 
to be very good in practice, but only 
tolerable in a., res mihi videtur esse 
facultate praeclara, arte mediocris, Cic. 
IV. Skill q. v.): sollertia: Cic. 
arterial; artéridsus: a. blood san- 
guis a., M, L. 
artery: 1, artéria; an a. when 
divided does not unite, a. incisa non coit, 
Cels. (But in Cic. arteria is the wind- 
pipe: q. Vv.) 9, vena (used of all the 
blood-vessels): if any one’s a.s pulsate in 
this way, he has a fever, si cui venae sic 
moventur, is habet febrem, Cic.: if the 
as pulsate irregularly, si v. non aequis 
intervallis moventur, Cels. 
artful (= crafty, cunning: 4. v.): 
1, argutus: an a. courtesan, a. 
meretrix, Hor. 9. astiitus: an a. 
plan,a. ratio, Cic.: an a. nation, a. gens, 
Tac.; Hor. 3, callidus: a. men, 
homines c., Cic.: a. boldness, c. audacia, 
Cie. 4, vafer: v. CLEVER, CUNNING. 
artfully ; callidé, vafré: v.cRaFrTiLy, 
CUNNINGLY, INGENIOUSLY. 
artfulness : 1, artificium: to 
gain something by a kind of a., a. quo- 
dam aliquid consequi, Cic.: v. INGE- 
NUITY. 9. calliditas: Ter.: Cic.: 
Liv.: v. CRAFT, CUNNING. 
arthritis: 1. arthritis, Ydis, 7. : 
Vitr. 9, artictlariusmorbus: Cate 
Plin. 8, artictilaris morbus: Plin.: 
vy. GOUT. 
artichoke: the common a., cinara: 
Col.: *cinara.scolymus, Linn.: the 
Spanish a., carduus: Plin.: Col.: *cinara 
eardunculus, Linn.: Jerusalem a., *heli- 
anthus tuberosus, Linn. 
article: |. 4 distinct part: Phr.: 
to explain anything a. by a., aliquid ar- 
ticulatim explicare, Varr.; those things 
are spoken of a. by a., and point by 
point, ea articulatim distincteque dicun- 
tur, Cic.: an a. in a lexicon, ov other 
work alphabetically arranged, vocabu- 
lum (7. €. WORD). I]. A clause in a 
law, treaty, &c. : 1, caput, itis, 7.: 
from the first a. of the law to the last, a 
primo c. legis usque ad extremum, Cie:: 
Vv. HEAD. 92, conditio: a.s of peace, 
pacis conditiones, Caes. Phr.: the as 
of war, leges militares, Cic.: v. HEAD, 
ITEM, TERMS. Ill. 4 proposition in 
theology : 1, decrétum fidei: Labbe, 
Concil. 9. canon. dnis, m.: id. 8, 
artictilus, Acta Syn. Dord.: M. L. 4. 
symbélum (a collection of the as 
of faith): Vv. CONFESSION. IV. 4 
commodity or substance (q. v.): 1, rés, 
rei, f. (in the most general sense) : 
the most recherché as for banqueting, 
res exquisitissimae ad epulandum, Cic. 
Q, merx, mercis, f. (as a thing jor 
sale) a.s for women, merces femineae, 
Ov.: the twigs are an a. of merchandize, 
sarmenta in merce sunt, Plin. 3: 
The word may very often be expr. by 
the neut forms of pronouns and adjec- 
tives: they import those a.s which have 
atendency to vender theemind effeminate, 
ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertin- 
ent important, Caes. V, Gram. t.t.: 
articilus: Quint. 
article (v.): Phr.: to a. an ap- 
prentice to a mechanic, puerum artifici 


48 





| ABT (1). 


ARTLESS 








s. opifici addicere ut artem ejus discat : 
V. TO APPRENTICE. 
articled-clerk: discipulus: v. AP- 
PRENTICE. 
articular (relating to the joints): 
, articiilaris, e: Plin. 9, arti- 
cilarius: Cato: Plin. : 
articulate (adj.): |. Distinet 
(gram. ¢.t.): 1, distinctus : the tongue 
renders the sounds of the voice a. and 
defined, lingua sonos vocis distinctos et 
pressos efficit, Cic. N.D. 2, 59, 149. 
Q, dilticidus: a. pronunciation, d. 
pronuntiatio, Quint. I1, 3, 33. 3. 
explanatus (rare) : in the tongue (lies the 
power of) a. utterance of words, in 
lingua explanatam vocum expressionem, 
Cic. 4, explanabilis (?): they (i.e. 
beasts) have a kind of speech, but that 
not a., vox est quidem, sed non ex., ct 
perturbata, et verborum inefficax, Sen. 
Ir. 1, 3, 5. (Perhaps the two latter ex- 
pressions more precisely represent the 
English word). II; In_ logical sense ; 
clearly defined (Sir W. Hamilton), enu- 
cleatus: or more definitely, articulatim 
distinctus atque enucleatus: cf. ARTICLE 
(1); and v. DISTINCT, CLEAR. 
articulate (v.): 1, articilo, 1. 
the nimble tongue a.s wondrous words, 
mobilis articulat verborum daedala lin- 
gua, Lucr,: to a. sounds, and lo frame 
the voice to words, sonos 2. et vocem in 
verba conformare, Arnob.: Apul. % 
exprimo, pressi, pressum, 3: I do not 
like every letter to be a.d in an affected 
way, nolo exprimi literas putidius, Cie. : 
Vv. TO PRONOUNCE. 3. explano, 1: cf. 
ARTICULATE, 24j. (3): Plin. 
articulately: 1, articiilatim: fo 
distinguish words a., verbo a. discernere, 
Lucr. Q, articulate : to speale plainly 
and a., plane et a. eloqui, Gell. (Not 
distincte alone, which refers usu. to the 
matter rather than to the manner: v. 
DISTINCTLY.) Phr.: to utter every letter 
and syllable a., *unamquam«anue literam 
et syllabam accuratius exprimere: cf. 
TO ARTICULATE.. 
articulateness: dilucida pronun- 
tiatio ; Quint. 
articulation: |, 4 joint or mode 
of joining (anat. ft. t.): artus, commis- 
sura: v. JOINT. |, Distinct utterance : 
explanatio: the a.of words is necessary, 
necessuria est verborum ex., Quint,: the 
faultless a, of words, emendata vocum 
ex., Quint.: v. PRONUNCIATION. 
artifice: 1, ars, artis, f.: they 
were entrapped by the same a. by which 
they had entrapped the Fabii, capti 
eadem arte sunt qua ceperant Fabios, 
Liv.: the a.s of war, artes belli, Liv. : 
Virg. 9. artificilum: by their a.s the 
republic has been brought into tts present 
state, earum artificiis effectum est ut 
respublica in hune statum perveniret, 
Caes. ap. Cic.: some a. must be devised, 
a, quoddam excogitandum est, Cic. i 
cilumnia (unlike the preceding words 
always in bad sense): Wetellus occupied 
the time for spealcing by a., Metellus 
calumnia dicendi tempus exemit, Cic. 
4, ddlus: v. DECEIT, CRAFT. 5. 
insidiae, arum (Fig.): too much a. seems 
to be employed for captivating the ears, 
nimis insidiarum ad capiendas aures ad- 
hiberi videtur, Cic.: v. TRICK, STRATAGEM. 
artificer: |, 4 craftsman, artisan: 
1, artifex,ficis: the as of engines 
of war, artifices tormentorum, Liv.: v. 
ARTIST. 2. Spifex, ficis (concerning 
the difference between this and the pre- 
ceding word: v. ART, Il. 2): Vv. WORK- 
MAN. I], Inrhetoricalsense: creator, 
bpifex : Vv. FRAMER, CONTRIVER, MAKER. 
artificial: |. Produced by human 
labour or sicill: 1, artificidsus: those 
kinds of divination are not called na- 
tural, but a., ea genera divinandi non 
naturalia sed a. dicuntur, Cic. there are 
two Icinds of memory, the one natural, 
the other a., sunt duae memoriae, una 
naturalis, altera a., Auct. Her. D: 
artifex, icis (rare). four a. oxen, quatuor 
artifices boves, Prop. $, manu factus: 
a.harbours, portus manu facti, Cic.: v. 
4, factitius: a. gems, f. 








gemmae, Plin.: v. FACTITIOUS, FALSE. 
||. Displaying art or skill: v. Ix- 
GENIOUS, SKILFUL, ARTISTIC. 
artificially: 1, manu: a town 
fortified both naturally and a., oppidum 
et natura loci et manu munitum, Caes. 
(v. ant, 1): diseases which we have a. 
produced, morbi quos manu fecimus, 
Sen. Q, arté (abl. of ara): arguments 
which are made a., argumenta quae arte 
fiunt, Quint.: colours produced a., co- 
lores arte facti, Vitr. 
artillery: |. Cannon and ali 
that pertains to them: tormenta, orum 
(of course not strictly referring to fire: 
arms ; but the etymology of the word 
[from torquco], as well as its wide appii- 
cation in classical authors, makes it very 
well adapted to represent the English 
word; which indeed itself is equally 
applicable to the ancientengines of war : 
cf. 1 Sam. xx. 40: the foll. examples are 
added to illustrate the use of the ancient 
word): Antony battered Mutina with a., 
Antonius Mutinam verberavit tormentis, 
Cic.: Caesar placed his a. in the forts, 
Caesar in castellis tormenta collocavit, 
Caes.: he arranges the a. on the walls, 
tormenta in muris disponit, Caes.: he 
drew up his army in a place from which 
the fire of his a. might be directed 
against the enemies’ columns, aciem eo 
loco constituit, unde tela tormentis missa 
in hostium cuneos conjici possent, Caes. : 
a.of various calibres, variae magnitu- 
dinis tormenta, Liv.: the ships were too 
near (to the walls) to be wnder the fire 
of the a., naves interiores ictibus tor- 
mentorum erant, Liv.: heavy a., tor- 
menta majora (or, majoris formae: see 
Livy 26, 47): @ park or train of a., 
tormentorum multitudo, Caes. E 
The troops who manage cannon, &c.* 
*milites a quibus tormenta administran- 
tur: horse-artillery, *turmae equitum 
qui tormenta administrant (‘‘ tormenta 
quae ab equitibus administrantur,” Kr.): 
an artillery-man, ballistarius: Veg. 
Mil. 2, 2. (The word tormentarius is 
without ancient authority, but may be 
used for the sake of convenience: Kr.). 
artisan: 1, faber, bri (usu. o 
worker in some hard material): he 
selects a.s from the legions, ex legionibus 
tabros delegit, Caes.: Cic.: Hor. Phr.: 
the workshop or business of am 4., 
fabrica: Cic. 2. odpifex, icis: the 
hands of a.s, opificam manus, Cic.: a.s 
and slaves, opifices atque servitia, Sall. : 
Liv. 9, artifex, icis(v. ART, LI. 2: only 
of skilled occupations): Nep. Att. 13. 
artist: |. One who practises any 
of the jine arts: artifex, icis (more com- 
prehensive than the Eng. word; yet 
chiefly used of painters, sculptors and 
actors: v. ART, II. 2): stage a.s, %.e. 
actors, scenici artifices, Cic.: Suet.: 
Apelles and Lysippus, a.s, Apelles et 
Lysippus, artifices, Cic.: the same a. 
made that Cupid which is at Thespiae, 
idem a. Cupidinem fecit illum qui est 


Thespiis, Cic. |]. iq. painter: q. v.: 
pictor. 
artistic: 1. artifex, icis: a. gesti- 


culation, a. motus, Quint.: a man of a. 
genius, vir artificis ingenii, Plin. (This 
passive use of artifex appears not to be 
found in Cic.: for artifex stilus [Brut. 
25, 96) signifies not ‘an artistic style,” 
but “a stilus or pen that is itself a 
master of art?’ stilus in the sense of 
“style” is of later usage than Cic.). 
9. artificidsus: most elegant and a. 
rhetoricians, rhetores elegantissimi et 
artificiosissimi, Cic.: v. INGENIOUS. 
artistically: 1. artiliciose: what 
the hand ejjects in the productions of 
our arts, that nature effects much more 
a., quod in operibus nostrarum artium 
manus efficit, id multo artificiosius na- 
tura efficit, Cic. Q. affabré: a statue 
a. made, signum a. factum, Cic. 
artless: |, Destitute of art: 
1, incomptus: a. oratory, oratio i., 
Cic.: the countrymen amuse themselves 
with a. verses, coloni versibus incomptis 
ludunt, Virg.: Hor. 2, inconditus: 
a. songs, i. carmina, Liv.: to give forth 


ARTLESSLY 


AS 


ASCEND 





a. strains, i. jactare, Virg. 8, incom- 
pésitus: to sport with a. verses, versibus 
i. ludere, Virg. I]. Simple, frank, 
gutleless : q. y.: simplex, ingenuus. 

artlessly : |. Without art: in- 
compté: to praise a., incompte laudare, 
Stat. ||. Simply, franiely, guilelessly : 
q. v.: ingenue, sine dolo. 

artlessness: simplicitas: v. 
PLICITY, FRANKNESS. 

as: |. As a particle of compa- 
rison, denoting equality or similarity: 

1, atqué, or ac (after the adv.s juxta, 
aeque, similiter; the adj.s idem, talis, 
similis, aequus; and other words denot- 
ing identity, equality or resemblance) : 
my disposition towards you is the same 
as it was, est animus te erga idem ac fuit, 
Ter.: the Gauls have the same way of 
attacking towns as the Belyae, Gallorum 
eadem atque Belgarum oppugnatio est, 
Caes.: you will avenge your uncle's 
death by the same right as he punished 
that of his brother, simili jure tu ulci- 
sceris patrui mortem atque ille perse- 
queretur fratris sui, Cic.: he pays as 
much eet to me as to his own patron, 
me colit et observat aeque atque patro- 
num suum, Cic.: they made an attach 
upon the enemy as soon as they gained a 
fouling on the beach, simul atque in 
arido constiterunt, in hostes impetum 
fecerunt, Caes. 2, et (only so used to 
imply that what is true of one thing is 
true of another also): we love our friends 
as well as ourselves, aeque amicos et 
nosmet ipsos diligimus, Cic, : the question 
ts, whether obstinacy ts the same as de- 
termination, quaeritur idemne sit per- 
tinacia et perseverantia, Cic. 3. 
quam (esp. as correlative to tam, an- 
swering to the English as... . as: it 
denotes a comparison of degree between 
two things: v. Habicht, § 79): I was 
Jormerly as free as your son, tam ego 
fui ante liber quam gnatus tuus, Pl.: a 
tyrant can be as merciful as a king can 
be severe, tam esse clemens tyrannus 
quam rex importupus potest, Cic.: he 
lived as long as he could, vixit tam diu 
quam potuit, Cic.: as much as each one 
can, quam quisque potest, Ov.: esp. with 
superl.: to give thanks as great as pos- 
sible, quam maximas gratias agere, Cic. : 
nothing /rightened them so much as the 
vigour and eomplexion of the general, ni- 
hil aeque eos terruit quam robur ac color 
imperatoris, Liv. (in this instance quam 
is probably used in preference to atque, 
ac{v. supr. 1}, because of the following 
ac): they do not act as they proposed, 
contra faciunt quam professi sunt, Cic. 
4. qui (only after idem ;= atque, 

v. supr. 1): the slaves had the same man- 
ners as their masters, servi moribus 
jisdem erant quibus domini, Cic.: all 
the Gauls must do the same thing as the 
Helvetii have done, omnibus Gallis idem 
faciendum est quod Helvetii fecerunt, 
Caes. §. pro (prep. with abl.): J 
loved him as my own (child), hunc amavi 
pro meo, Ter.: to state as a fact, pro 
certo ponere, Caes. 6. quemadmd- 
dum (or as separate words, quem ad 
modum=in the same manner as): he was 
elated by the promises of my colleague, 
as he himself said, inflatus est collegae 
mei, quemadmodum dicebat ipse, pro- 
missis, Cic.: tf you were to discuss 
Friendship as you are in the habit of 
doing with other subjects, si, quemad- 
modum soles de ceteris rebus sic de 
amicitia disputaris, Cic. ih wa (eS 
quemadmodum, v. supr.): go on as you 
have begun, perge ut instituisti, Cic. ; 
the army was drawn up as the nature of 
the position required, instructus est 
exercitus ut loci natura postulabat, 
Caes.: I have spoken of these things as 
briefly as possible, haec ut brevissime 
dici potuerunt, ita a me dicta sunt, Cic.: 
rarely and late =atque: in pleading 
nothing pleases him so much as brevity, 
ei niltil aeque in causis agendis ut bre- 
vitas placet, Plin. 8, sicit (= quem- 
admodum, ut: only more emphatic than 
the last): (i) in comparisons: as I have 
paid I will do, sicut dixi faciam, Pl.: as 


SIM- 


had jormerly been done, sicut erat antea 
factum, Cic.: J now take no pleasure as 
I used formerly in writing trifling 


verses, nihil me sicut antea, juvat seri- | 
(ii) to confirm | 


bere versiculos, Hor. 
a statement = as indeed: let your 
affair be important, as it is indeed, sit 
ista res magna, sicut est, Cic.: which he 


saw would take place, as really happened, | 
quod fore, sicut accidit, videbat, Caes. | 
(iii) to introduce a simile: nature has | 


placed the reasoning faculty in the head, 
as tn a citadel, natura rationem in 
capite sicut in arce posuit, Cic. (iv) 
to introduce illustrations: t all which 
causes, as in thatof M’. Curius itself, 
there was very great difference of opinion 
on points of law, quibus in causis omni- 
bus, sicut in ipsa M’. Curii, fuit summa 
de jure dissensio, Cic. 9, 
véliti (used to introduce a parallel 
case) (1) in comparisons: as the fall of 
Saguntum had given confidence for the 
war to Hannibal, so had the destruction 
of the people of Abydos to Philip, velut 
Sagunti excidium Hannibali, sic Philippo 
Abydenorum clades ad bellum animos 
fecerat, Liv. (ii) to introduce a simile: 
Sipylus was giving the rein, as when 
the captain of a ship spreads out the 
sails, frena dabat Sipylus veluti quum 
carbasa rector deducit, Ov.: Hor.: 
Quint. (iii) to introduce illustrations : 
there is something wonderful in those 
aquatic animals which are born on land, 
as for example, crocodiles, est admiratio 
nonnulla in bestiis aquatilibus iis quae 
gignuntur in terra, veluti crocodili, Cic. 
(iv) in hypotheses (usu. with si): they 
shuddered at the cruelty of Ariovistus 
though absent, as if he were before them. 
absentis Ariovisti crudelitatem, velut si 
coram adesset, horrebant, Caes.: this, as 
if obtained by valour, he hoped uould 
bring him great credit, hoc veluti vir- 
tute paratum, speravit magnae laudi 
fore, Hor. 10, ita (in asseverations 
and oaths, there being probably an el- 
lipsis of ut, which, however, is some- 
times expressed): as true as I live, I 
thought so, ita vivam,.putavi, Cic.: as 
true as I live, I am incurring great 
expenses, ita Vivam ut Maximos sumptus 
facio, Cic. ll. qualis, e (usu. as 
correl. to talis): show yourself to us 
such as you formerly displayed yourself 
to the Roman people, qualem te jam 
antea populo R. praebuisti, talem et 
nobis imperti, Cic. 12. quantus (usu. 
as correl. to tantus): @ contest as great 
as has never yet been, tanta dimicatio 
quanta nunquam fuit,Cic. 13, quum 
(usu. as correl. to tum): fortune, as it 
has very great influence in other affairs, 
so hus especially in war, fortuna quum 
in reliquis rebus, tum praecipue in bello 
plurimum potest, Caes.: v. susT. ll. 
While, during, just as: q. v.: dum. 

Il]. Since, inasmuch as, seeing that : 
q. V.: quoniam. 

Phr.: (A) As tf: (i) ceu (in sim- 
iles): jlying through the open seas, as 
if free from the reins, per aperta 
volans, ceu liber habenis, aequora, 
Virg.: Suet. (ii) tanquam (= just as 
if: sometimes with si): there was 
darkness there, as if (it had been) 
night, tenebrae ibi erant t. nox, PL.: 
I was at his house, gust as if in my 
own, apud eum sic fui, t. dom{f meae, 
Cie.: he knows every thing, as if he 
were admitted to the king’s secrets, t. 
regis arcanis interesset, omnia scit, Liv. : 
whatever pen comes into my hands, I use 
it as if it were good, quicunque calamus 
in manus meas venerit, eo sic utor t. 
bono, Cic. (iii) quasi (less emphatic 
than tanquam: equiv. to as though, as 
it were): I fastened as greedily upon 
Greek literature as if I were desirous of 
satisfying my long thirst, Graecas literas 
sic avide arripni quasi diuturnam sitim 
explere cupiens, Cic.: philosophy, the 
parent, as it were, of all praiseworthy 
arts, philosophia landatarum artium om- 
nium quasi parens, Cic. (B) ds being: 
(i) utpoté (usu. with relat. ynvon., but 
also with berries and adjectives): I 


vélut, 











am worthless enough, as being one whe 
have to-day begun to be in love, satis 
hequam sum, utpote qui hodie incepe- 
rim amare, Pl.: uhen J vas a very little 
boy, as being not more than nine years 
old, puerulo me, utpote non amplius 
novem annos nato, Nep.: a people that 
can be counted, as being small, populus 
numerabilis utpote parvus, Hor. (ii) 
quippe (usu. witha relat. pron. or adv.): 
nor was it a disgrace te Cimon to wed 
his sister, as his fellow citizens followed 


| the same custom, neque Cinioni fuit turpe 


sororem habere in matrimonio, quippe 
cum cives ejus eodem uterentur insti- 
tuto, Nep.: v. INASMUCH AS, SINCE, 
(C) As to or for: (i) ad (with 
acc.): as to all other things we grow 
wiser by age, ad omuia alia aetate 
sapimus rectius, Ter.: v. 1N RELATION 
TO, CONCERNING. (ii) dé (with abl.) 
as to wool-work, Iam not afraid of 
anybody, de l\anificio, neminem metuo, 
Pl.: Cic. (iii) quod (= as to vhat): as 
to what you urite, that you u ill come to 
me, quod scribis te ad me venturam, 
Cic.: Caes.: as far as depends on me, 
quod ad me attinet, Cic. (D) As fol 
lows: ita: he negotiated with Caesar as 
follows, is ita cum Caesare egit, Caes. 
(For as far as, as soon as, as great as, 
etc., V. FAR, SOON, etc.)—N.B. “ As” is 
often not to be translated into Latin: (i) 
when it connects two substantives in 
apposition, or a subst. in apposition to 
the subject of the verb, or introduces a 
factitive accusative: e.g.: they send as 
ambassadors to Caesar the most illus- 
trious men of the state, legatos ad Caes- 
arem mittunt nobilissimos civitatis, 
Caes.: I have sat as juryman, I have 
conducted the investigation as praetor, 
judex sedi, praetor quaesivi, Cic.: Ser- 
vilius alone as consul had authority to 
appoint a dictator, uni consuli Servilio 
jus fuit dicendi dictatoris, Liv. (ii) when 
it is used with such verbs as “ to regard,” 
“to consider,” “to esteem :’’ where it is 
usu. an expletive even in English: e.g. : 
you regard him as faithful to you, eum 
tu habes fidelem tibi, Pl. 
asafoetida: laser, éris, n.: Plin.: 
Col.: the plant from which it is pro- 
duced, laserpitium: Pl.: Plin.: *ferula 
asafoetida ov narthex asafoetida. 
asbestos: asbestos, i, m.: Plin. 
ascend: 1, scando, di, sum, 3 (but 
the compounds are more usual, esp. in 
prose: v. infr.): to a.on a mound, in 
aggerem s., Liv.: to a. the Capitol in a 
chariot, in curru Capitolium s., Liv. : 
Hor.: v. TO CLIMB. 9. ascendo, 3 
(either with ace alone or with prep.): 
to a. into a city, in urbem a., Cic.: 
to a. the highest ridge of a mountain, 
summum jugum montis a., Caes.: 4 a. 
the rostra, in rostra s. couciouem a, Cic.: 
liv. Fig.: to a. to the highest position 
in a state, in summum locum civitatis 
a.,Cic.: toa. from less to greater things, 
a minoribus a majora a., Cic.: the voice 
as by degrees, gradatim a. vox, Cic. 
38. conscendy, 3 (less freq. in prose, 
except in sense of to mount, embark, 
q. v.): to a. mountains, montes c., Cat. : 
Virg. 4. escendo, 3: to a. froma 
deep well to the surface, ex alto puteo ad 
summum e., Pl: to a. into the vostra, 
in rostra e., Cic.; rostrae., lac. (v. also 
sSupr. 2). 5, succédo, cessi, cessum, 3 
(with ace. : whereas with dat., except in 
poetry, it means to come up lo: q. V.): 
toa. the walls, muros s., Liv.: ‘Tac.: 
higher he a.’d (of the Gaul climbing the 
Capitol), quo successerit magis in ardu- 
um, Liv. : poet. with dat.: to a. the lofty 
sky, alto coelo s., Virg. Fig.: toa. to 
the highest honour, ad summum s. ho- 
norem, Lucr.: Virg. §, siibeo, ivi 
and ii, itum, 4 (same constr. as succedo) : 
if the Romans should attempt toa. the 
hill, si Romani s. collem conarentur, 
Hirt.: Liv.. rain-vater is capable of 
a.ing and floating in the air, imbrium 
aqua s, potest, ac pendere in aere, Plin. 
7. @grédior, gressus, 3 (—to make 
one’s way to a point): to a. too high, 
altius e., Ov.: toa. to the top of amoun 
49 


ASCENDANT 


ASHES 


ASK 





tain, ad summum montis e., Sall. 8, 
énitor, nisus, 3 (implying an effort in the 
ascent): to a. the Alps, Alpes e., Tac. 
9, Gvado, vasi, vasum, 3 (e-p. 
poet.) : she had a.’d the lofty steps, gradus 
evaserat altos, Virg.: Liv.: v. To MOUNT, 
cLmmB, RISE. Phr.: to a. the throne 
regnum suscipere: V.TO SUCCEED TO. 
ascendant (subs.) ; now chiefly used 
in the phrase to be in the ascendant, of 
one rising to greater and greater emi 
nence (a figure borrowed from astrology). 
Phr.: such were the vicissitudes of for- 
tune in these times, that now the one 
party, now the other was in the a., tanta 
varietas his temporibus fuit fortunae ut 
modo hi modo illi in summo essent fas- 
tigio, Nep.: the influence of the wisest 
was completely in the a., auctoritas sapi- 
entissimorum maxime florebat, Cic. 
Rep. 2, 34 (but neither of the above 
phrases exactly expresses the idea of the 
English: we may prosaiacally expr. 
such a sentence as “the star of Caesar 
was in the a.,” by, Caesar in dies major 
fieri; illuc cuncta vergere: cf. Tac. 
A. 1, 3): V. ASCENDENCY. 
ascendency: i.e. superior influence : 
j, pdtentia (esp. used of power or 
influence exerted without constitutional 
right): against the fartion and a. of the 
few, contra factionem et p- paucorum, 
Sall.: he invidiously maligned my 4., 
meam p. invidiose criminabatur, Cic, 
9. auctOritas: v. AUTHORITY, IN- 
FLUENCE. Phr.: the democracy gained 
the a., populus superior factus (est), 
Nep.: to have the a., superiorem esse, 
Cic.: Nep.: to gain ana. over a person 
(i.e. to gain a strong influence over 
him), aliquem sibi devincire, Cic.: v. 
TO ATTACH. 
ascension: V- ASCENT. Phr.: the 
Ascension, Christi in coelum ascensio. 
Aug.: Ascension-day, Dies Ascensionis 
Domini, Eccl.: festum ascensionis I)o- 
minicae: Du Cange. 
ascent: |, The act of ascending . 


1, Expr. by verb: as, during the | 


a. to the summit, dum in summum 
ascenditur: v. TO ASCEND. 9. ascen- 
sus, us: they began to hinder the fore- 
most from the a., primos prohibere 
ascensu coeperunt, Caes. Fig.: an a. 
to a degree of higher honour, ad honoris 
amplioris gradum a., Cic. I]. The 
way or means of ascending: ascensus : 
a difficult and steep a., a. difficilis atque 
arduus, Cic. II. Znclination or slope 
upwards; q.v. Phr.: the read has an 
a. of not less than a foot in 200, via 
libramenta habet fastigata non minus in 
centenos pedes semipede (cf. Viti. 8, 6, 1). 

ascertain: |, To make certain : 
vy. TO DEFINF, PROVF. I]. To obtain 
certain knowledge: 1, compério, péri, 
pertum, 4: they ad that a bridge was 
being made, pontem fieri compererunt, 
Gaes.. he had a.’d this from sure in- 
formants, id certis auctoribus comper- 
erat, Cic. (A stronger expression is 
compertum habere; which denotes the 
possession of well-grounded knowledge : 
as, Ihave a.’d that words do not make 
men brave, compertum habeo verba vir- 
tutem non addere, Sall.) 2. répério, 
4: Pythagoras is a.’d to have come 
to Sybaris, Sybarim Pythagoras venisse 
reperitur, Cic.: Caes.: Vv. TO LEARN. 

ascertainable: quod comperiri pot- 
est: Vv. TO ASCERTAIN 

ascertainment: cognitio: the a. of 
facts, rerum c., Cic.: Quint. (But usu. 
better expr. by ger. or other part of 
verb: v. TO ASCERTAIN.) 

ascetic (adj): ascéticus: M. L. 
(Gr. aoxntixos) : V. also ABSTINENT. 

ascetic (swhs.): ascéta, m.: M. PSs 
a femal a., ascétria : Just. Nov.: places 
of retirement for a.s, ascétéria, orum, 

‘od. Justin. 

ascetism: 1. timia continentia in 
victu omni atque cultu, Cic. Off 2, 24. 

9, nimia temperantia in victu, Cic. 

Tusc. 5, 20, 57- 3. immanitas in vol- 
uptatibus aspernandis, Cic. Part. 23, 81. 

ascites (a kind of dropsy): ascites, 
ae, m.: Coel. Aur. 

50 





ascititious : V. ADDITIONAL. 

asclepiad; metrum asclépiadeum 
Diom. 

ascribable: ascribendus. etc.: Vv. 
foll. art. 

ascribe: |. Jo refer to, as toa 
cause: 1. adjiidico, 1- Pompey often 
a.d to me the safety of this empire, Pom- 
peius saepe hujus mibi salutem imperii 
adjudicavit, Cic. Q. ascribo, scripsi, 
scriptum, 3. this loss is to be a.d to 
Scipio, hoc incommodum Scipioni ascri- 
bendum est, Cic. 3, assigno, 1: do 
not a. this to my dishonesty, ne hoc im- 
probitati meae assignes, Cic.: we a. all 
fortunate events to your prudence, omnia 
prospera tuo consilio assignamus, Liv. 

4. attribiio, tli, itum, 3: we a. good 

results to the gods, bonos exitus diis at- 
tribuimus, Cie.—(Note. The four pre- 
ceding words do not materially differ 
from each other; except that adjudico 
denotes a more formal expression of 
op nion than the rest.) 5. conféro, 
tiili, latum, 3 (espec. in phr. culpam, 
laudem conf., and the like): fo a. oves 
vices to old age, sua vitia in senectutem 
c., Cic.: Luer. G. référo, 3 (i.e. io 
refer toasa cause: q. V.): lo a. every- 
thing to fiery force, omnia ad igneam 
vim referre, Cic. 7. congéro, gessi, 
gestum, 3 (i.e. to heap upon; to accn- 
mulate praise, honour, blame, etc. upon 
any one): all would a. to them the blame 
of the land being devastated, and of the 
imminent dangers, omnes vastati agri 
periculorumque imminentium causas in 
se congesturos, Liv. : Cic. 8. traho, 
traxi, tractum, 3 (usu. of what is wn- 
fairly or incoi rectly ascribed). they a. 
to the consul the honour of talcing Nola, 
captae decus Nolue ad consulem trahunt, 
Liv.: whatever 
bravery, omnia non bene consulta in 
virtutem trahebantur, Sall. Phr.: to 
the Roman penple must bea.d the praise 


that that city was preserved, Populi R. | 


laus est, urbem illam esse servatam, 
Cic.: my inspiration and my power to 
please I a. to thee, quod spiro et placeo, 
tuum est, Hor. _ |, Zo refer to, as to 
a possessor or author: V. TO ATTRIBUTE. 

ascrivtion: expr- by part of verb: 


as, to join in the a.of praise to any | 


one, uno ore alicui laudem tribuere, 
cumulare, congerere: V. TO ATTRIBUTE, 
ASCRIBE. 
ash-tree: 1. fraxinus,i, Tae Vile 
Hor.: Plin. Q. ornus, i, f. (the flower- 
ing ash): Virg.: Hor.: Pin. 3. *py- 
rus aucuparia (the mountain-ash) : Linn. 
ash, ashen: 1, fraxinéus: Virg.: 
Vv. 9. fraxinus: Ov. 3, ornéus: 
Col. 
ash-colored : cinéréus: Col.: Plin. 
ashamed: 1, piidibundus: she will 
mingle with the wanton satyrs some- 
what a., intererit satyris paulum pudi- 
bunda protervis, Hor.: a. and sorrow- 
ful, p. ac moerens, Plin. 9. pudore 
confusus: Ov. 
, be or feel: pudét, wit or 
piiditum est, 2 (with ace. of the person 
who experiences, and gen. or inf. mood 
of that which excites. the feeling): there 
are men who are neither a. nor vexed at 
their infamy, sunt homines quos infa- 
miae suae neque pudeat, neque taedeat, 
Cie.: we are a. of our scars, cicatricum 
pudet, Hor.: I should be ashamed to say 
Tdid not understand, puderet me dicere 
non intelligere, Cic.: also with supine 
in u: I am a. to say, pudet dictu, 
Tac. -(Note. In Plautus is found the 
personal form pudeo: Cas. 5, 2, 33) 00 
feel somewhat a., suppiidet (constr. same 
as that of the simple verh): Cic. Phr.- 
T am a., mibi rubor suffunditur, Sen 
(v. TO BLUSH) : to fortify onese! f against 
being a., se contra pudorem munire, Tac. 
ashes: 1. cinis, éris, m. rarely f. 
(in ordinary sense usu. sing.; in fig. 
sense, and esp. of the aces of the dead, 
more frequently pl.) : lye ashes, c. lixi- 
vius, Col.: Pl.: ashes extinct and al- 
ready cold, c. extinctus et jam frigidus, 
Suet.: to reduce to smoke and ashes, 
vertere in fumum et cinerem, Hor. 








was rash was ad to | 


(bur in ordinary language to reduce to 
ashes may best be expressed by con- 
cremare ; v. TO CONSUME, BURN). Fig. 
of a dangerous work: you walk over 
fires concealed beneath the treacherous 
a., incedis per ignes suppositos cineri 
doloso, Hor.: the a. of one's native land, 
cineres patriae, Virg. Esp. of the a. of 
the dead: he besought him by the a. of 
his dead brother, obsecravit per ‘ratris 
sui mortui cinerem, Cic.: swear by the 
a. of your patron, jura per patroni tui 
cineres, Quint. Q. favilla (hot a. 
only sing.): cinders and cast-out 4., 
cineres ejectataque f., Ov.: Plin.: you 
will sprinkle with the tear that ts due the 
glowing a. of the poet, calentem debita 
sparges lacrima favillam vatis, Hor.: 
Virg.: v. EMBERS. 3. lix, licis. f. 
(rare): Plin. Phr.: to repent in sack- 
cloth and a., *in cilicio et ciner: poen- 
itentiam exercere, Vulg. (but the ex- 
pression is unclassical; the Roman mode 
of exhibiting grief being simply the 
wearing of wnvashed, foul garments: 
whence the pbr. sordidatum, atratum 
esse: V. TO MOURN, MOURNING). 
ygablar: caementa, orum : Cic.: Liv.: 
| Vitr. 
ashore: |. 0m fo theshore: Phrs 
| to go ashore (from a vessel), in terram 
egredi, Cic.; in terram evadere, Liv.: fo 
drive a ship a., navem in terram ejicere, 
Caes.: the soldiers had been put a., mi- 
lites ex navibus erant expositi, Caes. : 
| the triveme came a. in thecountry of the 
| Chauci, triremis Chaucorum terram ap- 
pulit, Tac. Il. On theshore: Phr.: 
| many snares have been laid for me both 
a. and afloat, multae mihi insidiae terra 
| marique factae sunt, Cic.: Vv. SHORE, 
| LAND. 

Ash-Wednesday: Dies cineris et 
cilicii, qui caput jejunii dicitur, Synod. 
| ap. Du Cange. 

ashy: cinéracéus: a. earth, c. cerra, 
Plin.: ana. colour, c. color, Plin. 

Asiatic: asiaticus: Cic.: Piin. 

aside: v- ApaRT. Phr.: I kept 
saying something, I lenow not what, 
a. to my slare,in aurem dicere nescio 
| quid puero, Hor.: J saida., 0 Bolanus! 
happy in thy choleric vein, O te Bolane! 
cerebri felicem, aieb:m tacitus, Hor. 

asinine: |. Pertaining to the ass: 
Zsininus: Varr.: Plin. |], Stupid, q. 
v.: stdlidus: v. also Ass. 

ask: |. Tovequest. beg: 1, rogo,t 
(foll. by ut or ne and subj.: also by a 
donble acc. when the second is a neuter 
pronoun): your brother asks you not to 
go farther away, rogat te frater ne long- 
jus abeas, Ter.: for this I urgently asle 
you again and again, hoc te vehementer 
etiam atque etiam rogo, Cic.: also in 
the poets with a full double accusative 
(like posco): as, he a.s the gods For 
| ease, otium divos rogat, Hor. 2, péto: 
v. TO BEG. 3. posco: v. TO CLAIM, 
pEMAND.—Note. Rogo is the ordinary 
word for to ask, as one would pnt a re- 
quest to an equal : peto is to beg, petition 
jor, esp. of a request made to a sup- 
erior: posco implies a c’aim on the 
part of the person asking: postulo is 
even stronger than posco : while flagito, 
efflagito are used only of tmportunate ot 
clamorous demands. I]. Zo interro- 
gate, inquire: 1, rogo, 1: Ia. wha 
she is, quae sit rogo, Ter.: why do you 
a. me that ? I said: asl the Stoics, quid 
me istud rogas? inquam; Stoicos roga, 
Cic.: to a. about vou, de te rogare, Cic. : 
he first was ad his opinion, primus ro- 
gatus est sententiam, Sall. To a. again 
and again, rogito, 1 (freg.): they re- 
peated/y a. how I am, rogitant me ut 
valeam, Pl.: Virg. Q. interrégo, I 
(unlike rogo, never used in sense I): 
answer what I a. you, hoc quod te 
interrogo responde, Pl: do you a, me 
whether (I bid you go) into exile ? inter- 
rogas num in exilium? Cic.: when he 
was a.’d whether he thought more of his 
Sather or of his mother, is cum interroga~ 
Tetur utrum pluris patrem matremne 
faceret, Nep. 3. percontor (percunc- 
tor), 1; ig. interrogo: a. him how ha 








ASKANCE 


ASSASSIN 


ASSAY 


———  ____- - 00.0. —o 


does, ut valeat percunctare, Hor. : Quint. : 
v.TO ENQUIRE. 4, quaero, quaesivi, 
quaesitum, 3 (usu. with prep. ex or ab): 
he a.’d his physicians how he was, quae- 
sivit a medicis quemadmodum se ha- 
beret, Nep.: having a.'d whether Caesar 
had come, quaesito (neut. abl. absol.) an 
Caesar venisset, Tac.: Vv. TO ENQUIRE; 
QUESTION (subs.). 5, sciscitor, 1: toa. 
any one's opinion, sententiam ex aliquo 
s., Cic.: toa. the consul’s wish, consulis 
voluntatem s., Liv. 6. scitor, 1: to 
a. and inquire the causes, scitari et 
quuerere causas, Virg.: he a.s why she 
comes, quid veniat scitatur, Ov.: v. TO 
INQUIRE. 

askance: Phr.: to look a., limis 
oculis aspicere, PL: she smiled a., limis 
subrisit ocellis, Ov.: v. OBLIQUELY. 

asker: percontator: Pl.: Hor. (or 
expr by part. of verb: as, to turn away 
Jrom a.s, rogantes aversari): Vv. TO ASK. 

aslant: obliqué: v. oBLiqQueL. 

asleep, to be: dormio, 4: to bz fast 
a., arote et graviter d., Cic. Phr.: Ca- 
ninius has not been a. during his whole 
consulship, Caninius suo toto consulatu 
somnum non vidit, Cic.: he when a. has 
true visions, is vera cernit in somnis, 
Cic.: v. SLEEP. 

asleep, to fall: 1, obdormisco, 
3: what ts better than to fall a.in the 
midst of the labour of life? quid me- 
lius quam in mediis vitae laboribus o. ? 
Cic.: Suet. 2, obdormio, 4: #ndy- 
mion fell asleep in Latmos, Endymion 
in Latmo obdormivit, Cic.: Suet. Phr.: 
I fell a. more soundly than usual, me 
arctior quam solebat sumnus complexus 
est, Cic. 

asleep, to put: _ 1, sopio, 4: & 
put a. men overcome with wine, s. vino 
oneratos, Liv.: Tib. 9. consopio, 4 
(stronger than preceding): Andymion 
ts thought to have been put a. by Luna, 
Endymion a Luna consopitus putatur, 
Cic. 3, sdporo, 1 (esp. of the effect of a 
sleeping draught) : opium puts the mind 
@., opium mentem s., Scrib.: v. TO LULL. 

asleep, half; semisomnus or is, e: 
Virg.: Liv. 

asp. aspis, idis, f.: Cic.: Plin. 

asparagus: asparagus: Plin.: Suet.: 
wild a., corruda, Plin.: acanthillis, idis, 
f.: Apul 

aspect: |, Look, appearance: q.v.: 
aspectus, Us, visus, Us, forma, facies. 
Phr.: the follo ing is the a. of city 
affairs, urbanae res sic se habent, Cic.: 
such is the a. of public affairs, haec 
sunt in republica, Cic.: you see the entire 
a. of my affairs, qui sit rerum status 
noster vides, Cic.: nothing could be more 
desperate than the a. of public affairs, 
republica nihil desperatius, Cic. I. 
Countenance : q. v.: vultus, iis. Mh. 
Position; with respect to prospect or ex- 
posure. Phr.. the partof thecity which 
had a sea a., urbis pars quae ad mare 
spectabat, Cic.: let winter dining-rooms 
have a western a., hiberna triclinia occid- 
entem spectent, Vitr.: bedrooms ought 
to have an eastern a., cubicula ad orient- 
em spectare debent, Vitr. V, The 
relative situation of the planets: aspect- 
us: v. Plin. 2, 68. 

aspen: *popiilus trémiila: Linn. 
(the tree which Pliny describes as popn- 
lus foliis ludentibus, is supposed to be 
the aspen). 

asperity : acerbitas: v. ROUGHNESS, 
SEVERITY, MOROSENESS. 

asperse: aspergo, spersi, spersum, 
3 (with some defining word): to a. a 
man (with abuse or calumny), aliquem 
lingua a., Auct. Her.: v. TO SLANDER, 
CALUMNIATE. 

asperser: calumniator: v. SLANDERER. 

aspersion: opprobrium: vv. RE- 
PROACH, SLANDER. 

asphalt: bitimen, inis, n.: Tac.: 
Plin. 


asphaltic ; bitiiminatus, Plin.: bi- 
timinéus, Ov.. v. BITUMINOUS. 
aspvhodel : 1, asphddélus: Plin. 
2, albiciis: Apul. (Plin. uses this 
word to designate the stalk of the as- 


asphyxia: asphyxia: M. L. 

@SPI1c: V. ASP. 

aspirant: 1. appétens, entis (prop. 
a participle): Jugurtha was an a. for 
military renown, erat Jugurtha appet- 
ens gloriae militaris, Sall. 9. affec- 
tator: an a. for love, amoris a., Eutr. 

3. appétitor: ana. for praise, a. 

laudum, Amm.: Vv. CANDIDATE. 

aspirate (v.): aspiro, 1 (with dat.) : 
to a.consonants, consonantibus a., Quint. 
Phr.: our ancestors used to a. vowels 
only, majores nusquam nisi in vocali 
aspiratione utebantur, Cic, 

asvirate (subs.): 
breathing or its mark: 
nota: Quint. Q, spiritus asper: Prisc. 

Il. An ad sound or its symbol: 

vocis sonus s. litera cui aspiratio adjic- 
itur (cf. Quint. 1, 5, 19). 

aspiration: |. Gram. ¢. ¢.: aspi- 
ratio: Cic.: Quint.: Vv. ASPIRATE. 5 
Ardent desire, chiefly for what is noble 


|. The rough 


and elevated: affectatio: philosophy is | 


love for and a. after wisdom, philosophia 
sapientiae amor est et a. Sen.: a. after 
supreme power, imperiia., Suet. Phr.: 
young men ought to have lofty a.s, ju- 
venes magna spectare debent, Cic.: v. 
TO ASPIRE. 

aspire: |], affecto, 1: toa. to royal 
power, regnum a., Liv.: Ov.: thehonour 
to which he a.d, honor quem affectabat, 
Suet. 2. péto, ivi, itum, 3: to a. to 
glory, gloriam p., Sall.: toa, to supre- 
macy in eloquence, eloquentiae princip- 
atum p., Cic. 3. specto, 1: fo a. 
high, alte spectare, Cic.: the eloquence 
towhich Ia., ea eloquentia quam specto, 
Cic.: I have always a.d to being con- 
nected with you as closely as possible, 
spectavi semper ut tibi possem quam 
maxime esse conjunctus, Cic. 4, spiro, 
1: toa. to lofty things, altum s., Stat.: 
to a. to greater things, majora s, Curt. 
Phr.: Metellus warned Marius not to a. 
beyond his condition, Metellus Marium 
monebat ne super fortunam animum ger- 
eret, Sall.: v. TO STRIVE AFTER.—NOTE. 
The verb aspiro (ads.) appears some- 
times to be used in the sense of to aspire, 
esp. after negative or virtually negative 
sentences: as, in Virg. 12, 352: ‘nec 
equis aspirat Achillis,’ or in Cic. Brut. 
21: ‘‘ex bellica laude aspirare ad A fri- 
canum nemo potest:’” but the meaning 
of the expression seems rather to be 
“‘(not) to be able to get near enough to 
breathe upon:”’ v.TO APPROACH, 

aspiring (adj.): appétens, entis 
(with gen.): a. after glory and greedy 
of praise, a. gloriae atque avidus laudis, 
Cic.: Sall. 

asquint: to look as., strabonem esse, 
Cic.; perversis simis oculis esse, Cic.: 
V. TO SQUINT. 

ass: |. Lit.: theanimal: Asinus: 
Cic.: a young ass, an ass’s colt, or sim- 
ply (poet.), an ass, Asellus: Cic.: Virg. : 
Hor.; Ov.: @ she ass, Asina: Varr.: Plin.: 
a small or young she ass, sella, Ov.: a 
wild ass, Onager or Onagrus, Virg. : 
Plin.: an ass-driver, asinarius, Cato: 
asses’ milk, lac asinorum, Plin. Il. 
Fig.: a@ stupid person: 1, asinus: 
Rerscirds 2, vervex, écis, m. (prop. 
@ sheep): Pl.: Juv.: v. FOOL, SIMPLE- 
TON, BLOCKHEAD. 

assail: 1, appéto, ivi, itum, 3: 
the life of his son was often a.’d by open 
violence and by treachery, filii vita saepe 
ferro atque insidiis appetita est, Cic. 
Fig.: a’d by every insult, ignominiis 
omnibus appetitus, Quint. 2. op- 
pugno, 1: toa. a camp, castra op., Caes. 
Fig.: to a.any one with money, ali- 
quem pecunia op., Cic.- v. TO ATTACK, 
ASSAULT. 3, invéhor, vectus, 3 (of 
assailing with abuse, etc.): ¥. TO IN- 
VEIGH AGAINST. 

assailable: qui oppugnari potest. 

assailant, assailer: oppugnator: 
the a. of his country, 0. patriae, Cic. : 
the a. of my safety, 0. meae salutis, 
Cic. (or expr. by part. of verb: as, a 
place suitable for the a.s, locus oppug- 
nantibus opportunus: v. TO ASSAIL.) 

assassin: 


1, aspirationis | 








1, percussor: an a. was 


apprehended with a dagger in his pot 
session, p. deprehensus est cum sica, Cic.: 
a nocturnal a., nocturnus p., Petr. Q, 
sicarius (esp. of one who makes murder 
his trade): an old a., vetus s., Cic.: 
Hor. 3. lanista (fig.: prop. a mas- 
ter of gladiators): Cic.: v. MURDERER. 

assassinate: insidiis or per insidias 
interficio, féci, fectum, 3: Marcellus had 
been a.d, Marcellus insidiis interfectus 
erat, Cic.: uhat had he done that you 
uished to a. him? quid fecerat quod 
eum per insidias interficere voluistis? 
Cic.: v. TO MURDER. 

assassination: 1. caedes, is, f.: 
to hive any one to commit an a., aliquem 
ad caedem faciendam conducere, Cic.: 
Clodius effected the a. of many private 
persons, Clodius multorum privatorum 
caedes effecit, Cic. 2, gladius (by 
m on.): there is impunity for a.s, gla- 
diorum est impunitas, Cic. 3, sica 
(by meton.): hence a.s, hence poisonings, 
hence forged wills proceed, hine sicae 
hine venena, hinc falsa testamenta nas- 
cuntur, Cie. Phr.: an inquiry into a 
charge of a.,quaestio inter sicarios, Cic. : 
to defend or accuse any one on a charge 
of a., aliquem inter sicarios defendere 
accusare, Cic.: Vv. MURDER. 

assault (subs.) : |. A hostile and 
violent onset : 1, impetus, ts (i e. a 
sudden rush or onset : q.v.): to attack a 
town with a vigorous a.,oppidum magno 
i. oppugnare, Caes. 2, oppugnatio 
(more comprehensive than the preced- 
ing, and including the whole offensive 
operations of a siege): a.s of towns, op- 
pidorum oppugnationes, Cic.: fo sustain 
an d., oppugnationem sustinere, Caes. 

3. vis, f. (i.e. violent attack, as 

opp. to blockade): the town could be 
taken neither by a. nor by blockade, op- 
pidum nec vi nec munimento capi pot- 
erat, Liv. 4, impressio (i.e. an attack 
of troops which presses hard upon the 
enemy): to make an a., dare im., Liv. ; 
im. facere, Liv.: Varr. 5, assultus, as 
(lit. a, springing upon : rare): he presses 
the place by varivus a.s, locum variis a. 
urget, Virg. Phr.: the walls are taken 
by a,, moenia scalis capiuntur, Liv. : v. To 
STORM. |, Violence exercised or threat- 
ened against a person (legal t.t.): 1, 
vis, vim, Vi, f.: this is ana., indeed! to 
be both dragged and pushed at the same 
time, vis haec quidem est et trahi et trudi 
simul! Pl.: Icharge you tocommit no 
a. upon her, edico tibi ne vim facias 
ullam in illam, Ter.: he had committed 
an a. upon me, mihi vim et manus in- 
tnlerat, Cic.: he kept shouting out at 
the top of his voice that I was commit- 
ting an a, upon him, voce maxima vim 
me sibi afferre clamabat, Cic.: a person 
charged with a., de vi reus, Cic. Esp. 
a ‘‘criminal”’ assault : the tribune was 
killed by him upon whom he was com- 
mitting a c. a., tribunus interfectus ab 
eo est cui vim afferebat, Cic.: a c. a. on 
a@ woman, vis illata mulieri, Ov.: v. 
RAPE. 2. manus, f. (in pl.; only in 
certain phr.): to commit an a. upon any 
one, alicui manus afferre, inferre, Cic. < 
vis and manus are sometimes combi 34 
in this sense: v. supr. (1). 

assault (v.): |, To employ force 
against: ], addrior, ortus, 4: to a.a 
city, urbem vi adoriri, Liv.: Cic. ss 
oppugno, I: to a. a camp, castra o., 
Caes.: toa. a town, oppidum o., Cic.: 
Vv. TO ATTACK, ASSAIL. lj. Legal t.t.: 
V. ASSAULT (subs. I1.). 

assaulter: ¥. ASSAILANT. 

assay (subs.): i.e. trial of metals: 

1, obrussa (only of gold): fire is 

the test of gold ; that they call the assay, 
anri experimentum ignis est; id obrus- 
sam vocant, Plin.: Suet. Fig.: reason 
must be applied as the assay, adhibenda 
est tanquam obrussa ratio, Cic. = 
spectatio (in a looser sense): deductions 
used to be made from the whole sum on 
account of the assay and agio, ex omni 
pecunia deductiones fieri solebant pro 
spectatione et collybo, Cic. 3, exps- 
rimentum: v. supr. (1. init.) 

assay (v.): |. To giPraric > 


ASSAY-BALANCE 


ASSESSMENT 





specto, 1 (only in a loose sense): to give |a minor place of a., whether in the 


silver to be a.’d, argentum dare spec- 
tandum, Pl.: gold is a.’d by jire, spec- 
tatur in ignibus aurum, Ov. II. Ze 
attempt (q. v.): conor, tento: v.TO TRY. 
assay-balance; statera ad obrus- 
gam: V. BALANCE. 
assayer, assay-master: pecuniae 
spectator, Donat. : monetae aequator, 
Inscr.- qui obrussae praeest. 
assemblage: 1. congrégatio: an 
a. of arguments, c. argumentorum, 
Quint. 2, congéries, Gi, f.: an a. of 
corpses, c. cadaverum, Val. Fl.. v. COL- 
LECTION, HEAP, ACCUMULATION. 
assemble: A, Trans.: 1, cogo, 
cdégi, cdactum, 3: to a. an army into 
one place, exercitum in unum locum ¢., 
Caes.: Ia.d the senate, senatum cvegi, 
Cic. 9. contraho, xi, ctum, 3: toa. 
an army into one place, exercitum in 
unum locum c., Caes.: to a.alarge fleet, 
c magnam classem, Nep. 3. com- 
pello, puli, pulsum, 3 (usu. of Sorcible 
action): he a.d scattered men into one 
place, dispersos homines compulit unum 
in locum, Cic. 4, conciéo, civi, citum, 
23 or concio, 4 (by mental stimulus): 
to a. men by the wonder of a new thing, 
homines miraculo rei novae conciere, 
Liv.: to a. an army from the whole 
island, exercitum ex tota insula c., Liv. 
5, condico, duxi, ductum, 3 (lit. to 
lead together): to a.an army into one 
place, exercitum in unum locum ¢., 
Caes.: to a. auxiliaries, auxilia c., Liv. 
6, convoco, 1 (lit. to call together: 
¥. TO CONVENE): toa. scattered men to 


community of life, dissipatos homines in * 


societatem vitae c., Cic. : Vv. TO COLLECT, 
BRING TOGETHER. ‘7, congrégo, I: v. 
TO GATHER TOGETHER. ae lin= 
trans. 1, cdéo, 4: the soldiers a., 
militesc.,Caes. thousands of hornets a., 
millia crabrorum c., Ov. . convénio, 
véni, ventum, 4: the soldiers had ad 
out of the province, milites ex provincia 
convenerant, Caes.: they did not cease 
secretly to a. together, non desistebant 
clam inter se ¢., Cic.: v. TO MEET TO- 
GETHER. 3. congrégo, 1 (in pass. or 
with pron. refl.) : Vv. TO GATHER TO- 
GETHER. 
assembly: 1. coetus, is: an a. 
of spirits, c. animorum, Cic.: an a. of 
married ladies, matronarum c., Cic.: 
Virg. 9. conventus, us (like the pre- 
ceding, applicable to any a.): Persius 
is laughed at by the whole a., Persius ri- 
detur ab omnic., Hor.: Cic.: Liv. 3, 
concilium (@ formal a.and usu. a large 
one): an a. of the gods, c. deorum, Cic.: 
to proclaim, give notice of an a., c. in- 
dicere, Liv.: to convene an a., c. convo- 
care, Caes.; c. vocare, Virg.: to hold an 
a. of the people, c. plebis habere, Cic.: 
to adjourn an a. (to another place), 
c. transferre, Caes.: to dismiss an a., 
c. dimittere, Caes. 4, consilium 
{usn. a select assembly for deliberation) : 
the supreme a. of the world, summum 
¢, orbis terrae, Cic. 5. contio (an 
a. convoled by authority, and for the 
purpose of hearing an address): to 
summon an a. of the people, c. populi 
advocare, Sall.: to summon an a, of 
soldiers, c. militum advocare, Caes. : 
what I said in the (popular) a.s, quae 
in contionibus dixi, Cic. 6. cdmitia, 
orum (the historical name for three 
great a.s of the Roman people, viz.: c. 
curiata, tributa, centuriata: v. Dict. Ant. 
8.v.): to propose a law at the centuriate 
a., legem ferre comitiis centuriatis, Cic. : 
the curiate a. has only remained for the 
sake of the auspices, c. curiata tantum 
auspiciorum causa remanserunt, Cic.: v. 
ELECTIONS. 7, comsessus, Us (any a. 
of seated persons): the crowded a. of the 
theatre, frequens c. theatri, Cic.: Virg. 
8, conventictilum (a small or petty 
a): Cic. 9, acréasis, is, f. (an a. of 
learned persons, conversazione: rare): 
Cic. 10. cordna (an a. of people 
standing round): Cic.: Ov.: Vv. COUN- 
OIL, CONCOURSE. 
assembly-room: perh. conciliabii- 
lum (not strictly a room; but denoting 
52 














open air or not: in Tert. the places of 
public amusement are called conciliabula 
spectaculorum: v. Forcell. s. v.): Liv.: 
Tac.: or *atrium ad coetus habendos. 

assent (subs.): 1, assensio: popu- 
lar a., popularis a., Cic.: frequent ex- 
pressions of a., crebrae assensiones, Cic. 

9. assensus, us: to speak with the 

assent of all, assensu omnium dicere, 
Cic.. Liv.: to withhold one’s a., a. cohib- 
ere, Cic. Phr.: he will not be able to 
withhold a. on the other points, in reli- 
quis rebus non poterit insistere, Cic.: 
with my a., me assentiente (Vv. TO AS- 
SENT). or, meo assensu ;: V. supr. (2): v. 
CONSENT. 

assent (v.): 1, assentio, si, sum, 
4: his fellow-citizens always a.’d to his 
wishes, ejus semper voluntatibus cives 
assenserunt, Cic. 2. assentior, sus, 4 
(the dep. is more usual: v. Gell. 2, 25 
jin.) : to a. to any one's opinion, a. ali- 
cui, Cic. (v. TO AGREE WITH): they a.’d 
to the opinion, sententiae sunt assensi, 
Cic. 3. concédo, cessi, cessum, 3: Vv. 
TO GRANT (II. 2), YIELD. 4, anniio 
(adn.), ti, utum, 3 (strictly to nod by 
way of assent): ut may be that he spoke 
in anger: Silus a.s, fieri potest ut is 
iratus dixerit: Silus annuit, Cic.: also 
with dat.: toa. to a request, petenti a., 
Virg. : v. TO COMPLY WITH. 5, sub- 
scribo, gcripsi, scriptum, 3 (prop. to put 
one’s signature to: hence to endorse, 
support, consent to): I have a.’d to your 
desire, desiderio tuo subscripsi, Traj. ad 
Plin.: v. TO SECOND, TO AGREE, AP- 
PROVE. 

assenter: 1, acceptor: J was an 
a. to thetr false words, illorum verbis 
falsis a. fui, Pl. 2, assensor: Cic. 
(But usu. better expr. by verb: v. TO 
ASSENT.) 

assentingly : *assentientis s. annu- 
entis modo: Vv. TO ASSENT. 


assert: |. Zo affirm positively : 
1, affirmo,1 J a. nothing, I exa- 


mine all things, nihil affirmo, quaero om- 
nia, Cic. Q, confirmo,t: they a.’d that 
Caesar had hastened into the provinces, 
Caesarem in provincias contendisse con- 
firmabant, Caes.: Cic. (Note. Confirmo 
is stronger than affirmo, and often means 
to establish, prove; but both are some- 
what more emphatic than the Eng. 
word.) 8, dico, dixi, dictum, 3: they 
a.'d, I denied, illi dicebant, ego negabam, 
Cic.: I a. that you went the preceding 
night into the house of M. Laeca, dico te 
priori nocte venisse in M. Laecae do- 
mum, Cic. (Ihe negative, to assert that 
something is not so, may be expressed 
by nego: v.TO DENY.) 4. aio, defect. 
(less emphatic than dico): they a.’d that 
Tarquinius had been “instigated by 
Cicero, Tarquinium a Cicerone immis- 
sum aiebant, Sall.: v TO AFFIRM, ASSE- 
VERATE.—NOorE. In this sense asséro is 
found in late writers only; as Arnob. 
||, Zo maintain, claim, vindicate : 

q. V.: eXSéquor, asséro. 

assertion: |, 4 positive statement : 

1, affirmatio: J believed the a. of 

Laterensis, credidi affirmationi Lateren- 
sis, Cie.: Caes. 2, confirmatio: thea. 
of the deserter, c. perfugae, Caes. 3. 
assévératio (vehement a.): Vv. ASSEVE- 
RATION. I]. Maintenance, claim, 
vindication; q. V.: postilatio. (assertio 
often in Arnob.) 

assertor: |. One who asserts: qui 
affirmat, confirmat, etc. I]. A main- 
tainer: assertor; Suet. ; Arnob. 

assess: |. To determine the value 
of property, in order to fix the amount 
of taxes to be imposed upon tt: hence, in 
gen., to tax: censéo, sui, sum, 2: J will 
take care that you are not a’din your 
absence, ne absens censeare curabo, Cic. : 
Sicily is a.’d every yifth year, quinto 
quoque anno Sicilia censetur, Cic.: v. 
TO TAX, ESTIMATE. |]. Zo vu/ue: q.v.: 
aestimo. |]. £0 ascertain the amount 
of: Phr.: wt ts the duty of a jury 
to a. damages, judicum est litem aesti- 
mare (cf. Caes. B.G. 5, 1). 

assessment: |. 4 valuation, esp. 


ASSIGNABLE 


jor purposes of taxation, also the 
amount assessed: ], census, is: Me- 
tellus had intimated that he would not 
adhere to the a.s which had been made, 
census qui sunt habiti non servaturum 
se Metellus ostenderat, Cic. Verr. 2, 26, 
63: the Sicilians pay taxes according 
to an a. every year, Siculi ex censu 
quotannis tributa conferunt, Cic. ib. 53, 
131: they had lowered the a.s of all the 
most wealthy persons, and raised those 
of the poorest, locupletissimi cujusque 
census extenuarant, tenuissimi auxerant, 
Cic.: Suet. 2. aestimatio: an a. of 
real and personal property, aes. posses- 
sionum et rerum, Caes.: the a. of pro- 
perty, aestimatio census, Cic. Il. 4 
tax imposed: v. TAX, TRIBUTE. Ul. 
Legal t. t.: determination of an amount : 
aestimatio: the a. of a fine, aes. poenae, 
Cic.: the a. of damages, aes. litium, Cic. 
assessor: J. Une who assesses: 
censor (esp. of the Roman magistrates so 
called). |]. An assistant, esp. to a 
1, consessor: Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 
62. 2, assessor: they gave an a. to 
their kings, regibus suis assessorem ded- 
erunt, Cic.: Suet. Phr.: when I was 
assessor to the praetor: nobis in tribu- 
nali praetoris sedentibus, Cic. 
assessorship: assesstra: Ulp. 
assets; bona, orum: v. GOODS, PRO- 
PERTY, 
asseverate: 1, assévéro, 1: he 
a.d most positively that he would go into 
exile, tirmissime asseverabat in exsilium 
se iturum, Cic. 2, affirmo, confirmo : 
Vv. TO AFFIRM, ASSERT. 
asseveration; “1, assévératio: 
to assert with all possible a., omni a. 
affirmare, Cic. 2%, obsecratio (imply- 
ing also an appeal to the gods): Cic. 
assiduity: 1, assidiiitas: a. and 
diligence, a. et diligentia, Cic.: of atten- 
tion to persons: the daily a. of friends, 
quotidiana amicorum a. Cic.: the a. of 
a physician, medici a., Cic.: Vv. ATTEN- 
TION. 92. sédilitas: Vv. DILIGENCE. 
assiduous: 1. assidtius: [heard 
that the man had been a., audivi homi- 
nem fuisse a., Cie.: a. toil, a. labor, 
Caes. 2. sediilus: an a. farmer, s. 
agricola, Plin.: an a. nurse, 8. nutrix, 
Ov.: Vv. DILIGENT, INDUSTRIOUS, ATTEN- 
TIVE. 


assiduously: sediilo: v. pii- 
GENTLY. 
assign: |. To allot, appoint: 


1. tribiio, ti, itum, 3 (with ref. to 
what is a right or property): to a. to 
each man what belongs to him, suum 
cuique t., Cic. 2. attribiio, 3: J see 
to whom Apulia has been a.’d (as a pro- 
vince), video cui Apulia £‘t attributa, 
Cic.: v. TO ATTRIBUTE, ALLOT. 3. 
assigno, I (i.e. to mark out: q.v.): the 
duty of man has been a.’d by God, manus 
humanum assignatum a Deo est, Cic. : 
nature has a.’d the sky to birds, natura 
avibus coelum assignavit, Plin, 4. 
describo, scripsi, scriptum, 3 (ie. to 
assign in writing or formally): he a.d 
two assessors to each state, describebat 
censores binos in singulas civitates, Cic. : 
Caes,: Vv. TO ALLOT. I]. Zomale over 
Formally, transfer : 1, délégo, 1 (v. 
TO DELEGATE): tf anything is left after 
my debts are paid, I will a. it to 
Quintus, Quinto delegabo, si quid aeri 
meo alieno superabit, Cic. 2. per- 
scribo, 3 (with ref. to the mode of as- 
signation; by writing): I have a.’d the 
money to those to whom I was indebted, 
argentum perscripsi illis quibus debui, 
Ter.: Cic.: v. TO TRANSFER. ff, Zo 
allege : 1, suggéro, gessi, gestum, 3: 
Sor this incredible opinion he a.s trifliny 
reasons, huic incredibili sententiae rati- 
unculas suggerit, Cic.: Vv. TO ALLEGE. 

2, afféro, tili, latum, 3: to a. a 
probable reason, causam probabilem a., 
Cic.: Vv. TO BRING FORWARD,  fV. 
Legal t.t.: to show or set forth dis- 
tinctly ; confirmare ; testimoniis confir- 
mare atque probare; testibus prolatis 
confirmare:; v. TO PROVE. 

assignable: 


That may be 
transferred - 


L. 
Phr.: you have no @& 





, 


> 


eS 
4 


= — eee 


ASSIGNATION 


interest in the estate, *tua pars fundi 
delegari (perscribi) non potest: your 
interest is not a., delegationem res ista 
hon recipit, cf. Sen. Ep. 27, Il. That 
may be specified or stated: Phr.: have 
you any a. reason for not seeing me 
now? causam ullam afferre potes quod 
me hoc tempore non videas? (cf. Cic. 
Att. 11, 15). 

assignation: |, Anengagement: 
constitutum (i.e. an appointment of any 
kind: q. v.): to have an a. with any 
ome, c.cum aliquo habere, Cic. Phr.: 
where Numa used to have a.s with his 
mistress, ubi Numa constituebat amicae, 
Juy.: they make an a. to meet at the 
tomb of Ninus, statuunt ut conveniant 
ad busta Nini, Ov. Il. i. q. assign- 
ment: q. v. 

assignee: v.70 ASSIGN: an official 
a. in bankruptcy, *is cui res alicujus 
qui bonis cessit, ¢x lege committitur, 

assigner : délégator: Cassiod. : qui 
delegat s. perscribit; v. To AssIGN (I1.). 

assignment: I. An allotting : 
assignatio: an a. of lands, agrorum a., 
Cic.: Vv. ALLOTMENT. Il. A transfer 
of interest or property; esp. of debt: 

1, attribitio: to settle about an a., 

de a. conficere, Cic. 2, délégatio (ap- 
parently resembling ‘a bill” with us) : 
ana. from a purchaser (te. some kind 
of draft or assignment of a debt in lien 
of ready money), d. a mancipe, Cic. Att. 
16, 3 (cf. Sen. Ben. 6, 5, 2). 3. per- 
Scriptio (i. q.delegatio: v. To ASSIGN) : 
Cic. 4. transcriptio: Gai. 

assimilate: |, To make like: as- 
simulo, 1: simflem facére: v. LIKE. 

Il. Zo convert into blood: approprio, 

1: to a. food, cibum a., Coel.Aur.: v. 


TO DIGEST. 
assimilation: — |, A making like: 
assimilatio: v. LiKE. Il. The con- 


version of food into blood : apprdpriatio : 
a. of food, a. ciborum, Coel. Aur.: vy. 
DIGESTION, 
assist: 1, jiivo, juvi, jitum (part. 
juvaturus), 1: with acc. (this verb and 
its comp. adjfivo are the most general 
terms for rendering all kinds of assist- 
ance): to a. any one by all honourable 
means you can, j. aliquem quibuscunque 
rebus honeste possis, Cic. : to a. any one 
by counsel, consolation, aliquem consilio, 
consolando j., Ter.: vy. TO HELP. 5: 
adjilvo (with ace.: v. supr.): to a. any 
one in any matter, aliquem a. in aliqua 
re, Ter.: to a. any one in marrying his 
daughters, a. aliquem in collocatione 
filiarum, Cic. 3. auxilior, 1: with 
dat. (implies a want of help on the part 
of the person assisted = auxilium Fero). 
4, dpitiior, 1: with dat. (equiv. to 
auxilior): Pl.: ¢oa. the guilty, sontibus 
0., Cic. 5, subvénio, véni, ventum, 4 
(prop. to come to the help of : with dat.) : 
Lucanius came to a. his son, Lucanius 
filio subvenit, Caes.: you came to a. a 
man already ruined, subvenisti homini 
Jam perdito, Cic. (In some cases to assist 
may be expr. by adsum or aspiro ; esp. 
of the deities, whose presence or breath 
implies their favour: e. g. fortune a.s 
our toil, aspirat fortuna labori, Virg.: a. 
me, O goddess! ades dea! Ov.).—Norr. 
Opem or auxilium ferre, opitulari, and 
auailiari are to bring help to a person 
in difficulty or danger, and are opposed 
to deserere, destituere, etc. Juvare and 
adjuvare are to helpa person striving 
to do something, and are opposed to im- 
pedire. Alsoadjuvare signifies the as- 
Sistance given by an equal to an equal: 
opitulari the assistance given by the 
strong to the weak. 
assistance: 1. pis, dpem, dpe, 
J. (the nom. sing. does not occur) : you 
bring a. and safety to the needy, opem 
indigentibus salutemque fertis, Cic.: 
without your a., sine tua ope, Cic. D 
auxilium: ¢o be of a. to any one, alicui 
auxilio esse, Ter.: they came to the a. of 
the Nervii, auxilio Nerviis venerunt, 
Caes.: the gous will bring us a., Di nobis 
auxilium ferent, Cic.: to beg for any 
one’s a., a. ab aliquo petere, Cic. Cy 
adjimentum (prop. means of assisting) : 


ASSUMING 


in Ah ES CE; 
association: |. The act or state 


ASSOCIATE 





to be of great a. to any one towards 








gaining the victory, esse alicui magno a. 
ad victoriam, Cic.: Quint. Phr.: they 
were unable, without a., to persuade the 
Sequani, Sequanis sua sponte persuadere 
hon poterant, Caes.: v. HELP, AID, 
surport.—Nore. Opis and adjument- 
um, assistance or aid in general : auzxili- 
um (from augeo), assistance, giving an 
addition of strength. Join: opem 

auxiliumque ferre, Cie. 
assistant (swbs.): 1, adjitor: in 
this war Tam compelled to be a sharer,a 
partner, and an a., hujus belli ego par- 
ticeps et socius et a. esse cogor, Cic.: the 
partner and a. of my plans, socius atque 
a. consiliorum meorum, Cic.: Caes.: an 
a. teacher, rhetorum a., Quint. : Sem. : 
adjiitrix, icis (a female a.): Ter.: Cic. 
2, administer, tri: the a.s and at- 


tendants of Naevius, administri et satel- | 


lites Naevii, Cic.: Sall. 3, advica- 
tus (a gal a., or a.-counsel): Cic.: v. 
ADVOCATE, 4, minister, tri; and 


Jem. ministra: to be an a. in mischief, | 


m. esse in maleficio, Cic.: Virg.: the arts, 
the attendants and a.s of the orator, 
artes, comites et ministrae oratoris, Cic. 
§, auxiliator: Quint.: Tac.: vy. 
HELPER.—Nore. The words minister 
and administer denote a position of in- 
feriority ; which adjutor and auxiliator 
do not: v. SERVANT, ABETTOR. 
assistant (adj.): V. ASSISTANT 
(subs.), AUXILIARY. 
‘assister: adjutor: v. Assisranr. 
assize: |. A court of justice held 
in the provinces : 1, conventus, ts: 
Caesar departed into Italy to hold the a.s, 
Caesar in Italiam ad conventus agendos 
profectus est, Caes.: the a.s having been 
concluded, conventibus peractis, Caes. : 
towns in which the judges are accus- 
tomed to hold the a.s, oppida in quibus 
praetores conventum agere solent, Cic. 
Phr.: a judge of a., *qui conventibus 
jus dicit. 2. forum (rare): Appius is 
holding an a., Appius forum agit, Cic.; 
V. alSO TRIAL, JUSTICE, COURT OF. Il. 
The price of any commodity as fixed by 
public authority : *pretium a Magistrat- 
ibus constitutum, 
assize-town: 


1, jiridicus con- 
ventus: Plin, 


2. jurisdictio: Plin. 
associate (v.) A, Trans.: |. To 
make a companion, ete. : 1, sdcio, 1: 
to a. oneself with another, se alicui s., 
Virg.: Tib. 2. consdcio, 1: never 
have you been so firmly ad with the 
senate, nunquam tam vehementer cum 
Senatu consociati fuistis, Cic.: Ariara- 
thes had ad himself with all their plans, 
Ariarathes in omnia se cousociaverat 
consilia, Liv. 8. adscisco, scivi, 
scitum, 3: they a. the Boti with them- 
selves as allies, Boios socios sibi adscis- 
cunt, Caes.: Cic.: v. TO UNITE, JOIN. 
Il. Zo combine; q. v. B. In- 
trans.: 1, Utor, tisus, 3: with these 
Fabricti he always a.d on very intimate 
terms, his Fabriciis semper est usus 
familiarissime, Cic.: if he knew how to 
a. with kings, si sciret regibus uti, Hor. 
2. conversor, 1 (with prep. or 
dat.): an ass having ad with horses, 


asinus conversatus equis, Col.: toa. with | 


3. con- | 


any one, c. cum aliquo, Sen. 
grégo, 1 (in pass.): te. absol. to a. 
together (in flocks or companies); swarms 
of bees a. together because they are of a 
nature to a., examina apum congregan- 
tur quum congregabilia natura sint, 
Cic.: men having ad, homines con- 
gregati, Cic. 

associate (adj.): |. Confederate, 
allied; q. v.: sdclus. I]. Joined in 
office : coll@ga (subs.): an a. judge, c. in 
praetura, Cic.: an a. magistrate, c. in 
Magistratu: v. also ASSESSOR. 

associate (subs.): |. Acompanion, 
partner: 1, socius: to seek ana. for 
a bad purpose, s. ad malam rem quaer- 
ere, Pl.: to be ana. in business, s. esse 
in negotiis, Ter.: an a. and companion 
in all things, rerum omnium s. comes- 
que, Cic. 2. consors: v. COMPANION, 
COMRADE, PARTNER. Il. A fellow, 
member (of a society); q. v.: sdcius. 


of associating, union : 1, sdciétas (of 
the state): we are born for a. and inter 
course with mankind, nati sumus ad s. 
communitatemque generis humani, Cic. 
2, comminitas (very sim. in force 
to societas, with which and similar words 
Cic. joins it: v. last ex.) : thea. and union 
of men, c. et conjunctio humana, Cic, Ly 
consdciatio (prop. of the act of asso- 
ciating together); thea. of men, c. homi- 
num, Cic. 4, congrégatio (v. To 
ASSOCIATE, II. 3): we are bo: n Jor union 
and a. with men, ad conjunctionem 
c.que hominum nati sumus, Cic. 5. 
conjunctio: Vv, UNION. 6, consortlo (an 
a. for a special purpose): every human 
a. will be dissolved, omnis c. humana 
dissolvetur, Cic. Il. A company, soci- 
ety; q. V.: séciétas. Il. Connection : 
sociétas: the a. of seriousness with 
politeness, s. gravitatis cum humanitate, 
| Cic. Phr.: thea. of ideas, *(ea) ima- 
ginum s. cogitationum in mente inter se 
conjunctio qua altera alteri subjicitur: 
V. CONNECTION, 
assonance: Vv. HARMONY, RHYME. 
assonant: Phr.: a. syllables, *syl- 
labae quae similiter desinunt: y. TO 
RHYME. 
assort: A. Trans.: digéro: y. 
TO ARRANGE, CLASSIFY. iB in 
trans.: congriio: Vv. TO AGREE, SUIT, 
assortment: if Arrangement, 
classification ; q. v.: digestio : dispdsitio. 
Il. A classified or selected collec- 
tion: perh. only in the phr. of trade, an 
a. of goods, jewellery, etc.; where it will 
generally suffice to use merces; gemmae 
venales, etc.: @ large a. of jeuellery, 
*gemmae plurimae et cujusvis generis. 
assuage: lévo: allévo: placo: mul- 
ceo: Vv. TO ALLEVIATE, APPEASE. 
assuagement: rémissio: lévatio: 
allévatio: vy, ABATEMENT, ALLEVIATION, 
assuager: qui lenit, &c.- v. verb, 
assume: |, To take upon or Jor 
oneself : 1, suscipio, cépi, ceprum;) ; : 
toa. a father’s authority and severity, 
sibi auctoritatem patriam severitatem- 
que s., Cic. 2, indiio, iti, itum, 3: he 
lays aside the character of a friend when 
he as that of a juryman, ponit personam 
amici cum induit judicis, Cic, 2 
sumo, sumpsi, sumptum, 3: lo a. the 
manly dress, virilem togam s., Cic.: to 
a. the title of king, regium pomen s., 
Nep.: to a. the crown, diadema s., Suet. 
Phr.: toa. a form, faciem capere, Ov. : 
to a. stiffness, rigorem percipere, Ov.: 
to a. a colour, colorem percipere, Plin.. 
to a. &@ name (in accordance with the 
directions of a will), nomen adire, Vell. 
Il. Zo take improperly: 1. ar- 
Togo, 1: what they a. from others’ merit, 
that they do not yield to me from my 
own, quod ex aliena virtute sibi arrogant, 
id mihi ex mea non concedunt, Sall.: 
Cie. 2, sumo, 3 (with dat. of pron. 
reflect.): the soldiers a. the functions of 
the general, milites sibi imperatorlas 
partes sumunt, Caes.: I do not a. nor 
arrogate somuch, mihi non sumo tantum 
neque arrogo, Cic. 3. assimo, 3: 7 
a. nothing, nihil mihi a., Cic.: v. To 
ARROGATE. Ill. 70 take for granted . 
(in argument): 1, pono, pdsiti, podsi- 
tum, 3: but a. that he is conquered, 
verum pone esse victum eum, ‘Ter.: 
let it then be a.d to begin with, positum 
sit igitur in primis, Cie. 2. sumo, 3: 
you must a. one alternative or the other, 
| alterutrum sumas necesse est, Lucr. : 
you have a.d that the gods are happy, 
beatos esse deos sumpsisti, Cic.: v. To 
SUPPOSE. IV. To take an appearance 
only : may be expr. by any of the verbs 
under (1), if the context makes the sense 
clear: as, to a. the character of a good 
man, personam viri boni suscipere, Cic.. 
to a. the air and tone of sorrow, habi- 
tum ac voces dolentum induere, Tac. A. 








4,12. Phr.: Solon ad thecharacter of 
a madman, Solon furere se simulavit, 
Cic. : V. TO FEIGN, COUNTERFEIT. 
assumer: qui sumit,etc.: v. verb. 
assuming (adj): arrégans, antis: 
that he might not seem a. in anticipating 
53 


ASSUMPTION 


ASTRINGENY 





the favour of the people, ne a. in prae- 
ripiendo populi beneficio videretur, 
Caes.: Cic.: Vv. ARROGANT, HAUGHTY. 
assumption: _ |. 4 taking to one- 
self: assumptio: im the arts there is 
something worthy of a., est in artibus 
aliquid dignum assumptione, Cic. (But 
more usu. expr. by part. of verb: as, 


by the a. of the title of king, sumpto | 


nomine regio ; after his a. of the manly 
gown, quum togam virilem sumpsisset : 
Vv. TO ASSUME, I). I]. An unjust taking 
to oneself : arrégantia: although all a. is 
hateful, yet that of wit and eloquence is 
by far the most annoying, quum omnis 
a. odiosa est, tum illa ingenii atque elo- 
quentiae multo molestissima, Cic.: Vv. 
ARROGANCE, PRETENSION. Wh 4 
taking for granted: v. TO ASSUME, and 
SUPPOSITION. IV. A proposition as- 
sumed: sumptio (not assumptio): let 
us grant your two a.s, demus tibi istas 
duas sumptiones, Cic. V. With vefer- 
ence to the Virgin Mary: *assumptio 
B.V. Mariae: Eccl. 
assurance: |. The act of as- 
suring, esp. by positive statements: 
confirmatio: the a. of the deserter, per- 
fugae c., Caes. Phr.: I remember 
that [heard you give as respecting my 
return, memini me audire te de reditu 
meo confirmare, Cic.: Vv. ASSERTION, 
AFFIRMATION, ||. Confidence: fi- 
ducia: to afford firm a. of safety. 
certam f, salutis praebere, Liv.: I now 
have hope of you, but not yet a., jam de 
te spem habeo, nondum f., Sen.: v. 
CONFID cNuk. II]. Intrepidity (q.v.): 
cont isio (rare): firm a. of mind, c. firma 
animi, Cic. IV. Effrontery; q. v.: 
impidentia. Y. Mercant. t. t.: Phr.: 
I have effected an a. on my life fora 
large sum, perh. *mihi magna pecunia de 
vita mea cautum est: v. INSURANCE. 
assure: |. To give confidence by 
a declaration, promise, etc. 1. con- 
firmo, 1: he had not only a.d but con- 
vinced me of this, hoc mihi non modo 
confirmarat, sed etiam persuaserat, Cic. 
2. promitto, misi, missum, 3: J a. 
you that he will not leave a single tile in 
{taly, promitto tibi tegulam illum in 
Italia nullam relicturum, Cic.: v. also 
ASSURED, TO BE. |l. Zo confirm, 
secure; q. V. Ill. To encourage, 
strengthen; q. v.: hortor: adhortor. 
|V- Mercant. t.t. : v. ASSURANCE (VY). 
assured, to be or feel; confido, 
fisus, 3: I feel a. that he will not 
abandon his duty, confido illum fore in 
officio, Cic. Phr.: be a. that you your- 
self are not mortal, but this body only, 
sic habeto, non esse te mortalem sed 
corpus hoe, Cic.: I feel a. that he will 
not reject my favour, mihi persuadetur 
eum gratiam meam non repudiaturum, 
Caes.: I would wish you to be a. that 
Iwill not fail to promote your designs 
on every occasion, velim tibi ita per- 
suadeas, me tuis consiliis nullo loco de- 
futurum, Cic.: I feel a. that he has done 
nothing, mihi exploratum est, nihil eum 
fecisse, Cic.: be a. of this, that I will do 
everything that I may think is for your 
interest, illud cave dubites quin ego 
. omnia faciam quae interesse tua exis- 
timem, Cic. 
assured (adj.): exploratus: an a. 
victory, e. victoria, Caes.: v. CERTAIN, 
CONFIDENT. 
assuredly: profecto: v. CERTAINLY, 
UNDOUBTEDLY. 
assurer; confirmator: Cic.; v. IN- 
SURER. 
asterisk: astériscus: Isid. 
astern: Pbhr.: the pilot sitting a. 
holds the tiller, gubernator sedens in 
puppi clavum tenet, Cic.: the wind 
rising a., ventus surgens a puppi, Virg. : 
he looks back at Cloanthus close a., Clo- 
anthum respicit instantem tergo, Virg. 
asteroids: *minores stellae errantes 


quaedam. 
asthma: 1. difficultas spirandi, 
Cels. 4, 4, 2. Q. dyspnoea (dvo7vora, 


for which the difficultas spirandi of Cels. 

is the Latin equivalent): the greater 

centaury cures a., dyspnoese medetur 
54 








centaurium majus, Plin. %. anhéla- 
tio: Plin.: also anhélitus,tis: Plin. 4. 
suspiriuni: Sen.: Col. 5. asthma, 
atis, n.: M.L. (Celsus (4, 4, 2] uses the 
Greek form). 
asthmatic: 1. asthmaticus: Plin.: 
M. L. 9, suspiridsus: Plin. 3. 
dyspnoicus: ammoniacum is good for 
those who are a., ammoniacum prodest 
dyspnoicis, Plin. Ph r.: to be a., suspirio 
laborare, Col. (used with ref. to cattle). 
astonish: obstipéfacio, féci, factum, 
3: hea.’d the enemy by the mere wonder 
of his boldness, ipso miraculo audaciae 
obstupefecit hostes, Liv.: Cic.: v. T0 BE 
ASTONISHED, TO AMAZE, ASTOUND. 
astonished, to be: _ 1, admiror, 
I (with acc. or dep. clause): to be a. at 
nothing, nil admirari, Hor.: v. To 
WONDER AT. 2. stiipeo, ui, 2 (stronger 
than the preceding, and denoting mute 
astonishment): Vv. ASTOUNDED, TO BE. 
3, astiipeo, 2 (with dat.: rare): he 
is a. at himself, astupet ipse sibi, Ov. 
4, obsttipesco, pul, 3: they are a. 
at these favours, his beneficiis illi obstu- 
pescunt, Cic.: TO BE AGHAST, ASTOUNDED, 
TO WONDER. 
astonishing (@4@.): 1, mirus: v. 
WONDERFUL. 2. admirabilis, e: a 
strange and a. occurrence, res nova et a., 
Cic.: a. wisdom, a. sapientia, Cic. 3. 
immanis, e (i.e. astunishingly vast. or 
dreadful): images of a. size, simulacra 
i. magnitudine, Caes.: v. MONSTROUS, 
WONDERFUL. 
astonishingly: admirabiliter: Asia 
has received me a. well, nos Asia accepit 
a., Cic.; V, WONDERFULLY. 
astonishment: 1. admiratio: 
this excites my very great a., hoc mihi 
Maximam a. movet, Cic.: this exordium 
of mine is likely to occasion some 4., 
haec ingressio mea admirationis aliquid 
habitura est, Cic.: Vv. WONDER. 
stiipor (implying speechless a.): Vv. 
AMAZEMENT, Phr.: to feel a.: V. TO BE 
ASTONISHED: to be seized with a., obstu- 
pesco: Vv. AGHAST, ASTOUNDED, TO BE: 
to be fixed in mute a., defigi torpidum 
stupore ac miraculo, Liv.: the sight held 
them for a moment motionless with G., 
res objecta immobiles parumper eos 
defixit, Liv. 
astound: 1. stiipéfacio, féci, fac- 
tum, 3: they gaze upon the speaker a.’d, 
stupefacti dicentem intuentur, Cic. : 
Ov. 2. obstiipéficio, 3: the enemy 
werc a.’d (at the novel sight), hostes ob- 
stupetacti (sunt), Tac.: v. TO ASTONISH. 
8. défigo, fixi, fixum, 3: chiefly in 
certain phr.: V. ASTONISHMENT (/i7.). 
astounded, tobe: 1. stipéo, 2 
(with various constr.: v. examples): he 
ts a. and remains fixed in one long 
gaze, stupet obtutuque haeret defixus in 
uno, Virg.: to be a. by novelty, novitate 
s., Quint.: the mother vas a. at the words 
she heard, mater stupuit ad auditas 
voces, Ov. 2. obstupesco, obsttipui, 
3 (denoting the vise of the feeling in the 
mind, while stupeo indicates its con- 
tinuance): I was a.; my hair stood on 
end, obstupui; steteruntque comae, 
Virg.: Cic.: Vv. TO BE ASTONISHED, 
astragal: |. An architectural or- 
nament: astragalus: Vitr. Il. The 
upper bone of the feot: astragalus: Plin. 
astray: Phr.: togoa.: 1. erro, 
I: she went a. from the road, via erravit, 
Virg. : the mind often goes a., errat saepe 
animus, Lucr.: v. TO WANDER, ERR. 
Q. palor, 1 (fig.): as they go a. they 
search for the path of life, viam palantes 
quaerere vitae, Lucr.: v. TO ROAM. 
Phr.: tolead the unskilful a., imperitos 
in errorem inducere, Cic.: success began 
tolead them a., coepit transversos agere 
felicitas, Sen. : v. TO SEDUCE. 
astride: Phr.: seated a. on its 
(the crocodile’s) back, dorso equitantium 
modo impositus, Plin, 8, 25, 38. 
astringency: astrictio: a plant of 
bitter taste with a., herba gustus amari 
cum a., Plin.: v. ASTRINGENT. 
astringent (adj.): astrictorius: the 
leaves have an a, force, folia a vim 
habent, Plin. 











AT 





astringent (subs.) : astringens, entis, 
n.: M.L. Phr.: this plant acts as am 
a. when taken internally, ea herba gustu 
astringit, Plin.: v. also ASTRINGENT. 

astrolabe: *astrélabium: M. L. 

astrologer: 1. astrolégus: pre- 
dictions of a.s, astrologorum praedicta, 
Cic.: Suet. 9. mathématicus: Tac.: 
Juv.: Suet. 3. Chaldaeus (esp. in 
pl.): predictions of a.s, Chaldaeorum 


praedicta, Cic.: Lucr. 4. géneth- 
liacus: Gell. 
astrological: Chaldiicus: versed 


in a. calculations, c. rationibus eruditus, 
Cic. (Or expr. by gen. of astrologus, 
etc.: as, a. conjectures, astrologerum s. 
Chaldaeorum divinationes, etc.): v. As- 
TROLOGER. 
astrology: 1. astrélogia: aterm 
comprising both the modern astronomy 
and astrology: Cic. Div. 2, 42, 88: 
similarly we find elsewhere the term 
astrorum cognitio used with especial 
Teference to astrology, ib. I, 41, 9k. 
In the previous passage astrology is 
explained as “praedictio et notatio cu- 
jusque vitae ex natali die :” in another 
passage Cic. uses the term astrologia di- 
vinans by way of distinction from astro- 
homy properly so called: Hier. (Morhof 
uses the phrase astrologia divinatrix.) 
2, mathémiatica: Suet. 3. Chal- 
daicum praedicendi genus: Cic. lL. c. 
4. sideralis scientia: Plin. 7, 50. 
5. disciplina Chaldaeorum: Gell. 
14, 1) (q: ve): 0 . 
astronomer: 1. astrolégus (in- 
cluding the art of the astrologist: cf. 
ASTROLOGY, 1): the most eminent as of 
that age, summi astrologi illius aetatis, 
Cic. Q. astrOndmus: Firmic. 
astronomical: _ 1. expr. by gen.of 
astrum, etc.: as, a. knowledge, astrorum 
cognitio, Cic.: or freq. by phr.: as a. 
phenomena, res superae atque coeleste” 
Cic. 2. astréndmicus: Manil. 
sidéralis, e (also with ref. to astrology ; 
q.v.): an a. difficulty, s. difficultas, 
Plin. 18, 25, 56. 
astronomy: 1. 
astrology, 1): Cic. 
Sen. 
astute: callidus: v. SHREWD. 
asunder: esp. in conjunction with 
verbs, as to burst a., dis-silio, etc.: v. 
APART; and the several verbs. 
asylum: 1. asylum: Cic.: Virg. 
9. perfigium: to be a harbour and 
a., portum ac p. esse, Cic.: Caes.: v. 
REFUGE, RETREAT. 
asymptote: *linéa asymptotos. 
asyndeton: isyndéton: Diom. 
at: |. Of place (for proper names, 
Varn)ic 1, ad (with acc.): to be at 
market, ad forum esse, Pl.: at the end, 
ad extremum, Liv.: the alarm at (be- 
fore) Veii assumed various forms, ad 
Veios terror multiplex erat, Liv.: the 
battle at the Trebia, pugnaad Trebiam, 
Liv. Q. apiid (ve. strictly near; q. v.: 
with acc.): westayed one day at Alyzia, 
nos a, Alyziam unum diem commorati 
sumus, Cic.: he is at your house, a. te 
est, Cic. 3. ib (= on the side of, by: 
with abl.): thecamp was not fortified 
at the main entrance, castra ab decu- 
mana porta munita non erant, Caes.: of 
a letter, (written) at Appit Forum, ab 
Appii Foro, Cic. (= dispatched from). 
4. in(with ab/.: usu. with names of 
towns, and in the best writers only with 
those of such places as had harbours) : 
there is a ship in readiness for us at 
Caieta, navis in Caieta est parata nobis, 
Cic.: he had ships made at Hispalis, naves 
in Hispali faciendas curavit, Caes.: also 
to designate the house at which anything 
is done: famat my Formian villa, in 
Formiano sum, Cic.: J shall see you at 
my villa ut Arpinum, te in Arpinati 
videbimus, Cic. §. the locative of pro- 
per names and of domus (domi): (N.B. 
The rule as usu., and for practical pur- 
poses correctly, stated, is, that sing. 
nouns of the first and second decl. are 
put in the genitive. all others in the 
ablative, v.L.G. § 257): the phi 
who were at Athens, philosophi qui 


astrélégia (v. 
2. astrénomia: 


ATHEISM 





Athenis fuerunt, Cic.: this lenity is 
popular at Rome, haec lenitas grata 
Romae est, Cic.: to sit at home, domi 
sedere, Cic.: J said the same at my oun 
house, haec eadem locutus sum domi 
meae, Cic.—Nore. Such expr. as ad, 
apud, Cannas, in the neighbourhood of 
Cannae, must be carefully distinguished 
from the simple locative Cannis, at 
Cannae. Similarly, ad urbem esse is the 
technical phr. to denote waiting at the 
gates of the city (for a triumph). Con- 
cerning the constr. of a subs. like urbs, 
oppidum, etc. along with a proper name, 
y. L.G. § 257, Obs., § 259, Obs. I. oF 
time: 1. By the abl. (the most usu. and 
exact mode of expression): at daybreak 
he sent the cavalry in advance, prima 
luce equitatum praemisit, Caes.: at the 
same time, eodem tempore, Caes.: there 
are flowers at every period of the year, 
sunt flores omni tempore anni, Cic. 
9. ad (esp. of that which arrives at 
the time): at the appointed hour, ad 
horam destinatam, Cic.: at the time, ad 
tempus, Cic.: at last, ad postremum, 
Pl. ; adextremum, Caes.: at present, ad 
praesens, Tac. ib (strictly all 
along from): at the beginning of this 
defence, ab initio hujus defensionis, Cic. 
cum (with abl.: denoting a 
point of time with which some action 
coincides): he is said to have come home 
at daybreak, cum prima Ince domum 
venisse dicitur, Cic.: Crassus went out 
at the same time as the messenger, exiit 
cum nuntio Crassus, Caes. 5. in (only 
in certain phr.): at the right time, in 
tempore, Ter.: at present, in praesentia, 
Caes.: Cic. ; in praesenti, Cic. Wh. OF 
cost or price: when this is denoted by a 
subst., or by asubst. and adjective, these 
words are in the abl.: to farm the taxes 
at a small price, vectigilia parvo pretio 
redimere, Caes, : but when, as is usu. the 
case, the subst. is omitted, the adj. may 
often be in either the abl. or the genitive : 
vili, however, is always in the a@)l., and 
the following words always in the gen.: 
majoris (very rare), maximi, minoris, 
pluris, tanti, quanti (v. L.G. § 281). 
IV. When “at” is used after an 
intransitive verb as its complement, by 
which it is made transitive, it is not ex- 
pressed: e. g. toaim at any one, aliquem 
petere, Virg.: I laugh at your jokes, wa 
joca rideo, Cic.: V. TO AIM, LAUGH, etc. 
For at all, at once, etc., V. ALL, ONCE, 
ete. 
atheism: opinio eorum qui naturam 
deorum tollunt; 07, qui deos esse ne- 
gant: v. Cic. N. D. 1, 22, seqq. 
atheist: ithéos: Diagoras has been 
called an atheist, Diagoras atheos (al. 
aQeos) dictus est, Cic.; Arnob. Phr.: 
Epicurus is really an a., but in words 
admits the existence of gods, re tollit, 
oratione relinquit deos Kpicurns, Cic. 
Poet.; parcus deorum cultor, Hor. 
atheistic: Phr.: his opinions are 
a., negat deos esse, Cic.: v. ATHEISM. 
atheistically: Phr.: he is a. in- 
clined, *propensus est ad opinionem 
eorum qui deos esse negant. 
athirst;: sitiens: v. THmsTY. 
athlete: athléta, ae, m.: a contest of 
a.s, certamen athletarum, Liv.: Cic. 
athletic: |. Strictly appertain- 
ing toan athlete: athléticus: the a. art, 
a. ars, Gell.: Cels. I. ig. vigorous, 
strong (q. v.): laicertdsus (lit. having 
sinewy muscular arms): fighting, a. 
centurions, centuriones pugnaces et 1., 
Cic.: a. hushandmen, 1. coloni, Ov.: v. 
ROBUST, STRONG. 
athwart: trans: v. across. 
atlas; *liber s. volumen tabularum 
geographicarum. (The term Atlas is 
used by modern geographers: an a. of 
ancient geography, *atlas antiquus. 
atmosphere; 1. aér, atris, m.: 
-Cic.: Ov. coelum (‘hoc coelum 
appellavere majores quod alio nomine 
aéra,” Plin.): @ dense, thick a., pingue 
et concretum c., Cic.: a thin a., tenue c., 
Cic. 8. inane, is, m. (i.e. the void, 
poet.): 10 fly through the vast a., mag- 
pum per i. volare, Virg.: Ov.: v. AIR. 








ATTA CH 


ATTACK 





atmospheric: expr. by gen.of aér, 
coelum: as, a. changes, acris vices or 
cveli mutationes. 

atom: |. An ultimate particle: 

1, atémus, i, 7.: Cic. 9. corpus 

individuum, Cic.: Vitr. 8, corpus 
insécabile: Vitr. : Quint. 4, (In pl. 
of the Epicurean atoms): semina rerum, 
primordia: Lucr. 1, 502; also figurae, 
ib. 3, 191, ete, Wl. A very small 
quantity: mica, particiila: v. GRAIN, 
MORSEL. Phr.: notana., ne tantulum 
(tantillum) quidem, Cic. 

atomic: ‘tomicus,M.L. Phr.: the 
a. theory. *doctrina atomorum: tle a. 
philosophers, i.e. the Epicureans, minuti 
philosophi, Cic. 

atone: 1. pio, 1: to a. for a 
crime, nefas p., Virg.: to a. for losses, 
damna p., Ov. 2, lito, lii, 3: to a.for 
an offence, noxam 1., Liv.: Cic. 3. 
abluo, lui, 3: to a. for perjuries, per- 
juria ab., Ov.: v. TO EXPIATE, MAKE 
AMENDS. (N.B. In old Eng. to atone = 
to agree, reconcile ; q. v.) 

atonement: 1, piaciilum: Cie. : 
Hor. 2, piamen: Ov.: v. EXPIATION. 

3. (In theological sense) réconcili- 

atio: Vulg. 

atonement for, make: 7.¢. for- 
mally - 1, expio, 1: more fully, pro- 
curare atque expiare aliquid, Cic. Div. 2, 
63: Vv. TO ATONE FOR, EXPIATE. py 


lustro, I (i.e. to purify by sacrifice): to | 


make a. jor the people, populum 1., Cie. . 

Liv. 3. purgo, 1: to make a. for 

a crime, nefas purgare, Ov ; to make a. 

Sor the people, populos p., Ov.: Lucan, 
atony: *Atonia: M. L. 
jatrabilious : mélanchdélicus . Cic.: 
in. 


atrocious: 1, néfarius, néfandns: 
V. ABOMINABLE. 9. immanis, e (i.e. 


monstrous, enormous): the a. and bar- 
barous custom of sacrificing human 
beings, i. ac barbara consuetudo homi- 
num immolandorum, Cic. 8, dirus: 
an a. crime, dirum nefas, Virg.. v. 
DREADFUL. 4, atrox, Odcis: a thing 
so wicked, so a., ts tiwredible, res tam 
scelesta, tam a, credi non potest, Cic.: 
V. SHOCKING. 

atrociously: 1, néfarie: a father 
a. slain, n. occisus pater, Cic.: to act a., 


n. facere, Cic.: v. ABOMINABLY. DA. 
foedé: Vv, FOULLY. 
atrociousness:? atrocitas: the a. 


atrocity : of a deed, facti a., 
Cic.: the a. of a crime, sceleris a., Sall. 
Phr.: an atrocity, dirum nefas, Virg. ; 
atrox facinus, Liv. 

atrophy: 1, tabes, is, f.: Cels. 

Q, itréphia. Coel. Aur.: M.L. 
attach: |. Zo cause to adhere, 
to fasten: 1, applico, avior ui, atum 
or itum, t: the tendons a.’d to the bones, 
nervi applicati ossibus, Plin. : vines a’.d 
to trees, vites arboribus applicitae, Quint. 
2, annecto: v. TO FASTEN TO. i 
agglitino, 1: thelinen cloth must be a.’d 
to the forehead, linteolum fronti aggluti- 
nare oportet, Cels.; v. TO FASTEN. Il. 
To connect (Fig.): 1, adjungo, junxi, 
junctum, 3: to a. suspicion to poverty, 
suspicionem ad egestatem a., Cic.: to a. 
credit to what is seen, visis fidem a., Cic. 
2, subjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: Fpi- 
curus says that they do not understand 
what meaning is to be a.’d to the word 
honour, Epicurus ait eos non intelligere 
sub hac voce honestatis quae sit sub- 
jicienda sententia, Cic.: Quint. Phr.: 
Ia. great importance to seeing you, illud 
mea magni interesse arbitror, te ut 
videam, Cic. Il. Zo bind by affection 
or interest (V. TO GAIN, WIN OVER): 
1, adjungo, 3: he whom you a. by 
kindness, acts from the heart, ille quem 
beneficio adjungas, ex animo facit, ‘Ter. : 
to a. any one to oneself, sibi aliquem a., 
Cic. 2, applico, 1: Sicily a.’d itself to 
the friendship of the Roman people, 
Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi R. appli- 
cavit, Cic. 8, dévincio, vinxi, vine- 
tum, 4 (stronger than the preceding): to 
a. any one to you for ever, aliquem in 
perpetuum tibi d., Cic.: blood-relation- 


ship a.s people to each other with good- | 








will and affection, sanguinis conjunctio 
benevolentia d. homines et caritate, Cic. : 
Nep. 4, haeréo, haesi, haesum, 2 
(intr. to attach oneself): Antor had ad 
himself to Evander, Antor haeserat Evan- 
dro, Virg.: Plin.: v. To rsp. {[Y, To 
arrest, seize; q. V.: comprehendo 

attached («/j.): |, Fastened : 
aptus: a@ sword a. by a horse-hair, 
gladius seta equinaa., Cic. Il. Bound 
by affection: ], stiidfdsus (with 
gen.): I have some people a. to me, mei 
habeo studiosos, Cic.: he is more a. to 
the other party, studiosior est alterius 
partis, Sall. 2, dévinctus (greatly 
a.): he was greatly a. to his wife, uxori 
devinctus erat, l’ac.: Hor.: v. DEVOTED. 

attachment: — |, Connexion, con- 
tact; q. Vv. Il. Close ajfecti, devo- 
tion: stidium: the very great a. of 
Divitiacus to the Roman people, Divitiaci 
summum in populum Romanum s., 
Caes.: a. to the Ca: thayinians,s. Poeno- 
rum, Cic.: amor: caritas V. AFFEC- 
TION, DEVOTION, LOVE. Ill. Arrest, 
seizure ; q. V.: compréhensio. 

attack (v.): |. 70 act against with 
physical force : 1, adodrior, ortus, 4 
(usu. of an unexpected attack): he a.’d 
Milo from behind, a tergo Milonem 
adortus est, Cic.: to a. a city, urbem a., 
Liv. 2. aggrédior, gressus, 3 (the 
most general word). who would dare to 
a. a man well attended? quis audeat 
bene comitatum a.? Cic.: the horse- 
soldiers a. the enemy, equites bostes a., 
Caes. 3, impugno, 1 (of an attack of 
troops): to a. the enemies’ rear, terga 
hostium i., Liv.: to a. with spirit, 
acriter i., Caes. 4, oppugno, 1 (esp. of 
regularly attacking cities): changing 
one’s plans from a.ing a city to block- 
ading tt, consiliis ab oppugnanda urbe 
ad obsidendam versis, Liv.: Caes.: v. 
TO LAY SIEGE TO, ASSAULT. 5, in- 
vado, vasi, vasum, 3 (V. TO FALL ON, 
UPON): to a. any one with a sword, 
cum ferro in aliquem i., Cic.: to a. a 
camp, castra i., Livy. 6, péto, ivi, 
or li, Itum, 3 (with bello or armis, esp. 
poet.): to a. a city, bello urbem p., 
Virg.: Vv. TO AI AT. 7, répéto, 3 
(to a. again or repeatedly: with some 
explanatory word: cf. preceding): to a. 
Nola again with arms, Nolam armisr., 
Liv.: V. TO STRIKE AGAIN. 8, tento, 1 
(i.e. to make an attempt upon): to a. 
Achaia, Achaiam t., Caes. 9, incesso, 
cessivi or cessi, 3 (esp. of repeated, har- 
assing attacks): they a.’d the stragglers 
with stones, vagos lapidibus incessebant, 
Liv. — Obs. Of course any of the above 
may be used fig., as to a. any one with 
money, pecunia aliquem oppugnare, Cic. : 
to bea.’d by poison, veneficiis impugnart, 
Suet.: cf. infr. (lL). Phr.: to a. the 
enemy, impetum in hostes facere, Caes. 
(of a charge or onset): v. ATTACK. (subs.) 
Vv. TO ASSAIL, ASSAULT, FALL UPON. 

I]. To assatil with words: aft 
idorior, 4 (with some defining word): to 
a. any one with railing, aliquem jurgio 
a., Ter.: they a. Seneca with various 
accusations, variis criminationibus Se- 
necam adoriuntur, Tac. Q. invéhor, 
vectus, 3 (With prep. in and acc.): openly 
to a. any one in the senate, in senatu 
aperte in aliquem invehi, Cic.: Liv. 
3, oppugno, 1 (Fig.: comp. 1. 4): 
to a. an opinion, sententiam 0., Cic.: to 
a. with words, verbis o., Cie. 4, im- 
pugno, 1 (Fig.: comp. 1. 3): to a. an 
opinion, sententiam i., Tac.: Sall. 5. 
incesso, 3 (with abl. of means of attack) : 
to a. kings with froward voids, reges 
dictis protervis i., Ov.: to a. any one 
with accusations, aliquem criminibus i., 
Tac. 6, péto, 3 (also with abl. of 
means of attack): to a. any one in @ 
letter, aliquem epistola p., Cic.: to a. 
any one ith false accusations, aliquem 
falsis criminibus p., Tac. 7. prosé- 
quor, séciitus, 3 (denoting an attack 
which is folknwed up or continued): to 
a. any one with insulting expressions, 
aliquem contumeliosis vocibus p., Caes.: 
he a.s the man with too violent language, 
hominem verbis veliementioribus prose 
55 





ATTACK 





quitur, Cic.: v. TO ASSAIL. Ul. Zo 
seize (esp. of disease): 1, corripio, ripti, 
reptum, 3 (suddenly): he was twice a.’d 
by the disease while transacting business, 
morbo bis inter res agendas correptus 
est, Suet. 9. invado, 3: the pain a.s 
the eyes, dolor in oculosi., Lucr.: he says 
that no greater plague has a.'d the life 
of man, negat ullam pestem majorem in 
vitam hominum invasisse, Cic. 
tento, 1: strong minds cannot be a.’d by 
disease, animi valentes morbo tentari 
non possunt, Cic.: Hor.: wines a. the 
head, vina tentant caput, Plin. 4, 
attento (rare): Apul. 5, (Lo attack 
again): répéto: v. TO RETURN. 

attack (subs): 1, impétus, is 
(i.e. @ charge, onset): they made an a. 
upon the enemy with drawn swords, 
gladiis destrictis in hostes i. fecerunt, 
Caes.; to sustain an a., impetum sus- 
tinere or ferre, Caes.: to make an a., 
i. dare, Liv.: to ward off an a., i. pro- 
pulsare, Cic.: an a. of fever, febris L 
Cels. | Q, pétitio(ofa thrust or aimat 
any one: rare): I have escaped YOur G.8, 
petitiones tuas effugi, Cic. 3, impug- 
natio (rare): Cic. (of an attack on Milo’s 
house: Att. 1, 4. med.). 4, oppug- 
natio (usu. of an attack upon a town: v. 
SIEGE): Fig.: of a forensic attack, Cle. 
Wat: 245- §, incursus, Us (esp. of the 
a. of cavalry): to sustain a.s of cavalry, 
i, equitum sustinere, Caes.: Liv. 6. 
concursus, us (a combined a.): V. EN- 
COUNTER. Fig.: to sustain the com- 
bined. a.s of all the philosophers, c. om- 
nium philosophorum sustinere,Cic. 7, 
tentatio (esp. of the attacks of disease) : 
ZI am glad that your health has recovered 
both from the old disease and from the 
new as, valetudinem tuam jam confirm- 
atam esse et a veteri morbo et a novis 
t. gaudeo, Cic.: v. FIT (subs.). Phr.: 
he had heard the signal for a. sounded, 
bellicum cani audierat, Liv.: fo make 
an a. on, oppugnare, impugnare, etc. : 
v. TO ATTACK ; ONSET, ASSAULT. 

attacker: oppugnator: v. AssaiL- 
ANT. 

attain: A, Intrans.: pervénio: 
Vv. TO ARRIVE AT, REACH. B, Trans.: 

ile idipiscor, eptus, 3: all are eager 

to a, old aye, senectutem ut adipiscantur 
omnes optant, Cic. 2. conséquor, 
sécutus, 3: to a. a public office, magis- 
tratum c., Cic.: Caes.: to a. a resem- 
blance to truth, similitudinem veri c., 
Cic.; Vv. TO GAIN, OBTAIN. 

attainable: impetrabilis, e (prop. 
a. by a treaty or request): when he de- 
manded a triumph, the greatness of his 
exploits rendered it easily a., postulanti 
triumphum rerum gestarum magnitudo 
impetrabilem faciebat, Liv.: express to 
Juno an a, wish, i. votum facite Junoni, 
Prop. Phr: that end is not a. to all, 
*non ab omnibus eo perveniri potest; 
non cujusvis est eum finem consequi: v. 
TO ATTAIN TO, GAIN; rewards which are 
a. by mercenaries, praemia quae patent 
stipendiariis, Cic.: v. TO BE OPEN. 

attainder: privilégium (i.e. a law 
aimed at a particular person : probably 
the nearest Latin word): they did not 
wish laws against private persons to be 
proposed, for this is what is meant by 
an a@.. in privatos homines leges ferri 
noluerunt; id est enim p., Cic.: to 
propose a billof a.against one, de aliquo 
p. ferre, Cic.: they shall not propose bills 
of a., privilegia ne irroganto, XII. Tab. 


ap. Cic. 

attainment’ |. The act of 
getting: 1, adeptio: the a. of good, 
a. boni, Cic.: Quint. 2. compiratio : 


the a. of pleasure, c. voluptatis, Cic. 
3, or expr. by part. of verb: e.g. 
to devote oneself to the a. of wealth, di- 
vitiis comparandis incumbere v. TO 
ATTAIN. — [J, Acquired knowledge or 
skill: V. LEARNING, KNOWLEDGE. Phr : 
he was a man of very great a.s, erant in 
eo plurimae literae, Cic.: a@ man of 
refined a.s, (homo) doctrina liberaliter 
institutus, Cic.: v. ACCOMPLISHMENT. 
attaint (».): privilégium ferre, Cic.: 
¥. aTTAINDER. 
56 





ATTEND TO 


ATTENDANT 








ettanieert : V. TO TEMPER, MITIGATE. 
attempt ().: |. To endeavour: 
], conor 1 (with ace., inf., or absol.): 
to a. a great and difficult work, opus 
magnum et arduumc., Cic.- you see that 
Demosthenes accomplished many things, 
that we a. many, vides Demosthenem 
multa perficere, nos multa c., Cic.: to a. 
to do anything, aliquid agere conari, 
Cic. 2, coepto, 1: he a.’d to repress the 
mutiny, coercere seditionem coeptabat, 
Tac.: ananimal a.s to get what it per- 
ceives to be adapted to its nature, animal 
c. ea quae naturae sentit apta appetere, 
Cic.: also with acc.: Vv. TO BEGIN. By 
molior, 4 (7.e. to a. some great or diffi- 
cult work): he as nothing amiss, nil 
molitur inepte, Hor. (of Homer): v. TO 
SCHEME, PLOT. 4, nitor, Enitor: v. 
TO STRIVE, ENDEAVOUR. (N.B. Not ex- 
perior, which signifies the trial of an ez- 
periment, not the attempt to do some- 
thing: v. To TRY.) ||, Zo attack: 1, 
tento, 1: to a. the walls of a town, moe- 
nia oppidi t., Caes.: Liv.: v. TO ATTACK. 
Q. attento, 1: to a. (make an at- 
tempt on) Capua, a. Capuam, Liv. 
attempt (subs.): 1, cOnatum (esp. 
in pl.): Caes.: Juv. 2. conatus, us: 
to desist from an a., conatu desistere, 
Caes.: I have checked your atrocious 4.s, 
compressi tuos nefarios conatus, Cic. 
3, inceptum: to desist from an a., 
incepto absistere, Liv.: favour, O god- 
dess, my 4.s., inceptis annue, diva, meis, 
Ov. 4. tirdcinium (a first a.): 
wished to male his first a., and to give a 
proof of his eloquence in impeaching L. 
Paulus, in L. Paulo accusando t. ponere 
et documentum eloquentiae dare voluit, 
Liv.: Quint. 5, périctilum: v. TRIAL, 
EXPERIMENT.—NOTE. Of the preceding 
words, conatus and conatum imply 
effort: inceptum only a beginning: ti- 
rocinium is fig. and rare. 
attempter: qui tentat, etc.- v. verb. 
attend: |, To accompany: iB 
comitor, 1: they a.’d the dead youth (to 
the grave) with vain respect, juvenem 
exanimum vano honore comitati sunt, 
Virg. 2. proséquor, séciitus, 3 (usu. 
to a distance) : to a. a funeral, exsequias 
p., Ov : may the same esteem a. Quintus 
to the funeral pile, eadem existimatio 
Quintum usque ad rogum prosequatur, 
Cic. 3, dédiico: v. TO ESCORT, TO 
ACCOMPANY. Il. Zo be present: 1, 
intersum, fui (with dat or prep.) : to a. 
@ sacrifice, rebus divinis i., Caes, - to a. 
a banquet, in convivio i., Cic. 2. ad- 
sum, fui (strictly to be present at; 
whereas intersum is to take part in: 
constr. same as preceding): to a. an au- 
spice-taking, auspicio adesse, Liv. (also 
interesse, Liv.): v. T@ BE PRESENT AT. 
Ill. Zo follow as a consequence: v. 
TO FOLLOW. IV, To await, stay for: 
q. V.: oppérior, ete. 
—— at: Vv. TO aTTenp (II.). 
ON: V.TO ATTEND UPON. 
—— to: i.e. to pay attention to: 
1, animadverto, ti, sum, 3: these 
things are not a.’d to during peace, haec 
non animadvertuntur in pace, Cic. oF 
attendo, di, tum, 3 (sometimes with ani- 
mum or animos: the object of attention 
is expr. by ad, acc., or clause): attend to 
what follows, attendite animos ad ea 
quae consequuntur, Cic.: to a. to the 
jirst line of a law, primum legis ver- 
sum a. Cic.: a. now to uhat I wish, 
nunc quid velim, animum attendite, Ter. 
8. circumspicio, spexi, spectum, 3 
(to look carefully round upon): these 
and the like things must be carefully a.d 
to, haec et talia circumspicienda sunt, 
Cic.: there are a great many things to 
bea.’d to inconducting causes, permulta 
sunt in causis circumspicienda, Cic.: also 
strengthened with diligenter, Cic. 4. 
cro, £ (i.e. to undertake the care of): 
toa. to other people’s affairs, aliena ne- 
gotia c., Cic.- they a. to nothing except 
the mind, praeter animum nihil curant, 
Cic.: it shall be a.’d to, curabitur, Ter. 
5, prociiro, 1 (esp. of attending to 
the affairs of another; and of sacred 
things): to a. to the sacrifices, sacriticia 


p., Caes.: to a. to accounts, rationes p, 
Cic.. Vv. TO TAKE CARE OF, BE AGENT 

6, servio, 4 (i.e. to he the slave of, 
be altogether devoted to: with dat.): 
they a.’d to their own private profit, 
compendio suo privato serviebant, Caes, : 
to a. to one's private affairs, rei ‘famili- 
ari s., Cic.: to a. to rumour, rumori 6., 
Caes. 7, inservio, 4 (i. q. servio- with 
dat.): toa to one’s own interests, suis 
commodis i., Cic.: to a. to reputation, 
famae i., Tac. 8, invigilo, 1 (i.e. to 
be watchful over: with dat.): other 
(bees) a. watchfully to the food, aliae 
victu invigilant, Virg.: v. TO WATCH 
OVER. 9, exaudio, 4 (i.e. to listen to: 
q. v.): the adviser not a.’d to will laugh, 
ridebit monitor non exauditus, Hor. 

10, obtempéro, 1 (i.e. to hearken 
to, comply with: usu. with dat.): I 
know for certain that the gods will a. 
more to you, tibi deos certo scio obtem- 
peraturos magis, Ter.: [don’t a. to what 
he says, non ego illi obtempero quod lo- 
quitur, Pl.: if I had been a.'d to, si mibi 
esset obtemperatum, Cic. ll. prae- 
vertor (in tmperf. tenses), praeverti, 2 
(to a. to first or in preference: usu. with 
dat.): he thought that he ought first to a. 
to this matter, huic rei praevertendum 
existimavit, Caes.: let us first a. to that, 
illuc praevertamur, Hor. Phr.. are you 
a.ing or not ? hoccine agis an non? Ter.: 
not a.ing, and thinking of nothing of 
the kind, aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi 
cogitans, Cic. 

—— upon or on: 1, appa- 
réo, 2 (of formal or legally required at- 
tendance: with dat.): the priesis must a. 
upon the gods, sacerdotes diis apparento, 
Cic.: four-and-twenty lictors a. upon 
the consuls, quatuor et viginti lictores a 
consulibus, Liv. Q, sector, 1 (of slaves, 
dependents, etc.); I have now been a.ing 
upon you for five years, equidem te jam 
sector quintum hunc annum, Pl.. to a. 
upon the praetor, praetorem s., Cic.: a 
body of horsemen as wpon the king, 
equitum manus regem sectatur, Tac. 

8, assector, 1 (esp. of the friends 
of candidates): Galba a.’d on Crassus 
when he was a candidate Jor the aedile- 
ship, quum aedilitatem Crassus peteret, 
eum Galba assectabatur, Cic.. Tac. 4, 
assum (ads.), fui: (in most general sense : 
to be present with : with dat.): so much 
grace a.’d on her art, tantus decor affuit 
arti, Ov. §, fréquento, 1 (only of great 
numbers): the work-people a.d upon 
Maiius in great numbers, opifices Ma- 
rium frequentabant, SalL: Tac. 

attendance: |. The act of watting 
on or serving: 1, apparitio (oficial 
a.): during his longa. (in the capacity 
ot interpreter), I have learnt his fidelity, 
in longa ejus a. fidem cognovi, Cic. » 
assectatio (of thea. of dependents): Cic.: 
Q.Cic.  §, assidiiitas (constant a.) : the 
constant a. of a physician, medici a., 
Cic.: he danced a. on you the next day, 
assiduitatem tibi praebuit postridie, Cic, 

4, tréquentia (a. in great numbers): 
the daily, constant, und numerous a. of 
/riends, quotidiana amicorum assiduitas 
et f, Q. Cic. A, officium (compli- 
mentary): a. on the new consuls, of. 
novorumeonsulum, Suet. |], Service: 
ministérium: to renier any one a., 
alicui m. facere, Just.: a. upon the 
emperor, ministeria principatus, Tac.: 
V. SERVICE. Ill. A body of as: v. 
RETINUE, ATTENDANT. 

attendant (adj.): ‘1, adjunctus: 
esp. in neut. pl., adjuncta, a. circum- 
stances: Cic. 2. quod sequitur, com- 
itatur, etc. 

attendant (suhs.): 1, accensus 
(a kind of assistant lictor: esp. of 
the a. on the consul who had not the 
fasces): Tettius uas an a. on Nero, 
Tettius a. Neroni fuit, Cic. 2. ap- 
paritor (the most comprehensive ‘ean 
to denote all kinds of oficial a.s on ma- 
gistrates: as, lictors, apparitors, accensi) : 
Cic.: Suet. 3. assectator (a depend- 
ant): @ certain old a., one of my 
friends, quidam vetns a. ex numero 
amicorum, Cic. 4, stipator (esp. of 


,) 
_4 





ATTENTION 


the body-guard of kings). personal a.s, 
corporis stipatores, Cic.: Hor.  §, sec- 
tator (an g.on a candidate for office): 
what need is there of a.s? quid opus est 
sectatoribus? Cic. 6. satelles, itis 
(esp. of a king’s guard: but also used 
of other dependants) : loves to make 
its way through the midst of a.s, aurum 
per medios ire satellites amat, Hor.: the 
as of Caesar, Caesaris s., Tac. Fig.: 
the guardian and inflexible a. of true 
virtue, virtutis verae custos rigidusque 
s., Hor. 7. familus, fem. familla (a 
slave: esp. poet.): thea.s of the Idacan 
mother, |daeae matris famuli, Cic.: the 
a.s carried him in a swoon into the 
douse, famuli collapsum in tecta fere- 
bant, Virg.: her female a.s raise her up, 
suscipiunt famulae, Virg. Fig.: merit 
is the a. of fortune, virtus famula for- 
tunae est, Cic. 8, minister and mi- 
nistra (a servant: not necessarily a 
slave): a hundred as of the same age, 
centum pares aetate ministri, Virg.: 
Liv.: a.s in peace and war, pacisque 
bellique ministrae, Virg.: a body of a.s, 
ministérium, Tac.: Plin. 9, ministra- 
tor (rare): I pass through the crowd of 
4@.s, transeo turbam ministratorum, Sen. 
10. pédiséquus and pédistqua (a 
lacquey, personal a.): my daughter’s a., 
meae gnatae pedisequa, Pl.: the shouting 
of the a.s, clamor pedisequorum, Cic. 
Fig.: you hare united your knowledge 
of law to eloquence as its waiting-maid 
and a., istam juris scientiam eloquentiae 
tanquam ancillulam pedisequamque ad- 
junxisti, Cic.: v. COMPANION, SERVANT. 
attention: |. The act or state of 
attending: 1, animadversio (rare: and 
denoting notice, observation, rather than 
fixed attention): a. and care must be 
raised into activity, excitanda est a. et 
diligentia, Cic. 2. attentus animus 
(the most perfect equiv. for the English 
word): to listen toanything with a. and 
admiration (of a number of persons), 
aliquid animis attentis admirantes excip- 
ere, Cic.: to pay a. to the maintenance 
of propriety, attentos animos (attentum 
a. of one person) ad decoris conservati- 
onem tenere, Cic. (Similarly the word 
may be expr. by attenta auris, if listen- 
ing be referred to; or atteptum studium 
of earnest a. in general. Intentus may 
be used if the ideais that of intently 
Jjizing the mind upon something.) Ss: 
intentio (both with and without animi or 
mentis) : J will tell you if you will lend 
me your a., dicam si mihi accommoda- 
veris intentionem tuam, Sen.: in. animi 
or mentis, Quint.: the a. of hearers, i. 
audientium, Quint.: nor let a discourse 
be solong that the a.cannot follow it to 
the end, nec sit sermo tam longus ut eum 
prosequi non possit i., Quint. 4, au- 
dientia (hearing): I foresee how much a. 
his unprincipled conduct will procure for 
my speech, prospicio quantam a. orationi 
meae improbitas illius factura sit, Cic.: 
Liv. Phr.: to gain the a. of a judge, 
judicem attentum facere, Cic.: to draw 
everybody s a. upon oneself, omnium ocu- 
los ad se convertere, Nep.: Curt.; also 
simply, conspici, Liv.: Nep.: to attract 
a. by novelty in speaking, animos homi- 
num ad se convertere novitate dicendi, 
Cic.: as the king was paying his whole 
a. to the man, cum intentus in eum se 
rex totus adverteret, Liv.: to pay a.in 
silence (to a play), (cum) silentio animum 
advertere, Ter.: Cic. I]. A polite act, 
obliging conduct: 1, s@diilitas (careful 
a.): feignela., simulata s., Cic.: oblig- 
ing a., Officiosa s., Hor. 2. obser- 
vantia (esp. with ref. to a superior: but 
not solely). to retain friends by a., ami- 
cos observantia retinere, Cic.: a. to the 
ing, 0. in regem, Liv. 8, cultus, iis 
(with ref. either to equals or to supe- 
riors): to those connected by blood, ser- 
vice and careful a. is paid, sanguine 
conjunctis officium et diligens tribuitur 
c., Cic.; Ve SEBVICE, KINDNESS ; and foll. 
art. 


———, to pay: 1, dpéram 
do, dédi, ditum, 1 (to do all in one's 
power for a certain end): ‘o pay a. to 


ATTESTATION 


one’s health, valetndini o. dare, Cic.: to 
pay a. to a conversation, sermoni 0. dare, 
Cic.: ¥. TO EXERT ONESELF. 2. ob- 
servo, 1 (to show marks of respect to): 
to pay a. to one's fellow-tribesmen, tri- 
bules suos observare, Cic.. the victors 
pay marked and very loving a. to me, 
victores me _perofficiose et peramanter 
observant, Cic.: Virg. 3, stiideo, 2 
(to devote oneself to: with dat.): to pay 
a. to agriculture, agriculturae s., Caes.: 
to pay a. to literature, literis s., Cic.: he 
paid exclusive a. to nome of these things, 
horum ille nihil egregie studebat, Ter. 
4, colo, ti, cultum, 3 (prop. to be- 
stow care upon): to pay a. to the study 
of philosophy, studium philosophiae c., 
Cic.: to pay a. to the liberal arts, artes 
Mberales c., Suet.: v. also ATTENTION 
(I. 2). 
attention, deserving of, or at- 
tracting: conspiciendus: let him sit 
upon a swift horse, attracting a., insi- 
deat celeri conspiciendus equo, Tib.: a 
work worthy of a., opus c., Liv.: v. TO 
ATTEND TO (4). 
attentive: |. That pays attention: 
1, attentus: an a. mind, a. animus, 
Ter.: an a.juryman, judex a., Cic.: v. 
ATTENTION (I. 2 and Phr.). Verya., 
perattentus: @ very a. mind, p. animus, 
Cie. 2. intentus (stronger than at- 
tentus: v. INTENT, EAGER): he listened 
to your prayers with a. ear, intenta tuis 
precibus se praebuit aure, Tib. BY 
erectus (aroused: q. v.): a. jurymen, 
e. judices, Cic.: Liv. 4, auritus (lit. 
possessed of ears: poet.): a oaks, a. 
quercus, Hor.: make the people a., face 
(i.e. fac) auritum populum, Pl. (some- 
what simly. Hor. has acutae aures (of 
the satyrs) for wup-pricked, attentive 
ears). Phr.: he was not a. when the 
cause was being conducted by others, 
non affuit animo quum ab aliis causa 
ageretur, Cic.: Vv. TO PAY ATTENTION 
and CAREFUL. I]. That waits upon: 
1, sédiilus: an a. nurse, s. nutrix, 
Ov.: let the a. crowd of young men escort 
the old man home, deducat juvenum 
s. turba senem, Tib. 2. observans, 
antis: a@ man most a. to me, observantis- 
simus mei homo, Cic. 8, officidsus: 
the people of Lampsacus are most a. 
(= respectful) to all Roman citizens, 
homines Lampsaceni summe in omnes 
cives Romanos o., Cic. (For the differ- 
ence between the above words, comp. 
ATTENTION, IT.) 
attentively: 1. attenté: to listen 
to any one most a., aliquem attentissinie 
(or perattente) audire, Cic. Q, intenté 
(rather stronger than 1): teachers wish 
to be listened toa. and modestly, prae- 
ceptores se i. ac modeste audiri volunt, 
Quint.: Tac. 3, sédiilo: v. DILIGENT- 
LY. 4, officidsé (paying respectful 
aitentions): Cic. Phr.: to listen to 
a., attento animo (attentis animis, of 
a number) aliquid excipere: v. ATTEN- 
TION (I. 2): to look a. at something, 
contemplari: v. TO GAZE AT. 
yottenuant (adj.): atténiians, antis : 


attenuant (subs.): médicamentum 
attenuans: M. L. 

attenuate: 1, att&niio, 1: sleep- 
less nights a. the bodies of young men, a. 
juvenum vigilatae corpora noctes, Ov. 

2. exténiio, 1: to a.aline of troops, 

aciem e., Liv.: v. TO EXTENUATE. SE 
tenue s. gracile (¢. g. corpus), reddo, effi- 
cio: v. THIN. 

attenuated: 1, atténiiatus: a. by 
love, a. amore, Ov.: Suet. 2, exténi- 
atus: a. air, e. aér, Cic.: Ov.: v. THLN. 

attenuation: exténiiatio: the a. of 
the air, aéris e., Sen. 

attest: 1, testor, 1: the plain a.s 
battles by its tombs, campus sepulcris 
proelia t.. Hor. Q, testificor, 1: v. 
TO TESTIFY, BEAR WITNESS. 3. signo, 
I (i.e. to attest by one’s signature or 
seal): V.TO SIGN. 

attestation: 1, testificatio: Cic. 

2. testimonium: forged a.s, falsa t., 

Liv. Phr.: the a. of a will, testamenti 
testium subscriptio: v. EVIDENCE. 





ATTRIBUTABLE 


_Attic(adj.): 1. Atticus: A. faith 
(i. e. sincerity), A. fides, Vell.: A. 
A. lepos, Mart.: 4. refinement, A. sub- 
tilitas, Cic. 2, Actaeus (chiefly poet.): 
Ov. : Stat. 

attic (subs.): 
Hor.: v. GARRET. 

attire (v.): vestio: v. TO DREss, 

attire (subs.): vestitus: v. press, 
CLOTHES. 

attitude: |, Lit.: of the body: 

. Status, is: an erect and lofty a., 

s. erectus et celsus, Cic.: an unbecoming 
a., 8. indecorus, Quint.: he frequently 
changes his a.s, crebro commutat status, 
Pl.: a threatening a., minax s., Hor. 
Fig.: to force the terrified mind from 
its position and fixed a., animum per- 
territum loco et certo de s, demovere, 
Cic. 2. habitus, is (usu. of what is 
permanent : V. MIEN, AIR): an a. of won- 
der, admirationis b., Quint.: Sen.: vy. 
POSTURE. Il. Fig.: bearing or de- 
meanour towards. Phr.: to assume 
this or thata. towards any one, ita, tali 
modo, se gerere adversus aliquem, Cic.: 
V. TO BEHAVE ONESELF. 

attorney. 1, cognitor (probably 
the nearest word to the English; and 
denoting a regularly appointed legal ad- 
viser, cf. Cic. Rosc. Com. 18, 53: “alteri 
nemo (petere) potest, nisi qui cognitor 
est factus:” but the law was not divided 
into separate professions as with us): 
you were appointed the a. of Roscius in 
that suit, in eam litem c. Roscii es factus, 
Cic.: to appoint an a. for any one, 
cognitorem alicui adscribere, Cic.: Hor. 

2. prociirator: Cod. Theod. (N.B. 

There was a technical distinction be- 
tween the cognitor and the procurator 
which cannot be preserved in English: 
v. Heinec. Syn. Ant. iv. 10, 2.) s 
advécatus (i.e. a kind of assistant- 
counsel): v. ADVOCATE. Phr.: your 
business cannot be managed by a. (or 
deputy), delegationem ista res non re- 


coenacilum: Cic.: 


cipit, Sen. : a letter of a., *literae pro- 
curationis. 
attorney-general: 1, advdcatus 


fisci: Spart. (7 v. Dict. Ant. p.12). 2, 
*cognitor publicus, procurator publicus 
a causis (v. Forcell. s. v. procurator). 

attorneyship: 1, cognitio (i. e. the 
acting as a cognitor): Edict. Imp. (vide 
Forcell., s. v.). 2, prociratio (i.e. the 
acting as procurator): Dig. Phr.: to 
bestow on any one the a., aliquem cogni- 
torem, etc. facere: v. ATTORNEY. 

attract: [jnPhysically: 1. 
traho, traxi, tractum, 3 (with prep.): 
the loadstone allures and a.s the tron to 
it, magnes ferrum ad se allicit et t., Cic.: 
also with prep. in: Plin. 9. attraiho, 
3: the loadstone a.s iron, magnes ferrum 
a., Plin.: v. TO DRAW. i). Fig:: 7: 
traho, 3: we are all a.’d and led to a 
desire of knowledge, omnes trahimur et 
ducimur ad scientiae cupiditatem, Cic. 

2. attriho, 3: toa.a man to Rome, 

hominem Romam a., Cic.: to a. disciples, 
discipulos a., Ov, 8, allicio: v. To 
ALLURE. 

attraction: |. The power of draw- 
ing towards: *vis attractionis: M. L. 

Il. The act of drawing towards : 

attractus, ts: Dict. Cret. ||, Charm, 
allurement, q. v.: illécébra (usu. in pl.): 
what a. for the young v as ever possessed 
by any one equal to that which he pos- 
sessed? quae tanta in ullo homine ju- 
ventutis i. fuit quanta in illo? Cic.: the 
as of pleasure, illecebrae voluptatis, 
Cic.: Vv. CHARM, FASCINATION, SEDUC- 
TION. 

attractive: |. Phys.: Phr.: the 
a. force of bodies, *ea corporum vis qua 
invicem attrahuntur. il. Fig.: y i 
blandus: Cic. Q. illécébrosus (rare): 
PL Phr.: she had something indescrib- 
ably a. about her, *inerat ei nescio quid 
suavitatis atque illecebrarum: v. CHARM- 
ING, ALLURING. 

attractively: blandé: v. ALLuR- 
INGLY. 

attractiveness: lépos, ris. v. 
CHARM 


attributable: expr. by ger. oF part. 


ATTRIBUTE 


AUDITOR 


AUSPICES 





of verbs = to attribute: as, the fault is 
not a. to me, culpa in me conferenda 
non est, Caes. Phr.: it was a. to you 
that we did not take the town, per te 
stetit quominus oppido potiremur, Caes. 
attribute (v.): 1, tribiio, ii, itum, 
3: to 4. anything to the bravery of the 
enemy, aliquid virtuti hostium t., Caes. : 
Cic.: v. re assign. Q, attribiio, 3: if 
he (Cato) seems to talk too eruditely, a. 
at to his Greele studies, si eruditius vi- 
debitur disputare, attribuito Graecis lite- 
Tis, Cic.: v. TO ASCRIBE. 8, assigno, 
1: do not a. this to my wickedness, ne 
hoc sceleri meo assignes, Cic. 4. de- 
légo, 1 (to delegate): to a. the honour of 
saving the consul toa slave, servati 
consulis decus ad servum d., Liv.: to 
a. crimes to others, scelera aliis d., Tac. 
5, affingo, finxi, fictum, 3 (to a. 
wrongly): to a. an honest speech to a 
bad man, probam orationem improbo 
a., Cic.: to a. a crime to any one, alicui 
crimen a., Tac.: v. TO ATTACH, ASCRIBE, 
IMPUTE. Phr.: playswhich are a.d to 
Plautus, fabulae quae nomini Plauti ad- 
dicuntur, Gell. 3, 3 (where he is speak- 
ing of spurious plays: to attribute right- 
fully would rather be tribuere: v. TO 
ASSIGN). 
attribute (subs.): Phr.: philosophy 
ts naturally an a. of this man’s mind, 
inest natura philosophia in hujus viri 
mente, Cic.: if is an a. of a wise man 
to do nothing against his will, sapientis 
est proprium nihil facere invitum, Cie. : 
right, unchanging reason is to be re- 
garded as an a. of God, Deo tribuenda 
est ratio recta, constans, Cic.: v. PRO- 
PERTY, QUALITY, CHARACTERISTIC. — 
N.B. Lucr. uses conjuncta of the pri- 
mary a.s of bodies (1, 450); but his 
nomenclature does not seem to have 
been followed by others. 


attributive (swds.): i.e. adjunct : 


1, attribitio : Cic. 2, attribu- 
tum: Cic. 
attrition: attritus, ts: Plin.: v. 


ABRASION, FERICTION. 

attune: |, To render musical: 
midilor, 1: men’s ears naturally a. 
their voice, hominum aures vocem na- 
tura m., Cic. I]. Zo adjust one sound 
to another: Plhr.: to a. the voice to a 
lyre, *efficere ut vox lyrae concinat; 
vocem lyrae consonam reddere. 

auburn: 1, fulvus: a. hair, fulva 
caesaries, Virg. Aen. 11, 642. 2. 
aureis: v. YELLOW, GOLDEN. 

auction: 1, auctio: to give notice 
or advertise an a., auctionem proscri- 
bere, Cic.. the a. had been arranged to 
take place at Rome, erat constituta a. 
Romae, Cic.: to adjourn or put off an 
a., a. proferre, Cic.: to sell by a., auc- 
tione vendere, Cic. : a regular frequenter 
of a.s, circulator auctionum, Cic. Phr.: 
catalogues of a. sales, tabulae auctio- 
nariae, Cic.; auctionalia, ium: Ulp. To 
hold an a., auctidnor, 1: Cic.: Caes. 

9. hasta (because a spear was stuck 
in the ground to indicate the sale: only 
of auctions of public property): a@ pur- 
chase at an a., emptio ab hasta, Cic.; 
to sell by a., sub hasta vendere, Liv. 
3, tabiila: <Aebutius is present at 

the a. Aebutius adest ad tabulam, 
Cic. 

auction-room or mart: 
auctionarium: Cic. 

auctioneer: 1, auctionans, antis: 

ic. 2, *qui auctioni praeest. 3)5 
praeco: to subject any one’s goods to 
the offensive voice of the a., bona alicujus 
voci acerbissimae subhjicere praeconis, 
Cic. (the praeco, however, was not 
strictly the auctioneer but the crier). 

audacious: 1, audax, acis (usu. 
in bad sense): the a. rave (son) of Iape- 
tus, a. fapeti genus, Hor.: an a. crime, 
a. facinus, Tac. 2, confidens, entis 
(also in good sense): an a. fellow, homo 
c., Ter.: Cic.: v. BORD, IMPUDENT. 
Phr.: ana. crime, facinus: V. CRIME. 

audaciously: 1, audacter (usu. 
in bad sense): Cic.: Liv. 2. confi- 
denter (more usu. in good sense); Cic.: 
PL: ¥. BOLDLY. 

58 


atrium 


audaciousness t 1, audacia (usu. in 
audacity bad sense: where- 


rather than courage, a. potius quam for- 
titudo, Cic. 2. confidentia (also in 
good sense: v. CONFIDENCE): your a. 
and vashness, c. et temeritas tua, Cic.; 
v. BOLDNESS. 
audible: *quod audiri (exaudiri) pot- 
est; quod auribus percipi potest: v. TO 
HEAR. Pbr.: he spoke in so low a tone 
that he was not a., #tam submissa voce 
loquebatur ut exaudiri non posset: the 
clash of arms becomes more and more a., 
clarescunt sonitus armorum, Virg.— 
N.B Clarus as applied to the voice is 
clear, loud, distinct, not merely audible 
(cf, Cic. Cl. 48, 134: “clara voce ut om- 
nis concio audire posset.’’) 
audibly: Phr.: to speak a., clara 
voce dicere ita ut (or simply, ita dicere 
ut) omnes exaudire possint: v. ALOUD, 
AUDIBLE. 
audience: [. A hearing: audi- 
entia: gentle speech gains a. for itself, 
facit ipsa sibi a, mitis oratio, Cic. Phr.: 
togive favourable a. toany one, aliquem 
benigne audire, Liv. I]. Admittance 
to a hearing : 1, admissio: to admit 
to an a., a. dare, Plin.: the readiness 
with which you granted a.s, admissio- 
num tuarum facilitas, Plin.: Sen. 2). 
iiditus, is: to obtain an a. with the em- 
peror by bribery, principis aditum emer- 
cari, Tac.: Hamilcar had an a. with the 
king, Hamilcar aditum regis obtinuit, 
Just.: v. access. Phr.: he gave a, to 
no one, neminem admisit, Cie.: they 
begged to be admitted to an a., admit- 
tier orant, Virg.: to give an a. of the 
senate, senatum dare, Sall.: a full senate 
gave a. to the ambassadors, legatis est 
senatus datus frequens, Cic.: to ask Jor 
a private a., secretum petere, ‘Tac. : 
Suet.: to admit a man to a secret a., ali- 
quem in secretum recipere, Sen. Il. 
A body of auditors: 1, auditores: the 
good. sense of the a. has always been a 
checl: on the eloquence of orators, semper 
oratorum eloquentiae moderatrix fuit 
auditorum prudentia, Cic.: a numerous 
a., auditorum frequentia, Quint. a 
qui audiunt (or part. andientes): to 
soothe or to excite the minds of the a., 
eorum qui audiunt mentes aut sedare 
aut excitare, Cic.: it makes a difference 
whether the a. is numerous or small, 
refert qui audiant, frequentes an pauci, 
Cic.: fit a. let me find though few, *digni 
sint quamvis pauci qui me audiant: to 
inflame, excite the minds of an a., au- 
dientium animos inflammare, permovere, 
Cic.: Vv. AUDITORY, 3. corona (an a. 
standing round im a circle): to plead a 
cause with a very large a., dicere causam 
magna ¢., Cic.: Ov. Phr.: a crowded 
a., *frequentia s. celebritas audientium 
(v. supr. III. 1): a select rather than a 
numerous a., *auditores magis eruditi 
atque politi quam frequentes. 
audit (subs.): 1, ratidnum inspec- 
tio: Traj. ap. Plin. (but as the word 
audit implies more than mere examina- 
tion, more fully), 2. *rationum in- 
spectio atque explicatio: v. TO AUDIT. 
8, dispunctio: ana. must be granted 
to the creditors, d. concedenda est credi- 
toribus, Ulp. 
audit (v.): 1, inspicio, spexi, spec- 
tum, 3° they did not olject to your a.ing 
their accounts, te ut rationes suas inspic- 
eres non recusaverunt, Traj. ap. Plin.; 
or more fully, *rationes inspicere atque 
explicare. 2, consdlido, 1: a..d ac- 
counts, rationes consolidatae, Cic. Fam. 
5, 20. 8, dispungo, punxi, punctum, 
3: toa. ts to compare receipts and pay- 
ments, d. est conferre recepta et data, 
Ulp.: to a. the accounts of payments and 
receipts, rationes expensorum et accep- 
torum d., Liv. 
auditor: |, A hearer: 
diens, entis: Cic.: Quint. 2. audi- 
tor: Cie.: Quint. 3. qui audit: Cic.: 
Quint.: v. AUDIENCE (II.). J, One who 
examines and settles accounts: |, dis- 
punctor: Tert. 2. qui rationes con- 
| Solidat: ef. Cic, Fam. 5, 20. 3. *qui 


audentia is simple daring; q. v.): a. 


1, au- 








rationes inspicit atque explicat: v. TO 
AUDIT. 

auditory (a4j.): auditorius: the a, 
passages, a. cavernae, Coel. Aur. 

auditory (subs.): auditorium: Plin.; 
Vv. AUDIENCE (II11.). 

auger: perforacilum: Arn. 

augment (v.): A, lransae 
augeo, adaugeo: v. TO INCREASE. a 
multiplico, 1 (prop. to increase mant- 
fold: vy. Caes. B.C. 3, 32) : the rivers are 
a.’d by the accumulated waters, flumina 
collectis multiplicantur aquis, Ov.: v. 
TO MULTIPLY. B, Intrans.: augeor. 
cresco* V. TO INCREASE. 

augment (gram. ¢. ¢.): *augmentum : 
Gram.: the syllabic a., *a. syllabicum; 
the temporal a., *a vemporale. 

augmentation: increémentum: ac- 
cessi0 : V. INCREASE, ENLARGEMENT. 

augmentative : quod auget, ete. 

a (subs.): augur, iiris: to elect 
an a. (by cooptatio), augurem cooptare, 
Cic.; also a. creare, Liv.: the college of 
a.s, augurum collegium, Liv. : to consult 
the a.s, augures consulere, Liv. Pbhr.: 
the office of a.: augiratus, us: Cic.: an 
a.'s staff, littius: Cic.: Liv.: augirale, 
is, m.: Sen.: v. also SOOTHSAYER. 

augur (v.): 1, augtiror,1: (alchas 
a.’d the years of the Trojan war from the 
number of sparrows, Calchas ex pas- 
serum numero belli Trojani annos au- 
guratus est, Cic.: also as v. act.: uf the 
mind a.s any truth, si quid veri mens 
augurat, Virg. 2. vaticinor: v. TO 
FORETELL, FOREBODE, PROPHECY. 

augural: augiiralis, e: a. books, libri 
a. Cic. Phr.: thea. region of observa- 
tion, templum: Liv. 

augury: |. The act or practice of 
Soretelling erents: 1, augtratio (rare): 
Cic. 2. augirium: to practise a., a. 
agere, Cic. 3, auspicium: Liv.: Cic.: 
V. AUSPICES, I]. An omen: 1, au- 
gurium: to announcean a., a. nuntiare, 
Liv. 2, auspicium: we consider light- 
ning the best a. if on the left, fulmen op- 
timum a. habemus si sinistrum fuerit, 
Cic. 8, ales, itis, f. (poet.): Hor.: 
Cat. Phr.: after taking the auguries, 
augurato: Liv.: to practise a., to take 
the a.s, inauguro, 1: Pl.: Liv.: v. OMEN, 
PROPHECY. 

august (adj): augustus (prop. ef 
that which has augural sanction): to 
render the origin of cities more @., 
primordia urbium augustiora facere, 
Liv.: v. MAJESTIC, GRAND. 

August (subs.): sextilis, is, m.: 
sextilis mensis (the name in the repub- 
lican period, changed info Augustus in 
honour of the Emperor): Cic.: Hor.: 
on the first of August, Kalendis sextil- 
ibus, Liv. : also, mensis augustus or Au- 
gustus: Juv.: Plin. 

aunt: |. Paternal: amita: Cic. : 
Liv.: a great-aunt, amita magna, Dig. 

II. aternal : matertéra : Cic.: Ov.: 
a gveat-aunt, magna matertera, Paul. 
Dig. 

auricle: |, T/eexternal ear: au- 
rictla: Cic.: v. EAR. Il. 4 cavity of 
the heart: auricila: M. L.: the right a., 
a. es or atrium venarum cavarum: 
M.L. 

auricula (species of primrose): 
*auricila primula: Linn. 

auricular: auriciiaris, e: the a. 
muscles, musculia.. M.L. Phr.: a. 
confession, *coniessio peccatorum sacer- 
doti in aurem dicta, (Kr.) (The phrase 
confessio auricularis should only be used 
in strictly technical sense. Calv. Inst 
Christ. Rel.) 

auriferous: aurifér, 
Tib.- Plin.: v. Goup, 

aurist: aurictilarius medicus: Ulp. 
aurochs: 1, trus: Caes.: Virg. 
2. bison, ontis: Plin. 

auscultation: *auscultatio: M.L. 
(the word occurs in Seneca in the sense 
of listening). 

auspices: — |, Omens: auspicium: 
the consul said that what was done for 
the safety of the state was done with the 
most favourable a., consul dixit optinais 
a. ea geri quae pro reipublicae salute ge- 


éra, érum: 


AUSPICIOUS 


AUTHORITY 





rerentur, Cic.: against the a., contra au- 
spicia, Cic. Phr.: after taxing the a., 
auspicato: Cic.: the taking of the a., 
auspicatus, is: Plin.: in a place con« 
secrated by the a., auspicato in loco, Cic.: 
Hor.: Gracchus foryot to take the a., 
Gracchus auspicari est oblitus, Cic. |], 
Direction, protection ; q. v.: auspicium : 
under your a. wars have been termi- 
nated throughout the world, tuis a. to- 
tum confecta duella per orbem, Hor. 
Phr.: under the a. of Teucer, auspice 
Teucro, Hor.: under the a. of the gods, 
diis auspicibus, Virg.: Ov. 

auspicious: 1, faustus: an a. 
omen, f. omen, Liv.: a fortunate and a. 
departure, exitus felix f.que, Lucr.: 0 
night, a. for this city, O nox illa f. 
huic urbi, Cic. 2. auspicatus (prop. 
appointed or sanctioned by auspices: Vv. 
auspices, |. fin.): @ more a. love, au- 

icatior Venus, Cat.: a.omens, a. omina, 

ell.: @ most a. commencement, auspi- 
catissimum initium rebus agendis, ‘lac. 

8. dexter, téra and tra, térum and 

trum: an a. omen, d. omen, Val. Fl.: a. 
Jove, d. Jupiter, Pers. 4, bonus, and 
esp. in superl., optimus. 5, laetus 
(Vv. JOYFUL): an a. augury, 1. augurium, 
Tac.: Plin. 6, felix: v. LUCKY, FA- 
VOURABLE, PROPITIOUS. 

auspiciously: 1, auspicato (strict- 
ly, after having taken the auspices: V. 
AUSPICES, Phr.): to arrive a., a& se 
afferre, Ter. 2: féliciter: Caes.: Cic.: 
V. FAVOURABLY, PROPITIOUSLY. 

austere: |. Harsh, rough (to the 
taste); q.v.: austérus. I]. Severe, 
stern, harsh; q. v.: austérus, séverus. 

austerely: austere, séveré: v. SE- 
VERELY. 

austerity: austéritas, sétvéritas: 
Vv. HARSHNESS, ROUGHNESS, SEVERITY. 
Phr.: the austerities of a monastic 
life, *duritia ac parsimonia monachorum 
(ascética: M. L.). 

authentic: 1. certus: to write all 
a. news, omnia c. perscribere, Cic.: @ 
most a. proof of my affection, amoris 
mei signum certissimum, Cic. 2. ve- 
rus: @ perfectly a. letter, verissimae 
literae, Cic.: v. TRUE, REAL. 3, ra- 
tus: a. wills, r. testamenta, Cic. 4. 
authenticus (freq. in late Latin, esp. 
legal): an a. will, a. testamentum, Ulp. 

5, fide dignus. 6, géniinus: v. 

GENUINE. 

authentically: certo auctore: cum 
auctoritate (Georges). Phr.: the fact 
was a. proved, res praeclaro testimonio 
comprobata est (cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 48): he 
says that he has ascertained this a., dicit 
se id certis auctoribus comperisse, Cic. - 
this was a. reported, id avGevtixws nun- 
tiabatur, Cic. Att. 10,9: “reyisters a. 
made,” (Hall, chron.), *tabulae optimis 
auctoribus conscriptae. 

authenticate: récognosco, novi, ni- 
tum, 3 (to look carefully into jor the 
sake of verifying): to a. a decree, de- 
cretum r., Cic.; to a. an account-book, 
codicem r., Cic.: v. TO VERIFY. 

authenticated. well (24j.) : certus, 
compertus; quod constat: v. AUTHENTIC. 

authentication: Phr.: he read 
the account-boolc for the purpose of a., 
codicem legit recognoscendi causa, Cic. 

authenticity: 1, auctoritas: Jet 
them cease to think that that evidence 
possesses any a., desinant putare auctor- 
itatem esse in eo testimonio, Cic.:; what 
a. or credit can the documents possess ? 
quam habere a. aut quam fidem literae 
possunt? Cic. Phr.: to doubt the a. of 
a statement (with ref. to Metellus’s ac- 
counts), dubitare verumne an falsum sit, 
Cic. In tech. sense: of the a. of 
an ancient book *authentia (without 
ancient authority, but used by modern 
critical writers): to assatl the a. of an 
episile, a. epistolae impugnare, Hefele, 
Patr. Apost.: its a is still in dispute, de 
cujus a. adhuc sub judice lis est, ib. 
(But the word should be used only in 
purely critical writings.) 

author: |. A maker, contriver, 
originator: 1, auctor: they were un- 
willing to be the a.s of a war, auctores 


belli esse nolebant, Caes.: the a. of a 
plan, consilii a. Caes.: Vv. FOUNDER. 

2. conditor (i.e. one who puts to- 
gether): te a. of the whole affair, c. 
totius negotii, Cic.: the a. of Roman 
law, c. Romani juris, Liv. 3, inventor 
(Vv. INVENTOR): the a. of all the arts, 
omnium artium i., Caes.: Cic. 4, ré- 
pertor: the a. of /aws, legum r., Quint. : 
the a. of a new system of law, novi juris 
r., Tac. 5, princeps, ipis (beginner, 
chief): thea. of a plan, consilii p., 
Cic.: Vv. FRAMER, CONTRIVER, INVENTOR. 

Il. The writer of a book: 1, scrip- 
tor: a.sof accounts of their own actions, 
Scriptores rerum suarum, Cic.: @ perspi- 


cuous a., 8. luculentus, Cic.: the a. of | 


satyric dramas, satyrorum s., Hor.: a.s 
of great genius arose there, provenere 
ibi scriptorum magna ingenia, Sall. : that 
very ancient a., Lysias, vetustissimus 
ille s., Lysias: Cic. 2, auctor (a word 
which applying as it does to other things 
besides books, requires to be used with 
caution, and only where the context 
furnishes the necessary limitation: it is 
used in Cic. only of an authority for a 
particular opinion or statement): Poly- 
bius an exceedingly good a. (i.e. au- 
thority; q.v.) writes, P. bonus a. in 
primis scribit, Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113 (cf. 
Att. 12, 18,1: “quos nune lectito auc- 
tores,” where it denotes advisers or war- 
vanters of a particular course of action) : 
writings ruinous to their a., scripta auc- 
tori perniciosa suo, Ov.: a.s of comedy, 
auctores comoediae, Quint.: the a. of the 
African war, Belli Atrici a., Suet. 3. 
conditor (i.e. composer): the a. of a his- 
tory, historiae c., Ov.: an a. of poems, c. 
carminum, Curt.: v. WRITER, COMPOSER. 
authoress: 1, poétria (arare word, 
and denoting prop. @ poetess); a. of a 
host of fables, plurimarum fabularum p., 
Cic. Covel. 26,63. 2, *auctor (Georges) 
the subs. is c. g. (v. Liv. 40, 4, fin., etc.), 
and therefore equally applicable to an 
author or authoress. 3, Expr. by phr. : 
as, the a. of this work, *femina quae 
hunc librum conscripsit. 
authoritative: |, Possessing au- 
thority : quod auctoritatem habet : there 
are in laws certain words somewhat an- 
tiquated, in order that they may be more 
a., sunt certa legum verba, quo plus 
auctoritatis habeant, paulo antiquiora, 
Cic.: justice even without prudence is 
suficiently a., justitia sine prudentia 
satis habet auctoritatis, Cic. Il. As- 
suming, overbearing : impéridsus: he is 
too a. (in his manners), nimis i. est, Cic. 
authoritatively: Phr.: J know 
no one who said nothings more a., nec 
cognovi quemquam qui majore auctori- 
tate nihil diceret, Cic. (v. AUTHORITY): 
stop instantly!—hem! you speak a. 
enough, whoever you are, sta illico ! hem ! 
satis pro imperio quisquis es, Ter.: v 
IMPERIOUSLY. 
authoritativeness: imperii or auc- 
toritatis ostentatio: v. AUTHORITY. 
authority: |. Lawfulpower: 1, 
auctoritas: he has a. for making laws 
From the senate, habet a. legum dan- 
darum a senatu, Cic.: the a. of the Ro- 
man people, a. populi Romani, Cic. 2, 
potestas (the most general term for a 
lawfully constituted a.): to have civil 
and military a. in the state, in repnb- 
lica cum p. imperioque versari, Cic.: 
practorian a., praetoria a., Cic.: to give 
any one a. (to do something), potestatem 
alicui facere ut aliquid faciat, Ciec.: v. 
POWER. 38, ditio (usu of a. founded on 
conquest : only in the sing. and without 
nom.): he has brought many cities un- 
der the empire and a. of the Roman 
people, urbes multas sub imperium po- 
puli R. ditionemqne subjunxit, be 
4, impérium (when used in con- 
nection with or contrast to other words, 
it usu. denotes military a.): without a. 
military affairs cannot be managed, 
sine imperio res militaris administrari 
non potest, Cic.; he wasin a., in im- 
perio fuit, Suet.- domestic a., i. domes- 
ticum, Cic.: Jove has a. over kings them- 
selves, reges in ipsos imperium est Jovis, 








Sor: 1, pdtestatem s. 








AUTHORSHIP 





Hor.: the a. of the laws is greater than 
that of persons, iniperia legum poten- 
tiora sunt quam hominum, Liv, 5. 
jus, juris, n. (righifula.): the a. of a 
Sather, jus patrium, Liv.: a. over women, 
jus ad mulieres, Pl.: v. POWER, RIGHT. 
I]. The influence of character, &c. : 
auctoritas: their a. with the common 
people is very great, eoram a. apud ple- 
bem plurimum valet, Caes : old age has 
very great a., senectus maximam habet 
a., Cic.: the a. of Peducaeus has great 
weight with me, Peducaei a. multum 
apud me valet, Cic : @ mere note-loolc 
has not the same force and a. as a 
ledger, eandem vim a.que non habent 
adversaria quam tabulae, Cic.: to weaken 
a,,a. imminuere, Cic. Phr.: they had 
very great a. in the state, in republica 
plurimum pollebant, Caes.: they knew 
not what a. virtue possessed, ignari erant 
quid virtus valeret, Cic.: v. INFLUENCE, 
Il. Warrant, permission: auctéri, 
tas: he had madea tiealy without the 
a. of the senate, sine senatus a. foedus 
fecerat, Cic.: the discourse seems to ad- 
duce a. for sinning, oratio videtur a. 
afferre peccandi, Cic.: be assured that I 
write to you with his concurrence and a., 
sic habeto, me de illius ad te sententia 
atque auctoritate scribere, Cic. Phr.: 
you will get a. from Caesar to absent 
yourself, impetrabis a Caesare ut tibi ab- 
esse liceat, Cic.: laugh at and despise all 
those persons on my a., omnes istos, me 
auctore, deridete atque contemnite, Cic. 
IV. Those or that on whose credit or 
testimony belief is founded: 1, auctor 
Polybius a good a., Polybius bonus a., 
Cic.: he ascertained this on sure a., haec 
certis auctoribus comperit, Caes. 9. 
auctOritas: you despise a.s and contend 
by reasoning, auctoritates contemnis, Ta 
tione pugnas, Cic.: a. prevailed without 
reasoning, sine ratione valebat a., Cic. 
neglecting a.s, we may search out the 
truth by fact and argument, omissis a. 
ipsa re et ratione exquirere possumus 
veritatem, Cic. YY. Those whocxercise 
the powers of government: esp. in pl 
the authorities : 1, impéria, ornum 
(esp. of militurya.): the military and 
civil a.s must go out of the city, imperia, 
potestates ex urbe exeunto, Cic.: Caes. 
2. potestas: summoned by a magis- 
trate or by some lawful a., a magistratu 
aut ab aliqua p. legitima evocatus, Cic. 
3, magistratus; qui miagisiratui 
praeest, qui magistratum habet: v. Ma- 
GISTRATE, 
authorization :v. avTHority (I11.); 
TO AUTHORIZE. 
authorize: to give authority to or 
auctoritatem 
facio s. do (with dat. of person): 
they a.d the painter to choose which he 
pleased, pictori quas vellet eligendi p. 
dederunt, Cic.. we a. the corporate towns 
to shut out Antony, municipiis ad exclu- 
dendum Antonium auctoritatem dams, 
Cic. Phr.: it is the province of the 
augurs to a. or to forbid the transaction 
of business with the people, augurum est 
cum populo agendi jus aut dare aut non 
dare, Cic. Q, Simly. in pass., to be au- 
thorized may be expr. by potestatem, or 
jus habere: he is a.d and empowered to 
command in Syria, imperandi in Syria 
jus potestatemque habet, Cic.: v. TO 
EMPOWER. Phr: this shall be ez- 
plained afterwards, if you a. me, id 
postea, si per vos licitum erit, aperietur, 
Cic.: to a. to commit sin, peccandi auc- 
toritatem afferre, Cic.: this the Corne- 
lian laws do not a., hoc Corneliae leges 
non sanciunt, Cic.: (Vv. SANCTION) 
nothing pleased Clodius which was 
either a.d by nature or allowed by the 
laws, Clodium nihil delectabat quod aut 
per naturam fas esset aut per leges 
liceret, Cic.: the a.d version of the 
Scriptures, *Scripturarum  sacrarum 
translatio de publica auctoritate facta 
I ad that report, *ego illius rumoris 
auctor fui: *. AUTHOR. 
authorship: Pbhr.: to prove the a. 
of the book, * probare ab aliquo esse li 
brum scriptum: the a. of this work is 
39 


AUTOBIOGRAPHER 


AVERAGE 


AVOID 





disputed, *4e hujus libri auctore adhuc 
sub judice lis est: v. AUTHENTICITY. 
autobiographer: suarum rerum 
gestarum scriptor, Cic. 
autobiography: *liber, quem ali- 
quis de vita sua scripsit. Phr.: fo 
write an a., *suas res gestas scribere ; 
librum de sua vita scribere. 
autocracy: Vv. DESPOTISM. 
autocrat: dominus: v. DESPOT. 
autocratic: v. DESPOTIC. 
auto-da-fe : lit. * actus fidei (eccl.) : 
1.€. baereticorum combustio. 2 
autograyh (adj.): 1, manu (mea, 
tua, etc.) scriptus: I think you have 
never before read a letler from me that 
was not a., nunquam ante arbitror te 
epistolam meam legisse, nisi mea manu 
scriotam, Cic.: an a. letter of Timar- 
chides, epistola ‘Timarchidis manu 
scripta, Cic. 9, autogriphus: an a. 
letter, epistola autographa, Suet. 
autograph (subs.) : 1, manus, 
iis, f.: he recognized his a., cognovit m. 
suam, Cic. 9, chirdgraphum (v. 
HAND-wRITING): J 1ill give all thea.s to 


you, omnia c. tibidabo, Cic. 3, auto- 
graphum : Symm. 
automatic: autimitarius: Paul. 


Dig. (used as descriptive of the class of 
instruments called automata): v. IN- 
VOLUNTARY. 

automaton: autimiton, i, .: Vitr. 

autopsy ; autopsia: M.L.: or, *cada- 
veris inspectio a medico facta. 

autumn: auctumnus: unhealthy a., 
gravis a., Caes.: fruit-bearing a., pomifer 
a., Hor.: about the middle of a., a. 
aduito, Tac. 

autumnal: 1, auctumnilis, e: 
the a. equinox, aequinoctium a., Liv.: a. 
light, a. lumen, Cic. 2, auctumnus 
(poet.): a. cold, a. frigus, Ov. Phr.: 
to be a. (as of the season or wind): 
auctumno, rt: Plin.: incept. auctumne- 
scit, 3 (to become a.): Capell. 

auxiliary (adj.): 1, auxiliaris, e- 
a. waves, a. undae, : a. cohorts, a. 
cohortes, Caes. 9, auxiliarius: an a. 
cohort, a. cohors, Cic.: Sall. Phr.: an 
a. force, auxilium: ‘l'ac.: Ov.: esp. in 
pl., which is used almost exclusively in 
this sense. Cic.: Caes 

auxiliary (subs.): adjiitor: v. HELPER. 

auxiliaries (milit.): 1, auxi- 
Tiares milites, or simply, auxiliares 
(rare) ; Caes. Q, auxilia, orum: Caes. : 

ic. 8, sdcii: v. atures. Phr.: 
the pay of a., stipendia auxiliaria, Tac. 

avail (v.): |. To make use of: 
itor, Usus, 3 (with abl.): they stated that 
they would a. themselves of that offer, ea 
conditione se usuros ostendebant, Caes. : 
Ta. myself of your judgment, tuo judicio 
utor, Cic.: v. TO USE. Il. To assist, 
profit, have force: 1, prosum, fui 
(with dat.) : my letter willa. you nothing, 
nihil tibi literae meae proderunt, Cic. : 
what does it a. me to feign? quid 
mihi fingere prodest? Ov. 9, viléo, 
2 (either absol. or with prep.) : fortune 
ad greatly for avoiding the danger, ad 
periculum vitandum multum fortuna 
valuit, Caes.: whatever is the definition 
of man, one a.s for all, quaecunque est 
hominis definitio, una in omnes v., Cic. : 
poisons a. less, minus venena v., Hor. 
(v. EFFECTUAL): Tue a@.s as an antidote, 
ruta pro antidoto v., Plin.: v. To 
PROFIT, SERVE, BE USEFUL. 

avail (suls.): perhaps only in phr. 
“to be of (no) avail,” Lat. usui esse, 
valere, etc.: one thing was of great a., 
una erat magno usui res, Caes.: does 
not this seem to be of a. against you? 
hoc nonne videtur contra te valere? 
Cic.: to be of less a., minus valere, Hor. : 
to be of no a. whatever, *ne minimum 
quidem prodesse, valere: nullam vim 
habere: v. TO AVAIL (II.) 

available: Phr.: they had fresh 
troops a. for rendering assistance, in 
expedito habebant integras copias ad 
opem ferendam, Liv.: he sent all the a. 
troops to the assistance of the legion, 
*omnes copias quae ad manum (07 in 
promptu) erant, auxilio legioni misit: I 
don't think that argument is a. for your 

60 


Faction: 








purpose, “nor puto te posse eo argumento 
uti ; non puto ea a te facere, esse. 

availableness: Phr.: thevalue of 
a thing is in proportion to its a., *quo 
promptior ad usum quaeque res, eo 
pluris est. 

availably;: Phr.: nothing was a. 
at hand, *nibil erat promptum ad usum. 

avalanche; nivis casus, Liv. 21, 35. 

avarice: 1, Avaritia: Ter.: Cic.: 

or. 2, aviditas (rare): Cic.: v. 
COVETOUSNEsS. (Other expr. are, auri 
[sacra] fames, Virg.; amor nummi, or 
amor habendi, Hor.) 

avaricious: 1, varus: Cic.: 

or.: Tac. 2, avidus (where the con- 
text limits the word): Cic.: Hor.: v. 
COVETOUS. 

avariciously: ‘ivaré: Cic.: Sen.: 
Vv. COVETOUSLY. 

avaunt: 1, apage! PI. 2. 
abi: Pl.: Ter. : v. BEGONE. 

avenge: i.e. to take or obtain satis- 
|. For the injured pevson or 
thing : 1. ulciscor, ultus, 3 (the most 
usu. word: in some forms it is used ina 
passive sense): with which arms you 
may a. yourself, quibus armis possis te 
u., Cic.: to a. one’s slaughtered brothers, 
caesos fratres u., Ov.: to a. one’s falling 
country, cadentem patriam u., Virg. 
they punished their mother in order to a. 
their father, patris ulciscendi causa 
supplicium de matre sumpserunt, Cic. 

2, exséquor, séciitus, 3 (prop. with 

ref. to the offence: v. infr. II.) : has my 


Sather been killed ? I will a. him, pater 


caesus est? exsequar, Sen. 3, par- 
ento, I (prop. to offer sacrifices to the 
dead ; hence only of avenging death; 
the person whose death is avenged, in 
dat.): to a. Roman citizens, civibus 
Romanis p., Caes.: the king must be a.d 
by the blood of the comspirators, paren- 
tandum regi sanguine conjuratorum, 
Liv. : Ov. 4, vindico, r (rare): toa. 
any one thoroughly, aliquem valde v., 
Cic.: Tac.: with refl. pron. and prep. ab: 
I aught to a. myself on him, me ab illo 
vindicare debeo, Sen.: v. also TO TAKE 
REVENGE ON. Il. Hor the offence com- 
mitted : 1, ulciscor, 3: Caesar ad 
his private wrongs, Caesar privatas in- 
jurias ultus est, Caes.: to a. the uncle’s 
death, patrui mortem u., Cic.: also as 
pass. : let whatever cannot be a.d without 
shedding the blood of citizens be allowed 
to have been legally done, quidquid sine 
sanguine civium ulcisci nequitur, jure 
factum sit, Sall.- Hor. 2. exséquor, 
3: toa. the violated rights of gods and 
men, deorum hominumque violata jura 
e., Liv. 8. perséquor, 3: to a. any 
one’s death, mortem alicujus p., Cic.: 
Caes. 4. vindico, 1: to a. an evil 
deed, maleficium v., Cic.: to a. the death 
of Crassus, necem Crassi v., Ov. 5. 
punio, 4: anger is an eager desire to a. 
pain, iracundia est cupiditas puniendi 
doloris, Cic.: Vv. TO PUNISH.—NOTE. 
Ulciscor conveys precisely the same 
notion as the English revenge, vengeance : 
exsequor and persequor signify to follow 
a thing up, not to let it vest: vindico 
denotes rather the assertion of right (v 
TO CLAIM) than the gratification of a 
feeling of revenge: punio is usu. = to 
punish; q. Vv. 

avenger: 1, ultor: the a. of our 
wrongs, nostrarum injuriarum u., Cic. : 
Virg. 2. vindex, icis: the as of 
crimes (the Furies), vindices scelerum, 
Cic.: the a. of a parent, v. parentis, Ov. 

8. punitor: Cic.; v. PUNISHER. 

avenging (adj.) : 1. ultrix, icis 
a. goddesses, ultrices deae, Sen.: a. 
cares, ult. curae, Virg.: a. weapons, u. 
tela, Stat. 2. vindex, icis (poet.): a. 
punishment, v. poena,Cat.: a. flame, v. 
flamma: Ov. 

avenue: |. 4 passage, approach ; 
q. Vv. I]. An alley or walk in a gar- 
den: (?) xystus: Cic.; Plin. ep.: *am- 
bulatio quae inter arbores utrimque dis- 
positas jacet. 

aver: affirmo. v. TO AFFIRM. 

average (subs.): *quod medium 
est inter maximum et minimum (cf, 





Thucyd. 1, 10, 7 mécov mpos Tas peyi- 
oTas Kat éAaxioras): Phr.: to strike 
an a., peraeque ducere, Varr. R.R. 3, 
16, med. : he used tocarry to the account 
of expenses in his day-book not more 
than 3000 asses per month on an a., non 
amplius quam terna millia aeris, perae- 
que in siugulos menses ex ephemeride 
expensum sumptui ferre solitus est, 
Nep. Att. 13. 
average (adj.): *médius inter maxi- 
mum minimumque. 
average (v.): Phr.: their returns 
From honey used to average not less than 
Io,000 sestertia, nunquam minus, ut 
peraeque ducerent, dena millia sestertia 
ex melle recipere sunt soliti, Varr. 
averment: affirmatio: Cic.: Caes.: 
V. AFFIRMATION. 
averse: |. Disinclined to, dis- 
liking: 1, alignus (with dat., or abl. 
with ab): he is more a. to me, a me est 
alienior, Cic.: a. to ambition, a. ambi- 
tioni, Sen. 2. aversus (with ab. or 
dat.): a. to truth, a. a vero, Cic.: a. to 
traffic, a. mercaturis, Hor. 3, piger, 
gra, grum (slow: with ad): a nation 
very a. to military labours, gens piger- 
Tima ad militaria opera, Liv.: Hor. 
4. fiigiens, entis (with gen.): a. to 
labour, f. laboris, Caes. I]. Cnfa- 
vourable; q. V.: V. AVERSE, TO BE. 
—-—, to be: abhorréo, 2 (with 
ab): to be a. to marriage, ab nuptiis (are 
uxoria) a., Ter.: to be a. to writing, a 
scribendo a., Cic. 
aversion: |, Disinclination, dis- 
ike : 1, ddium: JZ have conceived a 
great a. to the thing, magnum me rei o. 
cepit, Cic.: Vv. HATRED. Fig.: radishes 
have a great a. to the vine, o. raphanis 
cum vite maximum, Plin. 9. fiiga 
(with gen.): a.to death, leti f., Hor.: a. 
to poverty, paupertatis f., Hor.: Cic. 
3, Aliénatio (i.e. estrangement): a. 
to Vitellius, in Vitellium a., Tae. 4. 
déclinatio (a shrinking from): an a. to 
labour, laboris d., Cic. I]. A cause of 
dislike: ddium (in dat.): to be an a. te 
any one, odio esse alicui, Pl.: Cie. 


avert: |. Yo turn aside or away; 
q. V.: averto, amoéveo. Il. Zo keep 
off, prevent : 1, dépello, pili, pulsum, 


3: toa. mminent danger, instans peri- 
culum d., Nep.: to a. fire and sword 
from altars and hearths, ab aris et focis 
ferrum flammamque d., Cic. 2, amo- 
lior, 4 (implying effort): to a. an accu- 
sation from any one, crimen ab aliquo 
a., Tac.: to a. disgrace, dedecus a., Tac. 
3, averrunco, r (an old religious 
term): to a. prodigies, prodigia a., Liv. 
4, proctiro, 1 (by sacrifice): to a. 

prodigies, monstra p., Cic.: Phaédr. 5, 
prohibéo, 2 (said of the gods): which 
may the gods a., quod di probibeant, 
Ter.: O gods a. the threats! dii prohi- 
bete minas, Virg.: v. TO WARD OFF3 
FORBID. 6, défendo, prodpulso: v. To 
WARD OFF. 

aviary: aviarium: Varr. 

avidity: ividitas: a. for drink and 
food, potionis et cibi a., Cic.: a. for 
glory, gloriae a., Cic.: v. EAGERNESS, 
GREEDINESS. With a., Avidé: v. EAGERLY. 

avocation: Officium: négotia (pl.): 
Vv. OCCUPATION, VOCATION. 

avoid: 1, fiigio, fuigi, 3: toa. the 
sight of the multitude, conspectum mul- 
titudinis f., Caes.: J a. no one, neminem 
f., Liv.: Hor.: toa. no wzation, nullam 
molestiam f., Cic.: too intimate friend- 
ships should be a.’d, fugiendae sunt 
nimiae amicitiae, Cic.: rarely with inf: 
Vv. TO FORBEAR. Hence, fveq. fiigito, r: 
te make repeated efforts to avoid: tobe 
in the habit of a.ing one’s master, herum 
fugitare, Ter.: Plin.: they studiously a. 
an investigation, quaestionem fugitant, 
Cic. 2, déftigio, fagi, 3 (stronger 
than the simple verb): to a. speaking 
with any one, alicujus sermonem d., 
Caes.: to a. giving battle, proelium d., 
Caes. (v. also P hr.) 3. vito 1 (de- 
noting simple avoidance ; whereas fugio 
and its derivatives imply active and 
energetic flight from): to a. all suspi- 
cions, omnes suspiciones v., Caes.: fo 





7 


AVOIDABLE 


AWAY 








vices, vitia v., Cic.: you a. me, Chloe, 
like a young doe, vitas hinnuleo me 
similis, Chloe, Hor.: with inf. (poet.) : 
let him a. touching writings, tangere 
vitet scripta, Hor 4, dévito, I 
(stronger than simple verb): to a. pain, 
dolorem d., Cic.: Hor. 5, Evito, 1 
(= devito): toa. causes of ictons, 
causas suspicionum e., Cic.: to a. pain, 
dolorem e., Cic.: Hor. 6, déclino, 1 
(i. e. to lean aside so as to escape: both 
as trans, and with prep.): I thought 
those things should be a.’d if I could 
honourably a. them, ea declinanda pu- 
tavi, si honeste vitare possem, Cic.: in 
order to a. envy, ad declinandam invi- 
diam, Suet.: we must carefully a. them 
(i.e. small faults), ab iis est diligentius 
declinandum, Cic. Join: fugere, vi- 
tare, declinare aliquid, Cic. 7, aversor, 
1 (¢o turn away from with dislike): to 
a, suppliants, petentes a., Ov.: to a. 
ooversation, sermonem a., Tac. 8, 
@lado, liisi, lisum, 3 (Vv. TO ELUDE): 
to a. a battle, pugnam e., Liv. (v. TO 
DECLINE). Phr.: [was determined toa. 
ambition, fugax ambitionis eram, Ov.: to 
a. giving battle, oe proelium, de- 
wectare, Liv.: Just.: Tac.; also proe- 
lium defugere, Caes. When to avoid is 
in Eng. followed by another verb, it may 
be expr. by nolo: as, he a.’d seniling me 
to the school of Flavius, noluit in Flavi 
ludum me mittere, Hor. also some- 
times by fugio (v. TO FORBEAR): Vv. TO 
ESCAPE, SHUN. 

avoidable: 1. évitabilis, e: a. 
missiles, e. tela, Ov.: a. evils, e. mala, 


Sen. 2. quod effugi, etc., potest: v. 
TO AVOID. 
avoidance: 1, fiiga: the a. of 


labours and pains, laborum et dolorum 
f., Cic.: the a. of danger, periculi f., 
Virg. Q. déclinatio : the a. of danger, 
d. periculi, Cic. 3, vitatio: the a. of 
pain, doloris v., Cic. 4, évitatio: the 
a. of evils, malorum e., Quint. : Sen.— 
Nore. For the distinction between the 
above, compare the corresponding verbs 
under to avoid. 
avouch; affirmo: 
ALLEGE. 
avow: fiteor: v. 
KNOWLEDGE, DECLARE. 
avowal: confessio: an a. of igno- 
rance, ¢. ignorationis, Cic.: an a. of a 
fault, culpae c., Liv.: Vv, CONFESSION, 
ACKNOWLEDGMENT. 
avowed (adj.):_ 1, professus: an 
a. fault, culpa p., Ov.: the a. leader (of 
Greece), dux p., Just. 2. apertus 
ye open: q.v.): we have driven him 
rom concealed snares into a. robbery, 
illum ex occultis insidiis in a, latroci- 
nium conjecimus, Cic. 
avowedly: 1. dperté: pains are 
a. and openly taken that words may cor- 
Te to words, a.ac palam elaboratur 
ut verba verbis respondeant, Cic. a 
ex professo: a man a. effeminate, vir 
ex p. mollis, Macr.: a. to seek after 
anything, aliquid ex p. petere, Sen.: 
also de professo: Apul. 3, ex con- 
fesso: things which are a. disgraceful, 
quae ex c. sunt turpia, Quint. 
await: |. Zo wait for: 1, 
exspecto, I: Vv. TO WAIT FOR. a 
manév, mansi, mansum, 2 (implying 
Jirmness): he a.’d the arrival of the 
enemy, hostium adventum mansit, Liv. 
3, Oppérior, oppertus and oppéritus, 
4 (to hold oneself in readiness for : with 
ace.): a.ing his magnanimous foe, mag- 
panimum opperiens hostem, Virg.: v. 
TO WAIT FOR. [|]. Zo be in stove for: 
1, exspecto, 1 (poet.): a calm old 
age a.s me, me tranquilla senectus ex- 
spectat,Hor. 2, m&néo, 2 (with acc.): 
death a.s every one, Mors quemque m., 
Prop. : his (Clodius’s) fate a.s thee, cujus 
te fatum m., Cic.: uvhat a.s the con- 
quered? quae manent victos? Liv. 
8, resto, stiti, 3 (with dat.): what 
mow at length a.s me? quidjam mihi 
denique restat? Virg. 
awake (".): A. Trans: |, 
To rouse from sleep: 1, excito, 5 


Vv. TO ASSERT, 


TO CONFESS, AC- 


(asu. with e somno): to a. the drowsy | 
I 


spectators, dormientes spectatores e 
somno e., Pl.: pray do not a.me, quaeso 
ne me e somno excitetis, Cic. Fig.: 
you would have awaked his father from 
the dead, patrem ejus a mortuis excit- 
asses, Cic. 9. suscito, 1 (usu. with 
some defining expression): my wife a.s 
me, uxor me somno s., Pl.: Cic.: he 
a.s you from gentle repose, te quiete e 
molli suscitat, Cat. 3, exsuscito, 1 
(stronger than the simple verb: v. To 
AROUSE): the crowing of cocks a.8 you, 
te gallorum cantus e., Cic. 4, exper- 
géfacio, féci, factum, 3 (with e somno): 
hewas avaked from sleep, expergefactus 
est e somno, Suet. Il. To rouse from 
inattention or inaction: ¥. TO AROUSE, 
ROUSE. B, Intrans.: expergiscor, 
perrectus, 3: if you are asleep, awake! 
si dormis, expergiscere ! Cic.: Iawoke at 
daybreak, simul cum sole experrectus 
sum, Cic.: Hor. Fig.: the nobility 
having awoke, restored the constitution, 
experrecta nobilitas rempublicam recu- 
peravit, Cic. Phr.: hedeparted, I awoke, 
ille discessit, ego somno solutus sum, 
Cic.: I a., excutior somno, Virg. (also to 
a. may generally be expr. by the pass. of 
verbs to a.[trans.]: q.Vv-): Vv. TO WAKE. 

awake (adj.): 1, vigilans, antis: 
a pilot asleep or a., gubernator dormiens 
vel v., Cic. 9, vigil: being a. before 
sunrise, I ask for pen and paper, prius 
orto sole vigil calamum et chartas posco, 
Hor. 

awake, to be, or to keep: 1. 
Vigilo, 1: you keep a. till day-light, 
usque ad lucem vigilas, Ter.: I had been 
a. till late at night, ad multam noctem 
vigilaram, Cic. pervigilo, 1: to 
remain a, all night, noctem p., Cic.: v. 
SLEEPLESS. 

awaken: Y. TO AWAKE. 

awakener: 1, suscitator: Tert. 

2, *qui e somno excitat, etc.: v. TO 
AWAKE. 

award (v.): |. Legally : 1. 
addico, dixi, dictum, 3: the praetor will 
a. the whole gang of slaves to you, 
addicet praetor familiam totam tibi, PI. : 
Cic. Q, adjiidico, 1: the house had 
been a.’d to us, domus nobis adjudicata 
erat, Cic.: Vv. TO ADJUDGE, DECREE. 

|]. Less formally: to assign, or 
bestow : 1, tribio, ii, itum, 3 (esp. 
to a. as due): you shall a. the second 
share to me, secundam (partem) tribuctis 
mihi, Phaedr.: to a. prizes for crimes, 
sceleribus praemia t., Sall.: Ov. Q, 
assigno, f: V. TO ASSIGN. 

award (subs.) : 1, addictio (a. of 
the praetor): Cic. 2. arbitrium (of 
an arbitrator): a judgment is one thing, 
an a, another, aliud est judicium, aliud 
arbitrium, Cic.: v. JUDGMENT, SENTENCE. 

aware: gnarus: well a. that Han- 
nibal had in some instances paid for 
permission to pass, satis g. Hannibalem 
transitus quosdam pretio mercatum, 
Liv.: Plin.: also as pass.: Caesar be- 
came a. of that, gnarum id Caesari, Tac. : 
V. ACQUAINTED WITH. Phir: not a. of 
the impending misfortunes, imprudens 
impendentium malorum, Cic.: v. KNOW- 
ING, INFORMED. 

——, to be: sentio, sensi, sensum, 
4: Ihave never, so far at least as Iam 
a., offended him in even the smallest 
matter, nunquam illum ne minima qui- 
dem re offendi, quod quidem senserim, 
Cic.: they are a. that 1 know what they 
are meditating, quid cogitent me scire 
sentiunt, Cic.: the enemy became a. of 
their departure, hostes de eorum profec- 
tione senserunt, Caes. Phr.: you are 
a. how difficult that is, illad quam sit 
difficile non te fugit, Cic.: the madman 
is not a. of this, hominem amentem hoc 
fugit, Cic.: I am a. that I have been in- 
sensibly led too far, non me praeterit 
me longius prolapsum esse, Cic.: J am 
a. that there is utility in history, non 
sum inscius esse utilitatem in historia, 
Cic.: not to be a,, nescire: v. TO BE 
IGNORANT : to become @., cognosco, certior 
fieri: v. TO LEARN, ASCERTAIN, BE IN- 
FORMED. 


away when this word quaiifies 


verbs, it is generally expr. in Latin by 
the prefix a or 4b: e.g. to carry a., 
auferre; to snatch a., abripere ; to bea, 
abesse. It is sometimes used in com- 
mands elliptically for “‘ go away,” “take 
away ;”’ and must then be translated by 
the imperative of the proper Latin verb: 
e.g. : a. with you, scoundrel! abi bine, 
scelus! Ter.: a. with tears, aufer abhine 
lacrimas, Lucr.: a. with the barbarous 
fashion, morem tollite barbarum, Hor 
For such sentences as “ J cannot away 
with this trifling,” where the meaning 
is “* J cannot endure,’’ v. ENDURE. 

awe (subs.): 1, formido, inis, f 
(applied to all strong fear or dread, q. v.: 
hence needing something in the context, 
or some adjunct to make it express the 
Eng.): a forest consecrated by the 
auguries of their fathers and olden a., 
silva auguriis patrum et prisca f. sera, 
Tac.: worshipped with a., formidine 
cultus, Si. Fig.: casiets full of silent 
a., plenae tacita f. cistae, Val .Fl.: to in- 
spire with a., f. alicui injicere, Cic. 2. 
révérentia: a. of the (Roman) empire 
(as entertained by the barbarians), r. 
imperii, Tac.: v. REVERENCE, RESPECT. 

8, métus, timor: v. FEAR. Phr.: 

to standina.of: (i). vétéor, 2 (v. TO 
FEAR, REVERENCE): to stand in a. of the 
gods, deos v., Cic.: his slaves feared him, 
his children stood in a. of him, metue- 
bant eum servi, verebantur liberi, Cic 
(ii). révéréor, 2 (v. TO REVERENCE): J 
stand in a. of my son, filium r., PL: 
Liv. (iii). vénéror, 1 (v TO WorRSHIP): 
to stand in a. of the gods, deos v., Cic.: 
to stand in a. of the temples of a god, 
templa dei v., Virg. 

awe(v.): Phr.: the unusual silence 
a.d those who approached nearer, pro- 
pius adeuntibus insolitum silentium ad- 
mirationem fecit, Liv.: he a.d the unfor 
tunate people, formidinem miseris injic- 
iebat, Cic.: Caesar led his army acioss 
the Rhine to a. (overawe) the Germans, 
Caesar exercitum Rhenum transduxerat 
ut Germanis metum injiceret, Caes. 

awestruck (a4j.): 1, pividus 
v. Liv. 21, 22: V. AFRAID. 2. pavé- 
factus: a. bosoms (of those in attend- 
ance at Delphi), p. pectora, Ov.: Sen. 


poet. 3, pavens: Ov.: SalL 
awful: |, Full of awe: v. awe- 
STRUCK. |]. Awe-inspiring : L: 
véréndus: a! majesty, Vv. majestas, Ov.: 
the a. senate, verendi patres, Ov. 2 


formidblosus: regions noisome, foul, a. 
(in Tartarus), loca tetra, foeda, f., Sall: 
V. FORMIDABLE, DREADFUL. Phr.: a 
gloomy, a. grove, caligans nigra formi- 
dine lucus, Virg.: Vv. AWE. 

awfully; v. REVERENTLY, 
FULLY 

awfulness: formido; majfestas: v. 
AWE, VENERABLENESS, SOLEMNITY. 

awhile: 1, paulisper (for a little 
while): Yer.: Cic. 2. pirumper 
(just for a moment): Cic.: Virg.: v. 
WHILE. 


awkward: 


FEAR- 


|, Not dexterous : laev- 


us: impéritus: V. UNSKILFUL. Il. Zn- 
elegant, clumsy: 1, rusticus: a. hands 
in gesticulation), Yr. manus, Quint.: 


ic. 9. riidis, e: Ennius very great 
in genius, but a. in ait, Ennius ingenio 
maximus, arte r., Ov.: an a style, r. 
stilus, Quint.: to be a. in anything, rud- 
em esse in re aliqua, Cic. 8, agrestis: 


Cie. Join: rusticus et agrestis: v. 
INELEGANT, CLUMSY. 
awkwardly: 1, rusticé: to do 


anything a., aliquid r.agere, Cic.: a. cus 
(of the beard), rusticius tonsus, Hor. 
Q, agresté (app. found in compar. 
only): to deliver a speech somewhat 
a., orationem agrestius pronuntiare, 
Spart. 3, inscité (unskil/ully) : ships 
a. made, naves i. factae, Liv. 4, 
diré, diritér: v. HARSHLY, STIF®LY. 
awkwardness: 1, rusticitas : 
that was a., not modesty, r. non pudor 
ille fuit, Ov. 2, impéritia, inscitia; 
V. UNSK!ILFULNESS, INELEGANCE. 
awl; stibiila: Mart.: Pall. 
awn: irista: Varr.: Sen. 
awning: 1, vélum p= to 
I 


AWRY 





shade the forum with an a., velis forum 
§numbrare, Plin.: to put an a, over a 
theatre, vela in theatro ducere, Plin. : 
sky-blue, star-decorated a.s, vela colore 
coeli, stellata, i’lin.: Ov.: Prop. 4 
velarium: Juv. 3, carbisus, i, f-: 
Lucr. 4, inductio: Vitr. Phr.: to 
gut ana.over the uhole forum, totum 
forum integere, Plin. 19, 1, 65 4. v- 

awry: perverse: a chair placed 4., 
alia p. collocata, Suet. Phr.: she puts 
on her false hair a., perversas mduit 
comas, Ov.: Vv. OBLIQUELY. 

axe: 1, séciris, is, f. (the most 
general name): to strike with an a., i.e. 
io behead, securi ferire, Liv.: Hor.: of a 
battle a.: Virg.: Hor. 9. séciiricila 
(a smalla): Pl.: Plin. 3. bipennis, 
is, f. (a double a.): Virg.: Hor.: Tac. 

4, ddlabra (a pick-a.): Liv.: Col. 
5, ascia: Vv ADZE. 

axe-bearing: sécurifer, or sécuri- 

r: Ov. 

axilla (botan. ¢. t.): ala: Plin. 
el (botan, ¢. ¢.): axillaris, e: 


axiom :i.e.@ self-evident proposition : 
1, maxima propositio, or simply 

maxima: Boeth.: v. Sir. W. Hamilton’s 
Reid, p. 766. (Hence the Eng. maxim ; 
q. V-) 9. pronuntiatum : so used in 
M.L. (v. Sir W. H. J. ¢.), but in Cic. like 
effatum, used to represent aédwya in its 
sense of preposition generally (“ id est 
prouuntiatum quod est verum aut fal- 
sum,” Tuse. t, 7, 14). (Sir W. H. gives 
the following equivalents among others : 
effatum fide dignum: rata, firma sen- 
tentia, ib. p. 764. For the sake of per- 
spicuity it may be necessary to use 
axiom which, however, as a Latin word, 
has only modern authority.) 

axis, axle: axis, is, m.: the a. of 
the sky, a. coeli, Cic.: the earth is sup- 
ported on its a., terra axe sustinetur, 
Cic. Tim. 10: the axes of volutes, axes 
volutarum, Vitr The a. of asun-dial, 
axon, Onis, m.: Vitr. 

axle-tree; axis, is, m.: a beechen a., 
faginus a., Virg.: a small a., axiculus, 
Vitr. 

aye: Vv. YES, ALWAYS. 

azote: azotum: M. L. 

azure: coeruléus: Cic.: Virg. 


B. 


ABBLE (v.): |. To talk foolishly : 
1, balbitio, 4 (prop. to stammer 
and stutter): Epicurus b.ing about the 
nature of the gods, Epicurus balbutiens 
de natura deorum, Cic. 2. blatéro, 
1 (noisily): you b. with great noise, 
magno blateras clamore, Hor.- with 
acc.: to b. foolishly, stulta b. Gell. 
3, déblaitéro, 1 (stronger than the 
simple verb): PI. I, To tall: much: 
garrio, 4: Cic.: Hor.: v.TO CHATTER. 
babble (suwbs.) : V. BABBLING. 
babbler: 1, garriilus (prop. an 
adj.): avoid a questioner, for he is a b. 
too, percontatorem fugito, nam g. idem 
est, Hor. 9, blatéro, Onis: Gell. 
3, seminiverbius: Vulg. (Gr. o7ep- 
podoyos, Acts xvii. 18). 
babbling (24).): 1, garritlus: 
Fig.: ab. brook, g. rivus, Ov.. the b. 
lyre, g. lyra, Tib.: Vv. CHATTERIXG, 
TALKATIVE. 9, loquax: Fig.: b. 
waters, |. lymphae, Hor. 
babbling (subs.) : usu. expr. by verb: 
as, cease your b., *desine bliterare: 
there was an immense b. on all sides, 
*undique stulta atque immodica blatera- 
bantur: v. TO BABBLE. 
baboon : *cynécéphilus: Cuv. 
baby. Dabe: infans (more compre- 
hensive than the Eng.): parvilus: v. 
INFANT, CHILD. 
babyhood: infantia (childhood; q. 
v.): Tac. : Quint. 
babyish: _infantilis. e (childish; q. 
v.): Just.: Ulp. 
bacchanal : 
bacchanalian: § 
female baccha: Ov. 
2 


(subs.): bacchans, 
antis: Ov.: a 











BACKBITING 


BAD 





bacchanalian (ady.): bacchanalis, 
e. Val. Max. Phr.: to live a b. life, 
bacchanalia vivere, Juv.: the . Sestivals, 
baccbanalia, ium, and iorum: Cic.: Liv. 
bacchic : 1, bacchicus: the 6. 
metre,metrum b.,Diom. 2, bacchius ° 
the b. foot (the bacchtius), b. pes, Ter. 
Maur. 
bachelor: |. 47” unmarried Man : 
1, coelebs, libis: what shall I, a b., 
do on the first of March? Martis c. 
quid agam calendis? Hor.: @ bachelor’s 
life, ceelebs vita, Hor. 9, puer, éri 


(cf. Fr. gargon): Ov. , One who | 
has obtained the lowest academical 
degree: baccilauréus: M.L. 


bachelorship: J. The unmarried 
state: coelebs vita: Hor. |, The 
academical rank of bachelor : baccilan- 
réatus, ds: M. L. 

back (subs.) : |. Of an animal 
(including mam) : j, tergum: fo be 
punished on the back and head ; i.e. to 
be scourged and beheaded, tergo ac 
capite puniri, Liv.: all the enemy turned 
their b.s, omnes hostes terga verterunt, 
Caes.: they had turned their b.s, terga 
dederant, Liv.: to bind a man’s hands 
behind his b.,hominis manus post tergum 
revincire, Virg.: the b.s of oxen, terga 
boum, Cic.: the god directed him not to 
concern himself about what was done at 
his back, i.e. behind him, deus illi 
praecepit quid a tergo fieret ne laboraret, 
Cic. Q, dorsum (prop. referring to 
the ridge of the spine): to fit one’s shield 
to one’s b., clipeum ad d. accommodare, 
Pl.: the horse shook not his rider from 
his b., nor the bit from his mouth, equus 
non equitem dorso, non frenum depulit 
ore, Hor.: v. RIDGE. Phr.: you are 
shameless, both front and b., et adversus 
et aversus impudicus es, Cic.: @ wound 
in the b., caecum vulnus, Virg. ; caecus 
ictus, Liv.: lying on my b., I gaze upon 
the sky, resupinus in coelo contueor, Att. 
ap. Cic.: Ov.: he snores, lying on his b., 
stertit supinus, Hor.: the boy lays hold 
of me behind by the robe, and throws me 
on my b., puer me pone apprehendit 
pallio, resupinat, ‘ler. : to malign any 
one behind his b., aliquem absentem 
rodere, Hor. Il. The part of any- 
thing opposite to the front: tergum 
(rare): to write on the margin and b. of 
a book, margine libri scribere et in tergo, 
Juv. Phr.: he writes upon the b. of 
the paper, scribit in aversa charta, Mart. : 
the b. of the head, pars capitis aversa, 
Plin.: the b. of a house, posticae aedium 
partes, Liv. : or simply, posticum, Vitr.: 
the b. of a couch, plutéus, Suet. Ill. 
The more distant part of a place: aver- 
sum, or more freq. aversa, orum: the b. 
of a city, aversa urbis, Liv.: the b. of 
an island, a. insulae, Liv. 

back (adject. prefix): posticus: 4 
b.-door, p. ostium, Pl.: v. BACK-DOOR : 
HIND (adj.). 

back (adv.): v. BACKWARDS. It is 
generally expr. by the prefix re or red ; 
as to go b., redire ; to Jall b., recidere ; 
to push b., repellere: Sor which v. TO 
GO BACK, etc. 

back (v.): A, Trans.: |, To move 
back: réjicio, jeci, jectum, 3: to b. the 
kids from a stream, capellas a flumine 
r, Virg. Phr.: to b. water, i.e. to row 
backwards or stern foremost : jnhibere, 
Liv. (cf. Cic. Att. 13, 21, 4, where the 
term is discussed): retro navem inhib- 
ere, Liv.; remisinhibere, Just. I. Zo 
support; q. V- B, Intrans.: togo 
b.; q.v. Phr.: this horse will not b., 
*hic equus repugnat quominus retror- 
sum agatur 

backbite : 
they b. at banquets, 


1, rédo, rosi, rosum, 3 : 
rodunt in conviviis, 
Cic.: more precisely, to b. a friend, ab- 
sentem amicum r., Hor. 9. vellico, 
I; Cic. Join: rodere et vellicare. 
3, maledico dente carpere, Cie. 
Phr.: they all envied, b.bit me, invidere 
omnes mihi, mordere clanculum, Ter.: 
v. TO SLANDER. 
backbiter: milédicus : v. SLANDERER. 
backbiting (swbs.): morsus, us: no 
me poisons my enjoyment with secret 











hatred and b., mea commoda non quis- 
quam odio obscuro morsuque venenat, 
Hor. ; v. SLANDER. 
back-board: pliitéus: Mart.: Suet. 
back-bone; spina: Cels.: Virg. 
back-door: 1, posticum ostium: 
Pl. 2, pusticum: Pl: Hor. 
posticiila (a small b.). Apul. 
back-gammon-board: tibula (lu- 
sdria), alvéus: v. BOARD. 
background (in paintings): absced- 
entia, ium: Vitr. Fig.: his modesty 
kept him in the b., *modestia ejus prohi- 
buit quominus clarus fieret; quominus 
primas (partes) ageret. 
backside: nates: clines: v. BUT- 
TOCKS. 
backslide: labor, lapsus, 3: Cy- 
prian: v. to GO ASTRAY, APOSTATIZE. 
backslider: lapsus; esp. in pl.: 
Cyprian: Eccles.; v. also APOSTATE, 
backstairs; scalae posticae : 
BACK (adj.). 
backward: (adj.): _ |, Reversed: 
siipinus ; the b. course (of rtvers), Ss. cur- 
sus, Ov.: the b. wave, unda s., Ov.- Mart. 
Il. Acerse, reluctant ; q. v.: piger. 
Il]. Slow, dull: piger, gra, grum . 
you seemed sometimes b., sometimes timid 
in military matters, interdum p., inter- 
dum timidus in re militari videbare, 
Cic. . b. in warfare, militiae piger, Hor. : 
v. SLOW, DULL. IV. Late; q. v. 
backwardness: tarditas, pigritia: 
vy. RELUCTANCE; LATENESS. 
backwards : |, With the back 
foremost: retro: to Tow a vessel b., retro 
inhibere navem, Liv.: v. TO BACK. 
Phr.. he dvagged the oxen by their tails 
b. into the cave, aversos boves caudis in 
xpeluncam traxit, Liv. ||, Towards 
the back, or in a contrary direction : 
J, retro: I follow the footsteps b., 
vestigia r. sequor, Virg.: lo tim one’s 
face b., ora r. flectere, Ov. Q. retror- 
sum: to sail b., r. vela dare, Hor.: to 
return b., yr. redire, Plin. 8. rursus: 
to fall b. from the top, a siummo TF. 
cadere, Pl.: Ter. Phr.: to sail b. and 
forwards, ultro citroque navigare, Cic. : 
to send ambassadors b. and forwards, 
ultro citroque legatos mittere, Caes. 
Ill, Zowards past times: retro: b. 
up to Romulus, r. usque ad Romulum- 
Cic.: Hor. V. In reverse order 
1, retro: from the lowest note k 
the highest and b. there are many gra- 
dations, ab ima voce ad summam ac r. 
multi sunt gradus, Quint. Q, retror 
sum: as you would say, men and women 
day and night, rather than b., ut viros 
ac feminas, diem ac noctem dicas potiue 
quam r., Quint. Phr: we have gone b., 
i.e. are in a worse condition, deteriore 
statu sumus, Cic. 
bacon ; Jaridum or lardum: IPE; 
Hor.: Plin. 
bad: 1, milus: comp. pejor ; sup. 
pessimus: bad goods (of a good for no- 
thing person), mala merx, Dlg 12) 
weight, malum pondus, Pl.: @ b. smell, 
m. odor, Hor.: a b. and worthless 
fellow, m. et nequam homo, Pl.: 0b. 
‘philosophers, m. philosopl.i, Cic.: a b. 
habit, m. consuetudo, Hor.: a very b. 
example, pessimum exemplum, Liv. : 
to have a b. opinion of any ome, m. opi- 
nionem de aliquo habere, Cic.: a b. 
citizen, m. civis, Quint.: b. poems, m. 
carmina, Hor.: a b. conscience, mM. con- 
scientia, Quint.: a b. and weak voice, 
m. et imbecilla vox, Quint. 2. im- 
probus (usu. in moral sense): @ b. dis- 
position, ingenium im., Plin.: a b. and 
treacherous man, im. homo et perfi- 
diosus, Cic.: a@ b. will, i.e. informal, 
im. testamentum, Cic.: b. bread, 1m. pa- 
nis, Mart. 3, pravus (prop. crooked, 
mis-shapen): a very b, rule, pravissima 
regula, Cic.: b. morals, p. mores, Sall.: 
a b. man, p. Vir, Sen. 4, perversus: 
ab. custom, p. mos, Cic.: V. PERVEBSE, 
WILFUL, 5, néquam (indec.): Vv. 
NOTHING, GOOD FOR. hr.: 6. wea- 
ther, tempestas adversa, Cic.; t. foeda 
(shockingly bad), Liv.: a b. road, vie 
iniqua, Liv.: a very 6. road, via deter- 
rima, Cic.: bad health, valetudo incom- 


v. 


BADGE 








moda, Cic. ; dura v., Hor.: to bring any | jumenta, Caes.: v. LUGGAGE. I. As 
em.): 


one b. news, acerbum nuntium alicui 

rferre, Cic.: 6. money, adulterini numi, 

ic.: to have a b. reputation, male au- 
dire, Cic.: v. FAULTY, WEKONG, WICKED. 

badge: 1, insigne, is, n.: Pom- 
pey having torn off the b.s of command, 
threw himself o-vt of the camp, Pompeius 
detractis in, imperatoriis se ex castris 
ejecit, Caes.: Cic. 9. infiila (late): 
the emperor’s b.s of honour, inf. impe- 
riales, Cod. Just. 3, fasces, ium, m. 
(special term for the consular badge of 
office): Cic.: Liv.: v. FASCES ; also, SIGN, 
TOKEN. 

badger: méles and miélis, is, f.: 
Plin.: *ursus meles: Linn. 

badinage: nigae, arum: away with 
your b.! auter nugas ! Pl.: a man pleased 
with such b., homo tantis delectatus n., 
Cic.: v. JOKE, RAILLERY. 

badly: 1, miilé: to smell b., m. 
olere, Cic.: may it go b. with you! tibi 
male sit, Cic.: to behave very b. to any 
one, in aliquem pessime consulere, Ter. : 
to manage a thing b., male rem gerere, 
Cic.: badly mauled, m. multatus, Cic. : 
Phaedr.. 2. improbé: why do I won- 
der if I am b. spoken of by the bad? 
quid ego miror si quid ab improbis de 
me im. dicitur? Cic. 3, pravé (prop. 
of that which is awry): a b. cut nail, 
p. sectus unguis, Hor.: b. made verses, 
p. facti versus, Hor. 4, sécus (lit. 
otherwise than well): there is a great 
consolation, even if it turn out b., magna 
consolatio est etiam si s. acciderit, Cic. : 
to speak b. of any one, de aliquo s. lo- 
gui, Tac.: to think b. of any one, de 
aliquo s. existimare, Cic.: v. WRONGLY, 
WICKEDLY. 

badness: 1, militia: b. of soil, 
terrae m., Pall.: fo please by virtue, not 
by b., virtute non m. placere, Sall.: the 
b. of so many generals, tot imperatorum 
m., Tac. 2, néquitia (prop. worth- 
lessness ; q. V.): the 6. of vinegar, aceti 
n., Plin.: set a limit to your b., nequi- 
tiae pone modum tuae, Hor. 3. im- 
probitas (usu. in moral sense: v. WICK- 
EDNESS): the b. of crab-apples, im. ma- 
lorum silvestrium, Plin. 

baffle: 1, éliido, si, sum, 3 tob. 
any one and in every possible way to 
disconcert him, aliquem e. et omni ra- 
tione jactare, Cic.: v. TO ELUDE. J 
contundo, tiidi, tiisum, 3 (prop. to break 
in preces: hence implying force, whereas 
eludo implies dexterity in escaping) : 
I have b.d and broken the boldness of 
the robber, contudi et fregi praedonis 
audaciam, Cic.: ‘eb. the threats of kings, 
minas regumc., Hor. Phr.: ab.d hope, 
spes ad irritum redacta, or, ad irritum 
cadens, Liv.: to go away b.d, re intecta 
abire, Liv.: he retwined home b.d, do- 
mum irritus rediit, Serv. : v. TO DEFEAT, 
FRUSTRATE. 

: 1, saccus: Pl.: Cic.: money 
bags, sacci numorum, Hor.: a@ small 
bag, saccilus: Juv.: Plin. 2. cu- 
leus (of leather, esp. for holding liquids) : 
PL: Cic.: Juv. 8. titer, utris, m. (of 
an animal’s skin): Caes.: Virg. 4, 
follis, is, m. (of leather, for money): 
Juv. 5, follicilus (@ small bag): 
to corn in small bags, folliculis 
frumentum vehere. Liv.: Cic. 6, re- 
tictlum (of network): Cic.: Hor. 

bagatelle: nigae: v. TRIFLE. 

baggage: |, Moveable goods of an 
army: 1, impédimenta, orum (denot- 
ing the baggage of the army collectively) : 
our men captured the b., impedimentis 
nostri potiti sunt, Caes.: to abandon the 
b., im. relinquere, Caes.: to lose the b., 
im. amittere, Caes.: a b. train, impedi- 
mentorum agmen, Tac. 9. sarcinae, 
arum (the bundles or knapsacks carried by 
the men individually) : to collect the b., 
sarcinas conferre,Caes.: Liv. 9, vasa, 
orum (the moveable goods of an army: 
esp. in the foll. phrases): to pack up the 
b., vasa colligere, Liv.: to raise the shout 
for packing up the b., vasa conclamare, 
Caes. Phr.: Caesar led six legions 
without b., Caesar sex legiones expedi- 
tas ducebat, Caes. ; b. animals, sarcinaria 


BAKE 





a term of abuse: 1, scélesta (j 
Ter. 2. scélus, éris: Pl. : Ter. 
bagnio: {, A bath; q. v.: bal- 
neum, I]. A brothel; q. v.: lipanar. 
bag-pipes: *tibiae ex utre inflatae. 
bag-piper: 1, ascaulés, is, m. 
(Gr. aoxavAns): Mart. 2. utriciila- 
rius: Suet. 
bail (».): J, To give bail for: 
1, spondeo, spépondi, sponsum, 2 
(in gen. to undertake formally, become 
surety; q.v.): to b. any one, i.e. to 
become bail for any one, pro aliquo s., 
Cic.: v. Dict. Ant. p. 11. 2. fidé- 
jtibeo, jussi, jussum, 2: Ulp. 8, fidé- 
promitto, misi, missum, 3: Gaius. (The 
verb fidejubeo implies a more serious 
and permanent responsibility than fide- 
promitto: v. Forcell. s. v. fidepromissor : 
both words seem to belong to the later 
terminology of Roman law.) Phr.: 
the other b’d him, vas factus est alter 
ejus sistendi, Cic.: will you deliver your- 
self to a tyrant for death by b.ing a 
Friend? vadem te ad mortem tyranno 
dabis pro amico? Cic. Il. Zo accept 
bail for (which, acc. to Roman law, was 
the part of the plaintiff or prosecutor) : 
viador, 1: he does not accept b. for the 
man at present, hominem in praesentia 
non vadatur, Cic.: the prosecutor b.’d 
the prisoner with so many sureties, tot 
vadibus accusator vadatus est reum, 
Liv. : v. BAIL (subs.). 
bail (subs.): |. The person who 
gives bail: 1, vas, vidis: the other 
became b. for his appearance, vas factus 
est alter ejus sistendi, Cic.: the other 
that he might release his b. was present 
at the hour appointed for his death, alter 
ut v. suum liberaret praesto fuit ad 
horam morti destinatam, Cic.: v. SURETY. 
2, appromissor: Dig. 3, fidé- 
jussor: Dig. 4, fidepromissor: Gaius. 
tl. Security for a legal appearance : 
. vadimonium : to take b., v. cap- 
ere, Ov.: to keep one’s b., v. sistere, 
Cic.: to forfeit one’s b., v. deserere, Cic. : 
to enlarge b., v. differre, Cic. i! 
sitisditio: Cic.: Gai. 8. fidéjussio: 
Dig.: v. SECURITY, SURETY. 
bailable: *pro quo vadimonium capi 
potest: * pro quo sponderi potest: v. 
BAIL, 
bail-bond: vidIm6nium: to draw 
up ab., v. concipere, Cic.: to settle a 
b., v. constituere, Cic. 
ailiff : |. The manager of a 
jarm: 1, villicus: Cic.: Hor.: a 
b.’s wife, villica: Cato: Juv. Q. of- 
ficiorum or operarum magister, Col. 
I]. am officer attached to a court of 
justice: apparitor: Cic. 
bait (subs.): 1, esca: Pl.: Mart. 
Fig.: Plato calls pleasure the b. of evils, 
Plato escam malorum appellat volup- 


tatem, Cic. 2, cibus: Tib.: Plin.: 
V. ALLUREMENT. 
bait (v.): |. Toapply a bait: Phr.: 


to bait hooks, cibis hamos illinere, Plin. : 
to bait a trap, *escam in nassa ponere. 
Il. To furnish animals with food 
ona jouiney. Phr.: tob. horses, *equis 
(jumentis) in itinere pabulum suppedi- 
tare; or *in itinere subsistere ut equis 
pabulum suppeditetur. Ill. To attack 
an animal with dogs, usu. for amuse- 
ment: Phr.: tob. a bear, *ursum ca- 
nibus lacessere immissis ; canes in ursum 
immittere. 
baize: *pannus laneus: v. FRIEZE. 
bake: |. Zocookinanoven: 1, 
torreo, torrui, tostum, 2 (with in furno, 
etc.): to b. anything, aliquid in furno 
t., Plin.: they used to b. their grain, 
furnis torrebant farra, Ov.: v. TO ROAST, 
2, cdquo, coxi, coctum, 3 (prop. 
to cook in gen.; q. v.): bread swells in 
b.ing, panis crescit coquendo, Plin. |], 
To dry and harden by heat: 1, cdquo, 
coxi, coctum, 3: fo b. tiles, laterculos c., 
Cato: summer b.s the clods with its ripe 
sums, glebas aestas maturis solibus c., 
Virg.: to b. ores, aera fornacibus c., 
Lucan. 2, exciquo, 3 (stronger than 
simple verb: also = to bake out): the sun 
b.s the soil, terram sol e., Lucr.: to b. 





Srom the b., 


BALDLY 





sand into glass, arenas in vitrum e., Tac,: 
to b. all the bad quality out (of the soil), 
omne vitium e., Virg. 8, aréfacio, 
3: Plin.: Lucr.: v. To pry UP, PARCH. 

baked: 1. coctilis, e (not of food): 
b. tiles, c. lateres, Varr.: b. walls, i.e, 
made of bricks, c. muri, Ov. 2. fer- 
nacéus (of food): b. bread, f. panis, Plin 
Phr.: bread b. too much, panis adustus, 
Hor. 

bakehouse: v. BAKERY. 

baker: 1, pistor: we go to get bread 
a p. panem petimus, PI. 


Cic. A female b., pistrix, icis: Lucil. 
ap. Varr. 2, furnarius (prop. adj.) 
Ulp. The business of a b., turnaria: 
Suet. Phr.: to bea b. by trade, furna- 
riam exercere, Suet. 3, artopta, ae, 
m. (Gr. apromms): Juv. 

bakery: 1, pistrina: Plin. 2. 


pistrinum ; Suet. 
baking-pan; artopta: PI. 
balance (subs.): |. A pair of 
scales : 1, libra: in one scale of the 
b. he placed mental advantages, in the 
other, corporeal, in -alteram librae lan 
cem animi bona imposuit, in alteram 
corporis, Cic. Fig.: the b.of a hesitat- 
ing mind, animi cunctantis libra, Claud 
Q. triitina: Varr.: Vitr. Fig.: the 
Roman writers are weighed in the same 
6., Romani pensantur eadem scriptores 
trutina, Hor.: Cic.: Vv. STEELYARD, 
SCALES. Il. Zquipoise: 1], libra: a 
Jirm b. against the winds, contra flatus 
pervicax 1. Plin. (a rare use of the 
word). 2. libramen, libramentum: 
round this weapon three feathers were 
placed as ab, buic telo ad libramen 
pinnae tres circumdabantur, Liv.: to 
weight a battering-ram with a b. of lead, 
arietem libramento plumbi gravari, Livy. 
8, pondus, Gris, m.: v. WEIGHT 
4, compersatio (only fig.): an equi- 
table b. of privilege and duty and ve- 
ward, aequabilis c. juris et officii et mu- 
neris, Cic.: v. EQUILIBRIUM. Wl. The 
difference between two sums (in book- 
keeping): réliquum (usu. plu.): J now 
wish to pay the outstanding b., nunc 
quod reliquum restat, volo persolvere, 
PL. : Camillus writes that he has received 
my b.s, reliqua mea Camillus scribit se 
recepisse, Cic. 
balance (v.): |. To keep in equi- 
librium : libro: v. TO POISE. Il. Te 
counterpoise : compenso, 1: to b. joy by 
grief, laetitiam cum doloribus c., Cic.: 
to b. virtues by vices, bona cum vitlis c., 
Hor. Ill. Zo ascertain the difference 
between receipts and expenses : 1 
consdlido, 1: b.d accounts, rationes con- 
solidatae, Cic. 2, dispungo, punxi, 
unctum, 3: to b. accounts, rationes d., 
en.: Ulp. 
i balancing of accounts: dispunc- 
io: Ulp. 
balas-ruby: anthricitis, idis, /.: 
Plin. 


balcony: maenianum (usu. plu.): a 
projection without support, of the nature 
of 6.8, projectum quod ita proveheretur 
ut nusquam requiesceret, qualia maeni- 
ana, Javol. Dig. (v. Forcell. s. v.): to 
build b.s to porticoes, doors, houses, aedi- 
ficare porticibus m., et adjicere foribus, 
domibus, Ammian. ap. id. (v. GALLERY): 
Cic.: Suet. 

bald: |, Withouthair: 1, calvus: 
Pl.: Suet. Phr.: to be b., calvéo, 2- 
Plin.: to become b., calvesco, 3: Col: 
Plin. Bald in front, praecalvus: to be 
b. in front, praecalvo capite esse, Suet. 

9. glaber, bra, brum (of the body 
generally, and chiefly of the lower ani- 
mals: v. SMOOTH): PIl.: Varr.: Col. 
Phr.: to make b., glabro, 1: Col. A b. 
spot, aréa, Cels. — |],_ Unadorned, inele- 
gant (q. v.): aridus: a b. style of nar- 
ration, narratio a., Quint: Cic.: v. DRY, 
JEJUNE. 

balderdash : Vv. JARGON, NONSENSE. 

baldly : jéjiné: v. sesuneLy. Phr.: 
to state things b. and without ornament, 
res nudas atque inornatas indicare, 
Quint. (But nudus alone is used by Cic, 
as 4 laudatory term, with ref. to the 
Commentaries of Caesar: V. UNADORNED.) 

63 


BALDNESS 


BAN D-FISH 


BANISH 





baldness: |. Want of hair: 1, 
calvitium: the disfigurement of b., cal- 
vitii deformitas, Suet.: Cic.: Plin. 2, 
calvities, ei, f.: Suet. II, Of style: v. 
INELEGANCE, JEJUNENESS. 

baldric; balteus: v. BELT, GIRDLE. 

bale (v.): Egéro, gessi, gestum, 3: 
this man b.s out the waves, egerit hic 
fluctus, Ov. Phr.: to b. out the bilge- 
water, sentinam e., Cic.: v. T0 EMPTY OUT. 

bale (subs.): fascis, is, m.: Tac.: 
Plin.: v. BUNDLE. 

baleful; fiinestus, perniciosus: v. 
FATAL, DESTRUCTIVE. 


balk (subs.): |, A ridge of land in 
a ploughed field: 1, limes, itis, Varr.: 
Col. 2, porca: Varr.: Col. 3, scam- 


num: Col. 
trabs; tignum. 
q. Vv." frustratio. 
balk (v.): frustror, lidificor, élido: 
Y. TO BAFFLE, DISAPPOINT. 
ball: |. 4 round mass : 1, glo- 
bus: jfire-bs were seen in the sky, 
coelo animadversi globi, Cic.: the eye-b., 
€z. oculi: a small b., glibulus: Cato: 
Plin. 2, glomus, Eris, n.: a b. of 
wool, lanae g., Lucr.: a b. of thread, lini 
g., Plin.: Hor. ||, 4 playing - ball : 
1, pila (filled with hair, feathers, 
&c.): lo play at b., pila ludere, Cic.: to 
throw tack a b., p. reddere, Mart. : to 
catch a b. and throw it baci, p. excipere 
et remittere, Sen.: a playing-b., pila 
lusoria, Plin.: also sometimes of any- 
thing round: b.s of down, pilae lanu- 
ginis, Plin. 2, follis, is, m. (ab. filled 
with air): to play at b., folle ludere, 
Mart.: Pl. A small b. of that kind, fol- 
lictilus: Suet. Phr.: a game at ball, 
pilaris lusio, Stat: a particular kind of 
game at b. played by three persons, lusus 
trigon ; 1. trigonalis, Hor.: Mart.: an 
ink-b. (in printing), *folliculus typogra- 
phicus: acannon-b., *glébus (the con- 
text defining it): a musket-b., glans: v. 
BULLET. II]. 4A meeting for dancing : 
saltatio (prop. the act of dancing) : Cic. 
Quint. : to invite to a b., *ad saltationem 
vocare, invitare. 
ballad: 1, nénia (orig. a dirge) ; 
children’s b.s, puerorum neniae, Hor. : 
worthless b.s, viles n., Phaedr. 2. 
carmen triviale (a street b.): Juv. 
ballad-singer: *aqui (quae) canti- 
lenas in triviis canit; cantator s, canta- 
trix trivialis. 
ballast (subs.): saburra: to take up 
b. (of bees), s. tollere, Virg.: to steady 
with b., saburra stabilire, Plin. 
ballast (v.): saburro, 1 (= saburr&i 
onerare) : Plin. (fig.) 
ballet; pantomimus: Plin. 
ballet-dancer ; pantomimus (male): 
Suet. : Macr. : pantomima (female) : Sen. 
Dballista: ballista: Cic.: Caes.: a 
maker or discharger of ballistae, ballis- 
tarius: Veg. 
balloon. *machina aérobatica (Kv; 
Georg.). 
ballot (swbs.) : |. 4 ball or ticket 
used in votimg: 1, tabella: three b.s 
are given to each of those who are of 
senatorian rank for delivering their 
verdict, ternae t. dantur ad judicandum 
jis qui ordinis sunt senatorii, Caes.: to 
sort the b.s, tabellas diribére, Cic.: Prop. 
2. suffragium: the b.s are being 
sorted, diribentur suffragia, Varr.: Cic. 
8, tessérila: Varr. Phr.: a sorter 
of the b.s, diribitor: Cic.: a sorting of 
b.s, diribitio: Cic. |. Voting by b.: 
tabella (meton.): the 6. is in favour 
with the people, because it displays the 
face but conceals the minds of men, po- 
lo grata est t., quae frontes aperit 
ominum, mentes tegit, Cic.: the whole 
state by the b. declared me consul, me 
universa civitas tabella consulem decla- 
ravit, Cic. Phr.: a law establishing 
vote by b., lex tabellaria: Cic.: Plin. 
ballot (v.): tabella or tabellis suffra- 
gari: v. BALLOT (subs.). Phr.: we b. 


Il. A beam, rafter; q.v.: 
Il]. Disappointment ; 


for all new members of the club, *omnes | 


novos sodales tabella cooptamus. 
ballot-ball: v. Baxcor (I.). 


ballot-box: 1. cista: Auct. Her.: 
Plin. 2, cistila: Auct. Her. 








ball-room: *atrium saltatorium. 

balm: |. Any aromatic sap: bal- 
simum: Virg.: Plin. |]. An aroma- 
tic plant : 1, balsimum: Plin. 2, 
mélisphyllum or mélissophylum : Virg. : 
Piin. 93, citrago, inis, f.: Pall. Hl. 
Solace, comfort ; q. v.: solatium. 

: |. Containing balm: 1, 
balsaminus: Plin. 2. balsamédes : 
Plin. ||, Fragrant, odorviferous ; q.v «: 
ambrosius, suavis, etc.: b. breath, spiri- 
tus suavis. II]. Soothing, soft, mild; 
s. v.: b. slumbers, molles somni. 

balsam: Vv. BALM. 

balsamic: balsaminus: Plin. 

baluster: Vv. BALUSTRADE, 

balustrade: |. Yor stairs: &pi- 
medion (i.e. a safeguard: émundopac): 
Inscr. Il. Between pillars: plitéus: 
Vitr. Il. Rails inclosing any place: 
cancelli: Cic. 

bamboo: irundo indica: Pilin. 
(*Arundo bambos; Linn.). 

bamboozle; osalicui sublinere, PIl.: 
v. FOOL, TO MAKE A}; TO CONFOUND, 


CHEAT. 

ban (subs.): |. A proclamation ; 
q. Vv. I]. A public notice of an in- 
tended marriage. Phr.: to publish the 


bans, *promulgare in ecclesia nomina 
sponsi et sponsae. Ill. Prescription, 
interdiction ; q.v.: proscriptio. Phr.: 
a person who is under a ban, homo cui 
igni, aqua, terra, etc. interdictum est: 
vy. TO BANISH; OUTLAW. In M. L. 
“bannum” is used. (See Ducange.) 

ban (v.): Vv. TO CURSE. 

ban: : |. The tree: (?) pala: 
Plin. 12,6,12. J], The fruit: ariena: 
Plin. ib. 

band (subs.): |, That which binds : 

1, copiila: a hempen b., spartea c., 
Apul.: Pl.: v. LEASH. 2, vinculum: 
a b. for grafting, v. ad insitionem, Col. : 
to loosen the b.s off any one, alicui vin- 
cula exsolvere, Virg.: Vv. BOND, CHAIN. 
3, ligamentum, ligamen: 6.s for 

tying vines, ligamenta  vitium, Col. : 
Prop. : Vv. BANDAGE. 4, rédimictilum 
(prop. a@ headband or necklace ; q. V.): 
Pl. 5, anadema, itis, n. (for the head) : 
Lucr. Phr.: the b.s round the volute 
of an Ionic capital, baltei pulvinorum, 
Vitr. ||. That which connects (fig.): 
Vv. BOND. Il]. 4 body of persons united 
for any purpose: 1, manus, iis, f. 
(for purposes of force): he will come to 
Rome with a great b., Romam veniet 
cum magna m., Cic.: a b. of youths, m. 
juvenum, Virg. 9. caterva (a troop; 
q. v.): armed b.s of desperate ruffians, 
armatae c. perditorum hominum, Cic.: 
a b. of young men, juvenum c., Hor. ; 
the Lycian b.s, Lyciae c., Hor. Ss. 
chérus (prop. of dancers: v. CHORUS, 
COMPANY): a b, of youths, c. juventutis, 
Cic.: Hor. 4, grex, grégis, m. (prop. 
a herd: hence of persons associated to- 
gether): ab. of friends, g. amicorum, 
Cic.: Hor. 
together (v.): mostly in bad 
sense: conjuro, juravi and juratus sum, 
1: Greece b.’d together to burst your 
nuptial tie, Graecia conjurata tuas rum- 
pere nuptias, Hor.- witnesses b/d to- 
gether, testes conjurati, Cic.: v. TO COM- 
BINE, UNITE. 

bandage (subs.): esp. for medical 
purposes : 1, fascia: to tieany one up 
with b.s, aliquem fasciis devincire, Cic.: 
to bind the stomach round with very 
tight b.s (to assuage hunger), fasciis 
ventrem strictissime circumligare, Gell. 
A small b., fascidla: Hor. 2, liga- 
mentum: to prepare b.s for wounds, |. 
vulneribus parare, Tac.: Quint. 3. 
ligamen, inis, m.: Col.: Prop. 

bandage (v.): 1, ligo, 1: to b. 
wounds with one's dress, vulnera veste 
1., Ov. 9, déligo, 1: to b. an arm, 
brachium d., Cels.: to b. a wound, vul- 
nus d., Quint.: Vv. BANDAGE (subs.) ; TO 
BIND UP. 

band-box: capsila: Cat: Plin. 
Prov.: as spruce as tf just out of a b., 
de capsula totus, Sen. 

band-fish: _ 1. anthias, ae, m. (¢): 
Plin. Q. taenia (?)* Plin. 









bandit ; latro: v. ROBBER, OUTLAW. 
bandstones; diaténi lateres, Vitr. 
bandy (v.): Phr.: the slave b.s 
words with me, mihi servus sermonem 
serit, Pl.: v. TO EXCHANGE. 
bandy-legged: loripes, pédis: Pl. 
Juv.: Vv. BOW-LEGGED, KNOCK-KNEED. 
bane: |. Poison; q. ve: vénénum. 
||. Fatal injury: 1, pernicies, 
ei, .: a pimp, the general b. of young 
men, leno p. communis adolescentum, 
Ter.: the b. of Sicily, Siciliae p., Cic. : 
V. DESTRUCTION, RUIN. 2. pestis, is, 


f.: V. PLAGUE, SCOURGE. 


pernicidsus, exitidsus: 
: V. PERNICIOUS, DESTRUCTIVE, POI- 
SONOUS. 

banefully: _perniciose, 
Cic. : Vv. DESTRUCTIVELY. 

banefulness ; Vv. DESTRUCTIVENESS. 

bang (v.): Vv. TO STRIKE, BEAT. 
Phr.: the doors b.’d, sonitum fecerunt 
fores, Pl. Mil. 4, 8, 66. 

bang (subs.): crépitus, sdnitus: v. 
EXPLOSION. 

banging (subs.): strépitus, Us: @ 
great b. of doors, ingens valvarum s., 
Hor.: Ter. 

banian-tree: (?) ficus (Indica): Plin. 


banish : |. To condemn to exile: 
1, extermino, 1 (the most general 
term for banishing from the confines of 
a state): Protagoras was by order of the 
Athenians b.’d from the city and terri- 
tory, Protagoras, Atheniensium jussu, 
urbe atque agro est exterminatus, Cic. : 
to b. foreigners, peregrinose.,Cic. Fig.: 
to b. any one from the society ofmen, ali- 
quem ex hominum communitate e., Cic. : 
to b. any one from has household gods 
(= from home), aliquem a suis diis pena- 
tibus e., Cic. Q, Aqua et igni interdico, 
dixi, dictum, 3 (usu. formula of banish- 
ment in the time of Cic.. with dat. and 
often in pass. impers.): I think that I 
shall be bd, futurum puto ut aqua et igni 
nobis interdicatur, Cic. : having b.'d them 
he set out into Italy, quibus quum aqua 
et igni interdixisset, in ltaliam profectus 
est, Caes. 8. pello, pépili, pulsum, 
3 (with some defining word): to b. any 
one from the state, aliquem civitate p., 
Cic.: to b. any one from the kingdom 
aliquem regno p., Hor.: v. TO EXPEL. 
4, rélégo, 1 (usu. for a limited time 
oly, and without affecting the civit 
status): the consul bd L. Lamia, consul 
L. Lamiam relegavit, Cic.: the army 
was b.’a to Sicily, and forbidden to re- 
turn till theend of the war, exercitus 
relegatus in Siciliam ne ante belli finem 
in Italiam reverteretur, Liv.: Piso is 
b.d for ten years, Piso in decem annos 
relegatur, Tac. 5, déporto, 1 (for 
life, and to some desert place, usu. am 
island: frequent under the emperors): 
Serenus is b.’d for life to an island, Se- 
renus in insulam deportatur, Tac.: 
Quint. 6, éjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (usu. 
but not always, with some defining 
word or words): b.ing those who had 
been favourable to Athens, qui Atheni- 
ensium rebus studuissent ejectis, Nep.: 
he was b.’d and went to live at Argos, e 
civitate ejectus Argos habitatum conces- 
sit, Nep.: Cic. 7, sépono, pdsui, posi- 
tum, 3 (tocause to withdraw) : to b. any 
one to a province, aliquem in provinciam 
s.. Tac.: Suet. 8, abdo, didi, ditum, 
3 (rare): to b. to an island, in insulam 
a., Tac. 9, amdvéo, movi, motum, 2 
(of banishment wnder the emperors): 
to b. to an island, in insulam a., Tac. 
||. Zo drive away (fig.) 1, ex- 
termino, 1 (rare): to b. physical ques- 
tions, quaestiones physicorume., Cic. 
2. pello, pépuli, pulsum, 3: b. cares 
with wine, vino pellite curas, Hor.: to 
b sorrow from the mind, moestitiam ex 
animo p., Cic.: v. TO DRIVE AWAY. 3 
Gjiciv, 3: to b. affection from the mind, 
amorem e. ex animo, Cic.: to b. care, e. 
ex animo curam, Liv. 4, abstergeo, 
tersi, tersum, 2 (lit. to wipe awuy): to 
b. grief, dolorem a., Cic.: to b. vexations, 
molestias a., Cic.: Lucr. §, solvo, vi, 


exitiose : 


| tum, 3 (rare): to 6. night (by the aid 


BANISHED 





of torches, &c.), noctem s., Plin. ep.: to 
d. shame, pudorem s., Virg.: Cels. 6, 
sép0no, 3: to b. cares, curas s., Ov.: v. 
TO REMOVE, 

banished: v. TO BANISH, EXILED. 

banishment: |, The act of ba- 
nishment : 1, Gjectio (a gen. term): 
te fear death and b., mortem et e. 
timere, Cic. 2. interdictio (with 
some defining word): exile may consist 
in b. from certain places, exsilium est 
certorum locorum i., Mart. Dig.: the 
Roman formula was int. tecti et aquae 
et ignis, Cic.: Liv. 3, déportatio (v. 
TO BANISH, I. 5): Ulp. 4. rélégatio 
(for a limited period): Cic.: Liv. 5. 
ablégatio(—relegatio): Plin. |. The 
state of exile: exsilium; Vv. EXILE. 


banister; épimédion: v. BALus- 
TRADE. 
bank (subs.): |. A mound of earth: 


1, pulvinus: to make »anks (for 
flower-beds) by heaping up soil, terra 
adruenda pulvinos facere, Varr.: Plin. 

2. torus: Virg.: Plin.: also torus 
pulvini, Plin.: v. MOUND, RIDGE. Il. 
An elevation of the bed of the sea: ae 
dorsum: Virg.: v. RIDGE. 2. syrtis, 
is, f.: v. QUICKSAND. Ill. The border 
of a river or lake: ripa: the b. of a 
river, r. fluminis, Caes.: Romulus placed 
his city on the b. of an ever-flowing 
river, Romulus urbem perennis amnis 
posuit in ripa, Cic.: Hor.: v. SHORE. 


IV. A bench for rowers: 1, trans- 
trum: Caes.: Cic.:. Virg. 2. scam- 
num: Hor.: Ov. V. An establish- 


ment or company for dealing in money : 
argentaria taberna: Liv. PA. 
argentaria mensa : Ulp. 3. argen- 
taria: Pl.: Liv.: the affairs of the bank 
were wound up, argentaria dissoluta est, 
Cic. 4. publica mensa (a bank in 
which public money was deposited) : Cic. 
§. aerarium: Nep. Att.: v. TREA- 
SURY. 

bank (.): A. Trans.: Phr.: 
to b. ahouse against a river, *aedes ag- 
gere contra vim fluminis munire: to b. 
a stream, *flumen intra alveum aggere 
continere. B. Intrans. (in com- 
mercial sense): Phr.: to b. vith a cer- 
tain company, *pecuniam apud socie- 
tatem quandam deponere. 

Dd er: 1. argentarius: Pl.- to 
have a b.’s book in which money is entered 
toone’s debit and credit, habere argen- 
tarii tabulas in quibus sibi expensa pec- 
unia lata sit, acceptaque relata, Cic. 

9. ie (one apie with 

lic money for the purpose of paying 

apres creditors): Cic.: Liv. 3, né- 
gotiator (a provincial b.: v. Dict. Ant.: 
S. V.): @ merchant or a b., mercator an 
n., Cic.: Caes. Phr.: he was a well- 
known b.at Rome, Romae argentariam 
non ignobilem fecit, Cic. 

banking (subs.): 1. argentaria 
(prop. adj.): to be engaged in b., argent- 
ariam facere, Cic. 2. négotiatio (in 
the provinces: v. supr.): Cic.; Suet. 
Phr.: Curius carries on b. at Patrae, 
Curius Patris negotiatur, Cic. 
ppank-martin : riparia hirundo: 

bank-note: *tesséra mensae pub- 
licae (Georges). 

bankrupt (subs ): décoctor (a spend- 
thrift-b.); Cic. Pbhr.: a fraudulent b., 
creditorum fraudator, Cic. 

= , to be or become: 

1, rationes conturbare, Cic.: and 
absol., Pedo becomes b., Matho fails, Pedo 
conturbat,Matho deficit, Juv. 9. de- 
céquo, coxi, coctum (with or without 
creditoribus): do you remember that you 
were a b. before you came of age? ten- 
esne memoria praetextatum te decox- 
isse? Cic.: decoxit creditoribus suis, 
Plin. 3. foro cédere; if my debtor 
become b., I shall receive a dividend, si 
debitor foro cesserit, portionem feram, 
Sen. 4, cido, cécidi, casum, 3 (op- 
posed to sto): turpius est privatim cad- 
ere quam publice, Cic. Att. 16, 15, 6. 
Phr.: I became utterly b. in my busi- 
mess, omnis res mea fracta est, Hor. (fig. 
with ref. to shipwreck): but for Cae- 











BAR 


sar's generosity towards my client, this 


Postumus would have been b.long ago, 
nisi Caesaris in bunc liberalitas exstit- 
isset, nos hune Postumum jampridem 
in foro non haberemus, Cic. 

bankruptcy : 1. décoctio: Cod. 
Theod. 2. (fig.): naufragium patri- 
monii: Cic.; comp. BANKRUPT, TO BE 
or BECOME. 8, tabiilae névae (public 
or general bankruptcy): he saw that 
Trebellius could not be secure without 
the enactment of a general b., Trebel- 
lium vidit sine tabulis novis salvum esse 
non posse, Cic. 

banner: vexillum: Caes.: Cic.: v. 
STANDARD, ENSIGN, FLAG. 

banneret: *eques vexillarius. 

bannock; placenta avénacéa: vy, 
CAKE. 

banquet (subs.): 1. convivium : 
to be present at a public b., c. publicum 
inire, Cic.: to prepare a b., c ornare, pa- 
rare, or instruere, Cic.: Virg. DA 
épulum, plu. épilae, arum (when used 
of religious or solemn b.s usu. sing.): a 
JSumeral b., epulum funebre, Cic.: the b. 
of Jupiter, Jovis epulum, Liv.: songs 
used to be sung at b s, carmina in epulis 
cantitata sunt, Cic. : Hor. 3, coena 
(the ordinary principal meal): a splen- 
did b., lauta c., Suet.: Cic. (passim): v. 
SUPPER. Phr.: reclining at b.s, epu- 
laris aceubitio, Cic.: v. FEAST. 

banquet (v.): A. Trans.: con- 
vivio excipére; v. TO FEAST. B. 
Intrans.: 1, convivor, 1: Ter.: 


Cie. 2, Epillor, 1: Cic.: Virg.: v. 
TO FEAST. 
banter (v.): 1, cavillor, 1: J b. 


aid joke in a familiar manner with the 
man himself too, familiariter cum ipso 
etiam cavillor ac jocor, Cic.: v. To 
JOKE. 2. illido, si, sum, 3: v. To 
MOCK, MAKE MERRY WITH. 3. jocor, 
I: V. TO JOKE. 


banter (subs.); 1, cavillatio: Cic. : 
Suet. 2. jocus: v. JOKE. 
banterer: 1, cavillator: Pl.: Cic. 


2. lusor: Pl. 3. risor: Hor. 
bantling: infans: v. mNFANT. 
baptism: baptisma, atis, .; bap- 

tismus, i, m.; or baptismum: Tert.: 
Aug. Phr.: a@ register of b., *tabulae 
in quas eorum qui baptizati sunt no- 
mina referuntur: @ certificate of b., 
“scriptum quod docet aliquem bapti- 
zatum esse. 
baptismal: Phr.: a b. font, bap- 
tistérium, Sidon. : . vows, *vota in bap- 
tismo suscepta: to believe in b. regene- 
ration, *regenerationem una cum bap- 
tismo fieri credere: v. BAPTISM. 
baptist: 1. baptista, ae,m.: Sedul. 

3 baptizator: Tert. 
baptistery : baptistérium: Sidon. 
baptize: 1, baptizo, 1: Tert.: Aug. 

. intinguo, tinxi, tinctum, 3: ‘Vert. 
baptizer, qui baptizat. i 
bar (subs.): |, A long piece of 
wood, iron, &c.: (i) used for fastening 
or confining : 1, clathri, orum (bars 
of cages for confining animals): Hor.: 
Col. 2, claustra, orum (esp. of a 
gate): to pull back the bars, c. revellere, 
Cic.: to burst the bars, c. rumpere, Virg. : 
Vv. BARRIER. 3, dbex, Icis and jicis, 
m. and f, (usu. of agate): theiron bars 
of gates, ferrati portarum o.,Tac.: he 
had closed the gates with a strong bar, 
portas o. firma clauserat, Ov. 4, séra 
(v. BOLT): bars closeda thousand houses, 
mille domos clausere serae, Ov.: Varr, 
5, répagiila, orum (vy. BARRIER) ; 
Pl.: Cic. (ii) in general, whether used 
as a barrier or not: 1, vectis, is, m. 
(used of any kind of lever or crowbar ; 
gq. v.): Caes. Q. assér, éris, m. ly 
of wood): strong bars, validi a., Tac.: 
Caes.: Vv. POLE, BEAM. Il. A hin- 
drance or obstruction; q.v.: impedi- 
mentum. ll]. A bank at the mouth 


of a river or harbour, *agger arenae ad | 


IV. | 


ostium fiuminis portusve situs, 
An ingot or wedge of metal: 1, later, 
éris, m.: bars of gold and silver, lateres 
aurei argenteique, Plin. 2, tibilus: 
Plin. Y. An inclosed place: (i) ina 
court of justice: a Cic. (il) in 









BARBARITY 





eR eT 
an inn: (?)cancelli cauponii s. cau. 
ponae (but it is impossible to ex- 
press the term with any certainty). 
VI. A tribunal, or the place in a 
court of justice where the advocates are 
placed: Phr.: my exertions at the bar, 
meus forensis labor, Cic.: the eloquence 
of the bar, forense dicendi genus, Cic. - 
they plead at the bar, apud tribunalia 
dicunt, Quint.: he had once been the 
leader of the bar, princeps fuerat quon- 
dam fori, Quint.: the lad is intended for 
the bar, puer foro destinatur, Quint, : 
the bar requires a more powerful and 
Juller voice, subsellia grandiorem et ple- 
niorem vocem desiderant, Cic.: to enjoy 
a reputation for skill at the bar, Marte 
forensi florere, Ov.: the prisoner at tir 
bar, reus hic, or, reus iste, according as 
the speaker is for the defence or for 
the prosecution. Vii. The entire 
body of advocates : 1], advocatio: the 
bar of Caesarea, a. Caesariensis, Cod. 
Just. 2. advocati,orum: they are 
deserted not only by the audience, but 
even by the bar, non modo a corona sed 
etiam ab advocatis relinquuntur, Cic. - 
Quint. Vili. Mus. ¢. ¢.: *linea trans- 
versa, Or, notae musicae quae intra |i- 
neas transversas continentur. 
bar (v.): |. To fasten with a bar: 
obséro, 1: to bar a door, ostium 0., 
Ter. ; fores o., Suet. Phr.: bar the 
door, if you please, with both bolts, oc- 
clude, sis, fores ambobus pessulis, PI. : 
1 bar the door, pessulum ostio obdo, 
Ter. (the pessulus, however, was smaller 
than the sera or repaguium: vy. BOLT.) 
||. To hinder, prevent (q. v.): obsto 
(with dat.), préhibeo (with acc.) 
barb (sube.) : |. That which re- 
sembles a beard, as in a fish, etc. : barba : 
Vv. BEARD. ll. 4 horse, esp. one from 
Barbary: équus, sonipes: v. HORSP. 
Ili. A partof a hook, arrow, etc. : 
1, uncus (which, however, appears 
to denote prop. some large hook; as the 
hooks of grappling trons; the hook 
used fo drag men to executivn, etc.) 
2. hamus (arrows made with b.s 
are called hamatae: v. BARBED): y. 
HOOK. 3, bamilus: dimin. of pre- 
ceding: Pl. 
barb (v.): Phr.: to b. an arrow, 
*sagittam bamatam facere; or (?) sa- 
gittae hamos s. uncos addere. 
barbacan: |, 4 small round tower : 
turris: V. TOWER. |. A watchhouse : 
spéetila: Cic.: Virg. Ill. A loophole: 
fenestra ad tormenta mittenda: Caex 
barbarian (swbs.) : |. An unci- 
vilized person: barbarus (esp. in pil. 
and applied to all nations excepting 
the Greeks and Romans): Caes.: Hor.: 
of b.s the Germans are almost the only 
people content with one wife apiece, bar- 
barorum soli prope Germani singulis 
uxoribus contenti, Tac. ||, 4 cruel or 
brutal person: 1, barbarus: 0 bar- 
barian: by your dreadful deeds ! pro 
diris, barbare, factis! Ov. 2. homo 
crudélis, immanis, ete.; Cic.: Virg. 
barbarian (adj.): v. BARBAROTS. 
barbaric: barbaricus: b. garments. 
b. vestes, Lucr.: doorposts proud with 
b. gold and spoils, barbarico postes auro 
spoliisque superbi, Virg.: v. FUREIGN. 
barbarism: |. Incorrect language : 
1, barbaries, ei, f.; a vernacular b, 
domestica b., Cic. 2. barbarismus : 
Auct. Her.. Quint. ||, An uncivilized 
condition: barbiria and barbiries, éi 
(also more fully inculta _barbaries, 
Just.): to lay aside and soften b., bar- 
bariem deponere et mansuefacere, Just. 
such ts their b. that they do not under- 
stand peace, tanta barbaries est ut pacem 
non intelligant, Flor. (N.B. Not barba- 
rismus, which is a barbarism in speech.) 
Phr.: it isa mark of b., *barbarorum 
est: considerable sagacity for a pecple 
living in a state of b., *aliquantum ut 
inter barbaros prudentiae. I]. Bar- 
barity; q. v. 
barbarity: 1. barbaria, barbaries, zi, 
J.; he extirpated their inveterate b. from 
he manners of the people of Gades (with 
ref. to buman sacrifices), inveteratam 


BARBARIZE 


barbariam ex Gaditanorum moribus de- | 


levit, Cic.: V. BARBARISM. Q, féritas: 
v. FEROCITY. 3, immanis atque in- 
himana cridélitas. v. CRUELTY. 

barbarize: Phr.: ¢o b.a nation, 
*nationem barbariei insuefacere ; ad b. 
reducere; mores feros atque inhumanos 
teddere3 efferare. Vv. TO BRUTALIZE. 

barbarous: |. Uncivilized: 1, 
barbarus: a b. custom, b. mos, Hor.: the 
b. Allobroges, Allobroges b., Cic.: to 
others he seemed unpolished and b., altis 
inhbumanus ac b. videbatur, Cic.: a b. 
country. b. patria, Virg. 9. incultus 
(not so strong as the preceding): what 
could be more uninviting than those coun- 
tries? what more b. than their towns ? 
quid illis terris asperius? quid oppidis 
incultius? Cic.; Vv UNCIVILIZED. 
férus: a b. mode of life, f. victus, Cic. 
Vv. WILD. II. Cruel, ferocious : le 
férus : an exceedingly b. and cruel enemy, 
hostis nimis f et immanis, Cic.: the 
Britons b. to strangers, Britanni hospi- 
tibus f., Hor.: b. sacrifices, f. sacra, Ov.: 
V. FIERCE, CRUEL. 9. immanis, e: v. 
SAVAGE, Monstrous. (N.B. Not bar- 
barus in this sense; except as cruelty is 
an element implied in a barbarous or 
uncivilized condition.) 

barbarously: |. Without refine- 
ment: barbire to speak b , b. loqui, Cic.: 
to hurt b. (like a barbarian), b. laedere, 
Hor. I]. Cruelly; q.v  crudeliter, 
saeve. Join: inhumane atque crudeli- 
ter; tanta saevitia atque crudelitate. 

barbarousness: V_BARBARITY. 

barbed: , bamatus. a b. arrow, 
h. sagitta, arundo, Ov.: Cic. 2. un- 
cinatus: Vv, HOOKED. 3, uncus. a b. 
hook, u. hamus, Ov 

barbel; barbus: Auson. 

barber: tonsor. Dionysius taught 
his own daughters to act as barbers that 
he might avoid trusting his neck toa b., 
Dionysius ne tonsori collum committeret 
tondere filias suas docuit, Cic.: a b. that 
cuts hair unevenly, inaequalis t., Hor. 
Abs shop, tonstrina: Pl.: Plin.: a fe- 
male b., tonstrix, icis: Pl.. Mart.- a 
little female b., tonstrictila: Cic. Adj. : 
of or belonging toa b, barber’s, ton- 
sorius: a b.’s tools, ferramenta t., Mart. 
a b.’s knife, culter t., Cic.:  V- RAZOR. 

barberry: |, The plant: 1, ap- 
pendix, icis,f.: Plin. 2, spina apper!- 
dix: Plin. 3, *berbéris vulgaris, Linn. 
cre called *Oxyacantha, Pyxacantha, 
pina acida, Mayne). Il. The frutt: 
bacca (appendicis): v. FRUIT. 


bard: |. 4 Celtic poet and mu- 
sican; bardus Lucan: Amm. Il. 
A poet, q.v.. vates. 


bare (adj.): |. Uncovered, naked - 
J, nudus: with b. head (bareheaded), 
capite nudo, Sall.: b. footed, nudis pedi- 
bus, Hor.: 6. benches, n. subsellia, Cic.: 
she sat on the b. ground, sedit humo n., 
Ov. Q2, mérus (rare). a b. foot, pes 
m., Tuy. Phr.: to lay b. the natures of 
things, rerum naturas persecare, Cic. 5 
rerum naturam expandere, Lucr.: v. TO 
UNFOLD. II, Destitute: nudus (with 
abl. or gen.): places b. of vegetation, 
loca n. gignentium, Sall.: v DESTITUTE. 
Ill. Mere, simple: 1, mérus: no- 
thing except b. hope, nihil nisi spes m 
Ter.: the money was received on his b. 
word of honour, m. fide accepta pecunia 
est, Apul. 9, nadus_ the b. anger of 
Caesar, n. ira Caesaris, Ov.: 6. names of 
places, locorum n. nomina, Plin. IV. 
Plain, unadorned; of style. pressus 
Cic.. Quint. v. PLAIN, MEAGRE. 
bare (v.): 1. apério, ‘ii, 4pertum, 
4: he b.d his head, caput aperuit, Cic. : 
with b.d bosum, aperto pectore, Ov. 
Q, niido, 1: to b. the head, caput n., 
Virg.: to b. swords, gladios n., ‘Ovscy- 
TO UNCOVER. 
barefaced: impiidens. Phr.: a b. 
fdlow, homo frontis urbanae, Hor.: you 
are b., os perfricuisti, Cic.  V. IMPUDENT, 
UNDISGUISED. 
barefacedly :; impiidenter: v. mPu- 
DENTLY. 
barefacedness: impidentia. v. 
re IMPUDENCE. 





BARLEY-WATER 


barefoot, barefooted: 
pede, or nudis pedibus. Hor. 
nudipes, pédis: ert. 
tus: Suet. ‘ 
bareheaded: v. BARK (adj.). 
barely (= scarcely) ; 1, exigié: 
he had b. corn enough for 20 days, fru- 
mentum ex. xx. dierum habebat, Caes. 
9. vix: v. SCARCELY, ONLY. 


8, discalcéa- 


bareness: iuditas; stérilitas: v. 
NAKEDNESS, BABRENNESS. 
bargain (subs.): |. Agreement, esp. 


to sellor buy: 1, pactio: to make a b. 
about anything, p. de aliqua re facere, 
Cic. 9, pactum: he adhered to the 
terms and b., mansit in conditione atque 
p., Cic.: b.s and agreements, p. conven- 
taque, Sen. Phr.: tomakeab., pacis- 
cor, pactus, 3: to make an unfair b., 
inique p., Cic.: V. TO BARGAIN 5 AGREE- 
MENT. 
bought: Phr.: he bought the house a 
good b., domum bene emit, Cic.: I shall 
be very glad to return the bad b., mibi 
maxime placet ea quae male empta sunt 
reddi, Cic.: that purchase has proved a 
bad b., *male evenit emptio illa. 

bargain (v.): 1, paciscor, pactus, 
3: you may 6. with him for a small 
sum, p. cum illo paulula pecunia potes, 
PL: he had b.’d for the province for 
himself, provinciam sibi pactus erat, 
Cic.: he b.’d for the return and safety 
of all the proscribed, omnibus proscrip- 
tis reditum salutemque pactus est, Liv. 

9, dépaciscor (depec.), 3° he b.’d for 

three farms for himself, ria praedia sibi 
depactus est, Cic. 

bargainer: pactor (rare) : Cie. 

barge: |. A vessel of state: thala- 
megus: Suet.: Sen. I], 4. flat-bot- 
tomed vessel of burthen : 1. linter, 
tris, f. (prob. the nearest word Hor. S. 
I, 5, 20, calls the canal-boat drawn by a 
mule by this name): v. BOAT. 
*navigium longum plana carina in- 
structum, 

bargeman: nauta (gen. term: ap- 
plied by Hor. to the canal-b., S. 1, 5, 
19): V. BOATMAN. 

barilla: |. The plant: *salsola 
kali: M. L. I. The alkali produced 
from it: *soda: M. L. 

barium: *biriumor plitonium. M.L. 

bark (subs.): {. Of trees: 1. 
cortex, icis, m. and jf. (the outer bark): 
Cic.: Virg.: smooth or rough b., c. levis 
aut scaber, Plin. 9. liber, bri, m. 
(the inner bark): Cic.: Virg. Peruvian 
bark is *cortex Peruvianus, or simply 
cortex . sometimes *cinchona, properly 
the name of the tree, so called after the 
Countess del Cinchon at Lima, who was 
cured by its use in 1628 (Mayne). Il. 
Of dogs: latratus, us: fo utter bs, 1. 
edere, Ov.: Virg.: Plin. Proverb.: 
a cur’s bark is worse than his bite, 
canis timidus vehementius latrat quam 
mordet, Curt. li]. 4 ship: ratis: v. 


BARQUE. 
bark (v.): |, Zo strip trees of their 
b.: 1, décortico,1: Plin. 2, glubo, 


3: Cato: Varr.: Vv. TO PEEL. ||. To 
make the noise peculiar to dogs: latro, 
t: dogs b., canes 1., Cic.: to b. at astag’s 
hide, cervinam pellem 1., Hor. Fig.: if 
any one shall have b.’d at a man worthy 
of abuse, si quis opprobriis dignum la- 
traverit, Hor.:*in this sense allatro is 
more usu. in prose: Vv, TO BARK AT. 

bark at; allatro” esp. lig.: v. TO 
RAIL AT. 

barker: 1. latritor (= dog). Virg.- 
Mart. 9, latrans, antis: Ov. 

barking (swbs.): |. 4 stripping 
off of bark: deécorticatio: Plin il. 
Of dogs: \atratus, is: Virg.: Ov.: v. 
BARK (II). 

barley; hordéum: Liv.: Virg.: win- 
ter-barley, cantérinum hordeum: Col.; 
b-meal, bordéacéa farina, Cato: 6.- 
bread, hordeaceus panis, Plin.. peart b., 


polenta: Plin.: Ov.; ptisina- Cels. 
Mart. 
barleycorn: granum hordei. 
barley-sugar: *alphanicum (Kr. 
and Georg.) 


barley-water ; ptisana (a mess made 


1, nudo | /rom barley): Varr.: 


Il. A purchase, or the thing | L 


2. | 





BARRICADE 





Plin.: ptisina- 
rium (also applied to a decoction of rice, 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 155, ptisinarium oryzae). 

barm : fermentum: v. YEAST. 

barmaid: 1, caupdnia ancilla (cf. 
Pl. Poen. 5, 5, 19). 2, ministra cau- 
ponae ‘i.e. female innkeeper’s servant) : 
Cod. Just. 

barn: 1, horréum: growing crops, 
threshing floors, b.s, segetes, areae, hor- 
rea, Cic.: to burst the 6.s (of abundant 
crops), horrea rumpere, Virg. 2, gra 
naria, orum, pl.: Vv. GRANARY. 

barnacle: [, A mollusk; *pente- 
lasmis anatifera: Leach. I]. 4 kind 
of goose. *anser benicla: Fleming. — [Il. 
In farriery : postomis, idis, f.: Gloss 

IV. 4 kind of spectacles; q. v- 
barometer; *birdmétrum: M. L. 
barometrical: *birémétricus: M. 
. Phr.: 6. observations, *ubservati- 
ones barometro factae. 

baron: *baro, onis: M.L. (N.B. 
This word should be used only when it 
is necessary to specify precisely the 
feudal or heraldic dignity of baron: in 
a general seuse the nearest word is prin- 
ceps, applied by ‘lac. to chiefs amongst 
the Germans inferior in dignity to 
kings: Ger. 11.) In addresses he may 
be called amplissimus et nobilissimus, 
To create a bavon, *baronis dignitate et 
nomine ornare. 


baronage: |. Ze whole body of 
barons: *bardnes, um: baronagium ; 
M. L. jj. Zhe rank of a baron. *ba- 


ronia: baronatus: M. L. 
barovess; *baronissa: M. L. 
baronet: *baronettus: M.L. 
baronetage: J. The hole body of 
baronets: *baronetti,orum: M. L. ff. 
The rank of a baronet : *baronetti dig- 
nitas: M. L. 
baronial: Phr.: a b. residence, 
*bardnis domus or villa: *b, privileges, 
jura baronum: v. BARON. In looser 


| sense perh. *vétus atque opulentus. 


barony. *barodnia: M. L. 
barque:; 1, navis parva, naviciila: 
Cic. Q. riitis, is, f. (esp. poet.) fo 
entrust one’s frail b. to the pitiless ocean, 
fragilem truci committere pelago r., Hor. 
barrack, barracks: (nearest word) 
castra, orum (this was the term applied 
to the b. of the praetorian guard at 
Rome “cohortes una in castra condu- 
cendo,” Tac. A. 4, 2); also castra stat- 
iva: Liv.: v. CAMP. 
barrack-master: praefectus cas- 
trorum (uearest term); V. BARRACK. 
barrel (subs.) : |. 4 kind of cask, 
ligneum vas circulis cinctum: Plin. 14, 
PLS fp I]. A tube - 1, tubus: @ 
gun-b., *sclopéti tubus: v. TUBE. 5 
fistila: v. BORE. |], 4 cylinder: cy- 
lindrus or (?) fusus: the b. of a watch, 
*horologii c. or f.: M. L. : 
barrel (v.): i.e. to put in barrels, 
ligneis vasis condere, Plin. 14, 21, 27. 
barren: 1, stérilis,e: a b. cow, 
s. vacea, Virg.: a@ b. plant, s. herba, 
Ov.: b. fields, s. agri, Virg. Fig.: @ 
lover b. of gifts, sterilis amator a donis, 
Pl.: a b. February, s. Februarius, Cic.: 
b. letters, s. epistolae, Plin.: a b. peace, 
s. pax, Tac.: an age not sob. of virtues, 
non adeo virtutum s. seculum, Tac. 
9. miicer, cra, crum (¥. LEAN): @ 
b. farm, m. agellus, Hor.: poor, b. sotl, 
solum exile et m., Cic.: b. vineyards, 
m, vineae, Col. 8. infélix (esp. of 
that which is by nature unfruitful; q. 
v.): Cic.: Virg. 4, jéjunus (rare): 
a b. field, j. ager, Cic: b. gravel, j. 
glarea, Virg. Fig.: a b. and narrow 
mind, j. animus et angustus, Cic.; solt. 
tary and b. knowledge, solivaga cognitio 
et j., Cic. 5, exilis, e: Vv. MEAGRE. 
barrenness: stérilitas: the b. of 
women and of trees, s. mulierum et ar- 
borum, Plin.: the b. of fields, s. agrorum, 
Cic. Fig.: b. of wit, sterile ingenium: 
V. BARREN. 
_ barricade (subs.): 1, concaedes, 
ium, f. (of felled trees): Tac.: Amm, 
2, *agger ex carris, trabibus, lapi- 
dibus ceterisque ejusmodi rebus factua= 
ef. Veg. 3, 10. 


BARRICADE 


barricude(v.): 1, praesépio, sepsi, 
septum, 4: 
roads with beams, aditus atque itinera 
trabibus p., Caes. 2, *agverem in via, 
pro domo, facere: cf. Veg. 3,10: v. TO 
BLOCK UP, OBSTRUCT. 

barrier: 1, septum: the b.s of the 
forum, fori septa, Cic.: to confine wild 
beasts by b.s. septis beluas continere, Cic,: 
V. FENCE, ENCLOSURE. 2, dbex, obicis, 
and Sbjicis, m. and f.: bursting its b.s, 
objicibus ruptis, Virg.: a b. of rock, vb. 
saxi, Virg. 3, cancelli, orum (a grat- 
tng or lattice; q.v.): the b.in the circus, 
c. circi, Ov.: Cic. 4, carcer, éris, m. 
(usu. plu. and only of the starting-place 
tn the curcus): Cic.: Hor.: the horse let 
gofrom the b., carcere missus equus, Ov. 

5, claustra, orum (v. BaR): to breale 

down the b.s of shame and respect, claus- 
tra pudoris et reverentiae refringere, 
Plin.: the bs of nature, naturae c., 
Lucr.: the b.s of nobility, c. uobilitatis, 
Cic.: v. BOUNDARY. 

barrister: patronus, advodcatus: v. 
ADVOCATE. 

barrow: |. A kind of vehicle: 


(i) a hand-b., ferctilum : Liv. : Suet. (ii) 
@ wheel-b.(?), pibo: “vehiculum unius 
rotae,’” Gloss. Isid. ap. ForcelL. Il. 
A castrated hog: majalis: Vart.: Cic. 


WI, A mound over a grave: timii- 

lus: Cic.: Virg. 

barter (v.): A, Trans.: 1, mito, 
I (with acc. of the thing given and abl. 
of that received in exchange: also some- 
times vice versa): to b. plunder for wine 
with traders, praedas m. cum merca- 
toribus vino, Sall.; Hor. — Q, piiciscor, 
pactus, 3: to b. one’s life for glory, 
vitam pro laude pacisci, Virg.: v. To 
BARGAIN, EXCHANGE. B, Intrans.: 
merces mutare, Hor.: res inter se mut- 
are, Sall. 

barter (subs.) : 1, mitatio: ‘Yer. 

2, permitatio: Cic.: Dig.: the in- 

habitants of the interior employ b., inte- 
riores permutatione mercium utuntur, 
Tac.: v. To BARTER, EXCHANGE. 

baryta (one of the primitive earths) : 
*biiryta, barytes: also termed *terra 
ponderosa. 

barytone: v. Bass. 


basalt: basaltes, is, m.: Plin. (who 
uses the term of a kind of Egyptian 
marble). 


basaltic: *basalticus. 

base (adj.): |, Worthless : chiefly 
in expr. b. money, nummi adulterini, 
Cic.: v, COUNTERFEIT, FALSE. Il. 
Without moral ref, low, cb:cure, mean: 
esp. of ancestry : 1, hiimilis, e: born 
of b. parentage, h. parentibus natus, 
Cic.: 6.- born, humilis natus, Phaedr, 

2, ignotus: v. ogscure, MBEAN. 
Ill. Grovelling, abject; q. v.: ab- 

jectus, IV, In moral sense, disgrace- 
ful: turpis: no one becomes utterly b. 
all at once, nemo repente fit turpissi- 
mus, Juv.: b. deeds, t. facta, Cic.: v. 
SHAMEFUL, DISHONOURABLE. Vv. Of 
Musical tones. deep, grave: gravis, e: 
a very b. sound, gravissimus sonus, Cic.: 
V. BASS. 

base (subs.): I. The bottom or 
gi oundwork of anything : 1, basis, 
ls, f.: on the b. of the statues, in basi 
Statuarum, Cic.: the b of a triangle, b. 
trianguli, Cic. Q, basella (a small b.): 
Fall. 3. spira (only of columns): 
Vitr.: Plin. Phr.: tuo rivers washed 
the b. of that hill, ejus collis radices duo 
flumina subluebant, Caes.:  v, FOOT, 
FOUNDATION. |, Milit. t. t.: base of 
operations (Gr. adopun): *ea regio 
unde exercitui copiae cujusque generis 
suppeditantur, 

baseless (only used in fig. sense) : 
vanus, inanis, commenticius, talsus: v. 
GROUNDLESS, EMPTY, IMAGINARY. Phr.: 
the b. fabric of this vision, tinania hace 
somiSorem commenta. 

basely: turpiter: to act rightly or 
6., recte aut t. facere, Caes.: [1 wl allow 
you to do nothing b., te t. facere nihil 
patior, Cic.: vy. MEANLY, DISGRACE- 
FULLY. 

basement: bisis, is, f.: 


to b. the approaches and | 










toy has 


BAS-RELIEF 





completely covered the b. of the country- 
house, hedera convestivit basim villae, 
Cic. Phr.: the 6. story of a house, do- 
mus tabulatum imum. v. BASE. 
baseness: |, Meanness of origin : 
himilitas: 6. of family and name, h. 
generis ac nominis, Suet. : 
. lgnominy, abjectness; q. v. 
Phr.: b. of fortune and of life, sordes 
fortunae et vitae, Cic. Il. 4n moral 
sense: turpitudo, Inis, f.: v. MEANNESS, 
SHAM EFFULNESS. 
bashaw: Sitripes, is; plu. satrapae- 
V. SATRAP, 
bashful: 1, vérécundus: you are 
too b., nimis v. es, Pl.: a man not too b., 
homo non nimis v., Cic.: a b. Jace, v. 
vultus, Ov. To be or to feel b., vére- 
cundor, 1 (rare): Cic.; Quint. 2, pii- 
dens: Vv. MODEST, SHAMEFACED, 
bashfully: vérécundeé: timidly or 
rather b., timide vel potius v., Cic.: v. 
BLUSHINGLY, MODESTLY. 
bashfulness: 1. piidor: the b. of 
a very modest lad, adolescentuli modes- 
tissimi p., Cic.: v. mopesry. 2. ri- 
bor (lit. blushing; q. v.): Cic.: Liv. 
3. vérécundia: Caesar chided my 
b. in asking favours, Caesar meam in 
rogando v. objurgavit, Cic.: b. in refus- 
ing, V. negandi, Cic.: b. is a fault in- 
deed, but a loveable one, v. vitium qui- 
dem sed amabile, Quint. (Nore. Pudor 
is modesty or the sense of shame in its 
widest extent: verecundia, a modest, 


bashful regard for the feelings of others: 


pudicitia is chastity: rubor, lit. a blush, 
is in its fig. sense equiv. to pudor.) 
basil (a plant): ocimum: Cels.: Plin.: 
wild basil, cinos, i, f. or clindpéddion : 
Plin. 
basilica: biisilica (a building used 
as a court of justice and as an ex- 
change; subsequently as a church) : Cic. 
basilisk: basiliscus: Plin. 
basin: |. A vessel for washing, 
&e.: 1, pelvis, is, #. (derived by Varr. 
from pedes, lavo; being used for the 
feet): Varr.: Juy.: Plin. 2. trulla: 
Varr.: Juv.: v. PAN. 8. truliéum 
(for washing the hands): Varr. LL. 5, 
25. 4, aquaemanilis, is, m. or aqui- 
minale, is, 7. (only for the hands): Varr. 
5. aqualis, is, c. g. (for the hands): 
Bi I]. A veservoir : 1, labrum; 
Virg.: @ marble b., marmoreum 1., Plin. 
2, castellum (only of aqueducts): 
Vitr.: Plin. II]. A dock; q. v.: na- 
valia, ium. IV. Geog. t. t.: the b. of 
a river, *regio cujus omnes aquae in 
unum fluvium funduntur. 
basis: basis, fundamentum: y. BASE, 
FOUNDATION. 
bask: apricor, 1: Cic. 
basket: 1, caliithus (Gr. KadaAos ; 
usu. of a b. for carrying ladies’ worlzing 
materials, flowers, etc.): Virg.: Ov.: u 
small b. of that kind, cAlithiscus: Cat. 
2. canistrum (esp. in plu. and of 
those employed in sacrifices). Cic.: Virg. 
8, cophinus (a large wicker basket) : 
Juv. : Col. 4, corbis, is, f. (— pre- 
ceding): a reaper’s b. (i. e. for holding 
the ears of corn), c. messoria, Cic.: Ov. : 
a small b., corbiila: Pl.: Suet. 5. fis- 
cus (esp. a money-basket) : Cic. : Phaedr, : 
a smaller b. of the kind, fiscina: Cic, : 
Virg.: fiscella: Tib.: Virg. 6. qua- 
lum and qualus (usu. of close wicker- 
work): Hor. (of a lady's wool-basket : 
Od. 3, 12, 4): Virg. (of a larger, coarser 
kind: G. 2, 241): a small b., quasillus 
or quasillum (= Gr. xdAabos; Fest.) : 
Varr.: Cic. 7. sporta (a moderate- 
sized, portable b.): Cato: Plin.: a smaller 
b. of the kind: sportiila, Pl.. Juv. - 
also sportella (for fruit = potile): Cic. 
basket-maker: corbium, calatho- 
rum, ete. textor. 
basking (subs.): apricatio: Cic. 
bas-relief: 
kind of carved or chased work): Ov. 
2. toreuma, tis, n. (of Sigures 
chased on vases, plate, &c.): Cic.: Sall. 
3. anaglypta, orum: Plin. 23K. 
49.—N.B. The last is the most exact 
and technical expression; y. Plin. 1. c.: 
V. RELIEF, 


1, caelamen (of any |. 
| lavantur, Cic. ; 


Vv. MEANNESS, | 


| 








| 


BATHE 








bass: in music: (i) adj. gravis, e. 
a very deep b. tone, sonus sravissimus 
(a8 opp. to &cutissimus), Cic. Phr.- the 
lowest b. pitch, vox resouat quae chordis 
quatuor ima, Hor. (ii) subs, Phr.: to 
sing the b., *voce ima cantare (cf. Hor 
Od. 1, 3, 7), “gravis vocis partes sustinere 
(Kr.): tosing b. to a tune, *soclare yo- 


cem gravem alicui cantui (Kr.): the b, 
o an organ, *fistulae gravioris <n} (Bau. 
ap. Kr.). Thorough b., i.e., the science 


of harmony, *concentus ratio, scientia. 


bass-viol; fides gravioris soni (Kr.). 

bassoon ; *tibia gravioris soni- *gin- 
srina major (Kr.). 

bast: tilia: Plin, 

bastard (adj.): spiirins: h, sons, 8, 
filii, Gai.: Inst.: v. ILLEGITIMATE, 

bastard (subs.) : nothus (Gr. 680s) . 


the b. of Sarpedon, n. Sarpedonis, Virg.: 
Quint.: v. BASTARD (adj.). 

bastardize: *aliquem nothum esse, 
haud justa uxore natum esse, decernere : 
V. ILLEGITIMATE. 

bastardy: *nothi s. filii haud justa 
uxore nati, conditio. 

baste: |. To beat: q. v.: fuste 
caedo. =|]. To pour butter, etc., over « 
*carnem dum assatur lardo aut butyro 
perfundere (or simply perfundere, when 
the context fixes its meaning). 

bastinado (subs.): no exact word: 
the nearest, fustiarium (@ cudgelling) : 
Cic.: Liv. Phr.: to inflict the b. on 
any oné: V.TO BASTINADE. 

bastinade (v.): *plantas pedum fus- 
tibus verberare: v. TO BEAT. 

bastion: 1. turris projecta (ef, 
Witrirs 5% >): 2. propngnaciilum : 
the walls were Strengthened, b.s were 
added, solidati muri, propugnacula ad- 
dita, Tac. 3. castellum: a rampart 
and numerous 6.8, vallum crebraque 
castella, Caes, 

bat: |. A heavy, broad club Sor 
playing: clava lisoria (v. CLUB): Cic.: 
Ov. I]. An animal: vespertilio, Onis, 
m.: Plin.: Macr. 

batch: i.e. prop. the whole quantity 
of bread haked at one time: (nearest 
word) massa (prop. a quantity of dough 
Jor baking): “a little laven jeavencth 
the whole b.” (old E. V. of x Cor. 5, 6), 
modicum fermentum totam m. fermen. 
tatur, Vulg.: hence of other masses ac- 
cumulated: the entire b. of comminuted 
Jigs, tota m. comminutae fici, Col. 12, 
I5: V. MASS, LUMP. Phr.: “a whole b. 
almost of the same leaven”’ (Massinger : 
v. Rich. Dict. s. v.), *cuncti fere ejusdem 
farinae (cf. Pers. 5, 115). 

bate: v. To agare. 

bath (both the place for bathing and 
the water): |. Ordinary : 1. bal- 
néum or bilinéum (a private b.) : Cic.: a 
small b., balnédlum: Sen. 2. balnéae, 


| arum or balnéa, orum (public b.s): the 


b.s on the Palatine, balneae Palatinae, 
Cic.: he changes his b.s, mutat balnea, 
Hor.: small b.s, balnédlae: Cic.: Plin. 
8, balnéaria, orum (private b.s): 
Cie. 4. livatio (a b. in a house: esp. 
the utensil) : the bath was got ready, L 
parata est, Cic.: a silver b., 1. argentea, 
Phaedr. ||, Extraordinary or special: 
1, thermae, arnm (esp. of large public 
edifices, where every kind of convenience 
and luxury for bathing was furnished: 
v. Dict. Ant. p. 193 6.): Sen.: Mart.: 
Plin. 2. quae (esp. of places having 
natural facilities for bathing): Cic. . 
Varr. Phr.: a hot b., calda ‘lavatio 
(Vitr.) ; calida piscina (Plin. Ep.): a Aot 
sweating b., sudatio (Vitr.); sudatorium 
(Sen.): assa (Cic.); laconicum (Vitr., 
Cels.): a swimming b., natatio, Cels,: 
Coel. Aur. (v. Dict. Ant. s, v. 
bathe: 1, la 
vor, lautum, livatum or lotum, 1 and Le 
sons-in-law do not bathe with their 
fathers-in-law, cum soceris generi non 
Caes.: ulso in act. (with 
ellipsis of se): Ter.: Liv. 2. per- 
lor, litus, 3: they b. in rivers, in flumi- 
nibus perluuntur, Caes.: Hor. Bi 
Trans.: and usu. fig.: 1, tingo, 
tinxi, tinctum, 3: to b. bodies in a river, 
flumine corpora t., Ov: to b. a jewel 
07 


BATHER 


BE 


BE 





with tears, gemmam lacrimis t., Ov. : 
to b. with ligit, lumine t., Lucr. 2, 
perfundo, fudi, f.sum, 3: sweat b.d his 
bones and joints, ossaque et artus per- 
fudit sudor, Virg.: Plin.: v. ro WASH. 
Phr.: tod. the bosom with tears, sinum 
lacrimis implere, Virg.: to b. one’s face 
in tears, lacrimis opplere os sibi Ter. : 
her bright eyes b.d in tears, lacrimis 
oculos suffusa nitentes, Virg.: 10 b. one- 
self in tears, in lacrimas se effundere, 
Tac.; largos effundere fletus, Virg. 

bather: qui lavat or lavatur: or, 
esp. in p/., livantes. 

bathing (wbs.): 1, livatio: PL: 
Cic. (lotio, Vitr., lotus, is, Cels.). 2, 
natatio (cold b. and swimming): to 
practise cold b., frigidis n. uti, Cels. 
Phe.: after b’thing, a balineis, Plin. 

bathing-place : esp. in a stream or | 
by the sea~ 2 
artificial b.s, naturales vel etiam manu- 
factae n., Cels. 2, lavacrum: cf. Gell. 


Tes 
bathing-tub: 1. alvéus: Cic. 2, 
labrum: Vitr. 3, sdlium: Liv. 


bath-keever; balnéator: Cic.: a 
emale b., balnéatrix, icis: Petr. 

bathos: *exitus (sermonis) ineptus 
atque ridiculus, tanto hiatu indignus: 
@) fumus ex fulgore (cf. Hor. A. P. 143): 
“ parturiunt montes, nascetur ridiculus 
mus,” ib. 139. Cie 

baton: *scipio: imperatoris insigne. 

battalion: |. 4 body of infantry, 
esp. regarded as part of a regument : cO- 
hors, cOhortis, f. (v. COHORT): Caes.: 
Cic. |]. 4n army in battle-array : 

1, agmen quadratum (formed in an 

oblong square): Cic.: Sall. Q. acies, 
ei, f_: Caes. 

batten: pascor: v. TO FATTEN. 

batter (v.): 1, pulso,1. to b. walls 
with a ram, muros ariete p., Virg. 2, 
pulto, 1 (esp. in comic sense): fo b. 
doors, fores p., Ter.: Pl. 3, verbéro, 
1 (with some explanatory word): An- 
tony b’d Mutina with artillery, Anto- 
nius tormentis Mutinam verberavit, 
Cic. 4, fério, 4: the walls were being 
bd with rams, feriebantur arietibus 
muri, Liv. 5, perciitio, cussi, cus- 
sum, 3 (to shake by battering): although 
the ram has already b.’d the walls with 
effect, murum quamvis aries percusserit, 
Cic. Phr.: to b. down, ariete, tormen- 
tis, dejicere ; destruere, sternere : v. TO 
DEMOLISH, DESTROY.—N.B. If the ref. is 
to modern artillery, the most suitable 
expr. is probably, tormentis oppugnare: 
V. TO ASSAIL. 

batter (subs.): farina lacte, ovis, 
aliisque rebus commixta. 

battering-ram: Aries, étis, m. (an- 
ciently called equus, Veg.): to bring up 
the b. against the walls, (muris) a. ad- 
movere, Liv. 

battery: |. A beating, assault ; 
q. V.: Vis. I. Milit. @2. (i) @ place 
an which cannon ae arranged: *agger s. 
suggestus tormentarius (Kr.). (ii) the 
cannon so arranged: *tormenta in ag- 
gere Ss. suggestu disposita. Phr.: to 
jorm a b., *tormenta disponere, locare. 

[I]. An electrical battery: *machina 

ad vim electricam excitandam (phiala- 
rum Leidensium complexus, Kr. and 
Georg ). 

battle: 1. proelium (only of mili- 
tary engagements): to join b., p. com- 
mittere, Caes.: to fight a b.. p. facere, 
Cic.: to renew a b., p. redintegrare, 
Caes.: to begin b., p. inire, Liv.: the b. 
‘of Pharsalus, p. Pharsalicum, Cic.: a 
disastrous b., p. calamitosum, Cic.; ad- 
versum, Caes.: @ successful b., p. se- 
cundum, Cic.: Ov. 2, pugna (the most 
general term): the horse-soldiers chal- 
lenge our men to b., equites nostros ad 
pugnam evocant, Caes.: a b. of cavalry, 
equestris pugna, Cic.: the naval b. off 
Tenedos, p. navalis ad Tenedum, Cic.: 
Caes.: b.s on land or sea, pedestres na- 
valesve pugnae, Cic.: pitched b.s, pug- 
nae proeliares, Pl. 3, acies, ei, f. (a 
regularly fought field): in the b. of 
Pharsalus, in acie Pharsalica, Cic.: to 
give b., in aciem descendere, Liv. Phr.; 

68 


to prepare for b., saga sumere, Cic. : 
Liv.; ad saga ire, Cic.: Vell.: the b. 
lasted from dawn till evening, a prima 
luce ad vesperam pugnatum est, Caes, : 
to give b.,in certamen descendere, Cic, 
battle-array : cies, ei, 7.: the b. of 
the enemy was descried, hostium a. cer- 
nebatur, Caes.: todraw upan army in 
b., aciem instruere, Caes. : Vv. TO DRAW 
UP. 
battle-axe: 1. bipennis, is, f. 
(with two edges): Hor.: Virg. By 
8.curis, is, f.: Virg. : Hor. 
battle-cry: 1, climor militum: 
Caes.: Liv. , baritus, is (Wf bar- 
barians): Tac.: Amm. 
battle-dore : *palmiila If soria. 
battle - field; locus pugnae : 
FIELD (IT.). 
battlement: pinna: to this ram- 


Vv. 


j, natatio: natural or | part he added a breastwork and b.s, huic 


vallo loricam pinnasque adjecit, Caes. : 
the b. of a wall, p. muri, Liv. 

battue: *venationis qu.ddam genus 
quo ferae una coactae atque conclusae 
trucidantur. 

bauble: ? bulla: cf. Juv. 13, 33: v. 
PLAYTHING, TRIFLE. 


bawda: léna, 7: Cic.: Ov.: v. PAN- 
DAR. 
bawdry;: lénécinium: Pl.: Suet.: 


V. OBSCENITY. 
bawdy: obscénus: v. OBSCENE. 
bawl: 1, clamito, 1: why are you 
bawling ? quid clamitas? Ter.: they 
keep b.ing after me to return, clamitant 
me ut revortar, Pl. 2. proclamo, 1 
(to speak vociferously) : Cic.: Liv. : Virg. 
8. vociféror, 1: v. TO SHOUT. 
bawler: 1, clamator: Cic. ye 
latrator: Quint. 3, proclamator (ofa 
speaker): Cic. 4. bucca (of a de- 
claimer): Juv. 
bawling (subs.): 1, clamor: v. 
SHOUTING. 2. vocifératio (v. ExcLa- 
MATION): Cic.: Quint.—N.B. The full 
sense of the Eng. word may be better 
exp. with an adjunct: as, *clamor inde- 
corus: to indulge in b., *nimia procla- 
matione atque vocis contentione uti. 
bay (adj.): J, bidius: Varr. Q, 
helvus (light bay): a light bay, a colour 
of cows, helvus, color vaccarum, Varr. 
3. spadix, icis (inclining to brown) ; 
Virg. (of horses). 
bay (subs.): |, An arm of the sea: 
sinus, is: the bay curves from the shore 
to the city, sinus ab litore ad urbem in- 
flectitur, Cic.: Virg.: Hor.: v. GULF. 
|I, A tree: 1, lauréa: Liv.: Hor. 
2, laurus, i, f.: Cic.: Tib. (In ad- 
dition to the bay, the ivy had with the 
ancients the symbolical sense of the 
Eng. word: doctarum hederae praemia 
frontium, Hor ). 
bay, at: Pbhr.: tostand at bay, se 
convertere et hostibus opponere (v. TO 
FACE); he stood at b., *constitit ad pug- 
nam paratus: fo keep the enemy at 6., 
*hostes prohibere quominus propius ac- 
cedant: to bring a wild beast to b., *fe- 
ram in angustum deducere et ut se con- 
vertat cogere. 
bay (v.): allatro: v. TO BARK, BARK 
AT. 
bayonet (subs.): *piigio sclopeto 
praefigenda: to charge the enemy with 
the b., infestis pugionibus impetum in 
hostes facere (cf. Caes. B.C. 3, 93): 
*praetentis pugionibus incurrere in hos- 
tem (Kr.). 
bayonet (v.): *pugione fddio, fodi, 
fossum, 3: the infuriated soldiers b.’d 
all the prisoners, *irati milites captivos 
omnes pugionibus sclopetis praefixis 
foderunt. 
bay-window: *fénestra prominens ; 
fenestra arcuata (only of a rounded 
one): V. PROJECTING, ARCHED. 
bazaar: no exact word: perh. *fo- 
Tum rerum venalium s. mercium mi- 
norum cujusque generis (Kr. gives sim- 
ply forum mercatorum, which would 
rather be “ an Exchange’’). 
bdellium: bdellium (both the plant 
and the gum produced from it): Plin. 


Veg. 
be: 1. sum, fui,esse: A. De- 


noting simple existence: (i) In a 
simple proposition: there is a viver 
Arar, flumen est Arar, Caes.: the most 
worthless fellow of all who are, hare 
been, or shull bv, homo nequissimus om- 
nium qui sunt, qui fuerunt, qui futuri 
sunt, Cic, (ii) When a relative clause 
follows, its verb is in the indic. when 
it states a fact; but in the swbj. when 
it expresses a mere conception, or im- 
plies contingency: there are some who 
do not dare to say what they think, 
sunt qui quod sentiunt non audent 
dicere, Cic. (with reference to evrtain 
persons): yet there are offerices which 
(=of such a kind that) we should be 
willing to forgive, sunt delicta tamen 
quibus ignovisse velimus, Hor. (iii) 
The perfect tenses sometimes denote 
the cessation of existence: we Trojans 
have been, Troy has been, and the great 
glory of the Teucrians, fuimus Troes, 
fuit Llium, et ingens gloria leucrorum, 
Virg.: they have ceased to be, fuerunt 
(Cic.'s announcement of the death of the 
conspirators). (iv) The dat. is often 
used with sum to denote with what the 
subject of the verb is connected or to 
what it belongs: their private property 
was scanty, privatus illis census erat 
brevis, Hor.: the name of this place too 
is Troy, Trojae et huic ioco nomen est, 
Liv. (concerning the double dat., v. 
L. G.§ 297). (v) The Latin verbis em- 
ployed elliptically = to be the fact, to be 
possible, &c.: what do you wish me to 
say to you except what is the fact ? quid 
tibi vis dicam nisi quod est? Pl.: what 
you say, Laelius, ts true, sunt ista, Laeli, 
Cic.: there is no veason why we should 
say much, non est quod multa loquamur, 
Hor.: which it is not possible to say in 
verse, quod versu dicere non est, Hor. 
B. In connection with attributives, 
denoting a definite manner of being; 
the verb being merely the logical copula : 
(i) we are at leisure, otiosi sumus, Cic. : 
sometimes with an adv.: as, that enter- 
prise was'unsuccessful for the Volsci, 
frustra id inceptum Volscis fuit, Liv. 
(with an adv. however to be is often 
expr. by habeo: v. infr, 4). (ii) When 
a subs. and an adj. together are em- 
ployed to describe, in connection with 
the verb “ be,” they are in Latin put in 
either the abl. or the gen.: let your 
Friends and mine be of good cheer, bono 
animo sint et tui et mei familiares, Cic. - 
I confess that I have been too fearful, 
spiritless, nimium me timidum, nullius 
animi fuisse confiteor, Cic. (iii) ‘ To be 
a duty, characteristic,” &c. is often ex- 
pressed by sum with a gen.: vashness 
is characteristic of youth, prudence of 
age, temeritas est florentis aetatis, pru- 
dentia. senescentis, Cic.: tt ts the duty 
of a young man tovespect his elders, est 
adolescentis majores natu vereri, Cic. : 
Ptolemy was subject to the will of others, 
Ptolemaeus alieni arbitrii erat, Liv. 
(iv) The object or result (in Eng. simply 
a predicate) is sometimes expressed by 
a dat. dependent on sum (v. L. G. § 
296): you think that this country life 
ought to be a reproach and subject of ac- 
cusation, vitam hance rusticam tu probre 
et crimini putas esse oportere, Cic. 
2. exsisto, stiti, stitum, 3° this is 

= arises; q. Vv.) chiefly the case in the 
greatest intellects, id in maximis inge- 
niis exsistit maxime, Cic.; J fear that J 
am too severe towards him, timeo ne in 
eum exsisiam crudelior, Cic.: v. To 
PROVE, TURN OUT (inér.). 3, versor, I 
(to go in and out amongst ; be engaged 
or situated in any particular way) : 
they saw that the enemy were in our 
camp, hostes in nostris castris versari 
videbant, Caes.: nor shall I be able to 
be among them without disgrace, nec v. 
inter eos sine dedecore potero, Cic.: you 
know not in what great distress I am, 
hescis quantis in malis verser, Ter. : they 
are now in peace, illi nunc in pace ver- 
santur, Cic. 4, habéo, 2 (1isu. with pron. 
reflect.; but the reflect. form is some- 
| times used; and the verb may be em- 
ployed as animpersonal: esp. of manner 





BE AMONGST 


BEAR 





of being, and hence usu, with adv.): he 
seemed to be not very ill, videbatur se 
non graviter habere, Cic.; I am well, 
ego me bene habeo, Tac.: Ilong to know 
how the matter is, scire aveo quomodo 
res se habeat, Cic.: as is the case with 
most human affairs, sicuti pleraque 
mortalium habentur, Sall.: 7 is well, 
bene habet, Cic.: you tell great news, 
hardly credible ,;—and yet it is even so, 
magnum narras, vix credibile;—atqui 
sic habet, Hor. Phr.. so the matter is, 
ita dat se res, poet. ap. Cic.: gust as the 
tume and circumstance might be, prout 
tempus ac res se daret, Liv.: they were 
within a little of being killed, haud mul- 
tum abfuit quin interficerentur, Liv.: 
at would be tedious to relate, longum est 
(not esset) dicere, Cic. (For to be well 
or ill, Vv. WELL, ILL, etc.) 

be amongst: 1, intersum, fui, 
esse (with dat. or prep ): V. PRESENT AT 
(TO BE). 9. versor, I: V. TO BE, 3. 

— between: intersum (with prep. 
or absol.): that the Tiber might be b. 
them, ut Tiberis inter eos interesset, 
Cic.: the region which is b., regio quae 
i, Plin.: v. TO LIE BETWEEN. 

— in or upon: insum (with dat. or 
in and abl.): there were 800 gold pieces 
in the purse, numi ectingenti aurei in 
marsupio infuerunt, Pl.: nor is there 
any ring on the fingers, nec digitis anu- 
lus ullus inest, Ov.: there is some vive 
in manners, vitium aliquod inest in 
moribus, Cic.: in this man there was 
not less truth, huic homini non minor 
veritas inerat, Sall. 

beach: acta, litus: v. SHORE. 

beacon: |. 4 Jire employed as a 
signal : 1. ignis e specula sublatus 
aut tumulo, Cic. 2. praenuntiativus 
ignis: Plin. From the context ignis 
may sometimes suffice: Phr.: to signal 
by means of beacons, ignibus significa- 
tionem facere, Caes.: beacons for direct- 
ing the course of ships by night, noctibus 
ad regendos navium cursus ignes, Suet. 

I]. 4 light-house; q. v.: pharus. 

bead: 1, bacca(poet.): Ov. Q, 
*globiilus perforatus: Vv. GLOBULE. 3, 
Particular kinds of beads. (i) amber 
b.s, €lectra, Sicina: V. AMBER. (ii) coral 
b.s, coralia or coralla: v. CORAL. (iii) b.s 
of any kind of stone or gem: *lapilli 
perforati. (iv) the bs ofa rosary, 
*calculi precatorii, Jan. ap. Kr. 

beadle: |. 4” attendant on certain 

ials: , apparitor: Cic. 2, ac- 
census: Cic.: Liv.: v. APPARITOR, AT- 
TENDANT: university b., *accensus aca- 
demicus: school b., *accensus scholasti- 
cus. I]. 4 parochial officer: aedituns 
(as keeper of the church, or sexton) : 
*mastigophorus, Prud. (as a policeman). 
le; parvus canis vénaticus: Pl. 
beak; rostrum: (i) Of birds: birds 
with a horny and long b., aves corneo 
proceroque r., Cic.: Liv.; Ov. A little 
b., rostellum: Col.: Plin. (ii) Of ships: 
to damage ships with a b., navibus r. no- 
cere, Caes.: the ship received the blow of 
the other's 6. on its side, navis obliqua 
ictum alterius rostri accepit, Liv.: Ov. 

beaked: rostratus: a b. ship, i.e. a 
ship of war, navis r., Cic.: the b. prows 
of ships, ora navium r., Hor.: a b. 
pillar, i.e. adorned with the beaks of 
captured ships, columna r., Virg.: Quint. 

beaker (drinking vessel): 1, po- 
cilum : v. CUP. Q. carchésium: Virg. 

8. ciilullus: Hor. 

beam (swbs.) : |. A large piece of 
timber : 1, tignum: above that place 
they threw two transverse b.s, supra eum 
locam duo t. transversa injecerunt, Caes. : 
Hor.: a small b., tigillum: Liv.: Cat. 

Q. trabs, trabis, /. (sometimes com- 
pacted of several tigna; and generally 
larger) : timbers and b.s, tigna trabesque, 
Lucr.: Caes.: Ov. 3, transtrum (prop. 
of the cross-benches of ships): Caes.: 
Virg.: Vitr. Adj.: tribalis, e, beam-like : 
@ huge beam-like nail, clayus t., Hor.: 
a b.-like weapon, t. telum, Virg. Il. 
The cross-beam of a loom: jigum; Ov.: 
y. Dict. Ant. p. 1100. I. The cross- 
bar of a balance: scipus: Vitr. 


4A sun-beam, |, jubar, aris, n.: Lucr.: 
Ov. 2. radius or r. solis: v. RAY. 
beam (v.): 1, affulgéo (adf.), fulsi, 
2: thy countenance b.’d like the spring, 
instar veris vultus tuus affulsit, Hor. 
2. réfulgeo, fulsi, 2: the auspicious 
star b.s upon the mariner, alba nautis 
stella refulsit, Hor. 8, radio, 1. the 
b.ing moon, radians luna, Virg. 4, 
rénideo: v. TO GLEAM, GLITTER. 
beaming (adj.): liicidus, nitens: v. 
BRIGHT, SHINING. 
beaming (subs.): 1, radiatio: the 
b. of the sun, solis r., Firmic,: the b. of 
marble, marmoris r., Plin. g, nitor: 
V. BRIGHTNESS. 
bean: 1, faba (? the broad bean ; 
but the precise kind is uncertain: both 
of the plant and its seeds, which were 
used as ballots): Cic.: Hor.  Phr.: 
the b. harvest, messis fabacéa, Pall.: a 
crop of b.s, fabalis seges, Varr.: b. stalks, 
fabales stipulae, Ov.; or fabalia, imm: 
Cato: Plin. 2. phisélus, m. and /f. 
(the French or kidney b.): Virg.: Col. 
8. ciboria (the Egyptian b.): Apul. 
4, cyamos, i, m.: Plin. 
bean trefoil: anagyros, i, f.: Plin. 
bear (v.)- |. Te support, sustain, 
carry: féro, tiili, latum, terre, 3 (¢rr.): 
they were able to b. arms, arma ferre 
poterant, Caes,: to b. a corpse upon one’s 
shoulders, cadaver humeris f., Hor.. 
whither the wind bore them, quo ventus 
ferebat, Caes. Fig.: to b. the burthen 
of old age, onus senectutis f., Cic.: to b. 
an attack, impetum f., Caes. Fig.: to 
b. the bell (lit. palm), palmam f., Hor. : 
Cic.: Vv. TO CARRY, SUSTAIN. I]. To 
undergo, submit to: 1, féro, 3: tob. 
a loss with resignation, detrimentum 
aequo animo f., Caes.: the youth has b. 
and done many things (to obtain the 
prize), multa tulit fecitque puer, Hor. : 
should I, who have never borne the inso- 
lence of the most powerful men, b. that 
of this menial ? qui potentissimorum ho- 
minum contumaciam nunquam tulerim, 
ferrem hujus asseclae? Cic. Q. per- 
féro, 3 (to b. through; or patiently): to 
b. cold, hunger, thirst, frizus, famem, 
sitim, p., Cic.: often along with patior: 
as, to endure, to b., not to succumb, pati, 
p., non succumbere, Cic. 3. patior, 
passus, 3: V, TO SUFFER, ENDURE. 4, 
sufféro (rare): to b. the punishment of 
a crime, poenam sceleris s., Cic.: J will 
b. toil, heat, thirst, laborem sufferam, 
solem, sitim, Pl.: vines b. winds and 
rains without wmjury, vites valenter s. 
ventos et imbres, Col. 5, accipio, 
cépi, ceptum, 3 (only in certain phr.): 
to b. the rein, frenum a., Virg.: to b. an 
insult, contumeliam in se a., Ter.: v. 
infr. (V1). |. To wear, have, be dis- 
tinguished by, etc. : 1, féro, 3: to b. 
a name, nomen f., Cic.: Hor.: this was 
the end of Appius’ b.ing an assumed cha- 
racter, ille finis Appio alienae personae 
ferendae fuit, Liv. 2. géro, gessi, 
gestum, 3: to b. a character, i.e. to play 
a part, personam g., Cic. IV. To be 
liable to pay: 1, sufféro, 3: to b. ex- 
penses, Sumptus s., Ter. 2, praesto, 
stiti, stitum, 1: to b. a loss, damnum p., 
Cic.: Vv. RESPONSIBLE, TO BE. V. To 
entertain, cherish; q. V.: géro, 3: they 
bore especial hatred to the Romans, prae- 
cipnum in Romanos gerebant odium, 
Liv. VI. To admit, be susceptible of : 
récipio, cepi, ceptum, 3: the affair will 
not b. further delay, res non ultra r. 
cunctationem, Liv. VII. To bring 
Sorth, produce; q.v.: 1, pario, pépéri, 
partum, 3: she who bore you was like 
you, quae te peperit talis qualis es ipse, 
fuit, Ov. Cic Q, féro, 3: the earth 
b.s crops, terra fruges f., Cic.: a fierce 
lioness bore thee, te saeva leaena tulit, 
Tib. 3. géro, 3: the earth bs the 
violet, violam terra g., Ov.: barren 
planes have borne apples, steriles pla- 
tani malos gessere, Virg.: Vv. TO YIELD. 
Miscell. Phr.: we were able to bear 
|} all our allies harmless, omnes socios 
| salvos praestare poteramus, Cic.: bear 
a hand, companions, adeste, comites ; 


IV. | ov opem ferte, comites (v. To am): tob. moribus: Cic, 


BEAR 





witness; testor: V. WITNESS: to b. com- 
pany; comilor: v. COMPANY: to b. a 
price; V. PRICE: to b. date; v. DATE. 

bear away or off: 1, anféro, 
abstuli, ablatum, 3: to 6. away the credi* 
of anything, famam alicujus rei a., Hor. 
Vv. TO CARRY AWAY. Q, féro, 3: he 
has already bone off the prize in this 
contest, iste tulit pretium jam nune cer- 
taminis hujus, Ov.. he bore off the arms 
(of Achilles), tulit arma, Ov. Fig.- he 
b.s off all the praise, omne tulit pune- 
tum (lit. every vote), Hor. 

—— down: ], Trans.: toover- 
power : Opprimo, pressi, pressum, 3: J 
am borne down by the weight of respon- 
sibility, onere officii opprimor, Cic.: vy. 
TO WEIGH DOWN. Il. Intr.: to en- 
deavour to come up with, esp. by sea; 

1, contendo, di,sum and tum, 3: v. 
TO HASTEN. Q. curro, ciicurri, cur- 
sum, 3 (with compounds incurro {with 
hostile sig.], accurro, concurro; the last 
| of the action of several persons or things) : 
| all the ships bore down to the assistance 
| of their countrymen, omnes naves ad 
|operam ferendam suis concurrerunt, 
Liv. : fig.. envy bore down upon the 
| captain of the plan, invidiam in caput 
consilii ineurrere, Liv. 3. appropin- 
| quo, 1: and now the Romans were bing 
doun upon them (with their fleet), et 
| jam Romanus appropinquahat, Liy.: vy. 
TO APPROACH. 4, cursum jn aliquem 
dirigere, contendere. Liv : v. course. 

—— off: v. To BEAR Away (sunr.). 

——out: |. Lit.: to carry out; 
q. v.: efféro, 3, irr. J. Fig.: to sup- 
port: praesto, 1: Vv. TO WARRANT. 
toortowards: |. Trans.: 
to bring to; q. v.: afféro, 3, irr. Il. 
Intr.: to direct one’s course towards: 
Vv. TO BEAR DOWN (II.). 
up: |, Trans.: tosupport: 
q. v.: sustineo,2. jj, Intr.: to main- 
tain ones sprit, endure: 1, obsisto, 
stiti, stitum, 3 (with dat.): to b. up 
under pain, dolori 0., Cic.: to b. up under 
the heat of the sun, 0. Phoebo, Ov.: 
|V. TO RESIST. QQ, sustineo, tinii, ten- 
tum, 2: to b. up with digiculty under 
the weight of armour, vix arma s., Liv. : 
to b. up under present ills, mala prae- 
sentia s., Cic.: v. TO ENDURE. 

—— upon (intr.): |, Of missiles, 
artillery, etc.. to strike, affect: Plr-: 
he at length got his artillery to b. upon 
the enemies’ ships, *tandem tormenta ita 
disposita habuit, ut tela eorum in naves 
hostium inciderent, or naves hostium 
ferirent: to bring a battering-ram to b. 
upon the walls, arietem muris admovere, 
Liv. [J, To have reference to; q. v.: 
pertineo, 2. Phr.: to b, too hard upon 
any one, acerbius in aliquem invebi, Cic. 

—— with: i.e. to put up with, en- 
dure ina friendly way: 1, morem 
géro, gessi, gestum, 3: ah! b. with me, 
ah! gere morem mihi, Pl : you must 0. 
with the young men, gerendus est tibi 
mos adolescentibus, Cic.: v. TO HUMOUR, 
COMPLY WITH. 2. féro, 3 (less strong 
than the preceding): Jam full of joy; 
b. with me, gaudeo; fer me! Ter.: 
whom should one b. with if not his own 
Sather? quem ferret, si parentem non 
ferret suum? Ter.: who would 6. with 
a lad, if he were to pronounce an opi- 
nton? quis ferat puerum, si judicet? 
Quint. 

bear (subs.): |, An animal; ursus, 
m.: Hor.: Liv.: Plin.. ursa, f. {out 
sometimes without reference to sex) 
Virg.- Ov. Pbhr.: bear's blood, sangui 
ursinus, Col.. bear’s grease, adeps ursi- 
nus, Plin. {J A constellation: (i) the 
double constellation, consisting of the 
Great and the Little Bear: ], arctos, 

I efea VIR shone Q. septentridnes, 
um, m.: Cic.: Ov. 8. triones, um, 
m.: Virg.: Ov. (ii) the separate con- 
stellations: the Great Bear : ursa major: 
| Ov.: Suet.: major septentrio: Vitr.: 
the Little Bear: ursa minor: Ov.: Suet.: 
minor septentrio: Cic. Il}. 4 rough, 
morose person: 1, homo agrestis: 
Cic. . homo durior et oratione et 


69 














BEAR S-BREECH 


bear’s-breech } (a plant) : acanthus, 

bear’s-foot ' i, m.: Virg.: Plin. 

bear’s-wort (@ plant): meum (atha- 
manticum): Plin. 

beard (subs.) ; |. Of men or 
other animals; 1, barba: to let the 
d. grow, b. promittere, Liv.: to trim 
the b., b. tondere, Cic.: to shave off the 
b., b. abradere, Plin.: the first b., b. 
prima, Juv.: to pluck a man by the b., 
homini barbam vellere, Hor.: a 0. 
combed (or hanging) down over the 
breast, propexa in pectore barba, Virg. : 
the b.s of he-gouts, barbae hircorum, 
Plin. 2. barbala (a small or young 
b.): Cic.: Plin. 3, mentum (includ- 
ing the lower part of the face: Vv. CHIN), 
the king's grey b., incana menta regis, 
Virg.: Plin. 4, lanugo. i.e. the first 
down of the beard; v. DOWN. I. Of 
plants: 1, barba~ the b. of nuts, b. 
nucum, Plin. 9, arista (of corn = 
awn): Varr.: Cic. 

beard (v.): |. To seize by the beard: 
barbam alicui vello, vulsi, vulsum, 3: 
Hor. I]. Zo defy openly: Phr.: the 
people b.’d its Icings, populus regibus suis 
contumax erat, Sen.: to b.a lion in its 
den, leoni in latebra sua obviam ire (?). 

bearded: 1. barbatus: b. Jupiter, 
Jupiter b., Cic.: Hor.: a b. he-goat, b. 
hirculus, Cat.: 6. mullet, b. mulli, Cic.- 
ab. nut, b. nux, Plin. 2. barbatiilus 
(dim. and implying coxcombry): 0b. 
young men, b. juvenes, Cic. 8, inton- 
sus (i.e. unshaven; poet.): owr b. an- 
cestors, intonsi avi, Ov.: b. Cato, i. Cato, 
Hor. (Apollo also has the epithet, being 
ever young and unshaven; Hor.). 

beardless: 1. imberbis, e: Apollo 
was b., Apollo i, erat, Cic.: a 6. youth, 
i. juvenis, Hor. 9. intonsus: poet. 
epithet of Apollo: cf. BEARDED (3). 

bearer: |, In gen. sense ; porter, 
carrier, q. V.: bajillus. Il. The b. of 
a litter, lecticarius: Cic.: Sulp. ad Cic. 

Il. The b. of a corpse: vespa, ves- 

pillo (but only of the very poor: in the 
case of the rich, friends or relatives acted 
as b.s: Dict. Ant. p. 5594). Phr.: to 
hire b.s for a corpse, cadaver portandum 
locare, Hor. Sat. 1, 8, 9: they exclaim 
that his corpse should have senators for 
b.s, conclamant corpus ad rogum humeris 
senatorum ferendum (efferendum), Tac. 

bearing (subs): |, Conveyance : 
expr. by part of fero, ll. Gesture, 
mien; q. Vv." gestus. Uh. Relative 
situation, esp in navigation. Phr.: we 
observed the bearings of the lighthouse, 
*animadvertimus in quam regionem 
pharus spectaret ; 07 quem situm habe- 
ret: Vv. ASPECT, SITUATION. IV, Re- 
lation, reference; q.v. Phr.. this ar- 
gument has no b. on the subject, hoc 
argumentum nihil ad rem pertinet: v. 
TORELATE. Y, In heraldry: insignia: 
V. ARMS. 

bearish: agrestis, mOrdsus: v. RUDE. 

bear-warden: 1, Arctéphylax, 
cis, m.: the 6. commonly called the 
waggoner, A. qui vulgo dicitur Bootes, 
Cic. 92. Bootes, ae, m. (strictly the 
waggoner): Cic.l.c.: Ov. 3, *custos 
ursarum (lit. trans. of 1). 

beast: | An irrational animal: 

], béliia (belliia): (esp. applied to 
large animals): of b s none is more sa- 
gacious than the elephant, elephanto be- 
luarum nulla prudentior, Cie.: the na- 
ture of man surpasses that of cattle and 
other bs, natura hominis pecudibus reli- 
quisque beluis antecedit, Cic.: @ savage 
b., b. saeva, Hor. Fig.: avarice, a wild 
b., avaritia b. fera, Sall. 2. bestia 
(esp. of savage b.s): if this ts apparent 
in b.s, how much more in man? si hoc 
apparet in bestiis, quanto magis in ho- 
mine? Cic.: to send any one to the wild 
b.s, i. e. to compel him to jight with them 
in the arena, ad bestias aliquem mit 
tere, Cic : to condemn to fight with the 
b.s, ad bestias condemnare, Suet. By 
féra (prop. an adj. with the ellipsis of 
bestia: hence, a i/d beast, esp. as game ; 
y. v.): Cie.: Caes.: Hor. Less freq., 
férus, masc.: Phaedr. 1, 21, 8: Virg. 
Adj. férinus: of wild b.s, pertaining to 
10 








BEAT 


wild b.s: the flesh of wild b.s, f. caro, 
Sall.: the slaughter of wild b.s, caedes 
ferina, Ov. 4, bestidla (a litile b., an 
insect): Cic. 5, pécus, tdis, f: Vv. 
BRUTE, CATTLE. 6, jamentum (6. of 
burthen, but not the ox): b.s of burthen 
and waggons, jumenta et carri, Caes. : 
bs of burthen and ozen, jumenta bo- 
vesque, Col. 7, armentum (b. of 
draught, esp. an oz: also a herd: 
q. v.): Cie.: Tac. |, A brutal man: 
1, béliia (bell.): come now, you b., 
do you believe uhat he says? age nune, 
b., credis huic quod dicat? Ter. ). 
bestia: you are a horrid b., mala tu es 
b., Pl. 3, _pécus, iidis, 7. (one brutally 
insensible) : the plan of that b., istius 
pecudis consilium, Cic. : v. BRUTE. 
beastliness: obscénitas: v. FILTHI- 
NESS. 
beastly ; obscénus: v. FILTHY. 
beat (v.): An evens: . 220 
strike: (i.) of persons: 1. caedo, 
cécidi, caesum, 3 (to b. so as to bruise 
or cut): to b. any one with the fists, ali- 
quem pugnis c., Pl.: they were beaten 
to death with rods, virgis ad necem 
caesi sunt, Cic. 2. concido, 3 (6. 
severely): to b. @ man severely with 
rods, hominem virgis c., Cic.: Juv. 
3. mulco, 1 (to handle roughly, 
maul): he b. the master himself and 
all his slaves, ipsum dominum atque 
omnem familiam mulcavit, Ter.: they 
were severely beaten with clubs and 
sticks, male mulcati sunt clavis et fus- 
tibus, Cie. 4, verbéro, 1: lictors well 
practised in b.ing men, lictores ad ver- 
berandos homines exercitatissimi, Cic.: 
Suet. 5, pulso, 1 (including all kinds 
of knocking about: whereas verbero 
properly means verberibus caedere, to 
scourge): to b, and scourge men, ad 
pulsandos verberandosque homines, Liv 
6. In pass. vapiilo, 1 (to be beaten): 
I was hired to cook, not to be beaten, 
coctum non vapulatum conductus fui, 
Pl.: to be beaten with cudgels, fustibus 
vapulare, Quint. Fig.: to be beaten 
(i.e. lashed, abused) by the speech of 
all men, omnium sermonibus vapulare, 
Cic. (ii.) both of persous and of things - 
, pulso, I (the most common 
word): to b. the ground with the foot, 
terram pede p., Ov.: Hor.: the (moun- 
tan) top is beaten with wind and rain, 
caput vento pulsatur et imbri, Virg. : 
to b. the air with hoofs, p. calcibus 
auras, Sil.: to b, the doors, fores p. Ov. : 
also archaicé, in torm pulto: he b.s his 
breast with his fingers, pectus digitis 
pultat, PL. Q, tundo, tutidi, tunsum, 
and tusum, 3 (esp. with @ noise of strik- 
ing): to b. the breast with the hand, pec- 
tora manu t., Ov.: to b. the ground with 
the foot, terram pede t., Hor.: to b. the 
hoarse cymbals, cymbala rauca t., Prop. 
8, pavio, 4 (rare): the sea b.s the 
sand, pavit aequor arenam, Lucr.: to b. 
the earth, terram p., Cic. (only in an 
etymological passage). 4. plango, 
planxi, planctum, 3 (chiefly poet. and 
with reference to the sound produced) - 
the waves b.ing the rocics, fluctus plan- 
gentes saxa, Lucr.: to b. a timbrel with 
the hands, tympana palmis p., Cat. 
Phr.: they will 6. you black and blue, 
te pingent pigmentis ulmeis, Pl. : to b. 
a retreat, signum dare receptui, Liv. ; 
also, receptui canere, Caes.: Cic. il. 
To defeat (q.v-): 1, stipéro, 1: Tvas 
not beaten by him (of Hector and Ajax), 
haud sum superatus ab illo, Ov.. v. vo 
OVERCOME. 2. pello, pépuli, pul- 
sum, 3: the army was b.en by the Hel- 
vetit, exercitus ab Helvetiis pulsus est, 
Caes.: Cic.: to b. far greater forces of 
the enemy, multo majores adversariorum 
copias p., Nep.: V. TO ROUT, VANQUISH. 
B. Intrans.: 1, palpito, 1- 
the heart b.s, cor p., Cic. 2. salio, ii, 
saltum, 4 (usu. of more violent motion) : 
my heart b.s violently, cor s., Pl.. the 
veins b., venae s., Ov.: Vv. TO THROB, 
3, @mico, ui and avi, atum, 3: the 
region where the heart b.s, locus qua 
cor emicat, Vell Phr.: you stated the 
simple fact plainly, and did not b. 














BEATING 


about the bush, aperte ipsam rem modo 
locutus, nihil circuitione usus es, Ter.: 
what occasion is there to b. about the 
bush ? quid opus est circuitione et am- 
fractu? Cic. 
back or off: répello, abigo: 
Vv. TO DbIVE BACK. 
down: |. To strike down : 
1, déjicio, jéci, jectum. 3: the bal- 
lista b.s down the watt ballista d. 
murum, Auct. B. Hisp. Fig.: to Bb 
any one down from his position, ali- 
quem de statu (suo) d., Cie. (Sometimes 
appy. intrans. in Eng.: as, the winds b. 
down from the lofty mountains, venti 
praealtis montibus se d., Liv.) a 
sterno, stravi, stratum, 3 (to lay flat) : 
the walls were beaten down with the ram, 
muri ariete strati sunt, Liv.: the crops 
are beaten down to the ground, sternun= 
tur segetes, Virg.- v. TO LEVEL. Il. 
Fig. : to chvapen in buying : aliquid ex 
summa (pretiv) detrahere, Cic. Att. Io, 
5, fin.: he wanted to b. down the price, 
voluit minoris emere: Vv. TO BUY. 
inorinto: A, Trans: 
|. Lit.: 1, perfringo, frégi, fract- 
um, 3: to b. in gates by force, portas 
vi p., Lucan: to 6. in a@ man’s skull, 
*alicui caput p. : v. TO BREAK THROUGH, 
9. illido, si, sum, 3: the prow beaten 
in (by the rocks), pvora illisa, Virg.: he 
b.sin his skull with the cestus, and 
dashes out the brains, caestus effracto 
illisit in ossa cerebro, Virg. J, Fig.: 
to b. anything into one: Vv. TO INCUL- 
CATE, B, Inutrans.: to force a way 
in; esp. of wind, rain: the rain b. 
into the house in torrents, *imber se in 
aedes effusis aquis immisit. 
——in pieces: 1, contundo, com- 
minuo: v. TO BREAK IN PIECES, POUND. 
9, élido: v. TO DASH IN PIECES. 
out: |. To drive out by 
beating; esp. of corn, etc.: exciitio, 
extéro: y. TO THRESH OUT. Phr.: J 
will b. out the fellow's brains, homini 
cerebro excutiam, Pl.: v. TO DASH OUT. 
||. To make thin by beating: 1, 
extendo, di, sum and tum, 3 (with 
malleo): to b. out parchment with a 
hammer, ex. malleo chartam, Plin.: toa 
b. out gold very thin, *aurum ad subtil- 
issimam tenuitatem malleo extendere, 
2. malleo téniio, 1: Plin. 3: 
proctido: i.e, TO FORGE: q. Vv. 
up: Phr.: tob. up food with 
eggs, cibum ovis obligare, Apic.: to b. 
up the enemies’ quarters, castra hostium 
ex improviso adoriri (v. TO ATTACK): 
to b. up vigorously Jor recruils, *milites 
summa diligentia conquirere. 
upon: 1. déjicio, jéci, jec- 
tum, 3 (with ref. pron.): had not such 
a deluge of rain b. upon them, ni se 
tanta vis aquae (in eos) dejecisset, Liv. 
2. ingruo, 3: the rain and hail 
b.ing vehemently upon them, *ingruente 
imbre et grandine: the tron shower bs 
upon them, ferreus in. imber, Virg. 
Phr.: the wave b.s upon the shore, fluctus 
se in Litore illidit, Quint. : the winds came 
and b. upon that house, and it fell, ve- 
nerunt venti et irruerunt in domum 
illam et cecidit, Vulg. Matt. vii. 27. 
beating (subs.) : |. In gen.; a 
striletig : , ictus, Us: (to move 
to the b. of feet in rhythm, ad ictus 
modulantum pedum moveri, Plin.: fo 
shake windows with 7; eated b., ictibus 
crebris quatere fenestras, Hor.: v. BLOW, 
STROKE. Q, planctus, as (chiefly of 
the breast, as a marle of grief): Sen.: 
Tac. 3, plangor (in the same sense): 
Cic.: Virg. 4, percussio (of time, in 
music): Cic.: Quint. 5, pereussus, 
tis. the b. of the veins, p. venarum, 
Plin. 6, palpitatio (of the heart): 
p. cordis, Plin. Il. B. of a person: 




















| verbéra, um, 7. (lit. blows): this fellow 


will get a b., huic homini parata erunt 
v., Ter.: to give any one a b., aliquem 
verberibus caedere, Ter.: also simply, 
verbero: v. TO BEAT, FLOG. To get a 
b., vapiilo,1. v.TO BEAT. Phr.; What 
a b. I would have given you, had I not 
been angry, quomodo te accepiseom nisi 
iratus essem, Cic. 


BEATEN 





BECOME 





beaten: tritus (only of roads)- a b. 
road, t. iter or t. via, Cic. 

beatific: béatificus- Apul.: Aug. 
(But for the most part beatus may 
better be used.) 

beatification: in beatorum nume- 


ram ascriptio. 
beatify: |. To bless, make happy : 
q. Vv. : beo I. ¢. ¢. in the Romish 
Church: in numerum beatorum, in can- 
Onein sancterum referrey M. L.. vy To 
CANONIZE. 
beatitude: beatitiido- v. 
NESS 
beau: homo elegans, bellus homo. 
V. FOP, LOVER. 
beauteous: Y BEAUTIFUL. 
beautifier: 1. qui (quae) ornat, 
etc. 2. (Of a lady’s-maid): orna- 
trix, Icis, f.: Ov. Suet 
beautiful: 1, pulcer, cra, crum . 
ab. maiden, virgo p., Ver.: O b. face! 
O faciem pulcram'! Ter.: a b. boy, puer 
p., Cic. a b. colour, p. color, Lucr : 
b. tunics, p. tunicae, Hor.: features b. 
rather thun attractive, vultus p. magis 
quam venustus, Suet. 2. formosus 
(prop. of the beauty of form): most b. 
maidens, virgines formosissimae, Cic.- 
the most b. season of the year, f. annus, 
Virg. 3. candidus (of the beauty of 
colour or complexion; prop. fair): a b. 
girl, c. puella, Cat.- a b. foot, c. pes, 
Hor. : b. arms, c. brachia, Prop. i 
décorus (of the beauty which arises 
from fitness and p:opriety): b. eyes, d. 
oculi, Virg.. a b. countenance, facies d., 
Hor. 5. vénustus- v. GRACEFUL. 
6, praeclarus (very sine; distin- 
guished: q.v.) a very b. face, vultus 
p., Lucr.: a city in a very b. situation, 
urbs situ praeclaro, Cic.; v. CHARMING, 
LOVELY, PRETTY. 
beautifully: pulcré: b. said, p. 
dictum, Ter.: Cic. As an exclamation 
Ter.: Hor.: v. GRACEFULLY, CHARM- 
INGLY. 
beautify: orno: v. TO EMBELLISH, 
ADORN. 
beauty: 1. puleritido (the most 
general term): there are two kinds of 
6.; inome of which there is grace, in the 
ather dignity, pulcritudinis duo genera 
sunt, quorum in alterv venustas est, in 
altero dignitas, Cic.: the b. of a city, 
urbis p., Hor.: the b. of virtue, p. vir- 
tutis, Cic.: the b. of words, p. verborum, 
Quint.: a@ woman of remarkable b., 
mulier eximia p., Cic. 2. forma 
(prop. b. of shape, and only of persons) : 
the gods had given to you b., di tibi f. 
dederant, Hor.: Cic. 3, candor (prop. 
of the complexion): b.s of person, cor- 
poris candores, Pl.: false b., fucatus c. 
(of stv’) Cic. 4, cdlor (poet. and in 
the same eense): O handsome boy, trust 
not too much to b.! O formose puer, 
nimium ne crede colori! Virg.: Hor. 
5. venus, Eris, f. (i. e. charm, grace, 
attractiveness): a play of no b., fabula 
nullius v., Hor.: Isucrates strove to attain 
all b.s of style, Isocrates omnes dicendi 
v. sectatus est, Quint. Phr.: to culti- 
vate the sense of b., *elegantiam colere: 
the b.s of nature, amocnitates locorum, 
Cic.: (Vv. LOVELINESS): meietricious b.s 
(of style), lenocinia, Quint.: the b.s of 
an author, flosculi alicujus scriptoris, 
Sen.: to search for an author’s b.s, flos- 
culos captare, Sen.; ingenia maximo- 
rum virorum summatim degustare, Sen. 
beaver : |, An animal: ; 
castor, Oris, m. (kagrwp): Juv.. Plin, 
A b. skin, castdrina pellis, Edict. Diocl. 
2. fiber, bri (the proper Latin 
name): Plin.: Sil.: 6. skins, fibrinae 
pelles, Plin. — |, 4 hat mace of beaver 
Jur: *galérum e fibri pilis contextum. 
Vv. HAT. lil. @ part of a helmet: 
bucciila: Liv.: Jey. 
fico (@ small bird): ficédila: 
Plin.: Juv. (*alauda pratensis: Linn.). 
becalm: perh. only in p. part. be- 
calmed: Phr.- to be b., vento destitui, 
deseri: cf. Liv. 30, 24; Pl. Most. 3, 
2, 48. 
because: N.B. The various Latin 
equivalents for this conjunction are foll. 


BLESSED- 





by either the indic. or the subj. in ac- 
cordance with the general principles 
which regulate the use of the moods. 

1, quia: the city is named Neapolis 
b. it was built last, urbs, quia postrema 
aedificata est, Neapolis nominatur, Cic. : 
no one avoids pleasure merely b. it is 
pleasure, but b. great pains befall those 
who know not how to pursue pleasure 
rationally, nemo ipsam voluptatem, 
quia voluptas sit, fugit, sed quia conse- 
quuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione 
voluptatem sequi nesciunt, Cic.. Virg. 

2. quod (less emphatic than quia) : 
the city was named Tyche b. there was a 
temple of Fortune in it, urbs quod in ea 
Fortunae fanum fuit, Tyche nominata 
est, Cic.: Caesar answered that he had 
the less hesitation b. he remembered those 
things, Caesar respoudit eo sibi minus 
dubitationis dari, quod eas res memoria 
teneret, Caes.- v. THAT (con7.) 3: 
propterea quod (more precise than quod 
pone: they said that they intended to 
march through the province (simply) b. 
they had no other road, dixerunt sibi 
esse in animo iter per provinciam facere 
p. quod aliud iter haberent nullum, 
Caes. 4, pro eo quod (for pro in this 
Sense V. ACCORDING TO): Hannibal had 
been invited by his hosts b. his name was 
in great renown with all, Hannibal pro 
eo quod ejus nomen erat magna apud 
omnes gloria, invitatus erat ab hospiti- 
bus, Cic. (For because of, expressed in 
Lat. by a prep., Vv. ON ACCOUNT OF; 
FOR.) v. SINCE, AS. N.B. The cause or 
reason is often expressed in Latin by a 
participial clause~ Caesay sent a deputy 
into Epirus, b. he thought that the war 
would be prolonged, Caesar lougius bel- 
lum ductum iri existimans, in Epirum 


| legatum misit, Caes.: the Gauls could 
jnot fight with any ease, b. their left 


hands were hampered, Galli, sinistra 
impedita, satis commode pugnare non 
poterant, Caes. 

beck (subs.): niitus, is: to be ready 
ata b., ad n. paatum esse, praesto esse, 
Cic. 

beck (v.): v. TO BECKON. 

beckon: |. To nod: q.v.: an- 
nuo. I]. 70 signal to any one by nod 
or other gesture. 1, innio, iii, itum, 
3 (with dat.): let there be no tarrying 
if I but b., ne mora sit si innuerim, PI. : 
to b. to any one by shaking a whip, 
commota virga alicui in. (al. ann.), Juv. 

2, anniio, 3 (rare in this sense: 

prop. to assent by giving a nod): b.ing 
to him to know whether he should draw 
his sword, annuens an destringeret gla- 
dium, Tac.: v. TO NoD TO. 3. sig- 
nifico, 1: with some defining word: as, 
nutu s., Ov.; manibus s., Caes.: v. TO 
sicniry. Phr.: to b. the enemy to come 
on, nutu hostes vocare, Caes. 

become (=be made): 1, fio, fac- 
tus sum, fiéri: the state became wiser 
by training, disciplina doctior facta est 
civitas, Cic.: the bones b. stone, ossa lapis 
f., Ov.: and from a god you shall b. a 
bloodless body, eque deo corpus fies ex- 
sangue, Ov.: he will suddenly b. a bristly 
boar, fiet subito sus borridus, Virg.; 7 
wish to ask what has b. of my younger 
son, volo erogitare meo minore quid sit 
factum filio, Pl.- what will b. of my 
brother? de fratre quid fiet? Ter.: what 
will b. of the arts? quid fiet artibus? 
Cic.: what will b. of me? quid inihi 
fiet? Ov. 2, tvado, vasi, vasum, 3 
(pointing more definitely to the issue: 
to turn out): he judged that they could 
not 6. orators, judicabat eos non posse 
oratores e., Cic.: the minds of the people 
b. effeminate, molles mentes e. civium, 
Cic. 3, exsisto, stiti, stitum, 3 (prop. 
to stand forth, arise: q. v.): for these 
reasons I have b. advocate in this case, 
his de causis ego huic causae patronus 
exstiti, Cic. 4, exorior, ortus, 4 (to 
spring forth, arise suddenly: q. a 
Gyges suddenly became king of Lydia, 
Tepente Gyges rex exortus est Lydiae, 
Cic.—Nore. To become, esp. in connexion 
with adjectives, may often be expr. by 
weans of an inceptive verb: as, to b. 


BED-CHAMBER 


ee ee 
rich, ditesco; to b. white, albesco; to b, 
old, senesco, etc.: for which v. RICH, ete, 
become (= 10 be suitable, to adorn): 
1, décét, déciit, 2 (in 3 pers. sing, 
and pl. only, but usu. impers. : the person 
whom is expr. by acc.: v. L. G.§ 242): 
this dress b.s me, baec vestis me d., PI: 
Ov.: Plin.: tt does not b. you to be 
angry with nee, non te mihi irasci decet, 
Pl.: you act as b.s you, facis ut te decet, 
Ter.: nothing ts more dificult than to 
see what is b.ing, nihil est difficilius 
quam quid deceat videre, Cic.: Hor, 
2. convénit, vénit, 4 (usu. foll. by 
ace. and inf.): tt does not b. a general 
to travel in company with a mistress, 
haud convenit una ire cum amica impe- 
ratorem in via, Ter.: what less bs this 
order ? quid minus in hune ordinem 
convenit? Cic.: v. BECOMING (adj.). 
becoming (adj.): 1, décorns: a 
white colour is most b. for a god, color 
albus praecipue d. deo est, Cic.: to ad 
mire nothing but what is honourable 
and b., nihil nisi quod bonestum d.que 
sit admirari, Cic. 2. décens, entis: 
a b. motion, d. moius, Hor.: a more 
b. dress, decentior amictus, Quint: vy 
SUITABLE. 
becomingly: 1. décenter: b. sad 
d. moesta, Ov.: to weep b., d. lacrimare 
Ov.: Hor. 2. digné: b. dressed, d 
ornata, Pl.; Hor. 3, hinesté (honour 
ably, q. v.): they behave very b., valde 
se h. gerunt, Cic.: Hor.: vy. svurTaBLy 
PROPERLY. 
becomingness: décor: vy. 
BLENESS, FITNE*S, PROPRIETY. 
bed: |. A piece of furniture for 
sleeping or resting upon: 1. cibile 
is, n.: my b. is the ground, mihi est ¢ 
terra, Cic.: to ascend the (marriage 
b. of Jove, Jovis ascendere c., Virg.: v, 
COUCH. 2. lectus: he told me that 
| you were in b., dixit mihi te in lecto 
| esse, Cic.: to be confined to one’s bed, 
lecto teneri, Cic.: a b. for sleeping in, 
1. cubicularis, Cic.: a bridal b., 1. genia- 
lis, Cic.: Prop.; 1. jugalis, Virg.: to get 
out of b., e lecto surgere, ‘Ler.: to make 
a b., i.e. to arrange it for sleeping in, 
1, sternere; Pl.: Cic. 3, lectins (a 
small bed): he got out of b., surrexit 
e lectulo, Cic. 4, torus (chiefly poet.) - 
the b. of the ancients was of straw, antt- 
quis torus e stramento erat, Plin.: Deu- 
calion with the partner of his b., Deu 
calion cum consorte tori, Ov. ‘ 
stratum (in the ts very often pl.): 
a soft b., molle rade. Suet.: bam 
seems hard, mihi dura videntur strata, 
Ov.: to leap from one’s b., stratis exst- 
lire, Ov.: Virg. Phr.: he orders his 
b. to be made in the fore-part of the 
house, jubet sterni sibi {n prima domus 
parte, Plin.: to go to b., cub{tum ire. 
Cic.; dormitum ire, Pl.: she és confined 
to her b., he is well, haec cubat, ille 
valet, Ov.: fo be brought to b. of a son 
filum parére, Cic. Il. Marriage - 
q. V.: connibium. II]. 4 space in a 
garden : 1, aréa: Col.: to lay outa 
garden in b.s, hortum areis distinguere, 
Plin. 2. arédla (a small b.); Col 
3. forus: Col. Phr.: ower-b.s, 
floralia, ium, Varr.. a b. of roses, rosa 
rium, Virg.: Col. IV. A channel - 
q. v.: alvéus: Hor, V. Any hollow 
place, formed artificially: 1, ciibile 
Vitr. 2. cibictilum: Vit. Yj, 4 
layer, stratum: q. v. 


SUITA 


bed (v.): rare, and chiefly in part. 
bedded : v. DYBEDDED. 

bedabble: oblino: v. To BEDaus 
BESMEAR. 

bedaub: lino, illino, oblino, per 
ungo; inquino: v. TO BESMEAR, BE- 
FOUL, 


bed-chamber: 1, ctbiciilum: 

l.: Cic.: also dormitorium cubiculum, 
Plin. ep. 5, 6, 21; but be subsequently 
uses cubiculum alone several times: we 
also find dormitorium without cubicu- 
} lum, Plin. N. H. 30, 6, 17. The term 
cubiculum was also applied to rooms 
for resting during the day: hence c 
diurna nocturnaque, Plin. ep. 1, 3, Xe 
Phr.: a b. lamp, cubdicularia lucerna, 

"I 





BED-CLOTHES 


BEFORE 


BEG 





Mart.: ships furnished with b.s, naves 
cubiculatae, Sen.: a gentleman or lord 
of the b., decurio cubiculariorum, Suet. 
2. thalamus (a bridal-chamber : 
-q. v.): Virg.: Ov. 
bed-clothes: 1, stragulum (gen. 
term for any bed-covering: Varr. L. L. 
5, 35, 167): Sen. ep. 8%, 2, distinguishes 
between stragulum and opertorium ; 
the former answering appy. to our 
blanket, the latter to the coverlet. 
Spertorium (rare): Sen. v. supr. 3) 
strata, orum: Lucr. (far more freq. 
= bed: q. V.). 4, lodix, icis, f. (also 
used in pl., v. Quint. 1, 6, 42): Juv.: 
Pollio ap. Quint. l.c. Dimin. lddicitla : 
Suet. Aug. 87 (appy. used for a coverlet 
or blanket): Petr. 
bedding: Vv. BED, BED-CLOTHES. 
bedeck: orno, décbro: v, TO ADORN, 
DECK. 3 
bedecked;: décorus: leaders b. with 
purple, ductores ostro d., Virg.. Phoebus 
b. with shining bow, Phoebus fulgenti 
d. arcu, Hor. Q. insignis, e: v. CON- 
spicuous. (Or by p. part. of orno, etc.) 
bedew: i.e. to moisten with dew: 
but usu. fig. or poet., as to b. with tears, 
ete. 1, irrdro, 1 (with acc. and abl., 
or dat. and acc.): to b. the eyes with 
tears, oculos lacrimis ir., Sil.: they b.’d 
their garments and head with a libation 
of water, libatos irroravere liquores ves- 
tibus et capiti, Ov.: v. TO MOISTEN, 
Q. perfundo, ftdi, fisum, 3: “ b.’d 
with Viquid odours” (Milt.), perfusus 
liquidis odoribus, Hor.: v. DEWY. : 
bed-fellow: consors or socius tori 
(in prose better, lecti): Ov. Fem.: sdcia 
tori (lecti), Ov. M. 10, 268, 
bed-hangings: aulaea, orum’ v. 
CURTAINS. 
bedim: obsciro: v_ TO DIM, OBSCURE. 
bedizen;: “fucatis lenociniis, nimiis 
munditiis, exommare: v, FINERY; TO 
ADORN. 
bedlam: insanis receptaculum. v. 
MADHOUSE. 
bedlamite; homo insanus: v. MAD- 
MAN. 
bed-post: 1, fulcrum: Virg.: 
Prop.: Suet. 9, fulmentum: Cels. 
bedrench: Vv. TO DRENCH. 
bed-ridden: (?) lecto affixus. (So 
Kr., Georg. etc.: cf. Hor, Sat. 1, 1, 81, 
‘si casus lecto te affixit”: but the 
reference here is to temporary conjine- 
ment to one's bed only): perh. lecto in 
perpetuum affixus. 
bed-room: V. BED-CHAMBER. 
bed-stead; sponda: Ov,: Petr. 
bed-time: hora somni. Suet. 
bee; apis or apes, is, f.: a swarm 
of 6.s, apum o7 apium examen, Cic.: 
honey-making b.s, melliferae a. Ov. : 
bs feed on thyme, thymo pascuntur 
apes, Virg.: the sting of a b., apis acu- 
leus, Cic.: king b. (i. €. queen), rex, 
Virg.: Col. (who also uses the terms 
princeps and dux): a little b., dpicila: 
Pl.- Plin.: the young (or grubs) of b.s, 
pulli, Col.; or collectively, pullities, 
progenies, Col. 
bee-bread: érithacé, és, f.: Plin. 
bee-eater (a bird): mérops, opis, /. : 
Virg. 
bee-hive: 1, alvéus: Col.: Plin. 
9. alvus: Varr.: Plin. 8, alve- 
arium: Varr.: Virg.: Col. 4, alvéare, 
is,n.: Virg.: Plin.: v. also APIARY. 
pbee-keeper: 1. mellarius: Varr. 
Q. apiarius: Plin. 


beech-tree: fagus, i, f.: Caes.: 
Virg. 
beechen: 1, faginus: b. foliage, 


f, frons, Ov.: b. cups, pocula f., Virg. 
9. faginéus: a b. trough, alveus f., 
Ov. 3, fagéus: a b. grove, lucus f., 
Plin. 
pbeech-nut: glans, glandis, /. (used 
of all similar products: v. ACORN): Cic. : 
Virg. 
beef: 1, bibiilacairo: Plin. 2, 
bubila: roast b., assa b., Pl.: Cels.: salt 
b., b. salita: a b. steak, *ofella (offula) 
bubula: cf. Mart. 10, 48, 15; or *frustum 
bubulum: cf. Virg. A. I. 210, where 
the frusta are evidently “ steaks”’: q. v, 
72 








beer: 1, cerevisia or cervisia (the 
word used by modern writers of Latin) : 
Plin. 2. zythum: Plin.: Col. (Tac. 
Ger. 23, describes beer as “humor ex 
hordeo aut frumento, in qnandam simi- 
litudinem vini corruptus.’’) 

beet: béta: Plin.: white b., *b. 
alba, Linn.: red b., b. rubra vul- 
garis, Linn.: beet-roots, pédes bétacéi, 
Varr. 

beetle (subs.): |. A rammer : 
fisttica: Caes.: Plin. |]. An insect: 
scérabéus or scaraibaeus: Plin. (A kind 
of large horned b. was called lucanus 
(al. lucavus): Nigid. ap. Plin. 11, 28, 34. 

beetle (v.): promineo: v. TO PRO- 
JECT, OVERHANG. 

beetle-browed: Phr.: a b. man, 
*homo superciliis prominentibus. 

beeves, boves: v. OXEN, CATTLE. 

e : 1, contingo, tigi, tactum, 

3 (with daf.: and usu. of what is agree- 
able to one’s wishes): whom so many 
advantages have so suddenly b.’n, cui 
tam subito tot contigerunt commoda, 
Ter.: slavery has often b’n powerful 
nations, servitus potentibus populis 
saepe contigit, Cic. 2. obtingo, tigi, 
3: Lam glad that that has b.’n you as 
you desired, istuc tibi ex sententia tua 
obtigisse laetor, Ter.: Cic. 8, événio: 
Vv. TO HAPPEN, FALL OUT, 





befit : convénio: v. TO BECOME, SUIT, 
BE FITTING. 

befitting (adj.): décens: v. BECOM- 
ING, FITTING. 

befool; lidificor: v. To DELUDE, TO 
DECEIVE. 

before: A. Prep.: 
of : 1, anté (with ace.): I see him 
b. the house, eum ante aedes video, Pl. : 
he sends all the cavalry b. him, equi- 
tatum omnem ante se mittit, Caes.: 
behind me was Aegina, b. me, Megara, 
post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, 
Sulpic. ap, Cic.: Tac. 2, prae (with 
abb.: of what is only a little way on 
before: usu. with verbs of motion, and 
esp. before pron. reflect.) : he drives the 
herd b. him, prae se armentum agit, 
Liv.: he sent the unarmed b. him, prae 
se inermes misit, Sall. 3. pro (the 
most usu. prep. for directly in front of : 
with abl.): they were on guard b. the 
gates, pro portis in statione erant, Caes. : 
Cic.: Tac.: v. IN FRONT OF. 4. db 
(of that which presents itself, esp. to the 
eyes: with acc.): a mist b. the eyes, ob 
oculos caligo, Pl.: death has often ap- 
peared b. his eyes, mors ob oculos saepe 
versata est, Cic. §, adversus (=oppo- 
site to: with acc.): he dresses every day 
b. a mirror, quotidie ad. speculum orna- 
tur, Gell. (a rare idiom). Phr.: he 
draws up his forces b. the camp, copias 
ante frontem castrorum struit, Caes.: I 
see a ship sailing b. the wind, video 
navem secundis ventis cursum tenen- 
tem suum, Cic. Il. im the presence 
of (usu. with an implication of autho- 
rity or jurisdiction) : 
plead a cause b. the praetor, causam 
ante praetorem dicere, Cic. 2. ad 
(esp. after such words as to speak, ac- 
cuse, defend) : no one could bring you b. 
the Roman people, nemo te ad populum 
R. adducere poterat, Cic.: this is the 
usual course b, a gury, ad judices sic agi 
solet, Cic.: to accuse any one b. a prae- 
tor, aliquem ad praetorem reum facere, 
Liv. 3, apiid (with acc.: used in 
similar cases to ad, but more fre- 
quently): he was brought to trial b. a 
jury, apud judices reus est factus, Cic. : 
he spoke b. the senate, verba apud 
senatum fecit, Cic.: Caesar made an 
harangue b. the soldiers, Caesar apud 
milites contionatus est, Cuaes. 4. 
coram (with abl.): what did you dare 
to say b. my son-in-law? c. genero meo 
quae dicere ausus es? Cic,: V. PRESENCE 
or, IN. Phr.: to bring any one b. a 
court of justice, aliquem in judicium 
adducere, Cic. lil. Zn preference 
to: 1, anté: whom I love b. myself, 
quem ante me diligo, Cic.; the Greeks 
were b. the Romans in eloquence, fa- 
cundia Graeci ante Romanos fuerunt, | 


|. In front 


1. anté: to} 





Sall. 
RISON WITH, IN; MORE THAN. IV 
Preceding (in time): 1, anté: 6b. 
this day, ante hune diem, Yer.: Db. 
night, ate noctem, Hor.: b. the foun- 
dation of this city, ante hane urbem 
conditam, Cic.: b. the proper time, ante 
tempus, Liv. 2. supra (with ace.: 
infrequent): a little b. the present gene- 
ration, paulo s. hanc memoriam, Caes. : 
Liv. N.B. When “before’’ is con- 
nected with verbs of motion, it is gen. 
expressed in Latin by the prefixes of 
the verbs: the lictors used to go before 
the praetors with two fasces, lictores 
praetoribus ante ibant cum fascibus 
duobus, Cic.: Pompey had gone b. the 
legions, Pompeius legiones antecesserat, 
Cic. : the lictors used to go b. the consuls, 
consulibus lictores praeibant, Cic. B. 
Adverb: |. Of time: 1, ante 
(with either an abl. or an ace. which 
denotes duration, and is not dependent 
on ante): a very few days b., perpaucis 
ante diebus, Cic.: you were lost four 
years b., ante quadriennium amissus es, 
Tac. : some years b., aliquot ante annos, 
Suet. : I foresaw long b. that there would 
be a storm, multo ante prospexi tempes- 
tatem futuram, Cic. 2, antéquam (a 
kind of conjunction, and used to con- 
nect clauses: sometimes written as two 
separate words): that he might see you 
b. he died, ut te ante videret quam e 
vita discederet, Cic.: you will have no 
letter from me before I am settled some- 
where, antequam aliquo loco consedero, 
literas a me non habebis, Cic.: I was 
always his friend b. he became an enemy 
to his country, ei fui semper amicus 
antequam ille reipublicae est factus 
inimicus, Cic. 8, prius (rare): all 
things have been tried b., cuncta prius 
tentata, Ov. 4. priusquam, or sepa- 
rately prius....quam (Vv. antéquam) : 
they are here b. it dawns, priusquam lu- 
cet, assunt, Pl.: b. he attempted any- 
thing, he ordered the brother to be called 
to him, priusquam quidquam conaretur, 
fratrem ad se vocari jubet, Caes.: nor 
did they give over flight b. they arrived at 
the river Rhine, neque prius fugere de- 
sliterunt quam ad flumen Rhenum per- 
venerunt, Caes.: Cic. (Concerning the 
mood which follows priusquam, v. L. G.) 
Phr.: the day b. I came to Athens, 
pridie quam ego Athenas veni, Cic.: v. 
FORMERLY, PREVIOUSLY, ABOVE. Ul. 
Of space: prae: go you b., maiden, i 
tu prae, virgo, Pl.: go b., I will follow, 
i prae, sequar, Pl. Phr.: if he come 
into Gaul he will be hemmed in behind, 
b., on his flanks, a tergo, a fronte, a 
lateribus tenebitur, si in Galliam vene- 
rit, Cic. N.B. “ Before” as an adverb 
is very often expressed by the prefixes 
of the Latin verbs: as, fo bear b., ante- 
fero; to go b., anteeo, etc.: for which 
see the several words. 

beforehand (adv.): usu. expr. by 
prep. prae in compos.; as, to receive 
money b. from any one, pecuniam ab 
aliquo praecipere, Cic.: this first I tell 
you b., hoc primum tibi praedico, Ter. . 
to be b. in stealing a kiss, praeripere 
dulcia oscula, Lucr.: to six the expense 
of a funeral b., sumptum funerum prae- 
finire, Cic.: to seize on places b., loca 
praeoccupare, Liv. Phr.: to be b. 
(with any one), i. €. TO ANTICIPATE: 
q. V.: praeverto. 

befoul: 1, inquino, 1: tobe b.’a 
with ordure, merdis inquinari, Hor.: 
Pl. 2, foedo, 1: the harpies b. every- 
thing, Harpyiae omnia f., Virg.: v. TO 
POLLUTE, DEFILE. 8. concaco, £ (fo 
b. with ordure): Phaedr.; Sen. 

befriend; adjiivo: v. FRIEND; TO 
FAYCUR, ASSIST, etc. 

beg: |]. To request or ask for 
earnestly : 1. péto, ivi and ii, itum, 
3 (with ab and abl. of the person from 
whom ; the object of the petition being 
expressed either by an acc., or by a 
clause with ut or ne): to b. for peace, 
pacem ab aliquo p., Caes.: to ask and 
b. earnestly, rogare et vehementer p., 
Cic.: I b. and entreat you not to, ete., 


2, prae (with abl.): v. COMPA- 


—— a 


BEGET 





peto et oro ne, etc., Petr.: with dat. 
of person on behalf of whom : to b. the 
life of a guilty person, vitam p. no- 
centi, Tac.: Cic. NB. Peto (=Gr. 
airéw), usu. denotes a position of infe- 
riority either real or assumed on the 
part of the suitor. 2. contendo, di, 
sum and tum, 3 (esp. with peto: to 
beg earnestly): he requested and most 
earnestly b.'d of me that I would defend 
his relation, a me petebat et summme 
contendebat ut suum propinquum de- 
fenderem, Cic.: so, a te etiam atque 
etiam peto atque contendo, Cic. 3. 
précor, 1: V. TO PRAY, BESEECH, 4, 
déprécor, 1 (to b. earnestly for: also 
often, to b. that some evil may be avert- 
ed): to b. for peace, pacem d., Cic.: to 
6. nothing for oneself, nihil pro seipso 
d., Cic,: to beg the senate to forego their 
anger, ad deprecandam iram senatus, 
Liv.: my client b.’d for the life of 
many persons from L, Sulla, multorum 
hic vitam est a L. Sulla deprecatus, 
Cic. 5, posco, pbposci, 3: b. pardon 
of the gods, posce deos veniam, Virg. 
(but posco usu. implies a claim: v. 
TO ASK, syn.). 6, exposco, pdposci, 
3 (stronger than simple verb): to b. 
for the battle signal, signum proelii ex- 
poscere, Caes.: Tac.: v. TO ASK, RE- 
QUEST, ENTREAT. ll. Zo ask for 
alms: mendico, 1: it does not become 
me to live by b.ing, me non decet 
mendicantem vivere, Pl.: he lives on 
Food that he has b.’d for, mendicato pas- 
citur cibo, Ov. Phr.: to b. from door 
to door, stipem ostiatim petere: to hold 
out one’s hand to b., manum ad stipem 
porrigere, Sen.; manum concavam asses 
praebentibus praebere, Suet. 
beget: 1. gigno, génii, génitum, 
3° Jupiter begot Hercules, Herculem 
Jupiter genuit, Cic.: Ov. Fig.: this 
virtue itself b.s friendship, haec ipsa 
virtus amicitiam g., Cic.; anger begot 
Savage enmities, ira genuit truces inimi- 
citias, Hor. 2. généro, 1: Oebalus 
whom Telon is said to have begotten, 
Oebalus quem generasse Telon fertur, 
Virg.: Vv. TO PRODUCE. 3. créo, I 
(esp. poet.) : Silvius b.s Aeneas Silvius, 
Silvius Aenean Silvium c., Liv.: Hor. 
Fig.: the resemblance b.s error, errorem 
c. similitudo, Cic. 4. procréo, 1: to 
b. sons by any one, de aliqua filios p., 
Cic. Fig.: the tribunate, whose first 
rise we see begotten amid civil war, tri- 
bunatus cujus primum ortum inter 
arma civium procreatum videmus, Cic. 
5, suscipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (prop. 
to take up, i. e. to acknowledge offspring) : 
you had begotten children not Jor your- 
self only, but for your country also, 
Susceperas liberus non solum tibi sed 
etiam patriae, Cic.: Ter. 6. tollo, 
sustuli, sublatum, 3} (=suscipio): he 
begot children by Fadia, ex Fadia libe- 
ros sustulit, Cic.: Suet. 7. pario, 
pépéeri, partum, 3 (to give birth to: v.70 
BRING FORTH): Fig.: truth b.s hatred, 
veritas odium p., Ter.: v. T0 GET, CAUSE. 


begetter: 1. génitor: Cic.; Hor, 
Fy générator: Cic.: Virg. St 
créator: Cic.: Ov. 4. procréator: 


Cic. §, sator (poet.): Virg.: Phaedr.: 
V. FATHER. 

begetting (subs.) : 1. satus, iis: 

ucr.: Cic. 2. créatio: Ulp. 3 
procréatio: Cic. (Or usu. better expr. 
by part. of verb: as for the b. of chil- 
dren, propter liberos creandos, ete.: v. 
TO BEGET.) 

beggar (subs.) : |. One who asks 
for alms : 1, mendicus : from b.s to 
become suddenly rich, ex mendicis fieri 
repente divites, Cic.: Hor.: Ter. oO: 
mendicabilum (a term of greater con- 
tempt) : a street-b., circumforaneum 
m., Apul.: b.s of men, i.e. beggarly jel- 
lows, mendicabula hominum, Pl. 3; 
(A female b.) : mulier mendica (for men- 
dicus is prop. an adj.). I]. A very 
poor person: égens, entis: he had made 
them wealthy jrom being b.s, locupletes 
ex egentibus fecerat, Caes.: v, NEEDY, 
INDIGENT. 

beggar (v.): Phr.: he will b. his 


BEGIN 


| father by his abandoned conduct, per 
flagitium ad inopiam rediget patrem, 
Ter.: they are in a hurry to b. them- 
selves, ad mendicitatem se properant de- 
trudere, Pl.: Iwill not b. myself, me in 
paupertatem non detrudam, Lac. 

beggarliness: mialignitas: v. Pro- 
VERTY, MEANNESS. 

beggarly: mendicus. b. luncheons, 
prandia m., Mart. Fig.: a b. instru- 
ment, instrumentum m., Cic.: in a b, 
way, mendicé, Sen.- Tert. Phr.: b. 
Jellows, mendicabula hominum, Pl. : v. 
MEAN, CONTEMPTIBLE. 

beggary, mendicitas: to be in the 





greatest b., in summa m. esse, Cic.; Pl, : 
V. POVERTY, INDIGENCE. 
begging (subs.): mendicatio: Sen. 
Phr.: to get one's living by b., mendi- 
cantem vivere, Pl.; v. TO BEG (I1.). 
begin: 1, (coepio), coepi and 
coeptus sum, 3 (the imper/ect tenses are 
rare and occur in the early writers 
only): I began to love, amare coepi, 
Ter,: when a pass. verb follows, the 
pass, form of the perfect is used; as, 
these things had begun to be discussed 
between them, eae res inter eos agi coep- 
tae erant, Caes.: the battle began, pugna 
coepit, Liv.: he who has begun has done 
half his task (=‘well begun is half 
done’), dimidium facti, qui coepit, ha- 
bet, Hor.: you began better than you 
end, coepisti melius quam desinis, Ov. 
. incipio, ceptum, 3 (the most 
usual word: but the perfect act. tenses 
do not occur): these things have been 
begun, haec sunt incepta, Ter.: the corn 
crops were b.ing to ripen, maturescere 
frumenta incipiebant, Caes.: they are 
b.ing to carry on war, bellum gerere 
incipiunt, Cic.: he had been struck 
where the leg b.s, ictus erat qua crus 
esse incipit, Ov.: the king b.s (to speak), 
rex incipit, Sall.: to b. a work, opus in., 
Liv. N.B. To b. with or at is expr. 
with prep. a or ab: té seemed best to b. 
with Egypt, in rem visum est ab 
Aegypto in., Justin: so, one portion of 
them (the Gauls) bs with the river 
Rhone, eorum una pars initium eapit a 
flumine Rhodano, Caes.: v. infr. 3 
occipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (less frequent) : 
tob. a song, cantionem oc., Pl.: the play 
was begun, fabula occepta est agi, ‘ler. : 
to b. to drive a herd, armentum agere 
oc., Liv. 4, ordior, orsus, 4 (usu. of 
the first of a series, Gr. apyecv, and esp. 
of speaking or writing): to b. a conver- 
sation, sermonem or., Cic.: let us b. 
with the simplest facts, a facillimis or- 
diamur, Cic.: let my speech conclude 
with the same subject as it began with, 
unde est orsa, in eodem terminetur ora- 
tio, Cic.: thus the prophetess began to 
speak, sic orsa loqui vates, Virg. 5. 
exordior, 4 (like ordior): he began to 
speak, dicere exorsus est, Cic.: to b. 
with truth, a veritate ex., Cic.: he b.s 
in these words, his verbis exorditur, 
Tac.: to b. a war, bellum ex., Liv.: fo 
b. entreaties, preces ex., Ov. 6, 
drior, ortus, 4 (to arise, have its origin: 
hence not foll. by an infin.) : this fear 
Jirst began with the tribunes, hic timor 
primum ortus est a tribunis, Caes.: the 
conversation b.s with him, ab eo sermo 
or., Cic. 7. ingrédior, gressus, 3 
(prop. to enter on: q.v.): tob. to speak, 
dicere ingredi, Cic.: thus Venus began 
(to speak) in reply, sic contra est in- 
gressa Venus, Virg.: tob. a long jour- 
ney, longinquam profectionem in., Suet. 
8, institio, ti, itum, 3 (prop. to 
form, appoint: hence to b. anything 
which involves purpose, plan, custom, 
or the like) : proceed as you have begun, 
perge ut instituisti, Cic.: the Gauls 
began (habitually) to fortify their 
camps, Galli castra munire instituerunt, 
Caes.: Phidias can b. a statue from the 
Jirst and finish it, Phidias potest a 
primo in. signum idque perficere, Cic. 
9, committo, misi, missum, 3 
(prop. to put or match together : hence 
usu. of some kind of contest): to b. 





(=join) a batile, pugnam c., Cic.: the 


games were begun, ludi committeban- | 


BEGINNING 


| tur, Cic. 10, initium facio, cipio 
sumo, 3° to b. a narrative, in. facere 
| narrandi, Sall.: to b. a massacre with 
| any one, caedis in, ab aliquo facere, Cic. 

Caes.: V- BEGINNING. ll, inchéo, 1 
| (which usu. implies leaving un finished) ; 
| ¥. TOCOMMENCE. Phr.: heb.s tospeak, 
infit farier, Virg.: or simply, infit, Liv.; 
b. your journey at once, carpe viam, 
| Virg.: to b. life anew, quasi ad carceres 
|a calce revocari, Cic.: few men since 
| the world began have been found to, eters 
| pauci post genus hominum natum re- 
| perti sunt qui, etc., Cic.: he began well 
|and ended ill, ex bonis initiis malos 
| eventus habuit, Sall. N.B. When the 
| verb “to begin” is followed by words 
denoting a state, the phrase fs fre- 
quently to be expressed by a Latin in- 
ceptive verb: the sun b.s to shine, sol 
lucescit, Virg.: the sea b.s to be hot, un- 
da calescit, Ov. 








. The person who be- 
: they were unwil- 
ling to be the b.s of the war, auctores 
belli esse nolebant, Caes.: v, ADVISER, 
PROMOTER. 2. inceptor wy: rare) : 
Ter. 8, Usu. better expr. by part of 
verb: as, agreeable to b.s, incipientibus 
jucundus, Quint. : the praise of the b. is 
not that of the finisher, *incipientis ac 
perficientis haud eadem laus : be you the 
b. Menalcas, incipe, Menalca! Virg. 
Il. An inexperienced person, a 
learner (v. also supr.): tiro: he is inno 
respect a b. and inexperienced, nulla in 
re tiro ac rudis est, Cic.: Quint.: Ov. 
a young 0., tirunciilus, Sen.: Juy. 
Phr.: heis a b. in politics, rudis est in 
re publica, Cic.. b.s will hardly dare 
to expect to attain to perfect eloquence, 
vix se prima elementa ad spem tol- 
lere effingendae eloquentiae audebunt 
Quint.. he is a mere b., *prima ele- 
menta discit. the imitation of their 
school-fellows is easier for b.s, incipi- 
entibus condiscipulorum facilior imita- 
oe Quint. Lm tof b 
eginning : . The act of b.: 
incenein ae Cic. (More usu. expr. 
by part of verb: as, the mode of b., 
incipiendi ratio, Cic.): v. TO BEGIN, 
I]. The commencement itself . 
initium: one part of Gaul takes its b, 
Jrom the Rhone, una Galliae pars in, 
capit a Rhodano, Caes.: to make a b., 
in. facere, Cic.; v. TO BEGIN (10): the 
senate in the b. (i.e. at first) was of this 
opinion, senatus initio ita censuit, Cic.; 
also in pL, a thing that had a small b., 
res ab exiguis profecta initiis, Liv. 2, 
principium: to have neither b. nor end, 
nec p. nec finem habere, Cic. : at the b., 
principio, a principio or in principio, 
Cic. Obs. Initium, says Kr., has rela- 
tion simply to time, and is opposed to 
exitus: whereas principium denotes the 
b. of an action as that on which the 
sequel is based: Vv. PRINCIPLE. 3 
exordium (esp. in rhetoric): the b. of 
evil, ex. mali, Cic.: I have often ob- 
served that the greatest orators aye ner- 
vous at the b. of their speeches, saepe 
animadverti summos oratores in dicend 
exordio permoveri, Cic. 4, exorsus 
lis (rare): the b. of a speech, orationis 
ex., Cic. 5, inceptum (more usu. in 
pl.: V. UNDERTAKING): let it be kept till 
the end such as it was at the b., servetur 
ad imum qualis ab incepto processerit, 
Hor. 6. ingressio (entrance on: 
rare): Cic. 7, ingressus, ts (i. q. in- 
gressio) : at the b. of a work, in ingressu 
operis, Quint.: Virg. 8, commissio 
(only of public games): Cic.: Suet, 
Phr.: at the b. of summer, inita aestate, 
Caes.; ab ineunte aestate, Cic.; inci- 
piente aestate, Plin.: at the b. of spring, 
vere novo, Virg.: the bs of battles, 
prima proelia, Liv.: from the b. of the 
world, post homines natos, Cic. (‘not ab 
initio mundi,’ Kr.): cf. TO BEGIN (fin.). 
Ill. Rudiment, earliest state : 1 
élémentum: the first b.s of Rome, prima 
el. Romae, Ov.: the b.s of vicious de- 
sire, el. cupidinis pravae, Hor. 2. 
riidimentum: v. RUDIMENT. 3, exor- 





dium: the b. of the city, ex. urbis, Suet- 
13 


BEGIRD 





BEHOLD 





4, primordium (usu. pi.) : 
world, primordia mundi, Ov.: 
“V. ORIGIN, PRINCIPLE. 
begird: cing, accingo: v. TO GIRD. 
begone: apagé: Pl.: begone out of 
my sight, extemplo meo e conspectu 
abscede, Pl.; te hinc amove, Ter.: v. 
BE HANGED. 
begrimed: squalens, 
GRIMY. 


the b. of 
Liv.: 


squalidus: v. 


begrudge: invideo, parco: v. TO 

GRUDGE. 
eae : To cheat, decevve, 
fallo. I. To wile away ; to re- 


ae from imperceptibly (mostly poet.) : 
1. décipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: he is 

b.d of his sufferings by the sweet me- 
lody, dulci laborum decipitur (—Gr. 
TrOvwv emAavOaverat) sono, Hor.: so I 
b. the day, sic decipio diem, Ov. 2. 
fallo, féfelli, falsum, 3: they b. the in- 
tervening hours by ecerainait medias 
fallunt sermonibus horas, Ov.: seeking 
to b. one’s care, now by wine, now by 
sleep, jam vino quaerens, jam somno f. 
curam, Hor. 

beguiler: fraudator: v. DECEIVER. 

be of, in oron: pro(with abl.) : 
Divitiacus spoke on b. of the Sequani, 
locutus est pro Sequanis Divitiacus, 
Caes.: each of them strove on his oun b., 
pro se quisque eorum certabat, Cic. : 
he besought the R. people on my b., po- 
pulum R. pro me obsecravit, Cic.: v. 
FOR, ON ACCOUNT OF, SAKE. 

behave: 1, géro, gessi, gestum, 
3 (with pron. refiect.): Ihave acted upon 
your advice as to how I should b. to- 
wards Caesar, quonam modo gererem 
me adversus Caesarem usus tuo consilio 
sum, Cic.: they b. very honourably, 
valde se honeste gerunt, Cic.: fo b. too 
thoughtlesslu, se inconsultius gerere, 
Liv.: to b. as a citizen, se pro cive g., 
Cic. Q. itor, sus, 3 (with abl.): if 
he knew how to b. towards kings, si 
sciret regibus uti, Hor.: it did not be/it 
the prudence of Antigonus to b. so to- 
wards him though conquered, non hoc 
convenire Antigoni prudentiae, ut sic se 
uteretur (al. deuteretur) victo, Nep. 
(Obs. se gerere refers to the character in 
which a person shows himself; utor to 
the way in which he acts towards ano- 
ther.) §, consilo, sili, sultum, 3 (esp. 
of a deliberate act: with de or in and 
acc.): itis not becoming to b. arrogantly 
towards any one in time of prosperity, 
in secundis rebus nihil in quenqnam 
superbe c. decet, Liv.: tob. in an un- 
friendly way towards any one, de aliquo 
inimice c., Liv.: v. MEASURES, TO TAKE. 
Phr.: he o d asa friend, amicum age- 
bat, Tac. (but the ph. usn. signifies to 
act a certain part: q. v.): they veminded 
him how liberally he had b.d to them be- 
Jore, commemorarunt istum quam libe- 
Taliter evs tractasset antea, Cic.: he b.d 
not as the king’s heir but as the king, 
nec heredem regni sed regem gerebat, 
Just.: v. TO ACT. 

behaviour: mores, um, m. (includ- 
ing however character as well as man- 
ners): his b. is temperate and moderate, 
est temperatis moderatisque moribus, 
Cic.: very agreeable b., suavissimi m., 
Cic.: you ought to have imitated your 
grandfather's b., imitari avi mores de- 
bebas, Cic.. your b. is very unbecoming, 
*minime te decent istim. Phr.: your 
b. towards me has been unfriendly, ini- 
mice te in me gessisti: rules for one’s 
b. towards friends, praecepta quibus 
docetur quomodo amicis uti oporteat = 
Vv. TO BEHAVE: the propriety of all 
your attendants’ b. towards others, om- 
nium qui tecum sunt pudor, Cic.: v 
MANNPRS: and for various specified 
kinds of b., v. MODESTY, ATTENTION, 
IMPUDENCE, etc. 

behead: 1, seciri fério, 4, or per- 
ciitio, cnssi, cussum, 3 (ihe former usu. 
in imperf. tenses): Cic.: Liv. OM 
securi néco, t(lessfrequent): Liv. 3, 


détrunco, 1: bodies b.'d with a sword, 
ladio detruncata corpora, Liv. 4. 
lo, 1: Sen. Apocol.: Suet. N.B. 


The axe (securis) was the legitimate 
74 





instrument of decapitation; hence se- 
curi ferio, etc. are the proper expr. for 
the punishment of beheading: detrunco 
is to sever a man's head from his body, 
in battle or elsewhere (=caput alicui 
praecidere, abscidere): decollo is a late 
and inclegant word. 

beheading (subs.): usu. expr. by 
phr.: as to panish by b., securi ferire: 
b. was an ancient Jorm of capital pu- 
nishment with the Romans, *Romanis 
antiquitus usitatum in dammatos gladio 
animadvertere: v. TO BEHEAD. (N.B. 
The substantive decollatio is of no good 
authority: cf. TO BEHEAD, 4.) 

behest: jussum: v. COMMAND 

behind: A. Prep.: |. At the 
back or in the rear of : 1, post (with 
acc.): b. our camp, post nostra castra, 
Caes. : black care is seated b. the horse- 
man, post equitem sedet atra cura, Hor. : 
to throw bones b. one's back, ossa post 
tergum jactare, Ov. 2. poné (with 
acc.: esp. after verbs of motion): go b. 
us, pone nos recede, Pl.. they went b. 
the camp, p. castra ibant, Liv.: hands 
bound 6. the back, vinctae p. (post; 
Virg.) tergum manus, Tac. Phr. you 
have left b. you no burthen on any one, 
nullum onus cuiquam reliquum fecisti, 
Cie. Phr.: to malign a friend b. his 
back, absentein rodere amicum, Hor. : 
v. BACK. I]. Jn a state of inferiority 
to post: nor was Lydia b. Chloe, ne- 
que erat Lydia post Chloen, Hor.: v.! 
AFTER, INFERIOR. B. Adverb: 

1, post: the slaves who were 6., 
servi qui p. erant, Cic.: to fight before 
or b., ante aut p. pugnare, Liv. 
pone (v. supra): to move both lefore 
and b., et ante et p. moveri, Cic, : to come 
b., p. venire, Prop.: following b., p. se- 
quens, Virg. 3, retro (less frequent) 
I have a certain voom b., un the remotest 
part of the house, est mihi in ultimis 
conclave aedibus quoddam, r., Ter.: Cic. 
4, a tergo (esp of military opera- 

tions): the pirate left b. (him) a great 
part of the city, pirata a tergo magnam 
partem urbis reliquit, Cic.: the enemies’ 
army closed in the Romans before and 
b., Romanos a fronte et ab tergo hostium 
acies claudebat, Liv.: to attack anyone 
JSrom b.,aliquema tergo adoriri, Cic. N.B. 
‘This adverb is sometimes expressed by 
the prefix re, esp. when it is pleonastic 
in English; it is less freq. represented 
by sub: he was not to look b., ne respi- 
ceret, Cic.: he left Fabius b. with two 
legions, Fabium cum legionibus duabus 
reliquit, Caes.: the woods hold the mud 
left b. in their foliage, silvae limum 
tenent in fronde relictum, Ov.: Catulus 
remained b.,we went down to our skiffs, 
Catulus remansit; nos ad naviculas 
nostras descendimus, Cic.: you think 
that there is something b., which must 
be guarded against, subesse aliquid | 
putas quod cavendum sit, Cic.: to kick 
out b., recalcitrare, Hor. 

behindhand: Phr.: the consul 
promises that he will not be b. in sup- 
porting the senate, consul senatui se 
non defuturum pollicetur, Caes.: the 
work is b., *opus parum procedit, tar- 
datur: v. IN ARREAR. 

behold (v.): 1. conspicio, spexi, 
spectum, 3: to b. the rising of the sun, 
solis ortum c., Cic.: at length she bs 
the citadel of Minerva, tandem Trito- 





nida conspicit arcem, Ov.: v. TO LOOK 
AT, SEE. 2. conspicor, 1. v. TO 
CATCH SIGHT OF. 8. tiéor, tiitus, 2 


(poet.): v. TO GAZE. 

behold (as an exclamation) : 3 ks 
eccé (regularly followed by nom., but 
sometimes by acc.): but b., I see the old 
man, ecce autem, video senem, Ter. 
gust as I am writing this, b., here is 





your friend Sebosus, quum haec maxime 
scriberem, ecce tibi Sebosus! Cic.: 4 
me (=here I am), ecce me, Ter.: Pl.- 
in the comic writers ecce often contracts | | 
with eum, eam, eos, eas, into eccum, | 
eccam, etc.: Pl.- ler. Ecce is often | 
used to call attention to something 
about to be said: when it indicates sur- 
prise only: as, b., the news comes, ecce 


BELIEF 





nuntiatur, Cic. 2. @n (constr. same 
as ecce): b., the consul is here, he says, 
consul en, inquit, adest, Liv.: Pl. 
used like ecce to call attention to what 
is to be said; when it aenotes indig- 
nation or irony: as, b. what interpre- 
ters of treaties, en foederum interpretes ! 
Cic.: v. Lo. 

beholden: obnoxius: fam b.tomy 
wife, uxori ob. sum, Ter.: all Greece 
was 6. to the Romans for the blessing of 
its freedom, to\a Graecia beneficio liber- 
tatis obnoxia Ktomanis erat, Liv.: v. 
OBLIGED. 

beholder: spectator (often of spec 
tators at plays, etc.: q. v.): or esp. im 
pl. spectans: as, do not all things fill 
the b.s with admiration ? *nonne haec 
omnia spectantes admiratione afficiunt? 

behoof: v. APVANTAGE, BENEFIT. 

behove (v. impers.): Gportet (foll. 
by acc, and inf.): Vv. OUGHT; IT IS THE 
DUTY OF, ETC. 

being (subs.): |. Existence (no 
precise word): Phr.: to deny the b. 
of the gods, deos esse negare; deos s. 
deorum naturam tollere, Cic. (N.B. 
The substantive existentia belongs to 
modern writers: the infin. existere 
sometimes takes its place: as, to the 
nature of substance pertains b., *ad na- 
turam substantiae pertinet existere, 
Spinosa.) I]. A person : 1, hémo, 
inis, c. (a human 6.): I am a human 
b. and think nothing relating to man 
uninteresting to myself, h. sum, humani 
nihil a me alienum puto, Ter.: the 
mother’s stupidity is such that no one 
can call hera rational b., matris ea stul- 
titia est ut eam nemo hominem appel- 
lare possit, Cic. 2, natira (late): 
every intelligent b,, omnis intelligens 
n., Arnob. 1. 31. (N.B. The subs. ens 
belongs to the language of the school- 
men.) Phr.: to regard the gods as 
Jinite b.s, *deos finita natura esse cre- 
dere: O thou august b., *O tu numen 
augustum (Vv. POWER): mo finite b. ts 
eternal, *nibil quod est natura finitum, 
est aeternum. The Supreme Being: 
*ille optimus et maximus; numen illud 
maximum atque supremum. 

belabour: 1. obtundo, tidi, ta- 
sum, 3 (rare in lit. sense: V. TO DEAFEN): 
I have been very badly b.’d with fists, 
sum obtusus pugnis pessume, Pl. 2 
mulco, 1: he 6.'d all the slaves to death, 
omnem familiam usque ad mortem mul- 
cavit, Ter.: also verberibus m., Tac. : v. 
TO BEAT. 

belated: v. BENIGHTED. 


belay : |. TO BLOCK UP: q. v. 
[]. TO FASTEN: q. v. 
belch: 1, ructo, 1; it was dis- 


graceful for him to b., ei r. turpe erat, 
Cic.: Juv.: to b. out blood, cruorem r, 
Sil. 2. ériicto, 1 (to b. forth): you 
drove us out by b.ing, ta nos eructando 
ejecisti, Cic.: Fig.: Tartarus b.s forth 
dreadful fires, Vartarus horrificus ¢r 
aestus, Lucr. 

belching: ructis, is: Cic. : 

beldam: v. OLD WOMAN, HAG. 

beleaguer: obsideo: v. TO BESIEGE, 
BLOCKADE. 

belfrey ; *turris campanis instructa 
(campanile: M.L.). 

belie: |. To be at variance with : 
‘to b. the tenor of his life’ (Burke), i. e. 
by acting inconsistently with it, *ali- 
quid in se admittere quod a vita sua 
priori abhorreat: v. INCONSISTENT, TO 
BE: his appearance b.d his age, *annos 
dissimulabat species ac vultus: v. To 
HIDE, DISGUISE: men whose conduct b.s 
their professions, *qui aliad prae se 
ferunt, aliud peragunt (‘qui Curios si- 
mulant et Bacchanalia vivunt,’ Juv.). 

Il. Yo counterfeit, mimic: q.v. 
Ill. Yo misrepresent, to calum- 

niate, q. V. malédico. 

belief: |. The assent of the mind 
induced by evidence : 1. fides, ei, f.: 
to give b. to evidence, testimonio f. tribu- 


Mart. 


ere, Cic.: the speech inspires b., f. facit 
oratio, Cic. . foll. by acc. and inf.: Cie: 
to pass ali b., omnem 1. excedere, Suet. : 


beyond human b., supra bumanam f, 


BELIEVE 


Plin. Q, dpinio, dnis, f. (weaker than 
fides, but stronger than the Eng. oy- 
nim: q. z.): a b. in the immortal gods 
ts found in all persons, op. de diis im- 
mortalibus omninm est, Cic.: J believe 
Romulus to have entertained the b. that 
the science of augury consists in the an- 
ticipation of events, credo Romulum 
habuisse op., in providendis rebus esse 
augurandi scientiam, Cic.: the b. in im- 
mortality, *op. immortalitatis (based 
on Cic.). 3, persuasio (a settled con- 
viction): Quint. Suet. Phr.: narra- 
tions worthy of b., narrationes credibiles, 
Cic.: v. CREDIBLE: easy of b., credulus : 
Vv. CREDULOUS. il, Opinion: q.v. 
Il], Theological opinion : religio: v. 
RELIGION. IV. Creed, q. v. *formula 
dogmatis (-um) theologiae. 
believe: |. 70 vegard as proved : 
1, crédo, didi, ditum, 3 (with acc. 
or acc. and inf.): that was b.d because 
it seemed probable, id credebatur quia 
simile vero videbatur, Cic.: J have 
heard indeed uhat you say from my 
elders, but have never been induced to 
b. it, audivi equidem ista de majoribus 
natu, sed nunquam sum adducius ut 
crederem, Cic.: men generally readily 
6. what they wish, tere libenter homines 
id quod volunt credunt, Caes.: you are 
right not to b. about the number of the 
soldiers, recte non credis de numero 
militum, Cic.: we b. that they foresee 
the future, eos futura prospicere credi- 
mus, Cic. In the pass. voice the per- 
sonal is preferred to the impersonal 
form: as, it is b.d that Athos was once 
traversed by sails, creditur olim velifi- 
catus Athos, Juv.: Ov. 2, persuadeo, 
suasi, suasum, 2 (with dat. of pron. 
reflect. : this differs from credo as im- 
plying that the will has been employed 
in producing the belief; the literal 
meaning being ‘‘ to persuade oneself”) : 
Twould wish you to b. that Iwill on 
no occasion fail to second your plans, 
velim tibi ita persuadeas me tuis con- 
siliis nullo loco defuturum, Cic.: who 
would b, this? quis hoc sibi persuade- 
ret? Caes.: we ought all to b. that 
nothing should be done unjustly, nobis 
persuasiim esse debet, nihil injuste esse 
faciendum, Cic.: J never could b. that 
souls die, mihi munquam_ persuaderi 
potuit animos emori, Cic Phr.: the 
thing was b.d, res fidem habuit, Ov. : 
this is more than can be b.d, hoc est 
extra fidem, Sen.; supra f., Plin.: v. 
BELIEF: J b. in ov on (as theol. t.), credo 
in Deum, etc, Symbol.: to cause to b., 
Vv. TO CONVINCE, PERSUADE: to make b., 
VY. TO PRETEND, FEIGN. J, 7o have 
faith or confidence in: credo, 3 (with 
dat.): I know that he will b. me with- 
out an oath, injurato scio credet mihi, 
Pl.: believe me (i.e. take my word), 
mihi crede or (less freq.) crede mihi, 
Cic.: will he say that he whom he has 
himself b.d ought not to beb.d? ei nega- 
bit credi oportere cui ipse crediderit? 
Cie. I dont understand why the visions 
of dreamers should be b.d, cur credatur 
somniantium visis non intelligo, Cic. : 
b. me, Twould follow thee, crede mihi, 
te sequerer, Ov.: they ave bd, illis cred 
itur, Juv. Phr.: men b. in just and 
trusty persons, justis et fidis hominibus 
fides habetur, Cic.: the visions of the 
mad are not to be b.d, insanorum visis 
fides non est habenda, Cic.: to b. eni- 
dence, testimonio fidem tribuere, Cic. 
to b. in imaginary things, fidem com- 
menticiis rebus adjungere, Cic.: v. coNn- 
FIDENCE, TO TRUST. Wh. To be of 
opinion, to think, suppose; q. Vv. ar- 
bitror, puto. 
believer: 1, qui credit, ete.: v. 
TO BELIEVE. 2. crédens, entis: ail 
b.s were baptized, omnes cr. tingueban- 
tur, Tert.- “thou didst open the kingdom 
of heaven to all b.s,” aperuisti creden- 
tibus regna coelorum, Te Deum. Phr.: 
ab. in the Christian religion, qui idem 
dominicam tenet, Cypr. Ep. 6, 3; catho- 





BELONG 


house-bell ; used also as a signal in the 
public baths, etc.): the b. never rings by 
chance; unless some one pulls it or 
shakes it, it is mute, is silent, nunquam 
temere tinnit tintinnabulum ; nisi qui 
illud tractat aut movet, mutum est, 
tacet, Pl.: the sound or ring of ab., 
sonitus s. pulsus tintinnabuli, Plin. - 
Paul. Nol.: 6.s used generally to hang 
at the doors, t. fere januis dependebant, 
Suet.: to ring a b., t. pulsare, Juv.: 
tintinnabellum, a little b.: Forcell. 
2. *campana (a large church or 
alarm b.): M. L.: a passing b., c. fune- 
bris; a peal of b.s, *series campana- 
Tum; the clapper of a b., campanae 
malleus. Phr.: the bath-b. rings, sonat 
aes thermarum, Mart. (so aes is used for 
any instrument of brass): the nightly 
alarm-b. rings, sonat aes nocturnum : 
cf. Vell. 1,4: fig. to bear the b., palmam 
ferre; omne ferre punctum, Hor. 
bell-flower: *campanila: M. L. 
bell-founder : *campanarius: M.L. : 
campanarum fusor (kKr.). 
bell-foundry : *campanarum offi- 
cina (Kr.). 
bell-man: *qui tintinnabulum agi- 
tat: praeco: v. also CRIER. 
bell-metal ; *aes campanarum (Kr.). 
bell-ringer: *campanarius: M.L.: 
campanarum agitator (Kr.). 
bell-shaped: *ormam 
habens s. referens. 
bell-wether: *vervex tintinnabulo 
indutus ut gregem ducat. 


campanae 


belle: formosa puella: v. Beavri- 
FUL. 
belles-lettres: —_ 1, literae exqui- 


sitae (or perh. exquisitiores): Cic. 2, 
liberales doctrinae atque ingenuae, Cic. : 
V. LITERATURE. 


belligerent (adj. and subst.): 1, 
belligérans, antis: Cic.: Liv. 2: 
bellans, antis: Caes.: Cie. 3. bel- 


liger, éra, rum (poet.): Ov. 
bellow: mugio, 4: the oxen had b.d, 
boves mugierant, Liv.: you b. in reply 
tomy words, ad mea verba remugis, OV. : 
the Ionian sea b.ing back to the south 
wind, lonius remugiens sinus Noto, 
Hor.. v. BELLOWING. 
bellowing (svbs.): migitus, tis: to 
raise fearful b.s, horrendos m. toilere: 
cf. Virg. A. 2,222: also, m.ciere, Virg.; 
m. dare, edere, Ov 
bellows, a pair of: follis, is, m.: 
sie Hor. : a blacksmith’s b., f. fabrilis, 
iv. 
belly (subs.) : |. That part of the 
body which contains the organs of diges- 
tion : 1. venter, tris, m.: Cie : the 
b. is sometimes pierced, nonnunquam 
venter perforatur, Cels.: the bottom of 
the b., imus venter, Cels. 2. ventri- 
culus (more precisely the stomach, and 
in present sense rare): Juv. 35 
abdomen, inis, 7. (prop. the external 
covering of the intestines): Cels. The 
word is chiefly used in the sense of 
gluttony (q. v.): he is the slave of his 
b., natus abdomini suo est, Cic.: ‘Ter. 
4, utérus (prop. the womb, and 
in present sense rare): the diaphragre 
separates the b. from the chest, trans- 
versum septum a praecordiis uterum 
diducit, Cels.: Juv.: Lucan. 5, alvus, 
i, f. (more properly designates the lowe 
contents of the b.): Vv. BOWELS, ENTRAILS. 
Phr.: a b,-full, cibi satietas, Cic. J, 
That which resembles the b.of an animal : 
1, venter: heb. of a pot, v lagenae, 
Juv.: Prop. Virg. 2, atérus: of the 
wooden horse, Virg. (several times). 
the b. of a vat, ut. dolii, Col. 3, sinus, 
tis: the full bs of the sails, velorum 
pleni s., Prop.: Virg.: Quint. Il. 
The stomach: q. v.: stémichus. IV. 
The womb: q. v.: vulva. 
belly (v.): tiimeo v.10 SWELL ovr, 
PROJECT. 
ppelly-band : ventrale, is, n.: Plin. - 
i 


p. 
belly-god: héluo: v. crurron. 
belong: J. 70 be the property of : 


lieae et apostolicae fidei cultor, Preces | Expr. by veri; esse and gen. or possess. 


Mhasae: v. FAITHFUL, 


bell: 


1, untinnabulum (a small | do you b, now? 


adj. of the person to whoin: as to whom 
70 you, Quoyus (= 


| lower down than: 


BENCE 


cujus or cujum: cf. Virg. E. 3, 1) pene 
es? Tuus, Pl.: Cic.: things that b. to 
others, res alienae,Cic. N.B. Somewhat 
similar is the use of the dat. with sum 
(v. L. G. § 262), but while the gen. or 
possess. adj. asserts ownership, the dat. 
simply asserts possession: v. TO HAVE. 
Il. To be the concern or character- 
istic of : also expr. by sum with gen. or 
possess. adj.: the subject b.s to your pru- 
dence, jurymen, vestri consilii, judices, 
res est, Cic.: to you, certainly, if to any 
one, it b.’d to reckon nothing except 
virtue among advantages, erat, si cujus- 
quam, certe tuum nibil praeter virtutem 
in bonis ducere, Cic.: rashvess b.s to 
youth, prudence to advancing age, teine- 
ritas est florentis uetatis, prudentia sen- 
escentis, Cic. N.B. In neither of the 
above cases must the person to whom 
a thing belongs be expr. by the gen. of 
a personal pron. ‘Thus, it b.s to you, 
me, us, tuum, Meum, nostrum est; not 
tui, mei, etc. Ill. Vo relate to, con- 
cern: 1, attinét, tiniit, 2: this busi- 
ness b.s to me, negotium hoc ad me at, 
Pl.: what b.s to that state shall be ex- 
plained in another place, alio loco quod 
ad eam civitatem at. demonstrabitur, 
Cie. 2. pertinét, 2: that matter b.s 
to my office, illa res ad meum officiun 
p., Cic. : V. TO CONCERN, RELATE TO. 
beloved: 1, dilectus (denoting 
affection and esteem: v. TO LOVE): b. 
Maecenas, dilecte M.! Hor.: Virg. 9, 


carus: Vv. DEAR. 3. gratus: v. 
FAVOURITE. 
below: A. Prep.- |, Ofplace; 


l, infra (with 
| ace.): the sea ts b. the tiavn, mare inf. 
oppidum est, Cic.: the sea which washes 
jt 6., mare quod alluit inf.. Virg. (= 
mare inferum). 2, subter (with ace. 
or less freq. abl.): v. BENEATH, UNDER. 

Il. Of rank or dignity: infra- to 
consuler everything to be b. oneself, 
omnia inf. se esse judicare, Cic.: a client 
is b. slaves, inf. servos est cliens, Vell.: 
Vv. UNDERNEATH. B. Adv.: l. 
Of place: 1, infra: J have written 
b., infra seripsi, Cic.: a copy of it (tha 
letter) is given b., quarum exemplum 


inf. scriptum, Sall. 2, déorsum 
(nearly always of motion): v. DOWN 
WARDS, LOWER DOWN. 8. subtér: 


all these things above and b., omnia 
haec quae supra et subter, Cic.: Luer. 

I]. On the earth (as opp. to heaven) 
in terris: v. EARTH: (Cic.’s “infra se. 
lunam nihil est nisi mortale,” ete., has 
reference solely to the dream of Scipio: 
Rep. 6, 17). II]. Jn or to the regions 
| of the dead: intra: there are no corn- 
Jields b., non seges est infra, Tib. Phr.; 
the shade of me will go b., mei sub terrae 
ibit imago, Virg.: the laws of the gods 
are in Jorce b., sub terris sunt jura 
deum, Prop.: three-headed Cerberus b., 
triceps apud inferos Cerberus, Cic. 

belt: bultéus (a sword belt): Caes.: 
Virg.: v. GIRDLE. 

belted: baliéatns: Mar. Capell. 

bemire: lito inquinare, illinere: ¥ 
TO BEFOUL, BESMEAR, MIRE. 

bemoan: 1. gémo, ii, itum, 3: 
to b. in silence the sad vicissitude of 
Sortune, tacite g. tristem fortunae vicem, 
Phaedr.: with tears b.ing Itys, Ityn 
flebiliter gemens, Hor.: these ings the 
good b.’d, the bad hoped for, haec geme- 
bant beni, sperabant improbi, Cic. oh 
ingémo, 3: to b. any ones death, ali- 
cujus interitum in., Virg.: in prose 
more usu. with dat.: they b.’d their 
condition, ingemuerunt conditioni suae, 
Liv. 8. ingémisco, 3: v. TO GROAN, 
TO BEWAIL. 

ben, or ben-nut: balanns, i. m. 
and f.: Hor.: Plin.: oil of ben, balani- 
num oleum, Plin. 
| bench: |. Aseat: 1, scamnum 
(prop. @ stool for mounting: scando): 
to sit upon long b.s, longis considere 8., 
| Ov.: Cels. 2. subsellium (only for 
sitting on: usu. in plu.): the bs of the 
senate, subsellia senatus, Cic.: to sit en 
the prosecutors’ b.s, in accusatorum sub- 
selliis sedere, Cic.: Quint. 3. tran 

5 





BENCHER 





strum (for rowers): Caes.: Virg. Il. 
The b. of an artuficer or tradesman : 
mensa: a butcher's b., m. lanionia, Suet. : 
Hor. Hl. Esp. a seat for judges; 
and hence, a court of justice: 1, sub- 
aellia (v. swpr.): the tribune of the 
people made the same accusation in the 
assemblies, the same before the b., accu- 
sabat tribunus plebis idem in contioni- 
bus, idem ad s., Cic.: but come, do not 
for ever think about the forum, the b., 
the rostrum, and the senate-house, age 
vero, he semper forum, s., rostra, curi- 
amque meditere, Cic. 9. jidicium: 
Vv. COURT. 38, comsessus Us: Vv. AS- 
SEMBLY. 4, *bancus, M.L.: the King’s 
Bench, *Bancus Regius, M. L. 
bencher (of an Inn of law): *advo- 
catus senior, or advocatorum praeses (?). 
bend(v.)' A, Trans: , Zo 
move from a straight line: 1, fiecto, 
flexi, flexum, 3: to 6. a bow, arcum f., 
Virg.: every animal b.s its limbs in 
whatever direction it wishes, animal 
omne membra quocunque vult f., Cic. 
2. inflecto, 3: to b. a staff, bacillum 
{n., Cic.: Prop. 8. curvo (i. e. to 
curve, round): he bent the flexile bow, 
curvavit flexile cornu, Ov.: limbs bent 
with old age, curvata senio membra, 
Tac. 4, inclino, t (to cause to lean) : 
some of the oxen had bent their icnees on 
the yellow sands, pars boum fulvis 
genua inclinarat arenis, Ov.: v. TO 
BEND DOWN. {l. Zo direct (q. v.). 
esp. in phr. to b. one's course: 1. 
tendo, tétendi, tensum and tentum, 3: 
they bent their course towards Spain, 
iter in Hispaniam tendebant, Hirt. : 
more freq. without a substantive: J 
doubt whether to b. my course towards 
Venusia : dubito an Venusiam tendam, 
Cic.: backward b.ing his course, retro 
tendens cursum, Sii. 2. flecto, 3 
(implying an alteration or winding of 
route): we bent our course towards the 
left, fleximus in laevum cursus, Uv.; f. 
{ter ad aliquem locum, Liv.: also with- 
out any subs. (post-Ciceron.) : Hasdru- 
bal, finding the passage of the river 
closed, bent his course towards the Ocean, 
H. clauso transitu fluminis ad Oceanum 
flectit, Liv. 8, inclino (like flecto; 
but less frequent): v. TO LEAN, INCLINE, 
Ul. Zo apply to a particular pur- 
pose.q.v. |V, Zo subdue: render sub- 
missive: 1, domo, ui, itum, 4 (i. e. to 
tame, quell, subdue: q.v.): their energy 
had bent all things to its sway, virtus 
omnia domuerat, Sall.: Hor. 2, flecto, 
3: V. TO PREVAIL UPON, INFLUENCE. 
B. Intrans.: To deviate 
from a straight line: 1, flecto, 3 
(with pron. reflect. or pass.): Ib. into a 
snake, flector in anguem, Oy. E 
inflecto, 3 (like flecto). the iron had 
bent, ferrum se inflexerat, Caes. Il. 
To make a bend: v. BEND (subs.). 
—— back: 1, reflecto, 3: to 
bend b. the head, caput r., Cat.: a neck 
bent 6., cervix reflexa, Virg. ae 
résipino, 1: to bend b. the nostrils: 
nares r., Quint.: ¢twrtle-doves bend b. 
their necks, turtures colla,r., Plin. 





down: |. Trans: 1. 
deflecto, 3: to bend d. the beugh of an 
olive tree, ramum olivae d., Col. 9. 


inclino, 1 (to lean or slope): the tree 
bends d. its foliage, arbor in. comas, 
Mart.: v. TO WEIGH DOWN. Il. 
Intrans,: déflecto, with ref. pron. or 
as pass.: cf. TO BEND. 
bend (swbs.) : 1, flexus, iis: in a 
b. of the road, in flexu viae, Liv.: the 
ears have horny passages and those with 
many b.s, aures cornevlos habent intro- 
itus multisque cum flexibus, Cic. py 
antractus, Us: V. WINDING. 38, curva- 
men, inis, m.: Ov.: Plin. 4, curva- 
tira: Vitr.: Plin. Phr.: to make a 
b.: 1, flecto, 3 (with pron. reji., or 
as pass.): the wood makes a b. to the 
left, silva se flectit sinistrorsus, Caes. : 
the Euphrates makes a b. to the south, 
Kuphrates ad meridiem flectitur, Plin. 
2. inflecto, 3: the bay makes a b. 
towards the city, sinus ad urbem inflec- 
titur, Cic. 3, inclino, 1 (usu. reflect.) : 
76 


BENEFIT 











bodies must make a trifling b. in, paulum 
inclinare necesse est corpora, Lucr.: to 
b. towards anyone, inclinari ad aliquem, 
Quint. 

bending (subs.): 1, flexio: a 
b. of the sides (of oratorical action), 
laterum f., Cic. 2. inclinatio (like 
flexio): the b. of the body, corporis in., 
Cic.: Quint. 3, flextira: Lucr.: Suet.: 
virtue ts straightforward ; it admits of 
no b,, virtus recta est; fl. non recipit, 
Sen. 4, déclinatio (bending aside) : 


Cic. 
beneath: A. Prep.: |, Under: 
q. v.: sub, subter. |]. Zoo low or 


mean to deserve notice, etc.: infra 
(with acc.): the unconquered man must 
despise human affairs and think them b. 
him, necesse est invictum res humanas 
despicere atque inf. se positas arbitrari, 
Cic.: that is b. the duty of a gramma- 
rian, id inf. grammatici officium est, 
Quint. Phr.: J consider this disgrace- 
Sul,and b. me, hoc turpe et me indignum 
puto, Cic.: Vv. ABOVE, TO BE. B. 
Adv.: subter: v. BELOW. 

benediction: bénédictio: the solemn 
words of the b., benedictionis verba so- 
lennia, Sulp. Sev.: v. BLESSING. 

benefaction: Vv. BENEFIT, DONATION. 

benefactor: ees by verb: as, 

benefactress: § tobe a great b. to the 
state, *plurima beneficia in rempublicam 
conferre ; civitatem beneficiis ornare, 
Cic.: he is a real b. who acts kindly, not 
Sor his own but for another's sake, bene- 
ficus est qui non sui sed alterius causa 
benigne facit, Cic. 

benefice; *bénéficium ecclesiasti- 
cum: M. L. 

beneficed : bénéficiarius: a b. cler- 
gyman, cléricus b.: M. L. 

beneficence: bénéficentia: what is 
more excellent than goodness and b. ? 
gnid praestantius bonitate et b.? Cic.: 

‘ac. 

beneficent: bénéficus: the gods are 
b. and friends of the human race, dei 
sunt b. generique hominum amici, Cic. : 
a b. will, b. voluntas, Cic. 

beneficently: bénéficé: to act b., 
b. facere, Gell. 

beneficial : 1. salitaris, e: the 
cultivation of the soil is b. for the whole 
human race, hominum generi universo 
cultura agrorum est s., Cic.: a plant b. 
for the nerves, herba nervis s., Plin. 9, 
utilis, e: the guice of liquorice is most b. 
to the voice, glycyrrhizae succus utilissi- 
mus voci, Plin.: Cic.: Mart.: v. USEFUL. 
Phr.: to beb.: 1, prosum, fii, pro- 
desse (with dat.: or absol.): I take a 
bath because it is b.; wine, because it is 
not injurious, balineum assumo quia 
prodest ; vinum quia non nocet, Plin.: 
Cic.: Hor.: v. TO DO GOoD. 2. expé- 
dit, 4: V. EXPEDIENT, TO BE. 3. con- 
duco, duxi, ductum: we cannot doubt 
that those things which are most right 
are most b., dubitare non possumus quin 
ea maxime conducant quae sunt rectis- 
sima, Cic. 4. facio, féci, factum, 3 
(of medicines): to be b. in strangury, 
ad difficultatem urinae f., Plin. : Col. 

beneficially : 1, salubriter; to 
use weapons b., armis s. uti, Cic. Ay 
utiliter: Cic.: Hor.: v. USEFULLY. 

beneficiary: bénéficiarius : Sen. 

benefit (subs.): |, A favour, kind- 
ness (q. V.): benéficium : you can confer 
no greater b. upon me, majus mihi dare 
b. nullum potes, Cic.: J think that a b. 
is better bestowed upon the good than 
upon the successful, melius apud bonos 
quam apud fortunatos b. collocari puto, 
Cic. Il. Advantage, profit: q. v. 
Phr.: I should wish you to do what is 
for your own b., ego quae in rem tuam 
sint, ea velim facias, ‘ler. 

benefit (».): A, Trans. 1, 
prosum, fui, prodesse (with dat.): they 
b. neither themselves nor their fellow- 
creatures, nec sibi nec alteri prosunt, 
Cic.: what does it b. me to feign ? quid 
mihi fingere prodest? Ov. 2. jivo, 
jivi, jutum, x (with acc.): eloquence 
b.d the cause, juvit facundia causam, 
Ov.: heb.s the weary by his health-giving 


BENZOIC 





skill, salutari juvat arte fessos, Hor 
3. condiicit, duxit, 3: usu. with 
dat., Vv. BENEFICIAL: also acc.: rains dc 
not b. vines, imbres non conducunt vites. 
Plin.: Cic. Phr.: he is not b.’d by this 
exception, hac exceptione non afficitur 
beneficio, Cic. B, Intrans.: v, To 
PROFIT. 
benevolence: bénéficientia (al. bé- 
néficentia): i. e. a general disposition 
to do good to others: cf. Cic. N. I. 1, 43, 
121, and Off. 1, 7, 20, in which latter 
place it is made synonymous with be- 
nignitas and liberalitas : v. GENEROSITY. 
N.B. not simply bénévilentia, which is 
good-will (q. v.) towards any one. (In 
Suet. Cal. 3, singularis benevolentia sig- 
nifies a remarkably amiable disposition.) 
benevolent: 1, bénéficus, comp. 
beneficentior, sup. beneficentissimus: 
good-will is gained by a b. intention, 
even though the means should chance to 
be lacking, voluntate b. benevolentia 
movetur, etiam si res forte non suppetit, 
Cic, 2, bénévolus: comp. benevo- 
lentior, sup. benevolentissimus: i. e 
well-disposed towards, kind: q. v. Tc 
express the wide sense of the Eng. wore 
some adjunct is necessary: as, omnibu 
erga omnes benevolus, etc. 3. bé. 
hignus, libéralis: v, GENEROUS, 
benevolently: bénévolé, benevolc 
animo: v. KINDLY. 
benighted: |, Lit. Phr.: tobe 
b., nocte opprimi, ef. Cic. Sen. 14: we 
were b. in our journey, iter facientibus 
nox intervenit: cf. Liv. 23, 18. Ih 
Fig.: ténébrosus: a b. mind, t. cor 
Prud. 
benign, benignant: bénignus: v 
KIND, GENEROUS, FAVOURABLE. 
benignity : bénignitas: v. KINDNESS 
benignly ; bénigné: v. Kinpiy. 
benison : V. BLESSING. 
bent (adj.): |, Lit.: 1, curvus 
the b. ploughman, c. arator, Virg.: v 
CURVED. 2, pandus (esp. poet.): b 
boughs, p. rami, Ov.: Virg. fj. Fig. 
eagerly devoted to anything: attentus: 
we are all too b. on wealth, attentiores 
sumus ad rem omnes, Ter.: severe ana 
b. on gain, asper et attentus quaesitis, 
Hor. : Vv. DEVOTED TO. 
bent-back: 1. résiipinus: a neck 
b. back, collum r., Ov.: @ head b. back 
caput r., Plin. 2. obstipus (cf. BENT - 
FORWARDS, 2): a neck stiff and b. back 
cervix rigida et ob., Suet.: Hor. 
bent-forwards: 1, pronus: hang- 
ing b. forwards over the lash, p. pendens 
in verbera, Virg.: Varr.: v. STOOPING 
2, obstipus (bent out of the per. 
pendicular ; cf. Lucr. 4, 516): with head 
b. forwards, capite ob., Hor. 
bent-inwards: camiurus: horns b, 
inwards, c. cornua, Virg. 
bent (subs.): |, Acurve: v. BEND 
Il. Inclination: ingénium (a na- 
tural b.): to retiarn to one’s natural b., 
redire ad ing., Ter.: to live agreeably te 
one's natural b., ing. suo vivere, Liv.. 
Vv. NATURE, INCLINATION. Phr.: con- 
trary to the b. of one’s mind, invita 
Minerva, Hor. 
benumb: torpéficio, féci, 3 (rare): 
Non. More usu. expr. by torporem 
afferre, inducere, obducere ; torpore affic- 
ere, hebetare: vy. NUMBNEsS. (Obstu- 
Polaris occurs in this sense in Val 
ax.): Vv. also BENUMBED. 
benumbed (adj.): 1, torpens+ 
v. inf. torpidus: Liv. (in fig 
sense: Vv. STUPIFIED): Auson. To be b. 
torpéo, 2: to be b. with intense cold. 
gelu t., Liv.: fig. to be b. with fear, 
metu t., Liv. To become b.: 1, tor 
pesco, ui, 3, part of the body becomes b. 
pars corporis t., Plin. 2, obtorpesco, 
3: their hands had become b. through 
Minas manus prae metu obtorpuerant 
Vie 


benumbing (adj.): 1, ignavus 

(Poet. and fig.): b. cold, ig. frigus, Ov 

2. piger, gra, grum (poet.): b. cold 

P. eee Tib.: b. old age, p. senectus, 
ib. 

benzoic: benziicus: b. acid, acidum 


i 


BENZOIN 


BESPATTER 





benzoin: 1, benzdinum. 2, 
Styracis benzoini balsamum. M. L. 

bequeath: 1, légo, 1: the money 
was b.d to Fabia by her husband, Fa- 
biae pecunia legata est a viro, Cic.: to 
his wife by will he b.s a large sum of 
money to be paid by his son, uxori testa- 
mento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, 
Cic. Q, rélégo, 1: Ulp.: v. TO LEAVE. 
N.B. to b. one’s (entire) estate to any 
one must be expr. by heredem aliquem 
(ex asse) instituere (v. HEIR): the term 
legare implving only that something is 
left toa third party, to be paid out of 
the estate. 


bequest: 1. Jégatum: Cic.: 
9. rélégatio: Ulp. 

bereave: orbo, 1: he was bereft of 
his son, filio orbatus est, Cic.. to be b.d 
of a friend, amico orbari, Cic.: you be- 
reft Italy of its youth, orbabas Italiam 
juventute, Cic. : the forum despoiled and 
bereft of a learned voice, forum voce 
erudita spoliatum atque orbatum, Cic. : 
¥. TO DEPRIVE, 

bereaver: orbator: Ov. 

bereavement: orbitas: Pl.: Cic. 
Y. DEPRIVATION. 

bereft: 1, orbus (usu. with abl., 
rarely gen.): the plebs b. of : tribunes, 
plebs or. tribunis, Cic.: 6. of light, 
lumine or., Ov.: a parent b. of his chil- 
dren, parens liberorum or., Quint. 9. 
captus: V. DEPRIVED. Phr.: to be b., 
careo, 2. to be b. of light, i. e., life, 
luce c., Virg.: v. TO BE WITHOUT. 

bergamot-pear : *pirum Berga- 
mense or Etruscum (Ains.) 

berry: 1, bacca (al. baca): an 
olive b., oleae b., Cic.: a myrtle b., b. 
myrti, Ov.: a laurel b., lauri b., Virg. 

2. bacciila (a small b.) Suh Se 

acinus (a juicy b. with seeds): Col.: 


Quint. 


Plin. 

berry-bearing: 1, baccifer, éra, 
érum: Plin.: 2, baccalis, e 
Plin. 

berth: |. Space for a ship at 
anchor: statio: v. ANCHORAGE. ll. 
Acabin: q.v- |||, 4 p'ace, situation: 


q.v. Phr.- to give any one a wide b., 
aliquem longe fugere, Hor. 
beryl: beryllus: Juv.: Plin. 
beseech: 1, quaeso, 3 (rare ex- 
cept in pres. tense and 1. pers. sing. 
and pl.): Ib. you to give me this indul- 
gence, quaeso a vobis ut mihi detis hance 
veniam, Cic . we b. you to permit this, 
id uti permittatis quaesumus, Liv. 
write often to me, I b., tu, quaeso, crebro 
ad me scribe, Cic. 9. “obsecro, 1 I: we 
b. you to take us under your protection, 
te obsecramus nos in custodiam tuam 
ut recipias, Pl.: how, I b. you, is my 
Attica ? Attica mea, obsecro te, quid 
agit ? Cic.: v. TO ENTREAT, PRAY. 
beseem: décet: v. T0 BECOME. 
beset: |. Zo occupy, esp. with 
noxious or hostile purpose : obsideo, sédi, 
sessum, 2; also obsido, 3: others b. the 
narrow passages in arms, obsedere alii 


telis angusta viarum, Virg.: Cic.: v. TO 
BLOCK UP, INFEST. I. Zo surround 
hostilely, toset upon: ], circumvénio, 


véni, ventum, 4: they b. all the walls 
with an army, cuncta moenia exercitu 
circumvenere, Sall.; v. TO ENCOMPASS. 
Hence fig. to press upon, harass, etc. : 
being b. by enemies, circumventus ab in- 
imicis, Sall. : many inconveniences b. an 
old man, multa senem c. incommoda, 
Hor.: Cic. 2, urgéo, ursi, 2: on this 
side the wolf b.s him, on that the dog 
closes upon him, hac urget lupus, hac 
canis angit, Hor. 
besetting (adj.): *quod praecipue 
urget: quod cuique praecipue pronum 
est (sc. peccatum). 
beshrew: Vv. TO CURSE. 
beside (prep.): _ |, Near, by, by 
side of: q.v. Phr.: to walk b. 
any one, alicui latus tegere, Hor.: to 
sit b. a sick person, aegro assidere, Ov. 
|]. Over and above: vy. BESIDES. 
Ill. Not belonging to: Phr.: I did 
not think it b. my object to write this to 
you, non putavi esse alienum institutis 
meis haec ad te scribere, Cic, : but whether 


it was or was not so, is quite b. the point, 
sed sive fuit sive non fuit, nihil ad rem, 
ed Jam b. myself, non sum apud me, 

er. 

besides: |, Prep.: 1, praeter 
(with acc.): they each brought ten men 
b. themselves, p. se denos adduxerunt, 
Caes. 2, praeterquam (adv. or conj.) : 
I ask for no reward b. the eternal re- 
membrance of this day, nullum prae- 
mium postulo praeterq. hujus diei me- 
moriam sempiternam, Cic. 8, ad 
(=m addition to: with acc.): b. other 
wounds, to inflict this deadly blow, ad 
cetera vulnera hance quoque mortiferam 
plagam infligere, Cic.: Liv.: esp. with 
hoc, haee, id: b. this his long beard and 
hair had given a wild look to his counte- 
nance, ad hoe promissa barba et capilli 
efferaverant speciem oris, Liv.: Sall. 
Cic.: cf. inf. (m1.). I]. Adv. : ils 
praetéréa: all the ships that he had b., 
quidquid p. babebat navium, Caes. : Cic. : 
Liv. Q, insiiper (i.e. over and above : 
chiefly poet. and app. not in Cic.): she 
added these words b., haec ins. addidit, 
Virg.. Liv. 8. ultro (of something 
which goes beyond what has been said 
or what was to be anticipated) he even 
comes to accuse me b., eliam me ul. 
accusatum venit, Ter.: Cic. 4, siiper 
(chiefly poet.). the gods had assented to 
his prayer, and granted b. that he could 
not be wounded, voto deus annuerat de- 
deratque s. ne saucius fieri posset, Ov. : 
Liv. 5, ad hoc, ad haec; adhuc (i. e. 
in addition to this, above this: comp. 
supr.1): with three cohorts, three troops 
of cavalry, and velites b., cum ternis 
cohortibus, ternisque turmis, ad hoc 
velitibus, Liv.: ad haec is esp. used 
with reference to something said before: 
Cic. Am. 9: (adhuc appears not to occur 
in Cic. in this sense, but is found in 
Quint. and Plin,): v. ALSO, MOREOVER. 

besiege: 1, circumsédéo, sédi, 
sessum, 2: fo b. Mutina, Mutinam c., 
Cie.: Liv. Fig.: I am affected by the 
tears of these persons by whom you see 
me b.d, moveor horum lacrimis a quibus 
me circumsessum videtis, Cic.  Q, cir- 
cumsido, 3 (of the act of sitting down 
before a place): to b. Plistia, Plistiam 
c., Liv. -: Tac. 8. obsidéo, 2: to b. 
Utica, Uticam ob., Cie. 4. Shaidbs 3 
(rare: differs from obsideo as circum- 
sido from circumsedeo): fo b. the walls, 
moenia ob., Cat. 

besieger: obsessor: Liv.: Tac. But 
more freq. expr. by imperf. part.: as, 
the b.s were nearer starving than the 
besieged, propius inopiam erant obsi- 
dentes quam obsessi, Liv. 


besieging (subs.) : 1. circum- 
sessio: a 9. obsessio: Caes.: v. 
SIEGE. 

besmear: _1, lino, lévi, litum, 3 


(less freq. in prose): the bees b. the air- 
holes with wax, apes spiramenta cera L., 
Virg.: to b. the lids (of jars) with gyp- 
sum, opercula gypso L., Col.: Ov. 2. 
circumlino, 3 (to b. all over): the dead 
were b/d with wax, circumliti mortui 
cera sunt, Cic.: to b. hives with cow- 
dung, alvos fimo bubulo c., Plin. Sh 
perlino, 3 (to 6. all over): to b. a person 
all over with honey, aliquem melle Pp. 
Apul.: Col. 4, collino, 3 (about equiv. 
to perlino, but rare): to ’b. the Face with 
drugs, ora venenis c., Ov.: Gell. 5. 
illino, 3: to b. torches with pitch, faces 
pice il., Liv.: Ov. 6. oblino, 3: his 
Jace was b.’d with his own blood, cblitus 
est faciem suo cruore, ‘l’ac. . Plin. 
allino, 3 (rare): Plin (N.B. llino, ob- 
lino, allino, denote the smearing of a 
substance wpon something.) 8. pér- 
ungo, unxi, unctum, 3: with faces b.'d 
with wine-lees, faecibus ora peruncti, 
Hor. 

besmeared: délibitus, oblitus: Cic.: 
Hor.: v. also TO BESMEAR. 

besom: scOpae, arum (lit. twigs): 
Cic.: Hor. 

besot: V- TO STUPIFY, INFATUATE. 

besotted: v- STUPID, INFATUATED. 

bespatter: aspergo, si, sum, 3 (with 


acc. and abl.; or dat. and acc.); b.’d! 





BESTOW 
with rain and mud, imbre lutoque 
aspersus, Hor.: to b. an altar with 


blood aram sanguine asp. (which might 
be, arae sanguinem asp.), Liv.: v. To 
SPRINKLE ON. 

bespeak: |. To order beforehand, 
engage: Phr.: I bespoke a vessel to 
convey us to Sicily, *navem parari jussi 
quae nos in Siciliam veheret; J shall b. 
a pair of shoes of the shoemaker, *sutori 


calceos mihi faciendos mandabo: vy. To 
HIRE. {]. Zo address: q. v.: allé- 
quor. Ill. 70 indicate, show: q. v.: 
indico, 
bespread: v. TO SPREAD, 
besprinkle: 1. conspergo, si, sum, 


3 (with acc. and abl.): to b. the doors 
with wine, fores vino c., Pl. Fig.: the 
speech was b.d, as it were, with the 
Jlowers of words and sentences, oratio 
conspersa est quasi verborum senten- 


tiarumque floribus, Cic. 2. aspergo, 
si, sum (with ace. and abl.: or dat. and 
acc.) : V. TO SPRINKLE ON. 8. irréro, 


I (i. e. to sprinkle as with drops of dew: 
constr. twofold like aspergo): to b. the 
hair with water, crinem aquis ir., Ov.: 
also intrans.: tears b. the leaves, lacri- 
mae irrorant foliis, Ov.: v. TO SPRINKLE, 
best (adj.): super. to Goop: q. v. 
r.. to oppose the enemy to the b. of 
one’s power, omnibus viribus atque opi- 
bus hosti repugnare, Cic.: to act to the 
b. of one’s ability, pro viribus agere, 
Cic.: I inquired what it would be b. for 
me to write to you, quaesivi quid ad te 
otissimum scriberem, Cic.- his conduct 
zs at b. suspicious, facta ejus, ut optime 
(in optimam partem) ea interpretemur, 
suspicionem habent (cf. Cic. Mur. 31, 
64): to the b. of my knowledge, quantum 
scio, Quint.: I will do my b6., sedulo 
faciam, Pl.: owr men had the b. of that 
battle, in eo proelio nostri superiores 
fuerunt, Caes.: a good steward makes 
the b. of everything, *boni villici est ex 
omnibus rebus maximam utilitatem cap- 
ere: to make the b. of anything (unfor- 
tunate), *optime vertere quae infeliciter 
evenerint. 
best (adv.): v. WELL. 


bestial; bestialis, e: Prud.: v. 
BEASTLY. j 

bestir oneself: expergiscor, per- 
rectus, 3: by Hercules, Libanus, you 


had better now b. yourself, hercle vero, 
Libane, nunc te meliust expergiscier, 
Pl.- why then do you not b. yourselves ? 
quin igitur expergiscimini? Sall.; Cic. : 
V. TO EXERT ONESELF. 
bestow: |. To give, grant: 1, 
tribuo, ti, itum, 3 (usu. of what is due : 
V. TO ASSIGN: With acc. and dat.): we b. 
the most (of our good-will) upon him by 
whom we are most beloved, ei plurimum 
tribuimus a quo plurimum deligimur, 
Cic.: to b. rewards, praemia t., Caes. : 
he had b.’d so much dignity upon the 
Aeduan state, tantum dignitatis civitati 
Aeduae tribuerat, Caes. 9, attribiio, 
3: he has b.d money upon me, mihi 
pecuniam attribuit, Cic.: v. TO ASSIGN. 
8, conféro, tii, latum, 3 (with ad 
or in and acc.): tob.a kindness upon 
any one, beneficium in aliquem c., Cic. 
4, dono, 1 (with acc. and dat. or 
acc. and abl.): to b. immortality upon 
any one, alicui immortalitatem d., Cic.: 
to b. the Franch ise ‘on any one, aliquem 
civitate d., Cic.: v. TO PRESENT. 5. 
impertio, 4 (to b. a share: const. two- 
fold, like abun): to b. a part of one’s 
property upon the needy, hominibus in- 
digentibus de re familiari im., Cic.: 
praise is b.’d upon my colleague, col- 
legae meo laus impertitur, Cic.: to b. 
a kiss on any one, aliquem osculo imp., 
Suet. 6, largior, 4 (to b. freely or 
bountifully: with acc. and abl.): to 
b. a dinner upon the hungry, coenam 
esurientibus 1., Pl.: nature b.d upon 
Hortensius the greatest fluency and abi- 
lity in speaking, Hortensio summam 
copiam facultatemque dicendi natura 
largita est, Cic. 7, reddo, didi, ditum, 
3: V. TO GIVE, GRANT. 8, trado, 3: 
V. TO GIVE, DELIVER UP. ||, 7v apply, 
devote to: 1, tribuo, attribuo, 3: 
17 


BESTOWAL 


BETWEEN 


BEWITCHING 


um 


¥W. TO GIVE, DEVOTE, 9, conféro, 3: 
to b. care wpon one's health, diligentiam 
in valetudinem c., Cic. 3. impertio, 
4 (to devote a portion of one’s care, 
etc.): I bey of you to b. some time upon 
this consideration too, a te peto ut ali- 
quid impertias temporis huic quoque 
cogitationi, Cic.: Tac. 4, insimo, 
sumpsi, sumptum, 3 (usu. with im and 
acc. or dat.): to 6b. expense upon any- 
thing, sumptum in aliquam rem in., 
Cic. : to b. labour in vain, operam frus- 
tra in., Liv.: tob.a few days on rejit- 
ting the fleet, paucos dies reficiendae 
classi in., Tac. I]. To give in mar- 
riage: colléco: v, TO BETROTH. IV. 
To deposit, store: q. V. 

bestowal; largitio (i. e. liberal b.). 
the besiowal of citizenship, 1. civitatis, 
Cic. (But usu. expr. by means of part 
af verb: as, by the b. of favours, by cle- 
mency, dando, ignoscendo, Sall.; v. TO 
BESTOW, GIVE.) 

bestower: largitor (i. e. liberal, 
lavish b.): a b. of money, pecuniae L., 
Sall.: Liv. (But usu. expr. by part. of 
verb, as, the b. is looked upon with more 
Favour than the receiver, *major dantem 
quam accipientem sequitur gratia: v. 
TO BESTOW.) 

bestrew : consterno, sterno, ete.: v. 
TO STREW. 

bestride: Equito, 1 (with prep.): 
to b. along stick (i.e. to make a horse 
of it, as children), e. in arundine longa, 
Hor.: more fully, 6.ing (the crocodile) 
like a horse, dorso equitantium modo 
impositus, Plin. 8, 25, 38. Phr.: to 6. 
a horse, in equo sedere, Cic. 

bet (subs): pignus, Oris, ”.: Vv. 
WAGER. 

bet (v.): pignore contendere, certare : 
Vv. TO WAGER. 

betake oneself (both lit. and 
fig.): 1, confére, contili, collatum, 
3 (with pron. refiect.): the tribunes b. 
themselves to Caesar, tribuni sese ad 
Caesarem c., Caes.. to b oneself to flight, 
se infugame., Cic. Fig.: to b. oneself 
to literature, se ad studia literarum c., 
Cic. Q, récipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (prop, 
to b. oneself back to a place. with pron. 
ref.): to b. themselves back into their 
chariots with all speed, se in currus citis- 
sime r., Caes.: V. TO RETIRE, RETURN, 
wiTHpraw. Fig.: you 6. yourself to 
your old wily character, ad ingenium 
vetus versutum te recipis tuum, Pl. 

8. afféro, attili, allatum, 3 (with 

pron. refl. or in pass.: chiefly poet.). 
thou betakest thyself hither, huc te affers, 
Virg.: Pl.: Ter. (Bentl. e MS): we 6. 
ourselves to the city, urbem afferimur, 
Virg. Phr.: to b. oneself to flight, se 
in fugam or fugae dare. Cic.: v. FLIGHT: 
to b. oneself to verses, se in versum con- 
jicere, Cic.. v. TO GO TO, HaVE RE- 
COURSE TO. 

betel: *piper betele: Linn. 

bethink oneself: respicio, spexi, 
3: b. yourself of your age, aetatem tuam 
respice, Ter.: presently they bethought 
themselves of the gods, mox deos re- 
spexere, Tac. : V. TO RECOLLECT, REMEM- 
BER, REFLECT. 

betide: v- TO HAPPEN, BEFALL. 

betimes; matireé: fo set out b.,m. 
proficisci, Cic.: Caes.: Vv. EARLY, SOON. 

betoken: i.e. to indicate, give inti- 
mations of, forewarn of. 1. signi- 
fico, 1: the wind b.s a storm, ventus 
tempestatem s., Col. 2. dénuntio, 
1: to b. war (of portents), bella d., Cic.: 
V. TO FOREBODE, PROGNOSTICATE, 

betony; vettonica: Plin. 

betray: |. Zodeliver up treacher- 
ously or act treacherously towards: 1, 
prodo, didi, ditum, 3: to b. a fleet to 
pirates, classem praedonibus p., Cic.: to 
b. one’s country, patriam p., Cic.: to b. 
one’s followers, suos p., Caes. Do: 
trado, 3 (less strong than prodo): to b. 
one’s cause to the adversaries, tr. causam 
adversariis, Ter.. Ov.: those who you 
hoped would b. (their trust), you see are 
acting as judges, quos tradituros spe- 





intended to be concealed, or is not ob- 
vious): J, prodo, 3: to b. one’s crime 
in one’s countenance, crimen vultu p., 
Ov. Q, détégo, texi, tectum, 3: fo b. 
a plan, consilium d., Liv.: speech b.s 
the secrets of the soul, oratio animi 
secreta d., Quint.: v. TO DISCLOSE. 3 
dléo, 2 (lit. to smell of )~ to b, the fact 
(unintentionally) that one ts a foreigner, 
peregrinum o., Cic.: to 6. malice, mali- 
tiam ol., Cic. Ill. To mislead : q. v. 

betrayal: proditio: the b. of a town, 
p- oppidi, Caes.: 6.s of friendships, 
amicitiarum proditiones, Cic. (Or expr. 
by part of verb: as, to form a plan 
for the b. of a friend, amici prodendi 
consilium inire: v. TO BETRAY.) 

betrayer: proditor: the b. of his 
country, p. patriae, Cic.: Vv. TRAITOR. 

betroth: 1. spondeo, spdpondi, 
sponsum, 2 (used only of the act of a 
father or guardian of a marriageable 
woman): Pl. 9. despondeo, 2° to 6. 
one’s daughter to any one, filiam alicui 
d., Pl.: we have b'd Tulliola to Piso, 
Tulliolam Pisoni despondimus, Cic. 
(Notre. The compound verb was more 
frequently used in this sense. It is also 
used with ref. to the father of the in- 
tended husband.) 

betrothal: 1. sponsalia, ium and 
iorum, ”.: to perform the ceremony of 
b. in due form, sp. rite facere, Liv.; in 
the form of words dictated, verbis dic- 
tatis, Ov.: day of b., dies sponsaliorum, 
Suet. 9. pactio nuptialis. Liv. 

betrothed (part. and adj.): 1b. 
sponsa (of course only of the bride: cf. 
TO BETROTH): Ter. 9. pactus, a, um 
(of either bride or bridegroom) : to whose 
son the daughter of Artavasdis is b., 
cujus filio pacta est Artavasdis filia, 
Cic.: a b. son-in-law, pactus gener, Ov. : 
Liv. 

better (adj.): compar. to Goop. 
quive Preferable. Phr.- it is 
better (impers.) 1, praestat, stitit, 
1. it would have been b. to die a thou- 
sand times over, mori millies praestitit, 
Cic.: it is b. to submit to the commands 
of Gauls than of Romans, praestat Gal- 
lorum quam Komanorum imperia per- 
ferre, Caes. 2, satius est: it is b. 
for a slave to know than to speale, scire 
satius est quam loqui servum hominem, 
Pl.: no one was found to say that it 
was better to die, repertus est nemo qui 
mori diceret s. esse, Cic. 3. mélius 
est: v. GoopD: often foll. by perf. Inf. 

I. In improved health: Phr.: I 

understood from the letter that Len- 
tulus was 6., literis intellexi Lentulo 
esse melius (dim. meliuscule, somewhat 
6.), Cic.- he has begun to be rather b., 
meliusculus esse coepit, Cels. Wh. As 
subs. ; the better=the advantage : neither 
party had the b. of the other, aequo 
Marte discessum est, Liv.: wisdom al- 
ways gets the b. of bravery, virtute 
semper praevalet sapientia, Phaedr.: v. 
ADVANTAGE ( /in.). 

better (adv.): v. WELL. Phr.: 
nothing can be b., optume habet, PI.: 
the affair begins to progress b. than I 
had expected, incipit res inelius ire quam 
putaram, Cic. you had b. dothis or that, 
praestat, melius, satius esi, te aliquid 
facere, Pl.: Cic.: v. BETTER, adj (1.). 

better (v.): Vv. TO MEND, IMPROVE. 

between: |. Prep.: inter (with 
acc.): (i). of place: mount Jura is b. 
the Sequani and the Helvetii, mons Jura 
est in. Sequanos et Helvetios, Caes. : 
Caesar was b. me and Brundisium, 
inter me et Brundisium Caesar erat, Cic. 
(ii). of time: between his first and his 
sizth consulship there were 46 year's, ejus 
in. primum et sextum consulatum sex 
et quadraginta anni interfuerunt, Cic. - 
darleness had arisen b. the third hour 
and the fourth, in. horam tertiam et 





.Cat. On 


sententias dijudicare, Cic.: he brought 
about peace b. the two states, pacem in- 
duas civitates conciliavit, Nep.: hesi- 
tating b. anger and fear, in. iram et 
metum cunctatus, l'ac.: but let that be 
b. ourselves, quod inter nos sit, Sen. 
(N.B. The prep. is often strengthened by 
means of medius. as, he reclined b. Tar- 
quinius and Perperna, discubuit medius 
inter ‘I’. et P., Sall. fr.: there is no alter- 
native b, peace and war, inter bellum et 
pacem medium nihil est, Cic.: v. also 
inf. phr.) Phr.: Megara, a city mid- 
way b. Corinth and Athens, Megara, 
media Corintho Athenisque urbs, Vell. : 
b. Pollux and Castor, medius Polluce et 
Castore, Ov.: there is friendship b. me 
and those brave men, mihi cum illis 
fortibus viris est amicitia, Cic.: the nose 
is so placed that it seems to be a kind of 
wall b. the eyes, nasus ita locatus est, ut 
quasi murus oculis interjectus esse vide- 
atur, Cic. |]. Adv. : Between is some- 
times used in combination with verbs, 
as to lie between, go between, etc.: for 
which see the several verbs. 

bevel (swzbs.): régiila obliqua; regula 
Lydia (2). 

bevel (v.): (?) obliquo, I: v. To 
SLOPE. 

beverage: 1, potio: Cic. 2, 
potus, us: Pac.: Cels.: v. DRINK. 

bevy: grex: v. FLOCK, COMPANY. 

bewail: 1. déploro, 1 (with ace. 
or de and abl.): to b. such calamities, 
tantas calamitates d., Cic.: to b. any 
one’s wickedness, de alicujus pravitate 
d., Cic. (N.B. The simple verb ploro is 
rarely used with an acec.: v. TO WAIL. 
‘The compound comploro is used of per- 
sons joining to bewail.) 2. gemo, 
ingémo, ingémisco. i.e. to groan over: 
Vv. TO BEMOAN. 8. fleo, defleo; la- 
crimo, illacrimo, collacrimo: v. TO WEEP 
OVER OR FOR. 4, ligeo, moereo: v. 
TO GRIEVE, MOURN FOR. 5. quéror, 
questus, 3: they b.’d their fate, saum 
iatum querebantur, Caes.: Cic.: v. To 
COMPLAIN OF. 6, conquéror: stronger 
than the simple verb, and yet expressing 
rather just, fitting expostulation, than 
unmanly complaint, ef. Cic. Tuse. 1, 
21, 50: “conquert adversam fortunam, 
non Jamentart decet.” 7, lamentor, 
1. Vv. TO LAMENT, and cf. supr. Cic. 
l.c. (N.B. All the above verbs are 
capable also of being followed by ace. 
and unf.) 

beware: 1. cAveo, cavi, cautum, 
2 (used absol.; or foll. by acc, of direct 
object: also by a or ab and abl.: or by 
subj. either with or without ne, the latter 
esp. in colloquial language): b., if you 
please, cave, sis (=si vis), Ter.: to b. 
of poison, a veneno c., Cic.: b. of any one 
seeing you, cave ne videat aliquis, Ter.: 
b. of saying so, cave dixeris, Ter. b. of 
having compassion on your brethren, 
cave te fratrum misereatur, Cic.. of 
this man you must b., hunc tu caveto, 
Hor.: he should b. of asking for this 
Jrom the R. people, caveret id petere a 
populo R., Sall.: rarely with inf.: 6. 
of doing an injury, caveto laedere, 
praecaveo: v. TO GUARD 
AGAINST. 

bewilder : v.10 CONFUSE, PERPLEX. 
Chiefly used in p. part.: Phr. men 
seeking b.'d for the path of life, viam 
palantes quaerere vitae, Lucr.: Ov.: v. 
TO GO ASTRAY. 


bewilderment: v. PERPLEXITY, 
CON FUSION. ; 
bewitch: |. To fascinate by magic: 


1. fascino, 1 (having ref. to the sup- 
posed power of an evil eye): some eye 
or other b.s my tender lambs, nescio 
quis teneros oculus mihi fascinat agnos, 
Virg. 92. effascino, 1: Plin.- Gell. 

3, dévévéo, vovi, votum, 2 (with 


| ref. to the imprecations and incanta- 


quartam tenebrae obortae fuerant, Liv. | tions of sorcery): has some old woman 


(iii). of other relations: what difference 
ts there b. a citizen who aims at popu- 
larity, and one who is consistent, strict, 
and sedate? quid interest in. popularem 


sabas, vides judicare, Cic.: v. also To| civem et inter constantem, severum et 


ABANDON. 
78 


bd you by her incantations? num te 
carminibus devovit anus? Tib.: Ov. 
Il. 7 charm, fascinate: q. Vv. 
bewitcher: v. ENCHANTER. 
bewitching (subs.): fascinatio: Plin, 


Il. Zo disclose (what is! gravem? Cic.: to decide b. opinions, in. ' v. ENCHANTMENT 
' 


—_— 


) 





BILE 


BILL-HOOK 





bibliomania: *biblidmania-: M. L. 
bibliomaniac: *librorum rariorum 


BEWITCHING 
bewitching (adj.): Fig.: v. 
OHARMING. 
beyond: A.Prep.: |. On the| helluo, suuidiosus. 
farther side of, past: 1, ultra (both | _ bibliopoiist : 


of place and of time: with acc.): on this 
side of the Padus and b. it, cis Padum 
ultraque, Liv.: he formed his camp two 
miles 6. that mountain, milibus pas- 
suum ff. ul. eum montem castra fecit, 
Caes.: b. the years of childhood, ul, pue- 
riles annus, Quint.: Prop. 2. extra 
(with acc.): b. the province, ex. provin- 
ciam, Caes.: 6. the Colline gate, ex. 
portam Collinam, Cic. 3, trans (with 
acc.): buildings b. the river, aedificia 
tr. flumen, Caes.: at that very time I 
was b. the sea, eo ipso tempore tr. mare 
fui, Cic.: v. ACROss. 4, siiper (rare: 
with acc.) : he will extend the empire b. 
the Indians, s. Indos proferet imperium, 
Virg.: b. Numidia, s. Numidiam, Sall. 

5, supra (with acc.): b. Suessula, 
s. Suessulam, Liv.: Plin. I. With 
ref. to limits or degrees : ], ultra: 
if a mortal is anxivus b. due limits, si 
mortalis ultra fas trepidat, Hor. : b. the 
strength and condition of old age, vires 
ultra sortemque senectae, Virg. 7 
extra’ bounds and limits b. which J 
cannot go, fines terminique ex. quos 
egredi non possum, Cic. 3, supra: 
b. one’s power, s. vires, Hor.: b. human 
belief, s. humanam fidem, Plin.: b. 
measure, s. modum, Col.: his frame 
was capable of enduring fatigue to a 
degree b. human belief, corpus patiens 
inediae, supra quam cuiquam credibile 
est, Sall. 4, praeter (with ace.): the 
lake had swollen b. its limits, lacus p. 
modum creverat, Cic.: you will exert 
yourself b. others, p. ceteros laborabis, 
Cic.: Hor. §, siiper (= more than): 
hunger affected the army even b. disease, 
exercitum 5. morbum etiam fumes «ffec- 
it, Liv.: 6. all things, s. omnia, Virg. : 
Vv. ABOVE. B. Adv.: 1. supra: 
love so great that nothing could be b., 
amor tuntus ut nihil s. possit, Cic. 92, 
ultra: is there anything b. to which 
cruelty can proceed ? estne aliquid ul. 
quo progredi crudelitas possit? Cic.: 
up to the time of Attius and b. they 
wrote long syllables with double vowels, 
usque ad Attium et ultra porrectas 
syllabas geminis vocalibus scripserunt, 
Quint. 3. ultérins: b. there is no- 
thing but uninhabitable cold, ulterius 
nihil est nisi 10n habitabile trigus, Ov. : 


op. 

bezel: _ 1. pala: the b. of a ring, 
p. anuli, Cic. 9 funda: Plin. 

bezoar: lapis bezoardicus: M. L. 

bias (svbs.): (prob. always used of a 
pervei ted direction): inclinatio: the b. 
of the feelings, animorum in., Liv.: @ 
6. in favour of any one, in. in aliquem, 
Tac.: Vv. INCLINATION. Phr.: Jdemand 
that you bring no b. to this trial, postulo 
ne quid huc praejndicati afferatis, Cic. 

plas (v.): inclino, £: these things b. 
the mind, haec animum in., Liv.: pity 
bs the juryman, judicem in. miseratio, 
Quint. Phr.: to be bd in any one’s 
favour, inclinatione animi propendere 
in aliquem, Cic. Or. 2, 29, 129: not to 
be b/d by hatred or friendship (of 
judges), ab odio, amicitia, vacuous esse, 
Sall. Cat. 51, iit.: to record events 
without being bd by resentment or 

rty-spivit, wadere sine ira et studio, 

ac, A. I, £: V. TO INCLINE, PREJU- 
DICE. 

bib: “fascia pectoralis (infantum) : 

and A, 

bibber: potator: Pl.: v. prUNKARD. 

bible: 1. biblia, orum: Eccl. 

2. sacrae terae: Sulp. 8. scrip- 
tira: Abr. 4, divina scriptura: 
Erasm. 5, sacra volumina: Sulp. 
6. sacrae scripturae: M.L. Phr.: 

aes of the b., biblica exemplaria: 

oe hae 

biblical: *biblicuvs: M.L. Phr.: b., 
criticism, sacrarum literarum = censura : 
a b. scholar, sacr. lit. péritus. 
ye iblicgrapher : *hiblidgraphus :; 


bibliography: *biblidgriphia: M.L. 





bibliépola: Plin. : 
Tart. 
bibulous;: bibiilus: Virg.: Plin. 
icker: Vv. TO WKANGLE. 
bickering (subs.) : 1, vélitatio: 
PL. 2, rixa (or ger. of rixor): v. 
QUARREL, FRAY, 
bid: |. To request, tell: q. v.: 
Jitbéo, jussi, jussum, 2: b. him be of 
good cheer, jubeto habere bonum ani- 
mum, PL.; our friends b. us hope, spe- 
rare nos amici j., Cic.: I saluted him, 
then bade him Jarewell, illum salutavi, 
postea jussi valere, ‘Ver. Il. 70 offer 
(a price), licéor, licitus, 2: when he bids, 
no one dares to b. against him, illo 
licente, contra 1. audet nemo, Caes.: to 
b. by raising the finger (the usual way), 
digito liceri, Cic.: they are thinlcing of 
b.ing Jor your gardens, istos hortes 1. 
cogitant, Cic. Phr.: he bade me de/fi- 
ance, ille inimicitias mihi denuntiavit, 
Cic.: he b.s fair to do better, spes est 
eurh melius facturum, PL.: the harvest 
b.s fair to be abundant, *spes boua est 
messem largam fore. 
bidder (of a price): expr. by verb: 
illicitator is one who endeavours to raise 
the price: Cic¢.: Vv. INVITER, CcOM- 
MANDER. 
bidding (of a price): licitatio: to 
make bids, licitationes facere, Cic.: v. 
ORDER, INVITATION. 
biennial: 1. hbiennalis, e: Cod. 
ust. 2. biennis, e (v. rare): Suet. 
3. bimus: 6. plants, b. plantae, 
Plin. 
bier: 1, ferciilum (denoting a 
kind of dish or tray used for the table ; 
also for carrying in procession the ashes 
of the dead, busts, ete.): Snet, 9. 
férétrum (i. q. fercilum): Virg.: Ov. 
3. lectica (prop. @ litter: litters 
being used, esp. by the rich, as biers) : 
Suet.: @ small litter or bier, lecticiila. 
Nep. 4, sandapila (for the poor): 
Suet.: Juv. 
biestings: cdlostra, ae; cdlostra, 
orum; or colostrum: Plin.: Mart. 
bifurcation: usu. best expr. by 
phr., as near the b. of the river, prope 
ad locum ubi fluvius se (in duas partes) 
dividit, scindit. 
big: |. Large, huge: q. v.: in- 
gens, vastus. I. Lregnant, full, 
teeming: q.v.: fétus. Phr.: @ year 
b. with the fate of the city, annus fatalis 
ad bujus urbis interitum, Cic. il. 
Boustjul: q.v. Phr.: to talk b., am- 
pullari, Hor. (with ref. to tumid lan- 
guage); maria montesque polliceri, Sall. 
(of boastful promises): this man has 
deceived you by his affected gravity and 
b. looks, is vos rugis supercilioque de- 
cepit, Cic. 
bigamist: 1, bimaritus (a word 
censured by Cic. Pl. 12, 30): Hier. 9, 
digamus (Séyamos): Hier. Or expr. by 
phr., as neither of the above words has 
good authority: *qui alteram mulierem 
Matrimonio haud justo (legitimo) habet, 
viva adhuc uxore, 
bigamy: bigamia: M.L. Phr.: to 
be living in b., *alteram mulierem haud 
justo matrimonio tenere. 
bight: sinus: v. Bay. 
bigness: V. BULK, SIZE. 
bigot: qui suae de religione opinioni 
nimium fidit s. servit (cf. Cic. Or. 8, 25): 
*qyul alienarum de religione sententiarum 
impatiens est. 
bigoted: *intemperanter s. obstinate 
suae opinioni, suis partibus, etc. deditus; 
alicui opinioni, religioni, caeco quodam 
impetu deditus: v. BIGOP. 
bisotedly: nimis obstinaté; cum 
pervicacia: V. BIGOTRY, OBSTINACY. 
bigotry : *nimia suae (de religione) 
opinionis fiducia; pervicacia, (infiexi- 
bilis) obstinatio (cf. Plin. ep. 10, 96, 
2). 


bilberry: |. The plant: *vacci- 
nium Myrtillus: Linn. 


I. Lhe fruit: 
vaccinium : Virg. 
bile: bilis, is, f.: black h., b. nigra, 








Cels.: Plin. Fig.: that stirs the b, 
bilem id commovet, Cic.: to vent one's 
b., bilem effundere, Juv.: v. GALL, m- 
DIGNATION, 
bilge-water: 1, sentina: Cic.: 
‘aes. 2. nautéa (?): Plin. 
biliary: Phr.: the b. duct, *bdilis 
ductus. 
bilious: bilidsus: Cels. 
bilk: v. To CHEAT. 
Dill (subs): =f, A beak (of a bird): 
1, rostrum: v. BEAK. 2. cornu, 
n. (poet.): Ov. I]. A mattock, battle- 
axe: q. V.: séciiris, is, f. 
bill (@ document in writing) : 1. 
Legal ¢. ¢.: NWbellus (the most gen. term: 
V. ADDRESS, PETITION ): Juv.: Paul. Dig. : 
to bring in a b. of indictment against 
any one, aliquem libello citare, PL: vy, 
TO ACCUSE, INDICT. Il. A written 
promise to pay : 1, nomen: he owed 
you a large sum on good b.s, tibi certis 
nh. grandem pecuniam debuit, Cic.: to 
me+t a b., nomen suscipere, Cic. : to draw 
b.8, nomina facere, Cic.: to assign a b., 
n. in alium transcribere (?), Liv. 74 
syngrapha: you advanced him money 
on his b., pecuniam ei per s. credidisti, 
Cic.: a b. payable at sight, *s. ex qua 
praesenti die pecunia debetur. Phr.: 
an accommodation b., versiira(?): ‘Ver.: 
Cic.: Vv. BOND. Il. A proposed law: 
1, rdgatio (in the class. authors only 
of bs brought before the people): to 
propose b.s to the people, rogatioues ad 
populum ferre, Caes.: an argument 
against a b., dissuasio rogationis, Cic. : 
he spoke in favour of the b., suasit roga- 
tionem, Cic.: to reject a 0., r. antiquare, 
Liv. 2. lex, légis, f. (a term appii- 
cable to all measures which have passed 
into law; q. v.): to bring forward a b., 
l. ferre, rogare, Ulp.: to carry a b., 
legem perterre, Liv. 3, plébiscitum 
(i. e. a b. passed by the commons): Cic. - 
Dig. 4. privilégium (a b. affecting a 
Single individual): to bring forward 
such a b., de aliquo p. ferre, Cic. Pr. - 
the consuls proposed a 6. to the people, 
consules populum rogaverunt, Cic. |. 
A written (or printed) notice: 13 
libellus : b.s of the gladiators (= bills of 
the play), gladiatorum iibelli, Cic. - 
Alfenus tears down the b.s (announcing 
the auction), libellos Alfenus dejicit, 
Cic.: Suet. 2. titiilus- to put up a 
b. on a house (to show that it is for saie 
or letting), lares sub titulum mittere, 
Ov.: Plin.: v. ADVERTISEMEN7T, PLACARD. 
V. An account (rendered) of muney 
due: *ratio (summa) accepti, debiti: 
Kr. V. ACCOUNT, DEBT. Miscell: a@ 
b. of lading, tabella (? libelius) rerum 
vectarum (Ains.): @ 0. of sale, emptio, 
Scaev. Dig. : the b.s of mortality, *tabulae 
mortuorum: (cf. Suet. Ner. 39: “ tri- 
ginta millia in rationem Libitinae ven- 
erunt,’ which is about equiy. to our 
saying, “ the bills of nuortality exhibited 
the number of 30,000 deatis”): to send 
a b.of divorce toa wife (prop. of per- 
sons betrothed), repudium uxori mitiere, 
Suet.: scribere, Tert.: nuntium uxori 
mittere, Cic. (though a written docu- 
ment is not necessarily impiied): v. 
DIVORCE. 
bill (@.): Phr.: tob. and coo, colum- 
bulatim labra conserere labris. Mat. ap. 
Gell.: labra labris ferruminare admo- 
dum, Pl. 
billet (subst.) : |, A short letter : 
1, épistdla brévis: a b.-dovx, epis- 
tola amatorie scripta, Cic. 2. episto- 
iium: Cat. 3, cddicilli, orum: vy. NorE. 
I]. A ticket for the lodging of sol- 
diers, *tessera hospitii militaris (R. and 
A.). |]. Alog of wood : lignum, stipes: 
V. LOG, STICK. 
billet (v.): Phr.: the pretorian co- 
horts were b.’d (on the people), praeto- 
Tianae cohortes per hospitia dispersas 
sunt, Suet.: he b.s the army in the towns, 
exercitum per oppida dispertit, Liv.: 
the Etruscans were Ieindly received at 
Rome, and b.’d on private persons, 
Etrusci Romae benigne excepti divisique 
in hospitia, Liv. 
bill-hook: falcitila: Cato: CoL 
79 


BILLIARDS 


BINDING 


BIRTH-DAY 





* billiards: *ludus tudicularis s. tudi- 

cularius (Kr.): to play at b.s, *globulos 

eburneos clava lusoria super mensam 

agitare s. impellere (Kr. and Georg.) 
billion: *billio: Ern. ap. Kr. 
billow: fluctus: v. WAVE. 


billowy: 1, undosus: the b. sea, 
un. aequor, Virg.: Sil. 9, undans, 
ntis: Acc. ap. Cic.: Claud. 3, unda- 


bundus (stronger than undans): Gell. 
4. fiuctuosus: Pl. (but used by 

- Plin. in sense of wavy, of gems). 

bin: 1, lacus, ts (for corn, ete.): 
Col. Q, loctilus (in a wine-cellar) : 
Pl. Mil. 3, 2, 38. 

binacle;: *locus in quo servatur 
pyxus acus magniticae. 


binary; binarius: Lampr. 
pind: |. Lit.: to tie together, 
to confine, restrain: 1. figosaieo 


b. a handkerchief about the neck, su- 
darium circum collum lL. Suet. y 
vincio, vinxi, vinctum, 4 (to b. in 
order to confine or elton: 3; Whereas 
ligo prop. signifies to b. so as to hold 
together or preserve from injury: Vv. 
Habicht, § 597): it is a crime to b. 
a Roman citizen, facinus est v. civem 
Romanum, Cic.: to b. with chains, ca- 
tenis v., Caes.: fo b. the temples with 
Fresh flowers tempora novis floribus 
v., (The comp. evincio is in- 
tens. : Tac.) 3, necto, nexui or nexi, 
nexum, 3 (prop. to twine together ; 
weave: q.v.): to b. winged sandals on 
the feet, talaria pedibus n., Virg. 4, 
stringo, strinxi, strictum, 3: v. TO 
SQUEEZE, CONFINE, PRESS. (See also the 
compounds.) []. Fig.: to restrain, 
hold in check: 1, téneo, ii, ntum, 2: 
the laws do not b. him, leges illum non 
t., Cic.: Virg.: to be bound neither by 
oath nor by hostages, neque jurejurando 
neque obsidibus teneri, Caes. 2. ob- 
stringo, nxi, ctum, 3: to b.a state by an 
oath, civitatem jurejurando ob., Caes. : 
to be bound by laws, legibus obstringi, 
Cic. (a stronger expr. than legibus ten- 
eri). 3, astringo, 3} (=2): to b. by 
laws, legibus as., Cic.: to b. by condi- 
tions, conditionibus as., Cic. 4, vincio 
(rare in this sense): to b. by a marriage 
contract, pacto matrimonii v., Tac.: 
bound (fettered) by a religious scruple, 
religione vinctus, Cic. 5, alligo, 1: 
the law b.s all persons, omnes mortales 
al. lex, Cic.: to b. any one (to something) 
by oath, aliquem jurejurando al., Pl. 
(The simple verb ligo in this sense is 
chiefly poet.) 6. obligo, 1: to b. a 
surety in 3000 asses, vadem tribus mil- 
libus aeris ob. Liv. Phr.: to b. any 
one by oath: aliquem (ad) jusjurandum 
adigere; also, jurejurando, sacramento 
adigere: v. OATH: bound to no school in 
philosophy, nullius addictus jurare in 
verba magistri, Hor.: to be bound by 
religious scruples so as not to be able to 
do a thing, religionibus impediri, Caes. 

Ul. Zo render costive or firm: 1, 


astringo, 3: to b. the boirels, alvum as., 
Cels.: Ov. 2, constringo, 3: Plin.: 
Vv. ASTRINGENT. 8, stringo, 3: the 


sea is bound by intense cold, mare gelu 
stringitur, Gell. 4, comprimo, pressi, 
pressum, 3: to b. the bowels, alvum c., 
Cels. |. To fasten or secure the edges 
ofanything: J], praeligo, 1: a wreath 
bound with a white band, corona can- 
dida fascia praeligata, Suet. 2. prae- 
texo, xui, Xtum, 3: V. TO BORDER, FRINGE. 

V. To bind books: libros congli- 
tinare: Ulp. (compingere, tegumentis 
munire, Kr.). 

—w— back or behind: 1. réligo, 
1: to b. back the hair, comam r., Hor.: 
Achilles drags Hector bound behind his 
chariot, trahit Hectorem ad currum reli- 
gatum Achilles, Cic. 2 révincio, 
(strictly to b. back; hence to b. fir my): 
to b. any one fast to rocks, aliquem = 
saxar., Ov.: Virg.: Vv. TO FASTEN. 
restringo, 3: tob. back the Nees 
lacertos r., Hor.: Cic. 

—— before, in front, or to the 
end of: . praeligo, 1 : dry twigs 
are bound to the tips of the oxen’s hoi ns, 
arida sarmenta praeligantur cornibus 

so 





boum: Liv.: 


Cic. Q, praevincio, 4: 
Gell. 


8. praenecto, 3: Sol. 
down: 1. déligo, 1: he 
orders the man to be stripped and bound 
d., hominem nudari ac deligari jubet, 
Cie. : V.TO FASTEN DOWN. Q, dévincio, 
4: to b. any one down with bandages, 
aliquem fasciis d., Cic. 
over: |. Lit.: to b. one 
thing over another : 1, obligo, 1: 
with something bound (a bandage) over 
the eyes, obligatis oculis, Sen.: Cic.: v. 
TO BIND UP. 9. obstringo, 3: v. TO 
BIND UP. ||, Zo make a legal engage- 
ment with any one: 1, obligo, 1: 
more fully, nexu se obligare, Cic.: to b. 
oneself over by a@ compact, foedere se ob., 
Liv.: Suet. 9. astringo, obstringo, 
3: V. TO BIND (II.). 8, vador 1 (i. e. 
to b. over a defendant by sureties to 
«ppear): V. BAIL. 
ound: 1, circumligo, 1: 

es b. tron round with tow, ferrum stuppa 

: Liv.: Virg. 2. obligo, 1: bound 
tr. ah a hide, obdligatus corio, Auct. ad 
Her.: to b. a shoot round with fine 
bark, surculum libro obl., Varr.: Vv. T0 
BIND UP. 














to: 1. alligo,1: tob.a man 
to a statue, hominem ad statuam al., 
Cic. Q. astringo, 3: to b.a man /ast 
to a pillar, aliquem ast. ad columnam 





fortiter, Pl.: Cic. 8. (Fig.): dé- 
vincio, astringo, etc.: v. TO ATTACH 
TO. 

together: 1. colligo, 1: to 


b. the hands together, manus c., Liv.: 
to b. the hair together, capillum c., Varr. 
Fig.: men are bound together by the 
bond of speech, homines sermonis vin- 
culo colligantur, Cic. 9. constringo, 
3 (to b. together tightly): to b. the hands 
together, manus c., Pl.: to b. the world 
together by laws, orbem terrarum legi- 
bus c., Cic. (To b. together may also be 
expr. by the simple verbs, as, to b. the 
hair together, stringere comas, Lucr.): 
V. TO FASTEN TOGETHER, 8. contineo, 
2 (esp. fig.): v. TO HOLD TOGETHER, CON- 
NECT. 








|. Of dressing wounds, 
etc. : 1, ligo, t: to b. up a wound, 
vulnus L, Liv. 2, (more usu.) obligo, 
1: to b. up a broken leg, crus fractum 
ob., Pl.: to b. up a wound, vulnus ob., 
Cic. 8, alligo, 1: to b. up a wound, 
vulnus al., Liv.: Just. 4, colligo, 1: 
to b. up wounds, vulnera c., Suet. 5) 
praeligo, 1: Plin. Il. To Jasten to- 
gether, confine: 1, obstringo, 3: to 
b. up the winds, ventos ob., Hor.: v. 
TO CONFINE. 9. substringo, 3: to b. 
the hair up in a knot, crinem nodo s 
Tae. 8. (In medical sense): stringo, 
astringo, constringo, comprimo: v. TO 
BIND (ILI.). II]. Only in pass. : to be 
bound up in or with, contineor, 2: the 
league with Rome, in which all our 
interests are bound up, Romanum foedus 
quo nostra omnia continentur, Liv.: my 
return (from exile) is bound up with 
your decision, meus reditus vestro judi- 
cio continetur, Cic. 
upon or on: 1, illigo, r: | 
he b.s Mettus outstretched upon the cha- 
riots, in currus distentum illigat Mettum, 
Liv. 2. innecto, 3: to b. garlands 
upon the temples, tempora sertis in., 
Ov.: Virg. 8, alligo, 1: v. To BIND 
To. 4, subligo,1: to b. a sword upon 
the side, ensem lateri s., Virg. 

binder (svbs.): rarely used except in 
sense of book-binder: q.v. (The Lat. 
substantives vinctor, alligator, in general 
sense are rare, and their meaning is usu. 
best conveyed by part of a verb.) 

binding (adj.): obligatorius: Gai. 
Chiefly used in phr, it is binding, i. e. 
incumbent upon: Oportet : Vv. IT BEHOVES, 
BECOMES. 

binding (subs.) : |. In gen. sense : 

1, réligatio: the b. up of vines, r. 

vitium, Cic. Q. (more usu.): expr. 
by part of verb: as, to pay attention 
to the b. up of vines, vitibus religandis 
operam dare. , Of books: *tégi- 
mentum (Kr.): v. COVERING. Wl. 
Of a dress: V. BORDER, FRINGE. 


up: 








bind-weed: convolviilus: Plin. 
binocular: *bindcilaris,e: M. i. 
binomial: *bindmialis,e. M. L. 
biographer: vitae rerumque gesta- 
rum alicujus narrator s. scriptor: vy. 
WRITER. Phr.: those who are their 
own b.s, scriptores rerum suarum, Cic. 
biographical: Phr.: @ 6. work, 
liber de hominis (hominum) vita: cf. 


Nep. Pref. jin.: @ b. writer, Vv. BIO- 
GRAPHER. 
biography: Phr.: to write the b.s 


of distinguished men, vitas resque gestas 
clarorum hominum memoriae mandare, 
Gell.: in this book we will write the b. 
of illustrious commanders, hoc expone- 
mus libro vitam (al, de vita) excellen- 
tium imperatorum, Nep. 

bipartite: bipartitus: Varr.: Cic. 

biped: bipes, pédis. vilest of b.s, 
bipedum nequissimus, Plin. ep. 

birch-tree; betula or betulla; Plin. 

birchen: ex betula factus: or by 
analogy, betulinus. 

bird: 1. avis, is, f.: a b. shut wp 
in @ cage, a. inclusa in cavea, Cic.: 
deceived by a false b. (i. e. omen), ave 
deceptus falsa, Ov. 2, avictla (a 
little b.): Gell. 8. volucris, is, f. 
(prop. any flying creature): Cic.: Hor. 

4, alés, itis, com. (chiefly poet. ; 

and usu. of a single large bird) : a white 
b. (i. e. swan), a. albus, Hor. : the watch- 
ful b. (i.e. coclk), vigil a., Ov.: the tawny 
b. of Jove (i.e. eagle), fulvus Jovis a., 
Virg. 5, praepes, €tis (prop. indica- 
tive of vapid motion: poet.): the b. of 
Jove, p. Jovis, Ov.: Virg. 

bird-ca e: (avis) cavéa: Cic. 

ird-call;: *fistiila aucipatoria. 
bird-catcher : auceps, cupis ; PL 


hind-catehined auciipium : Cic. 
bird-keeper ; 4viarius: Col. 
bird-lime: viscum: Cic.: Virg. 


bird-net: réte A4viarium: Varr. 
bird’s-nest; nidus: Cic. : Virg. 
bireme: biremis, is, f.: Caes.: Cic. 


birth |. A coming into life: 
1. ortus, tis (N.B. Not natus; 
which only occurs in abl. sing., in sense 
of age: q. v.): the moon controls the 
b.s of those who are just coming into 
existence, ortus nascentium luna mode- 
ratur, Cie. 2, nativitas: the gateway 
of b., janua nativitatis, Tert. 3, More 
fieq. expr. by help of verb: as, the 
father rejoiced at the b. of @ son, pater 
gavisus est filium sibi natum esse: 
do you know the exact time of the girl's 
b.? scisne (scin’) quota maxime hora 
puella nata sit?: v. TO BE BORN the 
hour of b., natalis hora, Hor.: to give b. 
to, parére, @niti (esp. in perf. tenses) - 
Vv. TO BRING FORTH. I]. Lineage, de- 
scent : 1. génus, éris, n. (usu. in con- 
nexion with natus, and often = high 
birth): they ave of noble b., nobili g. 
nati sunt, Cic.: to boast of one’s b., 
genus jactare, Hor. 2. ortus, ts: 
Cato by b. a Tusculan, Cato ortu Tuscu- 
lanus, Cic. 3, natales, ium, m.: a 
man of distinguished b., vir claris na- 
talibus, Tac.: Juv. Phr.: @ matden 
of noble b., generosa virgo, Cic. : no one, 
Maecenas, is of better b. than you, mee 
cenas, nemo est generosior te, Hor. : 
person of the lowest b., homo infimo face 
natus, Cic.: v. DESCENT, FAMILY, Ul. 
The act of giving birth: 1, partus, 
tis: the b. was thought to be at hand, 
jam appropinquare p. putabatur, Cic.: 
the incantations arrested the b., tenue- 
runt carmina partus,Ov. @Q, fetus, tis: 
PivsaCic: IV. The thing born: v. 
CREATURE. V. Origin, beginning: 
q. v.: chiefly in phr. to give birth to; 
pario: v. TO OCCASION, GIVE RISE TO. 
birth-day: 1, dies natalis: the 
b. day of this city, dies n. hujus urbis, 
Cic.: you wrote a letter to me on your b., 
n. die tuo scripsisti epistolam ad me, 
Cic.: also simply natalis, is, m.: J cam 
to the city on my b., ad urbem n. meu 
veni, Cic.: it is my 6., meus est n. 
Virg. 2. génitalisdies: ‘I'ac. Phr.. 
he gives a b. entertainment in his gar- 
dens, dat natalitia in hortis, Cic.: J 


BIRTH-PLACE 





was invited to a b. feast, ad natalitias 


th-place: 1, sdlum natale: 


ae vocabar, Mart. 
Ov 2. génitale sélum: Vell. 


incinabala, orum (fig.): J will proceed 


to my b., ad in. nostra pergam, Cic.: the 
». of Jove, Jovis in., Ov.. Vv. CRADLE. 
Phr.: this is my real b., haec est mea 
germana patria, Cic. 

birth-right: |, Right having its 
Soundation in descent : *jus quod ex 


genere est s, oritur: not simply jus he- 
reditarium (Auct. Har. Resp. 7, 14), for 


the her was not necessarily related by 
blood. Il. The right of the eldest 
born: *jus filiifamilias majoris, maximi. 
Phr.: he sold his b., vendidit *primitiva 
sua, Vulg. Hebr. 12, 16. 
birth-wort: 1, aristéléchia: Plin. 
. clematitis, idis, f.: Plin. 3: 
Pist6lochia: Plin. 
biscuit: buccellatum - (this was the 
bread furnished to soldiers when it was 
necessary for them to take provisions 
for a longer time than usual). Ammian.; 
Spart.: sweet biscuits, dulcia, ium: 
mpr. 
bisect: in duas partes aequales sec- 
are s. dividere, 
bisection: expr. by inf. mood, or 
other part of verb: v. To BISECT. 
bishop: 1, Episcépus: Eccl.: @ 
suffragan b., chorépiscdpus, Cod. Just. . 
an associate b., cdépiscdpus, Hier, 9. 
pontifex, icis: Sidon.: the ofjice of a b., 
pontificium : Sol.- Cod. Theod. 
bishopric: |, 4 bishop’s district : 
dioecesis, is, f.: Sid. J, A bishop’s 
office: Episcdpatus, us: Tert. 
bismuth: bismithum: M. L. 
bison: bison, ontis, m.: Plin. 
bissextile (subs.): 1, intercilaris 
annus: Plin, 2, bisextilis annus: 
Isid. 
bissextile (adj ) : bisextilis, e: Isid. 
istoury: “gladius Pistoriensis. M.L. 
bit (for a horse’s mouth); frénum ; 
usu, in plu. fréna or fréni: the horse 
submits to the b., equus trenum recipere 
solet, Cic.: Hor.: to take the b. in one’s 
teeth (i.e. to resist), frenum mordere, 
Cic.: the sounding b., freni sonantes, 
Virg.: a jagged kind of b. (used for 
hard-mouthed horses), frena lupata (also 
eaply, lupata, Virg., and lupus, Ov.). 
or. 
bit (a small piece) : 1. frustum 
(usu. of food): a 6. falls from the 
chicken’s mouth, f. ex pulli ore cadit, 
Cic.: Hor, 2. offa (prop. a lump of 
cake or meat): Cic. : Virg. 8, olftla 
(@ little b.): a little b, of meat, carnis 
of., Col.: a Little b. of bread, panis of., 
Veg. Phr.: to cut anything into little 
bits, aliquid minutatim secare, Varr.. 
V. MORSEL, WHIT. 
bit (v.): Phr.: to b.a horse, frenos 
€quo adhibere. cf. Cic. Brut. 56, 204. 
bitch: canis femina- Plin. (Not 
simply canis, which is found in the Jem. 
quite irrespective of sex.) 
bite (v.): |, To pierce with teeth, 
elc.: 1, mordéo, mémordi, morsum, 
2: dogs can b., canes m. possunt, Virg.. 
the flea b.s, pulex m., Mart.: he bit the 
ground when dying, moriens humum 
ore momordit, Virg. Fig.: in plough- 
ing, the share b.s (the ground), in arando 
m. vomer, Plin. praemordeo, 
vraemordi, 2 (to b. off the extremity 
of): to b. off the tip of the tongue, lin- 
guam p., Lucan. 3, admordev, 2 (to 
nibble: q. v.)- her arms were bit at by 
adders, sunt brac!ia admorsa colubris, 
Prop. 4, démordeo, 2 (to bite off): 
fo b. off one’s nails, ungues d., Pers. 
Phr.: to b. off the lobe of the ear, auri- 
culam mordicus auferre, Cic, Il. Zo 
produce a keen, pungent sensation 3 
mordeo: now the morning chills b. those 
who are not careful enough, matutina 
parum cautos jam frigora m., Hor.: the 
aot b.s with a sharp taste, radix gustu 
acri m., Plin.: so of pain cansed by 
Sarcasm, etc.: a biting Jest, jocus mor- 
dens, Juv. 
bite (subs.): morsus, ais: (i). the act 
o& biting: wounds which are made bya 













BLACK 


b., vulnera quae morsn fiunt, Cels.: to 
attack with bs, morsibns insequi, Ov. 
(li). @ wound made by biting: the ulcer- 
ated b. of a serpent, ulceratus serpentis 
m., Cic,: wool pressed upon the b.s of a 
mad dog, lana canis rabioesi morsibus 
inculcata, Plin.: Cels. Phr.: with a 
v., or with the teeth, mordicus: Varr. : 
ic. 
biting (adj.) : |. Apt to bite: 
mordax, acis: a b, dog, m. canis, Pl.. @ 
b. horse, m. equus, Gell, Il. Cutting, 
severe : 1, asper, éra, trum: more 
b, witticisms, asperiores facetiae, Cic, 
2. mordax: a b, poem, m. carmen, 
Ov. : b. envy, m. invidia, Phaedr, 3. 
mordens: Juv.: v. GALLING, STINGING. 
bitter : |. Of the taste: amarus: 
sensation judges (what is) sweet or b., 
sensus judicat dulce, amarum, Cic.: a 
b. taste in the mouth, os amuarum, Cels. 
Somewhat b., sibamarus - things some- 
what b. please others, alios subamara 
delectant, Cic. Phr.: 7 become b., 
amaresco, 3: Pall... inamaresco, 3 
Hor.: v. also sour. Il. Sharp, se- 
vere : 1, acerbus: b. cold, a. frigus, 
Hor.: he was b. in vituperation, a. erat 
in vituperando, Cic, 2, amarus: b. 
words, a, dicta, Ov. 3. asper, éra, 
érum: b. hatred, a. odia, Virg.: Cic. : 
V. BITING. UW. Painful: 1, acer- 
bus: @ b. and mournful day for the 
Roman people, a. et luctuosus populo 
R. dies, Cic.: a very b. annoyance, acer- 
bissima vexatio, Cic. 2. gravis, e: 
V. GRIEVOUS, 
bitterly : 1, acerbé (i.e. with 
austerity): he was b. severe upon his 
son, a. severus in filium fuit, Cic. Also 
with ref. to grief, vexation: to be b, 
vexed at anything, aliquid a. ferre, Cic. 
2. aspére (implying anger and 
harshness): Cato spoke b. and violently, 
Cato a. et vehementer est locutus, Cic. 
3. infensé (implying hostility and 
exasperation): to inveigh b., in, invehi, 
Tac. 4, imaré (less frequent than 
the foregoing; and denoting wounded 
Seeling rather than hostility): to repri- 
mand b., admonere a., Sen. : Suet. 
bittern: 1, ardédla. Plin. Qh 
astérias, ae, m.: Plin, 3. bitio, dnis, 
m.: Carm. Phil. 
bitterness: |, Of taste: J, 
amaritas: the b. of the juice, am. succi, 
Vitr. 2. amaritido: Varr.: Plin. 
8. amaror (rare): Luer.: Virg. 
Il. Sharpness, Severity : 1, acer- 
bitas: a difference of opinion without 
b., dissensio sine a., Cic. 2. aspéritas 
(of b. as hostile, aggressive): words of 
studied b., verba quaesita asperitate, 
Tac. 8. Amiaritido (bitter, wounded 
Jeeling): lest injustice turn to 6., ne in 
amaritudinem vertat injuria, Plin. — {jj, 
Severe affliction: 1, acerbitas: the b. 
of extreme grief, a. summi luctus, Cic. 
2, amaritido: Val. Max.: v. Griz. 
VOUSNESS, 
bitter-sweet (a plant): 1, am- 
pélos, i, f.: Plin, 2, salicastrum: 
Plin. 
bitumen: bitiimen, inis, n.: Tac.: 
Plin. 


bituminous: 1, bitiminéus: Oy, 
. bitimindsus: Vitr. 

bivouac (subs.) : exctibiae, arum: 
Cic.- Tac.: v. WATCH, GUARD. 

bivouac (v.): exciibo, ai, Itum, 1 
they ascertained by the fires that our 
cohorts were b.ing at night near the for- 
tifications, animadverterunt ex ignibus 
noctu cohortes nostras ad munitiones 
ex., Caes.: he orders tuo legions to b. 
in readiness for action, duas legiones in 
armis ex. jubet, Caes.: Virg. 

blab (v.): 1, déblatéro, 1 (rare) : 
PE 2. gesto, r: Pl.: Sen.: v, TO 
DIVULGE, SPREAD ABROAD, 

blab (subs.): 1, garralus (strictly 
an adj.) : Hor.: v. Gosste. 2. gestor 


(rare): Pl. 8, vulgator: Ov.: vy. | 


BABBLER. 


black (adj.): |, Of colour: 


ater, tra, trum (prop. dead b.): do you 


drink white or b. wine? album an a. 
vinum potas? Pl.: I will make her as 
G 


BLAME 


ee 
black as a coal, reddam tam atram quam 
carbo est, Ter.: a b. cloud, a. nubes, 
Cic.: a b. (gloomy) colour, color a., Ov, 
2. niger, gra, grum (prop. a glossy 
b.): to say what things are white, what 
b., quae alba sint, quae n. dicere, Cic, - 
although he was b. (or swarthy), you 
Jair, quamvis ille n., quamvis tu can- 
didus esses, Virg.: volumes of b. smoke, 
nh. volumina fumi, Oy.: b. blood, n. 
sanguis, Ov.: the sky was blacker than 
pitch, coelum pice nigrius fuit, OV 
nigrans, antis (chiefly poet.): b, wings, 
nigrantes alae, Ov. : Virg. Phr.: to be 
b., nigrare, Lucr.: to become b., nigres- 
cere, Ov.. Plin.. v. DARK, DIRTY. Il. 
Dismal, calamitous : 1, ater: a b. 
day, dies a., Virg.: b. death, a. mors, 
Hor. Q, niger: ab. day, n. sol, Hor. 
Ov, Ill. Horrible, atrocious : q. Vv. 
—— and blue: v. uvm: Ph Tr. : 
@ b. and blue spot or mark, livor. ‘Lib. : 
to make b. and blue, variare : PE 
black (subs.): |. The colour: 
nigrum: the colour is changed from b. 
to white, e nigro color est mutatus in 
album, Ov. J, Black dress: Phr.: pray 
who ever dined in b.? cedo quis unquam 
Coenarit atratus? Cic.: lictors cluthed in 
b., lictores atri, Hor.: vy. MOURNING. 
II]. A black man: Aethiops, dpis: 
let the white man laugh at the b., deri- 
deat Aethiopem albus, Juv. 
black-art, the: 1. magica ars 
irg. 2. magia: Apul. 
black-ball (v.): *nigro calculo s. la- 
pillo rejicére, repellére. 
black-berry: 1, morum: Ov.; 
Plin. 2, rubus (prop. the plant) 
Prop. 


black-berry bush: ribus: Caes.. 

Or.: V. BRAMBLE, 

black-bird : mériila: Cic.: Hor. 

black-cap (bird). sylvia atricapilla; 
Latham. 2, mélancoryphos: Plin, 

black-cattle: v. oxen. 

black-cock: 1, tétrao, dnis, m.- 





lin.: Suet. : (t. tetrix, Liun.). Bp: 
*lyrurus tetrix: Swainson. 
blacken: |, 7o make b.: 1 


nigro, 1: to b. one’s arms by beating, 
planctu lacertos n,, Stat. 2. dénigro, 
I (intens.): to b. the hair, capillum d., 
Plin. (More usu. expr. by nigrum, 
auvum facere, reddere: y. To MAKE.) 

Il]. To darken: q. v. Ill. To sully: 
dénigro, 1: to b. any one’s honour and 
reputation, alicujus honorem famamque 
d., Firmic.: v. to SULLY, CALUMNIATE, 

blackguard: nébulo, onis: Cic. : 
Hor.: Vv. RAKE. 

blacking: atramentum: Cic. 
blackish: 1, subniger, gra, grum 
Pl.: Cels, 2, fuscus, subluscus: v. 
DARK, DARKISH, 
pPlack-lead : plumbago, inis, /. : 

in. 


blackness: 1, nigritia or nigri- 
ties: Plin.- Cels. 2. nigror: Luer.: 
Cels. 3, nigritido: Plin. 4, atri- 
tas: Pl. 

black-smith: 1, ferrarius faber: 
Pl. 2. ferrarius: Firmic, 

black-thorn: priinus silvestris, f.: 
Col.; Plin, 2, spinus, i, /.: Virg.: 
Pall. 

bladder: vésica (the urinary or 
any other b.): Cic.: Cels.: Hor, A small 
6., vésicila: Lucr.: v. VESICLE. 

bladder - nut: staphylodendron : 
Plin. 


blade: I. The young shoot of a 
plant: herba: the crops die in the early 
6., primis segetes moriuntur in herbis, 
Ove 7 Cie: Il. The cutting part of a 
knife, etc.: lamina: th. b, o/ a saw, }. 





serrae, Virg.; v. also sworb. Ill. 
The flat part of an oar: 1, palma; 
Cat.. Vitr. 2, palmila. Virg. 


blade-bone; v. SHOULDER-BLADE, 

blame (v.): 1, répréhendo, di, 
sum, 3: he b.s the rusiness of the sol- 
diers, temeritatem militun reprehendit, 
Caes.: you b. that in me which was 
praised in Metellus, tu id in me r, quod 
Metello laudi datum est, Cic.: to b, 
others, alios r., Cic. 2. acctiso, 1: 
| for what do you b. the man? hominem 

Sr 


BLAME 





quid accusas? Cic.: v. TO FIND FAULT, 
AOCUSE. 3. inciso, 1 (=accuso: v. 
TO ACCUSE): he b.d them severely, vehe- 
menter eos incusavit, Caes.: to b. an 
action, factum in., Ov. 4, coudemno 
<prop. to condemn) : to b. any one for 
sloth, aliquem inertiae c., Cic. 5. 
culpo, I (mot in Cic.): he is praised by 
some, b.d by others, \audatur ab his, cul- 
patur ab illis, Hor.: Varr. Suet. 6. 
imprébo, 1. v. TO DISAPPROVE. 75 
vitipéro, I: v. TO FIND FAULT WITH. 
8. -perstringo, nxi, ctum, 3: v. TO 

CENSURE. 

blame, blaming (subs.) : I. 
Censure: 1, culpa: (prop. the fault ; 
but in certain connexions, the blame of 
it). fortune bears the b. of all these 
evils, horum malorum omnium c. for- 
tuna sustinet, Cic.: I have avoided b., 
not deserved praise, vitavi c., laudem 
non merui, Hor. v.inf. (LI.). Q. re- 
préhensio: the b. of-a fault, culpae r., 
Cic. : things deserving of no b., nulla r. 
digna, Suet. 3, vittipératio : (stronger 
than the preceding): to avoid b., v. 
vitare, Cic.: v, REPROOF. 4. inci- 
satio (denoting an emphatic upbraid- 
mg): Cic. 5, improbatio. v. DISAP- 
PROVAL. I]. The fault itself: il. 
culpa: they laid the b. thereof on the 
multitude, ejus reic. in multitudinem 
contulerunt, Caes.: fo lay the b. on 
anothers shoulders, c. in aliquem trans- 
ferre, Cic.: Hor. 2. noxia: to be 
free from b., esse extra n., Ter.; 1oxia 
carere, Pl.: v FAULT. 

blameable: 1, culpabilis, e (not 
in Cic.): Apul.: Arnob. 2. vittipé- 
rabilis, e (rare): what is in its own na- 
ture b., that, I think, is called a vice, 
quod v. est per seipsum, id vitium no- 
minatum puto, Cic. 3. Expr. by 
ger. of verbs for to blame (q.v.): as, if 
those who were panic-stricken were b., 
still more worthy of censure are those 
who pretended fear, si accusandi sunt 
ii qui pertimuerunt, magis etiam repre- 
hendendi qui se timere simulaveruut, 
Cic. 

blameably: 1. culpabiliter (rare): 
Symm. (I'he compar. culpabilius oc- 
curs in Paul. Nol.). 2. More usu. 
expr. by phr.: as, to act most b, res 
magna reprehensione dignas facere: v. 
BLAME. 

blameless: |. Not blameable with 
respect to any particular act: culpa 
liber; reprehensione haud s. minime 
dignus, etc.: v. FREE FROM, UNDESERV- 
ING OF (blame). I]. Of general cha- 


racter : spotless, unblemished.  ], sauc- 
tus: men most frugal and b., homines 
frugalissimi, sanctissimi, Cic.: a most 


6. philosophy (the stoic), sanctissima 
disciplina, Gell. v. MORAL, 
2. innodcens, ntis: a good man and 
a b. one, vir bonus et i., Cic.: v. INNO- 
CENT. 3. intéger, gra, grum (i.e. 
incorruptible). b. men, homines in., 
Jic.: a most b. life, integerrima vita, 
Cic.: Hor. 4, irrépréhensus your 
6. uprightness, tua probitas ir., Ov.: v. 
INNOCENT, IRREPROACHABLE. 
blamelessly: —_1. sancté: to go- 
vern (a province) b., (provinciam) s. 


obtinere, Cic.: Quint.. v. RELIGIOUSLY. 

2. integré: Cic.: Suet. 8. in- 
nécenter Quint. : Tac. : v. IRREPROACH- 
ABLY. 


blamelessness : 1. innécentia: 


ic.: Liv. 9, integritas- v. up- 
RIGHTNESS. 

blamer: ]. repréhensor: Cic. : 
Ov. 2. vitipérator: envious b.s, 


invidi v., Cic. 3. Or expressed by 
verb: v. TO BLAME. 

blanch: v. TO WHITEN. Vhr.: to 
6. almonds, amygdalas decoriare, Pall. 


bland: blandus: v. MILD, AFFABLE, | 


GENTLE. as 
biandishment : 1. blanditia : 
eCic? blandimentum : Pl. : 


Cic. 3. léndcinium (esp. in pl.): v. 
FASCINATIONS. 
blank (adj.): 
written on: ib 
ehartae p., Ulp. 
82 


|. Not filled or 
purus: 6. papers, 


UPRIGHT. | 








| b.ing, flagrabant ignes, Ov. : 


| Italia, Cic. 





2. vacius (Kr. and | 


BLAZON 
Georg.). |]. Pale, confounded, dis- 
mayed: q.v. Phr.: me b. horror 


seized, me Niridins occupat horror, Ov. ; 
obstupui, Virg.: v. AGHAST. 1. 
Of heroic verse; without rhymes : *ver- 
sus heroicus purus; versus non as- 
sonantes. IV. Phr.: ab. cartridge, 
*embolus sine glande s. globulo. 

blank (subs.) : |. An unoccupied 
Space: inane, is, n.: Lucr.: Cic P hr.- 
there isa b. in the letter, *est in epis- 
tola lacuna; desunt in epistola quae- 
dam - his mind was a b., animus ejus 
omni cognitione vacuus erat. Il. 4 
ticket which draws no prize: *sorscassa 


S. inanis. 

blanket: 1, lodix, icis, f.: Juv.: 
Mart. 2. loddictila (a small b.): 
8. stragiila vestis : Cic.: Hor. 


Tert.. 


Suet. 
blaspheme:;: blasphémo, 1: 
Vv. TO REVILE. 
blasphemer: blasphémus: Tert. 
blasphemous: blasphemus . Prud. 
blasphemously: mostly in phr. to 
Speak b. of : V. TO BLASPHEME. 
blasphemy : 1. blasphémitio - 
Tert. 2. blasphemia : Hier. 
blast (subs.) - |. A gust of wind : 
1, flamen, inis, n.: a b. of wind, 
venti f., Lucr.: Virg. 2. flabra, 
orum (poet.): b.s of winds, f. ventor- 
um, Lucr.: the b.s of Boreas, f. Boreae, 
Prop.: v.GUST,GALE. J, The sound 
of a wind instrument : 1, flamen: 
the bs of the flute, flamina tibiae, 
Hor. 2. (more ery flatus, us: to 
Jill the theatre with its b. (of the tibia), 
‘complere sedilia flatu, Hor. 3, in- 
flatus, is (lit. a blowing tmto): at the 
first b. of the flute-player, primo in. tibi- 
cinis, Cic. 4. buccinum (ofa trum- 
pet): Plin. Wl. Any pernicious in- 
jiuence : afflatus, ts (either of gon or of 
evil): they were scorched by the b. of the 
hot air, ambusti sunt afflatu vaporis, 


Liv.: the serpent’s b., serpentis af., Stat. : 
V. BLIGHT. 
blast (v.): |. Zo cause to wither: 


Vv. TO BLIGHT. Phr.: 
ning, de coelo tactus, 


b/d with light- 
Liv. ; e coelo 


ictus, Cic. Il. 70 vuin, cause to fail: 
Vv. TO OVERTHROW, FRUSTRATE, ete. 
Phr.: to b. one's hope, spem frustrari, 


Suet. (or perh. spem extinguere: v. TO 
EXTINGUISH): to b. a design, consilium 
turbare, Tac.- to b. a person's reputa- 
tion in a libellous poem, aliquem pro- 
broso carmine diffamare, Tac. 

blasting (subs.): Phr.: tu remove 
rocks by b., *rupes suppusito pulvere 
nitrato disjicere. 


blaze (swbs.): v. FLAME, FIRE. 
blaze (v.): A, Intrans: 1, 
ardeo, arsi, arsum, 2: the woods and 


ciao b, silvae cum montibus a, 
=i Oic; 2. ardesco, 3 (begin to b.): 
oe waves begin to b, with the fires, ar- 


descunt ignibus undae, Ov.: v. FIRE, To 
TAKE. 3: exardesco, 3: V. FIRE, TO 
TAKE. Fig.: the violence of Turnus 


b.d forth, exarsit violentia Turni, Virg. : 
a sedition b.d forth, seditio exarsit, 
Tac. 4. flagro, 1: the fives were 
b.ing mer- 
flagrantes onerariae, Cic. 
Italy is b.ing with war, bello f. 
5, conflagro, 1 (of many 
things burning together): they perceived 
that the baggage as b.ing, impedimenta 
conflagrare intelligebant, Caes. : the fleet 
was b.ing, classis conflagrabat, Cic.: v. 
TO BURN (intrans.). B. Trans.: to 
blaze abroad: vulgo, palam facio: v. To 
PUBLISH. 

blazon (v.): |. In heraldry ~ *in- 
signia gentilicia scite describere, or pro- 
priis coloribus depingere (Ains.). Il. 
To adorn, deck: q. Vv. WW. Zo make 
public: vendito, 1: he very craftily b.'d 
abroad all the decrees, omnia decreta 


chant-ships, 
Fig.: 


callidissime venditabat, Cic.: Liv.: v. 
TO CRY UP, RECOMMEND, PUBLISH. 
blazon, blazonry (subs.): |, A 


coat of arms: *insignia gentilicia in 
scuto descripta (Ains.). I]. Publica- 
tion: venditaiio: everything is done 
without b. and without the presence of 
the public, omnia sine v. et sine populo 


ELESS 
teste fiunt, Cic. : Dis- 
PLAY. 

bleach: candidum facio or efficio, 3 : 
Phr.. exposure to the sun b.s, insolatio 
candorem facit (cf. Plin. 21, 49). 

bleacher: qui vestes candidas facit: 
v. TO BLEACH. 

bleaching (swvbs.): insolatio: Plin. 
(who applies the word to the exposure 
of waz to the sun). 

bleaching-ground: *locus ubi fit 
insolatio. oF 

bleak (adj.): 1, algidus (frigi- 
dus) atque ventosus: Vv. COLD, CHILLY ; 
WINDY. 2. immitis, e: b. and desert 
places, im. et deserta loca, Plin.: b. 
winds, im. venti, Tib. 

bleak (suvbs.). alburnus: Auson. 

bleakness: Phr.: 6. of situation, 


Vv. NOTORIETY, 


’*loci situs frigidus atque ventis nimis 


expositus. 
blearedness : 1, lippitiido: Cic.: 
els. 2. oculorum fluxio: Plin. 
blear-eyed:; lippus: a 6. woman, |. 
mulier, Pl.: Hor. Phr.: to be 6b. 
lippio, 4° Cic : heat is beneficial to the 
b., calor adjuvat lippientes, Cels. 
bleat (v.): balo, 1- the sheep are 
not even bing, oves ne b. quidem, PL. : 
the b.ing flock, pecus balans, Juv. a 
jock of b.ing creatures (i. e. sheep), ba- 
lantum grex, Virg. 
bleat, bleating (subs. : balatus, 
us: to keep up @ 6., balatum exercere, 
Virg.: Ov. 
bleed: A, Intrans.: Phr.: his 
nose b.s, sanguis ei ex naribus fluit, 
Cels.: the wound b.s copiously, profusio 
sanguinis ex vulnere fit, Cels. the nose 
will b. (vvlently), sanguis per nares 
erumpet, Cels. : he bled to death, *effuso 
per vulnera sanguine mortuus est. 
Fig. these things make the heart b., 
hae res magnum et acerbum dolorem 
commovent, Cic.: my heart b.s, animus 
mihi dolet, Pl, B. Trans.: san- 
guinem mitto, misi, missum, 3 (with 
dat. of person). it is nothing new to b. 
young persons by opening a vein, san- 
guinem incisa vena, junioribus mitti, 
novum non est, Cels.- if the woman 
is not strong, it is wrong to bleed her, si 
mulier parum valet, male sanguis mit- 
titur, Cels.: to b. from the arm, ex bra- 
chio sanguinem m., Cels. Fig: to b. 
a province (i. e. to exhaust it of wealth), 
sanguinem provinciae m., Cie. Phr.; 
the man is not strong enough to be b., 
homo detractionem sanguinis sustinere 
non potest, Cels.: ¥. BLOOD. 
bleeding (subs.): |, A letting of 
blood if sanguinis detractio, Cels. 
2. sanguinis missio, Cels. ll. 4 
flowing of blood: Phr.: ab. from the 
nose, sanguinis e naribus fluxio, Plin. ; 
narium profiuvium, Plin.: to stop a b., 
sanguinem sistere, Plin.; sanguinem 
supprimere, Cels.. an excessive b., san~ 
gninis profusio, Cels. 
ee eek criidus : b. wounds, 
vulnera ¢, Plin. - V. RAW, FRESH. 
blemish (subs.): J, Physica . 
vitium: v. FLAW. Q. labes, 
is, f.: a victim free from b., victima 
labe carens, Ov.- 6. of person, corporis 
L, Suet. 3. menda. there was no- 
where a b. in her whole body, in toto 
nusquam corpore m. fuit, Ov. 4. 
mendum. seldom is a Jace without a 
b., raro mendo facies caret, Ov.: Cie: 
V. STAIN, DEFECT. ll. Moral: ma- 
ciila. Pl. there is a certain stain and 
b. of this age, mz to envy excellence, est 
hujus seculi labes quaedam et m., vir- 
tuti invidere, Cic.: Vv. STAIN, DISGRACE, 
FAULT. 
blemish (v.): miaciilo, 1; macilis 
aspergo, 3: Vv. TO STAIN, DEFILE. 
blend: immisceo, commisceo: v. To 
MINGLE. Phr.: two peoples b.'d in one, 
duo populi confusi in unum, Liv. 
bless: |. To pronounce a bless- 
ing on : to declare blessed : bénédico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (prop. with dat., but in later 
and Christian authors often with ace.): 
to b. God, Deum b., Tert.: Isaac was 
preparing to b. his son Fsau, Isaac 
Esau filium b, parabat, Sulp. Sev, 


BLESSED 


BLOCKHEAD 


affliction, miserum caecitas, Cic. 


BLOUD-STAINED 


SN ———E————E— EE es 
I], 70 prosper, make successful: 


1, sécundo, 1: may the gods b. our 
ise, di nostra incepta secundent! 
Virg. 9. fortiino, 1: the gods will 
b. your plans, di fortunabunt vostra 
consilia, PL: Cic. Phr.: God b. 
youl Di te ament! Pl.: O gods, b. my 
undertaking, Ti coeptis aspirate meis, 
Ov.: God b. your endeavours, faveant 
superi conatibus tuis, Erasm. lll. Zo 
consecrate: bénédico, 3 (usu. with ace.) : 
God rested on the seventh day and b.d 
it, Deus requievit die septimo eumque 
benedixit, Lact.: to b.an altar, altarium 
b., Sulp. Sey. v. TOcoNsEcRATE. |Y, 
To glorify, extol: q.v.* bénédico, 3 
to b. God, Deum b., Apul.: Tert. f 
To favour, endow liberally, esp. in p. 
part., blest: Vv. GIFTED, ENDOWED. 
Phr.: old age w usually b. with pru- 
dence, influence, senectus augeri svlet 
consilio, auctoritate, Cic. 
blessed: 1, béatus: the b. enjoy 
eternal life, beati aevo sempiterno fru- 
untur, Cic.: the islands of the b., beato- 
rum insulae, Cic.: a man of b. memory, 
vir b. memoriae, Hier. 2. pius (of 
the dead only): the abode of the b., 
piornm sedes, Cic.; arva piorum, Ov.. 
V. HAPPY, FORTUNATE, ; 
blessedness: 1, béiatitas: Cic. 
Q. béatitido: Cic. ; v. HAPPINESS. 
blessing: |. A benediction : bé- 
nédictio: / asked for his b., benedictio- 
nem flagitabam, Sulp. Sev. i]. What 
conduces to happiness: bénum: the 
chief b., summum b., Cic.. the b.s of 
peace, bona pacis, Tac.: v. ADVANTAGE, 
BENEFIT. 
blight (subs.): 1 robigo, inis, /. 
(i.e. mildew, canker): Hor. : Plin. Fi 
urédo, inis, f.: Cie. Plin. 3. lites, 
is, f. (a more general term than the pre- 
ceding): a lamentable b. came upon the 
trees and crops, miseranda venit arbor- 
ibusque satisque lues, Virg. 4, sidér- 
atio: Plin. 
blight (v.): aro, ussi, ustum, 3: the 
cold has b.’d them, ea frigus ussit, Plin 
Phr.. the trees have been b.d, uredo 
arboribus nocuit, Cic. 
blind (adj.): caecus : in most senses . 
(i). Lit.: b. puppies, catuli c., Cic.: as 
tf the b. would lead the b., ut si c. iter 
monstrare velit, Hor. (ii). destitute of 





discernment: not only is Fortune her- 
self b., but she generally makes her 
favourites b. too, non solum ipsa For- 
tuna c. est, sed eos etiam plerumque 
efficit c. quos complexa est, Cic.: b. to 
these tricks of war, c. ad has belli artes, 
Liv. (iii). heedless, wnconsiderate: b. 
fear, ¢. timor, Cic.: b. chance, caeca 
sors, Hor. Phr.: born b., caecigénus, 
Lucr.: b. of one eye, cocles, itis: Pl.- 
Plin.; luscus: Cic.: Juv.: to become b., 
lumina amittere, Cic.: to become quite 
b., aspectum omnino amittere, Cic. 

blind (v.): To deprive of sight : it 
caeco, 1: the sun b.s, sol c., Lucr. Fig. : 
they b.d the minds of the unskilful by 
lavish expenditure, largitione caecarunt 
mentes imperitorum, Cic. 2. ex- 
caeco, I (raré). Cic. 3. occaeco, 
1: to b. the eyes, oculos oc., Cels.: 
Plin. Fig.: 6.d by folly, stultitia 
occaecatus, Cic.: Liv.: v. TO DAZZLE, 
DARKEN. 

blind (subs.): A screen: 1. vélum 
fof cloth): V. AWNING. Q. tran- 
senna (a Venetian blind, or one made 
of moveable pieces of wood, etc.): Cic. 

3. clathri (cancelli) fenestrarum 

(like transenna). 

blinded: luminibus (oculis, Virg.) 
captus, Liv.: b. of one eye, altero oculo 
captus, Liv. 

blindfold (v.): oculos alicui obli- 
gare, Sen. 

blindfold, blindfolded: Phr.: 
the man being b. ran against me, homo 
obligatis oculis in me incurrit, Sen. 

blindly; témére: v. INCONSIDER- 
ATELY, THOUGHTLESSLY. 

blindman’s-huff ; *ludus in quo” 
alinuis oculis obligatis ceteros apprehen- 
dere sonatur. 

blindness: caecitas: b. is a great 


Fig.: 
mental b., animi c., Cic. 
blink: connivéo, nivi or nixi, 2° to 
b. with sleep, somno c., Tac.: to b, at 
thunder and lightning ad tonltrua et 
fulgura c., Suet.: v. TO WINK. 
bliss: beatitiido: v HAPPINESS, FE- 
LICITY. 
blissful: beatus: v. HAPPY, BLESSED. 
blister (subs.): |. A watery tu- 
mour : V. PUSTULF, TUMOUR. Il. A 
kind of plaster for raising blisters~ v6- 
sicatorium. M. L. 
blister (v.): A. Trans.: to raise 
blisters on the skin: 1, pustilo, 1 
(not of the medical treatment): Coel. 
Aur. - b,’d silver, argentum pustulatum, 
Suet. 
catdrium applicare: v. TO APPLY. B, 
Intrans.: 1, pustiilo, 1: Tert. 
Q. pustiilesco, 3: Coel. Aur. 
blithe, blithesome: hilaris and 
hilarus: v. CHEERFUL, GAY. 
blithely: hilaré. v. CHEERFULLY, 
GAILY. 
blitheness : 
FULNESS, GAIETY. 
bloat: v. TO SWELL. 
bloated (a4j.): sufflatus: a b. body, 
s. corpus, Varr.. v. FAT, SWOLLEN. 
block (subs.) : |. A heavy piece of 
wood : 1, stipes, itis, m.- Caes. : 
Tib. 9, lignum v. Log. Phr.: a 
butcher’s block, mensa lanionia, Suet. 
Claud. 15: a hat-b., *pilei forma: he 
was at last brought to the b., tandem se- 
curi percussus est, Cic.: v. TO BEHEAD. 
Il. 4 large mass of any heavy sub- 
stance: 1, massa: marble in the b., 
marmor in massa, Plin. 2. gleba. 
a b. of marble, marmoris g., Plin. [II 
The piece of woow in which a pulley 
MOVES : 1, rechamus: Vitr. D: 
trochlea- Lucr Vitre |. A block- 
head: q. v.: caudex, stipes: Ter. 
block up (v-). __ 1. obsepio, sepsi, 
septum, 4: the roads were b.d up, ob- 
septa sunt itinera, Liv. Fig.: to b. 
up the road to the curule offices, iter ad 
curules magistratus ob., Liv.: Cic. 2, 
obstriio, struxi, structum, 3: b.d up 
windowsg obstructae fenestrae, Varr. : 
tob, up a road, iter ob., Cic.: to b. up 
the gates, portas ob., Caes. 3. prae- 
striio, 3: (tob. up in front: less fre- 
quent): Ov. 4. oppléo, plévi, ple- 
tum, 2 (to fill or choke up): the snows 
had bd up everything, nives omnia 
oppleverant, Liv.: Cic.. v. also To 
BLOCKADE. 
blockade (svbs.): 1. obsidio. to 
take cities partly by storm, partly by b., 
partim vi, partim obsidione urbes cap- 
ere, Cic.: to maintain the b. of any- 
one, aliquem in obsidione habere, Caes. : 
to abandon a b., ob. omittere, Tac.: to 
raise (i. e. relieve) a b., Ob. solvere, 
Liv.: to undergo a b. for ten years, 
annis decem in obsidione teneri, Tac. 
2. obsessio: to abandon a b., ob- 
sessionem omittere, Caes.: Suet. (But 
obsessio is rather the act of blockading ; 
obsidio the blockade itself). 3, obsi- 
dium: Pl.: Tac.: v. SIEGE. 
blockade (v-): _—1._ obsidéo, sedi, 
sessum, 2. armed men b.d all the ap- 
proaches, omnes aditus armati obside- 
bant, Cic.: to b. a city, urbem ob., Liv. : 
Caes. 9. obsido, 3 (obsido refers to 
the taking up of the position; obsideo 
to the holding of it): to b. a bridge, 
pontem ob., Sall.. to 6. the gates, portas 
ob., Virg. 3. circumvallo, 1 (to sur- 
round with entrenchments): Pompey 
was b.d, circumvallatus est Pompeius, 
Cic. 4, claudo, clausi, clausum, 3: 
they b. Capua with siege-works, Capuam 
operibus claudunt, Liv.: Virg.- v. To 
BESIEGE. 
blockader: obsessor: in pl. obsid- 
entes: Liv.: Tac.: Vv. BESIEGER. 
blockhead : 1, caudex, icis, m. 
(prop. a trunk or block): Ter. 2. 
stipes, itis, m.: v. Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 4. 
3, truncus: how can there be wisdom 
in a b. of that kind? qui potest esse 
in ejusmodi trunco sapientia? Cic. See 
also ASS. 


hilaritas: v. CHEER- 


9. (to put on a blister): *vesi- | 


blood: ; 
sanguis, inis, m. (vital b.): the b. is 
| diffused through the veins to every part 
| of the body, s. per venas in omne corpus 
diffunditur, Cic.: to let 6., s. mittere, 
| Cic.: to staunch the b., s. supprimere, 
Cels.: meton. for life: he freely be- 
stowed his b. for his country, largitus 
| est patriae suum s., Cic.: he was thirst- 
ing for our b., sanguinem nostrum sitie- 
| bat, Cie. Fig.: he had drawn these 
| sums from the b. of the treasury, haec 
|de s. detraxerat aerarii, Cic. (s. mit- 
| tere, of ‘ bleeding,’ the treasury, Cic.): to 
shed the first b. ina var, bellum san- 
guine imbuere, Virg.: the b. of the 
| grape, 8. uvarum, Cassiod. ; Bacchaeus 
8., Stat.. v. JUICE. Prov.: to squeeze 
b. from a stone, aquam a pumice postu- 
lare, Pl, 9, criior (usu. b. shed; 
gore, q. V.): the freshest b. of an enemy, 
inimici recentissimus c., Cic.- the leech 
full of b., plena cruoris hirudo, Hor. 
Phr.: to stain a sword with b., gladium 


|. The vital fluid: 5 








cruentare, Cic. 8. saniés, f. (i.e. 
sanious matter, gore: q.v.): Cels.: 
Virg.: Tac. 4, caedes, is, f. (prop. 


slaughter, carnage): rivers mingled 
with b., permixta flumina caede, Cat. 
Liv.: Ov. I]. Kindred, lineage: 
1. sanguis. connected by b., san- 
guine conjuncti, Cic.: whether he cele- 
brates gods or Icings, the b. of gods, sive 
deos regesve canit, deorum sanguinem, 
Hor. 9, natira: you are his father 
by b., I by training, natura tu illi pater, 
consiliis ego, Ter.: Cic. 38. génus: 
Vv. RACE, FAMILY. II]. Bloodshed : 
q. Vv. IV. Temper of mind, state of 
the passions: Phr.: all men’s b, was 
up for revenge, omnium animi ad ulcis- 
cendum ardebant, Caes.: there was ul 
b. between this man and Curio, huic 
simultas cum Curione intercedebat, 
Caes.: all the prisoners were killed in 
cold b., *captivi omnes nibil resis- 
tentes (7) et amoto pugnae studio 
necati s. trucidati sunt: or simply tru- 
cidati sunt. (Not ‘consulto’ or ‘ tran- 
quillo animo,’ which some of the Diction- 
aries give.) \, In phr. ‘flesh and b.,’ 
i.e human nature. Phr.: fiesh and b. 
shall never drive me to fear, nunquam 
me caro ista ad metum compellet, Sen. : 
accursed flesh and b., scelerata pulpa, 
Pers.: flesh and b. can bear it no longer 
xhaec non sunt humanae patientiae. 
extra humanam patientiam sunt. 
blood (v.): v. TO BLEED. 
blood-guiltiness: v- MURDER. — 
blood-hound:; ‘canis qui fugitivos 
sanguine indagat or vestigat. 
bloodiness: V- CRUELTY. 
bloodless: |. Destitute of blood : 
exsanguis, e- the b. bodies of the dead, 
ex. corpora mortuorum, Cic.: the }. 
shades, ex. umbrae, Virg. Phr.~ to be 
b., sanguine carere, Cic.: V. PALE. ll. 
Not attended with bloodshed: incrien- 
tus: a far from b. battle, haud incru- 
entum proelium, Liv.: a 0. victory, 
in. victoria, Liv. : 
blood-letting : sanguinis detractio 
or missio: Cels.; Vv. TO BLEED. 
blood-red: 1. criientus: b. myr- 
tle-berries, c. myrta, Virg. Q. san- 
giiinéus: b. manes of horses, s. jubae, 
Virg.: b. juice, hue, s. succus, color, 
Plin. 3, sanguindlentus: a b. colour, 


s. color, Ov. 
bloodshed: _—i1s._ caedes, is, f.: v. 
SLAUGHTER. Q, cruor(meton.): hence 


comes b., hence slaughter, and nearer 
death, hinc c., hinc caedes, mors propior- 
que venit, Tib.: Hor.: v. SLAUGHTER. 

3, sanguis, inis, m.: that was the 
end of tie b., is finis sanguinis erat, Liv, 


Phr.: attended with b., cruentus, haud 
incruentus : V. BLOOD-STAINED, BLOOD+ 
LESS 


blood-shot: Phr.: the eyes are b., 
/cruore suffunduntur oculi, Plin.- 5. 
| eyes, sanguis oculis suffusus, Plin. (cf. 
| Virg. A. 2, 210, ‘ oculos suffecti sanguine 
et igni.’) 
| blood-stained: | 1. critentus. b. 

with the blood of citizens, c. sanguine 
civium, Cic.: a b. carriage, c. vehicu- 
' 83 


BLOOD-STONE 


BLOW 





lum, Liv.: b. peace, c. pax, Tac. 0), 
crientatus: b. men, viri c., Ov.: v. 
BLOODY. 3. sanguinolentus: the b. 
Allia, s. Allia, Ov.: b. seditions, sedi- 
tiones s., Warr. (/7.). 

blood-stone: haematites, ae, m.- 
Cels.: Plin. 

blood-sucker: sanguistiga, hirido: 
V. LEECH. 

blood-thirstily ; criienté. Sen.: 
Justin. 

blood-thirsty: 1. sanguinarius. 
cruel and b. by nature, saevus et 5. Ta- 
tura, Suet.: Cic.; v. SANGUINARY. 2, 
crientus: b. Mars, c. Mars, Hor.: 6. 
anger, c. ira, Hor.: Vv. SANGUINARY, 

3, sanguindlentus (prop. laden or 

stained with blood): b. Erinnys, s. 
Erinnys, Ov. 4, sanguineus (rare): 
Ov.: Sil. 

blood-vessel; vena: Cic.:; Cels. : 
V. VEIN, ARTERY. 

blood-wort : 


els, 

bloody, of blood: ]. Stained 
with blood: 1, sanguinéus: 6. hands, 
8. manus, Qv.. b. rain, i.e. of blood, s. 
imber, Cic. 9, sanguindlentus. 6. 
breasts, s. pectora,Ov.: Tib. ||, Blood- 
thirsty: g.v. |||, Attended with blood- 
shed.: 1, criientus: that day most b. 
to the Roman name, ille cruentissimus 
Romano nomini dies, Vell.: v. BLOOD- 
STAINED, GORY. 2, sanguineus: a 
b. spear, s. hasta, Stat.. Ov. 3. san- 
guindlentys: a b. victory, s. palma, 
Auct. Her. 

bloody-minded : YV. BLOODTHIRSTY. 

bloom (subs.): |. Blossom : q. v. 

|j. Vhe kind of dew which covers 
certain fruits (?) flos, floris, m., quasi 
ros (quidam) subtilis baccis quibusdam 
inhaerens. Phr.: to take the b. off 
anything, délibo, 1: to take off the b. 
of a maiden’s innocence even by a look, 
de virginitatis integritate d., Flor. . Cic. 
Ill. 4 period of health and vigour, 

flds: the b. of life, f. aetatis, Lucr.: @ 
girl in her freshest b., viridissimo f. 
puella, Cat.: the young man died in his 
first _b., in f. primo juvenis extinctus 
est, Plin. Phr.: the rosy b. of youth, 
lumen juventae purpureum, Virg. 

bloom (v.): 1, fldréo, 2° this tree 
b.s thrice, haec arbor ter f., Cic.: Virg. 
Hor. 9. floresco, 3 (to begin to b.): 
shrubs begin to b. ata fixed period, f. 
tempore certo arbusta, Lucr.: Cic. (For 
the fig. signification, v. Tv FLOURISH.) 

blooming: 1, florens, entis. the 
b. cytisus, f. cytisus, Virg.: thresholds 
b. with garlands, f. limina sertis, Virg. ° 
b. fields, f. arva, Ov. 2. floridus: 
b. meadows, f. prata, Lucr.: a b. little 
girl,f. puellula, Cat. 3, nitens, entis : 
b. crops, n. culta, Virg.: a b. wife, uxor 
n., Cat. 4, nitidus: very b. plains, 
campi nitidissimi, Cic.: you will see me 
fat and b., me pinguem et n. vises, 
Hor.: Vv. FLOURISHING. 

bloomingly : floride: Apul.: Lact. 

blossom (subs.): 1, flos, floris, 
m.: to pluck fresh b.s, novos decerpere 
f., Luer.: rose b.s, flores rosae, Hor. : 
the thistle produces a purple b., carduus 
f. purpureum mittit, Plin. 9. flos- 
clilus (oftener fig.: v. FLOWER): Cic. 
Phr.: when the bean has shed its b.s 
it requires little water, cum faba de- 
floruit exiguas aquas desiderat, Plin. 
Fig.: you knew him when already 
shedding his b.s (i. e. losing his mental 
energy), eum jam deflorescentem cog- 
novisti, Cic. 

blossom (v.): floréo, 2: Cic.: Virg. : 
Hor.: v. TO BILOOM, FLOURISH. 

blot (v-.)- |. 70 spot or bedaub 
with ink, etc. Phr.: to b. paper, 
*chartam atramento aspergere. Il. 
To blot out. i. e. to obliterate, ne 
déléo, lévi, letum, 2: I have almost b/d 
out the letter with my tears, epistolam 
lacrimis prope delevi, Cic. Fig.: fo 
b, out the disgrace of flight by (subse- 
quent) bravery, turpitudinem fugae vir- 
tute d., Caes. 9, exstinguo, xi, ctum, 
3: to b. out utterly what he had pre- 


sanguinalis herba : 


viously written, quae antea scripserat | 


84 








plane ex., Cic. to b. out the name of 
the Roman people, nomen P. hk. ex., 
Cic.. to b. out the public record (ot a 
deed), memoriam publicam ex., Cic.: v. 
TO ERASE, OBLITERATh. 

blot (subs.) : |. 4A blot or stain on 
paper, etc.* 1, labes, is, f.. ink 
when touched leaves a mark and b., 
tractata notam labemque remittunt 
atramenta, Hor.: v.STAIN. 9. litira 
(prop. an erasure, q.v.): this b. will 
have been made by my tears, haec erit 
e lacrimis facta litura meis, Prop.; Ov.. 
vy. spot. Phr.: a page covered with 
b.s, *pagina atramento commaculata. 

ll, Fig.: maciila, labes: v.sTIGMA, 

DISGRACE, BLEMISH. 

blotch: varus, Cels.. Plin. 

blotting books: liturarii, oruam;: 
Auson. 
pplotting paper; bibila charta: 

lin 


blow (subs.) : |, 4 stroke: rf 
plaga. to endure b.s, plagas pati, Ter. ; 
p. perferre, Cic : the sound of b.s, crep- 
itus plagarum, Cic.: to inflict a mor- 
tal blow, p. mortiferam infligere, Cic. 
9, ictus, is: esp. of a blow which 
penetrates and wounds: V. STROKE. 
8, colaphus (@ b. with the fist): 
Pl.: J will give you a b., colaphum tibi 
ducam, Quint. 4, alapa (a /flat- 
handed blow: so called from the noise 
produced): v. sLap. Phr.: to aim a 
b. at any one with a javelin, aliquem 
spiculo petere, Liv.; he aims a b. at his 
breast with a sword, pectora gladio 
petit, Ov. [|]. 4x act of hostility: 
plaga. a b. from a friend is more bear- 
able than one from a debtor, levior est 
p. ab amico quam a debitore, Cic. 
Phr.: the matter has come to b.s and 
Jighting, res venit ad manus et ad pug- 
nam, Cic. II]. Asudden event or act 
involving loss or evil: 1, plaga: @ 
b. was given to your candidateship, p. 
est injecta petitioni tuae, Cic.: to give a 
death-b. to the constitution, plagam mor- 
tiferam rei publicae imponere, Cic. 
Phr.; to deal a heavier blow on the 
state, graviorem rei publicae infligere 
securim, Cic. Q. ictus, is. the b. of 
a new calamity, ic. novae calamitatis, 


Cic.: v. STROKE. 3. vulnus: v. 
WOUND. 
blow (v-.): 


A. Intrans.-: I. 
to make a current of air: i fosre 
the wind blew favourably for us from 
Epirus, belle nobis flavit ab Epiro ven- 
tus, Cic.: Caes. 2. perflo, 1 (0b. 
through or over): the winds b. through 
the clouds, venti nubila p., Lucr.: the 
winds b. over the earth, venti terras p., 
Virg. 8, reflo, 1 (b. back or against): 
the Etesian winds b. greatly against us 
(i. e. are directly contrary), Etesiae 
valde reflant, Cic. 4. spiro, I (poet. : 
Vv. TO BREATHE) ~ the east wind beyan to 
b. more strongly, coepit sp. valentius 
Eurus, Ov.: Plin 5, aspiro, 1: to- 
wards night the breezes b., asp. aurae in 
noctem, Virg. 6, inspiro, 1 (b. upon 
or into). the breezes b. upon the boughs 
of the trees, in. ramis arborum aurae, 
Quint.: to b. into an ortfice, foramen 
ins., Plin. |]. To sound (of instru- 
ments): cano, cécini, cantum, 3: the 
trumpets blew, cecinere tubae, Prup.: v. 


TO SOUND. Ill. Zo pant: anhélo, 1: 
v. TO PANT. IV. Yo blossom: q. v.: 
floreo. B. Trans.: |. To drive 


by a current of air: 1, flo, 1: dust 
blown by the wind, pulvis vento flatus, 
Auct. B. Afr. 9, afflo, 1 (to b. 
upon) to b. a warm vapour upon the 
limbs, calidum membris af. vaporem, 
Lucr.: Plin. 8. efflo, 1 (6. out): 
whales b. out showers aloft, balaenae 
nimbos in sublime ef., Plin.:; Ov. Phr.: 
others b. the bellows, alii follibus auras 
accipiunt redduntque, Virg.- to b. a 
Jire, ignem conflare, Pl.; ignem sufflare, 
Plin.: by bing a spark of fire they 
made it burn up, scintillam ignis flando 
accenderunt, Liv.: to b. out a light, 
*lumen flatu exstinguere: to 6. up 
fortifications, moenia pulvere nitrato 
destruere (cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 326). to b. 


Jin. 


BLUNDER 





the nose, €mungo, munxi, munctum, 3: 
with pron. reflect. or as reflect. v.: 
Auct. Her.: Juv. N.B.—In many cases 
this verb when employed in connexion 
with such words as “ wind,’ **storm,” 
etc., may be translated by the Latin 
verbs for ‘‘ to drive,” “ throw,” etc.: the 
wind has blown off the roof of the farm- 
house, detexit ventus villam, Pl.- the 
wind has blown all the tiles from the 
roof, ventus omnes de tecto deturbavit 
tegulas, Pl.: the wind had blown me 
back to Italy, ventus me retulerat in 
Italiam, Cic.: to be blown back by ad- 
verse. winds, ventis reflantibus rejici, 
Cic.: the ships were blown back by a 
storm, Daves tempestate Tejectae sunt, 
Caes. I]. Zo sound @ wind instru- 
ment: 1, inflo, 1 (¢o b. into): to b. 
into the light reeds, calamos leves in- 
flare, Virg.: Cic. 2, flo, 1 (poet.): 
the flute is blown, tibia flatur, Ov.: v. 
TO SOUND, PLAY UPON. Ill. 70 shape 
glass: Phr.: glass tis blown, flatu 
figuratur vitrum, Plin. 

blower; flator: Fest. 

blowing (svbs.): flatus, tis: the b. 
of a flute, f. tibiae, Hor, (or expr. by 
verb: v.TO BLOW). Phr.: @ b. of the 
nose, emunctio, Quint. 


blow-pipe: 1, physéter. éris, m. : 
ne . *tibus ferrumentorius - 


blubber (svs.): *adeps balaenarum 
aliorunique animalium marinorum. 
blubber (v.). Vv. TO WEEP. 
bludgeon; fustis, is, m.: Cic.: Hor. ; 
Vv. CLUB. 
blue (adj.): 1, caeriiléus, and 
(poet.) caertilus (dark or sky-b.): a 6. 
colour, c. color, Caes.: the b. sea, © 
pontus, Cat.. the dark b. Tiber, c. Ti- 
bris, Virg.: a b. dress, c. vestis, Juv. 
b. eyes (of the Germans), ¢. oculi, Tac 
2. subcaeriileus (pale b.): Cels 
8, cyanéus (dark blue): Plin.: v 
VIOLET, PURPLE, 
blue (subs.) « 1, caeriiléus color: 
Caes. 2. caeriileum (concrete: the 
artist’s material). Plin.: Vv. INDIGO. 
blue-bird: * motacilla sialis: Linn. 
blue-bottle (flower): cyanus: Plin. 
blue-eyed: caeriileus (comp. BLUE) 
b. Britons, c. Britanni, Mart.: Hor. 
(More prosaically, caeruleos oculos ha- 
bens; or with abl, of descriptiun, caeru- 
leis oculis.) 
bluff (adj): v. ROUGH, UNCOUTH ; 
STEFP. ; 
bluish: 1, lividus: b. bunches 
of grapes, 1. racemi, Hor.: Virg. a 
livens, entis (prop. black and blues 
4. v.): b. lead, 1. plumbum, Virg.: 
Ve 
bluish-grey: 1, caesius: b.-grey 
eyes, c. oculi, Cic. Q, glaucus: b.-grey 
waves, g. undae, Lucr.: b.-grey eyes, g. 
oculi, Plin.- v. GREY. 
blunder (v.). |, Zomistake grossly : 
1 offendo, di, sum, 3° im conduct- 
ing causes very many things are to be 
considered lest you 6. in any respect, 
permulta sunt in causis circumspicienda 
ne quid offendas, Cic. 2. labor, lap- 
sus, 3: to b. over a word, in verbo l., 
Ov.: tob and fail over a thing, in ali- 
qua re 1, et cadere, Cic.: Vv. TO ERK. 
3. pecco, I YV. BLUNDER (subs.), 
4, erro, 1: V. TO ERR, MISTAKE. 
|]. Zo blunder on, i.e. to hit upon 
accidentally: Phr.: im speaking we 
often b. upon verses, Versus in oratione 
saepe per imprudentiam dicimus, Cic.- 
the old man has b.d upon a correct de- 
scription of their doings, probe horum 
facta imprudens depinxit senex, Ter.: 
he b.s now and then upon the truth, *in 
veritatem nonnunquam temere incurrit 
(based on Cic.). 
blunder (swbs.): 1, mendum 
(chiefly in writing): what b. did that 
erasure correct? quod m. ista litura 
correxit? Cic.: the b.s of copyists, 
menda librariorum, Cic.: the Ides of 
March involve a great b., Idus Martiae 
magnum m. continent, Cle. Ph=: @ 
history fuller of bs, historia mendo- 
sior, Cic. 2. menda (less frequent) - 





we 


BLUNDERBUSS 








Suet.: Gell.: v. BLEMISH. 3, pecca- 
tum: if any b. of an orator is observed, 
it seems to be ab. arising from stupidity, 
oratoris p. si quod est animadversum, 
Stultitiae p. videtur, Cic.: Vv. ERROR, 
4, sdloecismus (a b. in language) : 
Auct. ad Her Phr.: to make, bs: 
j. pecco, 1: Xenophon in fewer 
words commits nearly the same b.s, 
Xenophon paucioribus verbis eadem 
fere peccat, Cic.: they commit a double 
b., dupliciter peccant, Quint. Q. la- 
bor, offendo, etc. v TU BLUNDER: Vv. 
FAULT, MISTAKE. 
blunderbuss: * sclopétum latius et 
brevius: v. GUN. 
blunderer : 1, homo ineptus: 
ic.: Hor 2. qui peccat, errat, etc. 
blundering (a@j.): mendodsus: a 
b. slave, servus m., Cic. 
blunderingly: inepté: to talk b., 
in. dicere, Cic. 
blunt (@4).)- |. Lit.: not sharp: 
1, hébes, étis: Pl.: b. swords, h. 
gladii, Ov. Pbhr.: ts the sword b. 
now ? ferrum nunc hebet? Liv.: to be- 
come b., hébesco, hébétesco, 3: to be b., 
hebeo, 2: the edge in razors becomes b., 
acies in cultris tonsorum hebetescunt, 
Plin. 2, obtiisus- a b. ploughshare, 
ob. vomer, Virg.: a 6. dagger, ob. pu- 
gio, Tac. 
ferrum r., Hor. a b. aze, r. securis, 
Pl.: b. weapons, r. tela, Ov.- v. DULL. 
W]. Abrupt, unceremonious : no 
single word. Phr.: a b. remark, *(ali- 
quid) liberius et quasi rusticius s. hor- 
ridius dictum: there was a b. honesty 
about the man, *libera quadam et paene 
agresti simplicitate erat: we should be 
Frank not blunt, *decet liberum non 
inurbanum esse. V. FRANK, UNCERE- 
MONIOUS, RUDE. 
blunt (.): 1, hébéto, 1. to Bb.) 
the spears, hastas h., Liv. Fig.: sad- 
ness and care are b.’d by wine, vino | 


tristitia et cura hebetatur, Plin. Q, | 


rétundo, tiidi, tisum, 3° fo b. a sword, 
ferrum r., Cic.: the lime-tree b.s an axe 
very soon, citissime r. ascias tilia, Plin. 
Fig.: to b. the edge of the mind, mu- 
cronem ingeuiir., Quint. 3, obtundo, 
3: Lucr. Fig.. to b. the mind, men- | 
tem ob., Cic.: to b. grief, aegritudinem 
ob., Cic. 4, praestringo, strinxi, 
strictum, 3: the edge of the sword is b.d, 
acies ferri praestringitur, Plin. Fig. : 


bluntly : 


J. Lit.: hé- 
bétudo (rare): Macr. Phr.: the b. of 
the swords was a great hindrance to the 
soldiers, *magno militibus impedimento 
erat quod gladii retusi erant. I. 
Fig.- unceremonious frankness: Phr.. 
what um some is b. (of speech) in others 
as called licence, quae in aliis libertas 
est, in aliis licentia vocatur, Quint.: v. 
FRANKNESS. 

blur (subs.): v. SMEAR, BLOT. 

blur (v.): TO SMEAR, BLOT. 

blush (».)- 1. ériibesco, biti, 3 ¢to 
turn red, redden): the modest b. even to 
speak of modesty, erubescunt pudici 
etiam loqui de pudicitia, Cic.: to 6. for 
a man, viro er., Ov.: to b for one's 
brothers, fratres er., Prop. 2. riibéo, 
2 (to be ved): believe me I b., rubeo, 
mihi crede, Cic.: Hor.: a bing face, os 
rubens, Tib. 8, suffundo, fudi, fi- 
sum, 3: with some case of the subs. 
rubor: as, suffundere ore ruborem, 
Virg.: suffundi ora rubore, Ov.: so 
deeply did he b., adeo illi ex alto suffu- 
sus est rubor, Sen. Similarly, even the 
most excellent men will suddenly b., 
tubor gravissimis queque viris subitus 
offunditur,,Sen. (Absol. to make a per- 
son 0., suffunGere aliquem, Hier.) 
Phr.: nor did they b., nec fuit iis 
rubori, Ov.: Tac. (the latter has also 
the nom. “nec rabor inter comites ad- 
spici,” Ger. 13): to make any one b., 
ruborem alicui incutere, Liv.. inferre, 


8, rétisus: a b. sword, | 








BOAST 


imponere, Mart.: rubores alicui. elicere, 
Auct. Her 

blush (subs.): riibor: a b. follows 
shame, pudorem r. consequitur, Cic.: a 
modest b., verecundus r., Ov.: this ap- 
pellation may put you to the b., nomen 
hoc vobis ruborem incutere potest. Liv. 


Phr.: an wquiry dufficult at the first | 
| Calidius, jactat se jamdudum de Cali- 


b., dura prima fronte quaestio, Quint. 
Vv. TO BLUSH. 
blushing (a4.): ribens. v. 
RUDDY. 
blushingly: Phr.: he said b., qaum 
erubuisset, inquit, Cic. 
bluster (v.): |. To make a great 
noise, to swagger : 1, déclamo, 1: to 
b. against anyone, in aliquem d., Cic. 
2. declamito, 1: to 6. about any- 
thing, de aliqua re d., Cic.. v. TO RAGE, 
FUME. |, Zo roar, be boisterous: q. v. 
bluster (subs.) : J strépitus, ts: 
V. NOISE, DIN. Q, jaci_tio: v. BOAST- 
ING. 8. declamatio. Cic. Phr.: 
though you should bawl and make a 
great b., I too am a man, clames licet et 
mare coelo confundas, homo sum, Juy. 
V. NOISE, TURBULENCE 
blusterer: salico, Onis: Cic.: v. 
BOASTER, SWAGGERER. 
boa (a serpent). béa~ Plin. 
boar: ], verres, is: Varr.- Hor. 
Adj. verrinus: 6.’s fat, adeps v., Plin. 
2. sis, siiis (with some qualifying 
word, as mas, masculus). v. SWINE. 
3, sétiger, éri (poet.. lit. bristle- 
bearing): Ov.. Mart. 4. aper, apri 
(a wild b.); Cic. Ov. Adj. aprugnus : 
as, the loin of a wild b., aprugnus lum- 
bus, Plin.: v. PIG, HOG. 
board (subs.): |. @ plank : 1 
tibiila: to put up a b. (stating that a 
house is to let), tabulam ponere, Cic. . 
Juv. 2. tabella (a small 6.) Ov. 
3. axis, is,m.° Caes.: oak b.s, querni 
axes, Plin.: v. PLANK. Ij. A table : 
q: V.- mensa. Ill. Food, diet: q. v. 
victus, Us: necessary b. and clothing, v. 
vestitusque necessarius, Cic. - to furnish 
anyone with his daily b., alicui v. quo- 


RED, 


tidianum praebere, Cic.: to pay a high | 


prue for b. and lodging, * v. mansion- 
emque magno pretio emere. IV. 4 
table on which games are played : iF 
abacus (divided into squares like @ 
dvaft-b.): Suet. Q2. tabula lisoria : 


Mart. 3. tabella: Ov. 4, alvéus 
or alveus lisorius: Plin.: Val. Max. 
5, alvédlus: Cic. V. A body of 


men, council, etc.: 1, consilium : 
a military b., ¢. militare, Liv.: Cic. 
2. collégium (a permanent b. of 
officials): to elect anyone member of a 
b., aliquem in ce. cooptare, Cic.: Caes. 
Phr: to go on b. @ ship: v. TO EM- 
BARK: to leap over-b., ex navi se pro- 
jicere, ex navi desilire, Caes.: to be a 
passenger on b. a ship, in navi vel, 
Cic.: to throw goods over-b., in mari 
jacturam (mercium) facere, Cic.: to act 
above b., sincere agere, Cic. 
board (v.): A, Trans.: |, 
To cover with boards: contabiilo, 1: to 
b turrets, turres c., Caes.: to 6. with oak 
planks, quernis axibus c., Plin. Phr.: 
a b.d passage, transitus tabulatus, Plin 
Il. Zo enter (a ship) hostilely : in 
naves hostium (vi) transcendere, Caes. 
I. Zo furnish with food : * victum 
alicui pacto pretio praebere. B. 
Intrans.: to live at another person's 
table: victito, 1: v. TO LIVE. Phr.: 
to b. and lodge in a friend's house 
(without payment), *amici hospitio 
uti. 
boarder : 
BOARD. 
boarding-school: Phr.: to keep a 
b., *pueros in suam domum educandos 
atque alendos recipere; puerorum edu- 
candorum atque alendorym curam sus- 
cipere: to send a son toa b., filium alicui 
alendum atque instituendum tradere. 
boast (v.). ], glorior, 1 (with 
abl., either with or without a prep.; 
also with acc. and inf.): to b. of one's 
riches, de suis divitiis g., Cic. (also, in 
aliqua re g., Cic.): to b. of one’s victory; 
sua victoria g., Caes.: he b.s that he will 


expr. by verb: vy. TO 











| GLORY. 


| jactare, Hor. 


BODY 





be a second Sulla, se alterum fore Sal- 
lam gloriatur, Caes.: with acc. of neut, 
pron.: to b. of the same thing (or to 
make the same b.), idem g., Cic.: v. TO 
2. jacto, I (usu. with pron 
veflect.: of noisy vain-glorious boast- 
ing): to b. more insufferably, intoler- 
aptius se j., Cic.: he has long b.’d about 


dio, Cic.: to b. of one’s lineage, genus 
3. ostento, 1 to b. of 
one’s prudence, prudentiam os., Cic.; v. 
TODISPLAY. 4, praedico, 1 (less strong 
than the foregoing): the Gauls b. that 
they are all descended from Pluto, Galli 
se omnes ab Dite prognatos p., Caes.: 
to b. of one's services, de suis meritis p., 
Caes.: Cic. Phr.: he b.s of my friend- 
ship wherever he goes, ille amicitiam 
meam latissima praedicatione circum- 
fert, Plin. ep.: similarly, gloria, praedi- 
catione efferre, Cic.: v.°TO EXTOL. 

boast (suvbs.): Vv. BoasTiInG. Phr. 
to make a b. of anything: Vv. TO BOAST: 
a mere empty b., *mera (inanis) verbo- 
rum jactatio: V. BOASTING. 

boaster: 1, jactator: 
Suet. 2. ostentator. Liv. 
ridsus homo; Cic. 

boastful 1, gloridsns: b. philo- 

boasting § sophy, g. philosophia, 
Cic.: 6. letiers, epistolae g., Plin. 2. 
jactans, antis: Hor.- Plin. 

boasting (subs.): 1, gloria: full 
of 6.8, gloriarum plenus, Pl.: v. GLory. 

2. gloriatio: Cic. 3. jactantia: 


Quint. : 
3. gld- 


Tac. : Quint. 4, jactatio: Cic. 
boastingly: 1, gloridsé: Pl. Q, 
jactanter: ‘ac, 
boat: 


1, linter, tris, f. (a kind of 
barge or canoe): Caes.: Cic.- Oy. SB 
lintriculus (a small b.)- Cic. $: 
cymba (esp. in poet.): Hor.: Ov.: Cie. 

4, scaipha (a light b.): they jumped 


| overboard into the b., de navi desilue- 


runt in s., Pl.: the men-of-wars’ bs 
scaphae longarum navium, Caes.: a 
Jishing-boat, s. piscatoria, Just. 5. 
navictila : Cie. 

boat-hook: *contus hamatus. 

boating: lintrium rémigatio. 

boatman: 1, nauta (the most 
gen. term): Hor. S. 1, 5, 31. 2. lin- 
trarius: Ulp. 

boatswain: (?) scaphae magister. 

bobbin: v- REEL. 

bode: Vv. TO PORTEND, PRESAGE, 

bodice: mamillare, is, n.: Mart. 

bodiless: incorporalis: v. INcoRPO- 
REAL, UNSUBSTANTIAL. 

bodily (adj.): i. e. pertaining to 
body ; having the nature of body : iv 
corpéreus: b. nature, c. natura, Lucr. : 
Cic.; b. plagues, c. pestes, Virg. 3. 
expr. by gen. of corpus: inclosed in b. 
structures, inclusi in compagibus cor- 
poris, Cic.: b. weakness, c. imbecillitas, 
Cic. 8, corporalis, e (mostly in late 
writers). b. defects, c. vitia, Sen 


bodily (adv.): corporaliter: Vulg. 
Col. 2,9: Arnob 
bodkin: icus obtiisa: v. NEEDLE. 


body: |, The frame of an animal: 
corpus, Oris, 2. : ab. subject to death, mor- 
tale c., Cic.: the b. should be exercised, 
ec. exercendum est, Cic.: the arms were 
stripped from the (dead) bs of the 
enemy, arma detracta sunt corporibus 
hostium, Liv.. v. CORPSE, Il. Alatter, 
any substance: corpus: b. cannot be 
conceived of apart from space, c. intel- 
ligi sine loco non potest, Cic.: rough, 
smooth b.s, c. aspera, levia, Cic.: indi- 
visible b.s, c. individua, Cic. (v. ATOM)> 
there are four kinds of b.s, quattuor 
sunt genera corporum, Cic. Wh. A 
person: V. NOBODY, SOMEBODY, et 
IV. Any collective mass, esp. of 
persons : ], corpus: the whole 6. of 
the state, totum c. reipublicae, Cic.: a 
political b., ¢. civitatis, Liv.: a head 
was wanting to the powerful b., c. va- 
lido caput deerat, Liv.: the b. of the 
entire Roman law, e. omnis Romani 
juris, Liv. 2, globus (prop. a cir- 
cular mass): the b. of men round Fa- 
bius blamed the dictator, circa Fabium 
g. increpabat dictatorem, Liv.: bs of 
85 


BUDY-GUAKD 


BOLT 


BONDED 





soldiers scattered the mob, militum 
globi turbam disjecere, Tac. 3, ma- 
nus, is, f. (a band of men: usu. as col- 
lected for active service): the new b. 
had joined the old forces, nova m. cum 
veteribus copiis se conjunxerat, Caes. : 
Liv.: v. BAND. 4, niimérus: a large 
b. of cavalry, magnus n. equitatus, 
Caes.: Vv. NUMBER. 5, multitado (a 
numerous b.): a@ numerous 6. of ca- 
calry, m. equitum, Cues.: Cic. 6. 
collégium (only of persons holding the 
same offices): the b. of praetors, prae- 
torum c., Cic.: the b. of tribunes, tri- 
bunorum c., Caes. V. By analogy 
with animals, the middle or bullciest 
part: the b. of a carriage, capsus rhe- 
dae, Vitr.: of @ ship: v. HULL. 
body-guard: j. stipatores cor- 
poris: Cic. (or simply stipatores : Cic.). 
9. satellites, um: the king's b., 
Tegii s., Liv.: Caesar’s b., s. Caesafis, 
Tac. §, corporis custddes: Ulp. 4, 
cdhors praetoria (of a general): Caes.: 
Cic. 5, exercitus praetorianus (of 
the emperors): Suet.: also praetoriani 
milites, Plin.: v. PRAETORIAN. 
bog: palus: v. FEN, MARSH. 
oggle: Vv. TO HESITATE, SHUFFLE. 
boggy: paluster: v. FENNY, MARSHY. 
boil (v.): A. Intrans.: i 
Lit.: whether of the liquid, or of the 
vessel containing it: 1, ferveo, biti, 
2, and sometimes 3 (fervére: Lucr.): 
b.ing water, aqua fervens, Cic. 2. 
fervesco, 3 (to begin to b.): the pots are 
beginning to b., seriae f., Pl. 8. ef- 
fervesco, fervi, 3: waters b. when fires 
are put under them, aquae ef. subditis 
ignibus, Cic. |J. Zo be cooked in 
liquid : infervesco, bui, 3: when this has 
b.'d, hoc ubiinferbuit, Hor.: Plin. Pbr.: 
to b. quickly (i.e. to become soon soft 
in b.ing), in coctura celeriter madescere, 
Col.: comp. inf. B. (9). Ill. Zo be 
agitated by heat, or in a similar way: 
1, fervéo, 2: the sea b.s with the 
tide, f. aestu pelagus, Cic.: Virg. a 
aestiio, 1: the whirlpool b.s, a. gurges, 
Virg.: the wave is b.ing, a. unda, Hor, 
8, effervo (-esco), 3 (to b. over): ve 
have seer billowy Aetna b. over into the 
fields, ef. in agros vidimus undantem 
Aetnam, Virg. 4, exaestiio, 1 (to b. 
up): Etna b.s up from its lowest depth, 
Aetna fundo ex. imo, Virg. IV. Zo 
be hot or fervid (fig.): 1, fervéo, 2: 
his soul was b.ing with swelling wrath, 
animus tumida fervebat ab ira, Ov.: 
Hor, 9, fervesco, 3. the mind begins 
to b. with anger, animus ira f., Lucr. 
8, effervesco, 3: Cic. 4, aestiio, 
1: his mind b.s up with anger, mens 
ex. ira, Virg.: Vv. also TO BE ON FIRE. 
B. Trans.: 1, fervéfacio, féci, 
factum, 3: to b. brine, muriam f., Cels. : 
Plin. Q, infervéfacio, 3: to b. vinegar, 
acetum in., Col. 3. cdquo, coxi, coc- 
tum, 3 (gen. term for every kind of 
cooking): to b, food, cibum [aqua fer- 
venti] coquere, Lucr.: Liv.: Ov. 5 
concdquo, 3 (0. together): Lucr.: Plin. 
5, décdquo, 3 (6. down or thoroughly): 
to b. anything down to half the quan- 
tity, aliquid in dimidiam partem d., 
Hor.: Plin. 6, excdquo, 3 (b. out or 
away): b. it fill you b. away the half, 
usque coquito dum dimidiam excoquas, 
Cato. 7, incdquo, 3 (0. in or with): 
to b. roots in wine, radices Baccho in., 
Virg.: to b. blood with herbs, cruorem 
herbis in., Hor.: to b. down juice with 
honey, succum cum melle in., Cels. 8, 
percoquo, 3 (b. thoroughly): to b. beef 
thoroughly, bubulas carnes p., Plin. 
9, In pass., to be b.’d : madeo, ui, 
2 (strictly to be soaked; hence, to be- 
come tender with boiling): these things 
shall be bd directly; I will see to it, 
haec madebunt, faxo, PI. 
boil (subs.): 1, farunctilus: Cels.: 
Plin. 2, vimica: Cic.: Cels.: Juv. 
boiled (adj.): €lixus: the mrat is 
better b.’d than roasted, caro elixa esse 
quam assa solet suavior (cf. Pl. Most. 5, 


3, 66): Hor.: Plin. : 
boiler: [. A person who boils: 
iL Petr. 2, expr. by 


coctor: 
6 





verb: v. TO BOIL. 
Jor boiling in: 1, abénum: v. cAL- 
DRON. 2. caldarium (prop. a vessel 
for hot water at baths): Vitr. 
cortina (a circular three-footed vessel) : 
Pl.: Plin.: v. TRIPOD. 

boiling (subs.) 1, coctira: Col.: 
Pl. 2. expr. by verb: v. TO BOIL 
(trans.). 

boisterous: |. Windy, stormy: 

1, procelldsus (abounding in 
squalls): a b. spring, ver p., Liv.: a b. 
wind, ventus p., Ov. 2. turbidus 
(unquiet, troubled): there was b. wea- 
ther yesterday, t. tempestas heri fuit, 
Pl.: Caes.: the b. south-west wind, t. 
Auster, Hor.: 6. rain, t. imber, Virg. 
8, turbiilentus (stronger than tur- 

bidus): Pl.: 6. weather, t. tempestas, 
Cic. 4. inquiétus: the b. Adriatic, 
ing. Hadria, Hor. I]. Noisy, turbu- 
lent: turbidus. b. manners, t. mores, 
PL: a b. and bawling disputant, t. et 
clamosus altercator, Quint.: v. TURBU- 
LENT. 

boisterously ; 

ac. 2. turbilenté: 
BULENTLY. 


Il. 4 large vessel 


1, turbidé: Cic.: 
Cic.: v. TUR- 


bold: |. Possessing courage: 1, 
animOsus: Vv. SPIRITED. 2. audax, 
acis (usu. of recicless, evil daring, whe- 
ther of persons or of actions): what 
second man is b.er than I? qui me alter 
est audacior homo? Pl.: b.er for crime, 
ad facinus audacior, Cic.: b. to endure 
all things, a. omnia perpeti, Hor. : a b. 
deed, a. facinus, Ter. 3, audens, 
entis (rare, and only of persons): Virg.: 
Tac. 4, férox, cis (i. e. high-spirited, 
martial, q. v.: only of persons): b. in 
war, f. bello, Hor.: b. in warfare, f. ad 
bellandum, Liv. |]. Of expression: 
novel, striking: audax: 6. dithyrambs, 
a. dithyrambi, Hor.: 6. hyperbole, a. 
hyperbole, Quint. Ill. Prominent, 
projecting: q. V.: prominens. 

bold-faced: Phr.: a b.-faced boy, 
duri puer oris, Ov. (urbanae {rontis, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11): V. IMPUDENT. 

boldly: 1, audacter: Caes.: Cic. 

9. férdciter (with spirit: comp. 

BOLD, 4): things b. done in war, f. 
facta in bello, Liv.: Sall. 3. ani- 
M0sé: V. COURAGEOUSLY ; V. also, RECK- 
LESSLY, BRAVELY. 

boldness: |. Courage: |, au- 
dacia; usu. in bad sense: v. AUDACITY, 
DARING. Q. audentia (a neutral word 
acc. to Nonus, §, 84, but rare): nor was 
Drusus wanting in b., nec defuit a. 
Druso, Tac. 8. fidentia: v. CONFI- 
DENCE. |], Freedom (of speech): 1, 
libertas: Vv. FREEDOM, FRANKNFSS. Q, 
audentia: Plin. ep. (used with ref. to 
the use of novel or extraordinary lan- 
guage). Phr.: with b., libere, aperte: 
V. OPENLY, FRANKLY. II]. Assurance, 
impudence: q. v.: imptidentia. IV. 
Prominence, projection : q. V- 

bole: v. TRUNK, STEM. 

bole (jine earth): bolus or terra bo- 
laris: M. L. 

boll: i. e. @ round seed-vessel : folli- 
ciilus: v. POD, FOLLICLE. 

bolled: i. e. swollen: q. v. 

bolster (subs.): 1, cervical, lis, 
N.: V. PILLOW. 2. pulvinus: v. 
CUSHION. 

bolster up (v.): v. TO PROP UP. 

bolt (subs.) : |. A missile: q.v.: 
télum, fulmen. |, A bar of iron, etc., 
esp. for securing doors: 1. pessiilus: 
I fasten the door with the b., pessulum 
ostio obdo, Ter. 2. dbex, icis, m. 
and f.: Virg.- Tac.: v. BARRIER. 3 
séra: Varr.: Ov.: Juv. 4, répagiila, 
orum: Pl.: Cic. (Note.—All the above 
denote some kind of bar or bolt; the 
pessulus being, however, smaller than 
the others, and usually of tron. Obex 
and repagula are used also of other 
kinds of barriers; pessulus and sera 
only of door-fastenings.) Ul. Za 
ship-building, etc.: clavus: tron bs, 
clavi ferrei, Caes.: V. NAIL, STUD. 

bolt (.): |. To fasten by a bolt, 
ete. 1, obséro, 1: fo b. a door, osti- 
um ob., Ter. ; fores, Suet. 2, occliido, 








si, sum, 3: double b. the doors if you 
please, occlude, sis, fores ambobus pes- 
sulis, Pl.: v. TO BAR, LOCK. , To 
sift flour: v. TO SIFT. lll. 70 gulp 
down: q.v.: obsorbeo: Hor. 

bolter, bolting-sieve: pollinarfum 
cribrum: PI.: Plin. 

bolus: bolus, M. L. 

bomb: *pyrdébdlus: Kr. (after Rei- 
chard), and Georg. Or by circuml., 
* globus ferreus pulvere nitrato ferroque 
conferrus. 


gen. term, tormentarius) : 
LERYMAN. 

bombardment: Phr.: during the 
b., *dum urbs tormentis (nitratis) ver- 
beratur: the b. of the city lasted three 
days, * per tres (continuos) dies non de- 
sierunt hostes omni telorum (nitratoe 
Tum) genere urhem oppugnare. 

bombasin: 1, bombycinum: Isid.: 
Vv. SILK. 2. Coa vestis: a kind of 
exceedingly thin, transparent fabric: 
y. Dict. Ant. s. ». 

bombast : 1, ampullae, arum 
(prop. denoting bottles with round swol- 
len bellies: AnxvOor, Cic.): he flings 
aside b., projicit ampullas et sesqui- 
pedalia verba, Hor. Hence, to talk b., 
ampullor, 1: Hor. 2, timor (verbo- 
Tum): Quint.: Gell.: v. INFLATION. 
Phr.: to write b., rumpere buccas, Pers. 
(N.B.— Magniloquentia and magnifi- 
centia (verborum) are oftener found in 


v. ARTIL- 


good sense: V. GRANDEUR, MAGNILO- 
QUENCE.) 
bombastic: 1. inflatus: b. lan- 


guage, oratio quae turget et inf. est, 
Auct. Her.: Quint.: v. INFLATED. Q, 
tiimidus: what in one passage is grand 
in another is b., quod alibi magnificum, 
t. alibi, Quint.: a more b. discourse, tu- 
midior sermo, Liv. Phr.: to be b., 


ttiméo, 2: Tac.: Mart. (v. also pre- 
ceding art.). 
bond: |. That which binds: 1, 


vinctlum (both for repressing and for 
uniting): bodies tightly bound with b.s, 
corpora constricta vinculis, Cic.: Virg. 
Fig.: to fly forth from the b.s of the body 
as from @ prison, ex corporum vinculis 
tanquam e carcere evolare, Cic.: the mar- 
riage b., v. jugale, Virg. - b.s of velation- 
ship, v. propinquitatis, Cic. 2. no- 
dus: the b.s of superstition, nodi reli- 
gionum, Lucr.: the b. of friendship, n. 
amicitiae, Cic.: v. KNOT, ENTANGLE- 
MENT. 3. caténa: the b. of the laws, 
c. legum, Cic.: v. BAND. 4, copila 
(of that which unites): the unbroken b. 
(of mutual love), irrupta c., Hor.: the 
nuptial b., nuptialis ¢., Apul.: v. TIE, 
LEASH. Il, In pl., i.g. imprisonment 
(q. v-): vincila, orum: fo be hurried 
away to b.s and darkness, in vincla 
atque in tenebras abripi, Cic.: Liv. 

II]. 4 legal document which binds: 

1, syngrapha: to lend money ona 
b., pecuniam alicui per s. credere, Cic. : 
to deliver judgment on a b., jus ex s. 
dicere, Cic. 2. chirdgraphum : Suet. : 
Gaius. 3. nomen: J wish to pay in 
full, so that the b. may be cancelled and 
I may owe nothing, volo persolvere ut 
expungatur n. ne quid debeam, PI.: v. 


DEBT. 

bond (adj.): perh. only in phr. bond 
or free, Where bond=slave, q. v. 

bondage: J, servitus, iitis, f. 
(loss of freedom: whether of an indivi- 
dual or of a community): Them/siocles 
Sreed Greece from b., Themistocles ser- 
vitute Graeciam liberavit, Cic.: Caes.: 
Vv. SLAVERY. 2. servitium (=servi- 
tus): he was led by his creditor into b., 
ductus est ab creditore in s., Liv.: Ter. 

3, familatus, is, m.: to be in a 

state of bs, in f. esse, Cic. Fig.: the b. 
of virtue to pleasure, virtutis f. servien- 
tis voluptati, Cic. 4. captivitas: v. 
CAPTIVITY. 

bonded: Phr.: b. goods, *merces 
importatae pro quibus portoria nondum 
soluta sunt: or perh., servae merces 
(just as servae aedes denotes a house 
liable to some charge: v. copYHOLD). 


BOND-MAILD 





_.bond-maid, bond-woman fam- | men in tabulas, in codicem, or in libel- | sepsit de m. comitium, Cic.: Liy.: 


tila: Virg.:; Cic.: v. HAND-MAID, SLAVE. 
bondman, bond-servant;: 1. 
faimiilus, servus: Vv. SLAVE. " 
(strictly, of one assz. over to another 
im bondage): addictus: Cic.: Quint. : 
Vv. SLAVE. 
bone (subs.): 1, 5s, ossis, 7: 
he is nothing but skin and b., ossa atque 
pellis totust (=totus est), Pl. (comp. 
Virg. ‘vix ossibus haerent’): the b.s 
placed beneath the flesh have wonderful 
joints, o. subjecta corpori mirabiles 
commissuras habent, Cic.: an in/ant’s 
b.s, infantia o., Ov.: broken b.s, fracta 
o., Cels.: b.s are sometimes dislocated, 
moventur. 0. interdum sedibus suis, 
Cels.: to set b.s, ossa reponere, collocare, 
Cels.: torremove a b. (by a surgical ope- 
ration): o. legere, Sen. 2, ossictilum 
(a small b.): Plin. 3, spina (a sh 
b.): Quint. (For the particular bones 
of the human body, as bacic-bone, spine- 
bone, etc., see the several words.) 4. 
Fig.: of the bones or budy of the dead: 
cinéres (also in sing.) : V. ASHES. 
bone, of bone (@/j.): osséus: the b. 
handles of Jenives, manubria cultellorum 
o., Juv.: Plin. 
bone (v.): i. e. fo vemove bones: ex- 
osso, 1: to b. a conger-vel, congrum ex., 
Her: Pu 
boneless: exos, ossis: Lucr. 
bone-setter: qui (quae) ossa re- 
ponit, collocat: v. TO SET. 
bone-setting : ars ossium reponen- 
dorum s. collocandorum. 
bonfire: (?) ignes festi: Stat. Sil. 
4 8, 37 (Kt.): (S.’s full expression is 
*festos cumulare altaribus ignes ’). 
bon-mot: dictum: Cic. Or. 2, 54, 
222: to indulge in b.s upon one’s friends, 
in suos d. dicere, Cic.: v. WITTICISM. 
bonnet: no exact word: the cover- 
ing of a woman’s head was by the 
Romans called mitra or calvatica (not 
calautica: v. Forcell. s. v. Ge:m. ed.), 
and for a man to wear such an article of 
dress was infamous. But it was rather 
a turban than at all like a bonnet. 
bonny: pulcher: v. HANDSOME, 
PRETTY. 
= bony: osstus: 6. hands, 0. manus, 
uv. 
booby; stultus: v. BLocKHEAD, FOOL. 
book: |. A literary uork: 1 
liber, bri, m.: to vead b.s, 1. legere, Cic. 
to publish a b., 1. edere, Cic.: to write a 
b., |. scribere, Cic.: the b. has been pub- 
lished, |. exiit, Cic.: a bound b., 1. con- 
glutinatus, Ulp.: he (the elder Pliny) 
used to say that nob. was so bad us to 
be utterly use'ess, dicere solebat nullum 
esse |. tam malum ut non aliqua parte 
prodesset, Plin. ep. 3, 5. Q. libellus 
(a small 6.): Cic.: Ov. 3. volimen 
(a voll): to unroll=turn over (hence, 
to read), to open a b., v. explicare or 
evolvere, Cic.: Epicurus’ divine b. ve- 
specting rule and judgment, coeleste 
Epicuri v. de regula et judicio, Cic. 4, 
codex, icis, m. (the leaves of which were 
arranged lilce those of modein b.s): Piso 
has filled many 6.s, Piso multos c. im- 
plevit, Cic.: Ulp. 5, charta (strictly 
a leaf of papyrus): to grow pale with 
study of b.s, impallescere chartis, Pers. : 
the b.s of Cicero, chartae Arpinae, Mart. 
Phr.: to get to the end of a b., ad 
umbilicos pervenire, Mart. (the roller 
being finished off with bosses): to ex- 
plain cnithing without b., aliquid ex 
memoria (memoriler) exponere, Cic.: 
Vv. BY HEART. |]. A division or 
portion of aliterary ork: 1, liber: 
three b.s respecting the nature of the 
gods are finished, tres 1. perfecti sunt 
de natura Deorum, Cic.: I have lately 
read your fourth (book) de Finibus, legi 
tuum nuper quartum de Finibus, Cic. 
2. vodlimen (inasmuch as each 
often occupied a separate roll): there 
are too jf fteen b.s of the Metamorphoses, 
sunt quoque mutatae ter quinque v. 
formae, Ov. 
mess: tabiilae: Vv. ACCOUNT-BOOK, and 
foll. art. 
book (v.): Phr.: to b. a debt, no- 


. 


III. In pl. books of busi- | 


BOOTY 


lum referre, Cic. 

book-binder: glitinator: Cic. 

book-binding: v. BINDING. 

book-case: 1, armarium (also of 
other closets or presses): the sixth b. 
(vf the Ulpian library), sextum a., Vo- 
pise.: Vitr. 2. torali, platei: v. 
BOOKSHELF. 

bookish: libris deditus; librorum 
studivsior; librorum helluo (lit. @ glut- 
tum of books, Cic.): Vv. FOND OF, DE- 
VOTED TO. 

book-keeper:  actiiarius : 

1cL.: V. ACCOUNTANT. 

book-keeping: ars rationaria: v. 


Aur. 


ACCOUNTS, 
bo: k-seller: 1, bibliépdla: Plin. 
ep.: Mart. Q. librarius (esp. of one 


who transcribed books as well as suld 
them): Sen.: Gell. Phr.: that’s your 
book to pay the b.s, hic meret aera liber 
Sosiis (with a jocose allusion to the 
name of a particular firm), Hor. A. P. 
345: to keep a b.’s shop, librariam exer- 
cere (Kr.): to be a great b., nobilem 
librariam factitare, Erasm. (ap. Kr.). 

book-shelf: 1, pliteus: the B.s 
round the walls, plutei circa parietes, 
Ulp.: Pers. 2. (in pl.): forili, 
orum (a book-case): he put the Sibyl- 
line books im two sets of (7) gilded 
shelves, libros Sibyllinos condidit duobus 
f. anratis, Suet. Aug. 31: Vv. BOOK-CASE. 

book-worm: |. An iisect that 
eats books: 1, tinéa: Cato: Hor. 

2, blatta: Hor.: Mart. Il. A 

person extremely fond of books: v. 
BOOKISH. 

boom (subs.): |. A long pole or 
spar: longirius: Varr.: Caes. ll. 
A chain to prevent entrance into a@ har- 
bour, etc.: caténa: Vitr. 5. 12. 1. 

boom (v.): sono: v. TO ECHO, 

boon: binum: v. Goop, FAVOUR, 
BLESSING. 

boon-companion: _ 1, compran- 
sor (table-companion): Cic. 2. com- 
potor (fem. compotrix, PIl.), combibo, 
Onis (both of Grinking companions) : 
Cic. 3. sddalis: Pl.: Cic.: v. com- 
RADE.—(N.B. All the above words ex- 
cepting the last are terms of reproach.) 

boor: (homo) agrestis, is (in pl. with- 
out subs.): Cic.; Virg.: v. PEASANT, 
CLOWN. 

boorish: 1, agrestis, e: an un- 
learned and b. race of men, hominum 
genus indoctum et a., Cic. 2, siiba- 
grestis (semewhat b.): Cic.: v. CLOWN- 
ISH, RUSTIC. 

boorishly; rusticé: Cic.: Hor. 

boorishness; rusticitas: Ov.: po- 
liteness, the opposite of which is b., ur- 
banitas, cui contraria est r., Quint. 

boot (v.): présum: v. TO BENEFIT. 

boot, to: Vv. BESIDES, IN ADDITION. 

boot (subs.): 1, calcéus (the gen. 
tern for any kind of covering jor the 
Jeet): Cic.: Hor.: v. SHOE. 2. cd- 
thurnus (a high boot, worn by hunters, 
tragedians, etc.): Cic.: Virg.: Hor. 

8. péro, Onis, m. (made of raw 

hide, and worn chiefly by rnstics) : 
Virg.: Liv. 4, caliga (a heavy low 
b. worn by soldiers): Cic.: Suet. 

booted: 1, calcéatus (strictly, 
wearing shoes: q. v.): Cic. Q. cali- 
gatus (wearing the soldiers’ heavy boot) : 
Suet. 

booth: tiberna: v. TENT. 

bootjack: *instrimentum ad cal- 
ceamenta détrahenda. 

bootless ; irritus: v. 
FRUIFLESS. 

bootlessly; frustra: v. my vary. 

boot-tree: forma caligaris: Edict. 
Diocl. (or more generally, forma calcea- 
menti). 

booty: 1, praeda: to employ b. 
and its proceeds on the decorations of 
the city, praedas ac manubias in urbis 
ornamenta conferre, Cic.: to grant the b. 
to the soldiers, praedam militibus do- 
nare, Cues.: v. PLUNDER. 9. mani- 
biae, arum (the money obtained by the 
sale of b.): Hostilius with the proceeds 
of the b. inclosed the comitium, Hostilius 


UNAVAILING, 


BORE 





sports. 3, praemium (poet.): tocarry 
stolen b in one's dress, rapta p. veste 
ferre, Tib.: Ov. Phr.: to carry off 
b., praedari: v. TO PLUNDER. 
booze: poto: v. TO GuzzLE. 
boracic: *boracicum: M.L. 
borax: *subboras sodae: M. L. 
border (subs.): |, Edge: J. 
limbus (of dress): @ cloak with an em- 
broidered b., picto chlamys |., Virg.: Ov. 
2. margo, Inis, m. and 7.: the b. of 
a fountain, m. tontis, Ov. 3. Gra: 
the b. of a shield, o. clipei, Virg.: v. 
EDGE, RIM. Il. A side bed ina gar- 
den: (?) area maceriae semitaeve adja- 
cens: V. BED. II]. Boundary : finis, 
is, m., rarely f.: to have a farm on the 
b.s, finem sub utrumque {eorum) arare, 
Hor.: there was neither river nor moun- 
tain to mark their bs, weque flumen 
neque mons erat qui f. eorum discer- 
neret, Sall.: v. BouNDARY. Phr.: the 
b.s (i. e. the districts situated neur the 
boundaries), agri limitanei, Cod. Theod. 


border (v.): A, Intrans.: L. 
To b. on: i.e. to adjoin, have a comm 
boundary with: ], tango, tétigi, 


tactum, 3: the farms b. on the Tiber, 
fundi Tiberim t., Cic.: Caes. 2. at- 
tingo, 3: the district b.’d on Cilicia, 
regio Ciliciam attingebat, Cic.: the Nervii 
b.d upon their territories, eorum fines 
Nervii attingebant, Caes. 3, contingo, 
3: they border upon the tervitories of 
the Arverni, fines Arvernorum contin- 
gunt, Caes.: Liv. 4. circumjacéo, 2 
(with dat.): the Chersonesus and the 
parts uhich b. on Europe, Chersonesus 
quaeque c. Europae, Liv.: v. TO ADJOIN, 
BE ADJACENT. — ||, To resemble closely: 
finitimum, confinem esse: the false b.s 
so closely on the true, ita finitima falsa 
sunt veris, Cic.: the poet b.s on the ora- 
tor, poeta oratori finitimus est, Clc. 
B, Trans.: praetexo, texui, textum, 
3: bright purple often b.s your dress, 
purpura saepe tuos fulgens p. amictus, 
Ov.: the Mincius b.s its banks with 
reeds, p. arundine ripas Mincius, Virg.: 
both nations are b.d by the Rhine, utrae- 
qne nationes Rheno praetexuntur, Tac. 
Phr.: a gold edge b.d the cloak, chlamy- 
dem limbus obibat aureus, Ov.: v. To 
EDGE, TO BIND. 

borderer : 1, finitimus: Caes.: 

ic. 9. accdla: Pl.: Liv. ‘ 
(esp. in pl.) qui attingunt, etc.: v. To 
BORDER. 

bordering (adj.): 1, affinis, e: 
a nation b. upon the Moors, gens af. 
Mauris, Liv. Q, finitimuy : the Gauls 
b. upon the Belgae, Galli Belgis f., Caes. : 
the atmosphere 6. on the sea, aér mari f., 
Cic. Fig.: @ vice will be found b. 
upon each virtue, unicuique virtuti fini- 
timum vitium reperietur, Cic. 

bore (v.): |. To make a circular 
hote: 1, perfdro, 1 (simple verb foro, 
rare: Col.: Macr.): to b. a hole through 
a ship, navem p., Cic.. Col. 2. ex- 
cavo, 1: the Gallic gimlet b.s a hole (in 
a tree) without becoming heated, Gallica 
terebra ex., nec urit, Plin.: Col. b, 
térébro, 1: to b. vines, vites t.,Col.: tob. 
the eye with a sharp weapon, lumen telo 
acuto t., Virg. 4, exterébro, 1 (to b. 
out): the gold had been b.d out, aurum 
exterebratum erat, Cic. 5, pertéré- 
bro, 1 (to b. through): to b. through a 
pillar, columnam p., Cic.: Vitr. Ib. 
To weary by umportunity, etc. : obtuudo, 
tidi, tiisum, 3: if J could sleep, I would 
not b. you with such long letters, ego si 
somnum capere possem, tam longis te 
epistolis non obtunderem, Cic. Att. 8. 1. 
Phr.: to b. any one us he is reading, by 
gossiping, aliquem legentem impellere 
quovis sermone molestum, Hor. 8. 1, 3, 
65: b.d with hoarse-throated Codrus’ 
Theseid, vexatus rvauci Theseide Codri, 
Juv.: you b. me, odiosus mihies, PL: 
Vv. TO WORRY, HARASS. 

bore (subs.): |. That which.bores : 
Vv. BORER, GIMLET. |]. 4A hole made 
by boring: foramen: v. HOLE. Phr.: 
the b. of @ gun, *cava pars (cavum?) 
sclopeti. II]. One who wearies : 

87 


BORER 


Ineptus (the nearest word: cf. Cic.’s 
description of the ineptus, Or. 2, 4, 17): 
he is a b. anda. bit of a brag, ineptus 
et jactantior hic paulo est, Hor. S. 1, 3, 
49- Q. importtnus: v. DISAGREE- 
ABLE, UNAMIABLE. 3, Oddidsus: cf. 
TO BORE (fin.). 4, modlestus: v. 
TROUBLESOME : (and cf. Hor.S. r, 3,65). 
borer; térébra (instrument) : Col. : 
Plin.: Vv. GIMLET. 
boring (subs.): térébratio: Col. 
boring-worm: téredo, inis, f.- 
Plin.: Ov. 
born: 1, natus (v. BORN, TO BE): 
young men b. of a most distinguished 
family, amplissima familia n. adoles- 
centes, Caes.: b. of a tigress, de tigride 
n., Ov.: nations b. for slavery, nationes 
n. servituti, Cic.: an animal b. to en- 
dure toils, animal n. tolerare labores, 
Ov. 9. génitus: b. of a concubine, 
pellice g., Liv.: 6. im the seventh month 
(of pregnamcy), septimo mense g., Plin. 
» be: ], nascor, natus, 3: 
we are b. for wretchedness, in miseriam 
nascimur, Cic.:; grandchildren, and those 
who shall be b. of them, nati natorum, et 
qui nascentur ab illis, Virg.: to be b. 
feet foremost, in pedes procedere nas- 
centem, Plin. 9. rénascor, 3 (to be 
b. again): nor let the mysteries of Py- 
thagoras, b. again, deceive you, nec te 
Pythagorae fallant arcana renati, Hor. 
3, drior, ortus, 4: the soil wpon 
which you were b. and begotten, solum 
in quo tu ortus et procreatus es, Cie. 
V. TO ARISE, SPRING. Phr.: tt is na- 
tural to be b, head first, ritu naturae 
capite hominem gigni est, Plin.. when 
twins are b., editis geminis, Plin.: to be 
born defective, fully formed, truncos, 
integros gigni, Plin. 
boron ; *bora or borium: M. L. 
borough: minicipium (prop. an in- 
corporated b., subject to Rome, but go- 
verned by its own laws): the foremost 
man of his b., sui m. primus, Cic.: v. 
MUNICIPAL TOWN. For the looser sense, 


Vv. TOWN. 
borrow: |. As the correlative of 
“lend”: miitiior, r- to b. sums of 


money, pecunias m., Caes.: we will b. 
of Caelius, a Caelio mutuabimur, Cic. 
Phr.: to endeavour to b. money, mu- 
tuum argentum quaerere, Pl.: to 6. 
money of any one, mutuas pecunias ab 
aliquo sumere, Cic.: to b. money at m- 
terest, numos conducere, Hor.; pecu- 
niam c., Juv. : to b. money for the sake 
of paying a debt, versuram facere, Cic. 
||. Zo take from another for one’s 

own use; to adopt: 1, mitior, 1. 
to shine with light b’d jrom him (the 
sun), mutuata ab eo luce fulgere, Plin. 
the orator b.s his subtlety from the Aca- 
demy, orator subtilitatem ab Academia 
m., Cic. Q, péto, ivi, itum, 3: to b. 
words from the Greeks, verba a Graecis 
p., Cic.: Tac.: v. TO DERIVE. Phr.: 
b. shame, if you have none, si pudoris 
egeas, sumas mutuum, Pl.: v. TO DE- 
RIVE, TAKE, ADOPT. Wl. Zo assume, 
imitate: q. Vv. 

borrowed: Lit. of money; and by 
analogy, of other things : miu- 
tiius: b. money, m. argentum, Pl.; m. 
pecunia, Cic. Phr.: money b. from 
banker's, aes circumforaneum, Cic. 9. 
miitiidtus: v. TO BORROW (II. 5.) ay 
Rlienus (i. e. belonging to another): to 
shine in 6. plumes, alienis bonis gloriari, 
Phaedr.: to frame edicts with the help 
of b. talent, edicta al. formare ingenio, 
Suet. 

borrower: qui mutuatur. 

borrowing (swbs.): 1, miutia- 
tio: Cic. 9, versiira (a b. of money 
to pay a debt): Ter.: Cic. 

bosky: silvestris, e. a b. hill, s. 
collis, Caes.: a b. place, s. locus, Cic. 

bosom (subs.) : 1, sinus, tis (the 
breast; also, the folds of the dress 
about the breast): to put one’s hand 
into a person's b., manum in s. alicui 
inserere, Ter.: give me the letter from 
his b., cedo mihi ex ipsius sinu literas, 
Cic. : Antony opposed his b. to the 
drawn sword, opposuit s. Antontus 

88 





BOTH 


stricto ferro, Tac. Fig.: of an em- 
brace ; affection: to receive a person to 
one's b. and embrace, suo s. complexu- 
que aliquem recipere, Cic.. to weep im 
the bosom of a friend, in amici s. deflere, 
Plin. So of the interior, midst, of any 
place: to be dragged from the b. and 
lap of one’s country, e s. gremioque pa- 
triae abstrahi, Cic.: in the b. of pro- 
found peace, in intimo s. pacis, Plin. 
2. grémium (strictly lap: q. v., 
but also sometimes nsed for bosom, esp. 
in its more fig. acceptations): he flings 
himself upon thy b., in g. tuum se rejicit, 
Lucr. (of Mars and Venus): (the land) 
which embraces in its b. my father's 
bones, quae patris gremio complectitur 
ossa, Virg.: the Po issues from the b. 
of mount Vesulus, Padus gremio Vesuli 
montis profluit, Plin.: the earth receives 
the seed in its b., terra gremio semen 
excipit, Cic. 8. pectus, Gris, n. (the 
breast: whereas sinus and gremium do 
not denote parts of the body, but of the 
dress as connected with posture): to 
beat the b., ferire pectora, Ov.: v- 
BREAST. In fig. sense it is equiv. to 
the Eng. heart (q. v.): hence phr. @ 
bosom friend, pectus amicitiae, Mart. 9, 
14. Phr.: he is one of my b. friends, 
est ex meis domesticis atque intimis 
familiaribus, Cic.: your b. friend, tuus 
amicus et sodalis, Pl.: they are b. friends, 
uterque utrique est cordi, Ter.: thee my 
b. friend, te partem meae animae, Hor. 
(but the Latin is much stronger): v. 
BREAST, HEART, BOWELS, 
bosom (v.): chiefly in p. part. ‘ bo- 
somed,’ : hr.: a town b.d in woods, 
*oppidum silvis undique cinctum. 
bosquet: silviila: Col. 
boss: 1. bulla: to remove the 
golden b.s from the folding doors, b. 
aureas ex valvis anferre, Cic.: the b. the 
ornament of boyhood, b. ornamentum 
pueritiae, Cic. (v. Dict. Ant. s. v.). 3 
umbo, onis, m. (the b. of a shield): Virg. 
3, umbilicus (the end of a roller for 
books, maps, etc.): Cat.: Mart. 
botanic, botanical: —_ 1, herba- 
rius: 6. (science), herbaria sc. ars, 
Plin.: a b. swhject, *res b., Linn. 9. 
botanicus : b. gardens, *horti b., Linn. : 
b. friends, *amici b., Linn. 
botanist: ], herbarius: Plin. 
9, *botanicus: most distinguished 
b.s, praestantissimi botanici, Linn 
botanize: *herbariam exercere; her- 
bas legere ov colligere: v. BOTANY. 
botany : 1, herbaria (se. ars): 
Plin. 9, *bdtanica: Linn. 
botch (subs.): |, A swelling on 
the skin: Vv, BLOTCH. I. A clumsy 
piece of work, usu. of repairing: cen- 
tunculus male consarcinatus, Apul.; 
pannus male, imperite s. inconcinne 
assutus: cf. Hor. A. P. 16: v. PATCH, 
MESS. 
botch (v.): |. Zo mend clumsily : 
1, sarcio, résarcio, 4: with some 
qualifying word, as male, imperite: v. 
TO PATCH UP. 2. (milé) consarcino, 
1: Apul. ||, Todoanything clumsily: 
Phr.: this has been b.'d, est hoc impe- 
rite factum, Cic.: to b. an affair, rem 
(negotium) male gerere, Cic. : to b. words, 
verba (male) consarcinare, Gell.: the 
eg was b.’d, navis inscite facta est, 
iv. 
botcher: i.e. @ clumsy workman ; 
esp. of the ¢atéor’s craft: *sartor (sarci- 
nator) imperitus: Vv. CLUMSY, UNSKIL- 
FUL, 
both: 1, ambd, ambae, ambd 
(regarded as forming a wnity): we are 
b. very curious, sumus a. belle cariosi, 
Cic.: b. the consuls, consules a., Liv. 
2. séminus (of things that are na- 
turally or usu. in pair's): b. eyes, ge- 
minae acies, Virg.: 6. feet, g. pedes. Ov. . 
b. hands, g. manus, Mart. 3. uo; 
duae, duo (used like the preceding: but 
chiefly poet.): he raised an immense 
bowl with b. his hands, ingentem mani- 
bus tollit cratera d., Ov.: mutual re- 
gard and social love ruled them b., mu- 
tua cura duos et amor socialis habebat, 
Ov. 4. iiterque, utraque, utrumque 


BOTTOM 





(regarded as separate, yet placed in the 
same relation to a third object. Al- 
though the Eng. word is plu. and takes 
the plu. verb, the Latin word is gen. 
sing., except when it denotes two par- 
ties; but the verb is sometimes plu. 
with the sing. of uterque): 6. came with 
an army, uterque cum exercitu venit, 
Caes.: b. parents, uterque parens, Ov. : 
to argue on b. sides, in utramque par- 
tem disserere, Cic.: they are b. mad, 
uterque insaniunt, Pl.. 6. of them lead 
out their armies from the camps, uterque 
eorum ex castris exercitum ducunt, 
Cues.: b. parties made a cruel use of 
their victory, utrique victoriam crude- 
liter exercebant, Sall.: he stretched out 
b. hands, palmas utrasque tetendit, Virg. 
Phr.: on b. sides, utrimque: as, the 
trumpets sound on b. sides, tubae utrim- 
que canunt, Pl.: to mutilate a viper at 
b. ends, viperam u. praecidere, Plin.: 
Cic.: to b. places, in b. directions, utro- 
que, Cic.: Liv.: also im same sense 
utrébique: Cic.: Hor. 

both (conj.): 1, both. . . and 
(i) Gt. . . ét: DB. the pupil and the 
teacher, et discipulus et magister, Pl. 
(ii) ét . . qué: this has always been 
an honour b. to individuals and to com- 
munities, id et .singulis universisque 
semper honori fuit, Liv. (iii) quum 

. . tum: fortune has very great in- 
fluence b. over affairs generally an espe- 
cially in war, fortuna q..in reliquis re- 
bus, tum praecipue in bello plurimum 
potest, Caes.; Cic.(iv). tum. . . tum 
(N.B. Not tum . . . quum): Db. ele- 
gant, and also full of strength, tum 
elegans, tum fortissimum, Quint. (But 
in Cie. probably always of what is done 
at successive times.) (Vv). qua... 
qua (only with ref. to place): ivy 
clothes everything, b. the lower part of 
the villa and the spaces between the pil- 
lars, omnia convestit hedera qua basim 
villae, qua intercolumnia, Cic.; Plin, 
(vi). simil . . . simiil (i.e. at one and 
the same time): they came to him to the 
camp, b. to excuse themselves,and tha. 
they might obtain their request about the 
truce, ad eum in castra venerunt, Ss. sui 
purgandi causa, s. ut de induciis impet- 
rarent, Caes.: Liv. both. 
and not: (i) et . . . néqiie (mec): 
Vv. NOTONLY. . . BUT ALSO. (fi) &t 
. . .&t ndn (where a single word is 
qualified by the negative): thts will b. 
be very agreeable tu me, and not very 
much out of the way for you, id et nobis 
erit perjucundum et tibi non sane de- 
vium, Cic. See L. G. § 568. 

bother (v.): v. TO TEAZE, ANNOY. 

bots: ascarides, um, f.: M. L. 

bottle (subs.): |. A vessel for 
holding liquids: 1, ampulla: a b. 
covered with leather, a. rubida, Pl.: 
Cic. : an oil-b., am. olearia: a dealer in 
or maker of b.s, ampullarius, Pl. 2. 
ligéna (with handles=jlagon, q. v.): the 
b.s were emptied, 1. exsiccatae sunt, 
Cic.: Hor.: the neck of a b., cervix 
lagenae, A small b. of the kind: la- 
gunciila: Plin.. Col. |]. 4A bundle 
or truss (of hay): feni fascis (2): v. 
BUNDLE. 

bottle (v.): Phr.: tob. wine from 
the cass, vinum de doliis diffundere, 
Col.: Hor.; *in ampullas infundere. 

bottom (subs.): |. The lowest 
part : j, fundus: the b. of a chest, 
armarii f., Cic.: Nereus stirs up the sea 
from the b., Nereus ciet aequora fundo, 
Virg. 9. sdlum (only where the 
bottom is formed by the ground): the 
b. of a trench, fossae s Caes.: the b. 
of a pond, s. stagni, Ov. 3. imus 
(adj. usu. agr. with word corresp. to 
the Eng. word dependent on “ bottom” : 
see L. G. 342): at the b. of an oak, 
ad imam quercum, Phredr.: at the b. of 
the car, in aure ima, Plin.: a hill gra- 
dually rising from the b., locus editus 
paulatim ab imo acclivis, Caes.: from 
the b. to the top,ab imo ad summum, 
Hor.: the b. of the sea, ima (pl.) marig 
Pliu. 4, infimus (used like imus): 
from the b. of an altar, ab infima ara, 








BOTTOM 





Vie.: at the b. of a hill, sub inf. colle, 
Jaes.: a hill gently rising from the b., 
sollis leniter ab infimo acclivis, Caes, 
Phr.: the net went to the b., abiit rete 
pessum, Pl.: many cities have sunk to 
the b. of the sea, multae per mare pes- 
sum subsedere urbes, Lucr.: in certain 
thannels the sea is so deep that no an- 
chors can find b., mare certis canali- 
bus ita profundum ut nullae ancorae 
sidant, Plin.: to send to the b.; v. TO 
sink: to understand a thing to the b., 


rem penitus intelligere, Cic.: v. THO- 
ROUGHLY, COMPLETELY. IL. ee 
ground: vallis: Vv. VALLEY. Hl. 


ship: q. Vv. IV. Foundation ; tees 
q.v. Phr.: he was at the b. of that 
plan, ejus consilii auctor fuit, Caes.: 
who will not believe that you have been 
at the b. of this? hoc quis non credat 
ab te esse ortum? Ter. V. Dregs: 


‘bottom (w): |. To found or rest 


upon: q.v. — |, 1% furnish with a 
bottom: Phr.: to b. a chest: *arma- 
rium fundoinstruere. ||], 7oexamine 
to the bottom, i. e. thoroughly: rem pe- 
nitus perspicere, cognoscere: v. TO 
STUDY. 

bottomless: 1. préfundus (not 


strictly without any bottom; but very 
deep, unfathomable): a b. and boundless 


sea, mare p. et immensum, Cic.: b. 
Chaos, p. Chaos, Val. Fl.: Virg. As 
subs., profundum, @ b. abyss, Virg. : Ov 


More precisely, 2, fundo carens: 
river, amnis f. carens, Plin. Phr.: 
absolutely b. ocean, *mare prorsus i 
nita altitudine : v. DEPTH. 
bottomry;: Phr.: a contract of b., 
contractus trajecticius, Cod. Just.: money 
lent on b., pecunia trajecticia, Ulp.: 
Papin. : pecunia nautica, Scaev. Dig. : in- 
terest payable on b., fenus nauticum, 
Dig.: nautica usura, Dig. 
Cie.: Virg. 


bough: 1, ramus: 
he frons, dis, f. (a leafy b.): Cic.- 
Hor.: v. BRANCH. 
bougie: *virga céréa: M. L. 
der: saxum magnum ac teres. 
ulevard: VY. SUBURB, STREET. 
bounce (v.) |. To ee salio, 
exsilio, 4. I], 7» boast: 
et (adj. a v. foe landons 
bound (subs.) , A physical limit: 
vy. BOUNDARY. i: A moral limit : 
1, finis, is, m. and f. (usu. m.): 
there are fixed b.s (of right and wrong), 
sunt certi f., Hor.. Cic.. to live within 
the b.s of nature, intra naturae f. vivere, 
Hor. 2. modus: to set some b.s and 
limits toa sprech, m. aliquem et finem 
orationi facere, Cic.: to put bs to 
mourning, modum lugendi facere, Cic. : 
Hor. : to overstep the b.s (of propriety), 
finem et m. transire, Cic.: to keep with- 
wn b.s in our sport, ludendi modum re- 
tinere, Cic. , terminus: we must 
settle what are the limits in friendship, 
and as it were the b.s of love, constitu- 
endi sunt qui sint in amicitia fines et 
quasi t. diligendi, Cic.: v.Limit. Phr. : 
appetites which exceed due b.s, appetitus 
qui longius evagantur; non satisa ra- 
tione retinentur, Cic. Ill. 4 leap, 


1. 

continéo, Wi, tentum, 2: they are b.d 
on every side by the nuture of ther 
country, undique loci natura continentur, 
Caes.: the Helvetii are bd on one side 
by the river Rhine, H. una ex parte 
flumine Rheno continentur, Caes. a: 
finio, 4: the tongue is placed in the 
mouth, b.’d by the teeth, in ore sita lin- 
gua est, finita dentibus, ‘Cic.: Ov. 
définio, 4: olive trees b. the farthest 
part of the farm, fundi extremam par- 
tem oleae d., Cic. 4, termino, 1 
the sea b.s all lands, mare terras t. 
omnes, Lucr.: olive trees b..d the place, 
locum oleae terminahant, Cic.: to b. 
glory by the same limits as life, iisdem 
finibus gloriam quibus vitam t., Cic. 
5, ambio, 4 (only of a boundary 
which winds round ; as a river, etc.): on 
the other sides Germany is b.d by the 
Ocean cetera Oceanus ambit, Vac.: v. 





BOVINE BOWL 
TOeNCcIRCLE. (To be b.'d in geog. sense bow (”.): A. Trans, To 
may also be expr. by separari, as Gers | bend: flecto, inclino: to ce q. vy 


mania a Gallis . » Rheno (flumine] 
separatur, Tac.). B, Intrans.: salio, 
exsilio, 4: V. TO LEAP, SPRING. 

bound (adj.).: Phr.: the ship is b. 


Sor Greece, *navis in Graeciam tendit : 


we are b. for Latium, tendimus in La- 
tium, Virg.: the ships vere wind-b., 
naves vento tenebantur, Caes.: we were 
ice-b., *glacie retenti sumus. 

boundary: J, finis, is, m. (also 
sometimes f.): the b of an empire, f. 
imperii, Sall.: the b. of a province, f. 
provinciae, Liv.: our neighbours are at 
variance about their b.s, vicini nostri 
ambigunt de finibus, Ter.: to extend 
one’s 6.8, fines proferre, Cic.: v. TERRI- 
ToRIES. Q, limes, itis, m. (esp. a for- 
tified b. or b.-wall): to divide a plain by 
a b., partiri limite campum, Virg.: to ad- 
vance the b., 1. agere, Tac.. Vell. 3 
terminus~ a dispute about b.s, contentio 
de terminis, Cic.: the b.s of estates, pos- 
sessionum termini,Cic. 4, confinium: 
(a mutaal b.): Caes.: Tac. Phr.: the 
extreme b. of the world, extrema ora et 
determinatio mundi, Cic.: a fixing of 
b.s, terminatio, Inscr.: a marker of b.s, 
métator, Cic.: the god of bs, Terminus; 
his festival, Terminalia: vy. Dict, Aut. 
S. V. 

boundary (adj.): 1, terminalis. 
e: b. stones, t. lapides, Amm. ZA, 
limitanéus (see BOUNDARY, 2). 6. lands, 
agri 1., Cod. Theod.: 6. troops, milites 1, 
Cod. Theod. 

bounden: débitus: a b. duty, d 
officium, Cic. Phr.: it ts our b. duty, 
omnino oportet nos, debemus: v. IT BE- 
HOVES. 

boundless: 1, infinitus: a b. 
empire, in. imperium, Cic. 2. pro- 
fundus (v. BOTTOMLESS) : 6. (i. e. insati- 
able) lusts, p. libidines, Cic.: b. avarice, 
p. avaritia, Sall.: v. INFINITE. 

boundlessness: v. INFINITY. 

bounteous: Vv. BOUNTIFUL. 

bounteously: v. BOUNTIFULLY, LI- 
BERALLY. 

bountiful: 1, bénignus: those 
who wish to be more b. than their means 
allow, are wrong, qui benigniores esse 
volunt quam res patitur, peccant, Cic. 


Vv. GENEROUS. . largus: Cic.: b. in 
disposition, largus animo, Tac. : v. PLEN- 
TIFUL, LIBERAL. 3. plénus (poet.): 


b. horn, p. cornu, Hor. 

bountifully: 1, bénigné: to sup- 
ply money b., b. pecuniam praebere, PL. : 
Cic. Q, large: to give b., large dare, 
Cic.: Hor. v. GENEROUSLY, LIBERALLY. 

bountifulness: bénignitas: the 0. 
of nature, b. naturae, Cic. 

bounty: |, Liberality: 1, lar- 
gitas. Ter.. the earth pours forth its 
produce with the greatest b., terra fruges 
cum maxima I. fundit, Cic.: v. LIBE- 


RALITY. 2. bénignitas, libéralitas. 
V. GENEROSITY. I]. A premium, re- 
ward: , praemium: to prevail upon 


any one by b.s and promises, alicui p. 
pollicitationibusque persuadere, Caes. : 
Cic. 2. auctOramentum: a b. for 
retired gladiators (to induce them to 
appear again in the arena), rudiariis a., 
Suet. 
bouquet: — |, A bunch of flowers: 
V. NOSEGAY. . The perfume of wine: 
1, flds, floris, m.: the b. of wine, 
flos Liberi, Pacuv.: the 6. of old wire, 
flos veteris vini, Pl. 2. ddor, Oris: 
Pl.: Phaedr. 
bourgeon: fléreo: v. TO BUD, sPROUT. 


pbourn: V. BOUND, LIMIT. 
bout: ], certamen, inis, n.: a 
drinking-b., vini c., Tib. 3, 6, 11: they 


have a b. at quoits, ineunt certamina 
disci, Ov. M. to, 177. (Similarly with 
verb, tt is no pleasure [to me] to join in 
drinking-b.s, nec juvat certare mero, 
Hor.) 2, comissatio (a drinking-bout ; 
a revel, q. v.)* to spend one’s leisure in 
banquets and drinkwng-b.s, conviviis c. 
que otium terere, Liv.: Cic. v. REVEL- 


LING. 
bovine: 1, biibiilus: Varr.: Col. 
2. bovinus. Theod, Prisc. 





I]. To lower by bending, esp. in token 
of respect : 1, démitto, misi, missum, 
3: to b. one’s head (in "order to pass 
under an archway), caput d., Cic.: of 
drooping flowers, Ov. (comp. the phr. 
fasces demittere, to lower the fasces in 
token of submission, Cic.). 2. sub- 
mitto, 3: b.ing their heads they entered 
the low gateway, summisso humiles in- 


trarunt vertice postes, Ov.: to b. as do 
girls, curtsey, *genua flexa s. (Georg.). 
8, inclino, 1: v. TO BEND. 


Ill. 

To depress, subdue (q.v.): submitto, 3: 
to b. one’s spirits to misfortunes, ad 
calaniitates animos s., Liv.: to b. minds 
to love, animos amori s., Virg.: Vv. To 
SUBJECT. B, Intrans.: Vo lower 
the head or incline the person: esp. in 
token of respect or submission: Phr.: 
I b. to your potent wisdom (lit. yield 
the hands to be bound, in token of 
defeat), efficaci do manus sapientiae, 

r.: Caes.: to take off one’s hat and 
b. to any one, caput revelare et salutare 
acclinem, Arnob. 7, p. 221: (but this 
does not appear to have been a usual 
mode of respectful salutation, not being 
mentioned by Cic. where we might have 
expected to find it, de Sen. 18,63: q.v.): 
to b. to any ome, aliquem summisso 
capite salutare: v. sup. II. (1, 2 

bow (verb. subs.): Phr.: to entera 
house unth a b., domum summisso capite 
(honoris causa) intrare: to make a b. to 
any one: V. TO BOW (jin.). But gene- 
rally salutatio may be used as the Latin 
correlative to the Eng. word: v. SALU- 
TATION. 

bow (subs.): |, An instrument for 
discharging arrows : 1, arcus, ts: 
to bend a b. against any one, a. in ali- 
quem intendere, Cic.; tendere, Hor. ; 
dirigere, Pers.; lunare, Ov.: a bent b., 
a. adductus, Virg.: an unbent b., a. 
remissus, Hor. Phr.: a@ manufactory 
of b.s, fabrica arcuaria, Veg.: a b.-maker, 
arcnarius, Dig. 2. cornu, n. (poet. : 
lit. a horn): to discharge arrows from 
@ Parthian b., Partho torquere c. spi- 
cula, Virg. Ov. Prov.: to have two 
strings to your b., duplici spe utier, i.e. 
uti, Ter. Phor. 4, 2, 13. [|]. Anything 
shaped like a bow, or curved: arcus: @ 
harbour curved toa. b. , portus curvatus in 
arcum, Virg. : Ov.. v. ARCH. M1. 4 
musician's b.: (not plectrnm, which was 
a small quill or stic’c used tor striking 
the strings of a lyre): arcus, with some 
such word as fidium or *violinarius un- 
derstood: Vv. FIDDLE-STICK. IV. A 
tie of ribbon, etc.: *fasciolae plexus s. 
nexus. (or perhaps nodus, cf. Virg. Ecl. 


: arciténens, entis, Ov. 
. curvus: b. limbs, c. 
b. old age, c. senecta, Ov. 
a b. statue, in. 


bowe 
membra, Ov.: 
9, incurvus: Ter-.: 
statua, Cic. 
bow-legged: 1. valgus: PL: Cels. 
9. vatius: Varr. 
bowman:;: sagittarius: Caes.: Cic. 
bowels: |, The intestines of an 
animal: J, alvus,i,/.: a purging of 
the b., purgatio alvi, ’Cic. : to relieve the 
b., a. exonerare, Plin.: to confine the b., 
a. "astringere, cuhibere, comprimere, etc., 


oe 2, pantices, um, m. (comicé)- 
: Mart. 3. venter, tris, m. (prop. 
He stomach) : Col.: Plin. 4. viscéra, 


um (including all the txterior parts): 


Cels.: Ov.: v. INTESTINES. Il. The 
eed of anything : visetra, um: the 
b. of the earth, v. terrae, Ov.: the b. of 


Mount Etna, v. Montis ‘Aetnae, Virg.: 
in the veins and b. of the republic, in 
venis atque in v. reipublicae, Cic. | [f, 


Fig.: of emotion: v. PITY, COMPASSION, 
HEART. : 
bower: 1, trichila: a cool b. with 


shady reeds, t. umbriferis frigida arun- 
dinibus, Virg. Cop.: Col. 2. umbra- 
citlum : the ptiant vines twine into b.s, 
lentae texunt umbracula vites, Virg.: 
Varr.. Cic. 3, umbra. a secret b, 
secreta u., Prop. 

bow] (subs.): 1, crater, éris, m. 


89 


BOWL 


(a large b. for mixing): Virg.: Ov. 
Q, cra‘éra (=crater): Cic.: Hor. 
3, patéra (a flat, open b., used esp. 
in sacrifices): Cic.: Hor.: v. CP, GOBLET. 
Phr.: the b. of a spoon, cava pars coch- 
learis. 
bow] (".): i.e. to roll a ball or round 
body forcibly along: v. TO ROLL, HURL. 
Phr.: to 6. well, *scite globulum inten- 
dere (?) 
bowler: expr. by verb: v. TO BOWL. 
bow-line; (?) funis veli orae an- 
nexus. 
bowling-green: locus planus et 
herbidus ad globulis ludendum aptus, 
bowls: *glubuli lusorii. 
bows (of a ship): prora: v. PROW. 
bowsvrit; *malus proralis: (Kr. 
and Georg.). 
bowstring: nervus: a supply of 
b.é (incliding strings for catapults, etc.), 
copia nervorum, Veg. 
box (subs. |p) Alchestete=: = 15 
arca (intended for keeping things out of 
the reach of others: arceo): a large b. 
full of poisons, a. ingens venenorum 
plena, Suet.: a@ small b. or chest, arciila: 
Cic. 2, capsa (esp. for books): Hor. : 
a small b. of the kind, capsiila: Cat.: 
Plin. 8, cista (for clothes, money, 
etc.): Cic.: Hor.: cistiila, cistella, cis- 
tellila (denoting small b.s of the kind). 
4, scrinium (for papers, etc.; @ 
writing-desk:): Hor. §, alabaster, tri, 
m. (for perfumes: V. ALABASTER): Cic.: 
(also alabastrum, or -tra: Mart.). 6, 
pyxis, idis, /. (a small b. for medicines, 
etc.): a small b. of poison, p. veneni, 
Cie. : a gold b., aurea p., Suet. Il, An 
enclosed seat in the theatre: *sedes in 
podio theatri clausa, secreta. HW. Zhe 
front seat on a coach, *sedes anterior 
currus (?). 
box, 2 shrub: buxus, i, f.: the b. 
thick with leaves, b. densa foliis, Ov. 
Phr.: a plantation of b., buxétum, 
Mart.: a mould made of 6. “uxea 
forma, Col.: 6.-wood polished bs the 
lathe, torno rasile buxum, Virg. 
box, @ blow with the hand: iL 
alapa: to give any one a smart b. on the 
ear, alicui gravem ducere a., Phaedr. : 
Juv. Q. célaphus (with the jist): v. 
BLOW. Alapa, is a blow with the flat 
hand (‘a slap’), hence less severe than 
colaphus. 
box (v.): |. Zo give a b. on the 
ear, etc.: V. BOX (sus.). I]. Zo fight 
with the fists: 1, pugnis certare: 
Cie. 9. pigilor, 1: Apul. 
boxer: pigil, is: Ter.: Cic.: Hor. 
boxing, boxing-match: — |, pia- 
gilatio: Cic. plgilatus, tis: Pl. : 
Plin. (Pugna may also be applied to a 
boxing-match, cf. Virg. A. 5, 365.) 
Phr.: famed (Pollux) for prowess in b., 
superare pugnis nobilis, Hor. 


boxing-glove: caestus, tis: Cic.: 
Virg. 
boy: 1, puér, éri @ male child; 


a lad; also a slave): provide a nurse 
for the b., puero nutricem para, Ter. : 
the b. Ascanius, p. Ascanius, Virg.: the 
dinner is served by three b.s (slaves), coe- 
na ministratur p. tribus, Hor. Dimin., 
puérilus, a little b.: Cic. 2. pusio, 
Onis, m. (a little fellow : sometimes with 
an imputation of unchastity: cf. Juv. 
6, 34): Cic. 3, pupus: v. Bay, 
INFANT. Dimin., pupilus, a little boy : 
Cat. Phr.: @ bit of ab., frustum pueri, 
fa to become a boy again, répiérascére, 

c. 

boyhood: 1, puéritia (v. cHTILD- 
HOOD): to keep the tenor of one’s life 
trom b., vitae cursum a p. tenere, Cic. : 
Sall. Q. aetas piérilis: Cic. Phr.: 
we were devoted to these pursuits from 
b., his artibus a pueris dediti sumus, 
Cic.: I have known the man from b., 
hominem a puero cognovi, Cic. 

boyish; piérilis, e: that was done 
with mavly spirit, b. judgment, acta 
illa res est animo virili, consilio p., Cic. : 
b. wishes, p. vota, Ov.: V. CHILDISH. 

boyishly: puériliter: I’l.: Cic. 

brace (subs.): |. A support (in 
architecture) : 1, fibiila: the beams 

go 








BRAKE 


BRAND 





were kept apart by a pair of b.s on each 
side, trabes binis utrimque f. distineban- 
tur, Caes. 2. citéna: Cato: Vitr. 
Il. A fastening, bandage: q. v. 
II]. A strap to support anything : 
fascia: trouser b.s, *fasciae braccarum : 
a bed-b., f. lecti cubicularis, Cic.: v. 
STRAP, GIRTH. IV. Naut. t. t.: ap- 
plied to the ropes by hich the sailyard 
was turned: Spitérae (Wrépac): Isid. (v. 
Dict. Ant. p. 791 4). V. A pair (of 
birds that are game): Phr.: a b. of 
partridges, bina capita perdicum: six b. 
of pheasants, duodena capita phasianina. 
brace (v.): |. To tighten, stretch : 
q.v.: ligo, alligo. []. Zo strengthen : 
1, firmo, 1: they wished the bodies 
of young men to be b.d by labour, cor- 
pora Juvenum firmari labore voluerunt, 
Cic.: to b. the nerves, nervos f., Caes. 
9, astringo, nxi, ctum, 3: ¢o b. the 
relaxed body, remissum corpus as., 
Mart.: Plin. 
bracelet: 1, armilla: Pl: Liv. 
(Hence, wearing a b., armillatus, Suet.) 
2. brachiale, is, n.: Plin. oF 
spinther, éris, n.: Pl. 
bracket (subs.): |. A support: 
mittilus: Varr.: Vitr. Il. in pl.: 
marks used to separate words, etc., in 
writing : unci: to inclose words in b.s, 
*verba uncis s, uncinis includere. 
bracket (v.): v. BRACKET, subst. (IL.). 
brackish: 1, subsalsus: b. water, 
s. aqua, Cels. 2. amarus (ace. to the 
etymologists having ref. originally to 
the taste of salt-water): Virg.: Ov.: v. 
SALT, BRINY. 
brackishness; salsitido, ov salsigo: 
Vitr.: Plin. 
brad (a kind of natl): claviilus: Cat. 
brad-awl: térebra: v. BORER, 
GIMLET. 
brag: glorior: v. TO BOAST. 
braggadocio: } 
braggart: Cic. 2. jactator: 
Quint. : Suet.: v. BOASTER. Phr.: to play 
the b., militem gloriosum imitari, Cic. 
(with allusion to the play of Plautus). 
bragging (adj.): gloridsus: v. 
BOASTING. 


bragging (subs.): ostentatio sui, jac- | 


tantia sui: V. BOASTING, BOAST, 


Brachmanes, um (prob. only found in 
pl.): Strab.: Tert. (cf. Plin. 6, 3, 21, 


Jjin.). Curt. speaks of the B.s simply as 


Sapientes (8,9). The sing. may be expr. 
by Brachmannicus vir: or by unus ex 
Brachmannis. 

brahminical;: *brachmannicus. 

braid (v.): |. Yo plait, weave: 
q. V.: necto, plecto. ||. 70 border or 
adorn with braid : limbo (?) praetexere, 
ornare: v.TO BORDER. Phr.: a cloak 
6.’d with a border of gold (lace), chlamys 
quam limbus obibat aureus, Ov. 

braid (svbs.): 1, limbus (an orna- 
mental border or braid): v. TO BRAID 
dL). 2. gradus, iis (of hair, arranged 
like steps): Quint.: Suet. 3. spira 
(of hair): Plin.: Val. Flac.: v, PLAIT. 

brain (subs.): |. The organ of 
the mind : 1, cérébrum : some have 
said that in the b. is the seat of the soul, 
nonnulli in c. dixerunt animi esse sedem, 
Cic.: Cels. 2. cérebellum (small b.: 
esp. of inferior animals): Cels. [In mo- 
dern anatomy the term cerebrum de- 
notes the brain proper, and cerebellum 
that portion of the nervous mass which 
occupies the inferior occipital fossae ; but 
the words are not so distinguished in 
classical writers ; and the English word 
brain designates the whole of the nerv- 
ous matter situated in the head.] Il. 
Meton. for sense: cor, cordis, . (heart) : 
to have no 6.s, c. non habere, Cic.: v. 
SENSE. 

brain (v.): alicui cerebrum (lapide, 
clava, etc.) excutere, alicui caput elidere, 
Pl ; (also simply aliquem elidere, Curt. 
9, 7). 

brainless: socors, stolidus: v. SENSE- 
LESS, STUPID. 

brake: |. A kind of fern: *ptéris 
aquilina: Linn.: v. FERN. il. 4 
thicket : dimétum. 


1, salaco, Gnis: | 





brake: }, A machine for pre- 
paring hemp (or fiax), *instvumentum 
ad cannabim decorticandam (cf. Plin. 





19, 56). I]. 4A sharp bit: frénum 
lupatum : v. BIT. 
bramble: 1, damus (of any kind 


of rough bush): rough b.s, horrentes d, 
Virg.: Cic.: v. BUSH. 2. ribus (the 
common b., or blackberry bush): rouge 
b.s, borrentes r., Virg.: prickly b.s, 
hamati r., Tib.; hirsuti r., Prop. Hence, 
a b-thicket, rubétum: Ov. (Linnaean 
name ot the common b. is rubus fruti- 
cosus.) 3, sentis, is, m.: Caes.: Virg.- 
Vv. THORN. 4, vepris, is, m. (usu. pl. : 
applied to any kind of rough, thorny 


bush): Cic. Hor. Hence, veprétum, a 
b.-thicket, Col. 
brambly; 1. diumosus (i. e. over- 


grown with bushes or b.s): Virg.: Ov. 
9. sentdsus: v. THORNY. 

bran: furfur, tris, m.: Pl.. Plin 
Phr.: bread made of b., panis furfiréus, 
Gell.: jive b., tarfaricilae, arum: Marc. 
Emp.: 0.-like, furfirdsus, furftiraceus- 
Plin. 

branch (subs.) : |. 4 limb of a 
tree: ], ramus: the b.s of a tree, 
arboris r., Lucr.: to break off a 6. 0/ 
a tree, r. arboris defringere, Cic.: the 
oak stretches out its strong b.s and arms 
widely, aesculus fortes late r. et brachia 
tendit, Virg.: leafy b.s, r. frondentes. 
Virg. Fig.: to lop off the b.s of unhap- 
piness, Yr. amputare miseriarum, Cic 
Dimin.: ramulus, a small b., Cic. 3 also. 
ramusculus. Hier. 2. frons, dis, 7. 
(a 6. with leaves): a b. of oak, f. quernea, 
Cato: to apply the pruning-knife to 
young b.s, t. teneris falcem adhibere, 
Quint.: Cic.: v. FOLIAGE. 3. bra- 
chium (poet.); the b.s of an oak, Db. 
quercus, Cat.: Virg. I]. Anything 
analogous to a bough: 1, ramus: 
(a). of horns: from the top of the horn 
b.s spread out, ab cornus summo r. dif- 
funduntur, Caes,: (0). of mountains: 
mount Cambalidus is a b. of the Cau- 


| casus, mons Cambalidus est Caucasi r., 


Plin.: (¢). of a member of a family: 
a b. from a Tuscan stem, stemmate 
Tusco r., Pers. 2. brachium: (a). of 


| mountains: the Taurus sends of b.s, 
brahmins;: Brachmannae, arum, and | 





Taurus b. emittit, Plin.: (6). of the 
sea: V. ARM. Il. A part, division: 
q. V.: génus, éris, n.: Cic. Phr.: b.s of 
learning, doctrinae, id. 

branch (v.): ‘J, To shoot or spread 
in branches. Phr.: the tree has 6.’ to 
the sky, exiit ad coelum ramis arbos, 
Virg.: the oak 6.’s out, quercus ramos 
tendit, Virg. Il. Zo separate into 
parts : 1, dividor, divisus, 3: the 
Fibrenus b.’s into two parts, Fibrenus in 
duas partes dividitur, Cic. 2. scindo, 
scidi, scissum, 3 (with pron. reflect., or 
as v. reflect.): the family of both b.'s off 
Jrom a single progenitor, genus ambo- 
Tum s. se sanguine ab uno, Virg.: the 
physical part of philosophy b.’s into two 
parts, naturalis pars philosophiae in duo 
scinditur, Sen. 3. diffundor, fiisus, 
3: the nation b.’s out through Latium, 
d. gens per Latium, Virg. 

branching, branchy: 1, ramo- 
sus: a b. tree, r. arbor, Luer.: the 6b. 
horns of a stag, r. cornua cervi, Virg. 

Q. patiilus (i. e. with wide-spreading 

branches): a b. tree, p. arbor, Ov.: Virg. 

brand (subs.) : |. A burning or 
burnt piece of wood: torris Vv. FIRE- 
BRAND. ||, 4 mark made by burning: 

1, n6ta (prop. of the censor’s mark 

of disgrace): Virg.: Suet. 2. stigma, 
atis, n. (a mark, usually consisting of 
a letter or letters, branded upon slaves, 
especially runaways): to put a b. upon 
any one, alicui stigmata imponere, Vitr. ; 
alicujus fronti stigmata imprimere, Petr. 
Also of any mark of disgrace, aliquem 
stigmate notare, Mart. Phr.: @ 6. on 
the forehead, trontis inscriptio, Petr.: v. 
MARK, STIGMA. [|], 4 sword: q. v. 

brand (v.): 1, iniro, ussi, ustum, 
3 (with acc. and dat.): they b. the calves, 
vitulis notas inurunt, Virg.. to b. a 
stain upon the Claudian gens, maculam 
Claudiae genti in., Liv. Cic. 2, stlg- 





BRANDED 





Mata imponere, imprimere: v. BRAND 
(subs.). 3. nto, 1- to b. a man (as 
a thief, etc.) with no little freedom, ali- 
quem multa cum libertate n., Hor. 4, 
literam ad caput affigere: Cic. 
branded: litératus: a b. slave, 1. 
servus, Pl. (= stigmatias, Cic.). 
branding-iron: _ 1. cautér, éris, 


m.: Pall. 2, cautérium: Plin. 
brandish : 1, vibro, 1: to b. 
spears, hastas v., Cic.: Claud. 2. 


corusco, 1 (puet.): they b. two javelins 


in the hand, duo coruscant gaesa manu, | 


Virg. 3, crispo, 1 (poet.). to b. jave- 
lins, hastilia c., Virg. 
brandy: 1, *aqua vitae: M. L. 
2. *vinum igne vaporatum et stil- 
latum: M.L. 8, *aqua fortis (Quich.). 
4, *vinum adustum, sublimatum 
(Kr). 5, *vinispiritus. 6, *Spiritus 
Gallicus, or Spiritus Vini Gallici (name 
in the Pharmacopeia). 
brank -ursine: acanthus: Virg. 
in. 
brasier (@ pan for coals) : 
ay PL: Liv. 2, batillum (prunae) : 
or. 


brass: Orichalcum: Cic.- Hor. (v. | 


Dict. Ant. p. 845). In a general and 
loose sense it may be represented by 
the Latin words which strictly refer to 
BRONZE: q. V. 

brassy: V. BRAZEN. 

brat: infans: v. cHILp. 

bravado: vv. BOAST, DEFIANCE. 
Phr.: he said this out of b., *hoc fecit 
per speciem periculi contemnendi. 

brave (v.): Vv. TO DEFY, DISREGARD, 
ENDURE. Phr.: to b. a mortal danger, 
periculum capitis adire, Cic.: to 6. the 
risk of losing one’s life in defence of 
any one, in vitae discrimen pro aliquo 
se inferre, Cic.: v. TO FACE. 

brave (adj.): |. Courageous . 

1, fortis, e (opposed to ignavus): 

fortune favours the b., fortes fortuna 
adjuvat, Ter. : the Belgae ave the bravest, 
fortissimi sunt Belgae, Caes.- a man b. 
in dangers, vir ad pericula f., Cic.: b. in 
handling serpents, f. tractare serpentes, 
Hor.. a b. deed, f. factum, Caes.: a b. 
and manly speech, oratio f. et virilis, 
Cic.. a b. breast, f. pectus, Hor. oe 
bonus (rare, and usu. opposed to igna- 
vus): the b. and the covardly, b. atque 
ignavi, Sall.: all the bravest, optumus 
quisque, Sall 3. animosus: v. covu- 
RAGEOUS, FEARLESS. 4, strénuns: v. 
Vigorous. (Fortis is stronger than 
strenuus: Cic. says “si minus fortis, 


attamen strenuus,” if not brave, yet at | 


any rate alert.) Join: fortis et ani- 
mosus; vir fortis et acris magnique 
animi: fortis animus et magnus: oratio 
fortis, acris, vehemens: Cic. ||, Gal- 
lant, magnificent, excellent : q. v. 

bravely: 1, fortiter: to sustain 
an attack b., impetum f. sustinere, 
Caes.: Cic.: Hor.: very b., perfortiter- 
Ter. 2. acriter: to sight b. (with 
vigour, Ieenness), a, pugnare, Cic.: to 
fight very b., acerrime rem gerere, Sall. 

8. animdsé. v. cocukaGEOUSLY 
4, strénié: v. VIGOROUSLY, EXCEL- 

LENTLY. 

bravery: |. Courage: 1, for- 
titudo. renmen for war and b., gloria 
belli atque f, Caes.: the b. of the Ger- 
mans, f. Germanorum, Quint. PA 
virtus, Utis, f.: the Helvetii surpass the 
toher Gauls in b., Helvetii reliquos 
Gallos virtute praecedunt, Caes.. Cic. 
Hor.: Vv. VALOUR, INTREPIDITY. ll. 
splendour, finery, magnificence : q. Vv. 

bravo (subs.): sicdrius: Cic.: Hor.. 
Y. ASSASSIN. 


bravo (in/erject.): i enw hl: 
Ter. Q, eugé: Pl: Ter. 3. évax: 
Pi; 4, macté (sing.), macti (piu), 


either alone or with virtute esto ov este - 
Cic. Hor. 5, sdphos (expression of 
admiration during a reading): Juv. 

brawl (v.): rixor, 1. Lucr.: Cic. 
V. TO WRANGLE, QUARREL. 

brawl (subs.). 1, rixa: the b. was 
appeased, rixa sedata est, Liv.: v. FRAY 

Q, turba (any kind of disturbance) : 

Ter.: Cic.: v. WRANGLING, QUARREL. 


1. focii-— 


BREACH 





brawler: rixator- Quint. 
brawling (a4j.): v. QUARRELSOMF. 
A b. advocate, rabiila: Cic. 
brawn: |, Boar’s flesh: a Le 
callum aprugnum: PI. 2. (caro) 
aprugna: Capit. Max. I]. fuscle : 
lacertus, t6rus: v. MUSCLE. 
| brawny: 1, lacertésus: b. centu- 
| rions, \. centuriones, Cic.- Ov. 75 
tordsus: the b. nechs of ozen, t. colla 
boum, Ov.: v. MUSCULAR 
bray (v.): |. Zo pound (q. v) 
contundo, tidi, tusum, 3- to b. rools 
| with won pestles, radices ferreis pilis c.., 


| Col. It. To emit a hoarse noise : 
| rudo, ivi, itum, 3 the ass b.s, r. asellus, 
| Ov.: Pers. Phr.. some orators now-a- 


days b. instead of speaking, latrant jam 
quidam oratores, non loquuntur, Cic. 
the clarions 6., litui strepunt, Hor.. the 
horns hoarsely b/d, strepuerunt rauco 
cornua cantu, Virg. 
| bray, braving (subs.) : I Lert: 
of asses: ruditus, us. Apul. I. of 
any harsh sound: strépitus, is: v. 
DIN. 

braying: contiisio: v. POUNDING. 

brazen: |. Made of brass. (The 
| foll. words may be employed, although 
Strictly referring to bronze) 1, 4énéus 
or ahénéus: a 6. tablet. a tabula, Cic.: 
the b. age, a. proles, Ov 2, dénus 
or ahenus (poet.): b. pruning-hooks, a. 
falces, Lucr.: Virg.: Hor. 3, aeréus- 
b. horns, a. cornua, Virg.: Plin. 4, 
aeratus (fitted with b.): couches with 
b. feet, lecti aerati, Cic.: v. BRONZE. 

Il. Shameless : impitidens, impiid- 

entissimus: Cic. Phr.: a b.-faced per- 
son, os durum, Ter.; os durissimum, 
Cic.; duri puer oris et audax, Ov.; os 
impiidens, Ter.: you are a 6.-faced fel- 
low, os perfricuisti, Cic.: V. BOLD-FACED, 
IMPUDENT. 

brazen-faced: v. BRAZEN (Jin.). _ 

brazen-footed: 1, aénipes, pédis: 

v. 2. aeripes, pédis: Virg.: Ov. 

brazier: faber aerarius, or simply, 
aerarius: Plin. 

brazil-wood: *Brasilia, old name 
for the genus Caesalpina, 

breach: _ |, Lit.: a@ break, gap, 
rent: q.v. Esp. an opening made in 
Sortifications by battering : nearest word, 
Tiina, or pl. ruinae: bodies of armed 
men were marching into the city through 
an opening afforded by the b., per pat- 
entia ruinis agmina armatorum in urbem 


taken, captum est oppidum ea r., Liv. : 
the arnues were drawn up between the 
b. in the wall and the buildings of the 
city, acies inter ruinas muri tectaque 
urbis constiterant, Liv.: the townspeople 
were building a new wall at the part 
where the town was exposed by the b., 
oppidani novum murum ab ea parte qua 
patefactum oppidum ruinis erat, reficie- 
bant, Liv. Phr.: he made a small b. 
wm the wall with thice battering-vams, 
tribus arietibus aliquantulum muri dis- 
cussit, Liv.: to make a 6.1m avall by 
means of violent strokes (of a ram), 
vehementibus plagis murum dejicere. 
Vitr. : murum subruere, destruere, Veg. - 
Vv. TO BATTER DOWN. Similarly of an 
opening made by an inundation in the 
banks of a river, etc.: the river over- 
Jloued and made a b. in the dyke, 
*flumen exundans aliquantum aggeris 
disjecit; aggerem perrupit. Il. Vio- 
lation: Phr.: Regulus preferred re- 
turning to punishment to being guilty 
of a b. of the promise made to the enemy, 





Regulus ad supplicium redire maluit 
quam fidem hosti datam fallere, Cic.. 
to commit a b. of promise, fidem fran- 
gere, Cic.; promissum non servare, Cic. ; 
promissis non stare, Cic.: to commit a 
b. of a treaty, foedus vivlare ov rumpere, 
Cic. ; contra foedus facere, Cic.. to com- 
mit a b. of friendship, amicitiam vio- 
lare, Cic.. a public b. of faith, publica 
fidei violatio, Vell.. these things in- 
volve a b. of faith, haec contra fidem 
fiunt, Cic.: trials respecting b. of trust, 
judicia de fide mala, Cic.. tv commit a 
b. of duty, officium deserere, Cic.; ab 





vadebant, Liv.: by that b. the town was | 


BREAK 


officio discedere, Cic.: Zeno placed cer- 
tain things between duty and b. of duty, 
Zeno inter officium et contra officium 
media locabat quaedam, Cic,. a b. of the 
peace: V. RIOT, ASSAULT. Ill. Sepa- 
ration, difference: 1, disjunctio: alien 
ation and b, between friends, alienatio 
d.que amicorum, Cic. Q. dissidium - 
| caie must be taken that no b.s take place 
bet een friends, danda opera est ne qua 
amicorum dissidia fiant, Cic. 
breach (v.): v. BREACH, subs. (I. fin.). 
bread: |. Baked food made of 
flour: 1. panis, is, m. (also used for 
a single loaf: q. v.): good, bad b., p. 
bonus, malus, Sen.: capital b., p. pul- 
cherrimous, Hor. ; second-iate b., p. secun- 
darius, Plin. (p. sectindus, Hor.); p. 
| cibarius, Cie. ; p. plebeius, Sen.: black 
(i. e. spoiled, mouldy) b., p. ater, Ter. ; 
) p. sordidus, Sen.. dry, hard b., p. siccus, 
durus, Sen.: yesterday's (stale) b., p. 
hesternus, Cels.; p. vetus, Piin.: the 
crumb of b., mollia panis, Plin.: the 
crust of 6., crusta panis, Plin.- leavened 
b., p. fermentatus, Cels.. unleavened b., 
p. sine fermento, Cels.: new b., *p., 
recens: to make b., panem facere, Plin.: 
to buke b., p. coquere, Plin.: nature 
requires (only) b. and water, panem 
et aquam natura desiderat, Sen. > 
Céres, éris, f. (poet.): Virg.: Hor. Il. 
Meton. for subsistence: victus, iis: one's 
daily 6., v. quotidianus, Cic.: to get 
one’s b., sibi victum quaerere, Phaedr.: 
V. LIVING. Phr.: to take any one’sb 
out of his mouth, aliquem ad famem 
rejicere, Ter. 
bread - basket: 


lin. 
bread-pan (for 
Plin. 





panarium: Suet. 
baking): clibanus 


bread-making: panificium. Varr 
bresd-nut: *brosimum alicastrum. 
bread-poultice: *catiplasma panis 
_breadfruit-tree: *artocarpus in- 


cisa. 
breadth: |. Dimension from side 
to side: \atitiido: the b. of a river, L 


fluminis, Caes.: in b., in latitudinem, 
Caes. : a line is length without b., linea 
| mentum est longitudo latitudine carens, 
Cic. Phr.. @ funger's b., digitus trans- 
versus, Cic.: @ nail’s b., unguis t., Cic.- 
| not to swerve a finger’s b. from any- 
| thing, digitum transversum non disced- 
| ere ab aliqua re, Cic.: same phrase 
without transversum in Cic.- see BROAD. 
I]. 4 portion of stuff composing a 
dress: plagila. Varr. Li]. Fig.: of 
extensiveness of view: also of broad ef- 
Jects in painting: Phr.: Ais writings 
show great b. of view, *scripta ejus 
longe lateque prospicientis animi sunt - 
his paintings have elegance but want b., 
*scite quidem atque venuste (eleganter), 
sed nimia quadam subtilitate pingit. 
break (v.) A, Trans.:_ |, 
To divide forcibly : 1. frango, frégi, 
| fractum, 3° the golden ring was broken, 
anulus aureus fractus est, Cic.: to b. a 
dish, patinam f., Hor.. to b. an arm, 
brachium f., Cic.: to 6. the necks of citi- 
zens, cervices civium f., Cic. 2. con- 
fringo, 3 (b. in pirces, q. v.3 6. com- 
pletely): to b. the fingers, digitos c., Cic. 
3. diffringo, 3 (tare)- to b. the legs 
(in several places), crura d, Pl. Suet. 
4. infringo, 3 (prop. to b. upon 
something; rare): lo 6. a pot about 
anyone's head, aulam in caput (alicui) 
in., Pl. (fr.). 5. perfringo, 3 (0. 
through or thoroughly): the stone hav- 
ing been broken, the lots sprang out, 
perfracto saxo sortes erupere, Cic 6. 
réfringo, 3 (to b. back or open): to b. 
off the point of a claw, mucronem un- 
guis r., Plin.: to b. off a bough (by 
bending it), ramum r., Virg.. v. To 
BREAK OPEN, 7. suffringo, 3 (to b. 
below; hence esp of the leys): to b. 
anyone’s shins, talos alicui s., Pl.: to 6. 
anyone's legs, crura alicuis.,Cic. Phr. 
to b. one’s head with a plank, caput tabula 
dirumpere, Pl. Ter.: the enemy broke 
ground before our camp, *hostes opera 
pro castris nostris facere instituerunt. 
he pointed out with broken and dying 


gr 





BREAK ASUNDER 


BREAK OFF 


BREAK UPON 


eee ee ee ee ee ee — ———— ee 


words how great a storm threatened 
the city, significabat interruptis atque 
morientibus vocibus quanta impenderet 
procella urbi, Cic. Il. Zo weaken, 
lessen the force of, subdue: 1, frango, 
3: I alone crushed and broke the auda- 
city of the brigand, ego unus contudi et 
fregi praedonis audaciam, Cic.: v. TO 
ENFEEBLE. 9. infringo, 3: to b. the 
spirits of the enemy, animos hostium 
inf., Liv.: that the first onset and vio- 
lence of the soldiers might be broken, ut 
primus incursus et vis militum infrin- 
geretur, Caes. 3. refringo, 3: to b. 
the force of a river, vim fluminis r., 
Caes.: to b. the Achivi, Achivos r., Hor. 
Phr.: ke is b.ing his heart with grief, 
moerore se conficit, Cic.: my son is 
b.ing my heart with care and anxiety, 
me cura et sollicitudine afficit gnatus, 
Ter.: to b. a fall, casum mitigare s. 
leviorem reddere: I broke your fall, *te 
cadentem excepi: the Suevi broke the 
power of the Ubii, Suevi Ubios multo 
humiliores infirmioresque redegerunt, 


Caes.: to b. a bank, argentariam dissol- | 


vere, Cic. II]. Zo violate, ufringe: 
1, frango, 3: to b. a treaty, foedus f., 
Cic.: to b. an engagement, fidem f., Cic. 
Hor.: v. BREACH (II.). 9, violo, 1: 
to b. treaties, foedera v., Liv.: to b. 
faith, fidem v., Ov.: v. TO VIOLATE. 
8. rumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3: 0 b. 
treaties, foedera r., Cic. IV. to stop, 
interrupt: v. TO BREAK OFF. Phr.: 
to b. silence, silentia voce rumpere, Ov. 
I have not yet broken my fast, fames 
adhuc mihi integra est (cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 
20): the maiden had broken her fast, 
jejunia virgo solverat, Ov.: to b. a per- 
son’s rest, aliquem ex somno excitare, 
Cic. B, Intrans.: |. To part, 
separate: this sense may gen. be trans- 
lated by the reflective forms of the 
Latin verbs given under (A.): e. g. the 
oars b., franguntur remi, Virg.: the 
treacherous sword b.s, perfidus ensis 
frangitur, Virg.: the black waterspout 
b.s, niger arcus aquarum frangitur, Ov. 
Phr.: my heart is b.ing, dirumpor do- 
lore, Cic. |, To open: v. TO BURST. 
Phr.: the cloud b.s, scindit se nubes, 
Virg. III. Zo become bankrupt: ra- 
tiones conturbare, Cic. IV. Zo decline 
in health and vigour: défloresco, ui, 3: 
you knew him when already b.ing, eum 
jam deflorescentem cognovisti, Cic. : 
Liv. Phr.: my strength is b.ing, me 
vires deficere incipiunt, Cic. V. Of 
daybreak: Phr.: day was b.-ing, dies 
appetebat, Caes.- day is already b.ing, 
luciscit hoc jam, Pl.: when day broke 
they were found dvrad, ut dies illuxit, 
mortui sunt reperti, Cic.: day was 
already breaking when the consul gave 
the signal, jam dilucescebat, quum sig- 
num consul dedit, Liv. 
break asunder or in sunder: 1. 
rumpo, rapi, ruptum, 3. o b. a bow as., 
arcum r., Phaedr.: to b. a keel as., cari- 
nam r., Ov.: v. TO BURST. 9. dif- 
fringo, 3: Vv. TO BREAK (I. 3). 
away: disjicio, dissipo: v. 
TO DISSOLVE, DISSIPATE. 
down: |.Trans.: 1,de- 
jicio, jéci, jectum. 3. to b down a tower 
(of a ballista), turrim d., Auct. B. Hisp 
Hor.: v. TO OVERTHROW, DEMOLISH. 
9. rescindo, scidi, scissum, 3 (prop. 
to cut away). to b. down a rampurt, 
vallum r. (scindere), Caes.: to b. down 
a bridge, pontem r., (also scindere, 
Tac.), Caes.: Liv. 3. destruo, xi, 
ctum, 3: to b. down a wall, murum 
d., Veg.: v. TO DEMOLISH, DESTROY. 
Phr.: to b. down a bridge, pontem 
rumpere, Liv.; p. interrumpere, Caes. ; 
. interscindere, Caes.; p. solvere, Tac. 
ig.. to b. down the restraints of su- 
stition, relligionum nodos resolvere, 
ucr.: to 6. down all distinctions, mis- 
cere omnia, Cic. (v. TO CONFUSE) 
broken down by misfortunes, calamita- 
tibus fractus, Caes.. Vv. ENFEEBLED, 
WORN OUT. Il. Intrans.: to fail, 
in speaking, etc.: j. haereo, haesi, 
haesum, 2 (lit. to stick fast): you will 
b. down over a yreat many of the names 


92 














(i. e. in the attempt to explain them), in 
multis nominibus h., Cic.: also, bh. in 
salebra, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84: he preferred 
to confess his fault rather than that the 
authority of religion should b. down, 
peccatum suum confiteri maluit, quam 
haerere: religionem, Cic. 9. offendo, 
3: V.TO FAIL. Phr.: to b. down under 
fatigue, etc., laboribus frangi, confici- 
v. TO ENFEEBLE, WEAR OUT. 
—— forth: iutr.: érumpo: v. To 

BREAK OUT. 
in: to tame, horses, ete. 

1, doémo, ui, itum, 1: to b. in 
oxen for the plough, tauros aratro d., 
Ool.; oxen easy to be broken in, ad do- 
mandum proni boves, Varr. 9. stib- 
igo, gi, actum, 3: to b. in bullocks, 
juvencos s., Col. Phr.: there is little 
trouble in bing them in, exiguus in do- 
mitura labor eorum, Col. : oxen that are 
thoroughly broken in, boves perdomitl, 
Col..- to b. in a bullock thoroughly to 
the plough, juvencum aratro consuesc- 
ere, Col.: v. also TO BEAT IN, CRUSH. 
into: toeffect an entrance into 
a house, etc. by force: 1. irrumpo, 3 
(with or without a prep.) : to b. into any- 
one’s house, domum alicujus ir., Caes. ; ir. 
intra tecta, Sen.; v. TO BURST IN. OF 
introrumpo, 3: to b. straight into a 
house, int. recta in aedes, Pl.; Caes. 

3. invado, si, sum, 3 (with acc. 
or with prep. in): to b. into a city, 
urbem in., Virg.; in urbem in., Virg. 
Phr.: to b. into houses and rob one’s 
neighbours, parietes perfodere, vicinos 
compilare, Cic. 
in pieces: 1, comminuo, 
ui, itum, 3° to b. doors to pieces with 
axes, foribus securibus c., Pl.: to b. a 
statue in pieces, statuam c., Cic. Ov. 

2. minuy, 3 (less freq. in this sense 
than the comp. verb, and poet.); Ov 
Stat. 3, confringo, frégi, actum, 3 
to b. in pieces pots, cups, aulas, calices 











c., Pl.: swords broken in pieces by 


swords, enses ensibus confracti, Lucan. 

4, concido, cidi, cisum, 3 (prop. to 
cut in pieces): to b. ships to pieces, 
naves c., Liv. Fig.: to b. up (speech) 
into short clauses : Cic. 5, dirumpo, 
3: to b. images in pieces, imagines d., 
Tac. 





loose: érumpo, 3: an incre- 
dible fury broke l. in my consulate, in- 
credibilis furor in meo consulatu erupit, 
Cic.: v. TO BREAK OUT. Phr.: J broke 
l., vincula rupi, Virg.: 7 (the bird) 
broke l. from its flaxen bands, vincula 
linea rupit, Virg.: v. TO BURST. he 
broke l. from the hands of the soldiers, 
se ex manibus militum eripuit, Cic.: a 
calf broke l. from the hands of the offi- 
ciating (priests), vitulus e manibus sa- 
crificantium se proripuit, Liv, (comp. 
Virg. A. 2, 223). 
off: AS) Tra nish: I. 
te detach a portion: 1, defringo, 3 
to b. off the branch of a tree, ramum 
arboris d., Cic.: to b. off the tron head 
jJrom a spear, ferrum ab hasta d., Virg. 
2. praetringo, 3 (to b. off the point): 
to b. off the points of spears, hastas p., 
Liv.: to b. off the beak of a trireme, tri- 
remis rostrum p., Caes. 3, abrumpo, 
3: to b. the fetters off from Pirithous, 
vineula Pirithoo ab., Hor. 4. prae- 
rumpo, 3 (similar to 2; only implying 
a sudden breaking off): the cables were 
broken off, funes praerumpebantur, 
Caes.: Ov. I]. To discontinue, put 
an end to: 1. rumpo, 3: to b. off a 
marriage, nuptias r., Hor.: to b. off 
amours, amores r., Virg. 2. ab- 
rumpo, 3: to b. off a conversation, ser- 
monem ab., Virg. 3, dirumpo, 3: to 
b. of friendships, amicitias d., Cic. s 
interrumpo, 3: to b. off a conversation, 
sermonem in., Pl.: to b. off a custom, 
consuetudinem in., Cic. 5, dirimo, 
émi, emptum, 3: to b. off the union of 
citizens, conjunctionem civium d., Cic. : 
to b. off a peace, pacem d., Liv.: to b. 
off a conference, colloquium d., Caes. : 
to b. off friendships, amicitias d., ‘Tac. 
6. praecido, cidi, cisum, 3: fo b. 
off a friendship, amicitiam p., Cie (im- 








plying a sudden rupture, Off. 1, 33, 120). 
7, incido, cidi, cisum, 3. to b. off 
@ conversation, sermonem in., Liv . all 
deliberation is broken off, inciditur om- 
nis deliberatio, Cic. B. Intr.: I. 
To detach itself: expr. by pass. of 
verbs given under (A.), as, the stalk bs 
off, caulis praefringitur, Cato. Il. Zo 
cease suddenly: 1, praecido, 3 (ab- 
sol.): Cic.: V. TO CUT SHORT, STOP SHORT, 
2. subsisto, stiti, stitum, 3: she 
(lit. her tongue) broke off in the midst 
of her words, substitit in medios lingua 
sonos, Ov. 3, désino, sivi and sii, 
situm, 3 (with some qualifying word, as 
repente, subito): v. To cease, (N.B.— 
The effect of the Eng. verb may some- 
times be conveyed by the use of such a 
pluperfect as dixerat, finierat: comp. 
Ov. Met. 13, 123.) 
open: _ 1, refringo, 3: to 
b. open gates, portas r., Caes.. to b. open 
a prison, carcerem r., Liv. 9. ef- 
fringo, 3: to b. open @ door, januam ef., 
Cic.: to b. open a prison, carcerem ef., 
Tac.: to b. open a bow, cistam ef., Hor. 
3. solvo, 3 (of letters, seals): to b. 
open a letter, epistolam s., Cic.: v. TO 
OPEN. 








out: 1. érumpo, 3: they 
b. out of the camp, ex castris ernmpunt, 
Caes. : fires b. out from the top of Etna, 
ignes ex Aetnae vertice e., Virg.: the 
conspiracy had broken out from the 
darkness, conjuratio ex tenebris erup- 
erat, Cic.: to b. out into every kind of 
cruelty, in omne genus crudelitatis e., 
Suet. 2. prorumpo, 3: that plague 
will b. out, iila pestis prorumpet, Cic. < 
a fire had broken out, incendium pro- 
ruperat, Tac.: to 6. out into threats, ad 
minas p., Tac. 8. exorior, ortus, 4: 
a war b.s out, bellum ex., Liv.: v. To 
ARISE. 4, exardesco, arsi, arsum, 3: 
a war broke out, bellum exarsit, Cic. : 
to b. out into a mutiny, in seditionem 
ex., Liv.: to b. owt into resentments, in 
iras ex., Virg. 5, Tob. out anew, as 
an old sore: recrudesco, cridui, 3: 
fig.: the wounds which seemed to be 
healed broke out anew, illa quae con. 
sanuisse videbantur r., Cic. : Sen. 
up: |. Zo break in pieces 

(q. V-). L frango, 3: to b. up a clod, 
glebam f., Virg. 9, solvo, 3: to b. 
up @ ship, navem s., Ov. 8. dissolvo, 
3: to b. up a@ ship, navigium d., Cic. 
Phr.: to 6. up land, arva subigere, 
Virg. : terras vomere imbuere, Ov [If 
To put an end to, to dismiss: iv 
solvo, 3: Tarquin broke up the custom 
of consulting the senate, Tarquinius mo- 
rem senatum consulendi solvit, Liv. 

Q, disciitio, cussi, cussum, 3: to B. 
up a council, consilium d., Liv.: v. TO 
Dismiss. Phr.: to b. wp an army, ex- 
ercitum dimittere, Caes.: v. TO DIS- 
BAND. Il]. Intr.: to go to pieces; to 
separate ; to keave a position: Phr.: the 
ship has bro'cen up, navigium dissolutum 
est, Cic.: the sharp frost b.s up, solvitur 
acris hiems, Hor.: the council 6.s up, 
consurgitur ex consilio, Caes.: next day 
the enemy b, up (i e. leave their posi- 
tion), postero die hostes castra movent, 
Caes.: we shall b. up to-morrow (of a 
school), *cras nobis feriae incipient: v. 
TO SEPARATE, DISBAND. 
through: |. Lit: 1. 
rumpo, 3 (prop. to burst; of force ex- 
erted from within): Vv. TO BREAK ASUN=- 
DER. 2. perrumpo, 3: tu b. through 
a threshold with an axe, limina bipenni 
p., Virg.: to b. through a rib, costam p., 
Cels. 3. perfringo, 3: to 6, through 
gates, portas p., Lucan: to b. through 
walls, muros p., T'ac.: to b. through the 
main body of the enemy, phalangem 
hostium p., Caes. Il. Fig.: to violate 
laws, treaties, etc.: ], *yitlos isi 
TO VIOLATE. 2. rumpo, frango: v. 
TO BREAK (IIE.). 
upon: Intr.: of waves, etc. 5 
to dash against: Phr.: the winds b. 
upon the threshold, frangunt se in li- 
mine venti, Val. Flace.: the wave ba 
spon the shallows, frangitur unda vadis, 

v. 














1 


aa 





ee ee a eae. ae eS 


BREAK WITH 


BREATHE UPON 


BREED 





break with: i. e. to come toa rup- 
ture with : dissideo: v. TO QUARREL, BE 
AT VARIANCE WITH. Phr.: Scipio had 
broken with Pompey, Scipio ab amicitia 
Pompeii se removerat, Cic. 
break (subs.): |. An interrup- 
tion : expr. by verb: locus intermissus, 
interruptus; qui patet, etc. Il. An 
instrument applied to carriage wheels 
to stop their motion: sufflamen: he 
confines the wheels by a powerful b., 
rotam astringit mulio s., Juv.: Prud. 
Ill. Break of day: dilicilum: v, 
DAY-BREAK. 
breakage: fractiira: v. FRACTURE, 


BREAKING. 
breaker: |. Onewhobreaks: 1, 
tuptor. the b. of a treaty, foederis r., 
Liv.: Tac.: v. vioLator. Or expr. 
by verb, as, the b. of a door, qui fores 
effringit, Cic. 2. ddmitor (a tamer): 
@ b. of horses, equorum d., Cic.: Virg. 
I]. A wave brolen against any ob- 
stacle: fluctus a saxo fractus, Cic. Fam. 


» 16. 
9 breakfast (subs.): 1, jentacilum: 
Pl.: Mart.: Suet. 9. prandium (a 
kind of lunch): to cook a b., p. coquere, 
Pl.. to invite anyone to b., aliquem ad 
p. invitare, Cic.- to get up to b., ad p. 
surgere, Suet.: my wife is calling me to 
b., ad p. uxor me vocat, PI. 
breakfast (v.): 1, jento, 1: Suet.- 
Mart. 2. prandeo, di, sum, 2 (v. 
BREAKFAST, suwbs.): Pl.: Cic.: to b. on 
nightingales, luscinias p., Hor. 
breaking (subs.)- 1, fractira : 
the b. of a bone, ossis f., Cels. 9. do- 
mitus, tis (the b. in of animals): Cie. 
8, ddmitira (i. q. domitus) Col.: 
Plin. 4, interruptio (a b. off, in dis- 
course): Quint. 5, eruptio (a b. out; 
med. ¢. ¢.): Plin. 6. dissélitio (a b. 
up): the b, up of a ship, navigii d., 
Tac.: the b. up of an empire, imperii 
d., Tac. 
break-water : 1. munitio ac 
moles lapidum ; moles Japidum in mari 
structa, or fluctibus opposita: ef. Cic. 
Verr. 4, 53, 118. Q. structtira s. ag- 
ger: Vitr: 12,5}. 2. 3. pila: Virg. 
bream: 1, *abramis, brama : 
ML. Q, *brama blicea: M.L. 
breast (subs.): |. The organ that 
secretes mili: 1, mamma, mammilla, 
or mamilla: to give the b. to a child, 
puero mammam dare, Pl.: Cic. (In 
medical writers mamma is the breast of 
females; mammilla of males: Mayne.). 
2, uber, éris, n. (when full of milk): 
milky 6.s, lactea u., Virg.- his own 
mother nourishes every (child) with her 
6.s, Sua quemque mater uberibus alit, 
Tac. 8. papilla (poet.): Cat.: Virg. 
Il. The upper and front part of the 
body; also, the cavity situated behind 
it: 1, pectus, dris, m.. Ov.: Cels. 
Plin. Phr. - having a broad or full ., 
pectérosus: Plin.- Col. 2, praecordia, 
orum; the breath remaining in the b., 
spirit. remanente in praecordiis, Liv. 
Vv. CHEST. ll. Tne feelings : 1 
pectus: he soothes their grieving b.s, 
moerentia p. mulcet, Virg : pure b.s, 
p. casta, Ov. 2, praecordia: at times 
valour returns into the b. even of the con- 
quered, quondam etiam victis redit in 
p. virtus, Virg.: Hor. : v. BOsuM, HEART. 
breast (v.): Phr.: he courageously 
b.s the wares, *fortiter pectus (pectora) 
fluctibus opponit; fluctus adverso pec- 
tore excipit: v. TO FACE. 
breast-bone : 1, os_ pectoris - 
Cels. Q pectirale os: Cels. ay 
“sternum (from the Greek): frequently 
used by modern medical writers. 
breast-plate: 1, lorica: Cic.; 
jiv.: Vv. CORSLET, 2. thorax, acis, 
m.:Liv.. Virg. 3. pectorale, is, n.: 
Varr.: Plin. 
breast-pump: *antlia mammuria 
Mayne). 
breast-work: 1. lorica Caes. 
sta Peet: loriciila, a low b.: Hirt. 
eg. , platéus (less freq. pluteum) . 
Caes.- Veg. a : 
breath: |. The air taken into 
and expelled from the lungs; also, the 


act of respiration: 1. spiritus, us: 
to draw 6., s. ducere, also, animam 
spiritu ducere, Cic.: to receive a son's 
last b., filii postremum s. excipere, Cic. : 
to take b., s. colligere, Quint.: to be 
Jetching ome's last b., i. e. expiring, 
trahere extremum s., Phaedr. - to utter 
a sentence in a single b., complexionem 
verborum uno s. volvere, Cic. Fig. 
the b. of the N. wind, Boreae s., Virg. 
2. anima (esp. in poet.): J stopped 
my b., a, compressi, Ter.: to hold one’s 
b., a. continere, Cic. (tenere, Ov.): to 
take b., a. reciprocare, Liv.: the passage 
of the b., iter animae, Cic.: badness of 
b., animae gravitas, Plin.: v. also Arr. 
8. afflatus, is (b. directed upon 
some object): Ov.: Stat. Fig.: the b. 
of the W. wind, af. Favonii, Plin. 4, 
halitus, is (esp. hard or bad b.): bad- 
ness of b. from the lungs, a pulmone 
graveolentia halitus, Plin.: for the pur- 
pose of improving the b., commendandi 
h. gratia, Plin.: v. FUMES. 5, anhée- 
litus, iis (prop. a@ hurried or difficult 
b., shortness of b.): to take b., an. re- 
cipere, Pl.: the dry b. came from his 
weary mouth, aridus a lasso veniebat 
an. ore, Ov. Phr.: out of b. with run- 
ning, exanimatus cursu, Caes. ll. 
Life: ], anima: while a sick man 
has b. there is said to be hope, aegroto 
dum a, est, spes esse dicitur, Cic.: v. 
LIFE. Q, spiritus: to take away any- 
one’s b., spiritum alicui auferre, Cic.: to 
give up one's b., 8, reddere, Vell. I. 
Breeze: q. Vv. 
breathe: A. Intrans.: I. 
To respire, be alive: 1. spiro, 1: 
they cannot even b. without fear, ne s. 
quidem sine metu possunt, Cic.. Cati- 
line was found still b.ing a little, Cati- 
lina repertus est, paululum etiam spi- 
rans, Sall. Fig.: the mind of Laelius 
seems to be still b.ing in his writings, 
videtur Laelii mens s. etiam in scriptis, 
Cic.: the b.ing (i. e. life-like) statues, 
Spirantia signa, Virg. 2. respiro, 1° 
those who are sunk in water cannot b., 
qui demersi sunt in aqua r. non possunt, 
Cic.: power to b., respirare potestas, 
Virg.: Juv. Phr.-: to b., spiritum duc- 
ere, animam spiritu ducere, Cic.; spi- 
ritum trahere, Phaedr. I]. To pause, 
rest: V. TO BREATHE AGAIN. B. 
Trans.: |. To draw into and expel 
from the lungs: Phr.: we b. the air, 
aérem spiritu ducimus, Cic.- the wind- 
pipe bs back the air from the lungs, 
aspera arteria animam a pulmonibus r., 
Cie. could I any longer b. the common 
air? auram communem haurire am- 
plius potui? Quint. . to b. the vital air, 
auras vitales carpere, Virg. |], Yo 
exhale (q. v.): spiro, t: her locks bd a 
divine odour, comae divinum odorem 
spiravere, Virg. |||, Zo express, mani- 
Fest (q. v.): 1, anhélo, 1 (implying 
violence) to b, out wickedness, scelus 
an,, Cic. 2. spiro, 1. to b. war, bel- 
lum s., Lucr.: to b. love, amores s., Hor. 
IV. To utter softly : v. TO WHISPER. 
again (i.e. fake breath or 
heart anew): respiro, 1. to 6. agarn after 
repeated disasters, r. a continuis cladi- 
bus, Liv.: to b again after fear ra 
metu, Cic.: I shall 6. again if I see you, 
respirabo si te videro, Cic.: Pl. 
——— in or into: inspiro, 1: v. 
TO INSPIRE, 





—— out: 1. exspiro, 1: to 
b. out a stream of blood from the breast, 
finmen sanguinis de pectore ex., Lucr. 
to b. out flames, flammas ex., Virg. Q, 
spiro, 1 (poet.) oxen b.ing oul flames, 
flammas spirantes boves, Liv.: Virg. 
yv. also 10 BREATHE (LII.), 3. efflo, 
1: they b. out fires from their mouth and 
nostrils, ignes ore et naribus efflant, 
Ov.: to b. out one’s life, i. e. to die, ani- 
mam ef., Cic. 4. proflo, 1: to b. out 
Jlames, flammas p., Ov. 5. exhalo, 
I orifices b.ing out flame, spiramenta 
flammam exhalantia, Ov.: to b. out life, 
i. e. to die, vitam ex., Virg. 

—upon: _ 1], aspiro, r: that 
cold may not 6, upon him, ut ne ad eum 
frigus aspiret, Cels.: Virg. 2, afflo, 





1 (stronger than aspiro: to blow upon). 
as if Canidia had b..d up them, velut 
illis Canidia afflasset, Hor.: to b, per- 
Jumes on anyone, odores alicui af., Prop. 

breathing (suts.). |. The act of 
breathing 1, aspiratio: living crea- 
| tures are supported by the b. of air, ani- 
mantes aspiratione aéris sustinentur, 
Cic. 2. spiritus, is- air drawn m 
by 6. nourishes and supports living 
beings, aer spiritu ductus alit et sus- 





tentat animantes, Cic.: Ov. 3. re- 
spiratio: Cic.: Plin. 4, Or expr. by 
gerund, etc.: v. TO BREATHE. Il. 
Gram. t. t.: 1, aspiratio: Cic. 


Quint. Q, spiritus~ the rough b., s. as- 
per, Prisc.: the smooth b., s. lenis, Prisc. 
breathing-hole: spiracilum: y. 
AIR-HOLE, VENT. 
breathing-time: i. e. time or space 
to recover from fear or other agitation : 
Phr.: to have (a moment's) b. from 
anything, (punctum temporis, Cic.) ab 
aliqua re respirare, Liv.: Vell.: the Sa- 
guntines had had a jew days b., Sagun- 
tini a proeliis quietem per aliquot dies 
habuerant, Liv.: v. REsPrre. 
breathless: 1, exanimis, e, or 
exanimus, a, um: @ b. corpse, ex. corpus, 
Quint.: Virg.: v. LIFELEss. Fig.: of 
extreme fear, etc.: 6b with Sear, meta 
ex., Hor.: Virg. Q. exainimatus: v. 
LIFELESS, DEAD. Fig.: my wife b, 
(with alarm), ex. uxor, Cic.: b. with 
alarm, ex. metu, Ter.: Curt.: v. also 
BREATH (lL. fin.) 
bred: nutritus: b. at Thebes or Ar- 
gos, Thebis n. an Argis, Hor.- esp. in 
the compounds, well-bred, tho ough- 
bred: q.v. 
breech (svbs.): Anus: nates: cliines: 
Vv. BUTTOCK, FUNDAMENT. Phr.: the b. 
of a gun, *sclopeti pars inferior. 
breeches: 1, bracae or braccae, 
arum (the loose trousers of Celtic na- 
tions): Prop.: Tac. Phr.- nations that 
wear b., nationes bracatae, Cic.-: a sol- 
dier wearing b., bracatus miles, Prop. 
2, féminalia, jum (dravers, q. v.): 
Suet.: Hor. Phr.: to take the b. from 
ahighlandman, nudo vestimenta detrah- 
ere, Pl. As. I, I, 79. 
breed (v.): A. Trans.: 1. 
To engender, give birth to: 1, pario, 
pépéri, partum, 3: rotten wood b.s mag- 
gots, ligna putrefacta vermiculos p, 
Luer.: the earth bred other animals 
spontaneously, cetera tellus animalia 
sponte sua peperit, Ov.: v. TO BEGET. 
Fig.: truth b.s hatred, veritas odium 
p., [er.: v. TO PRODUCE. 2. généro, 
I: such a@ monster as Africa b.s, quale 
portentum g. Africa tellus, Hor. . germs 
b.ing green frogs, semina virides gener- 
antia ranas, Ov. Fig.: to b. strife, 
litem g., Quint.: v. also inf. (B.). 3. 
gigno v. TO BEGET. 4, procreo. v. 
TO ENGENDER, BEGET. Phr.- we may 
see worms bred from dung, videre licet 
vivos exsistere vermes de stercore, 
Lucr. [I]. To raise a breed: 15 
alo, alui, 3 to b horses, equos a., Ter. : 
they b, these animals for the purpose of 
amusement, haec animalia alunt animi 
causa, Caes.- v. TO REAR. 2. pasco, 
pavi, pastum, 3 (lit. to feed): to b. fleeced 
(small) stock, pecus lanare p., Varr.- to 
b. horses, equos p., Virg. B. In- 
trans.: |. To engender : 1, con- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: v. TO CONCEIVE, 
. féto, 1: ducks b. in marshes, 
anates in paludibus f., Col. 3, cénéro, 
1: the she-ass has begun to b., asina g. 
coepit, Plin. |]. To have birth: 1. 
nascor, natus, 3 : bees b. from the putrid 
entrails, de putri viscere nascuntur 
apes, Ov.: gnats b. in the jig-tree, in 





fico culices nascuntur, Plin. 2. pro- 
vénio, véni, 4° muscles b. in sandy 
places, mituli in arenosis p., Plin. 3. 





gignor, génitus, 3. there is nothing but 
what b.s in the sea, nihil non g. in mari, 
Plin. 

breed (subs.) : 1, séminium: fe- 
males of good b., feminae boni s., Varr.: 
a good b. of asses, asinorum s. bonum, 
Varr.: Lucr. 2. génus, éris. n.: 64 
of wild cattle, genera pecudum fere 

93 


BREEDER 


BRIDGE 


BRIGANDAGE 





rum, Varr.. v. KIND, RACE. 3. gens, 
gentis, f. (poet.)° Virg.: Ov. Pbhr.. 
the best b.s of oxen have an ugly head, 
optima forma bovis cui turpe caput, 

irg.: cattle of good b., generosum pe- 
cus, Virg. 

breeder: |. the female that pro- 
duces: matrix, icis, f. (i.) of a@ cow: 
Varr. (ii.) of a ewe: Col. (iii) of a 
hen: Col. (It may also be expressed by 
the adj. feta qualifying the substantive 5 
but this is usu. said of a female that has 
recently given birth to offspring: Plin. 
Virg.) |]. One who devotes attention 
to the rearing of any kind of animal : 
générator: a 6. of horses, g. equorum, 
Virg. Phr.- he had a great reputation 
as a b. of the best sheep, *magnam 
cepit gloriam ex studio ovium opti- 
marum alendarum. 

breeding (adj.): féla. v. BREEDER. 

breeding (subs.) |. The act or 
time of generating: fetira: an age fit 
for b., aetas feturae habilis, Virg.: dur- 
ing b. time, in fetura, Varr. I}. The 
raising of a breed: seminatio: Varr. 

II]. Formation of manners; also 

manners: Vv. EDUCATION, MANNERS. 
Phr. : good b., himanitas. those things 
are very inconsistent with good b., ea 
multum ab h. discrepant, Cic.: v. RE- 
FINEMENT, POLITENESS. 

breeze (the insect): oestrus V.GAD-FLY. 
breeze (of wind): 1, aura: the 
night b., nocturnaa., Caes. Fig.: alittle 
b. of rumour, parva a, rumoris, Cic. : the 
b. of popular favour, a. popularis, Cic. : 
Hor. 9. flatus, ts: the sails moved 
by a favouring b., f. secundo carbasa 
mota, Ov.: Virg. Fig.: we are enjoy- 
ing the propitious b. of jortune, pros- 
pero f. fortunae utimur, Cic. 3. ani- 
ma (mostly poet.): Thracian b.s, a. 
Thraciae, Hor. 4, spiritus, is: Sen, 

breezy: ventdsus: v. WINDY. 

breviary : |. An abridgement, 
epitome: q. v.: Epitome: summarium: 


bréviarium. fj, 4 manual of prayers, 
*bréviarium: M.L. 
brevity: |. Shortness: q. v. Il. 


Conciseness (of language) : 1, bre- 
vitas: when there is no superfluous 
word, it is to be called b., b. appellanda 
est, quum verbum nullum_ redundat, 
Cic.: the (pecullar) b. of Sallust, illa 
Sallustiana b., Quint. 9. brévild- 
quentia: Cic. ap. Gell. Phr.: J desire 
b. of speech, fieri dictis compendium 
volo, Pl. 

brew: Ay “Lrans,: |. To 
make beer: *cerevisiam coquére ; or ex 
hordeo corrupto conficere (cf. ‘Tac. G. 
23). To mix: q. V. ll. Zo 
contrive, plot, hatch: q.v. Phr.: see 
what mischief the woman is b.ing, vide 
quod inceptet (meretrix) facinus, Ter. : 
don’t. you see what mischief you are 
brewing ? aon vides quantum mali con- 
cites? ‘Ter. B. Intrans.- Phr.: 
the maid-servant b.s famously, *ancilla 
cerevisiam scite conficit: a tempest ts 
b.ing in the west, ab occidente (sole) 
tempestas excitatur s. concitatur (cf. 
Auct. Har. Resp. 3, 45 and Cic. Mur. 19. 
36). there is some mischief b.ing, *ne- 
scio quid mali concinnatur, paratur (cf. 
Phaedr. 2, 4 /in.). see supr. (A. fin.). 

brewer: *cerevisiae coctor. 

brewhouse;: *aedificium ad cere- 
visiam coquendam exstructum. 

brewing (subs.): *cerevisiae coc- 
fura 

briar, wild: *résa canina: M. L. 

bribe (subs.): prétium : to be induced 
by a b. to condemn a man, pretio adduci 
ad hominem condemnandum, Cic.: to 
corrupt a juryman by a b., pretio ju- 
dicem corrumpere, Cic. (N.B.— Any 
Latin word signifying money, reward, 
etc., may in certain connexions be used 
Vv. TO BRIBE, BRIBFRY.) Phr.: they ac- 
cused us of taking a b., nos pecuniae 
captae arcessebant, Cic. 

bribe (v.): 1. largior, 4 (prop. to 
give profusely): to procure great means 
for b.ing, facultates ad largiendum 
magnas comparare, Caes.: to become 
popular by b.ing with other men’s 

94 





money, largiendo de alieno popularem 
fieri, Liv. 9. corrumpo, rupi, rup- 
tum, 3 (usu. with some defining word, 
as pecunia, pretio, auro, etc.) . the gury- 
man is b.d, judex pretio corrumpitur, 
Cic.. there were some who had been b.d, 
fuere qui auro corrupti essent, Sall. : Ju- 
gurtha b.s the king’s nearest relations, 
Jugurtha regi proximos donis c., Sall.. 
I will b. his slaves, muneribus servos 
corrumpam, Hor. Plr.. to attempt to 
b. a court of justice, judicium pecunia 
tentare, Cic.: he directed his ambassa- 
dors to attempt to b. everyone, legatis 
praecepit omnes mortales pecunia ag- 
grediantur, Sall.: similarly, spe et pretio 
sollicitare, Cic.: the multitude is easily 
b.d, multitudo pretio venalis est, Liv. - 
not to be b.d, integer, incorruptus: v. 

INCORRU PTIBLE. 
briber: 1, corruptor: Cic. Suet. 
2. divisor (an agent employed to 


distribute the bribes): Cic.: Suet. 3. 
largitor : Cic. 
bribery : 1, ambitus, ts (of 


voters for public offices; including all 
kinds of illegal canvassing): to accuse 
a man of b., hominem ambitus (de amb.) 
ac cusare, Ci: a man found guilty of 
b., vir ambitus damnatus, Cic.: a law 
respecting b., ambitis (de a., Suet.) lex, 
Cie. 9. corruptéla. he said that pro- 
Suse expenditure was b., largitionem c. 
dixit esse, Cic.. v. CORRUPTION. if 
largitio (profuse b.)- to corrupt a tribe 
by disgraceful b., tribum turpi 1. cor- 
rumpere, Cic.- Sall. 4, rédemptio 
(i. e. buying a verdict, etc.). the b.of a 
court of law, judicii r., Cic. Phr.: to 
endeavour to prevatl over anyone by b., 
aliquem pecunia sollicitare, Cic.: v. TO 
BRIBE ( fin.). 

brick (subs.): 1, later, Gris, m.- 
the city was built of b.s or rough stone, 
urbs ex latere aut caemento effecta est, 
Cic.: to make b.s, lateres ducere, facere, 
parare, Vitr.; lL. fingere, Plin.: to dry 
b.s, 1. arefacere, Vitr.. to bake bs, 1. 
coquere, Vitr.: to lay b.s, 1, struere, 


Caes.: a burnt or unburnt b., coctus 1. 
sive crudus, Vitr. Hence, a half b., 
sémYliter, Vitr. Dimin. \latercilus, 


a small b., Caes.: Plin. 9. testa 
(earthenware in general: v. JAR) Cato: 
Vitr. 

brick (a4).): 1, latéricius: 0b. 
walls, 1. muri, Caes.: b. shrines, 1. cel- 
lae, Vitr. 2, testacéus: a b. struc- 
ture, t. structura, Vitr.. Plin. 

brick-bat: 1, *lateris fragmen 
s. frustum. 2. testa (of broken 
pieces of earthenware). Ov.: Tac. 

brick-clay or earth: terra latér- 
aria~ Plin. 

brick-kiln: latéraria. Plin. 

brick-layer: litérum structor; or 
perhaps, structor (alone) Cic. 

brick-maker: /atérarius: Non. 

brick-making: latérina: Tert. 

brick-work: latéricium; o7 opus 
latéricium. Caes.: Vitr. 

bridal (subs.): nuptiae 
RIAGE, WEDDING. 

bridal (a4j.): 1, nuptialis, e: 
b. gifts, n. dona, Cic.: Vv. NUPTIAL. 
prontbus (poet.). a 6. torch, p. flamma, 
Claud. Phr.: a b. veil, flammeum: 
Juv.. Plin.. @ b. bed, génialis lectus, 
Cic.; g. torus, Virg.: v. WEDDING. 
z bridal-chamber: thalamus: Virg. : 

at. 

bride: 1, nupta or nova nupta 
(just married): Ter.: Ov. 2, sponsa 
(about to be married): Pl.: a weeping 
b,, flebilis s., Hor. 

bride-cake; mustacéus, or -um: 
Cato: Juv 

bride-groom: 1. maritus, o7 novus 
maritus (just married): Pl.: a maiden 
conducted to her young b., juveni virgo 
deducta marito, ‘ler. 2. sponsus (be- 
trothed : q. v.): Cic.: Hor. 

bridesmaid: proniiba: Cat. : Stat. 

bridesman: 1, auspex nuptia- 
rum: Cic. 9. paranymphus Aug. 

brideweil: v. PRISON. 

bridge (subs.): pons, pontis, m. : 
to make a b. over a@ river, pontem in 


Vv. MAR- 





flumine facere, faciendum curare, Caea, ; 
flumen ponte jungere, Liv.: to make @ 
b. of boats, pontem navibus efficere, 
Tac.: to break douna b., p. interscin- 
dere, Cic.; p. rescindere, Caes.: v. TO 
BREAK DOWN. Dimin. ponticilus, a 
small b.: Cic.; Cat. Phr.. the tolt 
taken at a b., pontaticum, Amm.: @ b.- 
master, *pontis curator. the b. of the 
nose, *pars nasi superior: the b. of a 
violin, *fidium jugum (Georg.). 
bridge (v.): ponte jungo, pontem 
facio, etc. : V. BRIDGE. 
bridle (subs.): 1, frénum: pl. -i 
and -a: strictly bit, curb: q.v. Fig.: 
to put a b. on anyone's madness, alicui 
frenos furoris injicere, or, adhibere, Cic. 
(N.B.—Not dare ; which is to gzve the 
reins, i. e. relax them). 2. lorum 
(esp. poet.). to lead horses by their 
b.s, eques loris ducere, Liv.: Virg.- Ov. 
3. habéna: v. REINS. 
bridle (v.): 1, fréno, 1 (rare in 
prose except fig.): to b. dragons (i. e. 
put a bridle on them), dracones f., Ov.. 
a caparisoned and b.d horse, instructus 
frenatusque equus, Liv. Fig-: to b. 
anyone's fury, alicujus furores f., Cic. : 
to b. pleasures, voluptates f., Liv. Pein 
infrtno, 1. to b. a horse, equum inf., 
Liv.: Virg. (v. rare in fig.sense). 3, 
frenos impono, injicio: v. TO PUT ON, 
(For fig. sense, see also TO CURB, RE- 
STRAIN.) 
bridler (rare): frénator. Stat. 
brief (adj.). 1, brévis, e: b. en- 
Jjoyment, b. fructus, Lucr.: a b. narra- 
tive, b. narratio, Cic. J strive to be b., 
T become obscure, b. esse laboro, obscu- 
rus fio, Hor. 2. angustus: used by 
Cic. as antithesis to dilatatus, i.e. ex- 
panded, diffuse: V. COMPRESSED, CON- 
CISE, TERSE. Phr.: J will be very b. 
with you, compendi verba multa faciam 
tibi, Pl.: to be brief (as parenthetical 
clause), ne longum sit, Cic.; ne longum 
faciam, Hor.; ne multa or ne multis, 
Cic. ; quid quaeris, Hor. Ep. 1, fo, 8. 
brief (subs.) : |. A despatch : q. v. 
||, An outline of a legal case: causae 
commentarius; brevis annotatio ; libelli: 
Quint. 10, 7, 30, 31 (where however the 
expressions mean notes made by the ad- 
vocate himself). Phr.: to be engaged 
with one’s first b., primam causam s. 
advocationem agere: he did not get a 
single b., *nemo omnium eum ad causam 
stam defendendam advocavit, eum causae 
suae patronum habuit . he failed over his 
jirst b., quam primam suscepit causam, 
in ea offendil, v. TO FAIL. 
briefless: only faceté: a b. barris- 
ter, *sine clientibus patronus. 
briefly : 1, bréviter- to speak b. 
and aptly, b. et commode dicere, Cic. : 
as b. as I could, quam brevissime potui, 
Cic.. very b., perbreviter, Cic. ay 
paucis (lit. in few words): to speak as 
b. as possible, quam paucissimis dicere, 
Sall.: Ter. 3, strictim: v. CURSO- 
RILY. 4, angusté, pressé (signifying 
compression of matter into few words; 
whereas breviter and paucis denote only 
the use of few words): Vv. TERSELY, COM- 
PASS, IN SMALL (phr.). Pbr.. to treat 
of anything b., aliquid brevi praecidere, 
percurrere, Cic. (but brevi is here an 
abl., and signifies within a short time or 
limits); aliquid in pauca, paucissima 
conferre, Pl. 
briefness: V- BREVITY. 
brier: i.e. prop. the dog-rose bush; 
rdsa canina (cynosbatos, Plin.); but ge- 
nerally =bramble: q. v. 
brig; *navis duobus malis instructa. 
brigade: |. Of infantry: légio, 
onis, a : Caes. (the Roman legion con- 
tained about as many troops as the 
modern infantry b., and like the latter, 
it was complete in itself, and capable of 
independent action). I]. Of cavalry; 
(?) turma equitum: Caes.: v. TROOP. 
brigadier: tribinus: Caes. (Prob. 
the nearest word: v. Dict. Ant. p. 
503, a.) 
brigand: 1, latro: Caes.: Cie 
Q. latrunciilus; Cic.: v. BANDIT. 
brigandage: _1, latrocinium (the 





BRIGANTINE 


practice): Caes.: Cic. Q, 
tio (a particular act): Plin. 
gaged in b., latrocinor, 1 PL: Cic. 
brigantine: __ 1. liburna (@ light 
Caes.: Hor. 92. liburnica 
(— 1): Suet. : Plin. 
bright : |. Shining, lustrous : 
1, clarus (the most general term: 
Vv. CLEAR): a b. star, c. stella, Cic.: very 
6. jewels, clarissimae gemmae, Cic.: @ 
wreath b. with gold and gems, c. auro 
gemmisque corona, Ov. Very b., prae- 
clarus: Luer. 92. liicidus (usu. of 
that which shines with a calm lustre): 
b. stars, |. sidera, Hor.: Vitr.: a 6. gem, 
1. gemma, Ov. Very b., perlucidus (also 
pellucidus): a very 6. star, p. stella, 
Cic. (more usu. in sense of transparent : 
q. Vv.) 3, splendidus: stronger than 
lucidus: v. GLITTERING, BRILLIANT. 
4, nitidus (prop. only of that which 
is externally bright or beaming): 6. 
tvory, n. ebur, Ov.: b. shining hair, n. 
caesaries, Virg.: v. GLEAMING. 5. 
candidus (bright-white, shining): 6. 
stars, c. stellae, Lucr.: the b. moon, c. 
luna, Virg.. v. WHITE. 6. fulgidus 
(flashing : q. v.): Lucr. To the above 
may be added the participial adjectives, 
lucens, fulgens, splendens, nitens, can- 
dens concerning the difference between 
which, see TO SHINE, SHINING, Phr.: 
b. (ively) eyes, vegeti oculi, Suet. (ni- 
tentes oculi in Virg., is rather used with 
ref to their shining with tears): to be 
b., nitére, fulgére, splendére, etc.: v. TO 
SHINE : to become b., claresco, Tac. : Sen. ; 
splendesco, Virg.: Ov.; nitesco, Virg. : 
Plin.: v. TO BRIGHTEN; to keep ab. fire, 
luculento uti camino, Cic. I]. Smart, 
clever: q. v.: perh. facétus, argitus. 
brighten: A, Trans.: |, Lit: 
to make bright (infrequent): v. TO 
POLISH, ILLUMINE, MAKE LIGHT. Il. 
Yo cheer, enliven: q.v. B, Intrans.: 
)eeate: 1, splendesco, dui, 3: 
let the ploughshare, rubbed in the fur- 
row, begin to b., incipiat sulco attritus s. 
vomer, Virg.: we saw the sky b. with 
the flame of Etna, vidimus Aetneae 
coelum s. flamma, Ov. 2. nitesco, 
tui, 3: as the new moon b.s, nitescente 
nova luna, Plin. 3. claresco, clarui, 
3: Tac.: Sen. 4, rélucesco, luxi, 3 
(6. again): the image of the sun b.’d 
again, solis imago reluxit, Ov.: the day 
b.d again, reluxit dies, Tac.: v. TO 
CLEAR UP. Il. Fig.: of the aspect 
of affairs, the countenance, intellect, 
etc. : often, to brighten up: Phr.: (his) 
face bd up, *vultus se explicavit, in 
hilaritatem solutus est: affairs begin to 
b., jam res melius ire incipiunt: v. To 
IMPROVE: “even slowness 6.s up with 
affection,” *amore etiam tarda ingenia 
nitescunt. 
brightly: claré, licidé, splendidé : 
for the difference between them, v 


BRIGHT, 

brightness: |. Splendour: 1, 
candor: the b. of the sun, ¢. solis, Cic. 
the b. of the sky, coeli c., Cic.: v. WHITE- 
NESS. 2. nitor (of that which has a 
bright surface): the b. of the dawn, n. 
aurorae, Lucr.: the b. of silver and gold, 
n. argenti et auri, Ov.: the b. of a sword, 
n. gladii, Plin. 8. fulgor (flashing 
b.): the b. of a candelabrum, candelabri 
f., Cic.: the b. of the sun, solis f., Plin. : 
eyes gleaming with tremulous b., oculi 
tremulo f. micantes, Ov. Fig.: the b 
of fame, famae f., Ov.: Quint. (in Lucr. 
also fulgur: v. FLASH.) 4, claritas 
(rare): the b. of a star, c. sideris, Plin. : 
also claritudo: Tac. 5. splendor: v. 
BRILLIANCY. 6. color (poet.): silver 
has no b., nullus argento c. est, Hor.: 
b. of wool, (vellerum) colores, Hor.: v. 
HUE. I]. Acuteness, cleverness, q. v. 


brill (a fish): (?) psetta or psitta- Plin. 
1. splendor: the b. 


brilliancy : 
of flame, s. flammae, Ov.: tne b. of 
silver, s. argenti, Hor. Fig.: all the b. 
and splendour of these things, harum 
rerum s. omnis et amplitudo, Cic. > 
nitor (Vv. BRIGHTNESS, 2): the b. of a 
mirror, n. speculi, Plin. Fig.: b. of 
style, n. orationis, Cic,: b. of figurative 


latrocina- | 
To be en- | show b. (in writing), n. uti, Auct. Dial. 


BRING 
language, translationum n., Quint. to 


ae Or. 38, limen, inis, n. (only in fig. 
sense, of Lustre of style): b. of eloquence, 
1. eloquentiae, Cic.: things that add b. 
to style, lumina sententiarum, Quint. 
brilliant: 1, splendidus: (the b. 
constellations, s. signa cveli, Lucr.: b. 
eyes, s. oculi, Lucr.: a fountain more b. 
than glass, tous splendidior vitro, Hor. 
Fig.- a 6. style of oratory, s. ratio dic- 
endi, Cic.. b. deeds, s. facta, Hor. S: 
nitens, ntis: @ flower more b. than 
Tyrian purple, Tyrio nitentior flos 
ostro, Ov. Fig.: a b. speech, n. oratio, 
Cic. 3. lucilentus (esp. in fig. sense ; 
v. splendid): a 6. (or acc. to others, 
lucid) speech, 1. oratio, Sal: a@ 6. en- 
gagement, pulchrum et |. proelium, PI. : 
a b. achievement, facinus 1, Pl. 4. 
praeclarus: Vv. FAMOUS, DISTINGUISHED. 
Phr.: to prepare a b. entertainment, 
convivium opipare (adv.) parare, Cic. ; 
epulas apparatissimas, Sen.- v. SPLEN- 
DID. 5, fulgens, ntis: v. SHINING, 
Fig.: with most b. nay divine elo- 
eae fulgentissimo et coelesti ore, 
ell. 





, be: 1, splendéo, 2: her 
eyes are b., oculi s., Pl.: Hor. Fig.- 
virtue is always b. of itseif, virtus s. 
per se semper, Cic.: Liv. 2, niteo, 2: 
you see how b. their oratory is, illorum 
vides quam niteat oratio, Ciec.: Hor.: v. 
TO BE BRIGHT, SHINE. 

brilliantly: 1, splendidé: éo set 
out a banquet magnificently and b., 
ornare magnifice s que convivium, Cic.: 
a life honourably and b. spent, acta 
aetas honeste ac s., Cic.: Hor. 9. 
(esp. of style): liciilenté or -ter: i ts 
b. sard (i. e. finely), \. dicitur, Cic.: v. 
LUCID. 

brim: |. Rim, border: q. v.: margo. 
Phr.: the b. of a hat, *pilei ora. ll. 
The upper edge of a vessel for liquids : 

1. ora: to flavour the 6. of a (me- 
dicine) cup, oras pocula circum contin- 
gere, Lucr.. to fill a cup to the very b., 
*poculum ad summam o. implere. Dy 
labrum (of any large vessel): to smear 
the b.s of jars all round, \. doliorum cir- 
cumlinere, Cato: v. BRINK. Phr.. to 
jill a jar to the b., amphoram ad sum- 
mam implere, Col.; v. To FILL. 
i : ad summum plenus, im- 

pletus: v. BRIM. 


brimstone; sulfur, tris, nm: Vv 
SULPHUR. 

brindled: _ 1. discdlor: v. PARTI- 
COLOURED. 2, varius: a b. hog, v. 
porcus, Petr. 

brine: |. A solutton of salt: 


1, miiria: Hor.: Cels. 2, sal- 
samentum: Cic. 93, salstra: Varr. 
Il. The sea: q. v.: silum. Virg. 

ring: , To carry to: ab 
afféro, atttili, allatum, 3 (with dat. or 
prep.: also adv. of place whither): b. 
hither goblets, affer huc scyphos, Hor, - 
to b. a letter to anyone, literas ad ali- 
quem or alicui af., Cic. Fig.: Ib. you 
peace, pacem ad vos affero, PL: fre- 
quent reports were brought, crebri ru- 
mores afferebantur, Caes.: to b. the con- 
sulship into a family, consulatum in 
familiam af., Cic. It sometimes means 
“to bring news”: the scouts brought 
news that everything was quiet, explora- 
tores attulerunt quieta omnia esse, Liv.: 
Caes, 9, inféro, 3 to b. unto or to: 
q. Vv. 8, perféro, 3 (usu. of letters, 
news, etc., and implying the safe arrival 
of the thing at its destination): to b. 
a letter to anyone, literas ad aliquem 
p., Cic.: he brought me news of the 
battle, mihi nuntium proelii pertulit, 
Cic.: the report had been brought to 
him, fama ad eum perlata erat, Liv 

4, apporto, 1: shell-fish are brought 
From Iilyricum, cochleae de Illyrico 
apportantur, Varr.: he brought the sta- 
tues to the Roman people, signa populo 
R. apportavit, Cic. 5, advého, xi, 
ctum, 3: to b. corn to Rome, frumentum 
Romam ad, Cic.: v. TO CONVEY. (Ad- 
veho and apporto are esp. used of things 
not to be carried in the hand.) Il. Zo 


BRING BACK 





cause to come to: 1. afféro, 3 (with 
dat. or absol.): winter 6.s snows, bruma 
nives af., Lucr. Fig.: to 6. a man 
| grief, alicui aegritudinem af, ‘er.: 
| Cic.: V. TO CAUSE, OCCASION. z 
| addiico, duxi, ductum, 3 (lit. to lead to: 
| usu. foll. by prep.): we usually b. phy- 
| sicians to the sick, ad aegros medicos 
solemus ad., Cic.: Hor. Fig.: ob. a 
| man into extreme danger, hominem in 
discrimen extremum ad., Cic. 3. dé- 
porto, 1 (to b. home): to b. home a vic- 
torious army, victorem exercitum 4d., 
Cic.: Liv. Phr.: this has brought to 
ruin great states, ea res Maguas civitates 
pessunidedit, Sall.: to b. to pass; v. To 
B. ABOUT: antiquity will b. credit to the 
work, fidem est operi latura vetustas, 
Virg.: those things have brought me 
immortal glory, illa immortalem glo- 
riam mihi dederunt, Cic.: 7 lately 
brought very great honour lo Milo, that 
he checked all the attempts of Clodius, 
honori summo nuper Miloni fuit quod 
omnes Clodii conatus compressit, Cic. 
the farm will b. a smaller price, fundus 
minoris venibit, Cic. : to bring an action: 
Vv. ACTION. Ill. To cause to come to 
any state or determination: 1, de- 
diico, 3: to b. anyone to weeping and 
pity, aliquem ad fletum misericordiam- 
que d., Cic.: to b. a man to the same 
opinion, ad eandem sententiam homi- 
nem d.,Caes. Q, induco, 3: he brought 
himself to forget that he was a father, 
induxit aniinum ut patrem esse sese 
oblivisceretur, Cic.. to 6b. a friend's 
mind to a better hope, amici animum in 
spem meliorem in., Cic.: Ter.; Liv.: 
Vv. TO PREVAIL ON. 83. voco, 1: to b. 
anyone to grief, aliquem in Juctum v., 
Cic.: you are b.ing Italy to ruin and 
devastation, ltaliam ad exitium et vas- 
titatem vocas, Cic.: tob. friendship toa 
reckoning, amicitiam ad calculos vocare, 
Cic. 4, rédigo, Egi, actum, 3 (esp. 
to b. by power or authority): to b. any- 
one into favour again, aliquem in gra- 
tiam r., Ter.: to 6. a man to poverty, 
hominem ad inopiam r., Ter.- to 6. 
nations into subjection to this empire, 
gentes In ditionem hujus imperiir., Cic. 
5, perdiico, 3 (comp. perfero, supr. 
I. 3): to b. to an end, ad exitum p, 
Cic. 
bring about: J, conficio, féci, 
fectum, 3: to b. aboul peace, pacem c., 
Ter.: to b. about a marriage, nuptias c., 
Ter.: to b. about anyone's return (from 
exile), reditum alicui c., Cic. 3. 
efficio, 3: if J b. it about, will you 
give me the money ? si effecero, dabin’ 
mihi argentum? Pl.: to b. about great 
changes, Magnas rerum commutationes 
ef.,Caes. 3, perficio, 3: he b.s about 
an exchange of hostages between them, 
obsides uti inter sese dent perficit, 
Caes.: Cic. 4. concilio, 1 (with ref. 
to unrons): to b. about peace between 
citizens, pacem inter cives ¢., Cic.- to b. 
avout a marriage, nuptiasce, Nep. —§, 
conflo, 1 (implying violent action): Ter. : 
to 6 about a thing by shedding the blood 
of citizens, rem sanguine civili c., Lucr. 
6, pervinco, vici, victum, 3: ie. 
to carry one’s point, prevail: q. Vv. 
back: 1, référo, 3: he 
brought the ring b. to me, anulum ad me 
retulit, Pl.: he orders all the corn to be 
brought b. to him, frumentum omne ad 
se referri jubet, Caes.: to b. back scars 
(from the field), cicatrices domum r., 
Curt. Fig.: this man brought b. dis- 
grace into his own house, hic in suam 
domum ignominiam retulit, Cic.: these 
messages were brought b. to Caesar, haec 
Caesari mandata referebantur,Caes. 2, 
rédiico, 3 (usu. to be the means of re- 
calling): to b. anyone b. from exile, ali- 
quem de exsilio r., Cic.: to b. (back) to 
remembrance, in memoriam r., Cic.: to 
b. back winters, hiemes r., Hor.: to 0. a 
man b. to his duty, hominem ad offi- 
cium r., Cic. 8. réporto, I: v. To 
CARRY BACK. 4, révodco, 1 (lit. to 
call or summon b.): v. TORECALL. §, 
repraesento, 1 (only fig.: to make pre- 
leer again; to recall vividly): to b 
95 








BRING BEFORE 





back the anger of the gods, iram detm 
r., Liv.: the sight of the temple brought 
b. the recollection of my consulship, temn- 
plum repraesentabat memoriam consul- 
atus mei, Cic. 6, rédigo, égi, actum, 
3 (esp. of bringing b. by forve): to b. 
back military discipline to early man- 
ners, disciplinam militarem ad priscos 
mores r., Liv.: he brought b. the matter 
to the original plan, rem ad pristinam 
rationem redegit, Caes.: Hor. Phr.: 
to b. anyone back, aliquem reducem 
facere, Pl. 
bring before (call attention to) : 

1, déféro, 3. theaffair was brought 
before the council, res ad consilium delata 
est, Caes. 9, référo, 3 (esp. of laying 
@ matter before the senate): to b. a 
matter before the senate, rem ad sena- 
tum r., Sall.: the matter was again 
brought b. the senate, relata ex inte- 
gro res adsenatum, Liv. 3, prodiico, 
3: to b. anyone b. a court of law, ali- 
quem in judicium p., Cic. Phr.: to b. 
a proposal before the people, legem, 
rem, ad pepulum ferre (not veferre; v. 
Supr. 2): also rogare, of measures 
brought before the people by tribunes : 
Liv.: to b. aman 6. the praetor, homi- 
nem in jus rapere (whereas vocare is 
simply to summon), Hor. 
down: Lit.: 1. déféro, 
3: to b. down a wreath from Helicon, 
ex Helicone coronam d., Lucr.: to b. 
down an army into the plains, aciem 
in campos d., Liv. 9. dédiico, 3: 
the whole cause is brought d. to this, 
huc universa causa deducitur, Cic.: to 
b. acontinuous poem down from the first 
origin of the world to my own times, 
prima ab origine mundi ad mea per- 
petuum deducere tempora carmen, Ov. 

3.déjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (to bring d. 
forcibly ; as with a blow, etc.) : the bal- 
lista brought d. a tower, ballista turrim 
dejecit, Auct. B. Hisp.: to b. down an 
axe upon a man’s head, securim in 
caput alicujus d., Liv.: v. also To 
HUMBLE. 

—— forth: |. To bring out: 

1, prodo, didi, ditum, 3: he bs 
forth wines stored in a smoky jar, pro- 
dit fumoso condita vina cado, Ov.: lo b. 
forth sighs from the breast, suspiria 
pectore p., Ov. 2. promo, prompsi, 
promptum, 3 (esp. of stores brought 
out): to b. forth money from the trea- 
sury, pecuniam ex aerario p., Cic. So 
its comps. (i). dépromo, 3: to b. forth 
four-year-old wine, d. quadrimum me- 
rum, Hor,: to b. forth money from a 
chest, pecuniam ex arca d., Cic.: to b. 
forth arguments (as from a storehouse), 
argumenta d., Cic. (ii). expromo, 3: Pl. : 
to b. forth sad words, moestas ex. voces, 
Virg. ||. Tegivebirthto: 1, pario, 
pépéri, partum, 3 (the most frequent 
word): to b. forth children, liberos p., 
Cic.: Ter.: to b. forth (lay) eggs, ova p., 
Cic.; v. also TO PRODUCE. 2. enitor, 
gisus and nixus, 3 (referring to the 
labour of child-birth: chiefly used in 
o. part.): to have brought f. several 
thildren, plures partus enixam esse, 
Liv.: Virg. 8. gigno, génui, géni- 
tum, 3 (strictly of the male): to b. forth 
(lay) eggs, ova g.,Cic.: all things which 
the earth b.s forth, omnia quae terra g., 
Cic. 4, édo, didi, ditum, 3 (esp. poet. 
and in elevated style); Latona brought 
f. twins, edidit geminos Latona, Ov.: 
the earth brought forth innumerable 
forms, tellus edidit innumeras species, 
Ov.: Cic.: v. also TO GIVE BIRTH TO, 
BEAR. Ill. 7o yield, produce; q. v. 

1, féro, 3: my acres b. forth corn, 
jugera Cererem f., Hor.: this age has 
brought f. an almost perfect orator, 
haec aetas oratorem prope perfectum 
tulit, Cic. 9. efféro, 3: that which 
the fields b. forth, id quod agri ef., Cic.: 
Italy has brought f. an energetic race of 
men, Italia genus acre virum extulit, 


Virg. 

forward: 1, offéro, 3 to 
b. forward charges (against some one), 
crimina of., Cic. 2. proféro, 3. tob. 
forward anything in public, rem in 














BRING OUT 





medium p., Cic.: to b. forward wit- 
nesses, testes p., Cic. 3. ago, égi, 
actum, 3 (lit. to discuss, q. v.): the sub- 
ject is not afterwards b. forward 
in the senate, in senatu postea causa 
non agitur, Cic. 4. référo, 3: esp. 
with reference to the senate: v. also TO 
BRING BEFORE, FORTH. 
; a in or into: |, To carry 
in . inféro, 3 (with dat. or prep.) : 
to b. ladders to the walls, scalas ad moe- 
nia in., Liv.: to 6. spoils into a temple, 
spolia templo in., Liv.: to b. in false 
accounts, rationes falsas in., Cic.: to b. 
anything into account, aliquid rationi- 
bus in., Col. 2. importo, 1: he pre- 
vented supplies from being brought into 
the town, commeatus importari in op- 
pidum prohibebat, Caes. 8, invého, 
vexi, vectum, 3 (this and the preceding 
word of things not brought on the per- 
son): tob. money into the treasury, in 
aerarium pecuniam in., Cic.: to b. in 
the corn crops, frumenta in., Plin.: 
wealth has brought in avarice, divitiae 
avaritiam invexerunt, Liv. 4, in- 
diico, 3 (to b. in: usu. with prep.) : to 
b. the accused into the senate house, reos 
in curiam in., Suet.: to b. the sea by a 
trench to the city, mare fossa urbi in., 
Suet. Fig.: to b. discord into a state, 
discordiam in civitatem in., Cic.: to b. 
money into account, pecuniam in ra- 
tionem in., Cic. |], Zo yiela produce, 
qa.v.  ], efficio, 3: vineyards b. in 100 
seskrtii per acre, vineae centenus ses- 
tertios in singula jugera ef., Col. . Cic. 
2, reddo, didi, ditum, 3: the farms 
b. in produce, fructum praedia r., ‘Ter. 
ff: esp. from a field of 
battle: référo, 3 (lit. to b. back: q. v.): 
to b. an image off from the field, simu- 
lacrum ex acie r., Curt.: Vv. TO SAVE, 


RESCUE, 
onorupon: 1, afféro, 3: 
nothing shall hereafter b. grief upom 
me, nulla res posthac mi aegritudinem 
afferet, Ter. 2. inféro, 3 (esp. of 
hostile action): to b. war upon the R. 
people, populo R. bellum in., Caes. : 
to b. infamy upon the good, infamiam 
bonis in., Cic. 8. apporto, 1: he does 
not know how much loss the little gain 
may b. upon him, ille haud scit paulum 
lucri quantum ei damni apportet, Ter. 
4, importo, 1: to b. on painful ill- 
nesses, Morbos acerbos im., Cic.: to b. a 
misfortune upon anyone, calamitatem 
alicui im., Cic.: Phaedr. 5, addico, 
3. tob. on fevers, febres ad., Hor. 6. 
indiico, 3: the winds which b. on cloudy 
weather, venti qui nubilum in., Plin. 
7. conscisco, scivi, scitum, 3 (of 
what is voluntarily incurred): to b. 
death upon oneself, i.e. to commit sui- 
cide, sibi mortem c., Caes.: Cic.: to b, 
on blindness, caecitatem sibi c., Gell. 
Io, 17. 8. contraiho, traxi, tractum, 
3 (of bringing persons or things toge- 
ther: q. v.): [have browyht trouble on 
myself, mihi negotium contraxi, Cic.: 
to b. on a contest, certamen c., Liv. 
9, objicio, jéci, jectum, 3. to b. a 
panic upon the enemy, terrorem hosti 
ob., Liv.: Cie.: Virg. 

—— out: |. To carry out, cause 
to come out: 1, efféro, 3~ to b. out 
money, argentum ef., Pl.: to b. a child 
out of doors, puerum extra aedes ef., 
Ter. 2. proféro, 3: to b. arms out 
Srom a town, arma ex oppido p., Caes. : 
Cic. 8. prodtico, 3: he brought out 
Roman knights on the stage, equites R. 
produxit in scenam, Suet. 4, élicio, 
lichi, licitum, 3 (of that which is 
brought out with effort or contrivance) : 
to b. out tron from hollow places in the 
earth, e cavernis terrae ferrum e., Cic.. 
to b. out words from the bottom of 
one’s breast, voces pectore ab imo e., 
Lucr. : v. TO ELICIT. 5, excio, 4 (to 
summon forth): to b. out souls from the 
tombs, animas sepulcris ex., Virg.: to b. 
the consul out of the city, consulem ab 
urbe ex., Liv. Phr.: he brought out 
the veins, i. e. represented them in re- 
hef in paintings, venas protulit, Plin. 

Il. To publish: q.v. Phr. to b.| 











BRISKLY 





out a play, fabulam dare or docere, 
Ter.: Cic.: Hor. 
bring over: = J, To carry or cause 
to come across: 1, perdiico, 3: he 
brought all the ships over in safety, 
omnes incolumes naves perduxit, Caes. 
2. tradiico, 3: tob. a king over into 
Europe, regem in Europam t., Liv. 
Caes. Il. To induce to agree with. 
1, concilio, 1: to b. over legions to 
one’s side, legiones sibi c., Cic.: ‘ac. 
2. perdiico, 3: to b. over anyone to 
one’s opinion, aliquem ad suam senten- 
tiam p.,Cic. 3, traduco, 3 : he brought 
me over to his opinion, traduxit me ad 
suam sententiam, Cic. 
to (naut. ¢. ¢.): 1, appello, 
puli, pulsum, 3 (with acc., abl., or ab- 
sol.): the Persians had brought their 
Jleet to at Delos, Persae ciassem ad 
Delum appulerant, Cic. : he had brought 
to at Rhegium in a merchant vessel, 
Rhegium oneraria nave appulerat, Suet. - 
they brought to at the island, ad in- 
sulam appulerunt, Liv. 2, applico, 
I (Same constr. as 1): he brought the 
ships to at Heraeum, ad Heraeum naves 
applicuit, Liv.: they b. to land, ad ter- 
ram applicant, Bell. Hisp.: what force 
b.s (you) to these savage shores? quae 
vis immanibus applicat oris? Virg. 
tegether: 1. cdgo, cdégi, 
cOactum, 3: to b. together ships, in- 








fantry, cavalry, naves, peditatum, equi- 


tatum c., Caes. : Vv. TO COLLECT, P 
contraho, xi, ctum, 3: friendship b.s 
all things together, amicitia omnia c., 
Cic.: to b. together an army, c. exer- 
citum in unum locum, Caes.: fo b. 
people together for a conference, ho- 
mines in colloquium c., Liv.: v. To 
ASSEMBLE, COLLECT. 3, comparo, I: 
esp. in phr. to b. together forces, copias 
c., Cic, (the phrase includes the rais- 
tng of the forces as well as the con- 
centration of them, which last is expr. 
by cogo or contraho- vy. supr. 1, 2). 
4, congéro, gessi, gestum, 3: Vv. 
TO COLLECT, Fig.; to b. together argu- 
ments, argumenta c., Quint, 5, con- 
cilio, 1 (chiefly in Lucr.): particles of 
matter are brought together, corpora ma- 
teriai conciliantur, Luer. Also of matri- 
mony: Vv. TO MAKE A MATCH. 6. 
corrado: V. TO SCRAPE TOGETHER. 7, 
corrogo, 1 (i.e. to b. together by ask- 
ing): to b. together one’s connexions, 
suos necessarios c., Cic.: Liv. Phr.: 
to b. lovers together, amantes inter se 
facere convenas, Pl. 
under: Vv. TO SUBDUE. 

p: |. To cause to come 
to: 1, subdico, 3 to b. up the tria- 
rit from the rearmost line, triarios ex 
postrema acie s., Liv.: to b. up the sol- 
diers at quick march on to the hill, mi- 
lites pleno gradu in collem s., SalL 

Q. cdgo, cdégi, actum, 3: he brought 
up his slaves to the place of trial, ad 
judicium omnem suam familiam coegit, 
Caes.: the cavalry brought up the rear, 
equites agmen cogebant, Liv. Phr. . 
to b. up the rear, agmen claudere, Caes. 

I]. Zo train up: édiico, I+ Vv. TO 
EDUCATE. 

brink; margo, inis, c.: Vv. EDGE, 
MARGIN. Phr.: he was brought to the 
b. of the grave, *minimum abfuit quin 
morte opprimeretur. 

briny: salsus: the b. sea, s. aequor, 
Lucr. . b. tears, s. lacrimae, Lucr.: Virg. 

brisk: 1, lacer, cris, cre (lively 
and cheerful): they saw Catiline b. and 
cheerful, videbant Catilinam a atque 
laetum, Cic. 2. végttus ( fresh, un- 
tired): the tired fought with the fresh 
and b., fessi pugnabant cum recentibus 
et v., Liv. (But both of the above 
words denote usually a higher quality 
than the English; implying vigour, en- 
terprise, spirit.) Phr.: a b. gale of 
wind, *venti flatus vehementior. 





brisket: *pectus (agninum, bovi- 
num, etc.). , 
briskly : 1, Alacriter : Justin. 
2. strenié: go b. before and open 

the door, abi prae strenue ac aperi fores, 





| 
; 


=—s" --rs 


, 


b.ing spears, horrentes hastae, 


BRISKNESS 









Ter.: Cic.: v. vicorousLy. (Or expr. 
by adj., as, he rises b. to his appointed 
work, vegetus praescripta ad munia sur- 
git, Hor.: v. BRISK.) 

briskness: Alacritas : Cic.: Caes.: v. 
SPIRIT, LIVELINESS, 
bristle (subs.): séta (saeta): Cic.: 
.: Juv. 

bristle (v.): 1, horréo, 2: his 
rough legs were b.ing with thick hairs, 
horrebant densis aspera crura pilis, Ov. : 
Virg. 

2. horresco, horriti, 3 (begin to b.: 
t. in this sense): his arms began to 

. with black feathers, brachia coeperunt 
nigris h. villis, Ov. 3, inhorresco, 3 : 
hens b. up when they have laid an egg, 

linae in. edito ovo, Plin.: Virg. 4, 

circuml.: setas erigere: v. BRISTLE, 

bristling (subs.) : horror: the b. up 
of the hair, comarum b., Lucan. 

bristly: 1, hirsitus: animals b. 
with prickles, animantes spinis h., Cic. : 
icy winter b. with hoary locks, glacialis 
hiems canos h. capillos, Ov. 9. hir- 
tus (poet.): vocks b. with thickets, saxa 
dumis h., Stat.: Ov. 3. horridus: a 
b. pia, h, sus, Virg.: a b. beard, bar- 
bula h., Cic. 4, sétiger, Gra, ernm 
(poet.: in masc. used as subs. for boar, 
swine): the b. swine, s. sus, Lucr.: the 
b. herd, s. pecus, Ov. 5, sét0sus: the 
b. boar, s. aper, Virg.: a b. forehead, s. 
frons, Hor.: Cels. 

brittle: fragilis, e: b. boughs, f. 
rami, Virg.: b. bronze, aes f., Plin. 

brittleness : fragilitas: frankin- 
cense ts tested by its b., tus probatur 
fragilitate, Plin. 

broach (svbs.) : véru: v. sprr. 

ach (v.): J. To spit: q.v. 
||. To tap, pierce: q.v. (For ordi- 
Mary purposes to broach may be nearly 
enough expressed by rélino: v. Ter. 
Heaut. 3, 1, 51.) Il. Zo utter an opi- 
nion for the first time, *opinionem no- 
vam in medium proferre: v. TO BRING 
FORWARD. 

broad: |. Wide: latus: a b. 
roud : |, via, Cic.: trenches 15 feet b., 
fossae xv pedes L., Caes.: b. shoulders, 
L humeri, Virg. Phr.: it is as b. as it 
is long, i. e. it comes to the same thing, 
it makes no difference, eodem redit, 
eodem revolvitur res; nibil interest, etc. 

I]. Extensive, vast: amplus. [I], 
Of pronunciatim: Phr.: ab. pronun- 
ciation, verborum latitudo, Cic. (Vastus 
is more extensive in its reference than 
the Eng. word: v. AWKWARD, UNCOUTH. 
The adj. latus appears not to occur in 
this sense.) IV. Open, clear: q. v. 
Phr.: to sleep till it is b. daylight, ad 
multum diem dormire (ad medios dies 
dormire), Hor. V. Gross: q.v. 
Phr.: to frolick with rude verses and 
6. grins, versibus incomptis ludere, risu- 
que soluto, Virg.: to set people on the 
b. grin, risu diducere rictum, Hor.: to 
know the difference between a b. joke 
and a refined one, inurbanum lepido 
seponere dicto, Hor, 

broad-cloth : v. ciorn. 

broad-leaved: latifolius: the b. 
myrtle, |. laurus, Plin. 

broadly ; laté: v. wmery. Phr.: 
to pronounce letters b., literas diiatare, 
aS latitudine verborum uti: v. BROAD 
(du. 

i ndnide : Phr.: to firea b., *ex 
omnibus tormentis quae ad unum latus 
navis longae collocata sunt globos fer- 
reos simul projicere. 
aproad-sword: gladius: see Tac. 


gr. 36. 

brocade: séricum aureo vel argenteo 
filo intertextum. Phr.: dresses of b., 
vestes attalicae, Prop. 

brocket (@ deer two years old): si- 
biilo, Onis, m.: Plin. 

brocoli: brassica oleracea Botrytis : 


n. 

brogue (@ shoe): péro, onis, m.: 
Virg. ene ( 7 

broil (subs.): rixa: 
WRANGLE, FRAY. 

broil (v.): A, Trans,: torréo, ui, 
tostum, 2: to b. meat on a gridiron, 


Vv. QUARREL, 











BROTH 





*carnem in craticula torrere: v. TO 
ROAST. B, Intrans.: torréor, tostus, 
2: the middle zone b.s with the heat of 
the sun, medius cingulus solis ardore 
torretur, Cic. 

broiling (adj.) : 1, torridus: b. 
summer, jire, t. aestas, ignis, Virg.: 
Prop. 2. aestiidsus: the b. Syrtes 
(desert), a. Syrtes, Hor. 

broken (part. and adj.): for the 
part., Vv. TO BREAK. Pbhr.: b, down, 
confectus: v. WORN OUT, DISABLED: b.- 
hearted, *animo penitus fracto atque 
afflicto s. dejecto: to speak in b. words, 
infracta et amputata loqui, Cic. (cf. 
incondita jactare, Virg. E. 2, 5): to 
become b.-winded, ilia ducere, Hor.: to 
become decrepit and b.-down (fig.), con- 
senescere atque decoquere, Flor. 


broker: 1, interpres, prétis: Cic, 
. cocio, Onis: Pl.: v, AGENT, 
FACTOR. 


brokerage : 1, interprétium : 
Amm. Q, proxénéticum: Ulp. 

bronze (suwbs.) : aes, aeris, n.: Cic. : 

irg.: b.s, i. e. works of art in b., aera, 
Hor. 

bronze (adj.): 1, 4éneus or ahé- 
neus: a b. statue, signum aeneum, Cic. : 
Hor.: a b. coloured beard, barba aenea, 
Suet. 2. aénus or abénus (poet.): 
b. statues, aéna signa, Lucr.: Virg. 

8. aeratus (of things partly made 

of or ornamented with b.): b. ships, a. 
naves, Hor. 4, aeréus: b. horns, a. 
cornua, Virg.: Suet. 

bronze (v.): Phr.: to b. an iron 
gate, *portae ferreae speciem aeris in- 
ducere, 

brooch: fibiila: a gold b., aurea f., 
Virg.: Liv. 

brood (v.): |. Yo sit on (asa 
hen): incibo, wi, itum, 1: we allow 
hens to b. upon the produce of other 
(birds), gallinas in. fetibus alienigenis 
patimur, Col. I]. Zo dwell mentally 
upon: ], inciibo, 1: to b. over money, 
pecuniae in., Cic.: to b. over gold, auro 
in., Virg. 9. foveo, fovi, fotum, 2: 
I b/d upon my prayers, animo mea vota 
fovebam, Ov.: so, in pectore f., Pl. 8, 
agito, 1: to b. long over a subject, rem 
multa cum animo a., Cic.; agitare se- 
cum, Ter.; cogitatione a., Quint.: v. TO 
CONTEMPLATE, MEDITATE ON. 

brood (subs.) : |, All the young 
birds, etc., hatched together : 1. fe- 
tira: the best b. of hens, optima galli- 
narum f., Plin. 2. nidi, orum (chiefly 
poet.): a chattering b., n. loquaces, 


Virg.: Sen. 3. fetus, tis: the b. of 
honey-making bees, f. melliferarum 
epium, Ov. Il. Offspring, progeny : 


1, fetus, is: who fears theb.s which 
shaggy Germany brings forth? quis 
pavet Germania quos horrida parturit 
fetus? Hor. 
Clodian b., Clodiana g., Cic. 
tus, is: earth mourns for her b. (of 
giants), terra maeret partus (suos), 
Hor. 

brood (adj.): Phr.: b. mares, 
equae feturae habiles (cf. Virg. G. 
3, 62). 

brooding (subs.): 1. incubatio: 
Plin. 2. incibitus, is: Plin. 

brook (subs.): 1, rivus: Caesar 
had diverted the course of all the rivers 
and 6.8, omnia flumina atque omnes r. 
Caesar averterat, Caes.: icy b.s, gelidi 
r., Hor. Dimin., rivilus, a small b., 
Prud. 2. amniciilus : Liv. 

brook (v.): féro, 3: v. TO ENDURE, 
PUT UP WITH. 

broom (a@_ plant) : 1, génista 
(Spanish b., *Spartium junceum, Linn., 
and dyers b., *genista tinctoria, Linn.) : 
Virg.. Plin. 2. spartum: Plin. 

broom (a domestic implement) : 
scOpae, arum (prop. twigs): Cic.: Hor. 

broom-rape (@ plant): drdbanché, 
és: Plin. 

broom-stick : 
brium. 

broth: jus, juris, n.: black b., nig- 
rum j., Cic.: Pl.: mutton b.,jus ovillum, 
Cels.: veal b., j. vitulinum, Cels. Phr.: 
the same thing me into b. is more 


*scOparum manu- 


2. gens, gentis, f.: the | 
3. par- | 


BRUISE 








nourishing than when rvasted, res eadem 
magis alit jurulenta quam assa, Cels. 


brothel: 1, lustra, orum, n., pl. : 
PE ‘Clic: . lipanar, aris, n.: 
Quint. 3. ganéum: Pl.: Ter. 


ganéa: Cic.: Liv. 5. fornix, ce 
m,: Hor.: Juv. 6. stabilum (=pro- 
stibilum): prop. a place of sale or hire: 
P1.: Cic. 

brother: frater, tris: twin bs, f. ge- 
mini, Cic.; f. gemelli, Ov.: uterine ba, 
f. uterini, Cod. Just.: a full b., (i.e. 
having the same parents, or at least the 
same father), germanus frater, Ter.: 
Cic.: sometimes germanus alone has 
this sense: Ter.: Virg.: the Aedut 
have many a time been called bs and 
kinsmen by the senate, Aedui f. consan- 
guineique saepenumero a senatu appel- 
lati sunt, Caes. Dimin.: fraterciilus, a 
little or dear b.: Cic.: Juv. A b.-in-law 
(husband’s b.), lévir, iri: Dig.: Non.: 
sororis maritus (sister's husband) : Cic. 
Phr.: toact, love, like a brother, fra- 
terne facere, amare, Cic.: v. BROTHERLY. 

brother’s (adj.): fraternus: the 
guilt of ab.’s murder, scelus fraternae 
necis, Hor.: envy against one’s b., fra- 
terna invidia, Sall.: v. BROTHERLY. 

brotherhood: I. The relation- 


ship of brothers : . Sermanitas 
(comp. BROTHER): Cic,: Liv. 2. fra- 
terna necessitido: Cic. 3. frater- 


nitas: Tac. (The latter terms are less 
precise.) I]. An association of men: 
perh. sddalitas: v. FRATERNITY, SOCIETY, 

brotherly : fraternus: b. love, amor 
f,, Caes.: Cic.: b. souls, f. animi, Hor. 
Phr.: you act in a b. way, facis fra- 
terne, Cic. 

brow: |. The eye-brow : stipercil- 
jum. I]. The forehead (q. v.): frone, 
tis, f.: to knit the b.s, frontem contrah- 
ere, Cic.: to smooth the b.s, f. explicare, 
Hor.: to smite the b., f. ferire, Cic.: a 
jouful b., laeta f., Virg.: an anxious b., 
sollicita f., Hor. Id. The edge of a 
steep place: sipercilium: the 6. of a 
hill, s. tumuli, Liv.: Virg. 

browbeat: Phr.: to b. one’s op- 
ponents, adversarios miunaciter terrere, 
Cic.: to b. a witness, testem terrere, or 
testem aspere incessere, Quim.: fo b. 
the jury, judices minis et terrore com~ 
movere, Cic, Font. 11, 24. 

browbeating (subs.): minae: v. 
MENACES; also preceding art. 

brown (adj.): 1, fulvus: there 
are four colours in wines, white, b. 
blood-red, black, colores vinis quatuor, 
albus, f., sanguineus, niger, Plin.: b. 
kine, f. boves, Flin.: b. hair, f. caesaries, 
Virg. (Fulvus however more nearly 
applies to our tawny, and implies a 
dash of gold or yellow: whence fulva 
sidera, ‘l'ib.). 2. spadix, icis: i.e. 
chestnut colour: q. v. 3, ribidus, 
(something between red and black : Gell. 
2, 26): PL N.B. Fuscus is not the 
name of a colour, but signifies only a 
dark, murky, hue (similarly infuscns, 
Col.): it may of course be applied to 
brown objects: v. DARK, DUSKY. Gell 
remarks on the indistinctness of Latin 
wosds expressing reddish or brownish 
colour: 1. ¢. 

brown (v.): |. To bring to a 
brown, swarthy hue: cdléro, 1: Vv. TO 
TAN ; SUNBURNT. If. Zo brown meat 
in cooking : *carnes torrere donec rubido 
colore fiant (cf. Pl. Cas. 2, 5, 2). 

browse: 1, carpo, psi, ptum, 3: 
to b. the grass, gramen c., Virg. (of 
horses): let us b. (i. e. make our cattle 
do so) the cool pastures, carpamus fri- 
gida rura, Virg. 9. tondeo, tdtondi, 
tonsum, 2: the bullocks b. on the cop- 
pices, t. dumeta juvenci, Virg.: Lucr. 

3, attondeo, di, sum, 2: the kids b. 

on the young shoots, tenera at. virgulta 
capellae, Virg.: v. TO NIBBLE. 4. 
dépasco, pavi, pastum, 3: Kids 0. on the 
dewy pasture, haedi roscidas herbas d., 
Col. : Vv. TO FEED ON. 

bruise (v.): 1, contéro, trivi, tri 
tum, 3 (of things without life): Ov.: 
Plin.: v. TO POUND, 2. contundo, 
|_tudi, tisum, 3: to 0. anyone with the 

Q7 








BRUISE 


BUFF 








jists, aliquem pugnis c., Pl.: to b. the 
breast by a blow, pectus ictu c., Ov. 
3. infringo, trégi, fractum, 3: to b. 
one’s side, latus in., Hor. 4, sugillo, 
1 (to make black and blue): Sen.: Plin. 
bruise (subs.) : 1, contiisio: 
Scrib. 9. contisum: Plin. 3. 
sugillatio (the mark of a b.): Plip. 
bruit (subs.): clamor, rumor: v. 
NOISE, RUMOUR. 
bruit (v.): chiefly in phr. to b. 
abroad: vulgo, 1: v. TO SPREAD, GET 
ABROAD. 
brunette; puella fusca, subfusca, 
subfuscula: v. DARK. 
brunt; Phr.: to sustain the b. of 
unpopularity, molem invidiae sustinere, 
Cic.: to bear the b. of the battle, *maxi- 
mum proelii impetum sustinere (Ains.) ; 
totam vim hostium experiri, sustinere. 
brush (subs.) : |. An instrument 
for removing dust, dirt, etc. ape 
nictilus: used for scouring tables, Pi. 
Men. 1, 1, 2; for cleaning boots, qui 
detergentur baxeae, ib. 2, 3,40. Dimin. 
pénicillus or -um; an artist's b.: Cic. : 
Plin, 2. scopiila (dimin. of scopae: 
Vv. BROOM): used in pitching jars, Col. 
12, 183; in cleaning out jars, Cato, R. 
R. 26. 3, muscarium (for brushing 
away flies): Mart. (lemm.). Il. 4 
bushy tail: muscarium: used of a 
horse’s tail: Veg. Vet. I. 4 fray, 
skirmish: q. Vv. 
brush (v.): |. To take the dirt 
off : 1, détergeo, si, sum, 2: to b.a 
table clean, mensam d., Pl.: to b. shoes, 
baxeas d., Pl. 9. extergeo, 2 (i. e. 
to b. out the interior of a vessel): 
Cato. Phr.: to b. out a closet, b. the 
teeth, *armarium, dentes purgare: v. TO 
CLEANSE. |], Zo sweep or touch lightly: 
verro, verri, versum, 3: the surface of 
the sands is b.’d by its tail, summae 
cauda verruntur arenae, Ov.: Virg. 
Phr.: to b. past a person, hominem 
praetereundo leviter terere : v. TO GRAZE, 
TO SWEEP. lI]. To b. away. remove : 
Phr.: to b. away tears, lacrimas de- 
tergere, Ov.: the wandering heifer b.’s 
off the dew, errans bucula decutit rorem, 
Virg. IV. Zo brush up: v. TO FUR- 
BISH UP, ADORN. 
brushwood: 1, sarmentum (usu. 
pl.): Caes.: Cic. 2. ramalia, ium 
(cut b.): Ov.: Tac. 3. virgultum 
(usu. pl.): virgulta and sarmenta are 
sometimes combined ; as, Caes. B. G. 3, 
18, fin. (Sarmenta are properly cut- 
tings, prunings; virgulta twigs and 
brushwood generally.) 
brushy : Vv. BUSHY, SHAGGY. 
brutal : i.e. inhuman, cruel, rude: 
1, férus (i. e. wild, rude; unsoft- 
ened by any influences) : no one is so 
b. but he may become gentle, nemo adeo 
f. est, ut non mitescere possit, Hor.: the 
Britons b. to their guests, Britanni hos- 
pitibus f., Hor.: Cic.: v. wIbp. BA 
agrestis, e (i.e. rude, boorish, q. v.): ab. 
and passionate master, dominus a. et 
furiosus, Cic.: a b. countenance, vultus 
a., Ov. 3, inhimanus: v. INHUMAN. 
4, imm§anis, e: v. SAVAGE, CRUEL. 
brutality : 1, féritas (savage 
wildness: V. BRUTAL): to lay aside b. 
(of manners), f. exuere, Ov. (of the early 
Romans): 6., which tales a pleasure in 
cruelty, f. cui voluptati saevitia est, 
Sen. (N.B.—Not ferocitas or ferocia ; 
which usu. signify high spirit, marial 
temper, etc.) 2. immanitas (savage- 
ness ; monstrous and inhuman cruelty) : 
in b. of manners he surpasses the most 
monstrous beasts, morum immanitate 
vastissimas vincit belnas, Cic.: v. cRU- 
ELTY, INHUMANITY. 
brutalize: efféro, 1: to b. the feel- 
ings, animos ef., Liv.: purposely to b. 
one’s features, vultum de industria ef., 
Suet. Phr.: to become altogether b.d, 
omnem humanitatem exuere, Cic. : 
*omnino ferum atque inhumanum fieri. 
brutally ; inhimané, immaniter: v. 
CRUELLY, BARBAROUSLY. 
brute (subs.): v. Beas? Phr.: like 
o.s, they refer everything to pleasure, 


pecudum ritu ad voluptatem omnia re- 


08 


ration of budding : 1, oculos inserére 
8. imponére: Virg. 2. emplastro, 1: 
Col. 

budding (subs.): |. The putting 
Forth of buds: 1, conceptus, ts: 
Plin. 9. germinatio: Plin. (or more 





BUILDING 





ferunt, Cic.: a thorough b., *homo om- 
nis humanitatis expers. 

brute (adj.): v. IRRATIONAL, SENSE- 
LESS. 

brutish: v. BRUTAL, SENSELESS. 

bryony: bryonia: Plin.: white b., 
ampéloleucé, és, f.: Plin.: black 6., 
ampélos, i, f.: Plin. 

bubble (subs.) : [. A small watery 
vesicle : 1, bulla: a transparent b., 
b. pellucida, Ov. 9. pustiila: to form 
in b.s in water (of false opium), in pus- 
tulas (al. pusulas) coire in aqua, Plin.: 
Vitr.: v. BLISTER. UJ. Anything un- 
substantial or unreal: bulla: if man 
is a b., much more so is an old man, si 
est homo b.,eo magis senex, Varr. [I]. 
A delusive scheme: V. CHEAT, DECEP- 
TION. Phr.: a mere b., mera somnia! 
V. DREAM, FANCY. 

bubble (v.) : 1, bullo, 1, and bul- 
lio, 4: when the wine (boils), draw the 
jive from under it, ubi bullabit vinum, 
ignem subducito, Cato: b.ing springs, 
bullientes fontes, Vitr. 9. (of a 
spring): scaiteo: v.TO GUSH UP. Phr.: 
to b., bullas s. pustulas emittere (cf. 
Vitr. 7, 2); *in pustulas quasi efflo- 
rescere: cf. BUBBLE (1. jin.). 

bubbling (svbs.) : 1, bullitus, 
ts: Vitr. 
water, undae scatebra, Virg.: Plin. 

bucaneer: praedo, pirata: Vv. PIRATE. 

uck: 1, cervus (a male stag): 


Cic.: Hor. 92. hircus (a male goat) : 
Virg.: Plin. 8, ctiniciilus (a male 
rabbit): Plin.: Mart. 

bucket: 1, hama (esp. for ex- 


tinguishing fires): Juv.: Plin. 2), 
sitila: Pl.: Dig. also, sitilus: Cato: 
Vitr. 8. modidlus (a b. on a water- 
wheel) : Vitr. 

buckle (subs.): fibiila: Liv.: Virg. 

buckle (v.): fibiila nectére: v. To 
BIND. 

buckle to: v- TO APPLY or GIRD 
ONESELF TO. 

buckler: parma: v. SHIELD. 

buckram; *linteum crassum ac righ 
dum. 

buckskin: pellis cervina: v. SKIN. 

buckthorn: rhamnos, i, f.: Plin.: 


eg. 

buckwheat: *polygonum fagopy- 
rum, Linn. 

bucolic; bicdlicus: a b. poem, bu- 
colicon poema, Col. 

bucolics: bicélica, orum: Ov.: theb.s 
of Theocritusand Virgil, bucolica Theo- 
criti et Virgilii, Gell. 

bud (subs.) : 1, gemma (ea quae 
g. dicitur, Cic.): the b.s push themselves 
From the midst of the bark, se medio 
trudunt de cortice g., Virg. 2. ger 
men, inis, n.: the b.s venture to trust 
themselves to the early suns, in novos 
soles audent se g. credere, Virg.: v. 
GERM. 3. calyx, ¥cis, m. (@ flower- 
b.): a rose-b., rosae ¢., Plin. 4, dci- 
lus (esp. with ref. to grafting): Virg. : 
Col. Phr.. to nip in the b., *aliquid 
immaturum occupare. 

bud @.): A, Intrans.: 5 
gemmo, 1: country-people speak of vines 
b.ing, gemmare vites rustici dicun!, 
Cic.: a b.ing eye, g. oculus, Col. To 
begin to b., gemmasco, 3: Col.: Plin. 

2. progemmo, 1: i.e. to put forth 

buds : Col. 3. gemmas movére: Co!. 
4, 29, ad. init. 4, germino. 1: v. TO 
GERMINATE. B, Trans.: of the ope- 


usu. expr. by verb: v. TO BUD). Il- 
A kind of grafting: emplastratio : 
Plin.: Col. 

budge: v. TO MOVE, STIR. 

budget: |. A bag, stock, store: 
q. V. II. Polit. t.¢.: publicae pecu- 
niae, accepti atque expensi ratio: v. ACc- 
COUNT. 

buff (subs.): v. LEATHER. 

buff (adj.): litéus: a b. mantle, 1. 
palla, Tib.: Hor.: v. YELLOW. 


Q. scaitebra: the b. up of 








buffalo; dos bubalus: M. L. 
buffet ; v. SIDEBOARD. 
buffet (subs.): cdlaphus: v BLUW. 
buffet (v-) : |. Lit.: célaphos in- 
fringere alicui: Ter. Phr.: we were 
long b/d by the winds and waves, 
*ventis undisque diu jactati sumus. 
I. Zo contend with: q.v. Phr.: 
the shipwrecked man buffets the wuves, 
*naufragus fluctibus obluctatur, obnit- 
itur. 
buffoon: 1. scurra (a professional 
b.): Pl: Cic.: Hor. Phr.: to play 
the b., scurrari, Hor. ; scurriliter ludere, 
Plin. 2, sannio, Onis (a kind of pan- 
tomimic jester): Cic. 3, parasitus 
(a professional b. who dines out for the 
amusement of guests): Pl.: Cie. 4. 
bilatro, onis: Hor. 
buffoonery: 1. scurrilitas: Quint. : 
Tac. 9, scurrilis jocus: Cie. Phr.: 
to practise b., scurrari: Vv. BUFFOON (1). 
buffoon-like; scurrilis, e: Cic. : 
Quint. : v. SCURRILOUS, 
bug: cimex, icis, m.: Hor.: Plin. 
bug-bear: 1. terricila: anempty 
b. cassa t., Afran. ap. Non.: Lact. 
Also terricula, orum: Liv.: v. INTIMI- 
DATION. Q. terriciilamentum : b.s of 
grave-yards, t. sepulcrorum, Apul. 3, 
formidamen, inis, m.: Apul. (cf. Hor. 
S. 1, 8,4). Phr.: to frighten children 
with b.s, *liberis vanos terrores incut- 
ere: vanis pavoribus terrere. 
bugle: |, A hunter’s horn: buc- 
cina: V. HORN, |. 4 bead: q. v. 
bugloss (a plant): buglossos, i, m. : 
Plin. (*echium vulgare : Dh 
build: 1, aedifico, 1: to b. a 
house, domum aed., Cic.: to b.a city, 
urbem aed., Cic.: to b. a ship, navem 
aed., Caes.: to b. more carefully, accu- 
ratius aed., Caes.: he pulls down, he 
builds, diruit, aedificat, Hor. Com- 
pounds, (i). exaedifico, 1 (to finish build- 
ing): tob. a town, oppidum ex., Caes. : 
to finish b.ing the Capitol, Capitolium 
ex., Cic. (ii). inaedifico, 1 (tu b. in or 
over): fortifications built upon the 
walls, inaedificata in muris moenia, Cic. : 
to b. upon a place, locum in., Scaev. 
Q. striio, struxi, structum, 3 (prop. 
to heap, pile up: q.v.): to b. walls, 
moenia s., Virg.: to b. houses, domos 8., 
Hor. Comps. (i). constriio, 3: birds b. 
nests for themselves, aves sibi nidos ¢., 
Cic. (ii). extriio, 3 (6. up): Fig.: 
Plato selected an unoccupied spot m 
which he might b. up a state according 
to his oun fancy, Plato aream sibi 
sumpsit in qua civitatem exstrueret 
arbitratu suo, Cic. (iii). obstriio, 3 (0. 
before): to b. a strong wall in front, 
validum murum ob., Liv. (iv). sub- 
strito, 3 (b. beneath or at the bottom): 
to b. a foundation, fundamentum s., 
Pl.: to b. the Capitol at the bottom with 
hewn stone, Capitolium saxo quadrato s., 
Liv. 3, condo, didi, ditum, 3 (lit. to 
put together): to b. an altar, aram ¢., 
Liv.: to b. a tomb, sepulcrum c., Hor. : 
to b. walls, moenia c., Just.: v. TO 
FOUND. 4, dico, duxi, ductum, 3: 
(esp. of what has length as its principal 
dimension) : to b. walls, muros d., Caes. : 
Hor. (cf. the phrase, “to carry a wall”): 
to b. an arch, arcum d., Ov. 5, mo- 
lior, 4 (implying effort, labour): to b. 
walls, muros m., Virg.: to b. a fleet, 
classem m., Virg. 6, texo, xui, xtum, 
3 (prop to weave: hence of what is 
composed of flexible materials): to b. 
ships of oak, robore naves t, Virg.: to 
b. nests, nidos t., Quint. Phr.: to b.a 
bridge, pontem facere: v. BRIDGE: to b. 
cells (of bees), favos fingere, Cic. Fig.: 
to b. upon any one, alicui confidere, in 
aliquo spem omnem collocare, in ali- 
quem ponere, Cic.: you are b.ing castles 
in the air, spes pascis inanes, Virg.: 
to b. upon sand (fig.), fundamenta in 
aqua ponere, Cic.: v.TO CONSTRUCT, 
ERECT 
—— upon (fig.): v. TO BUILD 
(fin.), TRUST TO. 
builder : 1. 
9. structor: Cic. 
building: |. Theactofu.. 1 


aedificator: Cic. 


RULB 
aedificatio : Cic. 2. exstructio: Cic.: 
Vitr. (or expr. by verb. v. TO BUILD). 

I]. A structure : 1, aedificium . 





Cie.: Liv. : ‘Caes! 2. aedificatio 
(rare): Cic. Dimin., aedificatiuncila 
Cic. 3, tectum (a dwelling): Caes.. 


Cic.: b.s in good repair, sarta tecta, 
Cic. (leg: phr.) 


bulb: 1. bulbus: Plin. 3. 
bulbilus (a small 6.): Pall. 
bulbous: 1, bulbacéus: Plin. 


2. bulbdsus: Piin. 
bulge (subs.): v. PROTUBERANCE. 
bulge out (v.): tumeo, timesco: 
Vv. 10 SWELL OUT, 
bulk: |. Lit.: magnitido, mdles. 
Il. The greater part. Phr.: the b. 
of the people, major pars populi, Cic.- 
the b. of men, Maxima pars hominum, 
Hor.: the b. of the nobles, pleraque no- 
bilitas, Sall.: the b. of us avoid labour, 
laborem plerique fugimus, Cic. Wh. 
A projecting part of a building. v. PRO- 
JECTION. 
bulk-head: *septum navale ; 07 sep- 
tum: quo navis alveus dividitur. 
bulky : ingens, praegraudis ; Sbésus: 
V. BIG, CORPULENT. 
bull (subs.): |. The animal: tau- 
tus, Cic.: Virg. Adj.: of or belung- 
ing to a b., taurinus: Ov.: Virg.: 
also tauréus, Virg. Il. The con- 
stellation so called: 1, taurus: the 
Tyrian b., Tyrius t., Mart.; so, t. 
Agenoreus, Ov.: Cic. 2. bos, bivis, 
m.: Germ. II. An absurd blun- 
der: Phr.: to perpetrate b.s, *ri- 
dicula atque inter se contraria dicere - 
Vv. CONTRADICTORY. . A Pope's 
rescript : 1. diploma summi Ponti- 
ficis : Labbe, Concil. Q, *literae signo 
Pontificis Romani impressae (Kr. and 
G.). 3, bulla (prop. the seal: bulla 
plumbea: vy. Du Cange, s. v.): Labbe: 
Calvin. (with or without l’apae). 
bull-baiting: Pbr.. the practice 
of b. has become extinct, *obsolevit 
lusus quo taurus immissis canibus irri- 
tari atque agitari solebat. 
bull-dog : *canis Molossus, Linn. 
bull’s-eye: |, Athicl circular piece 
of glass: *vitreus globus. . The 
centre of a target: Phr.: to hit the 
5., *scopum medium ferire, or, tauri 
quem dicunt oculum ferire. 
bullet: glans (plumbea): to skirm- 
ish with b.s or stones, eminus glande aut 
lapidibus pugnare, Sall.: Liv. 
bulletin: libellus: v. BILL, apver- 
TISEMENT. (It may in some cases be 
expr. by nuntius: cf. Hor. Ud. 4, 4, 69: 
Karthagini jam non ego nuntios mittam 
superbos.) 
bull-fight ; *taurémachia (Gr. rav- 
powaxia): Phr.: to see ab, *pugnam 
hominum cum tauro (tauris) composi- 
torum spectare. 
bull-finch: pyrrhula: M. L. 
ull-frog:; *rana ocellata: M. L. 
ullion: 1, aurum argentumve 
infectum: cf. Liv. 34, 10: (not aurum 
rude, which might mean gold-ore). 2, 
massa: V. MASS. 
bullock: ], taurus castratus. 
2, jivencus (a young b.): Virg.: 
Vv. OX. 
bully (subs.): homo pricax; or per- 
haps, homo procax ore, I'ac. H. 2, 233 
or procax in lacessendo, Cic. Fam. 7, 
13: Thraso alter (after the miles glo- 
riosus in Ter. Eun.): *minis colaphis- 
que promptior quam aequum est. 
bully (v.): procaciter lacesso, ivi, 
itum, 3: Vv. TO BROWSEAT. 
bulrush: 1, scirpus: Ter.: Plin. 
2. juncus: Ov.: Plin. 





bulwark: |. A fortification : 
q. V. 1. minimentum, moenia: y. 
FORTIFICATIONS. 2. propugnacilum : 


they connect the bridges and the b.s, 
pontes et p. jungunt, Virg.: Cic. Ib. 
Any means of defence: 1, propug- 
nactlum ; the b.s of tranquillity, p. 
tranquillitatis, Cic. Q. arx, arcis, f. : 
this city is the b. of ali nations, haec 
urbs arx est omnium gentium, Cic.: 
Philip regarded that city as a b. against 
the Grecian states, eam urbem pro arce 





Jix buoys over or near to: 


BUOYANCY 


BUKGLARY 





habuit Philippus adversus Graeciae civi- 


tates, Liv. 3, claustra, orum. the 
b.8 of Egypt, c. Aegypti, Liv.: a b. of 
mountains, montium claustra, ‘lac. 


4. agger, Gris, m.: Alpine b.s, a. 
Alpini, Virg.: Sen.. v. DEFENCE. — ff, 
That part of the side of a ship which 
is higher than the deck: moenia, tum : 
the b.s of a ship, moenia navis, Ov. 

bump (subs.): |. A swelling: 
q. v.: tuber, éris, m.: his whole head is 
one b. with blows, colaphis tuber est 
totum caput, Ter.: Plin. — |], A éhump: 
Phr.: to come with a b. against the 
door, *se ad fores cum sonitu impin- 
gere; fores capite, toto corpure, tundere. 

bump (?.): offendere, impingere in 
aliquid: v. TO KNOCK, THUMP. 

bumper; Phr : ab. of wine, *po- 
culum ad summum impletum ; poculum 
mero impletum: v. cup. 

bumpkin; rusticus: Cic.: Hor.: v. 
BOUR, 

bun: libum, plicenta: v. cake. 

bunch: |, A protuberance, hunch : 
q. V. Il. A cluster of fruit: race- 
mus, Uva; V.CLUSTER. — |ff, A nwmber 
of things connected together: Vv. BUNDLE. 
Phr.: @ b. of keys, *claves in anulo 
suspensae: @ b. of flowers, fasciculus, 
Cic.: V. NOSEGAY. 

bundle (subs.): 1, fascis, is, m.: 
b.s of twas, f. virgultorum, Hirt.: b.s of 
sticks, f. lignorum, ‘l'ac.: [ will relieve 
you of this b., ego hoc te f. levabo, 
Virg.: fascicitlus,a@ small 6.: a b. of 
letters, f. epistolarum, Cic.: Hor. 2) 
maniptilus (a b. of straw, ete.): Varr.- 
Virg. 3, sarcina (a wallet, knapsack) : 
Pl.: Hor.: v. BAGGAGE: sarcinila, a 
small b. of the kind: Cat.: Plin. Phr.- 
in bs, fasciatim or fasceatim (v. rare), 
Quint. 1, 4, 20: (perh. better expr. by 
per fasces singulos, or in fasces, fasci- 
culos). 

bundle out (v.): colloq.: foras ex- 
turbare, extrudere; v. TO TURN OUT. 

bung (subs.): 1, cortex, icis, m. 
and f. (a cor of any kind): Cato: 
Hor. 2, obtiramentum (gen. term 
for the stopper of casks, etc.): Plin. 

3. obturacilum: (foregoing) - 

Marc. Emp. 

bung (v.): cortice obtiro, or simply 
obtiro: v. TO FASTEN UP. 

bung-hole: *locus obturamenti; or 
simply, foramen: v. HOLE. 

bungle (v.): A, Trans.: Phr.: 
to b. a business, *rem inscite gerere ; 
hegotium corrumpere: v. UNSKILFULLY, 
and TO MAR, SPOIL. B, Intrans.: in- 
scite agere ; (turpiter) labi, errare: v.70 
BLUNDER. 

bungle (subs.): *inscitum (inscite) 
factum: vy. UNSKILFUL. 

bungler: 1. homo riidis, orsimply, 
Tidis (strictly denoting absence of cul- 
ture): was I such a b.? so ignorant of 
affairs, tam eram r.? tam ignarus re- 
rum? Cic 2, impéritus: v. uNSKIL- 
FUL, and foll. art. 

bungling (adj.): impéritus, insci- 
tus; laevus: Vv. UNSKILFUL, 

bunglingly; intabré, 
UNSKILFULLY. 

bunting (a bird): anthus: Plin.: 
the yellow b., chlorion, Onis, m.: Plin. 

bunting (stuff for flags): *teuuis 
pannus laneus ad vexilla facienda aptus. 

buoy (subs.): *index in freto positus 
(in summa aqua innatans, et catena des- 
tinatus) ad navium cursus signandos. 

buoy (v.): |. Yo keep afloat: 
Phr.: the sailors b.'d the vessel by at- 
taching empty caslcs to its sides, *cadis 
vacuis ad navis latera alligandis nautae 
eam submergi prohibebant. Il. Zo 
Phr.: to b. 
a coast, *navium secundum oram cursus 
indicibus fluitantibus signare. Ill. 
Fig.: to sustain: Phr.: b.’d up by 
empty hope, spe elatus inani: v. To sus- 
TAIN. 

buoyancy: |. Lit.: (@). of the 
power to foat: lévitas. Vv. LIGHTNESS, 
(b). of the power to cause to float: 
vis: the waters of that sea have such 
b. that tt is impossible to sink, *ejus 


inscité: v, 








maris aquae tanta vis est ut in ea 
submergi nequeas. il. Fig.: of the 
mind; hilaritas, quasi inimersabilis vis 
animi (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22). v. cHEER- 
FULNESS, ELASTI€/TY. 
buoyant: J. Lit.: (@). of that 
which will not sink: lévis: Vv. LIGHT. 
(6). of a fluid which bears up: *quod 
sustinet; quod eam vim bubet ut cor- 
pora innatantia sustineat; v. TO FLOAT. 
Il. Fig.: of the spirits: hilaris, 
immersabilis (??) v. CHEERFULNESS. 
bur: i.e. the prickly fuwer of the 
burdock: *lappae flusculus hirsutus. 
Phr.: to stick to one like a b., cf., non 
missura cutem nisi plena cruoris hirudo, 
Hor. A. P. fin. 
burbot (/ish): mustéla. Plin. (*lota 
fluviatilis: M. L.). 
burden (subs.) : |. Load: snus, 
€ris, n.: to support a b., onus sustinere, 
Pl. : lo remove the b.s from the draught 
cattle, jumentis 0. deponere, Caes.: Ov. 
Fig.: the b. of duty, officii 0., Cic.: to 
be a b. lo any one, oneri esse alicui, Liv. : 
the b. of proof, o. probandi, Dig. Phr.: 
beasts of b., jumenta oneraria, Liv.; or 
simply jumenta, Caes.: ships of b., naves 
onerariae, Caes. Il. Taxes, pecuniary 
imposts (q.v.): bnus: a borough weigh- 
ed down by veru great b.s, municipium 
maximiso. pressum,Cic. Phr.: estates 
which were subject to b.8, praedia quae 
serviebant, Cic.: estates subject to b.s, 
praedia serva, Cic.: liability of pro- 
perty to bs, servitus, tus, f.: Cic.: 
Ulp.. free from b.s,imminis, Cic. — |ff, 
The capacity of a ship: Phr.: a ship 
of 300 amphorae b., navis trecentarum 
amphorarum, Liv. IV. A verse re- 
peated in a song at certain intervals : 
versus intercalaris. Serv. 
burden (v.): |, Lit.: 1, dnéro, 
I (not implying excess of load): v. TO 
LOAD. 2. opprimo, pressi, pressum, 
3: to beb.d with too much clothes, op- 
primi injectu multae vestis, T'ac.: Cic. 
3. gravo, 1: mules b.’d (i. e. heavily 
laden) with packages, muli gravati sar- 
cinis, Phaedr. For burdened as adj. 
(onustus), Vv. LADEN. ff, Fig.: Toop- 
press, overpower (q.v.): ], Onéro, 1: to b. 
ajguryman with arguments, judicem ar- 
gumentis o., Cic.: to b. anyone with 
misfortunes, aliquem malis on., Virg. 
2. opprimo, 3 (stronger than onero): 
to be b.’d with a load, onere opprimi, 
Cic.: V. TO OPPRESS. 
burdensome: 1. srivis, e: a 
golden cloak is b. in summer, cold in 
winter, aestate g. est aureum amiculum, 
hieme frigidum, Cic.: fo some persons 
every period of life is b., nonnullis om- 
nis aetas g. est, Cic. Q2. onérdsus: b. 
plunder, on. praeda, Virg.: a@ more 6. 


lot, onerosior sors, Ov.: Plin. = 
molestus: v. TROUBLESOME. Phr.: to 
be b. to anyone, alicui oneri esse. ¥ 
L. G. § 297. 
burdock (plant): lappa: Virg. 
bureau: armarium, scrinium: v 


CLOSET, WRITING-DESK. 

burgess : |. The inhabitant or 
Sreeman of a borough: miuniceps, 
Civis : V. BURGHER. I]. The vepresen- 
tative in Parliament of a borough, ple- 
beius sénator: Milt. Defens.: collect- 
ively, plebs, id. 

burgher: 1, miniceps, ipis (be- 
longing to a municipium or chartered 
town): ab. of Cosa, m. Cosanus, Cic. : 
our fellow-b., m. noster, Cic. a: 
clvis: V. CITIZEN. 

burglar: 1, perfossor parietum : 
Pl. 2, effractarius: Sen. 3. ef- 
fractor: Paul. Dig. 4, directarius: 
Ulp.: v. ROBBER. 

burglarious: Phr.: to charge any- 
one with the b. entry of a house, *ali- 
quem reum facere (s. arguere) quod in 
domum alienam vi irruperit; domum 
al. effregerit: v. TO BREAK INTO. 

burglariously: mure (ritu) perfos- 
sorum. Phr.: to enter a house 6., *in 
domum vi irrumpere. 

burglary ; (dumus) effractiira: Paul. 
Dig. § hr.: to commit a b., parietes 
perfodere, Cic. 


99 


BURIAL 








burial: 1, fiinus, éris, n.: to fix 
the price of a b. and interment, mer- 
cedem funeris ac sepulturae constituere, 
Cic.: Hor. (often = death: q.v.). 2, 
stpultira (the act of burying): the 
most ancient kind of b., antiquissimum 
sepulturae genus, Cic.: to give anyone 
o., aliquem sepultura afficere, Cic.: to 
be deprived of the honours of b., honore 
sepulturae carere, Cic.: to claim the 
bodies of the slain for b., corpora inter- 
fectorum ad s. poscere, Just. 3. ex- 
s€quiae: Vv. FUNERAL. Phr.: to be 
recorded in the office for the registration 
of b.s, in rationem Libitinae (prop. the 
goddess of b.s, or her temple), venire, 
Suet. Ner. 39. 

burial-place: 1, sépulcrum (the 
b.-place of an individual or family) : 
Vv. SEPULCHRE. 2, lécus sepulturae : 
Tac. : also, locus ad sepulturam: Suet. 

8. sépulcrétium : Cat. 

buried (adj.): situs: the remains of 
Marius b. on the banks of the Arno, 
Marii sitae reliquiae apud Anienem, 
Cic.; Tib. 

burin;: caelum: v. GRAVER. 

burlesque (adj. and subs.): ridic- 
ulus: r. carmen, etc. (but this of course 
includes all kinds of amusing composi- 
tion: Kr. and Georg. give [alter Hich- 
stadt], poetae versus ad aliud quoddam 
idque ridiculum detorti). Phr.: a b. 
of grief, and anger, and indignation, 
et luctus, et irae, et indignationis ri- 
dicula imitatio, Quint. 6, 2, 26. 

burlesque (v.): Phr.: to b. a per- 
son’s gait. *incessum alicujus ridicule 
imitari. fo 6. a poem, carmen ad aliud 
quoddam idemque ridiculum argument- 
um detorquere: v. subs. 

burletta: *drama musicum. 

burly: corpiilentus: a fat b. fellow, 
homo corpulentus et pinguis, Gell.: v. 
STOUT, LARGE. 

burn (v.) : A, Trans.: |. To 
consume with fire: 1. iro, ussi, 
ustum, 3 (the most general term: also 
used of other agencies besides fire): you 
shall neither bury nor b. a dead man in 
the city, hominem mortuum in urbe ne 
sepelito neve urito, xii. Tab. ap. Cic.: 
she b.s the fragrant ceday-oil for lights 
at night, urit odoratam nocturna in 
lumina cedrum, Virg. . to b. ships, naves 
ur., Hor.: to b. cities, urbes ur., Tac. 
So the compounds of uro: (i.) adiiro, 
3 (to b. on the surface or partially): to 
b. a person’s clothes, alicujus vestimenta 
a., Liv. : to 6. (singe off ) anyone’s beard 
or hai, alicui barbam, capillum a., 
Cic,: Vv. TO SINGE. (ii.) ambiro, 3 (to 
b. all round; over the entire surface) : 
the burnt body of Hercules, Herculis 
ambustum corpus, Cic.: to restore a 
theatre that has been burnt (gutteil), 
theatrum ambustum restituere, Suet. 
iii.) péruro, 3 (rare: intens.): v. To 
BURN UP. (iv.) combiro, 3 (stronger 
than uro: to burn completely ; burn up: 
q. v.): to b. anyone alive, aliquem 
vivum c¢., Cic.: Caes. (v.) exiro, 3 
(=comburo): he was burnt alive in 
his own house, domi suae vivus ex- 
ustus est, Cic.: v. also TO PURN UP, 
DOWN. 2. crémo, 1 (to b. to ashes, 
completely to destroy by fire: Habicht, 
§ 15): to b. and destroy a city, c. et 
diruere urbem, Liv.: fo b. ships, c. 
naves, Liv.: the most regular word to 
denote the cremation of a corpse: Sulla 
wished his body to be burnt by fire, 
Sulla igni voluit cremari, Cic. So its 
comp. concrémo, which is stronger: 
they threatened to b. them alive, vivos 
igni concrematuros minabantur, Liv. : 
to b. a city with fire (reduce it to ashes), 
urbem igni c., Liv. 3, incendo, di, 
sum, 3 (strictly, to set on fire): v. To 
FIRE: to 6. incense and perfumes, tus 
et odores im., Cic.: Virg. 4, in- 
flammo, I: Vv. TO FIRE, KINDLE. 
To affect or injure by fire or heat: é 
aduro, 3 (v. supr. 1. i.) ; the philosophers 
in India submit to be ( partially, in the 
extremities or skin) burnt without 
groaning, in India sapientes sine gem- 
itu) aduruntur, Cic.: burnt bread, 

100 


Il. 
1 








BURNISH 


BURST 





panis adustus, Hor. 2. torreo, ui, 
tostum, 2: to be burnt with flame, 
flamma torreri, Cic.: v. TO SCORCH. 

3, ambiiro, 3 (v. supr. 1, ii.): to b. 
the throat (of hot foud or drink), gut- 
turem (i, e. guttur) a., Pl.: v. TO SINGE. 

4, cdquo, coxi, coctum, 3: v. TO 
BAKE: v. also, SUNBURNT. 


ignem puer qui semel adustus est. JB, 
Intrans.: |. Yo be on fire: 1. 
ardeo, arsi, arsum, 2: T'ac.: Virg.: v. 
FIRE, TO BE ON. 
BLAZE, Il. Zo be inflamed with pas- 


ston: 1, ardeo, 2: to b. with grief 


and anger, dolore et ira a., Cic.: to b. 


with love, amore a., Ter.: to b. for love 


of anyone, aliquam a., Hor. (or with 
abl. al.); iu aliqua a., Ov. 9, flagro, 
1: fo b. with desire and madness, cupi- 


ditate atque amentia f., Cic. (a stronger 


expr. than ardere). 3, aestiio, I 
(prop. to boil, be agitated): to b. with 


desire, cupiditate a., Cic.: V. TO BE IN- 


FLAMED, 


burn at the end: praetiro, ;: 
stakes burnt (and so hardened) at the 


end, praeustae sudes, Caes.: @ spear b. 
at the point, hasta praeusta, Liv. 

down: 
down a village, vicum d., Liv.: to b. 
down the parapets of towers, pluteos 
turrium d., Caes. 2, exiro, 3: to b. 
down villages (completely), vicos ex., 
Cic.: v. TO BURN UP. 3, In pass. to 





be burnt down: déflagro, 1: the temple 


of Diana was burnt down, Dianae tem- 
plum deflagravit, Cic.: Liv. 

in: i. e. fasten in marks or 
colours by burning: iniiro, 3: to b. in 
pictures (of encaustic painting), pic- 
turas in., Plin. Esp. of fixing a brand 
of infamy upon any one, alicui notam 





turpitudinis in., Cic.: to b. in marks of 


indelible infamy, aeternas alicujus me- 
moriae in. notas, Vell. (of Cicero’s in- 
vectives against Antony): v. TO BRAND. 
out: A, Trans.: exiro, 
3: Fig.: the wickedness ingrained in 
others ts burnt out by fire, aliis infectum 
scelus exuritur igni, Virg. B. In- 
trans.: to go out, expire: extinguor, 
3: V. TO BE EXTINGUISHED. Fig.: your 
resentments may burn out, deflagrare 
irae vestrae possunt, Cic. 
up: i.e. burn completely: 1, 
concrémo, 1: two ships were burnt up 
by a stroke of lightning, duae naves 
fulminis ictu concrematae sunt, Liv. (cf. 
simple verb). Q. exiiro, 3: v. TO 
BURN, DRY UP. 8, combiro, 3: to b. 
up corn, frumentum c., Caes. 4, 
péruro, 3: iLuer. 5, In Pass. to be 
burnt up: conflagro, 1: the world must 
needs be burnt up by such heats, confla- 
a terras necesse est tantis ardoribus, 

ic. 

burn (subs.) : 1, adustio (an ex- 

lb. : v. TO BURN, 1,i.): Plin.: also, 

fdusta, orum, Cels. 2. ambustum (a 
singeing or scorching): Plin.: also, am- 
bustio: Plin. 3. combustum (a b. 
in general): Plin. 4, inusta, orum: 
Plin. 

burnt, half: sémiustus: v. HALF- 
BURNT. 

burner (of dead bodies): 1, ustor. 

ic. : Cat. 2, bustiiarius: Amm. 

burning (adj.) : ], ardens, entis 
a b. zone, zona a., Ov.: the b. pain of a 
wound, vulneris a, dolor, Lucr.: b. ava- 
rice, avaritia a., Cic.: Vv. FIERY. vy 
fervens, entis: a b. wound, f. vulnus, 
Ov.. Vv. INFLAMED. 

burning (subs.): 1, ustio (cau- 
tery): Cels.: Plin. 2. adustio (v. 
BURN, subs.): Plin. 3. deflagratio 
(a b. up): the b. up of heaven and earth, 
coeli atque terrarum d., Cic.: v. CON- 
FLAGRATION. 

burning - glass : 1. spéciilum 
comburens (only applicable to mirror- 
b.s): Bacon, Nov. Org. 2, 13, 28. 5 
*vitrum causticum: scient. ¢. ¢. (Kr. 
and G.). 

burnish (v.): polio, 4: to b. statues, 
signa p., Lucr.: Plin.: v. TO POLISH. 

burnish (subs.): v. GLOSs, LUSTRE. 









































Phr.: a 
burnt child dreads the fire, *refugit 


9. flagro, 1: v. TO 


1, déiro, 3: to b. 





burnt-offering : hostia, victima: v 
VICTIM, OFFERING. Phr.: @ whole 0., 
holocaustum : Prud. 

bur-reed: sparganion: Plin. 

burrow (subs.) : ciinicilus (prop. a 
rabbit: hence of such subtersanean 
passages aS those animals construct) : 
to make b.s underground, c. sub terra 
facere, Varr.: Plin. Phr.: to make b.s, 
sub terris ponere domos, fodere cubilia, 
Virg. G. 1, 183: moles always live in 
b.s, talpae semper defossae vivunt, Plin, 

burrow (v.): sub terra cuniculos 
facere, etc. (v. preceding art.). 

burrowing (adj.): subterranéus: b. 
mice, 8. mures, Sen.: a@ 6. animal, s. 
animal, Plin. 

bursar: |. Zreasurer: q.v. i 
The holder of a bursary: *bursarius, 
M.L. (‘‘ Bursarii quibus ex bursa sti- 
pendia praestantur:” Du Cange, s. v.). 

burst (v.): AC Eaniss: I 
rumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3: the force of 
the wind is unable to 6, the cloud, non 
quit vis venti r. nubem, Lucr.: to b. 
Setters, vincula r. Cic.: Virg.: Prop.: 
the water strives to b. the lead, aqua 
tendit r. phumbum, Hor. 2, dirumpo, 
3 (b. asunder): the winds b, asunder 
the thinnest part of the cloud, venti nu- 
bis tenuissimam partem d., Cic. iS; 
displodo, plosum, 3 (to b. with a noise: 
rare and usu. in perf. part.): Luer.: a 
b. bladder, displosa vesica, Hor. 4, 
diffindo, fidi, tissum, 3: v. TO BURST 
ASUNDER. B, Intrans.: 1], Expr. 
by vefl. of verbs given under (A.): as, 
(i.) rumpor: inflated vesicles b., inflatae 
vesiculae rumpuntur, Cic.: the snake 
b.s in the meadows, in pratis rumpitur 
anguis, Virg. Fig.: to be b.ing with 
anger, ira rumpi, Hor.;: (ii) dirumpor: 
to be bang with grief, dirumpi dolore, 
Cic.: to b. with laughter, risu d., Apul. : 
(iii.) findor: snakes 6., finduntur an- 
gues, Ov. Fig.: my heart is b.ing, cor 
meum f., Pl. 2, dissilio, ti, 4 (to 
spring asunder: q.v.): the rocks b. with 
the hot vapour, d. ferventi saxa vapore, 
Lucr.: Virg. Fig.: to b. with laughter, 
risu d., Sen. 

—w— forth or out (irir.): 1, 
érumpo, 3 (sometimes with pron. re- 
jlect.): to b. forth from a camp, ex 
castris e., Caes.: they b. forth from the 
gates, portis se foras e., Caes.: fires b. 
out from the top of Etna, ignes ex 
Aetnae vertice e., Virg. Fig.: his rage 
b. forth, furor erupit, Cic.: his passion 
b. out against the ships, in naves ira- 
cundia erupit, Caes. 2. prorumpo, 
3: they b. out through the centre, per 
medios proruperunt, Caes.: to b. out 
JSrom the gates, portis p., Tac.: the tears, 
long restrained, b. forth, diu cohibitae 
lacrimae proruperunt, Plin. 3. pro- 
silio, 4 (to start out): tears b. forth, 
p. lacrimae, Mart. Pbhr.: to 6. out 
laughing, cachinnum tollere, Cic. (v. 
TO LAUGH); in cachinnos effundi, Suet. : 
v. also, TO BURST (B. 1): Vv. TO BREAK 
our. 

——jnto; irrumpo, 3: to b. into 
a@ house, in aedes ir., Pl.: Caes : v. To 
BREAK IN. Phr.: she perceived that 
her countrymen were bing into tears, 
sensit lacrimas effundere cives, Lucr. : 
the senators b. into teurs, Patres in la- 
crimas effundi, Tac.: also, lacrimis ef- 
fundi, Virg. 
open: V. TO BREAK OPEN. 
upon: Phr.: @ dreadful cry 
b. upon their ears, *clamor horrificus 
aures invasit: at length the long-wished 
for shore b.s upon their sight, *tandem 
exoptata oculis objicitur ora (ef. Virg. 
A. 2, 200): what a spectacle all at once 
b.s upon the view, *ecce, quantum spec- 
taculum se oculis pandit ! 
through: perrumpo, 3: to 
b. through the midst of the enemy, per 
medios hostes p., Caes.: to b. through 
Acheron, Acheronta p., Hor. 

burst (subs.): Phr.: a b. of ap- 
plause, clamores: Vv. ACCLAMATION: @ 
6. of indignation, iracundiae impetus : 
v. FIT: 6.8 of eloquence, fulmina (?): 
cf. Cic. Or, 6, 21. 














« 


* 


BURSTING FORTH 





bursting forth (subs.): éruptio: 
Plin. 


bury: |. To inter a corpse: yi 
stépélio, ivi, and ji, sépultum, 4 (the 
most usual term; including all modes 
of sepulture): arise and b. your son, 
surge et sepeli natum, Cic.: ¢o b. bodies, 
corpora s., Liv.: to b. bones, ossa s., 
Ov. 2, hiimo, 1 (to b. in the ground; 
but also in gen. to witer): to b. a dead 
man, mortuum h., Cic.: Virg.: to be 
covered with earth and b.d, obrutos 
terra humari, Plin. 3. condo, didi, 
ditum, 3 (prop. to store away; hence, 
with some qualifying word): to b. the 
dead in a tomb, mortuos sepulcro c., 
Cie, : to b. the bones of a parent in the 
earth, ossa parentis terra c., Virg. 4. 
efféro, extili, Glatum, 3 (lit. fo carry 
out; i. e. to attend to the grave): Max- 
imus 62d his son who had been consul, 
Maximus extulit filium consularem, 
Cic.: Hor. 5, pono, positi, positum, 
3 (to place; chiefly poet., and in epi- 
taphs): Lucr.: Virg. 6, compono, 
3: Lhave b.’d all my relations, cognatos 
omnes composui, Hor.: Tac. 7, de- 
fSdio, fodi, fossum, 3 (prob. never of 
proper interment): to b. a slain guest, 
hospitem necatum d,, Pl: to b& a 
Vestal virgin alive, Vestalem vivam 4d., 
Plin. Ep. (cf. Ov. M. 4, 239). 8, in- 
fSdio, 3 (similar to No. 7): to b. bodies 
tm the earth, corpora terrae in., Virg. : 
Nep. 9, contégo, texi, tectum, 3 (to 
cover): to b. those who had fallen in 
battle in one grave, qui in acie cecide- 
rant eos uno tumulo ¢., Liv.: Ov. 
Phr.: Simonides seemed to be warned 
by the man whom he had b.’d, Simonides 
moneri visus est ab eo quem sepultura 
affecerat, Cic. Il. Zo cover or over- 
whelm : 1, obriio, ui, itum,3: tob. 
@ treasure, thesaurum ob., Cic.: to b. 
lupine-seed, lupinum ob., Col.: night b.s 
the earth in shadows, terram nox obruit 
umbris, Lucr. Fig.: to b. adversity as 
it were in perpetual oblivion, adversa 
quasi perpetua oblivione ob., Cic.: v. To 
OVERWHELM. 2, sépélio, 4 (fig): 
these things were b.’d in the lap of your 
consulship, haec sunt in gremio sepulta 
consulatus tui, Cic.: they march into 
the city b/d in sleep and wine, invadunt 
urbem somno vinoque sepultam, Virg. 
8, défddio, 3: to b. a razor in the 
comitium, novaculam in comitium d., 
Cic.: Liv. 4, infddio, 3: the stakes 
were entirely buried in the earth, taleae 
totae in terram infodiebantur, Caes. 
5, abdo, didi, ditum, 3: he b.'d the 
sword in his side, lateri abdidit ensem, 
Virg.: Lucr. Phr.: to b. in perpetual 
oblivion the remembrance of discord, 
memoriam discordiae oblivione sempi- 
terna delere, Cic.: v. TO BLOT OUT. — ff. 
To withdraw from public life: abdo, 3: 
he has b.’d himself in the heart of Mace- 
donia, abdidit se in intimam Mace- 
doniam, Cic.: Ib. myself in my library, 
abdo me in bibliothecam, Cic.: to b. 
oneself in an island, se in insulam ab., 


‘ac. 
bush: 1. dimus (a thorny b.): a 
small column not rising far above the 
b.s, columella non multum exstans e 
dumis, Cic.: Virg. Hence, dimétum, 
prop. a collection of b.s, but also used 
in pl. for bushes: the bullochks crop the 
b.s, tondent dumeta juvenci, Virg.: Cie. 
. friitex, icis, m.: Vv. SHRUB. 
Also used for bushes: (the lon) hid 
him (the ass) in the b.s, contexit illum 
frutice, Phaedr.: v. also, BRIAK, BRAM- 
BLE. Phr.: you did not beat about 
the b,, nil circuitione usus es, ‘l'er.: what 
need is there for beating about the b.? 
quid opus est circuitione et amfractu? 
Cic. : good wine needs no b., proba merx 
facile emptorem reperit, Pl. (*bona merx 
praeconio non eget): a bird in the hand 
ts worth two in the b., spem pretio non 
emo, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 11 (= rem incertam 
certa jactura non quaero), 
bushel: médimnum or médimnus 
une nearest measure ; about 14 bushel) : 
c.: Nep. (N.B.—Not modius, which 





BUSTLE 


podvos in the original, representing the 

Roman modius.) 
bushy: |. Thick, bush-like: frit- 
ticdsus (shrub-like): a b. tree, arbor f., 
Plin. : to become b., friiticor, 1: you see 
how b. the tree is becoming, arbor quam 
fruticetur vides, Cic.: the hatr becoming 
b., fruticante pilo, Juv. I]. Full of 
bushes : ], friiticdsus: b. shores, f. 
litora, Ov. 2. dimosus: Virg.: Ov. 
3. friitectdsus: a b. place, locus f., 


in. 
busied (adj.): occitpitus, intentus, 
opera distentus: v. EMPLOYED, EN- 
GAGED. 
busily; naviter, industrié, sédiilo, 
etc,: V. INDUSTRIOUSLY, ACTIVELY. 
business: |, Trade, calling: 1, 
ars, artis, f. (including all skilled work) : 
the b. of a shoemaker, ars sutrina, Plin. : 
the b. of « coppersmith, aeraria ars, 
Just.: all workmen are employed in a 
mean b., opifices omnes in sordida arte 
versantur, Cic. Q, artificium (strictly 
the practice of an art ; hence the craft 
itself): Vv. CRAFT. 3. quaestus, tis 
(applicable to any method of getting a 
living, creditable or discreditable): Cic. 
Off. 1, 42. |]. Occupation, affairs, 
concerns : 1, négotium -: forensic b., 
forensia n., Cic.: to manage the b. of a 
borough, n. municipii administrare, Cic.: 
to be engaged in b., versari in negotio, 
Cic.: to transact b., n. transigere, Cic. : 
we have finished our b., n. nostrum con- 
fecimus, Cic.: Caes.: I wondered what 
b. you had here, mirabar quid hic ne- 
gotii esset tibi, Ter.: they carry on their 
b. at their ease, suum n. gerunt otiosi, 
Cic.: a good man of b., *vir negotii ger- 
endiperitus. Dimin. négotidlum, little 
or unimportant b.: Cic. Q, res, ret, 
Ff. (i. e. matter: q. v.): he undertakes 
the b., rem suscipit, Caes.: fo transact b. 
with anyone, rem cum aliquo transigere, 
Cic.: Ihave b. with you, tecum mihi est 
res, Cic. 3. In such phrases as it is 
my, your b., ete, expr. by neut. of 
possessive adj. or gen. of subs.: as, it is 
your b. to see what is going on, tuum est 
videre quid agatur, Cic.: it is the b. of a 
good judge, est boni judicis, Cic. (v. 
L. G. § 266). 4, ratio (i.e. reckoning, 
dealings with): pecuniary b., numaria 
or aeraria r., Cic.: Messala undertook 
the b. of the forum and the law-court, 
fori judiciique rationem Messala sus- 
cepit, Cic. 5, occiipatio: v. ENGAGE- 
MENT, EMPLOYMENT. Phr.: this is your 
duty, your b. (cf. supr. 3), tuum est hoc 
munus, tuae partes, Cie.: their b. was 
money-getting, in quaestu sunt versati, 
Cic.: one time for b., another for rest, 
aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi, 
Cie.: I have always made it my b. to 
keep out of wars, ego id semper egi, ne 
bellis interessem, Cic.: what b. is it of 
his where you are? quid illius interest 
ubi sis? Cic.: what b. is that of yours, 
quid id refert tua? Pl.: letters on b., 
epistolae negotiales, Jul. Val.: b. days, 
negotiosi dies, Vac.: of legal b., dies 
fasti, Ov.: a genuine man of b., ger- 
manus negotiator, Cic. Ih. Right (of 
acting): only in certain colloquial phr., 
as, you had no b. to do so, *minime ita 
facere debuisti, etc.: v. OUGHT, RIGHT. 
buskin: cOthurnus: Virg.: Hor.: 
wearing the b., “buskined”’ (Milt.), 
cdthurnatus: Oy.: Sen.: v. TRAGIC. 
bust: |. The neck and bosom of a 
human being: nearest word, pectus, 
doris, m.; and esp. in the poets pectora: 
v. BO-OM : but there is no precise equi- 
valent, I]. A statue representing the 
b.: thorax, acis, m.: or more precisely 
expressa thorace vultus imago, Treb. 
The term imago was, however, em- 
ployed to denote the wazen b.s of distin- 
guished ancestors which stood in the 
atrium of a Roman: Cic.: v. STATUE. 
bustard: Otis, idis, f.: Plin. 
bustle (v.): 1, trépido, 1: v. To 
BE ALARMED, AGITATED. Q, discurro, 
curri and ciicurri, cursum, 3 (i. e. fo run 
hither and thither): the sailors b. about 


was about @ peck, ora quarter of a b.| to their duties, d. nautae ad officia, 






In Matt. iv. 15, however, the word is 


BUT 


Petr. Jmpers.: they b. about to serve 
up supper, discurrunt ad coenam infer- 
endam, Sen. 8, festino, 1: v. To 
HURRY. 

bustle (subs.). 1, festinatio (v. 
HURRY): what does this great hurry 
and b. mean? quid haec tanta celeritas 
festinatioque significat? Cic, 2. tré- 
pidatio: v. ALAKM, AGITATION. a. 
discursus, Us (lit. running to and fro; 
perhaps the most exact word): Plin. 
Ep. Phr.: there is a b., discurritur (v. 
verb): there is an unusual b. in the 
Roman camp, in castris Romanorum 


praeter consuetudinem tumultuatur, 
Caes.: v. STIR, TUMULT. 
busy (adj.): 1, occiipatus (i. e. 


employed, engaged: q. v.): I don't 
doubt that you were very b., non dubito 
quin occupatissimus fueris, Cic.: b. 
times, tempora o., Cic. 2, négotidsus 
(full of business): we were b. with our 
own affairs, n. eramus cum nostris 
negotiis, Pl.: a b. and troublesome em- 
ployment, provincia n. et molesta, Cic. 
Sall. 3. végétus (rare): an exceed- 
ingly b. interval of time for the hus- 
bandman, intervallum temporis vege- 
tissimum agricolis, Plin. 4, dpérdsus 
the b. farmer, 0. colonus, Ov.: a b. time, 
tempus o., Plin.: Vv. LABORIOUS, ACTIVE. 
(N.B.—vegetus denotes brisk, lively: 
operosus, fully engaged.) Phr.: to be 
b. with other peoples’ affairs, in alienis 
negotiis detineri, Cic.: b. idleness, in- 
epti labores, Plin. Ep.: v. also, active, 
OFFICIOUS. 

busy (v.): chiefly as refl., to b. one- 
self about something: versor, 1: to b. 
oneself about a mean craft, ¥. in arte 
sordida, Cic.: Vv. TO ATTEND TO, TAKE 
CARE OF. 

busy-body ; ardélio: Phaedr.: Mart.: 
V. MEDDLER. 

but: |. Ezcept: 1, praeter 
(prep. with acc.): Vv. BESIDE, EXCEPT. 

2, nisi (only after negatives, or 

after questions which imply nega- 
tives): what is natural affection but a 
grateful, feeling towards one’s parents? 
quid est pietas nisi voluntas grata in 
parentes? Cic.: history was nothing else 
but the compilation of annals, erat his- 
toria nihil aliud nisi annalium confectio, 





Cic.: nothing is wanting here but songs, 
nihil hic nisi carmina desunt, Virg.: 
Jor no other reason but that, ete. non 
aliam ob causam nisi quod, efc., Hor. 
Phr.: the vineae now all but touched 
the walls, vineae tantum non jam in- 
. Junctae moenibus erant, Liv.: promising 
all but mountains of gold, modo non 
montes auri pollicens, ‘ler.: he was all 
bué killed, haud multum abfuit quin 
interficeretur, Liv.; parum abfuit quin 
occideretur, Cic. : the last dartyl but one, 
dactylus proximus a postremo, Cic. 
Only (q. v.): miédd, tantum. 
if but, dummédo: yv. PROVIDED 
THAT: but jor a time, duntaxat ad 
tempus, Cic.. J had but just come from 
my villa at Arpinum, tantum quod ex 
Arpinati veneram, Cic.: but little, pa- 
rum (i. e. less than should be): plenty of 
eloquence, but little wisdom, satis elo- 
quentiae, sapientiae parum, Sall.: Cic. 
II]. Cong. denoting contrast or oppo- 
sition: 1, séd (the most freq. equiva- 
lent of the Eng. word: it stands first in 
its clause): (i.) denoting distinct opposi- 
tion: Pausanias was a great man, but 
marked by contrasting features, P. vir 
magnus, sed varius, Nep.: Cie. Esp. 
after negatives: as, J am not your 
master, but your slave, non ego herus 





tibi sed servus sum, Pl.: this often 
happens, not only to individuals, but 
also to most powerful nations, id non 
modo singulis hominibus, sed potentis- 
simis populis saepe contingit, Cic. 
(For not only....but also, v. ONLY.) 
(ii.) denoting limitation or correc- 
tion: that is not perfect indeed, but 
it ts tolerable, non perfectum illud qui- 
dem, sed tolerabile est, Cic. (iii.) in 
transitions and resumptions: but let us 
return to our subject, sed ad instituta 
| redeamus, Cic.: but enough of words; 
Ior 


BUT 


BUTTERY 





attend to my orders, sed satis verborum 
est; cura quae jussi, Pl.: but in fact, 
sed enim, enimvero: v. IN FACT. 2. 
vérum (similar in force to sed: also at 
the beginning of its clause): (i.) of 
opposition, esp. in thought: we are in- 
quiring, not what is useful to us, but 
what is necessary for the orator, non 
nos quid nobis utile, verum quid ora- 
tori necessarium sit quaerimus, Cic.: 
not only in acting but even in thinking, 
non modo agendo, verum etiam cogi- 
tando, Cic.: he adopts a foolish, but yet 
a merciful plan, consilium capit stul- 
tum, verum tamen clemens, Cic. (ii.) 
esp. in transitions: the calends of Jan- 
uary were waited for, perhaps not 
rightly—but let us say nothing about 
the past, exspectabantur calendae Jan- 
uariae, fortasse non recte—verum prae- 
terita omittamus, Cic. Esp. with the 
emphatic enimvero, but indeed ! in very 
truth ! cf.Sall.C. 20 (med.). 3, autem 
(denoting less of opposition than the 
two preceding words, being often = and 
then, moreover: as it is less emphatic, 
it follows the first word of the sentence 
which it introduces): (i.) to introduce 
a gentle contrast; esp. where a word is 
repeated: I myself write nothing, but I 
read (or, I read however) with the great- 
est pleasure, ipse nihil scribo; lego aut- 
em libentissime, Cic.: Croesus thought 
that he should overturn the power of his 
enemies, but he overturned his own, 
Croesus hostium vim sese perversurum 
putavit, pervertit autem: suam, Cic. 
(ii.) with interjections: but lo! a sud- 
den divorce, ecce autem subitum di- 
vortium, Cic.: v. HOWEVER, MOREOVER. 

4, véro (implying, not so much 
opposition, as corroboration : like autem 
it follows the first word of its clause) : 
the Helvetii had led three parts of their 
forces across the river, but the fourth 
was left on the hither side of it, Hel- 
vetii tres copiarum partes flumen trans- 
duxerant ; quarta vero pars citra flumen 
reliqua erat, Caes.: Cic. 5, at (ast 
archaic: always placed at the beginning 
of its clause): -(i.) to denote transition 
of thought, and to introduce an addi- 
tion, which usu. modifies what pre- 
cedes: the contest was carried on vigor- 
ously, hand to hand with swords, but 
the Germans sustained the onset, comi- 
nus gladiis acriter pugnatum est, at 
Germani impetus gladiorum exceperunt, 
Caes, (ii.) in passionate exclamations, 
where it often introduces something 
quite abruptly: but how like they are! 
but how beuutiful both! at quam sunt 
similes! at quam formosus uterque ! 
Ov. F. 2, 3953; cf. Hor. Epod. 5,1: but 
by the immortal gods! what can be said 
about this? at per deos immortales ! 
quid est quod de hoc dici possit? Cic. 
(iii.) to introduce the answer to an ob- 
jection which is anticipated: what fur- 
ther is to be inquired ? whether it vas 
done? but it is admitted: by whom? 
but it is evident, quid porro quaerendum 
est? factumne sit? at constat: a quo? 
at patet, Cic.: but (you wige), the me- 
mory fails (in old age): so IJ believe, 
unless you keep it exercised, at memoria 
minuitur: credo, nisi eam exerceas, 
Cic. 6, aiqui: usu. = and yet, q. v. 
(i.) to connect an emphatic adversative 
clause: Cl.—she makes you fine enough 
promises ; Sy.—but do you suppose that 
she is gesting ? Cl.—satis scite promittit 
tibi; Sy.—atqui tu hane jocari credis? 
Yer. (ii.) in conditional clauses: let 
him come ; but i/ he lay a finger on her, 
his eyes shall be torn out instantly, sine 
veniat; atqui si illam digito attigerit, 
oculi illi illico effodientur, Ter.: Cic. 
(iii.) after an expressed or virtual nega- 
tive: Ni.—you shall never carry off the 
gold; Ch.—no, but you will give it 
to me now; Ni.—nunquam auferes hinc 
aurum; Ch.—atqui iam dabis, PIl.: 
you state a wonderful thing; scarcely 
credible, But it is the fact, magnum 
narras, vix credibile. Atqui sic habet, 
Hor.: Cie. (iv.) to connect a minor 
premiss: Cic.: v. Now. IV. Equi- 

102 





valent to the relative pronoun and a 
negative: quin (only after negative or 
virtually negative sentences: v. Gell. 
17, 13): there is hardly a day but he 
comes to my house, dies fere nullus est 
quin domum meam ventitet, Cic.: there 
was no one but said that he had heard 
this, nemo erat quin hoc se audisse dic- 
eret, Cic.: I cannot but send letters to 
you, facere non possum quin ad te lit- 
teras mittam, Cic.: there vas no doubt 
but that they were the most powerful, 
non erat dubium quin plurimum pos- 
sent, Caes.: not but that an ansuer 
might have been briefly given, non quin 
breviter reddi responsum potuerit, Liv. 
Phr.: (i.) but if, quod si; also when 
an alternative with si has gone before, 
sin: but if not, quod nisi or quod ni: v. 
Ir. (ii.) but for, but that: (a) nisi or 
ni, foll. by subj.: as, me the trunk u ould 
have cut off, but that Faunus lightened 
the blow, me truncus sustulerat, nisi 
Faunus ictum levasset, Hor. (6) absque 
(prep. with abl.; only in the colloq. 
language of the comedians): but jor 
this one thing, how fortunate am I in 
everything else, quam fortunatus sum 
ceteris rebus, absque hac una foret, 
Ter.: PL: so, but for me, you, etc., 
absque me, te: Ter.: Pl. © also some- 
times expr. by the help of quominus: 
as, but for Trebonius, it seemed they 
would have taken the place, stetisse per 
Trebonium, quominus oppido potirentur, 
videbatur, Caes. (iii.) mot but that, non 
quin: not but that I could pay my debts 
.... but because...., non quin aes 
alienum solvere possem....sed quod, 
etc., Sall.: Cic. (the same sense may be 
conveyed by non quod [quia] non.... 
with subj., followed as before by sed 
quod or quia: v. THAT, BECAUSE). 
butcher (subs.) : |, Lit.: lanius: 
Ter.: Cic.: a b.’s stall, laniéna: PI. : 
Liv.: a b.’s block, mensa lanidnia, Suet. 
il. Fig.: 1, carnifex, icis, (a 
term of strong reproach): Suet.: v. 
HANGMAN. 2. homo sanguinarius, 
triictilentus ;: Vv. BLOOD-THIRSTY. 
butcher (v.) : |. Zo slaughter 
animals: caedo, obtrunco~ v. TO KILL. 
Il. To murder cruelly: 1, tri- 
cido, 1: beware, lest if taken prisoners, 
ye be b.’d like cattle, cavete neu capti 
sicut pecora trucidemini, Sall. 2. 
obtrunco, t: to be b.d like cattle, vice 
pecorum obtruncari, Sall. fr.: v. TO MUR- 
DER, MASSACRE. 
pbuteher-bird : *linius excubitor: 
inn. 
jbutcher’s-broom : Tuscum: Virg.: 
in. 
butchery: triicidatio: Cic.: Liv.: 
V. SLAUGHTER, MASSACRE. Phr.: indis- 
criminate b., promiscua caedes, Liv. 
butler: 1, promus: Pl.: Varr.: 
under-b., subpromus: PI. 2. cel- 
larius: Pl.: Col. 
butt (subs.): |. Mark, target (q. 
v.): scdpus. |]. Am object of ridi- 
cule: ladibrium: Liv.: Hor.: you have 
hitherto made me your b., ludibrio ad- 
huc me habuisti, Pl.: to be a 6. of the 
court, inter ludibria aulae esse, Suet. : 
V. LAUGHING-STOCK. I]. 4A push or 
thrust with the head: ariétatio: Sen. 
IV. 4 large cask: vas ligneum ma- 
joris formae: v. BARREL. 
butt (v.): ariéto, 1: Virg.: Curt. 
Phr.: beware of encountering the goat, 
he b.s, occursare capro, cornn ferit ille, 
caveto, Virg.: apt to b., fond of b.ing, 
pétulcus: Lucr.: Virg. 
butter (subs.): batyrum (not used 
by the Romans themselves: v. Plin. 
28, 9, 35): butter is made from milk, 
e lacte fit b., Plin.l.c.: to chwnb., b. 
exprimere crebro jactatu in (longis) 
vasis, Plin.: Cels. 
butter (v.): Phr.: t 6b. bread, 
*panem butyro inducere. 
buttercup: *ranunciilus tuberosus : 
inn. 


butterfly : papilio, dnis, m.s Ov.: Plin, 

butter-milk : (lactis) sérum: Plin. 

bittery; cella pénaria; cellarium: 
Vv, LARDER. 











BY 





buttock; cliinis, is, m. and f.: Hor.- 
Plin.: a b. of beef, palaséa or plasta, 
Arnob. 

button (svbs.): *orbiciilus or glébii- 
lus vestiarius: @ b.-hole, (#) fissira, 
foramen: v. HOLE: a spear tipped with 
a b. (like fencing foils), hasta praepil- 
ata, Vlin. 

button (v.): necto (nearest word). 
v. TO FASTEN. 

buttress: 1, antéris, idis, f.: 
Vitr.: antéridion, a sma b.: Vitr. 

Q. érisma, ae, f.: Vitr. 
buxom: |. Ubedient (obsol.), q. v. 
[I]. Comely, gay (q. v.): testivus, 

vénustus, ete. 

buy: 1. &mo, émi, emptum, 3 
(constr. with abl. of price, except in the 
case of certain words, as tanti, quanti, 
etc.: v. L. G. § 281): for how much did 
he b. her? quanti eam emit? Pl.: to 6. 
at a less or greater price, minoris aut 
pluris em., Cic.: to b. at a great or 
small price, magno aut parvo em., Cic. : 
to b. cheaply or dearly, bene aut male 
em., Cic.: to b. pepper by the pound, 
piper in libras em., Plin.: to b. a farm 
on credit, fundum in diem em., Nep. : 
to b. an oath, jusjurandum em., Cic.: to 
b. pleasure by pain, voluptatem dolore 
em., Hor.: to b. the verdicts of jurymen, 
sententias judicum em., Cic. 2. ré- 
dimo, 3 (lit. to buy buck or off: also 
esp. in fig. sense, of purchasing rights, 
privileges, etc.): to b. peace with host- 
ages, pacem obsidibus r., Caes.: to b. 
oneself off from a jury (obtain an ac- 
quittal by bribery), pecunia se a judi- 
cibus r., Cic.: v. TO PURCHASE, 3 
paro, I (lit. to get, q. v.): 1 am thinking 
of b.ing some gardens on the other side 
of the Tiber, cogito trans Tiberim hortos 
aliquos p., Cic.: to b. at an immense 
price, impenso pretio p., Caes.: v. TO 


PROCURE. 4, mercor, 1 (refers to 
regular traffic): Vv. TO TRADE, PUR- 
CHASE. 5, nundinor, 1 (strictly like 


No. 4: often in bad sense, fo make a 
market of what ought not to be sold): to 
b. thename of senator, senatorium no- 
men n., Cic.: v. TO TRAFFIC. 6. 
simo, sumpsi, sumptum, 3 (refers to the 
act of taking up what has been bought 
from the stall): to b. provisions, obsonia 
s., Hor.: to b. statues, statuas s., Cic. 

— back or off: rédimo: v. To 
RANSOM, BUY (2). 

— up: 1, cdémo, 3: tob. upall 
the goods, omnia buna c., Cic.: to b. w 
with a view to selling dearer by retail, 
c. ut pluris postea distrahat, Suet. 2, 
rédimo, 3: to b. up suppressed books, 
libros suppressos r., Suet. 3, com- 
primo, pressi, pressum, 5: to forestall 
the market: q. v. 4, comparo, 1: 
Vv. TO GET TOGETHER. 

buyer: 1, emptor: there was no 
b. for the Tusculan villa, Tusculano e, 
nemo fuit, Cic.: Hor. 2. expr. by 
part of verb: v. TO BUY. VPhr.: to be 
disposed to become a 6., emptitrio, 4: 
Varr. 

buying (subs.): emptio: Cic.: Tac. 
(or expr. by verb). Fond of buying, 
émax, acis: Cic.: Ov. 

buzz (v.): bombum facere: Varr. 

buzz, buzzing (subs.): bombus: 
Varr. 

buzzard: 1, bitéo, Onis, m.: 


Plin. Q. triorches, ae, m.: Plin. 
by ;. Prep.: |. Of place (i.): 
Near: 1, ad (with acc.): the dun is 


standing by the uoor, flagitator astat ad 
ostium, Pl.: you have gardens by the 
Tiber, habes hortos ad Tiberim, Cic. Q, 
Apiid (with acc.) : to stay by a town, apud 
oppidum morari, Caes.: to pass a night 
by the water, apud aquam noctem agi- 
tare, Sall.: Sulpictus was sitting by 
Crassus, Sulpicius apud Crassum sedebat, 
Cic. 3, sécundum (along: with ace.) : 
he had his camp by the sea, castra s. mare 
habebat, Caes.: centaurion grows by 
springs, centaurion s. fontes nascitur, 
Plin.: v. NEAR, AT. (ii.) past, along: 
q. v. (chiefly in combination with verbs ; 
as, to sail or ride by, flow by, ete.: 
usu. expr. by means of a prep. in com- 


ce 
a 





a 


a 


BX 





position; as, praetervehor, praeterfluo, 
etc.). (iii.) on: usu. expr. by the abl.: 
he prepares for war by land and sea, 
bellum terra et mari (terra marique) 
comparat, Cic.: that gourney ts usually 
performed by land, illud iter pedibus 
fere confici solet, Cic.- whelher we pur- 
sue the Parthians by land or the Britons 
by sea, sev pedibus Parthos sequimur 
seu classe Britannos, Prop. Phr.: to 
travel by sea, in navi vehi, Cic.: he at- 
tacked the town by the way, oppidum 
ex itinere oppugnavit, Caes.: Afrwanus 
used to say that he was never less alone 
than when he was by himself, Africanus 
solitus est dicere se nunqnuam minus 
solum esse quam cum solus esset, Cic. : 
journeys by land, pedestria itinera, Cic. . 
Vv. ON FOOT. Il. Of time: at, within, 
not later than. 1], ad (with ace.): I 
will write by what days I shall return, 
ad quos dies rediturus sim scribam, 
Cic.: all things were done by the (ap- 
pointed) day, omnia ad diem facta sunt. 
Caes.: to return by the Ides of April, 
ad Idus Aprilis reverti, Caes. 2, siib 
(i.e. gust upon: with acc.): the client 
lenocks at (the lawyer's) door by cock- 
crow, sub galli cantum consultor ostia 
pulsat, Hor. 8. intra (strictly with- 
in: with acc.): the judge will deliver 
judgment by the Calends, judex intra 
Calendas pronuntiat, Gell. 4, the abl. 
's often used to express this sense, and 
also when “ by” is equivalent, or nearly 
so, to ‘‘during:’ by early dawn tlhe 
messenger came to Ameria, primo dilu- 
culo nuntius Ameriam venit, Cic.: The- 
mistocles used to walk about by night, 
noctu ambulabat Themistocles, Cic. - 
sometimes by day, oftener by night, non- 
nunquam interdiu, saepius noctu, Caes. 
Phr.: by and by, jam, mox, brevi 
tempore’ Vv. SOON, PRESENTLY. Ul 
Of other relations: as to denote the 
agent, instrument, or cause; measure 
of excess or defect; distribution, efc. : 
(i.) of the agent, after a passive verb. 
a or ab (with abl.): Caes.: Cic. (pas- 
sim). Nore.—This construction is con- 
fined to the case of a personal agent. 
We also find, instead of the prep. and 
abl., the dative, esp. after the gerundive 
participie; as, wisdom should be enjoyed 
by us, sapientia nobis (not a nobis) fru- 
enda est,Cic. After the gerund, indeed, 
the prep. is only used to avoid occa- 
sional ambiguity. thus, we should say 
for these men must be resisted by you, 
a te (not tibi) his hominibus resistend- 
um est. The dative after other forms 
of the passive, and the ablative without 
&@ preposition, belong to the poets: as, 
nor is she seen by any, neque cernitur 
ulli, Virg.: thow shalt be celebrated by 
Varius, a swan of Homeric tune, scrib- 
eris Vario, Maeonii carnzinis alite, Hor. 
(ii.) of the means or instrument, after 
active and passive verbs: J, pér (with 
ace.): I did not hesitate to ask you for 
that by letter, nou dubitavi id a te per 
literas petere, Cic.: to march through 
a province by force, iter per provin- 
ciam per vim facere, Caes.: Caesar 
ascertained this by the scouts, id per 
exploratores Caesar cognovit, Caes.: he 
has by himself, without any helper, 
mustered the forces, per se, nullo ad- 
juvante, copias confecit, Cic. 24. 
Usu. expr. by the simple abl.: to excite 
the feelings of the mob by the mere 
name and recollection of his father, 
nomine ipso et memoria patris animos 
multitudinis concitare, Cic.: by a law 
they fiz the departure for the third year, 
in tertium annum profectionem lege 
confirmant,Caes. Phr.: by your leave, 
bona tua venia dixerim, Cic.: v. LEAVE: 
by themselves they were unable to prevail 
upon the Sequani, Sequanis sua sponte 
persuadere non poterant, Caes. (iii.) of 
the cause, means, or mode: 1, Gorex 
(with abl.: rare, and only of that out of 
which something arises): she is preg- 
nant by Pamphilus, gravida e Pamphilo 
est, Ter.: led into hope of victory by 
the advantage of the position, in spem 


victoriae adductus ex opportunitate loci, | 





BYSSUS 





Sall. 2. expr. by the abl. alone: a 
place suitable by nature, locus natura 
idoneus, Caes.: this has been occasioned 
more by easiness than by any other 
Sault of mine, magis id facilitate quam 
ulla alia culpa mea contigit, Cic.: the 
consul himself, holding Lentulus by the 
hand, leads him into the senate, consul 
Lentulum, ipse manu tenens, in se- 
natum perducit, Sall.: pepper ts bought 
by weight, piper pondere emitur, Plin. 
Phr.. he ran by stealth into the plain, 
furtim in campum currebat, Cic.- Thisbe 
saw the lioness by the rays of the moon, 
leaenam ad lunae radios Thisbe vidit, 
Ov.: by fair means, recte, Hor.: “by 
hook or by crook,” quocunque modo, 
Hor. (iv.) with words of measure- 
ment, to denote excess or defect: this 
is gen. expr. by the abl. of the words 
denoting the excess or defect: he is 
taller than you by a foot and a hals, 
sesqnipede est quam te longior, P1.: 
Trelund is less by a half than Britain, 
Hibernia dimidio minor est quam Bri- 
tannia, Caes. (v.) to denote the sepa- 
rate succession of a number of items: 
this sense is usu. expr. by adverbs or 
distributive numerals: sometimes also 
by in and ace. : the number of the enemy 
is increasing day by day, crescit in dies 
singulus hostium numerus, Cic.: the 
siege was more severe day by day, erat 
in dies gravior oppugnatio, Caes.: to 
buy pepper by the pound, piper in libras 
emere, Plin.: they began by degrees to 
leave the camp, paulatim ex castris dis- 
cedere coeperunt, Caes. the uvaggons 
vere draun one by one, singuli carri 
ducebantur, Caes.: to engage a serrant 
by the year, *annua mercede famulum 
conducere: v. the respective substan- 
tives. (vi.) in adjurations: 1, per 
(with acc.): by gods and men, per deos 
atque homines, Cic.: J beseech you by 
your friendship and love, te per ami- 
citiam et per amorem obsecro, Ter. 
sometimes per stands at the beginning 
of the adjuration without an acc., the 
object appealed to being defined by the 
clause following cf. Virg. A. 2, 142: 
Ov. Q, pro or proh (prop. an intery. : 
v. AH! also sometimes followed by the 
ace.): by the faith of gods and men! p. 
deum atque hominum fidem! Cic.: by 
Jupiter! pro Jupiter! Ter. (but in a 
formal oath it would be per). Phr.. 
by Hercules! meherciles! mehercile ! 
mehercle! hercules! hercule! hercle ! 
Cic.: Ter.: of the same import is me- 
dius fidius, i.e. me dius s. deus fidius 
(juvet), by the god of faith! (Hercules) ! 
by Castor! mécastor, écastor! Pl.: Ter. 
(rarely used except by women): by 
Pollux! édépol! Pl.: by Ceres! eccéré 
or écéré: Pl.: Ter. 

by the by: biter, in transcursu 
dicendum est: Vv. IN PASSING. 

by-gone: 1, praetéritus: a b. 
fault, p. culpa, Ov.: v. Past. 2 
priscus: Vv. OLDEN, ANCIENT. 

by-law: praescriptum, régiila: v. 
RULE, ORDINANCE. 

by-path, -road, or -way: 1. 
déverticilum: Cic.: Suet. 2, dévi- 
um iter: Cic. 8. dévia callis: Liv. 

4, trames, itis, m.: Cic.: Virg. 
5, semita (any narrow. less Jre- 

quented path): Cic.: Virg. 


by-place: licus rémodtus: Cic.: 
aes, 
by-stander: 1. arbiter, tri: v. 


EYE-WITNEsS. Q, in pl. circumstantes, 
ium (lit. those who stand around): 
among the b.s, in circumstantibus, Gell. : 
hoisted on the shoulders of the b.s, alle- 
vatus circumstantium humeris, Tac. : 
Curt. (the sing. may be expr. by unus 
(enumero]circumstantium). 3, spec- 
tator: v. SPECTATOR. Phr.: to bea b. 
at any occurrence, adesse alicui rei (not 
interesse, which is to take part in): v. 
TO BE PRESENT AT. 

by-word: v- PROVERB. Phr.: to be- 
come a b., ludibrio or opprobrio haberi. 

byssus (a kind of jlax): byssus, i, 
f.: Apul.: Plin. 





CACOPHONOUS 


C. 


AB: cisium: v. CHAISE, 
cabal (subs.): |. A body of in- 

triguers: (?) societas clandestina; fac- 
tio: v. FACTION, PARTY. Il. An in- 
trigue: clandestinum consilium: to 
concoct c.s,c. consilia concoquere, Liv. : 
lo expose c.8, C. consilia efferre, Cic. 

cabal (v.): clandestina consilia con- 
coquere: Liv.. to c. against anyone, 
clandestinis consiliis aliquem oppugnare, 
Cic, 

cabala: i.e. a mystic discipline of 
the Jews: *cabala or cabbala. arcane 
(pl.) Judaeorum (‘‘ Hebraeorum Theo- 
sophiae libri, quos illi Cabalae nomine 
vocarunt,” Morhof, Polyh. 1, 10, 23). 

cabalist: *cabalista: M.L. (—Ju- 
daeorum arcanae doctrinae peritus). 

cabalistic: *cabalisticus: M.L. In 
a more general sense ; arcanus: v. SE- 
CRET, MYSTICAL. 

caballer: qui clandestina consilia 
concoqnit. 

cabbage: 1. brassica. Cic.: Plin. 
(Three sorts of brassica are enumerated 
by Plin. 20, 9, 33: b. crispa, curly-leaved, 
parsley-like c.; b. helia, appar. the 
common smooth-leaved kind; and b. 
crambe, with thin leaves growing very 
thick and close.) 2. caulis, is, m. 
(prop. a cabbage-stalk): Cic.: Plin.: 
sometimes this word is employed for 
brassica: Hor. 3. dlus, Eris, n. (prop. 
any garden vegetable): Hor.: Plin. 

cabin: |. A cottage: q. v. casa. 

Il. An apartment in a ship: 1: 

diaeta: the captain’s c., d. magistri, 
Petr. 2. *conclave navale. Phr.. 
ships fitted with cabins, naves cubicn- 
latae, Sen.: c.-bvy, *puer (servus, ser- 
vulus) nauticus. 

cabinet: |. 4 small room: con- 
clave, zothéca, sanctiarium (of a prince) 
Vv. CHAMBER. Phr.- ac. picture, tabula 
minor or tabula conclavi s. cubiculo pri- 
vato idonea. I]. A piece of furniture 
with drawers, doors, etc.: 1, arma- 
rium (prop. @ chest): Pl.: Cie. 9 
scrinium (a box for papers, writing 
materials, etc.)- Hor.: v. Box. Il}. 
The select council of a ruler; the body 
of men who have the chief administra- 
tion of affairs: 1, summum prin- 
cipis consilium (cf. Cic, Phil. 7,7). 2, 
*penes quos est summa rerum (admin- 
istratio). Phr.: a man distinguished 
both in the c. and wn the field, vir et 
consilii magni et virtutis, Caes. 

cabinet-council: _ 1, *conventus 
eorum quos penes est summa rerum 
(administratio). 2, *consilium secre- 
tius (Ains.). 

cabinet-maker: faber intestinarius 
(i. e. a joiner, whose work is about the 


interior of a house): Inscr.: Cod. 

Theod. : supellectilis faber (2). 
cabinet-minister : 1. qui regi 

a consiliis secretioribus est (?). re 


*unus ex iis quos penes est summa 
rerum (administratio), 

cable: 1, ancdrale, is, n. (anchor- 
c.): to cut the cables, ancoralia incidere, 


Liv. 9. ancdrarius finis (— anco- 
rale): Caes. 8. riidens: v. ROPE, 
RIGGING. Phr.: to cut the c., ancoram 


praecidere, Cic. 

cabman: cisiarius: Ulp. 

cabriolet; perh. 1, cisium: Cic. 

birdta: Cod, Theod. 

cachinnation: cachinnus, cachin- 
natio: Cic.: v. LAUGH. 

eackle (v.): 1, strépo, ili, 3: the 
goose seems to cackle among the clear- 
voiced swans, videtur argutos inter s. 
anser olores, Virg. 2, gracillu, 1 (of 
bens): Auct. Camm. Phil. 8. gingrio, 
4 (of geese): Fest. 

cackling (subs.). 1, strépitus, 
us: cf. TO CACKLE (1): V. NOISE. 3 
clangor, Oris, m.: a perpetual c. (of 
geese), perpetuus c., Plin. 3, gin- 
gritus, ds: Arnob. 

cacophonous: asper, discors, im 
suavis* V. HARSH, DISCORDANT. 

103 


CACOPHONY 


CALL 


CALLIN 





cacophony: aspéritas: Cic. Or. 49, 
164: it may also be expr. by vocum s. 
litterarum insuavis concursio; voces 
male sonantes, etc.: cf. Cic. Or. 44, 


8qq. 
cactus: *cactus: M. L. 
cadaverous: 1, cidavérosus: Ter. 


2. liridus, vépallidus: v.GHASTLY. 

cadence: i. e. a musical or rhyth- 
mical fall in singing or speaking: qui- 
dam certus cursus conclusioque verbo- 
rum (?), Cic. Or. 53, 178: or perhaps, 
conclusio verborum suavis ac numerosa. 
Phr.: clauses which have a pleasant c., 
clausulae quae numerose et jucunde cad- 
unt, Cic. 

cadet: |, A younger son or bro- 
ther: filius junior, natu minor: v. 
YOUNGER. |], A student in a public 
military school; discipulus (the precise 
application of the word being deter- 
mined by the context). 

cadmium: cadmium: M. L. 

caesura: 1, caesiira: Diom. (the 
current term with modern writers, as 
Porson). 92. comma, atis, m.: Mar. 
Vict. 8, incisfo. Diom. 

caffein: *cafeina: M. L. ‘ 

cage (subs.) : |. An inclosure for 
animals : ], civéa: a bird shut ina 
c., avis inclusa in c., Cic.: Petr.: of a 
bear’s cage: Hor. 2, septum: locus 
septus (only of a large c. for animals: 
V. ENCLOSURE). [J]. A prison: q. v. 

cage (v.): inclido: v. TO CONFINE. 

caged: civéatus: Plin. 

cairn: lapidum acervus. 

caisson: |, 4 wooden frame used 
in bridge-building: arca; Vitr. 5, 12. 

I]. An ammunition waggon: *car- 

rus ad bellicum apparatum portandum. 

caitiff: nébiilo, scélestus : v. KNAVE. 
yo qeput (an oil): *oleum cajuputi : 


1. lacto, 1: to c. a lover, 


cajole: 
9. ludifico, 


amantem 1., Ter.. Pl. 
1: V. TO FOOL, DECEIVE. 

cajoler; blandus homo; frustrator - 
Y. DECEIVER, FLATTERER. 

cajolery; blanditiae, blandimenta : 
V. FLATTERY. 

cake (subs.): J. An article of 
food: , libum (made of flour, cheese, 
and egg): Cato: Ov.: Hor. 2. pla- 
centa (also a sweet cake, of thin flat 
shape): Cato: Hor. (who uses it as 
synon. with libum, Ep. 1, 10, 10). Ry 
popinum (a sacrificial cake): Juv. 
(The terms libum and placenta likewise 
denote cakes used in sacrifices.) |, 4 
cake-like mass: massa, offa: v. MASS, 
LUMP. 

cake (v. intr.): concresco, crévi, 
crétum, 3 (i. e. to become clotted, to ad- 
here together): Lucr.: Cic. 

calamine:; 1, cadmia: Plin. Q, 
calamina: M. L. 

calamitous: 1, exitidsus, per- 
nicidsus: V. DESTRUCTIVE. 2. cala- 
mitdsus: a most painful and c. war, 
acerbissimum et calamitosissimum bel- 
lum, Cic.: ¢c. victories, c. victoriae, Suet. 

8, lacrimosus, luctudsus: v. LA- 

MENTABLE. 4, fiinestus. v. FATAL, 

calamitously ; calamitosé: Cic. 

calamity: 1, calamitas: a great 
public c., magna c. reipublicae, Cic.: to 
endure c.s, calamitates perferre, Caes. 

Q, clades, is, f.. stronger than No. 

1: V. DISASTER, DEFEAT. 3, malum 
(the most general term: v. EVIL): noc., 
nihil mali (with ref. to the death of 
Scipio), Cic.. yield not thow to c., tu ne 
cede malis, Virg.: civil c.s (i. e. wars, 
Jactions, etc.), civiliam.,Cic. 4, fatum: 
a day of destruction and c., exitii ac f. 
dies, Cic.: v. FATALITY. 5, infor- 
tinium, res adversa: v. MISFORTUNE, 
ADVERSITY. Phr.: tn the midst of 
these c.s, in his asperitatibus rerum, 
Cic.. to be in the midst of c.s, in mi- 
seriis versari, Cic.: v. MISERY. 

calcareous; calci similis ; 
naturam babens: v. LIME. 

calcination: *calcinatio: M. L. 

calcine: Phr.: ¢o c. bones, *ossa in 
pulverem comburendo redigere (ver- 
tere), 


calcis 


104 





calcium: calcium: M. L. 

calculable ; *quod numerari s. aesti- 
mari potest: v. TO CALCULATE. 

calculate: |. Zocompute: 1. 
expr. by some verb with calctilus (lit. 
a pebble, pebbles being used in calcu- 
lations): to c. the value of anything 
narrowly, aliquid exigue ad calculos 
vocare, Cic.: toc. the pleasure to be 
derived from anything, voluptatum 
calculos subducere, Cic.: more fully, 
imposito calculo alicujus rei rationem 
computare, Col. 2. compiito, 1: to 
c. time not by days but by nights, 
non dierum numerum sed noctium c., 
Tac.: Col. (U. c.): Plin. 8, ineo, 4: 
the number of the slain could not 
easily be cd, numerus interfectorum 
haud facile iniri potuit, Liv.- to c. an 
account, rationem in., Cic. 4, répiito, 
1: to c. eclipses of the sun, solis defec- 
tiones r., Cic.: ‘Lac. 5. subdico, 
duxi, ductum, 3: toc. the total, s. sum- 
mam, Cic. Fig.: the accounts having 
been c.d I have summed up my delibera- 
tions, vationibus subductis summam 
feci cogitationum mearum, Cic.: Ter. 

_ Il. Zo estimate (q. v.): aestimo, 
existimo. 

calculated (adj.): i. e. adapted: 
aptus, accommodatus: v. also TO FIT, 

caleulation: 1, ratio: to make 
a c.,r. ducere, Cic.; r. inire, Cic.: long 
c.s, longae r., Hor.: v. ACCOUNT. oF 
calctlus: c.s and accounts, c. atque 
rationes, Quint.: to subject anything to 
an exact c., ad calculos aliquid vocare, 
Cic.; v. TO CALCULATE (1). 

calculator: 1, ratidcinator: Cic.: 

Ip. 2. compitator: Sen. 8, (an 
instrument for making calculations) : 
abacus: v. Dict. Ant. s. v. 

calculous; calciilosus: Cels. 

caldron: 1, cortina: a c. of lead, 
c. plumbea, Cato: of copper, c. aerea, 
Plin. 2, ahénum (also 4enum: poet.): 
a blazing (i. e. surrounded with flame) 
c., ardens a, Juv.: Virg. 3. lébes, 
€tis, m. (Gr. AeByns): V. TRIPOD. 

calendar: 1, fasti, orum: Caesar 
corrected the c., Caesar fastos correxit, 
Suet.: to expunge the (names of ) con- 
suls from the c., consules ex f. evellere, 
Cic.: he has recourse to the c., and esti- 
mates excellence by years, redit ad fastos 
et virtutem aestimat annis, Hor.: v. 
ANNALS, ALMANAC. 2. cilendarium : 
Inser. Phr.: ac. month, *mensis legi- 
timus s. ex fastis dictus. 

calender (v.): *textilia inter cale- 
factos cylindros premere. 

calender (subs.): (?) tormentum: 
Sen. Tranq. 1, 4 

calendrer: qui textilia premendo 
splendida reddit: cf. Sen. L. c. 

calends: cilendae, arum (Kal.): v. 
Dict. Ant. art. “Calendarium.” Pro- 
verb.: to pay at the Greek C.s, i.e. 
never, ad Calendas Graecas_ solvere, 
Suet. (N.B.—The name of the month is 
used with calendae, as an adj.: e. g., at 
the C.s of March, Kal. Martiis, not 
Martii.) 

calenture: cilentiira: M. L.: v. 
FEVER. 

calf: |. The young of the cow: 
vitulus and vititla: Cic.: Virg. Adj. 
vittilinus, ef or belonging to ac.: Cic. 

I]. A dolt, blockhead: q. v. I. 

The c. of the leg: stira: well-turned c.s, 
teretes s., Hor.: thick ¢.s, tumentes s., 
Hor.: Virg.: Plin. 

calibre: Phr.: the c. of a gun, 
*mensura tubi sclopeti (tormenti): a 
man of small c., homo parvo ingenio : 
V. ABILITY. 

calico: lina xylina (n. pl.): Plin. 
HG ine op 

caligraphy: v. PENMANSHIP. 

calk: 1, pico, 1: v. TO PITCH. 

2. expr. by circuml.: *rimas na- 

vium stuppa farcire et pice oblinere. 

calker: expr. by verb: v. TO CALK. 

calli@:) =  ,AniDiran'ss:) pelo 
name : 1, appello, 1: do not c. me 
by a false name, ne me appella falso 
nomine, Pl.: we c. corn Ceres, wine 
Bacchus, fruges Cererem appellamus, 


|| mino, I. v. TO NAME. 











vinum autem Bacchum, Cic.: he is cd 
king, rex appellatur, Caes. 2, no- 
véco, I 
(more freq. to summon: v. infr.): the 
hill is now c.’d the Quirinal, collis nunc 
Quirinalis vocatur, Cic.: you would ec. 
me unfortunate, me miserum vocares, 
Hor. 4, vocito, 1 (to ¢. habitually) : 
Demetrius, who was usually cd Pha- 
lereus, Demetrius, qui Phalereus voci- 
tatus est, Cic.: Lucr. 5, dico, dixi, 
dictum, 3: he c.d the whole country 
Chaonia, Chaoniam omnem dixit, Virg.: 
Cic.: Hor. 6. tsurpo, 1 (c. habitu- 
ally): Laelius is usually c’d the wise, 
Laelius sapiens usurpatur, Cic. if 
In pass., to be c’d: audio, 4 (esp. poet., 
and in special phr.): 07 choosest thou 
rather to be c.’d Janus? seu Jane liben- 
tius audis? Hor. (Milton, “or hear’st 
thou rather pure ethereal stream”): to 
be cd ill names, be ill spoken of, male 
a., Cic.: Vv. TO BE SPOKEN OF. c 
cliieo, clio, 2 and 3 (also with pass. 
sense : only in archaic language): Lucr. 
Phr.: that disease is c.’d avarice, ei 
morbo nomen est avaritia, Cic.: the boy 
was cd Egerius, puero nomen Egerio 
est inditum, Liv. I]. Zo summon, 
invite: q. V.: 1, vico, 1: who es? 
who names me? quis v.? quis nominat 
me? PL: to c. the Roman people to 
arms, populum R. ad arma vy., Caes. 
Fig.: Ic. your proceedings to account, 
quae fecisti in judicium voco, Cic. OF 
advéco, 1: to c. the chief men to a 
council, viros primarios in consilium 
ad., Cic. Fig.: we c. the mind home, 
animum ad se ipsum advocamus, Cic. : 
to c. to mind, in memoriam redigere 07 
reducere, Cic.: Alcides c.s all aims (to 


his aid), Alcides omnia arma advocat, 


Virg. B, I[ntrans.: chiefly in phr 
to call out, etc.: q. v. 

— _ aside or apart: sévico, 1: to 
c. one’s master aside, herum s., Pl.: he 
began to c. them aside one by one, s. 
singulos coepit, Caes. : Cic. 

— away: 1, avéco, 1: toc. 
away a part of an army for war, par- 
tem exercitus ad bellum av., Liv.: old 
age c.s us away from active life, a rebus 
agendis avocat senectus, Cic. 2. de- 
voco, I (lit. to call down, q. v.). Fig.: 
avarice did not c. him away from his 
settled course, non illum avaritia ab in- 
stituto cursu devocavit, Cic. 3, ré- 
voco, 1: esp. in fig. sense: the hope 
of plunder called them away from la- 
bour, spes praedandi eos a labore revo- 
cabat, Caes.: toc. away the mind from 
the senses, mentem a sensibus r., Cic.: v. 
TO WITHDRAW. 

— back: révico, 1: as often as I 
wish to go oul you detain me, c. me back, 
quoties foras ire volo, me retines, re- 
vocas, Pl.: to c. anyone bask from a 
journey, aliquem ex itinere r., Cic. 

— down: dévoéco, 1: he c’d down 


his men Jrom the rising ground, suos ab , 


tumulo devocavit, Liv.: to c. down phi- 
losophy from the sky, philosophiam e 
coelo devocare, Cic. 

— for: postiilo, quaero: v. TO DE- 
MAND, REQUIRE, 

— forth crout: 1, évéco,1: to 
c. legions forth jrom winter-quarters, 
legiones ex hibernis e., Caes.: they c. 
out our men to Jight, nostros ad pugnam 
evocant, Caes.: Liv. 2. provoco, 1: 
Vv. TO PROVOKE, CHALLENGE. 3, ex- 
cleo and excio, civi, citum and citum, 2 
and 4: why have youc.’d me out in front 
of the house? quid est quod me excivisti 
ante aedes? Pl.: toc. forth the enemy to 
Jight, hostes ad dimicandum acie ex., 
Liv. 4, @licio, licui and lexi, lectum, 
3 (to draw, entice out: esp. of calling 
forth @ deity): to call forth a deity 
Srom the sky, e. caelo deum, Ov.: to c. 
Jorth the dead fiom their tombs, e 
manes sepulcris, Tib.: v. TO CALL UP. 

—— in: advoco, 1 (¢. as legal ad- 
viser): hec.s in many good men, viros 
bonos complures advocat, Cic. Phr,: 
toc. in a physician, medicum arcessere, 
Pl.: toc. ina physician te a sick man, 
medicum aegro admovere, Suet.: to 6, 








7 


CALL OUT 


tn one’s (lent) money, pecuniam religere, 
Hor.: toc. in one's debts, nomina sua 


exigere, Cic. 
callout: |. Trans.: évéco, pro- 
voco, etc.. Vv. supr. TO CALL FORTH. 


I]. Jntrans.: to call aloud: cia- 
mo, exclamo : v, TO CRY OUT. 

— over: récito, 1: toc. over the 
senate, senatum r., Liv. 

— on or upon: |. To appeal to: 
esp. for help: 1, inclamo, 1 (with 
dat. or acc.): he c..d upon his com- 
panion, comitem suum inclamavit, Cic. . 
the Alban army cs upon the Curiatit 
to assist ther brother, Albanus exer- 
citus inclamat Curiatiis, uti opem ferant 
fratri, Liv.: Hor Q, ciéo, civi, citum, 
2 (to call any one’s name aloud) : toc. 
rd one's master, herum c., Pl.. to c. 

one’s ancestors, majores suvus C., 

"Tue. 8. appello, 1 (Vv. TO APPEAL 
peck whither shall I go, or whom shall I 

upon ? quo accedam, aut quos appel- 
ste Sall.: Cic. I]. Zo pay a short 
visit to: 1, convénio, véni, ventum, 
4 (with acc.): Balbus has got the gout 
so badly that he doesn’t wish to be c.’d 
upon, B. tantis pedum doloribus affic- 
itur ut se conveniri nolit, Cic.: Pl: 
but the word is equally applicable to a 
meeting in the street or elsewhere. v. 
INTERVIEW. 2. intréeo, 4: to c.upon 
Cicero with the pretence of payrng their 

ts to him, sicuti salutatum ad 
Ciceronem in.,Sall. 3, viso, 3: v. To 
VISIT, GOTOSEE. 4, siiliito, 1 (strictly 
to salute; q. v.: hence, to pay a com- 
plimentary wsit) : Cic. Virg. 

— to (oneself): advico, 
TO CALL (II.). 

— together: 
(by Beane): Vv. 
VENE. 

— up: 1, excito, r: to c. up 
any one from the dead, aliquem a mor- 
tuis ex., Cic.: to c. up witnesses, testes 
ex., Cic.. to c. up a laugh, risum ex., 
Cie.  Q, suscito, 1: Z will c. you up 
as a witness against yourself, te contra 
te testem suscitabo, Cic.. v. TO AWAKE, 
AROUSE. 8. Glicio, 3 (Vv. TO CALL 
ForTH). to c. up the souls of the dead, 
animas inferorum e., Cic.: Ov. ‘Tib. 

call (subs.): ], A verbal summons 
or address : 1, vOécatus, ts (only in 
abl. sing.): the senate at the c. of Drusus 
entered the senate-house, senatus vocatu 
Drusi in curiam venit, Cic.: Virg. 2) 
More usu. expr. by part. of verb: as, 
thou hearest our c. (of a deity), audis 
vocatus, Hor.: refuse not to hear our c., 
*ne asperneris vocantes: v. TO CALL. 

8, vox, vocis, f.: v. VOICE, CRY. 

4, clamor (a loud cry): v. sHouT 
Phr: to take up arms at the c. of one’s 
country, *patria jubente arma sumere. 
a c.of the house, *recitatio senatorum 
nominum, or simply recitatio senatus 
v. TO CALL OVER (better expr. by verb: 
as, a c. of the house took place, senatus 
Tecitatus est). I]. Demand, requi- 
sition: q.v. Phr.: thee.s of nature, 
requisita naturae, Sall.. to make large 
c.s upon any one, *magna ab aliquo 
postulare. Il. Jnvitation (either ex- 
ternal ov internal) to undertake any 
office: Phr.: lest ye should seem to 
have refused to accept ac. from God, 
ne munus assignatum a Deo defugisse 
videamini, Cic. to have a c. from 
heaven to any particular work, *a Deo 
ad aliquod ministerium vocari, desig- 
nari: to be obedient to the heavenly.c., 
*divinis jussis parére. IV. A pipe or 
whistle: fistiila: v. CAT-cALL. Y, A 
short visit: saliititio: Cic.: Sen. 
Phr.: to pay a c., salito, convénio, 
etc.: Vv. TO CALL UPON. 

caller: |. One who calls: 


voéco: v. 


convéco, conclamo 
TO ASSEMBLE, CON- 


voca- 


tor: Sen.: Plin. (or, more freq., expr. 
by part of verb: v. TO CALL). i 
A visitor: 1, salitator: Suet.: Mart. 


9. esp. in pl. siliitans, ntis. Virg.: 
Mart. 


eitine (subs.) : |. Verbal subs. : 
expr. by verbs for to call: q.v. 
Vocation, profession : 1. ars, artifi- 
cJum; quaestus: v. BUSINESS. ay 


CALMLY 


minus, éris, 2.: V. OFFICE, FUNCTION. 

I]. Calling in of money. 1, ex- 
actio - Cic.: Liv. 9. cdactio: Suet. 

callosity; i ¢. a hard skin, or the 


quality of such ; 1, callum or callus: 
ic.: Cels. Q, calldsitas : Veg. : Scrib. 

callous: J. Lit.: callosus: Cels. ; 
Phin. Il, Fig.: of the mind: expers 
sensus: Vv, INSENSIBLE, Esp. in pbr. to 
become c.: 1, vcccallesco, callui, 3 
(also found in lit. sense: Pl.): I have 
now become entirely c., jam prorsus oc- 
callui, Cic. 2. percallesco, 3 (to 
become quite c.) Cic. 8. obdiresco, 
dirui, 3: Vv. HARDENED, TO BE. 

callousness : : Vv. INSENSIBILITY. 

r.. endurance of pain is one thing, 

c. another, *alrud est patientem doloris 
esse, aliud jam occalluisse. 

callow: implimis, e- a bird sitting 
upon her c. young, assidens implumibus 
pullis avis, Hor.: Plin. 

calm (a4).): 1, placidus (vy. GEN- 
TLE): c. sleep, p. somnus, Ov.: a c. sky, 
p- coelum, Sil.: a c, sea, p. mare, Plin. 
Fig. c. and gentle old age, p. ac lenis 
senectus, Cic.; a ¢. speech, p. oratio, 
Cic.: a very c. peace, placidissima pax, 
Cie. 2. sédatus (i. e. quiet, still) - a 
ce. river, s. amnis, Cic. Fig.: to write 
with a c.er mind, sedatiore animo scrib- 
ere, Cic. 8, tranquillus (unrwffled, 
undisturbed): the sea is in its own 
nature c., mare sua natura t. est, Cic.: 
c. waters, t. aquae, Ov.: a ec. day, t. 
dies, Plin.- ac. and serene forehead, t. 
et serena frons, Cic. Fig.: a c. mind, 
t. animus, Cic.: c. old age, t. senectus, 
Hor. 4, placatus (strictly of what 
once was not calm): ¢c. seas, p. maria, 
Virg.: very c rest, quies placatissima, 
Cic. Fig.: a cer mind, placatior ani- 


mus, Liv. §, quiétus (i. e. at rest): 
V. QUIET. 6, aequus (i. e. even, 
equable; only of the mind): to bear 


anything with ac. mind, aliquid aequo 
animo pati, Cic.: Hor.: v. EQUANIMITY 
Phr.: to become calm: résido, sédi, 3 
he hoped their minds had not yet become 
c. from the prevwus war, eorum mentes 
nondum ab superiore bello resedisse 
sperabat, Caes.: their hearts have be- 
come c. from swelling wrath, corda ex 
tumida ira resederunt, Virg. 
calm (subs.): 1, tranquillitas . 
we in the long ships intended to lie in 
wait for the c.s, nos longis navibus 
tranquillitates aucupaturi eramus, Cic. : 
Caes.: Liv. Zz, tranquillum (only in 
oblique cases sing.): to wish in a c. for 
bad weather, in tranquillo tempestatem 
adversam optare, Cic.: in a c., as they 
say, any one who pleases is steersman, 
tranquillo, ut aiunt, quilibet gubernator 
est,Sen. 9, malacia (a dead c. at sea: 
Gr. padaxia): Caes.: Vv. CALMNESS. 
calm (w.): |. Lit.: to still the 
sea, ete.: 1, sédo, 1 (éo still, quiet, 
allay: q. v.): the tempest is c.’d, tem- 
pestas sedatur, Cic. 92. tranquillo, 1 
(to render smooth, unrufiied): ‘toc. the 
troubled waters,” mare t. (of oi/), Plin. 
3. placo, 1 (fig.): Aeolus c.s the 
seas, Hippotades aequora p., Ov. 4, 
lénio, 4: v. TO APPEASE. ll. Fig.: 
1, sédo, 1: toc. anger, iram s., PI. < 
Cics: Vv. TO ALLAY. DF tranquillo, I 
to c. the feelings, animos t., Cie. (Tran- 
quillo is a more fig. expression than 
sedo: cf. supr. 2.) 3, placo, 1 (i.e. 
to reduce to peace and quietness) : to c. 
and pene the Feelings, animos p, ac 
lenire, Cic.: v. also TO SOOTHE. 
calming (eubs.): sédatio: the c. of 
the mind, animi s., Cic. (But usu. best 
expr. by part of verb: v. TO CALM.) 
almly: 1, léniter (i. e. with 
gentle, even course): to bear a thing 
c., aliquid 1. ferre, Ov.. to Ss one's 
life c., 1. traducere aevum, Hor. 2. 
placaté: let us bear all human events c. 
and with moderation, omnia humana p. 
et moderate feramus, Cic. 38, plicidé: 
to bear pain c. and composedly, p. et 
pedate ferre dolorem, Cic. 4, sé@daté: 
Cic. 5, tranquillé: to speak c., 
re “dicere, Cic.: Sen. . (For the diff. 
between the above, comp. CALM, adj.) 





forac., 


CAMP 





calmness: 1, franquillitas (both 
lit. and fig.): c. of mind, animi t., Cic. . 
c. of life, t. vitae, Cic. 9. tran- 
quillum: the republic was reduced to c., 
respublica in tranquillum redacta est, 
Liv.: Ter.: v. CALM. 3. Of the 
mind; aequus animus: to witness any- 
thing with c., aliquid aequo a. videre, 
Cic.* v. EQUANIMITY. (Calmness of 
mind may also bé expr. by _— icidus 
animus, tranquillus animus, etc.: v. 
CALM.) 

calomel: cailémé#las, anis, n.: M. L. 

caloric: prob. the best word for 
scient. ¢. ¢. is ignis: cf. Lucr. 1, 637. 

calorific; calorificus (rare): Gell. 

caltrop: J. A kind of thistle: 
tribilus: Virg.: Plin. |], A military 
instrument : 1, tribilus: Veg. @Q 


murex, icis, m.: won c.s, Mm. ferrel, 
Curt. 
calumniate: 1, criminor,1: I 


was afraid lest she should c. me to you, 
hance metui ne me criminaretur tibi, 
Ter. : V. TO SLANDER. e. opprobria 
falsa dicere: v.caLuMNY. 8, obtrecto, 
I: Vv. TO REVILE, DISPARAGE. 4. 
mialédico: v. TO REVILE. 
calumniation: v. CALUMNY. 
calumniator: 1, obtrectator : 
the charges of c.s, obtrectatorum crimi- 
nationes, Suet.: Cic.: v. REVILER. 9: 
malédicus s. milédicens homo: v. cALUM- 
NIOUS. 8, criminator (v. rare): PL: 
Tac. (Not calumniator; which denotes 
a false accuser, or one who brings legat 
actions against any one Jor gain: Gr. 
ovKopav7ns.) 
calumnious: 1, crimindésus: c. 
Iambics, ¢. lambi, Hor.: Cic.: v. SLAN- 
DEROUS. 9. calumniodsus. a ¢. accu- 
sation, c. accusatio, Ulp.: c. charges, 
c. criminationes, Arnob. 
calumniously : 1, crim{ndsé : 
Cic.: Suet. Q, calumniose : Dig. 38. 
per calumniam (only if the reference is 
to a formal false accusation: q. v.). 
calumny : 1, mialédictum: fo 
heap c.s upon a person’s life, m. in ali- 
cujus vitam conjicere, Cic.: Vv. ABUSE. 
2, criminatio falsa- Cic. (also 
simply criminatio, esp. in pl.: Liv). 
3. opprobrium falsum~ to be as- 
sailed by c.s, op. falsis morderi, Hor. : 
Vv. REPROACH. Phr.. to invent c.s, 
crimina fingere, Cic.: to bespatter the 
lustre of a life with c.s, splendorem 
vitae maculis adspergere, Cic. . to indulge 
in ¢.s against a man behind his back, 
absentem aliquem rodere. Hor.: v. To 
BACKBITE. 
calve;: parére: v. TO BRING FORTH. 
calvinism: ¥calvinianismus: Morh. 
Poly. 1, 10, 35. (But the word should 


| only be used in purely technical sense : 


and even then Calvini dogmata would 
usu. be preferable.) 

calvinist: *calvinianus: Morh. 1. c. 
(Better usu Calvini sectator s. discip- 
ulus: v. FOLLOWER.) 

calyx: 1, calyx, ¥cis, m.: Plin. 

9, calithus: Col. 

cambric: ténuissimum linum: Cic. 
Verr. 5, 11: V. LINEN. 

Camel: camélus: Cic.: Plin.: c. 
Bactrianus. Linn. Phr.. camel's milk, 
camelinum lac, Plin.: @ c. driver, 
cimélarius, Arcad. Dig. 

camelopard: camélipardiiis, is, /-: 
Varr.: Plin. 

cameo: it 
Ben. 3, 26. 
Plin. 37, 10, 63. 

camera obscura: 
M. L. 


imago ectYpa: Sen. 
9. ectypa scalptura: 


*ciméra obsciira . 


camlet; pannus ex pilis caprinis 
factus. 
camomile: anthémis, idis, /: Plin. 


camp (subs.): castra, orum : to pitch 
a c., c. ponere. Caes.: to choose ground 
locum castris capere, Sall.: to 
break up a c., c. movere, Caes.: Liv.: a 
permanent c., castra stativa, Cic.: @ 
summer c., aestiva c., Suet. (or simply 
aestiva: Cic.: Tac.): a winter c., c 
hiberna, Liv. (or oftener, simply hiberna, 
Caes.): a very strongly J ortified c., muni- 
tissimac.,Cic. Phr.. the method of cs 

105 


CAMP 


CANKER-WORM 


CANVASS 





and warfare, castrensis ratio et militaris, 
Cic.: c. amusements, castrenses ludi, 
Suet.: to measure or lay out a c., cas- 
tramétor, 1: (or as two words, castra 
metor): Tac.: Liv. 

camp (.): Vv. TO ENCANP. 

camp-follower: 1, calo, Onis: 
Caes.: Liv. 9, lixa: Liv.: Quint. 

campaign: 1, stipendium (esp. in 
plu.): the young men had now completed 
the eighth c., juventus octavo jam s. 
functa erat, Hirt.: he had served the 
fewest c.s, minime multa s. babebat, 
Liv.: thirty c.s, tricena s., Tac. by 
aestiva, orum (as operations were con- 


fined to the swmmer months): Hirt. . 
Vell. 3, tirdcinium (one’s first c.): 
Liv.: Just. 


camphor: camphora: M. L. 

camphorated: campboratus: M. L. 

Can (subs.): hirnéa: v. JuG. 

can (v.): 1, possum, potui, posse 
(foll. by inf.; and used o/ all kinds of 
ability or possibility): the enemy can 
no longer huld out, hos'es diutius sus- 
tinere non possunt, Caes.: he says he 
cannot grant any one a passage through 
the province, negat se p. iter ulli per 
provinciam dare, Caes.: all is now being 
done which I aflirmed could not be done, 
omnia nunc fiunt fieri quae posse ne- 
gabam, Ov.: as diligently as I possibly 
could, ut [quam] diligentissime potui, 
Cic. (V. POSSIBLE, POSSIBLY): J cannot 
but exclaim, non possum quin exclamem, 
Cic. (more freq. facere non possum quin, 
etc.: v. BUT, iv.): I cannot but write 
to you, ut nihil ad te dem literarum 
facere non possum, Cic. 2, queo, quivi, 
quitum, 4 (less freq. than possum, and 
referring rather to possibility jvom cur- 
cumstances than to inherent ability: 
with in/.): as we can, since we are not 
at liberty to do as we will, ut quimus, 
quando ut volumus non licet, Ter.. 
most freq. with negative: as, I cannot 
write the vest, non queo reliqua scribere, 
Cic.: Hor.: for which we have 3 
néqueo, quivi, itum, 4, which is far 
more frequent than the simple verb: 
I cannot but weep, nequeo quin lacri- 
mem, Ter.: ye cannot look straight at 
the sun, solem adversum intueri ne- 
qnitis, Cic.: Hor. Phr.: which cannot 
be satd in verse, quod versu dicere non 
est, Hor.: do what you can to save my 
son, serva, quod in te est, filium, Ter. : 
he can do what he chooses, i.e. is his 
own master, suae potestatis est, Nep.: 
I cannot tell what to do about the child- 
ren, de pueris quid agam non habeo, 
Cic.: I can assert that as a positive fact, 
illud affirmare pro certo habeo, Liv. : 
“what cannot be cured must be en- 
dured,”” levius fit patientia quicquid 
corrigere est nefas, Hor. When can or 
cannot refer to knowledge or ignorance, 
as of an art, they may be rendered by 
scio, nescio: v. TO KNOW KOW: when 
can signifies to be at liberty, it is expr. 
by licet: v. MAY; TO BE AT LIBERTY. 
Also can in combination with a passive 
verb may often be expressed with an 
adjective in bilis or ilis: as, towers 
which can be moved, mobiles turres, 
Curt.: a beast that can be taught, belua 
docilis, Cic.: a@ knot that cannot be 
untied, nodus indissolubilis, Plin. 

canal: 1, fossa navigabilis. to 
excavate ac., f. navigabilem deprimere, 
Tac. (but f. facere is equally good 
Latin): or simply fossa: the c. of the 
Rhine, Rheni f., Cic. 2. nilus or 
euripus (rare): v. conDUIT. (N.B. Not 
canalis; which is @ water-pipe or 
conduit.) 

canary-bird: *fringilla Canaria 

inn. 

canary-grass: phalaris, idis, 7. (?): 

lin. 


canary-wine: *vinum ex insulis 
Fortunatis importatum. 
cancel: |. Lit.: of written cha- 
racters: déleo; litiram facio: v. T. 
ERASE, BLOT OUT. Il. Fig. : to revoke 
or annul (q. v.) a will, engagement, etc. 
], indiico, duxi, ductum, 3 (with 
ref. to drawing the end of the stylus 
106 





over writing in wax): to c. a decree of 
the senate, senatus consultum in., Cic.: 
to c. contracts, locationes in., Liv. O} 
tollo, sustili, sublatum, 3: v. 10 ABO- 
LISH. 8. cancello, 1 (from the prac- 
tice of obliterating writing by cross 
lines): toc. a will, testamentum c., Ulp.: 
V. TO REPEAL, RESCIND. 

cancelling (swbs.): résdlutio (rare) 
the c. of a sale, venditionis r., Ulp.: 
(more usu. expr. by part of verb. v. 
TO CANCEL). 

cancer: |. One of the signs of 
the zodiac: cancer, cri: Lucr.: Ov. ff, 
1, cancer, cri: Cels. Q 


A disease : f 
carcindma, Atis, m.: Cels.: Plin. By 
phagédaena: Plin. 

cancerous: 1, phagédaenicus: c. 


wounds, p. vulnera, Plin. 
crosus: M. L. 

candelabrum: candélabrum (a 
candlestick: q. v.): Cic.: Plin. 

candid: 1. Apertus (lit. open ; 
and so, wnprejudiced): a c. mind, a. 
animus, Cic. 2. candidus (lit. bright, 
Jair): ac. judge, c. judex, Hor.: a c. 
disposition c. ingenium, Hor. Ry 
liber: v. FRANK. 4, sincérus: v. sIN- 
CERE. 

candidate: 1, candidatus (prop. 
a cand. jor a public office; as such wore 
whitened togas): a c. for the praetor- 
ship, praetorius c., Cic.: @ c. for the 
consulship, consulatus c., Plin.: a c¢. 
recommended by Caesar, c. Caesaris, 
Vell.: a c. not for the consulship only, 
but for immortality and glory, c. non 
consulatus tantum sed immortalitatis et 
gloriae, Plin.: a c. for crucifixion, c. 
crucis, Apul. Q, pétitor (rare): Hor. 
Phr.: tobe ac. for the consulship, con- 
sulatum petere, Cic.: Liv.: to announce 
oneself as ac., profiteri: Liv.: Sall.: 
eg duty of a c., candidatorium munus, 

ic. 

candidateship: pétitio: Cic.: a 
c. for the consulship, consulatus p., 
Caes.: to abstain from c. for public 
offices. petitione honorum abstinere, Tac. 

candidly: 1. sincéré: to speak 
c., Ss. dicere, Ter.; s. loqui, Cic. 2. 
candidé : Coel. ap. Cic. 3, libéré: v. 
FRANKLY. 4. aperté: v. OPENLY, 
UNDISGUISEDLY. Phr.: I was wont c. 
to acknowledge that I had been anxious 
to be pravsed by you, quod me abs te 
cupissem laudari, aperte’ atque ingenue 
conftitebar, Cic. 

candied; *saccharo conditus. 

candle: 1. candéla (made from 
rushes, reeds, cords, etc.): to make 


2. can- 


tallow c.s,candelas sebare, Col. Q, sé- 
bacéus (@ tallow c.): Apul. 3. cé- 
réus (@ waz c.): Cic.: Sen. 4, céra: 
Vv. TAPER. 

candlemas: *candélaria (/pl.) ; 


festum purificationis B. Mariae; festum 
S. Mariae candelarum: Du Cange, s. v. 

candlestick: candélabrum: Quint. : 
Plin. 


candour: candor, libertas: v. FRANK- 
NESS, INGENUOUSNESS, 

candy: *saccharo condio, 4: M. L. 

candy-tuft: ibéris, idis, f. (?): Plin. 

cane (subs.): 1, canna (strictly 
reed: q.v.): Col.: Ov. > (For 
riding or walking): bacilus, virga: v. 
STICK. 

cane (v.): *baculo, virga, ferula 
ferire s. verberare. 

Canine: caninus: Ov.: Juv.: c. 
teeth, dentes c., Plin. 

canister: 1. pyxis, idis, f. (any 
small box): a tin ¢., pyxis stannea, 


Plin. 2. capsiila: v. BOX. 
canker (a disease of plants): I. 
Lit.: robigo: v. RUST, BLIGHT. Il. 


Fig.. of that which eats away and de- 
stroys: 1, aerigo, inis, f. (lit. copper- 
rust): this is sheer e. (with ref. to 
insidious calumny), haec est ae. mera, 
Hor. 2. labes, is, f. (lit. stain): 
here was the first c.-spot of my woe. hine 
mihi prima mali labes, Virg. 

canker (v.): pérédo, corrumpo: v. 
TO CORRODE. 

canker-worm: érica: Plin.: Col. 


cannibal: anthropophagus: Plin. 
cannibalism ; *hominibus vescendi 
mos: to practise c., corporibus humanis 
vesci, Plin. 
cannon: *tormentum (the precise 
sense being determined by the context: 
Vv. ARTILLERY). Phr.: to load a c., 
globum ferreum una cum pulvere (ni- 
trato) in tormentum injicere: to dis- 
charge a c., *missilia (missilem globum) 
ex tormento, igni admoto, projicere. 
cannonade (subs.): Phr.: the town 
sustained a heavy c., *oppidum tormentis 
graviter verberatum est: the c. lasted 
Jour hours, *per quattuor horas tor- 
mentis pugnabatur: v. TO BATTER. 
cannonade (¥.): turmentis verberare 
or oppugnare: Vv. TO BATTER. 
cannon-ball: *globus ferreus tor- 
mentarius ; missilis globus. 
cannon-shot: v. ¢.-BALL. Phr.: 
the ships soun «ot out of c.-shot, *naves 
extra tormentorum ictus brevi eva- 
serunt. 
canoe: linter, scapha: v. BOAT. 
canon: |. A vule: ], canon 
(xavey), Onis, m. (strictly, a ca: penter’s 
rule): the cs of grammar, c. gramma- 
tici, Auson.: in M. L. often used of eccl. 
regulations: Concil. Trident. (Labbe). 
9. regula, norma: RULE, LAW. 
Phr.: the c.-lai, jus canonicum: Eccl. 
An ecclesiastical dignitary: 
cindnicus: Eccl. 
canoness: *cindnica: M. L. 
canonical: *candnicus: M. L. 
canonically: *canonicé: M. L. 
canonicals: *vestis sacerdotalis. 
canonization: *alicujus inter sanc- 
tos relatio. (But usu. better expr. by a 
verb: as, after the c. of ....., postquam 
inter sanctos est relatus: v. foll. art.) 
canonize;: Phr.: *aliquem inter 
sanctos referre ; sanctorum ordini aggree 
gare (Kr.): sanctorum ordinibus ad- 
scribere (cf. Hur, Od. 3, 3, 35); excele 
lentes viros in coelum tollere, Cic.: v. 
TO IMMORTALIZE. 
canonry: *cinonicatus, tis: M. L, 
canopy: 1, conopéum (conopium, 
Hor.): i. e. originally, @ curtain for 
keeping off mosquitoes (kwvwmes): Juv. 
veéla, orum: Vv. AWNING. 3: 
aulaeum (more freq. pl.) : V. CURTAIN. 
cant (subs.): *pietatis (erga Deum) 
inanis ac verbosa ostentatio. Phr.: 
ac. term of trade, *vocabulum minus 
usitatum et opificii alicujus proprium. 
cant (v-), *fictae pietatis ostentatione 
se efferre. 
cantata: *carmen ad musicam ac- 
commodatum. 
canteen: *caupodna (taberna) milit- 
aris s. castrensis. 
canter (v.): *leniter ae quiete cur- 
rere; leniter quadrupedare: v. TO 
GALLOP. 
canter (subs.) : (?) gradus lenis atque 
quadrupedans: v. GALLOP. 
icantharides: cantharides. um, f.: 
in. 
canticle; used only in eccles. sense: 
canticum: the book of C.s, canticum 
canticorum, Vulg. 
canting (adj.): (?) verbosus: cf. 
Cic. Mur. 14: *ficta pietate se efferens: 
Vv. HYPOCRITICAL. 
cantingly: Phr.: to speak c., 
*pietatis simulatione loqui; *simulata 
pietate. 
canto: of a poem: liber: v. BOOK. 
canton (subs.): pagus: the state ts 
divided into four c.s, civitas in quatuor 
p. divisa est, Caes. 
canton (v.): Phr.: to c. troops for 
the winter, milites in hibernis collocare, 
Caes. 
cantonment: *loca exercitui cas- 
tris assignata ; or simply, castra: v. 
QUARTERS. 


canvas: |, Coarsecloth: *linteum 
crassum. , Sails: q. v.: véla, 
orum. II]. Cloth jor painting: tex- 


tile, is, m.: @ painting on c., pictura in 
textili, Cic.: Prop. +s 
canvass (v.): |. To solicit for 
votes : 1, ambio, 4: the citizens are 
c.'d by the candidates, ambiuntur a can- 





~- a 


CANVASS 





didatis cives, Cic. 2. circumeo or 
circiieo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (like ambio, 
Meaning fo go round trom house to 
house: but while amb. is the technical 
word for canvassing in general, circum. 
refers more to the act of visiting): 
Furnius and Lentulus c.’d and worked 
with us, F. et L. una nobiscum circumi- 
erunt et laboraverunt, Cic.: Antonius 
was c.ing the veterans to secure the rati- 
fication of Caesar's acts, Antonium c. 
veteranos, ut Caesaris acta sancirent, Cic. 
3. prébenso or prenso, 1 (lit. to 
take hold of the hands of voters): often 
in combination with circumire: as, cir- 
cumire et p. patres, Liv.: Cic. Il. Zo 
sift, discuss: q. v. 
Canvass (subst.): 1, ambitio (a 
legal c.): my c. withdrew me from that 
consideration, mea me a. ab illa cogita- 
tione abstrahebat, Cie. 2. ambitus, 
Us (an unlawful c.): v. BRIBERY: Cic. 
8. pétitio: to devote oneself to ac., 
i. e. to solicit an office, petitioni se dare, 
Cic.: V.CANDIDATFSHIP. 4, prensatio 
(opening of acanvass by shalcing people’s 
hands): Cic. Att. 1, 1, iit. 
Canvasser: (?)circuitor. (Or expr. 
by part of verb. as, to choose c.s for 
the different parts of the city, homines 
deligere qui singulos urbis vicos cir- 
cumeant: v. TO CANVASS.) 
canvassing (subs.): v. CANVASS. 
cap: 1, piléus and piléum (prop. 
a felt c.: the most common term): 
Liv.: Suet.: wearing such ac., piléatus: 
Liv.: Suet.: pilédlus and -lum, @ small 
c. of the kind: Hor.: Col. 2, gilérus, 
seldom -um (a kind of pileus or cap 
worn by priests; and made of the skin 
of a victim, Serv. ap. Face. s. v.): Varr.: 
Apul. Also used for any close-fitting 
c.: Virg.: Suet. 8. apex, icis, m. 
@ conical cap worn by flamens): Virg.: 
iv. 4, pétisus, (a broad-brimmed 
c. like that of Mercury): Pl. 
capability: 1. facultas: thec. of 
bringing forth, f. pariendi, Ter.: the c. 
of spealcing, |. dicendi, Cic. 2, esp. in 
pl.: opportinitas - naval c.s (of a place), 
maritimae op., Liv.: Cic.: v. ADVAN- 
TAGES. 8, habilitas: v. capacity. 
capable: 1, capax, acis (with 
gen.): an animal more c. of lofty 
reason, animal mentis capacius altae, 
Ov.: c. of ruling, c. imperii, Tac. as 
Expr. by verbal adj. in -ans or -ens in 
act. sense: or -bilis, -ilis, in pass.: as, 
c. of enduring fasting, cold, patiens in- 
ediae, frigoris, Sall. c. of resisting tempt- 
ation in respect of money, continens 
in pecunia, Caes. In pass. sense: c. of 
being taught, ddcilis: with abl. (Plin.); 
gen. (Hor.); ad and acc. (Varr.): c. of 
being penetrated, pénetrabilis Ov.: Sen. 
8, Expr. by circuml.; by possum, 
etc.: as, the words are c. of both inter- 
pretations, *verba in utramque partem 
accipi possunt: my friend is rol c. of 
doing a base action, *amicus meus non 
is est qui turpe quicquam in se admittat. 
Phr.: to be c. of division, destruction, 
divisionem, interitum capere, Lact.: v. 
TO ADMIT OF. 
capacious: 1. capax, cis: a c. 
urn, urna c., Hor.: a@ roomy anid c. 
house, spatiosa et c. domus, Plin.: a c. 
intellect, c.ingenium, Ov. 2, amplus: 
Y. SPACIOUS. 
Capaciousness: cipacitas: Cic. : 
Plin. 


Capacity: |, Of extent of space: 
cApacitas: Cic.: Plin. |, Extent of 
mental power : 1, mensutra: to lower 


oneself to the c. of a learner, se ad m. 
discentis submittere, Quint. 2, miédus: 
V. MEASURE. = |], Alilityitself: 1, 
captus, us: esp. in phr. ut c. [meus, 
etc.] est, pro c. [meo, etc.], to the extent 
of any one’s c., Cic. 2. ingénium: 
docility, memory. which are usually 
designated by the single name of c., 
docilitas, memoria, quae fere appellantur 
uno ingenii nomine, Cic.: v. TALENTS, 
FacuLTy. |V, Legal ability: cipaci- 
tas: Gaius. 
Caparison (subs.): 
lum: ¥ TRAPPINGS. 


stratum, stragil- 


CAPITULATION 


Caparison (v.): insterno, stravi, 
stratum, 3: Aorses c.’d with purple, 
instrati ostro alipedes, Virg.: shall your 
horse be c.’d more beautifully than your 
wife ts dressed ? equus tuus speciosius 
instratus erit quam uxor vestita? Liv. 

cape: |. A promontory: promon- 
torium to double u c., p. flectere, Cic. ; 
p. superare, Liv. I]. A covering for 
the shoulders : himérale, is, n. : Paul.Dig- 

caper (v.): exsulto: v. TO FRISK. 

caper (subs.): exsultatio: Plin.: 
Col. Phr.: to cut strange c.s, motus 
ridiculos dare: y. ANTICS. 

caper-bush: capparis, is, f.: Plin.: 

l.: *capparis spinosa, Linn. 

- capercailzie; tétrao, onis, m. : Suet.: 
lin. 

capillary: 1, capillaris, e: Apul. 

2. capillactus: Plin. (N.B. Used 
by those writers in the sense of hairy, 
hair-like.) Phr.: c. attraction, *ea at- 
tractio quae quasi per capillamenta 
fic(?): the cs (in anatomy), *venae 
capillares. 

capital (acj.): =, Chief: prin- 
ceps, praecipuus: v. PRINCIPAL. Il. 
Adjecting life (of offences and punish- 
ments): capitalis, e: to accuse any one 
of a c. offence, aliquem rei c. accusare, 
Cie : ae. crime, c. noxa, Liv.: c. trials, 

[anaigia c., Quint.: c. punishment, c. 
poena, Suet. Phr.: ac. crime, capitale, 
Cic.: a ec. trial, judicium capitis, Cic.: 
c. punishment, capitis poena, Caes.: to 
accuse of a c. offence, capitis accusare, 
Nep. Il]. Large, only in the phrase, 
c. letters, liteyae capitaneae, Auct. rei 
agr.; literae unciales (prop. letters an 
inch in size), M. L. (the term usually 
employed in distinguishing MSS. written 
in large square characters from those 
written in cursive hand). IV. £xcel- 
lent (q.v.): 1, imsignis,e: cf Phaedr. 
1,11,14.  Q, lépidus (comicé): v. FINE. 

Capital (sws.): |. The highest 
member of a column: cipitilum: Vitr.; 
Plin. I]. A chief city: 1, capit, 
itis, m.: Rome, the c. of the world, 
Roma, orbis terrarum c., Liv.: the ec. 
and stronghold of the kingdom, c. arxque 
regni, Liv. 2, régia (as the residence 
of the sovereign): Sardis, the c. of 
Croesus, Croesi regia Sardes, Hor.: Plin.: 
V. METROPOLIS. Il. Aloney employed 
Sor profit : 1, caput: to deduct in- 
terest from c., capiti mercedem exsecare, 
Hor. 2. sors, sortis, f.: both c. and 
interest, et s. et fenus, Pl.: the interest 
eats up the c., mergunt sortem usurae, 
Liv.: Cic. 8. fenus (foen.), dris, n. 
(rare, and only of c. lent at interest) : 
Pl.: Cic. Phr.: he gives out of his profit, 
and has taken nothing Jrom his c., dat 
de lucro, nihil detraxit de vivo, Cic.: ec. 
out at interest, positi in foenore numi, 

| Hor.: v. PRINCIPAL, STOCK. 

capitalist: *qui pecunias suas fen- 
ore ponit, collocat; qui ex opibus suis 
lucra facit (ef. Cic. Verr. 3, 38): or per- 
haps simply homo bene nummatus 

(Hor.), or tenérator: v. MONEY-LENDER. 

capitally: |. In a way affecting 
life: Phr.! to punish c., capite punire, 

Liv. |], Fxcellently, admirably (q. v.): 

€grégie, insigniter. 
capitation: |. Poll-tax: tributum 
in singula capita impositum: Caes. ff, 

A grant of money made per head: *pe- 

cunia in singula capita collata. 
capitol: capitoliim: Liv.: in poet. 
often pl : Hor.: Virg. 
capitulate: i. e. to surrender on 
terms: ex pacto (or pactis) urbem trad- 
ere, dedere: vy. foll. art., and To suR- 
RENDER. 
capitulation: i. e. a surrender on 
conditions : 1, deditio ex condition- 

ibus facta: cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 323 3, 22. 

Sometimes, from the nature of the con- 

text, deditio alone is enough: as, a c. 
was determined on: the terms being, 

(ee, deditio facta est: pacta (sunt) ut, 
etc., Liv. 22, 52. 2. pactio: let them 

take back their arms which they deli- 

vered up in accordance with the c., 

recipiant arma quae per p. tradiderunt, 
| Liv. ; 

























CAPTURE 





capon: 1, capo, Onis, m.: Varr. 
art. 2, gallus spado: Pub. Syr. 
caprice : 1, libido (lib.), inis, 7 
(often in seuse of lust: q. v.): what de- 
pends upon another's will, not to say c., 
quod positum est in alterius voluntate, 
ne dicam libidine, Cic.: Sall. 2. in- 
constantia; v. INCONSTANCY, FICKLENESS, 
Phr.: tf such shall be the c. of usage, si 
volet usus, Hor.: v. TO PLEASE. 
capricious : 1, lévis, inconstans, 
mObDilis, etc.: v. FICKLE. 2. ventosus 
(i. e, changing like the u ind) : the suf- 
Srages of the c. people, y. plebis suffragia, 
Hor.: Cic. (Virg. expresses the idea 
fully in his “ varium et mutabile semper 
femina.’’) 
capriciously : 1, ex libidine 
(lub.): Sall. Q. inconstanter: Cic, 
Capriciousness: lévitas, mobilitas: 
V. FICKLENESS. 
capricorn: 1. capricornus: Cic.: 
Tor. 2. briimale signum: Cic. 
caprification : caprilicatio: Plin. 
capsicum: 1. pipéritis, is, and 
idis, 7.: Plin. 2. siliquastrum: Plin. 
3, *capsicum amnium: Linn. 
capstan: 1. siicila: Cato. Q, 
ergata, ae, m.: Vitr. 
capsular: capsiilaris,e: M. L. 
capsule: |. Ln botany: vascilum: 
Plin. ||, In anatomy: capsiila: M. L. : 
the c. of the crystalline lens, *c, crys- 
tallina. 
captain: |. Chief (a. v.): prin- 
ceps, dux, etc. Phr.: c. uf the watch, 
vigilum or vigilibus praefectus, Paul. 
Dig.: a c. of pirates, archipirata, Cic. : 
Liv. Il. The commander of a com- 
pany or troop of soldiers: centirio (of 
intantry), praefectus (of cavalry), are 
perhaps the best terms: v. OFFICER. 


Tac. 3, nauclérws: i. q. navicularius: 
Pl. 4, magister (the most gen. term): 


ores et m. navium, Liv.: Virg. Pbhr.: 
the c. of a ship of war, centurio classi- 
arius, Tac. IV. 4 master of the mili- 
taryart: imperator, dux : v. GENERAL. 
Phr.: Considius was considered a very 
great c., Considius rei militaris peritissi- 
mus habebatur, Caes. 

captaincy (?) centiiriatus, iis, (cf. 

captainship ene II.): Cic. 

caption: Vv. APPREHENSION. 

captious: |. Disposea to find 
fault, or to cavil: mordsus: we are so 
hard to please and so c., that Demosthenes 
himself does not satisfy us, usque eo 
difficiles ac m. sumus, ut nobis non satis- 
faciat ipse Demosthenes, Cic. I]. Jn- 
tended to ensnare: captidsus: c. ques- 
tions, c. interrogationes, Cic. Phr.: to 
make c. objections, cavillari, Cic.- Liv.: 
V. INSIDIOUS. 

captiously: captidsé: to question 
¢., c. interrogare, Cic. 

captiousness: morositas: Cic. 

captivate: _ 1. capio, cépi, captum, 
3: to be cd by pleasure, voluptate capi, 
Cic.: the minds of the young were 
craftily c.d, adolescentium animi dolis 
capiebantur, Sall. 2. délénio, 4- to 
c. any one by the allurements of plea- 
sure, aliquem blanditiis voluptatum d., 
Cic.: Ov.: v. TO CHARM. 

captive (subs.): captivus: fem. cap- 
liva: to ransom c.s from slavery, cap- 
tivos e servitute redimere, Cic.: Ov.: v. 
PRISONER. 

captive (adj.): captivus: c. bodies, 
¢. corpora, Liv.: ac. mind, c. mens, Ov. 
Phr.: Jugurtha is led c. to Rome, J. 
Romam adducitur vinctus, Sall. 

captivity: captivitas: the end ofa 
long c., finis diuturnae c., Cic.: T'ac.: v. 
SLAVERY. 

captor: qui capit, etc. Phr.: the 
c. of a city, urbis expugnator, Cic. 

capture (subs.): The act of tak- 
ing: ], captiira: the c. of jsishes, c. 
piscium, Plin. 2. expugnalio: the c. 
of a city, urbis ex., Caes, 3. More 
usu. expr. by verb: the c.of Saguntum 
increased the fame of Hannibal, *Sa- 

107 


CAPTURE 





guntum captum Hannibalis famam belli 
auxit: after the c. of the fort they at- 
tempted to demolish it, cum castellum 
ante cepissent, id demoliri sunt conati, 
Vitr. 

capture (v.): cpio, excipio: v. TO 
CATCH, TAKE, 

captured (adj.): captivus: c. ships, 
ce. naves, Caes.: c. standards, ¢. signa, 
Liv.: c. lands, ¢c. agri, Tac. 

capuchin: *capucinus; monachus 
ex ordine capucinorum: M. L. 

car: |. Equiv. to chariot (q. v.): 
currus, is, m. ||, A ponderous vehicle ; 
as the ¢. of Juggernaut: *ingens ac 
turritus (excelsus) currus. i. An 
ordinary light vehicle: (?) cisium: v. 
CHAISE. 

carat: |. The third part of an 
ounce: unciae triens, entis, m.: M. L. 

|]. In measuring the fineness of 

gold: a proportionate part of the unit 
regarded as divided into 24 equal parts : 
as, gold 20 c.s fine, *aurum purum ex 
dextante: (and so with the other frac- 
tions of the as). 

caravan: |. A company of tra- 
vellers, etc.: ], comméatus, ts: cs 
coming from the sea of Pontus, c. Pon- 
tico mari adventantes, Tac.: Suet. Q, 
comitatus, tis: Caes.: Liv. |], A large 
covered vehicle: *vehiculum magnum 
atque tectum. 

caravansary : 
or -eum: Hier.: Cod. Just. 
versorium : v. INN. 

caraway: caréum: Plin.: *careum 
carvi: Linn. 

carbine: *sclopétum breve: M. L. 

ecarbineer: *eques sclopeto brevi 
armatus: M. L. 

carbon: *carbonium: M. L. 

carbonate: *carbonas, Atis, m.: 
M. L. 


1, xénéddchium, 
92, de- 


carbonic; *carbonicus. M. L.: e. 
acid, *acidum c. 

carbonize: *in carbonium, (? car- 
bonem) redigere. 

carbuncle: |. A tumour: 1, 
farunciilus: Cels.: Plin. 9. carbun- 
cilus: Cels. Il. 4 precious stone : 
carbuncilus: Plin. 

carburet;: carburétum: M. L. 

carburetted: carbonatus: M. L. 

carcass: 1, corpus: v. BoDy. 

2, tergum or tergus, dris, n. (poet.): 

a hundred bristling c.'s of swine, hor- 
rentia centum terga suum, Virg.: the c. 
of an entire om, perpetui tergum bovis, 
Ov.: Phaedr. 3, cadaver : v. CORPSE. 
Phr.: a lion was standing over the 
c. of a bullock, super juvencum stabat 
dejectum leo, Phaedr. 

card (subs.): |. Thick paper: 
*charta crassior. I]. 4 piece of such 
paper used for special purposes : a 
a visiting card: *tessera salutatrix (?) : 
ef. Mart. 9, 99. 2. A playing card: 
*charta lusoria: to play at c.s, *chartis 
ludere: to shuffle the c.s, *chartas 1. per- 
miscere: to deal the c.s, *chartas 1. dis- 
tribuere: a trump c., *charta domina- 
trix (?). 

card (subs.): an instrument for 
combing wool: pesten, inis, n.: Plin.: 
Claud. 

card (v.): 1, pecto, pexi, pexum, 
3: Plin.: Col. 9, carmino, 1: Plin. 

carder of wool: carminator : Inscr. 

cardiac: cardiacus: Cels. 

cardinal (subs.): *cardinalis; pur- 
puratus: ac.'s hat, tiara cardinalis: to 
be made a c., in sanctum cardinalium 
(or, purpuratorum patrum) collegium 
cooptari, M 

cardinal (adj.): v. CHIEF, PRINCI- 
PAL. Phr.: the c. numbers, cardinales 
numeri, Prisc.: the c. winds, cardinales 
venti, Serv.: the c. virtues, *virtutes 
primariae (?); virtutes eae quae quasi 
fontes universae honestatis sunt. 

cardinalate: cardinalatus,ts. M. L. 

carding of wool; carminatio: Plin. 

cardoon: cactus: Plin. 

care (subs.) : |. Anmiety: 1. 
ciira: cs and fears, c. metusque, Cic. : 
consuming c.s,c. edaces, Hor. 2. sol- 
licitido: v. ANXIETY. Phr.. free from 

108 





CAREFUL 


CARICATURE 





c., Secirus: Cic.: Ov.: v. CARELESS, SE- | @ prudent and c. head of a family, pa- 


CURE. I]. Caution, attention: cura: 
these things require active c. and dili- 
gence, haec acrem c. diligentiamque de- 
siderant, Cic.: to display c., c. praestare, 
Suet. : to devote one’s c. to a single object 
exclusively, in re una consumere c., 
Hor. Phr.: to take care (of): (1). 
curo, I (with direct acc., or subj. with 
ut, ne): you have taken good c. of your- 
self, te curasti molliter, Ter.: the gods 
take c. of great things, but neglect the 
small, magna dii ¢., parva negligunt, 
Cic.: take c. of your health, cura ut 
valeas, Cic. (2). civeo, cavi, cautum, 2 
(for constr. v. TO BEWARE): take c., if 
you please, cave sis, Ter.: take c., jury- 
men, lest a new proscription should seem 
to be set on foot, cavete judices ne nova 
proscriptio instaurata esse videatur, 
Cic.: I wish to take better c. of him than 
he usually does of others, melius ei ca- 
vere volo quam ipse aliis solet, Cic. 
Phr.: c. must be taken lest he should 
rashly despair, considerandum est ne 
temere desperet, Cic.: it is all over with 
you unless you are taking c., actum est 
de te nisi provides, Cic. Il. Charge, 
oversight : 1, ciira: the c. of other 
people's affairs is difficult, difficilis est 
c. rerum alienarum, Cic.: the c. of the 
body, corporis c., Suet. 2. ciratio: 
the c. and management of affairs, c. et 
administratio rerum, Cic. 3. custo- 
dia (i. e. watching over): the c. of the 
city, c. urbis, Liv.: the c. of the body, c. 
corporis, Suet.: the c. of the shepherd, 
c. pastoris, Col.: Hor. IV. The ob- 
ject of care: ciira: thou (the common- 
wealth) no slight c. of mine, c. non levis, 
Hor. Od. 1, 14, 18: this sense usu. 
expr. by the dat. (L. G. § 297): Caesar 
promised that that matter should be his 
c., Caesar pollicitus est sibi eam rem 
curae futuram, Caes.: while love is a 
(subject of ) care, dum amor est curae, 
Ov. 

care (v.): 1, ciiro, 1 (with direct 
acc., or subj. with ut, ne): whack! 
whack ! it will be for my back; I don't 
c., tax, tax, tergo erit meo; non curo, 
Pl.: I don't ec. that, who he is, non ego 
istue c., qui sit, Pl.: to c. for the wrongs 
of the allies, injurias sociorum c., Sall. 

2. pendo, pépendi, pensum, }3 (i. e. 

to value, esteem: with such genitives as 
parvi, flocci, etc.): Zc. less for their 
backs than mine, minoris pendo tergum 
illorum quam meum, Pl.: not to c. a 
straw for, (non) flocci p. aliquid, Ter. : 
PL 8. (in negative sentences): mé- 
ror, 1: I don’t c. for the wines of that 
region, Vina nihil moror illius orae, Hor. 
I don’t c. for purple, purpuram nil 
moror, Pl. 4, prospicio, 3 (to care 
Sor; i.e. take thought for: with dat.): 
Vv. TO PROVIDE FoR. Phr.: J don't c. 
in the least which sandals I take, nec 
mihi adest tantillum pensi, quos capiam 
calceos, Pl.; similarly, pensi habere, 
Sall.: they never c.d at all, either what 
they said or what they did, illis quid 
dicerent, nec quid facerent, quicquam 
unquam pensum fuit, Liv. 

careen: *navem in latus inclinare 
ut reficiatur. 


careening expr. by verb: v. pre- 
ceding art. 
career: 1, curricilum: nature 


has marked out for us a brief c. of life, 
an unbounded one of glory, exiguum 
nobis vitae ¢ natura circumscripsit, im- 
mensum gloriae, Cic. 2. cursus, us: 
the c. of life is short, of glory eternal, 
vitae brevis c., gloriae sempiternus, Cic. : 
an uninterrupted c. of battles, continuus 
c. proeliorum, Tac. 8. décursus, us 
(a completed c.): by going through the 
whole c. of honours, decursu honorum, 
CicsOraq ts 4, ténor: v. COURSE. 
careful: |. Full of, or causing, 
care: sollicitus, anxius: v. ANXIOUS. 
Il. Provident, cautious (q. v.). 1, 
diligens, entis : most c. in guarding the 
man, ad hominem custodiendum dilig- 
entissimus, Cic.: c. of every duty, om- 
nis officii d., Cic.: c. of life, vitae d., 
Plin. 2, attentus (somewhat stronger) : 





terfamilias et prudens et at., Cic.: Hor. 
II]. Accurate (q. v.) . 1, ciriosus 
(of persons): c. in every part of history, 
in omni historia c., Cic. 2. dilkgens: 
c. in composition, d. in compositione, 
Quint. : constant and c. writing, assidua 
ac d. scriptura, Cic. 3, acciratus (of 
things): a c. speech, ac, oratio, Cic. 
carefully : |, Anaiously: q. v. 
I]. Attentively, cautiously: 1. 
diligenter: to read a book c., librum d. 
legere, Cic.: the second time he spoke 
much more c.,iterum multum diligentius 
dixit,Cic.: Caes. 2, cauté: what could 
he effect more c.? quid efficere cautius 
potuit? Cic.: to travel c., iter c. facere, 
Caes. II. Accurately : 1, accii- 
raté: to write c. and deliberately, ac. 
cogitateque scribere, Cic. 2. exqui- 
sité : to discuss accurately and c., accus 
rate et ex. disputare, Cic. : 
carefulness: |, Anxiety (q. v.): 
cara, sollicitudo, etc. Il. Cautious- 
ness: diligentia: the enemy perceived 
that through the c. of our men, no ad- 
vantage could be gained, hostes intel- 
lexerunt diligentia nostrorum nihil pro- 
fici posse, Caes.: Cic.: v. CAUTION, 
[I]. Accuracy: q. v. ; 
careless; |, Free from anxiety: 
sécurus: quite c. what may alarm Tiri- 
dates, quid Tiridatem terreat unice s., 
Hor. ; Cic.: v. UNCONCERNED. |, In- 
attentive, neglectful: 1, negligens: c. 
in speech, n. in oratione, Sen.: v. NEGLI- 
GENT: @ c. disposition, n. natura, Cic. : 
too c. of one’s allies and friends, socio- 
rum atque amicorum negligentior, Cic. : 
too c. about the gods, circa deos negli- 
gentior, Suet. 2, indiligens; Caes. 
3. dissdlitus (i. e. loose): c. in one’s 
private affairs, d. in re familiari, Cic. 
Ill. Zraccurate: q. v. 
carelessly: 1, negligenter: v. 
NEGLIGENTLY. 2. indiligenter ; Cic. : 
Caes. 3. s€cire (i.e. withoué care 
or concern): V. UNCONCERBNEDLY. 4, 
inciiridsé ; @ camp c. pitched in an 
enemy’s country, castra in hostico in. 
posita, Liv.: Gell. 5, sdlité, dissd- 
lut€: v. LOOSELY, LAXLY. 
carelessness : 1, inciria: sol- 
diers destroyed by c., milites incuria 
consumpti, Cic.: the c. of public officers, 
magistratuum in., Tac. 2. negli- 
gentia. (stronger than incuria: v. NE- 
GLECT): ¢. im accusing, n. in accusando, 
Cic.: a neatness which shuns rustic and 
rude c., munditia quae fugiat agrestem 
et inbumanam n., Cic. 3. séciiritas 
(i.e. freedom from concern or appre- 
hension) : Quint.: Tac. 
caress (v.): 1, blandior, 4 (with 
dat.): Ov.: Plin.: v. TO COAX. a 
mulceo, permulceo; palpo or palpor, I: 
Vv. TO FONDLE. 3. osctilor, 1 (strictly 
to kiss: q.v.): they embraced, they 
c’d my enemy, inimicum meum am- 
plexabantur, osculabantur, Cic.: v. TO 
EMBRACE. 
caress (subs.): J, blandimentum 
(usu. in pl.) : women’s c.s, muliebria b., 
Tac. 2, blanditia (usu. in pl.): wo- 
men’s c.s, muliebres blanditiae, Liv. 
8, amplexus, is: v. EMBRACE. 4, 
(more usu.): expr. by part of verb: as, 
to present the neck (of @ stay) for cs, 
colla mulcenda praebere, Ov.: she re- 
Suses his c.s, *permulcentem s. palpan- 
tem (pectora, colla, etc.) aversatur: v. 
TO CARESS. To obtain a thing by ¢.s, 
eblandiri (rare): Cic.: TO WHEEDLE. 
caressing (adj.): blandus: you are 
not suficiently c., blanda es parum, Pl, 
caressingly: blandé: Cic.: Hor. 
cargo: Onus, éris, n.: thither they 
all resorted with their wares and c.s, eo 
omnes cum mercibus atque omeribus 
commeabant, Cic. Phr.: to put a ship's 
c. aboard, navem onerare, Sall.: to dis- 
charge a ship's c., navem exonerare, Pl. 
caricature (subs.): imago ficto in 
pejus vultu posita; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 
265 ; *imago ridicule in pejus detorta, 
(Plin. N. H. 35, 10, 37, speaks of ludi- 
crous pictures called grylli: these were 
probably a kind of caricatures.) 








CARICATURE CARRY AWAY 





above words occur chiefly in sense of 
coverings for couches, etc.) 

carpet (v.): Phr.: to c. a room, 
*conclave tapetis sternere. 

Carping (ad).): mordax, acis: a c. 
and envious person, m. et lividus, Hor, 

carping (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
TO CARP. 
invidus ; Vv. JEALOUS. 

carpingly : expr. by verb: as, to 
speal c., cavillor, etc. . Vv. TO CAVIL. 
_ Carriage: |. 
ing: vectura; we sent a person to pay 
Jor the c., misimus qui pro v. solveret, 
Cic.: the c. of goods, v. mercium, Paul. 
Dig. I]. A wheeled vehicle: i 
véhiciilum (most gen. term): Pl. : 
Cic. 2. rhéda (four wheeled c.): 
Caes.: Hor. 3. carpentum (a two- 
wheeled c. esp. for ladies): Liv.: Ov. 

4, pilentum (an easy c., chiefly for 

ladies; by whom it was used on festi- 


caricature (v.): vultum alicujus in 
pejus fingere, Hor. |. c. (of ‘course only 
of a caricature likeness): ef. subs, 

caricaturist: (?) gryllorum pictor: 
or expr. by verb: v. CARICATURE. 

caries: caries, ei, f.: thec.of a bone, 
c, ossis, Cels.: v. ROTTENNESS. 

Carious: Ciridsus: a c. bone, os c¢., 
Cels.: c. teeth, c. dentes, Plin. 

carman: 1, qui carrum agit, 
ducit. 2. vectiirarius: Cod. Theod.: 
Vv. WAGGONER. 

Carmelite; *carmelitanus or carme- 
ita: M. L. 

carminative (adj.): *carminati- 
vus: M.L. Phr.: c. medicines, medi- 
camenta quae inflationem discutiunt, 
Plin. 

carminative (subs.): remedium vel 
medicamentum carminativum: M. L. 

Carmine: (?) coccum: Plin.: v. 
SCARLET. 



















carnage: caedes, striges: v.| val days): Liv.: Virg. 5, carriica 
SLAUGHTER. (four wheeled travelling c.): Suet.: 
carnal: |. Appertaining to the | Plin. 6, pétorritum (a four-wheeled 


c., of Gallic origin): Cic. Wh. Zhe 
cost of conveying: vectira (=pretium 
vecturae): Pl.: Sen. IV. Gesture, 
mien (q. v.): incessus, hibitus, gestus. 

carrlage-maker: _1. rhédarius: 
Capitol. 2. carpentarius artifex : 
Lampr.: also simply, carpentarius : 
Tarrunt. Dig. 

carrier: 1, gériilus: Suet.: Hor.: 
V. PORTER. 2. vector: there ought 
always to be more strength in the c. 
than in the burtihen, debet semper plus 
esse virilum in vectore quam in onere, 
Sen. : the c. of Silenus, Sileni v., Ov. 

8, portitor: Claud.: Cod. Just. 

Carrion: morticina caro: Sen. 

carrot: 1, carota: Apic. 2. 
pastinaca: Plin. 8, *daucus carota: 
Linn. 

carry: To bear, convey (lit. and 
fig.) : 1, féro, tili, latum, 3: he was 
c’d in a closed litter, operta lectica 
latus est, Cic.: he ordered the standards 
to be c.’d, signa ferri jussit, Caes.: toc. 
@ corpse (to the grave), cadaver ferre, 
Hor. : prov. ‘‘to c. coals to Newcastle,” 
ligna in silvam f., Hor. 2. porto, 1 
(esp. of heavier things) - to c. burthens, 
onera p., Caes.: to c. bread on one’s 
shoulders, panem humeris p., Hor. 
they c.d the joyful news to ther 
wives and children, ad conjuges liber- 
osque laetum nuntium portabant, Liv. 

vého, vexi, vectum, 3 (esp. 

of conveying passengers or goods): a 
bull cd Europa, taurus vexit Europam, 
Cic.: to c. a basket of bread on one’s 
shoulder, reticulum panis humero v., 
Hor. 4, géro, 3: Vv. TO BEAR. 5. 
gesto, r (c. about): he cut off the head 
and ordered it to be ¢.d about fixed on a 


flesh: esp. of sensuality: expr. by gen. 
of corpus : c. pleasure, corporis voluptas, 
Cic.- v. SENSUAL, BODILY. \]. Theol. 
t. t. carnalis, e: Tert. 

Carnality : v.sensuaity. In theol. 
sense, carnalitas: Aug. 

carnally; esp. in phr. to know c.: 
Ineo; v. InTERCOURSE. In theol. sense, 


carnaliter: ‘Tert. 

carnation: |, Flesh colour: color 
carnis: Plin. I]. 4 ower: *dianthus 
caryophyllus: Linn. 

Carnival: *fériae ante quadragesi- 
mam. In a looser sense, Saturnalia, n. 
plu., may perhaps be used. 

Carnivorous; carnivérus: Plin. 

carob: 1, siliqua: Plin. 2. 
Siliqua Graeca: Col. 

carol (subs.): cantus: v. SONG. A 
Christmas c., hymnus de Christi natu. 

carol (v.): canto, cantillo: v. To 
SING. 

carotid arteries: *artériae caro- 
tides: M. L. 


carousal, carouse: 1, comis- 
satio: Cic.: Liv.: v. REVEL. 2. po- 
tatio: a dinner, a c., or @ supper, pran- 
dium, p., coena, Pl.: yawning from 
yesterday's c., hesterna p. oscitantes, 
Cic. ap. Quint. : v. DRINKING. 

carouse (v.): 1, cdmissor, 1: 
Ter.: Liv.: Hor. 2. poto, potavi, 
potatum and potum, 1- they were c.ing 
all day long, totos dies potabatur, Cic. : 
V. TO DRINK. Sometimes, from the con- 
text, bibo may suffice: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 
37, I, nune est bibendum, “now must 
wee.” 3, perbacchor, 1: toc. during 
many days, multos dies p., Cic.: Claud. 

carouser: cOmissator: Ter.: Cic.: 
V. REVELLER. 


carousing (adj.): cdmissabundus | pike, caput abscidit, idque affixum ges- 
(riotously): Liv. tari jussit in pilo, Cic.: I have c.’d the 
carp at: 1, carpo, carpsi, carp- | boy in my hands, puerum in manibus 


tum, 3° Sabinus was c.’d at in the con- 
versations of the soldiers, Sabinus mili- 
tum vocibus carpebatur, Caes.: Liv. 
Q. vellico, 1 (lit. to peck at): Cic.: 

Hor.: v.TO CENSURE, CAVIL. 8, mor- 
deo, mOmordi, morsum, 2: to be c.'d at 
by the tooth of jealousy, invido dente 
morderi, Hor. 

Carp (subs.) : cyprinus, Plin. 

carpenter: 1, faber; with a 
qualifying word: as, f. tignarius, Cic. ; 
f. lignarius, Pall.; f. materiarius, Inscr. 
(these specific words are also sometimes 
used as substantives). 2. structor : 
Cic.: Vv. BUILDER. 3, naupégus, 
nanpégiarius (ship’s c.): v. ship-builder. 
(N.B.—Not carpentarius, which is a 
coach-maler.) 

carpentry: i.e. the craft: if 
matériatira fabrilis: Vitr. 2. ma- 
tériaria fabrica: Plin. 

Carper: V. CAVILLER. 

carpet (subs.): 1. stragilum : 

e@ gen. term for all kinds of coverlets 
(a. v.): Varr.: Cic. 2. tipes, étis, 
m,.: tapété, is, n.: pl. tapéta: used of 
worked tapestry (q. v.) of all kinds: 
Virg.: Plin. (N.B.—The rooms of the 
ancients were uncarpeted; and the 


gestavi meis, Ter. 6. bajiilo, 1 (of 
porters: rare): I will c. the load, ego 
bajulabo, Pl.: Phaedr. Phr.: ¢0 c. 
a law, legem perferre, Cic.: to c. one’s 
point, pervincere ut, Liv.: to c.a town 
by storm, oppidum expugnare o7 vi 
capere, Caes.: the engines c. a missile 
across the river, *tormenta tela trans 
flumen projiciunt: to c. to an account, 
in rationes referre, Cic. 

— away: 1, auféro, abstiili, 
ablatum, 3: he used to c. away many 
things to his own house, multa domum 
suam auferebat, Cic.: I am c.'d away 
against the cliffs, auferor in scopulos, 
Ov. Fig.: I exhort you not to allow 
the advice of others toc. you away, te 
hortor ne te auferant aliorum consilia, 
Cie. 2, efféro, 3 (only in pass. and 
fig.): to be c.’d away by zeal, by desire, 
studio, cupiditate efferri, Cic. 3. as- 
porto, 1: to c. away an image, simu- 
lacrum as., Cic.: Liv. 4, avého, 3: 
to c. away anyone from his native coun- 
try, aliquem a patria av., Pl.: they c/d 
away the corn in ships, frumentum na- 
vibus avexerunt, Cues. 5, Evého, 3 
(fig.): cd away by unfounded hope, spe 
vana evectus, Liv. 6, prového, 3 


Phr.: fond of c., mordax, | 


The act of carry- | 





CARRY OUT 


(fig.) : I feel that Ihave been c.’d further 
than the proposed plan required, sentio 
me esse longius provectum quam pro- 


| posita ratio postularet, Cic.: Livy, 


raplo, rapli, raptum, 3 (fig.): blind 


| destre for plunder and rapine c’d you 


auay, praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas 

caeca te Tapiebat, Cic.: by the opinions 

of the mob we are c.’d away into error, 

oon vulgi rapimur in errorem, 
ic. 

carry along (of buildings, etc.): 1, 
dico, duxi, ductum, 3; toc. a wall along 
through a vestibule, parietem per ves- 
tibulum d., Cic.: to c. along a trench, 
fossam d., Caes. 2. perdiico, 3 (of 
reaching a certain limit): he c.s a wall 
almg from Lake Lemanus to Mount 
Jura, a lacu Lemanno ad montem Juram 
murum perducit, Caes. 3. ago, égi, 
actum, 3 (rare): the main sewer had to 
be c.’d along under ground, cloaca maxi- 
ma sub terram agenda erat, Liv. 

— back: ], référo, 3: c. the 
vessels back to the house, vasa domum 
refer, Pl.: the ships were c.’d back to the 
same place, naves eodem referebantur, 
Caes. 2. réporto, 1: to c. back the 
gold, aurum r., Pl.: to c. back an army 
in ships, exercitum navibus r., Caes. 

3, révého, 3: to c. back the booty, 
praedam r., Liv.: Hor. 4. régéro, 
gessi, gestum, 3 (rare): Liv.: Ov. 

— off: |. To take away forci- 
bly: 1, féro, 3: he saw the property 
of his allies c.’d and driven off, res socio- 
rum ferri agique vidit, Liv.: the fates 
have c.’d you off, te fata tulerunt, Virg. 

2, aufero, 3- swift death c.’d off 
illustitous Achilles, absvulit clarum cita 
mors Achillem, Hor. : their children are 
c’d off to serve elsewhere, liberi alibi 
servituri auferuntur, Tac. 8. inter- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 : v. TO CUT OFF. 

4, rapio, 3: to c. of maidens, vir- 
gines r., Liv.: Hor.: v. to RavisH. 5, 
praeripio, 3 (to c. off first, before some- 
one else): why did you come hither to c. 
off my betrothed ? quid huc venisti 
sponsam praereptum meam? PI.: to c. 
of the arms of Minerva, arma Minervae 
p-, Ov.: Luer. 6, traho, traxi, trac- 
tum, 3: toc. off spoils from anyone, de 
aliquo spolia t., Cic.: toc. off booty from 
the fields, praedum ex agris tr., Liv. 

. To gain (in a contest): rb 
féro, 3: toc. off the victory, palmam f., 
Cic.: to c.off a victory from an unarmed 
man, Victoriam ex inermi f., Liv. > 
auféro, 3: toc. off a reward, praemium 
auf., Suet. 8. déporto, 1: toc.off a 
triumph, triumphum 4., Cic. 4, re- 
porto, 1: toc. off nothing except renown 
from either foes or allies, nihil praeter 
taudem eX Lustibus reportare, Cic. §, 
tollo, 3: Virg. 

—on: 1, exerceo, 2: toc. ona 
trial, judicium ex., Cic.: to c. on an in- 
vestigation about an assassination, 
quaestionem inter sicarios ex.,Cic. 2, 
facio, féci, factum, 3: to c. on the busi- 
ness of a banker, argentariam f., Cic. 

8. géro, gessi, gestum, 3 (esp. of pub- 
lic business): to c. on and manage pub- 
lic affairs, rem publicam g. et adminis- 
trare, Cic.: to c. on an undertaking, 
susceptum negotium g., Cic.: to c. on 
war, bellum g., Caes.: Cic. Phr.: to 
c. m war in concert, bellum conjungere, 
Cic. 

— out: |. Zo convey out: i te 
efféro, 3 (esp. to carry out for burial): 
Pl. : Cic.: toc. out provisions from home, 
cibaria domo ef., Caes.- he ordered the 
standards to be c.’d out of the camp, 
vexilla efferri e castris jussit, Liv. f 
exporto, 1: fo c. the bodies of the dead 
out of the houses, corpora luce carentum 
tectis ex., Virg.: Caes. 3. égéro, 3: 
to c. the booty out of the houses, praedam 
ex tectis eg., Liv. 4, évtho, 3: the 
Statues were c.’d out of the temples in 
waggons, Signa ex fanis plaustris evecta 
sunt, Cic.: to c. ships out into the open 
sea, naves in altum ev., Liv. Il. Zo 
perform fully: exséquor, séciitus, 3: 
to c. out one's undertakings, incepta ex, 
Liv.: v. TO ACCOMPLISH, EFFECT. 

109 


CARRY OVER 


CASHIER 





Carry over: transféro, 3: u statue of 
Diana c.’d over to Carthage, simulacrum 





Carving: caelatiira (either the art, 
or the carved object). Quint.; Suet.: 


Dianae translatum Carthaginem, Cic. : | v. RELIEF. 


the system is thought to have been in- 
vented in Britain and thence c.’d over 
into Gaul, disciplina in Britannia re- 
perta atque inde in Galliam translata 
esse existimatur, Caes.: v. TO TRANSFER. 

— round: 1, circumféro, 3. 
come, c. round the wine, age, circumfer 
mulsum, Pl.: to c. an infant round 
through the temples, infantem per tem- 
pla c., Suet. 9. circumgesto, 1: tov. 
round a letter, epistolam c., Cic. 

— through: perféro, 3: hec.’d the 
law through, i.e. succeeded in passing 
it, legem pertulit, Liv.: toc. through an 
action at law, actionem p., Paul. Dig. 

cart (subs.) : plaustrum: plostellum : 
Vv. WAGGON. Phr.: to put the c. before 
the horse, praeposteris uti consiliis, Cic. 

cart (v.): plaustro véhére: v. TO 
CARRY. 

cartage: vectura: v. CARRIAGE. 

Cart-grease; axungia: Plin.: v. 
GREASr. 

cart-horse: jimentum (gen. term 
for beast of burden): Caes.: (?) Equus 
plaustrarius (cf. p. asini, Cato). 

cart-load : véhes, is, /.: Plin.: Col. 

cart-wright: plaustrarius: Lampr. 

cartel : originally the piece of paper 
or card on which a communication was 
sent (tabula, tabella)- hence, the com- 
munication itself: (1) respecting ex- 
change of prisoners: pactio de captivis 
permutandis: v. AGREEMENT: (2) of a 
challenge : (?) epistola provocatoria: v. 
TO CHALLENGE. 

carter ; plaustrarius: Ulp. 

: cartilage : cartilago, inis, f.: Cels. : 
lin. 

cartilaginous: 1. cartilaginéus: 

lin. 9, cartilaginosus : Cels.: Plin. 

cartoon: *picturae adumbratio in 
charta spissiore facta: v. SKETCH. 

cartouche: |. 4 cartridge-box : 
q. Vv. |]. An architectural ornament : 

Nemehelixs icis.7-:) Mitre 2. vo- 

luta: Vitr. 

cartridge: *embolus (Kr. and 
Georg.): as ¢. term. 

cartridge-box : *embolorum pyxis: 
Vv. supr. 

carve: |. Zo cut artistically : 

1, caelo, 1 (chiefly of work in 
metal, esp. gold or silver: and always 
of designs on the surface: Vv. TO CHASE, 
EMBOss) : the brave deeds of their fathers 
c.d on gold, caelata in auro fortia tacta 
patrum, Virg.: c.d work, caelatum opus, 
Virg. 2. sculpo, sculpsi, sculptum, 
3 (of carving an entire work ; not merely 
the surface): a wise man is not ¢.d out 
of stone nor hewn out of oalc, sapiens 
non est e saxo sculptus aut e robore 
dolatus, Cic.: he c.d snow-white ivory 
with wonderful skill, niveum mira arte 
sculpsit ebur, Ov. 3, exsculpo, 3 (to 
carve out): I had c.d out of an oal 
something which seemed like a vesem- 
blance, e quercu exsculpseram quod 
videretur simile simulacri, Cic. 4. 
insculpo, 3 (toc. im or upon): lots cd 
upon oak, sortes in robore insculptae, 
Cic.: to c. the amount of one's patrimony 
upon a stone, summam patrimoni in. 
saxo, Hor. 5, scalpo, 3: i.e. to en- 
grave: q. Vv. 6, incido, cidi, cisum, 
3: V. TO ENGRAVE: toc. one’s loves on 
trees, amores arboribus in., Virg. Il. 
To cut up food for distribution : iG 
seco, Avi and ti, 4tum and ctum,1: to 
c. viands with propriety, altilia decen- 
ter s.,Sen. Ep.47,5: Juv. 9. scindo, 
scidi, scissum, 3: to c. viands, obso- 
nium s., Sen.: to c. birds, aves s., Sen. 

3. carpo, E3i, ptum, 3 (prop. to take 
with the fingers): Petr. 
clever at c.ing, certis ductibus circum- 
ferens erudit-m manum in frusta ex- 
cutere, Sen. l. c. 

carver : |. An artist who carves : 

], caelator: Cic.: Juv. Q, scalp- 
tor: Vell.: Plin. Il. A cutter up of 
meat : 1, carptor: Juv. 9. scis- 
sor: Petr. 
structoris ferrum, Mart.: Juv. 

110 


Phr.: to be | 


3. structor: the c.’s knife, | 





carving-knife : cultellus: Juv. 

caryatides: ciryatides, f. plu. : Vitr. 

cascade: déjectus, Us: v. WATER- 
FALL. (More precisely, perh. aquae de- 
jectus multis saltibus per saxa factus.) 

case (swbs.) = covering, sheath: q. Vv. 

1, invélacrum: Cic.: Plin. D). 

théca: when the razor is safe in its 
curved case, fuerit curva cum tuta nova- 
cula theca, Mart.: Cic. 

case (subs.) : |. State, condition, 
circumstances : q. V- WRTES enel as 
if the c. shall require it, si res postula- 
bit, Cic.: the c. is this, ita res se habet, 
Cic.: considering the circumstances of 
the case, pro re nata, Cic. 9. causa 
(chiefly in certain phr.: v. examples) : 
sometimes it is the duty of a man to 
commit suicide, while of another, in the 
same case, it is not, nonnunquam mor- 
tem sibi ipse consciscere aliquis debet, 
alius in eadem causa non debet, Cic.- 
am the same c. were the Usipetes, in 
eadem c. fuerunt Usipetes, Caes.: to 
be in better (more desirable) c., in 
meliore c. esse, Cic. 3, casus, ts (lit. 
achance: hence esp. @ contingent c.): 
to make preparations for every contin- 
gent c., ad omnes c. subsidia comparare, 
Caes.: Cic. 4. tempus, oris, n. (esp. 
a particular c., or crists; q.v.): Caesar 
accuses the Aedui of not assisting him 
in so urgent a c.,C. Aeduos incusat quod 
tam necessario t. ab iis non sublevetur, 
Caes.: c.s often happen when. ete, t. 
saepe incidunt quum, etc., Cic. 53, 
Very often expressed by a _ neuter 
adjective or pronoun, or left to be un- 
derstood: as, since such is the c., quae 
cum ita sint, Cic.: the c. is as you say, 
sunt ista, Cic.: and yet the c. is so, at- 
qui sic habet, Hor.: Juas afraid that 
the c. which has occurred might befal 
timebam ne evenirent ea quae accide- 
runt, Cic.: c.s often occur in which 
debtors do not meet their engage- 
ments punctually, fit saepe ut il qui 
debent non respondeant ad tempus, Cic. : 
the same c. has not happened to me as 
you write has befallen you, non venit 
idem usu mihi quod tu tibi scribis, Cic. 
Phr.: his c. is dangerous (of a sick per- 
son), periculose aegrotat, Cic.: were my 
c. yours you would think differently, 
tu si hic sis, aliter censeas, ‘Ter.: im- 
partial law has always been striven 
after; for in any other c. it would not 
be law, jus semper est quaesitum aequa- 
bile ; neque enim aliter esset jus, Cic. : 


Jear is embarrassing in both c.s, pavor 


est utrobique molestus, Hor.: im case: 
V. IF, SUPPOSING. I]. 4 statement of 


facts, a point submitted for decision or 


opinion : 1, quaestio: to state a c., 
q. ponere, Cic.: a c. of conscience, *q. 
ad conscientiam perlinens- y.CASUISTRY, 
9. propositio (legal): Afric. Dig. 
Ill. In law: causa: v. LAwsulIrT. 
IV. The inflection of a noun: ca- 
sus, ls: the nominative c., c. rectus, 
Cic.: the oblique c.s, c. obliqui, Quint. 
case (v.): tégo, inclido: v. TO co- 
VER, ENCLOSE. 
case-harden:; *extrinsecus dirare: 
Vv. TO HARDEN. 
casemate: (?) cella tormentaria (Kr.) 
casement: fénestra mobilis, or 
simply, fenestra: perhaps, fénestrella : 
Col.: or fénestrila: Apul. 
cash (subs.) 1, nimératum: J had 
no c., numeratum non habebam, Cic.: 
Liv.: Hor. 2. numérata pecunia: 
Cic.: Mart. 8, praesens pecunia: to 
deal for c., praesenti p. mercan, PI. : 
everything will be sold for c., omnia ve- 
nibunt praesenti p., Pl.: Cic. 4, nu- 
mus (nummus): in pl.: virtue after c., 
virtus post nummos, Hor.: v. MONEY. 
cash (v.): pecunia numerata solvere 
or pendere: to c. a bill, nomen prae- 
senti pecunia solvere (cf. Cic. Att. 6, 2). 
cash-book: cOdex accepti et ex- 
pensi, Cic.: v. ACCOUNT-BOOK. 
cashier (swbs.): *scriba (procura- 
tor ?) numularius, pecuniarius. 








CAST UPON 





cashier (.): 1, exauctoro, : 
Caesar c.d the centurion and even ba- 
nished him (for adultery), Caesar (i.e. 
‘Trajanus) centurionem exauctoravit, at- 
que etiam relegavit, Plin. Ep.: ‘l'ac.: 
Suet. (But the verb is also used in the 
sense of to discharge a soldier who has 
served his time: q. v.) 2. cum igno- 
minia dimitto, misi, missum, 3 (stronger 
than 1): he c.d the whole of the tenth 
legion, decimam legionem cum igno- 
minia totam dimisit, Suet. 

casino: perh. conventicilum: cf 
Tac. A. 14, 15. 

cask: cipa: Caes.: Cic.: Vv. BARREL, 
TUB. 


casket: 1, arciila: Cic.: a c.- 
maker, arciilarius, Pl. 2. pyxis, idis, 
f.: V. BOX. 


Ccasque: cassis: V. HELMET. 

Cassia: Cisia or cassia: Plin. 

cassock: *tunica clericorum. 

cassowary: *casuarius: M. L, 

cast (v.): |. Lit.: jacio, con- 
jicio; jacto, mitto: v.roTHROW. Phr.- 
to c. anchor, ancoras jacere, Caes.: to c. 
aman into prison, aliquem in carcerem 
conjicere, Cic.: to c. those overpowered 
with wine into a deep sleep, vino onera- 
tos sopire, Liv.: lots had been c. to de- 
cide this, dejecta in id sors erat, Liv. (v. 
LoT): to c. a play, *fabulae partes in 
singulos histriones (actores) distribuere : 
to c.a nativity, fata per genituram in- 
terpretari (cf. Amm. 29,1, 5): Vv. HO- 
ROSCOPE: the eyes of all the jurymen 
vere c. upon Oppianicus, oculi omnium 
judicum in Oppianicum conjiciebantur, 
Cic.: toc. one’s eyes (covetously) upon a 
thing, rei oculos adjicere, Cic.: a cing 
vote, quae ad cumulum accedit sententia, 
Cic. Cl. 27, 74. I]. To suffer to fall 
off : exuo, ti, itum, 3: serpents c. their 
old skin, angues vernationem ex., Plin. 
(also vernant, Plin.): v. TO SHED. — [I]. 
To condemn (q. v.): damno, 1: C. Lici- 
ntus Stolo was c. by M. Popillius Laenas 
in 10,000 asses, C. L. Stolo a M., P. 
Luaenate decem milibus aeris est damna- 


tus, Liv. Phr.: to be c. in a suit, 
causa cadere, Cic.: v. TO FAIL, |VY, To 
JjJorm out of molten metal : 1, flo, 


1: the oldest bronze money was c., aes 
antiquissimum est flatum, Varr.: Gell. 

2. fundo, tadi, fusum, 3 (more usu.) : 
to c. the limbs o7 a statue, statuae mem- 
bra f., Quint.: Hor.: v. TO FOUND. 

— down: 1, déjicio, jéci, jec- 
tum, 3: to c. down one’s eyes upon the 
ground, oculos in terram d., Virg. : 
Quint. Fig.: they were c. down from 
that hope, ea spe dejecti sunt, Caes. 

2. affligo, flixi, flictum, 3 (fig. : 
stronger than dejicio): to c. down and 
weaken ones spirits by fear, animos af. 
et debilitare metu, Cic, 

— off: 1, amdveo, movi, motum. 
2 (fig.): c. off your sloth, segnitiem 
amove, Pl.: fear being c. off, amoto 
metu, Ter. 2. exuo, ui, itum, 3 (v. 
TO STRIP OFF): to c. off the yoke, jugum 
ex., Liv. Fig.: to c. off one’s i 
patriam ex., Tac. 3, pono, 3: Vv. To 
LAY ASIDE. 

— out: 1. @jicio, jéci, jectum, 3. 
it was a great thing to c. me out (drive 
me into exile), e. nos magnum fuit, Cic. : 
V.TO EXPEL. Q, expello, pili, pulsum, 
3: V. TO DRIVE OUT, BANISH. 3. ex- 
spio, iii, itum, 3 (to vomit forth): what 
sea c. you out from its foaming waves ? 
quod mare te spumantibus exspuit 
undis ? Cat. 

— up (of accounts): subdiico. 
duxi, ductum, 3: to c. up the total 
summam s., Cic. Att. 5, 21. 

— upon: |. Lit.: chiefly in 
pass.; as, to be c. upon an island, in 
insulam depelli, dejici, deferri (v. Tc 
DRIFT). {l. Fig.: esp. of blame, im. 
putation: 1, aspergo, spersi, spersuim. 
3: by your praise you c. a reflection 
upon a most distinguished man, claris- 
simo viro nonnullam laudatione tua labe- 
culam aspergis, Cic. 2. conjicio, 3 
toc. blame upon the one watchful per- 
son, culpam in unum vigilem c., Liv.- 


| Cic. 3. conféro, tili, latum, 3: fo 


4 





CAST 





¢. blame upon the mob, culpam in multi- 


tudinem c., Caes.: v. BLAME. 

cast (subs.) : |. The act of throw- 
tng: jactus, is: Cic.: v. THROW. Il. 
The distance that a thing is thrown - 
Jactus, is: within a missile’s c., intra 
teli jactum, Virg. 
dice: jactus: Liv.: Ov. |Y, A tinge: 
Phr.: a pearl that has a c. of brown, 
Margarita suffuseca, T'ac.: a tragic cast 
(of style), tragicus color, Hor. YY, An 
oblique turn in the eye: Phr.: to have 
@ c. in the eyes, perversis oculis esse, 
Cic.: a man that has ac. in the eye, 
paetus, Hor. Vi. Anything cast in 
metal, plaster, etc. : 1, typus: Cic.: 
Plin. 2. aes, aeris, n. (of bronze casts) : 
Hor.: Plin. Phr.: to forma wax c.tn 
a mould of plaster of Paris, ceram in 
formam gypsi infundere, Plin. Vil. 
The distribution of parts in a play: 
*fabulae partium in singulos actores 
distributio. 

Ccastanet: l.crétalum:Cic. Q, 
@) crusma, atis, n.: Mart. 6, 71. 

castaway: perditus: v. outcast, 
RUINED. 

caste: ordo, inis, m. (used by Bopp 
to denote caste: Gloss. Sans.)- more 
precisely, ordo hominum qui semper 
eundem vitae statum tenent quem patres 
tenebant. 

castellan: *castellanus: M.L.; arci 
or castello praefectus. 

castellated: turritus: c. walls, t. 
muri, Ov.: c. ships, t. puppes, Virg. 


caster: |. A thrower: jacilator ; 
Liv.: Hor. |. A caster of metals : 
1, flator: Pomp. Dig. 2. flata- 


rarius: Cod. Theod. Ill. Of nativi- 
ties: L.astrélégus: Cic.: Suet. 
fatorum per genituras interpres: Amm. 
IV. A small metal wheel: *ritiila 
aenea, 
castigate: castigo, 1: Cic.: Virg.. 
V. TO CHASTISE, PUNISH. 
castigation: castigatio: Cic.. Liv. : 
(or expr. by verb: v. TO CHASTISE). 
castigator: castigator: Liv.: Hor. 
casting (suls.): 1, conjectus, iis: 
ac. of the eyes upon any one, oculorum 
conjectus, Cic. 2, fiisura (of metals): 
Plin. 8, flattira (— No. 2): the c. 
of bronze, aeris f., Vitr. 
casting-net : 1, funda: Virg. 
2, reté jaciilum: Pl.: or simply, 
jacilum: Ov. 


castle: 14, castellum: Caes.: Cic. 
Phr.: the defenders or garrison of a 


castle, castellani, Liv. Q, turris, is, f. 
(as the residence of a prince, etc.): the 
huts of the poor, and the c.s of kings, 
pauperum tabernae, regumque turres, 
Hor.: aroyal c., turris regia,Ov. Phr.; 
he builds c.s in the air, hic vigilans som- 
niat, Pl. 

castor: Vv. BEAVER. 

castor-oil plant: 1. cici, indecl. 
m.: Cels.: Plin. croton: Plin. 

3. ricinus: Plin. (r. communis, 

Linn.). 

castor-oil: cicinum oleum: Plin. 

castrate: ], castro, 1: Varr.: 
Suet. 2, exséco, 1: Cic.: Mart. 3, 
séco, ili, sectum, 1: Mart. 


castrated (adj.): 1, castratus: 


Cic.: Plin. Q, semimas, miris: Varr. : 
Ov. : v. EUNUCH. 
castration: 1, castratio: Col. 


Q. castratira: Pall. 
casual: 1, fortititus: ac. advan- 
tage, f. bonum, Cic.: v. ACCIDENTAL. 
2, témérarius (rare): Pl. 
casually: 1, forté: whether c. 
or providentially, vel f. vel providentia, 
Vell. 9. fortiito: Caes.: Cic. oe 
téméré: Ter.: Virg.: v. By CHANCE. 
casualty: casus, fis: v. AccIDENT, 
MISFORTUNE. 
casuist: *quaestionum conscientiae 
$s. ad conscientiem pertinentium, discep- 
tator; qui quaestiones de officlis diffici- 
liores solvit, disceptat: causarum dubi- 
arum disceptator (Kr.): qui consilium 
dubitantibus de officiis dat (cf. Jer. Tay- 
lor’s “dubitantium ductor ’’), 
Casuistical: ad quaestiones consci- 
entiae dubias pertinens: V, SOPHISrICAL. 





























il. 4 throw of 





CATCH 


casuistry; doctrina de officiorum 
controversiis: Bauer ap. Kr. 


(usu. fem.) : Cic.: Ov.: a male c., feles 
mas, Plin.: or catus: Anthol.: Pall. 
Proverb: to bell the c., lupo agnum 
eripere, Pl. ||. A scourge (q. v.): fla- 
gellum. 

catachresis: 1, abisio: Cic.: 
Quint. 2. catachrésis, is, f. : Quint. 

cataclysm: citaclysmos: Varr.: 
Aug. 

catacombs: piticili, orum, or piiti- 
cilae, arum: Varr. 

catafalque; aedes aurata: 

aes. 84. 

catalectic: citalécticus: Prisc. 
wcoptalepsy : catalépsia, or catalépsis : 


Suet. 


1, catéldgus: Macr. 
2. répertodrium: Ulp. 8. index, 

icis: (?) cf. Sen. Tr. 9,4. Phr.: aue- 
tion cs, tabulae auctionariae, Cic. (= 
tabulae rerum venalium). 

catapult: catapulta: Vitr. 

cataplasm: cataplasma, itis, n.: 
Cels.: Plin. 

cataract: |. A vast waterfall : 
cataracta, citarracta, ae, f., and catar- 


catalogue: 


ractes, ae, m.: Plin.: Vitr. |, A dis- 
euse of the eye: 1, glaucoma, Atis, 
m.: Plin. 2. squama: Plin. 3% 


suffasio oculi: Cels. 

catarrh: 1, gravédo, inis, f.: 
Cic.: Cels.: subject to c., gravédinosus, 
Cic. 2. coryza: Goel. Aur. 3 
catarrhus: Marc, Emp. 

catastrophe: |. The denouement 
of a work of art: catastrépha (Gr. 
kataatpopy): Petr. |, A final event, 
esp. uf unfortunate : 1, riiina: that 
was an act of violence, and a kind of c. 
and storm, vis illa fuit, et r. quaedam 
atque tempestas, Cic.: Liv. 2. tem- 
pestas (v. preceding ex.), précella: v. 
STORM. 3, exitus, ts: a fell c., 
saevus e., Juv. (of the death of Demo- 
Sthenes): v. FATE, DISASTER. 

catch (v.) : |. Zo seize, lay hold 
of: 1, capio, cépi, captum, 3: to c. 
birds, aves c., Varr.: to c. a stag, 
cervum c., Phaedr. 2. excipio, 3 (i.e. 
to stop the flight of; encounter while 
Sleeing): toc. wild animals as they fly 
(of game beaten out), ex. feras tugi- 
entes, Phaedr.: to c. a goat by snaies, 
caprum insidiis ex., Virg. 3. capto, 
I (strictly only a frequent. of capio): to 
c. birds in @ snare, fishes with a vod, 
laqueo volucres, arundine pisces c., ‘lib. : 
to c. flies, muscas c., Suet. 4, pré- 
hendo, di, sum, 3 (prop. to lay hold of with 
the hand: hence, to detect): to be caught 
in a theft, in furto prehendi, Pl. Fig.: 
to c. any one in a lie, aliquem mendacii 
p.. Pl. 5, compréhendo, 3 (to ove: take, 
seize: q.V.): many were caught while 
fleeing, and slain, multi in fuga sunt 
comprehensi atque interfecti, Caes.: to 
c. thieves, fures c., Cat. 6, dépré- 
hendo, 3 (to overtake, surprise: q. v.): 
he was caught just as he was foi ding 
the river, in ipso fluminis vado depre- 
hensus est, Caes.: a sailor caught in the 
Grecian seas, nauta Argolico mari de- 
prehensus, Virg. Phr.: to ec. birds, 
auctipor, 1: Varr.: to c. fishes, piscor, 1: 
Vv TO FISH. I]. Zo receive (esp. that 
which is falling): 1. excipio, 3 (cf. 
supr. 2): to c. blood in a boul, san- 
guinem patera ex., Cic. 2. suscipio, 
3: to c. one’s falling mistress, do- 
minam ruentem s., Virg.: toc. blood in 
bowls, cruorem pateris s., Virg. Ill. 
To communicate with (of fire): iE 
concipio, 3: the engines of war caught 
the fame, tormenta flammam concepe- 
runt, Caes.. to c. fire, ignem c., Cic. 

2, compréhendo, 3: the fire c.s the 

trunks of the trees, ignis robora c., 
Virg.: the huts caught fire, casae ignem 
comprehenderunt, Cues. 3, rapio, 
Tapui, raptum, 3 (poet.): Achates caught 
the fire in the dry leaves, Achates rapuit 
in fumite flammam, Virg. IV. Zo 
tale (of diseases by contagion) : ik 
contraho, traxi, tractum, 3: to c. a dis- 
ease, morbum c., Plin. 2. nanciscor, 


cat: |. An animal : f€les or félis | 





Jaith, c. tides, Prud. 


CATHOLIC 





nactus, 3: he caught the disease, nactus 
est morbum, Nep. V. To ensnare 
(q. V.): capto, 1: he wishes to c. youin 
your talk, te c. vult loquentem, Cic. 
catch at: 1. arripio, ripui, re 

tum, 3: to snatch at eagerly: q. v. 5 
capto, I: thirsty Tantatus cs at the 
streams ever fleeing from his lips, Tan- 
talus a labris sitiens tngientia c. flumina, 
Hor. Fig.: to c. at upplause, plausus 
c.,Cic.: toc. at pleasure, voluptatem c., 
Cic. 3, aucipor, 1 (orig. of the art 
of the fowler): to c. ut empty fame, 
inanem au. rumorem, rumusculos au., 
Cic.: v. TO ANGLE POR. 

—— away: abripio, 3: v. to 
SNATCH AWAY. 

—— out: dépréhendo, 3: v. to 
DETECT. 

—— up: excipio, 3: nothing is 
more quickly canght up than slander, 
maledicto nihil citius excipitur, Cic.: to 
c. up reports, rumores ex., Cic. 

catch (subs.): |, Only in colloq. 
language: as, to think anything a great 
c., aliquid magni facere; omnino in 
lucro ponere, deputare: v. TO VALUE; 
GAIN, Il. Whe catch of a lock, pes- 
stilus (?): v. BOLT. Ili. A species of 
musical composition: cantus vocibus 
alternis festive compositus (?) 

catching (svbs.): 1, captiira: the 
c. of fish, c. piscium, Plin. 2, captus, 
us: Plin.: Val. Max. $8. auciipium 
(catching at: in fig. sense): a c. at 
pleasure, a. delectationis, Cic.: word 
catchings, aucupia verborum, Cic. (also 
captatio verborum, Cic.): v. CAPTURF. 

catching (@dj.): contagidsus: y. 
CONTAGIOUS. 

catchpenny: res nihili: v. worTH- 
LESS. 

catechetical: *catéchéticus: M. L. 

catechetically : per catéchésin ; (or 
“per interrogandi ae respondendi vi- 
ces,” Kr.). 


catechiser: catéchista, ae, m.. 


ler, 
catechism: 1, (religious): cate- 
chismus: Aug. 2. (general): *li- 


bellus in quo res edocentur per vices in- 
terrogandi ac respondendi. 

catechist; catéchista, ae, m.: Hier. 

catechize;: citéchizo, 1- ert. ; the 
tech. term with ref. to Christian doc- 
trine): Vv. TO INTERROGATE. 

catechu: *terra Japonica: M. L. 

catechumen: catéchiménus (Gr. 
kaTnxoumevos): Tert.: jem. citéchii- 
ména: Aug. 

categorical : 1. catégoricus - 
Sidon. 2. praedicatiirus: a c. pro- 
position, p. propositio, Apul.: a@ c. syllo- 
gism, p. syllogismus, Mart. Cap.: v 
ABSOLUTE, POSITIVE. 

categorically ; *citégirice: M. L. 
V. DIRECTLY, ABSOLUTELY. 

category: |. Logical- 1, caté 
goria: thec.s of Aristotle, c. Aristotelicae, 
Isid. 2. *praedicamentum: M. L. 

|. Colloquially: mtimérus: im the 

c. of invalids, numero aegrorum, Auct. 
B. Alex.: Hor. 


cater: 1, obséno or obsdnor, 1 
PL =) Ler, 2. cibum ov cibos suppedi- 
tare: Cic. 


caterer: obsonator: Pl.: Sen. 

caterpillar: ériica: Plin.: Col. 

caterwauling: ililatus (of any 
yelling, hou ting noize): ¥. HOWL. (More 
precisely, ululatus acutus atque discors 
qualis felium est.) 

cates: ciipédia, orum; -ae, arum: 
V. DAINTIES. 

catgut; chorda. Cic.: Ov.: ¥. STRING. 

cathartic (adj.): purgativus: Coe. 
Aur. Vv. APERIENT. 
cathartic (subs.): 

ert. 

cathecral: *aedes s. ecclésia cathe- 
dralis: M. L.: v. CHURCH. 

catheter: c&théter, Gris, m.: Coel. 
Aur. 

catholic (adj.): cAthdlicus- the «. 
Phr.: the Roman 
c. doctrine, doctrina ecclesiae Romanae. 

catholic (subs.): *dogmatum eccie 
siae Romanae sectator. 


catharticum : 


tii 


CATHOLICISM 


CAUTIOUS 


CAVITY 


a 


catholicism: perhaps only in phr. 
Romon-c., *4octrina s. dogmata Roraanae 
ecclesiae. 
catkin: itlus: Plin. 
cat’s-eye (astone): 1, astéria(?): 
Piin. 9. Beli dcilus: Plin. 
cattle: |. Animals of the bovine 
genus: 1, béves, boum, c.: untended 
c., incustoditae b., Ov.: stolen c., b. 
abactae,Ov.: Cic. 2, babiilum pecus: 
Varr. 3, armenta, orum: Varr.: 
Cic. jj. In a wider sense, including 
sheep, horses, etc., as well as oxen: 
1. pécus, dris, n. (collective subs.) : 
they drove away the c., pecus abegerunt, 
Cic.: stolen ¢., pecora avacta, Liv.: a 
master of c., pecorum magister, Co1.: 
bristly c., i. e. swine, setigerum p., Ov. 
9, pécu, n. (rare): Lucr.: Livy. 
8, pecus, idis, f. (a single animal: 
chiefly of sheep): c. follow the flocks of 
their own kind, pecudes sui generis 
sequuntur greges, Cic.: Lucr. Phr.: 
herds of c., pécuarii greges, Varr.; pe- 
cuaria, orum, Virg.: @ c. breeder, pecu- 
arius, Cic.: c. breeding, pecuaria (sc. 
res), Varr.: c. doctors, vétérinarii, Col. 
(also, pecorum medici, Varr.): @ c. 
market, forum bdarium, Liv.: Ov.: a 
c. stealer, abactor, Apul. Il. As a 
term of reproach: v. BRUTE. 
caudle: sorbitio (applicable to any 
broth-like fluid): Cels.: or perbaps, sor- 
bitio ex vino. 
caul; |. A membrane in the ab- 
domen: Smentum: Plin.: Cels. ll. 
A membrane sometimes found on the 
heads of new-born infants: piléus: 
Lampr. 
cauliflower: *brassica oleracea bo- 
tryitis: M. L 
causal: causalis, e: Aug.: ¢. con- 
junctions, causales conjunctiones, Charis. 
causality : metaph. ¢. ¢.: may usu. 
be expr. by causa: as, the notion of c., 
*causarum efficientium notio. 
causation: effectio: Cic. Acad. 1, 
2, 6. 
causative: efficiens, entis: Cic. ib. 
cause (subs.) : |. That which pro- 
duces an effect: 1, causa: a c. is 
that which produces that of which it is 
the c., c. ea est quae id efficit cujus est 
c., Cic.: an efficient c., c. efficiens, Cic. : 
a final c¢., c. finalis, M.L. 2, matéries 
or matéria (material: q.v.): the c. of 
all evils, materies omnium malorum, 
Sall.: to give c. for envy, materiam in- 
vidiae dare, Cic. Phr.: Tiebonius 
seemed to be the c. of their not getting 
ssession of the town, stetisse per Tre- 
nium quominus oppido potirentur, 
videbatur, Caes.: he has given you no 
e. to be angry, nihil fecit quod suc- 
censeas, Ter.: I will give him c. to 
remember me as long as he lives, faciam 
ot mei semper meminerit, Pl.: J hear 
that you accuse us all without c., te 
omnes nos accusare audio immerito, 
Ter.: Milo is shocked at this, and not 
without c., hoc horret Milo, neque in- 
juria, Cic.: v. REASON, ACCOUNT. Il. 
A subject of litigation; a legal suit: 
1, causa: to decide a c. in one’s 
favour, causam alicui adjudicare, Cic. : 
to abandon a c. (of an advocate), c. afflig- 
ere, Cic.: private c.s, c. privatae, Cic. : 
public c.s,¢. publicae, Cic.: ac. affecting 
life or reputation, capitis aut famae c., 
Cic.: to lose a c., causam perdere, or 
causa cadere, Cic.: to plead a c.,causam 
dicere, Caes.: Liv.: @ petty or unim- 
portant c., causiila, Cic. Q. rés, réi, 
f.; to speak about c.s already investi- 
gated and decided, de rebus cognitis 
judicatisqne dicere, Cic.: Ulp. Ry 
sacramentum (rare; and orig. denoting 
the deposit made by litigants): the de- 
cemvirs adjudged our c. to be just, 
decemviri s. nostrum justum judicave- 
runt, Cic.: v. SUIT, ACTION. HI]. Side, 
party, object: causa: that he might not 
seem to condemn that c. to which he had 
attached himself, he came to the camp, 
ne condemnare ec. illam quam secutus 
esset, videretur, ad castra venit, Cic.: 
r zeal in the c. was less active, lan- 
guidiore studio in causa fuistis, Cic. : 
112 












the c. of the conquerors found favour 
with the gods, that of the conquered with 
Cato, victrix c. deis placuit, sed victa 
Catoni, Lucan. Phr.: to be active in 
the c. of the oppressed, *circumventos 
acriter defendere: we will one and all 
take up arms in our country’s c., *pro 
patria arma capiemus universi. 
cause (v.): 1, facio, féci, factum, 
3 (foll. by ut, when the object is a 
sentence): I will c. him to remember the 
day, faciam ut ejus diei meminerit, Pl.. 
to c. delay, moram f., Cic.: poet. with 
infin.: you have c.d me to behold the 
death of my son with my own eyes, nati 
coram me cernere letum fecisti, Virg. : 
to c. any one's destruction, perniciem 
alicui f., Tac. 9. efficio, féci, fectum, 
3 (constr. same as facio: also sometimes 
foll. by ne): this c.d tt to be possible for 
provisions to be brought to hum, quae res 
commeatus ut ad eum portari possent 
efticiebat, Caes.: Cic.: with inf.: to c. 
things to unite, res coire eff., Vitr.: v. 
TO BRING ABOUT. 3. cro, 1 (of that 
which any one orders or secures the 
doing of: with acc. of gerund or ge- 
tundive): he c.s a bridge to be made 
over the Arar, pontem in Arari faciundum 
curat, Caes.: Cic. 4, créo, 1 (to make, 
produce: q. v.): to c. griefs, aerumnas 
c., Pl.: to c. luxury, luxuriam c., Cic. 
5, moveo: v. TO EXCITE. _ 6, cieo, 
civi, citum, 2 (¢o stir up, excite): toc. 
motions, motus ¢., Cic.: Plin. v( 
concieo, 2 (stronger than the simple 
verb): to c. the tide, aestum c., Lucr.: 
to c. various emotions of the soul, varios 
motus animorum c., Tac. Phr.: toc. 
any one trouble, alicui molestiam ex- 
hibere, Cic.: to c. delay, alicui cuncta- 
tionem injicere, Liv.; Pl.: to c. hatred, 
odium parere, Ter.: to c. alarm to the 
enemy, terrorem hosti objicere, Liv.: v. 
TO EXCITE, PRODUCE, CREATE. 
causeless: |, That has no cause: 
hr.: nothing c. can exist, nihil fieri 
potest sine causa, Cic. I]. Without 
reason or ground: vanus: ¢. fear, Vv. 
metus, Hor.: Vv. GROUNDLESS. 
causelessly : 1. sine causa: Cic. 
2, immérito: Ter. 


causer: 1. auctor: the c.of death, 
a. mortis, Ov. Q. effector, or effec- 
trix: Cic. 

causeway: agger, Eris, m. (any 


bank-like mound): or agger viae: Tac. 
caustic (adj.): |. Burning: 1, 
causticus: Plin. 9, erédens, entis: 
c. remedies, medicamenta erodentia, Cels. 
3. adiirens, entis: c. remedies, me- 
dicamenta adurentia, or simply, adu- 
rentia, Cels. Phr.: those compositions 
are more powerfully c., eae composi- 
tiones vehementius adurunt, Cels. — 
Pungent, biting, severe (q. v.): mordax, 
acerbus. 
caustic (subs.): *nitras argenti: 
.L. 


cauterisation: 1. Expr. by 
ger. of aduro: Cels. 5, 28, I. 2. 
Adustio caustica: M. L.: v. TO CAU- 
TERIZE. 
cauterize: ferro adiro, ussi, ustum, 
33 or simply, Adiiro, 3: Cels. 5, 28. 
cautery: 1, ustio: Cels.: Plin. 2, 
cautérium (the instrument): Plin. 
caution (subs.): |. Wariness: 
1, cautio: ¢. and timidity, c. et 
timiditas, Cic.: about things which will 
not allow of the exercise of c., I do not 
give myself very much trouble, quae 
cautionem nop habebunt, deiis non ita 
valde laboro, Cic.: the matter requires 
c., res cautionem habet, Cic. Q, cura: 
v.caRE. Phr.: to use great c., circum- 
spicere diligenter, Cic.: with c. (adverb. 
phr.), cauté, pédétentim : v. CAUTIOUSLY, 
|], A warning : chiefly in certain phr. : 
to give any one a c. respecting @ person 
or thing, *monere aliquem ut ab aliquo 
caveat; aliquem de aliqua re monere, 
commonere: V. TO WARN, WARNING: 
this may act as a c. to others, *hoc 
alios deterrere potest: V. TO DETER. 
caution (v.): modneo, commoneo: v. 
TO WARN. 


cautious: 1. cautus (of both 








persons and things): ¢. in dangers, c. in 
periculis, Cic.: more c. in reference to 
the more immediate evil, ad praesentius 
malum cautiores, Liv.: a c. plan, ec. 
consilium, Cic.: very ¢. old age, cautis- 
sima senectus, Tac. Very c., percautus. 
Cic. 2, considératus (i.e. deliberate) : 
@ c. person, c. humo, Cic.: @ more c. 
plan, consideratius consilium, Cic. 3, 
circumspectus (carefully considered : 
hence prop. of things; as plans, coun- 
sels: but also used of persons): v. CIR- 
CUMSPECT. 
cautiously: 1. cauté: Cic. : Caes. 
2, parce (strictly sparingly: q. v.): 
to attack any one c. and gently, p. e% 
molliter aliquem laedere, Cic.: Hor 
3. pédétentim (of approach: step 
by step): to approach c. and gradually, 
p. et gradatim accedere, Cic.: Ter. 4, 
circumspecté: v. CIRCUMSPECTLY. 
cautiousness: cautus animus ; 
cautum ingenium: v. CAUTIOUS. 
cavalcade: pompa equestris: v. 
PROCESSION. 
cavalier: ]. A horseman: q. v. 
Il. Zn Eng. Hist.: *regiae partis 
sectator. 
cavalierly: impéridsé, stiperbe: v. 
HAUGHTILY, DISDAINFULLY. 
cavalry: 1, équitatus, tis: he 
sends all the c. in advance, eq. omnem 
praemittit, Caes.: the Nerviit are ex- 
tremely weak in c., Nervii equitatu nibil 
possunt, Caes.: Cic. 92, équites, um: 
the c. of Ariovistus took up @ position 
20u paces from the mound, equites Ario- 
visti passibus CC. a tumulo constiterunt, 
Caes. light and heavy c., equites levis, 
gravis armaturae, Kr. (based on Caes.): 
the c. began to deploy by troops, eq. se 
turmatim explicare coeperunt, Caes. : 
troops of c., equitum turmae, Tac.: a 
colonel of c., praefectus, Caes.; equitum 
praefectus, Hirt. (The singular is some- 
times used in the collective sense: that 
c. was then by far the best in Greece, is 
longe tum optimus eques in Graecia fuit, 
Liv. : Curt.) 3. cOpiae Equestres: 
Cic.: Curt. 4, ala (sometimes used 
of the cavalry in a Roman army, as 
being placed in the wings): v. Dict. 
Ant. s.v. Phr.: to convert infantry 
into c., legionem ad equum rescribere, 
Caes.: to serve in the c., equo merere, 
Cic.: a plain well adapted for the 
manoeuvres of c., planities equitabilis 
(= equitatui apta), Curt. 
cavalry (adj.): Equestris, tre: a c. 
battle, proelium eq., Caes.; eq. pugna, 
Cic.: c. weapons, eg. arma, Liv. Phr.: 
ac. regiment, equitum cohors, 
cave, cavern: 1, spécus, us, m. 
and n. (Gr. améos: esp. used of caves 
excavated in rocks): Virg.: Hor.: Liv. 
2. spélunca (i.q. specus): ac. of 
infinite depth, s. infinita altitudine, Cic.: 
Virg. 8, antrum (esp. in the poets: 
and usu. of a pleasant place: v.GROTTO): 
a c.in the woods, a. nemorale, Ov.: an 
ice-cold c., gelidum a., Ov.: Virg.: Hor. 
4, caverna: v. CAVITY, HOLE. §, 
cavum: v. HOLLOW. (See Habicht, 
Syn. § 864). 
cavernous: caiverndsus: Plin. (or 
by circuml., cavernis abundans, etc.). 
Caviare ; Ova acipenseris garo con- 
dita (?). 
cavil (v.)° 1, calumnior, 1 (prop. 
to accuse falsely: hence, to blame with- 
out reason): this man seems know- 
ingly to mock and to c., is ludificari ac 
c. sciens videtur, Cic.: Quint. 2, ca- 
villor, 1 (to censure mockingly, jest- 
ingly): to c. at the words of the sena- 
tors, verba patrum c., Tac.: to c. at the 
tribunes, tribunos ¢., Liv. 3, carpo 
3: V. TO CARP AT. 
cavil (subs.): argitidla: Gell. 
caviller: 1, auceps syllabarum 
(one who catches at every syllable): 
Cic. 9. civillator: Pl.: Sen. 
cavity: 1, caiverna: the c.s of the 
earth, c. terrae, Cic.: to have c.s in place 
of ears, c. habere aurium loco, Plin. 
Dimin.: caverniila, a small c.: Plin 
2. caivea (rarely): Plin. 3, spé- 
cus, spélunca: Vv. CAVERN. 








a ee a ee 





cornicor, 1 (vy. rare): 
4; and crécito, 1: Pl, 
: crocatio: Fest, 

To desist, leave off 
Sivi, or sii, Ytum, 
c. to love you, te 
I pray you, 





cawing (subs.) 
ce. 


Y 1, 

3 (With inf.): 7 shali 
amare desinam, PL: ¢, 
Places, desine, 
to c. from com- 
(poet. gen.: L. G. 
Speeches have c.d to 
st people, veteres orationes 
gi sunt desitae, Cic. , 
» Missum, 3 (usu. in sense 
less freq. with 
omitte iratus 
mourn, lugere om., 

rémitto, 3 (constr. 
if you were to reflect 
c. to load me with 
tes, remittas jam me oner- 


Munibus loci 
plaints, querelarum d. 
§ 284), Hor.: the old 


@ plerisque le 


don, with ace. : 
tnfin.): c. to be angry, 


same as omitto) : 
you would at one 
insults, si cogi 
are injuriis, ‘ 
(chiefly poet.) : 
désisto: v. To DEsIsT. 

Sor a time): v 
Caesar begs him to c. entreating, 
randi faciat, Caes. : 
‘cing, finierat Paean, 


Vv. TO FORBEAR. 
6, intermitto, 
. TO INTERMIT. 


rogat finem o 
lo had c.d spea, 
+: V. TO DESIST, LEAVE OFF. 
come to an end: 
showers had c.d, desi 
let anger c., desinat 
impers.: men have 
against them, 
situm est dis 
(with some such word as ve 
ers): V. TO END. 3: 
poets by using the plu- 
indicate the ce. 


1, désino, ;:° the 
erant imbres, Ovy.: 


jam pridem contr. 
4 | ful observance of Sriendship, ob amici- 


Often expr. in 
perf. tense ; to 
speaker: as, Faunus c 

aunus, Ov. F. 


.d, dixerat haec 
3, 319: cf. id. M. 13, 
. conquiesco, éyi, 

quiet, still): the voy 
navigatio mercato 
has c.d, febris con 
terquiesco, 3 (to 

in has c.d for a tin 


» 3 (to stand stil, 
ic business had c.d, for- 
labor constiterat, Cic, 
» 3 (to stop a while: 
1g c.d, substitit clamor, 
ve c.d, lacrimae substit- 
8. concido, cidi, Re 
subsiding): all his 
is ferocia concidit, 
ncidit bellum, Tac. 
c.d, tumultus con- 
hatred which has now 
time, exoletum jam 


Cic.: the fever 
time): the pa 


ensium rerum 


Ov.: the tears ha 


t, Quin 

(to fall like a wind 
haughtiness c.d, omn 
Liv.: war has c.d, co 
Phr.: the disorder 
ticuit, Liv.: Cic.: 
ed from length 
vetustate odium, 
Which is to loiter, Slag: q. v. 

ceaseless: perpétiius; assidiius: v. 
PERPETUAL, CONSTANT. 

ceaselessly : 
INCESSANTLY, PE 

cedar (subs.): cedrus, i, 
¢.-wood, cedria: Col. : 
of the c., cedris, idis, 
cedrium: Plin, 

Adj. of cedar, : 
Vitr. (2) cedrinus: Plin. 
3 (with abl.): v. To 


1, tectum (also roof, 
S$, Marmorea t., Cic,: 
t. laqueata, Hor. 
panelled c.): Cic.:' Hor. 
aris, n. (usu, plu.: 


perpétuo: assidué: y, 


SURRENDER, GIVE 
q. v.): amastle ¢. 


unar, aris, n. (a 





lacunar): Virg. 
(an arched or vaulted C.): 
chéliddnia major : Plin, 
Yo publish the 
cécini, cantum, 
he cd Bacchus, 
to. c. kings and 





3 (of verse or 


» Teges et proelia 
concino, 3 (of choral son 


gS): toc. joyful 
days in choral songs, agi 


laetos dies c., Hor. 
we shall be c.d in song 
all over the world, per totum cantabi- 
mur orbem, Ov.: ¢ 
(to render famous in any 
one’s nume in writings, alic 
iptis c., Cic.: toc. ama 

verse, Virum aut h . 
concélébro, 1 (rare): to ¢. 


CEMENT CENT 












and figs): Plin.: vy. MOKTAR, SOLDER, 
GLUE. For the fig. sign., v. Bonp. 






one’s tutelar deity, genium c., Tib, 6. 
praedico, 1: y. to PROCLAIM, BOAST OF. 












7. sono, ui, itum, 1 (poet.): our cement (v.): 1, conglitino, 1. 
poems shall c. you, te carmina nostra | Vitr.: Plin, Fig.: toc, Jriendships, 
sonabunt, Ov.: to be cd by the lying | amicitias c., Clic. 2. ferrimino, 1 






Plin.: v. To GLUE, OLDER. For fig 
sign., Vv. TO CONFIRM, STRENGTHEN, 

ci fomenting (subs.) : conglitinatio 
ic, 


harp, mendaci lyra sonari, Hor. Il. 
To honour by ceremonies ; to perform in 
@ solemn manner : 1, célébro, 1: to 
c. holidays, festos dies c., Cic.: toc. a 
marriage, nuptias ce, Liv.: tp ¢a 
Suneral, exsequias ¢e., Liv. 2. con- 
célébro, 1 (rare: Stronger than simple 
verb): toc.a birthday, diem natalem c., 
PL: toca Sumeral, funus c., Liv. ye 
fréquento, 1 (implying numerous at- 
tendance): that is public which a whole 
community c.s, publicum est quod civi- 
tas universa frequentat, Cic.: Ov. Phr.: 
toc. as a holiday, diem festum habere, 
Nep.: toc. divine Service, publica sacra 
conficere or curare, Cic. (or sacris s, divi- 
nis rebus interesse: y, To TAKE PART 
IN): V. TO SOLEMNIZE, KEEP. 
celebrated : 1, céléber, bris, 
bre: Daedalus very c. for his skill in 
constructive art, Daedalus ingenio fabrae 
celeberrimus artis, Ov.: @ name ce. with 
praise, nomen celebre laudibus, Liy, 
2. nobilis, e: a very c. pair of 
gladiators, gladiatorum par nobilissi- 
mum, Cic.: Corinth c. for its bronze, n. 
aere Corinthus, Ov. Phr.: this man is 
very ¢, hic in maxima gloria est, Cic.: 
he has become very c. Sor his most faith- 








cemetery: 1, sépulcrétum: Cat. 
2, coemétériura (Gr. xousnrpcov) 
Tert. 
cenobite, coendbita, ae, m.: Hier 
Vv. MONK. 
cenotaph : 1, timilus jnanix 
Virg. . héndrarius tiimilus - Suet 
3. céndtaphium : Ulp. 
Lice aser : turibilum (thur.): Cic 
iv. 
censor: |. 4 Roman magistrate - 
1. censor: the cs shall hold office 
Sor five years, C. magistratum quin- 
qguennium habento, Vet. Leg. ap. Cic. 
Liv. Phr.: the lists made out by the 
¢., censoriae tabulae, Cic.: g man who 
had been c., censorius homo, Cic, , 
Magister morum: Cic. Il. One who 
lames: V. CENSURER. Ill. A public 
Officer appointed to examine books, plays 
etc., before they are published or per- 
Lome, *librorum fabularumve censor 



























censorious: *ad vituperandum s 
Teprehendendum Proclivis ;  studiosus 
Teprehendendi : the ¢, (as subs.), obtrec- 
tatores, Cic. 

censoriously : *studio s. libidine re- 
prehendendi. 

censoriousness : *animus ad vitupe- 
rationem proclivis ; merum studium re- 
prehendendi. 

censorship: |, The office of the 

oman censors: 1. censtra: “Cic. - 
Liv. 2. migistérium morum: Cic 

Il. The office @ the supervisor of 
literature, *literarum censura. 
censurable: 1, répréhensioné 
dignus: Quint. 2. répréhendendus 
Quint. 3. culpandus: v, BLAMABLE. 
censurably (rare): ita ut culpam 
aliquis mereatur. y, BLAMABLY. 
censure (subs.) : vitiipératio: Thad 
escaped two very great c.s, duas maxi- 
mas v. effugeram, Cic.: v. BLAME. 
censure (v.): 1, animadverto, ti, 
sum, 3: to c. offences, peccata an., Cic 
2 perstringo, nxi, ctum, 3 (prop 
to wound slightly) : toe. indirectly, ali- 
quem p. oblique, Tac.: toc. with gentle 
words, lenibus verbis p., Tac. - Cic. A 
destringo, 3 (=perstringo) - to c. anyone 
in a biting poem, aliquem mordaci car- 
mine d., Ov.: Phaedr. 4. exigito, 1 
(of repeated attacks upon a thing): some 
have been found to c. and despise this 
practice of oratory, inventi sunt qui 
hance dicendi exercitationem exagitarent 
atque contemnerent, Cic, 5. ndto, 1 
(prop. said of some authority, and with 
permanent results): the senate cd the 
thing, not the man, senatus rem non 
hominem notavit, Cic.: this love deserves 
to be c.d, hic amor est dignus notari, Hor. 
6. vitapéro, 1: you deserve to be 
cd on many accounts, multis modis es 
Vituperandus, Ter.: to c. philosophy 
philosophiam v., Cic.: v. To RLAM Eg. 
censurer : 1, censor: the re- 
prover and c. of the young, castigator c. 
que minorum, Hor. : Cic, 2. exagi- 
tator: Cic. 3. vitipérator: Cic, 
census: J. In the Roman sense- 
census, Us. to hold the c.,c. habere, Cic. = 
c. agere, Suet.; c. facere, Gell.: to ez- 
clude from the c., i. e. to deprive of the 
Franchise, censu prohibere, Cic.; censu 
excludere, Liv. Phr.: the c. ts taken 
throughout Sicily every fifth year, quinto 
quoque annv Sicilia tota censetur, Cic. 
cellarer : 1, cellarius: Pl.: Col, Il. In the modern sense it may 
2. promus: Pl.: Col, perhaps be expressed by civium enumer- 
cellular : celliilaris, e: ¢, tissue, | atio. 
telac., M. L. cent: Phr.: there is plenty of 
cellule (anat. ¢. t.): cellila: M. L. money at 6 per c., semissibus Magua est 
cement (subs.): 1, ferrimen : copia pecuniae, Cic.: 12 per c. per an- 
rough stones are put together without c.,| mum, centesimae usurae, Cic.: interest 
sine f. caementa componuntur, Plin. | az 4 per c., trientes usurae, Paul. Dig. : 
2. maltha nea of lime, lard, | eight Per ¢., uncia, Scaev.: interest at § 
13 





tiam summa fide servatam maximam 
gloriam cepit, Cic.: the injustice of men 
will make your greatness c., illustrabit 
tuam amplitudinem hominum injuria, 
Cic.: v. Famous, ILLUSTRIOUS, DISTIN- 
GUISHED. 
celebration: |. 4 public prais- 
ing : (usu. best expr. by part of verb: 
as, the lyre, made for the c, of the praises 
of the gods, *nata ad laudes deorum 
canendas testudo: vy, To CELEBRATE): vy, 
PRAISE. Il. A solemn observance : 
1, célébratio: the c. of games, c. 
Indorum, Cic. 2. célébritas (rare): the 
¢. of a funeral, supremi diei c., Cie. 
3. Or expr. by verb: v. To cE- 
LEBRATE (I].). 
celebrity : 1, célébritas: the 
cause of c. and renown, causa celebrita- 
tis et nominis, Cic, ms claritas, cla- 
Titido: v. GLORY, RENOWN. 
celerity: céléritas: y. QUICKNEss, 
RAPIDITY, 
celery : 1, héléésélinum: Plin. 
2, apium (wild ¢.): Plin.: Virg. 
celestial : 1, coelestis, e: the o 
regions, c. plagae, Ov.: c. strength, vis 
c., Cic.: the c. bow, i. e. the rainbow, c. 
arcus, Plin.: v, HEAVENLY. 2. coeles, 
Itis (poet.): he had been driven Srom the 
¢. regions by Jove, coelitibus regnis a 
Jove pulsus erat, Ov.: esp. in pl. as 
subs. : coelites, the heavenly beings: Ov. 
3. divinus: v. prvine. 
celibacy: 1, caelibatus, iis: Sen, : 
uet 2, caelebs vita: Hor. 
cell: |. A smail apartment or 
dwelling : 1, arca (v. rare): the slaves 
are thrown into cells that no one may be 
able to converse with them, servi in arcas 
conjiciuntur ne quis cum iis colloqui 
possit, Cic. 2. cella: I will shut my- 
self up in some c., me inc. aliquam con- 
cludam, Ter.: the c.s of slaves, servorum 
cellae, Cic. J, 4 small cavity, esp. 
tm a@ honey-comb : 1. cella: Virg. 
2. forus: Virg. 
cellar: 1. cella (prop. a store 
closet): a wine c., ¢. vinaria, PL: Cic. 
3. hypdgaeum (underground ¢.) : 
Vitr 


cellarage: — J. Space occupied by 
cellars: *cellarum spatium, Il. Rent 
Jor the use of cellars, *merces cellarum. 

































Si 


CENTAUR 





per c., fenus unciarium, Liv.: Tac.: v. 
UNTEREST. 
centaur: 1, centaurus: Ov. 
Also as the name of a constellation: 
Cic.: Manil. 9. bimembris: Virg. 
centaury (a plant): 1, centau- 


réum: Virg.: Plin. 9. fel terrae: 
Plin. 

centenary (subs.) : centénarius nii- 
mérus: Varr. 


centenary (adj.): centénarius: 
arr.: Plin. 


centennial; quod per centenos an- 
nos, 07 centesimo quoque anno, fit. 
centipede: centipéda: Plin. 
cento: cento, dnis, m.: Aus.: Isid. 
central: 1, médius: a c. place, 
m. locus, Cic. : Caes.: v. CENTRE. on 
centralis, e (late): a c.land, c. terra, Pliu. 
centralization: expr by verb: as, 
c. 1s an evil, *minime omnia ad sum- 


mum imperium referenda sunt: v. 
foll. art. 
centralize: Phr.: to c. govern- 


ment, rerum administrationem ad unum 
vel ad paucos deferre: or omnia ad 
unum deferre, Cic. Manil. 23, 67. 

centrally: Phr.: a house c. situ- 
ated, *domus opportune ad mediam ur- 
bem sita; omnibus opportunitatibus 
urbis commode vicina. 

centre (subs.): 1, centrum (ma- 
them. c. of a circle or sphere): the c.s of 
the sun and earth, solis terraeque centra, 
Plin.: c. of gravity, c. gravitatis, 
M. L. 2. médius (an adj. in agree- 
ment with the substantive correspond- 
ing to the governed subst. in English) : 
the earth is situated vn the centre of the 
universe, terra in medio mundo sita est, 
Cic.: the c. of the universe, m. mundi 
locus, Cic.: the auxiliaries were placed 
together in the c. of the line, auxilia in 
Mediam aciem conjecta sunt, Caes.: to 
have the charge of the c., m. aciem tueri, 
Liv. (But we often find simply medium 
in oblique cases only: as, the Ligu- 
rians were posted in the c., Ligures in 
medio positi, Liv.; to station cavalry in 
the c., equites in medium accipere, Liv.). 
Phr.: he himself takes up his post in 
the centre (by the eagle), ipse prope 
aquilam assistit, Sall. C. 59: the c. of 
public anxiety, caput publicaruin cu- 
rarum, Liv. 

centre (v.): fig. to turn upon, be 
engaged about : 1, contineor, 2; i.e. 
TO BE BOUND UP WITH. 2. situm 
esse (also in puss. sense): the whole of 
morality c.s in the performance of duty, 
in officio colendo sita vitae est honestas 
omnis, Cic.: v. TO LIE. 3, nitor, nisus, 
and nixus, 3 (lit. to lean upon): v. To 
DEPEND. Phr.: my whole wishes c. 
here, *in hac re versatur omnis voluntas 
mea: all their anxieties are c.d on the 
safety of the state, omnes suas curas in 
reipublicae salute defigunt, Cic.: v. To 
REST UPON. 

centrifugal: Phr.: c. force, *vis 
centrifaga (as scient. ¢.¢.): or by cir- 
cuml., vis (s. momentum) ea qua aliquid 
a medio depellitur. 

centripetal: Phr.: c. fore, vis 
ea qua aliquid mediam locum expetit: 
ef. Cic. N..D. 2, 45. 

centurion: 1. centiirio: ¢. of 
the jirst pilus (i. e. the foremost in 
rank), ¢. primipili o ¢. primipilus, 
Caes.: Liv. (also primipilaris: Suet.) ; 
the office of c., centiiriatus, is, Cie. OA 
ordo, inis, m.: to assemble the tribunes 
and the highest c.s, tribunos militum or- 
dinesque primos convocare, Caes.: ac. 
(N.B. —The full expr. is ordinis ductor; 
the century itself being called ordu: y, 
Dist. Ant. p. 504 6.). Phr.: to deyrade 
from the o'lice of c, ordinem adimere, 
Tac.: to restore it, ord reddere, Tac. H. 
1,52: ac.s wand, or badge of o‘lice, vitis, 
is, f.: Ov.: Tac. (this word is sometimes 
employed to denote the ¢.’so‘lice: Juv.). 

century: |. 4 hundred: centitria. 
Col.: to divide into c.s, centiiriare, Hyg. 

|]. A political division of the Roman 
people; also, a $b livision of the legion : 
1, centiria: Liv.. Cic.: fo divide 
into c.s, centiriare, Cic.: Liv.: by c.s, 
114 





CERTAINLY 


CHAFE 








centuriatim, Caes.- Cic. 2, ordo, inis, 
m.: Caes. Cic. fj, A hundred years: 
1, saecilum: Cic.: Hor. Q. spa- 


tium annorum centum: Varr.: Liv. 
9, 34. 
cerate: cératum: Cels.: Plin. 
cerebellum: cérébellum: Cels. : 


Plin. (though not in the modern anato- 
mical sense ; but—parvum cerebrum). 
_cere-cloth, cerement: *lintéum 
cératum : Vv. GRAVE-CLOTHES. 
ceremonial (adj.): caeriménialis, 
Amob. : v. FORMAL. 
ceremonial (subs.): i. e. a collection 
of ceremonies: ritus (in pl.): v. CERE- 
MONY. 

ceremonially : 1. rité: Cic.: 

or. 2. sollenniter: Liv.: Just. 

ceremonious: |. Attended with 
due ceremony: sollennis, e (0 sdlennis, 
-emnis): c. banquets, s. epulae, Cic. : 
Hor. |, Excessively attentive to cere- 
mony or forms: perh. officii putide stu- 
diosus atque molestus: Vv. FORMAL. 

ceremoniously : I]. With due 
ceremony : sollenniter: Liv.: Just. — f. 
With excessive attention to forms : *mo- 
lesto quodam officio atque urbanitate. 

ceremoniousness : () nimia ac 
molesta urbanitas. 

ceremony: Jf. A solemn observ- 
ance : 1, caerimonia: the cs of 
tombs, c. sepulcrorum, Cic.: new c.s, 
novae c., l'ac.: foreign c.s, c. externae, 
Suet. 2. officium (of cs showing 
polite or respectful attention): 1 was 
present at the c. of assuming the manly 
gown, officio togae virilis interfui, Plin. : 
he was not present at the c.s of his 
mother’s funeral, supremis in matrem 
officiis deerat, Tac.: at the c. of the 
levee, in officio salutationis, Suet. A 
Titus, Us (esp. a religious c.): the custom 
and c. of the primitive religion, mos 
ritusque priscae religionis, Suet.: @ 
magic c., magicus ritus, Ov. Phr.: 
master of the c.s, designator: it was the 
business of this officer to assign people 
their places in the theatre, etc.: the 
title, designator Caesaris Augusti (master 
of c.s to the emperor), is found in an 


e; 


Inscr.: v. Forcell. s. v. Il. Pomp, 
display : 1, apparatus, us: Hor.: 
Cic. 2. caerimonia: to celebrate pub- 


lic games with very great c., ludos maxi- 
ma cum ce. facere, Cic. 
certain: |. Undoubted, sure (ob- 
jective): 1, certus: a@ more c. fact, 
certior res, Liv.: to consider as c., cer- 
tum habere or, pro certo habere, Cic. : 
v. also UNFAILING. exploratus 
(of the future): @ c. victory, ex. vic- 
toria, Caes.: who is so foolish as to 
thing it c. he will live till evening ? 
quis est tam stultus, cui sit exploratum 
se ad vesperum esse victurum? Cic. 
3, ratus: v. FIXED. Phr.: to 
know for c., certo (better than certe) 
scire, Cic.; Ter.: also, manu s. manibus 
tenere (cf. manifestus: manus, fero) ; 
compertum hubere, Sall. (stronger than 
comperisse): if 7s c., constat, Stitit, 1: v. 
AGREED ON. Il. Convinced, believing 


Jjirmly (subjective): certus (rare): are | 


you any more c. now ? Numquid nunc es 
certior? Pl.: to be c. about unything, de 
aliqua re c. esse, Suet.: Gell. (but pro- 
bably not in Cie.: ef supr 1). Ill. 
Particular, but undefined : 1. qui- 
dim, quaedam, quoddam: a c. soldier, 
quidam ex militibus, Caes.: ata c. time, 
quodam tempore, Cic.: ¢. of these went 
to the Nervit, quidam ex his ad Nervios 
pervenerunt, Cues. 2, certus (more 
definite than quidam ; and implying that 
the speaker could mention names if dis- 
posed to do so): he has c. persons in his 
interest, habet certos sui studiusos, Cic. : 
bound by c. lau s of speaking, ad certas 
quasdam dicendi leges alligatus, Quint. 
certainly: |. Undoubtedly, curelu: 
1, certé: if it will c. happen, there 
is no chance, sic. eveniet nulla fortuna 
est, Cic.: ‘ler. 2. certo (=for cer- 
tain: cf. CERTAIN, I. Phr.) : myname is c. 
Sosia, mihi certo nomen Sosia’st, Pl.: to 
expect nothing so as tf it would c. happen, 
nihil ita expectare quasi certo futurum, 








Cic. 3. profecto: v. ASSUREDLY. J, 
ln replies, to denote emphatic assent. 
1, sané: do you wish to be advised ? 
c. I do, te moneri numne vis? sane volo, 
PL: Ter. 2. véro: you have often, I 
think, been in the schools of the philoso- 
phers ?—C. and with great pleasure too, 
fuisti saepe, credo, in scholis philoso- 
phorum ?—Vero, ac libenter quidem, Cic.: 
esp. after a pronoun: as, J ask whether 
he in that acted unjustly ?—C. he did, he 
replies, quaero num id injuste fecerit ?— 
Ile vero, Cic.: Nep. 3, (Still stronger 
than the preceding): €nimvéro: Do you 
really say so ?—Most c. I do, ain’ vero? 
—aio enimvero, Pl.: v. VERILY. 4. 
certé (=sane): do you say so?—C. Ido, 
ain’ tu vero? c. inquam, PI. : Cic. 5. 
quippé (usu. ironically): would you then 
correctly say that you had restored the 
state ?—C., recte igitur diceres te rem- 
publicam  restituisse ?—Quippe, Cic. : 
Virg.: v. OF COURSE. II]. Zo denote 
a@ concession, foll. by a qualification : 
1, quidem, équidem (the latter usu. 
with first person sing.): Vv. INDEED. 
2. étiam (only in dialogue): Zeno 
thinks that a happy life consists in vir- 
tue alone. What says Antiochus ?—C. 
a happy life, he says, does, but not the 
most happy, Zeno in una virtute positam 
beatam vitam putat. Quid Antiochus ?— 
Etiam, inquit, beatam, sed non beatissi- 
mam, Cic. 
certainty : |. Abstract: expr. 
by adj.: as, the question is not respect- 
ing the c. of these things, *non quaer- 
itur num haec certa sint: toattain to 
c., compertum aliquid habere ; penitus 
exploratum habere: v. CERTAIN (1): to 
reduce anything to c., aliquid ad liqui- 
dum redigere, Sen.; veritatem ad liqui- 
dum explorare, Liv.: the c. of punish- 
ment is more efficacious than its severity, 
*quo certior, non quo gravior poena est, 
eo plus valet. |]. Concrete: = a cer- 
tain thing: res certa; or in pl. certa 
(neut.): Vv. CERTAIN. 
certificate: *testimonium scriptum 
s. per tabulas factum. Phr.: ac. of 
proficiency, (?) laudatio (used in Cic. of 
the certificates to character read in 
court): a@ bankrupt's c., (7) tabulae 
novae legitimae (the term employed to 
denote a general release from debts being 
tab. novae). 
certify: |. To attest in writing, 
etc., recognosco, novi, nitum, 3; all these 
things have been c.’d and compured with 
the greatest care, haec OMNia SUMMA Cura 
recognita et collata sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
77, 190: toc. a decree, decretum r., Cic. 
i. To inform: q. Vv. 
cerulean ; caeriileus: Caes.: Virg.: 
Vv. BLUE. 
“: cerumen: 
ic. 
ceruse: cérussa: Ov.: Plin. ; 
cessation: 1. quies, étis, f.: 


sordes (-ium) aurium: 


| there was a c. of the conflicts, q. certa- 
| minum erat, Liv.: 


V. REST, RESPITE. 

2, intermissio (a leaving off for a 
tume): Cic.: Liv.: Vv. INTERMISSION. 

3. cessatio (esp. of the inactivity of 
an indolent person): Cic.: @ c. Jrom 
arms by agreement, c. pugnae pacticia, 
Gell. 4, Expr. by verb: as, there 
was noc. from the business of preparing 
works, ab apparatu operum nihil cessa- 
tum, Liv.: that there might be no c. 


Jrom uvork during any o/ the time, ne 


quod omnino tempus ab opere intermitte- 
retur, Caes.: V. BREATHING-TIME. 

cession: expr. by verb: as, they 
stipulated for the cession of Asia as far 
as Taurus, pepigerunt ut Asia omni 
quae cis montem Taurum esset deced- 
eret; ut cis ‘If. montem possessione 
Asiae cederet (Antiochus): cl. Liv. 37. 
36, 45. N.B.—Cessio is used only in 
civil jurisprudence ; of cession of pro- 
perty. 

cestus: cestus: Mart. 

cetaceous ; cétdsus: Avien. E 

ceterach: 1, asplénum: Plin. 

2. splenium: Plin. 

chafe: |. To warm by rubbing- 

agitando fovere, calefaeere: cf. Liv. 24 





Jem.: Col.) 





CHAFER 


CHANCE 


CHANGE 





59 (fn.): *fricando calorem ciere, injic- 
ere. (Not contero or attero, which 
imply bruising or abrasion.) ||, To 
excoriate: attéro: v. TO GALL. Ul. 
To irritate (q. v.): irrito, stomachum 
alicui méveo, etc. IV, Intr.: to be 
impatient and angry: 1, st6machor, 
1: loc. and be vexed, s. et moleste ferre, 
Cic.: v. TO BE ANGRY, Q. aegré, mol- 
esté féro, patior: v. TO BE IMPATIENT, 
VEXED. 
chafer; sciraibéus (-baeus): Plin.: 
Vv. BEETLE. 
chaff: 1. The husk of corn : it 
paléa (as collect. used in both sing. and 
pl.: the latter more freq.): Virg.: Col. 
2. acus, éris, n. (also in pl. aceres, 
: to strew c. in hen-roosts, in 
cubilibus (gallinarum) acus substernere, 
Varr.: Cato: Col. I]. Anything 
worthless : quisquiliae: Vv. RUBBISH. 
chaffer (v.): de pretio ambigére. 
oa qui de pretio ambigit. 


flinch: fringilla (7): Varr.: 
Mart (fringilla coelebs: Linn.). 
chaffy: acérosus: Lucil. 
chafing (of the skin): 1. inter- 
trigo, inis,f.: Varr.: Plin. Q, intrigo, 
inis, f.: Varr. 
-dish: 1, foctilus: PI: 
Liv. . batillum (also a fire-shovel): 


chagrin (subs.): stémachus: Lest 
they aera vent their c. upon me, ne in 
me s. erumpant, Cic.: fo excite laughter 
rather than c., risum magis quam s. mov- 
ere, Cic.: to cause any one c., s. alicui 
tucere, Cic.: Hor.: v. VEXATION, ILL- 
HUMOUR, 

chagrin (v.): stomachum alicui mov- 
ere: V. TO VEX. 

chain (subs.) : {, Lit.: of 
metal : 1, caténa (rarely if ever used 
of a chain worn for ornament): to put 
anyone in c.s, aliquem in catenas con- 
jJicere, Caes. (= injicere c. alicui, Cic.): 
the links of a c., catenae anuli, Plin. 
(also used fig.: v. inf. fin.).  Dimin. 
caténiila (rare), citella, a small c.; esp. 
used for adornment: Hor.: Liv. (who 
use catella). 9. vincilum: a bond 
of any kind: q. v 3, torques, is, m. 
and f. (only for personal adornment, 
and mostly worn by barbarians): a 
gold c., t. aureus, Liv.: Hor. |], By 
meton.: bondage (q. v-)- vinciila, ser- 
vitus. Phr.: the c.s of slavery, servile 
jugum, Cic.; v. YOKE. II. 4 series 
or succession of anything: series, éi, f. 
ac. of guards, s. custodiarum, Suet.: 
@ c. of causes, s. causarum, Cic. Phr.: 
ac. of mountains, montes continui, 
Hor. (who, however, uses the expr. to 
denote an unbroken range of hills: Ep. 
1, 16, 5): or perhaps, montium juga 
perpetua inter se connexa: @ c. of 
things, res inter se aptae colligataeque, 
Cie.: fate is an eternal and unalter- 
able succession and c. of things, fatum 
est sempiterna quaedam et indeclin- 
abilis series rerum et catena, Gell. 6, 2 
(init... 

chain (v.): 
homini catenas 
BIND. 

chained: 1, caténatus: a ec. 
door-leeper, c. janitor, Ov.: Hor. 2 
caténarius: a c. dog, ¢e. canis, Sen. 

chair (subs): |, A seat: 1, 
sella: why don't you give him a c. 
datin’ isti s.? Pl: a curule c. (a port 
abl2 chair for the higher magistrates), 
s. curulis, Cic.: Hor.: a sedan c., s. 
gestatoria, Suet.: the back of ac., arcus 
sellae, Tac. Phr.: the arm of ac., 
ancon, Onis, m.: Coel. Aur. 2. cath- 
édra (an easy couch-lilce chair): Hor.: 
Juv. I. The office of a public teacher 
or officer: cathedra: Aus. Phr.: a 
man who has passed the c., i. e. been 
chief officer or magistrate, vir censorius, 
consularis, praetorius, etc., according to 
the nature of the office held. 

chair (v.): *aliquem sellae impos- 
itum humeris circumvectare. 

chairman: _ |. He who presides at 
any meeting : miagister, tri: the c. of a 
company, m. societatis, Cic.: the c. of a 


catenis 
injicere, 


constringére, 
CievesTO: 





Jeast, m. convivii, Varr. 
carries a sedan : 1, lecticarius: Cic. : 
Suet. 9, homo ad lecticam: Cat. 

chaise: cisium (a light two-wheeled 
vehicle): to ride w Rome in a c., Ro- 
mam cisio advehi, Cic.: to fly along 
in a c., cisio pervolare, Cic.: v. also 
CARRIAGE 

chalcedony: Achatés chale édonius. 

chalice: calix, icis, m.: Cic.: Juv. 
v. CUP. 

chalk (subs.): créta: to mark with 
c. (as lucky ; opp. to carbone notare), 
creta notare, Hor.: Cic. Adj.: marked 
with c., crétatus: bands marked with 


c., fasciae c., Cic.: Juv. 
chalk (*.): 1, créta ndtare (to 
mark with c.): Hor. g, incréto, 1 


(to whiten with c.): to c. the Jace, lac- 
iem in., Petr. 3. crétam s. creta 
illino: v. TO BEDAUB. 

chalk out: designo: v. TO MaRK 
out. 

chalk-pit: crétifédina: Ulp. 

chalky: |. Abounding in c.: cré- 
tosus: Ov.: Plin. Il. Resembling c.: 
cretacéus: Plin. 

challenge (subs.): |, A summons 
to fight: provocatio: Vell: Plin.  [f, 
(legal ¢. ¢.) a formal objection to a 
juror: 1, rejectio: the c. of jury- 
men, judicum r., Cic. 2, réciisatio: 
Cod. 3, 1, 16. 

challenge (¥.): |. Zo call upon 
to fight or contend: 1, provodco, 1 
(with some defining word). to c. any 
one, aliquem ad pugnam p., Cic.: Liv.: 
he c.s me to a game at dice, provocat me 
in aleam, Pl.: to c. any one to sing, 
aliquem cantatum p., Ter. Q, lacesso, 
3: V. TO PROVOKE, TOCALL UPON. |], 
To object to a juror (leg. t. t.): rejicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3: the defendant c.d 75 
jurors out of 125, ex CXXV. judicibus, 
quinque et LXX. reus rejecit, Cic.: 
Plin. 

challenger: provocator: Liv. Epit.: 
ust. 

chalybeate (adj.): ferriginéus: the 
c. taste of @ spring, f. sapor fontis, 
Plin. 

chamber: |. Any room (q. v.): 
conclave, diaeta, etc. I]. 4 bed-room : 
cibicilum: Cic.: Liv.: v. BED-CHAM- 


BER. Il. Any inner space: *pars in- 
terior: the c. of the eye, *pars oculi in- 
terior: the c. of @ cannon, *tormenti 


pars interior. 


chamberlain : cubiciilarins - Cic. 
Phr.: high or lord ec. 1, praepés- 
Itus cubiculo : Suet. 2. decurio 


cubiculariorum: Suet. 3. magister 
admissionum : Amm. 
chamber-maid: ancilla cubicularia. 
chamber-pot: 1, matella: Mart. 
. matila: Pl.: Petr. 
chameleon: chamaeléon, onis, and 
ontis, m.: Plin.: Gell. 


chamfer (v.): strio, 1: Vitr.: Plin. 

chamfer (subs.): stria: Vitr.: v. 
CHANNEL (IL). 

chamfering: striatira: Vitr. 

chamois: 1, caiprédlus: Virg.: 
Col. 2. rupicapra: Plin. 

chamomile: chamaemélon: Plin. 


champ (v.): mando, di, sum, 3: the 
horses c. the yellow gold under their 
teeth, equi fulvum m. sub dentibus 
aurum, Virg. Phr.: the horse cs the 
bit with his teeth, equus dente frena 


premit, Ov.: V. TO BITE. 

champaign (@4j.): campester: v. 
FLAT. 

champaign (subs.): campus: v. 
PLAIN. 


champignon: bolétus parvus: v. 
MUSHROOM. 

champion: 1, propugnator: the 
defender of his father’s rigits, and the 
¢., as it were, of his patrimony, paterni 
juris defensor, et quasi patrimonii p., 
Cic. 2, défensor: v. DEFENDER. 8, 
dux, diicis (applicable to the chief or 
ringleader in any enterprise): with 
him (Kaeso) as their c., hoc duce, Liv. 
3, 11 (med.): Vv. CAPTAIN, 

chance (subs.): |. Accident, for- 
tune: 1, casus, is: 








Il. One who | | the matter toc., rem in casum ancipitis 


| eventus committunt, Liv.: esp. in abl. 
casu, by chance: I mentioned them, not 
designedly but by c., non consulto sed 
casu in eorum mentionem incidi, Cic.- 
whether by c. or by design, sive c. sive 
consilio, Caes. 2. fors, fortis, f.: abl. 


| forte (both of which, esp. forte, are also 


used as adverbs: the nom. often has a 
quasi-personal meaning—fortuna): c. is 
more influential in some things than 
reason, f. in aliquibus rebus plus quam 
ratio potest, Cic.: what c. may bring 
we uill bear with resignation, quod f 
feret feremus aequo animo, Ter.: ty 
happen by c., forte evenire, Ter.: Cie 

8. fortina: v. FORTUNE. 4, 
aléa (strictly of gambling: q. v.): the 
c. of war, a. belli, Liv.: there is c. in 
the selection of victims, a. hostiis delig- 
endis inest, Cic 5, téméritas (i. e. 


| a reckless, random distribution of things: 


rare): things in which no c. but order 
appears, in quibus nulla t. sed ordo ap- 
paret, Cic. Phr.: it is not by c. that 
the crow is now cawing on my right 
hand, non temere est quod corvus can- 
tat mihi nunc ab laeva manu, PL: 
Virg.: nothing abounds so much in cs 
as the sea, nihil tam capax fortuitorum 
quam mare, Tac.: a c. custome, emptor 
fortuitus: to take care of the main c., 


rem servare, Hor. A. P. 329: rem fac- 
ere, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 65: pecuniam pri- 
mum quaerere, ib. v. 53. ‘|, Pro 


bability or prospect of success: spés, 
spéi, 7: V. PROSPECT, HOPE. 
chance (v.): v. TO HAPPEN. Often 





expr. by means of adv. forte, casu: as, 


| I cd to be walking along the Sacred 


they commit 
' 


Way, ibam forte Via Sacra, Hor. 
chancel: *cancellus: M. L.: v. Do 
Cange, s. v.: or, locus in ecclesia ad 
aram cancellis septus. 
chancellor : cancellarius: Cassiod. : 
lord-c., regni or magni regni c., aap 
vote: c. of the exchequer, (7) logista, ae 
: Cod. Just. (*cancellarius aerarii), 
GchanGeliarchip: cancellarli munus: 
Poly. Verg. 
chancery: *cancellarii curia. 
chandelier: candélabrum: Cic. 
chandler; candelarum venditor, 
propola, 
change (.): A. Trans: |, 
To alter; either in whole or part : E 
mito, 1: toc. one’s dress (esp. of going 
into mourning), vestitum m., Cic.; ves- 
timenta m. (of an ordinary change of 
raiment), Suet.: everything has been 
altered and cd for the vorse, omnia 
versa et mutata in pejorem partem, 
Cic.: Vv. TO ALTER. 2. commiuto, I 
(to c. altogether): toc. the countenance, 
vultum c., Cic.: Scipioc.s his plan and 
his march, consilium Scipio iterque c., 
Caes.: to be c.d from true to false, ex 
veris in falsa c., Cic. 3. immito, 1 
(esp. of al eration in a thing ; partial 
change): to be c.d by prosperity, pros- 
peris rebus im., Cic.: v. TO ALTER. 4, 
permito, 1 (c. ‘completely) : to c. one's 
opinion, sententiam p., Cic. 5, verto, 
ti, sum, 3: i.e. to turn, convert: q. Vv. 
6, converto, 3 (to turn about com- 
pletely): all things c. their forms, om- 
nes res c. formas, Lucr.: cd pursuits, 
conversa studia, Hor.: c.d in mind and 
countenance, conversi animum vultum- 
que, Tac. 7, novo, 1 (to make in- 
novations) : to c. anything in the laws, 
aliquid in legibus n., Cic.: to c. one’s 
ees and appearance, nomen faciemque 
Ov.: to c. the government, res n., 
Tie: to wish to c. everything, omnia 
velle n., Liv. Phr.: let us c. the sub- 
ject, sermonem alio transferamus, Cie. 
|]. 7% exchange: permuto, 1: foc 
a denarius jor sizteen asses, denarium 
sedecim assibus p., Plin.: v. TO EX- 
CHANGE.  B, Intrans.: ], mito, 
I (esp. as refl.): the times c., and ve c 
with them, tempora mutaniur, nos et 
mutamur in illis, Hor.: Cic.: also in 
act. voice, with ellipsis of ref. pron.: 
how much manners have cd, quantum 
mores mutaverint, Liv.: to such a de- 
gree had men’s feelings c.d, adeo animi 
115 


CHANG 


mutaverant, Liv. Q, verto, ti, sum, 
3 (often with pron. reflect., OY as v. 
reflect.) : the south wind c.s to the south- 
west, Auster in Africum s¢ V. Caes. : 
fortune had already c.d, jam verterat 
fortuna, Liv.: all things ¢.. omnia ver- 
tuntur, Prop. 3, inclino, ft (to in- 
cline ; as a scale: with pron. reflect.) : 
fortune had cd (for the worse): se 
fortuna inclinaverat, Cic. 4, abéo, 4 
(with in and acc.: poet.) : his dress €.S 
into shaggy hair, in villos ab. vestes, 
Ov.: Lucr. 5, transeo, 4: he c.s wnto 
earth and stone, ille in humum saxum- 
que tr., Ov. 6, ceédo, cessi, cessum, 
3 (with in and acc.): Liv.: Plin.: v- 
TO TURN. 

change (subs.) : _ Alteration : 

J, miutatio (for the distinction be- 
tween this and the foll. words, comp. 
the verb): ac. of plan, consilii m., Cie. : 
to make a c., m. facere, Cic.: a c. Of 
weather, coeli ™., Col. 2, commu- 
tatio: c. of manners OT pursuits, morum 
aut studiorum c., Cic.: 4 ¢ of circum- 
stances, c. rerum, Caes. 3, imma- 
tatio: ac. of words, verborum im., Cic. : 
c. of order (in words), ordinis im., Cic. 
4 permutatio: @ great c. of affairs, 

magna rerum P., Cie : Quint. i 
vicis, Vicem, Vice; plu. vices (nom. and 
acc.), vicibus, f- (only of alternations, 
vicissitudes) : silently bewailing the 
sad c. of fortune, tacite gementes trist- 
em fortunae vicem, Phaedr.: severe 
winter melts away at the agreeable c. of 
spring and of the south-west wind, sol- 
vitur acris hiems grata vice veris et 
Favoni, Hor.: c.s are generally agree- 
able to the rich, plerumque gratae divi- 
tibus v., Hor. 6. vicissitudo (like 
vicis): ¢.s of fortune, vicissitudines for- 
tunae, Cic.: V. ALTERNATION. Il. Re 
volution (political): res novae: Dum- 
noriz was fond of C., Dumnorix cupidus 
r. novarum erat, Caes.: the commonalty 
fond of c.s, plebs nuvarum r.cupida, Sall.: 
Cic. (I. Small couns : Phr.: togiveany 
one c., *alicui numos majores minorum 
justo numero pe mutare. |¥. A balance 
out of a sum of money : *pnumi minores 
quae adhuc de pecunia restant (ef. Hor. 
A. P. 328). VY, An exchange: 4- Vv. 

changeable: , mutabilis, ¢€: 
woman ever inconstant and c., varium 
et mutabile semper femina, Virg- 
commiutabilis, e (less freq.): @ c. mind, 
c. animus, Cic. 3, ambiguus (poet.) : 
c. Proteus, am. Proteus, Ov. in- 
aequalis, (poet.): ¢. Autumns, in. 
‘Autumni, Ov.: Hor. 5, inconstans, 
antis: ¢. winds, inconstantes venti, 
Plin.: V- FICKLE. _ mobiiis, €: V- 
yICKLE. 7, Ventdsus (Cc. as the wind) : 
Hor. : v. CAPRICIOUS. 


changeableness: 1. miutabilitas: 
unsteadiness and c. of m ind, inconstantia 
m.que mentis, Cic. 9, volubilitas: 


the c. of fortune, fortunae v., Cic.: V- 
FICKLENESS. 
changeless : 
UNCHANGEABLE. 
changeling : 1, subditus (p. 
part. of subdo): he suspects that he is a 
¢., Sse suspicatur, Ter.: they call me a 


immiitabilis, e: Y- 


c., 8. me appellant, Liv. 9, suppos- 
{tus: V. SUPPOSITITIOUS. 

changer : mutator: Lucan.: Val. 
Flac. 

channel (subs.) : |, A watercourse: 


1, canalis, is, ™-.- artificial c.s, C- 
structiles, Vitr. (also used of natural 
cs): Varr.: Caes. Dimin. canalicilus, 
a small c.: Col. Q, rivus (usu. @ 
brook: q. v-): to shut up c.s (water- 
courses), Tivos claudere, Virg.: @ slop- 
ing c. (of a rivulet), pronus T., Hor. 

3, alvéus (the bed of a river): the 
c. of & river, fluminis a., Virg.: Hor.: 
Plin. Dimin. alvédlus, @ small c.: 
4, méatus, us (a passage) : the 
Danube discharges itself into the Euxine 
through siz ¢.S, Danubius in Ponticum 


limes, itis, ™.: 
their accustomed C., 


cursant limite, Ov.: Prop. I. A Sur- 
yow in a pillar: 1, canalis: Vitr. 5 


il 




























CHARACTER 





CHARCOAL 





also, ciMalicilus (dim.): Vitr. Ae 
stria: Vitr. Wh. An arm of the sea: 
fretum: the British ¢., *fretum Britan- 
nicum: Vv. STRAIT. 
channel (v-): strio, 1: to c. pillars 
with twenty flutings, columnas viginti 
striis s., Vitr. 
channelled (archit.) : j, alvéo- 
latus: Vitr. 9, canalichlatus : Plin. 
channelling : striatura: Vitr. 
chant (v.): canto: Vv. TO SING. 
chant (subs.): cantus (ecclesiasticus) : 
v. SONG. 
chanter: 
chantry : 


cantor: Vv. SINGER. 
cantaria : M. L. 


chaos: _ 1. chaos, n.: Ov. 2. 
(By cireuml.) riidis indigestaque moles: 
Ov. Phr.: he brought this out of ¢. 


into order, id ex inordinato in ordinem 
adduxit, Cic.: v- CONFUSION, DISORDER. 
chaotic: 1, confiisus: the c. ruin 
of the world, mundi c. ruina, Lucr.: Vv. 
CONFUSED. 9. indigestus: Ov. 
chap (v-.): A, Trans.: ik 
scindo, scidi, scissum, 3: Cels. , 
diffindo, fidi, fissum, 3: the cold c.s the 
hands, *frigus cutem manuum diffindit. 
B, Intrans.: scindor, scissus, 3: 
the skin c.s, cutis scinditur, Cels. 
chap (subs.): fissura: c.s on the lips, 
labrorum f., Plin. 
chapel: 1, aedicila: Cic. 2. 
sicellum; Cic.: Liv. 3, sacrarium : 
Nep. 4, *capella: M. L. 
chaplain: | 1. *chpellanus (in the 
R. Catholic Ch.): Kr. Q. diacdnus 
(Gr. duaxovos’ & word used of Christian 
ministers generally): Germ. Evang. 
Ch. (Kr.) 
chaplaincy : *sacerdotis munus. 
chaplet: |. Of flowers: ; 
corona: V. WREATH. 9, sertum ; and 
esp. in pl. serta: V- GARLAND, FESTOON. 
(in poetry the name of the plant trom 
the leaves of which the chaplet is con- 
structed is often used alone: as, to en- 
circle the brows with a Cc. of vine-leaves, 
pampino tempora cingere, Hor., so with 
myrto, hedera, etc.). Il. 4. string 
of beads: *japillorum, margaritarum, 
ete. (Vv BEAD), series. 
chapman: caupo: 
KEEPER. 
chapter: _I. 4 division of a book, 
etc. : ], capiit, itis, m.; esp. of the 
divisions or chapters of a law: From the 
first c. of the law to the last, a primo c. 
legis usque ad extremum, ic.: of @ 
book: Cels. (and later Latin, passim). 
9, cipitilum: Tert.: Just. Cod. 
1.4 body of canons : *canonicorum 
collegium (Kr.). 


canons : *(canonicorum) conventus. 


chapter-house: canonicorum ciria 


v. TRADER, SHOP- 


(Kr.). 
char (%.): 1, *in carbonem re- 
digere (i. e. to reduce to charcoal). a 


amburo, ussi, ustum, 3 (i.e. to burn 
anything so that the exterior is charred) : 
v.TO BURN. To become c.’d, carbonesceére. 
Coel. Aur. 

char-woman : mercenaria (?), Oper- 


aria. 

character: J._4 wrtiten: or en 
graved symbol: character, Gris, m.: 
Aug.: V. LETTER. ||, Moral qualities, 


taken collectively: 1, mores, um 
m.: to become acquainted with the entire 
life, disposition, and c. of any one, totam 
vitam, naturam, moresque alicujus cog- 
noscere, Cic.: a speech pourtrays the c. 
of the speaker, mores oratoris effingit 
oratio, Cic.: you have c., eloquence, & 
good name, sunt (tibi) mores et lingua 
fidesque, Hor. 2. habitus, me ( Ce Ge 
peculiar constitution): the prudent man 
does not judge from his own c., but from 


\some external circumstance, prudens 


non ex ipsius habitu, 
externa judicat, Cic.: 
natura (natural disposition): @ bene- 
ficent C., benefica n., Cic.: Hor. 4. 
Animus: i. e. disposition, temper: 4- V- 
Phr.: aman whose C. is as reason 
requires, Vir ita moratus ut ratio pos- 
tulat, Cic. il. Reputation; esp. of 
a good kind : a3 existimatio (esteem, 
repute): a needy man, without -., withe 


sed ex aliqua re 
Phaedr. é 































II]. 4 meeting of 





out property, homo egens, sine eX., sine 
censu, Cic.: to injure any one’s C., ali- 
cujus ex. offendere, Cic. 9. honestas 
(honourable c.): which families I name 
on account of their c. and respectability, 
quas familias honestatis amplitudinis- 
que gratia nomino, Cic. Phr.: of good 
c., honestus: V- HONOURABLE, RESPECT- 
ABLE: @ person of most infamous ©., 
homo flagitiosissimus, Cic. (Sall. has the 
abstract flagitium = flagitiosus: “* flagi- 
tiorum atque facinorum catervae,”” Cat. 
14): to bear @ very bad c., flagrare Tu 
more malo, Hor. S. 1, 4, 125+ Cic.: to 
have got a c. for roguery, turpi fraude 
jnnotuisse, Phaedr.: to care nothing for 
c., fortune, or danger, fidem, fortunas. 
pericula vilia habere, Sall.: V- REPUTA- 
TION. IV. Peculiar or specific nature 
(of things): 1, propriétas: the c. of 
a soil or climate, terrae, coeli p., Liv.: 
vy. CHARACTERISTIC. Q. cdlor (fig.): 
what after all, said he, is that c. of Te- 
finement (to uhich you refer)? qui est, 
inquit, iste tandem urbanitatis c.? Cic.: 
vy. COMPLEXION. 3, habitus, us: the 
c. of a speech, h. orationis, Cic.: Vv. CHA- 
RACTERISTIC. V. affice, capacity : 
1, persona: to assume the c. of @ 
plaintiff, petitoris p. capere, Cic.:| to 
represent the c. of another, alienam p- 
ferre, Liv. 2, partes, ium: the c. of 
a (single) actor, actoris partes, Hor.: v- 
inf. 3, nimérus: im the c. of @ 
soldier, numero militis, Caes. 
A part or personage ; €Sp- in a drama: 
, partes, ium, f.:. he who will 
play the principal c. will be Phormio, 
primas p. qui aget, is erit Phormio, 
‘Ter: the second or inferior C., P- sec- 
undae (or simply secundae), Cic.: Plin. 
Q, persona: the c. of @ parasite, 
parasiti p., Ter-: Gell. 
characteristic (a4j-): 1, pro- 
prius (with gen.): this vice is not ¢. of 
old age, but is common to weakness gene- 
rally, id non Pp. senectutis est vitium, 
sed commune valetudinis, Cic.: to create 
and to produce is chiefly ¢. of art, artis 
maxime p. est creare et gignere, Cic. 
Q. moratus: ac. poem (i.e. abound- 
ing in character), m. poema, Cic.: Hor. 
Phr.. some traits in you arec., others 
common to you and many persons, sunt 
quaedam in te singularia, quaedam tibi 
cum multis communia, Cic.: with his 
c., that is to say, dubious, fidelity, sua, 
id est dubia, fide, Vell. 
characteristic (subs.): 1, pro- 
prium (prop. an adj.: v. supr.): this 
they consider the c. of bravery, 
virtutis existimant, Caes.: Cic ¥ 
habitus, ts: the natural c.s of soils, 
patrii h. locorum, Virg.: more usu. col- 
lectively: Vv. CHARACTER (LV.). 3. 
propriétas: everything has its peculiar 
c.s, Singularium rerum singulae p. sunt 
Cic. 4, Expr. by gen. of the subs. 
denoting that whose c. is spoken of; 
as, it is the c.of a wise judge, sapientis 
a derivative 
beings, 


hoc p. 


adj.; 35, 


humanum est). 5, character, ris : 
v. STYLE. att fy 
characteristically: 1, proprié : 


it is difficult to treat hackneyed sub- 
jects C., difficile est communia p. dicere, 


Hor. 9, ex more suo, tuo, etc.: V- 
MANNER. , y 
characterize : To assign 4 


character to: 1, describo, scripsi, 
scriptum, 3: £0 ¢ any one as a robber 
and assassin, aliquem latronem ac sica- 
rium d., Cic. Q. ndto, I (in bad 
sense): to ©. (vicious persons) witl 
abundant freedom (of the Old Comedy), 


| multa cum libertate notare, Hor.: Vv. TO 


BRAND. To be a distinguishing 
mark of : proprium esse: this one thing 
chiefly c.s an orator, hoc est unum ora- 
toris maxime p., Cic 


eae + aenigma syllabicum 
cT.). 
charcoal: carbo, nis, m.: I will 


make her as black as c., tam atram red- 


dam quam c. est, Ter. Phr.: @ ¢- 
burner, carbonarius, Pl. a small piece 
of C. carbuncilus, Auct. Her. 


A 
* 





CHARGE 





charge (v.): A, Trans: |, 
To wad or burthen: q.v. Phr.: to c. 
a@ gun, *teia, missilia, glandes, pulver- 
emque nitratum tormento (sclopeto) 
ingerere. fj, To rush against, at- 
tack. 1, incurro, curri, and ciicurri, 
cursum, 3 (with dat. or acc.): the in- 
jfantry c.d the wings, peditum signa in- 
cucurrerunt cornibus, Liv.: Tac.: to c. 
the (enemies’) flank, latus (hostium) in., 
Tac.: Sall. (N.B. incurrere in with 
acc. appears to be used only of incur- 
sions into an enemy's country.) 2. 
invado, 3: v. TO ATTACK. 8. irrio, 
rai, 3 (foll. by in): to c. the centre, in 
mediam aciem ir., Cic. 4, signa in- 
féro, tali, latum, 3 (with in and acc., 
or dat.): toc. the enemy, signa in hostes 
in., Caes.: the Romans charge the wa- 
vering foe, trepidantibus inferunt signa 
Romani, Liv.: v. TO ATTACK. Ul. Zo 
place on the debit side; regard as a 
debt : 1, féro, tili, latum, 3 (with the 
perf. part. expensus agreeing with the 
subst.): what did you gain by not c.ing 
it to them? quid proderat tibi te ex- 
pensum illis non tulisse? Cic.: if you 
had c.d those 100,000 sesterces lo me, si 
mibi expensa ista H. 5S. centua: tulisses, 
Cic. Q. inféro, tili, latum, 3: to c. 
an expense to the citizens, sumptum 
civibus inf, Cic.: to c. in accounts, 
Tationibus inf., Col. 3. impit, t: 
bailiffs c. for far more seed-oin than 
they have really sown, villici longe plus 
im. seminis jacti quam quod severint, 
Col.: to c. expenses to any one, sumptus 
alicuiim.,Ulp. Fig.: he perceives that 
the days which are lost, yet c.d to us, are 
vanishing and departing, soles effugere 
atque abire sentit qui nobis pereunt et 
imputantur, Mart. Phr.: toc. a cer- 
tain price for goods, pretium statuere 
merci, Pl.: to c. a fized price, pretium 
certum constituere, Cic. IV. To im- 
pute to, accuse of: 1. arguo, ui, 
utum, 3 (the offence charged is expr. by 
gen., abl., or de; also by acc, and af.) : 
to c. dead men with the greatest wicked- 
ness, Viros mortuos summi sceleris ar., 
Cic.: I do not c. you with this crime, te 
hoc crimine non arguo, Cic.: he is c.d 
with this crime, de eo crimine arguitur, 
Cic.: Roscius is c.d with having killed 
his father, occidisse patrem Roscius ar- 
guitur, Cic. 2. impiito, 1 (with dat. 
of person and acc. of crime imputed): 
the murder should be c.d upon him who 
began the quarrel, ei caedes imputanda 
est a quo jurgium cvepit, Quint.: v. To 
impute. 8, insimiilo, 1 (nsu. of false 
or malicious charges): to c. any one 
with treachery, aliquem proditionis in., 
Caes.: Cic.: to be c.d with the offence of 
treachery, proditionis crimine insimu- 
lari, Liv.: to c. any one falsely, aliquem 
falso in., Cic.: Vv. TO ACCUSE, ASCRIBE. 
VY. To enjoin upon: q. v.: mando, 

1 (with dat. of person and subj.): he 
c.s Volusenus to return to him as soon 
as possible, Voluseno mandat ut ad se 
quam primum revertatur, Caes.: Caesar 
had by letter particularly c.d Trebonius 
not to allow the town to be taken by as- 
sault, Caesar per literas Trebonio mag- 
nopere mandaverat ne per vim oppidum 
expugnari pateretur, Caes. Vi. Zo 
charge any one with some duty: ie 
committo, misi, missum, 3 (foll. by ut 
or ne): the senate c.d him with the re- 
sponsibility of seeing that, etc., senatus 
ei commisit ut videret, efc., Cic.: v. TO 
COMMIT. 2. crédv, 3: Vv. TO ENTRUST. 
3. impono, pdsui, positum, 3 (with 

acc. of thing and dat. of person): loc. 
oneself with severer labours, sibi gravi- 
ores labores im., Caes.: you c.d me with 
the part of defending, vos mihi per- 
sonam imposuistis, ut tuerer, Cic.: v. 
TO IMPOSE CRON. Phr.: to c. any one 
with the oversight of any matter, ali- 
quem negotio praeficere, Cic.: Caes.: v. 
TO APPOINT. B, Intrans.: tomake 
anonset: 1, concurro, curri, cursum, 
3: they c. with presented standards, cum 
infestis signis concurrunt, Sall.: to c. 
from an ambush, ex insidiis c., Liv. 
Q. irruo, 3: we c. with the sword, 


CHARIOT 


irruimus ferro, Virg. 3, invado, 3: 
Vv. TO ATTACK: V. supr. (II1.). 
charge (subs.): , Load, cargo: 
Phr.: the c. of a gun, *embélus: 
I], An onset, attack : 
q. Vv. 1, incursus, iis: to withstand 
c.8 of cavalry, incursus equitum sus- 
tinere, Caes.: to be routed at the first c., 
primo in. pelli, Liv. 9. incursio (less 
freq. in this sense): Cic.: v. INROAD. 
3. concursus, is (the rushing toge- 
ther of two armies): the c. of both 
armies, c. utriusque exercitus, Cues. 
4, impétus, is (a furious onset : 
q. V.): to sustain ac. of swords, im. 
gladiorum excipere, Caes.: to male ac. 
upon the enemy, impetum in hostes 
facere, Caes. Phr.: an impetuous c. of 
cavalry, procella equestris, Liv. Il. 
An injunction, mandate (q. V.): man- 
datum: to give c.s to any ome, alicui 
mandata dare, Cic.: to pay no attention 
to c.s, m. negligere, Ov. Phr.: a 
judge's c., *allocutio judicialis or prae- 
toria. |Y. Oversight, care, duty of 
attending to: 1, ciira (most general 
term): the c. of equipping a legion, 
legionis armandae c., Tac.: thec. of the 
treasury, c. aerarii, Suet. 2. curativ 
(=cura: less freq.): let me look after 
the maiil-servants, which is my c., me 
sinas curare ancillas, quae mea est c., 
Pe 3, titéla (prop. of protection, 
guardianship): to have c. of the door, 
t. januae gerere, Pl.: c. of the highway, 
viae t., Cels. Dig. Phr.: where each 
legate or tribune had c., ubi quisque 
legatus aut tribunus curabat, Sall.: to 
have c. of a business, negotio praeesse, 
Caes.: I give this man in c. to you, 
hunc hominem in tuam custodiam trado, 
PL: v. oFFIcE, DUTY. Y, That which 
ts attended to: 1, ciira (esp. in dat., 
after esse): Caesar promised that that 
matter should be his c., Caesar pollicitus 
est sibieam rem curae futuram, Caes. : 
the boy, my chief c., puer, mea maxima 
cura, Virg. 2. alumnus (one who is 
being nourished and cherished): what 
greater boon could the nurse implore for 
her sweet c.? quid voveat majus dulci 
nutricula alumno? Hor.: Virg.: v. 
FOSTER-CHILD. 3. tutéla (rare): the 
Joremost maidens, the c. of the Delian 
goddess, virginum primae, Deliae tutela 
deae, Hor.: Prop. Yj, Accusation: 
q. v.: crimen, inis, nm. Phr.: a false 
and unjust c., falsa atque iniqua insim- 
ulatio, Cic. Vil. Money to be paid: 
prétium ; sumptus: v. PRICE, EXPENSE. 
chargeable : |. That may be im- 
posed: Phr.: @ tax c. onan estute, *tri- 
butum praedio imponendum. —{j, Sub- 
ject to a burthen or tax: chiefly with 
verb to be; when it may be expr. by 
servire: Cic. Rull. 3, 2,9: Digest. {I}, 
That may be imputed or attributed: y. 
ATTRIBUTABLE. Phr.: this misfortune 
ts c. to our folly, *hoc malum stultitiae 
nostrae imputandum est. [Y, Subject 
or exposed to (e. g. to an accusation) : 
1, obnoxius (with dat.): c. with 
a fault, culpae ob., Ov.: c. with an act, 
ob. facto, Tib. 2. affinis, is (also 
with dat.): c. with guilt, af. noxae, 
Liv.: to adjudge any to be c. with in- 
Jamous conduct, aliquem af. turpitudini 
judicare, Cic.: v. GUILTY, RESPONSIBLE. 
charger: |, 4 large dish: pa- 
téra : Vv. DISH. I], A war-horse, Equus 
bellator: Tac. Ger. 14. 
charily : parcé, maligné: SPARINGLY, 
GRUDGINGLY. 
chariness: Vv. PARSIMONY. 
chariot: 1, currus, ts: to drive 
ac., c, agere, Ov.: to ride inac. drawn 
by four horses, curru quadrigarum vebi, 
Cic.: ac. drawn by two horses, bijugus 
¢c., Lucr.: to upset a c., c. evertere, Curt. 
2, curricilum (@ c. for racing) : 
Tac.: Suet. 3. essédum (prop. a 
war c.; esp. of the Gauls and Britons) : 
Sighting from c.s, ex essedis pugna, 
Caes.: Cic. (The war-e.s of the ancient 
Britons are also called cévini: Lucan.) 
| 4. bigae, arum (contr. from bijiigae: 
| hence, a c. drawn by a pair of horses): 


to ride in ac., bigis vehi, Virg.: to yoke | 


CHARM 





ac. and pair, bigas jungere, Plin, Less 
freq. in the sing.: Tac.: Stat. (We 
also find the uncontr. forms bijugae, 
bijugi; but mostly in the poets: Virg.) 
5, quadrigae, arum (— quadrijugae : 
hence, a c. and four): to yoke a c. and 
Jour, q. jungere, Plin.: Virg. Phr.: 
c. horses (i. e. for c. races in the circus), 
equi citrales, Liv.: v. CARRIAGE. 
charioteer : 1, auriga: Caes.: 
ic.: Virg. quadrigarius (the 
driver of a four-horsed chariot ; esp. in 
the circus): Varr.: Cic. The word also 
occurs as an adj.; as, in the guise of a 
c., quadrigario habitu, Suet. 3, agi- 
tator (esp. of c.s in the public games): 
PL = Cic: 4, esstdarius (of the com- 
batants in war-c.s): Caes.: Cic. 5. 
cOvinarius (i. q. essedarius): Tac. 
chariot-race: (?) curriciilum (equo- 
rum): Hor. Od. 1, 1, 3: Liv. 45, 33 
(but the phrase perhaps is equally ap- 
plicable to simple horse-races), Pnr.: 
to be a driver in a c., quadrigas agitare, 
Suet. 
charitable: |. Liberal, boun- 
tiful: bénignus, bénéticus: v. BENEVO- 
LENT, KIND. I]. Lenient in judg- 
ments ; no exact word; perhaps mitis is 
the nearest: cf. Tac. Agr. 16: “Tur- 
pilianus delictis hostium novus eoqne 
poenitentiae mitior:’’ y. GENTLE. 
Phr.: to put the more c. construction 
upon a thing, aliquid in mitiorem par- 
tem interpretari, Cic.: V. CHARITY. 
_charitableness : |. OF giving 
liberally : bénignitas: v. KINDNESS, 
GENEROSITY, i]. The disposition to 
Jorm kindly judgments : *animus mitis; 
animus qui omnia in mitiorem (meli- 
orem) partem interpretari solet; judi- 
cium facile ac benignum: v. CHA- 
RITABLE. 
charitably: |. Of bounty: ben- 
igné: v. KINDLY. Il. Of kindly, 
charitable feeling: miti animo; in mi- 
tiorem partem: Vv, CHARITABLE. 
charity : 1, Cho istian love: cari- 
tas (charitas): Vulg. 1 Cor. xiii.: Aug. 
I]. The spirit of generous allowance 
Jor others: V. CHARITABLENESS (I1.). [I]. 
Alms: q.v. N.B.—The word charity 
being expressive of a Christian senti- 
ment cannot be expressed with entire 
accuracy in a classical prae-Christian 
language. The words given in this and 
the preceding articles must be regarded 
as approximative. 
charlatan: |. A quack doctor: 
1. circitilator: Cels.: Sen. . 
pharmacopola circumfdranéus:  Cic. 
Il. A pretender to skill or know- 
ledge which he does not possess: 1 


ostentator: Pl.: Liv. 2, jactator: 
Quint, 
charlatanry: |. Medical quaclery: 


*médicina ciretilatoria, ||, Pretence to 

skill or knowledge: 1, ostentatio: 

Cic. Q. circiilatoria jactatio: Quint. 
Charles’-wain; plaustrum: Ov.: 

Vv. BEAR. 

pcharlock (a plant): lapsina: Cels.; 
in. 


charm (subs.): |. Spell, fascina- 
tion (q. V.): 1, carmen: c.s can even 
bring down the moon from the sky, c. 
vel coelo possunt deducere lunam, 
Virg.: Hor. 2. vox, vocis, f.: to 
bring down the moon by c.s, deripere 
lunam vocibus, Hor. 3. cantio: Cic. 
4. cantus, iis: Tib.: Ov. 5, in- 
cantatio (rare): magic c.s, magicae in, 
Firm. (N.B.— All the above words 
denote charms said or sung.) 6. 
fJascinum (v. Lat. Dict. s. v.): Gell: 
Symm. 7. amilétum: v. AMULET. 
Phr.: the snake ts made to burst asun- 
der by.c.s, rumpitur anguis cantando, 
Virg. ||. Pleasing influence, grace: 
1, gratia: the c. of beauty, g. formae, 
Ov.: the c. of the Attic language, g. 
sermonis Attici, Quint. 2. biandi- 
mentum (of that which wins upon and 
Jlatters): the cs of life, vitae b., Tac. 
8, blanditia (— No. 2): Cic.: Quint. 

4, décor, dris, m. (only of personal 


charms): Hor.: Ov. 5, dulcédo 
(sweetness, deliciousness): the c. of glory, 
117 


CHARM 


CHAS TET? 


CHEAT 





gloriae d., Cic.: by some unaccountable 
¢., nescio qua d., Virg.. the c. of love, 
amoris d., Virg. 6. lépor and lépos, 
oris, m. (esp. of c. and elegance of man- 
ners): the games had not even that c., 
ludi ne id quidem leporis habuerunt, 
Cic.: the whole c. of life, omnis vitae 1., 
Plin.: abounding in every c. and grace, 
affluens omni |. ac venustate, Cic. rf 
vénustas: v. LOVELINESS, GRACE. 
charm (v.): |. To affect or influ- 
ence by supernatural means: Vv. TO BE- 
WITCH, ENCHANT. Phr.: lo have a 
charmed life, *vitam divinitus munitam, 
deorum ope in omnem vim tutam, eer 
ere. |l. Zo allay, assuage: 4q. 

1. delénio, 4: to c. the Veneer 
men, animos hominum d., Cic.: to c. 
any one with a song, aliquem carmine 
d., Ov. Q. récanto, 1 (to c. away): to 
c. away cares, curas r., Ov. Ill. Zo 
delight : capio, cépi, captum, 3: to be 
c.’d by the sweetness of a sound, vocis 
dulcedine capi, Ov.: thee another's wife 
c.s, te capit aliena conjux, Hor.: Cic.: 
Vv. TO DELIGHT, PLEASE. 

charmer: |, An enchanter : q. v. 

I]. One who delights : 1. deéli- 
ciae: Pl.: Cic.: Virg. 2. voluptas: 
my c., meav., Pl.: Virg. 

charming (svbs.): fascinatio, effas- 
cinatio: v. FASCINATION, CHARM. 

charming (adj.): 1, Aamoenus 
(esp. to the eye): c. places, ain. loca, 
Sall.: c. shade, am. umbra, Ov.: a c. 
picture, am. pictura, Plin. 2. bellus 
(pretty, elegant): a very c. girl, bellis- 
sima puella, Cic. 3, dulcis, e (delight- 
Jul): @ c. speaker, d. orator, Ciek ‘c: 
poems, d poemata, Hor.. a very c. 
letter, dulcissima epistola, Cic. 4. 
suavis (in this sense = dulcis): v. DE- 
LIGHTFUL. 5, lépidus (of aah 
charming manners): I was handsome, 
c.. fui ego bellus, lepidus, Pl.: O most 
c. little creature! o capitulum lepidis- 
simum! Ter. 6. vénustus, pulcher: 
Vv. BEAUTIFUL, LOVELY. 7. gratus: 
Vv. PLEASING. 

charmingly : 1, lépide (prop. 
tastefully; with elegance of manner): 
a c. dressed sister, |. ornata soror, Pl. : 
charmingly (as an expression of admira- 
tion), lepide! Ter. 2. vénusté 
(gracefully: q.v.): Quint.: Sen. 3 
bellé (v. NICELY): Cic. 4, festive 
(faceté) : v. MERRILY. 

charnel-house: ossiiarium: Ulp. 

chart: *tabila nautica: v. Map. 

charter (swvbs.): i. e. an instrument 
conferring privileges: diploma, Atis, 
n. (in ancient times usu. of a letter of 
privilege granted to individuals): to 
sign a c., d. signare, Suet. 

charter (v.): |. To grant a 
charter to: prob. only in part. char- 
tered (q. V.). Il. To hire (a ship): 
condiico, duxi, ductum, 25 Cie] Hor: 

charter-party: *pactum (syngra- 
pha) de navi conducenda. 

chartered: Enjoying a charter: 
diplomate donatus. Phr.: a c. liber- 
tine (Shaks.), adulter immunis (?): a ec. 
fool, *cui omnia ridicula impune eloqui 
licet. 

chary: parcus: v. SPARING. Phr.: 
you are c. of fetching down the wine-jar 
from the loft, parcis deripere horreo 
amphoram, Hor. 

chase (v.): to hunt, pursue (q. v.): 
vénor; sector, agito. Phr.: c. away 
cares with wine, vino pellite curas, 
Hor.: the winds c. away the clowdls, 


fugant flamina nubes, Ov.: v. TO DRIVE 
AWAY. 

chase, or chace (subs.): |, Hunt- 
ing: 1, venatio: fowling and the 


c., aucupium atque venatio, Cic.: the 
Suevi are much engaged in the c., Suevi 
multum sunt in venationibus, Caes. 

9. venatus, is: exertion in the c., 
labor in venatu, Cic.: Virg. 3. (very 
freq.): expr. by ger. or other part of 
verb (vénor); as, fondness for the c., 
venandi studium, Cic.: to be devoted to 
the c., venandi studiosum esse, Cic.: v 
HUNTING. Phr.: a dog fit for the c., 
canis véndticus, Cic.; c. venatorius, 

118 





PL: beasts suited for the c., ferae: v. 
GAME. J, Pursuit: q.v. {I. 4 
district stored uith game : 1, septum 
venationis: Varr. 2. saltus, us (a 
term applicable to wooded country gen- 
erally). to surround a c. with nets and 
to rouse it with dogs, sepire plagis sal- 
tum, canibusque ciere, Lucr.. Virg. 

chase (v.): to engrave: caelo, I: 
magnificent and expensively c.d vases, 
vasa magnifica et pretiose caelata, Cic. : 
to c. shields with gold and silver, c. 
scuta auro et argento, Liv.: to c. any- 
thing on gold, c. aliquid in auro, Virg. 
Phr.: @ tool for c.-ing, caelum: v. 
GRAVER: c.d work or the art of chasing, 
caelatura: Cic.: Quint.: also, caela- 
men, and pl. caelamina (the worl). Ov. : 
Plin. 

chaser: an engraver: caelator: Cic. : 

uv. 


chasing (of metals): caelatira: 
Quint.: Plin.: v. TO CHASE. 
chasm: 1, hiatus, is: the earth 


having opened he descended into the c., 
quum terra discessisset, in h. descendit, 
Cic.: Virg.: v. CLEFT. 9. chasma, 
atis, n.: Sen. 8. spécus, is: the 
forum is said to have opened in a huge 
¢., forum s. vasto collapsum dicitur, 
Liv. (v. CAVERN): in the next sentence 
Livy applies the term vorago to the 
same chasm or gulf (q. v.). Phr.: the 
earth opens in a c., terra discedit, dis- 
silit: v. TO CLEAVE ASUNDER. 
chaste: |. Qf morals: 1, cas- 
tus (having ref. to purity in general: 
v. PURE): c. Minerva, c. Minerva, Hor.: 
ac. expression of countenance, c. vultus, 
Ov.: a c. house, c. domus, Cat. 2) 
pudicus (of purity in the relations of 
sex): the c. blush even to speak about 
chastity, erubescunt pudici etiam loqui 
de pudicitia, Cic.: ¢. Hippolytus, p. Hip- 
polytus, Hor.: c. Penelope, p. Penelope, 
Hor.: @ c. house, p. domus, Cic.: c. 
manners, p. mores, Pl.: Ov. Wh. & 
style and language - 1, purus: ac. 
and perspicuous style, p. et candidum 
(illustre) genus dicendi, Cic.: a concise 
and c. style, pressus sermo p.que, Plin. 
Ep. (Purus is also used to designate 
language free from barbarisms: Cic.) 
2. pressus (i. e. pruned; bare of 
ornament) : instead of being c., they be- 
come meagre, fiunt pro pressis exiles, 
Quint.: Cic. (who applies the term to 
the style of Thucydides). 3. castus : 
an exceedingly c. style, sermo castissi- 
mus, Gell. 4. émendatus: i.e. gene- 
rally faultless: q.v. Phr.: a c. style 
of painting, * genus pingendi purum ac 
lenociniis carens. 
chastely: _|. Of morals: 1, 
casté: Cic. Q. piidice (for the dis- 
tinction, see CHASTE): Ter.: Cat.: Plin. 
. Of style: 1, casté, pure: 
Gell. (both words referring chiefly to 
the absence of barbarisms). 2. 
pressé (i. e. oe studied avoidance of 
ornament) : 
chasten: hee. v. TO CHASTISE, 
chasteness : |. i. q. chastity : 
q. Vv. I]. Purity of style: usu. to be 
expr. by an adj.; as, Caesar was 
remarkable for the p. of his style, Cae- 
sar castissimi sermonis fuit, Gell.: v. 
cHaASTE (I1.). 
chastening (subs. : 
MENT. 
chastise : 1, castigo, 1: to c. 
boys with words and stripes, c. pueros 
verbis verberibusque, Cic. 2. punio, 
4: V. TO PUNISH. 8, (in pass.) : plec- 
tor, 3: we are deservedly c.d, merito 
plectimur, Phaedr. : Hor. 
chastisement: 1. castigatio: to 
infiict c., aliquem castigatione afficere, 
Cic.: to sudmit to c., c. accipere, Sen. 
2. animadversio: fatherly c., pat- 
erna an., Cic.: Vv. PUNISHMENT. 


Vv. CHASTISE- 


chastiser: castigator: Liv.: Hor. 
(or expr. by part. of castigo): v. 
PUNISHER. 


chastity : 1. piidicitia (sexual 
purity): on this side c., on that, lust, 
hine p., illinc stuprum, Cic.: to do vio- 
lence to any one’s c., p. alicui eripere, 








Cic.: c. and modesty, p. et pudor, PL 
Q. castitas (purity generally: q. v.): 
Cic.: Tac. 8. castimonia (esp. of the 
purity of ministers of religion): Cic. : 
Liv. 4, pudor: i. e. modesty gene- 
Tally: q. v. 
chat (v.): 
GOSSIP. 
chat (subs.): familiaris sermo: to 
havea c. with any one, familiares cum 
aliquo conferre sermones, Cic. Phr.: 
while we are having a c., interea dum 
sermones caedimus, Ter. 
chattel: 1, res mancipi (a term 
applied in law to property transferable 
by awe contract of sale): Cic.: Gai. 
(only in pl.)}: bona, orum (the 
oe gen. term): v. GooDs. 3, mo- 
biles res or mobilia bona (moveables) : 
Ulp.; also res méventes (a rare expres- 
sion), Liv. 5, 25. 
chatter (».): |. Zo utter inar- 
ticulate sounds: balbutio, 4: the black- 
bird sings in the summer, c.s in the 
winter, canit aestate, hieme b. merula, 
Plin.: Cic.: v. TO BABBLE. Few ts 
talk nonsense: garrio, balbitio, effiitio 
v. TO BABBLE. Ill. Zo clatter toge- 
ther (of the teeth): 1, crépito, 1. 
my teeth c., crepito dentibus, Pl.: Ov 
2. strideo, 2; or strido, 3: the pa- 
tient’s teeth c., aeger dentibus stridet, 
Cels. 
chatter, chattering (subs) |. 
An inarticulate noise; esp. of birds: 
1, clamor: the c. of cranes, c. 
gruum, Lucr.: v. NOISE. Q. clangor . 
applied to the noise made by various 
birds, as, cranes, Stat.; sparrows, Cic. ; 
geese, Liv: ||. Idle talk: garrilitas: 
v.: Quint.: Vv. BABBLE. Ill. 4 notse 
made by the teeth: 1, crépitus, ts 
ac, of the teeth, dentium c., Cic. 
stridor: a c. of the teeth, s. dentium, Cels. 
chatterbox: lingtilaca: Pl.: Gell. 
chattering (adj.): garrilus: a c. 
tongue, g. lingua, Ov.: the c. rook, g. 
cornix, Ov.: the c. swallow, g. hirundo, 
Virg.: v. TALKATIVE. 
chatty; garriilus: v. TALKATIVE. 
cheap: vilis, e: cheaper provisions, 
annona vilior, Pl.: corm was cheaper, 
frumentum vilius erat, Cic. Fig.: our 
life would be c. in your esteem, tibi vilis 
vita esset nostra, Liv. Very c., pervilis, 
Liv. Phr.: ¢. provisions, laxa annona, 
Liv.: things all at once became so c., 
tanta repente vilitas anuonae secuta 


fabiilor, garrio: v. To 


est, Cic.: to hold a thing c., aliquid parv: 
facere, pendere: v. TO VALUE. 
cheapen: minore pretio quam 


postulatur liceri: ef. Cic. Off. 3, 15. 

cheap, cheaply (adv.): _1, bené. 
to buy c., b. emere, Cic. (i.e. to buy 
advantagevusly ; bene vendere is to sell 
to advantage, i.e. dear). Q. vili (abl. 
of vilis; pretio being understood) : to 
buy c., v. emere, Pl. 8, viliter: Pl.: 
Plin. Phr.: landed estates may be 
bought c., jacent praemia praediorum, 
Cic.: to farm the taxes c., vectigalia 
parvo pretio redempta habere, Caes.: J 
sell my property not more dearly than 
others, perhaps more c., vendo meum non 
pluris quam ceteri, fortasse etiam mi- 
noris, Cic.: to live c., *parvo sumptu 
(parvis sumptibus) vivere: v. EXPENSE. 

cheanvness: Vilitas: c. of provisions, 
v. annonae, Cic.: was this the c. which 
lowered the value of our farm produce ? 
haeccine erat quae nostros fructus mi- 
nuebat v ? Ter. 

cheat (v.): 1, fraudo, 1: Caecilius 
was c.d by Varius of a great sum of 
money, C.a Vario magna pecunia frau- 
datus est, Cic.: to c. the soldiers of the 
plunder, milites praeda f., Liv.: to c. 
one’s creditors, creditores f, Cic. Q 
émungo, munxi, munctum, 3 (comice: 
lit. to wipe a man’s nose for him): I 
have c.’d the old men out of money, 
emunxi argento senes, Ter.: Hor. 3. 
circumeo, 4 (to get round, outwit) : tt is 
a disgraceful thing to be so c. ’d, facinus 
indignum sic circumiri, Ter. : Virg. : 
Tac. 4, circumscribo, scripsi, scrip- 
tum, 3 (esp. of cheating by law tricks): 
to c. young lads, adulescentulos c., Cic.: 





o 


CHEAT 





Juv. 
4 (to overreach) : he has been c.’d out of 
his momey, circumventus est pecunia, 
Cic.- Liv.: v, TO DEFRAUD, DECEIVE. 
cheat (subs.): |. Fraud, deceit : 
q. v.: fraus. |], One who cheats: 1, 
fraudator: Cic. 2, circumscriptor (cf. 
TO CHEAT, 4): Cic.: Juv. 3. fraus, 
fraudis (abstract for concrete) ; PL.: 
Ter.: Vv. ROGUE. 
cheater: fraudator. v. preced. art. 
picbeating (subs.): 1, rraudatio: 
2. circumscriptio: Cic.: v. 
eater. 
check (v.): |. 70 hold in anything 
in motion (cf. also inf. 1L.): 1, inhibeo, 
2: toc. willing steeds, volentes equos 
in., Ov.: toc. the flow of blood, cruorem 
in., Ov.: to c. an onset, impetum in., 
Liv. 2. cdhibeo, 2: stronger than 
the preceding: v. TO RESIRAIN. 3: 
téneo, contineo, rétineo, sustineo: all 
of which signify to bring a thing toa 
stand-still; whereas inhibeo is only 
partially to arrest the progress of: V 
TO HOLD BACK, STOP. 4, rétardo, 1 
(to slacken the speed of ): to hold in and 
c. oxen forcibly, boves fortiter retinere 
ac r., Col.: toc. the onset of the enemy, 
hostium impetum r., Cic.: v. TO RE- 
TARD. 5, tardo, 1 (i. q. retardo): to 
c. the speed of pursuit, celeritatem inseq- 
uendi t., Hirt.: Caes.: toc. the speed of 
winged fate, volucris fati alas t., Hor. 
6. moror, 1: v. TO DELAY, HINDER. 
IJ. To give a check or rebuff to; 
diminish the force of; impair the ac- 
tivity of: 1, reprimo, pressi, pres- 
sum, 3: Jam aware that this pest of the 
commonwealth may be c.'d for a time, 
but not for ever kept down, intelligo 
hane reipublicae pestem paullisper re- 
primi, non in perpetuum comprimi 
posse, Cic.: to c. any one’s attempts, 
conatus alicujus r., Cic.. owr soldiers 
c’d their course, nostri milites cursum 
represserunt, Caes, 2. comprimo, 3 
(stronger than preceding ; see first ex.): 
Vv. TO RESTRAIN, PUT DOWN. 8, sup- 
primo, 3 (almost — reprimo): to c. an 
enemy, hostem s., Caes.: to c. the im- 
petuosity of soldiers, militum impetum 
s, Liv.: to c. anger, iram s., Liv.: v. 
TO SUPPRESS, CONTROL. 4, contineo, 
tinui, tentum, 2: foc. rashness, temeri- 
tatem c., Cic.: V TO RESTRAIN. ee 
infringo, ieee fractum, 3 (to breale the 
force of): c, attempts, conatus in., 
Caes. : Gee Vv. TO BAFFLE. 6. ré- 
tundo, tiidi, tiisum, 3 (lit. to beat bach): 
to c. exuberant spirits, animum qui 
diffiluat r., Ter.: to c. pride, superbiam 
r., Phaedr. : to c. a colleague, collegam 
r., Tac. 7, mollio, 4 (lit. to soften; 
hence, to tame down, moderate) : he c.d 
Hannibal by his endurance, Hannibalem 
patientia sua molliebat, Cic. 8, sédo, 
1: to c. a pestilence, pestilentiam s., 
Liv.: Vv. TO ALLAY, RESTRAIN. 9, re- 
fraeno, 1: v. TO BRIDLE. Phr.:; to ce. 
the expression of one’s passion, animo 
et orationi moderari, Cic. (v. TO CON- 
TROL): to c. crimes, crimina resecare 
(lit. to amputate them), Juv. I. Ze 
compare accounts: dispungo, xi, ctum, 
3: to c. is to compare the receipts and 
the disbursements, d. est conferre ac- 
cepta et data, Ulp.; rationes expensorum 
et acceptorum d., Sen. 
check (subs.) : |. Restraint, hin- 
drance: q. v. N.B.—To be a c., act as 
ac, upon, may be expressed by any of 
the verbs for to check: q. v. tl. 4 
slight rebuff : 1, incommédum (lit. 
disadvantage: q. v.): to make up for 
the c. received by their valour, in. vir- 
tute sarcire, Caes. (with reference to 
Pompey’s success at Dyrrachium). Q. 
détrimentum (lit. loss: q. v.): a term 
used by Caes. in the passage above re- 
ferred to, as synon. with incommodum - 
B. C. 73. 8, répulsa (usu. of repulse 
wn canvassing for office: q.v.). Fig.: 
all turns to sadness after re- 
ceiving a check, in tristitiam omnis ira 
post r. revolvitur, Sen. Phr.: to ex- 
perience @ C., nonnibil, aliquantulum 
cladis accipere (Vv. DISASTER): retundi 


5, circumvénio, véni, ventum, | 





CHEERLESS 


(v. TO cHECK, II. 6). Ul. 7. t. in 
chess: Phr.: to give c., *regi minari: 
c. to your king, *regi cave: v. CHECK- 
MATE. IV. A written order for the 
payment of money: V. CHEQUE 
An order for admission to a theatre, 
etc., tesséra: Suet.: Mart. 

checker : Vv. CHEQUER 

check-mate: Pbhr.: togivec., reg- 
em ad (extremas) incitas redigere: cf 
Pl. Poen. 4, 2, 85: *regem undique in- 
clusum tenere. 

cheek: 1. géna (usu. plu.): hairy 
c.8, pilosae g., Cic.: smooth c., impubes 
g., Ov.: Hor. 2. bucca (of the cheek 
when puffed out with eating, speaking, 
etc.): to puff out the c.s, buccas sufflare, 
Pl.; b. inflare, Hor. (in token of pas- 
sion): c.s dripping with white paint, 
fluentes cerussataeque b., Cic. 3. 
malae, arum (prop. the cheek-bones): c.s 
without hair, m. impubes, Virg. 

cheek-bone : 1, mala : 
Virg. 2. maxilla: Cic.: Plin. 

cheer (v.): |. To gladden, en- 
liven : ], hilaro, 1 (infreq.): to c. 
the senses, sensus h., Cic.: Ov. 2A 
exhiliro, 1 (stronger than simple verb) : 
to c. labourers at their work, in ipso 
opere ex. laborantes, Col.: Cic. 3 
recré0, I: V. TO REVIVE, REFRESH. 4, 
diffundo, fiidi, fasum, 3 (fig.: lit. to ex- 
pand): to c. the mind (with wine), 
animos d., Ov.: the opposite term is 
contraho: y. Cic. Am. 13, 48. 
érigo, rexi, rectum, 3 (to lift up, raise 
Jrom despondency) : a c. the mind when 
downcast and depressed, e. animum jam 
demissum et depressum, Cic.: v. TO EN- 
COURAGE, GLADDEN. Phr.: cheer up! 
bono animo es! Cic.: v. CHEER (subs.) 

I]. Yo salute or encourage with 

shouts: plaudo: v. TO CLAP, APPLAUD. 
Phr.: that was cheered with incredible 
enthusiasm, id incredibili clamore et 
plausu comprobatum est, Cic.: Caesar 
was c.’d when he refused the crown, 
eas diadema cum plausu rejiciebat, 

ic 

cheer (subs.): |. A shout of joy 
or approbation : 1. clamor (the 
exact sense being shown by the con- 
text): the c.s of the soldiers, clamor 
militum gaudentium, Tac.: J took my 
place on the rostra amid toud c.s, maxi- 
mo c. et plausu in rostris collocatus 
sum, Cic.: what c.s he excites! quantos 
is plausus et clamores movet! Cic.; v. 
ACCLAMATION. 2. plausus, us: v. 
APPLAUSE. ||. State of mind: Phr.: 
be of good c., bono es animo, ades ani- 
mo, Cic.: what c.? quid tibi est animi? 
Cic. Il]. Zntertainment, provisions : 
Phr.: good ¢., coena lauta, Cic.: poor 
c., tenuis victus, Cic.: v. FARE. 

cheerful: 1, Alacer, cris, cre 
(brisk, lively, q. v.): we avec. in dispo- 
sition, a. animo sumus, Cic. 2. 
hilaris, e; and hilarus (perh. rather 
stronger than the Eng.: v. MERRY): the 
sad dislike the c., the merry, the sad, 
oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque 
jocosi, Hor.: c. guests, convivae bilari, 
Cic.: ac. and glad countenance, vultus 
bilaris atque laetus, Cic.: a c. life, 
hilara vita, Cic. 3. rémissus (un- 
bent, relaxed): with the gloomy to live 
morosely, with the c. pleasantly, cum 
tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde 


Cels. : 


vivere, Cic. 4, laetus: v. JOYFUL. 
cheerfully : |. Merrily : 1, 
hilaré: to live c., h. vivere, Cic. 9. 


laeté : Vv. JOYFULLY. 1. Very wil- 
lingly : 1, libens, ntis (in agree. with 
subject): I am unzious to hear, for I 
listen to youc., studeo audire, nam te 


ausculto lubens, Pl.: Cic.  Q, libenter: 

Cic.: Caes.: V.GLADLY. 3, dlacriter: 

Amm. f 
cheerfulness: __ 1. alacritas (live- 


liness, briskness): Cic.: Liv. 9, hil- 
aritas: Ihave lost for ever that c., with 
which we used to temper the sadness of 
the present times, b. illam qua hanc tris- 
titiamm temporum condiebamus, in per- 
petuum amisi, Cic. 

cheerless: illaetabilis, e: the c. 
shore, il, ora, Virg.: Sen.: v. SAD. 








CHESS 


], caséus: Cic.: Caes.- 
to make 


cheese: 
to bi c.,c. premere, Virg. 
Cs facere, Varr.: to mould cs, 
(ees Plin.: a small c., casédlus, 
Virg. 9, pressum lac: Virg. 
cheese-cake: savillum: Cato. 
cheesemonger : caseorum venditor. 
cheesepress: torciilum c4-¢irinm. 


cheesy: caséatus: Apul. 
chemical : chemicus: Leibn. 
chemise: indislum: Varr.: a c- 
maser, ndaisiarius: Pl. 
chemist: 1. *clemicus: M.L. 
*péritus chemiae: v. CHEMISTRY. 
3. = seller of drugs, pharmicd- 
pola, m.: Cic. 
chemistry: *chemia or chymia: 
Leibn. 
cheque: 1, perscriptio: Cic. (cf. 


Phr.). 2. delégatio: to pay by a 
c., delegatione et verbis solutionem per- 
ficere, Sen. Phr.: f wrote cs for my 
creditors, argentum perscripsi illis qui- 
bus debui, Ter.: Cic. 
chequer: Lit: 
arrange like a chess-board : 
cunciali ordine distinguere, disponere: 
v. Plin. 17, 11, 15: cf. CHEQUER-WISE. 
9. (in less exact sense): variv, 1: 
to c. the disk (of the sun) with spots, 
maculis v. orbem, Virg. |]. Fig.: to 
vary: 1. misceo, 2: to c. weddings 
with mourning, luctu m. hymenaeos, 
Virg.: v. TO MINGLE, CONFUSE. 7. 
vario, I: V. TO ALTERNATE. (Tbe verb 
chiefly occurs in p. part. chequered - 
used as adj.: q. Vv.) 
chequered : |, Lit.: cf. To 
CHEQUER (L.): 1, in quincuncem s. 
quincunciali ordine distinctus:  v. 
CHEQUER-WISE. 2. (in less exact 
sense): varius: c. stones (of pavements 
wrought with mosaic, etc.), v. lapides, 


to mark or 
1. quin- 


Hor.- comice: sides c. with the lash, 
latera Icris v., Pl.: Vv. VARIEGATED. 
|l. Fig.: varius: c. fortune, v. 


fortuna, Cic.: with c. success, varia vic- 
toria, Sall.: Liv. 

cheauer-wise: in quincuncem (i. e. 
as the points were arranged to denote 
five unciae, :*: ): to arrange c., in q. 
dirigere, Cic ; in q. disponere, Col.: a 
c. arrangement, quincuncialis ordo, 
Plin. 

cheauer-work: 
LATED. 

cherish: To treat tenderly or con- 
suderately : 1, fovéo, fovi, fo- 
tum, 2: eo c. their young ones with 
their wings, gallinae pullos pennis f.. 
Cie.: Shey c’d my enemy, inimicum 
meum fovebant, Cic. Fig.: to c. la- 
lents and the arts, ingenia et artes f., 
Suet.: to c. hope, spem f., Mart.: Ov. 

2. cdlo, ui, cultum, 3 (less strong 

and expressive than foveo): Jupiter ©.s 
and nourishes manicind, Jupiter genus 
c. alitque hominum, PI.: v. TO FOSTER. 
Fig.: to c. the love of virginity, vir- 
ginitatis amorem c., Virg. 3. am- 
plector, plexus, 3 (fig.: lit. to embrace) : 
to c. virtue, virtutem am., Cic. Phr.: 
toc. animosities with anyone, inimicitias 
cum aliquo gerere: to c. remole hopes, 


Vv. MOSAIC, TESSE- 


spem inchoare longam, Hor.: v. TO EN- 
TERTAIN. ; 
cherisher: J, fautor. Cic.: Hor. 


cultor: Cic.: Liv.: Ov. (Or 

more usu. expr. by means of verb: ¥ 

preceding art.) 
cherry: 

cérasus, i, f.: 

os cerasi, Pall. 


cherry-tree : cérisus, i, f.: Phn.: 
Ov.: a dwarf c., chimaecérasus, 1, f. - 


Plin. 
cherub: chérub, pl. chérabim : Hier. 


J, cérasum: Cels. 9. 
Prop.: Plin.: @ ¢. stone, 


chervil: _ 1. anthriscus, i, f., or 
anthriscum: Plin. 9, caeréfolium : 
Plin. 


chess: *scacci, orum: to play at c., 
scaccos (scaccis) ludere, Matthew of 
Westm.: but the word is of course 
barbarous, being derived from the Ver- 
sian word for king, SHAH: and except 
where absolute precision is required, the 
general term latrunculi (prop. little 
soldiers or “ men”) way be preferable : 

119 


CHEST 


CHILD 


CHIMERA 





a c.-board, scaccarium: M.L. (or simply 
tabulae): @ collection of works on c., 
bibliotheca scaccaria : M.L. 

chest: |. For keeping things in: 
arca, armarium, cista, etc.: v. BOX. 
Phr.: the military c., aerarium mili- 
tare. Tac.: Vv. TREASURY. Il. The 
cavity in the body containing the heart 
and lungs : ], thorax, acis, m.: 
Plin.: Cels, 2. praecordia, orum : 
the diaphragm separates the c. from the 
belly, transversum septum a praecordiis 
uterum diducit, Cels.: v. also BREAST, 
BOSOM. 


chestnut: J, castiinéa: Virg.: 
Plin. 2. glans, glandis, f.: Cic.: 
Virg. 

chestnut-tree; castanéa: Col.: 


lin.: @ grove of c.-trees, castanétum, 
Coil. 

chestnut-colored: badius: Varr. 

chevaux - de -frise: 1, cervi, 
orum: Caes. B. G. 7, 72: Liv. ). 
éricius: Caes. B. C. 3, 67. 

chevalier: éques: v. KNIGHT. 

chew: 1, mando, di, mansum, 3: 
the food ts c.’d by the teeth, and by them 
is masticated and ground, dentibus 
manditur, atque ab his extenuatur 
et molitur cibus, Cic.: some animals 
swallow their food whole, others c., ani- 
malia alia vorant, alia m., Cic.: asses c. 
very slowly, asini lentissime m., Plin.: 
Virg. 92, mandiico, 1 (less frequent) : 
Varr.: Sen. Phr.: to c. the cud, ram- 
inc, 1: V. TO RUMINATE. 

chicane (swbs.): calumnia (i. e. ma- 
licious accusation or use of the law: 
malicious craft: Gr. ovkodavtia): a 
kind of c., and excessively ingenious 
but malicious interpretation of law, c. 
quaedam et nimis callida sed malitiosa 
juris interpretation, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33: to 
usec.,c. adhibere, Cic. (N.B.—The verb 
calumnior appears to be used only in 
its more proper sense of to accuse ma- 
liciously. ‘The term praevaricatio is 
applicable only to the kind of c. which 
consists in collusion on the part of an 
accuser.) V. CRAFT, ARTIFICE. 

chicane (v.): calumniam adhibere: 
v. subs. 

chicaner: cf. CHICANE (subs.). N.B. 
Calumniator and praevaricator appear 
to be used only in special sense. the 
former, a malicious accuser: the latter, 
a dishonest, collusive accuser. 

chicanery : Vv. CHICANE. 

chick, chicken: pullus: Cic.: 
Hor.: more precisely, pullus gallina- 
ceus, Liv. Also used as a term of en- 
dearment: Pl.: Hor.: Suet. 

chicken-pox: *varicella: M.L. 

chickling-vetch: (?) cicéra, cicér- 
tila, Col.: v. VETCH. 

chick-pea: cicér, éris, ”.: Hor.: 
Plin 


chick-weed: (?) alsiné, és, f.: Plin. 

chicory : cichérium intibum: Plin. 

chide: 1, incrépito, 1: having 
added, chiding (of Romulus slaying Re- 
mus), quum verbis quoque increpitans 
adjecisset, Liv.: cing the late swmmer 
and loitering zephyrs, aestatem increpi- 
tans seram, Zephyrosque morantes, 
Virg.: v. TO REBUKE, RAIL AT. 2). 
objurgo, 1 (usu. to reproach, vate: q.v.) 
friends must often be warned and chid- 
den, monendi amici saepe sunt et objur- 
gandi, Cic.: Caesar c.d my modesty, 
Caesar meam verecundiam objurgavit, 
Cic. Q. corripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (to 
ce. sharply): to c. anyone's timidity, ali- 
cujus timiditatem c., Suet.: Ov.: v. To 
UPBRAID, BLAME. 

chider (rare): objurgator: Cic. 

chiding (adj.): objurgatorins: a ce. 
latter, ob. epistola, Cic. 

chiding (swbs.): objurgatio v. 
FROOF, 

chief (adj.) : 1. primus (of that 
which takes the precedence: only to be 
used when the context excludes ambi- 
guity: v FIRST} wnquestionably the c. 
man in his borough, sui municipii facile 
primus, Cic.; esp. in poet. the c. of the 
young men, juvenum primi, Virg.: v. 
PRINCIPAL. 2. princeps, ipis, (= pri- 

120 


RE- 


mus): the c. men in the state, in repub- 
lica principes, Cic.: the e. place in an 
embassy, legationis p. locus, Caes. (N.B. 
—The above words are often used sub- 
stantively, both in sing. and pl.: v. 
examples.) 3. primarius (first in 
rank, first rate: q. v.): the c.man in 
a state, p. vir populi, Cic. 4, praeci- 
piius (esp. of things rather than per- 
sons ;- though not solely) : v. PRINCIPAL. 
5, primoris, e: in this sense rare 
except as subs.: V, CHIEF (subs.). 
(Only when chief= greatest): maximus, 
summus: v. GREAT. Phr.: the c. good, 
summum bonum, Cic.: the c. (ultimate) 
cause, ultima causa, Hor.: the c. dish at 
@ supper, caput coenae, Cic.: the c. ele- 
ment of a happy life is freedom from 
care, caput est ad beate vivendum secur- 
itas, Cie.: toconfer thechief command of 
a war upon anyone, ad aliquem totius 
belli summam deferre, Caes. (v. TO AP- 
POINT, 5, 6): to him the c. civil and mi- 
litary authority was entrusted, ei prin- 
cipatus atque imperium est traditum, 
Caes.: V. FOREMOST, PRINCIPAL. 
chief (subs.): 1, princeps, ipis: 
the c. of the senate (lawful title of the 
foremost senator), p. senatus, Liv. : Zeno 
was the founder and c. of the Stoics, 
Zeno inventor et p. Stoicorum fuit, Cic. : 
the c. of @ conspiracy, p. conjurationis, 
Cic.: the c.s of states, principes civita- 
tum, Caes. 2. procer, éris (esp. of 
the ruling class; the great; avisto- 
cracy: usu. inpl.): c.s destroy Pergam- 
wm, scindunt proceres Pergamum, PI. : 
I am reckoned among the cs of the 
state, ego proceribus civitatis annumeror, 
Tac. : Cic.: Virg. 3, primoris (strictly 
an adj. : but chiefly used in pl. as subs. 
=proceres): the c.s of the people, pri- 
mores populi, Hor.: Juv. (also primores 
viri, Cat.). 4, caput, itis, n. (lit. 
head: hence leader, ringleader: q.v.): 
the c.s of the conspiracy, capita con- 
jurationis, Liv, 5, dux, auctor, etc, : 
Vv. LEADER, FOUNDER. N.B.—Chief, as 
applied to one holding an office by 
appointment, may often be expr. by a 
verb: as, is qui copiis praefectus s, 
praepositus est; cui delata est summa 
imperii, etc.; v. TO APPOINT. But 
praefectus and praepositus are both 
used substantively: as, c. of a depu- 
tation, praepositus legatorum, Cic.: v. 
COMMANDER, CAPTAIN. 


chiefly : 1, praecipié: v. PRIN- 
CIPALLY. 2. maximé: v. Most. 3, 
imprimis: Vv. ESPECIALLY. (N.B.—Not 


potissimum ; which signifies not degree, 
but absolute preference. Thus, quo 
potissimum accedam, is, “ where of all 
places shall I choose to go to;” not 
“ where chiefly.”) 
chieftain: dux: Tac. Ger. 7. In 
pl., précéres, primores : v. CHIEF (subs.) 
chilblain: 1, pernio, Onis, m.: 
Plin. 2. perniunciilus (a small c.): 
Plin. 26, 11, 66. 
child: 1, puer, éri (as the corre- 
lative to adult: when sex is not spe- 
cified) : infant children’s cradles, infan- 
tium puerorum incunabula, Cic.: to be 
ignorant of what happened before you 
were born is to be always a c., nescire 
quid antea quam natus sis acciderit, id 
est semper esse puerum, Cic.: Hor. 
2. infans, ntis,c.; prop. only of chil- 
dren as yet unable to speak (Vv. INFANT) : 
but also sometimes used, esp. in later 
Latin, of young children generally : in- 
fans puer novem annorum; Inscr. ap. 
Forcell. s. v. 3. filius, a@ male c.: 
filia, a female c.:; with reference to the 
parents; and of course only capable of 
being used when the sex is known: v. 
BOY, GIRL. 4, In pl. only: libéri, 
orum (as the correlative to parents) : 
parents with their c., parentes cum libe- 
ris, Caes.: to beget ¢., liberos procreare, 
Cic.: he had c. by the daughter of C. 
Fabius, is ex C, Fabii filia liberos ha- 
buit, Cic.. dear c., dulces liberi, Hor. 
5, nati, orum (like liberi, but 
chiefly in poets): the affection which 
exists between c. and parents, caritas 
quae est inter natos et parentes, Cie.: 





the mothers tremblingly pressea ther « 
to their breasts, trepide matres pressere 
ad pectora natos, Virg. Phr.: the woe 
man was with c., mulier erat gravida, 
Cic. (v. PREGNANT): to get with c., gra- 
vidam facere, Ter. ; praegnantem facere, 
Juv.: to be with c., partum ferre, Plin. : 
V. OFFSPRING, INFANT, etc. 

childbearing: partus, ts: Cic.: y. 
CHILD BIRTH. 

childbed: pierpérium: nearest 
term: Vv. CHILDBIRTH. Phr.: @ woman 
in v., puerpéra, Cat.: Plin.; todve ine, 
*inter partum, inter partus (uteri) dolores 
exstingui. 

childbirth: 1, piierpérium the 
perils of c., pericula puerperii, Plin. : 
protracted c., diutinum p., Gell.  Q, 
partus, tis: after c., ex or a partu, Cels. 

8, Liicina (only poet.): the labours 

of c., Lucinae labores, Virg.: Ov. Phr.z 
charms that facilitate c., verba puerpera, 
Ov.: the pains of c., utero exorti do- 
lores, Pl. 

childhood: 1. puéritia: jrome., 
@ pueritia, Cic.: Sall.: ‘Tac, 2. in- 
fantia (prop. infancy; but extended so 
as to comprehend about the first seven 
years of life: Vv. CHILD, 2): so much as 
is snatched from c. is gained for youth, 
quantum infantiae praesumptum est, 
adolescentiae acquiritur, Quint. 3: 
Expr. by circuml.: as, puerilis aetas, 
puerile tempus, pueriles anni: v. CHILD- 
IsH. Phr.: from c., a puero, or (in 
speaking of more than one person), a 
pueris, Cic.; a teneris unguiculis (a 
Greek idiom), Cic.; de tenero ungul, 
Hor. ; a tenero, Quint. ; in teneris, Virg. 5 
a primo tempore aetatis, Cic.; a parvo, 
Liv.; a parvulo, Ter.; ab infante, Col.3 
prima ab infantia, Tac. 

childish: |. Pertaining to a 
child: piérilis, e: @ ¢. appearance, p, 
species, Cic.: ¢. age, p. aetas, Cic.: @ ¢. 
amusement, p. delectatio, Cic.: c. dis- 
eases, p-morbi,Cels. |], Puerile, silly: 

1, ptiérilis. e: @ ¢€. omnion, p. 

sententia, Ter.: ac. plan, p. consilium, 
Cic. 2, infans, ntis: all those things 
were c., illa omnia fuere infantia, Cic. 
Phr.: @ c. person, homo bulla dignus, 
Juv. 

childishly: piériliter: Pl.: Cic, 

childishness: puérilitas: Sen, 

childless: orbus (of one who once 
had children: bereft): a c. old man, 
orbus senex, Cic.: the c. woman sat 
down among her lifeless sons and daugh- 
ters, orba resedit exanimes inter natos 
natasque, Ov. Phr.: to bec., esse sine 
liberis, Gai.; nullos habere liberos, Cie. 

childlike: piérilis, e- c. simplicity, 
p. simplicitas, Liv. (? infans: Hor. S. 1, 
6, 57, infans pudor), 

chill (subs.): |. Slight cold: fri- 
gusctilum: ‘ert. (or perh. better, ali- 
quantulum, nonnihil frigoris; v. coLp). 
Phr.: water with the c. off, aqua ege- 
lida, Cels. Il. The cold fit that pre- 
cedes fever, etc.: horror: Cic,: Cels. 

chill (adj.): frigidilus: Virg. (Carm, 
min.): Vv. COLD, Yo grow c., frigescere; 
Lucr. 

chill (».): 
Y. TO COOL, 

chilliness: v. cotpNess, Phr.: 
there is ac. in the air, *nonnihil frigoris 
spirant aurae ; frigescit aer. 

chilling (adj.): algificus (rare}: 
Gell. (May usu. be expr. with sufficient 
nearness by frigidus, gélidus; v COLD, 
Icy.) 

chilly, i.e. very susceptible of cold - 
alsidsus: Varr.: Plin. 

chime (subs.): |. Harmony: con- 
centus, 0S v. CONCERT. _ |, In pl: 
tunes played by a set of bells. *campa- 
nharum cantus. : 

chime (v.): |. To sound: used ot 
the tunes played by a set of bells: cino, 
cécinl, cantum, 3: Vv. TO SOUND. th 
To chime in;-i.e.to say something ac- 
cordant with what was already said, 
succino, 3; he calls aloud, give-me food: 
another c.s in, and to me too, clamat, vic~ 
tum date; succinit alter, et mihi, Hor. 

chimera (a creature of imagina- 


réfrigéro, 1: view: Pling 





as 





CHIMERICAL CHOOSE 
tion ; usu. of what is fearful ordisagree-| choice (subs.): |. The act or 
able): commentum : Cic.: Ov.: v. Fic- | power of choosing : 1. expr. by part. 


TION. Perbaps better portentum com- 
menticium : Vv. IMAGINARY; PHANTOM. 

chimerical: vanus, commenticius : 
Vv. EMPTY, IMAGINARY. 

chimney: |. A fire-place (obso- 
lete except in the compounds c¢.-corner, 
c.-piece): ciminus: Cic.: Hor. ll. 
A passage for the conveyance of smoke 
(which was not constructed in Roman 
buildings): *ductus 07 canalis fumarius 
(fami) : M. L. 

chimney-corner: fOcus: Vv. HEARTH. 

chimney-piece: ‘opus ligneum 
marmoreumve camino appusitum. 

chimney-sweeper: “qui ductus s. 
canales fumarios deterget. 

chimpanzee: (?) satyrus: Plin. 7, 
2, 2 (med.). 

chin: mentum : Cic.: Plin. 

china (adj.): murrhinus or murréus 
(it seems highly probable that by this 
term was denoted our “china:” v. Dict. 
Ant. p. 769 6.): a c. ladle, murrhina 
trulla, Plin.; ¢. cups, murrea pocula, 
Prop. (who with the looseness of poeti- 
cal allusion, ascribes their manufacture 
to the Parthians: 4 (5), 5, 26): v. POR- 
CELAIN. 

china (swbs.): 1, murrha (the 
substance): Mart. 2, murrhina, orum 
(the articles made from it): v. preced- 
ing art. 
chine: tergum: ac. of beef, t. bovis, 

r 


chink (subs.): |. 4 fissure: rima: 
a narrow c.,r. angusta, Hor.: to stop up 
c.s, vr. explere, Cic. Phr.: to gape open 
in c.s, fatiscere, Virg. (also, rimis fatis- 
cere, Virg.): Vv. FISSURE, CLEFT. ll. 
A sound,as cf money rattled: tinnitus, 
ls: V. TINKLING. 

chink (v.): tinnio, 4: v. 10 JINGLE. 

chinky : rimosus: v. LEAKY. 

chintz: *textilia xylina variis color- 
ibus impressa or signata. 

chip (subs.): 1, assiila (applied to 
es either of wood or of stone): cs cut 
away by the axe, a. quae sunt securibus 
excussae, Tert.: c.s of marble, caementa 
marmorea sive a. dicuntur, Vitr.: Pl. 

2. segmen, inis, m.: Vv. PARINGS. 
8, schidiae, arum (Gr. oyidia): c.s 

of pine-wood, taedae s., Vitr. 4, cae- 
mentum (of c.s of stone): Vitr. (l.c¢. 
supr.). Prov. phr.: a ec. of the old 
block, *puer parenti similis. 

chip (v.): assulas (ligno, lapidi) se- 
curi excutere, dejicere: v. CHIP (subs.) ; 
and TO HEW. 

chirp (v.): 1. pipio, 4: the 
chickens c., pulli p., Col. 2. pipilo, 
1: the sparrow used toc. continually to 
its mistress alone, passer ad solam do- 
minam usque pipilabat, Cat. 3. stri- 
deo, di, 2 (not of birds): the cricket c.s, 
gryllus s., Plin. 

chirp, chirping (swbs.): pipatus, 
is: thec. of young birds, p. pullorum, 
Varr. 

chirping (@4j.): 1, argiitus: ec. 
grasshoppers, ar. cicadae, Mart. 2. 
garriilus (prop. chattering) : a c. grass- 
hopper, g. cicada, Phaedr. 

chisel (subs.): _ 1, scalprum (appy. 
the nearest to the English, but used for 
a greater variety of purposes than our 
chisel): @ mason’s (or carpenter's) ¢., 
fabrile s,, Liv. 9, caelum: used by 
the engraver: v. GRAVER. 

chisel (v.): scalpro caedere: v. TO 
CARVE, CUT. 
- chitterlings: lactes, ium, f.: Pl.: 


n, 

chivalrous: perl. magninimus: 

irg.: V. BRAVE. 

chivalrousness: magnus, celsus, 
erectus animus: v. COURAGE. 

chivalry: |. Knighthood: eques- 
tris dignitas, Nep. I]. The body of 
knights : ordo equestris, Cic. 

chive: caepa: v. ONION, 

chlorate: *chloras, atis, m.: M. L. 

chloride: *chiorurétum: M. L. 

chlorine: *chlorina, f., or chlorum, 
n.: M. 1. 

chocolate: *chocolatum. M. L. 





of verb: as, careful in the c. of words, 
cautus in verbis deligendis: to make a 
c., deligere, eligere, etc.: v. TO CHOOSE. 

2, délectus, is (esp. when care and 
judgment are implied): not to be guided 
toa judgment by any c. or wisdom, non 
d. aliquo aut sapientia duci ad judican- 
dum, Cic.: to exercise c.about anything, 
in aliqua re d. habere, ad aliquam rem 
d. adhibere, Cic. 8. é@lectio (—delec- 
tus: but less freq.): the c. of words, e. 
verborum, Cic.: Vell. 4. optio (only 


of thespower of choosing): the c. ts yours, | 
op. tua est, Pl.: to give anyone a c., ali- | 


cui op. dare, potestatem o.que alicui 
facere ut eligat, Cic. il. The thing 
chosen: expr. by verb: as, to live con- 
tent with the lot which ix our c., quam 


sibi sortem ratio dederit, illa contentum | 


vivere, Hor.; vitae electione propria 
contentum esse, cf. Tac. Ann. 6, 22 


that nook is myc. before all others, ille | 
terrarum mihi praeter omnes angulus | 


ridet, Hor.: quick in wearying of its c., 
(of youth), amata relinquere pernix, 
Hor. 

choice (a4).): |. Well-chosen, 
supertor in quality: J. lectus: Pl.. 
c. words, |. verba, Cic. 9. électus: c. 


words, e. verba, Cic.: the choicest men | 


of the state, viri electissimi civitatis, 
Cic. 8. exquisitus (searched for with 
care): c. viands, e. epulae, Plin.: v. 
EXQUISITE, FAR-FETCHED. 4, con- 
quisitus (of things brought together) 
the tables were heaped with the choicest 
viands, mensae conquisitissimis epulis 
exstruebantur, Cic.: Quint.: v. EXCEL- 
LENT. Il. Selecting with care; Phr.: 
he is very c. in his company, homo est 
paucorum hominum, Ter.: Hor.: ¢. and 
careful in the setting of his words, in 
verbis tenuis cautusque serendis, Hor. 
A. P. 46: v. CAREFUL. 

choicely: exquisité: Quint. 

choiceness: Vv. EXCELLENCE, SUPE- 
RiorITY. Phr.: remarkable for the c. 
of his words, *propter verborum delec- 
tum insignis: Vv. CHOICE. 

choir: |. 4 band of singers: chi- 
rus canentium: the leader of ac., ma- 
gister chori canentium, Col.: (or simply 
chorus, where the context helps to fix 
the precise meaning). Il. 4 part of 
a church: apsis or absis, idis, f.: Isid. 

choke: A, Trans.. |. Zo stop 
respiration : 1, strangiilo, 1: cd by 
a pear, piro strangulatus, Suet.: Cels. 
Meton.: ivy c.s trees, hedera arbores s., 
Plin.: to c. crops, sata s., Quint. 2. 
suffoco, 1: too thick saliva c.s him, eum 
crassior salivas.,Sen. Meton.: loc.a 
vine, i.e. impede its growth, vitem s., 
Quint. I]. Zo block up, obstruct: q. v. 

B. Intrans.: expr. by the pas- 

sive forms of the above verbs. 


choler: |. Bile: q.v. — [f, An- 
ger: stomachus, ira: v. ANGER. 
choleric: iracundus, cérebrosus: 


Cic.. Hor.: v. PASSIONATE, IRASCIBLE. 
choose: A. Trans.- ee 
select : 1, légo, légi, lectum, 3: toc. 
jurymen, judices 1, Cic.: toc. men for 
war, viros ad bella lL, Ov. But the 
comps. are more frequent. 2. déligo, 
3: toc.a place for a camp, locum cas- 
tris d., Caes.: to c. a@ shaver of one's 
military authority, soctum sibi imperii 
d., Liv. 8. éligo, 3 (laying stress on 
the selection from amongst others): of 
evils to c. the least, ex malis minimum e., 
Cic.: [chose you two as my chief friends, 
vos duos elegi quos praecipue colerem, 
Cic. 4, opto, 1 (esp. in poets): to c. 
leaders, duces op., Virg.: to c. a spot for 
a kingdm, op. locum regno, Virg.: Jet 
him c. which of the two he prefers, optet 
utrum malit, Cie. 5, cipio, cépi, 
captum, 3 (only when the context fixes 
the sense): J c. you as my patron, te 
mihi patronum capio, Ter.: v. TO TAKE, 
Il. To select for an ofitce: légo, 
déligo, éligo; creo, coopto, etc.: v. TO 
ELECT, APPOINT. B, Intrans.: to be 
(more) willing (q. V.): mié&lo: v. TO 
PREFER. 








CHRONICLE 


chop (v.): |, Trans.: of cuttengs 

délo; ddlabra s. ascia caedo: v. TO HEW 

Intrans.: of the wind: te 
change suddenly: *repente se vertere 
convertere: Vv. TO VEER BOUND, Ub 
Obsol. TO BUY, CHAFFER: q. Vv. 

——in pieces Or up: minute, minu- 
tatim concido: v. TO CUT IN PIECES; 
and foll. art. 

—off: 1, détrunco, 1: esp. of 
the head, d. caput, Ov.: to c. off the wing 
of a queen bee, regi apum alam d., Plin. 

2, déddlo, 1: toc. up small, assu- 
latim d., PL: v.TO Hew. 3, abscido, 
praecido (to cut off the extremity): v¥. To 
CUT OFF, 

chop (subs.): i.e. a piece of meat: 

1, fella: Mart. 2. offa: a pork 
c., Offa porcina, Paul. ap. Fest. 

chop-house: popina (cook-shop)- 
caupona (inn). 

chanoen (a butcher’s implement) : 
dolabra: Dig. 

choral: symphoniicus: c. arts, artes 
s, Arnob. (Or expr. by chori, ad 
chorum pertinens, etc.- v. CHOIR.) 

chord: |. A string (musical): 
chorda, nervus; in pl. fides, ium: v. 
STRING. I]. Mus. ¢. t.; certain tones 
combined according to the laws-of har- 
mony: consodnantia (?): v. HARMONY. 

II]. In geometry: basis, is, f.: the 
c. of an are, b. arcus, Col. 

chorister: 1, symphoniacus ho- 
mo or servus: cf. Cic. Mil. 21, 55. i 
unus e canentium choro: canentium 








| choro ascriptus, etc.: v. CHOIR. 


chorographer : chordgriphus: Vitr. 

chorography: chordgraphia: Vitr. 

choroid (a4j.): *chordideus: the ec. 
membrane, membrana c., M. L. 

chorus: |. A band of singers or 
dancers: chérus (Greek term): Cic.: 
Virg. Phr.: the place where the c. was 
trained, choragium, Vitr.: the superin- 
tendent of a c., choragus, Pl. I]. 4 
piece of choral music: symphonia, con- 
centus: V. CONCERT, HARMONY. Phr.: 
to join inc., concino, 3}: Vv. TO SING TO- 
GETHER. 

cnough: *corvus garrulus: Linn. 

Christ; Christus: I'ac.: Plin. Ep. 

christen: Vv. TO BAPTIZE. 

Christendom; orbis terrarum Chris- 
tianus; cuncti Christiani, etc. 

christian: |. As adj.: Christia- 
nus: a (. sacrament, C. sacramentum, 
Tert.: the C. religion, religio C., Vert. 
Phr.: the C. church, Christi ecclesia, 
Tert.: a C. name, *praendmen, or nd- 
men in baptismo inditum. Il, As 
subs.: Christianus: ‘lac.: Plin. 

christianity : 1. Christiana reli- 
gio: Tert. 9. Chris iana disciplina: 
Tert. 8. Christianismus: ‘ert. 
Phr.: to profess C., christianizare, Tett, 
(but better expr. by fidem Christianam 
or Christi profiteri, sequi). 

christianize; ex ethnicis Christianos 
facere, Tert. 

christianly; Christiané: Aug 

Christmas: ‘*festum nativitatis 
Christi; sacrum Christi natalis anniver- 
sarium ; sotlemnia Christi natalitia (from 
Kr.). Phr.: to keep C., festum nativ- 
itatis Chr. celebrare: a merry C., vere 
festi dies apud sollemnia Chr. nat.: 
C.-eve, dies proximus ante festum, etc. 

Christmas-day: *Christi dies na- 
talis. 

Christmas-carol: *canticum de die 
Christi natali. 

Christ’s-thorn (a plant): @) paliu- 
rus: Virg. 

chromatic (musical ¢. ¢.): chréma- 
tYeus: Vitr. Phr.: thec. scale, chroma, 
itis, n.: Vitr.: the science of c.s, chrd- 
miticé : Vitr. 

chrome; chromium: M. L. 

chronic: chrénicus: c. diseases, c. 
morbi, Coel. Aur. (the title of a work 
on them). The same notion may be less 
exactly and technically expr. by longus, 
diiturnus, tardus. v. PROTRACTED, 
stow. Phr.: he ts,suffering from ac, 
want of money, *ex solita pecuniae ino- 
pia laborat . v. WONTED. 

chronicle (subs.); esp. in ees chro- 

1 


CHRONICLE 


nici libri: Gell.; also, chrénica, orum: 
Plin.: v. also ANNALS. 

chronicle (v.): *ordine temporum 
servato referre; in annales referre: v. 
TO RELATE, RECORD. 

chronicler: 1, annalium scriptor. 

2. chrdnégraphus: Sidon. 

chronologer, chronologist: tem- 
porum rationis péritus or stidiosus. 
chronological : Phr.: to see every- 
thing at a glance arranged in c. order, 
explicatis ordinibus temporum, uno in 
conspectu omnia videre, Cic. Brut. 4, 15: 
preserving c. order, conservatis nota- 
tisque temporibus, Cic.; servato temporis 
ordine, Plin. Ep.: by a c. error, chronico- 
rum errore, Plin.: to depart from c. 
order, perturbare aetatum (temporum) 
ordinem, Cic. 

chronologically : i.e. in chronolo- 
gical order: v. preceding art. 

chronology: 1. aetatum (tempor- 
um) ordo; rerum gestarum et memoriae 
veteris ordo, Cic. Q, ratio temporum: 
c. refutes Pliny, Plinium arguit r. tem- 
porum, Suet. Cal. 8. Phr.: @ reform 
in c., emendatio temporum, Scalig. 
(Comp. CHRONOLOGICAL.) 

chronometer :*chrénémetrum: M.-L. 

chrysalis: chrysallis. idis, f: Plin. 

chrysoberyl]: chrysdberyllus: Plin. 

chrysocolla; chrysocolla: Plin. 

chrysolite: chrysélithus, i, m. and 
f.: Plin. 

chrysoprase: chrysoprasus: Plin. 

chub; *Leuciscus cephalus: Fieming. 

chubby: habitus, pinguis: v. PLUMP, 
stout. Phr.: Cupid’s c. cheek, Cu- 
pidinis buccula, Apul. 

chuck: v. CLUCK. 

chuckle (v.): pressa voce et quasi 
singultim cachinnare (?): v. TO LAUGH. 

chump: stipes, itis, m.: v. STUMP. 

church: |. The whole body of 
Christians, or some particular subdivi- 
sion of them, especially in reference to 
their belief and discipline: also, the 
recognized authorities in the church: 
ecclesia: the c. of Christ, ec. Christi, 
Cypr.: the unity of the Catholic c., 
catholicae e. unitas, Cypr.: the true 
and only baptism of the c., verum et 
unicum ecclesiae baptismum, Cypr.: he 
who has not been ordained in the c., 
can in no wise have or hold ac. (as its 


pastor), habere aut tenere ecclesiam | 


nullo modo potest, qui ordinatus in ec- 
clesia non est, Cypr. |], The building: 

1, ecclésia (but not in the earliest 
period): Amm.: Cypr. Q. basilica 
(esp. of larger cs): Sulp. Sev. (The 


terms templum, aedes, sacellum are also | 


used of places of Christian worship: v. 
TEMPLE, CHAPEL.) 

church: (adj.): ecclésiasticus: v. 
ECCLESIASTICAL. 

church-rates: *vectigal aedis sacrae 
conservandae causa impositum. 

church-wardens: *duumviri rebus 
paroeciae ecclesiasticis curandis. 

church-yard (the space around a 
church): aréa: Tert.: v. CEMETERY. 

chur] ; homo inbimanus: Ter. : Cic.: 
v. Boor; and foll. art. 

churlish; 1. inhimanus: old men 
neither ill-tempered nor c., nec difficiles, 
nec in. senes, Cic.: Ter. 2. impor- 
tiinus: ac. and disagreeable wife, uxor 
im. atque incommoda, Pl.: a c. old 
man, senex im., Ter. (Inhumanus im- 
plies absence of kindly feeling: impor- 
tunus positive churlishness.) Ss: 
agrestis, €: Vv. BOORISH. 

churlishly: 1, inhimaniter: Cic.: 
¥. UNCOURTEOUSLY. 9. illibéraliter : 
v. UNGENEROUSLY. 3. importiineé: 
usu.= improperly, unseasonably: q. v. 

churlishness: 1, inhimanitas : 
Cic. 2, importinitas: Cic. (For the 
distinction, cf. churlish. The two are 
combined by Cic. : ‘‘importunitas autem 
atque inhumanitas omni aetati molesta 
est,’’ de Sen. 3.) 3, mores inhumani, 
difficiles, illiberales, etc.: v. CHURLISH. 

churn (subs.): vas ad butyrum face 
iendum ; cf. Plin. N. H. 28, 9, 353 
where a description of a kind of churn 
is given. 

122 








CIRCUIT 






churn (v.): butyrum lacte jactando 
s. agitando facere: cf. Plin. ut supr. 
chyle; *chylus: M. L. 
chyme: chymus: Seren. Sam. (al. 
chylus). 
Cicatrix: cicatrix: v. SCAR. 
cicatrize: |. Trans.: Phr:a@ 
medicinal application which c.s, medica- 
mentum cicatricem inducens, Cels.: the 
wound is c.’d, vulneri cicatrix inducitur, 
Cels.: to c. a wound, plagam ad cica- 
tricem perducere, Cels. |], Intrans.: 
Phr.: the wound is beginning toc., ad 
cicatricem vulnus intendit, Cels.: the 
wound c.s, ad cicatricem plaga per- 
venit, Cels. 
cicerone: dux: v. GUIDE. 
cider: bydrémélum: Isid.: vinum 


ex malis factum = Col. 

cimetar: ‘icinicés, is, m: Hor.: 
Curt. 

cincture: cinctus, is: v. BELT, 
GIRDLE. 

cinder: cinis, favilla, carbo: v. 
ASHES, CHARCOAL. 

cinnabar: minium: Prop.: Plin. 
Phr.: ac.-mine, miniarium metallum ; 


miniarium ; or miniaria, Plin. 
cinnamon: cinnamémum or cin- 
namum: Pl.: Plin. Phr.: c.-ointment, 
unguentum cinnamoninum, Plin. 
cinqguefoil: 1. pentapétes, is, n. : 
Plin. Q, quinquéfdlium: Cels.: Plin. 
cipher: |. The arithmetical sign 
of nonentity: *nota arithmetica omnem 
numerum abesse significans. Fig.: 
numérus: we are c.s, and born to con- 
sume what others produce, nos numerus 
sumus, et fruges consumere nati, Hor. : 
mere c.s, bomines nihili, Pl: Varr. 
Il. A secret manne» of writing: 
1, néta: to write in c., per notas 
scribere, Suet. (or simply, notare, Quint. : 
Suet.). 2. scribendi latebra: Gell. 
3, scriptum furtivum: Gell. 
circle (subs.): |. A geometrical 


figure, or what is arranged in such a 
figure: 


1, ciretilus: the outer c. of 
the walls, c. muri exterior, Liv.: the 
stars complete their c s and orbits, stellae 
c. suos orbesque conficiurt, Cic.: the 
arctic c., c. septentrionalis, Varr.: Sen. 


2. orbis, is, m. (the most usu. word | 
to denote anything round): to twirl a | 


sling in a c., fundum in orbem torquere, 
Cic.: to ride in ac., equitare in orbem, 
Ov. : the c. of a wheel, 0. rotae, Ov.: the 
soldiers arranged themselves in a c., 
milites in orbem constiterunt, Caes. 
Dimin.: orbiciilus, a small c.; esp. of 
wheels: Cato: Plin. 98, gyrus (esp. of 
the wheeling, circular movements made 
by animals: v. TO WHEEL ROUND): bees 
perform c.s in their flight, apes volatu 
gyros edunt, Plin.: so, gyros trahere, 
Virg.; g. ducere, Ov. Fig.: v. comM- 
pass. Phr.: the common people stand- 
ing in a c., vulgi stante corona, Ov.: he 
drew a c. round him as he stood, with a 
stick, virgula stantem circumscripsit, 
Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 23 (but of course an exact 
circle is not meant): to describe a c., 
circinationem circuli describere, Vitr. ; 
ducere rotundam circinationem, Vitr. 
I]. Compass, circuit (q. v.). il. 
A group of persons: 1, circtilus: v. 
GROUP. 9. cérdna: Cic.: Liv.: Ov. 
Phr.: in the family c., domi; una cum 
suis: v. AT HOME: I find my only plea- 
sure in the family c., privata modo et 
domestica nos delectant, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 
6: to have a wide c. of friends, in 
magna celebritate amicorum vivere, 
versari, cf. Cic. Off. 3, I, 3- IV. In 
argument: Phr.- to argue in ac, 
*quasi gyro quodam in argumentando 
uti; vitio quodam argumentandi quae 
sumpta sunt pro argumentis adbibere: 
(not eodem revolvi, as given by Kraft, 
etc., which means to come or amount to 
the same thing) 
circle (v.): Vv. TO ENCIRCLE. 
circlet: circiilus (parvus): v. CIRCLE. 
circuit; |. Movement round: 1, 
circiiltus, ts: a long c., longus c., Virg. : 
to march an army by a c. of 40 miles, 
millium XL cireuitu exercitum ducere, 
Caes. (Vv. CIRCUITOUS). 








CIRCUMLOCUTION 






(sometimes in combination with orbis) : 
the stars perform their c.s with won- 
derful swiftness, stellae c. suos orbesque 
conficiunt mirabili celeritate, Cic.: v. 
crrcLe. Phr.: to make ac., circumire 
(with acc.), circumagi, obire: v. TO 
GO ROUND; TRAVERSE. Il. The pe- 
riodical journey of judges eic.: Phr.: 
to go on c., ad conventus agendos cir- 
cumire, based on Caes.: Cic.: v. ASSIZES: 
or perhaps, *juri dicundo conventus 
obire. 

circuitous: fiexudsus: ac. passage, 
iter f., Cic.: Val. Max. More usu. expr. 
by a prep. in composition: as, to seek 
glory by a c. course, circuitu gloriam 
petere, Curt. (cf. crrcurT, I.): to take a 
c..route, circumagi, Hor.: to make one’s 
way out by c. paths, per anfractus egredi, 
Petr.: ac. mode of expression, circuitio, 
ambages: Ter.: Cic.: v. CIRCUMLO- 
CUTION. 

circular (aij.): rétundus: v. ROUND. 
More precisely, rotundus ut circino cir- 
cumactus (circumductus), cf. Caes. B. G. 
1, 38. (Circularis is not found in any 
good author.) Phr.: a@ c. figure or 
course, orbis (Vv. ¢TRCLE): c¢. leaves, folia 
circinatae rotunditatis, Plin. (but the 
adj. is rare). 

circular (subs.): literae circum (op- 
pida, cives, etc.) missae, dimissae: cf. 
Suet. Ner. 47. 

circularly: 
ferri, agi, etc.): cf. CIRCLE. 
culatim: Coel. Aur. 
Plin. 

circulate: |, Intrans.: Phr.: 
the blood c.s through the veins into every 
part of the body, sanguis per venas in 
omne corpus diffunditur, Cic.: the sap 
c.s through the branches, cibus per ramaos 
diffunditur, Lucr. Fig.: unfavourable 
rumours c.d, graves rumores sparsi sunt, 
Cic.: Virg.: heat c.s through silver, per- 
manat calor argentum, Lucr. Il. 
Trans.: to spread; esp. of reports: 
spargere in vulgum, Virg.; palam fac- 
ere: Vv. TO PUBLISH. 

circulation: Phr.: the c. of the 
blool, *sanguinis circulatio, M. L.: to 
be in c. (of books), in manibus esse, 
Hor.: to go out of c., ohsdlescere: Vv. 
OBSOLETE (to become). 

circumcise: 1, (genitalia) cir- 
cumceido, cidi, sum, 3: Tac. 2. cir- 
cumséco, sectum, 1: Suet. 

circumcised (part.adj.): 1, cir- 
cumeisus: Vulg. 2. curtus: the c. 
Jews, c. Judaei, Hor. 3, réciititus : 
Mart.: Petr. 4. verpus (as subs.; a 
c. person): Juv. (The last three words 
used scornfully.) 

circumcision: circumcisio: Lact. 

circumference: |. Instrictgeom. 
sense: périphéria (Gr. mepipépera): Ca- 
pell. (Jn purer Latm extrema circi- 
natio; extrema circinationis linea: cf. 
Vitr. 9, 8: linea circumcurrens quae 
orbem efficit, Quint.) I]. In looser 
sense: the outline of a rounded figure: 

1, ambitus, is: the c. of a shield, 

am. parmae, Plin.: the c. of a lake, am. 
lacus, Suet. 2. circuitio: ac. of 
three cubits each, c. ternorum cubitorum, 
Vitr. 

circumflex (accent): 1, circum- 
flexus: Donat. 2. inflexus: Capell. 
(used also by Cic.; but with ref. to the 
sound, not the mark). Phr.: a syllable 
i ith the c. accent, syllaba circumflexa, 

ell. 

circumfluent: 1. circumfitus. 
the c. water, c. humor, Ov.: the c. sea, 
c. mare, Plin. 2. circumfusus (lit 
poured or pouring itself round): Ov. 

circumjacent: circumjacens: ‘fac. 
(or perh. better, quod circa, circum est: 


1, in orbem (with 
Q. cir- 
8, orbicilatim: 


V. AROUND). : 

circumlocution: 1, circumld- 
citio: Quint.: Gell. 2, périphrasig 
is, f.: Quint. 3, ambitus, ais: (with 


some defining word): to express a thing 
by c., per am. verborum rem nuntiare, 
Suet.: Liv. 4, circultns, tis (like 
ambitus, with some defining word): to 


| express anything by c., per circuitus 
2. circilus | 


loqui aliquid, Mart.: c.g, citcuitus verb- 


ren 


Pp 


ve 





CIRCUMNAVIGATE 





sram,Cic. §, ambages, is, f., (in sing. 
only abl.; pl. complete: esp. used of 
the dark, ambiguous phrase employed 
by oracles: v. AMBIGUITY): Virg.: Liv. 
Phr.: very many things are without 
names, so that they must be expressed 
either by figures or by c., res plurimae 
carent appellationibus, ut eas necesse 
sit transterre aut circumire, Quint. 

circumnavigate: circumvéhor, vec- 
tus, 3: Vv. To SAIL ROUND. 

circumnavigation: périplus (Gr. 
mepitdous): Plin. 

circumnavigator: qui orbem ter- 
rarum navi circumvectus est. 

circumpolar: quod circa polos est: 
Vv. AROUND. 

circumscribe: 1. finio, termino: 
Vv. £0 BOUND, LIMIT. 9. circumscribo, 
psi, ptum, 3 (aiso, to define precisely: 
q. v.): the orator does not c. or bound 
his privilege by any limits, (orator) nul- 
lis terminis c. aut definit jus suum, Cic.: 
to c. a person’s influence (by thwarting 
him), e. aliquem, Caes. 8. immini, 
ii, utum, 3: the power of the commons 
was c.d, plebis opes imminutae, Sall.: v. 
TO DIMINISH. 4. (In pass. sense; to 
be c.d) consisto, stiti, stitum, 3: if the 
endless labour of the forum were c.d as 
well by the decline of life as by the cur- 
riculum of honours, si infinitus foren- 
sium rerum labor, decursu honorum, 
etiam aetatis flexu constitisset, Cic. 
Phr.: to c. the perturbations of the 
mind, perturbationes animi contrahere 
et in angustum deducere, adducere, Cic. : 
to be c.d within a narrow conpass, in 
exiguum gyrum compulsum esse, Cic. : 
to c. oneself, sibi cancellos circum- 
dare, Cic. 
__ circumscribed (a4j.): angustus, ex- 
iguus: V. NARROW, LIMITED. 

circumspect: circumspectus (not 
so used in Cic.): at one time c. and 
sagacious, at another inconsiderate and 
rash, modo c. et sagax, modo incon- 
sultus et praeceps, Suet. Phr.: to be 
very c., diligenter circumspicere, Cic. : 
V. CAREFUL. 

circumspection: circumspectio : 
Cic. Phr.: to use or practise c., dilig- 
enter, omnia, circumspicere, Cic.: v. 
CAUTION, PRUDENCE. 

circumspectly : = circumspecté : 
Quint.: Gell.: v. cauTIOUSLY. 

circumstance: 1, rés, &i, f.: by 
all which c.s the cavalry were panic- 
struck, quibus omnibus r. equites per- 
moti sunt, Caes.: to control c.s, sibi res 
subjungere, Hor.. according to c.s, pro 
re, Sall.: under the c.s (as matters are), 

ro re nata, Cic. Att. 7, 14: also,e renata, 
Ter. Ad. 3, 1,8. Esp. in pl., a state, con- 
dition: easy c.s, ressecundae, Hor. : Cic. 
(But it is often sufficient in place of res 
to use the neuter gender of an adj. : as, 
adverse, prosperous C.s, adversa, progpera : 
V. ADVERSITY, PROSPERITY.) 2, tempus, 
oris, n. (¢.8 collectively): to yield to c.s, 
that is, to submit to necessity, tempori 
cedere, id est, necessitati parere, Cic. ; 
according to c.s, pro tempore, Caes. : 
Sall.: Virg.; ad tempus, Cic.: who 
knows what the c.s of the commonwealth 
are likely to be? tempora reipublicae 
qualia futura sint, quis scit? Cic. Phr.: 
persons in straitened c.s, quibus obstat 
res angusta domi, Juv. (for which Cic. 
has angustiae rei familiaris): to be 
brought into the most embarrassing c.s, 
in summas angustias adduci, Cic.; Caes. : 
V. STATE, CONDITION. 

circumstanced: V. SITUATED. 

circumstantial: Phr.: to givea 
c. account of a thing, de aliqua re sub- 
tiliter (scribere), Cic. Att. 2, 21, init. 
(the ad). subtilis refers rather to style; 
as, distinct, precise): a c. account, *nar- 
ratio subtiliter atque accurate rebus 
omnibus scripta s. facta: to rest on c. 
evidence, conjectura contineri, Cic.: c. 

idence, perh. *indicia quae ex veri 
Bimilitudine penden! ; quorum vis non 
testium fide sed rerum veri similitudine 
consistit ; rerum quae m unum locum 
convenire atque inter se congruere 
videntur: cf. Cic. R. Am. 22, 62. 








CPrrEY 


circumstantially; subtiliter: Cie: 
v. preced. art. 
circumvallate: circumvallo; vallo 
(fossaque) cingo, etc.: v. foll. art. 
circumvallation: *circumminitio: 
Caes.: in pl. of lines of c.: Auct. Bell. 
Hisp. Mostly in phr., to form lines of 
c. about a toun, oppidum vallo fossaque 
cingere, circumdare, circumvenire, Cic. ; 
vallo castellisque circummunire, Caes. ; 
circumvallare, Caes.; Liv. (N.B. Not 
corona aggredi or oppugnare; which 
signifies simply to attack on all sides; 
cf. Liv. 37, 5, jin., where corona and 
operibus are contrasted.) 
circumvent: 1, circumvénio, 4 
(i.e. to thwart on every hand, to over- 
reach): Cic.: Sall. 2. circumscribo, 
psi, ptum, 3 (esp. of fraudulent use of 
the law): Cic.: Vv. TO CHEAT. 8. cir- 
cumeo or circiieo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 
(less freq.): Ter.: Mart. 
circumvention:  circumscriptio, 
fraus, ddlus: Vv. FRAUD, DECEPTION. 
circus: circus: Cic.: Liv.: Hor. 
Adj. appertaining to the c., circensis: 
used by Juv. in pl. as subs.; the games 
of the c., circenses (sc. ludi). 
cistern: 1, cisterna: Varr.; Plin. 
2. lacus, us: Liv.: Hor. 3. 
piscina: wooden c.s, p. ligneae, Plin. 
(Cisternae were propery for domestic 
use ; piscinae and lacus for cattle: ef. 
Varr. R. R. 1, 11, jin. and Col. 1, 5, 
init. ). 4, castellum: a publice. or 
reservoir : q. V. 
citadel: arx, arcis, f.: a c. wilhin 
the walls, arx intra mocnia, Liv.: the c. 
and Capitol, arx et Capitolium, Cic. : 
Hor.: v. FORTRESS. 
citation: |. A summons: q. v. 
Il. A quotation: q. v. 
cite: J. Legal: cito, voco; évico: 
Vv. TO SUMMON. Il. Zo quote (q. v.): 
laudo, proféro, ete. 
cithern: cithira: Virg.: Hor.: a 
player on the c., cithirista (male), Cic.: 
citharistria (female), ‘ler. 
citizen: 1, civis, is,c.: no one can 
bea c. of two states, duarum civitatum 
c. esse nemo potest, Cic.: neither a c. 
nor @ stranger, neque c., neque pere- 
grinus, Cic.: the rights of c.s, civium 
jura, Cic.: all your fellow-c.s fear you, 
te metuunt omnes ec. tui, Cic.: Hor. 
2. urbanus (as contrasted with 
rusticus, countryman): idle c.s, otiosi 
urbani, Liv.: Pl. Phr.- @ conspivacy 
of cs, civilis conjuratio, Cic.: a victory 
over c.s, Civilis victoria, Sall.: the plunder 
of c.s, civilis praeda, Tac.: a c.’s dress, 
vestitus civilis, Suet.: a c. of the world, 
cosmicos, Mart. 
citizenship: civitas: to bestow c. 
upon any one, aliquem civitate donare, 
Cic.; civitatem alicui dare, impertiri, 
Cic.: to obtain the c. of Rome, c. Rom- 
anam assequi, Tac.: to lose c., c. amitt- 
ere or perdere, Cic.: to admit a man 
to the right of c., aliquem in civitatem 
recipere, Cic.: to deprive of c., alicui c. 
adimere, Cic.: to obtain the c. fraudu- 
lently, c. furari, Cic. 
Citrate: citras, atis, n.: M. L. 
citron (fruit): 1, citréum: Plin. 
2. médicum malum: Plin. 
citron-tree: citrus, i, f.: Plin. 
citrus (an African tree): citrus, i, 
Plin.; ¢. wood, citrum, Plin.: a 
table of c. wood, mensa citrea, Cic. 
city (subs.): urbs, urbis, f.: the c. of 
Rome, Roma urbs, Cic.: collections of 
dwellings which we call c.s, domicilia 
conjuncta quas urbes dicimus, Cic.: the 
most beautiful c. of all Gaul, pulcher- 
rima totius Galliae urbs, Caes.: the 
founder of a c., conditor urbis, Ov. 
N.B. Not civitas exceptin later authors: 
ct. Gell. 18, 7: “civitatem et pro loco 
et pro oppido dici:” or when the inha- 
bitants (cives) are meant: as, the sad 
and astonished c., attonita et moesta c., 
Suet.: Tac.: v. also Town. Phr.: the 
JSreedom of ac., civitas: Vv. CITIZENSHIP. 
city (adj.): 1, urbanus: c. tribes, 
ur. tribus, Cic. : c. affairs, res ur., Caes.: 
c. luxury, ur. luxus, Tac. 2, urbicus: 
c. traders, ur. negotiatores, Suet.: c. 








CLAIM 





ajfuirs, res ur., Suet. (Urbicus differs 
from urbanus in having a purely local 
reference ; whereas urbanus is esp. used 
of the manners of the city.) 

Civet; zibethum: M. L. 

civet-cat: (?) viverra, Plin.: *viverra 
zibetha, Linn. 

civic: 1. civilis, e: v. crvn, 
2, civicus (chiefly poet.): c. rights, 
c. jura, Hor.: ac. crown, c. corona, Cic. 

civil: |. Relating to citizens (as 
contrasted either with strangers or with 
soldiers): 1, civilis, e: ac. war, c 
bellum, Cic.: ¢. discord, c. discordia, 
Sall.: c. rights, jus c., Cic.: c. law, 
lex, Cic.: the c. day, dies c., Plin. 7 
caavicus (poet.): ¢. commotions, motus c, 
Hor.: ¢. wars, c. bella, Ov. Phr.: 
military and c. offices, imperia et mag- 
istratus, Cic.: @ ¢. war, bellum intes- 
tinum ac domesticum, Cic.: c, death, 
capitis deminutio maxima, Cic.: the c. 
list, *principis sumptus domestici. — f, 
Of manners: V. POLITE, COURTEOUS. 

civilian: |. One skilled in civil 
MW : 1, jiiris or jure péritus: Cato 
uas a very learned c., Cato juris ci- 
vilis peritissimus erat, Cic. 2. juris 
consultus: Cic. Il. A non-military 
peison: 1, tdgatus (in the toga, 
which was the dress of peace): to decree 
a thanksgiving in honour of a c., alicui 
togato snpplicationem decernere, Cic.: 
also used as subs.: Cic., 2. paganus 
(only in later Latin): soldiers and cs, 
mnilites et pagani, Plin.: Tac.: Juv. 

Civility ; Vv. POLITENESS, ATTENTION. 

Civilization: cultus, tis: the Belgae 
are the most remote from the c. and 
refinement of the province, Belgae a cultu 
atque humanitate provinciae longissime 
absunt, Caes.: to bring men Jrom a 
state of barbarism to ome of c., homines 
a fera agrestique vita ad humanum c. 
civilemque deducere, Cic. 

Civilize: 1, excdlo, cdlui, cultum, 
3: from a rude and barbarous state of 
existence we have been c.d and soj ened 
into refinement, ex agresti immanique 
vita exculti ad humanita:em et mitigati 
sumus, Cic.: a cd life, exculta vita, 
Cic. 2, expdlio, 4: Cic.: Gell.: v. 
TO POLISH. 3. Emollio, 4: Ov.: Tac.: 
V. TO SOFTEN. Phr.: he c.d the minds 
of men, which by the pursuits of war 
had become savage and wild, ad bumani- 
tatem atque mansuetudinem revocavit 
animos hominum studiis bellandi jam 
immianes ac feros, Cic. (cf. preced. art.). 

Civilly; v. potrreLy. Phr.: to de- 
cline c., belle negare, Q. Cic. 

clad = clothed: v. To cLoTHE. 

claim (v.): 1, exigo, égi, actum, 
3: I will wart for what you promise, 
and will not c. it except at your conve- 
nience, et expectabo ea quae polliceris, 
neque exigam nisi tio commodo, Cic. 

2. postilo, 1: toc. one’s right, jus 
suum p., Ter.: Caes.: Cic. 3, r&épéto, 
ivi, Itum, 3: (to c. back; of what is 
due): to c. one’s property, bona sua r., 
Cic.: to c. thanks Jor a favour, pro 
beneficio gratiam r., Liv. 4, réposco, 
3 (=repeto): toc. any one for punish- 
ment, aliquem ad poenas r, Virg. 5. 
vindico, 1 (esp. in legal sense): to c. 
one’s betrothed us a free person, Sponsam 
in libertatem v., Liv,: Gell.: the Chians 
c. Homer as their countryman, Homerum 
Chii suum v., Cic.: to c.a part of the 
victory Jur oneself, victoriae partem ad 
se v., Liv. 6, asséro, sérui, sertum, 
3 (c. for oneself) : c. not our praises Jor 
yourself, ne laudes assere nostras, Ov.: 
hec.d for himself the cognomen of for- 
tunate, felicis sibi cognomen asseruit, 
Plin.: the client c.d the virgin as a 
slave, cliens virginem in servitutem as- 
sernit, Liv.; v. TO DEMAND; ASSUME. 

7. interprétor, 1 (rare): foc. a 
victory, i.e. lay c. to it, victoriam ut 
suam int., Vell. 

claim (subs.): 1, postilatio: a 
fatr and honourable c., p. aequa et 
honesta, Cic. Phr.: to prefer a fairc., 
aeqnum postulare, Ter. 2. vindiciae, 
arum (legal c.,: to seek to obtain the 
estates of others by unjust c.s, injustis 

123 





CLAIMANT 


CLASSIC 


CLEANLINESS 





vy, alienos fundos petere, Cic.: Liv. 
3, concursus, tis (a joint or counter 

ce): Cels. Dig. Phr.: to comply with 

the c.s of friendship, amicitiam tueri, 
Cic.: to make a counter c. against any 
one, alicui concurrere, Ulp.: on the one 
hand the public safety makes a c., on the 
other, the king's, concurrit illine publica, 
hine regis salus, Sen.: v. DEMAND 

claimant, claimer: 1. assertor 
(in sense of assero: v. TO CLAIM, 6)° 
the c. of the girl (as his slave), as. puel- 
lae, Liv. 2, pétitor: Cic.: v. SUITOR. 

clamber: Vv. TO cLo1B. 

clamminess; lentitia: Plin. 

clammy: 1, lentus: glue more 
c. than birdlime and pitch, gluten visco 
et pice lentius, Virg. 9. viscidus: 
Theod. Prisc.: v. GLUTINOUS. 

clamorous;: clamosus: Quint. Juv. 
Phr.: c.applause, clamores: v. ACCLA- 
MATION, NOISY. ; 

clamorously: clamosé: Quint. 

clamour (subs.): strépitus, clamor: 
Y. NOISE, SHOUT. 

celamour (v.): esp. in phr. to clamour 
for: flagito, 1: they ¢.'d for corn of me, 
me frumentum flagitabant, Cic.: fo c. 
for am encore, magnis theatri clamoribus 
aliquid reponi f., Plin.- v. TO DEMAND; 
SHOUT. 

clamp (subs.): 1, citéna: Cato: 
Vitr. Q, confibila: Cato. 3, uncus: 
Hor. 

clamp (v.): *catena vel confibula 
defigere, constringere. 

clan: gens, gentis, f. (prob. the 
nearest word). v. FAMILY, RACE. 

clandestine: 1, clandestinus: a 
c. marriage, c. nuptiae, Pl.: c. plans, 
c. consilia, Caes.; Cic. 9. furtivus: 
c. lovers, f. viri, Ov. 3, surrepticius: 
ce. love: s. amor, Pl.. V. SECRET. 

clandestinely: clam, furtim: v. 
SECRETLY, BY STEALTH. 

elang (v.): 1, clango, 3: the 
trumpet’s c. the dreadful signals, hor- 
rida c. signa tubae, Stat. Q. strépo, 
ili, itum, 3: Hor.: Virg. 

clang (subs.): clangor: arises the 
shouting of men and the c. of trumpets, 
exoritur clamorque virum c.que tu- 
barum, Virg.. Liv.: v. DIN, NOISE. 

elank (suwbs.): strépitus, ts: the ec. 
of wheels, s. rotarum, Caes.: v. DIN. 

clank (v.): crépo, ui, Ytum, 1. the 
cymbal c.s, sistrum crepat, Ov.: as soon 
as the chain c.s, the friend will depart, 
quum primum crepuerit catena, amicus 
discedet, Sen. 

clannish: (’) genti suae nimium 
deditus. 

clanship: gentilitas: Cic.: Plin.: 
Vv. CLAN. 

clansman: gentilis, is, m.: Cic.: 
Liv 


clap (v.): obsol. except of clapping 
the hands: 1, plaudo, si, sum, 3 
(both trans. and intr.): to tire the hands 
with c.ing, manus in plaudendo con- 
sumere, Cic. (of applause): Hor. . 
complédo, si, sum, 3: to c. the hands 
together, manus c., Quint.: Petr.: v. 
also TO APPLAUD. 8. collido, si, sum, 
3: with manus: Quint. (For such 
phrases as, to clap a man in prison [ali- 
quem in vincula conjicere], to clap irons 
on a man [manicas, compedes alicui 
impingere}, v. TO CAST; FASTEN, ete.) 
clap, clapping: |. Of the hands: 
plausus, us: palm brought in contact 
with palm produces a c., palma cum 
palma collata plausum facit, Sen.: v. 
FLAPPING ; APPLAUSE. |, Of thunder: 
frigor, Oris, m.: eoelestis f., Quint.: a 
loud c. of thunder, gravis f. Ov. (In 
other senses the word has now become 
obsolete or vulgar. v. BLOW, STROKE.) 
clapper: |. A person who claps : 
plausor: Hor.: Suet. |], The striking 
part of a bell: 1, lingua (?lingula 
s. lignla): pseudo-Lact. aenigm. 179. 
9. malleus: i. ¢. hammer: M. L. 
elap-trap: verba ad summam cav- 
eam spectantia, Sen. Tr. 11, 6, 
claret: *vinum Burdigaletse. 
clarification: défaecatio: M. L. 
clarify: 1, déliquo, 1: Varr.: 


124 


Cels, 










9. liquo, 1: Hor.: Plin.:; v.to 
FILTER. 
clarion: lituus: Hor.: Ov.: a c- 


player, liticen, inis, m.: Cato: Stat. 


clarionet: (?) tibia: Cic.: Virg.: v. 
FLUTE. 
clary (4 plant): horminum: Plin. 
clash (v.): |. To make a noise by 
striking : 1, concrépo, ui, Itum, 1: 
at the first onset the arms c.’d, primo 
concursu concrepuere arma, Liv. 2: 
crépito, 1. the arms c., arma c., Tib. 
||. Zo be opposed to or inconsistent 
with : 1, collidor, lisus, 3: the laws 
c., leges colliduntur, Quint. 2. con- 
fligo, flixi, flictum, 3: the various laws c., 
diversae leges c., Quint. 3. répugno, 
I: most persons do not see how these 
things c., haec inter se quam r., plerique 
non vident, Cic. 4, pugno: v. TO 
OPPOSE, BE INCONSISTENT. 
clash (subs.): |. Notse produced 
by collision : 1, crépitus, us: the c. 
of arms, c. armorum, Liv. Q, sdnitus, 
us: Virg. (of the arms in the wooden 
horse): v. SOUND, NOISE. Phr.: the 
harsh c.ing together of words, asper 
verborum concursus (concursio), Cic.: 
V. COLLISION. |]. Discrepancy: q. v. 
clasp (subs.): |. For fastening : 
fibula: Liv.: Virg. I]. 4x embrace : 
amplexus: V. EMBRACE. 
clasp (v.): |. Zo fasten with a 
clasp : 1, fibiilo, 1: Col. (who how- 
ever uses the word fig.). 2, fibula con- 
necto, annecto, subnecto: Vv. TO FASTEN. 
||. Zo grasp firmly, to embrace: 
], complector, xus, 3: fo c. any 
one’s right hand, dextram alicujus c., 
Virg.: the vine with its tendrils, as 
with hands, c.s whatever it meets, vitis 
claviculis suis, quasi manibus quicquid 
est nacta c., Cic. 2. amplector, 3: 
i. q. complector: v. TO EMBRACE. 4 
préhendo, compréhendo: v. TO GRASP, 
TAKE HOLDOF. Phr.: with the hands 
c.d together, digitis pectinatim inter se 
implexis, Plin. 28, 6, 17 : simly.; digitis 
inter se pectine junctis, Ov. M. 9, 299: 
(but for the most part digitis o7” mani- 
bus inter se junctis would be precise 
enough). 
clasper (of a vine): claviciila, Cic. - 
V. TENDRIL. 
clasp-knife: *culter plicatilis (?) 
Kr 


class (subs.): |. A number of 
objects regarded collectively as possessing 
certain common qualities : 1, classis, 
is, f.: especially of the political c.s insti- 
tuted by Ser. Tullius: Liv.: Cic.: the 
c. of slaves, c. servorum, Petr.. hence, 
fig.: compared with him they seem to 
belong to the very lovest c. (the fifth), 
cum illo collati, quintae classis videntur, 
Cic.: v. infr. (IL). 2. génus, éris, 
n. (the most usu. word to denote a class 
or sort): therers a ec. of men who wish 
to be the foremost in everything, est g. 
hominum qui se primos esse omnium 
rerum volunt, Ter.. of those men there 
are two cs, eorum hominum g. sunt 
dno, Caes. Phr.: to arrange in c.s, 
generatim distribuere, Caes. 8. ordo, 
Inis, m. (esp. of such c.s as the equites, 
senators, etc.: V. ORDER): the c. of hus- 
bandmen, ordo aratorum, Cic. J. Of 
pupils: classis: they had arranged the 
boys in c.s, pueros in classes distribue- 
rant, Quint.. to be at the top of ac.,c. 
ducere, Quint. : v. RANK. 

class, classify (v.): 1. describo, 
psi, ptum, 3: he c.’d the freedmen in 
the four city tribes, libertinos in quatuor 
urbanas tribus descripsit, Liv.: to c. 
the people according to property, ranks, 
and ages, populum censu, ordinibus, 
aetatibus d., Cic. Q. in classes dis- 
tribuere: Quint. 

classic i. e. strictly, belonging to 

classical § the (first) class; with ref. 
to the five classes of Ser. Tullius clas- 
sicus: a c. and careful author, not a 
vulgar one, c. assiduusque scriptor, non 
proletarius, Gell. 19, 9, fin. (Cic. would 
probably have said, scriptor primae clas- 
sis: cf. Acad Prior. 2, 23, 73.) Phr.: 
the Greek and Latin c. authors or c.s, 


auctores utriusque linguae clarissimé, 
Quint.: a c. author, scriptor vetus atque 
probus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 50; optimus 
auctor, Quint.: or (with a more direct 
reference to style), tersus atque elegans 
maxime auctor, Quint.: c. writers, auc- 
tores eminentissimi or summi, Quint.; 
perfecti veteresque (scriptores), Hor. : 
c. literature, i. e. of Greece and Rome, 
Graecae atque Romanae literae, Cic.: ¢. 
antiquities, *antiquitates Graecae et 
Romanae. 
classically: Phr.: to write c., op- 
time scribere, Quint.: or, ad optimorum 
auctorum exemplum scribere. 
classification : 1, descriptio: 
the c. of the people, d. populi, Cic.: Suet. 
Q, distribittio in classes facta: v. 
TO CLASSIFY (/in.). 
classify; v- TO CLASS. | 
clatter (v.): 1. crépo, ui, itum, 
I: v. TO RATTLE. Q, crépito, 1: the 
swords c. on the hard anvils, duris c. 
incudibus enses, Virg. 
clatter. (subs.): 1, strépitus, 
clattering Sus: the c. of folding- 
s,s. valvuarum, Hor.: the c.o/ wheels, 
s. rotarum, Caes. 2. crépitus, ts: 
the c. of feet, c. pedum, Cic.: v. CLASH, 
RATTLE. 
clause: |, A part of a sentence: 
], articiilus: Cic. 2, membrum: 
Cic. Phr.: to speak in short c.s, mem- 
bratim dicere, Cic.: Quint. 8. in- 
cisum (@ short c.): Cic.: Quint. Phr.: 
in short c.s, incise and incisim, Cic.; 


also, caesim, Cic.: Quint. 4, incisio 
(= incisum);_ Cic. Il. A complete 
portion of a law, deed, etc.: 1, ca- 


pit, itis, n.: from the first c. of the 
law to the last, a primo c. legis usque 
ad extremum, Cic. 2. claustila: Ulp. 
3, élogium (in a will): Cic.: Dig. 
clavicle; claviciila: M. L. 
claw: 1, unguis, is, m.: Hor.: 
Ov.: Plin. 2, ungitla (of birds): Pl. 
8. brachium (0/ a crab, etc.) : Ov.: 
Plin. 
claw (v.): Vv. TO SCRATCH. 
clay: 1, latum: Tib.: Plin. 
Phr.: Brick-c. terra lateraria, Plin. 
2. argilla (white or potter’s c..): 
Cic.: Hor. 3. créta (= argilla): 
Cic.: potter’s c., c. figularis, Col.; c. 
figlina, Varr. 4, crétitla (—creta) : 
Cic. Phr.: figures made of ¢., fictiles 
figurae, Cic.: c. vessels, vasa fictilia, 
Cic.: v. EARTHENWARE. 
clayey: 1, litdsus (abounding in 
c.): ac. field, 1. ager, Col.: Cato. i 
liiteus. v.mrry. 3. crétdsus (abound- 
ing un white c.): Ov.: Plin. 4. cre- 
taceus (of the nature of clay): Plin. 
5, argilldsus (= cretusus): Varr. : 
Plin. 6, argillaceus (—cretaceus) ; 
c. soil, terra ar., Plin. 
clean (adj.): 1, mundus: per- 
fectly c. baskets: quala mundissima, 
Col.: ¢. (or neat) furniture, m. supellex, 
Hor. : blessed are the p. wn heart, beati 
mundo corde, Vulg. 2. purus: to 
make a field neat and c., agrum mund- 
um p.que facere, Gell.: a c. dress, vestis 
p.. Virg.: ac. house, p. aedes, Pl. N.B. 
Mundus usu. conveys the additional 
sense of neat, elegant (q. v.); purus that 
of pure, unmixed. Phr.: to make c., 
purgo: Vv. TO CLEAN, CLEANSE: to have 
c. hands (fig.), alieni abstinentem, ab- 
Stinentissimum esse, Plin. Ep.: v. IN- 
TEGRITY. 
clean (v.): purgo, mundo, purum 
facio: v. TOCLEANSE. Phr.: toc. iron 
tools, ferramenta detersa nitidare, atque 
robigine liberare, Col.: esp. with prep. 
out: to c. out a kitchen, mangers, etc., 
culinam, praesepia mundanda curare, 
immunditiis liberare, Col.. to c. out a 
stable, fimum de stabulo egerere, or 
simply stabulum egerere, Lact. (of the 
stable of Augeas)- toc. out hives, alve- 
aria sordibus purgare, Pall.: to c. out 
the bed of the Tiber again, alveum 
Tiberis repurgare, Suet.- to c. out 
sewers, cloacas detergere, Liv. 
clean (adv.): =altogether, extirely: 
xe 


q. V. 
cleanliness: munditia and mun 








CLEANLY 





dities, Si: v, NEATNESS (to which it is 
more nearly equivalent). 

cleanly (adj.): mundus: to be re- 
markable for c., careful habits, mundae 
sedulitatis esse, Ov.. v. NEAT. 

cleanly (adv.) : 1. pairé. to wash 
out vessels c., p. eluere vasa, Pl.. to lie 
more c. and comfortably (of breeding 
cattle), purius et mollius incubare, Col. : 
Plin. 2, mundé, munditer v. NEATLY. 

cleanness: Vv. CLEANLINESS, PURITY. 

cleause: 1. purgo, 1: toc. from 
eaves and ordure, a foliis et stercore p., 
Col. Fig. toc. the bosom, pectora p., 
* V TO CLEAR, CLEAN. So the 


(ii.) expurgo, to 
c. out: Plin. (iii.) dépurgo = expurgo 
or intens. of purgo: Pl.; Cato.  (iv.) 
répurgo, to c. again: Suet.: Plin. a 
défaeco, 1 (to c. from dregs or foulness) : 
VL 8. détergeo, si, sum, 2 (toc. by 
brushing or rubbing): Vv. TO CLEAN 
(Phr.). 4, ablio, ti, itum, 3 (toc. 
by washing): to c. oneself in running 
water, se flumine vivo ab., Virg.: v. TO 
WASH, PURIFY. ; 
cleansing (subs.) : 1, purgatio: 
the c. of sewers, p. cloacarum, 'I'raj. ap. 
Plin. Q, abliitio (by washing): Plin. 
8. More usu. expr. “by verb: as 
to pay attention to the c. of cattle-stalls, 
bobilia mundanda curare, Col.: y. TO 
CLEANSE. 
cleansing (a4j.): piurificus (rare): 
. (in verse, purus might be used ; 
as Ov. lurida aconita, Hor. pallida 
mors, in sense of making ghastly or 
pale) , 
clear (adj.) : j. To the sight: 
1, liquidus (liquid, transparent : 
q.V.): ac. night, |. nox, Virg.: ac. 
light, |. lumen, Lucr. - the c. atmosphere, 
\. aér, Virg. 2, sérénus (unclouded) : 
ac. sky, 1. coelum, Cic.: a c. atmosphere, 
s. aér, Plin.: also used in newt. as subs. 
=clear weather : as, a storm was known 
to have arisen with a c. sky, sereno con- 
stabat nimbum ortum, Liv.: Suet.: cf. 
TO CLEAR UP. 3. candidus (rare in 
this sense: v. BRIGHT). a@ bright and c. 
light, lux clara etc., Pl. (N.B. Clarus, 
illustris, lucidus are all too strong; sig- 
nifying rather bright, luminous: q. v.) 
4. limpidus (of fluids). a c. lake, 
1. lacus, Cat.: perfectly c. wine, vinum 
defecatum quam limpidissimum, Col. 
5, pellicidus (transparent): Cic. 
Phr.: to become c. (of fluids), liquesco, 
licui, 3: to become c. gradually, paul- 
latim 1., Auct. B. Alex.: to make c. (of 
fluids), défaeco, déliquo (liquo): v. To 
FILTER. ||. Totheear: 1, liquidus: 
a c. voice, 1. vox, Hor.: Lucr.: to 
sing a c. note, liquidum cantare, Ov.: 
Vv. LiguID. = Q, clarus (implying loud- 
ness as well as clearness): a c. (dis- 
tinctly audible) voice, c. vox, Cic.: v. 
AUDIBLE, LOUD. 3. candidus: ap- 
plied by Quint. (11, 3, 15), and Plin. (28, 
6, 16), to a kind of voice at once clear 
and musical; and opposed to a thick, 
husicy ome (fusca vox): Cic. applies to 
the same kind of voice the epithet can- 
orus: Vv. MELODIOUS, 4, aciitus: i.e. 
clear and shrill: q. v. Phr.: the 
sounds become clearer (or louder) and 
clearer, magis atque magis clarescunt 
sonitus, Virg. A. 2, 3o1. I. OF 
Space: free, open: 1, pirus: a ec. 
open plain, p. ac patens campus, Liv. : 
the streets ave c., so that nothing inter- 
Jeres with the quict muser, p. sunt pla- 
teae, nihil ut meditantibus obstet, Hor.: 
Varr. 2. apertus, pitens: v. OPEN. 
Phr.: ac., open space (without build- 
ings on it), area, Varr.: v. AREA. [VY 
Ot language, style: lucid: 1. lu 
cidus; Philistus, an imitator of Thu- 
cydides ; and, whilst much feebler, con- 
siderably clearer, Philistus imitator 
Thucydidis; et, ut multo infirmior, ita 
aliquatenus lucidior, Quint.: @ c. ar- 
rangement, 1. ordo, Hor. 2. illustris, 
e (luminous). a c. speech, which puts 
the matter almost before one’s eyes, il. 
oratio quae rem consiituat paene ante 
oculos, Cic.; ac. explanation, il. expla- 





CLEAK UP 
natio, Quint. 3, candidus (a critical 
term, having reference to clearness and 
brightness of style): Herodotus is inter- 
esting, c., and diffuse, dulcis et c. et 
fusus H., Cic.: a c. kind of speaking, c. 
dicendi genus, Cic. 4. significans, 
ntis (telling its tale plainly): used in 
conjunction with lucidus (or dilucidus) 
by Quint. 12, fo. 21, etal. V. /ntel- 
ligible, evident: 1. clarus: your plans 
are clearer to us than the light of day, 
luce sunt clariora nobis tua consilia, 
Cic.. very c. handwriting, clarissimae 
literae, Cic. 2. Ape’tus, manitesius, 
perspicuus: v. EVIDENT. 8. illustris, 
e: a fact c. and known to all, factum il. 
notumque omnibus, Cic. 4. évidens, 
ntis- ac. proof, e. demonstratio, Plin. : 
Vv. EVIDENT. Phr.: to be c., appareo, 
constat, liquet (¢mpers.): the last esp. 
used with a negative as legal term, im- 
plying that a case has not been made 
out (cf. our “‘ not proven”): they brought 
in the verdict that the case was not c., 
non liquere (N. L.) dixerunt, Cic. : Gell. : 
to make a thing quite ¢., rem ad liquid- 
um perducere, Vell.; aiso, rem (veri- 
tatem) ad liquidum explorare, Liv.; ad 
liquidum redigere, Sen.: also, rem claram, 
manifestam, apertam facere or reddere- 
Vv. TO PROVE, EXPLAIN: to becomec. (of 
things explained), claresco, Lucr. N. B. 
Clear is also used in the sense of free 
From: as, c. of blame, expers culpae*or 
liber culpa, etc.: Vv. FREE FROM: also for 
mere, entire, as, so much c. loss: v. 
MERE: with a c. conscience, rect&i con- 
scientia, optima conscientii: v. coNn- 
SCIENCE. 
clear (v.): |, Lit.: to make open 
or clear: 1, expédio, 4: to c. the 
approaches, aditus ex., Caes.: to c. a 
stony field by gathering the stones, agrum 
saxosum lectione lapidum ex.,Col. 2, 
purgo, £:; to c. grownd with hoes, arva 
ligonibus p., Ov.: to c. a place with 
sickles, falcibus p. locum, Cic.: v. To 
CLEANSE, RID OF. 8. exstirpo, 1 (of 
lands): to c. lands of trees and brush- 
wood, agros arboribus atque virgultis 
ex., Pall. 4, extrico, 1: to c. forest 
land, agrum silvestrem ex., Col. (the 
same notion may be expressed by 
agrum purum facere: v. CLEAN, 2). 
5, séreno, 1 (of the weather): Ju- 
piter c.s the sky and the weather, 
Jupiter coelum tempestatesque s., Virg. 
Phr.: he (Themistocles) c.’d the sea of 
pirates, maritimos praedones consect- 
ando mare tutum reddidit, Nep.: to c. 
trees of moss, arbores emuscare, Col. 
(=musco purgare). Fig.: to c. (dis- 
burden) one’s conscience (by confession), 
conscientiam exonerare or se exonerare, 
Curt. (in diff. sense, conscientiam pur- 
gare, v.inf.). ||, To exculpate (q. v.): 
Phr.: to c. oneself relatively to any 
matter, purgare se de aliqua re, Cic.: 
to c. the public conscience (free the state 
of all complicity), publicam conscien- 
tiam purgare, Just.: to c. any one of 
the odium and guilt, invidiam crimenque 
ab aliquo amoliri, Tac. H. 3, 75, fin.: to 
c. (any one from) a charge, crimen 
diluere, Cic. Il. Zo make a profit: 
lucror, lucrifacio: v. TOGAIN. 
— away: 1, détergeo, si, sum, 
23 Y¥. TO SWEEP AWAY, CLEAN OUT. 
2. amolior, 4 (implying forcible 
effort): to c. away the obstacles pre- 
sented by the woods, obstantia silvarum 
a., Tac.: to c.avay every impediment, 
impedimentum omne a., Sisenn.in Non. 
3. amédveo: v.TO REMOVE. (May 
also usu. be expr. by means of some of 
the verbs for to cleanse, q. v.: as, to c. 
away the mice from a house, domum 
muribus purgare, Phaedr.) Phr.: to 
c. away the clouds of the mind, nubila 
animi serenare, Plin.: v. TO CLEAR UP. 
—— off: comicé: amodlior, 4 (with 
pron. refl.): c. off you! hine vos amoli- 
mini, Ter.: Pl. apage! v. AWAY. 
— out: purgo, émundo, détergeo, 
égéro: v. TO CLEAN OUT. 
—— up: |. Trans. 


to explain, 
to remove difficulties : 


1, expéio, 4: 


c. up tus matter for me first of all. hoc | 





CUEARNESS 


mihi expedi primum, Ter.: mors fnily, 
ditucide ex., Ter.: v. TO EXPLam. & 
énddo, 1: toc. up niceties of law, laqueos 
juris e., Gell.: Cic. 3. expHoo, ex- 
plano: v. TO EXPLAIN, UNFOLD. 4. 
défaeco, 1 (prop. to clear of dregs: as 
wine): whatever was formerly uncertain 
in my mind is now c.'d up, quicquid 
Incerti mihi in animo fuit, nune defae- 
catum est, Pl. 5. illustro, 1 (to shed 
light upon): everything has been c’d 
up, made manifest and certain by me, 
omnia illustrata, patefacta, comperta 
sunt a me, Cic. 6, perpurgo, 1 (to 
Clear up thoroughly: rare): Cic. if 
enucleo, 1 (lit. to extract the kernel): v. 
TO EXPLAIN. Phr.: lo c. up obscure 
matters, rebus (obscuris) lumen afferre, 
Cic.; obscuritatem et tenebras ab aliqua 
Te tollere: cf. Cic. Or. 3, 13. fin. Il. 
Intrans,: of the weather; ¢o become 


Jair: dissérénat or disstrénascit (im- 


pers.) : cf. Liv. 39, 46 (where quum dis- 
serenasset = quum ex tempestate se- 
renum factum esset): V’lim: cf, vo 
CLEAR (I. 5.). 
clearance: |. he act of cleariny 
away: in phr. to make a c.=to clear 
away: q. Vv. I]. Mercantile term. a 
kind of receipt: *portorii soluti apodcha 
(R. and A.): v. RECEIPT. 
clearly: |. Prop.=in a clear 
way: 1, claré (strictly of sight; 
but also used with reference to hearing 
or understanding): to see c., c. oculis 
videre, Pl. (and v. inf. 2): to speak c. 
Cree and audibly), c. dicere, Ter. 
ig.: to show c. and evidently, c. atque 
evidenter ostendere, Quint. Very c., 
pracclaré: to explain very c., p. explic- 
are, Cic.: 10 understand quite c., p. 
intelligere, Cic. 2. liquide or liquidd 
(esp. of sounds; also of the action of 
the mind): eagles see more c. (than 
men), moles hear more c., aquilae clarius 
cernunt, liquidius audiunt talpae, Plin.. 
the poets also use the neuter of the adj, 
as, to sing c., liquidum cantare, Cv. 
Fig.. to judge more c., liquidius judic- 
are, Cic.: Liv. 3, licidé (lit. brightly: 
q.v.). Fig.=Eng. lucidly (q. v.): to 
show anything most c., aliquid Incidis- 
sime ostendere, Quint.: Cic. (Similar 
in meaning, but somewhat stronger, is 
the comp. diliicidé: as, to show or ex- 
plain anything c., aliquid d. docere, 
Liv.: the law c. forbids, lex d. vetat, 
Cic.) 4, expressé (cf. TO EXPRESS) : 
to pronounce a letter c., literam ex. 
efferre, Val. Max.. more freq. with ref. 
to the mind=exactly: q.v. 5, plané: 
V. PLAINLY. (N.B. This and the foll. 
words, only in fig. sense; as of that 
which is expressed or explained c.) 
6, perspictié : to explain anything 
plainly and c., aliquid plane et p. ex- 
pedire, Cic.: more fully, dilucide atque 
p.,Plin. Ep. '7, Enucleaté (lit. with the 
kernels extracted or the shells cracked: 
i.e. difficulties and obscurities cleared 
away: freq. in Cic.): to speak of great 
subjects ornately, of humble ones c., 
grandia ornate, e. minora dicere, Cic. 
8, énddaté: similar to enucleate. 


Cic. Q, dperté: v. PLAINLY cf. also 
DISTINCTLY, ARTICULATELY. Il. Ob- 
viously, evidently (q. v.): perspicué, 


aperte, haud dubie, etc. 
clearness: 1, claritas (the near- 
est and most gen. term. but with ref. 
to sight rather = brightness: q. v.): 
the c. of morning, matutina c., Plin.: ¢ 
in the voice, c. in voce, Cic.- c. of speech, 
c. orationis, Quint. ‘The form claritudo 
is also found: ‘Tac.. Gell. 9. sérén- 
itas (of the sky): 8. coeli, Cic.: Liv. 
3. perspicultas: of style: Quint. 8, 
2, I (not so in Cic.). N.B. Otten best 
expr. by means of un udj.: as,on whom 
thy father has vestowed c. of voice, cui 
liquidam pater vocem dedit, Hor.- fa- 
mous for the c. of his style, “insignis 
propter sermonem illustrem atque dilu- 
cidum nothing can exceed his c. of 
style, *oratione ejus nihil potest esse 
illustrius in the first place aim at c. 
in your writings, *imprimis operam da 
ut perspicue scribas vy. CLEAR, CLEARLY. 


125 


CLEAR-SIGHTED 


—_——- 


Clear-sighted: Phr.: to be c. 
sighted, clare cernere, Plin.; acute cer- 
nere (which, however, is rather stronger), 
Lucr.. V. SHARP-SIGHTED. For fig. sense, 
V. SAGACIOUS, SHREWD. 

cleave: A. Trans.: to split 
asunder : 1, findo, fidi, fissum, 3: to 
c. wood, lignum f., Virg.: to c. in two, 
in partes f. duas, Ov.: v. TO SPLIT. 

Q. diffindo, z (to c. asunder): to c. 

asunder, or open, the gates of cities, 
portas urbium d., Hor.: to c. the earth 
asunder (by an earthquake), terram d., 
Luer. 3. infindo, 3 (rare except in 
poets): toc. furrows in the earth, sulcos 
telluri inf., Virg. ; a the sea, sulcos mari 
inf., Virg. 4, scindo, scidi, scissum, 
3 (esp. poet. and fig.): to c. the plain 
with tron, i.e. to plough, aequor ferro s., 
Virg.: toc. the seas, fretas., Ov. 5, 
proscindo, 3 (less freq.) Cat. 6, séco, 
ti, ctum, 1 (in poet. sense) the dol- 
phins c. the seas, swimming, delphines 
mare nando s., Virg.: Uv.: V. TO CUT, 
DIVIDE. (Fut. port. secaturus.) B. 
Intr.: |, 70 part asunder: déhisco, 
dissilio, etc.: v. TO GAPE OPEN, PART 
ASUNDER. I, Toadhere to: adhaereo: 
Vv. TO ADHERE. 

cleavage: Phr.: tohave an oblique 
or direct c. (of stones), *facile in ob- 
tiquum, in rectum findi. 

cleaver; dolabra: v. CHOPPER. 

cleaving: fissio: Cic. (but more usu. 
expr. by verb). 

clef (in music): *clivis; or perh. 
signum (Kr.). 

cleft (subs.): 1, fisstira (of such 
ac. as might be made with a sharp 
tool): Col.: Plin. 92. hiatus, is (a 
deep, yawning ¢.): V. CHASM. 3 
rima: V. CHINK. 4, chasma, Aatis, 7. 
(of the apparent c. in the sky from which 
hightnings issue): Plin.: Sen. Phr . 
to open tn c.s, fatisco (Vv. FISSURE): dé- 
hisco (Vv. TO GAPE): etc. 

cleft (part. and adj.): v. CLOVEN. 

clematis: clémitis, idis, f.: Plin.; 
also Vitis silvestris: Plin. 

clemency: clémentia: ¢. and mild- 
ness (of rule), c. mansuetudoque, Cic : 
gentleness and c., lenitas et c., Cic. (cle- 
mentia is often used in this way with 
some cognate substantive): v. MILDNESS, 
GENTLENEsS. (Clementia, according to 
Habicht, is the disposition which refuses 
to be hurried into violent or intemperate 
measures: lenitas, natural fineness and 
gentleness of feeling ? mausuetudo, mild- 
ness as opp. to natural untamed fero- 
city: Syn. § 252.) With c., clementer: 
Cic.: v. MILDLY. 

clement; clémens, lénis, mansuétus: 
V. MERCIFUL, KIND, GENTLE (and <f. pre- 
ced. art.). 

ciemently (rare); clémenter: Cic.: 
Vv. GENTLY, MERCIFULLY. 

clench (subs): jdcus inurbanus, in- 
facetus, scurrilis: v. JOKE, JEST. 

elench or clinch (“.): bit: 
to bend (a nail) back; to bend or com- 
press the fingers into the form of a fist. 
Phr.: to c,a nail, *clavum retundere: 
to c. the fist, digitos comprimere pugnum- 
que facere (or digitis compressis pugnum 
facere), Cic. Il. Fig.: to make secure 
an argument? perh. Clavo trabali figere 
(lit. to make Jast with a beam-nail; a 
proverbial expr. = to make doubly sure): 
Cic. Verr. 5, 21, 53. (ot argumentum 
premere, which is simply to press or 
insist on an argument.) 

clepsydra: clepsydra (a kind of 
water-clock): Cic.: Mart. 

clergy: |. The whole body of 
clergymen: clérus,i (Gr. xAnpos) Tert. 
(May also be expr. by the pl. of clericus 
or ecclesiasticus : V.CLEKGYMAN.) [| 
Legal term ; as in pbr. benefit of clergy; 
Le. privilege of the clerical order before 





a — 


| 


CLIENT 


tion, ordinatio c., Cypr. Q. cléricalis, 
e: Sidon. 8. ecclésiasticus: v. EC- 
CLESIASTICAL. Phr.. the c. office, cléri- 
catus, Us: Hier. 

clerk: |. Aclergyman:q.v. |. 
An accountant or other writer: acti- 
arius ; scriba: v. ACCOUNTANT, SECRE- 
TARY. Phr.: tobeac.,scriptum facere, 
Liv.: Vv. CLERKSHIP: c. of the market, 
praefectus annonae (but only with ref. 
to provisions): Tac.; in the Greek 
phraseology of Pl., agdrandmus (= ayo- 
pavouos): c. of the customs, scriba 
portorii (Kr.): ¢. of the works (in build- 
ing), (?)exactor operum (strictly a kind 
of taskmaster): v. ex. in Forcell. s. v.: 
parish c., (?) minister sacrorum. 

clerkship: 1, ministérium scri- 
barum: Liv. 4, 8 (where the term de- 
notes the service of clerks or secvetarves 
generally ). 2. scriptum (both of the 
office and of the work): he (Horace) was 
appointed to ac. in the quaestor’s o#ice, 
quaestorium comparavit, Suet.. to 
hold ac, or be a clerk, scriptum facere, 
Liv. 3. scribatus, is (only of the 
office): to appoint to a c., ad s, nomi- 
nare, Cod. Just. 

clever: 1, sollers, rtis: v. skIL- 
FUL. Q. callidus (prop. referring to 
experience; from callum, the hard skin 
of a workman: but applicable to adroit- 
ness of all kinds): very c. at under- 
standing ancient writings, tn intellig- 
endis veteribus scriptis bene c., Gell.: 
a c. invention, c. inventum, Nep.: with 
prep. and ace.; c. at any business, c. ad 
aliquam rem, Pl. Poet. with infin. : c. 
at hiding aught he chooses, quicquid 
placuit condere c., Hor. . vater, 
fra, frum (tricky, sly, artful): the cle- 
verest interpreter of the dreams of the 
Stoics, Stoicorum somniorum vaterri- 
mus interpres, Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 38 (but 
even here the word implies a dishonest 
cleverness). 4, astiltus: v. SLY, CUN- 
NING. 5, ingénidsus (i. e. possessed 
of natural ability): c. at anything, 
ad aliquid in., Ov.: also with in and 
abl.; Mart. Very c., péringénidsus: 
Cic. 6. scitus (i.e. knowing: “up 
to things”? generally: esp. in comic 
writers): Pl. joins several words which 
when so used are nearly synonymous: 
homo astutus, doctus, scitus et callidus. 

7. verstitus (quick; always ready 

with schemes and stratagems: ‘* ver- 
sutos eos appello quorum mens celeriter 
versatur,” Cic.): used often in combi- 
nation with callidus, vafer, acutus, ete. : 
Cie: PL: v. sty. Phr.: @ c. rogue, 
vétérator, Pl. Cic.: the poems of Lucre- 
tius have not much brillvancy of genius, 
but they are very c., Lucretii poemata 
Lon multis luminibus ingenii, multae 
tamen artis sunt, Cic.: v. APT, EXPERT, 
DEXTEROUS. 

cleverly: 1, sollerter, périté: v. 
SKILFULLY. 2, scité. c. and well, s. 
et probe, Pl.- to reason c. and subtly, 
s. subtiliterque ratiocinari, Gell.: of 
works of art: Cie. 3, docté: to play 
on the harp c., d. psallere, Hor. 4, 
astuté: Vv. CRAFTILY, SLYLY. 5, in- 
géniOsé : v. INGENIOUSLY. 

cleverness: sollertia, calliditas ; 
astiitia, vafritia: Vv. SKILFULNESS, CUN- 
NING: and comp. the art. CLEVER. 

clew: V. CLUE. , 

click (v. and swhs.): no exact word ; 
perhaps nothing nearer than crépo, crép- 
itus. 

client: ]. In Roman sense; as 
applied to the dependants of the patri- 
cians (patroni): cliens, ntis, m. and f.: 
Liv.: Cic. A fem. form clienta is also 
found: Pl.: Hor. A body of clients, 
clientéla (“the sing. is rare in this 
sense ” Forc.). he knew that there were 
great bodies of Pompey’s c.s in the hither 


5. 


a secular tribunal: privilegium cleri-| provinces, magnas esse Pompeii c. in 
corum ; Cod. Theod, (gen. term for all| citeriore provincia sciebat, Caes. (here, 


clerical privileges). 
clergyman: 1, clericus: Hier 
92 ecclésiasticus : i. e, a person en- 
gaged in any ecclesiastical Junction v. 
ECCLESTASTICe 


clerical: 1, cléricus: c. ordina- 
126 


however, the word is used in a general 
sense of dependants: q.v.)  Cic. all: 
In modern sense; one who takes the ad- 
vice of a lawyer: 1, consultor. Cic.: 
Hor. 92. cliens: elude the c. that is 
watehing your front door by gong out 





CLIMB 





at the back, atria servantem postico falle 
c., Hor.: to appear on behalf of c.s, 
adesse clientibus, Suet. (But strictly 
our sense of client is only one element 
in that of the Roman cliens.) 

clientship: clientéla (the relation 
of a cliens to bis patronus) : to be under 
any one’s protection and c., esse in fide 
et c. alicujus, Cic.: Ver.: v. DEPEND 
ANCE, PATRONAGE. 

cliff: 1, cautes, is, f. (@ sharp 
rock): Caes.: Virg. Q, scopilus (prop, 
a watch-tower or beacon-rock): Virg.: 
Caes. ; V. ROCK. 3. May perhaps be 
more precisely expressed by a subs. with 
the adj. praeruptus: as, an island sur- 
rounded on all sides by c.s of immense 
height, insula septa undique praeruptis 
immensae altitudinis rupibus, Suet. . 
headlands and ¢.s, promontoria et p. 
saxa, Cic.: simly. with abruptus. v. 
STEEP, PRECIPITOUS, 

climacteric (subs.): climactér, éris, 
m.: Plin. 7, 49, 50 (where, however, it 
is in the pl., and should perhaps be 
written with Greek letters): Gell. 3, 
to. (‘Annus scansilis, vel scalaris, qui 
et gradarius, et decretorius a medicis 
dicitur:” Forcell. s. v.) 

climacteric, climacterical (adj): 
climactéricus Gell. (cf. preced. art.). 

climate: 1, coelum or caelum: 
ec. not soul they change, who hurry o’er 
the seas, c. non animum mutant qui 
trans mare currunt, Hor.- ov else c. has 
bestowed peculiar physical features, seu 
positio coeli corporibus habitum dedit, 
Tac.. features of c., coeli mos, mores, 
Virg.: Plin. 2. tempéries, éi, f. (a 
well-tempered, mild c.): you would 
praise the c., t. laudes, Hor.. Flin. Ep. 

3. loca, orum (with some qualifying 

word): the c. is more temperate than in 
Gaul, the cold being less severe, 1. sunt 
temperatiora quam in Gallia, remissiori- 
bus frigoribus, Caes.: a hot, cold, tem- 
perate c., loca ferventia, frigida, tem- 
perata, Plin. N.B. Not clima, which is 
a mathematical division of the earth: 
see Dict. Ant. s. v.: nor aér, which refers 
rather to the quality of the atmosphere 
of any particular country, or its condt- 
tion as hot or cold, ete. 

climax: 1, gradatio: Cic. de Or. 
3, 54, 207: “gradatio quae dicitur 
kAcuagé,” Quint. 9, 3, 543 from which 
passage it appears that the figure gra- 
datio required a repetition of each mem- 
ber of the progression in passing from 
it to the next; as “‘ Africano virtutem 
industria, virtus gloriam, gloria semulos 
comparavit,” ib. Q, progressio Cic. 
l.c.: where, however, no explanation is 
given. Forcell. s. v. says, “ fortasse 
est, cum in oratione semper aliquid 
priore majus insequitur.” 3. incre- 
mentum pluribus gradibus factum: cf. 
Quint. 8, 4, 3 4, climax, cis, f\-: 
Capell. Phr.: to vise in the vay of c., 
per gradus ire, Quint. ib.: there is an 
uninterrupted c., semper aliquid priore 
majus insequitur; singula incrementum 
habent, Quint. ib. to dwell upon the 
points of a c., circa singulos gradus 
morari, ib. 

climb: |. Intrans.: 1, scando, 
di, sum, 3: the cat c.s up to the bird’s 
nest, s. feles ad nidum volucris, Phaedr, 
Fig.: fear and conscience-stings c. a 
high as their master, timor et minae s, 
eodem quo dominus, Hor. Q, inscendo. 
3 (to c. into): to c. up into a tree, in 
arborem in., Pl.: v. TO MOUNT. 3. 
ascendo, escendo: v. TO ASCEND. 4. 
évado, si, sum, 3 (toc. up); toc. upto 
the top of the roof, e. ad summi fastigia 
culminis, Virg.: to c. over the enemies’ 
heads, per capita hostium e., Curt.: Liv. 

5, énitor, nisus, and nixus, 3: (0 

strugyle up; c. up with an effort): to 
c. up to the top of a mountain, e. in 
verticem montis, Curt.. the horses find 
it hard to c. up when fresh at morn, 
vix mane recentes en. equi, Ov. 6. 
transscendo or transcendo 3 (to cover): 
to c. over into the enemies’ ships, tr. 
hostium naves, Caes,: to c. over @ 
maceriam tr., Caes. 7. supervado, 3 





CLIMBER 

SS Ee ee ee ee a 
(to c. over): to c. over the ruins of a 
wal, ruinas muris., Liv. |], Trans.: 
to mount by c.ng : 1, scando, 3: to 
¢. @ mast, malum s., Cic. Fig.: cark- 
ig care c.s the brass-beaked galley, s. 
aeratas naves vitiosa cura, Hor. O}. 
ascendo, escendo, conscendo, etc.: v. TO 
ASCEND, MOUNT. Also all the verbs 
given under (I.) may convey the tran- 
sitive notion either with or without a 
prep., as, to c. the ridge of a hill, ad 
summum jugum montis eniti, evadere ; 
to c. a tree, in arborem inscendere, 
escendere, etc. 

climber : expr. by part., as, there 
was no projection to help ac., *nibil 
eminebat quod scandentibus auxilio 
esset. As scient. term, the c.s (a class 
of birds), *scansores: of plants, herbae, 
arbores, quae claviculis suis tanquam 
manibus se erigunt: cf. Cic. Sen. 15, 52. 

climbing (swbs.): ascensio, ascensus 
(climbing wp): v. Ascent. (But more 
usu. expr. by part of verb: as, to use 
one’s hands in c., manibus in ascendendo 
se adjuvare: cf. Liv. 21, 36.) 

clime: régio, lca: vy. REGION, cLI- 
MATE. 

clinch: v. T0 cLENcH. 

clincher: now nearly obsol. except 
in colloq. language. Phr.: that’s ac.! 
perh. habet! a phrase of the arena: cf. 
Pl. Most. 3, 2, 26: *illud quasi clavo 


trabali fixum, adactum est: cf. To 
CLENCH. 
cling: 1, Adhaereo, haesi, haesum, 


2 (with in and abl., abl. alone, or dat.) : 
to c. to a body, in corpere ad., Ov.: (my 
shafts) shall c. to thy very heart, in tuis 
visceribus adhaerebunt (al. haerebunt), 
Cic. Fig.: envy c.s to the most exalted, 
ad. invidia altissimis, Vell. (Rare and 
poet. with acc. : Cic.: Lucr.) 2. in- 
haereo, 2 (constr. same as 1): he clasped 
his hand and clung fast thereto, dex- 
tram amplexus inhaesit, Virg.: v. To 
ADHERE. 3, haereo, 2 (constr. sim. 
to preceding): toc. to any one’s bosom, 
in gremio alicujus h., Ov.: to c. to one 
another in fond embraces, avidis com- 
plexibus h., Ov.: toc. to any one's side, 
alicujus lateri h., Hor. 4. (Poet. of 
persons embracing): circumfundor, fisus, 
3: V. TO EMBRACE. Phr.: toc. toa 
hope (i.e. fondly cherish it), spem fovere, 


' Mart.: to c. to pleasure, euse, etc., volup- 


tatem, otium, amplexari, Cic. : and simly. 
with amplector, Cic.: v. TO STICK TO. 
clinic: i.e. one confined to his bed: 
clinicus: Hier.: cf. BEDRIDDEN. 
clinical: Phr.: c. medicine, clinicé, 
és, f.: Plin. 
clink (v.): tinnio, 4 (applicable to 
any tinkling, jingling sound). 
clink (subs.): tinnitus, is: v. JINGLE. 
clip: Zo shear, cut: 1, tondeo, 
tétondi, tonsum, 2: to c. the beard, 
barbam t., Cic.: with the beard some- 
what awkwardly c.’d, rusticius ton- 
sus, Hor.: to c. vines, vites t., Plin. 
92. attondeo, tondi, tonsum, 2 (i. e. 
to c. lightly, or just on the surface): to 
c. vines, vites at., Virg.: v. TO CROP. 
3, détondeo, 2: to c. shrubs, vir- 
gulta d., Col.: to c. (i.e. shear) sheep, 
oves d, Cat.: leaves c.’d off by cold, 
detonsae frigore frondes, Ov. 4, mii- 
tilo, 1 (i. e. to dock, mutilate): toc. off 
the end of a viper’s tail, caudam colu- 
brae m., Ov. Fig.: to c. words (in 
pronunciation), verba m., Plin. 5. 
decurto, 1 (—mutilo): Arnob. (rare). 
See also TO PRUNE, CUT OFF Or AWAY, 
etc. N.B. Not cireuwmcido, which sig- 
nifies to gash all round, as in the phrase 
circumcidere arbores, Plin. 16, 39, 74: 
circumtondeo is without good authority 
as a verb, though the p. part. circum- 
tonsus occurs (Petr.). 
clipped (as adj.): tonsilis, e: a c. box 
grove or hedge, t. buxetum, Mart.: Plin. 
clipping (svbs.): |, The act: ton- 
stra: the c. of the hair, t. capillorum, 
Ov.: Plin. (Or expressed by the verb.) 
Ij. In pl. only: clippings: réseg- 
mina, um: Plin.: v. PARINGS. 
clique: (@) glébus: that c. of the 
sristocracy, g lle nobilitatis, Sall. Jug. 


OLOD 





| 85. See also Faction, party. NB. 
Not sodalitas, which is not used in an 
invidious sense. But ef. this with what 
is said s. v. “club” respecting the word 
sodalitas. 
cloak (subs.): 1, pallium, dim. 
pallidlum, poet. palla (the last esp. of 
the tragic robe, * palla honesta,” Hor. 
A. P. 278, or a lady’s mantle: q. V.): 
this was “the most common article of | 
the amictus,” or external attire (Dict. 
Ant. 852 a.), and consisted of a simple 
Square of woollen or linen fabric (p. 
laneum, linteum): it also served as a 
blanket on occasion. Strictly, therefore, 
it was rather a shawl (q. v.) than a 


| 








cloak. Wearing such a garment, pal- 
liatus: Cie. 2. lacerna (a thick c. 
used to throw over the toga in bad wea- 
ther: its form was similar to that of the 
pallium: v. Dict. Ant. s. v.): Cic.: Ov. 
Wearing the lacerna, lacernatus: Vell. 
3. laena (= pallium laneum: rare): 
Varr.: Cic. 4. paenila (a travelling 
c., with a cape or hood to it): Cic.: Hor. 
Dressed in such u c., paeniilatus: Cic. ; 
Sen. 5, chlimys, ydis, 7. (prop. a 
Joreign garment: lighter and more orna- 
mental than the preceding): Cic.: Virg. 
Wearing such ac.or scarf, chlamydatus : 
PIs) Cic: 6, amiciilum (a general 
term, applicable to any one of the pre- 
ceding; corresponding as it does to 
amictus: v. supr.1): Cic.: Nep. ie 
sigum, sigiilum (a soldier’s c.; whereas 
the paludamentum was worn by gene- 
rals and superior officers only: slaves 
also wore saga: see Cato, R. R. 59): 
to put on the war-cloak, i. e. to enter a 
state of war, saga sumere, ad s. ire, Cic. : 
the term is sometimes applied to the 
cloak of a general also, esp. when he is 
not appearing in an official character : 
cf. Liv. 21, 4, “ militari sagulo opertus ” 
(of Hannibal). Wearing the military c., 
sagatus: Cic. 8, palidamentum (a 
general’s official c.: v. No.7): Liv.: Plin. 
Wearing such ac., palidatus: Liv. 9, 
abolla (@ thick c., worn by philosophers) : 
Suet.: Juv. 10, endrémis, idis, f. (a 
coarse warm wrapper used by athletes 
after going through their exercises): 
Mart. N.b. For cloak in fig. sense, see 
PRETEXT, PRETENCE. 
cloak (v.) : i.e. to hide a thing under 
a pretext : 1, dissimilo, 1: to invent 
nothing, c. nothing, conceal nothing, 
nihil fingere, nihil d., nihil obtegere, 
Cic.: Sall.: v. TO DISGUISE, FEIGN. Q, 
praetendo, di, sum, and tum, 3 (lit. to 
extend something in front, so as to hide 
another thing: with ace. and dat.) : you 
are in the habit of c.ing your brutal 
ways with the name of a great philo- 
Sopher (Pythagoras), hominis doctissimi 
nomen immanibus tuis moribus soles p., 
Cic.: Quint. 3, praetexo, ui, xtum, 
3 (similar in sense to praetendo: with 
acc. and abl.): to c. one’s fault under 
(another) name, culpam (alio) nomine 
p., Virg.: Tac. See also TO HIDE, PAL- 
LIATE, EXCUSE. 
clock: 1, horélogium (gen. term 
for an instrument to mark the time): 
Cic.: Plin. A c¢. goes, stops, is right, 
wrong, (perh.) bh. movetur, moveri de- 
sinit, ad horas congruit, non congruit ; 
recte, perperam horas indicat (chiefly 
from Kr.). 2, solarium: prop. a 
sun-dial; but also used by Cic. of a 
water-clock (s. ex aqua, N. D. 2, 34, 87). 
3. horae, arum: when we see any- 
thing moved by certain machinery, as a 
sphere, a c., qauum machinatione quadam 
moveri aliquid videmus, ut sphaeram, 
ut horas, Cic. 4. clepsydra (a water- 
clock: Gr. eAeyddpa): Cic.: Sen. Phr.: 
what oc. ts it? Fore quota est, Hor, : 
to ask what o'c. it is, horas requirere, 
Sen. ; horas quaerere, Plin.: at two (or 
according to our reckoning about 8 a.m.) 








oc. next day, hora secunda postridie, 
Cic. 

clock-work: chiefly in such pbr. as, 
to move like c., *instar antomatorum 
| moveri. 
| clod: gléba: to pelt any one away | 
with ¢.s or stones, glebis aut saxis ali- | 


| 





CLOSE WITH 





quem agere, Cic.: Hor. Dimin. glébila 
a small c.: Col. (tor the fig. sense, see 
BLOCKHEAD.) 
clodhopper: v. cLown. 
clog (subs.): |. Lit: @ high, 
heavy shoe: sculponéa: the ordinary 
wooden shoes furnished to slaves: see 
Cato, R. R. 59. ll. Fig.: mora, im- 
pédimentum: v. HINDRANCE. Plr., 
to act as ac. upom a persm, tardare 
aliquem, Caes.: Hor.: to c. the progress 
of an affair, alicui rei moram et tardi- 
tatem afferre, Cic.; v. foll. art. 
clog (v.): i.e. to hinder, fetter: im- 
pédio, implico, tardo, etc.: v. To EM- 
BARRASS, FETTER, DELAY: and comp. 
preceding art. Phr.: a compact c.’d 
with unfavourable conditions, foedus 
conditionibus gravibus incommoda- 
tum (?). 
cloister: |. A portico (q. v.): 
porticus. Il. A monastery (q. v.): as 
in such phr. as the retirement of the c., 
etc.: moOnastérium, etc. 
cloistral: v. monastic. 
close (v.): A. Trans.: |, Lit: 
to shut or bring together: v. TO sHUT. 
1, claudo, si, sum, 3: the Alps were 
cd by winter, clausae hieme Alpes 
sunt, Liv.: to c. the sluices, rivos c., 
Virg.: toc. the line of march, |. e. bring 
up the rear, agmen or novissimum ag- 
men c., Caes.: toc. a work, opus c., Ov. 
2, dpério, ui, rtum, 4 (to cover up): 
to c. doors, fores op., Plin.: he was borne 
in a c.d litter, operta lectica latus est, 
Cic.: to c. the eyes, oculos op., Plin. 
(oculos claudere is rather to shut the 
eyes in death). 8. prémo, pressi, 
pressum, 3 (to press, close tightly); toc. 
the eyes or lips, oculos, os pr., Virg. 
4, comprimo, pressi, pressum, } 
(stronger than premo): to c. the hand 
tightly, in the form of a fist, c. in pug- 
hum manum, Quint.; digitos c. et pug- 
num facere, Cic. 5, glitino, 1 (of 
wounds): tf the edges of the wound 
have c.d, si orae vulneris se glutinarunt, 
Cels. 6. denso, 1: or denseo, 2 (i.e. 
toc. up thick together): to c. the ranks, 
ordines densare, Liv. Il. To bring te 
anend: V. TO FINISH, CONCLUDE. (N.B. 
Claudo is sometimes, but rarely, used 
in this sense: as, to close a lustrum, or 
period of five years, c. lustrum, Hor. : 
and v. supr.1.) Phr.: to c. a bargain, 
emptionem, venditionem contrahere, per- 
ficere (the latter denoting more expressly 
the completion of the contract), Just. 
Inst. 3, 23: (N.B. Not negotium con- 
ficere ; which is simply to sinish a busi- 
ness): no bargain can be c.d without the 
specification of a price, nulla emptio 
sine pretio esse potest or constat, ib. 
. Intrans.: |. Zo come to- 
gether, be shut up: 1, Expr. by 
any of the transitive verbs under (A), 
and the refl. pron., or in pass.: as, the 
eyes c., premuntur, premunt se oculi, 
etc.. Vv. supr. 9. cdéo, ivi and fi, 
itum, 4: the eyelids of the sleeper do not 
c., palpebrae dormientis non c., Cels.: 
the fingers c., digiti c., Ov.: claws c.ing 
to bite or pinch, forficibus ad morsum 
coeuntibus, Plin.: so of wounds c.ing: 
Ov.: Cels. (cf. supr. I. 5). I], To 
come to an end: expr. by pass. of verbs 
for to finish, end. 
rye |. Trans.: v. TO EN- 
cLosE. |, Intr.: phr.: toc. in upon 
the enemy, undique fauces hostium prem- 
ere, cf. Cic. Verr. 3, 74, 176; faucibus 
(bostem) urgere, Sall. Cat. 52 (yin.). 
over: siipervénio, véni, ventum, 
4 (rare): the earth c.d over her legs as 
she was speaking, crura loquentis terra 
supervenit, Ov. (or expr. by pass. of 
obduco: cf. Plin. 3, 63 sin.). 
— up: Claudo, praecliido, obsépia, 
etc.: Vv. TO BLOCK UP, SHUT UP 
with: |. Of fighting: (min- 
um) conséro, sérul, rtum, 3 (fo come to 
an engagement): Cic.: Liv. Or more 
precisely, cominus aggredi aliquem, ire 
in aliquem, Ov.: cominus gladio rem 
gerere, Liv. (i. e. to fight at close quar- 
ters): simly.. rem ad mucrones et manus 
adducere, Tac. lI], Of bargains; # 
12] 








CLOSE 


CLOTHES 





oer agree to: accipio: cf. Ter. And. 
5, 4, 48 ° 

close (adj.) : |. Packed closely to- 

ether : ], confertus (crowded toge- 
aad : “serried,” Milt.) very c. array, 
confertissima acies, Caes.: to be drawn 
up in closer array, confertiores stare, 
Liv. Hence adv. confertim, in c. array, 
Liv.: Sall. 9, arctus or artus (con- 
fined; tightly packed: usu. in bad 
sense, too c): c. dinner-parties, (i. e. at 
which people sit too c. together), a. con- 
vivia, Hor.: to be passed through a c. 
seve, cribro a. transire, Plin.: v. NAR- 
ROW, TIGHT. 8. spissus (with compo- 
nent particles packed c. together): v 
THICK. 4. densus (sim. to spissus ; 
but spissus refers to particles packed to- 
gether without perceptible interstices : 
densus in less rigid sense to things 
crowded together; opp. to rarus): three 
camps arranged very c. together, trina 
castra densissima, Caes.: enemies c. to- 
gether, d. hostes, Virg.: v. DENSE. 5) 
creber, bra, brum (frequent, numerous ; 
coming close upon one another): veins 
and arteries c. together and many, venae 
et arteriae c. multaeque, Cic. Phr.: to 
come toc. quarters: Vv. TO CLOSE WITH. 

{]. Of style: concise, full of matter : 
1, creber rerum frequentia: Cic. (of 

Thucydides). 2, densus: also applied 
to Thuc. by Cic.: v. CONCISE, CON- 
DENSED. |||, Of relation or connexion ; 
intimate (q.v.): Phr.: to be on the 
closest possible terms with any one, ali- 
quo familiarissime uti, Cic.: there is the 
closest affinity between the orator and 
the poet, est finitimus oratori poeta, Cic. : 
very Cc. connexion, summa necessitudo, 
Cic.: Quint.: very c. attention, animus 
intentissimus: v. ATTENTIVE. [V, Of 
the atmosphere; oppressive: crassus 
atque gravis (the former referring to its 
dense nature, as of Boueotia, Hor. Ep. 
2, 1,244; the latter toits unhealthiness : 
Tac. H. 5, 7); impirus: v. FOUL, IM- 
PURE. V. Niggardly (q. v.): parcus, 
milignus: V.MEAN, STINGY. (N.B. For 
close=near, see foll. art.). 

close (adv.) : 1, propé, proximé : 
Vv. NEAR. , Juxta (both as adv. ard 
as prep. with acc.): he pitched his camp 
c. to the walls, j. murum castra posuit, 
Caes.: Vv. HARD BY, N.B. The form 
juxtim also occurs, though rarely: 
Lucr.: Suet. 3. May sometimes be 
expr. by an adj.: as, they stand c. 
around, densi circumstant, Ov. (cf, 
CLOSE, adj. I). Phr,: to be c. at hand, 
adesse, subesse (Vv. NEAR, TO BE); or of 
a hostile attitude, alicui in cervicibus 
esse, Liv. (but denoting an actually me- 
nacing danger, not a merely wmpending 
sone; Llv. 22, 33); alicui supra caput 
esse, Sall.: Liv: comp. TO CLOSE WITH 
and see CLOSELY. 

close (subs.): |, Anenclosed place: 
septum, clausum. v. ENCLOSURE. ll. 
Termination : 1, exitus, tis: tobring 
anything to a c., adducere aliquid ad 
ex., Cic.: at the c. of the former year, 
exitu superioris anni, Liv.: v.END. Q, 
clausiila: the c. of an edict, Cic.: esp. Ee 
the c. of a period in rhetoric, Cic. : 
bring anything to ac., alicui rei c. te 
ponere, Col.: Sen. ll. A grapple in 
wrestling : luctatio: v. STRUGGLE. 

close-fisted : parcus, restrictus, 
astrictus: V. NIGGARDLY. 

close-fistedness: parsimonia, tén- 
acitas: Vv. NIGGARDLINESS, MEANNESS, 

closely; Phr.: to sitc., arcte sed- 
ere, Cic.: to embrace c., arcte com- 
plecti, Cic.: things very c. connected, res 
subtiliter connexae, Lucr.: to follow any 
one very c., alicujus vestigiis ingredi, Cic. 
to question any one c., ex aliquo subti- 
liter, diligeftter, exacte, de aliqua re 
quaerere: Vv. ACCURATELY, CAREFULLY; 


INTIMATELY. ; 
oloseness: |. Thickness (q. v.). 
densitas. Nearness (q. vV-): pro- 


pinquitas. In fig. sense, of c. of rela- 

tion: Phr.: nothing can exceed the c. 

of these ties, *his necessitudinibus arc- 

tius nihil esse potest (Vv. CONNEXION) : 

in accordance with the c. of our con- 
128 





nexton with each other, pro conjunctione 
nostra, Cic. II]. Of style: in most 
cases expr. by adj. or by a phr.: as, to 
aim at the c. of the style of Thucydides, 
studere se, tanquam Thucydidem, rerum 
frequentia cerebrum esse: remarkable 
Jor thec. of his style,ob densum ser- 
monem insignis (cf. CLOSE, adj.). IV. 
i.q. penuriousness (q. V.): ténacitas ; 
(nimia s. astricta) parsimOnia: v. NIG- 
GARDLINESS. V. Of the air: gravi- 
tas, impuritas: Vv. UNHEALTHINESS, IM- 
PURITY. 

close-stool: _—1,_lasinum: Petr. 

2. sella pertiisa: Cato: also simply 

sella, Scrib. : s. familiarica, Varr. 

closet (s.): i.e. a small room : 71 
aedictla: Pl. 2. cella: Ter.: Cic. : 
Vv. CHAMBER, CABINET. 

closet (v.): chiefly in p. part.: as 
to be c.'d with any one, *in cubiculo se- 
cretiore cum aliquo esse; arbitris remo- 
tis cum aliquo loqui: v. PRIVATELY. 

clot (subs.) : *sanguinis concreti gutta 
(?); or simply, concretus sanguis, cruor : 
cf. foll. art. 

clot (v.): cdto, concresco: v. TO 
CURDLE. Chiefly used in p. part.: clot- 
ted, concrétus: hair c.'d or matted to- 
gether with blood, concreti sanguine 
crines, Virg.: v. CURDLED. 

cloth: 1, textum (esp. in pl.): 
coarse c., t. rude, Ov.: prectous c., texta 
pretiosa, Ov.: Mart. 2. textile, is, 
mn. (often pl.): carefully made, fine 
c., t. operosum, Cic.: painting on c., 
pictura in textili, Cic.: Liv.: they use its 
leaves for c., ejus foliis utuntur ad tex- 
tilia, Plin, (N.B. Pannus appears never 
to be used for cloth as a fabric, but 
always of a ynece of cloth, a garment, 
etc.: v. PATCH.) Special terms: linen 
c., linteum, Cic.; Plin.: hair or sack-c., 
cilicium: Varr.: Cic.: @ table-c., stra- 
gula vestis: a term applicable to any 
kind of cloth used to spread over any- 
thing. 

clothe: ], vestio, 4 (the most 
comprehensive term): to be c.d in tri- 
umphal dress, habitu triumphali ves- 
tiri, Plin.: some animals are covered 
with hides, others c.d with fur, ani- 
mantes aliae coriis tectae sunt, aliae 
villis vestitae, Cic.: the mountains are 
c.d@ with forests, montes silvis vesti- 
untur, Liv.: to c. and adorn one’s dis- 
covertes with eloquence, inventa v. atque 
ornare oratione, Cic.: Quint. 2. con- 
vestio, 4 (to c, completely: rare and 
chiefly poet.): the ivy has c.d every- 
thing, omnia convestivit hedera, Cic. : 
Lucr. 3. vélo, 1 (prop. to veil, drape, 
cover): clad in the toga, velatus toga, 
Liv.: clad in a purple garment, pur- 
purea velatus veste, Ov. 4, indi, 
ui, itum, 3 (chiefly with pron. reflect. 
or as pass.; in sense of to c. oneself : 
see also to put on): c.d in a gilded 
mantle, palla inaurata indutus, Auct. ad 
Her.: Cic.; also poet. with acc. of that 
which ts put on: clad in the spoils of 
Achilles, exuvias indutus Achillei, Virg. 
(where the constr. is that of the Gr. Mid. 
Verb). Esp. meton.: gods c.d in the 
human form, dii induti specie humana, 
Cic. : the tree c.s itself with fruit, pomis 
se induit arbos, Virg.: c.d as it were in 
two characters, indutus duabus quasi 
personis, Cic. 5, amicio, icui, and ixi, 
ictum, 4 (i. e. to throw or wrap around ; 
hence only with ref. to external cloth- 
ing): c.dina purple toga, amictus toga 
purpurea, Cic.: with thy radiant shoul- 
ders c.d in cloud, nube candentes hu- 
meros amictus, Hor. 

clothes, clothing: 1, vestis, 
is, f (also including all kinds of dra- 
pery): to strip the fallen of their c., 
jacentes veste spoliare, Nep.: Cic.: v. 
DRESS, 9. vestitus, is (only used of 
clothing: whether lit. or fig.): woman’s 
c., V.muliebrig, Cic.: one’s necessary c., 
necessarius y., Cic.: the verdant cloth- 
ing of the banks, riparum v. viridis, 
Cic. 3. vestimentum (any single 
article of dress: hence, in pl. clothing 
tn general): to change one’s c., vesti- 
mmenta mutare, Cic. (which must be 


CLOVEN 





carefully distinguished from vestitum 
mutare, to go into mourning): Hor. 
4, amictus, tis (outer clothing): v. 
DRESS. 5, vélamen, inis, n. (strictly, 
a covering: poet.): Virg.: Ov. Special 
terms and phr.: cast off c.s, extiviae, 
Pl.: old c.s, scrita, orum, Lucil. ap. 
Gell.; and hence, an old c.s-man, scrata- 
rius, ib.; the business of such. scrutaria, 
Apul.: an old c.s-shop, scrutarium, 
Gloss.: a@ c.s-chest, arca vestiaria, Cato: 
@ c.s-press, vestiarium, Plin.: a dealer 
im ¢.s, vestiarius, Ulp.: bed-c.s, stra- 
gula vestis, or simply stragilum, Cic.: 
Vv. also COVERLET: @ servant whose bust- 
ness ut is to look after c.s, vestispex, 
Jem. vestispica, Inscr.; also servus a 
veste or ad vestem: Inscr. (Fore. s. v.) : 
a full suit of c.s, synthésis, is, f.: Mart. 
Clothier : : vestiarius: v. CLOFHES 


clsuisne® : vestitus, vestimenta, etc.: 
V. CLOTHES. 

clotted; concrétus: v. To cLoT. 

cloud: 1. nubés, is, f. (the most 
comprehensive term): swmmer c.s, aes- 
tivae n., Virg.: a dark gloomy c., atra 
n., Hor.: ¢.s gather, n. globantur, Plin. 
Meton: ac. of dust, n. pulveris, 
Liv.: c.s of locusts, n. locustarum, Liv. 
Fig.: banish the c. from your brow, 
deme supercilio n., Hor.: to grasp at c.s 
and unsubstantial things, nubes et inania 
captare, Hor. Dimin. nubéciila, a small 
c. (both lit. and fig.): Cic.: Plin. i 
nubila, orum (only in pl. ; mostly poet.) : 
Jove cleaving the c.s with gleaming fire, 
Diespiter igni corusco n. dividens, Hor. : 
to scatter the c.s, n. disjicere, Quint. 

3. nimbus (a dark c. of rain or 

storm): c.s obscured the day, involvere 
diem n., Virg.: a dense c., densus n., 
Liv. Meton.: ac. of yellow sand, 
fulvus n. arenae, Virg.: ac. of foot-sol- 
diers, n. peditum, Virg.: a c. of missiles, 
n. telorum, Lucan. Fig.: J am glad 
that this c. (or storm) has quickly passed 
by, hunc quidem n. cito transisse laetor, 
Cic. Phr.: to throw a c. over anything 
(of that which renders gloomy): tene- 
bras, caliginem obducere: v. GLOOM. 

cloud (v.): chiefly in pass. Phr.: 
the sky ws ly c.’d over, eripiunt 
subito nubes coelum, Virg.; tenebrae, 
nubes, se coelo obducunt: cf. Plin. 11, 
37, 543 (or, coelum nubibus obduci- 
tur, for obduco admits both construc- 
tions); removent subeuntia nubila coe- 
lum, Ov. F. 2, 493; also simply nubilat 
(impers.): Varr. Nubesco, to be c’d 
over, become cloudy, is of doubtful autho- 
rity; and obnubilo, to becloud, appears 
to occur only in fig. sense Gell.). 

gi floud-born : nibigéna, m.: Col: 


<elgua bringing: _nibifer, Gra, 
érum: the c. S. wind, n. Notus, Ov. 

cloud-capped: nubifer: c. A 
nines, n. Apenninus, Val. Flac. - 

cloudless: 1, sérénus- v. Far 

, apertus; v. OPEN. Phr.: cloud- 

less sky or weather, purum, Hor.; more 
usu.: sudum; Virg.: Apul. 

cloudy. 1, nubilus: a@ c. sky, n. 
coelum, Plin. (or simply nubilum, Plin.: 
Snet.): @ ¢. year, n. annus, Tib.: the ce 
hue of a pearl, n. color margaritae, Plin. 
Fig.: a. c. mind, n. mens, Pl.: c. times, 
n. tempora, Ov.: Quint.: somewhat c., 
subnibilus: Caes. 2. obniubilus 
(rare): poet. ap. Cic. 3, nubilosus 
(rare): Apul. (For to become c. or over- 
cast, see TO CLOUD.) 

clout (swbs.): pannus: v. PATCH. 

clout (v.): chiefly in p. part. clout- 
ed: pannosus, pannuceus, pannis obsit- 
us: V. PATCHED. 

clove: *caryophyllus aromaticus, 
Linn. (Caryophyllum or garyophyllum 
occurs in Plin., but it is not certain what 
plant is meant ) 

cloven: 1, bisulcus: a c. tongue, 
b. lingua, Ov.: a c. hoof, b. ungula, Plin.: 
animals with c. hoofs, bisulca, orum, 
Plin. Oy dupes, Icis: c. tongues, 
d. linguae, PL: (?) fig., d. fous, Hor, 
Phir ve into Tee trisulcus, Virg.: 
Ov.: c. into many segments, multifidus: 





CLOVEN-FOOTED 


COAL-VESSEL 


COATING 





Ov.: Plin.: not c. (as the hoofs of 
horses), indivisus: Varr. 

cLoven-footed : bisulcas ungulas 
habens (v. preced. art.) 

clover: médica(?): Virg.: Plin. 
(The trifolium referred to by Pliny, 21, 
g, 30, may have been a kind of clover, 
but it is uncertain. He speaks of it 
ouly as used by chaplet-makers, and not 
as agricultural produce.) 

clown: |. 4 countryman : 4 IS 
Trusticus homo or simply rusticus: Cic. : 
Hor. 2. homo agrestis (implying 
rough boorishness): Cic. 3, fossor 
(lit. digger): Cat.: Hor I], 4 bus- 
Foon: q. v. 

clownish: 1, rusticus (i.e. sa- 
vouring of the country, innocent of town 
refinement): v. RUSTIC, AWKWARD. 2, 
agrestis, €: V. BOORISH, RUDE. 

clownishly : rusticé. to speak c., r. 
loqui, Cic.: Hor.: v. AWKWARDLY. 

clownishness: _ 1, rusticitas. 
politeness, the opposite of which is c., 
urbanitas, cui contraria est r., Quint.: 
Vv. AWKWARDNESS. 2. mores rustici, 
inculti: v. CLOWNISH, UNCULTIVATED. 

cloy: sitio, sitiiro. v. TO SATIATE. 
Phr.: “ Milton has varied his numbers 
in such a manner as to be incapable of 
satiating the ear and c.ing the reader,” 
(Spect.), *ita numeros suos variavit ut 
minime aures quasi putida dulcitudine 
satientur. 

cloying (vdj.): *adeo dulcis ut puti- 
dum sit; ut fastidium s. nauseam mo- 
veat. 

club (swvbs.): fA cudgel: = 1, 
clava: a knotty c., (of Hercules), trino- 
dis c., Ov.: to maul severely with c.s 
and cudgels, male mulcare c. ac fusti- 
bus, Cic. Q, fustis: v. CUDGEL, STAFF. 
The bearer of ac. (esp. of Hercules), 
claviger, Gri: Ov. I]. A number of 
persons comlined for some common ob- 
ject: 1. sddaliias (originally a mere 
Sriendly association): c.s were instituted 
during my quaestorship, s. me quaes- 
tore constitutae sunt, Cic. Esp. as 
afterwards became the case, for some 
secret illegal purpose: Cic. The members 
of such c.s, sddales: Pl.: Cic. Q, sid- 
alitium or -icium (i. q. sodalitas, which 
however appears to be the better form): 
Plin. $8, collégium: he (Caesar) 
broke up the c.s, except those established 
of old, cuncta c. praeter antiquitus con- 
Stituta distraxit, Suet. (also dissolvere, 
in same sense, Suet.): Cic. (The term 
colleginm was originally applied esp. to 
tune body of quaestors, tribunes; the 
Capitoline artificers, and some other cov- 
porations: Forcell. s. v.) 4, hétaeria 
(Gr. ératpia): Plin. Ep.; who applies 
the term to what we should call guilds 
or trades-unions. In a bad sense the 
term factio is used to stigmatise bodies 
of the above kind: Plin. Ep.: Suet.: 
V. SOCIETY, CIRCLE. 

club together (v.): pecunias con- 
ferre (used by Suet. Caes. 19, of con- 
tributing to the expenses of an election) : 
Vv. TO CONTRIBUTE: conspiro, conjiro: 
V. TO CONSPIRE, COMBINE. 

club-footed: pedes pravos ac dis- 
tortos habens. 

club-moss: (?) stlago, inis, 7: Plin. 

cluck (.): 1, singultio, 4: Col. 

2. glocio, 4: Col. (The former of 

the ordinary noise made by a hen with 
her young, Col. 8, 11, fin.; the latter, 
premonitory of laying: “ glocientibus ; 
sic enim appellant rustice eas aves quae 
volunt incubare,’’ Col. 8, 5, init.) a 
glocido, gluttio=glocio: Fest. s. v. 

cluck (subs.): singultus, tis: Col. 8, 
5, amit. (But usu. expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art.) 

clue: glomus, éris, m. (a ball or c. 
of yarn): Lucr.: Hor. Phr.: toguide 
one's steps by a c., regere filo iter, Virg.; 
lino duce regere iter, Prop.: to give ac. 
to one’s (real) meaning, sermonis ansas 
dare, quibus reconditos ejus sensus ali- 
quis tenere possit, Cic. 

clump: esp. of trees: perh. gliébus; 
or better, arbores globo densae; v. 
GROUP. 


clumsily : 1, inscité (without 
address or skill): to joke c., in. jocari, 
Cic.: ac. built ship, in. facta navis, Liv. 
9, rusticé: v. AWKWARDLY. 3. 
vaste (esp. of broad, ungainly pronun- 
any to speak c. (or broadly), v. 
loqui, Cic.: Quint. 4, inéléganter: 
V. INELEGANTLY. 
clumsiness; rusticitas: v. aAwk- 
WARDNESS. See alSO INELEGANCE, UN- 
WIELDINESS ; and foll. art. 
clumsy: |. Of figure, gait, etc. : 
1. Inbabilis, e: 1. e. unmanageable, 
unwieldy: q. Vv. 2. vastus (after 
the manner of bulky things): in fea- 
tures and gaitc. and awkward, vultu 
motuque corporis v. atque agrestis, 
Cic.: Gell. See UNcouTH, AWKWARD. 
I]. Of skill, address: 1. insci- 
tus: V. UNSKILFUL. 9. rusticus, 
agrestis: v. CLOWNISH. See also RUDE, 
INELEGANT. 
cluster (subs.): Il. Lit.: of 
Fruit, etc. 1, racémus (esp. of grapes) : 
Virg.. cs half-ripened (strictly half- 
coloured), r. varii, Ov.; r. lividi, Hor.; 
liventes, Prop.: c.-bearing, racémifer, 
éra, érum: Ov. 2. uva (prop. of 
grapes, and denoting the frurt of the 
vine generally) : 2000 ¢.s (on a single 
vine), uvarum duo millia, Col. (but the 
precise sense of cluster is rare), Also 
used meton.: esp. of a cluster or swarm 
of bees: Virg. 3, cOrymbus, i, m. (of 
Sruit or flowers: esp. of ivy berries) : 
Virg.. Ov. ||, Meton.: ofany group. 
Phr.: ac. of islands, *celebritas insu- 
larum: a c. of people, circiilus, Cic.: 
Mart.: v. GROUP. 
cluster (v.): to gather or flock close 
together, swarm (q.v.). See also foll. art. 
clustering (adj.): 1, racémifer, 
éra, rum: ¢. grapes, r. uvae, Ov. i 
ricémosus: c. grapes, r. uvae, Plin.: a 
c. flower, r. flos, Plin. 
clutch (v.): arripio, ripui, reptum, 
3: V. TO SEIZE, SNATCH AT. 
clutches (subs.): only in certain 
colloq. phr.: to escape out of any one's 
ec, *alicujus manus effugere: to have 
any one in one’s c., aliquem in sua 
potestate ac ditione tenere, Cic. (but 
less familiar than the Eng.): v. GRASP, 
POWER. 
clyster: 1, clyster, Gris, m. 
(Gr. kAvornp): to introduce by means 
of ac., per clysterem immittere, Suet. : 
to move the bowels by a c., alvum per 
c. ducere, Scrib. (also simply, alvum 
ducere, Cels.): to employ a c., ciystérizo, 
1: Coel. Aur. 2. lotio (pure Latin 
for 1): Cels. 8, clystérinm, clysmus: 
Scrib. 
coach: currus, carpentum, rhéda, 
etc.: Vv. CARRIAGE, CHARIOT. Phr.: a 
haciney c., vehiculum meritorium (ap- 
plicable to any hired conveyance), Suet. : 
a stage-c., perhaps vehiculum publicum, 
Kr, ex Amm. 
coachman: rhédarius, auriga: v. 
CHARIOTEER, DRIVER. 
coadjutor: adjitor, auxiliator; min- 
ister, administer (the two latter implying 
inferiority): V. ASSISTANT. 
coagulate: cdéo, concresco (intr.) : 
céagilo (trans.): Vv. TO CURDLE. 
coagulation: cdagiilatio: Plin. 
coal: carbo, dnis, m.: i. e. charcoal 
(q. v.); but for ordinary language suf- 
ficiently precise: red-hot c.s, c. candens, 
Cic.; c. vivus (‘live c.’’), Petr. (i. q. 
pruna, Virg.: Plin.) (N. B. Carbo is 
used in both sing. and pl. for ‘ coals.” ) 
The modern coal may be more precisely 
rendered by carbo fossilis: small c.s, 
carbunculi, Auct. ad Her, Prov.: to 
carry c.s to Newcastle, in silvam ligna 
ferre, Hor.; in litus arenas fundere, in 
mare fundere aquas, Ov 
coal-hole: “cella carbénaria. 
coal-merchant: qui negotium car- 
bonarium exercet: Aur. Vict. (Carbo- 
narius is strictly a charcoal-burner or 
seller.) 
coal-mine or pit: *fédina carbona- 
ria: V. MINE. 
coal-vessel or barge; navis, linter 
carbonaria: v. oo 


coalesce : 1, cdalesco, Alui, aI- 
tum, 3: toc. readily (of the Trojans and 
Aborigines), facile c., Sall.; more fully, 
in unius populi corpus c., Liv.: a double 
vowel 1s incapable of c.ing in one sound, 
subjecta sibi vocalis in unum sonum c 
nequit, Quint.: v. TO GROW TOGETHER, 
COMBINE. 2. cto: v. TOJOIN, UNITE. 

coalition: 1. cditio (usu. in bad 
| sense, and nearly equiv. to the legal sig- 
nif. of “* conspiracy’’): a c. of the tri- 
bunes, c. tribunorum, Liv. : Cic. 2. 
conjunctio: Vv. CONNEXION, ALLIANCE 
N.B. Not coalitvo or coalitus ; which are 
without good authority. 

coarse: |. Of fabrics, materials: 
opp. to fine. 1, crassus: ac. thread, 
c. filum, Cic.: a c. toga, c. toga, Hor. 
Fig.: a coarser Muse, as they call it, 
crassjor, ut vocant, Musa, Quint. 2. 
Tidis, e (of that which is unfinished or 
rough): c. cloth, r. textum, Ov. (But 
rudis lana is wnwrought wool, not 
coarse: Ov.) Phr.: c. salt, sal popu- 
laris, Cato: c. bread, panis secundarius 
(Suet.), or cibarius (Cic.). |], Of man 
ners, language: rough, unpolished: J. 
incultus: Vv, UNCULTIVATED, RUDE. Q, 
illibéralis, e: ac. kind of jesting, Jo- 
candi il. genus, Cic.: v, UNGENTLE- 
MANLY. 3. nhimanus: v. 1L-BRED. 

4, inficétus or infic. (wanting in 
art or grace): Cat. §, obscénus: ie. 
obscene: q. Vv. 

coarsely: 1, crassé (both li, 
and fig.; corresponding to the adj.: v. 
COARSE, 1): Fig.: a poem c. or in- 
elegantly composed, poema c. illepideve 
compositm. Hor. 2. infacété or 
infic. (without taste or grace): Suet.: 
Plin.: v. RUDELY, IMPOLITELY. 

coarseness: |, Lit.: opp. to 
Jineness: crassitiido, inis, f.: v. THICK- 
NEss, and cf. COARSE (1). May often be 
expressed by means of adj.: as, con- 
spicuous for the c. of his toga, *insignis 
propter togam crassiorem, etc. IL. 
Of manners, language, unrefined mores 
illiberales, inficeti: sermor’s (jocandi) 
genus illiberale, inficetum, obscenum: v. 
COARCE. 

coast (subs.): 1, Gra: the c. of 
Greece, ora Graeciae, Cic.: the sea c., 0. 
maritinia, Caes. 2, litus or littus, 
bris, m.: V. SHORE. N.B. Ora denotesa 
coast simply as @ border (q. v.); litus 
refers exclusively to the sea-coast. 

coast (v.): — 1, légo, legi, lectum, 
3: hec.s along the shore of Italy, navi- 
bus oram Italiae legit, Liv.: Ov. (cf. 
Virg. A. 2, 207, ‘“‘pontum legere”’). 2, 
praetervéhor, vectus, 3 (with acc.): v. 
TO SAIL BY OF PAST. 

coasting (adj.): drarius: a coasting- 
vessel (coaster), navis 0., Plin. Ep. Phr.: 
c.-trade, *commercium quod per naves 
orarias fit: or perh. simply, commer- 
cium orarium. 

Coat (subs.): |. The modern ar- 
ticle of dress: as our “coats’” were uD- 
known in ancient times we can only use 
an approximation; as perh., tinica (v. 
TUNIC), Or some such general term as 
vestimentum (in old English ‘ coat” 
simply meant ‘‘garment:” cf. Dan. fii. 
21): v. also GREAT-COAT. II, 4 coat 
of mail: 1, lorica (prop. one made of 
leather): encumbered with c.s of mail, 
graves loricis, Liv.: of linen: 1. lintea, 
Suet.: of soe a 1. conserta hamis, 
duplici squama, Virg. (the latter, of 
double plates), 2, thorax, acis, /: 
Vv. BREAST-PLATE. [I]. A covering 
(q. v.): esp. of the skin (q. v.) of ani- 
mals, t¢giimentum, pellis, villus, acc. to 
its nature. Phr.: the c.s of an onion, 
garlic, etc,, membranae, Plin.; in which 
sense ciitis is also used: Plin.: v. CoaT- 
ING. IV, A coat of arms: insigne, 
insignia: Vv. ARMORIAL BEARINGS. 

coat (v.): i.e. to cover with a layer 
or coating: illino, indiico: v. TO OVER- 
LAY, COVER; and foll. art. Phr.: a 
tongue c.’d or furred over, lingua fun- 
gosa, Plin. 

coating ©T coat (subs.): 1, in- 
ductio: when the first c. of lime has 
| beyun to dry, let a second le laid on, 

129 








COAX 





quum prima calcis in. siccari coeperit, 
iterum inducatur, Pall. 1, 15. 2. cor- 
ium (esp. used of c.s of earth, sand, 
plaster, etc.): to lay on one c. of sand 
and one of pulverised marble, unum c. 
arenae et unum marmoris minuti induc- 
ere, Plin.:; Vitr.: Pall. l. c. 3, ter- 
gus, Oris, nm. (only where the ref.is to a 
c. of skin ur membrane): the stomach 
consists of two c.s, ventriculus constat 
ex duobus t., Cels. 4, 1 

coax: 1, mulceo, permulceo: v. 
TO CARESS. 92. blandior, 4: childishly 
cing his father to be allowed to go with 
him to Spain, pueriliter blandiens (Han- 
nibal) ut in Hispaniam duceretur, Liv.. 
Ov. 8. palpo, palpor, 1: v. TO 
WHEEDLE (prop. to stroke and pat, as a 
pet animal). Phr.: to c. a little cash 
out of any one, blanditiis ab aliquo num- 
mulorum aliquid exprimere, Cic. 

coaxing (a7.): blandus: c. entrea- 
ties, b. preces, Tib.: Pl. 

coaxing (subs.)- 1, blandiment- 
um (usu. in pl.): PL: Cic. 9. blan- 
ditiae, arum: the c. (winsome, coaxing 
ways) of women, muliebres b., Liv.: 
Cic. 3, palpatio: Pi. Men. 4, 2, 42. 

coaxingly : blandé: to ask ¢., Db. 
petere, Cic.: 

cob: ae (?): Hor.: Ov. 

cobble: sarcio, résarcio : Vv. TO MEND: 
usu. in bad sense, infabre, inscite sar- 
cire. 

cobbler: suitor: Pl.: Cic.: s. vetera- 
mentarius, Suet. Vit. 2 (:mit.): a c.’s 
stall, taberna sitrina, Tac.; or sutrina 
alone, Plin. 

cobweb: 1, araneum (perh. not 
found in sing.): to clear away c.s, 
aranea tollere, Phaedr.: Plin. a). 
aranei téla. Apul. 3, aranea (strictly, 
like araneus, the spider itself): Ov.: 
Lucr. Phr.: thin c.s, aranei tenuia fila, 
Lucr.: to spin a net-like c., quasi rete 
texere, Cic. N. D. 248, 123: full of c.s, 
or like c.s, Aranédsus: Cat.: Plin. 

cochineal : *coccus cacti, Linn.: the 
classical coccum, used for scarlet dye, 
appears to have been procured from an 
insect found on a kind of oak (quercus 
coccifera, Linn.). 

cock (subs.): gallus: Cic.. Hor.: 
also gallus galiinaceus, Cic. (The term 
gallus was also applicable to the male of 
birds of the kind generally: Col. 8, 2, 
inié.: with ref. to smaller birds, as the 
sparrow, mas should be used in this 
sense: v. MALE.) Phr.: a game c., 
gallus rixosus: cf. Col. 8,2, where the 
phrase ‘‘gallinaceus pyctes” seems to 
be facetious; as one might say “ poul- 
try-pugilist:” a c.-/ight, (gallorum) cer- 
tamen, pugna, ib.: the keeper or trainer 
of such birds, lanista avium rixosarum, 
ib. Phr.: he ts c.-a-hoop, illi cristae 
surgunt, Juv.: *exsultat laetabundus: 
Vv. TO EXULT. 

cock (v.): chiefly in certain phr. ; as 
toc. a pistol, ac.’d hat: for the former 
we might say, sclopeti malleolum (?)erig- 
ere; sclopetum ad telum emittendum 
parare; for the latter, perh. pileus angu- 
laris oblongus. 

cockade: *insigne quod in pileo fer- 
tur: v. BADGE. 
cristatus : 


cockatoo: *psittacus 
Linn. 

cockatrice: a fabulous kind of ser- 
pent: Vv. BASILISK. 


cock-boat: perb. scapha: v. BOAT. 
cock-chafer; *scarabaeus melo- 


lontha. 
cock-fight, eock- fighter: v. cock. 
cockle: The plant: (?) aera, 
lélium: Plin. Il. The shell-jish : 


@) chama: Plin. 


cock-loft; coenaciilum: Juv.: v. 
ATTIC, GARRE%. 
cockney: urbis amator, Hor.: ur- 


banus, Pl.: Liv.: v. citizen. N.B.— 
Not oppidanus, which expressly ex- 
cludes reference to the capital. 


cockroach: (?) blatta: Virg.: Plin. 
cockscomb : 1. crista: Juv.; 
Plin. 9, iilectorélphos, i, f.: Plin. 


cocoa.: *faba Cacao. 
cocoa-nut : |. The tree: *cocos 
130 











COFFIN 


nucifera; or palma indica nucifera, 
Linn. 


Il. The fruit: *nux palmae 
indicae. 


cocoon: (?) glémus, Gris, m.: Lucr.: 
Plin.: or perh. glébulus, as gen. term. 

cod: *gadus morrhua: Linn. 

cod-fish-oil or cod-liver-oil : *mor- 
rhuae dleum 

code: codex, icis, m.: as in the de- 
signations, c. Justinianeus, c. Theodosi- 
anus; but the word is unclassical. Ex- 
cept where definite c.s, such as the above, 
are referred to, leges alone may be used : 
as, the decemwiral c. of the Twelve tables, 
XII. tabularum leges, Liv. N.B.—Not 
corpus ; unless the ref. is to an entire 
body of national law. 

codicil: cddicilli, orum to direct or 
order by a c., codicillis praescribere, 
Tac.: to confirm a c. by a testament, 
codicillos testamento confirmare, Plin. 
Ep.: to leave to amy one by a c., dare 
aliquid per c., legare codicillis, Digest. 

codify: leges digerere, componere, 
Just. Inst. pref. 

coeliac: coeliacus: Cato: Plin. 

coequal : aequalis, €: Vv. EQUAL. 
Coaequalis, at least in classical authors, 
signifies of the same age; Gr. nAcé. 

coerce: 1, cderceo, 2: Oca 
dangerous citizen by punishments, sup- 
pliciis civem perniciosum c., Sall.: Cic. : 
Vv. TO RESTRAIN. 2. cdgo, cdégi, cdac- 
tum, 3: toc. (a person into doing a 
thing) by force and threats, vi ac minis 
c., Cic. (foll. by inf. or by ut and subj.) : 
V.TOCOMPEL. 3, comprimo, reprimo ; 
céhibeo, refraeno, etc.: all requiring to 
be defined by some such word as wi, 
poena, suppliciis, etc. 

coercion: 1, cSercitio: to use c., 
c. inhibere, Liv. (who uses the word to 
indicate some legal punishment): Dig. 

2. More usu. expr. by verb: as, / 

began to use c., vi coepi cogere, Ter.: v. 
TO COERCE. 

coercive : perb. only in phr., ¢ 
measures = coercion: q. V. 

coessential; consubstantialis, e- 
Tert. 

coetaneous: V. CONTEMPORANEOUS, 

coeternal: 1, céaeternus: Tert. 

9, aequiternus: Claud. Mam. 

coeval: 1, aequalis, e. sacred 
rites c. with the city, and some of them 
even more ancient than its origin, sacra 
aequalia urbi (al. urbis), quaedam vet- 
ustiora origine urbis, Liv.: v. CONTEM- 
PORARY.- 2. coaevus: Aug. (of the 
Eternal Word): Prud. 

coexistent: simul, 
existens v. TO EXIST. 

coextensive: expr. by verb: as, 
“the six Indian seasons, each of which 
is c. with two signs” (Sir W. Jones), 
*sex illa tempora Indorum quorum un- 
umquodque duorum signorum locum 
obtinet: pleasure and pain are c., *vol- 
uptatis idem campus gyrusque est ac 
doloris. 

coffee (plant): cofféa Arabica: Linn. 
For coffee as a drink, the same Latin 
may be used. 

coffee-house: (?) thermdpolium (a 
place for selling warm drinks): Pl.: or 
simply déversorium, taberna: v. INN, 
SHOP. 

coffee-pot: (?) urna: v. URN, VASE: 
or hirnea, hirnila, i. e. a pitcher, q. v. 

cofter: 1, arca: v. BOX (where 
syn. are given). 2. loculi, orum, pl. 
(indicating the compartments in which 
different kinds of money were placed): 
to deposit cash im one’s c., nhummMumM in 
loculos demittere, Hor. 8. cista: to 
transfer from the public to one’s private 
c.. ex fisco in ¢c. transferre, Cic.: v. 
TREASURY. 

coffin: 1, arca (v. BOX): to carry 
corpses (to the grave) in a mean c., cad- 
avera vili portare in a., Hor.- stone c.s, 
lapideae a., Liv.: the hid of ac., arcae 
operculum, Liv. Q, lécilus(?): Plin. 
4, 16: where however the word may 
equally well denote a compartment of a 
vault. 3. sarcOphagus, i, m. (prop. 
the designation of a kind of stone used 
for coffins; “flesh consuming ;” hence 


uno tempore, 








COHERENTLY 











in gen. a tomb or a coffin): Juv. N.B. 
—lt seems doubtful whether capulus 
ever means coffin: V. BIER. 

cog (subs.): i.e. the tooth of a wheel: 
dens, ntis, m. (applic. to any projection 
of the kind): v. TOOTH. 

cogged (adj.): *dentibus instructus 
Ss. aptatus. 

cogency : vis, momentum : Vv. FORCE, 
WEIGHT. 

cogent: firmus, ‘validus, gravis: v. 
FORCIBLE, WEIGHTY. 

cogently : : Phr.: to arguec., argu- 
mento gravi, haud tenui, magno, hand 
dubio, etc., uti: Vv. FORCIBLY, CONVIN- 
CINGLY. 

cogitate, cogitation, etc.: v. ME 
DITATE, THINK, etc. 


cognate: cognatus, congénératus; 
affinis. v. KINDRED. 

cognition: cognitio: v. KNoWw- 
LEDGE. 


cognitive (only used as metaphys. 
term): *quod ad rerum cognitionem 
pertinet- the c. faculty, *facultas quae 
rerum cognitionem exercet. 

cognizance : 1, cognitio: v. 
KNOWLEDGE: the c. (right to enquire 
into) and jurisdiction in any matter, 
alicujus rei c. et judicium, Cic.: Au- 
gustus was the first to take c. of libels, 
primus A. cognitionem de libellis fa- 
mosis tractavit, Suet. 9, judicium, 
jurisdictio: Vv. JURISDICTION. 3. 
quaestio (i.e. legitimate enquiry, trial): 
when praetor he took c. of cases of assas- 
sination, praetor quaestionem inter sica- 
rios exercuit, Cic. Fin. 2, 16, fin. (where 
the ref. is to one of the quuestcones per- 
petuae of Sulla): it was decided by a 
decree of the senate that the consub 
should take c. of the matter, decreta a 
senatu est consuli quaestio, Gic. loc: Ve 
TO ENQUIRE INTO. 

cognomen: cognomen, inis, v.: V. 
SURNAME, NAME. 

cohabit: 1, cdéo, 4: toc. with 
another man’s wife, cum aliena uxore 
e., Quint.: Ov. 2. cousuesco, suévi, 
suétum, 3 (constr. same as cveo): Cic.: 
Ne 

cohabitation : consuétiido, inis, f. 
(both legitimate and illegitimate)-: ‘Ter, : 


Liv.: Suet. 
coheir, coheiress: cohéres, édis, 
c.: Cic.: Hor.: to appoint any one c. 


with another (i. e. wrth the heir), ali- 
quem alicui coheredem dare- v. HEIR, 
cohere: |. Lit.: cdhaereo, si, 
sum, 2: Vv. TO STICK TOGETHER, ADHERE, 
Il. Fig.: to agree, be consistent 
(q. v.): consentio, convénio, conspiro, 
cOhaereo, etc. 
coherence, coherency : now used 


| only fig.; of the suitable connexion of 


the parts of a system or discourse: 
contextus, is: there is a wonderful 
c. about their system (that of the Stoics), 


| mirabilis est apud illos c. rerum, Cie. : 





Vv. CONNEXION. 2. perpétilitas (i. e. 
unbroken connexion): to form an opi- 
nion of philosophers from their c. and 
consistency, philosophos ex p. atque con- 
stantia spectare, Cic.: c. of discourse, p. 
sermonis (?), Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220 (perh. 
p. sententiarum would express the Eng. 
more precisely). 3, continiiatio: there 
was no c. about his conversation, *ser- 
moni ejus nulla inerat sententiarum c.: 
Vv. CONNEXION. 4, consensus, ts (?): 
there is a marvellous c. (lit. agreement) 
and concert between all branches of 
learning, mirus quidam omnium quasi 
consensus doctrinarum concentusque re- 
peritur, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 28: V. AGREE- 
MENT. Phr.: there is a c. about all 
these ‘things, *cohaerent haec apte inter 
se; haec quasi conspirant et consenti- 
unt: Vv. TO AGREE, CORRESPOND. 
coherent: Phr.: a c. system of 
doctrine, *doctrinae apte inter se cohae- 
Tentes, connexae (and see preced. art.); 
quarum pars nulla alteri discrepet: c. 
discourse, *sententiarum in sermone con- 
tinuatio: Vv. CONSISTENT ; INCOHERENT, 
coherently; constanter: v. CONSIST- 
ENTLY. Phr.: fo argue c., *argumenta 
apte contexere ; apto rerum contextu 





COHESION 





argnmentari: to speak c., *sermone apte 


connexo uti Vv. INCOHERENTLY. 

€onesion;: cdhaesentia: Cic. 

cohesive: ténax, acis: Vv. ADHESIVE. 

cohort: cOhors, rtis, f. (the tenth 
part of a legion): Liv.: Cic. : ar - 
torian or general's c., praetoria c., Caes. : 
also sometimes = band, troop, in a gene- 
ral sense: Virg.: Hor. 

coif: (?) cilautica: v. BONNET. 

coil (subs.) : 1. spira: they (the 
serpents) bind him fast in their huge c.s, 
immensis ligant s., Virg.: also of ac. of 
rope, Pacuy. in Fest. 2. orbis, is, 
m. (poet.): to drag huge c.s along the 
ground (of the serpent), rapere im- 
meusos 0, per humum, Virg. 

coil (v.): 1. gloméro, 1 (to gather 
tnto u bull): toc. oul up in balls, lanam 
g. in orbes, Ov. (but the verb usu. de- 
notes simply to guther thick together). 

2. conspiro, 1 (fr. spira: rare): the 

snake c.s itself up, anguis se c, Aur. 
Vict. Phr.: cing round his (Lao- 
coon’s) neck with their scaly forms, cullo 
squamea circum terga dati, Virg. 

coin (subs.): ], uimus or num- 
mus: counterfeit c., adulterini n., Cic. 
(esp. used of the silver coin, numus ses- 
tertius, the seslerve: also for money ge- 
nerally: q. v.) Dimin. namilus, @ 
small coin: Cic. 2. stips, stipis, fi 
(usu. a small c.): to fling in gold and 
silver c.s at laying the Joundatwn of a 
building, injicere tundamentis argenti 
aurique stipes, Tac. H. 4, 53° (but stips 
is said to have meant originally a copper 
c.: cl. Ov. F. 2, 189): Plin. 3, nu- 
misma (Gr. vouropa), itis, n.: Philips, 
royal c., Philippos, regale n., Hor.: 
Mart.: in later writers esp. of /oreign or 
rare coins; in which sense the word is 
used in modern Latin: Eckhel, Doct. 
Num. 4. monéta: never used of a 
single coin: v. MONEY. Phr.: to pay 
any one in his oun c., eum qui laeserit, 
simili multare, Phaedr. 1, 26: par pari 
(al. pro pari) referre, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55. 

coin (v.): |. Lit.: of money: 

1, cudo, di, sum, 3: to c. silver, 

argentum c., Ter.; to c. leaden money, 
plumbeos numos c¢., Pl. . signo, 1 
Gtrictly fo stump): to c. copper, silver, 
or gold by public authority, aes, argen- 
tum, aurumve publice s., Liv.: by stips 
they meant c,d money, stipem dicebant 
pecuniam signatam, Fest.: Plin. ae 
fério, percussi, percussum, férire (as 
we say (0 strike): to c. asses of one- 
sixth weight, asses sextantario pondere 
f., Plin. Suet. “Hine illa in veteribus 
numis et lapidibus, Zriumvir A. A. A. 
F. F., i.e. auro, argento, aeri flando, 
Jeriundo:” Fore. s.v. Phr.: toc. bad 
money, Monetam adulterinam exercere, 
Ulp. (implying to be in the practice of 
coining): or simply numos adulterinos 
cudere, ferire, signare: v. supr. Il. 
To invent (a story, etc.): comminiscor, 
fingo: v. TO FABRICATE, Phr.: to c. 
words, verba novare et facere, Cic.3 
verba fingere non prius audita, ef. Hor. 
A. P. 50° @ word c-d in the mint of to- 
day,i.e of present or ready currency, 
Signatum praesenti nota nomen, ib. 59. 

coinage, coining: |, Ziv act or 
practue of coining* res numaria: Cic. 
Olf. 3, 20, 80 (but the phr. may also 
mean, ‘ money matters :’ id. Verr. 4, 6, 
11). Phr.. a law respecting the c., or 
against coining, lex nuimaria: v. Dict. 
Ant. s. v, falsum: ¢he standard of the c., 
aeraria ratio, Cic.: to have the manage- 
ment of thec., *auro, argento, aeri sig- 
nando, feriendo praeesse: v. TO COLIN. 
(Cusiv is found in late Latin; as in the 
phr. cusio monetalis, Cod. Imp.) ll. 
Money coined, *pecunia publice signata 
(vy. TO colN, 2) or simply numi, mo- 
neta; Vv, MONEY, COIN. Hh. Zrven- 
tion: Phr.: bold in the c. of words, 
*audax in verbis novandis atque facien- 
dis. v. TO COIN (I1.): ‘* this is the very 
c.of your brain,” (Shak.), *mera ista 
conmenta ac somnia sunt. 

coincide: 1, compéto, Ivi, or fi, 
itum, 3 (esp. of coincidence in point of 
time: with cum; dat.; or in and ace.): 


COLD 


the calendar was in such a state of con- 
Tusion that the harvest holidays did not 
c. with the summer, fasti adeo turbati, 
ut messium feriae aestati non com- 
peterent, Suet. Cues. go: (the event) c.d 
with the death of Otho, cum Othonis exitu 
competisse, Tac. H. 2, 50. 9. con- 
curro, curri, cursum, 3 (absol. or with 
cum): toc. accidentally (as un the case 
of dreams and their fulfilment), forte, 
temere c., Cic.: to c. with the truth, c. 
cum veritate, Ulp.: v. TO CONCUR, 
AGREE. 3. congriio, ti, 3 (abso!. or 
with cum): they wish their days and 
months to c. with the computation of the 
sun and moon, suos dies mensesque c. 
volunt cum solis lnnaeque ratione, Clc. : 
points of circumstantial evidence which 
¢., causae quae in unum locum conve- 
nire atque inter se congruere viden- 
tur, Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62: v. TO 
AGREE. 4. concino, consentio (to c. 
in opinion): V. TO AGREE. 5, incido, 
cidi, 3 (to fall on or tn with: q. v.): 
though thetr age c.d with the dates of 
those I have mentioned, quorum quum 
aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi 
incidisset, Cic. Or. 12, 39: to c. mathe- 
matically, *una in se incidere. 
coincidence: _ |, Accidental corre- 
spondence : concursatio: the c. of dreams, 
¢. somniorum, Cic. 
by phr.- as, if is no mere c., non temere 


est or fit, Pl.: Ter. (v. accident): there | 
*mirabiliter | 


is a remarkable c. here! 
haec congruunt! (cf. preced. art.) Il. 
Agreement (q. v.): in opinion: consen- 
sus, consensio. 

coincident: chiefly used of time: 
to be c., in idem tempus incidere, com- 
pétere, etc.: v. TO COINCIDE. 

coined (as adj.) : 
TO COIN. 2, modnétalis, e: c. gold, m. 
aurum, Apul. 

coiner: 
monetarius: Aur. Vict.: 
cisor: Cod. Just. 8, flatirarius: 
Inser. A board of three who had the 
superintendence of the coinage were 
called triumviri monetales ; in Inscr, 
T, A. A. F, F.: v.70 com. ||. In bad 
sense: @ coiner of bad money: para- 
chiractes, ae, m. (prop. a false stamper) : 
Cod. Imp. Usu. better expr. by cir- 
cuml.: as, 18 qui numos adulterinos 
cudit ; qui monetam adulterinam exer- 
cet: Vv. TO COIN. 

coition : 

2. conciibitus, is; Cic. 

junctio: Cic. 

colander: colum: i.e. @ sieve or 
strainer : q. Vv. 

cold (adj.): 1, frigidus (the most 
general word: applied to all degrees, 
from pleasant coolness to severe cold) : 
a fountain c. by day, warm by night, 
fons luce diurna f., at calidus nocturno 
tempore, Lucr.: c. water, aqua f., Pl; 
also simply frigida, as subs.: Col. : Suet.: 
under the c. sky, sub Jove f., Hor.: also 
of things cold with age, death, ¢e.: c. 
death, f. mors Virg.: @ c. shudcer, f. 
horror, Virg. Fig.: too tame in speal- 
ing and almost c., nimis lentus in dic- 
endo et paene f., Cic. (N.B. Frigidus 
as applied to words and expressions is 
equivalent to our flat, dull: q.v.) Very 
c., perfrigidus: Cic.: Cels. ; also, praefrig- 
idus: Ov.: Cels. To bec., frigeo: Cic.: 
Pers. Prov.: Venusis c. without Ceres 
and Bacchus, sine Cerere et Baccho 
Venus friget, Ter.: hence incept. frig- 
esco, frixi, 3: to become c., in both 
lit. and fig. sense: the hands and feet 
become c., f. manus pedesque, ‘lac.: 
affection grows ¢., f. affectus, Quint.: to 
grow c. after being hot, refrigesco, 3: 
Cato: Luer. 9, algidus (i. e. so cold 
as to be uncomfortable: rare): Cat. To 
be c. or chilly, algeo, alsi, 2; to sweat 
and be c., sudare et a., Hor.: incept. 
algesco, 3: to grow c., catch cold: Ter.: 
Plin. N.B. The part. algens is perh. 
more freq. used as adj. than algidus: 
Mart.: Plin. 3. gélidus (ice-cold): 
the (junction of) the Fibrenus makes the 
Liris much colder, Fibrenus Lirim multo 
gelidiorem facit, Cic. (but g. flumen may 


3, con- 


But more usu. expr. | 
| f. (in the head): Cic.: Cels. 


1, signatus: v. | Ldly : 
and indifference : 1 


|. In good sense: iTS) 
utr. Oy, 


1, céitus, tis: Ov.: Col. | 





COLLAR 


also mean a frozen river: Virg.): . 
rocks, g. rupes, Virg.: esp. of things cold 
with age, fright, or death: blood c. with 
old age, g. senecta sanguis, Virg.: ¢ 
death, g. mors, Hor.: ac. shudder, g. 
horror, Ov.: Virg. Very c. indeed, prae- 
gélidus: Liv.: Plin. N.B. £gélidus is 
also found; but as its meaning fluc- 
tuates between cold (= gelidus), and 
with the coldness or chill taken off (“ qui 
de summo gelu aliquid remisit,” Fore.), 
it is better avoided. Phr.: to give a 
thing c. praise, maligne laudare, Hor. 
cold, to be, become : ‘rigeo, algeos; 
frigesco, algesco, etc.: v. supr. (1, 2.) 
cold (subs.): |. In gen. sense: 
1, frigus, Gris, m. (the most gen. 
term: v. also COOLNESS): the c. can 
hardly be escaped within doors, vix in 
ipsis tectis f. vitatur, Cic.: 10 keep off c. 
and heat, frigora caloresque pellere, Cic, ; 
also, frigorum vim pellere, Cic.: intoler- 
able c., intolerabile f., Cic.. to perish of 
c.,frigore mori, Hor. 2, algor, dris, m. 
(only of c. as pinching and disagreea- 
ble): capable of enduring c., patiens 
algoris, Sall.: to fortify the body against 
c., corpus contra algores munire, Plin. 
(N.B. The pl. of frigus and algor suggest 
repeated attacks of cold or frequent ex- 
posure.) 3. gélu, is, n.: v. FROST. 
I]. 4 catarrh: l. gravédo, inis, 
Subject to 
such c.s, gravédinosus : Cic. 2. de- 
stillatio (with ref. to the running at the 
nose): to occasion c.s, d. concitare, Cels. 
8, perfrictio (@ severe c.): Plin. 
Phr.: tocatch c., pertrigesco, frixi, 3: 
Varr. : Cels. 
coldish: frigidilus, subfrigidus: v. 
CHILLY. 
coldly: only used fig. of fameness 
irigide: to do 
things c., f. agere, Cic. 2. gélidé 
(stronger than 1): Hor. (N.B. #rigide 
when applied to language or invention, 
is flatly, dully, without taste: q.v-.) 
Phr.: to praise c., maligne laudare, 
Hor.: to act c. in uny matter, leniter, 
lente agere, Caes.; Cic.: v. INDIFFER- 
ENTLY, COOLLY. 
coldness: |. Lit.- 1, frigus, 
oris, .: esp. in pl.: regions which 
suffer intolerubly through the c. of thetr 
winters, loca quae frigoribus hiemis in- 
tolerabiliter horrent, Col. 1, 2: Hor.. 
v. COLD. 9. algor: v. COLD. 3) 
gélu, Us, m. (icy c.): v. Frost. Fig. of 
the c. of death or age: Virg.: Lucan. 
I]. Apathy, want of zeal: lentitido, 
or lenitudo; animus lentus, remissus: 
V. COOLNESS, INDIFFERENCE. 
colewort:; brassica eriica: v. CAB- 
BAGE. 
colic: 





1, tormina, um, 7.: Cels.: 
Cic. 9, colon or colum: Plin. In 
modern medical Latin *cOlica is the 
word used. Subject to the c., colicky, 
torminosus: Cic.; cOlicus, Plin. 
collapse (v.): (in se) corruere, col- 


labi, concidere: Vv. TO FALL, FALL 
AWAY. 
collapse (subs.): chiefly in pbr. 


where it may be expr. -by verb. as, 
to be in a stute of c., *penitus collapsum 
esse: to suffer a sudden c., subito cor- 
ruere, concidere, etc.: Vv. FALL, RUIN. 
collar (subs.): 1, cullare, is, n. 
(used of dog-collurs, those employed /or 
making a prisoner fast, etc.): PL: 
Varr. 2. minile, is, . (only orna- 
mental, both of human beings and of 
animals) : V. NECKLACE. 8, torques, 
is, m. and f.: a kind of ornamental 


chain: q. Vv. 4, bdjae, arum (for 
confinement): Pl.; Prud.; rarely in 
sing.: Pl. 5, subjigium: ie. a 


collar attached to the jugum or yoke: 
Vitr. 10, 3, 4: v. Dict. Ant. s. v. jugum. 
(N.B. The word occurs in pl. only, and 
is prop. an adj., lora being understood; 
v. Cato, R. R. 53, 135.) Phr.: to slip 
the c., i.e. get free, *bojis s. vinculis 
collum liberare; vincula rumpere: V. 
BONDS, 

collar (v.): chiefly collog.: compré- 
hendere; collo prehensum abripere; v. 
TO SEIZE, 

I3t 


COLUAR-BONE 





collar-bone: jugilum Cels. 

collate ; |. To designate to a 
bishopric: instituo: v.roaPPomT. ff, 
To compare a manuscript with some 
other text: conféro, tili, latum, 3: 


collateral: |, Of pedigree: not 
tn the direct line: transversus, the c. 
anes (of descent), t. lineae, Paul. Dig. 
38, 10, 9. Phr.: c. relatives, cognati 
gui ex lateribus sunt, Dig.: c. relation- 
ship, cognatio ex transverso, quae etiam 
a latere dicitur, Just. Inst. 3, 6. Il. 
Accessory, indirectly connected with: 
q Vv. 
collaterally : ex lateribus, a latere, 
ex tramsverso: vy. preced. art. 
collation : |, Comparison (of 
S, etc.): expr. by verb: to be en- 
gaged in the c.of MSS., *libris manu- 
scriptis conferendis operam dare: v. TO 
COLLATE. Il. A (cold) meal: (?) coe- 
nila, prandium: v. MEAL. 
colleague: 1, colléga, ae, m.: 
twrce consuls together, c.s in the censor- 
ship, bis una consules, c. in censura, 
Cic. 2. consors, rtis (v. PARTNER): 
his son is taken as his c. in the tribu- 
nate, filius c. tribuniciae potestatis ad- 
sumitur, Tac. Phr.: to appoint ac. in 
the place of one deceased, in demortui 
locum [censorem, etc.] sufficere, Liv. 
(or simply sufficere, Liv.): to elect a c. 
(as was done in the case of certain col- 
ee cooptare, Cic.: v. TO ELECT. 
colleagueship: _ 1, collégium: a 
man of whom I have had experience in 
an harmonious c., expertus mihi con- 
cordi ¢c. vir, Liv. 2. consortio: the 
amicable c. of the two Lacedaemonian 
kings, sociabilis c. inter binos Lacedae- 
moniorum reges, Liv.: Vell. 
collect (v.): A, Trans.: |. To 
gather together : 1, colligo, légi, lec 
tum, 3 (in most senses): toc. bones, ossa 
ce, Tib.: to c. rain-water, pluvias 
aquas c., Quint.: to c. men from every 
district, de pagis omnibus viros c., Cic. 
Fig.. to c. oneself, se c., Cic.: to ec. 
one’s mind and thoughts, animum cogi- 
tationemque c., Plin. Ep. v. TO GATHER 
TOGETHER. 2, cOgo, céégi, cdactum, 
3 (usu. where force is implied): v. TO 
BRING OF GET TOGETHER. 8, conféro, 
tii, latum (coll.), 3: to c. many images, 
multa simulacra c., Ov. Fig.: to c. all 
one’s materials (for speaking), materiam 
omnem c., Quint. 4, congéro, gessi, 
gestum, 3: to c. means for defraying 
the expense of a journey, viaticum c., 
Cic.; to c. provisions, cibaria c., Hor. 
5, comporto, 1. v. TO BRING TO- 
GETHER. (N.B. The three preceding 
words are used only of things, not of 
persons.) 6, congrégo, 1: v. TO as- 
SEMBLE, GATHER TOGETHER. 7, cor- 
Togo, I (prop. by entreaty): to c. auxi- 
liaries from the allies, auxilia ab sociis 
c., Liv. : to c. money, pecuniam c. Caes. ; 
Cic. 8, conquiro, quisivi, quisitum, 
3 (by search): to c. ships all along the 
river, naves toto flumine c., Caes.: to c. 
arguments, argumenta c., Tac.: Sall. 
9, gléméro, 1 (to c. in a mass or 
group): the stags c. their herds, agmina 
cervi g., Virg.: Tac: v. TO GATHER. 
10, corrado, 3: v. TO SCRAPE TO- 
GETHER. ll. exigo, égi, actum, 3 
{only of taxes or money): toc. tributes, 
moneys, etc., tributa, pecunias ex., Cic.: 
Vv. TO DEMAND. ll. To infer: q v 
B. Intr.: corresponding to (1) 
supr.: expr. by the above verbs and 
pron. refi., or in pass.: te common- 
alty {of bees) c. around the body of their 
queen, plebs glomeratur circa corpus 
Tegis, Plin. Phr.: to c. in groups or 
knots, circiilor, 1. Cic.: Caes.: v. To 
GROUP, ASSEMBLE. 
collect (subs.): *collecta, ae: M. L.: 
Vv. PRAYER, 
collected (adj.): i.e. not discon- 
certed ; cool. 1]. praesens, ntis (only 
with animus): a mind, vigorous, c., 
and acute, animus acer, p., acutus, Cic. : 
Quint. 2. intentus; stronger than 
the Eng.: v. INTENT, ALERT. (Or expr. 
by circuml.. as, *nulla re perturbatus ; 


132 








COLLOQUIAL 


COLOUR 





facultates animi semper collectas ha- 


bens.) 

collection: |. The act of collect- 
ing : 1, collectio: Cic. . con- 
quisitio (by search): Cic. 3. Much 


more freq. expr. by verb: by the c. of 
tributes, tributis exigendis, etc.: v. To 
COLLECT. ||. A number (of persons 
or things) collected together : ile 
congéries, Gi, 7.: v. HEAP, PILE. Bh 
conjectus, tis (rare): Lucr. 3, May 
often be expr. by p. part.: an army 
which is a c. of desperate old men, ex- 
ercitus collectus ex senibus desperatis, 
Cic.:\v. To coLtLEcT. Phr.: a c. of 
mots, collectanea dicta, Caes. ap. Suet. : 
Gell. (in both cases in the titles of 
books): a c. of choice passages, elec- 
torum commentarius, Piin. Ep. 3, 5, 173 
flosculorum commentarius: cf. Sen. Ep. 
33 [spicilegium, florilegium, M. L.]: 
ac. of works on a particular subject, 
corpus: as, c. juris, Imp. Cod.: a c. of 
the works of the ancient grammarians, 
*c. veterum grammaticorum, Linde- 
mann: thesaurus may also be used: cf. 
Plin. N.H. Pref.: v. TREASURY. Hl. 
Of money: collatio: v, CONTRIBUTION : 
or perh. *pecunia collecticia, collectanea. 
collective: United: expr. by phr.: 
the c. power of Greece, *universae s. 
cunctae Graeciae vires: a thing which 
by their c. efforts they were unable to 
achieve, *id quod una summis viribus 
nitentes, perficere nequibant: v. ALL, 
ALL TOGETHER. 
collectively: conjunctim, tna, si- 
mul: v, TOGETHER, JOINTLY. 
collector: |. In gen. sense: qui 
colligit, corrégat, ete.: v. TO COLLECT. 
I]. Of taxes, etc.: exactor: v. 
TAX-GATHERER. Special terms: a c. of 
customs, portiter:; Vv, CUSTOM-HOUSE- 
OFFICER: @ ¢ of moneys after an 
auction, etc., cbactor, Hor. 
college: ar educational institution - 
*collégium (prop. applied to such bodies 
as the augurs, trade-companies, etc.: v. 
CORPORATION): M. L.: fellow of a c., 
*sdcius. As adj. *acidémicus (which 
however has only modern authority in 
this sense): Vv. COLLEGIATE. 
collegian: *collegio ascriptus: ilum- 
nus: gen. term for pupil, student: q. v. 
collegiate: *collégialis, collégiarius : 
prop. appertaining to a collegium or 
corporation: but they may be used by 
analogy with ref. to our “ colleges.” 
collier: |. A worker in a coal 
mine; *carbonarius prop. a@ burner or 
seller of charcoal. I]. A vessel em- 
ployed in conveying coals; *navis car- 
bonaria. 
colliery : 
COAL. 
collision : 1, conflictio- c du- 
ornm corporum inter se, Quint. 2. 
conflictus, tis: a c. of clouds, nubium c., 
Cic.: ac. of the bodies (of men in battle), 
ce, corporum, Cic. 8, concursio: to be 
cemented together by means of c. (of the 
atoms of Epicurus), concursionibus inter 
se cohaerescere, Cic.: Gell. 4, con- 
cursus, Us: ¢.s of ships with one another, 
c. navium inter se, Liv.: Caes. (But 
concursus oftener means simply junc- 
tion, concourse.) Phr: the tempest 
occasioned c.s amongst the transports, 
onerarias (naves) tempestas afflictabar, 
Caes.: the clouds come into c. with one 
another, concurrunt nubes, Lucr.: to 
come into c. uith anything, incurrere 
in aliquid, ad aliquid offendere: v. To 
DASH AGAINST. Fig.: Greece brought 
into c. with a foreign land in a tedious 
war, Graecia Barbariae lento collisa 
duello, Hor.: they came into c. no 
strangers to each other’s tactics, haud 
ignotas belli artes inter se conserebant, 
Liv. 21, I. 


*fodina carbonaria: v. 


collocation: colldcatio, dispésitio: | 


V. ARRANGEMENT. 
collop: offa, dfella: v.cHorp. Phr.: 
“he maketh c.s of fat on his flanks” 
(Job xv. 27), *pingues carnium massas 
lateribus obducit: (“pingui cervice ar- 
matus est,’’ Vulg.): v. MASS. 
colloquial; Phr.: ¢ Janguage, hu- 








milis sermo, Hor. A. P. 229; quotidi- 
anus sermo, Cic. Fam. 1,1: we are wont 
to compose letters in c. language, epis- 
tolas quotidianis verbis texere solemus, 
Cic, Fam. 9, 21: where he also uses the 
phr. plebeius sermo for c. language: 
Hor, uses privatus in the same sense, 
A. P. go: see also COMMON, ORDINARY. 

colloquialism : *genus loquendi a 
quotidiano usu mutuatum, 

colloquy: colldquium: v. conven 
SATION. To havea c. with any one, cum 
aliquo colloqui: v. TO CONVERSE. 

collude 1, collido, si, sum, 3 
the most gen. term): c. cum aliquo, 
ic.: Ulp. 2, praevaricor, rt (prop. 
of an accuser who plays into the hands 
of the other party: also of advocates 
generally): Cic.: Ulp. 

collusion: 1, collisio: Cic.: Ulp. 

2. pactio: Cic. 3, praevaricatio 

(on the part of an advocate): Cic. Pini. 
to be guilty of ¢.: V. TO COLLUDE: on> 
who is guilty of it, collisor, praevari- 
cator (the latter only of an advocate). 

collusive: expr. by phr.: to be 
guilty of c. proceedings, colludere, prae- 
varicari: Vv. TO COLLUDE, COLLUSION. 

collusively: collisdrié: Ulp. Phr.- 
to act c., colludo: v. TO COLLUDE. 

collyrium (eye-salve): collyrium. 
Hor.: Cels, 

colocynth : colocynthis, idis, f.: 

in. 

colon: |, In anatomy: colon or 
colum: Plin. []. In punctuation : 
*colon (which in Donatus, p. 1742, is 
a part of the sentence itself; not the 
mark so called): distinctio media(?): y. 
Donat. 1. c. 

colonel: praefectus (i. e. officer, com- 
mander); or perh. tribunus militum, a 
rank which nearly corresponds to that 
of colonel. 

colonial: cdlénicus: Caes.: Suet. 
(Or expr. by gen. of colonia: v. coLony.) 

colonist: colonus: Caes.: Cic.: (if 
the ref. be to the founder of a colony, 
dux: v, Nep. Milt. 1): v. cotony. 
pif0lonizing (subs.): déductio. Cic. 

in. 





colonnade: 1, porticus, is, f.+ 
V. PORTICO. 2. xystus, i, m. (for re- 
creation, etc.): Cic.: Plin. Ep. 

colony: colonia (used both of the 
settlers and of the settlement): to estab- 
lish ac. in suitable places, c, collocare 
idoneis in locis, Cic.: to conduct a c. (to 
a place), c. deducere, Cic.: to send men 
toa c.,homines inc. mittere, Liv. Phr.: 
to send out ac. to the Chersonesus, Cher- 
sonesum colonos mittere, Nep.: to settle 
ac. ina territory, colonos in agris col- 
locare: cf. Nep. Milt. 2. 

colovhon (the conclusion of a book) : 
colophon, Onis, m.: Fest. (who tells us 
that the prov. phr. colophonem addere 
signified to put the jinishing stroke to 
anything): M. L. 

colossal: 1, cdlossieus: Vitr : 
Plin. 2. cdlosséus: Plin. (Both 
words strictly only of statues: cf. 
COLOSSUS. ) 8. In gen. sense; i. q. 
huge (q. V.)- ingens, imma@nis: v. MON- 
sTrous. Phr.: ac. figure, *facies major 
quam humana. so ¢c. an empire, *tanta 
moles s. strues imperii. 

colossus: cdlossus, i, m. (a colossal 
statue): Plin. 

colour (subs.): |. A property of 
bodies: cdlor, Gris, m.: ¢.s cannot exist 
without light, c. esse sine luce neque- 
unt, Lucr.: a white c., c. albus, Cic.; 
a fresh or lively ¢., ¢. vegetus, Plin. : 
a full or strong ¢., c. satur, Plin.. a 
Jaint c., c. dilutus, Plin. Very often of 
the natural hue of a healthy face: to 
come into the senate with a good fresh 
c. in the face, forti c. in senatum venire; 
Front. ad M. Caes.: natural c., c verus, 
Ter. ; as opp. to paint (c. fucatus, Hor ). 
to change one’s ¢., i. e. to turn pale, 
colores mutare, Hor.: Cic. (N.B. When 
color is used alone, it generally denotes 
a bright hue: as, nullus argento color 
est, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 1.) Adject.: of the 
same c., concdlor, Gris (witb dat.): the 
sea is of the same c, with the sands, 












COLOUR 


COMBINE 


COME 





pontus c. est arenis, Ov.: Virg-: of 
@ different c., discdlor, dris (also with 
dat.): Cic.: Ov.: of many c.s, multi- 
@lor: Plin.: Apul.: of changing or 
varied c.s, versicdlor: Cic.: Virg. Il. 
A pigment: 1, pigmentum: Cic.: 
Plin. 2, cdlor: to lay on various 
cs, varios inducere c., Hor.: Plin.: 
Gs which are natural or artificial, c. 
qui nascuntur, finguntur s. fiunt, Plin.: 
Vitr.: oil c.s, c. oleo temperati aique 
mixti, cf. Vitr. 7, 14, 1. Hence fig. of 
the peculiar complexion of a worl of 
genius: Hor. A. P. 86. Phr.: to depict 
anything in its true c.s, *aliquid linea- 
mentis suis fideliter s. exacte describere 5 
alicujus rei veram exprimere imaginem: 
to depict anything in lively c.s, aliquid 
varie oratione pingere, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 
4: todepict a crime in the blackest c.s, 
crimen atrociter, atrocissime describere, 
ef. Tac. A. 13, 19: to give an unfavour- 
c. to a thing, i. e. put a bad con- 
struction u it, aliquid sinistre inter- 
pretari, cf. Tac, Agr. 5. Mil. 4 retext 
(q. v.): spécies, praetextus, * JY, In 
pl. only: the flag or standard of a body 
of troops (q. v.): signum, vexillum. 
colour (v.): |, Lit.: 1, cdléro, 
1: to shape andc. atoms, individua cor- 
ra formare, c., Cic. Fig.: when I 
ve been reading those books attentively, 
J feel that my language is, as it were, 
cd by contact with them, quam istos 
libros studiosius legerim, sentio ora- 
tionem meam illorum tactu quasi color- 
ari, Cic. 9. fico, 1 (only of dyeing or 
of using false, meretricious colouring): 
Virg.: Gell. 8, tingy, inticio: v. To 
DYE, STAIN. Jl. Fig.: v. To PaL- 
LIATE, PRETEND. 
colourable: v. PLAUSIBLE. 
coloured: ]. colodratus: of the 
Taiubow: Cic. Esp. of a warm, sun- 
burnt hue: the c. Indi, c. ludi, Virg.: 
Ov.: Tac.: Vv. TANNED. 9. tucatus: 
i.e. artificially c., as with dye or rouge: 
Virg.: Hor. 
colouring (subs.): |, Lit.: expr. 
by pl. of color or pigmentum (cf. 
covour, I1.): to explain the subject 
of c., colorum s. pigmenturum rationes 
explicare, cf. Vitr. 7, 8, 1; de colorum 
temperatura et mixtura exponere, cf. 
id. 7, 10: the abvve, with ref. to the 
pigments themselves : with ref. to the use 
of them, artem colorum inducendorum 
exponere (v. contour, II.); harmogen 
(appoynv) Ss. commissurarum colorum et 
transituuim rationem explicare (of work- 
ing ¢.s harmoniously together), cf. Plin. 
35, 5, 11 (12). Il. Fig.: of style or 
decoration in language: ornatus, orna- 
menta: V.ORNAMENT. Also pigmentum 
may be used, provided the figure is kept 
up cf. Cic. Att. 2,1, 1. Phr.: you 
know my style of c., nosti illas An«vOous, 
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4: in the same way Cic. 
uses pupoOyxcov and arcula: Att. 2, 1, 
1: tobe careful to preserve the proper ¢. 
of a subject, colores servare, Hor. 
colouring-matter: w¢dicamen : 
Plin.: Lucan, 
colourist: qui colorum inducen- 
dorm peritus est. 
colourman ; pigmentiarius : Cic. 
colt: 1, équileus: Cic.: Liv. 
9, équiilus: Varr.: Cic. 3, pullus 
&quinus: Col. (if an ass colt, pullus 
asininus or p. asini). 
coltsfoot; tussiligo: Plin.: M. L. 
colter: V. COULTER. 
column: |. Architectural: cdl- 
umna: a temple supported on huge c.s, 
templum vastis innixa ¢., Ov.: Cic. 
Linin. limella, a smalle.: Cic. Phr.: 
supported on c.s, cOlumnatus, Varr.: the 
between c.s, intercdlumnia, orum, 
ic.: @ tax on c.s, columnarium, Cic. 
(N.B. Not columen, which is a summit ; 
also @ prop or support: q. Vv.) ll. 
Military: 1, agmen, Inis, n. (strictly 
an army marching): they issue from 
the camp in avery long c., proficiscuntur 
ex castris longissimo a., Caes.: V. LINE. 
2, ciinéus (strictly a wedge-shaped 
c., adapted for breaking the enemy’s 
line): their battle-array is formed wm 


c.8, acies per cuneos componitur, Tac, 
G. 6: forming themselves in a wedge- 
shaped c., so as to break the line quickly, 
c. facto ut celeriter perrumpant, Caes. 
Phr.: to charge in tuo c.s, bipartito 
signa inferre, Caes.: so in three c.s, tri- 
partito: v. pivision. ||], Im the page 
of a book: *cdlumna: Lachm. 

comb (subs.): 1, pecten, Inis, m.+: 
Sor the hair, Pl.: Ov.: Jor flax or wool, 
Plin. Hence adv. peciinatim, in comb- 
like form or arrangement: Plin. (Plin. 
also speaks of the instruments with 
which flax is combed, as hami ferrei, 
19, I, 3-) 2. strigilis: i.e. a curry- 
comb: q.v. (For the comb of a cock 
see COCKSCOMB.) 

comb (.): 1. pecto, xi, xum, and 
titum, 3: to c. hair, comas, capillos, 
caesariem p., Hor.: Tib.: Ov.: c/d 
uools, pectitae lanae, Col.: to c. flax 
with iron hooks, lini virgas hamis ferreis 
p., Plin. 2, dépecto, xum, 3 (to c. 
down): toc. down the hair with a box- 
comb, crines buxo d., Ov.: Virg. 3. 
como, compsi, comptum, 3 (i. e. to dress 
the hair- with some detining word): 
capillos dente secto c., Mart. 

combat: 1, pugna, proelium: v. 
BATTLE, FIGHT. Q, certamen: v. CON- 
TEST, STRUGGLE. 8. igon, dnis, m. 
(Gr. aywv): only of the public games: 
@ gymnastic c., gymnicus a., Plin. Ep. 
(certamen is however the word most 
frequently used ot such c.s: Cic.: Suet.). 
Phr.: to offer oneself for a c. in the 
amphitheatre, in arenam se dare, Triph. 
Dig.: v. ARENA: tn close c., cOminus 
oy comminus; as Opp. to éminus, of 
Jighting or skirmishing at a distance: 
Vv. CLOSE (quarters): the c. was waged 
JSiercely on both sides, acriter pugnatum 
est ab utrisque, Liv.: Caes.: v. TO 
FIGHT: to engage in single c., ferro de- 
certare, Liv. (which, however, might be 
used of a number of combatants). N.B. 
The expr. pugna singularis, proelium or 
certamen singulare, for single c., have 
no good authority . pugna and certamen 
are sufficiently precise: cf. Liv. 7, 9 
(fin.), 10 (init.). 

combat (v.): impugno, pugno; ob- 
viam eo, conflictor: vy. TO FIGHT AGAINST, 
OPPOSE, RESIST. 

combatant: 1. pugnator: Liv.: 
Sil. Q, proeliator: Tac.: Just. 3, 
Expr. by phr.: never were c.s more 
nearly matched, *nunquam aequiore 
certamine pugnatum est; nunquam val- 
idiores {gentes} contulerunt arma: cf. 
Liv. 21, 13; or by wmperf. part.: they 
convey refreshments to the c.s, cibos pug- 
nantibus gestant, Tac. G. 7, fin. 4. 
Agonista, ae, m. (only of cs in the 
games): Aug. 

combative: pugnax, cis: a c. na- 
tion, p. gens, ‘l'ac.: Ov. 


ge ombatively : pugnaciter: Cic. : 
n. 

combination: 1, junctio, con- 
junctio: v. UNION. 2. junctira: a 


sleilful c. (of words), callida j., Hor. A. 
P. 47: Quint. (junctio is the act, junc- 
tura, the result of combining). 3 
confiisio (more usu. in bad sense: v. 
CONFUSION): the union and c, of the 
virtues, conjuuctio cque virtutum, Cic. 
4, concursus, tis (of things which 
meet but do not blend together): aharsh 
c. of words, asper c. verborum, Cic. §, 
cditus, is (= No. 4): ac. of syllables, c. 
syllabarum, Quint. 6. températio 
(i.e. apt and regulated c.: fig.): the 
discipline and due c. of the stute (with 
ref. to its constituent orders), disciplina 
ac t. civitatis, Cic.: Liv. 7. conspi- 
ratio (esp of combining for some pur- 
pose; often a bad one): the c. and 
agreement of men, c. hominum atque 
consensus, Cic.: the c. of certain men 
against any one’s position, c. certorum 
hominum contra alicujus dignitatem, 
Cic.: v. CONSPIRACY, ASSOCTATION, 
combine: |, Trans.: 1. jungo, 
conjungo, nxi, nctum, 3: wisdom c.d 
with eloquence, sapientia juncta eloquen- 
tiae, Cic.: Vv. TO JOIN, UNITE. 2. con- 


féro, tali, ldtum, 3 (to bring together): 





c.ing (in one form) features taken from 
all quarters, undique collatis membris, 
Hor. A. P. 3: toc. forces (of two gene- 
rals), in unum c. vires, Liv. 3, ‘con- 
sdcio, I (implying agreement): to. ¢. 
their shade (of trees growing together), 
umbram c., Hor.: a form of qovernment 
selected and c.d fiom these elements, de- 
lecta ex his et consociata reipublicae 
forma, Cic. 4, confundo, fiidi, fisum, 
3 (oftener to confuse: q. v.). two na- 
tions c.d in one, duo populi in unum 
confusi, Liv.: to c. five dactyls in suc- 
cession, quinque continuos dactylos c, 
Quint.  §, misceo, commisceo, miscui, 
stum and xtum, 2: he who c.s the useful 
and the agreeable, qui miscuit utile dulct, 
Hor.: foolhai diness is never cd with 
wisdom, Dunquam temeritas cum sapl- 
entia commiscetur, Cic.: v. TO MINGLE, 
BLEND. G6, tempéro, 1 (to c. in due 
proportions): to mingle and c. a thing 
out of different elements, ex dissimilibus 
rebus aliquid miscere et t., Cic.: to c. 
the acute and the grave, acuta cum gra- 
vibus t., Cic.: to c. in one idea, unam 
in speciem t., Cic. 7. In pass. cdéo, 
Ivi and ii, itum, 4 (to be cd). not so 
that the savage be c.d with the gentle, 
non ut placidis coeant immitia, Hor.. 
see also infr. {], Intrans.: - 
conspiro, 1 (usu. for a certain purpose ; 
eften a bad one: V. TO CONSPIRE)- to ©. 
together to liberate the cummonwealth, 
ad remp. liberandam c., Cic.: several 
States c. together, plures civitates c., 
Caes. 2, cdéo, 4 (v. supr. 7). toc. 
together, una c., Caes.. to c. together in 
nations, c. in populos, Quint. “S 
Expr. by any of the trans. verbs under 
(1.), and pron. refl. or in pass.: v. supr. 

combustible: ad ignem concipien- 
dum aptus; ad exardescendum facilis: 
cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 190. Phr.: c. 
materials, *iucendii materia; quae com- 
buri possunt. 

combustion: expr. by phr. during 
c. it (amber) keeps up an unctuous, 
strong-smelling fiame, {dum incenditur, 
alit flaammam pinguem et olentem, lac. 
Ger. 45: or by comburendo, inter com- 
burendum, dum comburitur. v. To 
BURN. 

come: |. 70 goto, arrive at: both 
lit. and fig. : 1, vénio, véni, ventum, 
4 (the most gen. term) on the 6th day 
we came from Athens to Delos, sexto die 
Delum Athenis venimus, Cic.: a voice 
c.s to my ears, vox mihi ad aures v, Pl. 
Virg.: when that day came, ubi ea dies 
venit, Caes.: the cing year, annus 
veniens, Cic.: toc. under any one’s pro- 
tection, in alicujus fidem ac potestatem 
v., Caes.: to c. from fable to facts, a 
fabulis ad facta v., Cic. ‘The pass. im- 
pers. form is very often preferred to the 
act.: as, we had come to the temple of 
Vesta, veutum erat ad Vestae, Hor.; 
Liv. Hence frequent. ventito, 1. toc 
backwards and jorwards into the camp, 
in castra v., Caes.: to c. frequently 
to a house, domum v, Cic.: Cat. N.B. 
“Come” as an exhortation or appeal 
is age, not veni. v. inf. (IL). = 
advénio, 4: to come to, arrive: q. Vv. 

8. pervénio, 4. v. TO ARRIVE. fig.. 
the affair came lv his ears, pervenit res 
ad istius aures, Cic.. to c. completely 
into any one’s power, in alicujus potes- 
tatem p., Cic.: to c. to utter despair, 
ad desperationem p., Caes. 4. per- 
go, perrexi, rectum, 3 (to come or ge 
directly or straight): they are cing 
directly towards us, horsum pergunt, 
Ter. §, adsum (ass.), ful, esse = / 
am come, etc.: they vere ordered to 
c. and present themselves at Amphi- 
polis, jussi Amphipolim adesse, Liv. : 
they seem to be on the point of c.ing 
hither from Afvica, ex Africa Jam adfu- 
turi videntur, Cic.: c. hither! huc ades! 
Virg. (Adsum is often used as above 
for the suke of greater vividness v. TC 
BE PRESENT.) Phr.: toc on horseback 
by ship or sea, equo, navi, classe advehi, 
vectus: Cic.: Liv.. Virg. mews came 
allatum est, nuntiatum est, Liv a 
ter came, literae ailatae sunt, Cic. toc. 
133 


COME ABOUT 


ra anrnennTTenenEEEEREREREIRTEEEREEENEERREIE 


cidere vocabula, Hor. A. P. 70 (a little | silva, Virg. 


frequently to a person’s house, domum 
alicujus frequentare, Cic.: more strongly, 
assidue f., Suet.: Vv. TO FREQUENT, RE- 
SORT TO. ||. In animated appeals : 
come! agé, Agité: come, come, now let us 
try! age, age, nunc experiamur, Ter. : 
often strengthened by adverbs ; as,dum, 
en, eja, modo, igitur;—come now !; 
‘Ter: 2) Bl Wl, Ze happen (@. v.): 
usu. impers.: fit, factum, fiéri: how c.s 
tt that, qui fit ut, Hor.: v. also the 
compouuds, 

come about: V. PASS, TO COME TO. 
after ; v- TO FOLLOW, SUCCEED. 

—— again: révénio, rédeo: v. TO 
COME BACK, KETURN. 

— along: procédo, féror, etc.: v. 
TO ADVANCE, GO. Phr.: c. along with 
me! *me comitare sodes! v. TO ACCOM- 
PANY. 

— at: ie. to reach, attain to 
@. v.): attingo, adipiscor, etc. 

— away: |. Lit.: abscédo, dis- 
cédo: Vv. TO DEPART. ||. Zo separate 
from; as when a portion of a thing is 
rent away: séquor, citus, 3: the bough 
will c. away willing and easy, Uf the 
fates summon thee, ramus volens facil- 
isque sequetur, si te fata vocant, Virg. - 
Vv. TO COME OFF. 

— back or again. 1. révénio, 
4: toc. back home again, domum r., 
Pl.. toc. back to the city, ad urbem r., 
Tac. Q, rédeo, 4: v. TO RETURN. 

— before: antévénio, praevénio, 


4: V. TO ANTICIPATE, GET BEFORE. Also 
= to appear before (q. V.). 
— by: i.e. to get or obtain: q. Vv. 


— down: J. Lit: 1, de- 
vénio, 4 (usu. fig.): to c. down to the 
sea,ad mare d.,Pl.: Caes. 2, descendo, 
di, sum, 3: c.down, thou jar! descende 
testa! Hor.: v. TO DESCEND. 3. de- 
labor, lapsus, 3: i. e. to glide down: 
q. V- Il. Fig.: to be preserved (to 
posterity): 1, maneo, mansi, sum, 2: 
two memorials of him have c. doun to our 
time, hujus ad nostram memoriam monu- 
menta manserunt duo, Nep.: v. TO SUR- 
VIVE Q. duro, 1: whatever inter- 
esting thing had c. down from antiquity, 
quicquid memorabile ex antiquitate du- 
raverat, Suet.: Liv.: v. TO ENDURE. 

8, trador, prodor, itus, 3: v. TO 
HAND DOWN. Phr.: no more ancient 
treaty has c. down to our times, nec 
ullius vetustior foederis memoria est, 
Liv. 

— forth or out: Lit.: of place: 

1, exéo, ivi and fi, itum, 4: see! 
yonder he c.s forth, eccum, exit foras, 
‘Ter.: v.-TO GO OUT. 2. prodeo, 4: 
c. forth and open the door, prodi atque 
ostium aperi, Pl.: so also with foras, 
PL: to c. forth on the stage, p. in 
scenam, Nep.: to c. forth in public, 
in publicum p., Cic. 8. égrédior, 
gressus, 3. esp with foras: Pl.: Ter.: 
Vv. TO ISSUE FORTH. 4, procédo, cessi, 
cessum, 3: to c. forth or out of a house, 
foribus foras p., Pl.: Caes.: Cic.: to ec. 
forth when born feet foremost, in pedes 
p. nascentem, Plin. 5. exsisto, stiti, 
stitum, 3: to c. forth from a hiding- 
place, e latebris ex., Liv.: a voice came 
forth from the temple of Juno, vox ab 
aede Junonis exstitit, Cic. 6, émer- 
go, si, sum, 3: Manlius came forth into 
the open plains, Manlius in apertos 
campos emersit, Liv.: v. TO EMERGE. 
N.B. Not evenio, except in poetry, as 
Hor. Od. 4, 4, 65: “merses profundo, 
pulcrior evenit.” (For come forth in 
sense of to grow up, V. TO SPRING UP, 
COME UP.) 

— forward: procédo, prodeo: v. 
preced. art. 

— jn: intrééo, intro vénio, incédo, 
me inféro, etc.: v. TO ENTER. Phr.: 
to c. in for =TO GET, RECEIVE. 

— jnto: Phr.: toc. into port, ap- 
pelli, Cic. (also more precisely, in portum 
venire): to c. into any one’s power, in 
alicujus manus devenire, Cic. (v. TO 
FALL INTO). to c. into vogue, in morem 
venire, Liv.: many words will c. into 
use again which have now become obso- 
lete, wiulta renascentur, quae jam ce- 

134 


d: 0. 
| from: qe 








COME UP 


COMFORTABLY 





before he expresses the same thought 
by vigent, florent, v. es 

come near: (prope) accédo, appré- 
pinquo: v. TO APPRUACH, DRAW NEAR. 
of: |. Zo be descended from 
(q..v-): ortum esse; originem trahere, 
ducere, etc. ||. To happen in conse- 
quence of: Pir.: this ts what cs of 
dishonesty, haec merces fraudis (a su- 
peris) datur, Phaedr.; *tales eventus 
habet, sic plectitur mala fides, etc. 
fF : |. Zo separate itself 
récédo, cessi, cessum, 3: 
sooner shall the head c. off my shoulders, 








| caput e nostra citius cervice recedet, 


Ov.: to c. off the stem (of fruits), e 
pediculo r., Plin.: so of flesh coming 
off the bones, ab ossibus r., Plin.: Cels. 
2, (of hair): défltio, 3: v. TO FALL 

OFF. ll. With ref. to a combat; to 
quit the field: discédo, 3: to c. off vic- 
turivus, victorem d., Caes.; or, esp. of 
non-military conflict, superiorem d., 
Cic.: toc. off with equal honours, aequo 
proelio, Caes.; aequa manu, Sall.; aequo 
Marte d., Liy.: to c. off without loss, 
sine detrimento d., Caes.: to c. uff vith 
very great glory, cum summa gloria d., 
Cic.; see also TO ESCAPE,GET OFF. [I]. 
To take place (chiefly colloq.): q. v. 

— on: progrédior, procédo, pergo: 
V. TO ADVANCE. Asa term o! exXbhorta~ 
tion, agite ! sequimini! v. TO COME \L1.). 
out: J. Lit: exeo, egréd- 
ior, etc.: vV TO COME FORTH. i. Ot 
the teeth, etc.: cado, cécidi, casum, 3: 
Pl.: Sen. Ill. Zo be published: edi, 
émitti, prodire: v. TO PUBLISH. 
over: ], Lit.: stpervénio, 
4: V. TO COME UPON. ||. Zo pass over 
to a different party: transgrédior: v. 
TO GO OVER. II]. Fig.: of certain 
feelings, sensations, etc. : curro, 
ciicurri, cursum, 3 (with prep.) : a blush 
came over her heated features, rubor 
calefacta per ora cucurrit, Virg. 2h. 
bbeo, 4: a paleness c.s over the face, 
obit ora pallor, Ov. 3, stibeo, 4: a 
shade c.s over the earth, s. umbra terras, 
Ov. Phr.: a shudder c.s over me as I 
relate. horresco referens, Virg.; me hor- 
ae perfudit ; Cic.; me occupat horror, 

Ve 

— round: chiefly fig. Phr.: he 
will c. round to our option, *ad nostram 
sententiam adducetur, transgredietur, 

— short: V. TO FALL SHORT. 

=U: bss 1, advénio, 
4 (with ad or in and acc.): I came to 
the forum, ad forum adveni, Pl.: we 
came into the province, in provinciam 
advenimus, Cic. 2. vénio, 4: with 
prep.: Vv. TO COME. Phr.: toc. to the 
assistance of, auxilio venire; subvenire 
v. ASSISTANCE. |], Fig. Phr.: Zhave 
c. to the resolution, (mihi) certum est 
(foll. by injin.), Cic.: Liv. (also, more 
lully: certum est deliberatumque, Cic.) : 
I have c. to the conviction, mihi per- 
suasum, persuasissimum est, Cie. ; in 
similar sense, compertum habeo, Sall.. 
“in eam opinionem perductus sum: fo 
c. to oneself, ad se redire, Ter.: Liv.; 
also, ad sanitatem redire, Cic.; com- 
potem sui, animi, mentis fieri, reddi- 
Vv. SOUND. Il]. To happen to (q. v.): 
what has ¢. to him? quid factum est 
(de) illo? Ter.: esp. in phr. to come to 
pass: @vénio, accido, fio, efficior, etc. : 
Vv. TO HAPPEN. IV. Yo amount to 
(q. V.): efficére, esse, etc. Phr.: ites 
to the same thing, eodem revolvitur 
res, Lact. 

— to pieces: dissolvor, solitus. 
Ciec.: Vitr. 

— together: convénio, cééo, con- 
grédior. v. TO ASSEMBLE, MEET. 
Pp: 1, succédo, 3 (i. e. toc. 
up to: with dat., or prep. and acc.) : 
they came up to our front line, sub 
primam nostram aciem successerunt, 
Caes.; also with ad: Liv. 
the acc. atter succedo, without a prep.) 

9. subeo, 4 (constr. same as 1): 

to c. up to the gate of the camp, s, ad 
portam castrorum, Liv.: Caes.: up cs 
a rough forest-like growth, s. aspera 

















(L. also uses | 


3. exeo, 4: barley 
usually c.s up in seven days, plerumque 
e terra exit hordeum diebus septem, 
Varr.. leaves c. up from the root, folia 
a radice ex., Plin. 4, subvénio, 4: 
only of coming up to help: q. v. a 
provénio, 4 (of things growing): trees 
cing up without cultivation, arbores 
sponte sua provenientes, Plin.: Virg. : 
Vv. TO SPRING UP. For to come up toin 
fig. sense, v. TO EQUAL tocome up utth, 
Vv. TO OVERTAKE. 

comeuron: {f, Lit.: sipervénio, 
4 (usu. with dat. or absol.): hec.s upon 
him half-dead and fallen, semianimi 
lapsoque s., Virg.: Ov.: Liv. Il. 
Fig.: as of diseases or other evils: in- 
griio, grui, 3 (with dat.: implying vio- 
lence): diseases c. upon all nations, 
universis gentibus in. morbi, Plin.: v. 
TO FALL UPON, ATTACK. Ill. Zo light 
upon: incido, di, }: V.TO FALL IN WITH. 

comediar: |. An actor (q. v.): 
cOmoedus : Cic. Il. A writer: i 
comicus (seriptor): Pl: Cic. 2. co- 
micus poéta: Cic. Hor. designates the 
old cs, poetae quorum comvedia prisca 
est, Sat. 1, 4, I. 

comedy: comoedia: to wri/e cs, ce. 
facere, ler.: the old c., c. vetus, Cic.; 
c. prisca, Hor, Adv. cOmoedicé, as in 


c., Pl Pertaining to c., cOmicus; v. 
comic. 
comeliness: 1, décentia: thec. 


of colours and shapes, colorum et figu- 
rarum d., Cic. 2. décor, 6ris, m. (not 
to be confounded with decus, Oris): v. 
GRACE, BEAUTY. 
comely: |. Becoming: décens, 
ntis: the c. graces, d. gratiae, Hor.: 
c. attire, d. amictus, Ov. To be c., 
décére: v. TO BE FITTING. I]. Beau- 
tiful: pulcher, vénustus, etc.: V. GRACE- 
FUL, BEAUTIFUL. 
comet: 1. cdmétés, ae, m.: Vic.: 
Virg.: also sidus cometes: ‘l'ac.: Just. 
2. stella crinita; which Cic. says 
was the usual Lat. term: N. D. 2, 5, 14: 
also stella comans, Ov. 
cometary: expr. by gen. of come 
etes. 
comfit: VY. SWEET-MEAT. 
comfort (v-): 1, consdlor, 1: to 
c. any one in distress, aliquem in miser- 
iis c., Cic.: to c. oneself by any means, 
se aliqua rec., Cic. 2, sdlor, 1 (some- 
what less strong than the comp.): Hor. : 
Quint. 8, allévo, 1 (usu. implying 
actual velief, whereas solor, consvlor, de- 
note simply considerations addressed to 
the mind): to c. the body, corpus aL, 
Cic.: 1 am c.d when, though absent, I 
converse with you, allevor quum tecum 
loquor absens, Cie.: v. TO RELIEVE. 
4, *conforto, 1 (i.e. fortem facio: 
without classical authority): “c. ye the 
weak hands,” confortamini manus resol- 
utas, Lact. quot. fr. Is. xxxv. 3 (Div. 
Inst. 4, 15). 
comfort (subs.): 1, sdlatium (oft. 
in pl.): tt ts a great c. (or solace, q. Vv.) 
to be free from blame, vaeare culpa, 
magnum est s., Cic.: to afford c., solatia 
praebere, Ov. 2. consdlatio (the act 
of comforting): to need c. from others, 
aliorum c. indigere, S. Sulp. ap. Cic. : to 
give no small c., non mediocrem c. 
afferre, Cic. 3. (fig.): médicina: J 
do not require c.: Tam my own consoler, 
non egeo medicina: me ipse consolor, 
Cic. Am. 3,10. Phr.: the cs of daily 
life, *quotidiani usus commoda, 
comfortable: commddus: v. CoN- 
VENIENT. Phr.: a c. and easy life, 
pinguis et mollis vita, Plin.: he re- 
Sreshes his limbs with c. slezp, pingui 
membra quiete levat, Ov. (cf Hor. Ep. 
I, 4, 15: “me pinguem et nitidum bene 
curata cute vises’’): to male oneself c. 
(with warmth, good things, ete.), corpus 
curare, Liv. 21, 54. also of genial indul- 
gence, genio indulgere, Hor.: J hope 
you are very c. where you are, vos istic 
commodissime spero esse, Cic. Fam, 
14, 7- 
comfortably: 1, commddé: v. 
CONVENIENTLY ; and preced. art. (/im.), 
2. suaviter: v. PLEASANTLY. 





5 hs 





j 
j 
? 


<> 


COMFORTER 


comforter: 1, consdlator: Cic.: 
Sen. Q. solator- Tib.: Stat. 2. 
As theol. term, the Holy Spirit: paraclé- 
tus, paraclitus (Gr. mapaxAntos): Vulg. 
(Paraclitus is also found with 1: ef. 
Hare, Comforter, p. 323.) 
comfortless: solatii expers ; 
nulla solatia sunt: v. COMFORT: 
UNCOMFORTABLE. 
comfrey: *symphy¥tum: Withering. 
comic, comical; |, Appertaining 
to comedy: cOmicus: @ ¢. poet, poeta c., 
Hor.: a c. subject, res c., Hor.: a c. 
mask, c. persona, Quint. Adv. cOmicé, 
inac. manner: Cic. A c. actor, c- 
moedus: Cic. (or actor comicus, etc. : 
Vv. ACTOR). II. Ridiculous (q. v.): 
ridiculus: Cic.: Hor. Phr.: a c. fel- 
low, lepidus nugator, Pl.; lepidum ca- 
put, Ter. Ad. 5, 9,9: v. MERRY; WAG. 
comically: i. e. amusingly: ridf- 
cule, lépidé: v. RIDICTLOUSLY, MERRILY. 
coming (subs.): adventus, fis: v. 
ARRIVAL. 
coming (adj.): i.e. about to come: 
venturus: the c. age, v. aevum, Virg. 
comma: *comma, itis, n.: M. L. 
(in Donat. p. 1742, commata are the 
small divisions of a sentence, not the 
marks so called): *minima distinctio: 
cf. Donat. I. c. 
command (v.): |. %o give a com- 
mand: 1, impéro, 1 {foll. by dat. 
and ut and subj.: esp. used of a com- 
mand given by military officers): v. TO 
ORDER. 2. jubeo, jussi, jussum, 2 
(foll. by acc. and infin.: implying less 
authoritativeness than 1): v. TO BID. 
3. praecipio, cépi, ceptum, } (i.e. to 
give instruction ; as one having know- 
ledge: foll. both by inf. and by ut with 
subj.) : VY. TO INSTRUCT, DIRECT; V. also 
TO PROCLAIM, DECREE. I]. Zo be in 
command : 1, impéro, 1 (with dat. 
or absol.): he who obeys modestly seems 
worthy to c. some day, qui modeste paret, 
videtur qui aliquando imperet, dignus 
esse, Cic.: V. TO GOVERN. 2. im- 
périto, 1 (frequent of 1)- to c. great 
armies, magnis legionibus imp., Hor. . 
Lucr. But of commanding an army 
more ust., 3. praesum, fui, esse 
(with dat.): toc. a fleet or army, classi, 
exercitui p., Caes.: v. HEAD OF. TO BE 
aT. 4, diico, xi, ctum, 3 (vith acc.) : 
to c. the first pilus or century, primum 
pilum d., Cues.: to c. part of an army, 
partem exercitus d., Sall. In the same 
way is used ducto, 1 (frequent.), of 
continued command: Sall. _§, prae- 
sideo, sédi, 2 (with dat.): toc. an army, 
exercitui p., Luc. Ill. Of situation. 
1, specto, aspecto, I: v. TO LOOK 
TOWARDS. 2. prospecto, 1: the villa 
cs a view of the Sicilian and Tuscan 
sea, Villa p. Siculum et Tuscum mare, 
Phaedr.: Plin. Ep. Phr.- the villa, 
though situated at the foot, has as c.ing 
a view as if it were at the top, villa in 
colle imo sita prospicit quasi ex summo, 
Plin. Ep.: @ dining-room which c.s the 
same’view as the portico, coenatio quae 
eadem quae porticus aspicit, Plin.: so 
with intueri, Plin.: if the view is 
below, despicere, Plin.: v. view. Phr.: 
a fortress c.ing the city, arx urbi im- 
minens: cf. Liv. 21, 11: the beach was 
cd by the adjoining heights, ex locis 
supericribus in litus tela conjici pote- 
rant, Caes. B. G. 4, 23. 
command: — |, The right or power 
tocommand: 1, impérium: to confer 
@ c., imp. dare, Cic.: to continue any 
one in c., alicui imp. prorogare. Suet. : 
to prefer civil and military c.s to friend- 
ship, magistratus imp. amicitiae ante- 
ponere, Cic. 2. praefectira (the 
position of one put in authority: prae- 
ficio)- the c. of the Gallic cavalry, equi- 
tum Gallorum p., Hirt.: the c. of the 
wings, p. alarum, Suet. 3. régimen, 
inis, n.: to hold the c.. r. tenere, ‘Tac.: 
the c. of cohorts, cohortiumr., Tac. 4, 
summa (only of chief command): the c, 
or responsibility of the whole war, totius 
belli s., Cic.: more freq. in combination 
with imperii: to hold the supreme mili- 
tary c., 5. imperil tenere, Cic.: Caes. 


cui 
also 


COMMENT 


Piir.: to appoint to c., praepono, prae- 
ficio (with acc. of person, and dat. of 
thing): v. TO APPOINT: to have the c., 
praésum (with dat.): v. TO COMMAND, 
BE GOVERNOR. Fig.: to have the c. of 
one’s tongue, ears, etc., lingua, auribus, 
competere, Tac. H. 3, 73: they had 
scarce sufficient c. of themselves, vix 
competere animus, Liv. 22, 5. {l. 
A single act of c. (v¥. ORDER): 1, im- 
périum: to obey a c., imperio parere, 
Caes.: unjust c.s, injusta imp., Sall.: by 
Jove's c., Jovis imperio, Virg. DA 
dictum: to obey the c.s of Ser. Tullius, 
Ser. Tullio dicto audientem esse, Livy. : 
Virg.: v. worD. 3, impératum: to 
come at c., ad imp. venire, Caes.: to ex- 
ecute c.s, imp. facere, Caes. 4, man- 
datum: v. CHARGE, COMMISSION. 3 
jussum: v. orpeR. N.B. In the abl. 
only we find the form injussu, without 
command :, without Caesar's c., injussu 
Caesaris, Caes.: without its own c. (of 
the people), inj. suo, Cic. 6, prae- 
dictum (rare): the dictator’s c., dicta- 
toris p., Liv. 
commandant, commander: 1. 
impérator: i. e. c.-in-chief: v. GENE- 
RAL: fem, impératrix, Icis: Cic.: Plin. 
2, ductor: Cic.: Liv. v. LEADER. 
3. dux, diicis,c.; v.GENERAL. 4. 
praefectus (prop. part. pass. of praeficio : 
hence sometimes foll. by dat.): c. of 
| cavalry, p. equitum, Hirt.; or simply 
| praefectus: Caes.: c. of the fleet, p. 
classis, Liv.: Cic.: ¢. of the imperial 
guard, p. praetorii or praetorio, ‘Tac, 
Phr.: to be c. of, praeesse: V. TO COM- 
MAND: to appoint any one c., praeficio, 
praepono: v. TO APPOINT. 
commemorate: memoriam alicujus 
Tei servare ; celebrare, concelebrare = v. 
TO CELEBRATE. N.B. Not commemoro, 
which is to recount. 
commemoration: célébratio: v. 
CELEBRATION. Phr.: by way of ¢c., 
*memoriae (conservandae) causa ; quod 
monumento sit; quod memoriam ali- 
cujus rei revocet, 
commemorative: ad memoriam 
alicujus rei servandain aptus. 
commence; incipio, occipio; inchéo; 
exordior, elc,: V. TO BEGIN. 
commencement: initium, princip- 
ium, primordium, etc.: V. BEGINNING. 
commend: |. To commit, give 
in charge: 1, commendo, 1 (with 
ace. and dat.): I c. and commit myself 
to your protection, ego me tuae c. et 
committo fidei, Ter.: to you I entirely 
c. and entrust mysel/, tibi me totum ec. 
a'que trado, Cic. (N.B. For the simple 





verb mando, v. TO COMMIT.) Q, crédo, 
concrédo: v. TO ENTRUST. 3, com- 
mitto: v. TO CoMMIT. Il. To speak 


well of : V. TO PRAISE. lll. Toc. toa 
person’s notice ov favour, commendo~ v. 
TO RECOMMEND. IV. «To make accept- 


able: 1. probo, 1: Epicurus has c.’d 
himself to many sons, E. se multis 
probavit, Cic. . approbo, 1: durung 


his first years of service he cd himself 
to S. Paullinus, prima castrorum rudi- 
menta S. Paullino approbavit, Tac. 
commendable: 1, commenda- 
bilis, e (rare): not c. for any merit, nec 
ullo c. merito, Liv. 2. probabilis, e 
a c. orator, p. orator, Cic. 3, lauda- 
bilis, e: v. PRAISEWORTHY. 
commendably: ], laud&biliter: 
tolivec., |. vivere,Cic, Q, laudaté: Plin. 
commenda ion: |. The act of 
commending to any one’s protection or 
Javour: commendatio: v. RECOMMENDA- 
TION. ||, Approbation, praise: q. v. 
commendatory: commendaticius: 
ac. letter, tubvliae, litterae c., Cic. 
commender: tkiudator, commend- 
ator: Vv. APPLAUDER. 
commensurable: “id quod cum 
aliqua re commetiri possis. 
commensurate: i.e. adequate, 
sufficient : q.v.. to be c. with, congru- 
ere, respondere, convenire, quadrare: y. 
TO AGREE, ANSWER TO. 
comment (°.) : |. To make verbal 
observations on anything : sententias de 
aliqua re dicere, ferre: V. OBSERVATION : 





COMMISSION 


and foll. art. Il. 70 write notes on 
a book, etc.: 1, anndto,r toc.ona 
book, librum an., Plin. Ep. 2, com 
mentor, 1; lO c. on poems, c, carmina 
Suet. 

comment (subs.): |. An observa- 
tion or remark (usu. in pl.): dicta, sen- 
tentiae: i.e. sayings, opinions q. v 
Phr.: to make c.s on anything, perb. 
commemorare de aliqua re (i.e. to make 
Frequent mention of it), Cic.: to make 
invidious c.s on any ome, crimina (in ali- 
quem) serere, cf. Liv. 24, 23 (cf. Virg.’s 
Spargere voces in vulgum ambiguas): 
invehi in aliquem, Liv. (but both are 
stronger than the English). Il. A 
note, to illustrate a writing, ete.: annbt- 
atio, commentarium, etc.: y. aNNoTA- 
TION, 

commentary : commentirius, com- 
mentarium . usu. in pl. (prop. of memo- 
randa made in a note-book: q. v.): cs 
exp/ain uhat is obscure in writings, 
commentarji_quae obscure scripta sunt 
edisserunt, Hier. (the commentaria of 
Suet. are prob. notes, grammatical and 
critical.) 


commentitious: commenticius: 
Cic.: v. FICTITIOUS. 
commerce : |. Trade: 1, com- 


merciuni: a great sea and an unknown 
tongue prevented c., mare magnum et 
ignara lingua commercia probibelant, 
Sall. 2, mercatiira, mercatus- Ciec,: 
V. TRAFFIC. Il. Intercourse: q. v. 

commercial : quod ad commercium 
pertinet. Phr.: they have c. dealings 
with us, est iis commercium cum nobis, 
Cic.: to bring about c. intercourse be- 
tween different nations, diversas gentes 
commercio miscere, Plin. c. places, 
commercia, Plin.: @ c¢. mart, forum 
rerum venalium, Sall. (v. MARKET): @ 
c. nation, *gens commerciis dedita. ac. 
treaty, *foedus de rebus venalibus im- 
portandis atque exportandis ictum- 
there is very little c. intercourse between 
them and other nations, minime ad eos 
mercatores saepe commeant, Caes. 

commination: minue, aram: y, 
MENACE, 

commingle: misceo, commisceo: y, 
TO MINGLE. 

comminute : comminnuo, contendo: 
V. TO BREAK IN PIECES. 

commiserate; milstror, commisér- 
or: v. TO PITY 

commissariat : I. A body of 
men to whom ts entrusted the provision- 
ing of troops: rej frumentariae prae- 
fecti (the most general term for such 
officers: v. Tac. A. 11, 31): qui rei fru- 
mentariae commeatnique praesunt (vy. 
inf. 11.)- frumentarii, Hirt.: *daum- 
viri, triumviri, etc. rei fruamentariae eu- 
randae, suppeditandae. |], The actual 
victualling of an army; 1, res fra- 
mentaria: Caes.: Tac. 2, comméats, 
Us: for reasons of c., rei frumentariae 
commeatusque causa, Caes,: V¥. PROVI- 
SIONS, 

commissary: one to whom some- 
thing is commitied in charge: procir- 


ator; curator; légatus: v., COMMIs- 
SIONER, AGENT. 
commission (subs.): J. Act of 


committing or doing: expr. by ger. or 
part. of verbs under commit (I].). Phr.: 
to be caught in the c. of a crime, depre- 
hendi in manifesto scelere, Cic. |], Act 
of intrusting, as a charge or duty: 
expr. by verb: in the c. of your interests 
to my protection, *quod res tuas meae 
fidei commendasti: v. TO COMMEND, 
COMMIT. — ||], The business committed or 
entrusted: 1, mandatum (usu. in pl.): 
to perform a c.,m. procurare, Cic.: also, 
m. exsequi, persequi, Cie.: to give any 
one a c.,alicui mandata dare, Cic : to 
neglect a c., m. negligere, Ov.: an action 
for the performance of ac., actio mand- 
ati, Dig.: Cic. , cagsa (rare): to 
whom the senate had in the public behalf 
given the c. to thank me, cui senatus 
dederat publice causam (i.e as a kind 
of brief) ut mibi gratias ageret, Cie 

IV, 4A number of persons joined im 
an office or trust: *ii quibus aliquid ex- 

135 


COMMISSION 


COMMON ® 


COMMOTION 


pe oe | a nn 
sequendum, peragendum, procurandum, 


etc., committitur, mandatur, permit- 
titur: to be put in c. (e.g. am office), 
*procuraturibus committi, etc.: to put 
a ship into c., *navem instruendam at- 
que ad bellum parandam curare. V. 
In commerce: Phr.: to do business 
onc., negotia procurare, Cic.; *ex man- 
dato negotiari: a c. merchant, *qui ita 
negotiatur ut ex rerum vendendarum 
fructibus, ratam portionem (centesi- 
mam, quinquagesimam, etc. ; i, e€. one 
or two per cent.) ipse sibi percipiat: 
his commission, merces: V. REMUNE- 
RATION. In the army: Phr.: 
to hold ac.in the army, militibus, co- 
horti, etc., praeesse, praepositum esse : 
Vv. TO COMMAND: to get ac. as tribune, 
tribunum fieri, Hor. 
commission (v.): i.e. to give a com- 
mission to: mando, 1: I do not intend 
toc. you at all by letter in reference to 
our affairs, tibide nostris rebus nihil sum 
mandaturus per literas, Cic.: also man- 
data alicui dare: v. supr. (subs.): Vv. TO 
CHARGE, EMPOWER. 
commissioner : now used of legally 
commissioned persons only: legatus 
(one sent upon public business): Sall. : 
v. ENVOY, AMBASSADOR. In Latin the 
numper of such c.s is often expr.: as, 
two c.s tor building a temple, duumviri 
aedis taciendae, Liv.: so we find, trium- 
viri reipublicae constituendae; decem- 
viri legibus condendis, etc.: ¢.s of bank- 
ruptcy : *ii quibus negotium commit- 
titur ut in res debitoris qui non 
solvendo sit, inquirant, 07 de debitoris 
rebus, etc., quaestiunem lbabeant: v. 
COMMISSION. 
commit: |. To give in trust: 
1, mando, 1 (with acc. and dat.): to 
c.a son toany one torear, filium alicui 
alendum m., Virg. : toc. seed totheground, 
gemen terrae m., Col.: to c. anything 
to memory, to writing, aliquid mem- 
oriae, literis m., Cic. 9, commendo, 
1 (stronger than simple verb): v. TO 
COMMEND. 3. committo, misi, mis- 
sum, 3 (usu. with acc. and dat.): v. TO 
COMMEND: to c. seeds to the furrows, 
semina sulcisc., Virg.: to c. anything 
to writing, literisc., Cic.; tabellis c., 
Ov.: to c. the issue to accident, rem in 
casum ancipitis eventus c., Liv. 4. 
depono, positi, pdsitum, 3: to give back 
what has been c.’d to one, deposita red- 
dere, Cic. : esp. in the language of Chris- 
tian epitaphs, of the body c.'d to the 
grave, depositum : v. TO DEPOSIT. 5. 
demando, 1: to c. boys to the care of a 
tutor, pueros unius (paedagogi) curae d., 
Liv.: toc. the care of the wownded sol- 
diers to the tribunes, curam sauciorum 
militum tribunis d., Liv.: Suet.: v. To 
ENTRUST, GIVE OVER. Phr.: toc. to 


prison, in carcerem, in vincula conjicere ; | 


in custodiam dare, Cic. : v. TO IMPRISON. 

||. To perpetrate (a crime): iL 
admitto, misi, missum, 3 (usu. with in 
and ace. of pron. reflect.): what such 


great crime have I c.d? quod in me) 


tantum facinus admisi? Cic.: also with 
direct acc.; if Milo had c.d any offence, 
si Milo admisisset aliquid, Liv. 2), 
committo, 3 (perh. less strong than ad- 
mitto: foll. by direct ace.): to c. a 
greater offence, majus delictum c., Caes. : 
to c. adultery, adulterium c., Quint. : Cic. 


3. concipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (prop. | 


of planning the deed): they had c.d 
inexpiable crimes, frances inexpiabiles 
conceperant, Cie.: toc. a shameful ac- 
tion in concert with any one, flagitium 
cum aliquo c, Cic. 4, édo, didi, dit- 
um, 3 (of the overt deed): toc. a crime 
against any one, scelus in aliquem e., 
Cic. 5, perpetro, 1 (rare in this 
sense): to c. sacrilege, sacrilegium p., 
Just. See also 10 BE GUILTY OF. Ill. 
To engage or bind: 1, obligo, 1: the 
engagement of a vow by which we are 
cd to the god, voti sponsio qua obliga- 
mur deo, Cic.: the republic holds him 
c’d by many and great pledges, magnis 
et multis pignoribus respublica eum ob- 
ligatum tenet, Cic. 9. obstringo; v. 
TO BIND. « 
136 


commitment: expr. by verb: v. 
TO COMMIT. 
committee ; delecti quibus aliquid 
agendum, curandum, procurandum com- 
mittitur: or simply delecti: Liv. The 
precise number is often named: as, to 
arrange those laws a c. of ten men 28 
appointed, ad eas (leges) constituendas, 
decemviri creati, Liv. epit. 
commodious: 1. commodus: v. 
CONVENIENT. Q, expéditus (i.e. freed 
from obstacles) : he leaves the light vessels 
in a c. place (of anchorage), expedito 
loco actuaria navigia relinquit, Caes. 
Phr.: @ ¢. house, *aedes satis amplae 
atque commodae. 
commodiously : commdédeé: v. con- 
VENIENTLY, COMFORTABLY. 
commodiousness: V. CONVENTENCE: 
of ahouse, harbour, etc.: amplitudo: v. 
SPACIOUSNESS. 
commodity: usu. of things bought 
and sold: res venalis; merx: V. MERB- 
CHANDIZE. 
common (adj.): ]. Belonging 
to more than one, shared with: com- 
munis, e (foll. by dat. or abl. with 
cum): death is c. to every age, omni 
aetati mors est c., Cic.: Troy, the c. se- 
pulchre of Europe and of Asia, ‘Troja 
commune sepulcrum Europae Asiaveque, 
Cat.: the one isc. to us and to the gods, the 
other to us and to beasts, alterum nobis 
cum dis, alterum cum beluisc. est, Sall.: 
all things belonging to friends are c. to 
each other, c. sunt amicorum inter se 
omnia, Cic.: c. feeling or sense of pro- 
priety, c. sensus, Hor. (also used _to de- 
note ordinary reason; Phaedr. M.L.): 
c. places, i.e. stock-topics, loci c., Cic. 
|. Belonging to the public: 1. 
publicus: ¢. property, (quod) publici 
juris est, Hor.: Cic.: v.PUBLIC. 2, com- 
miinis, e: their private property was 
small, the c. stock large, privatus illis 
census erat brevis, commune (Gr. ro 
cowov) magnum, Hor. : c. subjects (i. e. 
such as are ¢. property), communia, Hor. 
Phr.: to provide for the c. good, in com- 
mune consulere, Ter.; so, laborare in C., 
Quint.: to have ali things c. (strictly, to 
get for the general good), in medium 
quaerere, Virg.: similarly, in medium 
quaesita reponere, Virg.; in medium con- 
ferre, Cic.: v. COMMON, IN; COMMUNITY. 
Il]. Usual, ordinary: 1, vulgaris, 
e: rare and not c., rarum et haud v., 
Cic.: c. opinion, use, opinio, usus V., 
Cic.: c. fare, vulgaria, Hor,: v. VULGAR. 
2. tritus (i.e. well-worn): @ c¢. 
proverb, t. proverbium, Cic.: let us 
make this word more general and c., 
faciamus usitatius hoc verbum ac tritius, 
Cie. 3. vilis, e, (i. e. of little value, 
cheap: 4. V.): 
things, aqua vilissima rerum, Hor.: 
the c. round (of subjects), v. orbis, Hor. 
4, vulgatus (i.e. generally diffused): 
a c. opinion, Vv. opinio, Quint.: a more c. 








report, vulgatior fama, Liv.: very c., 
pervulgatus, a very c. form of consola- 
tion, perv. consolatio, Cic. (N.B. There 
appears to be no good authority tor the 
word pervulgaris.) 5, quotidianus 
(i.e. of every day): c. words, q. verba, 
| Cic. 6, popiilaris, e (i.e. used by 
| people in general): c. words, p. verba, 
Cic.: c. (cheap). salt, sal p., Cato: the ec. 
name (of a plant), p. nomen, Plin. ae 
médiocris, €: Vv. MIDDLING, ORDINARY. 
Phr.: ac. soldier, gregarius miles, Cic. 5 
Sall.: a c. horse soldier, g. eques, Tac.: 
a c. soldier's cloak, gregale sagulum, 
Liv.: c. bread, cibarius panis, Cic. (prob. 
with ref. to the rations {cibaria] of a 
common soldier or slave): @ c. man, 
i.e. belonging to the c. people (plebs), 
plebéius homo: ac. woman; VY. PROSTI- 
TUTE. IV. Zn grammar or prosody: 
1, comminis, e: ac. syllable, c. syl- 
laba, Donat.: c. gender, c. genus, Charis. 
2. anceps, cipitis: v. DOUBTFUL. 
8, promisciius: @ c. noun, promis- 
cuum nomen, Quint. 
common (subs.) : i. e. public pasture- 
land, communia pascua; ager publicus, 
compascuus, Cic.; also, comimiAiones, 
.um: v, Fore. s.v 





water, commonest of 





common. in (adv. phr.): |, For 
c.use, for all: in medium, in commune: 
v. coMMON (II.). Il. With another or 
others : 1, commimniter: the letter 
which you wrote in c. with others, litterae 
quas c. cum aliis scripsisti, Cic.: anger 
inflames them both in c., ira ¢. urit 
utrumque, Hor. 2. promiscue- ye 
would prefer to enjoy the whole of the 
Campus Martius in c. to possessing & 
small part of it as private property, 
promiscue toto quam proprie parva frui 
parte Campi Martii malletis, Cic. 

common-council: minicipalis sén- 
atus; déctiriones (the members of the 
senates of colonies and municipia, or 
provincial towns, were so called), Cic.: 
of or belonging to such a body, décurio- 
nalis, e: Inscr. 

common-crier : 
CRIER. 

common-hall . v. HALL. 

common-law; jus civile, tralati- 
cium (i. €. traditum a majoribus), Suet. : 
lex non scripta, Cic. 

common-place: _ |. Subs.: lécus 
communis (esp. in pl.): used of the 
stuck-topics which might be introduced 
in any speech, etc.. Cic. I. Aqj. + 
hackneyed, wanting novelty, etc.. vul- 
garis, popiilaris: v. common (III.). 

common-place-book :_commenta- 
rius: esp. in pl.: Sen.. Plin. Ep.: v 
NOTE-BOOK. 

commonage: right of pasturing on 
common land: *jus agri publici, com- 
pascul. 

commonalty, commons: 
plebis ; also plebes, éi, f.: 1 
Rome as opposed to the patricians tt- 
bunes of the c., triburi plebis, or simply 
tribuni, Cic.: Liv.: thec., influenced by 
a desire for ruling, seceded from the 
patricians, plebes, dominandi studio per- 
mota, a patribus secessit, Sall.: Cic.: 
Liv.: a resolution of the c., plébisci- 
tum, as one word, Liv. Dimin, as 
term of contempt, plébectla: Hor. Adj. 
pléebéius, belonging to the c.: Vv. PLE- 
BEIAN. Phr.: the house of c., *parla- 
menti s. senatfis plebeius ordo, Milt, 
Defens. 8: members of the house of Cy 
senatores plebeii, Milt.: who also uses 
domus plebeia and collectively plebs: 
ib.: *curia plebeia (the building). 

commons: i.e. rations (q. v.): cib- 
aria, orum: Pl.: Caes. 

commonly ; |. Usually : i 
féré, ferme, plérumqué: v. USUALLY, 
GENERALLY, MOSTLY. 2, vulgo: such 
were the times that men were c. killed 
with impunity, ejusmodi tempus erat 
ut homines v. impune occiderentur, Cic. - 
it happened that the soldiers c. left their 
standards, accidit ut v. milites ab signis 
discederent, Caes. Il. Jn @ common, 
i. e. ordinary or vulgar manner : méd- 
jocriter, vulgariter (rare): v. VULGARLY. 

commonwealth: 1. respublica, 
réipublicae (applicable to a monarchy as 
well as to a republic): the c. underwent 
a complete revolution, commutata ratio 
est rei totius publicae, Cic.: to perform 
one’s duty to the c., reip. officium prae- 
stare, Caes.: I speak of these three kinds 
of c.s, loquor de tribus his generibus rer- 
ump., Cic. Sometimes res alone is used, 


praeco, Onis: v. 


plebs, 


especially by poets: he shall establish the - 


Roman c., hic rem Romanam sistet, 
Virg.: Caesar being the guardian of the 
c., custode rerum Caesare, Hor: the 
Gauls are generally fond of changes in 
the c., Galli novis plerumque rebus stu- 
dent, Caes. 9, civitas: used both of 
the body politic and of the members of tt 
collectively : V. STATE, CITIZENS. 
commotion : |, Violent motion 
in general : 1, motus, is (chiefly of 
political tumults, etc.) : to occasion &@ Cc. 
in the state, motum afferre reip., Cie. 
2. commotio: v. DISTURBANCE, EX- 
CITEMENT. 3, agitatio (i.e. tossing, 
agitation: q.v.): c.sof the waves, agita- 
tiones fluctuum, Cic. 4; timultus, is 
(tumult, disorder : q. v.): having quitted 
the camp with great noise and c., magno 
cum strepitu ac t. castris egressi, Caes.: 
banquets turned into sudden c., 1M re= 


i. e. the c. of 











» jtospraestare; efficere ut ne aditus prae- 


‘COMMUNE 


COMPANION 


COMPARATIVELY 





pentinos convivia versa t., Ov.: clammy 
will produce ac. in the bowels, 
stomacho t. lenta feret pituita, Hor. 
5, turba (riot: q. v.). @ stirrer up 
of cs, concitator turbae atque tumultus, 
jiv.: to make c.s in the camp, efficere 
t in castris, Cic.: they get their liveli- 
hood from c. and seditions, turba et se- 
ditionibus aluntur, Sall. Hence, means 
of c., turbamenta: t. reipublicae, Sall. : 
t. vulgi, ‘l'ac.: a stirrer up of c., turba- 
tor, Liv.: Tac. the act of stirring up 
¢., turbatio (rerum): Liv. Phr.. to 
calm the c. of the waves, fluctus compon- 
ere motos, Virg.: to excite c.s in the 
commonwealth, remp. miscere, turbare, 
Cic.: v. TU CONFUSE. 
commune (v.): colléquor, confabil- 
lor: v. TO CONVERSE. 
opmnane (subs.): perh. pagus ; 
c 


communicable: quod comminicari, 
impertiri, potest: v, TO COMMUNICATE. 
communicate: A, Trans.: |, 
To impart, bestow (q. V.): impertio, do, 
etc. N.B. The sense may sometimes be 
conveyed by means of ad in composition: 
as, toc. by rubbing, by breathing, affric- 
are, afflare, etc. =|, To share recipro- 
cally: comminico, 1 (with acc. andcum 
and abl., or inter and acc.) : a man with 
whom I may c. whatever gives me any 
anzety, homo quocum communicem 
omnia quae me cura aliqua afficiunt, 
Cic.: the plan having been c.d to each 
other, communicato inter se consilio, 
Liv.: v. TO SHARE. See also TO DIS- 
CLOSE, REVEAL. B, Intraus.: I. 
To have access by a communication or 
passage: commeatiis continere, Pl. St. 
3, I, 44. Phr: a passage by which 
chambers c., pervius usus tectorum inter 
se, Virg.: V. THOROUGHFARE, PASSAGE: 
the veins of the boly c. with each other, 
*corporis venae invicem se excipiunt. 
I]. Zo have intercourse : 1, com- 
minico, 1 (prop. trvans.: v. supr. I): to 
c. with any one on very important sub- 
jects, alicui de maximis rebus c., Caes. : 
also, c. cum aliquo de aliqua re, Cic. 
2. colldquor: vy. TO CONVERSE, 
CONFER. 
communication (swbs.): |, Theact 
of imparting, conferring, or delivering 
from one to another: commiunicatio; c. 
of advantages, c. utilitatum, Cic.: c. of 
advice, consiliic.,Cic. |, Intercourse 
by verbal or other means : 1, com- 
mercium: to have c. with the plebeians, 
c. plebis habere, Liv.: I have mc com- 
munication with him, mihi c. ullius rei 
cum illo non est, Cic. 2. iisus, us: 
he is a neighbour of mine and I have 
much c. with him, mihicum eo vicinitas 
et magnus u. est, Cic. 8. consiéti- 
do; v. INTERCOURSE, CONNEXION. Ill. 
A connecting passage: 1, commea- 
tus, ts: PL 2, transitus, us: he 
established a c. across the ditch by a 
small wooden bridge, fossae transitum 
ponticulo ligneo conjunxit, Cic. Phr.: 
to cut off the c.s of an army, copias a 
mutuo inter se auxilio intercludere, cf. 
Liv. 8, 24: v. TO CUT OFF: to keep c.s 
open, *aditus (ad se, etc.) apertos, exped- 


sepiantur. intercludantur, etc. 
communicative: Vv. #RANK, AF- 
FABLE, hr.: @ very c. man, *qui 
libenter cum aliis sermocinatur, collo- 
quitur, consilia, rationes confert; ser- 
mone libero atque candido homo; cui 
bene rimosae aures sunt, cf. Hor. S. 2, 
6, 46 (faceté). 
aro mumunicat.veness : Vv. preced. 
communion: |, Fellowship, in- 
tercourse, community (q.v.): commiunio, 
sdciétas, consortium, etc. ll, he 
Lord’s supper: comminio; Aug.: also, 
Euchiristia, coena Domini: v. EUCHA- 
BIST. Il. Union of professing Chris- 
tians ina particular church: sdciétas: 
V. SOCIETY. — 
community > 
sion or enjoyment: 


[, Common posses- 
1, communitas. 





law, of rights, c. legis, juris, Cic. 8: 
consortium, s6ciétas: Vv. PARTNERSHIP. 
Phr.: they had entire c. of goods,omnia 
(iis) communia et indivisa omnibus 
erant, Justin.: Vv. COMMON, IN. ll. 4 
society of people: 1. civitas: v. 
STATE. 2, commine, is, n. (Gr. 
To Kowov): the c. of the Milyades, c. 
Milyadum, Cic. 

commutability; expr. by phr.: 
inter se commutari posse, etc.: Vv. TO 
EXCHANGE. 

commutable: quae inter se com- 
mutari possint. 

commutation: mitiatio, permuta- 
tio, etc. : V. CHANGE; and foll. art. Phr. 
ac. of tithes, *decimarum mutatio certa 
pecunia. 

commute: esp. used of altering a 
punishment to ore less severe: Phr.: 
his sentence of death was c.d to banish- 
ment, *capitis damnato exilium ei per- 
missum est; quum sententiis judicum 
capitis damnatus esset, leviore poena 
exilium ei irrogatum est: to c. tithes, 
*decimas certa pecunia mutare. 

compact (a4j.) : 1, compactus 
part. of compingo): with some such 
ady. as bene, apte, arcte: cf. Cic. Fin. 
3. 22, 74: as adj. the word is not found 
in Cic.- c. and strong limbs, c. firmaque 
membra, Suet. 2, sdlidus: v. SOLID. 

8. spissus: a tunic of a close, c. 


‘texture, s. tunica, Pl.: a c. ship with 


seams that keep out water, s. navis, junc- 
turis aquam excludentibus, Sen... v. 
DENSE, CLOSE. 4, pressus: this and 
the preceding word are esp. used of 
style: v. CONCISE. 

compact (v.): compingere atque co- 
agmentare, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: Vv. TO 
CEMENT, FASTEN TOGETHER. 

compact (subs): 1, pactum: a 
c. is an agreement between parties, p. 
est quod inter aliquos convenit, Cic.: to 
abide by a c., in pacto manere, Cic.; 
pacto stare, Liv. (Pactio, properly the 
act of forming a compact, is also used 
for the c. itself: v. AGREEMENT.) 2. 
foedus, Gris, x. (usu. but not always, a 
public c.): a ec. of friendship, f. ami- 
citiae, Ov.: to make ac. (of two parties), 
f. inter se facere, Cic. (if a formal treaty, 
f. icere, ferire): Vv. LEAGUE, TREATY. 

8, conventum, conventio : v. AGREE- 
MENT. Phr.: if they stood by their c., 
si in eo manerent quod convenisset, 
Caes. 

compactly:  confertim ; 
Spissé ; press€: Vv. CLOSELY. 

compactness: |, Of particles or 
component elements: 1, densitas, 
spissitas or spissitido: Vv. DENSITY, 
CLOSENESS. 9. sdliditas: v.soLipiTy. 
Phr.: thec. of the phalanx, *phalangis 
ordo confertus, Al Of style: Pbr. 
we admire the c. of the style of Thucy- 
dides, *densum et rerum frequentia 
cerebrum Thucydidem miramur: v. CON- 
CISE, CLOSE. 

companion: 1, socius. the most 
general term: whom no one would wish 
to have as his c.s at dinner, quos s. 
habere ad epulas nemo velit, Cic.: he 
was always myc. and friend, is mibi 
s. atque amicus semper fuit, Cic. 2. 
sédalis, is, m. (a c. at table; a boon c., 
messmate): your friend and c., tuus 
amicus ets., Pl.: Pompey, first of myc.s, 
Pompei meorum prime sodalium, Hor. : 
it was the time for a Jeast, cs] tempus 
erat dapibus, sodales! Hor. 3, com 
sors, rtis, c. (@ partner, q. V.): a@ Cc, in 
gains and thefts, c. in lucris atque furtis, 
Cie. 4, cdmes, itis, c. (esp. on a 
journey): he was my c. and the sharer 
of all my journeys, c. meus fuit, et om- 
nium itinerum meorum socius, Cic.: to 
goas ac, to any one, alicui ec. ire, Virg.: 
Hor. Fig.: glory the c. of death, mortis 
c. gloria, Cic. | §, contitibernalis (prop. 
of soldiers in the same tent: hence in 
gen. sense): Plin. Ep. Phr.. a boonc., 
combibo, dnis; compotor, Cic.: a table 
c., convictor, conviva, Cic.: V. GUESP: @ 
c. in tricks, congerro, Onis, PL: v. com- 


densé, 


©. of life and subsistence, vitae atque} RADE. to be ac. of, keep company with, 


victus c., Cic, 











Col.; familiariter uti, latus alicujus non 
ee (i. e. to keep c. with constantly), 
Cc. 
companionable: 1, commédus, 
ac. messmate, comissator c., ler? Cic: 
Vv. OBLIGING. Q. facilis, e: v. RASy, 
KIND. 8, affabilis, e v. AFFABLE, 
N.B. Not sociabilis which = capable of 
association: Vv. SOCIABLE. Pbhr.: a 
very good-natured and c. man, *vir fac- 
illimis atque commodissimis moribus 5 
quocum jucunde conversari possis. the 
reverse of c., incommddus, mdlestas, 
importinus, difficilis: v. DISAGREEABLE, 
CUURLISH. 
companionably: comiter, urbané, 
etc. : Vv. COURTEOUSLY, 
companionship: 1, sddalitas 
(i.e. the intimacy of sodales: v. com- 
PANION, L1.): c. and intimacy, s. famil- 
juritasque, Cic. (The form sodalicium 
is less usual, but is found in Catull. and 
Val. Max.) 2. contibernium (prop. 
of soldiers making use of the same tent 
hence generally of persons living under 
one roof, or associating together): cf. 
Suet. Aug. 89; Cal. 10: and Plin. Ep. 
10, 94 (95-.) Phr.: to enjoy the c. of 
anyone, aliquo familiariter uti, alicujus 
lateri adjungi, etc. v. COMPANION (/in.) 
company : |. 4 body of soldiers : 
(?) maniptilus (the thirtieth part of a 
legion: a maniple): to deploy the cs, 
manipulos laxare, Caes. Phr.: soldiers 
of the same c., manipulares, Caes.: the 
army was drawn up by c.s, manipula- 
tim structa acies, Liv. Or perh. cen- 
turia may be used: v. CENTURY. Ik. 
Any assemblage or collection, of men or 
of animals: ], coetus, is: a c. of 
matrons, c. matronarum, Cic.: Suet. 
9. grex, grégis, m. (prop. of ani- 
mals): will you then cast back Sulla 
out of these c.s of most respectable men 
into this c.? in hunc igitur gregem P. 
Sullam ex his honestissimorum homi- 
num gregibus rejicietis? Cic. (but grex 
is used in a bad sense=crew: q. V.) 
Ill. An assembly of persons for em 
tertainment or festivity : 1, (of those 
present at a coena): coenantes, um: 
what c. you had that you so enjoyed, 
Iwould fain know, quis coenantibus 
una, pulcre fuerit tibi, nosse laboro, 
Hor. S. 2, 8, 19: to offend the c., coe- 
nantes offendere, Hor. (In the same 
Way may be used convivantes, comis- 
santes, etc.; acc. to the nature of the 
entertainment: V. TO BANQUET.) a 
convivium (prop. the entertainment 
itself; and used of the people in pl. 
only in late authors): Sen.: v. GUEST. 
IV. A body of players : 1, cat- 
erva (rare): Pl. Q. grex: PL: Ter. 
VY. A number of persons united for 
trading purposes : ], sdclétas: he 
Jormed a c. for those commodities which 
were procured in Gaul, fecit societatem 
earum rerum quae in Gallia compara- 
bantur, Cic. 2, collégium: v. GUILD, 
CORPORATION. Vi. The crew of a 
ship: socii navales: Vv. CREW. 
comparable: 1, compi&randus, 
conférendus: v. TO COMPARE. & 
comparabilis, e (very rare): Cic.: Liv. 
3, aemiilus (with dat.: poet.); lips 
c. to roses, labra rosis ae., Hor. 
comparably : ita ut comparari, con- 
ferri possit: v. TO COMPARE. 
comparative : |, Estimated by 
comparison, not positive or absolute : 
Phr.: we may easily see the c. insig- 
nificance of these causes, *quam nullae 
sint hae causae, si modo aliis conferan- 
tur, videre palam [in aperto] est: you 
have great c. advantages, *magna tibi 
alienorum ratione habita adjumenta 
sunt. N.B. Not comparativus : which 
means pertaining to comparison: it 
must however be used in technical 
sense; as, c. anatomy, *anatomia com- 
parativa,. ||. In Grammar: the c. 
degree, gradus comparativus; or with- 
out a subs.: Donat. (In the same sense 
Fest. has collatio.) 
comparatively: Phr.: (they show) 
c. @ good deal of calculation and shill 


2, comminio: ¢. of) conversari; usu. foll. by cum; Sen.: | sor Germuns, multum ut inter Ger- 


137 


COMPARE 





manos rationis ac sollertiae, Tac.: he 
was, for a Roman, c. a learned man, 
multae (erant in eo) ut in homine Ro- 
mano literae, Cic. Or it may be expr. 
by such phrases as, *si modo cum aliis 
conferatur, comparetur ; ratione aliorum 
habita, etc.: or, by the comparative de- 
gree: as, the good orators will be found, 
by the side cf the good jorts, to be c. 
few in number, multo pauciores ora- 
tores quam poétae boni reperientur, Cic. 
Phr.. c. few persons, nemo fere, Cic. 
N.B. Not compiraté, which is good 
Latin. but has a diff. sense: v. Cic. 
Top. 22, 84. 

compare: 1, compiro, 1 (the 
word denoting the thing to or with 
which another is compared, being put 
in the dat.; the acc. with a prep. [rare ; 
and poet.]; or, very freq. in the abl. 
with cum): toc. resemblances, simili- 
tudines ¢. Cie.: to c. things greater, 
less, equal, majora, minora, paria, c., 
Cic.: nor is this man to be c.d to the 
other, nec comparandus hic quidem ad 
illum est, Ter.: even the” Gauls them- 
selves do not c. themselves to the Ger- 
mans in valour, ne se quidem Galli ipsi 
cum Germanis virtute c., Caes.: and 
does Ajax c. himself to me? et se mibi 
c. Ajax? Ov.: to c. things together, res 
inter se c., Cic. 2. compono, podsui, 
positum, 3 (constr. same as 1): to c. 
words with deeds, dicta cum factis c., 
Sall.: to c. small with great, parva mag- 
nis¢., Virg.: Cic. 3, conféro, tiili, la- 
tum, 3 (constr. same as above): c. this 
peace with that war, conferte 
pacem cum illo bello, Cic.: to c. small 
things with great, parva magnis c., 
Cic.: Hor. 4, contendo, di, sum and 
tum, 3: c. whatever you huve said 
on the other side with my defence, 
quidquid tu contra dixeris, id cum nos- 
tra defensione contendito, Cic. Rosc. 
Am. 33, 93 (where immediately after 
conferre is used synunymously): to c. 
laws, leges c., Cic.: v. TO CONTRAST. 
N.B. Comparo is used of comparing 
things which nearly resemble each other : 
compono is to set side by side, in order 
to discern resemblance or difference : 
confero and contendo, esp. the latter, 
are often equiv. to the Eng. contrast: 
q. Vv. §, aequiparo, 1: i.e. to set 
on an equality with: Pl.: Liv.: v. To 
LIKEN. 

comparison: |. The act of com- 
paring : 1, comparatio: Cic. 7. 
collatio (esp. of rhetorical c.s or similes : 
q. v.): Cie. 3. contentio: Cic. (who 
uses contentio along with comparatio, 
Off. 1, 17, 58). 4, Expr. by means 
of verb: as, “ec. more than reality makes 
men happy or wretched,” *hominum for- 
tunae magis quum inter se conferuntur, 
quam quum ipsae per se aestimantur, 
eos vel beatos vel miseros reddunt. See 
also foll. art. 

comparison, in: foll. by wrrn (adv. 
phr.): ad (with accus.): in ec. 
with this man's wisdom he (Thales) was 
@ trifler, ad sapientiam hujus ille nu 
gator fuit, Pl.: @ worthy man and not 
unlettered, but nothing in c. with (“no- 
thing to”) Persius, vir bonus et non 
illiteratus, sed nihil ad Persium, Cic. 

2, adversus (i.e. as a set off 

against : with acc.) : what are two suc- 
cessful wars in c. with so many dis- 
graces? quid sunt duo prospera bella 
adversus tot dedecora? Liv. 3. prae 
(with abl.: or, when a clause follows, 
prae ut or prae quam: very common): 
you are not, indeed, free from annoy- 
ances, but inc. with us are happy, non 
tu quidem vacuus molestiis, sed prae 
nobis, beatus, Cic.: this, indeed, is no- 
thing in c. with other things that I shall 
tell of, nihil hercle quidem hoc prae ut 
alia dicam, Pl.: now I think little of 
anything else in c. with the way in 
which ke has humbugged me, jam mino- 
ris omnia facio prae quam quibus modis 
me ludificatus est, PI. 


hance | 





compartment: 1, lécilus: esp. 
in pl.; which often signifies a box di-| 
Y into c.s: with c.s or small cells, | 
138 


COMPEL 


one separate from another, loculis seu 
cellulis, alia ab alia distinctis, Plin.: 
Vair.: Veg.: see also coffer. Full of, 
divided into, c.s, oculatus : painters have 
large boxes, full of c.s, in which are 
different colowred paints, pictores 1. 
magnas habent arculas ubi discolores 
sunt cerae, Varr. Also lécilésus: Plin. 
2. cella, cellila: v. CELL. 
compass (subs.) : |. Stretch, 
Scope : 1. gyrus, i, m.: you confine 
the orator toa very narrow c., in exi- 
guum sane g. oratorem compellitis, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 19, 70: Col. 2. fines, can- 
celli: V, LIMITS, BOUNDARIES. Phr : 
to treat (the whole subject of civil law) 
within @ narrow e., in parvum quen- 
dam angustumque concludere, Cic.; so, 
in exiguum angustumque concludere, 
Cic.: to confine oneself within a narrow 
c. (of literal translation), in artum (arc- 
tum) desilire, Hor.: he would sing 
through the whole c. of his voice, cita- 
ret, modo summa voce, modo hac reso- 
nat quae chordis quatuor ima, Hor.: v. 
EXTENT, REACH, CIRCUMFERENCE. Il. 
Compasses, pair of: circinus: Caes.: 
Vitr. WI. Alariner’s c.: “ pyxis nau- 
tica; magneticae acus capsula”: Kr. 
(Perh. better *acus magnetica alone.) 
compass (v-): |. To encompass : 
q. V- Il. To accomplish (q. v.): ex- 
séquor, conséquor, 3; patro, perpetro, r. 
compassion : miséricordia (the emo- 
tion or passion itsel/): misératio (the 
action ot the mind in c.): to feel c., mi- 
séret, 2 (¢mpers.: with acc. of subject 
and gen. of object): to show c., miser- 
esco, 33 miséror, commiséror, 1: v. 
PiITy (subs. and verb) throughout. 
compassionate (adj.): miséricors, 
dis: c. towards any one, m. in aliquem. 
Cic.; also in aliquo (i.e. in any one’s 
case), Sall. ‘The comp. and superl. 
must be expr. by circuml.: as, very c., 
misericordiae plenus; magna s. eximia 
misericordia; prae omnibus clemens ac 
misericors: more c., majoris misericor- 
diae: v. compassion. (I'he forms in 
-ior and -issimus occur, but are inele- 
gant.) 
compassionate (v.): miséret, mis- 
eresco, etc.: V. TO PITY. 
compassionately : 1, miséricor- 
diter: Quadrig.: Lact.: comp. miseri- 
cordius: August. 2. Better expr. 
by adj. or subs.: as, to act c. (towards 
any one), misericordia uti, misericordem 
se praebere, esse, etc.: v. supr. (adj.). 
3. clémenter: v. MILDLY, MERCI- 
FULLY. 
compatibility: 1, congrientia: c. 
of character, c. morum, Suet.: Plin. Ep. 
2. convénientia (i.e. accord, con- 
Jormity): v. AGREEMENT. Phr.: there 
is no c. of character between them, *mi- 
nime eorum mores inter se congruunt, 
concinunt: v. TO AGREE. 
compatible; congriius, convéniens, 
etc.: V. AGREEING. But the word should 
very rarely be rendered literally: e. g. 
the offices of advocate and of judge are 
deemed not c., *parumm convenire vide- 
tur patroni et judicis ratio s. persona: 
V. INCOMPATIBLE: tf we have found a 
person c. in character and natural dis- 
position, si aliquem nacti simus cujus 
cum moribus et natura congruamus, 
Cic. 
compatibly: congriienter, convén- 
ienter, Cic.: Vv. AGREEABLY. Phr.: 
this cannot be done c. with the public 
safety, hoc salva republica fieri nequit. 
compatriot: civis, popilaris: v. 
FELLOW-COUNTRYMAN. 
compeer: 1, par, paris: prop. 
an adj., but used as subs,: Liv. Dy 
compar, aris (rare in this sense): Pl. 
3. aequalis, is (one of the same 
age): Hor.: v. EQUAL, COMPANION. 
compel: 1, cogo, cdegi, cdactum. 
3 (with inf. or ut and subj ): he could 
not be c.’d to fight, cogi pugnare non pot- 
erat, Liv.: I began to c. him by force 
to return, vi cepi c. ut rediret, Ter.: the 
infin. is sometimes omitted: to what do 
you not c. mortal breasts, accursed greed 
of gold, quid non mortalia pectora cogis, 








COMPETENCE 





auri sacra fames? Virg. 2. com. 
pello, puli, pulsum, 3 (generally with 
ad or in: rarely with ut or inf): toa 
any one to surrender by hunger, ad de- 
ditionem fame c., Suet.: I am c.'d by 
injuries to this state of feeling, in hunc 
sensum compellor injuriis, Cic.: to ¢. 
any one to submit to abominable com- 
mands, c. aliquem jussa nefanda pat? 
Ov.: Ic.'d and constrained the cunning 
old man to entrust everything to me, 
callidum senem compuli et perpuli ut 
mihi omnia crederet, Pl. 3, sibigo, 
égi, actum, 3 (constr. similar to 2): he 
could not be c.’d to declare his accom- 
plices, ut ederet socios subigi non potuit, 
‘Tac.: he c.’d the Volsci to surrender, ad 
deditionem Volscos subegit, Liv.: he 
had c.'d the people of Tarquinii by fear 
to furnish the army with corn, Tarqui- 
hienses metu subi gerat frumentum ex- 
ercitui praebere, Liv. 4, adigo, égi, 
actum, 3 (usu. toc. to take an oath; with 
jusjurandum or sacramentum in acc. or 
abl.) : all being ¢.’d to take the oath, om- 
nibus jusjurandum adactis, Caes.; also, 
jurejurando adactis, Liv.: sometimes 
with in verba (=jusjurandum): the pro- 
vince being c.’d to tale the oath of alle- 
giance to Vitellius, provincia in verba 
Vitellii adacta, Tac. 
compeller (rare): cdacter (“adjutor 
et ut ita dicam, cvactor,” Sen. Ep. §2, 3): 
but coactor in Hor. is a collector: q. v. 
compendium: épitomé, summa: 
rium: Vv. ABRIDGEMENT. N.B. Not com- 
pendium: which denotes @ saving. 
compendious ; brevis idemque ple- 
nus: V. BRIEF, CONCISE. 
_compendiously : bréviter, summa- 
tim: v. BRIEFLY. 
compensate: |. Trans.: 1,com- 
penso, I (foll. by acc. and abl. either alone 
or with cum): our greatest labours c.d by 
great glory, summi labores nostri magna 
compensati gloria, Cic.: all these things 
are c.d by the advantages of honour, 
haec omnia honoris commedis com- 
pensantur, Cic.: v. infr. (I1.). a 
penso, 1: to c. for a premature death 
by the eternal remembrance of his name, 
praematuram mortem immortali nominis 
sui memoria p., Vell.: Plin. 3. ré- 
penso, 1: Sen.: Vell. 4, répendo, 
di, sum, 3: toc. for defects of figure by 
talent, r. damna formae ingenio, Ov. : 
Virg. (joined with compensare in Gell. 
but not found in classical prose). Do: 
rémiinéro, remuneror, I: V. TO REQUITE, 
REPAY. ff, Intrans.: compenso, 
(in pass.) : nevertheless the joy I felt c.d 
for (lit. weighed equally with) all these 
things, compensabatur tamen cum his 
omnibus animi laetitia quam capiebam, 
Cic. See also TO COUNTERBALANCE. 
compensation ; compensatio (strict- 
ly subjective; and denoting the estimate 
Jormed not the c. itself: hence to be 
used with care): wise men mitigate the 
evils of life by looking at the c. of its 
advantages, sapientes vitae incommoda 
commodorum compensatione  leniunt, 
Cic. Mostly betier expr. by verb: 
as, c. is a universal law, *omnia omni- 
bus or semper bona malis, compensan- 
tur: v. TO COMPENSATE. 
compete : 1. certo, 1: v. 16 
STRIVE, VIE WITH: to ¢. for a goat (of 
early tragedy), ob hircum ¢., Hor.: toc. 
in archery, celeri c. sagitta, Virg. ay 
contendo, di, tum, 3: toc. in the rapid 
Joot-race, rapido c. cursu, Virg.: to c. 
utth any one in wealth and exzpendi- 
ture, divitiis et sumptibus cum aliquo c., 
Sall.; also contra aliquem c.,Caes.: Cic. 
3. péto, ivi, and ii, itum, 3 (i. e. to 
c. for a prize, honour, etc.): v. COMPE¢ 
TITOR. 4, compéte, 3 (to c. for: 
rare): Just.: Aur. Vict. ; 
contpetence} |. Sufficiency of 
competency § the means of life: 
Phr.: the man is not who has @ 
¢., pauper non est cui rerum suppetit 
usus, Hor.: to be content with a simple 
c., tantuli egere quantulo opus est, Hor.: 
to accumulate more than would bea cc, 


| plura cogere quam satis est, Hor.: to 


have a c., quod non desit habere, Hor.: 





COMPETENT 





to provide ac., parare ea quae supped- | v. 10 Lament. To c. of often = to sind 
Cic. | fault with, charge, accuse (q. V.). Il. 


itent et ad cultum et ad victum, 


Off. 1, 4, 12. |, Legal capacity ; 
jus: v. RIGHT. 
competent: 1, cipax: c. torule, 


he never become ruler, c. imperii 
nisi imperasset, l’ac.: Cic.: Vv. CAPABLE. 
2. iddneus: Vv, SUITABLE, ADE- 
QUATE. 3, suffectirus (fut. part. of 
sufficio); who would decline supreme 
power though c. jor it, qui imperium 
abnuerent suffecturi, ‘I'ac. A.1, 13. 4, 
(Of witnesses, authorities, etc.): \ocuples, 
€tis: a c. authority, witness, |. auctor, 
testis, Cic. (who however uses the word 
in non-legal sense = idoneus). Esp. in 
phr. to be competent: 1, compéto, 
ivi and fi, itum, 3: they were hardly c. 
to seize their arms and fit them on for 
battle, vix ad arma capieuda aptanda- 
que pugnae competeret animus, Liv. 22, 
5: v. COMMAND (to have), L. jin. a 
sufficio, {éci, tectum, 3: Vv. TO SUFFICE: 
used with ref. to persons esp. in Vell. 
and later writers: as, to be c. to support 
the weight of empire, sustinendo imperio 
8., Vell; also absol., Tac. A. 1, 13 (Vv. 
supr.). Phr.: c. to give evidence, tes- 
tabilis: Gell.: not so, or to make a will, 
intestabilis: Hor.: ‘lac.: / think it is 
c. for me, or, I have a right to say, id 
mihi jure dicturus videor, Cic. 
competently ; satis, idoneé (rare): 
V. SUFFICIENTLY, ADEQUATELY. 
competition: 1, certamen, inis, 
n.: aC. of musicians, citharoedorum c., 
Quint. ; c. musicum, Suet: to enter into 
¢., certamen inire, Liv.: Virg.: v. CoN- 
TEST. 2, ceriatio: Cic.: v. STRIFE, 
CONTEST. 3. contentio: a c. for 
honour, honoris c., Cic. 4, aemilatio: 
V. RIVALRY. 
competitor : 1, compétitor: a 
certain c., i. e. one sure to be ac., certus 
c, Cie. Att. 1, 1: Liv. Kem. compéti- 
trix, icis: Cie. 2, pétitor: v. CAN- 
pipaTe. Phr.: tobe ac. for the con- 
sulate, praetorship, etc., consulatum, 
praeturam petere, Cic. (competere is 
found in Just., but in this sense appy. 
not in Cic.) 
compilation: |. Zhe business of 
compiling: Phr.: he was a master in 
the art of c., *egregius erat in libris ex 
aliorum scriptis condendis. [J], A boo/e 
composed of other boolcs: perh. *liber ex 
aliorum scriptis excerptus atque com- 
paratus; or ex alienis opibus instructus: 
not compilatio, which means pilfering, 
IE as 
compile; Phr.: to write an original 
work is one thing, to c. a book another 
and very different thing, *aliud est 
scripta propria pangere, longe aliud 
librum ex aliorum scriptis componere. 
compiler: qui libros ex aliorum 
scriptis condit, pangit, componit. 
complacency ; usu. expr. by pliceo, 
ui, 2 (with dat. of the person who 
feels it): the gods who regard with c. 
the seven hills, di quibus septem placuere 
colles, Hor.: Cic.; to regard oneself 
with c., sibi pl., Cic. Sometimes — de- 
light : as, “ O thou my sole c.!” (Milt.), 
*O tu mea sola voluptas ! 
complacent: i. e. PLEASING, q. v. 
also SELF-COMPLACENT. 
complacently: i. e. with compla- 
cency (q. v.): expr. by placeo. 
complain: |. Trans: 1, 
quéror, questus, 3 (the subject of com- 
plaint expressed by acc.; by abl. with 
de; by ace. and inf.; or by clause with 
quod ; the person c.d to in dat. or with 
cum and apud): to c. of a wrong, in- 
juriam q., Cic. : to c. of any one’s wrong, 
d= injuriis alicujus q., Cic.: toc. to the 
senate, cum patribus conscriptis q., Liv. : 
toc. to a step-mother, apud novercam q., 
Pl: they c. that they have been aban- 
doned, queruntur se relictos esse, Cic.: 
he c.s that he has been deserted, quod sit 
destitutus queritur, Caes. 2. con- 
quéror, 3 (stronger than simple verb: 
same constr.): Pl.. Cic. 3, ploro, 1: 
they c.d that the hoped-for good-will did 
mot attend their deserts, ploravere suis 


COMPLETE 


COMPLICATION 





Intrans.: i. e. to utler sounds of com- 
plaint: gémo, ingémo, ingémisco; lam- 
entor, fléo, etc. : v. TU LAMENT. 
complainant: Vv. PLAINTIFF, 
complaining (a4).): 1, quéri- 
bundus (i. e. full of complaints): Cic. 
2.. quérilus: Hor.: Plin.: v. QuE- 
RULOUS. 
complaint: |. A remonstramnce : 
1, quéréla: a@ just c., q. justa, Ov. : 
Cic.: in pl. often of weak or unreason- 
able cs; @ letter full of c.s, epistola 
plena querelarum, Cic. 2. quérims- 
nia (=querela: v. Habicht, 6 784; but 
| prob. never used in the lighter sense of 
querelae as above): Cic.: Nep. 3. 
questus, us (= preceding): vain, i. e. 
useless c., vanus ¢c., Phaedr.: to pour 
Jorth lavish c.s, in questus effundi, Tac. : 
he fills the sky with c.s, coelum ques- 
tibus implet, Virg. See also, LAMENTA- 
TION. Il. Charge, accusation : 1 
quéréla: to lodge a c. with any one, q. 
apud aliquem deferre, Cic. 2, ndmen 
in phr. nomen deferre; prop. to report 
the name (of a person): Cic.: Tac. 5 
crimen, cruminatio: Vv. ACCUSATION. I]. 
Disease: q. v. 
the lungs and bowels, pulmonis ac vis- 
cerum querelas levare, i. e. ¢.s arising 
Jrom disease of them, Sen. 
complaisance: i.e. (excessive) de- 
sive to please: 1, obséquium : com- 
plaisance makes friends, truth enemies, 
obs. amicos, veritas odium parit, Ter. : 
also in good sense: Cic.: too much given 
to c.,in obsequium plus aequo pronus, 
Hor. : Vv. COMPLIANCE, OBSEQUIOUSNESS. 
2, obséquentia = obsequium (rare) : 
Caes. 3, accommddatio: i. e. OBLIG- 
INGNESS, COURTESY: q. V. 
complaisant: i.e. desirous to please: 
], in Obséyuium pronus: Hor. Q, 
obséquidsus: Pl. 3, commédus: i.e. 
obliging: q. Vv. 4. officidsus (i. e. 
ready to do anything in order to gain 
Javour): the extremely c. race of candi- 
dates, officiosissima natio candidatorum, 
Cic.: also in good sense: Vv, OBLIGING. 
complaisantly : comiter, comméde. 
V. POLITELY, OBLIGINGLY. 
complement: |, That which jills 
up; something added in order to com- 
plete: 1, complémentum: Cic.: Tac. 
2, supplementum : v. SUPPLEMENT. 
Il. Of troops, crews, etc.: suus nu- 
merus: he surely vould not have done 
this Uf the ships had had their c., id 
certe non fecisset si suum n. naves ha- 
berent, Cic. Phr.: to give the legions 
their full c. of mer, complere legioues, 
Caes.: legions with only half their « of 
men, semiplenae legiones, Vell. 
complete (adj.) : |. £ntire, want- 
ing none of its parts: 1, plenus: a 
c. and entire year, p. annus atque in- 
teger, Cic.: a c. and Jinished orator, 
orator p. atque perfectus, Cic. 2 
intéger (i. e. untouched, unbroken: v. 
supr.): Cic.: Hor.: v. ENTIRE. 3 
explétus: what is perfect and ec. in all 
its members and parts, quod perfectum 
ex.que est omnibus suis numeris et 
partibus, Cic. (complétus is also found 
as adj. in Cic.; but is rare). 4, per- 
fectus: V. PERFECT. 7 cimilatus 
(stronger than perfectus, with which it 
is sometimes joined): perfect and (abso- 
lutely) c. virtue, perfecta c.que virtus, 
Cie. 6. justus (i. €. possessing every 








element rightly belonging): esp. in phr. | 


ac. army, j. exercitus, Liv. (with ref. 
to the regular consular armies): v. RE- 
GULAR. Phr.: ¢c. in himself (of the 
philosopher), in se ipso totus (teres 
atque rotundus), Hor. S. 2, 7, 86. your 
most agreeable letter made my joy c., 
jucundissimae tusae literae cumulum 
mihi gaudii attulerunt, Cic. il. 
Finished, completed: absdlitus, per- 
fectus: Vv. TO COMPLETE, FINISH, 
complete (v.): |. To fill up, make 
up completely: 1, compléo, évi, étum, 
2: Gorgias cd a hundred and seven 
years, Gorgias centum et septem com- 


Bon respondere favorem meritis, Hor.: | plevit annos, Cic.: these things c. a most 


Phr.: to relieve c.s of 








happy life, c. ea beatissimam vitam 
Cic. expleo, 2: to c. a number, 
numerum ex., Caes.: absolutely to c. 
the happy life, ex. cumulate vitam be- 
atam, Cic. 3, suppleo: v. TO FILL 
UP, SUPPLY. Phr.: the (author) who 


| c.s his hundred years, centum qui per- 


ficit annos, Hor. Il. Yo accomplish, 
bring to completion; absolvo, perficio, 
exigo, pérago, exs&quor, cousummo, ete. - 
Vv TO FINISH. 
completely ; omnino, plané, prorsus: 
Vv. ALTOGETHER. May sometimes be 
expr. by the superl. of an adj.; as, c, 
miserable, miserrimus. Phr. : c. happy, 
ab omni parte beatus, Hor. (N.B. Not 
perfecte unless the meaning is to per- 
Section, perfectly : q. Vv.) 
completeness: 1, absdlitio (prop. 
the act of completing) : may be strengtb- 
ened by the addition of periectio: as, 
requiring this c. and pevjection in an 
orator, hance abs. perfectionemque in 
oratore desiderans, Cic.: v. PERFECTION 
2. integritas: i. e. entireness: q. v. 
completion: |. Vx act of making 
complete: expr. by part of verb: vy. 
TO COMPLETE. Il. Vhat which makes 
complete: cimiilus: eloyuence brings 
c. to the arts of the philosophers, elo- 
quentia c, artibus philusophorum affert, 
Cic.: the c. of treachery, pertfidiae c., 
Ov.: v. COMPLETE (IL. fin.). Il]. The 
act of finishing: absdlitio, perfectio, 
confectio: Cic.: Vv. ACCOMPLISHMENT. 
complex: 1, multiplex, {cis (the 
antithesis of simplex): a c. and subtile 
art (viz. mathematics), m. subtilisque 
ars, Cic.: also in lit. sense: the c. and 
tortuous bowels, alvus m. et tortuosa, Cic, 
2. complicatus, implicitus: v. com- 
PLICATED, INTRICATE. 3, *complexus: 
only as tech. t. in logic: M. L. 
complexion: color, éris, m: a 
snowy c., niveus c., Hor.: an agreeable 
c., suavis c., Cic. : the c. ts to be preserved 
by bodily exercise, c. exercitationibus 
corporis tuendus est, Cic. Fig.: the c. 
of a work of genius, operis c., Hor.: the 
c. of a life, vitae c., Hor. Phr.: thec. 
of affairs, rerum facies, Tac. See also 
TEMPERAMENT, ASPECT. 
complexity: mostly expr. by means 
of adj.: on account of the c. of the sub 
ject, *propter mulliplicem rei naturam ; 
propter rei rationes subtiles atque im- 
plicatas: v. COMPLEX, ’ 
compliance: 1, obtempératio : 
if justice is ¢. with written laws, si jus- 
titia est ob. scriptis legibus, Cie. 2. 
obséquium : to promise every kind of c. to 
any one, omnia obs, alicui pollioceri, Cic. : 
V. COMPLAISANCE. Phr.: to act inc. 
with an agreement, eX pacto et convento 
aliquid facere, Cic. 
compliant: 1, obséquens, ntis: 
c. to one's futher, patri ob., Ter. : a more 
c. mind, animus obsequentior, Sen.: vy. 
COMPLAISANT. 9, facilis, e: ac. and 
liberal father, f. et liberalis pater, Cic. - 
esp. of readiness to listen to entreaties: 
Cic.: Ov. 8, officidsus: v. Ccom- 
PLAISANT. 
compliantly: obséquenter: Liv.: 
lin. : V. COMPLAISANTLY. 
complicate: i.e. (o make intricate, 
dificult: *rem impeditiorem reddere ; 
alicujus rei rationes inpeditiores s. im- 
plicatiores reddere; v. COMPLICATED. 
complicated: 1, involutus: fo 
explain c. subjects by definition, res iny. 
detiniendo explicare, Cic. 2. implic- 
atus: a c. question, imp. quaeastio, 
Gell.: Cic. 3, complicaétus: Cic. 4, 
impéditus: a long and c. speech, longa 
et imp. oratio, Quint.; Cic. §, no- 
dosus: i. e. knotty, intri:ate: q. v. 
complication: |, Lit.: implic- 
atio: ac.of sinews reaching over the 
whole body. nervorum imp. toto corpore 
pertinens, Cic. ll. Fig.. of affairs: 
1, implicatio: c, i. e. embarrass- 
ment of pecuniary affairs, imp. rei 
familiaris, Cic. 2. implicamentum 
(rare): Aug. Phr.. owing to these 
political c.s, *propter hanc tam per- 
turbatam reipublicue rationem ; hoc tam 
perturbato atque implicato reip. statu. 
139 


COMPLICITY 


ne ee a ee et 
ity: conscientia to give rise | texo, ui, textum, 3 (prop. to weave to- 


compli 
‘0a suspicion of c., praebere suspicionem 
tonscientiae, Tac. . to confess c. in a con- 
spiracy, ¢. conjurationis confiteri, Tac. 
Or expr. by particeps, eonscius, ete.: 
as, he was accused of c. in the crime, 
*accusatus est quod facinoris particeps 
fuisset: v. ACCOMPLICE. 
compliment (subs.): 1, officium: 
the c. of listening (to an author reading 
bis own works), off. audiendi, Plin. Ep.: 
to do a person the c. of being present at 
his assumption of the toga virilis, officio 
togae virilis adesse, Plin.: Juv. 2}. 
verba honorifica (of course only of a 
verbal c., whereas officium refers to 
acts): Cic.: also, verba ampla, amplis- 
sima~- V. COMPLIMENTARY. Sometimes 
= PRAISE: g.v, Phr.: mere c.s, *in- 
anes verborum honores ; laudes fictae, 
fucatae: to pay one’s c.s to any one, 
salitare: v. TO GREET. 
compliment (v.): 1. laudo, 1: 
the gurors are c.’d (on their conduct), 
judices laudantur, Cic.: v. TO PRAISE. 
2, ornaté léquor (foll. by abl. with 
de): he c.’d me very highly on my con- 
sulate, ornatissime de meo consulatu 
locutus est, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4: simly, 
honorificé de aliquo praedicare, Cic.; 
honorificentissime aliquem appellare (of 
c, address fo a person), Cic.. v COMPLI- 
MENTARY, 
complimentary: 1, hénorificus, 
comp -centior; swp. -centissimus: c. 
mention, h. mentio, Cic. 2. amplus: 
to render thanks vn most c. language, 
amplissimis verbis gratias agere, Liv.; 
V. TO COMPLIMENT. 
comply (with) : 1, concédo, cessi, 
cessum, 3 (With dat.): the senate c.'d 
with your demand, concessit senatus 
postulationi tuae, Cic. 2, cedo, cessi, 
cessum, 3° V. TO YIELD. 3. pareo, 
parui, 2 (with dat.): v. TO OBEY, SUBMIT 
TO, 4, obstquor, sécutus, 3 (with 
dat.): to c. with any one's wishes, 
voluntati obs., Cic. 5, obsécundo, 1 
(with dat.): Ter.: Cic.: v. To HUMOUR. 
6, morigéror, 1 (with dat.):= 
morem alicui gero- v, TO HUMOUR. 
7, accommoédo, 1 (with ad and 
acc, or dat.; and usually acc. of 
pron. reflect.): Vv. TC ACCOMMODATE. 
8, obtempéro, 1 (with dat.): to 
c. with the authority of the senate, 
auctoritati senatus ob, Caes.. toc. with 
any one’s (evil) desire, alicujus cupi- 
ditati ob., Cic. Quint. 2, 7. (See also 
TO OBEY, 3.) 
complying (adj.): v. comprranrT. 
component (adj.): chiefly in phr., 
c. parts, élémenta v. ELEMENTS. Or 
expr. by verb the c. parts of this sub- 
stance are, etc., constat haec res ex, 
etc.; cf. Hor. S. 2, 4, 64 or with partes 
alone tt ts not sufficient for the whole 
poem to be beautiful, the c. parts must 
be so too, *non satis est pulchrum esse 
poéma totum; partes etiam pulchrae 
sunto. 
component (swbst.): pars, elementa: 
V. PART, ELEMENT. 
comport: |. To agree (q. v.): 
congruo, convénio, ete. I. Zo behave 
(q. Vv.) me, te, se géro, etc. 
compose : |. To put together, 
combine: chiefly if not solely in pass., 
te be composed (i.e. formed) of : a | 
compono, posili, pdsitum, 3. mankind 
c.d of soul and body, genus hominum 
compositum ex anima et corpore, Sall.- 
Col. v. TO comPouND. 2, contineo, 
ui, tentum, 2 (only in pass.): the verse 
ts c.d of a few feet, versus paucis pedi- 
bus continetur, Quint. 3, conflo, 1 
(in pass.): the elements of which the 
virtue we are in quest of is c.d and 
made up, quibus ex rebus conflatur et 
efficitur id quod quaerimus honestum, 
Cic. 4. efficio, 3- v. supr. (3); and 
TO MAKE UP. 5, consisto, consto 
te to consist: q. Vv. |]. Of literary 
composition 1, compono, 3. toc.a 
book, litrum c¢., Cic.. to c. verses, versus 
ce. Hor.. Plin, Ep. 2, condo, didi, 
ditum, 3 (less frequent) toc. a poem, 
poéma c., Cic.. Virg . Ov. 3, con- 
140 


COMPOUND 


COMPREHENSIVE 





gether): to c. a speech, orationem c., 
Quint.: to c. a book, librum c., Sen. 
(simly, Nep. has subtexere carmina), 
4, dédiico, xi, ductum, 3 (i.e. to 
spin: hence only of verse): toc. a thou- 
sand verses mn a day, mille die versus 
d., Hor.: Quint. 5, pango, pépigi, 
pactum, 3 (prop. to fasten, frame: rare 
in this sense except in imperf. tenses: 
but Enn. ap. Cic. has panxit): toc. any- 
thing Sophoclean, aliquid Sophocleum 
p., Cic.: to c. poems, poémata p., Hor. : 
Lucr. 6, séro, tii, sertum, 3 (rare): 
to c. speeches, orationes s., Liv.: to c. a 
play, fabulam s., Liv. 7. facio, 3 (of 
poems: cf. Old-Eng. “to make”): to c. 
@ poem, poema f., Cic.. to c. verselets, 
versiculos f., Virg. Wil Vo adjust, 
calm, appease : 1, compono, 3: toc. 
affairs disturbed by mutiny, turbatas 
seditione res c., Liv.: v. TO ARRANGE, 
SETTLE. 2, sedo, £: V. TO ASSUAGE, 
APPEASE, 
composed (part. and adj.) : i. 
‘lade up of: 1, compésitus, con- 
flatus: v. TO compose (I.). 2. con- 
crétus: @ nature c. of several natures, 
natura c, ex pluribus naturis, Cic. 3. 
compactus, cOagmentatus. v. TO COM- 
PAOT. I]. Calm: 1, sédatus: to 
write with more c. mind, sedatiore 
animo scribere, Cic.: v. CALM. Oe 
quiétus: the c., easy talk of an old man, 
senis sermo q. et remissus, Cic.: v. 
QUIET. 3, compdsitus: gentle and c. af- 
Sections, mites affectus atque c., Quint. : 
c, delivery, actio c., Quint.: Tac. 
composedly : sédaté, quiété, ete.: v. 
CALMLY. B. Not composite: which, 
at least in the best authors, signifies, in 
set, well-arranged language. 
composedness:; V. COMPOSURE. 
composer: |. Of prose writings or 
poetry: scriptor; v., AUTHOR. ll. Of 
music; *musicorum modorum scriptor. 
composition: |. The act of com- 
pounding : compdositio: the c. of oint- 
ments, unguentorum c., Cic. (also used 
of the thing compounded: Cels.): or 
expr. by verb: v. TO COMPOUND. Ih. 
In literature: 1, scriptio this style 
| of c. has not been, as yet, sufficiently 
illustrated in Latin literature, genus 
hoe scriptionis nondum est satis Latinis 
titeris illustratum, Cic. 2. scriptira 
| (aiso used of that which is written) : 
| assiduous and careful c, assidua ac 
diligens s., Cic.: this style of c. should 
be not only free, but spirited and high- 
toned, genus hoc scripturae non modo 
liberum sed incitatum atque elatum 
esse debet, Cic. 8. conlectio- the 
c. of a book, libri c., Cic.: the c. of an- 
nals, annalium c., Cic. 4, Expr. by 
ger.: facility of c., pangendi facilitas, 
Tac. (but a Ciceronian writer would add 
the acc. of that cozposed). SJ, The 
book, poem, etc., composed : liber, script- 
um (esp. in pl.), ete. v. WORK, WRITING. 
IV. A sum paid in discharge of a 
larger debt: Phr.: he paid a c. of 50 
per cent., *aes alienum ejus ex semisse 
solutum est; convenit inter eos (sc. de- 
bitorem et creditorem) ut debita ex 
semisse solverentur: simly, with ex 
triente (one-third), ex centesima parte 
(one per cent.), etc. 
compost: Vv. MANURE. 
composure: 1, tranquillitas (an- 
imi): that there may be c. of mind to 
give dignity, ut tr. animi adsit quae 
afferat dignitatem, Cic. 2. animus 
aequus: esp. in abl.: to do or bear any- 
thing with c., aequo, aequissimo a. ali- 
quid facere, Cic.: Hor,: Suet.: in same 
sense Hor. has aequa mens- Od. 2, 3, 1. 
Phr.: to write with c., sedato animo 
scribere, Cic.: c. of delivery, actio sedata 
ac composita: see COMPOSED (IL): to 
lose one's c., perturbari (in rebus asperis), 
de gradu dejici, wt dicitur, Cic. Off. 1, 
23, 80 to maintain one’s c., praesenti 
animo uti, Cic.: v. PRESENCE (of mind). 
compotation: compotatio. Cic. 
compound (v.): |. Trans.: to 
mix: 1, compdno, pdsui, pdsitum. 
3: to c. a medicine, medicamentum c., 














Col. 2. misceo, ui, mixtum and 
mistum, 2: to c. a drink, mulsum m., 
Cic.: to c. ghastly aconite, lurida m. 
aconita, Ov. 3, jungo, nxi, nctum, 
3: to c. words, verba j., Quint. 4. 
cdagmento, 1: to c. garlic with nut- 
kernels, allium nucleis ¢., Plin.: Cic. 
5, confundo, fidi, fusum, 3 (rare) . 
Vv. TO BLEND. |], Intr.: to come to 
an agreement with: paciscor, convénio 
y. composition (IV.)3 and TO AGREE. 
compound (adj.): 1, compdsitus- 
c. words, c. verba, Quint. (in this sense 
Cic. has verba juncta, Part. 15, 53). 
2. concrétus: v, COMPOSED (L.). 
Phr.: c. interest, anatocismus : Cic. 
compound (subs.): compésitio: v. 
composition. Usu. best expr. by adj.: 
as, man is a c. of flesh and spirit, 
*ex corpore et animo homo compositus, 
conflatus est, etc.: V. TO COMPOSE (I.). 
comprehend : |. To contain, 
include (q. v.): 1, contineo- v. To 
COMPRISE. 2, amplector, plexus, 3: 
which we sometimes c. under the name 
of virtue, quod interdum virtutis nomine 
amplectimur, Cic.: I do not wish to 
c. all subjects in my verses, non ego 
cuncta meis a. versibus opto, Virg. 8, 
complector, plexus, 3: Cic.: Quint.; v, 
TO EMBRACE. 4, pono, posui, pdsitum, 
3 (esp. of arranging or classifying): to 
c. riches among good things, divitias in 
bonis p., Cic. — |], Zo understand, grasp 
mentally : 1, téneo, ui, ntum, 2 (to 
have hold of): now I c., now I know 
what this business ts, nune ego t., nunc 
scio quid sit hoc negotii, Pl.- to c. ab- 
struse meanings, reconditos sensus t., 
Cic.: by what means I might c. every- 
thing, quo pacto cuncta tenerem, Hor, 
2. complector, plexus, 3 (with some 
defining word such as mente, cogitattone, 
etc.): toc. in thought the divine mind, 
animum divinum cogitatione c., Cic. 3 
simly, cogitatione et mente c., Cic. 3, 
cipio, cépi, captum, 3 (to take in, re- 
ceive): he alone c.'d the true idea of the 
Roman senate, nus veram speciem Ro- 
mani senatus cepit, Liv,: more usu. in 
connection with some such word as 
mens, cogitatio, etc.: what they ‘their 
minds} could c., quod mentes eorum c. 
possent, Liv. Cic.. to understand or 
c. (a speech), intelligere vel c., Quint. 
4. percipio, 3 (often with animo, 
etc.): toc. and know a, thing, rem p. et 
cognoscere, Cic, also, p. et compre- 
hendere, Cic. §, cerno, crévi, crétum, 
3 (to see clearly, discern): a man of 
acute intellect c.s these things, eas res 
acri vir ingenio c., Cic. 6, compré- 
hendo ov comprendo, di, sum, 3 (lit. to 
grasp: hence usu. with some such word 
as mente, animo, etc.’ to understand 
and in thought c. what the mind free 
Srom the body is, qualis animus sit vacuus 
corpore animo intelligere et cogitatione 
c., Cic.: I cannot c. what you mean, id 
quod tu vis non possum mente c., Cic. 
7, intelligo, 3: Vv. TO UNDERSTAND, 
comprehensible: quod mente com- 
prehendi, téneri, capi potest v. preced. 
art. 
comprehension: _ |. The faculty 
or power of understanding : 1. in- 
tellectus, us: to gain c. of different 
branches of learning, int. disciplinarum 
capere, Quint.: without c. of good, or 
concern about ill, queis neque boni int., 
nec mali cura, Tac. 2, intelligentia 
= intellectus: Cic. 3. compréhensio 
(the act of grasping anything mentally : 


rare) ~- Cic. 4, captus, tis (the capa- 
city: q. v.): esp. in phr. ut captus (ali- 


cujus) est, according to any one’s med- 
sure of c.: Cic.: Ter. Phr.: things too 
complicated for the c. of a child, *diffi- 
ciliura quam quae puer mente capere 
possit - v. TO COMPREHEND. I]. Pas- 
sively: in such pbr. as, dificult of c. - 
expr. by verb: ad percipiendum diffi- 
cilia, Quint. i 

comprehensive: may usu. be expr. 
by pateo, 2: your art is indeed great 
and c., etenim ista ars et magna est, et 
late patet, Cic. de Or. 1, §5, 235. Or by 
mano, 1: the term good faith 1s exceed- 


oa 











COMPREHENSIVELY 





CONCEAL 


ingly c., latissime manat bonae fidei no-! without c.ing (i. e. sacrificing) lawful 


men, Cic. Off. 3, 17,70. It may often 
be expr. by magnus: the fact is, it (elo- 
quence) is a more c. thing than people 
think, nimirum majus est hoc quiddam 
quam homines opinantur, Cic. de Or. 1, 
4,15. Phr.: ac. mind, *mens alta ac 
multarum rerum capax: (not capax 
alone: v. CAPACIOUS). . ; 
comprehensively: late (only in 
certain connexions): as, “to interpret 
words c.’ (Tillotson), i. e. in a wide 
sense, *verba 1. (or ut |, patentia) inter- 
pretari: cf. preced. art. Or expr. by 
phr.: as, to define an orator ¢. (1. €, 80 
as to include everything essential to the 
definition), universam et propriam ora- 
toris vim definire complectique, Cic. de 
Or. 3, rs. ‘ 
comprehensiveness: |, Wide 
extent (fig.): expr. by verb: to under- 
stand the c. of a law: intelligere quain 
magna sit lex, quam late pateat, manet 
(v. preced. art.). Il. Wide grasp of 
mind: Phr.: a man of great c. of in- 
tellect, *vir alta quadam indole praeditus, 
qui plurimas res simul animo percipere 
complectique possit. 
compress: |, Lit.: to force to- 
gether by pressure: 1, arto or arcto, 
1: all things are capable of being c.’d, 
omnia artari possunt, Lucr.: Mart. (So 
also the comp. coarto or coarcto, which 
is stronger: v. TO CONTRACT and in/. 
IL.). 2, denso, condenso, 1: Vv. TO 
CONDENSE. 38, comprimo, 3: v. TO 
PRESS TOGETHER. Il. Fig.: to bring 
within a small compass; esp. in words : 
1, cdarto or cdarcto, 1: to c, matters 
and crowd them together in speech with- 
im a very close compass, c. et peran- 
guste refercire in oratione, Cic.: to c¢. 
into a single volume, in unum librum 
c., Plin. Ep. 2. conclido, si, sum, 
3: fortune has c..d so many things into 
one day, fortana tot res in unum con- 
clusit diem, Ter.: to c. the civil law into 
one small and narrow point, jus civile 
in parvum et angustum locum c., Cic. 
8, astringo (ads.), nxi, ctum, 3 (esp. 
of reducing an argument to its closest 
form): to c. an argument or chain of 
reasoning, argumentum, rationem (arte) 
a, Cic. 4, coustringo, 3 (similar to 
astringo: cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 188): 
Quint. §, prémo, pressi, pressum, } 
(rare)- these arguments which are ex- 
panded by us, Zeno used to c. in this 
way, baec quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno 
sic premebat, Cic. 
compressibility: expr. by verb: to 
have c., arctari, coarctari, artius com- 
primi, etc., posse. v. TO COMPRESS. 
: compressible; quod coartari s. ar- 
tius comprimi, etc., potest: v. TO coM- 
PRESS. 
compression: expr. by verb: “to 
pleased with involution of argument 
and c. of thought” (Idler), *argumentis 
implicatis atque artissime astrictis de- 
lectari: v, TO COMPRESS. 
comprise: 1, compréhendo or 
comprendo, di, sum, 3 (esp. of gathering 
up a subject): toc. many things briefly 
in a few words, breviter paucis c. multa, 
Lucr.: Cic. 2. contineo, ui, tentum, 
2 (to involve, contain in itself: q. v.): 
one fact seems to e. the case, una res 
videtur causam c., Cic.: Hor. 3: 
amplector, complector, 3: v. TO CoM- 
PREHEND. 4, subjicio, jéci, jectum, 
3 (in pass. in sense of to be included 
under): under fear are c.d inaction, 
shame, alarm, sub metum subjecta sunt 
pigritia, pndor, terror, Cic. 5, in- 
clado, clisi, clisum, 3 (implying restric- 
tion within limits): I have almost c.d 
@ speech in a letter, paene orationem 
in epistolam inclusi, Cic.: v. TO com- 
PREss (II1.). 
compromise (v.): |. To adjust 
a difference by mutual agreement: v. 
foll. art. I]. Zo involve: implico, 1: 
you will be c.d by your own defence, ipse 
tu tua defensione implicabere, Cic. Verr, 
2, 18, 44: V. TO IMPLICATE. Ill. Zo 
imperil : in periculum ac discrimen vo- 
care, Cic.; v.TO ENDANGER. Phr,: 





claim, honour, etc., salvo jure, salva fide, 
etc.: Cic. 

compromise (svbs.): compromis- 
sum (an engagement by which parties 
bound themselves to submit to arbitra- 
tion: v. Dict. Ant. p. 648, a): to enter 
or offer to enter into a c., c. facere, Cic. 
Rose. Com. 4 (from which place it ap- 
pears that the phr. as used with ref. to 
a claimant was nearly equiv. to the 
Eng. ‘‘to offer to accept a c.'’): the same 
act is expr. also by the verb compro- 
mitto, 3: v.TO ENGAGE. Phr.: to come 
toac. or understanding on any matter, 
rem cum aliquo transigere, Cic.: v. TO 
SETTLE: when a law case was settled or 
compromised on the way to the praetor’s 
court, \t is said to have been called 
transaetio in via: v. Dict. Ant. p. Ir (@). 

compulsion: _ 1. vis: v. FORCE, 
VIOLENCE. 2. cSactu (only in adl.): 
by the c. and importunity employed by 
myself, c. atque efflagitatu meo, Cic.: 
Caes. 8, nécessitas: J acted under 
force and c., vi et n. coactus feci, Cic.: 
also less freq. nécessitido: that is c. 
which cannot, by any force, be resisted, 
necessitudo est cui nulla vi obsisti pot- 
est, Cic. Phr.: to use c. to a man, 
cogere: V. TO COMPEL: as opp. to wull- 
ingly, spontaneously, ‘by compulsion” 


may be expr. by invitus: v. UNWILL- 
INGLY. 
compulsory: Phr.: to usec. mea- | 


sures, vi et coactu agere; vim adhibere; 
vi coercere aliquem, or simply cogere . 
V. FORCE, COMPULSION: ¢. contributions, 
*tributa per leges irrogata; tributa ex 
legibus conferenda: v. LEGAL. 

compunction : poenitentia: v. RE- 
PENTANCE, REGRET. More precisely, 
*acerbus animi dolor propter peccatum 
in se admissum ; acerbissimus animi 
sensus qui ex delicti conscientia oritur. 
To feel c., *poenitet, 2 (tmpers.): v. TO 
REPENT, BE SORRY; acribus, acerbis, 
conscientiae stimulis vexari: cf. Lucr. 
3, 1032: V. CONSCIENCE. 

computable: cujus ratio subduci 
potest: Vv. TO CALCULATE. 

computation: subductio, ratio: v. 
CALCULATION. 

compute: compiito, t: toc. a reck- 
ming on the fingers, c. rationem disitis, 
Pl.: to c. the breadth of Asia, latitudi 
nem Asiae c., Plin.: v. TO CALCULATE. 


comrade; sédalis, sdcius, contiber- 


nalis, ete. : Vv. COMPANION. 


concatenate: *in catenae modum 
or iuter se connectere: v. TO CONNECT. 


(The verb conciténo, to link together, | 


is found in Lact. in lit. sense: v. foll. 
art.) 

concatenation: 1. séries, Gi: a 
succession and c. of causes, continuatio 
s.que causarum, Cic. 2. caténa- 
Sate is a sort of everlasting succession 
and c. of events, fatum est sempiterna 
quaedam series rerum et c., Gell. after 
Cic. (Concaténatio is found in Tert. 
and Aug.) v. CHAIN. 

concave: 1, civus (usu, in less 
precise sense: V. HOLLOW) : Lucr. 6, 1084. 

2, concavus: @ c. neck, c. jugula, 

Cic. : ¢. cymbals, c. cymbala, Lucr.: Ov.: 
c. leaves, c. folia, Plin. 

concavity : convexum, more usu. 
pl.: chiefly poet., and concrete: to gaze 
at the c. of heaven, coeli convexa tueri, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 451: simly, Cic. has con- 
vexus coeli orbis: v. Forb. a. 1. In ab- 
stract sense =concave shape, *forma s. 
species concava: Vv. CONCAVE. 

conceal: 1. célo, 1 (in most 
senses of the Eng.): toc. tts source (of 
a river), fontium c. origines, Hor.: toc. 
one’s opinion, sententiam c., Cic.: ¢.’d 
love, amor celatus, Ter.: the person 
Srom whom a thing is concealed in ace. : 
I have not c.’d from you the discourse, 
non te celavi sermonem, Cic,: the thing 
c.’d is sometimes expr. by abl. with de, 
instead of acc. ; and the passive is often 
used: that poisoning business was not 
c..d from the mother, non est de illo ve- 
neno celata mater, Cic. (N.B. ‘The dat. 


of the person from whom is of very | 
i 


CONCEIT 





donbtful authority; at least after the 
act. voice.) 2, abdo, condo, récondo, 
3: V. TO HIDE, SECRETE. 8, tégo, xi, 
ctum, 3 (to cover: q. v.): lo c. anything 
by a he, aliquid mendacio t., Cic.: to e. 
any one’s offences, commissa t., Hor.: to 
c. the greatest prudence under the pre- 
tence of folly, summam prudentiam 
simulatione stultitiae t., Cic. (Simly 
are used the comp. verbs obtégo, con- 
tégo, with somewhat intens. force : Cic.) 

4, occiilo, cilii, cultum, 3 (—tego, 
obtego): to c. wounds, vulnera oc., Clic. : 
to c. the points of arguments, puncta 
argumentorum oc., Cic.: Quint. 5. 
occulto, 1 (prop. a frequent. of occulo, to 
which it is nearly equiv.): Caes.: Cie 

6. obsciiro, 1 (to throwa cloud or 
veil over): nor cam night by its dark 
mess c. the nefarious meetings, ueque 
nox tenebris obs. coetus nefarios potest 
Cic. 7, In Pass.: to bec.’d: lateo, ui, 
2: more fully, L in occulto, Pl.; abdite 
L, Cic.: (both lit. and fig.). 8, délit- 
esco, litui, 3 (incept. of preceding): the 
enemy c. themselves in the woods, bostes 
in silvis d., Caes.: Cic, 


concealed: ], célatus, tectus, 
etc.: v. TO CONCEAL, 2, occultus: 
V. SECRET. 8, furtivus: v. FURTIVE, 
SECRET. 


concealer: occultator, Cic.: or, qui 
| oceultat, etc.: Vv. TO CONCEAL. 
concealment: |. Vhe act of com- 
cealing : 1, occultatio: some protect 
| themselves by flight, others by c., aliae 
fuga se, aliae oc. tutantur, Cic.: of 
which thing there is no c., cujus rei nulla 
est oc.,Caes. 2, dissimilatio (i. e. keep- 
ing back the truth): v. DISSIMULATION: 
to practise c., d. uti = dissimulare, Cic. 
Or expr. by verb: as, there was no pos- 
sibility of c., *nulla erat copia latitandi, 
etc.: Vv. TO CONCEAL. Il. Place of c.: 
latebra, often in pl.: to go intoa place 
of c., Tlatebram petere, Ov.: to remain 
in c., latebras agere, Just.: dark places 
of c., caecae l., Virg.: Lucr. Hence adj. 
latebrosus, full of such places: as, 1. 
via, Cic.; 1. locus, Liv. To be ina place 
of c., latére, délitesc®re: v. TO CON- 
CEAL (fin.) 
concede: |. Zo yield up: 1. 
cédo, cessi, cessum, 3: Jc. something to 
Friendship, aliquid cedo amicitiae, Cic.: 
if hec.s that they say most things in a 
rude way, si pleraque dure dicere cedit 
eos, Hor. 9. concédo, 3 (like the 
former, to depart from the ground of 
| strict right): give this and c. it tomy 
modesty, date hoc et c. pudori meo, Cie. 
3, permitto, misi, missum, 3 (fo 
allow, suffer : to concede to a person the 
liberty ot acting ina certain way): Jc. 
something to your passionate anger, 
permitto aliquid iracundiae tuae, Cic. 
4, tribuo, ui, itum, 3 (only when 
foll. by a dat. commodi: it implies a 
just claim on the part of that to which 
concession is made): toc. anything out 
of consideration for the commonwealth 
and for friendship, aliquid reip. et ami- 
citiae tribuere, Caes.: J c.as much to 
you as [claim for myself, perhaps, ego 
tantum tibi t. quantum mihi fortasse 
arrogo, Cic.: nowhere is so much c.d to 
age, nusquam tantum tribuitur aetati. 
Cie. |]. To admit an argument: 
concédo, do: v. TO GRANT (IL). 
conceit : |, A curious notion or 
fancy: perh. *putidius aliquid excogi- 
tatum; dictum putidum ac lungius re- 
petitum: v. AFFECTED, FAR-FETCHED. 
|]. Self-conceit: arrdgantia, insd!- 
entia, Inanis stiiperbia (Phaedr. 1, 3): 
Vv. VANITY. Phr.: to be puffed up with 
c., tumescere inani persuasione, Quint. 
I, 2, 18; *majorem quam oportet de se 
persuasionem habere: sibi [plus aequo] 
placere: v. COMPLACENCY: majores 
quam decet spiritus sumere: cf. Hor. S. 
EH PO GTS ll. Liking: only to 
certain phr.: to be very soon out of c. 
with anything, ab aliqua re celerrime 
apa quodam et satietate) alalienari, 
ic.: to put any one out of c. witha 
thing, fastidium (alicujus rei) movere. 
Hor.: Ov. 





14! 


CONCEITED 


CONCERNED, TO BE 


CONCISE 





_ Conceited: inani superbia, persuas- 
lone tumens: v. conceiT (I].). Phr.: 
to be disgustingly c., *putida arrogantia 
intumescere; inflatum esse (sui) opi- 
nionibus: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 26,91: v. VAIN, 
PROUD. 

conceivable: compréhensibilis, e: 
coined hy Cic. as=Gr. xatadnntos, 
Acad. 1, 11, 41. In more popular sense 
expr. by verb: quod cogitari, fingi, 
potest ; quod sub intelligentiam cadit 5 
quod mens, ratio, capit: v. TO CONCEIVE. 

conceive (v.): |. Of offspring: 
concipiv, cépi, ceptum, 3: Perseus, 
whom Danae had c.d in a shower of 
gold, Perseus quem Danaé pluvio con- 


ceperat auro, Ov.: also without object. 


expr.: when a mule has c.d, quum con- 
cepit mula, Cic.: Varr.: to c. by any 
one, c. ex aliquo, Cic.; de aliquo, Ov.: v. 
PREGNANT (tu become), Fig.: they not 
only c, vices themselves, but diffuse them 
over the community, non solum vitia c. 
ipsi, sed ea infundunt in civitatem, Cic, 
Il. To form or harbour in the mind ; 
as, a design; a passion, hope, fear, etc. : 
1, concipio, 3: toc. a hope or fear, 
spem, metum c., Ov. (also, spe aliquid 
c., Liv.): toc. a crime, scelus, flagitium 
c, Cic.: to c. the passion of love, amor- 
em c., Ov. 2. capio, 3: toc. a de- 
sign, consilium c., Caes.: Cic. (foll. by 
gen. of gerund or gerundive ; by inf. ; or 
by ut and subj.): to c. animosity, ini- 
micitias c., Ter.: Cic.; but the converse 
constr. is very common: as, odium me 
capit alicujus, Cic. 8, fingo, finxi, 
fictum, 3 (to frame or design in the 
mind): c. to yourselves the picture of 
my condition, fingite cogitatione ima- 
ginem hujus conditionis meue, Cic.: also 
f. animo, Cic.: what crime can be c.d or 
thought of, which he, etc., quid mali 
fingi aut excogitari potest, quod ille, ete., 
Cic.: to c. an evil deed, maleficium c., 
Cic.; v.TO DEVISE. Phr.. toc. a hope 
that something will happen, in spem 
venire, fore ut, etc., Caes.- to c. a guilty 
design upon a person’s life, consilium 
facinoris contra vitam alicujus inire, 
Cic.; Caes.: Vv. DESIGN: there is no plea- 
sure of which we do not c. a disgust 
From constant repetition, nulla voluptas 
est quae non assiduitate faustidium par- 
iat, Plin. Il. Zo understand, com- 
prehend : 1, compréhendo, 3: v. To 
COMPREHEND. 2, excdgito, 1 (to find 
out by thinking; to devise): life, than 
which nothing more blessed can be c.d, 
vita, qua nihil beatius excogitari potest, 
Cic. 3. intelligo, lexi, ctum, 3: often 
joined with a similar verb: as to ec. 
what soul is, apart from body, qualis 
animus sit vacans corpore int. et cogita- 
tione comprehendere, Cic.. v. TO UNDER- 
STAND, IMAGINE, SUPPOSE. 
concentrate: of troops: copias (in 
unwm locum) cogere, contrahere: v. TO 
BRING TOGETHER: of the mind: animum 
defigere et intendere in aliquid, Cic. 
Acad. 4,15, 46; [tuta mente] in aliquam 
curam et cogitationem incumbere, Cic. ; 
*cogitationes ita intendere ac dirigere ut 
quasi in una re defixae maneant. 
concentration: |. Lit.: as of 
troops: expr. by verb or part.: as, be- 
cause of the greater c. of his forces, *ex 
eo quod copias suas minoribus inter- 
vallis inter se distantes habebat: v. 
preced. art. =|, Fig.: of the mind: 
intentio animi, cogitationum (strictly, 
intense application), Cic. Or expr. by 
verb: c. of mind is absolutely necessary, 
omnino animus in rem est defigendus et 
intendendus: cf. preced. art. 
conception: — |. The act of con- 
ceiving (offspring): conceptio: Cic.; 
conceptus, iis, Cic.: Plin. Il. The act 
of devising or forming in the mind: 
expr. by verb: a@ mind equal to the c. of 
great designs, *animus ad alta consilia 
animo concipienda idoneus: thec. of this 
scheme originated with him, *hoc con- 
silium ab illo excogitatum est, ortum 
est. II]. A mental conception, as 
something existing in the mind: 1. 
imago, inis, f.: tu formac. of anything, 
alicujus rei im. cogitatione fingere, 
142 











Cie.: Quint. 2. informatio (the wea 
of a thing as formed in the mind) : a ec. 
of Jove as bearded, and of Minerva as 
helmed, inf. barbati Jovis et galeatae 
Minervae, Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 100. 3, 
conformatio (= informatio): Cic. 
anticipatio (a c. formed beforehand) : 
ant. quaedain decorum, quam appellat 
mpodnyiv Epicurus, id est, antecepta 
animo rei quaedam informatio: Cic. 
N. D. 1, 16, 43. 5. spécies (= idéa), 
notio: v. IDEA, NOTION. Phr.: there 
can be no c. of body without Space, 
corpus sine loco intelligi non potest, 
Cic.: to have a c. present to the mind, 
aliquid in animo conceptum tenere: v. 
TO CONCEIVE (II1.), 

concern (subs.): |, Affair. business 
(q. v.): négotium, rés. Il. Interest, 
care: 1, ciira: those things ave an 
object of c. to me, ea mihi curae sum, 
Cic.: object of no small c., cura non 
levis, Hor. : he causes me great c., mag- 
nam mihi injicit c., ‘Ter.: v. CARE. 2 
molestia: v. TROUBLE. 8. sollici- 
tudo: vy. ANXIETY. Phr.: it 1 no c. 
of thine, nil te attinet, Hor.; Cic. Ill. 
(mercantile): persons connected in busi- 
ness: sOciétas: Vv. COMPANY. 

concern (v.) : |. To relate or be- 
long to: , attinet, attinuit, 2 (never 
with personal subject): foll. by acc. with 
or without ad: what thing shall I say 
this dream c.s? quam ad rem dicam 
hoc at. somnium? Pl.: as far as c.s me, 
quod ad me at., Cic.: nov did it c. any- 
body to object to this, neque quenquam 
attinebat id recusare, Cic. 2. con- 
lingo, tigi, tactum, 3 (with acc.): this 
deliberation does not c. the Romans at 
all, haec consultatio Romanos nibil c., 
Liv. 3. pertineo, ui, 2 (with ad and 
acc.): the dieam c.s something, som- 
nium ad aliquam rem p., Pl.: that agair 
cs my duty, illa res ad meum officium 
p., Cie. 4, réfert (tmpers.: usu. with 
pron. forms, mea, tua, sua, etc.: v. 
Gr. § 283): that c.s me not, id mea mi- 
nime r., Pl.: whom it c.s not, quorum 
nil r. (foll. by subj. clause), Quint.; but 
the gen. is rare, and chiefly found in 
pronouns: V. DIFFERENCE (to make), 
INTEREST. 5, intérest (tmpers. with 
gen. of person; also with the pron. 
forms as under re/ert): what does it c. 
him where you are, quid illius int. ubi 
sis? Cic.: he expluins how greatly it c.s 
the general safety that the forces of the 
enemy be prevented from uniting, docet 
quantopere communis salutis int. manus 
hostium distineri, Caes.: which my in- 
timate friend thought cd him so much, 
quod meus familiaris tanti sua int. arbi- 
trabatur, Cic. Phr.:as far as cs me 
you may snore, per me vel stertas licet, 
Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 93 (the phr. implying 
indifference: whereas quod ad me at- 
tinet [N.B. not  pertinet], simply 
means, as far as relates to me: v. Cic. 
Q. Fr. 2, 1): it c.s you when your neigh- 
bour’s house is on fire, tua res agitur 
paries cum proximus ardet, Hor.: it is 
not his life that is c.’d, but his fortune, 
non capitis ejus res agitur sed fortunae, 
Ter. ll. 70 take an interest in ; con- 
cern oneself about : 1, curo, 1 (foll. 
by acc., or subj. with ut, ne): others, as 
if man had no body at all, c. themselves 
about nothing but the mind, alii quasi 
corpus nullum sit homini, ita praeter 
animum nibil curant, Cic.: v. CARE, TO 
TAKE. 2. sollicitus sum (with de and 
abl.): that you should c. yourself about 
your fortunes, s. te esse de tuis fortunis, 
Cic.: v. ANXIOUS. Il. In pass. form : 
to be c.'d in; i. e. to have something to 
do with (esp. a crime), affinem, parti- 
cipem esse: v. ACCESSORY. IV, Also 
in pass. form: to be c.’d with ; i. e. have 
dealings with : v. foll art. 

concerned, to be: versor, 1: the 
whole theory of oratory is c wath the 
customs and language of men. dicendi 
omnis ratio in hominum more et ser- 
mone v., Cic: all which pursuits are 
c. mm the investigation of truth, quae 
omnes artes in veri investigatione v., 
Cic. Phr.: farmers are c. with the soil, 








agricolae habent rationem cum terra, 
Cic.: simly, rationis aliquid cum aliquo 
habere, Cic. 

concerning (prep.): _—_ 1, dé (with 
abl.). c. old age, de senectute, Cic. (and 
SO esp. in the titles of books): v. ABOUT. 

2, super (with abl. : less frequent); 
Cic.: Virg. 8. circ& (rare). Quint. 
4, quoad, quéd ad: i.e. WITH RE- 

SPECT TO: V. AS TO. 

concert (v.): i.e. to agree upon 
(measures): consilia conferre, ‘Ter. 
Heaut. 3, 1, 64: confero is found with- 
out subs.: but in both cases the mean- 
ing is strictly to confer respecting plans, 
not actually to arrange them : *una con- 
silia capere; communicato consilio con- 
stituere de aliqua re. Phr.- a cd 
signal, signi:m de quo convenit: v. TO 
AGREE. 

concert (subs.): |. Agreement : 
esp. in phr. by concert: ex pacto, com- 
pacto, composilo, constitiito; ex prae- 


dicto: Vv. COMPACT, AGREEMENT, COL- 
LUSION. Il. A musical entertain- 
ment : 1, concentus, ts (the nearest 


word: concerts in the modern sense of 
the word being unknown to the an- 
cients): birds charm the air with cs, 
volucres concentibus aera mulcent, Ov. : 
Cic. 2. symphonia (prop. a Greek 
word: cuvpdwvia = concentus) : I should 
have wished you not to attend Lyco’s 
c., s. Lyconis vellem vitasses, Cic.: v. 
MUSIC, 
. concession; |. The act of grant- 
ing or yielding: 1, concessio: full. 
by gen. or ut and subj.: Cic.: Varr. 
2, concessus, is (only in abl.): by 
the c. of the gods, concessu deorum, Cic. 
Join-~ concessu et beneficio, concessn 
et munere, Cic. Esp. in phr. to make a 
¢., CEdo, concédo, permitto, do, tribuo : 
cf. Cic. Sull. 16, 46° permitto aliquid ira- 
cundiae tnae, do adolescentiae, cedo ami- 
citiae, tribuo parent, Cic.: for the diffe- 
rence between the syn. Vv. TO CONCEDE. 
Il. The thing yielded: expr. by p. 
part. of verbs given above: as, by this 
¢., hoc concesso: Socrates used the c.s of 
his antagonist as arguments, * Socrates 
ex iis quae ab altero concessa erant ar- 
gumentari s. disputare solebat. 
conciliate: |. 70 win, gain, en- 
gage: as, love, affection, ete.:; 1. 
concilio, 1: to ¢. any one’s favour, c. 
sibi gratiam alicujus, Cic.: to c. the 
minds of men, auimos hominum e., Cic. ; 
sibi benevolentiam populi c., Cic.; fa- 
vorem populi c., Suet. 2. capio, 
cepi, captum, 3: good will is most c.d 
by kindnesses, benevolentia beneficiis 
capitur maxime, Cic. 3, paro, 1: te 
c. friends, amicos p., Cie. ; p. amicitias, 
Sall. 4. proméréo or eor, 2 (to earn, 
merit): to c. love, amorem p., Suet. 
Il. Zo reconcile (q. v.): concilie, in 
gratiam restituo, réduco. 
conciliation: conciliatio: Ci¢, : 
Quint. Or expr. by verb. he extended 
the Carthaginian empure more by c. than 
by arms, magis conciliandis per ami- 
citiam (principum] novis gentibus quam 
bello aut armis rem Carthaginiensium 
auxit, Liv. 21, 2 (med.). 
conciliatory: 1. pacificus: esp. 
of persons: a c. character, persona p. 
(as opp. to bellator), Cic.: v. PEACEFUL. 
2. pacificatorius (= pacificus) : Cic. 
Phr.: toadopt c. measures, *conciliandis 
animis hominum studere, operam dare ; 
Magis gratia€ conciliatione quam vi 
agere; to make ¢. proposals, *eas condi- 
tiones ferre, quae pacis componendae 
sint: V. TO CONCILIATE. 
concise: 1, brévis, e: v. BRIEF. 
2, concisus (i.e. with all redun- 
dancies cut away): c. sentences, c. sen- 
tentiae, Cic.: ¢. brevity, c. brevitas, 
Cic.: joined with angustus, Cic.; with 
brevis, Quint. 3, astrictus (ads.): @ 
contracted and c. kind of eloquence (a 
description applied to logic), contracta 
et a. eloquentia, Cic. 4, densus (close 
in style; having the matter closely 
packed): in Demosthenes everything is 
c., in Demosthene d. sunt omnia, Quint. 
5, pressus: implying a simple and 


— 


ro 





CONCISELY 





unadorned use of language generally: 
Quint. 
concisely : 
Ep. 2, bréviter: v. BRIEFLY. a 
concisé. Quint. (N.B. Not praecise ; 
which refers to a mutilated or elliptical 
way of speaking.) 4, pressé: opp. by 
Quint. to abundanter. Join: pressius 
et astrictius, Plin. Ep.; presse et an- 
guste, Cic. But presse is also used in 
the sense of simply, without rhetorical 
ornament (Vv. CONCISE, 5). 
conciseness : 1, brévitas: v. 
BREVITY, 2. bréviléquentia (rare) : 
ascribed by Gell. to Cic. Phr.:; ‘to 
reach the c. of Demosthenes’’ (Dryden), 
*ad distincte concisam illam Demosthe- 
nis brevitatem pervenire: v. Cic. de 
Or. 3, 53, 202: J lubour after c., brevis 
esse laboro, Hor.: to some subjects co- 
prousness, to others c. is move adapted, 
aliis rebus plenior, *aliis brevior et 
astrictior oratio magis apta est. 
conclave: assembly of ecclesiastics 
held for electing a pope, *conclavé, is, 
n.: M.L.: as applied ¢o any other select 
meeting, consilium: v. COUNCIL. 
conclude: |. Zoinfer: 1, concliido, 
elisi, clisum, 3: then you c.d (or ar- 
gued, for concludo includes the whole 
of the argument) that pain is the great- 
est evil, deinde concludebas summum 
malum esse dolorem, Cic. 2. colligo: 
V. TO GATHER, INFER. II. Vo decide : 
statuo, constituo, 3: Vv. TO DETERMINE. 
II]. Zo end: 1. perticio, ad 
finem addiico, ete.: V. TO FINISH, AC- 
COMPLISH. 2. conclido, si, sum, 3 
ag freq.): to c. a letter, epistolam c., | 
ic.: joined with perficio: as, facinus 
crudelitate perfectum atque conclusum, 
Cic. 8, claudo, 3: v. TO CLOSE: to 
c. a letter, epistolam c., Ov. Special 
phr.. to c. a war (besides bellum confic- 
ere, ad finem perducere, etc.: v. TO 
FINISH), débellare: generally as an im- 
pers. pass.: lest the war should be c.d in 
his absence, ne absente se debellaretur, 
Liv.: the war was c.d in a single battle, 
uno proelio debellatum est, Liv. ; to c. 
@ case or speech, péroro, 1: the matter 
is not c.d on that day, the court rs dis- 
missed, res ille die non peroratur, dimit- 
titur judicium, Cic.: since I have said 
enough, I must c. my speech, quoniam 
satis multa dixi, est mihi perorandum, 
Cie. IV. Inlaw; toestop:q.v. VY, 
Yo settle jinally: as peace, a bargain, 
ete.: Phr.: toc. a treaty, foedus fer- 
ire, icere, percutere: Liv.: a treaty of 
peace, pacem [et amicitiam] cum ali- 
quo confirmare, Caes.; pacem pangere, 
componere, Liv.’ for to c. a bargain, v. 
TO CLOSE and BARGAIN. 
conclusion: |, Close, end: q.v.: 
claustila, conclisio, exitus, etc. Of a 
speech, péroratio, orationis détermina- 
tio, Cic. (If the act of concluding be 
meant, expr by part. of verb: v. To 
CONCLUDE.) I], Determination, deci- 
ston: q. v.: to come toa c., may olten 
be expr. by plicet, vidétur. as, they 
came to the c. that, etc., placuit (iis) ut, 
etc.: V. TO RESOLVE. HW. An wnfer- 
ence drawn from arguments: 1, con- 
clasio (in logical sense): he put the c. of 
the syllogism at the beginning, c. syllo- 
gismi in principio posuit, Gell. 2, 8, (but 
in Cic. conclusio and its dimin. conclu- 
siuncula are used of the whole of the 
argument: as, Zenonis breves et acu- 
tulae conclustones, N. 1). 3, 7, 18). 2. 
conjectiira (ac. or inference drawn from 
probable grounds): many circumstances 
concur to lead are to this c., multa con- 
currunt simul, qui c. hance facio, ler. : 
I will wave the judges to draw their 
own ¢., ipsis Judicibus conjecturam fac- 
ere permittam, Cic.: /o draw a ec. from 
any circumstance, c. facere ex aliqua 
re, Cic. 8, Or expr. by verb. as, to 
draw c.s and form arguments, colligere 
et ratiocinari, Gell.: Cic.: to arrive at 
© ¢., argumentationes ita concludere ut 
efficiatur, etc., Cic. Or 35, 122. 
sonc'usive; of arguments, etc. 1, 
certus: perfectly c. arguments, argu: | 
menta certissima, Cic. 2. gravis, e:| 


1, astricté- Cic.: Plin. 











CONCUR 





i. €. WEIGHTY: may be strengthened 
with satis: no c. argument, *nullum 
satis grave argumentum. 3. firmus 
(strong, irrefragable): this seems the 
most c. proof of ...., firmissimum hoc 
afferri videtur, cur credamus...., Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 13, 30. Phr.: 1 utll furnish 
c. proofs of the guilt, *tam manifesta 
sceieris indicia proferam ut res nemini 
dubia esse videatur: v. foll. art. 

conclusively: Phr.: they do not 
argue c., id quod illi concludere velint 
non efficitur ex propositis [does not follow 
from the premises), non est consequens. 
Cic.: cf. preced. artt. 

concoct: i. €. to devise (q. v.); but 
usu. in bad or ironical sense: - 1, fingo, 
finxi, fictum, 3}: V. TO FABRICATE. Dy 
confio, 1 (to blow up or together: prob. 
with an allu ion to the vork of a smith): 
to c. guilty compacts and alliances, ne- 
farias scelerum pactiones et societates c., 
Cic.: Vell.: v. TO EXCITE, STIRUP. 3, 
excogilo, [: V. TO DEVISF, CONTRIVE. 

concoction: |. The act: expr. 
by verb: v. TO CoNcocT. |] A miz- 
ture or composition (q. V.): mistiira, 
compositio. 

concomitant: adjunctus, conjunct- 
us; quod sequitur, comifatur, ete., v. 
ATTENDANT; TO ACCOMPANY. 

concord: |. Agreement in general : 

1, concordia: by c. small things in- 
crease, by discord the greatest gradually 
decay, concordia parvae res crescunt, 
discordia maximae dilabuntur, Sall. ; 
Cie, 2. conspiratio: we gain great 
advantages by the c. and agreement of 
men, Magnas utilitates adipiscimur con- 
spiratione hominum atque consensu, 
Cic.: v. AGREEMENT. I]. Musical: 
1, concentus, is: v. HARMONY. Q, 

concordia: from such c. of voices, ex | 
ejusmodi vocum c., Cic. [|], In Gram- 
mar: concordantia: M. L. 

concordance; *concordantiae, arum. 
Bruder. 

concordant: concors, dis: not even 
himself c. with himself, ne secum qui- 
dem ipse ¢., Liv.: a well governed and 
c. condition of the state, moderatus et c. 
civitatis status, Cic. : v. HARMONIOUS. 

concourse: 1, célébratio: as- 
semblages and c.s of men, hominum coe- 
tus et celebrationes, Cic.: also in pre- 
cisely the same sense, célébritas: Quint. : 
Vv. CROWD. 2. concursio (of the act): 
esp. in phr.: the fortuitous c. (or meet- 
ing together) of atoms, corpusculorum | 
c. fortuita, Cic. 3. concursus, is (of 
the people, etc. who form the concourse) : 
ac. takes place along the roads, fit c. 
per vias, Pl. : such a c. of people flocked 
to meet me, tantae multitudinis ¢ est ad | 
me factus, Cic. 4, fréquentia (esp. 
of a crowded attendance at any place) : 
the daily attendance and c. of friends, 
quotidiana amicorum assiduitas et f., 
Cic.: Vv, CROWD. 5, couventus: v. 
MEETING. 

concrete (adj.): logical and gram. 
t.t.: *concrétus; sometimes singitl- | 
aris (v. TO ABSTRACT, II.), since the 
particular is also concrete. Phr.: in 
the c., as opp. to in the abstract, re, co- 
gitatione, Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 24 (Kr.) 

concrete (subs.): *compdsitio quae- 
dam quod concretum dicitur, 

concretely: re (abl. of res): v. CON- 
CRETE (fin.) Or as t. t. *concrété. 

concubinage ; 1, conciibinatus, 
lis (most general term): to be living in 
a state of c., esse in ec. alicujus, Dig.: 
simly, habere in c., of the man, Dig. : 
Es 2. pellicatus, tis (esp. of a 
married woman): the abominable c. of 
a mother (with her son-in-law), nefarius 
matris p., Cic. Cl. 5, 13: simly, p. ma- 
tris, Just. 4, 7. 8, contibernium 
(late: cf. COMPANIONSHIP). cf. Suet. 
Vesp. 3 (jin.), where the word seems 
to be used as implying less reproach. 

concubine: 1, conciibina (most 
gen. term): Cic. 2, pellex, icis (Gr. 
mad\axyn): esp. Of @ married man: | 
Cic.: Hor. : Ov.: Vv. MISTRESS, 


concupiscence: libido. v. Lust. 
concur: il. meet in the same | 








CONDEMN 





point; of reasons, causes, etc, : L 
concurro, curri, cur-um, 3. many thinge 
c. to lead me to this conclusion, mul- 
ta concurrunt simul qui conjecturam 
hane facio, Ter. Cic. 2. convénio 
véni, ventum, 4. joined with congruere 
in the foll. passage as many causes 
seem to c. and be consistent with each 
other, quum multae causae convenisse 
in unum locum et congruere videntur, 
Cic. Rose, Am. 22, 62. ||. 70 agree 
(q. v.): conseutio, conspiro, congriio, 
etc.: toc. with any one im an opinion, 
assentior, sensus, 4: V. TO AGREE. 
concurrence: |, Meeting toye- 
ther; only tig., asof causes, etc.: Phr.. 
From a c. of causes it happened that, 
etc., *“multis causis in unum locum 
{simul)convenientibus; ex multis simul 
causis, accidit ut, etc.: owing to ac. of 
Javourable circumstances, quum multa 
simul prospere cessissent; quum tot 
res in unum feliciter conspirarent: v. 
TO CONCUR. Il. Agreement (q. v.). 
consensus, consensio, conspiratio. Ph r.: 
lo express c. in any one’s opinion, as- 
sentiri alicui, Sall.: Cic.: v. ASSENT 
(subs. & v.). 
concurrent: quae in unum (locum) 
s. simul concurrunt, conveniunt: v. To 
concur. Phr.: “as we are assured by 
the c. testimony of antiquity,” *quod 
quasi uno ore ab antiquis memormme 
proditum est: courts which have a ec. 
jurisdiction, *judicia s. judices quorum 
de iisdem rebus'jurisdictio est (?). 
concurrently: ina, simil 
GETHER. 
concussion: i.e. a sudden blow or 
shock: perh. ictus (v. STROKE), or col- 
lisus (rare): v. COLLISION. Phr.: “e. 
of atoms” (Bent.), concursio atomorum, 
Cie. (v. CoNcoURSE): lo meet with a 
violent c., gravi ictu (or graviter) per- 
cussum esse: v. SHOCK. (Conctissus, 
which is rare, and found only in abl. 
means shaking in Lucr. 6, 289.) 
condemn: |. Jidicially : 1 
damno, 1 (the offence expr. by gen., or 
abl. with de; the punishment by gen. 
abl., or acc. with ad or in: gen. chiefly 
in such phr. as dupli, octnpli damnare, 
condemnare); ¢.’d jor theft, furti damna- 
tus, Cic.: to c. to death or capitally, 
capitis d., Caes.: Cic.: also, capite, rei 
capitalis d., Cic.: to c. for violence and 
treason, de vi et de majestate d., Cic.: 
Sisyphus c.’d to lasting toil, damnatius 
longi S. laboris, Hor. (a poet. constr.) 
punishment rarely and poet. in dat. : 
cd to death, morti dumnatus, Luer. 
2. condenino, 1 (equiv. to simple 
verb; and having the same constr.): 
to c. a person without trial, aliquem 
causa incognita c., Cic. (a phr. also used 
in non-judicial sense): to c. any one for 
gambling, aliquem de alea c., Cic.: toc. 
capitally, capitis c., Cic. (more usu. dam- 
nare: v.supr.). to c. to the mines, ad 
metalla c., Suet.- he acquits the man as 
regards Venus, but c.s him at his own 
suit, hominem Veneri absolvit, sibi c., 
Cic.; to c. a man to make twofold re- 
compence, aliquem dupli c., Cato. S. 
multo or mulcto, 1° i.e. to c. to pay 
a sine (with acc. of person condemned, 
and abl. of fine): to c. nations lo pay 
tribute, m. populos stipendio, Cic.: with 
dat. of person to whom the fine comes: 
to be c.’d to pay a sine to Venus, Veneri 
esse multatum, Cic.: (may also be expr, 
by multam dicere, imponere, indicere, 
irrogare Vv, VINE, subs. and verb). ll. 
In non-judicial sense : 1, condemno, 
1: Cic.: Caes.: v. supr. 2, damno, 
1: they c. what they do not understand, 
damnant quae non intelligunt, Quint. 
3. nbto, 1. Vv. TO STIGMATIZE, BRAND. 
4, culpo, vitipéro, improbo, repré- 
hendo, etc.. v.TO BLAME,CENSURE. ff], 
To judge or pronounce unfit for use: 
perh. improbo, répiidio: Phr.: a@ ship 
c.d on the score of oldness and decay, 
*navis propter vetustatem ac putredinem 
inutilis ; corn c.’d by the magistrates as 
unfit for food, *frumentum quod a ma- 
gistratibus ad cibum inutile judicatum 
est. 


Vv. TO- 


143 


CONDEMNATION 





condemnation : 1, damnatio: 
worthy of c. and disgrace, damnatione 
ignominiaque dignus, Cic, 2. con- 
deinnatio: c. for bribery, ambitus c., 
Cic. (Or expr. by verb: worthy of c., 
dignus qui condemnetur: after the c 
of Milo, post Milonem condeninatum, 
ete.: v. preced. art.) 
_,condemnatory: damnatorius (rare) : 
Cic. 


condensation: densatio, condensa- 
tio, spissatio: all rare and late: better 
expr. by phr.: as, on account of the c. 
of the atmosphere, *aere densiore facto, 
propter aérem densiorem factum. In 
fig. sense, of language, compressio: as, 
brief from c. of matter, compressione 
Terum brevis, Cic. Phr.: remarkable 
Sor c. of thought, sententiis ereber; 
densus : -Cic.: v. CONDENSED. 
condense: |. Lit.: of particles 
of matter: 1. condenso, 1: Col. 
9. denso, 1 (also denseo, 2: Lucr. : 
Ov.): Jupiter c.s with south winds what 
was rare just now, Jupiter austris d. 
erant quae rara modo, Virg. (who has 
also the comp. addenso = denso). 3: 
spisso, I: c.d fire turns to dense air, 
ignis densum spissatus in aéra transit, 
Ov.: Vv. TO THICKEN. (Or expr. by cir- 
cuml.: as, air is c.'d on the withdrawal 
of heat, *igne s. calore detracto densior 
fit aér.) In special sense, of the con- 
version of steam into water: *vaporem 
condensare et ad naturam aquae revocare. 
{]. Fig.: of style: 1, denso, 1: 
to c. a speech, orationem d., Quint. 2, 
prémo, ssi, ssum, 3: to c.a matter, rem 
p., as opp. to dilatare, Cic. Phr.: to 
speak in too c.d a manner, adstrictius 
dicere, Cic.: Vv. TO COMPRESS. 
condensed : |. As p. part.: 
densatus, densior factus, etc.: v. TO 
CONDENSE. |], Of style: densus : Thu- 
cydides, c. and pithy, d. et brevis Th., 
Cic.: Quint. Notre.—Not pressus, which 
is plain, unadorned; not using ampli- 
Jication or ornament. 
condescend : 1, descendo, di, 
sum; let old men c. to play with youths, 
senes ad ludum adolescentium descend- 
ant, Cic.: to c. to the gains of slave- 
dealers, ad mangonicos quaestus d., Suet. 
2. demitto, misi, missum, 3 (with 
pron. refl.): to c. to flattery, in adula- 
tionem se d., Tac. 3, submitto, 3 
(with pron. refl.): those who are supe- 
rer ought to c. in friendship, ii qui 
superiores sunt s. se debent in amicitia, 
Cic. 4, dignor, 1: v. TO DEIGN. 
condescending (adj.): no exact 
word: perh. facilis et moribus cémis 
(but this leaves the notion of letting 
oneself down to be implied by the con- 
text): or expr. by verb: as, he was of 
c. temper, facile se ad inferiores (hom- 
ines) demittebat, etc.: v. supr. 
condescendingly; ta ut qnis se 
comiter submittat; or simply comiter 
G. @. courteously : q. v.). 
condescension: cOmitas, mores 
comes ac faciles (i. e. courtesy: q.v.): or 
more precisely, *animus ad se comiter 
submittendum pronus: v. supr. 
condign: i. e. deserved (only of 
penaltres): débitus, méritus, justus: v. 
DUE, DESERVED, JUST. 
condiment; condimentum: v, sEa- 
SONING. 
condition : |. Circumstances , 
collectively ° 1, status, is (the most 
gen. term) all c.s of life, omnes vitae 
s., Cic.. the c. of the commonwealth, s. 
reipublicae, Cic.: v. STATE, FOOTING 
Q, casus, is: generally in bad sense: 
mourning for the en) c. of the state, 
civitatis casum dolens, Sall. 3, con- 
ditio (more freq. in sense III., out of 
which this one probably arises)- the 
lowest c. and fortune of slaves, infima c. 
et fortuna servorum, Cic.: this c. of 
life, haec c. vivendi, Hor.: the c. of the 
empire and the state of the province, c. 
imperii statusque provinciae, Cic. 4. 
causa (chiefly in particular phrases: 
prop a legal word ; v. CAUSE, CASE): to 
be in the same, in better c., in eadem, 
meliore c. esse, Cic.  Caes. Saexes; 


144 








CONDUCE 


réi, f.; esp. in pl.: V. CIRCUMSTANCES. 
6. sors, fortiina: v. FORTUNE. 7, 
lécus: i. e. position (q. v.): Caes. 8. 
habitus, is: v. hABIT, Pkr.: Jamin 
ac. to promise, habeo polticeri, Cic.: he 
was not inac. to make any reply, quid 
responderet non habebat, Cic.: to be in 
good, vad, c., bene, male se habere, Cic. ; 
to be content with one’s c., in propria 
pelle quiescere (faceté), Hor.: in good 
c. (of body), pinguis et nitidus, bene 
curata cute, Hor. Ep. 1, 4 (jin.). tl. 
Rank: 1, conditio: any one’s c. and 
mode of life, alicujus c. vitaque, Quint. : 
joined with fortuna: Cic. 2. for- 
tina: V. FORTUNE, RANE. 3, locus 
(only in certain phrases): born in the 
lowest c., infimo |. natus, Cic.: simly, 
obscuro, summo 1. natus, Liv.: Sall. 
4. sors, rtis, f.: @ young man not 
of your c., non tuae s. juvenis, Hor. : v. 
STATION. I]. Zerms of a contract : 
1. conditio: the fairness of the c.s 
being clearly seen, aequitate conditionum 
perspecta, Caes.: on c. that, (sub) ea c. 
ut or ne, Cic.: in accordance with c.s, 
per conditiones, Sall.: v. TERMS. 2). 
pactum, conventum: Vv AGREEMENT. 
8. lex, légis, f.: peace was granted 
to Philip on these c.s., pax data Philippo 
in has 1. est, Cic.: he proposed these c.s 
to the two parties, legem duabus hanc 
proposuit partibus, Phaedr.: on these 
c.s, hac lege (foll. by ut or ne), Cic. - 
Liv. 4, stipiilatio (only of legal 
engagements: v. Dict. Ant. pp. 817, 
818): to bind any one by ac., aliquem 
stipulatione alligare, Cic. Phr.: on no 
other c., non ..., aliter, foll. by nisi or 
quam ut: not to allow Caesar to be made 
consul on any other c. than that he 
should deliver up his army, non pati 
Caesarem aliter consulem fieri, nisi ex- 
ercitum tradiderit (= quam ut tradat), 
Coel, ap. Cic.: on this c. that, ita ut, 
Cic.; also cum eo quod or ut: be it so 
since you wish t%, but yet, on c., I sup- 
pose, that tt be done without any sin on 
my part, sit sane, quoniam ita tu vis; 
sed tamen cum eo, credo, quod sine 
peccato meo fiat, Cic.: Liv. 
conditional: conditidnalis: Ulp.: 
Serv.: Tert. But except in technical 
language better expr. by phr.: to make 
@ c. promise, *certa conditione aliquid 
promittere; with ea .... ut, if the con- 
dition is specified: he granted a peace, 
c. on, etc., pacem ea lege s. conditione 
dedit, ut .... etc.: Vv. CONDITION: @ c. 
statement, quod conjuncte (as opp. to 
simpliciter) sit elatum (?), Cic. de Or. 2, 
38, 158. 
conditionally: 1, conjuncté (in 
logical sense): v. preced. art. 9. 
conditionaliter (in legal sense): Gai. 
Dig.: but only to be used as tech. term - 
else expr. by sub (certis) conditionibus ; 
(sub) ea lege, ut; etc.: v. supr. 
conditioned: |. As part. pass. : 
certis conditionibus constitutus: v. 
supr. As phil. t. ¢.: finitus(?): v. FI- 
NITE. |]. As adj.: having a certain 
state or qualities: Phr.: an ill-c. 
stomach, male moratus venter, Ov.: an 
ill-c. man (i.e. churlish), homo difficilis 
atque importunus; homo insuavis atque 
inhumanus: v. DISAGREEABLE, UNAMI- 
ABLE, 
condole: cum aliquo dolére: v. To 
GRIEVE. See also TO CONSOLE, COM- 
MISERATE. 
condolence: Phr.: I gave him my 
c.s, *doloris ejus particeps factus sum: 
c. lightens grief, *levatur dolor cum 
aliis communicatus. 
condone: conddno, veniam do: v, 
TO PARDON. 
conduce: 1, condiico, xi, ctum, 
3 (foll. by ad or in with acc.; or dat.): 
to c. to the general advantage, in com- 
mune c., Tac.: to c. to the convenience 
of life, ad vitae commoditatem c., Cic.: 
to c. to the purpose, proposito c., Hor. 
2. conféro, tili, latum, 3 (constr. 
same as 1): whether nature or learning 
c.s most to eloquence, naturane plus ad 
eloquentiam conferat an doctrina, Quint. : 
the mother of the Graccht e.d much to 








CONEY 





their eloquence, Gracchorum eloquen- 
tiae multum contulit mater, Cic. 4 
proficio, féci, tectum, 3 (with ad): 
nothing c.s so much to oratory as 
writing, nulla res tantum ad dicendum 
p- quantum scriptio, Cic.: Liv.: v To 
PROFIT. Phr.: tt will ¢. to your ad- 
vantage, e re tua erit, proderit tibi; v. 
ADVANTAGE: thts affair c.s to my glory, 
haec res mihi valet ad gloriam, Cic. : 
my services c. to the advantage of the 
commonwealth, mea benefacta reip. pro- 
cedunt, Sall. Jug. 85. v. ADVANTAGE, TO 
BE OF. 
conducive: itilis, bdnus (ad): v. 
USEFUL, ADVANTAGEOUS: or expr. by 
verb: quod ad aliquam rem conducit, 
confert, valet, procedit, etc.. v. preced. 
art. 
conduct (svvs.) = |, Behaviour : 
1, mores, um, m,: Vv. CHARACTER. 
2, vita (of the entire past life of 
a person): to enquire into any one’s 
(past) c. and character, in alicujus 
vitam et mores inquirere, Liv.- Cic. 
also ratio vitae, of a definite course of 
conduct: Cic. 38. Expr. by verb: 
what should be my c. towards Caesar, 
quonam modo me gererem adversus 
Caesarem, Cic.; v. TO BEHAVE (oneself), 
4. Particular kinds of conduct, as 
insolent, haughty, shameless, etc., may be 
expr. by such substantives as, insolentia, 
superbia, impudentia, etc.: for which 
see the abstract substantives, INSOLENCE, 
HAUGHTINESS, etc. Il. Leading, ad- 
ministration (q. V.) : 1, ductus, ts 
V. GENERALSHIP, 2. administratio : 
Vv. MANAGEMENT. Phr.: under thy c., 
Caesar, te duce, Caesar, Hor.: Cic.: 
the wise c. of political affairs, civilis 


prudentia, Cic. 

conduct (v.): _ |, To lead to any 
place or person: 1, addiico, xi, ctum, 
3: I will c. you to my house, te ad 
meam adducam domum, Pl.: to c. an 
army, exercitum ad., Cic. Q, ad- 
moveo, movi, mOtum, 2 (esp. of military 
movements): he c.’d his army to Ari- 
minum, exercitum Ariminum admovit, 
Liv.: v. TO ADVANCE. 8, dédiico, 3. 
esp. to c. a bride to her husband, vir- 
ginem juveni marito deducere, ‘Tb. - 
uxorem domum deducere, ‘l’er.- or set- 
tlers to their place of destination: the 
settlers who had been c.’d to Capua, 
coloni qui Capuam deducti erant, Caes. : 
to c.a colony to any place, coloniam in 
aliquem locum deducere, Cic.- also to 
c. a person home in a complimentary 
manner: V.TO ESCORT. Fig.+ what is 
that system to which you are c.ing me? 
quae ea est disciplina ad quam me de- 
ducas? Cic. 4, perdiico, 3 (to c. fo 
some place of destination ; or to the end 
of a journey): to c. legions to any one, 
legiones ad aliquem p., Cic.: they ar- 
rested them and c.’d them to Caesar, 
comprehensos eos ad Caesarem perduxe- 
runt, Caes.: to c. an ox to the stall, 
bovem ad stabula p., Virg.: v. TO LEAD. 

|]. Zo manage: 1, administro, 

I: V. TO MANAGE, Q, dirigo, 3: v. 
TO DIRECT. Ill. To lead, as a com- 
mander: ducto, dico, praesum: v. TO 
coMMAND. |V, With pron. 7¢f.; toe 
oneself, i.e. behave: se gerere, praestare - 
Vv. TO BEHAVE. 

conductor: dux (both in milit. and 
in non-milit. sense), ductor (miltt, only), 
administrator (manager in general 
sense): V. GUIDE, COMMANDER, etc. 

conduit; canalis: v CANAL, PIPE. 

cone: 1, conus (Gr. xwvos): the 
figure of a cylinder, of a square or of 
ac., figura cylindri, vel quadrati vel 
coni, Cic.: hence of things c.-shaped: 
cypress C.8, cypressini ¢., Col. of a 
helmet, galeae c., Virg. Hence, as ap- 
plied to trees, c.-beaiing, conifer, coni- 
ger: Virg. 2. méta (prop. the conical 
shaped goal in the circus) the shadow 
of the earth is the c. of night, umbra 
terrae est m. noctis, Cic. the bou-tree 
shoots up into c.s, buxus in metas emit- 


titur, Plin. 
coney or cony; canicilus: vy. 
RABBIT, 





=) 
Re 


CONFABULATE 





- confabulate: confabilor, sermocin- 
or, 1: V. TO CONVERSE, CHAT. 
confabulation: coufabilatio, ser- 
mdcinatio (both very rare): v. CONVER- 
BATION. 
confection: (?) compisitio (which is 
used by Col. of preserving fruits: 12, 
44): see also CONFECTIONERY, 
confectioner : 1, crustiilarius: 
Sen. 2. cipédinarius (cupp.): a 
maker of dainty dishes in general: 
Ter.: Lampr. 3, libarius: a maser 
of cakes, liba: Sen. Ply: a c.’s shop, 
*taberna crustularia, cupedinaria. 
confectionery; 1. crustum (any- 
thing baked): Hor.: Virg. Q, crustii- 
lum (dimin. of crustum; small pastry): 
to pacify children with c., consolari 
crustulo pueros, Sen. Ep. 99, 24: Hor. 
8. ciipédia (cupp.), orum, n. pl.; 
and -ae, -arum, f. pl. (of dainties in 
general): Pi.: Apic. 
confederacy: |, 4 treaty: foedus, 
éris, n.: V. LEAGUE. Il. The states or 
nations united by a league: foederatae 
Ccivitates; civitates foedere junctae: v. 
foll. art. 
confederate: |. Adj.:_ 1. foe- 
dératus: c. states, f. civitates, Cic. 2: 
foedére junctus, conjunctus: v. TREATY. 
3, sdcius: i.e. ALLIED: q. Vv. 4, 
conjuratus (swan or banded together: 
esp. poet.): Greece c. to break thy nup- 
tial tie, Graecia conjurata tuas rumpere 
nuptias, Hor.: the thousand c. ships, 
mille c, rates, Ov. Il. Subs.: esp. in 
pl.: socii, foederatae civitates: v. supr. 
confederation: v. conFEDERACY. 
confer: Trans.: To give 
(q. v.); especially in certain phrases ; 
as to confer power, a title, renown, a 
favour, ete. : 1, déféro, tili, latum, 
3 (implying authority or power on the 
part of the bestower): to c. power on 
any one, imperium ad aliquem d., Cues. : 
also with dat.: Caes.: to c. the fasces on 
an unworthy person, fasces indigno d., 
Hor.: to c. supreme power on any one, 
regnum alicui d., Hor.. toc. the laurel 
on any one, lauream alicuid., Liv. 2, 
conféro, 3: toc. a favour on any one, c. 
beneficium in aliquem, Cic.: v. TO BE- 
sTOW. 3. tribuo, 3: v. TO BESTOW. 
Phr.: you will be cing a very great 
favour on us, gratissimum, pergratum 
nobis feceris, Cic.: v. FAvouR: J should 
like to know how long a time is needful 
to c. value upon writings, scire velim 
retium chartis quotus arroget annus, 
or.: the event c.d not a little fresh 
glory on the general, aliquantum ea res 
duci famae adjecit, Liv. I. in- 
trans.: to discourse together, cunsull: 
1, colléquor, léciitus, 3: by the me- 
dium of Procillus he ¢.s with him, per 
Procillum cum eo colloquitur, Caes. : 
Cic. 2, comminico, 1: y. TO coM- 
MUNICATE. 3. conféro, 3: both with 
and without a subs.: c. consilia ad ali- 
quem, Ter.; ¢. sermones cum aliquo, 
Cic.: we will c. together, coram inter 
nos conferemus, Cic. Phr.: about which 
Ic.’d with you, de quo tecum egi, Cic. : 
to c. together (with a view to giving a 
verdict), in consilium ire, Cic. Clu. 20, 
55: V. TO CONSULT, DELIBERATE. 
conference: 1. colléquium: they 
came thither for a c.,eo adc. venerunt, 
Caes.: to be a considerable time engaged 
in ¢., aliquandiu in colloquio esse, Nep. 
Q. collécittio (rare) Cic. 3. con- 
gressus, is: i.e. a meeting. (Cic. joins 
congressus colloquiumque.) Phr.: to 
have a c. with any one, cum aliquo col- 
loqui, consilia conferre, communicare : 
Y. preced. art; v. INTERVIEW. 
confess: |. To acknowledge: 1, 
confitéor, fessus, 2: to c. one’s faults, 
c. peccatum suum, Cic.: with depend. 
clause: J c. that this has happened 
to me justly, hoc confiteor jure mibi 
obtigisse, Ter.: absol.: as you have 
heard her oy confess, ut eampse 
vos audistis confiterier, Pl.: with abl. 
and de: to c. concerning a crime, de 
maleficio c., Cic.: to c. Christ, Christum 
c., Prud. (but of willing, cheerful con- 
fession, better Chr. profiteri: v. infr.) 


CONFIDENCE 


92. fateor, fassus, 2 (identical in 
sense with confiteor; nd with same 
constr.): he c.s that he has acted con- 
trary to the public welfare for the sake 
of his friend, contra rempublicam se 
amici causa fecisse fatetur, Cic.: to c. 
what is false, falsum fateri, Cio. 3. 
profiteor, fessus, 3 (to confess willingly, 
to avow openly).—Nore. The difference 
between this and the preceding words 
is seen in the following passage: ita 
libenter confitetur ut non solum fateri, 
sed etiam projfiteri (i. e. openly to avow 
and acknowledge), videatur, Cic. Caec. 
9, 24. 4, agnosco, novi, nitum, 3: v. 
TO ACKNOWLEDGE. N.B. Such sentences 
as these things are c.d by all, must be 
converted into the active form, if fateor, 
or a compound of it, is to be used: e. g., 
haec omnes fatentur. I]. To concede 
(in argument): concedere: v. TO GRANT. 

confessed: confessus (a p. part. used 
in pass, sense): Cic.: V. MANIFEST. 

confessedly : 1, ex confesso: 
Quint. 2. manifesto, iperté: v. ma- 
NIFESTLY, UNDOUBTEDLY : c. the greatest 
of philosophers, *quem inter omnes con- 
Stat (quem omnes consentiunt) maxi- 
mum inter philosophos fuisse: v. AGREED, 
IT Is. 

confession: confessio: ac. of one’s 
error, peccati sui c., Cic.: to extort 
c. by torture, c. cruciatu exprimere, 
Suet.: Liv.: of religious c.: Aug.: 
Liy.: in modified sense: a c. that the 
power of the people was greater than 
that of the consul, c. populi quam con- 
sulis vim majorem esse, Liv. Phr.: to) 
make c., confiteri (v. TO CONFESS): @ ¢. | 
of faith, *symbélum: v. CREED: auri- | 
cular c., *confessio auricularis: Calv. 
Inst. (but the phr. should be used only 
in tech. sense: otherwise rather, con- | 
fessio ecclesiastica, quae per sacerdotem 
fit; quae tutis sacerdotis auribus im- | 
pertitur communicatio). 

confessional: *cella in qua peccata 
confitentibus opera datur. 1? the prac 
tice and not the place is meant, *con- 
fessio quae per sacerdotem fit, c. eccle- 
siastica. 

confessor : 1. One who makes 
profession of the Christian faith: con- 
fessor: Lact. ||, A priest who receives 
confessions: *confessarius: Enchirid. 
Confess.: *sacerdos qui est alicui a con- 
fessionibus ; quem quis habet a confes- 
sionibus et cura animae. 

confidant: 1, conscius, conscia: | 
my c. in all my private affairs, mihi in 
privatis omnibus c., Cic.: male me your 
c., fac me consciam, Pl.: nor is any | 
man my c., nec c. est ullus homo, PI. | 

9. familiaris: an intimate FRIEND 
(q. v.). 
arcanis principis admissus, Tac, ; secre- 





Jjidence: fidus, fidélis: v. 


Phr.: ac. of the sovereign, | 
| 


CONFINE 


esp. of over-confidence, self-confidence : 
he said he lacked two things (for being 
a public speaker), c. and voice, dixit 
duas sibi res, c. et vocem defulsse, Cic.: 
V. ASSURANCE. Phr.: to have c., fido, 
confido, fisus sum, 3 (for constr. v. To 
CONFIDE) ; nor did the soldiers feel more 
c. in any other chief, neque milites alio 
duge plus cunfidere, Liv.: / feel a strong 
c. that, etc., magnus mihi animus est (fol. 
by acc. and inf.), T'ac.: in this legion 
Caesar had the greatest c., huic legioni 
Caesar confidebat maxime, Caes.: some- 
what less strong is crédo, 3 (with dat.) - 
Vv. TO TRUST: when you have yot c., cum 
os perfricuisti, Cic.: town-bred ¢., or 
assurance, urbana frons, Hor.: v. EF- 
FRONTERY : to tell any one a secret in c., 
tutis auribus aliyuid deponere, Hor. : te 
take any one into c., aliquem in consci- 
entiam (esp. consilli) sumere, Tac.: v. 
CONFIDANT (Phr.). 
confident: 1, fidens, ntis: c. of 
spirit, f. animi, Virg.: he will go to 
death with a c. soul, f. animo gradietur 
ad mortem, Cic. 9. confidens: usu. 
of over considence: Cic. (similar is prd- 
fidens: Cic.) 8, frétus (with abl.): 
i.e. relying on: q.v. Phr.: to be c., 
fido, confido, fisus, 3: J am c. that he 
will do his duty, confido illum fore in 
officio, Cic.: v. TOCONFIDE: c. of safety, 
de salute securus, Liv.: v. ceRTADN: and 
comp. CONFIDENCE (Phr.): with a ec, 
mind, animo certo et confirmato, Cic. : 
to make an army more c., exercitum 
confirmatiorem efficere, Cic. 
confidential: |. Worthy of con- 
FAITHFUL, 
TRUSTY. Il. Private, secret : arcanus, 
secrétus or in comg. secrétior: v. SE- 
cRET. Phr.: to make a c. communica- 
tion to any one, aliquid tutis auribus 
deponere, Hor.: we held c. communica- 
tion from the eighth hour until the even- 
ing, ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto 
collocuti sumus, Cic.: regard this asc 
*hoc tibi soli dictum putato. 
confidently: 1, fidenter, fidenti 
animo: Cic.: Vv. CONFIDENT. 9. oon- 
fidenter: usu. in bad sense: v. CONFI- 
DENT. Phr.: to say anything c., con- 
firmo, affirmo, assévéro, 1: Vv. TO ASSERT, 
AFFIRM: this I would venture to assert 
c., *hoc pro certo affirmare ausim. 
confiding (adj.): 1. crédilus 


| (with dat.): oftener in bad sense: v. 


CREDULOUS. 9. frétus: with abl.: v. 
RELYING ON. Phr.: he was of an amia- 
ble c. disposition, *suaviter atque in- 
genue aliis confidere solebat. 
configuration: figira, conformatio, 
forma: Vv. FIGURB. Esp. of the planets 
(in astrology): status, ts: fo be born 
under the same c. of the sky and stars, 
eodem s. coeli et stellarum natum esse, 


tiorum omnium arbiter, Curt.; send to | Cic.: ¥. HOROSCOPE, 


me any of your c.s that you please, si | 


quem tuorum fidelium voles ad me 


confine (sws.): 1 confinium: in 
the c.s of Germany, in continio Germa- 


mittas, Cic.. to take any one as ac. in| niae, Tac.: Aurora possesses the cs of 


a scheme, aliquem in societatem consilii | 
assumere, Liv. ; in conscientiam assum- | 


ere, I'ac.: in fuller sense, alicui intimas | 
cogitationes tradere, T'ac.: he asked him | 
to send one of his c.s, petiit ut aliquem | 


ex arcanis mitteret, Plin. 
confide : |. Zo rely on: fido, 
confido, fisus, 3: usu. with dat. of person 
and abl. of thing: v. TO TRUST, RELY ON. 
II. Vo entrust, commit to the charge 
of : commendo, crédo, committo: v. To 
COMMEND, ENTRUST. 
confidence: _1. fides, éi, f. (the 
most gen. term): J had almost more ce. 
in you than in myself, f. majorem tibi 
habui quam paene ipsi mibi, Cic.: many 
promises diminish c., mula fidem pro- 
missa levant, Hor. 2. fidiicia (con- 
fidence, assurance): I have already hope 
of you, not yet c., jam de te spem habeo, 
nondum f., Sen.: c. in (superior mili- 
tary) position, f. loci, Caes.: c. in one’s 
oun fortune, f rerum suarum, Caes.: v. 
TRUST. ¥, fidentia: esp. as tech. term: 
the characteristic of the person who is 
inspired with fiducia: Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 
163: “ fidentia est firma animi contfisio,” 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, a 4, confidentia : 


day and night, Aurora tenet confinia 
lucis et noctis, Ov. Q. finis, is, m.: 
v. BOUNDARY, Phr.: on the cs of, 
conterminus, confinis, finitimus, vici- 
nus: V. CONTERMINOUS, ADJACENT. 
confine (v.): 1. claudo, si, sum, 3: 
to c. flocks in wattled pens, c. cratibus 
textis pecus, Hor.: a river c.d on both 
sides by very lofty banks, rivus praealtis 
utrinque clausus ripis, Liv. Similarly 
inoliido, concliido, and (less freq.) cir- 
cumclido: v. TO SHUT IN or UP. 5 
cderceo, 2: a river c.d by no banks, 
amnis nullis coercitus ripis, Liv.: Cic. : 
toc. the hair in a knot, nodo c. crines, 
Hor.: by these works the enemy is cd 
within the walls, his operibus intra 
muros coercetur hostis, Liv. 8. cd- 
hibeo, 2: three hundred chains c. Piri- 
thous, trecentae Pirithoum c. catenae, 
Hor.: toc. the armin the toga, brachium 
togac., Cic. 4, contineo, ui, tentum, 2 
he c.d his army in the camp, exercitum 
castris continuit, Caes.: to c. oneself tc 
the house, se domi c, Suet. (Cohibeo, 
coerceo, and contineo signify to restrain, 
to put constraint upon: while claudo and 
its compounds denote simply to inclose 
145 


CONFINED 





orconfine). §. constringo, nxi, ctum, 
3 (toc. tightly: v. TO BIND): toc. men’s 
bodies in trons, c. corpora vinclis, Cic. 
6. vincio, nxi, netum, 4: v. TO BIND. 

7, circumscribo, psi, ptum, 3 (i. e. 

as it were to draw a line round; hence 
to limit): toc. the body and to give the 
mind free scope, c. corpus et animo 
locum laxare, Sen. Phr.: to c. any 
one within narrow limits (as of the 
range of the orator), oratorem in exi- 
guum gyrum compellere, Cic.: to c. 
oneself within too narrow limits (of 
the literal translator), desilire in artum, 
Hor. (similarly in exiguum, in exiguum 
angustumque concludi, contrali, ete. : 
Cic.). to be c.d to one’s bed, in lecto 
detineri, Cic.; cubare, Hor.: or more 
precisely, lecto affixum esse, ef. Hor. S. 
81: of a woman, parére; f. part. 
paritura, about to be c.d; puerperio 
cubare, Pl.: ske was c.d at Antium, 


locus puerperii Antium fuit, Tac.: v. TO 
BEING FORTH. 
confined (adj.): i.e.close: 1, artus 


(arctus): ac. theatre, a. theatrum, Hor. ; 
Vv. CLOSE: ce. circumstances, artae res, 
Ov. (=res angusta domi, Juv.) Zz 
angustus: a c. (narrow) mind, an. 
animus, Cic. 3. astrictus: esp. of 
the bowels : v. COSTIVE. 
confinement: |. Restraint with- 
tn limits: 1. inclisio: the c. of 
Bibulus, in. Bibuli, Cic. 2. vinciila, 
orum: Vv. BONDs. 3, Expr. by verb: 
by the c. of the passions within limits, 
*cohibitis intra fines suos cupiditatibus : 
Vv. TO CONFINE. Il. Lmprisonment : 
cust0dia, vinciila, carcer: v. PRISON: to 
put inc., in vincula conjicere, in cus- 
todiam tradere: v. PRISON, IMPRISON. 
Wi. Jn childbirth: q. v.: i 
Partus, Us: when she was thought to be 
near her c., quum partus appropinquare 
putaretur, Cic.: Prop. 2. puerpér- 
lura: Pl.: Suet. Or expr. by verb: 
as, after her c., posteaquam peperit ; 
puerum enixa: v. TO BRING FORTH. 
confirm: |, Zo make jirmor valid: 
1. confirmo, 1: v. TO STRENGTHEN: 
to promise and c. by oath, polliceri et 
jurejurando c., Caes.: Cic. 2. firmo, 
1 (somewhat less strong than 1): to ¢. 


by oath, jurejurando f., Cic.: toc. fide- 
lity, fidem f., Ter. 3, stibilio, 4: 
i.e. to establish : q. Vv. 4, auctor 


(with sum, fio: said of one who sup- 
ports or lends authority to something): 
esp. in phr. patres (patricii) auctores 
fiunt, of the patricians or senate con- 
firming a resolution of the comitia cen- 
turiata: Liv.: Cic. 5, comprobo, 1 
(to make good): the rashness of the son 
c.’d the wise saying of the father, patris 
dictum sapiens temeritas filii compro- 
bavit, Cic.: v. TO PROVE. 6. sancio, 
nxi, nctum, 4: v. TO RATIFY. 7. ali- 
quid ratum facio, efficio, habeo, duco: 
esp. of sentences and judgments: Cic.: 
Liv.: v. TO RaATIFY. Phr.: to c. the 
truth of anything, alicui rei fidem ad- 
jungere, afferre, Cic.: v. CREDIT. Il. 
Of the ceremony of confirmation: con- 
firmo, 1: Eccl, 

confirmation: |. A strengthen- 
ing: expr. by verb: jor the c. of the 
promise, ad fidem confirmandam: v. TO 
CONFIRM. I]. A religious ceremony: 
confirmatio ; Corpus Confess. 

confirmatory: ad fidem adjungen- 
dam, firmandam aptus, idoneus: v. TO 
CONFIRM. 

confirmed (adj.): Phr.: ac. in- 
valid, valetidinarius: Sen.; *cujus in 
corpore penitus inhaesit morbus ; qui 
admodum infirma valetudine utitur ; 
qui intirma valetudine perpetuo laborat: 
Vv. INVALID: ac. disease, morbus qui in- 
veteravit, Cels.: it is becuming a c. 
custom, inveterascit consuetndo, Caes. : 
@ c. sceptic, *qui de omnibus rebus in 
utramque partem quaerere ac dubitare 
solet. 

confiscate: 1, publico, 1: foc. 
any one’s property, alicujus bona p., 
Caes.; pecunias, Sall.: also with acc. 
of person: aliquem cum bonis omnibus 
p-, Cic. ee Nagels. p. 50. 2, con- 





formity with : 


CONFORMITY 


fisco, 1: late, and with ref. to the im- 
perial fiscus: Suet.: tor which, in fiscum 
vertere, avertere, Tac. 3. proscribo, 
psi, ptum, 3 (as an act of arbitrary 
power, by public announcement, not as 
a legal sentence): to c. possessions, 
sessiones p., Cic.: Plin.: like pubtico, 
with personal object: to c. the property 
of Pompey, P. proscribere, Cic. 5 
Partial confiscation may be expr. by 
commissum: to be c.d, in commissa 
cadere (venire), Ulp. Dig. 

confiscation: 1, publicatio: Cic. 
(usu. better expr. by verb: to punish 
with c., bona, pecunias alicujus pub- 
licare ; pecuniis publicatis in aliquem 
animadvertere: v. TOCONFISCATE). Q, 
confiscatio: Suet.: Ulp. 3, pro- 
scriptio: Cic.: v. verb, 4, commis- 
sum: denoting a fine for default: cf. 
Suet. Cal. 41. 

conflagration : 
c. of a city, urbis in., Caes. : 
of nothing but mu der, c.s, rapine, nihil 
cogitant nisi caedes, nisi incendia, nisi 
rapinas, Cic. Fig.: lest some day this 
little fire may kindle a vast c., ne quan- 
doque parvus hic ignis in. ingens ex- 
suscitet, Liv. 9, conflagratio: sen. 
Phr.: to be consumed by a c., conflagro, 
déflagro: Vv. BURNT DOWN Tu BK. 

conflict (subs.) : 1, certamen, 
certatio; contentio: V. CONTEST. 2. 
pugna (applicable to any kind of contest 
or combat, q. V.): ¢. (af opinion) between 
Warned men, pugha doctissimorum ho- 
minum, Cic. 3, répugnantia: i. e. 
opposition: c. of expediency (with ho- 
nour), utilitatis r., Cic. Off. 3, 4, 17. 
Phr.; to be in ec. (logical), repugnare : 
v. To CONTRADICT. N.B. Not conflictus 
or conflictio, which signify striking to- 
gether, collision. 

conflict (v.): 1, certo, concerto, 
1: ¥. TO CONTEND. DP uctors i Ws 
TO STRUGGLE. (N.B. conflictor, 1, is to 
be brought into collision: Nep.) 

conflicting (a/.): répugnans: things 
which are c., quae repugnaut inter se, 
Cic.: v. CONTRADICTORY, 

confiuence: confiuens, entis, m.: 
the c. of the Meuse and Rhine, c. Mosae 
et Rheni, Caes.: Liv.: sometimes pl. : 
where he crossed the Anio at the c. (i. e. 
with the Tiber), he pitches his camp, 
ubi Anienem transiit ad confluentes, col- 
locat castra, Liv. Or, expr. by verb: 
at the c. of the two rivers, ubi duo 
amnes in unum confluunt; cf, Cic. Leg. 
2, 3,6. Sumetimes ues fig. of u crowd 
of people: concursus: V. CONCOURSE. 


1, incendium: the 


confluent (a4j.): ora Prud. 
(or impert. part. of confluy). 
conform : J. Trans.: (rare; 


except with refl. pron. : as, toc. oneself) : 
accommoddo, I: V. TO ADAPT, ACCOM- 
MODATE. In pass. to be c.’d (made like) 
to, conformem (similem) fieri, Vulg. 
||. Lntrans.: to comply with or 

yield to: 1, accommddo, ¢ (with 
pron. refi.): toc. to any one's will and 
pleasure, ad alicujus nutum et arbitrium 
se ac., Cic. 2. obtempéro, 1 (with 
dat.): Vv. TOCOMPLY WITH. 3, séquor, 
sécitus, 3: to c, to nature, naturam s., 
Cic.: Vv. TO FOLLOW. 4, servio, 4 
(with dat.): stronger than the preced- 
ing: toc. fo the times, tempori s., Cic.: 
Nep. 

conformable: |. Consistent with: 

1, consentaneus: @ death c. to his 

life, c. mors ejus vitae, Cic. 2. con- 
grius, Consentiens, convéniens: v. CON- 
SISTENT. ||, Compliant (q. v.). v. TO 
conFror™ (I1.). 

conformably;: convénienter, accom- 
modaté ; pro with abl.; etc.; v. ACCORD- 
ANCE WITH, IN, AGREEABLY. 

conformation: 1, conformatio: 
a certain c. and shape of the whole face 
and body, c. quaedam et figura totius 
oris et corporis, Cic. Q. figura, forma- 
V. FIGURE, FORM, SHAPE. 

conformity: convénientia, congru- 
entia: V. AGREEMENT. Phr.: tm con- 
ex or e, de, pro (with 
abl.); sécundum (with acc.): v. ac- 
CORDANCE WITH, IN. 


they think | 


CONFUSION 





' confound: |, Zo mix and con- 


Suse: 1. confundo, fiidi, fisum, 3: 
strengthened with perturbare, of c.ing 
and disordering religious observances, 
Auct. Dom. 49, 127: Vv. TO CONFUSE: to 
c. right and wrong, fas nefasque c., Ov 
¥Y, Misceo, ul, stum and xtum, 2: he 
c.’d all the lowest with the highest, omnia 
infima summis miscuit, Cic. 3. com- 
misceo, 2: Cic. (For construction see TO 
MIX). 4, perturbo, t (to throw into dis- 
order): v. supr. (1). I]. Zo wil ee 
} 1, confundo, 3: toc. the minds of the 
| heaver's, audientium animosc,Liv. Q, 
implico, avi or ui, itum, 1: unless per- 
chance your implacable resentments have 
c.’d your minds, nisi forte implacabiles 
irae vestrae implicaverint animos ves- 
tros, Liv.: to c. any one by uncertain 
answers, aliquem incertis responsis im- 
plicare, Liv. 3, turbo, perturbo, 1: 
Vv. TO DISTURB. Ill. Zo disconcert 
greatly, abash, ete. 1, exanimo, 1: 
to be c.’d by the fear of leyal proceedings, 
judiciorum metu exanimari, Cic.: these 
words of Milo’s c. and undo me, me ex. 
et interimunt hae voces Milonis, Cic. 
2. obstupéfacio, féci, factum, 3 (to 
deprive of self-possession): he was so 
cd with shame and fear, ita eum 
timidum obstupefecit pudor, Ter.: he 
c.'d the enemy by the very prodigy of 
daring, ipso miraculo audaciae obstupe- 
tecit hostes, Liv.: v.TO AMAZE. Pulr.: 
all are c.d, stupor omnium animos tenet, 
Liv. 3, pudorem injicére, inctitére : 
i.e. to make ushamed: q. Vv. IV. Zo 
bring to nought: irritum facio, frustror 
(rare), efficio ut aliquid frustra sit: v. 
TO FRUSTRATE, DISAPPOINT. Phre: I 
shall never be c.d,” non confundar in 
aeternum, Te |/eum. 
confoundedly (comicé) : 
perdite: ler. 
confraternity : sociétas, sédalicium, 
collegium: Vv. FRATERNITY. 
confront: |, 70 stand opposite 
to: ex adversus (-sum) aliquem stare, 
cf. Nep. Them. 3, jin.: contra aliquem 
Stare: v. OPPOSITE. |]. Zo meet face 
to face: obviam ire, se opponere, etc.: 
v. TO FACE. _— |[|, To bring face to 
Jace: Phr.: he ts cd with the in- 
Jormer, index ex altera parte coram 
tenetur, Cic.: in same sense, cum in- 
dice componere, Tac. Ann. 15, 51, jin. 
(N.B. Compono is often used of bringing 
antagonists together: v. TO MATCH.) 
confuse: |. To mix wrongly: 
1, contundo, fiidi, fisum, 3: to c. 
the ranks of infantry and cavalry, or- 
dines peditum atque equitum ¢., Liv.: 
to c. the senses of body und mind, cor- 
poris atque animi sensusc., Lucr. 2, 
Misceo, permisceo, 2: V. CONFUSION, 
3, turbo, conturbo, I: Vv. TO DIS- 
TURB. I]. Zo disconcert: piidorem 
injicere, etc.: v. TO CONFOUND (ILI.). 
confused (part. : adj.): |. Afized, 
disarranged : 1, confisus: c. feet 
(metrical), c. pedes, Cic.: @ ¢. 
c. oratio, Cic.: @ c. style, c stilus, 
Quint.: the c. ruins of the universe, 
mundi ¢c. ruina, Lucr. 2. perplexus: 
a@ more c. account, perplexior ratio, 
Plin.: c. shapes, p. figurae, Lucr. 3, 
indistinctus (not clearly arranged): @ 
c. defence, in. defensio, ‘Tac. Il. 
Abashed, disco).certed: pudvere oppres- 
sus; pudibundus: metu exanimatus: 
v. TO conFUSE. N.B. lhe word may 
be expr. by p. part. of any verb given 
under TO CONFUSE, 
confusedly: 1. passim: the Nu- 
midians had encamped without order 
and c., Numidae nullis ordinibus p. cons 
sederant, Caes. 2, conliisé: to speak 
c., ¢. loqui, Cic. 3. perplexé- to 
speak c., p. loqui, Ter. 4. pertur- 
baté: Cic. 
confusion: |, Mixture of several 
things: 1. confiisio: c. of religions, 
religionum c., Cic. 2. Usu. better 
expr. by means of verb: as, to intro- 
duce .. amongst the clans, discrimina 
gentium contundere, Liv.. by @ c. of 
meanings, *diversis in unum confusis 
sententiis: V.TOCONEUSE. |], Tumut, 


misére ; 








34 


CONFUTATION 





disorder : 1, confiisio: disorder fol- 
lows, and great c., perturbatio sequitur 
et magna c., Cic. 2. perturbatio: v. 
DISORDER. Very often in phr., to throw 
intoc. (1) misceo, cui, stum and xtum, 
2: to throw everything into c., omnia m., 
Cic.: Vell. (2). permisceo, 2: to throw 
everything into utter c., omnia p., Cic.: 
all laws divine and human are thrown 
tnto c., omnia divina humanaque jura 
permiscentur, Caes. Both words often 
in combination with turbare: as, to 
throw everything into c. and disorder, 





























miscere et turbare omnia, Cic. (3). 
turbo, perturbo, 1: v. supra. Ill. 
Loss of self-possession, shame: 1 


stipor: all were speechless with c., 8. 
silentiumque omnes defixit, Liv. 6, 40, 
init.: cf. ToconrusE (LI.). 2, puidor 
(with something in the context to show 
the degree of shame): to overwhelm a 
person with c., *aliquem pudore defixum 
tenere : V. AMAZEMENT. 

confutation;: réfiitatio: Cic.. con- 
fitatio: Auct. Her. Usu. better expr. 
by verb: v. foll. art. 

confute: 1, confiito, 1: to c. the 
arguments of the Stows, argumenta 
Stwoicorum c., Cie. 2. convinco, vici, 
victuin, 3: toc. the errors of Epicurus, 
c. errores Epicuri, Cic. 8, cbarguo, 
ui, utum, 3: Philo c.d the error of those 
who thought so, Philo errorem eorum, 
qui ita putarunt, coarguit, Cic. To 
these may be added réfiito, répello, ré- 
vinco, and rédarguo: for which see To 
REFUTE. (To con/utea theory is tu show 
its emptiness in itself; to refute it, is 
to reply to what has been said on behalf 
of it.) 

congeal: |. Trans.: congélo, 
1: Varr.: Vitr. 9. glicio (also con- 
glacio), 1: to c. the fullen snow (of the 
action of Jupiter), positas g. nives, Hor, 

8, diiro, indiro, 1: i.e. TO HARDEN, 

q. Vv. [|], Intrans.: 1, congélo, 
I (as pass. or with pron. refl.): v. TO 
FREEZE. 2. concresco, crévi, crétum, 
3: toc. with snow and frost (of water), 
hive pruinaque c., Cic. Fig.: my blood 
c.’d with cold, gelidus concrevit frigore 
sanguis, Virg. 3. consisto, stiti, sti- 
tum, 3: the rivers are c.’d, gelu flumina 
constiterunt (acuto), Hor. 

congealed: concrétus: Liv.: Virg. 

congealing (subs.): concrétio, Cic. 
congélatio: Plin. (Or expr. by gerund.) 

congener: i. ©. a thing of the same 
nature: congéner, eris: Plin. 

congenial: _ 1, consentaneus: v. 
AGREEABLE. 2. concors, cordis (esp. 
of union of feeling): c. souls, c. animae, 
Virg. Phr.: @ person of c. temper, 
*moribus conjunctus et animo; cui 
eadem (ac tibi) cordi sunt: in pl. (boni) 
homines moribus similes: cf. Cic. Off. 
¥, 17. 

congeniality: *mentis animique 
concordia; morum similitudo, Cic. Off. 
I, 17, 56. 

congenital: congénitus : Plin. (used 
by him of hair on a newborn infant). 

conger (eel): conger, gri, m.: Plin.: 
Plaut. 


_ cougeries: 1. congéries, ei, f. 
i.e. a heap, a mass: also used to de- 
note a rhetorical figure, Quint. 8, 4, 3. 
2. cimiilus: v. AccUMULATION. 
congestion: collectiones, Plin. (N.B. 
Collectio is used of gatherings in gene- 
ral.) Plin. uses the verb conglobari to 
denote c. of the blood, (“percussis aut 
ot Sate et ob id sanguine conglo- 
,’ 23, 2, 28) ; but the subs. congloba- 
tio does not appear to occur in this sense. 
couglobate: conglibo, 1: usu. in 
pass.: conglobari, to be c.d (of the earth), 
Cic.: v. TO ROWND. 
conglomerate (v. ¢r.): perh. cSag- 
mento, I: v. TO vomPouND. (Conglé- 
méro is used in senses of to wind in a 
ball, and to accumulate.) _ 
conglomerate (subs.): cdagmen- 
tum: Cato: Caes, 
conglutinate: congliitino, 1: 
CEMENT, GLUE. 
conglutination: conglitinatio: Cic. 
Tare). 


Vv. TO 


| 


CONJECTURE 


congratulate : 1, gratiilor, 1 
(with dat. of person; the matter of con- 
gratulation usu. expressed by de; also 
by acc.; and sometimes by a clause): 
you c. me about my daughter, mihi de 
filia gratularis, Cic.: he c.s him very 
loudly on his victory, ei voce maxima 
victoriam gratulatur, Cic.: he c.d him 
on the recovery of liberty, ei recupera- 
tam libertatem est gratulatus, Cic.: Jc, 
you that the highest credit has attended | 
you, tibi gratulor quod te summa laus 
persecuta est, Cic.: poet. with in/in.: 
Ic. you that your ability has not lain 
hid, tibi g. ingenium non latuisse tuum, 
Ov.: absol.: impious citizens were c.ing 
one another as tf they had conquered, 
inter se impii cives quasi vicissent gra- 
tulabantur, Cic. 2. grator, 1 (with 
dat. or acc.: not in Cic.): I c. myself, 
mihi grator, Ov.: he c.s them on their 
return, gratatur reduces, Virg.: mutu- 
ally c.ing each other, invicem inter se 
gratantes, Liv 8, congratilor, 1: 
i. q. simple verb: Liv. (rare in Cic.). 

congratulation: gratiilatio: to ofer 
c.s, gratulationes facere, habere, Cic.: to 
perform mutual c.s, mutua g. uti, Curt. 
(Congratulatio is rare; and doubtful in 
Cic.) Phr.: all the multitude poured 
out in c., se omnis multitudo gratula- 
bunda effudit, Cic. 

congratulatory: expr. by some 
case of gratulatio. ac. letter, literae gra- 
tulationum plenae, gratulationibus re- 
fertae, etc.; or literae gratulantes, (Gra- 
tulatorius has no good authority, but is 
found in late writers.) Also gratula- 
bundus may be used in sense of highly 
c. (v. supr.). Sometimes in the same 
sense may be used amplissimis (verbis): 
see COMPLIMENTARY. 

congregate: |. Trans.: cogo, 
colligo, congrégo; sometimes with in 
unum: Vv, TO GATHER TOGETHER. Il. 
Intrans.: same verbs (esp. congrego), 
in pass., or with pron. refl.: v. TO 
GATHER TOGETHER. Also convolo, I: v. 
TO FLOCK TOGETHER, ASSEMBLE. 

congregation: i. e. an assembly. 
esp. religious: coetus, tis: cf. Cic, Sen. 
23, 85: V. ASSEMBLY, ar 

congregational: Phr-.: c. singing, 
*publicus Christiani coetus concentus (?). 

congress: 1, conventus, tis: cf. 
Liv. 38, 30 (but the term is applied to 
various kinds of meetings: the Greek 
congress at Thermopylae is called both 
conventus and concilium; Liv.). Dy 
concilium: sumetimes joined with con- 
ventus: v. Forcell. s.v. Phr.: the ¢ 
of the U. States, sena\us foederatarum ci- 
vitatum (?): the members of a c., legati; 
vr in some cases, senatores, 


congruity : convénientia, consensus, 
concordia: ¥. AGREEMENT. Phr.: there 
is no c. between these things, *nibil 
omnino haec inter se congruunt: v. To 
AGREE. 

congruous: congruens, congruus, 
convéniens: V. AGREEABLE, FIT. 

conic, conical: expr. by a case of 
mé@ta or conus: a@ conical hill, collis in 
modum metae in acutum cacumen [a 
fundo satis lato} fastigiatus (al. fastiga- 
tus), Liv. 37, 27: or coni [metae) for- 
mam habens. As math. ¢. ¢.: cOnicus: 
Plin.: c. sections, sectiones c., M. L. 

coniferous: conifer: Virg. : cOniger: 

at. 

conjectural : 1, in conjectiira 
positus: Cic. (Not conjecturalis; which 
has a technical sense): *de conjectura 
pendens, quod in conjecturis totum est, 
etc.: a c. emendation, *emendatio quae 
conjectura sola nititur. 2. odpina- 
bilis: Cic.: applicable, like the former, 
to things which rest upon probable not 
demonstrative evidence. 

conjecturally: (ex) conjectiira ; 
quantum in conjectura est; quod con- 
jectura fieri potest: v. foll. art. 

conjecture (subs.) : 1. conjectiira 
(of opinion formed on probable grounds) : 
to form a c. (draw a probable conclu- 
ston), c. facere, capere, Cic.: Ter. 2. | 
Spinatio Cic. (But neither of these |" 
words is precisely equiv. to the English: | 





CONNECT 


V. INFERENCE.) Phr.: to form a ec, 
conjecto, 1:—conjecturam facere: au- 
guror, 1: v. foll. art. 

conjecture (v.): 1, augiiror, 1 
(v. TO AUGUR): as far as I can co 
quantum ego opinione auguror, Cic, 

2, conjecto, 1 (i.e. draw probable 

inferences): to c. about a thing buried 
in antiquity, rem vetustate obrutam 
Liv.: he c.d (inferved) that Fabius 
Valens had started from the city, Fablum 
Valentem profectum ab urbe conjecta- 
bat, Tac. 3, conjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 
(of which conjecto is freg.): you are 
sixty years old or more, as I ¢., annos 
sexaginta natus es, aut plus, ut conjicio, 
Ver.: I at once c.d that you had been 
at Lanuvium, cito conjeci Lanuvii te 
fuisse, Céc. 4, conjecturam facere, 
capere ; conjectura assequi, consequi, 
Cic.: v. preced. art, 5, colligo, légi, 
lectum, 3: to gather, infer: q. v. 

conjoin: conjungo, jungo, cdpiilo, 
etc.: V. TO JOIN, UNITE. 

conjoint (24j.): Phr.: byc. labour, 
*communi S. consociata opera : they were 
unable by their c. efforts to break the 
tron bars, *universi totis viribus niten- 
tes vectes ferreos frangere nequibant, 


_ conjointly: ina, conjuncté, con- 
Junctim: v. TOGETHER. All c., uni- 
versi: Vv. ALL. 

conjugal,; 1, conjiigalis,e: Tac. 


Aug. (conjiigialis, Ov.). 2. sdcialis, 
e: c. love, s. amor, Ov.: the c couch, 
8. torus, Ov.; see alsonupTIAL. Phr. 
c. fidelity, fides marita, Prop.: c. love, 
*conjugum amor: c. relation, perb. ma- 
trimonium : ef. Tac. Ger. 18: c. tokens, 
matrimonii auspicia, ib. 
conjugally : conjiigaliter: Aug. 
conjugate: in grammar: déclino ,1: 
used in Varro of every kind of inflexion. 
£ conjugation: in grammar; *conjiig- 
atio: M. L. 
conjunction: |. Meeting, com- 
bination: expr. by phr.: this c. of cir- 
cumstances was every way favourable 
to him, haec omnia ei prorsus opportuna 
erant: cf. Sall. Cat. 16, fin. ff, In 
astronomy : 1. concursus, iis: the c. 
of the moon and sun, \unae et solis Cc 
Cels. 2. conventus, ts: the c. of 
two stars, c. duarum stellarum, Sen. 
Ill, In grammar: conjunctio; a 
connective ¢., c. connexiva, Gell. ; copu- 
lativa, Mare.: ¢.s disjunctive, c. disjunc- 
tivae, Charis. 
conjunctive: in grammar: the c. 
or subjunctive mood, *conjunctivus or 
subjunctivus modus. 
conjuncture: 1, tempestas: freq. 
in Sall. 2. tempus, tempora (pl.); 
often used by Cic. of dificult times: in 
summo et periculosissimo reip. tempore, 
Flac. 3, 6: and comp. consunction (L). 
8. discrimen, inis, n.: v. CRISIS. 
conjuration: |. Of magic: cantus, 
carmen: V, SORCERY, SPELL, If mere 
tricks ure meant, praestigiae, arum: Y. 
JUGGLERY. Il. Harnest entreaty : ob- 
secratio, obtestatio, etc. : v. ENTREATY,. 
conjure: |. To beseech solemnly: 
1. obtestor, 1: Ic. you by all the 
gods, per omnes deos te obtestor, Cic.: 
also with obsecro: vos obtestor atque 
obsecro, Cic. 9. obsecro, dro: v. To 
BESEECH. I]. Zo practise conjuring : 
1, fascino, 1: v. TO BEWITCR. =: 
cano, incanto: v. TO ENCHANT. If only 
the performance of tricks is meant, 
praestigiis uti: v. suGGLE. Phr.: to 
c. up, Glicio; esp. used of raising the 
manes: in facetious sense, to c. up @ 
story (lie), *nugas commenticias effin- 
ere. 
conjurer : ], praestigiator: Pl. 
2. magus: Hor.: or perh. better, 
qui magicas artes, mMayicam, magicen 
adhibet, exercet: v. MAGIC. 
connate: innatus, insitus, ingénitus: 
Vv. INNATE. 
connect: 1, :onnecto, nexui, 
nexum, 3 (with cum inter and pron, 
reflect., or dat.): to c. friendship with 


pleasure, amicitiam cum voluptate c., 


Cic.: all things are c.’d and fitted to 
one another, omnia inter se connexa et 
147 


CONNECTED 





apta sunt, Cic.: he was preparing to c. 
the Moselle and the Saone by a canal, 
Mosellam atque Ararim, facta inter 
utrumque fossa c. parabat, Tac. PA. 
copilo, 1 (constr. usu. with cum): Zo c. 
(lit. to tie together) virtue and pleasure, 
like a man and a beast, honestatem 
cum voluptate, tanquam hominem cum 
bellua c., Cic.: v. TO UNITE. 3, con- 
jungo- v. To JOIN. 4, contexo, xui, 
textum, 3 (to frame together): these 
beams were c.’d by timber placed length- 
wise upon them, haec tigna, directa ma- 
terie injecta, contexebantur, Caes.: to 
c. the last with the jirst, extrema cum 
primis c., Cic.; Quint. 5, sero, sérui, 
sertum, 3 (of things arranged in suc- 
cessiun, esp. in philosoph. sense): the wn- 
changeable succession of human affairs 
is c.’d by the law of fate, tati lege im- 
mobilis rerum humanarum ordo seritur, 
Liv.: cause c..d with cause, causa 
causam serens, Cic. 6, applico, 1 
(with ad or dat.): v. TO ATTACH. e 
colligo, 1 (bind together): all things 
are adapted to and c.’d with one an- 
other, res omnes inter se aptae colliga- 
taeque sunt, Cic. Phr.: to be joined 
and c.’d by a bridge (of two parts of a 
town), ponte adjungi et contineri, Cic. : 
c.’d with any one in intimate friendship, 
familiari amicitia alicui illigatus, Liv.: 
Cic.; also implicatus, conjunctus, Cic.: 
c.'d closely or intimately together, con- 
juncti inter se atque implicati, Cic. : 
Caes.: L. Gallus lived so long that he 
was intimately c.’d with orators af many 
ages, L. Gallus ita diu vixit ut multarum 
aetatum oratoribus implicaretur, Cic. 
See also foll. art. 

connected : 1, conjunctus, im- 
plicatus, etc.: v. preced. art. OF 
aptus: to separate things that are c., 
apta dissolvere, Cic.: virtue with which 
ts closely c. duty, honestum ex quo 
aptum est officium, Cic. 3. pro- 
pior (more closely c.: with dat.) : more 
closely c. with the case, causae propiora, 
Cic. (also adjunctiora, Cic.). 
» to be: 1. contingo, tigi, 
tactum, 3 (with acc.): to be c. with any 
one by blood and race, aliquem sanguine 
ac genere c., Liv. 2. inhaereo, si, 
sum, 2 (to be intimately or vitally c.: 
with dat., or in and abl.): virtues are 
always closely c. with pleasures, vir- 
tutes semper voluptatibus in. Cic. 3, 
cOhaereo, 2 (with like sense: constr. with 
cum and abl.; or absol.): what is said 
is consistent and closely c. with the case, 
illa quae dicuntur congruunt et c. cum 
causa, Cic.: Quint.: the universe is so 
fitly and closely c. (in all its parts) that 
it can by no means be separated except 
by the same being who bound it together, 
mundus ita apte c. ut dissolvi nullo 
modo queat nisi ab eodem a quo est 
colligatus, Cic. 4. subjaceo, 2: a 
case with which very many suits are c., 
causa cui plurimae s. lites, Quint. 

connectedly: Phr.: he spoke c., 
*ita locutus est ut omnia inter se apte 
cohaererent (comp. Hor. A. P. 195); 
serie verborum apte continuata locutus 
est. 

connexion: Jf. Connectedness, con- 
junction : 1, colligatio (linking to- 
gether): c. of all causes, c. causarum 
omnium, Cic. 2. contextus, tis (lit. a 
‘raming together ; hence of the connect- 
edness of a system, etc.): there is a 
wonderful c. between the parts of their 
(the Stoics’) system, mirabilis est apud 
illos c. rerum, Cic.: c. of things and 
words, ¢c. rerum et verborum, Quint. 

8. conjunctio: the c. of letters with 
one another, literarum inter se c., Quint. : 
of logical c.: Cic. 4, séries, Gi (usu. 
concrete: the thingsso connected): there 
is a marvellous c. between things, est ad- 
mirabilis quaedam continuatio seriesque 
rerum, Cic. N. D. 1, 4, jin. (see the pas- 
sage). 5, continuatio: used by Cic. 
with series: v. supr. 6, sdciétas: v. 
infr. (IL. 3). 7, ratio: i.e. relation 
to: what c. of peace can there be with 
the man ? pacis quae potest cum eo esse 
r.? Cic. Phr.: having ac. with, con- 
148 





CONQUER 





nexus, conjunctus, etc.: to bring about 
ac. between things, colligare, consociare, 
etc. : Vv. TO CONNECT: these things have 
avery close c. with each other, *mirum 
in modum haec inter se cohaerent. ff, 
Intimacy, arising from affinity, friend- 
ship, ete. : 1, nécessitiido, inis, f. : 
to form ac. with any one, n. cum aliquo 
conjungere, Cic.: to have some c. or re- 
lationship with any one, habere cum 
aliquo aliquam n, aut cognationem, Cic. 
2. familiaritas (intimate ¢.): v. 
FRIENDSHIP. 8, sdciétas: noc. with 
tyrants, nulla s. cum tyrannis, Cic. 
Fig.: thec. of dignity with refinement, 
8. gravitatis cum humanitate, Cic. 4, 
affinitas (by marriage): to form a c. 
by marriage, af. jJungere cum aliquo, 
Liv.; contrahere, Vell.; venire in, Cic. 
Miscell. phr.: we have no c. with 
you, tecum nil rei nobis, Ter.: he pro- 
mised that thereafter he would have no 
c. with that actress, pollicitus est sibi 
cum illa mima posthac nihil futurum 
esse, Cic.: the death of Agrippa brought 
Nero into closer c. with Caesar, mors 
Agrippae admovit propius Nerovem 
Caesari, Vell.: bu c. and intermarriages 
(of a state), annexu connubiisque, Tac. : 
what is my c. with Caesar? quae mibi 
est ratio et causa cum Caesare? Cic.: 
to speak without c., hiantia loqui, Cic. 
II]. Concrete: a c. by marriage : 
affinis: Cic. Phr.: in choosing mar- 
riage c.s, caution must be used, in con- 
ditionibus deligendis ponendus calculus 
est, Plin. ep. 
gfonnective (adj.): connexivus : 
ell. 


connivance: Pbhr.: with your c., 
te connivente: this speech shows c. with 
guilt, *haec oratio est hominum in 
scelere conniventium, sceleri indulgen- 
tium: see Nag. p. 93. 

connive at: _ 1, conniveo, 2 (with 
in and abl.): O immortal Gods! why 
do you sometimes c. at the greatest wick- 
ednesses of men? Pro dii immortales! 
cur interdum in hominum sceleribus 
maximis connivetis ? Cic. 9, dissim- 
tilo, 1: there are some who c. at what 
they see, nonuulli sunt, qui ea quae vi- 
dent, d., Cic. 8, indulgeo, si, 2 (with 
dat. of person or thing; acc. of neut. 
pro.: L. G. § 253): Iced at his doing 
this, *hoc ei indulsi: v. TO INDULGE. 

connoisseur: 1. existimator (i.e. 
judge): a good c., doctus et intelligens 
ex., Cic. 2. intelligens: used both 
as adj. and subs.: a c. (in works of 
art), homo ingeniosus atque intelligens 
(as opp. to ordinary persons, idiotae), 
Cic. Verr. 4, 2, 4: the judgment of c.s, 
intelligentium judicium, Cic. Phr.: c.s, 
studiosi harum rerum (i. e. of works of 
art), Cic.: what a c.in beauty! quam 
elegans formarum spectator! Ter. See 
also CRITIC, JUDGE. (N.B. Such expr. 
as peritus; qui callet; rem cognitam 
habet, ete., denote rather knowledge 
of a thing than the faculty of judging 
others.) 

connubial: expr. by gen. of con- 
nubium. as, ¢c. rights, connubii (ma- 
trimonii) jura: connubialis is found in 
Ov. See cONJUGAL. 

conquer: 1, vinco, vici, victum, 
3: in most senses of the English: to ec. 
Gaul in war, Galliam bello y., Caes.: 
to c.in naval battles, navalibus pugnis 
v., Cic. Fig.: to be c.’d by entreaties 
and tears, precibus lacrimisque vinci, 
Liv.: shame c.’d by love, victus amore 
pudor, Ov. 2, devinco, 3: stronger 
than the simple verb: to c. completely : 
Caes.: Cic. 8. stipéro, 1: i.e. to be 
superior to: V. TO OVERCOME. 4, 
como, éddmo, stiblgo: v. TO SUBDUE. 

5, débello, 1: stronger than the 
English: to overthrow in war: Virg.: 
Tac. 6, To obtain by conquest : bello 
capere, potiri; armis capere, etc.: v. TO 
CAPTURE, POSSESSION, TO GAIN. Phr.: 
to own oneself c.’d, dare manus, Hor. : 
our armies have been c.’d by Viriathus, 
Viriatho exercitus nostri cesserunt, Cic. : 
to c. passions, cupiditates coercére, fran- 
gere, Cic.: in this baltle our men con- 


CONSCIENTIOUSNESS 





quered, in hoc proelio nostri superiores 
fuerunt, Caes. 

conqueress: V. CONQUEROR. 

conquering (@4dj.): victor (of a 
man); fem. or.neut. victrix: v. VICTO- 
rious. (N.b. Not vincens.) 

conqueror: 1. victor, fem. vic- 
trix: the c. of all nations, omnium 
gentium victor, Caes. Fig. (rare): c. 
over lust, libidinis v., Sall. 2. dém- 
itor: c. of Troy, Vrojae d., Hor. Phr.: 
to be the c., vinco, supero, etc.: v. TO 
CONQUER: C¢. Of one’s passions, *cupidi- 
tatum potens (Vv. MASTER); qui eas co- 
ercere potest. 

conquest: Phr.: to extend the em- 
pire by c., *victis ac domitis gentibus 
imperium proferre; imperium armis 
proferre: the c.s of Caesar, *qnae Cae- 
saris victoriis parta erant: the ¢.s of 
Trajan were afterwards lost, *cesserunt 
postea Romani ab iis regionibus quas 
Trajanus bello ceperat: a war of c¢., 
bellum ad aliam gentem domandam, im- 
perii proferendi causa, susceptum: to 
hold by right of c., *bello captuin (op- 
pidum, etc.) tenere ; jure victoris tenere. 

consanguineous: consanguineus, 
sanguine conjunctus: Vv, COGNATE, KIN- 
DRED. 

consanguinity:  consanguinitas 
(rare): strictly of brothers; but also 
used in wider sense: Liv.: Virg. Phr.: 
claims of c., sanguinis jura, Hor.: c. 
by father's and by mother's side, pater- 
nus maternusque sanguis, Cic. 

conscience : conscientia (often with 
animi or mentis, to show that the faculty 
is meant): great is the pover of ¢., 
magna vis est conscientiae, Cic.: to take 
to oneself the comfort of a good c., con- 
solari se conscientia optimae mentis, 
Cic.; who has also, praeclara c.: a bad 
(guilty) c., mala c,, Sall.: the plural is 
often used esp. in bad sense: bad re- 
jlections and an evil c., malae cogita- 
tiones conscientiaeque animi, Cic. : 
struck by a guilty c., maleticii consci- 
entia perterritus, Cic.: remorse of c., 
angor conscientiae, Cic.: the word is 
neutral, but occurs oftener in bad than 
in good sense: stains on one's c., con- 
scientiae labes, Cic. Phr.: @ good c., 
mens conscia recti, Virg.: those who 
feel the terrors of a guilty c., diri quos 
conscia facti mens habet attonitos [et 
occulto verbere torquet], Juv.: to keep 
a goo ¢c., nil conscire (=conscium esse) 
sibi, Hor.: cases of ¢., *res dubiae: to 
make a ¢. of doing something, *aliquid 
diligentissime observare et facere: he 
had no c., nulla (ei) religio (erat), Liv. 
(of Hannibal): J have no-scruple of c. 
tn saying, nulla mihi religio est dicere, 
Ter. (see SCRUPLE): @ scruple of c. about 
Jalsehood, religio mendacii, Liv. 

conscientious: 1, réligidsus (with 
ref. to some religious motive; as an 
oath): a nation not at all c.in giving 
evidence, natio minime in testimoniis 
dicendis r., Cic.: a ¢. judge, r. judex, 
Quint.: (but in gen. sense religiosus 
usu. implies censure: “ oportet religen- 
tem esse non religioswm,” Cic.). A) 
sanctus: of general integrity: v. Mo- 
RAL, IRREPROACHABLE, Phr.: the c. 
keeping of a promise, of an oath, *fides 
ac religio promissi, jurisjurandi. 

conscientiously : 1, bona fide : 
Cic. (who adds, et citra fraudem). 2H 
religiOsé (of evidence, oaths, etc.): to give 
evidence c., testimonium r. dicere, Cic. 

3. (in gen. sense) sancté: to behave 

most c., 8€ sanctissime gerere, Cic. : 


Quint. 4, (of a duty) diligenter: y. 
CAREFULLY, . 
conscientiousness: 1, fides, éi, 


J. (usu. with bona or some other adj.) : 





a man of ancient virtue and c., homo 
antiqua virtute ac f., Ter.: a very up- 
right man, of remarkable c., vir aequis- 
simus, singulari f., Cic.: to be done with 
c., bona f. et citra fraudem fieri, Cic. 

2, réligio (esp. with ref. to oaths or 
testimony): c. in giving advice, r. in 
consilio dando, Cic.: c. in giving evi- 
dence, testimoniorum r, et fides, Cic.: ¢. 


in doing one’s duty, r. officii, Cic. 3 











CONSCIOUS 





sanctitas: i.e. generally leg cha- 
yacter, integrity: q.v. Phwx.: such 
great c., tanta officia, Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 
99: how great was his c.! *quanta ejus 
in omni genere officia (erant)! See 
Nag. p. 43. 

conscious: |. Aware of one’s own 
existence: (a) in philos, sense: con- 
scius: Cartes. 1, 8 (cf. CONSCIOUSNESS) : 
or expr. by verb: as, we are c. beings, 
*ea conditione nati sumus ut nostri ip- 
sorum sensum habeamus (?): we must 
needs be c. of our own sensations, *aliter 
fieri non potest quam ut sensus nostros 
ipsi sentiamus. (6) in ordinary lan- 
guage: capable of feeling ; sensu prae- 
ditus, qui sensum habet, Cic. He was 
still c., *etiam tum sui (mentis) compos 
erat: (but compos mentis usu. signifies 
possession of one’s veason, not simple 
sensibility): she had fainted away and 
was no er c., *collapsa erat nec jam 
sentiebat. I]. With ref. to particular 
conduct; esp. bad conduct: conscius 
(usu. with dat. of pron. reflect. and gen. 
of thing): c. of no fault, sibi nullius 
culpae c., Cic.: a mind c. of rectitude, 
mens sibi c. recti, Virg.: J am c. that 
I have never been too desirous of life, 
mihi sum c. nunquam me nimis cupi- 
dum vitae fuisse, Cic. Phr.: to be c. 
of nothing (wrong), to grow pale from 
no fault, nil conscire sibi, nulla palles- 
cere culpa, Hor.: v. AWARE, TO BE. 

consciously: expr. by adj.: pri- 
dens, sciens: Vv. UNCONSCIOUSLY. 

consciousness: |, In phil. sense; 
cognizance of what passes within us: 
*conscientia; “cogitationis nomine illa 
omnia quae nobis consctis in nobis sunt 
(i. e. which fall within our c.), quatenus 
eorum in nobis conscientia est,’”’ Cartes. 
1, 8: cf. Sir W. Hamilton, R. p. 764. 

I]. Sensation: Phr.: Sextius lost 

¢., Teliquit animus Sextium, Cic. : to lose 
c., *animi deliquium pati; intermori et 
sensus expertem fieri: v. TO FAINT 
AWAY. I]. With ref. to some action 
or conduct; conscientia: the c. of avery 
noble action, c. pulcherrimi facti, Cic. : 
the c. of a well-spent life, c. bene actae 
vitae, Cic. Phr.: Ihave thec. of, etc., 
mihi conscius sum, etc., foll. by gen. of 
subs. or by clause: v. CONSCIOUS. 

conscript: i. e. a recruit: novus 
miles, tiro: v. RECRUIT. 

conscription (of soldiers): délectus, 
Us: Vv. LEVY. 

consecrate: 1, consecro, 1: all 
Sicily ts c.d to Ceres, tota Sicilia Cereri 
consecrata est, Cic. 2, sacro, 1: altars 
c.d to Jupiter and to the Sun, arae Jovi 
et Soli sacratae, Liv.: to c. the laurel to 
Phoebus, laurum Phoebo s., Virg. Bt 
Inaugiiro, 1 (properly by taking the 
auguries): V TO INAUGURATE. 4. 
dedico, dico, 1: v. TO peproaTE. Phr. 
you might have c.d my house, tu meam 
domum religiosam facere potuisti, Cic. 
(N.B. The ceremony of consecration must 
be expr. by dedico: consecro and sacro 
denote the act of setting apart as holy, 
in whatever way: v. TO DEVOTE.) 

consecrated; sicer, sacratus; au- 
gustus: v. SACRED. 

consecration: consecratio, dédi- 
catio: Cic.: the former denoting the set- 
ting apart as sacred generally; the 
latter, a formal dedication; esp. by a 
magistrate. Or expr. by verb: to at- 
tend to the c. of a temple, templo de- 
dicando operam dare: v. TO DEDICATE: 
to receive c. with full rites, *more sol- 
lemni consecrari, etc. 

consecutive: 1, continuus: for 
nearly jifty c. years, annos prope quin- 
quaginta continuos, Cic. 5 continu- 
atus ; words joined together and c., verba 
conjuncta et c., Cic. 8, continens : 
v. continous. Phr.: ten c. days 
is he speechless, bis quinos dies silet, 
Virg. 

consecutively: 1. ordine, in o7 ex 
ordine, per ordinem: v. ORDER, IN. Q, 
oontinenter ; vy. CONTINUOUSLY. Phr.: 
he then got one magistracy after another 
¢., deinde ab eo magistratu alium post 
alium sibi peperit, Sall. 





CONSEQUENTLY 


consent (subs.): consensus, con- 
sensio: V. AGREEMENT. Isp. in certain 
phr.: to give one’s c., permitto (ut): v. 
TO ALLOW : without my c., me invito: to 
do anything with the c. of the people, 
secundo populo aliquid facere, Cic.: 
with any one’s (full) c., voluntate ali- 
cujus, Cic.: v. APPROVAL. 
consent (v.): 1, annuo, ui, itum, 
3 (prob. not in Cic. with this meaning: 
Vv. TO ASSENT): he c.d to accept the 
friendship of the Romans, amicitiam 
Romanorum accipere annuit, Liv.: hav- 
ing c.d to come, quum annuisset se ven- 
turum, Liv. Q, volo, ir7.: Vv. WILLING, 
TO BE. 3, accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 
(to c. to: before a subs.): toc. to terms, 
conditionem a., Ter.: toc toa trial 
(on challenge), a. judicium, Cic.: when 
I cheerfully c.'d thereto, id cum libenter 
accepissem, Nep. Hann. 2. 4. patior, 
passus, 3: this I readily c. to, quod 
patior facile, Cic. Phr.: to refuse to 
c., nolo, répugno, etc.; Vv. TO REFUSE: 
I for my part c., per me licet (often 
ironical), Cic.: to ec. to conditions, in 
conditiones concedere, Liv.; ad condi- 
tiones accedere, Cic.; also descendere 
(implying concession), Caes.: I c. to 
death, non deprecor mortem, Sall. (so 
it may often be expr. by such verbs as 
repugno, recuso, etc., and non). 
consentaneous: consentaneus: vy. 
AGREEABLE, CONFORMABLE, 
consequence: |, That which fol- 
lows from any cause: 1, consécitio : 
the mere withdrawal of pain has plea- 
sure as @¢., ipsa detractio molestiae c. 
affert voluptatis, Cic. 2. conséquens, 
tis, n. (only in pi. in this sense): veason, 
by which (man) sees c.s, ratio, per quam 
consequentia cernit, Cic. 38, consé- 
quentia (only in certain connexions: the 
precise meaning being sequence or con- 
nexion): by c., per ¢., Quint.; per con- 
sequentias, Ulp. 4, exitus, iis: v. 
ISSUE. 5, €ventum or éventus, is. 
to investigate the c.s of things rather 
than the causes, eventa rerum magis 
quam causas quaerere, Cic.: the c.s of 
crime, sceleris eventus ii qui sequuntur, 
Cic.: v. EFFECT, RESULT. Phr.: to 
know the cs of anything, scire quae 
(ex aliqua re) eventura sint, Cie. : the c. 
of this is, ex his efficitur,, consequitur 
v. TO FOLLOW: inc. of, ex, propter, prae 
(of a preventing cause): v. ACCOUNT 
OF, ON 3 FOR. I]. A logical inference : 
1. concliisio, Cic.: v. CONCLUSION. 
2. conséquens, ntis, m.: when any 
c. (conclusion) is false, cum c. aliquod 
falsum sit, Cic. (Not consecutio, which 
signifies a particular kind of argument : 
Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73.) Phr.: when the c. 
is clear, quum id perspicuum est quod 
conficiatur ex ratiocinatione, Cic. l. c. 
(in the same passage § 74, exitus is 
used of a logical conclusion, but not in 
formal sense). — |||, /mportance: Phr.: 
it is of no c., nihil réfert: it is of great 
c., Magni interest; of very great c., 
maximi momenti: v. IMPORTANCE’ (for 
constr. of interest see L. G. § 283): a 
thing of no c., res parva, lévis: v. TRI- 
FLING: @ man of c., homo auctoritate 
praeditus (summa); homo illustris, po- 
tens, opibus florens: v. INFLUENTIAL, 
IMPORTANT. 
consequent (a4j.): 1, conséquens, 
ntis: to show that an intended conclu- 
sion is not c., demonstrari aliquid non 
effici ex praepositis, nec esse c., Cic. 
2. consectarius: but this ts by no 
means (logically) c., itlud vero minime 
c., Cic. 8, consectaneus: Arnob. 
consequent (subs.): in logic: con- 
séquens : V. CONSEQUENCE one 
consequential : I, In logical 
sense: Vv. preced. art. Il. Pompous : 
(multum sibi) arrdgans, sibi placens: v. 
ARROGANT, CONCEITED, 
conseqauentially : I. Logical : 
ex praepositis, Cic.; conséquenter, 
Hier, Il. Pompously : stiperbé, cum 
(summa) arrogantia: Vv, HAUGHTILY. 
consequently : proptérea, ergo, 
igitur, itaque: v. THEREFORE. Or expr. 
by phr.; as, it is c. false, sequitur ut 














| Liv. 


CONSIDERABLE 





falsum sit, Cic.: v. TO FoLLow. (N.B, 
‘The per consequens of M. L. is unclas- 
sical.) 

conservation: | hr.: forthec. of 
liberty, conservandae libertatis, Sall.: v. 
PRESERVATION. 

conservative: quod ad res ser- 
vandas, conservandas pertinet: v. To 
PRESERVE: to pursue a c, policy, *rei- 
publicae statum mutari probibere; in 
remp. conservandam incumbere; a re- 
bus novis (novandis) abhorrere. As 
subs.: *qui res veteres novis potiores 
ducit, etc. 

conservator : servator, conservator: 
V. PRESERVER. 

conservatory: *clausum : Quich. ; 
hibernacula plantarum: Kr.: ‘*hortus 
clausus, viridarium clausum (7) 

conserve; conservo: v. TO PRE- 


SERVE, 
conserves : CoL: v. 
|. To reflect: 1 


PRESERVES, 
consider: ; 
cOgito, 1 (the most gen. term); c. well 
in what a calamitous situation you are, 
fac cogites in quanta calamitate sis, 
Sall.: Cic.: v, TO THINK, REFLECT. Q, 
considéro, 1 (differs from cogito in being 
often transitive: from contemplor, in 
that it usu. denotes thought as prepara- 
tory to action: V. TO CONTEMPLATE, 
syn.): c. in your minds, considerate 
cum vestris animis, Cic.: see (o it again, 
and c. what you are doing, videas etiam 
atque etiam atque consideres quid agas, 
Cie. 3. Agito, 1 (to turn a thing over 
in the mind): to c.a matter to oneself, 
aliquid secum a., Ter.: also very often 
with in mente, animo: Cie. 4, con- 
templor, 1 (implying a steady gaze. of 
the eyes or the mind): joined with (2): 
considerare et c. aliquid, Cic.: v. To 
OBSERVE. 5, expendo, di, sum, 3 (te 
weigh): to c. and judge of things, res 
ex. aique existimare, Cic. (so also per- 
pendo, Cic.): v. TO WEIGH, PONDER. 
6, circumspicio, spexi, spectum, 3 
(to look carefully about one): very many 
things require to be c.’d in law-suits, 
permulta sunt in causis circumspicienda, 
Cic. We also find intueor, contueor; 
perlustro, collustro, of attentive cousi- 
deration (See TO LOOK INTO), oF survey 
(q. v.). Phr.: to c. posterity, posteri- 
tatis rationem habere, Cie. N.B. The 
above verbs are very often supplemented 
with mente, animo, cogitatione, ete. 
|l. Yo take into consideration (esp. 
of a deliberative body): 1, délibéro, 
1. the deputation said that when they 
had c.’d the matter they would return to 
Caesar, legati dixerunt se, re deliberata, 
ad Caezarem reversuros, Caes.: the 
matter is c.’d in the council, deliberatur 
in concilio de re, Caes.: v. TO DELIBE- 
RATE. 2, igo, gi, actum, 3: esp. 
impers.: when Catiline’s conspiracy 
was being c.'d in the senate, quum de 
Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia, 
Suet.: v. TO piscuss; and (l1.). Ill. 
To have vegard jor: 1, respicio, 
spexi, spectum, 3: c. the old age of 
Fabricius, respicite (jJudices) Fabricii 
senectutem, Cic.: to c. one’s own well- 
being, suam salutem r., Cic.: Ter. 2, 
rationem habeo: v. CONSIDERATION (II.). 
Phr.: not toc. expense, *sumptui nihil 
parcere. IV. To look upon a thing 
in acertain light : 1, diico, xi, ctum, 
3 (with prep. or dat. of result: see 
L. G. § 297): to c.a thing as of no wm- 
portance, pro nibilo aliquid d., Cic.: lo 
c. anyone an enemy, aliquem in numero 
hostium d., Cic.: toc. a thing a merit, 
aliquid laudi d., Nep. 2. hiibeo, 2 
(constr, same as duco): to c. anyone 
an enemy, a friend, aliquem pro hoste, 
pro amico h., Cic. ; also, hostium in nu- 
mero, Caes.: whom the Egyptians c. it 
wrong to name, quem Agyptii nefas bh. 
nominare, Cic. 8, niiméro, 1: Vv. TO 
RECKON. 
considerable: i.e. moderately large: 
1, Aliquantus: ac. number, a. nu- 
merus, Sall.: ac. distance, a. spatium, 
very often in neut, as subs.: a 
c. quantity of gold, aliquantum auri 
149 


conditiirae : 


CONSIDERABLY 


see L.G. § 270. 9. May be expr. 
by satis and an adj. : a mound of earth 
of c. size, tumulus terrenus, satis gran- 
dis, Caes.: c. wealth, divitiae satis mag- 
nae, Cic.: with c. danger, satis cum peri- 
culo, Cic, 8, bonus (with such subs. 
as pars): ac. part of manicind, b. pars 
hominum, Hor.: strengthened with 
Qiagnus: as, bona magnaque pars, Ter. 
Phr.: to a c. degree, aliquantum: v. 
CONSIDERABLY. 
considerably: 1. aliquanto, ali- 
quantum : the former csp. (but not ex- 
clusively) with comparatives : c. better, 
aliquanto melius, Cic.; but also ali- 
quantum amplior, Liv.: the speech af- 
fected them c., movit aliquantum (eos) 
oratio, Liv. 2. multum (more posi- 
tive than aliquantum): v. MUCH. 
considerate (adj.): |. Cautious: 
1, considératus: a deliberate and 
c. judye, lentus et c. judex, Cic. Join 
also tardus et c.; c. et sapiens, Cic.: v. 
CIRCUMSPECT, 2. pridens, entis: v. 
SAGACIOUS, THOUGHTFUL. |], Thought- 
fully kind : uo single word: perh. con- 
sideratus atque humanus: J recognise 
your c. conduct towards me, *agnosco 
istam in me humanitatem atque dilig- 
entiam. 
considerately: |. With circum- 
spectness : considératé, cauté, prudenter : 
Vv. CIRCUMSPECTLY, JUDICIOUSLY. Il. 
With thoughtful kindness: Phr.: to 
act c. towards anyone, *humanum ac 
diligentem se praebere in aliquem ; see 
preced. art. 
considerateness: prob. only of 
thoughtjul kindness : (?) cura atque hu- 
manitas: in some cases diligentia alone : 
V. ATTENTION. 
consideration: |. The act of con- 
idering : 1, considératio: the c. of 
nature, c. naturae, Cic. 9. contem- 
platio: this ts a subject most deserving 
of great and careful c., haec res est 
magna et diligente c. dignissima, Cic. 
8, circumspectio (careful looking 
about one): Cic. Or expr. by verb: v. 
TO CONSIDER. Phr.: c. is needed in 
choosing marriage connexions, in con- 
ditionibus deligendis ponendus calculns 
est, Plin. Ep. II. Regard: 1, ratio 
(usu. with gen. and after hibeo): to have 
c. for the wounded and sick, sauciorum 
et aegrorum r. habere, Cic.: to have no 
c. for anyone's dignity or convenience, 
alicujus vel dignitatis vel commodi r. 
non habere, Cie. 2. respectus, tis: to 
show c. for any thing : alicujus rei r. hab- 
ere, Cic. (also of persons, ad aliquem, 
Cic..): v. REGARD, RESPECT. 
c. of, out of c. for: the former may be 
expr. by propter, ergo: as, in c. of dis- 
tinguished service, singularis meriti ergo, 
egregia propter merita: v. ACCOUNT OF, 
on: the latter, often by dat.: as, the 
past he says he forgives out of c. for his 
brother Divitiacus, praeterita Divitiaco 
fratri se condonare dicit, Caes.: Cic.: 
so with remitto, Cic.: also expr. by gra- 
tia: = for the sAKE of (q.v). |], Deli- 
beration: there is need of careful c., 
consulto opus est, Sall.: the subs. deli- 
beratio is also used: v. DELIBERATION. 
IV. Some degree of importance: 
1, honestas: deprived of his c., 
honestate spoliatus, Cic.: a favourer of 
the rabble from hatred of the c. enjoyed 
by others, fautor infimi generis hominum 


odio alienae h., Liv. 2. auctoritas: 
Vv. INFLUENCE. 3, amplitido: v. 
DISTINCTION. V. Ground : 


ratio: there are not wanting in this 
place an abundance of c.s (reasons), non 
deest hoc loco copia rationum, Cic.: to 
this resolution, the following c., along 
with other reasons, brought them, ad 
eam sententiam, cum reliquis causis, 
haec quoque r. eos deduxit, Caes. 2. 
Expr. by neut. of adj.; esp. in pb. : 
these c.s induced him to, etc., *haec eum 
eo deduxerunt ut, ete. Phr.: from all 
these c.s, quae cum ita sint, Caes.: Cic. 

Vi. A payment: compensatio, 
merces, prétium: v. PAYMENT, COMPEN- 
SATION. 


considered, well (as adj.): 1, 
150 





Phir: 271) 


CONSISTENT, TO BE 


considératus-: Cic.: Vv. CONSIDERATE. 
2. exquisitus (i. e, carefully sought 
out): to confirm by carefully c. reasons, 
ex. rationibus confirmare, Cic. 
considering (prep.): 1, pro 
(with abl.):; c. their population, they 
thought their territories limited, pro 
multitudine hominum, angustos se fines 
habere arbitrabantur, Caes.: Liv. oF 
Expr. by ut: c. they are Germans (a 
qualifying clause), ut inter Germanos, 
Tac. Ger, 30; for which Caes. has ut 
captus est Germanorum (see COMPARA- 
TIVELY): he was a good writer c. those 
times, scriptor fuit, ut temporibus illis, 
luculentus, Cic. Br. 26, 102. 
consign: mando, démando (Liv.) ; 
trado; committo: v. TO COMMIT, DE- 
LIVER. Phr.: to c. goods, *merces ex 
perscriptione ad aliquem mittere (?). 
consignment: esp. of goods (merc. 
t. €.): (2?) *merces alicui ex perscriptione 
traditae, missae. 
consist:  {, To be composed of: 
1. consto, stiti, 1 (with ex or e, in, 
or abl. alone): since we ¢. of soul and 
body, cum constemus ex animo et cor- 
pore, Cic.: the entire speech cs of 
clauses, c. tota oratio membris, Quint. 
2. consisto, stiti, 3 (usu. with in 
and abl.) : the greater part of their food 
c.s of mill, cheese, flesh, major pars vic- 
tus eorum in lacte, caseo, carne c., Caes. 
8, contineor, tentus, 2 (to be bound 
up in: foll. by abl.): life which c.s of 
body and spirit, vita quae corpore et 
spiritu continetur, Cic. 4, téneor, 2 
(=3): that class of duties c.s in the 
society of men, id genus officiorum tene- 
tur hominum societate, Cic.: to c. in 
hope rather than in enjoyment, spe ma- 
gis quam fructu teneri, Cic. 5, posi- 
tum, situm esse (with in and abl.): see 
you wherein c.s happiness ? vides ubi sit 
posita felicitas? Sen.: usu.—to depend 
upon (q.v.): all our strength c.s in 
mind and body, nostra omnis vis in ani- 
mo et corpore sita est, Sall.: think you 
a happy life c.s in that, tu in eo sitam 
vitam beatam putas? Cic.: also, com- 
positum esse ex, Sall. 6, sum (when 
there is an adj.: cf. L. G. § 274): a 
spondee c.s of two long syllables, spon- 
deus est duabus longis syllabis, Cic.: 
the fleet c.’d of 1200 ships, classis erat 
mille ducentarum navium, Nep. Phr.: 
part of his property c.’d in money, par- 
tem rei familiaris in pecunia habebat, 
Suet. Il. Zo be in accordance with : 
congruo, convénio, etc.: Vv. CONSISTENT, 
TO BE. 
consistence : |, Solidity: sdli- 
ditas, densitas, spissitas, crassitiido: v. 
THICKNESS. Phr.: honey has more c., 
mellis constantior est natura, Luer. 
il. Agreement: v. foll. art. 
consistency : 1, constantia : 
more fully, conveniens et conjuncta c., 
Cic. (also expr. by verb: qui sibi con- 
stat: v. foll. art.). 2. aequabilitas : 
c. tn the whole of life and in particular 
actions is most becoming, ae. universae 
vitae tum singularum actionum maxime 
decora est, Cic. 3. vitae ratio con- 
stans (with ref. to the whole character) : 
v. foll. art. N.B. Iu conjunction with 
constantia, or used as nearly synony- 
mous with it, are found, esp. in Cic., the 
words gravitas, persévérantia, stabilitas. 
consistent: 1, _constans, ntis 
c. reports, rumores ¢., Cic.: the record 
of this year ts not very c., c. parum me- 
moria hujus anni, Liv. Join: constans 
et gravis; firmus et stabilis et constans: 
Cic. But constans denotes firmness 
and constancy rather than mere con- 
sisteucy : see CONSTANT. In bad sense, 
c. in one’s faults, c. in vitiis, Hor. oy. 
consentaneus: theories c. with them- 
selves, disciplinae sibi c., Cic.; @ man c. 
both in life and in death, vir vita et 
morte c., Vell. Phr.: there ts no for- 
titude without a c. character, fortis ani- 
mus sine constantia et aequabilitate 
Dullus est, Cic. 
—— to be: 1. consentio, sensi, 
sensum, 4 (with pron. refi.): the speech 
ts c., oratio secum c., Cic.: the law is 


CONSORT 


c., lex sibi c., Quint. 2. cdhaereo, 
haesi, haesum, 2: the things are not c. 
(don't hold together), non cohaerent, 
Ter.: Cic. 3. quadro, 1: the tradi- 
tion, because it is true, is c. through- 
out, traditio, quia vera est, undique q., 
Lact.: to be c. with the character of that 
woman, in istam q. apte, Cic. (who in 
the same connexion has also cadere), 
4, expr. by est and gen. (see L. G. 

§ 266): he said it was not c. with the 
customs of the Greeks, negavit moris 
esse Graecorum, Cic. 

consistently: 1. constanter: to 
speak c. and suitably to one’s own cha- 
racter, sibi c. convenienterque dicere, 
Cic. Joinalso constanter et aequabi- 
liter. 2. accommddaté: see AGREE- 
ABLY. Phr.: to act c. with one’s pro- 
Sessions, *eadem dicere et facere: c. 
with the precepts of philosophy, *secun- 
dum philosophiae praecepta : v. ACCORD- 
ING TO. 

consistory: cousistdrium (prop. a 
select council of the emperors): Auson.: 
Amm.: in M. L. an assembly of bishops: 
see Du Cange, s. v. 

consociate : Vv. ASSOvTATE, 

consolable: consdlabilis, e: c. 
grief, c. dolor, Cic. 

consolation: _ |. The act of con- 
soling : consolatio, Cic. |], The matter 
or means of consoling : 1, solatium 
(often in pl.): these are the c.s, the al- 
leviations of the greatest griefs, haec 
sunt s., haec fomenta summorum dolor- 
um, Cic.: my age itself afforded me 
great c., magnum afferebat mihi aetas 
ipsa s., Cic.: cold c., frigida c., Ov. (fri- 
gida fomenta, Hor.): to speak c., solatia 
dicere,Ov. 2, lévamentum: c. wnder 
misery, |. miseriarum, Cic.; 1. doloris, 
Plin.: in same sense also levatio and 
levamen (less freq.), Plin. 3, méd- 
icina (tig.): but I need no c., I console 
myself, sed non egeo medicina, ipse me 
consolor, Cic. . consdlatio (see 
supr.): Cic. Sometimes it is difficult to 
say whether the act or the matter of 
consolation is meant by this word: cf. 
praeterita aetas nulla c. permulcere 
potest stultam senectutem, Clic. Sen. 2, 

. Consolatio is the term applied to 
Format discourses intended to console; 
Cic.: Sen.; v. comFoRT. Phr.: to refuse 
c., *consolantes aversari, non audire, etc. 

consolatory;: consolatérius: Cic.: 
a c. discourse, consolatio: v. preced. 
art. jin. Phr.: it is very c. to me, 
magno, maximo mihi est solatio (see 
L. G. § 297). 

console (v.): consdlor, 1: rarely 
sdlor: v. TO coMrorT. Also expr. by 
phr.: alicui solatia praebere, Cic.: Ov. ; 
adhibere, Ov.: consolationem adhibere, 
Cic.: thts c.s me, hoc mihi est solatio, 
Caes. Stronger are confirmo, to encowr- 
age, support ; excito, to cheer up: q. Vv. 
a console (swbs.): (?) ancon, Onis, m.: 

uv. 

consoler: 1, consolator: Cic. 
Serv. (Solator only poet.) 2, esp. in pl., 
imper}. part. of consolor: v. CONSOLE. 

consolidate: 1, consdlido, 1: to 
c. a wall into one thickness, parietem 
in unam crassitudinem c., Vitr. oy 
solido, 1: the threshing floor must be v.d 
with adhesive chalk, area creta solidanda 
tenaci, Virg. (but the word is rare and 
seldom used in act. voice). 3, firmo, 
I: stabilio, 4: v. FIRM, TO MAKE; TO 
ESTABLISH: to become c.d, sdlidesco, 3: 
Plin. (rare). 

consonance: consdnantia (rare) : 
in fig. sense, concordia, convénientia: v, 
AGREEMENT. 

consonant (adj.): —‘J,_In music: 

1, consdnus: the c. strings of a 

harp, c. fila lyrae, Ov. 2, consdnans, 
ntis: Vitr. I]. Fig.: congruus, con- 
sentaneus, convéniens: Vv. AGREEING. 

consonant (svbs.): consdnans, both 
with and without litera: Quint. 

consort with: itor, conversor, se 
congregare: v. TO ASSOCIATE WITH. 

consort: i.e. husband or wife: con- 
jux (c.); méaritus, or uxor, ete.: Ww 
SPOUSE. 


aa 


ie 





CONSPICUOUS 


conspicuous: 1. manifestus (ob- 
vious to the eye or mind): the household 
gods c. in a flood of light, penates multo 
manifesti lumine, Virg.: v. PLAIN, MaA- 
niFest. (Not used of celebrity.) Da 
conspicuus (often = notorious) : a stand- 
ard c. in battles, signum in praeliis c., 
Phaedr.: his riches made him c. to the 
Romans, Romanis eum c, divitiae facie- 
bant, Liv. 3. conspiciendus (i. e. 
attracting attentio)~ let him sit ec. on 
@ swift horse, insideat celeri c. equo, 
Ov. 4, conspectus (object of atten- 
tion): most conspicuous was he himself, 
riding into the city ina chariot with a 
team of white horses, maxime c. ipse est 
curru equis albis juncto urbem invectus, 
Liv. Simly. to be c., with verb: to be 
¢. fighting splendidly, conspici pugnan- 
tem egregie, Liv. 5, insignis, e (esp. 
in poets): he decorated him with a c. 
garment, in. eum veste adornavit, Liv. : 
c.in purple and gold, ostro in. et auro, 
Virg.: very c., praesignis, e: very c. 
bodily defects, pr. corporis pravitates, 
Cic. (rare). ‘To these may be added il- 
lustris, clarus, ndtus, etc.: v. FAMOUS. 
conspicuously: Pbr.: to be c. 
visible, perh. omnibus manifestum esse ; 
ab omnibus conspici : v. CONSPICUOUS. 
Sometimes = notoriously : _ insigniter, 
égrégié, eximié: v. REMARKABLY. Or 
expr. by adj. (see L. G. $342): he rides 
c. through the st: cets, *omnibus conspec- 
tus (conspiciendus) per vias vehitur. 
conspiracy: 14, conjuratio (always 
in bad sense): ac. against the republic, 
c. contra rempublicam, Cic. : to form ac. 
of the nobility, c. nobilitatis facere, 
Caes.: to crush a c., c. opprimere, Suet. : 
the leaders of a c., capita conjurationis, 
Liv. (Not conspiratio or consensio, 
which denete an agreement of any 
kind.) Q, cditio (of conspiracy against 
an individual): Cic. Clu. 54, 148. 
Phr.: to enter into a c. against the 
state, conjurare contra rempublicam, 
Cic.; patriam incendere, Sall.: to enter 
into a c. against an trdividual [legal], 
coire, convenire quo quis judicio publico 
condemnaretur, Cic. Clu. |. c. (conjurare 
may be used of conspiracy to murder: 
Quint.). | ee 
conspirator: 1. conjiiratus (part. 
used as subs.: mostly in pl.): a band 
of ¢c.s,manus conjuratorum, Cic. 5: 
iceps conjurationis (populares scel- 
eris sui, Sall. Cat. 22: elsewhere he 
uses socii). 3. conjiiratio (a band of 
c.s): Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 13. 4, (in pl.) 
conspirati (rare): Suet. 
conspire: |. Zo combine, agree: 
conspire, consentio: V.TOAGRER. _{j, 
To join in a conspiracy : 1, conjiro, 
1: toc. with any one for the commis- 
sion of any atrocity and crime, cum 
aliquo in omne flagitium et facinus c., 
Liv.: Cie.: v. conspiracy (/fin.). 9. 
consentio, sensi, sensum, 4 (in good or 
bad sense): to c. to burn down the city, 
urbem c., Cic.: Vv. TO AGREE 
TOGETHER. 3. cdeo, 4: of conspiracy 
in the legal sense: Cic. Clu. 54, 148 (see 
the ge). 4, conspiro, 1 (to agree: 
q. V.): many states c.d, plures civitates 
conspirarunt, Caes.: to c. todo aurong, 
in injuriam c., Liv.: to c. against 
Augustus, in Augustuin c., Suet.: they 
c.d to attack the senate, conspiraverunt 
ut senatum adorirentur, Suet. §, jiiro, 
I (rare): they c.d to kill the barbarians, 
runt inter se barbaros necare, Cato 
Plin. Fig.: against me have c.d 
sleep, the wind, and fidelity, in me jur- 
arunt somnus ventusque fidesque, Ov. 
constable: |. A royal officer : 
*constabularius, i. e. comes stabuli or 
count of the (royal) stable: see Tu 
Cange, s. v. Il. An inferior magis- 
trate or officer: perh. décurio (which is 
roperly a captain of ten) or praetectus 
ya general term for an officer of any 
kind): or expr. by triumviri, quatuor- 
viri, etc.. according to the number. 
Prov. phr.. to outrun the c., solvendo 
Faere alieno] non esse, Cic.: Liv. 


constancy: 1, constantia: strength- 
ened with stabilitas- steadiness and c. of 





CONSTITUTE 


good-will, stabilitas et c. benevolentiae, 
Cic. Or expr. by corresponding adj. : 
it is the part of courage and c., fortis 
et constanjis est, Cic.: with c., c. mente, 
Cat.; constanti fide, Ov.: v. CONSTANT. 
Q. firmitas: the c. of the wise man, 
f. sapientis, Cic. Join- virtus et 
firmitas, firmitas et constantia, Cic.: v- 
FIRMNESS. 3. (when fidelity is in- 
tended): fides. ti, 7. Join. fides et 
constantia; fides fidelitasque: Cic. 4, 
persévérantia, pertinacia: v. PERSEVE- 
RANCE. Phr.: with c., constanter, Cic.: 
to shake from one’s c., mente quatere 
solida, Hor. 
constant: |. Fixed, unchanged : 
1, constans, tis: v. REGULAR. 9. 
stabilis, e: opinion would not continue 
so c., non tam s. opinio permaneret, 
Cic.: very c. (or regular) projit, stabi- 
lissimus quaestus, Cato. 3. firmus: 
often with some other word: as, firmi 
et stabiles et constantes amici, Cic. 4, 
fidus, fidélis: i. e. faithful (q. v.). 
5, indéclinatus (rare). c. to your 
Sriend, ind. amico, Ov. ‘|, Incessant 
(q. v.) perpétnus, continuus (unbroken, 


uninterrupted) : Vv CONTINUAL, PER- 
PETUAL. : 
constantly: |. Firmly, steadily: 


censtanter, firmiter: v. FIRMLY. Il. 
Perpetually: assidé, perpévuo: v. CON- 
TINUALLY 

constellation: 1, sidus, éris, 7. 
(also used of the sun and moon, Virg.)» 
those eternal fires which ye call c.s and 
stars, illi sempiterni ignes quae s. et 
stellas vocatis, Cic.: the c. of the goat, 
caprae sidera, Hor. Q, astrum (chiefly 
poet.): through the twelve c.s, per duo- 
dena astra, Virg.: to be born under the 
same c., uno a. esse, Cic. 8. signum 
(also chiefly poet.): beneath the moving 
c.8 of the heaven, coeli subter labentia s., 
Lucr.; but used in prose of the twelve 
“signs” of the Zodiac: in the c. of the 
lion, in s. leonis, Cic. Hence, the circle 
of the c.s, i. e. the zodiac, signifer orbis, 
Cic. 

consternation: 1, pavor: i.e. 
panic, fear, q. Vv. Q. trépidatio. an 
unexpected occurrence caused more c., 
nec opinata res plus trepidationis fecit, 
Liv. : the c. and flight of the enemy, tr. 
fngaque hostium, Liv.: Tac. To be in 
c., trépido, 1: esp. in pass. impers.: 
there is c. throughout the camp, totis 
trepidatur castris, Cues. 3, conster- 
natio- usu., in good writers, with some 
other word ; as, pavor et c., Liv.: pavor 
et c. mentis, Tac. 4, perturbatio: v. 
DISTURBANCE, CONFUSION. Phr.. to be 
in a state of c. (besides trepidare, v. 
supr.), sttipére, i. e. to be confounded, 
deprived of self-possession. 

constipated: alvum astrictam, dur- 
am, compressam habens: v. foll art. ; 
cui non descendit alvus, cui non satis 
alvus reddit quotidie: based on Cels.. 
Vv. BOWELS. 

constipation: genus morbi astrict- 
um; alvus astricta, astrictior ; com- 
pressa- Cels. Phr.: labour and se- 
dentary occupation produce c, alvum 
astringit labor, sedile, Cels.: to relieve 
c., alvum solvere, Cels.; alvum re- 
laxare, Cic, 

constituent (adj.): usu. with the 
words parts, elements : elementa; partes 
ex quibus aliquid conflatur, efficitur, 
constat, Cic. Or expr. by verb: the c. 
parts of this mizture are, *haec mixtura 
sie efficitur; banc mixturam sic com- 
ponito v. TO COMPOSE, CONSIST. 

constituent (subs.): usu. in pl.: 
May sometimes be expr. by cives or 
municipes : more precisely, *qui sena- 
torem [legatum]} creaverunt, fecerunt, 
elegerunt: Vv. ELECTOR. 

constitute: |. 7o set, fix, esta- 
blish: constituo, statuo, instituo, ordino, 
désigno: see TO ARRANGE, APPOINT 

||. Zo form or compose (the essence 

of a thing) compdno, conficio. v. To 
COMPOSE. ||], Zoappornt: 1], légo, 
I: to appoint as a deputy: v. TO DE- 
PUTE. 9. creo, facio: of elections: 
¥. TO ELECT. 





CONSTRUCT 





constitution : 1. Of body or 
other things : 1, babitus, is: Q. Me 
tellus, when in his prime, wtth the best 
c.and the greatest strength, was taken 
away, Q. Metellus quum floreret optimo 
h., maximis viribus, ereptus est, Cic.: 
entrails, Jrom uhose c. and colour fu- 
turity is known, exta, quorum ex h. et 
colore futura percipiuntur, Cic. S: 
affectio (not necessarily permanent: vy, 
AFFECTION): a strong c. of the body, 
firma corporis a., Cic.: such a c. of the 
soul, animi talis a., Cie. 3. constit- 
fitio: a strong bodity c., firma c cor- 
poris, Cic. 4, corpus, dris, n. (mostly 
used with the preceding): a man with 
a good c., cul corpus bene constitutum 
est, Cic.: wealeness of c. (not necessarily 
permanent), infirmitas corporis, Cic, 
Brut. 91, 313: of an almost tron c., 
ferrei prope corporis, Liv.: to injure 
one’s c., corporis habitum vitiare, Cels. 
5, natura: the c. of things, i.e 
nature, n, rerum, Cic. ; weakly both from 
ill-health and natural ¢., et valetudine 
et natura infirmior, Cic. 6. conditio 
(of things in general; not of bodily c.): 
suited to the law and c. of nature, ad 


jus c.que naturae aptum, Cic.: v. con- 


DITION. |]. Ordinance established ; 
law: constitiitio: esp. of what are 
called the Apostolical c.s, c. Apostolicae: 
V. STATUTE. II]. Established form of 
government: reipublicae s. civitatis 
genus, status. Vv. GOVERNMENT (III.): 
also respublica or civitas alone: and J 
have convinced myself that Numa laid 
the foundations of our c., mihique ita 
persuasi Numam fundamenta jecisse 
nostrae civitatis, Cic.: according to the 
British c., *secundum leges civitatis 
Britannicae- there was as yet no c., 
nondum fundata legibus respublica erat, 
Milt. Def. 
constitutional: |, Of govern- 
ment: according to law: légitimus: to 
have c. authority, 1. imperium habere, 
Cic. Phr.: to exercise c. rule, *ex 
legibus, nonnisi ex legibus, imperare. 
I]. Inherent in the constitution: 
ingénitus, innatus, natura insitus: v. 
INNATE, CONGENIT.-L. 
constitutionally: |. Lawfully: 
légitimé- i. e. according to the laws: to 
rule justly and c., juste et |. imperare, 
Cic.: *ex legibus civitatis constitutis, 
Il. By nature: natura: c. weak, 
strong, natura infirmus, robustus: see 
CONSTITUTION (1.). 
constrain : cOgo (usu. fol). by iyin.), 
compello, impello (usu. with ut and 
Subj.) : V. TO FORCE, COMPEL. 
constrained (as adj.) ; i.e. unna- 
tural, unwilling: Phr.: tolaughina 
c. manner, invitis, alienis malis, ridere 
(cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 72); ficto risu, vultu; 
() invito genio ridere (cf. Hor. A. P. 
385): c. behaviour, *gestus non satis 
liberi (?). 
constraint: 1. e. compulsion (q. v.): 
usu. in pbr. by constraint: invitus: c. 
was put upon him, *huud libenter fecit: 
V. UNWILLINGLY. 
constriction: constrictio: Macr.: 
see alsO CONTRACTION. 
construct: 1. fabricorand fabrico, 
1 (as dep. in Cic., Tae., etc. : as v. act. 
chiefly in poets and late writers): i. e. 
to make with skill, esp. of a mechanical 
kind: to make or c. man, hominem 
fingere vel fabricari, Cic. Acad. 2, 27, 87 
(see the passage): to c. bridges, ladders, 
pontes, scalas f., Tuc.: toc. a raft, ra- 
tem fabricare, Phaedr.: to c. v ords, i. e. 
a speech, verba fabricare, Quint. a: 
struo, construo, instruo, exstruo, Xi, 
ctum, 3: V. TO BUILD, FORM, ARRANGE. 
Join: construere atque acdificare, Cic. 
8. facio, féci, factum, 3: t ca 
bridge, pontem f., Cues.. Vv. TO BUILD, 
MAKE. 4, constituo, ui, fitum, 3 (of 
that which has a definite plan: so also 
instituo). to c. siege-towers, turres ¢, 
Caes.: to c. an equilateral triangle, tri- 
angulum aequis lateribus c., Quint.: tf 
c. an argument (i. e. to arrange its 
parts), ratiocinationem c., Quint. 5, 14 
52. 5, contexo, ui, xtum, 3: Vv. TO 
151 


CONSTRUCTION 


CONSUMING 


CONTAGIOUS 





“FRAME. Phr.: fo c.a rampart from 
the camp to the sea, vallum ex castris ad 
mare ducere, Caes. (cf. Eng. to carry a 
wall). In gram.: *construo, jungo. 

construction: |. Zhe act of con- 
structing: fabricatio, constructio: Cic. 
(Or by ger. of verbs = to construct: 
q. Vv.) Il. The form or plan of what is 
constructed : 1, fabricatio: tc see 
through or examine the whole c. of man, 
totam hominis f. perspicere, Cic. 2. 
structiira: the c. of the walls, parietum 
s., Caes.: reticulated (net-like) c., 
reticulata, Plin.: Vitr. 3. figtra, 
forma: v. FORM, SHAPE (cf. Cic. N. D. 
2, 54, 133). 4. conformatio: the ec. 
of @ theatre, c. theatri, Vitr. I]. In 
grammar: constructio (i. e. according 
to the rules of Syntax): Prisc.: M. L. 

IV. Sense, meaning : 1, inter- 

prétatio: to put now one c. (upon a 
thing), now another, huc illuc trabere 
interpretationem, Tac. H. 3, 3: (unfair) 
c.s of conduct by informers, interpre- 
tationes deiatorum, Tac.: an wnfavour- 
able c. was put upon greatness, sinistra 
erga eminentes int., Tac. Agr. 5. 
sensus, is; sententia : v. SENSE, MEAN- 
ING. 3. pars, partis, f. (in certain 
phrases): to put the more favourable, 
the best, c. on anything, aliquid miti- 
orem in partem interpretari, in opti- 
mam partem accipere, Cic. Phr.: to 
put a certain c. on anything, inter- 
pretari, accipere: v. supr.: you pul a 
Tight c. upon (this), recte accipis, Ter. 

constructive: no exact word: 

hr.: c. genius, *ingenium ad rerum 
fabrieationem aptum ; mens fabricatrix : 
c. treason, perh. *proditionis crimen quod 
in conjectura continetur: or, majestatis 
interpretatio: cf. CONSTRUCTION (LV.): 
V. TREASON. 

construe: |. Gram. t. t.: to 
arrange words so as to translate them: 
construo, xi, ctum, 3: Prisc. Il. Zo 
interpret in a certain way: interprétor, 
accipio: esp. with, in bonam, malam, 
partem, etc.: v. CONSTRUCTION (fin.). 

consubstantial : consubstantialis, 
e 

consul: |. Ron an: consul, stilis: 
to appoint c.s, cons les creare (often 
used of the presiding magistrate), Liv. : 
c. elect (but not actually in office), c. de- 
signatus, Cic.: Liv.: a c. chosen in the 

place of one deceased, c. suffectus, Liv. : 

c. for the second time, consul iterum, 
Cic.: simly. c. tertium, quartum, ete. : 
when Manlius was c., consule Manlio, 
Hor.: v. CONSULATE: one who has been 
c., consilaris: Cic.: an assembly for 
the election of c.s, comitia consularia, 


Cic.: @ c.’s house, consularis domus, 
Plin.: @ c.’s wife, femina consularis, 
Suet. I]. Modern: no exact term; 


the Romans relying upon the protection 
of their name of Roman citizens, or of 
their ordinary magistrates. The Greek 
mpogevos does not appear to have been 
adopted in Lat.: perhaps the nearest 
word is curator (not procurator, which 
would be taken for a governor). 

consulate, consulship: 1, con- 
status, tis: to be a candidate for the c., 
c. petere, Cic.: to obtain the c., c, adip- 
isci, Cic. When a date is to be given 
use consul in abl. absol.: as, in the c. of 
Messala and Piso, Messala et Pisone 
consulibus (Coss.), Caes.: Cic. D4, 
fasces, ium (liy meton.: poet.): to 
confer, take away the c., fasces deferre, 
detrahere, Hor. 


consult: |. Toaskadvice: 1, 
consiilo, ui, sultum, 3 (with acc., to 
take any one’s opinion: with dat., to 


consult his interests): nor do I c. you 
about that, nec te id (cf. L. G. § 253) 
consulo, Cic.: to c. Apollo on the sub- 
ject, Apollinem de re c., Cic.: fo c. one’s 
glass, speculum suum c., Ov. Esp. of 
lawyers: those who are usually c.d 
about cit law, ii qui de jure civili con- 
suli solent, Cic.: also of deliberative 
assemblies: to c. the senate respecting 
the treaty, senatum de foedere c., Sall. . 
Cic. 9. consilior, t (rare): usu. 
absol,; to take counsel: Cic.: Caes. 
152 





3. référo, tii, latum, 3 (with ad: 
esp. of consulting the senate: the matter 
about which witn de): concerning which 
the consuls will, I hope, c. the senate, de 
quo consules spero ad senatum rela- 
turos, Cic.: also of consulting a deity: 
I am of opinion that we ought to c. 
Apollo respecting obscure and uncertain 
things, de rebus et obscuris et incertis 
ad Apollinem censeo referendum, Cic. 
(but in this.sense usu. consulo: v. supr-.). 

4, ideo, ivi and ii, i1um, 4: esp. in 
phr., to c. the Sibylline books, adire libros 
Sibyllinos, Liv. ||. Zo be engaged in 
consultation (intr.) : 1, délibéro, 1 
Vv. TO DELIBERATE. 2, consilior, 1 
(rare): they conversed for the purpose of 
c.ing, consiliandi causa collocuti sunt, 
Caes.: Cic.: Hor. 8. consulto, 1: 
they examine or c. whether that about 
which they are considering is or is not 
beneficial, anquirunt aut c. conducat id 
necne de quo deliberant, Cic. Join: 
deliberare et consultare: Cic. Also 
expr. by consilium capere, etc.: v. 
COUNSEL. Ill. Toc. for the interests 
of : 1, consiilo, 3 (with dat.): they 
c. the interests of a part of the citizens, 
the others they neglect, parti civium c., 
partem negligunt, Cic.: I was c.ing my 
own dignity, dignitati meae consulebam, 
Cic.: to c. the interests of the state as 
much as one’s own, Teipublicae juxta ac 
sibi c., Sall. 2. servio, 4 (Somewhat 
stronger: also inservio): to c. any one's 
convenience, commodis alicujus s., Cic. : 
to c. brevity, brevitati s., Cic.: v. TO 
ATTEND TO (6, 7). 8, prospicio, 3: 
i. e. to look out for, have vegard to: 
with dat. : Cic.: v. TO PROVIDE. 

consultation: 1, consultatio: to 
reply to a c., consultationi respondere, 
Cic. Q, délibératio: v. DELIBERATION. 

3. expr. by ger.: during c., inter 
consulendum ; in order to hold a c., ad 
consulendum, consiliand: causa: v. TO 
CONSULT. Phr.: es were often held 
in the senate, saepe in senatu consilia 
versata sunt, Cic.: to hold c. together, 
inter se consulere: Vv. TO CONSULT. Oo 
call upon any one for the purpose of c., 
convenire :. Cic. 

consulter: consultor, Cie. (esp. the 
c. of a lawyer, Hor.): or expr. by 
imperf. part. 

consulting - barrister : 
sultus; juris legumque peritus : 
LAWYER. 

consumable; qued incendio con- 
sumi, etc., possil Vv. TO CONSUME, 

consume: |. To destroy; esp. of 
fue: 1, constimo, sumpsi, sumptum, 
3. to c. everything by flame, omnia 
flamma c., Caes.: V. TO DESTROY. BAe 
absimo, 3: in pass.: flammis absumi, 
Liv. 3, haurio, si, stum, 4 (Vv. To 
SWALLOW UP): the conflagration c.d the 
mound and the mantlets, aggerem ac 
vineas incendium hausit, Liv. 4. In 
puss.: deflagro, conflagro, t: V. To BE 
BURNT DOWN: by disease, tabesco, 3: v. 
TO WASTE AWAY. fj, TJouseup: 1, 
consumo, 3 : toc. alarge part of the day, 
magnam partem diei c., Cic.: to c. corn, 
trumenta c., Caes, 2. absiimo, 3. in 
same sense: Ter.: Hor. 8, abitor, 
sus, 3 (with abl.): to c. all one’s time, 
omni tempore ab., Cic.: v. TO SPEND. 
Phr.: to c, all one’s property, bona 
patria consumere, dissipare; lacerare 
(Sall.) : v. TO SQUANDER. II]. Zo waste 
slouly: 1, pérédo, 3: whom harsh 
love c.d with cruel wasting, quos durus 
amor crudeli tabe peredit, Virg.: v. To 
WASTE. 2. conficio, féci, 3: v. TO 
WEAR OUT, DESTROY. 

consumer : I. 
sumptor (v. rare): Cic.: or adj., as Edax 
(with gen.): Vv. DEVOURER. I]. One 
who uses or buys commodities: perh. 
emptor: Vv. BUYER. 

consuming (adj.): 1, @dax (in 
this sense poet.): c. fire, e. ignis, Virg.: 
time c. all things, tempus e rerum, Ov. 

2. confector, confectrix (destroying) : 
Cic. has, confector et consumptor om- 
nium ignis, N. D. 2, 1§, 41; and Lact., 
confectrix rerum omnium vetustas, 7, 


juiriscon- 
v. 


Destroyer: con- 





11, med. (N.B. Consumens should not 
be used alone, but omnia consumens is 


correct.) 8. tabidus (of diseases: 
wasting the body): a c. poison, t. venen- 
um, Tac.- a c. plague, t. lues, Virg.: 
also tabificus: Cic. 
consummate (v-): 1, consummo, 
I-* v. TO FINISH, COMPLETE. 2. 
ciimiilo, 1 (i.e. to heap up full): to be 
wanting to c. my joy, ad cumulandum 
gaudium mihi deesse, Cic. 3). simly. 
cumulum afferre: to c. any one’s joy, 
alicni cumulum gaudii af. (— gaudium 
cumulare), Cic.: so with addere, etc. 
4, absolvo, conficio, perficio; per- 
fectum cumulatumq. reddere. v. com- 
PLETE (v. and adj.). Phr.. my exces- 
sive joy will be c.d by his arrival, ad 
summam laetitiam meam magnus ex 


illius adventu cumulus accedet, Cic.: v. 
TO CROWN. 
consummate (adj.): 1, consum- 


matus (finished, perfect): c. eloquence, 
c. eloquentia, Quint.. ¢. art, ars c., 
Plin, 2. summus (of the highest 
rank or excellence): a c. and perfect 
general, s. atque perfectus imperator, 


Cic. 3. perfectus, absdlitus: v. PER- 
FECT. Phr.: ac. rogue, *homo nequis- 
simus; in nequitiis exercitatissimus ; 


malis artibus penitus imbutus atque ex- 
ercitatus: V. KNAVE; PERFECT, COM- 
PLETE. 

consummately ; perfecté, absolute 
Vv. COMPLETELY. Or expr. by abl.: as. 
summa arte; summa sollertia; insigni 
artificio: Vv. SKILL. 

consummation: |, Completion: 
absdliitio, consummatio: Vv. COMPLETION. 
Phr.: that victory was the c. of his 
hopes, *attulit ei illa victoria spei cu- 
mulum: the c. of his glory was, ete., 
summa summarum in illa gloria fuit, 
Plin.: v. TO CONSUMMATE (3). Il. 
End: exitus, finis, ete.: v. END. 

consumption : |. Act of con- 
suming, etc.: prob. only in senses of 
the verbs, lo use up, to waste away (see 


TO CONSUME): J], consumptio (a using 
up): Cic. 2. confectio (wasting, de- 
stroying): ¢. of health and strength 


(by licentiousness), c. valetudinis, Cic. 
Phr.: after the c. of all the provisions, 
omni re frumentaria consumpta, etc. : 
V. TO CONSUME. ||. A disease : 1: 
cachexia, atrophia: Coel. 2. phthisis 
pulmonaria (pu/monary c.): Cels.: Plin. 
3, tabes (general term denoting all 
wasting of the body): v. WASTING. 
consumptive: i. e. affected with 
consumption or partaking of its nature: 
in former sense, atrophus: Plin.: cachec- 
ticus, cachecta: Plin.: in either sense: 
phthisicus: Plin.: Mart. Yo be c., 
phthisi, cachexia, tabe laborare: v. coN- 
SUMPTION : (phthisicare, Sidon.). 
contact: contactus, is: with ref. 
to injection, contagio, contagium: v. 
coNTAGION. Phr.: to be brought into 
c. with anything, contingere: almost to 
be brought into c. vith the earth (of the 
moon), terram paene c., Cic.: when the 
extremities are brought into c., *ex- 
tremis partibus inter se junctis, applici- 
tis: the point of c. between two circles 
*qua parte iuter se contingnnt circuli 
duo: Kr. gives *punctum contactus, as 
geometrical ¢. ¢. 
contagion: i. e. infection by con- 
tact : 1, contactus, ts (contact of 
any Icind): diseases made epidemic by 
c., Vulgati contactu in homines morbi, 
Liv. 2, contagium: the c. of disease, 
morbi c., Lucr.: often in pl.: the c. of 
the neighbouring Jlock, contagia vicini 
pecoris, Virg.: Plin. 3. contagio 
(esp. in fig. sense) : {the disease} destroys 
the whole flock by c., universum gregem 
contagione prosternit, Col. Fig.: the 
c. of baseness or disgrace, pillage, guilt, 
c. turpitudinis, praedae, sceleris, Cic.: 
the c. (of war) had spread to the nergh- 
bouring peoples of Umbria, traxerat 
proximos Umbriae populos, Liv.: Sall. 
(contagium is rare in this sense). 
contagious: contagidsus: Veg. Vet. 
Usu. better expr. by verb: a c. dta- 
ease, morbus qui contactu in homines 














* Pid 


CONTAGIOUSNESS 


vulgatur, Liv.: these diseases are not c., 
*nulla sunt horum morborum contagia ; 
hi morbi contagiis non propagantur in 
homines. (But in technical Latin, con- 
tagiosus should be used.) Fig.: @ ec. 
example, quod late manat, ef. Cic. Cat. 
4, 3,6: also, quod late patet; i.e. has 
proved to be c.: v. TO SPREAD: nothing 
ts more c. than vice, *nullius rei certior 
(perniciosior) contagio quam malorum 
morum: a c. disease, tabes, lilies: v. 
PESTILENCE. 
contagiousness: may often be 
expr. by contagia (pl.): to fear the c. 
of a disease, *coutagia morbi metuere: 
c. of gain, c. lucri, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 14: 
in the same way Cic. has, contagionibus 
malorum, Off. 2, 23, 80. (See L. G. 
§ 591.) Phr.: there is no doubt of the 
€. of some diseases, non dublum est quin 
nonnulli morbi tales sint ut in bomines 
contactu vulgentur: v. CONTAGIOUS. 
contain: |. To hold, as a vessel : 
1, capio, cépi, captum, 3: what 
@ crowd there ts! our house will scarce 
ec. it, quid turbae est! aedes nostrae 
vix capient, Ter.: Cic.: Hor.: v. To 
HOLD. Hence, capable of c.ing, cipax 
(with gen.) : a circus capable of c.ing a 
people, circus capax populi, Oy.: Cic.: 
v. foll. art. 92. contineo, ui, tentum, 
2: the line cs a hundred feet, linea 
centum c. pedes, Quint.: all things 
which are nourished and grow, c. in 
themselves the force of heat, omnia quae 
aluntur et crescunt c. in se vim caloris, 
Cic. 3. habeo, 2: Tartarus c.s the 
son of Panthus, Tartara h. Panthoiden, 
Hor.: what did that book c. which could 
be useful to you? quid tandem habuit 
liber iste, quod tibi usui esse posset? 
Cic. 4, insum, fui, esse (inverting 
the sentence): my purse c.'d 800 aurei, 
numi octingenti aurei in marsupio in- 
fuerunt, Pl.: the island of Crete cs a 
hundred cities, *insunt in Creta insula 
urbes centum. 5, compréhendo, di, 
sum, 3: tts circuit c.s two and thirty 
stades, circuitus ejus triginta et duo 
stadia c., Curt.: v. TO INCLUDE, COM- 
PRISE. Il. Zo hold in check: iL 
contineo, 2 (esp. in pass. or with pron. 
refl.): I can hardly c. myself, vix con- 
tineor, vix me contineo: usu. foll. by 
quin: Ter.; Cic. Q, rétineo, tempéro 
(esp. with pron. refl. in dat.): v. TO RE- 
FRAIN, FORBEAR. Adj.: unable to c. 
(or control) oneself, impotens: Cic. 
containing; esp. of measures: ciipax, 
acis (with gen.): v. TO CONTAIN (L.): 
also used with ad: a cup c. three pints, 
calix c. ad tres sextarios, Plin. Also 
sometimes expr. by gen. of subs. and 
adj.: a ship c. move than 300 measures, 
navis quae plus quam trecentarum am- 
phorarum esset, Liv. (but not without a 
subs.: see L. G. § 274): Plin. has am- 
phoraiis in the sense of c. one amphora ; 
simly., congirius, congialis is capable of 
c, &@ congius. 
contaminate: 1, contamino, 1: 
to c. omeself, se c. (scelere), Cic.: the 
patricians thought their blood was c.d, 
contaminari sanguinem suum patres re- 
bantur, Liv. 2. inquino, 1: v. To 
POLLUTE. 3, splrco, conspurco; com- 
Maculo: Vv. TO DEFILE. 
contaminating (adj.): Phr.: to 
shun the c. influence of vice, *morum 
pravorum contagiones vitare: cf. coNn- 
TAGIOUSNESS. nothing is more c., *nibil 
aptius ad homines contuminandos est. 
N.B. Not contaminans without an object. 
contamination; 1, contaminatio 
(rare): Ulp. 2. contagia, contagi- 
Ones: V.CONTAGIOUSNESS. 3. immun- 
ditiae, arum: i. e. PoLLUTION (q. V.). 
Phr.: to strive hard to escape the c. of 
vice, *magnopere eniti ne vitiis (quis) se 
contaminet, commaculet. vy. TO CoN- 
TAMINATE. 
contemn: contemno, temno (rare). 
sperno: Vv. TO DESPISE. 
contemner: contemptor, m.; -trix, 
-2 V. DESPISER. 
contemplate: 1, considéro, 1: 
¥. CONSIDER. 2, contemplor, 1 (usu. 
of steady gaze of eye or mind) ; we looked 





CONTEMPTIBLE 


up at the sky and cd the heavenly bodies, 
coelum suspeximus, coelestiaque con- 
templati sumus, Cic.» to c. that mentally 
which you cannot ocularly, id animo c., 
quod oculis non potes, Cic. (Considero 
is generally used of consideration pre- 
paratory to action; as, considerare quid 
agas, Cic.: coutemplor is used of quiet 
contemplation ; esp. of what is presented 
to the imagination: Habicht, § 862.) 
3, intueor, contueor, 2: TO GAZE 
aT. N.B. Most of the verbs for to con- 
template are frequently used with animo 
or mente; as mente intueri, contemplari 
animo, animo et cogitatione contemplari, 
ete. ; also, cum animo: vy. TO CONSIDER. 
contemplation: 1, contemplatio. 
the c. of the sky, coeli c., Cic. Joined 
with consideratio: the consideration and 
c. of nature, consideratio contempla- 
tioque naturae, Cic. 2. méditatio: 
v. stupy. Phr.: so blind in c., tam 
caecus in contemplandis rebus, Cic.: @ 
life of c., vita contemplativa: v. foll. art. 
contemplative: contemplativus : 
Sen. Phr.: to lead ac. life, in contem- 
platione studia ponere, Cic.: a c. person, 
*contemplationibus deditus: in a ec, 
mood, cogitabundus, Gell. 
contemplatively: expr. with part. 
adj.: to stand c. in one place, in iisdem 
vestigiis stare cogitabundum, Gell. 2, 1 
(see the passage). Contemplabundus is 
found in ert. 
contemplator: contemplator: Cic. 
(rare). 
contemporary : 1, aequilis, e 
(usu. with aetas, tempus, or some such 
word: constr. with gen. or dat.): nor 
is any c. author extant, nec quisquam 
aequalis temporibus illis extat, Liv.; 
also, illoram temporum, Cic.: sometimes 
absol.: sacred rites c. with the found- 
ing of the city, sacra aeq. urbis, Liv.: 
my c., aeq. meus, Cic. 2. expr. by 
tempus or aetas; esp. the former: he 
was c. with Aristotle, tuit tempore eodem 
(temporibus iisdem) quo A., Cic.: all 
his c.s, omnes ejusdem aetatis, Cic. : 
simly., seculi sui, Vell. (N.B. Not 
coaevus or contemporaneus, which be- 
long to late Latin.) Phr.: c. histories 
(with ref. to particular emperors), res 
florentibus ipsis (scriptae), Tac. A. 1, 1: 
nearly c., paulo ante, post; prior, poste- 
rior, serior. 
contemporarily: eodem tempore, 
jisdem temporibus : v. preced. art. 
contempt: |, The act or feeling: 
1, contemptio: to be brought into 
c., in c. venire, Caes.: to bring into c., 
in c. aliquem adducere, Cic. Join: ec. 
ac despicientia (looking down upon as 
mean): Cic. 2. contemptus, is 
(doubtful whether used by Cic.): to be 
held in c., contemptu laborare, Liv.; to 
hold or be held in c., habere, esse con- 
temptui, Suet.; which may also be 
expr. by the act. and pass. of con- 
temno respectively. 3. Less freq. is 
despicientia: Cic. (v. supr. I). 4. 
despicatus, tis (rare): to hold any one 
im c., aliquem habere despicatui, PL. : 
Cic. 5, fastidium: oft. in pl.: v. 
DISDAIN, PRIDE. Phr.: to treat with c., 
contemptum (part.) habere: v. TO DE- 
sPIse. Fig.: to treat the laurel wreath 
with c., lauream conculcare, Cic. il. 
The state of being despised: contemptus 
(v. Supr. 2): Cic. 
contemptible: 1, contemnendus: 
by no means c. speeches, orationes non 
c.,, Cic.:; Plin. Simly., spernendus and 
other ygerundives. 2, contemptus 
(like invictus for invincible): a c. and 
mean life, c.ac sordida vita, Cic.: c. to 
the army, c. exercitui, Tac. 3, despic- 
atus: the passion of a most c. tribune, 
despicatissimi tribuni furor, Cic. 4, 
lévis, e (not so strong as the English) : 
V. TRIFLING. 5, abjectus: v. MEAN. 
6. sordidus (prop. foul, dirty) : 
that lowest and most c. of men, iste om- 
nium turpissimus et sordidissimus, Cic. 
Phr.: to look c. in any one’s eyes, ali- 
cui sordere, Liv.: Virg.: to look upon 








CONTENT, TO BE 


contemptibly ; abject@, more despic- 
Atissimo- v. MEANLY. Phr.: to act 
most c., *se in contemptionem summam 
adducere ; v, CONTEMPT. 
contend : |. Yo strive or strive 
against: , contendo, di, sum and tum, 
3 (with cum, contra, inter and pron, 
reflect.): in riches and expense, not in 
uprightness and industry, they c. with 
their ancestors, divitiis et sumptibus, 
non probitate neque industria, cum ma- 
joribus suis contendunt, Sall.: bulls e, 
against lions in dejence of their calves, 
tauri pro vitulis contra leones c., Cic.: 
these Cations) c.'d with each other for 
the supremacy, bi de potentatu inter se 
contendebant, Caes. 2, certo, 1 (usu. 
with cum; also inter; and poet. dat, 
alone): toc. for empire with the Roman 
people, de imperio cum P. R. c., Cic.. 
very often absol. : toc. in war, bello c., 
Liv.; aciec., Virg.: toc. with any one 
tn wit, cum aliquo dicacitate c., Cic: 
in similar sense, de virtute c., Sall. 
with acc. of neut. pron. (see L. G. 
§ 253): if you c. about aught with him 
Jor gudge, si quid se judice certes, 
Hor.: v. TO VIE. 8, décerto, 1 
(stronger than certo: to c. for the mas- 
tery, decisivell)): to c. in battle with 
very brave nations, proeliis cum acer- 
rimis nationibus d., Cic.. they c.’d in 
Italy for empire with two generals, cum 
duobus ducibus de imperio in Italia de- 
certatum est, Cic. 4, décerno, crévi, 
crétum, 3: chiefly in special phrases: 
to c. im arms, armis decernere, Cic. : 
they c. in races, cursibus decernunt, 
Virg.. to c. in battle, acie decernere, 
Liv. 5. cerno, 3 (less freq. and 
chiefly poet.): to c. with the sword, 
c. ferro, Virg.: to c. in defence of one’s 
country, pro patria c.,Sall. 6, luctor, 
I: V. TO STRUGGLE. 7, pugno, 1: v. 
TO FIGHT. 8, congrédior, confligo : 
Vv. TO ENGAGE, ENCOUNTER. See also 
TO CONTEND AGAINST. Il. To use 
earnest efforts for anything: 1. 
laboro, I (usu. with prep., or ut and 
subj.): to c. against anything being 
done, 1. ne quid fiat, Cic.; also, in, de, 
re aliqua c., Cic.: v. TO EXERT ONESELF. 
Q. nitor, énitor, 3: v. TO STRIVE. 
Il]. Zo dispute earnestly : digladior, 
pugno, verbis certo, etc.: v. TO DIS- 
PUTE. IV. Zo maintain: confirmo, 
affirmo, contendo, défendo: v. TO MAIN- 
TAIN. 
at np att: 1, répugno, 1: fo 
resist and c. against the truth, resistere 
et r. contra veritatem, Cic.: more freq. 
with dat.: v. TO OPPOSE. 2, ad- 
versor, I (with dat. or absol.): nature 
c.ing against and opposing it, adver- 
Sante et repuguante natura, Cic.: see 
also preced. art. 
contending (as adj.): usu. with 
some such word as parties: express by 
part. of verbs signifying to contend. 
to arbitrate between c. parties, inter 
ulgantes (also, litigutores), lege agentes 
disceptare (also controversi is disceptare, 
Cic.): or by the verb itself: the c. par- 
ties were these, contendebant inter se 
hi: v. TO CONTEND. 
content, contented: 1, con- 
tentus (with abl.): J can be c. with a 
little, parvo c. esse possum, Cic.: to be 
c. with one’s property ts the greatest and 
surest ricies, contentum suis rebus esse 
naximae sunt certissimaeque divitiae, 
Cic.: c. to have learned, c. didicisse, Ov. 
2. aequus: c. with present store, 
praesentibus aeq., Hor.: usu. with ani- 
mus Or mens: V. CONTENTMENT. 
, to be: 1, satis hibeo, 2 
(foll. by clause): he compelled the Car- 
thaginians to bec. with keeping Africa, 
Carthaginienses s. habere coegit si Af- 
ricam obtinerent, Nep.- J amc. and 
more than c., satis superque habeo, Cic.: 
also foll. by neut. pron.: id satis b., PL 
Q. placeo, 2 (foll. by dat.): no one 
is c. with his lot, nulli sua placent, 
Sen.: Vv. SATISFIED. 8, acquiesco, 
évi, tum, 3 (usu. foll, by in and abl.): 





as c., contemptui habere, contemptum | Cic.: also with abl. alone, Sem: ¥ 


(part.) habere ; v. CONTEMPT. 


‘ 


SATISFIED, TO BE. 
153 


CONTINGENCE 


CONTINUE 


CONTENT 
regulas ex in 


9. certatio (less freq., and denot- 
ing rather the act of contending than 
the contest itself): bodily c.s, corporum 
certationes, Cic. 3. contentio (almost 
always implying violence or heat in con- 
test): the c.s of battles, contentiones 


content (subs.): V. CONTENTS. 
content (-. tr.): satisfacio, placeo, 
etc.: V. TO SATISFY, PLEASE. 
content, contentment: 1, 
contentum esse: Cic. (v. CONTENT, adj.). 
Q. animi aequitas: to keep the com- 










































































mon people in a state of c. plebem praeliorum, Cic.: I had a c. with M. 
animi aequitate continere, Caes. B. G. | Crassus, mibi erat cum M. Crasso ¢., 


Cic. 4, décertatio (a decisive C.: V. 
rare): Cic. 5, pugna: v. COMBAT: a 
legal c., forensis p-, Quint. 6, dimi- 
catio (usu. of a general engagement ) : 
Liv.: a c. for life, vitae d., Cic. Me 
Mars, tis (poet. and fig.) : @ legal c., M. 
forensis, Ov. §, controversia : v- DIS- 
pute. Phr.: to maintain 4 ¢., sto, 
stéti, statum, 1: to maintain a hand 
to hand c., cominus stare, Caes.: at first 
they maintained the c. not unequally, 
primo haud impari stetere acie, Liv 
Fig.: when we were maintaining the c. 
very successfully im the senate, cum in 
senatu pulcherrime staremus, Cic. 
‘ contested (as adj.) : ambiguus, diib- 
ius, controversus: V. DISPUTED, DOUBT- 
FUL. 

context: i. e- the adjoining words or 
parts of a passage: circumjacentia (7. 

1.): Quint. 9, 4, 29- Phr.. the c. for- 

ids that interpretation, *quae_ se- 
quuntur, quae postea sunt addita [or 
quae praecedunt, quae prius scripta 
sunt, as the case may be] eam inter- 
pretationem refutant: the sense of the 
author must not be judged from single 
words but from the entire C., scriptoris 
sententiae non ex singulis sed ex con- 
textis (continuatis conjunctisque, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 37, 149) verbis ducendae 
sunt: ef. Quint. 9, 4, 23- (N.B. con- 
textus appears to be always used in 
Quint. of the fram ing of words together, 
composition: in Tac. 2, 8, in con- 
textu operis means, in the course of my 
work.) 

contexture3 contextus, us: Cic.: 
Quint. 

contiguity : cob aerentia (regionum) : 
Macr. : also continentia, Macr. Phr.: 
“ec. of place, time, or cause ” (Hume), 
*[res] ut loco, tempore, causis cohae- 
reant: on account of the c. of these sub- 
jects, *quae quum tam intima ratione 
inter se apta connexaque sint: Vv. CON- 
NEXION and foll. art. 

contiguous : 1, contiguus: ¢. 
houses, c. domus, Ov.: ‘Tac. 9. con- 
finis,e: V. BORDERING. 3, continens, 
ntis . the estates c. to this farm, huic 
fundo praedia c. et adjuncta, Cic.: also 
foll. by cum and abl. : Plin. 4. con- 
tinuus (less freq.) : Sen. 5, continu- 
atus (prop. part. of continuo): Join: 
continuatus et junctus, Cic. NG Div2; 
45, 117- 

continence: 1. continentia (i. e. 
the power and habit of controlling the 
passions) : also, c. animi, Curt. Join: 
integritas Cincorruptibleness) et c., Cic.5 
modestia (moderation) et C., Caes. ; c. et 
moderatio, Curt. (Gr. éyxpareva.) a 
abstinentia (usu. of integrity tm money 
matters) » Quint. 

continent (adj.): 1, continens, 
ntis (capable of controlling the passions)? 
Cic. (v. preced. art.). 9. abstinens, 
ntis (i.e. capable of abstaining Jrom) : 
y. ABSTINENT, CHASTE. 

continent (subs.): continens terra: 
between Euboea and the c., inter Euboeam 
c.que terram, Nep.: also without terra - 
on the c., in continenti, Cic.; Cars. 
(N.B.—Regio may be used in general 
Sense; Mela uses the word with ref. to 
the c. of Africa: “cui totius regionis 
cognomen inditum est, Africa,” 1, 4, 
med.). 

continental (a4j.): continentem 
incolens; in continenti (or e) positus, 
locatus: c. nations, continentis getites, 
populi. v. preced. art. 

continently : 1. continenter 
(rare) to lwe ¢., ©. vivere, Cic. ZS: 
tempéranter: Vv. TEMPERATELY.- 

contingence \ |. Quality of being 

contingency contingent (rare): 
Phr.: “to build certain rules upon the 
c. of human actions ” (South); *certas 


6; 22. 3. aequus animus: 10 bear 
the lack of a thing with c., carere aequo 
animo aliqua re, Cic. But the phrase 
denotes an undisturbed mind, in general. 
contentedly: 4equ0 animo: V. 
preced. art.: or expr. by aij. (see L.G. 
§ 343): he sees c. the wealth of others, 
%contentus videt alienas divitias. 
contention : _ In abstract 
sense ; strife: 1, discordia: v. DIS- 
corp. 2, expr. by pl. of words given 
under (IJ.). to delight in c., *conten- 
tionibus gaudere; ex dissidiis conten- 
tionibusque voluptatem trahere. ll. 
A strife: J, contentio: J had manu 
and great c.s with M. Crassus. mihi 
cum M. Crasso multae et magnae con- 
tentiones fuerunt, Cic. 9, certatio, 
certamen: v. CONTEST, STRIFE. (Often 
used of emulation, rivalry; as is the 
verb.) 3. luctatio: v. STRUGGLE. 
4, altercatlo: Cic.: v- ALTERCA> 
TION. 5, disceptatio, controversia : 
V. DISPUTE, CONTROVERSY. 
contentious: J. pugnax, acis: 
Cic. (the most gen. term). Q. cer- 
taminis or certaminum cupidus: v- pre- 
ced, art. 3, litigidsus : Vv. LITIGIOUS. 
contentiously; *certandi, rixandi 
causa; propter studia partium. 
contentiousness: perh. expr. by 
pl. of concrete subs. : what c. there was 
in him, *quantae in eo certationes, con- 
tentiones erant! o7, quantum in eo erat 
contentionum atque pugnarum  stu- 
dium! Pugnacitas however occurs in 
Quint. 4, 3, 2. 
contentment: v- CONTENT (subs.). 
contents ( pl.) : also in sing. aS Ma- 
thematical term: Phr.: the c. of this 
vessel is six amphorae, *hoc vas sex am- 
phoras capit, sex amphorarum est: V. 
TO CONTAIN. Otherwise pl.: he broke 
open the box and carried off its c.s, 
€scrinio perfracto quae in eo erant ab- 
stulit: v. TO BE IN: thec.s of the book 
were of the most varied kind, *de omni 
genere rerum scriptus est liber. as a 
heading to denote a table or epitome of 
c.s, argimentum, Epitome: v- ARGU- 
MENT, ABRIDGEMENT: the phr. “ conti- 
nentur in hoc [libro],” is often used in 
modern works. (in Macr. 2, 12, intt., 
continentia operis, signifies the con- 
nected outline or thread of the work.) 
conterminous: | 1, conterminus 
(with dat.): Aethiopia c. with Egypt, 
Aethiopiac. Aegypto, ac. 9, confinis: 
V. BORDERING. 
contest (v.): i.e. to dispute, strive 
to hold against another : 1, certo, 1: 
foll. by de and abl.: to c. the claim 
to some disputed territory, bello c. de 
ambiguo agro, Liv.: 80, de imperio, 
Cic. 2, contendo, di, sum and tum, 
3: V. TO CONTEND. 3, défendo, di, 
sum, 3. to c. points (in law) which 
have been assailed (i. e. to hold or 
maintain them), d. ea quae impugnata 
sunt, cf. Quint. 2, 17, 4°: the correla- 
tive to impugno is defendo (or resisto), 
the former being to contest aggressively, 
the latter to do so defensively. w 
(in pass.) in contentionem venire, to be 
c’d: Cic.: also with adduci, deduci, 
vocari, etc. V. TO DISPUTE, 
contest (swbs.): 1, certamen, 
inis, m. (applicable tc all kinds of con- 
tests): @ wrestling c., luctandi ¢., 
Quint.: @ ¢. with two-horse chariots, 
pbijugum c., Virg-: the whole c. depended 
upon rapidity of movement, erat in celer- 
itate omne positum certamen, Caes. : 
to arrange a@c., certamina ponere, Virg. 
Fig.: ac. for honour and glory, honoris 
et gloriae c., Cic.: @ ©. of eloquence 
among young men, eloquentiae inter 
juvenes ¢., Quint.: J have a ¢. with you 
in defence of our altars and hearths, 
est mihi tecum pro aris et focis c., Cic. 


154 





certis hominum factis con- 
stituere; ¢. signifies @ dependamce upon 
various causes, *hoc est casu fieri, nempe 
ex variis causis s. casibus pendere. UL. 
Possible circumstance, event, etc.: casus, 
jis: v. ACCIDENT: OF eXpT. with verb: 
if this c. happens, quod si forte flat, 
eveniat. a c. of this sort may hap- 
pen, fieri potest ut res hujuscemodi 
eveniat, etc.: V. TO HAPPEN. 
contingent (adj.): fortuitus, quod 
casu fit, evénit; adventicius: Vv. ACCI- 
DENTAL; ¢. qualities, as opp. lo essen- 
tials, eventa rerum, Lucr. As logical 
t. t., *contingens : Aldrich. 
contingent (subs): (f troops) : 
quantum militum quaeque civitas mit- 
tere debet, based on Nep. Arist. 3 (R. 
and A.): *qui cujusque civitatis nu- 
merus militum ratus (justus) est, or 
quae portio, etc. Sometimes auxilia 
(-orum) will do. six legions and a large 
c. of auxiliary troops, sex legiones et 
magna equitum ac peditum auxilia, Cic. 
contingently: |. Accidentally : 
ex casu, fortuito, forte fortuna: v. AC- 
CIDENTALLY. ll. Dependently: ¢. 
upon the success of that movement, 
*prout ea res eveniret. 
continual : 1, perpétuus: 0 
be inc. peace, inp. pace esse, Cie. = Vv. 
PERPETUAL. Join: perpetuus atque 
constans, Cic.: V. CONSTANT. 2, conti- 
nens, ntis (i. e. uninterrupted : q. V.): C 
wars, Caes.: Cic. 3, continuus (same 
sense as continens): Caes.: Ov. . as- 
siduus ; the c. toil was wearying our men, 
a. labor nostros defatigabat, Caes.: ¢. ex 
ertion, opera a., Pl.: the ¢. incursions of 
barbarians, barbarorum incursusa., Suet. 
5, pérennis, € (prop. lasting all the 
year through): V- PERPETUAL, 
continually : 1, assidué: the 
conversations which I hear ¢., voces 
quas audio assidue, Cic. (assiduo, in less 
class. authors). 2, conmtinenter (i. e. 
without interruption or cessation) : V. 
INCESSANTLY- 3, continue (= con- 
tinenter, but rare): Varr. (N.B. Not 
continuo, at least in the best authors.) 
4, semper: V- ALWAYS. 
continuance : . Endurance : 
1, perpétuitas: bud he who distrusts 
the c. of his blessings must necessarily be 
in a state of fear, qui autem diffidit 
perpetuitate bonorum timeat necesse est, 
Cic. 9, dititurnitas (long continu- 
ance) Epicurus denies that long c. adds 
anything toa happy life, negat Epicurus 
d. temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid 
afferre, Cic. 3, continuatio (absence 
of cessation): ¢- of rain, c. imbrium, 
Caes. 4, assiduitas : the c. of vexa- 
tions, a. molestiarum, Cic. Phr.: @ 
long c., diuturnus: to be of long c., *in 
longum tempus durare: V- TO ENDURE, 
DURATION. _ [J. Abode, residence : Man- 
sio, rémansio: v. stay. Ill. Cc. of 
species : propagatio: v. PROPAGATION. 
continuation : |. The act or 
fact of continuing : continuatio the 
unalterable c. (carrying on uninterrupt- 
edly) of the eternal order, immutabilis 
c. ordinis sempiterni, Cic.: or expr. 
with verb: as, by the C. of their toil, 
continuato, continuando labore: v. TO 
CONTINUE. IL. Propagation : propa- 
gatio: V. PROPAGATION. Or expr. with 
verb: as, for the c. of @ race or family, 
ad genus faciendum, Just. (R. and A.) 
Il]. Concrete that which is carried 
on or continued: expr. with verb: a3, 
here follows the ¢. of the story, *deinceps 
sic continuatur, pergit, progreditur his- 
toria: V. REMAINDER, SEQUEL. 
continue: A. Intrans.: } 
To remain in @ state or place: 
miineo, si, sum, 2° nothing ¢.s always in 
its proper state, nihil semper suo statu 
m., Cic.: the war c.s, bellum m., Liv.: to 
c. in one’s first mind, in pristina mente 
m., Cic. Q. permaneo (to ¢. wnin- 
terruptedly): anger has c.d now a long 
time, ira jam permansit diu, Ter.: at 
‘Athens that custom has c.d now from 
Cecrops, Athenis jam ille mos a Cecrope® 
permansit, Cic. 3, rémineo: v, TO 
REMAIN. 4, sto, etéti, statum, 1 (esp. 


CONTINUITY 


CONTRACT 


CONTRADICTION 





poet.) the deeds of mortals will perish, 
much less may the honour and favour of 
words c. alive, mortalia facta peribunt, 
nedum sermonum sitet honos et gratia 
vivax, Hor. 5, dfro, 1 v. TO EN- 
DURE. 6 versor, 1 (to go to and fro, 
dwell, be): you can no longer c. with us, 
nobiscum v. jam diutius non potes, Cic. 
to c. within the ramparts, intra vallum 
v., Caes. 7, baereo, si, sum, 2: the 
earth, remaining immovable always c.s 
in the lowest place, terra, immobilis 
manens, ima sede semper h., Cic. Il. 
To persevere, be constant: persévéro, 
persisto: v. TO PERSEVERE, PEKSIST. 

mB Unans.: 1, continuo, 1 (to 
carry on uninterruptedly): to c. a jour- 
ney night and day, et nocte et die iter 
c, Cars.: to c. any one in office, alicui 
magistratum c., Liv. 2. prordgo, 1: 
esp. @ cummand, imperium p., Cic.: 
simly., spatium praeturae in alterum 
annum p., Front. Aq.: v. TO PROLONG. 

8. prodico, xi, ctum, 3- to c.a 
conversation Jar into the night, p. ser- 
Monem in multam noctem, Cic.: v. TO 
PROLONG. 4, prupago, 1: used like 
ne of prolonging a term of office: 

iv. 


continuity: 1, continuitas (v. 
rare): Varr.: Plin. 2. perpéiuitas : 
Cic.: c. of discourse, sermonis perpet- 
uitas, Cic. 

continuous: 1, continens: c. 
uninterrupted) discourse, Cc. oratio, 

ic.: v. foll. art. 2. continuus: c. 


mountains, montes c., Hor.: Cic. 3.: 


continuatus: Cic.: v. UNINTERRUPTED. 
4, perpétuus: he stations the soldiers 
with c. watches and posts, milites dis- 
ponit p. vigiliis stationibusque, Caes.- @ 
e. discussion, disputatio p., Cic.: v. SUC- 
CESSIVE. 
continuously : 1, continenter, 
Cic.: CONTINUALLY, UNINTERRUPTEDLY. 
2. Expr. with adj.: as, to commit 
to writing c., continentia [quaedam] 
literis mandare, as opp. to Vellicatim, 
saltuatim, v. Gell. 12, 15. 3, With 
abl. of manner: as, to treat a subject c., 
de aliqua re continua s. perpetua ora- 
tione scribere, disserere: v. preced. art. 
continuousness : continuitas : 
Varr.: Plin.: or, *continuatus ordo, 
series continuata atque ordo: v. CON- 
TINUOUS. 
2onvort: contorqueo, distorqueo, 2; 
d€pravo, 1: Vv. TO DISTORT. 
conto: : 1, contortus: dimin. 
contortiilus, of the petty word twisting 
of the Stoics . Cic. Q, distortus- Cic. 
(N.B. Contortus is stronger than dis- 
tortus =completely twisted out of shape : 
distortus refers to the deviation trom 
normal shape.) 3. pravus, déprava- 
tus: V, CROOKED. 
contortion: |. The act: contor- 
tio, distortio: v. DISTORTION: or expr. 
with part.: as, to indicate suffering by 
c. of the features, *contortis oris linea- 
mentis dolorem suum significare: v. TO 
contort. ||, The form itself as con- 
torted: contortiv, Cic.. v. DISTORTION. 
contour: 1, forma, figira: v. 
SHAPE, OUTLINE. 2. extréma linea- 
mentas v. OUTLINE. 
contraband: illicitus, vétitus. v. 
UNLAWFUL, FORBIDDEN. Phr.: c. trade, 
mercatura quae contra leges fit; merca- 
tura haud legitima: these articles are 
¢., *harum rerum commercium legiti- 
mum non est: v. TRADE. 
contract (v.) A, Trans: I. 
To draw into less compass : 1, in an- 
gustum addiico, conclido, etc.: to c a 
thing to narrow limits, in exiguum an- 
gustumque counciudere, Cic. Join: 
contrahere et adducere in ang., Cic. In 
the same way is used in artum cogere, 
colligere, Plin.: to confine oneself to c.’d 
limits, in artum desilire, Hor. , 
arto, 1. toc, the channel of the Tiber, 
alveum Tiberis c., Suet.: narvow passes 
c. the road, angustae fauces c. iter, Liv. 
3. contraho, xi, ctum, 3: Caesarc.’d 
oa a, er castra contraxit, Caes. : 
c. time of speaking, tempora dic- 
endi c., Quint.: toc. the hate eraenten 








c., Cie, 
usu. with some pbr. as in artum (v. 


4, cégo, cdégi, cdactum, 3° 


supr. ); so in breve c., Hor 5. 
cOangusty, I (rare): toc. the hives, alvos 
c., Varr.: v. TO COMPRESS. I]. To 
draw tight, compress: esp. of the fea- 
tures: 1, contraho, 3: toc. the brow, 
frontem c., Cic.: Ov 2. addiico, xi, 
ctum, 3: fo c. the brow ad. frontem, 
Quint. Sen.v.TO FROWN. 3, obdiico, 
xi, ctum, 3. let old age with c.d brow 
relax, obducta solvatur fronte senectus, 
Hor. : Sen. 4, astringo, nxi, cium, 
3: toc. the lips, labra a., Quint. 5. 
traho, xi, ctum, 3 (poet.): toc. the face, 
vultum t., Ov.: Lucr. Il. To bring 
on oneself, incur: ], contraho: in 
most uses of the English: to c. a disease, 
morbum c.. Plin, toc. odiumor hatred, 
invidiam, odium c., Cic.: to c. debts, 
aes alienum c., Cic.: but see DEBT 
(contrahit amicitiam in Cic. Am. 14, 
is it cements or leads to the formation 
of friendship). 2, wanciscor, nactus, 
3: V. TO GET, ACQUIRE. Phr.: toc. 


Jriendships, amicitias comparare, jun- | 


gere, Cic.; sibi purére, Nvp. v. FRIEND- 
sHip: to c. a habit, in consuetudinem 
(aliquam) se adducere, Caes.: v. TO ac- 
CUSTOM; HABIT. IV. Of alliances, 
etc. ; to form, enter into (see also supr. 
ILL): 1, contraho: a connection c.’d 
by marriage between Caesar und Pom- 
pey, affinitas inter Caesarem et Pom- 
peium contracta nuptiis, Vell.. to c. a 
marriage, matrimonium c., Suet. 74, 
adjungo, jungo, nxi, ctum, 3: toc. an 
alliance with any one, aliquem_ sibi 
societate et foedere adjungere, Caes. 

Liv 8. societatem cum aliquo fac- 
ere, Caes.: Vv. ALLIANCE. Vien 
marriage: spondeo, déspondeo: v. TO 
BETROTH. Vi. As Gram. ¢. ¢.: con 
traho. when two short (syllables) are 
c.d, they coalesce in a single long one, 
cum duae breves contrahuntur, in unam 
longam coalescunt, Macr. Gr.: also, 
imminuere verbum (as opp. to verbum 
plenum dicere), Cic. Or. 47, 157; in 
unam syllabam redigere, Macr. Gr. 
Rovlnitr: . To grow shorter or 
more limited : 1, Expr. with pass. of 
contraho, cdgo, etc., or with pron. re/l. : 
v. supr. (1.). 2. cdeo, 4, irr.: Ov. 
(who uses it of water narrowed and en- 


closed by promontories, “‘ quod coit an- | 


gustis inclusum cornibus aequor,” Met. 
5, 410). ||. Zo bargain: 1, loco, 
1 (of the party who hires the services of 
the other: usu. with ger. part.): to c. 
Jor the making of a statue, statuam 
faciendam 1., Cic.: also with subs. alone: 
to c. for clothes for the army, vestimenta 
exercitui 1. Liv. 2. condico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (of the party undertaking the 
work ; but also used in sense of to hive, 
q. V.: constr. same as 1): thecontractor 
who had c.d to make that column, re- 
demptor qui coluninam illam condux- 
erat faciendam, Cic.: to buy up andc. 
Jor taxes, vectigalia redimere et c., Liv. 
3. rédimo, émi, emptum, 3 (also of 
the party undertaking): to c. for a 
work, opus r., Cic.- Nep. 4, con- 
traho, 3 (gen. term: applicable to any 
business arrangement) : toc. for a pur- 
chase, emptionem c., Dig.: v. TO BAR- 
GAIN, STIPULATE. 
contract (subs.): |. Zn business : 
1, locatio (denoting the act of the 
party hiring services ; to which rédemp- 
tio and sometimes conductio are the 
correlatives: see verb) - the portico was 
being rebuilt by c. porticus locatione 
refici-batur, Cic. Att. 4, 3, init.: todo 
anything according to the terms of ac., 
ex lege lucationis aliquid facere, Edict. 
ap. Gell. 11, 17. 2. rédemptio (v. 
supr.): rashness in taking a c. (offering 
too much money for a tax), temeritas 
redemptionis, Cic. (In same sense is 





found also rédemptiira: Liv.) 8, con- 
ductio (v. swpr.): Cic.: Liv. 4, pac- | 
tum, pactio: Vv. AGREEMENT. §, Expr. 


with verb: as, to let out byc., locare ; 
to make money by c.s, *ex operibus, vec- 
tigalibus, etc., patrimonium s. rem fami- 
liarem augere (ior which Liv. has, ex 


redempturis) to make a good or badc., 
*bene, male locare, conducere: niminm 
magno conducere, Cic. (of farmers of 
taxes): in every kind of c¢., vr engage- 
ment, in omni re contrabenda, (ic. - see 
verb. 6, auctOramentum (isu.—htre, 
wages): the terms of a most honourable, 
most vile c., verba honestissimi, turpis- 
simi auc., Sen. Ep. 37, 1: see also BAR- 
GAIN, ENGAGEMENT. ||, Uf marriage: 
pactio nuptialis, Liv.; pacitum matri- 
monii, Tac.; tabulae sponsales, Hier., 
(Q.): fo annul a marriage c., *pactio- 
nem nuptialem inducere: v. TO ANNUL: 
see alsO BETROTHAL. 

contracted (part. and adj.): usu. 
in sense of limited, narrow: , an- 
gustus, artus (arctus): both of which 
are used in the sing. neut. substantively : 
v. TO CONTRACT (1.): c. boundaries, an- 
gusti fines, Caes.: c. means, res angusta 
domi, Juv. Q, contractus: c. poverty, 
c. paupertas, Hor. 3, brévis (when 
brevity is meant): the c. span of life, 
vitae summa brevis, Hor. 4. In fig. 
sense; esp. of the mind: ac. mind, ani- 
mus parvus, Hor.; stronger, animus 
pusillus, Cic.; animus humilis imbecil- 
lusque, id.; mens angusta, humilis, id.: 
V. PETTY, MEAN. 

contractibility. contractility: 
expr. with verb or contractio; as, the 
muscles have the quality of c., *musculi 
vim sui contrahendi habent; contrac- 
tionem laxationemque patiuntur. 

contractible; quod contrahi, se 
contrahere potest. 

contraction: |. The act: 1, 
contractio: the c. and stretching out of 
the fingers, c. et porrectio digitorum, 
Cic.: the c. of the eyebrows, supercilio- 
Tum c., of @ page, paginae, Cic.: of a 
syllable, syllabae, Cic.: Macr. Gr. Q, 
conductio: c. of the muscles (in disease), 
ce. musculorum, Coel. Aur. 3. Expr. 
with verb: as, by c. and expansion, *se 
contrahendo et rursus laxando: v. To 
CONTRACT. I]. The thing contracted ; 
an abbreviation in writing : scripturae, 
literarum compendium (compendium 
verborum would be economy of words 
in speaking cf. Pl. Mil. 3,1, 184): v. 
ABBREVIATION. 


contractor: 1. conductor: c. aedi- 
ficii, Cat. ; c. operis, Cic. 2. rédemp- 
tor: Cic.: Liv.: Hor. 3. manceps, 


cipis: the roads were rendered impussa- 
ble through the dishonesty of the c.8, 
itinera fraude mancipum interrupta, 
Cic.: Tac.: c.s for the supply of work- 
men, operarum mancipes, Suet. 4. 


susceptor: Cod. Theod. 5, pactor: 
i. €. @ bargainer : q. Vv. 
contradict : |. To oppose by 


words : 1, contradico, ixi, ictum, 3 
(with dat.: not so in Cic.)- to c. the 
opinions of others, sententiis aliorum c, 
Tac.: Quint. (In Cic. usu. two words, 
contra dicere absolutely ; or dicere con- 
tra foll. by acc.: v. AGAINST). >: 
obléquor, ciitus, 3 (with dat.): not so 
strong as the English: sometimes = to 
interrupt (q. v.): to appeal to, interrupt, 
c., converse with, appellare, interpellare, 
ob., colloqui, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, inet. 3, 
adversor, 1: i. e. to oppose (q. V.). Il. 
To be contradictory to: 1, pugno, 1: 
you were so senseless that throughout 
your speech you c.’d yourself, tam eras 
excors ut tota in oratione tua, tecum 
ipse pugnares, Cic. 2. répugno, I: 
V. CONTRADICTORY. Phr.: toc. oneself, 
pugnantia loqui, Cic.: more fully, quae 
inter se repugnent dicere: v. CONTRA- 
picrory: to c. in a clamorous 1 ay, in- 
genti clamore alicui obstrepere, Liv. (or 
simply obstrepere, i.e. to endea our 

to interrupt a person with bawling). 
contradiction: ||. ( pposiww by 
words: contradictio Tac.: Quint. (Or 
more freq. expr. with verb: as, nol to 
brook c., *aegre, moleste ferre sibi con- 
tradici; homines sibi interpellare, oblo- 
qui, contra se dicere, etc.: not to admit 
of c., in confesso esse, Sen.- without cy 
nullo interpellante, obloquente, contra 
dicente: see verb.) |], Jnconsistency: 
1, répugnantia: c. between things, 

155 


CONTRADICTIOUS 





I. rerum, Cic. Q. In pl. only: répug- 
nantia (n. pl. of part.): i. e. things con- 
tradicting each other: Cic.: Quint. 3. 
In pl.: quae inter se repugnant, pug- 
nant: Cic. 

contradictious: pugnax, conten- 
tidsus, adversandi studiosus ; interpel- 
tandi atque obloguendi studiosus: v. 
CONTENTIOUS. tran 

contradictorily (rare): contrarie: 
Cic. Part. 31, 108. Phr.: to speak c., 
sibi repugnare; pugnantia loqui: v. TO 
contTRabicT. (Not repugnanter alone: 
but perh. sibi repugnanter, €. J. after 
dicere.) , 

contradictory: |. Affirming the 
contrary (in logic): *contradictorius: 
Aldr. |]. Inconsistent: 1, pugnans, 
répugnans (in pl.): to say things ¢., 
pugnantia loqui, Cic. Join: diversa 
inter se atque repugnantia, Cic. Pep 
contrarius, diversus: Vv. CONTRARY. 
Phr.: to be c., pugnare, repugnare 
(inter se): that the same person bé 
happy and yet oppressed with many 


| 
evils ig very c., illud vehementer re- | 
pugnat eundem et beatum esse et multis 
malis oppressum, Cic.: Quint.: to be | 
extremely c. (of opinions), in maxima 
inconstantia versari, Cic.: V. INCON- 
SISTENT. : 
contradistinction : 1, opps- 
Sitio : V. CONTRAST. 9, distinctio, dis- 
crimen: v. DistrxctTioy. Chiefly used in 
phr. inc. to, *ut disparatum (cf. Quint. 5, 
II, 31, where disparata are distinguished 
from repugnantia): the New Testament 
inc. to the Old, *Novum Testamentum 
ut a Vetere discretum ac disparatum. 
contradistinguish: “res ut dis- 
paratas atque disjunctas spectare; dix 
jungere, opponere, v. TO DISTINGUISH, 
CONTRAST. 
contradistinguished: disparatus : 
Quint. 5, 11, 314 (the example of dis- 
parata there given is uf dura non durts ; 
of repugnantia, verwm falso). 
contrariety ; i.e. contrary nature: 
usu. expr. with adj. or verb: as, there 
is a c. between them, contraria sunt, re- 
pugnant inter se. (N.B. Contrarietas 
occurs in Macr., but is not necessary.) 
|. Inconsistency : répugnantia: v. 
CONTRADICTION. 


contrary (adj.): ]. Of place or 
direction: opposite : 


c. motion, c. motus, Cic. 


1, 


jectiny in c. directions, procurrentibus 
in diversa terris, Tac. 8. adversus : 
V. OPPOSITE. Il. Fig.: wnfavour- 
able: chiefly of weather: a c. wind, 
ventus adversus, molestus, Cic.; ventus 
contrarius, Ov. Or expr. with reflo, 1. 
when the wind is c., we are cast down, 
cum reflavit (as ppp. to prospero flatu 
uti), affligimur, Cic.: to be driven baci 
by c. winds. ventis reflantibus reijci, id. 
Tusc. 1, 49, 119: Vv. UNFAVOURABLE. 
Il]. Opposed to, inconsistent with : 
1, contrarius (with dat., or inter 
and pron. vefl.): on the c. side, ex c. 
parte, Cic.: cften used substantively 
(see foll. art... Join: contraria et 
diversa inter se, Cic. 9. diversus 
(esp. in Sall.): they expect at the same 
time most c. things, the pleasure of 
sloth and the rewards of energy, diversis- 
simas res expectant, ignaviae volup- 
tatem et praemia virtutis, Sall.. Caes. 
3, pugnans, répugnans, ntis: v. 
CONTRADICTORY. Phr.: to be c., pug- 
nare, repugnare, discrepare inter se, 
Cic.: see foll. articles. 
to (prep. phr.): 1. cone 
tri (with acc.: also foll. by conj.): 
c. to expectation, c. spem, Sall.: Liv.; 
c. exspectationem, Hirt.: ¢. to nature, 
c. naturam, Cic.: c. to what had been 
appointed, c. atque erat dictum, Caes. : 
by my fault things have been done c. to 
what you had arranged with me, tactum 
est mea culpa c, quam tu mecum egeras, 
Cic. 2, (less freq.) : adversus or ad- 
versum (with acc.): c. to the laws, 4, 
leges, Cic. 3. praeter (with aec.): 
many cnet have fallen out c. to our 
15' 








contrarius : 
9. diversus: | every virtue, omni Virtuti vitium con- 
horses galloping in a c. direction, in d.| trario nomine opponitur, Cic.: v. TO 
iter equi concitati, Liv.: the lands pro- | DIFFER. 


CONTRIBUTE 


CONTRIVE 





expectation, multa p. spem evenerunt, 
Plaut.: Nep.: c. to nature and to des- 
tiny, p. naturam p.que fatum, Cic. 

contrary (suvbs.) : 1, contrarium 
(in this sense, with gen.) : vices are the 
c.s to virtues, vitia sunt virtutum c., Cic. 
Esp. in phr. on thec., e or ex contrario, 
Cic.: to the c., in contrarium, id. (in 
same sense in contrariam partem, é. g. 
afferre, id.)- propositions are c.s, both of 
which cannot be true at once, c. dicuntur, 
quae simul vera esse non possunt, Gell. 
16, 8. (Not diversum, except perh. in 
phr. e diverso, Suet. Jul. 86: nor oppo- 
situm: see Gell. Ll. c.). 2, contraria 
pars: esp. in phr., ex c. parte, on the c. 
side, in c. partem (v. supr.) : Cic. 3. 
phr. on the c. (=on the other hand): 
contra (either as adv., or foll. by ea): 
as the one are miserable, so, on the c., 
the others are happy, ut hi miseri, sic 
c. illi beati, Cic.: on the c., they were 
generously helped by the despots of 
Sicily, c. ea benigne ab Siculorum 
tyrannis adjuti sunt, Liv.: Nep. ([Con- 
tra is mostly used alone when it may 
be rendered on the other hand; but 
when a contrast is to be strongly 
marked, contra ea is preferred. The 
fuller expressions given under (1) and 
(2) are to be used when “on the c.,”” 
“on the c. side.’’) 4, In conversa- 
tion =“ nay, on the contrary :’’ immo 
or imo: does he really make confession 
about the stranger ?—On the c., he de- 
nies it stoutly, etiam fatetur de hospite ? 
—immo pernegat, Pl. Most. 3, 1, 21: 
strengthened with vero: Cic.: v. No, 
NaY. 

contrast (v): A, Trans.: con- 
féro, comparo, contendo: as, c. the 
licentiousness of the one with the tem- 
perance of the other, confer hujus libi- 
dines cum illius continentia, Cic.: v. 
COMPARE. Contendo,denotes the most 
exact comparison, but not necessarily 
contrast any more than the others. 
More precisely perh., *duarum rerum 
oppositionem monstrare ; duas res con- 
ferre atque opponere inter se; (opponere 
is simply to set one thing off against 
another). B. Intrans.: to be op- 
posed to: discrépo, 1 (to differ greatly): 
cf. Hor.) Od. 3,249; or expr. with 
pass. of verbs under (A): as, there is a 
vice which c.s with [is set off against] 


contrast (subs.) : 1, contentio, 
compiratio (of the act of comparing) : 
v. COMPARISON, and preced. art. R 
diversitas (actual difference): by @ 
strange c. of nature, mira d. naturae, 
Tac. Ger. 15: V. DIFFERENCE. 3, Op- 
positio: how could energy be understood 
except from the c. of sioth? quid furti- 
tudo intelligi posset nisi ex ignaviae 
oppositione, Gell. 4, variétas: v. 
VARIETY. 5. expr. with verb: as, 
what a c. there is between, etc., quantum 
discrepant, etc.: V. TO DIFFER. 

contravallation: % form lines of 
c., *munimenta munimentis objicere, op- 
ponere (Kr.). 

contravene: vidlo, frango (v. TO 
BREAK, VIOLATE): adversur, résisto, etc. 
(v. TO OPPOSE). 

contravention: vidlatio: v. vIoLA- 
TIon. Or expr. with prep., verb, etc. : 
as, to act in c.of a law or treaty, contra 
legem, foedus facere; violare, etc.: v. 
VIOLATE. 

contribute: — |. Zo give or grant 
in common with others : 1, conféro, 
contili, collatum, 3: to c. to a common 
Jund, in commune c¢., Cic.: to c¢. corn, 
frumentum c., Caes.: to c. moneys, pe- 
cunias c., Suet, 9. contribuo, ui, 
titum, 3: to give and c. money, pecu- 
niam dare, c., Cic. (less freq. in this 
sense): lib. 3, May also be expr. with 
dare; v. supr. I]. To help towards 
anything : 1, afféro, 3, irr. (foll. by 
neut. pron. or adj., and ad): whatever 
we have c.d to the public welfare, quic- 
quid ad rempublicam attulimus, Cic. : 
to c. new arauments, nova argumenta 








af. Lact.: toc. to a happy life, ad beate 
vivendum aliquid af., Cic. 2. conféro, 
3 (constr. same as preceding): itis asked 
whether nature or learning c.s more to 
eloquence, quaeritur naturane plus ad 
eloquentiam conferat an doctrina, Quint. : 
Plin. 3. facio, féci, factum, 3: (in 
ceriain phr.): tw greatly c.s to success, 
plurimum facit (foll. by acc. and inf.), 
Quint. 4, Expr. by yen. of gerund. 
part. (with verb sum: see L.G. § 539): 
things which c.d to relax discipline, 
quae dissolvendae disciplinae essent, 
Liv.: things merely bringing glory, and 
not c.ing to bring the war to a close, 
quae gloriosa modo nec belli patrandi 
forent, Sall. (N.B. Not the dat., which 
denotes a purpose: in which sense the 
gen. is also used by Tac.) 5, pro- 
sum: vV. TO BENEFIT. Phr.: to ¢ 
greatly to something, magno, maximo 
momento esse ad rem: v. IMPORTANCE. 
See also TO AID, HELP. 

contribution : In general 
sense : 1, collatio, prop. voluntary 
as to the amount: a paltry c. is called 
c. stipis, aS compared with c. decimae 
(partis), Liv. 5, 25: in Tac. Ger. 29, 
collationes are classed with other onera. 

9. contribitio: Digest. 3, col- 

lecta (= Gr. ovpBodn, usu. in pl.: of a 
feast got up by joint contribution : ‘Ter. 
has, symbolam dare, Andr. 1, 1, 61, and 
de symbolis esse, i. e. edere, Kun. 3, 4. 
2): to levy such @ c. on a companion, 
collectam a conviva exigere, Cic. 4. 
tributum: v. TRIBUTE. §, Expr. by 
verb: as, to make large c.s, multa con- 
ferre, afferre ad aliquam rem: this is 
my single c. to the public service, *hoc 
unum ad rempublicam affero, etc.: v. 
preced. art. Phr.: to levy c.s, pecunias 
exigere, imperare, Cic.: to lay the trea- 
sury under c., erogare pecunias ex 
aerario, Cic. |]. Literary: Phr.: fo 
send many c.s to some learned journal, 
‘acta eruditorum multis accessionibus 
angere, Morus ap. Kr. In this sense 
commentarius and dimin. commentario- 
lus (-lum) might sometimes be used: 
as, we have received many c.s on the 
subject of this inscription, *multi ad 
nos pervenerunt de hac inscriptione com- 
mentarii. 

contributor: collator; or expr. 
with part.: as, burdensome to the c.s, 
*quod conferentibus oneri est: see verb. 

contrite : *corde contritus, or simply 
contritus: Aug.: V. PENITENT. 

contritely: *acerba poenitentia, 
corde contrito: V. PENITENTLY. 

contrition: 14, *contritio: Lact.: 
Aug. 2, poenitentia: v. PENITENCE, 
REPENTANCE, 

contrivance: _ |, The act of con- 
triving: 1. excdgitatio, inventio: v. 
INVENTION.. 2, machinatio: there has 
been given to some brutes a@ sort of ¢., 
data est quibusdam bestiis m. quaedam, 
Cic. 3. molitio (implying effort): 
Cic. (N.B. The notion may sometimes 
be conveyed by means of the plur. of 
concrete substantives: as, by whose c, 
was it breught about ? quorum arti- 
ficiis effectum est? Cic.: laying aside 
c. and deceit, remotis strophis et fucis, 


Sen.: see L. G. 591.) I]. Thing con- 
trived: 1, ars, artificium: v. ARTI- 
FICE. 2. inventum: all the Gods 


bring perdition on you, with that c. and 
project of yours! ut te omnes Dii cum 
istoc in. atque incepto perduint! Ter. 
8. (in comic writers): strdpha, 
techna: Vv. TRICK. 4, machina: J 
will devise some c. for getting gold, 
aliquam machinabor m. unde aurum 
efficiam, Plaut.: Cic.: Quint. 5, May 
be expr. with verb: as, O clever c.! O 
rem excogitatam ! Cic.: to hit wpon some 
c., aliquid comminisci atque excogitare : 
v. foll. art. 
contrive: 1, comminiscor, com- 
mentus, 3 (to devise, invent, make up): 
to c. a lie, mendacium c., PL: to c. @ 
crime, scelus c., Quint. 2. exci- 
gito, 1 (to think out): to make or ¢, 
something worthy of a gift of the Gods, 
aliquid dignum dono deorum aut efficere 














CONTRIVER 


aut ex., Cic.: v. TOINVENT. | 3, struo, 
xi, ctum, 3 (always in a bad sense): to 
¢. snares for any one, insidias alicui s., 
Liv.: to c. any one’s dvath, mortem 
alicui s., Tac. 4, machinor, 1 (with 
ingenuity): musicians have c.d these 
two things for pleasure, rhythm and 
song, haec duo musici machinati ad vo- 
luptatem sunt, versum atque cantum, 
Cic.: Lucr. Esp. in bad sense, to c. 
death for any one, necem alicui m., 
Liv. 5 invénio, véni, venium, 4 (¢o 
Jind out). I lately c.d a certain trict, 
inveni quandam nuper fallaciam, ‘Ter. . 
he could not c. how to support his un- 
Founded accusation, ile quomodo crimen 
commenticium confirmaret non invenie- 
bat, Cic. 6. molior, 4 (implying 
effort): to plot and c. some calamity for 
some one, struere et m. aliquid calami- 
tatis alicui, Cic. Phr.. to c. secret 
schemes, cousilia secreta coquere, Liv.: 
in general, to c. a plan may be expr. by 
cousilium, rationem inire: Cic. (v. 
PLAN): toc. deceit, dolum nectere, Liv. : 
to c. that something may come to pass, 
facere, efficere ut aliquid fiat, Cic. 
contriver: 1. mOlitor (usu. of 
some great work): the maker and c. of 
the universe, effector mundi m.que, Cic. : 


the c. of murder, caedis m., Tac. 9. | 
artifex, ficis (in this sense usu. with | 


bad application): c.s for corrupting the 
trial, artifices ad corrumpendum judi- 
cium, Cic.: a c. of misfortunes, a. ma- 
lorum, Ov. 3, inventor (v. INVENTOR): 
ac. of wickednesses, scelerum in., Virg. : 
Jem. inventrix, Virg. 4, machinator: 
a Join: architectus et machinator: 

ic. 

control (subs.): 1, mddératio: 
the c. of an unbridled people, m. effrenati 
populi, Cic. 2. pdtestas (usu. of 
Ss ta authority): let us recover our 

if-c., in p. nostram redeamus, Cato: 
to lose self-c., ex p. exire, Cic.: to be 
under any one's power and c., in alicujus 
ditione ac p. esse, Cic.. v. POWER, AU- 
THORITY 8, régimen, inis, ».: v. 
RULE, GOVERNMENT. Phr. to have the 
¢. over, praeesse, imperare, praefectum 
esse: V. TO COMMAND: possessing C., 
compos, Stis: esp. in phr. compos animi, 
Ter.; mentis c., Cic.: in sim. sense pd- 
tens is used: as, having c. over one’s 
anger, potens irae, Curt. ; destitute of 
it, impotens: to do anything in a pas- 
ston or from having lost self-c., aliquid 
iratum, impotenti animo facere, Cic.: v. 
UNGOVERNABLE. 

control (v.): 1. impéro, 1 (with 

t.): V.TO GOVERN. 2. modéror, 1 
(usu. with dat., esp. in this sense: v. TO 
RULE): to c. one’s tongue, m. linguae, 
Pi. to c. wives, uxoribus m.., Cic.: toc. 
one’s anger, iraem., Hor. 3, tempéro, 
1 (with dag. or ace.): Vv. TO REGULATE : 
the Genius which c.s my native star, 
Genius qui natale t. astrum, Hor.: 
Aeolus c.s their anger, Aeolus t. iras, 
Virg. (Moderor is to keep within 
bounds : tempero, to regulate and adjust 
duly.) 4, reprimo- comprimo- v, 
TO CHECK, REPRESS. 5, coerceo, 2 (to 
curb, restrain, coerce): to c. the desires, 
c. cupiditates, Cic. See also TO RE- 
STRAIN, MODERATE. Phr.. unable to 
c., impdtens, foll. by gen : v. preced. 


art, fin. 

controller: 1, méddérator, f. mo- 
dératrix: Cic. . glibernator, rector - 
vV. RULER. 3, Expr. with verb: qui 


temperat, comprimit, etc. v. preced. 
art. Phr.: c.(or comptroller) of taxes, 
(?) contrascriptor~ v. Forcell. s. v. 
controlling (part. adj.): pidtens, 
compos, dtis Vv. CONTROL (Jin.). 
controversial; concertatorius: used 
by Cic. with ref. to forensic eloquence 
*forense, concertatorium, judiciale ge- 
nus,” Brut. 83, 287. Phr.; intermi- 
nable c, discussions, infinitae concerta- 
tionumque plenae disputationes, Cic.: a 
¢, matler: res controversa et plena dis- 
sensionis inter doctissimos, id. Leg. 1, 
20, 52; by meton. the c. pen, pugnax 
et quasi bellatorius stilus, Plin. Ep. 7, 
9, 7 (where again the reference is to the 





CONVENKER 


bar): c. writings, *libri theologici qui 
de rebus controversis scripti sunt: c. 
theology, *theologia ea quae in rebus 
dubiis atque controversis versatur; the- 
ologiae ea pars quae se in discrepantium 
opinionum disceptatione jactat (Kr. and 
G.) N.B. Not controversialis or con- 
troversiosus, which are unnecessary and 
without good authority, 
controversialist ; *homo contro- 
versiarum s. concertationum peritus: in 
divinity, *controversiarum doctor. 
controversy : 1, concertatio: a 
barren c. about words, jejuna verborum 
c., Cic.: discussions abounding in ¢., 
concertationum plenae disputationes, 
id.: v. DISPUTE. 9. controversia 
(properly in law ; but common in gene- 
ral sense): to bring a thing into c., rem 
in c. vocare, adducere, Cic.; deducere, 
Caes.: to put an end to ac., c. tollere, 
dirimere, Cic.: to settle or arrange ac., 
c. componere, Caes.; sedare, Cic.: there 
is ac. among writers about the number 
of years, c. est inter scriptores de nu- 
mero annorum, Cic. 3. disceptatio: 
i. e. a debate; not implying any un- 
friendly feeling: Vv. DISPUTE. 4, dis- 
sensio: i. e. difference of opinion: v. 
DISAGREEMENT. Phr.: the c. 7% still 
undecided, adhue sub judice lis est, 
Hor. : the matter of c., id de quo agitur, 
Cie. In abstract sense, as fond of c., 
the plur. of concertatio or controversia 
had better be used, as, a theologian de- 
voted to c., *doctor [theologicus} concer- 
tationibus atque controversiis deditus, 
totus in illis: see L. G. 591. 
controvert: impugno, t (with acc.): 
V. TO ASSAIL, DispuTE. Or expr. with 
controversia: v. preced. art. See also 
TO REFUTE, CONFUTE. é 
controverted (part. adj.) : contro- 
versus: te assume as certain what is 
doubtful and c., id sumere pro certo 
quod dubium c.que sit, Cic. (But there 
is no such verb as controverto ) 
controvertible : *quod in contro- 
versiam s. disceptatiouem, etc., vocari 
s. adduci potest: v. conTROYs:RSY : *quod 
impugnari, contra [in contrariam) partem 
dici, disputari potest . v. TO DISPUTE. 
contumacious : 1, contimax, 
acis: c. words, c. voces, Tac.: Cic.: also 
used in legal sense: Hermog. Dig. 2, 
pertinax; Vv. OBSTINATE. 8. refrac- 
tarius (rare); Join: contumax ac re- 
fractarius; Sen,; v. REFRACTORY. 
contumaciously:  contiimaciter, 
Cic.: Liv. 
perm cineca i, contil- 
contumacy macia; Cic.: 
Liv. 9. contiimax animus: Tac.: v. 
INSOLENCE, OBSTINACY. 
contumelious: contiimélidsus, pro- 
brosus: v. INSULTING. 
contumeliously: contiimélidsé: v. 
INSOLENTLY. Somewhat c., subcontimé- 
lidsé, Cic. 
contumely: Expr. with pl. of con- 
tumélia: as, to heap c. upon any one, 
plurimas c. alicui imponere: simly. with 
probrum: as, aliquem probris vexare, 
Cic.: v. INSULT, AFFRONT. 
contuse: 1, contundo, tidi, tisum, 
3: V. TO BRUISE and foll. art. 2A 
sigillo, 1: c.d or bruised parts, sugil- 
lata aut liventia, Plin. 20, 6, 56. 
contusion: 1. contisio: to be 
good for c.s (bruises), ad c. prodesse, 
Scrib. 2, contusum: Plin. 
convalescence: i. e. state of one 
recovering health: expr. with verb; as, 
it is good for persons in a state of c., 
convalescentibus utile est, convenit, 
Plin.: there is great enjoyment in c., 
*convalescentium magnae voluptates 
sunt: (convalescentia is found in Symm., 
but should be avoided); v. foll. art. 
convalescent: expr. with conva- 
lesco, valui, 3: to be good for c. patients, 
convalescentibus utile esse, prodesse, 
Plin.: v. TO RECOVER. 
convene: [ad concilium] vocare, con- 
vocare : V. TO ASSEMBLE, SUMMON. With 
ref. to the senate, senatum vocare, con- 
vocare, cogere, Cic. 
convener: Phr.. to be c. of a 








CONVERGENCE 








committee, *consilii convocandi jus hab 
ere. 

convenience : 1, commédditas: 
esp. of opportunity (“in loco opportu- 
nitas, in occasione commoditas ad fac- 
iendum idonea consideranda est,”’ Cle, 
Inv. 2, 12, 40): to have regard to c. (in 
building a house), commoditatis dili- 
gentiam adhibere, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138: 
V. ADVANTAGE. Q, opportiinitas (esp. 
of place: v. supra): certainly in war 
c. of positions 1s of advantage, certe in 
armis locorum valet op., Cic.: also of 
time and other things: op. temporum, 
Cic. 8. itilitas, fisus: v. EXPE- 
DIENCY, UTILITY. Phr.: as far ag 
suits your c., quod commodo tuo fiat, 
Cic.: to have regard for one’s own c., 
sibi servire, Cic.: so of things intended 
for the convenience of persons, Plin.: 
Front.: to form one’s plans according 
toc., ad tempus consilium capere, Cic. 

convenient: |. 2: coming, proper: 
esp. after the verb to be: when it may 
be rendered by convenire, decere: v. TO 
BECOME, BEFIT, etc. Il. Opportune, 
serving to utility: 1, commédus: 
i. e. generally advantageous or desirable: 
a dress c. for running, vestis ad cursum 
c., Ov.: the most c. passage to Britain, 
commodissinius in Britanniam trajectus, 
Caes.: c. winter quarters, hiberna c., 
Liv. Very c., percommddus, Liv. ne 
opportiinus: esp. of pluce: ac. place, a 
suitable time, op. locus, tempus idoneum, 
Cic.: things c. for separate purposes, res 
op. singulae rebus singulis, id.: v. surr- 
ABLE, 8, iddneus: i. e. answering a 
particular end: Vv. FIT, SUITABLE 4, 
habilis, e: esp. of things worn, handled, 
or manipulated: swords of c. length, 
gladii habiles brevitate, Liv.: material 
light and c. for the purpose, materia 
levis et ad rem h., Sen.: Cic. Join: 
habilis et aptus, Cic. 5, accommaé 
datus, appositus: Vv. ADAPTED, FIT. 
Phr.: @ c¢. season, occasio: “ tempus 
actionis opportunum, Graece evxarpia, 
Latine appellatur occasiv,” Cic.: more 
¢c. seasons, Majores occasiones, Cic.: also 
opportunitas temporis, id. (or opportu- 
nitas alone); also tempus alone; esp. 
in abl. tempore, at a c. time, as opp. to 
tempore non apto, Oy.: Cic.: Ter. 

conveniently : 1, commddé : 
Caes.: Cic. Very c., percommdde, Cic 
N.B. Not commédum, which means just 
at the time: Ter.: Cic. 2. oppor- 
tiiné, iddneé, apté: v. SUITABLY. 

convent: coendbium, monastérium: 
V. MONASTERY, MONASTIC. 

conventicle (a word used only in 
invidious sense): conventictiiInm: rare: 
but used in Cic. for an assembly or meet- 
ing, in Tac. for the place of meeting. 
Tac. has conciliabula in a somewhat 
similar sense to that of the English: 
“per conciliabula et coetus seditiosa 
disserebant,” A, 3, 40. 





convention: |, Assembly: con- 
tio, conventus: v. ASSEMBLY. ||, An 
agreement : 1, conventio: Liv.: 


‘Tac. 2. pactum: v. AGREEMENT. 

conventional: i. e. having only the 
force of general consent : no exact word. 
Phr.: “signs arbitrary and c.” *notae 
quae nonnisi ex usu tralaticio signifl- 
cationem trabunt; quae usu inter ho- 
mines receptae sunt, in usu totae contl- 
nentur: v. USUAL. 

converge: vergo, 3. prop. to slope, 
incline; hence requiring in medium, in 
se, or some such phr. to be added. cf. 
Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116, where it is used of 
the particles composing the earth con- 
verging towards the centre, in medium 
vergentes. (Lucr. uses declinare, in- 
clinare of his converging atoms, 2, 221, 
243) of rays of light, *in uno puncto 
concurrere, congregari, coire, Des Cart. 
Diopt. (N.B. Not convergo, a word which 
is not found.) Fig.. all these lines of 
argument c., *omnia haec argumenta in 
unum tendunt: v. TO TEND. 

convergence yernr: with verb: as, 

convergency § there must be a slight 
c., paulum inclinare necesse est corpora 
Lucr. 2, 243, 4, etc.. see verb. 

57 


CONVERGENT 


convergent (adj.): quae in unum 
Vergunt, etc. see verb. 

conversable: 1. affabilis: v. aFr- 
FABLE. (N.B. The Latin word does not 
imply any condescensiun.) 2. comis: 
v. COURTEOUS. 
_conversableness: 
litasque sermonis, Cic. 

conversably ; affabiliter: Macr.: 
Gell. 


comitas affabi- 


conversant: péritus, exercitatus: 
V. EXPERIENCED, PRACTISED. Phr.: 
perfectly c. with law, in jure paratissi- 
mus, Cic.: c. with incessant labour, 
labore assiduo assueti, Cic.: c. with 
Greek and Latin literature, doctus et 
Graecis literis et Latinis, Cic.: v. 
LEARNED. Esp. in phr. to be c. with, 
i. e. to have much to do with, deal with : 
(1) versor, 1: to be c. with all liberal 
arts, in omnibus ingenius artibus v., 
Cic.: shall not he (the orator) be c. with 
measures and numbers ? circa Mensuras 
ac numeros non versabitur orator? Cic.: 
men c. with a variety of public affairs, 
viri in rerum varietate versati, Cic. 
always c. with arms, semper inter arma 
versatus, Vell.: very ce. with, multum 
versatus in aliqua re, Nep. (2.) ratio- 
nem habere cum aliqua re: i. e. to have 
to do with it: V.TO DEAL WITH. 

conversation: , Conduct gene- 
rally (obsol. in this sense): conversa- 
tio, vita: V. CONDUCT, BEHAVIOUR. — I], 
Talk : 1, colldquium (esp. but not 
solely, of conversation jor some particu- 
lar purpose: Vv. CONFERENCE: in the 
same sense is used collocutio, Cic.): he 
is not in want of another’s c., colloquio 
alterius non eget, Cic.: the c.s of absent 
friends (i. e. epistolary correspondence), 
colloquia amicorum absentium, Cic.: to 
have secret c.s with any one, secreta c. 
cum aliquo serere, Liv. 2. sermo, 
Gnis, m. (the most general term for all 
kinds of discourse: q. v.): to carry on 
a ¢. with any one, s. cum aliquo con- 
ferre, Cic.; sermones caedere (comicé), 
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3,1: they joined in much 
and various c., multa inter sese vario s. 
serebant, Virg.: to begin o7 open c., ser- 
monem occipere, Ter.: 4o lengt/.en out 
c. purposely, longiorem consulto insti- 
tuere s., Caes.: to prolong a feast till 
late in the night with varied c., convi- 
vium ad multam noctem vario s. pro- 
ducere: cf. Hor. aestivam sermone 
benigno tendere noctem; and Pl. diem 
terere sermone: the language of c. or 
correspondence, soluta oratio qualis in 
sermone et epistolis, Quint. : to become a 
topic of general c.,in sermonem homi- 
num venire, Cic. 8. sermdcinatio 
(rare): Gell. 4. congressus, con- 
gressio: v. INTERVIEW. 5. confabii- 
latio (v. rare): Symm. Pbr.: to hold 
c. with any one, colloqui: v. TO CON- 
VERSE. = |. Cv tminal c.: adultérium: 
Vv. ADULTERY. 

conversational : expr. with sermo: 
as, c. language (soluta) qualis in sermone 
est, Cic.; sermoni propior, Hor. 

converse (v): 1. colléquor, citus, 
3: toc. with one another, inter se c., 
Cic. ; with anybody, cum aliquo c., Cic. ; 
by m2ssengers, per internuncios, Nep. 
(N.B. Pl. construes the verb with an 
acc. of the person.) 2. congrédior, 
gressus, 3: i.e. to have an interview 
with, V. INTERVIEW. 8, expr. with 
sermo: as, sermonem cum aliquo con- 
ferre, serere, caedere, etc.: V. CONVER- 
BATION. 4. confabilor, 1 (rare): Pl 
Ter.: also fabulor, Pl.: Suet. 5. 
sermocinor, 1 (rare) . Cic. 

converse (suus.) : |. Intercourse : 

], congressus, is: familiar c., c. 


familiaris, Cic.. Vv. SOCIETY, INTER- 
COURSE. 2. congressio = congressus : 
Cic.:; v.COMPANY,CONVERSATION. [I 


In logic: expr. by Quint. by the word 
retrorsum, thus in some propositions 
the c. ts also true, quaedam et retrorsum 
idem valent, 5, 9, 6: also, of other the c. 
ts not wrue, quaedim in contrarium non 
recurrunt, ib. As logical ¢.¢.: *con- 
versus: Aldr. 
conversely : 
158 


retrorsum Cic. : 





CONVEY AWAY 


Quint. : v. preced. art. As logical t 67 
*e converso: v. preced. art. 

conversion: _ |. Ingeneral sense, 
turning or changing: conversio, com- 
mitatio: v. CHANGE. |]. The c. of 
a syllogism: conversio: Aldr. Mb. 
Religious: *conversio: “sincera ad 
Deum et omne bonum conversio,” Hel- 
vet. Conf.: to labour after the c. of the 
Treathen : *\aborare ut gentes ad Christi 
fidem convertantur. 

convert (v.): |, To change or 
turn from one state, etc., to another: 
converto, verto; muto, commuto: TO 
TURN, TRANSFORM. |]. In logic : con- 
verto, 3: Aldr. Ul. Zo alter a per- 
son’s opinion by persuasion: aliquem 
de sententia (sua) deducere, dejicere, 
demovere, Cic.: in pass., to be c.’d (in 
addition to the passives of the above), 
sententia, de sententia, decedere, desis- 
tere; sententiam mutare, Cic. IV. 
To turn to a new religious faith : ad 
Deum convertere, Vulg.; ad fidem 
Christi convertere, Beda. (In pass. may 
be expr. wiih transire, etc. ). V. To 
turn to one’s own use: verto, ti, sum, 3: 
to c. money to one’s own uses, pecuniam 
ad se v.: Cic.: Vv. TO APPROPRIATE, 
APPLY. 

convert (suvbs.): disciptilus: v. DIs- 
CIPLE. a nec. nedphytus: Tert. (Or 
expr. with part. of converto: see verb.) 

converted (part. He : theol. t. t.: 
qui ad Deum, ad fidem Christianam con- 
versus est: V. TO CONVERT. 

convertible; commiutabilis: Cic. 
(or expr. with verb: as, quod mutari, 
verti, converti, etc., possit). Esp. of 
propositions: @ ¢. proposition, quod re- 


trorsum idem valet, Quint.;: v. Com 
VERSE. 
convex: 1, convexus (also ap- 


plicable to what is concave: q. v.): the 
c. globe, c. orbis, Cic. 9. gibbus- 
opp. to concavus, Cels. 8,1: v. GIBBOUS. 

convexity: convexitas, Plin.: 
*forma rotunda atque convexa: Vv, 
preced. art. 

convey: |. To carry, bear, trans- 
port: 1, advého, vexi, vectum, 3 (to 
c. toa place): esp. in s.: I went on 
board the boat and am c.d to the ship, 
ascendi in lembum atque ad navem ad- 
vehor, Plaut.: Cic. 2. convého, 3 (to 
bring together or from several quarters) : 
to c. corn from the neighbouring dis- 
tricts into the city, frumentum ex fini- 
timis regionibus in urbemc., Caes. 3, 
déporto, 1 (to c. down or to a place of 
destination): he will c. you down to 
Leucas, te Leucadem deportabit, Cic. : 
the ships had c.d a part of the army 
thither, naves partem exercitus eo de- 
portaverant, Caes.: to c. corn into the 


| camp, frumentum in castra d., id. 4, 


asporto (i. e. absporto: to c.away) to 
c. things away in vehicles, res asp. vehi- 
culis, Liv.: Cic. 5. dévého, 3 (—de- 


| porto). toc. corn toa spot, framentum 


aliquo d., Caes.: toc the wounded into 
the town, saucios in oppidum d., Liv. 

6. pervého, 3 (toc. to the end): to 
c. supplivs anywhere, commeatus p., 
Liv. (N.B. For feroand its compounds, 
which are chiefly used of bearing on the 
person or in the hands, see TO BRING: 
also TO CARRY.) I]. Zo transfer pro- 
perty legally. transcribo (?)- v. TO 
TRANSFER: to c. auay, abaliéno, 1: v. 
TO ALIENATE. Ill. Fig.: to impart: 
as, to c.an impression, significo, 1. v. 
TO MEAN, SIGNIFY: perhaps I have un- 
intentionally c.’d a@ wrong impression, 
*fortasse imp'udens minus diligenter 
rem significaverim ; in sententiam minus 
rectam [te] deduxerim. 

— across: 1, transmitto, misi, 
missum, 3. the army is quickly c.d 
across, exercitus celeriter transmittitur, 
Caes. ‘lac. 9. transvého, 3: toc. 
across, milites tr., Caes.: Liv. ah 
transjicio (trajicio), jéci, jectum, 3: to 
c. the soldiers across a river, milites 
trans flumen tr., Liv.: (aes. 4, 
transporto: v. TO TRANSPORT. 

— away: 1, asporto, 1. v. 
preced. art. (4). Q. aufero, 3, irr: 





CONVINCE 


v. TO CARRY awa. Phr.: foc.oneself 
away to an island, abdere se in insulam, 
Tac.: Caes.: Cic.; se amovere, ‘Ter.: 
Liv.: v. TO RETIRE, WITHDRAW. 

convey down: déporto, dévého: v. 
preced. art. 

—— up: 1, subvého, 3: toc. 
corn in ships up the river Arar, fru- 
mentum flumine Arari navibus s., Caes. : 
the roads by which supplies were c.’d 
Jrom Samnium, viae per quas commea=- 
tus ex Samnio subvehebantur, Liv. : the 
frequent. subvecto is used in the same 
way: Tac. 2. supporto, 1: to ¢. 
corn and supplies up from the country 
of the Sequani, frumentum commeatus- 
que ex Sequanis s., Caes.: Liv. 

conveyance: |. The act: por- 
talio, vectio, vectiira, advectio (to @ 
pluce): v. CARRIAGE. Also, invectio 
(i: to a place), asportatio (away from @ 
place), exportatio (out of a country), 
transportatio, transmissio (across). Or 
perh. better expr. with verb: as, for 
the c. of supplies, *ad commeatus ve- 
hendos, subvehendos, etc.: Vv. TO CON- 
VEY. Il. Instrument of c.: - 
vectira (prob. only in pl.): rowers, 
arms, corn, ¢.s were ordered, remiges, 
arma, frumenta, vecturae imperabantur, 
Caes. 2. vébicilum: Cic.: v. VE- 
HICLE. ff. In law: of property: 
transcriptio (?), Gai. 3, 128: the instru- 
ment, transcriptionis s. abalienationis 
litterae: v. Gai. l. c. 

conveyancer: tabellio, Snis (a per- 
son whose business was to draw up 
deeds): Ulp. 

convict (v.): 1, convinco, vici, 
victum, 3 (usu. with gen. of the offence, 
sometimes abl. or in and abl.): to c. 
any one of inhumanity, of folly, aliquem 
c. inhumanitatis, amentiae, Cic.: to c.on 
many charges of avarice, multis avari- 
tiae criminibus c., Cic.: to bec.’d ina 
similar offence, in pari peccato con- 
vinci, Cic.: to be c.’d of having done 
anything, aliquid fecisse convinci, 
Liv. Q. réviuco, 3 (less frequent: 
constr. same as convinco): to bec.'d in 
a lie, in mendacio revinci, Ulp.: ‘Tac. 
(Prob. not in Cic.; for revinci, Arch. 6, 
means to be disproved.) 3, damno, 
condemno, 1 (of the judicial sentence) : 
Vv. TO CONDEMN. 4, cdarguo, i, itum, 
3 (not judicial: usu. with acc. and gen.) = 
toc. any one of avarice, aliquem avari- 
tiae c., Cic.: Liv. 5, compério, 4: 
v.To peTKcT. Phr.: to be plainly cd 
by witnesses, testibus in re perspicua 
teneri, Cic.: Quint. 

convict (subs.): quiad poenam dam- 
natus est: Plin. Ep. 0, 44 (41): Vv. foll. 
art. 

convicted: convictus, révictus, com- 
pertus, etc.: v. supr.: clearly c., mant- 
festus (with gen.): c. of a lie, men- 
dacii m., Pl.- c. of capital offences, re- 
rum capitalium m., Sall. 

conviction: |, The act of find- 
ing guilty: 1, damnatio: most cruel 
c.s of accused persons, reorum acerbis- 
simae d., Cic.: ¢. for bribing, d. ambi- 
tus, Cic. (less freq., condemnatio: Ulp.) 

Q, If the proof of guilt rather than 
the sentence be meant, expr. with verb: 
as, to bring about thec. of an accused 
person, *efficere ut sceleris manifestus 
fiat: to have as clear as possible ac. of 
the conspirators, conjuratos quam maxi- 
me manifestos habere, Sall.: v. preced. 
articles. Il. State of being sensible 
of guilt: conscientia : v. CONSCIOUSNESS. 

Ill. Act of convincing of erior: per- 
suasio: Vv. PERSUASION, IV. Belief: 
Phr.: Fhave a strong c., mihi persua- 
sum, persuasissimum est, Cic.: magnus 
mihi animus est (where hope and desire 
are implied), Tac. Agr. 30, imif.: v. 
BELIEF, PERSUASION. 

convince: 1, persuadeo, si, sum, 
2 (with dat. or absol.): they especially 
desire toc. (their pupils) of this, that 
souls do not perish, imprimis hoc volunt 
p., non interire animas, Vaes.: Cic. The 
pass. to be expr. by pron. reflect., or by 
pass. impers. (v. L. G, § 291 Obs. 1): 2 


wish you to be c.d of th’s, that I or 





<i 


CONVINCING 


cooL 


COOPERATION 





no occasion fail to aid your plans, velim 
tibi ita persuadeas, me tuis consiliis 
nullo loco defuturum, Cic.: he for his 
part was c.d, sibi quidem persuaderi 
(foll. by ace and inf.),Caes. N.B. Per- 
suadeo may be used with acc. of neut, 
pron., acc. to L. G, § 253, but not with 
an ordinary ace. 2, ad sententiam 
aliquam addiico, déduco: i.e. to bring 
over to a certain opinion or resolution : 
v. TO converT (ILI.) Phr.: I have 
been c.d by experience, I am c.d, com- 
pertum habeo, Sall.; mihi exploratum, 
persuusissimum est, Cic. (all foll. by 
acc. and inf. [persuasum habeo is doubt- 
ful]. cf. conviction, fin.). (Obs. Not 
convinco, which is to convict, prove, 
conjute). 

convincing (24j.): 1, ad per- 
suadendum aptus, accommodatus: see 
verb. 2, Use magnus, quantus, etc. : 
as, it ts a c. proof, magno argumento 
est (foll. by ace. and inf.): Cic. 3. 
persuasibilis: Quint. Phr.: c. argu- 
ments, argumenta firma ad probandum, 
Cic. (if by way of refutation, ad errores 
refellendos, convincendos: v. TO RE- 
FUTE). 

convincingly : apposite (apte, etc.), 
ad persuadendum, Cic.: v. FITLy: (per- 
suasibiliter occurs in Quint.). Some- 
times graviter may do: v. WEIGHTILY. 

convivial: expr. with convivium, 
etc.: as, c. entertainments, cOmissa- 
tiones, convivia: c. enjoyments, convi- 
viorum oblectamenta, etc.: v. ENTER- 
TAINMENT. (Cic. has epularis, and Liv. 
convivalis in the sense of appertaining 
to entertainments.) Sometimes=merry : 
hilaris ; qui genio (suo) indulgere solet : 
V. GENIAL. 

conviviality: may often be expr. 
with pl. of convivium: as he was not 
given to ¢., non in conviviis versatus est, 
Cic. pro Quint. 18, 59: still stronger is 
comissationes: thus Liv. has, convivils 
comissationibusque otium terere, 40, 13: 
or expr. with verb: as, convivari fre- 
quenter ac large, Suet. Sometimes = 


mirth, genial temper: hilaritas; inge- 


nium ad convivia aptum, pronum: v. 


GENIALITY. — 
convocation: |. The act of con- 
voking: convocatio: v. CONVENE: also 


used for, |j, Zhe assemblage: convo- 
catio, M. L. 

convoke: convico, vdco, cdgo: v. 
TO CONVENE, ASSEMBLE. 
_ convolution: spira: the c.s of the 
intestines, spirae intestinorum, Lact. 

convolvulus; convolviilus: Plin. 

convoy (v.): 1, dédiico, xi, ctum, 
3: V. TO ESCORT. g, cOmitor, 1: i.e. 
t accompany, q. V.: or more precisely, 
*praesidii causa comitari. 

convoy (subs.): |. A train or 
company : 1, commeatus, ts: esp. 
of supplies: V. CARAVAN. 2. cdmi- 
tatus, Us: Vv. TRAIN. I]. The protect- 
ing escort: praesidium: applicable to 
any guard: “ praesidium dedit ut tuto 
perveniret,” Nep, Epam. 4: so, to serve 
as ac., may be expr. by praesidio esse 
[in itinere], v. PROTECTION: a c. of 
ships, praesidiariae naves. 

convulse: |, Zo shake violently: 

1, conciitio, cussi, cussum, 3: tuc. or 
disturb the commonwealth, rempublicam 
c., Cic.: Vell.: v. TO SHAKE. 2, con- 
vello, velli, vulsum, 3: to c. the state, 
c. statum civitatis, Cic.: v. TO OVER- 
THROW. 3, labéfacto, collibéfacto, 
1 (i.e. to shake so as to endanger): 
Join: labefactare atque convellere, Cic. 

4, Agito, vexo, I: v. TO AGITATE, 

HARASS. But none of the above is 
quite so strong as the Eng.: perh. to 
c. the state, may be expr. by rempub- 
licam atrociter vexare, seditionibus agi- 
tare, etc. Phr.: to tec.d with laugh- 
ter, risu corruere, Cic. ; risu emori, ‘Ter. : 
v. LAUGHTER. Ll. In medicine: to 
cause convulsions, convulsiones, spasmos 
facere, spasmo vexare:; v. CONVULSION, 
SPASM. 

convulsed: (medical) convulsus 
Suet.: Quint.: v. foll. art. 


convulsion: |. In gen. sense- 


eee eS ESSE Ee ee ee eae 


a volent disturbance: motus, pertur- 
batio Vv. COMMOTION, DISTURBANCE. 
But neither of the above is sufficiently 
strong: Cic. has “ videtis in quo motu 
temporum, quanta in conversione rerum 


ac perturbatione versemur,” Fl. 37, 
extr. ||, Medical: 1, convulsio. 
often in pl.: Cels.: Plin. 2. spas- 


mus, i to suffer from c.s, spasmo 
vexari, Scrib.. it prevents c.s, spasmos 
fieri prohibet, Plin.: also spasma, Atis, 
n.: id. 

convulsive: spasticus: Plin. 

convulsively; *utspasmo laborans, 
quasi spasmo aliquis vexaretur. 

cony:; cliniciilus: v. RABBIT. 

coo (v.): precise word not known 
Virg. uses gémo (Kcl. 1, 59), Hor. qué- 
ror, Epod 2, 26. Plin. calls the coo of 
the dove gemitus, 10, 35, 52. Phr.: to 
bill and c., labris columbari, Messal. ap. 
Sen. Ep. 1143 basia [inter se] dare co- 
lumbatim, Anthol.; v. TO BILL. 

cooing (subs.): gémitus, ts, Piin. 
(v. supr.). Fig.: billing and cooing 
perh., exosciilatio: which Plin. (I. c.) 
uses of the action of birds. or expr. 
with verb: v. preced. art. 

cooing (@dj.): quériilus: Ov. 

cook (v.): |, Trans.: cdquo, 
coxi, coctum, 3: toc. a dinner, coenam 
c., Pl.: toc. food, cibum c., Lucr.: ciba- 
ria c., Liv.: Cic.: also absol.- we have 
come to the wedding toc. venimus coc- 
tum ad nuptias, Pl. Herce the comps., 
incdquo, to c. (esp. to boil) in something, 
as tn oil, ete.: Plin.: to c. thoroughly, 
percdquo, id.: also concdquo, décdquo 
(rare in this sense). Phr.: to soften 
food by c.ing, cibos mitigare, Cic.; igne 
{ferventi aqua} mollire. Sen.: to be 
more readily c.'d (by boiling), celerius 
madescere,Col. (N.B. Not paro; which 
would mean to get food.) Il. 70 prac- 
tise as cook: céquino, 1: Pl.: but v. 
supr. lI]. Intrans.: to become 
ready for food: igni, aqua ferventi 
molliri, mollescere; madescere (by 
boiling): v. supr. See also TO BOIL, 
ROAST, etc. 

cook (subs.): 1, cdquus, f. cdqua: 
Pl.: Cic. (also written cdcus, cdca): a 
Female c., also céctila, Varr. 2. cili- 
narius, Scrib.: in pl. culinariae operae, 
Front. 3, head-c (ofa large cuisine), 
archimagirus: Juv. Belonging to a c., 
céquinarius: Varr. 

cooking: coctiira (esp. of boiling) : 
Col.: Plin. Or expr. with verb: as, to 
use fire for c. food, igne cibos mollire ; 
igne ad cibos mitigandos uti, etc.: see 
verb. Often used as substantival prefix ; 
where it may be expr. with coquina- 
Tius: as, c. vessels, Vasa coquinaria, Plin. 
(Less freq. culinarius: v. CULINARY.) 

cook-shop: popina: Cic.: Hor. 

cool (adj.): |, Pleasantly cold: 

1, frigidus (applicable to all de- 
grees of cold: q.v.): cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 
16, 14: c. Tempe, f. Tempe, Virg. (Not 
subfrigidus, frigidulus or frigidiusculus, 
which occur rarely and in diff. sense.) 
2. alsus (rare and only in compar.) : 

nothing could be more c. and delightful 
than Antium, Antio nihil alsius, nibil 
amoenius, Cic.: v. COLD. 
deliberate and self-possessed : 1, len- 
tus: a c. and considerate judge, judex 


1. et consideratus, Cic.: v. im/fr. (111 ). | 
3, immo- | 
| Our hooped barrels were not used by 


2, sédatus: v. CALM. 
tus: V. IMMOVABLE. 4, impavidus : 
Vv. UNDISMAYED. Ul.  Jndifferent : 
lentus : J am thought too patient and 
c., nimium patiens et |. existimor, Cic. : 
v. COOLLY. Phr.: you c. (impudent) 
Fellow, os durum! Ter.: Vv. IMPUDENT. 

cool (subs.): frigus: v. COOLNESS. 
Phr.: In the c. of the morning, etc.: 
expr. with frigidus: thus Virg. has, 
carpamus frigida rura, G. 3, 325 or 
with verb, *quum calores diurni refrix- 
erint, ubi minus aestuavit: v. foll. art. 

cool (v): |, Trans.: refrigéro, 
I (both lit. and fig.) : fire, thrown into 
waler, is immediately put out and c.'d, 
ignis, 1n aquam conjectus, continuo res- 
tinguitur et refrigeratur, Cic.: to c. 
bread, panem r., Piiu.: toc. oneself with 


ll. Fig.: | 








shades and waters, umbris aquisve re- 
frigerari, Cic.: v.infr. Phr.. toc. the 
heat (of the temperature), calores tem- 

rare, Cic.: toc. cups of glowing Fa- 


rnian wine with water, pocula ardentis 
Falerni lympha restinguere, Hor. toc, 
men's zeal or ardour, studia hominum 


tardare, restinguere, Cic.: v. TO EXTIN- 
GUISH, CALM. Il. Intrans.: 7: 
refrigéror, 1 (pass. or refl.): the heat 
c.ing and being extinguished, refrigerato 
et extincto calore, Cic. Fig.: A: tonys 
secretary having c.d (in his zra!), de- 
serted to Caesar, Antonii librarius refri- 
geratus ab Antonio transfugit ad Caesa- 
rem, Cic. Q, refrigesco, frixi, 3. “sen 
the wine has c.’d, ubi id vinum refrixerit, 
Cato. Esp. fig.; to lose interest or 
ardour: the ardour of thought c.’d, calor 
ille cogitationis refrixit, Quint.: Cic.: 
V. TO FLAG. 3. défervesco, fervi and 
(later) ferbui, 3 (esp. after boiling): the 
new wine has c.d down, deferbuit mus- 
tum, Col. Fig.: I hoped that his youth 
had already c.’d down, sperabam jam 
defervisse adolescentiam, Ter.. simly. 
with cupiditates, Cic. 4, languesco, 
élanguesco, 3: V.TO DROOP, FLAG. 5, 
déflagro, 1 (rare, and implying a pre- 
vious heat of conflagration: in this 
sense fig.): resentmentc.s, irae d., Liv.: 
V. SUBSIDE. 

cooler: @ vessel for cooling: *vas 
refrigeratorium: or simply lagéna: ef. 
Plin. 14, 9, 11. 

cooling (part. adj.): refrigérato- 
rius: c. power or nature, vis, natura r., 
Plin. In same sense refrigeratrix na- 
tura, id. 

coolly: |. Lit.: frigidé, frigi- 
dius: v. COLD, COOL. Il. With self- 
possession, without anger: 1, lenté 
(oftener in bad sense: v.inf.): Join: 
lente et leniter, Gell. 2, sédaté: v. 
CALMLY. Ill. I” @ cool or indifferent 
manner : lente: to take a thing c., alis 
quid 1. [et secure] ferre, Suet.: Liv, 
Also with adj,: as, we c. look on while 
Hannibal directs his course towards the 
walls of a Roman colony, tendentem ad 
moenia Romanae coloniae lenti specta- 
mus, Liv. IV. Impudently: lenté- 
or perb. lente atque impudenter: cf 
Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 287. 

coolness: |, Lit.: 1, frigus, éris, 
n. (of all degrees of cold): there is gene- 
rally c.in the morning, fere matutinis 
temporibus f. est, Cels.: the shady c., f. 
opacum, Virg.: pleasant c., f. amabile, 
Hor. 9. refrigératio, Cic. de Sen. 14, 
46: to catch thec. of the breeze, r. aurae 
captare, Col. (Or perh. frigus jucunde 
temperatum, ad jucunditatem accommo- 
datum.) I]. Self-possession: animus 
sedatus, lentus et consideratus, potens 
sui: Vv. CALM, COLLECTED. I. Jn- 
difference : lentitiido: v. INDIFFERENCE: 
or expr. with lentus: as, we look on 
with c., lente (or adj. lenti) spectamus : 
v. COOLLY. Frigus in this sense is rare: 
used with ref. to friendship, Sen. IV. 
Impuderce: os durum: esp. a8 an eX- 
clamation, Ter. 

coop (for hens): 1, cdvea, Cic.: 
Vv. CAGE. Q, siginarium (for fatten- 
ing in): Varr. 

coop up (”.): 
TO CONFINE. 

cooper : vietor (a doubtful word, both 
in spelling and meaning): Pi.- Ulp. @) 


inelido, céerceo: Y. 


the Romans. 

cooperage: *vietoris opera, mer- 
ces (?). 

co-operate : |. To work toge- 
ther: una agere, operam conferre, ad- 
juvare, etc.: v. TO HELP, AID. Phr.: 
he had c.d wits Brutus in expelling the 
kings, fuerat in regibus expellendis so- 
cins Bruti, Cic.; v. ASSOCIATE. ll. 
To contribute to producing some effect : 
Phr.: to c. in preserving the republic, 
consentire ad rempublicam conservan- 
dam, Cic. ; V. CONCURB, CONTRIBUTE. 

cooperation: ], auxilium, ad- 
jimentum~ v, ASSISTANCE. 2. Spéra: 
leaving the co- to be implied: as, / wish 
I could have given you my c., utinam 

159 


COOPERATOR 


potuissem tibi operam studiumque na- 
vare ! Cic. Fam. 12, 12: Vv. SERVICE. 

cOoperator: socius, adjitor: qui 
operam suam navat, confert: see verb. 

coot: fiilica, Virg.- Plin.: also fulix, 
icis, poet. ap. Cic. 

copartner: sdcius: v. PARTNER. 

copartnership: sociétas: v. PART- 
NERSHIP. 

cope (subs.): |, Top, coping (q. v.): 
fastigium (the highest part of any- 
thing): Vv. TOP. |. 4 priestly vest- 
ment : (?) trabea: (Q.) If]. A7ch, con- 
cawity: fornix, conyvexa {coeli] : v. 
ARCH. 

cope (2. tr.) : fastigo, 1, (to raise to a 
point): Liv.: Piin. Perh. more pre- 
cisely, summum murum opere tectorio 
loricare (based on Vitr.). 

cope (with) (v.): congrédior, con- 
tendo, certo, etc.: v. ENCOUNTER, CON- 
TEND WITH. Abletoc. with, par (simly, 
unable toc. with, impar): Vv. MATCH. 

coping (of a wall): ], corona: 
cf. Curt. 9, 4, fin. “angusta muri corona 
erat: non pinnae sicut alibi fastigium 
ejus [the top of it], distinxerant: sed 
perpetua lorica’’ [an uninterrupted 
screen or guard of some kind}. Dy 
projectira: Vitr. 

copious: 1, largus: c. draughts, 
1. haustus, Lucr.: the sun fills the earth 
with c. light, sol terras |. luce complet, 
Cic. (Not of copiousness of style.) 2, 
bundans, affluens: v. ABUNDANT. 8, 
copidsus (well stored): c. in speaking 
(or rather well-stored with matter), 
homo ad dicendum c., Cic. 4, uber, 
éris (V. FERTILE) : esp. of diction : who 
is more c. than Plato, quis uberior in 
dicendo Platone? Cic. Join: uber et 
fecundus, Cic. (used of Pericles). 5, 
fusus (of free, flowing style) : Aeschines 
is more c., Aeschines magis f., Quint. : 
V. DIFFUSE. 6, laetus (esp. poet.): C. 
streams, |. flumina, Virg. Fig.: @ c. 
style of oratory, |. genus orationis, Cic. 

copiously; bundanter, cdpidsé, 
etc.: V. ABUNDANTLY. Esp. in certain 
phr. : as, to weep c., ubertiin flere, Suet. : 
lacrimis ubertim manantibus, Petr.: to 
ry c., copiose et abundanter dicere, 

ic.: fuse et copiose augere et ornare, 
id.; fuse et late (at length) dicere, id. 

copiousness: 1, cOpia: esp. of 
diction: c. dicendi, Cic.: abundance of 
matter produces c. ef language, rerum 
¢. verborum e. gignit, Cic.: c. of inven- 
tion, inventionis c., Quint. 2, tiber- 
tas: more fully ubertas in dicendo et 
copia, Cic.: in pl. copiae ubertatesque 
verborum, Gell. (N.B. Copia dicendi 
by itself is more comprehensive than 
the English: cf. Cic. Or. 3, 34, 138: 
where it includes the entire resources 
of oratory.) 

copyist; librarius : M.L.: 

Themetil: , 


Y. TRANSCRIBER. 
copper Kens.) I. 

aes, aeris, m.: Plin.: Cels. (Also pe 
to denote various compound metals : 

BRONZE, BRASS): abounding in c., cor 
sus; gold that is much alloyed with c., 
aurum aerosum, Plin.: c. rust, aeriigo, 
Inis, Cic.: c.-ore, chalcites. ae, m.; or, 
chalcitis, idis, /.: Plin. 2. cuprum 
(late Lat.): for which Plin. has cyprium, 


Varr. : 


aes, or simply cyprium: made of c., 
cyprius: vy. foll. art. Il. A vessel 
made of copper: Abenum: v. CALDRON. 


Ill. 4 copper coin: as, assis, m. 
(used often in contemptuous sense): 
Hor.: also raudus, Gris, ”.: v. foll. 
art. fin. 

copper (as adj.): 1, aeneus, 
aereus: V. BRAZEN, BRONZE. 9. cy- 
prius: ac. box,c. pyxis, Plin. 3. cu- 
prinus: Pall. (cupreus or cypreus also 
occurs and is agreeable to analogy; 
comp. aureus, etc.: but it is rare and 
often a v. 1. with cyprius). Phr.: cop- 
per-money, aes signatum, Liv.: a single 
c. coin, raudus (also rudus, rodus), éris, 
nm. (rare): Liv. Dimin, rauduscilum, 
a small c, coin, Vest. 

copper (v-): aereis (cypriis) laminis 
tegere, loricare. : 

copper - bottomed (of a ship): 

160 





COQUET 


*navis cujus latera aereis (cypriis) lami- 
nis loricata sunt. 

copper-coloured : aeneus: Suet, 
Ner. 2 (med.): or by circuml., *colorem 
aeris cyprii referens, habens. 

copper-dross; aeris recrementum : 
Vv. DROSS, 

copper-mine: aeris metalla, Plin. ; 
aerifodina (—aeris fodina), Varr.: 
MINE. 

copper-ore; chalcites, chalcitis: v. 
coPpPER. M. I. 

copper-plate : *aenéa lamina: M. L. 
The picture produced: *pictura linearis 
per aeneam laminam expressa, Ern. ; 
imago aere excusa, Wyttenb., imago 
aeneae laminae ope descripta, expressa : 
one who prints them, chaledgraphus: 
the press, prelum chalecographicum (all 
from Kr.). 

copper-smith: faber aerarius ; aera- 
rius, Plin, 

copper-snake : 

inn. 

copper-stone: lapis aerdsus: Plin. 

copper-wire ; filum aeneum (). 

copper-worm: térédo, inis, f.: 
Plin. 

coppery : aerdsus. Plin. 

coppice? silvila, dumétum, friti- 

copse cétum (friitex): v. SHRUB- 
BERY, THICKET. 

copula: (in logic and gram.): *c6- 
pula: M. M. L. 

copulate (v. intr.): ceo, 4, tr: 
Plin.: (Not copulor in this sense. ) 

a aiGaes 1], cditus, is. Plin.: 
Cels. 9. conciibitus. iis: Col. 

copulative; connexivus: ac, 
junction, conjunctio c., Gell. 

copy (subs.): |. A transcribed 
writing or book: 1, exemplar, aris, 
n.: a book transcribed into a thousand 
c.s, liber in ex. transcriptus mille, Plin.: 
ac. of a letter, literarum ex., Cic.; (the 
usual word in modern criticism). 2). 
exemplum: a c. of @ letter, literarum 
ex., Sall. 8, Spdgraphon, i, n.: Plin. 
Phr. to make ac., transcribere, ex- 
scribere: v. TO TRANSCRIBE. Wl. oF 
any object : 1, exemplar: a kind of 
c. of oneself (a friend), tanquam ex. ali- 
quid sui, Cic. (Not exemplum in this 


v. 


cdliiber cherséa, 


con- 


sense.) 2. imitamen (rare): Ov, 
3, imago, similitido, etc.: v. LIKE- 
NESS. 4, imitatio: v. MmITATION. 


II]. That which is copied from: 
1, exemplar: more fully, exemplar 
ad imitandum, Cic.: v. PATTERN. 9. 
exemplum: v. EXAMPLE. Phr.: to 
set a c. of letters, literas praeformare 


ad invitationem scribendi proponere, 
Quint. 

copy (v.): |. To write, etc., 
according to an original: describo, 


transcribo, exscribo: v. TRANSCRIBE. 
Phr.: to c. pictures, imagines exscrib- 
ere atque pingere, Plin. Ep. 4, 28, 1: 
also transcribere, Plin. alter. []. In 
gen. to vmitate closely : 1. imitor, 1: 
Vv. IMi@ATE, 2. exscribo, 3 (rare in 
this sense): to c. any one’s character 
with wonderful exactness, mores alicu- 
jus mira similitudine ex., Plin. Ep. 5, 


16, 9. 3, référo: v. RESEMBLE, RE- 
PRODUCE. 4, exprimo, pressi, pres- 
sum, 3: @ law cd from nature, lex 


expressa ad naturam, Cic. 5, séquor, 
cutus, 3: V. FOLLOW. 

copybook: literae ad imitationem 
scribendi prupositae: v. copy ( fin.) 

copyhold: *emphyteusis (the con- 
tract or engagement: nearest term in 
Roman law, and applicable to any kind 
of “feudal” contract): an estate so held, 
emphyteuma: v. FIEF, FEUDAL. Less 
precisely expr. with servus: as, C¢. 
estates (i. e. which are under any kind 
of reserved liability), serva praedia, 
Cic.: Dig. 

copyholder: emphyteuta, emphy- 
teuticarius : Cod. Just. 

coquet (v.): léndcinor, 1 (prob. the 
nearest word): cf. Symm. Ep. 9, 87, 
“‘verbis lenocinantibus et fuco obli- 
tis et ad gratiam comparatis:” *leno- 
ciniis (cf. Suet. Aug. 79, “omnis leno- 
cinii negligens”) uti, lenociniis viros 


CORN 


(adolescentes) petere (cf. Sall. Gat. 25) 
atque ad se allicere. 

coquet, coquette (subs.:: qui 
(quae) lenociniis utitur, etc.: v. preced. 
as Sometimes (for the fem), mala 

y be precise enough: cf. “ delituit 

migia. ” the little c. hid herself, 1. Rud. 
2, 5, 9, or stronger, proterva, cf. Cic. 
Coel. 16, fin. : V. WANTON. 

coquetry: grata protervitas, Hor. 
Od. 1, 19,7: or perh. lenocinia (appli- 
cable to any meretricious setting off of 
personal or other attractions): v. TO 
COQUET. 

coral: (red) coralium, ctirilium, cu- 
rallum. Plin.: Ov.: c.-agate, cdralloéa- 
chatés, ae, m.: Plin. As adj., made of 
c. or like it, corallinus: Anth. 

coral-fisher: *qui coralium pis- 
catur, 

coral-fishery: expr. with coralia: 
as, ubi c. inveniuntur, gignuntur. 

coral-moss ; “*lichen corallinus : 
Linn. 

coralline: corallinus: Ant. 

cord (subs.): finis, dimin., finici- 
lus: restis, dimin., resticila: v. ROPE. 

cord (v.): circumligo, constringo: v. 
TO BIND, PACK UP. 

cordage (of a ee riidentes (pl. 
of rudens), m.; Cic irg. 

corded (part. and adj. 5 |. Bound 
with cords: funiculis cireumligatus. see 
verb. I]. Furrowed, or marked as 
with cords: perh. striatus: v. FURROW=- 
ED, CHANNELED. 

cordial (subs.): potio corpori refic~ 
iendo apta, Cels. 

cord-maker: restio, Onis, Suet. 

cordial (adj.): i.e. heartily kind and 
friendly: J, benignus et comis, ‘Ter, 
Hec. 5, 3, 39: V. KIND, HEARTY. 2. 
sincérus, vérus: v. SINCERK, GENUINE. 
Phr,: to give any one ac. welcome, ali- 
quem benigne excipere, Liv.: my c. 
good wishes for your happiness, opto 
tibi multam felicitatem, Erasm. Coll.: 
to give any one your c. salutations, jub- 
ere aliquem salvere plurimum, id.: so 
with multam, plurimam, salutem, Cic. : 
Vv. TO GREET, 

cordiality: animus benignus et 
comis, benignitas et comitas: v. preced. 
art.: with c., benigne: v. KINDLY, KIND- 
NESS. 

cordially ; bénigné: v. KINDLY, 
HEARTILY: sincéré: sine fuco et falla- 
ciis (i.e. without deception, Cic.): to 
receive any one more c., aliquem laetius 
recipere, Vell. (of Cic.’s return from 
exile) : simly, libenter, libens, may 
sometimes do: v. CHEERFULLY, GLADLY: 
to recommend c., intime commendare, 
Cic. : v. SINCERELY. 

cordon: of soldiers, corona militum, 
Caes.:; to draw a ¢, sanitaire round @ 
place, *locum circumscribere et custo- 
dibus circumdare adversus morbi con- 
tagia. 

corduroy: *textile quoddam genus, 
crassum et striatum. 

cordwainer: suitor: v. SHOEMAKER. 

core: (of fruit); volva pomorum, 
i.e. the seed-wrapper: Scrib. (N.B. 
Not nucleus which is the soft part with- 
in something hard: v. KERNEL.) 

coriaceous: V. LEATHERY. 

coriander: coriandrum, Plin, : c. sa- 
tivum : 

cork (subs. ys |. The tree: stiber, 
éris, n.: Virg.: Plin. (Quercus Suber, 
Linn.) “The bark of the c. tree, sibéreus 
cortex, Seren. Sam. Il. The bark or 


a stopper made from it: 1. cortex, 
icis, m. and f.: Cat.: Hor. 2. obti- 
ramentum: v. STOPPER. Ul]. in pl., 
Jor learning to swim. Prov.: toswim 


without c.s, to need no further assist- 
ance, sine cortice nare, Hor. (For a 
similar purpose was also used a /eind of 
mat, scirpea ratis, Pl.) 

cork (v.): corticem pice astringere, 
Hor. Od. 3, 8, 10. (Or simply *corticem 
imponere, cortice obturare; v. TO STOP 
UP.) 

cormorant: ‘*carbo cormoranus, 
Meyer ; pelecanus carbo, Linn. 


corn: |. Grain: 1, frimen 











CORN-CHANDLER 





tum (gen. term): the yield of c., pro- 
ventus frumenti, Plin, Ep.: in or 
that they might have a supply of c., ut 
copia frumenti suppeteret, Caes.: some- 
times pl., when it includes various kinds 
of c., Caes, Adj.: pertaining toc., tru- 
mentarius: esp. in phr. res frumentaria, 
which includes provisions of all kinds, 
but esp. corn jood: a c. ship, f. navis, 
Caes.: a law respecting the distribution 
of corn, lex f., Cic.: c. land, jit for or 
devoted to growing c., f. ager, Varr. : 
inwhich c.is grown, loca f., Caes. : 
a distribution of c., frimentatio, Suet. 
Q. friges, um, jf.: V. PRODUCE. 
Phr.: the price of c., anndna: esp. as 
we say “the market:” q.V.: standing 
c., séges, &tis, f.: Vv. CROP: an ear of c., 
spica, Arista: v, EAR: seed c., sementis 
is, f.: Col. (also used of young c., Gell.). 
I]. 4 horny excrescence on the skin: 
clavus, i: Plin.: more fully, pedis cla- 
vus, id., 22, 23, 49: to draw out (or ex- 
tract) a c., pedis c. extrahere, ib. : in the 
same section occurs morticinus, appy. as 
syn. for clavus. 
corn-chandler; friimentarius: v. 
OOBN-MERCHANT, 
corn-chest: ciiméra, Hor. 
corn-cockle: *agrostemma githago, 


corn-crake: ortygimetra: Plin. 
(*rallus crex, Linn.). 
corn-field: stgés, étis, fi: ie. a 
with crops in it: Caes.: Virg. 
(N.B. Ager frumentarius is explained 
under corn.) Arvum may also be used 
in sim. sense: cf. Virg. G. 1, 316: also 
in pl. sata, ib. 325: Vv. FIELD, CROP. 
corn-fiag: byacinthus: Virg.: Plin. 
corn-flower, blue: cyanus, m.: 


lin. 
ager 


corn-land : 

alT, 

corn-laws: *léges frimentiariae (at 
Rome laws vespectiny the distribution 
of sip Or expr, by circuml,: as, he 
effected the total repeul of tiec.s, *eltecit 
ut portoria omnia frumentaria tolle- 
rentur, 

corn-loft; horreum: v. GRANARY. 

corn-market; *forum frimenta- 
rium; see also MARKET; president of 
the c.-market, prae ectus annouae, Liv. ; 
praefectus rei frumentariae, ‘ac. 

corn-marygold;  chrysanthémum 
segetum, Linn. 

corn-merchant;: frimentarius, Cic.: 
more fully, frumentarius negotiator, 
Plin. i 

corn-mill : 
MILL, 

corn-trade: *quaestus frimenta- 
Trius: or, in connexion with the pio- 
vinces, *negotiatio f.: v. MERCHANT. 

cornel: cornus, f.: Virg.: Plin. (c. 
mascula, Linn.): a@ thicket of c -trees, 
cornétum, Varr.: a bow made of c. 
wood, corneus arcus, Ov.: Virg.: the 
fruit of the c., cornnm: Virg.: Col. 

cornelian: perh. sarda or sardii- 
chates: Plin. 

corner: |. External point where 
two converging lines meet: versira, 
Vitr. (esp. of external angles of a build- 
ing, gables, etc.). |, Hither external 
or internal : angiilus: the c.s of walls, 
anguli parietum, Plin.: to go away into 
ac., in angulum abire, Ter.: this c. of 
the world, a. hic mundi, Prop. : having 
three, four c.s, triangiilus, quadrangi- 
lus: V. TRIANGULAR, etc.: full of c.s 
(internal), angiildsus (external), angi- 
laris: v. ANGULAR. Ill. A secret or 
retired place: 1, angiilus: in any c. 

all italy, ullo in a. totius Italiae, 

c.: shut up in c.s (away from the rest 
of men), in angulis inclusus, Lact.: v. 
NOOK. 2. récessus, is: Vv. RETREAT. 

8, litebra, esp. in pl.: v. LURKING- 

PLACE. Phr.: to look out of the c.s of 
the eyes, limis oculis aspicere, spectare, 
intueri, Pl.: Plin. (omitting oculis) : Ter. 

corner-stone: lapis angularis, Vulg.; 
angulare fundaumentum: M.L. (Not 
class. for in Cato, RK. R. 14, J- angula- 
Tis = lapis quadratus.) 

corner-wise: V. DIAGONALLY,’ 


frimentarius : 


mola frimentaria: v. 


\ 


CORPULENCE 


cornet: |, A wind instrument : 
buccina, cornu: v. HORN. Il. A ca- 
valry officer: (?) signifer, vexillarius 
(i. €. SPANDARD-BEARER, q. V.) 

cornice: 1, cOréna, Vitr.: Plin, 

9, sima: alcind of moulding : Vitr. 
3, byperthyrum (over doors): id. 

cornigerous: cornitus, corniger: v. 
HORNED. 

cornucopia: cornu copiae, Pl.; or 
cornu alone: cf. Hor. Ep. 3, 12, jin. 

corollary: corollarium, Bocth : 
Apul. (consectarium=deduction: q. v.) 

coronal; corona, corolla: v. CcRuwx, 
WREATH. 

coronation: *diaidémitis or cérdnae 
impositio (the former if the c. of a king 
be meant). Late Lat. *coronativ [B. V. 
Mariae]. Or expr. with verb: as, the c. 
of a new king is attended with great 
ceremony, *cum magno apparatu novo 
regi diadema imponitur: v. TO CROWN. 

ecroner: *coronator, M.L., so called 
because the death of every subject by 
violence is accounted to touch the crown 
of the king: it imay be translated in 
classical Latin by de mortibus ambi- 
guis quaesitor (mors ambigua occurs, 
Plin. Kp. 3, 9, 5): the inquest, *in- 
quisitio. Phr.: ac.’s inquest was held, 
*quaesitum est quomodo morti occur- 
risset: v. INQUIRY. (Perh. *quaesitor 
regius might be used for coroner.) 

coronet; diidéma, atis: v. CROWN, 
DIADEM. 

corporal (subs.): déctirio, Gnis (a 
subordinate cavaliy officer): Varr. 

corporal (adj.): chiefly in phr., ec. 
punishment, usu. flogging : so that ver- 
béra may mostly be employed: to inflict 
c, punishment upon any one, verberibus 
animadvertere in aliquem, Sall.: v. To 
scoURGE. More precisely, *eae poenae 
quae in corpora hominum exercentur : 
Y. CORPOREAL. 

corporally: v-. preced. art. 

corporate: chiefly in such phr. as, 
@ c. body, =corporation: v. foll. art. : 


ac. town, Municipium: Vv. MUNICI- 
PALITY. 4 
corporation: _— 1 collég:am (usu. 


denoting either a body of men holding 
the same office, or of the same craft): v- 


COMPANY. 2. iniversitas: v. Dict. 
Ant. s. v. 8. (rare) corpus: Cail. 
Dig. 4. (When tne persons are 


meant) corporati: the c. of Nimes, c. 
Nemausenses, Inscr. ap. Forcell. 

corporeal: 1, corporeus: Join: 
corporeus et aspectabilis, conporeal and. 
visible, Cic.: Lucr. 2. expr. with 
corpus: as, ¢. pleasures, corporis volup- 
tates, Cic, v. BODILY. 

corps : manus, praesidium (s/ationed 
as guard): VY. COMPANY. 

corpse: 1. cadaver, Gris, m. (esp. 
a corpse lying and becoming corrupt), 
Cic.: Virg. 2, corpus, Gris, n. (of 
bodies living or dead): v. Bony. 3: 
fiinus, éris, m. (poet.): a mangled c., 
lacerum f.: Virg.: Prop. 4. caedes, 
is, f. (@ slain c. or more particularly 
the blood of it): Liv. 1, 48. 5, (Simi- 
larly with 3 and 4) mors, tis, f.: the c. of 
Clodius was torn in pieces, mors Clodii 
lacerata est, Cic.: to embrace a c. (con- 
temptuously of an old man), mortem 
amplexari, Pl. : Prop. 6. Freq. expr. 
with part.: as, he pointed out the c. of 
the murdered Servius lying on the 
ground, jacentem Servium trucidatum 
ostendit, Liv. 1, 48: thow shalt not bury 
a corpse within the city, hominem mor- 
tuum in urbe ne sepelito, xii. Tab.: or 
simply mortuus: Pl.: Cic.: v. DEAD, 
Phr.: tocarry ac. to the grave, efferre, 
Pl.: Cic. (often used with acc. of the 
person: v. BURY): @ person whose trade 
was the preparing of cs jor burial, 
pollinctor, Pl.: Dig. 

corpse-like: exsanguis, liridus: v. 
PALE, GHASTLY. 

corpulence: 1, habitus corporis 
obésus: cf. Suet. Hor. (in the same pa- 
ragraph corpusculum is found in a letter 
of Aug. referring to the corpulence of 
Hor.): habitus corpulentus (opimus, 
Cic.): v. CORFULENCE: 2. corpiilen- 


CORRECTIVE 





tia: Plin. (rare), 3. corpdratira 
(with some word): to produce c., *cor- 
poraturas habitiores reddere. cf. Vitr. 
6, 1, 3. (Not corporatura alone, 
as Q.) 4, dSbésitas: v. FATNESS, 
PLUMPNESS, §, amplitiido (corporis) : 
Plin. Ep. 
corpulent: 1. corpiilentus: PL: 
Quint. Join: pinguis et corpulentus, 
Gell. 2, habitus (“in good condi- 
tin”’): a little c., paulo habitior, ‘ler. 
Join: corpulentior atque habitior, Pl. 
3. plénus: as opp. to tenuis, Hor. 
4, pinguis, dbésus: v. rar. Phr.: 
to grow c., [tantum] corporis iacere, 
Phaedr.: Cels.: v. FLESH: also pingues- 
cere: v. FAT (to become): a c. hubit, 
opimus habitus corporis, Cic. 
corpuscle: corpusciilum: Cic. (with 
ref. to the atoms of Lucr.); Luer.; v. 
ATOM. 
corpuscular: expr. with corpus- 
cula or atoma: as, the c. (or atomic) 
philosophy, *doctrina illa atomorum 
or quae docet omnia ex individuis cor- 
poribus gigni atque effici. 
correct (adj.): 1, correctus (often 
in sense of corrected ; as p. part.): Cic. 
émendatus (/ree jrom faults 
and blemishes): Join: correctus et 
emendatus, Cic. 8, rectus: v. RIGHT: 
opp. to pravus, Cic. 4, acciiratus: 
Vv. ACCURATE, EXACT. 5, sanus (of 
Style: applied to what is free from 
faults, but wanting in force): cf. Plin. 
Ep. 9, 26, “orator rectus quidem et 
sanus, sed parum grandis et ornatus :” 
Cic. Br. 55, 202. 6, purus (also of 
style; and implying the absence of 
all faults of language or taste): ac. and 
clear style, p. quoddam et candidum dic- 
endi genus, Cic.: cf. id. Or. 3, 8, 29: 
V. FAULTLESS, IRREPROACHABLE. Pbhr.: 
a c. account, ratio quae convenit [ad 
nummum), Cic.: these accounts are not 
c., *non constant hae ratioues: v. Ac- 
count: his verses are c. but they want 
genius, *vitio quidem carent versus ejus 
sed parum habent ingenii. 
correct (v.): 1, corrigo, rexi, 
rectum, 3 (the most gen. term): do c. 
leinness of body, maciem corporis c., 
Viin.: w% is more easy to find fault with 
what is past than to c. it, praeterita 
Iagis reprenendi possuut quam cor- 
rigi, Liv.: to c. @ speech, orationem c., 
Cic.: endeavour to c. my son, c. mibi 
gnatum enitere, Ter. 2. castigo, 1 
(prop. to chastise: q. v.): Fig.: to c. 
@ poem, carmen c., Hor.: Juv. 3. 
émenao, 1 (to remove faults): to c. a 
vicious habit, consuetudinem vitiosanm, 
e., Cie.: to c. (the morals of) Italy by 
laws, res Italas legibus e., Hor.: Cic 
Join: emendare et corrigere, Cic. 
Phr.: to c. proofs (from the press), 
*plagulas corrigere, Orelli: more fully 
(after Cic.), perspicere et corrigere: 
*prima specimina typographica corrig- 
2re; typothetarum specimina  corrig- 
ere (Orell.); pericula typographica re- 
legere, Ruhnk. (ap. Kr.). 
correction: |, The act of cor- 
recting: correctio, émendatio: Join: 
correctio et emendatio, Cic, (for syn. 
see verb): or expr. with ger.: as, with @ 
view to the c. of morals, ad emendandos 
mores, etc. (N B. Notcorrectura, which 
denotes a particular office.) Phr.: the 
most careful c. of the press, *cura pla- 
gularum corrigendarum quanta maxima 
potest esse: (I spealc) under c., *ita 
mihi videtur, nisi tu aliter sentis, or 
salvo judicio tuo (R. and A.) li. The 
correction itself, esp. in writings : expr. 
with p. part.: as, very many CS have 
been made, *plurima emendata sunt: 
v. TO CORRECT. I]. Chastisement : 
castigitio, Animadversio: Cic.; Vv. PU- 
NISHMENT : house of c., carcer; V. GAOL 
(ergastilum only for slaves). 
corrective: |, Adj.: quod cor- 


rigere, etc., possit: Vv. CORRECT. IL. 
Subs. : 1, tempéramentum (inter 
aequalitates), Coel. 2. températio: 


in same sense: Cic. (More precisely, 
of medicines, temperativa medicamins, 
Coel. Aur.) 

161 


CORRECTLY 





correctly: recté, émendaté, pure, 
accurate (for syn. see adject.). 
correctness; mostly expr. with 
circuml.: as, J doubt the c. of that state- 
ment, *dubito num revera ita res se 
habeat: c. of style, oratio sana, pura, 
Cic. (also puritas sermonis: vy. PURITY): 
I guarantee the c. of these accounts, *hoc 
in me recipio has rationes constare, con- 
venire, etc.: V. CORRECT (udj.).; AC- 
CURACY. 
corrector ; corrector (most gen. 
term): €mendator (ove who vemoves 
faults or blemishes): Join: corrector 
atque emendator, Cic. Or expr. with 
verb: as, c. for the press, *qui plagulis 
corrigend's operam dat, etc.: see verb. 
correlation: Vv. RELATION. 
correlative (adj. and subs.): no 
exact word: Q. gives reciprécus, which 
is perhaps the nearest: Vv. RECIPROCAL. 
Perh. better with verb: as, these things 
are c.s, *haec mutuo inter se respondent 
(reciprocantur, Cic. Div. 1, 6, 1o—=are 
ini-rted or “ converted”): R. and A. 
give correlata (pl.), as ¢. ¢. from Nolten. 
correspond: |. Zo agree with: 
1, congruo, i, 3 (with cum ; inter and 
pron. refl. ; or with dat.): none of the 
measurements c., mensurae nDullae inter 
sec., Plin.: the words c. with the case, 
verba c. et cohaerent cum causa, Cic. 
2. cdhaereo, haesi, haesum, 2 (to 
Jit together : constr. absol,, or with inter 
and pron. refl.): toc. as closely as pos- 
sible, inter se quam aptissime c., Cic.: 
aml Vv. supr. 3. convénio: v. AGREE. 
4. respondeo, di, sum, 2 (with dat. 
or ad): that (he words may c. to each 
other as if matched, ut verba verbis 
quasi paria respondeant, Cic.: v. TO AN- 
SWER (11.). Phr.: (this word) c.s with 
the Greek, etc., idem declarat quod, etc., 
Cic.: to make words c. to deeds, verba 
dictis aequare, Liv.: Sall. (the latter, 
exaequare). I]. To have mutual com- 
munications by letter: epistolarum com 
mercia habere (cf. Vell. 2, 65 “ tum inter 
[eos] commercia epistolarum,’’ sc. 
erant): literas dare et accipere, inter 
se scribere, Cic. (Per literas colloqui 
might refer to a single letter only, Cic. : 
more precisely, *mutuo inter se per 
literas colloqui solere): or perh. *lite- 
rarum consuetudinem habere: v,. INTER- 
COURSE. 
correspondence : |. Mutual 
adaptation, agreement: convénientia, 
congruentia: Vv. AGREEMENT. More freq. 
expr. with verb: as, there is a striking 
c. between these things, *mirabiliter haec 
inter se congruunt, etc, : see verb. ll. 
Intercourse by letier: epistolarum com- 
mercium, Vell. (in pl): an end of our 
c., finis inter nos scribendi, Cic.: to hold 
C.: V. CORRESPOND (II.): @ brisk c., 
*mutua epistolarum assiduitas: our c. 
flags, *refrigescunt literae nostrae. (N.B. 
Not literarum sermo, which would be 
conversation about literature.) 
correspondent : |. Adj.: _v. 
CORRESPONDING. I]. One who holds 
communication with another by writ- 
ing: qui epistolarum (literarum) com- 
mercio cum aliquo utitur, etc.: v. cor- 
RESPOND (11.); quicum literarum usu 
(consuetudine ?), epistolarum commercio 
quis junctus est (Kr.): @ good c., impi- 
ger in scribendo, haud lentus ad scriben- 
dum; qui magna est in rescribendo dili- 
gentia: based on Cic. (IXr.): @ very bad 
c., ad literas scribendas pigerrimus, id. 
corresponding (aq.): —_|, Agree- 
ing : ], par, paris: words c. with 
words, verba verbis paria, Cic.: v. 
MATCHED. 2. gémellus (esp. in pl. : 
of two things which closely correspond) : 
(a pair) c. in love of what is bad, pra- 
vorum amore gemellum, Hor. 3, ap- 
tus, accommddatus, consentaneus, etc. : 
v. AGREEING. 4. expr. with verb: 
as, the c. door on the other side, *porta 
quae ab altera parte huic [portae] re- 
spondet (the verb alone would mean 
answering to it in magnitude: Cic.): a 
c. expression, verba quae idem declarant, 
significaut: v. CORRESPOND. |], (Only 
in certain expressions) - communicating 
162 








CORRUPT 


by letter: c. member of the Royal Society, 


*epistolarum commercio cum Regia So- 
cietate junctus: Vv. CORRESPONDENT. 

correspondingly : pariter, eadem 
ratione, Cic.: Vv. ALIKE. 

corridor: andron, onis, m. (contrary 
to the Gk. sense of the word: see Vitr. 
6, 7, 5): prothyrum (?): ib. 

corroborate: 1. affirmo, r (less 
freq. in this sense: v. ASSERT): to c. a 
person’s words, dicta alicujus af., Liv. 

2. confirmo, 1: to c. (statements) 

by arguments or testimony, argumentis, 
testimoniis c., Cic.: v. CONFIRM. 3. 
fidem alicui rei afferre (i.e. gain credence 
for a thing): Cic.: v. CREDENCE. (N.B. 
Not corroboro or roboro; which signify 
to make strong.) 

corroborative: quod ad fidem con- 
ciliandam aptum est, etc. 

corrode: 1, rodo, si, sum, 3 (rare 
in this sense): ton is c.d by rust, fer- 
rum robigine roditur, Ov. 2. érddo, 
3 (more freq.: to eat or c.away): water 
c.s tron, aqua ferrum c., Plin. (esp. of 
corrosive remedies, aS caustic, ete. : 
Plin.: Cels.). 3, édo, @di, Gsum, 3 
(to eat away): of mildew: Virg. Fig.: 





tf aught c.s the mind: si quid est ani- 
mum, Hor.: Virg. 4. pérédo, 3 
(stronger than edo): Virg. (N.B. Not 
corrodo in this sense.) 

corroding (as auj.): esp. fig.: mor- 
dax, acis: c. caves, m. sollicitudines, 
Hor. In sim. sense, vitiosa cura, id. 
(For lit. sense, v. CORROSIVE.) 

corrosion; rosio: Plin. 
with verb: v. CORRODE.) 

corrosive: 1, corrdsivus (of me- 
dicines): Sen. 2. mordax, Acis: c. 
powder, m. pulvis, Plin.: Hor. (in fig. 
sense : V. CORRODING), 

corrugate: rugo, corriigo, I: v. To 
WRINKLE. 

corrupt (v.) : |. To change from 
a sound to a putrid state: 1, cor- 
rumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3: esp. as reflect. ; 
to become corrupt, suffer corruption, 
Cic. 9, vitio, 1: Vv. TO TAINT: of the 
action of pestilence on the air, Ov. 3: 
In pass.: to become c.'d: putresco, pu- 
tréfio: v. TO ROT. J]. Jn moral 
sense : 1. corrumpo, 3: to c. (the 
morals of) a state, mores civitatis 
c., Cic.: in the same passage (Leg. 3, 
14), corrumpere is used absol.: to c. 
(men) by example, exemplo c. With 
the direct acc. (with or without pecu- 
nia), corrumpere usu. signifies to bribe 
(q. v.), or in the case of a woman, 
to seduce (q. V.). 2. dépravo, 1 (to 
alter for the worse): the Campanians 
were c.d by abundance, Campanos ni- 
miae rerum omnium copiae deprava- 
bant, Cic. Join: corrumpere et de- 
pravare: Cic. (N.B. Corrumpo by itself 
is not always taken in bad sense.) 3° 
inquino, 1: V. DEFILE, POLLUTE. 4. 
Expr. with phr.: as, vitiis inficere, Cic.: 
Vv. INFECT: vitia in civitatem infundere, 
id.: turpissimis imbuere cupiditatibus, 
Nep.: mala facinora edocere, Sall. 
Sometimes mutare, immutare, may be 
sufficient: i. e. when the context shows 
that the change is for the worse: cf. 


(Or expr. 





Sall. Cat. 10, jin. (by a somewhat harsh 
fig., the latter has vexare mores civi- 
tatis, of the influence of bad passions 
upon them, Cat. 6): in pass. in vitium 
labi, Hor.: pejorem, deteriorem fieri, 
etc.: V. 10 DETERIORATE: to c. by bri- 
bery (besides pecunia corrumpere, v. 
supr.), pecunia oppugnare, Cic.: solli- 
citare, Curt.: corruptelam (judicis) mo- 
liri, Cic., etc.: v. BRIBERY: by various 
artifices, (animos militum) variis arti- 
bus subruere, Tac.: v.TU TAMPER WITH, 
UNDERMINE. Ill. Zo debase, falsify: 
corrumpo, dépravo (Cic. uses both of 
the perverse ingenuity of the lawyers: 
Mur, 12, 27): v. FALSIFY. Phr.: the 
language of Greece is very much c.’d, 
*multum immutata est ac depravata lin- 
gua Hellenistica a vetere illo ac puro 
Graecorum sermone. 
corrupt (adj.): E Decapuaneel | 
putréfactus, pitridus, puter, corruptus: 
V. ROTTEN. i]. In moral sense: =, 


CORYMBIFEROUS 


corruptus: used both as part. aud adj. : 
Sall.: Cie. 2. incestus, impurus: y, 
IMPURE. 98, inquinatus: Vv. POLLUTED. 
Ill. Accessible to bribery: véuilis, 
é: Vv. VENAL: also nummarius: Cic. 
IV. Not genuine (as a text), or 
debased (as language): corruptus, dé- 
pravatus: to alter und mend c. pussages, 
depravatis locis veterum  scriptorum 
mederi, Ruhnk. ap. Kr.: a passage evi- 
dently c., locus manifesto vitiatus, 
Blomf.: somewhat c.,cui subest quaedam 
corruptela, id. 
corrupter: _ 1, corruptor, f. cor- 
ruptrix: Cic. r.: the cummon c. of 
our children, communis  corruptela 
(abstr. for concer.) nostrum liberum, Ter. 
(depravator is not found). 2, per- 
ditor, f. perd\trix (stronger than corrup- 
tor: V. DESTROYER): luxury the c. of 
chastity, luxuria perditrix castitatis, 
Tert. (but perditor reipublicae is de- 
stroyer of the commonwealth). 
corruptibility : |. Liability to 
corruption : corruptibilitas : ‘ert. May 
perh. be expr. by pl. of corruptio: as, 
the body is subject to c., *corruptionibus 
obnoxium est corpus hominis: or, cor- 
rumpi ac dissolvi potest: see L. G. § 591. 
I]. Accessibility to bribes: venal:tas 
(rare): V. VENALITY. 
corruptible: |, Liable to cor- 
ruption : corruptibilis (rare): Lact. : 
Vulg. (another form is corruptilis): or 
expr. with verb: quod corrumpi ac dis- 
solvi potest: see verb. H. Acces- 
sible to bribes: vénalis: v. VENAL. 
corrupting (a4j.): corruptrix, icis 
(very rare): or with masc. subs., cor- 
ruptor (L. G. §98): @ c. province, cor- 
ruptrix provincia, Cic.: v. CORRUPTER. 
(Or expr. with verb: qui corrumpit, 
depravat, etc.) 
corruption: J. Physical: cor- 
Tuptio (e. g. corporis, i. e. disease, Cic.), 
putor, putrédo: Vv. DECOMPOSITION, ROT- 
TENNESS, DECAY. [j. Moral: I 
corruptio (rare): Cic. has opinionum 
corruptio. 2. corruptéla (prop. a 
means of corruption: hence often in 
pl.): the temptations of c., illecebrae cor- 
ruptelarum, Sall.: @ storehouse of every 
kind of c., corruptelarum omnis generis 
officina, Liv. 39, Io. 8. dépravatio: 
Join: d. et foeditas animi, Cic. 4, 
pravitas: Vv. VICIOUSNESS, DEPRAVITY, 
[j{. In the use of words: déprava- 
tio: Cic.: with ref. to MSS. corruptela 
is often used: some c., *vitiati aliquid. 
IV. By money: corruptéla (Cic.) 
largitio: ambitus: v. BRIBERY: in the 
administration of a province, (res) re- 
petundae: v. EXTORTION. 
corruptly: 1. corrupte: to pro- 
nounce words c., verba c. pronuntiare, 
Gell.: Cic.: v. WRONGLY. (Less strong 
than the Eng., and not necessarily in- 
volving what is morally wrong: Cic., 
who has neque depravate judicare neque 
c. Bins 35 21570.) 2. incesté, im- 
puré: v. IMPURELY. 3, turpiter: 
flagit?ts@: v. DISGRACEFULLY. Phr.: 
to administer justice c., *pecunias prop 
ter res judicandas accipere: V, BRIBE. 
corsair ;: pirata, praedo (maritimus): 
V. PIRATE. 
corse: VY. CORPSE. 
corselet: 1, l6rica: ac. of chain 
mail, molli 1. catena, Val.; conserta 
hamis, Virg. (but the lorica was origi- 
nally of leather while the thorax was of 
metal). Q, thorax, acis, f.: v. BREAST- 
PLATE, 3, cataphracta (made of 
linen, wool, or mail): Veg.: Tac. 
Wearing a c., loricatus: also cata- 
phractus (prop. a Greek term: see Liv. 
37, 40). + in 
cortege ; comitatus, Us: V. RETINUE. 
corticated (adj.): i.e. like bark: 
corticosus: Plin 
coruscant: coruscus, fulgens: v. 
FLASHING, GLITTERING. ; 
coruscation: 1, coruscatio (rare 
and late): Solin. Q, fulgor: v. FLASH, 
SPLENDOUR. 
corvette: perh. célox, dcis: Liv. 
corymbiferous; corymbifer: Ov.: 
Vv. CLUSTERING. 


» 


a 





ae 


CORYPHAEUS 


COULTER 


COUNTENANCE 





coryphaeus: 
a chorus: 1. céryphaeus (Gr. xopv- 
datcs): M. L. (in Cic. only fig.) 2. 
magister (sc. chori), Cic. il. Fig.: 
a leader: coryphaeus: Cic. (“c. Epicu- 
reorum,” N. D. 1, 21, 59): Vv. CHIEF, 
LEADER. 
cosmetic (subs.): 1, fiicus (prop. 
a marine plant yielding a ruddy dye): 
to hide personal defects by means of 
c.s, Vitia corporis fuco occulere, PI.. 
simly., colorem fuco mentiri, Quint. 
2. médiiamen: in pl., medicamina 
formae, Ov. A. A. 3, 205: to rub the face 
with c.s, facien: medicaminibus atterere, 
Petr. 3. médicimentum (= 2): 
Sen. 4, pigmentum: Plin.: v. PIG- 
MENT. N.B. See Ov. l.c. (supr.): where 
the subject is treated he has the ex- 
pressions, candorem quaerere creta ; 
arte rubere, etc. 
cosmogony : *cosmégénia (Gr. 
koopoyov.a). the tiile of a work by 
Parmenides: translited by Xylander 
“liber de ortu mundi:” Plut. Mor. 
756, E. 
cosmographer : 
Auct. de Progen. Aug. 
cosmopolite: mundanus (Gr. xoo- 
ptxos): paraphrased by Cic. “ totius 
mundi incola et civis,’ Tusc. 5, 37, 108. 
(Cosmicus is given by R. and A., on the 
strength of Mart. 7, 41; but the mean- 
ing there is doubttul.) 
cost (subs.) : |. Price of a thing 
bought m sold: prétium. v. PRICE. 
I], Azpense: impendium, impensa, 
sumptus: Vv. EXPENSE. Ii}. In law, 
the costs; impcnsae in litem factae, Paul. 
Dig. 3, 3, 30. Phr.: to condemn any 
one to the purment of penalty and c., 
damnum et itipensas litis adversario 
inferre aliquem covere, Just. Inst. fY. 
Loss or detriment: Phr.: to my cost: 
damno cum magno meo, Pl.: so with 
malum: at your c., malo cum tuo, PIl.: 
somewhat less strong is incommodo tuo, 
Cic.: or expr. with poena: as. liars are 
mostly dishonest to their c., solent men- 
daces luere poenas malefici, Phaedr. 
cost (v.): 1. consto, stiti, 1 (usu. 
with abl. of definite price; gen. in the 
case of such expr. as quanti, tanti, etc.: 
L. G. 281): toc. four hundred thousand 
, quadringentis millibus c., Varr.- 
Cic. to e. nothing, gratis c., Cic.- toc. 
very little, vilissime c., Col.; also mi- 
nimo c., (L. G. 281, Obs. 2). Fig.: he 
plainly tells them how many brave 
men’s deaths the victory must suveli, c., 
edocet quot virorum fortium morte ne- 
cesse sit c. victoriam, Caes. sto; 
stéti, statum, 1 (constr. sume as consto): 
Polybius writes that this affair c. the 
Achaeans 100 talents, P. scribit centum 
talentis eam rem Achaeis stetisse, Liv. : 
so little did a great victory c., tantulo 
impendio ingens victoria stetit, Curt.: 
this victory cost the Curthaginians much 
blood and many wounds, multo san- 
guine ac vulneribus ea Poenis victoria 
stetit, Liv.: sometimes with abl. of 
suck words as quanto. v. supr.: alas! 
how much has me night c. your realms, 
heu! quanto regnis nox stetit una tuis! 
Ov.. Virg. 3, May also be expr. 
with vénire, vendi, émi, esse, to be sold, 
to be at sucha price: as, a pound (of 
violet purple) cost 100 denarii, libra 
denariis centum venibat, Nep. ap Plin.: 
Vv. TO SELL (inty.) Phr.: such effort 
did it c., tantae molis erat, Virg.: how 
mich do his lessons c., quanti docet? 
Juy.: it cost me a great struggle, eic., 
vix a me impetrare potui ut, etc. (Kr. 
based on Cic.). 
cost-price: quanti quid constitit, 
emptum est: v. TO COsT. 
coster-monger : *qui olera circum- 
fert uc vendit: or perh. Olitor: the 
olilor appears to have sold vegetables 
as well as grown them. 
costive: astrictus, restrictus, durus, 
compressus (of the bowe/s): Vv CONSTI- 
PATED, CONSTIPATION. 
costiveness: alvus astricta, re- 
stricta, compressa, dura; v. CONSTIPA- 
TION. 


cosmographus, 


|. Lit.: master of 








costliness: caritas: Vv. DEARNESS. 
Or expr. with pretium: as, not to be 
much bought on account of its c., *prop- 
ter maguum pretium non vulgo emi: v. 
PRICE, EXPENSE. 

costly OB): ], prétidsus: v. 
PKECIOUS. , carus: V. DEAR. Or 
expr. with pretium: as, to be c., magni 
esse pretii, 0” magno pretio: V. PKICE. 
Phr.: m ac. manner, pretiose, sump- 
tuose: V EXPENSIVELY. 

costume: 1, vestitus, ts: v. 
DRESS. 2, habitus, is: esp. in phr, 
theatrical c., scenicus h., Suet.: ¢tri- 
umphal c., h. triumphalis, Quint. 

cot: |. A cottage ~ v. infr. Il. 
A chiid’s bed: lectiilus: v BED. il. 
For doves: cSlumbarium: v. DOVE-COT. 

cotemporary : VY CONTEMPORARY. 

cottage - 1 casa: there verve a 
Sew scattered c.s, rara c. (erat), Ov.. c.8 
thatched with stra, c. stramentis tectae, 
Caes. Dimin. cfsiila, Plin. 2 tigi- 
rium (of a more humble kind, and usu. 
made of reeds, straw, etc.)’ Varr.: the 
turf-thatohed roof of my humble cot, 
pauperis t. congestum caespite culmen, 

irg.. Vv. HUT 3. mapalia, um: 
applied to the buts of Nomades in 
Africa: “ aedificia agrestium Numi- 
darum quae mapalia illi vocant,”’ Sall. 
Jug. 18: Virg.: Liv. 

cottager: casarius (= casae incola) : 
Cod. Theod. (But in ordinary prose or 
in verse, agrestis or rusticus may be 
near enough v. PEASANT.) 

cotton: gossypion or gossypium (of 
which plant many species are used in 
modern manufacture): Plin. 19, I, 14: 
aiso called xylon, and the cotton fabrics, 
xylina sc. lina, ib. The tree is also 
called gossympinus, id. 12, 10, 21: and 


Jorce without c., 





the cotton down is called lana (1 00l) by 
Virg. G. 2, 120: more fully “ lana de ligno 
quam Graeci ép.oévAov appellant,” Ulp. 
cotton-mill; * (xylinorum) officina. 
cotton-plant: vy. corron. 
couch (subs.): 1, cubile, is, n.: 
Vv. BED. Q. lectus: esp. of c.s used at 
the table; where there were usu. three, 
sumnius, medius, imus: v. Dict. Ant. 
s. v. triclininm. D/min. lectilus: Cic. 
3, pulvinar, aris, ”. (esp of the 
cushioned couches on which the images 
of the Gods were placed): Cic.: Liv. 
couch (v.): ASeiniors: |. Of 
a wild beast: fo c. down; esp. before a 
spring: perh. subsido, 3: which Liv. 
uses of elephants sinking on their but- 
tocks, clunibus subsidentes, 44, 5, med. : 
ef. Virg. A. 12, 491: ‘“‘substitit Aeneas 
et se collegit in arma, poplite sub- 
sidens:” or sese submittere ut melius 
exsiliat. |]. To stoop down, esp. for 
concealment, as in an ambuscade: sub- 
sido, subsideo (the former referring to 
the act of stooping down; the latter to 
the being or remaining in such a posi- 


tion): Vv. STOOP DOWN, LIE IN WalIT. 
B. Trans.: |. To station (in 


ambush): in insidiis collocare, disponere, 
etc.: V. AMBUSH. J], 70 level a lance: 
intendo, porrigo: v. TO AIM, STRETCH 
ForTH. Phr.: to receive an attack 
with lances c.’d, projecta hasta excipere 
hostem, Nep. Chab. 1: with lance c.d, 
infesta hasta (i.e. pointed agarist the 
enemy), Liv. Wh. To pexjorm an 
operation on the eye: perb.* suffusionem 
oculo demere, tollere (i.e. in any way 
to remove the cataract). 

cough (subs.): tussis, is, f.: @ dry 
c., t. sicca, Cels.: @ vowgh, hard c., t. 
aspera, Mart.: also used of the single 
coughings Ter.: to drive away or cure 
ac., t. discutere, Col. to relieve it, t. 
levare, Cels.; lenire, Plin. Dimin., a 
slight c., tussictila, Cels.; Plin.: c. me- 
dicines, tussiciilaria medicamen’a, Coel. 
Aur.: to have a bad c., male tussire: v. 
foll. art. 

cough (v.): tussio, ivi, 4 (either to 
hare a cough, or to make a coughing) : 
lo c. frequently, crebre t., Quint... all 
day long, totis diebus, Mart. To cough 
up, extussio: Cels.: Plin. 

coulter: dens (aratri): ef. Virg 1, | 
262: or *culter (aratri 


council: 1, concilium (usually a 
large body, as distinguished trom con- 
silium, which denotes a mure_ select 
body): to hold a c., c habere, PL: to 
summon a@ c., c. vocare, Virg.: to dis- 
miss @ c., c. dimittere, Cues. : a general 
c., ¢. oecumenicum, Eccl. 2. con- 
sillum: v. supr. (esp. a deliberative 
assembly): with the aid of his ec (i.e. 
the judires) he investigates the cause, 
cum consilio causam cognoscit, Cic. : 
Galba, having quickl, summoned a c., 
began to ask for their opinions, Galba, 
c. celeriter convocato, sententias ex- 
quirere coepit: Caes.: Liv.: a more 
august c. (“privy-c.”), sanctius c. Liv, 
30, 16. 3. (ac. of wa): praetdrium 
(so named from the place of its meet- 
ing): Liv. 

councillor: i.e. member of a coun- 
cil: consiliarins: Suet, lib. §5: a town- 
c., i. e. member of the c. or senate of @ 
provincial town, déciirio. Cic. 

counsel (subs.): |. Advice: 
consilium: evil c.s, mala c.. Tac.: to 
take c. with any one, c. capere una cum 
aliquo, Ter.: Cic.: v. abvice. i 
auctoritas (the weighty c.s of some influ- 
ential person): Cic. Phr.: to take ec. 
of any one, consulére (with ace.): vy. 
CONSULT : to take c. together, deliberare : 
Vv. TO DELIBERATE: to keep one’s c., 
secum consulere(?), sibi soli rem com- 
mittere: v. COMMIT, ENTRUST. I]. In 
pl.=policy: 1, consilia, orum: Hor. 

2. providentia- v. PRUDENCE, FORE- 
THOUGHT. = ||. / 7udence: consilium; 
vis consili expers, 
Hor.: v. PRUDENCE. IV. In law 
an advocate: patronus, advécatus (the 
latter prop. assistant c.): Vv. ADVOCATE. 
Phr.: to be c. for any one, adesse 
alicui, Cic. 

counsellor: consiliarius, auctor, 
consiliator: v. ADVISER, COUNCILLOR. 

count (subs.): *cémes, itis (from 
which the modern title is derived): see 
Du Cange for various titles of the kind. 

count (v.): |. Zo number one by 
one: ], naméro, 1: to c. a flock, n 
pecus, Virg.: to c. on one’s fingers 
n. per digitos, Ov.: to c. the senate, v. 
senatum, Cic.: often implying posses- 
sion: as, to c. many friends, multos pb 
amicos, Ov.: ‘Tac, 2. eniméro, 1 
(toc.up; alsoc, cut money : V. foll. art.) : 
to c. up days, dies e., Caes.: v. ENUME- 
RATE, 3. déniméro, 1 (to c. sepa- 
rately): Cic.: Virg. 4, percenseo, 
ui, 2: more fully numerando percenseo 
(implying a careful surrey im count- 
ing): uho can c. your services to me? 
quis possit vestra in me promerita p. 
numerando? Cic. Phr.: t c. up on 
the fingers, rationem digitis computare, 
Pl.: v. RECKON: to c. the number of the 
slain, numerum interfectorum inire, Liv. 
38, 24, med. |], To vegard as: habeo, 
diico, existimo: v. CONSIDER, RECKON, 

—— out to: 1. anniméro, 1 
hec.s out to me a talent of silver, mihi 
talentum argenti an., Pl.: Cic. ,¥ 
dintiiméro, 1 (less freq.): to c. out twenty 
minas to any one, alicui viginti minas 
d:, Ter. 8. éniiméro, 1: to c. out 
the price, i. e. to pay it, pretium e., Cic. 

4, niiméro, 1: to c. out pay to the 
soldiers, stipendium n. militibus, Cic.: 
Caes. 

—— up; éniméro, t. v. 

RATE. 


ENUME- 





upon (v. wir): i.e. to reckon 
m: Phr.: to c. upon peace with cer- 
tainty, pacem expluratam babere, Cic, 
Phil. 7, 6, 16: not to be able to c, with 
certainty upon anything, nihil fidum, 
nihil exploratum hubere, Cic.: also foll. 
by acc. and inf., id.: J think I may 
almost c. upon victory, Magna me spes 
victoriae habet, Sull: that uhich may 
be c.’d on, perspectus, perspectissimus, 
Cic. : he will be able to c. upon it, that 
nothing etc., erit ei perspectum, nihil 
etc., Cic. Or. 34, fin.: cing upm, frétus 
(foll. by abl.): v. RELYING ON: and ci 
artt. DEPEND ON, TRUST. 

countenance: |. The face, looks: 
facies, éi (including the entire 
163 


COUNTENANCE 


aa | 


make): Vv. FACE, FIGURE. 9, 6s, Oris, 
n. (applicable also to brutes; when it 
means the mouth: q. v.): the c. of 
angry persons, os iratorum, Cie.) 
man he gave an upturned c., 0S homini 
sublime dedit, Ov.: v. FACE. 3} 
vultus, is (only of human beings: the 
features and expression of the face): 
the c.is the image of the mind, imago 
animi v. est, Cic.: (he whole c. is a kind 
of silent discourse of the mind, v. totus 
sermo quidam tacitus mentis est, Cic. : 
a fierce c., torvus Vv. Hor.: @ cheerful c., 
v. hilarus, Plin.: @ sad c., v. moestus, 
Hor.: a gloomy c., v. tristiur, Suet.: @ 
false c., ficti simulatique v., Cic.: the c. 
of the threatening tyrant, v. instantis 
tyranni, Hor. (the word not unfrequently 
refers to an angry or menacing c.: Tac.). 
Join: os vultusque (the former the 
Seatures, the latter the expression) : Cic. 
I, Calmness, unaltered composure : 
Phr.: to put any ome out of c., differre 
aliquem [ita] ut apud se ne sit, Ter. 
Andr. 2, 4, 5: also turbare, conturbare 
(stronger than simple verb): v. DISTURB, 
EMBARRASS: if shame be the disturbing 
emotion, ruborem alicui incutere, Liv.: 
afferre, Tac,: v. ABASH. to keep one’s ¢., 
i.e. refrain from laughing, risum tenere, 
Hor. II]. Favour, aid: favor, Oris: 
vy. FAvouR. To give one’s c.toanything, 
favére, indulgére (both with dat.): see 
verb; and TO FAVOUR. 
countenance (v.):__ 1, faveo, favi, 
fautum, 2 (with dat.). Join: f. et 
cupere (to c. and wish well to), Caes.: 
to c. an opinion, sententiae Hy Oe LA 
TO FAVOUR. Q, indulgeo, si, tum, 2 
(with dat.): i.e. to indulge, give way 
to: q.v. 3, adjiivo, auxilior: im- 
plying active support: v. ABET, AID. 
counter (subs.): |, A small round 
piece of ivory, etc.: ], calcilus: 
prop. a pebble: used both in games and 
calculatiuns: Cic.: Mart. 2, lupinus 
or lipinum: prop. a lupine seed: used 
on the stage as a substitute for money : 
Hor. |]. A shop-counter: mensa (a 
money-changer’s c.): Hor., who has it 
also of a fishmonger’s c., S. 2, 4, 37+ 
counter (adv.): chiefly in pbr. 
counter to: contra-(prep. with acc.): v. 
acamst: to runc. to, adversari, repug- 
nare, Cic.: Vv. OPPOSF: as adj., contra- 
rius: the counter-speeches of Aeschines 
and Demosthenes, orationes inter se con- 
trariae Aeschinis et Demosthenis, Cic?: 
V. CONTRARY TO. 
counteract: 1, rénitor, nisus, 
and nixus, 3 (with dut.): the one mo- 
tion c.s the other, alier moius alteri r., 
Plin. 2, 82, 84: simly., alterno pulsu r., 
ib. Q, occurro, obsisto (in fig. sense) : 
Vv. THWART, RESIST. Join: occurrere 
atque obsistere (consiliis), Cic. Ss: 
médeor, 2 (with dat.): to c. an evil, 
malo m., Cic. (cf. Nep. Pelop. 1. “itaque 
utrique rei medebor quantum potero, et 
occurram quum satietati tum igno- 
rantiae lectorum”): v. TO REMEDY. 
Phr.: “toc. medicines and nourish dis- 
ease,” *medicamentis obficere et morbum 
alere: the one tried to c. the othe, *alter 
alteri adversari atque in contrariam 
partem tendere. 
counteraction; impéditio (rare), 
mora; V. HINDRANCE. Or better, expr. 
with verb: v. preced. art. 
counterattraction: *vis in con- 
trarium trahens. 
counterbalance(v.): |. Trans.: 
1, aequo, 1: these extraordinary vir- 
tues were c.d by great vices, has tantas 
viri virtutes ingentia vitia aequabant, 
Liv. Q, exaequo, I: Vv. EQUALIZE, 
3, compenso, 1 (to weigh or set off 
one thing against another): also ré- 
penso (rare), penso, in same sense: V. 
GOMPENSATE. Phr.: to c. (of words) 
each other, quasi dimensa et paria re- 
spondere, Cic.: so with ratio: “ bene 
inter nos ratio accepti et expensi con- 
venit,” Pl.: v.TO BALANCE. — |], Instr. 
(rare): inter se aequari- respondére: v. 
TO BALANCE. 


counterbalance subs.): v. COUN: | 
| and A,). 


TERPOISE. 
164 











COUNTERPLEA 





countercharge (subs.): *crimen in 
eum intentum qui alterum accusat. 
countercharm: [quod] contra fas- 
cinantes, effascinationes [portatur], cf. 
Plin. 13, 4, 9 (40)3 19; 4, 19 (50)- 
countercurrent: *quod in contra- 
riam partem fluit: v. CURRENT. 
counterevidence: *testimonia quae 
ex altera parte opponuntur. 
counterfeit (v.): |. To forge, 
copy, or imitate: imitor, 1: to c. the 
cry of @ pig, porcelli vocem i., Phaedr. : 
this c.s that, but is not such, hoc im. 
illud, sed non est ejusmodi, Cic. But 
imitor (more fully, imitando effingere 
atque exprimere :, is more usu, in good 
sense: Vv. IMITATE. Phr.: toc.a will, 
testamentum subjicere, supponere, sub- 
dere: toc. coin, uumos adulterinos per- 
cutere: Vv. TO FORGE, COIN. I]. Zo 
put on a false resemblance : 1. 
simulo, 1 (correl. dissimulo; to dis- 
guise and hide): to c. the storms and 
lightning, nimbos et fulmen s., Virg.: 
to c. madness, s. se furere, Cic. a 
assimiulo, 1: leaning on a staff she c.’d 
an old woman, innitens baculo assimu- 
lavit anum, Ov. 3, mentior, 4: you 
c. a young man by dyeing your hair, 
mentiris juvenem tinctis capillis, Mart. : 
Virg.: Vv. FEIGN, PRETEND. 
counterfeit (a4)-) : 1, ficticius: 
c. gems, f. gemmae, Plin.: v. SPURIOUS. 
9, adultérinus: c. money, numus 
FW 0} Ces 3, falsus: a c. letter, f. 
literae, Liv.: at the waters of the c. 
Simois, f. Simoentis ad undam, Virg. 
4, fictus: v. FALSE (Il.). 5: 
facatus (tricked out with spurious qua- 
lities): to distingutsh all c. things from 


genuine, omnia f. a sinceris secernere, 


Cic. 6, fiicosus : (i. q. fucatns): Cic. 
7, mentitus (poet.): c. weapons, m. 
tela, Virg.: c. shapes, m. figurae, Ov. 
counterfeit (subs.) : expr. with adj. : 
as, all c.s fall short of the real thing, 
*deteriora sunt ficticia omnia veris; 
“vincit imitationem veritas,” Cic.: v. 
preced, art. 
counterfeiter: _ |. Ingen. sense: 
1, imitator, /. imitatrix (in good or 
bad sense): Brutus was a wise c. of @ 


Jool, Brutus erat stulti sapiens imitator, 


Ov.: pleasure the c. of the good, boni 
voluptas imitatrix, Cic. 2, simu- 
lator (i. e. one who pretends to be what 
he is not): Sall. (who uses the word 
adjectively) : animus cujuslibet rei simu- 
lator ac dissimulator, Cat. 5: Vv. DE- 
CEIVER, HYPOCRITE. |], One who com- 
mits forgery : falsarius, testamentarius ; 
qui adulterinam monetam exercet: Vv. 
FORGER, COINER. 

counterfeiting (subs.): imitatio, si- 
miilatio: v. IMITATION, PRETENCE. J 0in: 
imitatio simulatioque (virtutis), Cic. 

countermand (v.): rénuntio, 1 
(with something in the context to fix 
the meaning): he immediately sent to c. 
the invitation to his friends to take 
counsel with him, renuntiari extemplo 
amicis, quos in consilium rogaverat im- 
peravit, Sen. (=‘“renuntiari iis ne ad 
se venirent,” Fore.): after having di- 
rected the troops to emlark, he c.’d the 
order, *quum milites conscendere jis- 
sisset [postea] consilium mutavit, iisque 
renuntiatum misit. 

countermarch (v.): signa con- 
vertere (to fuce about): Caes.: Liv.: v. 
TO FACE (II11.), MARCH BACK: to march 
and c., *itinera huc illuc facere, Liv. 

countermarch (subs.) : *iterin con- 
trariam partem, retro, factom: or expr. 
with verb (v. preced. art.) 

countermine (subs.) : 
transversus, Liv. 

countermine (v.): transversis cuni- 
culis cuniculos hostium excipere, Liv. 

counterpane: (?) lodix, icis: Juv.: 
Mart. 

counterpart; no exact word: res 
gemella; alteri rei ab omni parte simil- 
lima; quae alteri rei respondet ad un- 
guem; elc.: V. CORRESPONDING. 

counterplea: perh. quod actioni 
opponitur (actio petitori intenta, R. 


ciniciilus 





COUNTRY 


*insidiatori insi- 


counterplot (.): 
fraudem fraudi 


diari; insidias insidiis, 
opponere: Vv. TO PLOT. 

counterplot (subs.): *insidiae insi- 
diis oppositae: v. PLOT. 

counterpoise (v-): Vv. TO COUNTER 
BALANCE. : ; 

counterpoise (subs.): f, Lit. 
a weight precisely balancing another 
aequipondium, Vitr. 10, 3, 4. (Sacoma, 
Gr. onxwya, appears to be used in similar 
sense, id. 9, pref.: cf. Polyb. 8, 7, fin.): 
Vv. BALANCE. {l. Fig.: *quod pari 
momento est, tantidem momenti habet: 
V. WEIGHT, INFLUENCE, 

counterscarp: perh. crépido, inis, 
f. (a term applied to the banked margin 
of streams, ponds, ete.): Varr.: Plin.: 
or perh. more fully crepido munita 
[fossae]. 

countersign (v.): “nomen suum 
alterius nomini subscribo; contra sub- 
seribo. 

countersign (subs.): tesséra, Liv. : 
Vv. WATCHWORD. 

counter-tenor (subs.): (@)altera ab 
ima Vox; Qui altera ab ima voce cantat : 
v. Hor. Sat. 1, 3, 73 With Maclean’s 
note. 

countervail (v.): aequo, contra 
valeo: v. TO COUNPERBALANCE, NEU- 
TRALIZE. 

countess: *cOmitissa: v. Du Cange: 
*comitis uxor: Vv. COUNT. 

counting (svbs.): dinimératio, an- 
naimératio (rare): more usu. expr. with 
verb: Vv. TO COUNT. 

counting-house : (?) rationaria or 
tabilaria (sc. domus or mensa): the 
latter is used by Just. of the office of a 
registrar or public notary: Vv. ACCOUNT. 

countless; innumérabilis, innii- 
mérus: V. INNUMERABLE, 

countrified : agrestis, rusticus, or 
comp. rusticior: V. RUSTIC, 

country (subs.): |. As opposed 
to town: 1. Ager, agri: (usu. pl.): 
not only from the city, but also from 
the c., non solum ex urbe sed etiam ex 
agris, Cic.: Liv. 9, ris, ruris, n 
(very often with a pleasant association 
hence very freq. in the poets: of the pi. 
only the nom. and acc. are in use): 
lovers of the c., ruris amatores, Hor.: 
the lovely c., r. amoenum, id.: Cic.: 
when men go to the c., quum rus homines 
eunt, Pl.: ‘Ter.: (concerning constr, v. 
L. G. § 256, sqq.): to live in the c., run 
habitare, Cic.: often in pl.: Cic.: Hor. 
One that lives in the c., ruricdla, Ov.: to 
live or stay in the c., rusticor, 1: Cic.: 
whence, a stay in te c., rusticatio, rus- 
ticatus, Us, id. Il. Any tract of land 
or region as distinguished from another : 

1, régio, Onis, f.: but we see the 

largest c.s of the earth inhalntable, atqui 
terrae maximas r. inhabitabiles videmus, 
Cic.: v. REGION. (But regio may also 
denote a “continent:” cf. Pomp. MeL 
I, 4: “cui totius regionts vocabulo cog- 
nomen inditum est:” of africa.) Ve 
terra (also wider in meaning than the 
Eng.: to express it, usually some limit- 
ing word is necessary). the inland c.s, 
interiora terrarum, Mel.: the c. of Italy, 
t. Italia, Liv.: the c. of Gaul, t. Gallia, 
Caes.: V. LAND. 3, fines, ium, pl. 
(mostly with the notion of the fron- 
tiers implied): into the c. of the Bel- 
lovaci, Trinobantes, etc., in tines Bello- 
vacorum, Trinobantum, etc., Caes. 4, 
tractus, is: i. e. a tract or district 
of lund: v. DISTRICT. 5. Ora, pliga: 
V. REGION, COAST. 6, The name of 
the inhabitants of a country is olten put 
for the country itself (see L. 4. § 606): 
esp. when the country has no special 
name: as, to go from the c. of the 
Trevirt into that of the Menapit, ex 
Treviris in Menapios venire, Caes. ( pas- 
sim): Mel. Phr.: the first c. (you 
come to) is Scythia, gentium prima est 
Scythia, Mel.: in peaceable c., in pacato, 
Liv., as opp. to terra hostilis, Cic.: the 
open c., loca patenuora, Cues. ie 
Native country : 1, patria: me's na- 
tive c., which is the common parent of 


| us all, p. quae communis est omnium 








COUNTRY 


COURSE 


COURT 





nostrfiim parens, Cic.; of other things 
besides man: trees have their different 
native ¢.s, divisae sunt arboribus patriae, 
Virg. #elonging to one’s c., patrius (the 
word patria itself strictly having terra 
understood): the language of one’s na- 
tive c., sermo p., Hor (N.B. Patria is 
equally applicable when the native place 
is a single city; as, Priene, Clazomenae 
patriae, etc.) 2, sdlum (with patrium 
or some similar adj.): s. patrium, Liv.; 
8. natale, Ov.: to leave one’s ¢., i. e. go 
into exile, solum vertere, Cic.: Liv. 
Phr.: of what c., cljas, atis: of what c. 
are you, or from uhat town? cujates 
estis, aut quo ex oppido? PL: when 
Socrates was asked of what country he 
said he was, Socrates quum rogaretur 
cujatem se esse diceret, inquit, Cic.: 
one belonging to the same c., popilaris: 
Cic.: ‘ler ; (more usu. civis); v. FELLOW- 
COUNTRYMAN. IV. With esp. refer- 
ence to the inhaintants: nativ, gens, 
popilus: v. PEOPLE, NATION. 

country (adj.): i. e. belonging to the 
country (in sense I.): rusticus, agrestis: 
Co life, vita rustica, Cic. (Not agrestis: 
which would imply boorishness : v. BOOR- 
IsH) . c. estates, r. praedia, id. v. RUSTIC. 
Or expr by gen. of rus: as, c. plea- 
sures, *ruris [amoeni] oblectamenta, vo- 
Juptates : v. subs. 

country-folk: homines agrestes, 
Tustici: v. COUNTRYMAN (1.). 

country-house: villa (orig. a farm- 
house : q v.): dimin. villila: Cic. : Hor. 
(Also c. houses were often called from 
the district in which they were situ- 
ated: as Cic.’s Tusculanum, Arpinas, 
etc.) 

countryman: |, One living in the 
country (v. subs. 1.): rusticus; homo 
agrestis: v. Rustic. Also riricdla 
(chiefly poet.): Col. For the use of 
colonus, V. FARMER, SWAIN. |, One 
belonging to the same country: civis, 
popilaris: v. FELLOW-COUNTRYMAN. 

country-town: municipium rusti- 
canum: Cic. Or simply oppidum, oppi- 
dilum (a small town): v. Town. 

county (English): *cdmitatus, is: 
Milt. Def. 

county-town: *comitatus caput: v. 
CAPITAL. 

coup-d’état: *facinus publicum et 
inopinatum: to attempt a c., res novas 
tentare; nova moliri (Vell. 2, 129): v. 
BEVOLUTION. 

coup-de-grace: V. FINISHING STROKE. 

coup-de-main: repentinus impetus. 
Liv.: a place too strong to be carried by 
a c., locus munitior quam ut primo 
impetu capi posset, Curt.; qui impetus 
et subita belli abnuebat, ‘l'ac. 

couple (v.): |. Trans.: to join 

ther: copiilo, connecto, conjungo, 

etc.: V. TO CONNECT JOIN. |]. In- 
trans.: (of animals): cdeo, miaritor: 
V. TO COPULATE 

couple (subs.): |. Two of any- 
thing: par, jigum, bini: v. PAIR, ll. 
Of the sexes: (besides par, jiigum, 
which are used in this sense), conji- 
gium: Plin. (of animals): also mariti 
(of persons): as, novi mariti, “a young 
c.,” Apul. (= nova nupta et novus ma- 
Titus) II]. For binding or leashing: 
copula: V. LEASH. 

couplet; distichon, i, m.: Mart.: v. 
DISTICH: (or bini versus). 

courage: 1, animus: our men’s 
c. is increased, nostris a. augetur, Caes. : 
sufficient c., satis animi, Ov.: to be of 
good c., bono a. esse; a. Magno fortique 
esse; animo (or, of several persons, 
animis) adesse et omittere timorem, 
Cic.: to inspire with c., alicui animum 
addere, injicere : v. TO INSPIRE: to lose c., 
animo (animis) cadere, Cic. (also alicui 
cadit animus, id.: Liv.): in pl. the 
word is often used in bad sense: v. PRE- 
SUMPTION. Q. virtus: v. VALOUR. 

8, audacia: v. DARING, BOLDNESS. 

courageous: 1, acer, acris, acre 
(implying active courage): c. soldiers, 
a. milites, Cic.: a c. nation, a. genus, 
Liv.: freq. with bello, or militiae, esp. 
im Tac.: v. KEEN, WARLIKE. 2 


alacer, cris, cre (less strong than acer, 
and opposed to ignavus): Vv. ACTIVE, 
ALERT. 8. animosus (full of spirit 
to meet difficulties of all kinds): show 
thyself c., and have fortitude (in adver- 
sity), animosus atque fortis appare, 
Hor.: v. SPIRITED. 4, férox: natu- 
rally mettlesome and warlike: q. Vv. 
5, fortis. strénuus; v. BRAVE, VI- 
GOROUS. 6, Expr. animus: as, 
be c., ades animo, or, adeste animis (of 
more than one), Cic.: v. COURAGE (1). 
See also BOLD, DARING. 
courageously: acriter (as acriter 
pugnam inire, Liv.), fortiter, audacter : 
V. BRAVELY, BOLDLY, FEARLESSLY. 
courier: 1. cursor, dris: Nep.: 
Plin. 2. nuntius: a messenger of 
any kind: q. v. §, tabellarius: Cic.: 
V. LETTER-CARRIER. 4, vérédarius 
(on horseback : late): Sid.: Firm.: such 
@ courier’s horse, vérédus, Cod. Just. 
5, hémérodrémus (Gr. juepodpo- 
pos): Liv.: Nep.: the word is rendered 


by the former speculator (31, 24), and | 


by the latter cursor (Milt. 4, 3). 
course ae) - |. Afotion -in 
some particular direction: 1, cursus, 
iis (in most senses): the c.s of the stars, 
stellarum c., Cic.: so of rivers, Cic. : 
Ov.: of ships at sea (esp. in phr. tenere 
cursum, to keep on their course, Caes. : 
Cic.) : to direct one’s c., c. dirigere, Nep.: 
to be driven out of it, cursu excuti, Virg. 
Fig.: the c. of the times, c..temporum, 
Cic. 2. lapsus, iis (a gliding or flow- 
ing c.): the rapid c. of rivers, fluminum 
rapidi lapsus, Hor.: the stars proceed 
in a fixed c.and space, stellae certo 1, 
spatioque feruntur, Cic.: to flow to the 
sea by its natural c. (of the water of the 
Alban lake), lapsu et cursu suo ad mare 
profiuere, id. 8. ténor, Oris (a c. that 
is steadily kept on: cf. the pbr. cursum 
tenere, supr.): the spear flies, and keeps 
its c., hasta volat, servatque t., Virg.: 
c. of life, vitae t., Ov. 4, via, iter: 
Vv. ROUTE, WAY: to direct one’s c., iter 
dirigere, Cic.: to alter one’s c., iter 
flectere, Virg.: also flectere viam velis, 
id. A. 5,28. Fig.: the c. of our affec- 
tion and my attentiveness, iter amoris 
nostri et officii mei, Cic. Att. 4, 2, init. 
Phr.: to direct one’s c. towards, péto 
(with acc.): Vv. MAKE FOR, GO TO: to 
run through one’s c. of life, decurrere 
vitam, Tib.; also d. spatium vitae (for 
the figure is borrowed from the circus), 
Ov.: that c. of study, orbis ille doctrinae, 
Quint.: the whole c. of our industry, 
curriculum omne industriae nostrae, Cic. 
||. Stated and orderly method of 
proceeding: esp. in phr., in due course: 
ordinatim : tocanvass for honours (offices) 
in the commonwealth in due c. honores 
ordinatim petere in republica, Cic.: so 
also, ex ordine, per ordinem, in ordine : 
each according to his precedence in age 
and rank gave his opinion in due c., ut 
quisque aetate et honore antecedebat, 
ita sententiam dixit ex ordine, Cic.: v. 
ORDER (in). Out of c., extra ordinem: 
to decree a province to any one out of c., 
extra ord. decernere provinciam alicui, 
Cic.: the act of going through:all public 
offices in due c., decursus honorum, Cie. 
I]. Plan or regulatd proceeding: 
1, ratio, Onis, f.: to resolve on a 
certain c..¥. instituere, Pl.: more usu., 
r. inire, Caes.: to abandon ac., r. omit- 
tere, Caes.: myc. in speaking is accus- 
tomed to be as follows, mea r. in dicendo 
haec esse solet, Cic. 2. consilium : 
nor do I know what c. now to take, 
neque quid nunc consili capiam scio, 
Ter.: Cic.: v. PLAN. 8. instititum 
(a course resolved upon, deliberately 
adopted) : to follow one’s own c., instituto 
suo uti, Caes.: Cic. Phr.: to let a 
person take his own c., *permittere alicui 
ut ad arbitrium suum, ad libidinem 
suam agat, cf. supr. (L., fin.). IV. 
The place where a race is run: circus, 
spatium Vv. RACE-COURSE. Vv. A 
course of lectures: perh. *schdlarum 
series: to deliver ac. of lectures, scholas 
habere, cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 7. 
Of medicine: ciratio: v. TREATMENT. 


| Vil. In architecture - c. of stonework, 
|ete.: chdrium,. Vitr. VIL. Service 
|of meat: Phr.; the first, second, and 
| third c., coena prima, altera, tertia, 
| Mart.: he used Lo. give a dinner of three 
|¢.8, coenam ternis ferculis praebebat, 
| Suet. : Juv. 1X: in certain phr.: 
(a). inthe course of: 1. de(with abl.): 
only of time: in the c. of the night, de 
nocte, Cues.: Cic. (also abl. alone): v. 
IN. 2. inter (with acc.: esp. before a 
gerund): in. the c. of speaking, inter 
loquendum. (also in sermone, e.g. in- 
jicere, to let:tall.in c. of conversation, 
Cic.): v. DURING, .(N.B. Iter sermonis 
is the drift or line of reasoning in dis- 
course or conversation: Civ, Leg., 1, 13, 
37-) (b). of c.. as a matter of c.: 1, 
continuo; (only in connection with a 
hegative, or a question implying one): 
| if Ihave mingled with. a crew of assas- 
sins, I am not, therefore, as a matter of 
| ¢., an assassin, non ¢., si me in gregem 
| sicariorum contuli, sicarius, Cic.: if he 
is free from evil, does he, as a matter 
| of c., enjoy the chiefest good? si malo 
careat, c.ne fruitur summo bono? Cic. 
2. scilivet: what says Naevius to this? 
| he laughs, of c., at our folly, quid ad 
haec N.? ridet, scilicet, nostram amen- 
tiam, Cic.: your ‘companions followed 
the maiden, of c.? comites secuti s. 
sunt virginem? Ter. : present my respects 
to my sister.—Of c.! gratulator meae 
sorori.—Scilicet ! Plaut.: very often 
ironical: people trouble themselves a 
great deal about that, of c.! id populus 
curat s.!.Ter.: Vv. FORSOOTH. 3. ni- 
mirum (= no doubt: q. v.): very often 
iron.: Hor.: Juv. 4. vidélicet (iron.): 
Cic.: Vv. DOUBTLESS. 

course of exchange: coll¥bus: v. 
AGIO. 

course (¥.): |. Of the chase: 
vénor, sector: V.TO HUNT. jf, To run 
Jast: curro, propéro: v. TO HURRY, RUN. 

courser: *vénator équus. 

coursing (subs.): léporis vénatio, 

court (subs.): |. A space belong- 
ing to a house, enclosed by a wall or 
Fence: 1, area (applicable to any 
open space: Vv. AREA): Plin. Ep, 3: 
atrium (the inner court, entered from 
the front door: v. Dict. Ant, s. v. 
domus): v. HALL. 8, aula (Gr. avAy 
= Lat. atrium): Hor.: Prop. ss 
| propatilum (an open front court : 
the atrium was entirely covered, ex- 
cepting over the impluvium or tank: 
v. Dict. Ant. p. 427, 6.) im the open 
ge of his house, in propatulo 
domi, Nep. Hann. 9, 3 (see the place); 
in p. aedium, Liv. (But in propatulo 
alone is simply in public.) 5, cohors, 
cors, chors, rtis, 7: for cattle or poultry : 
Varr.: Vv. YARD. I]. 4 palace: 1 
aula: the joyous cof Priam, a. laeta 
Priami, Hor. : away from c., who would 
be virtuous, exeat aula qui volet esse 
pius! Lucan: Cic. (rare): not at all fit 
Jor ac., haudquaquam aulae accommo- 
datus, Curt.: to have the chief in fluence at 
c., aula et rege potiri, Tac. Also used to 
denote the persons composing the court : 
the c. was favourably inclined towards 
him, prona in eum a. (Neronis), Tac. H. 
1, 13: a candidate for court favour, 
aulae candidatus, Instit. Aulicae. Adj. 
aulicus, belonging to a c.: Suet. 3 
régia (sc. domus: hence usu. = palace : 
q. v.): to be seen at c., in r. visum esse 
(said of Caesar’s house), Cic. : Tac. 
Phr.: to be banished fi om c., congressu 
et comitatu (principis) dejici, Tac.: to 
strive for c.-favour, ad gratiam prin- 
cipum grassari, Instit. Aulicae. —_[II. 
By meton.: the persons constituting a 
C.. J, aula: v. supr. (regia does not 
appear to be used in this way). : 
aulici : which does not ordinarily include 
the sovereign: Vv. COURTIER. 8, cd- 
mites, cOmitatus: Vv. RETINUE. (in such 
authors as Symm., Auson., etc. = aula, 
aulici.) IV. Ubsequious attendance, 
as at court: chiefly in phr. to pay c.: 
falls) officio colere, Tac.: ambio; 
favorem alicujus aucipor, etc.: v. TO 
court: also saliite : prop. to poy a visit 

105 











COURT 





of compliment or respect: Suet.: Tac. 
VY. A place where justice ts adminis- 
tered: 1, basilica: Cic.: Vitr. : Suet.: 
v. Dict. Ant. s. v. 9. jiidicium (rare 
in this sense): cf Quint. 4, 2, 25: to 
come into c., inj. venire, Nep. Ep. 8, 2: 
the word denotes, however, more prop. 
the body of judges: v. infr. 3. 
forum: i.e. the public place of legal and 
other business: “ the forum: q.v. 4. 
subsellia, orum (the benches): to run 
away from the c., a subselliis discedere, 
Cic.: to bring a man baci to the c., ali- 
quem ad s. reducere, id.: the ¢.s of law 
require a more powerful. voice, grandi- 
erem vocem s. desiderant, id. §, con- 
ciliabulum (in provincial or country 
towns): Liv. VIL The persons or 
judges assembled in court : 1. judices 
(ihe body of judges or jurors) : V. JUDGE. 
Q. judicium to bribe thec., j. corrum- 
pere, Cic. Clu. 22, extr. (though here the 
word may strictly denote the legal pro- 
cedure): to surround a c. with armed 
men, j. claudere militibus armatis, Quint. : 
tv summon before ac., vocare aliquem in 
j., Cic.: to bring a matter into c., causam 
in judicium deducere, id.: to set before 
the c., sistere aliquem in judicium, Ulp. 
Dig. Phr.: to hold a c., torum agere, 
Cic.: to call into c., in jus vocare, Cic. : 
to plead before the c., pro tribunali 
agere, Cic.: court-day, dies fastus : usu. 
pl.: c.-days, fasti, orum, Cic.: Liv. 
court (as adj.): 1, aulicus: c. 
wrestlers, luctatores a., Suet. 9. ré- 
gius: i. e. of the king, royal: q. v. 
court (v-.): 1, cdlo, ui, cultum, 3 
(usu. of respectful and sincere attention 
or marks of respect): Cic.: v. T© CULTI 
VATE; RESPECT. 2, ambio, 4 (prop. 
to go round, as in canvassing) : to c. the 
favour (of a deity) with anxious prayer, 
numen sollicita prece amb., Hor.: toc. a 
favour, ambire ut, etc., Suet.: Tac.: v. 
TO CANVASS. 8, blandior, 4 (of flat- 
tery and coazing: foll. by dat.): v. TO 
FLATTER. 4, péto, ivi and ii, itum, 3 
(esp. of a suitor): v.T0 Woo. — , ob- 
servo, 1 (similar to colo, but denoting 
the inward feeling rather than the out- 
ward act): v. TO RESPECT. Phr.: to 
c. applause or popularity, captare plau- 
sum, Cic.; c. favorem, Quint. ; studium 
populi et favorem aucupari, Flor. : so, 
gratiam alicujus aucupari, Cic.: studia 
militum affectare, lac. 
court-day: dies fastus, opp. to dies 
nefastus (on which business could not be 
done in the courts); Ov. 
court-dress; *apparatus aulicus (?) : 
Suet. Dom. 4. 
court-house: basilica : Cic.: v. Dict. 
it 8. Vv. 
court-martial; perh. jiidicium cas- 
trense (though in Tac. Agr. 9, jurisdictio 
castrensis is evidently the summary 
proceeding of the commander): Phr.: 
he was tried by a c., *apud judices cas- 
trenses factum est de eo judicium; ex 
consilii s. praetorii sententia res est judi- 
cata (cf. Nep. Phoc. 3, /in.). 
court-minion: mo aulicus gra- 
tiosus (cf. Suet. Oth. 2: “liberta aulica 
gratiosa”); apud principem acceptus: 
y. FAvourITE. (N.B. Not parasitus or 
satelles: v. Lat. Dict. s. vv.) 
courteous: 1, comis, e (obliging: 
esp. to inferiors) : c. to anybouy, c. erga 
aliquem, Cic.; in al. Suet.: compar. 
comior, Cic.; sup. cumissimus, Apul. 
(But the latter may be better expr. by 
maxime comis ; summa, mira comitate: 
y. COURTESY.) Very c., percomis, Cic. 
2, hamanus (more extensive than 
comis; and including all that consider- 
ateness, courtesy, and good feeling which 
belong to a true “ gentleman”): Join: 
comis atque humaaus, facillimus atque 
humanissimus, Cic. 3, facilis, e (ac- 
cessible ; easily persuaded to do a kind- 
ness): Join: f. benevolusque, Ter. : 
V. KIND, AFFABLE. Very much so, per- 
facilis : Cic. 4, bénignus: i. e. gene- 
rous, kind: q. v. 5, affabilis, e: v. 


AFFABLE. See alsO POLITE, OBLIGING, | 


(N.B. Not urbanus, which is simply 
polite een opp. to rude, countrified : nor 
I 


COVER 


| civilis; freq. in ‘T'ac., and applied by 
him to emperors, etc., showing the temper 
of modest citizens.) 
courteously ; cOmiter, cum [magna, 
summa] comitate; himané, humaniter 
(both Cic.); bénigne; affabiliter : for 
syn. seeadj. Join: comiter et jucunde, 
Cic.: suavissime et humanissime [scrip- 
tae literae], id 
courteousr@ss: 1. comitas: c. 
not unattended with sternness, C. non 
sine severitate, Nep.: c.and affability, 
c. affabilitasque sermonis, Cic. zy 
himanitas (more comprehensive than 
the Eng. : see adj. for syn.) : Cic.: Nep.: 
Vv. REFINEMENT. 3. tacilitas: i. e. 
kindness, accessibility: q.v. 4, bé- 
nignitas (usu. from a superior): Cic. 
Ter. 5, Expr. with mores: as, mores 
suavissimi, joined with singularis hu- 
manitas, Cic.: simly., m. comes, be- 
nigni, etc.: v. adj. N.B. For “ with c.,” 
as equiv. to an adv., V. COURTEOUSLY. 
courtesan: meérétrix, icis: v. PROS- 
TITUTE, 

courtesy: |. i. q. courteousness : 
q.v. Pbhr.: acts of c., officia, orum, 
Cic.: by c. (a3 opp. to rightful title), 
(2)gratia non jure; per honorem: v. 
KINDNESS, FAVOUR. I]. A gesture of 
respect made by girls : (?) genuum flexio: 
but usu. salutatio (puellae) will be suffi- 
ciently accurate: v. SALUTATION. To 
make a c., *genibus flexis salutare (genua 
submittere is to fall upon the knees: v. 


KNEEL). 
courtier: |. One who has a posi- 
tion at c.: 1, aulicus (esp. in pl.): 


Nep.: Tac. (in sing. the word is used as 
adject.). Q, amicus (principis) : Suet. 
uses cohors amicorum to denote the 
train of c.s, Cal. 19; Ner. 5, etc. 3. 
purpiratus (lit. wearing purple: hence 
a high officer at court): Cic.: Liv.  [. 
One who is given to flattery of princes: 
*(homo) aulae accommodatus, aulica 
vafritia imbutus; assentator: Vv. TO 
COURT ; FLATTERER. 

courting (subs.): ambitio (esp. of 
courting the favour of the public); Cic.: 
Nep. (Not used of love-cour/ship.) 
Phr.: to goac., amare, in matrimo- 
nium petere: v. TO woo. 

courtly: |. Appertaining to a 
court: aulicus: Suet. Il. Fitted for 
a court: aulae accommodatus; aulae 
artibus s. moribus imbutus, etc.: v. 
COURT. 

courtship: ‘mor (not sollicitatio: 
which is an attempt to seduce): Phr.: 
after a c. of two years, he married her, 
*eam post duos annos quam amare in- 
ceperat, matrimonio duxit ; quum duos 
annos inter se caste amassent, matri- 
monio sunt conjunctl. 

cousin: 1, consobrinus, f. conso- 
brina (prop. on the mother’s side: also 
used for cousin in general): Cic.: we 
also find masc., frater consuobrinus, and 
Jem., soror consobrina Just. Inst. i 
patruélis, is (by the father’s side only) : 
more fully frater and soror patruelis 
Cic.: Just. Inst. 3, amitinus, amit- 
ina: (son or daughter of paternal aunt, 
amita): Gai.: Just. Inst. Less freq. 
are sobrinus, sobrina, applied to the 
children of two sisters, Donat.: and 
matruélis, collateral to patruelis; by the 
mother’s side: Marc. Dig. (N.B. Ger- 
manus, fem. germana, signifies a half- 
brother or sister.) 

cove (a small bay): sinus, is v. 
BAY. 

covenant (subs.): pactum, pactio, 
conventio, etc.: V. AGREEMENT, COM- 
PACT. 

covenant (v.): paciscor, stiptilor 
(the latter denoting a formal engage- 
ment or undertaking in any kind of 
contract): Vv. TO BARGAIN, AGREE, 

cover (%.): |. To overspread; lit. 
and fig.: often with the additional 
sense of hiding: 1, tégo, xi, ctum, 
3 (the most gen. term): to c. a corpse 
with a mantle, corpus pallio t., Nep.. 
huts c.d with straw, casae stramentis 
tectae, Caes.: Cic. Often=to conceal 
| (involucris t., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5): q.v. 





COVER 





Hence comps. (a). contégo, to cover 

cover over: Caes.: Liv.: (b). obtégo, to 
cover over: Cic.: Col: (c). intégo 
(about = simple verb): Caes.: (d). pro- 
légo, to c. in front: Caes.: esp. in fig. 
sense ; V. TO PROTECT, SHELTER. ne 
dpério, ui, rtum, 4 (prop. to c. at the 


top, as a vessel with a lid): he cs the 


tops of the jars with gold and silver, 
summas amphoras auro et argenio 0., 
Nep.: toc.a patient with clothes, aegrum 
multa veste o. (stronger than tegere or 
its comps.), Cels. Hence (a). codpério, 
to c. up completely (most freq. In p. 
part.): Cic.: Liv.: esp. fig.: ¢’d uth 
infamy, coopertus sceleribus, Cic. . SalL.: 
(b.) Addpério (not to be distinguished from 
simple verb: chiefly used in p. part.): 
Liv.: Ov. 3, sterno, with comps. in- 
sterno, constermmo: Vv. TO STREW, SPREAD. 

4, obdiico, xi, ctum, 3 (lit. to draw 
over as a veil: hence sometimes with 
dat. of things c.’d, and acc. of that 
drawn over it: but in present sense 
more freq. with acc. and abl.): trees are 
c.'d with barl:, obducuntur libro trunci, 
Cic.: who also has operimento obduci, 
to be c.’d with a covering: Leg. 2, 22, 
56 Virg.: Plin. 5, obtendo, di, sum, 
and tum, 3 (to stretch or spread over: 
same constr. as preceding ; but must 
freq. with dat. and acc.): the eyes are 
c.’d with a transparent membrane, oculis 
membrana translucida obtenditur, Plin. 
Fig.: characters are c.’d (concealed) as 
vi were with a veil, quasi velis quibus- 
dum obtenditur unius: ujusque natura, 
Cic. 6, Amicio, icui, ictum, 4: Vv. TO 
MANTLE, CLOTHE. 7, Vélo, 1: V. HIDE, 
veIL. Phr.: toc. the head, caput ob- 
nubere, Cic.: Liv. (formula of old law): 
moss-c.’d. rocks, musco circumlita sa2.a, 
Hor.: God c.s (the future) with gloomy 
nigit, caliginosa nocte premit deus, id.: 
to c. (overcast) heaven with gloomy 
clouds, atra nube polum occupare (but 
of gadual covering, obducere : v. supr.): 
Hor.: everything (was) cd with snow, 
omnia nive oppleta (sunt), Liv.: ¢.’d 
with mud, oblitus coeno, Cic.: places 
c.d with underwood, loca virgultis ob- 
sita, Liv. (v. OVERGKOWN): c’d with 
wounds, multis vulneribus confossus, con- 
cisus or (if mortal ones) confectus: v. 
wounp to be c.’d with infamy, infamia 
flagrare, dedecore cumulatum esse, Cic. : 
flagrare rumore malo (less strong), Hor. : 
c’d with honours, cumulatus honoribus, 
Tac.: (to return home) c.'d with glory, 
cum maxima gloria, Liv.: see also 
COVERED. ||, Zo shelter, protect: 1, 
obtégo, protégo, tégo: Vv. TO PROTECT. 

2. cingo, nxi, nctum, 3 (to surround: 
q. V.): toc. one’s vear with a strong body 
of troops, ultimum agmen valida manu 
c., Curt.: his flank was c.'d by cavalry, 
equitatus latera cingebat, Caes. 3. 
claudo, si, sum, 3. the soldiers of the 
Fifth legion c.'d the right (uf the march), 
dextrum quintani clausere, Tac.: to ¢. 
the baggage on the flanis, a lateribus 
impedimenta c., Veg.: also u-ed in the 
sense of to cut off vetieat, shut in: 
hence more fully, agmen cl. et novis- 
simis praesidio esse, Caes. Phr.: he 
cs his flank with a barricade, latera 
coneaedibus munit, Tac.: the rear was 
cd by the twentieth legion, vicesima 
legio terga firmavit, id.: the army ought 
to be c.’d on all sides, undique debent 
praeparata esse subsidia, Veg. 3, 6 (see 
the passage). II]. Zo occupy (space): 

1, obtineo, ui, ntum, 2: to c. nine 
acres, novem jugera ob., Luer.: toc. the 
Jields with broad shade (of a tree), agros 
longis ob. umbris, Plin.: Curt. . 
occiipo, 1 (usu. stronger than the Eng. ; 
to take possession of): to c. with hewn 
stone, caementis oc., Hor.: v. supr. (1.) 
phr. Phr.: to c. a@ great deal of 
ground in fighting (in proportion to 
numbers), raros magnisque intervallis 
proeliari, Caes.: Liv. IV. To bear 
the expense of: Phr.: to c. the ez- 
pense of anything, dare pecuniam in 
sumptum, Ter.: to c. their own expenses 
(by their service), sumptum (suum) 6x- 
sarcire, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 91 (al. exero- 








See aed 


> dee 


COVER 








ere): damnum resarcire (when damage 
has been sustained), Suet.: Col.: this 
sum of money will not c. the expense of 
the building, *minor est haec pecunia 
quam pro aedificii samptu s. impensis. 
V. Of breeding: 1, ineo, 4, wr.: 
Varr. Plin. 4, sapervénio, 4: Varr.: 
Plin. 3. énéro, 1~ Pall. 
cover (subs.) : |. A lid of any 
kind: Opercilum, 6périmentum: v. 
LID, COVERING. I]. Shelter, protec- 
tion; esp. in milit. operations: prae- 
sidium ~'v. PROTECTION; and comp. verb 
(i). Pbr.: under c. of the wall, muro 
tectus (miles), Caes.: under c. of the 
artillery, tormentis munitus, firmatus: 
v. TO COVER (II1.): under c. of the night, 
per noctem (not so strong as the Eng. 
Vv. BY, DURING), cf. Virg. “per amica 
silentia lunae,” A. 2, 255: *nocte adju- 
vante, consilio favente. ||], or game: 
«loca virgultis obsita et feris accom- 
modata. 
covered (part. and adj.): besides 
the p. p. Spertus, cddpertus, obsitus, 
ciimilatus, tectus, &€., for which v. TO 
COVER: densus, condensus (thickly c.): 
of things which are thick together: a 
valley thickly c. with trees, vallis arbori- 
bus condensa, Liv.: simly with creber: 
V. THICK, FULL. Milit.¢.t.: ac. way, 
perh. porticus (a gallery for protecting 
besiegers), Caes. B.C. 2,2: or cuniciilus: 
Vv. MINE. 
covering (subs.): 1, tegmen, inis, 
n.; also tégiimen and tegmentum (the 
most gen. term: whether for conceal- 
ment or sheter): Scythian c. (very 
scanty), Scythicum tegmen, Cic. Liv. 
(this form is esp. frequent in poetry) 
cs for the body either woven or sewn, te- 
gumenta corporum vel texta vel suta, 
Cic. to draw off the c.s of shields, scutis 
tegumenta detrahere, Caes.: ac. for the 
breast, tegumen pectori, Liv. (but MSS. 
vary as to the form). 2. intégimen- 
tum: esp. fig.- the c. of dissimulation, 
in. dissimulationis, Cic.: v. MASK. 4 
dperimentum (a c. put on the top): the 
c. of mother (earth), op. matris, Cic.: a 
double c. (of nuts), duplex op., Plin. 
4, invélucrum (a wrapper: q. v-) 
fig.. integumenta atque involucra in- 
genii,Cic. §, vélamen, vélamentum: 
of the natare of a veil. to hide some- 
thing: esp. ot clothing: q.v. Phr.. a 
c. of clouds, nubium obtentus, Plin. : for 
beds, etc., straghlum: v. COVERLET. 
coverlet : 1, stragiilum cubi- 
culare, Plin.; also stragula vestis, Cic. . 
Liv. (a term applicable to drapery which 
is spread over any couch or furniture). 
2, pallium (also a mantle): Ov.: 
Suet. 8. peristroma, itis, n. (dat. 
and abl. pl. peristromatis): Cic. 4. 
opertorium Oe Sen. Ep. 87. 
covert (adj.): 1. obliquus (indi- 
rect): to attack any one in c. speeches, 
ob. orationibus aliquem petere, Suet. 
c. censure, ob. insectatio, Tac. 2. 
tectus: c. love, tectus amor, Ov. 3. 
occultus: V. SECRET. 
covert (subs.): |. Shelter, de- 
fence: perfiigium, réceptacilum: v. 
RETREAT, REFUGE, SHELTER. ll. 4 
thicket: dimétum: locus virgultis 
obsitus: v. COPPICE, THICKET. 
covertly : 1, obliqué (i. e. in- 
directly): to reprove ary one c., aliquem 
ob. (or obliqua oratione) castigare, Tac. 
Q. tecté; occulté: v. SECRETLY. 
covet: 1. concipisco, pivi, pitum, 
3: toc. pictures, statues, etc.: tabulas, 
signa c., Cic.: strengthened with intem- 
peranter, Nep.; but used also in good 
sense, as to c. a man’s glorious death, 
mortem alicujus gloriosam c., Cic. " 
cupio, gestio, désidéro: v. TO DESIRE, 
LONG FOR. (N.B.—None of the above 
have necessarily a bad sense.) 3. 
In absolute sense.=toindulge a covet- 
ous desire: *pravas cupiditates alere 
(Schleusner), *malam concupiscentiam 
habere (Schottgen). 
covetable: v. DESIRABLE. 


covetous: ager to obtain (rare, ex- | 
cept in bad sense: for good sense see | 


DESIROUS, EAGER): 1, avarus (very 


COWER 





rare in good sense): a c, and thievish 
man, a. et furax homo, Cic.: the c. man 
is always needy, semper a. eget, Hor. - 
also in good sense: c. of glory, gloriae 
a. Hor. Fig. of things without life- 
the c. sea, mare a., Hor. 9. avidus 
(in good or bad sense. v. EAGER): the c. 
double their wealth, divitias conduplic- 
ant avidi, Lucr.: the c. hands af the 
heir, a. manus heredis, Hor. 3. ap- 
pétens (in good or bad sense): signs of 
a grateful mind, not c. or greedy, grati 
animi, non ap., non avidi signa, Cic.: @ 
man not greedy nor c., homo nop cup- 
idus neque appetens, Cic. 4, ciip- 
idus (rare in this sense): more pre- 
cisely nuilius rei_c., Nep.: opp. to 
moderatus, Cic. Pbr.: to be very c., 
*cupiditate habendi ardere; divitias in- 
temperanter cupere, coucupiscere: v. 
COVET. 

covetously: ivaré, avidé, appét- 
enter, Cie (Or expr. by adj.: as the 
more they have, the more thry c. desire, 
*quo plura habent, eo plura cupiunt 
avidi: see adj.: or with subs., as cuj)- 
iditate inductus, etc.) 

covetousness: 1. Avaritia. de- 
fined by Cic. as opinatio vehemens le 
pecunia quasi valde petenda sit, Tusc. 
4, 11, 26. to be characterised by greedy 
and overreaching c., a. hianti atque im- 
minenti esse, id. 2. cipiditas (more 
extensive than the Eng.: any tnordinate 
desive): V. PASSION, DESIR -. 3, avid- 
jtas: usu. with something in the con- 
text to define it: inflamed by c., cupidi- 
tate inflammatus, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38 
(q. v). Pl. 4, amor habendi [sceler- 
atus], Hor. (Simly, expr. by pecuniae 
cupido, Sall.; opum [furiosa] cupido, Ov.) 

covey: grex, grégis, m.: e€. g. pa- 
vonum, Phaedr.: v, FLOCK. 

cow (swis.): 1, vacca: as opp. to 
taurus: Virg.: Varr. Adj. vaccinus. 
as c.’s milk, lac vaccinum, Plin.: c.’s 
Jlesh, caro v., id. Dimin. vacciila, a 
small c., Cat. 2. bos, bévis (which is 
c. g.: hence femina requires to be added 
where the gender of another word does 
not determine the sex): one of thec.s, 
una boum, Virg.: v. HEIFER. Adj. 
bibiilus~ as, lac bubulum, Plin.; caseus 
b., Suet. 8, taura (@ barren c.): 
Varr.: Col. 4, horda or forda (a c. 
with calf): Varr. 

cow (v.): perh. stiipéfacio, stiiporem 
incitio: v. TO STUPIFY, TERRIFY. 

cow-bane;: ciciita: v. HEMLOCK. 

cow-dung: fimus vaccinus, stercus 
vaccinum s. vaccarum: v. DUNG. 

cow-herd ; armentarius, bibulcus: 
v. HERDSMAN. 

cow-hide: corium vaccinum, bi- 
bilum. v. HIDE, 

cow’s-horn : vaccinum or vaccae 
(bovis) cornu: V. HORN. 
cow-house: bibile, is, n.: Varr. 
cow-parsley: chaerdphyllum (?): 


cow-parsnep: *heracleum arvense, 
inn 


coward (subs.) : 1, ignavus (ad). 
hence in sing. requiring some word to 
refer to)- a soldier who is a c., miles 
ignavus et timidus, Cic.: v. COWARDLY 
(where the syn. are distinguished). 

Q, timidus: v. TIMID. 3, fiigax 

(also an adj.): v. RUNAWAY. 

cowardice: 1, ignavia (want of 
spirit and energy: opp. fortitudo, Cic.). 
Join: timiditas et ignavia, Cic. 3 
timiditas- v. TIMTDITY. 

cowardly (@dj.): 1. ignavus 
(wanting in spirit and energu): Join: 
ignavus [miles] ac timidus, ignavus et 
imbellis, Liv. ; ignavissimus et fugacts- 
simus [hostis], id. 2. timidus: v. 
TIMID. 3. imbellis, e (eapt for 
war): ¥. UNWARLIKE, and spr (Also 
trepidus, pavidus may someumes be 
used, but they denote a temporary, not 
an habitual character. v. FEARFUL.) 
Advy.: inac. manner, ignavé, timidé, 
Cic. 

cower (v.): i.e. to crouch in fear, 
*genibus summissis metum indicare, se 
ad pedes alicujus pavidum projicers. 


CRACK 


——— 


cowl]: ciicullus, Juy.: Mart : witha 
cowl on. ciicullatus. Esp. in M.L. of the 
monk's cowl: as in Prov., * cucullus 
non facit monachum.”” 

coxcomb: j. Lit.: ecrista galli: 
Vv. COMB. ll. Fig.: @ conceited Jop: 
adolescens nitidus atque elegans; oF 
mium sui amator; suffiaius (PL): v. 
FOP. CONCEITED. 

coxcombry: munditia odiosa, pu- 
tida: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 36, 330. 

coy: 1, fuigax- coy Pholoé, f. 
Pholoé, Hor. (Simly, fugiens, Hor. Od. 
3,18,1.) Q, vérécundus: v. BASHFUL. 

coyly ; vérécundé, timidé. v. Basu- 
FULLY, MODESTLY. (Hor. bas vitas hin- 
nuleo me similis, Od. 1, 23, 1.) 

coyness: Vérécundia: v. BASHFUL- 
NESS. 


cozen: fallo, lidificor, et. v. To 
CHEAT. 
cozenage: ddlus, fallacia (Join: 
fucus et lallacia, Cic.), of Uciae (PI Vv. 
CHEATING, TRICKERY. 
cozener: lidificator, fraudator, ete. : 
Vv. CHEAT. 
cozily ; (?) satis commodé in arto: v- 
COMFORTABLY. 
cozy: (2) in artum (breve, Hor.) 
coactus quidem sed satis commiudus. vy. 
COMFORTABLE. 
crab: |. The shell-fish : Vf 
cancer, cri (also -cris, Plin.}, m.: the 
different species of c.s are enumerated, 
Plin. 9, 30, 51: the word is used also 
for the sign Cancer (Cancri sidus, Virg. 
Col.: Plin. Q2. pagirus (7ayoupos) 
in Plin. a species of crab: v.l.c.: Pall. 
The form pagur also occurs, Ov. ll. 
A wild apple: malum silvestre (cf. 
Virg. G. 2, §1). Il]. A kind of crane: 
(?) tolléno, ciconia: v. CRANE. 
crabbed: |, Sour, austere: 1, 
importiunus, morosus, difficilis: v. 1LL- 
TEMPERED. 9. acerbus: i. e. sour; 
lit. and fig. (q. v.). 8, amarus: v. 
PEEVISH’ see alsO HARSH, GLOOMY. — [f, 
Difficult, perplexing: Phr.: ac. discus- 
sion, impedita disceptatio, Liv: @ c. 
kind of discussion, sp\nosum disserendi 
genus, Cic.: v. THORNY, INTRICATE. 
crabbedly ; morose, amaré: v. 
PEEVISHLY. 
crabbedness: mordsitas, Acerbitas, 
importunitas: Vv. ILL-TEMPER, PEEVISH- 
NESS. 
crack (v.): A. Trans.- F 
To breale partially: 1, findo, fidi, 
fissum, 3: the dog-star c.s the gaping 
soil, hiulea f. Canis arva, Virg. (for 
which Catull. has biulcat); 0 c, statues, 
statuas f., Hor.: v. To spuit. (Diffindo 
is actually to split in two.) Q, frango, 
perfringo (as of cracking nuts, etc.. cf. 
Virg. G. 2, 72): Vv. TO BREAK, BURST 
Phr.: to c. a man’s skull, caput alicui 
infringere, elidere: Vv. DASH, BREAK 
ll. Fig.: in various uses: loc. a 
whip, flagello insonare, verbera insonare, 
Virg.: to c. one’s fingers, articulos in- 
fringere, Quint.: to c. goles, Jocularia 
fundere, risum movere: Vv. JOKE. lo ¢. 
of nothing but furrows and vineyards, 
sulcos et vineta crepare mera, Hor. 
B, Intrans.: |. Yo open in 
chinks : 1. fatisco, 3: the camel’s 
hoofs c., camelo ungues f., Plin. : lest. the 
threshing floor may c. (open in chinks), 
area ne f., Virg. 9. dissilio, ui, 4 (to 
c. asunder): rocks c. asunder with glow- 
ing heat, d. ferventi saxa vapore, Lucr. 
flint cs with fire, d. silex igni, Plin 
3, displodor, pldsus, 3 (to c. in two 
with a loud noise: esp. iD X part.): 
dirumpor: v. TO BURST. 4, d&hisco, 3: 
V. TO GAPE OPEN. 5, rimas agere, duc- 
ere; v. foll. art. ||. To make a sharp 
sound: crépo, 1: i. e. to crackle, rattle: 
q. v. \Perh. aridum sonum, fragorem 
edere : cf. Virg. G. 1, 357 aridus fragor. 
‘*qualis sonus asper et acutus lignorum 
aridorum quum franguntur,” Forbiger, 
ad 1.). 
crack (subs.): |. A chink: L 
rima: to open tm c.s, rimas agere, Ov.: 
Cic.: v. cHINK. Full of c.s, rimSsus: @ 
building full of c.s, r. aedificium, CoL: 
Virg. Dimin.: 2 little c., rimila, Cels. 
16] 


CRACK-BRAINED 








Q. fisstra: cracks in the lips. la- 
brorum fissurae, Plin. I]. A sound: 
crépitus, fragor: Vv. NOISE. - 

erack-brained (a4j.): cerritus, de- 
lirus, vécois: V. MAD, FOOLISH. 
crack-hemp, or -rope (a knave fit 
for the galows): furcifer, crux, pati- 
bilium : v. G \LLOWS-BIRD. : 
erackle (t ): 1, crépito, 1 (fre- 
quent. of 2): the c.ing flame, flamma cre- 
pitans, Lucr.. to c. in the flames, ©. 
flammis, ‘lib. 9. crépo, ui, 1: the 
savin c.s on the hearth, herba sabina ad 
focos c. Prop. Phr.: @ dry c.-ing 
noise, aridus fragor, Virg.: the ¢. gram 
of (salt), saliens mica, Hor. Od. 3, 23. fin. 
crackling (swhs.): |. A noise: 
crépitus, is (any shrill noise: &. 8. C. 
digitorum, Mart.): v. RATTLE. UL. 
The crisp skin of roast pork : (?) *crusta 
or crustula poreina; porcinae crustu- 
latum. v CRUST. | 
cgfracknel: (?) spira (a twisted roll) : 
to. 


cradle (subs.): Lit.: 1, cunae, 
arum. te squall ina c., in cunis vagire, 
Cic.: to rock a c., c. movere, cf. Mart. 
II, 39, 1. Fig.: from one’s c., [a] 
primis c., Ov. 9. incinabila, orum 
(esp. in fig. sense): imbued from the c. 
with hatred of the tribunes, ab incuna- 
bulis imbutus odio tribunorum, Liv. : 
Crete the c. of Jove, in. Jovis Crete, Ov.: 
Virg. Cic. 3, In fig. sense some- 
times expr. by tmp. part. as vagiens, 
nascens: an infant in the c., vagiens 
puer, Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 3: they were sur- 
rounded by poverty and distress from 
their very c., paupertas et angustia re- 
rum nascenies eos circumsteterunt, 
Dial. Or. 8. 

cradle (v.): in fig. sense, to bring 
up: esp. in p. part., as, c.d in luxury, 
*omni luxuria a primis annis assue- 
factus, imbutus; quem nascentem om- 
nis circumstetit abundantia rerum atque 
kuxuria. 

eraft: |. Handicraft: 1, ars, 
artis, f.: V. BUSINESS. 9, artificium: 
cs ana trades, artificia et quaestus, 
Cic.: Vv. HANDICRAFT. =f, Cunning: 
délus (the most general term), astus 
(chiefly in abl. astu=sharpmess, cute- 
— astitia: v. CUNNING. (ll, aA 
small vessel: ratis, scapha, navicila: v. 
BOAT, SiIP. 

eraftily ; callidé, argute, astute: v. 
CUNNINGLY. 

craftiness: calliditas, dOlus, va- 
fritia: v. CUNNING (subs.). 

crafty ; astitus, callidus, délosus : 
Y. CUNNING, SLY. 

crag: ©0s, cotis, f.: 
ROCK, CLIFF. 

craggy: 1, sc6ptilosus: c. hills, 
s. colles, Sil.: Lucan. 9. saxOsus : 
v. ROCKY. 8, asper, éra, rum: ©. | 
rocks, a. saxa, Cic.: V. RUGGED. 

crake (a bird): *rallus: v. CORN- | 


scOpulus: v. 


CRAKE, 

cram (v.): A, Trans.: |. To 
jill to excess: 1, farcio, si, tum, or 
sum, 4: the whole theatre was c.’d, fartum 
totum theatrum, Apul.: Flor. (More 
freq. in sense II.) 9. réfercio, si, 








tum, 4: ye recollect that the sewers were 
cd with the bodies of citizens, meministis 
corporibus civium cloacas referciri, Cic. - 
Plin. Fig.: toc. the ears with words, 
aures sermonibus r., Cic. 8, con- 
fercio, 4: v. TO STUFF. N.B.—Both 
this and the preceding are most freq. in 
p. part. réfertus, abounding in; con- 
fertus, close together : CROWDED (q. V.). 

4, inculco, 1 (with acc. and 
dat.. prop. to tread or stamp im): Col. 
Esp. fig.: as, toc. a thing down a per- 
son's throat (whether he will or no), inc. 
aliquid alicui, Cic. 5, stipo, 1: v. TO 
comMPRESS: ships c.’d close together, in 
arto stipatae naves, Liv.: v. TO CROWD, 
CROWDED. ||. Zo fili vith food: 1. 
farcio, 4 : gluttonous and c.ing themselves 
with more than they can contain, edaces 
et se ultra quam capiunt farcientes, Sen. 
Esp. of fattening an animal: you must 
c. hens and geese in this way, gallinas 
et anseres sic farcito, Cato. Col. Oh 

168 


~ CRATER 





sigino, 1: when Antony was every day 
being c.’a with recherche dinners, cum 
exquisitis quotidie Antonius saginaretur 
epulis, Plin.: to c. a horse urth barley 
and vetches, equum hordeo ervoque s., 
Col.: v.TOFATTEN. JB, Intrans.: 
helluor (héluor), 1: Vv. TO GORMANDIZE. 
Fig.: to c. (for an examination), 
‘*menti farraginem rerum cujuscunque 
generis inculcare; cuncta eonfertim 
menti inculeare: v. supr. (1. 4). 

cramp (subs.): |. Spasm: spas- 
mus, Cels.; nervorum rigor, Cels. ; 
tétanus, Cels. ||. Cramp-iron: fi- 
bila, uncus: v. CLAMP. 

cramp (2.): |. To pain or affect 
with cramp: spasmo, etc. (Vv. preced. 
art.) vexare, afficere; *nervos corrug- 
are, contrahere. More freq. in sense, 

II. Zo confine, restrain: coarto, 

comprimo, cogo (with or without in 
artum, in angustum), etc.: v. TO CON- 
FINE. Phr.: to be c.d for room (of 
soldiers), in angusto tendere, Liv.. of a 
person in a house, anguste sedere, Cic. : 
cd circumstances (poverty), res augusta 
domi, Juv. See also TO HAMPER, FET- 
TER. Ill. With an iron: fibulis col- 
ligare, Vitr. 

cramped (adj:): Phr.: ac. style, 
*genus scribendi restrictum, minus li- 
berum (not contortum: for contorta et 
acris oratio, Cic. Or. 20, 66, is energetic, 
Jiery, oratory). ; 

cramp-fish: torpédo, inis, f.: Cic.. 
Plin. (*Raia torpedo, Linn.) 

crane: |. The bird: grus (older 
form gruis, Phaedr.), gruis, e.: Virg. : 
Plin. (*ardea grus, Linn.) HH. 4 
machine for hoisting : 1, toliéno, 
dnis, f.: esp. for use in sieges: Liv. : 
3 9. cicdnia- Isid.: Vet. Gloss. 
ap. Veg. (= tolléno). 3, trochléa, 
tympanum the former prob. a sheaf of 
pulleys; the latter the drum or wheel 
round which the tackle for raising the 
weight ran: Lucr. 4, machina: i.e. 
machine: qg.v.  §, carchésium (in @ 
ship): v. Dict. Ant. 78a, 6. 

erane’s-bill; géranium: Plin. 

crank: |, An iron elbow: (?) 
uncus; ferrum uncatum: v. HOOK. 

Il. Any bend or turn (rare in this 

sense): V. BEND, TURNING. 

crannied: rimosus (full of cran- 
nies or chinks): Col.. Juv. 

cranny: rima, rimiila; fisstra: v.. 
CRACK, FISSURE. 

crape: *textilium genus quod crisp- 
um (Anglicé ‘‘ crape’’) vocatur, dressed 
inc, atratus, pullatus: i. ¢. MOURNING 
(a. v.). 

crapulence: crapiila: to get md of 
c., C. exhalare, also edormire (to sleep it 
off), Cic.; amovere, Pl: discutere (by 
medicine), Plin. 

crapulous: 1, crapilentus, cra- 
pulosus (both rare). 9, témulentus 
(i. e. heavy with wine): cf. Coel. ap. 
Quint. 4, 2, 123: ipsum offendunt 
temulento sopore profligatum, totis 
praecordiis stertentem, etc.: Cic. 3. 
expr. by circuml.: crapulae plenus, cra- 
pula laborans, etc.:; v. subs. 

crash (swbs.): 1, fragor, Oris: the 
c. of the buildings which were being 
demolished, f. tectorum quae dirue- 
bantur, Liv.: on the left hand it thun- 
dered with a sudden c., subito f. in- 
toruit laevum, Virg.: @ dry sounding 
(harsh) c., aridus f., Virg. 2. stré- 
pitus, us (as of horns, or narsh music) : 
V. DIN. 8. sonus, ; sdnitus, ds (gen. 
term) : v. SOUND, NOISE. 

crash (v.): 1. strépo, ui, itum, 
3: esp. of horns, clarions, etc.: Hor. : 
Virg.: of thunder: Sil. Q. tragorem 
dare: Lucr.: Ov. Phr.: tf the hea- 
vens should come cing down upon him, 
si fractus illabatur orbis, Hor. 

crasis: in grammar: crasis, is, f. 

crass; crassus, densus: v. DENSE. 

crassitude: crassitido. v. THICK- 
NESS. 
erate: corbis, corbiciila : +v. BASKET. 
cratés, is, f., is rare except in pl. 

crater: |. Of @ volcano: crater, 
éris, m.+ tts c. (of Etna) is twenty 


CREAM 





stades in circuit, c. ejus patet ambitu 
stadiorum viginti, Plin. (In poet. perk. 
fornaces, lit. furnaces: Hor.: Virg.) 
{|. 4 constellation : cratéra, Cic. . 

crater, Ov. 

eraunch: dentibus frangere, con- 
terere ; cum fragore conterere, obterere : 
v. TO CRUSH. 

cravat: (?) focile, is, m.: usu. pl. 
focalia; only worn by the delicate or 
effeminate: v. Hor.S. 2, 3, 254: Quint. 

crave (v.): i. e. to beg earnestly: 
dro, obsecro, péto, etc.. v. BEG, DIPLORE, 
ENTREAT. 

eraven (svbs.) + *qui animo prorsus 
abjecto est; ignavus atque abjectus: v. 
ABJECT, COWARDLY. 

craving (subs.): désidérium: v 
LONGING. 

craw: ingliivies, guttur: v. CROP. 

eraw-fish: (?) astacus, Plin. 

erawl (subs.): an artificial oyster- 
bed: ostrearium, Plin. 

crawl (v.): 1. repo, repsi, ptum, 
3: he observed snails c.ing about among 
the rocks, animum advortit inter saxa 
cochleas repentes, Sall. Frequent, repto, 
to c. about: Plin. 2. serpo, psi, 
ptum, 3: esp. of the motion of serpents : 
v. CREEP. (N.B.—Repo with its com- 
pounds érépo, to c. out or up; prorepo, 
toc. forth; etc., is the proper word to 
denote the slow crawling of insects.) 

crawling (adj.): reptilis, e: of 
snails, Sidon. 

crawling (subs.): reptatio, of in- 
fants, per manus et genua, Quint. : 
reptatus, Tert. 

crayfish: Vv. CRAWFISH. 

crayon: 1, créta (i. e. chalk: 
which, however, is not stated by Plin. 
to have been used in art: cf. 35, 15.57, 
$q-)- Q. rubrica, sc. terra; redearth : 
ct Hor. S. 2, 7, 98, “proelia rubrica 
picta aut carbone.” 

craze: |. Lit.: to break, crush 
(rare in this sense): Vv. CRUSH, PULVER- 
ISE. Il. Zo turn the brain: Alieno, 
1: with mentem, Liv. 42, 28, jin. : 
Plin.: also absol. Sen. Q. N. 2, 53. 
Chiefly in pass.: to be c.d, mente alien- 
ari, Plin. (v. supr.); minus compdtem 
sui fieri, cf. Liv. l.c.; furiosum fieri: v. 
MAD, MADDEN. 

craziness: |, Physical: imbe- 
cillitas, infirmitas: Vv. FEEBLENESS.  ]. 
Mental; mentis alienatio, mens alienata ; 
furor: V. DERANGEMENT, MADNESS. 

crazy: |. Physically : décrépitus 
(of the body): Pl.: Ver.: also imbé- 
cillus, infirmus: v. DECREPIT, FEEBLE. 


| Phr.: a c. vessel, *navis vetustate con- 


fecta; navis parum firma. {|. Men- 
tally: 1, cerritus: Pl.: Hor. (2, 
mente alienatus, minus compos sui, 
etc.: V. DERANGED. 

creak: 1. gémo, ui, itum, 3 (esp. 
poet.): the moved window c.’d with a 
gentle sound, gemuit paryo mota fenes- 
tra sono, Ov.: a c.ing wheel, gemens 
rota, Virg.: of mast and yards, Hor. 
Od. 1, 14,6: Plin. Ep. 9. strideo or 
strido, di, 2 and 3 (of any harsh, grating 
sound): a c.ing waggon, stridentia 
plaustra, Virg.: v. TO GRATE. (N.B. 
Crepo and concrepo, freq. used of doors 
in Ter. and Pl., refer to some noise 
made by or with them preparatory to 
opening.) 

creaking (adj.): stridtlus: the c. 
wains, s. plaustra, Ov. (see also verb). 

creaking (swbs.): 1, stridor: of 
a door, Ov. (applicable to any shrill 





noise). 2. crépitus, tis (prop. a rat- 
tling or sharp noise): the c. of hinges, 
ce. cardinum, Pl. Cure. 1, 3, 1 (See the 
place). 3. argitatio: (fig.) of a bed, 


Cat. 4, sdnitus, is: gen. ferm: v. 
SOUND. 
cream : |. Of milk: 1, spima 


(lactis): Plin. describes butter as spuma 
lacte concretior, etc.: N. H. 11, 41, 96. 

2, *flos lactis: after the anal. of 
flos vini, Cato, R. R. rr. 3, *crémor 
lactis (cremor is a creamy juice of any 
kind: cf. Cato, R. R. 88- also called 
crema, Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v.). il. 
Fig.: the best of any thing: v. FLOWER 





— 


CREAM 


cream (v.): fléreo, spimo: v. TO 
FROTH. 
tugs (?) gilvus: Varr. : 





creamy: expr. by crémor (v. CREAM): 
cremoris naturam habens, etc. 

crease (subs.): raga: Vv. WRINKLE, 
FOLD. 7o take out cs, éragare, Plin. 

crease (v.): riigo, corrugo ; duplico: 
Y. TO WEINKLE, CRUMPLE, FOLD. 

create. |. To cause to exist: 1. 
creo, 1: the elements of things. from 
which nature c.s all things, rerum pri- 
mordia, unde omnes natura creat res, 
Lucr. : Cic. 2, généro, 1 (prop. to 
engender, beget: q. v.): God cd and 
endowed man, hominem generavit et 
ornavit Deus, Cic.: men have been cre- 
ated for the sake of men, homines hom- 
inum causa generati sunt, Cic.: Hor. 

8. gigno, génui, itum, 3 (i. q. 

genero): for neither would that be an 
elemental principle which should be c.d 
from without, nec enim esset id prin- 
cipium quod gigneretur aliunde, Cic.. 
Plato says that they are not cd, but 
always exist, Plato eas (ideas) gigni 
negat et ait semper esse, Cic.: v. TO PRO- 
puce. 4, pario, 3: v. TO BEGET, CAUSE. 


strictly to arise, be born: q. V- Il. 
To conceive by the mind: Z 
1. to c. a new character, personam f. 
novam, Hor. 9, fingo, nxi, ctum, 3: 
let what you c. be consistent, sibi conve- 
nientia finge, Hor. A. P. 119. a: 
pario pépéri, partum, 3 cf. Cic. de Or. 
2, 87, 356: “ars dicendi habet hanc vim, 
non ut tofum aliquid, cujus in ingeniis 
Postris pars nulla sit, pariat et fi 0- 
4. mentior, 4 (poet.) : Hor. 


creet, etc.” 
A. PL I51. 5, invénio: cf. Cic. Inv. 
1,7- $l. 70 make or appoint (as kings, 


ete.): creo, facio: v.r0 aprornT (1.). 
created (adj.): (as opposed to self- 
existing): nalivus: a c. universe, mun- 
dus n., Lucr.: i is the opinion of Anazi- 
mander that the Gods are c. beings, 
Anaximandri opinio est n. esse Deos, 
Cic.: see also verb. 
creation: |. Act of creating: 
creatio (very rare): the c. of magis- 
trates, magistratuum c.,Cic. Usu. expr. 
with verb: as, before, since, the c. of 
man, ante, post, homines natos, Cic. 
Il. The total of things created: 
mundus: i. e. the world, universe: q. V. 
lil. 4 production of human genius: 
*quod humano ingenio fictum, excogi- 
tatum sit v. CREATE (II.): or simply 
Opus. i.e. work (q. v.), or by circuml., 
as, there is no greater c. of the human 
mind than the Iliad, *nihil effecit hom- 
inum ingenium lliade pulchrius. 
creative: ], creatrix: epith. of 
nature in Lucr.: v. CREATOR. 9. 
effectrix (in !ess precise sense): Cic.: 
vy. PRopUCTIVE. Phr.. c. power (of 
mind), *animi vis [vivida] quae ad res 
excogitandas atque effingendas (?pro- 
creandas: cf. creaTE, IL.) valet; in- 
genii vis formatrix; quae novas res 
fingit atque format. 
creator: |. With ref. to the world: 
1, creator (rerum): Join: ille 
ereator atque opifex (framer) rerum, 
Lucan. Fem. creatrix: Vv. CREATIVE. 
2. procreator mundi (with ille pre- 
fixed): Cic. 8. génitor: Cic., who 
has optimus et praestantissimus g., 
Tim. 8. Join: genitor et effector, 
id. 4, (Less exactly) Opifex, fabri- 
cator: V. FRAMER. |. In general 
sense: maker, vriginator: 1, auctor: 
L. Brutus, the c. of your nobility, L. 
Brutus, auctor nobilitatis tuae, Cic.: v. 
AUTHOR. 9. parens, tis: Socrates, 
the c. of philosophy, Socrates, p. philo- 
sophiae, Gic.: Tully, the e. of eloquence 
and Latin literature, Tullius, tacundiae 
Latinarumque literarum p.. Plin. 3: 
effector v. MAKER. 
creature: _ |. Strictly: a created 
hing: (N.B. Not creatura, which has 
ao earlier authority than Tert.): i 
4nimal, Animaus (a living c.): the 


‘latter esp. in pl.: man a divine c., 


homo divinum animal, Cic.: that per- 


CREDIT 





nicious c. (Clodius), funestum illud ani- 
mal, id.: every living c., omne genus 
animantum, Lucr.: that one c. should 
live by the death of another, alterius 
animantem animantis vivere leto, Ov. 
2, Use res, or neut. of adj.: v. 
THING. 3, OSpus, Eris: all ye c.s, 
omnia opera (Dei), Vulg.: v. BEING 
(11.). If. As term of endearment: 
1, Anima: dearest cs, carissimae 
animae! Cic Q, déliciae, arum- v. 
DARLING. 3, mellitus (a sweet c.): 
Cat. 4, May sometimes be expr. by 
adimin.: as Catullus to Lesbia’s spar- 
row, miselle passer! poor little c./ or 
Adrian’s animula, blandula, etc. il. 
Of contempt: animal: v. supr. (1.). 
Phr.: servile c.s, servientum animae, 
Tac,: ridiculous c., ridiculum caput! 
Ter.: poor c.s of men, homunculi! Cic. 
(comp, supr. IL). |V, A tool, depend- 
ant: minister, tri: more fully, alienae 
minister potentiae, Vell. 2, 33. Phr.: 
Lentulus is the mere c. of Pompey, L. 
est totus in potestate Pompeii, Cic.: of 
your ¢. (in good sense), de te pendentis, 
te respicientis amici, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 105: 
cf. Sall. 19: “Cn. Pompeii veteres fidos- 
que clientes.” YY, Something formed, 
imagined: Phr.. empty cs of the 
fancy, vanae species (finguntur), Hor. 
‘A. P. 8: vana simulacra, Ov. Am. rf, 6, 
g: Lucr.: Hor. calls the fanciful c.s of 
the Odyssey, speciosa miracula, A. P 
144: phantasma (— simulacrum) occurs 
in late writers, as Tert. 
credence; fides, &i, #: Vv. BELIEF, 
CREDIT: to give ¢. to any ome, alicui f. 


habere, Cic.; also f. adjungere (rebus | 


commenticiis), id: or simply credere, 
id.: Vv. BELIEVE. 

credentials; publicae auctoritates 
ac testimonia (legationis), Cic. *literae 
ad fidem faciendam datae (R. and A.). 

credibility: no word nearer than 
fides or auctoritas: what authority and 
c. can the letter have? quan habere 
auctoritatem et quam f. litterae pos- 
sunt? Cic.: a book of well-ascertained c., 
liber spectatae f., Gell. Phr. to give 
an appearance of c. to their story, "quo 
veris similiora redderent dicta sua: to 
prove the c. of a history, *historiam veri 
similem esse demonstrare, probare: @ 
book concerning the c. of Roman his- 
tory, *liber de fide atque auctoritate 
Romanae historiae scriptus: have these 
things any c., *haeccine talia sunt ut 
iis fides sit habenda? 

credible: 1, crédibilis, e (not of 
persons) ‘‘credibile est, quod sine ullo 
teste, auditeris opinione firmatur,” Cic. 
Inv. 1, 30, 48: scarcely c., vix c., Hor. 

2, probabilis, e (stronger than 1: 

commending itself to the judgment). Vv. 
PROBABLE. 3, Very often expr. by 
fides: as, to make a thing appear c., 





1 





fidem facere alicui rei, Liv.: a fide non | 


abhorrens (not incredible: q. v.): Liv. 
4, locuples (of witnesses, authori- 
ties): a most c. witness or author, testis, 
auctor locupletissimus, Cic. Phr.. so 
stated by c. authors, a bonis auctoribus 
sic scriptum, Cic.: c. and well-informed 
witnesses, satis idonei testes et conscii, 
Cie. 
testis fide dignus, but without stating 
authority.) 
credit (subs.): |. Belief, faith: 
1, tides, Gi: when less c. was now 
given to legends, quum jam thinor fabulis 
haberetur f., Cic.: to give c. to evidence, 
testimonio f. tribuere, Cic.: who also 
has, f. adjungere in same sense: J have 
c. with this man, mihi f. apud hunc est 
(with acc. and inf.), Ter.: it lessens 
both the authority of the orator and the 
c. of his speech, imminuit et oratoris 
auctoritatem et orationis f., Cic. 5 
auctoritas (stronger than fides: esp. as 
attaching to a person’s influence or cha- 
racter: ¥. supr. last ex.): to think that 
that evidence deserves ¢., for which no 
voucher has been found, putare auc. esse 
in testimonio cujus auctor inventus sit 
pemo, Cic.. but what c. can be given to 
that phrenzy whwh you call divine? 
quid vero auctoritatis habet furor iste 


(N.B. Georges and others give! 
| amor est, Hor.: Ov. 





CREEF 





quem divinum vocatis? Cic.: v. aU- 
rHORITY. |l. steem, reputation: 
fama, existimatio, gratia (influence, po- 
pularity: q. V.): V. REPUTE, BEPUTA- 
Tion. Phr.: nor do I consider this to 
your c., neque ego hoc in tua laude 
pono, Cic.. to say anything to a person's 
c., in laudem alicujus dicere, Gell: to 
give any ome greater c. for eloquence, 
etc., eloquentiae alicui majorem tribuere 
laudem, etc., Cic.: to mention anybody's 
name to his c., quem honoris causa 
nomino (parenthetically), Cic. (but the 
expression is more respectful than the 
English). but tt was not to your c. so to 
act, at tu indignus qui faceres (ea), Ter. 
II]. In a commercial sense: fides : 

to do away with c. (by means of the 
Licinian rogation), f. abrogare, Liv.: c. 
fails, f. concidit, aliquem deficit, Cic. - 
c. was more limited throughout Italy, f. 
tota Italia erat angustior, Caes.: c. had 
been banished from the forum, f. de foro 
sublata fuerat, Cic. to have c., fide stare, 
Liv.. money borrowed on his own or has 
friends’ c., pecunia sua aut amicorum f. 
sumpta mutua, Sall. Phr.. to place a 
balance to a person’s c., reliqua rescrib- 
ere, Cic. Att. 16,2 whatever your father 
owes me I will order to be put down to 
your c,, quidquid mihi pater tuus de- 
buit, acceptum tibi fieri jubebo, Plin. 
Ep. 2, 4, 2. to buy on c., *pecunia haud 
praesenti emere. cf. Pl. Men. 5, 9, 97 
or perh. better, fide sua emere, cf. supr 
(in diem emere is to buy with an agree- 
ment to pay at a certain date: Nep. 
Att. 9,5 comicé, to buy on c. and sell 
or cash, coec& die emere oculatfi vend- 
ere, Plaut). 

credit (v.): |. To believe: crédo; 
fidem habeo, adjungo: v. TO BELIEVE. 

{|. Zo enter upon the c. sude of an 

account; alicui acceptum referre, Cio. 
ef. crepit, subs. (111. jin.). 

creditable: hoOnestus Vv HONOUR- 
ABLE. Or expr. by dat. of laus, honor 
as, this is c. to you, hoc tibi laudi est, 
ete.. L. G. § 297. 

creditabiy ; (satis) hinesté: v. Hos- 
OURABLY. Phr.. you have not acted 
c., non dignum te fecisti, Ter.: to come 
off c., *satis cum laude discedere: v. 
LAUDABLY. 

creditor: créditor: to defraud one’s 
cs: c. fraudare, Liv.- Gai: to satisfy 
one’s c.s, creditoribus satisfacere, Suet. 
A female c., créditrix, icis: Paul. Dig. 

credulity : 1, crédiilitas (not in 
Cic.- v. wfr. 2): c. ts more an error 
than a fault, c. error est magis quam 
culpa, Plane, ap. Cic.. easy ¢., facilis c., 
Tac. 9Q, téméritas: more fully, teme- 
ritas in assentiendo, Cic. Div. 1, 4, 7 
(where a later author would certainly 
have used credulitas). Caes. also uses 
temeritas: “temeritas.. ut levem audi- 
tionem habeat pro re comperta,” B. G. 7, 
42. 3, facilitas in credendo: cf. Cic. 
QE Fart. 4, Cic. uses the foll. 
circum. : «Fanon vitium ] ne incognita 
pro cognitis habeamus hisque temere 
assentiamur,” Off. 1, 6, 18. 

credulous: _ 1. crédiilus: tmpro- 
vident and c. old men, improvidi et 
senes, Cic.: love is a c. thing, Cc. Tes 
9, By circumL: 
qui temere assentitur, incognita pro 
cognitis habet: v. preced. art. jin. ; 

credulously : |, expr. by adj. 
(L. G. § 343): we ¢. think, *creduli put- 
amus, etc.; do not c. form distant ex- 
pectations, ne credulus spem inchoaveris 
longam: cf. Hor Od. 1, 11, jin. 3. 
téméré (implying haste and inconsidere 
ateness in coming to a conclusion). V. 
CREDULITY (fin.). 

creek: sinus parvus atque in terram 
revectus: cf. Tac. Ag. 23; aestuarum: 
Caes.. Tac.: ¥. ESTUARY. 

creep: |. To move with the belly 
on the ground : 1, serpo, si, tum, 3: 


| (esp. of serpents): the snake c.s over the 


ground, anguis s. per humum, Ov Cic. 

9. répo, psi, ptum, 3 (v. TO CRAWL): 

@ dormouse had crept into a chest of 

corn, nitedula repserat in cumeram frue 

menti, Hor.. Salk Frequent. = I> 
I 


CREEPER 


CRIMINAL 


CRIPPLED 








Plin. Hence, arrépo, to c. towards (with 
ad, or in later authors, dat.); perrépo, 
to c. through; dérépo, to c. down, irrepo, 
to c. into (with in and acc., or dat.), 
prorepo, to c. forth: some of which, 
with obrépo, are olten used in fig. sense, 
to steal imperceptibly tvwards, over, 
etc.: v. infr. (IV.). ], Fig.: of 
plants; to trail along: 1. serpo, 3: 
toc. along the ground, humi s., also in 
terra or terram, per terram s., Plin.: 
Cic. 9. repo, 3. with same constr.: 
Plin. (less freq. repto, id.). II. Also 
fig.: of whatever moves sluggishly : 
repo: we c. (lazily) along three miles, 
millia tria repimus, Hor.: of sluggish 
water, pigro lapsu r., Col. (Not serpo 
in this sense which, as referred to 
stars, rivers, etc, points to their gra- 
dual, serpent-like course, not to slow- 
ness of motion.) IV, Also  fig.- 
to come on unpe ceived : obrepo, insinuo 
(with pron. refl.): v. TO STEAL UPON 
or over. Phr.. to c. into any one’s 
acquaintance (‘creep up a _ person's 
sleeve’), se alicujus in familiaritatem 
insinuare, Cic.: *assentatorie alicujus 
gratiam, favurem captare, aucupart. 

creeper: rare, except in sense of 
creeping plant : herba quae serpil, repit 
(the latter more applicable to small 
plants) humi, per terram: or more 
fully, quae jacet atque humi serpit, 
Plin. 27, 11, 74. see verb (II.) cf. 
herba caduca, quae natura ad terram 
fertur, Cic. de Sen. 15, 52: if the plant 
at the same time climbs, quae se clavi- 
culis suis humo erigit, attollit, etc.: v. 
Cic. l. c. or quae reptantibus flagellis 
scandit, etc.: Plin. 19. 5, 24 (who ap- 
plies the expr. to the gourd). 

creeping (subs.): reptatio, reptatus 
(rare). usu. better expr. with verb 
(qv). ‘ 

creepingly: serpendo, répendo  v. 
L. G. § 541 

crepitate (rare). crépito, 1: Vv. 
CRACKLE, RATTLE. 

crepuscule (rare): crépuscilum, v. 
TWILIGHT. 

erepuscular (rare): sublustris, e- 
Vv. TWILIGHT. 

crescent: ]. Of the moon~ luna 
crescens, Col. : aiso }. cava, Plin.. 1. bi- 
cornis, Hor. |]. Anything in the 
shape of the c. moon: 1, lina 
Juv.: Isid. Orig. 19, 34, 4- 9, lanila 
(dimin. of preced.) : Isid.: ‘Tert. i. 
The Turkish standard: *luntla (the 
most suitable word). Often used by 
meton.: as, the Crescent shall yield to 
the Cross, *cruci cedet lunula illa lur- 
carum: or without figure, *Turcarum 
imperium; res Mahumetana, &e. 

crescent-shaped: lunatus = the c.- 
shaped, shields of the Amazons, l. peltae 
Amazonidum, Virg.: c. horns, |. cornua, 
Plin. 

cress; nasturtium. Plin. Common 
garden c., *lepidium sativum (Linn.). 

cresset; ignis; fax, facis. v. BEA- 
CON, LAMP. 

crest (subs.): |, Of animals: Le 
crista: of a cock, c. galli, Juv.. of sev- 
pents, draconum, Plin. Dimin. cristiila, 
Col. Q. jtiba: of the cock, Col.; of 
serpents, Virg. [J]. Of a helmet 
crista, jiiba: v. PLUME. 

crest (v.): rare except in p. part.: 
v. foll. art. Phr.: the breeze c.s the 
waves with foam, *summos fluctus 
spuma praetexit aura. 

crested: 1, cristatus: the c. bird, 
i.e. the cock, ¢. ales, avis, Ov.: Mart.: 
c. serpents, c. dracones, Plin.: c. helmets, 
c. galeae, Liv. 2, jiibatus (less freq.) : 
Liv. ! 

crest-fallen: 1, démissus (prob. 
the nearest word: but less precise and 
vivid than the Eng.): sve you one (can- 
didate) downcast, c., videsne tu illum 
tristem, demissum? Cic. Mur. 21, 45. 
Join: demissus, moerens, Cic. cf. 
Phaedr. 1, 3, 10. (But Cic. uses demis- 
sus absolutely in good sense = modest, 
unassuming.) 2. Expr. by jaceo: 
but our friend Cnaeus ! how utterly c. 
he is/ C. autem noster, quam totus 

170 











jacet! Cic. Att. 7, 21: Liv. 3, In- 
audax (?): Hor. Od. 3, 20, 3 (only there), 
(N.B. Animo fracto, abjecto, demisso are 
given by R. and A., but they mean 
rather mean-spirited, craven.) 

cretic (subs.): the foot ~ ~ ~, pes 
créticus: Diom. 

cretin: (homo) guttirdsus: Ulp. 
Dig. 

crevice; Tima, rimila: v. CHINK, 
CRANNY.- J 

crew: |. A collection of persons 
(gen. ina bad sense): 1, grex, grégis, 
m.: with a polluted c. of men, contami- 
nato cum grege virorum, Hor. a ce. of 
slaves, g. venalium, Pl: enrol him in 
your c., scribe tui gregis bunc, Her 

9. globus, manus. V BAND. I. 

A ship's crew: j, nautae (there ap- 
pears to be no collective word): the 
whole of a crew are comprised in the foll. 
“remiges .. nautas, gubernatores Com- 
parari jubet,” Caes. B. G. 3,9: the ship 
perished with all her c., *navis periit, 
ona cum nautis: the ships and their 
crews were destroyed by fire, *Naves nau- 
tasque {psos idem consumpsit ignis. 2. 
sécii navales (a term often applied to 
marines): a fleet well off for c.s, badly 
jor fighting men, sociis n. instructa 
classis, inops milite, Liv. 3. clas- 
sici: Curt. 4, rémiges, rémigium: 
i. e. the rowers: q. v.  (Classiarii is 
esp. used of soldiers fighting on shup- 
board: Nep.: Tac.) 

crib (subs.): |. A manger: 1. 
praesépe, is, m. or praesepes, is, f.: 
Cato: Varr. Q, biubile, is, 7.: an ox- 
stall: Cato Col. II. 4 child’s sleep- 
ing bed: lectilus: Vv. BED. 

cribble: cribrum: v SIEVE. 

crick (a kind of sprain): Phr.: to 
have got ac. in the back, *spinam corpo- 
ris luxatam habere~ v,. SPRAIN, STRAIN. 

cricket: |. The insect: gryllus, 
Plin. Tree-c., cicada, Virg.: Plin. jj. 
The game: pila (gen. term for all games 
with ball: or perh. to play at c. may be 
expr., pila clavaque ludere). 

crier: praeco, Onis, m. (the most gen. 
term): employed at sales, Hor.: in 
courts of justice, Cic.. Vv. HERALD. The 
office of @ c., praeconius quaestus or 
praeconium, Cic.: hence, to be a c., prae- 
conium facere, Cic. (Net pronunciator. 
which is @ reciter.) 

crime: _ 1, facinus. iris, n. (a bold, 
daring deed): to commit a c., f. com- 
mittere, in se admittere, Cic. 0). 
scélus, éris, n. (gross wickedness of any 
kind): @ detestable c., s. detestabile, 
Cic.. to commit an abominable c., s. 
nefarium facere, Cic.: to perpetrate a 
c., 8. patrare, Sall.: to attempt a c., s. 
moliri, Cic.: Hor.. Liv. 8. maléfic- 
ium (any evil or crimimal deed): 
consciousness of c.s, conscientia ma- 
leficiorum, Cic.: to commit a c., m. 
committere or admittere, Cic. 
culpa, délictum; both milder than the 
Eng. v FAULT. 5, fraus, fraudis, 7. 
(usu an act of dishonesty, q. v.; but 
also used in gen. sense, perh. archaicé) 
to commit a capital c., f. capitalem ad- 
mittere, Cic.: an inexpiable c., f. inex- 
piabilis, id. Join: scelus ac fraus, 
id. 6. flagitium: i.e. a shameful 
deed: as adultery: cf. Tac. Ger. 12. 
(N B. Not crimen, except in poet.: the 
meaning of which is @ criminal charge.) 
Phr.: to commit many abominable c.s, 
multa nefarie committere, Cic.: the e.s 
which you have committed, quae tu com- 
misisti, in te admisisti: v. TO COMMIT. 

criminal (adj.): |. In moral 
sense: contrary to human or divine 
law: neéfarius, scélestus, facinédrdsus: v. 
GUILTY, WICKED. I]. Technically ; 
belonging to criminal procedure: Phr.. 
a c. charge, crimen, accusatio to accuse 
any one on ac. charge, aliquem arguere 
crimine aliquo, Cic. v. TO ACCUSE, ACCU- 
saTion. (Criminalis in purely legal 
writing. “non solum in criminali 
causa sed etiam in pecuniaria,” Imp. 
Cod. ap. Fore) dc. trial, judicium 
puniendi maleficii causa, as opp. to j. 
distrahendae controversiae causa, Cic. 











Caec. 2, 6: fo commence c. proceedings 
against any one, aliquem reum facere, in 
reos referre- v. ACCUSE. (a treatise) on 
c. law, *de jure publico, R. and A. (but 
the expression is too generai: better 
#de eo jure quod in malefictis puniendis 
versatur: or in technical writing, de jure 
criminali). Il. In special phr. c, 
conversation, Adultérium: v. ADULTERY, 

criminal (svls.): sons (esp. in pl.), 
homo nocens, noxius: v. GuItTy. (N.B, 
Not reus, which is an accused person 
only. A 

criminality; improbitas: Cic.: v. 
WICKEDNESS. Or by circuml. as, there 
can. be no doubt of the c. of such con- 
duct, *dubitari non potest quin haec 
contra leges facta sint, digna sint quae 
supplicio constringantur, etc.. V. GUILT. 

criminally: — |, Wickedly: néfa- 
rié, improbe, impié: v. GUILTILY. WICK- 
EDLY. — fj, In legal sense. criminaliter 
(only in legal writing): to proceed c., 
i. e. according to the practice of the cri- 
minal law, c. agere, Ulp. Usu. better 
expr. by circuml.. as, reum tacere ali- 
quem, *maleficii judicem petere, postu- 
lare, cf. Cic. Caec. 2; *maleficii puniendi 
causa aliquem arcessere. V. TO ACCUSE. 

criminate: |. 7» accuse: crimi- 
nor, 1° often to accuse wrongfully: 
Cic.: Suet. Il. To wmplheate: Phr,: 
there was nothing to c. Caesar. *nihil 
erat quod C. suspectum redderet ; quod 
C. ut sceleris participem convinceret ; to 
say something calculated to c. oneself, 
*ea dicere quae sui criminandi speciem 
praebeant. 

crimination ; criminatio, Cie: v, 
ACCUSATION. 

criminatory: 1, criminosus ( full 
of charges, crvminations): Cic. Hor. 

2. acciisdtorius: strictly, with re- 

ference to public accusutions: Cic.: 
Quint. 

crimp (adj.): crispus: v CRISP. 

crimp (subs.): i.e. one who dis- 
honestly decoys men; esp. soldiers and 
sailors, *homo nequam qui homines 
allicit atque fraudatur ; qui imprudentes 
circumvenit fraudandi causa. 

crimson: 1, coccineus. also coc- 
cinus: Petr.: Mart.: Plin. As subs. 
coccum: i. e. prop. the dye itself: or 
more precisely, color coccineus. 
sanguineus: Plin. v. BLOOD-RED. 

cringe: i.e. to behave servilely: 1, 
démitto, misi, missum, 3 (esp. with 
pron. refl, or as pass.): more fully, in 
adulationem, ad servilem patientiam 
demitti, Tac. 2, submitto (same 
constr. as preced.). Cic.: Tae.; v. TO 
CONDESCEND. (N.B. Neither of the 
above are by themselves so forcible as 
the Eng.) 8. adulor, 1 (with dat. or 
acc.: i.e. to fawn upon, as a dog): v. 
TO FLATTER. 4, More exactly, sese 
ad pedes alicujus abjectissime projicere 5 
cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 26: if entreaty is im- 
plied, infimis precibus petere ab aliquo, 
Liv. 8, 2, med. 

cringing (adj.): abjectus, projectus, 
démissus: Vv. ABJECT, MEAN. 

cringingly ; abjecié, démissé: or 
expr. with part.: to beg c. of any one, 
alicujus ad pedes projectum petere: v, 
TO CRINGE. 

cripple (subs.): expr. by adj., 
with abl. of part affected: as (homo) 
claudus altero pede, Nep. v. CRIPPLED 

cripple (v.): |, Lit.: to deprive 
of the use of limbs: aliquem claudum 
pedibus, cruribus facere, reddere: v. 
preced. art 3 and TO DISABLE, LAME. In 
this sense chiefly as p. part.: v. foll. 
art. Il. To weaken, tmpair: e 
débilito, 1: v. TOENFEEBLE. Q, frango, 
frégi, fractum, 3~ thut effemrnate bring- 
ing up c.s all the sinews both of mind 
and body, mollis illa educatio nervos 
omnes et mentis et corporis f., Quint. - 
Cic. 8, infringo,3; v.TOIMPAR. 4, 
accido, di, sum, 3 (lit. to cut partially, 
hack: hence esp. of military force, to 
break the strength of a nation: chiefly 
used in p. part.) + although their strength 
was c.d, etsi res accisae sint, Liv, : Cie. 

crippled (p. andadj.): f, Lite 


ee ee 


CRISIS 


disabled in the limbs: 1, claudus: 
Vv. LAME. 9, débilis, e (often with 
abl. of part affected): one c. in the loins, 
another in the hip, hic lumbis, hic coxa d., 
Juv.: also in agreement with the subs. : 
c. limbs, membra debilia, Sen. = 
mancus (disabled in the fands): v. DIs- 
ABLED. Join: mancus et membris 
omnibus captus ac debilis, Cic. Il. 
Fig.: weakened, impaired : 1, man- 
cus: his praetorship would be c. if Milo 
were consul, m. ac debilem praeturam 
suam futuram consule M., Cic. Mil. 9, 
25: of Fortune, i. e. powerless to harm, 
Fortuna m., Hor. S. 2, 7, 88. 2. 
claudus: c. ships, c. naves, Liv.: Ov.: 
Vv. HALTING, LAME. 3. accisus: see 
verb (II, 4). 

crisis: |, In gen. sense: a critical 
point of affairs: 1, discrimen, inis, 
n.: he observed that the final c. of the 
war was at hand, adesse d. ultimum 
belli animadvertit, Liv.: to come toac., 
in extremum d. adduci, venire, devenire, 
Cic.: at such ac., in tantod., Liv. 2, 
tempus, ris, .: at such ac., in tali t., 
Cic.; Lucr.: in doubtful and alarming 
crises, in dubiis formidolosisque t., Cic. 
Phr.: the greatest c.s are decided by very 
insignificant things, minimis momentis 
maximae temporum inclinationes fiunt, 
Cic. Phil. 5, 10. Il. Specially, of a 
disease : 1. crisis, is, f. (xptocs, 
Hipp.): Sen. Ep. 83. 2, _ dies crisimus 
(iepa Kpiowjos): Coel. Aur. 3, cri- 
tica morbi accessio, Aug. 

crisp (adj.) - |. Curled: crispus, 
subcrispus: v. CURLY. Il. Brittle: 
fragilis, e (not crispus in this sense): v. 
BRITTLE. 

crisp (0.): |. To curl: crispo, 1: 
Plin. {r To make crisp (v. adj. 11.): 
*“fragilem levemque reddo, facio (?). 

crispness: *fragilitas una cum 


levitate. 
criterion: 1. signum, insigne: 
V. SIGN. Q, nota (v. MARK): to guess 


from certain criteria, certis quibusdam 
n. augurari, Plin. Ep. 3, _ indicium: 
V. INDICATION. 4, obrussa (properly 
the testing or assayirg of gold): reason 
is to be applied as a c., adhibenda tan- 
quam obrussa ratio, Cic.: simly, ad ob- 
russam exigere, Sen. §, When joined 
with verb ¢o be, expr. by indico, déclaro, 
etc.: as, their teeth are the c. of the age 
(of stags), dentibus declaratur senecta, 
Plin. : simly, aetas veterinorum indi- 
catur dentibus, id.: v. POINT OUT, INDI- 
CATE, 

critic: 1, existimator: one ca- 
pable of forming an opinion, a con- 
noisseur (q. v.): @ well-informed and 
judicious c., ex. doctus et intelligens, 
Cic.  Q, judex, icis (a judge of any 
kind): an acute, able c. of the ancients, 
subtilis veterum j. et callidus, Hor. 3, 
criticus (Gr. xputixos): as the c.s will 
have it, ut critici dicunt, Hor.: Cic. 
Fam. g, to, med. 4, censor (fig.: by 
analogy with the political office: hence 
implying authoritative criticism), an 
honest c., c. honestus, Hor. A. P. 174: v. 
censor. Join: aequissimus aestimator 
et judex, Cic.: censor castigatorque, Hor. 
Phr.: @ severe c., Aristarchus, Hor.: 
Varr.: to be a fine c. exquisito judicio 
literarum uti, Cic.: thec.s, literati, Suet. 
(these were professional grammarians 
and critics; also called grammatici): 
existimantes (in gen. sense), Cic. 

critical: |. Relating to criticism: 
criticus, M. L. passim. (But in clas- 
sical Lat. the wora is either a subs., = a 
critic, or is used in sense III.) ll. 
Possessing skill to criticise: 1, élég- 
ans, ntis: a person of most refined c. 
judgment, homo in omni judicio eleg- 
antissimus, Cic.. a c. judge of beauty, 
e. formae judex, Ter. 2, intelligens, 
ntis (implying judiciousness, whereas 
elegans denotes refinement, nicety): a 
c. judgment, int. judicium, Cic. 3: 
accuratus : V.CAREFUL, ACCURATE. 4, 
fastididsus: i. e. exceedingly nice, fasti- 
dious: q. V. p 2. ears, teretes 
aures, Cic.; aures delicatae, Quint. (over- 
much so): some c¢. discernment, aliqua 





CROAK 








sollertia judicandi; intelligentia, Cic. ! for crociebat) ; Apul. 


Opt. Gen. Or. 4: an over c. ear, tas- 
tidium audiendi, ib : the critical, ex- 
istimantes, id. Ill. Belonging to a 
crisis: (a). in medical lang. criticus, 
crisimus: Vv. CRISIS. (6). in common 
phlras. : 1, dabius: c. times, d. tem- 
pora, Cic.: in c. circumstances, dubiis 
rebus, Liv.: v. DOUBTFUL. 2. anceps, 
cipitis (chiefly in later writers); the 
commonwealth is in a c. state, in an- 
cipiti est respublica, Tac.: Nep. 3. 
When joined with occasion, time, posi- 
tion; expr. by discrimen or tempus: 
as, in such a c. position, in tanto dis- 
crimine (rerum); in tali tempore: v. 
crisis. Phr.: to be in ac. position, in 
angusto esse, Curt. ; in lubrico (slippery, 
and so perilous) versari, Cic. Join: 
lubricus atque incertus, id.; in prae- 
cipiti et lubrico stare, Curt.; seeing 
himself in a most c. position, ubi intel- 
ligit omnes fortunas suas in extremo 
sitas, Sall.: @ c. point, cardo rerum, 
Virg.: simly Quint.: quae res totam 
rem continet (based on Cic.); unde om- 
nia pendent: Vv. DEPEND. 
critically : |. In a critical man- 
ner: 1, littératé (after the manner 
of a literary man): c. acquainted with 
the ancient author's, scriptorum veterum 
l. peritus, Cic. 2. accuraté: i. e. 
carefully, with caref?'| study: Cic. 3, 
exquisité (i.e. with careful enquiry and 
study): Cic. Join: accurate et ex- 
quisite, Cic. Phr.: to annotate an 
author c., *scriptori annotationes cri- 
ticas addere: to correct c., *libram ad 
criticam rationem emendare, corrigere : 
to judge very c. (skilfully and nicely), 
*summa judicandi sollertia uti; judi- 
cium elegantissimum adhibere: v. CRI- 
TicaL (LL.). Il. Perilo.sly: Phr.: 
very c. for the commonwealth, summo 
reipublicae tempore, Cic.; in tanto reip, 
discrimine, etc.: v, CRITICAL (III.). 
criticism: |. he art or practice: 
1, jadicium: to employ c. severely, 
j. severe uti, Quint.: enumerated in a 
fragment of Varr. ap. Diom. as one of 
the four parts of grammatica: “lectio, 
emendatio, enarratio, judicinm.” 2. 
*ars critica or critice, és (y xpuTuKy): 
M. L.: or as contained in theory and 
principles, critica ratio, Wolf. 3: 
Less technically, expr. by judico, ex- 
istimo: as, skill im c., judicandi sol- 
lertia, Cic.: the verdict of c., *existi- 
mantium judicium (of the critics): v. 
CRITICAL (1.). I]. A written or ex- 
pressed opinion : 1, jadicium : Cic. 
2. censtra: Gell. Join: judicium 
censuramque facere, Gell. 3, repré- 
hensio (an unfavourable c.): Gell. 
criticise: |. In strict sense: to 
pass a critical judgment on: 1. ji- 
dico, 1 (i.e. to pass an opinion: foll. by 
de and abl., or acc, of neut. pron.: or 
absol.): skill in c.ing, sollertia judi- 
candi, Cic.: Gell. 2. percenseo, ui, 
2 (fully and carefully to review): toc. 
a speech cleverly and subtly, orationem 
acri subtilique ingenio et judicio p., 
Gell. 7, 3, ad init. 3, judicium cen- 
suramque [de alicujus scripte] facere, 
i. e. to enter into a detailed criticism of : 
Gell. 12,2. 4, examino, 1: to c. faults 
of style, vitia loquendi ex., Quint. : v. TO 
EXAMINE. {|. In bad sense ; to find 
Fault with : 1, repréhendo, di, sum, 
3: even in him (Demosthenes) Aeschines 
Jinds something to c. and censure, in hoc 
ipso r. Aeschines quaedam et exagitat, 
Cic.: Gell. 2, culpo, vitupéro (stronger 
than the two preceding): v. TO BLAME. 
3. imprdbo, 1: Vv. TO DISAPPROVE. 
4, castigo, 1: Vv. TO CORRECT. 
Phr.: Lucilius c.s this in Ennius, hoc 
vitio dat Lucilius Ennio, Gell.: t0 c. 
severely, corripere (of conduct): v. UP- 
BRAID, CENSURE 
critique; censira: M. L. (cf. cri- 
TIcIsE, I. 3). 
croak (v.): |. As frogs: 1, 
cdaxo, 1: Suet. 2. cano, cécini, 
cantum, 3: Plin.: c. veterem querelam, 
Virg. G. 1, 378. |]. As ravens : 3 
crécio, 4: Pl. (who has imper/. crocibat 








CROOKEDNESS 





2. croécito, 1* 
Auct. Carm. Phil 8, occino, ui, 3 
(esp. of an tll-omened cry of birds): Liv. 

4, récino, ui, 3 (in sim. sense): Hor. 

Il. Fig-: to grumbk, predict evil 
things: quéritor, 1 (frequent. of queror) 
Vv. TOCOMPLAIN : semper mala yaticinuri, 


ominari: V. FOREBODE. 

croak, croaking (subs.): |, Of 
Frogs: ], clamor (any noise or cry): 
to set up a c., c. tollere, Phaedr. 2, 
cantus, Us (gen, term): Plin. = 


quéréla (poet.: prop. a complaint): 
Virg. 4, dldlfgon, dnis (cAcAvywv): 
see Plin. 11, 37, 65; who in the same 
passages uses the term ululatus of the 
same. |]. Ot ravens : 1, crdcitus, 
is (of doubtful authority, but agreeable 
to analogy): Non.: see verb. Mi 
cantus, vox (gen. terms): Vv. NOTE, 
VOICE, WW. Fig.: of querulousness, 
evil-foreboding, elc.: perh. quéréla, 
quérimonia: v. COMPLAINT: or by cir- 
cuml.,, malorum vaticinationes, auguria : 
V PREDICTION. 

croaker: qui abjecta spe animum 
despondet ; qui omnia pessima omina- 
tur: Vv. TO DESPOND, FOREBODE. 

crock; aula or olla: v. por. 

crockery: vasa fictilia, or simply 
fictilia, ium: V. EARTHENWARE, 

crocodile: |. The animal: crd- 
cédilus,i: Plin. Phr.: c.’s tears, *cro- 
codilorum quae dicuntur lacrimae;: or 
simply lacrimae fictae (which does not, 
however, fully express the idea). Ik 
A sophistical argument: crocddilina: 
Quint. 

crocus: crocus or crécum: Virg.: 
Plin.: v. SAFFRON. 

croft; septum: v. ENCLOSURE. 

crone; anus, anicila; vétiia: vy. 
OLD- WOMAN. 

crony ; amicus familiaris: v. FRIEND. 
Phr.: old c.s, vetuli notique columbi, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3- 

crook (subs.): ]. 4 bend: flexus, 
curvamen: Vv, BEND, CURVE. ll. 4 
hook: uncus: v. HOOK. Phr.: by hook 
or by c., quocunque modo, as opp. to 


recte, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 65. II]. 4 shep- 
herd's c., pedum: Virg. 
crook (v.): curvo, flecto: v. To 


CURVE, BEND. 


crook-backed: 1, gibber, éra, 


érum: Suet.: Plin.: Varr. 2, pandus 
i. e. bent, bowed: Quint. 
crooked (adj.): 1, pravus: (there 


is a difference) between the straight ana 
thec., inter rectum et pravum, Cic.: @ c 
rule (carpenter’s), p. regula, Lucil.: 
Hor. (Hsp. of that which has been put 
out of its proper shape: also in moral 
sense: Vv. DEPRAVED, WICKED.) N.B. 
The words curvus, incurvus, pandus, 
aduncus, lunatus, falcatus, though some- 
times rendered crooked, do not strivttly 
correspond with the Eng.: see CURVED, 
BENT, HOOKED, WINDING. Phr.: @ 
wean, c. man, homo macer et dus, 
Quint.: c. legs, distorta crura, Hor.: @ 
c. or winding road, flexuosum iter, Cic.: 
c. (strictly grown apart) arms, vara 
brachia, Mart.: Hor.: a person with c. 
legs, varus (bandy), valgus, vatius (bow- 
legged) : V. DEFORMED. Il. In moral 
sense : 1, pravus (more freq. in this 
sense than the former): equally unprin- 
cipled whether for honourable or for c. 
counsels, ad honesta seu prava juxta 


levis, T'ac.. Vv. EVIL, DEPRAVED. aU 
déldsus: Vv, CRAFTY, CUNNING. a 
crookedly: J. Lit: 1. prave: 


Vv. CROOKED; and comp. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 
104: prave sectus unguis, an unevenly- 
pared nail: v. WRONGLY. 2. torté: 
Lucr. (Intortius, Plin. 16, 16, 27, means 
in a more complicated manner.) Ul. 
In moral sense: pravé, minus recté, 
etc. : V. WRONGLY. 

crookedness: |. Lit.: pravitas: 
crescent-shaped horns without c. in thetr 
curve, cornua sine curvaturae pravitate 
lunata, Pall.. Col. (More freq. in gene- 


ral sense, deformity, «rongness.) N.B. 
Not curvitas or aduncitas: the former 
of which is curved,ess, the latter @ 
hooked shape: both very rare. H. In 


Lien | 


CROP 


CARRY OVER 


CROSS-WISE 


eT 


moral sense: pravitas (wrongness in 
general), ddlus, fraus: v. DISHONESTY, 
DECEIT. 

crop: |. The produce of fields: 1, 
ségés, Stis, f. (standing corn or other 
crops): to have c.s on the hills and in 
the plains, segetes collibus et campis 
habere, Lucr.: ac. of spelt ripe for the 
harvest, s. farris matura messi, Liv.: a 
3. of flax and oats, s. lini et avenae, 
Virg.: @ c. of peas, s. leguminum, Col. 
Fig.: the shield-bearing c. of men 
(sprung from the dragon’s teeth), s. 
clipeata virorum, Ov.: a c. ef crimes, 
s. scelerum, Prud. 9. friges, um, f. 
(general term for field-produce, while 
fructus refers esp. to the produce of 
trees): to plant c.s, trees, fruges, arbores 
serere, Cic.: v. FRUITS, PRODUCE. 3. 
sata, orum (only in pl., and signifying 
whatever is sown : poet.): joyous (abun- 
dant) c.s,laetas., Virg. 4, messis, is, 
f.: V. HARVEST. 5, proventus, us 
(i. e. the produce or yield of corn, etc.) : 
a triple c. (of figs), trifer p., Plin.: an 
abundant c. of grapes, uber vinearum 
(strictly of the vineyards) proventus, 
Suet. Fig.: a c. of poets, p. poetarum, 
Plin. Ep.: a c. of great men, clarorum 
virorum p., Just. ‘he same sense may 
be expr. by the verb: as, to yield a 
better c., melius provenire, Col.: the c.s 
are more abundant, segetes melius pro- 
veniunt, id. 6, annus (the year’s 
produce: rare): to wait for a c., ex- 
spectare annum, ‘Tac.: the Pharian 
(4gyptian) c., Pharius a., Stat. (a harsh 
expression). Phr.: @ soil which bears 
very abundant c.s, quae plurimum effi- 
cit, Cic. (v. YIELD): here grapes yield a 
more abundant c., hic melius veniunt 
(in prose proveniunt) uvae, Virg. II. 
The, first stomach of a bird: ingliivies, 
Gi: he fills his c. with frogs, implet in. 
ranis, Virg.: Col. (also called sinus 
gutturis, Plin.: v. Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v. 
ingluvies). 

crop (v.): |. Zo nibble as goats, 
etc.: carpo, tondeo, attondeo: v. To 
BROWSE. I]. Zo lop off: 1, méto, 
messui, messum, 3: fo c. the tops of 
lilies with a stick, virga lilia summa m., 
Ov.: v. TO MOW. 9. tondeo, totondi, 
tonsum, 2 (prop. fo shear): a e.’d skin, 
i. e. head, tonsa cutis, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 
7 (see Orelli ad l.): fo c. the head close, 
caput ad cutem t., Cels.: v. SHAVE. 

8, curto, 1 (chiefly used in p. 

part.: to cut short): with my hair c.d 
by an awkward barber, curtatus inae- 
quali tonsore capillos, Hor, Simly, the 
comp. décurto: Vv. MUTILATE. 4, ab- 
scido, praecido, récido: i. e. to cut off: 
q. Vv. II]. Zo take a crop off (land) : 
Phr.: lands, valleys, that have been 
c.’d, tonsae novales, valles, Virg : lands 
ought not to be c.’d too often, *ne saepius 
quam decet segetes arvis imperato. 

— out (a geol. term): €mergo: v. 
EMERGE. 

crop-eared: cui aures abseisae sunt 
(v. CUT OFF): or perh. simply curtus, 
which is uscd of persons or animals in 
any way mutilated: Hor. 

erop-full (adj.): satur (rare of ani- 
mals: Col); ingluviem plenam habens 
(of birds): v. crop (II.). 

crop-sick: i.e. full to satiety (a 
Tare word): *usque ad satietatem plenus 
cibi; epulis obrutus, Nep.: v. SATIATE, 

crosier: *lituus. 

cross (subs.): |. The instrument 
of punishment, which sometimes was @ 
single stake: crux, eriicis, f.: to fix to 
a@c., in cruce suffigere, Cic. (v. cRUCIFY): 
to hang on ac., in cruce pendere, Plin. : 
to set up a c. for any one, alicui c. sta- 
tuere,Suet. |]. The shape or figure so 
called : 1, décussis, is: the figure X: 
Vitr.: Plin. 9. quincunx, ncis, m.: 
esp. in phr. in quincuncem, cross-wise, 
as the points were arranged for five 
unciae 2+: V.CROSS-WISE. 3, literae 
X forma: to make an incision in the 
form of ac., incidere ad similitudinem, 
ad figuram literae X, Cels.(Q.) Phr.: 
to divide after the manner of a c., de- 
cusso, 1: Cic. N.B. Crux is not used in 

192 


this sense in classical writers, as the 
shape of the cross varied in ancient 
times (v. sup. I.), but it would perhaps 
be pedantic to avoid such a use of the 
word now: thus we might say, a build- 
ing which forms a c., *aedificium crucis 
formam habens, referens: to sign a do- 
cument with a c., *tabulas crucis forma 
subscribere. [I]. ‘The Christian sym- 
bol: crux: Vulg. Often used by meton. 
for the Christian faith : as, the misston- 
ary of the c., *fidei Christianae nuntius: 
but in this sense perh. crux may be 
sometimes used: cf. Vulg. I Cor. 1, 17, 
18. IV. Any trouble or suffering: 
i}: tcrux: cf, Lers Phorigia, 1: 
“quaere in malo crucem,” i. e. in malo 
aliud malum, Don.: Pl.: the life of a 
good monk is itself a c., vita boni 
monachi ¢. est, a Kempis. 2, médlestia, 
criciatus, mala atque incommoda pro 
Christo perpessa: Vv. AFFLICTION. V. 
In breeding animals: mixtum s. con- 
fusum genus: cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195: see 
also HYBRID. 
cross (adj.): |. Placed across: 
1, transversus: ¢. roads, t. viae, 
Cic.: c. beams, t. tigna, Caes. 2. 
transversarius: c. beams, t. tigna, or 
simply transversaria, Vitr. I]. Ad- 
verse, alternate, contrary: Phr.: c. 
circumstances, res adversae: V. ADVER- 
sity: c. challenging of jurymen, alterna 
judicum rejectio, Cic.: to be at c. pur- 
poses, inprudentes inter se adversari: v. 
ADVERSE, etc. |||, Z/l-tempered : diffic- 
ilis, &marus, morodsus: Vv. ILL-TEM- 
PERED, PEEVISH. Phr.: to be c. with 
oneself, secum stomachari, Cic.: v. 
VEXED (to be). 
cross(v.): A, Trans.: ff, To 
draw a line or lay a body across : ib 
décusso, 1 (in form of X): Cic. Dy 
cancello, 1 (to cover as with trellis- 
work): Col. Phr.: to c. the legs, pop- 
lites alternis genibus imponere, Plin. 28, 
6, 19: ||. Zo mix breeds: genus 
miscere: cf. Plin. 8, 53, 79: or perb. 
genus confundere, cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195. 
Il. Zo pass over : 1. transeo, ii, 
itum, 4, v7. (applicable to any mode of 
transit): to c. the Rhine, Rhenum tr., 
Caes.: to c. the forum, furum tr., Hor. : 
the Rhone is crossed in some places by a 
Jord, Rhodanus nonnullis locis vado 
transitur, Caes. 2. trajicio, jéci, 
jectum, 3 (strictly to throw across, and 
so foll. by two accusatives: see L. G. 
§ 246: in present sense used both with 
and without pron. refl.): if Antony has 
c.’d the Alps, si se Alpes Antonius tra- 
Jecerit, Cic.: to c. the Trebia on rafts, 
‘Trebiam ratibus tr., Liv.: to c. rivers 
by swimming, flomina nando tr., Suet. 
3. transcendo, di, sum, 3 (strictly 
of that which is elevated): to c. the 
Caucasus, Caucasum tr., Cic.: io c. val- 
leys, valles tr., Caes.: to c. the threshold, 
limen tr., Prop. 4, transgrédior, gres- 
sus, 3 (strictly to cross on foot): to c. 
the pomoerium, pomoerium tr., Cic.: to 
c. @ river (of cavalry), flume tr., Caes. 
5, transmitto, misi, missum, 3 (usu. 
of crossing water): cranes c. the seas, 
grues maria tr., Cic.: to c. the Iberus, 


Iberum tr., Liv. 6. siipéro, I: v. 
SURMOUNT. IV. Of the mind: to 
occur to: 1, stibeo, ii, itum, 4, ir. 


(usu. foll. by acc.) : the thought c.’d their 
mind, cogitatio animum subiit, Liv. : 
also without cogitatio or any similar 
word, Virg.: v. TO OCCUR TO. 2. in 
mentem venire (the thing which crosses 
the mind being sometimes the subject 
and sometimes put in the gen.: see L. G. 
§ 278, Obs. 5): Cic. 8. occurro, 3: 
Join: quodcunque in mentem veniat 
aut quodcunque occurrat, Cic. V. To 
thwart: adversor, répugno, rénitor, ete. : 
v.TO OPPOSE. Phr.: toc. any one’s in- 
terests. officere et obstare commodis ali- 
cujus, Uic.: toc. any one when he is out 
of temper, *subirato molestias offerre. 

B. Iutrans.: to pass over. v. 
foll. art. 


— over: Il, trajicio, 3 (v. To 





might c. over from Africa, ne qua clas~ 
sis ex Africa trajiceret, Liv. a 
transcendo, 3: to c. over into Italy, in 
Italiam tr., Liv. 3, transeo, 4, irr.: 
lest the Germans should c. over from 
their own territories into those of the 
Helvetii, ne Germani ex suis finibus in 
Helvetiorum fines transirent, Caes. : 
Sall. 4, transgrédior, 3: to c. over 
into Corsica, in Corsicam tr., Liv.: Tac. 
5, tansmitto, 3: from Corsica 

Cicereius c.’d over into Sardinia, ex 
Corsica C. in Sardiniam transmisit, Liv. : 
a hundred merchant ships c.’d over into 
Africa, centum onerariae naves in Afri- 
cam transmiserunt, Liv.: Cic. (N.B. 
For the difference between the above 
words, see TO cross, III.). 

cross-bar: répagilum (fer doors, 
gates, etc.): V. BAR. 

cross-beam: transtrum (prop. of 
the cross-benches in ships ; but also used 
in gen. sense): Vitr. Dimin. transtil- 
lum, @ small c. beam: see also CROSS 
(adj.). i 

cross-bill: @ bird: *loxia curvi< 
rostra. 


cross-bow: maniiballista, arciibal- 


lista: Veg. 2, 15, ad jin. 
rm cross-bowman : manuballistarius: 
eg. 
cross-breed: *mixtum genus: v. 
cross (V.). 
cross-examination: 1, interré- 
galio (see Quint. 5,7; where the sub- 
ject is treated): to press a c. too hard, 
nimium instare interrogationi, ib. § 16: 
a clever c., scitae interrogationes (used 
of the Socratic erotetics), ib.§28: a care- 
Jul c., circumspecta int.,ib. $31: ¢. by 
the opposite side, int. a patronis diversae 
partis habita, cf. ib. §10,11. Simly with 
verb: by @ c. which proceeds step by 
step, paullatim, pedetentim interro- 
gando, ib.§20. 2, percontatio: more 
fully, variae per. quales ab adversario 
a patrono] haberi possint, ib. $11. 
hr.: to be caught by an artful c., in 
laqueos [interrogationim] induci, ib. : 
there is need of the utmost art in c, 
summis artibus interrogantis opus est, 
ib. § 15. 
cross-examine: interrdgare; per- 
contationes habere ad fidem testium 
Minuendam, augendam : v. preced. art. 
cross-grained: only used in fig 
sense : importinus, difficilis: v. MOROSE, 
PEEVISH. 
crossing: |. The verbal subs. : 
transitus, transmissio, etc.: v. PASSAGE. 
I], A place where roads cross: 1, 
compitum (usu. in pl., and esp. with 
reference to the country): to sell by 
auction in c.s (town or country), in 
triviis aut in compitis auctionari, Cic.: 
Hor.: Virg. Hence adj. compitalis : 
esp. in phr., lares compitales (deities 
having charge of c. roads), Suet. 2. 
trivium (strictly of three roads: applied 
to public places in towns): a copper 
JSastened in a c., in triviis fixus as, Hor.: 
bred in ac. (i. e. in a public part of the 
town), triviis innatus, id. A. P. 245: 
Cie. 3. bivium (a place where two 
roads meet): to stop at a c., ad bivia 
consistere, Liv. 4. quadrivium (of 
Sour reads): Juv.: Cat. 
cross-legged : poplitibus alternis 
genibus impositis: Plin. 28, 6, 17. 
cross-purposes: in phr. to be atc., 
errore quodam contrario duci (R. and 
A.); *re parum intellecta inter se pug- 
nare; prave inter se intelligere. 
cross-question : V. CROSS-EXAMINE. 
cross-road: trames, itis, m. (opp. 
to a high-road) : Cie,: Sall. More fully, 
by ¢.s, transversis tramitibus, Liv. 2, 39. 
See also CROSSING. 
cross-wise (adv.): 1, décussatim: 
Vitr.: Col. (see cross, subs. I1.). Oe 
in quincuncem (i. e. as the points were 
set for the quincunx :-: ): rows of 
trees set c., directi in q. ordines, Cic. 
Simly quincunx is used to denote a c. 
arrangement: quid illo quincunce spe- 
closius? Quint. 8, 3,9. Phr.: to divide 


cross, Ill. 2): he c.’d over to the island, | c., décusssso,: Cic.: such a division or 
ad insulam trajecit, Liv.: that no jleet' arrangement, decussatio, Vitr.. lines 








aS a 
agi 


CROSSLY 





drawn c., in decusses dnctae lineae, 
Plin. (N.B. Not in crucis speciem: 
comp. cRkoss, subs. 11.). 

crossly; amaré, iracundé, etc.: v. 
PEEVISHLY. 

crossness: importinitas, Amaritido: 
¥. PEEVISHNESS, ILL-TEMPER. 

crotchet: |. In music: *quadrans 
{notae musicae], Kr. I]. A fancy: 

1, libido. v.carrice. Q, proli- 

bium (rare): v. FANCY. Ff 

crotchetty: i. e full of whims: 
(?)morosus: ef. Cic. Or. 29, fin., “ usque 
eo difficiles ac morosi sumus ut nobis 
non satisfaciat ipse Demosthenes :” *pu- 
tida.quadam morositate [homo]: i. e. 
of a temper so fault-finding as to be 
offensive : V. PEEVISH. 

crouch: |, 7o stoop low: 1, 
subsido, di, 3: the Spaniards c. down to 
protect themselves from the missiles dis- 
charged by the foe, s. Hispani adversus 
emissa ab hoste tela, Liv.. Virg. 2) 
démitto, submitto (with pron. refl.): 
v.TO sTOOP,coucH. ||, Zo bend ser- 
vilely : ad pedes alicujus abjicere sese, 
projicere ; jacere: v. CRINGE, COWER. 

croup: @ disease of the throat: 
*cynanche trachealis. 

crow (subs.): |. The bird: cornix, 
icis, J.: Cic.: Plin. Dimin., cornicila, 
Hor. Prov.: to pluck or pull a crow, 
i.e. to contend about a trifle, de lana 
caprina rixari, Hor. Il. A bar: 
vectis: v. LEVER. Ill. The vorce of 
the cock: cantus, is: the c.ing of the 
cock, galli cantus, Cic.: at cock-c, sub 
galli cantum, Hor. 

crow (v.): |. Lit.: of @ cock: 

1, ciictirio, 4: Auct. Car. Phil. 2, 

céno, cécini, cantum, 3 (gen. term: 
used of all birds): cocks are accustomed 
to c. when victorious, galli victores c. 
solent, Cic. 8. canto, 1: Cic. ll. 
Fig.: to boast: glorior, facto (usu. with 
pron. refl.), etc.. V. TO BOAST. 

crow-foot: ranunciilus, Plin. 

crow’s-foot : @ caltrop (q. v.): sti- 
milus: Caes. 

crowd (subs.): |, Ofpeople. 1, 
turba (a number of persons without 
order): the praetor’s house jilled with 
a c., domus praetoria, turba referta, 
Cic.: ac. of unknown gods, t. ignotorum 
deorum, Cic.: a c. of disciples, discipu- 
lorum t., Quint. 2. vulgus, i, m. and 
n. (the common herd, the multitude: 
always used eontemptuously) : v. MUL- 
TITUDE, 3, fréquentia (a number of 
persons or things close together): a very 
great c. of people, summa hominum f., 
Cic.: Vv. THRONG. 4. concursus, is 
(of people flocking together): a c. as- 
sembles in the streets, fit c. per vias, 
Pl.: great c.s assembled, magni c. sunt 
facti, Nep. 5, célebritas (strictly an 
abstract subs.: thus Cic. has celebritas 
loci in sense of the crowdedness or fash- 
tonableness of a place: Fam. 14, 1, fin.): 
I hate ac.; I avoid men, odi celebri- 
tatem ; fugio homines, Cic.: more fully 
celebritas virorum ac mulierum, id. 
See also MULTITUDE, RABBLE. I]. Of 
other things: chiefly in fig. sense; as, 
ac. of thoughts, *turba, frequentia, mul- 
titudo cogitationum (?): v. MULTITUDE. 
Phr.: what ac. of thoughts come rush- 
ing into the mind, *quot res mentem 
subeunt: quarum rerum in mentem 


venit! 
crowd (».): A, Trans: |, To 
Sill with numbers of persons or things : 
1, arto, arcto, 1 (to c. to excess): to 

c. halls with busts, atria imaginibus a., 
Mart.: Plin. 2. fréquento, 1 (to 
attend in large numbers): the temples 
should now be c.’d, templa frequentari 
nunc decet, Ov. 8. stipo, 1 (to c. 
closely): the senate-house was c.’d by the 
senators, curia patribus fuit stipata, 
QOv.: Hor. 4, compleo, 2: v. To FILL. 
Il. To force together into one space : 

1, stipo, 1 (v. supr.): the Greeks 
were c.’d five on a@ co often more, 
Graeci stipati sunt quini in lectulis, 
saepe plures, Cic. 2. constipo, 1 








| theatra, Hor. 


CROWN 





territory, numerum hominum in agrum 
aliquem c., Cic.: Caes. %$. congldbo, 
1 (in one body): the soldiers had c.d 
toyether in a temple, in templo miles se 
conglobaverat, Tac.: Liv. Fig.: defi- 
nitions c.’d together, definitiones con- 
globatae, Cic. 4, cdarto, condenso, 
cOéangusto. Vv. TO COMPRESS. 5, cdgo, 
congrégo; V. TO ASSEMBLE, GATHER T0- 
GETHER. ||], In pbr. toc. sail: plenis- 


simis velis navigare, Cic.: *omnia vela in- | 


tendere: v. TO SAIL. B, Intrans.: 
as, toc. together, around: v. infr. 
crowd around: 1, circumfundor, 
fisus, 3 (either absol. or with dat.) : 
the Trojan youth come c.ing round, cir- 
cumfusa ruit Trojana juventus, Virg. : 
to c. round a man speaking in public, 
alicui concionantic., Liv. 2, circum- 
fluo, 3: Vv. TO FLOCK ROUND. 
in: influo, xi, xum, 3: Cic. 
together (intr.): 1, con- 
curro, curri, cursum, 3: toc. together to 
the senate-house, ad curiame., Cic. 2. 
convolo, 1 (with rapidity): v. FLOCK 
TOGETHER. 3, expr. by verbs given 
under TO cROWD (L1.), and pron. refl.: 
as, se congregare ac condensare in unum 
locum, Varr. Phr.: deaths of old and 
young c. thick together, mixta senum 
juvenumque densentur funera, Hor 
(where densantur would be more usual) . 
the c.ing multitude, shoulder to shoulder, 








densum humeris vulgus, Hor. See also 
CROWDED. : 
crowded (adj.): |, Close together : 


1, condensus: ships c. together on 
the shore, c. puppes litore, Virg.: Liv. 
Also, densus: Ov.: Hor. 9. con- 
fertus: ships c. together, naves c., Liv.: 
c. together in confined duellings, c. in 
arcta tecta, Liv.: in c. or close array, 
confertus (e.g. ¢c. acies), sup. confertis- 
simus, Caes.: v. CLOSE, Wl. Full, 
attended by many people: 1, céléber, 


!bris, bre: a very c. assembly of men 


and women, celeberrimus virorum mul- 
ierumque conventus, Cic.: v. FRE 
QUENTED. 2. confertus (more freq. 
in sense I.): the temples of the Gods c. 
with a vast multitude, ingenti turba c. 
deorum templa, Liv. Fig.:a life full 


|and c. with pleasures, vita plena et c. 


voluptatibus, Cic. 3. fréquens, ntis 
(of assemblies and places well-attended) : 
ac. banquet, f. convivium, Suet.: a very 
c. theatre, frequentissimum theatrum, 
Cic. 4, réfertus (i. e. full of, abound- 
ing in: with abl.): his house was c. with 
gamblers, domus erat aleatoribus r., 
Cic. 5, spissus (thick together): c. 
seats, s. sedilia, Hor.: c. theatres, s. 
6. artus, arctus (too 
much c.): nimis a. convivia, Hor. 
Phr.. crowded state, célebritas: the c. 
state of the place, c. loci, Cic.: of the 
road, c. viae, Cic. 
crowding (svbs.): cdartatio (Liv. : 
Vitr.), constipatio (v. rare), stipatio 
(Cic.): see the several verbs under 
CROWD. 
crown (subs.): |. Ofaking: 1, 
insigne régium~ he replaced on his head 
the c., insigne r. (capiti) reposuit, Cic. 
Sext. 27, 58: insigne r. capiti imponere, 
Tac. Ann. 2, 58: for this, insigne capitis 
may be used where the context shows 
that a king's crown is meant: Sen. 
2, apex, Icis, m. (strictly, a conical 
tiara worn by priests): Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 
fin. (see the place): Hor. 3, dii- 
déma, itis, n. (Gr. diadnuat a kind of 
band ; the sign of royalty in the East): 
Suet.: Hor.: Juv. The pure Latin for 
this word is (candida) fascia, which is 
used by Suet. in the well-known story 
of Caesar’s statue (Jul. 79). N.B. Corona 
is not used in this sense: see Suet. lL. c.5 
andinfr. ||, By meton., royal power: 
regnum : to bestow the c. on any one, 
alicui _r. deferre, Caes.: Hor. (who 
adds et diadema): to aspire to the c., 
r. appetere, affectare: v. ASPIRE TO: v. 
REGAL POWER. Il. Any honorary 
wreath: cdrona: for the diff. kinds of 
coronae see Dict. Ant. s. v.: as a con- 


(slightly stronger than simple verb): | stellation, Cic.: Virg. Dimin. cérolla: 


to c, together a number of men into @ | y. WREATH, GABLAND, 
i 


IV. The top 


CRUEL 





of the head: vertex. icis, m.: 
soles of the feet to the c. of the head, ab 
imis unguibus usque ad v. summum, 


From the 


Cic.: Hors v. TOP. V. Completion, 
consummation: cimiilus: that ce. 
days, ille c. dierum, Cic.: see verb (LIL). 

crown (v.): |. To invest with a 
royal crown: insigne regium capiti im- 
ponere, Tac.: v. CRUWN. (Also diadema, 
apex, may be used. admovere diadema 
capiti in Snet. Jul. 89, 1s to put the crown 
to the head, not actually to crovn.) ff, 
To cover, as with a wreath or croun: 

1, cingo, nxi, nctum, 3: to c. the 

temples with flowers, tempora floribus c., 
Hor. : v. TO WREATHE. Q. cdrono, 1: 
a wood c.s the walters, surrounding every 
side, silva c. aquas, cingens latus omne, 
Ov.: toc, pillars with laurel, c. postes 
lauro, Quint.: c.ing the gods with ruse- 
mary and brittle myrtle, coronans mar- 
ino rore deos fragilique myrto, Hor. : 
to c. (award the prize to) a comedy, c. 
comoediam, Suet.: to be c.’d at the 
Olympian games, Olympia coronari, 
Hor. [|], Zo consummate: expr. with 
ciimiilus: eloquence as it were c.s the 
arts of the philosophers, eloquentia ali- 
quem c. philosophorum affert, Cic.: 
simly, c. addere, Ov.: also cumulo 
augere, Cic.: also with verb cumulo: 
c.’d with so many honours, tot honori- 
bus cumulatus, Tac.: Cic. 

crown-imperial (a plant): *friti- 
laria imperatoris, Linn. 

crown-prince: filius regis in spem 
imperii genitus, Curt.: v. HEIR. 

crown-lands: tamitica praedia: Cod. 
Just. An occupant of c.-lands, tami- 
&cus: ib. 

crown-scab: perh. porrigo, inis, 7. : 

or.. V. SCURF. 

crucial: in phr. a c. test, a c. expe- 
riment, *crucis experimentum quod 
dicitur. 

crucible: catinus: Plin. 

crucifix: *imago Christi cruci affixi. 

crucifixion : J. Lit.: Mostly 
expr. by crux (Vv. Cross): as, to perish 
by c., cruce perire, Gracch. ap. Fest.: to 
inflict c., cruce afficere aliquem, Cic.: 
Vv. TO CRUCIFY. Il. Fig-: gradual de- 
struction: to aim at the c. of the flesh 
(theol.), *corporis libidinibus quasi ene- 
candis studere, incumbere. 

eruciform: *crucis formam habens ; 
vy. CROsS (11.). 

crucify: |. Lit.: in crucem agere, 
cruce afficere, cruci suffigere, Cic.: in 
cruce suffigere, Hirt.; also in crucem, 
Just. : cruci affigere, Tac. (N.B. cru- 
cifigo, as single word, belongs to later 
and Christian writers.) il. Fig.: im 
theol. sense, to c. the flesh, *corporis 
libidines omni duritia coercere et quasi 
enecare [cruci suffigere }. 

crude: J. Lit: ‘ 
otherwise prepared, etc.: crudus: Vv. 
RAW, UNRIPE, UNDIGESTED. ll. Fig.: 
unfinished, immature (much more freq. 
in this sense) : j, inchoatus (begun, 
not finished): the c. and raw notions 
which dropped from me when a youth, 
quae pueris nobis inc. atque rdia ex- 
ciderunt, Cic. Q, riidis, e (unfinished): 
Cic. (v. supr.). N.B. Crudus and im- 
maturus appear not to be used in this 
sense in class. authors. 

crudely: imperfect@é: v. DIPER- 
FEcTLY. More precisely expr. by in- 
choatus (see adj.): as, @ ¢. conceived 
work, opus inchoatum atque rude: & 
conceive a thing c., *rem inchoare tantum 


atque adumbrare. : 

erudity : |. Undigested food : 
criditas: Plin.: v. INDIGESTION. il. 
Fig.: of what is rudely conceived : 
Phr.: there ts ac. aboul the work, 
* pus inchoati nonnibil atque tmperfecti 
habet~ v. CRUDE. 

cruel: 1, criidélis, e (the most 
usual and gen. term): a c. and unfeel- 
ing woman, c. atque importuna mulier, 
Cic.: a c. and destructive war, bellum 
c. et exitiosum, Cic.: with the c. lash, c 
verbere, Ov. 2. atrox, dcis (stronger 
than crudelis, and implying a s«vage, 
unrelenting disposition): Cic.: Lac: 

173 


not cooked or 


CRUELLY 





Y. STERN, UNRELENTING. 3, saevus 
(savage, fierce: esp. poet.): c. step- 
mothers, 8. novercae, Virg.- c. threats, 
s. minae, Prop.: c. chains, s. catenae, 
Hor. 4, durus: i. e. hard-hearted, 
unfeeling : q. V- 5, immitis, e (rare 
and chiefly poet.)- c. <Aehkilles, im. 
Achilles, Virg.: c. slaughter, im. caedes, 
Liv. 6. immanis, e: v. BRUTAL, 
BARBAROUS. 7. importinus (habitu- 
ally and without abatement): Join: 
crudelissimus atque importunissimus 
tyrannus]: immanis atque importuna 
natura] e.g. Verris, Cic. 8, inba- 
manus: v, INHUMAN. 9, cridus (lit. 
raw: poet.): the c. sword, c. ensis, 
Virg.: Ov. 10. acerbus (lit. sharp, 
poignant): a most c. enemy, acerbissi- 
mus hostis, Cic.. Hor. Phr a c. 
tyrant, teter tyrannus, Cic.: c. love, 
improbe amor! Virg.: ¢. enemy, hostis 
amare! id. See also FIERCE, FELL. 


cruelly: ], cradéliter: Cic. 2, 
saevée:. Suet. Join: s. et atrociter, 
id. 3. atrociter: Cic.: Tac. 4. 
barbare: Hor.: v. BARBAROUSLY. 5, 


diré, diriter: v. HARSHLY. N.B, For 
syn. see CRUEL. Phr.: when we are 
suffering c., dolorum cum admoventur 
faces, Cic.: v. KEENLY, SEVERELY. 
cruelty : 1, cruidélitas: which 
Sen. defines as the propensity to severe 
measures, c. est inclinatio animi ad 
asperiora, Clem. 2, 4, 3: bloodthirstiness 
and c., carnificina atque c., Cic.: to act 
with c., c. adbibere in aliquem, c. ex- 
ercere in aliquo, id.; c. uti, Nep. O 
atrocitas (less freq. in this sense ; 
stronger than No. 1). Suet.: v. aTRO- 
CITY, SEVERITY 3. féritas, imma- 
nitas (cruelty as it were beyond human). 
V. BARBARITY, BRUTALITY. 4, suevitia 
(used by Cic. for severity in good sense : 
Off. 2, 7, 24): the c. of usurers, s. fene- 
ratorum, Sall.: of enemies, s. hostium, 
Tac.: Vv. SAVAGENESS, FIERCENESS. 
eruet: 1, guttus (a small vessel 
with a narrow mck, for pouring oil, 
etc., drop by drop): Hor.: Plin. oy 
cornu, tis (one made of horn): Hor, 3. 
Acetabilum (for vinegar): Quint. 
cruise (swzbs.): [. A small vessel 
(also spelt cruse): olla: v. JUG, Il. 
Of a ship: 1, (2) expéditio: v. Ex- 
PEDITION.  Q, navigatio: v. VOYAUE. 
cruise (v-.): 1. vagor, 1: to c. 
along the coast, praeter cram v., Liv. 
22, 14, med.: Vell. 2. pervagor, 1 
to c. about): Cic. (who uses the term 
of piratical vessels). 3, circunivectos, 
I (pass. used as refl.): to c. about the 
coast of Liguria, oram Ligurum c., Liv. 
41,17. (N.B.—The last word is most 
suitable to express cruising about on 
regular service; the former are, in all 
the above cases used of predatory or 
piratical fleets.) 4, navigo, circum- 
navigo: Vv. TO SAIL. 
eruiser ; i.€.a ship that cruises about 
with hostile intention, or to reconnoitre : 
1. speculatorium navigium ; specu- 
latoria navis (spy-vessel): Caes.: Liv. 
(In this sense catascOpus, Gr. katagKo7os 
is used by Auct. Bell. Afr.) 2, *vaga- 
bunda navis et praedatrix (of pirates). 
3. navis quae circumvectatur: v. 
CRUISE (3). 
erumb: |. A morsel; esp. of 
bread: mica panis, Plin.: v. MORSEL, 
GRAIN. I. The soft part of bread: 
panis mollia, Plin.; panis tenerior 
pars, Cels. 
crumble: [.Trans.: 1, frio, 
1- earth which is easily c.d, terra quae 
facile friatur, Varr.: Lucr. Simly, the 
comps. infrio, 1 (to crumble one thing 
into another, as in making a draught): 
Cato: Plin.: and affrio (in similar 
sense), Varr. 9. putréfacio, féci, 
factum, 3 (to make soft and crumbling) : 
to soften and c. rocks by.pouring vinegar 
on them, saxa infuso aceto p., Liv. 3, 
téro, contéro: Vv. TO BRUISE, PULVERISE. 
I]. Intrans. j, frior (pass. 
refl. of frio), 1: v. supr. (1). 2. 
putresco, putrui, 3 (to become soft and 
crumbling): Col. 3, corruo, i, 3 (to 
¢. down and come to ruin): Cic. 4, 
114 


CRUSTACEOUS 





collabor, lapsus, 3 (sim. to No. 3): Liv.. 
to c. to dust, *in pulverem c. (or re- 
solvi: Col. has glebas in pulverem 
resolvere). : 
crumbling (@4).): 1, puter, 
putris, putre. c. svil, clod, p. solum, 
gleba, Virg. 9, friabilis, e: Plin.: 
Vv. FRIABLE. 
crumple: 1. rigo, corrugo, I 
vy. TO WRINKLE. Plaut. uses rugo as 
intrans.: see how your mantle is c.d., 
vide pallium ut rugat, Cas. 2, 3, 32. 
2, duplico, 1: Sen.: v. TO DOUBLE. 
crumpled (@4j.): corrugatus, or 
rigatus. rugdsus: Vv. WRINKLED; and 
see preced. art. 
erupper: postiléna: PI. 
crush (v-.): J, Lit: 1, ob- 
téro, trivi, tritum, 3 (esp. with the feet) : 
toc. frogs with the foot, ranas ob. pede, 
Phaedr. : to c. the eggs of locusts, locust- 
arum ova ob., Plin.: toc. the legs, crura 
ob., Col. Q, opprimo, pressi, pressum, 
3 (the most gen. term) - the vaulted roof 
Sell and c.'d the rest, ruina camerae op- 
pressit ceteros, Phaedr.: Cic. toc. a 
fly, muscam op., Phaedr. 3. élido, 
si, sum, 3 (to damage or smash vio- 
lently): I will c. your head, elidam 
caput, Pl.: to c. the gaws, fauces e., Ov. 
4, contéro, contundo, comminuo, 
frango: v. TO BREAK IN PIECES, BRUISE. 
5, protéro, 3. v. TO TRAMPLE ON. 
Il. Fig.- To overwhelm ; by conquest 
or otherwise: 1, obtéro, 3 he hade.d 
almost the whole wing, alam prope 
universam obtriverat, lac.. Liv.: to c. 
a calumny, calumniam ob., Cic. 2. 
opprimo, pressi, pressum, 3 to ¢ @ 
s- dition, motum op., Nep. (comprimere, 
Liv.): v. TOO\ ERWHELM. 3. prémo, 
3: to bec. d beneath the greatness of the 
taxes, magnitudine tributorum premi, 
Caes.: to c. an enemy, inimicum p., 
Curt. 4, frango, frégi, fractum, 3: 
to c. and subdue nations, nationes f. et 
domare, Cic. Join also, trangere et 
comminuere (fo break and shatter com- 
pletely), Cic. 5, protéro, 3 (poet.): 
to c. the Carthaginians in war, Marte 
Poenos p., Hor. 6. affligo, xi, ctum, 
3 (strictly, to dash to the ground): toc. 
a nation in war, gentem bello af., Liv.: 
Cic. (The word dves not, however, 
denote entire destruction; but rather 
prostration: V. TO PROSTRATE.) 7, 
élido, si, sum, 3 (rare in this sense). to 
be c.’d by giif, acgritudine elidi, Cic. 
crush, crushing (subs.): J, The 
act: contisio: vy. BRUISING. (But usu. 
expr. by verb; as, to aim at erushing 
the enemy, *id agere ut hostes obteran- 
tur: v.preced.art.) |], A dense crowd: 
*frequentia densissima; hominum fre- 
quentia humeris inter se colluctantium : 
vy. CROWD. 
crushing (adj.): Phr.: a c. blow, 
*talis ictus nt aliquem penitus frangat 
atque luctu affligat. 
crust .”.): |. The external coat 
or cover my of a thing: 1, crusta (in 
every sense in which the word is gene- 
rally used): ac. of clay, luti c., Lucr.: 
a c.of bread, panis c., Plin.: the c. of a 
river (ice), fluminis c., Virg.: the c. of 
ulcers, ¢. ulcerum, Cels. Dimin. crust- 
tila: a thin c., Plin. Q. balteus (of a 
cake): Cato. Phr.: the c. of the earth, 
cutis [summa] terrae, Plin. (who uses 
the expr. to denote the topmost surface 
of the earth, 20, 19, 79). Il. Con- 
densed dregs: as, the crust of wine, 
faex, faeciila: v. DREGS. Ul. A piece 
of c., esp. of bread : frustum, frustilum : 
v. BIT. Phr.. to live upon ac., lapsana 
vivere (literally, on radishes ; i. e. spar- 
ingly), Plin. 19, 8, 41, fin., ficis victitare 
aridis (lit. on dry figs), Pl.(Q.) N.B— 
Crusta, a thin crust, must not be con- 
founded with crusta, crustula (pl.), 
cakes, pastry. 
crust (v.): |. Trans.: crusto, 
incrusto, 1° crust& or crustam obduco: 
vy. TO INCRUST. I]. Zo become ced: 
*crustam ducere, crustari, crust& ob- 
duci. 
crustaceous: crustatus. c. animals, 
















CRY 


crustily; “maré, stomachdsé. wv. 
ANGRILY, PEEVISHLY- 

crustiness: 4m4ritido, acerbitas: 
V. PEEVISHNESS, ILL-TEMPER. 

crusty: |. Lit.: as bread: crus- 
tiatus, Spart.: crustosus, Plin. (both = 
covered with a crust). [|]. Z2l-tem- 











pered: cérébrosus, Hor. S. 1, 5, 21: v. 


ILL-TEMPERED, PEEVISH. 

crutch: baciilum: dimin, bacillum; 
bacillus: v. STICK. 

ery (v.): |. Toutter aloud voice, for 
whatever purpose: clamo, clamito; ex- 
clamo, etc.: v. TO CRY OUT. I]. As a 
crier, or herald: 1, praedico, 1: to 
cry or give notice of a sale, auctionem 
p., Pl.: toc. publicly, palam p., Cic.: v. 
PROCLAIM. 2, clamito, 1 (of vendors 
crying things for sale): to c. figs of 
Caunus, Cauneas c., Cic. Phr.: tocry 
baggage (of soldiers preparing to break 
up @ camp), vasa conclamare, Caes. : 
simly, to cry the Saturnalia (which was 
done with the shout, “lo Saturnalia,’), 
Saturnalia clamare, Liv. 22, I. lil. 
To weep: esp. of children: 1, fleo, 
lacrimo - Vv, TO WEEP. 2. (of infants 
only) vagio, 4: the sound of a child 
c.ing, vox pueri vagientis, Ter.: to c. 
in @ cradle (be an infant), in cunis v., 
Cic. 3, vagitum edere, Quint. 

— down: 1, détrecto, 1 (to dis- 


parage): toc. down the ancient orators, 


d. antiquos oratores, Tac.: also with dat.: 
Suet. 2, detraho, xi, ctum, 3 (foll. 
by de and abl.): v. TO DETRACT FROM, 
DISPARAGE. 3. vitipéro, 1: to c. 
down philosophy in general, universam 
philosophiam v., Cic.. v. TO CENSURE, 
DEPRECIATE. 

— out: 1, clamo, 1 foc. out to 
any one from the street, aiicui de via c., 
Ter.: also, ad aliquem c., Cat.: Ov. 
less freq. with acc., toc. out to a door- 
keeper, janitorem c., Pl.: to c. out well 
done! bene, pulchre, rectec., Hor. Fre- 
quent. clamito, 1 (to cry out repeatedly): 
c.ing out again and again that he was 
a freeman, clamitans se liberum esse, 
Cic.: toc, out “ Tiberius into the Tiber,’” 
Tiberium in Tiberim c., Tac. 2, exe 
clamo, 1: Vv. TOEXCLAM. 3, vociféror, 
1 (to c. aloud): to c. out publicly, v. 
palam, Cic.: foll, by acc. and wf. 
Cic.: Liv. 

— out against: 1, acclamo, t 
(with dat.): I have no fear of your 
c.ing out against me, Don metuo ne 
mihi acclametis, Cic. (In later writers 
in good sense: Tac.) 9. clamito, 1 
(absol.); Tac. (cf. preced. art. ad jin.). 

8, reclimo, I (esp. to cry out 
against something said: with dat. or 
absol.): his specch was greatly c.’d out 
against by all, ejus orationi vehementer 
ab omnibus reclamatum est, Cic. Fam. 
1, 2, med.: all the dicasts c.’d out 
against his taking an oath omnes ju- 
dices, ne juraret reclamasse, Cic. 
inclamo, 1 (with acc.): PL: v. foll. art. 

— out to: 1, inclamo, 1 (with 
acc. or dat.): toc. out to a person again 
and again, aliquem in. semel ac saepius, 
Cic.: he c.s out to the Curiatit to render 
assistance, inclamat Curiatiis ut opem 
ferant, Liv. Q. imploro, 1: v. TO IM- 
PLORE. §, appello,1: v. TOAPPEALTO. 

—up: 1, vendito, 1. to c. up 
peace, pacem V., Liv.: toc. up one’s own 
services, suam operam v., Liv.: I have 
c.’d you up strongly, valde te venditavi, 
Cic. In same sense vendo (rare)- Hor. 

2. praedico, 1 (with ace.; ace. 
inf.; de and abl.): v. To Boast. Phr.: 
to c, up one’s own services, benefacta sua 
verbis adornare, Plin, Ep.: v. TO EXTOL. 

ery (subs.): |, 4 loud or vehement 
exclamation : 1. clamor- ¢o utter a 
c., c. edere, Cic. ; also c. tollere (to raise 
a c.), ¢. profundere (to pour forth a c.), 
Cic.: with loud c¢.s, magno clamore, 
Phaedr.; magnis clamoribus, Suet.: v. 
EXCLAMATION, ACCLAMATION. Q, VOX, 
vocis, f.: the c.s of huntsmen, venantum 
voces, Phaedr.: he pours forth such ¢.s 
to heaven, tales effundit ad aethera v., 
Virg. Vv VOICE, SHOUT. 3. accla- 


crustata, orum, Plin. (M. L. crustacea.) | matio (in Cic. usu. of c.s of disapproba 





CRYING 


tion: more fully, adversa populi ac., 
de Or. 2, 83, 339): v.ouTcRY. 4, con- 
clamatio (of a number of persons to- 
gether: not in Cic.): with tears and c.s 
(of soldiers), lacrimis et c., Tac.: Suet. 
5, vocifératio (a loud c., whether 
of one or more: only in sing.): Cic.: 
the c. of a woman, muliebris v., Auct. 
ad Her.: with tears and c.s, lacrimis et 
vociferatione, Petr. 6. convicium : 
v. outcry. Phr.: to raise ac. (of a 
number), conclamo: v. To cry (IL.); 
and supr. (1): to raise the c. ‘to 
arms!” (homines) ad arma concitare, 
Hor. Il. Of @ crier or vendor: pro- 
nuntiatio, praecdnium: Vv. PROCLAMA- 
TION. Wl. Of infants: 1, vagitus, 
is (the natural c. of infancy): Plin. 
2, ploratus, is (tmplying distress) : 

to stop the c. of an infant, p. infantis 
cohibere, Plin. Join: vagitus et plo- 
ratus, Plin. 7, pref. 3, qniritatus, 
us: Plin. Ep. IV. Ofdistress: 1, 
ploratus: the c.s of women, mulierum 
ploratus (pl.), Liv.: Cic. (poet.). 2. 
clamor (applicable to any loud c.): v. 
supr.(1.1). 3, vocifératio (aloud c.): 
v. supr. (I. 5). 4, éjulatus, us (a 
melancholy ¢., a@ wail): Vv. LAMENTA- 
TION. 5, quiritatio (a plaintive c.): 
Liv.: also, quiritatus, is: Plin. Ep.: 
Val. Max. 

crying (adj.): i. e. notorious, fla- 
grant: perh. néfarius, néfandus: v. 
ABOMINABLE, ATROCIOUS, 

crystal (subs.): crystallus 0” crys- 
tallum: Plin.: Sen.: see also GLASS. 

crystal (adj.): |, Lit.: made of 
¢.: erystallinus, Plin. In pl. used subs., 
crystallina, orum, vessels of c., Plin. In 
this sense also crystalla, Mart.; and in 
sing. crystallus, Prop. |. Fig.: clear 
as crystal: 1, vitreus (lit. glassy): 
c. water, v. unda, Virg.: c. sea, V. pontus, 


Hor. Q. pelliicidus: v. CLEAR, TRANS- 
PARENT. 
crystalline: |. Of crystal : crys- 


tallinus: v. preced. art. J. The c. 
lens (of the eye): *crystallinus oculi 
humor; bumor translucens quam prox- 
ima crystalli similitudine (Kr. and G., 
based on Plin. 36, 28,67): but the latter 
expr. is too cumbrous for scientific 
language. 

erystallization : *crystallizatio (ne- 
cessary as scient. ¢. ¢.: Kr.): Q. gives 
congelatio, but (?). 

erys ize: |. Trans.: *cryst- 
allizo (as ¢. 
t (cf. Ov. M. 15, 415): or by circnl., 
*ad crystalli naturam conformare, miit- 
are. |. Intrans.: 1, *crystal- 
lizor, I: Vv. supr. 2. congélo, dir- 
esco: cf. Ov. l. c. 8, in crystallum 
abire, formari (Kr.). 

cub (subs.): catiilus (the young of 
| erat aad in general): Hor.: Virg.: 

in. 

cub (v.): i. e. bring forth cubs: 
pario, pépéri, partum, 3: Vv. TO BRING 
FORTH. <Adj., that is about toc., or has 
recently done so, féta, Virg.: Ov. 

cube (subs.): |. Vhe solid figure: 

1, cuibus: Vitr. 2. quadrantal, 
alis, n.: Gell, 3. tesséra (a small c. 
for playing at dice) : Cic.: Ov.: v. DICE, 
[|]. In arithmetic: a c. number: 

ctibus, Gell. 

cubic ~hons: Vi 

cubical cubicus: Vitr. 

cubit: cibitum, Plin.: Cic. Adj., a 
c. in length, cubitalis, e, Liv.: Plin. 

cuckold (swbs.): currica: Juv. 6, 
276 (but the word is doubtful): or by 
cireuml., *maritus conjugis adulterio 
turpiter elusus (Kr.). 

euckold (v.): *virum (maritum) 
contrectata uxore turpiter ludificari. 

cuckoo : 1, coccyx, ygis, m.: 
Plin. Q. ciicilus: Hor.: Plin. (with 
penult. short, Auct. Carm. Phil.). 

cuckoo - flower; _cardamina, 
Apul. (*c. pratensis, Withering). 

cuckoo-pint: arum (Withering). 

cucumber: 1. ciicumis, is, or 
éris, m.: Virg.: Plin.: the squirting c., 
sylvestris c., Plin. 9. vitis, viticiila 
Gof the branches of the c. vine): Pall. 


ae: 





t.): less precisely, congélo, | 





CULPAB LL. TY 





cucurbit; ciicurbita: v. GOURD: a 
c. planter, cicurbitarius: Hier.: like a 
c., cucurbitinus, Plin. 

cud: |. The part of the neck or 
throat where ruminant animals chew 
their food: rima; rimen, inis, n.: 
Fest.: Arnob. ||. The food so chewed : 
chiefly in phr. to chew the c.: 1, ra- 
mino, 1: Plin.: Col. (more fully, r. 
gutture, Paul. Nol.). The act of chewing 
the c., ruminatio, Plin.: animals which 
chew the c., ruminatores, Arnob. A 
rémando, di, sum, 3: Plin. Wh. In 
fig. sense: in phr. to chew the c. (of 
thought, meditation): ], riimino, ri- 
minor: V. TO RUMINATE. Better perh.: 

Q. cdquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to digest in 
the mind): cf. Stat. Theb. 2, 300: 
“trucem coquebat :nvidiam.” 3. 
agito, 1: V. TO BROOD OVER. 

cudgel (subs.): 1, fustis, is, m. 
(esp. for beating): mauled with c.s and 
clubs, male mulcatus fustibus et clavis, 
Cic.: v. foll. art.: to split a head open 
with a c., caput aperire fuste, Juv.: a 
willow c., salignus f., Hor. 2. ba- 
culum, bacillum; bacillus (esp. for 
walking) : V. STICK, STAFF. 

cudgel (v.): fuste, fustibus verberare, 
muleare, Cic.; f. dolare, Hor. : to c. any- 
body’s head well, implere fustibus caput 
alicujus, Pl.: v.TO BEAT,FLOG. (N.B.— 
Fustigo is without good authority.) 

cudgelling: expr. with fustis (v. 
preced, art.): death by c., supplicium 
fustiarium, Inscr. 

cue: |. The last word or words 
of a speech on the stage: perh. verbum 
monitorium, verba monitoria (monitor 
is used to signify a@ prompter in a 
theatre, Fest.). |. A Aint: nutus, 
signum, indiclum: v. HINT. Phr.: to 
give ac.: innuo, ui, 3: when I give you 
your c., ubi ego innuero vobis, Pl.: a I 
give the c., hit him on the face in a 
moment, ne mora sit si innuerim, quin 
pugtus in mala haereat, Pl.: v. BECKON, 
XOD. Ill. The part to be played: 
partes: v. PART. IV. Humour, dis- 
position (colloq.): Phr.: I am not in 
the c., *non ita mihi nune libet; aliud 
ago: V. HUMOUR. V. For billiards: 
perh. clavila lusoria. 

cuff (subs.): |. A blow: cdlaphus, 
alapa (a slap): v. BLOW. Il. Of a 
sleeve: *extrema manica: v. HAND- 
CUFF. 

cuff (v.): colaphum alicui ducere, 
Quint.; incutere, Juy.: v. TO BUFFET, 
BOX. 

cuirass: lorica, thorax, citaphractes: 
Vv. CORSLET. 

cuirassier : 1, eques loricatus : 
Liv.: Lampr. 2. citaphractus, Liv.: 
Prop. 8, cataphractarius: Lampr. 

culinary: 1, céquinarius: the c. 
art, ars c., Apic.: c. vessels, vasa C., 
Plin. 2. cilinarius: Front. Phr.: 
the c. art, scientia popinae, Liv. 

cull: légo, carpo, décerpo: v. TO 
PLUCK, GATHER. Fig.: toc. all the best 
things from various characters, ex va- 
Tiis ingeniis excellentissima quaeque 
libare (lit. to sip), Cic. 

culm: culmus: v. HAULM. 

culminate: expr. by (summum) 
fastigium, summum: as, eloquence is at 
its cing point, oratorum laus venit ad 
summum, Cic.: J acknowledge that he 
(Cicero) is the cing point (in Roman 
oratory), stetisse in fastigio fateor, Quint. 
12, I, 20: simly, in summum f. evehi, 
Vell. Phr.: Roman eloquence c.d in 
Cicero and his contemporaries, quicquid 
Romana eloquentia habuit, cirea Cicero- 
nem effloruit, Vell. (but the expr. are not 
quite parallel): to reach the cing point, 
summa, summum locum, consequi (based 
on Plin. jun.). 

culminating (adj.): chiefly in phr. 
c. point, fastigium : v. preced. art. 

culmination : fastigium; gridus 
summus ; summum or summa (pl.): v. 
TO CULMINATE. 

culpability: expr. by adj. or 
verb: as, there is no doubt of the great 
c. of such conduct, *non est dubium 
quin haec vehementer culpanda, or 


CULTURE 


culpabilia (rare), sint; culpae danda 
sint. Often culpa is sufficient: as, to 
be free from c., culpa carere, Cic.: v. 
BLAME. 
culpable: 1, culpandus (ger. 
part.): this is by no means c., *ininime 
haec sunt culpanda: v.TO BLAME. 2. 
culpabilis, e (not class.): to pronounce 
anything c., aliquid c. judicare, Arnob. : 
Apul. 8, ndcens, ntis: v. GUILTY. 
4. expr. by dat. of culpa (see 
L. G. § 297): to pronounce anything c., 
aliquid alicui culpae dare, Cic.: v. TO m- 
puTe. Also with in culpa: as, to be c., 
in culpa esse, Cic,; not to be c., abesse 
a culpa, carere culpa, etc., Cic.: v. 
BLAME. 
culprit: |, 4 person arraignedin 
court (rare in this sense): reus, rea: v. 


ACCUSED. I]. A person convicted of a 
crime: nocens, noxius.: Vv, GUILTY, 
CRIMINAL. 

cultivate: 1. cdlo, ui, ultum, 3 


(in all senses): to c. land, agros c., Cic. : 
to c. the vine, vitem c., Cic.: to c. the 
mind by means of liberal studies, pectus 
ingenuas per artes c., Ov.- to c. virtue, 
virtutem c., Cic.: to c. the liberal arts, 
artes liberales c., Suet.: toc. friendship 
(in the abstract), amicitiam c., Cic.: but 
to c. a person’s affection or regard, 
colere aliquem (without amicitia). 2, 
excélo, 3 (to c. carefully or elegantly ; 
hence rarely of land except in pvoet.): 
the memory is strengthened by c.ing ut, 
memoria excolendo augetur, Quint.: to 
c. (and refine) the mind by learning, 
animos doctrina ex., Cic. (Rare except 
in this fig. use.) 8, récdlo (to c. over 
again): toc. a deserted land once more, 
desertam terram r., Liv. (But Cic. would 
probably have rather said rursus colere,) 
4. aro, 1: v. TO FARM. 5, ex- 
erceo, 2 (gen. term for to work, employ): 
to c. the ground for a harvest, bumum 
ex. in messem, Virg.: to c. vineyards, 
plantations, plains, vineas, arbusta, 
campos curare et ex., Plin.: Vv. TO EX- 
ERCISE. 6. fSveo, 2: Vv. TO CHERISH, 
Foster. Phr.: to c. industriously the 
soil, terram moliri, Virg.: Ic. the study 
of Greek literature, multum Graecis 
literis utor, Cic.: toc. a beard, barbain 
pascere, Hor.: to c. any one’s good graces, 
Balen alicujus sequi, Caes.; fovere, 
‘ac. 

cultivated (part. adj.): Phr. : pos- 
sessing a c. mind, doctrina liberaliter 
institutus, omnibus ingenuis artibus in- 
structus, Cic.: a c. lady, femina docia 





atque polita, Plin. Ep.: v. accon- 
PLISHED. 

cultivation: 1, cultiira: the c. 
of the sol, agri c., Cic.: the c. of the 


vine, vitis c., Cic. Fig.: the c. of the 
mind is philosophy, c. animi philosophia 
est, Cic. 9. cultus, is: the c. of 
fields, agrorum c.,Cic. Fig.: the c. of 
the mind, animi c., Cic. 3. cultio 
(rare, and only lit.): Cie. Phr.: 
fields subject to c., arva obnoxia curae, 
Virg.: the c. of the soil, agriculatio, Col. ; 
also molitio terrae (implying effort and 
industry), Col.: without c., sponte sua 
(of trees growing naturally), Virg. ; 
suopte ingenio (by their own native 
force; of soils), Sall.; mnullo cultn, 
Virg. Fig.: the memory ts strength- 
ened by c., memoria excolendo (exer- 
cendo) augetur, Quint,: the c. of litera- 
ture, literarum tractatio, Cic.: to allow 
the intellect to become inactive from want 
of c., ingenium incultu (only in abl.) 
torpescere sinere, Cic.: Sall.: v. CUL- 
TURE, STUDY. 
cultivator: 1. cultor (usu. with 
terrae or agrorum, unless the context 
renders it unnecessary): Cic.: Liv. 
9. cdlens (esp. in pl.): see verb. 
8, cdlonus: v. HUSBANDMAN. 
culture: |, Lit.: thecultiration 
of the soil, culttira, cultus~ v. CULTIVA- 
TION. Il. Fig.: of the mind: cult- 
tira or cultus animi. Cic.: v. CULTI- 
VATION (esp. phr.). Phr.: a stranger 
to c., imperitus, rerum omnium rudis 
| ignarusque, Cic.; studiis rudis, Vell; 
rudis artium, Liv. 





175 


CULVERT 





culvert: cléaca: v. SEWER. 
cumber: gravo, impédio, énéro: v. 
0 ENCUMBER, BURDEN. 
cumberer ; perh. only in phr. c.s of 
the ground (from Luke xiii. 7), perh. 
numerus, fruges consumere nati, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 2, 27. 
cumbersome, cumbrous: ale 
inhabilis, e: a ship of an almost c. size, 
navis in. prope magnitudinis, Liv. : c. 
masses of huge bodies (of elephants), 
in. vastorum corporum moles, Curt. 
Q. praegravis, e (i.e. foo heavy): 
Ov.: Plin. Phr.: harrows of c. weight, 
iniquo pondere rastri, Virg.: @ ¢. oF 
laboured delivery, pronuntiatio molesta 
gesticulationibus, Quint. 
cumbrance;: Vv. ENCUMBRANCE. 
cumbrously; incommoéde: v. IN- 
CONVENIENTLY. But often nimis or 
some other intensive word is enough : 
as, c. heavy swords, gladii nimis graves 
or praegraves (enormes, Tac. Agr. 36) : 
ac. large vessel, *navis propter nimiam 
magnitudinem inhabilis. 
cumbrousness: inhabilis magni- 
tudo, inhabile pondus: v. CUMBROUS, UN- 
WIELDY. 
cummin: ciminum. Hor.: Plin.: 
ec. oil, oleum cumininum, Apul. 
cumulate, etc.; v. ACCUMULATE, 
ete. 
cumulative: of arguments: Phr.: 
these arguments, though separately weak, 
yet have ac. force, *haec etsi singula 
minus valent, attamen universa rem 
confirmant. 
cuneiform; ciineatus: Liv.: Col. 
cunning (adj.): 1, callidus (the 
most gen. term: also in good sense, V. 
SKILFUL): @ c. thief, c. fur, Mart. 
Join: versuti homines et callidi, Cic. 
c. atque subdolus, Pt. 9. ddlosus 
(full of wiles): v. WILY. 3. astiitus, 
argitus: v. ARTFUL, SLY. 4, vafer, 
fra, frum (tricky, ingenious, artful): c. 
art, v. ars, Mart.; Hor. §, versutus 
(sharp, quick-witted): Cic. (Vv. supr.): 
Vell. 6, subddlus, cautus: v. SLY. 
See also SUBTLE, SHREWD. Phr.: a c. 
fellow, véetérator: Ter. 
cunning (subs.): 1, calliditas 
(perh. oftener in good sense: v, SKIL- 
FULNESS): ¢. rather than wisdom, c. 
potius quam sapientia, Cic. Also in 
pl. = cunning tricks, Ter. Q. as- 
tiittia (slyness: q. v.). Cic. Join: 
malitia atque astutia (roguishness and 
c.), Ter. 8, astus, is (rare, except 
in abl. sing. and acc. pl.): Vv. CRAFT. 
4, ars, artis, f. (in this sense 
chiefly poet.): Pelasgic art or c., Pe- 
lasga a., Virg.: Ov. 5, ddlus (a wile, 
stratagem: q. V.): ¢. or open valour, d. 
an virtus, Virg. 6, vatritia (swblilty : 
v. rare): Sen. 
cup (subs.): |. 4 drinking vessel : 
], pocilum (the usual word): to 
drink out of the same c. (have the same 
fate), eodem p. bibere, Pl.: to drain a 
c. dry, p. exhaurire, Cic.; p. siccare, 
Hor. Dimin. pocillum, Liv. 2: 2alix, 
icis, m. (not calyx): all the pots and c.s, 
aulae c.que omnes, Pl.: ac. of mead, c. 
mulsi, Cic.: to drink off ac. to any one, 
propinare alicuic., Mart. 3, scyphus, 
i (only poet.) : c.s made jor mirth, nati 
in usum laetitiae s., Hor. 4, can- 
tharus (with handles): Hor. 5, cal- 
ullus: Hor. (N.B.—Cyathus is not a 
drinking-cup, but a small vessel used by 
the cupbearer for mixing: Hor.) Phr.. 
over tne cs (i. e. while at table), in 
poculis, Cic.: sober or in our c.s, sicci, 
uvidi, Hor.. after one’s c.s, or when in 
one’s cs, post vina, id. fl. Fig.: in 
such phr. as the c. of misfortune, etc. 
(cf. supr. 1). may sometimes be expr. 
by exantlo (exanclo), exhauriv: as, 
to drink the full c. of misery, omnes 
miserias exantlare, cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 
118: they have drunk deep enough of 
the c. of vengeance, poenarum satis ex- 
haustum est, Virg. Aen. 9, 356. [[I, 4 
flower-cup : 1, calyx, ycis, m. (app. 
used by Plin. both of the calyx and 
the “cup” of the flower itself: v. 21. 5, 
11): Nee Dimin. calycilus, Plin. 
1] 


















CURDLE 


9, acetabulum (strictly a vinegar- 

cup): Plin. 26, 8, 37. 

cup (v.): in surgery: cucurbitam or 
cucurbitulam corpori imponere, imprim- 
ere, aptare ; cucurbitulas adhibere (absol. 
to make use of cupping) Cels. 

cupbearer: 1. expr. with cy- 
athus (v. cup, I. fin.): to be c., ad cy- 
athum et vinum stare, Suet. Caes. 49 ; 
ad c. statui, Hor.: worthy to be made c., 
dignus cyatho, Juv. More precisely, 
minister or servus a cyatho, Inscr. 2, 
pocillator: Apul. 3. pincerna (Gr. 
meyképvys): Lampr. Phr.: to act as 
c., alicui pocula ministrare, bibere min- 
istrare, Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65 

cupboard: armarium (often, but not 
always, attached to walls): Cic.: Plin. 
Dimin. armaridlum, Pl. 

cupid <the love-god) : 1, - Ciipido, 
inis, m.: Cic.. Hor. 9. Amor: v. 
LOVE. C.’s arrows (Cupidinis) ardentes 
sagittae, Hor.; s. Cupidineae, Ov. 

cupidity: cupiditas: v. CovETOoUs- 
NESS. 

cupola: 1, pétasus: Plin. 2, 
tholus: Vitr.: Virg. 

cupping (subs.): cticurbitatio: Coel. 

ur. 


cupping-glass: clicurbita, cticur- 
bitila: v. TO CUP. 

cur: canis: v. HOUND. 

curable: 1, médicabilis. e: c. by 
our art, nostra m. arte, Ov.: love isc. by 
no simples, nullis amor est m. herbis, Ov. 

9. sanabilis, e: @ c. wound, s, 

vulnus, Ov.. Cic.: Sen. 

euracy: *ciria: v. Du Cange, 
S.v. 

curate: sicerdos, *cirator, ciratus, 
cirio presbyter, Gri: v. Du Cange, 
Ss. VV.: or in modern sense *vicarius 


presbyter. 


curative : médicabilis, e (more usu. 
& pass. sense) « c. juice, m. succus: Col.: 
all. 

curator: curator (gen. term): and 
let the aediles be the cs of the city, 
suntoque aediles c, urbis, Vet. leg. ap. 
Cic. Leg. 3, 3. Adj. ciiratorius: Modest. 
Phr.: to be c., curam administrare ali- 
cujus rei, Ulp.: c. of a library, [servus;} 
a bibliothecis, Inser.: to be c. of a library, 
bibliothecae praeesse, Suet.: v. LIBRA- 
RIAN: ¢. of the corn-market, praefectus 
annonae, Liv.: v, OVERSEER. The Cu- 
rator in the Roman law was a guardian 
or trustee: v Smith’s Ant. 375. 

curb (subs.): |. For a horse: 
frenum (pl. -i, or -a): v. BIT. Very 
often fig.: to pul a c. upon licence, 
frena licentiae injicere, Hor.: put a c. 
and a limit to your anger, pone irae 
frena modumque, Juv.: to keep plea- 
sures under a c., voluptates sub freno 
tenere, Sen.. Vv. BRIDLE. Il. A low 
wali or rim: 1. crépido, Inis, f: 
Varr. 2. margo, inis, c.: Varr. 
(Both words used esp. of banks or 
breakwaters of stone designed to confine 
water.) 

curb (v.): rare except in fig. sense : 

1, fréno, refréno, infréno, 1: v. To 
BRIDLE: to c. horses, equos r., Curt 
Fig.: toc. the waters, aquas r., Ov.: 
to c. sensual desires, libidines r., Cic. 
2. compesco, pescui, 3: to c. a 

horse, equum c., Tib. Fig.: c. thou 
thine anger with it and chain, hunc 
(animum) frenis, hunc tu compesce 
catena, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 67. 3, cderceo, 
2: toc. the foaming mouth (of steeds), 
spumantia ora c., Ov. Fig.: to c. de- 
sires, c. cupiditates, Cic. 4, com- 
primo, pressi, pressum, 3: V. TO CHECK, 
RESTRAIN, 5, contineo, ui, tentum, 
2 (to hold in or together): to c. a nation 
by arms, by terror, (gentem) armis, ter- 
rore (aliquo) c., Liv. 6, cohibeo, 2: 
V. TO RESTRAIN, 

curb-stone: (?) crépido, Inis, f.: v. 
CURB ( fin.). 

curd: cdagiilum: Plin.: curds, oxy- 
gala, ae: Col. (also neut., Plin.). 

curdle: |, Trans: 1, cd- 
agilo, 1: balsam c.s milk, balsamum 
lac c., Plin. 9. cogo, cdégi, cdactum, 


| 3. toc. milk with rennet of limb or kid, 


CURIOSITY 


nn nnn ESE EES EISNER SEES neneeeeennnenned 


lac c. agni aut hoedi coagulo, Col.: 
Plin. 3, contraho, xi, ctum, 3: /fig- 
guice cs milk like rennet, fici sucus 
coaguli modo lac c, Plin. 4, con- 
gélo, 1: Col. |]. Intrans.: both 
lit. and fig. : ], cdéo, ivi, and ii, 
itum, 4: that the milk may c., ut coeat 
lac, Varr.: my wy blood cs with fear, 
gelidus c. formidine sanguis, Virg. 2. 
concresco, crévi, crétum, 3: the milk 
has c.d, concrevit liquor, Col.: the icy 
blood c.s with cold, gelidus c. frigore 
sanguis, Virg. 3. derigesco, rigui, 3 
(only fig.): his blood cd, deriguit san- 
guis, Virg. 2 

curdled (part. adj.): 1, cdagila- 
tus: Plin. 9. concrétus: Virg. $3, 
céactus: Ov.: v. CURDLE. 

curdling (subs.): coagilatio: Plin. 
Anything used for c., coagilum - Col. : 
Plin. 

curdy ; *speciem habens lactis coag- 
ulati: Vv. CURDLED. 

cure (subs.): |, The act or result of 
curing : 1, sanatio: the c. or c.-ing 
of bodies, corporum s., Cic. Fig.: the 
c. of evils, s. malorum, id. 9. sanitas 
(lit. soundness, health): physic promises 
ac. to the sick, s. aegris medicina pro- 
mittit, Cels.: with the c. of the bone the 
pain ceases, sanitate ossis dolor finitur, 
Cels.: wrtil the treatment ended in a c., 
ad s. dum venit curatio, Phaedr. 5, 8, 12. 
(N.B.—Not cura or curatio, both of 
which denote treatment, whether result- 
ing in a cure or not: cf. Vell. 2, 123: 
“cum omnem curam fata vincerent” se. 
morte Augusti.) 3, Expr. by verb: 
as, the c. of these diseases is more diffi- 
cult, *difficilius hi sanantur morbi, etc. 
(see verb). Il. That which cures: 
rémédium: v. REMEDY. Phr.: the root 
is an excellent c. for colic, dysury, radix 
coeliacis, ad difficultatem urinae prae- 
clare facit, Plin. 

cure (v.): |, To remedy: 1. 
curo, I (strictly to treat medically; but 
also to cure): until the general’s wound 
was c.d, dum vulnus ducis curaretur, 
Liv. 21, 8: to c. diseases, morbos ¢., 
Cels. Hence percuro, 1: t& c. com- 
pletely: Liv.: Sen. 2. médeor, 2 
(with dat.): to c. the eyes, oculis m., 
Plin.: to c. a@ disease, morbo m., Cic. 
Fig.: toc. an evil, malo m., Cic. 3. 
sano, 1 (to make whole or sound: with 
acc.): V-TOHEAL. 4, médicor, 1: v.TO 
DOCTOR. 5, (of a medicine) facio, 3. 
Vv. CURE, subs.(fin.). Phr.: what can’t 
be c.d must be endured, levius fit pa- 
tientia quodcunque corrigere est nefas, 
Hor. Il. Yo preserve by pickling : 
salio, sale condio: v. TO SALT. 

curfew-bell ; *campana vespertina 
(Kr.). 

curiosity: |. Imquisitiveness: 1, 
curidsitas, 3 (v. rare: in Cic. only once, 
in a colloquial passage: v. infr.): I 
am in c. sharp-set, sum in curiositate 
ofumrewvos, Cic. Att. 2, 12: Gell. Os 
exspectatio (as feeling entertained where 
information is hoped for): what c. you 
have caused me, quantam ex. mihi de-. 
disti, Cic.: Varro’s speech excites Caesar's 
c., Varronis sermo facit ex. Caesaris, 
Cic. . we also find in (summam) ex. ad- 
ducere, id.; ex. alicujus excitare, Plin. 
kp. (v. infr. Phr.): I am full of e. 
about Pompeius, plenus sum exspecta- 
tione de Pompeio, Cic. 3, ciira (where 
the context determines the meaning): 
with the c. natural to the human mina, 
curfi humani ingenii, Liv. 24, 22, med. 
(in telling the same story, Cic. has 
elatus cupiditate, Div. 1, 24, 9). 4. 
stidium: with some defining word ; 
as, 8. videndi, an eager c. to see some- 
thing; s. veri reperiendi, an eager c. 
for discovering the truth, Cic.: ¥. DE- 
SIRE, EAGERNESS.  §, cUpido, inis, usu. 
J. (with some defining word: esp. of 
unlawful c.); mala cupido (visendi), 
Tac.. hehad been seized by a strong c. to 
visit Ethiopia, c. incesserat .... Aethi- 
opiam invisere, Curt. Phr.: full of 
antiquarian (or historical) ¢., cognos- 
cendae vetustatis avidus, Curt.: to excite 


| the c. (of a listener), anres alicujus erig- 


so 


CURIOUS 


CURRENT 





ere, Phin. Ep. (Cic. has simply erigere 
auditorem ; and explains erigere aures 
as —attente audire): prompted by c., 
videndi causa, Cic. ; studioso animo, Plin. 
Ep. |. An object of curiosity: 1, 
res rara visu, inventu, Plin.: or simply 
res rara: rara avis in terris (a c. seldom 
to be met with), Juv. 6, 165. Q, Expr. 
by miracilum: to be regarded as ac., 
esse in miraculo, Plin. 9, 8, 8: a tree that 
was such a c. (for its size), tam digna 
miraculo, id.: nor did I ever see a 
greater c., nec quicquam majore mira- 
culo aspexi, id. 27,11,74. $, mirabilis, 
mirus (adj.): there is no greater c., nibil 
est mirabilius, Plin.: v. WONDERFUL. 
curious: |. Desirous (of know- 
ing, etc.): 1, ciridsus (both in good 
and bad sense: but usu. signifying care- 
Jul inquiry, not mere curiosity: as, c. 
in historia, careful in the collection of 
historical facts, Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 168): 
c. (carefully prying) eyes, c. oculi, Cic. 
Q. avidus, ciipidus, stididsus (with 
a defining genitive): c. to hear, cupidus 
audiendi, Cic.: c. about ancient history, 
vetustatis (antiquitatis) cognoscendae 
avidus, Curt.; also with abl., in cog- 
noscenda rerum natura cupidus, Cic. 
Phr.: I am c. to see (or make trial), 
libet experiri, Liv.: I am c. to know by 
what means so great a force can be 
raised, me exspectatio tenet, quibusnam 
Tationibus ea tanta vis comparetur, Cic. : 
v. CURIOSITY. ll. Careful: esp. in 
study: ciiridsus (v. supr. 1), diligens: 
Vv. CAREFUL, STUDIOUS. Wl. Wrought 
with care and art: ]. elaborauus: 
@ c. neatness, e. concinnitas, Cic.: v. 
LABOURED, STUDIED. 2. ciiridsus - 
the c. felicity of Horace, Horatii c. feli- 
citas, Petr. IV. Rare; an object of 
curwsity; rarus, mirabilis: v. CURIOS- 
rry (II.), RARE, WONDERFUL. (N.B. Not 
curiosus in this sense: v. supr.) 
curiously: |. Jnquisitively, atten- 
tively: 1, ciridsé: to enquire c. (i.e. 
with care), c. conquirere, Cic.: Suet. 
2, curiosis oculis (e. g- perspicere, 
animadvertere): v. cuRioUs (1.). 3 
Avidé, ciipidé : v. EAGERLY, CAREFULLY, 
NICELY. UW. Weth nice care and art 
(rare in this sense): summo artificio, 
summa sollertia: v.INGENIOUSLY. II. 
In a si 7 manner: mirabiliter, 
miro modo, mirandum in modum, mi- 
Tificé : v. WONDERFULLY. 
curl (v.): |. Trans.: 1, crispo, 
1: to c. hair, capillum crispare, Plin. 
Also concrispo in same sense: Vitr. 
Q. torqueo, si, tum, 2 (poet.): to 
c. hair with trons, capillos ferro t., Ov.: 
Vv. TO TWIsT, CoIL. Phr.: to c. hair 
with curling-irons, calamistro crines con- 
vertere, Petr.; vibrare, Arnob. ; ornare 
(strictly to dress it), Varr. [J, In- 
trans.: may often be expr. by adj.: 
as, his hair c.s naturally, *natura coma 
crispa est; a person whose hair c.s, 
homo crispus, cincinnatus, Pl.: v. cURLY. 
Or with pass. (reflect.) of crispo: cf. 
Piin. 29, 4, 26. Of waves, to curl over : 
*se crispare atque procumbere ie 
curl (subs.): 1, cincinnus (an arti- 
ficial c.): Pl.: Cic. Q, cirrus (strictly 
z natural c. or lock: esp. of children) : 
to dedi ate c.s or locls of hair, cirros ad 
Apollinem ponere, Varr. ap. Non.: v. 
Lock. 
curled 1, cilamistratus 
curly-headed § (ith irons): ¢ hair, 
c. coma, Cic.: a c. dancer, c. saltator, 
id. Q. cincinnatus (in ringlets): a 
c. debauchee, c. ganeo, Cic. 8. cir- 
ratus (with curly locks): the school- 
master’s curly-haived troop, c. caterva 
magistri, Mart.: Pers. 4, crispus 
(curly, frizzly-haired) : false, artificial, 
¢. locks, falsi, compositi, c. cincinni, Pl . 
a c.-haired man, homo crispus, cincin- 
natus, id. Capt. 3, 4, 114 (where crispus 
denotes wavy curliness of hair; cincin- 
natus, the wearing of curls). Dimin. 
crispiilus, somehat curly-haired : Mart. : 
Sen. 5, vibratus (=calamistratus) : 
vy. TO curt (1.), CUBLY. 
curlew: (?) sclopax, acis: Plin. 
(*Numenius arquatus, Cycl.) 


curliness: expr. by adj.: as 
remarkable for the c. of their hair, 
*crispo crine insignes: Vv. CURLY. 
curling-iron: 1, calamister, tri, 
m., also trum, tri, n.: Pl.: Cic. 2. 
ferrum, Virg.: v. TO CURL. 
curly: crispus. the more c.-leaved 
mountain maple, acer montanum cris- 
pius, Plin.: lettuce, very c.-leaved, lac- 
tuca crispissimi folii, Col. Dimin. cris- 
pulus, somewhat c., Mart.: v. CURLED. 
curmudgeon : parcipromus ; homo 
Avarus ; sordidus: V. MISER. 
currant: |. The tree: *ribes 
rubrum (the red c.), r. nigrum (the black 
c.), Cycl. (Grossularia, given by ¥., is 
not the currant, but the gooseberry.) 
. The fruit: acinus (applicable 
either to the currant proper or the cur- 
rant of commerce, which is a kind of 
small grape): Plin. 
currency: |, General prevalence: 
expr. with verbs valeo, vigeo, vivo ; 
mano, crebresco, percrébresco (of re- 
ports), etc.: as, other styles of oratory 
have obtained c. (or become current), alia 
quaedam dicendi genera viguerunt, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 23, 94: that particular style 
obtained c., genus illud dicendi studium- 
que vixit, id. l.c.: this philosophical 
system has retained c. down to our 
times, haec in philosophia ratio usque 
ad nostram viguit aetatem, id. N. D. 
I, 5, 11: the report gains c. (becomes 
current) throughout the city, manat tota 
urbe rumor, Liv.: the report having 
gained c., cum percrebuisset rumor, Liv. 
Also sometimes expr. by hdénor: as, 
words which at present have c., quae 
nune sunt in honore vocabula, Hor. 
A. P.41: philosophy wowld never have 
gained such c. in Greece, in Graecia 
tanto in honore philosophia nunquam 
fuisset, Cic. ll. The current coin: 
1, monéta: the old c. gives place to 
the new, concedit prisca m. novae, Ov. F. 
X; 222: Cic.: Vv. COIN, MINT: 9: 
*legitima nota signata pecunia: cf. Hor. 


A. P. 59. ; 
current (adj.):_ ‘|, Generally re- 
ceived : 1, vulgaris, vulgatus: a c. 


opinion, vulgaris opinio, Cic,: the more 
c. report is, vulgatior fama est, Liv.; v. 
comMON. Very c., pervulgatus: Cic. 
9. usitatus (in gen. use): c. words, 
u. vocabula, Cic.: v. ORDINARY. Ss: 
tritus (lit. well-worn): Join: usitatior 
et tritior, Cic. Phr.: to be c., valeo, 
obtineo: v. TO PREVAIL: to become c., 
mano, crébresco, percrébresco (of re- 
ports), mano: v. TO SPREAD, and preced. 
art. (L.). I]. Of coin: perh. praesente 
nota signatus, Hor. A. P. 59: or simply 
legitimus (i. e. lawful, prescribed by 
law): Phr.: to estimate according to 
the price c., consuetudine et annona 
aestimare, Sen. (Q.). 
current (subs.): |, Lit.: of water, 
esp. rivers: 1, Expr. by sécundus, 
adversus (with or against the c.): as, 
to float down the c. of a river, fluvio 
secundo defluere, Virg.: he let his ships 
follow the c. of the tide, naves mari 
secundo misit, Liv. 29, 7: against the 
c., adverso flumine, Virg.: Caes. (Simly, 
prona aqua, prono amni, down the c., 
Virg.) 2. flimen, inis, n. (esp. with 
some word to give precision): to lean in 
the direction of the c., secandum naturam 
fluminis procumbere, Caes. B. G. 4, 17: 
to resist the violence of the c., contra vim 
impetumque fluminis, id. lJ. c.: to stem 
or break the c., vim fluminis excipere, 
ib.: to follow the c., flumini obsequi, 
Cie. $8, Expr. by verb: as, to ¢ell 
the direction of the c., in utram partem 
fluat (Arar) judicare, Caes. Bb. G. 1, 12: 
the c. flows from you to the place where 
I am drinking, a te decurrit ad meos 
haustus liquor, Phaedr. 1,1. Phr.: the 
stronger the c. might be, quo major vis 
aquae se incitavisset, Caes.: to swim 
against the (vapid) c., dirigere brachia 
contra torrentem, Juv. 4, 89; contra 
aquam natare, Sen.: to have @ surpris- 
ingly slow c., incredibili lenitate fluere, 
Caes.: leni agmine fluere, Virg. (poet.). 
I]. Of the sea: — ], aestus, ts (usu. 





of the tides): against the current, in ad- 
versum aestum, Liv. 28, 30. having the 
c. tn his favour (in the Mediterranean), 
aestu secundo, Sall. ap. Gell ro, 26- 
Cic. (v. infr.). 9. frétum (of c.s in 
narrow seas): to be caught ina violent 
c., rapido in f. deprehendi, Liv.: whut 
shall I say of the c.s, of the tides, quid 
de fretis, de marinis aestibus dicam? 
Cic.: carried out to sea by the c., freto 
in oceanum evectus, Liv. 28, 30. Phr.: 
to get into an adverse c., in contrarium 
tractum inecidere, Liv. c. ||]. Of air 
1], afflatus, is: ac. of air from the 

sea, af. maris, af. maritimus, Plin.: Liv.: 
V. BLAST. QQ, aura (air in motion): v. 
BREEZE. Phr.: there is aluays ac. of 
air, semper aér spiritu aliquo movetur, 
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, §: a free c. of air, aéris 
laxitas, Ball there are cs of air in 
different directions, aér effluit huc et 
illuc, Cic, IV. Fig.: of opinion, 
events, etc.: there is an irrevocable cur- 
rent in human affairs, irrevocabilis 
cursus humana vehit, Sen.: v. COURSE 
to resist the c. of opinion, contra opini- 
onem communem pugnare, Cic.: to be 
carried away in the c. of corruption, 
*vitiis quae hoc seculo invaluerunt cor- 
rumpi (Kr.): the c. of public opinion 
has set in in the opposite direction, *in 
contrariam partem convertit se hominum 
studium ac voluntas. 

currently; vulgo: v. comMONLY. 

curricle: currus: v. cHaRioT. (N.B. 
Not curriculum, which is a race.) 

currier: coriarius: Plin.: more 
fully, coriarius subactarius, Inscr. To 
be a c. by trade, *coriariam (sc. artem) 
exercere. 

currish: caninus: c. eloquence, elo- 
quentia c., Appius ap. Quint. 12, 9, 9: 

a 





curry (v.): |. Lit.: to dress 
leather : 1, subigo, égi, actum, 3 
(whence subactarius: v. CUKRIER): Cato. 
2. depso, ui,3: id. |. Fig.: & 
beat, belabour: fuste verbéro, délo: v. 
TO CUDGEL. Ii]. Yo scrape a horse 
with a curry-comb: rado, si, sum, 3 
(with strigile or -i): Col. 6, 31, jfin.: 
v. CURRY-COMB. IV. 7o court favour 
in a@ mean way: se alicnjus in fami- 
liaritatem insinuare, Cic. (but the expr. 
is less offensive than the Eng.): assenta- 
tiuncula quadam aucupari gratiam ali- 
cujus, id. Fam. 5, 12, 3 (precisely cor- 
responding with the Eng., except Im its 
greater elegance). 
curry-comb; strigilis, is, f. (more 
usu. a bath comb): to scrape with ac., 
strigile radere, Col.; strigile subradere 
(scrape gently), Pall. 
curse (v.): |. Trans: 1, ex- 
secror, 1 (the most gen. term: to declare 
accursed, usu. with an imprecation of 
evil): thee they hate, on thee they im- 
precate destruction; thee they c., te 
oderunt, tibi pestem exoptant, te exse- 
crantur, Cic. Also foll. by in and ace. : 
c.ing himself because he had not, elec, 
exsecrans jn se ac suum caput, quod, 
ete., Liv. Join: exsecrari et male 
precari, Cic. 2, détestor, 1 (strictly 
to appeal to the gods as witnesses against 
some one: also sometimes = to depre- 
cate, Cic.): he cd Ambioriz with every 
kind of imprecation, omnibus precibus 
Ambiorigem detestatus est, Caes.: fo ¢. 
the cause and the author of the calamity, 
causam et auctorem cladis d., Tac.: Cv. 
3, déviveo, vovi, yorum, 2 (strictly 
to devote to the infernal yods: V. TO DB- 
VOTE): Theseus c.d his own son, The- 
seus natum suum devovit, Ov.: @ cd 
tree, devota arbos, Hor.: to c. one’s own 
arts, suas artes d., Ov. 4, Expr. 
by subs. imprecatio, dirae, etc., and 
various verbs: v. foll. art. jj. In- 
trans.: to use imprecations: *impre- 
catione, exsecratione uti, impia precari, 
impias jactare voces. 
curse (subs.): |, Theact or words: 
1, exsecratio (cf. verb): to bind 
any one under a c., aliquem exsecri- 
tione devincire (foll. hy acc. and in/.), 
Cic.: simly, exsecrationibus adigere 
[ac.: to assail any one with fearful c s 


177 


CURSED 


cusSTODY 


Cur 





um 


diris ex. incessere aliquem, Suet.: also 
dos precari in exsecrationem alicujus, 
Vell. 2. imprécatio, préces: v. IM- 
PRECATION. 3, dirae, arum (only in 
pl.: prob. with voces understood): to 
imprecate c.s on any one, d. alicui im- 
precari, precari, Flin.: Tac,: also, diris 
agere aliquem, Hor. (N.B. Not détes- 
tatio, which is a formal ceremony so- 
lemnized with curses: cf. Liv. 10, 28, 
ad fin., where detestatio and exsecratio 
occur in close connexion.) —fJ, Abstract 
for concr. : = bane, plague: pestis, furia, 
pemiicies : Cic.: v. PLAGUE, PEST. 

cursed (as adj.) : sacer, exsecrabilis, 
etc.: v. ACCURSED. Phr.: a ec. tree 
(falling on the head of the poet), devota 
arbor, triste lignum, Hor. 

cursing (subs.): expr. by verb: 
vy. TO CURSE. Also with pl. of subs. 
under cuRSE: as, abstain from c., *ex- 
secrationes fuge. 

cursorily: i. e. briefly and super- 
Jicially : 1, strictim~ these things, 
now said c., will be made more clear 
below, haec nunc s. (glancing over the 
subject) dicta, apertiora fient intra, 
Varr.: to speak c.. s. dicere, Cic. Dy 
summatim (dealing only with the 
heads of a subject): to touch upon 
anything c., aliquid s. attingere, Quint. : 
Cic. : Vv. SUMMARILY. 3. bréviter: v. 
BRIEFLY. Join: breviter strictimque, 
Uic.: breviter ac summatim, Varr. 
Phr.: to touch upon a subject c., per- 
stringere, Cic.: v. TO GLANCE AT: also 
sometimes percurrere, transcurrere, esp. 
of reading through hastily or c., Quint. : 
V. 70 RUN THROUGH. 

cursory : expr. with adv. : as, ¢c. re- 
murks, strictim dicta, etc. : v. preced. art. 

curst (adj.): i. e. shrewish : ik 
mordax, Hor.: Phaedr.: v. SNAKLING. 

Q2. importiinus: a c. shrew of a 

wife, uxor imp. atque incommoda, Pl. 
As. I, I, 48. 

curt (adj.): i.e. short to excess; only 
of language : 1, abruptus: Quint. : 


V. ABRUPT. 9. perh adstrictus: cf. 
Cic. Br. 25, init. 3. brévis, brévior : 
Vv. BRIEF. 


curtness: abruptum loquendi genus, 
Quint. (of Sallust); *sermo nimis brevis 
atque concisus: Vv. CONCISENESS. 
curtail: |. Lit.: tocut offapart: 
décurto, praecido, mUtilo: v. TO MU- 
TILATE, SHORTEN, CUT OFF. ll. Fig.: 
(much more freq. in this sense). TO 
LIMIT, DIMINISH : 1, arto or arcto, 1 
(to bring within narrower limits) : for- 
tune moulds and e¢.s the fortunes of 
men, fortuna humana fingit a.que, PIL. : 
um revards and in honours everything 
was c.’d, in praemiis, in honoribus omnia 
artata, Liv.: toc. oneself, i.e. one’s ex- 
penses artare se, Ulp. 2, céarto, 1 (in 
same sense): Cic., who uses it of curtail- 
ing or compressing in speech: Liv. 3. 
imminuo, minuo, 3: v. TO DIMINISH. 
Phr.: to c. the honour due to a c’ass, 
detrahere honorem debitum ordini, Cic. : 
to c. the advantages of a city, commoda 
urbis mutilare, Cod. Just.: to c. ambi- 
tious ornaments, ornamenta ambitiosa 
recidere, Hor.: circumcidere, (uint. 
Join: circumcidere et amputare (mul- 
titudinem sententiarum), Cic. 
curtain: |. As furniture gene- 
rally: 1, aulaeum (rare in sing.: 
usu. of a splendid Icind; as in palaces, 
etc.): cs (for a couch) gleaming with 
urple and gold, a. purpura auroque 
fulgentia, Curt.: Virg.: Hor. 9. 
ligula (for beds, Litters, and the like) : 
ER Suet. 3. velum: to draw cs 
[backwards or forwards }, vela obducere, 
reducere, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21: hanging 
cs, pendentia v., Juv. Also in sing., 
(my wife) separated from me only by a 
c., discreta velo, Plin. Ep. 4,19, 3. Adj. 
vélaris, e: Plin. ||. In a theatre: 
j, aulaeum (in this sense, either 
sung. or pl.): the c. rises, a. tollitur, 
Cic.; subducitur, Apul.: the c. fills, a. 
premuntur, Hor. ; mittuntur, Phaedr. 
(but with the ancients the curtain was 
drawn up from leo»; so that the above 
expressions have the opposite meaning 
178 





in Latin). 9. siparium (the drop- 
scene: cf. Apul. to, ad fin, “aulaeo 
subducto et complicitis sipariis:’” in 
which sense aulueum appears also to 
be used, cf. Ov. 3, 111): Cic.: Juv. 
(N.B, Never velum in this sense: v. 
AWNING.) II. In fortification ; perh. 
*murus intergerivus: cf. Plin. 35, 14, 49. 
curtained (pa’t. adj.): vélatus: v. 
VEILED. ; 
curtain-lecture: *increpatio ux- 
oria in cubiculo habita. 
curtly ; bréviter: v. BRIsFLY. More 
precisely, breviter atque abrupte: v. 
ABRUPTLY. 
curule: cirilis, e: the c. chair, sella 
c., Auson.; c. ebur, Hor. 
curvature; curvatiira: Plin.: Vitr.: 
v. CURVE. 
curve (subs.): 1, sinus, is (strictly 
a recess): wide c.s (of a coast), lati s., 
Tac. Ger. 1: to whirl a javelin round 
in a larger c., majore s, spiculum rotare, 
Liv. 42, 65. 9. flexus, Us: V- BEND. 
3, curvatiira (i.e. the thing curved) : 
Ov.: Plin. 4, curvamen, inis, 7. : 
with a gentle c., molli c., Plin. 5. an- 
fractus, Us: V. WINDING. 
curve (v.): curvo, incurvo, flecto, 
etc.: V. TO BEND, and foll. art. 
curved (adj.): ], curvatus: cor- 
puscles smooth, rough, curved, hooked, 
corpora levia, aspera, c., adunca, Cic.: 
Plin. Also incurvatus in same sense 
(rare): Cic. 2. curvus (poet.): the 
c. plough, c. aratrum, Lucr.: ¢. claws, 
ungues c., Hor.: ¢. or winding shores, 
c. litora, Cat. §, incurvus (= curvus: 
less freq.): Lucr.: Virg. (Less fre- 
quent, procurvus, strictly curved for- 
wards, Virg.) 4, sinudsus (with 
recesses or hollows: V. CURVE): ac. bow, 
s. arcus, Ov.: leaves c. at the sides, folia 
sinuosa lateribus, Plin. 5, pandus 
(strictly opening owt, from pando): c. 
horns (of heifers), p. cornua, Ov.: c. 
keels, p. carinae, Virg.: @ c. beak, p 
rostrum, Ov. 6, falcatus (of the 
shape of a sickle): a c. tail, cauda f., 
Plin.: Sil. (But Liv. and earlier writers 
use the word in sense of furnished or 
armed with a sickle or scythe.) N.B. 
Uncus, aduncus, signify not curved but 
hooked: q. V. 
curvet (v.): perh. insulto, £: they 
taught the stved to c. in armour upon 
the ground, equitem docuere sub armis 
insultare solo, Virg. 
curvetting (subs.) : saltus, us: 7. e. 
LEAP (q. V.). 
curvilinear: *(ficura) quae cnrvata 
linea s. curvatis lineis continetur: or 
perh. simply curvata: v. CURVED. 
cushat: pilumba ; v. WOOD-PIGEON. 
cushion (svbs.): 1, pulvinus (gen. 
term): ac. stuffed with roses (for sitting 
upon), p. rosa fartus, Cic.: Pl. Dimin. 
pulvillus; az-c.s, pulvilli ventose tu- 
mentes, Apul. Q. pulvinar (usu. of 
the sacred couches used in lectisternia : 
also sometimes a c. for the head, a pil- 
low): Sen.: Petr. ‘Che form pulvina- 
rium also occurs, but only for a sacred 
couch. 8, s diilaria, orum (of a car- 
riage): Paul. Dig. (N.B. Not culcita, 
which is a mattrass or bed: q. Vv.) 
cushioned: |. Seated on acushion: 
pulvinatus: Plin. (who uses the word 
of things cased in a soft covering: cl. 
id. 15, 22, 24). Or, expr. with verb, in 
pulvino sedens: v. subs. II. Fuar- 
nuished with cushions: *pulvillis in- 
structus: ac. couch, pulvinar: v. COUCH. 
cusp: perh. apex, icis, m. (the highest 
point of a thing): or as archit. 6 6. 
cuspis, idis, f.: Vv. POINT. 
cuspated: cuspidatus, aciiminatus: 
Vv. POINTED. 
custard: no word known: (?) cremor 
de ovis et lacte compositus. 
custodian: curator, praefectus: v. 
CURATOR. 
custody: |. Keeping, guarding : 
custédia, titéla, praesidium: v. GUARD. 
I]. Confinement, imprisonment : 
vinciila, orum (lit. chains), carcer (prt- 
son): © IMPRISONMENT. Phr.: fre c. 
(the mildest furm of confinement), libera 














| custodia, Liv.: Sall. (who has the pl. in 


liberis custodiis, where several persons 
are concerned: Cat. 47). 
custom: |. Frequent or habitual 
using and doing: 1. consuétii lo, 
inis, f.: it is not my c., non est meae c., 
Cic.: to adhere to or fol‘ouw c., c. tenere, 
uti, id.; uccording to one’s c., ex C., 
Caes.; pro (sua) c¢., Cic. 2, assuétiido 
(the accustoming to something): long 
c., longa a., Ov.: whether by nature or 
by c., seu natura, sive assuetudine, Tac, 
3. mos, moris, m.: v. infr. (IL.). 
4, instititum (regular custom or 
practice): Join: consuetwlo et insti- 
tutum meum, Cic : v. HABIT, PRACTICE. 
I]. An usage; esp. of a nation: 
, mos: according to the c. und 
precedent of the Roman people, m. et 
exemplo populi Romani, Caes.: to obey 
c. and law, mori legique parere, Cic. : 
as was the c. of the kings of Bithynia, 
ut mos fuit regibus Bithyniae, Cic.: 7 
is the c. of men to be unwilling, etc., 
mos est hominum ut nolint, Cic.: ae- 
cording to the c. of their ancestors, more 
majorum, id.: away with the barbarous 
c., tollite barbarum m., Hor. 2. con- 
suétido: the inhwman and barbarous 
c. of offering human sacrifices, immanis 
et barbara c. hominum immolandorum, 
Cic.: according to the c. of the Greeks, 
ad c, Graecorum, Cic.: contrary to usage 
and c., praeter morem c.que, Cic. (N.B. 
Mos refers esp. to national customs, 
and thus usu. denotes something more 
general and permanent than consuetudo: 
Vv. HABIT.) 3. instititum (an esta- 
blished c.): they differ in language, 
c.s, and laws, lingua, institutis, legibus 
inter se differunt, Caes.: v. PRACTICE 
and supr. (4). 4, ritus, Us (prop. of 
religious customs; hence used gene- 
rally): to per/orm sacred rites after the 
Greek c., Graeco r. sacra facere, Liv.: v. 
rite. Esp. in abl. ritu, after the c. or 
manner of: V. LIKE. Hence adv. rite, 
according to (regular and proper) c., 
Hor.: Cic.: v. DULY. 5, sollehne, is, 
n.: a ceremony (q. v.). I, Business, 
buying and selling: expr. with pbr. 
to have a great deal of c., *cum multie 
vendendi consuetudinem habere; *as- 
siduam mercationem exercere ; *multa 
multis vendere : to give any one your c., 
*ab aliquo omnia quibus indigeas emere : 
to lose c., *minore ementium frequentia 
celebrari. IV, 4 duty, tmpost : por- 
torium, vectigal: v. DUES, TAX. 
custom-house: 1, portorium: 
Gloss. 9, télonium or -eum (Gr. 
Tedwvecov): Tert. (ustom-h. ofjicer, por- 
titor, Ter.: Cic.; also télOnarius, Impp. 
Cod. 
customary : 1, tralaticius or 
translaticius (usual under given cir- 
cumstances): ac. (form of) edict, edic- 
tum tr., Cic.: Gell.: afier (their) c. 
manner, more tr., Phaedr.: i is ac, 
thing, tralaticium est, Cic.: Plin. 24, 
lsitatus: v. USUAL, ORDINARY. 3: 
consnéins (more usu. of persons accus- 
tomed to something): thee. ending of a 
letter, (vale!), ¢. finis, Ov.: Sall.: v. 
wontreD. Simly, assuétus (=consue- 
tus: Vv. ACCUSTOMED): c. food a. cibus, 
Cels.: Phaedr.: Vell. 4, sdlitus: v. 
WONTED. 5, sotlennis, e (regularly 
recurring): Virg.: Hor.: Vv. REGULAR. 
Phr.: it is c., mos ov moris est: Vv. 
custom: as is ¢., ut assulet. Cic.; also 
quae assolent, Pl.: to become ¢., in 
morem venire, Liv.; to vende, anything 
c., aliquid in’‘morem perducere, Cic.: v. 
USUAL: also TO ACCUSTOM. 
customer: e¢myxtor: Vv. BUYER. 
Phr.: an ugly c. (collog.): (?) impor- 
tunum negotium (like Cic’s Teucris 
illa lentum negotium, Att. 1, 13. fin.). 
cut (.): |. With an edged in- 
strument (in gen. sense) : 1, caedo, 
cécidi, caesum, 3 (to hew, cut down, as 
timber; also to scourge, to Iill: q. v.): 
to c. ot hew out wine (frozen) with 
axes, vina securibus c., irg.: Vv. TO 
HEW. 2. ~éco, ui, ctum, 13; fut. part. 
secaturus (the best representative of 
the Eng. word; lo cut or carve with @ 


—, 


tes) 





CUT ASUNDER 


CUT THROUGH 





knife; thus marmora caedere is to hew 
marble; marmora secare, to carve it): 
to c. carcasses up into slices, tergora in 
frusta s., Virg.(v. TOCARVE): lo c. a 
whetstone with a razor, cotem novacula 
s., Flor. Esp. of cutting for surgical pur- 
poses: Cic.: Vv. TO AMPUTATE, OPERATE. 

8. scindo, scidi, scissum, 3 (to 
rend; also to divide: q. v.): to c. up 
or carve birds, aves in frusta s., Sen. : 
V. TO CLEAVE, TEAR. Phr.: to c. one’s 
long hair, comas longas recidere, capil- 
los (or capillum) secare, Sen.: not to c. 
one's hair, capillum promittere, capillo 
promisso esse, Caes.: to c. one's nails, 
ungues recidere, Plin.; praecidere, Hor. : 
to c. the teeth (said of infants), dentire, 
Plin.; to c. wood, lignari (for fires), ma- 
teriari (for timber), Caes.: to c. any- 
body's throat, jugulum perfodere, Tac. (v. 
THROAT): lo c. the sinews of the com- 
monwealth, reipublicae nervos exsecare, 
Cic. Il. Zo cut in two, divide: 1 
séco, 1 (esp. fig.). to c. the air with 
wings (as a bird), aéra pennis s., Ov.: 
Virg.: V.TO DIVIDE, CLEAVE. Q, scindo, 
3: Y. TOCLEAVE. 3, incido, di, sum, 3 
(v. cuT mnTO): toc. acable, funem in., 
Virg.: toc. athread, linumin.,Cic. 4, 
intercido, di, sum, 3 (Vv. CUT ASUNDER): 
to c. a bridge in two, pontem int., 
Caes.. Plin. Phr.: to c. water-pipes, 
cut off the supply of water, fistulas prae- 
cidere,Cic.: v.TOCUTOFF. ||], In hus- 
bandry ; to mow or reap: 1, succido, 
3: toc. corn, frumenta s., Caes.: Liv.: 
Virg. 2. méto, déméto, messui, mes- 
sum, 3: V.TOREAP, MOW. 3. séco,1: 
to c. green meat for cattle, pubentes 
herbas s., Virg.: to c. fodder, pabulum 
s., Cues. (Not used of cutting crops of 
corn). 4, déséco, 1: of crops, Liv. 

5, caedo, 3: to c. a crop of hay, 
foenum c., Col. 6. déséco, 1: v. 
CUT DOWN. IV, Collog.: to cut ca- 
pers, motus incompositos dare, Virg. 
G. 1, 350: toc. a figure (in good sense), 
@émineo, 2: Vv. DISTINGUISHED (be): fo ec. 
a fine,a poor figure, *pulchras, turpes 
partes habere, sustinere: Vv. FIGURE. 

V. To refuse to recognise: Phr.: 
toc. a friend when he is in trouble, af- 
flictum aversari amicum, Ov. Pont. 2, 
3, 5; amicum abjicere, ib. 37 (but the 
expr. are less colloquial than the Eng.) : 
see also TO IGNORE, AVOID. 

cut asunder: 1, intercido, 3: v. 
preced. art. (1L.). 9. disséco, 1: toc. 
men asunder with a saw, medios ho- 
mines serra d., Suet. 

—— away: 1, abscido, abscindo, 
vV.TOCUTOFF. Q, récido, 3: toc.away 
an incurable wound or sove, immedica- 
bile vulnus enser., Ov. Fig.: toc.avay 
ambitious ornament, ambitiosa orna- 
menta r., Hor 8. circumcido, 3: 
Fig.: to cut away what is redundant 
(in oratory), ¢. si quid redundabit, 
Quint. : Cic. 4, ampiito: v TOAM- 
PUTATE, CUT OFF. 

own: {. Lit.- 1, caedo, 
excido, 3 (of timber): v. TO FELL. OF 
méio, déméto: vy. TO REAP, MOW. Il. 
To slay with a sword: obtrunco, 13 oc- 
cido, 3: V. TO SLAY. Wl. Fig.: to 
reduce, curtail: Phr.: to c. down 
one’s superfluous expenditure, omnem 
supervacaneam impensam circumcidere, 
cf. Phaedr. 4, 20, jfin.: to c. down the 
estimates, *sumptus aestimatos artare: 
v. TO CURTAIL. 

—— in pieces: V. CUT TO PIECES, 
into: 1. accido, 3 (to c. 
partially, not quite through), arbores 
ac., Caes. 9. incido, 3: to c. into a 
vein, venam in., Plin. 3. inséco, 1: 
to c. into @ corpse, corpus mortui ins., 
Plin.: to c. into honey-combs, favos ins., 
Col. 

—— off: ie anlite): 1. prae- 
cido, 3 (strictly to c. off the end of some- 
thing): to c. off any one’s tongue, lin- 
guam alicui p., Pl.: toc. off the hands, 
manus p., Hirt. : to ¢. off any one's head, 
ears, nose, alicujus caput, aures, nasum 
p., Petr.: Just.: to c. off (the end of)a 
whetstone, cotem p., Cic.: cf. TO CUT 
CI., fin.). 2 abscido, 3 (rare, and 





often confused with abscindo in MSS.) ; 
toc. off a head, caput a., Virg.; with 
the right hand c. off, abscisi dextra, 
Suet. Fig.: to c. off hope, spem a., 
Liv. 8, abscindo, scidi, scissum, 3 
(to c. or tear forcibly away): cng 
away shoots from the parent trunk, 
plantas abscindens de corpore matrum, 
Virg.: Verxes cut off Athos from the 
mainland, Xerxes Athon continenti ab 
scidit, Plin.: Hor. 





4, ampito, 1: to!} 


c. off a (dead) man’s head, caput a, | 


Suet.: to c. off a person’s hand, alicui 
manus a., id. 5, décido, 3 (less freq.) : 


to c. off (clip) wings, pennas d., Hor. : | 


Tac. 6. déséco, I: 
crines d., Ov.: ears c. off, aures desectae, 
Caes. 7, Yrécido, 3: Vv. CUT AWAY. 
Phr.: to c. off a man’s head, alicujus 
collum secare, Q. Cic.; caput ense de- 
metere, Hor.: Ov.; caput detruncare, 
Oy. (also detrunco with ace. of person : 
Val. FI.). |]. Zo destroy completely 
or suddenly : 1, exstinguo, nxi, 
netum, 3: to be c. off the sooner, ma- 
turius exstingui, Cic.; in the prime of 
life, primo exstingui in aevo, Ov.: he 
was c. off by disease, eum morbo fortuna 
extinxit, Liv. occtipo, 1 (with 
suddenness): being off his guard he 
(Caesar) was c. off by ungrateful men, 
incautus ab ingratis occupatus est, Vell. 

3. périmo, intérimo : v. TO DESTROY 

4. (in pass.) : péreo, intéreo, 4, tr. : 
the whole army would be c. off, totum 
exercitum periturum, Nep.: Liv.: to be 
c. off by disease, morbo perire, Hirt.: v. 
PERISH. See also TO EXTIRPATE, EXTER- 
MINATE, I. Zo intercept, cut off 
communication : 1, intercludo, si, 
sum, 3 (with acc. and dat.; or acc, and 
abl.): to c. off the enemies’ supplies, 
inimicis commeatum int., Pl.; [hostes} 
commeatibus int., Caes. (the abl. is 
usual in this sense): also with prep. a 
commeatu omni adversarios int., Caes. : 
Liv. 9, excliido, 3 (with acc. and 
abl.): toc. any one off from (joining) 
another, aliquem ab aliquo ex., Pomp. 
ap. Cic.: toc. off any one’s return, ali- 
quem reditu ex., Nep.: Caes. 3: 
(less freq.): claudo, 3: to c. off the 
enemies’ retreat, hostibus fugam c., Liv. 

4, prohibeo, 2: v. TO PREVENT, KEEP 
OFF. 

cut open: inséco, incido: v. TO cuT 
INTO. (But usu. aperire with or with- 
out ferro will expr. the meaning more 
precisely : v. TO CUT THROUGH.) 

—— out: |. Zo remove with a 
cutting instrument : 1, exséco, t: to 
c. out the bottom of a chest, armarii fun- 
dum ex., Cic.: Col 9, excido, 3: to 
c. out any one’s tongue, alicui linguam 
ex., Crass, ap. Cic.: to ¢. (or hew) out 
columns from the rocks, columnas rupibus 
ex., Virg. See also TO CASTRATE. (For 
syn. see simple verb.) Il. To shape 
by cutting: *secando formare: or 
simply caedere: thus Quint. has toga 
rotunda et apte caesa, i. e. well cut 
out: 11, 3, 139. (N.B. Not secare, 
which would be to cut when made: nor 
formare, which isto mould.) ||], Vulg. 
and only in p. part.: cut out for, i.e. 
adapted jor: natus, aptus: v. FIT, 
MADE. 

—— short: |. To abridge: iI; 
praecido, 3: toc. short (the greater part 
of) the defence, magnam partem defen- 
sionis p., Cic.: the consideration of time 
(i. e. of the shortness of time) c.s short 
delay, temporis (al. mortis) ratio cunc- 
tationem p., Plin. Ep. 9, 1, fim. Ksp. as 
intrans., toc. the matter short, (brevi) 
p., ‘Cic. 9. irtercido, 3: to c. short 
the intervening circumstances, media 
int., Cic. 8, ampiito, 1: toc. narra- 
tions short, narrationes a., Cic.: they re- 
commend him to c.short delays (* tomake 
short work of it”), amputari moras 
jubent, Just. 27, 4 (for which Virg. has 
rumpere moras, G. 3, 43, etc.): Vv. also 
TO CUT AWAY, CURTAIL, COMPRESS. Il. 
To stop another abruptly, obtoquor, in- 
terpello: v. TO INTERRUPT. 

— through: |. Lit: topart 
asunder by cutting: intercido, disséco : 


to c. off harrs, | 








GUTTING 





Vv. CUT ASUNDER: perforo, perfédio ; v. 
PIERCE. (N.B. Not perseco, which is ta 
cut out thoroughly, toextirpate.) Phr.; 
the beasts c. through the snow (with 
their hoofs), jumenta secabant, Liv. ; 
more fully, penitus perfringebant,. id, 
21, 36. []. Of troops: to make a way 
through enemies vith the sword: 1, 
perrumpo, rapi, ruptum, 3: toc, a way 
through the midst of the enemy, per 
medios hostes p., Caes.; also with ace, 
withont prep., id.: Liv. 2. Expr. 
with ferro: he c. a way through the 
armed men, inter armatos viam ferro 
patefecit, Tac. : simly, ferro iter aperire, 
Sall.; viam ferro aperire, invenire, Tac, : 
Vv. BREAK THROUGH. 
cut to cr in pieces: |, Lit.: 
1. concido, 3: toc. into small pieces, 
minute c., Col.; also c. in partes, Petr. 
2. conséco, 1: toc. in small pieces, 
minutatim c., Varr.: Cato: Ov (N.B. 
Not conscindo, which is to tear in 
pieces.) 8. Expr. by circuml.: as, 
in frusta secare, Virg. A. 1, 212. ll 
Fig.: of troops destroyed in fighting 
triicido ; intérimo, périmo: v TO SLAUGH- 
TER, DESTROY. In pass., péreo, 4, irr.: 
Vv. TO CUT OF¥. 
——up: Il. Lit.: toc.in pieces: 
v. preced. art., also to DISSECT, CARVE. 
. Figs: to handle severely io 
writing or otherwise : 1, concido, 3 
(to pull to pieces, assail with force and 
vehemence): Cic. Or. 3, 1, fin.: N.D. 1, 
33, fin. (though in the latier place some 
read consciderit, from conscindo). 2. 
invéhor (with in and acec.): ¥. TO IN- 
VEIGH AGAINST, ASSAIL, 
cut (part. adj.): sectilis, e: Ov.- 
Hor. 


cut (subs.) ; |. An incision : ; 
caesa: once in Veg., who used the word 
by way of distinction from puncta, a 
stab: Mil. 1, 12. 9. incisio, incisiira: 
v. Incision. Phr.: to aim stabs at an 
enemy rather than c.s, punctim magis 
quam caesim petere hostem, Liv.: Veg. 
II. A blow of any kind: ictus, 
vulnus, plaga : v. BLOW, STROKE, WOUND. 
Il]. Of roads: @ short c.: via compen- 
diaria, Cic.; compendiarium (sc. iter): 
Sen. Sometimes trames may do: v. 
CROSS-ROAD. |VY, An engraving: q. Vv. 
cutaneous: expr. by gen. of cutis: 
as, ac. malady, cutis vitium, Plin. 
cuticle: ciitis, cuticiila: v. skm. 
cutlas: ensis, glidius: v. sworp. 
cutler: cultrarius: Inser. 
cutlery: |. The business: *cul- 
traria: v. CUTLER. The wares 
themselves : *cultri ac ferramenta cujus- 
cunque generis. 
cutlet: (?) offa, frustum: v. SLICE, 
CHOP. 
cutpurse : 
Tert. 2, sacctilarius, Ulp. 
tor lorarius, Pl. 
cutter: |. Onewho cuts: sector: 
ac. of hay, feni s., Col. Il. A front 
tooth: dens praecisor, Isid.: v. mNcIsoR. 
II]. A vessel: perh. célox, dcis, 7. : 
Liv. 
cut-throat : ], sector collorum : 
Cic. 9, sicarius: Cic.: v. MURDERER. 
cutting (adj.): |. Lit.: which 
cuts as a knife: acitus: v. SHARP 
. Of wind or air: Phr.: the 
wind, the cold is c., mordet os ventus, fri. 
gus, cf. Hor. S. 2, 6, 45. ll. Fig. 
biting, severe: mordax, acis: to wound 
the eur with c. truth, aures mordaci Trax 
dere vero, Pers.: Hor. 


cutting (subs.): |, Theact: 1, 
sectio: c. and dtviding, s. et partitio 


1, manticildrius : 
3, sec- 


Gell. Esp. medical: Plin. . SC 
tira (rare): of precious stones, Piin.+ 
Varr. 3, caesira: of trees, Plin. 


4, caesio (=caesura, supr.; but 
rare): Col. 5, ampiitatio: v. PRUN- 
ING. 6. consectio (c. ta pieces): Cic. 

7, exsectio (c. out): Cie, (Or 
expr. by ger. etc. of verb: v. TO CUT.) 

Il. That which is cut, esp. from 
trees or plants : 1, ampiitatio: Plin 

9, talea (for planting): Cato: 
Col. Dimin. taledla, Col. 8, clava 
clavéla (a thicker kind): Varr.: Col, 

179 


CUTTLE- FISH 


II]. 4n excavation: fossa (appli- 
eable to any place from which earth has 
been dug): Vv. TRENCH. 


cuttle-fish: 1, loligo, inis, 7. : 
Cic.: Hor.. Plin. 2. sépia, Cic. 
Plin- 


cut-water: fore-part of a ship's 
prow: rostrum, prora: v. BEAK, PROW. 

cycle: orbis, is, m.: v. CIRCLE. © 

cyclic: cyclicus: the c. poet, scriptor 
c., Hor. 

ecyenet: *(pullus) dlorinus. 

eylinder: cylindrus. Cic. 

cylindrical: cylindratus: Plin. 

cymbal: |. cymbalum. Cic. : 
Virg. 2. (poet.): aes, aeris, n. (lit. 
copper): esp. in pl.: Hor. (N.B. Not 
crotalum, which signifies a kind of rat- 
tling stick.) 

cynic (adj. and subs.) : Cynicus: the 
snarling C., mordax C.. Hor.: Cic. 

cynical: i.e. misanthropic: perh. 
mordax: cf. Hor. S. 1, 4, 93, where he 
joins lividus et mordax (v. SNARLING): 
or, difficilis atque inhumanus, ef. Cic. 
Cato Maj. 3. (N.B. Cynicus is not class. 
in this sense.) 

cynically: 
acerbé, Plaut. 

cynicism: diritia, importiinitas, in- 
himanitas: v. CHURLISHNESS, HARSH- 
NESS. 

eynosure: cyndsiira Poet. ap. Cic.: 

ve 

cypress: cupressus, i, f. (abl. some- 
times in u): the gloomy c., atra, feralis 
ce. Virg.; funebris, invisa, Hor. Ady. 
cupressinus, cupresseus: statues made 
of c.-wood, cupressea sigua, Liv.: @ 
grove of c.-trees, cupressétum, Cato- 
Cic. : c.-bearing, cipressifer : Ov. 


cynicé: mordaciter : 


D. 


AB (v.): nearest word perh. illido, 
3: V. TO DASH ON. 

dab (s.) |. A small lump of any- 
thing soft or moist: massiila, Col.: a d. 
of mud, blattea, Fest. Il. 4 slap, or 
pat, cdliphus, alapa: v. BLOW. WI. 
An adept (vulg.): v. EXPERT. IV. 
A small flat fish : (2) passer, Gris, m., 
Plin. 

dabble (v.): A. Trans.: to be- 
spatter, oblino, aspergo: v. BESMEAR, 
BESPATTER. B, Intrans.: |. To 
move or play in water or mud: in aqua, 
luto ludere, cf. Virg. G. 1, 363. (In luto 
volutari, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, is to wal- 
low in the mire.) IJ. Zo do anything 
but slightly or superficially: attingo, 
tigi, tactum, 3 (less colloq. than the 
Eng.): fo d. in Greelc literature, Graecas 
literas leviter at., Cic.: v. foll. art. 

dabbler: i.e. one who knows little 
of a subject: Phr.: to be a d. in 
physics. primis, ut dicitur, labris gustare 
physiologiam, Cic.: sometimes perh. 
ididta (Gr. tdtaTys, one who dors a thing 
unprofesstonally or not at all): com- 
pared with Porson these men are d.s, 
*isti ad Porsonum meri idiotae sunt. 

dabchick;; fiilica, Cic.: Virg. 

dabster : homo ad aliquam rem cal- 
lidus; Vv. CLEVER. 

dace: Cyprinus leuciscus, Plin. 

dactyl: dactylus, Cic.: antidactyl 
(d. reversed), antidactylus pes, Mar. : 
Vict. 

dactylic: dactylicus: d. metre, nu- 
merus d., Cic. 

dad papa (“ vox infantiam cibum 

daddy § petentium,” Varr.). 

dado: 1, Base of column: qua- 
dra, Vitr. 2. Shaft of column: 
truncus, Vitr. 

daedal: i. e. various, richly wrought 


Virg.: the d. earth, d. tellus, Lucr. 
daffodil : ], asphédélus: Plin. 


cissus pseudo-narcissus : Cycl.) 
dagger: 1, pugio, onis, m.: to 
struck at with drawn d.s, strictis p. 
peti, Suet.: to stab with a d., pugione 
180 





DAM 


DAMAGE 





ferire, Hirt.: Sulp. ap. Cic.; fodére, 
Tac. Dimin. pugiunculus, Cic. 3). 
Sica (pfob. a cutting as well as a stab- 
bing weapon, and worn secretly : where- 
as the pugio was worn by officers in the 
army: Fest.): to plunge a d. into, s. 
defigere in corpore alicujus, Cic.; latus 
sica confodere, Cic.: to draw ad.on a 
person, s. distringere in aliquem, Cic.: 
to wrest ad. from @ person, sicam ali- 
cui de manibus extorquere, Cic. oe 
stibalare telum (lit. a weapon carrved 
under the arm): Nep. Alc. fo, 5. 4. 
novacua (strictly a razor: also used in 
gen. sense): Mart. Phr.: they are at 
d.s drawn, capitali odio inter se dissi- 
dent, Cic.: to look d.s at a person, truces 
oculos intendere in aliquemn, Plin.: to 
speak d.s, contumelias intorquere, Cic. : 
to “run ad.” into any one, i.e. to an- 
noy, irére: Vv. TO GALL. 

daily (adj.): 1, diurnus: d. pay, 
merces d., Hor.: d. bread, cibus d., Liv. - 
he receives a d. dole (i, e. he is a slave), 
diurnum accipit, Sen.: d. transactions, 
acta d., Suet.: d. register or journal, 
diurna actorum scriptura, or diurna, 
orum, n. pl., Tac.: also neut. sing., 
Juv. 2. quétidianns (quotid., Cat. ; 
quotid., Mart.: happening every day, 
ordinary): d. conversation, sermo q, 
Cic.: d. practice, q. usus, Caes.: Cic. 

daily (adv.) : 1, quotidie or céti- 
die (of that which recurs from day to 
day ; whereas in dies [singulos] denotes 
daily increase or decrease): ‘Ter.. Cic. 
The form quotidio is given in Charis., 
and quotidiano in Plin. 2, in dies: 
cf. Cic. Att. 5, 7: ‘“quotidie vel potius 
in dies singulos breviores literas ad te 
mitto:”’ also without singulos, id.: 
Vell. Phr.: d. and nightly, nocte die- 
que, Mart. ; singulis diebus et noctibus, 
Cic.; also diem et noctem, Cic.; noctes 
ac dies, Cic. 

daintily.: fastididsé: v. FASTIDI- 
OUSLY. 

daintiness : 


not touch fish except on the same day on 
which it is caught, tantum in illis est f. 
ut nolint attingere nisi eodem die cap- 
tum piscem, Sen. 2. ciipédia ( fond- 
ness for dainties): Cic.: v. GLUTTONY. 
|], In gen. sense, of manners, ete. : 
fastidium or pl. fastidia : v. FASTIDIOUS- 
NESS, 
dainty (adj.): |, As quality of 
persons : fastidiosus, delicatus, élégans : 
V. FASTIDIOUS, NICE. I]. Of things ; 
esp. food: ], délicatus: v. DELICATE. 
2. lautus: v. FINE, SUMPTUOUS. 
3. exqnisitus (rare, recherché): d. 
viands, ex. epulae, Plin.: v. CHOICE 
See also foll. art. 
dainty (swbs.): more usu. in pl. : 
1, cupédia, orum and cupediae, 
arum: J care not for d.s, nil moror cu- 
pedia, Pl.: more fully, cupediae cibor- 
um, Gell. 2. sapores (i. e. choice 
Jlavours: not so used in sing.):; Plin. 
Phr.: the sturgeon was reyarded asa 
great d., nobilissimus habitus acipenser, 
Plin.: mullets ave regarded as a great 
d., gratia Maxima est mullis, id.: to 
search the world over for d.s, vescendi 
oe terra marique omnia exquirere, 
Sall. 
dairy; *cella lactaria (after the ana- 
logy of c. penaria, vinaria, etc.). 
dairy-maid: ‘*lactaria: v. sq. 
dairy-man:: lactarius: Cels. 
daisy : bellis, idis, /.: (*Bellis pe- 
rennis, Withering). 
dalliance: 1. lisus, us: years 
suited Jor d., apti lusibus anni, Ov. 
2, ludus: youthful d., aetatis 1., 
Liv.: Hor.: to indulge in d., ludere, 
Hor. : Cat. 
dally: |. To delay: morari ; mo- 
ras nectere, etc.: Vv. TO HESITATE. 
Phr.: todelude and d. with any one, 
aliquem lactare et falsa spe producere, 
Mer: Il. Yo toy with: amplexari at- 
que osculari [inter se], Pl.; blandiri 
(i. e. to caress, fondle): Ov.: Plin.: v. 
TO CARESS, 


dam (subs.): |. Female parent 


|. In eating: 1. | 
fastidium : such is their d. that they will | 


(of animals) : 1, mater, tris: Varr.: 
Virg. Q. matrix, icis: Col. jl. 4 
breakwater : 1, moles, is, f. (a mas- 
sive work): d.s set wp against waters, 
m. fluctibus oppositae, Cic.: he threw a 
d. and mound from each side of the 
shore, molem atque aggerem ex utra- 
que parte litoris jaciebat, Caes. 2. 
aggér, Gris, m. (a mound): when the 
foaming river has burst its d.s, aggeri- 
bus ruptis cum spumeus amnis exiit, 
Virg.: Vitr. 3. crépido, inis, f. (@ 
raised mound or parapet): Vitr.. Virg : 
a stone d., c. saxi, Virg. 4, dbex, 
obicis and objicis, ¢. (any barrier) : 
Virg. 

dam (v.): usu. with up: 1. ob- 
struo, xi, ctum, 3: more fully operibus 
obs., Caes. 2. coerceo, 2: tod. up a 
river fiowing abroad beyond its banks, 
fluvium extra ripas diffluentem c., Cic. . 
the Kuphiates is d.d up by quays of im- 
mense size, Euphrates magnae molis cre- 
pidinibus coercetur, Curt.: v. TO CON- 
FINE. 

damage (¥.): 1, affligo, xi, ctum, 
3 (prop. to dash violently against the 
ground): no disease or old age can d. 
the universe, nullus morbus mundum 
potest aut senectus af., Cic.: to d. 
(severely) the enemies’ resources, opes 
hostium af., Liv.: d.’d credit, afflicta 
fides, Tac. 2, afflicto, 1 (Jrequent. 
of No. 1): Caes. 8, laedo, si, sum, 3 
(to injure in any way): it (the soil) 
d.s the tron with rust, laedit robigine 
ferrum, Virg.: Stlus by his evidence 
had d.’d Piso’s case, testis Silus Pisonem 
laeserat, Cic.: a d.’d reputation, laesa 
| opinio, Quint.: corn d.’d by hail, gran- 
dine laesa Ceres, Ov. 4, obsum, arr. 
(with dat.: the most gen. term of all) : 
what may promote our cause or d. theirs, 
quod nobis adjumento futurum sit, aut 
offuturum illis, Auct. Her.: Cie. 5, of- 
fendo, di, sum, 3 (prop. lo strike against : 
much less strong than affligo): ¢his talk 
does not d. your reputation, hi ser- 
mones existimationem tuam non off., 
Cic.: lest the brightness of the colours 
Should d. the eyesight, ne colorum cla- 
ritas aciem oculorum of., Plin. Phr.: he 
refits his dd barks, quassas reficit rates, 
Hor.: to repair d.d casks, dolia quassa 
sarcire, Plin.: dd health, fracta vale- 
tudo, Cic.: tod. a person’s reputation, 
existimationem hominis violare, Cic, : 
that will d. him more than you, illi id 
majori fraudi quam tibi futurum est, 
Cic.: public interests have been more d.'t 
than promoted by the most eloquent men. 
plura detrimenta publicis rebus quam ad- 
jumenta per humines eloquentissimos imn- 
portata, Cic.: to d. great Caesar's re- 
nown, magni Caesaris deterere laudes, 
Hor. : v. TO INJURE, HURT. 

damage (subs.): |. In general 
sense : 1, damnum: 7/ the merchan- 
dise shall have sustained any d., si mer- 
catura damni aliquid contraxerit, Cic. : 
much d. was sustained, magnum d. fac- 
tum est, Cic.: to repair d., d. resarcire, 
Suet.; supplere, Tac.; reparare, Col. : 
to make compensation for d., damna dis- 
solvere, Cic. 2, détrimentum (loss 
of any kind: less strong than 1): when 
calamity comes, then d. is sustained, 
cum venit calamitas, tum d. accipitur, 
Cic.: let the consuls see that the state 
suffer no d., videant consules nequid 
respublica detrimenti capiat, Cic.: Caes. : 
Liv. 3, incommédum (disadvantage : 
a milder word than the preceding): ond 
you will do that without any d. to youur- 
self, nec id inc. tuo feceris, Cic.: to re- 
pair by bravery d. sustained, acceptam 
inc. virtute sarcire, Caes. 4, cala- 
mitas: v. CALAMITY. 5, injaria: v 
INJURY. I], At law: Phr.: to as- 
sess d.s in a ervvil action, litem aestimare, 
Cic.: to assess d.s severely, lites severe 
aestimare, Cic.: we do not demur to that 
assessment of d.s, quominus secundum 
eas tabulas lis detur non recusamus, 
Cic.: an action for d.z, noxalis actio, 
Gai.: to double the d.s Jor a trespass, 
hoxiam duplione decernere, Plin.: (in 
Gaius, d. done to property is damnum 3 











——— 





DAMASK 


d, done to person, injuriae, arum: and 
“damages,” poena, or poena consti- 
tuta): to bring an action for d.s, damni 
(or injuriarum) actionem alicui intend- 
ere, Cic.; damni agere cum aliquo, Cic. : 
to be cast in an action for d.s, in actione 
damni litem perdere, Gai.: to get d.s, 
damni poenam consequi, Gai.: Wo pay 
d.s, damnum alicui praestare, Cic.; de 
injurlis satisfdcere, Caes.: v. HURT, LN- 
JURY. 
damask (subs.): i.e. a kind of 
woven jabric: *textilia Damascéna: 
(pannus Damascenus, Kr. and Georg.). 
‘The work called polymita, orum, Plin. 
8, 48, 75, probably resembled damask : 
see the place. As adj., *Damascénus . 
a d. blade, *ferrum Damascenum: d. 
rose, *rosa d. Phr.: “damask cheek” 
eee), roseae genae, Virg.; g. pur- 
pureae, Ov.:; v. ROSY, RUDDY, 
damask (.): |, OF woven fa- 
brics: v. TO EMBROIDER. I]. Of me- 
tals: incdquo, xi, ctum, 3: cf. Plin. 34, 
17, 48; where the word is used of plat- 
ing or overlaying one metal with an- 
other. Phr.: d.’d work, picturatum opus 
metallo, Claud. Fig.: “d.’d meads” 
(poet.), Faammeria) distinctae floribus 
herbae, Ov.: a mound d.’d with flowers, 
picturatus floribus agger, Stat. 
dame: domina, héra, miatrona: v. 
LADY, MISTRESS: step-d., nOverca: v. 
STEPMOTHER, 
damn: 1, To doom to eternal 
nishment : *damno, 1: Eccl.: aeterno 
tupplicio addico: v. TO DOOM. Il. 
Hig.: to hiss off the stage: explodo, si, 
sum, 3: strictly to clap off the stage; 
i.e. to hiss off: q. v. Phr.: to d. with 
Jaint praise, maligne laudare, Hor. 
damnable; *damnabilis, e: late 
Latin: in classical Lat.. where the word 
is rare, its meaning is simply, worthy of 
being condemned in any way : Sidon. 
damnably: damnabiliter: Aug. (in 
sense o!, so as to deserve condemnation) : 
or perh. better perniciOsé: v. FATALLY, 
DESTRUCTIVELY. Phr.: to be most d. 
deluded, pestilentissime halucinari, Calv. 
damnation; damnatio: Eccl. 
damnatory; damnatorius: Verres 
gave that d judgnent of his, Verres ju- 
dicium dabat illud suum d., Cic. 
damp (ad.): |, humidus (opp. 
to aridus): v. MOIST, DAMPISH. 2. 
humens, entis: @ d. atmosphere, h. coe- 
lum, Flor.: and Aurora had moved the 
(night s) d. shadow from the pole, hu- 
mentemque Aurora polo dimoverat 
umbram, Virg. Phr.: the earth giow- 
ang d. with imperceptible dew, terra 
humescens occulto rore, Plin.: v. WET. 
damp (subs.): 1, himor, Oris: 
VY. MOISTURE, 2. halitiis, ts (fumes 
of any kind): sea-d., b. maris, Plin. 
choke-d., fire-d., metallorum h. noxius 
et pestilens, Plin.: v. vapour. Pbhr. 
(fig.): to throw a d. over any one, con- 
tristare, Cic.; v. foll. art. (1l.) and 
GLOOM. 
damp (v.): 4, Lit.: hiimecto, 1: 
V.TO MOISTEN. [j, Fig.: J, restin- 
guo, nxi, nctum, 3: to d. the ardour 
of desires, cupiditatum ardorem r., Cic. ; 
Vv. TO QUENCH. 2. iniringo, égi, 
actum, 3 (to break, impair, q. v.): I 
strongly suspect there is something 
which d.s your spirits, vehementer esse 
quiddam suspicor quod te infringat, Cic. 
3, imminuo, ti, itum, 3: Cic.: Liv.: 
V. TO DIMINISH. Phr.: his enthusiasm 
is did, languidiore est studi, Cic. : his 
spirits are d.’d, humilis et demissus est, 
Cic.: to d. their spirits, mentes in lan- 
guorem vertere, L'ac.: to have one’s 
spirits d.'d, animo jacére, Liv.; ardo- 
tem remittere, Liv. 
damper (subs.): Phr.: toact as a 
< on the spirits, animos restinguere, 
ic. 
dampish: 1, himidiilus: Auson. 
%. subhiimidus, Cels. May also 
be expr. with compar.: as a d. atmo- 
sphere, *coelum humidius: v. L.G.§ 351. 
Phr.: the air is d., *humescunt aurue. 
dampness: humor, Uligo: y. mors- 
TUE, 


DANGER 





damsel; puella, virgo: v. Gmt, 
MAIDEN, 

damson: *prinum Damascénum: 
d,-tree, *prunus Damascena, 

dan (subs.): an obsol. title; e.g. 
Dan Chaucer; Dan Cupid :=dominus. 

dance (v.): to move the limbs to a 
measure or tune. ]. salto, 1: w& d, 
gracefully, eleganter s.: Sall.: hardly 
any one d.s when sober except a mad- 
man, nemo fere s. subrius, nisi forte in- 
sanit, Cic.: with cognate ucc. (L. G. 

235): to d. a dance, saltationem s., 

acr.: to d. the dance of the Cyclops, 
Cyclopa s., Hor. Frequent. saltito, 1: 
to be im the habit of dancing, Macr. 

2, triptdio, 1 (strictly of reliyious 

dancing): to d. in a manly style, tr. 
Virilem in modum, Sen.: they d.’d Jor- 
ward, tripudiantes procurrerunt, Petr.: 
to ap and d. (with joy), exsultare et 
tr., Vic. 3, mMoveor, MOLus, 2 (poet) : 
a matron obliged to d. on a holiday, 
festis matrona moveri jussa diebus, 
Hor.: to d, the Cyclups-daunce, Cyclopa 
m., Hor. Simly, membra movere. he 
dd rudely to an wregular measure, 
movit ad incertos nescia membra modos, 
Tib. Phr.: when the enti’acte haa been 
dd, desaltato cantico, Sen. Fig.: to 
d. atlendunce upon any une, assectari 
aliquem (esp. of usstduous attendance 
on candidates), Cic.; *vestigia alicujus 
servare. 

dance (subs.) : 1, saltatio: to 
dance a d., saltationem saltare, Macr. 
Dimmn., saltatiuneila; Vopisc. 2) 
saltatus, Us. Liv. 3. tipidium 
(prop. religious duncing): Join: tri- 
pudia sollennisque saltatus, Liv.: we 
must urge the rapid u., vos decet citatis 
celerare tripudiis, Cat, 4, pyrrhicha 
or -€ (Gr. muppixn, @ war dance): to d. 
the war d., pyrrhicham saltare, Suet. : 
Plin. 

dancer; saltator, /. saltatrix, Cic. 
Phr.: like d,s, saltantium modo, Plin. ; 
saltatorieé, Apul.- a rope d., 1Unamba- 
lus, Ter. ; schoendbates, ae, m.: Juy. 

dancing (subs.): saltatio, saltatus 
V. DANCE. Phr.: @ ring jor d., salta- 
torius orbis, Cic.: d.-school, ludus salta- 
torius, Macr.: d.-master or mistress, 
artilex saitationis, Suet. 

dandelion: tarasacum: Withering. 

dandltiea: Vv. DANDY, FOPPISH. 

dandie; *(infantem) in brachiis, in 
Mlanibus gestare ; motitare. 

dandruff; furtires capitis, Plin. ; 
porrigy, Hur, . v. scurr. 

dandy: Vhr.: ada smart fellow, 
belius et lepidus, PL: chose u.s, elegan- 
tiores isti, Plin.: d.s and exquisites, 
mundi, elegantes, Cic.: diippung with 
unguents, and with trailing robes, he 
came with the gait of a d., unguento 
delibutus, vestitu affluens, veniebat 
gressu delicato et languido, Phaedr. - 
one of the d.s, quidam ex delicatis, Sen. . 
a curled and scented d., pexo capillo niti- 
dus, Cic. ; homo comptus et pumicatus, 
Plin.: @ d. “gust out of a bandboz,’ 
homo de capsula totus, Sen. . also tros- 
stlus, Sen., tormerly=eques Romanus, 
came to mean a@ d. or exquisile; an 
affected d., *homo munditiis molestus 
et putidus: vy. FOP. 

danger: 1, périctilum (strictly 
a@ trial of some Ieind) ; often joined with 
discrimen: v. infr.: the sajety of the 
allies is brought into the greatest d. and 
risk, salus sociorum in summum p. ac 
discrimen vocatur, Cic.: to incur d., 
pericula subire, suscipere, ingredi, Cic. : 
to bring into extreme d. of one’s life, in 
summum capitis periculum arcessere, 
Cic.: to expose to d., periculo offerre, 
Cic.; in periculum projicere, Virg.: to 
rescue from d., ex periculo extrahere, 
et eripere, Cic.: to be in d., in periculo 
versari, Cic.; in p. esse, Nep.. to desert 
in the very crisis of d., in ipso periculi 
discrimine destituere, Liv.: to ward off 
d. jrom the state, rempublicam a p. pro- 
hibere; periculum a repub. propulsare, 
depellere, Cic.: to bring any one into d., 
p. facere alicui, Sall.: ds threaten me, 
p. intenduntur mihi, Cic.; conflantur 








DANGLER 


(are stirred up against me), Caes.: 
there ts nod. that, etc., non est pericue 
lum ne, etc., Cic.. simly, summum est 
p. ne, ete., id. Q. discrimen, inis, n. 
(a crisis, critical circumstances): to 
put a man’s life in d., uliquem in d. 
vitae (or capitis) adducere, Cic.: to run 
into d., discrimini occursare, Tac.: the 
greatest and almost extreme d., maxi- 
mum periculum et extremum paene d., 
Cie. Phr.: your property is in d. 
when your neighbour's house is on fire, 
tua res agitur, paries cum proximus 
ardet, Hor.: my life is in d., mea in 
dubio vita est, Ter. : to be in d. of being 
poisoned, veneno periclitari, Justin: to 
bring into imminent d., in praeceps 
dare, Liv.; in extremum adducere, 
Tac.; ad extremum perducere casum, 
Caes.- the patient is wn great d., aeger 
in praecipiti est, Cels.: to be in d., in 
lubrico versari, Cic.- to be out of d., 
extra metum positum esse, Sen.: my 
life is in d., vita mea infesta est, Cic. 
would that my life only were in d., uti- 
nam meo solum capite decernerem, Cic. - 
he was in great d. of being killed, haud 
multum abtuit quin interficeretur, Liv. 
to be in another man's ** danger,” alieni 
arbitrii esse, Suet.; esse in regno et 
ditione alicujus, Cic. 

dangerous: 1, périciilésus: he 
saw it was d. to the Roman people, 
populo Romano periculosum (esse) vide- 
bat, Caes.: a d. wound, p. vuinus, Cic. : 
a d. and deceitful habit, p. et lubrica 
consuetudo, Cic.: we are d. to our own 
selves, in nosmet ipsos p. sumus, Cic. : 
d. risk, p. alea, Hor.: to apply d. and 
doubtful remedies to very severe dis- 
orders, gravioribus morbis curationes p. 
et ancipites adhibere, Cic. 2. anceps, 
-cipitis (doubtful ; of uncertain and so 
dangerous issue): a noble saying for 
the state, but d. to the spealcer, vox pro 
repub. honesta, ipsi anceps, Cic.: d. 
roads, a, viae, Ov.- d. diseuses, a. morbi, 
Plin. 8. diibius (like anceps). d. 
circumstances, res d., Liv.: d. times, d. 
tempora, Hor. 4, infestus (strictly 
hostile, inimical): a d. state of health, 
inf. valetudo, Cic.: a plague d. to the 
state, pestis inf. reipub., Cic.: a d. jour- 
ney, iter inf., Cic. 5, gravis, e (of 
what is unhealthy or in any way serious 
and formidable): the shade is wont to 
be d. to singers, solet esse g. cantanti- 
bus umbra, Virg.: d. ulcers, g. ulcera, 
Cels. 6, lubricus (lit. slippery: hence 
of that which exposes to jall and wm- 
jury): a very difficult and d. mode of 
defence, perdifficilis et L defensionis 
ratio, Cic.: to be in a d. place, in lubrico 
esse, id. Join: praeceps et lubricus, 
Cie. Phr.: it is d. to buy, etc., pericu- 
lose emitur, Sall.: it is very d. to make 
a mistake in such matters, in bis rebus 
magno periculo erratur, Sen.; i tw d. 
to despise anything in an enemy, 10 
hoste nihil tuto despicitur, Curt. : tf will 
be very d. for you to do this, summo tuo 
periculo hoc feceris, Cic.: he ts a d. 
Jellow, fenum babet in cornu, Hor.. @ 
d, man, homo cavendus; metuendus ; 
fugiendus: Cic.: a d. position, angus- 
tiae ; discrimen: v. STRAITS. 

dangerously: 1. péricildsé: 
be d. 5° p. aegrotare, Cic.; for which 
we find also graviter se habere, id 5 
and in praecipiti esse, Cels. 2. gra- 
viter: cf. supr. and v. SERIOUSLY, Si 
VERELY. Phr.: d. beautiful, nimium 
lubricus adspici, Hor. 

dangerousness; may usu. be expr. 
with periculum: as, on account of the 
d. of the route, *propter pericula itine- 
ris (L. G. § 591); quod tantum periculi 
id iter babebat. 

dangle: pendeo, dépendeo: v. To 
HANG. Phr.: with ther satchels and 
tablet d.ing at their left elbow, laevo sus- 
pensi loculos tabulamque lacerto, Hor. 
¥. SUSPEND: the sails d. in the doubtful 
atr, vela dubia librantur in aura, Ov. 
Fig.: to d. after any one, lateri alicujus 
adhaerere, Liv.; assectari aliquem, Cic. 

dangler: rare: assecla; assect&tor- 
Y. FOLLOWER. 

181 


DANGLING 





dangling (adj.): pendiilus. Hor.. 
Ov.: of. DANGLE. 

dank: himidus, tvidus, tidus: v. 
MOIST, DAMP. But none ot these fully 
express the sense: perh. [locus] foe- 
dus atque humidus; tetra uligine mo- 
lestus. 

dapper: nearest word perh. agilis: 
v. ACTIVE, SPRUCE. Phr.: a d. little 
Jellow, *homunculus alacer atque agilis. 

dapple (v.): miaciilo, 1: Val. Fl. ; 
or by cireuml., maculis distinguo, Ov. ; 
maculis vario, Virg.; maculis adspergo, 
Juv. Chiefly used in p. part. as «dj. 
dappled: the d.d lynz, maculosa lynx, 
Virg.: a dd horse, equus guttatus, 
or scutulatus, Pallad.: d.d with white, 
sparsus albo, Virg.; intervenientibus 
maculis albis, Plin.: d.d siies, nubes, ut 
vellera lanae, sparsae, Piin. 

dappled (adj.) : see verb ( fin.) 

dare: |, TLrans.: to challenge: 
to d. any one to fight, provoco, 1 (ali- 
quem in pugnam), Cic. ; lacesso, deposco, 
(in pugnam), Tac.: Liv.: v. TO CHAL- 
LENGE. IJ. Lntcans.: audeo, ausus, 
2: subj. ausim (usu. with inf. or ace. 
of neut. pron. or adj., L. G. § 253): the 
people, by itself, d.s nothing, plebs per se 
nihil a., Caes. : they had d.d to leave their 
post, loco cedere ausi erant, Sall.- d. to 
be wise, sapere aude, Hor.: Jd. to say, 
audeo dicere, Cic.- who had d.d to com- 
mit capital crimes, capitalia ausi, Liv. : 
I d. not conceal anything, non audeo 
quin promam omnia, Pl.: a thing must 
be done and d.d, agenda est res auden- 
daque, Liv. Phr.: J d. say, credo, 
Cic.: alas! I d. not say, hei! vereor 
dicere, Ter. 

daric (a Persian coin): Darius (al. 
daricus) ; Auson. 

daring (adj.): 1, audens, ntis 
(in neutral sense)- the d. man has to 
suffer no more than the coward, nihil 
gravius audenti quam ignavo patiendum 
est, Tac.: Virg. 9. audax, acis 
(oftener in bad sense: v. BOLD): rash 
and d., temerarius et a., Cic.: a d. mind, 
animus a., Sall.. rash and d. designs, 
calida et a. consilia, Liv.: favour my 
d. efforts, audacibus annue coeptis, 
Virg.: who more d. than I? quis me 
alter est audacior homo? Pl.. infamous 
and d, fellow! o scelestum et a. homi- 
nem! Ter. 3, férox: v. HIGH-SPI- 
RITED. Phr.: a d. deed (usu. bad), 
facinus, Oris, Cic.: Lac. 

daring (swbs.): 1], audentia (usu. 
in good sense, but rare): according to 
the d. each possessed, ut quisque auden- 
tiae habuisset, Tac. A. 15, 53. i 
audacia (usu. in bad sense): ow? only 
hope is in d., una est in a. spes salutis, 
Tac.: relying on d. and impudence, a. 
et impudentia fretus, Cic. See also 
BOLDNESS, COURAGE. 

daringly: audenter, audacter (esp. 
in bad sense): v. BOLDLY, COURAGE- 
OUSLY. 

dark (adj.): |, Lit.. void of 
light : 1, obscirus (the most gen. 
term; applicable to all degrevs of dark- 
mess): ad. night, nox ob., Sall.: Virg.. 
d. shade, umbra ob., Virg.: d. gloom 
(of the sun), ob. ferrugo, id.: a d. cave, 
ob. antrum, Ov.: when it was now d., 
ob. jam luce, Liv.: v. DIM, OBSCURE. 

9, caligindsus (stronger than ob- 
scurus)* atmosphere damp and d., cve- 
jum humidum et c., Cic.: Hor. 3. 
Opacus (opp. to apricus): v. SHADY. 
4, ténebrosus (poet.): d. (murky) 
air, aér t., Virg.: Lucan. (The forms 
tenebricosus and tenebriceus also occur: 
the former in fig. sense [v. i7/?.] the 
latter poet. and rare.) 5, caecus 
(strictly blind; but also used of exter- 
nal conditions preventing sight: poet.): 
Lucr.: Virg. 6, ater, niger: v. 
Guoomy. Phr.: it suddenly grows d. 
(in an eclipse), repentinae obducuntur 
tenebrae, Plin.: when it had grown d., 
venebris obortis, Nep.: it grows d. (of 
evening), vesperascit, ler. (tenebresco 
"s without good authority: Aug. : 
htier.): the eyes become d. (incapable of 
sight), caligant oculi, Lucr.: a d. lane 
182 








DARKLY 





tern, *laterna furtiva: (R.and A.) I]. 
Of colours : 1], pullus (very often of 
that which is soiled and dirty ; but not 
exclusively so): d. hue of wool, color 
lanae p., Col.: the d.-hued myrtle, myr- 
tus p., Hor.: the upper part of a hare 
is d., the belly white, lepus superiore 
parte p., ventre albo, Varr. 2. fus- 
cus (of any dark hue): black or d. cattle, 
nigra aut f. pecora, Plin.: d. purple, 
purpura f., Cic.: Virg.: v. pusky. (Fur- 
vus is a poet. form of fuscus, Hor.) 3, 
niger, ater (stronger than the Eng.): v. 
BLACK, SWARTHY 4, caertileus, cae- 
riulus (strictly dark blue, azure, the 
colour of sea-water ; but also applied to 
any dark object: poct.): the d.-hued 
horses (of Pluto), caerulei equi, Ov.: 
d.-hued fillets, caeruleae vittae, Virg. 
See also DARKISH. ll. Fig.: un- 
intelligible : 1, obsctrus: Lucr. : 
Cic.: v. OBSCURE. Join: obscurus at- 
que caecus, Cic. 9. ambiguus: v. 
AMBIGUOUS. Phr.: d. sayings, am- 
bages, um, f. (in sing. the abl. only oc- 
curs). esp. of the oracles: Virg.: Ov.: 
d. sayings of the law, legum aenigmata, 
Juvee) Cie: IV. Also fig.. sad, 
gloomy : 1, ténebricdsus: a very a. 
period, tenebricosissimum tempus, Cic. 
Vv. GLOOMY. 9, atrox, Ocis: stern, 
unrelenting: q.Vv. See also foll. art. 
dark (subs.): chiefly with prep., as 
in phr. after dark, in the dark: the 
former best expr. by (de) nocte: v. 
NIGHT (by): in the d., *per obscurum 
[locum]; sine lumine. Fig.: to be in 
the d., i. e. ignorant, caligare, Plin.: 
Sen.: Iam in the d. about those mat- 
ters, mihi tenebrae ista sunt, Cic.. i 
was not done in the d., nec clam illud 
oceulteque factum est, Plin.: my evvti 
deeds are now discovered, which I hoped 
would be kept in the d., mea nunc faci- 
nora aperiuntur, clam quae speravi fore, 
Pl.: 1 am quite in the d., prorsus non 
intelligo, clam me est, Pl.: ‘Ter. 
darken: |. Lit.: to deprive of 
light : 1, obsctiro, 1 (the most com- 
prehensive term): berds d. the sky wih 
their wings, volucres aethv-ra ob. pennis, 
Virg.: a sky did with night und clouds, 
coelum nocte atque nubibus obscura- 
tum, Sall.: v. TO OBSCURE, DIM. 2), 
occaeco (obcaeco), 1: Liv. (more freq. 
in fig. sense). 8, obumbro, 1: v. To 
OVERSHADOW. If. Of colours: to 
make less brilliant : 1, fusco, 1 (to 
impart any dark hue: poet.): Ov.: 
Stat. 9, infusco, 1 (—simple verb): 
to d. red with black, rufum colorem 
nigro in., Gell.: Plin. 3. coloro, 1 
(esp. of the complexion): v. TO COLOUR, 
TAN. ll]. Fig.: to render obscure: 
1, obsciiro, 1: tod. with allegores, 
aAAnyoptacs obscurare, Cic. Att.. Quint. 
92. occaeco, 1 (v. supr.). to d. a 
speech, orationem oc., Cic. Phr.: to d. 
the mind, caliginem offundere animis, 
Cic.: to d. or make obscure, tenebras 
obducere, lucem eripere rebus, id.: v. 
TO OBSCURE; wisdom is d.’d by wine, 
sapientia vino obumbratur, Plin. 
darkish : |. Of partial absence of 
light : expr. with compar. of adj. given 
under DARK (I): as, t was d., *erat 
lux obscurior; erat locus paulo tene- 
brosior, etc. I]. Of colour : i 


subfuscus (suffuscus): pearls of a d. | 


hue (not clear), margarita s., Tac. Agr. 
12. Dimin. subfuscilus: Amin. O 
subniger, gra, grum (approaching to 
black): Pl.: Varr. 

darkling (ade.): i.e. im the dark: 
expr. with adj. (comp. L, G. § 342): 
they went d., ibant obscuri, Virg. 
Phr.: ‘the tuneful bird sings d.” 
(Milt.), *nocturna cantat avis canora. 

darkly: |, Asin the dark ; dimly: 
Phr.: to see d., obscure cernere, Cic.; 
quasi per caliginem cernere, id. ll. 
Unintelligibly, mysteriously: Phr.: 
to speak d., per ambages dicere, Liv. ; 
spargere voces in vulgum ambiguas (of 
malicious insinuation), Virg.: it was 


d. rumoured, manavit perobscura fama, | 


Liv.: it begins to be d. rumoured, in- 
cedit rumor occultus, Tac.: if was d. 


DART 





hinted to me, per ambages injecta mibt 
est cogitatio, Cic. 

darkness:  , Abstract; as qua- 
lity or state: 1. obsciritas: the d. 
of hiding places, obs. latebrarum, Tac. : 
black (intense) d., atra obs., Plin. 2. 
Opacitas: v. sHApINEss. (N.B. The 
sense may sometimes be conveyed by a 
concrete word: as, the aspect [of the 
prison] was dismal, on account of its 
foulness, d., etc., incultu, tenebris ter- 
ribilis facies [loci], Sall.) |], Concrete: 
the d., as something which exists : 1. 
ténebrae, arum: d. had suddenly come 
on, tenebrae factae erant repente, Cic. : 
what dense d., quantae t., id.: dismal 
d. and gloom, tetrae t. et caligo, id.: as 
soon as d. came on, primist., Liv. 2, 
caligo, inis, f. (dense d., as of dark va- 
pour): the blackness of d., caeca c., Cie. : 
thick d., crassa c, Plin. Ep.; densa, 
Virg.; atra, Virg. 3, obscurum (rare 
and poet.): in the d. of night, sub ob- 
scurum noctis, Virg. Ill. Of hues: 
*color fuscus, subfuscus. (Fuscitas oc- 
curs once in Apul.): v. DaRK (11.). 

IV. Fig.: of the mind, etc.. all 

these events are enveloped in impenetra- 
ble d., omnia ista crassis tenebris cir- 
cumfusa sunt, Cic.: the d. of oblivion, 
tenebrae oblivionis, Plin. ; of e707, tene- 
brae erroris, Cic.. in the midst of day- 
light to be in d., in sole caligare, Quint. : 
v. GLOOM. 

darksome;: ter, fuscus, furvus, 
etc.: Vv. DARK, GLOOMY. 

darling: |. As adj.: 1, sua- 
vis, e€: sometimes in superl., as, d. 
Cicero, suavissimus Cicero, Cic.: v. 
SWEET, DEAR. 9. mellitus: d. spar- 
row, m. passer, Cat.: Cic. Also used 
as subs., my d., mi mellite! v. inf7. (LL). 
Dimin. meliitilus, Pl.: Apul. J, As 
subs. : 1, déliciae, arum: my mis- 
tress’s d. (a sparrow), deliciae meae 
puellae, Cat. Join. amores ac d. 
ituae], Cic. Dimin. délicidlae, Little 
» Cic 2. mellitus, mellita; dimin. 
mellitiilus, -a: my little d., mellitula 
mea, Apul. 3, mellictlum: Pl. 
Phr.: Fortune’s d., Fortunae filius, 
Hor. 

darn (v.): sarcio, résarcio, 4: v» 
TO MEND. 

darn (subs.): substittira, sartum: v. 
PATCH. 

darnel: lélium: weless d., infelix 
1, Virg. (lolium temulentum, Cycl.) : 
also aera, Plin. Adj. loliacens, Col. 

darner: sartor, sartrix ; sarcinator, 
-trix: V. MENDER. 

dart (subs.) : 1, télum (the most 
comprehensive term: any kind of 
missile): V. WEAPON, MISSILE. Fig.: 
the d.s of love, tela amoris, Ov.3; of 
Fortune, tela Fortunae, Cic. (N.B. 
Sometimes the adj. missile is used with 
telum, and sometimes missile is used as 
a subs., esp. in pl.) 9, jactilum (a 
dart that is thrown or hurled): v. JA- 
VELIN. 8, spiciilum (strictly the 
pointed head of a javelin er missile : 
also used for the weapon vtself): the 
d.s of Cupid (Amoris) spicula, Ov. : 
Prop. 

dart (v.): A, Trans.: to dis- 
charye a dart, etc.: jacitlor, mitto, pro- 
| jicio, etc.. v. TO HURL, THROW. Phr.: 
to d. veproaches at any one, contumelias 
intorquere in aliquem, Cic.: to d. fierce 
glances at, truces vculos in aliquem in- 
tendere, Plin.: they d. jurtive glances 
at each other, furtim inter se adspiciunt, 
Cic.: to d. looks at, oculos conjicere in 
aliquem, Cic.: to d. rays, or lightnings, 
radios, or fulmina, vibrare, Claud.; Ov.: 
to d. remorseless satire, truces iambos 
vibrare, Cat.: (the serpent) d.s its forked 
tongue, linguis micat ore trisulcis, Virg. 

B. Intrans.: to move quickly, 

| spring, leap: to d. wpon any one, injic- 
ere se in aliquem, Cic.: Ver.: to d. 
forward, provolare, Caes.: he d.s from 
the starting-place, carcere emicat, Ov. : 
| (the vat) d.s lightly out of the house, 
domo levis exsilit, Hor.: to d. down 
|, /vom the tribunal, de tribunali devolare, 
Liy.: the water d.s out through the 





—_ 


Sg 


ie 


DARTER 


aperture, per foramen aqua eliditur, 
Sen.: d.ing tongues (of serpents), }in- 
guae vibrantes, Virg: the flame d.’d 
forth, flanma emicuit, Plin.: fire ds 
from the ardent eyes, oculis micat acri- 
bus ignis, Virg.: sparks d. from the 
mouth, ab ore scintillae absistunt, Virg.: 
Y. TO SPRING, RUSH, FLY. 
darter: jiciilatér: v. HURLER. 
darting (subs.): 1, jaciilatio. 
Sen. 9. contortio, Auct. Her. 3 
the d. of rays, radiorum conjectus, Plin 
(Or expr. by verb: v. preced. art.) 
dash (.): A, Trans.: |. To 
strike or hurl uxth violence: when 
some prep. or phrase is usually attach- 
ed; as, tod. down, in pieces, etc., v. foll. 
artt. I]. 70 baffle, disconcert (rare) : 
as, ‘‘tod. maturest counsels,” *consilia 
circumspectissima conturbare, ad_ irri- 
tum redigere: how my hopes have been 
d.’d, quanta de spe decidi, Ter.: v. To 
DISAPPOINT, FRUSTRATE. Il. Zo 
mingle: misceo, immisceo: vy. TO MIX, 
auuoy (IL.). 3B, Intrans.: to rush; 
move along with noise and violence: 
féror, ruo: v. TO RUSH; and foll. artt. 
against: ].. Trans.: 
1, affligo, xi, ctum, 3 (with ace. and 
dat., or more usu. in prose, a prep.): the 
ship was d.’d against the rocks, navis ad 
scopulos afflicta est, Cic.: to d. the head 
against a stone, caput saxo af., Tac. : 
Hor.: Ov. Frequent. afflicto, 1: to d. 
against with repeated shocks, to d. about, 
Caes.: v. TO SHATTER. 2. allido, si, 
sum, 3 (constr. similar to preceding) : 
some (of the crew) were d.’d upon the 
vock), pars ad scopulvs allisa est, Caes. 
8, illido, si, sum, 3 (chiefly poet.: 
same constr.): to d. a ship on the shoals, 
navem vadis il., Virg.: to d. one’s head 
against the doors, caput foribus iL, 
Suet. : Quint. 4, impingo, peégi, pac- 
tum 3 (Same constr.): to d. one’s jist in 
anybody's face, pugnum in os alicujus 
imp., PL: Sen.: Plin. 5, offendo, di, 
sum, 3: to knock or strike against, q. v. 
(Affligo denotes violent and destructive 
collision ;  allido, illido, have similar 
meaning but usu. on smaller scale; im- 
pingo is simply to drive one object /orci- 
bly against another.) ||, Intrans.: 
1, ruo, féror, 3}: Vv. TO RUSH. 2 
Expr. with pron. refl. or pass. of allido, 











impingo (v. supr.): as, the wave d.s 
against the shore, fluctus se illidit (or 
illiditur) in litore, Quint.: clouds d.ing 
against each other violently, nubes ve- 
hementer impactae, Sen. 
down: |. Trans: J], 
proruo,i, titum, 3: to d. down the stand- 
ing column, stantem columnam p., Hor. : 
Caes.: Vv. TO OVERTHROW, OVERTURX. 
9. affligo, 3: to d. down a monu- 
ment, a statue, monumentum, statuam 
af., Cic.: v. preced. art. (1). |, In- 
trans.: Phr.: the water d.s down the 
rocks with great force, *magno impetu 
aqua se dejicit, scopulisque illiditur. 
in pieces: 1, élido, si, 
sum, 3: all the ships were d.'d in pieces, 
omnes naves elisac sunt, Caes. oy 
disciitio, cussi, cussum, 3: Liv.: v. To 
DEMOLISH. 3. comminuo, ui, itum, 
3: V. TO BREAK IN PIECES, 
ff: i.e. to compose rapidly : 
Phr.: he would often d. off a couple of 
hundred Vines in an hour, in hora 
saepe ducentos versus dictabat stans 
pede in uno, Hor. S. 1, 4, 10 (i.e. levi 
opera et festinantius scribebat): versus 
ex tempore fundebat, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 


50, 194. 

out: élido, 3: Twill d. your 
brains out, elidam tibi caput, Pl.; in 
sim. sense, diminuetur tibi cerebrum, 
Yer. Ad. 4, 2, 32. 
through: perrumpo, rumpo, 
Y. TO BREAK THROUGH. 
tothe ground: |, Lit.: 
affigo, 3: v. TO DASH DOWN. I. 
Fig.: of hopes, confidence, etc.; to 
destroy (spem) praecidere, Cic.; ad irri- 
tum redigere, Liv.; adimere, Ter.: v. 
TO DISAPPOINT, FRUSTRATE. 

dash (subs.): |. Colliston : J 

conflictivo (a@ dashing together): the d. 




















DAUBER 


of two bodies together, duorum corpo- 
rum inter se c., Quint. 2. percussus, 
fils: rocks are hollowed by the constant 
d. of waters, crebro p, saxa cavantur 
aquis, Ov.: Vv. SHOCK, COLLISION. Il. 
Rush, onset: chiefly in pbr., to make a 
d, at, invdlo, 1: they made an unex- 
pected d. at the camp, improvisi castra 
involavere, ‘l'ac. H. 4, 33: also expr. by 
impetus: as, the enemy made a sudden 
d., hostes impetu facto, etc., Caes.: v. 
CHARGE, II]. In abstr. sense: im- 
petuosity, “élan”’: Phr.- the Gauls 
have plenty of d. little stability, *Gallis 
mobilitatis atque impetus satis, stabill- 
tatis parum, cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 33 5 *satis 
alacres sunt ad impetus faciendos, ad 
sustinendos autem parum stabiles. |VY, 
A mark in writing: nota: v. MARK, 
STROKE. Y, 4 trace. Phr.: to qualify 
vinegar with a d.of honey, acetum melle 


temperare, Plin.: paleness with ad. of | 


violet, viola tinctus pallor, Hor.: with 
ad. of melancholy, subtristis, Ter. : 
there is a d. of bitterness (in all), surgit 
amari aliquid, Lucr. 4, 1129. 

dashing (adj.): acer, Alacer: v. 
ACTIVE, vicorous. Phr.: a d. com- 
mander, impetus maximi imperator, cf. 
Vell. 2, 55: and cf. DAsH (subs. LII.). 

dastard: homo ignavus, fiigax: v. 
COWARD. 

dastardly: ignavus, etc., v. cow- 
ARDLY. 

data sing. datum: expr. by p. 
part. of concédo: as, to assume doubtful 
points as data, dubia pro [certis atque]} 
concessis sumere, Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106. 
Join: certa atque concessa (pl.): v. 
supr. Phr.: we cannot reason without 
some Guta, *nonnisi ex notis [atque per- 
spectis] ad ignota ratiocinari possumus : 
to reason on unsound data, *argumentis 
parum firmis uti. 

date (subs.) : |, Time of an event: 

1, dies, Gi: m. and f. (in pl. m. 
only): only when the date is a definite 
day: in a lelter. not to put the d., in 
epistola diem non apponere, Cic.: the 
d.of your letter, dies literis tuis ascripta, 
Cie. 2. tempus, Oris, nv. (in most 
general sense): Vv. TIME, CHRONOLOGY : 
to learn by heart events and d.s, *res 
gestas atque tempora ediscere. Plhr.: 
the d. of this event is uncertain, *parum 
constat inter auctores, est controversia 
inter scriptores, de anno quo haec res 
facta sit: of ancient d., vétiis, Eris: v. 
OLD: of recent d., récens: V. RECENT. 
Il. The fruit of the d. tree: ik 

palmila, ae, 7: Varr. 2. balanus, 
f and m.: Plin. 3. caryota, f: 
and caryotis, idis, f.: Varr. 4, dac- 
tylus, Pall.: the tree, phoenix, icis, f., 
Plin.; palma: Plin. 

date (v.): A, Trans.: . To 
put a date to a letter, etc.: 1. do, 
dédi, datum, 1 (strictly, to give to the 
letter-carrier): a letter d.d (at) Pla- 
centia, litterae Placentiae datae, Cic.: 
dd the 12th of June, datum (also dabam) 
pridie Idus Junii, Cic. 2. (diem) 
ascribo (aids.), psi, ptum, 3: you dont 
d. the second letter, in altera epistola 
diem non ascribis, Cic.: also, diem ap- 
ponere, id. _|J, In more general sense. 
to d. the building of the city from the 
year 753, *initia urbis conditae ab anne 
DCCLUJI. ante Christum natum repeiere 
Caner on Cic.); 07, urbem ante annos 
XCCLLLI. quam natus est Christus con- 
ditam narrare. Fig.: thence d.s my 
downfall, hinc mihi prima mali labes, 
Virg. B. Intrans.: to date from 
a certain origin: incipere ; originem 
trahere ; initium capere, etc.: v. TO 
BEGIN, ORIGINATE. 

dative (adj.): dativus: the d. case, 
d. casus, Quint.: also, dativus (alone), 
Quint.: M. L. Called also dandi casus, 
Varr.: tertius casus, M. L. 

daub (v.): |. Jo smear: lino, ob- 
lino, illino, 3: Vv. TO REDAUR. ll. 
To pain: coarsely : *inscite pingo. 

daub (subs.) : |. A smear : litira: 
Vv. BLOT. ||. A bad painting : *tabula 
inscite picta (?). 





dauber: i. e. @ bad painter : pictor 


DAY 





malus, Cic.: or perh. tiro, which is used 
as in Eng.: v. BEGINNER (IT.). 

daughter: 1. Silia (dat. and abl. 
pl., often filiabus): Cic.: Hor. (passim). 
Fig.- d. of a Jorest of renown (epith 
of a ship), silvae f. nobilis, Hor. Dimin. 
filidla, a little or dear d., Cic. 2. 
nata (guata): poet.. the eldest of 
Priam’s d.s, maxima natarum Priami, 
Virg. Also used in its original sense as 
part., when it takes an abl.: v. BoRN. 
Sometimes a prep. is used, as, d. of 
Cecrops, de Cecrope ata, Ov. 3. In 
the czse of proper names expressed by 
patronymic (poet.): as d. of + pime- 
theus, Epimethis, idos, Ov. : of Perseus, 
Perséis, Cic. Phr.: d. of Night, Nocte 
sata, Virg.: which might be expr., quae 
matre Nocte est, Hor.: Cic.: ulso by 
the poets progenies is sometimes used: 
V. OFFSPRING : to be delivered of a d., 
puellam parere, ‘Ter. 

daughter-in-law: nirus, fs, f.: 
Virg.: Cic. (The word is also used in 
wider sense, @ young married woman: 
Virg.) 

daunt: pavéfiacio (to strike with 
panic, dismay); percello (to give a 
shock of horror): terreo, perterreo, con- 
terreo (to frighten, alarm): vy. To 
TERRIFY. 

dauntless: impavidus, intrépidus: 
V. FEARLESS, 

dauntlessly: impavidé: Livy. 

dauntlessness: {identia, audacia: 
V. FEARLESSNESS, DARING. 

dauphin: *delphinus: M. L. 

dauphiness: *delphini uxor: M. L. 

daw: V. JACKDAW. 

dawdle (v.): only collog.: cesso, 
I: V. TO LOITER. 

dawdler : cessator, trix: v. LOrrERER. 

dawn (subs.): ], aurora (chiefly 
poet., and often used personally of the 
goddess so called: Virg.: Ov.): at d., 
ad primam auroram, Liv. 2. (prima) 
lux, itcis, f.: a/d., (cum) prima luce, 
Caes.: Cic.: before d., ante lucem, Liv. : 
Hor. 8, dilticiilum (Strictly a dimin., 
hence early dawn): Yer.: Cic. Phr.: 
it was not yet d., nondum lucebat, Cie. : 
before d., anteluculo, Apul: wdérking 
before d., industria antelucana, Cic. 

dawn (v.): 1, dilicesco, luxi, 3: 
it was already d.ing, jam dilucescebat, 
Liv. : believe that every day which ds is 
your last, omnem crede diem tibi dilux- 
isse supremum, Hor. 2. illiicesco, 
luxi, 3: some time or other that day 
will d., illucescet ille aliquando dies, 
Cie. Fig.: such fortune hath d’d upon 
me, mihi talis fortuna affulsit, Liv. : 
genius was just then d.ing in the lad, 
scintilla ingenii jam tum elucebat in 
puero, Cic. 

dawning (adj.): perh. primus: v. 
DAWN (subs. 2). 

day: |. In usual sense : 1 
dies, @i, m. and f. (in pl only m.): holi- 
days and worlcing ds, d. testi profes- 
tique, Liv.; uetasti, fasti (in legal 
sense), Ov.: thirty full or legal ds, 
triginta d. justi, XL. Tab. ap. Gell. : late 
in the d., multo die, Caes.: jor the space 
of a d., in diem, Ov.: in the course of a 
d. and a night, die et nocte, Cic.: d. and 
night (i. e. continually), diem noctem- 
que, Caes.; dies nuctesque, Cic.; diem 
ac noctem, Liv.; die quinetiam noctibus 
(where the latter word is marked as 
more extraordinary), Cic.: to put off 
from d. to d., diem de die differre, Liv. 5 
simly with proverre, Just. : by d., de die, 
Ter.: Cic. (also without prep.: Vv. 
supr.); interdiu, Caes. : Liv. : this sense 
may sometimes be conveyed by the adj. 
diurnus: as, peruse (the Greel master- 
pieces) by night and by d., nocturna 
versate manu, versate diurna, Hor. 
Sometimes used by meton. for the events 
of ad.: as, I examine by myse!f (tie 
deeds of) the uhole day, totum 4d. 
mecum scrutor, Sen.: a great or glors- 
ous day, magnus d., Tac. 9, lux, 
licis, 7. (chiefly, but not solely, poet.) : 
it is one hundied ds since the death of 
Clodius, centesima 1, est al interitu 
Clodii, Cic.: at break of d., prima luce, 

18? 


~DAY-BOOK 





DEADEN 





Liv.: v. DAWN: before it was fully d., 
nondum satis clara l., Curt. 3, lamen, 
inis, m. (rare and poet.): Virg. 4, 
sol, sdlis, m.: Virg.: Hor. Phr.: 
every d., quotidie, in dies (singulos): v. 
DAILY: the day before yesterday, nudius- 
tertius, Pl.: the d. after that d., postri- 
die ejus diei, Caes.: postridie is also 
found with ace.: as, the d. after the Apol- 
linarian games, postridie ludos Apolli- 
nares, Cic.: the d. after I left you, post- 
ridie quam a vobis discessl, Pl.: the d. 
after tu-morrow, perendie, Cic.: @ space 
of two, three, four d.s, biduum, triduum, 
quatriduum, Caes.: Cic.: to be two d.s’ 
journey off, bidui (sc. iter) abesse, Cic. - 
@ d.’s journey is also iter unius diei, 
Cie.: every other d., alternis diebus, 
Liv.: every third d., tertio quoque die, 
Cic. ; before tt was d., antelucano tem- 
pore (ante lucem), Cic. [J. In wider 
sense; a period of time: 1, dies: 
O glorious d.! O praeclarum diem! Cic. 
(who uses the expr. with ref. to meeting 
after death). 2, tempus: v. TIME: even 
to this d., usque ad hoc t., Caes. Phr.: 
in the d.s of the heroes, heroicis aetati- 
bus, Cic. (but temporibus would be 
more usual). Wl. Zhe day; i. e. 
mastery : victOria. v. VICTORY. 

day-book: épheméris; diurna, 
drum (pl.); diarium: v. JOURNAL. 

day-break; lux prima, Aurora, di- 
lactilum : v. DAWN. 

day-dream: *vigilantis somnium: 
y. DREAM. 

day-labour: *6péra 
Jabor quotidianus: v DAILY. 

day-labourer: Opérarius, mercen- 
arius, Varr. 1, 17: Opéra conducticia, 
based on Varr. Il. c.: qui se in diem 
locat, Sen.; mercede diurna conductus, 
based on Hor. 

daylight: 1, lux, licis, f.: be- 
fore d., ante 1., Liv.: Hor.: as soon as 
it was d., (cum) prima l., Cic.: Caes.: 
in full d., clara 1., Cic. Q. dies, éi, 
m. and f. (in pl. only m.): to let in d., 
diem admittere, Plin. Ep.: Lucan. 
Phr.: d. approaches, (jam) lueescit or 
licisclt, Cic.: v. DAWN (v.). 

day-star: Licifer, féri ; Phosphorus: 
V. MORNING-STAR. 

day’s-work: Opéra, ae: one d. of 
an experienced reaper, 0. una messoris 
experti, Pall.; Col. 

day-time; tempus diurnum: v. 
DAY. 

dazzle: |, Lit.: ofeye-sight: 1, 
perstringo, nxi, clum, 3. with oculos, 
Cic.; aciem oculorum, Lucil. ap. Non. ; 
aspectum, Auct. Her.. visum, Sen. 
(N.B.—Praestringo is often a v. lt. in 
MSS.) 9. obtundo, tidi, tisum, 3 
(rare)- the sight is d.d with gold, acies 
obtunditur auro, Claud. (Plin. uses the 
verb in sense of to make dim.) In 
same sense Sen. has repercutere (aciem) ; 
verberare: Ep. 115, 6, 7. lj]. Fig.. 
to overuhelm with splendour of any 
kind: 1, perstringo, 3 (v. supr.): 
the splendour of his name d.s him, 
animi aciem perstringit splendor sui 
nominis, Cic. 2, caeco, obcaeco (occ.), 
I° Vv. TO BLIND. 3, capio, cépi, capt- 
um, 3 (i. e. to take by storm; also to 
charm). one is d.d by the splendour of 
silver, hunc capit argenti splendor, Hor. : 
Cie. 4, (in pass.): stipeo, ti, 2 
(with in and vbl, or abl, alone): to be 
dd with honours, s. in titulis, Hor. 
Phr. to d. an on-looker, observanti 
oculos auferre, Liv.: d.d by the great- 
ness of the Rornan name, *nomine Ro- 
mano praeoccvpaius (based on Liv.): 
a person dd by riches, *cui divitiarum 
refulsit splender (based on Sen.): see 
also TO ELATE. 

dazzling: splendidus, fulgidus: v. 
BRILLIANT, BRIGHT or more precisely, 
adeo splendidrs (fulgidus) ut oculos 
perstringat: see DAzzLE. Phr.: the d. 
(ule) Cyclo-les, nitentes Cyclades, 

or.. a jace of d. beauty, nimium 
lubricus adspici vultus, id.: d. Circe, 
vitrea Circe, id.. the d. splendour of 
eald, *nimius auri splendor. 

dazzlingly; Phr.. the light is d. 

124 


quotidiana, 


bright, *nimio fulgore suo obficit lumen 
oculis; oculorum aciem perstringit: v. 
DAZZLE. 
deacon: diaconus (Gr. dvaxovos): 
Tert. (The form diaco, diacon, also 
occurs, but should be avoided.) < 
deaconate, deaconship: _1. dia- 
cénatus, tis: Hier. 9, diacdnium: 
Cypr. 
deaconess: diacénissa: Hier. 
dead (adj.): |, Lit.: without 
life; of persons : 1, mortiius (part. 
of morior): to bury a dead person 
(body), hominem m. sepelire, XIL. Tab. 
ap. Cie.: to raise from the d., a mortuis 
excitare, Cic. The compound forms 
émortuus, démortuus also occur: the 
former is rare, and does not differ from 
the simple word: for demortuus, v. 
DECEASED: half d., semimortuus, Cat. 
Q. exanimus, exanimis, e: v. LIFE- 
LESS. 3, deéfunctus (strictly with 
ellipsis of vita: having done with life: 
so Virg.: later writers use the word 
absol.): @ d. body, corpus d., Curt. : 
*"Ov.- Plin. 4, exstinctus: Juv. 
Phr.: the d. (after a battle), interfecti, 
occisi, jacentes: Vv. SLAIN: the d. as 
departed spirits, manes, ium; umbrae - 
v. SHADES: to vise from the d., ab inferis 
exsistere, Cic.: nearly d., in the article 
of death, moribundus: v. DyING: [ am 
ad. man! perii, occidi! Pl.; interii, 
Ter. fj. By analogy; of things: 
1, mortuus: d. jlowers, m. flores, 
Plin.: d. thews (i.e. void of muscular 
power), m. lacerti, Cic.: d. laws, leges 
m., Cic. 9. emortuus: a d. fetus, 
| partus e., Plin.: d. flesh, caro e., Col. 
3, démortuus (cf. DECEASED): im 
the room of d. trees, in locum arborum 
d., Paul. Dig.: Cels. 4, morticinus 
(of that which dies of itself): fishes 
Jound d., m. pisces, Varr. Phr.: d. 
flesh, caro hebes, Cels. (see also supr.) : 
a d. language, *lingua quae ex vita et 
consuetudine communi abiit; 1. solis 
liferarum monumentis servata, Wyt- 
tenb. ap. Kr.: *l. cujus periit loquendi 
usus: Latin is now a d. language, *non 
jam ad loquendi usum adhibetur lingua 
Latina (Kr. recommends lingua mortua, 
after the anal. of Cic.’s leges mortuae, 
i.e. laws which are a d. letter, but the 
phr. seems of questionable propriety) - 
a d. calm: tanta malacia ac tranquil- 
litas ut se ex loco movere (naves) non 
possint, Caes.: a d. sleep, somnus artis- 
simus, Cic.: in the d. of the night, nocte 
intempesta, Sall. I]. Qf civil death : 
capite deminutus: Liv. IV. Fig. 
dull, wanting in vigour or animation, 
ete.: Phr.: all zeal seems d., *periere 
hominum studia; marcent (l!anguent) 
omnia: the mind is d., the body slug- 
gish, animus marcet, corpus torpet, 
Cels.: to be d. to shame, posuisse pud- 
orem, Mart.: a d. joke, frigidus jocus, 
Cic.. v. DULL, LIFRLKSS. 
dead-drunk; madidus (1 ell-soaled: 
poet.): Hor.: (?) male ébrius, potus: v. 
DRUNK. 
dead-nettle; gileopsis. Plin. 





dead-weight: (?) merum onus; 
pondus otiosum. 
deaden: A, Trans.:_ |, Of 


the senses: to diminish the liveliness of 
impressions : 1, hébéto, 1 (lit. to 
blunt: q. v.): to d. the senses, sensus h., 
Plin.: also of colours: Plin.: v. To 
DEAFEN, DIM. 9, obtundo, tiidi, ta- 
sum, 3 (i. q. hebeto): to d. /he sense of 
hearing, auditum ob., Plin.: v. To 
DEAFEN, BLUNT. 8, frango, frégi, 
fractum, 3 (to break the force of): the 
leat d.s or abates, fr. se calor, Cic.. to 
d, the fiery taste of wine, vina f., Mart. 
Phr.: to d. a blow, *ictum molliorem, 
leviorem reddere; ictus vim minuere, 
frangere. |]. Of the mind. i, 
stiipéfacio, féci, factum, 3: public 
alarm d.’d private griefs, privatos luctus 
stupefecit luctus publicus, Liv.: v. 
TO 3TUN,STUPIFY. Q, obtundo, 3: tod. 
the mind, mentem, ingenium ob., Cic. 
3, hébéto, r: by wine sorrow and 
care are d,’d, vino tristitia et cura hebet- 
| atur, Plin. . 





DEAL 





pectora hebetans, Ov. (Of the above, 
stupefacio denotes a sudden, stunning 
shock ; the other two natural and gra- 
dual impairing of some force of the 
mind.) v. alsO IMPAIR, ENFEEBLE, 
B. Intrans. (rare): expr. by 
pron. vefl. and verbs under (A.), or 
their passives: v. TO DECAY. 
deadliness: Phr.: a poison of re- 
markable d., *venenum maxime exi- 
tiale ; prae aliis exitiale: v. DEADLY. 
deadly : |, Lit.: causing death : 
1. mortifer, féra, férum: the d. 
draught, m. poculum, Cie. 9. exi- 
tidlis, exitiabilis, e (both somewhat 
rare): the d, weapon, exitiabile telum, 
Ov.: more d., magis exitialis, Plin.: v. 
DESTRUCTIVE. 3, létalis, also létifer 
(poet.): Virg. 4. \tinestus, féralis: 
v. FATAL, Phr.: d. poisons, *venena 
quae ad homines necandos valent. |]. 
Fig.: chiefly in such phr. as d. sin, d. 
hatred, ete. : 1, capitalis, e (reaching 
even to the life): to be on terms of d. 
hatred, capitali odio dissidere, Cic.: a 
d. scourge, ¢. pestis, Cic.: d. sin, *c. pec- 
catum. 2. implacabilis, e: i. e. IM- 
PLACABLE (q_ V.). 
deadly (adv.): Vv. MORTALLY: d. 
pale, \aridus, vépallidus: v. GHASTLY, 
PALE: d. nightshade, *atrépa belladonna - 
Withering. 
deadness: }. Of the limbs or 
body: torpor, torpedo: v, NUMBNESS, 
INSENSIBILITY. I]. Of the mind : 
1. stiipor (usu. as resulting from 
some shock): v. STUPEFACTION, STUPOR. 
2, torpédo, torpor. v. TORPOR, 
PARALYSIS. 8. inertia: v. rmac- 
TIVITY, SLUGGISHNESS. 4, 1 
Oris, n. (indifference) : Sen. 5, hebé- 
tatio (want of keenness): Plin. 
sulsitas (want of liveliness): Cic.: v. 
INSIPIDITY, DULLNESS. 
deaf: |, Lit.: unable to hear: 
1, surdus: Cic.: d. ears, s. aures, 
Tib.: a d.-mute, surdus idemque mutus, 
Plin. Dimin. surdaster, somewhat d., 
Cic. 2, captus auribus (disabled in 
the ears, whether by nature or other- 
wise): Cic. Phr.: to be d., carere 
sensu audiendi, Cic.: to become d., ob- 
surdescere, Cic, I]. Fig.: of those 
who refuse to hear: surdus: d. to 
prayers, in vota s., Ov.: deafer than 
the rising sea, surdior freto surgente, 
Ov.: to turn a d. ear to prayers, surda 
negligere aure preces, Prop.: to spealc 
to d. ears, surdo narrare fabulam, Ter. 
Phr.. to tun a d. ear, and refuse to 
listen to advice, obsurdescere nec ea 
quae monemur audire, Cic.: I am d. 
(comicé), nihil audio, Ter. Andr. 5, 2, 
22; mortuo verba fiunt, Ter. Phor. 5, 
8, 26: to turn a d. ear to prayers, preces 
aversari, Liv. (see also supr.): fear 
makes men d., timor animi aures officit, 
Sall.. to be a trijle d., aures hebetiores 
habere, Cic. Plane. 27, 66. 
deafen: 1, exsurdo,1:Plin. Q, 
obtundo, tdi, isum, 3 (fo stun with 
noise): Ter. 3. (of disease); ob- 
striio, xi, ctum, 3: Sen. 
deafish: surdaster, tra, trum: Cic. 
deafness: ], surditas: Cic.: 
Cels. 2. surdigo, inis, jf. (rare): 
Marcell. Empir. 
deal (sxbs.): |, An wndefinite 
measure: esp. in collog. phr. a great 
d.: Aliquantum: as, 2 good d. of land, 
aliquantum agri, Gic.: or expr. by 
copia or vis. as, a great d. of gold 
and silver, magna vis auri argentique, 
Cic.: v. QUANTITY, MUCH. fj, 4é 
cards: (¢) distribitiv. II]. A» fir 
plank: *tabila abiegna: v. FIR, 
deal («.): A, Trans.: |. To 
deal out; dispertio, dispertior: diri 
(only of the voting tablets at elections, 
etc.) ; mé@tior (to measure out: as corn): 
V. DISTRIBUTE. ||, To deliver (blows) : 
ingéro, gessi, gestum, 3: d. him a 
blow in the belly, ingere pugnos in 
ventrem, Ter.: also with dat.: Sen. 
Fig.: of abuse: convicia ing. alicui, 
Hor.; dicta in aliquem, Pl.; contu- 
melias (absol.), ‘Tac. Phr.: to d. re- 


heart d.ing (of Lethe), | peated blows, iterare, densare, ingemi- 


DEALER 





nare: cf. Virg.’s “nunc dextra ingemi- | do? O Syre noster salve! Ter.: my d.| to d., mori curis, ‘lib. 


DEATH 


nans ictus, nunc ille sinistra,’” A. 5, | friend (an ingratiating mode of address), 


457- B, Intrans.: |. Vo trafiic : 
négotior, 1: lod. in any kind of mer- 
chandise, aliquo genere mercaturae 
n., Col.: V. TO TRADE, SELL. Il. Zo 
behave (towards): 1, accipio, cepi, 
ceptum, 3: he dealt gently and merci- 
Jully with the man, \eniter hominem 
clementerque accepit, Cic.: V. TO TREAT. 

2. ago, égi, actum, 3 (with prep. 
cum; esp. in pass. impers.): he will 
understand that he has been very badly 
dealt with, intelliget secum actum esse 
pessime, Cic. 8. traclo, Ey uve. TO 
HANDLE. Phr.: easy tod. with, facilis, 
tractabilis: v. MANAGEABLE. Ill. Zo 
have to do (with): 1, tracto, 1: you 
were d.ing with the public money, pecu- 
niam publicam tractabas, Cic.: v. DEAL- 
INGS. 2. versor, 1 (usu. foll. by in 
and abl.)- Cic. Plr.: seeing you have 
thus dealt with me, cum mecum sic 
exegeris, Plin. Ep.: as you shall have 
dealt with me here, uti me hic habueris, 
Pl. = |V.. 70 contend: conflictor. 1: to 
d.uith natures of this sort, cum ingeniis 
hujusmodi c., ‘Ter. Phr.: ‘Tis with 
you that L have to d., *tecum mibi res 


est. 
dealer: 1, négotiator, m.: a dis- 
hovest d., improbus n., Cic.: a d. in 
paltry goods, sord.dae mercis n., Quint. 
Q. mercator, m.: not consuls but 
ds in provinces, non consules sed m. 
provinciarum, Cic. (For usu. distinc- 
tion of the above, v. WEKCHANT.) Phr.: 
a retail d., caupo, Onis; propola, Cic. ; 
institor, Hor.; Quint.: a wholesale d., 
magnarius, Apul.: a d. in linen, linte- 
4rius, Ulp.. a d. in clothes, vestiarius, 
Ulp.; im old clothes, scriitarius, Gell.. 
@ money d., mensarius, Liv.: Suet. 5 
numilarius, Suet.; and cf. Pl. Aul. 3, 5. 
Phr.: to bea d. in any article, may be 
expr. with vendito, vendo. v. TO SELL. 
Fig.: a double d., qui aliud clausum in 
pectore, aliud in lingua promptum 
habet, Sall. Cat. ro: homo Dilingnis, 


Phaedr. 2, 4: simly, bilingues T’yrii, | 
Virg. Aen. 1, 665: V. HYPOCRITE, 
CHEAT. 

dealing: |. Traffic: négotiatio, 


mercatura, commercium: v. TRADE. 
I]. _ Intercourse, relation: esp. in 

pl.; andin phr. to haved.s with: Phr.: 
(husbandmen) have d.s with the earth, 
rationem habent cum terra, Cic.: J have 
no d.s with you, nil mihi tecum est com- 
mercii (based on Pl.). the Jews have no 
ds with the Samaritans, non coutuntur 
Judaei Samaritanis, Vulg. John iv. 9: 
there can be no d.s between those, com- 
mune nihil potest esse apud eos, etc., 
Cic.: v. CONNEXION, INTERCOURSE: and 
comp. TO DEAL (I1.) 

dean: décanus, Hier.: d. and chap- 
ter, *decanus una cum canonicorum col- 
legio. 

deanery; *décanatus, décinia- v. 
Du Cange, s. vv. (i.e. the office): the 
residence, *decani aedes (?). 

dear (udj.): |. “igh-priced: 1, 
carus: what you don’t want is d. at 
any price, quod non opus est asse c. 
est, Cato ap. Sen.: d. fish, d. lamb, d. 
everything, pisces c.,agnina c., c. omnia, 
Pl.: Cic.: very d., percarus, Ter. 2), 
prétiosus: v. costty. Phr.: from being 
very d., things suddenly became cheap, ca- 
Tissimam annonam necopinata Vilitas se- 
cuta est, Cic.. v MARKET: to be d. may 
also be expr. with adv. care; or the 
genitives magni, pluris, etc: v. foll. art. 

I. Wighly-valued : 1, carus: 

d. are our parents, d. our childven, c. 
sunt parentes, c. liberi, Cic. Join: car- 
issimus atque amicissimus ; carissimus 
atque amantissimus, Cic.: very d., per- 
carus, Cic. 2. dulcis, e: best and d.est 
brother, optime et dulcissime frater, 
Cic.: Hor.. v. sweet. . gratus, 
jiicundus, cordi (dut. of cor). all less 
strong than the English: v. ACCEPTA- 
BLE, FA\OURITE, DELIGHTFUL, AGREE- 
ABLE. Ilr my d. Cicero, mi Cicero, 
Cic.; my d., mea lux, meum desiderium, 
Ov: Cin. O my d. Syrus, how dye 





O bone! Hor.; d. pledges (of mutual 
affection), i. e. children, pignora, ‘lac. 
dear, dearly (atv.): |. Ata 
high price: 1, caré . to sell (be sold) 
d., c. venire, Varr.- to be very d, (i. e. 
cost much), carissime constare, Sen. 
2. (only with ref. to te seller): 
béné: to sell dear (to advantage), b. 
vendere, Pl. Phr.. to buy d., magno (or 
magni) emere, Cic. Fig.: he paid d. 
Jor that hesitation, magno illi ea cunc- 
tatio stetit, Liv. I]. Affectionately : 
Phr.: tolove any one d., amare aliquem 
singulari amore; singulariter, valde, 
unice diligere, Cic.. if passion is in- 
tended, amore alicujus flagrare, ardere ; 
aliguem deperire: v, TO LOVE. 
dearness: |. High price: caritas, 


Cic.: if d. of provisions be meant, c. an- | 


nonag, id. Phr.: after extreme d. (of 
provisions), ex carissima annona, Cic. ; 
gravitas annonae also occurs —caritas 
annonae, Tac.: to lessen the d. of corn, 
annonam levare, Cic.. Vv. PRICE, MAR- 
KET; and compare foll. art. I. Pre- 
ciousness: caritas: the d. of one’s coun- 
try and countrymen, patriae et suorum 
c., Cie. 

dearth: 1, caritas (v. preced. 
art.): a d. of money, numorum c., Cic. 
Att. 9, 9, Jin. Q, indpia: v. WANT, 
DESTITUTION. 8, penuria: a great 
d. of wise and good citizens, magna sa- 
pientium civium bonorumque p., Cic. : 
V. SCARCITY, 

death: 1, mors, mortis, f. (the 
most gen. term): d. is the bounding line 
of (all) things, m. uliima linea rerum 
est, Hor.: a speedy d., m. cita, Hor.: 
sudden d., m. repentina, Quint. ; subita, 
Curt. : a premature d.,m., immatura, Cic. : 
a most cruel d.,m, acerbissima, Sulp. ap. 
Cic.; to inflict d. on any one, alicui m. 
afferre, id.; inferre, Cic.; aliquem ad 
m. dare, Pl.; morti dare, Hor.: v. To 
KILL: to inflict d. on oneself, mortem 
sibi consciscere, Caes.: V. SUICIDE: to 
condemn to d., capitis or capite dam- 


nare, Cic. (which however is used of | 


civil death or deprivation of citizen- 
ship): punishment of d., capitalis poena 
(like capitis damnare), Suet. ; capitis 
supplicium, id.; ultimum supplicium, 
Tac.: to meet d., morte (al. mortem) 
occumbere, Cic.; morti occumbere, 
Virg.: v. TO DIE. Q. létum (chiefly 
poet.): the unforeseen violence of d., vis 
improvisa leti, Hor.: to die an inglori- 
ous d., turpi |. perire, Cic.: to visit any 
one with d., aliquem leto afficere, Nep. : 
I snatched myself from d., eripui me 
leto, Virg. (In the best authors the 
use of letum is confined to poetry and 
rhetorical passages.) 3, nex, nécis, 
J. (violent death): to have power of life 


| and death over one’s countrymen, vitae 


necisque in suos habere potestatem, 
Caes.: toput any one to an unjust d., 
alicui n. injustam afferre, Cic.: to con- 
sign to d., neci dedere, demittere, dare, 
Virg. (N.B. In later authors nex is 
used for any Icind of death: Suet.: 
dpst 4, finus, Gris, n. (poet.)- 
to whelm in cruel d., funere mergere 
acerbo, Virg.: also f. crudele, Ov.: v. 
FUNERAL. 











5, obitus, Gs (very freq. | 


of death in the ordinary course of | 


things): after the king's death, post 
regis ob., Cic.: Caes. 6, décessus, is 
(=obitus): Cie. 7, excessus. iis ‘lac. : 
Suet. (The last three words have a 
milder expression than the preceding 
ones.) 8, intéritus, is (only of violent 
d.): Cic.: v. pestruction. Also in 
poet. language, Orcus, fatum, inféri, ete., 
may often be used: v. GRAVE (subs.). 
Phr.: the day of d., dies supremus, 
Cic. ; dies niger (poet.), Prop.: the sleep 
of d., perpetuus sopor, Hor,: in the 
agonies of d., moribundus, Cic.: on 
one’s d.-bed, moriens, id. (moribundus 
being an intensive word, denotes the 
nearer approach of death): to bleed to 
d., *sanguine emisso mori: if by an 
opening in the veins, venis exsolutis 
mori, cf. Tac. 16. 17,19. to fret oneself 


DEBAUCH 





to hug an old 
death’s head, mortem amplexuri, Pl 

death-bed: chietiy in phr. on his 
or her d.-bed, moriens, Cic. preced. 
art. (fin.): a d.-led repentance, *sera 
miorientis poenitentia. 

deathless;: immortalis, e: v. m- 
MORTAL. 

death-like : cidavérésus, mortudsus 
(rare); liridus. v.GHastty. (Orexpr. 
by circuml., morti similis, simillimus.) 

death’s-head (@ moth): *sphinx 
atropos: Linn. 

death-warrant: *codicilli de nece 
alicujus scripti (or simply codicilli, when 
the context shows what is meant Tac, 
A. 1, 6). 
/;ceath-wateh ; *termes pulsatorius: 

nn. 


debar: 1. excliido, si, sum, 3. 
to be d’d from the honour of the trium- 
virate, decemviratus honore excludi, 
Cic.- v. TO EXCLUDE. 2. prohibeo, 2 
(constr, various: V.TO PREVENT) wilt 
thou d. us from the language of sup- 
pliants ? nos supplicum voce prohib- 
ebis? Cic.: tod. from friendship (with 
another person), a familiaritate pr., id.: 
I suppose the weather has hitherto d.d 
us frum having certain news of you, 
hiemem credo adhuec prohibuisse quo- 
minus de te certum haberemus, id. - 
who d. foreigners from frequenting 
their cities, qui peregrinos prohibent 
urbibus uti, id. 

debark: Vv. To DISEMBARK. 

debase: J. Lit.: (ofcoin): 1, 
Adultéro, 1 (gen. term for any kind 
of adulteration: q. v.). 9. misceo, 
2: V.TO ALLOY (I.).  [f, Fig.. to lower 
the character of anything: 1, dé- 
honeato, dédécdro: Vv. TO DISGRACE, DE- 
GRADE. 9. démitto, misi, missum, 3 
Cic.. to d. oneself to flattery, ad adula- 
tionem demitti, ‘l'ac.: v.TO CONDESCEND. 

debasing (a4j.): turpis, e (or dis- 
graceful): d. luxury, t. luxus, Juv. 

debasement: |, Lit: adulté- 
ratio, adultérium (gen. terms) Plin. 
ll. Fig.: hiimilitas, dédécus, dé- 
missio: V. ABASEMENT, DISGRACE. 
debate (v.): |. ‘Prans.- lodis- 
cuss : 1, disptito, 1 (i. e. to examine 
a thing carefully pro and con): v. bIs- 
cuss. 2. agito, 1 (with acc. or de 
and abl.): to d. a point with oneself, 
aliquid secum a., Ter.: Cic.: v. To CON- 
SIDER, REVOLVE. 8, ago, égi, actum, 
3 (with de and abl.: only of delibera- 
tive bodies): the conditions (of peace) 
were being d.d, de conditionibus (pacis) 
agebatur, Liv.. while the subject of 
Catiline’s conspiracy was being dd in 
the senate, quum de Catilinae conjura- 
tione ageretur in curia, Suet. ll. 
Intrans.: discepto, argimentor, con- 
certo, 1: V. TO ARGUE, DISCUSS. 

debate (subs.): 1. contréversia, 
disceptatio: V. DISPUTE, DISCUSSION. 

2, (Of a debate in a deliberative 
body): expr. by agitur (tmpers.) : 
during the d., interea dum [de ea re] 
agitur: v. preced. art. (3). 

debateable: ]. ambiguus. v. 
DOUBTFUL, UNCERTAIN. 2. dispiita- 
bilis, e: Sen. 3, controversus or 
controversidsus: Sen. Phr.: there 
was no d. point, controversia non erat, 
Cic.: tt was a d. matter, iu inverto 
erat, Sall.: that is ad. point, *de ea re 
in utramque partem agitur, agi potest 
there was some d. terriiory, *aliquan- 
tum agri erat juris incerti. 

debater: ], dispiitator: an acute 
d., an orutor by no means impetuous, d. 
subtilis, orator parum vebemens, Cic, 

9, argimenutator Tert. 

debauch (v.): |. Sodidly: = 
stupro, constupro, 1: Cic. 9. vitio, 
x: er. 3. corrumpo, riipi, ruptum, 
3: Mart.: Suet. I]. Mentally or 
morally: perdo, corrumpo v. TO CoR- 
RupT. Or expr. by circuml as, flagi- 
tiis imbuere, assuescere Vv DEBAUCH- 
ERY. mala facinora edocere, Sall Cut 
16. v. TO SEDUCE. 


debauch (subs.): cédmissitlo aS 
drinking bout): to prolong a d, 
185 


DEBAUCHEE 


DECAY 


DECEIVE 


er 


midnight, ad mediam noctem c. extend- 
ere, Suet.. v. REVEL, CAROUSE. 
debauchee: _1. ganeo, onis (fre- 
quenter of brothels): Cic.: Ter. AS 
scortator (= ganeo): Cic. 3. Expr. 
by adj.: as, homo impurus, flagitio- 
sus, dissolutus, Cic.: v. DEPRAVED, PRO- 
FLIGATE. Phr.. a young d., impurus 
adolescens et petulans, Cic. 
debaucher: |. lVit.: 1, cor- 
ruptor: d. of Vestals, c. Vestalium, Cic. 


2. stuprator : Suet. 3, constu- 
prator: Liv. J. Fig.: in moral 
sense: corruptor: Cic. E 

debauchery: 1, stuprum, esp. in 
pl.: steeped in d., stupris coopertus, 
Liv. (See also under 2.) 9. ganea 


(strictly @ brothel: hence licentious 
living: in this sense not ganeum): the 
reek and fume of your d.s, ganearum 
tuarum nidor atque fumus, Cic.. ‘Tac. 
In the same way {is used, lustra, orum, 
n.: as worn out by wine and d., vino 
lustrisque confectus, Cic. Join: in 
ganea lustrisque (vitam agere), Liv.; 
libido stupri, ganeae, Sall. 8, flagi- 
tium ; esp. in pl.: to plunge into d., in 
flagitia se ingurgitare, Cic.: in what d. 
they lived, quibus f. vixerint, id. (The 
word is applicable to disgraceful con- 
duct of all kinds, esp. sensuality.) 4. 
luxtria (not so strong as the pre- 


ceding): v. LuxuRY. Phr.: to give 
way to d., libidinor, Suet.; [amare, 
Sall.]: a house of d., domus in qua 


justra libidinesque versantur, Cic. v. 
LICENTIOUSNESS. 


debenture : 


(a writing acknow- 
ledging a debt) : 


1. ©) chirographum, 


or chirographus (note of hand): Cic. 
2. syngrapha (a bond) : Cic. 
debilitate; débilito, 1, Cic.: v. EN- 


FEEBLE. 
debility : 
FBEBLENESS, 
debit (swbs.): expensum: the ac- 
count of d. and credit between us tallies, 
ratio accepti et ex. inter nus convenit, 
Pl.: Cic. 
debit (v.): expensum (expensam pe- 
cuniam) alicui ferre, Cic.: this is the 
most precise phr.. may also be expr. 
by, in codicem or tabulas referre ; in 
rationes inducere (i.e. ‘o enter in an 
account-book): v. TO ENTER (t7 as.) 
debonair: perh. comis (courteous), 
or lépidus (graceful and fascinating) : 
V. GRACEFUL, AGREEABLE. 
debt: J]. Of money: 1, aes 
aliénum (the usual term of pecuniary 
obligation) : to be in d., in aere al. esse, 
Cic.: if very much so, aere al. laborare, 
Caes.: to contract a debt, aes al, contra- 
here, Cic. ; 3 conflare, Sall.: to get into d., 
in aes al. incidere, id.: head over ears 
in d., aere al. oppressus, Cic. ; demersus, 
Liv.: heavy d., aes al. grande, Sall.; 
magnum, Cic.: to liquidate ad, aes al. 
solvere, Sall.: Cic.: Liv.; dissolvere, 
‘Cic.; exsolvere, Cues.: not to be in any 
d., in aere al. nullo esse, Cic.: to get out 
of d., aere al. exire, id. But with the 
adject. pron. meus, tuus, etc., alienus 
must be omitted: as, in my d., in meo 
aere,Cic. 2, débitum (rare: and usu. 
with something in the context to limit 
tae to pay any one a d., alicui debitum 
ebitam pecuniam } solvere, Cic. 35 
Pees inis, 7. (lit. a name: hence only 
of debts that are booked): to enter a d., 
n. in codicem referre, Cic. : to transfer 
ad., n. in atium transcribere, Liv.: to 
pay a d.,p. solvere, Cic.: to call in d.s, 
nomina exigere, id.: to sue for ad. (de 
nomine) appellare, Cic. 4, créeditum 
(a loan): to hold security Jor a d. 
(loan), pignora in creditum possidere: 
Ulp. Phr.. an abolition of d.s, ta- 
bulae novae, Cic.: to pay every one his 
d, in full, solidum suum cuique solvere, 
not to be able to pay one’s d.s, non sol- 
vendo esse, Cic. (Vv. INSOLVENT): to 7e- 
mit a (loan) debt, creditas pecunias con- 
donare, Caes.: to be over head and ears 
in d., animam debere, Ter. Phor. 4, 3, 
ee (Kr. ). one who is so, obaeratns, Liv. : 
|]. In gen. sense; of any obh- 
gation: debitum. to pay the d. of nature 
186 


débilitas, infirmitas: v. 


(lit., tonature), naturae d. reddere, Nep.3; 
reddere, Curt. Phr.. to discharge one’s 
d. to one’s country, patriae quod quis 
debet sulvere, Gic.: to pay ad. of gra- 
titude, beneficium alicui solvere, id. : 
am still in your d., *adhuc tibi debeo. 
debtor : J. Lit. 1. debi- 
tor: Cic.: Hor.: a Jemale d., debitrix : 
Paul. Dig. 9. nomén (strictly a name 
booked: v. DEBT, 3: rare in this sense) : 
Cie. 3. dbaeratus : Caes.: Cic. : Liv. 
4, debens, ntis (¢mpery. part.) : Sen. 
{]. Fig.: debitor. a d. for his 
life, vitae debitor, Ov. Phr.: I am 
your d. for everything, *ommia, cuncta 
tibi debeo: better so expr. in prose 
than with debitor: v. TO OWE. 
debut ; initium: to make one’s d. on 
the stuge, initium in scenam prodeundi 


auspicari, Suet. Cal. 54: having made 
a successful d., *felicibus initiis in- 
gressus. 


decade; i. e. the number ten; ten of 
anything : 1. déctria: Varr.: Col. 
(But the word is generally used in wider 
sense.) 9, décas, adis, f.: ‘ert. 
used in M. L. to designate the decades 
of Livy: Forcell. s. v. 

decadence: (?) occasus, Us: 
CLINE. 

decalogue: décalogus: Tert. 

decamp: J. Lit.: to break up 
a camp: 1, (castra) moveo, movi, 
motum, 2: Caes.. Liv.: also with el- 
lipsis of castra : after he had d.’d from 
Canosa, postquam Canusio moverat, 
Cic. : Caes. 9. (signa) convello, velli 
or vulsi, vulsum, 3 (lit. fo tear up the 
standards trom the ground): Caes. 

3. discédo: v. DEPART. = [f, Fig. : 
to go away in a hurry or clandestinely : 

1. subdiico, xi, ctum, 3 (with pren. 


V. DE- 


vefl.): it is time Jor me to d. hence, 
tempus est s. hinc me, PI. 2. facesso, 
3: V. DEPART. Phr.: you just d.! 


hine vos amolimini ! Ter. 
decampment: discessus, 
DEPARTURE, FLIGHT. 
decant: 1. diffundo, fadi, fisum, 
3 (to nae into smaller jars): Hor. 
Ep. 5, 4. (Not detundo, which is 
sap to pour out, as into cups.) 2. 
transfundo, 3 : Col. 
decanter: perh. lagéna (a long- 
necked vessel) : Bie FLAGON ; Or, ampulla 
(big-bellied) : v. BOTTLE. 
abcantinn? ‘transfisio : Plin. (Usu. 
better expr. by verb: as, after d., quum 
diffusum sit vinum: v. TO DECANT.) 
decapitate: securi fério, detrunco, 
décollo: v. TO BEHEAD. 
decapitation: v. BEHEADING. 


figa: v. 


decasyllabic ; *décasyllabus . like 
hendecasyllabus (Plin. jun.). 
decay : |. As flowers : marcesco, 


flaccesco, défloresco:; Vv. FADE, WITHER. 
IJ. As buildings; to go to ruin: 
], dilabor, lapsus, 3: Lucr.: Liv. : 


Tac. (Not labor or collabor, which de- 
note actual falling and ruin.) os 
putresco, putris fio: i.e. to vot away: 
ef. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 49: cf. DECAYED. 

Wil Fig.. = déficio, 3: i.e. 
to fail, fall short: 2. dilabor, 


3 (to go to ruin: ct ame the com- 
monwealth is ding, respublica dilabitur:: 
Cie.: Hor. 3. minuo, diminuo, i, 
tium, 3 (in pass.): memory d.s (with 
years), memoria minuitur, Cie... v. 
DIMINISH. 4, sénesco, ui, 3 (lit. to 
grow old: very freq.): to d. and soon 
tocome to nought, s. brevique tempore ad 
nihilum venire, Cic.: opp. to cresco, 


Nep.: love d.s, 8. amor, Ov. 5, ta- 
besco, 3: VY. WASTE AWAY. Comp. 
foll. art. 

decay (subs.) : [Wiles 1. 


caries, @i, f. (rot): d. spreading be- 
neath the bark, c. cortici subnascens, 
Plin. 2, tabes, is, f. Cat De 
d.and death (of trees), t - morsque (ar- 
borum), Plin. 3. putredo, inis, f.: 
Vv. ROY. i. Fig.: 1. (from old 
age): senium: imactirity and d. of the 
mind, torpor mentis ac s., Sen.: to go 
to d. (of laws), senio emori, Gell. oF 
defectio: d. of strength, d. virium, Cic. 

3. diminitio: d. vf a family, 


d. familiae, Plin. Phr.: 
dilabi, senescere, etc. 
foll. art. 


to go to @., 
see verb, 


decayed (purt. adj.): |, Lit.: 
], caridsus (as teeth): Cels.: Plin. 

9, exésus (of which part is eaten 
away): ad. tooth, dens ex., Cels. 3 
marcidus (strictly, drooping, withered) : 
d. posts, asseres m., Vitr. 4, obsié- 


létus: a hut d. and joul, obsvletum 
sordibus tectum, Hor. tly iiaies: 
Phr.: a lion of d. strength, defectus 


viribus leo, Phaedr.: d. states, respub- 
licae quae labefactae sunt, Cic. (but the 
expr. is less strong than the Eng.): 
*quae senium passae sunt ; jam vetust- 
ate obsoletae. 
decaying (a4j.): _J, Lit.: piiter 
(-tris), putris, putre: Vacuna’s d. /ane, 
Vacunae fanum p., Hor. More usu., 
lipeniies: 1, déficiens, ntis 
(FAILING): Vv. TO FAIL. 9, cadicus 
(/alling, ready to fall): d. Jame, tama 
c., Ov. 8. intractus: i.e. enfeebled, 
impaired: See vv. 
decease : (subs.): décessus, obitus: 
V. DEATH. 
decease (v.): 1, démorior, mor- 
tuus, 3 (esp. with ref. lo a successor): 
one of the old senators having d.d, cum 
esset ex veterum numero quidam sena- 
tor demortuus, Cic.: into the room of 
the d.d, in locum demortui, id. 9. de- 
cédo, excédo: v. TO DIE. 
deceased (part. adj.): démortuus : 
v. preced. art. 
deceit: 1, fraus, fraudis, f. (differs 
from fallacia in denoting generally dis- 
honest action, whereas fallacia usu. refers 
to words only): either by open violence 
or by d., aut vi aut fraude, Cic.: v. 
FRAUD. 2. fallacia (in words): with- 
out humbug ov d., sine fuco et fallaciis, 
Cic. Join: ex fraude, fallaciis, men- 
daciis, Cic. ; per dolum et fallaciam, Pl. 
8, ddélus. esp in phr. dolo malo, i. e. 
maliciously and dishonestly, Cic.: Ulp. 
Often in pi.: Cic.: Caes.: Vv. STRATA- 
GEM, TRICKS, 4. mendacium (in 
words): v. LyING: jull of dishonesty 
and d., totus ex fraude et mendacio 
factus, Cic. Phr.. there is some d. in 
the matter, aliquis error latet, Virg. 
deceitful : 1, fallax, acis: a a. 
imitation and pretence of virtue, f. ini- 
tatio simulatioque virtutis, Cie: a 
false and d. hope, spes talsa et re id. 
2. ddlosus ( full of wiles and stru- 
tagems): V. CUNNING, 8. fraudt- 
lentus: V. DISHONEST. 4, vanus (fig. 
unsubstantial) : Vv. DECEPTIVE, VAIN. 
5, falsus: v. FALSE. Phr.: a d. 
rogue, vétérator (one old in deception) : 
Ter.: *ad_ tallacias, dolos, machinas, 
fraudes instructus, paratus: V. DECBIT, 
TRICKS. 
deceitfully : ], fallaciter; Cic. 
Join: ficte et fallaciter, Cic, ae 
duldse: v. CUNNINGLY. 3, per délum, 
per fallacias, etc.: v. DECEIT. 
deceitfulness: may usu. be expr. 
by means ot subs. for deceit (q. v.): esp. 
in pl.: such was his d., *tantae erant in 
eo fallaciae, tanta mendacia: to hate d., 
*traudes, dolos, fucuin et fallaciam om- 
nem odisse: v. DECEIT: v. Nagels. p. 
41 § 12 (L. G. § 591). 
deceitless (rare): Vv. GUILELESS. 
deceive: Trans.: 1. de- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3; usu. of enten- 
tional deception: to d. the foolish and 
unwary, stultos et incautos d., Cic. ve 
ave dd by an appearance of right, decipi- 
mur specie recti, Hor. Join: inducere, 
decipere ; omni fraude fallere, Cic. 2, 
fallo, féfelli, falsum, 3 (to lead into 
error ; intentionally or not): tod, any 
one by lies, mentiendo aliquem f, Cic. : 
Vv. supr. 3, indico, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
lead a person on uith words): Cie: 
Ter. (less treq. duco, Ter.). 4. lacto, 
I (sim. to induco: to entice on, cajole) : 
Ter. 5, traudo, circumvénio, ete. : 
Vv. TOCHEAT. 6, frustror, destituo: vy. 
TO DISAPPOINT. Comp. also TO DELUDE 
Foot, Phr.: tod. any one, alicui verba 
dare, Ter. Il. Intrans.: men- 


uur, 4: the forehead, the eyes, the face 


DECEIVER 


DECISION 


Neen eee ET EIEEIEI IEEE De 


very often d., frons, oculi, vultus per- 
saepe m., Cic.: J donot say he ws (um- 
tentionally) d.ing you, non dico illum 
m. tibi, Sen. 


deceiver: 1, déceptor (rare) : 
Sen. (poet.). 2. fraudator~ Cic.: v. 
CHEAT. (More usu. expr. by mentiri 


or some similar word: as, you are a d., 
mentiris: v. DECEIVE, LJ.); or by cir- 
cuml. as, a wicked d., *improbus falla- 
ciarum fabricator, artifex : ¥. DECEIT. 
December: |écember, bris, m.: icy 
D., gelidus D.,Cic. Phr.. a letter dated 
the last of D., litterae datae pridie Kal. 
Jan. (= Kalendas Januarias), Cic. Also 
as adj.: to avail oneself of D. licence, 
iibertate Decembri uti, Hor.: on the 
Jdes of D., \dibus Decembribus, Liv. 
(N B. Or Idibus Decembris.) 
decemviral: décemviralis, e. the d. 
-pouer, potestas d., Liv.. Cie, (Or expr. 
by gen. of decemviri: Vv. DECEMVIRS.) 
decemvirate: décemviratus, us, 
m.* Cic.: Liv. 
decemvir: décemvir, viri (more 
usu. in pl.; when the word is appli- 
cable to any board of ten): Cic.: Liv. 
decency: |. Of general bearing : 
1, décorum: see Cic. Off. 1, 28, 
where the entire subject is discussed: 
to observe d., d. servare, sequi, Cic.; 
custodire, Quint. 9. décentia (a rare 
word, and introduced by Cic. with ut 
‘ita dicam, N. PD. 2, 58, 146): v. FITTING- 
NESs. 3. décor, Oris (not to be con- 
founded with decus, decodris): Quint, 
4, hdnestas (a word of wider sig- 
nificance): v. HONOUR, RESPECTABILITY. 
|]. In more special sense: pidor, 
vérecundia: v. Mopesty. (N.B.—In 
both senses often better expr. by a 
verb: as, to have regard to d., *quid 
deceat curare; ne quid fiat quod pu- 
deat: v. BECOMING, PKOPER.) 
decennial: |. Lasting ten years: 
1, décennalis, e: Amm. 2. dé- 
cennis, e: a d. war, bellum d., Quint. 
(bellum decem annorum: L. G. § 274). 
Il. Occurring every tenth year: 
décennalis; d. games, decennalia, In- 
script. ap. Gruter. 
decent: 1, décens, décorus. v. 
BECOMING. 9, véerecundus: language 
by no means d., verba parum v., Quint. . 
Vv. MODEST. 8, honestus (of that 
which has nothing disgraceful about 
it): an orderly and d, entertainment, 
convivium moderatum et h., Cic.: v. 
RESPECTABLE. 4. very often expr. 
by: verb; as décet, or, in negative 
sense, d@décet Vv. BECOMING. 
decently: ], décenter: Cic.: v. 
BECOMINGLY. 9, honesté: that he 
might fall the more d., quo honestius 
caderet, Suet.: Ov. 3, décore: Cic. 
4, vérecundé. v. MODESTLY. 
deception: |. The act of deceiv- 
tng: fraus, fallacia, ddlus: v. DECE T. 
Or expr. by verb. as, to delight in «., 
*ex hominibus decipiendis voluptatem 
capere, mentiendo gaudere, etc.; Vv. DE- 
CEIVE. Phr.- to increase one’s stature 
by d., mendacio staturam adjuvare, Sen. . 
without any d. whatever, sine fuco et 
fallaciis, Cic. Att. 1, 1. I. The means 
of decewing: mendacium, dolus: v. 
LIE, STRATAGEM. Phr.: some d. lurks 
(in the horse), aliquis latet error, Virg. 
(N.B.—Not deceptio in either sense, ex- 
cept in inferior authors.) 
deceptive: 1, fallax, acis: d. 
merchandise, fallaces merces, Cic. 9. 
mendax, acis: a d. mirror, m. speculum, 
Ov. 3, vanus (i.e. empty. wnieal): 
to trust to d, speech, vanae orationi 
tredere, Cic.: Vv. FALSE, DECEITFUL. 
_deceptiveness : fallacia, menda- 
cium: Vv. DECEITFULNESS., 
decide: A, Trans.: |, Ju- 
dicially - 1, discepto, 1 (implying 
that the matter decided on is carefully 
weighed): to d. matters justly and 
wisely, res juste sapienterque d., Cic. : 
V. TO SETTLE. 2. dijidico, 1 (to ad- 
judicate between two parties): to d. a 
cause, causam d., Liv.: Cic. (also judico, 
with de. Caes,: Cic.). 3, décerno, 
crévi,crétum, 3}: V.TO DETERMINE. 4, 


dirimo, émi, emptum, 3 (to bring 4 
controversy to a settlement): to d. @ 
dispute, controversiam d., Cic.; litem 
d., Ov. 5, decido, cidi, cisum, 3 (to 
cut short litigation): to d. a question, 
quaestionem d., Ulp. (N.B.—Most of 
the above pir. may be used also in non- 
judicial sense.) Phr.. to d.a contro- 
versy, litem secare (poet.), Hor.. the 
matter has yet to be d.d, adhue sub 
judice lis est, Hor.: Vv. UNDECIDED. 
|J. Extra-judicial: to settle finally 
(cf. supr. jin.) : 1, décerno, 3: the 
first shout and onset d.d the matter, 
primus clamor et impetus rem decrevit, 
Liv.: the question will be d.d by this 
battle, whether, etc., decernetur hoc proe- 
lio utrum...., Caes. (In the same 
way Tac. uses armis disceptare.) DA, 
profligo, 1 (strictly to deal a heany blow, 
dash down; hence, virtually to decide a 
war): to d. the issue of wars, bella p., 
Tac. Ger 13. 3, débello, 1 (40 bring 
a war to an end: often impers.): the 
campaign was d.d by a single battle, 
uno proelio debellatum est, Liv. Phr.: 
to refer a matter to arms to d., rem ad 
arma deducere, Caes. I. Zo make 
up ones mind: statuo, constituo; de- 
cerno, etc. ; V. TO RESOLVE, DETERMINE. 
B, Intrans.: 1, jidico, 1: to 
d. faisely, falsum j., Cie. v. TO JUDGE. 
2. discepto, 1: to d. between friends, 
inter amicos d., Plin. 3, stutio, iii, 
itum, 3: to d. against any one, contra 
aliquem st., Cic. 4, décerno, 3: to 
d. in favour of, against, any one, se- 
cundum, contra, aliquem d., Cie. 
decided (adj.) : ]. Of persons 
firm, resolved : 1, firmus: with very 
d. temper, firmo [constantique] animo, 
Cic. (jun.). Cic.: d. am one's purpose, 
firmus proposito, Vell. Dy 
e: V. FIRM. 3, constans, ntis (con- 
sistent, adhering to its course): Cic.: 
Vv. supr. 4, ténax propositi (poet.) 
Hor. Il. Of things: about which 
there can be no doubt: ], certus: 
d. proofs, indicia ¢., Cic.: V. CERTAIN. 
9, manifestus- Cic.: Plin.: v. 
EVIDENT. 8, haud dtbius: v. UN- 
DOUBTED, 
decidedly : |. In a determined 
manner. firmé, firmiter: Vv. FIRMLY. 
I]. As a qualifying adverb, indis- 
putably: Phr. d. first, facile princeps, 
Cic. . d. the most flourishing state, longe 
opulentissima civitas, Liv. © AS 
word of affirmation: assuredly: plane, 
sané, vero, Guimvero, etc,: Vv. OER- 
TAINLY, YES. 
decider; disceptator, arbiter, tri, 
m.: judex, arbiter: v. JUDGE, ARBITER. 
deciduous: déciduus: d. leaves, 
folia d., Plin. 
decimal: |. As adj.: (@) dena- 
tins (containing or consisting of 10) 
Vitr. Plin. Phr.: the d. system, 
(2) * ratio denaria. I]. As subs. : 
*numerus per partes denarias in- 
structus (?). 
decimate: |. Lit.: décimo: to 
d.a cohort, cohortem d., Suet. (Might 
be expr. by decimum quemquem mi- 
licem_interficere.) Fig.: dé- 
popilor, 1: a@ violent pestilence vas 
ding the whole human race, vis pesti- 





stabilis, | 


lentiae omne mortalium genus depopu- | 


labatur, l'ac.: v. TO RAVAGE, 

decimation: décimatio: Capitol. 

decipher: Phr.: to d. what ws 
written in cipher, res per notas scriptas 
investigare et persequi, Suet. Caes. 56 
the kgyptian hieroglyphics have been 
dd, *Aegyptiorum literas sacras atque 
indagatas atque perspectas babemus: 
V. TO EXPLAIN. 

decipherment: imvestigatio, in- 
dagatio: Vv. INVESTIGATION, EXPLANA- 
TION. 

decision: |. Judgment delivered ; 
esp. in a judicial manner : . de- 
cretum (esp. of a deliberative body): the 
d. of the provincial senate, a. decuri- 
onum, Cic.; Caes.: Vv. DECKEE, DETER- 
MINATION. 2. sententia: v. SEN- 
TENCE. 3. judicinm (less freq. in 
this sense): Sen. 4. disceptatio (the 


i 


DECLARATION 





act or right of deciding): to refer the d, 
of a matter, d. rei ad aliquem rejicere, 
Liv. 5, arbitrium (prop. the decision 
of an arbiter, as judicium is that of a 
j : also in gen. sense): a matter 
within one’s own d., sui arbitrii res, 
Nep.: Liv. (Arbitratus occurs in the 
abl. case . senatiis arbitratu, Suet.) 6, 
décisio (a legal settlement): Cic. Ulp. 
Phr. to abide by the d. of the senate, 
in auctoritate senatus esse, Liv.: to 
leave a matter to any one’s d., rem aticui 
permittere, Liv. ; to refer it, ad aliquem 
rejicere, id. Il. Fig.: of the issue of 
battles, ote.: Phr.. to await the d. of 
a battle, eventum pugnae exspectare, 
Caes.: the d. of the struggle rested with 
arms, *penes arma erat summa rerum. 
II]. As a quality: firmness: con- 
stantia (animi), firmitas; firmus ani- 
mus. Phr.: (essays) on d. of character, 
*de ea quae debet esse animi firmitate 
atque constantia’ d. is needed, vpus est 
mature facto (strictly of prompt, de- 
cided action), Sall. 
decisive: décrétorius (late). a d. 
sentence, d. sententia, Sen.- a d. battle, 
d. pugna, Quint. (universae rei dimi- 
catio, Liv. 1, 383 d. ultima, Liv. 1, 15) 
Phr.: the combatants parted without a 
d. result, manibus aequis abscessum 
est, Tac.. Sall.- the d. point in a cause, 
causae cardo, Quint.- fo fight a d. en- 
gagement, in casum universae dimica- 
tionis venire, Liv.: the d. or critical 
point, discrimen : v. CRISIS. 
decisively : praccisé (cutting the 
matter short): to refuse d., p. negare, 
Ulp. Phr.: to prove d., *certissimis 
indiciis (argumentis) monstrare. 
deck (v.): |. To ornament: ex- 
ormo, orno, I° V. ADORN, BEAU IFY. 
See also DECKED. []. To furnish with 
a deck: ponte struere, iac.: v. foll 
art. 
deck (subs.): pons, pontis. m. : ships 
floored with d.s, naves pontilus stratae, 
Tac. A. 2, 6 (where, however, partial 
decks are meant). Phr.: a ship with 
a d., navis constrata, Cic.: ships with- 
out d.s, naves apertae, Cic.. twenty 
Rhodian ships all with ds, viginti 
Rhodiae naves, tectae omnes, Liv. 
decked ( part. adj.): i. e. adorned : 
décorus, insignis. Vv. GRACED. 
declaim: |. To speak rhetoric- 
ally; esp. by way of practice: i: 
déclamo, 1: they say that Demosthenes 
used to d. to the waves, ad fluctum aiunt 
d. solitum Demosthenem, Cic. Fe- 
quent., declamito, to practise declaim- 
ing: Cie. 2. pronuntio, 1: v. TO RE- 
CITE. I]. To declaim agarnst : 1: 
invéhor, vectus, 3 (with in and acc.): to 
d. vehemently against any one, in ali- 
quem vehementer in., Cic.: Liy.: v. T0 
INVEIGH AGALNSE. 9. incesso, ces- 
sivi and cessi, 3 (with acc.): v. TO AT- 
TACK. 3, quasi conciénabundus (ali- 
quem) lacesso  criminor (based on 
Liv.). 
declaimer: ]. In strict sense 
déclamator. Cic. |]. in bad sense 
1, clamator [odivsus ac molestus], 
Cic. de Or. 3, 21, 81: defined just be- 
fore as vulgaris orator .. . attamen ip 
dicendo exercitatus, lc. 2. decla- 
mator aliquis de ludo, Cic. Or 15 
(Rabula is a wrangling, peltiogguig 
pleader in courts.) 
declamation: _ |. 7he practice of 
declaiming : déclamatjo. Cic. il. A 
speech for declaiming : 1. déclam- 
Atio: Sen.. Juv (who uses it for a 
subject of declamation , 10, 167). 2: 
schdlastica Sen. Ill. Zurgid speech : 
ampullae: Hor. A. P. 97. 
declamatory: |. Lit.: déclam- 
atdrius: a d. production, d. opus, Cic. : 
a d. style, d. (scribendi) genus, Cic. 
||. Fig.: ¢urgid: timidus, inflatus 
V. BOMBASTIC. 
déclaration : . A profession: 
], professio: a d. of good will, 
bonae voluntatis p., Cie. 9, déclar- 
atio (whether by words or deeds): the ad 
of your sentiments. d. animi tui, Cic. 
Il. A formal statement: : 1.@¢ 
107 


DECLARATIVE 


one’s name, property, etc): préfessio - 
Cic.: Liv. 9. rénuntiatio (by a ma- 
gistrate): the d. of the poll, suffragi- 
orum r., Cic. Phr - to make a d. on 
oath, affirmare jurejurando, Liy.: v. 
TO DECLARE. Il. 4 proclamation : 
dénunciatio: a a. of war, belli d., Cic. 
(N.B.—Not indictio, which is a kind of 
umpost.) IV. Of a form of action: 
éditio: Ulp.. Dig.- v. acTION. V. 
Of sale: proscriptio: Cic. 

declarative (rare): déclarafivus: 
Mart. Cap. (Better expr. with verb: 
quod deciaret, manifestet, etc.: v. TO 
DECLARE.) 

declare: A, Trans. |. To 
make known: |, declaro, 1 (by words 
or deeds): the gods often d. their pre- 
sence, praesentiam saepe suam divi d, 
Cic.. V. TO MANIFEST. 2, patéfacio, 
3: V. REVEAL, UNFOLD. 8. apério, 
ti, rtum, 4: to d. one’s opinion, seu- 
tentiam suam ap., Cic.: Vv. DISCLOSE. 

4, édico, xi, ctum, 3 (to say out 
plainly): bevng ordered by the consul to 
d. what he knew, a consule jussus quae 
sciret e., Sall. 5, édo, didi, ditum, 3 
(= edico}: d. your name and country, 
ede tuum nomen et patriam, Ov. 6. 
profiteor, fessus, 2 (esp. of giving 
regular notice or information) : to d. the 
number of acres (owned), jugera pr., 
Cic.: to d. what share of spoil any one 
possesses, quantum quis habeat praedae 
pr., Cic. ||. Zo proclaim : 1. de- 
nuntio, Ir: 
d. war, quos senatus ad denuntiandum 
bellum miserant, Cic. 9. indico, xi, 
ctum, 3- he d.d war against the Roman 
people in lis own name, bellum populo 
Romano suo nomine indixit, Cic. 
déclaro, 1 (less freq. in this sense): AZ. 
Tullius and C. Antonius are d.d consuls, 
consules declarantur M. Tullius et C. 
Antonius, Sall. Cat. 24: Cic.: he ds 
Cloanthus wctor by the herald’s voice, 
victorem praeconis voce Cloanthum de- 
clarat, Virg. 4, rénuntio, 1 (of the 
formal announcement of elections, 
auspices; the technical word): he is d.d 
consul, consul renuntiatur, Cic.: Varr.: 
Liv. 5, pronuntio, 1 (openly; by 
word of mouth): the judices d. their 
verdict, judices sententiam pr., Cic.: v. 
TO PROCLAIM. 6, appello, 1 (to name, 
designate): he d.s Achates victor, vic- 
torem appellat Achaten, Virg.: (ali- 
quem) regem appellare may refer either 
to the first designation o/ a king, or to 
his being afterwards called by that title: 
ef. Caes. B. G. 7, 4. (To d. king may 
be approximately expr. by regem facere, 
creare: Vv. TO APPOINT. or if the cere- 
mony of a proclamation be intended, 
perh. indicere or nuntiare: v. TO AN- 
NOUNCE.) 7, juidico, 1 (with ref. toa 
formal decision by a gudicial authority) : 
to d. any one a public enemy, aliquem 
hostem j., Cic.- Nep. 8, praedico, 1 
‘announce @s @ crier): V. TO PROCLAIM. 
See also TO PROFESS, PUBLISH. iB 
Intrans.. |. JZoaffirm,avow: 1, 
profiteor, fessus, 2 (to d. freely, openly) : 
they d. they will shrink from no peril, 
profitentur se nullum periculum recus- 
are, Caes.: Cic.: v. TO PROFESS, AVUW. 
9. aitirmo, confirmo, 1 (¢o assert 

strongly): V.TO AFFIRM, MAINTAIN. |], 


Fig.: to d. for, i.e. to show oneself 


fevourable to: Phr.: fortune dd for 
the right of natwns, pro jure gentium 
stetit fortuna, Ov.: to d. for any one, in 
causam ulicujus descendere, Liv. ; partes 
alicujus sequi, Vell.- th= people d.d for 
hum, in bunc favor populi se inclinabat, 
Liv.- when some d.d for Sulla. others 
for Cinna, cum alii Sullanis, alii Cin- 
nanis partibus laverent, Cic.: victory 
d.d for the paties, victoria penes patres 
fuit, Liv.: they wanted to see on which 
side victory would d. herself, *exspecta- 
bant donec palam foret utrius partis 
esset victoria; ab utra parte fortuna 
rem daret, cf. Liv. 1, 27. \ 

declension : |, Sinking, dete- 
rioration: V. DECLINE. Il. Inflec- 
tions: 1. dé@clinatio: Quint.: Varr, 

9. flexus, is: Quint. 
188 


whom the senate had sent to | 








DECOMPOSE 
declinable: 1, deéclinabilis, e: 
rise. 9. casiialis,e. Varr.. Prisc. 

declination; déclinatio, Cic: by 
which the declination of the Lucretian 
atoms may be expr : cf. Lucr. 2, 221, 
where the verb declino occurs in this 
sense: Vv. INCLINATION. 
decline: A, Intrans.: }. 
To incline from the perpendicular : 
déclino, 1: Lucr. 2, 221 (for which he 
has just before used spatio decedere). 
9. inclino, vergo: v. TO INCLINE. 
Il. Fig.: of day, noon, etc.: to 
begin to go down or end: 1, inclino, 
1 (with pron. refl. or as pass.: also 
intrans.): day having d.d towards after- 
moon, inclinato (flexo, Tac.) in post- 
meridianum tempus die, Cic.: day had 
d.d before, etc., prius sol se meridie 
inclinavit, quam, etc., Liv.: thow see’st 
the noon d., inclinare meridiem seutis, 
Hor. Q, décresco, crévi, 3: when day 
as d.ing, decrescente die, Plin. i“ 
vergo, 3: Suef.: v.TO INCLINE. Ill. 
To decay : senesco, déminuor 07 minvor, 
déficio: v. TO DECAY, DETERIORATE. 
IV. Joabate; esp.of prices: 1, 
laxo, 1: the price of cornhad d.d, annona 
laxaverat, Liv. 9, miniior, itus, 3: 
the price of corn d.d, frumenu pretinm 
minutum, Tac. 3, lévo, 1 (with 
pron. refl.): cf. Cic. Mil. 27,72. __B. 
Trans.: |. To refuse: 1, réniio, 
réniti, 3 (prop. by a gesture). tod. a ban- 
quet, convivium r., Cic. 9, détrecto, I: 
esp. in phr., ¢o d. battle, pugnam de- 
trectare, Liv. 3. récuso, 1: to d. the 


Sriendslap of the Roman people, populi 


2omani amicitiam r., Caes.: v. TO RE- 
FUSE. Phr.: tod. (agift) politely, “ be- 
nigne’’ respondere, Hor. |], Zo inflect : 
1, déclino, 1: Charis. Q, flecto, xi, 
xum, 3: Varr. 
decline (subs.): |. Falling off : 
1, déflectio: d. of strength, virium 
d, Cic. 9, déminitio, imminttio: v. 
DIMINUTION, DECAY. Phr.: the power 
of Pompey was on the d., *Pompeius in 
dies minor fieri: to cause a d. in the 
price of corn, annonam laxare, levare, 
Cic.; pretia frngum levare, Tac.: he 
said he was in the d. of life, dixit suam 
aetatem vergere, Tac.: @ woman in the 
d, of life, vergens annis femina, Tac. : 
the d. and fall of the commonwealth, 
occasus interitusque reipublicae, Cic. 
Il. Consumption: tabes, phthisis: 
Vv. CONSUMPTION. 
declining (adj.): |. Lit.: very- 
ing: 1, pronus (esp. poet.): the sun 
was d., p. erat Titan, “Ov. de- 
vexus: the most delightful rs age just 
d. but not hastening to a close, jucund- 
issima est aetas d. jam, non tamen prae- 
ceps, Sen. 8. declinatus: wm d. age, 
aetate d., Cic. 4, déclivis, e: the d. 
sun, sol d. in occasum, Plin.: v. sEer- 
TING, SINKING. Il. Fig.: growing 
less: déficiens, infractus; V. DECAYING. 
declining (subs.): i.e. refusal: deé- 
trectatio. v. REFUSAL. (Or expr. by 
verb: v. TO DECLINE.) 
declivity : 1, clivus- v. sLoPE, 
INCLINE. 2. declive, is, nm. (neut. 
adj.; used substantively after a prep.) : 
to retreat by a d., recipere se per de- 
clive, Caes. 8, proclive, is, n. (= de- 
clive): Lucr.; Liv. , déclivitas 
(rare): Caes. 5, proclivitas (rare) : 
Hirt.: v. ASCENT, DESCENT. 
declivitous (rare): déclivis, pro- 
clivis, clivOsus: Vv. STEEP. 
dezoct: décéquo, xi, ctum, 3: Col.: 
Plin. 
decoction: 1. décoctum: a d. 
of the stalks in sour wine, d. caulicu- 
lorum in vino austero, Plin. 2. de- 
coctara: Plin. 8. décoctio: Coel. 
Aur.: Apul. 4. Apozéma, Atis, n.: 
Aemil. Macer. 
decollate: v. DECAPITATE. 
decompose: A. lrans.: } 
To resolve nto primary elements : 3h 
solvo, dissolvo, résolvo, 3: Vv. TO RE- 
SOLVE, DISSOLVE. 2. rétexo, til, xtum, 
3 (lit. to unweave ; poet.) : nor can (these 
bodies) be dd, nec possunt (haec cor- 
pora) retexi, Lucr. [!. 





Yo make , 


DECREE 


rotten: putréfacio, féci, factum, 3: 
moisture ds the seeds, humor semina 
p., Col.: vy. To RoT.  §, Intrans.: 
|. Zo return to original elements : 

résolvo, dissolvo, solvo, 3 (with pron. 
refl.; OF aS pass.): V.TODISSOLVE.  |f, 
To decay: putresco, putris fio: v. TO 
ROT. t 

decomposition : 
into primary elements : 
Cic. 9, dissdlitio: Cic. 3, résd- 
lutio: Isid. [|]. Corruption : if 
tabes, is, f.: Plin. 2. putror, Oris, 
m.: Arnob. 3. putredo, inis, f.: 
Apul.: Vv. ROTTENNESS. 

decorate: orno, exorno, décoro, 1: 
v.TO ADORN. Phr.: to d.a building: 
*aedificium ornamentis (cujusvis gene- 
ris) instruendum curare. 

decoration: |. The act of deco- 
rating: ornatio: Vitr.; exornatio, Col. 
(Or expr. by verb: v. TO AvORN.) —[f, 
An ornament : 1, ornamentum: the 
d.s from the shrine of Hercules, orna- 
menta ex fano Herculis, Caes.: consular 
d.s, consularia orn., Suet.: Cie. oy 
décus, dris, n. (a distinction): a regal 
d., regium d., Sen. 8. décéramen, 
inis, m. (rare): Sil. 4, insigne, is, 
N.: V. BADGE}; INSIGNIA. 

decorator: exornator: Cic. (Or 
expr. with verb: as, the d. of a temple, 
qui templum ormamentis decorandum 
suscipit, omni genere omamentorum 
vestiendum curat (based on Cic.). 

decorous: décorus (esp. of gestures, 
manners): V. BECOMING. (Or expr. by 
phr.: as, if is by no means d., minime 
decet; omnino dedecet: v. BECOMING = 
that which is not d., quod a communi 
sensu abhorret: V. PROPRIETY. (Decens 
is chiefly poet.) 

decorously: décoré: v. BECOMINGLY, 
DECENTLY. 

decorticate: 1, décortico, 1 (= 
coriicem arbori detraho): Plin. a 
délibro (of the inner bark): Col. 

decortication: décurticatio: Plin. 

decorum; décorum (— quod decet) : 
Cic. : V. DECENCY. 

decoy (v.): J, Lit. (of animals): 

1, illicio, allicio, lexi, lectum, 3: 

comp. Pl. As. 1, 3, 67. 2, inesco, 1 
(to entice by a bait): Ter. 8, illice 
(aves, bestias) inducere atque capere (?): 
comp. subs. |, Fig. : illicio, allicio, 
pellicio; v. ALLURE, SEDUCE, INVEIGLE. 

decoy (subs.): J. Lit: 1. 
illex or illix, icis, m.: a fowler am TI: 
the bait a woman, the d. her bed, auceps 
sum ego; esca est meretrix, lectus illex 
est, Pl. As. 1, 3, 67. Q, allector(?): 
cf. Col. 8, ro. Il. Fig.: any allure- 
mens: esca, illecebrae: V. ALLUREMENT, 
SEDUCTION. 

decrease (¥.): 


|. Resolution 
1, sdittio: 


A. Trans.: minuo, 
déminuo, exténuo: Vv. TO DIMINISH. BB, 
Intrans.. 1, décresco, Evi, étum, 
3 (of that which has a pouer of growth 
in itsel/): oysters increase and d. (grow 
and jall off) im unison with the moon, 
ostreae cum luna pariter crescunt pari- 
terque d., Cic.: d.ing rivers, decrescentia 
flumina, Hor.- the fever has d.d, febris 
decrevit, Cels. 2, minor fio: the heap 
gradually ds, *paullatim minor fit cu- 
mulus. V TO DIMINISH. 8, minuor, dé- 
minuor, tutus, 3: the days d.. minuuntur 
dies, Sen. Phr.: the fever d.s, febris 
levatur, remittitur, Cels.: the price has 
dd, retro abiit pretium, Plin.: the heat 
d.s, calor se frangit, Cic.; v. TO ABATE. 

decrease (subs.): 1, deécrescentia 
(waning): the daily d. of the moon, 
lunae quotidiana d., Vitr. 9. immi- 
niitio (most gen. term): without any d. 
of your dignity, sine ulla im. dignitatis 
tuae, Cic. 8, déminitio: v. DIMINC- 
TION. (Or expr. by verb: as. the increase 
or d. of anything, *quantum quid auc- 
tum imminutumve sit. V. TO DIMINISH.) 

decreasing (adj.): Phr.: inad. 
ratio, *ea ratione (lege) ut quid paul- 
latim imminuatur, 
_ decreasingly: *ita ut paullatim 
imminuatur; in minus, 

decree (v.): 1, décerno, crévi, 
cretum, 3 (esp. of the senate): the senate 


ry ¢ 


DECREE 


dd a triumph tc Afrwanus, senatus | 
triumphuin Africano decrevit, Cic.: the 
senate dd and. the people ratified, senatus 
decrevit populusque jussit, Cic.: also of 
individuat magistrates: Cic. 2, censeo, 
iii, usum, 2 (of the vole of a deliberative 
body as the senate): what the senate 
hath d.d, ratify ye, quae patres censue- 
runt, vos jubete, Liv.. Caes. 3, con- 
scisco, seivi, scitum, 3 (of people as well 
as senuie): all the Tuscans had dd 
war, Vusci omnes consciverant bellum, 
Liv.: Cic. Also, scisco, esp. of a 7es0- 
lution of the plebs: what the commons 
should d., quae scisceret plebs, Cic.: Vv. 
subs. (3). 4. jibeo, jussi, jussum, 2 
(of the le only): the people d.d (that) 
Tullus Hostilius (should be) Icing, Tul- 
jum Hostilium regem populus jussit, 
Liv.: Cic. (v- supr.). §, sancio, sanxi, 
sanctum, and sancitum, 4 (to enuct so- 
lemuly): he d.d a pardon and amnesty 
for all deeds and words for ever, om- 
nium factorum dictorumque veniam et 
oblivionem in perpetuum sanxit, Suet. : 
Gic.: v.TOENACT. 6, placet, 2, impers. 
(with dat.): the senute ds that, etc., 
senatui placet (followed by ut or acc, 
and inf.), Cic. . "twas thus dd by heaven, 
hoc placitum est superis, Val. Flac.: v. 
RESOLVE. (Not edico; which is to tssue 
an authoritative order, as was done by 
magistrates: v. TO ORDER.) 
decree (swbs.); 1, décrétum (usu. 
of the senate or superior mugistrates) : 
ad. g the senate, senatus d., Caes.: Cic. 
, consultum (also less freq. con- 
sultus, as: Sall.: Plin.)- only of the 
senate, senatus-consultum, also written 
s. C., Cic.: Liv. (S.-consultum denotes 
a decree that has been deliderately con- 
sidered: S.-decretum may refer to any 
decision: Dict. Ant. 387. Auc- 
toritas is also used less formally of ex- 
pressed opinions of the senate: V Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v.) §, scitum (usu. of 
the commons): a d. of the plebs was 
made on the motion of the tribunes, s. 
plebis est factum rogantibus tribunis, 
Liv.: Cic.- more freq. written as one 
word, plebiscitum, Cie.: Liv. (populi 
scitum when other nations are referred 
to, Liv.; but Tac. bas populi scita of 
the Roman people; A. 3, 58): less freq. 
of other official ordinances: the d.s of 
the Pontijex. publica Pontificis scita, 
Liv. 4, jussum (of the people; buta 
less formal and authoritative term): cf. 
Cic, Caec. 33, 96. Join: jussa ac scita, 
Cic. Balb, 18, 42. 5, édictum (the 
legal ordinance of 4 magistrate; esp. a 
praetor): v. EDIcT. _§, _praescriptum: 
v. RULE. 
decrement: décrementum: Gell. 
decrepit: décrépitus: a d. old man, 
d. senex, Pl.: Ter.: Cic. (v. foll. art.). 
(Or expr. by phr. as, confectus senec- 
tute, Cic.; aetate, Sall.: defectus annis 
et desertus viribus, Phaedr.: v. FEEBLE, 
DISABLED.) 
decrepitude : 
Cic.; exacta, Liv. 
tus: V. OLD-AGE. 
decrescent: décrescens ; s@nescens : 
V. TO DECREASE, DECAY 
decretal (uuj.): decré.alis, e: Ulp. 
decretal (subs.): i.e. letter of the 
supreme Pontiff: decrétalis, is, fi: (se. 
epistola). v. Du Cuuge, s. V. 
decretory (ad.): decretorius : Sen. 
decrial; obtreciatio, malédicta (pL), 
ete.: V CALUMNY, ABUSE. 
decry; vittipéro, criminor, détrecto, 
obi recto, etc.: V.TO CENSURE, DISPARAGE, 
CaLuMNIATE. Phr. to be d.’d, male 
audire, Cic.; infamia flagrare (a very 
strong expr.), id.: infamem esse, Col.: 
Vv. TO SFEAK AGAINST. 
decrier : vitipérator : qui vituperat, 
criminatur: v. TO VECRY. 
decurion: décitrio, 


eg. 

decury (party of ten) : déciiria: Col. 

decussate (v.): décusso, 1: Cic. 
The part. decussatus is used as adj.: 
Col.. v. To cross. Phr.: d.d lines, 
lineae in decusses obliquae, Plin. 


dedicate: 1, dédico 1: fo d. a) 








1, aetas decrépita, 
9. sénium, sénec- 


6nis: Varr. : 


DEED 


temple to Saturn, aedem Saturno d., 
Liv.: to d. a (statue of) Juno, Junonem 
d., Liv. Fig.: d.ing that book to your 
honour and deserts, honori et meritis 
dedicans illum librum tuis, Phaeér. 2, 
dico, 1 (less freq. than dedico): to d. a 
shrine to Minerva, delubrum Minervae 
d., Plin.: to d a@ book to Muecenas, 
librum Maecenati d., Plin. (The word 
is more frequent in non-religious sense 
Vv. TO DEVOTE.) 3, consecro, I (to set 
apart to a religious use: whereas dedico 
refers to the legitimate ceremony of de- 
dication) : ¥. TO «ONSECRATE, 4, in- 
augiiro, 1 (by taking the auspices): v 
TO INAUGURATE. Phr.: that I should d. 
to him what J have written, ut mittam 
ad eum quae scripsi, Cie.: what ts d.d 
to thee, res ad te scriptae, Lucil.: I. 7. 
Cicero’s three dialogues (a.d) to his bro- 
ther Quintus, M. I’. Ciceronis ad Quintum 
Fratrem dialogi tres, Cic. 

dedication : 1, dedicatio: d. of 
a temple, aedis d., Liv.. Suet. (Not 
dicatio in this sense.) 9, nunciipatio 
(only of a book): Plin. (For the differ- 
ence between dedico and consecro, v. 
TO DEDICATE.) 

dedicatory: Phr.: a d. prayer, 
précatio (the context defining it): cf. 
Liv. 2, 8, fin.: d. formula, *dedicationis 
carmen: Vv FORMULA: epistle d., prae- 
fatio, Plin. pref. fin.: more precisely, 
*epistola und cum libro ad aliquem 
scripta 3 epistola librum dicantis ad 
aliquem honoris causa scripta (?) ° but 
in general it suffices to prefix the names 
of the persons concerned; as, “ Plinius 
Secundus Vespasiano Suo ” Pref. N. H. 

deduce: |. Zoderwe from: répéto 
(to go jar back for), duco, dédiico  v. 
TO DERIVE. {]. Yo argue, infer one 
thing from another: colligo, concludo : 
Vv. TO CONCLUDE, INFER. 

deducible; consectarius (lit. conse- 
quent, following legitimately). Cic. Or 
expr. by circuml., *quod ex concessis 
colligi potest, sequitur. 

deduct: 1. dédiico, xi, ctum, 3: 
d. from the capital whut has been pard 


Sor interest, de capite deducite quod ust- | 


ris pernumeratum est, Liv. de- 


traho, xi, ctum, 3: ¢o d. something from 


the sum total, ex ea summa d., Cic.. 
Nep. 8, déminuo, ui, itum, 3: fo a. 
five sesterces from one mina, de mina 
una quinqgue nummos d., Pl. 4, 
rémoveo, movi, motum, 2: Hor. A. iP: 
327. §, (in pass.): décédo, ssi, ssum, 
3: nothing will be dd from the total, 
de summa nihil decedet, Ter.; Cic.- 
Liv. Phr.: he (ruthlessly) d.s 5 per 
cent. from the capital, quinas hic capiti 
mercedes exsecat, Hor. S. 1, 2, £4. 
deduction: |. Zaking away some- 
thing - j, déductio: to make d.s, 
deductiones facere, Cic. 9, décessio: 
Cic. (Usu. better expr. by verb: as, to 
make a d. of one per cent., partem cvnt- 
esimam de capite deducere- to make a 
considerable d., aliquantum de summa 
detrahere: v. TO DEDUCT.) ff, Jn logi- 
cal sense ; that which is deduced : consé- 
quens, quod consectarium est, Cic. (Not 
deductio in this sense.) Phr.- the d.s 
of geometry, *quae a geometris demon- 
strantur. 
deductive: Phr.- d. reasoning, 
*argumentandi (ratiocinandi) id genus 
quo omnia ex principtis quibusdam con- 
cluduntur atque demonstraniur ; dis- 
serendi ratio ex principiis facta. 
deed: |. Vhingdone: 1, factum: 
v. ACT. 9, res, rei, f (where doing 
is implied in the context). the ds of the 
Athenians, Atheniensium res gestae. 
all. to declare their will (of the people) 
by actual d.s, voluntatem suam declarare 
rebus ipsis et factis, Julian. Dig. Jn 
very d., révéra, reapse : V. REALITY (in). 
3. facmus, Oris, m.: 1 e. @ bold, 
daring deed: v. ACHIEVEMENT, CRIME. 
Phr.: an evil d., maleficium, male- 
factum; a good d., beneficium (a kind- 
ness), benefactum (esp. in pl.): Cic. 
_ A legal instrument: ], in- 
stramentum (rare): @ d. of purchase, 
emptionis inst., Scaev. Q. syngrapha 


| 








DEEPLY 





V. BOND, CONTRACT. 3, tabiila: ofter 
pl. a marriage-d.,. tabulae nuptiales, 
Lac.; matrimoniales, Jul. lirm.: todraw 
up a marriage-d., tabulas sponsales 
scribere, Hier. Phr.: in accordance 
with the d. of contract, ex lege loca- 
tionis, Cic. 

deem: piito, hibeo, diico, existimo, 
etc,’ V. TO THINK. 

deep (a/).): |. Lit. 1, altus 
ditches three feet d., scrobes tribus pedi- 
bus a., Pall. (Cic. would have written 
tres pedes) ad. ve ll, a. puteus, PL- a 
d. wound, a. vulnus, Virg. Very d., 
praealtus, Liv, ; Sall 2 protundus 
(very deep, as an abyss) te d. sea, 
mare p., Cic.: d. valleys, p. valles, Stat. 
Vv. BOTTOMLESS. 3, dépressus (rare 
and late): a d. place, locus d., Frontin, 
Phr.: a d. furrow, sulcus alte impres- 
sus, Cic.; an ummensely d. cavern, spe- 
lunca infinita altitudine, id.; in mi- 
randam altitudinem depressa, cf. id. 
Verr. 5, 27, 68 (but spelunca pedes 
quinquaginta in altitudinem would not 
be good v. supr.1) to strike d, root, 
radices penitus agere, Quint. ||, By 
anal.; in various senses Phr.: d 
sleep, arctus (artus) somnus, Cic.; also 
altus somnus, Hor.: d. silence, alta 
silentia, Ov.; having drawn up (hts) 
army three d., triplici instructa acle, 
Sall.: ranks ten d., deni ordines in lati- 
tudinem, Frontin. a deeper line, latior 
acies, Liv, the d. gloom of a prison, 
profunda nox carceris, Quint.. d. and 
abstruse matters, res reconditae abstrus- 
aeque, Cic. to lay a deep plot for any 
one, insidias penitus abstrusas contra 
aliquem ponere, Cic.: he drew a d. sigh, 
petivit suspirium alte, Pl a d. con- 
viction, opinio firma, Cic. he stood in 
d, thought, stetit cogitabundus, GelL: 
d. thought, attentissima cogitatio, Cie. 

II], Of sounds: gravis, e. a d. 

sound, g. sonus, Cic.. Quint. IV. Of 
colours j, situr, tira, trum: a d. 
colour, 8. color, Plin.: a deeper purple 
purpura saturior, Sen. Q. saturatus 
Plin. 3. (2) austérus. Plin. (opp. to 
floridus color, 35, 12). VY, Of the 
minds in good sense altus: a d, or 
profound mind, alta indoles, Liv. very 
d. learning, altissima eruditio, Plin.- v. 
PROFOUND. VI. = cunning, artful : 
callidus, ddldsus, subdélus: Vv ARTFUL, 
CUNNING, 

deep (subs.): 1, altum  fassed on 
the d., jactatus alto, Virg. 2. pro- 
fundum (rare). the father of the d. 
(Neptune), pater profundi, Val. Bit ly ob 
pontus (the deep sea): Virg. Ov 
Vv. SEA. 

deepen: J. Trans.: expr. by 
verbs with compar of adjs. for deep: as, 
to d.a channel, rivum altiorem facere, 
reddere (rivum deprimere, Pompon.) & 
d. a colour, colorem saturiorem, satura- 
tiorem reddere, etc.: Vv DFEP Phr. 
to d.a furrow, sulcum altius imprimere, 
Cic. . to d. any one’s grief, alicui dolorem 
angere, Cic.. tod. an impression, efficere 
ut aliquid altius alicui im pectus de- 
scendat, cf. Sall. J. 11, fim.; ut quid 
penitus (altius) in mente insideat, in- 
sidat, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 28,122. J. In- 
Lrans.: altior tio,ete. v.pEEP. Phr.: 
the darkness d.s neath the curtain of 
night, obtenta densantur bocte tenebrae, 
Virg.: the combat d.s, ingravescit proe- 
lium: Cic. bas ingravescit malum, ad 
Brut. 1, 10, wit ; or ingruit, cf. Virg. 
A. 8, 5353 or gliscit, Pl. As. 5, 2, 02: 
Tac. 

deepening (@.): 
ntis v. preced. art. fin. 

deep-laid: asa plot, (insidiae) peni- 
tus abstrusae, Cic. N.B. For such com- 
pounds as deep-thinking, deep-read, see 
DEEPLY. 

deeply, deep (adv): J Lit 

], alté: the iron had not descended 
deep into the body, ferrum haud a. in 
corpus descenderat, Liv. “ drej-v aiste 1,” 
*alte cinctus (intended to represent the 
Homeric Ba@vxoAros). 2, penitus (lit. 
inwardly): a stone d, worn ancy, scum 
p. exesum, Cic. 8, profunde (very 
189 


ingravescens, 


DEEPNESS 


DEFENCE 


DEFENSIVE 


re 








deeply: rare): the more mettlesome (a 
horse) is, the more d. he dips his nose in 
drinking, quo quis acrior, in bibendo 
profundius nares mergit, Plin. Phr-; 
deeply-rooted, altis, altissimis radicibus 
defixus, Cic.: d.-throated (tig.), profundo 
ore, cf. Hor. 4, 2, 8: to drwile deeply, 
perpotare, Cic.; dammnose bibere (a 
comically strong expr.), Hor. AL 
Fig.: L alté: to examine (into 
things) move d., altius perspicere, Cic. 
9, pénitus (inwardly; going to 
the heart of the matter): to be d. con- 
versant with all the emotions of the soul, 
p. permoscere omnes animorum motus, 
Cic.: to be d. impressed on the mind, in 
animo p. insidere, id. 3. graviter (of 
emotion): to be d. grieved, g. dolere, 
Caes.: to be d. in love, g. amare, Pl. 
4, subtiliter: strictly, accurately, 

PRECISELY: q.v. Phr.: to meditate 
more d. and attentively, acrius et atten- 
tius cogitare, Cic. : thinlcing d., cogita- 
bundus, Cic.: to empress a thing d. on 
the mind, efficere ut quid in animo 
haereat (based on Cic.). 

deepness: V- DEPTH. 

deer: 1. cervus, /.cerva: v. STAG, 
wIND. Q, dama (strictly fallow-deer), 
m. and f.: timid d., d. timidi, Virg.; 
pavidae,Ov. Phr.: a d.’s skin, cervina 
pellis, Hor.: Plin.: d.’s flesh, i. e. veni- 
son, cervina, Edict. Diocl.; less precisely, 
ferina, Virg. 

deface: déformo, turpo, etc.: v. TO 
DISFIGURE. 

defaced (adj.): déformis; méactlo- 
sus or mendosus (full of blemishes): v- 
DISFIGURED. 

defacement; 1. dépravatio (both 
as act and state): Cic. 2, déformatio 
(asact: rare); Liv. Join: depravatio 
et foeditas: v. DISFIGUREMENT. 

defalcate: i.e. to deduct: dedico ; 
détraho: v. DEDUCT. 

defaication: |, Strictly ; deduc- 
tion: déductio, rétentio: v. DEDUCTION. 
(Obsol. in this sense.) Il. Fraud: v. 
EMBEZZLEMENT. 


defamation; malédictum, probrum, | 


opprobrium, etc. (esp. pl.). v. CALUMNY. 

defamatory (44.): 1, famosus: 
d. pamphlets, f. libelli, Tac. 
nosus: @. iambics, c. iambi, Hor. 3. 
probrosus: T'ac.: v. LIBELLOUS, LIBEL. 

defame: 1, (rare): diffamo, 1: 
to d. any one in an abusive poem, pro- 
broso carmine aliquem d., Tac.: Ov. 
Oy infamo, rt: Col. 3. malédico, 
xi, ctum, 3 (with dat.): v.TO REVILE, 
ABUSE. 4, More precisely, expr. by 
circuml., as, infamiam, probrum alicui 
inferre ; maledicta in aliquem conferre, 
conjicere: Sall.: v. TO SLANDER, LIBEL, 
CALUMNIATE. 

defamer : 1, obtrectator (less 
strong than the Eng.): Cic. 2, (homo) 
mialédicus; comp. maledicentior, PI. : 
Cic. (who has conviciator maledicus, 
Mur. 6,13). 93. Expr. by part.: as, to 
reply to a d. of character, probra infer- 
enti respondere, etc.: v. TO DEFAME (4). 

default (subs.): |, Act of omis- 
sion: perh. délictum: v. FAULT. Il. 
Deficiency, want: Phr.: in d.of a roof, 
passing the night in the forum, inopia 
tecti in foro pernoctans, Cic.: tm d. of 
missiles they threw stones, *deficientibus 
telis, or quum tela deticerent, deessent 
(deficere of a failing supply ; deesse of 
absolute lack) ; quum minus suppeterent 
missilia, etc.: Vv. TO FAIL. ||], Failure 
of appearance: Phr.: to make d., ces- 
sare, Suet.: Dig.: im a case of bail, 
vadimonium deserere, Cic.: to let judg- 
ment go by d., citatum non respondere, 
Varr. ap. Gell.: to condemn by d., *ab- 
sentem damnare. 

defaulter : |. One 
arrears: réliquator: Scaev. Il. An 
embezzler: péctlixor: Cic. Hl. One 
who does not put in an appearance: qui 
ad vadimonium non venit: qui vadi- 
monium deserit. v. BAIL. 

defeat (v.): |. Zo gain a victory 
over: vinco, dévinco (stronger than 
simple verb), sipéro, pello, etc.. v. TO 
CONQUER, OVERCOME, BEAT. Phr.: to 

190 


who ts in 


9, crimi- | 


be d.d (in a candidateship), repulsam 
ferre (a populo), Cic.: Vv. DEFEAT (subs.). 
Il. Vo frustrate, baffle (q. v.): 1 
frango, frégi, fractum, 3: to d. the plans 
of these bad men, horum perditorum 
consilia f.,Cic.: v. TO BAFFLE, Q. trus- 
tror, I: V. TU FRUSTRATE. 3, disturbo, 
1 (to introduce confusion, upset) : Cic. 
4. disjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (similar 

to disturbo): to d. plans, consilia d., 
Liv.: Cie. 5, (in pass.): expr. by 
frustra esse ; ad irritum cadere, redigi : 
v.10 FRUSTRATE (jin.). Phr.: tod. the 
wishes of the dead, voluntates mortu- 
orum rescindere, Cic.: Vv. TO RESCIND, 
ANNUL, CONFOUND, OVERTHROW. Ul. 
In special sense: of a measure pro- 
posed; antiquo, 1 (lit. to prefer the 
old): to d. a bill, rogationem antiquare, 
Cic. 

defeat (subs.) : |. Military. 1. 
clades (a great defeat): Cic.: Liv.: v. 
DISASTER. 9, adversa pugna or ad- 
versum proelium: Liv.: Caes. (The 
latter author has in similar sense the 
euphemisms, detrimentum, incommo- 
dum.) 3. fuga (a flight, rout): to 
inflict (on the enemy) a tremendous d., 
ingentem fugam dare, Liv.: also facere, 
id.; but fuga should be used only in 
referring to an actual battle of which it 
forms a feature. 4. Often better 
expr. by a verb: as, the Locri had 
inflicted a severe d. on the © otoniates, 
Crotoniatas Locri maximo proelio de- 
vicerant, Nep.: to suffer a d., acie fundi, 
Front.: v. TO CONQUER, ROUT. Phr.: 
not by d.s but by victories, non offen- 
sionibus belli sed victoriis, Cic.: (we) 
have suffered a d., male pugnatum est, 
Liv. |]. Non-military : as, in a can- 
didateship, or a measure proposed: 1, 
répulsa (only of candidates): igno- 
minious d., sordida r., Hor.: a d. in 
suing Jor the edileship, r. aedilicia, Cic. : 
to sustain a d., r. ferre (a populo), Cic. ; 
also referre (in slightly different sense), 
| id. Off., 1, 39, 138. 2. (Of the defeat 
of a measure): expr. by part. of v. 
antiquo: i3, by the d. of this measure, 
| *hac lege antiquata: no greater cala- 
| mity could happen than the d. of this 
measure, *nullum majus incommodum 
accipi posset quam ut haec lex anti- 
quaretur: Vv. DEFEAT (.). 

defecate (rare): deéfaeco, 1: Col.: v. 
REFINE, STRAIN. 

defecation: défaecatio: Tert.; M.L. 
(fig.): v. STRAINING, 

defect (subs.) : 1. vitium: v. 
FLAW, FAULT. 2. menda, mendum- 
Vv. BLEMISH. 3. Expr. with verb: 


nonnibil deest, deficit: Vv. DEFICIENT, 
DEFICIENCY. Phr.: natwral d.s, quae- 
dam contra naturam depravata, Cic. : 
(Lucilius) had this d., fuit hoc vitiosus, 
Hor.: in sim. sense mendoOsus: Vv. DE- 
FECTIVE: without any d.s, emendatus : 
V. FAULTLESS. 

defection: défectio (both in lit. and 
fig. sense): Cic.; Nep.. v. REVOLT, FALL- 
ING AWAY, DESERTION, APOSTACY. 

defective: |. Ingen.sense: J], 
mancus (prop. of the body; wanting in 
some of its purts): V. MAIMED. Fig.: 
of virtue, m. virtus, Cic. 2. vitidsus 
(having flaws or defects): v. FAULTY, 
VICIOUS. 3, mendosus (sim. to pre- 
ceding): Cic. (Both mendosns and viti- 
osus are stronger than the Eng.) 4. 
imperfectus: v. IMPERFECT. §, claudus 
(lit. lame): Ov. Phr.. (these verses) 
are somewhat d., *nonnihil vitii habent ; 
aliqua parte mendosi sunt: if there is 
anything d. (lame) in our speech, si quid 
in oratione claudicat, Cic. I]. Gram- 
matically: *défectivus: M. L. 

defectively; menddsé (with many 
Saults : Cic.), vitidse (esp. of a defect in 
I"the auspices: Cic.), prave (wrongly) : 
v. BADLY, IMPERFECTLY. 

defectiveness: may usu. be expr. 
by vitium, etc.: v. DEFECT. 

defence: |. That which defends : 
praesidium, titéla, munimentum, pro- 
pugnacilum: v. PROTECTION, FORTIFI- 
CATION. |, Act or duty of defending: 





as, there is some defect (deficiency), | 


1, défensio: to prepare all things 
for the d. of the city, omnia ad d. urbis 
apparare, Caes.: to undertake any one’s 
d. (in court), alicujus defensionem suy 
cipere, Cic. 2. propugnatio: Cic. 

3, tutéla (very often of derties): 
Cic.: Hor.. v. PROTECTION, Less freq. 
tuitio: d. of oneself, sui t., Cic. 4. 
patrocinium (% court): to undertake 
the d. of legal and civil disputes, p. 
legitimarum et civilium controversiarum. 
suscipere, Cic. Phr.- counsel for the 
d., *rei patronus; qui reo adest: v. 
COUNSEL: to make a sham d., praevaric- 
ari: the conduct of ove who makes a 
sham d., praevaricatio: Vv. COLLUSION. 
In d. of, pro (with abl.): v. FOR, BE- 
HALF OF (on). I. A speech by vay 
of defence: 1, defensio. he read the 
d. of Demosthenes, d. Demosthenis legit, 
Plin. Suet. (More Ciceronian would 
be oratio pro habita.) 2. ex- 
cusatio: Vv. APOLOGY. 3, purgatio (a 
clearing of oneself): Cic.- v. JUSTIFI- 
CATION, IV. State or capacity jor 
resistance (in milit. sense). Phr.: to 
put the city in a state of d., urbem ad 
vim propulsandam parare, omnibus re- 
bus instruere. Kr (based on Cic.) ; 
| praesidia urbis curare; dispositis prae- 
sidiis urbis moenia firmare. 

defenceless: 1, inermis, e (un- 
armed): a territory d. and destitute of 
garrison, in. ager ac nudus praesidiis, 
Liv.: Cic. 2. defensoribus nudatus 
(of that which has been deprived o/ its 
defenders) : Cic. 

defend: 1, deéfendo, di, sum, 3 
(the most gen. term). J d.’d the com- 
monuwealth uhen a young man, defendi 
remp. juvenis, Cic.: J d. (in court) lam 
whom you accuse, eum defendo quem tu 
accusas, Cic.: to d. any one Jrom wrong, 
aliqnem ab injuria d. Cic. Frequent. 
défenso, x (implying activity of de- 
Fence): Sall. (not Cic.); défensito, 1: to 
be in the habit of d.ing causes, causas de- 
fensitare, Cic. (who uses the word only 
once). Q, tieor; frequent. tutor (to 
secure against any apprehended danger : 
defendo implies an actual attack): v. TO 
PROTECT. 3, patrocinor (at law: with 
dat): to d. the undowered, indotatis p, 
‘Ter... Quint. 4, propugno, 1 (imply- 
ing imminent danger or vigorousness of 
defence): tod. any one’s reputation, pro 
fama alicujus pr., Cic. 5, probibeo, 
2 (to ward off: q. v.): from which 
danger a. ye the republic, a quo periculo 
defendite remp., Cic. 6, tégo, xi, 
|ctum, 3 (to shelter): he had d’d my 
| safety and life, is meam salutem atque 
vitam texerat, Cic.: Vv. TOSHELTER. 7, 
praesideo, 2 (with dat.): v. TO GUARD. 
Phr.: a town d.’d both by nature and 
by art, oppidum et natura loci et manu 
munitum, Caes.: v. TO FORTIFY. Heaven 
d, us! Vii, obsecro vostram fidem! PI. 

defendant: réus, i; fem. réa (in a 
criminal trial): who was plaintiff ?— 
Fannius: who d.?—Flavius, quis erat 
petitor ?—Fannius: quis reus? Flavius, 
Cic.: v. accuseD. Phr.: J gave this 
advice to all d.s (in civil cases), ego 
omnibus unde petitur hoc consilium 
dedi, Cic. (so that, is unde petitur = d.) : 
to be counsel for the d., rei patrocinium 
| suscipere: V. DEFENCE (II. 4). 

defender: 1, défensor (the most 
gen. term): the d. of right and liberty, 
juris et libertatis d., Cic.: Caes. Ot 
propugnator (a stronger and more ex- 
pressive word): @ pluce abandoned by 
its d.s, a propugnatoribus relictus locus, 
Caes. Fig.: the d. of a crime, sceleris 
pr., Just.: Vv. CHAMPION. 8, patronus 
(in court): Vv. PATRON, ADVOCATE. 4, 
praeses, idis, m.: v. GUARDIAN. (Or 
expr. by imperf. part, of detendo, tueor, 
&e.: v. L. G. § 638.) 

defensive: Phr.: there are wea- 
pons offensive and 4., alia sunt tela ad 
tegendum, alia ad nocendum, Cic.: @ d. 
war, bellum quod defendendo geritur, Kr. 
(based on Cic ); *quod ad injuriam pro- 
pulsandam suscipitur; quod sui de- 
fendendi causa geritur. to reduce the 
Armenians to the d., Armenios ad sua 





DEFENSIVELY 


defendenda cogere, Tac.- an alliance | females, p. mulierum, Liv.: d. of water, | 


offensive and d., *sucietas ad bellum 
defendendum atque inferendum facta; 
Ve. ALLIANCE, 

defensively ; défendendo: v. pre- 
ced. art. jin. 

defer: |. Trans.: to postpone: 
différo, conféro, prolato: Vv. TO PUT OFF, 
PosTPONE. Phr.: hope is d.’d, spes 
prorogatur, Pl.: to d. the elections till 
Jonuary, comitia in Januarium mensem 
protrudere, Cic.: L will d. the building 
tilk your arrival, aedificationem ad 
tuum adventum sustentabo, Cic.: to d. 
the assault till night, oppugnatiouem ad 
noctem sustinere, Caes.: Liv.: tod. the 
hearing of a case, ampliare, Cic.: v, TO 
ADJOURN : long d.'d hope, spes sera, Tac. 

Il. Intrans.: to show deference 

to: cédo, obséquor, morigéror: v. TO 
COMPLY WITH, YIELD, 

deference: 1, observantia (re- 
spect shown for age, superior wisdom, 
etc.) : to treat with respect and d., ob- 
servantia vereri et colere, Cic. Inv. 2, 
22, 66. Join: officia atque observ- 
antia (the former referring to acts of 
service), Cic. Balb. 28, 63. 2. ob- 
séquium (esp. of deference carried to 
EXCESS): V. COMPLAISANCE, OBSEQUIOUS=- 
NESS. 3. révérentia, vérccundia: v. 
RESPECT. Phr.: to treat with d.: (1.) 
inservio, 4 (with dat. ; a strong expres- 
sion): the plebs had till that time Leen 
treated with the utmost d., plebi ad eam 
diem summa ope inservitum erat, Liv. 
(2.) colo, ui, cultum, 3 (fo show re- 
gard, respect for ; with acc.): if I treat 
you with d. I shall not love you, si te 
colo, non amaho, Mart. 2, 55. Join: 
observare et colere; vereri et colere, 
Cic. (3.) observo, 1 (implying supert- 
ority in years, honours, etc.): to be 
treated with great d. and respect, dili- 
genter observari et coli, Cic.: Virg. 
(4.) obséquor, séciitus, 3 (with dat.): 
V. TO COMPLY WITH. 

deferential: 1, observans, ntis 
(treating with respect as a superior): @ 
man most d. to me, homo mei vbservant- 
issimus, Cic. 9, olficidsus (ubound- 
ing in acts of respect and courtes); V. 
OBLIGING, COURTEOUS, 3, obséquidsus: 


Vv. ORSEQUIOUS. 
deferentially: 1. obséquenter: 
Plin. revérenter : V. RESPECT- 


FULLY. Phr.: to tivat d., observo, in- 
(fn (with dat.), etc.: V. DEFERENCE 
Jin.). 
deferring (subs.): Vv. POSTPONE- 
MENT. 

defiance: provicatio: v. CHALLENGE. 
Phr.: wd. of the laws, invitis legibus - 
V. SPITE OF (in). 

defiant (adj.): 1, mimax, acis 
(menacing: q. Vv.): our d. (warriors) 
touched the base earth with their beards, 
minaces turpe solum tetigere mento, 
Hor. Join: minax atque arrogans, 
Cic. 9. férox, dcis (high spirued ; 
very often to excess): by the help of 
Venus d., Veneris praesidio ferox, Hor. : 
of d. temper, mentis ferox, Ov. Met. 
8, 613. 3, impavidus, intrépidus 
(in good sense): v. FEARLESS, UN- 
DISMAYED. 

defiantly ; minaciter, férociter: v. 
MENACINGLY, FIKRCELY: and cf. adj. 
(The adjj. themselves may often be 
used: as fo behave d. towards, alicui fe- 
rocem esse, Liv.: he answered d., *re- 
spondit ferox, impavidus: v. L. G. § 
343.) 

deficiency: 1. most freq. ex- 
press. by deéficio, desum: as, he could 
not be exposed to a d. of timber, non 
materia deficere poterat, Caes. B. C. 2, 
37: without any d. of cash, non de- 
ficiente crumena, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 11: v. 
WANTING (to be), FAIL. 2, défectio 
(as something arising ; not a state): v. 
FAILURE. 3, défectus, tis (—as state): 
Plin. 4, angustiae, arum (straits: 
q. v.): concerning the d. of provisions, 
de rei frumentariae angustiis, Caes. : 
Cic. 5, difficultas (prop. difficulty 
of providing) : d. of everything, omnium 
rerum d., Hirt. 6, peniria: a d. of 


DEFINITE 


aquarum p., Sall. 
FICIT: cf. WANT, DEARTH. 
of wisdom, sapientiae parum, Sull. 
deficient (a4j.): 1, inops, opis: 
provinces not at all d. in men and 
abounding m money, provinciae nec 
inopes virorum, et pecuniue opulentae, 
Tae. 2, mancus (prop. crippled) : 
Cic. 3, curtus (mutilated im some 
1 ay: poet.): our d. (or imperfect) hap- 
piness, curta res, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 64. 
Phr.: to be d., deesse: Vv. WANTING, 
TO BE. 
deficit (subs.): laciina: to make up 
ad.,\.rei familiaris explere, Cic. Verr. 
2, 55, 138. Or expr. by verb: 
there is a d. of .-., Geticit...: 
WANTING, TO BE. 
defier: 1, provécator: Gell.: v. 
CHALLENGER. Q, contemptor,spretor: 
V. DESPISER. 
defile (v. t”.): 1, contémino, 1 
(usu. in fig. sense): to d. oneself with 
bloodshed, se sanguine c., Cic.: v. TO 
STAIN, SULLY. 2, inquino, 1 (esp. 
with filth): to d. a dress, vestem in., 
Pl. Fig.: to d. marriage and family 
and homes, uuptias et genus et domes 
in, Hor. 3, foedo, 1: v. TO BEFOUL, 
DISFIGURE. 4, maciilo, commicilo, 
I: V. TO STAIN, 5, incesto, 1: v. TO 
POLLUTE, 
defile (v. intr.): 1, transeo, trans- 
vthor (the former of infantry, the 
latter of cavalry): foot and horse, 
adorned with their decarations, dd. (in 
triumphal procession), pedites equites- 
que transiere ac transvecti sunt, Liv. 
10, 46 (transvehor is esp. used of the 
equites dejiling before the censor for 
review: Liv. 9, 46, /in.). 9. décurro, 
ciicurri and curri, cursum, 3 (of niilitary 
movements at quick pace): Liv. : 
agmine abire (to d. in column): Liv. 
ap. Quich. Phr.: the army d.s through 
the pass, agmen per saltum porrigitur, 
Tac. A. 1, 51. 
defile (subs.): 1, angustiae, arum: 
ad. of the road, itinevis a., Caes. OF 
fauces, ium, f.(@ mountain gorge): V- 
Pass (subs.). 
defiled (part. adj.): miaciilosus: or 
use p. part. of verbs under TO DEFILE, 
POLLUTE. 
cdefilement; maciila, contaminatio, 
maciulatio (the latter two rare): stu- 
prum, of a woman: Cic. : V. POLLUTION. 
defiler : 1, contaminator: d. of 
his father’s bed, tori paterni c., Tert. 
2. (of a woman) stuprater: Sen.: 
Vv. POLLUTER, 
definable; quod definiri potest: v. 
TO DEFINE; (déterminabilis, e: ‘Tert.). 
define: |. To mark out, fix by 
limits : termino, 1: to d. the 
public from the private land, agrum 
publicum a privato t., Cic.: v. TO 
BOUND. 9. circumscribo, psi, ptum, 
3 (to enclose by precise boundaries): to 
d. any one’s place of residence, locum 
habitandi alicui c., Cic. 3, definio, 
4: every one had had his proper place 
d.d, suus cuique locus definitus erat, 
Caes. ff. To give a definition of : 
1, définio, 4: to d. an orator com- 
prehensively, oratoris vim universam et 
propriam def. complectique, Cic.: forti- 
tude is rightly d.d by the Stoics to be 
virtue defending justice, probe definitur 
a Stoicis fortitudo, qaum eam virtutem 
esse dicunt propugnantem pro aequitate, 
Cic. Join: illustrare aliquid, et definire 
verbis, Cic. 9. finio, 4: as if you 
should d. a hovse, ut si finias equum, 
Quint. 8. circumscribo, 3: to d.a 
man, [dicere et] c. verbis quid sit homo, 
No to d. briefly, brevi c. et definire, 
ic. 
definer: qui définit, etc.: see verb. 
definite: 1, définitus: there are 
two Ieinds of questions, one ind., the 
other d., quaestionum duo sunt genera, 
alterum infinitum, alierum d., Cic. 
9. finitus: used by Cic. as = de- 
finitus (supr.): v. Frsite. Of the d. 
article, f. articulus, Varr. 3. status, 
constitiitus: V. FIXED, APPOINTED. 


7, laciina: v. DE- 


v. 


Phr.: a d.| 


as, | 





DEFRAY 
definitely : 1, definite: Cic 
9. finité: Gell. 3. disersé. vw, 
EXPRESSLY. 


definition: |. The act of de- 
jining : expr. by verb: as, to aim at 
giving correct d.s, *rebus definiendis 
verbisque proprie circumscribendis stud- 
ere: V.TO DEFINE (IL). — |], 4 formal 
definition : 1. définitio: ad. is a 
short and exact explanation, d. est 
brevis et circumscripta explicatio, Cic. 
Q. finitio: Phr.: to givead.ofa 
thing: Vv. TO DEFINE (I1.). 
definitive: définitivus: Cic.: «é- 
crétorius, Sen.: Vv. DECISIVE. Phr.: a 
d. sentence, sententia terminalis, Just. : 
to pronounce a d. sentence, \item dirim- 
ere, Cic. 
definitively: 1, diserté: v. ex- 
PRESSLY. Q, définitivé: Juat. 
deflect: |, Trans.: détlecto, xi, 
xum, 3: V. TO BEND DOWN. I. Ln- 
trans.: ], déflecto: to d. a little, 
paullum d., Suet. 2, décedo, ssi, 
ssum, 3° Lucr.: v. TO DEVIATE. 3. 
déclino, 1: Vv. TO DECLINE. 
deflection: 1, défiexus, is: Col. 
9. defiexio: Maer. 8, décli- 
natio: by a slight d. of the body, ex- 
igua corporis d., Curt. 
CGefloration: stuprum: v. 
BAUCHER}, SEDUCTION. 
defiour: 1, stupro, constupro, 1. 
Vv. TO DEBAUCH. 9. dévirgino, 1 
(rare): Petron.: v. TO SEDUCE. 
deflourer: stuprator: v. DEBAUCHER. 
defluxion : 1, fluxio, f.: ds 
(runnings) from the eyes, oculorum 
fluxiones, Plin. 9. deflavium: Plin. 
8. défiuxio: Jul. Firm. 4, dé- 
stillatio: Plin. 
deform: déformo, foedo, in pejus 
fingo (ised by Hor. of caricature), ete. : 
V. TO DISFIGURE. 
deformed (part. adj.): 1, de- 
formatus (corpore): Cic. 2, pravus 
(c: ooled, misshapen ; esp. of particular 
limbs or features) : (parts of the body) 
that are d. or crippled, prava aut de- 
bilitata aut imminuta, Cic.: d. ankles, 
p- tali, Hor. 3, dépravatus (=pravus; 
but more freq. in fig. sense). Varr. 
4, distortus (twisted out of proper 
shape): that wise men when most d. 
are yet handsome, sapientes si distort- 
issimi sint formosos esse, Cic.: a d. 
person (body), d. corpus, Quint.: Hor. 
(N.B.—Deformis, though applicable to 
persons deformed, denotes rather ugly, 
unsightly : extortus, as in Plin, Ep. 8, 
18, med., is dislocated, put out of shape 
by disease.) Special kinds of deformity 
may be expr. by, varus, knock-kneed ; 
valgus, bow-legged ; etc.: where see the 
several words. 
deformity: 1, déformitas: d. of 
body, corporis d., Cic.. d. of mind, 
animi d., Cic. 9. pravitas (crooked- 
ness: esp. of particular features): d. 
of limbs, membrorum pr., Cic. 3. 
distortio (?)- cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35. 
Phr.: a person marked by sume d., cui 
aliquid distortum, depravatum, immi- 
nutum sit: cf. DEFORMED. 
defoul: foedo, inquino; 
(with ordure) : V. TO POLLUTE. 
defraud : 1, fraudo, 1 (ef all 
kinds of dishonesty): to d one’s cre- 
ditors, creditores fr., Cic.: to d. any one 
of a triumph, aliquem triumpho f., 
Suet. 9. défraudo, 1 (less freq. than 
simple verb): to d. any one of the frutt 
of his victor, aliquem fructu victoriae 
d., Liv.: Cic. (rare). 8, circumvénio, 
circumscnbo: v. TO CHEAT, DECEIVE. 
defrauder: fraudator: a d. of cre- 
ditors, creditorum f., Cic. (d¢fraudator: 
rare): V. CHEAT, ROGUE. 
defray : ], suppédite, 1 (to sup- 
ply what ts needful): the expenses are 
d.’d by a taz, tributo sumptus suppedit- 
autur, Liv. 9, tdléro, 1 (to sus(ain): 
by that means the public expenditure ts 
d/d, inde tolerantur impensae publicae, 
Plin. 12, 14, 32. 3. subsisto, stiti, 3 
(strictly to bear up under): I could not 
d. the expense, Sumptui 8, non possem, 
Brut. ap. Cic. Div. 11, Io, 


DE- 


concéco 


191 


DEFRAYER 





‘’e*rayer : qui sumptus suppeditat, 
etc. : see verb. 

defrayment: Vv. PAYMENT. 

deft (rare): Aagilis (light, active), 
habilis (handy, apt), mundus (neat): 
see the several words. 

deftly ; scienter (knowingly, cleverly), 
commodé (suitably, well), scite, docteé 
(cleverly, expertly): see the several 
words. 

defunct; mortuus, défunctus (vita) : 
Vv. DEAD. Very neariy d., morivundus, 
semianuimis: Vv. HALF-DEAD. 

defy : |. Zo challenge: 1, pro- 
voco, I: V. TO CHALLENGE. 9, de- 
posco, pdposci, 3: boldness in d.ing 
dangers, audacia in deposcendis peri- 
culis, Tee. |. Zo show contempt for : 
contemno, sperno: Vv. DESPISF. 

degeneracy: Phr.: the d. of 
morals increases day by day, mores de- 
teriores increbrescunt in dies, Pl.: the 
moral d. of the state, corrupti mores 
civitatis, Sall.: your brother who shows 
no d. from your family, frater tuus qui 
a vobis nihil degenerat, Cic.: d. of 
blood, degener sanguis, Sen.: had not 
d. in other matters darkened even this 
renown, ni degeneratum ( p. part, : not 
Ciceronian) in aliis huic quoque decori 
offecisset, Liv. 1, 53, init.: everything 
is destined to d., omnia fatis ruere in 
pejus, Virg. : 

degenerate (v.): 1, dégénéro, 1: 
and Jruits d. forgetting former juices, 
pomaque d. succos oblita priores, Ov.: 
Virg.: to d. from one’s parents, a pa- 
rentibus d., Liv.: custom and discipline 
did not allow him to d., consuetudo eum 
et disciplina d. non sinebat, Cic. 2. 
descisco, ivi or ii, itum, 3: to d. from 
their ancient glory (of the arts), d. ab 
ista vetere gloria, Tac. 3, excido, 
cidi, 3: liberty d.s into licence, in vitium 
libertas excidit, Hor. 4, expr. with 
phr. as, in pejus ruere, Virg.: deteriores 
fieri (v. foll. art.)* in vitium labi, Hor. : 
Vv. TO DETERIORATE. 

degenerate (adj.): 1, dégéner, 
énéris: not d. from a fat'er’s mien, 
patrii non d. oris, Ov.- fear bringeth to 
proof d. souls, d. animos timor arguit, 
Virg. 2. détérior, us (lit. worse, 
inferior): a d. and faded age, d. ac 
decolor aetas, Virg.: altogether d., de- 
terTimus, Cic. 8. vitidsior, péjor, 
etc.: or more precisely, pejor avis, 
patre, etc.: v. Hor. Od. 3, 6, 47. 

degenerateness: expr. with verb. 
as, how great is our d., quantum a pa- 
tribus degeneravimus, etc.: v. TO DE- 
GENERATE. — 

degeneration : v. preced. art. 

deglutinate: déglitino, 1 (to loosen 
what has become cemented): v. TO 
LOOSEN. 

deglutition : expr. with verb: as, by 
d., vorando, glutiendo: v. TO SWALLOW. 

degradation : J. Lit. 1 


(ordinis) amotio: Cai. Dig. 2. (ab 
ordine) motio, Onis: Ulp. _3, (gradus) 
déjectio: Modest. Dig. Phr.: sen- 


tenced to d. (civil), capitis minor, Hor. : 
dismissal with d. (irom the army), 
mnissio ignominiosa, Ulp.: v. DEGRADE. 


I]. Fig.: 1, ignominia, dédécus- 

Vv. DISGRACE, 2. imminitio (with or 
without dignitatis)- Cic. 

degrade: |, Lit.: expr. by ordo 


af officers in the army), or locus (of rank 
an general): as, to d. to the ranks, in 
ordinem cogere, Liv.; redigere, Suet.; 
adimere ordinem (of centurions only), 
Tab. Heracl. Phr.: to d. from the 
rank of senator, aliquem® senatorio 
loco (= senatu) movere, Cic.: to d. a 
common soldier, militem cingulo exuere, 
Cod. Il. Fig.: 1, déhonesto, deé- 
décdro, ignominia afficio, etc.: v. TO 
DISGRACE. 2. imminuo, i, itum, 3 
(with some such word as dignitatem): 
to d. the Roman people in reputation 
and influence, populi R. existimationem 
atque auctoritatem im., Cic.: also absol. 
with acc. of person, lac. 8. abjicio, 
jeci, jectum, 3 (with auctoritatem, etc.). 
ie has d.d the senate, auctoritatem se- 
natus abjecit, Cic.; also abscl., to d. one- 
192 








DEISM 


DELAY 





self, se ab., id. 4, affligo, xi, ctum, 3 
(in certain connexions: strictly to dash 
down): the commonwealth was (deeply) 
d.d by that bouyht and debuached trial, 
afflicta resp. est empto constupratoque 
judicio, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3. 5. abdiico, 
xi, ctum, 3 (needing to be defined by 
context): to d. so important an art 
Srom the dignity of religion to mere 
lucre, tantam artem a religionis auctor- 
itate abd. ad mercedem, Cic. 6. de- 
véco, 1 (ad aliquid): Plin. 
degrading (adj.): 1. ignomini- 
Osus: Vv. IGNOMINIOUS, 9. indignus - 
it is d. to be vanquished by an equal or 
a superior ; more d. still by an inferior 
and meaner man, indignum est a pari 
vinci aut superiore; indignius ab in- 
feriore atque humiliore, Cic. Phr.: d. 
Jetters, vincula.... corpus cum im- 
minutione constringentia, based on Cic. 
(Niigels.): itis very d., maximue est igno- 
miniae, turpitudini: v DISGRACEFUL. 
degree: |. A graduated interval 
or stage : 1, gradus, is: all the ds 
of sounds, omnes sonorum g., Cic.; that 
d. of wisdom, iste g. sapientiae, Cic. : 
we are removed from him by just so 
many d.s (of affinity), totidem gradus 
distamus ab illo, Ov. <Adv., by ds, 
gradatim, Cic. (= paulatim o7 paulla- 
tim) v. GRADUALLY. 9. fastigiuin 
(the highest d.): v. PINNACLE. Phr.: 
im some d., aliquantum: Vv. CONSIDER- 
ABLY: to a certain d., aliquatenus, Sen. : 
Quint.: to that d. of insolence, eo in- 
solentiae, Plin.: to such a d. of arro- 
gance, huc arrogantiae, ‘l'ac.: to what 
d. of madness, quo amentiae, Liv.. to 
what d. (precisely), quatenus, Cic.: to 
arrive at the highest d. of good fortune, 
ad summum fortunae venire, Hor.: a 
voice harsh to a d., vox extra (praeter) 
modum absona, Cic.: in the highest d., 
maxime; in the least d., minime, Cic. : 
by gentle d.s (of an ascent or descent), 
leniter, Caes, (v. GENTLY): to hate any 
one to a wonderful d., miris modis 
odisse aliquem, ‘l'er.: some considerable 
d., aliquantum (with gen.) : V. CONSIDER- 
ABLE: some slight d., nonnibil, paullum, 
panilulum (with gen.): Vv. LITTLE, SOME- 
WHAT: wn the sume d. as, aeque ac, 
Cic.: Vv. EQUALLY. Il. Station, rank : 
1, gradus: the senutorul d., sena- 
torius g., Cic.: v. RANK. 2, ordo, 
inis, m.: V. ORDER, Phr.: of high d., 
nobilis, Ov.- of low d., hiimilis, Nep. 
Ill. Academical: *gradus: M.L. 
dehort (rare): déhortor, r- v. pis- 
SUADE. 
deification: 1, consecratio (esp. 
of the Roman emperors): ‘Tac. a 
apotheosis, is, J. (amobéwors): Tert. 
(Or expr, with verb. v. TO DEIFY.) 
deified: 1, consecratus: Claudius 
: 2. (esp. of Roman em- 
perors deceased) divus . the d. (deceased) 
Augusius, divus Augustus, Tac. 
deify : 1, consecro (less precise 
than the English). the Egyptians have 
d.d almost every kind of beast, omne 
fere genus bestiarum Aegyptii conse- 
craverunt, Cic. 2. dico, t (rare): 
Augustus d.’d, inter numina dicatus A., 
Tac. Phr.: thou wilt be d.’d, divus 
habeberis, Hor.: to be d.’d, numerum 
deorum obtinere, Cic.: to d. (ascribe 
divinity to) the sun, soli divinitatem 
dare, tribuere, Cic. N. D. 1, 11, seqq. : 
simly, terram, coelum in deos referre, 
Cic. ib.: +0 d. men (fig), homines ad 
deos evenere, Hor. 
deign: 1, dignor,1: 7 d. not to 
canvass the grammarian tribes, gram- 
maticas ambire tribus non dignor, Hor. - 
Snet. (but the verb is not so used in 
Civ.) : V. TO CONDESCEND. 2, cro, 1 
(to take pains or trouble): not to d. to 
read, legere non curare,Cic. 3, expr. 
by aspernor, gravor, or similar verbs, and 
a negative: as, and thou didst deign to 
hear his call, nec tu aspernata vocantem, 
Virg. 
deism: (?) *deismus (a barbarous 
word, but allowed by Kr. and Georg.). 
Usu. better expr. by circuml., *opinio 
eortm qui Deum quidem esse putant, 








Christianam autem religionem tollunt. 
(N.B.—Not theismus; which is theism : 
. Vv.) 
:; deist: *qui Christianam religionem 
tollit, opinione Dei qualiscunque salva 
and comp. prism. (N.B.—Avoid deista; 
which, however, is sanctioned by Kr.) 
deistical: expr. by circuml.: v. 
preced. art. 
deity: |. As person : 1, deus, 
Jf. dea; divus, f. diva v. GOD, GODDEss. 
2, niimen, inis, n. (the most gen. 
term; but almost entirely poet.) ; the 
great d.s, magna n., Virg.: present d.s, 
praesentia n., Virg.: if any d.s regard 
the pious, si qua respectant n. pios, Virg, 
|]. Abstract. deftas: Arnob. (Or 
expr. by circuml., as, to teach the d. of 
Christ, *Christum Deum esse docere . 
Vv. GOD.) 
deject: déjicio, affligo, 3: v. To 
CAST DOWN ; and foll. art. 
dejected (adj): 1, démissus: 
Cic. “Join: (animus) demissus et op- 
pressus; d. et humilis, Cic. Ye 
fractus: Join: fracto animo et de- 
misso, Cic. 3, afflictus (stronger than 
the preceding : prostvated) : Cic. 4. 
jacens, ntis (lit. lying on the ground): 
to arouse a friend’s d. mind, amici 
animuri j.excitare, Cic.: to comfort one 
who is d., jacentem solari,Ov. — 5, per- 
culsus (suffering from a violent shock) : 
Cic. Phr.: to bed.,(animo) jacere, Cic.; 
to become d., animam demittere, id. 
(Dejectus, poet. and late: Virg.: Quint.) 
dejectedly : démissé: v. HUMBLY. 
Usu.’ better expr. by a modal abl.; as, 
to gaze d. on the ground, capite demisso 
terram intueri, Caes.: so animo demisso, 
oppresso: V. DEJECTED, 
dej ection : animi abjectio, demissio, 
dejectio; animus demissus, jacens, af- 
flictus: V. DEJECTED: see also, SAD- 
NESS, GRIEF. 
delay (v.): Letras 
moror, 1: fo d. and hinder the enemy’s 
march, hostium iter m. atque impedire, 
Caes.: Cic. 2, rémoror, 1 (to keep 
back): to d. anyone's march, iter r., 
Sall.: Cic. 3, démoror, 1 (strength- 
ened from moror): 0 enemy d.ing the 
march, nullo hoste iter demorante, 
Caes.: Cie. 4, tardo, 1 (to cause to 
be slow or behind time): to d. a start, 
profectionem t., Cic.: also rétardo. id. 
5, detineo, ui, tentum, 2° v. DE- 
TAIN. 6, expr. by mora: as, to d. 
a thing, moram alicui rei inferre, Cic. : 
Caes.: m. facere, Cic.: Liv.- cf. To 
DEFER, POSTPONE. |], Intrans.: 1, 
cunctor, 1: (Fabius) by d.ing restored 
the empire, cunctando restituit rem, 
Enn. ap. Cic.. but usu. the word implies 
blame: Join: (non) cunctandum ne- 
que cessandum esse, Liv. 2, cesso, 
I: v. LOITER: to d. to die, mori cessare, 
Hor. 8. tardo, 1 (usu. trans.: v. 
supr.): whether it were better to d., an 
t. melius esset, Cic. 4, moror, 1 v. 
LINGER. Pbhr.: he dd not to come, 
nihil in mora habuit quominus veniret, 
Vell.: comp. foll. art. 
delay (subs.); 1, mora: to occa- 
sion d. im the levying of troops, moram 
delectui facere, Liv : also inferre, Cic.: 
Caes.: to devise (repeated) d.s, moras 
nectere, Sen.- without d., sine m., Cic. : 
I will marry her without d., nec alla m. 
est quin eam uxorem ducam, Ter.. Q, 
cunctatio, 4 (implying blame; whereas 
mora is neutral): casting aside all d., 
abjecta omni c. (= sine cunctatione, 
id.), Cic. 3. cessatio (doing anything 
slackly, loitering): V. IDLENESS. 4, 
procrastinatio ( putting off from day to 
day): Cic.: v. PROCRASTINATION 5. 
prolatio (act of putting off): v. Ppost- 
PONEMENT. 6, prolatatio: similar 
to prolatio. Tac. 7, dilatio: to beg 
Jor d., ad. petere, Plin.; to grant d., 
dare d., Quint.: without d., sine d., 
Vell, Phr.. after a d. of a few days 
had been granted you to pay, paucis tibi 
ad solvendum prorogatis diebus, Cic. : 
after th~ee days’ d. (interval), tridud 
intermisso, Caes.: full of d.s, cunct- 
abundus, Liv. 





DELAYER 


{eee 

delayer: 1. morator (of another) : 
a@ d. of a public benefit, publici com- 
modi m., Liv. 2, cunctator (who 
delays himself ): from a most dashing 
warrior become a d., canctator ex acer- 
rimo bellatore factus, Liv. 8. di- 
lator: Hor. 4, cessator: v. LOITERER. 

delectable; amoenus, jiicundus, de- 
lectabilis (l'ac.) : v. DELIGHTFUL. 

delectation; délectatio, oblectatio: 
V. GRATIFICATION, AMUSEMENT. 

delegate (v.): |. Zo depute : lego, 
allégo, delego, 1: Vv. DEPUTATION (to 
send on), DEPUTE. Il. Zo entrust, 
commit to a substitute : 1, délego, 
1: to d. lubour to another, laborem 
alteri d., Cic. 2, mando, commendo, 
démando, 1: v. COMMIT. 8. déféro, 
tuli, latum, 3 (usu. implying superiority 
in the person to whom): to d. to any 
one the pleading of one's cause, causam 
ad aliquem d., Cic,:; Vv. TO ENTREAT. 

delegate (subs.): Jégatus: v. DE- 
PUTY, COMMISSIONER. 

delegated (adj.): vicarius (apper- 
taining to a substitute): Cic.: v. VI- 
CARIOUS. 

delegation: |. The act of dele- 
gating: 1, mandatus, is (only in 
abl. sing.): by Caesennia’s d. (a busi- 
ness act), Caesenniae mandatu, Cic. 
Caec. 4, 19. 2. delégatio (in Cic. 
only of an assignment to pay): Vv. DEPU- 
TATION, DEVUTY. 8, expr. with verb: 
as, by d. of the people, *quum eum 
populus legatum misisset, etc.: v. DE- 
PUTE. Il. A body of delegates: \e- 
gatio, légati: v. DEPUTATION. 

delete (v.): déleo,2: v.10 BLOT OUT. 

deleterious; noxius, malus (esp. in 
legal phr. malo veneno, by d. drugs, i, e. 
poison): V. NOXIOUS, PERNICIOUS 

delf: i. e. earthenware or made of 
it: fictilis, e; in pl. as subs. fictilia, 
ium: v, EARTHENWARE, 

deliberate (.): — 1. consilo, ii, 
ultum, 3 (of individuals or deliberative 
assemblies): when you have d.d, there is 
need of prompt action, ubi consulueris 
mature facto opus est, Sall.: to give way 
to panic rather than to d., trepidare 
magis quam c., Liv. 9, délibéro, 1 
(to weigh carefully the grounds, pro and 
con): they d. concerning Avaricum, de 
Avarico deliberatur, Caes.: you ought 
to d. my and divest the matter well, tibi 
diu deliberandum et concoquendum 
est, num... Cic. 8. ago, égi, ac- 
tum, 3 (of deliberative bodies only): v. 
TO DEBATE (3). 4, considéro, £: v. 
TO CONSIDER. Phr.: itis for you tod, 
what you ought to do, vestrum jam con- 
silium est quid sit vobis faciendum, 
Cic.: to d. with oneself, aliquid secum 
agitare, l'er.; (in) animo, mente agitare, 
Cic.: Nep.: v. TO MEDITATE: also ver- 
sare, With in animo or absol. (to turn 
over in the mind, carefully examine) : 
V. REVOLVE, REFLECT ON. 

deliberate (adj.) : |. Of persons 
or their actions; showing careful deli- 
beration: 1, considératus: Caesar 
had become more slow and d., Caesar 
tardior et deliberatior factus erat, Hirt. : 
to call a man slow instead of d., tardum 
pro considerato vocare (of Fabius), Liv. 
22, 39, fin. 2. circumspectus: Suet. 
(opp. to inconsultus, praeceps): v. CrR- 
CUMSPECT. Il. Only of acts; delibe- 
rately resolved on, premeditated : il. 
considératus (of what has been care- 
fully considered) : Cic. Q. cogitatus : 
Join; meditatum et cogitatum (sce- 
lus), Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 85. 3, délibé- 
ratus: Hor. Od. 1, 37, jin. (See the 
place.) Phr.: d. injuries, injuriae quae 
nocendi causa de industria inferuntur, 
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 24: by d. choice or discre- 
tion, delectu aut sapientia, Cic. Plane. 
4,9: tt is my d. intention, certum est, 
certum est deliberatumque (foll. by 
inf.), Cic.: ‘Ter. Ill. Slow: 1 
lentus: a very d. (drawling) speaker, 
1. in dicendo, Cic.: a d. judge, judex |. 
est consideratus, Cic. fr. 2. tardus 
or perh. tardior (see Gr. § 351): v. 


SLOW. 
deliberately: |. With judicious 
















DELICATE 


deliberation : 1, considératé: Cic.: 
Liv. 2, circumspecté (with circum- 
spection): Quint,: v. cauTiousLY. 3, 
cogitaté (with thought), Pi.: Cic. (also 
cogitato, v. inf. LL.). 4, caulé: v. 
CAUTIOUSLY. Il. /ndentionally, with 
premeditation : 1, consulto: Join: 
consulto et cogitato (it injuria), Cic. 
Q. cogitato: v. sup”. 8. de or 
ex industria: Vv. INTENTIONALLY, DE- 
SIGNEDLY. I. Slowly : 1, lente: 
Caes.: Cic. (the word may or may not | 
denote blame). Q. tardé: v. SLOWLY. 
deliberateness: expr. by circum. 
as, remaricable for the d. with which he 
acted as judge, *imprimis in judicio ex- 
ercendo consideratus: uho show's great 
d. in the midst of danger, (cui) pluri- 
mum consilii inter ipsa pericula, Liv.: 
with d. (slowly and gradually), lente: 
V. DELIBERATELY. 
deliberation: 1. délibératio: the 





matter requires d., habet res d., Cic.: in 
sim. sense, in deliberationem cedere, id. 
2. consultatio (the act of consult- 
ing over: whereas deliberatio is the 
careful weighing of reasons): Vv. CON- 
SULTATION. 3. expr. by verbs given 
under TO DELIBERATE: as, there is need 
of d., opus est consulto (where con- 
sulto is p. part. neut.): ad. ts held in 
the public council, deliberatur in com- 
muni consilio, Caes.: after mature d., 
quum [bene] consulueris, deliberaveris : 
see verb. Phr.: the matter was re- 
Served for d. to the senate, res ad sena- 
tum relata est, Liv.: [take no part in 
public d.s, publicis consiliis nullis inter- 
sum, Cic.: with d., v. DELIBERATELY, 
cf. also REFLECTION, CONSIDERATION. 
deliberative: délibérativus: Cic. 
Phr.: ad. body, consilium, Cic. 
delicacy: |. Fineness of texture: 
subulitas, ténuitas : Vv. FINENESS, ll. 
Rejined perception or taste: 1, sub- 
tiliias: Attic d. as it is called, ea s. 
quam Atticam appellant, Cic.: Tac. 
2, elégantia: v. REFINEMENT, ELE- 
GANCE. 8, fastidium (over d.): Join: 
fastidium (legentium) deliciaeque, Plin. 
V. FASTIDIOUSNESS. Phr.: (the 
animal) has great d. of scent, nares acu- 
tissimas babet, olfactus sensum acerri- 
mum habet; v. KEEN, ACUTE: te adapt 
oneself to Attic d. and nicety of judg- 
ment, ad Atticorum aures teretes et 
religiosas se accommodare, Cic. Or. 9, 
init. (delicatae aures, Quint. 3, 1, 3, has 
a different sense: see the place): v. RE- 
FINEMENT. II]. Of manners; volup- 
tuousness: mollitia: Vv. EFFEMENACY. 
IV. Of feeling; scrupulous regard 
for the feelings of others: *humanitas 
considerata atque religiosa; considerata 
urbanitas : Vv. POLITENESS, COURTESY. 
Phr.: to treat the passionate with more 
than usual tenderness and d., mollius 
delicatiusque tractare iracundos, Sen. 
V. Exquisite flavour : 1, sua- 
vitas: Cic. 2. (jucundus) sapor: v. 
FLAVOUR. VI. Concrete ; joo agree- 
able to the palate; cupedia, sapores : 
Vv. DAINTY (subs.). 
delicate (4dj.): |. Of jine tex- 
ture; jine, soft, etc. : 1. subtilis, 
ténuis: v. THIN, FINE. 9. téner, éra, 
érum ; dimin. ténelliilus, Cat. : v. TEN- 
DER. 8, délicatus: a girl more d. 
than a tender little kid, puella tenellulo 
delicatior haedo, Cat. Il. Having 
Jineness of perception or judgment: 1, 
subtilis, e: a d. palate, s. palatum, 
Hor.: Cic.: v. SUBTLE, PRECISE. " 
acitus: Vv. KEEN. 3, téres, étis (fig. : 
prop. smooth, well-turned): d. and scru- 
pulous ears, aures t. et religiosae, Cic. 
4, élégans, ntis: v. NICE, REFINED: 
a person of the most d. taste (with refer- 
ence to works of art), homo in omni 
judicio elegantissimus, Cic. Fam. 7, 27, ad 
init. §, fastididsus (over-d.) : v. FASTI- 
pious, 6, urbanus (of politeness): v. 
POLITE, REFINED. [I]. Agreeable to the 


taste: 1, suavis: Hor.: v. DELICI- 
ous. 2, exquisitus: v. CHOICE (adj.). 

3, délicatus: Plin. IV. Of 
health: not good: 1, infirmus: d. | 


health, inf. valetudo, Cic. Q. ténuis, e: | 
0 


DELINEATE 





a person of very d. health, tenui ‘aut 
potius nulla) valetudine (homo), Cic. de 
Sen. 11, 35: Caes.: Vv. WEAK, FEEBLE. 
Y. Difficult to deal with: lubricus 
(lit. shippery) : a d. matter to handle (in 
speaking), anceps et 1 locus, Plin. Ep.: 
a very difficult and d. mode of conduct- 
ing the defence, perdifficilis et 1 defen- 
sionis ratio, Cic. Plan. 2, 5: a d. businees, 
res difficillima tractatu, Liv. 
delicately ; subtiliter, éléganter ; 
molliter, délicaté (both in bad sense): 
see adj. 
delicateness: VY. DELICACY. 
delicious (of fod). 1, suavis, e: 
d. things (birds for the table, s. res), 
Hor. 9. exquisitus: d. vepusts, 
ex. epulae, Plin. 8, délicatus, Plin. 
Phr.: more d. (of eggs), succi melioris 
Hor. 
deliciously; v. DELIGHTFULLY. 
deliciousness; suavitas: Cic.: v. 
DELIGHTFULNESS. 
delight (subs.): |. Feeling of 
pleasure : 1, délectatio: man is led 
by the d. of seeing and heaving, homo 
videndi et audiendi delectatione ducitur, 
Cic. (For the distinction between de- 
lectatio and oblectatio, v. AMUSEMENT.) 
2. véluptas: v. PLEASURE. 3. 
gaudium: vy. JoY. Il. The cause of 
d.: 1, déliciae, arum: the d. (fa- 
vourite) of the people, deliciae populi, 
Pl: Cic.: Virg. 2. (poet.): vodlup- 
tas: d. of men and gods (Venus), divum 
hominumque voluptas, Lucr. 3. ob- 
lectamentum, d.s of the table, oblecta- 
menta gulae, lin. 4, (poet.): Amoe- 
nitas: my wife, my d., uxor mea, mea 
am., PL: v. Joy. 
delight (v.): |. Trans.: 1. 
délecto, oblecto, 1 (the former denoting 
absolutely that enjoyment is caused; 
the latter that it is a solace or diversion 
From some other state of mind): Cic.: 
Ter. 9. jiivo, jivi, jatum ( fut. part. 
jiivatirus), 1: esp. poet.: the camp ds 
many, multos castra j., Hor.: and words 
which d. the ear, auremque juvantia 
verba, Ov. 8, expr. by voluptas: as, 
voluptatem afferre; voluptate afficere, 
etc.: Vv. TO PLEASE, PLEASURE. Il. 
Intrans.: 1, gaudeo, gavisus sum, 
2 (with abl. of subs.; usu. inf. of verb, 
or quod and indic.: v. TO REJOICE): he 
d.s in horses and dogs, gaudet equis cani- 
busque, Hor.: to d. in praise, laudibus 
g., Liv. (laudari, Quint.) : everything we 
d. in is pleasure, omne id in quo gaude- 
mus voluptas est, Cic. 2. expr. by 
pliceo, arrideo, etc. (with dat.): Jd 
not now in princely Rome, mihi jam 
non regia Roma placet, Hor.: J d. in 
that nook above all other's, ille terrarum 
mihi praeter omnes angulus ridet, id., 
Od. 2, 6,13. (Cic. has arrideo; also Hor. 
Sat. 1, 10, 8g. 3, expr. by pass. of 
verbs under (I.): on thts I jeast, in 
this I d., this I enjoy, his ego rebus 
pascor, his delector, bis pertruor, Cic. in 
Pis. 20, init. 
delightful : 1, *moenus (esp. to 
the eyes): the d. country, am. rus, Hor. : 
Cic. 2. jiicundus (in any way): a d. 
companion, comes j., Cic.: to sing in @ 
d. manner, j. in modum canere, Gell. 
3, suavis, e (stronger than jucun- 
dus: v. SWEET): tt is d. to take Jrom a 
great heap, suave est ex magno tollere 
acervo, Hor.: it is very d. to me to re- 
member you, mibi suavissimum est tuae 
memoriae dare operam, Coel. ap. Cic. 
4, dulcis, e (like suavis): Cic.: v. 
swEET. (N.B.—The stronger sense of 
delightful may often be best expr. by 
superl. of the above adjectives.) _ 
delightfully: Amoene, jaicundé, 
silaviter (or superl. of the same): v. 
PLEASANTLY. L. 
delightfulness: jucunditas, sua- 
vitas, Amoenitas (esp. to the eyes): V. 
PLEASANTNESS, SWEETNESS. 
delineate: J. Tv mark out with 
aline: describo, délineo, désigno: v. TO 
MARK OUT, DESCRIBE. I. To represent 
by lines or words; limn, sketch, describe: 
1, describo, psi, ptum, 3: @ painter 
could not d. his figure more exactly, Dou 
193 


DELINEATION 





potuit pictor rectius d. ejus formam, 


PL: so of character, Cic.: v. TO DE- 
SCRIBE. 2. (verbis) exprimo, pressi, 
pressam, 3: Join: exprimere et ef- 


fingere verbis, Auct. Her.: also with 
oratione, Cic.: Vv. REPRESENT. 3. 
pono, pdsui, itum, 3: to d. a man, a 
god, hominem, deum p., Hor. 4 
imitor, 1: v. TO IMITATE. 5, ad- 
umbro, 1: v. TO SKETCH. 
delineation: descriptio (marking 
out, planning): Cic. Usu. however 
expr. with verb: as, no one was ever 
more accurate in the ad. of character, 
*nemo unquam mores ingeniumque ho- 
minum subtilius descripsit; verbis s. 
oratione expressit, etc.: v. preced. art. 
See also, SKETCH, DESCRIPTION. 
delinquency: délictum; quod con- 
tra officium est: v. OFFENCE. 
delinquent: (homo) noxius: v. or- 
FENDER, GUILTY. 
delirious: phrénéticus: Cic.: Cels. 
hr.: to be d., *delirio laborare; per 
morbum mente alienata esse: v. foll. 
art. 
delirium : 1, délirium: Cels. 
2. phrénésis, is, f.: Cels.: Juv.: 
v. INSANITY. 
deliver: (v.t.): |. To release: 1, 
libéro, & (with ace. and abl.): Cic.: Liv.: 
V. TO RELIEVE, FREE. 9, eximo, emi, 
emptum, 3 (with acc. ana dat., or abl. 
with prep.): tod. (any one) from death, 
morti (aliquem) ex., Tac.: tod. any one 
from chains, e vinculis aliquem ex., 
Cic.: Vv. TO RESCUE, EXEMPT. 38, solvo, 
6xsolvo, }: V. TO RELEASE. 4, éripio, 
ripui, reptum, 3: lit. to snatch from: v. 
TO RESCUE. 5, servo, conservo, 1: v. 
TO SAVE, PRESERVE. 6. vindico, 1 
(implying that some right/ul claim is 
made good): wisdom alone d.s us from 
the violence of lusts, sapientia sola nos a 
libidinum impetu v., Cic.; also with abl. 
without prep.: L. G. § 306. Il, To 
hand over to: 1, do, dédi, datum, 
dare: of letters: to deliver to a letter- 
carrier, to ‘‘post,’’ literas alicui d., Cic. ; 
also with ad and acc. of the person to 
whom the letter is written, Cic,: also 
with dat., of delivering a letter to the 
person for whom it was destined, Cic. 
2. reddo, didi, ditum, 3 (esp. of 
letters or messages): Cincius d.’d to me 
a letter from you, C. mihi abs te epi- 
stolam reddidit, Cic.: to d. messages, 
mandata r., Suet. 8, trado (trans- 
do), didi, ditum, 3 (fo hand over): tod. 
a treasure to a friend, amico thesaurum 
tr., Pl.: to d. oneself up to the enemy, 
tr.se hostibus, Caes.: to d. wp to punish- 
ment, aliquem ad supplicium (supplicio, 
Suet.) tr., Nep.: tod. up to incarcer- 
ation, in custodiam tr., Cic.: to d. over 
to protection, in fidem tr., Liv.: fo d. 
a will to any one to read, testamentum 
alicui legendum tr., Hor.: v. TO HAND 
DOWN, OVER. 4, dédo, prddo, 3: v. 
TO GIVE UP, SURRENDER. Il. Zo 
give forth, rehearse : 1, habeo, 2: to 
d. a speech, an harangue, orationem, 
contionem b., Caes.: Cic. 2. dico; 
xi, ctum, 3: @ speech d.’d from written 
notes, oratio dicta de scripto, Cic.: to d. 
judgment, sentence, jus, sententiam d., 
Cic.: v.TO UTTER. 3, Ago, €gi, actum, 
3 (with special reference to manner of 
speaking and action): awkwardness in 
d.ing (a speech), deformitas agendi, 
Cic.: te d. with dignity and grace, a. 
cum dignitate et venustate, Cic. 4. 
pronuntio, 1 (the most exact equivalent 
of the English word): Join: agere et 
pronuntiare (as comprehending the entire 
practice of a speaker), Cic.: v. DELIVERY. 
Phr.: to d. a speech, verba facere, Cic. 
IV. To let fly; as missiles: mitto, 
jacio (conjicio, of a number): v. TO DIS- 
CHARGE. V. To act as accoucheur : 
{feminae) parturienti adesse, cf. Ov. I. 
3, 256: *feminae parturienti operam 
dare: to be d’d of a daughter, puellam 
parére, ‘Ver.. did you d. my mother ? 
an tu fuisti meae matri obstetrix? PL: 
newly d.’d, feta. a newly d.'d she-bear, 
f. ursa, Ov.: frvends were coming to the 
newly d.'d (mother) to congratulate 
194 


DELUSION 


(her), veniebant ad fetam amicae gratu- 
latum, Varr. 

deliverance; i.e. release, saving: 

1. salus, itis, 7.: to bring assist- 

ance and d. to the needy, opem indi- 
gentibus sque ferre, Cic.: v. SAFETY, 
PRESERV ATION. 9, libératio (the act 
of setting free): Cic. 

deliverer : |. One uho delivers 
From some evil : 1. libérator (one 
who sets free): the d.s of their country, 
patriae liberatores, Cic.: Liv. : 
vindex, icis, m. (strictly, an avenger) : 
d. from danger, periculi v., Liv.: Her- 
cules, the d. of earth, H. terrae v., Ov. 

3. servator (one who preserves in 

safety): the temple of Jove the d., tem- 
plum Jovis s., Plin. 4, conservator ; 
Jem. conservatrix (more freq. than 
simple word): the guardians and d.s of 
this city (the gods), custodes et c. hujus 
urbis, Cic. 5, salvator: rare except 
in Christian writers: v. SAVIOUR. tl. 
One who hands over: expr. with verb: 
Vv. TO DELIVER (II.): d. of a message, 
nuntius, fem. nuntia: v. WESSENGER, 

delivery: |. A setting free, ete.: 





V. DELIVERANCE. IJ. Act of bringing 
Sorth children : 1, partus, ts (child- 
birth): Cic. 2, partira (= partus) : 
Varr. 3. puerpérium, Pl.: Tac.: 
Gell. (N.B.—May often be expr. by a 
verb: as, after d., enixa: to have a hard 
d., difficile, cum magnis doloribus par- 
ere: V. BRING FORTH.) II]. Utterance 
and gesture : 1, actio: dignity of 
d,, actionis dignitas, Cic.: v. ACTION. 
2. pronuntiatio: d. is by most per- 
sons called action, pr. a plerisque actio 
dicitur, Quint. (Actio is the more com- 
prehensive term, and includes the entire 
movement and bearing of a speaker.) 
3. Elécitio (oratorical d.): Cic.: v. 
ELOCUTION. 
dell: a grot, spécus, vallis, valliciila: 
V. VALLEY, DALE. 
delta: the letter: Delta, n. (indecl.): 
Plin.: also, delta, ae: Auson.: used as 
in Eng. of a district of land: Plin. 
delude: décipio; illudo (witb dat.), 
déludo (with acc.); lacto, etc.: v. TO 
DECEIVE. 
deluder: déceptor, lisor: v. DE- 
CRIVER. 
deluding (adj.): fallax, vanus: v. 
DELUSIVE. 
deluge: [late 1, diliivium 
(most gen. term ; denoting a wide-spread 
inundation) : constant storms and fre- 
quent d.s, assiduae tempestates et crebra 
d., Plin. Ep.: Sen. 9. diliivies, éi, 
J.: Hor.: Plin. 3. éltivio, Onis, f.: 
Cie. (twice). 4, inundatio: v. In- 
UNDATION, FLOOD, Phr.: to destroy 
mankind by a d., genus mortale sub 
undis perdere, Ov.: those whom the d. 
spared, quibus unda pepercit, Ov.: a d. 
of waters, agmen aquarnm, Virg.: a 
perfect d. of water, magna vis aquae, 
Cic. Il. Fig.: Phr.: to pour forth 
a d. of tears, vim lacrimarum profund- 
ere, Cic.: in such a d. of calamity, 
superantibus ac emergentibus malis, 
Liv.: he was buried beneath a perfect 
d. of the enemy, jacentem superfusi 
hostes oppresserunt, Liv. (Diluvium 
when used fig. denotes @ sweeping deso- 
lation, as by a deluge.) 
deluge (@.): |. Lit: 1, m- 
undo, 1: tod. the land with water, ter- 
ram aqua in., Cic. 9, diliivio, 1 
(rare): Lucr. Phr.: the whole country 
is d.d, omnia obtinent aquae, Liv.: v. 10 
INUNDATE. P niter 1. inundo, 
1: to be d.d with blood (of a battle-field), 
sanguine inundari, Liv.: the Cimbri 
like a storm had d.d Italy, Cimbros 
more procellae inundasse Italiam, Just. 
2. obriio, ti, itum, 3: to be dd 
with wine, vino obrui, Nep.: v. TO BURY, 
OVERWHELM. Phr.: the stage was d.d 
with blood, sanguine scena abundavit, 
Sen.: to d. Italy (of the Gaulish hordes), 
| superfundere se Italiae, Plin.: that the 
Spains were d.d with arms, Hispanias 
armis redundare, Tac. 





delusion: |. A trick: fallacia, 
captio, déceptio: v. DECEPTION. Il. 











DEMEAN 





Hallucination: 1, insania: doth a sweet 
d. play me false ¢ an me ludit amabilis 
ins.? Hor. 2, error (mentis): a most 
delightful d., mentis gratissimus error, 
Hor.: v. ILLUSION. 
delusive: 1, vanus (empty). 
d. dreams, somnia v., Suet.: v. VAIN. 
2. falsus: d. hopes, spes f., Cic. 
3. fallax: Join: (spes) falsa e( 
fallax, Cic.: Vv. DECEITFUL. 4, inuanis, 
e: d. fancies, inanes cogitationes, Cic..: 
v. EMPTY. 
demagogism: *concionariae artes $ 
artes quibus allicitur plebecula; quibus 
plebeculae favor conciliatur. 
demagogue: 1, conciénator (a 
speech-maker ; rare): the worthlessness 
(or fickleness) of d.s, levitas con- 
cionatorum, Cic. 2. plebicdla (one 
who pays court to the multitude): 
Join: plebicola omnisque popularis 
aurae captator, Liv.: a d. of a tribune, 
tribunus plebicola, Cic. Phr.: the ds 
buckle to for the consulship, turbatores 
vulgi ad consulatum accingi, Liv.: fo 
play the d., allicere ad se plebem, Liv.: 
V. SEDITIOUS, TURBULENT. 
demand (v.): 1, postiilo, 1 (less 
strong than the Eng., yet implying 
some claim or right : V. T0 CLAIM, BEG): 
to come to Rome to the Senate to d. as- 
sistance, Romam ad Senatum venire 
auxilium postulatum, Caes.: you d. of 
me two speeches, orationes duas me pos- 
tulas, Cic.: also full. by ut and ne with 
subj.: v. L. G.§ 451. 2. posco, po- 
posci, 3 (with still less of authority): 
to d. from any one a guardian, tutorem 
ab aliquo p., Suet.: when he had d.’d of 
the authorities the keys of the gates, 
claves portarum quum magistratus po- 
poscisset, Liv.: v. TO BEG. 38. fla- 
gito, 1 (to d. importunately, vehe- 
mently): tod. from any one pay, mer- 
cedem ab aliquo fl., Cic.: they d.’d corn 
of me (repeatedly), frumentum me fla- 
gitabant, Caes.: you d. of me that I 
spealc out, flagitas me ut eloquar, Pl. : 
he d.’d the exhibition of the picture, 
flagitavit ostendi picturam, Plin, See 
also TO REQUEST, ASK, BEG. Phr.: this 
matter d.s method and attention, hac in 
re habenda ratio et diligentia, Cic.: to 
live as one’s dignity d.s, vivere pro dig- 
nitate, Nep.: to determine as one’s dig- 
nity d.s, statuere ex dignitate, Cic. : the 
matter d.s much consideration, res magni 
consilii est, Cic. 
demand (subs.): _ 1, postiilatio- 
if the d. seems to you fair and honowr- 
able, si vobis aequa et honesta p. vide- 
tur, Cic.: to accede to a d., postulationi 
concedere, Cic.: to resist a d., postula- 
tioni resistere, Cic.: Vv. CLAIM. Pe 
postilatum: not to satisfy (any cne’s) 
d.s, non facere postulata, Nep. 3, pé- 
titio: V. REQUEST. 4. flagitatio (¢m- 
portunate, vehement d.): Cic.: Justin. : 
Tac. 5, rogatus, rogatio: v. RE- 
quest. Phr.: the d. he had made for 
an interview, quod de colloquio poustu- 
lasset, Caes.: the money is due on d., 
praesenti die pecunia debetur, Ulp.: 
good wares are always in d., proba merx 
facile emptorem reperit, Pl.: ad. (of a 
plaintiff), petitio, Cic.: Ulp.: your d. 
is just, I confess, jus petis (better im 
prose, aequa petis), fateor, Pl. 
demandant: pétitor: v. PLAINTIFF. 
demander: postilator, flagitator 
(iémportunate); or expr. with imperf. 
part. of verbs under DEMAND (q. V.). 
demarkation: chiefly in phr., lines 
of demarkation: which may be expr. 
by finis: there are certain lines of d. on 
either side of which, etc., sunt certi 
fines, ultra citraque quos, etc., Hor. Or 
by verb: we must draw a clear line of 
d., *diligenter fines describendi sunt 
inter, etc.; diligenter definienda sunt 
haec: v. BOUNDARY. : 
demean: |. Zo deport (oneself): 
géro, gessi, gestum ; to d. oneself royally, 
g. Se regem, Justin. : Cic.: v.T0 BEHAVE} 
Il. To lower (oneself): 1, dig: 
nor, I: V. TO DEIGN. 2, démitto, 
misi, missum, 3 (with pron. refl.): tods 
myself to those lesser matters, ad minora 


DEMEANOUTR 


illa d. me, Quint. 
¥. TO CONDESCEND. 

demeanour: 1. geatus, us: @ 
most unassuming d., g. modestissimus, 
Quint. 9. mores, um, m.: V. BE- 
HAVIOUR. 

dementate (v.): 1. mentem ali- 
cnjus alieno, 1: esp. of the act of an 
offended deity, Liv.: Plin.: v. DE- 
MENTED. 2, furiosum, insanum red- 
do, 3: v. (to make) map. (N.B.—De- 
mento, as in adage, quem deus vult per- 
dere prius dementat, is without class. 
authority.) 

der .entution; aliénata mens, fiiror: 
V. MADNESS, INFATUATION. 

demented (part. adj.): mente cap- 
tus (Cic, ), mentis inops, égens (Ov.), dé- 





3. submitto, 3: 


_mens, fiiriosus ; cui mens alienata est: 


V. MAD, INFATUATED. Phr.: to become 
d.,, mente alienari, Plin. 
demerit: culpa, délictum : v, FAULT. 
demesne: fundus, ager: v. EsTATE, 
DOMAIN. 
demigod: 1, sémideus: both ds 
and gods, semideique deique, Ov. 2 
héros, 0is: Vv. HERO. 8, hémithéus 
Mart. Capell. (Divus, the designation 
of deified emperors, etc., may sometimes 
be used: v. DEITY.) 
demi-goddess: 1. sémidea: Aus. 
9, hérois, idis: Ov.: Suet. (Also 
sometimes, diva; v. preced. art.) 
demise (¥.): |. 7» lease: léco, 1: 
Vv. TO LET, LEASE. I]. Zo leave by 
will: légo, 1; V. TO BEQUEATH. 
demise (suvls.): |. Death: déces- 
sus, Obitus: v. DEATH. — fj, Convey- 
ance of property: 1, (by lease) 16- 
catio: v. LEASE, 2. (by will) expr. 
by verb (légo); v. TO LEAVE. 
demi-tone: 1, sémitdnium : 
Manil. 9. hémitonium: Vitr. 
democracy : ], civitas pdpi- 
laris: Cic. (further defined by him as, 
in qua populo sunt omnia, Rep. 1, 26). 
2. liber populus: Cic. ib. 32. 
Phr.: ina d., quum omnia per popu- 
lum geruntur, Cic. ib. 27: the strength 
of the d., plebis vis, Sall. 
democrat: perh. plebicodla: v. DE- 
MAGOGUE. More precisely, *qui om- 
nia per populum geri vult; qui ei rei- 
publicae favet, in qua populo potestas 
summa sit; popularis potestatis fautor 
(based on Cic.): partium popularium 
fautor (based on Sall.). 
democratical: popilaris, e: v. DE- 
MOCRACY. 
democratically: *populi volun- 
tate, per populum (e. g. administrari). 
domohan (v.) : 1, démolior, 4 
(démOlio; Varr.): to d. a house, a wall, 
domum, parietem d., Cic. 9. dirt, 
ti, itum, 3: tod. acity, urbem d., Cic. : 
he d.’s, he builds, diruit, aedificat, Hor. 
8. prortio, til, titum, 3 (implying 
violence, assault): to d. fortifications, 
munitiones pr., Caes. 4. disjicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3 (to disintegrate, violently 
disunite): he utterly d.’d the citadel, a 
fundamentis arcem disjecit, Nep. 5. 
conficio, déleo: v. TO-DESTROY. 6. 
€verto, 3: V. TO OVERTURN, PULL 


_ DOWN. 


demolisher : 1, démolitor: a 
machine (called) the d., corvus d., Vitr. 
Q. Eversor: v. DESTROYER. 
demolition: 1, démdlitio (rare) : 
ic.: Vitr destructio (rare): 
some cities he punished by the d of their 
walls, civitales quasdam murorum de- 
Structione punivit, Suet.: v. DesTRUC- 
TION. 
demon: 
: Tert. 2. daemonium: Tert. 
8. génius (strictly, a tutelary spirit): 
Tert.: Lact. 
demoniac (subs.): daemdniacus : 
Firm. 


1. daemon, Snis, m.: 


demoniacal: J, Lit.: perfain- 
MONS : 1, daemdniiicus : 
Lact. 2, daemonicus: Tert. — [I. 
Fig.: of wickedness worse than human : 
uéfandus, exsecrandus: V. EXECRABLE, 
demonstrable: démonstrabilis, e: 
Apul. (Usu. better expr. with verb: 
quod demonstrari potest: v. foll. art.) 





DENARY 





demonstrably: Vhr.: that is d. 
false, *possunt ista firmissima ratione 


refelli: v. TO PROVE, DISPROVE. (Not 
probabiliter: v. PERSUASIVELY.) 

demonstrate : |. Strictly, to 
prove by logical demonstration : démon- 
stro, 1: the usual word in scientific 
Latin: v. TO PROVE, SHOW, POINT OUT. 

I]. In gen. sense; to prove: vinco, 

évinco, déceo, firmo, contirmo: v. TO 
PROVE, 

demonstration : |. Proof by 
logical reasoning: *démonstratio: the 
regular word in scientific Latin. (Not 
so used in class. writers.) See also 
PROOF, EVIDENCE. Il. Aanifestation, 
display: 4. Vv. 

demonstrative: i.e. of the nature 
of demonstration (v. preced. art.) : *dé- 
monstrativus (only in scient. Lat.): the 
sense is different in class. authors. Or 
by circuml.: to prove by d. arguments, 
*certissimis argumentis confirmare: v 
PROOF. 

demonstratively: *démonstrative 
(as logical t. t.): in gen. sense, to show 
d., firmis argumentis docere: v. TO 
PROVE. 

demoralization: _ |. Of morals: 
dépravatio (morum): Cic.: v. conRUP- 
TION. I. Of discipline, in an army : 
Phr.: an army in a state of d., exer- 
citus sine imperio et modestia habitus, 
Sall. Jug. 34; malis moribus depra- 
vatus, cf. Sall. 1. c.3; nimis liberaliter 
habitus, cf. Sall. Cat. 11: the d. of 
the army was complete, *apud exer- 
citum prorsus remissa omnia ac laxa 
erant ; nihil justi ac bene morati exer- 
citus erat. 

demoralize: |. orally : (mores) 
dépravo, 1: Vv. TO CORRUPT. Il. OF 
discipline: Phr.: soldiers d.d by de- 
feat, milites re mala gesta_ perculsi, 
Liv.; quibus animi clade accepta ce- 
ciderunt (based on Liv.): an army d.’d 
by quarrelling and frays, (exercitus in 
quo) corrupta jurgiis aut rixis disciplina, 
Tac.: v. preced. art. (II.). 

demulcent (#/j.): lenis, e: to use 
poisons so d. that we might, apparently, 
die without pain, ita lenibus venenis uti, 
ut posse videremur sine dolore perire, 
Cic.: Vv. SOOTHING, RELIEVING. 

demulcent (subs.): 1, 1énimen, 
fnis; lénimentum: Hor.: Plin. 2), 
fomentum: Vv. RELIEF. 

demur (v.): |. In law: excipio, 
cepi, céptum, 3: tod. to any one’s plea, 
adversus aliquem ex., Dig.: see also DE- 
MURRER. Il. Generally: to pause, 
hesitate: haereo, haesito, demoror: v. 





TO DELAY, HESITATE. Phr.: to d. to, 
réciiso, I: V. OBJECT TO, DECLINE. 

demur (subs.): mo6ra: v. STOP, 
PAUSE. 

demure: perh. tristis, subtristis, 
vérécundus : Vv. GRAVE, MODEST. In 
bad or dubious sense: *in tristitiam ac 
verecundiam compositus. 

demurely: expr. with adj. (L. G. 
§ 343): she will mingle d with the 
Satyrs, intererit Satyris paulum pudi- 
bunda, Hor. A. P. 233: v. MODESTLY, 
GRAVELY. 

demureness: *vultus pudibundus, 
in verecundiam compositus, tristitia: v. 
MODESTY, GRAVITY. 

demurrer (in law): 1, prae- 
scriptio: Quint.: Julian, Dig. , 
exceptio: Dig. Phr.: to put ina d., 
excipere, Dig. (v. TO DEMUR). 

den: 1. spécus, tis, m. and n.; 
also, spélunca, f.: a huge d. (of Cacus), 
ingens specus, Virg.: Ov.: Vv. CAVERN. 

Q, latibiilum (a hiding-place ; as of 
beasts): wild beasts hide themselves in 
d.s, ferae se latibulis tegunt, Cic.: v. 
LAIR. 3, latebra (usu. pl.; and in 
this sense chiefly poet.): d.s of wild 
beasts, latebrae ferarum, Ov.: Virg. 
4, antrum (chiefly poet.): v. Ca- 

VERN. 5. lustra, orum (poet. in this 
sense): d.s of wild beasts, lustra fera- 
rum, Virg. In prose, fig.; d.8 of in-| 
Jamy, Cic.: V. BROTHEL. 
ptenary (adj.): de@narius: Vitr. : | 

lin. 


DENSELY 





deniable: infitiandus (not to be 
used attributively): Nep.: v. DENY. 
denial: ], négatio: Cic. 3. 
infitiatio: d. of a deposit (or debt), de- 
positi in., Dig. 3, répiidiatio (rejec- 
tion, refusal): d. of suppliants, suppli- 
cum r., Cic. 4, répulsa (fig.: v. RE- 
JECTION): thou wilt meet with no d., 
nullam patiere r., Ov. 5, rénitus, 
récisatio: Vv. REFUSAL. And for syn, 
comp. TO DENY. Phr.: to give any one 
a flat d., praecise alicui negure, Cic. : 
self-denial, sui abnegatio (7): v. To 
DENY (IV.). 
denier ; (one who denies): 1. né- 
gator: ‘Tert. Q. infitiator (of debts) : 
Cic.: Sen. 3, répiidiator (one who 
rejects): ‘Tert. 4. expr. by part.: 
to vefute the denier of the gods, *deos 
negantem refellere: see L. G. § 638: v. 
TO DENY. 
denier (acoin): dénarius: v. penny. 
denizen: |. A citizen not a na- 
tive: 1, advéna, c. (opp. to indi- 
géna): Cic.: Virg. 2. hospes, itis ; 
J. hospita: Vv. STRANGER. Il. A 
dweller in: incdla,c.: V. INHABRITANT. 
denominate: déndminv, nomino, 1: 
V. TO NAME, DESIGNATE. 
denomination : |. Appellation : 
nominatio, nOmen: v. NAME. Il. 
Sect or school: secta: the Stoic d., Swica 
s., Tac.: v. SECT. 
denominational: *quod ad sectam 
aliquam disciplinamque pertinet; orgen. 
of secta: V. SECT. 
denominator (of a fraction): perh. 
*numerus dénominativus. 
denotation: déndtatio: Quint. 
denote: |. Yo imply, indicate: 
], indico, 1: v. INDICATE. 9. 
significo, 1: v. SIGNIFY. 8. décliro, 
1: to d. the same thing (of words), idem 
d., Cic. (Not denoto in this sense.) 
Il. Zo mark or note: ndte, 1: v. To 
NOTE. 
denouement (of a piece): 1. 
exitus, Us: the d. of a play, a Saree, fa 
bulae, mimi ex., Cic. 2. clausila: 
not to beable tohit upon a d.,c. non 
invenire, Cic. Coel. 27, 55. 3, cata- 
strophé (xaragtpody): Petr. 
denounce: |. Yo declare so- 
lemnly : ]. dénuntio, 1 (with acc. 
and dat.): to d. terrors against any one, 
terrores alicui d., Cic. 2. indico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (same constr.): V. TO DECLARE, 
Il. Zo inform of or against: Zz 
déféro, tali, Jatum, 3 (usu. foll. by no- 
men): to d.a person to any one as a 
parricide, nomen alicujus alicui de par- 
ricidio d., also with ace. of person: to d. 
any one for treason, aliquem majesta- 
tis d., Tac.: to be induced by a reward 
to d. criminals, ad reos deferendos prae- 
mio duci, Quint.: with acc, of the 
crime: he d.d the matter to the consuls, 
rem (conjurationem) ad consules detu- 
lit, Liv. 2. nuntio, 1, Papin. dig.: 
Ulp.: v. TO INFORM AGAINST, ACCUSE. 
denouncement: VY. DENUNCIATION. 
denouncer: acciisator, délator, in- 
dex: v. ACCUSER, INFORMER, 
dense: J. Lit: 1. densus 
(of particles crowded together): a &@ 
atmosphere, d. aér, Hor.: a d. croid, d. 
(humeris) vulgus, id.: «@ d. wood, & 
silva, Cic. Also, condensus (stronger 
than densus: thick together): Liv.: 
Lucr. 9. confertus (thickly crowded 
together): d. array, c. acies, confertis- 
sima acies, Liv.: Sall.: tostand in more 
d. array, confertiores stare, Liv. a; 
crassus (of thick texture): Vv. THICK. 
4, créber, bra, brum: very @ 
(crowded) buildings, creberrima aedifi- 
cia, Caes.: a d. willow-bed, c. salictum, 
Pl. 5. spissus (like crassus): v. 
THICK. Phr.: in d. array, confertim 
(e.g.) pugnare, Liv. See also CROWDED. 
, Fig.: as applied to extreme 
stupidity: stipor: ct. Cic. Phil 2, 12, 
3o. (Crassus, as applied to the mind, 
signifies wanting wn subticty or. refine- 
ment: cf. Hor. crassa Minerva, Sat. 


Ih Sy Soper 2 


densely: densé, confertim, crebro: 
Vv. THICKLY,. 
195 


DENSITY 


density: densitas, crassitiido, etc.: 


DEPARTMENT 


DEPENDENCE 








take wp thy cross, abnega teipsuni, tolle 


Vv, THICKNESS. (N.B. The natural den- | crucem tuam, Vulg.: a Kempis. Phr.: 


sity of the air, is densitas aris; crassi- 
tudo aéris, in Cic., is, wnusual thichkness 
or density of the atmosphere.) 
dent: 1, nota (any mark: q.v.): 
ef. Hor. Od. 1, 13, 12. 9. vestigium : 
cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 34, 79: V. TRACE. 
3. crénae, arum: v. NOTCH. 
dent (v.): (2) cavo, 1: v. TO INDENT. 
dental (adj.): |. Belonging to 
the tooth (med.): gen- of dens: as, d. 
Surgery, *dentium medicina, curatio. 
(Dentarius, in Apul.) |]. In gram- 
mar; epith. of a class of consonants : 
+dentalis, e. 
‘ dental (subs.): *dentalis litera. 
dentated; dentatus: Plin.: v. 
DENTED. 
denticle (a small tooth): dentici- 
lus: Pallad.: v. TOOTH. 
denticulated: 1, denticilatus: 
Plin. 9. serratus (edged like a saw) : 
Plin. 
dentifrice; dentifricium: Plin. 
dentil (architectural ornament) : 
denticilus: Vitr. 
dentist; *dentium medicus. 
dentistry ; *dentium medicina, ars 
medica. 
dentition; dentitio: Plin. Phr.: 
to aid slow d. af children, pueros tarde 
dentientes adjuvare, Plin. 
denudate 1, dénudo, nido, 1: 
denude {Cic.: Vv. TO STRIP. 9. 
detégo, rétégo: v. TO UNCOVER. 
denudation: niidatio: Plin. 
denunciation : 1. dénuntiatio : 
d. of war, belli d., Cic. 9. accusatio 
(accusation) : Cic. 8. délatio (accu- 
sation by an informer): Cic.: ‘Tac. 
4, indicium (evidence by an in- 
former): V. EVIDENCE, INFORMATION. 
5, comminatio, minae : i. e. menace, 
threat: q. Vv. 
deny: |. To say that a thing is 
not so: 1, négo, foll. by acc. and 
infin.: Cic.: Ter.: to d.a person (=say 
“not at home”), n. aliquem, Mart. Also 
in pass.: my chastity is d.’d, casta ne- 
gor, Ov. 9. infitior, 1 (usu. = to dis- 
own; to deny a charge made against 
one): Cic.: tt cannot be d.d, non est 
infitiandum, Nep. 3, (im same sense), 
infitias eo, 4, i. (not in Cic.): nor do 
I d. that, ete., neque infitias eo (with 
acc. and inj.), Liv.: Nep.: which no- 
body would @., quod nemo infitias eat, 
Nep. 4, abnuo, i, tum, 3 (rare in 
this sense): nor is it d.’d that tt was so, 
nec abnuitur ita fuisse, Liv. 5, ré- 
nuo, i, 3 (like abnuo, strictly to express 
denial by a gesture of the head: same 
constr.): Join: renuit negitatque, 
Hor. : Ov. ||. To disown: 1, in- 
fitior, 1 (opp. to confiteor, Cic.): foll. 
by ace. of newt. pron., or absol., Cic.: 
also with acc. of subs.: to d. knowledge 
of any one, uotitiam alicujus inf., Ov.: 
Cic.: V. TO DISOWN. Q. rénuo, 3 (with 
dat.): to d. a charge with frowning 
look, superciliis crimini r., Cic. f 
abnégo, 1 (rare): to d.a trust, deposi- 
tum ab., Flin. Ep. 4. rénuntio, 1 
(with dat.): v. TO RENOUNCE. Ill. Zo 
refuse something asked for : 1, négo, 
I (foll. by acc. of neut. pron., and poet. 
by acc. of subs.): to d. anybody a thing 
sitively, aliquid alicui praecise n., Cic. ; 
obstinately, obstinate, Caes.: tod. nour- 
ishment to the wretched, alimenta mi- 
seris n., Ov.: ‘Tac. 9, denégo, 1 
(with acc. of subs.): tod. an honour to 
an intimate friend, honorem homini 
amicissimo d., Cic.: tod. a request, quod 
quisorat,d.,Ter. 3, abnuo, 3 (constr. 
same as nego: Cic.: rarely foll. by de) : 
the senate dared not d. him in anything, 
heque illi senatus de ullo negotio ab. 
audebat, Sall. IV. Zo exercise denial 
(towards oneself) : 1. tempéro, 1 
(with pron. refl.): v. TO CONTROL (one- 
self), REFRAIN. 9, dénégo, 1 (with 
dat. of pron. refl.): to d. oneself all 
pleasures, sibi omnia quae jucunda vi- 
dentur d., cl. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14,35. 3. 
abnégo, § (with acc.: late, but the best 
word for religious sense): d. thyself, 
196 


IN- 


self-denying, sui (sibi, Hor.) imperiosus, 
Plin. : to d. oneself enjgoyments, volup- 
tates spernere, repudiare ; Vv. TO REJECT. 
deodand: nearest word, sacer, cra, 
crum: cf. Liv. 3, 55: “ qui nocuisset 
. . ejus caput Jovi sacrum esset.” 
depart: |]. Lit.: to go from a 
place : 1. abeo, ivi and ii, itum, 4, 
irr. (gen. term to go away from): the 
pestilence has d.’d from the place, de 
loco abiit pestilentia, Cic.: to d. from 
any one’s house, ab aliquo ab., Ter-.: 
very often absol., he has d.’d, abiit, Cic. 
9, exeo, 4, irr. (to go out of, forth 
from) : to d. from the city, ex. ex urbe, 
Cic.: v. TO QUIT. 8, discedo, cessi, 
cessum, 3 (to leave a person or place): 
foll. by de, ex, Cic.: Vv. TO LEAVE, QUIT. 
(Not decedo, unless the departure be 
compulsory or according to law: as, 
deeedere de provincia, of a retiring go- 
vernor, Cic.) 4, abscédo, 3: v. TO 
WITHDRAW. 5, excedo, 3 (implying 
that a person has been within certain 
boundaries): when he (Catiline) had 
d.’d (gone forth from the heart of the 
city), cum excessisset, Cic. 6, ceédo, 
3: ¥. TO WITHDRAW, RETIRE. 7, di- 
grédior, gressus, 3 (to part from: q. V.): 
tod. from home, domo d., Sall.: Caes. 
8. migro, 1 (to d. in order to dwell 
elsewhere): the very rats have d.’d (trom 
a ruined.place), etiam mures migrave- 
runt, Cic.: Vv. TO REMOVE. 9, dé- 
migro, 1 (like migro: but more freq.) : 
[on the arrival of the enemy] all d.’d 
trom the country to the city, quisque in 
urbem ex agris d., Liv.: 40 d. from their 
towns, oppidis d., Caes.: to d. hence 
(from this sphere of existence), hinc d., 
Cic. 10, émigro, t (=demigro; but 
rare): Cic. ll, proficiscor, fectus, 3 
(on a journey): V. TO SET OUT, START. 
12. facesso, cessi, itum, 3 (implying 
speed or hurry): d. hence to Tarquinti, 
facesse hine l'arquinios! Liv. : tod. with 
speed from the city, propere urbe f., 
Liv.- Cie. |]. Fig.: chiefly in phr., 
to d. this life, e vita discedere, migrare, 
emigrare, cedere, decedere ; € 07 eX vita 
demigrare, exire, abire ; ex vita disced- 
ere tanquam ex hospitio, Cic.: also 
simply, decedere, Cic.; excedere, Suet. : 
v.To DIE. Yo d. from justice, ab jure 
abire, Cic.: tod. from truth, a veritate 
desciscere, Cic. : to d. a single inch Jrom 
a rule, a regula transversum, ut aiunt, 
digitum discedere, Cic.: v. TO DEVIATE. 
To depart from a plan, consilium omit- 
tere: Vv. ABANDON. 
departed (part. adj.): i.e. dead: 
1, mortuus: v. DEAD. 2. de- 
functus (strictly, d. vita): to forget the 
d., defunctorum oblivisci, Plin. Ep. 
8. (in the case of a deceased Ro- 
man emperor): divus (—deified): Tac. 
4, manes, ium, m. (always pl.): 
V. SHADES. 
departure: I. 
place: abitus, is: Ter.: Cic. 
2, abitio (rare): Ter. 3. dis- 
cessus, Us (frequent): your d. distressed 
me, d. tuus afflixit (me), Cic.: d. from 
the city, ab urbe d., id.: the d. af am- 
bassadors (after audience), d. legatorum, 
Caes. 4, discessio (rare in this sense) : 
V. DIVISION, SEPARATION. 5, profec- 
tio (on a journey or errand): d. and 


Lit.: from a 


return, p. et reversio, Cic.: Caes. 6. 
exitus, Us (rare in this sense): Cic. 7, 
digressio, digressus: v. PARTING. 8. 


| Phr.: to take one's d., proficisci (v. To 
SET OUT), migrare, demigrare (see verb, 
I., 8): to hasten one's d., iter maturare, 
Caes.: to make preparations for d., iter 
comparare (parare), Nep. || ee a 
trom life: discessus, Obitus, etc.: v. 
DEATH, DECEASE: “ the time of my d.,” 
tempus resolutionis meae, Ll. Tim. iv. 
6: to take one's d., migto, etc.: see 
subs. (11.) 
department: |. A district: no 
exact word: perh., dioecésis, is, f. : 
| Cic.: “ dioecesis dicitur portio quaedam 
| provinciae, cujus administratio et juris- 
| dictio propraetori permissa est. Latine 








| Cic.: 


dici jurisdictio et praefectura dici po- 
test,” Forcell. s.v. (Regio, pars, are 
too vague. Sometimes pagus may do; 
used by Caes. of the Helvetii, B. G. 1, 
12.) ||. Branch of auministiation : 
1, provincia (as appointed to a ma- 
gistrate of Rome): (the praetor) whose 
d. (or province) was the fleet, cui pro- 
vincia classis erat, Liv. 42, 48: cf. id. 
37, 2, ad fin., L. Aemilius, cui pr. ma- 
ritima erat. (But the word is not used 
ot a department of office abstractly con- 
sidered.) Provincia is also used in more 
general sense: V. PROVINCE (fig.) 2. 
miunus, éris, 2.: V. OFFICE, FUNCTION. 
8, administratio: to be distin- 
guished in every d. of state, florere in 
omni ad. reipublicae, Cic. 4, curatio: 
Vv. CARE, CHARGE, 5, ministérium :- 
in the conduct of his d. of service, ad 
curationem m., sui, Liv. Ill. Branch, 
division : 1, génus, éris, n.: to la- 
bour in every d. (of study), in universo 
g. elaborare, Cic.: to leave that one d. of 
study only to the orator, id unum g. 
oratori relinquere, id. Q. res, réi, f. 
(when the department has been before 
described): v. OBJECT. 
depend: |. Lit.: to hang down : 
dépendeo, pendeo, 2: v. TO HANG DOWN. 
Il. Fig.: to be dependent upon: 
1, pendeo, pépendi, 2: that on your 
single life d. the lives of all, ex unius 
tua vitam p. omnium, Cic.; also with 
in and abl.: Cic.: with de and abl., 
Hor.: with abl. only (poet.): forgetful 
that on thine d.s our safety, oblitus tua 
nostram p. salutem, Sil. 2. nitor, 
nisus and nixus, 3 (to be supported by 
something: with abl. aione or with 
prep. in): to d. on the aid of another, n. 
alterius ope, Cic.: to d. on (support one- 
self by) an abundance of illustrations, 
copia exemplorum n., Cic.: to d. on 
truth, on veport, veritate, fama n., Cic. : 
on whose life the safety of the state d.’d, 
in cujus vita nitebatur salus reipublicae, 
Cic.: Caes.: absol.,on what will you d., 
ubi nitere? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 64,155. 3, 
innitor, 3 (i.qg. nitor, and with same 
constr.): Tac. See also DEPENDENT, TO 
BE. 4, consisto, stiti, stitum, 3 (¢o 
be involved in, contained in, bound up 
with: with in and abl.): on this the 
whole case d.s, in hoc causa tota c., Cic.: 
(the things) in which a truly happy life 
d.s, in quibus vita beata c., Cic. 5 
consto, stiti, statum, 1£ (=consistu: 
same constr.): victory d.s upon the 
courage of those cohorts, victoria in ea- 
rum cohortium virtute c., Caes.: every 
right d.s either upon prescription or cus- 
toms, omne jus aut scripio aut moribus 
c., Quint. 6, pouor, positus, 3 (to 
be placed upon, rest in: with in and 
abl.) : it d.s on you, in te positum est, 
Cic. 7, contineor, tentus, 2: v. TO 
BIND UP (III.) 8, vertor, versus, 3 
(with in and abl.): v. TO TURN UPON. 
Phr.: these things do not depend upon 
us, haec non sunt in nostra manu, Cic. : 
as far as d.s upon me, pro virili parte, 
Cic.: everything d.s upon that, omnia 
sunt in eo, Cic.: as much as ds on 
them, quantum in illis est, Liv.: v. 
POWER (Phr.): we d. upon God for all 
things, *cuncta Deo debemus; divini 
muneris sunt omnia quibus fruimur 
(based on Hor.): Vv. INDEBTED, TO BE. 
Ill. Zo rely on; 1, miter; = ive 
supr. (2). 9. fido, confidu, fisus (usu. 
with dat.; also with abl.): v. TO TRUST, 
ReEryYON. Pbhr.: d. upon it, mihi 
crede! procul dubio! v. UNDOUBTEDLY : 
that may be d.’d om, credibilis, gravis: 
Y. CREDIBLE, TRUSTWORTHY, RELIABLE, 
dependence: |. 4stateof inferio- 
rity or subjection : ], servitus, aris: 
Vv. BONDAGE, SUBJECTION. 9, clientéla 
(strictly of the Roman client to his 
patron): to be ina state of d. on any 
ome, esse in fide et c. alicujus, Cic.: to 
devote oneself tod. on any one, dicare 
se alicui inc., Caes. Phr.: nations in 


|@ state of friendship with, and d. upon 


the people of Rome, nationes quae in 
amicitiam P, R. ditionemque essent, 
simly., in alicujus potestate et 





DEPENDENCY 


DEPOSE 


DEPRECATE 





ditione, Cic. (v. POWER, CONTROL); to be | face smooth and bald with d.s, psilothro 


tin a state of d. upon any one, alteri 
parere et servire, Cic.: (v. DEVOTED, TO 
BE); arbitrio suo carere, Cic, ; alieni ar- 
bitrii esse, Suet.; alicui obnoxium esse, 
vivere obedientem alicui: v. DEPEND- 
ENT. Il. Reliance: fides, fiducia: 
V. CONFIDENCE, RELIANCE. Phr.: to 
place d. on any ome, alicui fidere, con- 
fidere: v. TO TRUST. II]. Connexion : 
connexio, conjunctio: Vv. CONNEXION. 
IV. Concrete: that which is in a 
state of inferiority or subjection: ac- 
cessio, appendix: v. APPENDAGE. 
dependency: i.e. a subject state: v. 
suBJECT. Phr.: Gaul became a d. of 
the Roman empire, Galli sub P, R. im- 
perium ditionemque ceciderunt, Cic.: 
the ds of Antiochus, qui sub Antiochi 
imperio sunt, Liv. (v. PowER): ali the 
d,s of the Roman people, *omnes gentes 
atque civitates quae populo R, parebant : 
to govern your country or its ds, regere 
patriam aut parentes, Sall. 
dependent (a/j.): 1, obnoxius 
olden to, under the influence of: 
with dat.) : d. on her brother’s rays (of 
the moon), ob. fratris radiis, Virg.: d. 
on jewellery (for beauty), gemmis ob., 
Prop.: d. on any one, aiicui ob., Sall.: 
suppliant and d., supplex et ob., Cic. 
Q. dbédiens, ntis (with dat.): Sall.: 
Vv. SUBMISSIVE, OBEDIENT. 3. sub- 
jectus: v. sunsect. Phr.: to bed. on: 
(1). servio, 4 (with dat.): Join: alteri 
parere et servire, Cic.: v. DEVOTED, TO 
BE. (2). pareo, 2 (with dat.): Join: 
parere et obedientem esse (alicui), Cic. : 
V.OBEY. (3). pendev, pépendi, pensum, 
2 (to be a hanger on: with prep.): the 
Friend that is d.on you, pendens de te 
amicus, Hor. (4). indigeo, 2 (to need: 
q. v.): to be d. on the assistance of others, 
alienarum opum ind., Nep. 
dependent (subs.): 1. cliens, 
Dtis, c. (strictly, a client at Rome): old 
and faithful d.s, fidi veteresque cl., 
Sall.:; Caes.: v. CLIENT. 2. assecla, 
m. (often in bad sense): flatterers and 
d.s, assentatores a.que, Cic. 3, umbra 
(a humble guest, brought by a great 
man): Hor. Phr.: a body of as, cli- 
entéla; in this sense, usu. pl.: Caes. 
Sall. 


depict: |. With the pencil: 1, 
pingo, dépingo, nxi, ctum, 3: v. 10 
PAINT. 2. imitor, 1: tod. the beauty 
of the Coan Venus, Coae Veneris pul- 
chritudinem im., Cic. 3, pono, podsui, 
positum, 3 (to place or represent): that 
his figure should be d’d foremost, ut 
ee ejus imago poneretur, Nep. (ef. 

lor. A. P. 34). 4. effingo, nxi, ctum, 
3: tod, the catastrophe in gold, casus 
ef. auro, Virg. : tod. a countenance, line- 
amenta oris ef., Cic. 5, repraesento, 
1: Plin.: v.TO REPRESENT. Phr.: to 
d. @ cypress tree, cupressum simalare, 
Hor.: to d. a dolphin in the woods, 
delphinum appingere silvis, Hor. Il. 
In words : 1, describo, psi, ptum, 3: 
to d. a rainbow, pluvium arcum 4a, 
Hor.: v. 10 DESCRIBE, 2. dépingo, 
3: more precisely, sermone depingere, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 29. 3. expriro, pressi, 
pressum, 3 (to represent exactly): tod. 
the portrait of a brave man, imaginem 
fortissimi viri ex., Cic.: to d. Cha- 
rybdis fiom imagination, Charybdim 
fingendo ex., Cic. Join: exprimere et 
polire (effigiem), Cic.: v. TO DESURIBE, 
REPRESENT. 

depilate (v. ¢.): déglibro, r: Lact. 

depilation: expr. with verb: they 
practised d., capillos vellere solebant 
(cf. Suet. Caes. 45): or perh., *capil- 
lorum defluvium arte facere: v. FALL- 
ING (OFF). Ihe verb deglabro (to free 
JSvom hairs) occurs in this sense only in 
p. part., deglabratum (corpus), Lact. 

depilatory (adj.): *psilothri na- 
turam habens: ud pilos eradicandos, 
exsecandos, detrahendos aptus: vy. foll. 
art. 


depilatorv (subs.): 1, psilothrum: 
to compound a d., p. conficere, Plin. 32, 
10, 47: to use as ad., pro p. uti, Plin. 
2. dropax, acis, m.: you make your 


faciem levas et dropace calvam, Mart. 
3,74. Phr.: (to use) asad, *ad capil- 
lorum defluvia facienda: to apply a d. 
to any one, dropacare, Octay. Hor. in 
Forcell. 
depilous;: dépilis. dépilatiis ; capillis 
carens* Vv. BALD, HAIRLESS. 
depletion : sanguinis detractio, mis- 
si0: Y¥. BLOOD-LETTING. Phr.: to use 
d., sanguinem deplere, Plin. 
depletory (adj.): ad sanguinem 
detrahendum aptus (?) 
deplorable; misérabilis, luctndsus, 
flébilis, lagendus, plorabilis (uot de- 
plor.), etc.: Vv. LAMENTABLE. Phr.: 
no one was ever in so d. a condition, 
nemo unquam tanta calamitate (fuit) 
affectus, Cic.: in a most d. condition, in- 
credibili et singulari calamitate afflictus ; 
perditus afflictusque, Cic. 
deplorableness: Phr.: notwith- 
standing the d. of my condition, *etsi 
res meae adeo afflictae perditaeque sint; 
in tantis meis miseriis infortuniisque : 
v. preced. art. (jin.). 
deplorably ; miséré, misérabiliter, 
miserandum in modum, Cic.: v. MISER- 
ABLY. 
deplore: 1, miséror, 1: to d. 
any one’s misfortune, fortanam alicujus 
m., Cic.: Caes. 2, déploro, 1 (strictly, 
to wail loudly over): Cic.: Liv.: v. TO 
BEWAIL, 8. défleo, flévi, flétum, 2 
(=deploro): Cic.: see also TO LAMENT. 
deploy: milit. ¢. ¢.: 1, explico, 
avi and ui, atum and itum, 1 (with 
pron. vefl., or as pass.): the cavalry 
began to d. by troops, equites se turma- 
tim ex. coeperunt, Caes.: also, explicare 
ordines, Liv. 2. expédio, 4 (to get 
troops in readiness for engagement) : 
Caes. Phr.: with line of battle fully 
d.’d, acie aperta, Liv. 38, 41. 
deplumed: déplimis, e: Plin. 
deponent (svbs.): index, testis: v. 
WITN‘'SS, INFORMANT. 
deponent (adj.): gram. f¢. t.: dé- 
| ponens, ntis: with verbum: Charis. : 
Diom. 
depopulate: 1. vacuéficio, feci, 
etc. 3 (rare in this sense): he d.d the 
island of Scyrus, Scyrum vacuefecit, 
which is immediately explained, “ ses- 
sores veteres urbe insulaque ejecit,” 
Nep. Cim. 5. Q2. vasto, 1: more pre- 
cisely, civibus fines v., Hirt.; cultoribus 
v., Virg. (Less freq. are devasto, per- 
vasto, intens.) 8, désdlo, 1: v. To 
DESOLATE. 4, podpiilor, dépdpiilor, 1 
(to lay waste a country with fire and 
sword): V. TO RAVAGE, WASTE (LAY). 
Phr.: the city was being d.d by death, 
urbs funeribus exhauriebatur, Liv.: to 
prevent the country Jrom being d.d, *ne 
regio illa vacua foret incolis. 
depovulated (part. adj.): vastus, 
incolis nudatus: v. WASTE, UNINHABITED. 
depopulation: |. As act: vasta- 
tio: V. DEVASTATION. (But usu. better 
expr. with verb: after the d. of the 
island, quum incolae insulae ejecti 
essent: Vv. TO DEPOPULATE.) I. As 
state: vastitas: Cic.: V. DEVASTATION, 
DESOLATION. 
depopulator: vastator, pdpulator : 
vV. RAVAGER, 
devort: !, 7o banish to an island: 
déporto, 1: either with or without in 
insulam: Tac, ||. Zo conduct oneself, 
behave: géro, 3 (with pron. refl.): v. 
TO BEHAVE. 
deportation: déportatio (in insu- 
kam): Ulp. 
deportment: gestus, hibitus: v. 
BEHAVIOUR. 
depose: |. To remove from a high 
office: J], abrdégo, 1 (with acc. of office, 
and dat. of person): to d. a colleague, 
collegae magistratum, imperium ab., 
Cic. (Abrogo implies a formal motion 
Jor deposition.) 2, modveo, movi, 
métum, 2 (with acc. and abl.): to d. 
From the senate (as done by the Censors), 
senatu, senatorio loco m., Liv. Simly., the 
comps., summoveo, Temoveo, amoveo: 





as, [tribunum plebis] administratione | 
reipublicae summovere, Suet. ; [con- | 


sulem] a republica removere, Caes,; 
[quaestorem] a sua frumeniaria procu- 
ratione amovere, ic. 3. adimo, &m, 
emptum, 3 (with ace. and dat.): to @. 
an accused person from the praetorship, 
praeturam reo ad., Tac.: to d. a general 
Jrom the command, alicui exercitus ad, 
Suet, Caes. 24: Vv. TO DEGRADE. 4. 
abdico, 1 (in pass. sense; with pron, 
refl., or aS pass.: the office-holder being 
regarded as resigning rather than being 
deposed): cf. Sull. Cat. 47: and v. To 
abpicaTe. N.B, Abvlere magistratum, 
Liv. 3, 38, is to doaway with the office 
(of the decemvirs) altogether. ll. To 
give evidence: testor, testificor, testi- 
monium do; pro testimunio dico, Cic,: 
V. WITNESS (TO BEAR), TESTIFY. 
deposit: |. To lay down: ; 
dépono, posul, positum, 3 (tore freq. in 
sense Il.: v. wnfr.): to d. seeds ina 


Jurrow, semina sulco d, Col. 2 
pono, posui, pdsitum, 3: to d. eggs, ova 
p. Ov.: v. TO LAY, PLACE. Il. %o 


put for safe keeping: 1. dépono, 3 
(constr. various: v. infr.): to d. money 
in a temple, pecuniam in templo d., Liv. : 
also with acc.: in silvas d., Caes.: to 
d. money with any one, pecuniam apud 
aliquem d., Cic.; also, ad aliquem, 
Varr.: to d. mumey in the treasury, 
pecuniam in publicum d., Cues. . 
mando, commendo, 1: v. TO COMMIT, 
Trust. Phr-.: tod.a slave as a pledge, 
servum pignori dare, Pap. dig. 
deposit (subs.) - |. That which is 
trusted in the hands of another : L 
dépositum: to return a d., d. reddere, 
Cic. 2. (earnest) arrha: arrhibo, 
Onis, m. (earnest money): to offer 40 
minas by way of d., arrhaboni dare 
quadraginta minas, Pl.: to make upa 
d., arrham complere, Isid. 3, pignus, 
oris, Nm =: V. PLEDGE. 4, fidiicia: v. 
SECURITY. 5, sacramentum (money 
paid into court): Cic.: Varr. il. oF 
JSluids: sédimen, inis, n : in urine, 
Coel. Aur.: Vv. SEDIMENT. Phr.: allu- 
vial d., *limus qui allnitur. 
depositary: _ 1, dépdsitarius (legal 
term): Ulp. 9. custos, ddis, c.: v. 
KEEPER. 3. séquester, tri and tris, 
m. (in whose hands is put property dis- 
puted at law): Gell. Also used as neut.; 
in sequestro deponere =apud seques- 
trem d.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
depositing (suls.) : dépisitio: Ulp. 
deposition : |. Vegradation : 
expr. with verbs under TO DEPOSE: by 
his d. of his colleague, *yuum collegae 
magistratum abrogasset: the d. of Octa- 
vius was illegal, *contra leges Octavius 
tribunicia potestate amotus est. ; 
Evidence: testimodninm (esp. written): 
read your witnesses’ d.s, legite testi- 
monia testium vestrorum, Cic.: to make 
a d., t. dicere, Cic.: V. EVIDENCE. 
depositor: dépdsitor: Ulp. 
depository : ]. réceptacilum: a 
d. for produce, r. frugibus, Tac.: Cic. 
Q, Apothéca: Cic.: v. STOREHOUSE. 
3, thésaurus: v. REPOSITORY. 
depot; perb. nearest words, 1, hor- 
Treum (Vv. GRANARY, STOREHOUSE): that 
place served as a d. for provisions to the 
Carthaginians, id h. fnit Poenis, Liv. 
21, 48, jin. 9. conditdrium (rare): 
d. for batteries, c. muralium torment- 
orum, Amm. Phr.: (hat place he had 
made his d., ibi stipendia »»7mmeatusque 
locaverat, Sall. 
depravation : dépravatio: v. PER- 
VERSION, CORRUPTION. 
deprave: dépravo, 1: Vv. TO CORRUPT 
depraved (adj.): 1, privus. 
Join: [ingenio) malo pravoque, Sall. 
9. corruptus d. morals, c. mores, 
Sall. Phr.: utterly d., *omnibus fla- 
gitiis assuetus, imhutns; troops of &@ 
characters, omnium flagitiorum atque 
facinorum (abst~. jor concer.) catervae, 
Sall. Cat. 14: Vv. PROFLIGATE,, VICIOUS. 
depravity : 1, pravitas: more 
fully, morum pr., Cic. 92. déprivatio 
et foeditas animi: Cic, 8. improbi- 
tas: V. WICKEDNESS. 4. corrupti, 
mali mores: Vv. CORRUPT, VICIOUS. 
deprecate: i.e. tobegoff: 1, de- 
197 


DEPRECATION 


DEPTH 


DERISION 








précor, 1: tod. the anger of the Senate, d. 
iram Senatus, Liv.: the person on whose 
behalf, with ab: d. a se calamitatem, 
Cic. 2. abominor, 1 (of tl omens) : 
what we should most d., you would de- 
stre, quod nos maxime abominaremur, 
vos optaretis, Liv.: v. To BEG. Phr.: 
we d. all ill-will, *omnino ab invidia 
atque inimicitia abhorremus; omni in- 
vidia ac studio nos liberos esse volumus. 
deprecation: déprécatio: Cic. 
deprecator: deprécitor : Cic. 
deprecatory : *quod ad deprecandum 
aptum s. iduneum sit: or expr. with 
part. of deprecor: d. remarks, depre- 
cantis, deprecantiuin oratio: see L. G. 
§ 638. 
depreciate: |. Lit.: to lower 
in price: déprétio, 1 (rare): Paul. dig. 
(better, de pretio detrahere; rem vili- 
orem reddere): v. TO CHEAPEN. il. 
To undervalue: 1. deétraho, xi, 
ctum, 3 (with de and abl.): to d. (de- 
tract from the merits of) the Senate, de 
Senatu d.: Cic.: Nep.: v. TO DIs- 
PARAGE. 9, détrecto, t (with direct 
acc.: not in Cic.): to d. the fame of 
Cicero, Ciceronis gloriam d., Dial. Or. : 
Liv. 3. élévo, 1 (to make light of): 
to d. any one’s noble deeds, praeclara 
facta alicujus el., Liv. 4, obtrecto, 
I (with dat.: stronger than Iing.): v. 
TO UNDERRATE, DISPARAGE. 
depreciation: |. Lowering of 
price: vilitas: to cause a d. in any- 
thing, vilitatem aiicui rei facere, Plin 
Phr.: when estates were suffering from 
d. in value, quum jacerent pretia prae- 
diorum, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33: there is 
reason to fear a d. in the value of gold, 
*metuendum est, ne auro pretium detra- 


hatur: v. preced. art. (1.). ||. Dis- 
paragement : obtrectatio: V. DISPAR- 
AGEMENT. 

depredate: praedor (depraedor, 


Just.) : v. TO PLUNDER, PILLAGE. 

depredation: 1. expilatio: Join: 
ex. direptioque [sociorum], Cic. 2. 
direptio: Cic.(v.supr.). 3, praedatio: 
to harass a kingdom with d.s, regnum 
praedationibus praedari, Tac. Join: 
latrociniis ac praedationibus [infestare 
mare], Vell. 4, latrocinium: often 

.: to commit d.s, latrocinia agitare, 
‘Tac.: Vell. 5, deépraedatio (rare) : 
Lact. Phr.: to commit d.s, praedari, 
latrocinari, ferre et agere: v. TO PLUN- 
DER: to live by d.s, rapto vivere, Liv. 

depredator: praedator, praedo, la- 
tro: or use part. of verbs under to de- 
predate: as, to kill the d.s, praedantes 
obtruncare. 

depredatory: praedatorius: Sall.: 
V. PREDATORY. 

deprehend : v. DETECT. 

deprehension: dépréhensio: Cic.: 
Ulp.: v. DETECTION. 

depress: |. In physical sense : 
déprimo, prémo, 3: v. TO PRESS (DOWN), 
LOWER. Il. Fig.: to lower, degrade: 

1, déprimo, pressi, pressum, 3: to 

d. an enemy: hoster d., Liv.: v. To 
LOWER. 9, prémo, 3: Liv.: v. TO 
HUMBLE. 3. jaceo, ui, 2 (in pass. 
sense) ; the value of estates ts d.’d, jacent 
pretia praediorum, Cic. II. Zo lower 
the spirits of : 1, frango, frégi, fract- 
um, 3 (esp. in pass.): to be d.’d in mind, 
frangi animo, Cic. Join: [animus] 
frangitur et debilitatur, Cic. Q, in- 
fringo, 3}: V. TO DISCOURAGE. ay 
jiceo, 2 (in pass. sense: stronger than 
Eng.): to be grievously d.'d with grief, 
in muerore j., Cic.: v. PROSTRATE, TO 
BE. 4, affligo, xi, ctum: v. TO 
CAST DOWN, DISTRESS, 

depressing (adj.): tristis, luctudsus, 
anxius: Vv. SAD, ANxIOUS. Or by cir- 
cuml.: quod animum frangit, infringit, 
debilitat: v. To piscouRAGE (IIIL.). 

depression : |. Physical: de- 
pressio: Macr.: Vitr. (Usu. better 
expr. by verb: there 1s a d. in the earth, 
*deprimitur, premitur tra: v. TO PRESS 
DOWN.) ‘fj. Fig.: reduction in power, 
etc. : 1, imminitio; Cie. 2, bi- 
militas (any low state: stronger than 
the “Sh Vv. LOWNESS, MEANNBSS. 

I 








Phr.: the party of the optimates was 
suffering under d., *optimatium partes 
jacebant, afflicfae erant, imminutae 
erant: V. TO DEPRESS. [Il. Lowness 
of spirits: 1, animus fractus; ani- 
mus afflictus et fractus, Cic. 2. in- 
fractio quaedam animi et demissio (im- 
plying also faintness of heart): Cic. 
nseaess) tj s0i4- 3. tristitia: v. SAD- 

deprivation: |. 7he act of de- 
priving : 1, ademptio: d. of goods, 
bonorum ad., ‘l'ac.: Cic. 9. privatio: 
every deprivation of (i.e. inflicted by) 
pain, omnis doloris pr., Cic. 3. orba- 
tio: Sen. (Or expr. by ger. of verbs 
under DEPRIVE: 4. V-) Il. The state- 
of being without something: 1, priva- 
tio: Cic.: Vv. PRIVATION. 9. orbitas 
(when the thing has been possessed) : d, 


of sight, or. luminis, Plin. 3. inopia: 
Vv. WANT. 
deprive: 1. privo, 1 (with ace. 


and abl.): to d. oneself of sight, se oculis 
pr., Cic.: to d. any one of sleep (of grief), 
aliquem somno pr., Cic. (N.B. Not 
deprivatio, which has no classical au- 
thority.) 2. spdlio, 1 (to vob; q. v.: 
same constr. as preced.): that philo- 
sophy which d.s us of our judgment, ea 
philosophia quae s. nos judicio, Cic. 
(Stronger still, despolio, exspolio: v. TO 
ROB, SPOIL.) 3, orbo, 1 (implying that 
the object is left desolate and helpless) : 
it d.s us of all our senses, omnibus nos 
orbat sensibus, Cic. 4, adimo, émi, 
emptum, 3 (with acc. and dat.): tod.a 
person of every excuse, alicul omnem 
excusationem ad., Cic.: v. TO TAKE 
AWAY. 5, Gripio, ripui, reptum, 3 
(implying suddenness and _ violence : 
constr. same as preced,): v. TO SNATCH 
away. Phr.: to d. any one of prefer- 
ment (by violence): dejicere aliquem 
honore, Liv.: to d. any one of office (by 
legal means), alicui magistratum abro- 
gare, Cic.: which thing d.s the orator of 
credit, quae res fidem abrogat oratori, 
Auct. Her.: to d. any one of his pro- 
perty (judicially), aliquem bonis mul- 
tare, Cic.: to d. of reason, aliquem de 
sanitate ac mente deturbare, Cic. 
deprived (part. adj.) : 1. captus 
(of some faculty of body or mind: with 
abl.): d. of sight and hearing, captus 
oculis et auribus, Cic.: 4d. of reason, 
mente c., Cic. 9. orbus (with abl.) : 
V. BEREFT. 8. cassus (in this sense 
poet.: with abl.): d. of life, c. lumine, 


Virg. 4, expers, exsors: V. DEVOID, 
DESTITUTE. 
depth: |. Lit.: the quality of 


deepmess : 1, altittiido: immense d., 
infinita, miranda a., Cic.: Caes. D), 
profunditas (strictly, unfathomable or 
exceeding d.: rare): Macr. Phr.: 
sunk to the d. of cbout 12 feet, circiter 
duodecim pedes humi depressus, Sall. 
(but in altitudinem, Cic.): to get out of 
one's d., vado destitui (cf. Liv. 21, 28, 
med.) ; supra plantam evegari, Val. 
Max. I]. Concrete: that which is 
deep (only in pl.): 1, altum, pro- 
fundum (the latter poet.): to be drowned 
in the ds of the sea, demergi in pro- 
fundum maris, Vulg.: v. DEEP. i 
pontus (the deep sea): the d.s of the sea, 
pontus maris, Virg. A. 10, 377. f 
gurges, itis, m. (strictly, a whirlpool; 
hence, a deep gulf or abyss): what d.s 
(of the sea), what streams, qui &., quae 
flumina, Hor.: Virg.: v. GULF, ABYSS. 

4, fundus (strictly, the bottom of 
anything): Nereus heaves up the waters 
from their lovest d.s, imo Nereus ciet 
aequora fundo, Virg.: v.BoTToM. Phr.: 
From the very ds, imis vadis, Virg. 

Ill. The quality of deepmess (in 
other physical applications): (a). mea- 
surement from the front: Phr.: 300 
feet in d., trecentos (pedes) in agrum, 
Hor. S. 1, 8, 12: each line was ten men 
in d., singulae acies denos ordines in 
latitudinem habuerunt, Front. 2, 3, 22 
(where Lipsius conjectured in altitudi- 
nem, wrongly: see the place). (0). 
Powness of pitch in sounds: gravitas: 
(Kr.): not to have any d. of voice, 








*graviores voces non assequi; voce exili 
esse. (c). ¢* hue: austeritas: Plin.: or 
(better), exer. by adj.: color satur, 


saturior: V. DEEP. (d). extremity: as 
in Pb: : it was the d. of winter, erat 


summa hiems, Cic.: the d. of silence, 
altum silentium, Sen.: the d. of want, 
*summa rerum inopia: Vv, EXTREMITY. 
(e). of forests: perh. expr. by densissi- 
mus: as, they hid themselves in the ds 
of the forests, *in densissimas silvas se 
abdiderunt; silvarum profunda, Tac. 
VY. Profoundness of mental quali 
ties: alta indoles, Liv.: or perh. alti- 
tudo mentis (altitudo animi, Cic. Off. 1, 
25, 88, is something quite different) : 
cf. Vulg. Rom. xi. 33: O altitudo diviti- 
arum sapientiae et scientiae Dei! (more 
class., O altam illam ac profundam Dei 
sapientiam, ete.!): what d. of learning ! 
*quantae doctrinae! quanta rerum ab- 
strusarum ac reconditarum scientia! d. 
of erudition, intima disciplinae profund- 
itas, Macr. S. S. 7. (Not mentis acies, 
subtilitas, which denote acuteness or 
accuracy, rather than depth of mind.) 
deputation : |. A body of depu- 
ties : ], légatio: Caes.: v. EMBASSY. 
9, legati, Orum: v. DEPUTY, ENVOY. 
3, oOratores, um (spokesmen, men 
who plead a cause): the Veientines send 
a d. to Rome to solicit peace, Veieutes 
pacem petitum Romam oratores mit- 
tunt, Liv. Phr.: ad. was sent to beg, 
etc., missi sunt qui peterent, etc., Liv. 
Il. Act of deputing = 1, légatio: 
Cic. 2. usu. better expr. by verb: 
v. TO DEPUTE. 
depute: 1. 
envoy or ambassador) : Cic. 


légo, 1 (to send as 
2, mand, 


1 (with dat.): v. TO COMMISSION. sh 
démando, 1 (like mando): Liv. 4 
mitto, 3: Vv. TO SEND, DispaTcH. (N.B. 


Not deputo, which is to recikon.) Se 
also, TO DELEGATE, EMPOWER. 
deputy (suls.): 1, proctrator (an 
agent of any kind): to“do anything by 
d., aliquid per p. agere, Cic.: the d. of a 
kungdom (viceroy), regni pr., Caes. 2, 
vicarius: Cic.: Liv.: v. SUBSTITUTE. 
3, légatus (one sent on an embassy 
or commission of any kind): Cic.: 


Sall.: v. commissioner. (N.B. By 
deputy in N. ‘Test. is meant pro-consul: 
q- V.) 


deputy (as adj.): in such phr. as 
d.-governor, d.-collector : expr. by pro- 
curator: v. preced. art. (1). 

derange: 1, turbo, 1: to d. the 
intellect, mentem t., Plin, to d. the 
stomach, alvum t., Plin.: v. TO DISTURB. 

9. conturbo, perturbo, 1 (stronger 

than simple verb): v. TO DISTURB, CON- 
FUSE. 

deranged: |. Ingen. sense: tur- 
balus, conturbatus: see verb. Il. 
Disordered in mind; cui mens alienata 
est, furiosus, insanus: V. CRAZY, INSANE. 

derangement: |. In gen. sense 
(rare): turbatio, perturbatio, confisio : 
V. CONFUSION, DISTURBANCE. Phr.: @ 
d. of stomach, stomachi dissolutio, Plin. : 
d. of family affairs, implicatio rei fami- 
liaris, Cic. Il. Of intellect: mens 
Aliénata, fliror: v. INSANITY. 

dereliction : 1, dérélictio, ré- 
lictio, destititio: Vv. ABANDONMENT. 

9, more usu. expr. by verb: as, to 

be guilty of a d. of duty: officium 
deserere, ab officio discedere; officio 
deesse, Cic. : Vv. TO NEGLECT, ABANDON, 

deride: 1, dérideo, si, sum, 2: 
to d. and despise any one, aliquem d. 
atque contemnere, Cic. (But the word 
is stronger than in Eng., and usu. im- 
plies that the person deriding has an 
advantage enabling him to do so with 
reason.) 9. rideo, irrideo (also with 
acc.) V. TO RIDICULE. 3. illtdo, si, 
sum, 3 (with dav.); v. TO MOCK, LAUGH 


AT. 

derider: 1, dérisor: Plin. 2, 
irrisor: Cic. (Or imperf. part. of verbs 
under DERIDE: L. G. § 638). 

derision: 1, dérisus, ais: Phaedr.: 
Tac. Q, dérisio: Arnob.: Lact. Phr.: 
to be an object of d., caudam trahere, 
Hor.; ludibrio esse,Cic. §, irrisus, ts: 


DERISIVE 





tn d. (to do a thing), ab irrisu, Liv. : 
Caes. 4, irrisio: Cic.: v. MOCKERY, 
RIDICULE. 5, often better expr. by 
imp. part. of verbs under DERIDE: as, 
cries of d., ridentium, irridentium voces, 
clamor: L. G. § 638, Obs. 2. 

derisive : 1, irrisdrius (rare) : 
Mart. Cap. 2, often better expr. by 
part. of verbs under DERIDE: as, d. 
cheers, ridentium acclamatio, clamor : 
v. preced. art. (/in.). 

derisively: ridens, irridens, in agr. 
with subject (cf. L. G. § 343). Liv. has 
ab irrisu (= per irrisum), 7, 10, med. 
Vhr.: to look at (things) d., naso sus- 
pendere adunco, Hor. 

derivation (of words): 1, de- 
clinatio (in the older grammarians in- 
cluding all kinds of formation of one 
word from another): Varr. 2. de- 
rivatio: to be so called by d., per d. 
cognominari, Paul. dig.: Charis By 
brigo, inis, f.: to trace the d. of words, 
origines verborum  scrutari, Varr. : 
Quint. 4, étymodlogia: Quint.: v. 
ETYMOLOGY. 

derivative (adj.): 1, dériva- 
tivus: Prisc. 2. dérivatus: esp. in 
pl. derivatives, derivata, Quint. 

derive: |. To draw from: U 
dico, xi, ctum, 3: to d.a name from 
the Greek, nomen a Graeco d., Quint. : 
Cic.: to d. one’s origin from, originem 
d. ab aliquo, Hor.: Quint. 2, dédiico, 
3: @ custom whence dd, mos unde de- 
ductus, Hor. : to d. one’s origin, originem 
d. ab aliquo, Plin. 8. traho, xi, ctum, 
3: tod. a surname from an insult, cog- 
nomen ex contumelia tr., Cic.: to d. 
one's origin fiom any one, originem ab 
aliquo tr., Plin.: v. TO DRAW. 4. dé- 
rivo, 1: Hor. (not Cic.). Phr.: tod. 
one’s origin from, oriundum esse (with 
abl.), Liv. : comedy d.s it; subjects from 
common life, comoedia ex medio res 
arcessit, Hor.: Cic.: an exordium d.d 
Jrom philosophy, ingressio e philosophia 
repetita, Cic.: manliness has d.d its 
name from men, a viris virtus nomen 
est mutuata, Cic. |]. In grammar: 

1, dérivo, r: Quint. 2. diico, 3: 

v. supr. (1). 3, dico, xi, ctum, 3: 
terra is d.d from tero, terra dicta ab eo 
quod teritur, Varr. 4, facio, 3: Varr.: 
v. TO FoRM. Phr.: the name is d.d 
Jrom the Greek, nomen ex Graeco finxit, 
Quint... Cic. 

derogate : 1, dérégo, 1 (with 
dut.): to d. so much from oneself, sibi 
tantum d., Cic.: with de: to d. from 
the credit of witnesses, de fide testium 


d.,Cic. 2, détraho, 3: v.TO DETRACT 
FROM. 8, imminuo, 3: v. TO DIs- 
PARAGE. 


derogation: imminitio, déminitio: 
V. DETRACTION, Phr.: as far as Ican 
without d. of honour, quod salva fide 
possi, Cic. 

derogatorily: chiefly in such phr. 
as to speale d., obtrectare, detrakere de 
aliqua re: Vv. TO DISPARAGE, DETRACT 
FROM. 

derogatory: 1, indignus (with 
abl. or absol.): it is d. to be vanquished 
by an equal, indignum est a pari vinci, 
Cic.: v. uNwortHy. Q, aliénus (with 
abl. alone or with ab, or gen.) : to regard 
anything as d. to one's dignity, aliquid 
alienum dignitate sua, a dignitate sua, 
dignitatis suae ducere, Cic. 3. in- 
hodnestus: v. DISHONOURABLE. Phr.: 
this course is in no way d.to my dig- 
nity, haec ratio nullam imminutionem 
habet dignitatis meae, based on Cic.: to 
do what is d. to honour and sustice, a 
fide justitiaque discedere, Cic.: to speak 
of any ane in a a. manner, alicui ob- 
trectare, Cic. 

dervise; *modnachus s. anachoréta 
Mahometanus. 

descant (v.): obsol. except in sense 
of to discourse at large upon: perh., 1, 
expono, posui, pdsitum, 3: to d. upon 
JSriendship, sermonem ex, de amicitia, 
Cic. 2. explico, 1: more fully, 
dilatare atque explicare, Cic.: v. 10 
ENLARGE. Phr.: the praises of agri- 
culture are d.'d upon, agricultura copiose 


DESCENT 


laudatur, Cic. (N.B. Decanto always 
implies repetition, harping upon again 


and again.) 
descant: |, A song: cantus, iis: 
V. SONG. I]. Lengthened and elevated 


discourse: *sermo quidam excelsior ac 
paene divinus. [i]. In bad sense; 
tedious discourse: ambages, um, j.: 
Hor. 


descend: |, Lit.: 


1, descendo, 


di, sum, 3: to d. from the heights into | 


the plain, ex superioribus locis in plani- 
tiem d., Caes.: Liv.: to d. from the 
rostra, de rostris d., Cic.: to d. from a 
horse, ex equo d., Liv.: v.10 DISMOUNT : 
to d. from heaven, coelo d., Hor.: a 
coelo, Virg.; e coelo, Juv.: Cic. 2. 
dégrédior, gressus sum, 3: they dared 
not d. to the plain, in aequum d. non 
audebant, ‘l'ac.: Caecina received orders 
to d. the Pennine Alps, C. Penninis 
Alpibus d. jussus, Tac. 8, délabor, 
lapsus sum, 3 (with slow, gliding mo- 
tion): a divine man d?d from heaven, 
de coelo divinus homo delapsus, Cic.: v. 
TO GLIDE DOWN. 4, démitto, misi, 
missum, 3 (with pron. refl.): the greater 
part of the army had d.’d into a large 
valley, se major pars agminis in magnam 
convallem demiserat, Caes, 5, rio, 
rui, riitum, 3 (with violence): the lofty 
sky ds Me rain), r. arduus aether, Virg. 
||. Fig.: to come down, lower one- 
self to: 1, descendo, 3: to d. to the 
trade of a slave-dealer, ad mangonicos 
quaestus d., Suet.: to d. to every kind 
of entreaty, in omnes preces d., Virg. 
(In Cie. the word does not imply humili- 
ation, but voluntary concession.) a 
delabor, 3 (to fall into insensibly: v. 
TO FALL INTO): tod. to a freeduwoman’s 
love, in amorem libertae d., Tac. 3: 
demitto (with pron. refl. or in pass.) : 
to d, to flattery, in adulationem demitti, 
Tac. Phr.: tod. eagerly into servitude, 
ruere in servitium, Tac.: to d. to the 
level of brutes, omnem humanitatem 
exuere, Cic. Ill. Of property; to 
come to in course of inheritance : it 
pervénio, véni, etc., 4: to d. to any one 
by right (of money, etc.), ad quempiam 
p- jure, Cic. 2. vénio, 4: this d.’d to 
me by inheritance, hoc mihi hereditate 
venit, Cic. (also obvenit, Plin.). Phr.: 
O noble custom and training which has 
descended to us from our ancestors ! 
O praeclarum morem disciplinamque, 
quam a majoribus accepimus! Cic. 
IV. To be descended: vy. DESCENDED. 
V. To make a descent upon: v. 
DESCENT. 
descendant: 1. expr. by words 
given under DESCENDED: q. V. DF 
sangilis, inis, m. (poet.): soble d. of 
Anchises and Venus, clarus Anchisae 
Venerisque s., Hor. 8. génus, éris, 
n. (poet.); the d. of Jove (/’erseus), Jovis 
g., Ov.: Virg. 4. progénies, @i, f.: 
Cic.: Tac. : v. OFFSPRING. 5, stirps, 
pis) f..:) Lacy Pihrs-, ‘d-s;uminores, 
posteri, nepotes: V. POSTERITY. 
descended (part. adj.) : 1, ortus 
(ot immediate descent: with abl. alone 
or with ab): d. from ancestors of no 
account, nullis majoribus o., Hor.: d. 
From the Germans (the Belgae), orti a 
Germanis, Caes.: V. DESCENT. : 
Oriundus (of more remote connection : 
constr. as ortus): d. from freemen (gen- 
tlemen), ab ingenuis oriundus, Cie.: d. 
Srom the Etruscans, ex Etruscis oriundi, 
Liv. 3, prognatus: Romulus d. from 
a god, Romulus deo pr., Liv.: d. from 
the Cimbrians and Teutons, ex Cimbris 
Teutonisque pr., Caes.: the Gauls d, 
| from Dis on the father’s side, Galli ab 
Dite patre pr., Caes. 4, 
(poet.): Maecenas, d. from kingly an- 
cestors, M. atavis e. regibus, Hor. 5, 
génératus: d. from the stock of Hercules, 
| Herculis stirpe g., Cic. 6. satus 
(poet.): v. spruNG. Phr.: to be d. 














ab: Vv. ORIGIN 5 TO DERIVE. 
descending (adj.): Phr.: mad. 

scale, *per gradus omnes inferiores. 
descent : |. The act of going 

down: 1, descensus, tis: the d. to 





| A declivity : 


| clivus, déclive: v. 





éditus | 


Jrom, originem ducere, trahere, habere | 
| paene subjectio, Cic.: to give a d. of, 





DESCRIPTION 





Avernus, d. Averni, Virg.: Sall. 3. 
descensio (rare): Plin. 8, lapsus, iis - 
vV. FALL. 4, expr. by verb: during 
the d., *inter descendendum; interea 
dum descenditur: v. TO DESCEND. il. 
1, descensus, is: a st 

d., praeruptus d., Hirt.; Plin. 4 
DECLIVITY, SLOPE. 

II]. Hostile irruption by sea: ex- 
scensio: ad. for the purpose of ravag- 
ing the country, (classis) ex. ad popu- 
landum, Liv.: to make a d., ex. facere, 
Liv. Phr.: to make a d. om Africa, 
in Africam transcendere, transmittere, 
Liv. IV. Origin: 1, drigo, inis, 


| f.: to derive one’s d. from, any one, or. 


ab aliquoducere, Hor. Q, génus, éris, 
n.: of noble d., nobili g. natus, Cic.: 
Hor. 3, progénies: v. LINEAG? 
describe: |. To draw with lines: 
1, describo, psi, ptum, 3: lo d. geo- 
metrical figures in the sand, geometricas 
formas in arena d., Cic.: to d. (the cir- 
cumference of) a circle, circuitionem 
circuli d., Vitr. 2. circumscribo, 3 
(only of circles): to d. a circle iounda 
person with a stick, virgula aliquem c., 
Cic.: Liv.: simly., orbem c., Cic. 
Phr.: the stars d. their circles, sidera 
circulos [orbesque] suos conficiunt, Cic. : 
he d.s a circle with his troops, circum- 
agit sua per vestigia ductos, Sil.: to d.a 
circle round a place with the plough, 
aratrum cireumducere, Cic.: see also 
CIRCLE, Il. Yo give a description of: 
1, descrnibo, 3: a woman such as J 
just now d.d, mulier hujusmodi, qualem 
ego paulo ante descripsi, Cic.: brie/ly to 
d., breviter d., Cic. (More freq. in sense 
of to mark out, define.) 2, scribo, 3 (in 
writing): to d. to any one the form and 
situation of a farm, formam et situm 
agri alicui scribere, Hor.: v. TO WRITE. 
3. dépingo, pinxi, pictum, 3 (as 
with colours, vividly): to d. this fellow's 
life, vitam hujusce d., Cic.: PI. 4. 
expono, pdsui, positum, 3 (to set forth, 
narrate): to d. what took place, ex. 
rem gestam, res quemadmodum gesta 
sit, Cic.: to d. [the form of] what is 
best, ex. formam optimi, Cic. 5, dé- 
signo, t (to mark out): to d. the affec- 
tions, as it were, in outline, affectus 
velut primis lineis d., Quint. 6. ex- 
primo, pressi, pressum, 3 (with ezxact- 
ness): to d. a@ man’s manners in @ 
speech, mores alicujus oratione ex., Cic.: 
this scene Praxiteles chased in silver 
and my friend Archias has d.d in verse, 
hance speciem P. caelavit argento et 
noster expressit Archias versibus, Cic. 
7, déformo, 1 (rare): the character 
I have d.d (or modelled) above, ille 
quem supra deformavi, Cic.: Sen. 8. 
pérago, egi, actum (to detail): to d. ez- 
ploits of peace and war, res pace bel- 
loque gestas p., Liv.: Hor. 9, dé- 
monstro, 1 (to point out clearly): he 
d.s the size and shape of the ships, 
navium modum formamque demonstrat, 
Caes.: to d. in writing, scripto d., 
Quint. 10, narro, énarro, 1. v. To 
RELATE. 1], exséquor, perséquor, 3: 
usu. with verbis: Vv. TO RELATE. 12. 
explico, avi and ui, etc., 1 (to unfold, 
enter into detail): to d. the whole cha- 
racter of another, vitam alterius totam 
ex., Cic.: also with de: to d. (the 


| structure of) catapults, de catapultis 


ex., Vitr. 

describer: scriptor, narrator: v. 
NARRATOR. Or expr. by verbs under Te 
DESCRIBE: as, he ts a good d., *optime 
res quemadmodum gestae sint exponit, 
ob oculos ponit, ete. 

description: 1. descriptio: ad 
of countries, regionum d., Quint.: of a 
banquet, convivil d., Quint. (appy. not 
in Cic. in this sense). 2. expisitio 
(clear setting forth): a d. of incidents, 
ex. rerum gestarum, Quint. 3, nar- 
ratio: v. NARRATION. Phr.: vividd., 
rerum quasi gerantur sub aspectum 


V. TO DESCKIBE~ beyond d., *supra quam 
ut describi, verbis exaequari, enarrarl 
possit: d. of the earth, gedgraphia: v. 
GEOGRAPHY. 

199 


DESCRY 





desery: 1, conspicor, 1 (to get a 
sight of at some distance): who is this 
whom I d. coming hither ? hic quis est 
quem huc advenientem conspicor? PI. : 
Caes. 
SEE, 3. dispicio, 3 (when an object 
ts seen with difficulty, or through inter- 
venting obstacles): Thule too was d.d, 
dispecta est et Thule, ‘I'ac. 4, pro- 
spicio, 3 (to see in the distance): he d.s 
Italy from the top of a wave, Italiam 
summa prospicit ab unda, Virg.: see 
also TO DISCERN. 

desecrate: 1, profano, I: v. To 
PROFANE, Q. exaugiiro, 1 (formally 
to divest of a religious character): to d. 
temples, fana ex., Liv. 3, téméro, 1: 
to d. ancient groves with steel, lucos 
ferro t. vetustos, Ov. 4, polluo, 3: 
Vv. TO POLLUTE. §, vidio, 1: v. TO 
VIOLATE. 

desecration : 1, vidlatio: d. of 
a temple, v. templi, Liv. 2. profana- 
tio (rare): Vv. PROFANATION. 3, ex- 
auguratio: Liv. 

desert (adj.): 1, désertus: cities 
almost d., uibes paene desertae, Cic. 

9, solus: Caes.: Virg.: v. SOLITARY. 
desert (swbs.) : a waste place: if 
solitido, inis, f.: they make a d., they 
coll it peace, s. faciunt, pacem appellant, 
Tac.: the most solitary d., desertissima 
s., Cie. Q, désertiim (Strictly a neut. 
adj.): the ds of Libya, Libyae deserta, 
Virg.: Plin. 8. vastitas: v. DESO- 
LATION. 4, expr. by adj.: vastus, 
sdlus: v. preced. art. 5, érémus, i, 
seen: 

desert (v. é.): 1, déséro, sérui, 
sertum, 3: my friends d.’d me, amici 
deseruerunt me, Cic.: fo d. the army, 
exercitum d., Caes.: v. foll.art. Join: 
deserere ac derelinquere, Cic. Dare 
linquo, dérélinquo, linquo: v. TO FOR- 
SAKE, ABANDON. 3, dimitto, misi, 
missim, 3 (of things or places): they 
had d.'d several towns, complura oppida 
dimiserant, Hirt. 

desert (v. intr.): of soldiers : a. 
déséro, rui, rtum, 3: usu. with signa or 
exercitum, Cic.: Caes.: also, absol.: 
being compelled to jon the army, he d.’d, 
ire in aciem coactus, deseruit, Quint. 

2. trausfigio, figi, figitum, 3 (to 
go over to the other side): many d.’d to 
the Romans, multi ad Romanos trans- 
fugerunt, Liv.: Cic. (jig.). 3, per- 
fugio, 3 (like transfugio): Hirt. 4, 
transeo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (= 2 and 3): 
they were compelled to fight against the 
side to which they had u.’d, coacti sunt 
cum eis pugnare ad quos transierant, 
Nep.: Liv.: v.TOGOOvER. 6, trans- 
grédior, gressus, 3: V.TOGOOVER. 6, 
signa rélinquo: Sall. Phr.: they d.’d 
en masse to Caesar, sublatis signis ad 
Caesarem se contulerunt, Vell. 

desert (subs.): worth: 1, mérit- 
um: jor especial d., pro singulari m., 
Cic.: often pl.: such d., tanta m., Cic. : 
V. SERVICE. Q. dignitas: v. WORTH. 

deserter: ], désertor (esp. one 
who abandons his colours): a d. of 
friends, amicorum d., Cic.: nor was 
there any other hiding-place but Capua 
for d.s, neque aliae latebrae quam Capua 
desertoribus erant, Liv. 2. defector 
(=desertor): Tac. 3. perfiiga, m. 
(one who goes over to the enemy): a d. 
came to Fabricius’ camp, p. venit in 
eastra Fabricii, Cic. 4, transfiiga, 
m. (=pertuga): traitors and d.s they 
hang on trees, proditores et tr. arboribus 
suspendunt, Tac. 

desertion: 
désertio: Liv. 


|. In gen. sense: 1]. 

destitutio: Suet. 

3, dérélictio: v. ABANDONMENT. 

|]. Aalitary: 1, désertio (rare): 
Modest. dig. 9. transfigium: Liv. : 
‘Tac. 8. transitio: d.s to the enemy 
took place, tr. ad hostem fiebant, Liv. : 
Cic. 4, aliénatio (lit. estrangement : 
not of the clandestine desertion of indi- 
vidual soldiers): the disgraceful flight 
and d. of the army, turpis fuga et al. 
exercitus, Caes. 5, deéfectio: v. DE- 
FECTION. 


deserve: 1, méreo, ui, itum, 2: 
200 


2. conspicio, 3: Vv. TO BEHOLD, | 











DESIGN 


or as dep. (the latter usu. in prose): I 
have d.d by my own fault to lose all, 
merui vitio perdere cuncta meo, Ov.: 


| defend my dignity, if I d. tt, dignitatem 


meam, si mereor, tuearis, Cic.: to d. 
well of any one, bene de aliquo mereri, 
Cic. Foll. by subj.: I d.d_to become so, 
merui ut fierem, Plin.: Cic.: nor had 
the Greeks d.d to be plundered, nec 
meruerant Graeci eur diripiantur, Liv. 
(the inf. after mereor is rare and poet.). 

2. comméreo and -or, 2 (rather 
stronger than the simple verb): to have 
once d.d punishment, poenam commeru- 
isse, Ov.: Cic.- he has d.d a character 
Sor diligence and truthfulness, comme- 
ritus est fidem sedulitatis et veritatis, 
Gell. 3. proméreo and -or, 2 (not 
differing sensibly from mereor): you 
have d.d to ask for nothing without 0b- 
taining it, promeruisti ut nequid ores 
quin impetres, Pl.: Ter.: Cic.: what ill, 
Sir, have I d.d, quid mali sum, here, 
promeritus? Pl.: Cic. 4, éméreo and 
-or, 2 (to earn by service): Pl.: Quint. : 
Vv. TO EARN. 5, déméreo and -or, 2 
(more freq. in sense of to lay under an 
obligation): Pl. 6, dignus sum : 
esp. when what is deserved is expr. by 
a verb, when it is usu. foll. by qui: the 
matter d.s long consideration, digna res 
est quam diu consideres, Plin.: he ds 
one day to rule, dignus (est) qui ali- 
quando imperet, Cic.: a work which d.s 
perusal, scriptum lectione dignum, Cic. 
Simly., with indignus, vot to deserve: 
Cic. Phr.: his end d.s to be known, 








cujus exitum nosse operae est pretium, | 
Sen.: which d.s to be praised, blamed, 


rewarded, eic., laudandus, vituperandus, 
donandus, ete. 
deservedly : 1, mérito: we are 
d. punished, m. plectimur, Phaedr.: J 
am d. angry with Metellus, m. sum 
iratus Metello, Cic. Join: recte ac 
merito, Cic. Supert., meritissimo, Cic. 
Q. juré (abl. of jus): he would be d. 
punished, jure in eum animadverteretur, 
Cic. Join: jure ac merito, Cic.: v. 
JUSTLY. 3. expr. by part. of mereor: 
to suffer punishment d., merentem ex- 
pendisse poenas, Virg. (see L. G.§ 343) ; 
also in same constr., meritus, Ov. 
deserving (adj.): |. Absol. = 
well-deserving : 1, mérens, méritus, 
with some detining words: to give prizes 
to the bravest and most d., fortissimo 
cuique et bene merenti praemia tribuere, 
Hirt.: so d. a citizen, ita merens (me- 
ritus) de republica, Cic. fr.: bene merens, 
well-deserving, is very freq. in sepulchral 
inscriptions, also the superl. meritissi- 
mus: @ very d. ally, auxiliaris et diu 
meritus, Tac. 2. bonus, optimus : 
Vv. GOOD, FXCELLENT. Il. Veserving 
of ; foll. by subs. : 1, dignus (with 
abl. or qui and subj.): Vv. TO DESERVE 
(6). 2, méritus (with acc.): d. of 
praise, laudem meritus, Caes.: Plin. 
3. expr. by gerund. part.: Phr.: 
d. of Apollo’s bays, laurea donandus 
Apollinari, Hor.: he appears to some d. 


of pity, to others of ridicule, aliis miser- } 


andus, aliis irridendus videtur, Cic. 

deservingly: optimé, laudato more; 
non sine laude. 

deshabille; perh. amictus negli- 
gentior, Quint. (used by him of care- 
lessness as to the set of the toga in 
speaking: 11, 3, 147): or vestis domes- 
tica, i. e. dress such as worn in private : 
Suet. Vitell. 8. Phr.: in d., discinctus, 
Hor.: speech in d. (fig.) oratio incompta, 
Cic. 

desiccate: désicco, 1: v. TO DRY. 

desiccation: siccatio: v. pryme. 

desiderate; désidéro, indigeo: v. To 
WANT, NEED. 

desideratum: res optabilis; res 
expetenda atque optabilis: v. DEsIR- 
ABLE, NEEDFUL. 

design (.)-: 


|. Vo delineate: 4, 








DESIRE 





SKETCH. 4, pono, posui, pdsitum, 3 
(of artists): to d. the figure of a man, 
a god, hominem, deum p., Hor. Od. 4, 
8, 8: to d. the figure of Venus (of 
Apelles), Venerem p., Ov. A. A. 3, 401. 
See also TC DRAW. DEPICT. |], Zo 
have in one’s mind, purpose: agito, in 
animo est (mihi), cOgito: v. TO PUR- 
POSE, INTEND. 
design (subs.): |. A representa- 
tion in outline: 1. descriptio: Cic. 
9. lineamentum (pl.): v. OUTLINE, 
fl. Zhe plan of anything as con- 
ceived by the mind: 1, descriptio : 
the d. of the universe, rerum d., Cic, 
9, désignatio: a d. for building, 
d. aedificandi, Cic. Phr.: the d. of the 
picture is good, *belle pictor rem posuit : 
v. TO DESIGN (I., 4): to exceed my ort- 
ginal d., formam propositi operis ex- 
cedere, Vell. I. Purpose : 1. 
consilium: a d. 7s a well-considered plan 
of doing or not doing something, c. est 
aliquid faciendi aut non facietdi excogi- 
tata ratio, Cic.: to form a d., consilium 
inire, Caes.; capere, Cic. 2. insti- 
tiitum (an arranged scheme): in pursu- 
ance of his d., instituto suo, Caes.: Cic. : 
V. PURPOSE, PLAN. 3, inceptum (that 
uhich is actually begun): v. UNDER- 
TAKING. 4, propdsitum: v. PURPOSE. 
5. destinatio (a jized d.): Plin. 
6, destinatum (like destinatio) : Tac. 
Phr.: to nourish d.s against the state, 
*contra rempublicam sentiie. 
designate: |. To mark out: de- 
signo, noto, déndto, 1: V. TO MARK OUT, 
SINGLE OUT. |. To elect : désigno, 1; 
v. TO ELECT. Ill. Zo name: appello, 
nomino, dico: Vv, TO CALL, DENOTE.  . 
designation : |. Appointment : 
désignatio: d. to the consulship, d. con+ 
sulatus, Tac.: v. APPOINTMENT, ELEC- 
TION. |], Name: vocabilum, nomen: 
V. NAME, TITLE, APPELLATION. : 
Fe designed (adj.): quod de industria 
t. 


designedly: 1, consulto (not con- 
sulte in this sense): d. and deliberately, 
c. et cogitate, Cic.: Liv. (opp. to im- 
prudens, inscitia). 9, cogitaté: Cic. 
(vy. supr.) 3, de or ex industria (by 
set purpose: stronger than the preced- 
ing): injuries done d., for the purpose 
of injuring, injuriae quae nocendi causa 
de industria feruntur, Cic.; ex ind., 
Liv.; also simply industria, Plin. 4. 
dédita Opéra (—de industria): Ter. : 
Cic. 5, pridens, ntis (see L.G. § 343): 
whom I d. pass by, quos prudens prae- 
tereo, Hor. So, not d. may be expr. by 
imprudens: v. UNINTENTIONALLY. 
designer : |. A contriver, plan- 
ner : 1, inventor (only when the 
thing designed is mew): v. INVENTOR. 
Q. fabricator: d. of the stratagem: 
doli f., Virg.: Vv. FRAMER, MAKER. ‘ 
désignator (who plans as an architect) : 
Inser. 4, architectus: v. ARCHITECT. 
I]. One uho concerts a scheme : 
1, molitor: Suet. 9. machina- 
tor: Tac.: v. SCHEMER, CONTRIVER. 
II]. One who constructs designs for 
patterns, etc.: perh. *designator operum 
pictorum. 
designing: callidus (often in good 


sense), astutus, dél0sus: v. SLY, DE= 
CEITFUL. 
desirable: 1. optabilis, e: for 


me peace was especially d., mihi pax im- 
primis fuit op., Cic. Join: expetenda 
atque optabilia, Cic. Q. désidérabilis, 
e (rare): Cic.: Liv. 3. expr. by ger. 
pait. of cupio, expeto, opto: what is 
more d., quid vehementius est optandum, 
etc.: Vv. TO DESIRE. 
desirability 
desirableness 


expr. by adj. under 
DESIRABLE: there 


| can be no doubt of the d.of such an 


désigno, 1: to d. the plan of the uni- | 


verse, descriptionem rerum d., Cic.: he 
d.s the figure of Europa, designat Eu- 
ropam, Ov.: v. TO MARK OUT. 9. 
describo, 3}: V. TO DELINEATE. 3, de- 
lineo, 1 (to draw in lines): Plin.: v. To 


event, *dubitari non potest quin magno- 
pere cupere debeamus ut ita fieret. 
desire (subs.): |, A longing: 1, 
désidérium (a sense of loss or deficiency) : 
d. is a longing to see one who ts not yet 
present, d. est libido ejus qui nondum 
adsit videndi, Cic. 2. cipiditas (in 
good as well as bad sense: the usu. 
word in Cic.): an insatiable d of eeing 


es 


DESIRE 


DESPAIRING 


DESPERATELY 





truth, insatiabilis quaedam c. veri Vi- | 


dendi, Cic.: to feel a very strong d., in- 
credibili c. ardere,Cic.: v. PASSION. 3, 
ciipido, inis, f., in Hor. m. (= cupidi- 
tas, but not in Cic. except poet.): a d. 
of founding a city took possession of 
Romulus, Romulum c. cepit urbis con- 
dendae, Liv.: d. for glory, c. gloriae, 
Sall. 4. appétitio (a neutral word, 
used by Cic. in philosophical sense) : 
natural d. and aversion, ap. et declina- 
tio naturalis, Cic.: d. of what ts another's, 
alieni ap.,Cic. §, appétitus, Us: v.AP- 
PETITE. 6, appétentia (= appetitio) : 
d, of food, ap cibi, Plin. 7, amor, 
Oris, m. (a passionate d.): a (strong) 
d. for praise, laudum a., Cic.: ad. for 
war, belli a. Virg.: v. LOVE. 8, sti- 
dium (am eayer d.): the d. of discover- 
ing truth, st. veri reperiendi, Cic.: v. 
DEVOTION, ZEAL. . aviditas: v. 
EAGERNESS, 10. libido (usu. of bad 
d.): v. Loncinc. Phr.: to feel a d., 
cupére, avére, etc. (see verb): J d., 
mihi est in animo, mihi animus fert (v. 
TO PROPOSE, INTEND): to satisfy any 
one’s d., animum explere (alicui), Cic. : 
according to (any one’s) d., ex sententia, 
Cic.: Ter.: to be inspired with a d. for 
revenge, ad ulciscendum ardere, Sall. 
I]. Sexual d.: 1, désidérium : 
the cup of d. (i.e. the love-philtre), desi- 
deri poculum, Hor. 9, libido, inis, 
fas” Ne ° LUST. 8. cipiditas: Plin. 
4, ardor, Gris, m.: to cloak over d. 
(passion), dissimulare a., Tib. 5. 
Vénus, éris, f.: an application of the 
root will repress d., illita radix inhibebit 
Venerem, Plin.: Virg.: v. LOVE, LUST. 
Wh. The thing d.d or requested : 
1, votum: fo fuljil any one’s d., Vv. 
alicujus implere, Curt.: Ov. 2. op- 
tatum (chiefly in pl.) : v. WISH. 
desire (v.): |. Tolong for: 1, 
cuplo, ivi and ii, itum, 3 (the most gen. 
term): the move thow hast gotten, the 
more thou dst, quanto plura parasti, 
tanto plura cupis, Hor.: I d. to die, 
emori c., Ter.: whoso ds or fears, qui 
c. aut metuit, Hor.: wed. you to enjoy 
your virtue, te tua frui virtute cupimus, 
Cic. (the subj. after cupio is rare and not 
to be imitated). 2, perctipio, 3 (in- 
tens. of cupio): PL: Ter. , con- 
ciipisco, 3 (to d. covetously, excessively : 
vy. TO COvET): I d. nothing for myself, 
nihil mihi c., Cic.: tod. after pictures, 
tabulas c., Cic.: to d. to adorn the 
world, mundum ornare c., Cic. 4. 
désidéro, 1 (to feel something to be lack- 
ing): to thirst for honours, to d. glory, 


-sitire honores, d. gloriam, Cic. 5! 


opto, I: ¥. TO WISH FOR. 6, exopto, 
1 (intens. of opto): Cic. 7. expéto, 
ivi or ii, itum, 3 (to seek after: with 
acc.), to d. eagerly Plautus’ plays, stu- 
diose ex. Plautinas fabulas, Pl.: to d. 
Jor death, mortem ex., Cic.: also foll. 
by imfin., Ver. 8. appéto, etc. 3 
(sim. to expeto, but less strong): to 
eagerly d. another’s lands, alienos agros 
cupide ap , Cic. 9, gestio, ivi and ii, 
4 (when desire is expressed in gesture ; 
hence to d. eagerly): I d. greatly to 
lenow all, gestio scire omnia, Cic.: Hor.: 
v. TO LONG. 10, ‘veo, avére (with 
inf.): v.TO LONG. Phr.: tod. greatly, 
flagrare, ardere studio, cupiditate : v. To 
BURN (intr.). |]. Zo ask for: af 
opto, 1: d. from me any gift and re- 
ward you please, quodvis donum et 
praemium a me optato, Ter.: foll. by 
ut and subj., Cic. 2. volo, volui, 
velle: what is it that you d. of me? 
quid est quod me velis? ‘Ver. St 
peto, 3: V. TO ASK, BEG. 
desirous: 1, ciipidus (general 
term): d. of hearing you, te audiendi 
c., Cic.: d. of death, c. mortis, Hor. 
2, ciipiens, ntis (not in Cic.): d. 
Jor the wedding, nuptiarum c., Ter. 
8, stiidiosus (bent on, zealous of): 
d. of pleasing, placendi st., Ov.: v. 
FOND, EAGER 4, amans, ntis (poet.) : 
d. of blood, cruorisa.,Ov. 5, appétens, 
ntis (including all degrees of desire): 
most d. of honour, honestatis appeten- 
tissimus, Cic. 6, avidus: v. EAGER. 





desist: 1. 
3 (with inf.; abl. alone or with prep. ; 
or absol.): not to d. from exhorting, 
hortari non d., Cic.: tod. from a pur- 
pose, incepto d., Liv. : Cic.: tod. from 
a struggle, de contentione d., Nep.: / 
will not d. without, ete., non desistam 
quin, ete., Cic.: to d. from (holding or 
expressing) an opinion, a sententia d., 


Cic. 9. absisto, stiti, 3 (Same constr.) : 
to d. from war, bello ab., Liv.: to d. 
Srom pursuit, ab. sequendo, Liv. 3 


désino, 3}: Vv. TO CEASE. 4, abscédo, 
cessi, cessum, 3 (with abl. only): to d. 
Jrom a purpose, incepto abs., Liv. 
desk: 1, scrinium (for writing): 
a writing-d. and letters, s. cum literis, 
Sall.: sometimes pl.: wakeful I call 
Jor paper, pen and d., vigil calamum et 
chartas et scripia posco, Hor. 2: 
capsa (not strictly a desk, but a box for 
holding books): Hor.: v. Dict. Ant. p. 
238. 3. pulpitum (for reading or 
spealcing) : Suet.: Hor. 4, (?) mensa 
(for purposes of business): Vv. BENCH, 
COUNTER. 
desolate (ad.): J, Of places, 
naturally unoccuied or ravaged : 5 
vastus: ad. kind of country, v. genus 
agrorum, Cic. Join: vastus ac de- 
sertus, Cic.; vastus ab natura et hu- 
mano cultu, Sall. 2, solus: in the 
d. soil of Libya, Libyae solis in agris, 
Virg.: v. SOLITARY. 8, désdlatus : 
temples almost d., templa prope d., Plin. 
4, désertus: v. DESERT (adj.). 
Phr.: to render a country d., vastare 
(Vv. TO DEVASTATE), vastitatem efficere, 
Cic. ; reddere, Liv.: to lie d. (of lands), 
vacare, Caes. ||. Of persons ; afflicted, 
bereaved : 1, orbus: v. BEREFT. 
2. désdlatus: Stat. 8. afflictus, 
prostrate, depressed by some heavy blow: 
Vv. DISTRESSED. 4, sodlus: v. So- 
LITARY. 
desolate (v.): 1, vasto, dévasto, 
I: V. TO DEVASTATE. 2, désolo, 1: 
Col.: Stat. 3. populor, 1: v. TO 
RAVAGE, WASTE (lay). 4. vastitatem 
efficio, reddo: see verb (I, fin.). 
desolateness: |, Ofplaces: 1. 
vastitas: v. foll. art. 2, vastitudo 
(rare): Cato. 3. expr. by adj.: as, 
wars and the d. of the country prevented 
intercourse, *bella et vastum desertum- 
que solum commercia prohibebant: see 
L. G. § 621, 2. I], Of persons : 1, 
orbitas : Vv. BEREAVEMENT. soli- 
tido: v. SOLITUDE. 
desolation : |. As act or process : 
], vastatio: v. DEVASTATION. 2. 
vastitas: Liv. 8, solitido: Liv.: v. 
SOLITUDE, DESERT. I]. As state: v. 
preced. art. 
despair (swbs.): despératio: to fall 
into the extremity of d.,ad summam d. 
pervenire, Cic.: to reduce any one to d., 
aliquem add. adducere, Cic.; redigere, 
Suet: utter d., ultima d., Tac.: also 
rerum may be added, to make the idea 
more complete: L. G. § 595. Phr.: 
in d. of life, in extrema spe salutis, 
Caes.: in d. of life, exspes vitae, ‘Tac. 
despair (v.): 1. despéro, r (foll. 
by abl. with de or alone; also by the 
acc. of that which is not hoped for, as, 
desperare salutem; by dat. of person 
on whose behalf hope is given up; by 
acc. and inf.): tod. of the state, de re- 
publica d., Cic.: to d. of one’s fortunes, 
suis fortunis d., Cic.: to d. of oneself, 
sibi d., Cic.: he d.s of being able to en- 
jey, desperat posse frni, Ov.: Cic.: 7 do 
not yet d. of Marcellinus, Marcellinum 
nondum d., Sen.: Cic.: also absol.: to 
have some hope of (winning) the tribune 
of the plebs, to have d.’d of the senate, 
spem habere a tribuno plebis, a senatu 
desperasse, Cic.: impers.: ’tis base to d., 
turpiter desperatur, Quint. 2. spem 
abjicio, perdo (foll. by gen.): Cic. 
Phr.: Ido not altogether d., nor do I 
greatly hope, nec nulla spes (est), nec 
magna, Cic.: J do not d., (res) in spe 
est, Cic. ‘ 
despairing (adj.): 1, exspes 
(nom. only): Vv. HOPELESS, 2. de- 
spérans (in some constr.): d. cries, de- 


désisto, stiti, stitum, | 





sperantium clamor, querelae: v. L. @ 
§ 638, Obs. 2. 

despairingly : 1, despéranter: 
Cic. 9, despérans (in agr. with sub- 


| ject: v. L. G. 9 343): to weep d., *despe- 


rantem plorare. 3. ut in summam 
(ultimam) desperationem adductus: y, 
DESPAIR. 
despatch : _ |, To send: j & 
mitto, misi, missum, 3: v. TO SEND. 
2. dimitto, misi, missum, 3 (in 
diff. directions): to d. letters through 
out the provinces, literas per omnes 
provincias d., Caes.: Cic.: Liv. 3: 
légo, 1 (to send ambassadors): ¥. To 
DEPUTE. I]. To finish: 1, ab- 
solvo, solvi, sdlitum, 3: to d. a great 
deal in a few (words), multa paucis ab., 
Sall.: v. TO FINISH. 2. conficio, per- 
ficio: v. TO ACCOMPLISH, COMPLETE. 
3, transigo, 3: v.TO SETTLE. [I]. 
To kill: 1, conficio, 3: that dagger 
nearly d.'d me, me sica illa paene cons 
fecit, Cic.: Suet. Q. interficio, 3: v. 
TO KILL, DEATH, PUT TO. 
despatch: |. The act of send- 
ing: 1, missio: Cic. 2. dimissio 
(in diff. directions): Cic. 3. expr. 
by part.: after the d. of the letter, post 
literas tabellario datas: vy. TO DISPATCH. 
I]. Zhe act of finishing: 1, ex- 
sécitio: the d. of business, instituti 
operis ex., Plin.: ‘Tac. 2. confectio: 
Cic.: Vv. COMPLETION. 3. usu. better 
expr. by verb: skilled in the d. of busi- 
ness, rerum gerendarum peritus ; prompt 
in the d. of business, in rebus gerendis 
promptus, Nep.: v. TO DESPATEH. I], 
Hasty execution : 1, matiritas: t 
beg for d. of punishment, poenae m. prec- 
ari, Suet. 2. expr. by matiro, 1 
(to used.): he thought he ought to use 
d., maturandum ratus est, Liv. Pbhr.: 
there is need of d., mature facto opus 
est, Sall. See also spEED, HASTE. {[Y, 
An official letter : 1, litérae, arum, 
Caes.: Tac.: Vv. LETTER. 2. épistdla 
(like the former applicable to any 
letter): Suet.: Tac. 8, mandatum : 
d.s of the emperors (to governors, etc.), 
m. Principum, Front. 4, rescriptum 
(an imperial d. written in answer toa 
consultation): Plin. Ep. 
despatch-box : scrinium, capsa 
DESK, 
desperado: 1, homo despératus . 
Cic. in Cat. 2, 5, 10. 2, homo cui 
neque res neque spes bona ulla, Sall. 
Cat. 21. 8. perditus civis: Cic..: 
Sall. 4, parricida (strictly a parri- 
cide; but applied to murderers in ge- 
neral): Cic.: Sall. 5, promptae au- 
daciae (homo): Sall. 6, latro, sica- 
Trius: V. ROBBER, MURDERER. Phr.: 
bands of profligates and ds, omnium 
flagitiorum atque facinorum catervae, 
Sall.: the temper of a d., animus sceles 
ribus paratus, Tac. 
desperate: |. Hopeless: L. 
despeératus: d. circumstances, res d., Cic.: 
the present state of affairs ts still more 
d., haec nunc multo desperatiora, Cic. 
9, extrémus (in certain phr.): 
in their d. case, in extremis rebus suis, 
Caes.: to have recourse to d. measures, 
ad extrema descendere, Pollio ap. Cic. : 
how often have we been brought into d. 
peril, quoties in extrema periculorum 
ventum est? Liv. 8, ultimus (like 
extremus): to try d. measures, experiri 
ultima, Liv.; in ultimum consilium se 
mittere, Sen. Phr.: but if my case is 
d., sin plane perii, Cic. [|]. Deriving 
courage from despair: *qui ex despe- 
ratione vires sumit; desperatione ac- 
census (cf. Liv. 31, 17): cui vires addit 
desperatio. Ill. Very dangerous : dis 
criminis plenus; periculosus ; teme 
rarius ; V. RASH, HAZARDOUS: and comp. 
supr. 1 ( fin.) 
desperately: |, Toa degree for- 
bidding hope: *ita ut spes amittatur, 
perdatur (desperaté only in Aug.). — [f, 
With the courage of despair; with ex- 
treme courage: pertinacissimé, fortis- 
simé: or more precisely, *ut quibus 
ipsa desperatio animum addit. iit, 
Vehemently, very greatly: Phr.: to 
wr 


DESPERATION 





d. in love, perdite amare, Ter.; simly., 
misere amare, deperire, Pl.: d. angry, 
iratissimus: v. ANGRY, etc. 

desperation: desperatio: Apul.: 
v. DESPAIR. Phr.: she loves to d., 
amore haec perdita est, Pl.: v. DES- 
PERATELY. 


despicable: 1, aspernabilis, e: 
Gell. 9, contemptus: v. CONTEMPTI- 
BLE. 3, despicabilis, e: Amm 


despise: 1. despicio, spexi, spec- 
tum, 3 (to look down upon, hold cheap) : 
to d. the senatorian order, senatorium 
ordinem d., Cic. Join: despicere et 
pro nihilo putare, Cic.; despicere atque 
contemnere, Cic. 9, sperno, sprévi, 
spretum, 3 (much stronger): v. TO 
SCORN. Join: spernere et pro nihilo 
putare, Cic. 3, aspernor, t (to hold 
unworthy, reject with contempt): to d. 
any one from the heart, aliquem animo 
a., Cic.: V. TO REJECT. 4, contemno, 
tempsi, temptum, 3 (usu. with reference 
to that which might appear likely to 
call forth the opposite feeling): to d. 
Hannibal, Hannibalem c., Cic.: to d. 
riches, opes c., Virg. Join: irridere 
atque contemnere; contemnere aique 
rejicere, Cic. 5, temno, 3 (rare and 
poet.): Virg. 6. despicatui, con- 
temptui habeo (=despicio, contemno) : 
vy. CONTEMPT. Other equiv. pbr. are: 
parvi pendére; flocci, pili, nibili facere, 
etc.: v. TO HOLD (cheap): to be dd, 
jacére, Cic.: Ov. 

despised: sprétus, contemptus, de- 
spicatus, himilis, jacens : v. TO DESPISE, 


CONTEMPTIBLE. 

despiser: 1, contemptor (fem. 
contemptrix, Pl): d. of riches, diviti- 
arum c., Liv.: ‘Tac. 2. spretor 


(scorner): Ov. 3, aspernator, Tert. 
N.B. For syn. see TO DESPISE. 

despite : malitia, malignitas: v. 
MALICE. Phr.: to do d. to any one, 
+infense se gerere erga aliquem ; alicui 
infense adversari; contumelias facere: 
in d. of gods and men, diis hominibus- 
que invitis, Cic.: v. SPITE OF, IN. 

despitefully ; infense, conttméli- 
Ose ; V. INSULTINGLY, HOSTILELY. Phr.: 
to treat d., injuriose tractare aliquem ; 
injurias contumeliasque imponere alicui, 
Cic.: v. TO INJURE, ABUSE. 

despoil: ], spolio, 1 (with ace. 
and abl.) : v. TO ROB. 2. despolio, 1: 
to d. the temple of Diana, Dianae tem- 
plum d., Cic. 3, exspdlio, 1: to d. 
Pompey of his army and province, ex- 
ercitu et provincia l’ompeium ex., Cic,: 
Caes. 4, exuo, v. TO sTRIP. See also 
TO PILLAGE, PLUNDER. 

despoiler: spoliator, praedator, etc. : 
Vv. PLUNDERER, SPOILER. 

despoliation : spoliatio: v. spoLta- 
TION. 

despond: 1, despondeo, spondi 
and spopondi, sponsum, 2 (usu. with 
animum) :; animum despondere, Liv. 
(also despondere alone, Col.). Q. expr. 
by animus with various verbs: animum 
demittere, Cic.; abjicere, Quint. ; animo 
(animis) cadere, Cic.: v. TO DISCOURAGE. 

despendency: animi infractio, de- 
missio, abjectio; animus jacens, demis- 
sus, infractus: Cic. Phr.: to yield to 
d., animum despondere, Liv.: v. D1s- 
COURAGEMENT. 

desponding (adj.): abjectus, de- 
missus, jacens (with animus): v. SPIRIT- 
Less. Phr.: we ought not thus to yield 
to ad. temper, *non ita animis cadere 
debemus. 

despondingly: 1, abjecté: Cic. 

animo demisso, infracto, etc.: 

Vv. DESPONDING. Phr.: he spoke d., *ita 
locutus est ut qui animum desponderet : 
vy. TO DESPOND. 

despot: 1, dOminus: a d. is 
what the Greeks call a tyrant, hic est 
d. populi, quem Graeci tyrannum vocant, 
Cic. 9, rex, régis: a people that is 
under a a. lacks freedom, deest populo 
qui sub rege est libertas, Cic. (But in 
the same connexion, it is mentioned that 
there was such a thing as limited ino- 
narchy: de Rep. 2, 24.) 3, tyran- 
wus: V. supr.; and TYRANT. 4. 

202 





DESTITUTE 





expr. by circuml.: *cujus voluntas pro 
legibus est. 

despotic : 1. tyrannicus: v. 
TYRANNICAL. 2, régius: v. KINGLY ; 
and comp. preced. art. 3, stiperbus 
(as when epith. of the last king of 
Rome): Vv. OVERBEARING, HAUGHTY. 
Phr.: d. government, regnum, regale 
genus reipublicae: v. DESPOTISM. 

despotically: _ 1. tyrannice: v. 


TYRANNICALLY. 9, stiperbé: v. AR- 
ROGANTLY, OVERBEARINGLY. 4 
despotism: 1. dominatus, ts; 


déminatio: Cic.: comp. pEspoT (1.). 
9. regnum (for the ancient mon- 
archies were mostiy despotic): v. MON- 


ARCHY. 3. regia potestas, regale 
imperium : v. DESPOT (2). 
dessert: 1, bellaria, drum: PIL.: 


Suet. 9, sécunda mensa: I wrote 
this to you at d., haec ad te scripsi ap- 
posita secunda m., Cic. 

destination: propositum, destina- 
tio: V. DESIGN, PURPOSE. Phr.: the d. 
of long pilgrimages, longarum meta 
viarum, Virg. (v. GOAL): very fem ships 
reached their d., perpaucae naves locum 
ceperunt, Caes.: had we been able to 
reach our d., si potuissemus, quo con- 
tendimus, pervenire, Cic.: we have all 
the same d., omnes eodem cogimur, 
Hor.: v. DESTINY. 

destine: 1, destino, 1: bottles 
d.d jor thee, cadi tibi destinati, Hor.: he 
d.sme for the altar, me destinat arae, 
Virg.: Cic.: v. TO APPOINT. 9. de- 
signo, I: v. TO MARK OUT. 3, prae- 
stituo, 3: v. TO FOREORDAIN. Phr.: 
we are d.d to die, debemur morti, Hor. : 
see also foll. art. 

destined (part. adj.) : 1, fatalis, 
e (appointed by fate): a year d. to the 
destruction of the city, annus f. ad in- 
teritum urbis, Cic.: the d. mouth of a 
river, f. fluminis ora, Ov. 9. débitus 
(due, allotted): the Fates had fulfilled 
the d. periods, tempora Parcae d. com- 
plerant, Virg. 3, natus (made by 
nature for a certain end; foll. by acc. 
with ad, or dat.): nations d. to be slaves, 
nationes n. servituti, Cic.: d. for these 
times, n. ad haec tempora, Cic.: also 
with in: cups d. for the service of mirth, 
n. in usum laetitiae seyphi, Hor. 

destiny : 1, fatum; often in 
pl.: Vv. FATE. Q. sors, sortis, f.: ig- 
norant of d., ignarus fati sortisque fu- 
turae, Virg.: Vv. LOT. 3, Parca (d. 
personified): Hor. 

destitute: 1. inops, opis (with 
gen. or abl.): d. of refinement, humani- 
tatis in., Cic.: not d.of words, non verbis 
in., Cic.: also with ab: d. both in respect 
of friends and of character, et ab amicis 
et ab existimatione in., Cic.: absol.: to 
comfort tne d., inopes solari, Virg. 2). 
égens, ntis (a term of reproach): no- 
thing could, be more d. than the condition 
of the king, nihil egentius rege, Cic. : 
slaves and d. persons, servi et egentes, 
Cic.: d. of everything, e. omnibus re- 
bus, Cic.: an utterly d. rake, ganeo 
egentissimus, Cic. 8, destitutus : 
i. e. deprived of (with abl.): v. TO DE- 
PRIVE. 4, inanis, e (empty, void): no 
letter d. of some useful fact, nulla epis- 
tola in. aliqua re utili, Cic.: a body d. 
of breath, corpus animae inane, Ov. 

5, expers, rtis (without any share 

im: usu. with gen.; also abl.). a man 
d. of all learning, vir omnis emditionis 
ex., Cic.: d. of property, fortunis ex., 
Sall. 6. niadus (chiefly poet.) : d. old 
age, n. senecta, Ov.: Cic.: d. of money, 
n. nummis, Hor.: a death d. of fame, 
mors famae nuda, Sil.: d. of relatives, 


n. a propinquis, Cic. 7. orbus: v. 
BEREFT. 8. viduus (poet.: lit. 
widowed): lakes d. of Phoebus’ light, 


lacus v. a lumine Phoebi, Virg.: a bosom 
d. of love, v. pectus amoris, Ov. 9, 
truncus (lacking a part which seems to 
have been cut off): frogs d. of Jeet, 
ranae pedibus tr., Ov.: also with gen.: 
Virg. Phr.: a man d. of logic, homo 
a dialecticis remotus, Cic.: to be d., 
egére, with gen. or abl. (v. TO WANT, 
LACK): was he d.? nay he was rich, 





DESTROYER 





egebat? immo locuples erat, Cic.: nor 
are you in any way d., nec quicquam 
eges, Pl.: to be d. of sensati.n and life, 
sensu et vita carere, Cic.: v. WITHOUT? 
(To BE): d. condition, egestas, Cic. 
destitution: 1, égestas (a con- 
dition involving disgrace ; as in the case 
of one who has wasted his substance) : 
that poverty, or rather d. and beggary, 
ista paupertas vel potius e. ac mendi- 
citas, Cic.: to live in d., vitam degere 
in e., Cic. 2. indpia (any want or 
scarcity): d.on the part of the Rhodians, 
Rhodiorum in., Cic.: to sink into shame- 
ful d., ad pudendam in. delabi, T'ac.: to 
bring any one to d., in. alicni facere (af- 
ferre), Tac.: v.wanT. 3, mendicitas: 
Vv. BEGGARY,. 4, sodlitudo (of those 
who are left without any helper or sup- 


porter): Cic. (N.B. Not destitutio, 
which is disappointment, abandon- 
ment.) 

destroy: 1, perdo, didi, ditum, 3 


(to ruin in any way): to d. crops (of 
the atmosphere), p. fruges, Cic.: utterly 
to d. the state, civitatem penitus p., Cic. : 
v. TO RUIN. 2. Everto, ti, sum, 3 
(strictly to overturn): completely to d. 
(or overturn) states, civitates funditus 
e., Cic.: Scipio d.’d Carthage, Scipio 
Carthaginem evertit, Cic.: utlerly to d. 
virtue, virtutem penitus e., Cic. Bh 
destruo, xi, ctum, 3 (to demolish a 
structure): to d. a ship, a building, 
navem, aedificium d., Cic. Join: de- 
struere ac demoliri, Liv.: v. TO DE- 
MOLISH. 4, périmo, émi, emptum, ; 
(to d. completely): Troy was dd, Troja 
perempta est, Virg.: sensation being 
utterly d.’d, sensu perempto, Cic. 5. 
intérimo, 3 (esp. to d. life): to d. life, 
vitam int., Pl.: to d. oneself, se int., 
Auct. B. Afr.: v. SUICIDE (TO COMMIT). 
6. déleo, évi, étum, 2 (strictly to 
blot out: hence esp. of total destruction 
of cities, ete.): Jove has often d.'d 
cities, Jupiter saepe urbes delevit, Cic. : 
Carthage must be d.’d, delenda est Car- 
thago, Cato: the enemy being dispersed 
and almost d.’d, hostibus dispersis ac 
paene deletis, Caes.: to d. (a nation) 
almost to extermination, d. prope ad 
internecionem, Liv. 7, exstinguo, nxi, 
netum, 3 (strictly to extinguish: hence 
quite to destroy): the nobility dd many 
people, nobilitas multos mortales ex- 
stinxit, Sall.: Cic.: to d. the odour of 
garlic, odorem allii ex., Plin. 8, cor- 
rumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3 (strictly, to spoil 
completely): they d. themselves and the 
house with fire, domum et semet igni 
corrumpunt, Sall.: ‘Tac. 9, consimo, 
mpsi, mptum, 3 (to use up completely) : 
to d. one’s patrimony by extravagance, 
patrimonium per luxuriam c., Cic.: to 
d. houses by jive, aedes incendio c., Liv. : 
Vv. TO CONSUME. 10, tollo, sustili, 
sublatum, 3 (to make away with): our 
ancestors utterly dd Carthage and 
Numantia, majores nostri Carthaginem 
et Numantiam funditus sustulerunt, 
Cic.: Hor.: tod. any one with the sword, 
aliquem ferro t., Cic. 11, exscindo, 
scidi, scissum, 3 (to vend to pieces: hence 
tod. utterly): to d. Pergamus, Pergema 
ex., Virg.: Tac. 12. disturbo, dis- 
jicio (violently to disarrange and brealc 
up): V. TO DEMOLISH. 13. pessumdo 
(as one word or two), dédi, datum, 1, 
irr. (to d. utterly): to d. the state, rem- 
publicam p., Sall. 14, in pass.: 

péreo, intéreo, 4, 177.: V. TO PERISH. 

destroy oneself: v. suicipr. 

destroyer: 1, éversor: the d. of 
Cai thage, Carthaginis e., Quint. 2: 
exstinctor : the d. of his country, patriae 
ex., Cic. 3, confector: fire the d. 
and consumer of all things, ¢. et con- 
sumptor omnium ignis, Cic.: d. of wild 
beasts, ferarum c., Suet. 4, perditor : 
the d. of the republic, reipublicae p., 
Cic. 5, péremptor: d. of an illus- 
trious king, inclyti regis p., Sen.: 
Apul.: fem. peremptrix, Tert. 6. 
intéremptor: d. of his master, int. heri 
sui, Sen.: Val. Max. : fem. interemptrix, 
Lact.: Tert. 7, occisor: v. SLAYER 
8, subversor: v. OVERTURNER. 9 


DESTROYING 


DETAIL 





délétor: but the fem. deletrix only 
occurs: Cic. (For syn. see verb.) 0. 
by meton., pernicies, éi: Verres the d. 
of Sicily, Verres Siciliae pernicies, Cic. : 
Ter. 11, pestis: Vv. SCOURGE, PLAGUE. 

destroying (a4j.): v. DESTRUCTIVE. 

destructibility: fragilitas:  v. 
FRAILTY. Phr.: the Epicureans believe 
in the d. of all things, *Epicurei omnia 
interire putant. 


destructible : 1, destructibilis 
or destructilis: Lact.: Prud. 2. cor- 
ruptibilis, e: Lact. 8, usu. better 


expr. by verb: to be d., excidium pati, 
interire, corrumpi: Vv. TO DESTROY. 

destruction: 1. pernicies, ei: to 
rush upon evident d., in apertam p. 
incurrere, Cic.: to be bent on any one’s 
d., in p. alicujus incumbere, Cic. : comp. 
DESTROYER (11). 92. éversio (strictly 
overturning): the d. of temples, tem- 
plorum e., Quint.: Cic.: d. of dignity, 
dignitatis e., Plin.: Cic. §, excidium: 
the d. of legions, legionum ex., Tac.: 
Hor.: Virg. (Eversio denotes the act 
of destroying; excidium the destruction 
as an event.) 4, exitium (sim. to 
excidium): they brood over the d. of this 
city, de hujus urbis ex. cogitant, Cic.: 
nature admits not of the d. of anything, 
nullius exitium patitur natura, Lucr. 

5, intérivus, is (a gen. term): the 
d. and end of all things, int. atque 
obitus omnium rerum, Cic.: the d. of an 
army, exercitus int., Cic.: the d. of the 
soul, *animorum int.: to be reduced to 
d., ad int. redigi, Cic. 6, occidio, 
dnis, f. (by slaughter): the caralry met 
with utter d., equitatus occidione oc- 
cisus, Cic.: Tac.: Just. 7. inter- 
nécio (utter d.): the utter d. of an army, 
exercitus int., Caes.: Vv. EXTERMINATION. 
8, fiinus, éris, m. (poet. and rbetor- 

ical): the d. of the republic, reipublicae 
f., Cic.: the mournful d. of Troy, lacri- 
mosa T'rojae funera, Hor. 9, often, 
esp. after a prep., expr. by p. part. of 
verbs under pesTRoY: after the d. of 
Carthage, post deletam Carthaginem : 
by the d. of morality, moribus corrum- 
pendis, etc. 

destructive : 1. pernicidsus: 
Caes.: Cic.: Sall.: v. PERNICIOUs. Ms 
exitiabilis, e: a@ war d. towards one’s 
own citizens, bellum suis civibus ex., 
Cic. 3. exilialis, e: to have d. re- 
sults, ex. exitus habere, Cic. 4, ex- 
juidsus : @ d. conspiracy, ex. conjuratio, 
Cic.: Tac. 5, fiinestus: d. fires, f. 
ignes, Cic.: Virg.: v. PATAL. 6. 
calamitosus: v. DISASTROUS. 7. ful- 
mineus (like lightning: poet.): d. 
Mnestheus, f. Mnestheus, Virg.: d. tusic 
(of the boar), f.dens, Phaedr. 8, dam- 
nosus: Vv. INJURIOUS. 9, édax, acis 
(pvet.): the d. rain, imber edax, Hor. 

destructively : perniciosé: Cic. : 
Phr.: d. to yourself, cum tua pernicie 
(tuo exitio, malo, etc.), Cic. ‘ 

destructiveness: expr. by adj. or 
subst. under DESTRUCTION: how great ts 
the d. of war, *quantam perniciem fert, 
quam perniciosum est bellum, etc. 

desuetude: désuétiido, inis, f (not 
in Cic.): d. of arms, armorum d., Liv. : 
to fall into d., in d. abire, Callistrat. dig. 
Phr.: to fall into d., obsolescere, Cic. ; 
exolescere, Vol.; desuefieri, Varr.; in- 
veterascere (rare in this sense), Cic.: 
faiien into d., obsoletus, Cic.; exoletus, 
Liv.: Suet.: the word has fallen into 
d., verbum evanuit, Varr.: words of 
ancient date and fallen into general d.. 
verba prisca et ab usu quotidiani ser- 
monis intermissa, Cic.; verba quae ceci- 
dere, Hor. 

desultorily: 1. carptim (tn de- 
tached portions ; as opp. to regular con- 
secutive treat ment of a subject): to study 
literature d., *literis carptim incumbere ; 
literis colendis carptim et quasi desultor 
librorum quis esset, se dare. 2. vo- 
Jatico modo, nunc huc, nunc illuc: cf. 
Cic. Att. 13, 25, fim. Phr.: he reads too 
d., *parum continuando libros legit ; 
temere nec satis instituta ratione libris 
legendis incumbit; quasi librorum de- 
sultor legit. 


desultoriness: ratio inconstans, 
temeraria, volatica uliquid faciendi: v. 
DESULTORY, INCONSISTENT. 

desultory: 1, inconstans: v. IN- 
CONSTANT, CHANGEABLE. 2. témé- 


rarius (headlong, inconsiderate): Join: | 


vaga, instabilis, temeraria (lectio), Krebs. 
ap. R. and A. 8. volaticus: Cic. 
(who so designates the Academy: v. 
DESULTORILY, 3). Phr.: to make d. 
remarks, inordinata dicere, Quint.; 
*carptim nec satis continuata ratione de 
aliqua re dicere : 
*quasi desultor librorum est (the de- 
sultor was a circus-rider who leapt 
From horse to horse). 

detach: |. To remove by break- 
ing or tearing off : 1, défringo, frégi, 
fractum, 3: ¢o d. slips (rom a plant), 
plantas d., Virg.: Cic.: v. TO BREAK 
OFF. 2. abscindo, scidi, scissum, 3: 
to d. slips from the parent trunk, plantas 
abs. de corpore matrum, Virg. a 
avello, velli ov vulsi, vulsum, 3: apples 
are with difficulty d.’d from trees, if un- 
ripe, poma ex arboribus, si cruda sunt, 
vix avelluntur, Cic.: rocks d.’d by force 
JSrom mountains, saxa montibus avulsa, 


Lucr.: v. TO PLUCK, REND (AWAY). 4. 
divelio, 3: v. TO TEAR ASUNDER. 5. 
abstraho, 3: v. TO DRAG AWAY. Il. 
To separate; esp. to alienate : 1, dis- 


jungo, xi, ctum, 3: Caesar has dd 
Pompey from me, Caesar Pompeium a 
mea familiaritate disjunxit, Cic.: to d. 
ourselves from the body, d. nos a cor- 
poribus, Cic. 2. sejungo, 3: v. TO 
SEPARATE. 8. divello, 3 (implying 
force): to d. wisdom from pleasure, 
sapientiam a voluptate d., Cic. 4. 
distraho, xi, ctum, 3 (stronger than dis- 
jungo; weaker than divello): why 
would T try to d. him (Pompey) from 
him (Caesar), quid ego illum ab eo d. 
coner? Cic, 5, réméveo, amoveo, 2: 
Vv. TO KEMOVE. 6. dvéco, 1: to d. 
philosophy from mysterious subjects, 
philosophnam a rebus vccultis a., Cic. : 
to d. any one from (intimacy with) an- 
other, aliquem ab alicujus conjunctione 
a., Cic. Ill. To part off a certain 
number of soldters: perh. déligo, 3: v. 
TO PICK OUT, SELECT. (But usu. mitto, 
to send, may suffice.) IV. To detach 
oneself: expr. by pron. refl. with the 
above verbs, or by the passive (middle) 
voice: it easily d.’s ctself, facile refring- 
itur, ete. 

detached (part. adj.): séparatus, 
sejunctus: v. SEPARATE. Phr.: in d. 
portions, carptim: to write Roman his- 
tory in d. portions, c. scribere res Ro- 
manas, Sall.: the men were dismissed in 
small d. parties, milites carptim ac 
pauci uno tempore dimissi sunt: cf. 
Tac. Hist. 4, 46. 

detachment: |. Lhe act of de- 
taching or separation: sejunctio, sé- 
paratio: v. SEPARATION. Phr.: by the 
d. of the equites from the senate, equi- 
tibus a senatu disjunctis, avocatis : v. TO 
DETACH (IlL.). ||. A body of troops : 

1, manus, is, f.: v. BAND, COM- 

PANY. 2. pars, rtis, f.: to divide 
Forces into four d.s, copias in quatuor 
partes distribuere, Sall.: v. DIVISION. 
Phr.: he sends with him a d. of 200 
horse, *addit equites ducentos: a picked 
d., delecti milites: v. SELECT. 

detail (v-.): 1, énarro, 1: to d. a 
matter in due order, rem omnem ordine 
e., Ter.: V. TO RELATE. 2. explico, 
1: toexpand and d., dilatare atque ex., 
Cic.: Nep.: v. TO UNFOLD. 3. ex- 
séquor, séciitus, 3 (esp. with omnia): 
Liv. : v. DETAIL (subs.). 

detail (subs.): chiefly used in pi.: 
singitlae res, or singila, orum, n. pl.: 
the material is in its d.s so great, etc., 
in singulis rebus ejusmodi materies est, 
etc., Cic.: to go through d.s, per singula 
ire, Quint.; singula persequi, Sen 
Phr: in detail, singulatim, Suet. ; par- 
ticulatim, Auct. ad Her.: to write in d. 
a history of the Roman people, res po- 


he is a d. reader, | 








puli Romani perscribere. Liv.: to ez- | 


amine (things) in d. and collectively, 


singula intueri et universa, Liy.: to 


DETERIORATE 





| enter into d., de singulis agere, Cic.: to 


be cut off in d., *carptim perire: v. DE- 
TACHED. 
detailed (part. adj.): Phr.: a d. 
account, enarratio, Quint.: to give a d. 
account, v. preced. art. 
detain: 1, téneo, ui, ntum, 2: J 
was d.’d at Rome by my Tullia’s con- 
Jfinement, tenuit me Romae Tulliae meae 
partus, Cic.: J will not d. you further, 
non tenebo te pluribus, Cic. 9, ré- 
tineo, 2 (to keep from going on): unless 
they have already set out, you will d. the 
men, nisi jam profecti sunt, retinebis 
homines, Cic.: v. TO HOLD BACK. 3. 
détineo, 2 (more usu. to occupy, engage) 
I was d.'d by illness, morbus me de- 
tinuit, Ter. 4, tardo, rétardo, 1: v. 
TO DELAY. See also CUSTODY (TO KEEP 
IN). 
detainer: expr. by verb: v. preced. 
art. 
detainment: Vv. DETENTION. 
detect: 1, déprébendo, di, sum, 
3 (tocatch or find out in doing what is 
criminal): to d. an attempt at poison- 
ing, venenum d. (ulso comprelendere), 
Cic.: palpably to d. in crime, in facinore 
manifesto d. (also comprehendere), Cic. : 
v. TO CATCH, FIND OUT. 2. compré- 
hendo, 3 (less freq. in this sense): Cic. 
(¥. supr.) 3. invénio, 4: v. TO Dis 
COVER. 4, compério, péri, pertum, 
4: all these (machinations) I have d‘d, 
haec ego omnia comperi, Cic.: v. TO 
FIND OUT. 5, patélacio, féci, ete, 3 
(in gen. sense, to lay open, reveal): if 
this is concealed Iam in fear, if dd in 
disgrace, si hoc celatur in metu sum, 
si patefit, in probro, Ter.: tw plore 
d., bring to view, indagare, p., proferre, 
Cic. (N.B. Not detego, unless the 
sense is to reveal, disclose: as, children's 
characters are d.’d in their play, mores 
puerorum inter ludendum se dete- 
gunt.) 
detection: 1, dépréhensio (rare) : 
Cie. Q. expr. by verb: the d. of the 
conspiracy is due to you, *tuae laudis 
est quod deprehensa (patefacta) est con- 
juratio: not fearing guilt but d., *non 
ne noceret sed ne nocens deprehend- 
eretur veritus. 
detective: Phr.: ad. officer, inqui- 
sitor: v. Suet. Caes. 1. 
detention: 1, rétentio (keeping 
ok): Cic. 2. expr. by verb: fear- 
ing d., metuens ne teneretur, retinere- 
tur, etc.: Vv. TO DETAIN. 
deter: 1, déterreo, 2 (in positive 
sentences usu. full. by ne or prep.; in 
negative ones especially, by quominus, 
and in Pl. by quin): to d. any one from 
selling by auction, aliquem d. ne auc- 
tionetur, Cic.: nor do J seek to d. you 
From so arguing, neque te deterreo quo- 
minus id disputes, Cic.: tod. men Jrom 
writing, homines a scribendo d., Cic.: 
rarely with infin.: Cic.: also absol.: to 
d. men by the greatness of danger, ho- 
mines magnitudine periculi d., Caes. 
Q. terreo, 2 (same constr.) : tod. from 
trying to regain freedom, a repetenda 
libertate t., Sall.: to d. them jrom pur- 
suing, quominus insequerentur d., Caes. 
3, absterreo, 2 (same constr.): Cic.: 
Tac. 4, dépello, pili, pulsum, 3 (f 
induce to give up, to dissuade): d.'d 
from his undertaking, de conatu de- 
pulsus, Cic. : v. TO DIVERT. 5, averto, 
3: V-TODIVERT. See also TO INTIMIDATE. 
6, moveo, 2: v. TO INFLUENCE. 
detergent (adj.): smecticus, Plin, 
As subs.: smegma, itis, n.: Plin. Phr.: 
d. qualities, vis smectica, Plin. 
deteriorate (v): |. Trans: 
corrumpo; dépravo; in pejus mute; 
deteriorem reddo: v. TO CORRUPT, MAR 
[J]. Intrans.: j, corrumpor, 
ruptus, 3: the Roman people has so d.d 
under the influence of largesses, P. R. 
ita largitionibus corruptus est, Sall. in 
Cic.: Cic. 9. détérior fio, factus, 
{iéri: Vv. WORSE, and TO BECOME. ie 
labor, lapsus, 3: discipline gradually 
d.s, 1. paullatim disciplina, Liv.: more 
fully, in vitium labitur, Hor. Pahr.: 
rapidly to d., in pejus ruere, Virg. 
203 


DETERIORATED 





deteriorated (part.adj.): 1, cor- 
ruptus (spoilt, or in any way marred): 
Cic. . péjor (factus, redditus): v. 
worsE. 8, décdlor (poet.): a d. age, 
d. aetas, Virg. 

deterioration: dépravatio, corruptio 
(rather stronger than the Eng.): v. COR- 
RUPTION. Phr.: the d. of morals in- 
creases day by day, mores deteriores 
increbrescunt in dies, Pl.: to be in a 
state of d., deteriore conditione esse, 
Liv.: v. DECAY.’ 

determinate: certus: v. FIXED, DE- 
FINITE. 

determination: |. Zhe act of 
marking out by boundaries : ], de- 
finitio: Cic. 9, terminatio: Inscr. 
ap. Grut. 8, limitatio: Col. Il. 
A judicial decision: jidicium, discep- 
tatio, arbitrium: v. JUDGMENT, DECI- 
SION. ll]. 4 decision of the mind: 

1. consilium: my d. is to do so, 
consilium est ita facere, Cic. : Vv. DESIGN. 
2. inductio (deliberate): to depend 

upon the d. of the will, in quadam animi 
inductione atque voluntate positum esse, 
Cic. 8, instititum: v. PLAN, PUR- 
POSE. 4, voluntas (esp. in combina- 
tion with some word denoting the mind) : 
v. supr. (2): to arrive at this d., hance 
mentem v.que suscipere, Cic. a 
mens, ntis, f, (in certain phr.: v. preced. 
ex.): the gods inspired me with tiis d., 
dii me in hance m. impulerunt, banc mihi 
m. injecerunt, dederunt, Cic. 6, senten- 
tia (way of thinking, resolution): if one’s 
d. be to defend hour, si honestatem 
tueri sententia est, Cic.: v. OPINION. 17, 
certum (with est, and dat. of person): 
it is my deliberate d. to say, etc., (mibi) 
c. est deliberatumque dicere, etc., Cic. : 
it. is (his) obstinate d., c. atque obsti- 


natum est (ei), Liv.: Ter.: Pl. 8. 
décrétum: only of the d. of official per- 
sons or bodies: v. DECISION. See also 


PURPOSE, DESIGN.  |V, In abstr. sense, 
resolution, firmmess : animi firmitas, con- 
3stantia ; tenax propositi mens: v. FIRM- 
NESS, DECISION. V. The act of direct- 
ing toanend: Phr.: the d. of the will, 
*inductio. voluntatis, cf. swpr. (III. 2): 
or as purely philos. ¢. ¢.: *determinatio 

voluntatis. 
determine: |. Zo limit: finio, 
définio, détermino: v. TO BOUND. ll. 
To make a legal determination: dis- 
cepto, judico, décido, statuo: v. TO DE- 
CIDE, JUDGE. II]. Zo make up one’s 
mind, cone to a determination to do 
something: 1, stituo, i, itum, 3 (foll. 
by inf. or ut, ne with subj., of more 
formal determination) : he had delibe- 
rately resolved not to be present, statu- 
erat et deliberaverat non adesse, Cic. 
9, constituo, 3 (Same constr., but 
more often with ut): J had d.d to re- 
main, constitueram ut manerem, Cic. : 
Caes. 8, décerno, crévi, crétum (usu. 
with inf. when one’s own conduct is that 
which is determined on): Caesar had 
ad to cross the Rhine, Caesar Rhenum 
transire decreverat, Caes.: Cic. 4, 
animum or in animum indico, xi, ctum, 
3 (foll. by inf. or ut, ne, with subj.) : 
let them d. to despise riches, inducant 
an. opes contemnere, Cic.: I will d. to 
defend his life, in an. inducam ejus 
vitam defendere, Cic.: to d. to, etc., in- 
ducere an., ut etc., Cic.; in an. inducere, 
ut ete, Liv. Phr: J have d.d, mihi 
certum est, Cic. (v. preced. art. IIT. 7): 
to d. upon a plan, rationem instituere, 
Caes.: Cic. IV. To settle some ques- 
tion: st&tuo, decerno: v. TO SETTLE, 
DECIDE. V. To influence: adduco, 
induco (v. sup. III. 4): v. TO INDUCE, 

INFLUENCE. 
determined (part. adj.): I. 
Fixed: fixus, certns, etc.: v. FIXED. 
|]. Of persons, having the mind 
made up: certus: d. to go, certus eundi, 
Virg.: d. to die, c. mori, Virg.: d. to 
abandon life, vitae relinquendae c., 
‘Tac.: comp. DETERMINATION (III. 7). 
But in most cases expr. by verb: as, 
being d. to do so, quum decrevisset: v. 
TO DETERMINE (IIL). II]. Aesolute, 
ided : firmus: @ man most d. 


204 





DETRACT FROM 


DEVELOPE 





when he has once adopted a cause, vir in 
suscepta causa firmissimus, Cic.: you do 
not defend the right in a d. manner, 
non firmus rectum defendis, Hor. 2). 
constans: V. RESOLUTE, DECIDED. 3. 
obstinatus (also in bad sense): bué with 
d. spirit endure, sed obstinata mente 
perfer, Cat.: Cic.: Liv. 4, pertinax 
(also in bad sense): d. valour, p. virtus, 
Liv. 5, strénuus: V. BRAVE, RESO- 
Lute. Phr.: to offer a d. resistance, 
fortiter, firmiter, pertinaciter resistere : 
V. RESOLUTELY, BRAVELY. 

determinedly: fortiter, firmiter, 
etc.: v. preced. art. ( fin.) 

detersive; smecticus: Vv. DETER- 
GENT. 

detest: 1, Odi, dsus; intens., 
pérosus, exodsus, defect.. v. TO HATE. 

Q, abhorreo, 2 (with ace. or ab and 

abl.) : Vv. TO ABHOR. 8. détestor, ex- 
secror, I: V. TO EXECRATE. 4, abo- 
minor, t (strictly, to deprecate as a bad 
omen): Hannibal d.d of parents, abo- 
minatus parentibus Hannibal, Hor. : 
Liv. 5, aversor, 1 (to turn away one’s 
Jace in loathing): to d. the sight of any 
one, aspectum alicujus a., Tac. 6, in 
pass.: odio esse: how d.’d is cruelty, 
quanto odio sit crudelitas, Cic.: v. To 
HATE. 

detestable; Sdidsus, détestabilis, 
foedus : V. HATEFUL, EXECRABLE. 

detestably ; ddidsé, quod odio sit: 
Vv. HATEFUELY. 

detestation: 1, ddium summum, 
acerrimum : V. HATRED. Q. détesta- 
tio, exsecratio: Vv. EXECRATION. 

dethrone; regno expellere, Caes. : 
regno detrudere, Nep.; regno spoliare, 
Vell. (all denoting violence): regnum 
alicui adimere (by any means): regno 
multare, regnum alicui abrogare, based 
on Cic. (by legal sentence) : solio pellere, 
depellere, are poet. When the king is 
at the same time expelled, ejicere, expel- 
lere: Liv. 

dethronement: regni ademptio: 
but usu. better expr. by verb: after the 
d. of the Tarquins, post reges ejectos, 
Liv. 

detonate: crepare, cum fragore ex- 
silire: v. TO CRACK, EXPLODE. 

detonating: quod displosum crepat : 
ef. Hor. Sat. 1, 8, 46. (As ¢. ¢., détonans, 
ntis.) 

detonation : 
EXPLOSION, CRACK. 

detour: 1, circuitus, is: fo make 
a d. (with an army) of more than 40 
miles, millium amplius quadraginta cir- 
cuitu exercitum ducere, Caes.: Curt. 
(Not cireuitio, which is a going the 
rounds.) 9, ambitus, is: by a long 
d., longo a, Liv.: v. CIRCUIT. 3% 
flexus, Us: to make a d. into Armenia, 
Armeniam flexu petere, Tac. Pbhr.: 
to make a d. (of a general), agmen cir- 
cumducere, Liv.; flectere viam, Liv.; 
flectere iter, Caes. (both less exact than 
the preceding). 

detract from: 1. détraho, xi, ctum, 
3 (with de and abl.): to d. at all from 
our goodwill, quicquam de nostra bene- 
volentia d., Cic.: to d. from a person’s 
character, and involve him in unpopu- 
larity, de aliquo d., et eum in invidiam 
vocare, Cic. Q, dérdgo, 1 (with acc. 
and dat.or abl. with de): to d. from 
any one’s credit, fidem alicui d., Cie. : 
to d. somewhat from the magnificence, 
de magnificentia quiddam d., Cic. 3: 
imminuo, i, itum, 3 (to diminish: with 
de and abl. or acc.): to d. somewhat 
Srom the enjoyment, im. aliquid de 
voluptate, Cic.: to d. from any one’s 
praise, landem alicujus im., Cic.: v. 
TO DIMINISH. 4. décerpo, psi, ptum, 
3 (with de and abl.: less freq.): lest 
a joke should d. at all from his 
gravity, ne quid jocus de gravitate 
decerperet, Cic. 5, délibo, t (lit. to sip 
a little: with de): to d. somewhat from 
one’s own glory, aliquid de gloria sua d., 
Cic. 6, détracto (-trecto), 1 (with dat. 
or acc.): to d. from oneself, sibi d., Sen. : 
envy d.s from virtues, invidia virtutes 
d., Liv. 7. obtrecto, 1 (with dat.: 


fragor, crépitus: v. 





esp. of depreciatory language): that the 
general's praises might be d.’d from, ut 
obtrectaretur laudibus ducis, Liv.: v 
TO CARP AT. 8, élévo, 1 (lit. to make 
light: with acc.): you d. from your 
authority, vos auctoritatem vestram e., 
Liv.: to d. from any one's glorious 
deeds, alicujus praeclara facta e., Liv-: 
V. TO DISPARAGE. 

detraction: obtrectatio (from ri- 
valry and ill-feeling): Cic.: V. DISs- 
PARAGEMENT. 

detractor; obtrectator: the d.s and 
enviers of Scipio, ob. et invidi Scipionis, 
Cic.: Quint.: v.DISPARAGER. (Or expr. 
by part. etc. of verbs under DETRACT: 
to care little for d.s, obtrectantes parvi 
facere, obtrectantium clamores negligere: 
see L. G. § 638.) 

detriment; détrimentum, incom- 
médum, damnum: v. DAMAGE, HURT, 
Loss. Phr.: without d. to, salva, in- 
tegra, incolumi aliqua re (abl. absol.) < 
Cic. 

detrimental: expr. by dat. of de- 
trimentum, incommodum: to be d. ta 
any one, alicui detrimento esse, Caes. : 
v. L. G. § 297- 

detrition : expr. by verb: gold suf- 


fers the least d. possible from use, aurum 


quam minime usu deteritur, Plin.; v. 

T RUB (AWAY). 
detrude: v. TO THRUST DOWN, DIs- 

PLACE. 
detruncated (part. adj.) : truncus, 

truncatus: V. TRUNCATED, MUTILATED. 
detruncation: truncatio, détrun- 

catio: V. MUTILATION. D 
deuce; i.e. two in dice: binio, dnis 

m.: Isid. As exclamation: malum! 

‘Ter.: V. HANGED (BE), PLAGUE. 
deuterogamist: *deutérdgamus, m. 

and , (Sevrepoyasos, 0, H): Or by 

circuml, *qui (quae) secundas nuptias 
honestas putat; qui (quae) ad secundas 
nuptias se applicat. 

deuterogamy: deutérégamia (Sev- 

Tepoyapia): or by circuml., secundae 

nuptiae. 

7 deuteronomy : deutérondmium % 
act. ‘ 
devastate: 1, vasto, 1 (¢o render 

waste and desolate): Join: vastare 

atque praedari, Caes.; v. et diripere, 

v. atque exinanire (agros), Cic.; v. atque 

populari, Hirt. The comps. dévasto, 

pervasto (to d. completely), also occur : 

Liv. 2, populor, also popiilo, act., 1 

(strictly, to rid of inhabitants): the city 

of Rome uas dd by the wrath of the 

gods (by a pestilence), urbem Romanam 
ira deorum populari, Liv.: but the dep. 
form is more usual, to d. lands, agros 
populari, Caes.: Cic. Comps., depopulor 

(to d. utterly); Caes.; also perpopulor 

(in same sense) : Liv. 8, exinanio, 4 

(to empty of everything): Cic. (v. supr. 1). 

See also DEVASTATION. 
devastation: |, As act: il. 

vastatio: universal d., v. omnium, Cic. : 

Liv.: v. RAVAGE. 2. popilatio (for 

syn., see verb): Caes. [I]. As state: 

J, vastitas: to produce d., v. effivere, 

Cic.; v. reddere, Liv. 9, vastitudo 

(rare): old form of prayer in Cato. 3, 

excidium: Vv, DESTRUCTION. 
devastator: 1, popiilator (f, 

populatrix, Stat.: Claud.: Mart.): ds 

of lands, agrorum populatores, Liv.: 

Atrides d. of Troy, Trojae p. Atrides, 

Ov. 9. vastator (f., vastatrix, icis, 

Sen.): the d. of Arcadia, Arcadiae Vey 

Ov.: v. WASTER, RAVAGER. 
develope: |. Zo unfold, expand 

im words : explico, iii and avi, 

itum and atum, 1: to expand and d. 

(opp. to compress, condense), dilatare et 

ex., Cic.: v. TO EXPLAIN, EXPOUND. 

9. évolvo, vi, vélitum, 3: v. TO 


UNFOLD. 8, explano, Gnddo, 1: v. TO 
EXPLAIN. 4, dilato,1: v. TO EXPAND, 
ENLARGE, Il. vo unfold in action: 


1, explico, 1: there they would da. 
the remainder of their plan, ibi se reli- 
quum consilium explicaturos, Caes, (who 
often uses the word). 9. expédio, 
4 (strictly, to disengaye of obstacles): te 
d. one’s plans, cousilia sua ex., Tac.: 


| a 


DEVELOPEMENT 


DEVOTE 


DEVOTION 


foment a ee SE 


Cic.: to d. his commissariat, rem fru- 
mentariam ex., Caes. Wl. Zo bring 
out ; unfold the resources of: ‘ 
@diico, 1: to d. and strengthen what 
already exists, quae jam orta sunt e. 
atque confirmare, Cic.: v. TO EDUCATE, 
BEAR. 2. excito, 1 (to call forth): 
to d. bodily force, ex. corporis virtutem, 
Vell. : tod. new shoots by culture, nova 
sarmenta cultura ex., Cic.: to d. minds 
to any purpose, ingenia ad aliquam rem 
ex,, Liv.: tod. the resources of a nation, 
*populi vires ex. atque elicere: v. TO 
BRING OUT. 3. alo, dlui, ilitum and 
altum, 3: the human mind is d.d by 
study, mens hominis discendo alitur, 
Cic.: v. TO NOURISH. 4, nutrio, 4: 
Vv. TO NOURISH. 5. excdlo, 3: v. TO 
CULTIVATE. 6, amplifico, 1 (to in- 
crease largely); the Academy d.d that 
power of discussion, eam facultatem 
disserendi amplicavit Academia, Cic. 
Phr.: to d. the resources and virtues 
of a nation, rempublicam ita adminis- 
trare (moderari) ut opibus firma, copiis 
locuples, virtute honesta sit, cf. Cic. Att. 
8, 11, ad init. (see also supr. 2): tt ts 
hardly credible how much of arrogance 
and sottishness d.d itself in Vitellius, 
vix credibile est quantum superbiae 
socordiaeque Vitellio adoleverit, ‘lac. : 
all things d. themselves by little and 
little, omnia paullatim crescunt, Lucr. : 
if his virtues had d.d themselves, si vit- 
tutes ejus maturuissent, Plin. (v. To 
RIPEN): to d. themselves and grow (of 
natural products), maturata pubescere, 
Cic.: a commonwealth that has fully 
dd itself, respublica adulta et jam firma 
atque robusta; populus adultus jam et 
[paene} puber, Cic. 

developement: |. Zhe act of un- 
folding: explicatio: Cic. |, Growth 
and increase: auctus, US: V. INCREASE. 
Phr.: to condwe very greatly to the d. 
of a noble disposition, maxima inere- 
menta egregiae indolis dare, Just.: to 
attain full d., maturescere, adolescere : 
V. TO DEVELOPE. AI. The unfolding 


of events: Phr.: to wait for the d. of 


events, *expectare eventum; expectare 
dum se aperiat exitus rerum : y. ISSUE, 
EVENT, COURSE. 

deviate: |. Lit.: to turn aside 
from a certain path: 1. déclino, 1 
(both with pron. refl., and as intrans.) : 
to d. from a straight line, sese recta 
regione viai d., Lucr. (in which sense 
Cic. has declinare as intrans.): to d. a 
little from the road towards the right, 
paulum ad dexteram de viad., Cic. 2, 
décédo, ssi, ssum, 3: to d. from the way, 
de via d., Cic. ; via d., Quint. 8. de- 
grédior, gressus, 3: not to d. from the 
road at all, nil via d., Liv. (or with de, 
ab). 4, d@flecto, xi, xum, 3: v. TO 
TURN ASIDE. Phr.: not to d. from a 
course, tenere cursum, Caes. Il. 
Fig.: to act in violation of : 
cédo, ssi, ssum, 3: to d. from one’s 
cuslom, ab consuetudine sua d., Cic. : 
not to d.a@ hair’s (nail’s) breadth from 
the rule of conscience, a recta conscientia 
transversum unguem non d., Cic. (or 
transversum ut aiunt d., Cic.). 2s 
décédo, 3: in this sense probably only 
with (de) vid: v. supr. (I. 2). 3. 
déclino, t: to d. from duty, a religione 
officii d., Cic. 4. dégrédior, 3: to 
d. from duty, officio d., Ter.: v. To 


DIGRESS. 5, erro, iberro: v. TO ERR, 
STRAY. 
deviation : 1, déclinatio: Cic. 


9, excessus, US: Vv. DEPARTURE. 
3, délictum (@ d. from moral 
duty) : V. FAULT, OFFENCE. 4, very 
often expr. by verb: not to be guilty of 
the least d. from, etc. ne minimum 
quidem discedere ab, etc.: v. preced. 
art. 
device: |. An emblem: insigne, 
is, n.: Gallic arms and d.s, Gallica 
arma atque ius., Caes. Il. A motto: 
@pigramma, inscriptio: v. INSCRIPTION. 
, A contrivance : artificium, con- 
silium (callidum), délus, machina: v. 
CONTRIVANCE, ARTIFICE. 
devil: 1, diabélus: Lact.: Tert. 











2, daemon, Snis, m.: Vv. DEMON. 
Phr.: talk of tne d. and his horns will 
appear, \upus in sermone, Pl.; lupus in 


fabula, Cic. 

devilish: J. Lit.: 1, diabéli- 
eus: Paul. Nol. 9. daemdniicus ; 
Lact. 3, daemdnfeus, Tert. 4, gen. 
of diabolus: all d. artifice, *omnia dia- 
boli artificia, doli. I. Fig.: abomi- 
nable : scélestus, scélératus atque impius 
(Lucr.), néfandus: v. ABOMINABLE, 

devilishly ; *didbdlicé (usu. better, 
scélératé, sceleratissimé, néfandé): v. 
WICKEDLY, ABOMINABLY. 

devil- worshipper : 
m. and f.: Aug. 

devious: 1, dévius (more freq. 
in sense of out of the way): d. paths, 
d. tramites, Suet. 9, vagus: v. 
WANDERING. 3, erraticus: Cic, (who 
uses it of the rambling growth of the 
vine). 

devise (v-.): |. To invent, think 
out : 1, excdgito, 1: what evil or 
guilt could be imagined or d.d, which, 
etc., quid mali aut sceleris fingi aut ex. 
potest, Cic.: many plans were d.d for 
(gratifying) their avarice, multa ad 
avaritiam excogitabantur, Caes. 2d. 
comminiscor, mentus, 3 (esp. of what is 


daembdnicéla, 


false): to d. a lie, mendacium c., Pl.: 


to d. so outrageous a crime, tantum 
facinus ¢., Quint. 8, commentor, I 
(like preced., of which it is a frequent.) : 
to d. some plan whereby, etc., Cc. qua 
ratione, etc., Cic.: Pl. 4, fingo, nxi, 
ctum, 3: Vv. TO FRAME, IMAGINE. 5. 
concdquo, 3 (in bad sense): v. TO CON- 
cocr. 6, molior, 4 (implying laborious 
effort): to d. evil against any one in 
secret, insidias alicui m., Virg. Join: 
struere et moliri (aliquid calamitate 
alicui), Cic. 7, répério, 4: Vv. TO IN- 
VENT. Il. To leave by will: lego, 1: 
v. TO BEQUEATH. 

devise (subs.): |. The act of be- 
queathing : expr. by lego: by this d. of 
his property, *quum rem familiarem ita 
testamento legasset: v. TO BEQUEATH. 

Il. That which is bequeathed: le- 

gatum: v. LEGACY, WILL. 

devisee; légatarius, Suet. (f. lega- 
taria, Ulp.). 

deviser : 1, inventor: d. of 
crimes, scelerum inv., Virg. 9. ex- 
cogitator, Quint. 

devoid: expers (with gen. or abl.), 
vacuus, liber (with abl.): v. DESTITUTE 
OF, VOID OF, FREE FROM. To be d. of, 
vacare, carere : V. TO LACK, BE WITHOUT. 

devolve: |. Vrans.: to deliver 
over: déféro, tili, latum, 3: he 
d.d on him all his own authority, 
omnem ei suam auctoritatem detulit, 
Cic.: also with ad and acc., Cic. ot 


thority upon the consuls, potestatem 
consulibus p., Sall. 3, committo, 
commendo; vy. TO COMMIT, ENTRUST. 
II. Intrans.: tocome toin the 
course of inheritance; to rest upon: 
1. pervénio, veni, ventum, 4: to d. 
to any one (of property), ad aliquem p., 
Cic.: let the power d. on them, sine ad 
illos p. potestatem, Cic. Q. vénio, 4 
(esp. of property inherited) : tod. to any 
one, alicui, ad aliquem v., Cic.: on whom 
should d. the command of the fleet, 
cui classis venisset (—obvenisset), Liv. 
3, obvénio, 4 (to fall by lot: esp. 
of commands so allotted): Liv.: Cie. 
4, cédo, ssi, ssum, 3: the power of 
Pompey and Crassus d.d upon Caesar, 
Pompeii Crassique potentia in Caesarem 
cessit, Tac. 5. rédeo (ivi rare), ti, 
itum (of goods), 4, ir7.: by his death 
those goods have by law d.d on me, ejus 
morte ea ad me lege redierunt bona, 
Ter.: Pl.: Caes. Phr.: this inherit- 
ance should have d.d upon the brother's 
daughter, haec hereditas transmittenda 
erat filiae fratris, Plin.: your office will 
d. upon me (as your) deputy, succedam 
ego vicarius tuo muneri, Cic. 
devote : |. To consecrate: 1, 
déviveo, vovi, votum, 2: to d. the most 
beautiful thing to Diana, Dianae pul- 
cherrimum d.. Cic. 2, dico 1: v. TO 





permitto, misi, missum, 3: 40 ad. au- | 





DEDICATE. 3, sacro, consecro, I: Vv. TO 
CONSECRATE. 4. Addico, dixi, dictum, 
3: all the lands he d.d to the goddess, 
agros omnes Deae addixit, Vell. jj], 


To doom: 1, déviveo, 2: to d. one- 
self for the republic’s sake, se pro repub- 
lica d., Cic.: Liv. 9. voveo, 2: tod, 


their own lives for the safety of their 
country, sua capita pro salute patriae v., 
Cic. 8, destino, 1: to d.any one to 
death, aliquem ad mortem (morti) d., 
Liv.: v. TO DOOM. 4, consecro, I: 
by this blood I d. you to destruction, te 
tuumque caput hoc sanguine c., Liv, 
Il. To give up: 1, dédo, didi, 
ditum: to uhich we should entirely d, 
ourselves, cui nos totos d. debemus, Cic.: 
I d. myself to letters, litteris me dedo, 
Cic. 9. conféro, tili, latum, 3: to d. 
all one’s time to doing something, ormne 
tempus ad aliquid (faciendum) c., Cic. ; 
to d. the spoils of war to the decoration 
of the city, praedas in urbis ornamenta 
c., Cic.: V. TO BESTOW. 3, impendo, 
di, sum, 3: to d. two years to the com- 
position of books, biennium libris com- 
ponendis im., Quint.: Tac. 4, ap- 
plico, 1; v. TO APPLY (ONESELF). 5. 
déviveo, 2 (v. rare in this sense): Curt 
G. stiideo, ui, 2 (intrans.: to d. one- 
self: with dat.): to d. oneself to ine 
creasing one’s patrimony, patrimonio 
augendo st., Cic.: to d. oneself to letters, 
literis st., Cic. 7, incumbo, ciibui, 
ciibitum, 3 (lit., to lean upon; hence put 
Forth an effort: with ad, in, and ace. ; 
also dat.): to d. one’s efforts to man- 
ning a fleet, ad parandam classem in, 
Hirt.: Cic.: he d.d himself to proposing 
laws, legibus rogandis incubuit, Flor. : 
to d. oneself toa cause, in causam in., 
Cic.: Caes.: to this point let the orator 
d. himself, huc incumbat orator, Quint. ; 
also with ut and subj.: Appius d.d him- 
self to getting them to appoint him 
consul, Appius incubuit ut se consulem 
dicerent, Liv. 8, inservio, 4 (with 
dat.: to a. oneself with earnestness and 
effort): to d. oneself to an art, arti ins., 
Cie. Q, déservio, 4 (intens. of pre- 
ceding): to d. oneself to good men, 
bonis viris d., Cic. Phr.: to d. oneself 
to speaking with all possible zeal, ad 
dicendum studio omni _niti, Cic. 
devoted (part. adj.,: |, Set apart 
to the gods : 1, dévotus: a d. victim, 
victima d., Hor.: Virg.: Cic.: Vv. DEDI- 
CATED. Q, sacer, cra, crum: V. SACRED. 
3, votivus: v. voTIvE. |]. Fig.. 
given up to: 1, déditus (with dat.) : 
astonishingly d. to these pursuits, miri- 
fice his studiis d., Cic.: toomuch d. to the 
equestrian order, nimis equestri ordini 
d:, Cic. 9. stiididsus (with gen.: Vv. 
FOND OF): I keep the Dyrrachians d. to 
me, mei st. habeo Dyrrachinos, Cic.: d. 
to literature, literarum st., Cic. 3. 
dbediens, ntis (with dat:): d. to (slaves 
of) appetite, ventri ob., Sall.: v. SUBSER- 
a 4, dévotus (in late authors): 
a client d. to thee, tibi d. cliens, Juv.. 
Suet. 5, impensus : d. attachment to 
any one, imp. voluntas erga aliquem, 
Liv.: Cic. Phr.: to be d. to, inservire, 
deservire, studere (with dat.): v. TO DE- 
VorE (ad fin.): Iam entirely d. to you, 
totus sum vester, Cic. 
devotedly: 1. stiidiosé: v. ZEAL- 
OUSLY. 9, impenst (of any vehement 
feeling): Cic.: Liv.: v. EARNESTLY. 
3, summo stiidio: Cic.: Vv. ZBAL. 
Phr.: d. attached to, amantissimus, 
studiosissimus, Cic. (v. DEVOTED): the 
soldiers were @. attached to Vitellius 
militum animi obstinati pro Vitellio, 
Tac.: to love d., deperire (with acc.): 
perdite, misere amare: V. EXCESSIVELY. 
devotedness: V- DEVOTION. 
devotee: *qui totus est in religion- 
ibus; homo religiosus (a term of excess 
in Cic.): religiosus (used as subs. in 
a Kempis). 
devotion: ].. A solemn offering 
of: 1, dévotio, f.: in the d. of his 
life (of P. Decius), in devotione vitae, 
Cic. 2, consecratlo: Vv. CONSECRATION 
, Devoted attachment : 1, sti- 
dium: often in pl.: I owe to you thé 
205 


DEVOTIONAL 


utmost possible d., omnia in te summa 
et singularia s. debeo, Cic.: yv. ZEAL, 
AFFECTION. Q, amor: V. LOVE. 3. 
voluntas (usu. with some epithet): my 
constant d. to the commonwealth, mea 
perpetua atque constans V. in remp., Cic. 
Join: voluntas et studium erga ali- 
quem, Cic. 4, “animi assidua et 
vehemens ad aliquam rem applicata 
magna cum voluptate occupatio:” de- 
finition of studium in Cie. Inv. 1, 25, 36 
5, animus deditus: the greatest d., 
animus deditissimus, Cic. Phr.: to 
show d. to, servire, inservire: v.TO DE- 
VOTE. II]. Religious worship : iL 
préces : V. PRAYERS. 9, culus, us: 
v. woRSHIP. Phr.: to pay one’s d.s, 
precari ac supplicare, Liv.: v. TO PRAY, 
PRAYER. (Devotio is used of religious 
devotedness in Lact.). 
devotional: pius; ad pietatem erga 
Deum pertinens: Vv. DEVOUT, PIOUS. 
Phr.: d. exercises, preces (Vv. PRAYERS) 5 
*meditationes piae, ad pietatem alendam 
susceptae: a d. frame of mind, *affectio 
animi pia atque ad Deum conversa: Y. 
DEVOUT. 
devour: |. Zocatgreedily: 1, 
dévoro, 1 (strictly to swallow down en- 
tire: hence, esp. in fig. sense, to take 
anything greedily): to d. mice (of the 
weasel), mures d., Phaedr.: to d. with 
one’s eyes, oculis d., Just. ; in anticipa- 
tion, spe d., Cic.: v. TO SWALLOW UP. 
9. viro, : v. TO SWALLOW. : 
comédo, 3: Vv. TO EAT UP. 4, ob- 
sorbeo, 2: Vv. TO GULP DOWN. 5 
haurio, si, stum, 4: used by Plin. of ser- 
pents swallowing their prey entire: to 
d. in thought, cogitatione h. (joined with 
animo sorbere), Cic. Il. Zo consume, 
as fire does: absumo, consumo: v. TO 
CONSUME. 
devouring (@4j.):_ 1. vorax, acis: 
d. maw, v. venter, Ov.: d. flame, v. 
flamma, Sil. 9, édax (eating away): 
Hor. See also DESTRUCTIVE. 
devourer : 1, héluo or helluo, 
Onis (a glutton: q.v.): d. of his country, 
h. patriae, Cic. 9, confector, con- 
sumptor: V. DESTROYER. 3, vorago, 
inis, f, (strictly an abyss: only in rhe- 
torical language): d. of a patrimony, 
patrimonti v., Cic. 4, barathrum 
(like vorago): d. of the whole market, 
macelli b., Hor. (Vorator and devorator 
occur in Tert.). 
devout: 1. pius: v.rious. 2. 
réligiosus (as used by Cic. = supersti- 
tious; not so in Christian writers: 
Vulg.: v. RELIGIOUS). 3, deévotus 
(late): @ Kempis. 4, vénérabundus 
(full of d. feeting) : Liv. 
devoutly: 1, vénérabundus (in agr. 
with subj.; see L. G. § 343): they d. en- 
tered the temple, venerabundi templum 
iniere, Liv. Q, pié (in superl., summa 
pietate, not piissime): v. PIOUSLY. 3}, 
suppliciter (or supplex : cf. supr. 1): V. 
SU PPLIANTLY. 4, sancté (with pure 
mind and according to prescribed cus- 
tom): Join: auguste pieque (venerari 
deum) ; pie sancteque, Cie. 
devoutness: 1, pietas: v- PIETY. 
9, devotio: Lact.: a Kempis. 3. 
*animus venerabundus : v. DEVOUT (4): 
v. PIETY. 
dew (subs.): 1, ros, roris, m.: the 
d. falls, dries up, 78 evaporated by the 
sun, ros cadit (also rores cadunt), ex- 
arescit, a sole discutitur, Plin. : fresh d., 
d. of heaven, transparent d., ros recens, 
coelestis, vitreus, Ov. 9. roratio (a 
fall of d.: rare): Apul. Phr.: there 
is a d., rorat, Col. : Phin. 
dew (v. t.): 1, roro, 1: d.ing 
with tears their face and cheeks, lacry- 
mis rorantes ora genasque, Lucr. 
irroéro: Vv. BEDEW. 
dew-bespangled: *vitreis roribus 
distinctus: Vv. DEWY. 
dew-besprinkled: orans, rori- 
lentus: v. DEWY. 
dew-drop: rs (v- DEW): more pre- 
cisely, *gutta roscida. 
dew-lap: paléar, aris, 7. : more usu. 
pl.: the hanging d., pendula palearia, 
Ov.: Col.: Virg. 
206 














DIAPASON 


dewy: 1, roscidus (abounding im 
or covered with dew ; also, of the nature 
of dew): d. nights, Yr. Moctes, Plin. : 
d. apples, r. mala, Virg.: d. moisture, 
r. humor, Plin. 9, roridus (=Tus- 
cidus: rare): Prop. 3, rorulentus 
(abounding in, covered with dew): Cato: 
Plin. 4, rorans, ntis (dropping dew): 
the d. stars, rorantia astra, Virg.: Ov. 

5, rorifer, éra, erum (dew-bring- 
ing): Lucr.. 

dexterity: calliditas, sollertia: v- 
CLEVERNESS, SKILL. (Not dexteritas: Vv. 
Dr. Smith's Lat. Dict., s. v-) 

dexterous: Callidus, sollers, sciens : 
y. SKILFUL. 

dexterously: callide: v. SKILFULLY. 

diabolical: diabélicus : Paul. Nol. 

diaconal: ad diaconatum pertinens. 

diaconate: 1. diaconatus, lis, m.: 
Hier. 9, diaconium : Sulp. Sever. 

diadem; 1. fascia: Suet. 2. 
diidema, itis, m.: Cic.: Juv.: Vv. 
CROWN. 

diademed (part. a4j.): 1, dia- 
dematus: Plin. 9, diadimenus (d:a- 
Sovjevos) : Plin. 

diagnosis: *diagnosis, is (Gr. dta- 
yvwots): morborum exploratio (?). 

diagonal (adj. and subs.): diago- 
nalis, diagonius, diagdnicus, Vitr. As 
subs., diagonalis linea, Vitr. 

diagonally: 1, in quincuncem 
(in the manner of the quincunx *-: ): 
v. CROSS. 9, transversum (perh. 
better, in transversum) : Front. Ag. 

diagram: 1. descriptio: to ex- 
plain anything by 4.8, aliquid descrip- 
tionibus explicare, Cic. forma: to 
draw d.s in the dust, formas in pulvere 
describere, Liv.: forma geometrica, if 
geometrical d.s are meant: V. GEOME- 
TRICAL. 

dial; solarium: Varr.: Cic. 2. 
horarium (any instrument for marking 
time): Censor. See also CLOCK. 

dialect: 1. diadlectés, or dialectus 
(Gr. Suadextos), i, f.: Suet. 9. less 
precisely, lingua: the Tonic d., Ionica 1., 
Quint. Phr.: the Rhodians speak the 
Doric d., Dorice Rhodii loquuntur, Suet.: 
simly., lonice, Aeolice, etc. 

dialectic : appertaining to dialec- 
tics: dialecticus: Cic.: Quint. 

dialectical: relating to dialects : 
expr. by dialectus : d. peculiarities, 
*dialecti, dialectorum proprietates. 

dialectician: dialecticus: Cicks: 
Quint. 

dialectics: dialectice or dialectica 
(Gr. dtadexTuKy) : Cic.: Quint. Also 
pl.: dialectica, rum: Cic.: Vv. LOGIC. 

dialling: gnoménicé or gnomonica 
(Gr. yowopovexy): Vitr.: Gell. 

diallist ; guoménicus: Solin. 

dialogue : Conversational : 
sermo, colléquium: v. CONVERSATION. 

I]. A written philosophical discus- 

si: dialégus, i, m. (Gr. duaAoyos) : Cic. 
Phr.: a measure suited for (dramatic) 
d., alternis aptus sermonibus, Hor.: a 
d. (between actors), diverbium, Liv. 

diameter: 1. diametros, i, f. Gr. 
Suayetpos): Col. 9. dimétiens, ntis, 
f. (sc. linea): Plin. 3. (of thick 
bodies, as pillars): crassitido: Vitr. 
Phr.: ind., per medium, Vitr.: a foot 
in d., pedalis, e (applicable to any kind 
of dimension): Cic. 

diametrical: diametros, on: Firm. 
Math. 


diametrically: — |. Lit: in the 
direction of the diameter : per medium, 
Vitr. (v. DIAMETER). Il. Jn direct 


opposing lines: Phr.: these things are 
d. opposed, *exsistit inter haec quanta 
maxima potest esse discrepantia ; baec 
prorsus a contrariis partibus stant ; 
toto, ut aiunt, distant coelo, cf. Macr. 
Sat. 3,12: Vv. TOTALLY. 

diamond: |, The stone : adamas, 
ntis, m.: Plin. Made of d., adamauti- 
nus: Plin. Il. The figure: scutila: 
Tac.: Vitr. 

diamond-shaped: *scutulae form- 
am habens: ef. Tac. Agr. 10. 

diapason: diapason (i. e. n dua 
racav apwovia): Vitr. Phr.: in full 








DICTATOR 


ee 


d., *pleno concentu 5 concentu per omnes 
chordas facto. 

diaphoresis: diaphdresis, is, t- 
(Scaopnars)- Theod. Prise. 

diaphoretic : diaphoréticus (S-apo- 
pytixes): Coel. Aur, ‘ 

diaphragm: 1, praecordia, orum, 
n. pl. (used poet. of the vitals generally) : 
Cic.: Plin. Q. septuin transversum, 
Cels. 3, diaphragma, Atis, n. (6a- 
paywa): Coel. Aur. 4, disseptum : 
Macr. 

diarrhoea: _ 1. alvi proflivium, 
or profiluvium alone, Cels. Q, alvi 
profusiv, Cels. 3, fluor, Oris, ™m. =: 
Cels. Phr.: he has d., alvus ei resol- 
vitur, Cels.: to check d., alvum fusam 
firmare, Cels. (in R. and A.). In Cic. 
diarrhoea is written as a Greek word, 
dap »poia. 

ary; commentarii diurni, diarium : 

v. JOURNAL, DAYBOOK. 

diatessaron : diitessaron: Lewy da 
reccapwv Xopowv apHovia : Vitr. 

atonic: diatdnicus, Mart. Capell. 

Phr.: the d. scale, diatoni, orum, Vitr. : 
septem discrimina vocum, Virg. A. 6, 
646. 

diatribe: libellus (gen. term): Vv. 
DISPUTATION, TREATISE. 

dibble (subs.): nv word known: the 
pastinum and capreolus were Sorked im- 
plements. 

dice (subs.): |, The cubes used in 
gambling: tali: v. Dice. = [Il,_ The 
game: alea: V. GAMBLING. 

dice (v.): talis, tesseris ludere ; aleam 
exercere: V. TO GAMBLE. 

dice-board : 1, abacus, m.: 
Macrob. 9, alveus, and alveus luiso- 
rius, Plin.: Val. Max. 3, alvedlus, 
Varr. : Cic. 4, tabula: Juv. 

dice-box : 1, fritillus, Juv.: 
Mart. 2. phimus (a Greek word: 
guos): Hor. 3, orca (of a round 
shape): Pers. (For pyrgus, see Dr. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.) 

dicer ; aleator: v. GAMBLER. 

dicing: alea: v. GAMBLING. 

dictate (v-): |. Zo prescribe 
with authority : 1. dicto, 1 (not in 
Cic.): thus reason seems to d., ita vide- 
tur ratio d., Quint. 2, praescribo, 3: 
Vv. TO PRESCRIBE. 93, praceo, 1Vi 
ii, itum, 4 t”’7. (more freq. in sense 1p 
to d. to any one by word of mouth what 
verdict he should give, voce pr. alicui 
quid judicet, Cic. 4, impéro, 1 : these 
terms the victor d.s, haec victor hostis 
imp., Liv.: v. TO COMMAND. Phir: 
to d. terms of peace, pacis conditiones di- 
cere, Liv.: would that your heart d.d 
that expression, utinam ex animo istuc 
verbum diceres, Ter.: d.d by a grate- 





ful und generous spirit, grato animo 


liberalique profectum, Brut. ad Cic.: I 
have a right to d. to you, not you to mé, 
meum imperium in te, non in me tibi est 
Pl. ||, To pronounce what another 
is to write or repeat : 1, dicto, 1 (the 
usu. sense of the word): Cic.: to d. @ 
letter, epistolam d., Suet. : Hor. oe 
praeeo, 4 (esp. of religious forms) : 
come then, Pontifex, d. the words, 
agedum, Pontifex, praei_ verba, Liv.: 
d. what you wish, praei verbis quid 
vis, Ter. 

dictate (subs.) : praescriptum (v- 
DICTATION), impérium, jussum, prae- 
ceptum : V. DIRECTION, ORDER, BIDDING. 

dictation : |. The act of dictat- 
ing for another to write : 1, dictatio, 
Paul. dig. (May also be used for that 
uhich is dictated : whence dictatiuncila, 
a short d., Hier.) Q. expr. by verb: 
to write from d., dictata exscribere, dic- 
tantem sequi: v. TO DICTATE. Il. 
Authoritative command : 1, arbi- 
trium: to live at thed. of others, ad ali- 
orum arbitrium vivere, Cic. : V. DISCRE- 
TION, PLEASURE, WILL. 2, praescriptum 
(anything definitely laid down): to act 
according to d., ex praescripto agere, 
Caes. Phr.: tolive according to others’ 
d., alieno more vivere, ‘Ter. 

dictator : dictator, Cic. : Liv. Phr.: 
to be d., dictaturam gerere: V. DICTA 
TORSHIP 


ln Pa 


DICTATORIAL 





DIFFER 





dictatorial: |. Pertaining to a 
dictater, diczatorius, Liv. I]. Over- 
bearing: arrégans, impériosus: v. IM- 
PEBRIOUS. ak 

dictatorship or dictature: dicta- 
tira: to assume the d., dictaturam inire, 
Liv.: to abdicate the d., dictaturam ab- 
dicare (or dictatura se ab., Vv. TO ABDI- 
caTE), Liv.; abire dictatura, Liv.: to 
hold the d., dictaturam gerere, Liv. 

diction: |. Utterance: dictio (in 
oblique cases, ger. of dico): ‘Ter. Cic. : 
Vv. SPEAKING. Il. Style: dictio, di- 
cendi genus: Vv. STYLE. 

dictionary: 1. *lexicon, i (strictly 
a Gk. word): M. L. (as Forcell. “ totius 
Latinitatis 1.”): v. Lexicon. — 2, glos- 
sarium (of rare or antiquated words) : 
Gell. 3, thésaurus (a storehouse of 
information: cf. Plin. N. H. pref. 17: 
suitable word to denote a full, exhaust- 
ive d.,as the Thesaurus of Stephanus). 

4, Ondmasticon, i.e. A VOCABU- 

LARY, q. Vv. 

didactic: didascilicus (rare): a d. 
composition, d. opusculum, Auson. Ep. 
17: Accius ap. Gell. 3, 11 (tide). 2. 
protrepticus (smpotpemtixos): Auson. 
Phr.: to kin a d. vein, *docentis 
modo loqui; sicut praeceptor (magister) 
dicere. 

didactically ; docentis modo: v. 
preced. art. (fin.). 

didapper: mergus: v. DIVER. 

die (subs.): |. A cube of any 
kind: quadrantal, tesséra, cubus: v. 
CUBE. I]. For gaming: ], talus 
(dimin. taxillus, Cic.): to throw the dice, 
talos jacere, Cic.; jactare, Suet.: to 
stake a shilling on each d., singulos de- 
narios in singulos t. in medium conferre, 
Suet.: to obtain by a throw of the dice, 
talis sortiri, Hor.: to play at dice, talis 
ludere, Plin. Q. tesséra (a diff. kind 
of die, and played with ina diff. way: 
v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s.v.): to throw 
the dice, tesseras jacere, Cic.: Gell. 3. 
aléa (dice as a game): to play at d., 
alef ludere, Cic.; aleam ludere, Suet.: 
the d. is cast, jacta est alea, Caes.: to 
lose at d., in alea perdere, Cic. Phr.: 
to make the best throw at dice, (talis), 
Venerem (or basilicum) mittere, Suet. ; 
jactare, Pl.; jacere, Pl.: to make the 
worst d., vulturium, canem or caniculam 
jacere, v. THROW (subs.) |||, Kor stamp- 
ing: perh. character, eris, m.: V. STAMP. 


die (v.): |. Lit.: to expire: 
1, morior, mortuus sum, 3: we 


must surely d., moriendum certe est, 
Cic.: tod. of any disease (“a natural 
death”), morbo m., Nep.: d. of starva- 
tion, inedia m., Plin.; fame m., Petron. 
Hence comps, (1) démérior, to die off, 
die with reference to others: chiefly 
used in p. part. (v. DECEASED): (2) €md- 
rior (to die quickly, die out of hand): to 
die a valiant death, em. per virtutem, 
Sall.: Cic.: to d. of laughter, risu em., 
Ter.: (3) praemorior (to die prema- 
turely: rare), Ov.: (4) immorior (to die 
tn): to die in your arms, ut manibus 
immoriar tuis, Sen. 2. dbeo, ivi and 
li, itum, 4, #7.: esp. with mortem, Cic. ; 
diem supremum, Nep.; diem suum, 
Sulp. in Cic.; or diem alone, Suet.: also 
absol. (esp. poet.): to d. of joy, gaudio 
ob, Vlin.: with thee cheerfully would I 
d., tecum obeam libens, Hor.: to d. of 
disease, morbo obire, Plin.: Liv. Be 
excedo, ssi, ssum, 3: esp. with vita, e 
vita, Cic.; also absol., lac.: Suet. 4, 
décédo, ssi, ssum, 3: with de vita, or 
quite as often absol.: my father d.d on 
the 24th Nov., pater nobis decessit a. d. 
VIII. Kal. Dec., Cic.: to d. of indiges- 
tion, cruditate contracta d., Quint. (N.B. 
This and the preceding word are often 
preferred to morior, by euphemism.) 

5, occumbo, ciibui, itum, 3 (esp. of 
dying in active service, meeting death) : 
with morter>, or morte, Cic.: also ab- 
sol., to d. witn honour, honeste oc., Cic. : 
with morti, Virg. 6, oppéto, ivi and 
li, tum, 3 (similar to occumbv): with 
mortem, or later absol.: to d. for the 
safety of the Rvman_people, pro salute 
F, R. mortem op., Cic.: absol., Virg.: 





Tac. 7. exstinguor, nctus, 3 (to be 
cut off suddenly): when heat is destroyed 
we d., exstincto calore, occidimus ipsi et 
exstinguimur, Cic.: Ov.: v. TO CUT OFF, 
TO BE. 8. finio, 4 (only late): Tibe- 
rius d.d in his 78th year, T. finivit oc- 
lavo et septuagesimo aetatis anno, Tac. 
9, exeo, ivi and fi, itum, 4, t77.: 
with de vita, e vita, Cic.: v. TO DEPART, 
DECEASE. (N.B. Of the above, morior, 
emorior, occumbo, oppeto, are used of 
dying a violent death.) Phr.: [If I 
should d,. (euphemistically), si quid 
mihi hnmanitus accidisset, Cic.: to d., 
inter homines agere desinere, T'ac.: may 
I d. if I know, ne vivam (moriar, dis- 
peream), si scio, Cic.; to d. a natura! 
death, naturae satisfacere (pay the debt | 
of nature), Cic.; concedere, Sall.: if by 
disease, morbo consumi, Nep.; morbo 
absumi, Sall.; opprimi (if suddenly), 
Cic.: tod. by ones own hand, sibi mor- 
tem (necem) consciscere, Caes. (v. SUI- 
cre): that has d.d (not been slaugh- 
tered), morticinus, Varr. ||. To perish, 
waste away: 1, morior, 3: lest the 
memory of the man should d., ne ho- 
minis memoria moreretur, Cic. > 
émorior, 4 (to die out): whose praise 
cannot d., quorum laus em. non potest, | 
Cic. 3. péreo, 4, 77.: V. TO PERISH. 
. labor, 3: TO DECAY. ll. 
Fig.: tod. of love for: 1, dépéreo, 
4, irr. (with acc.): Ter.: Vv. TO LOVE. 
. demirior, 3 (also with acc. : 
rare): PI. 3, misere, perdite amo: 
Pl.: Ter.: v. TO LOVE. IV. Zo die 
away; fade away: 1. cado, cécidi, 
casum, 3 (esp. of wind): the wind com- 
pletely dd away, venti vis omnis ceci- 
dit, Liv.: Ov. Q. péreo, 4, t7.: V. 
TO WASTE AWAY. 3, dépéreo, 4, irr.: 
how soon the colours d. away, quam cito 
d. colores, Tib.: the fruits d. away 
altogether, in totum poma 4., Plin. 4. 
Of sounds: (?) conticesco, ticui, 3: Vv. 
SILENT, TO BECOME, 
diet (subs.) : |. Food: cibus, vic- 
tus: v. FOOD. II. Prescribed and re- 
gulated food: 1, diaeta(more compre- 
hensive than the Eng.): to treat oneself 
uith d. (opp. to surgery), diaeta curari, 
Cic. 3! victiis ratio: complaints 
which are best treated by d., quibus vic- 
tus r.maxime subvenit, Cels. 3, expr. 
in various ways by cibus: the body is 
strengthened by exercise and attention 
to d., corpus validius fit exercitatione et 
lege quadam ciborum, Quint.: to sus- 
pend a prescribed d., remittere ciborum 
necessitatem, Quint.: observatio cibo- 
Tum, Quint. 
diet (v.): cibos praescribo; certa 
ciborum (victiis) ratione curo, medeor: 
v. preced, art. 
diet (subs.): imperial: *conventus 
principum : ef Germany, conventus im- 
perii Germanici, Kr. 
dietetic: diaetéticus: d. treatment, 
curatio d.,Coel. Aur. Pir.: diaetetics, 
diaetetica, ae, f.: Cels.: ov, diaetetice, 
és, f.: Coel. Aur.; ea medicinae pars 
quae victu curat, medetur: v. DIET 
(subs.). 
i 1. 


differ : , To be unlike: 
différo, distiili, dilatum, differre, 3 (with 
abl. of respect in which): to d. in word, 
in name, in reality, verbo, vocabulo, re 
d., Cic.: to d. from any one, ab aliquo 
d,, Cic.: rarely dat., to d. from prose, 
sermoni d., Hor.: to d. from each other, 
inter se d., Caes. 9, discrépo, ui, 1 
(constr. usu. like differo): to d. from 
any one in anything, a. ab aliquo [in] 
aliqua re, Cic.: also with dat. of person, 
Cic. 3, disto, 1 (pres. and imperf. 
only: to d. from, absol.; not as the 
foregoing, often with the particular 
mode or vespect of difference men- 
tioned): to d. vastly from anything, 
ab aliqua re plurimum d., Cic.: (these 
things) d. greatly from each other, 
multum distant inter se, Cic. Also 
with dat., Hor. 4, dissideo, sédi, ses- 
sum, 2 (implying opposition, inconsist- 
ency): rashness d.s widely from wis- 
dom, temeritas a sapientia d. plurimum, 
Cic.: v. TO DISAGREE. 5, intérest, 








| soles hac de re ame d., Cic. 


DIFFERENTLY 








fuit, esse (impers. only): they do not @. 
in the slightest degree, ne minimum qui- 
dem inter eos interest, Cic.: Vv. DIFFER 
ENCE. 6. abhorreo, ul, 2 (to be alien, 
abhorrent from): rashness so great as 
not tod. much from madness, temeritas 
tanta ut non procul ab. ab insania, Cic. : 
V. INCONSISTENT, TO BE. Il. Zu dis- 
agree: 1. discrépo, 1 (lit. to jar, be 
out of tune): philosophers d. alout cer- 
tain matters, philosophi de quibusdam 
rebus d., Cic : to d. from any one in 
words, cam aliquo verbis d., Cic.: to d, 
Jrom (any one’s) pluns, a consillis d., 
Cic.: rarely with dat., Cic. 2. dis- 
sideo, 2: who d. only on one point, qui 
de re una solum d., Cic.: Vv. TO DISAGREE. 

8, dissemtio, sensi, sensum, 4: you 
are wont to d. from me on this point, 


4, dis- 
cordo, V. TO DISAGREE. 
difference : |. Unlikeness, dis- 
tinction: 1, diffé-entia (esp. in scien- 
tific or philosoph. tanguage): the d. be- 
tween the honourable and the becoming, 
honesti et decori d., Cic.: d. of place, 
time, locoram temporumque @, Quint. 
Q. discrimen, Inis, n. (the result of 
a judgment): V. DISTINCTION. 3. dis- 
tantia (esp. when the difference is 
strongly marked: v. ConTRAST): the 
greatest possible d., tanta, quanta maxi- 
ma potest esse d., Cic. 4, diversitas: 
Vv. DIVERSITY, VARIETY. 5, very 
often expr. with intérest (v. TO DIFFER, 
1.,5): there is this d. between a man and 
a brute, inter hominem et beluam hoc 
maxime int., Cic.: what a d. there is, 
quantum int., Cic.: also personally, 
there is this d. between a father and a 
master, hoc pater ac dominus int., ‘ler. - 
also with dat., Hor. Esp. when a clause 
follows: it makes no d. whether... , 
nihil (multum, plurimum) int. utrum. . 
an..., Cic. Phr.: thereis nod. be- 
tween god and god, nihil inter deum et 
deum differt, Cic.: what d. does it make 
whether the birds feed or not ? aves pas- 
cantur necne quid refert? Cic. ll. 
Difference of opinion : 1, discrépan- 
tia: d. between the Stoics and Peripa- 
tetics, d. inter Stoicos et Peripateticos, 
Cie.: Vv. DISAGREEMENT. 2, dissen- 
sio: d. of opinion on the subject of law, 
(summa) de jure d., Cic.: V. DISAGREE- 
MENT. Phr.: there isa d. of opinion 
among authors, discrepat, non constat, 
non (Satis) convenit inter scriptores, 
Liv. (v. TO AGREE): nor ts there any d, 
of opinion about (A. Cornelius) having 
been dictator that year, nec discrepat 
quin dictator eo anno fuerit, Liv.: there 
is a d. between the authorities, inter auc- 
tores discrepat, Liv. 


different: |. Notthesame: 1, 
diversus: at irregular times and by d 


routes, incertis temporibus d.que itiner- 
ibus, Caes.: the consuls march in d@ 
directions, diversi discedunt consules, 
Liv. 9. alius repeated: Living in d, 
uvays: alius alio more viventes, Sall.: 
see L. G. ¢§ 629. 3, varius: v. Va- 
RIOUS. I]. Not like : ]. dispar 
(v. Sil. 8, 570), -piris (mot matching 
or harmonising with: with gen., dat., 
inter and pron. refl.): d. from itself, 
d. sui, Cic.: others d. to these, bis alli 
d., Cic.: d. from each other, inter se 
dispares, Cic. 9, alius (for constr., 
see L.G.§ 630): very d. is the light of the 
sun and of lamps, \ux longe a. est solis et 
lychnorum, Cic.: very d. are my feelings, 
longe alia mens est, Sall.: (that) the 
deities seemed to have become d, (altere 

from what they had been, dii alli facta 


viderentur, Liv. 3. miutatus: v. 
CHANGED. 4, dissimilis,e: v. CN- 
LIKE. 5, expr. by discrépo, différo 
(v. TO DIFFER, |.) : V. TO DIFFER. 

differential:  ‘“*differtutialis, e: 
Math. ¢. f. 


differentiate: discerno, sécerno: v. 
TO DISTINGUISH. 


differently: 1, Aliter: v. oTHER- 
wise. Esp. in combination with alius 


(see L. G. § 629). it is d. treated by 

(different) medical men, aliter ab aliis 

curatur, Cels.: Liv. Simly., alio 
207 


DIFFERING 





modo, alio more, V. DIFFERENT (1.) 
2. varié, diversé: v. VARIOUSLY, 


DIVERSELY. 3, sécus: v. OThFR- 
WISE. 

differing: 1, dissimilis, e: v. 
DISSIMILAR, 9, dissonus: nations d. 


in language and manners, gentes scr- 
mone moribusque d., Liv.: v. DIF- 
FERENT. 

difficult: 1. difficilis, e: it isd. 
to say, difficile est dictu, Cic.: v. HARD. 
Join: (res) arduae ac difficiles, Cic. 
(v. inf.) ; difficiles et obscurae, con- 
tortae (intricate) et d. (of arr 
Cic. Very d., perdifficilis, Cic. F 
arduus (lit., steep; very d.): d. to do, 
arduum factu, Liv.: Cic. (v. supr.). 

8. impéditus (blocked up, pre- 

senting obstacles): the more d. route, 
impeditius iter, ‘l'ac.: Caes. 4, mag- 
nus (with words like opus): Join: 
opus magnum et arduum, Cic.: also 
absol., it is a d. Viing, Magnum est 
(with 7inf.), Cic. Simly., how d., so d., 
may be expr. by quantus, tantus: v. 
GREAT (HOW, SO). Phr.: so d. was it, 
taniae molis erat, Virg.: 7f would not 
be at all d., nihil est negotii (with 
inf.), Caes.: V. DIFFICULTY. 
difficulty: |, Avduousness: 1, 
difficultas: the d. and toil of learning, 
d. laborque discendi, Cic. 2. as- 
péritas (roughness, danger): the d. of 
the war, belli asp., Sall. 8, angustiae, 
arum (straits): Cic. 4. moles, is, 
f. (implying great effort ; chiefly poet.) : 
Iwill transport the ships without much 
d., transveham naves haud magna mole, 
Liv.: Virg. 5, négotium: without 
any d, nullo negotio, Cic. : v. DIFFICULT 
(phr.), TROUBLE. Phr.: with d., (1) 
vix: either with d., or not at ali, aut 
vix aut nullo modo, Cic.: J with d. 
refrain, ego vix teneo me, Cic.: Caes.: 
(2) aegre : to be separated with d., aegre 
divelli, Cic.: Caes.: v. HARDLY: (3) 
difficilé: with very great d., difficillime, 
Caes.: Cic.: (4) difficulter (rare): Caes. : 
Tac.. (5) with very great d., perdif- 
ficiliter, Cic. [|]. That which is ar- 
duous, or demands labour : 1, dif- 
ficultas: this contains a great d., hoc 
habet magnam d., Cic.: to get into ds, 
in difficultates delabi, Cic. 2. an- 
gustiae, arum: d.s of ground, an. lo- 
corum, Nep.: to bring into d.s, in an. 
compellere, Cic.: v. STRAITS. 8. im- 
pédimentum (an obstacle of any kind) : 
to overcome the d.s presented by nature, 
impedimenta naturae superare, Cic.: v. 
HINDEANCE, OBSTACLE. 4. Opus, éris, 
m.: V. WORK. 5, scripilus (ef a 
galling, harassing kind): the stings 
and d.s of domestic caves, aculei et s. 
domesticarum sollicitudinum, Cic. Phr.: 
to look for d.s where there are none, 
nodum in scirpo quaerere, Ter.. to fall 
into d.s, in angustum venire, Cic.: to 
make a d. (about doing a thing) gra- 
vari (either absol. or with injin.), Cic. 
Vv. TO REFUSE): to be in d.s, laborare 
Me g. de pecunia), Cic. Il]. #m- 
barrassment ; esp of a pecuniary Icind : 
difficultas (pecuniae), Cic.: v. EM- 
BARRASSMENT. |V, An objection started 
to a theory: scrupulus (?): V. OBJECTION. 

diffidence: |. “zstrust (q. v.): 
diffidentia: Cic. |]. Modesty: vére- 
cundia, piidor: v. BASHFULNESS, MO- 
DESTY. 

diffident: |. Mistrustful: dif- 
fidens, ntis: doubting and d. myself, 
dubitans et mihi ipse d., Cic.: Suet.: v. 
DISTRUSTFUL. fj, Modest: véreécundus, 
timidus: v. BASHFUL, MODEST. 

diffidently : diffidenter : 
timide ac diffidenter, Cic. 
BASHFULLY, MODESTLY. 

diffuse (v-): 1. diffundo, fidi, 
fisum, 3: the blood is d.d by the veins 
into every part of the body, sanguis 
per venas in omne corpus diffunditur, 
Cic. 9. fundo, 3: v. TO PouR. 3. 
(in pass. sense, to be d.d), permeo, 1: 
y. TO PERMEATE. Join: permeare 
et transire, Cic. Phr.: the moisture 
is d.d, diffluit humor, Luc.: mind is 
dd through the limbs and vivifies the 

208 


Join: 
See also 


DIGEST 


mass, infusa per artus, mens agitat 
molem, Virg.: @ divine influence is 
d.d over the whole world, vis quaedam 
divina toto confusa mundo est, Cic. (v. 
TO BLEND): to d. the blessings of peace, 
bona pacis circumferre, Vell. : Plin.: 
to d. an odour, odorem fundere, Plin.; 
spargere odorem, Hor. (v. TO SPREAT 
ABROAD): to d. brightness, nitorem cir 
cumfundere, Quint.: vicious nobles d. 
their vices over a state, vitiosi principes 
vitia infundunt in civitatem, Cic.: the 
poison was d.d through all the limbs 
venenum cunctos artus pervasit, ‘l’ac.: 
to be widely d.d, longe lateque fluere, 
Cic. 

diffuse (adj.): 1, fasus (in Cic. 
an epithet of praise; applicable to a 
Sree, flowing style: de Or. 2, 38, 159): 
the sense of the Eng. may be given by 
an adv., as nimis fusus; or by the 
compar., fusior: v. L. G. § 351. Pe 
diffisus (also used without censure) : 
an expanded, d. style, dilatata et d. 
oratio, opp. to angusta atque concisa, 
Cic. Or. 56, 187. 3, verbosus: v. VER- 
BOSE. 4, rédundans (with excess 
of epithets and illustration): Join: 
parum pressus et redundans, Cic.; re- 
dundans et superfluens, Cic. Phr.: to 
become d. (of style), fluere, Cic.: less d., 
pressior, Plin. Ep. 

diffusely : 1, éffuse : 
too d., effusius dicere, Plin. 2. pirum 
pressé: Vv. CONCISELY. 3. rédun- 
danter (v. DIFFUSE, 4): Plin. Ep. 4. 
| fusius, latius, amplius (the compar. im- 
plying excess: L. G. § 351): i. e. too 
COPIOUSLY (q. V.). 5, verbosé: v. 
VERBOSELY. Phr.: to speak too d., re- 
dundare ac superfluere oratione, based 
on Cic. 

diffuseness: oratio parum pressa, 
orationis genus redundans atque super- 
fluens, verbosum : v. DIFFUSE. 

diffusion: diffiisio, Sen. But usu 
better expr. by verb: by the d. of the 
blood through the veins, *sanguine per 
venas diffuso: v. TO DIFFUSE. 

dig: 1, fddio, fodi, fossum, 3: to 
d. a garden, bortum f., Pl.: to d. the 
jields, arva f., Ov.: to d. wells, puteos f, 
€aes, Absol., he dis; he jinds a con- 
siderable (quantity) of gold, fodit; in- 
venit auri aliquantum, Cic. Also, to d. 
up: to d. up silver, argentum f., Liv. 
Also comps. (1.) infédio, 3 (to dig 
in): the place must be dug (in) toa 
depth of two feet, locus alte duos pedes 
infodiendus est, Col. (2.) effddio, 3 
(to d. out): to d. out silver (and) gold, 
argentum, aurum eff., Cic.: to d. out 
a lake, lacum eff., Suet.: v. TO EXcCa- 
VATE. (3.) confédio, 3 (to dig up): to 
dig up a garden, hortum cont., Pl. : 
Col. (4.) defédio, 3 (sim. to confodio) : 
to dig up the earth, terram d., Hor.: 
Virg. (5.) circumfédio, 3 (to d. round) : 
to d. round trees, arbores cire., Plin.: 
Sen. (6.) perfodio, 3 (to d. through) : 
to d. throvgh walls, parietes p., Cic. 
(7.) réfddio, 3 (to d. up again): Col.: 
Plin. 2. érno, ui, itum, 3 (to d. up 
with violence): to d. up a dead body, 
mortuum e., Cic.: to d. up by the roots, 
radicituse., Plin. Phr.: tod. (any one) 
in the ribs, latus alicui fodicare (al. 
fodere), Hor. 

digamma: digamma, itis, n.; di- 
gammon, i, 7., digammos, i, /. (sc. litera) : 
Quint.: Prisc.: Serv. 

digest (subs.): digesta, orum (only 
found in pl., and of leyal d.s): Gell: 
esp. = pandectae, Just. Cod. 

digest (v-.): |. To arrange : il 
digéro, gessi, gestum, 3: to d. and clas- 
sify the civil law into kinds, jus civile 
in genera d., Cic. Q. dispono, 3: v. 
TO ARRANGE, SET IN ORDER. I]. With 
ref. to food; to assimilate : 1, con- 
céquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to dissolve, turn to 
chyle): to d. by the heat of the stomach, 
stomachi calore c., Cic.: food very easy 
to d., cibus facillimus ad concoquendum, 
Cic. Less freq., céquo: d.’d food, cibus 
coctus, Cic. 2. digéro, 3 (lit., to dis- 
tribute through the system) that (the 
Sood) may be more easily d.’d, quo facil - 


to speak 











DIGRESSION 





Vins (cibi) digerantur, Quint 3, di- 
diico, xi, ctum, 3 (like digero): to d, 
food, cibum d.,- Cels. 4, conficio, 
feci, fectum, 3: Quint.: Plin. Wh. 
Fig.: to consider maturely: concoquo, 
3: Cic.: Sen. Phr.: well dd reading, 
lectio [non cruda sot] multa iteratione 
mollita et velut confecta, Quint. Io, 1, 
1g: in the same context Quint. has, 
(quae legimus) repetere et tractare. 
IV, To brook : concéquo, 3: to d. 
any one’s hatred, alicujus odia c., Cic. . 
v. TO PUT UP WITH. 
digestible: quod facile concoqui 
potest, facilis ad concoquendum : v. TO 
DIGEST (digestibilis only in Coel. Aur.). 
digestion: |. Arrangement: di- 
gestio, dispdsitio: v. ARRANGEMENT 
I]. The alimentary process: 1. 
concoctio: fruit difficult of d., fructus 
difficilis concoctioni, Plin. 2. ai- 
gestio: a good d., facilisd., Quint. 3, 
coctio: TVlin. 4, digestus, iis, m.= 


Macr. Phr.: with a bad d., crudus, 
Cic. 

digestive: 1. digestorius: Plin. 
Valer.: Mare. Empir. 2, pepticus: 
Plin. 8. coctivus (all late, and in- 


admissible in classical Latinity). Phr. : 
the d. organs, alvus, i, f.: Cic.: v- 
BOWELS. 
digger: fossor: Hor. (or imperf. 
part. of fodio: esp. in pl: v. L. G. 
§ 638). 
digging (subs.): 1, fossio: Cic. 
5 fossira: Col.: Suet. (But usu, 
better expr. by verb: y. To DIG.) 
dight: insignis, distinctus, etc.: v. 
ADORNED. 
digit: obsol. except in sense of any 
number under 10: *infra decem nu- 
merus. 
digitated: digitatus: Plin. 
dignified : ], gravis, e: d. with 
out arrogance, gr. sine arrogantia, Cic. 
Q. augustus: Vv. MAJESTIC. ae 
amplus: y. DISTINGUISHED. Phr.: in 
a d. manner, graviter, cum dignitate, 
Cic.: v. DIGNITY. 
dignify : |. Zo raise to distinc 
tion: hdnesto, héndro: v. TO HONOUR, 
PROMOTE. I. Zo shed lustre upon : 
illustro, Cic.: v. TO GRACE. 
dignitary : *clericus qui ampliorem 
dignitatis gradum consecutus est, R. 
and A. (Plin. has dignitates in concrete 
sense, dignitates mentiri non piget.) 
ignity : |. High position : 
dignitas (of any position which carries 
weight and influence): to raise from a 
humble station to the highest d., ex 
humili loco ad summam d. perducere, 
Caes.: Cic.: v. RANK. 2, amplitido, 
inis, 7. (stronger than preced.; nigh dis- 
tinction): Cic.: Vv. DISTINCTION, a: 
hénos or -or, Oris, m.: V. HONOUR. s 
fastigium: v. EMINENCE. Il. An air 
of authority and grace : 1. dignitas: 
d. of form, formae d., Suet.: to preserve 
d. in difficult circumstances, in rebus 
asperis d. retinere, Cic.: totally to lack 
d.,nullam d. habere,Cic. 2, majestas: 
what d. there uae in his speech, quanta 
illi fuit gravitas, quanta in oratione 
m. ! Cic.: the d. and modesty (of women), 
m. et pudor, Liv.: v. MAJESTY. rs 
décor, Oris, m.: ¥. GRACE. Fhr.: to 
fall with d., honeste occumbere, Cic.; 
honeste cadere, Suet.: to act with d., 
graviter agere, Cic. 
digress: 1. digrédior, gressus, 3 
(not de-): let us return to the point 
whence we d.d, eo unde huc digressi 
sumus revertamur, Cic.: to d. for the 
sake of amusement, deiectandi causa d. 
(parumper) de causa, Cic. Q. déclino, 
1: whence I d.d, unde huc declinavit 
oratio, Cic.: Quint. 8, aberro, 1 (to 
wander from the point unintentimial'y) = 
let us return to the point we d.’d from, 
redeat unde aberravit oratio, Cic.: v. TO 
WANDER. 4. diverto, ti, sum, 3: fo 
d. to a point, in aliquid d., Plin.. Cic. 
5, déflecto, xi, xum, 3: with sub- 
ject oratio, Cic. 6. égrédior, gressus, 





3 (rare): Cic.: Quint. 7. évagor, I 
Vv. TO WANDER. © 
digression: 1, digressio: that aq 


=. 


DIGRESSIVE 


Y yours, ista tua [a proposita oratione} 
d., Cic.: Quint. (who has also digressus, 
iis). 2. déclinatio (rare): Cic. ny 
déverticilum (esp. of what is interesting 
and amusing): to be on the look out for 
d.’s pleasant to the veader, legentibus 
[velut] amoena d. quaerere, Liv. 4, 
excessus, fis, m.: Plin.: Quint. 5. 
excursio and excursus, ts, m.: Quint. 
Phr.: to make a d. from a subject, 
alicunde digredi, declinare, etc.: v. TO 
DIGRESS. 

digressive: expr. by verbs under 
TO DIGKESS (q. V.): a d. writer, *qui 
Saepius a proposita oratione digreditur, 
etc. 


digressively: Phr.: to talk d., 
errare et vagari longius in dicendo, Cic. : 
V. DIGRESSION, TO DIGRESS. 

dijudicate: jtidico, dijiidico, 1: v. 
TO DECIDE. 

dike: |. A ditch: fossa: v. DITCH. 

|l. A mound of earth: agger, Eris, 


m.: V. MOUND. Il. A stone fence: 
macéria: v. FENCE, WALL. 

dilacerate: linio, lactro: v. To 
LACERATE. 


dilapidated (part. adj.): 1, 
ruinosus (in a stute of decay, or actu- 
ally in ruins): d. houses, r. aedes, Cic. : 
Sen.: Ov. 2. collapsus (strictly, that 
has fallen in): temples d. from an- 
tiquity, aedes sacrae vetustate c., Suet. 

3. puter, tris, tre: the d. temple 
of Vacuna, Vacunae p. fanum, Hor.: 
V. DECAYED, MOULDERING. 4, obsi- 
létus (lit. disused): Hor. Phr.: to 
become d.,collabi, putrescére (v. TO DE- 
CAY, FALL): to build temples with the 
materials of other d. temples, ruinis 
templorum templa aedificare, Liv. 
Fig.: I say nothing of your d. for- 
tunes, praetermitto ruinas fortunarum 
tuarum, Cic.: v. RUIN, RUINED. (N.B. 
By no means dilapidatus.) 

dilapidation : |. Demolition : 
Tuina: V. DEMOLITION, DESTRUCTION. 
Phr.: i a state of d., ruindsus, Cic. 

[I]. Fig.: of fortunes, etc.: ruina, 
Cic.: v. RUIN. 

dilatation: dilatatio: Tert. Phr.: 
to suffer d., dilatari, Cic.: Plin.: v. Ex- 
PANSION, EXTENSION. 

dilate: |. To expand (physically) : 

1, dilato, 1: opp. to contraho: v. 
TO ENLARGE. In intrans. sense, dilator 
(or dilato with pron. refl.), Cic. 2. 
laxo, 1: Vv. TO EXPAND. |], Zo en- 
large upon: dilato, 1: TO ENLARGE, 
AMPLIFY. 

dilatorily: cunctanter, Liv.: Suet. 
See also TARDILY, SLOWLY. 

dilatoriness : 1, tarditas: v. 
SLOWNESS. 2, ignavia (of any kind 
of backwardness): v. SLOTH. 
cunctatio (strictly, the act of delaying): 
to lose an object by d., cunctatione et 
tarditate aliquid amittere, Cic. (The 
pl. may be used to denote the abstract 
quality, cf. L.G.§ 591.) Phr.: by d., 
cunctando, Virg. 

dilatory: 1, cunctabundus: Liv. : 
Tac. 2. ignavus: v. INACTIVE, 
SLOTHFUL. 8, lentus (esp. of one 
who takes things coolly): v. stow. 
Par.: to be d., cessare, Ter.: Hor. (v. 
TO IDLE, LOITER): & d. person, dilator, 
Hor.; cunctator, Coel. ap. Cic.; Liv. ; 
cessator, Cic. 

dilemma: |. Logical: |, di- 
lemma, atis, n. (Gr. dAeupa): Serv. ad 
Aens:) Ms L: complexio, Cic. 
(“complexio est in qua utrum con- 
cesseris, reprehenditur,” Inv. 1, 29, 45: 
but dilemma is to be preferred as logical 
z. t.). 8. biceps argimentum, Apul. 

4, syllogismus cornutus, Hier. Il. 
A difficulty: angustiae, arum: v. 
STRAIT, DIFFICULTY. Phr.: to be in a 
d., haerére, Cic.; haerere in salebra, 
Cic. 

dilettante: *qui artibus elegant- 
foribus animi causa studet; elegans 
artificiorum existimator, spectator. 


dilettantism: ¢légantiae (?): v. 
REFINEMENT. 

iligence : 1, diligentia (care 
and wt 





DIM 


hibere, colere, Cic.: to relax d. in study, 
d. in perdiscendo remittere, Caes, 2. 
industria; Cic.: Nep.: Suet.: v. m- 
pbusTrY. Join: diligentia industri- 
aque, Cic. 3. assiduitas (constant, 
untiring attention): to attain an object 
by d. and energy, assiduitate et virtute 
aliquid consequi, Cic.: v. ASSIDUITY, 
ATTENTION. 4, sédiilitas (zealous, 
Jaithful devotion to an object): Join: 
operam et sedulitatem (alictijus laudare), 
Cic. ; sedulitas ac diligentia, Suet. 5, 
gnavitas or niavitas: v. ACTIVITY. 
Phr.: to use all one’s d., dare operam 
ut (in negative sentence, ne) . . . , Sall.: 
Cic.; diligenter curare ut (ne), Cic.: v. 
TU DEVOTE (ONESELF). 

diligent: 1, diligens, ntis (care- 
ful, carefully attentive to: usu. with 
gen., also prep.): a very d. student of 
ancient literature, vir literarum dili- 
gentissimus, Gell.: d. writing, assidua 
et diligens scriptura, Cic. assi- 
duus (constantly, untiringly attentive) : 
V. ASSIDUUUS, CONSTANT. 3, indus- 
trius (industrious: q. v.): Join: 
homo gnavus (active) et industrius, 
experientissimus (trying every means) 
et diligentissimus, Cic. 4, sédilus 
(zealously devoted to): d. service, minis- 
terium, opera s., Apul.: Cic. 5. 
gnavus (nayus), impiger: v. ACTIVE. 

6. acer, cris, cre (applicable to any 

vigorous action or feeling): so d. care 
as this, haec tam a. cura atque dili- 
gentia, Cic.: v. vicorous. See also 
ATTENTIVE. 

diligently: 1, diligenter: Cic.: 
Caes.: very d., perdiligenter, Cic. 2). 
sédilo: Liv.: Pl. 8. industrié : 
Join: diligenter industrieque admin- 
istrare, Caes.: v. INDUSTRIOUSLY. 4. 
acriter: Vv. VIGOROUSLY. 


dill: anéthum (*graveolens, L.): 
Plin.: Virg. 
diluent: J. Adj.: quod diluit, 


dilutum facit: v. "0 DILUTE. I. 
Subst.: *diluens remedium, Krauss 
in R. and A. 

dilute: 1, diluo, lui, litum, 3: 
to d. poison, venenum d., Liv.: to a. 
wtne, vinum d., Mart.: Virg. 2: 
misceo, tempéro (to combine in due pro- 
portion): v. TO MIX. 8. restinguo, 
nxi, nctum, 3 (poet. of wine): to d. 
(slake) Falernian wine with water, 
Falerni pocula r. lympha, Hor. 

diluted: dilitus: d. Falernian, a. 
Falernum, Mart. Fig.: of weak, feeble 
expression: Gell. 

dilution: |. The act of diluting: 
températio, mixtira: v. MIXTURE. (But 


usu. better expr. by verb: Falernian is | 


pleasanter for d., jucundius est Faler- 
num dilutum: v. TO DILUTE.) I. Zhe 
mixture: dilitum: Plin. 

diluvial; diliivialis, e: Solin. 

dim (ad.): 1, hébés, étis (both 
in act. and pass. sense): an eye natur- 
ally d., oculus natura h., Plin.: a d. 
torch, h. lampas, Stat.: v. DULL. Dy 
obsciirus (only in pass. sense): @ d. 
light, lux obs., Liv.; lumen obs., Sall.: 
Vv. OBSCURE, DARK. 3. languidus: d. 
lights, |. lumina, Plin. Phr.: to bed.: 
(1) hébeo, 2: the planet Venus is d., 
Veneris sidus hebet, Lucan.: Val. FIL. 
(2) langueo, 2 (poet.): the (moon) beam 
is d. and cloudy, nimbosum languet 
jubar, Stat.: Prop.: to become d., (1) 
hébesco, 3: the heavenly bodies grow 
d., hebescunt sidera, Tac.: fig. of the 
eye of the mind, hebescit acies mentis, 
Cic. (2) hébétor, £: v. To pw. (3) 
hébétesco, 3 (late and rare): Plin. (4) 
languesco, 3: the moon seemed suddenly 
to grow d., luna repente visa languescere, 
Tac, (where, however, the reference is 
to an eclipse): the eyes grow d. in 
death, languescunt lumina morte, Cat. 
(5) obsciiror, 1: v. TO DIM. To make 
d., hébéto, 1: v. foll. art. 

dim (e.): 1. hébéto, 1: day had 
dvd the stars, dies hebetarat sidera, Ov. : 
Plin. 2, obsctiro, 1: the light of a 
lamp is d.’d by the light of the sun, 
lumen Incernae obscuratur luce solis, 


ion): to use, study, d., d. ad- | Cie. Fig.: the ag pit was gradu- 


DIMPLE 


ally d.'d, memoria sensim ovscurata est; 
Cic. 3. (sensim) exstinguo, nxi, 
netnm, 3: Vv. TO PUT OvT. 

dim-sighted: lippus (lit. blear- 
eyed): v. Hor. Sat. 1, 3, 25 > more pre- 
cisely, cui bebes est (h bet) oculorum 
acies: v. DIM (adj. and verb). Phr.: to 
be d., caligare, Cels. 

dim-sightedness: caligines, hebe- 
tatio oculorum, Plin.: v. pimness. 

dimension: 1, mensiira: to take 
the d.s of anything, mensuram alicujus 
rei agere, Plin. 2, modus: thed.s in 
depth and breadth, m. altitudinis et 
latitudinis, Col.: Cic. Phr : of ample 
ds, amplus, Cic.: of extraordinary d.s, 
énormis, Suet.: v. MEASURE, MEASURE- 
MENT. 

diminish: |. Trans: 4 
| minuov, ui, itum, 3: tod. expense, Sump- 
tus m., Cic.: tod. the fear of soldiers, 
m. timorem militum, Hirt. Also comps, 
(1.) imminuo, 3 (not perceptibly dif- 
ferent from minuo in this sense): Cic. 
(2.) déminuo, 3 (to take ever so Little 
Jrom: diminuo is to break in pieces ; 
but the MSS. often vary) : lo d. by ever 
so little the brief space of time, aliquid 
de hoc tam exiguo tempore d., Vic. : Liv. 

2, lévo, 1 (in certain connexions only ; 
viz., where weight, value, or dignity are 
concerned): authority ts d.’d by incon- 
sistency, auctoritas levatur inconstantia, 
Cic.: tod. prices (of corn), annonam l., 
Cic.: many promises d. faith, multa 
fidem promissa levant, Hor. Simly, the 
comp. élévo, 1: to d. influence, auctori- 
tatem e., Liv.: to d. fame, famam e., 
Liv. : Cic. 8, exténuo, 1 (to reduce 
to little): to d. any one’s troubles 
(greatly), molestias alicujus ex., Cic.: v. 
TO REDUCE. 4, détraho, xi, ctum, 3 
(to take aught from: hence usu. foll. 
by de or ex and all., or dat.) = to d. the 
sum total (a little), aliquid de summa 
d., Cic.: to d. one’s efforts, aliquantum 
de studio d., Cic.: v. TO DETRACT FROM 

5, lenio, 4 (as of care, pain): v. 

TO EASE, ASSUAGE. |]. Intrans.: 
minuor, imminuor, exténuor, ete.: v. 
supr., and TO DECREASE. 

diminution: 1. imminitio, Cic. 

2. minitio: Quint.: Gell. i 

deminutio: Cic. (But often better 
expr. by verb: his authority has suf- 
Jered d., imminuta est ejus auctoritas, 
etc.: v. TO DIMINISH.) Phr.: d. of 
pain, remissio doloris. Scrib.; for which 
Cic. bas relaxatio, Fin. 2, 29, 95 (v. 
ABATEMENT): d. of taxes, tributi leva- 
mentum, ‘ac. : d. of strength, d@ virium: 
V. DECAY. 

diminutive (a4j.): parvus, piisillus, 





| exiguus: v. SMALL, TINY. In gram 
| deminutivus: v. foll. art. 
diminutive (swis.): 1, nome 


déminiitivum (dim.), Prisc.: also simply 
deminutivum, Prise. 2. déminitum 
(se. nomen): Quint. 

diminutively ; i. e. in the diminu- 
| tive form: *déminiitivé: Ascon. 

dimissory: dimissdrius: only in 
phr. dimissoriae literae, also culled apo- 
stoli: i. e. letters dismissing a case to 
another court: Modest. Dig. 50, 16, 
106. 

dimness: 1, obsciritas: ad. of 
vision, ob. visus, Plin.: also of habitual 
d., in pl.: to cure d. of vision, obscuri- 
tatibus oculorum mederi, Plin.: v. 
| DARKNESS, OBSCURITY. (ObScuratio solis 
in Quint., etc., is actual eclipse.) 9g 
hébétudo (rare): v. DULNESS. 3 
hébé&tatio (rare): tocure d. of eyesight, 
h. oculorum mederi, Plin. 4, caligo, 
inis, f. (a kind of filminess or obscura- 
tion resting on the eyes): d. of sight 
JSollows the drinking of hemlock, cicutam 
potam c. insequitur, Scrib.. esp. in pl., 
of habitual d. of sight: to cure it, 
oculorum caligines sanare, levare, dis- 
cutere, Plin.: a@ d. covered my eyes, ot 
oculos c. stetit, Pl. See also Famnt- 





NESS. 
dimple: 1, ldciina (cf. Ov. A. A. 
3, 283). rounded cheels and ad. in the 


middle of the chin, genae teretes ac 


| medio mento L, Apul. (but the word 


209 


DIMPLED 


DIRECT 


DIRECTOR 





may denote any indentation: q. v.). 

2. gélasinus (yeAacivos: produced 
by laughing): Mart. 

impled:; *suaviter lacunas agens. 
Phr: a cheek that is not d., gena cui 
gelasinus abest, Mart.: v. DIMPLE. 

imply; *suaviter licindsus (Cic. 
uses lacunosus as a term of disparage- 
ment, N. D. 2, 18, 47); suaviter lacunas 


agens; cui gelasinus non deest: v. 
DIMPLE. 
din (subs.): 1, strépitus, is (any 


loud, harsh noise): the d. of wheels, s. 
rotarnm, Caes.: the d. of (the streets of ) 
Rome, s. Romae, Hor.: the d. of war, s. 
belli, Liv. 2 sdnitus, is. the d. of 
arms, s. armorum, Virg.: v. SOUND. 

8. fragor: v. CRASH, NOISE. Phr.: 
to make a d., strepere, Hor.: Liv.: v. 


NOISE. 

din (v.): 1, obstrépo, strépui, 
strépitum, 1 (to baw! out against): Liv. 

2, obtundo, tiidi, tisum, 3 (to beat 
against, into): they d.’d into his ears 
that you had been the praetor’s confede- 
rate, obtuderunt ejus aures, te socium 
praetoris fuisse, Cic.: v. TO DEAFEN. 
3. décanto, 1 (to keep repeating) : 

to d. into any one s ears trite rules, alicui 
pervulgata praecepta d., Cic. 

dine: coeno, avi and atus sum, 1f 
(the best word; coena being the prin- 
cipal meal): to d. with any one (as a 
guest), apud aliquem c., Cic.: to d. with 
any one (in company), cum aliquo c., 
Hor. : with acc. (poet.), to d. on vege- 
tables, olus c., Hor. Frequent., coenito, 
I (rare): tf I were in the habit of d.ing 
out, si foris coenitarem, Cic. (But 
prandeo may perhaps be used of the 
lain morning or mid-day dining of 
Tracinert, soldiers : vy. TO BREAKFAST.) 

dinginess: ], fuscitas: v. DARK- 
NESs. 2. squalor (esp. of the mourn- 
ing attire worn by Romans): Join: 
squalor sordesque, Cic.: v. FOULNESS, 
FILTH. 

dingle: vallis, convallis: v. DELL. 

dingy : 1, fuscus: v. DARK, 
MURKY. Q. scaber, bra, brum (lit. 
rough): d. and unshorn, s. intonsusque, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 99. 3. squalidus, sor- 


didus: v. DIRTY. 4, subniger: v. 
BLACKISH. 

dining -couch: triclinium (for 
three): Cic.: Plin. 

dining-room: 1, coenatio (dim., 


coenatiuncila, Plin.): Plin.: Juv. (Not 
coenaculum, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 1,91.) Q, 
réfectorium (late): v. REFECTORY. Phr.: 
d. cupboards, apothecae  tricliniares, 
Varr. 

dinner: coena (dim., coeniila, Cic. : 
Mart.): the most suitable word: v. 
Dict. Ant. s. v.: fo invite any one to d., 
aliquem ad c. vocare, invitare, Cic.: to 
accept an invitation to d., promittere ad 
c., Pl: Phaedr.: fo give any one a d., c. 
alicui dare, Cic.: during d., inter c. 
aes inter coenandum.), Cic.; super c., 

uet.: to get a d. ready, c. apparare, 
Ter.: tocook ad., c coquere, Pl. Phr.: 
to fel inclined for d., coenaturire, 
Mart. 

dinnerless 1. 
unbrealjasted, fasting) : Hor. 
coenatus: Cato: Pl. 
V. DINNER. 

dinner-party: 1. coena: a large 
d. is seated, ingens coena sedet, Juv.: 
Cic.: v. DINNER. 2, convivium (any 
genial entertainment) : Vv. BANQUET. 

dinner-time: hora coenandi. Phr.: 
our d. is three o'clock, tertia hora (apud 
nos) coenatur: during d., inter coenam, 
coenandum, Cic. 

dint (subs.): |. Stroke: ictus, is : 
v. BLOW. |]. Zhe mark of a blow: 
vestigium: Vv. TRACE, INDENTATION. 
Phr.: by d. of, per, non sine, adjutus 
(aided by): V. MEANS OF (BY). 

dint (».): 1, signo, 1: v. TOMARK. 

2. imprimo, pressi, ssum, 3: with 

notam or some such acc,: v. TO IM- 
PEINT. 

diocesan (subs.): *épiscdpus (bishop) 
ordinarius: v. ORDINARY (swbs.). 

diocese: dioecésis, is, f.: Sidon. 

210 


1, impransus (strictly, 
2, in- 


8. sine coena: 


dioptrics; dioptricé, és, f.: Cartes. 

dip (v.): A, Trans.: 1, mergo, 
si, sum, 3: V. TO PLUNGE. 9. tingo 
or tinguo, nxi, nctum, 3 (to wet by dip- 
ping): to d. brasses in the pool, aera 
lacu t., Virg.. he d.s the tips of his feet 
in the waves, in undis summa pedum 
... tingit, Ov.: v. TO MOISTEN. By 
intingo or -guo, 3 (to d. in): to d, any- 
thing in vater, aliquid in aqua in., 
Vitr.: torches d’d (bathed) in blood, 
sanguine intinctae faces, Ov.: also of 
baptism, Tert. B, Intrans.: I. 
To plunge oneself : 1. mergor, sus, 
3 (or mergo with pron. refl.): Bootes... 
d.s in the Ocean, Bootes mergitur Oceano, 
Cat.: Vv. TO SINK. 2. tingor or tin- 
guor, nctus, 3 (or tingo with pron. refl.): 
to d. in the Ocean (as stars), tingi 
aequore, tingere se Oceano, Virg. ll. 
To be depressed : 1, prémor, ssus, 3: 
the world d.s towurds the south, mundus 
premitur ad austros, Wirg.: v. TO SINK. 

9. vergo, 3: v. TO INCLINE. 3. 

deéclino, I: v. TO DECLINE. lll. Zo 
dip into (a book): 1, attingo, tigi, 
taclum, 3: -V. TO GLANCE AT, DABBLE 
IN. 2. perstringo, nxi, ctum, 3: just 
to d. into (glance at) each subject, tant- 
ummodo p. unamquamque rem, Cic.: 
v. TO SKIM. 

dip (subs.): 
press by mergo, tingo: v. To pre. 
A depression : 1, dévexitas (rare): 
Plin.: Vv. INCLINATION. 2, dever- 
gentia (rare): Gell. (Or expr. by verb: 
the earth makes a d., premitur: v. TO 
pip, II.) 

diphthong: diphthongus, i, /.: 
Mare. Cap.: Prise. 

diploma: 1, diploma, Atis, n. 
(credentials, letter of 1ecommendation) : 
Suet.: Sen. 2. codicilli, drum (any 
warrant or writ: q. v-): Suet.: Cod. 
Theod. (For an university d., perh. 
better, *testimonium honoris causa 
datum ac signatum.) 

diplomatic: expr. by légatio: to 
discharge a d. mission, legatione fungi, 
Tac.: d. science, *earum rerum scientia 
quae ad legationes, ad commercia (foe- 
dera) inter gentes instituenda pertinent. 

diplomacy: no exact word: Phr.: 
to settle matters by d rather than by 
war, *per legatos, legationibus potius 
quam bello (“colloquio inter partes in- 
stituto,” Puffend.) res componere: the 
rules of d., *leges (mos institutus) 
gentium inter se commerciorum. 

diplomatist: *homo legationum 
peritus: an experienced d., homo in 
legationibus exercitatus ac saepe ver- 
satus, based on Cic.: v. DIPLOMACY. 

diptotes: diptdta, drum: Prise. 

dire; dirus: v. FELL, DREADFUL. 

_ direct (adj): rectus: esp. in abl. 


|. Immersion: ex- 


Jem., to go by ad. route, recta tendere, 


Hor.: v. STRAIGHT. Phr.: to go direct 
anywhere, pergére: v. TO GO. 
direct (v.): |. Yo point straight : 
1. dirigo, rexi, rectum, 3: to d 
one’s course towards the shore, cursum 
(iter) ad litora d., Caes.: to d. one’s 
horse against the consul, equum in con- 
sulem d., Liv.: to d. one’s gaze upon 
any one, aciem oculorum ad aliquem d., 
Cat. 2. intendo, di, tum or sum, 3: 
Vv. TO AIM. 3. adverto, ti, sum, 3: to 
d. the prows towards the land, terrae 
[ad terram] proras ad., Virg.: v. To 
TURN (TOWARDS). Phr.: to d. one’s 
course to a place, tendere, Cic.; if by a 
direct route, recta tendere, pergere (v. 
DIRECT, adj.): to d. the eyes towards, 
conjicere oculos ad...., Cic. (v. To 
cast): to d. one’s attention (thoughts). 
to anything, attendere animum ad ali- 
quid, Cic. I]. Zo inform : déceo, 2: v. 
TO INFORM, ACQUAINT. Phr.: tod. any 
one tn the way, alicui monstrare viam, 
Enn. ap. Cic.: Juv.: vy. TO POINT OUT. 
lll. Yo regulate : x. dirigo, 3: 
to d. one’s life by the sure rule of 
reason, Vitam ad certam rationis nor- 
mam d., Cic.: v. TO GUIDE. 2. régo, 
xi, ctum, 3: to d. the motion of the 
universe, mundi motum r., Cic.: v. TO 
RULE. 3, guberno, I: v. TO coN- 





4. tempéro, 1 (in this sense 
usu. with acc.): V. TO REGULATE. IV. 
To charge, order : 1. praecipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3 (to give instructions wi 
authority): the priestess d.’d the en- 
quirers to take Miltiades for their gene- 
ral, consulentibus Pythia praecepit ut 
Miltiadem sibi imperatorem sumerent, 
Nep.: of military instruction, Caes. 
Q. praescribo, psi, ptum, 3: v. TO 
PRFSCRIBE. 3. jubeo, 2 (with ace. 
and inf.): Vv. TO ORDER. V. To ad- 
dress a letter: inscribo, psi, ptum, 3: @ 
letter d.’d to his father, epistola inscripta 
patri suo, Cic, 
direction: _ |. The act of direcf- 
ing towards: directio: the d. of the 
reason tovards truth, d. rationis ad 
veritatem, Quint. (or expr. by verb: v. 
TO DIRECT, L.). Il. Vhe act of point- 
ing out: monstratio (as of @ way): 
Ter. Il. Line of motion: 1. 
cursus, Us, m.: to keep the same d, 
cursum tenere, Caes.. Vv. COURSE. 2. 
iter, Via: V. WAY, ROUTE, PATH. (N.B. 
Not directio, in this sense.) Phr.: in 
a straight d., recta via, Cic. IV. 
Line of observation: 1. pars, rtis, 
f.: in the d. in which the legion had 
marched, in ea p. quam in p. legio iter 
fecisset, Caes. 2. régio, Onis, f.: v. 
QUARTER. Phr.: to charge in two d.s, 
bipartito signa inferre, Caes.: to be 
borne one in one d., another in another, 
alios alio ferri, Sall.: in whatever d. he 
marched, quacumque iter fecit, Cic.: to 
uander in what d. one pleases, vagari 
qua velis, Cic.: in what d. soever you 
look, quocunque aspicias, Ov.: in all 
d.s, passim, Caes.: Cic.: im every d., 
quoquoversus, Caes.: Cic.: in both d.s, 
utroque, Cic.: Liv.: in a downward d., 
deorsum versus, Cato: in an upward 
d., sursum versus, Cic.: in the d. of 
Brundusium, Brundusium versus, Cic. : 
in the d. of the Ocean, ad Oceanum 
versus, Caes.: tn the d. of Gaul, in 
Galliam versus, Caes.: v. TOWARDS 
V. Regulation : 1, régimen, 
inis, n.: the d. of the whole magistracy 
was in the hands of Appius, r. totius 
magistratus penes Appium erat, Liv.: 
Tac.: Suet. 2. gibernatio: the d. of 
a plan, consilii g., Cic.: v. CONTROL. 
3. administratio: v. MANAGEMENT. 
Phr.: wader the d. of Tiberius, auspi- 
ciis Tiberii, Tac. (v. auspices): to be 
under the d. of another, in arbitrio alter- 
ius (alieni arbitrii) esse, Tac. Vi. 
Instruction to act in a certain way: 
1, praescriptio: this d. of nature, 
haec p, naturae, Cic. 2, praeceptum: 
to act according to d., ad praescriptum 
agere, Caes.: according to Cicero's d., 
ex p. Ciceronis, Sall.: v. INJUNCTION, 
INSTRUCTION. Phr.: to submit to the 
d. of the senate, in patrum auctoritate 
esse, Liv. Vil. Zhe address of a 
letter: inscriptio: v. TO ADDRESS (V.). 
Vill. Office or body of directors: 
curatores: V. DIRECTOR. 
directly: |. Inavrightline: 1, 
directé and directo: Cic. 2. recta 
(sc. vid): v. STRAIGHT. [|], Jmme- 
diately : 1], protinus, statim: v. m1 
MEDIATELY. 2. mox: J sha/l be back 
d., mox ego huc revertor, Ter.: v. 
SOON. 8, jam: v. PRESENTLY. 
directness: |. Lit.: of a route: 
rectitudo (rare): Aggen. in Front. 
Phr.: the Romans aimed rather at d. 
than convenience in making their roads, 
*in viis muniendis magis id agebant 
Romani ut rectae eae quam ut faciles 


TROL, 


commodaeve essent. ll. Fig.: 
straightforwardness: simplicitas’ v. 
FRANKNESS, SIMPLICITY. Phr.- wtth 


all possible d., missis (omissis) am- 
bagibus, Hor. 
director: 1, rector (mo¢ director): 
the d.s of youthful age, juventae rec- 
tores, l'ac.: v. RULER. 2. auctor 
(authority and sanction): each (was) 
his own d.. sibi quisque a., Tac.: Cic. 
3. magister: d. of a choir, chori 
canentinm m., Col.: v. MASTER. 
gubermater: v. CONTROLLER, GOVERNOR 
5. curator (having charge and re- 


DIRECTORY 


sponsibility of ): Demosthenes was d. of 
the wall-repairs, Demosthenes c¢. fult 
muris reficiendis, Cic. v. MANAGER. 
6. praeses, Idis: Vv. PRESIDENT. 
Phr.: to be d. of, praeesse (Vv. TO PRE- 
SIDE), curare (Vv. CARE OF, TO TAKE), ad- 
ministrare (v. TO MANAGE). 
directory: |. ‘he office of di- 
rector: curatio, magistérium: v. CON- 
TROL, MANAGEMENT. Il. The body of 
directors : 1, migistri: the d. of 
companies, societatum magistri, Dig. 
Q. clratores: v. MANAGER. (Or 
expr. by part. of verbs under TO DI- 
RECT: to be responsible to the d. of the 
hospital, *valetudinarium curantibus ob- 
noxium esse.) 
directress: gubernatrix, magistra, 
rectrix, mOdératrix : V. GOVERNESS, 
direful; dirus: v. DREADFUL. 
direness: diritas: Cic.: v. DREAD- 
FULNESS. 
dirge: 1, nénia (also naenia): to 
sing a d., n. canere, Snet.: Cic.: Hor. 
2, as peripbr., carmen lugubre, 
Cic.; carmen funebre, Quint. ; carmina 
exsequialia, Ov. Phr.: to chant a d. 
(for any one), aelinon (aiAuvov) con- 
cinere, Ov. 
dirge-like: finebris, ligubris: v. 
DOLEFUL, FUNEREAL. 
dirk; pigio: v. DAGGER. 
dirt: ], sordes, is, /. (usu. in pl.): 
let the nails be free from d., sint sine 
sordibus ungues, Ov.: d. in the ears, 
sordes aurium, Cic.: Hor, 2, coenum: 
Vv. MIRE. 3. litum (less offensive 
than coenum): v. MUD. 4, limus 
(slimy mud): v.MUD,SLIME.  §, fimus 
(rare in this sense): Virg.: v. DUNG. 
6, illiivies, éi, f.: v. FILTH. We 
paedor, Oris (dirt contracted through 
neglect or confinement) : v. FILTH. 8. 
purgamentum (lit. that which ts 
cleansed or scoured away): V. REFUSE, 
FirtH. Phr.: to be covered with d., 
squalere, or better, situ squalere, Quint. 
See also, ORDURE. 
i i : spurcé: v, FOULLY. 
dirtiness: |. Lit.: 1, spur 
citia and spurcities, i, f. (rare): Col.: v. 
FILTHINESS. 2. sordes, ium, /. (concr. 
for abstr.): thed. of a dilapidated abode, 
obsoleti s. tecti, Hor.: v. FILTH. il. 
Fig.: Obscenity: turpitido, obscénitas : 
V. OBSCENITY. 
dirty (adj.): |. Lit.: 1, sor- 
didus: ad. napkin, s. nappa, Hor.: d 
children, s. nati, Hor.: very d. teeth, sor- 
didissimi dentes, Petron. (in prose, sor- 
didus is chiefly used tig. — mean, base.) 
2. spurcus (offensive and disgust- 
ing): V. FOUL. 3. luteus, littlen- 
tus: v. MUDDY. 4, illotus: v. UN- 
WASHED. 5, coendsus: v. MIRY. 6. 
squalidus (strictly, rough): Plin.: Ov. 
Phr.: to be d., sordere, Pl.: Sen. (more 
usu. fig., to be little valued): to become 
d., sordescere, Hor.: Plin.: the d. swine, 
amica luto sus, Hor. ||, Mean, shabby: 
sordidus: v. MEAN. Ill. Bawdy : tur- 
pis. obscénus: v. OBSCENE. 
dirty (v.): spurco, sordido, foedo: 


vy. TO BEFOUL, 

disability: |. Want of ability: 
Vv. INABILITY, — |], _/nability for offices, 
honours, ete.: perh. déminitio: with 
some defining word, as d. libertatis, Cic. 
Rull. 2, 7, 16; d. capitis (including 
various degrees of inferiority in civil 
status): v. Dict. Ant.s.v. caput. Phr.: 
those who labour under some civil d., 
quibus pars aliqua juris deminuta est, 
Cic.: to regard as a civil d., aliquid de 
libertate deminutum putare, Cic.: the 
children of the proscribed had been 
placed under a d. as regards offices, 
*proscriptorum liberi honorum_peten- 
dorum jure privati erant (Nobbe). 

disable: 1, débilito, 1 (to weaken 
in any way). tod. a person’s limbs, ali- 
cujus membra d., Cic,: fear d.s even prac- 
tised eloquence, metus exercitam quoque 
eloquentiam d., Tac.: Nep. 2. con- 
ficio, féci, fectum, 3 (lit., to finish up): 
d.d by wounds, vulneribus confectus, 
Caes.: v. TO DESTROY 3, énervo, t 
(to deprive of vigour and energy): old 


TO PROSTKATE, CRIPPLE. 





DISAFFECTED 


age has not quite d.d or prostrated me, 


non plane ne enervavit nec afflixit se- 
nectus, Cic.: more fully, enervare vires, 
Hor. 4. affligo, xi, ctum, 3 (lit.: to 


strike down: hence fig., to give such a 


blow as may paralyse an enemy): to d. 
the enemy, opes hostium a., Liv.: v. 
Phr.: tod.a 
ship, navem afflictare (R. and A.): to d. 
a person from inheriting, aliquem here- 
ditatis jure privare: V. DISABILITY. 

disabled: 1. inhibilis, e (usu. of 
what is by nature incapable): v. UNCA- 
PABLE, 2. confectus: Vv. TO DIS- 
ABLE (2). 3, défectus (worn out): d. 
by years, defectus annis [et desertus vi- 
ribus}, Phaedr.: d. (by years) and blind, 
viribus et acie oculorum defectus, Val. 
Max. 4, claudus (lame, crippled : 
q. v.): d. ships, c. naves, Liv.; Tac. 

5, mancus (maimed): Join: 

mancus et membris omnibus captus ac 
debilis, Cic.: v. DEFECTIVE. 6, cap- 
tus (always with abl.): d.in the feet, 
captus pedibus, Liv.: d. in respect of 
sight and hearing, oculis et auribus c¢., 
Cic. 7, dé@bilis,e: v. FEEBLE. Phr.: 
a d. vessel, navis ad navigandum inutilis, 
Caes.: d. of the right of voting, *jure 
suffragii (ferendi) privatus: im any 
respect d. of civil rights, cui aliqua de 
parte libertas deminuta est: v. DISABI- 
LITY. 

disabuse: errorem alicui eripere, 
Cic.; demere, Hor.: v. TO UNDECEIVE. 

disaccustom: 11, désuéfiicio, 3 
(in Cic. only in p. part.) : d.d to public 
meetings, desuefactus a concionibus, Cic. 

2. expr. by désuesco, suévi, sue- 

tum, 3 (to become d.’d): the Samnites 
having become d.'d to endure the shout 
of a Roman army, jampridem desueto 
Samnite clamorem Romani exercitus, 
Liv.: he tried to d. his men from 


fearing the elephants, *id egit ut miles 


elephantos timere desuesceret. i 
expr. by consuétiido: as, to become d.’d 
to speaking, a consuetudine dicendi ab- 
strahi, Cic.: gradually to d. oneself, 
paullatim alicujus rei c. deponere. 
disaccustomed : 1, désuétus: 
Liv.: Virg. 9, désuéfactus: Cic.: 
(v. preced, art.). 
disadvantage (subs.): _ 1, incom- 
méddum (the most general and also mild- 
est term): to involve more advantage 
than d., plus adjumenti quam incom- 
modi habere, Cic.: to be subjected to 
some d., aliquo ine. affici, Cic.: to your 
d., cum ine. tuo, Cic.: Caes.: v. INCON- 
VENIENCE. 2, incommodditas (rare 
in this sense): Ter. 3, détrimen- 
tum, damnum : v. DAMAGE, Loss. 4. 
iniquitas (wnfavourable character of 
anything): d.s of position, iniquitates 
locorum, Liv.: Caes. Phr.: to (one’s) 
d., (see also supr. 1), cum fmee, tuo] 
malo (stronger than Eng.), Pl.: to buy 
to a d., male emere, Cic. 
disadvantage (v.): incommédo, 1: 
Cic.: Ter. (more usu. incommodum ali- 
cui ferre, dare, Cic.; afferre, Caes.): v. 
TO INJURE. 
disadvantageous : 
modus: (unfavourable) circum- 
stances, res inc., Cic. 2. iniquus (of 
ground, circumstances, etc.): d. ground, 
in. locus, Caes. 8, in combination 
with to be: obsum, officio, ndceo: v. 
TO INJURE; V. UNFAVOURABLE. 
disadvantageously + 1, incom- 
mode, Caes. , cum [magno, maxi- 
mo, summo] incommodo: vy. DIsAD- 
VANTAGE. 8. iniqué: v. UNFAVOUR- 
ABLY. 4, milé: with emere, vendere ; 
¥. DISADVANTAGE (Phr.). 
disaffect; aliéno, 1: usu. with ani- 
mum, animos: Vv. TO ESTRANGE, ALIEN- 
ate. But the word is seldom used 
except in p. part.: v. foll art. 
disaffected : 1, dliénatus: to be 
d. towards any one, alienato erga ali- 
quem animo esse, ‘Pac. : also, voluntate 
alienatus, Sall.. Vv. TO ESTRANGE. OA 
fiversus: d. towards us (the Romans), 
nobis aversus animo (al. animi), ‘l'ac. 
Ann. 14, 26. (Tac. has also aversus 


1, incom- 


animus, in somewhat diff. sense, Hist. 
i] 





DISALLOW 


| 4, 80): v. AVERSE. Phr.: that part of 


the army which was least d., quod maxt- 
me castrorum sincerum erat, Tac.: the 
d. legions, discordes legiones, l’ac.: the 
people d. to the senate, populus a senatu 
disjunctus, Cic. 
disaffection: 1, aliénatio: d. 
towards Vitellius (on the part of sol- 
diers), al. in Vitellium, Tac. (in Cic. 
estrangement: q. V.). 2. alienatus 
animus, aversus animu3, Tac.: v. preced. 
art. 8. séditio (of soldiers): v. 
MUTINY. 
disagree: |. To differ from, not 
haimonise with: 1. discrépo, 1: To 
DIFFER. Q. dissentio, nsi, nsum, 4: 
to d. with any one in arguments, ab all- 
quo d. in disputationibus, Cic.: see also 
TO FALL OUT, QUARREL. 8. dissideo, 
sedi, 2: to d. respecting one point, de re 
una d., Cic.: they slightly d., inter se 
leviter dissident, Cic.: these schools have 
long d.d, dissederunt hae diu scholae, 
Plin. Rarely with dat.: to d. with the 
common people (in opinion), plebi d., 
Hor. 4, discordo, 1. Join: inter 
se dissidere atque discordare, Cic.: v. 
TO QUARREL: also DISAGREEMENT (II.), 
|. To be unsuited toa person's di- 
gestion : 1. offendo, di, sum, 3: 
polypody d.s with the stomach, polypo- 
dion of. stomachum, Plin. 9. infesto, 
1: to d. with the stomach, stomachum 
inf., Plin.: Cels. 3, ndceo, laedo: v. 
TO INJURE. 4. innato, 1 (t float 
about in the stomach; not to digest): 
Hor. S. 2, 4, 59 (v- Dor.ad 1). Phr.: 
Jood which d.s with a person, *quod 
stomacho alicujus parum convenit, par- 
um idoneum est; quod difficile est ad 
concoquendum. 
disagreeable: |, ‘ot agreeing 
with: incongruens, ntis (usu. better pa- 
rum congruens): Gell.: to bed. to, non 
congruere, discordare, etc.: Vv. TO AGREE; 
and INCOMPATIBLE. A. Unpleasant 
to the senses or mind: 1, injacun 
dus: Cic.: Plin.: v. UNPLEASANT. 
molestus (full ef annoyance): d. work, 
m. labor, Cic.: nothing more d. than @ 
province, nihil provincia molestius, Cic.: 
Vv. TROUBLESOME. 8. insuavis, e: a 
plant not d. for food, herba cibo non in., 
Plin.: muddy, d. water, aqua limosa et 
in., Vitr. 4, gravis, e: esp. of smells: 
Vv. OFFENSIVE. §, gravedlens, ntis: 
V. STRONG-SMELLING. II]. 1/-natured, 
unamiable : 1, importinus (rather 
stronger than Eng.): a d. wife, uxor 
imp. atque incommoda, Pl.: v. CHURL- 
ISH, SHREWISH. 9. incommédus: v. 
DISOBLIGING. 3. insuavis, e: to be 
thought d., ins. haberi, Hor.: v. UN- 
AMIABLE. 4, difficitis,e: d. old men, 
d. senes, Cic.: v. ILL-TEMPERED. 5. 
morosus: Cic.: v. PEEVISH. 
disagreeableness : 1, injacun- 
ditas, Cic. 9. insuavitas: Gell. 3, 
acerbitas : v. SOURNESS. 4, grivitas- 
V. OFFENSIVENESS, 
disagreeably: _ 1. illépide: PL: 
Hor Q. ingraté: v. UNPLEASANTLY. 
3, griiviter (of smells): Vv. OF- 
FENSIVELY. (Injucunde appears not to 
occur, though Cic. has the comp., inju- 
cundius.) 
disagreeing (adj.): 1, _discors, 
cordis: in other respects d., ad alia dis- 
cordes, Cic. 9, dissentaneus (rare): 
alike or unlike, agreeing or @., similia 
aut dissimilia, consentanea aut dissen- 
tanea, Cic.: v. DISCORDANT. 
disagreement: |. Difference of 
opinion: discrépantia, dissensio : Vv. DIF- 
FERENCE. Il. Variance. falling out, 
quarrel : ], discordia: d.s between 
the great, discordiae inter potentes Viros, 
Cic.: to adjust d.s, d. componere, Tac. 
9. dissidium (implying open rup- 
ture): Cic. 3, dissensio: d. without 
bitterness, d. sine acerbitate, Cic. Join: 
dissidium ac dissensio, Cic. Phr.: to 
have a d. with any one, cum aliquo dis- 
sentire, Cic.: Vv. QUARREL. 
disallied; séjunctus, stpiratus, dis- 
junctus: v. SEPARATED. 
disallow: |. 70 prohibit: véto 
prohibeo: v. TO FORBID, PREVENT. 
211 


DISANNUL 


To disapprove: imprébo, adversor: v. 
TO DISAPPROVE, OPPOSE. II]. Zo re- 
pudiate: Phr.: to d. a plea, excusa- 
tionem non accipere, Cic.: tod. an ac- 
count, rationem non probare, Cic.: my 
chastity is d.’d, casta negor, Ov. 
disannul; convello, infirmo, etc. : v. 
TO ANNUL. 
disappear: 1, expr. by means 
of conspectus, tis [also sometimes, oculi: 
v. phr.}: the ship had already d.’d from 
view, evolarat jam e conspectu (navis), 
Cic.; simly, fugere e conspectu, Ter. : 
she has dd from my view, illam amisi 
ex c. meo, Ter.: comp., celeriter e con- 
spectu terrae ablati sunt; nebula con- 
Spectum terrae ademit, Liv.29,27. 2, 
€vanesco, vanesco, 3: Vv. TO VANISH. 
3. diffigio, figi, 3 (to flee away): 
the snows have d.’d, diffugere nives, 
Hor. 4. dilabor, lapsus, 3: v. TO 
MELT AWAY. Phr.: to d. from sight, 
oculis subduci, Cic.; abire ex oculis, 
Liv.: he d.’d in the skies, sublimis abiit, 
Liv.: the sun seems to me to have d.’d 
from the umiverse (fig.), sol excidisse 
mihi e mundo videtur, Cic.: with the 
thing the name also has d.’d in the lapse 
of ages, cum re nomen quoque vetustate 
abolevit, Liv.: to make to d., tollere, Cic. : 
the leaves of the plantain cause pains 
and tumours to d., dolores et tumores 
tollunt folia plantaginis, Pliu.: hope d.s, 
spes abit, Lucan; the glory of Troy has 
d.’d, fuit gloria Teucrorum, Virg. 
disappearance: exitus, is: v. DE- 
PARTURE. (Or expr. by verb: after the 
d. of Romulus, postquam ex oculis abiit 
Romulus: v. TO DISAPPEAR.) Phr.: 
not till the d. of the hoar frost, non prius 
quam evanuit pruina, Varr.; of the dew, 
quam ros a sole discutiatur, Plin. 
disappoint: 1, fallo, féfelli, fal- 
sum, 3 (with opinionem, spem, etc.): I 
will not d. your expectations, non fallam 
opinionem tuam, Cic. : to d. any one’s 
expectations, spem alicujus f., Virg.: Ov. 
Q. frustror and frustro, 1: hope has 
already often d.’d me, saepe jam me 
spes frustrata est, Ter.: tod. the Tar- 
quins in their hope of aid, ‘Varquinios 
spe auxilii frustrare, Liv. 9, destituo, 
ui, itum, 3 (to leave in the lurch, desert) : 
should his expectation d. him, si spes de- 
stituat, Liv.: to deceive and d. uny one, 
aliquem illudere atque d., Cic. 4. 
expr. by means of spe: being d.’d in 
this hope, hac spe lapsus, dejectus, re- 
pulsus, Caes. ; depulsus, Cic. : how griev- 
ously am I d.’d! quanta spe decidi! 
Ter.; a d.’d hope, delusa spes, Phaedr, 
Phr.: you shall not go away dd (in a 
r ¢), haud repulsus abibis, Pl.: when 
d.'d in this scheme, ubi id parum proces- 
sit, Caes. (v. TO SUCCEED): I have been 
d@/d, *aliter res evenit ac speraveram ; 
praeter opinionem male res cessit: to 
go away d.’d in one's aim, re infecta 
abire, Caes.: Liv.: ad.’d lover, amans 
neglectus, Ov. 
disappointing: 1, fallax, dcis: 
d. pods (i.e, with little in them), f. sili- 
quae, Virg.: Vv. DECEITFUL. 2, vanus: 
V. EMPTY, VAIN, 
disappointment < 1, expr. by 
verb and phr. under to DISAPPOINT: 
having suffered this d., (ab) hac spe de- 
stitutus; quum ita eventus rerum opi- 
mionem, spem, fefellisset, etc. ay 
frustratio (rare); Planc. in Cic.: Just. 
8, répulsa (in a request or cumvass) : 
Vv. REFUSAL. 4. incommodum (gen. 
term for whatever is unwelcome): v. 
MISFORTUNE. Phr.: that is a great d. 
to me, molestissime id fero, Cic. 
disapprobation: 1, reprthensio: 
V. BLAME, CENSURE. 2. acclamatio 
(expressed by shouts): more precisely, 
adversa ac., Cic. (In later writers the 
word is used in favourable sense: v. 
ACCLAMATION.) To express d., culpare, 
Teprehendere, vituperare, acclamare: v. 
TO CENSURE, BLAME. 
disapproval: v. preced. art. 
disapprove: 1, improbo, 1: J 
do not d. those pursuits, ego ista studia 
non im., Cic. (Not reprobo, which is to 
reject, repulse.) 2, répréhendo, di, 
212 





DISBELIEVE 





sum, 3: Vv. TO CENSURE. 
2 (with dat. of subject): I fear you will 
d, of my plans, vereor ne tibi mea con- 
silia displiceant, Cic.: Just. 

disapproving (aj.): Phr.: a d. 
conscience, mala (i.e. guilty) conscien- 
tia (?): to bestow on any one d. glances, 
*vultu atque oculis improbare: the 
shouts of the d. multitude, *dissentien- 
tium atque aversantium clamor: by (in 
an adjuration) d. Jove, per improbatu- 
tum haec Jovem, Hor. 


disarm ; 1. armis exuo, ui, 
ttum, 3: Liv.: Sall 2, déarmo 
(rare), 1: Liv. 3, exarmo, 1: to d. 


the cohorts, cohortes ex., Tac. Fig.: 
the mother dd her son by her tears, 
filium mater lacrymis suis exarmavit, 
Flor, Phr.: to d. an antagonist in 
fencing, *gladium alicui deripere, e 
manu detorquere: tod. (any one’s) an- 
ger, iram lenire, mitigare: v. TO MITI- 
GATE, APPEASE. 

disarmed (part. adj.): inermis, e: 
V. UNARMED, 

disarrange: turbo, 1: to d. the 
hair, capillos t., Mart.: v. TO DISTURB. 

disarrangement: turbatio: v. pis- 
TURBANCE, 

disarray: turbo, perturbo, confundo: 
V. TO CONFUSE, DISTURB. 

disaster: 1, cladis, is, f. (usu. a 
defeat in battle): to sustain a d. (a 
defeat), cl. accipere, Caes.; to cause a d.., 
cl. afferre, Cic.; inferre, Liv.; facere, 
Sall. (all with dat.): a public d., cl. civi- 
tatis, Cic.: private d.s, cl. privatae, Liv. 

Q, calamitas: v. CALAMITY. 3. 

incommédum (a milder word): Caes, 
(Sometimes infortunium, res adversae, 
etc., may do: *V. MISFORTUNE.) 

disastrous : 1, calamitosus : 
Cic.: Sall. Join: acerbissimum et 
calamitosissimum bellum, Cic.: v. CA- 
LAMITOUS. 2. fiinestus: v. FATAL. 

8, pernicidsus: the disgraceful and 

d, issue of the trial, exitus judicii foe- 
dus et p., Cic.: v. DESTRUCTIVE. 4. 
pesuifer (rarely pestiferus), éra, €rum: 
the d. return of Antony, p. Antonii redi- 
tus, Cic. Phr.: a cd. defeat, magna 
(maxima) clades, Liv.: his consulate was 
d. to the state, *consulatus ejus graviter 
remp. afflixit: v. TO DAMAGE. 

disastrously : 1, calamitose : 
Cic. 2. pestiféré, perniciosé: v. FA- 
TALLY, DESTRUCTIVELY. Phr.: how d. 
ended the rashness of Varro, *quantam 
cladem intulit reip. temeritasVarronis ! 

disavow: 1, diffiteor, 2: J will 
never d. having been guilty of pretend- 
ing much ..., nunquam diffitebor me 
multa simulasse, Plane. in Cic.: Ov. 
(with acc. of subs.). Q. infitior, 1; 
also infitias eo, 4: nor will I d. that 
herein I am a man, neque in hoc me 
hominem esse infitiabor, Juv.: v. To 
DENY. 3. abnuo, ui, itum, 3 (strictly, 
by a motion of the head) : to d. a charge, 
a crime, crimen ab., Tac.; ab. ase com- 
missum facinus, Cic. 4. improbo or 
non comprobo, 1 (to refuse to recognise 
or abule by): to d. a decision, judicium 
improbare, Cic.: to d. a certain step, fac- 
tum non comprobare, Liv. 

disavowal : infitiatio: Cic. 
expr. by verb: y. preced. art.) 

disband: 1, dimitto, misi, mis- 
sum, 3: to d. am army, exercitum d., 
Caes.: Cic.: Vell. 2. missos (sing. 
missum) facio; missionem do (with 
dat.): Vv. TO DISCHARGE. 3. exauc- 
toro, I: Vv, TO DISCHARGE. 

disbanded (part. adj.): missicius 
or missitius: Suet. (Or expr. by part. 
or rel. clause: d. soldiers, milites ex- 
auctorati, quibus data erat missio: v, 
preced. art.) 

disbark: V. DISEMBARK. 

disbelief: 1, diffidentia, Sall.: v. 
DISTRUST. 9. incrédilitas: v. uN- 
BELIEF. 3, more usu. expr. by verb: 
by d., non credendo, Cic.: to feign d., 
*se non credere simulare, dissimulare se 
credere. 

disbelieve: ], fidem non habeo, 
2 (with dat.): tod. the visions of mad- 
men, insanorum visis fidem non habere, 


(Or 





DISCHARGE 





3. displiceo, | Cic.: simly, fidem non adjungere, non 


tribuere, alicui rei: to cause to be d.d, 
fidem alicui derogare, Cic.: v. CREDIT. 
2, non credo, 3: V. TO BELIEVE. 
ylisbelieving (adj.): incrédiilus : 

or. 


disburden . exonéro: v. TO UNBUR- 
DEN. The d.ing ordinance, *edictum sui 
exonerandi causa (ut ferebatur) pro- 
mulgatum. 
disburse: érégo, expendo: v. Te 
EXPEND. 
disbursement : 1, régatio 
Cic. (or gerund. part. of erogo: for thi 
d. of moneys, ad pecunias erogandas . 
¥. TO DISBURSE, EXPEND). 2. sdlitio: 
vy. PAYMENT. 38, expensio (late). Cod. 
Theod. 
disburser: érogator: Cod. Just. 
disc: orbis (solis, lunae), Virg.: Plin. 
(Virg. has also, vultus, os, in similar 
sense, Georg. I, 430, 452). 
discard: 1, répidio, 1: v. To 
REJECT, CAST OFF. 2. exciitio, cussi, 
cussum, 3: tf Chloé the blonde is d.’d, si 
flava excutitur C., Hor. 3, rénuntio, 
1 (with acc. or dat.): v. TO RENOUNCE. 
See also TO ABANDON, RELINQUISH. 
discern: |, Zo distinguish men- 
tally: sécerno, discerno, internosco: y. 
TO DISTINGUISH. Il. To see clearly 
(with the eyes or mind): 1, cerno, 
3: to d. with the eyes, oculis c., Cic.: to 
d.and understand anything, c. aliquid 
animo, Cic.: v, TO PERCEIVE. 2. di- 
spicio, spexi, spectum, 3 (implying ob- 
stacles in the way): Thule even has been 
d.'d, dispecta est et Thule, Tac. : not to be 
able to d. the truth, verum 4. non posse, 
Cic.: what Pompey is aiming at I 
cannot d., Pompeius quid velit, non di- 
spicio, Cic, More precisely, acie mentis 
dispicere, Cic. 3. perspicio, 3 (to see 
clearly): Cic.: V. TO PERCEIVE, 
discernible: Phr.: to be d., di- 
spici, oculis cerni: the difference is 
scarcely d., Vix acie mentis dispici potest 
qua parte haec res inter se discrepent: 
Vv. TO DISCERN. See also PERCEPTIBLE. 
_discernibly : quod oculis cerni pos- 
sit: V. TO DISCERN. 
discerning (adj.) : 
acis, Ter.: Cic. 2. Aciitus: v. KEEN. 
discernment: |, As act: 1, 
distinctio, Cic.: Vv. DISTINCTION. 2. 
perspicientia, Cic.; v. EXAMINATION. 
Il. As faculty : 1. discrimen, 
inis, 7. (somewhat rare in this sense) : 
there is no d. in the common people, non 
est in vulgo d., Cic. 2, judicium: v. 


1, perspicax, 


JUDGMENT. 8. intelligentia (more 
general than the Eng.): v. UNDER- 
STANDING. 4, perspicacitas (sharp- 


sightedness) : Cic. 5, acumen: v. 
ACUTENESS, PENETRATION. 
discerptible: quod discerpi, se- 
parari potest: V. DIVISIBLE. 
discharge (v.): |. Zo unburden : 
exOnéro, exinanio : v. TO EMPTY, UNLOAD. 
||. Zo emit from the body: Phr.: 
to d. wring, urinam edere, Plin.: to @. 
(bring up) blood, sanguinem reddere, 
Plin. (v. TO vomiT): a fountain ds 
itself at the foot of the dark oak, fons 
nigra sub ilice manat, Ov. Fig.: to d. 
one’s anger upon any one, iram in ali- 
quem evomere, Cic.: v. TO VENT. Hl. 
Of rivers ; to cast themselves into the sea, 
etc. : 1, émitto, 3 (in pass. or with 
pron. refl.): the Rhine d.s itself into the 
sea between, etc., Rhodanus emittitur 
inter’. . . , Mela, 2. effundo, fidi, 
fusum, 3 (used as preced.): the Ganges 
d.s itself into the Eastern ocean, Ganges 
se in Eoum oceanum ef., Plin.: Mela. 
3, exeo, 4, tr7.: to d. itself by seven 
mouths, per septem portus exire, Ov.; 
Val. Fl. Simly, ire, Virg. A. 1, 246. 
4. €grédior, gressus, 3: Mela. §, 
évolvo, vi, itum, 3 (used as 1, 2): Mela. 
IV. To let fly: 1, mitto, misi, 
missum, 3: to d. javelins, pila m., 
Caes.: Ov. 2, Emitto, 3: to d. jave- 
lins, pila e., Caes. 3, immitto, 3 (at 
some one): to d. javelins, missiles, at 
any one, tela, pila, in aliquem im., Caes.: 
Cic. 4, injicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (like 
immitto): Hirt. 5, conjicio, 3 (ofa 


DISCHARGE 


number of persons) : to d. (their) missiles 
against our men, tela in nostros c., Caes. 

V. To free or dismiss: 1, dimitto, 
3: V.TO DISBAND: to d. a creditor, cre- 
ditorem d., Papin. Dig. 2, exauctoro, 
I (military : in later authors, such as Plin. 
jun., to dismiss from the service in dis- 
grace): Liv.: Just. 3, missum facio, 
3: I d. you, vos missos facio, Auct. B. 
Afr.: Suet. Phr.: to d. superannu- 
ated soldiers, fessos aetate sacramento 
solvere, Tac.: to d. a gladiator, (gladi- 
atorem) rude donare (= exauctorare), 


Hor. VI. Zo settle: solvo, exsolvo, 
persolvo: v. TO PAY. Vil. Zo per- 
form : 1, fungor, functus, 3 (with 


abl.): to d. the office of aedile, aedilitate 
f., Cic.: to d. the bodily functions, mu- 
neribus corporis f., Cic.:; v. TO PERFORM. 
2. perfungor, 3 (to d. in full): to 
d, duties in the state, reipublicae mu- 
neribus p., Cic. 83, dbeo, ivi and ii, 
itum, 4: to d. consular duties, consularia 
munera ob., Liv.: Just.: to d. recog- 
nisances, vadimonium obire, Cic.: v. TO 
EXECUTE. See also TO FULFIL. Vill. 
Intrans.: to run, as does @ sore: 
mano, 1: Plin. 23, 6, 60: v. TO RUN. 
discharge (subs.) : 
emptying : exonératio, exinanitio: v. 
EVACUATION. |], A letting-fly: 1, 
émissio: d.s of stones, lapidum emis- 
siones, Cic.: Geu. 2. conjectio: a d. 
of missiles, telorum c., Cic. , con- 
jectus, is: Liv. (Or expr. by verb: to 
receive the enemy with d.s of missiles, 
+telis missis excipere hostes: v. TO DIS- 
CHARGE.) |||, Dismissal or liberation 
from service: 1, missio: to be rewarded 
by a d., praemium missionis ferre, Caes. : 
to purify the army by the d. of mutinous 
men, exercitum purgare missionibus tur- 
bulentorum hominum, Liv.: the regular 
d., m. honesta, Dig.: d. on medical cer- 
tt , etc., m. causaria, Dig.: d. from 
favouritism, m. gratiosa: Liv.: d. as a 
punishment, m. ignominiosa, Dig. Om 
dimissio: d. of rowers, d. remigum, Cic. : 
V. DISMISSAL. 8, exauctoritas (a bar- 
barous word): Cod. Theod. 4, ex- 
cusatio (legal): d. from a guardianship, 
tutelae ex., Ulp.: v. EXEMPTION. Phr.: 
to grant a legion its d.. missam facere 
legionem, Suet.: to receive one’s d. (of 
a gladiator), rudem accipere, Cic.: to 
grant the same, rude donare, Hor.: @ 
soldier having or entitled to have his d., 
missicius, Ulp.: Suet.: v. DISABLED. |V, 
Quittance: 1, acceptilatio: Ulp. 2, 
libératio: to leave (in a will) a debtor 
his d. (from liubility), liberationem 
debitori legare, Ulp. 8, absdlitio: 
Vv. ACQUITTAL. VY, Settlement: sdlu- 
tio: v. PAYMENT. VI. 2xecution: 
perfunctio (rare): the d. of high public 
offices, honorum p., Cic.: Vv. PERFORM- 
ANCE. Vil. Purulent matter: pus, 
piris, m.: Plin. Phr.: full of d., 
puriilentus, Plin. Vill, 4A running 
from a sore: expr. by verb: tf there 
ts a d. from the sore, si manat ulcus, 
si quid de ulcere manat: v. TO DIS- 
cHARGE (VIIL), 
discharged (part. adj.) : of soldiers, 
Missicius ; V. DISBANDED. 
disciple : 1, discipiilus (f. dis- 
ciptila, Hor.: Plin.): Cic. 2. auditor 
(one who had attendea the lectures of a 
certain teacher): Cic. 8, alumnus 
fig.): the d.s of Plato, Platonis alumni, 
ic. 4, sectator: v. FOLLOWER. 
Phr.: he was (personally) a d. of Zeno, 
Zenonem audivit, Cic.: Zeno and his 
d.s, Zeno et qui ab eo sunt, Cic.: d.s of 
Pythagoras, Socrates, etc., Pythagoréi, 
Socratici, etc., Cic. 
dieePleship : *discipuli status, con- 
io 


disciplinarian: *operis ac disci- 
plinae assiduus exactor, comp. Quint. 1, 
3,14. Phr.: to be an old-fashioned, a 
strict d. (in the army), antiquam duram- 
que militiam revocare, Tac. ; diligentem 
disciplinae esse, Vell. ; disciplinam mili- 
tarem severe conservare, Liv. 

discipline : |. Training ; esp. 
military: 1, disciplina (any kind 
of systematic training or instruction) : 


|. The act of 


DISCOLOURED 


usu. with militaris of military d., Liv. : 
to break through d., d. militarem solvere, 
evertere, polluere, Liv.; dissolvere, Auct. 
B. Afr.: to restore it, d. militarem resti- 
tuere, Liv.; more fully, ad militarem d. 
ab effusa licentia formare militem, Liv. 
2, midestia (propriety, orderliness 
of conduct): good d. and self-control (ot 
troops), m. et continentia, Caes, : Liv. 
Phr.: soldiers in an excellent state of 
d., imperiis obedientissimus miles, Liv. : 
to exercise strict d.in the conduct of a 
war, severo imperio bellum adminis- 
trare, Liv.: d. was relaxed, minus in- 
tenta militia fuit, Tac.: want of d., 
licentia, Liv.: Tac. See also TRAINING, 
INSTRUCTION. Il, Punishment, afflic- 
tion: castigatio: Vv. CHASTISEMENT. 
Phr.: we believe that suffering is in- 
tended as d. of the soul, *credimus 
dolores animi et corporis ad ipsum 
animum purgandum atque emendandum 
inflictos esse. 
discipline (v-): j. In military 
sense : ], instituo, ui, itum, 3: sot- 
diers exceedingly well d.d, milites optima 
disciplina instituti, Liv.: v. TO TRAIN. 
9, assuéficlo, féci, factum, 3 (with 
some defining word): to d. troops, *mi- 
lites assuefacere in disciplina manere, 
disciplinam retinere: v. TO ACCUSTOM. 
||. In religious sense: castigo, I: 
v.70 CHASTISE. Plhr.: to d. by suffer- 
ing, doloribus, tribulationibus (Kempis) 
exercere atque emendare, purgare. 
disciplined (vart. adj.): disciplina 
institutus, imbutus, assuetus o7 assue- 
factus : v. TO DISCIPLINE. 
disclaim: infitior, diffiteor, négo: 
V. TO DISAVOW, DENY. 
disclaimer: i.e. @ formal denial: 
négatio, infiuiatio; v. DENIAL. 


disclose; |. Zo takea cover from: 
rétégo, detégo, 3: Vv. TO UNCOVER. Il. 
To reveal: 1, apério, ti, rtum, 4: 


daylight dd the flight of the enemy: 
lux fugam hostium aperuit, Liv.: he d.s 
to the master of th. ship who he is, 
domino navis quis sit aperit, Nep.: v. 
TOREVEAL. Q, patéfacio, feci, factum, 
3 (to make a full disclosure): to d. a 
matter, rem p., Cic.: the conspiracy was 
d.d, patefacta est conjuratio, Cic. 3 
rétégo, xi, ctum, 3 (not detego in this 
sense): to d. the secrets of @ corspiracy, 
occulta conjurationis r.,‘Vac.: Hor. 4, 
promo, mpsi, mptum, 3 (to bring for- 
ward to light): by d.ing what had been 
done, promendo quae acta essent, Liv.: 
1k, 5, expromo, 3: lod. secrets toa 
friend, occulta apud amicum exp., ‘Ter. 
6. pando, 3: v. TO UNFOLD. 7. 

ostendo, 3: v. TO SHOW. 8, énuntio, 
I: Vv. TO DIVULGE, 9, reclido, si, 
sum, 3 (lit., to wnlock: hence chiefly 
poet.): to d. secrets, operta r., Hor. 
Join: aperire et recludere contecta, 
Tac, 10, proféro, tuli, latum, 3: 
more fully, in medium prof., Cic.: v. To 
PUBLISH, J], réséro, 1 (like recludo): 
T will d. the oracles, reserabo oracula, 
Ov.: Val. Fl. 

disclosure: 1, patéfactio (most 
gen. term): the d. of hidden things, 
rerum opertarum p., Cic. 2, indicium 
(of a crime, to a magistrate): d. of the 
conspiracy, conjurationis ind., Cie. : esp. 
ad. made by a criminal concerned: to 
male (such) a d., ind. profiteri, offerre, 
Sall.; to claim to be allowed to do so, 
ind. postulare, Cic. 8. very oft. expr. 
by verb: to make a full d., omnia pate- 
facere, confiteri, omnem rem aperire: 
Vv. TO DISCLOSE, 

discoloration; décdloratio: Cic. 
Phr.: to induce d. (e. g. of the skin), 
decolorem facere, Plin. 

discolour: 1, décdloro, 1: to d. 
skin, cutem d., Cels. 9. infusco, 1: 
Vv. TO SULLY. 3, expr. by circuml.: 
to d. a thing, alicujus rei colorem vitiare, 
deteriorem reddere : Vv. COLOUK. 

discoloured (part. adj.): 1, de- 
cdlor, oris: small and d. pearls, uniones 
parvi et d., Plin. (for which Tac. has, 
subfusca ac liventia, Agr. 12). 9. dé- 
céloratus: Auct. Her. 8, lividus (by 
a blow: of flesh): Hor.: v. Livin. 


Sere with : 





DISCONSOLATE 


discomfit : 1, profligo, 1: od 
the enemy's forces, copias hostium pr, 
Cic.: Caes. 2, dadem affero: v. To 


DEFEAT. 
discomfiture: 1, cliides: v. pr- 
FEAT. Q. strages, is, f.: to visit with 


total d., ruina ac strage fundere, Liv.: 
Vv. OVERTHROW. 

discomfort (subs.): no exact word: 
the foll. perh. nearest: 1, modlestiae 
(which, however, implies actual annoy- 
ance or distress: q. V.): to be ina state 
of great d., in [summis] molestiis esse, 
Cic. 9. incommdida (pl.): what d. is 
there in this mode of life, *quanta inc. 
habet haec vivendi atque habitandi 
ratio: V. INCONVENIENCE. 8, vexatio 
(esp. of travelling): they advanced with 
all possible d. (suffering), cum omni 
genere vexationis processerunt, Liv. (cf. 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18): d. in journeying, 
y. itineris, Liv. 

discomfort (v.): vexo, incommédo, 
molestiis afficio: v. TO HARASS, ANNOY. 

discompose: 1. turbo, perturbo, 
I: Vv. TO DISTURB. 2. commdiveo, 
novi, motum, 2 (esp. of the mind): 
your shouts do not at all d. me, nibil 
me clamor iste c., Cic.: v. TO AFFECT. 

discomposure: esp.of mind:  ], 
perturbatio mentis, Cic. 9. motus, 
us: a temporary d. of mind, tempora- 
rius animi m., Quint.: v. EMoTION. 3, 
commotio animi: Cic. 4, concitatio 
mentis: Vv. EXCITEMENT. See also aGi- 
TATION. Phr.: to profit by the d. of the 
speaker, *ex eo emolumentum capere, 
quod orator animo nonnihil commotus 
erat, parum praesenti atque acri uteba- 
tur animo (based on Cic.). 

disconcert: |, To defeat, inter- 
1, disciitio, cussi, cussum, 
3 (to derange completely): to d. plans 


jor a betrayal, consilia proditionis d., 


Just.: fortune d.’d plans soundly deter- 
mined, salubriter destinata fortuna dis- 
cussit, Curt. 2. frustror, 1: v. TO 
FRUSTRATE. 3, frango, frégi, fractum, 
3 (fig.) : to d. a plan, consilium fr., Cie. 
4, infringo, 3: to d. the attempts of 

the enemy, adversariorum conatus inf. 
Caes. : Cic. 5, conturbo, 1 (to throw 
into confusion): in pbr., conturbare 
rationes aiicujus (strictly, to reduce to 
bankruptcy ; hence, utterly to disconcert 
and baffle any one), ‘Ver. 6. éludo, 
si, sum, 3 (to trifle with the endeavours 
of): V. TO BAFFLE. 7. dirimo, 3: v. 
TO INTERRUPT, BREAK OFF. ll. Te 
confuse: 1, obstipéficio, féci, factum, 
3: stronger than the Eng.: v. To cox- 
FounD (1II.). 2, percello, ctili, culsum, 
3 (to give a violent shock to, so as to 
paralyse and confuse): did not this cry 
d. you ? haec te vox non perculit? non 
perturbavit ? Cic.: d.’d by the unex- 
pected question, perculsus improvisa in- 
terrogatione, Tac. 8. perturbo, 1 ( 
confuse): nor am I d.d by all your 
to-do (in argument), neque vero istis 
tragoediis tuis perturbor, Cic.: v. supr. 
(2). 4, conturbo, 1 (=perturbo): 
Cic. Phr.: to be d.’d, de gradu dejici 
ut dicitur, opp. to praesenti animo uti, 
Cic.: to alarm and utterly to d. (take 
away presence of mind), animum per- 
territum loco et certo de statu demovere, 
Cic. 

disconnect; séjungo, disjungo, dis- 
solvo, séparo: Vv. TO SEPARATE, DIS- 
UNITE. 

disconsolate: 1, moestus (de 
jected and given up to grief): d. plaints, 
m. questus, Virg.: of inanimate objects, 
to tear one’s d. hair, m. laniare capillos. 
Ov. Join: moestus ac svlticitus (morte 
alicujus), Hor. 9, moerens, ntis (like 
moestus): d., dejected, distressed, m., 
dejectus, afflictus, Cic.: d. lamentation, 
m. fletus, Cic. (Not inconsolabilis, which 
occurs only once, in Ovid; and in diff. 
sense.) Phr.: to be d., moerere, moe- 
rore lacerari et confici, jacére, in moe- 
rore versari, moerore afflictum, pro- 
fligatum esse, Cic.: moerore atque 
aegritudine consenescere, Pl.; in luctu 
jacére, Cic. (For disconsolate = cheer- 
less : V. CHEERLESS, DREARY.) 


213 


DISCONSOLATELY 


DISCOURSE 


DISCREDITABLE 


SSS eee eee 


disconsolately: 1, moestus (in 
agr. with subj.: L.G.§ 343): d. they beat 
their breasts, moestae feriunt pectora, 
Ov.: Virg. (In poet. mvestum might 
sometimes be used: v. L.G. § 344.) 2, 
insolabiliter: v. INCONSOLABLY. 
tristé: v. SADLY. 

disconsolateness: moestitia, moes- 
tus animus: V GRIEF. 

discontent, discontentment: |. 
Dissatisfaction, displeasure : . of- 
fensio: a wise praetor avoids exciting d. 
by the impartiality of his decisions, sa- 
piens praetor of. vitat aequalitate judi- 
candi, Cic.: ad. not very different from 
positive hatred, odii non dissimilis of., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 208. Dimin., offensiun- 
ciila, slight d. or annoyance, Cic. oe 
animus offensus, voluntas offensa: v. 
DISPLEASURE. |. Lack of contented- 
Mess : 1, ddium (stronger than Eng.: 
v. supr.): vehement d. with one’s own lot, 
‘o. rerum suarum, Sall. 9, animus 
rebus suis parum contentus: v. CON- 
TENTED. Phr.: d. makes even the rich 
man poor, *pauper est cui res suae non 
satisfaciunt: to feel d. with or at, poe- 
nitere (with acc. of subject, and gen. of 
object): a letter full of d. and com- 
plaints, epistola plena stomachi et quer- 
elarum, Cic. 

discontent (v.): v. TO DISSATISFY. 

discontented : 1, non, parum, 
malé contentus: v. CONTENTED. y 
invidus: v. JEALOUS. 3, fastididsus 
(disdainful of what one has): the owner 
d. with the land (builds in the sea), 
dominusque terrae f., Hor. 4, ini- 
quus (of the mind only): to bear any- 
thing with a d. mind, aliquid iniquo 
animo ferre, Cic. Phr.: the plebs d. 
with their condition, plebs novarum 
rerum cupida, Sall.: every one is d. with 
his own position, suae quemque poenitet 
fortunae, Cic.: Tam d. with myself, me 
poenitet mei, Cic. 

discontentedly : animo iniquo, an- 
imo parum (male) contento: v. DISCON- 
TENTED. 

discontinuance: intermissio, inter- 
capédo: Vv. INTERMISSION, INTERRUPTION, 

discontinue: 1. intermitto, misi, 
missum, 3 (for a time, so as to resume 
again): that the work might not be dd 
at any time, ne quod omnino tempus ab 
opere intermitteretur, Caes.: v. TO IN- 
TERRUPT. 2. smitto, 3 (to give u 
altogether) : v. TO ABANDON. 3, de- 
sino, désisto, 3 : Vv. TO LEAVE OFF. 

discontinuous: interruptus, inter- 
missus: Vv. INTERMITTING. 

discord: |. Jnmusic: 1, *dis- 
sdnantia (as t.¢.): Quint. 2. expr. 
by dissdnus, absénus (out of tune): to 
produce a d. in singing, dissonum quid- 
quam canere, Cic.; of one person who 
sings out of tune, *absonum canere: d.s 
and concords, *dissona et consona. 8, 
expr. by discrépo, ui, 1: however slight 
be the d., quamvis paullum discrepent 
(tibiae, etc.), Cic. |, Fig.: of strife: 
discordia: the seeds of d., semina dis- 
cordiarum, Liv.: to sow the seeds of d. 
between the plebeians and the knights, 
serere causam discordiarum inter plebem 
et equites, Suet Join: dissensiones 
atque discordiae, Cic. : v. DISAGREEMENT, 
STRIFE. III. Personified, the goddess: 
Discordia: Virg. 

discordance: discrépantia, dissen- 
sio: Vv. DISAGREEMENT. (Or expr. by 
verb: how great is the d. between these 
things, quantum discrepant! discrepant 
immane quantum! Hor.: v. TO DIFFER, 
DISAGREE.) : 

discordant: |. Jarring: 1. 
discors, cordis: d. arms, d. arma, Virg. : 
Hor. 9. dissdnus: Cic. (v. DISCORD, 
I1.). 3, absdnus: a (harsh) d. voice, 
vox abs., Cic. Il. Disagreeing : it 
discors: d. opinions, d. sententiae, Plin. : 
Cic. 9. discrépans, ntis: Cic.: v. To 
DISAGREE. 3, dissdnus: Liv.: v. DIF- 
FERENT. 4, absOnus: V. INCONSISTENT. 
Phr.: to be d., discordare. Cic.: a mind 
d. with itself, animus a se ipse dissidens 
atque secum discordans, Vic. 

discount (-) 

214 


prove: 








|. To deduct a per | length on some subject: 


centage : 1. déduco, xi, ctum, 3: 
‘de capite d. quod usuris pernumeratum 
est,’ Liv. 6, 15. 9, détraho, xi, ctum, 
3 (with de summa, de capite): v. TO 
ABATE. Phr.: tod.a loan § (i.e. 60) per 
cent., quinas capite mercedes exsecare, 
Hor. S. 1, 2, 14. Il. Zo pay a bill, 
deducting the percentage: *syngrapham, 
detracta parte rata de summa, reprae- 
sentare, pracsenti pecunia persolvere ; 
syngrapham, delegationem (a kind of 
cheque) decessione facta repraesentare. 
(Repraesentare is simply to pay ready 
money: V. foll. art.). 

discount (szbs.): 1, décessio: to 
allow a d., a. facere, concedere, cf. Cic. 
Rab. Post. 11, 30. (But the word sim- 
ply means a deduction, abatement: 
q. v.) 2. (?) fenus praeceptum, prae- 
occupatum: v. INTEREST. Phr.: to 
allow a d., *jacturam facere repraesenta- 
tionis (ready money payment) causa; de- 
trahere aliquid de summa (v. TO ABATE): 
landed estates are at a d., jacent pretia 
praediorum, Cic.: genius is at a d., 
sordent ingenia, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 4. 

discounter ; fénérator (gen. term): 
Vv. USURER. 

discountenance: |. Zo put to 
shame: V. TO ABASH. ||. Zo disap- 
1, imprébo, 1: v. TO DISAP- 
PROVE. 9. aversor, 1 (to twrn away 
the face from; hence, to dislike, object 
to): tod. flattery, adulationes a., Suet. 

3. abhorreo, 2: 7. TO DISLIKE. 4, 

adversor, répugno: v. TO OPPOSE. 

discourage: |. To deprive of 
courage : . expr. by means of 
animus (sing. or pl., as one person or 
more is meant), with various verbs: 
(1.) frango, fregi, fractum, 3 (in wider 
sense, to depress, cast down): Join: 
franguntur et debilitantur animi, Cic. : 
also with abl., frangi animo, Cic.: (2.) 
infringo, 3: fo d. the enemy, animos 
hostium infringere, Liv.: (3.) démitto, 
misi, missum, 3 (with animum, animos, 
to be d.d): Join: debilitari, animum- 
que demittere, Cic.: «lso with abl., de- 
mittere se animo, Caes.- (4.) débilito, 
1 (to enfeeble): what is there that can 
d. me, quid est qnod animum meum 
frangere aut d. possit? Cic.: also, de- 
bilitari is used absol., to be dd: dd 


JSrom the pursuit of civil law, debilitati 


a jure cognoscendo, Cic.: (5.) minuo, 
ui, itum, 3: fo d. a person, alicui anim- 
um m., Liv.: (6.) cado, cécidi, casum, 
3 (with animus (animi] as subject, or in 
abl., to be d.d): they had been d.d by 
disaster, cladibus (illis) animi cecide- 
rant, Liv.: we ought not to be so d.d, 
non debemus ita cadere animis, Cic. : 
(7.) déficio, féci, 3 (with animo, animis, 
to be d.d): he had not been d.d by such 
a disaster, animo non defecerat, tanto 
accepto incommodo, Caes.: (8.) de- 
spondeo, 2 (to be d.d): v. TO DESPOND. 
9. exanimo, I: Vv. TO DISHEARTEN. 
(Other stronger expressions are, animum 
percellere, affligere: v. TO PARALYSE.) 
Phr.: don’t be dd, timorem omitte! 
Cic.: the enemy were d.d, hostibus 
timor injectus est, Cic. ||, Zo deter, 
dissuade : 1, déterreo, terreo, 2: v. 
TO DETER. 9. déhortor, 1: many 
things d. my siding with you, multa me 
d. a vobis, Sall.: v. TO DISSUADE. 
discouragement: |. Loss of 
courage: animi infractio, debilitatio, 
abjectio, Cic. (Or expr. by verb: do 
not yield to d.,ne cadite animis! such 
was the d. of the enemy, adeo defecerant 
animis hostes: v. TO DISCOURAGE.) |], 
That which tends to deprive of courage : 
incommédum (any untoward event), 
calamitas, plaga: v. BLOW. ll. That 
which tends to deter or dissuade: im- 
pédimentum, méra: » HINDRANCE. 
discouraging (4).): 1, ad- 
versus: V. UNFAVOUBABLE. 9. in- 
commédus (in any way untoward): v. 
DISADVANTAGEOUS. 
_discouragingly: Phr.: to speak 
d., *apta ad animos hominum infring- 
endos dicere ; parum erecto animo loqui. 
discourse (0.): i. e. to speak at 
1. disséro, 








] ui, rtum, 3: to d. upon the constitution, 


de republica d., Cic.: to d. at length on 
a subject, permulta de aliqua re d., Cic.: 


Vv. TO DIS€USS. 9. tracto, 1: v. TO 
TREAT. 3, sermocinor, I: V. TO CON- 
VERSE. 4, mémé6ro, I: v. TO RE- 
LATE. 5, verba facio, féci, factum 
3: Cic. 


discourse (subs.): |. Conversa- 
tion on any subject : 1, sermo, dnis, 
m. (most general term): various d., 
varius s., Virg.: Cic.: v. CONVERSATION. 
Q, verba (neut. pl.): to indulge in 
d., v. facere, Cic. ||. A set composi- 
tion: 1, dratio (dimin. oratiuncula): 
Vv. SPEECH. 2. concio or contio: v. 
SERMON, HARANGUE. 3. schéla (of a 
philosophical kind : axoAy): Cic. 4. 
acroasis, is, f. (before a learned body) : 
v. LECTURE. 5, libellus (as written): 
V. TREATISE. 
discourteous : 1, inhumanus 
(wanting in refinement and kindness) : 
Cie. 2. inurbanus: v. UNPOLITE. 
3, difficils,e: V.ILE-TEMPERED. 4, 
inofficidsus (in aliquem): Cic.: v. DIS- 
OBLIGING. 5, illépidus (disagreeable, 
unmannerly): Pl.: Cic. 
discourteously: inhumaniter, in- 
urbané, illépidé: for syn., v. DIS- 
COURTEOUS. 
discourteousness ? inhumanitas: 
discourtesy ic. 
discover: |, To open up, dis- 
close: apério, patéfacio, etc.: v. TO DIS- 
CLOSE, REVEAL. |, To findout: 1, 
invénio, véni, ventum, 4 (esp., but not 
solely, of what is accidentally d.’d): tod. 
a conspiracy, conjurationem in., Cic.: v. 
TO FIND OUT. Q, répério, péri, pertum, 
4 (by search): tod. the art of healing, 
medicinam r., Quint.: to d. the use of 
the saw, serrae r. usum, Ov. 3, de- 
tégo, dépréhendo: v. TO DETECT, FIND 
our. 
discoverer: 1. inventor (f. in- 
ventrix, icis, Virg.): the d. of the olive, 
oOlivae inv., Cic. 2, répertor (f. re- 
pertrix, Apul.): the d. of honey, mellis 
r., Ov.: the d. of the heating art, medi- 
cinae r., Virg.: Vv. also INVENTOR. 
discovery: |, 4 making known: 
patéfactio: Vv. REVELATION. ll. A 
Jjinding out : 1, inventio, Cic.: Plin. 
2. excdgitatio (by careful thought): 
Cic. 3, investigatio (tracing out step 
by step): Cic. (Or expr. by verb: after 
the d. of the acorn, glande reperta, Ov.: 
v. TO DISCOVER.) II]. That which is 
found out: 1. inventum (or in 
prose, as part.): the healing art ts 
my d., inv. medicina meum est, Ov.: 
Cic. 2. répertum (in prose, only 
as part.): noble d.s, praeclare reperta, 
Lucr.: many great d.s, *multa praeclare 
reperta: V. TO DISCOVER. Phr.: @ voy- 
age of d., *navigatio ad terras explor- 
andas suscepta. x 
discredit (subs.): |. The condi- 
tion of not being credited (a rare sense): 
V. DISBELIEF. I]. Disgrace, % is 
1, labes, is, 7. (lit. a blot, stain): 
fig. to bring d. upon the upright, |labem 
integris inferre, Cic.; on any one’s hone 
our, 1. dignitati alicujus aspergere, Cic. 
2, maciila (a spot, stain): to bring 
d. on oneself, m. suscipere (with abl. 
of cause), Cic.: Ter. (N.B. Both 
macula and labes are rather stronger 
than the Eng.) 3. dédécus, ris, ”.: 
to be a d. to one’s order, ordini suo de- 
decori esse, Auct. Her.: v. DISGRACE. 
4. invidia (il-feeling, odium) : 
Cic.: Vv. UNPOPULARITY. Phr.: to fall 
into d., existimations detrimentum 
(jacturam) facere, Nep.: to be in general 
d., apud quosque improbari, Cic.: to be 
utterly in d. (of Pompey), totum jacere, 
Cic.: the courts were in d., judicia jace- 
bant, Cic.: to be no d. to, probro alicui 
non esse, Cic. 
discredit (v.): |, To disbelieve: 
non credo, fidem alicui non habeo: v. 
TO DISBELIEVE. |], Zo bring d. on: 
v. preced. art. (I1.). 
discreditable : 1, inhénestus . 
V. DISHONOURABLE. indécorus : 
V. UNBECOMING, DISGRACEFUL. PhS.; 


DISCREDITABLY 


DISDAIN DISEASED 





tt is by no means d., minime (mili, 
tibi) probro est: V,. DISCREDIT, DIS- 
GRACE. 

discreditably: inhinesté: v. Dis- 
HONOURABLY, 

discreet: 1, considératus (act- 
ing uith consideration, done with cun- 
sideration): he thought tt d., considerati 
hominis esse putavit, Cic.: v. CAUTIOUS, 
DELIBERATE. 2. pradens, ntis: v 
PRUDENT, SAGACIOUS 3, providus 
(foreseeing, penetrating): not very cau- 
tious or d., parum cautus providusque, 
Cic. 4, sapiens, ntis Luelius called 
the d. (wise), Laelius is qui sapiens nsur- 
patur, Cic.: v. WISR. 5. cautus: 
subtle and d. in the choice of words, in 
verbis serendis tenuis cautusque, Hor. : 
v. CAUTIOUS. 6, sanus (sound, sensi- 
ble): a very d. man, (homo) bene sanus 
ac non incautus, Hor.: d. minds, 8. 
animi, Liv. Phr.: to be d., sapére, Cic.: 
V. PRUDENT, SENSIBLE. 

discreetly; considératé, priidenter 
gerere, Aug. ap. Suet.: Cic.: sapienter: 
V. PRUDENTLY. (Sometimes an adj. may 
be used: d. unharness the steed that ws 
getting old, solve senescentem sanus 
equum, Hor.: v. L. G. § 343-) 

discreetness : V- DISCRETION. 

discrepancy: discrépantia: v. DIs- 
AGREEMENT. Phr.: there ts a d. be- 
tween authorities, parum convenit, dis- 
crepat inter auctores, Liv.: v. TO DIS- 
AGREE. 

discretion: |, Discreetness: 1, 
sanitas: in an agitated mind there 
cannot be d., in perturbato animo s. 
esse non potest, Cic.: to return to d. (of 
those who have been acting violently), 
ad s. redire, Cic.; reverti, Caes,: there 
was no more d.in the senate than in the 
forum, nibilo plus sanitatis in curia 
quam in foro esse, Liv. 2. judicium: 
to do anything with d., judicio aliquid 
facere, Cic.: v. JUDGMENT. 3, prid- 
entia: Vv. PRUDENCE. Phr.: to show 
d., sapere, Pl.: Cic.: d. is the better part 
of valour, *animus bene cautus optimus. 

(|. Entire control: 1, arbitrium: 

peace and war were left to Quintius’s 
d., liberum ar. pacis ac belli Quintio 
permissum, Liv.: to excite the feelings 
of an audience at one’s d., mentes eorum 
qui audiunt ad ar. suum movere, Cic. : 
to surrender at d., victoris ar. exspectare, 
Curt. Q, arbittatus, is: (to do any- 
thing) at one’s own d., suo arbitratu, Pl. : 
Cic.: v. PLEASURE. Phr.: (a.) to have 
arrived at years of d.,adolevisse ; adult- 
um (adultam), adulta aetate esse (v. TO 
GROW UP): all those who have arrived 
at years of d., omnes puberes, Liv. (v. 
FULL-GROWN): of a Roman citizen, 
togam virilem or puram sumere, Cic. ; 
praetextam deponere, Val. Max.; sui 
juris fieri, Cic.: to have wasted all one's 
fortune before arriving at years of d., 
praetextatum decoquere, Cic.: with ref. 
to intellect, perh. *cui mens animusque 
jam constat. (6.) to act at d. (v. also 
supr. 1, 2): he had been empowered to 
act at d., permissum ipsi erat, faceret 
quod e republica duceret esse, Liv.: 
also, libere ad summam rerum (opp. to 
ex praescripto) agere, Caes.; consilium 
capere ex re et tempore, Cic. (c.) to 
surrender at d., se suaque omnia all- 
cujus potestati permittere, suas fortunas 
alicujus fidei permittere, Caes. (see also 


ae Dee : 
scretionary: Phr.: to give any 
one d. over any matter, liberum 
arbitrium alicui cujuspiam rei (de re 
uapiam) permittere, Liv.: thereby the 
ullest d, power is given to a magistrate, 
ea potestas magistratui maxima per- 
mittitur, Sall.: ambassadors from the 
Aetolians came with d. powers, legati ab 
Aetolis cum liberis mandatis venerunt, 
Liv : v. FULL, DISCRETION (IL.). 
discriminate; dijiidico, distinguo, 
internosco: v. TO DISTINGUISH. (Dis- 
crimino occurs in Sen., but is very 
rare.) 
discriminating: =|, Distinguash- 
tng: chiefly in phr., a d. mark: a 
discrimen, inis, .: all the d. marks of 








ne fastidieris nos in sacerdoiui: numere 
um accipere, Liv. 6, respuo, 3: v. 
TO REJECT, Phr.: J d. to lie, mentiri 
nescio, Juv.: thou dest our gifts, sordent 
tibi munera nostra, Virg.: Pelides ding 
to yield, P, cedere nescius, Hor.; not 
ding to be called..., patiens vocari, 
Hor.: to d. to touch the lute, barbiton 
tendere refugere, Hor.; who has sperno 
also with inf., Od. 1, 1, 20. (N.B. 7o 
d. to do a thing, may usu. be expr. by 
making the inf. a subs.: to d. to be in- 
structed, doctrinam, magistros aspernari: 
to d. to tell a lie, nolle in se mendacia 
admittere; mendacia respuere: y. TO 
SCORN.) 

disdain (subs.): 1, fastidium (esp. 
as a feeling developed by over indulg- 
ence): let us avoid d. and arrogance, f. 
arrogantiamque fugiamus, Cic.: poet. 
olten pl.: to bear proud d., f. superba 
pati, Virg.: Hor. Q, fastus, iis (poet.): 
d. dwells in the fair, f. inest pulchris, 
Ov.: also often pl.: Ov.: Prop. 3. 
contemptio, despicientia, aspernatio 
(Tare): ¥. CONTEMPT, SCORN, Phr.:; to 
treat with d., dédignor, aspernor, etc, : 
Vv. preced. art. 

disdainful : 1, fastididsus: d. of 
the land (ot one who builds in the sea): f. 
terrae, Hor.: Cic. 2, fastdsus (poet.): 
Petr.: Mart. 3. siiperbus: v. proup, 
ARROGANT. Pbhr.: how d. the braggart 
ts! ut fastidit gluriosus! Pl. See also 
BOASTFUL, SCORNFUL. 
disdainfully: 1, fastididsé ; Cic, 

2, stiperbé : v. ARROGANTLY. SCORN- 
FULLY. hr.: to treat d., look d. upon, 
fastidire, with acc.: v. TO DISDAIN. 

disdainfulness; fastidia (n. pl.): 
ef. L. G. § 591: or, animus fustidiosus ; 
V. DISDAINFUL. 
disease (subs.): 1, morbus (most 
gen. term): sick of a severe d., morbo 
gravi aeger, Cic.: a d. of the mind, animi 
m.,Cic.: to be subject to d.s (of trees), in- 
festuri morbis, Plin.: to fall ill of a d., in 
morbum cadere, incidere, delabi (gradu- 
ally), Cic.: to catch a d., m. contrahere, 
Plin.: to suffer from d., morbo laborare, 
Cic.: to recover from a d., ex morbo 
convalescere, recreari, evadere, morbo 
liberari, Cic.: to cure a d., morbo mederi, 
Cic.; morbum depellere (to get rid of 
it), Cic.; m. discutere, med. ¢. ¢.: to 
treat a d., morbo curationem adhibere, 
Cic.: to assuage the violence of d., morbi 
impetum lenire, Petr.: to die of d. (by 
natural death), morbo mori, perire, 
Nep.; morbo absumi, Sall.: the d. in- 
creases, m. amplior fit, Ter. ; ingravescit, 
Cic. ; aggravescit, Suet.: gels the mas- 
tery, praevalet, Plin.: remains station- 
ary, consistit, Cels.: decreases, minuitur, 
Cels.; se minuit, Plin.; declinat, Plin.; 
decrescit, Cels.: departs, decedit, Cels.: 
becomes deep-rooted, inveterascit, Cels.: 
returns, recurrit. Gell.: is propagated 
he editarily, per successionem traditur, 
Plin. Ep. spreads to others, in alios 
vulgatur, Curt.: an hereditary d., m. 
patrius, Plin. Ep.: acute d.s, m. acuti, 
Cels.: chronic d.s, m. chronici, Coel. 
Aur.: intermittent d.s, m. periodici, v. 
INTERMITTENT. 2, aegrotatio (the 
state of suffering from a disease): V. 
SICKNESS, ILLNESS. 3, aegritiido, inis, 
J. (like aegrotatio, but very rare in this 
sense): T'ac.: Plin. 4, malum (where 
the context. explains): Cels.: Ov.: blight 
is a d. of vines, vinearum m. est robigo, 
Plin. §, vitium (only of plants): ds 

liar to the fig-tree, v. tici pecuiiaria, 

in, Phr.: a contagious d, contagio, 
onis, f.: Sall.; contagium, usu. poet. 
in pl.: Virg.: V. PESTILENCE. 

diseased (part. adj.): ], mor- 
bidus (infected with a distemper or com- 
plaint: rare): d bees, m. apes, Varr.: 
a da. body, m. corpus, Plin. 2. mor- 
bdsus (not necessarily suffering at the 
time, but subject to some disease) : da. 
cattle, m. pecus, Varr.: Cato. 3. 
aegrotus (suffering at the time): VY, 
SICK, ILL. Fig.: the d. commonwealth, 
ae. respublica, Cic. 4, aeger, gra 
grum (used of both body and mind): Vv. 
ILL: d. in mind, animo ae., Cic.: fig, 

215 




























ranks, omnia d. quibus ordines discern- 
erentur, Liv. 34, 54: Quint.: v. pis- 
TINCTION. Q, nota: insigne: v. MARK. 
||. Capable of discrimination: 1, 
perspicax (sharp-sighted, bodily or men- 
tally): Cic. 2. subtilis, e: (fine, 
keen, in judgment): a d. critic, s, jadex 
(veterum), Hor.: a@ judicious and d 
reader, sapiens s.que lector, Plin. Ep. 
8. ténuis (like subtilis, but rare) : 
d. in the choice of words, t. (cautusque) 
in verbis serendis, Hor, Phr.: @ d. 
admirer, *qui non temere omnia, sed ex 
diligenti subtilique judicio unamquam- 
que rem miratur. 
discrimination: |. Ze act of 
distinguishing: distinctio, discrimen : 
V. DISTINCTION. I. Discernment : 
jidicium, discrimen: v. DISCERNMENT, 
NICETY, 
discrown: *alicui insigne regium 
de capite detrahere, 
discursive: |, Rambling: 1, 
varius: d. talk, v. sermo, Virg. 2: 
vigus: V, DESULTORY, RAMBLING. ll. 
Reasoning : 1, ralidnalis, e: v. Ra- 
TIONAL, Q, riitidcinaiivus (relating 
to reason or argument): Cic. Phr.: the 
d. faculty (Gr. dcavora), ratiocinatio, 
*discursus, ratio: v. Sir W. Hamilton, 
eid, p. 768. 
discursively : |. Freely, im a 
desultory way: strictim: V. CURSORILY. 
Il. By reasoning: Fhr.: to reason 
d., ratiocinari, rativcinativo genere uti: 
v. TO REASON, 
discuss: 1. Agito, 1 (to canvass 
Freely): the conduct of the consul was 
d.’d, de facto consulis agitari (hist. in/.), 
Sall.: Caes.: tod. athing at large, rem 
multum a., Lact. Q, discepto, 1 (cave- 
Sully to consider, looking at both sides 
of a question : usu. with de): to d. con- 
troversies, de controversiis d., Caes.: all 
the terms of the treaty are d.’d, de om- 
nibus conditionibus disceptatur, Caes. : 
Cic.: V. TO DEBATE, 3. dispiito, 1 
(like discepto, but used with ref. to 
opinions, whereas discepto refers rather 
to disputed interests, legal questions, 
etc.): to d. the stars, de sideribus d., 
Caes.: the point which is being d.’d, id 
de quo disputatur, Cic. 4, dissero, ui, 
rtum, 3: V. TO DISCOURSE. 5, ago, 
égi, actum, 3 (like agito): to d. terms of 
peace, de conditionibus pacis a., Liv.: 
Cic.: v. TO DEBATE. Phr.: to d. a 
question, quaestionem excutere (not dis- 
cutere), Quint. 
discussion: 1, disputatio: to enter 
upon a discussion on a subject, d. de ali- 
qua re incipere, Cic.: to hold a d., d. in 
utramque partem habere, Caes. > 
disceptatio (for diff. between this and 
preced., v. TO DISCUSS, 3): Vv, DEBATE. 
8, contentio, certamen: v. DISPUTE, 
contest. Phr.; during the d., *interea 
dum disputatur: the conduct of the con- 
sul excited very hot d., *de facto consulis 
acerrime agitabatur (v. TO DISCUSS): 
there is a learned d. of the point in..., 
*doctissime tractatur ea res apud... 
(v. TO TREAT). 
discutient;: discussorius: to have a 
d. force, d. vim habere, Plin.: to be a d. 
(for any disease), discutére, with acc., 
Plin. 
disdain (v.): 1, dédignor, 1 (chiefly 
poet., and with acc.): whose wooing I 
have already so often d.’d, quos ego sum 
toties jam dedignata maritos, Virg.: 
Curt.: poet. with inf.: she d.’d not to 
fall at the knees of Jove, genibus pro- 
cumbere non est dedignata Jovis, Ov. : 
2. indignor, 1 (usu. denoting an 
indignant, angry feeling at something 
uhich has been or ts being done): to d, 
to learn, discere ind., Quint.: Arazes 
d.ing to be bridged, pontem indignatus 
Araxes, Virg.: V. INDIGNANT, TO BE. 
8, aspernor, 1: Vv. TO SPURN, SLIGHT, 
REJECT. 4, despicio, 3: v. TO LooK 
DOWN UPON, DESPISE. 5, fastidio, 4 
(to look with disgust and discontent 
upon): to d. all generals after Alex- 
ander, post Alexandrum omnes duces f., 
Just.: Quint.: rare with inf.: d. not to 
admit us into the number of the priests, 


DISEMBARK 





of the state, Cic. (Aegrotus when ap- 
plied to the mind is fig.: aeger may 
refer to any kind of ailing or afflicted 
condition.) Phr.: to be d., morbo 
affectum esse, tabescere (of long and 
enervating disease), Cic. (Not aegrotare, 
which is to be sick or ill, q. v.: but 
aegrotare may be used fig., as of the 
state: comp. supr. 3.) 
disembark: {, Trans.: a 
expono, pdsui, positum, 3 (eX Navi, 
navibus): to d, troops, milites ex na- 
vibus ex. [de puppibus altis, Virg.], 
Caes.: in terram is often added, Caes. ; 
also, in litora, Liv.; in litore, Just. 
Expono is also used absol., I brought 
the corn (by sea), I d.’d it, frumentum 
advexi, exposui, Cic. 2, depono, 3 
(rare): same constr. as preced.: Hirt.: 
Just. 3. @diico, xi, ctum, 3 (where a 
military movement is intended): he 
immediately d.'d his troops and routed, 
etc., statim ex classe copias eduxit, pro- 
stravitque, etc., Nep. Cim. 2, 5. Il. 
Intrans.: 1, egrédior, gressus, 3: 
with or without e navi (navibus) and in 
terram: Caes.: Cic.: also with ace., 
navem egredi, Liv. (comp. supr. 1). 
2, exeo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (with 
or without e navi, navibus: less freq. 
than preced.): to d. at Ostia, exire 
Ostiae, Cic. (but the more strict sense 
of the phr., is to quit the ship, whether 
reaching land or not: comp. Cic. Att. 
2, 7, ad jin.; Nep. Them. 8, fin.). 3. 
évado, si, sum, 3 (Same constr. as pre- 
ced.): esp. where there is any difficulty 
in getting ashore: cf. Liv. 29, 27, jin. 
N.B. Not escendo, which in Nep. Them. 
8, 6, is to embark. In Liv. 29, 11, 
escendere Delphos, is to ascend to Delphi. 
But exscensio is used of a descent upon 
the coast. Phr.: to look for a place to 
d., accessum petere, Liv. 
disembarkation : 1, égressus, 
tis: the best place for d., qua optimus 
est e., Caes.: Hirt. 9. exscensio: 
i. e. a descent upon the coast: q. v. 
(Very often better expr. by verb: a 
suitable place for d., locus ad egredi- 
endum idoneus, Caes.: after the d. of 
the army, exposito exercitu, quum ex- 
ercitus expositus esset: v. TO DISEM- 


BARK.) 

disembarrass : 1. expédio, 4: 
V. TO EXTRICATE. Q. libéro, 1: v. To 
FREE, DELIVER. 3. solvo, exsolvo, 


3: V. TO RELEASE. 

disembarrassment : 
TION, RELEASE. 

disembitter: v. TO SWEETEN. 

disembodied : |. In_ military 
sense: V. DISBANDED. Il. Freed from 
the body: corpore sdlitus : the d. spirit, 
anima (animus) s. corpore, Quint. 
Phr.: d. spirits, animi (qui) corpore 
excessere, qui ex corporum vinculis 
tanquam e carcere evolaverunt, Cic.: in 
mythol. sense, umbrae: v. SHADES. 
(Corporis expers would not denote the 
former possession of a body.) 

disembogue: of rivers: exeo, évol- 
vor, effundor: v. TO DISCHARGE. 

disembowel: exentéro, éviscéro, 1: 
v. TO EMBOWEL. 

disembroil: compono, pésui, po- 
situm, 3: to d. the troubled waves, 
motos c. fluctus, Virg.: Hor.: v. To 
SETTLE, COMPOSE. Phr.: this strife (of 
chaos) the deity d.’d, hanc deus litem 
diremit, Ov. 

disenabled (part. adj.): 
ABLED, DISQUALIFIED. 

disenchant : |. Lit.: to free 
rom the influence of spells: ile 
solvo, vi, Utum, 3 (with some defining 
word): d.’d by the spell of a cleverer 
witch, solutus veneficae carmine [in- 
cantamentis} scientioris, Hor. PA. 
fascinationes réperciitio, cussi, cussum, 
3: v. Plin. 28, 4, 7 (but the sense is 
somewhat diff. from the Eng.). Si 
perh. expédio, 4: d.’d by means of same 
wand, *eadem virgi fascinationum vin- 
culis expeditus. ll. Fig.: to free 
from an illusion: alicui voluptatem 
extorqueo, gratum (gratissimum) error- 
em demo, y. Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 140. 

216 


Vv. EXTRICA- 


Vv. DIS- 





DISFAVOUR 


exOnéro, I: 


disencumber: 1, ex 
to d. vessels by throwing things over- 


board, navigia jactu ex., Sen.: v. TO UN- 


LOAD. 9. laxo, 1: hed.d his shoul- 
ders laden with the quiver, pharetra 
graves laxavit humeros, Sen. 2 
(onere) lévo, 1: Vv. TO RELIEVE. Phr.: 
having d.d themselves of their baggage, 
relictis impedimentis, Caes.: d.’d of 
cares, expeditus curis, Hor. 

disengage : |, To separate one 
element from another : résolvo, secerno : 
Vv. 10 DECOMPOSE, SEPARATE. I]. Zo 
withdraw a thing from that with which 
it is entangled : 1. expédio, 4: tod. 
@ person who is entangled, aliquem illi- 
gatum (aliqua re) ex., Hor.: to d. bread 
Strom the baskets (containing it), ex. Cer- 
erem canistris, Virg. 9. libéro, 1: 
Vv. TO RELEASE. 8, abstraho, xi, ctum, 
3: tod. sponges (tear them away from 
the rock), spongias abs., Plin.: who d.d 
him from her, quis abstraxit eum ab 
illa? Ter.: tod. the mind from the body, 
animum a corpore abs., Cic. 4, dis- 
traho, 3: Cic. 5, abdtico, xi, ctum, 
3 (esp. fig.): (like abstraho), tod. the 
thoughts from everyday matters, cogita- 


tionem e consuetudine ab., Cic. 6. 

avoco, révoco, I: Vv. TO CALL AWAY. 
disengaged (part. adj.): I. 

Part.: v. preced., art. |]. Adj.: Un- 


occupied : 1, vacuus (esp. of lovers) : 
hoping you would be ever d., semper te 
vacuam sperans, Hor.: in gen. sense, as 
we knew you to be d., quum te sciremus 
esse v., Cic. 9, Otidsus: V. LEISURE, 
AT. 3. feriatus (having holiday): d. 
Srom public business, f. negotiis publi- 
cis, Cic. Phr.: d. from cares, curis 
solutus, expeditus, curis exsolutus (v. 
FREE): to be d. for (i. e. have time for) 
a chat, sermoni vacare, Plin. 

disengagement: |. The act of 
setting Jree, libératio: V. RELEASE. |], 
The act of detaching: dissdciatio: the 
d. of soul and body, spiritis et corporis 
d., Tac.: v. SEPARATION. 

disennoble:; to deprive of rank: 
*de statu honoris dejicio umoveo: v. 
TO DEGRADE. 

disenroll : 
mitto, 3: v. TO DISBAND. 
punge from a list: @rado, 3: v. 
ERASE. 

disentangle: 1, explico, avi and 
ti, atum and itum, 1 (to free from en- 
tanglement) : to d. oneself in some way, 
se aliqua ratione (laqueis) ex., Cic.: to d. 
hair, capillos fusos ex., Varr. (R. & A.) 

2. enddo, 1 (to free from knots: 
more freq. in fig. sense): to d. the in- 
tricacies of law, laqueos juris e., Gell. 
8, exsolvo, vi, itum, 3: v. TO UN- 

FASTEN, LOOSEN. 4, expédio, 4 (to 
get out of difficulties): to d. oneself 
Srom the toils, se laqueis ex., Cic.; Vv. TO 
DISENGAGE. 

disentrance: somnis exsolvo: see 
also TO DISENCHANT (II.). 

disesteem (subs.) : contemptus, con- 
temptio: v.CcONTEMPT. Phr.: you hold 
my merits in d., ta me bene merentem 
despicatui habes, Pl.: to fall into d., 
existimationem perdere, Auct. ad Her. : 
the wine has fallen into d., vinum no- 
men perdidit, Cato. 

disesteem (v.): parvi aestimo, con- 
temno: v. TO DESPISE, DISREGARD. 

disfavour (swbs.) : 1, offensio : 
to fall into d. with any one, suscipere 
[invidiam atque] off. apud aliquem; in 
odium off.que alicujus incurrere, Cic. : 
great d., gravis of. Cic. Dimin., offen- 
siunetila, slight d., Cic. 2. offensa 
(esp. when lasting): I am in very great 
d. with Pompey, magna in offensa sum 
apud Pompeium, Cic.: to get into great 
d. (with an emperor), gravissimam off. 
(apud principem) contrahere, Suet. 8, 
invidia (ill-feeling on the part of the 
people) : Cic. (v. swpr.): Vv. UNPOPULAR- 
ITY. 4, frigus, 6ris, n. (on the part 
of the great): to smite any one with 
your d.(as a patron), frigore aliquem 
ferire, Hor.: Sen. Phr.: to get into d. 
with the people, plebem offendere, Cic. 
(¥, TO OFFEND); populi studium amit- 


|. To discharge: di- 
Il. To ex- 
TO 











DISGRACE 


tere, Cic.: in d. with any one, offensus 
{invisusque] alicui, Cic.: to be im com- 
plete d. (with the people), totum jacere, 
Cic.: see also DISPLEASURE, ODIUM. 

disfavour (v.): imprébo, abhorreo 
(with abl.) : v. TO DISAPPROVE, DISCOUN- 
TENANCE. : 

disfiguration: Vv. DISFIGUREMENT. 

disfigure: 1, déformo, 1 (to alter 
the natural form in any way; but usu. 
for the worse): to d. the features (of 
starvation), vultum d., Virg.: walls bare 
and d.d, parietes nudi ac deformati, Cic. 

2. foedo, t (to disfigure offensively, 

brutally): to d. the face with talons, ora 
unguibus f., Virg.: Liv.: v. To POL- 
LUTE. 3, turpo, r (sim. to foedo, but 
less strong): @ scar ds the brow, t. 
frontem cicatrix, Hor.: to d. fair shoul- 
ders, candidos humeros t., Hor.: Tac. 

disfigured (part. adj): 1, foe- 
dus: that the face may be less d., quo 
minus foeda facies sit, Cels.: busts d. by 
black smoke, f. nigro simulacra fumo, 
Hor. 2, turpis, e: Vv. UNSIGHTLY. 
(Also part. of verbs under preced, art. : 
q. v-) 

disfigurement: 1, déformatio: 
Vv. TO DISFIGURE 3 and comp. Liv. 9, 5, 
Jin. 2, déformitas : without d. of face, 
citra d. oris (from an operation), Plin. 

3. foeditas (stronger than the pre- 

ced.: of what is hideous: q. v.): d. of 
scars, f. cicatricum, Plin. Phr.: nor 
were tears ad. to her, nec facta est la- 
crymis turpior ilia suis (nec turpabant 
illam lacrymae sis 4 Ov. 

disfiguring (adj.): 1, foedus : 
ad.scar,Hor. Q, turpis,e: v. uGry, 
UNSIGHTLY. 

disfranchise: _ 1, expr. by civi- 
tas, and various verbs: to d. a citizen, 
alicui civitatem adimere, Cic.: to d. one- 
self (by one’s own act), sibi civitatem 
abjudicare, Cic.: to become d.d, c. amit- 
tere, Cic. 2. suffragio (or suffragiis, 
of a number, privo), 1 (to deprive of the 
right of voting, whereas civitatem is to 
deprive of citizenship totally): to d. the 
Roman people, Populum R. suffragils 
pr., Cie. (As syn. with civitatem adim- 
ere, we find also in tabulas Caeritium 
referre, and aerarium facere, Ascon. ad 
Cic. Div.: Gell.) 

disfranchised: civitate, suffragio 
privatus: v. preced. art. 

disfranchisement: expr. by verb: 
to punish by d., civitatem adimere, ete. : 
V. TO DISFRANCHISE. Phr.: deserving 
d., Caerite cera dignus, Hor. 

disfurnished( part. adj.) : nidatus. 


d. walls, n. parietes, Cic.: v. BARE, 
EMPTY. 
disgorge: 1. vomo, ui, itum, 3 


(like its comps. both lit. and fig.): whe- 
ther he drank or d.d more, an plus bi- 
berit, an vomuerit, Cic.: to d. morsels 
mixed with wine, frusta vino glomerata 
v., Ov. : to d. money, argentum v., Cic. 
2. révdmo, 3 (more precisely) : 
Nig.: Plin. 3. évomo, 3: tod. money, 
pecuniam devoratam e., Cic.: v. TO 
VOMIT FORTH. 4, &géro, gessi, ges- 
tum, 3: to d. a hook, hamum e., Plin. 
5, éructo, 1: Virg.: Gell.: v. To 
BELCH FORTH. 
disgrace (subs.) : |. Zll-odour 
with any one: offensa, offensio, invidia, 
frigus: v. DISFAVoUR. |], Dishonour: 
1, dédécus, coris, m.: a@ spacious 
house becomes a source of d. to the owner, 
ampla domus dedecori domino fit, Cic, : 
ad. to nature (i. e. the ass), naturae d., 
Phaedr. Join: ignominia et dedecus, 
probrum atque dedeeus, Cic. 2. tur- 
pitiido, inis, f.: with d. (to oneself), per 
turp., Sall.: branded with signal d., in- 
signi t. notatus, Cic.: what a d. to the 
commonwealth, quanta reipublicae t., 
ae dedecus, quanta labes], Cic. 
Turpitudo is strictly abstract, dedecus 
concrete ) 3, intamia: v. INFAMY. 
4, ignominia (public d.): to wipe 
out by valour a d. incurred in war 
ign. bello acceptam delere, Just. Join: 
ignominia et infamia, Cic. : v. IGNOMINY. 
5. probrum (corresponding to ige 
nominia as concrete to abstr.) ; to deenr 


ee aes Me | 
3 





DISGRACE 


anything a d., aliquid probro esse put- 
are, Cic.; probro habere, Sall. See also 
INSULT, SCANDAL. 6, opprobrium (a 
reproach: q. v.): a d. to one's ancestors, 
op. majorum, ‘l'ac.: Cat. 7, labes, is, 
Ff. (fig.: lit, @ blot, stain: q.v.): to 
wipe oué a d., 1. prioris ignominiae abol- 
ere, Tac.: see also supr. (2). 8. 
riibor, dris, m. (lit. blushing: hence by 
meton., of what is felt to be a disgrace) : 
to bring d. upon the condemned, rv. dam- 
nato afferre, Cic.: nor is it deemed a d., 
nec rubor, ‘I'ac. (better perh., nec rubori 
est: v. sup”.). Phr.: that d. of human 
nature, flagitium illud hominis! Pl. 

disgrace (v.): |, 7 put out of 
favour: only used in p. part.: Vv. DIs- 
G&ACED, ||. Vo deprive of position or 
rank : ignominia ndto, 1 (of a soldier) ; 
ordinem idimo (of a centurion); tribu 
moveo (of a citizen); etc.: V. TO DE- 
GRADE, [J], (Usual sense): to bring 
dishonour upon : 1, dédécéro, 1: to 
d. oneself by a vicious life, se flagitiis d., 
Sall.: Cic. 9. d&hdnesto, 1: to stain 
and d. any one’s good name, alicujus 
famam maculare atque d., Liv.: v. TO 
DISHONOUR. 8. expr. by means of 
turpitiido, etc. (v. DISGRACE, 2): this 
order has been d.d, concepta (inusta) est 
huic ordini turpitudo, based on Cic.: a 
person is not dd by such a sentence, 
tale judicium nullam habet turpitudi- 
nem, based on Cic.: how deeply are we 
dd, quanta turpitudinis labe afficimur! 
quanta ignominia atque infamia labora- 
mus ! V. DISGRACE. 4, commacilo, 1 
(to blot, stain): to ad. oneself by (illegal) 
canvassing, se ambitu c., Cic. . de- 
formo, 1 (to mar, spoil): tod. a victory 
by a massacre, Victoriam clade d., Liv.: 
Cic. 6, infamo, r (Vv. rare): Prop. 

7. dégénéro, 1 (by degeneracy): to 

d. one’s kein, propinquos d., Prop. (a rare 
constr.). 8, tradiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
expose to disgrace): to d. wives and 
children in the eyes of men, conjuges, 
liberos tr. per ora hominum, Liv. 

disgraced : In disfavour : 
*de gratia (principis) dejectus; qui 
(principis) frigore percussus est: Vv. 
DISFAVOUR. |]. Covered with dis- 
grace: 1, intamis, e: d. by vice, fla~ 
gitiis (per flagitia, Tac.) inf, Cic.: v. 
INFAMOUS. Q. probrosus (publicly 
scandalous): Tac.: Vv. DISGRACEFUL. 
Phr.: deeply d. by abominable crimes, 
nefariis sceleribus coopertus, Cic.: Liv. 
See also TO DISGRACE. 

disgraceful: _1, turpis, e (most 
comprehensive word): ad. flight or a 
glorious death, turpis fuga aut gloriosa 
mors, Cic.: ad. rejection, turpis repulsa, 
Hor.: d. morals, turpes mores, Pl.: @ 
most d. person, homo turpissimus [et 
sordidissimus], Cic.: somewhat d., sub- 
turpis, Cic. 2. ignOminidsus: v. 
IGNOMINIOUS, 8, flagitiosus (marked 
by d. conduct): a most d. person (of d. 
life), homo flagitiosissimus, Cic.: “tis 
less d. for a king to be vanquished in 
arms than in generosity, regem armis 
quam munificentia vinci minus flagitio- 
sum, Sall. 4, probrosus (full of 
scandals): d. in (his) life, vita pr., Tac. : 
d. effeminacy, p. mollities, Plin. 5. 
sordidus (mean, low, degrading): d. de- 
feat (in canviss for office), repulsa s., 
Hor. : ad. adultery, adulterium s., Liv. : 
Cic. (v. supr. 1). 6. déformis, e 
(lacking beauty or propriety): a@ speech 
d. to oneself, oratio sibi d., Liv.: d. gains, 
d. lucra, Suet. 7. inhodnestus: v. 
DISHONOURABLE. 8, pudendus: v. 
SHAMEFUL. 9, foedus (a very strong 
word): d. terms (of peace), f. condi- 
tiones, Hor.: luxury whilst d. to every 
age, ts especially d. to old age, luxuria 
cum omni aetati turpis, tum senectuti 
foedissima est, Cic. Phr.: a d. act, 
flagitium, Oic, : still stronger, flagitiosum 
facinus, Sall.: to live a d. life, flagitiose 
vivere, Cic.: it is not d., non est flagi- 
tium (foll. by inf.), Ter.: to bed. to 
any one, alicui dedecori, opprobrio esse, 
ot V. DISGRACE. iat 2 

cefully: , turpiter: Cic. 

Caes. SONS. For syn., see adj.) io: 





provided, 





DISGUST 


flagitidsé (a very strong word): d. un- 

. imparatus, Cic. 8, foedé 
(foully: q.v.): d. and with shameful 
insults, f. et per turpem contumeliam, 


Front.: Cic.: Liv. 4, igndminidsé : 
V. IGNOMINIOUSLY. 5, inhdnesté: v. 
DISHONOURABLY. 6, déformiter: Suet. 


7, expr. by subs. under DISGRACE : 
per turpitudinem, cum (summa) turpi- 
tudine 3 cum dedecore,.etc.: v. DIS- 
GRACE. 


disgracefulness: 1. turpitido: 
Cie. 9. deformitas: Join: turpi- 
tudo et deformitas, Cic. 8, foeditas 


(stronger than preced.): Cic.: v. FOUL- 
ness. Phr.: d. of life, flagitia (cf. 
L.G § 591): Sall.: Cic. 


disguise (subs.): J. Lit.: of 
the person: persona: Vv. MASK. 


9. intégiimentum: Cic. (who bas 
it in fig. sense). 8. much more 
freq. expr. by means of vestis, ha- 
bitus, etc.: he assumed the d. of a 
shepherd, pastoralem cultum induit, 


Vell.: in the d. of a slave, veste servili | 


in dissimulationem sui compositus, Tac. : 
in the d. of his wife’s clothes, permutato 
cum uxore habitu, Quint.: she assumed 
the d. of an old hag, simulavit anum, 
Oy.: to put ona d.,*vestitum alienum 
induere. jj. Fig.: 1, persona: 
to take the disguise off things, p. rebus 
demere, Sen. 9, vélamentum: seek- 
ing a d. for their lusts, quaerentes libi- 
dinibus suis v., Sen. 8. intégiimen- 
tum: to see through a d., per [involucra 
atque] integumenta perspicere, Cic.: 
more fully, integumenta dissimulationis, 
Cic. 4, similatio: v. PRETENCE. 6, 
obtentus, praetextus, Us: V. PRETEXT. 
Phr.: to puta d.on ugly things, dare 
colorem deformibus rebus, Quint.: that 
put anend to Appius’s d., ille finis Appio 
alienae personae ferendae, Liv.: a god 
in the d. of a bull, taurus dissimulans 
deum Ov.; skilled in d., dissimulator, 
Sall See also verb. 
disguise (v.): |, Lit.: to as- 
sume a disguise of person ; 1, mito, 
perm ito, 1 (with some such word as 
vestein, habitum): he escaped the city 
d.d in a dress beneath his vank, mutata 
veste, habitum dissimilem fortunae suae 
indutus, urbe elapsus est, Veil.: he 
(Codrus) d.d himself in rags, and en- 
tered the hostile camp, permutato regis 
habitu, pannosus, castra hestium ingredi- 
tur, Just. Q, dissimiilo, 1 (rare in this 
sense): to d. one’s manhood under long 
clothes, longa veste virum d., Ov.: v. TO 
coNcEAL. Phr.: to d. oneself (of a 
woman) in men's clothes, vestem virilem 
induere, Just.: d.ing her sex, sexum 
mentita, Just.: to recognise a man thus 
d.d, occultum falsi sub imagine sexus 
virum nosse, Stat. See also subs. (1.). 
Il. Fig.: to hide or mask a qua- 
lity : 1, dissimiilo, 1: to d. one’s 
displeasure, d. aliquid sibi displicere, 
Cic.: to d. one’s ignorance, a. se nescire, 
Cie. 9. obtégo, 3; célo, 1: v. TO 
HIDE, CONCEAL, 8. praetendo, prae- 
texo, 3: V. TO CLOAK. 
disguiser: dissimilator: Sall. 
disgust (subs.): |. Of the appe- 
tite: 1, satias, atis, 7; saties, Gi, f; 
satiétas, atis, f.: Vv. SATIETY, FULNESS. 
2, fastidium (a sense of loathing) : 
Join: satietas et f. gibi, Cic.: to excite 
d., [magnum] movere animo f., Hor.: 
Vv. NAUSEA. 8, taedium (strictly of 
what one is tired of): to produce d. of 
anything, t. alicujus rei adducere, Plin. : 
they get a d. for wine, vinum iis in t. 
venit, Plin. 4, nauséa: v. NAUSEA. 
Phr.: to feel a d. for anything, fastidire 
(with acc.), Hor.: Suet. |j. Ln gen. 
sense : 1, sitiétas (arising from 
having had enough of a thing): to cause 
d., satietatem parere, Cic.: v. SATIETY. 
9, fastidium: to contract a d. for 
a thing and so be set against it, ab aliqua 
re f, quodam et satietate abalienari, 
Cic. (Also used in good sense, v. 
NICETY, FASTIDIOUSNESS.) 8, stémi- 
cbhus: to excite a person’s d., s. alicui 
movere, Cic. (Vv. INDIGNATION): not 
without d., non sine aliquo meo s., Cic. 








DISHEARTEN 





4. taedium (strictly, weariness): d. 


for toil, t. laboris, Quint. 5, odium; 
V¥. AVERSION, HATRED, 6, nauséa 
(rare): Mart.: v. LOATHING. Phr.: to 


feel d., fastidio, ete: vy. foll. art (IL). 

disgust (v.) : |, Of the appetite: 
fastidium movere: v. piscust (subs.), L 

|j. In general sense; to excite great 
annoyance, weariness of : 1, tasti- 
dium, satiétatem, pirére: v. pviscusT 
(iL).  Q, taedium (alicujus rei) moe- 
vere, Tac.; taedio afficere, Tac. 3. 
(to be dd), piget, uit, 2 (with acc. of 
subject, and gen.) : being d.’d at the public 
morals, dum me civitatis morum p., 
Sall.: J am ashamed of and d.d with my 
brother, fratris me pudet pigetque, Ter. 
4, poenitet, uit, 2 (Same constr. a3 

piget); Lam d.’d with myself, me mei 
poenitet, Cic.: Pompey is heartily dd 
(at the state of things) Pompeium ve- 
hementer p., Cic. 5, taedet, uit and 
pertaesum est (same constr. as preced.); 
Vv. WEARY OF, SICK OF (TO BE). 6. 
displiceo, ui, 2 (with dat. of subject): Z 
amd.,’d with life, mibi vita d., Ter.: how 
entirely am I d.’d with myself! quam 
ego totus nunc mihi d.! Ter. 7, sté- 
machor, I (esp. with acc, of neut. pron.): 
If IT am much did at anything, si 
quid stomachor valde, Aug. in Suet.: v. 
INDIGNANT (TO BE). 

disgusting (2dj.): 1, foedus (both 
lit. and fig.): ad. taste, f. sapor, Lucr.: 
ad. smell, f. odor, Plin. : bugs, a most ad. 
sort of animal, cimices, foedissimum 
animal, Plin.: d. feasts (of human 
flesh), f. convivia, Ov.: v. FOUL. A). 
téter (or taeter), tra, trum (stronger 
than foedus: v. NOISOME): d. breath, 
spiritus t., Hor.':' d. smell, odor t., 
Caes. 3. obscoenus (esp. in sense of 
obscene: q. V.): a d. draught, haustus 
ob., Luc.: <Alecto furrows her d. brow 
with wrinkles, Alecto frontem obs. 
rugis arat, Virg.: d. gestures and mo- 
tions, gestus motusque obs., Tac. 4, 
Odidsus: Vv. OFFENSIVE. 5, mélestus: 
V. TROUBLESOME. 

disgustingly : 1, foedé: v. 
FOULLY. 9. tetre (taet.), Cic. 3. 
obscoené : to live most unchastely and 
d., impudicissime et obscoenissime vi- 
vere, Eutrop.: Cic. 4, ddidsé (an- 
noyingly): he is d. late; the dinner is 
spoiling, odiose cessat; prandium cor- 
rumpitur, Ter. 


dish (subs.): |. The vessel: 1 
catinus (catinum, Cato: any plain 
earthenware d.): Varr.: Hor. Dimin., 


citillus, @ small d., Hor.: Col. 2. 
pitina (a jiat, open d.): Ter.: Cic. 
Dimin., pitella (also used for cooking 
im): Mart.: Plin. 3. paropsis, idis, 
Ff. (a large dinner d.): off how manya 
d. and how large he dines, quam muita 
magnaque paropside coenat, Juv.: Mart. 
4, lanx, neis, f. (usu. deep and 
made of metal): rounded (big-bellied) 
d.s, rotundae 1., Hor.; cavae L., Mart.: 
Cic. 5, mazindmus (like paropsis, 
a large table d.): a mighty d., m. mag 
nus, Hor. 6, sciitiila (a small square 
or oblong d.: rare): Mart. 7, discus 
(from its round, quoit-lilce shape): apul. 
8, migis, idis; miagida, ae, J. 
(rare): Nep.: Varr. Il. The contents 
of the vessel: expr. without the word: 
to sup on a d. of herbs, olus coenare, 
Hor.: a dinner with a great variety of 
d.s, dubia coena, Juv.: there is served 
up a d. consisting of lamprey with 
squills floating (in the gravy), adfertur 
squillas inter muraena natantes, Hor.: 
this is the receipt for the d. [of gravy], 
his mistum jus est, Hor.: meadow 
mushrooms are an excellent d., praten- 
sibus optima natura est, Hor.: v. DELI- 
CACY, DAINTY. 
dish-up (v): 
tum, 3: Hor.: Cic. 
dishabille: v. DESHABILLE. 
dish-clout: perh., spongia, pénici- 
lus, pénicillus (sponges being commonly 
used for such purposes): Plin.: PL: % 
SPONGE. 
dish-cover: perciilum: v. LID. 
dishearten: 1, exadnimo, I: @ 
217 


appono, pdsui, pusi- 


DISHEVELLED 


vhlegmatic spectator d.s (the actor), ex. 
lentus spectator, Hor.: these words of 
Milo’s d. and undo me, me quidem ex. 
e* interimunt hae voces Milonis, Cic. 
2. percello, ciili, culsum, 3: v. TO 

DISMAY. 3, animum frango, infringo, 
etc.: V. TO DISCOURAGE. 

dishevelled : 1, passus: with d. 
hair, p. crinibus, Virg.: Liv. 
effusus: with d. hair, e. comis, Ov. 

dishonest: ], fraudiilentus: d. 
and lying, tr. et mendax, Cic.: d. cun- 
ning, f. calliditas, Cic. 2. improbus 
(more gen. term; in any way unprin- 
cipled: q. v.): Cic.: Phaedr. 3. 
Malus (gen. term: v. BAD): d. guile, 
dolus m., Cic. 4. perfidus, infidus: 
Vv. TREACHEROUS, FAITHLESS. 5, neé- 
quam (indecl.): only of persons: Cic. 
Phr.: ad. person, fraudator, Phaedr. 





dishonestly : 1. fraudilenter: 
Col.: Plin. 2. improbe: Cic. 3. 
per [summam] fraudem: Quint. 4, 


dolo malo (a Jegal phr.: v. pISHONESTY, 
4): Cic. 

dishonesty : 1, fraus, dis, f.: 
wrong ts done either by violence or d., 
aut vi aut injuria fit injuria, Cic.: that 
compound of d. and falsehood, qui esset 
totus ex fraude et mendacio factus, Cic. : 
Vv. FRAUD. 2. militia (the quality 
subjectively ; fraus is the same, objec- 
tively considered: defined by Cic. as, 
versuta et fallax nocendi ratio, N. D. 
3, 30, 75): by false accusation and d. 
(to claim money), per calumniam mali- 
tiamque, Cic.: to have recourse to all 
possible d., ad omnem m. et fraudem 
mentem versare, Cic. (N.B. Malitia is 
stronger than the Eng. dishonesty, im- 
plying deliberate intention to injure or 
defi aud.) 3, improdbitas (gen. term, 
including all unprincipled conduct) : 
Cic.: Phaedr.: v. WICKEDNEsS. 4. 
ddlus malus (‘‘quum aliud sit simula- 
tum, aliud actum ”: a legal term): Cic. 
N. D. 3, 30, 74. 5, mendacium (in 
words): v. supr. (1). 

dishonour (subs.): |, In_ gen. 
sense: dédécus, ignominia, turpitudo, 
etc.: V. DISGRACE. I]. Of a woman: 
stuprum: to ezpiate d. bya voluntary 
death, st. voluntaria morte luere, Cic. : 
Vv. VIOLATION. 

dishonour (v.): ]. In gen. sense : 

1, déhonesto, 1: to d. one’s fame, 

famam suam d., Tac. 2, détormo, 
1: to d. good qualities by some flaw, 
bona vitio d., Liv.: v. TO MAR. 3. 
dédécéro, 1: Vv. TO DISGRACE. Il. Zo 
debauch: stupro, incesto, 1: v. TO VIO- 
LATE, 

dishonourable: 1. inbonestus: 
a d. life, vita in., Sall.: Cic.: d. wounds, 
in. vulnera, Ov. Q. turpis, e: v. DIs- 
GRACEFUL, 8. illibéralis, e (unworthy 
of a free citizen): d. gains (of bire- 
lings), il. [ac sordidi] quaestus, Cic. 

4, fraudilentus: v. DISHONEST. 

dishonourably : 1, inhonesté: 
Ter.: Cic. Q. turpiter: v. DISGRACE- 
FULLY. 8, illibéraliter (in a manner 
unbecoming a free citizen): Ter. 

dishonoured (part. adj): turpitu- 
dine (viltiis, flagitiis) obritus; ignomi- 
nidsus (l'ac.): V. DISGRACED, 

dishonourer: |, In gen. sense: 
often expr by meton. (L. G. § 592): d. 
of one’s family, dedecus familiae suae : 
V. DISGRACE. Il. Of a woman: stu- 
prator, corruptor: v. DEBAUCHER. 

disinclination : 1, déclinatio 
(rare in this sense): natural inclination 
and d., appetitio et d. naturalis, Cic. : 
Gell. 2. ddium (stronger than Eng.) : 
Vv. AVERSION, 8. fuga (d. actively 
shown): d. for work, f. laboris, Cic. 
Phr.: J feel a total d. to writing, ani- 
mus prorsus abhurret a scribendo, Cic. : 
I feel a d. to..., me non libet (with 
tnf.),Cic.: v. INcLINATION. (N.B. Ani- 
mus alienus, aversus, seem always to be 
used of positively unfriendly or alien- 
ated feeling.) See also DISINCLINED. 

disincline: 1, aliéno, 1: to be 
(naturally) inclined to self-preservation, 
and dd to extinction, commendari ad se 
conservandum, alienari autem ab inte- 

218 








DISJOIN 


DISLOYAY; 








Titu, Cic.: v. TO ALIENATE. 24, 
(?) avéco, 1: my natural disposition d.s 
me to philosophical studies, *avocat me 
indoles ac natura a philosophia: cf. Cic. 
Fin. 1, 1, 2. 8. abstraho, xi, ctum, 3 
(like avoco, to call au ay, divert to some- 
thing else): cf. Cic. Arch. 6, 12: “ut 
ab nullius unquam tempore aut com- 
modo otium meum abstraxerit, aut vo- 
luptas avocarit, aut denique somnus 
retardarit”’: Vv. TO DIVERT CALL AWAY: 
and toll. art. , . 
disinclined (part. adj.): _ 1, in- 
vitus : Vv. UNWILLING. 2. aversus: 
d. to the Muses, (to elegant pursuits), 
av. a Musis, Cic.: v. AVERSE. Very 
often with to be: to be d.d tu anything : 
(1.) abhorreo, ui, 2: to be d.d to wed, 
ab uxore ducenda ab., Cic.: v. DISINCLI- 
NATION. (2.) [non] libet, uit, 2 (with 
dat.) : V. INCLINED (TO BE). 
disinfect: *contagia depellére, dis- 
cutére: v. TO DISPEL. Phr.: to d. the 
air, aéris vitium purgare (Quich.). 
disinfectant : *aptum ad contagia 
depellenda remedium. ; 
disingenuous : 1, parum sin- 
cérus, parum candidus: v. CANDID, SIN- 


CERE. 2. fallax, mendax: v. DE- 
CEITFUL & ; 
disingenuously: 1, parum sin- 


céré: V. SINCERELY. 
citer: Vv. DECEITFULLY. 

disingenuousness: 1. animus 
parum sincerus, candidus: v. CANDID. 

Q. fraus, fallacia, mendacium: v. 

DECEIT. 

disinherit: 1, exhérédo, 1: to 
d. a son, filium ex., Cic.: Ulp. vy 
exhérédem scribo, psi. ptum, 3: neither 
to make a son heir, nor to d. him, filium 
neque heredem neque ex. scribere, Cic. : 
Simly, ex. facere, Pl. 3. abdico, 1 
(to renounce a son during lifetime): 
Plin. Phr.: my son is hereby d.d, 
filius meus exheres esto, Jul. Dig. 

disinherited (part. adj.): d- 


exhéres, édis: v. preced. art. (2). 
exhérédatus: Jul. Dig. 
disintegrate: solvo, dissolvo, diri- 
0, 3: V. TO DISSOLVE, DESTROY. 
disintegration : dissdlitio: v. pis- 
SOLUTION. 
disinter : ériio, effodio, 3 (Virg. has ef- 
fossis sepulcris, G.1, 497): V. TO DIG UP. 
disinterested (part. adj.) : I. 
Having no concern with, deriving no 
advantage (esp. from a dispute): expr. 
by intérest (L. G. § 283): you are a d. 
person, *tua hoc nihi! interest; nihil 
refert tua quomodo res dijudicetur. 
Il. Wot seeking one’s own advant- 
age: 1. gratuitus: he (Epicurus) 
disbelieves in the existence of d. virtue, 
nullam sentit g. esse virtutem, Cic.: d. 
(unbought) votes, g. suffragia, Cic. (N.B. 
Not of persons.) 2. abstinens, ntis 
(esp. of governors ; refraining from en- 
riching oneself): Cic. 3. (of per- 
sons): expr. by means of utilitas: im- 
memor (negligens) utilitatis suae, cf., 
Cic. Fin. 5, 22, fin.; qui utilitatem nul- 
lam quaerit (expetit); qui etiam contra 
utilitatem (suam) aliquid facit, cf. Cic. 
Fin. 5, 22,633 qui nihil de suis utilita- 
tibus (commodis) cogitat ; qui nihil uti- 
litatis (Commodi) ex aliqua re quaerit, 
cf. Cic. Fin. 1, 10. See also IMPARTIAL. 
disinterestedly : 1, gratuito 
(without hire; e. g., defendere causas) : 
Cic. 2. expr. by means of utilitas, 
emolumentum, etc.: to undertalce any- 
thing d., sine emolumento ac praemio 
aliquid suscipere, Cic.: to act d., *ita 
agere ut nihil privatae utilitatis quaera- 
tur, expetatur: J have acted d., *nul- 
lum mihi expetivi commodum. 
_disinterestedness: 1, ea affec- 
tio animi qua utilitas nulla quaeritur, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 63. 2. abstinentia (of 
governors ; opp. to peculation): Cic. 
3. integritas (of judges): v. up- 
RIGHTNESS. Phr.: to believe in the d. 
of another, *alterum gratuita benevo- 
lentia impulsum (incitatum) aliquid fac- 
ere credere: V, DISINTERESTED 
disjoin: disjungo, séjungo, nxi, nct- 
um, 3: V. TO SEPARATE. 


Q. ddlosé, falla- 


disjoint: 1. expr. by articiilf- 
tim: art. dividere, poet. in Cic.; art, 
comminuere, concidere, Pl. 2. artus 
conséco, concido, divello (to tear in 

leces): Vv. TO CUT (IN PIECES). 3, 
(in carving): séco, scindo: TO 
CARVE. : 

disjointed (part.adj.): |, Lit.: 
having the S separated: con- 
sectus, divulsus ; articulatim concisus 
v. preced. art,: but the word is more 
freq. in fig. sense. J, Fig.: dis- 
connected : to make d. observations, in- 
ordinata et indistincta dicere, Quint.: 
*haud apte connexa, parum cohaerentia, 


v. 





loqui: Vv. DISCONNECTED. 
disjointedly: perh. carptim: but 
v. preced. art. (I1.) 
disjunctive: (in gram. and logic) : 
disjunctivus, Charis.: Diom. Phr.: @ 
d. proposition, disjunctio, Cic. 
disjunctively: 1. disjuncté, Fest. 
2. *disjunctive (as gram. t. t.). 
disk: v. Disc. 
dislike (subs.): 6dium: v. HATRED, 
AVERSION, 
dislike (v.): |. In gen. sense, to 
disapprove, have no liking for: 1, 
Odi, Osus (pérdsus), defect.: Vv. TO HATE. 
2, abhorreo, ui, 2 (with a or ab 
and abl.): to d. leaving town, abh. ab 
urbe relinquenda, Cic.: abhorreo is also 
found with acc.: v. TO ABHOR. 3. 
gravor, 1 (late in this sense): he d.d 
extensive and elaborate , ampla 
et operosa palatia gravabatur, Sen.: v- 
TO OBJECT TO. 4, nolo, ui, 3, a7. (in 
certain connexions) : do you see anything 
here which you d., num quidnam quod 
nolis hic vides? ‘Ter. I]. Of the pa- 
late ; to disrelish : 1, non sapit, uit, 3 
(with dat. of subject): v. DISTASTEFUL. 
2. fastidio, 4 (when the dislike 
springs from delicacy or surfeit): Hor. 
3. aspernor, 1: to d. and refuse (of 
the sense of taste), asp. et respuere, Cic. 
Phr.: to get to be d.d (of wine), in tae- 
dium venire, Plin. 
dislocate: 1. extorqueo, torsi, 
tortum, 2: to break a leg or d.a joint, 
frangere crus aut ex. articulum, Sen. 
2. intorqueo, 2: v. TOSPRAIN. §8, 
éjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: to d. the shoulder, 
armum e., Veg. (N.B. Luxo appears 
not to occurin this sense: v. foll. art.) 


Phr.: to be d.d, loco suo moveri, 
Cels. 
dislocated: 1, luxatus: fo set 


d. joints, luxata in locum reponere, 
Sen.: to heal them, 1. quod sit sanum 
facere, Cato. 2. luxus: d. limbs, 1. 
membra, Fest. Phr.: d. joints, artus 
loco moti, Quint.; artus in pravum 
elapsi, Tac. 

dislocation: 1. luxatira, Mare. 
Emp. 2. luxus, is, m.: Cato. 3. 
luxatnm (esp. iu pl.), quod luxatum sit 
(v. preced. art.): d.s are most easily ve- 
duced, luxata corpora facillime in artus 
redeunt, Plin. Phr.: to reduce d.s, ossa 
sedibus suis mota reponere, ossa in suam 
sedem compellere, Cels. 

dislodge: i.e. to remove by force: 

1, méveo, movi, motum, 2 (both in 

military and non-military sense): to d. 
the enemy from his position, hostes 
statu m., Cic.: Liv.: v. TOEJECT. Q, 
submoveo, 2 (like moveo): the enemy 
are d.d from the walls and towers, bos'es 
ex muro et turribus submoventur, Caes&: 
to d. the enemy by missiles, hostes telis 
s., Liv. 3. déjicio, jéci, jectum (esp 
Srom higher ground: a very common 
military phr.): tod. the enemy from the 
| wall and towers, hostes muro et turti- 
bus d., Caes.: to d. a garrison from a 
Jortified place, praesidiumn loco munito 
d., Hor.: Liv. 4. détrido, si, sum, 
3 (by thrusting): Liv. 5, déturbo, 
I (to drive away in confusion or 
alarm): tod. from the rampart with @ 
volley of stones, de vallo lapidibus d., 
Caes. 6. pello, dépello, 3: v. Te 
DRIVE AWAY. 

disloyal: nearest word infidélis, e: 
V. UNFAITHFUL, TREACHEROUS. PhT.: 
a d. subject, proditor civis (v. TRAITOR): 
to act in a d. manner, *regis potesta 





DISLOYALLY 
tem, imperium, abnuere. to entertain 
d, sentiments, *alieno (alienato, averso) 
animo esse in regem: V. DISAFFECTED. 

disloyally: perfidé: v. TREACHER- 
ousty. (Or by circuml., mala perfida- 
que in regem voluntate incitatus ; con- 
tra fidem in regem debitam: v. preced. 


Se iclaaite infidélitas (nearest 
word): V. UNFAITHFULNESS. (Or more 
precisely, *prava s. inimica in regem 
voluntas ; animus alienatus a rege: v. 
DISAFFECTION.) 

dismal: 1, ater, tra, trum (dark 
and offensive): esp. poet.: Vv. GLOOMY. 

Q. féralis, e (strictly, appertaining 
to the dead: chiefly poet.): the d. 

, f. cupressus, Ov.: d. song (of 
the owl), f. carmen, Virg.: d. ornament 
(cypress-trees), f. decus, Sil. 8, téter 
(taet.), tra, trum (strictly of what is 

ly offensive): ad. regions (of Var- 
tarus), locu t. [inculta, foeda, formido- 
losa], Sall. 4. horrendus (strictly, 
as shuddered at): Virg.: v. HOR- 
5, moestus (sad, of mournful 
ramet: d, altars (of infernal gods), m. 
arae, Virg.: Vv. SORROWFUL, MOURNFUL. 
6, dirus: v. DREADFUL. 
dismally: moesté, tristé: v. sor- 
ROWFULLY. Phr.: to howl d., *feralem 
ululatum edere: to echod., *ferali sonitu 
(murmure) resonare: v. DISMAL. 
dismalness (rare): moestitia, tris- 
titia, féralis aspectus: v. GLooM. 
dismantle: 1, nudo, 1 (¢o strip, 
lay bare in any way): to d. fields (by 
ravages), agros n., Liv.: d.d walls (of a 
private house), nudati parietes, CleswD: 
exarmo, 1 (of shipsonly): Sen. Phr.: 
to d.a town, *moenia atque aedificia op- 
pidi disjicere : to d. a fortification, *op- 
Pidum (locum munitum) munitionibus, 
operibus, privare, nudare. 

dismask: Vv. TO UNMASK. 

dismast; malum (de nave) deripere ; 
malo (navem) nudare, privare (perh. 
exurmare: Vv. TO DISMANTLE): vV. TO 
DEPRIVE. 

dismasted: malo (malis) nudatus 
or nudus: cf. Hor., nudum remigio la- 
tus. (Or perh., exarmatus: v. TO DIs- 
MANTLE.) 

dismay (subs.): pavor, consternatio : 
V. CONSTEKNATION, 

dismay (v.): 1, terreo, pavéfacio: 
Vv. TO FRIGHTEN. 2. percello, cili, 
culsum, 3 (to give a shock of fright or 
horror): did not this cry d. you? haec 
te vox non perculit? (mon perturbavit?], 
Cic.: esp. in perf. part. perculsus: 
sometimes with timore, Cic. 3, per- 
turbo, 1: Cic. (v. supr.). 

dismayed (part. adj.): (timore) 
perculsus, pavéfactus, pavidus: v. 
AFRAID, FRIGHTENED. 


Liv. : 


1, discerpo, psi, 
Vv. TO TEAR (IN 


a limb or limbs) : Vv. TO MUTILATE. 
8, membratim divido, visi, visum, 
3: Plin.: v. TO DISJOINT. ; 
dismembered (part. adj.): 
cus: V. MUTILATED. 
dismemberment: perh. truncatio: 
i.e. mutilation (q.v.). Phr.: after 
the d. of Poland, *post divisum disper- 
titumque regnum Polonicum: the d. of 
Poland was a crime, *non sine magno 
scelere dispertitum est [inter alios reges} 
regnum Polonicum. 
dismiss: |. 70 let go: 1, di- 
mitto, misi, missum, 3 (esp. of a num- 
ber of persons ; in different directions) : 
to d. (persons) from a council, ex con- 
cilio d., Caes.: to d. a council, concilium 
d., Cic.: to d. the senate, senatum d., 
Cic. : Vv. TO (LET) GO. 2). missum 
facio, 3: to d. soldiers, milites missos f., 
Hirt.: Suet. (v. pIscHarGe): to. d. 
anger, iram missam facere, Ter. 3. 
Amando, 1 (to send away on some busi- 
ness, send out of the uay): Cic.: v. TO 
SEND AWAY, OUT OF THE WAY. 4. 
ablégo, 1 (to send away, esp. in order to 
get rid of ): tod. honest men from the 
council-board, honestos homines ab., a 
he dd the 


trun- 


consilioque dimittere, Cic. : 


DISOBLIGE 


lads to hunt, pueros venatum ablegavit, 
Liv. 5. mitto, misi, missum, 3 (esp. 
Jrom the mind): to d. care from the 
breast, curam de pectore m., Virg. : to d. 
and terminate hatred, odium m. atque 
finire, Liv. I]. To divest of an office: 
1, méveo, movi, motum, 3 (with loco 
or some such word); he d.’d the chancel- 
lor, *cancellarinm loco (ministerio) sno 
movit (cf. Liv. 39, 42: senatorio loco 
movere) : Cic. , submoveo, 2: to d. 
Jrom the ministry, administratione rei- 
publicue s., Suet. 3, amdéveo, 2: to 
d. from the superintendence of the corn- 
market, am. a procuratione frumentaria, 
Cic.: Suet. 4, missum facio, 3 (of 
soldiers, gladiators): v. supr. (2). See 
also TO DEPOSE. iI]. Of a judge; to 
d. a case, i.e. refuse to entertain it: 
1, solvo, vi, dtum, 3: thus Hor. 
has solventur risu tabulae, tu missus 
abibis, S. 2, 1, jfin.: ‘‘the case will be 
d.d with laughter ; you will get off scot- 
Sree”: cf. Quint. 5, 10, 67, “cum risu 
tota res solvitur.” 2. exclido, si, 
sum, 3 (to debar [a suitor) from further 
procedure on any ground): cf. Cic. Or. 
I, 37, 168. Sometimes the sense may 
be conveyed by causa cadere: v. NON- 
SUITED (TO BE). 
dismissal 1, démissio, Cic. 
dismission 2. missio (esp. of 
soldiers): V. DISCHARGE. (Or expr. by 
verb: after the d. of the meeting, con- 
cilio demisso, v. preced. art.) 
dismount: |. Trans.: (a). as 
an antagonist : equo or ex equo déjiciv, 
praecipito: v. TO UNHORSE. (6). as a 
horse his rider: exciitio, effundo; v. TO 
THROW. Phr.: to d. guns, *tormenta 
de curribus suis dejicere. J. In- 
trans.: 1, descendo, di, sum, 3: 
with ex equo (or ex equis of more than 
one), Caes. 2. désilio, silui or silii, 
sultum, 4 (quickly: to spring to the 
ground) : more fully, d. ad pedes, Caes. : 
Virg. 3. défiuo, xi, xum, 3 (of a 
large number: poet.): the whole troop 
to the ground d.'d, tota cohors relictis ad 
terram defluxit equis, Virg. 4, de- 
grédior, gressus, 3: more fully, ad pedes 
d., Liv. Phr.: to make the cavalry d., 
equitatum (equitem) ad pedes deducere, 
Liv. See also TO ALIGHT, DESCEND. 
dismounted (part. adj.): effusus: 
Virg.; ef. equo, Liv.: v. TO DIs- 
Mount (1). 
disobedience: no exact word in 
class. Lat. (indbédientia, Aug.: Hier.) : 
expr. by pareo, dbédio, with negative 
adv.: to punish d., *male (non) parentes, 
obedientes poena afficere (v. L. G. § 637, 
obs. 2): d. to parents is a@ sin, *qui 
parentis voluntati non paret (vbtem- 
perat) peccat: v. TO OBEY. Phr.: to 
be guilty of d. to the authority of magis- 
trates, *auctoritatem (imperium) magis- 
tratuum detrectare: v. ‘£0 DISOBEY. 
disobedient: male (non) parens, 
parum (dicto) obediens, audiens: v. 
OBEDIENT. 
disobediently;: contra alicujus prae- 
ceptum o7 jussum; neglecto (spreto) 


imperio [ducis], of soldiers: v. TO Dis- 
OBEY. 
disobey : 1, non (male, parum, 


minus) pareo, 2; dbédiv, 4; obtempéro, 
I (all with dat.): and they d. reason, 
nec rationi parent, Cic.: to d. father and 
mother, *nec patri nec matri obten- 
perare: this law has been d.’d, *huic 
legi non est obtemperatum: Y. TO OBEY. 
2. répugno, 1 (with dat.: actively 
to resist): opp. to obséquor, Plin.: v. 
TO RESIST. 8, adversor (with dat.): 
V. TO OPPOSE. 4, détrecto, 1 (to re- 
Suse to obey): to d. orders, jussa d., 
Tac.: deliberately to d., consulto d., Liv. 
5, negligo, lexi, lectum, 3 (mot to 
heed): to d. laws, leges n., Cic.: v. TO 
DISREGARD. 6. expr. by contra: to 
d. a law, c. legem farere, Cic.: v. coN- 
TRARY TO. 
disoblige: 1, incommiddo, r (with 
dat.): more to d.me than humour my 
son, magis ut mihi incommodet quam 
gnato obsequatur, Ter.: Cic. 2. 
offendo, 3 (with acc.): v. 


TO OFFEND. | 


DISORGANIZED 





Phr.: to d. a person in every way. 
omnia adversus aliquem facere (omnia 
alicui adversari), KR. and A. 
disobliging (adj.): 1, inoffici 
Osus (wnattentive to the duties of cour- 


tesy): d. towards any one, in. in ali- 
quem, Cic. > persons (9 stronger 
than the Eng.): v. DISAGREEABLE. 38, 
Ynhimanus: v. a 4. diffi- 
cilis, @: V. ILL-TEMPERED. 5, illi- 
béralis, e, Cic.: v. MEAN. 

diso bligingly : inhimanijter, illé- 
pidé: v. UNCIVILLY. 

disobligingness: inhimanitas: v. 


INCIVILITY. 
disorder (subs.): |, Derangement : 
1, turba: Join: turba et con- 
fusio (rerum), Cic.: v. CoxFUsION. Q, 
turbatio, perturbatio: v. DISTURBANCE. 
3. (in troops): licentia, Tac.: v. 
LICENSE. Phr.: to bring order out of 
d., ex inordinato aliquid in ordinem ad- 
ducere, Cic.: to throw into d., miscére 
permiscére, turbare (v. TO CONFUSE, DIS- 
TURB): in d., efftisé (esp. of flight o1 
disorder of troops), Liv.: Sall.: the 
uhole camp is in d., totis trepidatur 
castris, Cues. {]. 4 bodily or mentai 
ailment: morbus, aegrotatio: v. DISs- 
EASE, COMPLAINT. 
disorder (v.): 1, turbo, 1: to d, 
ranks, ordines t., Liv.: ivy d.s the mind, 
hedera mentem t., Plin.: new grapes d. 
the stomach, uvae recentes alyum t., 
Plin. 2. perturbo, 1 (stronger than 
turbo): Sall.: Cic. 3, conturbo, 1 
(e perturbo) : Sall.: Cic. 4, misceo, 
permisceo, 2: v. TO CONFUSE. 
disordered (part. adj.): |. In 
confusion: 1, inordinatus: Cic. : Liv. : 
V. DISORDERLY. 9. turbatus: d. hair, 
t. capilli, Ov.: d. ranks, t. ordines, Liv. 
|. Affected; of the mind or body: 
aegrotus, morbidus: v. DISEASED. Phr.: 


to become d. in mind, mentis errore 
affici, mente deseri, Cic. 

disorderly: |. Indisorder: 1, 
inordinatus: d. soldiers, in. milites, 
Liv.: Cic. 9. turbatus: v. DISOR- 
DERED (2). 3, turbilentus, the d. 
concourse of atoms, atomorum t. con- 


oe Cic.: more strictly in sense (11.) : 

Vis 4, effusus (of troops): a d. 
Hight, fugaef., Liv. §, turbidus(more 
freq. in sense ll.): d. affairs, res t.: 


Cic.: in d. (troublous) times, t. casibus, 
Tac. 6, tiimultiarius: a d. fight, 
pugna tumultuaria, Liv. Phr: ina 


d. manner, (1.) effiisé (esp. of confusion 
in troops): to march in an irregular 
and d. manner, temere et ef. ire, Sall.: 
in a more d. manner, effusius, Liv. 
(2.) témére (without thought or arrange- 


ment): v. supr. (1). (3.) inordinatim : 
Amm. (of troops). (4.) confiisé: v. CON- 
FUSEDLY. (5.) nullu ordine: Caes.: to 


grow d., miscéri, permiscéri, V. TO CON- 
FUSE. ||. Lauvless; 1, turbidus: @. 
(mutinous) soldiers, t. milites, Tac.: all 
the most d. (in same sense), turbidissi- 
mus quisque, Tac. - d. manners, t. mores, 
Pie Q, turbiilentus: Cic. Join: 
seditiosus (civis) et turbulentus, Cic. : 
Vv. TURBULENT. 


disorderly (adv.) : 


see preced. art. 


(L., fin.). . au 
disorganization : dissdlitio: v. 
DISSOLUTION. Pbr.: in a state of d., 


solutus; ¢. g. solutum imperium, Sall. 
Jug. 39, fin. See also DEMORALIZATION, 
disorganize : 1, dissolve, vi, 
iitum, 3 (to resolve into primary ele- 
ments): to d. what has been combined, 
d. apta, Cic.: to d. disc’pline, disci- 
plinam d.: Hirt.: v. TO DEMORALISE. 
Join: discutere ac dissolvere, Lucr. 
2. solvo, 3: pestilence d.s bodies, 
a putrefacit) corpora tabes, Lucr.: dd 
authority, sulutum imperium, Sall, 3, 
dissipo, I: v. To SCATTER, DISPERSE. 
ae dilabor, lapsus, 3 ((o become 
after the loss of the general, the 
on soon becomes d.d, amisso duce 
exercitus brevi d., Sall.: v. TO WASTB 
away. Pbhr.: in the army all the ser- 
vices are d.d, in exercitu cuncta cessant 
officia, Col. (in Quich.). : 
disorganized ee): |, In 
9 


DISOWN 





gen. sense: sdlitus, dissdlitus: v. To 
DISORGANIZE. [j. Of animal matter: 
decomposed: piter, putréfactus, liqué- 
factus (rare): Vv. ROTTEN. 
disown: diffiteor, infitior: v. To 
DISAVOW, DENY. Phr.: J imagine it 
(the speech) may be d.’d, puto posse pro- 
bari non esse meam, Cic.: to d. a father, 
son, patrem, filium abdicare, Curt.: Liv. ; 
if on oath, ejurare (e. g. liberos), Sen. 
disparage: 1, détraiho, xi, ctum, 
3 (usu. with de): to d. (any one’s) 
achievements, de rebus gestis aliquid d., 
Nep.: Cic.: such an acc. as gloriam, 
dignitatem, laudem, may be added, with 
dat. of person: v. TO DETRACT FROM. 
9, détrecto, 1 (with acc. of person: 
not Cic.): to d. the ancient orators, an- 
tiquos oratores d., Auct. dial. or.: to d. 
the genius of Homer, ingenium Homeri 
d., Ov.: Liv. 3. obtrecto, 1 (with 
dat. of person): Cic.; also ob. laudibus 
alicujus, Liv.: v. To pEcRY. (Obtrecto 
denotes more direct hostility than the 
preced.) 4, détéro, trivi, tritum, 3: 
to d. great Caesar’s fame, laudes egregii 
Caesarisd.,Ov. 5, obtéro, trivi, tritum, 
3 (Stronger than the preced.: detero is 
to impair only, obtero to decry, run 
down): to d. soldiers, as fetched from 
slaves’ dungeons, ex ergastulis militem 


ob., Liv. 6, élévo, 1: v. TO DEPRE- 
CIATE. 

disparagement: |. The act of 
disparaging : obtrectatio, Liv. 


(detrectatio appears not to be found in 
this sense). Q. expr. by verb: to 
gain glory by d. of others, alios detrec- 
tando (aliis laudem detrahendo) sibi 
gloriam parere: v. TO DISPARAGE. 
Detriment, loss: 1, imminitio: with- 
out d. of your dignity, sine im. digni- 
tatis tuae, Cic. 2, vitium: to look 
on a thing as a d. to any one, alicui 
vitio vertere quod..., Hor.: Cic. (Im- 
minutio implying only decrease of repu- 
tation: vitium an actual flaw.) Ss. 
détrimentum: v. DAMAGE, DETRIMENT. 
disparager: j. détrecator, Liv. 
Q. obtrectator, Cic. (Or, esp. in 
pl., imp. part. of obtrecto, detrecto: see 
L. G. § 637.) 
disparaging (adj.): usu. with some 
such word as remarks, comparison : 
expr. by means of obtrecto, detrecto, 
etc.: d. talk, obtrectantium, detrectan- 
tium sermones (L. G. § 637, Obs. 2): to 
make a d. speech, alicui oratione habita 
obtrectare: Vv. TO DISPARAGE. in Tac. A. 


I, 10, fin., deterrima comparatio is a | 


very unfavourable or disparaging (to 
Tiberius) comparison: Tac. might per- 
haps have used sinistra: cf. Agr. 5, 
“sinistra interpretatio:” v. UNFAVOUR- 


ABLE. 
disparagingly: usu. in phr., to 
speak d., détraho, etc.: Vv. TO DIS- 
PARAGE. 
disparity: 1. expr. by dispar, 
paris (L. G. § 611, 2): d. of character, 


d. of pursuits, d. mores, d. studia, Cic. : 
d. of fortune, d. fortuna, Cic.: there was 
too great a d. in age, *nimio dispares 
erant aetate. Similarly with impar, de- 
noting inferiority on the one side: with 
a d. of numbers, impar numero, Tac.: 
Cic.: V. UNEQUAL, INFERIOR. Q, inae- 
qualitas: v. INEQUALITY. 3, discré- 
pantia: v. DIFFERENCE. 

dispark ; paradisum abolére (2). 

Teer _1, omni impetu 

dispassioned § animi (odio, amore, 
ira, etc.) vacuus: cf. Sall. Cat. 51, init. 

9, sédatus, tranquillus, placatus: 

v. CALM. Phr.: one ought to be per- 
fectly d., neque studere neque odisse, sed 
minime irasci decet, SalL. 

dispassionately : 
ef. Cic. Off. 1, 38, 136. 
studio, Tac, A. 1, I. 8, sedate: v. 
CALMLY, IMPARTIALLY. (Lente is gene- 
rally used in bad sense: v. COOLLY.) 

dispatch: v- »rsPaTcH. 

dispel: 1. dispello, pili, pulsum, 
3: to d. the shadovrs, d. umbras, Virg. 


I. | 









DISPERSE 


ratio ipsa d. omnes molestias, Cic. : he 
d.’d the fears of the good, bonis metum 
depulit, Cic.: to d. cares with wine, curas 
vino d., Tib.: to d. error, errorem d., 
Tac. 8. pello, pépwli, pulsum, 3 
(poet.): to d, the shades of night, um- 
bras noctis p., Cat.: to d. cares with 
wine, curas vino p., Hor.: Ov.: v. TO 
DRIVE AWAY. 4. disciitio, cussi, 
eussum, 3: the sun d.s the shadows, sol 
d. umbras, Virg. : to d. danger by counsel, 
periculum consilio d., Cic.: to d. sleep, 
somnum d., Prop.: to d. fear, metum 
d., Plin. 5, dissipo, 1 (puet.): Huius 
d. cares, d. curas Evius, Hor. 6. solvo, 
vi, titum, 3 (chiefly poet.): to d. fear, 
metum corde s., Virg.: to d. weariness, 
lassitudinem s., Plin. 7, exctitio, 3: 
V. TO SHAKE OFF. 8, abigo, 3: v. TO 
DRIVE AWAY. See also TO TAKE AWAY 3 
TO BANISH (/ig.). 

dispend: érégo, r: v. TO EXPEND. 

dispensary ; médicamentaria (sc. 
taberna): after the analogy of argenta- 
ria, coquinaria: v. DISPENSER. 

dispensation : J. The act, dis- 
cributing : distributio : V. DISTRIBUTION. 

|]. Jmmunity: imminitas, vacatio : 

Vv. EXEMPTION, IMMUNITY, [I]. Divine 
ordering of things: 1, oecdndmia 
(oikovouta), Schleusn. 9. lex, légis, 
F. (of the Jewish d.): Calv. More fully, 
lex institutaque Judaica (Mosaica). 
Phr.: such was the d. of heaven, sic 
placitum (se., deo, diis), Virg.: Ov. : 
by some accident, or by divine d., casu 


quodam an divinitus, Suet.: v. PRO- 
VIDENCE. j 4 
dispensatory (adj.): in phr., d. 


power, *arbitrium immunitatum conce- 
dendarum. 
dispense: |. Zo distribute: dis- 
pertio, dispenso, divido: v. TO DISTRI- 
BUTE. Phr.: to d. medicines, *medica- 
menta componere ac dispensare: to d 
justice, jus dicere, Cic.: v. TO ADMINISTER. 
|]. Zo dispense with; i. e. to do 
without : j, rémitto, misi, missum, 3 
(to grant remission or release): to d. 
with a tribute, tributum remittere, 
Just.: Cic.: v. TO WAIVE. 2. solvo, 
vi, itum, 3 (fo release): to d. with the 


| law in Scipio's case, s. legibus Scipionem, 


Auct. ad Her. 8. careo, ni, 2 (to be 
without some advantage: “egere eo 


| quod habere velis,’’ Cic.): to d. with the 


help (resources) of friends, amicorum c. 
facultatibus, Nep.: not readily tod. with 
sensual pleasure, haud facile c. libidi- 
nibus, Sall. (but careo more freq. im- 


| plies involuntary privation). See also 
TO EXEMPT. 
dispenser: 1, distribator (rare): 





Join: distributor dispensatorque bo- 
norum, sc. deus, Apul. 92. largitor: 
Vv. BESTOWER. (In speaking of the 
Deity, auctor or parens may be precise 
enough: d. of all good, auctor bonarum 
rerum: V. AUTHOR.) 

dispeople: v. TO DEPOPULATE. 

disperse: |, Trans.: 1, spargo, 
si, sum, 3 (to spread abroad): they had 
d.d themselves in flight in all directions, 
se passim in fugam sparserant, Liv.: to 
d. an army throughout the provinces, 
exercitum per provincias sp., ‘Tac. 2A, 
dispergo, si, sum, 3 (like spargo): the 
winds d. the clouds, nubes d. venti, 
Lucr. : to d. half (a prayer) to the fleet 
winds, partem volucres d. in auras, 
Virg.: Vv. TO SCATTER. 3. dissipo, r 
(to break up and destroy): to d. the 
ranks of combatants, ordines pugnan- 
tium d., Liv.: Caes. 4, discitio, 
cussi, cussum, 3 (to clear away, dispel) : 
at sunrise the mist was d.d, sole orto 
discussa est caligo, Liv.: to d. night- 


1, considératé : | meetings, nocturnos coetus d.: Liv.: to 
9. sine ira et | d. ignorance, ignorantiam d., Lact. 


disturbo, 1 (twmultuously to break ag 
to d.an assembly with the sword, con- 
tionem gladiis d., Cic. 6. disjicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3 (by force): to rout and d. 
the forces of the barbariams, copias bar- 
barorum d., Nep. Phr.: at daylight 


to d. the gloom from the mind, ab animo | dareness is d.d, luce tenebrae dissolvun- 


d. caliginem, Cic. 2, depello, pili, 
pulsum, 3: reason itself d.s all anxieties, 
220 


tur, Varr.: to d. a crowd (of lictors), 
turbam summovere, Liv. II, ine 








DISPLAY 





trans.: 1, diffagio, fagi, 3 (to fly 
in diff. directions): they d.d to their 
everal homes, [in silvas dilapsi] inde 
domus diffugerunt, Liv.: Hirt. “Fig.: 
the ee have d.d, cere nives, Hor. 
. dilabor, lapsus, 3 (imperceptibl 
or gradually): Liv. (v. supr.). 3. 
diffluo, xi, xum, 3 @f fluids, or fig., of 
multitudes) : moisture d.s, d. humor, 
Luer. . discurro, curri, 3 (hastily) : 
they began to d. in all directions, in 
omnes partes d, coeperunt, Curt. 
dispersedly: 1, passim: to en- 
camp d., p. considere, Caes.: opp. to 
ordinatim, Cic. 2. dispersé: Cic. 
3. dispersim: Varr.: Suet. 4, 
sparsim: Apul. 5, effiisé: v. pis- 


ORDERLY (L., fin.). 

dispersion : 1, dissipatio (by 
some force): Cic. Q, diffiigium (flight 
in diff. directions): Tac. 3. more 
freq. expr. by verb: after the enemy 
had dd, quum diffugissent, dilapsi 
essent, etc.: V. TO DISPERSE. 

dispirit: exinimo, animum (of 
several persons, animos) frango, in- 
fringo: Vv. TO DISCOURAGE, DISHEARTEN. 
_ dispirited : 1, démissus (de- 
jected): Join: moerens, demissus, 
afflictusque, Cic. 2. fractus: d. and 
discouraged, fr. et debilitatus metu, 
Cie. 3, débilitatus: v. supr. (2), and 
TO DISCOURAGE. 

displace: summéiveo (submiveo), 
loco suo méveo: V. TO REMOVE. 

displacement: Amotio, rémotio: v. 
REMOVAL. Phr.: indications of d. of 
soil, *indicia terrae de suo loco sum- 
motae : there is a d. of the strata, *strata 
quae dicuntur terrae de suo ordine mota 
sunt, disjecta sunt. 

displant; éradico, 1: 
up. See also TRANSPLANT. 

display: 1, ostento, 1 (to make 
@ show of): Join: prae se ferre et 
ostentare, Cic. 2. prae (me, te, etc.), 
féro, tili, etc. (like ostento): to d. and 
avow one’s guilt, scelus prae se ferre et 
confiteri, Cic. (v. supr.). Simly, prae 
Se gerere, Auct. B. Afr.; prae se de- 
clarare, Cat. 3, in promptu pono, 
posui, etc.: Cic. (of the parts of the 
body which nature displays). Simly, 
in promptu habere, Sali.; gerere, Pl. 

4, expromo, prompsi, promptum, 3 
(to bring forth to light): you d.’d your 
cruelty, crudelitatem tuam exprompsisti, 
Cic. 5, praebeo, 2 (to show, evince 
by outward signs) : to d. joy, fear, gau- 
dium, metum pr., Liv.: v. TO SHOW. 

6, praeféro (like prae me fero, 
v. supr.), 3: to d. one’s feelings openly, 
pr. Sensus aperte, Cic. 7, ostendo, di, 
sum and tum, 3: v.TO sHOW. Phr.: 
to d. a little too openly, ferre paulo 
apertius, Cic.: to d. valour, virtutem 
probare, Caes.: to d. signs of terror, 
timoris signa mittere, Caes.: Virg.: 
with plate d.’d and pictures arranged 
for show, proposito argento, tabulisque 
propalam collocatis, Cic.: to d. a flag, 
vexillum proponere, Caes.: Ov. 

— itself: 1, éniteo, ui, 25 
€nitesco, 3 (the latter if the process is 
gradual): in this war the eminent merit 
of Cato d.’d itself, quo in bello virtus 
enituit egregia Catonis, Liv.: (a jield) 
where merit may d. itself, quo virtus 
enitescere possit, Cat. 2. éEliiceo, 
luxi, 2 (like the former, of good qualities 
only): if any hint of merit should d. 
itself, siqua significatio virtutis eluceat, 
Cic. 3, appareo, 2: no trace of elo- 
quence d.s itself in him, nullum in eo 
eloquentiae vestigium apparet, Cic.: v. 
TOAPPEAR. 4, apério, pérui, pertum, 
4 (in pass., or with pron. refl.): to d. 
one’s veal character perforce, coactum 
aperire se, Ter.: v. TO REVEAL. Phr.: 
a field uhere merit might d. itself, 
campus in quo virtus excurrere possit, 


Vv. TO ROOT 


Cic. 
display (subs.): 1, _ostentus, fis 
(any show): v. SHOW. 2. ostentatio 


(an ostentatious d.): even a suspicion of 
d. of ability must be avoided, vitanda 
etiam ingenii ostentationis suspicio, Cic, 

3. jactatio: @ d. of learning, eru- 


oe 
iH 


x 


é 


"4 


DISPLAYER 





ditionis j., Quint.: no d. of dress, nulla 
cultus j., Tac.: v. PARADE. Phr.: to 
make a d. of anything, prae se ferre, in 
promptu ponere, etc.: v. TO DISPLAY. 
displayer: ostentator (f. ostenta- 
trix, Macr.): Tac. 
displease: _ 1, offendo, di, sum, 3 
(to incur any one’s displeasure): he was 
dd that anything should be composed 
about him, componi aliquid de se of- 
fendebatur, Suet. : Cic.: v. TO OFFEND. 
%, displiceo, 2 (with dat.: to fail 
to please, prove dissatisfying): he 
pleased me most, or shall I say d.d me 
least, mihi placebat maxime, vel dicam 
minime displicebat, Cic.: Iam altogether 
d.d with myself, totus mihi displiceo, 
Ter. Phr.: to d.a person, in offensi- 
onein incurrere apud aliquem, Cic. See 
also foll. art. 
displeased, to be: _ 1, displiceo, 
2 (with dat. of subject): v. preced. art. 
2. aegré, mdlesté, griviter, féro, 
tiili, etc.: Cic.: v. ANNOYED, TO BE. 
8. indignor, 1 (to be very much d., 
indignant: q. v.): for which also, in- 
dignum videri, with dat. of subject: cf. 
Cic. Inv. 1,17, 24. 4, stémichor, 1 
(to be pvt out of temper: with dat. of 
object): v. ANNOYED, TO BE. 5, suc- 
censeo, ui, 2: Vv. ANGRY, TO BE. 
displeasing (adj.): male jiicundus, 
Odidsus: v. UNPLEASANT: to be d., dis- 
plicére: v. TO DISPLEASE. 
displeasure: _ 1, offensio: to in- 
cur any one’s d.,in off. alicujus incur- 
rere, Cic.: to feel d. and disgust at some 
things, ad res aliquas off. atque fasti- 
dium habere, Cic. Dimin., offensiun- 
cula: if you have felt slight d., si offen- 
siuncula facta est animi tui, Cic. o 
offensa: to incur the severest d., gravis- 
simam off. contrahere, Suet.; subire, 
Coel. in Cic. 8. offensus animus, 
Hirt.: [aliena et] offensa voluntas, Cic. : 
Nep. . ira: v. ANGER. Phr.: to 
feel d. at any one, alicui succensere: v. 
ANGRY (TO BE). 
disport (v.): lido, si, sum, 3: to d. 
(themselves) upon the sandy beach (of 
birds), 1. in arena, Virg.; v. TO PLAY, 
FROLICK. 
disposable: 1, idoneus (suitable 
For the object in hand): to get together 
d. legions, id. legiones comparare, Cic. 
2. in expedito, in promptu: v. 
AVAILABLE. 
disposal: |. Arrangement : dis- 
positio, ordinatio: v. DISPOSITION, AR- 
RANGEMENT. = [f, Povrer, eomtrol: il 
ditio (absolute d., as of a ruler or other 
power): to be at any one’s d., alicujusin 
d. et potestate esse, Cic. (who also has in 
ditionem with same sense). 9. arbi- 
trium (in more gen.sense): Vv. DISCRE- 
TION, PLEASURE. Phr.: ©). at any 
one’s d., pénes (with acc.), often in com- 
bination with potestas: “agri quorum 
penes Cn. Pompeium omne judicium et 
potestas debet esse,” Cic. Agr. 2, 19, 52: 
Y. POWER OF, IN THE. (6). to leave or 
place at any one's d., permitto, misi, 
etc.: he left the matter at the d. of the 
people, rem populo permisit, Liv.: Sall.: 
to place money at any one’s d., *per- 
mittere alicui pecuniam dispensandam: 
cf, Nep. Con. 4 (exponere [aperire] pe- 
cuniam is to advance money by way of 
payment). 
dispose: |. Zo arrange: dis- 
pono, ordino, digéro: v. TO ARRANGE, 
ORDER, STATION. Il. To incline: , 
inclino, 1: these things d. me to believe, 
haec (mihi) animum inc. ut credam, 
Cic.: Liv.: v. TO INCLINE. 2. suadeo, 
si, sum, 2 (chiefly poet. in this sense, 
when it usu. takes an acc.): natural 
affection d.s me rather, etc., me pietas 
8. potius (with inf.), Ter.: the stars d. 
to slumber, s. (invitant, Ov.) sidera som- 
nos, Virg.: Lucr. 3. fero, tii, la- 
tum, 3 (with subj. animus, poet.): Ov. 
4, impello, pili, pulsum, 3: v. To 
IMPEL, INFLUENCE, INDUCE, and foll. art. 
Ill. To dispose of: i.e. to get rid 
ee by selling or otherwise: v. TO SELL, 
GET) km) OF. Phr.: to d. of in mar- 
riage, in matrimonium collocare, Cic. ; 





DISPOSSESS 


in conditionem collocare, Pl. (v. T0 
MARRY): to d. of moneu, pecuniam pon- 
ere, Cic.: to d. of a controversy, litem 
secare, Hor. (v. TO SETTLE): to d. of a 
business, rem conficere, Cic.: to d. of 
anything to anybody, aliquid alicui alien- 
are, Ulp.: how shall Id. of this fellow, 
quid faciam (de) hoc homine? Ter.: an 
immense amount of debt was d.d of 
(cleared off), exhausta vis ingens aeris 
alieni est, Liv.: to d. of victuals, ob- 
sorbére (?): v. TO GULP DOWN. 
disposed (part. adj.): 1, inell- 
natus (with ad): somewhat d. to favour 
the Carthaginians, inclinatior ad Poenos, 
Liv.: a mind d. to entertain suspicion, 
mens ad suspicionem inc., Tac. 2. 
propensus (with ad, in and acc.; rarely 
dat.: denoting a natural leaning to- 
wards anything): sumewhat too d. to 
pleasurable indulgence, paulo ad volup- 
tates propensior, Cic.: often =well-dis- 
posed towards: q. Vv. 3, pronus (of 
faulty disposition: same constr. as pro- 
pensus): too much d. to complaisance, 
in obsequium plus aequo pr., Hor.: Cic. 
4, proclivis, e (also usu. of a faulty 
disposition: with ad and acc.: less 
freq. with dat.): d. to wantonness, pr. 
ad lubidinem, Ter.: in good sense: d. 
to courtesy, ad comitatem pr., Cic. For 
WELL-DISPOSED, ILL-DISPOSED, see those 
artt. Phr.: I amd. to think, credide- 
rim: see L. G. § 430. 
disposer: chiefly used as epith. of 
deity: rector, giibernator, moddérator 
(dispdsitor, Sen.): v. RULER. 
disposition ; |. Arrangement : 
dispositio, descriptio, etc.: Vv. ARRANGE- 
MENT. Esp. of troops: expr. by verb: 
having made this d. of his forces, acie 
ita instructa: s/illed in the d. of his 
troops, peritus aciei instruendae: v. To 
ARRANGE, |]. Natural bent of mind: 
1, natiira: such is your (amiable) 
d., quae tua est n, (the kind of d. being 
implied in the context), Cic.: to harmo- 
nise in character and d., moribus et n. 
congruere, Cic.: contrary to one’s na- 
tural d., contra n. suam, Liv. 9. in- 
diles, is, f. (natural constitution of 
mind): endowed with a good d., bona 
ind. praeditus, Cic. But the word has a 
good sense by itself: he seems to be of 
good natural d., videtur in eo esse in- 
doles, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 18, med. : this is 
more fully expr. by virtutis indoles, Cic. 
ad Brut. 1, 3, init. 3. ingénium 
(usu. rather referring to the intellect: v. 
MIND, GENIUS): @ son possessed of such 
an admirable d., natus tali ing. praedi- 
tus, Ter.: a shameless d., ing. invere- 
cundum, Cic.: a fickle d., mobile ing., 
Pl. 4, mens, mentis, /. (strictly in- 
tellect; but used also in more gen. 
sense): a@ good (kind) d., m. bona, Liv. : 
a soft d. (wanting fortitude), m. mollis, 
Caes.: the d.s of men towards him, ho- 
minum erga se mentes, Suet. 5, ani- 
mus (strictly the emotional part of the 
mind: also, the mind generally): a 
ready, prompt d., a. alacer et promptus, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, fim. (see the place). 
6, habitus, ts, m. (state of feeling) : 
such was the d.of minds at Rome, hic 
Romae h. animorum fuit, Liv.: Tac. 
7, voluntas: v. INCLINATION. 8, 
mores, um, m.: V. CHARACTER. 
dispossess: |. Lit.: to eject 
From property: 1, pelle, pépili, pul- 
sum, 3 (whether legally or violently: 
usu. with abl.) : more fully, p. possession- 
ibus, Cic.: they (the settlers) d.’d them 
of house and land, pellebant domibus, 
exturbabant agris, Tac.: the law d.’d the 
patricians of public land, lex possesso 
agro patres pellebat, Liv. (in Quich.) : 
absol. Hor. Od, 2, 18, 26. 2, expello, 3 
like pello): Join: expelli et ejici 
epraedio],Cic. 3, détriido, si, sum, 3 
violently): to d. a person by force, of 
land, de agro aliquem vi d., Cic. 4. 
déturbo, 1 (like preced.): to be d.’d, 
[certa re et] possessione deturbari, Cic. 
5. déjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (which 
also strictly implied violence: Cic. Caec. 
17) with de possessione, Cic. Join: 
dejici detrudique, Cic. 6. exit, ii, 





DISPUTE 






atum, 3: to d. of hereditary property, 
avitis bonis ex., Tac. 7. d&éméveo, 
moyi, motum, 2: cf. Cic. Caec. 17, 49: 
where however the word is not used 
technically. Il. Fig.: t deprive of; 
esp. of an opinion : 1, évello, i, vul- 
sum, 3: tod. people of so deeply rooted 
an opinion, e. ex animis hominum tan- 
tam opinionem, Cic. Clu. 1, fin. (a little 
below he has convellere, extorquere, in 
sim. sense); so, insitas opiniones evel- 
lere, opp. to, novas opiniones inserere, 
Cie. 2, adimo, mi, emptum, 3: v. 
TO TAKE AWAY, DEPRIVE OF. 
disposure; dispisitira (of the 
atoms): Lucr.: Vv. AKRANGEMENT. 
dispraise (subs.): vitipérium, Cic, - 
Vv. BLAME, 
dispraise (v.): culpo, vitiipéro, 1: 
ic. : V. TO BLAME. 
disproof: expr. by verb: vy. To 
DISPROVE. 
disproportion : |. Failure of 
strict proportion: no exact word. Phr.: 
there is a d. in the elements, *partes 
male sunt temperatae inter se; partium 
temperamentum non est adbibitum: y. 
TO MIX, ADJUST. (Sometimes inaequa- 
litas may be precise enough: vy. INEQUA- 
LITY.) Il. Want of harmony or sym- 
metry: inconcinnitas: v. INELEGANCE. 
Phr.: when there is a d. between the 
parts of the body, cum partes corporis 
inter se dissideant, Cic. 
disproportionate i 1, inaequa- 
sproportioned § lis, impar inter, 
will often be precise enough: v. UNEQUAL, 
ILL-MATCHED. 2. inconcinnus (awk- 
ward, wanting in symmetry): Vv. INELE- 
GANT. 3. expr. by compar. and pro - 
v. foll. art. 
disproportionately: 1, expr 
by compar. and pro : the loss was d. large 
ei small), numerus occisorum major 
minor) quam pro numero pugnantium, 
etc.: V. PROPORTION (IX). 2. some- 
times inaequaliter, impariter: v. uNn- 
EQUALLY. 
disprove: _ 1, réfello, felli, 3: if 
that had been false why did not your 
son d. it? si id falsum fuerat, filius cur 
non refellit? Ter. : Cic. 2. rédarguo, 
ti, 3: tf ours can be more easily proved 
than those d.d, si nostra facilius probari 
quam illa redargui possunt, Cic. 3: 
révinco, vici, victum, 3 (rare): charges 
d.d by facts, crimina rebus revicta, Liv. - 
Cic. 4, confito, réfato, 1: v. To 
CONFUYE, REFUTE. 
disputable; contréversus, dispiita- 
bilis, e (rare): Sen.: v. CONTKOVER- 
TIBLE. 
disputant : 1. disputator, a 
subtle d., d. subtilis, Cic. 2, (oppo- 
ment) certator (rare), Gell. (But more 
usu. expr. by verb: the d.s in that dia- 
logue are, etc., disputant in eo dialogo, 
etc.: V. TO DISPUTE.) 
disputation: dispiitatio: v. piscus 
SION. 
disputatious: pugnax, disputandi 
avidus: Vv. CONTENTIOUS, 
disputatiously: pugnaciter, Cic.: 
V. CONTENTIOUSLY, OBSTINATELY. 
disputatiousness: 1, pugniici- 
tas, i.e. PUGNACITY, q. Vv. 2. perh, 
contentiones: what d. he showed, *quan- 
tae in eo contentiones (erant): avoid d., 
*fuge contentiones: cf. L. G. § 591. 
dispute (subs.): 1, concertatio, 
controversia: Vv. CONTROVERSY. i 
disceptatio: a d. respecting words (or, 
to be settled by words), verborum d., 
Liv. Join: disceptatio contentioque 
(the latter referring to the heat of dis- 
cussion), Cie. 3, altercatio (more 
violent than disceptatio: “non discep- 
tatio modo, sed etiam altercatio,” Liv.): 
Cie: Vv. ALTERCATION. 4, rixa 
(strictly, a quarrel, q.v.; also used in 
modified sense): Cic.: v. rEUD. i 
very often expr. by verb: there is ad 
between, etc., disputatur, ambigitur, in 
ter, etc.: during the d., inter disputan- 
dum: that is matter of d., id disputar 
potest: v. TO DIscUSs, DISpUTF. Phr.; 
the matter is still in d., adhuc sub judice 
lis est, Hor. 
221 


DISPUTE 


DISSECT 


DISCIMULATION 


et 


dispute (.): |, To argue on 
opposite sides: 1. dispiito, discepto, 
disséro: v. TO DISCUSs. 2, ambigo, 
: (implying uncertainty): to admit of 
being d.d, naturam ambigendi habere, 


Cic.: it is d.d whether, ambigitur utrum, 
ete, Hor.: to d. about truth, amb. de 
vero, Cic. II. Zo call in question: in 


controversiam véco, addiaco, Cic.: Vv. 
CONTROVERSY. Sometimes nego will 
do: v. TO DENY. Il. Zo quarrel re- 
specting something : ], ambigo, 3: 
to d. about boundaries, de finibus amb., 
Ter.; concerning an estate, de fundo, 
Liv. 9. rixor, 1: tod. about a hair, 
de lana caprina r., Hor.: Vv. TO QUARREL. 
8, altercor, 1 (in a wrangling man- 

ner): V. TO WRANGLE. 4, certo, I: 
V. TO CONTEND. 

disputed (part. adj.) : contréversus, 

@ d. point of law, contreversum jus, 
Cie. Phr.: it is ad. point, ambigitur : 
V. TO DISPUTE. 

disputer: disputator, wa 

disqualification : 1, _impédi- 
mentum (a hindrance of any kind): a 
legal d. (tur the office of commissioner), 
legitinuum i., Cic.: natural d.s, naturae 
imp., Cic. : v. OBSTACLE. 2, exceptio 
(legal ¢. ¢.): see Just. Inst. 4, 13, 11. 

disqualify : 1. impédio, 4 (in 
gen. sense, to hinder, prevent: q. V.): 
to be in no way d.’d (thereby) from, etc., 
nulla re impediri, quin, etc., Cic.: to be 
dd by ill-health from, etc., morbo (in- 
firma valetudine) impediri quominus, 
etc., based on Cic. 2. excipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3 (legal ¢. ¢.: to declare to be 
d.'d): the law declares such persons 
d.’d, lex eos ex., ne oy quominus .. ., 
Cic.: also used impers., excipitur 
(ege) .. , cf. Cic. Balb. 20, jin. 3; 
impédimento est, with dat. of person: 
cf. preced. art. (1). Phr.: tod.a per- 
son for study, reddere aliquem inhabi- 
lem studiis, Sen.: legully d.’d (as a 
citizen), capitis minor, Hor. 

disquiet (subs.): 1, inquies, @tis, 
f.: nightly d., nocturna, in., Plin, 2. 
inquiétudo: Sen. 37 sollicitiido: ‘V. 
ANXIETY. 

disquiet (v.): 1, sollicito, 1 Me 
render anxious) : cf. Cic. de Sen. init. : 
TO HARASS. 9. inquiéto (rare): Sens 
Suet. 

disquieted (part. adj.) : sollicitus, 

inquiétus : v. RESTLESS, TROUBLED. 

disquietude : V. DISQUIET. 


disquisition: dispitatio: v. DIs- 
CUSSION. 
disregard (subs.) : 1, inciria 


(absence of concern about): great d. for 
wr tue, magua virtutis an Cato in Amm. 
DY negligentia: d. of ceremonies, 
I. caeremoniarum, Liv.: v. NEGLECT. 
3. despectio (looking down upon : 
rare): a lofty d. for human opinions, 
humanarum opinionum alta quaedam d., 
Cic. in Non. 4, dérélictio (as shown 
in conduct): d. of the general good, a. 
communis utilitatis, Cic.: v. ABANDON- 
MENT. Phr.: to show utter d. for, nihil 
pensi neque moderati habere, Sall. : 
omnino, penitus negligere: v. foll. art. 
disregard (v.): 1, negligo, lexi, 
lectum, 3. to d. danger, periculum n., 
Cic. : tod. rumour (outcry), rumores n., 
Cic.: to d. violence, vim n., T'ac.: to d. 
entreaties, preces [surda aure] n., Prop. 
Vv. TO NEGLECT. 2. dSmitto, misi, 
missum, 3 (to let go, through not caring 
for): to d. (show disregard for) piety 
and humanity, pietatem et humanita- 
tem o., Cic.: v. TO ABANDON. 3, con- 
temno, tempsi, ptum, 3 (opp. to timeo, 
cupio): to d. the gods, riches, divos, 
divitias c.: v. TO ae 4. nihili, 
parvi facio, 1éci, etc.: to d. pain, do- 
lorem nihili f.. Cic.: v. TO VALUE, 
and cf. L.G. § 281, Obs. 2. Phr.: reli- 
gion is (utterly) d.’d, sub pedibus jacet 
religio, Lucr.: Ov. to d. any one’s in- 
terest, alicujus commodi rationem non 
habere, Cic. : v. TO REGARD. 
disregardful: negligens, 
gus: V. REGARDLESS. 
disrelish (subs.) : 
pl.): Hor.: v. DISGUST. 
222 


incurio- 


fastidium (oft. 


q ustelish (%.): 1, fastidio, 4: to 
d. vegetables, olus f., Hor. temno, 
psi, ptum, 3 (poet. und stronger than 
me Eng.): tod. common fare, vulgaria 
Hor. Phr.: it makes one d. his 
food fastidia movet (creat, Plin.), 
si... , Hor.: v. piscust. 
disreputable: 1. 
d, son, filius int , Quint. : 
inf., Cic.: v. INFAMOUS. Q. flagitio- 
sus: v. SCANDALOUS. Phr.: d. cha- 
racters, facinora, flagitia (abstr. for 
concr.), Sall. 
disrepute: infamia: v. DISGRACE. 
Phr.: to be in d., male audire, Cic. 
disrespect : negligentia: v. DISRE- 
GARD. But usu. expr. by verb: to 
treat a person with ad, negligere; de- 
bitum honorem alicui non habere; par- 
um honorifice uti (aliquo): v. TO RE- 
SPECT, RESPECTFULLY. 
disrespectful : 1, irrévérens, 
ntis (late): Plin. Ep. : Tert. 2, neg- 
ligens, ntis (not paying proper attention 
to: not necessarily implying any overt 
act): d. to one’s father, n. in patrem, 
Just. 3. contiimax: v. INSOLENT. 
4, contiimélidsus (stronger than 
the Eng.): v. insutTinG. Phr. : tomen- 
tion any one in a d. manner, aliquem 
contumeliae (opp. to honoris) causa 
nominare, Cic.: tu speak ina d. manner 
to any one, aliquem parum honorifice 
appellare: v. RESPECTFUL. Sometimes 
indécOrus may be near enough: it ts 
d. to an old man not to give way to him, 
indecorum est seni non de via decedere : 
Vv. UNBECOMING. 
disrespectfully : 


récundé or honorificé: v. 


infamis, e: a 
a d. life, vita 


1, parum vé- 
RESPECT- 


FULLY. Q. irrévérenter (late): Plin. 
Ep. 3, contimélidsé: v. INSULT- 
INGLY. Phr.: far be it from me to speak 


d. of him, *absit ut quicquam illi de 
honore detraham: v. TO DISPARAGE. 
See also CONTEMPTUOUSLY. 
disrobe: vestitu exuo: v. TO STRIP. 
disruption: |. Lit.: Physical 
separation : discidium: to pro- 
duce a d., da. parere [et nexus exsolvere], 
Lucr.: Solin. (more freq. in sense 11.). 
9. diruptio, Sen. 8, expr. by 
verb: ad. (of the land) is said to have 
taken place, haec loca dissiluisse ferunt, 
Virg.: v. TO BURST ASUNDER. Il. 
Fig.: a division or schism 1, di- 
scidium: d.s of family ties, affinitatum 
d., Cic.: Vv. SEPARATION. 2. séjunc- 
tio: Vv. SEPARATION, RUPTURE. 
dissatisfaction : 1, displicentia 
(the state a ill-contentedness with any- 
ae d. with oneself, sui d., Sen. 
stomachus (vexation, ill-temper) : 
a letter full of d. and complaints, epi- 
stola plena stomachi et querelarum, Cic. 
8, mdlestia: v. ANNOYANCE. 4. 
to feel d., expr by verb: poenitet me 
alicujus rei: v. DISSATISFIED (TO BE). 
See also DISCONTENT. 
dissatisfied (part. adj.): male 
(parum) contentus: Vv. DISCONTENTED. 
Chiefly with verb to be: (J). poenitet, 
uil, 2 (with acc. of subject and gen. of 
object): if was evident the senate uere 
d, with the magistrates, poenitere ma- 
gistratuum senatum apparebat, Liv. : 
Cic. (2). displiceo, 2 (with dat. of sub- 
ject): V. DISPLEASED (TO BE). (3). taedet, 
pertaesum est, 2 (same constr. as poen- 
itet: implying weariness, and so vexa- 
tion): Vv. SICK OF (TO BE). 
dissatisfy: non (parum, male) sa- 
tisfacio, 3: Vv. TO SATISFY. See also 
DISSATISFIED. 
dissatisfying (adj.) : vinus, inanis: 
Vv. EMPTY, VAIN. : there is some- 
thing d. in human Rapoineis, curtae 
nescio quid semper abest rei, Hor.; 
medio de fonte leporum surgit amari 
aliquid, Lucr. 
disseat: v. UNSEAT. 
dissect: |. Medically: 1, in- 
séco, cui, ctum, 1: more fully, corpora 
mortuorum ad scrutandos morbos ins., 
Plin. 19, 5, 26. Join: insecare atque 
aperire corpora, Gell. 2. incido, di, 
sum, 3: corpora mortuorum inc., Cels. 
3. Apério, ui, rtum, 4: v. supr. 


Il. Fig.: toecamine minutely : per- 
séco, I: in the same manner (viz. a, 
surgeons) to d. the natures of things, 
eodem modo rerum Nnaturas persecares 
aperire, dividere, Cic. Acad. 2, 39, 122: 
vV. TO EXAMINE, 

dissection : |. Medical : i 

apertio: “apertio quam Graeci ana- 
tomiam dicunt,” Coel. Aur.: cf. Gell. 
Io, 10, from which passage it appears 
that no Latin subs. was then in use. 

Q. *incisio: Forcell.s.v. 3, expr. 
by verb (the preferable mode, except in 
med. Lat.): by d. it was discovered, etc., 
insectis apertisque humanis corporibus 
repertum est, Geil. {]. Fig.: mi- 
nute exumination ; exvlicatio: Vv. ANa- 
LysIs. 

dissector: anatomicus, Macr. 

disseize : : possessione détrido, dé- 
jicio : V. TO DISPOSSESS. 

dissemble: _1, dissimilo, 1 (opp. 
to simulo, which is to make a pretence 
of anything): to d. fear, metum d., 
Hor.: also absol., as opp. to fateri, 
Cic.: Vv. TO DISGUISE. 2. obtégo, xi, 
ctum, 3 (to hide a thing): Vv. TO CLOAK. 
Join: dissimulare et obtegere, Cic. 

3. praetendo, di, sum and tum, 3 
(fo put a plausible face on anything): 
Vv. TO CLOAK. 

dissembler : Hor. : 

Sall. 


diss-mblingly : 
ter, Cic.: Ov. 
Sen. 

disseminate: 1. séro, sévi, sa- 
tum, 3: to d. rumours, rumores s., 
Virg.: Liv. 9. disséro, sévi, situm, 
sy5) Uhre 3. dissémino, 1 (to scutler 
as seed): Join: spargere ac dissem- 
inare (memoriam), Cic. 4, sémino, 
1 (rare): Lact. 

dissemination: expr. by verb: by 
the d. of reports, rumores serendo: v. 
preced. art. (Disseminatio evangelii is 
found in Tert.) 

disseminator: sator: Liv. 

dissension: dissensio, dissidium : v. 
DISAGREEMENT, DISCORD. 

dissent (v.): |. To disagree: dis- 
sentio, dissideo . V. TO DISAGREE, DIFFER. 

I]. Specially, to d. from an estab- 

lished church: Phr.: to d. from the 
Lutheran church, *a Lutherano cultu 
dissidere, sese separare, segregare: v. 
TO DIFFER, SEPARATE. 

dissent (subs.): |. In gen. sense: 
dissensio, Vv. DISAGREEMENT. Phr.: to 
expressd.: (1). dissentio, 4: V. TO DIS- 
AGREE. (2). rénuo, i, 3 (strictly, by a 
nod or gestwe): to express d., and 
deny repeatedly, r. atque negitare, Hor. 
(3). reclamo, 1 (by loud shouts): strong 
d. was expressed from his speech, ejus 
orationi vehementer reclamatum est, 
Cic. (who has also acclamo in same 
sense). (4). négo, négito, I: Vv. TO 
DENY. {j. In special sense, d. from 
an established religion: nearest word, 
dissidium : v. DISRUPTION. 

dissenter: qui dissidet; in pl. dis- 
sidentes: v. TO DISSENT (IL). 

dissentient (adj.): chiefly in phr., 
without a d. voice, *nemine dissentiente, 
ut dicitur (better omnibus ad unum 
consentientibus) : in somewhat similar 
sense Cic. has, sine ulla pastoricia fistula, 
Att. 1, 16,6; *nullo reclamante. 

dissentient (subs.): qui dissentit ; 
in pl., dissentientes, V. TO DISSENT. 

dissertation: 1. disputatio, dis- 
sertatio (not used of the book, but its 
matter): Plin. 2. commentatio : 
Aristotle’s d. on the nature of animals, 
c. Aristotelis de natura animalium, Plin. 
V. TREATISE. 3, schdla @): cf. Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 4, 8. 

disserve : incommédo, néceo, ob- 
sum : V. TO INJURE, DISOBLIGE. 

disservice: incommoddum : Vv. DIS- 
ADVANTAGE, INJURY. 

dissever: V. SEVER. 

Similar: dissimilis, dispar: v- 

UNLIKE. 

dissimilarity: dissimilitido, Cic.- 
V. UNLIKENESS, DIFFERENCE. 

dissimulation; dissimilatio (the 


dissimilator, 


1, dissimilan- 
2. ex dissimuiato, 


DISSTPATE 





act of pretending not to be what you 
are: correl. to simulatio, pretence): 
Cic. Phr.: without d., aperte, sincére, 
aine fuco ac falluciis, Cic. : v. SINCERELY : 
skilled in d., dissimulator, Sall. 
dissipate: |. Zodisperse: 1. 
dissipo, 1: tod. gnawing cares, d. curas 
edaces, Hor. 9. disciitio, 3: v. TO 
DISPEL, DISPERSE. Il. To waste (a 
fortune): dissipo, préfundo, licéro, etc. : 
Vv. TO SQUANDER. } 
dissipated (adj): 1, discinctus 
(lit. ungirdled, hence disposed for plea- 
sureand indulgence : poet.): ad. spend- 
thrift, nepos d., Hor.: fit (only) for d. 
ease, d. in otia natus, Ov. . dissd- 
lautus, sdliitus (less freq.): v. DISSOLUTE. 
8. libidindsus (given up to sensual 
indulgences): Join: luxuriosus, dis- 
solutus, libidinosus, Nep. (of Alcibiades). 
4, luxitridsus (taken up with plea- 
sures): Cic.: Nep. Phr.: ad. person, 
nepos, ganeo, Cic.: V. DEBAUCHEE. __ 
dissipation: |, Dispersion: dis- 
sipatio. Cic. , Gay, vicious life: 
1. (immodicae) vdluptates, um, °. 
(enjoyments, esp. of a sensual kind): 
Cic.: v. PLEASURE. 9. libidines, um, 
J. (sensual pleasures): v. LUST, WANTON- 
NESS. 8. intempérantia (with some 
defining word): int. libidinum, Cic. 
4, perh. *ludus immodicus atque 
solutus: Vv. AMUSEMENT. 
dissociable: v. UNSOCIABLE. 
issociate ; dissdcio, séjungo, sé- 
paro: v. TO SEPARATE. 
dissociation: séjunctio, dissociatio : 
V. SEPARATION. 
dissoluble: dissdlubilis, e: Cic.: v. 
SOLUBLE. 
dissolute : 1, dissdliitus: the 
most d. of all men, omnium hominum 
dissolutissimus, Cic.: the d. habits of 
the Greeks, d. consuetudo Graecorum, 
Cic. 2. sdlitus: d. character, s. 
mores, Just. 3. discinctus (poet.): 
V. DISSIPATED. 4, perditus: v. ABAN- 
DONED. §, corruptus: v. CORRUPT. 
6, luxiridsus: v. LUXURIOUS. 
dissolutely: 1, luxtiridsé : with 
the lewd to live d., cum libidinosis 1. 
vivere, Cic. 9. immodérate: v. IN- 
TEMPERATELY. (Dissoluté is not found 
in this sense.) 
dissoluteness: mores dissoluti: v. 
DISSOLUTE. See also DISSIPATION. 
dissolution: |. Breakup: 1, 
dissdlitio: death is the d. of nature, 
mors est d. naturae, Cic.: the d. of the 
empire, d. imperii, Tac, 9, intéritus, 
iis: V. DESTRUCTION. I]. Formal ter- 
mination of an engagement: inductio 
(i. e. the cancelling of a writlen con- 
tract): or better expr. by verb: to de- 
mand the d. of a contract, postulare ut 
inducatur locatio (v. TO CANCEL): to 
announce the d. of @ partnership, socie- 
tatem diremptam esse proscribere, sig- 
nificare: v. TO DISSOLVE. Phr.: a d. 
of marriage, divortium (v. DIVORCE): @ 
d. of the marriage contract is caused 
by divorce, death, etc., dirimitur matri- 
monium divortio, morte, etc., Paul. Dig. : 
d. of marriage by confarreation, diffar- 
reatio, Fest.: v. DIVORCE. 
dissolve: A. Trans.: |. To 
melt away: dissolvo, solvo, liquéfacio : 
v. TO MELT. I]. Zo break up, cause 
to perish. dissolvo, intérimo, perdo: v. 
TO BREAK UP, DESTROY. Ill. Zo do 
airay with a formal contract : iL 
dirimo, @mi, emptum, 3: ¢o d. a matri- 
monial contract, matrimonium d., Paul. 
Dig.: to d. a partnership (of any kind), 
societatem d., Cic. 2. indiico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (to draw the style across: only 
of written contracts): Cic.: v. TO CANe 
CEL, TO BREAK OFF. B, Intrans.: 
to melt away: liquesco, solvor, dis- 
solvor: v.TO MELT. Phr.: tod. in joy, 
in gaudia resolvi, Sil. 
dissonance: dissdnantia (as mus. 
t.t.): Quich. (In ordinary language, 
better expr. by adj.): to make ad. in 
singing, dissonum quid cantare: y. 
foll. art. 
dissonant: dissénus: v. DIscorD- 
ANT. 





diversis, Cic, 


DISTANT 


dissuade: _1. dissuadeo, si, sum, 
2 (with ne; in late writers tnf.: also 
direct acc. of thing dissuaded from): to 
d. your acceptance of a law, d. ne bane 
legem accipiatis, Graccb. in Cic.: to d. 
dying, d. mori, Sen. : tod. the passing of 
a law, legem d., Cic. Q, déhortor, 1 
(with ne and subj.: also inf, or abl. 
with a, ab): tod. any one from giving, 
d. aliquem ne det, Ter.; with inf., Cato: 
‘Yac.: to d. from any course, ad. ab ali- 
qua re, Sall.: v. TO piscoukaAGE (II.). 

3, expr. by suadeo, hortor, and 

negative words: he d.d the Ling very 
strongly fiom declaring war, *regi ve- 
hementissime suasit ne bellum indic- 
eret: v. TO ADVISE. 4, avico, abs- 
traho, etc.: v. TO DIveRT. §, dépello, 
puli, pulsum, 3: to d. a person from 
(carrying out) what he has undertaken, 
aliquem de suscepta causa d., Cic.: he 
could not d. her from, d. eam non 
potuit quin, etc., Tac. 

dissuader: dissuasor, Cic.: Liv. 

dissuasion: dissuasio, Cic. (More 
freq. expr. by verb: v. Tv DISSUADE.) 

dissuasively : expr. by verb: he 
spoke d. before the people, verba fecit 
apud populum et dissuasit; concionatus 
est ad populum, dissuadendo, etc.: v. 
TO DISSUADE. 

dissyllabic: 1. disyllabus, a d. 
word, vox disyllaba. Quint. 2, bisyl- 
labus, Varr. Phr.: d. nouns, nomina 
quae duabus syllabis enuntiantur, Col. 


le: 1, vox disyllaba, 
Quint. Q. disyllibon, i, n. (dcava- 
AaBov), Lucil. in Non. 3. expr. by 
adj.: these four feet are d.s, disyllabi 
quatuor hi (pedes) sur*, Don. 
istaff: cdlus, is and i, f.: Ov.: 
Plin.: Mart. (For fig. sense, v. SPINDLE.) 
distance (subs.): |, Interval of 
remoteness : 1, distantia (in Cic. 
difference: q.¥.): Plin. 2. spatium, 
beams separated by equal d.s, trabes pa- 
ribus intermissae sp., Caes.: d. of time, 
sp. temporis, Cic. : Caes. 3. longin- 
quitas (remoteness of place or time): on 
account of the d., all news is very late 
in coming, propter |. tardissime omnia 
perferuntur, Cic.: v. LENGTH. : 
with the verb to be, absum: to beat a 
d. of two days’ journey, abesse bidui, 
Cic.: v. DIsTaNT. Phr.: ator /roma 
d.: (1). longé (at a great d.): what is 
the d. from here to... , quam 1. est 
hine ad, ete., Cic. (2). procul (within 
sight) : to hurl missiles from a d., tela 
procul (implying a greater d. than 
eminus, but less than longe) conjicere, 
Cic. (v. FAR). (3). Eminus (opp. to 
cominus, which is at close quarters): 
the contest was waged at a d., eminus 
pugnabatur, Caes. I]. The parts of 
a picture which represent more remote 
objects: nearest term perh. récessus, 
is; or quae recedunt (in pictura); but 
these expressions strictly refer to the 
optical illusion by which an object in 
a picture appears to stand back, as 
opp. to standing out (eminere) from 
the plane : see Quint. 2,17,21: in same 
sense, abscedentia, ium, Vitr. lll. 
Hauteur, coldness : 1, frigus, dris, n. 
(on the part of a great man towards a 
dependant): Hor.: Sen.:; v. DISFAVOUR. 
Q. révérentia (the proper d. to be 
observed by an inferior): Vv. RESPECT. 
Phr.: to treat a friend with d. (turn 
your back upon him), a. amicum, Ov. ; 
more strongly, aversari aspectum ali-~ 
cujus, Tac.: *erga amicum minus faml- 
liariter (superbe, if hauteur is meant) 
se gerere; if on his return from some 
journey, excipere: to keep at a d., ar- 
cere: Vv. TO KEEP OFF. 
distance (v.): stpéro, 1 
cursu), praecurro, antéverto, 3: 
OUTSTRIP. 
distant: |. Separated by any 
interval : 1, distans, ntis (of space 
or time): beams d. two feet from each 
other, trabes d. inter se binos pedes, 
Caes. 2. disjunctus: in widely d. 
places, locis disjunctissimis maximeque 
3, with verb to be, 


(with 
v. TO 








DISTIL 





absum, fui, esse: to be very far &@ 
From any one, longissime ab. ab aliquo, 
Cic.: to be d. two, three, days’ journey, 
bidui (sc. iter) or biduum, tridui or urt 
duum ab., Cic. 4, like preced. : disto, 
1 (referring to the interval between two 
oljects mutually; whereas abesst de- 
notes the distance of one object from 
something else): to be 50 ft. d. from 
each other, quinquaginta pedes d., Caes.: 
to be too far d. from, nimium d. (with 
abl.), Hor.: to be d. from each other in 
chronological date, aetate d, Quint. 
(N.B. Disto is not used to denote dis- 
tance of space between persons, tor 
which use absum.) I]. Remote: 
1, longinquus: d. natwns, |. na- 
tiones, Caes.: v. REMOTE. Q. expr. 
by means of the words given under 
(1.), with some qualifying word: see 
examples. Il]. Displaying unfriend- 
liness: parum (minus) !amiliaris; par- 
um suavis, jicundus: v. FAMILIAR, 
CORDIAL. Phr.: totreat ina d.manner, 
aversari: V. DISTANCE. |V, Of relation- 
ship: longinquus(’): see foll. art. (LL). 
distantly: |. Of space: v. pDrs- 
TANCE (I. /fin.). Il. Ot remote con- 
mexion: Phr.: d. related to the king, 
*regi longinqua cognatione (affinitate, 
of connexion by marriage), conjunctus 
(cf. Nep. pref. 7, “propinqua cogna- 
tione conjunctus’’): ¥. REMOTELY. [JJ 
With hauteur, without friendliness: 
satis cum frigore (of the great); parum 
familiariter; minus comiter atque 
amice: Vv. FAMILIARLY. 
distaste; fastidium (esp. of food) 
Sdium : V. DISLIKE, DISGUST. 
distasteful : |, Of the palate. 
1, expr. by means of siapio, etc.: 
the (very) turbot is d., nilrhombus sapit, 
Juv.: thecostly old Aiban (wine) is d. te 
him, Albani veteris pretiosa senectus dis- 
plicet, Juv. (stronger is vina exspuere 
to reject it with disgust). 2, téter 
(taet.), tra, trum: v.NAUSEOUS. Phr.: 
to find homely fare d., vulgaria temnere 
(fastidire), Hor. |, In other senses: 
édidsus, injicundus, ingratus: v. DIS 
AGREEABLE. 
distastefulness: |. To the pa- 
late : sapor amarus, injucundus, teter: 
Vv. TASTE. |]. In other senses: injii- 
cunditas: v. UNPLEASANTNESS. 
distemper (swbs.): |. Strictly, 
undue or disproportionate mixture : in- 
tempéries, éi, f.: esp. of weather : Vv. IN- 
CLEMENCY. |]. (The usual sense) a 
malady, esp. in animals : 1. morbus 
(gen. term for all diseases of men or 
animals): Virg.: V. DISEASE, MURRAIN, 
Having the d., morbibus, Sen. ; morbd- 
sus, Cato: Varr. 9. lues, is, f. (chiefly 
poet., and used only of a wide-spread 
d.): Virg.  §, scabies, Gi, 7.: i.e. THE 
MANGE, q. V. 
distemper (v.): confundo, corrumpo, 
etc. : Vv. TO CONFUSE, DISORDER. 
distemperature: intempéries, Gi, 
f.: Vv. DISTEMPER (L.). 
distempered: |. Having the dis- 
temper: morbdsus, morbidus: Vv DIS- 
TEMPER (I1.). ||. Disordered: male 
sanus, aeger, aegroOtus: V. DISEASED, DIS- 
ORDERED. Phr.: like a d. dream, 
velut aegri somnia, Hor. 
distend: 1, tendo, tétendi, ten- 
sum and tum, 3: to d. sails, vela t. 
Virg.: the sinews become d.’d (swollen), 
tenduntur nervi, Col. 2. inflo, 1 (by 
blowing): V. TO INFLATE, 8. dis- 
tendo, di, etc., 3 (poet.): d.’d udders, 
distenta ubera, Virg. 4. (to be or 
become d.’d), intiimesco, timui, 2: V. 
TO SWELL. 
distention : 1, distentio, Cels. 
9 distentus, ts, Plin. 8. infla- 
tio: v. INFLATION. (More freq. expr 
by verb: by d. of the skin, distenta 
cute: v. preced. art.) 
distich: distichon, i, n. (ic7exov) 
to write d.s, disticha scribere, Mart. 
Suet. 


distil: |. Intrans.: destillo, 
stillo, t: Vv. TO DROP, TRICKLE. I 
Trans.: To let falldrop bydrop: 1, 


stillo, 1: to d. a dew from the eyes, 
223 


DISTILLATION 


rorem ex oculis st., Hor. Q. destillo, 
1 (in same sense): Plin. 8. sudo, 
exsudo, I: V. TO EXUDE. Ij]. Chem. 
t. t.: to extract by distillation, *destillo, 
1: M.L. (For less precise language, 
céquo, décdquo, excdquo, may be suifi- 
ciently near.) 
distillation: — |, The act of drip- 
ping: destillatio, Plin.: Cels. Il. 
That which drips: stillicidium, Lucr. : 
perh. ros, roris, m. (applicable to any 
dew-like distillation): more precisely 
ros stillans, cf. Ov. M. 11, 57, or simply 
Stilla, v. DROP, iW. As chem. ¢.%.: 
*destillatio, quod destillatum est: v. TO 
pistiz. Phr.: brandy is a d. from 
wine, *aqua vitae ex vino decoquitur 
destillando. 
distiller: (?) destillator (the word 
appears necessary to avoid verbose- 
ness). 
distinct: |. Different, clearly 
separated froin others : 1. alius... 
alius: the duties of a lieutenant are d. 
from those of a commander-in-chief, 
aliae sunt legati partes atque [aliae] 
imperatoris, Cic.: Vv. DIFFERENT. E 
' (sometimes) proprius ( peculiar) : to call 
all things by their own d. names, res 
omnes suis certis ac pr. vocabulis no- 
minare, Cic. 3. s@paratus: v. SEPA- 
RATE. |]. Of the senses, clear: 1, 
clarus: very d. characters, clarissimae 
literae, Cic. 9. liquidus, candidus: 
v. CLEAR. Phr.: im a d. voice, clare, 
Hor.: v. CLEARLY. (N.B. Not distinct- 
us, except of style: Quint. has sermo 
purus, dilucidus, distinctus, i. e. well, 


clearly arranged.) : 
distinction: |, The act of dis- 
tinguishing : 1, distinctio: the d. of 


false and true, d. veri a falso, Cic.: of 
right and wrong, d. justorum injusto- 
rumque, Cic. 2, expr. by verb: to be 
skilled in the d.of things similar, in 
rebus distinguendis peritum esse: v. TO 
DISTINGUISH. |], That which distin- 
guishes one thing from another : iV 
discrimen, inis, 7.: let there be this d. 
between, etc., sit hoc d. inter, etc., Cic. 
without d. of sex, sine ullo sexus d., 
Suet. 9, distinctio: Cic.: Sen.: v 
DIFFERENCE. Phr.: (@). without d. 
(1). promiscuus: things divine and hu 
man without d.,divina atque humana 
pr., Sall.: to throw open the consulate 
without d. (of orders), consulatum pr. 
facere, Liv. (2). promiscué: to put all 
grown up people to the sword without 
d., omnes puberes interficere pr., Liv. 
(where the adj. could not be used). (3). 
passim: Just.: Stat. Join: passim 
fortuitoque, Quint.: Vv. CONFUSEDLY 
(b). there is a d. between, interest inter, 
etc.: V. DIFFERENCE: (c). to draw ds, 
discernere, dijudicare: Vv. TO DISTIN- 
GUISH. II. 4 mark of honour : if 
honor, hénos, oris, m.: v. HONOUR. Q, 
insigne, is, m (@ mark, badge): the 
mark and d. of ranic, indicium atque 
ins. fortunae, Cic.: the fasces and (other) 
consular d.s, fasces atque consularia ins., 
Vell.: the d.s of (due to) merit, ins. vir- 
tutis, Cic. 8. décus, Oris, m.: accord- 
ing to age or d. im war, prout aetas, 
prout d. bellorum, Tac. : Cic.: v. GLoRY, 
PRIDE. 4, nobilitas (esp. of rank): 
V. NOBILITY: very worthy of d., nobili- 
tate dignissimus, Vell. 5, ornamene 
tum: v. ORNAMENT. Phr.: a person 
of d., nobilis (homo): v. NOBLE, DISTIN- 
GUISHED. 

distinctive: proprius: v. DISTINCT 
d, 2). Ad. badge, insigne: v. MARK, 
DISTINCTION (III.). 

distinctively: proprie: v. PECU- 
LIARLY. ; 

distinctiveness : propriétas : v. PE- 
CULIARITY. 

distinctly : I. L 
paratim: V.SEPARATELY. |], Clearly. 
claré, liquide, perspicué, etc.: v. 
CLEARLY. Il. Zn distinct words: 
diserté: Vv. EXPRESSLY. 

distinctness: claritas: v. CLEAR- 
NESS : perspicuitas; V. CLEARNESS. 

distinguish : . To mark as 
being different: distinguo, xi, 
244 


Separately : s6- 








DISTORT 


ctum, 3: to be d.’d by their tails (of 
apes), caudis distingui, Plin. 2. in- 
signio, 4 (rare): mullets are d.'d by... ., 
mulli insigniuntur (with abl.), Plin. 

3. signo, 1: v. TO MARK. Il. Zo 
know apart : internosco, novi, 
notum, 3: things which cannot be d.'d 
from false, quae a falsis internosci non 
possunt, Cic.: to (be able to) d. twins, 
geminos int., Cic. 2. dignosco, novi, 
3 (not in Cic.): to d. straight from 
crooked, curvo d, rectum, Hor.: to d. 
master and slave, dominum ac servum 
d., Tac. Ill. Zo separate by exercise 
of the judgment : 1, sécerno, crévi, 
tum, 3: the flattering friend may be 
dd from the true, secerni blandus ami- 
cus a vero potest, Cic.: to d. justice 
From injustice, justo s. iniquum, Hor. 

9. distinguo, 3 (as the result of 
mental consideration): to d. the will 
From the deed, voluntatem a facto d., 
Cic.: to d. true from false, vera a falsis, 
(vero falsum, Hor.) d., Cic. Join: 
dijudicare atque distinguere, distinguere 
atque dividere, Cic. 3, dijiidico, 1 
(implying careful judgment): Cic. (v. 
supr. 1). 4, divido, visi, visum, 3 
(rare ir this sense): to d. a good law 
Srom a bad one, legem bonam a mala 


d., Cic. (and v. supr. 2). 5, discerno, 
3: V.TO DISCERN. 6, séjungo, separo: 
Vv. TO SEPARATE. IV. Zo honour: 


1. décéro, 1: to d. a person with 
special honours, d. aliquem singularibus 
honoribus, Cic. 9. ono, 1: to d. a 
person with signal favours, or. aliquem 
maximis beneficiis,Cic. Join: augere 
atque ornare, Cic.: v. TO HONOUR, and 
DISTINGUISHED. V. In reflect. sense, 
to d. oneself: v. TO DISPLAY. 1, con- 
spicior, spectus, 3 (lit. to let oneself be 
seen): to d. himself by doing such an 
exploit, conspici dum tale faceret, Sall. 

2, claresco, ui, 3 (to become fa- 
mous): they can more easily d. them- 
selves in perilous times, facilius inter 
ancipitia clarescunt, Tac. 8. inclar- 
esco, ui, 3: Suet.: Plin. 4, émineo, 
€niteo, 2 : V. DISTINGUISHED (II., Phr.). 

distinguished (part. adj.): J, 
Marked in any way: 1, insignis, e 
(usu. with the notion cf ornament): 
Phoebus d. by his locks, crinibus ins. 
Phoebus, Ov.: Tac. (cf. Ger. 31). Pt 
expr. by abl. of quality (L. G. § 318): 
this bird is d. by a hooked beak, long 
claws, *hic avis adunco est rostro, prae- 
longis unguibus. ||. Famous : ib, 
clarus, inclytus or inclitus (poet.): v. 
FAMOUS, ILLUSTRIOUS. 2. nétus (in 
this sense poet.): d. for a paternal 
affection, n. animi paterni, Hor.: Stat. 

3. Ggrégius, eximius: v. EMINENT. 

Ill. OF “igh rank or dignity: am- 
plus: of most d. family, amplissimo 
genere natus, Caes. B. G. 4, 12: a d. fa- 
mily, a. fet honesta] familia, Cic. Mur. 7. 

Phr-.: tobed.: (1). @niteo, 2; to be 
d. by the knowledge of various arts, e. 
scientia variarum artium, Plin.: Athens 
was d. almost among all nations, Athe- 
nae prope cunctis (in) gentibus enite- 
bant, Cic.: v. To DISPLay (oneself). (2) 
emineo, 2: Demosthenes is d. in every 
branch of eloquence, D. in omni genere 
dicendi e., Cic. (3). praesto, excello, etc. : 
v.TO EXCEL. Phr.: to be d. above all, 
omnes supereminere, Virg.: he was d. 
Sor his arms and his horses, arma (ejus) 
et equi conspiciebantur, Liv. 

distort: |. Lit.: of the body: 

1, distorqueo, si, tum, 2: tod. one’s 
countenance, os sibi d. Ter.: Quint. 

2. detorqueo, 2: chiefly so used in 
p. part.: Vv. DISTORTED. 3, dépravo, 
1: Plin. IL. Fig.: to pervert : ifs 
détorqueo, 2 (not distorqneo in this 
sense): to d. words, looks, into ground 
ve accusation, verba, voltus, in crimen d., 

fac. 2, dépravo,1: tod. (a story) by 
ill narrating, male narrando d., Ter. 

3. interprétor, 1 (with male, per- 
verse): to d. (put a bad construction on) 
good words, bene dicta male int., Cic. 
(Tac. appears to use interpretari absol. 
in this sense: “conferre injurias et in- 
terpretando accendere,” Agr. 15.) 








DISTEESS 





distorted (part. adj.): 1, dis- 
tortus: d. legs, d. crura, Hor.: d. by 
gout, podagra d., Sen.: Cic. 2, dé- 


tortus: d. parts of the body, d. partes 
corporis, Cic. 3, pravus (naturally 
ill-formed) : d. ankles, p. tali, Hor.: v. 
CROOKED. 

distortion: distortio, Cic. (More 
usu. expr. by verb: v. TO DISTORT.) See 


also PERVERSION. 

distract: |. To draw off the at- 
tention, divert : 1, distraho, xi, ctum, 
3 (to draw in different directions): to 
d. the industry of the orator, oratoris 
industriam in plura studia d., Cic.: Tac. 

2. distringo, nxi, ctum, 3 (like 

preced.): tod. the attention of the Ro- 
mans, ad distringendos Romanos, Liv.: 
heis d.’d by a variety of things, d. (eum) 
multarum rerum varietas, Phaedr. §, 
distineo, ui, tentum, 2 (strictly, to keep 
or hinder from doing something): to be 
d.d by the multitude of trials, multi- 
tudine judiciorum distineri, Cic.: by 
what (an amount of) engagements I am 
dd, quanta occupatione distinear, Cic. : 
to be d.’d by grief, distineri [et divelli] 
dolore, Cie. 4, avico, 1: @ voice d.s 
me more than a noise, magis mihi vox 
avocare videtur, quam crepitus, Sen. : 
v. TO DIVERT. Il. Zo derange the 
mind: chiefly in p. part.: V. DISTRACT- 
ED. (See also supr. 3.) 

distracted (part.adj.): |, Occupied 
and dividedin mind: distentus, distract- 
us: v.preced.art. |], Mentally discom- 
posed, deranged : 1, amens, ntis: d. 
with fright, a. terrore, Liv.: Virg. Join: 
amens et attonitus, Curt. 2, vécors, 
rdis: d. by love for a woman, mulieris 
amore v., Tac.: panic-stricken and d., 
pavidi v.que, Just.: d. with guilt and 
fear, scelere et metu v.: Tac.: v. MAD. 

3, mente Ali@énatus: v. DERANGED. 

Phr.: to be d, with love for any one, 
deperire (with acec.), misere, perdite 
amare (Vv. TO LOVE): to go almost d, for 
joy, gaudio paene desipere, Cic. 

distractedly ; amens (in agr. with 
subject: see L. G. § 343): d. he directs 
his steps to the shore, cursu amens ad 
litora tendit, Virg. 

distracting (adj.): mélestus: more 
d. to me is a noise which, etc., moiestior 
est mihi sonus qui, etc., Sen.: Vv. ANNOY- 
ING, TROUBLESOME. Phr.: to be more 
d., magis avocare (sc. a studiis), Sen. Ep. 

|. A drawing 


56 (see the place). 
1, avoécatio: - 


distraction : 
of the attention: 
noises which go on around me without 
d., ea quae me sine a, circumstrepunt, 
Sen. 2, *distractio animi: cf. To 
DISTRACT. 8, more freq. expr. by 
verb: amid all this d., interea dum sic 
occupationibus distineor: v. TO DIs- 
TRACT. {]. That which draws off the 
attention: avOcamentum: Vv. DIVERSION. 
Ill. Zrsanity : insania, mens alien- 

ata: v. MADNESS. Phr.: to love to d.: 
VY. DISTRACTED (fin.). 

distrain: expr. by p. part. of com- 
mitto (to forfeit): to d. upon a person 
by seizing anything, aliquid commisso 
vindicare (tollere), Marc. Dig. 39, 4, 16, 
§ 8: to be seized on the same ground, in 
commissum cadere, ib. § 1. The act. 
committere is simply to forfeit: q. v. 
Sometimes vendo (in pass. sense veneo) 
may be near enough: ef. Dig. l.c., “nec 
vendendus est is servus qui in commis- 
sum cecidit, sed,” etc. 

distraint: nearest single word prob. 
venditio: cf. Gai. Inst. 2, 154. Phr.: 
to levy a d. (as done by a publican for 
non-payment of dues), commisso vil- 
dicare (v. preced. art.): to order a d. to 
be levied, constituere ut liceat bona ali- 
cujus vendere, Gai. (in R. and A.). 

distraught: amens: v. pisTRACTED. 

distress (subs.): |, Suffering, af- 
jliction: 1, aerumna (defined by Cic. 
as, aegritudo laboriosa, i.e. suffering 
accompanied with trouble or affliction) : 
what d. you have released me from, me 
ex quanta aerumna extraxeris, Ter. 

2. miséria (often pl.): Cic.: v. 

AFFLICTION, MISERY. 3, dolor, Sris 


eae 


DISTRESS 









(gen. term for suffering, of mind o1 
body): V. GRIEF, PAIN. 4, molestia 
(esp. in pl.): to relieve a person’s d. (by 
reasoning with him), aliquem a moles- 
tiis abducere, Cic.: to recover from d. 
and anziety, molestias et sollicitudines 
deponere, Cic.: v. VEXATION. 5. 
angustiae: v. STRAITS, DIFFICULTY. 6. 
angor, Oris (acute grief or suffering) : 
Cic.: Suet. Phr.: to succour (troops) 
in d., laborantibus succurrere, Caes.: (Vv. 
TO SUFFER): a cry of d., querela, eju- 
latio, vox miserabills (v. LAMENTATION) 5 
quiritatio and quiritatus: v. cry (LV. 5). 

I]. Strattened circumstances : aL 
angustiae, arum: brought into circum- 
stances of great d., in summas a. ad- 
ductus, Cic.: also in sing., lac.: Vv. DIF- 
FICULTY, STRAITS. 9. égestae: v. 


DESTITUTION. 3. inédpia: v. WANT. 

Ill. Seizure of goods: v. DIS- 
TRAINT. : 

distress (v.): 1. ango, xi, 3 


(keenly to annoy and render anxious) : 
to be d.d, angi animo, Cic. ; angi animi, 
PL Join: angere et sollicitum habere 
aliquem; angere atque sollicitare, Cic. 

Q. sollicito, 1 (to render anxious): 
Cic. (v. supr.). 3. afflicto, 1 (chiefly 


with pron. refl, or as pass.): to d. one- 


self (greatly), sese af., Sall.: Cic.: to be 
very greatly dd, acerbissime afflictari, 
Cic. 4, criicio, 1 (strictly, to torture: 
q. v.): Cic. See also foll. art. 
distressed (part. adj.) : 


Liv. 9. sollicitus: v. anxious. 3, 
afflictus (iit., cast down ; hence, in severe 
distress): to be in a more d. condition, 
afflictiore conditione esse, Cic.: d. mor- 
tals, af. mortales, ‘lib. Join: afflictus 
et jacens, Cic. 4. miser, éra, érum: 
Vv. WRETCHED. Phr.: to be d., angi, 
sollicitari, sese afflictare, etc.: v. TO 
LISTRESS. 
distressful : V. DISTRESSING. 
distressing : 1. Acerbus: v. 
BITTER. Very d., peracerbus, Pliu. jun. 
Q. afflictus: v. DISTRESSED (3). 3, 
miser: Vv. WRETCHED. 4. griivis, e: 
v.GRIEVOUs. 5, importinus: ad. and 
painful disorder, imp. acutusque mor- 
bus, Cic.: v. PAINFUL. 
distressingly: mistré, misérabili- 
ter: V. PITEOUSLY. 
distribute : |._ In gen. sense: 
1, distribuo, i, titum, 3: to d 
money, argentum d., Ter.; with dat., 
militi, Caes.: to d. the soldiers among 
the legions, milites in legiones d., Caes. : 
he dd the rest of the people into jive 
classes, reliquum populum distribuit in 
quinque classes, Cic. 2, divido, visi, 
visum, 3 (less freq.): to d. and circulate 
bills, d. passim et pervulgare tabulas, 
Cic.: to d. kisses, oscula d., Hor. : 
dispertio, 4 (to break up and share): to 
d. the recruits among the legions, tirones 
inter legiones d., Auct. B. Afr.: to d. 
(quarter) the army through the fortified 
towns, exercitum per oppida d., Liv. : 
to d. money to the jurors, pecuniam judi 
cibus d., Cic. (N.B. The depanent form 
also occurs.) 4, describo, psi, ptum, 
3 (to lay out and apportion): v. TO 
ALLOT. 5, partior, 4: v. TO DIVIDE. 
6. digéro, gessi, gestum, 3: v. TO 
ARRANGE. 7. dilargior, 4 (to d. 
lavishly) : Cic. ||. In certain special 
senses: Phr.: tod. the voting tablets (to 
electors, or jurors), tabulas, suffragia 
diribére, Cic.: to d. type, typos dis- 
cutere, Orell. 
distribution: partitio, distribitio, 
largitio (lavish), Cic. (But usu, better 
expr. by verb: commissioners for d. of 
lands, trinmviri agris dividendis: after 
the d. of the spoil, praeda dispertita ; of 
the voting tablets, diribitis tabellis: v. 
TO DISTRIBUTE.) Diribitio (with ref. to 
voting tables) occurs in Symmach. 
distributor: 1. distributor: Apul. 
Q. divisor (esp. applied to those who 
distributed bribes): Cic. 8. diribitor 
tof voting-tables) : Cic. 
distributive: |. Im gen. sense: 
expr. by verb, d. justice, *genus justi- 


1, aeger, | 


gra, grum (esp. poet.): d. with cares, | 
a. curis, Virg.: d. im mind, a. animi, | 





DISTURBANCE 





tiae distributum. 
*distributivus. 

distributively ; *per distributionem. 
(Cic. has distributé in somewhat diff. 
sense.) 

district: |. A tract of country: 

1. régio, dnis, f.: Rome was form- 

erly divided into four d.s, Roma olim in 
quatuor r. dividebatur, Suet.: Tac. : see 
also COUNTRY. Q, tzactus, is (an 
extent of country): the d. of Venafrae, 
t. Venafranus, Cic.: Hor. 8. locus: 
V. PLACE, REGION. |]. In legal sense ; 
a portion of country allotted to an officer 
or governor: dioecésis, is, f. (within 
which jurisdiction was exercised): Cic. 
(who sometimes writes the word with 
Greek characters, dcotcnaws): “ Latine 
jurisdictio et praefectura dici potest,” 
Fore.: v. DIOCESE. Phr.: beyond a 
man’s own d,, extra forum suum, Cic. 

distrust (swbs.) : 1, diffidentia : 
d. of one’s memory, d. memoriae, Quint. : 
of one's forces, a. copiarum, Suet. Pa 
more freq. expr. by verb: to feel d., 
diffidére: he is regarded with d., diffi- 
ditur, parum fidei habetur ei: v. foll. 
art. 

distrust (v.): 1, diffido, fisus, 3 
(with dat.: rarely abl.): to d. oneself 
and one’s fortunes, sibi ac suis fortunis 
d., Cic. Also with acc. and inf.: to d. 
one’s ability to attain, d. se assequi 
posse, Cic. 9. crédo, didi, ditum, 3 
(with a negative): totally tod. a person, 
alicui nihil credere, Cic.: J find it im- 
possible to d., ut non credam facere non 
possum, Cic. 3. fidem non habeo: 
Vv. TO TRUST. 4, suspicor, 1 (to enter- 
tain suspicion) ; V. TO DISTRUST. 

distrustful : 1, diffidens, ntis 
(with dat.): d. of self, sibi d., Cic.: v. 
TO DISTRUST. 2. suspicax, suspici- 
Osus: V. SUSPICIOUS. 8. vérécundus 
(d, of oneself): Vv. MODEST, BASHFUL. 
Phr.: Jf I saw my fellow-citizens so d. 


of me, si me meis civibus tam graviter | 


suspectum viderem, Cic. 
distrustfully : 
Cic.: Just.: v. DIFFIDENTLY. 
tanter: i.e. hesitatingly: q. v. 
disturb: 1, turbo, 1 (most gen. 
term): the sea is d.id by the violence of 


1, diffidenter: 
9. dibi- 


Cic.: Hor. Join: miscere et turbare 
omnia, Cic. Rarely intrans., to be d.’d, | 
Virg. 2. perturbo, 1 (stronger than 


simple verb): to d. terms and condi- 
tions, conditiones pactionesque p., Cic. : 
mor does that outcry discompose or d. 
me, nec me clamor iste commovet aut 
p., Cic. 3, conturbo, 1 (like perturbo, 
to throw into disorder): to d. the state, 
c. rempublicam, Sall. 
permisceo, commisceo, 2: v. TO CON- 
FUSE, MINGLE. 5, commdveo, movi, 
motum, 2 (esp. of the mind): v. TO 
AGITATE. 6. sollicito, 1 (to d. in 
mind, render anxious): Cic.: V. TO 
pisquieT. Also used in physical sense, 
to d. the sea with oars, freta remis s., 
Virg. 7, inquiéto, 1: tod. hens sit- 
ting, matrices incubanies inqg., Col.: to 
be d.’d by vyumours, ramoribus inquietari, 
Plin. Ep. (N.B. Disturbo is to break 
up, demolish: Cic.: Caes.) 
disturbance: 
turbatio, perturbatio: Cic. Or expr. by 
verb: v. preced. art. I]. (More freq. 
in this sense): the disorder itself: 1, 
turba (esp., @ popular or twmultuous 
d.): to foster violence and d., vim (belli) 
ae t. alere, Cic.: in what universal d. 
and confusion we live, quanta in t., 
quantaque in confusione vivimus, Cic. : 
to prevent any d., ne quid turbae fiat, 
PL 2, turbatio (esp. with rerum: 
see L. G. § 595): im this d. (or con- 
Fusion): in hac t. rerum, Liv. Ly 
perturbatio (stronger than turbatio : 
esp. of the mind): d. of the atmosphere 
(stormy weather), p. coeli, Cic. Join: 
conversio rerum et perturbatio, Cic. 
For mental sense, v. EMOTION. : 
confisio (a confused blending of things): 
Vv. CONFUSION. 5, tiimultus, is (d. 
on a large scale): to cause alarm and 
(general) d., formidinem et t. facere, 
Q 


4, misceo, | 


|. As act (rare): | 





Fall 


the winds, ventorum vi mare turbatur, | 


BUETY 





|. As gram. ¢ ¢.:] Sall.: Liy.: Cic.: v, TUMULT, Commo 


TIOX. 6. motus, ts (esp. a politicai 
movement or commotion): to cause a d. 
in the commonwealth, m. afferre reip., 
Cic. 7. expr. by verb, esp. impers. 
(see L. G. § 632): there had been ad 
in the camp, tumultuatum in castrie 
fuerat, Liv.: such a d. is there in the 
fields, usque adeo turbatur in agris, 
Virg.: to cause d. in the state, rempub- 
licam miscere, Cic.: Vv. TO DISTURB, 
8, interpellatio, i. e. interruption 

(of a speaker): q. v. 9, A means of 
exciting d., tuarbamentum : Tac. 

disturbed (part. adj.): 1, tur- 
billentus: a commonwealth (greatly) d., 
respublica t., Cic. 9. turbidus: the d 
plains of ocean, t. aequora ponti, Luer.; 
Vv. TURBULENT. 

disturber: 1, turbator (f. turba- 
trix): the d.s of the common people, t. 
vulgi, Liv. Q. interpellator, |.e. an 
interrupter: Cic. 3, homo or civis 
turbiilentus: Cic.: v. TURBULENT. 4, 
concitator (a stirrer up), with some de- 
fining word. Join: seditionis instimu- 
lator et concitator, Cic. §, in rhetori- 
cal lang., pestis, is, f., might perh. be 
used: that d. and destroyer of the state, 
p. ac pernicies civitatis, Cic.: v. SCOURGE. 
Phr.: to act as the d. of a state, tu- 
multum civitati inferre (civitatem turb- 
are, perturbare), Cic.: v. TO DISTURB. 

disunion : |. Separation: dissb- 
ciatio, séjunctio: Vv. SEPARATION. IL 
Discord: dissidium, discordia, simultas, 
dissensio: Vv. DISAGREEMENT. Pbhr,: 
to sow the seeds of d. between people and 
knights, serere causam discordiarum 
inter plebem et equites, Suet. 

disunite: 1. dissdcio, 1: to d. 
Friends (lit. friendships), amicitias d., 
Cic.: the citizens being d.d in feeling, 
dissociatis civium animis, Nep.: in phy- 
sical sense, to d. close parts, arctas partes 
d., Lucr. Q. sejungo, sépiaro, etc. : 
Vv. TO SEPARATE. 8. dirimo, émi, 
emptum, }: V. TO DIVIDE, DISSOLVE. 

disunited (part. adj.) : dissOciatus: 
Vv. TO DISUNITE. 

disuse (subs.): 1, désuétudo, inis, 
: d. of arms, armorum d., Liv.: to 
into d., in d. abire, Callist. Dig. 
Q. intermissio (for a time): v. In- 
TERMISSION. Phr.: to fall into d.: 
obsélesco, lévi, étum, 3: Varr.: Cic.: 
to restore a custom which had fallen 
into d., morem intermissum reducere, 
Plin.: words which have fallen into d., 
verba quae cecidere, Hor.: obsolefacio, 
to cause to fall into d. (efficere ut ali- 
quid obsolescat), only in Arnob. 

disuse (v.): deéddceo (v. TO UN- 
TEACH), desuéfacio, désuesco (v. TO DIS 
accustom): chiefly used in p. part., v. 
foll. art. 

disused: 1. désuétus: arme long 
d., diu d. arma, Virg.: Liv. 2. quod 
obsdlévit, intermissus (the latter, tem- 
porarily): v. DISUSE, fin. (N.B. Obso- 
letus appears not to occur in this sense.) 

ditch (subs.): fossa: to dig a d,, f. 
fodere, Liv.; f. ducere, if the length of 
the d. is considered, Caes.: to clean out 
old d.s, veteres f. tergere, Col.: Virg 
Dimin., fossiila, a small d., Cato. (N.B. 
scrobs or scrobis is a trench for plantiue 
in; incile or fossa incilis,a drain: see 


the words.) 
ditch (v.): fossam fodio, ete: 
preced.art. Phr.: to d. damp ground, 


agrum humidum fossis concidere, Plin 
ditcher : fossor: v. DIGGER. 
ditheism: *ditheismus: or by cir- 
cuml., *eorum opinio qui duos deos esse 
putant. 
dithyrhamb:; dithyrhambus: Hor.: 


ic. 
dithyrhambic;  dithyrhambicus, 
Cic. D. verses, dithyrhambi, Hor. 
dittany: dictamnus, i, 7., and -um, i 
Plin. 
ditty: 1, cantiléna (esp. a verse 
which has been often repeated): you 
sing the same d. (harp on the same 
string): eandem c. canis, Ter.: Cic 
9, nénia or naenia (strictly, a fue 
neral song, a dirge: also=cantilena, 
225 


DIURETIC 





supr.) : a child’s d., puerorum n., Hor. 
3, canticum: y. SONG. 
diuretic: 1, ditiréticus: Pall.: 
Coei. Aur. 9. mictorius, Coel. Aur. 
diurnal: diurnus: v. patvz. 
divan: |. A Turkish council of 
state: concilium, consilium (the context 
determining the precise sense): v. COUN- 
cm. ij. A sofa: lectus, lectiilus: v. 
COUCH. 
divaricate (rare): didiico, divido; 
as scient. ¢.¢., divarico: v. TO DIVIDE, 
FORK. (Divarico is to stretch out the 
legs or feet, or to arrange in an analo- 
gous manner : v. TO DIVIDE.) 
divarication: *divaricatio: 
scient. ¢. £.: V. DIVISION, DIVERGENCE. 
dive: J. Lit. to plunge into 
water : 1, mergo, si, sum, 3 (with 
pron. refl., or as pass.): birds which d. 
tn the sea, aves quae se in aequore m., 
Gic.; who has also mergi in aquam, in 
same sense: v. TO PLUNGE. 2. im- 
mergo, 3 (Same constr. as mergo): to d. 
tnto the water, in aquam se im., Plin. : 
Curt. §. arinor, 1 (a specific word : 
used whether of beasts or men that 
by nature or skill can remain under 
water): to plunge as persons who d., 
demergere, ut qui urinantur, Cic. fr.: 
Plin. (who has the word in sense to 
remain under water, as frogs): to d. 
for pearls, margaritas urinando saxis 
avellere: cf. Tac. Agr. 12, fin. ‘The 
form urino is less freq. 4, inirino, 1 
(like preced.: to d. in): Col. Il. 
Fig.: to search deeply: wperscritor, 
exploro, investigo, 1: Vv. TO SEARCH 
OUT, PENETRATE. 
diver: |. 4 person slcilled in 
diving: wtrinator: Liv.: Plin. (Or 
expr. by urinor: d.s, qui urinantur, Cic. ; 
urinantes, Plin.) _ [j, A kind of water- 
fowl: mergus: Virg. 
diverge: 1. To turn aside from 
away: 1, décédo, ssi, ssum, 3: usu. 
with de via: Lucr. has spatio decedere, 
of his atoms: v. TO DEVIATE. 2. de- 
verto, ti, sum, 3 (when the intention is 
to stop somewhere): Cic.: v. TO TURN 
ASIDE, LODGE, 3, averto, 3 (with se 
or iter): they had d.d from the Saone, 
{ter ab Arari averterant, Caes.: v. To 
TURN AWAY. 4, déclino, 1 (to depart 
from a straight line): Lucr. (of his 
atoms — decedere, 1,221). ||, 7o pro- 
ceed in different directions, as rays of 
light, etc.: 1, diffundor, fisus, 3 
(only of a number of things): v. TO 
SPREAD ABROAD. 2. discurro, curri, 
cursum, 3 (of rapid motion): rays d. 
from the middle, radii d. a medio, Plin. 
3. diffluo, xi, xum, 3: the Rhine 
dz tnto several branches, Rhenus in 
plures d. partes, Caes. 4, divarico, 
1 (in the manner of bandy-legs; so as 
to form a bifurcation: usu. trans.): 
(an ox) whose hoofs d., cujus ungulae d., 
Varr.: Cato. ||]. Of opinions: Phr.: 
thus far we agree with Epicurus; hence 
we d., *hactenus cum Epicuro sentimus; 
in iis quae sequuntur, diversi agimur. 
divergence: |. Lit.: of diverging 
ines : 1. déclinatio, Cic. (who uses 
the word with ref. to the Epicurean 
atoms). 2. expr. by verb : were there 
mot such a d., nisi (ea) declinare soler- 
ent, Lucr.: v. TO DIVERGE. jf, Fig., 
of opinions: discrépantia, dissidium : y. 
DIFFERENCE, DISAGREEMENT. And comp. 
TO DIVERGE (III.). 
diverging (a4j.): 1, diversus: 
there were several d. paths, plures erant 
d. semitae, Liv.: d. mouths (of a har- 
bour), d. aditus, Cic. 9. divaricatus 
(forming a fork): d. beams (fastened 
at one end), d. tigna, Vitr. 
divers (only used with plwr. subs.): 
varius, diversus: V. DIFFERENT, VARIOUS, 


as 


Phy.: im d. manners, multis modis, | amusING. 


Vulg. 


divers-coloured: versicolor, doris: | account, 1. historia, Gell. 


V. PARTICOLOURED. 
diverse: ilius, diversus : 
FERENT. 


Jiversification : variatio: v. VARI- | 


ATION. : 
diversified (part. adj.) : 
22 


$n ry 





DIVEST 


DIVIDE 





at intervals: 1, distinctus: v. To 
DIVERSIFY. 2. interstinctus: d. with 
variows colours, int. variis coloribus, 
Plin. |]. With varied hues or form: 
varius: d. discourse, v. sermo, Virg.: 
Vv. VARIOUS, VARIED. 

diversify : 1. vario, 1 (both lit. 
and fig.): to d. his (the sum’s) disk at 
rising with spots, maculis v. ortum, 
Virg.: to d. one’s style, orationem v. [et 
distinguere, the latter word showing 
that ornament is intended], Cic.: v. TO 
VARY. 9. distinguo, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
mark, stud, adorn with what is bright): 
with numerous streams d.ing the plain, 
planitiem crebris rivis distinguentibus, 
Curt.: d.’d with rudd, strealcs (of a pre- 
ctous stone), distinguentibus venis ru- 
bentibus, Plin.: Hor. 

diversion: |. Lit.: the act of 
turning a river from its course : il 
dérivatio: d.s of rivers, d. fluminum, 
Cic. 2. déductio (from the fountain 
head or source): Cic. (Or expr. by 
verb: by the d. of the water of the 
river, derivaté fluminis aqua: v. TO DI- 
VERT.) I]. Fig.: that which calls off 
the mind from occupation : 1, avo- 
catio: a d. from the thought of one’s 
misery, aV. & cogitanda miseria, Cic.: 
Sen. : Vv. DISTRACTION. 2. avoca- 
mentum (strictly, avocatio is the act of 
diverting or state of being diverted ; 
avocamentum the object which d.s): 
Plin. Ep. Ill. Recreation : 1, ob- 
lectatio (comp. AMUSEMENT, fin.): the 
d. of one’s leisure, ob. otii, Cic.: a kind 
of free d. of the mind, animi libera 
quaedam ob., Cic. Or. 1, 26, 118. 2. 
oblectamentum (diff. from preced. as 
cause from effect): “ oblectamenta quae- 
rit otiosus ludendo, spectando. jocando, 
ambulando,” Habicht Syn., § 341. 3) 
lidus: v. PLAY. 4, animus: only 
in phr. animi caus&: v. AMUSEMENT. 
Phr.: those things are a mere d., not 
(real) improvement, ludit in istis animus, 
non proficit, Sen.: when you wish d., 
quum voles nihil agere, Sen. Ep. 111, 4 
(see the place). 1V. Milit. 2 ¢.: an 
operation intended to distract the atten- 
tion of the enemy: expr. by verb: to 
execute a d.,ad distringendos (hostes), 
ad distringendas copias (hostium), Liv. : 
Vv. TO DIVERT. 


divert: |. Zo turn off the waters 
of a river: 1, dérivo, 1: v. TO DRAW 
OFF. 2. averto, ti, sum, 3: to d. 


rivers: flumina a., Cic. ll. Zo turn 
the attention or emotions in a new direc- 
tion: 1, dérivo, 1: to d. any one’s 
anger and turn it on oneself, iram ali- 
cujus in se d., Cic. 9. averto, ti, 
sum, 3: tod. a person from an under- 
takeing, aliquem ab incepto a., Liv. 3, 
dépello, puli, pulsum, 3 (like averto, to 
induce to abandon): to d. a person 


from his expectation and aim, aliquem 


de spe conatuque d., Cic. 4. avéco, 
1 (to call off or be the means of doing 
so): pleasure has never d.’d my atten- 
tion from (seeking) another’s good, ab 
nullius unquam commodo voluptas me 
avocavit, Cic. 5. dévéco, 1: v. TO 
CALL AWAY. 6, abdiico, xi, ctum, ;: 
Vv. TO DRAW OFF (jig.). _ ||. Zo amuse: 

1. oblecto, 1 (for diff. from delecto, 
comp. AMUSEMENT, /in.): Vv. TO AMUSE. 

2. ludo, si, sum, 3 (to d. oneself) : 
the mind d.s itself with such pursuits, 
l. in istis animus, Sen.: v. TO PLAY. 

IV. Asmilit.t.¢.: 1, distringo, 
nxi, ctum, 3: to d. the enemy’s forces, 
ad distringendas copias hostium, Liv. 

9. distraho, xi, ctum, 3: to d. 
the enemy’s attention, distrahendo hosti 


| (better, ad distrahendum hostem), Tac. 


Comp. TO DISTRACT. 
diverting: 1, @) festivus: v. 
Q. ridicilus: v. LaUGH- 
8. lidicer, cra, crum: a d. 
iirawatets 
very d., risu atque ludo res digna est, 


ABLE. 


Vv. DIF- | Gell. 


divertingly: festivé, festiviter: v. 


AMUSINGLY. 
divest: |. Lit.: to deprive of 


| 
|. Marked | cuothes or armour : niido, spolio, 1 (with 


acc. and abl.), détraho, 3 (with acc. and 
dat.): v.TOSTRIP. |, To take away 
an Office: abrogo, 1: V. TO DEPOSE (see 
also inf. 4). Wl. Fig. (the usual 
sense) : to d. oneself of, i.e. to lay aside 
banish from the mind ; to give up (an 
office) : 1. exuo, i, itum, 3 (with 
acc. of that which is laid aside): to d. 
oneself of antiquated fashions, antiquos 
mores ex., Liv.; of all human feeling, 
omnem humanitatem ex., Cic. 2 
pono, pdsui, positum, 3 (esp. poet.): v 
TO LAY ASIDE. 8. dépono, 3: v. To 
LAY DOWN, 4, abdico, 1 (of civil 
offices): to d. oneself of an office, ab. se 
magistratu, Cic : v. TO ABDICATE, RE- 








sign. Pbr.: J cannot d. myself of that 
opinion, *nullo modo illam opinionem 
(sententiam) a me depellere possum 
(the same may be expr. by exuo: mibi 
quidem ex animo exui non potest, Cic 
in R. and A.): see also To GET (rid of). 
divestiture: of an office, abrogatio 


V. DEPOSITION. 
divide: A, Trans.: |. To 
part asunder: 1, s&éco, 1: v. TO CUT, 
CLEAVE. Q2. divido, visi, visum, 3: 
to d. the clouds (of lightning), nubila d., 
Hor. Join perrumpere et dividere, 
Cic. 3. scindo, 3: v. TO CLEAVE. 
4, divarico, 1 (in a fork-like 
manner): (a beast) whose hoofs are 
(widely) d.d, cujus ungulae divaricent 
(se. se), Varr. Il. 70 separate into 
portions : 1, divido, 3: to be dd 
into two parts, in duas partes dividi, 
Caes.: to d. goods into three portions, 
bona tripartito d., Caes. Fig.: to d. 
an entire class into certain varieties, 
genus universum in species certas partiri 
acd.,Cic. 2, partior (less freq., partio), 
4: tod. land by a boundary-line, camp- 
um limite p., Virg.: v. TO SHARE. Esp 
of the division of subjects by a writer, 
often with dividere, v. swpr. 3. dis- 
pertio (less freq., dispertior), 4: tod. in 
a fourfold manner, quadrifariam dis- 
pertire, Varr.: Pl.: to d. the periods of 
pleasure and labour, tempora voluptatis 
laborisque d., Cic.: Vv. TO DISTRIBUTE 
4, describo, psi, ptum, 3 (to lay out 
and apportion by a plan): to d. the 
year into 12 months, in duodecim menses 
annum d., Liv.: to d. the people by for- 
tune, populum censu d., Cic. 5, dis- 
tribuo, i, itum, 3: Vv. TO DISTRIBUTE 
Join: partiri ac distribuere, Caes 
Ill. Zo separate from: divido, se- 
paro, dispesco (rare): V. TO SEPARATE. 
. To allot in portions: if 
divido, 3: to d. goods amongst the men, 
bona viritim d., Cic.: v. TO DISTRIBUTE, 
ALLOT. 2. partior, 4: he ds the 
spoil amongst his comrades, praedam 
partitur in socios, Virg.: esp. when the 
divider takes a portion for himself: v. 
TO SHARE. 3. dispertio, 4: to divide 
money amongst the jurors, pecuniam 
judicibus d., Cic.: v. TO DISTRIBUTE. 
V. (In this sense usu. pass.), to be 
divided in opinion: Phr.: authors are 
d.d in their opinion, discrepat, hand 
convenit, inter scriptores: Vv. TO DIS- 
AGREE: the senate was d.d tn its opinion. 
*duae senatum sententiae distinebant : 
to be d.d in one’s counsels, cursibus abs- 
trahi, Tac. B. Intrans.: |. Zo 
part asunder: |, divido, séco, scindo 
(v. supr. A., I.), with pron. refl.: the 
clouds d., scindunt sese nubes, Virg.: 
or sometimes in pass. (refl.): the flame 
d.s, scinditur flamma, Luc.: see L. G. 
§ 633. 9. discédo, ssi, ssum, 3: all 
u.d in twain and made room, discessere 
omnes medii, spatiumque dedere, Virg. : 
the furrow d.s before the plough, d. 
vomere sulcus, Lucr. 3, déhisco, 3: 
Vv. TO GAPE OPEN. 4. dissilio, ui and 
ivi, ultum, 4 (suddenly): Virg.: Plin. 
Il. To vote by dividing : 1. dis- 
cédo, 3 (to go to one side of the house in 
favour of or against a motion): to d. in 
favour of this motion, in hanc senten- 
tiam d., Cic.: to d. against any one’s 
motion, 4. in alia omnia (to adopt any 
motion rather than the one recom- 
mended), Cic. (but senatus discedit must 
not be used for ‘the house devides ” 


DIVIDED 





comp Sall. Cat. 55; Liv. 3, 41): the ' 
formula calling upon the senate to 





DIVISION 





recte dé me auguraris, Cic : v. TO CON- 
JRCTURE, PREBAGE. 4, divino, t (to 


“ divide” was this, “Qui hoe censetis | foreiell, foresee: q.V.): as though he 


illuc transite; qui alia omnia, in_hane 
partem ” Crev. ad Liv. lc. D). eo, | 
ivi and {i ete. (of individual members 
siding or not with a motion): v. TO 
VOTE. 
divided (part. adj.): dividuus: d. 
toil, d. labor, Sen.: d. waters, d. aqua, 
Ov. Phr.: d. in two, bipartims, Varr. : 
Plin.; in three, tripartitus, Cic.; im 
four, quadriparitus, Cic.: streams d. 
tnto seven channels, flumina septem- 
flua. Ov. 
dividend: |. The number to be 
divided: *numerus dividendus. Ul. 
Share of pro: ts in a commercial enter- 
prise: *emolumentum pro rata portione 
capitis ae-timatum. 
divider (rare) expr. by verb: v. To 
DIV IDE. 
dividual : dividuus (capable of being 
divided): Cic. 
divination: 1, divinatio (gen. 
term): defined by Cic, as, “ earum 
rerum quae fortuitae putantur prae- 
dictio atque praesensio,” Div. 1, init. 
9. vaticinatio: v. pRopHECY. 3, 
auguratio (from the flight, etc. of 
birds): d. from sparrows, aug. ex pas- 
seribus, Cic. 4, augtirium (any in- 
stance ot divination): to try or prove a 
matter by d., rem augurio experiri, Flor. : 
to exercise d., a. agere, Cic.: Vv. AUGURY. 
5, baruspicina (by entrails of vic- 
tims): Vv. SOOTHSAYING. 6. divinitas 
(a kind of prophetic or supernatural 
power): comp. Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119. To 
practise d., divinare: Vv. TO DIVINE. 
divine (adj.): |. Pertaining to 
the gods: 1, divinus: d. origin, d. 
origo, Liv.: not without d. assistance, 
non sine ope d., Cic.: d. worship, res 
divinae, Cic.: Liv.: a d. inspiration, 
afflatus d., Cic.: to attend d. service, 
rebus d. interesse, adesse, Liv. D. 
use gen. of deus: the d. mercy, power, 
dei (deorum) misericordia, potentia: v. 
GOD. 3. dius (rare): Lucr.: Varr. 
4. coelestis, e: d. origin (of the 
soul), c. origo, Virg.: d. honours (cere- 
monies) are decreed (to him), c. reli- 
giones decernuniur, Tac. Join: di- 
vinum atque coeleste (animal), Cic. §, 
sacer, cra, crum: Vv. SACRED. Esp. as 
subs. in pl. neut.: to attend d. service, 
*sacris adesse (Kr.). Phr.: d. power, 
numen: V. DIVINITY. Il. Fig.: ad- 
mirable, superhuman: divinus: d. ge- 
nius, a. ingenium, Cic. Phr.: nights 
and suppers d., noctes coenaeque de- 





orum ! Hor. 

divine (subs.): thedlégus (@eoAdyos), 
i: first applied to St. John the Divine: 
V. THEOLOGIAN. (For divine 
in sense of clergyman, see the latter 
word.) 

divine (".): |. In strict sense, to 
discover by divination: 1, divino, 
I (gen. term): used both with and 
without an object (as futura) by Cic.: 
Vv. TO FORETELL. 2. augutror, less 
freq. augiro, 1 (by augury, observation 
of birds): Calchas from the number of 
the sparrows d.d the years of the Trojan 
war, Calchas ex passerum numero belli 
Trojani annos auguratus est, Cic.: in 
wider sense, fo d. (he fulure, futura a., 
Cie. 3, augiirium ago, égi, actum, 3: 
the regular phrase for formal divination 
by taking the auspicrs: Cic. I). 
Fig.: to conjecture deeply and saga- 
ciously : 1, conjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 
(Brutus) who d.d so shrewdly concern- 
ing the kissing of his mother, qui de 
suavianda matre tam acute [ex oraculo} 
conjecit, Cic.: to d. the future with very 
great shrewdness, callidissime de futuris 
c., Nep. 2. expr. by conjecttira (the 
act of putting things together, and 
so drawing an inference) and various 
verbs: as far as I can d., quantum 
conjectura anguramur, Cic.: simly, con- 
jecturam facere, capere ex (de) aliqua 
re, conjecturé perspicere : Vv. TO INFER, 

3, augiiror, 1: esp. with conjectura, 

y. supr.: also absol., you d. me rightly 


L. : 





dd the result, quasi dv exitu divinaret, 
Cic. 5. praecipio, c@pi, ceptum, 3 
(to anticipate by seeing through before- 
hand): he had dd (foieseen) that this 
would come t» pass, haec neu ventura 
pracceperat, Caes 6. perspiciv, 3: 
V. TO SEE THROUGH, PENETRATE. 
divinely: | From herven: 1, 
divinitus (diviné, by divinition, with 
prophetic power, Cic.): d. bestou ed upon 
us, d. ad nos delatus, Cic.: v. PROVI- 


DENTIALLY. 9. (after pass. verbs) : 
a Deo (diis): v. Gop. I]. Admirably, 
wonderfully; 1, divinitus: d. argued 


by Plato, d. a Platone disputata, Cic. 
9, diviné: d. does Plato call plea- 
sure vice’s bait, divine Plato escam 
malorum volupta'em appellat, Cic. : 
Quint. 3. @grégié, eximié: v. Ex- 
CELLENTLY. 
divineness: divinitas: v. DIVINITY. 
diviner (subs): augur, haruspex, 
etc.: V. SOOTHSAYER. 
diving-bell: perb. *vas trinato- 
rium: *testa urinatorum (Kr.). 
divinity : |. Divine nature or 
power: 1. divinitas: to ascribe d. 
to the mind, menti d. tribuere, Cic. 
2, namen, inis, n. (divine authority 
or dignity): many prodigies declare her 
power and d. (of Ceres), multa prodigia 
vim ejus n.que declarant, Cic.: sup- 
pliant I appeal to thy d., supplex tua 
numina posco, Virg. Phr.: to main- 
tain the d. of Christ, *Christum deum 
esse, divina natura praeditum esse af- 
firmare ; to deny it, *divinam Christi na- 
turam tollere. I]. A divine being: 
1, niimen, inis, 7. (esp. poet.) : pro- 
pitious, adverse d.s, n. praesentia, laeva, 
Virg.: v. DEITY. 9. deus, divus: v. 
GOD. Il. Theology: thedlogia, res 
divinae: v. THEOLOGY. 
divisibility: expr. by adj. under 
DIVISIBLE, or verbs under DIVIDE (I.): 
to possess d., dividuum esse, Cic.: he 
believes in the infinite d. of matter, 
nullum statuit corporibus finem esse 
secandis, cf. Lucr. 1, 844. 
divisible: 1, dividuus (that may 
be or that is divided): the indivisible 
and the d., individuum et d., Cic. a 
divisibilis, e (unclass.): Ter. 3, expr. 
by verb: these first elements are not d., 
nullo modo baec principia secari frangive 
possunt (based on Lucr.). 4. fissilis, 
e (easily divided by splitting): Virg. 
division: |. The act of dividing 
into parts : 1, divisio. d.s of lands, 
Tac.: fourfold d., quadripartita d., Cic. 
2. divisus, iis (only in dat.) : easy 
of d., facilis divisui Liv. 45, 30. 3. 
descriptio (laying out and distributing 
by plan): the d. into centuries and 
classes, d. centuriarum  classiumque, 
Liv. : Vv. DISTRIBUTION. 4, partitio: 
Cie. 5, expr. by verbs under To 
pivipk (I., II.): easy of d., quod facile 
secatur, dividitur; for the d. of the 
spoil, ad praedam dispertiendam, divi- 
dendam, ete. |', Cf a subject, by a 
writer : 1. partitio (7 to heads or 
branches): Cic. 9. divisio (when 
things individually distinct are spolcen 
of): Cic.: Quint. I]. Visunion : 
1. dissidi::m: v. DISAGREEMENT. 
Q2. séditio (political): a d. arose 
between those who were for war and 
those who were for peace, s. inter belli 
prcisque auctores orta, Liv.: v. SEDI- 
TION. Phr.: to be in a state of d., 
discrepare, dissidére, dissentire: v. TO 
DISAGREE. IV. That which sepa- 
rates: 1, discrimen, inis, m. (only in 
fig. sense): to be separateil by a very 
narrow d., pertenui d. separari, Cic. : 
Vv. DISTINCTION. 9, divistira (rare): 
Plin.: v. PARTITION. V. A separate 
portion of a subject or work: . 
pars, partis, f.: cf. Liv. 21, 1, init. 
Dimin., particiila, a smaller division : 
v. PORTION. 2, caput, Itis, n. (a lead- 
ing d.): the two first ds of your letter, 
prima duo c. epistolae tuae, Cic.: v. 
HEAD, CHAPTER. 











VI. Of an army: ' 


DO 


—- Ow 


no nearer word thun exercitils, copi- 
arum pars. Phr.: in two, three ds, 
bipariito, tripartito: fo attack in twe 
(three) d.s, signa bipartite inferre, Caes. ; 
tripartito (urbem) ageredi, Liv. YI], 
Of the senate, for voting: discessio: to 
have recourse to a d., d. ia ere, Cic. Phil 
14, 7, fin. (but according to some the 
discessio was only made when the hous: 
was uvanimous, Gell. 14, 7, ad fin.). 
divisor: *diviser, as arith. ¢. ¢. 
divorce (subs.) : 1. divortium 
to effect a d., d. facere (c'im aliquo, ali- 
qua), Cic. 2. répiidium (strictly of 
marriages contracted Jur, not effected : 
only on the part of the husband, whereas 
divortium may be effected by husband 
or wise): to send notice of a d. (by the 
formula, “res tuas tibi habeto”’), r. 
renuntiare, Pl.; r. uxort remittere, 
Suet.; dicere, Tac. 3, diffarreatio 
(of a marriage effected by contarreatio : 
rare): Fest. 
divorce (v.): |, Lit.: of the nup- 
tial tie: ], nuntium mitto, misi, 
missum, 3 (referring to the custom- 
ary formula, v. DIVORCE, subs. I1.): to 
marry a second wife without dang the 
former, alteram ducere, neque n. priori 
mittere, Cic. Mitto is also used absol. 
in same sense, Ulp. Dig. 2. rémitto, 
3: to d. one’s wife, uxorem r., Suet. ; 
more fully, repudio r., Just. 3. di- 
vortium facio, 3: v. DIVORCE, subs. 4, 
répidio, 1 (also used of annutling a 
betrothal: said of the man, whereas the 
preceding may be used of (he woman) : 
Suet. 5, expr. by matrimonium and 
various verbs: dimittere aliquam e 
matrimonio, Suet. ; matrimonio depel- 
lere, exturbare (with violence), ‘lac. 
Phr.: to marry a woman that har 
d.d her husband, feminam digressam a 
-marito ducere, Suet. Il. Fig.: to 
separate forcibly: séjungo, divello: v. 
TO SEPARATE, DISJOIN. 
divorcement: chiefly in phr., bill 
of d., libellus divortii, Cic.; 1. repudii. 
Vulg. Matt. xix. 7. 
divulge: 1, patéfacio, féci, fact- 
um, 3 (to lay open to view): Join: 
proferre et patefacere, Cic.: v. TO DIS- 
CLOSE. 2. palam facio, 3 (like 
preced.): v. KNOWN (TO MAKE). a: 
vulgo, 1 (to publish abroad): to d. the 
mystery of Ceres, sacrum Cereris v., 
Hor.: v.TO PUBLISH. Simly, the comps. 
divulgo, Cic.: Suet.; évulgo, Liv.: Tac 
4, Enuntio, 1 (to give secret intel- 
ligence): by an oath not to d., jure 
jurando ne quis enuntiare!, Caes.: ou? 
plans were being d.d to the enemy, con- 
silia nostra hostibus enuntiari, Caes, 
5, prodo, didi. ditum, 3 (/o let out) : 
to d. secrets, secreta prod., ‘l'ac.; arcana 
p., Juv.: Vv. TO BETRAY. 6. proféro, 
tiili, latum, 3: the secrets of the heart 
are d.d, secreta animi proferuntur, Plin. 
more fully, in medium prof., Cic. ie 
Elimino, 1 (jocosé, lit. to turn out of the 
house): tod. what has been satd (carry 
tales), dicta foras e., Hor. ;=dicta foras 
efferre (R. and A.). 8, promdéveo, 
movi, modtum, 2: to d. secrets, arcana 
pr. loco, Hor. Epod. 11, 14. 
divulger (rare): 1, vulgator, Ov. 
2, proditor: v. BETRAYER. 
index, icis, c.; Vv. INFORMER. 
dizziness: vertigo, vertigines: v. 
GIDDINESS. 
dizzy: vertiginosus: v. GIDDY. 
do (see also DONE): |. 7o effect: 
1, faicio, féci, facturm, pass. fio, 
fiéri, 3 (the most usu. equiv. for the 
Eng.): I cannot do more than I have 
done, ego plus quam feci, f. non possum, 
Cic.: ke begged me to write (o you, which 
I do, orabat ut ad te scriberem; quod 
facio, Cic : what am IJ to do, quid 
faciam? Cic.: what would you do with 
such a fellow, quid hoc homine factatis ? 
Cic.: to do any one a kindness, bene- 
ficium alicui f., Cic.; bene f. alicut, Cic. 
Ter.: to do violence to any one, vim 
alicui f., Liv. 9, efficio, 3 (stronger 
than facio, to succeed in duiny, to effect): 
to do what one has proposed, quod quis 
proposuerit ef. Cic.: v. TOEFFECT. 3, 
224 


DO ZAQWEALY, OW. er 





Ago, €gi, actum, 3 (the most gen. term 
to denote action of any kind: often 
used impers. in pass.): to do nothing, 
nihil a., Cic.: what am I to do, quid 
agam? ‘Ter.: what is doing, quid agitur? 
‘Yer.: V. TO GO ON. 4, géro, gessi, 
gestum, 3: V. TO CARRY ON, TRANSACT. 
Phr.: to do one’s endeavour, do one’s 
best that...., id agere, dare operam ut 
(ne), or absol., Ter.: Caes.: to do one's 
duty (zealously) to the state, navare 
operam reipublicae, Cic.: to do any 
one’s commands sedulously or actively, 
Mandata alicujus facessere, Virg.: to 
have enough to do, sat agere, also satis 
agere, or as one word satagere, PI.: 
Cic,: Quint.: to do nothing, nihil agere 
et cessare, Cic.: we have long enough 
done nothing, cessatum usque adhuc 
est, Ter.: to do good to, prodesse, bene- 
facere, with dat. (v. TO BENEFIT, SERVE): 
of medicines, facere: the root does a 
great deal of good in cases of colic, 
radix coeliacis praeclare facit, Plin.: to 
do harm to, obesse, nocere with dat. (v. 
FO INJURE): up then and be doing, quin 
igitur expergiscimini! Sall. li, To 
do with, have concern with: Phr.: to 
have to do with the soil (of farmers), 
rationem habere cum terra, Cic.: to 
have to do with a person, rem habere 
cum aliquo, Ter.: that I have nothing 
to do with, (id) nihil ad me attinet, Ter. : 
£0 as far as I have to do with it, quod ad 
me attinet, Cic.: Liv.: in short sen- 
tences the verb is sometimes omitted, 
what has that to do with the matter, 
quid ad rem? nihil ad rem, etc.: to 
have as little as possible to do with any 
one, *quam minime familiariter uti ali- 
quo: have thou nothing to do with an 
inquisitive man, percontatorem fugito, 
Hor.: I have nothing to do with him, 
mihi cum illo nihil est, Cic.: what have 
Ito do with thee, quid mihi et tibi est? 
Vulg. [I]. As auxiliary verb: not 
expressed unless emphatic in Eng., 
when it may often be rendered by vero: 
T do really wish, ego vero cupio, Cic. : 
when in Eng. the auxiliary stands alone, 
in Lat. the verb is often expressed: do 
you believe ? I do, credisne? credo: v. 
YES, INDEED. When do expresses urgent 
entreaty, it may often be expr. by 
amabo: do assist me, amabo, adjuta me! 
Ter.: Cie.: or by quaeso, obsecro (v. 
PRAY); and sometimes by quin (v. Just, 
adv.). IV, Intrans., to be getting 
on, in circumstances or health: Phr.: 
how do you do, dearest friend, quid agis, 
dulcissime, rerum? Hor.: they are doing 
well, bene est illis, Cic.: Hor.: simly is 
used bene habere (Gr. ed Exe), Pl.: 
Cic.: may you do well, bene rem geras ! 
Hor. VY. To succeed, answer well : 
1, facio, 3 (of medicines): Plin.: 
v. supr. (1. Phr. fin.). 9. respondeo, 
2 (of crops): v.TO ANSWER (LIL). YI, 
Te be enough, satisfactory : 1, expr. 
by satis, sat: if would have done well 
enough, satis erat (with inf.), Cic.: 7 
doesn’t do for poetry to be merely prety, 
non satis est pulchra esse poemata, Hor. : 
Hold ! that ’ll do, Ohe jam satis, Hor. 
9, in accepting an offer, expr. by 

_ benigné: just take as many as you 
please, thank you, that will do, at tu 
quantumvis tolle:—Benigne, Hor.: Pl. 
Phr.: come, that won’t do, *at id non 
est ferendum! non patiar; indigna 
facis. VII. Zo impose upon (vulg.): 
ludificor, verba do, etc.: v. TO CHEAT, 
FOOL. 

do away with: tollo, abdleo, dis- 
solvo, etc.: V. TC ABOLISH. 

— for: i.e. to settle, destroy: con- 
ficio, perdo: v. TO DESTROY, DISABLE. 

— up (colloq.): i.e. to fasten up: 
colligo, constringo: v. TO TIE UP, 
FASTEN UP. 

— without: cireo, 2 (with abdl.): 
Y. TO DISPENSE WITH. 

docile: 1. décilis, e: v. TEACH- 
ABLE, 9, facilis, e (in wider sense, 
easy to influence): d. temper of young 
(cattle), juvenum faciles animi, Virg.: 
Vic. §, mobilis, e: Virg : v. PLIANT. 

4, tractabilis, e (easily managed); Cic, 

228 





DOCUMENT 


DOGGEREL 








docility : 1, docilitas ; Cic. : Suet. 
9, facilitas (v. pocinz, 2): Quint. 
8, by circumL, docilis animus, fa- 
oile ingenium, etc.: 7. DOCILE. 
dock (subs.): |. A station for 
ships: navale, is, n. (oftener pl.): d.s, 
harbours, aqueducts, navalia, portus, 
aquarum ductus, Cic.: a dry d., siccum 
n., Uv. Vitr. has gen. pl. navaliorum. 
Il. The place where a criminal 
stands for trial: perh. cancelli: v. BAR. 
II. Zhe plant: rimex, icis, /,, 
Plin.; or perh. l4pathus or lapathum, 
Virg. Col. 
dock (v.): |. To put up in dock : 
subduco, xi, ctum. 3 (to haul up a vessel 
anywhere): Liv. Il. Zo cut short-: 
1, curto, 1: Hor.: Pers.: v. TO 
CURTAIL. 9. praecido, 3: v. TO CUT 
OFF: v. foll. art. 
docked (part. adj.): curtus: a d. 
(prob. gelded) mule, c. mulus, Hor. 
docket (swbs.) : |, A note or ticket 
attached : perh. titiilus, libellus, v. BILL 
(IV.). Il. An alphabetical list of per- 
sons who have suits: perb. *libellus or 
bréviarium (index) causarum: v. SUM- 
MARY. Phr.: to strike a d., *aliquem 
ut solvendo imparem (non solvendo) 


deferre (R. and A.). 

docket (v.): *titulum addo, ad- 
jicio (?). 

dock-tailed: (?) curtus: v. DOCKED. 


dock-yard: navalia, ium and iorum, 
n. pl.: ¥. DOCK. 


doctor (subs.): |. One qualified 


to teach, hence, as title of honour: doc- | 


tor: d. in theology, medicine, philosophy, 
theologiae, medicinae, pbilosophiae d., 
M. L.: to be made a d., in doctorum 
ordinem ascribi, doctoris nomine insig- 
niri, nomen et dignitatem doctoris adi- 
pisci (Kr.): to obtain the degree of d. of 
law with great honou, magna cum 
laude gradum doctoris juris adipisci 
(Wyttenb. in Kr.). ||. 4 practitioner 
in medicine : mécicus (7. médica, Inscr.): 
to call in the d.,m. adducere ad aliquem, 
Cic. ; arcessere, PI. 

doctor (v.): 1, ciiro, 1 (the usual 
word to denote medical treatment): v. 
TO TREAT. 2, medicamenta alicui do, 
praebeo: v. MEDICINE. 3. médicor, 
I (both lit. and fig.: usu. with dat.): to 
d. old men, senibus m., Virg.: to d. one- 
self (fig.), sibi m., Ter. 

doctoral: gen. of doctor. 

doctorate es gradus, dig- 

doctorship § nitas, nomen. 

doctoress: médica: v. DocTOR. 

doctrinaire: * homo  praeceptis 
(axiomatis) quibusdam politicis plus 
aequo deditus. 

doctrinal: now used only with ref. 
to theology: *doctrinalis, e: theol. ¢. ¢. 
Phr.: d. writings, *libri de doctrina 
Christiana scripti: d. preaching, *ora- 
tionis id genus quod id agit ut doctrinas 
Christianas magis quam praecepta vitae 
sauctae inculcet. 

doctrine: |. A theory or opinion 
Formally enunciated : . dogma, 
atis, m. (Gr. doyua): Cic.: Juv. vA 
placitum: d.s o/ physicians, medicorum 
placita, Plin. (Vic. has only the verb: 
it is a d. of the Stoics, placet (Soxec) 
Stoicis, with acc. and inf.) 8. *doc- 
trina: a most salutary d., d. saluber- 
rima, Corp. Conf.: also collectively, 
Christian d., d. Christiana, Corp. Conf. 
(N.B. In these senses not class.) See 
also OPINION, PRECEPT, I]. A system 
of doctrines : 1. ratio: the d. of the 
Stoics, Stoicorum r., Cic. 9. disci- 
plina (an entire body of teaching): to be 
laid down by particular systems of phi- 
losophical d., a singulis philosophiae 
disciplinis dici, Cic.: Vv. DISCIPLINE, 


SCHOOL. 3, *doctrina (theol. ¢.¢.): v. 
supr. (3). 
document: 1, tabila: public 


d.s (records), t. publicae, Cic. 2. in- 
strimentum (a jormal paper, a deed) : 
a d. pertaining to a suit, litis inst., 
Quint.: Scaev. Dig. 8, litérae, arum: 
a public d. [an inventory] preserved in 
the treasury, 1. publicae in aerario con- 
ditae, Cic. 4, expr. by scriptus : every 








kind of d., *quodcunque genus scripti 
libri: the d. ran thus, scriptum erat hoc 
modo (based on Cic.). 

documentary : gen. of tabulae, etc. 
v. preced. art. 

dodder: *cuscuta (Europaea, With.) 

dodge (?.): |. Zo elude @ pur- 
suer: 1, élido, elabor, 3 (the former 
only with acc. of object): v. TO ELUDE. 

Q, déclino, 1 (to turn a little aside, 

and so avoid): to try to d. the noose o/ 
justice, laqueos judiciorum d., Cie: v. 
TO AVOID. ||. Zo shuffle, act slyly 
and dishonestly: tergiversor, 1: Cic. : 
Liv.: v. TO SHUFFLE, IMPOSE UPON. 

dodge (subs.): i.e. a trick: délus, 
tricae, praestigiae: v. TRICK. Phr.: to 
try on some d., aliquid fallaciae conari 

er. 

dodger: i.e. a sly rogue, vétérator, 
praestigiator: Vv. ROGUE, TRICKSTER, 

dodo: *didus. 

doe: |. A female deer: cerva: 
Virg.: Plin. Il. The female of a rab- 
bit: cuniculus femina: v. FEMALE. 

doer: 1, actor: a d. of deeds, a. 
rerum, Cic. 2, auctor (rare in this 
sense): the narrator and the d., scriptor 
et auctor rerum, Sall. 3. factor (not 
class. in this sense): the d. of the work, 
f. operis, Vulg. Jac. I, 25. 4, more 
freq. expr. by verb: the ds of great 
deeds, qui magna (magnas res) fecerunt, 
ete, 

dog (subs.): |. The animal : ale 
canis, is, c. (mostly /. when used generi 
cally): to keep d,s, canes alere, Ter.: he 
delights in horses and d.s, gaudet equis 
canibusque, Hor.: hunting d.s, c. vena- 
tici, Cic.: to hunt the hare with d.s, 
canibus venari leporem, Virg.: to set on 
d.s, canes immittere, Virg.: a Molossian 
d. (a famous hunting-hound), Molossus 
c., Hor. Hence Molossus is often used 
subs, in the poets, as, acer Molossus, 
Virg. Dimin. of canis, caniciila, a small 
d., Plin.; but usu, employed in different 
sense: Vv. DOG-STAR. 2. catilus, f. 
citiila (strictly, a young d., a whelp, 
q. v.): trusty d.s, ¢. fideles, Hor. Dimin. 
catellus, f. citella, esp. a pet dog, Pl.: 
Hor. Phr.: belonging to a d., caninus: 
a d.’s skin, pellis cunina, Serib,: the d.’s 
letter (r), littera c., Pers.: d.’s flesh, catu- 
lina, Plin. Fig.: those things may go 
to the d.s for aught I care, per me ista 
pedibus trahantur, Cic.: go to the ds 
with you, abin’ hinc in malam crucem, 
Pl.: of similar force but less colloq., 
perire, pessum dari or ire, in pejus 
ruere : V. TO RUIN. Il. Fig.: @ morose 
churlish person: canis: Ter.: Hor. In 
milder sense, a wicked dog, improbus, 
Hor. Ill. Zhe constellation: canis: 
V. DOG-STAR. 

dog (v.): 1, investigo, indago, 1: 
Vv. TO TRACE, TRACK. 2, inséquor, 
ciitus, 3; Vv. TO PURSUE: the same for- 
tune d.s the men, eadem fortuna viros 
ins., Virg. Phr.: to d. @ person, ali-~ 
cujus vestigia calcare, Sen.: to d. the 
enemy’s steps, vestigiis sequi hostem 
Liv.: Marcellus d.’d-his steps, Marcellus 
vestigiis instabat, Liv. 

dog-briar: v. DOG-ROSE. 

dog-cheap (adj.): pervilis, e: Liv.: 
Vv. CHEAP. 

dog-collar : 1, collare, is, 
(used to protect the necks of animals 
From wild beasts): Varr. Q. mae- 
lium; also mellum, millus (spiked): 
Varr. 3, armilla (?): the subs. is not 
found in this sense, but Prop. has armil- 
lati colla canes, collared dogs, 4 (5), 
8, 24. 

dog-day; dies cinicilaris, Pallad. 
the d.s. Caniculae flagrantis hora, Hor. 

dog-fancier; *qui canibus alendis 
studet. 

dog-fish: 1, c&nis mirina, Plin. 

2, caniciila, Plin, 

dog-fiv; *musca canicularis, Linn. 

dogged: pervicax : v. OBSTINATE, 

doggedly: pervicaciter: v. OBSTI- 
NATELY. 

doggedness: pervicacia: v. OnST# 
NACY. 

doggerel, perh. nénia (or naenia? 


-—  « 


DOGGISH 





ef. Hor. Ep. i, 1, 62: or by circum, 
versus inepti; versus inculti et male 
nati, Hor. (bad verses of any kind). 
doggish: 1. caninus: Ov. 
cynicus. v, CURRISH, CYNICAL. 
dog-grass: *triticum caninum, Linn. 
poe: ead (a plant): cyndcéphalia, 


Ue ecciea epith. of a kind of 
apes, cynécéphali, Plin. 

dog-kennel: (canis) citbile, Phaedr. 

dog-Latin: in Germ. kiichen-latein, 
kitchen-latin, hence, Latinitas in culina 
(Kr Erasm.; culinam redolens, Jan. 

r.) 

dog-like (adv.): canatim (better 
canum ritu), Nigid in Non. 

dog-louse: ricinus, Plia. 

dogma: dogma, placitum: v. Doc- 
TRINE (1.). 

dogmatic t I. Pertaining to 

dogmatical § dogmas: dogmaticus: 
Auson. I]. Prone to dogmatism: in 
this sense usu. DOGMATICAL. Phr.: a 
d. person, *qui sententias suas ut ma- 
gister (auribus) inculcat; qui alienam 
sententiam non patitur. 

dogmatically: Phr.: to talk d, 
*arroganter et quasi quis magister artis 
suae esset loqui; sententias suas prue- 
cipientis modo inculcare; aliter senti- 
entes non pati: v. DOGMATIZE. 

dogmatism; nearest word prob. 
arrogantia. More fully, *arrogantiae 
genus a scholis petitum, quod in sen- 
tentiis proferendis cernitur; arrogantia 
quasi praecipientis. 

dogmatist: J. One who deals 
with , dogmatistes, ae: Hier. 


I]. A dogmatical person: vy. DoG- 
MATIZER. i: 
dogmatize : |. To lay down 


: dogmatizo, 1 (=dogmata trado, 
dogmatum auctor sum), Aug. {]. Zo 
Speak in an arrogant, positive manner. 
Phr.: I am afraid of seeming to d., 
vereor ne quasi praecipientis cujnsdam 
et docentis esse videatur oratio, Cic. (in 
R. and A.): to fall into a d.ing strain, 
ad praecipiendi rationem delabi, Cic. 

dogmatizer: *qui praecipiendi Ta- 
tionem amat; qui omnia affirmat quasi 
magister esset artis; homo arrogans in 
iaurepouibys, sententiarum alienarum 
i tiens. 

ogs’-meat: *canum cibns. 
pitoe-rose: 1, cynosbatos, i, f.: 
2, rubus cininus: Pall. SY 
cca: ar 
dog-star: , canis, is, c.: Virg. 
canictla pricks the bright star 
in the constellation called also Sirius) : 
the blazing d., flagrans c., Hor.: Ov. 
8. Sirius (v. supr.): Virg.: Tib. 
4, Procyon, dnis, m. (strictly the 
lesser dog-star, canis minor or antecanis, 
eee preceded the rising of canicula): 
or. 

dcg-tooth; dens caninus, Plin.; who 

also, dentes e canibus cognominati. 
dogtooth-grass: dactYlus : Plin. 
dog-wood: cornus, i, f.: v. CORNEL. 
doily: mappa: v. NAPKIN. 

doing (subs.): factum, facinus: v. 
DEED. 

dole (subs.): i.e. a (small) portion 
served out: no exact word: a daily d. 
(of provisions), diurnus cibus or victus ; 
also diurna, neut. plur. (esp. of a slave's 
allowance): v. DAILY: the d. of Food 
taken home from another man’s table, 
sportiila, Juv.: the (paltry) d. of a 
crust or a worthless coin, quadra panis 
ant stips aeris abjccti, Sen.: see also 
4:8, GRANT (subs,). 

Aole out: i.e. to distribute in small 
fortions: parce s. maligne divido, do, 
dispertio, partior: v. STINGILY and TO 
DISTRIBUTE. 

doleful: 1, flebilis, e: d. strains, 
f. modi, Hor.: v. LAMENTABLE, a 
lugubris, e€: v. MOURNFUL, SORROWFUL. 

3. moestus: v. DISCONSOLATE, 
dolefully: moesté, fiébiliter (poet. 
flebile): v. MOURNFULLY, SADLY. 
dolefulness: moestitia, misera et 
flebilis spécies (Cic.), moeror, etc.: v. 
SADNESS, GRIEF. 


DOMINATE 


doll: 1, pupa: to play with ds, 
blandiri in pupis, Hier.: a d. made an 
offering to Venus, Veneri donata p., 
Pers. . (The masc. pupus does not ap- 
pear to be found in this sense.) 
pipilus, Arnob. See also maGr. 

dollar: *thalerus (Germ. reichsthaler 
or riz-dollar): Kr. 

dolorous: moestus, flébilis, ligubris : 
V. MOURNFUL, SAD. 

dolour; ddélor, moeror, luctus: v. 
GRIEF. 

dolphin: delphinus, Cic.; also del- 
phin, inis, m., Ov 

dolt; caudex, icis,m. Join: caudex, 
asinus, plumbeus, Ter.: v. BLOUKHEAD. 

doltish; stultus, stdlidus: v. sruPrD. 

domain: 1, regnum (only to be 
used with reference to a king of some 
kind): in Prusias’s d., in regno Prusiae, 
Nep.: Cic.: were we not here in your d. 
fig.), nisi hic in tuo r. essemus, Cic. 
r. I, 10, 41. 2, ditio, Onis, 7. (entire 
control): v. POWER. Phr.: thed. land, 
ager publicus, Cic. 

dome: |. Any large building : 
“in those d.s where Caesars once held 
sway” (Goldsmith), *in regiis illis 
Caesarum molibus. I]. A vounded 
building : pétisus, thélus: v. CUPOLA. 

domestic (aqj.): J, Belonging to 
the family : 1, démesticus: d. grief, 
d. luctus, Cic.: d. religious ceremonies, 
d. religio, Suet.: d. and public affairs, 
d. et publica, Cic. 2. familiaris, e 
d. cares, curae f., Tac.: in-door d. life, 
interior et f. vita, Suet.: v. FAMILY. 
Phr.: outside the d. circle, extra do- 
mum, Cic.: he shared with him the d. 
circle, quicum domus fuit [et militia] 
communis, Cic.: straitened d. circum~ 
stances, res angusta domi, Juy. ll. 
Internal, as of a kingdom: 1, do- 
mesticus: to defend the city from d. 
plots, urbem a d. insidiis defendere, Cic. 

2, intestinus: v INTERNAL. ll. 
Fond of home life: perh. frigi: (Pe- 
nelope) so d. and so chaste, tam frugi 
tamque pudica, Hor.: *diligens rerum 
domesticarum; quae domi manere po- 
tius quam foras cursitare solet. IV. 
Of animals kept about the farm-house: 
1, villaticus: d. fowl, v. gallinae, 

Varr.: Col.: a d. hound, canis v., Col. : 
Plin. 2. cdhortalis, e (kept in the 
court or farm-yard): d. birds, c. aves, 
Col. 3. démesticus (rare): d. quad- 
rupeds, d. quadrupedes, Cels. (R. and 
A.). 

domestic (svbs.): i. e. a house- 
ern: famiilus, 7. famiila; ancilla: 

. SERVANT, MAID-SERVANT. 

domestically : quod ad domum at- 
tinet: v. DOMESTIC (adj.). 

domesticate (v.): i. e. to accustom 
animals to live with men: assuéficio, 
féci, factum, 3 (in pass. assuesco: with 
some defining words): the bison cannot 
be d.d and tamed, even when caught 
young, uri assuescere ad homines et 
mansuefieri, ne parvi quidem excepti 
possunt, Caes.: Vv. TO ACCUSTOM, TO 
TAME. 

Cote (part. adj.): v. bo- 
MEsTic (ILL, 

domicile: VGantertiam, démus: v. 
ABODE, HOME, 

domiciliary: Phr.: to make d. 
visits of inspection, *visere ac per do- 
mos inspicere incolas. 

dominant (adj.): Phr.: the oli- 
garchy became d., paucorum potentia 
crevit, Sall.: the influence of the senate 
was d., seuatus auctoritas maxima (erat), 
Sall.: the plebeian order became the d. 
one, *plebs potentior facta est; plebi 
potentia in manus venit: the d. party 
in the senate, *qui in senatu auctoritate, 
dignitate, amplitudine (sua) pollebant; 
or simply potentiores. To be d., dém- 
inor, 1: V, TO DOMINATE. 

dominant (subs.): mus. f. t.: 
inans, ntis, m. (sc. sonus). 

do minate : 1, déminor, 1: to d. 
at the bar, in judiciis d., Cic.: to d. over 
one’s own people, d. in suos, Cic.: v. TO 
PREVAIL, 9, regno, I: V. TO REIGN, 
RULE. $8, praevileo, ui, 2: v. To 


*dim- 





DOOR 





PREVAIL. 4, by circuml., plus pos- 
sum, potentior s. superior sum (ago); 
Vv. POWERFUL. 

domination: ddminatio or démina- 
tus, is: Vv. RULE, SWAT 

domineer: 1, in périto, 1 (with 
dat.): cocks d. over their kind, galli 
gallinacei imperitant suo generi, Plin.: 
to d. arrogantly over the vanquished, 
superbe victis imp., Liv. 2. regno, 1 
(a word often used offensively of indi- 
viduals who exerted excessive or uncon- 
stitutioal power): Cic: Li. 4 
(superbe) déminor, 1: v. TO DOMINATE, 

domineering (adj.) : 1. impé- 
Tidsus: a most d, and haughty family, 
familia imperivsissima et superbissima, 
Liv. 2, stperbus, arrégans: v. 
HAUGHTY, ARROGANT. Phr.: to behave 
in a d, manner, *imperiose, superbe at- 
que arroganter se gerere: V. HAUGHTILY, 


dominical: (in the Calendar) dé- 
minicus, Aug. (in diff. sense). 
dominican: //Ominicinus, mona- 


chus ex ordine Dominicanorum (Kr.) 

dominie: magister, paedagdgus: v. 
SCHOOLMASTER. 

dominion : |, Sovereign power : 
ditio, impérium, pdtestas: v. AUTHO- 
RITY, POWER. ||. In plur., the regions 
ruled over: 1, impérium: the e- 
tension of the boundaries of the ds (of 
Rome), finium imperii propagatio, Cic.: 
Vv. EMPIRE. 2. regnum: the ds of 
Jugurtha and Bocchus, Jugurthae Boc- 
chique r., Sall.: poet. often pl, Hor.: 
Virg. 8. expr. by verb: the quon- 
dam as of fierce Lycurgus, (terra) acri 
quondam regnata Lycurgo, Virg. 

don: i. e. a person of importance: 
homo podtens, nobilis: v. GRANDEE, 


donation: 1. donatio, ddnum; 
Vv. GIFT. 2. stips, stipis, f.: v. 
ALMS; 

donative: 1. donativum (given by 


emperors to their soldiers): Suet.: Tac. 
2. congiarium (also used of other 

presents: strictly, a present of a con- 
gius apiece; hence esp. of presents in 
kind): Liv.: Quint. 

done (part. of To po): Phr.: no 
sooner said than d., dictum factum, 
Ter.: the dowry is ten talents :—done, 
dos est decem talenta:—accipio, Ter. 
with emphasis, en dextram (R. and 
A.): well done euge! macte virtute! 
(Vv. WELL): have d. with fear, omitte 
a Cic.: ah! have d., ab! desine! 

er. 

donjon:; *locus intra arcem munitis- 
simus. 

donor: 1, donator, f. donatrix, 
Sen.: Paul. Dig. 2, *auctor muneris 
s. beneficii. 8. expr. by do, dino: to 
be grateful to the d., *eum qui dedit 
gratibus persequi: the d. and receiver 
are alike honoured, *danti accipientique 
aequus honos. 

doodle (vulg.): stultus: 
TON. 

doom (subs.): fatum, exitium, ex- 
itus: v.FATE. Phr.: till the crack of d., 
*usque ad fatalem illam mundi ruinam; 
donec fractus collabetur orbis. 

doom (v.): damno, condemno, 1: Y. 
TO CONDEMN. 

doomed (part. adj.): 1, fatalis, 
e@: V. FATED, DESTINED. Q, débitus : 
d. to dre, fatis debitus, Virg. Simly, 
we are d. to die, debemur morti, Hor, 
Phr.: d. to die, moriturus, Hor.: so t 
was d. to be, sic placitum (diis), Virg. 

doomsday-book: ‘liber censualis 
regni Anglici a Gulielmo primo con- 
fectus (R. and A ). 

door: 1, janua (esp. the front d 
of a house): to fasten the d. with a bolt 
januae pessulum obdere, Ter.: with the 
bar, anuam obserare, Ter.: to unbolt a 
d., }. reserare, Ov.. to inquire for any 
one at the d., quaerere aliquem a j., Cic. : 
to refuse admittance by the d., janud 
prohibere, Sall. Fig.: the d. of the 
mind, animi j., Cic.: J have entered on 
the cause by a d. by which I wished not, 
qua nolui janua sum ingressus in causam, 
Cic. 2. fodris, is; usu. pl. 7. (the 
door or leaf of a door itself, whereas 

229 


Vv. SIMPLE- 


DOORKEEPER 


janua is the entire doorway- the door- 
way of any building or chamber of con- 
sequence consisted of fiwo leaves). the 
d. creaked (prior to the exit of some 
person), crepuerunt fores, Ter. (also 
crepuit foris, of one leaf, PL) the key 
ts in the d., foribus inest clavis, l'ib.: 
he had shut the d. of his bed-vvum, claus- 
erat forem (also fores, Suet.) cubiculi, 
Cic. Fig.: the d. to an art, fores artis, 
Plin. 8. ostium (esp. of internal 
doorways in houses; but also in gen. 
sense): to knock at the d., 0. pultare, 
Ter.: Pl.: to shut ad., o. operire, Ter. : 
to bar it, o. obserare, ler. to boli it, 
ostio pessulum obdere, Ter.: to b:ealc 
open a d., 0. effringere, Ulp : the front 
d., o. anticum, Fest.: the back-d., 0. 
posticum (also simply posticum as 
subs.), Pl.: Hor. 4, valvae, arum 
(folding doors esp. of temples or other 
magnificent buildings): more magnifi- 
vent (folding) doors never existed, v. 
magnificentiores nunquam fuisse, Cic. : 
tvory d.s, v. eburnae, Ov.: folding-d.s 
uth two laps, v. bitores, Ov. Phr.- in 
d.s and out of d.s, domi (intus) et foris, 
PL: Cic.: to turn any one out of d.s, 
extrudere aliquem foras (the latter form 
implying motion towards), Ter.- there’s 
the d. (turning a person out), exeundum 
hine foras, Pl.. to turn out of ds (be- 
yond the threshold), eliminare, Pac. : 
Pompon.: to turn a son out of d.s (dis- 
own him), abdicare filium. Plin.- & be 
at the d. (close at hand), subesse, im- 
pendére, imminére (v. TO IMPEND, BE 
NEAR): the blame does not lie at his d., 
is quidem in culpa non est [culpae af- 
finis non est], Ter.: from d. to d., osti- 
atim, Cic. Fig.. to openad. to wick- 
edness, fenestram aperire ad nequitiam, 
‘Ter.: Suet. See also GaTE. 

doorkeeper: 1, janitor, /. jani- 
trix: Pl.: Cic.: applied to Cerberus, 
Hor. Q, ostiarius, Varr.: Suet. 

door-post: postis, is, f. (poet. often 
ased in pl. for the door or gateway it- 
self): Virg.. Vitr. 

door-sill; limen (inferum) : 
THRESHOLD. 

door-tax; exactio ostiorum, Cic. ; 
ostiarium, Caes. 

door-way ; janua, ostium. v. Door. 
Phr.: in the d.,in limine v. THRESH- 
OLD. 

doric ; Doricus, Virg.: Quint. Phr. : 
to speak D., Dorice loqui, Suet. 

dormant: 1, réses, idis (lying 
inactive): d. feelings, resides animi 
Hace corda], Virg.: tuning the d. 

ng unplayed) strings, r. modulatus 
nervos, Claud.: v. INACTIVE. 2). 
perh. mortuus: d@. (obsolete) laws, m. 
leges, Cic. 3, sépultus (hidden and 
unused): d. virtue, s, virtus, Hor. 
Phr.: to lie d., jacére: justice lies d., 
jacet justitia, Cic.: thine art. O Tiphys, 
ts d., ars tua, Tiphy, jacet, Ov. Trist. 4, 
3, 773 Where vacat occurs in similar 
sense. 

dormitory: cibictilum, dormitér- 
ium: v. BED-CHAMBER. 

dormouse: glis, gliris, m., Varr.: 

in 


Vv. 


dorsal: dorsnalis, e, Apul. 

dose (swbs.) : no exact word. Phr.: 
the largest d. of hellebove should be given 
to misers, danda est heuebori multo pars 
maxima avaris, Hor.: a sufficient d. 
will be a piece of the sizeof a bean, quod 
fabae magnitudinem impleat satis est, 
Cels.: simly, satis est devorasse, abunde 
est sumpsisse (the quantity being men- 
tioned), Cels.: in less precise use, to 
take a d. of hemlock, cicutam haurire, 
devorare, sumere: V. MEDICINE: to give 
a person a second d. of poison. aliquem 
toxico repetere, Suet. 

dose (v.): i.e. to give a number of 
doses: Phr.: I have been bled and 
d.d enough, *abunde (satis) mihi sanguis 
missus, medicamenta sumpta. 

dot (subs.): punctum: v. POINT, SPOT. 

dot (v.): *punctum addo, impdno, 
superpono, 

dotuse: 


DOUBLE-LOCK 





stultitia quae d. appellari solet, Cic 


2. sénium (old age as implying 
decay): yv. OLB-AGE, Phr.- & 
d., d@lirus, Cic. to be i one’s d., de- 
lirare (with some word in the context 
to determine that the folly of age is 
referred to) an old man in his d.,senex 
delirans, Ter. 

dotal: dotalis, e¢, Cic. 

dotard: senex délirus, Cic. 

dote upon: déimo, dépéreo, etc. v. 
TO LOVE. 

doting (adj.): délirus, Cic. 

dotingly: with fo love, misere, per- 
dite amare: ¥. TO LOVE, 

dotted ( part. adj.): distinctus (esp. 
of the sky, with stars): v. STUDDED. 

double (aqj.): |, Tvofold: 1, 
duplex, icis: to fortify a place with a 
d, vall, locum d. muro munire, Caes. : d. 
leaves (i.e. divided), d. folia, Plin. 2, 
anceps, cipitis (lit. two-headed): d. 
lines (facing in two directions), a. mu- 
nimenta, Liv.: v. TWOFOLD. 3. Bé- 
minus (of things which naturally pair) : 
the gates of sleep are d., sunt. g. somni 
portae, Virg.. out of a single match to 
make a d. one, ex unis geminas confic- 
ere nuptias, Ter.: v. TWo. Phr.: to 
see d., quae sint singula bina videre, 
Ov.: a d. victory, victoria geminata, 
Liv. i]. 4s much again: 1. du- 
plus: d. money, d. pecunia, Liv. Esp. 
in neut. as subs.: to become liable to 
d. penalty, in duplum ire, dupli poenam 
subire, Cic. 9. duplex, icis: d. pay, 
d. stipendium, Caes.: d. allowance of 
corn, d. frumentum, Liv. Phr.: a 
soldier who receives d. pay. duplicarius, 
Liv.; duplaris, Veg.; duplarius, Inscr. 

Ul. Ambiguous: v. DECEITFUL, 

AMBIGUOUS. Phr.: ad. sense: ambig- 
uitas verbi, Liv. 

double (subs.): 
preced. art. (IL., 1). 
dupla, Varr. 


1, duplum: v. 
2, @f a price): 


double (v.): A. Trans.: I. 
To make twice as great: 1, duplico, 
1: tod. the number, d. numerum, Caes. 

2. gémino, 1 (chiefly poet.): to d. 
eg twice) ten years, decem g. annos, 

v.: to d. the aiarm, terrorem g., Flor. 

||. Zo fold up: plico, replico, du- 
plico, 1: v. TO FOLD. II]. Zo go round 
a promontory. 1, flecto, xi, xum, 3: 
to d. Cape Leucate, Leucaten f., Cic. 
2. siipéro, 1: to d. a cape, promont- 
orium s., Tac. (N.B. Not in this sense 
circumvehor, which is to sail all rownd.) 
B. Intrans.: |. Zo increase 
twofold: use verbs under (A, I) with 
pron. refl., or as reflect. pass.: anxieties 
d., duplicantur sollicitudines, Cic.: the 
capital d.s in a short time, *brevi dupli- 
cat se caput (pecunia). I]. 7b run 
backwards and forwards: Phr.: he 
d.d about, being a stranger and unac- 
customed (to the country), ut peregrinus 
et insuetus, maeandros faciebat et gyros, 
Amm. : v. DOUBLING (subs.) 
double-barrelled: ad. gun, *sclo- 
petum duobus tubis instructum. 
double-dealer: simulator ac dis- 
simulator, Sal. (homo) duplex (poet.), 
Hor. : v. DECEITFUL, DOUBLE-TONGUED. 
double-dealing (swbs.): fraus, fal- 
lacia (esp. in words): v. DECEIT. 
double-dealing (adj.): versiitus, 
varius, duplex (poet.): v. DECEITFUL. 
double-dyed: bis tinctus, Hor 
ig.: ad. villain, homo nequissimus, 
*omni scelere ac flugitio imbutus: homo 
flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus, 
Sall. : or the abst. subs. flagitium, scelus, 
may be used: see L. G. §§ 592, 610: v. 
VILLAIN, SCOUNDREL. 
double-edged ; v. Two EDGED. 


double-entendre : ambiguitas 
verbi, Liv. (including any kind of 
double meaning). 

double-faced: |. With two faces: 
bifrons, ntis; Virg. — |, Deceitful: v. 
DECEITFUL. 


& double-headed: biceps, cipitis - 
LC. 


double-lock (v.): Phr. d. the 


1, deliratio: that silliness | door, occlude fores ambubus pessu- 


of old age which is called d., illa senilis © lis, Pl 


230 


in one’s | 





DOUBTFULLY 





doubie-meaning (swbs.): ambigur 
tas. v. AMBIGUITY. 

double-minded: perh. miatabilis, 
inconstans (V. FICKLE): dupiex animo, 
Vulg. 

double-quick: citatissimo agmine: 

iv. 

double-tongued: bilinguis, e: 
both lit. (Hor.) and tig. (Virg.) sense. 

double-tooth: dens duplex: Plin. 

doublet: perh. thdrax, lorica: v. 
BREAST-PLATE, 


in 


_ doubling (subs.): |, The act of 
increasing two-fold : 1. duplicatio: 
Sen. 2. géminatio: Quint. tl, 


The act of running backwards and for- 
wards; usu. pl.: 1, maeandros, i: 
what d.s did you not make, quos m. 
({fiexionesque) quaesisti! Cic. in Pis. 22. 
53. 2. flexio: Cic. (v. supr.). 
doubly: 1, dupliciter: Z was d. 
(on two accounts) deliyhted with your 
letter, d. delectatus sum literis tuis, Cic. 
2. bis (in certain connexions unly): 
you are d. mistaken, bis talleris, Cic. 
Phr.: we have need to be d. cautious, eo 
magis cauto opus est, Cic. 
doubt (v.): 1, diibito, 1 (with 
acc. ot neut. pron. only): ts it not dis- 
graceful to d. these things? haec nor 
turpe est d.? Cic.: J d. what to think, 
dubito quid sentiam, Cic.: with acc. and 
inf.: I d. not that there will be many, 
non dubito multos fore, Nep.: after a 
negative sentence foll. by quin: do not d. 
that I will support you, noli d. quin te 
sublevaturus sim, Cic. When in Eng. to 
doubt is foll. by a direct object, in Lat. de 
may be used: tod. any one’s good will, 
de alicujus voluntate d.,Cic.: so in pass., 
the authorship cannot be d.’d, de auctore 
dubitari non potest, Quint. 2. sub- 
diibito, 1 (to d. a Little, have some slight 
d. about : same constr. as preced.): Cic. 
3. pendeo, pépendi, 2 (with animi. 
animo; or of several persons, animis; 
a be in a state of anxious suspense): 
ic. 
doubt (subs.): 1, dtbitatio (as a 
state of the mind): without any d., sine 
ulla d., Cic.: d. respecting the arrival of 
the legions, d. adventus legionum, Caes, 
Very often better expr. by verb: J have 
no d., non dubito (quin); there can be 
no d., dubitari non potest, etc.: v. TO 
pousT.  Q, (objectively) neut. of di- 
bius: without d., sine dubio, Cic.: there 
ts no d. that, non d. est quin, Ter.: v 
DOUBTFUL. 3. scriipiilus (a cause of 
doubt or hesitation): some d. was occa- 
stoned in men's minds, injectus est 
hominibus s. [et dubitatio quaedam). 
Cic.: v. ptrFicuLTy (Il. 5). Phr.: fo 
keep a thing in d., aliquid in ambiguo 
servare, Hor. : v. UNCERTAINTY. 
doubter: qui dubitat; or in ali 
cases except the nom. sing., pres. part. of 
dubito: v. L. G. § 638. 
doubtful: |. Insubjective sense ; 
feeling doubt: 1, dibius: I am da. 
what to do, da. sum quid faciam, Hor. 
(more Ciceron., dubium mibi est, ete.): 
d. of safety, d. salutis, Ov.: Liv. Ms 
incertus: v. UNDECIDED. Phr.: to be 
d., dubitare, animi pendere: v. TO DOUBT. 
I]. Objectively ; occasioning doubt; 
1, diibius: a d. victory, d. victoria, 
Caes.: it is d. which of us twots...., 
dubium (est) uter nostrum sit ...., Cie. 
Join: dubium atque incertum, Cic.; 
dubium controversumque, Cic. DA 
incertus : V. UNCERTAIN. 3, ambiguus 
(esp. of words or facts admitting a two- 
fold explanation): of d. disposition 
(whether likely to be good or bad), ame 
bigui ingenii, Plin.: d. offspring, a 
proles, Virg.: to leave d., in ambiguo 
relinquere, Liv. 4. anceps, cipitis 
(lit. two-headed; hence, having two 
aspects or issues): a d. point of law, jus 
a. Hor.: to fight a battle of d. issue, 
ancipiti Marte pugnare, Liv.. d. fidelity, 
a. fides, Curt. Phr.. to leave a matter 
d., in medio relinquere . v, UNDECIDED. 
doubtfully: 1, dabié (only in 
objective sense): Cic. Q. diibitanter 
(hesitatingly) : Cie. 8. ambigué v 
AMBIGUOUSLY. Phr.: to speal d., hae 


DOUBTINGLY 


DOWNY 


a SUE UEEEIE SES 


sitare, Cic. (v. TO HESITATE, FALTER): 
to answer somewhat d., *non sine qua- 
dam dubitatione respondere ; quasi sub- 
dubitantem respondere. 
doubtingly ; dibitanter : Cic. 
doubtless: sine diibio, haud dibie, 
niniirum : v. UNDOUBTEDLY, (of ) COURSE. 
douceur: 1. minus, minuscilum: 
Vv. PRESENT. 2. corollarium (some 
present over and above what was to be 
expected): to add this d., hoc c, num- 
morum addere, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50, 118: 
Suet.: v. FEE. 
dough; farina ex aqua subacta, Plin. 
(Quich.). From the context massa 
(hardly farina, as Kr.) may suffice, being 
originally = Gr. paca. 
doughy: *farinae subactae similis. 
doughty: strenuus, armipotens: v. 
BRAVE, WARLIKE. 
dove: célumba, Cic. : Hor.: columbus 
is also found, esp. of the male, Hor.: 
Col. As term of endearment, my dove ! 
mea columba! Pl. Dimin. cdlumbilus, 
Cat. Young d.s, columbarii pulli, Cic. : 
as d.s do, columbatim, Anthol. 
dove-coloured: cSlumbinus: Plin. 
dove-cot: 1, cdlumbarium: Col. 
92. columbarum cella: Col. 
dove-tail (swbs.) : term in carpentry : 
1, séciricila (of the shape of a 
small hatchet let in): Vitr. 2, sub- 
scus, cudis, f. (double, and let in on both 
sides: whereas the securicula was 
single) : Vitr. 
ove-tail (v.): |. Lit. (v. preced. 
art.): securicula, subscude compingo, 
pégi, pactum, 3: Vitr. (|. Fig.: to 
work one into the other, fit in: Phr.: 
how wondrously these facts d. into each 
other, *ut haec inter se quasi fabrorum 
securiculis ac subscudibus compactae 
congruunt atque aptantur; or less ex- 
actly, *quam mirabilem in modum haec 
inter se omnibus partibus cohaerent. 
dove-tailed: séciiricilatus, Vitr. 
In fig. sense, introduce the figure by 
quasi, *ut ex fabrorum officina meta- 
phoram petamus, arcessamus. 
dowager : *vidua dotata; or simply 
vidua, when the context explains: v. 
WIbow. 
dowdy (adj.): *mulier vestitu ha- 
bituque vasta s. invenusta. 
dower or dowry : dos, dotis, f.: to 
settle a d. on one’s daughter, filiae d. 
conficere, Cic.: to promise a d., d. dicere, 
Cic.: Ulp.: also d. promittere (/orm- 
ally), Ulp.: to give a d.,d. dare, Nep.: 
to receive anything as a d., aliquid in 
dotem accipere, Ov.: twenty talents d., 
viginti talenta dotis, Pl.: to repay a d.., 
d. reddere: the d. reverts to the father, 
d.ad patrem revertitur, Ulp. Having a 
d., dotata, Cic.: Hor.: pertaining to a 
~ forming part of a d., dotalis, e: PL: 


Ce 
dower (v.): doto, 1: Virg. (see also 


subs.). 

dowered (part. adj.): dotata: Hor-: 
Cic. Fig.: d. with beauty, d. forma, 
Ov.: Vv. ENDOWED. 

dowerless: indotata: ‘ler.: Hor. 

down (subs.): |. Soft feathers, 
or a like substance : 1, pluma: to 
sleep on d., in pluma dormire, Mart. : 
(soft) d., mollis pl., Virg (for pluma 
includes the whole of the plumage). 

Q. lanigo, inis, f. (d.-like hair): to 

mark the cheeks with dubious d., dubia 
signare 1. malas, Ov.: fruit white with 
soft d., cana tenera L mala, Virg. 3. 
lana (strictly wool: rare in this sense) : 
the inner d. of the swan (softest d.), 
interior cygni l., Mart. 4, (of thistles, 
etc.) pappus: Plin. = |J, A low hill: 
tiimilus: v. HILL, RISING-GROUND. 

down (prep.): dé (with abl.): to 
throw oneself d. a mountain, de monte 
se praecipitare, Lucr.: to throw oneself 
d. from a wall, de muro se dejicere, 
Caes. Phr.: d. the stream, secundo 
flumine, Caes.: d. the Tiber, secundo 
Tiberi, Liv.: also, prono amni (poet.): 
Virg.: to tumble d. stairs, *scalis de- 
volvi: he throws him d. the steps, eum 
per gradus deficit, Liv.: to go d. hill, 
per pronum ire, Sen.; or simply de- 








scendere; v. TO GO DOWN, and DOWN- 
HILL. 

down (adv.): himi: v. (on the) 
GRouND. Usu. however this particle 
being attached to verbs isin Lat. expr. 
by a prep. in composition: as, to flow 
d., defiuo; to run d., decurro; to god., 
descendo; to glide d., delabor, etc. 5 
where see the several verbs. Phr.: d. 
in Hades, apud inferos, Cic.; sub Orco, 
Hor. : lower d. (of writing), infra, in- 
ferius (v. BELOW)- d. with...! perh. 
tollite! (v. AWAY WITH) to pay money 
d., repraesentare pecuniam, Suet. (v. 
READY MONEY): to turn everything up- 
side d., ima summis mutare, Hor. (v. 
UPSIDE): to run up and d., sursum 
deorsum cursitare, Ter.: to hit a man 
when he is d., *jacentem ferire, plagis 
afficere: to be d. in the world (fig.), 
jacére, Cic. 

down-cast (part. and adj.): J. 
Lit.: jized on the ground; 1, de- 
jectus: d. eyes, d. in terram oculi, 
Curt.: with d. eyes, dejectus oculos, 
Virg.: Ov. Q. démissus: with d. 
head, capite demisso, Cic.: d. face, d. os, 
Ov.: uith a. looks (of a woman), de- 
missa vultum, Virg. 8. projectus: a 
d. countenance, p. vultus, ‘Tac. ll. 
Fig.: in low spirits: 1, démissus: 
to cheer the d. mind, erigere animum d. 
{et oppressnm], Cic.: v. CREST-FALLEN. 

9. afflictus (prostrated by some 

blow): Join: (aegriiudine) afflictus, 
debilitatus, jacens, Cic.: afflictus et 
fractus (animus), Cic. 3, moestus, 
moerens: V. DISCONSOLATE, SAD. Fhr.: 
to be d., jacére, Cic. 

downfall: 1, occasus, tis: the d. 
and destruction of the stale, o. inter- 
itusque reipublicae, Cic.: the d, of Ti oy, 
o. Trojae, Virg. 9. casus, us: v. 
FALL. 3. ruina (a sudden, violent 
d.): Vv. RUIN, FALL. 4, exitium, ex- 
Itus: V. DESTRUCTION, END. 

down-hearted: demisso, 
animo: Vv. DUWNCAST. 

down-hill (adj): 1, declivis, e~ 
V. SLOPING. & proclivis, e: v. DOWN- 
WARD (adj.). 3, pronus: ¢he last 
part of the road is d., ultima via p. est, 
Ov.: Liv. Phr.: pleasure is d. work, 
in voluptates descenditur, Sen. Ep. 123, 


14. 

down-hill (adv.): expr. by adj. 
under preced. art.: to pull up horses gal- 
loping d., in declivi loco incitatos equos 
sustinere, Caes.: v. DOWN ( prep.) 

down-right (adj.): |, Explicit, 
to the point: direcius, sincérus: v. 
STRAIGHTFORWARD, SINCERE. |], Sheer, 
unquestionable: 1, mérus (unmixed) : 
this is d. venom (calumny), haec est m. 
loligo, Hor.: d. Sullas, m. Sullae, Cic. : 
d. prodigies, m. prodigia, Cic. a) 
germanus: J know I was a @. ass, scio 
me asinum g. fuisse, Cic. 3. expr. 
by adv. prorsus, plane, vero: not to do 
this is d. negligence or laziness, *quod 
non facere prorsus negligentis aut pigri 
est: V. ALTOGETHER. 

downright (adv.): — J, In plain 
terms, explicitly: aperté, sincére, ab- 
scissé, sine fuco et fallaciis: v. STRAIGHT- 
FORWARDLY, BLUNTLY. I]. Posttively, 
completely : 1, prorsus: J am d. 
done for, p. perii, Pl.: Cic.: v. aALTo- 
GETHER. 2. plané: J was d. hurt, 
illud plane moleste tuli, Cic.: to be d. 
wanting in common good-sense, plane 


fracto 


sensu communi carere, Hor. 
downward (24j.): 1. proclivis, 
e: a d. road, p. via, Liv. Fig. a d. 


and easy course, p. cursus et facilis, Cic. 
9. déclivis, e: Vv. SLOPING. 3 
pronus: v. DOWNHILL (adj.). 
downwards: 1. déorsum (some- 
times used as disyll.): to be carried 
straight d., directo d. ferri, Cic.: up- 
ward and d., sursum ac d., Sen. OF 
pronus (cf. L. G. § 343), per pronum 
(where the direction is down an in- 
cline): V. DOWN-HILL. 


downy: 1, pliimeus: a d. couch, 
torus p., Ov.: a d. pillow, culcita p., 
Cie. Q. pliimosus (covered with d.): 


d. leaves, p. folia, Plin. 8, lanatus 


DRAG ON 








(covered with a kind of wool): d. apples 
| 1. mala, Plin.: Col. 4, lanigindsus 
(like preced.): Plin. 5, laneus (in 
same sense): Plin. 
dowry ; dos, dotis, f.: v. DOWER. 
doze: 1. dormito, 1: when J had 
supped and was just d.-ing, coenato 


mibi et jam dormitanti, etc., Cic. 2. 
oscito, 1 (with mouth wide open): Cic. 
Dozing : sémisomnus: Cic. 

dozen: duddécim, duddéni:  y. 
TWELVE. 

doziness: somndlentia: v. SLEEPI- 
NESS. 

dozy: 1, somniciilésus: a d. old 


age, s. senectus, Cic. 

V. SLEEPY. 

ASLEEP) : Cic. 
drab (subs.): scortum, femina im- 


pura. 

drab (adj.): perb. cinéreus, cinér- 
aceus (ashen-hued): Plin. 

drachm: dracbma: nsed both as a 
coin (Ter.: Cic.) and a weight (Plin.). 


2 somndélentus: 
8. sémisomnus (HALF- 


draff; faex, quisquiliae: v. RErUsE 
(subs.). 
draft: v. DRAUGHT. (Foradrafton 


a banker, ¥. CHEQUE.) 
drag (subs.)- |. A clod-breaking 
machine: traha, trahéa; rastrum: vy. 
HARROW. Il. A light vehicle: perh. 
rhéda or pétorritum: v. CARRIAGE, 
IW. A grappling-instrument: bar- 
pago, uncus;: V. GRAPPLING-IRON, HOOK. 
V. For slackening the speed of a 





ey taedium afferat: v. TO DRAG 


virgo, Virg.: v. TO DRAG (1. fin.). * 
tracto, 1 (freq. of traho: hence to d. 


fandi facinoris pr., Liv. 3. proripio, 
3: he orders the man to be d.’d forth, 


vehicle: sufflamen, inis, m.: v. BREAK, 
VY. Anything which retards: Phr.: 
to bea d. upon any one, tardare, retard- 
are: Vv. TO RETARD. 
drag (.): |. Trans.: ih 
traho, xi, ctum, 3 (in most senses of the 
Eng.): oxen d. wains, boves plaustra 
tr., Virg.: to d. Hector round Troy, 
Hectora circum Pergama tr., Ov.: to d. 
any one before the praetor, aliquem ad 
raetorem tr., PL: ding his weary 
imbs along, aegra genua trabens, Virg. 
2. rapio, pui, ptum, 3 (with sud- 
denness or violence): to d.a person into 
court, aliquem r. in jus, Hor. ; into pri- 
son, in carcerem, Suet. See also foll. 
art. Ij. Intrans.: to hang to the 
ground; to become tedious: Phr.: to 
prevent their tails d.ing, *ne iis caudae 
humi trahantur: letting his robe d. in 
the dust, pulveream trahens pallam, 
Ov.: the story d.s toward the end, *ex- 
trema historia longius ducitur, ita ut 


ow (11.) 

— about, or along: 1. traho, 
3: there the virgin daughter of Priam 
was d.’d along, trahebatur Priameia 

2 


about or along with violence): she was 
d.’d along by the hair, tractata est comis, 
Ov. 3, rapto, 1 (to drag violently 
about): Hector d.’d alony by the car, 
Hector raptatus bigis, Virg. 

away: abstraho, abripio, 3: v. 
TO TEAR AWAY, HURRY AWAY. 

— down: détriho, 3: to d. any 
one down from a chariot, aliquem de 
curru d., Cic.: v. TO DRAW OFF. 

— forth, or out: 1. extriho, 
3: tod. a net out of the water, rete ex 
aqua ex., Pl.: to d. a person out of a 
hiding-place, aliquem e latebra ex., 
Suet. Fig.: tod. forth crimes to light, 
scelera [ex occultis tenebris}] in lucem 
ex., Liv. 2. protriho, 3: to d.a 
man forth by the hair, aliquem capillo 
pr., Pl. Fig.: tod. forth the perpetrator 


of an abominable crime, auctorem ne- 


hominem proripi jubet, Cic. 

— on: |. Trans.: in fig. sense- 
Phr.: to d. on life, vitam trahere, 
Virg.: to d. on an existence more bur- 
densome than death, morte graviorem 
vitam exigere, Sall. jj. Intrans.: 
also fig., to be prolonged tediously, tra- 
hor, 3: the affair d.’d on more slowly 
than had been expected, res lentius spe 
trahebatur, Liv.; so, mora qua bellum 
trahebatur, Liv. 

231 


DRAGANT 


DRAW 





dragant: agum: tragicantha, Plin. ; 
also -um, Cels.; dragantum, Veg. 

draggle: v. To prac. 

draggle-tailed: perh. discinctus. 

drag-net: 1, tragiila: Plin. 2. 
éverricilum, Varr.: Cic. (fig.). 3. 
verrictilum, Val. Max. (Funda is @ 
casting-net.) 

dragoman: 1, (°) interpres, étis, 
m.: V. INTERPRETER. Q. perh. *dra- 
gomannus (quem dicunt). 

dragon: |, A monster so called : 
draco, Onis (rarely ontis), m.: Cic.: @ 
shee-d., dracaena, Prisc.: Don.: Vv. SER- 


PENT. Il. Zhe constellation : 1B 
draco: poet. in Cic. 2. anguis, is, 
m.: Cic. 3, serpens, ntis: Ov. 


dragoon (subs.): i. e. a soldier who 
fights either on horse or on foot: perb. 
dimiacha (“ quos dimachas appellant .. - 
equis vehebantur; cum res locusque 
posceret, pedestris acies erat,’’ Curt. 5, 
13, ad intt.). 
dragoon (v.): *militibus immissis 
vexare; militibus homines praedandos 
omnique modo vexandos permittere. 
drain (subs.): 1, cléaca: v. SEWER. 
9, fossa incilis (for drawing off 
water from lands): to keep d.s cleaned 
out, fossas inc. puras habere, Cato: Col. 
The neut. form also occurs as subs.: to 
open d.s, incilia aperire, Cato: to make 
a @.,incile ducere, Ulp. 8. colliciae 
or colliquiae, arum: to draw off water 
into a d., humorem in colliquias deriv- 
are, Col. 4, Glices, um, m. (= sulci 
aquarii, Col. 2, 8: these appear to be 
channels not closed at the top): Col.: 
Fest. 5, fossa (where the context 
would prevent ambiguity): v. DITCH. 
drain (v.): |. To draw off the 
water from land : 1, siceo, 1: to d. 
marshes, paludes s., Cic. 9. incilibus 
ductis humorem ex agris derivare: v. 
preced. art.: paludis collectum humorem 
deducere, Virg.G.1,114. |, Zo drink 
eff atadraught: 1, haurio, si, stum, 
4: to d. the foaming bowl, spumantem 
pateram h., Virg. 9. exhaurio, 4: to 
d. a cup, poculum ex., Cic. Fig.: tod. 
the treasury, aerarium ex., Cic.: to d. the 
cup of wretchedness to the dregs, *mise- 
rias ex. (Liv. hasex.labores, 21,21). 3. 
exsicco, 1: flagons d.’d dry, lagenae 
exsiccatae, Q. Cic.: to d. golden goblets 


of wine, aureis ex. vina culullis, Hor. | 


4, @bibo, 3: v. TO DRINK. 

drainage: *humoris deérivatio: v. 
ro DRAIN. Phr.: to look after the d. of 
@ field, *aquae ex agro derivandae in- 
cumbere ; restagnantem paludem deriv- 
are, ef. Col. 12, 17, fin. (Deductio aquae, 
as in Cic. Div. 1, 44, 100, is the letting 
off of water from a reservoir or stream.) 

drake; mas 4nas, atis: v. DUCK. 
Phr.: to play ducks and d.s, testas 


super undas irrotare, Min. Fel.: to play | 


ducks and d.s with one’s money, *summa 
jubidine divitias profundere ; pecuniam 
trahere, vexare, cf. Sall. Cat, 20: v. TO 
SQUANDER. 

dram: i.e. a small draught, esp. of 
spirits: perh. cyathus (the small vessel 
used to fill drinking cups): cf. Hor. Od. 
3, 19, 20- 

dram-drinker: potor, potator, /. 
potrix: i. e. an habitual drinker: v. 


DRINKER. ; 
drama: |. A(single) play: _ 1, 
fabila: v. PLAY. 9. drama, Atis, 


m.: Auson. (best confined to technical 
use). I]. Zhe drama: scéna (strictly, 
the scene): Orestes oft treated in the d., 
scenis agitatus Orestes, Virg.: worthy 
of the d., scena [et pulpito] dignus, Plin. 
Ep.: to be devoted to the d., circa scenam 
versari, Suet.: v. STAGE. 9. fabiilae, 
arum: a ‘people fond of the d., *fabulis 
spectandis gens dedita. Phr.: the tragic 
or comic d., tragoedia, cOmoedia: vy. 
TRAGEDY, COMEDY. 

dramatic: 1, dramiticus, Diom. 
(only as ¢. t.) 9, scénicus : d. actors, 
s. actores, Quint.; s. artifices, Cic. 
Phr.: to give a d. account of a thing, 
aliquid ob oculos narrando proponere, 
haud aliter ac si agatur, based on Cic.: 
to be a distinguished d. poet, in scena 

232 


florere, Gell.: d. representations, fabu.ae 
(spectandae): Vv. PLAY. 
dramatically; scénicé: if in less 

‘| exact sense, velut scenice, Quint. 6. 1, 
38. 

dramatist: poeta scénicus, Varr. 
But from the context, poeta is usually 
enough, cf. Ter. prol. Andr. Phir: 
Wordsworth was a great poet, but not a 
d., *magnus erat poeta Wordsworthius, 
minime autem in scena (tragoedia) flor- 
uit: the greatest d.s, *qui prae aliis in 
scena eluxere. 

dramatize: Phr.: to d. a story, 
fabulam ad scenam componere, Quint. 

drape: 1, amicio, cui, ctum, 4: 
cf. Suet. Cal. 22: simulacrum .. . ami- 
ciebatur quotidie veste, quali ipse ute- 
retur. 9. vélo, 1: a dd statue (of 
Venus), velata specie Venus, Plin.: the 
Greek custom was not to d. (statues) at 
all, Graeca res nihil velare, Plin.: 
statues d.d or nude, *statuae velatae aut 
nudae. 3. induo, i, itum, 3 (with 
abl. of the particular article of dress) : 
statues d.d in cloaks, paenulis indutae 
effigies, Plin. Phr.: a d.d statue (of a 
Roman), togata effigies, Plin.; with the 
under garment only, tunicatus, Plin. 

draper: perb. linteo, Onis: cf. Pl. 
Aul. 3, 5, 38; from which passage it 
appears that the draper’s business was 
greatly subdivided. 

drapery: esp. of statues: 1 
Amictus, us (the proper word to denote 
clothing thrown over the person, outer 
clothing): V. DRESS. 2, velamentum 
or vélamen, inis, ”. (often pl.): ef. Ov. 
A. A. 2, 613. Phr.: to be skilful in 
his d.s (of a sculptor), *vestes scite ex- 
primere; vestium sinus rugasque scite 
imitari. 

draught (subs.): |. The action 
of drawing ; esp. of cattle: Phr.: d.- 
cattle, jumenta jugalia, Curt.: a horse 
fitter for d. than for riding, *equus 
vehiculo trahendo quam equiti vehendo 
aptior. |, Zhe act of drinking; the 
quantity drunk at once: 1, baustus, 
us: a d. of water, h. aquae, Ov.: ds 
from the Pindarie spring, Pindarici 
fontis h., Hor. 9. pociilum (strictly, 
the drinking vessel: in this sense mostly 
poet.): ds of the Acheléus (water), p. 
Acheloia, Virg.: @ love d. (philtre), 
amoris p., Hor. 3, potus, Us (both 
the act of drinking and the d.): to swal- 
low at one d., uno p. haurire, Plin.: a d. 
of milk, p. lactis, Plin.: Cels. 4. 
potio (like potus): Pl.: Cic. Ill. 
Contents of a fishing-net when drawn 
out of the water: 1, bolus (BodAos, 
lit. cast): to buy the d. (of fish) for so 
much, tanti bolum emere, Suet. 2) 
jactus, is: with retis, Cels. Dig.: also 
absol. when the context explains: Val. 
Max. IV. Current of air: aura, 
spiritus: v. CURRENT (III.). V. Or 
ships, depth of water required to float : 
Phr.: @ vessel whose d. is 20 feet, 
*navis quae viginti pedes in altum 
carina descendit; quae haud minus vi- 
ginti pedum aquae innatat: ships of 
light d., naves actuariae, Caes. Vi. 
A copy: exemplum, exemplar: v. COPY. 

VII. Of troops: délectus, Us: v. 

LEVY. VII. Stink: sentina, cloaca, 
latrina: V. SEWER. IX. For money : 
délégatio: v. CHEQUE. 

draught-board: abacus, tabila (lu- 
soria): v. BOARD (LV.). 

draughts: latrocinium, latruncili : 
applicable to any kind of game played 
with “men” (Vv. CHESS): oF calcili, 
counters: q.v. N.B. Certainly not duo- 
decim scripta (R. and A.), though octo- 
decim scripta would be agreeable to 
analogy: cf. Quint. 11, 2, 38. 

draughtsman: |. For playing 
the game of draughts: latruncilus 
(mimic soldier), calculus (counter): v. 
preced. art. Il. One who is able to 
draw: *qui figurarum describendarum 
peritus est. 

draw: |. 








To pull steadily : 15 
traho, xi, ctum, 3: to d. waggons, 
plaustra tr., Virg.: the loadstone d.s 
tron to it, magnes ferrum in se tr., Cie. ; 





DRAW APART 





tod. a sword from a wound, ferrum ¢ 
vulnere tr., Ov. But traho is often used 
of violent pulling: Vv. TO DBAG. 2 
diico, xi, ctum, 3: (a road by which) the 
waggons had to be drawn one by one. 
qua singuli carri ducerentur, Caes.: tc 
d. a sword out of its scabbard, ferrum 
vagina d., Ov.: Virg. 3. vého, xi, 
ctum, 3 (rare in this sense): the car was 
dm by white horses, currum vehebant 
albentes equi, Curt.: Hor. {], Of 
fluids; fo lift by means of a vessel : 

1, haurio, si, stum, 4: to d. water, 
aquam h., Cic.: to d. from a cask, de 
dolio h., Cic. Fig.: to d. from the 
Stoics’ well-springs, a fontibus Stoicorum 
h., Cic. 9. traho, xi, ctum, 3: we 
see warm water dn (i.e. obtained) from 
perennial springs, videmus ex puteis 
jugibus aquam calidam trahi, Cic. 3 
dépromo, psi, ptum, 3 (from a deep 
vessel): to d. wine from the jar, merum 
d. diota, Hor. —_ |||. By analogy with 
(LL.); to fetch, heave: 1, traho, 3: 
to d. deep sighs, penitus suspiria tr., 
Ov.: d.ing one’s last breath, trahens ex- 
tremum spiritum, Phaedr.: v. TO FETCH, 

2, diico, 3: to d. life and breath, 
vitam et spiritum d., Cic.: Hor.: to d. 
(suck) the breasts, ubera d., Ov. 3. 
haurio, 4: to d. blood (by a wound), 
cruorem h., Ov.: to d. one’s expenses 
From the treasury, sumptum ex aerario 
h., Cie. Phr.: tod. one’s information 
from reliable sources, aliquid certis 
auctoribus comperire, Cic.: they drew 
consolation from the fact that... , hoc 
sibi solatii proponebant, quod, etc., 
Caes.: I should d. consolation from my 
very age, afferret mihi aetas ipsa sola- 
tium, Cic. IV. Zo remove from the 
sheath: Phr.: to d. one’s sword, gladium 
(or ferrum) destringere, Caes.: Liv. 5 
stringere, Caes.: Liv.; educere (with 
or without e vase Cic.; nudare, Ov.; 
ensem recludere, Virg. V. By rea- 
soning: Phr.: to d. a conclusion, con- 
cludere, colligere, conjicere, conjecturam 
facere, V. TO CONCLUDE, INFER. Vi. 
To represent by lines: 1, délineo, 1 (in 
outline): tod. a likeness on a wall, ima- 
ginem in pariete d., Plin. 2. désigno, 
1 (in outline): he d.s the outline of the 
city with the plough, urbem designat 
aratro, Virg.: poet., of representation by 
painting: he d.s Europa deceived by the 
Form of a bull, elusam designat imagine 
tauri Europam, Ov.: v. TO MARK OUT. 

3, describo, psi, ptum, 3 (esp., but 
not solely, of geometrical figures) : to d. 
diagrams in sand, geometricas formas 
in arena d., Cic.: Liv.: to d. a person’s 
likeness accurately, recte d. alicujus 
formam, Pl. Phr.: tod.a face, linea- 
menta oris effingere, Cic.: to d. the plan 
of a portico, formam porticus scribere, 
Plin. See also TO patnt. N.B. For 
to draw (fig.) by means of descriptive 
words, ¥. TO DELINEATE. Vil. Zo 
withdraw money from a banker by a 
cheque: Phr.: to d. a cheque for the 
settlement of an account, delegatione 
solutionem perficere, Sen.: to d. on a 
banker, *argentarium delegare debit- 
orem, cf. Dig. 46, 2, 13 (delégo is to 
assign another person to take one’s duty 
or liability): I paid for her by d.ing a 
cheque on my banker, pro istac rem solvi 
a trapezita meo, Pl. Miscell. Phr.: 
to d. (cast) lots, sortiri, sortes ducere (also 
sorte ducere), v. LoTs: to d, tears, lac- 
rimas movere, Quint.; lacrimas alicui 
excutere (either by a sudden surprise or 
against one’s will), Ter. ; lacrimas elicere, 
Pl.: to d.a line, lineam ducere, Plin.. to 
d. rein, i. e. for the purpose of stopping 
one’s horse, equum sustinere, Cic. (lora, 
habenas adducere is to keep @ tight 
vein): to d. teeth, dentes extrahere, 
Plin.; dentes eximere, Cels. See also 
foll. art. 





draw along: pertriho, xi, ctum, 3: 
to d. a raft along to the bank, ratem ad 
ripam pertr., Liv.: v. TO DRAG ALONG. 

_—— apart, or asunder: 1. di- 
diico, xi, ctum, 3: tod. the jaws asune 
der, os d., Suet.: Plin. 2, disjungo 
sejungo, 3; V. TO SEPARATE. 





DRAW ASIDE 


DRAW-BRIDGE 


DREADFUL 





draw aside: 1, séduco, 3: 
takes (my) hand, he d.s me aside, dex- 
tram prehendit, seducit (—seorsum du- 
cit), Pl.: Cic. 2, abdiico, 3: to d. 
any one aside from his allegiance, ali- 
quem a fide ab., Cic.: v. TO SEDUCE. 

3, sévéco, 1: v. TO CALL ASIDE. 

— away: 1, abdico, 3: v. 
preced. art. 9. avico, 1: tod. away 
Pompey from union with Caesar, Pom- 
peium a conjunctione Caesaris av., Cic. 

8. distraho, xi, ctum, 3: why 
should I try to d. him away from him? 
quid ego illum ab eo d. coner? Cic. 

4. Aaverto, ti, sum, 3: to d. away 


affections, animos a., Sall. See also, TO 
DRAW OFF. 
——" hack: |. Trans. : 1, 


Tédiico, 3: they d. back the oars to their 
breasts, remos ad pectora reducunt, Ov. 
2, retriho, 3: to d. back one’s foot, 
pedem r., Virg.: Ov. Phr.: they d. 
back their bristly locks, horrentem ca- 
pillum retro sequuntur, Tac. I. In- 
trans.: to draw oneself back: 16 
pédem référo, tili, latum, 3, irr. (of 
troops): exhausted with wounds they 
began to d. back, defessi vulneribus p. 
referre coeperunt, Caes.: for which ref. 
se, and gradum ref., also occur. Join: 
pean) cedere ac pedem referre, 
es. Also the pass. referor is some- 
times used reflectively, Liv. 2. ceédo, 
ssi, ssum, 3: Vv. TO YIELD. 8, récédo, 
3: to d. from duty, r. ab officio, Cic. 
4, détrecto, 1 (tod. back from; to 
avoid): Vv. TO DECLINE, AVOID. 

— down. 1, dédico, xi, ctum, 
3: to d. down the moon from heaven, 
lunam coelo d., Virg.: Hor. 9. Elicio, 
cui and exi,3 to d. down lightnings 
(by incantations), fulmina e., Liv.: to 
d. down water from a brow, supercilio 
undam e., Virg.: to d. down Jove from 
heaven, e. coelo Jovem, Ov. Phr.: to 
d. down the wrath of the gods, *deos 
iratos reddere ; deorum iras in homines 
inclinare, 

—in,into: |.Lit: 1, in- 
trorsum (or-us), triho, 3: to d. itself 
(the breath) in through the frame, se per 
artus int.trahere, Lucr. Q, rétento, 1 
(to hold back ; try to keep back) : to d. in 
horses, equos (frena) r., Ov.: like a snail 
hiding himself and d.ing himself into 
(his shell), tanquam cochlea abscondens 
r.se, Auct. Her. Phr.: to d. in one’s 
money, pecuniam religere, Hor. Il. 
Fig.: to entice: illicio, allicio, 3: v. 
TO ENTICE, INVEIGLE. 

— near (intrans.) : 1, approp- 
inquo, prope accédo ad: v. TO ApP- 
proacH. 2, (of time only) appéto, 
3: spring was now d.ing near, jam ver 
appetebat, Liv. 8. insto, stiti, 1: 
the games are d.ing near, ins. ludi, Cic. 

: |. Trans.: 1. dé- 
triho, 3 (usu. with acc. and dat.): to d. 
off the coverings from shields, scutis 
tegumenta d., Caes.: also with prep., fo 
d. a ring off the finger, annulum de 
digito d., Tac.: to d. off Hannibal from 
Italy, Hannibalem ex Italia d., Cic. 

9, dédiico, 3 (esp. with ref. to 
water): to d. off water from a stream, 
aquam ex flumine d., Cic.: Liv.: to d. 
off an army, exercitum d. ab aliquo 
loco, Liv. 8, Gdiico, 3 (like preced.) : 
to d. off water into trenches, aquam in 
fossas e., Plin.: to d. off the water of a 
lake, lacum e., Cic. 4, abdiico, 3 
(esp. of the mind): to d. off an army, 
exercitum ab., Liv.: to d. off the atten- 
tion of the mind from anything, mentis 
aciem ab aliqua re ab., Cic.: Hor. 5, 
distraho, distringo, Avéco: Vv. TO DIVERT. 

6. promo, dépromo, psi, ptum, 3 
(of wines ; from the jar): Hor. Phr.: 
to d. off bilge-water, sentinam exhau- 
rire, Cic. Il. Intrans.: to leave a 
place: cédo, récédo, decédo, 3: v. TO 
WITHDRAW. 

— on: |. Trans.: 1, in- 
diico, 3: to d. on (put on) slippers, 
soleas in pedes ind., Cic.: v. TO PUT ON. 

9, induo, 3: v. TO PUT ON. Il. 
Intrans.: toapproach: apptto, 3: v. 
TO DEAW NBAK. 


he | 


draw out: 1. extriho, 3: tod. 
out water, aquam (e putev) ex., Pl: to 
d, out a weapon from a wound, telum 
de vulnere ex., Ov. Fig.: the fight 
was d.n out till night-fall, certamen in 
noctem extractum, Liv.: v. TO PRO- 
TRACT, 2. ediico, 3: to d. a sword 
out from its sheath, gladium e vagina 
e., Cic.: to d. out a missile from the 
body, telum e corpore e., Virg. 2: 
élicio, ui and exi, 3 (to tempt Jorth): to 
d. out the enemy from the marshes, hos- 
tem ex paludibus el., Caes.: v. TO ELICIT. 
4, dédiico, 3 (to d. out fine, as in 
spinning): to d. out a thread with the 
thumb, d. pollice filum, Ov.: v. To SPIN. 
_— over: |. Lit.: to d. one 
thing over another: 1, obdico, 3: 
labour d.s, as it were, a thick skin over 
grief, labor quasi callum quoddam ob, 
dolori, Cic.: with robe dm over (the 
head), obducta veste, Tac. 2, in- 
diico, 3: night d.s gloom cver the earth, 
nox terris umbras ind.. Hor.: Plin. jun. 
8. siipérindico, 3: Quint.: Plin. 
I]. Fig.: Zo cause a person to 
change sides: 1, abdiico, 3: to d.a 
person over (by money), aliquem a fide 
ab., Cic.: to d. over an army from any 
one, exercitum ab aliquo ab., Cic. 2). 
corrumpo, 3: V- TO CORRUPT, TAMPER 
WITH. 8. concilio, 1: V. TO BRING 
over. Phr.: to try to d. over, sollicit- 
are, Cic. 
round: [. Trans.: 1 
cireumdtco, 3: to d. the plough round 
(a place), aratrum c., Cic. 9. cir- 
cumscribo, psi, ptum, 3 (te make a line 
rou : to d. a circle round @ person 
with a stick, aliquem virgulf c., Cic. 
Phr.: he had dn round him gangs of 
desperadoes, [omnium] facinorum ca- 
tervas circum se habebat, Sall.: the 
young men whom he had dn around 
him, juventus quam illexerat, Sall. 
|]. Intrans.: to assemble about 
any one: affluo, xi, xum, 3: Vv. TO 
FLOCK TO. 
— tight: 1. addiico, 3: to d. 
the reins tight, habenas ad. (opp. remit- 


tere), Cic.: v. TO TIGHTEN. 2. in- 
tendo, di, sum and tum, 3: Plin. 
— to: 1, addico, 3: to d. to 


a door, ostium ad., Petr.: v. TO SHUT. 

9. (of ships) appello, pili, pulsum, 
3 (strictly with ellipsis of navem, 
naves): Cic.: Vell. 

— together: contraho, colligo: 
Vv. TO COLLECT, GATHER TOGETHER. 

— under: subtus dtico, triho: v. 
UNDER. 

—- up: |. Zo move upwards: 
subdiico, 3: to d. up in baskets (from 
the bottom of a well), corbulis aliquid 
[sursum] s., PL: to d. up a portcullis, 
cataractam s., Liv.: to d. up ships (on 
the shore), naves s., Liv. Phr.: to d. 
up a curtain, velum allevare, Sen. 

|. Zo write out: 1. scribo, psi, 
ptum, 3: fod. up @ will, testamentum 
s., Cic.: to d. wp decrees of the senate, 
senatus consulta s., Cic.: Hor. 2. 
concipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (of legal docu- 
ments): to draw up a bail bond, va- 
dimonium c.,Cic. Phr.: tod. up acode 
of laws, leges componere, Liv. : to d. up 
conditions, conditiones conscribere, Liv. : 
registers dn up in the Greele language, 
tabulae literis Graecis coufectae, Caes, 

lil. Zo arrange troops: 1, in- 
struo, xi, ctum, 3: to d. up an army in 
battle array, exercitum ins., Liv.: to d. 
up an army in three lines, triplicem 
aciem instruere, Caes. 2. constituo, 
ui, itum, 3 (to station troops): he drew 
up the legions in battle array before the 
camp, legiones pro castris acie consti- 
tuit, Caes. 3, ordino, 1 (to arrange) : 
tod. up an army for battle, aciem 0., 
Just. ‘ 

draw-bridge: _ 1. povticiilus (any 
small bridge): to let down the d., p. 
detorquere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59: to 
throw a d. across a moat, pigned] p. 
fossae transitum conjungere, Cic. l. c. 

2, pons lévatorius or versatilis : 
y. Dufresne, s. v. 3. sambiica (a 
kind of d. used in sieges): Veg. 





drawer: |. One who draws: use 
pres. part. of verbs under TO Draw (ex- 
cepting in nom. sing., see L. G. § 638): 
to supply the water d.s with buckets, 
*dolia aquam haurientibus praebere. 
A d. of water, aquarius, Juv.; in the 
army, aquator, Caes.: Liv.: the d. of a 
cheque, scriptor (7), or perh. delegator: 
see TO DRAW (VIL). Il. A draughts- 
man: expr. by verb, qui descripsit, 
delineavit, etc.: v. TO DRAW (VL), ill. 
In a chest: lociilus (any compartment 
or box for keeping things in): usu. pL, 
Plin. A chest of d.s, perh. armarium- 
V. WARDKOBE. 
drawers: 1, féminalia, ium, n.: 
Suet. : Hier.: v. TROWSERS. 2, fémor- 
alia, ium: v. 1. for preced. 8, sublig- 
acilum (for which also subligar, Aris, 
n., Mart.: Juv.) : Cic. 4. campestre, 
is, n. (for use in the Campus): Hor. 
5, succinctorium: Aug. (These 
latter terms denote, not an ordinary 
article of’clotbing, but a covering worn 
For the sake of decency.) 
drawing (subs.): |. The art: 
1, picttira linearis, Plin. 35, 3, 5. 
2. graphis, idis and idos, f. (by 
meton.: strictly, a kind of stylus for 
linear drawing): the architect should 
have a knowledge of d., architectum 
graphidos scientiam habere oportet, 
Vitr. 3. *ars délineatoria (7). ll. 
The picture drawn: 1, descriptio : 
d.s of volutes, volutarum descriptiones, 
Vitr. 2. pictira linearis: v. supr. 
(L.). 3, expr. by verb: @ very beau- 
tiful d. (of anything), *imago (effigies) 
pulcherrime delineata: v. TO DRAW 
(VL.). 
drawing-master: *magister artis 
delineatoriae. 
drawing-room : |. Reception- 
room: perh, exedra, exedrium (a small 
room of the kind): Cic.: v. ROOM. IL. 
A room in which linear drawing is exe- 
cuted: officina (sc. *delineatoria, or a 
similar word). 
drawl: perb. syllabas (voces) lentius 
pronuntiando trahere: v. TO DRAG. 
(Literam tractim pronuntiare in Gell. 
4, 6, is to pronounce a vowel long.) 
dray; plaustrum, plostellum: v. 
WAGGON. (Traha or trahea is @ vehicle 
without wheels.) 
(plost-) : 


drayman ; 
p. 

dread (v.): 1, pertimesco, 3 (only, 
in imperf. tenses): the Athenians d.'d 
the predominance of their fellow-citizens, 
Athenienses poteptiam suorum civium 
pertimescebant, Nep.: Cic. 2, paveo, 
2 (esp. when the alarm is sudden): to 
d. the worst, omnia p., Sall.: to d. death, 
mortem p., Plin.; funera p., Hor. The 
inceptive pavesco is occasionally found 
in trans. sense, Tac. 3. formido, 1: 
Rome d.’d by the Parthians, formidata 
Parthis Roma, Hor.: to d. a person's 
anger, alicujus iracundiam f., Cic. 4. 
contrémo, ui, 3 (poet.): Vv. TO TREMBLE 
See also TO FEAR. 

dread (subs.): formido, inis, 7. (de- 
fined by Cic. as metus permanens, Tusc. 
4, 8, fin.): to inspire a person with d., 
f. alicui injicere, Cic.: to be an object of 
d., formidini esse, Sen.: concretely, the 
d. of thieves (Priapus), furum f., Hor 
See also FEAR. 

dread (adj.): v. DREADFUL. 

dreaded (part. adj.): horribilis, 
métuendus, etc.: V. FORMIDABLE. 

dreadful: 1. dirus (esp. poet.: 
in Cic. the word has the sense of tl- 
omened: “exta sine capite, quibus 
nihil videtur esse dirius,” Div. 2, 15, 
36): d. comets, d. cometae, Virg.: ad, 
wickedness, d. nefas, Virg.: d. dropsy, 
d. hydrops, Hor.: d. Hannibal, d. Hate 
nibal, Hor. Q, terribilis, e: Sall.: 
Cic.: v. TERRIBLE. 8. horribilis, ¢ 
(causing a shudder): the d. Mede .( Par- 
thian), b. Medus, Hor.: d. to relate, by 
dictu, Virg.: that is positively d., illud 
vero h., Cic. Join: horribilis ac per- 
timescendus, horribilis et miser, Cie 

4, foedus (shocking in its fed 

tures): d. havoc, f. strages, Flor.: @ da. 


plaustrarius 


DREADFULLY 


um  ————— 


wound, f. vulnus, Ov. 5, téter (taet.), 
tra, trum (like fuedus, but stronger): d. 
regions, loca t., Sall.: d. gloom, t. tene- 
brae [et caligo], Cic.: d. prodigies, t. 
prodigia, Liv.: a d. crime, t. facinus, 
Cic. 6, atrox, dcis (severe, violent) : 
a da. storm, a. tempestas, Liv.: Tac. : 
@ very d. calamity, atrocissima calami- 
tas, Vell.: the carnage was more d., 
caedes atrocior erat, Liv. 
dreadfully : 1, horrendum (ter- 
ribilem) in modum: v. DREADFUL. 2, 
horrendum (neut. used as adv.): Virg. : 
v. HORRIBLY. 8. foedé (implying 
dreadful disfigurement): Vv. FRIGHT- 
FULLY. 4, when qualifying an ad- 
jective, often expr. by means of the 
simple superlative: a d. severe winter, 
teterrima hiems, Cic.: v. preced. art. 
Phr.: to disfigure d., foedare, Virg. : 
to cry out d., clamores horrendos tol- 
lere, Virg. 
dreadfulness: expr. by adj.: ap- 
palled at the d. of the sight, *pavefactus 
tam terribili (horrendo, etc.) spectaculo: 
V. DREADFUL. 
dreadless: impavidus: v. FEARLESS. 
dream (subs.): 1, somnium: an 
interpreter of d.s, somniorum interpres, 
Cic.: to dream a strange d., mirum s. 
somniare Pl.: appearunces in 4.8, 
species somniorum, Cic. Fig.: ds of 
dotards, delirantium somnia, Cic.: 
fevered ds, aegri s., Hor. 9. insom- 
nium (usu. in p/., and oftener of bad 
d.s, as those arising from intemper- 
ance): false d.s, talsa ins., Virg.: to 
escape tndiyestion and d.s (nightmare), 
cruditate, insumniis carere, Cic. Pbr.: 
to be seen in a d., secundum quietem, 
or in quiete (somuis) videri, Cic.: to 
have a d. about, see something in a d., 
in somnis videre, cernere, (ic. : Hector 
appeared to me in a d., in somnis Hector 
visus adesse mihi, Virg. 
dream (¥.): |. Lit.: somnio, 1: 
there is hardly a night that we do not 
d., neque ulla tere (nox) est qua non 
somniemus, Cic.: to d. (of) an egg, 
ovum s., Cic.: usu. however with de 
and abl., Cic.: more fully in somnis s., 
Pl. Phr.: tod. that one sees, in somnis, 
in quiete videre: v. preced. art, jin. 
||. Fig.: to indulge in idle thought : 
], somnio, 1: ha! what are you 
d.ing about ? eho quae somnias? PI.: 
Cic. 9, dormito, 1 (of one who idly 
wastes time): no d.ing now, non nunc 
tibi dormitandum, Pl.: to d. away the 
time, tempus d. in otio, Pl. Phr.: to 
d. away one’s life, *quasi per somnos 
(dormitantem) vitam agere, transire. 
dreamer: |. A person who has 
dreams: somniator: Sen.: Tert. (Also 
in any case except nom. sing., pres. 
part. of somnio: L, G. § 638.) ll. A 
visionary: *homo delirus or delirans ; 
homo vanus, totus in somniis suis: v. 
ENTHUSIAST. 
dreamful;: somniis abundans: v. 
DREAM. 
dreamless: expers (sine) somniir ; 
nullis agitatus insomniis: Vv. DREAM. 
dreamy: somnicil0sus (SLEErY, 
HALF-ASLEEP): Cic. 
drear: V. DREARY. 
drearily ; perb. Sdidsé (in such a u'ny 
as to offend, disgust): V. DISAGRIE- 
ABLY. 
dreariness; solitudo, vastitas: v. 
SOLITUDE, DESOLATION, 
dreary ; no exact equivalent: n‘ar- 
est, 1, vastus (waste, unpeopld) : 
d. solitudes, v. solitudines, Cic.: Liv. 
Join: vastus atque desertus, Cic.: Liv. 
2. sdlus: v. SOLITARY. §, in- 
cultus: regions odious, d., forbidding 
(of Hades), loca tetra, inculta, ‘oeda, 
Sall. (But in itself the word ‘Ienotes 
only the absence of cultivation and 
adornment.) Phr.: regions d., hushed 
in night, loca nocte silentia late, Virg. : 
regions d. and foul, loca seta situ, 
Virg. See also SAD, WRETCHED. 
dredge: éverrictlun: v. DRAG-NET. 
dregs: 1, faex, cis. f.: gars drunk 
to the d., poti faece tirvs cadi, Hor. 
Fig.: in the d. of (the etate of) Rom- 
234 





DRESSING 


ulus, in faece Romuli, Cic.: with the | 
jilth and d. of the capital, apud sordem 
urbis et faecem, Cic. 9. sedimen: v. 


DRINK 





dressing-gown: *amictus cubicu- 
laris. 

dressing-room: précoetdr, Onis 
m. (mpoxotTwy, an ante-chamber): Plin. 


V. SINK (swbs.) See also REFUSE (subs.), ; 2, 17, 10. (Certainly not vestiarium, 


SEDIMENT. 3. sentina (in fig. sense) : 
OFFSCOURINGS. 
drench 1, madéfacio, féci, 


v): 
factum, 3 ve wet thoroughly ; soak: 
q. v.): esp. fig. of intoxication, d.’d with | 
copious draughts, amplioribus poculis 
madefactus, Amm. (for which more 
usu. madidus): PI. 2. (to be or be- 
come d.'d) madesco, ui, 3 the half- 
burnt timbers are d.'d (with rain), semi- 
usta madescunt robora, Virg.: Ov. By 
expr. by means of madidus, with such 
verbs as reddo, facio: J’1l d. you to-day, 
ego te hodie reddam m.! PI.: v. foll. art. 
4. perfundo, fidi, fusum, 3: to d. 

Jish (in cooling) with oil, pisces p. olivo, 
Hor.: to have the head d.’d with warm 
water, per caput aqua calida perfundi, 
Cels.: v.TO POUR OVER, BATHE. 5: 
irrigo, 1 (in tig. sense: v. TO WATER): the 
ground is d.’d uith blood, irrigat terram 
cruor, Sen. (trag.). 

drenched ( pat. adj.): 1, madi- 
dus a bundle of letters d. with water, 
fasciculus epistularum aqua madidus, 
Cic.: d. wings (of the S. wind), m. alae, 
Ov. locks d. with myrrh, capilli myrrha 
m., Ov. Fig.: of drunkenness: Mart. : 
PL 2, avidus: d. garments, u. ves- 
timenta, Hor.: a spot d. with abundant 
spray, locus aspergine multa u., Ov. 
Fig., like preced., Hor. (who opposes 
it to siccus). See also verb TO DRENCH, 
and WET (adj.). 

drench (subs.): potio (haustus) co- 
piosior: v. DOSE, 

dress (subs.): 1, habitus, is (gen. 
term): to change d. with any one, h. cum 
aliquo mutare, Suet.: Quint.: shepherd’s 
d., pastoris, pastoralis h., Liv. Join: 
habitus vestitusque, Liv. 9. cultus, 
ls (strictly, as adorning the person) : 
in his d. he is said to have been remark- 
able, cultu notabilem (fuisse) ferunt, 
Suet.: moderate in d. (of au empress), 
modica cultu, Plin. jun.: also some- 
times in plur., Flor.: Ov.: @ shepherd’s 
d., pastoralis c., Vell. 3, ornatus, 
ls (as adorning or equipping the per- 
son): military d., 0. militaris, Cic. : 
the d. of a ship-captain, o. nauclericus, 
Pl.: she flings away her lands to buy 
d., abjicit agros ut o. paret, Phaedr. 

4 vestitus, vestis, vestimentum 

(strictly, as protecting the person frum 
cold, etc., whereas the preceding words 
imply a certain style of dress or decora- 
tion): extravagant d., nimius v., Ter.: 
Vv. CLOTHES. 





dress (v.): |, Zo attire in clothes: 
1, vestio, 4: v. TO CLOTHE. DP) 
induo, i, itum, 3: v. TO PUT ON. 33 


exorno, I (with finery): while my mis- 
tress is d.ing, amica mea dum se ex., 
Pi. I]. Medical, to attend toa wound, 
ete.: 1, ciro, 1 (general term: v. 
TO TREAT, CURE): to d. one’s wounds, 
vulnera c., Curt. 2. obligo, alligy, 1: 
v. TO BIND UP. ll]. 70 arrange the 
hair: como, psi, ptum, 3: while my 
mistress is d.ing her hair, amica mea 
dum comit, Pl.: to d. the hair in rows 
and curls, c. caput in gradus atque 
annulos, Quint.: (carefully) d.’d locks, 
compti capilli, Cic. IV. To clear and 
till the soil: cdlo, 3: Vv. TO TILL, Vv. 
To cook food: céquo, igne mollio: v, 
To cook. Miscell. phr.: to d. a 
vine, vitem amputare (V. TO PRUNE): 
to d. hides, coria subigere, depsere & 
TO TAN): to d. hemp, stuppam ferreis 
hamis pectere, Plin. 
dresser: *mensa culinaria. 
dressing (subs.): |. The act of 
attiring oneself: expr. by verb: what 
time ts taken up in their d., *dum se 
exornant, quantum tempus consumitur ! 
Vv. TO DRESS. Il. Gf food: coctira: 
Col. [ij], Comice: belabouring, thrash- 
ing: Phr.: I will give him such ad. 
that . . .,adeo exornatum, adeo depex- | 
um dabo, ut etc., Ter.: v. FLOGGING. | 
IV. For a sore: fomentum: v. | 
POULTICE, PLASTER. | 





which is a wardrobe.) 
dressing-table : 
laris (?). 
dressy (colloq.): cirea vestitus curan. 
morosior (based on Suet.,) nimio vestitu 
(sibi) indulgens, cf. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 38: 
uitido notabilis habitu: v. DRESS. 
dribble; stillo, 1: v. TO TRICKLE, 
driblet; stilla: v. prop. Phr.: by 
ds, stillatim (drop by drop), Varr. 
dried (part. adj): 1, siccatus: 
either green or d. (ot a plant), sive viri- 
dis sive s. Plin.: fat d. in the sum, 
adeps s. in sole, Plin. Q, passus (of 
fruit, left on the tree to dry): d. grapes, 
p. acini, Plin.: Virg. 3. torridus 
(dried quite up and purched): streams, 
springs d. up, rivi, fontes t., Liv.: d. 


drift (subs.) |. A heap formed by 
the wind or other cause: agger, éris, 
m.: earth shapeless with snow-d.s, ag- 
geribus niveis informis terra, Virg. 
Phr.: d.s of snow, *vis nivis exagger- 
atae (Kr.): d.-wood, *ligna ad litus de- 
lata. I]. béolent impulse: impétus, 
Us: V. IMPULSE, VIOLENCE. Ill. Zen- 
dency, aim: Phr.: what is the d. of 
this discourse, quorsum haec tendit ora- 
tio? Cic.: the d. of this is .. ., hoc eo 
pertinet ut . . ., Cic.: in fine the d. of 
my determination is this, denique sum- 
ma judicii mei spectat huc, ut .. .; 
Ant. in Cic.: to pay attention (only) to 
the general d. of (a speech), universitati 
(sermonis) attendere (opp. to, particulas 
ejus persequi), Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 3: tw ws 
not easy to see the man’s d., *haud facile 
perspicias quid sibi velit: v. TO MEAN. 
ift (v.): |. Trans.: 
déféro, tili, latum, 3 (to some point): 
to be d.’d by the tide, aestu deterri, 
Caes.: V. TO DRIVE. 2. excito, 1 (to 
raise, as the wind does sand): cf. Sall. 
Jug. 79,med. |], Intrans.: J], 
fluito, 1: a ship [the state] ding im 
the storms of sedition, navis fluitans (in 
alto) tempestatibus seditionum, Cic. 
Q. féror, déféror, latus, 3: v. supr 
(D, aud To carry. Phr.: the snow d.s 
with the force of the wind, *nix cumu- 
latur (exaggeratur) vento. 
drill (v.): |. To pierce with a 
small hole: toro, terebro, I: Vv. TO BORE 
||. Zo train and exercise troops: 
]. exerceo, 2: to assemble troops 
and d. them, copias cogere, ex., Caes. : 
Veg. 2, exercito, 1: Veg.: v. TO 
DISCIPLINE. 3. instituo, i, itum, 3- 
to d. recruits, tirones ins., Veg.: v. TO 


TRAIN. 
drill (subs.): |. For boring: té- 
|l, The exercise of 


*mensa_ cubicu- 


| salt, t. sal, Col. 


rebra: V. GIMLET. 
troops : 1, exercitium: daily prac- 
tice and d., quotidianus usus ex. que, 
Veg.: regular d., assidua ex., Veg.: 
Tac.: Vv. EXERCISE. 2, exercitatio: 
Veg. 3. (campestris) méditatio: Veg. 
Phr.: d.-sergeant, perh. campidoctor, 
armidoctor: see Stewech. ad Veg. 1, 13 
(Perh. exercitiorum magister.) <A d.- 
master of gladiators, lanista, Cic. 
drily ; *risum dissimulando, austero 
quodam jocandi genere. 
drink (v.): —_1, bibo, i, itum, 3 (to 
quench thirst by drinking) : to d. muddy 
water, aquam turbidam b., Cic.: to d. 
from the very source, ex ipso fonte b., 
Ov.: tod. out of a jewebled cup, gemma 
b., Virg.: to d. very hard, damnose b., 
Hor.: tod. in Greek fashion, i. e. with 
“toasts” and drinking of healths, Graeco 
more b., Cic. Fig.: the spear ds blood, 
b. hasta cruorem, Virg.: tod. draughts 
of justice, justitiae haustus b., Quint. 
2. poto, avi, potatum and potum, 
1 (tod. freely and habitually) : he feasts, 
and d.s, obsonat, potat, Ter.: to enjoy 
the pleasure of d.ing in company, cum 
aliis voluptate potandi frui, Cic.: also 
sometimes =bibo: he took up water 
with his hand to d., aquam poturus 
manu hausit, Suet. Fig.: the clothes 


. 


DE Nii 


DRIVE ALONG 


DRIVE OUT 





d. perspiration, vestis sudorem p., Lucr. 

3, haurio, si, stum, 4 (to drink off, 
drain, quaff: esp. poet.): to d. off the 
flowing bowl, spumantem pateram h., 
Virg.: Lucr. Phr.: to be d.ing for 
days together, totos dies perpotare, Cic.: 
to d. almg with another, combibere, 
Sen.: one who habitually d.s with 
another, compotor, fem. compotrix, 
Ter.: to d. deep, largiore vino uti, Liv. ; 
profundo mero incumbere, Val. FL ; 
ingurgitare se in vinum, Pl.: to d. 
draughts of Lesbian, pocula Lesbii du- 
cere, Hor. 

drink in: 1, bibo, 3: tod. in with 
theear,aure ), Hor. Q, haurio, 4: to 
d. in joy with eyes and ears, gaudium 
oculis auribusque h., Liv.: Virg. (For 
lit. sense, v. TO IMBIBE.) 

— off orup: 1, ébibo, i, 3: to 
d. off a jug gy wine, hirneam vini e., 
Pierer: . haurio, 4: v. TO DRAIN, 

$8. époto, only found in p. part. 
épotus : directly after d.-ing off the 
draught, statim, epoto poculo, Cic.: we 
believe that rivers vere drunk off (dry), 
epota flumina credimus, Juv. 
sicco, exsicco, 1: Vv. TO DRAIN. 

—— to: propino, 1 (Gr. rporivy, cf. 
TO DRINK, 1): J d. this to handsome 
Critias, propino hoc pulchro Critiae, 
Cie.: Id. your health in a bumper, pro- 
pino tibi salutem plenis faucibus, Pl. 
St. 3, 2, 16. Phr.: to d. to the safe 
return of a friend, sumere pocula amici 
sospitis, cf. Hor. Od. 3, 8, 13, and 3, 19, 
g: I d. to all your good healths, precor 
omnia laeta vobis omnibus, Erasm.: let 
each drink to the health of Messala, 
« Bene Messala’’ sua quisque ad pocula 
dicat, Tib. 2, 1, 31 (R. and A.). 

drink (subs.): 1. potio: meat 
and d., cibus et p., Cic.: see also 
DRAUGHT. 2. potus, tis: their d. is 
a liquid made from barley, potui est 
humor, ex hordeo, etc., Tac. Ger. 23: to 


give horses a little d., p. exiguum equis | 


impertiri, Plin.: v. DRAUGHT. 

drinkable: potabilis, e (opp. to 
esculentus, eatable): Auson.: Coel. Aur. 
Phr.: water that is not d., aqua ad 
bibendum (potandum) inutilis. 

drinker : 1, potor: water-d.s, 
aquae potores, Hor.: a hard d., acer p., 
Hor.: quarrels of d.s, potorum rixae, 
Prop. 2, potator (an habitual drinker, 
- a tippler): Pl. hr.: a great d., 
(homo) vini capacissimus, Liv.: he was 
the greatest d. in all Asia, magnitudine 
poculorum bibendoque totam Asiam 
superavit, Cic. FL 37, 92: a moderate 
1, exigui potus homo, modicus bibendi, 
Bau. (in Kr.). See also DRUNKARD, 
BOON-COMPANION. 

drinking (subs.): 1. potio (the 
mere act of drinking): in the very act 
of d. she cried out, in media p. exclam- 
avit, Cic. Q. expr. by ger. of verbs 
while thed. is going on, interea dum bibi- 
tur, inter bibendum, etc.: v. TO DRINK. 

3. potus, ts (esp. habitual d.) : exces- 

sive d., immodicus p., Cic.: in d. and 
joviality, in p. et hilaritate, Plin.: v. 
DRINK (subs.) 4, potatio (carous- 
ing): Quint.: v. cARoUSE. Phr.: 
during the d., in poculis, Cic.: after d., 
post vina, Hor. 

drinking-bout: potatio, comissa- 
fio: v. CAROUSE. Phr.: to indulge in 
d.s, certare mero, Hor. 

drinking-cup: pociilum: v. cup. 

drip (v.) — |, Zo drop slowly down 
upon something : 1, stillo, 1: gore 
d.s from the steel, cruor s. ferro, Prop. : 
Tib.: v. TO DROP. Q. destillo, 1: v. 
TO TRICKLE DOWN. (Instillo is always 
trans.) |]. To be running wet : 
stillo, 1: a dagger d.ing (with blood) 
stillans pugio, Cic.: the stars d. with 
blood, sidera sanguine s., Ov. 2, roro, 
1 (strictly, to drop with dew): his 
(Notus’) wings and garments d., r. pen- 
naeque sinusque, Ov.: the brambles d. 
with blood, sanguine vepres r., Virg.: v. 
TO DRIZZLE. 3, mano, 1: a knife 
d.ing with blood, culter manans cruore, 
Liv. 4, fluo, xi. xum, 3: ding in 
wet clothes, madida fluens in veste, 





Virg.: to d. (or stream 
ration, sudore fluere, 
Phaedr.). 

drip (subs.): stillicidium: the d. 
Salling hollows stone, stillicidi casus la- 
pidem cavat, Lucr.: legal rights respect- 
ing walls, lights, drip, jura parietum, 
luminum, stillicidiorum, Cic.. to cause 
your d. to fall on your neighbour's house, 
sullicidium in alicujus (domum) proji- 
cere, Paul. Dig. 

dripping (part. adj.): 1, 
lans: v. preced. art. 


with perspi- 
uiv. (diffluere, 


stil- 


Slies forth with d. wings, m. Notus evol- 
at alis, Ov.: Cic.: v, DRENCHED. 
dripping (subs.): perh. adeps liqué- 
factus (“ liquor eorum quae coquuntur,” 
Fore.) A d.-pan, *patina quae carnium 
jus excipit, dum coquuntur. (Sartago 
and frixorium are vessels for frying tn: 
V. FRYING-PAN.) 
drive (v.): A, Trans.: |. To 
impel: cause to go forward : 1. ago, 
égi, actum, 3 (in most senses of the Eng. 
word): to d. along she-goats, capellas 
protinus a., Virg.: to d. a herd before 
one, armentum prae se a., Liv.: to d. 
ships ashore, naves in littus a., Virg.: 
d. their ships in different ways, age 
diversas naves, Virg.: the wind ds the 
clouds, a. wubila ventus, Virg. 2. 
Agito, 1 (strictly frequent. of ago ; hence 
esp., to d. regularly, as in harness or 
under a yoke): to d, chariots, herds, 
currus, greges a., Virg.: tod. a pair of 
lions, bijugos leones a., Lucr. (in this 
sense, not in Cic, who however has 
agitator = driver.) 3. pello, p&ptli, 
pulsum, 3 (to push; give a violent im- 
pulse to): ¥. TO IMPEL, DRIVE AWAY. 
4, cOgo, 3: v. TO DRIVE IN, INTO. 
Phr.: tod. avacing-chariot, curriculum 
regere, Suet.: tod. in @ chariot-race, au- 
rigare, Suet.: the wind d.s the mill-wheel, 
*ventus molae rotam movet, impellit, 
agit: to d. a nail, clavum adigere in 
aliquid, Plin.: to name a dictator for 
ding in the nail, dictatorem clavi 
figendi causa dicere, Liv. (v. TO DRIVE 
IN): to d. a person to distraction, ali- 
quem ad insaniam adigere, Ter.; lym- 
phatum agere, Plin.; if with jealousy, 


Tumpere, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 15. See also 
TO DRIVE AWAY, OUT, etc. ll. Zo 
carry on (a trade, etc.): 1, facio, 


féci, factum, 3: to d. a trade, merca- 
turam f., Cic.: to d. a trade in harlotry, 
meretricium (sc. quaestum) f., Suet. 
2. exerceo, 2: to d. a disgraceful 
trade, negotiationem pudendam ex., 
Suet.: Cic.: to d. a trade in frankin- 
cense, commercium turis ex., Plin. |]. 
To force: cdgo, compello, 3: v. TO 
COMPEL. B. Intrans.: |. To be 
borne in a vehicle: 1, vého, xi, 
ctum, 3 (usu. as refl., but with act. part. 
vehens): to d. in a chariot, curru vehi, 
Cic.: ding in,a chariot and four, 
quadrigis vehens, Cic. 2. invéhor, 
3: to d. through cities, per urbes invy., 
Luer. 3. carpentum (currum, equos, 
etc.) igo, 3: Liv.: v. TO DRIVE(A).  []. 
To be carried along by wind or current : 
féror, déféror: v. TO DRIFT. Phr.: the 
iron shower d.s, ferreus ingruit imber, 
Virg.- what is he d.ing at, quid sibi 
vult? Ter.: v. TO MEAN. 
about: 1, jacto, 1 (¢o 
toss: q. v.): to be dn about on the 
ocean, in alto jactari, Cic.: to be d.n 
about in a crowd, in turba jactari, Cic. 
9. verso, 1: to d. sheep about (in 
pasturing them), oves v., Virg.: tod. a 
chariot about, currum v., Virg. Ss: 
Agito, 1: the gods of Troy, dn about 
(from place to place), agitata numina 
‘Trojae, Virg. 
against: impingo, pégi, pac- 
tum, 3: tod. a ship against something, 
navem imp., Quint. : clouds d.n violently 
against each other, nubes vehementer 
impactae, Sen. Phr.: he d.s his horse 
against the consul himself, in ipsum in- 
festus consulem dirigit (equum), Liv. 
—- along or on: _ 1, igo, 3: 
v. TO DRIVE (1, 1). 9. trido, si, 











9. rorans: d.| 
locks, r. capilli, Ov.; r. comae, Stat. | 
3, miadidus (wet through) : Notus | 





sum, 3 (to thrust on): the rivers d. the 
ice along, glaciem flumina t., Virg.: day 
is dn on by day, truditur dies die, Hor. 
8. propello, pali, pulsum, 3 (to d. 
Joruard):- to d. a vessel along by oars, 
navem remis p., Cic.: v. TO DRIVE FORTH, 
PROPEL. 4, impello, 3: the Zephyrs 
d. the waves along, Zepliyri imp. unodas, 
Virg. 
drive away: 1. 4bigo, gi, ac- 
tum, 3: to d. away jflivs, muscas ab., 
Cic. Fig.: lo d. away curas 
ab., Hor. Q, fiigo, 1 (to put to flight): 
tod. a person avay by Jorce of arms, 
aliquem armis f., Cic.: blasts d. away 
the clouds, flamina nubes f., Ov.: v. 
FLIGHT (TO PUT TO). 3. pello, 3 (esp 
poet., in fig. seuse): d. av ay cares with 
wine, vino pellite curas, Hor.: v. To 
BANISH. 4, dépello, 3: he drove 
away the saviour of his country from 
the capital, patriae conservatorem urbe 
depulit, Cic. Esp fig., to d. away 
hunger, thirst, famem, sitim d., Cic. 
Join: demovere et depellere de loco, 
Cic. 5, déjicio, 3: v. TO DISLODGE. 
6. déturbo, 1 (in confusion, by 
violence): tod. a person away from the 
tribunal, aliquem de tribunali d., Caes. : 
the bees d. the drones away from their 
abodes, apes fucos a sedibus suis d., 


Pall. 

back: 1, répello, 3: tod. 
back the enemy into the forests, bostes 
in silvas r., Caes.: Cic. 2. rédigo, 
égi, actum, 3: they d. the enemy back to 
his camp, hostem in castra redigunt, 
Liv.: Lucr. 8. rejicio, jéci, jectum, 
3: tod. back the grazing kids Jrom the 
river, pascentes capellas a flumine re- 
jicere, Virg.. esp. of the wind, I was 
dn back by a violent 8. wind to the 
same (city). rejectus sum Austro vehe- 
menti ad eandem (urbem), Cic.: they 
drove them back into the town, eos in 
oppidum rejecerunt, Caes. 4, reprimo, 
3: V. TO CHECK, RESTRAIN. 

own: 1, dépello, 3: they 
d. the enemy down from the position, 
hostes loco depellunt, Caes.: v. TO DIS- 
LODGE. Q. déjicio, 3: the ships were 
dm down to the lower part of the island, 
naves ad inferiorem partem insulae de- 
jectae sunt, Caes. 
forth: _ 1, expello, 3: v.70 
BANISH, EXPEL. 2. propello, 3: tod. 
Jorth flocks (from their stalls), oves pr., 
Col.: the N. wind ds the ship forth 
upon the ocean, Boreas navem pr. in 
altum, Ov.: v. TO DRIVE OUT. 3 
exigo, 3: tod. (flocks) forth to pasture, 
pastum ex., Varr. 
home: Phr.: tod. home a 
dagger in the consul’s body, sicam in 
consulis corpore defigere, Cic.: lo d. 
home beams with vammers, tigna fistucis 
adigere, Caes.: to d. home the sword tm 
one's bosom, ferrum in pectus demittere, 
Tac. : Ov. 


cares, 

















in, into or to: 1, figo, 
xi, xum, 3: to d. in nails, clavos f, 
Hor.: Liv.: see TO DRIVE (I.. br.) 2. 
infigo, 3: to d. a spear into the gate, 
hastam portae inf., Virg. 3. cdgo, 
cdégi, cdactum, 3 (with in, intro): the 
Force of the wind drove the ship into the 
port of ..., Vis ventorum in portum 
navem coegit, Cic.: to d. sheep in, oves 
intro c, Pl. Fig.: to be dm intoa 
corner, in angustum cogi, Ter. 4. com- 
pello, 3 (to d. together, d. to join): they 
had d.n their flocks together, to the same 
spot, greges in unum compulerant, 
Virg.: Hor. See also preced. art. 

—— off: Abigo, dépello, etc.: v. 
TO DRIVE AWAY. 

—— out: 1, expello, 3: to d. 
out nature with a pitchfork, naturam 
furca ex., Hor.: v. TO BANISH, EXPEL. 

9. &jicio, 3: v. TO CAST OUT. 3: 
extrido, si, sum, 3: tod. @ person out 
of doors, aliquem foras ex., Ter.: v. TO 
THRUST OUT. 4. exturbo, I (with vio- 
lence and confusion): d. them all out of 
the house, cunctos exturba aedibus! PI. 
to d. out gravel (medically), calculos 
ex., Plin. Join: expellere atque ex- 
turbare, Cic. §, exigo, 3: tod the 
235 


DRIVE OVER 


enemy out of the plain, hostem e campo 
ex., Liv. Phr.: d.n out of one’s coun- 
try, patria excussus, Virg. 

drive over: expr. by verbs under 
TO DRIVE and per: J'wllia is said to have 
dn over her father's corpse, Vullia per 
yue corpus carpentum egisse fertur, 

iv. 





round: circumago, 3: Liv. 
See also TO DRIVE ABOUT. 

through: |. 7o cause a 
weapon to pass through a body : trajicio, 
transfigo, transfddio, 3: v. TO TRANSFIX, 
PIERCE. I]. Zo be borne through a 
place by horses, eo, véhor, invéhor, cur- 
Tum go, per . . ., cf. Lucr. 2, 624. 

to: appello, 3: a deity hath 
dn me to your shores, me vestris deus 
appulit oris, Virg. 

—-— together: 1. cogo,3 (not 
necessarily employing force): v. TO 
BRING TOGETHER, COLLECT. 9, com- 
pello, 3: Cic.: more fully, c. in unum, 
Virg. 

drive up: sibigo, 3 (up hill or 
against the current): Virg. Phr.: he 
d.s up to the house in his carriage, *car- 
pento invectus domum accedit; equos 
domum (aedes) versus dirigit. 

drive (subs.): . The exercise: 

1. gestatio (used of all kinds of 
riding, as in a boat, etc.): Sen.: Cels. 

9, vectatio, Suet. Phr.: to take 
ad. in a carriage and pair, bijugis 
equis gestari, Mart. I. The place for 
driving in: 1, gestatio, Plin. 2. 
perh. spatium (esp. used of 7ace-courses, 
but applicable to any open space): cf. 
Nep. Eum. 5. 

drivel : |. Zo slaver: Phr.. 
d.ing lips, manantia labra saliva, Juv. ; 
fluidun os salivis (of cattle), Col. Il. 
Fig. : to indulge in childish nonsense : 

1, déliro, 1: Hor.: Cic. 2, in- 
eptio, 4: Ter.: Cat. 

driveller: 1, (homo) délirus, dé- 
lirans (see L.G. § 638): of a writer, 
scriptor delirus inersque, Hor.: dream- 
ings of d.s, delirantium somnia, Cic. 

2, (homo) somnians: not of philo- 
sophers but d.s (lit. dreamers), non phi- 
Josophorum sed somniantium, Cic. - 
(homo) Ineptus: v. SILLY. 4, blen- 
nus (rare): Pl. Bacch. 5, 1, 2: cf. 
Fore. s, v. 

drivelling (part. adj.): délirue, 
etc. : v. preced. art. 

drivelling (subs.) : Ineptiae, somnia: 
Vv. NONSENSE. 

driver: 1, agitator: a clever d. 
a. callidus, Cic.: Virg. 9. auriga, c., 
(esp. at the games) : Cic.: Suet. (Phae- 
thon) d. of his father’s chariot, currus 
au. paterni, Ov. 3, modérator (con- 
trolier): d. of steeds, m. equorum, Ov. 

4, rector (director): d. of an ele- 
phant, elephanti r., Liv.: Curt.: Ov. 
There are also special names for the d.s 
of certain vehicles, as rhedarius, esse- 
darius, covinarius, carrucarius, quadri- 
garius, etc. 

driving (subs.): (of chariots) auri- 
gatio, Suet. (But usu. expr. by verb: 
Vv. TO DRIVE.) 

driving (part. adj.): esp. as epith. 
of wind, rain, etc.: perh. véhémens, 
vidlentus: v. VIOLENT. 

drizzle: 1, rore, 1: tt ds before 
it rains, rorat ante quam pluit, Varr. 

Q, irroro, 1: the S, wind d.s, ir. 
Auster, Col. 

drizzly : e.g. vain, pluvia minuta 
atque rorans, cf. Cic. Sen. 14, 46. 

droll (adj.): 1, mdictilus, ridict- 








ldsus: V. LAUGHABLE, DIVERTING. Q, 
lépidus: v. PLEASANT, HUMOROUS. 3. 
facétus: v. FACETIOUS. Phr.: you 


are a d. fellow, ridicule cogitas! Pl. 

droll (subs.) scurra, sannio: v. BUF- 
¥OON, JESTER. 

drollery: 1. facétiae, arum: v. 
SACETIOUSNESS, HUMOUR. 9. scur- 
rilitas (coarse): V. BUFFOONERY. Phr.: 
nothing can exceed the d. of . . ., *nihil 
potest magisesse ridiculum ; nihil potest 
esse aptius ad risum ciendum. 

drolly: ridictile, facété, festivé: v. 
LAUGHABLY, AMUSINGLY. 

236 





DROP 


dromedary: _ 1, (camelus) drdmas, 
Adis, m.: Liv.: Curt. 2. droméda- 
rius: camels by reason of their excessive 
swiftness called d.s, cameli quos ob 
nimiam velocitatem d, appellant, Hier. 
(Camelus dromedarius, Cycl.) 
drone (svbs.): |. 4 non-working 
: fucus, i: Virg.: Plin. Fig.: of 
men (homo) piger, déses: a d. as far as 
war is concerned, militiae piger et 
malus, Hor.: a perfect d. about letter- 
writing, ad literas scribendas piger- 
rimus, Coel. in Cic.: V. SLUGGISH, IDLE. 
|], 4 dull monotonous noise: bom- 


bus: of bees, Varr.; of a trumpet, 

Lucr. 
drone (.): |. To live in idleness : 
1, cesso, 1: Join: nihil agere 


et cessare, Cic.: v. TO IDLE, LOITER. 
9. hébeo, 2 (to be in a state of 
torpor), Tac. Ger. 15. Phr.: to d. 
away life, vitam desidem, otiosam 
trahere. I]. Zo emit a low, dull 
sound: perh. musso, bombito, 1: v. TO 
HUM. 
dronish: piger, ignavus, de@ses: v. 
IDLE, LAZY. 
droop: A. Intrans.: I. 
Lit.: to hang down: 1, pendeo, 
dépendeo, 2: v. TO HANG. 9. ré- 
cumbo, cibui, itum, 3: and on his 
shoulders d.s the sunken neck, inque 
humeros cervix collapsa r., Virg.: v. 
TO LEAN, 8, deémitto, misi, missum, 
3 (as refl., or with pron. rejl.): golden 
collars d.ing down their bosoms, aurea 
pectoribus demissa monilia, Virg.: see 
also infra (B). Il. Zo fade, to incline 
towards an end: languesco, 3: 
the jlower d.s in death, flos 1. moriens, 
Virg. 9. flaccesco, 3: V- TO FLAG, 
WITHER. 8. inclino, I: Vv. TO DE- 
cLINE (IL). [|]. _ Fig.: to become 
weak: Phr.: their courage d.s, lis 
animus cadit, Liv.: v. TO DISCOURAGE. 
B. Trans.: démitto, 3: the poppy 
d.s its head, d. caput papaver, Virg.: v. 
TO HANG DOWN. 
drooping : |. Hanging down: 
1, pendulus: d. dewlap, p. palearia, 
Ov. 9. flaccidus (flabby): d. ears, 
f. aures, Col. 3, languidus (that has 
lost strength to keep erect): d. sails, 1. 
carbasa, Lucan. 4, languens, ntis 
(like preced.) : d. ears of corn, 1. aristae, 
Val. Fl. (But languens is also used as 
natural epithet of the hyacinth: Virg. 
Aen. 11, 69.) Il. Fig.: of courage, 
spirits, etc.; Phr.: d, spirits, animus 
demissus, fractus, jacens (V. DEJECTED): 
d. fortunes, inclivata fortuna [et prope 
jacens], Cic. 
droopingly: languidé, Plin. (Or 
expr. by adj. under preced. art.: v. 
L. G. § 343-) 
drop (subs.): Palate ib 
gutta (a round drop, whether falling or 
not): the d. hollows stone, g. cavat la- 
pidem, Ov.: ds of rain, g. imbrium, 
Cic.: falling d.s, g. cadentes, Cic. Also 
used in architecture, Vitr. 9. stilla 
(ad as falling; ad.as poured from a 
vessel) : three d.s of the fat being added, 
ex eo adipe, ternis s. additis, Plin. 3 
Stiria (strictly, a congealed d.): an un- 
sightly d. (from the nose), turpis st., 
Mart.: v. wcrcLe. Fhr.: d. by d., stil- 
latim, Varr.: to fall in d.s, stillare, de- 
stillare, Plin.: to powr d. by d., instillare, 
Hor.: d.s of amber, stillata electra, Ov. : 
that which falls d. by d., stillicidium : 
V. DRIP (subs.) I]. 4 small quantity 
(of a fluid): 1, stilla: a little d. of 
oil, s. olei, Mart. 12, 70. 92, paulum, 
paulilum: v. LITTLE (A). Hh. An 
ornament for the person: stalagmia, 
Inaures (both pl.) : v. EAR-RING. 
drop (v.): A, Trans: 5 
Lit.: to let fall in drops: 1, stillo, 
I (more freq. intrans.): to d. (tears) 
From the eyes, rorem st. ex oculis, Hor. 
9, instillo, 1 (to d. a fluid upon 
something): tod. oil on the lamp, oleum 
Inmini ins., Cic.: Hor.: to d. a juice 
into the ears, succum auribus ins., Plin. 
3. destillo, 1 (to d. down: rare as 
trans.): usu. with abl. of that which 
drops: trees which d. perfume, destil~ 











DROP-SCENE 


lantes odore arbores, Plin.: Tib. 4, 
irrdro, 1 (like dew): v. TO SPRINKLE. 
||. Zo let fall: démitto, misi, mis- 
sum, 3: tod. a pebble into the urn, cal- 
culum in urnam d., Ov.: to d. teart, 
lacrimas d., Virg. Phr.: to d. the 
curtain (strictly, to lower the curtain, 
so as to disclose the stage), aulaeum or 
aulaea premere, Hor.: to d. a tear, la- 
crimas dare (with dat. of object), Ov. 
Ne TEAR): to d. anchor, ancoram jacere, 
aes.: to d. the reins (leave hold of 
them), habenas remittere, Ov.: have you 
d/d some money, num qui nummi ex- 
ciderunt tibi? Pl.: v.co(toLer). [I]. 
To leave off duing, give over (colloq.): 
Phr.: tod. an amour, amorem missum 
facere, Ter.: let usd. this, haec missa 
faciamus, Ter.: to d. a friend, amicum 
negligere, abjicere (v. TO CUT, jin.): to 
d. an intimacy, familiaritatem omittere, 
praecidere (cut it short): V. TO BREAK 
OFF B, Intrans.: |. To fall 
in drops: 1, stillo, 1: honey dJ’d 
from the oak, stillabant de ilice mella, 
Ov.: v. TO TRICKLE. 9, destillo, 1: 
a humour d.s from the groin (of the 
horse), d. inguine virus, Virg.: cf. supr. 
(1.). 83. (more precisely), stillatim 
cado, c&écidi, casum, 3: Varr. See also 
TO DRIP. ||. Zo fall to the ground: 
1, délabor, psus, 3 (from an ele- 
vated position) : the image that d.’d down 
From heaven, signum de coelo delapsum, 
Cic.: the fold d.s Jrom the shoulder, ab 


humero sinus d., Quint. 2. décido, 
3: TO FALL DOWN. 8, excido, cidi, 
3: an arrow having d’d (from his 


hand) on to his (Chivon’s) foot, quam 
excidisset sagitta in pedem, Plin.: the 
swords dd from (their) hands, gladii 
de manibus exciderunt, Cic. (v. TO FALL 
out). Fig.: (these) words d’d from 
his lips, vox excidit ore, Virg.: lest any 
should, think the words to have d.’d from 
me without thinking, ne quis mihi putet 
temere excidisse, quod dixerim.. ., 
Quint.: Cic. 4. défluo, xi, xum, 3 
(to become detached, slip off): the hair 
d.s off, defluunt comae, Ov.: his very 
wreaths began to d. from him, jam ipsae 
defluebant coronae, Cic.: his body d.’d 
From his horse to the ground, corpus ex 
equo defluxit in terram, Curt. 5. 
fluo, 3: the hair d.s off, capilli f., Cels. : 
(the fruit) will d. off of itself when ripe, 
sponte fluent matura sua, Ov.: Cic.: v. 
TO SLIP (FROM). Phr.: the teeth d. out, 
cadunt (excidunt) alicui dentes: v. TO 
FALL OUT. 

drop in: i.e. to call wpon: i |e 
vénio, intervénio, véni, ventum, 4: 
when Caesar did in wpon me at my 
Tusculan villa, qauum ad me in Tuscu- 
lanum Caesar venisset, Cic.: wnless we 
happen to have d.’d in at an unsuitable 
time, nisi forte molesti intervenimus, 
Cic. Or. 2, 3, jim. (the inter implies 
that something, was going on): Ter. 

2, opprimo, pressi, ssum, 3 (with 
acc.): if a guest ds im upon you at 
night-fall, si vespertinus subito te op- 
presserit hospes, Hor, Phr.: I am in 
the habit of d.ing in at @ party, in- 
vocatus soleo esse in convivio, Pl.: who 
should d. in but my friend Caius, *ecce 
nobis de improviso Caius meus. 

— down upon: i.e. to surprise 
(colloq.) : 1. opprimo, pressi, ssum, 
3: for fear the old fellow should d. 
down upon me, ne senex me op., Pl. ; his 
object was tod. down upon us when we 
were napping, id yoluit, nos interea os- 
citantes opprimi, ‘Ter. 2, siper- 
vénio, 4 (with dat.) : v. TO SURPRISE. 

dropping (svbs.): stilliddium: v. 
DRIP (subs.) Prov.: a continual d. 
wears away stones, gutta cavat lapidem 
non vi sed saepe cadendo, Ov. 

dropping (part. adj.): 1, cida- 
cus: d. water, aquae c., Ov.: V. FALLING. 

Q, stillaticius: Plin. 8. rosci- 
dus (poet.): d. grots, r. antra, Ov.: v. 
WET, DEWy. See also DRIPPING. 
_dropping-well: perb. fons stilla- 
ticius. 

drop-scene : siparium, Cic,: Apul.: 
Vv. CURTAIN. 








DROPSICAL 


dropsical : hydr6picus, Hor. Phr.: 
to be d., aqua intercute laborare: v. 
foll. art. 
dropsy : 1, hydrops, opis, m.: 
Hor.: Cels. (Strictly a Gk. word, 
‘dpwy.) 2, Aqua intercus or morbus 
aquae interciitis, Cic.: Suet. 3. aqua 
subter cutem fusa, Plin. 4, hydro- 
pisis, is, f.: Plin. 5, morbus sub- 
terciitaneus, Aur. Vict. 6. (poet.) 
Zquosus languor, Hor. 
dross: |, Lit.: Therefusethrown 
off by metals in melting : 1, spima 
(scum-like): silver d., argenti s., Plin. 
Q. scoria: the furnace refuse is in 
every kind of metal called d., quae @ 
camino jactatur spurcitia in omni me- 
tallo scoria appellatur, Plin. 33, 4, 21. 
I]. Fig.: that which is worthless: 
quisquiliae, faex: v. REFUSE, DREGS. 
eens: spurcitia: cf. DROSS 
, 2). 
drossy ; *multam spurcitiam habens. 
drought: 1, siccitas (esp. in 
pl.): d.and scarcity, s. et inopia frug- 
um, Liv.: very severe d., s. maxima, 
Cic.: in time of d., in siccitatibus, 
Cels.; per siccitates, Plin.; siccitatibus 
(without prep.), Plin. 2. ariditas: 
Arnob.: v. DRYNESS, 8. sitis, is, f. 
(poet.): lands cracking with d., hiulca 
siti arva, Virg.: v. THIRST. 
droughty : siccus, aridus, siccitate 
rans: V. DRY, PARCHED. 
drove: grex, grégis, m.: a d. of 
ozen and other cattle, g. armentorum 
reliquique pecoris, Cic.: v. HERD. 
drover: pécuarius, armentarius: v. 


HERDSMAN, 
drown: J. Lit.: to destroy by 
water : 1. submergo, si,sum, 3: d.’d 


in crossing the river Albula, in trajectu 
Albulae amnis submersus, Liv.: d.’d in 
mid ocean, medio in fluctu submersus, 
Virg.: ‘T'ac.: v. TO OVERWHELM. 2. 
mergo, si, sum, 3 (to plunge in the water : 
the notion of death must be gathered from 
the context): who snatched thee from 
us and d.’d thee in mid ovean, quis te 
eripuit nobis, medioque sub aequore 
mersit? Virg. A. 6, 342: cf. 348: v. TO 
PLUNGE. 8, déemergo, 3 (like preced.) 
(Tiberinus) d.’d in the waters of the 
Tuscan stream, in Tusci demersus flu- 
minis undis, Ov. 4, haurio, si, stum, 


in Kr.). I]. Fig.: to overwhelm: 
hr.: to d. care in bumpers of wine, 
curam multo diluere vino, Hor.; curas 
pellere vino, Hor. : each strove to d. the 
other’s voice, certatim alter alteri ob- 
strepere, Liv.: Cic.: the voice is d.’d 
(swallowed up, as by a badly constructed 
building), vox devoratur aedificio par- 
um ad agendum apto, cf. Plin. 11, 51, 
112: Vv. LosT (TO BE). [I]. Also fig. 
chiefly in pass., to be absorbed in any- 
thing: Phr.: d.’d in sleep and 
wine, somno vinoque sepultus, Virg.: 
to be d’d in pleasure, voluptatibus de- 
ditum esse, totum esse in voluptatibus: 
V. DEVOTED, GIVEN UP (TO BE), 
drowning (subs.): Phr.: todie by 
sword, fire, d., *ferro, igne, aqua perire; 


drowsily: 1, somniciildsé: to 
perform orders d., imperia alicujus s. 
persequi, Pl. 9. oscitanter: Cic., 
who joins tam solute agere, tam leniter, 
tam oscitanter, Brut. 80, 277. S: 
expr. by part. of dormito, oscito: to 
tall d., *dormitantis modo, quasi osci- 
tantem loqui: v. TO DOZE. 

drowsiness: |, 4 disposition to 
sleep : 1, somnus (Strictly sleep : 
q. V.): overcome with sport and d., ludo 
fatigatumque somno, Hor. Od. 3, 4, Ir: 
simly, somno fessus, Tib. 1, 3, 838: 
more precisely, 2, somni ctipiditas 
(ciipido): v. DESIRE. 3, somndlentia 
(v. rare): Sidon. I]. Habitual slack- 
ness and inactivity : 1, somnus (in 
rhetorical passages): the d. of Lentulus, 
s. Lentuli, Cic. Cat. 3,7,16. 2, pigritia, 
ignavia, etc,; v, INACTIVITY, SLUGGISH- 
NESS, 





DRUNK 


drowsy: |. Inclined to sleep: 
sémisomnus or sémisomnis, e; sumni- 
cildsus (as permanent quality), somnd- 
lentus : V. SLEEPY, HALF-ASLEEP, Phr.: 
to be or feel d., dormitare, Pl. Amph. 2, 
2,185: Cic. ||, Causing sleep: 1, 
soporifer, Gra, rum: the d. poppy, s. 
papaver, Virg.: Plin. 2, somnificus: 
Plin. 3. sdpdrus: v. SOPORIFEROUS. 
lll. Fig.: sluggish, inactive: som- 
niciilosus: an inactive, sluggish, d. old 
age, iners, ignava, s. senectus, Cic.: v. 
SLUGGISH, 
drub (v.): pulso, mulco, I: v. TO 
MAUL, BELABOUR. To be d.’d, vapiilo, 1: 


Ter. 

drubbing (svbs.): expr. by verb: he 
with d., and I with being drubbed, ille 
verberando, ego vapulando, Ter.: to 
give a person a good d., aliquem male 
mulcare, bene depexum dare: v. DRESS- 
ING. 

drudge (v.): *laborando me criicio, 
fitigo, defatigo (v. ro Tort), servilibus 
officiis nimis attente fungor, cf. ‘ler. 
Heaut. 1, 1, 14. (Operam servam hab- 
ere, Pl. Pers. 2, 4, 9, is to have one’s 
services at the pinned of another.) 

drudge (subs.): 1. médiastinus 
(a farm servant of all work): jarmers’ 
d.s, m. rustici, Cic. 2, (homo) pla- 
giger, plagipitida, plag*geriilus (one who 
has to put up with being cuffed): Pl. 

8. homo clitellarius (pack-saddle 

man; comicé), Pl. Most. 3, 2,94. Phr.: 
don’t make a d. of yourself, ne labora ! 
Ter.; ne labore te crucia, cf. Ter. Heaut 
I, 1529: 

drudgery: opera servilis, officia ser- 
Vilia : V. SERVILE. 

drug (subs.): 1. vénénum (ori- 
ginally a neutral word, but used mostiy 
in bad sense): poisonous d.s, v. mala, 
Sall.: Hor.: v. POISON. 2, médica- 
mentum (anything administered medi- 
cally): to produce abortion by means of 
d.s, medicamentis partum abigere, Cic. 
a r.: to be a.d. in the market, jacére, 

ic. 

drug (v.): 1, médico, z (to treat 
with drugs in any way): @ cake ren- 
deved soporiferous with d.d grain, so- 
porata medicatis frugibus offa, Virg. A. 
6, 420. Q. potiono, t (v. rare): d.’d 
with a love-philtre, medicamento amat- 
orio potionatus, Suet. Phr.: to d. a 
draught, *poculo medicamentum [sopo- 
riferum] addere, infundere. 

drugget: *textilium genus crassum. 

druggist: médicamentarius: v. 
APOTHECARY. A d.’s shop, medicament- 
aria (sc. taberna). 

druid: (only in pl.) Druides, um or 
Druidae, arum, m.: over all these D.s 
there is one president, his omnibus 
Druidibus unus praeest, Caes.: Tac. 
(who uses the form Druidae). The sing. 
may be expr. as above by means of 
unus, etc.: his father was a D., *pater 
ei e genere Druidum fuit; or in poetry, 
Druida, ae. A female D., Druias, Adis, 
Lampr. 

druidical: gen. of Druidae, Druides: 
d. remains, *Druidarum monumenta. 

druidism: Druidum or Druidarum 
discipliua, cf. Caes. B. G. 6, 14, fin. 

drum (suvbs.) : tympanum (¢ambour- 
ine or cymbal): Hor.: Ov.: to beat a 
d., t. pulsare: v. TO BEAT. Kettle-d.s, 
tympana aenea (R. and A.). The d. of 
the ear, *tympanum, quod dicitur, auris. 

drum (v.): Phr.: to d. soldiers out 
of the army, milites cum ignominia 
dimittere, Liv. 

drummer: tympanista (one who 
strikes the cymbal): Apul. : 

drum-stick: perh. (tympani) mal- 
leus, malledlus (hammer). 

drunk or drunken (part. le 

], ébrius (at the time): the fellow 

is d., homo hic e. est, Pl.: cries of d.en 
men, voces ebricrum, Cic.: d.en language, 
e. verba, Mart. Fig.: d. with delicious 


fortune, fortuna dulci e., Hor.: d. with 


the blood of citizens, sanguine civium 
e., Plin. 9, ebridsus (habitually) : 
den and lecherous, e. et mulierosus, 
Cic, ; Cat. 3, témiilentus (in senses 


DRY 


of both the preceding): you are da, 
temulenta es! ‘er.: a den woman, t. 
mulier, Ter.: Cic. 4, vindlentus 
(full of wine): dreams of d.en men, 
vinolentorum somnia, Cic.: d. fury, v. 
furor, Cic. §, expr. by an adj. with 
vinum: vini plenus, Cic.; vino languidus, 
Cic.; vino mersus (dead d.), Liv. = vino 
sepultus, Virg. 6. lividus (in one’s 
cups: poet.): Hor. Phr.: to make a 
man d., vino aliqnem deponere, PL; 
onerare, Liv. (v. TO INTOXICATE): he is so 
d. that he can scarcely keep his eyes open, 
vix prae vino palpebras sustinet, Titius 
in Macr.: to get d., madescere, Front. ; 
nimio marcescere vino, Ov.: do I seem to 
you at all d., ecquid tibi videor madere ? 
PL: slightly d., ebriolus, Pi. 
drunkenly: témiilenter, Col. 
use adj., cf. L. G. § 343.) 
enness: 1, ébriétas (the 
state), Cic.: Sen. Q. ébridsitas (the 
vice), Cic. 3. témiilentia (the state or 
the vice), Plin. 4. vindlentia (the 
vice), Cic. §, (by meton.) vinum: v. 
WINE. 
dry (adj.): |. Without moisture : 
], siccus (not wet): a d. soil, s, 
solum, Quint.: d. days, s. dies, Hor. : 
d. bread, s. panis, Plin.: d. (unwetted) 
Jeet, s. pedes, Ov.: the pitcher stood d. 
(without water), stetit urna s., Hor. 
2. siccaineus (like siccus, but only 
of sol): a d. spot, meadow: locus, 
pratum s., Col. (Ihe form siccinus 
occurs in Plin., of trees grown in a dry 
soil, 16, 17, 29) 3. aridus (dry 
throughout, as fuel; parched): d. wood, 
a. lignum, Pl.: d. fuel, a. nutrimenta 
(ignis), Virg.: a d. (crackling) sound, a. 
sonus, Virg. 4, arens, ntis (—ari- 
dus): Virg.: Tac. §, torridus (dried 
up): a d. spring, fons t., Liv. Phr.: 
to make (drink) d., siccare (Vv. TO DRY): 
to be d., arére, Ov.: Cato: to become d., 
siccescere, Col.: Plin.; arescere, PL: 
Cic. (v. To Dry, B.): that season was 
excessively d., siccitate eo anno plu- 
rimum laboratum est, Liv. See also 
DRIED. Il. Not covered with water ; 
chiefly in phr. d. land: 1. siccum 
(prob. not found in prose except after a 
prep.): on d. land, in sicco, Plin.: the 
(ships’) beaks are on d. land, rostra te- 
nent siccum, Virg. The plur. form sicca 
also occurs. Q, aridum (like preced.)=: 
to haul up ships on d. land, naves in 


(Or 


aridum subducere, Caes.: Ov. I. 
Thirsty : sitiens, siccus: Vv. THIRSTY. 
IV. Uninteresting : ], dridus: 


a d. and sapless style, a. et exsangue 
genus orationis, Auct. Her.: exceed- 
ingly d. treatises, aridissimi libri, Auct. 
Dial. Or.: Cic. (N.B. Not siccus, which 
is rather an epithet of praise; (erse, 
sinewy.) Q. jéjinus: v. MEAGRE. 
3. frigidus (without life or fresh- 
mess): V.FLAT. 4, exsuccus (sapless) : 
Join: (orator) aridus et exsuccus et 
exsanguis, Quint. 5, exsanguis, e: 
v. supr. V. Plain, unembellished: 
siccus, austérus, pressus: V. TEESE, 
Vi. As epith. of a joke, cool and 
cutting : 1, scitus (shrewd): a d. 
saying, 8. (dictum), Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51: 
Tac. Q, perh. austérus: a d. kind of 
humour, *quasi austerum quoddam jo- 
candi genus: v. SEVERE. Vil. As 
epith. of wine, without lusciousness : 
perh. austérus or as softened compar., 
austerior : Vv. SOUR. 
dry (v.): A> Trans: |. 7o 
dispel moisture : 1, sicca, 1 (t re- 
move wetness): the sun ds the dewy 
grass, sol pruinosas s. herbas, Ov.: to d, 
(drain) marshes, paludes s., Cic.: to d, 
and wipe off blood, cruorem s, et de- 
tergere, Gell.: to d. anything in the 
sun, s. aliquid in sole, Plin.: to d. one’s 
tears, lacrimas s., Prop. 9. exsicoo, 
I (like sicco, but stronger): to d. any- 
thing in the sun, ex. aliquid in sole, 


Col: Plin. 3, désicco, 1 (like pre- 
ced.): Pl.: Apul. assicco, I 
(= ssicco): Col. 5, aréficio, fécl, 


factum, 3 (to d. throughout): to be a.'d 

in an oven, arefieri in furno, Plin.: to 

'd. oil-scum, amurcam arfacere (sync.), 
237 


DERN UF 





Cato: Varr. 6, torreo, 2; torréffcio, 
3 (to dry thoroughly, roast): Col. {I 
To wipe away (tears) : 1, abstergeo, 
si, sum, 2: fo d. a friend’s teurs, abs. 
oculos amiculo, Curt.; abs. fletum, Cic. 
9. sicco, 1. v. supr. (1). Phr.: 
d, your tears, ne lacrima, mitte lacrimas ! 
Ter. B. Intrans.: to become d., 
J, siccesco 1 (rare): to lay im the 
sun or in an vver tod., in sole exponere 
aut in furno, ut siccescat, Plin.: Col. 
9, exsiccesco,3: Vitr. 3, aresco, 
3 (to become quite dry, to d. uy): tears 
soon d., cito a. lacrima, Cic.: Plin. 4, 
Inaresco, 3 (=preced.). to d. in the 
sun, in sole in., Plin.: Vitr.: Quint. 
5, sicco, £ (with ellipsis of pron. 
rejl.): Apul. o begin to d., subarescere, 
Vitr. 
dry up: |. Trans.: 4réfacio, 
sicco, exsicco: v. TO DRY (A.). 
Intrans.: aresco, inaresco, 3: V. 
pry (B.). 
Dryad: Dryas, adis, f.: Virg.: Ov. 
dry-eyed: siccis oculis, Hor. Od. 1, 
3, 18. 
dry-land; aridum: v. pry (II.). 
dryness: Lit.: absence of 
moisture : 1, siccitas (most gen. 
tern): such is its d., it crumbles, tanta 
est s., friatur, Plin.: esp. of weather: 
Vv. DROUGHT. 9. ariditas (perfect d.) : 
Plin. 3, aritado, ims, f. (—ariditas: 
rare): Pl.: Varr. I. Fig.: want of 
freshness and interest: 1, perh. arid- 
itas (cf. pry, 1V.: though the subs. 
does not occur in this sense). R 
expr. by aridus: as, d. 0/ style, *aridum 
sermonis (orationis) genus: to aroid d., 
id agere, ne aridus, exsanguisque sermo 
fiat: v. pry. [J], Of humour: Phr.: 
remarkable for the d. of his humour, 
*insignis genere quodam jocandi festivo 
eodemque simulatore (tristitive speciem 
praebente). cf. Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108. 
dry-nurse; nutrix assa: cf. Juv. 
14, 208. 
dry-rot; perb. robigo, inis, f.: v. 
CANKER. 
dry-shod: siccis ped:tus, Ov.: or 
simply siccus : V. DRY. 
dual: dudlis,e: Quint. 
dualism; *dualismus, qui dicitur; 
opinio eorum qui binos devs esse sta- 
tuunt. (Manichaeorum opinio, Mani- 
chaeismus.) 
duality; duplex natura: v. 
FOLD. 
dub: Phr.: he was d.’d a knight, 
*in ordinem equitum adscitus est. 


Il. 
TO 


TWO- 


dubious: diibius; de quo dubitari 
possit: v. DOUBTFUL. 
dubiously:; ambigue, dibie:  v. | 


DOUBTFULLY, AMBIGUOUSLY. 

dubiousness: dubietas: v. 
FULNESS. 

ducal: *diicalis, e: ve Du C, s. v. 
(Or gen. of dux: the d. grounds, ducis 
horti: v. DUKE.) 

ducat: *diicatus, i: v. DuC.,s. v. 

duchess: *diicissa: Rymer in Du C, 

duchy: *diicatus, tis: v. Du C.,s. v. 

duck (subs.): anas, atis, f.: a bevy 
of d.s, anatum grex, Varr.: d.s’ eggs, 
anatum ova, Cic. Dimin,, anaticila, 
Cic. Phr.: to play d.s and drakes, 
testas irrotare super aquam, Min. Fel. : 


VY. DRAKE. (For duck as term of fond- 
ling, V. DARLING.) 
duck (v.): mergo, submergo, de- 


mergo, 3: V. TO DIP, PLUNGE, 

ducking (subs.): Phr.: I'll give 
him a d.in the river, *in flumine de- 
mersum dabo: to get a d. (in the rain), 
*madescere or madefieri pluvia (imbre) : 
v. TO DRENCH. 

duckling: anatictila: Cic. 

duct: foramen, 4pertiira: v. OPEN- 
ING, PASSAGE. 

ductile: ductilis, e (capable of being 
drawn out): Plin. (For fig. sense v. 
DOCILE, PLIABLE.) 

ductility: expr. by adj. (a sub- 
stance) of extreme d., prae aliis ductilis, 
ductilem naturam habens: see also PLI- 
ABILITY. 

dudgeon: Phr.: to tale u thing in 
d., aegre, moleste ferre aliquid, sto- 

238 





| fin.). 


| ex provocatione inita: v. CHALLENGE. 





DOUBT- | 





DULL 


DUMPY 





machari: he takes a fit of d at luxury, 
stomachum illi fecit luxuria, Sen. Ep. 
112, 3: V. VEXED (TO BE); and DISGUST. 

due (adj.): |, Of money: debitus : 
money long d., pecunia jamdiu d., Cic. 
Phr.: to be d., deberi, Cic.: to claim 
money not yet d., ante petere pecnniam 
quam coepta est deberi, Cic.: to pay 
money before it becomes d., pecuniam 
repraesentare, Cic.: to fall d. on acertain 
day, in (certam) diem cadere, Cic. Att. 
15, 20, ad fin.: the money falls d. on the 
13th of Nov., diem pecuniae Id. N ovemb. 
esse, Cic. Att. 10, 5, ad fin. I]. Of 
other things well earned, merited: 1, 
debitus: to render the gratitude d. to 
any one, [justam et] d. gratiam alicui 
referre, Cic.: d. retribution, d. praemia, 
Virg. 9, justus: v. supr. (1), and 
JUST. 3, méritus: d. honours (sacri- 


' fices), m. honores, Virg. Join: meritus 


ac debitus, Cic. 4, iddneus: v. FIT, 
SUITABLE. 5, dignus: v. WORTHY. 
Phr.: to be d. on any one’s part, deberi 
ab aliquo, Cic.: reverence is d. to the 
gods, *deos colere atque vereri oportet - 
in d. foim, rite, Liv.: Cic. 

due (subs.): |. In general sense: 

1, jus, juris, n. (lawful right): v. 

RIGHT (subs.). 2, debitum: to pay 
mature her d., naturae d. reddere, Nep. : 
to demand favours as one’s d., beneficia 
pro debitis exigere, Vic. Phr.: to pay 
every one his d., suum cuique tribuere, 
Cic.: to pay the (last) d.s to any one, 
justa (alicui) sulvere, Nep.: to give slaves 
their d., justa servis praebere, Cic. |]. 
Only in pl., imposts: port-d.s, porto- 
rium, portoria (pl.): Cic.: Hirt.: heavy 
d.s, magna portoria, Caes. : pasture d.s, 
scriptura, Cic : v. TAX. 

due (adv.): i.e. exactly in the direc- 
tion of : recta (sc. via) v. DIRECT (adv.) 
Phr.: to steer d. west, *ipsum occi- 
dentem petere, cf. L. G. § 376. 

uel: 1, singilare certamen 

(single combat), Flor. (but v. COMBAT, 
2. more precisely, *pugna 


Phr.: to kill an enemy in a d. (lit. by 
challenge). hostem ex provocatione in- 
terimere, Vell.: Plin.: to challenge any 
one to a d., provocare aliquem ad pug- 
nam: V. TO CHALLENGE. 

duelling: *mos ex provocatione 
dimicandi: v. preced. art. 

duet; bicinium: ‘‘quum duo canunt 
bicinium appellatur,” Isid. Phr.: to 
perform ds, *binos cantare (fidibus, 
etc.) canere. 


dug (subs.): 1, itiber, éris, 7.: 


the ds of a mare, equina u., Hor.: v. 


TEAT. Q. papilla: v. NIPPLE. 
dug (part. adj.) : fossilis, e: d. salt, 
f. sal, Varr.: Plin. 
duke: dux, diicis: M. L. 
dukedom: *diicatus, is: v. Du C., 


Ss. V. 
dulcet (adj.): dulcis, mellifluus: v. 
SWEET. 
dulcimer: perb. sambica: Pers.: 
Macr. 
dull (adj.): |. Of colours, opp. to 
bright : 1, hébes, étis: a d. colour, 
color h., Ov.: Plin.: an eye naturally 
d., h. natura oculus, Plin. 2. rémis- 
sus: @ somewhat d. colour, color re- 
missior, Sen. N. Q. 1, 1,6: a der kind 
of carbuncle, remissior carbuncuius, 
Plin. 8. surdus: a d. colour, s. 
color, Plin. 4, languidus: v. FAINT. 
See also DIM. I]. Of cutting instru- 
ments, not shaawp: hébes: v. BLUNT. 
II]. Of sounds, low, heavy: Phr.: 
a d. murmur, caecum murmur, Virg. : 
d. (heavy) blows, surdi ictus, Plin.: 
Quint. IV. Of the sky or weather, 
overcast : nubilus, subnibilus, caligind- 
sus: v. CLOUDY, DARK. V. Of the 
mind, wanting quickness of perception : 
], tardus: a d. mind, t. ingenium, 
Cic.: naturally somewhat d., natura 
tardior, Cic. Join: (sensus) hebetes, 
tardi, pingues, Cic. 2. hébes, étis: 
somewhat d. ears, keen eyes, aures hebe- 
tiores, oculos acres et acuti, Cic.: @ d. 
mind, h.ingenium, Cic. : v. STUPID. 3. 
obtusus (esp. used of sight: Vv. DIM): to 





be of naturally d. mind, ob. ingenio 
esse, Gell.: Cic. Phr.: to render d 
hebetare (v. foll. art.): to grow d, 
hebescere, Cic.: d. at love’s work, fri- 
gidus in Venerem, Virg. Vi. Unin- 
teresting, wanting life or freshness: 
]. frigidus: d., forced jokes, f. et 
arcessiti joci, Suet.. Cic.: d. business, 
f. negotia, Plin. Ep. 2. insulsus (lit. 
insipid: q. v.): Cie. is fond of using 
the word with a negative: a kind of 
jest that is by no means d., now ins. 
wenus (ridiculi), de Or. 2, 64, 259: @ d. 
fellow, *ins. caput: Vv. RELLOW. Vil. 
In low spirits: tristis, subtristis; animo 
demisso, fracto: v. SAD, MELANCHOLY, 
DEJECTED, Miscell. Phr.: ad. mar- 
ket, *mercatus infrequens (tll-attended), 
frigidior (cf. supr. VI.,1): Caesar had 
met with a d. reception, Caesar mortuo 
plausu venerat, Cic. 
dull (v.): |, To take off the bright- 
ness of : obsciro, hébéto, 1: v. TO DIM, 
SULLY. ||. Yo take off the edge or 
keenness of : 1, hébéto, 1: v. To 
BLUNT, 2, obtundo, stipéfacio, 3: v. 
TO DEADEN. 
dullard: homo britus. bardus, blen- 
nus: V. STUPID, FOOL, BLOCKHEAD. 
dully: 1, languidé: v. FAINTLY. 
2, frigidé (v. DULL, VI., 1): Cic.: 
Quint. 
dulness: |, Ofcolours,etc.: 1, 
hébétatio: v. DIMNESS. 2. languor: 
d. of jewels, 1. gemmarum, Plin.: v. 
FAINTNESS. 3. fuscitas (any dark 
hue): Apul. []. Of the mind. slow- 
ness of perception: 1, tarditas: d. 
of wit, t. ingenii, Cic. Q. stipiditas: 
v.sTUPIDITY. 3, insulsitas (esp. want 
oj taste): Cic. II]. Lack of interest : 
1. taedium: v. WEARISOMENESS. 
2, perh. insulsitas: cf. Att. 13, 29 
(insulsitas villae). 3, expr. by adj. 
or verb: the d. of this place ts astonish- 
ing, *incredibile est quam hic omnia 
refrigescant: what can exceed the d. of 
Ulubrae, *Ulubiis quid desertius esse 
potest? nothing can exceed the d. of the 
book, *hoc libro nil potest esse insulsius : 
Vv. DULL, FLAT. 
duly: 1, rité (according to cere- 
monial or precedent): Liv.: Virg. 2, 
sdlemniter ov sollemniter (o7 -enniter : 
like rite). all the ceremonies having 
been d. performed, omnibus s. peractis, 


Liv.: Plin. 3. recté, ut par est: v. 
RIGHTLY, PRUs ERLY. 
dumb: 1, mitus (prop. of per- 


sons with defect of speech: also in gen. 
sense): d. by nature, naturaliter m., 
Plin.: d. brutes, m. pecudes, Cic.: d. 
fishes, m. pisces, Hor.: d. arts (as paint- 
ing), m. artes, Cic. 2. élinguis, e: 
(having nothing to say): V. SPEECHLESS. 
(Cic. joins mutum forum, elinguem cur- 
iam, in Sen. 3, 6.) 3. infans, ntis (as 
aninfant, or from modesty) : V.SPEECH- 
LEss. 4. linguae usu défectus (having 
lost the power of speech): Val. Max. 
Phr.: to be struck d. (fig.), obmutes- 
cere, Cic.: to signify anything in d. 
show, aliquid gestu significare, Ov. 

dumb-bells: perhaps libramenta 
(weights used to balance anything). 

dumb-founder: obstipéfacio, 3: 
v. TO CONFOUND. To be d.’d, obmutes- 
cere, Cic. 
5 dumbly: use adj. mitus. cf. L. G. 

343- 

dumbness : 1, expr. by mutus: 
d. is better than foolish tallcing, satius 
est mutum esse quam vana loqui: vy. 
DUMB. 2. *fandi impdtentia, Bau. in 
Kr. 8, infantia linguae, Lucr. Phr. 
he was seized with d., *defecit ei linguae 
usus; vocis usus (repente) interemptus 
est: to cure d., *mutis mederi: Vv. DUMB, 

dummy: *mita persona (an actor 
who has nothing to speak), Kr. 

dumb-show: (mutus) gestus, is 
V. GESTURE. 

dumpish; subtristis, e: v. DULL 
(VIL.). 

dumvling; *farinae subactae globu- 
us. 

dumpy: brevis atque obesus, Suet 
vit. Hor. ad jin 


DUN 


dun (adj.): 


7: perh, fuscus (pecora nigra aut 


DUSKY 


|. Of a dull brown *nfansuram credis eam amicitiam? such | 


is the d. of the timber, *tam firma tam-_ 


fusca, Plin. 31, 2, 10), or ribidus: v.| que durabilis est materies, etc.: v. DUR- 
BROWN. (Not gilvus, which is a yellow- | aBLE and TO ENDURE. 


tsk colour.) ||. In gen. sense, dark : 
1. fuscus: the d. wings (of night), 
f. alae, Virg.: d. clouds, ft. nubila, Ov. 
2, furvus (= fuscus: poet.): Hor. 
3. ater (stronger than the Eng.): 
¥. DARK, GLOOMY. 
dun (subs.): i.e. an importunate 
creditor: flagitator, Pl.: Gell. 
dun (v.): flagito, 1 (to demand any- 
thing importunately) : ct. “ interim quo- 
tidie Caesar Aeduos frumentum flagit- 
are,” Caes. B. G. 1, 16: V. TO DEMAND. 
dunce: homo stipidus, bardus, blen- 
nus, ete.: Zopyrus pronounced Socrates 
ad., Zopyrus stupidum esse et bardum 
dixit Socratem, Cic.: Vv. FOOL, BLOCK- 
HEAD. 
dunder-pate: perh. baro, dnis, m. : 
Cic. Fin. 2, 23, 76. 
dung (subs.): 1, stercus, dris, n. 
(of all kinds of animals): horse d., s. 
equinum, Varr.: doves’ d., s. colum- 
binum, Varr.: Plin.: Cic.: Vv. MANURE. 
2. fimus or timum (a less offensive 
word than stercus : also used of slippery 
mud, Virg. A. 5, 332): they use cow-d. 
instead of fire-wood, f. bubulo pro lignis 
utuntur, Liv.: Plin. 3, merda (esp. 
of birds or smaller animals: often pl.) : 
to have one’s head soiled with birds’-d., 
merdis caput inquinari corvorum, Hor. : 
Phaedr. Phr.: to count a thing but d., 
*aliquid pro nihilo habere ; vili, flocci, 
pendere: v.To VALUE. (The Vulg. has 
arbitror ut stercora, Philipp. iii. 8.) 
dung ee |, To emit the faeces : 
cico,1: Hor.: Phaedr. |. 70 manure: 
stercéro, 1: 


v. TO MANURE. 

dungeon: 1, carcer, éris, m.: 
Vv. PRISON. 2, robur, dris, m. (the 
inner keep of a prison): to die in the 
gloom of a d.,in r. et in tenebris ex- 
spirare, Liv. 38, 59, fin.: the d. of the 
state prison at Rome was called ‘Tulli- 
anum, sc. robur, Sall. Cat. 55: Apul. 

3, ergastiilum (for slaves): Cic.: 

Liv. Phr.: to be thrown intoad., in 
vincula conjici, Cic. 

dung-hill: |. Lit.: 1. ster- 
quilinium: Proy.: every cock is master 
on his own d., gallus in s. suo plurimum 
potest, Sen.: Varr.: Col. 2. fime- 
tum: Plin. |], Fig.: an exceedingly 
base condition: born on a d., infimo 
loco natus, Cic.: to wallow on a d., in 
coeno volvi, Lucr. 3, 77: as term of 
gross abuse, stercus (e. g. curiae), cf. 
Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 164. 

duodecimal: duédénarius, Varr. 

dupe (v.): 1, ducto, 1 (“to lead 
by the nose’’): to d. uny one by arti- 
jices, aliquem dolis d., Pl. 9. lacto, 
1: Vv. TO CAJOLE. 8. décipio, 3: v. 
TO DECEIVE, 4, ludifico, 1: v. To 
FOOL. 

dupe (subs.): (homo) crédiilus: J 
am ready enough to be imposed upon in 
this matter, and become a d., verba mibi 
dari facile patior in hoc, meque libenter 
praebeo c., (ic.: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 5, 9. 
Phr.: to use a man as your d., ludibrio 
aliquem habere: v. LAUGHING-STOCK. 

duplicate (subs.): exemplum, ex- 
emplar: the d. of a will, tabulue testa- 
menti alterae, eodem exemplo, Cues. 
B..C. 3, 108: there is a d. of that work 
in the library, *ejus libri bina exsistunt 
in bibliotheca exemplaria: v. COPY. 

duplication: duplicatio: Sen. 

duplicity: fallficia: v. DECEITFUL- 
Ness. (Or expr. by adj., to tell of the d. 
of Ulysses, duplicem memorare Ulyssem, 
ef. Hor. Od. 1, 6, 7. 

durability: 1, firmitas: d. of 
buildings, f. aedificiorum, Vitr.: Caes. 

2. stabilitas: to have some d. (ot 

opinions which have stood), aliquid sta- 
bilitatis habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85: d. 
of fortune, s. fortunae, Cic.: v. STED- 
FASTNESS. 3, perpétuitas~ to secure 
the d. of records, ad p. monumentorum, 
Plin.: v. PERPETUITY. 4. very oft. 
better expr. by verb or adj.: do you 
believe in the a. of that friendship, 





durable: 1. firmus (having firm- 
ness and strength of structure): Vv. 
FIRM, STRONG. 2, stAbilis, e (not in 
a material sense) Join: firmi et sta- 
biles et constantes (amici), Cic.: v. STED- 
FAST. 8. pérennis, e (in this sense 
esp. poet.): @ monument move d. than 
brass, Monumentum aere perennius, 
Hor. : d. adamant, p. adamas, Ov. , 
perpétuus (uninterrupted, never-ending ; 
life-long): Join: firma et perpetua 
amicitia, Cic.: v. PERPETUAL, EVERLAST- 
ING. 5, manstirus: v. ABIDING. 
dirabilis (of a nature tolast): Ov. 7. 
solidus : v. SUBSTANTIAL. 

durably : firmé, firmiter; stabuiter, 
solidé: v. FIRMLY. 

durance: custodia; vinciila, carcer: 
V IMPRISONMENT. 

duration: |, The act or state of 
enduring : expr. by verb: he prophesied 
the d. of the Trojan war, * praedixit 
quot annos duraturum esset bellum 
Trojanum : nor was its d. long, *nec diu 
permansit : v. TO ENDURE. I. The 
period of time itself: 1, spatium 
the d. of past time, sp. praeteriti tempor- 
is, Cic.: in so long a d. of time, tam 
longo sp., Cic.: v. SPACE. 2, tempus, 
dris, n.: to fix a limit to the d. (of an 
office), modum temporis imponere, Liv. : 
the d. of a year, annuum t., Cic.: v. 
TIME, PERIOD. 8. (long d.), dititurni- 
tas: not so much by the greatness of the 
office as by its (long) d., non tam mag- 
nitudine honoris quam diuturnitate, 
Liv.: the long d. of the war, d. belli, 
Nep.: Cic. 4, longinquitas (like 
preced.): v. LENGTH. 5, perpétuitas, 
pérennitas: v. PERPETUITY. Phr.: of 
long, short, d., diiitinus, or diitturnus, 
brevis (v. LONG, SHORT): an office of a 
year’s d., annuum imperium, Liv. ; of 
half a year’s d., semestre imp., Liv. 

during: 1. pér (throw,hout, in 
the course of : with acc.): d. night, per 
noctem, Liv, : d. sleep, per somnum, Cic. : 
d. the (entire) space of three years, per 
triennium, Cic. 9. inter (while some- 
thing is going on: with acc.): this I 
have dictated d. supper, haec inter 
coenam dictavi, Cic.: d. the early stages 
(ef a complaint), inter initia, principia, 
Cels.: d. the drinking, inter pocula, 


Virg. 8, siiper (like inter, but rare: 
with acc.): d. supper, 8s. coenam, Plin. 
Ep.: Curt. 4, in (at a point of time 


im: With abl.): v. IN. 5, (before a 
verbal subs.) dum, with pres. tense of 
corresponding verb: d. these pi epara- 
tions, transactions, debates, dum haec 
parantur, aguntur, agitantur, etc.: v. 
L. G. $393. 6, expr. by abl. absol. : d. 
the consulate of Marius, Mario consule, 
Cic.: d. the king’s pleasuie, *durante 
(regis) bene placito: d. his lifetime, 
*vivo ipso, etc. Phr.: d. sleep (esp. 
with ref. to dreams), secundum quietem 
(but also, in quiete), Cic.: d. the in- 
terval, interea, interim (Vv. MEANWHILE) : 
he delivered the letter d. supper, coenan- 
tibus nobis epistolam vulit, Cic.. to do a 
thing d. sleep, aliquid dormientem facere, 
Cic.: d. vine campaigns, novem westati- 
bus, Vell.: Tac.: d. the day-time, inter- 
diu, Caes.: d. the night, noctu, (aes, 

dusk (subs.): ], crépusctilum 
(evening as opp. to morning tu tight) : 
Pl.: Ov.: Vv. TWILIGHT. 2, obscurum 
(esp. after a prep.) : in the d. of night, 
sub obscurum noctis, Virg.: im the d. 
of early dawn, obscuro adbuc coeptae 
lucis, Tac.: v. DARK. Phr.: from 
dawn to d., ad umbram solis ab ortu, 
Hor.: at d., vespere, vesperi (Vv. EVEN- 
ING): a guest drops in at d., vespertinus 
te opprimit hospes, Hor. 

dusk (v.): vespérascit, 3 (impers.): 
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 7- 

duskiness: color fuscus, subfuscus, 
pullus: v. next art. 

dusky: 1, fuscus (also poet. 
furvus, Hor.): d. suite (of Aethiopians), 
f. comites, Tib.; d. wings (of night), f. 


6. | 





DUTY 


alae, Virg.: v. DARK. 2, pullus 
(nearer to black than fuscus): a d. 
victim (offered to magic deities), p. 
hostia, lib.: d. spots (on a ram), p. ma- 
culae, Virg.: a d. toga (worn as mourn- 
ing), toga p., Cic. 3. niger, gra, 


grum: Vv. SWARTHY, BLACK. 4, sub- 
nige*: V. BLACKISH. 

dust (subs.): 1, pulvis, éris (m., 
less ireq. f.: in most senses of Eng.): 


to raise d., p. Movere, Quint; p. ex- 
citare, Col.: to lay d. by sprinkling 
water on the ground, humum consper- 
gendo p.sedare, cf. Pha: dr. 2, 5, 15, 8gq-: 
to shake off d., p. excutere, Hor.: @ 
great deal of d., niultus p, Cic.: a cloud 
of d., pulveris nubes, Curt. (also pul- 
verea nubes, Virg.): covered with d., 
pulvere sparsus, haedr.. charcoal d., 
carbonis p.,Ov. Fig.: veare butd. and 
shadow, p.et unibra sumus, Hor, Limein. 
pulvisctilus, fine small d., PL: Apul. 
9. scobs, scbis; or scdbis, is, f. (d. 

produced by saving, filing): ivory d., 
scobis eboris, Cels.; 8s. eburnea, Col: 
Juv.: v.sawDust. Pbhr.: covered with 
d., pulveruleutus (v. DUSTY): having 
one’s eyes sore with sooty d., tuligine 
lippus, Juv. Fig.: lo bite the d., 
(turpe) solum tangere, Hor.; bumum 
ore mordere, Virg. (o throw d. in the 
eyes of the jury, tenebras offundere judi- 
cibus in causa, Cic. in Quint. 2, 19, 21: 
in sim. sense, verborum et argutiarum 
fuliginem ob oculus audientium jacere, 
Gell. 1, 2 fin. (v. TO IMPUSE ON): lo kick 
ea a d., convicium facere, \umultuari, 
ae 

dust (v.): i.e. to clean by removing 
dust : , détergeo, extergeo: v. TO 
BRUSH. 9, verru, 3: Vv. TO SWEEP. 

duster: perh. penicilus: v. BRUSH. 

dustiness: expr. by pulvis or pul- 
verulentus: on account of the d. of the 
roads, *quod tantus in viis pulvis erat ; 
quod tam pulverulentae erant viae: v. 
DUST, DUSTY. 

dustman: perh. scoparius (sweeper): 
Ulp. Dig. 33, 7. 8. 

dusty: 1, pulvériilentus: ad, road, 
via p., Cic.: a d. (and so hot) summer, 
p. aestas, Virg. 2%, pulvérens: the d. 
ground, p. solum, Ov.: Stat. (but the 
word denotes, strictly, made of dust, 
relating todust). 3, pulvéris plénus: 
Gell. Phr.: all d. and perspiring, pul- 
vere ac sudore perfusus, Curt. ; sparsus 
pulvere (ac) sudore multo diffiuens, 
Phaedr. 

duteous, dutiful: 1, pius (duti- 
Sully affectionate): d. to one’s purents, 
p. in parentes, Cic. d fear (of a wife 
on behalf of her husband), p. metus, 
Ov.- Vv. AFFECTIONATE. 9. officidsus 
(full of kind and respectful attentions): 
d. attentions, of. sedulitas, Hor.: @ mo- 
dest and d. person, homo pudens et of., 
Cic. 3, odbédiens, ntis (with dat.): 
V. OBEDIENT, SUBMISSIVE. 4, obsé- 
quens (disposed to yield to: with dat.). 
Vy. COMPLIANT. Phr.: a. affection, pie- 


tas, Cic.: Vv. DUTLFULNESS. B 
duteously. dutifully: | 1 ple: 
Cic. , Officidsé . Cic. 8, dbédi- 


enter, Liv. (For syn. see DUTIFUL.) — 
dutifulness : 1, piétas: justice 
towards the gods is called religion, to- 
wards parents d., justitia ergu deos reli- 
giv, erga parentes p. appellatur, Cic.: it 
is elsewhere detined by Cic, as voluntas 


grata in parentes, Planc. 33, #0. 2. 
bbédientia: Vv. OBEDIENCE. 3, officia, 
orum (plur. for abstract): ef. L. G. 
§ 591. 

duty: |. Moral obligation : I: 


officium (the most comprehensive term): 
to satisfy the call of d., officiv satistfacere, 
Cic.: to neglect d., of. praetermittere, 
negligere, deserere, Cic. ; officie suo de- 
esse, Cic.: it is a breach of d., contra 
of. est, Cic. The abstract sense may be 
more fully expr. by plur.: thus Cic.’s 
treatise on duly or moal obligation is 
entitled “de officiis”: cf. Cic. Att. 16, 
IG. 9, miinus, éris, n. (an allotted 
d. or task): to discharge a d., munere 
perfungi, Cic.: Liv. : v. TASK, FUNCTION, 
In pl., munia, orum, is often used: the 
239 


DUUMVIR 


——————— ee 


ds of candidates, munia candidatorum, 
Cic.: Tac. 3, (after to be) expr. by 
gen., with ellipsis of officium, etc.: 7é 7s 
the d. of a judge, a commander, judicis, 
imperatoris est: v. L. G. § 266. (But 
for it is my, your d., meum, tuum est, 
{b. Obs. 2.) 4, (like preced.) expr. 
by Sportet, 2 (with acc. and infin.) : 
whom it was our d. to have put to death, 
quos trucidari oportebat, Cic.: contrary 
to d., contra atque oportet, Cic.: Vv. 
ouGHT.  |j, An act of respectful atten- 
tion: Phr.: to pay one’s d. to the gods, 
deos salutare, Cic.: Ter. (Vv. RESPECTS, 
COMPLIMENT) : to pay the last d.s to any 
one, justa alicui solvere, Cic.; also justa 
facere, Sall.: for justa we find also ex- 
trema munera, Val. Fl.; and suprema 
officia, Tac. I. Afilitary responsi- 
bility: Phr.: to be on d. (mount 
guard), stationem agere, Tac.; in sta- 
tione manere, Ov.: also, excubias agere, 
Tac.; excubare, Cic.: v. WATCH, GUARD. 
IV. An impost : vectigal, alis, ”.: 
to pay d., v. pendére, Cic.: to release 
from d., vectigali liberare, Cic.: to lay 
‘ad. on anything, alicui rei v. imponere, 
Cic.: v. DUE (LI.), TAX. 
duumvir: duumvir, viri, Liv. Be- 
longing to such, duumyiralis, e, Ulp. 
duumvirate; duumviratus, is, Plin. 


un. 

dwarf (subs.): 1, pimilio (pi- 
milo, Stat.), Gnis, c.: Sen. D.-plants, 
pumiliones, Plin. 2, pumilus: Suet. : 
Stat. 3, nanus (f. nana, Lampr.): 
Juv.: Prop. (This last word is also 
used in botanical sense, as phaseolus 
nanus, Linn.) 

dwarf (v.): perh. curto, 1: v. TO 
stunt. Fig.: in the presence of such 
vast objects, man is d.’d, *prae tanta 
magnitudine hominesquantuli videmur! 

dwarfish: 1, pumilus: cf. Suet. 
Aug. 83: a compar. pumilior occurs in 
Apul. Q, piisillus: v. LITTLE. Phr: 
such d. men, homines tantulae staturae, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 30. 


dwarfishness : 
ef. preced. art. 


* pusilla statura: 


dwell: |. Toliveinaplace: 1, 
habito, 1: to d. by the road-side, h. in 


via, Cic. : to d. in anybody’s house, apud 
aliquem h., Cic.: v. TO LIVE. Fig.: 
the mind d.s in the eyes, animus h. in 
oculis, Plin.; what fear of ill can d. in 
a happy life, qui potest h. in vita beata 
mali metus? Cic. Q, incdlo, ui, ltum, 
3 (esp. of tribes or nations) : they d. be- 
yond the Rhine, trans Ruenum incolunt, 
Caes.: Neptune who dwells in the salt 
ions, Neptunus qui salsis locis inc., 
(N.B. In Cic. incolo is always 
trans.: Vv. TO INHABIT.) 3, commodror, 
1 (temporarily): Vv. TO STAY, RESIDE. 
4, expr. by domicilium, and less 
freq. ddmus or sédes: to d. at Rome, 
Romae domicilium habere, Cic.: not to 
be allowed to ad. in the city, urbis domi- 
Cilio carere, Cic.: they d. under ground, 
quibus subterraneae sunt domus, Plin.: 
not to have a settled place to d. in, 
sedem stabilem et domicilium certum 
non habere, Cic.: v. ABODE, DWELLING- 
PLACE. fi, Fig.: to dwell on or upon 
a subject: 1, commiror, £ (to linger 
upon a point): to d. any longer upon a 
theme, diutius in aliquo loco ¢., Cic. 
Att. 11, 7, 2. Join: versare multis 
modis eandem rem; haerere in eadem 
commorarique sententia, Cic. de Or. 40, 
137. 9, immoror, 1: to d. upon a 
subject, in aliqua re im., Quint. 3 
moror, 1 (in this sense poct.): why d. 
on trifles, quid moror in parvis? Ov. 
4, haereo, si, sum, 2: Cic. (v. supr. 
1): 5, habito, 1 (in connexion 
with other words): Join: (ibi) com- 
morari, haerere, habitare, Cic. Or 25725 
292. 6. prdséquor, sécitus, 3 (to 
pursue a subject: with acc.) : not to d. 
longer upon the subject, ne longius (rem) 
prosequamur, Cic.: v. TO PURSUE. il. 
To lengthen in pronunciation, to lay the 
stress of the voice upon: 1, prodico, xi, 
ctum, 3: Ov.: Quint.: v. TO LENGTHEN. 
9, tractim pronuntio, 1 (= pro- 
duco, to lengthen): V. LONG 
240 


Pl. 





















EACH EAGERNESS 


dweller: incdla; or in oblique Gases, 
pres. part. of habito, incdlo, v. INHA- 
BITANT. 
dwelling-place: _ 1. domicilium 
(either of an individual or a nation): 
to choose one’s d., locum domicilio de- 
ligere, Caes. Fig.: of the body, as the 
d. of the mind, Vell. 2, 69. Join: 
sedes ac domicilium, Cic. 9. sédes, 
is, f.: Vv. ABODE (and cf. supr. 1). y 
démus: v. HOUSE,HOME. 4, habitatio, 
habitactilum: vy. HABITATION. 
dwindle: 1, dilabor, lapsus, 3: 
the army soon d.d away, exercitus brevi 
dilabitur, Sall.: v. TO WASTE AWAY. 
9, exténuor, 1: billets that have 
dd in size, extenuatae sortes, Liv. 
Fig.: my hope d.s and fades away, 
spes nostra extenuatur et evanescit, Cic. 
3, tabesco, 3 (to waste, as with dis- 
ease): Join: maceror, consenesco, ta- 
pesco [miser], Pl.: v. TO PINE AWAY. 
4, décresco, minuor: v. TO DE- 
CREASE. 
dye (v.): J, tingo or tinguo, xi, 
ctum, 3: wool double d.d in purple, 
lanae bis murice tinctae, Hor.: to d. the 
hair, comam t., Ov.: to d. purple, pur- 
puram t. (to impart the colour by dye- 
ing), Plin. Fig.: a modest blush as 
the eheel, verecundus t. ora pudor, Ov. 
2. inficio, féci, fectum, 3: to d 
purple, purpuram inf., Plin.: the Britons 
d. their skin with woad, Britanni se 
vitro inf.,Caes.: v.TOSTAIN. 3. fuco, 
1 (strictly to colour red): to d. wool 
with Assyrian drugs, lanam Assyrio f. 
veneno, Virg.: Claud. Phr.: tod. the 
hair, capillos medicare, Ov. : fleeces d.d 
at Aquinum, Aquinatem potantia vel- 
lera fucum, Hor.: to be d.d various 
colours, varios mentiri colores, Virg. 
dye (subs.) : 1. tinctiira: Plin. 34, 
to, 46, 2. 9. expr. by tingo (v. 
preced, art.): to impart a blue, a purple, 
d., caeruleum, purpuram tingere, Plin.: 
the woad-plant is an excellent d. for 
blue, *vitro caeruleus optime tingitur 
color, 3. fiicus (red-d.): Hor.: Ov. 
4, vénenum: v.10 pDyE(3). 9, in- 
fector succus: that well-known purple d., 
purpurarum infector ille s., Plin. 11, 3, 2. 
dyeing: 1, tinctira: Plin. a 
infectus, us: Plin. (Or expr. by ger. of 
tingo, inficio: very useful for d., ad 
tingendum utilissimus: v. TO DYE.) 
dyer: 1, infector: Cic. 9. 
tinctor: Vitr. 3. (except in nom. 
sing.: v. L. G. § 638) pres. part. of 
tingo: ds’ shops, tingentium officinae, 
Plin. 4, bapheus (Sadevs): Imp. Cod. 
Ad. in purple, purpurarius, Inscr.; 7 
matlow-colour, molochinarius, Pl. 
dye-room: tinctorium: v. Fore. s. v. 
dye-stuff: *res ad tingendum utilis. 
dye-wood: lignum infectorium (in- 
fectivum), Plin. (in R. and A.). 
dynamics: *dynamica (sc. ars, sci- 
entia): as strictly tech. term. 
dynastic; ad regiam domum per- 
tinens. 
dynasty: domus, is, /. (with some 
word in the context to define it): under 
the Flavian d., potiente rerum Flavia 
d., Tac. Phr.: the d. of the Caesars 
became extinct with Nero, progenies Cae- 
sarum in Nerone defecit, Suet.: he 
laboured to found a d., *id egit ut do- 
mus (progenies) sua regnum teneret. 
dysentery; dysentéria: Plin. Suf- 
fering from d., dysentericus, Plin. 
dyspepsia: cruditas, dyspepsia: v. 
INDIGESTION. 
dyspeptic: 1. cridus: Hor. 2 
cachecticus (with bad bodily habit), Plin 
dysury: dysuria: Plin. Suffering 
from d., dysuriacus, Firmic. 


E. 
comp. A, 


9 each : |. Of two: tterque, 
utraque, utrumque (for constr. v. 
BOTH, 4). very much attached toe. of us, 
amantissimus utriusque nostrum, Cic. 
I. Gf any number: 1, tnus- 


quisque (L. G. § 82: each one singly, 
opp. to universi): the interest of e. in- 
dividual and of all together, uniuscu- 
jusque et universorum utilitas, Cic. : 
T will touch slightly om e. point, unum- 
quodque leviter tangam, Cic. 2, quis- 
que (L. G. § 82: less emphatic than 
preced., and rarely first in its sentence) : 
what hath fallen to the lot of e., that 
let e. keep, quod cnique obtigit, id quis- 
que teneat, Cic.: with gen., @. day, 
quisque dierum, Hor.: v. EVERY ONE 
8. singiili, ae, a (one by one; taken 
singly): he appointed two censors for 
e. state, describebat censores binos in s 
civitates, Cic.: twelve jugers e., duodena 
in s. homines jugera, Cic.: v. A (LV. 
4, omnis, e: v. EVERY. Phr.: t 
love e. other, inter se amare (diligere) 
Cic.: they disparaged e. other, obtrec- 
tarunt inter se, Nep.: that e may love 
e. other, ut invicem diligamus, Plin. : 
to be interchanged with e. other, permu- 
tari invicem, Quint.: e. year (yearly), 
quotannis, Cic.: Virg.: e. day, quotidie 
GS DAILY); quotquot eunt dies (poet.), 
or. 
eager: |. Desirous: 1, avidus 
(usu. with gen.) : e. for praise, a. laudis, 
Cic.; also with in and acc.: minds ¢ 
for novelty, in res novas avida ingenia, 
Liv.: Cic.: less freq. with inf., Ov.: 
Plin.; v. DEsrRous. Q, cupidus (with 
gen.): less strong than preced.. v. DE- 
SIROUS. 3. appétens (disposed to aim 
after, seek: also with gen.); Cic.: Tac. 
4, stiididsus: v. ZEALOUS. 5. 
impensus (with words denoting desire) : 
e. desire, im. cupido, cupiditas: v. EAR- 
nest. To be e. for anything, cupere, 
avére, etc.: Vv. TO DESIRE, I]. Zm- 
petuous, spirited : 1, cer, acris, 
acre: @ most e. champion, acerrimus 
defensor, Cic.: v. SPIRITED, ALERT. ‘ 
promptus (ready; on the alert): he 
commends the e., chides the more slug- 
gish, laudat promptos, segniores casti- 
gat, Caes.: Sall. 3, intentus (charac- 
terized by effort and attention): e. and 
energetic speech, oratio int. et vehemens, 
Cic.: e. attention, int. animus, Caes.: 
V. INTENT. 
eagerly: 1, Avidé (for syn. v. 
EAGER): to catch at e., a. arripere, Cic. 
2. cipidé: to read anything very 
e., aliquid cupidissime legere, Sen.: Cic. 
3, enixé (using all one’s efforts) : 
to do anything not only obediently, but 
e. aliquid non obedienter modo sed e. 
facere, Liv.: e. to take up a person's 
cause, causam alicujus e. suscipere, Cic. 
4, intenté (with effort and atien- 
tion): to seek more e., intentius petere, 
Auct. Her.: to expect very e., intentis- 
sime exspectare, Lampr. §, stiidiose: 
Vv. ZEALOUSLY. G6, acriter (with 
spirit): e. to enter the fray, a. pugnam 
inire, Liv.: Sall. ‘7, impensé (—gveat- 
ly: hence in present sense, only with 
verbs of emotion): to desire more é., 
magis impense cupere, Ter.: Cic. 8. 
appétenter (with desire or appetite for 
something ; covetously: rare): Cic.: 
Apul. 9. Most of the adjj. under 
EAGER may be used adverbially acc. to 
L. G. § 3433 esp. avidus, intentus, 
cupidus: J e. set about building the 
walls, avidus molior muros, Virg.: they 
e. await the signal, intenti exspectant 
signum, Virg.: they e. fixed their eyes 
upon (him), intenti ora tenebant, Virg. 
But in this way cannot be used im- 
pensus or appetens. Phr.: to desire e.. 
avere, gestire. Vv. TO LONG FOR. 
eagerness: |, Hager desire: 4. 
viditas: e. for food, a. cibi, Cic.; a. ad 
cibos, Plin.: inexhaustible e. for read- 
ing, inexhausta legendi a., Cic. 2 
ciipiditas: v. DESIRE. 3. appétentia 
(less strong than the Eng.): Vv. APPETITE. 
4, stiidium: to be inflamed with 
e., ardere studio, Cic.: Vv. DESIRE, PAS- 
SION. 5, expr. by adjj. under EAGER: 
that you may understand my e. to see 
you, *ut intelligas quam sim avidus tui 
videndi, etc. I]. Jmpetuosity : 
ardor: the e. of soldiers demanding 
battle, a. militum pugnam deposcen- 











































EAGLE 






tium, Suet.: Liv.: Cic.: v. ARDOUR. 

Q, Alacritas (liveliness, brisiness) : 
the e. of hounds in hunting, canum a. 
jn venando, Cic.: e. for defending the 
commonwealth, a. reipublicae detenden- 


dae, Cic. 8. impétus, fs: v. m- 
PETUOSITY. 
eagle: |. The bird: aquila, f.: 


Hor.: Cic.: a male e., *a. mas. Par- 
ticular species are, the black e., me- 
lanaétos, m., or Valeria (sc. aquila), 
Plin.: ving-tailed e., pygargus, m. (Vv. 
Forcell. s. v.), Plin.: the vulture-shaped 
é., percnoptérus, m., or oripelargus, 
m., Pliv.: the sea-e., haliaeetus (bh. 
albicilla, Yarrell), m., Plin.: Ov-~ Virg.: 
the golden e., aquila chrysaétas, Cycl. 
Il. The standard: aquila, f.: the 
e. of the 1oth legion, a. decimae legionis, 
Caes.: Plin. Phr.: an e.-bearer, aqui- 
lifer, éri: Caes. 
eagle-eyed: *aquilino aspectu, aqui- 
linum aspectum habens or gerens: cf. 
Apul. 2, p.115. Less precisely, aspectu 
vehementi et formidabili, luminibus 
oculorum acribus, Gell. 14, 4.med. 
eagle-stone: aetites, ae,m.: Plin. 
eaglet: pullus (sc. aquilae, aqui- 
linus): Phaedr. 
ear (subs.): |. The organ of hear- 
ing: 1, auris, is, f.: drooping e.s, 
flaccidae a, Plin.: to prick up the es 
(to listen attentively), aures erigere, 
Cic.: to lend an e., aurem praebere, 
Suet.: Hor.: (my) es tingle, tinniunt 
a., Cat.: to publ or twitch a person's e.8 
(to call his attention), alicui aures vel- 
lere, Virg.: to whisper in any one’s é., 
ad aurem insusurrare alicui, Cic.: @ 
ringing in the es, sonitus aurium, 
Plin.: he turns a deaf e. to prayers, 
surda negligit aure preces, Prop.: safe 
e.s (capable of secresy), tutae a., Hor. ; 
opp. to rimosa auris, Hor. S. 2, 6, 46. 
Q. auriciila (dimin. of auris: esp. 
used to denote the tip or corner of the 
ear): the bottom of the e., a. infima, Cic. : 
Thang down my ¢.s (like a donkey when 
ill-used), demitto auriculam, Hor.: to 
t the tip of one’s e. (in a legal 
symbolical act), a. opponere, Hor.: to 
chatter in any one’s e., garrire alicui in 
auriculam, Mart.: to pull a person’s e. 
auriculam (alicui) vellicare, Paul. Nol. 
Dimin., auricilla or oricilla,Cat. Pher.: 
having (long) ¢.s, auritus, Virg. (0: 
hares): also fig. for attentively listening 
(of the oaks which Orpheus sang to), 
Hor.: Pl.: animals without e.s, animalia 
inaurita, Gell.: a little fellow with long 
e.s (the ass), auritulus, Phaedr.: fishes 
have very quick es, pisces clarissime 
audiunt, Plin. I. The sense of hear- 
ing; esp. with ref. to music; auris, 
aures: the delicate and fastidious e. of 
Attic Greeks, Atticorum aures teretes 
atque religivsae, Cic : to have a good e., 
legitimum sonum aure callere, Hor.: if 
you have any e., si quid auris habeas, 
Gell. : not to have a good e. (for music), 
*aure minus subtili (praeditum) esse: 
to have no e. at all, *prorsus abhorrere 
a re musica. Ill. By analogy, any- 
thing resembling an ear: auris: used 
by Virg. of the “ears” or earth-boards 
of a plough, Georg. 1, 172: @ jar with 
two ears (handles), didta, Hor. IV. 
Of corn: 1, spica (rarely spicus, 
spicum): from the blade to the ¢., ab 
herba ad spicam, Cic.: rich and crowded 
€.s,8. uberes et crebrae, Cic.: a diminu- 
tive and empty e., s. minuta et inanis, 
Plin. : to form (develope) the e., s. conci- 
pere, Plin. Q, arista (strictly, the beard 
of am e., hence fig., the ear itself): the 
ripe e.s, maturae a., Ov.: Virg. Phr.: 
@ crown (or wreath) made of ears of 
corn, spicea corona, Tib.: a gleaning of 
2.8, spicilegium, Varr. 


ear (v.): |. To plough (q. v.): 
aro, I. |. Zo shoot into ears : spicor, 
1: Plin. also preced. art. (IV.). 


ear-ache; auris or aurium dolor: 
v. ACHE. (Dolor auricularius, Ulp. Dig.) 

eared (part. adj.): |. Having 
ears: auritus: v. EAR (L, jin.). il. 
Spiked: spicatus: Plin. 

earl: *cdmes, itis: M. L 











EARNEST 


earldom: *comitis nomen, dignitas. 
ear-lap: }, auricila infima, cf. 
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 2 (“Softer than the 
ear-lap,” appears to have been a pro- 
verbial expr.). Q, auricilla or oricilla 
ima (= preced.): Cat. 3. (more pre- 
cisely) *pars (inferior ac) pendula auris. 

earliness: 1, matiritas (more 
freq. in sense of ripeness, maturity: 
q. v.): Quint. 9. usu. better expr 
by adj.: on account of the unusual e. 
of the winter, *propter praematuram 
hiemem : by the e. of his end, *praema- 
tura morte: v. EARLY. 

early (adj.): |. In the morning : 
matitinus: e. frosts, m. frigora, Hor.: 
an e. client, m. cliens, Mart. ||, Com- 
mencing: undvus: in e. spring, vere 
novo, Virg.: whilst ’tis e. morn, dum 
mane novum, Virg. Phr.: /rom ear- 
liest youth, a prima adolescentia, Cic. : 
the earliest (remotest) recollection of 
childhood, witima memoria pueritiae, 
Cic.: in the e. part of the year, ineunte 
anno, Suet. |. Of early date: an- 
tiquus: an earlier date was on your 
letter, antiquior dies literis tuis ascripta 


erat, Cic.: v. ANCIENT. Phr.: in e. 
times, antiquitus, Caes. IV. For- 
ward: 1, matirus (coming natu- 


rally early): the e. bean, m. faba, Col. : 
e. winters (as in northern climes), m. 
hiemes, Caes. 2. praematirus (be- 
fore its time): an unusually e. winter, 
pr. hiems, Tac.: v. PREMATURE, 3. 
praecox, dcis; praecdquis, €; praecd- 
quus, a, um (like preced.): e. budding, 
occasioned by the mildness of the season, 
praecoces geminationes evocatae indul- 
gentia coeli, Plin.: e. ripeness (of wine), 
praecox maturitas, Col.: e. vines (yield- 
ing early in the season), praecoques 
vites, Col. 4, perh, tempestivus 
(taking place in due season: hence 
early, as opp. to irregularly late hours) : 
an e. party, t. convivium, cf. Cic. Sen. 
14: to be an e. riser, tempestivum 
surgere, v. Fore.s.v. Phr.: the ear- 
liest pears, ocissima pira, Plin. 
early (adv.): |. In the morning : 
1, mané: what are you doing so 
e., quid tu tam mane? Ter.: Cic.: v. 
MORNING. 9, diliiciilo (an abl. case: 
while it is yet twilight): very e. in the 
morning, primo d.: Cic.: acc. to Cen- 
sorinus, diluculum primum was before 
sunrise; d. secundum (mane), di- 
rectly after sunrise: v. Fore. 8s, v. 
Phr.: (very) ¢. in the morning, ante 
lucem, Cic.: Hor.; prima luce, Cic.: v 
DAWN, MORNING. I]. Generally, at 
an early period: 1, mature: his 
father died e., pater ejus m. decessit, 
Nep.: to set out e. (in good time), m. 
proficisci, Cic. Q. praemature: v. 
PREMATURELY. 3, cito: v. QUICKLY, 
SOON. 4, tempestivé (at the proper 
time; neither too early nor too late): v. 
SEASONABLY. 5, tempéri or tempori 
(in due time, betsmes): e. enough, satis 
t., Cato: to rise earlier (of the sun), 
temperius (opp. to serius) surgere, Ov. 
earn: |. By labour: 1, méreo 
and méreor, 2: toe. not more than 12 
asses, non amplius duodecim aeris mer- 
eri, Cic.: what each e’d per diem, 
quantum quisque uno die mereret, Suet. 
2. éméreo and éméreor, 2: fo ea 
great deal of money, pecuniam emerere 
uberem, Gell. Esp. in p. part. emeritus, 
having e.’d one’s discharge: Tac.: Plin. 
3, déméreo, 2: Pl.: Gell. Phr.: 
to e. one’s living, victum quaeritare, Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 48; quaerere unde se [ac 
suos] tueri quis possit, Liv. 5, 4, ad 
init.: to e. a living by prostitution, 
corpore quaestum facere (Vv. PROSTITU- 
TION): one who has no means of e.ing 
his livelihood, cui nec quaestus est, nec 
didicit artem ullam, Pl. Rud. 2, 1, 2. 
II. In gen. sense, to obtain by one’s 
efforts or desert: asséquor, conséquor, 
adipiscor : v. TO OBTAIN. 
earnest (adj.): |. Hager, urgent: 
1, intentus (lit. strained ; hence of 
eager, vigorous action): the Romans, 
e. at home and in the field, Romani 
domi militiaeque int., Sall. Cat. 6: e. 








EARTH 


and energetic speech, oratio int. et vehe 
mens, Clic. 9. instans, ntis: v. 
URGENT. 8. impensus (with words 
implying emotion): very e. entreaties, 
impensissimae preces, Suet. 4. acer, 
cris, cre: ¢é. thought, acris [atque at- 
tenta] cogitatio, Cic.: v. EAGER Phr.: 
to be e. in the pursuit of fame, tamae 
instare, T'ac.: at my e. request, efflagi- 
tatu meo, Cic.: engaged in e. thought, 
in cogitatione defixus, Cic. de Or. 3, §, 17. 
|]. Serious; opp. to the notion of 
sport, irony, elc.: sérius: if I have said 
anything in joke, do not turn it toe., si 
quid per jocum dixi, nolite in serium 
convertere, Pl.: joke and e., joca atque 
seria, Cic.: Sall. Phr.: neither im 
joke nor in é., nec joco nec serio, Pl. 
earnest (subs.): i. e. part-payment, 
security : arrhaibo, Onis, m., and arrha, 
ae, f. (the latter acc. to Gell. 17, 2, ad 
Jjin., became the preferable form): to 
be given as e-money for a purchase, 
arrhae nomine pro emptione dari, Cai. 
Dig.: to give 40 minas by vay of e., 
arrbaboni dare quadraginta minas, PI. 
Fig.: e. of death (a physician's fee), 
mortis arrha, Plin. In fig. sense pignus 
may sometimes be precise enough: v. 
PLEDGE, SECURITY. Phr.: to have in 
one’s heart an e. of victory, animo prae- 
cipere victoriam, Cic. 
earnestly : |. With earnestness : 
1, acriter (with vigour and energy): 
to exert oneself very e., acerrime niti, 
Sall.: to guard e. against anything, a. 
aliquid cavere, Hor.: e. to court the 
favour of Caesar, favorem Caesaris a 
fovere, Tac. : to consider a case most ¢, 
causam acerrime contemplari, Cic.: ¥ 
KEENLY, VIGOROUSLY. 2. impens@ 
(lit. with expense: hence, exceedingly 
earnestly) : to tender thanks more e. 
impensius gratias agere, Liv.: v. RAGER- 
LY. 3. magnopéré, or as two words, 
magno opere: compar., Majore opere, etc 
(esp. with verbs of wishing, asking) : 
I e. wish, magnopere volo, Cic.: most 
e. do I again and again beg of you, a te 
maximo opere (or maximopere) etiam 
atque etiam quaeso et peto, Cic. Fam. 
Zyee 4, intenté: v. EAGERLY. Also 
the adj. intentus may often be used: 
he e. listened to your entreaties, intent& 
tuis precibus se praebuit aure, Tib. 4, 1, 
132: e. set on doing something, intentus 
ad aliquid faciendum, Cic.: to gaze e. at 
anything, intentis cculis aliquid intueri 
(fig.), Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77. Phr.: to 
contemplate e. an idea of beauty, spe- 
ciem pulchrirudinis intueri in eaque 
defixum esse, Cic. Or. 2, 9: beg in an 
agony, he prayed the more e., factus in 
agonia prolixius orabat, Vulg. ll. 
With gravity: sério: V. GRAVELY, SE- 
RIOUSLY. 
earnestness : |. Devotion of 
mind : 1. expr. by intentus, at- 
tentus: to consider a case with the 
utmost e., causam quam maxime intentis 
oculis (ut ajunt) contemplari, Cic. FI. 
11, 26: to inquire into anything with 
all e., *animi acie quam maxime intenta 
aliquid investigare; acerrima et atten- 
tissima cogitatione de aliqua re uti 
(based on Cic.): V. EARNEST, INTENT. 
Q, stidium (zeal, ardour: q. ¥.): 
to pursue with such e. what does not 
belong to us, tanto s. aliena petere, Sall. ; 
Cic. 3, cira (with some intensive 
word, as magna, tanta, impensa): ¥ 
CARE, CONCERN. Phr.: to strive with 
all possible e., summa ope niti, Sall.: to 
pursue one’s studies with e., studiis in- 
sistere, Quint. 1, 12, 1c: to beg with ¢., 
vehementer, magnopere petere: V. EAR- 
NESTLY. Il. Seriousness: sévéritas, 
grivitas Vv. GRAVITY, STERNNESS. 
ear-ring : 1, inaures, ium, /. 
(only in pl.): to wear e.s, in. gestare, 
Plin.: to put e.s in, in. alicui addere, 
Plin. 9, stalagmium (drop-shaped) : 
Plin. 
ear-shot; unde quis exaudiri potest 
Vv. HEARING. 
earth (subs.): |. The (so-called) 
element: terra: ¢. (formed) of minute 
particles of e., de terris terram con- 
241 


EARTH 


crescere parvis, lucr. 1, 840: fire, air, 
c., water, ignis, anima, t., imber, Lucr. : 
1, 716: they demanded e. and water, 
aquam et |. petierunt, Liv.: Cic.. earth 
to earth, reddenda est terra terrae, Cic. : 
v. soit. Made of e., terrenus, terreus: 
a mound of e¢., agger terrenus, Virg.: 
Liv.; tumulus terreus. Caes. : v. EARTHY, 
EARTHEN. I. The terrestrial globe : 
1, terra’ the e. situated in the centre 
of the universe, terra in media mundi 
sede lucata, Cic. In the pvets often 
pl.: throughout the e., under the e., per 
terras, sub terras, Virg. Personified, 
Mother Eurth, Terra Mater, Lucr.; Suet. 
Q. tellus, tris, f. (strictly, the earth 
as goddess; hence, the earth generally : 
chiefly poet.): Virg.: Cic. (once, de Rep. 
6, 17). 3. orbis, is, m. (usu. with 
terrarum): Cic.: Ov.- v.GLOBE. Phr.: 
where on e., ubinam geniium, Cic. (v. 
WORLD). II. As used in pottery, etc. : 
argilla, créta: v. CLAY. IV. Zhe lair 
of a burrowing animal : \atebra, spécus, 
Vv. LAIR, HOLE, 
earth (v.): |. To bury: de- 
fédio, condo: v. TO BURY. il. To 
earth up; raise the earth against: 
paki 1: toe. up trees, arbores ag., 


earth-board (of a plough): = 1. 
tabella addita ad vomerem, Varr. R. R. 
1, 29. Simly, tabula aratro annexa, 
Plin. 18, 20, 3. 2. auris, is, f. (only 
found in plur.): Virg. G. 1, 172. 

earth-born: |. Lit.: 1, ter- 
rigéna, m.and /.: the e. brothers (giants), 
t. fratres, Ov.: Lucr. 9, terrigénus, 
a, um (rare): e. animals, t. animalia, 


Tert. 3. terra ortus, situs, génitus: 
v. BORN. See also ABORIGINES. Il. 
Fig.: earthly, of earthly origin : 1 


terrenus: an e. knight (Bellerophon), t. 
eques, Hor.: v. EARTHLY. 2. mor- 
talis, @: V. MORTAL. 
earthen: 1. fictilis, e: an e. 
thunderbolt, f. fulmen, Ov. Esp. of 
what is moulded by the potter's art: e. 
vessels, vasa f., ‘Tib.: v. EARTHENWARE. 
Q, terrénus (prop. of earth in its 
raw state): ane. mound, agger t., Virg. : 
e. vessels, t. vasa, Plin. 3, terréus: 
an e. mound, tumulus t., Caes. 
earthenware: |. Assubs.: fic- 
tilia, ium, n. pl. (sc. vasa, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 
10): to use e. like plate, fictilibus sic 
uti quam argento, Sen.: to dine off e¢., 
fictilibus coenare, Juv. I. As adj. : 
made of e. fictilis: e. figures, f. figurae, 
Cic.: Plin. 
earthling: terrae filius: Cic. Att. 
1, 13, 4. 
earthly: |. Made of earth: terre- 
nus: Vv. EARTHY, EARTHEN. J, 4p- 
pertaining to the present state; opp. to 
heavenly : 1, terrester ov terrestris, 
tris, tre: the e. abode of Jove, t. domi- 
cilium Jovis, Cic.: Vv. TERRESTRIAL, 
LAND (adj.). 9. (in less exact sense} 
hamanus (belonging to men): to despise 
e. things, humanas res ov humana con- 
temnere, Cic. 3, terrénus (not class. 
in this sense): fo mind e. things, terrena 
sapere, Vulg. Phil. iii. 19. Phr.: for 
what e. veuson, cur, quare tandem? v. 
PRAY. 
earth-nut;: binium: Plin. 
earthquake: 1, terrae motus, 
iis: Cic. 9, terrae trémor: Lucr. : 
Plin. jun. 
earth-work: _ 1. Spus terrénum: 
Vitr. 9, agger, éris, m.: v MOUND. 
earthy: 1, terrosus (containing 
earth): e. sand, t. arena, Vitr. i 
terrenus (having the nature of earth) : 
the first man is of the earth, e., primus 
homo de terra terrenus, Vulg. 1 Cor. 
XV. 47. 
earw'g: *forficiila auriciilaria, f., 
Linn. 
ease (subs.): |. A state of vest: 
1, Stium (the state of one who 
has no business to do; freedom from 
anxiety): to live in e., in otio vivere. 
Cic. Join. pax, tranquillitas, otium, 
Cic.; v. LEISURE, REPOSE. 9. seci- 
Titas (freedom from care): cf. Cic. Vuse. 
5,14, 42. 3. quies, étis, f.: v. REST, 
242 





EAST 


qumt. Phr.: at one’s e., otiosus, Cic. 
(v. IDLE): J take my e. at home, domes- 
ticus otior, Hor.: (domi otiosus sum, 
Cic. Brut. 3, 10): to live at one's e., 
otiose, bene (in comfort) vivere, Cic. 5 
facile agere, ler. Ad. 3, 5, 56; facile 
vivere, Pl. Cure. 5, 2, 6; facile agitare, 
poet. in Suet. vit. Ter. 1: in all possible 
e. (of the guds of Epicurus), summa cum 
pace, Lucr.: e. after toil, requies la- 
borum, Plin.: to have a mind at e¢., 
tranquillo animo esse, Cic.: to set ang 


one’s mind at e., alicujus animum sed- | 
| e,, ultimus or., Ov. 


are, tranquillum reddere (v. TO CALM): 
take thine e., eat, drink, and be merry, 


requiesce, comede, bibe, epulare, Vulg. | 


Luc. xii 19: J am somehow ill at e., 
nescio quid mev animo aegre est, Pl. 
Il. Absence of stiffness or con- 
straint : 1. perh. lépos or lépor, 
Oris: Vv. GRACE. 9. (in speaking) 
facilitas (perfect command of the re- 
sources of oratory): Sen. Ep. 40, It: 
cf. Suet. Gr. 23 (f. sermonis). Phr.: 
there was an elegant e. about his man- 
ner, *inerat ei suavitas quaedam morum 
atque concinnitas: there was a lack of 
e. about his manner, *mores ejus duri- 
ores ac paene vasti (v. AWKWARD): lo 
dance with e., membra molliter movere, 
Hor. S. 1, 9, 24. Wh. Lasiness: 1acili- 
tas: e. in bringing forth children, t. 
pariendi, Plin - v. Facility. Phr.: 
with e., facile (v, EASILY): to speal: with 
e. and readiness, solute prompteque elo- 
qui, Tac.: Cic.; expedite loqui, Suet. 
V. Phr.: chapel of e., *ecclesia 
(capella) parochialis subsidiaria (?). 
ease (v.): |, Zo unburden: lévo, 
exonéro, I: V. TO UNBURDEN. Phr.: 
to e. oneself, alvum exonerare, Plin.: to 
e. any one of some portion of his toil, 
*laborem alicui minuere. |], 7o relax: 
laxo, I: V. TO SLACKEN. Ill. Vo as- 
suage, mitigate: lévo, lénio: v. TO RE- 
LIEVE, ASSUAGE. 


easeful; Otidsus, tranquillus, sé- 
cirus (‘ree from care): Vv. QUIET, 
PEACEFUu. 


easel: machina (the context serving 
to define): to paint on an e., machinis 
pingere, Plin. 35, 10, 37, fin. 
easement: lévatio: v. RELIEF, AL- 
LEVIATION. 
easily : |. With facility: 1. 
facilé (not faciliter, which, however, 
occurs in Vitr.): to learn off e., facile 
ediscere, Cic.: Caes. Very ¢., perfacile, 
Cic. 2. expédité (without obstacle 
or delay): Join: celeriter expedite- 
que, facillime et expeditissime, Cic. 
3, solute (with ref. to speaking): Cic. : 
Tac.: v. EAS (III. Phr.). 4, téméré 
(at random, without care or pains: esp. 
with a negative): he cannot e. cross (the 
river) here, non hac t. transire potest, 
Pl.: Hor. §, procliviter (readily, as 
if going down-hill): Join: facile et 
procliviter, Gell. (N.B. Cic. has only 
the compar., proclivius.) Phr.: food 
thut is e. digested, cibus ad conco- 
quendum facilis (v. Easy): to be e. an- 
gered, iram in promptu gerere, I’l.: you 
cannot e. control them, nec (eos) tibi in 
promptn regere est, Ov.: e. broken, 
fragilis (v. BRITTLE): e. moulded, mollis 
(Vv. PLIABLE). |]. Good-humouredly : 
], tacilé: to allow a thing e., ali- 
quid f. pati, Cic. 2. molliter: 
take a thing e. (as if it were no hard- 
ship), aliquid m. ferre, Cic. 3, co- 
miter: v. COURTEOUSLY. 4. plicide 


v. CALMLY. Il. Wethout making ex- 
ertion : 1, dtiosé: to take everything 
e., onmia v. agere, Liv 9, lenté: v. 
COOLLY. V. With easy grace: mol- 


liter, Hor.: v. EASE (II. /in.). 

easiness: |, Absence of difficulty : 
facilitas: v.EASE(IL1.). |], Of temper; 
facile good-nature : 1. 
Ter.: Cic.: v. GOOD-NATURE. ae 
lénitas: v. LENIENCY. 8, indulgentia: 
Vv. INDULGENCE. Ill. Readiness to be- 
lieve. crédiilitas, téméritas (credendi) : 
v. CREDULITY. IV. Absence of stiff- 
ness or constraint : Vv, EASE (IL.). 

east (subs.): |. The quarter or 
point of compass: 1, Oriens, ntis, m. : 


to | 


facilitas : | 


| be readily done): an 








EASY 





| from e. to west, ab or. ad occidentem, 


Cic.: Caes.: on the e., ab oriente, Mela. 
Sometimes sol is expressed: in the res 
gions of the e. or west, in orientis aut 
obeuntis solis partibus, Cic. Rep. 6, 20. 
Q, ortus, is (with or without solis): 

to look tovards the e., solis ortum cone 
spicere, Cic.: the quarter where the sum 
rises is called the e., unde sol oritur 
oriens nuncupatur aut ortis, Mela. 3, 
exortus, Us: €., west, south, north, ex., 
occasus, meridies, septentrio, Gell. |], 
The regions lyui g east : Griens: fai thest 
In same sense Hor- 
has oriens ora, Od. 1, 12, 553 and Cic. 
orientis partes: v. supr. (L). 

east (as adj.): drientalis, e: an e.- 
wind, ventus or., Gell. The e.-wind, 
Eurus (called also Vulturnus, Subsola- 
nus, and Apeliotes): v. Fore. s. v. 

easter: 1. pascha, ae; also pascha, 
itis, n.: V. PASSOVER, 9. sollemnia 
paschalia (or paschalia alone, like Satur- 
nalia, Cerealia, etc.), sollemnes dies pas- 
chales (Kr.) E.-time, tempus paschale, 
Cod. Theod.: ¢.-presents, paschalia dona, 
Sedul.: ¢.-eve, vigiliae paschales; e.- 
Sunday, primus dies Puschae (Kr.;, 
*dies dominica paschalis. 

easterly : 1, orientalis, e: three 
e. winds, tres or. venti, Gell.: Pall.: v. 
EASTERN. Q, exortivus: Plin. Phr.: 
to have an e. aspect, orientem spectare : 
Plin.: an e. wind, ventus Eurinus, "tin. 

eastern: |, Asadj.: — }, Ori- 
entalis, e (not in Cic): e. kings, or. 
reges, Just.: Gell. 2. gen. of driens, 
ntis, m.: e. regions, orientis partes, Cic. 
Oriens is also used poet. as adj., Hor. 
Od. 1. 12, 55. 3. exortivus: the e. 
ocean, ex. oceanus, Plin. 4, Koiis 
(poet.: first syll. common): the e. re- 
gions, E. partes, Hor.: the e. abodes of 
the Arabs, E. Arabum domus, Virg. 

5, quod orientem spectat, Plin. ; quod 
ad orientem directum est, Col. Il. 
As subs., the easterns : 1, Srientales, 
jum: Just. 2, Edi, drum (poet.): 
Ov. (But usu. better expr. by circum, 
qui Orientis partes incolunt, etc.: Vv. 
EAST.) 

eastward: 
sus: V. TOWARDS. 


1, (ad) orientem ver- 
2. ab oriente (on 
the east): Mela. 


easy: |. Not difficult: 1, facilis, 
e (either absol., or foll. by ad and gerund, 
or supine in u): an e. thing, res f., 
Ter.: (things) e. to understand, ad judi- 
candum facilia, Cic.: a thing e. to be 
done, res factu f., Ver.: Cic. Less freq. 
foll. by infin., e. to be conquered, f. vinci, 
Liv. Very easy, pertacilis, Cic.: Caes. 
2, proclivis (lit. down-hill: hence 
of what is veadily an@ naturally done) : 
to prefer the 2. to the laborious, pro- 
clivia laboriosis anteponere, Cic. Join: 
facilis et proclivis, Cic. Also the phr. 
in proclivi is found = proclivis, after 
verb to be (not in Cic.). everything else 
will be e., alia omnia in proclivi erunt, 
Sall. (Or.). 3, pronus (like proclivis, 
but rare): that is easier to believe, id 
pronius ad fidem est, Liv.: Sall. 4. 
expéditus (7 0t presenting obstacles ; to 
easier road to 
honowrs, via expeditior ad honores, Cic. : 
(things) very e. to vaplain, ad expli- 
candum expeditissima, Cic. 5, in 
promptu (with esse. not precisely in 
this sense in Cic.): Sall (Or.): Ov.: v. 
EASILY (L. fin.). Phr.: tt is not e. for 
those to rise whom, haud facile emergunt, 
quos, etc., Juv. I]. Attended with 
vaseand comfort: 1, dtidsus (strictly, 
having no business or cares): to be e. 
in one’s mind, otioso esse animo, Ter.: 
e. in mind, otiosus ab animo, ‘Ter. 
(A somewhat collog. use of the word: 
in Cic.= unemployed, at leisure.) A). 
tranquillus, qnietus: V. QUIET, CALM. 
3. clémens, ntis (without effort or 
veracons): this e. town-life, haec cl. 
vita urbana [atque otium]. er. Ad. 1, 
1.17. Phr.: to be ine. circumstances, 
*a re familiari satis commude se habere, 
fortuna commoda magis quam amplad 
uti. Ill. Of complying temper : 


| facilis: an e. father, f. pater, Ter: the 


EAT 





e, nymphs, f. nymphae, Virg.: v. GOoD- 
NATURED, 2. indulgens: v. INDUL- 
GENT, 3. rémissus (lit. unbent; opp. 
to severe, exacting): I doubted whether 
to be e. (with hin), or to stand on my 
right, (dubitabam) utrum remissior es- 
sem, an summo jure contenderem, Cic. : 
Plin. jun. = JY, Unconstrained: with- 
out effort : 1, expéditus (esp. of 
utterance) : €., fluent speech, ex. et per- 
facile currens oratio, Cic.: v. FREE. 2, 
vénustus, lépidus: v. GRACEFUL. Phr.: 
the quiet, e. talle of an old man, senis 
sermo quietus et remissus, Cic.: a very 
€. (fluent) spealcer, solutissimus in di- 
cendo, Cic. 

eat: A. Trans.: |. To con- 
sume by the mouth: 1, édo, édi, ésum, 
3 (L. G. § 115): to e. a great many 
pecks of salt together (prov.), multos 
modios salis simul e, Cic.: he e.s olives, 
oleas est, Hor.: Ter. 2. cdmédo, 3: 
V.TOEAT UP. 8, mandico, t (strictly 
to chew: rare in good authors): toe. @ 
couple of mouthfuls, duas bucceas m., 
Aug. in Suet. 2, 78: PL: v. 10 CHEW. 

4, vescor, 3: v. inf. (IL), and To 
LIVE (UPON). 5, gusto, 1 (fo taste): 
they deem itt unlawful to e. the hare 
leporem g. fas non putant, Caes.: Sue. 
Phr.: to have nothing to e., *nihil hao- 
ere unde vitam sustineas, unde famem 
tollas: not toe. anything, abstinere cibo, 
Cic. (v. TO ABSTAIN): to e. very Little, 
very much (habitually), minimi, plurimi 
cibi esse, Suet.: to give a person some- 
thing to e., alicui cibum praebere (v. 
FOOD): to have a desire to e., esurire : 
v. HUNGRY (TO BE). II. Zo live on: 
vescor, 3 (with ab/.): to e. pears, piris 
v., Hor.: to e. those things which cause 
a pleasant titillation of the appetite, v. 
iis rebus quae dulcem motum afferunt 
sensui, Cic. Vescor is also found with 
an acc., Tac.: Plin. lll. Fig. to 
corrode: &édv, rddo: Vv. TO EAT AWAY, 
CORRODE. B, Intrans.: |. Zo 
partake of food: 1, édo, 3: 
when hungry, esurientem e., Cic.: to 
e. in order to live, esse ut vivas, Cic.: 
e., drink, stuff, edite, bibite, effarcite 
vos! PL. 9. vescor, 3: he used to e. 
before dinner, vescebutur ante coenam, 
Suet. : esp. with abl expressed: the gods 
neither e. nor drink, dii nec escis nec 
potionibus v., Cic. Phr.: toe, withan 
appetite (at dinner), libenter coenare, 
Cic.: to e. freely, largiter se (cibo) in- 
vitare, cf. Suet. Aug.77. =f. Zo taste: 
sapio, ivi and ui, 3: Pl: Juv.: v. To 
TASTE. 

— away: 1, rodo, si, sum, 3: 
rivers e. away their banks, flumina 
ripas r., Lucr.: won is eaten away 
by rust, ferrum robigine roditur, Ov. 

2. Edo, 3. the choked fire es away 
the ships, leutus carinas est vapor, 
Virg. Esp. fig., of care, distress: if 
aught is e.ing away your heart, si quid 
est animum, Hor. 3. péerédo, 3 (to 
eat quite away): rocks eaten away by 
salt, sale saxa peresa, Lucr.: Tib.: v. 
TO CORRODE. 4, mordeo, momordi, 
morsum, 2 (poet.): (fields) which the 
Liris es away with its still stream, 
quae Liris quieta m. aqua, Hor. 

— up: 1. cOmédo, 3: fo e. up 
all the corn: omne frumentum c¢., Suet. : 
Cic. Esp. fig., to e. wp or waste one’s 
property, c. rem familiarem, Cic. Dh 
voro, déviro, L: v. TO SWALLOW. By 
vescor, 3 (with abl.; also acc.): he be- 
gan to e. them (the doves) up one by one, 
coepit vesci singulas, Pbaedr. 

eatable: 1. esciilentus: whatever 
is e. or drinkable, quod e. aut potu- 
lentum est, Gell. Neut. pl. as subs., 
esculenta, ealables, Cic. 9. édiilis, e: 
Hor. Neut. pl. edulia, ium and iorum, 
eatables, Suet.: Gell. Phr.: e. things, 
quae esui sunt, Gell.: the root is e. when 
boiled down, radix ejus vescendo (apta 
ad vescendum, pic ext decocta, Plin. : 
what other quality has the swine, except 
thut it is e., sus quid habet praeter 
escam ? Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160. 

eater: pres. part. of édo: see L. G. 
§ 638. Phr.: a great e., homo edax, 





EBULLITiION 


Cic.: to be a great e., a little e., plurimi 
(multi), minimi cibi esse, Suet.; cibi 
capacissimum esse, Liv. 
eating (subs.): Gsus, is: found only 
in forms esui, esu: Varr.: Gell. Phr-.: 
by e. and drinking, cibo et potione, Cie. : 
to indulge so far in e. and drinking, 
tantum cibi et potionis adhibere, Cic. : 
very nice e, suaves res, Hor.; (res) 
cibis gratae, Plin.: to be delicious e., 
jucundissime sapere, Col.: v, TO TASTE. 
eating-house: popina: Cic.: Hor. 
The keeper of um e., popinarius, Lampr. : 
a frequenter of es, popino, Hor.: to 
Srequent e.s, popinor, 1, Trebell. 
eave: 1, protectum: to cut away 
the e. of a house (overlapping yours). 
protectum recidere, Ulp. Dig. 9, 2, 29 
§1: to have e.s projecting over a neigh- 
bour’s house, ex aedibus tuis in aedes 
alterius projectum habere, Lab. Dig. 43, 
7, 3-06 0. 2, projectio: Lab. Dig. 
bies'$:5. 3, subgrundae, arum (appy 
notin sing.): (“ projectura tecti qua stil- 
licidium a pariete arcetur,” Fore. s. v.): 
beneath the e.s, subter subgrundas, Varr. 
R. R. 3, 3: sloping e.s, s. proclinatue, 
Vitr. (N.B. Protectum and projectio 
appear to have been the legal terms ; 
subgrundae the popular designation.) 
Phr.: a dropping of water frum the 
e.s, stillicidium, Lucr. 
eaves-dropper: 1. auceps, ctipis, 
v.: lest there be any e. listening, ne quis 
nostro a. sermoni siet, Pl. 2. oti- 
cistes or Otaciista. ae, m. (@taxova7ys) : 
Apul. 3, auriciilarius or Oriciilarius : 
Petr. fr. Phr.: to play the e., subaus- 
cultare (which word had not, however, 
the offensive sense of the Eng.: cf. Cic. 
Top. 20, 15: “bonis viris subauscultan- 
tibus pariete interposito ”’) ; aure foribus 
(foramini, etc.) admota sermonem capt- 
are (based on Ter.). 
eaves-dropping (subs.): Phr.: that 
there be no e. (comice), ne quis venator 
adsit cum auritis plagis (catching words 
with nets that have ears to them), Pl. 
Mil. 3, 1, 14: @ person given to e., auceps 
sermonis: v. preced. art. 
ebb (subs. : |. Lit.: of the tide: 
1, récessus, Us (opp. to accessus) : 
more fully, marini aestus recessus, Cic. 
2. décessus (aestiis): Cic. 3: 
regressus (aestiis): Val. Max. Phr.: 
the e. and flow of the. tide, aestus reci- 
procatio, Plin. fj, Fig.: a low state: 
Phr.: to be at a low e,, jacére: the law- 
courts were at a low e., judicia jacebant, 
Cic.: when your fortunes are at their 
e., in adversis (angustis) rebus (v. AD- 
VERSITY): hope is at a low e., spes in 
angusto est, Cic.; fluere ac retro sub- 
lapsa referri spes (Danaum), Virg. A. 2, 
169: in all things there is e. and flow, 
omnium rerum vicissitudo est, ler. (v 
VICISSITUDE): our funds are at a lou 
e., *de re pecuniaria male res se habet. 
ebb (v): |. Lit.: of the tide: 
1. récédo, ssi, ssum, 3: the tides 
now flowing and now e.ing, aestus ma- 
ritimi tum accedentes tum recedentes, 
CicitN. SDF 2 yes sks 25 Q, rémeo, 1: 
the tides e. and flow twice every 24 hours, 
aestus maris bis affluunt bisque r. vice- 
nis quaternisque semper horis, Plin. 2, 
97, 99 (see the place). 3. récipréco, 
1: Plin.l.c. Phr.: when the tide e.s, 
minuente aestu, Caes. B. G. 3, 12: less 
precise expr. are, (aestus maris) resi- 
dunt, se resorbent, Plin. 1. c.; (mare) 
resorbetur, Tac. Il. Fig.: to sink ta 
a low state: d&écresco, détérior fio, ete. : 
V. TO DECREASE, WANE. 
ebbing (swbs.): récessus: v. EBB. 
ebbing (part. adj.): 1. refluus: 
Plin. 9. réciprocus: Plin. Fig.: e. 
Jortunes, res angustae, adversae: Vv. AD- 
VERSE. 
ebony: ébénus, i, 7.; ébénum, i, x. 
(the latter of the wood only, not the 
tree): Virg.: Plin. Of e., ebeninus, 
Hier. (for which Ov. has abl. ebeno, 
Met. 11, 610: in prose better, ex ebeno 


factus). 
ebriety: €ébriétas, ébridsitas (ha- 
bitual): v. DRUNKENNESS. 


ebullition: |. Lit.: of fluids: 


ECLECTrTC 








bullitus, Os, Vitr.: v. BUBBLING. ih. 
Fig.: of passions: impétus, iis: in an 
€. of passion, impetu et ira, Tac, Ger. 
25: V. FIT (subs.). 

eccentric: |. Lit.: deviating 
Jrom the centre: eccentros, on (éxxev- 
tpos): Mare.Cap. = |, Fig. : singular 
odd : (a). of persons: perb. simplex (cf 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 63) vitaeque rudis, i. e. 
blunt and ignorant of society; in com- 
muni vita et vulgari hominum consue- 
tudine [quasi] hebes ac rudis, cf. Cic. de 
Or. 1, 58, 248. Phr.: he is an e. cha- 
vacter, mirabiliter moratus est, Cic. Att. 
2. 25: he was a most e. Linconsistent | 
Jellow, nil aequale homini fuit, Hor. S. 


res (b). of actions, conduct: 
(7) insélitus, insdlens: UNUSUAL, 
STRANGE. 

eccentrically: wmirabiliter, quasi 


simplicior et vulgaris hominum consue- 
tudinis rudis: v. preced. art. 
ecclesiastic / ecclésiasticus, Tert. 
ecclesiastical § (vr by circuml., ad 
ecclesiam pertinens): V. CHURCH. <A; 
subs., an ecclesiastic, ecclésiasticus, Cod. 
Theod. 


echinus: |. A hedge-hog: &chi- 
nus, Claud. |]. A shell-fish : Echinus, 
Hor. 


echo (subs.) : j. Lit.: 1, imiago, 
Inis, /.: where there is no e. (a site ton 
bees), ubi non resonent imagines, Varr. 
ct. Virg. G. 4, 50 (with ref. to the same) 
ubi vocis offensa resultat imago: the 
sportive e., jocosaim., Hor. : Ov.: a faint 
e., *im. vocis tenuis, subtilis. 2). 
écho, us, f. (7xw): Ov.: Plin. 3 
résonantia (in a building): Vitr. 
Phr.: valleys where there ws an e., 
valles argutae, Col. 9, 5, fin.: in that 
place there is a seven-fold e., *ibi septies 
repercussa vox ad aures defertur (v. 
REVERBERATION): these parts (of the 
plau) were applauded to the e., (haec) 
totius theatri clamore dixit; [cetera] 
magno cum fremitu et clamore sunt 
dicta, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 2: the mob ap- 
plauded to the e., adstrepebat vulgus, 
Tac. An. 1, 18: glory is as it were the 
e. of virtue, gloria virtuti resonat [tan- 
quam imago], Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3. ll. 
Fig.: of that which is a mere repetition 
of something else: Phr.: I have schooled 
myself to be his e. in everything, im- 
peravi egomet milli omnia assentari, 
‘Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 21: to be the mere e. of 
other men’s opinions, alienas sententias 


subsequi atque referre: v. TO ECHO 
(1L.). 
echo (v.) |. Lit.: 1, référo, 


tili, latum, 3: to e. a sound, sonum 
Ma Gic:s) Ov. 9, résdno, ui, itum, t 
(esp. poet.: v. TO RESOUND): the woods 
e. my Cynthia’s name, resonant mihi 
“Cynthia” sylvae, Prop.: to e. the 
name of Amaryliis, Amaryllida r., 
Virg.: Col. 8. réperciitio, ssi, sum, 
3: sounds e.’d back, voves repercussae 
Tac.: Vv. TO REVERBERATE. 4, ré- 
sulto, 1 (of the sound itself, to rebound) : 
Virg. §, réboo, 1 (to resound loudly) : 
the temples e. to the lute, citharis r. 
templa, Lucr.: Virg.: v.TO RESOUND, 
ll. Fig.: to repeat what some one 

else has satd: ], subs&quor, ciitus 
3 (to follow closely): Speusippus ¢.1ng 
Plato, S. Platonem subsequens, Cic.. 
Sen. : v. TO FOLLOW. 9, assentor, 1 
with hypocritical admiration): Ter. 
rt ECHO, subs. IL.). 

echoing (part. adj.): ], résiénus 
e. valleys, r. valles, Lucr.: ¢. sownds, r. 
voces, Ov. 9, réciprécus (only in 
pass. sense): é. sounds, T. voces, Plin. 

3. argutus: e. valleys, a. valles, 

Col. 

eclat (Fr.): Phr.: to lend an e. to 
one’s family, familiam (suam) illus- 
trare, Suet.: V. LUSTRE, SPLENDOUR. 

eclectic: *eclecticus (éxAextuxos) 
the e. philosophy, pbilosophia e., Stan. 
Hist. Phil. he A.s, Eclectici, ib. 
Phr.: to adopt an e. mode, *singula ex 
compluribus auctoribus sumere atque 
consociare; eX variis fontibus judicio 
suo quantum quoque modo videatur 
haurire (based on Cic. Off. 1, 2, 6). 

243 


ECLIPSE 


EDIVICATION 


EDUCATION 





eclipse (subs.): |]. Lit.: of sun 
or moon : 1. défectio: to foretell e.s 
of the sun and moon, solis lunaeque d. 
praedicere, Cic.: a total e., perfecta d., 
Sen.: to observe an e. of the sun, solis 
d. deprehendere, Sen. 2, defectus, 
us (used by Cic. of the waning of the 
moon): Virg. 8. obsciiratio solis or 
funae, Plin.: Quint. 4, eclipsis, is, 
Ff. (ExAevs): Auct. Her. 5, dée- 
liquium (solis): Plin. Phr.: an e. of 
the sun takes place when that body is 
opposite the moon, sol lunae oppositus 
solet deficere (obscurari), Cic.: there is 
an e. of the moon, luna laborat, Cic. ; 
languescere luna, Tac. I. Fig.: of 
Jame, character, etc.: Phr.: as though 
the commonwealth had suffered eternal 
¢€., tanquam si offusa reipublicae sem- 
piterna nox esset, Cic.: to suffer e., 
obscurari, tenebris ac caligine obvolvi: 
v. foll. art. and GLOOM. 
eclipse (v.): |. Of the sun or 
moon ; chiefly in pass., to be eclipsed: 
deficere, obscurari, etc.: v. preced. art. 
CZ. phr.). I]. To make to appear 
dark : 1, obsctiro, 1: the light of a 
lamp is ed by the light of the sun, 
obscuratur luce solis lumen lucernae, 
Cic. Fig.: your praises no oblivion 
shall e., tuas laudes’ nulla est obscura- 
tura oblivio, Cic. 9. inumbro, 1: 
the smaller stars are e.d by the rise of 
the move powerful ones, parva sidera 
validiorum exortu in., Plin. jun. (who 
uses the word also 1g. “ legatorum 
dignitas inumbratur,’ Pan. 19). S: 
ébumbro, 1 (fig.): Tac.: Plin. Phr.: 
if my reputation be ed, si [in tanta 
scriptorum turba] mea fama in obscuro 
sit, Liv. pref. (init.): the greatness of 
those who shall e. my name, magni- 
tudo eorum meo qui nomini obficient, 
Liv. 1. c. 
ecliptic: (linea) ecliptica: Serv. ad 
Virg. 
eclogue: ecloga (strictly, an ex- 
tract): Plin. jun.: Virg. 
economic: i. e. relating to house- 
hold management : 1, oecdnémicus 
(otkovopxds, Xen.), Cic. (as appellation 
of the work of Xen.: he explains the 
word by “de tuenda re familiari,’’ Off. 
2, 24, fin.): Quint. (fig.). 2, dis- 
pensatorius: Hier. As subs., economics, 
scientia tuendae rei familiaris (v. suwpr.): 
in wider sense, *quae ad totam rei 
oeconomiam pertinent: v. ECONOMY. 
economical: 1, parcus: v. Frv- 
GAL. 2, attentus (paying close at- 
tention to one’s money matters): Hor. 
8. diligens, ntis: v. CAREFUL. 
economically: parcé, diligenter : 
V. SPARINGLY, CAREFULLY. 
economist: |. One who expounds 
the principles of economy: a political 
e.. *qui rei publicae opes exponit; qui 
publicarum opum rationem explicat. 
|]. A economical person: honio 
parcus, attentus: v. SPARING. Phr.: 
a good e., bonus assiduusque dominus, 
Cic.: he is a great e. of time, magna est 
ejus parsimonia temporis, l’lin. Ep. 3, 5. 
economize: parco, 3 (with dat.): 
Vv. TO SPARE. Phr.: to e. one's time, 
tempus parce dispensare, Sen. (Q.). 
economy: |. Household manage- 
ment : 1, *scientia or disciplina tu- 
endae rei familiaris, cf. ECONOMIC (1). 
2. diligentia: a steward is the sub- 
stitute for my personal e., [villicus] 
vicarius meae diligentiae succedit, Col. 
II, I; more fully, rei familiaris dili- 
gentia, cf. Col. 1. c. 8. cella (by 
meton, : lit., larder): you call this pil- 
lage and spoliation by the name of e., 
huic praedae ac direptioni cellae nomen 
imponis, Cic. Verr. 3, 85, 197 (cf. Nigels. 
p. © Il. By anal., in theol. sense, 
dispensation : *oecéndmia, lex, institita 
(pl.): VY. DISPENSATION. ||, Political 
e.: *publicarum opum scientia or disci- 
plina. IV. Frugality: parsimonia, 
diligentia: v. FRUGALITY. 
ecstasy: |, Lit.: atrance: 1, 
ecstasis, is, f. (a late word): to speale in 
¢. (as the prophets), in ecstasi luqui, 
Hier.: ‘Tert. 2. furor, oris: v. 
244 








FRENZY. 
4, 6. 


3, insania: cf. Hor. Od. 3, 
4, mentis excessus, is: Vulg. 
Acts x. 103 xi. 5. Phr.: the bard in 
a state of e., attonitus vates, Hor. ll. 
Rapture : 1], elatio voluptaria, Cic. 
Fin. 3, 10, fin. 2, *quasi stupor ges- 
tientis laetitiae: v. RAPTURE. Phr.: to 
be in an e. of joy, laetitia gestire, Cic. : 
to be in an e. of joy, gaudio stupere, 
Coel. ap. Cic. 

ecstatic: |. Belonging to a state 
of trance: ], attdnitus (of persons 
in a state of religious frenzy): Hor.: 
Virg. 9, insanus: Virg.: v. FREN- 
ZIED. ‘|, Of pleasure, transporting : 
Phr.: to be ina state of e. joy, laetitia 
efferri, exsultare (not quite so strong as 
the Eng.), Cic.; gaudio exsultare, Cic. : 
V. TRANSPORT. 

ecumenical (oec-): oeciménicus : 
an ¢. council, oe. concilium, M.L. 

edacious: ¢dax: v. voRACcIOUS. 

edacity ; édacitas, Cic. 

eddy (subs.): vortex or vertex, icis, 
m.: a whirling e., tortus v., Virg.: @ 
cross e. (forming @ current across a 
stream), transversus v., Liv.: to roll 
diminished e.s, minores volvere v., Hor. 
Full of e.s, vorticosus, e. g. amnis, Liv. 
(For eddy of wind, v. WHIRLWIND.) 

eddy (v.): in orbem (aquas) flectere ; 
circumferri atque in se resorberi; in se 
volutari; converti: Sen. N. Q. 5, 13. 

eddying (part. adj.): i.e. full of 
eddies, vorticOsus, vorticibus abundans, 
densus : v. EDDY. 

edge (subs.): |. Margin: 1. 
margo, inis, c.: the e. of a bank, m. 
ripae, Ov.: of a sore, m. ulceris, Plin. : 
of a ship’s stern, m. puppis, Sil.: v. 
BRINK, BORDER. 2. very often expr. 
by extrémus in agr. with subs. (L. G. 
§ 343): just at the e. of the document, 
in extrema codicis cera, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
36, 92: V. END, OUTSIDE. 3. ora: the 
e.s of a wound, orae vulneris, Cels.: v. 
RIM, BORDER. Phr.: leaves with a 
serrate e., folia ambitu serrato, Plin. 
See also FRINGE, HEM. Il. OF @ cut- 
ting instrument: acies, Gi, f.: the e. of 
an axe, securis a., Cic. Fig.: the e. of 
the mind, mentis a, Cic. Phr.: to 
strike an enemy with the e. or the point 
of the sword, hostem caesim, punctim 
petere, Liv.: in gen. sense, to slay with 
the e. of the sword, trucidare, interficere 
(v. TG SLAY). Fig.: to set the teeth 
on e., (dentes) gustu astringere, Plin. : 
(dentes filiorum obstupescunt, Vulg. Hz. 
xviii. 2): to take off the e. of one’s appe- 
tite, famem levare, Ov.; latrantem sto- 
machum lenire, Hor.: to take off the e. 
of curiosity, *cupiditatem, exspecta- 
tionem mitigare, hebetare: the e. of 
sorrow is taken off by wine, vino tristitia 
hebetatur, Plin.: v. TO BLUNT. 

edge (v.): |. To border: praetexo, 
3: V. TO BORDER, FRINGE. I]. Zo 
Sharpen: acuo, 3; Vv. TO WHET, 
SHARPEN. Ill. Fig.: to render more 
violent: exacerbo, exaspéro, I: v. TO 
EXASPERATE, EMBITTER. IV. In- 
trans.: to edge along or away (col- 
log.): Phr.: we e. along the lofty crags, 
altas cautes radimus, Virg.: you ed 
away from me, clam te subduxti mihi, 
Ter.: toe, out of an affair, *paullatim 
se ex aliquo negotio expedire (R. and 
A.). (N.B. For to edge on, v. 10 EGG 
ON.) 

edged : acutus: v. SHARP. Prov.: 
tis ill playing with e. tools, *satis cum 
periculo ista tractantur (?). 

edging (subs.): limbus: v. BORDER. 

edible: esciilentus, édilis: v. rat- 
ABLE. 

edict: édictum: to publish an e., e. 
proponere, Liv.: to enact by e., edicto 
sancire, Cic.: a praetor’s e., e. praetoris, 
Cic. To publish an e. that ..., edicere 
ut, ne..., Cic.: Liv. (Sometimes a 
praetor’s e. assumed the form of a 
letter; whence praetoris literae, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 22, 56.) 

edification ; *aedificatio, Vulg Eph. 
iv. 12 (for which aedifico may often be 
used, *in aediticandum corpus Christi, 
cf. Vulg. 1. c.: but the subs. and the 





verb are both unclass. in this sense). 
See INSTRUCTION, IMPROVEMENT. 
edifice: 1, aedificium: v. BUILD- 
\G. 2, moles, is, 7. (@ massy e.): 
Hor. 


edify ; *aedifico, 1: Vulg. Phr.: 
to e. one another, ‘inter se ad pietatem 
excitare: the bool is calculated to e., *is 
liber ad pietatem erga Deum alendam 
aptus est: he preaches not to e. but to 
astonish, *id agit non ut audientium 
animos piis affectibus imbuat, sed ut sui 
admirationem iis injiciat. 
edifying (part. adj.): aptus ad 
pietatem alendam: v. preced. art. 
Phr.: the spectacle is by no means e., 
*minime ad emendandos hominum 
mores utile est id spectaculum : e. con- 
versation, sermo praeceptorum plenus 
cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 58: to set ane. example 
of piety, *pietatis egregium praebere 
exemplum. 
edit: 1, édo, 3: i.e. TO PUBLISH 
(q. v.). More precisely, edendum or 
vulgandum ctiro, 1: cf. Suet. Gr. 8, fin. 
2. récognosco, novi, nitum, 3 (to 
read over and revise): newly e’d by 
(on title page of an edition), denuo 
recognita edidit, Schneid.: e.’d and in- 
dexed by...., Yrecognovit atque in- 
dicibus instruxit...., Jahn (the name 
of the editor being in each case added). 
3. récenseo, ui, itum, 2 (like pre- 
ced.): e.’d with notes by ...., Tecensuit 
notisque illustravit, Gierig, 4, ciro, 
1: Oberl. 
edition: 1. éditio, Quint. 5, 12 
40. 2, récensio (a critical e.): M.L. 
Phr.: Wolf’s e. of the Homeric poems, 
Homerica carmina a Wolfio edita, cura 
et studio Wolfii typis descripta (Kr.) : 
to publish a new e., librum denuo typis 
exscribendum curare (Kr.): jirst, second 
e., primum, iterum editus (Kr.). 
editor: éditor: M.L. 
educate: 1, edtico, 1 (to bring 
up, tn whatever way : not edico in this 
sense: v. TO REAR): to e. an orator (e. 
a young person for an orator), oratorem 
e., Quint.: e.d under a mother’s tender 
care, in gremio matris educatus, Cic. Br. 
58, 211; in matris sinu atque indul- 
gentia educatus, Tac. A. 4. 2. in- 
stituo, ui, iitum, 3 (to train; esp. in any 
given branch of knowledge: acc. to 
Varr ap. Non. 447, 33, “educit ob- 
stetrix, educat nutrix, instituit paeda- 
gogus, docet magister:’’ but cf. preced. 
exx.): to e. (for an) orator, oratorem 
inst., Quint.: fo e. the palate, palatum 
inst., Quint.: Vv. TO TRAIN, INSTRUCT. 
8. éridio, 4 (to impart a liberal 
education): (a youth) who is ed ata 
school (opp. at home), qui in  scholis 
eruditur, Quint. Join: instituere et 
erudire liberos [ad majorum instituta], 
Cic. 4, doceo, 2: v. TO TEACH. 
educated (part. adj.): liberaliter 


instititus, ériiditus, Cic. See also ac- 
COMPLISHED. 
education: 1, édiicatio (bring- 


ing up in widest sense): the wearisome- 
ness and toil of e., taedium laborque 
educationis, Plin. jun.: Cic. Join: 
educatio atque doctrina [puerilis], edu- 
catio et disciplina, Cic. 2. ériditio 
(liberal e.; schooling): e. at school is 
better than home e., potior in scholis e. 
est quam domi, Quint.: having had a 
Jirst rate e., praeclara e. atque doctrina 
ornatus, Cic. 3, disciplina (a course 
of training): to commit a son to any 
one for the purpose of e., tradere alicui 
filium in disciplinam, Cic.: is this your 
mode of e.? haec igitur est tua d.? Cic.: 
V. TRAINING, 4, doctrina (teaching) 5 
e. developes innate power, d. vim promovet 
insitam, Hor.: Cic. (v. supr. 2). Phr.: 
@ person who has received a liberal e., 
(homo) liberaliter institutus, educatus, 
Cic.: the care of the e. of children, edu- 
candorum, erudiendorum  liberorum 
cura (Vv. TO EDUCATE): to have the e. of 
a gentleman, ingenuas didicisse fideliter 
artes, Ov.: having received a military 
e., eruditus artibus militiae, Liv.: toe 
get a soldier’s e., militiae adsuescere, 
Liv.: in keu of a military e., pro 


EDUCATIONAL 








Militari rudimento, Liv. 21, 3: he passed 
through his military e. to the satisfac- 
tion of the commander, prima castrorum 
Tudimenta duci adprobavit, Tac. A. 5: 
to regard all adversity as an e. (for 
life), omnia adversa exercitationes put- 
are, Sen. Prov, 2, 2. 

educational : 1, schélasticus, 
Quint.: v. SCHOLASTIC. 2. expr. by 
subs. or verb (Vv, EDUCATION, TO EDU- 
CATE); to devote public money to e. pur- 
poses, *publicas pecunias ad liberos 
educandos s. erudiendos, ad liberorum 
educationem disciplinamque, erogare. 
Phr.: ane. journal, *scholarum diurna: 
an e. society, *praeceptorum sodalitas : 
e. works, *libri puerorum erudiendorum 
causa scripti. 

educator: 1, praeceptor, mig- 
ister; v. TEACHER. 2. edicator (not 
in Cic, in this sense): Tac. 

educe : 1, Glicio, cui and exi, 
citum, 3: (your) box full of nard shall 
e. (my) jar, nardi plenus onyx eliciet 
cadum, Hor.; Cic.: v. TO ELICIT. a 
promo, psi, ptum, 3: to e. attractive 
marvels (of Homer in the Odyssey), 
speciosa p. miracula, Hor. A. P. 144. 
Phr.: toe. the light from the smoke, ex 
fumo dare lucem, Hor. 1. c. See also 
TO ADDUCE, DEDUCE. 

eel; anguilla, Plin.: he is as slippery 
as an e., anguilla est, elabitur, Pl. An 
e.-skin, (anguillae) tergus, Plin. 9, 23, 
39; also simply anguilla, Isid. 


efface: |. Lit.: to remove cha- 
racters, etc.: 1. déleo, 2: v. To 
BLOT OUT. Q. indiico, 3 (to draw the 


pen across) : V. TO CANCEL. 3. aboleo, 
€vi, itum, 2 (in gen. sense, to do aay 
with): cf. Ov. M. 15, 871. 4, Grado, 
si, sum, 3 (v. TO ERASE): time will e. 
the traces of noble states, vestigia no- 
bilium civitatum tempus eradet, Sen. 
I]. Fig.: to do away with: ake 
déleo, 2: v. TO BLOT OUT. Q, oblittéro, 
I (lit. to smear over): to e. the disgrace 
of ill success, ob. famam male gestae 
rei, Liv.: Cic.: Tac. 8, abdleo, 3 
(to destroy utterly): to e. the remem- 
brance or disgrace of anything, me- 
moriam, labem ignominiae ab., Tac. 
4, exstinguo, xi, ctum, 3 (like 
preced.): to e. the infamy of treason, 
proditionis famam ex., Liv.: to e. every 
distinction of decency, omne discrimen 
pudoris ex., Liv.: v. TO DESTROY. 
Phr.: toe, the remembrance of a thing, 
rei memoriam obscuram facere, Liv. 
effacement: expr. by verbs under 
TO EFFACE; with a view to the e. of the 
rumour, abolendo rumori (= ad abol- 
endum rumorem), Tac. 
effect (subs.): |. That which is 
produced by a cause: 1. effectum 
(also used as part., quae sunt effecta de 
causis, Cic. Part. 2, 73; quod effectum 
est, Top. 18, 67): to deduce arguments 
from e.s (opp. to causes), argumenta ex 
effectis ducere, Cic. Top. 3, Ir: in same 
sense, ex effectis rebus, ib. § 23: Quint. 
9. effectus, Us (more usu. = suc- 
cessful operation, carrying out): to see 
the e. produced (by certain herbs), vim 
eff.que videre, Cic. Div. 2, 20, fin.: v. 
OPERATION. 8. éventum ; for which 
also éventus, iis, Cic. Part. 2, 7 (a con- 
sequence, result, or issue: q. V.): the 
knowledge of causes involves a know- 
ledge of e.s, causarum cognitio cognitio- 
nem eventorum facit, Cic. Top. 18, 67. 
Phr.: to discern cause and e., causas 
rerum et consecutiones videre, Cic. — |], 
Effectual result : 1, effectus, iis: the 
(proper) e. of eloquence is the approval 
of the hearers, ef. eloquentiae est appro- 
batio audientium, Cic.: that the summer 
campaign might not be protracted with- 
out any e., ne sine ullo ef. aestas ex- 
traheretur, Liv. 9. profectus, tis: v. 
PROFIT. 3, émdlimentum: v. aD- 
VANTAGE. 4, vis, vim, vi, f. (force, 
efjicacy: q. v.): to have greater e. in 
intimidating than in encouraging, ma- 
jorem vim ad deterrendum habere, quam 
ad cohortandum, Cic. Phr.: the poison 
takes e., venenum operatur, Lampr.: 
without e., frustra, nequicquam (Vv, 





EFFECTOR 


VAIN, IN): to have a beneficial or in- 
jurious é., prodesse, obesse or nocere 
(Vv. TO BENEFIT, INJURE): if only we 
have studied philosophy to any e., si 
modo in philosophia aliquid profecimaus, 
Cic. I. General purpose, gist: 
Phr.: ¢o this e., hujusmodi (after subs.): 
opinions were advanced to this e. that 
., honnullae hujusmodi sententiae 
dicebantur, Cic.: in same sense, hujus- 
cemodi, Sall.: after a verb, in hance 
Sententiam: to the same e¢., in eandem 
sententiam, Plin. Ep.: a verse to the 
same €. as ..., Versus eadem sententia 
qua..., Cic. (v. MEANING, SENSE): this 
was the general e. of his speech, hanc 
summam habuit orationis, ut... , Cic.: 
v. SUM, DRIFT. IV, Reality: Phr.: 
in é@., Teapse; nim, éténim: v. REAL- 
ITY, FACT (IN), INDEED. V. An im- 
posing impression: perh. jactatio, os- 
tentatio: v. DISPLAY. Phr.: with bril- 
liant e., egregia specie, Tac. Agr. 25, 
med.: to study e. rather than truth, 
*magis se ad populum jactare quam ut 
veritas manifesta fiat eniti: to study e. 
in dress and gesture, *habitum corporis 
gestumque ostentare: y. DISPLAY, subs. 
and v. V|. In plur. only, property: 
bdna, orum: vy. GoopDs. 
effect (v.): efficio, féci, fectum, 3: 
to e. so great progress, tantos progressus 
ef., Cic.: v. TO ACCOMPLISH. Phr.: to 
e. nothing, nihil agere, Cic.: without 
having e.d anything, re infecta, Liv.; 
more fully, infectis iis quae quis agere 
destinaverit, Caes.: toe. the passage of 
a river with cavalry, equites, equitatum 
flumen trajicere, transducere, see L. G. 
§ 246: toe. a saving, compendii aliquid 
facere, Cic, (Vv, SAVING). 
effective: |. Availing, having 
orce : 1, efficiens, ntis: e¢. causes, 
ef. causae, Cic,: Vv. PRODUCTIVE. 2. 
effectrix (masc. effector, cf. L. G. § 598): 
Cic.: v. PRODUCTIVE. See also EFFECT- 
UAL. Il. Telling, impressive; esp. of 
oratory: 1, gravis, e (having weight): 
a most e. and eloquent speaker, in di- 
cendo gravissimus et eloquentissimus, 
Cic.: e. and artistically embellished 
speech, oratio gr. et ornata, Cic. 2. 
copidsus (commanding all the resources 
of oratory): Cic. 8, agens, ntis 
(striking, lively: not of persons): we 
must use e., vigorous, striking figures, 
imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis 
est utendum, Cic. de Or. 2,87, 358. Phr.: 
he will not prove an e. speaker, dicendo 
quod volet perficere non poterit, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 12, 53: to be a very e. speaker, 
*maximam vim habere ad animos hom- 
inum permovendos, excitandos, allici- 
endos: he delivered a@ very e. speech, 
*orationem habuit ad persuadendum 
aptissimam: V. PERSUASIVE, IMPRES- 
SIVE. iJ. As milit. ¢. ¢., capable of 
doing duty: aptus, idoneus, ad operam 
praestandam (Vv. SERVICEABLE): qui 
arma ferre potest, Liv. Phr.: there 
was assembled an e. force of about 
200,000 foot, fere ducenta millia pedi- 
tum colligebantur armis habilia, Vell.; 
circiter decem millia in armis erant (R. 
and A.); *exceptis qui propter vulnera, 
morbos aliasve causas arma ferre non 
poterant, decem millia hominum sub 
signis erant. 
effectively: |. So as to produce 
an effect: efficienter, efficaciter: v. 
EFFECTUALLY. — |J, Of speaking, im- 
pressively: 1, graviter (with weight): 
Cic.: Vv. WEIGHTILY, DIGNITY (with), 
2, cdpidsd (with ald the resources 
of eloquence): to speak e. before the 
people, apud populum c. loqui, Cic. 
Join: composite, ornate, copiose elo- 
qui, Cic.: v. ELOQUENTLY. Phr.: to 
speak (very) ¢.,cum omni gravitate et 
juctnditate dicere, Cic. ; *apte ad animos 
hominum permovendos, inflammandos, 
etc. dicere; plurimum in dicendo valere, 
Cic. (these latter of one who always 
speaks e.): V. PERSUASIVELY, 
effectiveness: im spealcing, vis dic- 
endi  v. EXCELLENCE. 
effectless :_irritus: v. INEFFECTUAL. 
effector: © I; V. DOER, AUTHOR. 








EFFICACY 


a 
effectual: 1. efficax, dcis (thaé 
obtains its purpose): e. prayers, & 
preces, Liv.: a plant which is very e. as 
an antidote against poisons, herba effi- 
cacissima contra venena, Plin. = 
valens, ntis (having force): e. as @ 
remedy against cancer, v. adversus can- 
cerem, Cels. : an e. remedy, v. remedium, 
Cels. When the adj. follows to be, the 
verb valeo may be used: why are the 
poisons less e.? cur minus valent ve- 
vena? Hor.: Cic.; Vv. INFLUENTIAL. 8, 
vilidus (= valens): an e. medicine, v. 
medicamen, Ov.: Tac. 4. praesens, 
ntis (exercising immediate injluence) : 
an €. remedy, pr. remedium, Col.: Plin. 
5, potens, ntis: v. POWERFUL. 
Phr.: it is an e. remedy for wounds, 
vulneribus optime medetur (facit), Plin.: 
to adopt more e, measures Jor one's 
security, acrioribus saluti suae remedits 
subvenire, Cic.: to take e. precautions 
for oneself, satis sibi cavere (prae- 
cavere), Cic. 
effectually : 1, efficiciter: to 
canvass one’s friends more ¢., amicos 
suos efficacius rogare, Plin. Ep.: Sen.: 
to cure e.,e. sanare, Plin. (Efficienter 
is used by Cic. of efficient causes, de Fat. 
15, 34.) 2, potenter: v. rowER- 
FULLY. 8. laud (non) frustra: v. 
VAIN (IN). 
effectuate: e¢fficio, p&rigo, ad ef- 
fectum addiico: v. TO EFFECT. 
effeminacy : 1. mollitia and 
mollities, éi (unmanly softness or weak- 
ness): to sink into e, ad mollitiem 
labi, Cic.: a nation enervated by e. and 
luxury, gens effeminata mollitie lux- 
uriaque, Just.: indulging in e. more 
than any woman, [otio ‘ mollitie ultra 
feminam fluens, Vell. , effeminatus 
animi languor, Cic. Att. 16, 27. Also 
the neut. of effeminatus may be used 
in certain connexions: we must see to it, 
that there be no softness, e., or weakness 
in what we do, videndum ne quid molle, 
e., fractum faciamus, Cic. T'usc. 4, 30, 64. 
3, efféminatio (late) animi, Hieron. 
Phr.: with e., effeminaté, Cic. Join: 
molliter et effeminate, Sen.: e. of life, 
delicata vita, Cic.: Vv. EFFEMINATE. 
effeminate (adj.): 1, effemi- 
natus: Cic. (v. preced. art. 2): ¢. and 
nerveless composition, e. et enervis com- 
positio, Quint. Join: mollis et effe- 
minatus; impurus, impudicus, effemi- 
natus, Cic. 9, moilis, e: Cic. (v. 
supr.): sometimes in compar., to make 
use of e., slow gestures, tarditatibus uti 
mollioribus, Cic. 8, délicatus (freq. 
in offensive sense): to despise e. plea- 
sures, aspernari [molles et] delicatas 
voluptates, Cic.: v. LUXURIOUS. 4. 
miiliebris, e: Sall.: Vv. WOMANISH. 
5, semivir, viri (poet.): /aris 
with his e. train, Paris cum semivire 
comitatu, Virg. 6, turpis, e: Hor. 
Od. 1, 37.9. Phr.: to render e., effem- 
inare, Caes.: Cic. 
effeminate (v.): effemino, Emollio: 
y. TO EMASCULATE, ENERVATE. 
effeminately . 1 efféminaté : 
Cic. 2, miuliebriter: not to act in 
any way servilely or €., ne quid servi- 
liter m.ve faciamus, Cic. 3, molliter: 
Sall.: Sen.: v. WEAKLY. (But Cic. bas 
molliter ferre in good sense, Sen. 2, 5.) 
effeminateness: VY. EFFEMINACY, 
effervesce; effervesco, fervi, 3: 
TO BOIL UP. 
effervescence: |, Lit., of sluids: 
expr. by verb: drink off the mixture 
while it is in a state of e., *mixturam 
effervescentem: (dum effervescit) epota: 
V. TO BOIL UP. I]. Fig., of passion: 
fervor: Hor.: v. HEAT, EXCITEMENT. 
effete: effétus: an e. frame, e. 
corpus, Cic. To become ¢é., consénesco, 
sénui, 3: to become e. (of laws) by reason 
of years, vetustate sua consenescere, 
Cic. : Vv, EXHAUSTED, WORN OUT. 
efficacious: efficax : v. EFFRCTUAL. 


v. 


efficaciously: efficdciter: v. &F- 
FECTUALLY. ' 

efficaciousness? 1, vis, Yim, 

efficacy vi, f.: to perceive 


| the e, of certain herbs, (herbarum) vim 


245 


EFFICIENCY 








et effectum videre, Cic.: v. INFLUENCE, | 


FORCE. 9, virtus, ititis, f.: e. 
(magic) plants, herbarum v., Ov, 
Phr.: to have greater, less e., plus, 
minus valere, Hor.: v. EFFECTUAL. 

efficiency; i.e. competent faculty: 
Phr.: he displayed the greatest e. im 
the public service, summam operam 
navitatemque in rempublicam admi- 
nistrandam contulit, cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 25: 
an order to increase the e. of the cavalry 
service, *quo equites habiliores ad pug- 
nandum fierent: nothing could exceed the 
e. with which he dischargea the affice of 
tribune, *tribunatum (m*itum) unus om- 
nium summa industria ac virtute gessit. 

efficient: |. In phil. sense, caus- 
img an effect : efficiens, ntis: €. causes, 
ef. .causae, Cic. I]. Competent: ido- 
neus, hibilis: v. SUITABLE, COMPETENT. 
Phr.: a (small but) e. army, aptus ex- 
ercitus, Liv.: he rendered valiant and 
e. service tu the state, operam reipublicae 
fortem atque strenuam perhibuit, Cato 
in Gell. (v. VIGOROUS): a very e. com- 
mander, (dux) bello egregius, Tac.: an 
e. and judicious teacher, praeceptor acer 
atque subtilis, Quint. 

efficiently; dcriter, strénué, dilig- 
enter: V. VIGOROUSLY, ACTIVELY. 


effigy: imago, effigies: v. IMAGr, 


of \ out): Cic. 





LIKENESS. Phr.: he was burnt im e., | 


*simulacrum ejus cum omni contumelia | 


concrematum est. 
effloresce: *(quasi) effldresco, florui, 


3: the word is only found in fig. sense | 


in class. authors. 

efflorescence; exanthéma, Atis: 
Mare. Empir. Phr.: there ts a salt e., 
salsuginem efflorescere, Schweig. Hat. 
2,12: V. ERUPTION. 

effluence; effliivium: Plin.: v. Er- 
FLUX, EMANATION. 

effluvium: halitus, fis: v. Ex- 
HALATION. As scient. ¢. ¢., *efliivium, 
efflivia, orum. . 

effiux: |. The act of flowing 
forth: effliivium: the e. of moisture 
from the body, humoris e corpore ef., 
Plin. (or expr. by verb: there is an e. 
of figures from the surface of bodies, 
effluunt figurae e summis corporibus, 
Quint.: there is neither influz nor e. of 
air, *neque influunt neque effluunt 
aurae: v. TO FLOW OUT). Il. That 
which flows out : id quod effluit, emanat: 
v. TO FLOW OUT. 

effort: 1, contentio (a putting 
forth of one’s strength): with the ut- 
most possible e., cuni summa c., Cic.: 
Liv.: Vv. EXERTION. 2. intentio (like 
preced., but usu. with depend. gen.): to 
strengthen endurance by an e. of the 
mind, patientiam animi intentione firm- 
are, Cic.: Vv. EXERTION. 3, cOnatus, 
ts (any kind of attempt): Cic.: v. aT- 
TEMPT. 4, conamen, inis, 7. (poet.): 


the mighty (stone) with mighty e. he! 


threw, Magnum Magno conamine misit, 
Ov.: Lucr. 5, nixus ov nisus, ts (4 
steady straining e.): to reach the sum- 
mit not by a steady e. (climbing), but by 
a rush, ad summum pervenire non n. 
sed impetu, Quint. Phr.: to put forth 
es, niti, eniti summa ope; contendere 
(Vv. TO EXERT ONESELF): with great ¢.s, 
enixe, Cic.: with all one’s e.s, enixis- 
sime, Suet. (v. EAGERLY); obnixe, Ter. : 
without making any e., lentus, lente (v. 
CooLLy): J must strive the more eagerly 
that their e.s may be disappointed, mihi 
acrius adnitendum uti illi frustra sint. 
Sall. 

effrontery : 5s, Oris, x. (by meton.): 
you know the e., the audacity of the 
fellow, nosti os hominis, nosti audaciamn, 
Cic.: nor ts tt that you have more cou- 
rage, but more e., nec tibi plus cordis, sed 
magis oris inest, Ov. More fully, dur- 
itia oris, Sen. Phr.: to assume e. and 
banish modesty, perfricare frontem [or 
03], ponere pudorem, Mart.: Cic.: v. 
SHAMELESSNESS. 








EIGHTEEN 





effusion : effisio (the act of pouring 
Chiefly in phr., e. ef blood, 
caedes, is, f.: without e. of blood, sine 
c., Tac. Phr.: a victory gained with- 
out e. of blood, incruenta victoria, Liv. 
See also BLOODSHED. 

eft: lacerta: v. NEWT. 

egg (subs.): ovum: to lay es, ova 
parere, Cic.: Plin.; 0. ponere, Ov. 3 0. 
gignere, Cic. ; 0. edere, Coi.: to incubate 
é.s, 0. incubare, Varr.; to hatch them, 0. 
eniti, Col.: a fresh e€., *o. recens or 
recens partum: @ wind-e., 0. irritum or 
urinum, Plin.: the white of an eé., ovi 
albumen, Plin.; ovi album, Cels.; ovi 
albus liquor, Col.: the yolk of an e., 
ovi vitellus, Cels.; also vitellus alone, 
Hor.: the yolks of five pigeons’ €.s, 
lutea ex ovis quinque columbarum, 
Plin. : ane. boiled hard, 0, durum, Apic.; 
0. induratum or duratum in aqua, Plin. 
Phr.: teach your grandmother to suck 
e.s, sus Minervam (sc. docet), ut aiunt, 
Cic. Acad. 1, 4, fin. : malleum sapienti- 
orem scilicet esse manubrio, Pl. Epid. 
3, 4, fim.: *vitulus in fabula, cf. Phaedr. 
5, 10. : 

egg on (v.): (colloq.): impello, in- 
cito: v. TO INSTIGATE, IMPEL. 

egg-sauce: *jus ovis mixtum (R. 
and A.). 

egg-shell; ovi piitamen, Plin.; ovi 
testa, Veg.: v. SHELL. é 

egg-spoon: cochlear ovis utile, Mart. 

eglantine: cynosbiatos, rosa canina: 
V. BRIAR, DOG-ROSE. — 

egoism, 9r egotism: |, Absorp- 
tion in self: (caecus) amor sui, Hor.: 
V. SELFISHNFss. Phr.: to be eaten up 
with egoism, *nil praeter se ipsum sen- 
tire, sapere; totum in seipso esse. Jf, 
The practice of speaking much of one- 
self: perh. ostentatio sui: v. DISPLAY. 
Phr.: I am afraid it will look like 
egotism jor me to write word to you how 
busy I am, vereor ne putidum sit scrib- 
ere quam sim occupatus, Cic. Att. I, 14, 
init. (putidus may apply to any conduct 
offensive to good taste): the oator 
should avoid ¢., *oratorem vitare oportet 
putidam de se suisque factis praedicati- 
onem : Vv. AFFECTED. 

egoist, o” egotist: |, One ab- 
sorbed in self: sui amator; qui soli 
sibi ipse consulit: Vv. SELFISH. Il. 
One addicted to speaking of himself: 
*qui putide (putidius) de se ipse prae- 
dicat: v. preced. art.: also, CONCEITED, 
conceIT (11.). 

egotistical: putidus (offensive to 
good taste): Vv. EGOTISM (in.). 

egotistically: putide, putidius: v. 
preced. art. 

egregious: i.e. remarkable in bad 


sense: 1, singiilaris, e (a neutral 
word): e¢. villany, s. nequitia, Cic. 
2. insignis (conspicuous for good 


or ill) : e. shamelessness, ins. impudentia, 
Cic. Phr.: O e. delusion! O delirati- 
onem incredibilem! Cic.: what an e. 
blunder ! *O erratum turpe, pudendum, 


pessimum: v. BAD, SHAMEFUL. (N.B. 
Egregius only in good sense.) 
egregiously: valde, véhémenter: 


Vv. GREATLY, EXCEEDINGLY. 

egress: 1, exitus, 1s: cut off 
from e.and from foraging, ex. et pa- 
bulatione interclusi, Caes.; seven was 
of e. (from a house), septem ex., Livy. 

9. égressus, tis: Tac.: Petr. Gy 

expr. by verb: there was no possibility 
of ingress or eé. *neque ingrediendi 
neque egrediendi (exeundi) facultas 
erat: to prevent e., *egredientes pro- 
hibere: v. TO GO OUT. 

eider-down: plima mollissima : 
Vv. DOWN (subs.). 

eight: |. As adj.: octo; distrib. 
octoni, ae, a, eight-a-piece, Caes.: Cic. : 
e. times, octies, Cic.: it ws e. o'clock, 
octava hora est (Vv. O'CLOCK): @ verse 
of e. feet, octonarius versus, Quint. : e. 
ounces, bes, bessis, m., Varr.: Plin.: 


effulgence: fulgor, splendor: v.| harnessed e. together, octojliges (fig. 
BRIGHTNESS, SPLENDOUR. tribuni), Liv. |]. As subs. : the num- 
effulgent: fulgidus, fulgens: v.! ber eight: 1, numerus octonarius: 
BRIGHT. Jo be e., effulgére: v. ro, Varr. 2. octas, adis, f.: Mart. Cap. 
SHINE, eighteen: 1, duodéviginti (the duo 


246 


|} et duobusdeviginti, Kutr 








EJACULATORY 





is sometimes declined): @ moat e. fect 
broad, fossa duodeviginti pedum, Caes. - 
Cic.: in 1118 years, annis mille centum 
2. décem 
et octo, Liv. (Less guvod, octodécim, 
Front.) Distrib. €. a-piece, every e., 
duodeviceni, Liv. Phr.: e. times, 
decies octies (duodevicies appears to be 
without good authority): e. times larger 
than, duodeviginti partibus major, Cic. 


eighteenth: 1, décimus octévus: 
Col.: Tac. 2, duodévicésimus: Varr. 
Plin. 

eight-fold : 1, octiplus, Cic 


Esp. in veut. used absol.: to condemn a 
person to pay e., damnare aliquem octu- 
pli, Cic. 2. octuplicatus: an e. as 
sessment, oc. census, Liv. Phr.: to 
yiela e¢. (of land), cum octavo efticere 
efferre, Cic. 
eighth: |. As adj.: octavus. 
Caes. For the e. time, octayum, Liv.: 
the soldiers of the e. legion, octavani, 
Plin.: Mel. Il. As subs.: an e. 
part, octava pars, Cic.. also octava, ab- 
sol., Auct. B, Afr.: three-e.s, five és, 
*octavae [partes] tres, quinque: one-e. 
of the property, quadrans dimidius 
(dimidiatus), Bau. (in Kr. }. 
eightieth: octogésimus: Cic. 
eighthly: octavum: v. EIGHTH. 
eighty: octoginta, Cic. Distrib., e 
each, oct0géni, ae, a, Liv.: e. times, 
octégies, Cic.: a father of e. years, pater 
Hae (= octoginta annos natus) 
lin. 
either (distrib. pron.): ], alter- 
liter, tra, trum; gen. alterutrius or 
alteriusutrius, ete. (either the one or the 
other of two): if aman did not belong 
to e. side, Si quis non alterutrius partis 
fuisset, Cic.: Vv. ONE (pron.). oF 
itervis and iiterlibet (which you please 
of the two): I have less strength thane. 
of you, minus habeo virium quam ves- 
trum utervis, Cic.: e. ea7, auris utravis, 
Pl.: choose e., utrumlibet elige, Cic.: in 
e. vay, utrolibet modo, Cels. Hence, 
adverb., on e. side, utralibet, Plin.: in e. 
direction, utrolibet, Quint. 8, ititer- 
cunque (—preced.: rare); €. way, utro- 
cunque modo, Quint. 4, iter, utra, 
utrum (like alteruter, but less emphatic : 
rare in this sense): if e. party should de- 
sire té, si uter volet (appy. a legal phr.), 
Cic. Verr. 3, 14, 35: immediately after 
he writes, utrique facit potestatem, in 
explanation: v. BOTH. 5, alter, éra, 
érum (one of two : in negative sentences 
it may be used for either): not in favour 
of e. party, nec in alterius favorem, 
Liv.: v. ONE, OTHER. 6. expr. not 
...etther by neuter, tra, trum: not tu 
sway to e. side, in n. partem moveri. 
Cic.: v. NEITHER. Phr.- on e. hand, 
utrobique, Hor.; alterutrimque, Plin. 
either (conj.) : Be Walt ret ogstiEL 
(either . . . or; where the alternatives 
are mutually exclusive: L. G. § 570) 
e. true or false, aut verum aut falsum, 
Cic.: the first aut is not always ex- 
pressed, unless emphatic. 2, vel (ve) 
vel (where the alternatives are not 
mutually exclusive: L. G. l. ¢.): ay 
order seemly e. for peace or war, ordu 
vel paci vel bello decorus, Liv.: e. om 
(of the consuls) or both, alter ambove. 
Cic. 3, sive (Seu) .... sive: v- 
WHETHER. 4, expr. net... . either 
. or, by néque (nec)... . néque: 


death does not ajfect e. the living or the 


dead, mors nec ad vivos pertinet nec 
ad mortuos, Cic,: the negative is often 
doubled: the rest I cannot e. write or 
think about, non possum reliqua nec 
scribere nec cogitare, Cic. 

ejaculate: ®“mitto, 3 (with vocem): 
v. TO UTTER. More precisely, *raptin. 
et quasi subito impetu vocem emittere : 
to keep e.ing crivs. identidem (assiduo 
questu) clamare, clamitare, cf. Phaedr. 
I, 9. 

ejaculation; vex subito emissa, 
clamor: v. cry (subs.): cf. foll. art. 

ejaculatory : chiefly epith. of pray- 
e's: *preces subitae (R. and A.); *preces 
subito vel repentino animi impetu mis- 
sae. (Preces jaculatoriae is barbarous.) 


seals 


EJECT 


eject: |, To throw out: Ejicio, 3: 
v. TO CAST OUT. ||. Yo dispossess : dé- 
Jicio, pello, expello, 3: v. TO DISPOSSESS, 
TURN OUT. 

ejection déjectio, Cic. (or expr. 

ejectment {by verb: v. TO Dis- 
VOSSESS). 

ejulation; éjiilatio: v. LAMENTA- 
TION. 
eke (conj): 1, étiam: vy. ALSO. 
2. idque: see L. G. § 619. 

eke out (v.): parco, $ (v. TU SPARE): 
2f, Cues. B. G. 7, 71: frumentum se ex- 
igne triginta dierum habere, sed paulo 
etiam longius tolerare posse parcendo ; 
i.e. they might manage to ele it out Jor 
a little longer. Phr.: I eke out my 
scanty lamp-oil, candelae dispenso et 
tempero filum, Juv. 3, 287 (see the 
place): to eke out a scanty supply of 
wine, *paululum vini parcendo dispens- 
are: to ele out the time, tempus ducere, 
Cic.: Vv. TO LENGTHEN OUT. 

elaborate (v.): 1, Glaboro, 1 (fo 
work out fully: rare except in p. part.) : 
Vv. TO WORK OUT. 2. expolio, 4 (to 
Jinish highly): to e. an oration, oratio- 
nem ex., Quint.: v.TO POLISH. Phr.: to 
€. @ poem by repeated corrections -to a 
nicety, carmen perfectum decies casti- 
gare ad unguem, Hor. A. P. 294=car- 
men iterum atque iterum corrigere 
donec perfectum reddatur. 

elaborate (adj.): 1, acciiratus 
(with which all possible care has been 
taken): an e. speech, ac. oratio, Cic.: e. 
and studied addresses, ac. et meditatae 
orationes, Cic. Join also: accurata 
et polita oratio; accuratius et exqui- 
Sitius [dicendi genus], Cic. 2. élab- 
Oratus (done with labour): not to let an 
(over) e. elegance appear, ne e. concin- 
nitas appareat, Cic. Join: ornati et 
elaborati versus, Cic. Phr.: e. elegance 
of style, anxia orationis elegantia, Gell. : 
an e. worl: (in good sense), *iiber dili- 
genter accurateque scriptus (I. and A.): 
a most e. and learned worlc, *liber vario 
genere doctrinarum ac summa scribendi 
diligentia insignis: he had an accom- 
plished elegance of style without being 
painfully e., loquendi (erat) accurata et 
sine molestia diligens elegantia, Cic. 
Brut. 38, 143. 

elaborately: acciiraté, ciiriosé: v. 
CAREFULLY: 6. wrought out, elaboratus, 
Cic.: v. preced. art. 

elaborateness: 1. 
(excessive painstaking; meprepyia) : 
Quint. 8, 3, 55. 9. diligentia nimium 
sollicita (—preced.): Quint. 3, 11, 22. 

3, (in praiseworthy sense): acci- 
rata diligentia, Cic. Att. 7, 3, inzt. 
elaboration: 1. expr. by verbs 
under TO ELABORATE: not to devote 
enough pains to the e. of a speech, *pa- 
rum operae atque laboris orationi per- 
ficiendae atque expoliendae conferre. 
2. (meton.) lima (lit. the jfile): the 
toil and time required Jor e., limae labor 
et mora, Hor. 8, diligentia, with 
some adj., as nimia, nimis sollicita, ete. : 
v. preced. art. 

elapse: i.e. to pass away in the 
interval (as time): 1, intercédo, ssi, 
ssum, 3: hardly a year had ed from 
the time of this conversation .... when, 
vix annus intercesserat ab hoc sermone, 
quum, ete., Cic. de Or. 2, 21. 8g: also used 
absol., not a night ed, nulia nox inter- 
cessit, Cic. Cat. 1, 2, init.: Liv. po 
interjectus (in abl. absol. constr.) : after 
a few days had e.d, paucis interjectis 
diebus, Liv.: Cic.: v. INTERVAL. 3: 
intersum, fui: between his first and 
sizth consulate 46 years e.d, inter pri- 
mum et sextum consulatum XLVI. anni 
interfuerunt, Cic. Sen. 17, 60 (but inter- 
sum does not point to the lapse of time, 





Opérositas 


' only to the existence of an interval). 


4, abeo, 4, in. (to pass away and 
be lost; the context denoting the ter- 
minus ad quem): while you have been 
wavering thus, ten months have e.d, haec 
dum dubitas, menses abierunt decem, 
Yer. Ad. 4, 5, 57: while the fares are 
being collected... a whole hour e.s, dum 


aes exigitur...tota abit hora, Hor. S. 


ELDERSHIP 


ELECTION 





I, 5, 14. 5, praetéreo, 4, i77.: Vv. TO 
PASS AWAY. 6. (when the reference 
is to something still continuing) sum, 
fui; foll. by quum: many years have 


e.d since he first..., multi anni sunt, | 


quum ille est, etc. Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 
init.: Vv. SINCE. (N.B.—Not elabor, 
unless the sense is, to slip out of one’s 
hands, as by indolence.) 

elastic: |. Lit. having power to 


recoil: *élasticus, as scient. ¢. ¢ (Kr. | 
and Georg.). To be e., resilire, recellére: | 
ll. Fig., of spirits, | 


Vv. TO REBOUND. 
temperament : mobilis, e (which oftener 
occurs in bad sense: Vv. CHANGEABLE): 
of e. temperament, *ingenio tacili atque 
ad omnem auram spei mobilis, cf. Liv. 
29, 3,ad fin.; Virg. G. 3, 165: see also 
CHEERFUL, BRISK. 

elasticity : |. Lit.: *elasticitas, 
vis élastica (only in scient. lang.): v. 
preced. art. o possess é., *resilire, ea 
natura praeditum esse ut resiliat: v. T0 
REBOUND. Il. Fig., of temperament : 


*ingénium facile, mobile ; quod facile se | 


ex molestiis erigat, recreet: v. preced. 
art 


elate (part. adj.): more freq. 
FLATED: ], @latus: e.d and puffed 


up by this, quibus rebus e. atque in-, 


flati, Cic. But elatus also occurs as 
adj.=elevated: q. V. 2, sublatus: 
ed by this battle, quo proelio sublati, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 15: e.d by prosperity, s. 
Tebus secundis, Virg. A. 10, 502. 3: 
inflatus: v. supr. (1), and TO PUFF UP. 
See foll. art. 

elate (v.): 1, efféro, extiili, éla- 
tum, 3 (Vv. TO TRANSPORT, BE TRANS- 
PORTED): in this sense esp. with pron. 
vefl. or as pass.: such persons (the pros- 
perous) are usually ed with arrogance 
and insolence, efferuntur illi fere fastid‘o 
et contumacia, Cic. Am. 25, 54: e.d with 
unbearable audacity, guilt, and pride, 
intoleranda audacia, scelere atque su- 
perbia, sese efferens, Sall. J. 14. Very 
often in p. part.: v. preced. art. a 
inflo, 1: V. TO PUFF UP, INFLATR. Phr.: 
to become e.d (warmed) with wine, vino 
incalescere, Liv.; by prosperity, inti- 
mescere, Quint. ; insdlescere, Sall.: Tac. 

elation: animus elatus (atque in- 
flatus); qui superbia sese effert: v. 
preced. art. See also PRIDE, ARROGANCE. 
(For elatio, v. ELEVATION.) 

elbow (subs.): 1, cibitus, or 
cibiium: to lean on one’s e. at table, 
cubito inniti, Virg.; cubito remanere 
presso, Hor. Od. 1, 27, 8: to do so again 
(after rising), in cubitum se reponere, 
Hor. Sat. 2, 4, 39. Seealsofoll.art. 2, 
umbo, Onis, m. (the e. presented like a 
shield): Mart.: v. toll. art. A cushion 
for the e., cabital, alis, n., Hor. 

elbow (v.): expr. by cubitus, umbo 
(v. preced. art.), and various verbs: 
cubitis depulsare de via, Pl. St. 2, 2, 133 
cubitis trudere hine et inde [convivas], 
Mart. 3, 82,6: toe. one’s way through a 
crowd, cuneos (i. e. hominum) umbone 
repellere, Mart. 3, 46, 5. 

elbow-room: spatium satis laxum : 
ef. Liv. 10, 5, med.: quu satis laxo 
spatio equis permitti posset: (a place) 
where there is no é., locus artus, cf. Hor, 
Ep. 1, 5, 29. 

eld, i. e. olden time: priscum temp- 
us, Ov.: V. OLDEN, ANTIQUITY. 

elder (adj.): major natu (¥. OLD). 
The adj. is often used swbs., as, J have 
heard it said by my es, wudivi ex ma- 
joribus natu, Cie. 

elder (swbs.): in the church, pres- 
byter, éri, Tert.: Vulg. 

elder (subs.): the tree, sambiicus, i, 
J. Plin.; also sambucea arbor, Plin. 
An e.-berry, sambucum, Scrib.: ¢.-/lower 
wine, *vinum sambuceum. 

elderly: Pbr.: not quite an old 
man, but e., non admodum grandis natu, 
sed aetate provectus, Cic. Sen. 4, 10. 
(Provectior = elderly, occurs in late 
writers, as Pall., Arnob.) 

eldership: 1, presbytératus, ts, 
Hier. Q. presbytérium, Cypr. (Or 
by cireuml., presbyteri munus v. dig- 
nitas.) 


| office: 














eldorado; “aurea illa quam fabu 
lanuur regio. 
eldritch: nearest words perh., mi- 
rus, inisitatus, horrendus: vy, MARVEL- 
LOUS, FRIGHTFUL. 
elecampane: iniila, Hor.: Plin 
(inula hélénium, Webster). 
elect (v.): J. Zo select for some 
1, déligo, légi, lectum, 3 (t& 
choose out of a number who might all l- 
thought suitable): tris is the principle 
on uhich the Roman people ¢.s (=> makes 
choice of) its magistrates, sic P. BR 
deligit magistratus, Cic. Pl. 25, 62: v. 
TO CHOOSE. creo, 1 (the proper 
word to denote formal election): 
Caesar and Servilius ave e.'d consuls, 
consules creantur Caesar et Servilinus, 
Caes.: at Carthage two kings were e.'d 
annually, Carthagine quotannis bini 
reges creabantur, Nep.: Liv. Some- 
times, when precision is required, suf- 
fragiis is added: quum suffiagiis tres 
ex tribus generibus creati sunt, Cic. 
Werre2s 5 irn2'7> 8. (when stress is 
laid upon the mode of election, by vote) 
expr. by suffragiis, or suffragio, with va- 
rious verbs, as creo (Vv. supr.), facio, con- 
stituo: toe. anyone consul unanimously 
aliquem consulem cunctis suffragiis fa- 
cere, Cic. Fam. 15,12: he is unanimously 
e.’d general, constituitur dux omnium 
suffragio, Just. 1, 10, fin. In similar 
sense Livy has praervgativa: to be e.’d 
general by the soldiers, praerogativa 
militari in praetorium deferri, 21, 3. 
4, désigno, 1 (to nominate by vote ; 
chiefly in p. part., v. foll. art.): v. To 
APPOINT (1., 3). 5, cdopto, 1 (of 
election by a body of men themselves 
holding the office): to e. any one into the 
college of augurs, aliquem in collegium 
augurum ec., Cic. 6. sufficio, féci, 
fectum, 3 (to e. into a place prematurely 
vacant): since that time @ censor ts 
never e.’d to fill the place of one de- 
ceased, nec deinde unquam in demortui 
locum censor sufficitur, Liv. 5, 31. 
The active appears rar ly or never to 
be used in this sense: subrogo is used 
in corresponding sense ot the presiding 
magistrate or magistrates, cf. Cic. Rep. 
2, 36. (N.B. Eligo, which is to choose 
out of a promiscuous number, should 
not be used of jormal election. It is 
combined with creo, Suet. Vesp. 6: con- 
silium imeruut eligendi creandique im- 
peratoris, where eligo refers to the selec- 
tion of a man, creo to his appointment.) 
See also TO CHOOSE. |], _ In theol. sense : 
éligo, légi, lectum, 3: Vulg. Eph. i. 4: 
Aug. 
elect (part. adj.): |. Nominated 
to an oflice désignatus: consul e. con- 
sul d., Cic : aedile e., aedilis d., Varr. 
|], In theol. sense: Glectus: esp. in 
pl.: the e., electi, Vulg. Matt. xxiv. 22: 
Aug. 
election: |. The act of choosing : 
@lectio: v. cHorce. ff, Esp. tie act 
of choosing to fill an of).ce : 1, expr. 
by verb: as, immediately after their e. 
they brought forward a bill, *statim 
creati rogationem promulgaverunt: fo 
secure one’s e. by (profuse) bribery, 
*per largitionem (consulem, etc.) fieri: 
v. TO ELECT. 9. creatio: old law in 
Cie. Leg. 3, 3, 10. 3, suffragium, 
suffragia (strictly, the vole or voles 
given): to proceed lo the e., inire sul- 
tragium, Liv. 26, 18, ad jfin.: to be ap- 
pointed by e. (opp. to by lot), suffragiis 
creari, Cic. (v. TO ELECT, 1. 3): U the 
people had the right of free e., libera si 
dentur populo suffragia, Juv. 4. 
praerdgativa (meton.; 5 rictly, the tribe 
that voted first): an e& on the part of 
the soldiery, pr. militaris, Liv. 21, 3. 
Il]. The electrons as a transaction : 
j, cdmitia, Srum (the meeting of 
the people at which persons were elected): 
to hold or preside at the e¢.s, comitia 
habere, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3: Liv.: you will 
be in time for my brother Quintus’s ¢.8 
(i. e. at which he will be a candidate), 
obieris Q. fratris comitia, Cic. Att. 1, 4, 
I: sO mea, tua, sua, comitia, Cic.: con 
sular e.s, c. consularia, Liv.: es for tri- 
247 


ELECTIONEERING 





bumes, c. tribunicia, Cic. 9. expr. b 
ger. part.: to hold the e.s for consuls, *ad 
consules creandos, subrogandos (the 
latter in case of a premature vacancy) : 
Vv. TO ELECT. IV, In theol. sense, 
divine election: @lectio (aeterna), Hier. : 

Calv. 
electioneering : J. As subs., 
canvassing, whether for oneself or an- 
other : 1, pétitio, ambitio, prensatio 
(all used with ref, to the candidate, the 
last denoting his preparatory attempts 
to gain favour by personal address, Cic. 
Att. 1, I, ttt): v. CANVASS (subs.). 
9, expr. by verb: to be engaged in 
e., *prensando, circueundo (visiting, of 
the candidate or his friends) operam 
dare, candidato adesse: v. TO CANVASS. 
|J. As adj., proper to elections : can- 
didatorius (appertaining to a candi- 
date): in every kind of e. work, in omni 
munere candidatorio fungendo, Cic. Att. 
I,1,2. Phr.: e. tricks, *candidatorum 
artes, fallaciae, fucus; ambitus (v. AR- 
TIFICE, BRIBERY): by e. tricks, ambi- 
tiose (as one who courts favour), cf. Liv. 
I, 35, ad init. (amb. petere regnum). 


elective: Phr.: an e. monarch, 
*qui suffragiis (populi, etc.) rex creatur: 
an e. monarchy, *civitatis id genus in 
quo suffragiis rex creatur, constituitur : 
Vv. TO ELECT, 


elector: |. One who has the right 
of voting: 1, suffragator, Cic.: v. 
voter. Q, cui suffragii latio est (opp. 


to, qui sine suffragio habet civitatem), 
liv. 38, 36: to constitute them e.s, (iis) 
suffragium impertiri, Liv. lc. 3, *qui 
jus suffragii habet (Kr.: Geor.). Il. 
Esp. as German title, one who has a 
vote for the empire: *elector, M.L. 

electoral: perh. suffragatorius, Q. 
Cic. pet. cons. 7, med. 

electric *electricus, which, ex- 

STeetrienl teept in strictly scient. 
lang., should be supplemented by quem 
dicunt, qui dicitur, etc.: to be exposed to 
an e. current, *electrico quem dicunt 
afflatui subjici: by a kind of e. current, 
*quasi electrico quodam ui dicitur af- 
flatu. The e. eel, *torpedo, raia torpedo, 
Cycl. 

electricity; *vis electrica (quae 


electrify : 


J. Lit.: *electrica vi 
afficio, imbuo. 


[]. Fig., to produce 
an excitement : 1, perh. percello, 
culi, culsum, 3: cf. Flor. 1, to (tanta 
admiratione perculit): v. TO ASTOUND. 

Q. expr. by vibro, 1 (to thrill, 
vibrate) : the eloquence (of Demosthenes) 
would not so e. unless...., Ccujus non 
tam vibrarent fulmina illa, nisi...., 
Cic. Or. 40, fin.: Vv. TO THRILL. 


electuary: 14, @lectarium or élec- 
tuarium, Coel. Aur. Q, ecligma, Atis, 
n., Plin. 


eleemosynary: quod ad eleemo- 
3ynas pertinet: v. ALMS. 
elegance: 1. élégantia ( fine 
taste): wonderful e. of style, mira ser- 
monis e., Quint. 10, I, 114 (where he is 
speaking of Caesar): ¢. in the arrange- 
ment of hair, e. capilli, Plin. Join: 
elegantia et munditia (orationis), Cic. 
Or. 23, jin.: Vv. REFINEMENT, TASTE 
(Goon). 2, wunditia, less freq. 
mundities, @i (strictly, neatness; but 
usa. implying some adornment: often 
pl., munditiae, arum):; e. (of style) that 
ts not over-done or far-/etched, m. non 
odiosa neque exquisita nimis, Cic. Off. 
1, 36, 130 (ct. supr. 1): simple in thine 
é., simplex munditiis, Hor.: the pl. is 
also used contemptuously, v. FINERY. 
3. vénustas: v. GRACE, BEAUTY. 
4, urbanitas (the e. and refinement 
of town-life): Vv. REFINEMENT. 
concinnitas (prop. of that which is 
marked by adjustment, fitness) : finished 
e. of style, ornata sententiarum c., Cic. 
Also used in inferior sense: see PRETTI- 
NESS. 6. amoenitas (strictly, delight- 
fulness): not unsuitable e.s (of digres- 
sions), non intempestivae a., Plin. Ep. 
I, 2, 4: @8 of expression, amoenitates 
verborum, Gell. 12, 1, fin. 7, décor 
Gris: v. GRACE. 
248 








ELEPHANT 


ELICIT 


See ee a) 


elegant: 14. élégans, ntis (marked 
by good taste: also used in bad sense, v. 
FASTIDIOUS): an e. speaker, e. in Gi- 
cendo, Cic. Br. 68, 239: @ most e. poet, 
poeta elegantissimus, Nep. Att. 12, 4: 
V. REFINED. 2, mundus (strictly 
neat : hence, elegantly dressed or tricked 
out; also, by anal., of language): dress 
more e. than was proper (of a vestal), 
mundior justo cultus, Liv. 8, 15: the e. 
Menander, m. Menander, Prop. Join: 
mundi, venusti, limati, of verses, Gell. 
8, vénustus: Vv. GRACEFUL, BEAU- 
TIFUL. 4, urbanus: v. REFINED. 
5, concinnus (harmoniously ar- 
ranged): e. and graceful language, sen- 
tentiae c. et venustae, Cic. Br. 95, 325. 
Join: concinnus et elegans, Cic. ;. 
comptus (orig. of hair that has been 
dressed: hence fig., of speech, etc.): e. 
and gentle eloquence, c. et mitis oratio, 
Cic. Sen. 9, 28: more e. language, comp- 
tior oratio, Tac. Join: comptus et 
nitidus (in dicendo), Quint. 7, niti- 
dus (spruce, neat, well-conditioned) : e. 
(fellows) with well-combed locks, pexo 
capillo nitidi, Cic. (cf. supr. 6). 8, 
lautus (usu. implying magnificence as 
well as elegance) : V. SUMPTUOUS. 


elegantly : 1, Gléganter (with 
good taste): Cic. 2. mundé (not in 


Cic.): Sen. 8. vénusté, Cic.: v. 
GRACEFULLY. 4, urbané: Cic.: v. 
POLITELY. 5. concinné: Pl. (For 


syn. see adj.) 

elegiac: élégiiicus: an e. poem, e. 
carmen, Diom.: M.L. £. verse, élégi, 
orum, Hor.; described by him as versus 
impariter juncti, A. P. 75. 

elegy: 1. élégia, Ov.: Quint.: for 
which, élégion, Aus. Dimin., élégidion, 
a small or short e., Pers.; élégidarion, 
Petr. 2, élégi, orum, Hor. (v. preced. 
art.). 

element: |. 4 first principle, 
constituent part: 1, élémentum : 
those are called first principles, and to 
translate from the Greek e.s, illa initia 
(apxat), et ut e Graeco vertam ele- 
menta, Cic. Acad. 1,7, 26: also used in 
sing., Plin. 9. (only in pl.) principia 
rerum, Cic.; who adds, e quibus omnia 
constant, Acad. 2, 36, fin. 3, initia, 
orum (also only pl.): v. supr. 1. " 
primordia, orum (also only pl.): to 
unite the es in pairs, conduplicare pr. 
rerum, Lucr. 1, 713: it is the term most 
freq. used by Lucr. of his elemental 
atoms, 1, 815, etc. Phr.: to be formed 
out of four e.s, quatuor ex rebus creari, 
Luer.: (Thales) affirmed water to be the 
one primary é€., ex aqua dixit constare 
omnia, Cic. Acad. 2, 37: (the Pythago- 
reans) make numbers and mathematical 
principles to be the primary e.s, eX nu- 
meris et mathematicorum initiis pro- 
ficisci volunt omnia, Cic. 1. c. ll. Of 
@ science or art: in pl. only: 1, prin- 
cipia, Orum (first principles), Ciec.: v. 
PRINCIPLES. 2, elémenta, 6rum: the 
e.s of spealcing, e. loquendi, Cic. Acad. 2, 
28, fin. : Quint. 3, primordia, drum: 
the e.s of speaking, pr. dicendi, Quint. 

4, ridimenta, drum: v. RUDIMENTS. 
Ill. Proper region or field: Phr.: 

to be out of one’s e. in anything, pere- 
grinum atque hospitem in aliqua re esse, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 50, fin.: to move freely, 
and as tf in its own element, libere ac 
solute (quasi in proprio suo campo] 
moveri, cf. Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100. 

elementary: |. Constituent: 1, 
primus: e. bodies, pr. corpora, Lucr. 1, 
62. (But in this sense the word is usu. 
joined with bodies = primordia, prin- 
cipia: v. ELEMENT, 1.). 2. simplex, 
icis (not composite): Vv. SIMPLE. ll. 
Primary, of lessons: Phr.: e. tnstiuc- 
tion, elementa puerorum, Quint. (v. 
ELEMENT, I1.): an e. work, *libe. de 
primis alicujus rei elementis scriptus : 
an e. school, ludus literarius, Quint. 
(Elementarius senex, Sen. Kp. 36, 4, is 
an old man who is still learning his 
letters.) See also CHILDISH. 

elephant: 1, éléphantus, i, c. 
(the ordinary word): es are furnished 
with a hand (or trunk), manus etiam 





data elephantis, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, fin.: 
Liv. 9. éléphas, ntis, m. (not in Cic., 
and rarely in any case except the nom.): 
Sen.: Mart. 3, barrus, i, m. (from 7fs 
cry): Hor.: _Isid. 4. (when the 
proper name has been before used) be- 
lua, Flor. 1, 18: Curt. Phr.: e-paper, 
*charta amplissimae formae. 

elephantiasis: ¢léphantiasis, is, f., 
Plin.; €léphantidsis, Veg.; &léphantia, 
Scrib.; éléphanticus morbus,  Isid. ; 
elephas morbus, Lucr. Afflicted with e., 
elephantiacus and -icus, Firm. Math. 

elephantine: barrinus: ears of e. 
size, aures immanitate barrinae, Sidon. 
(Or expr. by gen. of elephantus, cf. Pl. 
Mil. 2, 2, 82.) In fig. sense, as e. sport, 
raillery, *\udus (jocus) vastus ac parum 
venustus, V. AWKWARD. (Hléphantinus 
is made of ivory.) 

elevate: |. Zo lift up (in lit. 
sense): tollo, attollo, lévo: v. TO RAISE, 
Lirt up. Phr.: to e. the host, elevare 
hostiam salutarem, Honor. Ep. in Hook’s 
Ch. Dict. |j, In fig. sense, to exalt, 
raise to a higher pitch: 1, tollo, sus- 
tiili, sublatum, 3: to e. to threefold ho- 
nours, tergeminis t. honoribus, Hor. : 
Liv.: v. TO RAISE. 2. évého, xi, 
ctum, 3: to e. to the gods, e. ad Deos, 
Hor.: v. TO EXALT. Phr.: to e. the 
voice, vocem attollere, Quint. il. 
Only in pass., to be elevated, as by good 
fortune or wine: v. ELATED. 

elevated (part. adj.): |, Lit. 
rising to a height: 1, éditus: Join: 
(locus) praecelsus atque editus, Cic. : 
Tac. (who has edita in altum, Hist. 3, 
41): compar. editior, Caes. B. C. 1, 7 

2. celsus, excelsus, praecelsus: v. 
LOFTY. 3, altus, praealtus: v. HIGH. 
4. (of the voice) aciitus: a very e. 

pitch, acutissimus sonus, Quint. Phr.: 
(it becomes plain) how e. the summits are, 
quam in ardua summa sint, Sen. Ep. 
rit, 2. |. Fig., having an exalted 
nature : 1, élatus (as epith. of ani- 
mus): what has been done in a great and 
e. spirit, quod animo magno et e. factum 
sit, Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61: how e. a spirit he 
displays, quam elato est animo! Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 40, 96 (see also ELATED). 2, 
celsus, excelsus: V. LOFTY. 


elevation: |, he act of uplift- 
ing: 1, élatio (more freq. in fig. 


sense): Vitr. 2, allévatio (not in 
this sense in Cic.): e. and shrugging of 
the shoulders, humerorum al. atque con- 
tractio, Quint. 11, 3, 83. 3, oftener 
expr. by verb: v. TO ELEVATE. (N.B. 
Not elevatio, which is disparagement : 
unless in tech. sense, elevatio hostiae 
Hook’s Ch. Dict.) Il, Fig.: in va- 
rious applications : 1, élatio: e. of 
style, e. [atque altitudo] orationis, Cic. : 
e. and greatness of mind, e. atque mag- 
nitudo animi, Cic. 2. altitudo: v. 
LOFTINESS. 3, contentio (the act of 
straining; esp. of the voice): cf. Cic. 
Brut. 65, 233: ‘“animi magna, vocis 
parva contentio.” Phr.: e. of voice, 
vocis elati modi (opp. inferiores), Quint. 
II, 3, 17: very great e. of pitch, sonus 
acutissimus, ib. 41. Il. A rising 
ground: timiulus, stipérior locus: v. 
HEIGHT, 

eleven: undécim; distrib. undéni, 
ae, a: e. times, undécies, Cic.: the num- 
ber e., humerus undenarius, Aug. 
eleventh: undécimus, Virg.: @ sol-~ 
dier of the e. legion, undecimanus miles, 
Plin. 

elf (no exact word): *numen quod- 
dam phantasticum: v. FAIRY. 
elfin, elf-like (mo exact word): 
perh. pbhantasticus, vix humanus, 
mnirus. 
elf-locks: perh. intorti capilli, cf. 
Hor. Od. 2, 13, 35. 
elicit: 1. élicio, ui, itum, 3 (¢o 
tempt forth, induce to appear): to e. 
secrets, arcana e., Liv.: to e. the truth. 
veritatem e., Tac. (comp. Quint. 5, 7, 
20): toe. fire by strilcing stones together, 
ignem lapidum conflictu e., Cic. OH 
exprimo, pressi, ssum, ; (by pressure; 
to extort): toe. a confession by torture, 
confessionem cruciatu ex., Suet.: v. TO 





ELIDE 





EXTORT, WRING FROM. Phr.: to e. a} 
laugh srom mourners, risum lugentibus 
evocare, Suet. (but risum movere is 
more freq.: v. LAUGH}: to e. anything 
from any one by wheedling, coaxing, 
aliquid eblandiri, Cic.: Liv.: to e. te 
truth (from a man) against his will, 
extorquere quum is noluerit, Quint. 
elide: élido, si, sum, 3: to e. letters, 
litteras e., Gell. 
eligibility: 1. opportiinitas (of 
time, place, etc.): Caes,: v. FITNESS. 
2. of persons, with ref. to an ofjice, 
expr. by circuml.: a law declaring the 
e. of plebeians for the consular office, 
*lex qua plebeius consul fieri poterat; 
qua plebeio fieri consuli licebat: there 
ts no doubt of his e. for the office, *non 
dubium est quin per leges ad id munus 
deligi possit: they fixed a later age for 
e. to the consulate, grandiorem aetatem 
ad consulatum constituebant, Cic. Phil. 
5, 17, 47: simly, age of e. for the con- 
é, aetas consularis, ib. § 48: see also 
foll. art. 
eligible: 1, opportiinus (of time, 
place, etc.): Vv. FIT, SUITABLE. 2. of 
persons, with ref. to an office: *qui per 
leges (jure) deligi possit : such persons 
are e. as guardians, hos tutores [per 
leges] instituere possumus, cf. Gai. 1, 
147: he was not e. for the office on ac- 
count of youth, nondum ad petendum 
feonsulatum] legitima aetas [erat illi}, 
Liv. 25, 2: a bill was brought forward 
concerning the age at which persons 
should be e. for an office, rogatio lata est, 
quot annos nati quemque magistratum 
peterent caperentque, Liv. 40, 44, init. 
See also QUALIFIED. 
eliminate: Amodveo, aimolior: v. To 
REMOVE, GET RID OF. 
elision; *élisio, M.L. 
elite; flos, rdbur (of troops): v. 
FLOWER. 
elixir: *elixir, elixirium, Med. L.: 
usu. better introduced by quod dicunt, 
quod volunt alchemistae. Pure Lat. 
potio (illa) vitalis (?), 
elk: alces, is, f.: Caes.: Plin. 
ell: ulna: Virg.: Hor. (also= the 
double arms, Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 202). 
ellipse, ellipsis: 1. Ellipsis, is, 
f-: Quint. (who however writes the 
word with Gk. letters, and uses it in 
somewhat diff. sense from the Eng.): 
Herm. (“de ellipsi et pleonasmo”’) : 
Bos. Also used in math. sense, Cartes. 
2. détractio (rhetor.), given by 
Quint. as pure Lat. for preced., 1, 5, 40. 
8, délectio: Macr.: v. foll. art. 
elliptical: |, Rhetor.: praecisus 
(of language in any way curt, abrupt, 
q- V.): Quint. 10, 2, 17. Phr.: Servius 
replied that the expression is e., re- 
spondit Servius, sic hoc dictum esse ut 
pleraque per defectionem dici solent, 
Macr. S. 6, 8, init. ‘|, Mathemat. : 
*ellipticus, Cartes. 
elliptically: per defectionem, v. 
preced, art. ; praecis@: Vv. ABRUPTLY, 
elm: ulmus, i, f: Virg.: Hor.: 
Plin. Of elm, ulmens: e. twigs, u. vir- 
gae, Pl.: Col.: a plantation or grove of 
e. trees, ulmarium, Plin. (Ulmétum 
was also used: Fore. s. v.) 
elocution: pronuntiatio: v. DELr- 
verY. (Elocutio and locutio refer to 
the language rather than the manner of 
spealeing: ct. Cic. Inv. 1, 7,9: “elo- 
cutio est idoneorum verborum et sen- 
tentiarum ad inventionem accommo- 
datio ;” und Brut. 74, init... Phr.: an 
e.-master, rhétor, declamandi magister, 
Cic.: Vv. DECLAMATION. 
elongate: prodiico, 
LENGTHEN. 
elongated (part. adj.): praelongns, 
Lucr.: Plin.: v. Lone. 
elongation; expr. by praelongus, 
etc.: remarkable Jor the e. of its horns, 
*praelongis cornibus insignis: the con- 
Sequence ts an e. of the tail, *hac re lon- 
gior fit cauda. 
elope: (domo) fiigio, aufiigio: v. To 
BUN AWAY. Pbhr.: she ed with her 
over, *inscio atque invito patre [tutore, 
ete.) una cum amatore domo profugit. 


Zs Van ee. 


ELSE 





elopement: (?) fiiga: v. FLIGHT. 
(Or expr. by verb~ v. preced. art.) 

eloquence: 1, éléquentia (the 
art of accomplished speaking, based 
upon theory and developed by practice) : 
e. 8 nothing else than wisdom speaking 
in an accomplished way, nihil est aliud 
e. nisi copiose loquens sapientia, Cic. 
Part. 23, 719: e€. made for the forum, foro 
nata e., Cic.; the result of e. ts the as- 
sent of your audience, effectus eloquen- 
tiae est audientium approbatio, Cic. : 
Jinished e., perfecta e., Cic. (N.B. Not 
loquentia: cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 5.) So: 
facundia (the natural gift; not used in 
Cic.): Cicero the father of (Roman) 
e., facundiae parens Cicero, Plin. : neither 
e. nor piety (shall prevail upon the 
grave), non f., non pietas, Hor.: the 
brilliant and powerful e. of Memmius, 
Memmii f. clara pollensque, Sall. 3: 
dicendi vis, ficultas, etc.: to possess 
very great é., summam vim dicendi ha- 
bere, Cic.: Athens stuod in awe of the e. 
and terrors of Pericles, Athenae (Pe- 
riclis) vim dicendi terroremque timu- 
erunt, Cic. Br. 11, 44: e. was first de- 
veloped and perfected at Athens, (Athe- 
nis) dicendi vis et inventa et perfecta, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 4, 13: Nature endowed him 
(Hortenstus) with the highest degree of 
é., cui summam [copiam] facultatemque 
dicendi natura largita est, Cic.: to im- 
part the principles of e., praecepta di- 
cendi tradere, Cic.: a kind of e. adapted 
Jor the bar, genus dicendi judiciis ap- 
tum, Cic.: the principles of e. (collect- 
ively), disciplina dicendi, Cic. (Elo- 
quendi vis is utterance: cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 
59, 148; Or. 19, 61.) Phr.: to speak 
with e., copiose dicere, Cic.: e. and 
grace bedeck the moneyed man, bene 
nummatum decorat Suadela Venusque, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 38: v. PERSUASION. 

eloquent: 1, éloquens, ntis (for 
Sy. V. ELOQUENCE): I have known some 
clever speakers, but as yet not one e. 
man, disertos cognovi nonnullos, e. ad- 
huc neminem, Cic. Or. 1, 21, 94: where 
the eloquens is further defined, “ elo- 
quentem vero, qui mirabilius et magni; 
ficentius augere posset atque ornare 
quae vellet.” Join: eloquens et in 
dicendo suavis et ornatus, Cic. 5: 
facundus (for syn. Vv. ELOQUENCE): the 
e. Ulysses, f. Ulysses, Ov.: (Mercury) e. 
grandson of Atlas, f. nepos Atlantis, 
Hor.. Sall.: Tac. 3, disertus (able to ex- 
press oneself freely and grammatically : 
v. supr. 1): Join: copiosus et disertus, 
Cic.; disertus et ornate dicens, Cic. 
Quint. has disertus of the truly eloquent 
man: itis the heart and the energy of 
soul that makes men e., pectus est quod 
disertos facit, et vis mentis, 10, 7, 15. 
Phr.: to be very e., imprimis in dicendo 
florere, Nep.; dicendi facultate florere, 
Cic.; *plurimum in dicendo valere, pol- 
lere: to be the most e. of all, eloquentia 
omnes praestare, Nep. 

eloquently: 1, copidsé (of one 
who speaks with all the vesources of 
eloquence): Join: composite, ornate, 
copiose loqui; copiosissime et gravis- 
sime dicere, Cic. (But for this sense it 
must be joined to a verb of speaking.) 

2, tacundé not in Cic.): Liv.: 

Tac. 3. disert@ (v. ELOQUENT, 3): 
Join: diserte copioseque dicere, Cic. 
(Diserte alone has also the meaning 
expressly, Liv. 21,19.) 4, éldquenter, 
Plin. Ep. 

else (adj.): only found in connexion 
with certain other words: some one, 
something else: 1, alius, a, ud (v. 
ANOTHER, OTHER): ”O one e., nemo 
alius, Cic.: nor ts philosophy anything 
e. than the pursuit of wisdom, nec quic- 
quam aliud est philosophia praeter stu- 
dium sapientiae, Cic. (for the sequence 
of alius v. L. G. § 630). Q. alter, 
éra, érum (with ref. only to a second 
person or thing): no one e. (i. e. no 
second person), nemo alter, Plin. 

else (adv.): |, Besides: praetérea : 
a voice and nothing e., *vox et praeterea 
nihil: v, BESIDES. Somewhere e., alibi 
(v. ELSEWHERE): from somewhere e., 











EMANATE 





aliunde, Cic.: from nowhere e., *nullo 
alio loco (but often expr. by nec aliunde, 
Cic. Lig. 1, 1). Il. Otherwise: Ali- 
Oquin, alidqui; Aliter: J believe there 
was very little desire of that in former 
times, or e. many instances would be 
extant, credo minimam olim istius rei 
fuisse cupiditatem ; alioquin multa ex- 
starent exempla, Cic. Leg. 2, 25,62: v. 
OTHERWISE. 

elsewhere: 1, Alibi: ¢. than at 

Rome, a. quam Romae, 'l’ac.: Cic.; Liv. 
2. alio léco; v. ANOTHER, 3. 
alias (rare in this sense): Plin. 
elucidate: 1. illustro, 1: Joins 
patefacere atque illustrare [Jus obscurum 
et ignotum], Vic. 2. explico, 1: v. 
TO EXPLAIN. (Dilicido occurs in Auct, 
Her. 3, 4, 8, but in somewhat diff. 
sense, ) 

elucidation: explicitio: v. ExpLa- 
NATION. (Or expr. by verb: v. To ELU- 
CIDATE.) 

elucidatory: quod ad »m illus- 
trandam, patefaciendam, etc., pertinet: 
V. TO ELUCIDATE, 

elucidator: interpres: v. DINTER- 
PRETER. 

elude: 1, élido, si, sum, 3 (prop. 
to avoid a blow, in fencing): to e. 
the spear when discharged, emissam e. 
hastam, Mart. Also fig., to e. (baulk) a 
person, and in every way baffle him, 
aliquem e. atque omni ratione jactare, 
Cic. Div. Verr. 14, 45: toe. the force of a 
law, vim legis e., Suet. Aug. 34. i" 
fiustror, 1 (to disappoint, baulk): Cloe- 
lia ed her keepers, Cloelia custodes 
frustrata est, Liv. 3. labor, psus, 
3 (to steal out from: with prep.): 
having e.d so many and so weighty 
charges, ex tot tantisque criminibus 
elapsus, Cic.: also with al. only, Virg. 

4, vito, Gvito, déclino, 1: v. To 
AvoID. Phr.: ¢o try to e. the point 
(as a witness reluctant to give evi- 
dence), tergiversari, Cic. (v. 10 SHUFFLE, 
QUIBBLE): to e. a law, legi fraudem 
facere,Cic. _ 

Elysian: Elysius, Virg. 
_Elysium: 1, Elysium, Virg. 2, 
Elysii campi, Virg.: Tib. See also 
PARADISE. HEAVEN. 

emaciate: 1. émacio, 1 (to render 
thin, cause the loss of flesh): to e. cattle 
(as green food does), pecus e., Col. (But 
the word appears not to be found with 
ref. to human beings.) 2. macéro, 1 
(rare in this sense: Vv. TO WEAR OUT): 
PlaCaps 3.4) 22: 8, atténuo, 1: 
nights spent in wakefulness e. the bodies 
of youth, at. juvenum vigilatae corpora 
noctes, Ov.: v. TO WASTE away. (But 
the word is chiefly used in p. part., as 
part. adj.: v. foll. art.) 

emaciated (part. adj.): ‘1, expr. 
by micies, éi: how infirm, how e., qua 
imbecillitate, qua macie, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 
12: a man shrivelled up and e., homo 
[vegrandi] macie torridus, Cic. Rull. 2, 
34, 93 (the vegrandi is somewhat doubt- 
ful): the e. form of the man, confecta 
macie forma viri, Virg.: ¢. horses, cor- 
rupti macie equi, Cues. 9, macer, 
cra, crum (applied to animals, parts of 
the human body, soils): V. LEAN, THEN 

8. miacilentus (rare): Pl Phr.: 
to become e., emacrescere or emacescere 
Cels.; macrescere, Hor.; macescere, 
Varr.: Vv. TO WASTE AWAY. 

emaciation: 1, micies, éi: Cic. 
Virg.: v. preced. art. (1). x tabes, 
is, f. (of some wasting disease): Plin. 

emanate: |, 70 be given off from 
something : 1, fluo, xi, xum, 3: 
images are perpetually eing from all 
bodies, perpetuo fluunt ab rebus (simu- 
lacra), Lucr. 4, 145, sqg.: in same sense 
(of the Epicurean simulacra) Quint. has 
effluere, 10, 2, 15: many influences flow 
and e. from the moon, multa ab lina fi. 
et manant, Cic. 2. expr. by pass. of 
mitto (émitto), misi, missum, 3: that 
thin films e. from bodies, tenues figuras 
mittier (mitti) ab rebus, Lucr. 4, 46: 
cf. vv. 52,85. 3, simly, fundor, faisus, 
3 (effundor, diffundor): cf. Lucr. 4, 50 

249. 


EMANATION 





I]. To originate with: 1, emano, 
1: from that source evils have e.d, istinc 
mala emanaverunt, Cic.: simly, mano, 
Cic.: v. TO FLOW From. -Q, Orior, 
ortus, 4: V. TO ARISE, ORIGINATE. 
emanation: i.e. that which is given 
off from : 1, simtilacrum: the term 
applied by Lucr. to the e.s of Epicurus, 
4, 34. Q, expr. by verb: these filmy 
Jigures are e.s from bodies, *effluunt hae 
tenues figurae a summis corporibus: cf. 
TO EMANATE. Phr.: an e. from the 
divine spirit, divinae particula aurae, 
Hor.: the human race is an e. from 
thence (the universal mind), inde homi- 
num genus [sumptum, decerptum}, Virg. 
6, 727. 
emancipate : 1, manumitto, 
misi, missum, 3: also as two words, 
manu mitto, émitto: v. TO MANUMIT, 
2. eEmancipo, 1 (to release a son 
from the patria potestas by forma! 
sale): Liv.: Gai. 3, libéro, 1 (in 
widest sense: with or without servi- 
tute): Britain e.d her slaves, and paid 
a compensation to their owners, * Bri- 
tannia servos suos seryitute liberavit, 
pretio eorum dominis compensato: v. 
TO LIBERATE, RELEASE, 
emancipation : 1, manimissio 
(of a slave by his master) : Cic. i 
emancipatio (of a son): Gai.: Ulp. 
8, libératio (in gen. sense): Cic.. 
v. LIBERATION. (Or expr. by verb: v 
TO EMANCIPATE.) 
emancipator : 1, manumissor 
(for syn. see verb), Marcell. Dig. : 
emancipator: Prud. 3, libérator: v. 
LIBERATOR. 
emasculate: |. Physically: cas- 
tro, émasciilo, 1: V. TO CASTRATE. Il. 
Fig.: to render in any way weak: 
mollio: €nervo: v. TO ENERVATE. 
emasculated (part. adj.) : 15 
effeminatus (both lit. and fig.): @ voice 
e. by debaucheries, vox stupris eff., Cic. : 
2. and feeble composition, compositio 
eff. et enervata, Quint. 9. mollis, e: 
e. delivery (of a speaker), m. actio, 
Quint. In most offensive sense, Phaedr. : 
Mart. (mollis vir = catamitus, cf. Mart. 
3, 73): V. EFFEMINATE. 3, turpis, e: 
cf. Hor. Od. 1, 37, 10. See also ENER- 
VATED. 
embalm: condio, 4: fo e. the dead 
(as the Egyptians), mortuos c., Cic. 
‘Tac. has the fuller expr., corpus dif- 
fertum odoribus condire, Ann. 16, 6. 
(Pollingo is to lay out and cleanse a 
body for the funeral pile.) 
embalmment: expr. by verb: the 
different modes of e., *corporum condi- 
endorum modi diversi : v. preced. art. 
embank : 1. expr. by moles, 
agger (the former, esp. of embanking by 
masses of stone or earth let down into 
the water), with a verb: toe. the sea, 
moles mari injicere, Vell. 2, 33, fim. (cf. 
Hor. Od. 3, 1, 33, “jactis in altum moli- 
bus”); moles fluctibus opponere, Cic. 
Off. 2, 4, 14: when the embankment 
rises im the form of a mound it 1s an 
agger, cf. Virg. A. 2, 496. See also To 
DAM, and comp. foll. art. 9. aggéro, 
1: esp. of banking up trees, Col. 
embankment: _ 1. moles, is, f.: 
(a place) protected by wonderful e.s, 
mirificis m. munitus, Cic. Att 4, 16, 7: 
more fully, moles aquae fluctibus oppo- 
sita: v. preced. art. Q, agger, éris, 
m.: V. MOUND, BANK. 3. (2) pons, 
ntis, m.: the term pontes was applied 
to long e.s across marshes, cf. Tac. A. 1, 
63, where he describes the e. in ques- 
tion as “trames vastas inter paludes 
. ee ee aggeratus.” 4, aggératio: 
cf. Just. 2, 1, fin. (al. exaggerationibus). 
embargo: Phr.: to lay ane. upon 
a vessel, *naves ab exitu prohibere 
(Quich.) ; naves retinere, Liv. (in Kr.) : 
to remove the e., *iaves dimittere, missas 
facere (Kr.). 
embark: A, Trans.: To put 
on board: impono, posui, itum, 3 (both 
with in navem ov naves, and absol.) : 
the legions and cavalry were e.’d at 
Brundisium, legiones equitesque Brun- 
aisii in naves impositi, Caes.: the abl. 
250 











EMBASSY 


lig also fonnd after impono, without 
prep.: “vetustissima nave impositos,” 
Suet. Caes. 66; also dat. navi (poet.): 
to e. statues, signa imp., Cic. Fig.: to 
e. any one in an undertaking, *aliquem 
implicare, adsciscere (ad aliquam rem): 
v. T0 INVOLVE, ENTANGLE. B. In- 
trans.: J, Lit.: togoon board ship: 
1, conscendo, di, sum, 3 (with navem, 
in navem or absol.): hee.’dima transport 
ship, navem frumentariam conscendit, 
Caes.: as he was in the act of e.ing, 
conscendens jam navem, Cic.: I write 
this letter immediately after e.ing, in 
(navem) simul atque conscendi, naec 
scripsi, Cic. (the prep. before navem 
renders the phrase more precisely de- 
scriptive): I should like you to e. with 
all speed, and come to me, velim quam 
primum conscendas adque me venias, 
Cic. 9. ascendo, di, sum, 3 (usu. 
with in navem; also sometimes with 
acc. alone; cf. Nep. Epam. 4. 5; Them. 
8, 6, where escend- is a v. U.): he e.'d 
with the ashes of Germanicus, ascendit 
classem cum cineribus Germanici, ‘Tac. 
A. 2, 75: Ter. 8, escendo, di, sum, 
3 (to go up on board: same constr. as 
preced.): he e.’d as a stranger to all the 
crew, in navem omnibus ignotus navi- 
bus escendit (al. ascendit), Nep. Them. 
8,6. (Scandere navem is poet.: Prop.) 
Il. Fig.: to enter upon: Phr.: 
toe. in @ cause, descendere in causam 
(where the figure is borrowed from the 
arena), Cic.: to e. upon a (particular) 
course, rationem inire, Cic.: v. TO ENTER 
UPON. 
embarkation: comscensio (rare): 
Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68. (Usu. better expr. 
by verb, after the e. of his army, exer- 
citu (in naves) imposito, etc.: v. TO 


EMBARK.) 
embarrass: |. To hinder, ham- 
per: 1, impédio, 4: e.’d by domestic 


misfortune, malis domesticis impeditus, 
Cic.: Ter. : v. TO HINDER, HAMPER. 
implico, avi and ui, atum and itum, 1: 
v. TO ENTANGLE, Phr.: toe. a@ person, 
moram et impedimentum alicui inferre, 
Cic.: to be e.’d by so many concerns, tot 
negotiis distineri, Cic. (v. 10 DISTRACT) ; 
I have e.’d the fellow, injeci scrupulum 
homini, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 19. ||. 70 con- 
fuse; chiefly in pass., to be e.’d or ata 
loss: 1, haereo, si, sum, 2: to be ¢.’d 
with the multitude of names, in multis 
nominibus h., Cic.: the rogue was e.’d, 
ne knew not where to turn, haerebat 
nebulo, quo se verteret non habebat, 
Cic. 2. perturbo, turbo, I (in pass., 
or with pron. refl.): V.TO DISCONCERT, 
CONFUSE. 
embarrassed (part. adj.): 1. 
impéditus: an e. mind (i.e. which is 
engrossed by other affairs than those 
requiring attention), im. animus, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 3,8. Q, dubius: v. DOUBTFUL, 
PEKPLEXING. 
embarrassing (a4j.): 1, im- 
péditus : cf. Cic. Mil. 20, 54, “ quid 
horum non impeditissimum?” of Milo’s 
inconvenient equipage. 2. scriipi- 
ldsus (presenting many difficulties: 
“ scrupulosam rem dicimus, quae aliquid 
habet in se asperi,” Festus in Force.) : 
an e. discussion, s. disputatio, Quint. 9, 
I, 7: an e. part of a subject, s. locus, 
Aus. 8. dubius: v. DOUBTFUL. 
embarrassment: 1, implicatio 
(entanglement) : on account of pecu- 
niary €., propter imp. rei familiaris, Cic. 
2. angustiae, arum (straits): incre- 
dible financial e. (of the state), incredi- 
biles a. pecuniae publicae, Cic. Fam. 12, 
30, med.; ang. aerarii, Cic. 3. diffi- 
cultas: Vv. DIFFICULTY. 4, scripilus 
(anything productive of hesitation, wn- 
easiness): hereupon some e. vas caused 
on the part of the men, hic tum injectus 
est hominibus s., Cic. Cl. 28, 76: to 
remove e., Ss. alicui cximere, Plin. jun. : 
Vv. DIFFICULTY (II., 5). See also HEsI- 
TATION, HINDRANCE, CONFUSION. 
embassy: 1. légatio (in both 
abstr. and concr. sense): to make a re- 
port of one’s e., 1. renuntiare, Cic.: to 
| give a false account of an e. (of Aes- 





EMBLEM 


ET 


chines), 1. ementiri, Cic. opt. gen. Or. 9 


21: chief of an é., legationis princeps, 
Cic. 92. legati, orum: they send an 
e. concerning peace, legatos de pace mit- 
tunt, Liv.; with plenipotentiary powers, 
cum liberis mandatis, Liv.: Cic.: v. AM- 
BAssADOR. Phr.: an e. ts sent to ap- 
proach the majesties, legantur qui reges 
adeant, Sall. (the phrase legatus legar2 
also occurs, Cic. Vat. 15, 35). 
embattled (part. adj.): (acies) in- 
structa: v. TO DRAW uP (LIL). 
embayed (part. adj.): 
maris [reducto] inclusus. 
embedded (put. adj.): (?)situs: e. 
in honey, in melle s., Lucr. 3, 905. 
embellish: ormo, exorno, distinguo, 
etc. : Vv. TO ADORN. 
embellisher: exornator: not es of 


*in sinu 


facts, but narrators, non exormatores 


rerum sed narratores, Cic. 
embellishment: ornamentum, dé- 
cus, etc.: V. ORNAMENT. Phr.: to speak 
with all the e.s of rhetoric, ornate dicere, 
Cic.: to aim rather at the e. of facts 
than the accurate narration of them, 
*res gestas magis exornare quam fideli- 
ter narrare. 
embers: cinis, éris, m. and some- 
times f.; favilla: v. ASHES. 
ember-days: *quatuor temipora je- 
junii: v. Encycl. Brit. s. v. 
embezzle: _ 1, averto, ti, sum, 5 
(to divert money from its legitimate 
application): to e. public money, pecu- 
riam publicam a., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, 11: 
to e. an inheritance, hereditatem a., Cic. 
2. péciilor, 1 (rare): to e. the pro- 
perty of the state, rempublicam p., Flor. 
3, 17, med. 3. intercipio, cépi, cep- 
tum, 3: sums ed from the public trea- 
sury, interceptae e publico pecuniae, 
Tac.: cf. Flor. 1. ¢. (interceptis vecti- 
galibus). 4, interverto, ti, sum, 3 
(to appropriate in an underhand way) : 
to e. the revenues of a city, vectigalia 
publica int., Suet. Vit. 7, med.; cf. Cic. 
Phil. 2, 32, 79 (where the verb is used 
of an office stolen from another). 5. 
supprimo, pressi, pressum, 3 (lit. to keep 
a sum of money out of the accounts) : 
having received the money from his 
ward, he ed it, quae quum a pupillo 
accepisset, suppressit, Cic. Cl. 25, 68. 
6, fraudo, 1 (with acc. of person 
whose property is e.d): v. TO DEFRAUD, 
CHEAT. 
embezzlement : 1, pécilatus, 
ls: e. of public moneys, p. publicus, 
Liv.: to practise e., p. facere, Cic.: to 
accuse of e., peculatiis accusare, Auct. 
ad Her. Q, suppressio: e.s of moneys 
intended for jurors, s. judiciales, Cic. Cl. 
25, 68 (see the place). 3, expr. by 
verb: by e. of the revenues, vectigalibus 
interceptis, interversis, etc.:; Vv. TO EM- 
BEZZLE. 
embezzler: 1. aversor (publicae 
pecuniae), Cic, Verr. 5, 58, 152. if 
interceptor: Join: (praedae) inter- 
ceptor fraudatorque, Liv. 4, 50, init. 
3, fur, fiiris: es of the public ex- 
chequer, fures aerarii, Sall. Cat. 52. 
(The term suppressor appears to have 
been confined to those who appropriated 
are person’s slaves, Call. Dig. 48, 15, 
6 $2.) 
embitter: 1. Scerbo, 1 (rare): 
to e. death, mortem a., Val. FI. 4 
exacerbo, I: to e. an enemy by affronts, 
hostem ex. contumeliis, Liv.: trritated 
and e.’d, agitatus exacerbatusque, Liv. 
3. expr. by circuml., how are my 
sufferings e.d, *quanto mihi acerbiores 
redduntur miseriae ! 
emblazon: insignio. 4: Jo im gold 
(“or”) e’d the shield, clypeum Io anro 
insignibat, Virg. A. 7, 790. Or expr. by 
means of insigne, is, 7.: his shield is 
e’d with the hereditary derice, a hun- 
dred serpents, clypeo insigne paternum, 
centum angues, gerit, Virg. A. 7, 657. 
emblazonry : insigne, insignia: v. 
preced. art. 
emblem: 1. (?)imago, ints, f: 
an e. (token or mark) of slavery, im, 
servitii, Tac. A. 15, 31: cf. Cic. Fam. r, 
6, “ recordatio meorum temporum, quo- 


=" = 


EMBLEMATICAL 





fom imaginem video in tuis rebus.” 
9. indicium (indication, token of): 
the e. and badge of ranic (the bulla), 
ind. atque insigne fortunae, Cic. Verr. 2, 
1, 53,152. 9, similacrum: Vv. IMAGE, 
REPRESENTATION. (Not emblema, which 
denotes a /cind of inlaid work.) : 
emblematical: perh. symbdlicus 
(the adv. symbolice occurs Gell. 4, 11, 
ad fin.): Vv. sympoticaL. Phr.: of 
what is the date e. quid vult sibi 
palma? Ov. Fast. 1, 185: tell me fur- 
ther whereof the coin is e., stipis adjice 
causam, ib. 189: comp. ib. 233: the 
bread and wine in the Lord’s Supper 
are e., panis et vinum in coena Domini 
[symbola] ad rem  significatam refer- 
untur, H. Steph. (hes. Gr.): the olive 
. of peace, pacifera (pacis signum) oliva, 
irg. 
emnblematically : symbolicé: Gell. 
See also FIGURATIVELY. ALLEGORICALLY. 
embody: |. To invest with a 
body : in corpore includere, cum corpore 
conjungere: cf. Virg. A. 6, 727, 3q9- 
||. 70 throw into a certain form : 
perh. incliido, si, sum, 3: afterwards 
was e.'d in it (the form of the elegy) 
gratified desire, post inclusa est voti 
sententia compos, Hor. A. P.76. Phr.: 
“truth e’d ina tale,” *sub ficta fabulae | 
imagine celata veritas: this truth is e.'d | 
in a brief fable of Aesop, boc attestatur | 
brevis Aesopi fabula, Phaedr. 
embodiment: effigies, spécies, si- 
milacrum: v. FIGURE. 
embolden: 1. confirmo, 1: toe. 
the fearful, timentes c., Caes.: Vv. TO 
ENCOURAGE. 2. expr. by means of 
férox: to be ed by success, secundis 
rebus ferocem esse, Sall.: ed by the 
aid of Vers, praesidio Veneris ferox, 
Hor.: I wos e.’d by being with you, quia | 
tecum eram, propterea animo eram fero- 
cior, Pl.: Cic. Phr.: e’d by success 
to go further, rebus secundis longius 
ausnri, l'ac. H. 5, 11. 
emboss: (?)caelo, 1: v. TO CHASE. 
Phr:: e2d figures, ectypa, orum, Plin. : 
a likeness e.d on a precious stone, imago 
ral eminenti gemma, Sen. Ben. 3, 
20, I. 
embossment: perb. eminens ex- 
pressio, Vitr. 4, 4, fin.: v. preced. art. 
embowel: 1, Gviscéro, 1: the 
hawle es the dove, accipiter columbam | 
e., Virg. 2. exentéro, 1: an ed! 
hare, \epus exenteratus, Just. | 
embowered (part. adj.): arboribus 
obtectus, Virg. A. 2, 300: *jucunde ramis 
arborum consociatis contectus, cf. Hor. 
Od. 2, 3, 10. 
embrace (v.): J. Lit.: 1, an- 
plector, xus, 3: we €. your knees, am- 
plectimur tibi genua, Pl: e.ing and 
kissing me, he tells me nut to werp, ille 
me amplexus atque osculans fiere pro- 
hibet, Cie. Frequent., amplexor, 1 (to 
e. tenderly, cavessingly), Ter.: Cic. 2, 
complector, 3 (stronger than amplector : 
also of mutual embraves): e.ing the 
child more closely, puellam arctius com- 
plexus, Cic.: he ed (Caesar vith many 
tears, multis cum lacrimis Caesarem 
complexus est, Caes.: to e. each other, 
inter se c., Cic.: Liv. By anal., deep 
sleep e.s their limbs, sopor c, artus, Virg. 
3, comprimo, pressi, ssum, 3 (sez- 
ually): Ter. Phr.: to e. a person’s 
necle, colla lacertis (brachia collo, Stat.) 
innectere, Ov.; cervicibus innecti, Tac. : 
I (tenderly) e.d her form in mine, pressi 
corpus ad usque meum, Ov. See also 
subs. EMBRACE. Il. Te encircle: 1, 
complector, 3: the rest (of Germany) is 
surrounded by the Ocean, e.ing wide re- 
cesses, etc., cetera Oceanus ambit latos 
sinus complectens, Tac. 2. ambio, 
4: ¥. TO SURROUND, ENCIRCLE. Il. 
To comprehend uithin itvelf : compreé- 
hendo, contineo, complector, etc... v. TO 
COMPRISE. IV. Te altach oneself to a 
party, an opinion, ete. : 1, trans- 
grédior, ssus, 3 (strictly of one who goes 
over the other side): he imme- 
tately e.d the side (of \Vespasian), sta- 
tim in partes transgressus est, Tac. 
fr transeo 4, ivr. (like preced.): v. 








-“ 


| ef, foll. art. (11.). 


| general) + where are described (viz. in 


EMERALD 






TOGO OVER. Phr: to be slow ineing 
any one’s cause, cunctantius alicui ac- 
cedere, Suet. Gal. 12: the Numidians e. 
different sides, Numidae in duas partes 
discedunt, Sall. Jug. 13: not to e. any 
side (in philosophy), nullius jurare in 
verba magistri, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 14: J e€. 
the side of those who have no wants, nil 
cupientium castra peto, Hor. Od. 3, 16, 
22. VY. To seize an opportunity: 
Phr.: occasionem arripere (eagerly), 
Liv.; avidissime amplecti (very eagerly), 
Plin. jun.: Vv. OPPORTUNITY. 

embrace (subs.): 1, amplexus, 
iis: to bestow e.s, amplexus dare, Virg. : 
to hold any one in an e., amplexu tenere 
aliquem, ‘l'ac.: to be locked in an e., 
amplexibus haerere, Val. Fl; circum- 
fundi amplexibus alicujus, Vell. (The 
plur. is esp. used of the e.s of lovers.) 
By anal., folded in the e. of a serpent, 
circumplicatus serpentis amplexu, Cic.: 
also of.a river, Cic. 2, Complexus. Us 
(for syn., V. TO EMBRACE, 2): to fly to 
any one’s e., ad complexum alicujus 
currere, Cic. Join: in sinum et ¢ 
alicujus (verire), Cic, Phil. 2, 25, 61. 
‘ig.: the universe which holds all 
things in its e., mundus qui omnia c. 
suo continet, Cic. 3. compressus, 
iis (sexual): Ter. 

embrasure: (?) fénestra, fénestella 
(applicable to any aperture in @ wall): 
V. OPENING (subs.). 

embrocation: fomentum: Cels. ; 
f. calidum, Hor. 

embrocate: foveo, fomento: v. TO} 
FOMENT. 

embroider: _ 1. pingo, nxi, ctum, | 
3: more fully, acu p., Ov.: a woven 
coverlet, e’d with magnificent work, | 
textile stragulum magnificis operibus | 
pictum, Cic. 9, intexo, ui, xtum, 3 
(to inweave): Suet.: see also foll. art. 

embroidered (part. adj.) : iL 
pictus: €. raiment, p. vestis, Virg.: @ 
couches, p. tori, Ov. 2, dépictus: € 
cloaks, d, paenulae, Suet. 3, pictu 
ratus : e. dresses, p. vestes, Virg. 
_embroiderer : 1. pres. part. of 
pingo (L. G. § 638): v. TO EMBROIDER. 

2. pliimarius (strictly a kind of e. 

in feather-work): Vitr. 6, 4, (7), fim.: 


embroidery: |. The art: 1. 
*ars acu pingendi: v. TO EMBROIDER. 
9, ars plimaria (strictly, the art 

of feather-work ; but also used of e. in 


the book of Exodus) garments wrought 
in e., ubi describuntur vestes plumaria 
arte contextae, Hier. Ep. 29, 6. Ih 
The v ore itself : 1, pictiira in tex- 
tili (facta), Cic. Verr. 4, I, I. 2s 
picta or pictiirata vestis; opus pictu- 
ratum: V. EMBROIDERED. 

embroil: |. To confuse: misceo, 
permisceo, confundo, etc.: v. TO CON- 
FUSE. DISTURB. Il. To entangle mm: 
implico, impédio : v. TO INVOLVE, IM- 
PLICATE. 

embroilment: perturbatio, turba, 
tiimultus: v. CONFUSION, TUMULT. 

embryo: |. The unformed young | 
of animals: partus, Us (which has a) 
wider meaning than the Eng.), or perb. 
better, *partus inchoatus, immaturus. 

Il. Fig., of anything unfinished : 

res inchoata, incepta modo necdum per- 
fecta: v. INCOMPLETE. 

embryonic or embryotic; incho- 
tus [ac riidis}: v. INCOMPLETE. 

emend: émendo, corrigo: v. TO CoR- 
RECT. 

emendation : 1, émendatio: to 
correct a solecism by the e.of a single | 
word, soloecismum unius emendatione 
verbi corrigere, Quint.: M. L. (But 
the p. part. of emendo may often be 
used more idiomatically, as many excel- 
lent ¢.s, *multa praeclare emendata, cf. 
L. G. § 642.) 2. correctio (chiefly 
used in critical language of the correc- 
tions of transcribers): V. CORRECTION. 

emerald: smiragdus, m and /.: 
Lucr.: Ov. Adj. smaragdinus (also 
smaragdineus, Mart. Cap.). e. meads. 
smaragdina prata, Prud. (But the adj. 





EMINENT 


is not found in this sense in any poet of 
the golden age: v. GREEN.) 

emerge: 1, emergo, si, sum, 3: 
also with pron. refl.; and as dep. 
émergor, sus: to e. from the deep, ex 
alto emergere, Cic.: where daylight es 
JSrom the sea, qua se lux emergit pelago, 
Avien.: Ter.: the horse ed fiom the 
marsh, equus e palude emersus est, Liv. 
Fig. : (poor men) do not easily ¢.(from 
obscurity), baud facile emergunt, Juv. 

Y, exsisto, stiti, stitum, 3: te 

sunken horse did not e. from the abyss, 
submersus equus voraginibus non ex- 
Stitit, Cic.: Vv. TO ARISE. 3, excédo, 
ssi, ssum, 3 (only fig.): to e. from child- 
hood, ex pueris exc., Cic. 

emergence: émersus, iis: the e€. of 
the dog-star, Caniculae e., Piin. 

emergency : 1, tempus, ris, n 
(critical time): to form one's plans ac- 
cording to the e., ad tempus consilium 
capere, Cic. Fam. 10, 9, fin.: in this ¢. 
no state helped the Athenians, hoc in t 
nulla civitas auxilio Atheniensibus fuit, 
Nep. Milt. 5: in such a (dire) e., in tali 
t., Lucr. 1, 94: Liv.: in trying and 
JSormidable e.s, in dubiis formidplosisque 
t., Cic. Verr. 5, 1, I: V. CRISIS, OCCASION. 

Q. nécessitas (pressing circum- 

stances): I know not whether your e. is 
not greater, elc., nescio an majores vobis 
necessitates, ete., Liv. 21, 43: if any e. 
should arise in a commonwealth, sin quae 
n. alicui reipublicae obvenerir, Cie Off. 2, 
21, 74: V. NECESSITY. 3. discrimen, 
inis, m.: Vv. CRISIS. 4. casus, is: to 


| adapt one’s plans to new e.s,, ad novos 


temporum c. rationes accommodare, Cic. : 
V. CHANCE, ACCIDENT. Phr.: to take 
one’s counsel according to the ¢., e re 
nata (ad tempus) consilium capere, 
Apul. (pro re nata, in Cic., signifies 
under existing circumstances, Att. 14, 
6, ad pier 

emerods; baemorrhois, idis, Cels. 

emery: *smyris or smiris, idis and 
itis (Gr. opvpis): Forcell. Gloss. 

enietic: 1. *émética: used by Cic. 
in its Gk. form, €wetexny agebat, Att. 13, 
52. (N.B. In Cic. Fam. 8, 1, emetica is 
merely a conjecture.) Q, vomitorius 
(adj.) with some appropriate subs.: as, 
bulbus v., Plin. Simly, vomificus: v. 
medicamentum, Coel. Aur. Plr.: to 
get rid of bile by es, vomitione biles 
extrabere, Plin. (Hor. has bilem purgari, 
A. P. 302). 

emigrant: pres. part. of emigro 
(me who quits his home): ¥. TO EMI- 
GRATE. (But if the term be applied to 
one who is actually living abroad, pro- 
fiigus, or some such circuml. as qui de 
patrio solo migravit, must be used.) 

emigrate: migro, émigro, 1 (of any 
change of abode): ¥V. TO REMOVE. 

emigration: migratio, émigratio (in 
alias terras): V. REMOVAL. 

eminence: |. A rising ground : 

], tumiilus: a citadel planted on 

an é., arx quae imposita est tumulo, 
Liv.: es commanding the roud, tumuli 
imminentes viae, Liv.: Caes. oe 
ldcus éditus: he threw up one fort on 
an e. before the citadel, unum castellum 
loco edito contra arcem objecit, Liv. 
The neut. of editus is also used substan- 
tively, mountain e.s, montium edita, 
Tac. : on an e. in edito, Suet. Phr.: 
Jrom a rocky e., saxi de vertice, Virg.: 
V. HEIGHT. fl, High distinction: 1. 
fastigium: to enjoy the highest ¢, in 
summo f. esse, Nep. Att. 10, 2: (0 main- 
tain supreme e. amongst men, inter 
bhomines f. servare, Plin. Pan.: to attain 
the highest e. in eloquence, in fastigio 
eloquentiae stare, Quint. 9. gridus, 
iis (with some suitable adj.): to occupy 
the highest e. in the state, in ampiissimo 
dignitatis gr. collocatum esse, Cic.: a 
more exalted e., altior gr., Cic. =: 
praestantia (excellence: q. V.): € ™% 
virtue, ability, rank, p. virtutis, ingenii. 
fortunae, Cic.: V. PRE-EMINENCE. Ili. 
As a title: *éminentia, éminentissimus: 
(Kr.). 

eminent: 1. égrégius (out of the 
common order: never in bad sense): ¢ 

; 251 


EMINENTLY 


EMPHASIS 





poets, e. poetae, Cic.: e. good faith, up- 
rightness, e. fides, justitia, Caes.: a man 
e. in military distinction, vir e. in laude 
bellica, Cic.: v. REMARKABLE. 2). 
eximius (nearly equiv. to preced.: spe- 
cial, remarkable): Pompey’s singular 
and e. worth, Pompeii singularis e.que 
virtus, Cic.: e. virtues, e. virtutes, Cic. 
3, éminens, ntis (rising above the 

rest: not in this sense in Cic.): the 
most e. geniuses in every line, eminen- 
tissima cujusque professionis ingenia, 
Vell. 1, 16: an unfavourable construc- 
tion was put upon (the conduct of) the 
é., sinistra erga eminentes interpretatio, 
Tac. Ag. 5: Quint. 4, praestans, 
ntis (excelling others): men e. for expe- 
rience and wisdom, viri usu et sapientia 
praestantes, Nep.: far the most e. of all 
for genius and careful study (Aristotle), 
longe omnibus pr. et ingenio et diligen- 
tia, Cic. §, uobilis, e (well-known, no- 
table): an e. rhetorician, magnus et n. 
rhetor, Cic.: e. worth, magna ac N. vir- 
tus, T'ac.: e. in philosophy, in philoso- 
phia [praeclarus et] n., Cic. 6. prae- 
clarus, clarus: v. Famous. 17, céléber, 
bris, bre: all the men most e. for genius, 
celeberrimus quisque ingenio, Tac.: v. 
CELEBRATED. 8, insignis, e: v. RE- 
MARKABLE. 9, rarus (seldom occur- 
ring): (a woman) of e. purity of life, 
rarae castitatis, Tac.: v. RARE. Phr.: 
e. qualities, virtutes, Tac. Ag. 1, fin. : 
€. authors flourished there (at Athens), 
provenere ibi scriptorum magna ingenia, 
Sall. Cat. 8: two very e. men, ingenti 
virtute duo viri (Cato et Caesar), Sall. : 
to be é., €mineo, eniteo: v. DISTINGUISH- 
ED, TO BE. 

eminently; 1, égrégié: an e. 
brave and efficient commander, e. fortis 
et bonus imperator, Cic.: v. EXCEL- 
LENTLY, REMARKABLY. 2. in primis: 
an e. famous town of Sicily, oppidum 
in primis Siciliae clarum, Cic. Verr. 2, 
35, 86: (a lady) of e. good expectations, 
(femina) in primis egregiae spei, Tac. 
A. 9g: though he was an e. distinguished 
eques, quum in primis lautus esset 
eques, Nep. Att. 13, jin. 3. expr. 
by super. degree: as, an e. good, wise 
man, homo optimus, sapientissimus (see 
the several adjectives): esp. strength- 
ened by tnus omnium (cf. L. G. § 354): 
e. great in talking and ill-qualified fo» 
teaching, unus omnium loquacissimus 
et minime aptus ad docendum, Cic. Att, 
8, 4: simly with ex omnibus (for omni 
um), Cic. de Or. 1, 22,99. (The expr. is 
somewhat stronger than the Eng.) 4, 
expr. by prae with abl.: to be e. distin 
guished, prae ceteris florere (in all 
qua re), Cic. 5, praecipueé : v. PARTI 
CULARLY, ESPECIALLY. 

emir: (?) pbylarchus (Arabum), Cic 
Fam. 15, 1, ad init. 

emissary : ]. In gen. sense: 1é- 
gatus: v. ENVOY, DEPUTY. |]. In bad 
sense, one despatched on a secret com- 
misstm : nearest word prob. émissarius 
(i.e. an agent employed for evil pur- 
poses): he murdered the consul’s son by 
means of the e.s (“tools”) of his party, 
consulis filium per emissarios factionis 
suae interfecit, Vell. 2, 18, fin.: cf. Cic. 
Verr. 2, 8, 22, ““excursor et emissarius.” 
Sometimes internuntius may do, v. Go- 
BETWEEN 3 or speculator, v. SPY. (For 
emissiry = outlet, see latter word.) 

emission: 1. émissio: an e. of 
rays from the eyes, ex oculis radiorum 


e., Gell. Q. jactus, tis: an e. of rays, 
jactus radiorum, Plin. (See also EmMA- 
NATION.) 3, fluxus, as (flowing) : 
Vv. FLUX. 4, expr. by verb, esp. p. 


part. : by the e. of blood, sanguine misso 
or emisso: V. TO SHED. 

emit: 1. émitto, misi, missum, 
3: toe. a sound, vocem e., Lucr.: Liv. : 
to e. wind and noise from the stomach, 
flatum crepitumque ventris e., Suet. 
The pass. may sometimes be expr. by 
pron. refl.: if fire be e.’d, being elicited 
by the collision of clouds, si nubium 
conflictu ardor expressus se emlserit, 


Cic. Div. 2, ao 44. 2. mitto, 3: to 
be e.’d, as the light of the sun is, foras 
252 








mitti, solis uti lux, Lucr.: elsewhere 
Lucr. joins fluere, mitti, spargl, 4, 678: 
V.TO EMANATE. 3, jacio, jéci, jactum, 
335 and jacto, 1 (frequent. of jacio): to 
e. an odour from the body, odorem de 
corpore jacere, Lucr.: toe. sparicles, ig- 
niculos jacere, Cic.: to e. light, lucem (de 
corpore) jactare, Lucr. 4, exhalo, t 
(as breath): Etna e.s flames, lammam 
Aetna ex., Ov.: to e. a deadly vapour, 
mortiferum spiritum ex., Plin. 5, 
éructo, 1: Virg.: v. TO BELCH (#ORTH). 
Phr.: to e. rays, radiare, Ov.: cuts’ 
eyes e. rays tn the dark, felium in tene- 
bris radiant oeuli, Plin. 

emmet; formica: v. ANT. 

emollient (4dj.): 1, mollificus: 
Coel. Aur. 2. mialacticus, Theod. 
Prisc. (N.B. The two preced. words 
purely medical.) 8. @) lévis, e: cf. 
Hor. Od. 1, 31, 16. 

emollient (subs.): 1, malagma, 
atis, n.: Cels. 2. mollimentum (tig. 
ot that which asswages), Sen. (trag.). 


emolument; lucrum, émdlimen- 
tum: Vv. GAIN, ADVANTAGE. See also 
SALARY, INCOME, 

emotion: 1, motus, is (usu. 


with animi: most gen. term): anger 
and fear and the other e.s, ira et metus 
et reliqui motus animi, Cic.: disturbed 
e.8, turbati m., Cic, (= an, passions, 
Off. 2, 5, 18): to be intimately ac- 
quainted with all the e.s of the mind, 
omnes animorum m. pernoscere, Cic. 
(N.B. Unlike the Eng., motus animi 


may be used of the activity of the mind | 


in thought, Off. 1, 36, 132.) 2. per- 
motio (stronger than preced.: rare): @.s 
bestowed on us by nature, permotiones 
animis nostris a natura datae, Cic, 
Acad. 2, 44, 135. 3, comm6otio: v, 
EXCITEMENT. 4. perturbatio (= tur- 


| batus animi motus: v. supr.): v. PER- 


TURBATION. 5, affectus, is: genuine 


| e.s, veri af., Quint.: false, counterfeit 


e.s., 1. ficti, imitati, Quint.: v. AFFEC- 
TIon. Phr.: to be the subject of e., 
commoverl, Cic.: to feel the ¢.s of hope 
or fear, spem metumque concipere, 
Ov.: to obey a sudden e., impetu quo- 
dam animi uti, Cic. (v. IMPULSE): full 
of (tearful) e., flebilis, Quint. Hor.: 
without e., immotus (Vv. UNMOVED), siccis 
oculis, Hor. 

emotional: *quod ad animi motus 
(affectus) pertinet. Phr.: the e. part 
Qf our nature, *ea pars animi quae vo- 
luptate, dolore, ira, misericordia, ceter- 
isque moubus afficitur; or simply ani- 
mus: an e. style of oratory, *orationis 
genus quod id agit ut affectus (animi) 
moveat (based on Quint.). 

empale: v- IMPALE. 

empannel: v. INPANNEL. 

emperor: 1. impérator (as im- 
perial title, always before the name of 
the individual); Suet. 2, princeps, 
ipis, (the title chosen by Augustus: 
prop. chief of the Senate): Tac.: v. 


SOVEREIGN. 8. (of deceased Roman 
emperors, deified, canonised): divus 
(D.), Tac. Agr. 9, 15, etc. Phr.: to be 


e., imperare, Suet.: belonging to an e, 
imperatorius, ‘T'ac. 

emphasis: 1, (?) impressio: cf. 
Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185: “si numerosum est 
id quod habet quasdam impressiones.” 
(Emphasis [Gr. éudacis] is a figure of 
speech by which a word is made to in- 
dicate more than is distinctly express. 
ed: “plus ad intelligendum quam dix- 
eris significatio,” Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 202: 
v. Forcell.s.v.) 2, vis, f.: e. ts theres 
by given to things (said), accedit vis [et 
proprietas] rebus, Quint. 11, 3,175. 3. 
pondus, ¢éris, (with ref. to the weigh- 
tiness or impressiveness of words used, 
not the mere stress laid upon them) : 
we must make use of every possible e. of 
language, omnium verborum ponderi- 
bus est utendum, Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72. 
Join: vis [quaedam] et pondus, cf. 
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 3: to saya thing with 
the greatest possible e., aliquid quam 
maxime contenta voce dicere, cf. Cic. 
Or. 19, 563 erecta et concitata voce 
dicere, Quint. 11, 3, 175. 


ae] 


EMPTINESS 





emphasize: — 1, prémo, ssi, ssum 
3: to e.a@ particular word, verbum pr. 
Cic. (in Kr.). 2, exprimo, 3 (to bring 
out the force of, by mode of utterance), 
Cic. Sext. 55, fin. 

emphatic: gravis, e: v. WEIGHTY, 
IMPRESSIVE. Phr.: a slow, e. delivery, 
pressa pronuntiatio, Quint. 11, 3, 111. 

emphatically: 14, iustanter: to 
say anything more e. than usual, in- 
stantius aliquid dicere, Quint. 9, 3, 50: 
comp. Plin. Ep. 5, 19,6, “dum intente 
instanterque pronuntiat” (where how- 
ever the ref. is to general energy and 
Jorce of delivery). 2, véhémenter: 
Vv. VEHEMENTLY. 3. (magna) vi ac 
vocis contentione [aliquid dicere]: v. 


EMPHASIS. 4, graviter: v. GRAVELY, 
WEIGHTILY, 
empire: 1, impérium: the ex- 


tension of the boundaries of our e., fini- 
um imp. nostri propagatio, Cic.: he 
shall extend his e. (sway), proferet imp., 
Virg. 2, regnum: v. KINGDOM. 

empinie (subs.): empiricus (ém7ree- 
ptkos): Cic. (who uses the word of 
doctors who are guided by experience 
only, Acad, 4, 39, 122). 

empirical: empiricus (strictly adj. 
but found only as swbs.), Cic. (v. preced. 
art.). Phr.: e. treatment, *empirico- 
rum ratio (curatio): e. medicine, so 
called from its depending only on ex- 
periment, empirice, ab experimentis cog- 
nominata, cf, Plin. 20, 12, 48: to make 
an art to be purely e., in usu tantum et 
experimentis aliquid ponere, Cels. pref. 

empirically: ex experimentis; ex 
usu tantum; experimentorum ratione 
habita: v. preced. art. 

empiricism ; empirice, es (én medi- 
cine), Plin. In wider sense, *empiri- 
corum ratio; eorum ratio qui omnia in 
usu tantum et experimentis ponunt, 

employ (v.): 1, itor, asus, 3 
(with abl.): v. TO USE.  Q, Adhibeo, 
2 (for some definite end) : to e. a master 
or teacher, magistrum ad., Cic.: the 
iambic metre is e.’d in the drama, nu- 
merus jambicus adhibetur in fabulis, 
Cic.: he began to be ed in more impor- 
tant cases, ad majores causas adhibert 
coeptus est, Cic. 3. colléco, 1 (to lay 
out in doing something): to e. oneself 
entirely in study and (the pursuit of) 
knowledge, se totum in cognitione et 
scientia «., Cic. Off. 1, 44, 158: simly, 
omne suum studium in aliqua re c., 
Cie. 4, exerceo, 2 (to keep at work): 
Vv. TO EXERCISE. Phr.: to be actively 
e/d in cases before the centumvirs, jac- 
tare se in causis centumviralibus, Cic. : 
to be e.’d over other people's business, in 
alienis negotlis detineri, Cic. (v. TO BE 
ENGAGED): this cause will e. the first 
months, haec causa primos menses occu- 
pabit, Coel. ap. Cic.: v. To occuPY. 
employ (subs.): v. EMPLOYMENT, 
hr.: to have a workman in one's é., 
*opificem conductum habere. , 
employer: conductor, rédemptor: 
le. htver, contractor, q. v. (Dominus 
would imply ownership.) 
employment: |. /'he act of em- 
ploying: 1, -us, isurpatio: v. USE. 
2, adbibitio (rare): the e. of a medi- 
cine, medicaininis ad., Mart. Cap. 3. 
much more freq. expr. by verb: by the 
e. of manual labour, *manibus opifi- 
cum adhibitis (based on Cic.): by thee. 
of a master, *magistro adhibendo, v. 
TO EMPLOY. Il. Uceupation: quaes- 
tus, Us (as means of livelihood), minis- 
térium (service, agency), négdtium (bu- 
siness) ; see the several words. 
emporium; emporium : 
TREPOT. 
empower : potestatem (alicui) facio, 
0: V. TO AUTHORIZE. 
empress: 1. impératrix, icis 
{ot class. in precisely this sense): (Kr.) 
2. Augusta, cf. luc A. 15, 23 (the 
appellation included various f 
members of the imperial family). 3, 
uxor impératoria (wife of an imperae 
tor), Tac, A. 1, 41. 

emprise: Vv. ENTERPRISE. 

emptiness : 1. inanitas, PL: 


Vv. EN- 


a 


‘vy. gaudia, Hor.: v. VAIN. 
an e. dread, c. formido, Lucr.: e. la- 


EMPTY 





Quint. 92, vanitas (fig.): v. vanrry. 
Phr.: alas for the e. of things earthly, 
*heu! quam inania sunt terrestria om- 
nia. (Vacuitas does not occur in the 
above senses.) 

empty (adj.): J. Lit: iL 
vacuus (wnoccupied): e. space, V. Spa- 
tium, Lucr.: an e. theatre, v. theatrum, 
Hor. : on your arrival those benches were 
left e., adventu tuo ista subsellia vacua 
facta sunt, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 16 (al. vacue- 
facta). 2. inanis, e (absolutely void) : 
e. cha//, in. paleae, Virg.: it is the opinion 
of the naturai philosophers that there is 
no space absolutely e, physicis inane 
esse nihil placet, Cic. (Lucr. often uses 
inane absol.= empty space, 1, 370, etc.): 
a house dismantled and absolutely e., 
domus nuda atque in., Cic. Verr. 2, 34, 
%4 (domus vacua is a house without oc- 
cupants). 3, cassus (of fruit-shells, 
busks, etc., which have nothing in them) : 
Vv. HOLLOW. I]. Fig.: idle, without 
worth or result: 1, inanis: an e, 
name, in. nomen, Cic.: the e. pageantry 
of office, inania honoris, Tac.: e. threats, 
minae in., Hor. 2. vanus: e. joys, 
3. cassus: 


bours, c. labores, Plin. jun. 
empty (v.): 1. vacuefacio, féci, 





factum, 3 (or vacuum facio: cf. EMPTY, | 


adj. 1): to e. the veins by fasting, venas 
inedia v., Macr.: Nep. (v. TO DEPOPU- 
LATE). Lucr. bas a pass. vacefio, 6, 
1003. 2. inanio, 4 (to render abso- 
lutely void): Lucr.: Plin. 3, ex- 
indnio, 4 (strengthened from preced.): 
Cic. (who uses it esp. for to strip and 
pillage, Verr. 3, 50, 119). 4, exhau- 


rio, si, stum, 4: V. TO DRAIN, DRINK | 


OFF. 
the ocean, Ganges se effundit in ocea- 
num, Plin.: v. TO DISCHARGE. 

empty-handed : 1, inanis, e: 
they went for corn, but came back e., 
ad frumentum profecti in. redierunt, 
Cic, Att. 14, 3: simly, of letter-carriers 
who bring nothing, Cic. Fam. 15, 17. 

2. imminis, e (without a gift = 

sine munere), Hor. Ep. 1,14,33. Phr.: 
to come back e., manus vacuas reportare, 
Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 1. 

empty-headed: inauis: cf. Sall. 
Jug. 64, jin. 

empurpled (pat. adj,): purptireus, 
purpuratus: v. PURPLE. 

empyreal: perh. aethéreus, igneus : 
V. ETHEREAL, 


empyrean: perh. aether, éris, m.: | 


Vv. ETHER, HEAVEN. 

emulate: aemiilor, 1: v. TO RIVAL. 
To €. one another, inter se certare: v. 
TO VIE. 

emulation: aemilatio, Cic. (aemu- 
latus, is, rare: Tac.). 

emulater: aemiilus, aemiilator: v. 
RIVAL, 

emulous: 1, aemiilus (usu. with 
gen.) ¢ (a woman) e. of the glory of her 
house, ae. domesticae laudis, Cic. Coel. 
14, 34: also with dut. (poet.): wines e. 
of the Tuscan jar. Vuscis ae. vina cadis, 
Mart. 2, aemiulator, /. trix (cf. L.G. 
§ 598): a mind fauliless and pure, e. of 
deity, animus emendatus ac purus, ae. 
dei, Sen. : e. posterity, aemulatrix pos- 
teritas, Cassiod. To be e. of, aemulari, 
certare: Vv. TO VIE WITH. 

emulously: 1, certatim (wieing 
with euch uther): the crews e. heaé the 
sea, ¢. socii feriunt mare, Virg.: Cic. 

2. aemiilanter (rare): Tert. S 

expr. by adj (1. G. § 343): they e. press 
Jorward, *aemuli instant. 

enable: 1, facultatem alicui do, 
facio: the rest were ed to flee, reliquis 
fugae facultas dabatur, Caes.: to e. a 
person to gudge honestly, facere faculta- 
tem alicui honeste judicandi, Cie. (For 
potestatem facio, v.TO EMPOWER.) Q, 
efficio, féci, fectum, 3 (to bring any- 
thing to pass): by this means he e.d the 
infantry to retreat in sufety to the 
camp, *ita effecit ut pedes tuto se in 
castra recipere posset: Vv. TO CAUSE (2). 
Par.: that circumstance e.d me to judge 
(gave me an opportunity of judging), 


Phr.: the Ganges e.s itself into | 








ENAMOURED 


ea res dedit existimandi copiam, Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 41. 

enact: |. To give sanction to a 
law : 1. sancio, xi, ctum, 4 (with 
religious or formal sanction): to e. 
laws concerning illegal canvass, leges 
de ambitu s., Cie, : cotrary to what had 
been e.’d by law, contra quam legibus 
Sanctum erat, Liv.: to e. a law over 
again, legem ex integro s., Suet. Fig.: 
let this law be ed in Friendship, haec 
lex sanciatur in amicitia, Cic. 2. 
Scisco, scivi, scitum, 3 (of the plebs, or 
any similar body): the plebs e’d the 
Marcian rogation with great unanimity, 
rogationem Marciam magno consensu 
plebes scivit, Liv.: the Athenians.e.’d 
that, etc., Athenienses sciverunt ut, etc., 
Cie. 8. jiibeo, ssi, ssum, 2 (like 
scisco, of the action of the plebs): the 
Roman people e.’d a law respecting en- 
Sranchisement, legem P. R. jussit de 
civitate tribuenda, Cic.: what the com- 
mons e.’d in their tribes, quod plebs 
tributim jussisset, Liv. When the 
action of a Senate and people are spe- 
cified, decerno is used of the former, 
jubeo of the latter: “senatus decrevit, 
populusque jussit,” Cic, Verr. 2, 67, 
tnit, 4, constituo, i, itum, 3 (gene- 
ral term, not used of the definite action 
of a legislative body): see what a law 


| you are wanting to e. for the state, vi- 


dete quam civitati legem ec. velitis, Cic. 
Caec. 14, 40. (In simly general sense 
Hor. bas ponere leges [=Gr. vomovs 
G€a0ar}, Sat. 1, 3, 1053 Cic. legem fac- 
ere, Phil. 5, 3, 7:) 5, impono, podsui, 
itum, 3 (of an absolute ruler who im- 
poses laws upon others): he (Antony) 
has e.’d laws by force, leges civitati per 
vim imposuit, Cic. Phil. 7, 5,15: v. 10 
IMPOSE. 6. féro, perféro, tili, latum, 
3 (of one who brings forward or suc- 
ceeds in carrying [pertero] a law): 
could this law be e.’d agreeably to the 
auspices, haec lex per auspicia ferri 
potuit? Cic. Phil. 5, 3, 7. (The corre- 
lative word, denoting the acceptance of 
the law by the people is accipere: cf. 
Cic. 1. c.; Hor. A. P. 283.) 7. condo, 
didi, ditum, 3 (with ref. to a body of 
jurisprudence): cf. Liv. 3, 34, init. 
See also TO DRAW UP. I]. To perform 
a part: ago, suscipio: v. To act (B). 
See also TO UNDERTAKE. Phr.: J have 
e.'d the part devolved upon me by the 
state, personam ab republica mihi impo- 
sitam sustinui, Cic. Mur. 3, 6. Join: 
hane personam et has partes sustinere, 
Cic.: v. PART. Phr.: to long to e. the 
part of Sulla, Sullaturire, Cic. Att. 9, ro. 

enactment: |. The act of enact- 
ing: 1, sanctio, Cic.: see Smith's 
Lat. Dict. s. v. 2. much more freq. 
expr. by verb: concerning the e. of 
laws, de legibus condendis, conscriben- 
dis, etc.: Vv. TO ENACT. Il. The law 
itself, or part of it: 1. sanctio: to 
read out the (special) e. of the laws and 
the penalty, legum s, poenamque re- 
citare, Cic. Verr. 4, 66, 149. 2. lex, 
scitum: v. LAW. 

enactor: 1, sanctor (legum), Tac. 

2. scriptor (legum), i.e. one who 

draws up laws: Cic. 

enallage: *énallagé, és: Gram. 

enamel (subs.): 1, *smaltum 
(= Fr. émail): Gloss. in Quich. Oy 
*vitrum metallicum (Kr.): perh. *arti- 
ficii (operis) genus vitro inductum: v. 
TO OVERLAY. As adj. *smaltinus, 
Quich. s. v. émail. (N.B. Smaltum, 
smaltinus should be reserved for places 
where technical precision is necessary.) 

enamel (v.): *vitrum [metallicum] 
alicui rei inducere, (Kr.); smalto in- 
ducere: v. preced. art. 

enamelled: |. .Lit.: *smalti- 
nus, vitro [metallico] inductus: v. 
ENAMEL. i Fig.: of bright hue: 
picttiiratus: the e. bank, picturatus flori- 
bus agger, Stat. 

enameller : 
ENAMEL, 

enamoured, to be: timo, déimo, 
dépéreo: v. TO LOVE. Phr.: to be e/d 
of an adulterers trim locks, comptos 


*smalti artifex: v. 








ENCLOSE 


ardere adulteri crines, Hor.: of whom 
the maidens will soon be e.d, quo mox 
virgines tepebunt, Hor.: v. Love (in). 
encamp : 1, consido, édi, 3 (ta 
halt on march): heed at the foot of 
a mountain, sub monte consedit, Caes. : 
the army e.’d not far from the sea, haud 
longe a mari consedit exercitus, Sall. 
2, expr. by castra, with pono, loco, 
colléco (to take up a position for an 
army): Vv. CAMP. 8. tendo, tétendi, 
tensum and tum, 3 (to pitch a tent or 
tents): the merchants who were e.'d close 
to the lines, qui sub vallo tenderent mer- 
catores, Caes. B. G. 6, 36: Virg.: v. T0 
PITCH. 
encampment: casira, orum: y. 
CAMP. 
encaustic: encausticus, encaustus: 
e. pictures, encausticae picturae, Plin. 
35,11, 39: €. painting, encaustum genus 
pingendi, ib. § 41: to paint e. pictures, 
encausta pingere, ib. § 39 (—ceris pingere 
ac picturam inurere, ib.). A painter in 
é., encaustes, ae, Vitr. 
enceinte: gravida: v. PREGNANT. 
enchain: Fig.: to keep deeply in- 
terested: téneo, ui, ntum, 2: you were 
e.'d by his genius and style of eloquence, 
ingenio ejus et dicendi genere teneba- 
mini, Cic. Coel. 11, 25: cf. id. Acad. 2, 9, 
20, “ut ocnli pictura teneantur, aures 
cantibus ” (but the word is weaker than 
the Eng.) Phr.: they were e/d with 
interest, defixi ora tenebant, Virg. A. 8, 
520: cf. intenti ora tenebant, ib. 2, 1: 
his very breath is e.'d to your lips, e 
tuo pendet resupinus spiritus ore, Luer. 
I, 38: e’d with admiration at those 
strains, illis carminibus stupens, Hor. 
Od. 1, 13, 33: cf. Hor. concerning Or- 
pheus, saxa movere et ducere quo vellet, 
A. P. 395. 
enchant: J. Lit.: to bewitch: 
fascino, effascino, I: Vv. TO BEWITCH. 
See also ENCHANTED, ENCHANTMENT, 
Il. Fig.: to delight: capio, dé- 
lecto: Vv. TO CHARM, DELIGHT. 
enchanted ( part. adj.) : 1, can- 
tatus: an e. sickle, c. falx, Ov. Her. 6, 
84: an e. boy, puer carmine c., Apul. 
Prop. 2. incantatus: e. love-knots, 
inc. vincula, Hor.S. 1. 8,49. 3, prae- 
cantatus (over which a spell has previ- 
ously been laid): Petron. 
enchanter: incautator, Tert.: v. 
MAGICIAN, WIZARD. 
enchanting: i.e. very attractive: 
vénustus, pulcherrimus, suavissimus ; 
V. CHARMING. ; 
enchantment : I, Lite: car- 
men, incantamentum, etc.: v. CHARM, 
Phr.: the snake bursts under the influ- 
ence of e., cantando rumpitur anguis, 
Virg. E. 8, 71: todraw the moon from 
its course by e., cursu deducere lunam, 
Ov. Her. 6, 85: Hor.: Medea’s cursed 
e.s, dira Medeae venena, Hor. Ep. 5, 62: 
cf. Od. 1, 27, 22. |l. Fig.: of what- 
ever is captivating: blandimenta, illé- 
cebrae; V. ALLUREMENT, FASCINATION. 
enchantress: 1, miga: spells 
and arts of ¢.s, cantus artesque maga- 
rum, Ov.: Sen. (trag.). 2, vénéfica 
(one who deals in potent drugs or 
spells): Hor.: Ov. 8. siga: Hor. 
Phr.: to be an e., carmina nosse, Ov. 
Her. 6, 84. 4. cantatrix: Apul. 
encircle: 1, circumplector, xus, 3: 
to e. a treasure (of a fabled serpent), 
thesaurum c., Cic. Phil. 13, 5, 12: @ belt 
of bruvad gold es it (the quiver), lato 
quam c. balteus auro, Virg.: the flames 
e.ing theuhole company, flanimaé omnem 
comitatum circumplexa, Suet. Tib. 6, 
. cingo, circumdo: v, To SUR- 
ROUND. 3. amplectur, complector : 
Vv. TO EMBRACE. 4, rédimio, 4: v. 
TO ENTWINE. 
encircling: circumvigus: the ¢ 
ocean, c, oceanus, Hor, Epod. 16, 41. 
enclose: |. To surround with 
ence: sépio, psi, ptum, 4: to e. a city 
with walls, urbem muris s., Nep.: v. 
TO FENCE, Il. To put one thing with- 
in another: 1, incliido, si, sum, 3; 
a wird ed in a cage, avis inclusa in 
cavea, Cic.: I have almost ed an orae 


253 


ENCLOSURE 


tion in a letter, paene orationem inclusi 
in epistula, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 5: v. TO 
SHUT UP, CONFINE. 2. interclido, si, 
sum, 3 (to cut off from retreat): afraid 
of being ed in the defile, veriti ne au- 
gustiis intercluderentur, Caes. Pbhr.: 
to e. one letter in another, literas in 
eundem fasciculum addere, Cic Att. 
12, 53: to e. a document in a letter, 
libellum literis subjicere, Plin. Ep. 10, 
g2: of which same document Iraj. 
writes in the rescript, libellum epistolae 
junxeras, ib. 93. 

enclosure: |. 4 place enclosed: 

1, septum: very often pl.: within 

what e. shall we confine such fierce 
monsters, quibus s. tam immanes belluas 
continebimus? Cic. Phil. 13, 3, init.: v. 
FENCE. The polling es in the forum 
were called septa, Ov. Fast. I, 53: V. 
PEN. 2, conseptum: Col. 3, chors 
(cors), cohors, rtis, f. (an enclosed yard, 
for poultry, sheep, etc.: v. Pall. 1, 22): 
an e. for hens, c. gallinaria, Col.; for 
Sheep, c. ovium, Varr 4, expr. by 
zircuml., locus septus, palis inclusus, 
munitus: v. TO FENCE, ENCLOSE. Il. 
That which is enclosed in a letter : *quod 
in eundum fasciculum additum est, 
quod literis adjunctum est: v. TO EN- 
CLOSE. 

encomiast: encomidgraphus (one 
who writes encomia, éyku.a): Mare. 
Aur.: v. EULOGIST. 

encomiastic ; laudativus, laudator- 
ius, panégyricus; v. EULOGISTIC. 

encomium : panégyricus sermo, lau- 
@atio: v. PRAISE, EULUGY. 

encompass: circumplector, 
plector: v. TO ENCIRCLE, EMBRACE. 

encore (v.): révoco, 1: (the actor) 
was universally e.d, revocabatur ab uni- 
versis, Cic. Sext. 56, 120: (the passage) 
was ed again and again, millies revo- 
catum est, ib. 123: Val. Max.: without 
being e.d, irrevocatus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223. 

encounter (v.): |. Zo meet un- 
expectedly : 1, offendo, di, sum, 3: 
to e. any one in a Street, aliquem in 
platea off., Ter.: Cic.: v. TO FIND. Q, 
incido, di, 3: Vv. TO FALL IN WITH. on 
obviam fio, factus, fiéri (with dat.): he 
es Clodius in front of his estate, Clodio 
fit obviam ante fundum ejus, Cic.: v. 
TO MEET. Il. Zo confront in a hos- 
tile manner: 1, obviam eo, 4, irr. 
(to confront: with dat.): to e. the 
. enemy, ob. ire hostibus, Sall.: v. To 
FACE, WITHSTAND. Q, concurro, curri, 
rsum, 3 (to rush upon each other): 
they e. each other in direct charge, cam 
infestis signis concurrunt, Sall. Cat. 60: 
to e. with equal arms (in civil war), 
paribus c. telis, Virg. G. 1, 489: also of 
the party attacking: though a virgin 
she dares to e. men, audet viris c. virgo, 
Virg. A. 1, 493. Impers., they e., con- 
curritur, Hor. S. 1, 1, 7- 3. confligo, 
xi, ctum, 3 (to come into collision): ad- 
verse winds e. each other, adversi venti 
c., Virg. A. 2, 417: toe. in arms, armis 
c., Cic.: usu. full. by cum, to e. the 
enemy, [manu] cum hoste c., Cic. Off. 
I, 23, 81: also by adversus, “ paucis 
navibus adversus Rhodiorum classem 
conflixit,” Nep. Hann. 8, jfin.; and by 
contra: to e. a most abominable con- 
spiracy, contra sceleratissimam conju- 
rationem c., Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 
jin. 4, congrédior, gressus, 3 (very 
freq. of coming to a battle): as often as 
he e.’d the Roman people in Italy, quo- 
tiescunque cum P. R. congressus est in 
Italia, Nep. Hann. 1: also foll. by con- 
tra, Cic. Lig. 3, 9: V. TO ENGAGE. 5, 
incurro, 3: Vv. TO CHARGE. See also TO 
RESIST, OPPOSE. II]. To face, to en- 
dure courageously: Vhr.: to e. death, 
mortem oppetere, Cic.: Virg.: to e. 
danger, periculo obire, periculum subire : 
¥. TO FACE, UNDERGO, 

encounter (subs.): 1. congres- 
sus, us: at the first e., primo c., Caes. : 
Cic. 9. congressio (less class.): his 
Jirst e. was with Hamilcar, prim. illi 
cum Hamilcare proelii c. fuit, Just. 22, 
3, fin.: Quadrig. in Gell. 3, certamen, 
pugna: v. CONFLICT. 


254 





com- 





ENCROACH 


encourage: |. Zo give courage 
to: 1, expr. by animus or animi, 
and various verbs: ous men are e.d, 
nostris augetur animus, Caes. B.C. 7, 
70: although (these things) ed him to 
Jight, quanquam (haec) animos ad spem 
certaminis faciebant, Liv. 37, 37, ad 
jin. : simly, addvre animum, Ter. Heaut. 
3, 2, 31: when the Carthaginians were 
e.d by their recent victory, quum Poeno 
recens victoria animo esset, Liv. 29, 36, 
med. If it is to be implied that the 
person encouraged has been cast down, 
animum (animos) confirmare, erigere 
may be used: Caesar e.d the Gauls by 
his speech, Caesar Gallorum  animos 
verbis confirmavit, Caes. B. C. 1, 33, 
init.: be e.d, erigite animos! Cic, Att. 
I, 16, 5: simly, recreare afflictos animos 
bonorum, ib. § 4. 2. expr. by spes, 
spéi, f., and a verb: Jam ed to hope 
that your arrival is at hand, in spem 
venio appropinquare adventum tuum, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 1: you have e.d the bad, 
you have intimidated the good, spem 
improbis ostendistis, timorem bonis in- 
jecistis, Cic Agr. 1, 8, 23: simly, spem 
facere, spem afferre, Cic.: v. HOPE. 3; 
confirmo, 1 (to strengthen and nerve the 
mind): to comfort and e, soldiers, mi- 
lites consolari et c., Caes.: to e. the 
JSearful, timentes c., Caes.: to be ed by 
any one’s advice, alicujus hortatu con- 
firmari, Cic. Join: recreare animos, 
confirmare, excitare, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 4. 
4, érigo, 3: v. TO CHEER. 5, hortor, 
adhortor, cdhortor, 1 (esp. of military 
addresses before battle): v. TO EXHORT. 

||. 70 advise: hortor, cdhortor, ad- 

hortor: to e. young men to be riotous, 
adhortari adolescentes ut  turbulenti 
velint esse, Cic. Phil. 1,9, 22: Led him 
to carry out his plan, hunc hortatus 
sum ad perticiendum, Cic. Arch, 11, 22: 
V. TO URGE, ADVISE, INCITE. 

encouraging: laetus: an e. au- 
gury, \. augurium, Tac. I, 62 (Vv. AUs- 
Picious): an e. letter, 1. literae, Cic. 
Att. 3,16: everything has become moree. 
these last two days, omnia erant facta hoc 
biduo laetiora, Cic. Att. 7, 26, imit.: e. 
exhortations, |. hortatis, Val. Fl. (Or 
expr. by circuml.: how e. are all these 
circumstances, *quam sunt spei plena 
haec omnia, quam apta sunt ad animos 
nobis confirmandos, erigendos: v. To 
ENCOURAGE.) 

encouragement : 1. expr. by 
verb: with a view to the e. of his men, 
ad cohortandos milites, ad confirmandos 
militum animos, etc.: v. TO ENCOUR- 
AGE, 2. hortatus, tis (the act): to 
express approval of an act by your e. of 
it, hortatu comprobare acta, Ov.: Cic. 
(v. TO ENCOURAGE, I, 2). 8, horta- 
men, inis, n. (tne means, whether words 
or anything else): a great e. [the death 
of Decius] to dare al/, ingens h. ad om- 
nia audenda, Liv. 10, 29: they convey 
Jood and e. to the combatants, cibosque 
et hortamina pugnantibus portant, Tac. 
G. 4, fin. 4, hortamentum (= pre- 
ced.): all those things were a great e. to 
the Romans, ea cuncta Romanis magno 
h. erant, Sall. Jug. 98, jin.: Liv. (who 
has hortamenta animi, 7, 11). Hortatio, 
adhortatio, cohortatio, also occur, but 
rather in the sense of exhortation, ad- 
vice: q. Vv. 5. confirmatio (the act 
of strengthening and nerving the mind) : 
cf. Cic. Fam. 6, 3, init. 6. spes, spéi, 
f.: ef. TO ENCOURAGE (2). 7. (when 
joined with a poss. pron. or poss. geni- 
tive): often expr. by pres. part. of hor- 
tor or the verbal substantives hortator, 
impulsor, etc.: by your e., te hortante, te 
hortatore atque impulsore, cf. Ter. Ad. 
fy 2 Oh 

encourager: 1, hortator (f. hor- 
tatrix, Stat.): the e. of crime, h. scele- 
rum, Virg.: Cic, 9. impulsor: ‘Ter. 

encroach: 1, occtipo, 1 (to take 
possession of, esp. unawares): to e. 
upon the sea with hewn stone, mare 
caementis oc., Hor.: they had e.’d upon 
the neighbourvng territory, partem fini- 
timi agri per vim occupatam, posside- 
rent, Caes. B. G €, 12: V. TO SEIZE, 





END 





9. praesimo, psi, ntum, 3 (to fore- 
stall, take what shoula be ieft to ane 
other): to e. upon the province of a 
judge, partes judicis pr., Quint. 11, 1, 
27: V. TO ANTICIPATE, 3. imminuo, 
i, tum, 3 (lit. to lessen: esp. of a right, 
privilege, etc.) : toe, upon the prerogative 
of the people, quod populi proprium 
semper fuit im. Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19. 
Join: (jus) violare et imminuere, Cic. : 
v. TO INFRINGE. Phr.: to e. upon a 
neighbours land, fines [terminos] agr? 
proferre, atque in possessiones alienas 
invadere, cf. Juv. 14, 142, and Cic. Rose. 
Am. 8, 23: in sim. sense Hor. has agri 
terminos revellere, et ultra limites sa- 
lire, Od. 2, 18, 24: to e, upon the sea, 
submovere litora, ib. 21: the sea is gra- 
dually eng upon the coast, *nonnihil 
litoris fluctus in dies alluentes auferunt 
(vapiunt). 

encroachment: 1 imminitio 
(only with ref. to a right, privilege, 
etc.) : V. INFRINGEMENT. 2%, much more 
freq. expr. by verb: by gradual e.s (upon 
territory), panilatim proferendo fines, 
Liv.: Z will have no e. upon my pro- 
vince, *nolo partes meas praesumi. 

encrust: 1, incrusto, 1: toe. (or 
coat) a wall with plaster, maceriam 
tectoriv in., Varr. R. R. 3, 1§: ef. Hor. 
Ss Th S15: 9, indiico, xi, ctum, 3: 
walls ed with a thin layer of marble, 
parietes tenui marmore inductae, Sen. 
Ep. 112, 9. 

encrusted (part. adj.): crustatus: 
e. walls, c. parietes, Varr. in Non.: cf. 
Lucan. 10, 114. 

encumber : 1, praegrivo, 1: 
shields ed with missiles (fastened in 
them), praegravata telis scuta, Liv. : 
Hor.: v. TO WEIGH DOWN. 2. dnéro, 
Vv. TO BURDEN. 8. impédio, 4: their 
left hands being e.’d, they could not fight 
to advantage, sinistra impedita, satis 
commode pugnare non poterant, Caes. : 
no fetters e. the delicate feet, im. teneros 
vincula nulla pedes, Ov.: v. TO HINDER. 
Phr.: e/d with debt (of Gaul), aere 
alieno oppressa, Cic. Font. 1, init.: out- 
laws and persons e.’d with debt, exsules, 
obaerati, Liv. 26, 40, ad jin, : (Vac. has 
the compar., ‘t quanto quis obaeratior,” 
Ann. 6,17): e.’d estates, praedia obligata, 
serva, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9. 

encumbrance:  impédimentum : 
V. HINDRANCE, BURDEN. Pbhr.: estates 
liable to e.s, praedia quae aliquo modo 
serviunt, cf. Cic. Agr. 3, 2,9: Vv. TO EN- 
CUMBER ( /in. 

anepalioals encyclicus, Du Cange : 
the e. letters, encyclia, orum, Du C., s. v. 
(in pure Lat., *literae circa ecclesias 
Lepiscopos, etc.] dimissae.) 

encyclopaedia: *encyclopaedia : as 
t.t.only. (Vitr. 6, pref. § 4, has “en- 
cyclios doctrinarum disciplina’”’ to denote 
the entire circle of the sciences; also 
enc. disciplina, absol., 1, I, 12: simly, 
orbis ille doctrinae quam Graeci éy 
kuxAov tracdetay vocant, Quint. I, 10, 1.) 

encyclopaedic: encyclios, on; v. 
preced. art. 

end (subs.): |, Termination: 1, 
finis, is, m.: to make an e. of entreat- 
ing, f. orandi facere, Caes.: to put an 
e. toa man’s life, alicui vitae f. afferre, 
Cic. 2. expr. by extremus: at the 
e. (during the last part) of the Pelopon- 
nesian war, extremo Peloponnesio bello, 
Nep.: at the e. of the year, ex, anno, 
Liv. 3, exitus, is: V. CLOSE, ISSUE 
Phr.: (a.) to put an e. to anything 
(1.) finio, 4: to put an e. to the war, 
bellum f,, Caes.: also absol., hardly had 
he made an e., vixdum finierat, Ov. (v. 
TO CEASE): (2.) termino, 1 (rare in 
this sense): where my speech began, 
there let me make an e., unde est orsa, 
in eodem terminetur oratio, Cic. Marc. 
11, mit.: (3.) of a war, débello, r: he 
put ane. to the war with the Ferentines 
by a single victory, cum Ferentinis ano 
secundo proelio debellavit, Liv.: the 
war was put to an e. by the first en- 
gagement, prima acie debellatum est, 
Liv.: (4.) of a contest, diztImo, émi 
emptum, 3 (strictly to separale: usw 


END 


leaving the thing unfinished). to put 
an e. to a conference, d. colloquium, 
Caes.: v. TO INTERRUPT. (b.) Co come 
to ane., finem capio, désino: v. TO END 
B, IL), and comp. preced. phr. (1). (¢-) 
iscell.: there would have been an e. 
of our most glorious empire, had not . . -, 
actum erat de pulcherrimo imperio, nisi, 
etc., Flor. 4, 1: J was at my wits’ €., 
obstupui, Virg. (v. CONFOUNDED, TO BE): 
what is the e. of the story, quid fit de- 
nique? Ter. Phor. 1, 2, 71: listen to the 
e. of the story, quo evadat, vide, ib. 61: 
from the beginning to the €., ab ovo usque 
ad mala, Hor. S. 1, 3, 6. Il. Fate, ter- 
mination of life: exitus, is: such was 
the e. of Eumenes, Eumenes talem ex. 
vitae habuit, Nep.: also without vitae, 
Nep.: Vell.: v. DEATH, FATE. Ill. 
Extreme point or boundary: 1, ex- 
trémus (usu. in agr. with subs. : L. G. 
§ 341): at the e. of a letter, in ex, literis, 
epistola, Cic. (but the word may equally 
denote the edge, or extreme border): the 
heaven itself which is the ¢. and farthest 
point of the universe, coelum quod ex. 
atque ultimum mundi est, Cic. Div. 2, 
43, QI. Q. caciimen, inis, n. (extreme 
point, of a tapering object): more fully, 
extremum c. corporis, Lucr. 1, 603: v. 
EXTREMITY. 8, caput, itis, m. (esp. 
of an end forming a kind of head): the 
e.s of the beams were lo be covered, ut 
capita tignorum tegerentur, Caes. B. Cc. 
2, 9, init.: he erected two towers at the 
e. of the mole, duas turres ex c. molis 
erexit, Curt. 4, 2, fin. IV. An object 
aimed at (Gr. téAos): 1, finis: the 
e. of that faculty ( ) seems to be 
‘suasion, f. ejus facultatis videtur esse 
persuadere dictione, Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 6: 
to this e., ad eum f. ut, etc., Cic. : Quint. 
9. propdsitum: v. puRPOsE. (Finis 
denotes the legitimate end or scope of 
anything ; “illud cujus causa aliquis 
facere aliquid debet,” Cic. Inv. lc: 
propositum, merely the purpose of an 
agent in any pa ticular case.) on 
exitus, tis (rare in this sense): things 
which have in view the same e., res 10 
unum ex. spectantes, Cic. de Or, 1, 20, 92 
(where the sense of an end armed at 
depends chiefly on the verb spectare). 
4, méta (by meton.): v. GOAL. 
Phr.: to have an e.in view, specto, 1: 
this is the e. which laws have in view, 
hoc spectant leges, [hoc volunt], Cic. 
Off. 3, 5, 23: what is the e. of this speech, 
quorsum haec spectat oratio? Cic. (in 
which sense quorsum is also found alone 
(v. WHEREFORE): fo what e. have 1 for- 
tune, if I may not use it, quo mihi for- 
tunam, si non conceditur uti? Hor. Ep. 
I, §, 12: Cic.: their e. is that... . id 
agunt ut... .Cic.(v. To arm, III. 8): 
so that they may attain their es, dum 
quod velint consequantur, Cic.: to no e., 
frustra, incassum (Vv. VAPN, IN): to the 
e. that, (eo)... quo, ut: v. THAT, IN 
ORDER THAT. 
end(v.): A, Trans.: 1, finio, 
4: Vv. END, subs. (I. Phr.). 2. con- 
ficio, feci, fectum, 3: v. TO FINISH. 3, 
claudo, si, Sum, 3: V. TO CLOSE, CON- 
CLUDE. 4, expr. by finis: to ¢. a 
speech, orationi f. facere, Cic.; f. dare 
loquendi, Virg. B, Intrans.: |, Zo 
terminate, of length or continuation: 1, 
désino, ivi and fi, itum, 3: toe. in (the 
tail of) a fish, in piscem d., Hor. A. P. 
4 (simly Virg. of riton, in pristin d., 
A. to, 211): toe. ina point (of a cone), 
in cacuminis finemd., Plin. Q, finior, 
4: a noun e.ing in the letters o or n, 
nomen quod o et m literis finiretur, 
Quint. 1, 5, 60: to e. with verbs (of 
sentences), verbis finiri, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 
191. 3, exeo, 4,i77.: to e. in certain 
letters, in quasdam litteras ex., Quint. 
l.c. (who has also terminari in same 
sense). Phr.: to e.in a conical point, 
in metae cacumen se contrahere, Plin. 
I]. Zo cease, come to an end: 5 A 
finio, 4 (by ellipsis of object): 7 was 
about to e., finiturus eram, Ov. A. A. 1, 
955 (not to be imitated in prose). 2 
expr. by finis: the civil wars seemed to 
be e.’d, civilia arma cepisse t. videbantur, 


clitor, I: 


STRIVE. 
ONESELF. 


part.: 





ENDOW 

3. désino, 3: v. TO 
CEASE. 
ssum, 3: to e. well or ill, prospere, male 
c.: V. TO TURN ovT (intrans.). Phr.: J 


had my fears how it would e., verebar 


quorsum evaderet, Ter.: all’s well that 


e.s well, exitus acta probat (=ab eventu 


facta notanda, success the test of ac- 
tions), Ov. Her. 2, 85 (see the place). 
endanger : 1, expr. by périci- 


lum, discrimen, with voco, adduco, mitto, | 
etc.: the safety of your allies is in Ue 
highest degree ed, salus sociorum in 
summum periculum ac discrimen voca- 
tur, Cic. Manil. 5, 12: simly, adducta 
est res in maximum periculum et ex- 


tremum paene discrimen, Cic. Phil. 7, 1, 
1: imprudently to e. oneself, \nconsul- 
to se in p. mittere, Auct. Her. 5, 8; 


simly, committere se periculo mortis, 
adire periculum [{mortis)}, in periculum 


venire, Cic.: Vv. DANGER. 2. péri- 
v. TO RISK. 


endear: expr. by caritas, carus, and 


a verb: blood connexion e.s men to each 
other, sanguinis connexio benevolentia 
devincit homines et caritate, Cic. Off. 1, 


17, 54: who is specially e.’d to me by 


his affection for me, quem quia 0s 
diligit, in primis carum habemus, Cic. 


Fam. 1, 7, fin.: all these things e. him 
to me, *haec omnia illum nobis carum 


{ac dilectum] reddunt. For perf. part. 
Carus may be used alone: than whom 


there lives not another more e.’d to me, 
quo non superat mihi carior alter, Virg. 
v. TO ATTACH (LIL). 

endearing (adj.): perh. suavis, dul- 
cis: V. SWEET. 

endearment: usu. in plur., blan- 


ditiae, arum; blandimenta, amplexus: 


v. caress. To use terms and acts of €., 
blandiri: v. TO COAX, FONDLE. 
endeavour (v.): 1, cOnor, 1: 
the cavalry e. to brealc into the camp, 
equites in castra irrumpere c., Caes. : v. 
TO ATTEMPT. 9. nitor, énitor (the 
latter strengthened from the former): 
to e. with all their efforts that .. . not, 
summa ope niti ne, Sall.: Cic.: v. To 
3, contendo, 3: Vv. TO EXERT 


endeavour (subs.): cOnatus, Us; 
conatum (esp. in pl.): v. ATTEMPT. 
Phr.: to use one’s utmost es, dare 
operam ut (ne), Sall.: Cic.: J must use 
my utmost e.s, omnibus nervis mihi con- 
tendendum est, Cic. Verr. 3, 56, 1303 
simly, omnes nervos aetatis industriae- 
que contendere, ib. 1,12, 35. See also 
EFFORT, 

ending (suls.): exitus, Us: Vv. TER- 
MINATION, 

endive: 1. cichéréum, Hor. : 
also cichorium (sativum), Plin. (C. en- 
divia, Linn.). 2, intibus ov intubum 
(chicory): Plin. 

endless: 1, infinitus: v. INFI- 
NITE. 9. sempiternus, perpétuus: v. 
PERPETUAL, EVERLASTING. 

endlessly; sine fine, perpétuo: v. 
VERPETUALLY. 

endorse: (?) *chirographum a tergo 


[posteriore parte] inscribo. 


endorsement: *nomen a_ tergo 
[posteriore parte] chirographi inscrip- 
tum. 

endow: |. To furnish with: 1, 
dono, 1 (with acc. and abl. or dat. and 
acc.) V. TO BESTOW. 9. instruo, xi, 
ctum, 3 (with acc. and ab/.): esp. in p. 
ed vith some heavenly gifts, 
divinis quibusdam bonis instructus at- 
que ornatus, Cic. Coel. 17, 39: some- 
what meagrely ed by nature, angus- 
tius instructus a natura, Cic. 3. 
léciipléto, 1: v. TO ENRICH. 4, afflo, 
1 (of the express act of a deity; lit. to 
breath upon, inspire): to e, any one 
with graces, alicui honores af., Virg.: 
to be ed with an inspiration from on 
high, (quasi) divino spiritu afflari, Cic. 
Arch. 8, 18. ||. Zo give a dowry to: 
doto, 1 (rare): Suet. Vesp. 18 (better 
dotem dure; v. DOWRY). II]. Zo settle 
property permanently upon > proprieta- 
tem agri, etc., dono dare, Ulp. (in R. 
and A.): to e. a church, *ecclesiae re- 













ENEMY 


ditus (praedii, etc.) in perpetuum relin- 
quere, cf. Just. Inst. 3, 28, jfin.: 
| found and e. an almshouse, *ptochotro- 
| phium ex suis bonis condere, idemque 
reditibus (praedii, etc.) testamento in 
perpetuum donare atque instruere. 
endowed: 1, praeditus (with 
abl.) : e. with such on (admirable) dis- 
position, tali ingenio pr., Ter.: Cic 
2. instructus [utque ornatus]: v. 
TO ENDOW (I. 2). 
endowment: |. the act of en- 
| douiny: expr. by ger., etc, of verb: v. 
TO ENDOW. Il. Natural gift, of body 
or mind; dos, dotis, 7.: to advantages 
of person add the es of mind, ingenil 
dotes corporis adde bonis, Ov.: the es 
of nature and fortune, naturae fortu- 
naeque dotes, lin. Ep.: cf. Cic. de Or. 
1, 55,234: ‘eam (artem] verborum dote 
locupletasti et ornasti.’ Phr.: with 
these e.s, cum hac indole [virtutum at- 
que vitiorum), Liv. 21, 5, fin.: v. GrrT, 
TALENT. Ill. 4 pecuniary settlement : 
perh. dénatio (applicable to any gift of 
property): v.GirT. Or expr. by circum, 
that school is in possession of an e., *ei 
scholae nonnibil pecuniae quotannis ex 
testamento redit: v. TO ENDOW (LIL), 
endue: v- ENDOW. 
endurable: t&lérabilis, quod toler- 
ari potest: V. TOLEKABLE; TO EN- 
DURE. 
endurance: |. The habit of en- 
during:  , patientia (for syn. v. TO 
ENDURE): ¢€. of hunger and cold, p. 
famis et frigoris, Cic.: e. of mind and 
body, p. animi et corporis, Cic.: v. PA- 
TIENCE, FORBEARANCE. 2, wWiérantia 
(= preced.) : e. of pain, t. doloris, Quint. 
Possessing the power of ¢., patiens (with 
gen.), Sall. Il. The act of enduring: 
1, expr. by ger. of verbs under To 
ENDURE: concerning the e. of pain [in 
whatsoever way], de patiendo dolore, 
Cic. Join: ad patiendum tolerandum- 
que [difficilis], Cic. 2, tlératio (pat- 
ting up with, as with what is not intole- 
rable); Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 3, per- 
pessio (to the end): voluntary and 
protracted e., p. voluntaria ac diuturna, 
Cic. Inv. 2, §4, 163: resolute e. of tor- 
ture, fortis atque obstinata tormentorum 
p-, Sen. 
endure: A, Trans: _ 1, pat- 
ior, passus, 3 (to submit to, have to en- 
dure, in whatsoever way : foll. by either 
acc. alone or with injin., whereas the 
remaining syn. take only an acc. in 
prose): to e. every kind of cruelty, 
omnia saeva p., Sall. Jug. 14, med.: fo 
e. pain patiently, dolorem toleranter Pp.» 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 43. Join: omnia pati 
et perferre, Cues.: V. TO SUFFER. 
perpétior, pessus, 3 (to e. to the end; ¢ 
patiently) : bold to e. all things, audax 
omnia perpeti, Hor.: / could cheerfully 
e. anything, quidvis perp. possem, Ter. 
3, féro, stronger perféro, 3, 17. (to 
e.ina manly spirit): v. To KEAR (L1.). 
4, toléro, 1 (to put up with, ¢. evil 
without being overcome ly it): cheer- 
fully to e. hardships, labores facile t, 
Sall Cat. 10: toe. thirst and heat, sium 
aestumque t.,Tac.G.4. 5, sustineo, 





2: Vv. TO SUPPORT, UNDERGO. 6. ex- 
haurio, si, stum, 4 (fig.): to ¢ #ard- 
ships, labores eX., Liv. 21, 21, med, 


Phr.: he cannot e. to marry, abhorret 
a nuptiis, a re uxoria, Ter.: he vows he 
can’t e. to stay with you, sancte adjurat 
non posse apud vos se perdurare, ler. 
Hec. 2, 2,27. B. Intrans.: to con- 
tinue : 1, diro, stronger perduro, 1: 
vy. TO LAST. 9, mineo, permineo, 2: 
yv. TO REMAIN. 

enduring, capable of: 1, p& 
tiens, ntis (with gen.) Sall.: Virg.: 
Tac. 9, tdlérans, ntis (same constr.) 
Tac. Incapable of ¢. impatiens, nls, 
Virg.: Suet. 

enduring (@4).): |. Capable of 
enduring : v. preced. art. ||, Lasting: 
pérennis, perpétuus, mansfrus: Vv. DUB- 
ABLE, ABIDING. 

enemy: 1, hostis, is, c. (public ; 
ie. of the state): the senate adjudges 
Catiline and Manlius es, senatus Cati- 


a-= 


»> 


ENERGETIC 


ENFEEBLE 


ENGAGE 





linam et Manlium hostes judicat, Sall. 
Cat. 36: a fair and lawful e. (i. e. one 
declared to be such according to interna~ 
tiona law), justus et legitimus h., Cic. 
Off. 3, 29, fin.: in military language 
the plur. is generally used of troops: he 
set out for the camp of the e., ad castra 
hostium (not hostis) profectus, Liv. 21, 
46, et pussim. But the sing. may be 
used of the men as individual comba- 
tants or collectively (cf. L. G. § 590): 
mistake not either the nature of the war 
or your é., ne genus belli, neve hostem 
ignoretis, Liv. 21, 40: to bear to look 
the e. in the face, aspectum hostis susti- 
nere, Curt. Instead uf the gen. the adjj. 
hostilis, hosticus may sometimes be 
used : the fear of the e., metus hostilis, 
Sall. Jug. 41, init.: the threats of the e., 
minae hostiles, ‘l'ac.: cf..Cic. Off. 3, 29, 
108: ‘‘ conditiones pactionesque bellicas 
et hostiles:” the territory of the e., ager 
hosticus, Liv.: Hor. Fig.: the married 
lady is ane. to the mistress, nupta me- 
retrici hostis est, Ter. 2. inimicus, f. 
(@ personal foe): to have a quarrel 
with a personal e., cum in. concertare, 
Cic.: to be one’s own enemy, ipsi sibi in. 
esse, Cic.: a very bitter e. to, inimicis- 
simus with dat.: v. HOSTILE. ‘he cha- 
racter of inimicus and hostis may be 
united, sibi esse inimicum et hostem, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 29: simly, the hostis may 
be at the same time inimicus * thus Cic. 
calls Antony reipublicae bonisque om- 
nibus inimicus, Phil. 12, 9, 23. 8. in 
antiquated language, perduellis, is, m. : 
ef, Cic. Off. 1,12, init. 4, adversarius 
(in Cic. an opponent, q. v.): to be sur- 
rounded by the superior numbers of the 
é., multitudine adversariorum circumiri, 
Nep. Dat. 6: Curt.: Suet. Phr.: to be 
an e. to peace, abhorrere a pace, Caes, 
(V. AVERSE, TO BE): @ bitter e. to, infest- 
us atque inimicus (Vv. HOSTILE): they 
were old-standing (personal) es of 
Caesar’ s, veteres inimicitias cum Caesare 
gerebant, Caes. B. C. 1,4: such an e. to 
the Muses, tam aversus a Musis, Cic. 
Arch. 9, 20. 

energetic: 1, acer, cris, cre: did 
you ever read of one moree. in action 
than Caesar, ecquem Caesare acriorem 
in rebus gerendis legisti? Coel. in Cic. : 
a brave and e. man, vir fortis et acris 
animi [magnique], Cic.: to adopt more 
e. measures to save himself, acrioribus 
remediis saluti suae subvenire, Cic. Cl. 
24, 67: V, ACTIVE, VIGOROUS. Q, strée- 


nuus (busy, active, vigorous): do not | 


think me so e. as to hasten back by 
the Nones, noli me tam s. putare, ut ad 
Nonas recurram, Hirt. in Cic. Att. 15, 
6: resolute in action and e. in war, 
manu fortis et bellos., Nep.: Cic. 8, 
impiger, gra, grum: Vv. ACTIVE. 4. 
promptus (prompt, decisive in action) : 
e. in action, manu promptus, Sall. 
Join: promptissimus homo et expe- 
riens, Cic. Verr. 4, 17, 37. 5, véhé- 
mens, ntis (acting or acted with energy, 
sometimes in bad sense: Vv. VIOLENT): 
a spirited and e. appeal (to a jury), acris 
et v. incitatio, Cic.: v. VEHEMENT, FOR- 
CIBLE. 6, nervosus (lit. sinewy: of 
style): Cic.: v. vicorous. Phr.: there 
is need of e. action, opus est mature 
facto, Sall.: very e. spealcing, illa summa 
vis et contentio (dicendi), Cic. de Or. 1, 
60, 255. 
energetically: acriter, strénué, im- 
pigre, véhémenter (for syn. v. preced. 
art.): V. ACTIVELY, VIGOROUSLY. Phr.- 
to speak very e., vehementissima (max- 
ima, summa) contentione virium dicere, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 5. 
energy : 1. vis, vim, vi, f.: 
a i e. of soul, vivida v. animi, 
ucr. I, 73: V. FORCE, VIGOUR. 2. 
virtus, itis, f. (including all forms of 
manly worth and power): e. of mind, 
y. animi, Sall. Cat. 1, 2, etc. 3. vé- 
hémentia: Vv. VIOLENCE, VEHEMENCE. 
4, impétus, ts (with reference to 
what may be done by a rush, at a heat): 
no e. or Jorce (in speech), nec ullus im. 
nec vis, Cic. Or. 68, 229: Vv. IMPETU- 
OSITY, FIRE (fig.). 5, contentio (of 
256 





effort put forth in speaking): to speak 
with greater €., vocis c. majore uti, Cic. : 
and comp. ENERGETIC (fin.). “Phr.: 
a man of eé., vir acer, strenuus, etc. 
(Vv. ENERGETIC) : with e., acriter, strenue, 
etc.: V. ENERGETICALLY. 
enervate: 1, énervo, 1 (in Cic., 
to deprive of strength, as e.g. old age 
does, Sen. 10, 32): to e. the body and 
mind (of the luxury of Capua), e. corpora 
animosque, Liv. 23, 18, med.: Ov.: Hor. 
Join: enervare atque remollire artus, 
Ov. M. 4, 286. (But Cic. often uses the 
p. part. enervatus in sense of enervated, 
emasculated: v. foll. art.) 2, émollio, 
4 (which also occurs in good sense: v. 
TO SOFTEN): fearing that the excessive 
pleasantness of the city should e. his 
army also, metuens ne suum quoque 
exercitum nimia urbis amoenitas emol- 
liret, Liv. 27, 3: Tac. A. 11. 3: 
mollio, 4 (oftener in good sense): they 
(poets) e. our minds, molliunt nostros 
animos, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 (where the 
ref. is to present weak feeling vather 
than permanent enervation). Join: 
animos virorum mollire et frangere, 
Plin. jun. 4, frango, frégi, fractum, 
3: that soft education utterly es both 
mind and body, mollis illa educatio 
nervos omnes ef, mentis et corporis f., 
Quint. 1, 2, 6: cf. supr. (3). 5, dé- 
bilito, I: V. TO ENFEFBLE. Phr.: ut- 
terly to €. (men), nervos ommes virtutis 
elidere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27. 
enervated: 1, émervatus: an e. 
and effeminate opinion, e. muliebrisque 
sententia, Cic. ‘Tusc. 2, 6, 15 (elsewhere 
enervatus is used by Cic. for destitute of 
strength or vigour, cf. Sest. 10, 24: de Or. 
I, 52,226). Q, énervis, e (not in Cic.): 
Vv. NERVELESS. 3. elumbis, e (rare) : 
effeminate and e. (in style), fractus et 
e., Dial. Or. 18, fin. 4, marcens, ntis; 
marcidus (prop. drooping, withered : 
late): e. by sleep or wanton vigils, 
somno aut libidinosis vigiliis marcidus, 
Tac. A. 6,4: e. with daily excess, quo- 
tidiana luxuria marcens, Just.: Sen. 
See also EFFEMINATE; and foll. art. 
enervated, to be or become: 1. 
marceo, 2; incept. marcesco,3: they 
are e. by the luxury of Capua, marcere 
Campana luxuria, Liv. 23, 45: to be cor- 
rupted and e. by repose and inactivity, 
otio ac desidia corruptos marcere, Just. 
70, 1) (lac: 2. expr. by pass. of 
énervo, frango, etc.: v. TO ENERVATE. 
Phr.: éo be e. by enjoyment, voluptate 
liquescere et fluere mollitia, Cic. 
enervating (adj.): 1, expr. by 


verb: nothing is more e. than.... 
*nihil magis animos hominum emollit, 
enervat, etc.; Vv. TO ENERVATE, 2 


perh. mollis : a more effeminate and e. 
theory, delicatior molliorque ratio, Cic. 
Fin. 5, 5, 12: e. idleness, m. desidiae, 
Claud. 3. languificus (v. rare): e. 
Leo (summer heat), 1. Leo, Aus. 4. 
marcidus: peace e. with luxury, mar- 
cida luxu otia, Claud. Hon. 3, 40: cf. 
Tac. Ger. 36: “nimiam ac marcentem 
pacem nutrierunt.” 5. €nervis, e: 
an €. poison (which unmans), e. virus, 
Prud. 

enervation: 1, languor: cf. Cic. 
Off. 3, 1, init.: “res quae languorem af- 
ferunt ceteris, otium et solitudo:” v. 


LANGUOR. 2. debilitatio: v. ENFEE- 
BLEMENT. 
enfeeble: 1, expr. by compar. of 


adj. and facio, reddo : that (old age) e.s 
the body, quod corpus faciat infirmius, 
Cic. Sen. 5, 15: v. FEEBLE. 2. debi- 
lito, 1: terror e.s the limbs, terror mem- 
bra d., Hirt.: but the word is stronger 
than the Eng., meaning to reduce to a 
state of powerlessness : ct. Cic. Mare. 3, 8: 
“nulla est tanta vis quae non ferro ac 
viribus debilitari frangique possit:”’ 
(fortune) if'she has not extinguished (my 
powers) has yet greatly e.d them, ut non 
extinxerit, debilitavit tamen, Quint, 
proem. lib. 6, 15. 8. infirmo,t: v. To 
WEAKEN. 4. énervo, 1: old age has 
not altogether e.d or prostrated me, non 
plane me enervavit nec afflixit senectus, 
Cic. Sen. 10, 32. 5, labéfacto, 1: v. 





TO SHAKE, UNDERMINE. Phr.: fo be- 
come ed with age, consenescere atque 
deficere, Gic. Sen. gy, 29: I am afraid 
the orator must be e.d by old age, orator, 
metuo, ne languescat senectute, Cic. 
Sen. 9, 28. q 
enfeebled (part. adj.): 1, de- 
bilis: the body becomes e., d. fit corpus, 


Lucr.: e. by years, annis et senecta d., 
Phaedr. Fig.: his praetorship would 
be maimed and e., mancam et d. prae- 
turain suam futuram, Cic. Mil. 9, 25: v. 
DISABLED. 2. debilitatus: e. by a 
wound, d. vulnere, Curt. : wnnerved and 
é., (urbs) soluta ac d., Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 
gt: Nep. 3. effétus: v. EXHAUSTED, 
EFFETE. 4. deéfectus [annis], desert- 
us viribus, Phaedr. 1, 21. Phr.: the 
memory becomes e., Memoria minuitur, 
Cic.: memoria labat, Liv.: the sight be- 
comes e., hebescunt oculi, Suet. 

enfeeblement: 1. défectio vi- 
rium, Cic. Sen. 9, 29. 9. infirmitas, 
débilitas: v. WEAKNESS. 3. expr. 
by verb: to cause the e. of mind and 
body, enervare vires animi, etc.: v. TO 
ENFEEBLE, ENERVATE. 

enfeoff: rem (agrum, praedium) in 
feudum do, Lib. Feud. 1, 13 also in- 
feudo, 1: v. Du C. 5. v. 

enfeoffment: infeudatio (=praedii 
in feudum collatio, Du C. s. v.). 

enforce: |. Yo give force to: 

1, exerceo, 2: to be e.d without de- 

lay (of a law), contestim exerceri [et 
tantam vim habere], Liv. 4, 51 (where 
the opp. sense, not to be e.d, is expr. by 
irritam jacere): Vv. TO CARRY OUT. 2 
exséquor, 3: V. TO CARRY OUT. Phr.: 
he not only carried the law, but saw that 
it was e.d, neque hanc tantum ferendam 
(legem) curavit, sed etiam ut valeret 
effecit, Nep. 3, 3: he ordered the herald 
to require the lictor to e. the law (by the 
punishment of death), praeconi impera- 
vit, ut lictorem lege agere juberet, Liv. 
26, 15, med. (lege agere is also the usu. 
term for fo avail oneself of the law, 
Cic.): the duty of e.ing the sentence of 
the law, poenae capiendae ministerium, 
Liv. 2, 5, med. I]. Of arguments, to 
render more weighty: confirmo, 1: to e. 
our own side by arguments, nostra ar- 
gumentis c., Cic.: v. TO PROVE, SUP- 
PORT. 

enforcement: expr. by verb: y. 
preced. art. 

enfranchise: i.e. to bestow the 
Sranchise upon: exp. by civitas: civi- 
tatem alicui dare, impertiri; civitate 
aliquem donare, etc.: v. FRANCHISE. 
If the ret. is to the right of voting only, 
suffragium dare, impertiri, Liv.: v. 
SUFFRAGE. 

enfranchised: civitate (suffragio) 
donatus: v. preced. art. 

enfranchisement: Civitatis dona- 
tio, Cic. But usu. civitas is sufficient: 
he sought e. there (at Heraclea), adscribi 
se in eam c. voluit, Cic. Arch. 4, 6: 
what reason ts there to doubt his €., quid 
est quod de ejus c. dubitetis, ib. 5, 10: 
he held out to the whole of Italy the 
hope of e., pollicitus toti Italiae civita- 
tem, Vell. 2, 2: Drusus purposed the e. 
of Italy, conversus Drusi animus ad 
dandam I taliae civitatem, Vell. 2, 14: nor 
did they receive e., neque in civitatis jus 
recipi, Vell. 2,15. For enfranchisement 
= manumission, see the latter word. 

engage: A, Trans.: |. To 
make liable leyally: obligo, obstringo : 
Vv. TO BIND, PLEDGE, ||. Zo promise 
ome’s company : P hr. : toe. oneself to din- 
ner, ad coenam promittere, Pl.: in which 
sense Cic. has promitto absol., de Or. 
2, 7,273; ad coenam condicere, Pl.; also 
absol., having e.d himself to me, quum 
mihi condixisset, Cic. Fam. 1,9, 7. [I]. 
To hire : condiico, 3: Vv. TO HIRE. IV. 
To involve in an undertaking : impédio, 
implico: v. TO INVOLVE. V. To at- 
tract: Phr.: toe, the attention of all, 
omnium oculos in se convertere: v. AT- 
TENTION (I. Phr.). Vi. To occupy: 
Phr.: to e. a person in conversation, 
sermonem cum aliquo instituere, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 73, 296; cum aliquo sermonem 


ENGAGED 





occipere (al. incipere), Ter. Eun. 4, 
1, 8: more precisely, *aliquem ser- 
mone occupatum tenere. B, In- 
trans.: . To join battle with: 
1. confligo, xi, ctum, 3 (usu. with 
prep. cum and abl.): he e.d in battle 
with him at Zama, cum eodem apud 
Zamam conflixit, Nep.: Liv.: Cic. (the 
latter has also manu, armis confligere, 
where the context requires closer defi- 
nition, cf. Off. 1, 23, 81: “temere in 
acie versari et manu cum hoste confli- 
gere’’). 2. congrédior, gressus, 3 
(also with cum): that he might e. in 
battle with him in greater strength, quo 
poe eo) valentior congrederetur, Nep. 
ann. 6: also congredi praelio, Caes. ; 
acie, Tac. 3. dimico, 1: v. ENGAGE- 
MENT. Phr.: the Gauls ed in battle 
with Fonteius, Galli cum Fonteto fer- 
rum ac manuni contulerunt, Cic.: to e. 
at close quarters, pugnam conserere, 
Liv. ||. Zo promise, undertake: 1, 
récipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (implying that 
the person so doing takes the full re- 
sponsibility upon himself: often with 
in and acc. of pron, refl.): I promise 
and e, that he will prove, etc., promitto 
inque me recipio, fore eum, etc., Cic. 
Fam. 13, 10, ad fin.: I promise, e., and 
undertake that, etc., promitto, recipio, 
spondeo fore, etc., Cic. Phil. 5,18, fin.: 
also with ad: Je. he shall do it, ad me 
recipio, faciet, Ter. Heaut. 5,5, 12. 2, 
spondeo, spipondi, sponsum, 2 (prop. 
only of a legal engagement): the con- 
suls, ambassadors, quaestors, e.d (that 
the treaty should be fulfilled): spopon- 
derunt consules, legati, quaestores, Liv. 
9, 5: also in non-legal sense, J will e., 
or rather do e. and undertake, spondebo, 
vel potius spondeo inque me recipio, 
Cic. Fam. 13, 17, fin. : and comp. supr. : 
Plin. jun. has ego mea fide spondeo, 1, 
14, jin. 3, stipiilor, 1 (of a formal 
engagement, by question and answer, 
and strictly used of the interrogator, as 
spondeo was used of the answerer, Gell. 
4): mutually to e.,invicem de se st., 
ul. Dig. 19, 2, 54, § 1: cf. ib. 45, 1, 35. 
4, compromitto, misi, ssum, 3 (of 
two parties who e. to abide by a 
decision): the candidates have (form- 
ally) ed to conduct their canvass ac- 
cording to his discretion, candidati 
compromiserunt, petere ejus arbitra- 
tu, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, fin.: v. TO PROMISE. 
Il]. Toe. in; to enter upon: ik 
ingrédior, gressus, 3: to e. in a war, in 
bellum ing., Cic.: v. TO ENTER UPON. 
2. suscipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: v. TO 
UNDERTAKE. 3, dbeo, 4, w7.: to e. 
in wars, bella ob., Liv.: to e. in agri- 
cultural operations, rusticum opus ob., 
Col. Phr.: to e. in conversation, dare 
se in sermonem, sermonem cum aliquo 
conferre, Cic.: v, CONVERSATION, 
engaged (part. adj): |, Taken 
up with Ness 3 1, occtpatus : 
while he was e. with other matters, dum 
is in aliis rebus erat oc , Cic. Rose. Am. 
32, gi: the election days Iceep me closely 
€., comitiorum dies me occupatiorem 
habebant, Coel. in Cic. 8, 4: to be e. to 
any one (so as not to be able to give him 
attention), alicui oc. esse, Cic. Sen. 10, 
32. 2. impéditus (taken up with and 
hampered by other things): Join: 
occupatus impeditusque, Cic.: v. EM- 
RARRASSED. 8. distentus (opera), 
Quint. : v. DisrRACTED. Phr.: to be e. 
ir or with: (1.) 6péram do, 1, irr.: 
to be e. with one’s friends (esp. with 
their legal business), amicis (clientibus) 
op. dare, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 16: Pl: (2.) 
expr. by négotium (Gr. agyoAia, want 
of leisure): though I am e., qnanquam 
M. est (sc. mihi), Pl. Merc. 2, 2, 16: to 
be 3. in some important business, aliquo 
majore n. detineri, Auct. Her. 3, 24, 40: 
(3.) vaico, 1 (lit. to hare leisure for: 
hence of giving attention to literature, 
etc.: not in this latter sense in Cic.): 
when on a journey, he was e. in this 
(study) only, in itinere huic uni vacabat, 
Plin. Ep. 3, 5,15: Tac.: (4.) dpéror, 1 
(esp. of religious or ceremonial acts): 
to be e. in sacred rites, sacris operatum 





ENGINEERING 


esse, Liv. 1, 31, fin.: e. in felling tim- 
ber, caedendis materiis operatus (miles), 
Tac. H.5, 20: Plin. (N.B.—The verb 
operor is most freq. used in perf. part.) 
(I. Jn marriage: sponsus, pactus: 

V. BETROTHED. 

engagement: |. A pitched battle: 
puens, proelium, dimicatio: v. BATTLE. 

hr.: to cometo ane. with: (1.) di- 
mico, 1 (usu. with cum and abl.): when 
Postumius came to an e. with Mamilius 
of Tusculum, quum Postumius cum 
Mamilio Tusculano proelio dimicaret, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6: also, acie d. cum 
hoste, Liv.; armisd., Nep.: v. To FIGHT. 
(2.) confligo, xi, ctum, 3: Vv. TO ENGAGE 
(B, 1.): to renew the e., pugnam, proe- 
lium redintegrare, Caes. I]. An agree- 
ment, undertaling : 1, sponsio (of 
a formal or legal nature): the e.of a 
religious vow, voti s. qua obligamur 
Deo, Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 41. (Acc. to Paul. 
Dig. 50, 16, 7, the term sponsio included 
all kinds of binding promises: “ omnis 
stipulatio promissioque.”’) 2. stipii- 
latio (a mutual engagement, by question 
and answer: Pomp. Dig. 45, 1, 5 § 1): 
to bind aman by a formal e., aliquem 
stipulatione alligare, Cic. R. Com. 12, 
36. 3, pactum, pactio: v. AGREE- 
MENT. , compromissum (a@ mutual 
e. to abide by arbitration): Join: 
compromisso et jurejurando (impediri), 
Cic. Fam. 12, 30, ad fin. Phr.: to 
enter into an e., fidem dare, Cic.: to 
keep an e., fidem servare, praestare: v. 
TO PROMISE: he was under an e. to give, 
etc., pactus erat se daturum, etc.: v. TO 
AGREE, Ill. 4 promise to visit : expr. 
by verb: he had an e. to his brother’s 
(to dinner), promiserat ad fratrem, Cic. : 
v. TO ENGAGE (A, LI.). IV. Formal 
promise to marry: pactio nuptialis: v. 
BETROTHAL. V. Business: 1, oc- 
clipatio: to be engrossed by very press- 
ing és, maximis occ. distineri, Cic. 
Fam. 12, 30, med.: time snatched from 
most pressing e.s, tempus ereptum e 
summis oc., Cic. 2. négotium: v. 
BUSINESS. 

engaging (adj.): 1, blandus (of 
pleasant, winning conversation): v. 
WINNING, AFFABLE. 2. lépidus (easy 
and graceful) : an e. girl, 1. puella, Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 5, 16: e. manners, |. mores, 
Pl.: v. PLEASANT. 8. suavis, e: v. 
DELIGHTFUL. 4, amiabilis, e: v. 
LOVELY. §, ciipidineus (v. rare) : Mart. 

engagingly : suaviter, lépidé, ama- 
biliter: v. CHARMINGLY. 

engender: pario, gigno: v. TO BE- 
GET, PRODUCE. 

engine: 1, machina: to capture 
a town by means of e.s of all kinds, 
machinis omnium generum expugnare 
oppidum, Sall.: Hor. (who applies the 
term to windlasses, Od. 1, 4, 2): Veget. 

2. machinatio: (strictly the act of 

contrivance or construction: hence usu- 
ally with the notion of activity, force 
applied) : to advance e.s of such enorm- 
ous height, tantae altitudinis machina- 
tiones promovere, Caes. B. G. 2, 31: 
Liv. Vitr. 8. machinamentum : e.s 


jor battering walls, m. quatiendis pa- 


rietibus, Liv. 24, 34, med.: Veget. 4. 
tormentum (a military e. for discharg- 
ing heavy missiles): e.s and works of war, 
t. bellica atque opera, Liv. 24, 34: to 
arm a wall with every kind of offensive 
é., Murum omni genere tormentorum 
instruere, Liv. 1. c.: Caes. 5, orga- 
num (6pyavov: rare): Vitr. 10, 10 (15), 
init. N.B.—For various kinds of siege 
engines, see Liv. 1. c. and Veget. 4, 

13, sqq. 
engineer: 1, inventor ae machi- 
nator bellicorum tormentorum operum- 
que (Archimedes), Liv. 24, 34, init. 
2, architectus (the most compre- 









hensive term): comp. Vitr. 10, 16 (22), | 


3. 8. (2) faber, bri (any worker 
in wood or metal): cf. Vitr. 10, 13, 2. 

4, *viarum publicorumque operum 
curator: cf. Vitr. 10, pref. 


engineering (subs.): 1, machi- 


| nalis scientia (mechanics), Plin. 7, 37, 
| 38 (= miachinatio, Vitr. 1, 3, tit.). |v. ro INCREASE. Join: sugere et tol- 
' Ss 


} 


ENHANCE 






2. architectiira: which includes civil 
and military ¢., cf. Vitr. 1, 3. 3. 
military e., *castrametatio (ars cas 
metandi), Stewech. ad Veget. 
land: Anglia, Milt. Lit. 
glish: 1, Anglicus: Z. ships, 
A. naves, Milt. Lit. 2. Anglicanus 
(belonging to the English): the E. senate 
and people, senatus populusque Angh 
canus, Milt. Lit. 8. Britannicus (i.e 
British): Cic. Phr.: in plain E£., 
sine fuco et fallaciis, Cic. Att. 1, 1, 
init.; ut aperte dicam (parentheti- 
cally), cf. Cic. Verr. 1, 7,18; missis am- 
bagibus (to cut a long story short), Hor. 
S. 2, 5,9. 
Englishman: Anglus, Milt. Def. 
engorge: voro, dévéro, 1: v. To 
SWALLOW. 
engraft: inséro, s@vi, situm, 3: v. 
TO GRAFT. 
engrained: V. INGRAINED. 
engrave: 1, scalpo, psi, ptum, 
3; also sculpo, etc. (for the supposed 
difference between the two words see 
Dr Smith’s Dict. Ant. s. v. scaALPTURA): 
to e. a plaint upon a tomb, sepulcro que- 
relam scalpere, Hor.: to e. an anchor on 
a precious sme, in gemma ancoram 
sculpere, Just.: to e. figures in relief, 
typos scalpere, Plin. 35, 11, 40 § 25: cf. 
also id. 35, 10, 65. 2. incido, di, sum, 
3 (esp. of letters or similar characters 
cut in stone, metal, etc.): laws ed on 
bronze, leges in aes incisae, Liv.: Cic. 
(who has in aere incisum, Verr. 4, 65, 
145): Suet. 8. insculpo, 3 (upon 
something): to e. the amount of a 
man’s fortune on his tombstone, sum- 
mam patrimoni ins. saxo, Hor, Fig. : 
nature has e.d on our minds a belief in 
the blessedness of the gods, natura in- 
sculpsit in mentibus ut (deos) beatos 
haberemus, Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45. 4. 
caelo, 1 (in metal): v. TOCHASE. Phr.: 
his features remain e.d on the heart, 
haerent infixi pectore vultus, Virg. 
engraver: scalptor, sculptor: dia- 
monds are sought after by e.s, expetun- 
tur (adamantes) scalptoribus, Plin. 37, 
4, 15, ad jin.: es of gems, sculptores 
gemmarum, id. 29, 6, 38, fin. 
engraving: |. The art: scalp- 
tira, sculptura: v. Dr. Smith’s Dict. 
Ant. s. v. |]. That which is engraved : 
scalptiira, sculptira: the former is used 
of carvings in stone, Vitr. 4,1, ad init. 
A copper-plate e., *pictura ex aere (ex 
aenea lamina) impressa. 
engross: |. Yo take up wholly : 
]. occtipo, 1: the attention of the 
people was e.’d by a rope-walker, popu- 
lus [studio stupidus} animum in funam- 
bulo occuparat, Ter. Hee. Prol. 1, 4 
Cic.: v. TO OCCUPY. 2. @) obsideo, 
sédi, sessum, 2: when the attention of 
the audience is already e’d by the 
speaker, quum is qui audit, ab oratore 
jam obsessus est et tenetur, Cic. Or. 62, 
210 (the figure being that of the siege 
and capture of a city). 3. téneo, ui, 
ntum, 2: to have one’s attention e.’d by 
games, shows. ludis, spectaculis teneri, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48: v. TO ENCHAIN, IN- 
TEREST. Phr.: (my) whole attention 
was e.'d in this study, totus animus in 
hac contemplatione defixus est, Plin. 
Ep.: e.’d in attention to those strains, 
illis carminibus stupens, Hor. Od. 2, 13, 
33: V. TO ABSORB (III.), I]. To buy 
up and keep from the market: com- 
primo, 3: v. TO FORESTALL. lll. Ze 
write in plain, large characters: *literis 
claris iisque majusculis describo: v. To 
COPY. 
engrosser: |. Of the market 
cSemptor, dardinarius: v. FORESTALLER 
I]. In writing: scriba (?): v. SE 
CRETARY. 
engulf: 1, vdro, déviro, haurio: 
Vv. TO SWALLOW UP. 2. mergo, dé- 
mergo, 3: ¥. TO PLUNGE, DROWN, 
engulfing (adj.): rapidus: the e, 
eddy suvallows (them) up, r. vorat vor- 
tex, Virg.: Tib. Phr.: e. waters, bil 
lows, voragines, Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73. 
enhance: 1, augeo, xi, ctum, 2: 


257 


ENHANCEMENT 


lere aliquid dicendo, Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 104. 
2. amplifico, 1 (to set off, add dis- 
tinction to): toe. and adorn a subject 
by speech, aliquid dicendo a, atque or- 
nare, Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 221: fo e. a person’s 
glory, alicujus gloriam a., Cic. Acad. 2, 
2,5. 3. orno, exorno, 1 (¢o set off by 
language): v. TO ADORN, EMBELLISH. 
4, accendo, di, sum, 3: their value 
ts e.d by their brittleness, quorum ac- 
cendit fragilitas pretium, Sen. Ben. 7, 9, 
3. Phr.: hee.d the effect of what he said 
by weeping, ete., incendebat haec fletu, 
Tac. A. 1, 23: to e. the price of corn 
(by forestalling), annonam flagellare, 
Plin.: the value of land is e.d, accedit 
pretium agris, Plin. jun.: v. TO RAISE. 
enhancement: 1, amplificatio: 
e. of honour and glory, a. honoris, et 
gloriae, Cic. 9. accessio, incremen- 
tum, etc.: v. INCREASE. (More freq. 
expr. by verb: it is an e. of their 
value, auget pretium iis, etc.: v. TO 
ENHANCE.) 
enharmonic: énharmonicus, Macr. 
enigma: 1, aenigma, itis, 7. : 
Cic. 9. sirpus: an old Latin word, 
quae Graeci aenigmata quidam ex nos- 
tris veteribus sirpos appellaverunt, 
Gell. 12, 6. 8, griphus: v. RIDDLE. 
4, ambage, abl.; pl. ambages, um, 
F- (any dark saying): Liv.: Ov. 
enigmatical: ambiguus v. AMBI- 
qauous. Phr.: e. language, ambages, 
um, ie : Ov. 
enigmatically: 1. ambigue: v. 
AMBIGUOUSLY. 9. per ambages, Liv. 
enjoin: 1, praecipio, cepi, cep- 
tum, 3 (with dat. of person): v. TO IN- 
STRUCT, ORDER. 2. injungo, xi, ctum, 
3 (with acc. and dat., or dat. and ut): 
toe. upon any one a duty, alicui munus 
inj., Liv.: he had ed wponmeto,..., 
mihi injunxerat ut, etc., Plin. jun, 3, 
mando, 1 (f0 issue a charge or com- 
mand: with dat.): he had ed wpon 
Trebonius not to suffer, etc., Vrebonio 
per literas mandaverat, ne pateretur, 
etc.: Caes.: v. TO COMMAND, CHARGE. 
4, jiibeo, 2: v. TO BD. 
enjoy: ], fruor, itus and ctus, 3 
(to derive enjoyment from: with abl.) : 
to e. pleasures, voluptatibus f., Cic.: to 
e. immortal existence, immortali aevo f., 
Lucr.: a thing to be e.’'d by the eyes, res 
fruenda oculis, Liv.: to e. fully, per- 
fruor, Cic. 9, itor, sus, 3 (to have 
the use or advantage of: with abl.): to 
e. any one’s hospitality, hospitio ali- 
cujus u., Caes.: fo e. but indifferent 
health, vaietudine non bona u., Cic.: to 
e. the intimate acquaintance of any one, 
aliquo familiariter (familiarissime) u., 
Cic. 3. expr. by pass. of verbs under 
to delight: I e. being called a_good 
man, vir bonus dici delector, Hor. : 
these things I feast on, ¢., revel in, his 
ego rebus pascor, his delector, his per- 
fruor, Cic. in Pis. 20, 45. Also by 
act. with acc. of the person: kow did 
you e. the party, ut juvit te coena? 
Hor. S. 2, 8, 1: I never e’d myself 
more, sic (sc. me juvit), ut mihi nun- 
quam in vita fuerit melius, ib. 2, 8, 3: 
v. TO DELIGHT. 4, gaudeo, gavisus, 
2 (to rejoice im): this I shall not only 
take in patience, but shall even e., haec 
feram non solum aequo animo, verum 
etiam gaudenti ac libenti, cf. Cic. Att. 2, 
4,3: how you always e. making sport 
of human life (misfortunes), ut semper 
gaudes illudere rebus humanis, Hor. 
5, expr. by bene est, pulchre est, with 
dat. of subject (to be well off): what 
was the company you so e.’d, quis 
coenantibus pulchre fuerit tibi, Hor. S. 
2, 8, 20: he swears only married men 
know how to e. life, jurat bene solis esse 
maritis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 88: Pl. Phr.: 
e. the (present) day, carpe diem, Hor. 
Od. 1, 11, fin.: e. the sweets of life, carpe 
dulcia, Pers.: to e. the most exquisite 
pleasures, paratissimis vesci volupta- 
tibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 20, 57: e. the splendid 
spectacle, egregium spectaculum capes- 
site oculis, Liv. 37, 24: to e. oneself 
(with pleasure, feasting, etc.), animo 
obsequi, ee Ad. 1,1,8; genium curare, 
2 











ENLIGHTENER 


Hor. Od. 3, 17, jin.; genio indulgere, 
Pers. S. 5, 151. 

enjoyment: |. The act of enjoy- 
ing: expr. by ger., etc. of fruor, ttor, 
etc.: more by the lack than the e. of it 
(friendship), magis carendo quam fruen- 
do, Cic.: to increase our e. of what we 
have gained, *quo magis iis truamur 
quae parta sunt: v. To ENJOY. Phr.: 
he is in the e. of a competency, (ei) re- 
Tum suppetit usus, Hor.; *habet unde 
commode vivat, (R. and A.): I]. Vhe 
sense of pleasure itself: 1, gaudium: 


v. JOY. 9, délectatic, oblectatio: v. 
AMUSEMENT, DELIGHT. 3, vOluptas: 
Vv. PLEASURE. Phr.: with patience, 


nay more, with e.,aequo animo, immo 
vero etiam gaudenti ac libenti, Cic. Att. 
2, 4, 3- 
enkindle ; accendo: v. TO KINDLE. 
enlarge: A, Trans.: |, To in- 
crease in dimensions : 1, amplifico, 
1: toe. (the compass of) the city, urbem 
am., Liv. 1, 44: Cic.: v. TO INCREASE. 
9. amplio, 1: to e. a temple, tem- 
plum a., Suet. Aug. 18: v. TO EXTEND, 
3, dilato, 1 (by spreading out): 
to be e.d, opp. to be contracted, dilatari, 
contrahi, Cic. N. D. 2, 54,135: the camp 
had better not be e.d, neque dilatari 
castra opus esse, Liv. 27, 46, imit.: v. 
TO EXPAND. 4, prolato, 1 (by push- 
ing forward the boundaries): Yac.: 
Col. 5, laxo, 1 (so as to give more 
room): to e. the forum, forum l., Cic. 
Att. 4, 16, 8: v. TO WIDEN. Phr.: to 
e. the empire, imperium proferre, Virg.: 
to e. the limits of the city, terminos urbis 
prorogare, Tac. |. Zo set at liberty: 
émitto, libéro: v. TO RELEASE. B. 
Intrans.: to grow larger: expr. by 
verbs under (1), as pass., or with pron. 
refl.: V. supr. 
upon: i.e., im words: i 
exséquor, sécutus, 3: (often with an 
adverb): you have my faithful advice, 
which to e. further upon would be su- 
perfluous, consilium habes fidele, quod 
diutius ex. supervacuum est, Curt. 7, 
4, med.: I have ed on this theme, 
haec exsecutus sum pluribus, Phaedr. : 
Suet. (not exactly in this sense in Cic.: 
v. TO RELATE). 2. proséquor, 3 
(to pursue a subject): I shall not e. 
(upon the subject) further than, etc., 
quod non longius prosequar quam, 
etc., Cic. KR. Am. 30, 83: V. TO PURSUE. 
Phr.: which might be ed on to any 
extent, quae copiosissime dici possunt, 
Cic. Clu. 10,29: to €. on each point, una- 
quaque de re [graviter et] din dicere, 
ib. 1. c.: toe. upon a subject, aliquid (de 
aliqua re] uberius disputare et fusius, 
Cic. N. 1). 2, 7, 20: simly, dicere uberius 
et latius, Plin. jun. 
enlargement: |. Extension, ex- 
pansion: usu. expr. by ger. etc. of 
verbs under TO ENLARGE: to accommo- 
date these numbers an e. of the city was 
necessary, ad hance multitudinem ampli- 
ficanda urbs videbatur: v. TO ENLARGE. 
Phr.: thee. of territories, prolatio fini- 
um, Liv. (v. EXTENSION): an e. of the 
subject, predicate, *subjecti (quod dic- 
itur), vel praedicati amplificatio. Il. 
Release from confinement: missio: v. 
RELEASE. 
enlighten: |. Physically: illus- 
tro, collustro, I: V. TO ILLUMINE. I 
Mentally, spiritually : 1, *illamino, 
I (religiously): tt is wimpossible for 
those who have been once e.’d, impossi- 
bile est eos qui semel sunt illuminati, 
Vulg. Hebr. v. 4. 9. eriidio, 4: v. 
TO rnsTRUCT. Phr.: 
*mentem errore atque ignorantia libe- 
rare; mentis tenebras, caliginem dis- 
cutere, dissipare: v. TO EDUCATE. 
enlightened (part. adj.): ériiditus, 
doctus: in less e. times, minus eruditis 
hominum temporibus, Cic. Rep. 2, 19: a 
nation so civilized and e., gens tam hu- 
mana atque docta, Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2: v. 
EDUCATED. Phr.: a man of e. views, 
*homo tiberali in primis candidoque ju- 
dicio: Vv. UNPREJUDICED. 
fnlightener : illiminator: Tert.- 








to e. the mind: | 


ENMITY 


enlightenment: 1, hamanitas 
¥. CIVILIZATION, REFINEMENT. Q, il 
laminatio (religious): Vulg. II. Cor. iv. 
6: Tert. Phr.: to promote the e. of 
the mind, *ad animos liberaliori doc- 
trina imbuendos; (?) ad collustrandas 
mentes, Ruhnk. (in R. and A.); ad 
excolendam hominum vitam per artes, 
cf. Virg. A. 6, 663: without any e., sine 
ulla bona arte, Cic.: in these days of @., 
*eruditis his, ut feruntur, temporibus: 
V. ENLIGHTENED. 

enlist: A, Trans.: |. _ To 
enter for military service : 1, scribo, 
psi, ptum, 3: ¢o e. soldiers, milites s., 
Sall.: Liv.: v. TO ENKOL. 2, con- 
scribo, 3 (only of a number): Sall.: 
Liv. 3, expr. by sacramentum (the 
military oath), with adigo, obligo, ete. : 
lo e. the younger men, juniores sacra- 
mento adigere, Liv. 4, 5: Tac.: foe a 
man over again, aliquaem secundo mi- 
litiae sacramento obligare, Cic. Off. 1, 
11, 36: the soldiers whom he had e.’d in 
Cisalpine Gaul, quos ex Gallia Cis. sa- 
cramento rogavisset, Caes. B. G. 6, 1. 

4. condiico, 3: v. TO HIRE. 5. 

conquiro, quisivi, tum, 3 (to get together 
from various quarters : not therefore to 
be used of ordinary Roman enlistment) . 
Liv. Gin Kr.): simly, conquisitionem 
habere militum, Liv. 23, 32, jin. 6. 
paro, comparo, 1 (to raise trvops): V. 
TO RAISE. I]. Zo induce to join a 

i 1, traho, xi, ctum, 3 .esp. with 
in partes, in sententiam): she (Livia) 
had e’d Drusus on her side, Drusum 
traxerat in (suas) partes, Tac. A. 4, 60: 
the patricians had e.’d a part of the tri- 
bunes on their side, partem tribunorum 
PL. Patres in suam sententiam traxerant, 
Liv. 5, 25, itt. 9. tradico: v. TO 
BRING OVER. 3, concilio, 1 (esp. with 
ref. to the feelings): if some deity will 
only e. your sympathies on my behalf, 
si quis mihi deus vestram ad me audi- 
endum benevolentiam conciliarit, Cic. 
Clu. 3, 7. B. Intrans.: to enter 
one’s name for military service : ip: 
expr. by nomen, with do, édo, pro- 
fiteor: they encouraged one another not 
to e., alius alium confirmare, nomina 
ne darent, Liv. 2, 24: a little below, 
nomen edere, nomina profiteri, occur in 
same sense (edere appears to be the 
more formal word, and profiteri to de- 
note willingness to enlist). 9, sacra- 
mentum dico, xi, ctum, 3 (cf. A., L, 3) 
that no one should be compelled to e. 
against his will, neu quis invitus s. 
dicere cogatur, Caes. B. C. 1, 86, fin.: 
Liv. (who has sacramento dicere, 2, 24, 
fin.). Phr.: a newly e.’d soldier, tiro: 
V. RECRUIT. 

enlistment: 1, expr. by verb: 
to prevent the e. of a citizen, civem pro- 
hibere quominus ei nominis edendi 
(apud consules) potestas fieret, cf. Liv. 
2, 24: V. TO ENLIST. 9, conquisitio 
(searching for recruits): V. TO ENLIST 
(A., L., 5). See also LEVY. 

enliven: 1, excito, 1: wit es 
speech and prevents taedium, (quod 
salsum est) excitat et a taedio defendit 
orationem, Quint. 6, 3, 19: V. TO AROUSE, 
STIR UP. 9. exhilaro, 1: v. TO CHEER. 

3. végéto, 1 (perh. better, vegetum 

reddo): no joys e. him, gaudia von illum 
v., Aus. 4, laetifico, 1: v. TO 
GLADDEN. 

enlivener: (?) recreaitor (reviver), 
Tert. Phr.: lyre, the e. of feasts, *lyra 
conviviorum gaudium; quae convivia 
laetificas (dapibus grata testudo, Hor 
Od. 1, 32, 13.). 


enlivening (adj.): laetificus: v. 
JOYFUL. 
enmity: 1, inimicitia (very often 


pl.): to let one’s es be mortal, one’s 
JSriendships everlasting, mortales in., 
sempiternas amicitias habere, Cic.: to 
be at e. with any one, in. cum aliquo 
gerere, habere, Cic.; also, in. exercere, 
Sall.: the same may be exp. by inter- 
cedunt (sunt) alicui inimicitiae cum 
aliquo, Cic.: to lay aside old-standing 
e.s, deponere in. veteres, Ant. in Cio. 





Att. r4, 13: secret e., tacitae et. oo 


ENNOBLE 


ENQUIRY 





cultae in, Cic. 2, simultas (where 
friendliness formerly existed) + Cic.: v. 
FEUD. 3, ddium. v. HATRED. 

ennoble: |. To enrol among the 
nobility: *nobilium ordini adseribere, ad- 
sciscere, in nobilium numerum adsumere 
(cf. ‘Tac. A. 1, 8, Livia in familam 
Juliam adsumebatur): v. TO ENROL. 

I]. To render great, noble: honesto, 

1 (to render honourable): her beauty 
was e.d by her modesty, formam pudor 
honestabat, Curt. 6, 2. Cic. (who uses 
tae word in sense of to honour, q. v.): 
Vv. TO GRACE. Q. illustro, 1 (fo render 
in any way distinguished); Cic. Phr.: 
uw is virtue that truly es @ man, ex 
virtute fit nobilitas, cf. Liv. 1, 34, med. 
(R. and A.); non generi tribuitur gloria 
sed virtuti, cf Phaedr. 2, 9. 4., 

ennui; taedium: v. WEARISOMENESS, 

enormity : 1, immanitas (mon- 
strousness): the e. of such a crime, im. 
tanti facinoris, Cic.: loathsome for every 
kind of e., omni [diritate atque} im. 
taeterrimus, Cic. Vat. 3, 9. 9. scélus, 
éris, . (cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 66, 170: ‘\fa- 
cinus est vinciri civem Romanuin; 
scelus, verberari; prope parricidium, 
necari”): v. GUILT, WICKEDNESS. 3. 
flagitium (0f a lewd or unnatural Ieind) : 
v. CRIME, 4, expr. by adj., néfarius, 
néfandus, ete.: scelestum ac nefarium 
facinus, Cic. R. Am. 13, 37; multa ne- 
fanda stupra, Sall. Cat. 15: v. HEINOUS, 
aTrocious. (N.B.—Notenormitas, which 
denotes departure from usual shape or 
size.) 

enormous: 1, immfanis, e (usn. 
with the additional idea of tervor- 
striking): figures of e. size (for human 
sacrifices), simulacra im. magnitudine, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 16: an e. den, antrum 
im., Virg.: v. MONSTROUS. 9. ingens, 
ntis: Vv. HUGE. 8. Enormis, e (ex- 
ceeding the usual standard, mis-shapen) : 
e. stature, e. proceritas, Suet.: e. (and 
so unwieldy) broadswords, e. gladii, Tac. 
Agr. 36. 4, mirus, mirificus, (with 
words denoting magnitude: v. WON- 
DERFUL): @ serpent of e. size, serpens 
mira magnitudine, Liv. 21, 22. 5 


immensus (strictly, so greut as to be 
beyond measurement): Vv. IMMENSE. 


(For enormous in moral sense, v. HEI- 
Nous, ATROCIOUS.) Phr.: to go to an 
+. expense, extra modum sumptu pro- 
dire, Cic. (in R. and A.). 
enormously: only used with adjj. 
denoting magnitude, where it may usu. 
be expr. by the superl. degree: an e. 
tall man, *homo procerissimus (Vv. TALL) ; 
or by a suitable adjective: an e. huge 
sword, *gladius enormi magnitudine : 
an e. long serpent, *immensae_ proli- 
xitatis serpens: V. ENORMOUS. Phr.: to 
differ e., immane quantum discrepare 
Hor. Od. 1, 27, 6. 
enough: {. As subs., a sufficrent 
amount: 1, satis, shortened, sat (very 
often with part. gen.): e. and move than 
e., satis superque, Hor.: eloquence €., 
satis eloquentiae, Sall.: time e., satis 
temporis, Cic.: hold! e.! ohe jam satis 
eat, Hor. S. 1, 5, 12. Less freq. sat: 
anything is e. fo me, mihi quidvis sat 
est, Pl. Mil. 3, 1,153: 7 was not e. for 
him to have seduced, etc., non sat habuit 
illexe, etc, Cic. poet. N. D. 3, 27. init. 
9, affatim (/ully e.): v. PLENTY. 
Phr.: to have e., expr. by suppéto, 3 
(with dat. of person): the man who has 
e. to satisfy his needs, cui rerum sup- 
petit usus, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 4: ef. Cic. 
Tuse. 5, 38, init.: to have money e., 
pecunia non egere, Cic. (vV. TO WANT): 
but e. (in terminating discourse), hac- 
ténus: but if vou please let this be e. for 
to-day, sed, si placet, in hune diem hac- 
tenus, Cic. Rep. 2, 44, fin.: e. then of 
this, ergo haec (quoque) hactenus, Cic. 
Att. 5, 13 (this elliptical form is esp. 
suited for familiar correspondence or 
conversation); hactenus haec, Hor. 
(But we also find de hoc or his satis, 
Cic. Att. 6, 9): not e., parum (both 
with gen. and absol.): is it not e. that 
the old man is angry with us? parum- 


ne est quod nobis succenset senes ? Ter. 











Phor. 3, 3, 13: Liv.: also foll. by infin., 
Sall. Jug. 13: Plin. Wl. As adv.: 
Satis, less freq. sat (with verbs, adjj. 
and advv.): Cic.: Hor. Not e., parum: 
there is no one who has not lived long e., 
nemo parum diu vixit, Cic. Tuse. 1, 45, 
10g: Caes. 

enquire: 1, quaero, quaestvi and 
li, itum, 3 (to seek informaticn: see 
also foll. art.): to e. for the read, viam 
q., Cic.: v. TO ASK. 2. percunctor or 
percontor, 1 (to ask for information : 
interrogo often refers to the putting of 
questions rhetorically or by counsel, 
cross-questioning): he (Deiotarus) was 
wont to e. of me respecting the prin- 
ciples of our augury, solebat ex me p. 
augurii nostri disciplinam, Cie. Div. 2, 
36, 76: to e. of a person how he sells 
anything, p. ex aliquo quanti quid 
vendat, Cic. 8, sciscitor, interrégo, 
I: V. TO ASK. 

— into: 1. quaero, 3 (v. pre- 
ced, art.): esp. of judicial enquiry: to 
e. into a person's death, de alicujus 
morte q., Cic. R. Am. 41, 119 (where, as 
oft., it is used imper's.): Ter. has a direct 
accus. after the verb, rem quaere, Ad. 
3, 4, 36. 9, inquiro, quisivi, Itum, 3 
(foll. by in and acc., also de and avl., 
and less freq. ace. alone, esp. of en- 
quiry prompted by curiosity or love 
of Knowledge): to e. into traditions 
too curiously, nimis diligenter ing. in 
ea quae memoriae sunt prodita, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 1, 4: to e. carefully into a 
worlc, diligenter de opere inq., Quint. 3, 
II, 21: to-e. into vices, vitia ing., Hor. 
(in judicial sense, only of enquiry i 
order to collect evidence: v. Lat. Dict. 
Sava): 3, anquiro, 3 (to investigate 
on all sides or carefully: also, to in- 
stitute a judicial enquiry): to e. into 
and study anything, (aliquid) an. et 
{omni acie] contemplari, Cic.de Or. 1, 33, 
151: to e. into a person’s death, de 
morte an., Tac.: Liv. 4, cognosco, 
novi, nitum, 3 (to examine judicially : 
of special cases): after e.ing into the 
case, cognita causa, Caes. B. G. 1, 19 
but with any subs. besides causa, usu. 
foll. by de: to e. into the matter of the 
Campanian land, de agro Campano C., 
Cic. Phil. 5, £9, 53: also by super and 
abl., Ulp. Dig. 23, 2, 13. 5, indago, 
scrutor, 1: V. TO EXAMINE. 

enquiring (adj.): i. e. prone to en- 
quire : 1, percontator or percunc- 
tator, f. -trix (cf. L. G. § 598): v. IN- 
QUISITIVE. 9, expr. by circuml., ad 
res investigandas aptus, pronus; (veri) 
inquisitioni aptus, deditus: v. TO EN- 
QUIRE, ENQUIRY. 

enquiry: |. A question put: 1. 
percontatio 07 percunctatio (esp. of re- 


peated enquiries for information): I 


could not, after all my e.s, find out any- 
thing about the matter, nos nihil de eo 
percontationibus reperiebamus, Caes. B. 
G. 5, 13: Cie. 9. interrégatio: v. 
QUESTION, CROSS-QUESTIONING. ‘ 
expr. by pres. part. of verbs under TO 
ENQUIRE (cf. L. G. § 638, Obs. 2): on the 
e. being made why he did so, he an- 
swered, *quaerentibus (quaerenti) re- 
spondit: on e. it has seemed to me, 
*(mihi) quaerenti visum est, etc.: also 
by gerund: v. TO ASK, ENQUIRE. Il. 
A matter of investigation : 1, quae- 
stio (esp., but not solely, of judicial e.) : 
a somewhat difficult e., subdifficilis q., 
Cic. (v. QUESTION): to institute an e. 
(judicial), q. habere (often with ref. to 
torture), Cic.: v. INVESTIGATION. >. 
inquisitio (esp. scientific or curious e.) : 
e. into and search after truth, veri inq. 
atque investigatio, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 13. In 
judicial sense, ing. is @ preliminary e. 
into a person’s character and ante- 
cedents, not the trial itself: e. into the 
character of a candidate, ing. candidati, 
Cic. Mur. 21, 44. 8. anquisitio (ju- 
dicial: vy. rare): Varr. 4. cognitio 
(special judicial e. under the emperors : 
cf. Suet. Cl. 15, ‘“‘negantem cognitionis 
rem, sed ordinarii juris esse’’): the 
senate demands an e., senatus c. postu- 
lat, Tac. A. 2, 28, fin.: to institute an 











ENROLL 
e., c. habere, Suet. 5. investigatio (a 
tracking out, step by step): v. INVESTI- 
GATION. 

enrage: 1, irrito, 1: v. To PRo- 
VOKE. Q. exasptro, I: esp. as pass. 
reflect.: he became more e.d, magis ex- 
asperabatur, Curt.: Liv. 3. expr. by 
ira, with a verb; as, excitare iras, Virg. 
(cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202); iram con- 
citare, Ov.: Vv. TO EXCITE, and comp. 
foll. art. 4, inflammo, 1 (esp. with 
animos, iram): Vv. TC INFLAME. 

enraged (part. and avlyj.): —- 
jratus: v. ANGRY. 9. fiirens, ntis 
(vilaly raging): V.TO RAGE: e. beyond 
bounds, furibundns, Sal!l. Cat. 31. Le 
expr. by ira, with an adj. or part: 
either dreading his ((atiline’s) presence 
or e. at it, sive praesentiam ejus timens 
sive ira commotus, Sall. Cat. 31 ( Virg. 
has graviter commotus, absol., Aen. 1, 
126): ira percitus, Pl. Cas 3, 5, 8 (Cic. 
has animo irato ac percito aliquid facere, 
Mil. 23, 63). 4, incitatus: the state, 
e. thereat, attempts to carry out its 
right by arms, civitas ob eam rem 
incitata armis jus suum exsequi cona- 
tur, Caes. B. G. 1, 4: to pacify a people 
e. against the good, popalum ine. in 
bonos mitigare, Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202. 

enrapture: cipio, 3: v. TO CHARM, 
Phr.: when some noble object com- 
pletely e.s (or engrosses) them, quum 
aliqua honesta res (e0s) totos ad se con- 
vertit et rapit, Cic. Off. 2, 10, fin.: to be 
ed at anything, stipere, foll. by in and 
abl., or abl. alone: Albius is ed with 
bronzes, stupet Albius aere, Hor. Sat. 1, 
4, 28: to be e.d with joy, gaudio efferri, 
Cic.: v. TRANSPORTED (TO BE). 

enraptured (part. adj.): ; 
stiipidus: some statue of Polycletus 
holds you e., te stupidum detinet signum 
aliquod Polycleti, Cic. Par. 5, 2, 37. 

Q. stiipens, entis: Hor. Od. 2, 13, 

33. See also preced. art. and TRANS- 
PORTED. 

enrich: 1, léciipléto, r: to e. 
people wilh fortunes, homines fortunis 
1, Cic.: to e. a temple with paintings, 
templum picturis 1. Cic. ‘he comp. 
collocupleto also occurs: Ter.: Auct. 
Her. 2. dito, 1 (somewhat rare) 
the camp served to e. the troops, castra 
militem ditavere, Liv. 21, 60, fin.: to e. 
one's native tongue, sermonem patrium 
Gk iA WS LAB 3. very often 
expr. by divitiae, arum, with a verb: 
aliqnem divitiis augere, Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 
69; divitiis ornare, Nep. Them. 2; 
divitiis explere (to satisfy with riches) : 
v. TO FILL. 4, Spivento, 1 (rare): 
Hor. 5, beo, 1 (prop. to make 
happy) : he will e. Latium with opulent 
diction, Latium beabit divite lingua, 
Hor: -Eip: 2; 2), 121: 6. inauro, 1 
(prop. to cover with gold): cf. Hor. Ep. 
Eaek2s10- 7, augeo, xi, ctum, 3 (fo 
increase): the air e.s (?) the earth with 
showers, aer terram a. imbribus, Cic. N. 
D. 2, 39. 101. Pbr.: to e. oneself, by 
fair means or foul, recte, quocunque 
modo, rem facere, Hor.; divitias sibi 
parare: V RICHES. 

enriched, to become: ditesco, 3 
(poet.): Lucr.: Hor. (In prose better 
divitiis se augere, collocupletare, etc. : 
V. TO ENRICH.) 

enrichment: expr. by verb: with 
a view to the e. of a subject (rhetori- 
cally), rei collocupletandae causa, Auct. 
Her.: v. TO ENRICH. 

enroll: 1. scribo, psi. ptum, 3: @e. 
colonists, colonos s.. Liv.: esp. of soldiers, 
v. TO ENLIST. Fig.: e. my friend in 
your following, scribe tui gregis hune, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, fin. 9, ascribo (ads.), 
3: e’d among the gods, ascriptus deorum 
ordinibus, Hor.: to e. new colonists (in 
addition to those already sent out), 
novos colonos a., Liv.: with acc. of 
place to which the colony ts to be sent, 
colonos Venusiam a., Liv. 31, 49: to be 
ed as a citizen, in civitatem (or civi- 
tati) ascribi, Cic. Arch. 4. 3. référo, 
tiili, latum, 3 (to enter in a list): to 
be e.’d among the accused, in reos Te- 
ferri, Cic. R. Am. 10, 27: simly, in 

259 





ENROLLED 


deorum numerum referri, Suet. Caes. 
88. 4, adscisco, scivi, itum, 3: on 
his return he was e.’d by Vespasian in 
the patrician order, revertentem Ves- 
pasianus inter patricios adscivit, Tac. 
A. 9: V. TO ADMIT. 
enrolled, newly: adscripticius: 
Join: novus et ads. civis, Cic. N. D. 3, 
15, fin. 
ensample: exemplar, exemplum 
V. PATTERN, EXAMPLE, 
ensanguined (art. adj.): ; 
sanguineus (either actually stained with 
blood, or blood-coloured): v. BLOODY, 
BLOOD-RED. 9, cruentatus: v. GORY. 
ensconce oneself; Phr.: they 
stealthily e. thems lves in the dark ribs 
(of the wooden horse), corpora furtim 
includunt caeco lateri, Virg. Aen. 2, 19: 
to e. oneself in one’s library (i. e. to 
give oneself wholly to books), in bibli- 
othecam se abdere, Cic, Fam. 7, 28: the 
sly (puss) ed herself in her safe hole, 
dolosa tuto condidit sese cavo, Phaedr. 
2, 4,17: V. TO HIDE. 
enshrine: |. Lit., to place in a 
shrine: 1, dédico, 1 (in this sense, 
with acc. of name of deity): Juno has 
been e.d on the Aventine, Juno in Aven- 
tino dedicata est, Liv. 5, 52, med.: 
Apollo ed, Apollinem dedicatum, Hor. 
Od. 1, 31, 1: Cic.: sometimes with aede 
expr., Ov. F. 6, 637: v. TO DEDICATE. 
9, consecro, 1 (rare in this sense) : 
an image e.d in a part of his house, 
simulacrum in parte aedium conse- 
cratum, Suet. Gal. 4, ad fin.: v. TO 
CONSECRATE. Phr.: the same day saw 
thee (Juturna) e.d, te lux eadem aede 
recepit, Ov. F. 1, 462: the following day 
ed thee (Concordia) in a snow-white 
temple, candida te niveo posuit lux 
roxima templo, ib. 637: on this day 
was e.d, hac die illi est datum tem- 
‘plum, cf. ib. 4, 622 ll. Fig., to 
preserve as in @ shrine: 1, sacro, 
1: the eloquence (of Cato) e.d in writ- 
ings of every description, eloquentia 
sacrata scriptis omnis generis, Liv. 39, 
40, med. 9. consecro, 1: a mode of 
discussion e.d in the writings of Plato, 
ratio disputandi Platonis [memoria et] 
literis consecrata, Cic. usc. 5, 4, If. 
Quint.: v. TO MMoRTALIZE. Phr.: his 
image is perpetually e.d in my heart, 
*exsistit intimo meo animo commissa 
imago ejus, comp. Hor. Od. 4, 9, 11. 
ensign: |. A banner: signum 
(militare), vexillum: v. STANDARD. 
Il. The officer who bears the colours : 
signifer, aquilifer, éri: Vv. STANDARD- 
BEARER. 
enslave: 1, expr. by servitus, 
itis, f., and a verb; (civitatem) serv- 
ituti subjicere (al. addicere); civitati 
gervitutem injungere, Caes. B. G. 7, 
73 servitutem imponere, Sall. Or.: fo 
carry off and e., (homines) in servitu- 
tem abstrahere, Cues. B. G. 7, 145 in 
servitutem abducere, Cic. in Pis. 34, fin. : 
an e.d state, civitas servitute oppressa, 
Cic.: to prevent one’s felloww-citizens 
from being e.d, repellere servitutem a 
suis civibus, Cic.: v. SLAVERY. 
suibigo, 3: Vv. TO SUBDUE. See also foll 
art. 
enslaved (part. adj.): 1, servus, 
a, um (more freq. as subs.): everything 
that is not e. they deem hostile, omnia 
non serva hostilia ducunt, Sall. Kp. 
Mithr. ad fin.: v. SLAVE. 9. éman- 
cipatus (lit. sold over to): Fig.: a 
Roman e. to a woman, Romanus e, 
feminae, Hor. Epod. 9, 12: e. to no one, 
neminie.,Cic. 9, mancipatus (== pre- 
ced.); e. to debauchery and wine, stupro 
et merom., Apul. 4, addictus (bownd 
over): e. to swear by no master, nullius 
ad. jurare in verba magistri, Hor. 5. 
Dbédiens, ntis (not necessarily in bad 
sense): Sall. Cat. unit. 6, déditus : 
Vy. DEVOTED TO. Phr.; to be €. to any- 
thing, servire (with dat.): Cic.: v. 
SLAVE (TO LE). 
enslavemont: expr. by servitus: 
v. preced. art. 
enslaver: Fig.: démina: v. mIs- 
TRESS 


” 260 









ENTER 


ensnare: 1, illaqueo, 1: to e. 
birds, aves il., Prud Fig.: gifts e. 


fierce captains, munera saevos il. duces, 


Hor. Od. 3, 16, 15. Q. irrétio, 4 (lit. 
to catch in a net): Fig.: to e. @ youth 
by vicious seductions, adolescentulum 
corruptelarum illecebris ir., Cic. Cat. 1, 
6, 13: V. TO ENTANGLE. 8. expr. by 
laqueus (@ noose), with a verb: laqueo 
capere, Cic. Caec. 29, 835; laqueis irre- 
titum tenere, Cic. de Or 1, Io, 43: v. 
SNARE. 4, illicio, lexi, ctum, 3: Vv. 
TO ALLURE, DECOY. 
ensphered: *in sphaera (sphaeram) 
inclusus, illigatus. 
ensue: séquor, inséquor, 3: v. TO 
FOLLOW. 
ensuing (adj.): séquens, inséquens, 
postérus, proximus: Vv. FOLLOWING. 
ensure: V. INSURE. 
entablature : quae pars supra cap- 
itula columnarum est, ef. Vitr. 3, 5 (3), 
13 (the several members of the entabla- 
ture are there enumerated; epistylium 
and corona given in Quich., etc., are the 
architrave and cornice respectively). 
entail (subs.): *feudum talliauum—= 
“hereditas in quandam certitudinem 
limitata,” Du C. s. v. 
entail (v.): |. Lit. to tie up 
property to a particular line of descent : 
*tallio,1. (‘* Talliare in re feudali idem 
est quod ad quandam certitudinem 
ponere ; vel ad quoddam certum he- 
reditamentum limitare,” Du C. s, v.) 
ll. Fig. to bring on as a conse- 
quence : 1, dérivo, 1 (prop. to lead 
off a stream from a river): disaster thus 
e.d, noc fonte derivata clades, Hor. Od. 
FOI: 9, expr. by sum, with 
double dat. (L. G. § 297): the greedy 
sea e.s destruction upon the mariner, 
exitio est avidum mare nautis, Hor.: v. 
TO PROVE (intrans.). 8. afféro, inféro, 
contriho, etc.: v.TO BRING ON. Phr.: 
(a crime) that will e. suffering upon in- 
nocent posterity, immeritis postmodo 
natis nocitura, Hor. Od. 1, 28, 30: pas- 
sion has e.’d destruction on lofty cities, 
irae altis urbibus stetere causae, cur peri- 
rent funditus, ib. 1, 16, 18: (from) a 
precedent that would e, ruin on pos- 
terity, exemplo trahenti perniciem veni- 
ens in aevum, ib. 3, 5, 15. 
entangle: |. Lit.: 1, im- 
pédio, 4 (Strictly, by the feet): to e. one’s 
legs in any thing, crura aliqua re im., 
Ov. Met. 12, 392: Pl. 9. irretio, 4 
(as in a net): soil e.d with roots ( form- 
ing a sort of net-work), solum irretitum, 
Col. 3, 11, ad init. (more freq. fig.: v. 
infr.). 3. implico, ©: Vv. TO) EN- 
TWINE. Esp. in p. part.: ed in the 
meshes (of Mars and Venus), impliciti 
laqueis, Ov. A. A. 2, 580. 4, illa- 
queo, I: Vv. TO ENSNARE. I]. Fig.: 
Phr.: to e. a person in his speech, ali- 
quem loquentem irretire, Cic. Acad. 2, 
29, 94; in sermone capere, Vulg. Matt. 
xxii. 15: to get inextricably e.d, in inex- 
plicabiles laquevs incidere, Quint. 5, Io, 
101; involvere se laqueis [insidiosae in- 
terrogationis], Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 7. 
entanglement: 1, implicatio: 
e. of affairs, im. rerum, Cic. Q, error, 
Oris: inextricable e. (of a maze), inex- 
tricabilis e., Virg. 3. laqueus, or pl. 
laquei v. preced. art. fin.; and SNARE. 
enter: A, Intrans:: ie. to 
make an entrance: 1, introeo, ii, 
itum, 4, irr. (to get within a place; 
while intro is rather to cross a thresh- 
old, or other barrier; ingredior, to go 
forward on the way in): to e. by the 
triumphal gate, porta triumphali intro- 
ire, Cic. in Pis. 23, 55: toe. into the city, 
int.in urbem,Cic. (But introire is often 
used with a direct acc.). 9, intro, 1: 
to e. by every crevice, rimas per omnes 
intrare, Mart.: to e. by the door, int. per 
ostium, Vulg. Johann. x. 1. (But intro 
is much oftener used trans., and esp. of 
forcible entrance: Vv. ENTRANCE, I, 3.) 
8. ineo, ii, itum, 4, a7. (very often 
fig.: v. TO ENTER UPON): V. TO GO INTO, 
4. pervénio, 4: v. TO REACH. B. 
Trans.: |, To make entrance into: 
1, intro, 1 (with direct acc., or in 


jungunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 2. 





ENTERPRISE 


and acc.): to e. a Iingdom, regnum int. 
Cic.: before the soul e.’d the body, ante 
quam animus corpus intrasset, Cic.: to 
e. the Capitol, int. in Capitolium, Cic. 

9. ingrédior, gressus, 3 (for syn., 
v. L, 1): did you dare attempt to e. 
that house? did you dare to cross that 
threshold 2 tu ingredi illam domum 
ausus es? tu illud limen intrare? Cic. 
Phil. 2, 27, 68. See also TO ENTER UPON 

3, introeo, 4, wr. (both with in 
and acc., or acc. alone): you write mé 
word that Pomptinius has e.’d the capr- 
tal, scribis Pomptinium in urbem in- 
troisse, Cic. Att. 7, 7: to e. @ person’s 
house, in domum alicujus int., Cic.- to 
e. one’s own house, suam domum int., 
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, init. 4, ineo, 4, irr.: 
vy. TOENTER ON. 9, invéhor, vectus, 3 
(to e. on horseback, in a vehicle): the dic- 
tator e.s the city in triumph, dictator 
triumphans urbem inv., Liv. 2, 31: t0 e. 
the Capitol in a chariot, Capitolium (al, 
in Capitolium) curru inv., Cic. Rep. 6, 
11. See also TO PENETRATE. |], Of 
time; to commence: ingrédior, 3: Vv. TO 
ENTER ON. II]. Zo join, unite oneself 
to: Phr.: to e. the army, (militandi 
causa) nomen edere, profiteri; sacra- 
mento dicere (v. TO ENLIST): to e. a@ 
university, *academiae civibus ascribi; 
inter juvenes academicos referri: v. 
STUDENT. IV. To make an entry of : 

1, référo, tuli, latum, 3, irr.: toe. 
in a memorandum book, aliquid me- 
moriae causa r. in libellum, Cic. Phil. 
1, 8,19: to e. in the list of proscribed, 
in proscriptos r., Cic. R. Am. fo, 27. 
Esp. of business accounts: to e. a claim 
in an account book, ref. nomen in tabu- 
las, in codicem (accepti et expensi), Cic. 
R. Com. I, 4. 2. féro, 3,i77r.: toe. to 
any one’s debit account, alicui expensum 
f., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, 100 (where the cor- 
rel. phrase is, acceptum referre, to enter 
to one’s credit; lit. as received). 3: 
indiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to bring into an 
account): to e. in an account book, in 
rationem ind., Cic. Verr. 2, I, 41, 106: 
to e. as paid, in rationibus datum ind., 
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, med. V. To com- 
mence legal proceedings: Phr.: toe. an 
action against any one, lege agere cum 
aliquo, litem or actionem alicui inten- 
dere, Vv. ACTION, LAWSUIT. 

enter into: |. 70 engage in, 
contract: Phr.: to e. into an alliance 
with any one, societatem cum aliquo 
coire, facere, Cic. (V. ALLIANCE): #0 €. 
into a treaty, foedus facere, ferire, etv. 
(v. TO CONCLUDE, V.): they e. into a 
treaty of alliance with Ambioriz, Am- 
biorigem sibi societate et foedere ad- 
I], Zo com- 
prehend fully: capio, percipio, téneo: 
Vv. TO COMPREHEND (11.). Il. 70 throw 
oneself heartily into a plan, underta- 
king: Phr.- to e. eagerly into the study 
of literature, literas avide arripere, Cic. 
de Sen. 8, 26: toe. upon a war with the 
utmost eagerness and exertion, animo et 
opibus in bellum incnmbere, Caes. B. G. 
4,76 v. TO DEVOTE (ILL). 

— on, or upon: 1, imeo, 4, 
irr. (esp. to e. on an office): to e. upon 
a magistracy, magistritum in., Cic.: to 
e. upon the consulate, in. consulatum, 
Liv. The pass. occurs: on the day of 
his e.ing on office, die initi maryistratus, 
Liv. 21, 63, med.: to e. on a plan, con- 
silium, rationem in., Cic.: v. PLAN. 2, 
ingrédior, gressus, 3: lo e. on @ journey, 
iter ing., Cic. de Sen. Io, 34: toe. oma 
certain path of life, viam aliquam vi- 
vendi ing., Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118. Sy 
suscipio, incipio, 3: ¥. TO UNDERTAKE. 

4. occipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: f0 e. 
on a mayistracy, magistratum oc., Liv. 
r g,fin.: Tac. Phr.: toe. upon public 
life, ad rempublicam accedere, Cic. (cf. 
Sall. Cat. 3: “studio ad rem publicam 


latus sum”), 

enterprise: |. 4 (bold) under- 
taking : inceptum : v. UNDEB- 
TAKING. 2, facinus, dris, 7. (a bold 


achievement; usu. of a bad kind): @ 


grext and notable e. magnum et me- 


morabile f, Tac. Agr. 28: V. AORTEVI- 





<a 


ENTERPRISING 


MENT. 8. consilium (audax): y. 
SCHEME. Phr.: an e. full risk, 
periculosae plenum opus aleae, Hor. Od. 
2, 1,6: V. TASK, WORK. I]. An enter- 
prising disposition: alacer ac promptus 
animus, Caes. B. G. 3, 19, jim.: V. EN- 
TERPRISING 3 ALACKITY. 

enterprising (adj.): — 1, prompt- 
us (forward of action): all the most e., 
promptissimus quisque, l'ac. A. 3, med. : 
Jugurtha was e. and ambitious of mili- 
tary distinction, erat Jugurtha manu 
promptus et appetens gloriae militaris, 
Sall. Jug. 7: v. promeT. 2, strénuus: 
L. Sextius, an e. young man, whose 
prospects lacked only patrician birth, 
L. Sextius, s. adolescens, et cujus spei 
nihil praeter genus patricium deesset, 
Liv. 6, 34,.fim.: ¥. VIGOROUS, ACTIVE. 

8, expériens, ntis (trying every- 

thing): usu. with some other word: 
Join: promptissimus homo et experiens, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 17, 37: vir acer experiens- 
que, Liv. 6, 34, ad init. 4, audax 
(oftener in bad sense): Vv. BOLD, DARING. 

entertain : |. To receive as 
host : expr. by hospitium, with 
accipio, excipio, invito, etc.: L shall e. 
you with country hospitality, te agresti 
hospitio accipiemus, Cic. Att. 2, 16,-/in. : 
to e. magnificently, magnificentissimo 
h. accipere, Cic. (hospitio excipere, 
strictly of one who tales in a person 
needing hospitality, cf. Liv. 29, 11: qui 
vir optimus Romae esset, hospitio deam 
(peregrinam] exciperet: cf. Tac. Ger. 
21): the whole household will come out 
to meet (me); will hospitably e. me, 
tota familia occurret; hospitio invitabit, 
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, jfin.: to e. ambassadors 
publicly, legatos in publicum bospitium 
adducere, Liv. 5, 28, med. 9. of the 
above verbs, invito, accipio, excipio, are 
also used absol.: they tale their friends 
into the camp to e. them, suos in castra 
invitandi causa adducunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 
14, med.: to e. a person magnificently, 
aliquem magnifice accipere, Pl : v. 10 IN- 
VITE, TREAT. |]. Zo amuse: oblecto, 
délecto, 1: v. TO AMUSE, DIVERT. Ill. 
To cherish in the mind: hibeo, 2: to e. 
a wish, opinion, voluntatem, opinionem 
habere, Cic. (v. TO HOLD): sometimes 
with in animo: to have upon the lips 
and toe. in the mind (a sentiment), in 
ore atque in animo h., Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 
ad init. Phr.: to be led to e. a hope, 
in spem venire, adduci (v. HOPE): I 
strongly ¢. the hope, magna me spes 
tenet, Cic.; magnus mihi animus est, 
Tac.: Vv. TO CHERISH (fin.). 

entertainer: 1. hospes: v. Host. 

9. pirdchus (strictly, a purveyor: 

q. v.): Hor. S. 2, 8, 36 (faceté). 3: 
convivator, Hor. S. 2, 8, 74: Liv. (Or 
expr. by verb: who was your e., quis te 
hospitio accepit, hospitio invitavit? v. 
TO ENTERTAIN.) 

entertaining: festivus, ludicer, 
Wépidus: v. AMUSING," DIVERTING. 

entertainingly: festive, jucunde, 
lépidé: v. AMUSINGLY, PLEASANTLY. 

entertainment: Il. #y @ host: 
hospitium: rustic e., agreste h., Cic.: v. 
TO ENTERTAIN (L.); HOSPITALITY. Il. 
A feast: convivium, épilae: v. BAN- 
QUET, FEAST. II]. amusement: ob- 
lectatio, délectatio, lidus: v AMUSE- 
MENT. IV. A public amusement : 
(@) minus, éris, m. (a term applied to 
the gladiatorial exhibitions, Cic.): v. 
SHOW. 

enthrall: in servitutem redigo: v. 
TO ENSLAVE. 

enthrone: i.e. fo seat on the epis- 
copal chair: *inthronizo, incathedro, 1 : 
Med. L.: v. Du C. s. vv. 

enthroned: |. Of a bishop: *in- 
cithedratus: v. Du C. s. v. — [f. In 
gen. sense: *qui in solio consedit; quasi 
in (regio) solio sedem habens: v. THRONE. 
Phr.: who ts e. in the heavens, *qui 
ipsum coelum pro solio habet. 

enthronement: *incathedratio (of 
a bishop): v. Du C. s. v. 





enthusiasm: |. Religious excite- 
: fllror: v. FRENZY, FANATICISM. 


Phr.: to be jilled with a kind of e., 





ENTICE 


quasi divino quodam spiritu inflari, Cic. 
Arch, 8, 18: V. INSPIRATION. (Cic. has 
évOovortacuos in Greek characters = af- 
flatus, poetic inspiration, Q Fr. 3, 4.) 
Il. Any Jervid feeling : 1, stu- 

dium (ardour, devotion, q. v.: often in 
pl.): to be full of e. for the discovery of 
truth, ardere studio veri reperiendl, 
Cic.: with such e. on the part of all 
good men, tanto s. omnium bonorum, 
Cic.: with extraordinary good will and 
é., praestanti (in me) benevolentia et 
divino s., Cic. ad Quir. 6, 45: wnder 
the influence of a strong e. for philo- 
sophy, admirabili quodam ad philoso- 
phiam s. concitatus, Cic. Br. 89, 306: 
such was the e. felt about my safety, 
haec erat studiorum in mea salute con- 
tentio, Cic. Sext. 62, 130. 9. fervor, 
ardor, incitatio: v. ARDouR. Phr.: im 
a sudden jit of e., repentino quodam im- 
petu animi incitatus, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49: 
to be received with considerable e. (of uw 
singer), effusius excipi, Suet. Ner. 22, 
jin.; (of an actor), magno cum fremitin 
et clamore dicere, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 33 
without any e., mortuo plausu, Ciel. ¢: 
no good poet without e., poeta bonus 
nemo sine inflammatione animorum,. 
Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 194: nor did the e. of 
the people flag, neque elanguit cura ho- 
minum, Liv. 23, 23, fin. 

enthusiast: |. A person under 
religious excitement: homo enthéus: v. 
foll. art. ||. One ardently devoted to 
any pursuit: Phr.: ane. about brasses, 
(qui) stupet in aere, Hor. S. 1, 4, 28: 
ane. about coins, *(homo) numismatibus 
conquirendis quasi furore quodam de- 
ditus. 

enthusiastic: |. Under religious 
excitement : 1, enthéus, f. enthéa 
(Gk. €vOeos): the e. crowd (of worship- 
pers of Cybele), enthea turba, Mart. 11, 
84, 4: Sen. (trag.). 9, fanaticus: v. 
FANATICAL, FRENZIED. 3, attOnitus: 
epith. of vates, Hor. Od. 3, 19, 14. 4, 
fiirens, ntis: Ov. Her. 5, 121; cf. Virg. 
Aen. 6, 102. 5, expr. by circuml., 
*(homo) divino quodam afflatu instinc- 
tus, cui in pectore sedet deus, cf. Virg. 
Aen. 6, 78: Vv INSPIKATION. Il. Of 
warm, eager temperament : ], fer- 
vidus (hot, impetuous): used as epith. 
characteristic of youth, Hor. A. P. 115: 
Ov.: Vv. FIERY. 2. stiididsus (devoted 
to, fond of ; less strong than the Eng.) : 
an e. lover of the woodland and the 
chase, (homo) s. nemorum, caedisque 
ferinae, Ov. Met. 7, 765: Zam perfectly 
e. about plate, in argento plane s. sum, 
Petr. fr.: more e. about recalling me 
than about retaining me, studiosior 
restituendi mei quam retinendi, Cic. 
Att. 8, 3, 2: Vv. DEVOTED TO. 3. be- 
fore such words as admiration, devo- 
tion, etc.: summus, maximus: e. ad- 
miration, Maxima, summa admiratio, 
Cic.: V. GREAT, EXTREME. Phr.: fo be 
an e. admirer of, stupere in aliqua re, 
summa animi intentione studere alicui 
rei (Vv. ENTHUSIAST): ¢€. joy, exultans 
gestiensque lawtitia, Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; 
effusio anim! in laetitia, Cic. 1. c. 

enthusiastically: 1, stidiose: 
Vv. EAGERLY. (The sense may be more 
adequately expr. by the superl.: cf. 
Suet. Cal. 54. 9, effasé (giving full 
play to the feelings): Suet.: Plin. jun.: 
Vv. ENTHUSIASM (/fin.). Phr.: e. de- 
voted to, studiosissimus (with ge7.), 
Cic.: to pursue the study of Greek lite- 
rature e., literas Graecas avide arripere, 
Cic.: to be e. received, maximo plausu 
excipi, cf. Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3: I was e. 
welcomed by all the good, cum summo 
studio omnium bonorum exceptus sum, 
cf. Cic. ad Quir 8, 18. 

enthymeme: enthyméma, itis, 7. : 
Quint. 

entice: J, allecto, 1 (frequent. 
of allicio: v. TO ALLURE): ¢0 e. [Keep on 
enticing] exen to drink by whistling, 
boves sibilo al., ut bibant, Col.; Cic. 

2, pellicio, exi, ectum, 3 (to lead 

into mischief): Ter.: Cic. 3, illicio, 
3: V. TO DECOY, ALLURE. 4, inesco, 
I: v. TO ENTRAP. 5, élicio, cui, 


| citum, 3 (to tempt or draw out): v. To 


ENTITLE 


DRAW OUT, ELICIT. 

enticement: 1. allectatio (con- 
tinued act of enticing), Quint. 2. il- 
lécebrae, arum: v. ALLUKEMENT. 3. 
esca (lit. a bait for catching prey): 
pleasure the means of e. to vice, voluptas, 
e. malorum, Cic. 4, léndcinium, 
esp. in pl. : V. FASCINATION. 


enticer: allector (rare): Col.: v. 
TEMPTER. 
enticing: 1. illécebrdsus (abound- 


ing in allurements, esp. to what is bad 
rare): Pl: Prud. 9, blandus (coaz- 
ing, winning): the e, alluiements of 


| pleasure, illecebrae b. voluptatis, Cic 


|b. lacertis, Ov. Met. 2, 100 








| arum ; 


Tusc. 4, 3, 6: with e. (coaxing) arms, 
e. toil (of 
labor, Virg. G. 3, 127 
e. arts or charms, Wlanditiae, 
also blandimenta, crum: the 
e. influence of pleasure, voluptatum 
blanditiae, Cic.: to approach any one 
with e. arts, per blandimenta aliquem 
agegredi, Tac. A. 13, 13 (Vv. FASCINA- 
TION): to use e. arts, blandiri, Cie. 
how e. is vice, *quantae sunt vitiorum 
illecebrae, quanta blandimenta; quan- 
tum valent vitiorum lenocinia ad hom- 
ines pelliciendos atque corrumpendos 
v. preced. art. 
enticingly: blandé (persuasively, 
coaxingly), Cic. (Or expr. by pres. part. 
of allicio, to ask anything e., *allicientis, 
blandientis modo aliquid rogare: v. To 
ENTICE.) 
entire: |. Whole, undivided : 
1. totus: to swallow cakes e., totas 
obsorbere placentas, Hor.: v. WHOLE. 
9. intéger, gra, grum (lit. intact ; 
hence, not diminished, unimpaired) ; the 
lower part (of the piles) remained €., pars 
inferior i. remanebat, Caes. B. G. 7, 35 
not surviving e., nec superstes i., Hor 
Od. 2,17, 7. 3, sdlidus (substantial, 
unbroken): they (serpents) swallow 
stags and bulls e., solidos bauriunt cer- 
vos taurosque, Plin.: the e. flesh of the 
bulls, s. taurorum viscera, Virg. Aen. 6, 
253: an e. hour, s. hora, Juv.: Cic. 
4, iniversus (the whole together, in 
its entiveness): V. WHOLE. _ §, illibatus 
(from which nuthing has been taken, 
unimpaired): to carry his glory (0 
Pompey) to the grave e., gloriam (suam) 
illibatam deferre ad inferos, Vell. 2, 48, 
med.: ‘Vac. 6, plénus: v. comPLETE 
Phr.: (to build vessels) of e. trees (ane 
to each), ex singulis arboribus. Liv. (in 
Q.): the e. human race, univer-itas 
generis humani, Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 164 
Il. Not gelded: an e. horse, equus 
admissarius, Col.: Pall. 
entirely: ], omnino: vy. ALTo- 
GETHER. 9, expr. by totus, in agt 
with subs.: a man e. made of dishonesty 
and lies, homo totus ex fraude et men- 
dacio factus, Cic. Clu. 26,72: e. absorbed 
in them (trifles), totus in illis, Hor. 5. 
I, 9, 2: e. devoted to us, tutus noster, 
Cic. 8, plané: v. QUITE. 4, péni- 
tus (inwardly, thorough!y): tw have 
lost a custom e., consuetudinem p. ami- 
sisse, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 27 : V. TOTALLY, THO- 
ROUGHLY, COMPLETELY. 
en ireness, entirety: expr. ky 
totus, iiniversus, sdlidus: to look at the 
matter in its e., *rem universam Con- 
templari: Vv. WHOLE, ENTIRE. (Not 
integritas o7 universitas in this sense 
V. WHOLE, subs.) 
entitle: |. To give a title or 
claim to: ], expr. by jus, jiris, n., 
with a verb: to be ed to do anything, 
jus aliquid faciendi habere, Cic. Fam. 4, 
1, fin.: Tam e.d to ansuer on behalf of 
one who is my junior, pro hoc enim, 
qui minor est natu, meo jure respondeo, 
Cic. Am. 9, 32: he is in @ manner ed 
to claim the advantage (of my studies), 
fructum a me repetere prope suo jure 
debet, Cic. Arch. init. 9. expr. by 
dignus: he who obeys modestly seems e.d 
one day to command, qui modeste paret, 
videtur qui aliquando imperet dignus 
esse, Cic, Leg. 3, 3, 5: whilst he was 
thought e.d (to the privilege) in himself, 
quum ipse per se dignus putaretur, Cle 
261 


breeding), b. 
Phr.; 


ENTITLED TO 


Arch. 4,6: v. TO DESERVE (6). Phr.: 
I have avoided blame, but am not (there- 
fore) e.d to praise, vitavi culpam, non 
merui laudem, Hor.: he is ed to our 
best services, huic quantum est situm in 
nobis opem ferre debemus, Cic. Arch. I, 
1: to doubt whether a man is e.d to the 
franchise, de alicujus civitate dubitare, 
Cie. Arch. 5, 10: our intimacy e.s me to 
use this frankness, *hac mili pro nostra 
consuetudine licet uti libertate. ll. 
To give a designation to: 1, inscribo, 
psi, ptum, 3 (of the titles of works): the 
treatise e.d Laelius, liber qui inscribitur 
Laelius, Cie. Off. 2, 9, init. 
is also used, (liber) qui est inscriptus 
Hortensius, Cie. Div. 2, init. (But the 
pres. is preferable when the current 
title of a work is given: cf. Cic. Off. 2, 
24, fin.: Suet. Caes. 55.) 2. appello, 
nomino, I: V. TO CALL, NAME. 

entitled to; dignus (with abl.): v. 
preced. art. (L.). 

entity: essentia; ens, entis, m.: Vv. 
Quint. 8, 3, 33. 

entomb: 1, condo, himo: vy. TO 
BURY. Q, pono, posui, itum, 3: when 
the body is ed, corpore posto (posito), 
Lucr. 3, 884: Virg.: freq. in p. part., 
positus, Ulp. Dig. 34, 1, 18, jin. (esp- in 
epitaphs). 

entombment; sépultiira: v. BURIAL. 

entomological: *entomdlogicus, as 
scient. tf Phr.: an e. worl, *liber 
de insectorum natura scriptus: v. INSECT. 


entomologist: *entOmdlogicus, as | 
| but stronger): to descend to the most 
| humiliating es, ad infimas ob. pro- 


scient.#.¢ Phr.: @ learned e., *homo 
insectorum naturae peritus. 

entomology: *entémélogia, asscient. 
t. f.: v. preced. artt. 

entozoa: *ejus generis animalcula 
quae intra corpora aliorum animantium 
versantur (quae entozoa dicuntur). 

entrails: viscéra, exta, ilia: for 
Syn. V. INTESTINES. 

entrance (swbs.): |. The act of 
entering : 1, ingressio: to be for- 
bidden e. into the forum, ab in. fori 
propulsari, Cic. Phil. 5, 4,9: the form 
ingressus also occurs, Caes. 92. in- 
troitus, tis (for syn. v. TO ENTER): €. by 
night into Smyrna, nocturnus in. Smyr- 
nam, Cic. Phil. 11, 2,5: at his very first 
€., primo statim in., Tac. 3. expr. 
by verb: immediately on his e., *ut 
primum introiit, intravit: those who 
effected an e. there, quo qui intraverant, 
Caes B. G., 1, 73: (the dictator) makes 
his triumphal e. into the city, tri- 
umphans urbem invehitur, Liv.: v. To 
ENTER. Il. The right of entering to 
the presence of a Icing, etc.: jus adeundi, 
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, fin.: these have constant 
right of e. to the Icing, *bis patet semper 


aditus ad regem: v. ACCESS. Ill. 
Concrete, a place for entering: 1° 
intrditus, as: all the e.s had been blocked 


up, omnes in. praeclusi erant, Caes. : 
Cic. Q, Aditus, is: v. APPROACH (II). 

3. os. Oris, 2.: (mouth; of a gulf, 
cavern, etc.): at the e. of the Euxine, 
in ore Ponti [et angustiis], Cic. Verr. 4, 
58, 12g (for which immediately after, 
ad introitum Ponti). Join: in ipso 
aditu, atque ore (portus), Cic. 
ostium (like preced.): v.mouTH. Phr.: 
just at the very e., in ipso limine (v. 
THRESHOLD): just at the narrowest part 
of the e. to the harbour, qua fauces erant 


augustissimae portus, Caes. B. C. 1, 25, | 


med. : at thee. of the province, in prima 
provincia, Cic. Fam. 3, 6. 

entrance-fee: (at school) perh. 
Minerval, alis, n.: cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 
jin. \n wider sense perh. *honos aditi- 
alis (cf. epulae aditiales, Plin. 29, 4. 14): 
Vv, FEE. 

entrance (v.): |. To put ina 
trance: nearest word perb. consopio, 4: 
cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92: “ Endymion a 
Luna consepitus putatur.” More pre- 
cisely, *animi quasi excessum e corpore 
efficere (?). |, 70 delight exceedingly: 
cipio, rapio: Vv. TO ENRAPTURE, RAVISH,. 

entrancing (@4j.) : suavissimus (7): 
4. DELIGHTFUL, 

entrap: 1. inesco, t (by a bart) : 
to e. dumb animals by a bait, muta 

262 


4, | 


The perf. | 





ENTWINE 


animalia ciboin., Petr. Fig.: foe.men, 
in. homines, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 12: Liv. 
2. capio, 3: v. TO CATCH. By 
expr. by pédica (a foot-trap), laqueus 
(a noose), réte (a net); with a verb: 
(caught fast in the ice) just as tf e.’d, 
velut pedicé capta, Liv. 21, 36, fin.: lo 
e. game, laqueis eaptare feras, Virg.: v. 
TRAP, NET. 4. irrétio, 4 (strictly, in 
a net): V. TO ENSNARE. 
entreat: 1. obsecro, 1 (earnestly 
to make appeal to): he €.s and adjures 
you by his old age, te obs. obtestaturque 
per senectutem suam, Cic.: I e. your 
protection, obsecro vestram fidem, PL. : 
Vv. TO BESEECH. 9. obtestor, 1 (still 
stronger than preced.: v. supr.): Vv. TO 
ADJURE, fin. 3. dro, 1 (to pray to, 
as to a deity; fo implore): v. TO IM- 
PLORE. 4, précor, déprécor, 1: V.- 
TO PRAY. §, péto,3: V.TO BEG. See 
also TO ASK. 
entreaty: 1. précem, e, f. (nom. 
and gen. sing. obsol.; and more freq. 
in pl.: any prayer or earnest request) : 
neither by e.s nor bribes to be led astray, 
nec prece, nec pretio a recta via deduci, 
Auct. Her.: he made use of the most 
urgent, most import unate e.s, omnibus p. 
petere contendit, ut... ., Caes. B.G 5, 
6: comp. fatigare aliquem precibus, Liv. 
I, II: V. PRAYER. Q, rogatio, rogatus 
(the latter only in abl.): v. REQUEST. 
3. obsecratio (earnest appeal) : 


Join: prece et obsecratione (humili) | 


uti, Cie. 4, obtestatio (like preced., 


ecumbere, Tac. A. I, 12, init. Join: 
in preces obtestationesque verti, Liv. 
5, deprécatio (‘for forgiveness) : 

deprecatio ejus facti, Cic. Part. 37, 131. 
Phr.: obtained by e., to which no claim 
of right can be made, précarius, Liv.: 
Tac.: adv., precario, by entreaty, Tac. 

entrepot: emporium (a centre of 
traffic): Liv.: Plin. 

entrust: 1, crédo, didi, ditum, 
3 (from a feeling of confidence : in this 
sense with acc. and dat.): to e. every- 
thing to one man, c. emnia uni, Cic. 
Man. 23, 68: (Quintilius) not on such 
terms ed (to the care of the gods), non 
ita creditus, Hor. Od. 1,24, 11. Join: 
committere atque credere (aliquid ali- 
cui), Cic. 9. coucrédo, 3 (strength- 
ened from credo: less freq.): Join: 
commendare et concredere, Cic. ay 
commendo, 1 (formally to consign to a 
person’s care): V. TO COMMEND. 4. 
committo, misi, ssum, 3 (to commit to a 
persen’s honour, whether with trust or 
without) : Join: committere et credere 
(where the former denotes rather the 
act, the latter the feeling with which it 
is done); commendare et commitiere, 
Ter. 5. permitto, 3 (to leave to the 
power of « “commissus fidei, permissus 
potestati,” Cic. Font. 14. 30): the con- 
duct of the war is ed to hom, summa 
ei belli administratio permittitur, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 36. 6, dépono, posui, itum, 
3 (strictly, to put in a place of safety, 
as money): Fig.: e. your secret to safe 
ears, quidquid habes tutis depone auri- 
bus, Hor.: Cic.: v. TO DEPOSIT. 

entrusted: fiduciarius (given on 
trust): Caes.: Liv. 

entry: |. The act of entering: 
intrditus, is: v. ENTRANCE. ll. 


| passage for entering: aula(?): Vv. COURT. 


See also ENTRANCE (IIL), and PASSAGE. 

I. That which is written down or 
registered: Phr.: to make an e. of 
anything, aliquid in tabulas referre, Cic. 
(v. TO ENTER, B., 1V.): to make (formal) 
e. of the particulars of a transaction 
and conclude it, nomina facere, nego- 
tium conficere, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 59 (numen 
is esp. used for the e. of a debt: v. 
DEBT): book-keeping by double-e., *ra- 
tiones (accepti et expensi) per binos 


codices confectae (?). 
entwine: 1, implico, avi and 


ui, atum and itum, 1 (to fold one thing 
in or upon another): as the clinging 


| ivy creeping hither and thither e.s a 


tree, ut tenax hedera hue et illuc ar- 





ENVIABLE 


borem im. errans, Cat.: (Canidia) with 
hair e.d with vipers, implicata viperis 
crines, Hor.: to e. one’s temples with a 
green bough, tempora im. frondenti 
ramo, Virg. 2. implecto, xi, xum, 
3 (to twist together: rare except in 
p. part.): (the Eumenides) with snakes 
e.d in their hair, implexae crinibus an- 
gues, Virg.: Plin. 3. circumplico, r 
(to twine round): a monster e.d about 
with serpents, cireumplicata serpentibus 
bellua, Cic. 4, rédimio, 4 (to tie, as 
with a band, wreath, etc.): with the 
temples ed with bay, redimitus tempora 
lauro, Tib.: Ov.: v. TO WREATHE. if 
necto, xui, xum, 3 (to fasten together) : 
to e.a garland (i. e. make one by e.ing 
flowers together), n. coronam, Hor. 6, 
innecto, 3 (with acc. and dat.: to e. 
upon): toe. one’s arms about a person’s 
neck, in. brachia collo, Stat.: Virg.: Ov. 
enumerate: 1, éniméro, 1: i 
would take too long to e. the battles, 
longum est e. proelia, Nep.: Cic. 2.) 
niméro, dinuméro, I: v. TO COUNT. 
Phr.: nor is it needful to e. them (the 
kinds of vines), neque enim numero 
comprehendere refert, Virg. G. 2, 104: 
they were ed, numerus (eorum) initus 
est, cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 76 med. 
enumeration : 1, eniimeratio, 
ic. 2. expr. by niimérus: there can 
be no e. of their names, nec nomina 
quae sint est n., Virg. G. 2, 104: to 
make an e., numerum inire, Caes. §. 
récensio (as the result of a review or 
survey) : Suet. 4, commémdbratio- 


V. RECITAL. 

enunciate : |. To predicate - 
énuntio, 1: whatever is ed (=—every 
proposition), quidquid enuntiatur, Cic. 
Acad, 2, 29, 95: V. TO STATE, PREDI- 
CATE. ||. To give utterance to sounds : 
exprimo, articiilo: V. TO ARTICULATE. 

enunciation: —_ |. The act of sta- 
ting, predicating ; @nuntiatio (setting 
forth in any way): Quint. Il. OF 
articulate sounds: explanatio: v. ARTI- 
CULATION. Phr.: to bestow care on 
the correct e. of every letter,* curam ad- 
hibere ut proprie exprimatur unaquae- 
que litera. 

envelope (v.): 1, involvo, vi, 
itum, 3: the fire es the whole wood in 
flames, ignis totum i. flammis nemus, 
Virg. G. 2, 3¢8: to be ed in smoke, 
involvi fumo, Ov.: v.-TO WRAP UP. Q, 
circumfundo, fadi, sum, 3 (with acc.) : 
the most dense atmosphere e.s tt (the 
earth), quam crassissimus c. aer, Cic. 
N. 1}. 2, 6. 17: esp. poet., the goddess 
ed them with a mantle of mist, nebulae 
(eos) circum dea fudit amictu, Virg. Aen. 
1,412: Sil 8. amicio, cui, ctum, 4 
(as with a mantle): thy fair shoulders 
e.d in cloud, nube candentes humeros 
amictus, Hor. 4, condo, 3: v. TO HIDE. 
Phr.: let Jove e. the heavens in cloud, 
nube polum pater occupato, Hor.: v. TO 
COVER. 

envelope (subs): invélicrum (any 
wrapper or coating): Cic.: Plin. 

enveloping (a4j.): circumfusus (shed 
around) : ¥. TO ENVELOPE (2). 

envenom: i.e. to render virulent : 
perh. exaspéro, I: Vv. TO EXASPERATE. 
Chiefly used in p. part.: v. foll. art. 

evvenomed (part. adj.): chiefly 
used fig., tinctured with malice, hatred, 
etc.: Phr.: e. spite, malignitas ista 
multo tincta veneno, Sen. Vit. beat. 18, 
1: the e. darts of calumny, *detrectan- 
tium occultae insidiae : the e. ton: ues of 
informers, *delatorum odiosa illa ac 
pestifera indicia: e. jealousy, *invidiae 
stimuli (cf. Liv. 30, 14, iit. : “non hos- 
tili modo odio, sed amoris etiam stimu- 
lis”: Tac. freq. uses stimuli of bitter, 


exasperated feeling). 
enviable: 1, dignus cui invideas 


or invideatur: v. TO ENVY. (Hor. has 
ger. part. invidendus, Od. 2, 10, 3, but 
this should not be followed in prose: 
see L. G. § 234, Obs. 2.) 2. often 
beatus, fortunatus, optatus, will be near 
enough: O e. husbandmen, O nimium 
fortunatos agricolas! Virg. G. 2, 458 

how ¢. is his lot who far from bust 


ENVIER 


EPITAPH 


EQUAL 











ness ..., beatus ille qui procul negotiis..., 
Hor. Epod. 1, 1. 

envier: (bomo) invidus. by your e.s 
and detractors. a tuis invidis et obtrecta- 
toribus, Cic. Fam. 1, 4, med. 

envious: 1, invidus: the e. man 
pines at (the sight of) his neighbour's 
wealth, invidus alterius macrescit rebus 
opimis, Hor. Ep 1, 2,57: Cic.: Vv. JEA- 
LOUS. 9. invididsus (usu. pass., ex- 
posed to jealous ill-will, Cic.): Fig.: 
2. antiquity, i. vetustas, Ov. 3. 
lividus (virulently, actively e.): €. and 
slanderous, 1, et mordax, Hor. S. 1, 4, 
93: e. oblivion, |. obliviones, Hor. : Cic. 

4, livens, ntis (= lividus): Mart. 

Phr:: to be e. of, invidere, livere (with 
dat.) : Vv. TO ENVY. 

enviously: Phr.: to look e. upon 
any thing, alicui rei invidere, invidis 
oculis (Hor. has dente invido, Od. 4, 3, 
16) aliquid aspicere : v. TO ENVY. Some- 
times invidus may do (LG. § 343): he 
e. disparayes him, *invidus detrectat 
laudes ejus: they e. lool: on, *invidi 
gpectant (v. ENVIous): comp. Hor. Od. 
3, 24, 32. 

enviousness: V- ENVY. 

environ (v.): cireumdo, circum- 
plector: v. TO SURROUND, ENCOMPASS. 

environment: quae nobis circum- 
stant; in quibus versamur: v. CIRCUM- 
STANCES. 

environs: expr. by circumjectus: 
he set fire to all the buildings in the e. 
of the city, omnia aedificia circumjecta 
urbi incendit, Liv. 9, 28, fin., or by cir- 
cumjaceo: the e. of the city are de- 
lightful, *quae circumjacent urbi loca, 
sunt amoenissima: Vv. CIRCUMJACENT 5 
SUBURBS. 

envoy : légatus, orator (spokesman), 
muntius (messenger): V. AMBASSADOR. 

envy (subs.): 1, invidia (including 
also i/l-will, in wider sense: v. ODIUM): 
no greater torment than e., invidia non 
majus tormentum, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 58: 
Cic. 9. invidentia: a term coined 
by Cic. to expr. the active sense exclu- 
sively: “invidia tum est quum invi- 
deatur,” Tusc. 3, 9, 203; “ invidentia est 
aegritudo ex alterius rebus secundis,” 
ib. § 21. 8. livor (virulent, active 
€.): €. preys on the living, pascitur in 
vivis l., Ov.: spite and e., malevolentia 
et 1., Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 10 (not in Cic. 
himself appy.): Phaedr. 4, malignitas 
(any ill-natured feeling) : envenomed e., 
m. ista multo tincta veneno, Sen.: v. 
spire.  §, obtrectatio (strictly the act 
of envious detraction : also used by Cic. 
for envy in general: ‘Tusc. 4, 8,18): v. 
DETRACTION. 6, zélotypia (Gr. GnAo- 
amma): Cic. Tuse. 1. c.; v. JEALOUSY. 
Phr.: to be back-bitten by the tooth of 
€., morderi dente invido, Hor.: she gazes, 
and pines avay from e. with gazing on 
men’s prosperity, videt, intabescitque vi- 
dendo successus hominum, Ov. M. 2, 780. 

envy (v.): 1. invideo, vidi, sum, 
2 (strictly, to look with evil eye on; 
hence, with dat.: to a dat. of person is 
added abl. with prep. or alone [in Tac.}) : 
vehemently to e. one's superiors, vehe- 
menter superioribus i., Cic.: herein I 
rather e. you, in hoc tibi paulum in- 
video, Cic.: v. TO GRUDGE. (N.B.—The 
aa must be expr. impersonally : 

. G. § 234, Obs. 2.) 9. liveo, 2 (for 
syn. v. ENVY, subs.: only with dat. of 
person; rare): Tac.: Mart. Phr.: toe. 
any one a little, subinvidere alicui, Cic. 
Fam. 7, 10. See also JEALOUS (TO BE). 

enwrap: involvo, 3: v. TO WRAP UP. 

enwreathed: implicatus, innexus: 
V. TO ENTWINE. 

epact: Epactae, arum, f. (Gr. éraxrai, 
Sc. nuépat): Isid. 

epaulet: (?) hiimé@rale, is: an ar- 
ticle of military costume, worn on the 
shoulder, Paul. Dig. 49, 16, 14. (Or 
expr by circumL, *ornamentum mili- 
tare quod in humeris gestatur.) 

ephemeral : |. Lit.: lasting 
one day: diurnus (rare in this sense) : 
to fuljil their e. destiny (of the “ sparti”’ 
which sprang from the serpent’s teeth), 
implesse aetatis fata diurna suae, Ov. 











Her. 6, 36. Or expr. by cireuml., qui 
unum diem vivit, Clic. lj, Big: 
short-lived : 1, brévis, e: Vv. BRIEF. 
9. cadticus (fading, perishable): 
Cic. : Ov.: v. TRANSIENT. 
ephod: siiperhimérale, is, 7.: Hier. 
ephor: épbhdérus, Cic. 
ephoralty: ephororum magistratus, 
dignitas: v. OFFICE. 
epic: 1, épicus: an e. poet, poem, 
poeta, poema e., Cic. 9. hérodicus: 
v. HEROIC. Phr.: e. poetry, epos (neut., 
and only in nom. and acc.), Hor. S 1, 10, 
43: Mart.: a swan of e. strain, Maeonii 
carminis ales, Hor. Od. 1, 6, 2: the sub- 


jects of e. poetry, res gestae regumque 


ducumque et tristia bella, Hor. A.P. 73. 
epicene: épicoenus, Donat. 
epicure: Epicuri de grege porcus, 

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 16. See vVOLUPTUARY. 
epicurean : I. é 

Epicurus : Epiciiréus (both as adj. and 

subs.), Cic. Il. Devoted to indul- 

gence: homo voluptarius: v. VOLUPTU- 

ARY, SENSUALIST. 
epidemic: |. Adj., @pidemus, 

Amm. 19, 4,ad fin. Phr.: the disease 

became e., late vis morbi evagata est, 

Liv.: v. TO SPREAD. Il. Subs., labes 

(Iues) epidema, Amm. I. c.: see also 

PLAGUE, PESTILENCE. 
epidermis; *summa cutis quae epi- 

dermis appellatur. 
epiglottis: épiglossis, idis, f.: Plin. 
epigram ; épigramma, itis, n.: Cic. 

Mart. 
epigrammatic: ¢pigrammaticus, 

Spart. Phr.: with e. point, *acute et 

epigrammatis prope modo dictum. 
epvigrammatist : 1, épigram- 

matista, m.: Sid. 2. épigrammata- 
rius, Vop. 
epilepsy: 1, morbus comitialis 

(so called from the occurrence of a fit 

of it serving to render the holding of 

comitia illegal): to be seized with a fit 

of e.,c. morbo corripi, Plin. 32, 4, 14: 

Sen. (he disease was also called mor- 

bus sacer and morbus major, Cels.) 

2. morbus cidicus (falling sick- 
ness), Apul. 3. épilepsia (Gr. eém- 

Ania): Lampr. Phr.: to recover per- 

sons from a, jit of €., comitiales erigere, 

attollere, Plin. 32, 4, 14. 
epileptic: 1, cdmitialis, e: e. 

maladies, c. morbi, Plin.: v. preced. art. 

Q. &pilepticus: v. Fore. s.v. 
epilogue: épilogus, Cic.: Quint. 
epiphany: épiphania, Amm.: Isid. 
episcopal: épiscdpalis, e, Prud. 
episcopally ; épiscopaliter, Aug. 
episcopate: Episcdpatus, ts, Tert. 
episode : 1. embéolium or -on 

(Gr. €uBoAvov): Cic. Sext. 54, 116. 

(Elsewhere, in Q. Fr. 3, 1, ad jin., Cic. 

writes the word as Gk.) 2. excur- 

sus, IS: V. DIGRESSION. 3, *episddium 

(Gr. érecoodcov), Kr. Phr.: to witio- 

duce a charming e., *mirificam narra- 

tionem (fabulam) in librum includere, cf. 

Cic. Q. F. 1. c.: to embellish a work with 

e.s,*varietate fabularum inclusarum opus 

distinguere (cf. Liv. 9, 17: “ varietati- 
bus distinguendo opere, legentibus velut 
amoena deverticula quaerere’’); *varie- 
tatem fabularum narrationi interjicere, 

intertexere: that you would treat it as a 

kind of e.in your general narrative, ut 

a continentibus tunis scriptis, secernas 

hanc quasi fabulam, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 3. 
epistle: épistdla, litérae, arum: v. 

LETTER. 
epistolary: expr. by epistola, lite- 

rae: €. correspondence, epistolarum com- 

mercium: Vv. CORRESPONDENCE (II.): e. 

style, *scribendi genus ad epistolas scri- 

bendas accommodatum.  (Epistolicus 
occurred in Varr. in the title of a work, 

Gell. 14, 8; and epistolaris is found in 

Aug. [epistolare colloquium, ad Marcell. 

5], but both are better avoided.) 
epitaph : 1, tittilus (sepulcri) : 

Juv. 6, 230: Aus. epitaph. 20: also 

titulus sepulcralis, Aus. pref. epitaph. ; 

or even titulus alone, ib. 1o. 2. &pi- 
taphium (strictly Gk.): Aus. pref. epi- 
taph. 3, elégium (when the ep. is of 

a sententious character): Cic. Sen. 17, 


Connected with | 








61. 4, carmen incisum in sepulcro, 
Cie. 1. ¢. 

epithalamium: épithalamium, Cat, 
lem. : Aus. (carmen nuptiale, any nup- 
tial song, Cat. 61, 12). 

epithet : épithéton, i, 7. (Gk. ére 
Gerov), Quint. 8, 2, 10 (where appositum 
is given as the Latin equiv.): Macr. 5. 
6, 5. 

epitome: 1, épitémé, és or &pi- 
tdéma, ue, Cic. 9. summarium, Sen. 
Ep. 39: “ nunc breviarium dicitur; olim 
quum Latine loqueremur, summarium 
dicebatur.” 3, bréviarium, Suet. 
Sen. l. c. 

epitomist : 


*épitémator, Force! 


| Gloss. 


epitomize : 1, %pitdmo, 1 (v. 
rare), Trebell. Q, expr. by épitéme 
(or -a) and a verb: (Diop hanes) ed Uv 
whole of Dionysius and comprised it in 
siz books, totum Dionysium sex epito- 
mis circumscripsit. Col. 1, 1, med. 
simly, cogere in epitomen, Aus. See 
also TO ABRKIDGE. 

epitrite: épitritus (pes), Gram. 

epoch: |, A fized date to reckon 
from: *époécha, ae (Gr. éxoxy): =" ini- 
tium certum aliquod, unde anni nume- 
rantur,” Forcell. Gloss. s. 0. (N.B.— 
Epocha sbould be confined to the above 
strictly tech, sense ) ||. A time or 
date: tempus, tempora; sécitlum: v. 
AGE, PERIOD. 

epode: Epodos, i, m. (also /., Victor.), 

us. 


epopee: Epos, ”.: Vv. EPIC. 

equability : 1, aequabilitas: e. 
of motion, ae. motus, Cic.: v. EVEN- 
NESS. 2. of temper, aequus animus: 
Vv. EQUANIMITY. 

equable: aequabilis, aequialis, ae- 
quus : Vv. EVEN, UNIFORM. 

equably; aequabiliter, aequaliter 
Vv. EVENLY, UNIFORMLY. Join: aequa- 
biliter et constanter [se habere], Sall. 
Cat. 2, med. 

equal (adj.): |. Of the same di- 
MeNSIONS : 1, aequus (often in sense 
of even, impartial: q. v.): an €. share, 
ae. pars, Cie. Verr. 3, 19,49: Ter. 9. 
aequalis, e (corresponding in any di- 
mension or respect: the proper word to 
expr. precise, mathematical equality): 
one part of a foot e. to the other, pars 
pedis ae. alteri parti, Cic.: ¢. in every 
respect (of the virtues), ae. et pares, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 83: Liv. Oft. of equa- 
lity of age (=Gr. ounacé), Ter.: Cic. 
Vv. COEVAL, 3. par, paris (correspond- 
ing to, matching): at av e. (correspnet- 
ing) interval, pari intervallo, Caen. hc 
I, 43: oftener of abstract qualities: of 
e. years and influence, but unequal birth, 
pari aetate et gratia sed dispa.i genere, 
Caes.: e. in affection jor each other, 
pares in amore et aequiles, Cic. Am. 9, 
32. 4. compar, aris (e: en/y matched) : 
an e. match, c. connubium, Liv. 1, 9, 
med. 5, piirilis, e (wear about equal : 
poet.): (Philemon) of abuut e. age, pa- 
rili aetate, Ov.: Lucr. Nrarly ¢., sup- 
par, aris, Cic. Il. Ad quate : 1. 
capax: Vv. CAPABLE. g, par, paris 
as yet Tam not e. (to the task), adhue 
pares non sumus, Cic. Att. 12.15: Quint, 

8. sufficiens, suffectirus: /is 

strength not proving e. to the discharge 
of consular duties, non sufficientibus ad 
consularia munera obeunda viribus, Liv. 
2,8: who though e. to the j.lace would 
decline it, or though unequal would 
aspire to it, quinam locum suffecturi 
abnuerent, aut impares vellent, Tac. A, 
1,13. Phr.: to be e. to the toil, sup- 
peditare labori, Pl. 

equal (subs.): par, paris: he cannot 
brook an e., nec quenquain ferre potest 
parem, Luc. 1, 125: Vell.: oftener in 
pl., men envy chiefly their es or infer 
riors, invident homines maxime pari- 
bus et inferioribus, Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 
209. 
equal (v.): i.e. to be equal to, come 
up te: 1, aequo, 1 (with aec.): (these 
books) have now pretty neariy e/d We 
others in bull, jam illos fere aequarunt 
(al. illis se fere aeq.) Cic. Off. 1,1, 2: an 

262 


EQUALITY 





arrow e.ing the winds (in speed), sagitta 
aequans ventos, Virg.: Liv. (In Cie. 
Brut. 36, 138, the pass. reflect. is used in 
similar sense. “cum Graecorum gloria 
Latine dicendi copiam aequatam.”) 2. 
adaequo, 1 (with acc.; less freq. dat.): 
they 2.’d the speed of shaps of war, lon- 
garum navium cursum adaequarunt, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 8: Cic. (who also uses 
acc.) + that (the tower) might e. the height 
of the walls, quae moenibus adaequaret, 
Hirt. B. G. 8, 41. 3. aequipiro, I 
(with ace. ; less freq. dat.): to €. the 
city itself im importance (of the Pi- 
raeus), urbem dignitate aeq., Nep. Them. 
6: Liv.: Cic. poet. 4, exaequo, I 
(= preced. : rare) : Auct. Her. (v. inf. 
5): Ov. 5, asséquor, secutus, 3 (to 
come up to, overtake : with acc.) : I will 
imitate your Icindness towards me, 
(though) I shall not e. your deserts, bene- 
volentiam tuam erga me imitabor, 
merita non assequar, Cic. Join: asse- 
qui et exaequare, Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28. 
equality: 1. aequum (neut. of 
aequus: chiefly after a prep., in adver- 
bial phr.): to be onan ¢. with deity, in 
~equo diis stare, Sen.: to put a man on 
an e. with another (deem him equal), 
aliquem alicui in aequo ponere, Liv. 
39, 50, fin. (N.B.—Not aequitas in this 
sense; V. EVENNESS.) 9, aequalitas 
(in degree, age, status): to put the vices 
on a perfect e., Vitia in summa ae. po- 
nere, Cic. Leg. 1, 13; 38: fraternal, 
litical e., ae. fraterna, ae. civium, Cic. 
3, aequabilitas (uniformity): (po- 
litical) e. itself ts unequal, ipsa aeq. est 
ne 4. paritas 
(v. rare) : Arn. Phr.: the wise man 
lives on an e. with the gods, sapiens 
cum diis ex pari vivit, Sen. Ep. 59, 14: 
to put one man on ane. with another, 
aliquem alicui adaequare, Cic.; aequare, 
Liv. 
equalization: 1. aequatio, Cic. 
oF exaequatio, Liv. 3, aequi- 
paratio, Gell. 4, aequalitas (strictly 
not the act, but the state): to ease the 
pressure of taxation by e. of burdens, 
exactionem aequalitate munerum mol- 
lire, Tac. Agr. 19. (Or expr. by verb : 
by the e. of danger, aequato periculo, Vv. 
YO EQUALIZE.) 
equalize : 1, aequo, 1: fo @. the 
humbler citizens with the great, tenui- 
ores principibus ae., Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24: 
to e. a contest, certamen ae., Liv. 
exaequo, I: lo ¢. all claims by corrup- 
tion, omnia jura pretio ex., Cic. Verr. 
2, 50, 123: that the labour of com- 
mander and common soldier might be 
e.d, uti militibus exaequatus cum impe- 
ratore labor esset, Sall. 3, expr. by 
aequalis, par, with a verb: im order to 
e. the tributes, *ut tributa aequalia red- 
derentur ; quo magis ex aequo tribu- 
torum pensio fieret: Vv. BQUAT, EQUA- 
LITY. 
equally : 4, aequée: the brave 
man-and the coward e. covet power, im- 
perium bonus et ignavus ac. sibi exop- 
tant, Sall.: to love our friends e. with 
ourselves, ae. amicos et nosmet ipsos 
diligere, Cic. Usu. foll. by atque or ac 
(Cic.) 5, less freq. by quam (Liv.); ut 
(Plin. jun.: “cui nihil aeque ut brevitas 
placet,”” I, 20, imit.); rarely by cum 
(Ter. Phor. 5, 8,43: “novi aeque omnia 
9, aequaliter : to distri- 
bute corn ¢., frumentum ae. distribuere, 
Cic. 3. ex aequo (not in Cic.): @ 
sharing wm adversity, adversarum. rerum 
ex aequo gocii, Tac. G. 36, fin.: Lucr. 
4, pariter (alike, correspondingly) = 
we do not all e. (alike) stand in need of 
it (affection), ea non p. omnes egemus, 


equanimity: 1, aequus animus : 
to bear with €., aequo a ferre, Nep.: 
with greater ¢., nequiore a. Caes.: Cic.: 
‘Ter. 9, expr. by adv.: to bear with 
e., placate, leniter, molliter ferre: v. 
caLmiy. (Not aequanimitas, which in 
Ter. is good-will, prol. Phor. 35.) Phr.: 


DISCOMP( SE, 
264 








EQUIPAGE 


















equation: aequatio: v- EQUALI- 


ZATION. 


equator : aequinoctialis cireulus, 
Varr. L. L. 9 (8), 18, 25- (As strictly 
tech. t., aequator may be used: Vv. 


Forcell. s.v.) 


equatorial : aequinoctialis : v. pre- 
ced. art. and EQUINOCTIAL. (Sometimes 


*gequatorius may be necessary 10 
strictly tech. lang.) 

equerry : €quiso, Val. Max. 7, 3, 2) 
fin. (Just. calls the equerry in the 
same story, custos equi, I, 10): V- 
GROOM. : 

equestrian («4dj.): équester, or tris 
(less freq. Liv.), tris, tre: the é. order, 
aoa ordo, Cic.: e. sbatwes, €. statuae, 

ic. 

equestrian (subs.) : Eques, itis, ¢.: 
v. RIDER. r.; @ good e., peritus 
equitandi, equi regendi (v. TO RIDE) : 
the Numidians were good es, gentem 
Numidarum equis habilem esse, Liv. 
24, 48, med. 

equiangular : angulos aequales ha- 
bens, Cart. 

equidistant : aequidistans, ntis : 
parallel circles, which in Latin we may 
call e., circuli paralleli, quos aeq- Latine 
possumus memorare, Capell.: Front. 
Phr.; these places are €. from Rome, 
*haec loca pari intervallo ab Roma 
distant. 

equilateral : 1, aequis lateri- 
bus: to describe an €.on @ given line, 
data linea triangulum aequis l. consti- 
tuere, Quint. (R. and A.) 9. aequi- 
lAtéralis, e: Censor. 3, aequilaterus : 
Capell. 4, aequilatus, Eris, Aus. 
isopleuros (Gr. igémAeupos), AUS. 

equilibrium : J. Lit.: a state 
of equipoise : 1, expr. by momen- 
tum: to be at e., pari m. libratum esse, 
Col. 3, 12, med. : the stars maintain 
their e. by their very form and figure, 
astra forma ips’ figuraque momenta 
sustentant, Cic. N.D. 2, 46, 117- 2). 
expr. by libro, 1 - by what weights the 
earth is kept in e., quibus librata ponderi- 
bus terra sustineatur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 245 
69: cf. Luc. 5, 94: aére libratum va- 
cuo quae sustinet orbem: see also supr. 
(1). 3, aequilibrium (as scient. f. t.): 
ef. Sen. N. Q. 3, 25,5: ad aequilibrium 
aquae descendant (of bodies wh ich 
float). Phr.: to lose its e. (of the globe), 
praeponderare, Sen. N.Q. 3, 10, 3: 50 
perfect ts tts e. (of a colossus), e& ratio 
libramenti est, Plin. 34, 71 18. Il. 
Fig.: a state in which motives, etc., are 
balanced: use phr. under (1), with 
quasi, velut: to preserve the e. of the 
different orders, *quo magis omnes in 
civitate ordines quast paribus momentis 
librati contineantur: Vv. Swpr. 

equinoctial : aequinoctialis, ©: 
Varr.: Sen.: Plin. 

equinox: 1, aequinoctium : the 
vernal, autumnal e., ae. vernum, auc- 
tumnale, Plin.: Cic. : Caes. (who also has 
dies aequinoctii, B. G. 4, 36): the ver- 
nal e. is also called aeq. primum, Col. 
g, 14, init. 9, aequinoctiales horae (?) : 
Plin. 2, 97,99- Phr.: aé the spring é. 
(poet.), Libra die somnique pares ubi 
fecerit horas, Virg. G. 1, 208. 

equip: 1, armo, 1 (fo fit out with 
the apparatus of war): things needful 
for e.ing ships, ea quae usui sunt ad 
armandas naves, Caes Join: armare, 
instruere (multitudinem hominum), 
Gic. Caec. 12, 33: V- TO ARM. P 
ornio, i (to furnish, whether with arms 
or other implements): to e. @ person 
with arms, aliquem armis ©0., Virg.: to 
e. a fleet, classem 0., Cic.: Liv. 3. 
exorno, I (like orno: but more freq. 
—to adorn, q. V-): he e.s his neighbours 
with arms, vicinitatem armis exornat, 
Sall. Cat. 36: to e.@ fleet, classem €X., 
Just. 4, instruo, xi, ctam, 3 (to fur- 
nish out): Vv. Supr. (1). 5, accingo, 
xi, ctum, 3 (strictly, to gird: esp. poet., 
and in pass.): the youth e. themselves 
with torches, facibus pubes accingitur, 
Virg.; ¢.’d with swords, gladiis accincti, 
Liv.: v. TO GIRD ON. 

equipage : i. 9. carriage of state, 











ERADICATE 






with retinue, etc.: 1. @) vehiculum 
ac comites, cf. Cic. Mil. 20, 54. See also 
RETINUE. 2, as gen- term, apparatus, 
fis (applicable to any kind, of display) : 
cf. Cic. Fam. 7, ft med.: “ apparatus 
spectatio...- éexcenti muli in Clytem 
nestra, etc.” 

equipment: |, As act: expr. by 
verb: for the e. of @ fleet, ad classem 
ornandam, etc.: Vv. TO EQUIP. (N.B.— 
No authority for ornatio, instructio in 
this sense. I. Concrete, that with 
which a thing ts equipped : 1, arma, 
orum: Vv. ABMS, IMPLEMENTS. k 
armamenta, orum (esp. the furniture of 
ships): V- TACKLING. 3, instru- 
mentum (most gen. term: that which 
is required to fit out a person or thing 
for any purpose) : every kind of mili- 
tary €., omne militare i., Caes. B. G. 6, 
30: hunting e., 1. venatorium, Plin. Ep. 
3, 19, 3- armatara (only of 
troops): V. ARMOUR, (Armatus, US, 
only in abl. case: Liv.) ’ 

equipped, well (pat. adj.): Ot- 
natus: ships perfectly e. every way, 
naves omni genere armorum ornatissi- 


mentum, which was used of weights 
swung in any way: cf. Liv. 38, 53 97 
aequipondium, cf. Vitr. 10, 8, 3{8), 4.) 
Il. The state of being evenly ba- 
lanced : Vv. EQUILIBRIUM. 
equitable: aequus: Vv. gust, IM- 
PARTIAL. 
equitably : aequé, justé: v. JUSTLY, 
FAIRLY. 
equity; aequitas (for the legal sense, 
comp. Ulp. Dig. 11,7; 14 § 13), aequum 
(neut. of aequus), justitia : v- JUSTICE, 
IMPARTIALITY. ' 
equivalent: __ 1. tantusdem (pre- 
cisely €.): an @. weight (of silver), tan- 
tundem pondus, Dig. : (words) which 
are precisely €. ‘in meaning, quae idem 
significant ac tantundem valent, Quint. 
9, par, paris: @ Latin word e. to a 
Greek one, verbum Latinum par Graeco 
[et quod idem valeat], Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 
13: V. EQUAL. 3, aequipollens, ntis 
(rare; and only in phil. sense): am ¢. 
proposition, aeq. propositio, Apul. : 
very often expr. by valeo, 2 (esp. of 
money value, with acc.): one gold coin 
to be e. to ten of silver, dum pro ar- 
genteis decem aureus unus valeret, Liv. 
38, 11, ad fim.: this [word] is e. to that, 
hoc idem valet quod..., Quint. 10, 1, 
13: Cic. (v. supr. 2). Phr.: I take 
our word voluptas to be exactly e. to 
the Greek ndovn, idem esse dico volup- 
tatem quod Graece 75ovjv, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 
13: to be more exactly é., magis idem 
declarare, Cic. 1. c.: he does what ts €. 10 
_ . .,idem facit (quod), cf. Hor. A. P. 461. 
equivalent (swbs.): tantundem pond- 
us (a precise &. in weight), Pomp. Dig. 
19, 5, fim.: more usu. expr. by valeo: 
to give an e., quod idem valeat, dare: 
y, preced. art. (4). 
equivocal : i. e. of dubious inter- 
pretation : ambiguus: V. AMBIGUOUS. 
Phr.: to give an e. answer, nihil certi 
respondere (R. and A.). 
equivocally ; ambigueé: v. AMBI- 
GUOUSLY. 
equivocate: tergiversor, 1 (to shuffle, 
evade the question): why do we &., Epi- 
curus, and not confess ..- >» quid tergi- 
versamur, Epicure, nec fatemur, etc., 
Cic. Tuse. 3, 18, 14: to be silent, to dis- 
semble, to e., tacere, dissimulare, t, Cic. 
equivocation : 1. tergiversitio, 
Auct. B. Afr. 8, fin. (cf. Cic. Mil. 20, 
fin.) :_or expr. by verb, Vv. preced. art. 
9, ambages, um, Sic (enigmatical 
speaking) : Cic. 
era: aera, ae, f., Isid. (Usu. better 
expr. by tempus; oF by a phr.: from 
the e. of the building of Rome, a tempore 
urbis conditae, ab urbe condita : Vo TIME, 
DATE.) 
eradicate: Vig., to root out, extir- 
pate: 1, évello, i, vulsum, 3: to & 
From the mind so strong and deeply- 





ERADICATION 


seated a belief, e. ex animo tantam opi- | 


nionem, tam penitus insitam, Cic. Clu. 1, 
4: utterly to e. vices, mala radicitus e., 
Lucr. 3, 311. 2, exstirpo, 1: Join: 
exstirpare et funditus tollere (vitia), 
Cic. Fat. 5, 11. S dollors v0 TO 
ABOLISH, and supr. 4, Grado, si, sum, 
3 (lit. to scrape out): to e. the very 
principles of vicious desire, elementa 
pravae cupidinis e., Hor.: Sen. 5. 
révello, 3 (rare in this sense): to e. old 
prejudices (lit. to pluck out old grand- 
mothers), veteres avias de pulmone re- 
vellere, Pers. 5, 92. (Not eradico in 
this sense: v. Lat. Dict. s. v.) 

eradication: expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art. 

erase: 1, Grado, si, sum, 3 (to 
seratch out): to e. any one’s name from 
the senatorian roll, aliquem senatorio 
alboe., Tac. Ann. 4, 42, fin. 2, déleo, 2: 
vV.TOBLOTOUT. 8, indico, xi, ctum, 3 
(do obliterate by drawing the flat end of 
the stylus across): V. TO CANCEL. 4, 
oblino, lévi, litum, 3 (rare in this sense) : 
Gell. (xtinguere quae scripserat, in 
Verr. 2, 70, 172, is not to erase [R. and 
A.], but to destroy documents altogether.) 
See also foll. art. 

erasure: litira: the e. of a single 
name, unius nominis L, Cic. Phr.: to 
make e.s (here and there) in a will, and 
alter it, testamentum interlinere, Cic. 
Clu. 44,125: there were many e.s, *multa 
erant interlita. 

ere: prius quam: v. BEFORE. 

erect (adj.): 1, érectus: an e. 
gait, e. incessus, Tac. Join: (homines) 
humo excitati, celsi et erecti, Cic. N. D. 
2, 56, 140. 2. rectus: while old-age 
is but begun and still e., dum prima et 
r. senectus, Juv. 3, 26: Vv. UPRIGHT. 

hr.: tocause to stand e., érigo, rexi, 
ctum, 3: (nature) formed man only e., 
solum hominem erexit, Cic. (v. TO 
RAISE): my hair stood e., comae stete- 
runt, Virg.: hair e. and bristling, hor- 
rida caesaries, Ov. 

erect (v.): |. To raise aloft: 
érigo, tollo: v. TO RAISE. I]. Zo 
build : 1. excito, 1 (fo a height): to 
€. @ tomb of stone, sepulcrum e lapide 
ex., Cic. Leg. 2, 29, 68: to e. towers, 
turres ex, Caes. 9, exstruo, xi, 
ctum, 3 (lo raise a pile): to e.a tomb, 
sepulcrum ex., Cic. 1. ¢.: v. TO BUILD 
up. 38, statno,i, itum, 3 (¢o set up): 
to e. an imperishable memorial of en- 
mity, aeternum inimicitiarum monu- 
mentum s., Cic. Inv. 2, 23,70: V. TO SET 
up. 4, constituo, ui, itum, 3 (¢o place: 
hence generally with a reference to the 
site of the erection): e. thow four altars 
by the temples, quatuor aras ad delubra 
constitue, Virg. G. 4, 541: he eda 
temple at the Joot of the Palatium, tem- 
plum in radicibus Palatii consticuit, 
Just.; also absol., esp. poet.: she es @ 
cenotaph, inane sepulcrum constituit, 
Ov. Met. 5, 569. 5, pono, posui, 
itum, 3 (esp. of monuments, statues): to 
e. a trophy, tropaeum p., Nep. Dat. 8, 
med.: to e€. a stutue to any one, alicui 
statuam p., Cic.: also of buildings (poet.): 
to e. temples, templa p., Virg. Aen. 6, 19. 

6. édiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to rear to a 

great height): Virg.: v- TO REAR. 7) 
exigo, Ggi, actum, 3 (fo complete): I 
have e2d a monument more enduring 
than brass, exegi monumentum aere 
perennius, Hor. 

erection:  {. The act of setting 
up, building: exstructio, aedificatio : 
v. BUILDING. (More freq. expr. by 
verb: by the e. of the trophy, the Cor- 
cyreans claimed the victory, *tropaeo 
posito [statuto] Corcyraei sibi victo- 
riam vindicabant: v. TO ERECT.) I. 
The structure: aedificium, moles (of 
what is vast, bulky, only): V. BUILDING. 

erectly : expr. by adj.: to walk e., 
“erectum (erecto corpore) incedere, in- 
gredi: v. L. G. § 343. f 

erectness: erectus status, incessus : 
‘Vv. ERECT. 

ere-long: mox, cito: v. SOON. 

ere-while: quondam:; Virg.: v. 
YORBMEBLY, SOME-TIME, 


ERROR 





eremite : ér@émita: v. HERMIT. 
ermine: *herminia (charter of 1241, 
acc. to Q.); *mustela erminea, Linn. : 
perh. mus Ponticus, Plin. 8, 37. 55. 
erotic: 1, Amatdrius: v. amaTory. 
2, rdticus (Gr. épwrexos): Gell. 


err: J. Lit., to leave the right 
path: erro, aberro, 1: v. TO WANDER, 
GO ASTRAY ||. To make a mistake : 


1, erro, 1: fo e. greatly, longe e., 
Ter.; procul e., Sall.; velementer e., 
Cic.: magnopere [a vero] longeque e., 
Lucr. 2. peceo, t (more freq. of 
moral error): esp. with neut. adj., 
Empedocles es in many other points, 
Empedocles multa alia p., Cic. N. 1). 1, 12, 
init. : to e. in a similar way, eadem fere 
p., Cic. 1. ¢. fin. 3. labor, psus, 3 (to 
slip off the right track: usu. with some 
defining words): to e. very seriously, 
magnopere a vera ratione |., Lucr. 1, 
638: toe., to be ignorant, to be deceived, 
1. [errare], nescire, decipi, Cic. Off. 1, 6, 
18: toe. through ignorance, per impru- 
dentiam 1, Caes. Phr.: if J e. not, ni 
fallor, Cic.: v. MISTAKEN, TO BE. Il. 
In moral sense: 1, pecco, 1: often 
impers., we ought to be on our guard 
against e.ing in that way, cavendum 
est ne quid in eo genere peccetur, Cic. 
Off. 1, 8, 26: Vv. TO SIN. 2, délinquo, 
liqui, ctum, 3 (to do aught amiss) : Cic. : 
Liv.: v. TO OFFEND. 

errand; mandatum, mandata (pl.): 
v. COMMISSION (III.), Phr,: birds that 
do the es of Jove, aves internuntiae 
Jovis, Cic. 

errand-boy: nuntius, tabellarius 
(letter-carrier) : V. MESSENGER. 

errant: errabundus, errans, vagus: 
Vv. WANDERING. 

erratic: |. Lit., given to wander: 
erraticus, Cic.: Ov. Il. Fig. irregu- 
lar, vagarious (of persons): vagus atque 
inconstans; parum stabilis, immodicus: 
V. INCONSTANT. 

erring (adj.): i. e. sinful: peccator, 
peccatrix (L. G. § 598): v. SINNER. 

erroneous: falsus: v. FALSE. Phr.: 
all these opinions are about equally e. 
with..., quae sunt iisdem in erratis 
fere, quibus..., Cic. N. D. 1, 12, jfin.: 
the opinion of his pupil is no less e., 
cujus discipull non minus magno in 
errore sententia est, Cic. l. c. § 37: to be 
led into e. belvefs, in errorem rapi, Cic. : 
v. ERROR. (N.B.—An e. opinion is falsa 
opinio (Cic.], not opinionis error (R. 
and A.]: ef. Cic. Off. 1, 8, 26.) 

erroneously; falso, perpéram, mile : 
Vv. WRONGLY. 

erroneousness: expr. by adj.: to 
prove the e. of an opinion, opinionem 
falsam esse monstrare, evincere: Vv. ER- 
RONEOUS, FALSE. Sometimes error, er- 
rores (cf. L. G. § §91) may do: to show 
the e. of the system of Ptolemy, *Ptole- 
maei errores arguere: V. ERROR. 

error: |, A mistake : 1, error 
(either @ course of error, or any parti- 
cular erroneous opinion): to lead the 
inexperienced into e., imperitos inducere 
in errorem, Cic.: to refule or remove an 
e., e. tollere, Cic. Rep. 1, 24: I shall be 
thankful to be delivered by you from an 
e., me libente mihi eripies hunc e., Cic. 
Att. 10,4, 1, fin.  Q, erratum (@ par- 
ticular instance of error): an e. of the 
artisan (putting a false inscription to 
a statue), e. fabrile, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 14: 
to labour under the same e.s, iisdem in 
e. esse, Cic. N. D. 1, 12, Jin. 3. pec- 
catum (a breach of some direct law): v. 
BLUNDER, and infr. ILI. 4. very 
often expr. by erro, peeco, I, esp. with 
neut. adj.: to be guilty of very many 
e.s, permulta errare, Magnopere errare, 
etc.: Vv. TO ERR. I. Of the press, 
etc.: *erratum typographicum, operarum 
(cf. supr. 1); *error operarum, Blomf. ; 
mendum typographicum, Wyttenb. (in 
Kr.). Phr.: to correct e.s of the press, 
librum ab operarum erroribus purgare, 
Wyttenb. (in Kr.): the book is full 
of typographical e.s, *plurima insunt 
libro vitia typographica; plurima typo- 
graphorum incurii neglecta sunt: a 
clerical e., *scripturae mendum; men- 


ESCAPE 





dum scribendi incuria admissum. _{f, 
Moral : 1, peccdtum: v. sry, OF- 
FENCE, FAULT. 2. erratum: J will 
not say for no fault, but not even for 
an e.,ob nullum non dicam vitium, sed 
e., Cic. Clu. 48, 133. (in this sense 
error is rare, and poet.: vy. L. Dict. 
8. V.). 3. expr. by pecco, with neut. 
pron.: v. supr. (1., 4.). 
erst: quondam, Olim: v. FORMERLY. 
erubescence: ribor: v. BLUSH 
(subs.). 
eruct, eructation: v. BELCH, etc. 
erudite: doctus, Griiditus: vy. 
LEARNED, 
eruditely; docté: v. LEARNEDLY. 
erudition : doctrina (with some qua. 
lifying word): he was considered to be 
a man of very extensive ¢., multiplici 
variaque doctrina censebatur, Suet. Gr. 
10. 
eruption: |. Gfavolcano: , 
éruptio (ignium): an e. of Mt. Etna, 
e, Aetnaeorum ignium, Cic. N. D. 2, 38 
init. 2. conflagratio [e. g. Vesevi 
montis], Suet. Tit. 8, med. 3. in- 
cendium a Vesevi]: Gierig. pref. 
Plin. Ep. 6,16. Phr.: before the e. of 
Mt. Vesuvius altered the face of the 
neighbourhood, antequam Vesuvius mons 
ardescens faciem loci verteret, Tac. A. 
4, 67: during an e. of Mt. Vesuvius, 
flagrante Vesevo, Suet.: Plin.; erum- 
pentibus ignibus ex vertice Vesevi, cf. 
Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 106. ||, Of the skin: 
éruptio: in this sense usu. pl.: es on 
the bodies of children, eruptiones in cor- 
pore infantium, Plin. 2. pustiila, 
pustila: v. PIMPLE. 3. scibies, éi 
(any rough cutaneous disease) : V. MANGE, 
IrcH. Phr.: to cure es on the head, 
erumpentia in capite curare, Plin. N. H 
20, 9, 40. 
eruptive: (morbus) qui eruptiones 
§. pustulas in corpore efficit: v. preced. 
art. (IL). 
erysipelas: _ 1. érysipélas, atis, 
n.: Cels. 9, sacer ignis: Cels. 
escalade: expr. by scalae, arum, 
and a verb: to make preparations for 
an e., scalas admovere, Caes.: to ad- 
vance to the e., murum scalis aggredi, 
Sall.; positis scalis muros ascendere, 
Caes.: to take by e., [oppidum] scalis 
capere, Liv.: v. SCALING-LADDEB. 
escapade: *(aliquid) temere ac li- 
center factum (?). 
escape (v.): A, Trans.: |, To 
avoud, get out of the reach of : 1, ef- 
fiigio, fagi, 3: to e. death, mortem e., 
Caes.: these (evils) are e.d by death, haec 
morte effugiuntur, Cic. 2, subter- 
fiigio, 3 (wnobserved, in a quiet way): 
to e. punishment or calamity, poenam 
aut calamitatem s., Cic. Caec. 34, 100: 
to e. a danger, periculnm s., Cic. Fam. 
15, I, 2: (those colonies) had ed the 
tempest of the Punic war, tempestatem 
Punici belli subterfugissent, Liv. 31, to. 
3, élabor, psus, 3 (to slip off or 
out: usu. foll. by ex and abl.; in Tac. 
by acc.): to e. so many serious accusa- 
tions, ex tot tantisque criminibus e., 
Cic. : to e. the fury of the Jlames, vim 
ignium e., Tac. A. 4, 64. 4, évado, 
si, sum, 3 (to get off from: foll. both 
by ex with abl., and poet. by acc.): to 
e. the enemy’s hands, ev. e manibus 
hostium, Liv. 21, 49, med.: Cic.: t ¢. 
any one’s hands, alicujus manus e., Virg. 
5, fiigio, 3 (rare in this sense): fo 
e. conviction, judicium f., Hor. S. 1, 4 
1oo. Phr.: to e. shipwreck by swim- 
ming, enatare, Hor.: to e. the tomb 
(poet.), vitare Libitinam, Hor. Od. 3, 30, 
4: toe. destruction by fire, [cunctis cir- 
cum flagrantibus] inviolatum manere, 
Tac. A. 4, 64. ||. To elude observa- 
tion or thought: 1, fiigit, figiunt, 3 
(with acc.): whom nothing ed, quem 
res nulla fugeret, Cic. Rep. 2, 1: unless 
perchance some things e. me, nisi quae 
me f., Cic. Oft. with inf. clause as sub- 
ject: about Dionysius, the thought of 
writing to you e.d me, de Dionysio fugit 
me ad te scribere, Cic. Att. 7, 18, 3 
9. praetérit, praetéreunt, 4 irr. 
(witb acc.) : usu. with clause as subject; 
265 


ESCAPE 








it does not e. your notice how difficult it 
ig, non te pr. quam sit difficile, Cic.: 
also with neut. adj. as subj.: can any- 
thing e. Parmeno, an quicquam Parme- 
nonem praetereat? Ter. 3, fallit, 


| 


féfellit, 3 (implying some antecedent | 


probability that the thing should have 
passed unnoticed : with acc.: only with 
a clause for subject): mor did it e. 
Caesar that..., neque Caesarem fefel- 
lit, quin..., Caes.: also with acc. and 
inf.: Cic. 4, lateo, 2 (usu. with 
nom. case for subject): nor did Juno's 
wiles €. the eye of her brother, nec latuere 
doli fratrem Junonis, Virg.: Ov. (Me 
latet, non me latet, inupers., are without 
authority from the best ages of Latinity : 
Nizol. s. v.) B, Intrans.: I. 
To get away : 1. effiigio, 3 (both foll. 
by prep. and abl.; and absol.): 70 e. 
from battle, e. praelio ef., Cic.: he pre- 
vents the fishes from e.ing, pisces ne 
effugiant, cavet, Pl.: Cic. 9, elabor, 
3 (for syn. v. supr. A., I.): souls that 
have e.d from their bodily tenements, 
animi e corporibus elapsi, Cic.: having 
ed the weapons of the Achaeans, telis 
elapsus Achivum, Virg. 3, @vado, 3: 
v. supr. (A., L, 4). IJ. As fluids : 
to obtain exit: 1. émano, 1: Lucr. 
(of the vital breath), 3, 582. Join: 
exprimi et emanare, Gell. 19, 5, med. 
9. Eluctor, 1 (to squeeze itself out, 

escape with difficulty): all the water 
will e., omnis eluctabitur aqua, Virg. G. 
2, 244. 

escape (subs.): 1, effagium: to 
cut off any one’s €., e. praecludere eunti, 
Lucr.: there was no e. in the event of 
defeat either by sea or land, neque terra 
neque mari e. dabatur victis, Auct. B. 
Alex.: to prevent e., f. intercludere, Cic. 
(v. TO INTERCEPT): €. from death, e. 
mortis, Cic. Also oft., a way of e., esp. 
in pl.: he shut wp every way of e. from 
the house, effugia villae clausit, Tac. A. 
16, 15. 9. figa (esp. poet.): neither 
For the great nor the little is there any 
e. from death, neque ulla est aut magno 
aut parvo leti f., Hor.: if there were no 
other honourable way of e. (from the 
disgrace), si alia hunoris f. non esset, 
Liv. 3, 67, ad init. 3, aberratio (v. 
rare): Ihave no other e. from my vex- 
ations, aliam ab. a molestiis nullam ha- 
bemus, Cic. Fam. 15,18. Phr.: tocut off 
the e. of the enemy, hostes fugientes ex- 
cipere (i. e. to occupy such a position as 
to stop them in flight): cf. Caes. B. G. 
6, 35: “multos ex fuga dispersos ex- 
cipiunt”: whither to flee for e. (from 
death), qua fugeret ad salutem, Nep. 
Dion, 9, med. : v. PRESERVATION, SAFETY. 

escarpment: *praeruptus locus; 
munimenti pars exterior (?). 

escheat (v.): i.e. to revert to the 
state or to a feudal proprietor: iF 
expr. by ciidticus: when a person’s estate 
e.d to the crown, cum bona alicujus ut 
caduca a fisco vindicarentur, Marc. Dig. 
28, 4, 3: the wife's portion does not e. to 
the state, dos data non fit caduca, Papin. 
Dig. 23, 2, 28. 2. expr. by fiscus 
(the imperial treasury: v. supr. 1), 
with a verb: ad fiscum cogi, deferri, 
devolvi, Paul. Dig. 49, 14, 45. 3. 
révertor, sus, 3: i all these cases the 
fief es to the lord of the manor, his 
omnibus casibus feudum ad dominum 
revertitur, Lib. Feud. 1, 5, med.: vight- 
Sully to e., jure ad dominum r., ib. jin. 
Join: feudum amittitur et ad do- 
minum revertitur, ib. tit. 7, fin. 

escheat (subs.): hereditas caidica 
(the adj. caducus was applied to all 
property which, like that of intestate 
persons, went to the state): Dig. (v. 
preced. art. 1). Phr.: to suffer e., 
caducum fieri, a fisco vindicari, etc. ; 
reverti: v. preced. art. 

eschew: Vito, fiigio: v. To AvorD. 

escort (swbs.): 1, praesidinm (for 

otection): v.GUARD. Q, comitatus, 
us (any attendant train): Vv. RETINUE. 
See also CONVOY. 

escort (-): 1, dédiico, xi, ctum, 
3 (to attend by way of doing honour): 
when a great number of highly respect- 

206 








ESSENCE 


able citizens e.’d me from my home, quum 
magna multitudo optimorum civium me 


| domo deduceret, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, med. : 


Liv. 2. cdmitor, 1: v. TO ACCOM- 
PANY. More fully, praesidii causa comi- 
tari: v.GUARD. 3, proséquor, cutus, 
3 (to attend to a distance): to e a 
person into the country, rus aliquem pr., 
PL: to e. a person (some distance) on 
his way, aliquem proficiscentem p., Cic. 
Att. 6, 3,3: V. TO ATTEND. Phr.: two 
legions e.d the baggage, duae legiones 
impedimentis [in itinere ] praesidio erant, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 19. 

esculent: esctilentus: v. EATABLE. 

escutcheon: insignia, scutum (v. 
Du C. s. vv.) : V. ARMORIAL BEARINGS. 

esoteric: acrdéamaticus (Gr. axpoa- 


patixos): that some of the works (of 


Aristotle) were called exoteric, others €., 
ut alii libri exoterici, alii acroamatici 
dicerentur, Gell. 20, 5, med.: or perh. 
*és0téricus (quem dicunt): but the word 
is without class. authority. 

espalier: *arbor palis alligata ra- 
diisque solis expansa. 

especial: praecipuus: an e. affec- 
tion, p. amor, Cic.: Vv. PRINCIPAL, PAR- 
TICULAR. Phr.: im an e. manner, 
prae ceteris, praesertim, etc. (v. ESPK- 
CIALLY): his e. [or first] care has 
always been the navy, navalis apparatus 
ei semper antiquissima cura fuit, Cic. 
Att. 10, 8, ad med. : Vv. CHIEF. 

especially : 1, praecipué (with 
single words): v. PRINCIPALLY, PARTI- 
CULARLY. 2. praesertim (with quasi- 
parenthetical clauses): tf is not so much 
the reputation for wisdom, e. when tt is 
without joundation, non tam ista sapi- 
entiae fama, pr. falsa, Cic. Am. 4, 15: @. 
in the present state of morality, pr. ut 
nune sunt mores, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 5: ef. 
Caes. B. G. 2, 30: “ praesertim homines 
tantulae staturae.” 3 imprimis: usu. 
with an adj. (Vv, PARTICULARLY): also 
withaclause: many circumstances urged 
him..., e. that..., multae res eum hor- 
tabantur; imp. quod..., Caes. B. G. 1, 
33. (Imprimis may be foll. by tum, 
deinde, autem: praesertim denotes posi- 
tive precedence.) 4, maximeé (most 
of all: hence often used with et, que, 
tum): write me a line, and e., if Pom- 
pey is leaving Italy, what..., scribe 
aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia 
cedit, quid..., Cic. Att. 7, 12, med.: 
esp. in phr. quum (tum) ... tum maxi- 
me,—not only ... but moree.: cf. Cic. de 
Or. 2, 23,96: “ tum exercitationibus ... 
tum scribendo maxime.” 5, adeo 
(enclit.: see L. G. § 614, 3): Virg. 6. 
prae ceteris, prae aliis: he was e. dis- 
tinguished as an aged man, in senectute 
prae ceteris floruisset, Cic. Am. 1, 4. 

espionage: expr. by delatores (in- 


Sormers): thus a system of e. was called 


into existence, sic delatores eliciebantur, 
Tac. A. 4, 30: he would not countenance 
e., *nihil [publicae rei] per delatores 
egit: the odious system of e., delatores 
genus hominum publico exitio repert- 
um, Tac. 1. ¢. 

esplanade: (?) ambiilacrum, spa- 
tium: v. PROMENADE. 

espousals: sponsalia, ium: v. BE- 
TROTHAL. 
_ espouse: spondeo: diico, nibo, mihi 
jungo: v. TO BETROTH, MARRY. (For 
fig. sense, v. TO EMBRACE, IV.) 

espy : conspicor, t: Vv. TO DESCRY, SEE. 

esquire: ‘*armiger, éri (usu. in 
inscr.: M.L.): sciitiger ov scitifer, éri: 
v. DuC. s. vv. 

essay (v.): 
ATLEMPT. 

essay (subs.): |. An attempt: 
expérimentum, tentamentum ; tiroci- 
nium (first €.): V. TRIAL, ATTEMPT. 
Phr.: his first e. in the art of war, 
prima rudimenta castrorum, Tac. Agr. 
5: Liv. I. A treatise: libellus, trac- 
tatus: V. TREATISE. 

essayist: scriptor. 

essence: |, Phil. ¢. ¢.: formal 
existence, substance : 1, essentia (Gr. 
ovata: of doubtful authority in the time 
of Quint., but necessary as ¢. t.): Mac: 


conor, tento, I: v. TO 





ESTATE 


nnn SE EE EEE ESSE 


Apul.: M.L. 2. substantia: v. suB- 
STANCE. ||. In gen. sense, inherent 
or essential quality : 1, vis, vim, vi, 
J.: the very e. of friendship, omnis v. 
amicitiae, Cic. Am. 4, 15. Join: vis 
et natura, Cic. Or. 31, 112. 2. na- 
tira (natural constitution or quality) : 
v. NATURE. Phr.: the very e. of free- 
dom and virtue, libertas mera, veraque 
virtus, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 8: (@ woman) 
the very e. of good taste, tota merum 
sal, Lucr. 4, 1158: that is the e. of 
friendship, ea demum vera est amicitiz, 
Sall.: the very e. of virtue is honour, in 
una honestate omne bonum consistit, 
Cic. Tusce. §, 14, 42 (Vv. TO CONSIST) 
Ill. ssential oil, perfume: *es- 
sentia (as t. ¢.); liquor tenuissimus 
(? subtilissimus); flos succi: (Kr.). See 
also PERFUME. 
essential: __[, In phil. sense; re- 
lating to being: *essentialis, e: Forcell. 
in Gloss. _ |], Belonging to the real 
nature of @ thing; indispensable : 
Phr.: confidence is e. to friendship. 
*sine fide amicitia consistere non po- 
test; *minime in amicitia fide super- 
sedendum est (Vv. TO DISPENSE WITH) 
the e. point in @ controversy, cardo liti>. 
Quint. 12, 8, 2: see also MAIN (adj.) . 
NECESSARY, INDISPENSABLE. Wh. dn 
chemistry : *essentialis (as ¢. ¢.). 
essentially: perh. re ipsa or re- 
apse: ¥. REALLY. Phr.: knowledge 
differs e. from opinion, *ipsa natura ac 
vi distat ab opinione scientia: v. Es- 
SEXCE (IL). 
establish : |. To make firm, 
settle firmly : 1, stabilic, 4: to ¢ 
marriages on @ firm footing, matri- 
monia firmiter s., Cic.: to e. peace 
pacem s., Sall. 2, confirmo, 1: to e. 
peace and friendship with neighbouring 
states, pacem et amicitiam cum prox- 
imis civitatibns c., Caes.: to e. one’s 
health, valetudinem c., Cic.: v. TO 
STRENGTHEN. I]. To set on foot, in- 
stitute: 1, institno, i, tum, 3: to 
e. a trade, mercatum i., Cic.: v. TO 
INSTITUTE. 2. constituo, 3 (to ap- 
point and settle): decemviral power 
being ed in all the cities, decemvirali 
potestate in omnibus urbibus constituta, 
Nep. Lys. 2: v. TO SET UP, APPOINT. 
3. statuo, 3 (like preced.): (uma) 
e.’d all the departments of religion most 
properly, omnes partes religionis sanc- 
tissime statnit, Cic. Rep. 2, 14: v. To 
FIX, SETTLE. Ill. Yo proce by argu- 
ment or evidence: vineo, vici, victum, 
3: if I show that (it was not done) by 
Habitus, I e. the fact it was done by 
Oppianicus, si doceo non ab Habito, 
vinco ab Oppianico, Cic. Clu. 23, 64: v. 
TO PROVE. IV. As milit. ¢. ¢., to gain 
possession of a post: capio, pdtior: v- 
TO TAKE} GAIN POSSESSION OF. 
established (part. adj.): Phr.: the 
e. church, ,*religiones lege constitutae 
(statutae) ; ea ecclesiae ratio quae pub- 
lice constituta est; ecclesia publica: an 
e. custom, norma, praescriptum (Vv. RULE, 
PRECEDENT, CUSTOM): tt is an e. fact, 
constat (inter omnes), Cic. (v. AGREED, 
TO BE). 
establishment: |. Asact: 1. 
confirmatio (the act of making jirm or 
securing): the e. of perpetual freedom, 
c. perpetuae libertatis, Cic. Fam. 12, 8. 
2. constitutio (appointment, ar- 
rangement) : the e. of religious matters, 
c. religionum, Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23. 
expr. by verb: for thee. of liberty, *con- 
firmandae, constituendae _ libertatis 
catisa: Vv. TO ESTABLISH. I. Phat 
uhich is established : as, (i.) religious : 
*religiones legibus constitutae: v. ES- 
TABLISHED: (ii.) domestic: familia 
(body of slaves or servants): to keep up 
a moderate e., mediocri f. uli, Nep. Att 
13, med. Phr.: stillhe kept up a first- 
rate e., neque tamen non in primis bene 
habitavit, omnibusque optimis rebus 
usus est, Nep. l. c.: the frugality of his 
domestic e., iustrumenti ejus et supel- 
lectilis parsimonia, Suet. Aug. 73: see 
also HOUSEHOLD. 


estate: |. State: status, ds: vw 


ESTEEM 


STATE, CONDITION. Phr.: to attain to 
man’s ¢., adolescere, v. TO GROW UP. 
. Landed property: 1. prae- 
dium (strictly applicable only to es in 
Italy or provinces enjoying the jus 
Italicum ; other landed properties being 
called possessiones, Habicht § 473; also 
in gen. sense): an e. in the country, 
rusticum pr., Nep. Att. 14: though he 
(Cimon) had es and pleasure-grounds 
in various places, quum compluribus 
locis praedia hortosque haberet, Nep. : 
Cic. 2. fundus (any landed property, 
small or large) : to visit one’s e., f. suum 
obire, Cic.: neither house nor e., non 
domus non f., Hor. 3. ager, gri: v. 
FARM, LAND. 4, possessio (a holding 
of any kind; whether of freehold pro- 
perty or otherwise): he promises the sol- 
diers land from his oun e.s, militibus 
agros ex suis p. pollicetur, Caes. B. C. 
I, 13: €s in Epirus and the capital, 
Epiroticae et urbanae p., Nep. Att. 14. 
Phr.: an e. at Tusculum, Tusculanum 
(sc. praedium), Cic.: to stay at your e. 
tn Epirus, ut apud te in Epiro sim, Cie. 
Att. 3, 7, init. II]. An order or class : 
Phr.: the three es of the realm, *civita- 
tis (reipublicae) ordines terni: v. ORDER. 
esteem: |. 70 consider, judge of : 
aestimo, piito, etc.: v. TO THINK, CON- 
SIDER (LV.). I]. 70 entertain esteem 
for: 1, dilfgo, lexi, ctum, 3 (to love 
on grounds of respect and appreciation) : 
to respect and e. any one, aliquem ob- 
servare et d., Cic.: v. TO LOVE. a 
observo, 1 (to treat with respect): v. TO 
RESPECT. 3. magni, pluris, maximi 
vr plurimi, facio, féci, factum, 3 (to e. 
highly, more highly, very highly in- 
deed): Ihave learnt to e. you more and 
more highly every day, te quotidie pluris 
feci, Cic. Fam. 3, 4, med.: so with 
quanti, tanti: how highly I e. Pompey, 
quanti facio Pompeium, Cic. Simly 
with aestimo: v. TO VALUE. 
esteem (subs.): existimatio (usu. 
objectively, the consideration in which 
2% person ts held): v. REPUTATION, CHA- 
RACTER (III.). Very often expr. by 
aestimo, facio: worthy of the highest e., 
*maximi, plurimi aestimandus; quem 
plurimi facere oporteat: you have my 
highest e., *te plurimi facio ut debeo: v. 
preced. art. fin. (Dignatio appears to 
be used in similar sense in late authors: 
ef, Suet. Vesp. 4: “‘ Africam integerrime, 
nec sine magna dignatione [not without 
gaining great credit and e. thereby] 
administravit.’’) 
estimable; laudatus, Cic.: v. PRAISE- 
wortHYy. (But usu. bonus, optimus 
will be precise enough: v. EXCELLEN’.) 
Phr.: he is a truly e. man, *dignus est 
quem diligas et carum habeas; *ejus- 
modi vir est quem vel plurimi aesti- 
mare deceat: v. TO ESTEEM. 
estimate (subs.): |, Of money 
or dimension: aestimatio (valuation, 
assessment): the entire power of making 
an e. of @ person’s property, potestas 
omnis ae. habendae summaeque faci- 
eudae, Cic. Verr. 2, 53, 131: to deliver 
an e. (of expense contemplated), ae. tra- 
dere, Vitr. 10, pref.: if the e. is exceeded 
by not more than 25 per cent., si non 
amplius quam quarta ad ae. est adjici- 
enda, Vitr. l.c. Phr.: when the outlay 
corresponds to the e., quum ad dictum 
impensa respondet, Vitr. 1. c.: to be 
careful in drawing out e.s, diligenter 
modum expensarum explicare; caute 
summaque diligentia [antequam insti- 
tuantur] operum rationes expedire, 
Vitr. 1. c. See also TO ESTIMATE. Il. 
In wider sense, judgment, appreciation : 
1, jadicium (any judgment or deli- 
berately formed opinion): to form an e. 
of people's worth, j. facere quanti quis- 
que faciendus esset, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 
init.: to disappoint any one’s e. of you 
(by misconduct), alicujus j. fallere, Auct. 
B. Alex. 15. 2, aestimatio: to form 
a lower e. of oneself than is formed by 
others, infra aliorum aestimationes se 
metiri, Vell. 2, 129, fin. Phr.: to form 
an ¢. of any one, judicare de aliquo, 
Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 10. 


ETIQUETTE 


estimate (v.): 1, aestimo, 1: to 
e. the damages or penalty, litem ae., 
Cie.: Liv.: Nep.: one half the size of 
Britain, as is ed. dimidio minor ut 
aestimatur quam Britannia, Caes, B. G. 
Tri es 2. censeo, 2: Vv. TO ASSESS. 
See also TO CALCULATE, COMPUTE, 

estimation: existimatio, bpinio: v. 
REPUTATION, OPINION. 

estop: exclido, si, sum, 3 (to debar 
from legal proceeding): Cic. de Or. 1, 
37, 168. 

estrange: aliéno, abaliéno, avico, 
I: V. TO ALIENATE. 

estrangement: 1, aliénatio: v. 
ALIENATION. 2. discidium: e.s of 
JSriends, discidia amicorum, Cic. (N.B. 
Dissidia, disagreements, are the cause of 
discidia, ruptures). 8, animus 4lién- 
atus [et offensus], Cic. Att. 1, 17, 2. 
Phr.: to cause such an e., tantam vo- 
Iuntatis commutationem afferre, Cic. 1. 
c.§1. See also OFFENCE. 

estuary : aestuarium, Caes.: Tac. 

etch: perb. corrédo (acido adhibito) : 
v. TO EAT AWAY. 

eternal : 1, aeternus (strictly, 
without beginning or end of time): no- 
thing that hath had an origin can be e., 
fnihil) quod ortum sit ae. esse potest, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 20: blessed and e. (of 
God), beatus et ae., Cic. Also in laxer 
sense, without end (rhetorically): to set 
before any one e. suffering, ae. aerum- 
nam alicui proponere, Cic. in Sen. 14, 
34: the e. city, ae. urbs, Tib. Pd, 
sempiternus (lasting for ever, never 
coming to an end): to deny that any 
thing is e., negare qui@quam esse ae., 
Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29: v. EVERLASTING. 

3, perpétuus: v. PERPETUAL. 

eternally: in aeternum, perpétuo, 
semper: Vv. EVER (FOR). 

eternity: 1. aeternitas: an e. 
{a parte ante} which no period of time 
measured, ae. quam nulia temporum 
cireumscriptio metiebatur, Cic. N. D. 1, 
9, 21: through all e. (of God), in omni 
ae., Cic. In laxer sense of that which 
is to last for ever: e. and immortality, 
ae. et immortalitas, Cie. in Pis. 3, 7. 

2, expr. by aeternus, sempiternus 

(of that which does not come to an end): 
to enjoy an e. of existence, s. aevo frui, 
Cic.: Vv. ETERNAL, IMMORTAL. Phr.: 
for all e.,in aeternum, Liv.; in omne 
aevum, Hor.: v. EVER (FOR). 

eternize; aeterno, 1: Hor. Od. 4, 14, 
5. (Or by circuml. aeternitatem [gloriae, 
famae]dare; alicujus rei famam aeternam 
or sempiternam reddere : v. preced. art.) 

etesian winds: étésiae, arum, m.: 
Caes. : Cic. 

ether: aether, Gris (poet. -os), ace. 
aethéra, m. (the upper regions of the 
sky): Cie.: Virg.: Hor. 

ethereal : aethéreus, aethérius : Cic. : 
Virg.: Hor. 

ethic, ethical: 1. éthicus (Gr. 
7@Kos): for which Cic. uses the phr. 
de moribus, de Fat. 1, init.: Gell. yr 
moralis, e: suggested by Cic. as an 
equivalent to Gk. 7@cKos, de Fat. 1. c. : 
Quint. 6, 2, 8. Phr.: an e. treatise, 
liber de officiis scriptus: v. MORAL. 

ethics: 1, eéthicé, és, 7, Quint. 
(pars illa moralis quae dicitur Ethice, 
12, 2, 15): for which Lact. has éthica, 
ae; and Gell. éthica res (not in Cic.: cf. 
de Fat. init.): a short treatise on e., 
compendium ethices, Whitby. > 
*philéséphia moralis: v. preced. art. 
Phr.: the study of morals we designate 
é., eam partem philosophiae. quia ad 
mores pertinet, “de moribus”’ appellare 
solemus, Cic. 1. c. (ef. the title De of- 
ficiis, i. e. concerning moral duties): 
every e. question has tivo aspects, omnis 
de officio quaestio duplex est, Cic. Off. 
1, 3, tit. (but officium represents 
chiefly the practical view of ethics). 

etiquette: mos, fisus, fis: v. cus- 
TOM, USAGE. More precisely perh. 
*morum elegantia (R. and A.). Pbhr.: 
somewhat ignorant of e., simplicior, Hor. 
S. 1, 3, 633 altcgether so, *(plane) rus- 
ticus atque incomptus (Vv. IN+LEGANT 
AWKWARD). See also PROPRIETY. 








EVACUATE 
etymological: ét¥Ymoldgicus: Gell. 
I, 13 


ap CE 
etymologist: *ét¥mlogus (Gr. érv- 
podoyos, Vair.); etymologiae or ety- 


mologicarum rationum peritus: v, Ery- 
MOLOGY. 

etymology: |. The science : 1. 
étymologia: Cic. Acad. 1, 8, 32: else- 


where (lop. 8, 35) he writes the word 
as Gr., giving as its equivalent, notatio 
(“nos autem genus hoc notationem ap- 
pellamus quia sunt verba rerum notae *’) 
2, étymblogicé, és, 7, Varr. L.L. 1, 
I, 4 (who, however, writes the word as 
Gk. lib. 5, imit.; and uses etymologia, 
Lib. 7, fin.). 8. explicatio verborum, 
Cic. Acad. lc. 4, disciplina verborum 
originis, Varr. L. L. 7, § 199. Il. The 
derivation of a particular word: T 
étymologica ratio: to explain a word by 
a false e., vocabulum resolvere ratione 
et. falsa, Gell. 1, 18. 2. drigo, nis, 
J.: books concerning the es of words, 
libri de verborum originibus, Varr. lib. 
1, fin.: cf. 5, 7. Phr.: looking at the 
mere e. of the word (pomoerium), verbi 
vim solam intuentes, Liv. 1, 44: ef. Cic. 
Tuse. 3, 5, 11: “totum igitur id quod 
quaerimus ... verbi vis ipsa declarat.” 
eucharist: eucharistia (Gr. evya- 
ptoria), Cypr.: Vv. LORD'S SUPPER. 
eucharistic: eucharisifcus: Tert. 
eulogist: 1, laudator: the e. of 
by-gone boyhood days, \. temporis acti se 
puero, Hor.: Cic. 2. cantor (one who 
sings the praises of : rare in this sense) : 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 20, 45. 3, panégyrista 
(v. rare): Sid. 
eulogize: laudo, collaudo, 1: v. To 
PRAISE. 
eulogy: 1, laus. dis, f.: v. PRAISE. 
2. laudatio (act of praise; a set 
eulogy): what laurel could I compare 
with the e. pronounced by you, quam 
lauream cum tua |. conferrem, Cic.: a 
JSuneral e., funebris 1., Cic. 3, pané- 
gyricus: v. PANEGYRIC. 
eunuch: 1, eunichus (esp. in 
official sense): Cic.: Juv. 2. spado, 
Onis: usu. term of contempt: cf. Liv. 
9, 17, ad fin. ; Hor. Epod. 9, 13. 
euphemism: “*euphémismus (Gr. 
evdnutopuos): as rhet. ¢. t. (Quint. has 
derivatio in similar sense, 3, 7, 25.) 
euphemistic: Phr.: an e. expres- 
sion, *vox per euphemismum (qui dici- 
tur) usurpata. 
euvhemistically: *per euphemis- 
mum; voce de industria in meliorem 
partem detorta. 
euphonious; bene sonans, cf. Quint. 
I, 5, 4. 
euphoniously: béné (with verbs 
signifying sound): Quint. Phr.: that 
his sentences might end e., *ut periodi 
bene ac numerose (rhythmically) ca- 
derent. 
euphony: euphonia, Donat.: pure 
Lat. vocalitas, Quint. 1, 5, 4. Phr.: 
Jor the sake of e., *quo Jjucundior sonus 
(literarum) sit; quo jucundius (melius) 
ad aures sonus perveniat. 
euphorbia: euphorbia 
lin. 
euphuism: *putida quaedam dic- 
tionis affectatio quem euphuismum ap- 
pellant. 
evacuate: |. To leave wnoecu- 
pied: vicuefiicio, 3: Vv. TO VACATE. 
||. Zo void by the natural passages 
égéro, ssi, stum, 3: @o e. urine, urinam 
e., Plin.: v. To vor. See also BOWELS 
Il. To withdraw troops from: 1, 
dédiico, xi, ctum, 3 (with praesidium 
that Aryos and the other towns shoul | 
be ed, ut ab Argis ceterisque oppidis 
praesidia deducerentur, Liv. 34, 
med.: simly, deducere de oppido prae- 
sidium, Cic. Att. 7, 14. 2, excédo, 
ssi, ssum, 3 (of troops or people in 
general, (o depart from: with abl. alone 
or gov. by ex: or absol.): whereas the 
Samnite garrison was purposing to é. 
(the place) the following night, quum 
praesidium Samnitium excessurum 
_proxima nocte esset, Liv. 9, 16, med. : 
Vv. TO QUIT. 3. égrédior, gressus, 3 
(like preced.): to e, a city ri one 
267 


or -um 


is. 


EVACUATION 


EVENTFUL 


EVERYBODY 


See Eee 
change of raiment, e. urbe cum singulis 


vestimentis, Liv. 21, 12. / 
evacuation: |. Of the bowels: 
égestio, Suet.; alvi purgatio, exinanitio : 
v. BOWELS. Phr.: the e.s, faeces, ium, 
f-: Med.t.t. [. Of a fortified town 
or a territory: expr. by dedico: he 
demamds the e. of the town, *jubet prae- 
sidium de oppido deduci, excedere: Vv. 
TO EVACUATE. 
evade: 1, subterfigio, figi, 3 (¢o 
shuffle out of ): to e. military service, 
mnilitiam s., Cic. 9, Eludo, 3: v. TO 
ELUDE. Phr.: fo e. the point (in dis- 
cussion), tergiversor, 1: Cic. (v. TO 
EQUIVOCATE): he e.d the question, alio 
responsionem suam derivavit, Cic. Verr. 
2, 1, 53, 139: toe. a law, legem circum- 
venire, Marc. Dig.: to e. observation, 
fallére (with acc.): v. TO ESCAPE (IL). 
evanescent: éEvanidus: ¢€. joy, & 
gaudium, Sen. : v. TRANSIENT. 
evangelical: évangélicus: Prud.: 
ert. 


evangelically ; *évangélice: or by 
circuml., to preach e., *secundum evan- 
gelii (sanctas) doctrinas. 
evangelist: évangélista : Prud. 
evangelization: expr. by evan- 
gelizo: v. foll. art. 
evangelize: évangélizo, 1: Hier. 
evaporate: . Trans.: ib 
éviporo,1: Join: difflari atque eva- 
porari, Gell. 19, 5. (Vaporo is to heat; 
yet vaporatio occurs in sense of evapora- 
tion, Gell. 1. c.) . disciitio, ssi, 
ssum, 3: the dew is e.d by the sun, ros 
discutitur a sole, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 5: v- 
TO DISPERSE. 3. exhalo, 1: v. TO 
EXHALE. ff, Intrans.: expr. by 
pass. of verbs under (I.): 7 is the 
lightest part of it which e.s, in ea levis- 
simum est quod evaporatur, Gell. 1. c.: 
v. supr. Phr.: to e. from water, ex 
aqua exprimi atque emanare, Gell. l. c. 
evaporation : 1, évaporatio : 
Sen.: Gell. Q, vaporatio: e. must 
necessarily take place, necesse est fieri 
v., Gell. 19, 5. 8. exhalatio: v. EX- 
HALATION. 
evasion: 1, litebra (a shift, sub- 
terfuge): cf. Cic. Div. 2, 20, 46: ‘te 
mirificam in i. conjecisti.” 9. ter- 
giversatio (shuffling): Join: mora et 
tergiversatio, Cic. Mil. 20, jin.: comp. 
Auct. B, Afr. 8, med. 8, ambages, 
um, f. (round-about speech): cf. Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 77. Phr.: to practise e., 
tergiversari, Cic.: v. TO EQUIVOCATE. 
evasive: ambiguus: v. AMBIGUOUS. 
Phr.: to make ane. reply, alio respon- 
sionem derivare; tergiversari: v. TO 
EVADE. 
evasively : ambigué: v. AMBIGU- 
ousLy. Comp. preced. art. 
eve, even (subs.): — |. Of the day: 
vesper, vespertinum tempus: v. EVEN- 
ING. Il. The evening preceding a fes- 
tival: pridie (the day before: in this 
application with acc.): on the eve of the 
Oompitalia, p. Compitalia, Cic.: Suet. 
Il, The period immediately before 
anevent: 1, expr. by insto, immineo, 
impendeo: I think we are on the eve of 
. war, mihi videtur bellum instare, Gic. : 
because she was on the eve of becoming a 
mother, ob imminentem partum, Tac..: 
Vv. TO‘IMPEND. 9. by jam with pres. 
imperf. of verbs for to come, etc.: we are 
even now on the e. of the return of the 
golden age, jam redeunt Saturnia regna, 
Virg. E. 4, 6. 3. by sub with ace. 
(= on the e. of): on the very e. of 
battle, sub horam pugnae, Suet. Aug. 
16: on the e. of the lamentable fall of 
Troy, sub lacrimosa Trojae funera, Hor. 
Od. 1, 8, 14. Phr.: being on the e. of 
becoming a mother, gravida et jam ad 
pariendum [vicina ?] exactis mentibus, 
Gic. Verr. 2, I, 18, 48. 
even (adj.): |. Level, smooth : 
aequus, planus: Vv. LEVEL. Il. Uni- 
form, undisturbed : esp. in phr., an e. 
‘mind or temper, aequus animus, Cic. : 
Hor.: v. EQUANIMITY, EQUABLE. I. 
Fairly balanced: aequus: to fight an 
¢.(or drawn) battle, aequo Marte pug- 
nare, Liv. Phr.: to be e. with any 
268 





one, par pari respondere, PI. Truc. 5, 
47. IV. Of numbers, opp. to odd: 
par, iris: to play at odd and e., ludere 
par, impar, Hor. S. 2, 3, 248. 

even (adv.) : 1, étiam: the most 
gen. equivalent for the Eng. (N.B.—Not 
when there is a negative in the sen- 
tence: not... even, ne.. . quidem, 
see L.G. § 656): we may be safe e. 
yet, salvi e. nunc esse possumus, Cic. 
R. Am. 52,150: ¢. if you have nothing to 
write, e. si (or as one word etiamsi) quod 
scribas non habebis, Cic. Q. vel (esp. 
to emphasise single words): I prefer 
e. monarchy to democracy, [sed tamen] 
vel regnum malo quam liberum popu- 
lum, Cic. Rep. 3, 34: they may think 
what they please, and take e. this view, 
existiment quod velint, ac vel hoc intel- 
ligant, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 33. Esp. with 
superlatives, v. VERY (THE). 3. adeo 
(serving to give precision and empha- 
sis): you are e. such a one, is a, tu es, 
Pl.: with very great loss and e. ruin to 
the revenue, cum maximo detrimento 
atque a. exitio vectigalium, Cic. Verr. 3, 
8, 19. 4. ipse (with a subs.): e. if 
Salus herself desired to save, ipsa si 
cupiat’ Salus servare, ‘ler. Ad. 4, 7, jin. : 
e. virtue (herself) is made light of by 
many, a multis ipsa virtus contemnitur, 
Cic. Am. 23, 86. 5, usque (of a limit 
in time): from morning e. to evening, 
a mane usque ad vesperam, Suet. : Cic. 
Phr.;: e. if, etiamsi [v. supr., 1], etsi, 
ut: v. ALTHOUGH. 

even-handed: 
tus: V. IMPARTIAL. 

evening (subs.) : 1, vesper, éris 
and éri, m.: till e., usque ad vesperum 
(not -em), Cic.: it was now e., jam v. 
diei erat, Sall.: in the early part of the 
e., primo vespere (never -0), Caes.: yes- 
terday e., heri vesperi, (rather than ves- 
pere),Cic. 2, vespéra (much less freq. 
than preced.): they will overtake him 
by e., ad v. consequentur, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 
6: from morning till e., a mane usque 
ad v., Suet. 3. (poet.) Hespérus (the 
e. star): home! e. comes, ite domum, 
venit H., Virg. 4, vespertinum tem- 
pus: Cic. N.D. 2, 20, 52. Phr.: e. 
comes on, advesperascit, Ter.: Cic.; 
vesperascit, Ter.: Gell.; invesperascit, 
Liv.: to come very late in the e., per- 
vesperi venire, Cic.: a guest who drops 
in in the e., vespertinus hospes, Hor. 
(For evening in fig. sense, V. DECLINE, 
subs.) 

evening (adj.): 1, vespertinus : 
an e. letter (received in the e.), v. literae, 
Cic.: v. preced. art. ad fin. 9. Hes- 
périus (poet.): Hor. 3, occiduus (ap- 
pertaining to sunset): Calpurn. Phr.: 
what bodes the e. red, quid vesper rubens 
vehat, cf. Virg. G. 1, 251, 461. 

evening-star : 1, Hespérus : 
Cic.: Virg. 9. Vesper, éri: when the 
e. rises, Vespero (not Vespere) surgente, 
Hor.: Virg. (The forms Hesperugo 
and Vesperugo are very rare.) 

evenly: 1, aequaliter: v. EQUALLY. 

Q. aequabiliter : to divide spoil e. 

(fairly), praedam ae. dispertire, Cic. : 
see also UNIFORMLY. Phr.: to build a 
wall e. (on @ level), ad libram murum 
aedificare (cf. Caes. B.C. 3, 40): e. ba- 
lanced scales, aequato examine lances, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 725: to flow e. on (of 
style), uno tenore [in dicendo] fluere, 
Cic. Or. 6, 21. 

evenness: |. Smoothness, level- 
mess: aequalitas (as of the sea): Sen.: 
Plin. Il. EZqual adjustment: aequi- 
tas: e. of proportions (in a compound), 
portionum ae., Sen. N.Q. 3, 10, 3. il. 
Of temper: aequus animus: v. EQUA- 
NIMITY. 

event: |. Result, sequel: @ven- 
tus, exitus: v. ISSUE. I]. 4” ocewr- 
rence: res, rei, f.; or in pl., the neut. 
of adjectives and pronoums without a 
subs.: v. CIRCUMSTANCE. Phr.: af all 
2.8, saltem (v. LEAST, AT): in the e. of, 
si (V. IF). 

eventful; perh. mémirabilis: v. 
MEMORABLE. (Or expr. by circuml. : 
an e. life, *vita casibus ac periculis in- 


aequus, incorrup- 








signis: 0 e. day, *O diem periculi ac 
discriminis plenum !) 
6 even-tide: vespertinum tempus 

ic. 

eventual: expr. by dliquando: v. 
AT LAST. 

eventually: aliquando, postea de- 
mum: V. AT LAST, ULTIMATELY, 

ever: |, At any time: 1, un- 
quam (after negative, hypothetical and 
comparative words: also in rhetorical 
questions): no mortal has e. been able 
to attain, nemo u. mortalis potuit asse- 
qui, Cic.: if ¢. si unquam, Ter: Cic. : 
ah, shall I ever behold thee, en, u. te 
aspiciam? PL: Liv.: to outshine all 
who e. handled oratory, praestare reli- 
quis omnibus qui u. attigerunt orationes, 
Cic.: greater than e., major quam UL, 
Quint.: more than e., magis quam uw. 
alias, Liv. 2. quando (after si, num 
=unquam), ecquando (interrog.): (the 
question) whether new friends are e. to 
be preferred to old, num q. amici novi 
veteribus sint anteponendi, Cic.: if at 
any time, si q., Cic.; si q. unquam 
(stronger and more general, Liv.). Ec- 
quando is chiefly used in impassioned 
questions: shall we e. be at liberty to 
enjoy this as our common country, e. 
communem hanc esse patriam licebit ? 
Liv. 8, aliquando (on any occasion: 
more definite than quando): but tf e. 
at any time, quodsi aliquando, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 10, 20: tf e. any thing of the 
kind should chance to arise, si quid 
bujus simile forte aliquando evenerit, 
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 40. Phr.: e. and 
anon, identidem, Cic.; Phaedr. i. Of 
unlimited degree: as, e. 80 great, quan- 
tus quantus, quantuscunque, quantus- 
vis: Vv. HOWEVER. II], Aé all times: 
semper, usque (rare and chiefly poet.) 
v. ALWAYS, STILL. Phr.: for e. (in) 
aeternum: he sits and for e. shall sit, 
sedet aeternumque sedebit, Virg. A. 6, 
617: farewell for e.-more, aeternum 
vale, Virg. Aen. 11, 98; in aevum, Hor. 
Od. 4, 14, 33 in saecula, Vulg. Rom. 
th : 

ever-blooming : 
Luer. ( fig.) 

evergreen: _ 1, (arbor) quae sem- 
per viret, Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 37: Plin. 

2, sempervivus: an e. plant, s. 

herba, Apul. 3. semper viridis : 
Cic. poet. Div. 1, 9, 15- 4, expr. 
by circuml.: there is said to be an e. 
plane, dicitur platanus esse quae folia 
hieme non amittat, Varr. R.R. 1, 47, 
med 

everlasting (adj.): sempiternus: 
Join: perpetuus (wninterrupted) et 
sempiternus, Cic.: v. PERPETUAL. See 
also ETERNAL. 

everlasting (svbs.): a plant, sem- 
pervivum, Apul.; aizoon, Plin. 

everlastingly: semper, (in) aeter- 
num: v. ETERNALLY, EVER (II1.). 

everliving: vivax: Join: (vir- 
tus) vivax expersque sepulcri, Ov. 

evermore for; acternum: v. EVER 
(fin.). 

every: 1, quisque, quaeque, quod- 
que (taken singly): e. fifth year, quinto 
quoque anno, Cic.: v. EACH. : 
omnis, e (where the sense would be 
mainly the same if all were used with 
plur. subs.): you can’t find e. kind (=all 
kinds) of tree in e. field, non o. arborem 
in 0. agro reperire possis, Cic. R. Am 
27, 75. e. lover is a soldier, militat o. 
amans, Ov. _ 8, quivis, quilibet (any 
and e., e. one indiscriminately) : ’tis not 
e. one who can afford to go to Corinth, 
non cuivis homini contingit adire Co- 
rinthum, Hor.: v. ANY SOEVER. Phr.: 
e. single man, unusquisque homo (Vv. 
EACH): ¢€. day, quotidie, in (singulos) 
dies (v. DAILY, adv.): e. year, quotannis 
(Vv. YEARLY). 

everybody: 1, quisque: e. for 
himself, pro se q., Cic.: e. must use his 
own judgment, suo cuique judicio uten- 
dum est, Cic. 2. omnes, ium: to de 
good to e., to hurt no one, omnibus pro- 
desse, nemini nocere, Cic.: v. ALL. . 
némo non (more emphatic than pre- 


semper fldrens, 





EVERY-DAY 





EVOLUTION 


EXAGGERATE 


arr 


ced.): €. at Arpinum was attached to| tam apertum tamque p., Cic. 


Plancius, nemo Arpinas non Plancio 
studuit, Cic. Planc. 9, 22: e. must praise 
your plan most warmly, tuum consi- 
lium n. potest non maxime laudare, Cic. 
4, e. who, quicunque: v. WHO- 
EVER. 5, quivis: v. ANY SOEVER. 
every-day (adv.): quotidie: v. 
DAILY. 
every-day (adj.): 1, quotidia- 
nus: e. use, language, q. usus, Sermo, 
Cic. Q, isitatus: v. ORDINARY. 
everything: 1, quidque: e. that 
is best is rarest, optimum quidque raris- 
simum est, Cic. 2, omnes res; om- 
nia: v. ALL. 8, nibil non (more 
emphatic than preced.): he arranged e. 
ing to principle, nihil non ad 
rationem dirigebat, Cic. Br. 37, 140: cf. 
EVERY Bopy (3). 
every-time ; nunquam non, Cic.: 
Vv. ALWAYS: e. that, quotiescunque: v. 
WHENSOEVER. 
everyway: |. In every direc- 
tion: quoquoversus (-um); ten feet e., 
pedes decem q., Cato: Cic. Phr.: e. 
you lool, quocunque aspicias, Ov. ll. 
Altogether: omnino: v. ALTOGETHER. 
everywhere: = 1, ubique (where- 
ever it may be: hence mostly with 
verb sum, and very often in combi- 
nation with omnis, quicunque): every- 
body and e., omnes mortales qui u. 
sunt, Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6: we must study 
always and e., studendum semper et 
u., Quint.: Virg. 2. wbicunque 
(poet.: strictly wheresoever: q.v.): thy 
bounty, goddess, the nations e. [whereso- 
ever they are] tell of, te, dea, munificam 
gentes u. loquuntur, Ov. 3. ubivis 
(wherever you please): Vv. ANYWHERE. 
4, nusquam non (emphatic: comp. 
EVERYBODY, 3): (nature) places e. re- 
medies for human ill, nusquam non 
remedia homini disponit, lin. 24, 1, 
init. 5, (in) omnibus locis: nowhere 
is there fighting, e. carnage, nusquam 
proelium, omnibus locis caedes, Liv. 5, 
45: we believe that God is e. present, 
*Deum omnibus in locis adesse credi- 
mus. 6, passim (here and there; in 
every direction): to be e. distributed, 
dividi p. et pervulgari, Cic. Sull. 15, 42: 
(it grows) €., even on mountains, p. 
etiam in montibus, Plin. 
evict: évinco, 3 (i.e. to recover by 
law): Dig. See also TO PISPOSSESS. 
eviction: évictio, Dig. 
evidence (swbs.) : 1, testimoni- 
um (legal): to give e. against any one, 
t. in aliquem dicere, Cic.: e. given by 
vresent persons, testimonia dicta a prae- 
sentibus, Quint.: written e., t. per ta- 
bulas data, Quint. 9. indicium (in- 
ormation given): esp. in phr., to turn 
“king's”’] e., ind. profiteri, Sall. Jug. 
35; ind. offerre, Tac. 11, 35: simly, 
ind. postulare (to claim to be allowed to 
do so), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 2, fin. : [also fidem 
publicam postulare, ib.]: on infamous 
(because lying) e., infando ind., Virg. 
See also INFORMATION, INDICATION. 3. 
argumentum (non-legal): v. PROOF. 
4, expr. by testis, is, c.: on what e. 
will you convict me, quo me teste con- 
vinces? Cic.: the ring is é, t. est an- 
nulus, Ter.: v. witness. Phr.: the 
strongest e. of the truth of the saying, 
fides hujus maxima vocis, Ov. Pont. 1, 
5, 32: to give e., testificari, Cic.; testari, 
Quint. : to call to e., testari, obtestari (v. 
TO APPEAL TO; WITNESS): things which 
rest upon the e. of our senses, quae sen- 
sibus percipiuntur; quae ompem sibi 
fidem sensibus confirmant, td est in- 
corruptis atque integris testibus, Cic. 
(R. and A.). 
evidence (v.): testor, arguo: v. TO 
EVINCE, INDICATE. 
evident: 1. apertus (open and 
obvious to all): what can be so e. and 
obvious as . . ., quid potest esse tam a. 
tamque perspicuum, quam .. ., Cic. 
N.D. 2, 2,4: to separate things e. from 
things doubtful, res secernere a. a du- 


biis, Lucr. 9, manifestus: 7. MANI- 
Fest. 3, perspicuus (to be seen at 


ence): what can be soe., quid potest esse 


openly, q.v. 
false, quae p. falsa sunt, Cic. Join: 


























by verb: these statements are e. false, 
apparet, patet haec falsa esse: v. pre- | 
ced. artt. 


v. BAD, WICKED. 
male se habere, Ter.: to look with ane. 
eye upon, invidere (with dat.) : more 
precisely, (oculis) fascinare, cf. Virg. 
E. 3, 103. 


the least, minima malorum eligenda, 
Cic.: to be am é., in malis esse, Cic.: @ 
very Iliad of e.s (prov.), malorum Ilias, 
Cic. Att. 8, I1. 
Cic.: to speal: e. of a man, maledicere 
alicui, Cic. (v. TO ABUSE, REVILE): to 
wish e. to any one, male velle alicui, 
PL: e. take the hindmost, occupet ex- 
tremum scabies, Hor. A. P. 417: e. be- 
fal that man, dii isti male faciant! Cic. 


arum, Veg. 





feeling): V. ILL-DISPOSED, MALICIOUS. 








4, évi- 
dens, ntis (that speaks for itself, self- 
evidencing): for what ts more e, than 
this, quid enim est hoc evidentius? Cic. 
N.D. 2, 2, 5 (elsewhere explained as de 
quo inter omnes conveniat, N. 1). 3, 4, 
g). See also foll. art. 

evident, itis: 1. apparet, uit, 2 
(Gr. hatverat, it shows or declares itself : 
with impers. subject): and the fact is 
e. from this, idque ap. ex (hoc), Cic. Br. 
31, 121: the more conspicuously e. does 
it become, eo magis eminet et ap., Cic. 
R. Am. 41, fin.: ¥. APPARENT. 2. | 
pitet, uit, 2 (like preced., but stronger: | 
“it ts clear as daylight”): since it is | 
e. therefore ... , quum p. igitur (with 
acc. and inf.): Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54. 

3, constat, stitit, r (of that which 
is allowed on all hands): v. AGREED 
UPON (TO BE). 4, liquet, cuit, 2 (im- | 
plying that a person has satisfied him- 
self on some point): neither the exist- 





ence of the gods nor their non-existence 
was e. to hum, cui neutrum licuerit, nec 
esse deos, nee non esse, Cic. N. D, 1, 42, 
117: esp. used in trials, non liquet, xt ws 
not e. or proven (either way), Cic. (Aiso 
apertum est, manifestum est, may be 
used: v. preced. art.) 





evidently : 1, Aperté: to state 


something which is e. false, ponere ali- 


quid a. falsum, Cic.: oftener in sense of 
Q. perspicué: things e. 


aperte et perspicue, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 
7, 20. 8. manifesté: v. MANIFESTLY. 

4, @videnter (in a self-evidencing 
manner : rare): Liv. 5, often expr. 


evil (adj.): miilus, pravus, improbus: 
Phyr.: tobe ine. case, 


evil (subs.): malum: of e.s choose 





Phr.: no e., nihil mali, 


Fam. 11, 21. The king’s e., scrofulae, 
evil (adv.): malé: Vv. BADLY, ILL. 
evil-affected t 1, male inima- 
evil-disposed § tus: v. DISAFFECTED. 
2. malévolus (of personal unfriendly 


evil-doer: 1, (homo) miiléficus : 
Vv. MALEFACTOR. 9. maléfactor (not 
in Cic.): Pl.: for the punishment of ¢.s, 
ad vindictam malefactorum, Vulg. I 
Pet. ii. 14. 

evil-eye: v. EVIL, adj. (Phr.). 

evil-eyed ; invidus: v. JEALOUS, 

evil-minded : Vv. EVIL-DISPOSED. 

evil-speaking (@dj.): mialédicus, 
comp. maledicentior, sup. maledicentis- | 
simus, Cic. : V. SLANDEROUS. | 

evil-speaking (subs.) : 1, milé- | 
dicentia (as habit): constant e., assidua | 
m. [et probra], Gell. 3, 3, Jin. pe 
malédicta, orum (abuse as uttered): v. 
REVILING, ABUSE. (N.B. Not calumnia: 
Vv. CALUMNY.) 

evince: 1, praesto, 1: v. TO DIS- 
PLAY. 9, arguo, i, iitum, 3: fear e.s 
low descent, degeneres animos timor a., 
Virg. Aen. 4, I3: V. TO PROVE. 3. 
expr. by indicium (indication, token) 
anda verb: your language ed your 
disposition towards me, mihi quale 
ingenium haberes, fuit indicio oratio, 
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 4: simly, indicium 
facere, id. Hec. 4, 1, 31. 

eviscerate: evisctro, exentéro: v. 
TO EMBOWEL. 

evoke: évico, élicio: v. TO CALL 
FORTH. 

evolution: military, décursus, tis; 





jin. 2. 


décursio (terms applied to the es of 
troops on parade): Tac. A. 2, 55 [de- 
cursibus cohortium interesse]}, Suet. 
Galb.6, fin. [campestris decursio} Phr.: 
to go through e.s, decurrere: often tm- 
pers., they went through their es under 
arms, in armis decursum est, Liv. 26, 
51, med.: Tac.: to go through various 
e.s (of horses), gyros variare, Tac. 
Ger. 6. 

evolve: évolvo, 3: v. 
DEVELOPE. 

ewe: (Ovis) fémina: if you wish to 
breed e.s, si feminae generandae sunt, 
Col. 7, 3, med. <A ewe that is with lamb 
is feta; after lambing, mater: Col. 
l.c.: a e.-lamb, agna, Hor. 

ewer: urceus, bydria (for water): 
V. PITCHER, JUG. 

exacerbate: exaspéro, exicerbo, 1: 
V. TO EMBITTER, EXASPERATE. 

@X: as preiix, quondam (with ref, to 
any preced, time: cf. quondam socius, 
M. L.); prioris anni (of preced. year), 
Liv. 2, 56, init. 

exact (".): 1, exigo, égi, actum, 
3: toe. (payment of ) tazes, tributa ex., 
Cic.: the moneys levied were ¢.’d with 
great harshness, acerbissime imperatae 
pecuniae exigebantur, Caes. B.C. 3, 
a2 2. impéro, 1 (to enjoin upon ; 
make a requisition: with dat. of person 
and acc. of what is demunded): v. To 
LEVY, DEMAND. 

exact (a/j.): |. Of persons ; 
careful, precise: diligens, subtilis: v. 
ACCURATE, PRECISE. (Not eXactus in 
this sense: exactissimus homo in Plin. 
Ep. 8, 23, is a most finished, accom- 
plished man.) fl, Of numbers, state- 
ments, etc. 1, exactus: to stale the 
e. number of killed, quot ceciderint, 
exucto affirmare numero, Liv. 3, 5, ad 
subtilis: v. PRECISE, AC- 
CURATE. Pbhr.: at the e. time, ipso 
tempore, cf. L. G. § 376. 

exacting (adj.): *qui nimium de 
altero ut debitum postulat : sometimes 
rapax may do, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 33, 
Cinarae rapaci. 

exaction: J. The act of exact- 
ing: exactio Cic.: Tac. (Or expr. by 
exigo: by a most rigorous e. of tribute. 
tributis acerbissime exactis, acerbis- 
sime tributa exigendo, v. TO EXACT.) 

Il. That which is exacted: A: 
tribaium: v. TAX. 9. minus, éris, 
m.: by equalising the es, aequalitate 
munerum, Lac. Agr. 19. Ill. An ex- 
tortionate demand: (?) rapina: ¥. ROB- 
BERY, EXTORTION. Phr.: to complain 
of the e.s of the publicans, immodestiam 
publicanorum arguere, Tac. A. 13, 59- 

exactly : |. With precision and 
nicety: diligenter, acctiraté, expressé : 
v. ACCURATELY. ||. Of numbers, 
time, etc.; precisely (q. v.): expr. by 
ipse: it is e. thirty days since, triginta 
dies ipsi sunt, quum: v. L. G. § 376: 
and comp. Exact (IL). Phr.: to equa’ 
e., ad amussim aequiparare, Gell: v. 
NICETY. II. In replies, exactly so; 


TO UNFOLD, 


| ita plane, prorsus isto modo, sic prorsus 
| intelligo, ita prorsus existimo, certe, Cic. 


Tusc. (passim). 

exactness Sec ge pom diligentia : 

exactitude {¥. ACCURACY, PRECI- 
sion. Phr.: to state a number with 
e., exacto affirmare numero: Vv. EXACT 
(LI.). See also NICETY. 

exactor: exXactor: Caes.: Tac. 

exaggerate: 1. augeo, xi, ctum, 
2: in eang numbers (of Valerius), in 
augendo numero, Liv. 38,23: some have 
ed it beyond belief, superjecere quidam 
augendo fidem, Liv. 10, 30 Gn Cic. aug- 
ere usu. signifies to heighten and set off by 
language) (esp. with amplificare), rather 
than to falsify: cf. de Or. 1, 21, 94). 

Q, expr. by major [in majus] and 
a verb : ¢.ing the revolt of the allies, de- 
fectionem sociorum in majus extollentes, 
Liv. 28, 31: in the Senate everything 
was e.d, apud Senatum omnia in majus 
celebrata sunt, ‘I'ac. A. 13, 8: to be ed 
by distance (of reports), ex longinquo 
in majus audiri, Tac. A. 4, 23. Simly, 
majora vero, (Tac. H. 2, 70), are ed 
2ho 


EXAGGERATION 


EXCAVATOR 





statements, as distinguished from what 
is altogether true or false. Phr.: toe. 
facts, excedere actae rei modum, egredi 
veritatem, Plin. Ep. 7, 33, fim.; leges 
historiae negligere . . . plus quam con- 
cedit veritas dicere, cf. Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 
1. (N.B.—Not exaggero, which is to 
heighten, exalt: cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 2%, 
105.) 

exaggeration: |. Theact: 1. 
expr. by verb: he is given to e., *omnia 
im majus extollere solet; rerum ges- 


tarum modum excedere solet: v. preced. ; 


art. Q, perh. nimia rei amplificatio 
(amp. alone is a rhetorical figure of 


speech, by which a thing is set off with | 
| MINATION, 5). 1 
3, stperjectio (comp. preced. | trial of): cf. Cic. Div. 1, 17, 32: “cujus 


the strongest language): cf. Cic. Part. 
15, 53- 





into oneself, se ipsum p. totumque ten- 
tare, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59. Join: 
[causam] pertentare atqne perspicere, 
Cic. , inspicio, 3 (by looking into): 
v. TO INSPECT. |]. Judicially : ,. 
quaero, quaesivi, itum, 3 (to hold a jor- 
mal inquiry: ¥. TO INQUIRE): often, 
by torture: to e. a slave by torture 
against his master, de servo in domi- 
mum q., Cic. Mil. 22, 59: more pre- 
cisely (aliquid) per tormenta q., Suet. 
Tib. 58. 9. interrdgo, t (esp. of e.ing 
witnesses) : V.CROSS-EXAMINATION. 3, 
torqueo, 2 (by torture): Vv. TO TORTURE. 

Il]. Zo test qualifications : il 
prébo, 1: v. TO PROVE, TEs? (cf, EXA- 
2. tento, 1 (to make 


art. 1): hyperbole is a tasteful kind of | quum tentaret scientiam auguratus.” 


e.,est hyperbole decens veri s., Quint. 
8, 6, 67: to indulge lusicless e., *insulsae 
[ac parum decenti] veri s. indulgere. 
4. (also rhetor.) veritatis superla- 

tio et trajectio, Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 203: 
Quinto vez; 3. Il. The statement 
which partalkes of e.: Phr.: the num- 
ber is an absurd e., *numerus ridiculam 
in modum auctus est: /alsehoods, true 
statements, and e.s, falsa, vera, Majora 
vero, Tac.: a rhetorical e., superjectio 
veri, Quint.: see also-(1.}. (N.B. Exag- 
geratio in Gell. 13, 24, med., is accumu- 
lation of synonymous terms for rheto- 
rical effect.) 

exalt: J. Lit.: to lift up: tollo, 
extoljo, etc.: V. TO RAISE LIFT UP. 
Fig.: to elevate; as to honour, office : 
tollo, Gvého: v. TO ELEVATE. (N.B. 
Exalto, opp. to submitto. in Sen. N. Q. 
pref. lib. 3 § 9.) Ill. Zo heighten a 
subject by language: 1, augeo, xi, 
ctum,2: Join: augere et tollere ali- 
quid dicendo, Cic. de Or. 3, 26,104. 2, 
amplifico, 1 (to set off by strong language, 
whether by way of praise or blame, cf. 
Cic. de Or. l.c.): Join: (dicendo) am- 
plificare atque ornare, Cic. 3, tollo, 
3: V. supr. (1). 

exaltation: |. Zhe act of lift- 
tng: Vv. ELEVATION. . Of rank, 
honour : fastigium, gridus (dignitatis) : 
v. EMINENCE (II.). 

exalted (part. adj.) ; celsus, excel- 
sus: V. LOFTY, ELEVATED. 

examination : 1. investigatio 
(step by step search): v. ENQuIRY. 2, 
interrogatio : the e. (cross-examination : 
q. v.) of witnesses, testium i., Quint. ; 
Tac. 3. examinatio (legal): Ulp. 
Dig. 47, 14, 1, fin. (civilis ex.]. (Exa- 
men, the tongue of a balance, appears to 
be used by meton. ix anal. sense: v. Dr. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.) 4, perspi- 
cientia (rare): the e. of truth, veri p. 
Cic. Off. 1, 5, 14. 5, probatio (test- 
ing: the best word to denote a school 
or college €.): ane. of athletes, p. athle- 
tarum, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144: simly of 
cattle, Varr. R.R. 1, 20, init.: to wunder- 
go an e., probationis periculum subire, 
Wyttenb. (in Kr.): to come a second 
time for e.,ad p. redire, id.: thee. for 
master’s degree, *p. ad magistri gradum 
conferendum habita. 

examine: |. Ingen.sense: 1, 
investigo, 1 (to inquire carefully): v. 
TO ENQUIRE INTO, INVESTIGATE. } 
interrdgo, 1 (by questioning): v. TO 
QUESTION. 3, examino, 1 (lit. with 
a balance: hence to weigh carefully) : 
a corrupt judge ill es the truth, male 
verum e. corruptus judex, Hor. (Cic. 
has the word in similar sense, but al- 
ways in connexion with some such word 
as pondera, trutina: v. TO WEIGH.) 

4, scritor, perscritor, I: v. TO 
SEARCH. 5, excitio, ssi, ssum, 3 (lit. 
by snaking, as to find something se- 
creted): I am not e.ing you, if per- 
chance you had a weapon about you, 
non excutio te, si quid forte ferri ha- 
buisti, Cic. R. Am. 34, 97: hence, to 
sift thoroughly : let us e. the whole sub- 
ject, totum excutiamus lecum, Quint. 5, 
,6. Join: explicare atque excutere 
feeanaaa Cic. 6, perspicio, exi, 
ectum, 3 (by looking carefully through 
a thing): lo e. and thoroughly inquire 
270 





Phr.: to e. boys, *puerorum in doctrina 
progressus tentare,experiri; pueros pro- 
bare; pueri quantum in discendo pro- 
fecerint exquirere (cf. IMPROVEMENT). © 
examiner: |. Legal: quaesitor. 
||. #ducational: perh. *examin- 
ator (as ¢. t.). 
example: 1, exemplum (an iIlus- 
tration, specimen, precedent): to offer 
e.s for imitation, exempla proponere ad 
imitandum, Cic.: to set an €., ex. prae- 
bere, Sall. (or.): to do injury by one's 
e., exemplo nocere, Cic.: by way of e. 
(i. e. illustration by a particular case), 
exempli causa, Cic. Mur. 12, 273; ex. 
gratia, Quint. See also PRECEDENT 
(subs.). 2. exemplar, Sris, n. (a pat- 
tern or original set before one): used 
syn. with exemplum in Cic. Mur. 31, 
Vv. PATTERN. 3, dociimentum 
(anything to barn from): an e. of vir- 
tue, d. virtutis, Cic. Rab. P. 10, 27: v. 
LESSON. Phr.: for e., verbi causa 
(gratia), Cic. Verr. 2, 52, 129 (see also 
supr. 1); puta, ut puta (i.e. suppose, 
For instance), Sen. N. Q. 2, 2, 3 (not 
Cic.): sometimes ut alone may suffice: 
many philosophers committed suicide, as 
Jor e. Cato, *multi sibi mortem consci- 
verunt philosophi, ut Cato (v. as). 
exasperate: 1. exdcerbo, 1: v. 
TO EMBITTER (2). 2, exaspéro, I: in 
this sense better with animum, animos ; 
ef. Liv. 40, 22, Jin.: also absol., as the 
other did not abate, he (Alexander) was 
the more e.d, eo nihil remittente, magis 
exasperabatur, Curt. 3. irrito, 1: v. 
TO PROVOKE. 4. expr. by ira and a 
verb; as iram alicujus accendere, in- 
flammare: (the Romans) being highly 
e.d, ardentibus ira animis, Liv. 38, 25, 
fin.: Vv. TO ENRAGE. See also foll. art. 
Phr.: that slaughter dreadfully ed 
the Thebans against the Romans, effe- 
ravit ea caedes Thebanos ad exsecrabile 
odium Romanorum, Liv. 33, 29. 
exasperated (part. adj.) : i; 
infensus (spiteful): with e. and hostile 
Feelings, inf. animo et inimico, Cic. : 
more fully, infensus ira, Liv.: Virg. 
2. iratus: v. ancry. 8, (poet.) 
asper, éra, érum: e. by losses, cladibus 
asper, Ov. Pbh.r.: so e. were they, adeo 
exarserant animis, Liv.: greatly e., ira 
accensus, Nep. See also preced. art. 
exasperating (adj.): 1. perh. 
asper, éra, érum: cf. Cic. Plane. 14, 
33: “asperioribus facetiis perstrinxis- 
set.” 2. acerbus: v. BITTER. (Or 
expr. by circuml., what could be more 
e., *quid poxsset esse ad animos homi- 
num irritandos accommodatius? v. TO 
EXASPERATE.) 
exasperation: ira, animus iratus 
atque infensus* v. ANGER, ANGRY. 
excavate: ], cavo, excavo, 1: 
Vv. TO HOLLOW OUT. 9. effodio, fodi, 
ssnm, 3 (by digging): to e. harbours, 
portus e., Virg.: Suet. See also ro 
DIG. 
excavation: |. The act: perh. 
excavatio, Sen. (in sense I1.), (Orexpr. 
by verb: v. preced. art.) ll. The 
cavity : 1. excavatio: Sen. Dy. 
cavum: Vv. HOLLOW (subs.). 3, *locus 
effossus, pars viae effossa, etc.: v. TO 
EXCAVATE. 
excavator: 1, cavator (as a 
bird which hollows out a tree): Plin. 


EXCEL 








2, munitor (one engaged in making 
roads, mines, etc.): he divided the e.8 
into siz gangs, in partes sex muni- 
torum numerum divisit, Liv. 5, 19, jin. 

3, ciiniciilarius (of mines, im siege- 
works): V. MINER. 4. Opéra, usu 
pl. (gen. term for workmen that are not 
artificer’s) : V. LABOURER. 

exceed: 1, excédo, ssi, ssum, 3 
(to go beyond the limits of : with acc., 
but not in Cic.); to e. the sum of 80,000, 
summam octoginta millium ex., Liv.: 
rashness e.ing belief, temeritas fidem 
excedens, Vell.: toe. the limit of vera- 
city (as a historian), ex. modum actae 
rei, Plin. Ep. 2, égrédior, vressus, 3 
(=excedo: in Cic. foll. by extra and 
ace.; in later authors, with direct 
acc.): to e. Li. e. overstep] one’s limits, 
extra cancellos e., Cic. Quint. 10, 36: to 
e. due limits, modum e., Liv.: Tac. 

3. stpéro, 1 (to rise above, excel) : 
lest the outlay e. the profit, ne sumptus 
fructum s., Varr.: ‘Tac.: Vv. TO SURPASS. 
(The comp. exsupero also occurs in this 
sense: not only to equal, but even to 
e. any one's renown, alicujus laudes non 
solum assequi, sed etiam ex. Liv. 
Plin.) 4, expr. by supra: (affection) 
so great that nothing can e. it, tantus 
ut nihil supra possit [esse?, Cic. Fam. 
14, I, 5 (the esse is doubttul here, but 
is omitted elsewhere: “ita accurate ut 
nihil supra,” Att. 13, 19, 3): Ter.: the 
number of slain e.’d 20,000, caesa supra 
viginti millia, Liv. Simly by ultra. to 
e. @ limit, ultra modum progredi, Cic. 
(VY. BEYOND). an oration most elegantly 
written, so that nothing could e. it, 
oratio scripta elegantissime, ut nihil 
possit ultra, Cic, Att. 15, 1, med. 5. 
expr. by compar. of adj.: to e. Milo im 
strength, Croesus in riches, *Milone ro- 
bustiorem, Croeso ditiorem esse: see the 
several adjj. 

exceeding (adj.): égrégius, eximius, 
etc.: a woman of e. beauty, egregi& 
forma (mulier), Liv.: v. REMARKABLE, 

exceeding (prep.): supra, ultra: v 
TO EXCEED (4). 

exceedingly : . admodum 
(strictly, to the [full] measure, quite) : 
e. unpolished, and totally rude, a. impo- 
litus et plane rudis, Cic.: (@ thing) e. 
gratifying, a. gratum, Cic.: v. VERY. 

2, vébementer (of feelings ; strongly, 
vehemently) : e. angry, V. iratus, Pl. : e. 
alarmed, v. commotus, Cues. : tt e. dis- 
pleases (me), v. displicet, Cic.: v. VEHI- 
MENTLY. 9, magnOpéré: v. GREATLY. 

4, oppido (in familiar language): 
e. laughable, o. ridiculus, Cie. de Or. 2, 
64, 259: e. angry, Oo. iratus, Pl.: Ter. 

5, sane quam, per quam [perquam }: 
also chiefly in familiar language. J wus 
e. glad, sane q. sum gavisus, Brut. in 
Cic. Fam. 11, 13, med.: Cic.: I should e. 
like to know, per quam velim scire, lin. 
Ep. 7, 27, itt.: v. VERY. 6, exp. 
by superl. of adj.: a man e. wealthy 
powerful, influential, *homo locupletis- 
simus, potentissimus, gratiosissimus ; 
where see the several adjj. 

excel: 1. praesto, stiti,stitum, 1 (usu. 
with dat.; also acc., esp. in later authors : 
nearly always in good sense): to e. 
other living creatures, p. ceteris ani- 
malibus, Sall.: to e. other nations in 
sagacity, p. prudentia ceteris gentibus, 
Cic.: with acc., Nep.: Liv. Also with 
inter: suos inter aequales longe prae- 
stitit, Cic. Br. 64, 230. 2. excello, ui, 
3 (to rise above: foll. by dat. or 
prep.): the virtue which e.s all the rest, 
ea virtus quae una ceteris ex., Cic.: 
very often with abl. of the respect in 
which: toe. in genius and wisdom, in- 
genio sapientiaque ex., Cic.: alse with 
in and abl.: in jocis longe aliis ex., Cic 
Foll. by inter, super ante, ex: excel- 
lere inter omnes, Cic.: super ceteros, 
Liv.; ante ceteros, Apul.; ex [philo- 
sophis], Cic. Acad. 2, 2, 4. (Less treq 
are antecello [Cic.: fac.], praecelle 
{Lucr. Suet.]: both sometimes in later 
authors with acc. instead of dat.) 3 
anteeo, 4, v7. (with acc.): Vv. TO SUB 
pass. 4, siipéro, exsipero, 1 (alway- 








adi 


EXCELLENCE 





trans.): V. TO EXCEED, SURPASS. 95, 
émineo, 2. v. DISTINGUISHED (TO BE). 
excellence | |. High rank: 
excellency § praestantia, excellen- 
tia: Vv. SUPERIORITY, EMINENCE. tl. 
Goodness, superior quality : 1, vir- 
tus, itis, f. (specific ¢.) : the great force 
e. of an orator, oratoris vis illa 
divina v. que, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 120: @. 
of body, of mind, corporis, animi v., 
Cic. Fin. 5, 13, 38: €. and beauty of ar- 
rangement, ordinis v. et venus, Hor. 
A. P. 42. 2, praestantia: the e. [effi- 
cacy] of a remedy, remedii p., Plin. 3, 
probitas (moral): v. GOODNESS. Wi. 
As title: perh. illustrissimus (Ir.): or 
@grégius (the designation of various 
officers under the Empire) : Cod. Theod. 
excellent: 1, optimus a most 
valiant and e. consul, fortissimus con- 
sul atque 0., Cic.: to be ine. health, 0. 
valetudine uti, Caes.: v. GOoD. 24. 
égrégius (af more than common excel- 
lence): an e. pair of consuls, e. par 
consulum, Liv. 27, 34: Vv. REMARKABLE. 
3. praestans, ntis (surpassing others) : 
a nature superior and e., [above that 
of the gods], Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56. 4, 
praestabilis, e (like praestans; but 
oftener used of absolute excellence) : 
except virtue, nothing is more e. than 
friendship, virtute excepta, nihil ami- 
citia praestabilins, Cic. Am. extr.: no- 
thing more e. than human nature, (nibil) 
praestabilius [matura hominum], Sall. 
Jug. init. §, probus (esp. in moral 
sense): V. GOOD, WORTHY. 6, spec: 
tatus (lit. that has been tried and found 
good): as a physician little known, but 
an e. man, medicus ignobilis sed s. 
homo, Cic. Clu. 16,47: Pl. Join: per- 
fectus et spectatus [vir]; clarissimus 
et spectatissimus, Cic. 7, laudatus 
(lit. praised: not inCic.): most e. cheese, 
laudatissimus caseus, Plin. Phr.: an 
e. writer, iu primis bonus scriptor (v. 
EMINENTLY, 2): an e. authority (Poly- 
bius), bonus auctor in primis, Cic. Off. 
3, 32, 113: as exclam., excellent! op- 
time! euge! macte virtute (the last 
only suitable to be used by a superior) : 
Vv. WELL DONE. 
excellently: 1. optime: Cic.: 
es.: V. WELL. , probe: (forti- 
tude) is e. defined by the Stoics, probe 
definitur a Stoicis, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 62: v. 
WELL. (Probissime occurs in a colloq. 
passage, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 65.) N.b. The 
positives bene, probe, may also be 
strengthened by in primis: v. EMI- 
NENTLY (2). 8. égrégié: to speak 
Greek e., Graece e. loqui, Cic. Fin. 2, 6. 
19: to paint e., e. pingere, Cic. 4. 
praeclaré: Vv. ADMIRABLY (2). — §,_pul- 
chré (esp. in answers of approval: in 
which sense bene, optime, often occur) ; 
v. GooD! See also REMARKABLY. 
excevt (v.): excipio, cépi, ceptum, 
3: (Aristotle) far excelling all (I atways 
e. Plato), longe omnibus (Platonem 
semper excipio) praestans, Cic. Tusc. 1, 
19, 22: very often in p. part.: Vv. EX- 
cEpTING. Join: excipere et secernere, 
Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15. 
except. lprep. _ 1, expr. by p. 
exceoting § part. of excipio (in mak- 
ing a formal exception): e. one or at 
most tivo, excepto uno aut ad summum 
altero, Cic.: sometimes with clause: e. 
that you were not with me, excepto quod 
non simul esses, Hor. Kp. 1, 10, 50 (where 
Cic. would probably have written prae- 
terquam quod, cf. Q. Fr. 2, 14, ad init.). 
9. praeter (prep. with acc.; also 
used adverbially in some writers: chiefly 
after a negative, whereas exceptus is 
more common in positive sentences) : 
no one e. Lucullus, nemo p. Lucullum, 
Cie. : to be condemned by all the votes e. 
one, omnibus sententiis praeter unam 
condemnari, Cic. Clu. 20, 55 : (to all) e. to 
those condemned for capital crimes, pr. 
rerum capitalium condemnatis, Sall. Cat. 
36 (where Cic. would doubtless have said 
praeterquam , cf. Fam. 3, 7, init. : 
“‘nullas iis praeterquam ad te et ad 
Brutum dedi literas’’). 3. extra 
‘with acc.: much less freq. than prae- 


EXCESSIVE 


ter): e. the general and a few others, 
therest . . . .e. ducem paucosque prae- 
terea, reliqui ..., Cic. Fam. 7, 3, ad 
tnit.: Ter. (Extra quam si, except in 
the case of, was specially used in legal 
Sormulae, treaties, erc.: ef. Cic. Inv. 1, 
33, 55: Liv. 26, 34, med.) 4. nisi 
(only after a negative): that, e. in the 
good, friendship can have no existence, 
nisi in bonis amicitiam esse non posse, 
Cic. Often foll, by quod (except that) : 
(my estates) greatly charm me, e. that 
. .., Valde me delectant, nisi quod. . ., 
Cic, Att. 2, 1,9: rightly; e. only in this 
respect, nisi quod . . . ceteroquin recte, 


EXCITABLE 





gen., he indulged in e. grief, maeroria 
immodicns egit, Tac. A. 15, 23. 2: 
immédératus: Vv. IMMODERATE. 4. 


| Infisitatus, insdlitus: v. CNUSUAL. 


5. 
expr. by verb: e. grief, dolor qui mo- 
dum excedit: v. TO EXCEED. 

excessively: 1, nimis(too much) - 
Ter, : Cic.: v. EXCESS (2). 2. immd- 
dicé, immddérité: v. IMMODERATELY, 
3, practer or extra modum, Cic.: 

V. MEASURE. 4, véhémenter (of pas- 
sions): V. EXCEEDINGLY. Phr.: e, 


| hungry, insane esuriens, Pl. 


Cic. Or. 25, 83: if a wish or purpose be | 


indicated, nisi ut must be used: do you 
imagine I care for anything, e. not to 
be deficient in my duty to him, quid- 
quamne putas me curare, nisi ut ei ne 
desim? Cic. Att. 13, 20. (N.B. For non- 
nisi, Vv. ONLY.) 5, expr. by discédo, 


ssi, ssum, 3, with quum (of something | 


which only ranks below what is ex- 
cepted): e. only the love of my brother 
and my family, I yield the first place 
in affection to you, amoris, quum a 
fraterno domesticoque discessi, primas 
tibi defero, Cic. Att. 1,17, med.: in this 
constr. quum more freq. takes subj. : 
cf Cic: Of 2; 25/6. 
exception: 1, exceptio: a sha: ing 
of all things without any e., [i. e. with- 
out reserving anything ], omnium rerum 
sine ulla e. communitas, Cic. Am. 17, 
61: V, RESERVATION. (Exceptio ts 
oftener used in legal sense: Vv. PLEA.) 
2. oftener expr. by excipio: with 
this e., hac una re €xcepta excepto hoc: 
there are many é.s, *multa excipiuntur : 
v. TO EXCEPT. Vhr.:; (4). without e., 
ad unum, am, um: al/ without e. are of 
the same opinion, omnes ad unum idem 
sentiunt, Cic. Am. 23, 86: all (the ships) 
without e., ad unam omnes, se. naves, 
Caes. (not sine ulla exceptione in this 
sense: v. supr.): without a single e., 
*ne uno quidem excepto (Vv. EXCEPT, 
prep.). (ii). to tale e to anything: I 
take e. to your statement, *hoc mihi pa- 
rum convenit (Vv, TO AGREE): to take e. 
to a definition, finitionem impugnare, 
Quint. 7, 3, 22. (iii.) an e. proves (the 
existence of ) a rule, *ubi nonnihil ex 
cipitur, sequitur ut cetera concludan- 
tur (?). 
exceptionable: parum probandus, 
improbandus (?): V. OBJECTIONABLE. 
exceptional: rarus: Vv. RARE. 
(More precisely, *quod [nonnisi] contra 
normam s. regulam fit.) 
exceptionally; praeter modum (cf. 
cic. Div. 1, 44, too: “*quum lacus Alba- 
hus p. modum crevisset”). 
excess : {. Zo0 much : 1. ni- 
mium (strictly neut. adj.): the mean 
between ¢. and defect, mediocritas inter 
n. et parum, Cic.: an e. of good, n. boni, 
Cic. (Often the adj. nimius in agreement 
will serve: e. of obstinacy, n. pertinacia, 
Caes.: to go to an e. in anything, ni- 
mium esse in aliqua re, Sic. v. EXCES- 
SIVE.) 9, nimis (adv.: to excess): 
the rule, nothing in e., (ut) ne quid n., 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 34: Cic.: v. TO0O(MUCH). 
8. expr. by siipersum, siipéro: J 
am afraid you will think I exhibit an 
e. of words instead of a deficiency, 
vereor ne mihi verba superesse putes, 
uae dixeram defutura, Cic. Fam. 13, 
3 (also opp. to abesse, Cic. de Or. 2, 25, 
108): wherein defect or e. is alike faulty, 
in quo et deesse aliquam partem et su- 
perare mendosum esi, Cic. de Or, 2, 19, 
83. Simly, by redundo: v. REDUN- 
DANCY. 4, nimiétas (not in Cic.): 
e. of spring fodder (green-meat), n. 
verni pabuli, Col. 6, 24, ad init.: Pall: 
Apul. (N.B. Never excessus. See Lat. 
Dict. s. v.) IJ. Sensual indulgence : 
intempérantia, luxiria: Vv. INTEMPE- 
RANCE, 3LUTTONY, DRUNKENNESS. 
excessive: 1. nimius- todie from 
e. joy, n. gaudio exunimari, Liv.: Cic.: 
Caes. 9. immidicus (that exceeds tts 
bounds: not in Cic.): e. cold, im. frigus, 
Ov.: e. and improper freedom, (licence), 
im. et intempestiva libertas, Vell.: with 





exchange (subs.): =|, Theact: per- 
mitiatio (esp. of goods): Ter.: Cic.: v. 
BARTER. Phr.: they agreed to an e, 
of prisoners, *pacti sunt ut captivi inter 
se permutarentur. Il. Gf money: 
collybus: there is loss enough in the e., in 
c. satis detrimenti, Cic. Att. 12, 6, init. : 
v.aGio. Phr.: a foreign bill of e., perh. 


| delegativ peregrina (Vv. CHEQUE): lo give 


any one a bill of e. on Athens, curare 
ut [pecuniae summa) permutetur Athe- 
nas, Cic. Att. 15, 15, fin. Ill. The 
place: *\Orum argentarium (?): or perh. 
basilica: v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict, 
(basilicus). 

exchange (v.): 1, permits, 1: 
you have ed names, Nomina inter vos 
permutastis, Pl. Capt. 3, 5, 19: Jndia 
e.s for these commodities her precious 
stones, India gemmis suis haec p., Plin. 

2, mito, 1: Faunus es Lycaeus for 

Lucretilis, Lucretilem m. Lycaeo Fau- 
nus, Hor. Od. 1, 17, init. (either one of the 
objects of exchange may be in the aec., 
the other being abl.): v. TO CHANGE. 
Phr.: to e. hostages, obsides inter se 
dare, Cic.: to e. letters, *epistolarum 
commercium instituere (Vv. TO CORRE- 
SPpoND): to e. greetings, *inter se salu- 
tare (reciprocity being expr. by inter 
with refl. pron.). 

exchequer ; ], aerarium (the 
public treasury with its contents): an 
impoverished and exhausted €., ae. inops 
atque exhaustum, Cic.: fo impoverish 
the e. [empty the treasury], ae. effun- 
dere, Cic. ‘usc. 3, 20, 48: chancellor of 
the e., praefectus aerario or aerarii, cf. 
Plin. Ep. 3, 4, init. 9. fiscus (under 
the emperors, the imperial privy- purse) : 
to transfer from the national to the 
imperial e., (bona) aerario ablata in fis- 
cum cogere, Tac. A. 6, 2. 3. publi- 
cum (Gr. 76 kowov =uaerarium) : lo sell 
a person's goods and put the proceeds 
into the public e., bona alicujus vendere 
et in publicum redigere, Liv. 4, 15, fim.+ 
ef. Hor. Od. 2, 15, 14: “privatus illis 
census erat brevis, commune magnum.” 
Phr.: the impoverishment of the ¢., 
inopia rei pecuniariae, Cic. ad Br. 1, 18, 
ad fin. 

excise (subs.): 
Porturia are customs. 

excisable: (/) vectigalis (liable oa 
tax of any kind): V. TRIBUTARY. 

exciseman: (portoriorum) exactor: 
cf. Caes. B.C. 3, 32: Vv. TAX-GATHERER. 

excision; exsectio (cutting out with 
a knife): Cic. / 

excitability: __ 1, perh. mobilitas 
or mobilis animus (Liability to be swayed 
this way and that): Vv. FICKLENESS. * 
fervor (warmth, as of youth): V. AB- 
DOUR. 3. expr. by incititio (the 
state of excitement): he possessed groat 
e. of ‘temperament, *ea indvle erat ut 
facile ad incitationem permotionemque 
animi efferretur v. EXCITEMENT. Phr.: 
to be carried away by e. of temper, 
4animi quasi impetu quodam mobili 
fervidoque abripi. v. foll. art. 

excitable : 1, mobilis, e (easily 
wrought upon, changeable): cf. Curt. 

4, cir. med.: “ omnis multitudo mo- 
bili impetu fertur”’: Vv. CHANGEABLE. 

Q, perh. percitus (hasty, full of 

stimulus): an ¢. and high-spirited tem- 
per, ingenium p. ac ferox, Liv. 21. 53, 
med. (more freq. of an actual state of 
excitement: Cic.). 3, fervidus, cali- 
dus: v. ARDENT, FERVID. 4, irrita- 
bilis: Vv. IRRITABLE. Phr.. to be very 
e., *facile impetu quodam animi ferri, 
efferri. 


perh. vectigalia. 


271 





EXCITE 
excite: |. To put into a state of 
excitement : 1, excito, 1 (to stir up, 


Grouse): in calming o- e.ing the minds 
of an audience, in eorum qui audiunt 
mentibus sedandis aut excitandis, Cic. 
de Or. 1,5,17: v. TOSsTIR UP. Join: 
(animos) excitare atque inflammare, Cic. 
2. incito, 1 (usu. to incite, impel to 
Something: also absol.): fo be uncon- 
trollably e.d to enjoyment [of the pas- 
sions], effrenate ad potiundum incitari, 
Cic. Sen. 12, 39: toe. the feelings, ani- 
Mos in. (opp. to sedare), Cic. Or. 19, 63. 
3. concito, 1 (violently): v. TO 
AROUSE, STIR UP. 4, commiveo, 
movi, tum, 2 (to agitate, work upon the 
mind): toe. the mind (i.e. move tt to 
cupidity) more than usual, paulo magis 
animum c., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, 83: v. 
infr. (I1.). 5, Grigo, exi, ectum, 3 (fo 
raise up: hence of e.ing to hope, or a 
similar feeling) : to e. soldiers to valour 
by words of encouragement, milites hor- 
tando ad virtutem e., Sall.: v. To 
AROUSE, 6, exacuo, i, itum, 3 (lit. 
to whet, give edge to): to e. one another 
to the love of immortality, invicem se 
ad amorem immortalitatis ex., Plin. Ep. 
3, 9, fin.: Cic. ‘7, incendo, di, sum, 
3 (to inflame): these (vices) ed the 
yeuth to crime, haec juventutem ad 
facinora incendebant, Sall. Cat. 13, fin. : 
ef, Cie. de Or. 2, 45, 190. Il. Zo goad 
on, instigate against some one: instigo, 
exicuo, stimulos addo, etc. : v. TO INSTI- 
GATE. Ill. Zo cause, bring about ; 
with ref. to any emotion, movement, dis- 
turbance : 1, méveo, movi, tum, 2 
(chiefly of emotions): to e. admiration, 
expectation, laughter, admirationem, ex- 
spectationem, risum m., Cic.: toe. hatred, 
odia m., Virg. 2. commiveo, 2 (like 
moveo, but stronger): to e. compassion, 
misericordiam c., Cic.: to e. a tumult, 
tumultum c., Virg.: v. To DistuRB. 8, 
excito, 1 (to call forth, awaken): to e. 
emotion in the mind, motum in animo 
ex. [opp. to sedare], Cic.: to e. a laugh, 
risum ex., Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 21. 4, con- 
cito, 1 (to stir up: stronger than ex- 
cito): to e. the pity of the people, 
misericordiam populi c., Cie. de Or. 1, 
53, 227 (where the seiise requires an 
intensive term): toe. laughter, risum c., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 235 (where imme- 
diately before, the syn. risum movere 
occurs): to e. sedition, seditionem c., 
Cic.: v. TO STIR UP. 5, conflo, 1 
(a strong expr.; lit., to blow together, as 
im a smelting furnace: esp. of what is 
evil): to e. odium against any one, invi- 
diam alicui c., Cic.: Vell.: Flor. 6. 
facio, féci, factum, 3 (to produce): toe. 
great admiration for a person, ingentem 
alicujus admirationem f., Liv.: Cic.: v. 
TC CAUSE. 
excited ; commotus, incitatus, ete. : 
Vv. TOFXCITE (1.). (N.B. Not excitatus 
of persons.) . 
excitement: |. State of agita- 
tion: 1, commitio: pleasurable bo- 
dily e., c. suavis Jucunditatis in corpore, 
Cic, Fin. 2, 4, 13: ¢. of mind, c. animi, 
Ci..: Quint. 2. concitatio (rather 
stronger than preced.): to be free from 
every e. of mind, omni c. animi [quam 
perturbationem vocoj vacare, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
16, 48: Liv. (who uses it of anger, 9, 7, 
med.). 3, perturbatio (disorderly or 
uncontrolled feeling): Cic. (v. supr 2). 
4, impétus, us (a sudden impul- 
sive emotion): under the influence of 
angry e.,impetu et ira, Tac. Ger. 25: 
under the influence of momentary e., 
repentino quodam [quasi vento] i. animi 
incitatus, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49. Phr.- ix 


a state of e., commotus, animo incitatus, | 


etc.: Vv. TO EXCITE. I]. That which 
excites: incitamentum, stimulus (esp. 
in pl.), concitamentum: v. INCITEMENT 

exciter: concitator (/. concitatrix, 
Plin.), Liv.: Hirt. See also FIREBRAND 
(fig.). 

Bae: perh. trépidus (alarmed 
hence causing alarm): so e. (alarming) 
a letter, tam t. literae, Curt. 7, 1, ad 
fim.: Just. (Usu. bet*er expr. by cir- 
cuml,: io seek e. pleasures, *incitamenta 

272 


EXCLUSIVENESS 


EXCUSE 





voluptatum quaerere: a most strange 
and e. adventure, *casus insolitus et 
qui animum timore, admiratione sus- 
pensum teneat.) 
exclaim : 1, clamo, 1: v. TO crY 
OUT. 9. exclamo, 1: to e. with a 
very loud voice, maxima voce ex., Pl.: 
I can’t help e.ing, non possum quin ex- 
clamem, Pl.: I am inclined to e., mihi 
libet exclamare, Cic. N. D. 1,6, 13. 3, 
conclamo, 1 (of anumber ; toe together): 
Caes.: Cic.: Virg. 4, acclimo, 1 (in 
Cic. to e. against: with dat.): ef. Cic. 
Br. 73, 256: v. TO CRY OUT AGAINST. 
B succlamo, I (to e. in answer to) : 
as he thus spoke, the multitude e.'d in 
reply that they ...., haec vociferanti s. 
multitudo se, etc., Liv. 3, 50: Brut. in 
Cic. Fam. 11, 13 (where it is used 
impers., succlamatum est). 6, cla- 
mito, 1 (frequently, with agitation) : 
Cic.: Liv. 7, vociféror, 1 ( passion- 
ately, vehemently): Decius ed, where 
were they flying to, v. Decius, quo fu- 
gerent, Liv. to, 28: Cic. 
exclamation: 1, vox, vocis, f. 
(any saying or cry): an e. (or expres- 
sion) of grief, doloris v., Cic. Plan. 14, 
34: Vv. CRY (subs.). 2. exclamatio : 
an e. of surprise, complaint, admira- 
tionis, conquestiunis ex., Cic. Or. 39, 135. 
(But from Auct. Her. 4, 15, 22, it ap- 
pears that the word has a wider signifi- 
cation than the Eng., including any kind 
of appeal.) 8, clamor: v. SHOUT, 
cry (subs.). 4, conclamatio (of num- 
bers together): Tac.: Sen. (Caes. has 
it=acclamations, B. C. 2, 26). 
exclamatory: clamosus (attended 
et loud cries, noisy): Quint.: Auct. 
er. 
exclude: 1, exclido, si, sum, 3: 
to e. the glowing beams, ex. fervidos 
ictus, Hor. (v. TO SHUT OUT): toe. from 
the commonwealth, a republica ex., [dis- 
trahere, segregare], Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 29° 
also with abl. alone, id. Agr. 2, 22, 60. 
2, arceo, 2 (to keep off, debar) : the plane- 
tree es the rays of the sum, platanus 
solem a., Plin.: to e. a person from par- 
ticipation in sacred rites, aliquem sacris 
a, Liv. 8, prohibeo, 2: v. TO DEBAR. 
4, réméveo, movi, tum, 2 (to set 
aside as not needed): to e. (certain 
things) from a speech, secernere et ex 
oratione r., Cic.: Vv. TO WITHDRAW. 
5, eximo, mi, emptum, 3 (not to 
include in): toe. from the category of 
the blest, numero beatorum ex., Hor. : 
to e. (banish) goodwill from nature, ex. 
ex rerum natura benevolentiae con- 
junctionem, Cic. 6. expr. by extra 
with acc. (esp. in formal language) : the 
island Cephalonia to be ed from the 
treaty, Cephallenia insula ut e. jus 
foederis sit, Liv. 38, 9; ib. 11. Phr.: 
to e. from religious observances, sacris 
(alicui) interdicere, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 
med.: Liv.: fear e.s pity, timor miseri- 
cordiam non recipit, Cic. (v. To ADMIT). 
exclusion: 1, exclisio, Ter.: 
itr. 2. interdictio (cf. preced. art. 
Jin.) : e. from territories, i. fininm, Liv. 
3. oftener expr. by verb: by the e, 
of some and admission of others, *aliis 
exclusis, aliis receptis: v. TO EXCLUDE. 
exclusive: |. Znaccessible to in- 
tercourse: Phr.: he is very e. (in his 





acquaintances), paucorum (perpaucorum, 
Ter.) hominnm (est), Hor. S. 1, 9, 44: 
they (the decemvirs) were e. (difficult of 
access), rari aditfis, [colloquentibus dif- 
ficiles], Liv. 3, 36, ad init, I]. Be- 
tonging to some in particular, to the 
exclusion of others: proprius: v. PECU- 
LIAR. 
exclusively: 1, solum, nonnisi: 
Vv. ONLY. 2, expr. by proprius, sdlus- 
that is not the fault of old-age e., id non 
| proprium senectntis est vitium, Cic 
*ejus culpae senectus sola non est affinis 
(v. PECULIAR, SOLE): simly, by unus: 
by my exertions e., mea unius opera, 
Cic. - Vv. ALONE. 
exclusiveness: Phr.: he was dis- 
hked for his e., *quod tam paucos in 
familiaritatem admisit, invidiosum ei 
fuit. 
| 





excogitate: excdgito, 1: v. TO 
DEVISE. Z i ii 
excommunicate: 1, interdico, 


xi, ctum, 3 (to pass sentence of exclusion 
upon : the nearest class. word) : usu. with 
dat. of person, and abl. of that from 
which : int. sacris, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 
med. (where the nature of such excom- 
munication among the Celts is de- 
scribed): v. TO INTERDICT. 9. ex- 
communico, 1: Hier.: M. L. (best word 
as ¢. t.). 8. expr. by éjicio, excliide 
extermino (with ecclesia) ; v. TO EXPEL. 

excommunication: excommini- 
catio, Aug. Phr.: those under sen- 
tence of ¢., quibus interdictum est, Caes. 
(v. preced. art.). 

excoriate: attéro, iro, périro: v. 
TO GALL. 

excoriation: intertrigo, inis, /. 
(from riding, etc.): esp. pl.: Plin. 

excrement: i.e. ordure: 1. ex- 
crementa (with or without corporis), 
Plip. 2, stercus, dris, n.: Vv. DUNG. 

excrescence: 1, expr. by ex- 
cresco, vi, tum, 3: he had an e. on his 
side, excreverat in latere ejus caro, Suet. 
Gal. 21: arsenic removes ¢.s, arsenicum 


quidquid ex, tollit, Plin. Esp. in pl. by 
part., excrescentia, Plin. 2. excré- 
mentum (v. rare): Sidon. 3, tiiber, 


éris, N.: V. PROTUBERANCE 

excretion: of the nose excrémentum 
narium, Tac. 

excruciating (adj.): — 1, cruicia- 
bilis, e fare: Gell. (Crucians [dolor] 
in Cic, Tusc. 4, 8, 18, is simply distress- 
ing.) 2. [magnus], maximus: to 
suffer e. pain from gout, doloribus po- 
dagrae cruciari maximis, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
19, 45- (Acerbissimus dolor occurs in 
Cic., but of mental not physical suffer- 
ing.) Phr.: when his sufferings were 
perfectly e., quum quasi faces ei doloris 
admoverentur, Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61: to 
suffer e. torments, (incredibiles) cruci- 
atus et (indignissima) tormenta pati, 
Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 6 

exculpate: 1, purgo, 1 (to clear 
of guilt): to e. oneself to any one, se ali- 
cui p., Cic.: they send an embassy to e. 
themselves, purgandi sui causa legatos 
mittunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 9. 2. ex- 
purgo, 1 (less freq.): Cic.: Tac. 3: 
exctiso, I: V. TO EXCUSE. 4. expr. 
by culpa and a verb: as, culpa aliquem 
liberare, Cic. Pl. 21, 523; ab aliquo 
culpam amovere, Liv. 4, 41, med.: ali- 
quem ex culpa eximere, Cic. Inv. 2, 7, 
24: to be ed, a culpa esse remotum, 
Cic. Mur. 35, 73: V. FAULT, BLAME, 
(Satisfacere is to make amends.) 

exculpation: purgatio, Cic.: Ter. 
(Or expr. by verb v. preced. art.) 

exculpatory: Phr.. e. remarks, 
*quae apta sunt ad culpam ab aliquo 
amovendam: v. TO EXCULPATE. 

excursion: *iter [voluptatis, animi 
causa susceptum]: v. JOURNEY. Phr.; 
to make an e. (to a place), (?) excurrere, 
cf. Cic. Att. 10, 15, fin. 

excusable: 1, exctisatus (not so 
in Cic.): Tam the more e., if perchance 
T have erred, hoc ego excusatior, si forte 
lapsus sum, Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 11: Sen. 

Q. exciisabilis, e: Ov.: Val. Max. 
3, expr. by ignosco; cui (vitio) 

ignoscas, Hor. S. 1, 4,131: V. TO EXCUSE, 
PARDON. 4, expr. by exciisatio: to 
be lawfully e., legitimam ex. habere, 
Cic. Phil. 5, 5, 14 (see the place): v. 
EXCUSE (subs.), See also PARDONABLE. 

excusably : exciisaté, Quint.: Tac. 


Plin. Ep. 
excuse (v.): |. To tender an e.: 
1, exciiso, 1: to e. oneself to an- 
other, se alicui (also apud aliquem) ex., 
Cic.: Caes. Often with acc. of that 
which forms the ground of excuse: to 
ex. oneself on the ground of illness, mor- 
bum ex., Cic.: Caes. Less freq. with 
acc. of the ground of excuse: to ez. 
oneself from doing something: e. g., 
from acting as advocate, ex. alicui 
advocationem, Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 2. >: 
purgo, expurgo, 1: V. TO EXCULPATE, 
Il. Zo admit as excusable ; i: 
ignosco, novi, tum, 3 (with dat.): I 


hope you will ex. my writing to you, 


EXCUSE 





velim mibi ignoscas quod ad te scribo, 
Cic.: Hor.: v. TO FORGIVE, PARDON. 
Q. expr. by vénia with a verb: I 

beg you to e. my error, if error tt be, 
peto ut errori (si quis est error) v. 
tribuas, Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 10: simly, with 
dare, concedere: v. INDULGENCE, FOR- 
GIVENESS. 

excuse (subs.): 1, exciisatio (the 
act of malcing excuse, or the plea itself) : 
it is no ex. jor an offence if ...., nulla 
est ex. peccati si, etc, Cic. Am. 11, 37: 
wu, satisfactory ex., satis justa ex., Cic. 5 
also justa et idonea ex., Cic. Fam. 16, 
“5. 2, expr. by exciso (to plead in 
excuse): to put forward the ex. of 
poverty, inopiam ex., Caes.: v.TO EX- 
cusE (1.). 3, (in some constr.) vénia: 
which does not admit of ex., cui nulla 
¥. proponitur [ for which no indulgence 
can be shown), Cic.: V. PARDON. 
latébra (a false ex.): Vv. PRETEXT. 

execrable: néfarius, détestabilis: 
V. ABOMINABLE. 

execrably : pessimé, néfarié: v. 
BADLY. Phr.: e. hoarse (colloq.), male 
raucus, Hor. S. 1, 4, 66. 

execrate; détestor, exsecror: v TO 


CURSE. 
(in pl.) 


_execration : 
dirae : v. CURSE. 
execute: |. To carry out, fulfil : 
1, exséquor, ciitus, 3: to €. a com- 
mission, mandata ex., Cic.: toe. a decree 
or sentence, decretum ex., Ulp. Dig. 43, 
4, 3; also judicatum, judicium, seuten- 
tiam ex., v. Forcell. s. v. 2. per- 
sequor, 3 (to the end, completely) : care- 
y to e. a commission, mandata dili- 
genter p., Cic.: v. TO PERFORM. a 
perficio, 3: v. TO ACCOMPLISH. Il. 
To inflict capital punishment upon : 
1. expr. by supplicium and a verb: 
supplicio capitis afficere, Suet. Gal. 12 
(or without capitis, Caes. B. G. 1, 27); 
supplicium sumere (de aliquo), Sall. Cat. 
503; ad supplicium dare, Nep. Paus. jin. 
See also PUNISHMENT. 9. néco, 1 
(usu. of a cruel, violent death): (lostu- 
mius) e.d his own son, filium suum se- 
curi necavit, Gell. 17, 21, med.: Sall. 
Cat. 52, ad jin. Usu. the mode of ex- 
ecution is specified; as, securi ferire, 
gulam (alicui) frangere: v. TO BEHEAD, 
STRANGLE, etc. II]. Of works of art; 
to produce: 1, facio, 3: he ed (a 
painting of) Neoptolemus oie horseback, 
fecit Neoptolemum ex equo, ete., Plin. 
35, 10, 36: to e. a statue, statuam f., 
Plin. 2, expr. by pingo, sculpo 
(scalpo), exprimo, etc.: v. TO PAINT, 
SCULPTURE, ENGRAVE, etc. 
execution : |. The act of carry- 
ing out: 1, expr. by verb: to see to 
the e. of commands, *mundata exse- 
quenda, persequenda curare: v. TO EX- 
ECUTE (I.). 2, exséciitio (¢. g. insti- 
tuti operis): Plin.: Tac. Phr.: there 
is need of prompt e., opus est mature 
facto, Sall. Cat. 1: the scheme was con- 
trived at Larinum, its e. was trans- 
ferred to Rome, ratio excogitata Larini 
est, res translata Romam, Cic. Clu. 13, 
36. ‘|. Capital punishment: Phr.: 
to be led away to e., ad mortem duci, 
Cic. : to attend an e., *supplicio (capitis) 
sumendo adesse; or simply, supplicio 
adesse (Vv. TO ATTEND): on account of 
the e. of ...., propter supplicium sump- 
tum de ....: V. TO EXECUTE. ff], De- 
struction: caedes, strages: V. SLAUGHTER, 
HAVOC, IV. Legal: perb. bonorum 
emptio (sale of a debtor’s property: v. 
Dict. Ant, s. v.), 0 bonorum venditio, 
relatively to the debtor himself, Gai. 2, 
154. Phr.: to levy ane. upon a person, 
bona alicujus distrahere, Ulp. Dig. 3, 5, 
3, § 9: to have an e. levied upon oneself, 
rerum possessionem [aut venditionem] 
pati, Ulp Dig. Ll. c. § 1. V. Rapidity 
of performance, in works of art, etc. : 
céléritas, ayilitas: v. SPEED, AGILITY. 
executioner : 1, carnifex, Icis, 
m. (of slaves or foreigners: see Smith’s 
Dict. Ant. s. v.): PL: Cic. (who uses the 
term by way of reproach, of a lictor, 
Verr. 5, 45, 118). 2. vindex rei 


exsecratio, 










EXEMPT 


EXERT 





capitalis: Sall. Cat. 55 (where the ref. is 
to the triumviri capitales). (N.B. In 
early times the punishment of death was 
inflicted by the lictors ; Liv. 2, 5: “ missi 
lictores ad sumendum supplicium.” Ex- 
actor supplicii is a judge who exacte the 
penalty: Liv. Lc.) Phr.: t die by 
the hands of the e., poenas morte dare, 
ultimum supplicium subire (v. PUNISH- 
MENT); if by beheading, secur feriri: 
Vv. TO BEHEAD, HANG, ele. 

executive: Phr.: the e. department 
(o/ a state), *1i quibus legum adminis- 
trandarum cura est; penes quos est cu- 
ratio et administratio rerum (I. and A.). 

executor: toa will: *exséciitor (not 
class. in this sense): cf. Vell. 2, 45, init. 
(The familiae emptor was properly an 
executor, but his office became a torm : 
Gai. 2, 103.) 

executorship : 
quendi munus. 

exegesis: interprétatio: v. mrer- 
PRETATION. 

exegetical: *exégéticus, M. L. 
(N.B. Only as t. t.) 

exemplar: exemplar, aris, ”.: v. 
PATTERN. 

exemplarily : égrégié, optime, cum 
summa laude: v. EXCELLENTLY. 

exemplary: égrégius, eximius: v. 
EXCELLENT. 

exemplification : 
EXAMPLE. 

exemplify ; expr. by exemplum, ex- 
emplar: (this) he has well e.’d in Ulysses, 
utile proposuit nobis exemplar (more 
usu. exemplum) Ulyssem, Hor. Ep. 1, 
2, 18: Esop has ed (the lesson) thus, 
Aesopus nobis hoc exemplum prodidit, 
Phaedr. 1, 3: I will briefly e. both 
truths, utriusque exemplum breviter 
exponam rei, Phaedr, 3, 10,2. Phr.: 
the story e.s the passions of kings and 
peoples, fabula regum et populorum 
continet aestus, Hor. Ep. 5 2, 8: this 
story €.8 how ..., hac re probatur quan- 
tum, etc., Phaedr. 1, 13, fin. 

exempt (i-): 1, lévo, 1 (to relieve 
of a burden: with acc. and abl.): he 
e’d the domain land from paying a 
tax, agrum publicum vectigali levavit, 
Cic.: V. TO RELIEVE. 
set free: same constr.): Vv. TO FREE. 

3, excipio, cépi, céptum, 3 (not to 

include): Cic.: v. TO EXCEPT. 


*testamenti exse- 


exemplum: v. 


eximo, émi, emptum, 3 (to take out of 


the case of: foll. by acc. and abl. with 
prep. or dat.): Q. Fabius is not e.’d 


Q. Fabius, Liv. 8, 35, med.: but Cic. 
prefers ex with abl. (N.B.—De vecti- 
galibus eximi, in Cic. Phil. 2, 39, ror, is 
to be taken from the national exchequer, 
not to be ed from taxation, as in R. 
and A.) 5, expr. by imminis, im- 


from every burden, ab omni onere im- 
munes praestare, Suet. Cl. 25. med. : he 
wishes you kindly to e. the lands which 
pay rents from doing so, agros fructu- 
arios vult tuo beneficio immunes esse, 
Cic. Fam. 8, 9, fin.: to e. a state from 
burdens, (civitati) immunitatem _ tri- 


tates dare (absol.), Cic. Pam. 12, 1 (im. 
tribuere implies the concession of a rea- 
sonable claim; im. dare, donare, a grant 
of favour: cf. Suet. Gal. 15): see also 
EXEMPT (adj.), EXEMPTION, Phr.: he 
e.’d the Itians from tribute for ever, 
lliensibus tributa in perpetuum remisit, 
Suet. Cl. 25, med. 

exempt (adj.): 1, imminis, e 
(not liable to burdens or duties): in Cic. 
usu. absol., as agri im. liberique, i.e. 
Free from every kind of burden: also 
foll. by abl., with prep., as ab omni 
onere im., Suet. Cl. 25; without prep., 
as militidim., Liv. 1, 43, med.; or with 
gen., as portoriorum im., Liv, 38, 44, 
med. : ‘Vac. 9, viicuus (void of, clear 
from: usu. foll. by abl. with or without 
ab; less freq. by gen.): a mind e. from 
all care, animus y. ab omni cura, Cic. 
(v. yor OF): e. from punishment and 
tribute, v. a securibus et tributis, Tac. 
A. 12, 34: but a tributi v., ib. 61. 


2. libéro, x (to | 


From punishment, non noxae eximitur | 


minitas, and a verb: ¢éo e. (a people) | 


buere, lac, A. 12, 613; simly, immuni-| 


| 











3, expers: Vv. DESTITUTE or. Join: 
vacuus, expers, svlutus ac liber {ab 
omni sumptu, munere, molestia}, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 10, 23. 4, privatus (with 
abl.): e. from all suffering, p. dolore 
omni, Lucr. Pbhr.- @ soldier e. from 
Jurther service, emeritus, Tac.; miles 
vacans (a supernumerary), T'rebell. 

exemption: 1, imminitas (from 
burdeis): to grant e.s, im. dare, donare, 
tribuere (v. TO EXEMPT, 5): used absol 
of e. from tazes, Suet. Aug. 40, med.: 
Cic.: and with depend. gen., in other 
cases: es from punishments, malorum 
im., Lampr. 2. viacatio (esp. from 
military service, militiae v., Cues. B.G 
6, 14): e. on the ground of age, v. aetatis, 
Nep. Att. 7. In gen. sense, ¢. Jromevery 
responsibility, omnium v. munerum, 
Cics (Nw D.ga;. 20,' 53:° Sen. ie 
vacuitas (freedom from): freedom and 
e. from all annoyance, liberatio et v. 
omnis molestiae, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37: 
also with ab and abl., v. ab angoribus, 
id. Off. 1, 21, 73. Phr.: to enjoy e. 
Jrom, immunem, vacuum esse: V. EX- 
EMPT (ad).). 

exercise (subs.): |. Physical: 

1, exercitatio: Cic. Join; motus 
atque ex., Cic. Div. 2, 10, 26. 9. mo- 
tus, is (motion of any kind): to be 
debarred from é., a corporis m. removeri, 
Nep. Eum. 5: Cic. (v. supr-). 3. 
ambulatio (by walking): Cic. Fin. 5, 


1, init.: Vv. WALK. 4, gestatio (by 
riding, driving): gentle, vigorous, 
violent e., g. lenis, acris, vehemens, 
Cels.: Sen. (N.B.—Both the latter 


words are also used of a place for taking 
e.) 5, vectatio (like gestatio): horse 
e., equi v., Suet. Cal. 3. 6, palaestra 
(athletic): v. Gymnastics. Phr.: & 
take e., ambulare (walking), gestari 
(riding): v. TO WALK, RIDE, etc. ll. 
Esp. of soldiers : 1, exercitium : 
sword e., (palorum, ad palum) ex., Veg. 
I, 11: cf. ib. 13, 14 (the palus was a 
post at which the passes were made). 
Q, méditatio: Veg. 1, 11, fin. 3. 
exercitatio: v. DRILL. Phr.: to puta 
recruit through his sword e., tironem ad 
palum exercere, Veg. I, 14: to go through 
the sword e, (with a real sword), gladio 
se exercere, Veg. I, II. {Ij. In gen. 
sense, practice: exercitatio, Cic.: v. 
PRACTICE. IV. Discharge, fulfilment 
of an office: functio (rare): Cic. Usu. 
better expr. by phr.: to interfere with 
a magistrate in the e. of his office, *ma- 
gistratum impedire quominus munere 
suo fungatur: this J do in the e. of my 
authority as consul, *baec consul facio 
cf. Cic. Cat. 1, init. V. A set task or 
composition : 1, théma, Atis, n.: cl 
Quint. 4, 2, 28: Sen. Contr. 9, de- 
clamatio (rhetorical): ef. Juv. 10, 167. 
3, *exercitativ: cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 
67, fin. 
exercise (v.): A, Trans: |. 
To give employment to in order to dis- 
ctpline: exerceo, 2: lo e. the body, the 
memory, corpus, Memoriam ex., Cic.: to 
be e.d (disciplined) in logic, in dialectica 
exerceri, Cic. Br. go, 309: to e. recruits, 
tirenes ex., Veg. I, I1. V. TO DRILL. 
{]. Zo carry on, discharge, exert: 
], exerceo, 2: to e. the profession 
of physic, medicinam ex., Cic.: (0 & the 
right of conquest, jus victoris ex., Flor. 
3, 7, fim.: V. TO CARRY ON, PRACTISE, 
9. exhibeo, 2 (not so in Cic.): & e. 
authority, imperium ex., Pl. Cas. 2, 6 
57: Plin. jun.: Vv. To EXHIBIT. 3 
célébro, 1 (to attend to regularly): we 
jurisdiction, jurisdictionem c., Liv. 6 
32, init.: ct. Cic. de Or. 1, I, 2: artes 
celebrare atque reculere. 4, fungor, 3° 
Vv. TO DISCHARGE. II]. Yo distress, 
afflict: vexo, 1: V. TO HARASS. : 
Intrans,: exerceor, 2: Veg.: v 
supr. (A.). 
exercised (part. adj.): exercitatus 
(e. g. miles, Veg.): V. PRACTISED. 
exert: |. Zo put forth, bring into 
operation : 1, exerceo, exhibeo, 2: 
Vv. TO EXERCISE (I1.). 9. dtr, isus, 
3 (with abl.): to e. activity, alacritate 
u., Caes. B. G. 4, 24, fim. (al. niti): Vv, 
273 


EXERTION 


EXHIBITION 


EXISTENCE 





TO USE, EMPLOY. (Plin. jun. has jus 
exserere, Ep. 8, 7, 2, but no earlier 
writer.) Il. To strain; esp. with 
refl. pron. or something belonging to 
the subject as object: 1, contendo, 
di, tum, 3: toe. all one’s powers, omnes 
nervos c., Cic. Fat. 10, 20: Vv. TO STRAIN. 
2. laboro, 1 (intrans., to tuke pains, 
e. oneself): to e. oneself to prevent some- 
thing being done, 1. ne quid fiat, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 57, fin.: also with in or de, and 
abl. of that about which: v. TO LABOUR. 
8. nitor, énitor, sus and xus, 3 (to 
use effort): to e. all one’s energy to pre- 
vent, summa ope niti,ne..., Sall. Cat. 
I, tnit.: Cie.: v. TO STRIVE. Phr.: to 
e. oneself begond one’s strength, se supra 
vires extendere, Liv. 34, 4: to e. the 
voice too much, voci nimis imperare, 
Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6: to e. all one's influ- 
ence on behalf of some one, pro aliquo 
summis opibus pugnare, Caes. (Vv. TO 
STRUGGLE), 
exertion: 1. contentio (a strain- 
ing of the powers): by great e.s he pre- 
vented (the bill) being carried, magnis c. 
obtinuit ne perferretur, Liv. 41, 6: Cic. 
9. intentio (like preced., but usu. 


foll. by depend. gen.): v. STRAINING 
(subs.). V. EFFORT. 
exfoliate: med. ¢. ¢.: expr. by 


squama, Cels. 8, 3, ad fin.: squamam 
remittere (R. and A.). The bone €s, 
ossi s. abscedit; ab osse s. recedit, comp. 
Cels. 1. ¢. 


exfoliation: expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art. x 
exhalation: J. Zhe act or pro- 


cess uf exhaling: expr. by verb: v. TO 
EXHALE. Il. That which is exhaled: 
1, exhalatio: e.s from the earth, 
terrae exhalationes, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43: 
Plin.: Sen. 2. halitus, as (esp. 
poet.): an e. rising from the dark 
mouth (of Avernus), h. atris faucibus 
effundens sese, Virg.: Val. Fl.: Sen. 
8. aspiratio (?): ef. Cic. Div. 1, 26, 
79. 4, expr. by exhalo, 1: it is ce~ 
tain that a damp e. rises from the earth, 
humidam a terra exhalari caliginem cer- 
tum est, Plin. 2, 42, 42: all kinds of e.s, 
*quaecunque [a terra] exhalantur: v. 
TO EXHALE. 5, vapor (esp. a warm 
e.): e. from earth, terrenus v., Sen. N. Q. 
2, 13, 4: cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 118 : to dread 
nightly e.s, mocturnos v. formidare, 
Hor. Phr.: there is an e. from both 
(land and water), utraque ex se reddit 
aliquid, Sen. N. Q. 1. c.: v. EVAPORA- 
TION. 
exhale: 1, exhalo, 1 (lo give 
forth: in Cic. only fig.): to e. mist, 
smoke, nebulam, fumum ex., Virg. In 
pass., aS vreflect.: mists e. from the 
ground, nebulae exhalantur humo, Ov. 
Q, halo, 1 (both trans. and intrans. : 
poet.): to e. a nectarean odour, nectar 
naribus h., Lucr. 2, 847: gardens e.ing 
(redolent with) flowers, floribus halantes 
horti, Virg. G. 4, 109. 3, émitto, 3: 
Vv. TO EMIT. 4. spargo, 3: Vv. TO DIF- 
FUSE. 5, exspiro, 1 (poet.): fumes 
e. (from Avernus), ex. halitus, Val. Fl. : 
v. TO BREATHE FORTH. 6, respiro, 1 
(poet.): Stat. (trans.). 


exhaust: |. Zo draw off the en- 
tire contents of: 1, exhaurio, si, 
stum, 3: to e. the treasury, aerarium 


ex., Cic.; also, ommem pecuniam ex 
aerario ex., Cic. Agr. 2, 36, 98: v. To 
EMPTY. Q, abstmo,}: v. TO CONSUME. 

8. (in pass.) déficio, 3 (to be or be- 
come e.’d): v.TOFAIL. Phr.: (fig.): so 
that the patience of some was e.’d, ut 
quidam patientiam rumperent, Suet. 
Tib. 24: that the patience of the hearer 
may not be e.’d, ne qui audiat defati- 
getur, Cic. (v. TO TIRE OUT). To 
treat a subject completely: Phr.: the 
question has been e.’d, toti quaestioni 
abunde satisfactum est, Cic. (cf. pro- 
fligata jam haec et paene ad exitum 
adducta quaestio est, Cic. ‘lusc. 5, 6, 
15): toe. a subject in a speech, *omnia 
accurate exponere; nibil intactum re- 
linquere (R. and A.); *totam rem accu- 
ratissime plenissimeqne tractare. il. 
To wear out the strength of : debilito, 

74 


——— 





défatigo, conficio: v. TO WEAR OUT, EN- 
FEEBLE, WEARY. See also foll. art. 
exhausted (part. adj.): |, _Hav- 
ing lost virtue or good qualities : effetus : 
e. land, e. ager, Virg.: an e. frame, e. 
corpus, Cic. |]. Tived out, having lost 
strength; from whatever cause: abs 
confectus: e. with wounds, vulneribus 
c., Caes.: (troops) weary and e., fessi 
eque, Liv.: an e. (worn out) and 
wounded gladiator, gladiator c. et sau- 
cius, Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24. 9. défessus 
(quite spent, tired out): e. by the length 
of the battle, d. diuturnitate proelii, 
Caes.: fresh men succeed to those that 
are e., recentes defessis succedunt, Caes. : 
Cic.: Vv. WEARY. 3. défectus (not in 


Cic.): Phaedr.: Col: v. WORN OUT. 
4, lassus: v. WEARY. See also 
foll. art. 


exhausted, to be, or become: 
1, expr. by déficio, 3 (in connexion 
with vires): when the standard-bearer 
was getting e., quum aquilifer a viribus 
deficeretur, Caes. B. C. 3, 64: but the 
act. is more freq.: owr men were getting 
e., nostris (al. nostros) vires lassitudine 
deficiebant, Caes. B. C. 2, 41: v. TO 
FAIL. 9. langueo, 2 (less strong than 
the Eng.): v. FATIGUED, TO BE. 3! 
fatisco, 3 (not in Cic.): to be e. by (cer- 
tain) crops (of soil), segetibus f., Col. 2, 
14: to be e. by privation and toil, per 
inopiam et labores f., Tac. (N.B— ‘The 
comp. defetiscor is exceedingly rare, ex- 
cept in p. part. defessus: v. preced. art. 
Il. 4) 4, expr. by pass. of fatigo, 
défatigo: v. TO WEARY. 
exhaustion: 1, expr. by verb: 
on account of the e. of the treasury, 
*propter exhaustum aerarium: fo re- 
medy the e. of the soil, *agrum fatis- 


centem, cujus vis absumpta est, re- 
creare: v. preced. artt. 9. lassiido, 
langnor: Vv. FATIGUE. 3. deéfectio 


virinm (failure of strength, as in old 
age): Cic. 4, expr. by défessus, 
confectns, lassus (% @ state of 2.): v. 
EXHAUSTED. 
exhaustless: 
HAUSTIBLE. 
exhibit: |. Yo expose to view: 
1. propono, pésui, itum, 3 ( pub- 
licly): toe. any thing for sale, aliquid 
venale p., Cic.: he used to e. his finished 
works to passers by, opera perfecta pro- 
ponebat transeuntibus, Plin. 2. ex- 
pono, 3 (to bring out to view, whether 
publicly or not): he e.’d (brought out) 
his Samian ware, exposuit vasa Samia, 
Cic. Mur. 36, 75. Fig.: toe. one’s virtue 
Jor imitation, virtutem imitandam ex., 
Cic.: v. TO SET FORTH. 3, exhibeo, 
2 (esp. to show and make good in court: 
Vv. TO PRODUCE) : to e. (pr sent) a memor- 
able spectacle, memorabile spectaculum 
ex., Plin. Ep. 2, 1,1. In Suet. of public 
shows, Ner. 12. 4, facio, féci, factum, 
3 (of the magistrate who e.s games): to 
e. most magnificent games, ludos mag- 
nificentissimos f., Cic. Join: (ludos) 
facere atque ceiebrare, Cic. Harusp. 12, 
24. 5, do, idi, itum, 3 (of spectacles, 
etc.: appy. not in Cic.): to e. hunts, 
games, shows, venationes, ludos, spec- 
tacula e., Suet. Ner. 11, 12, ete. 6. 
do, dédi, datum, 1: esp. with munus 
(gen. term for shows, games, etc.): toe. 
magnificent games, munus magnificum 
d., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8, fin. (Cic. has also 
munus praebere, Sull. 19, 54): Suet. 
|]. Zo manifest : 1, praesto, 1: 
to e. dutiful affection to parents, p. 
pietatem parentibus Cic.: v. To sHow. 
2. exhibeo, 2 (not so in Cic.): 
to e. kindly feeling to any one, humani- 
tatem alicui ex., Plin. Ep. 5, r9, 2: Suet. 
3. ostento, I: V. TO DISPLAY. 
exhibition: |. The act of ex- 
hibiting: expr. by verb: to humour the 
people by the e. of games, *iudis editis, 
ludos edendo, populo gratificari, etc.: v. 
TO EXHIBIT. Il. That which is ex- 


infimitus: Vv. INEX- 


hibited : 1. spectacilum: v. sPEc- 
TACLE, SHOW. 2, lidi, minus: v. 
GAMES. Phr.: ane. of works of art, 


tabulae et signa propalam collocatae, cf. 


Cic. de Or. 1 35, 161; *artiticiorum ex- | expr. by sum: to disbelieve the « @f 








positio: as t.#.(@) —_ I, Annual pay- 
ment: *exhibitio: cf. Ulp. Dig. 27, 2, 


3,9 3. 

EAS ode. hilaro, exhilaro: v. To 
CHEER. i 

exhilarating (a4j.): sometimes 
laetus: V. CHEERFUL, ENCOURAGING. Or 
expr. by verb: the morning air ts ez- 
tremely e., *imprimis exhilarant animos 
aurae matutinae: V TO CHEER, EN- 
LIVEN. 

exhilaration: hiliritas, gaudia: v. 
CHEERFULNESS, JOY. 

exhort; hortor, 1 (to urge nm @ 
friendly manner): Join: hortari et 
suadere, Cic.: hortari et monere, Suet. : 
Vv. TO URGE, ADVISE. ‘lhe comps. ad- 
hortor, céhortor, also freq. occur; the 
latter esp. in the case of generals ad- 
dressing their troops: Caes.: Cic.: v. 
TO ENCOURAGE. (Exhortor, Vulg. Rom. 
xii. 8, ete.: but the word is unclass.) 

exhortation: mdnitus, modnitio, 
hortatio: v. ADVICE. (Exhortatio, Vulg., 
but not class.) 

exhume; éruo, 3: v. TO DIG (2). 

exisuiedy 1, nécessitas: as 

exigency § often as I consider the e. 
of our position, quotiens n. nostram in- 
tueor, Tac. Agr. 30: Cic.: V. NECESSITY. 

2, angustiae: Vv. STRAITS, DIFFI- 


CULTY. 3, tempus (critical time): 
Vv. EMERGENCY. 
exile (subs.) : |. 4 person exiled : 


1, exsul (exul), lilis, c. (gen. term): 
Cic.: Liv. 2. profigus (one who has 
to fly from his country, an outlaw): 
Virg.: Ov. 3, extorris (strictly 
adj.): V. EXILED. Phr.: to be ane. 
exsulare, Cic.: Liv. I]. The state or 
penalty of an exile: 1. exsilium 
(exil-) : to punish any one with e., ali- 
quem exsilio multare, afficere, Cic.: to 
drive into e., in ex. ejicere, pellere, Cic. : 
to go into e., in ex, ire, proficisci, Cic.: 
to be in e., in ex. esse, Cic.: to recal 
from e., de ex, reducere, Cic.; de ex. 
revocare, Liv, 2. fuga (chiefly poet. 
and late): to order punishment of e. and 
death, fugas et caedes jubere, Tac. A. 
14, 64: Ov. Join: exsilium et fuga, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 9. 8. rélegatio (mild 
form of e.): Cic.: Liv. Phr.: to go 
into e., solum vertere, Cic. Caec. 34, 
roo (exsilii causa is sometimes added, 
id. Quint. 28, 86) ; profugere, id. Caec. 
l. c.: to be in e., exsulare, Cie.: Liv. ; 
exsulem agere (rare), Tac. A. 1, 4: to 
pass sentence of e. upon any one, alicui 
aqua et igni interdicere, Caes. : Cic. 

exile (v.): ejicio, extermino, ete. : v. 
TO BANISH. 

exiled (part. adj.): 1, extorris, 
e (not admitted into a country) : e. from 
country and home, ex. patria, domo, 
Sall. Jug. 14, med. Join: exsul ex- 
torrisque, Gell. 2, 12: cf. Liv. 5, 30: 
“ne exsulem, extorrem P. R. ab solo 
patrio in hostium urbem agerent.” 2, 
exsiilans, ntis (part. of exsulo): Cic. 
See also EXILE (1.). 

exist: 1, sum, fui, esse (esp. in 
an emphatic position): there e.’d (once), 
yes. there ec.’ that energy... , fuit, fuit 
ista virtus, Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3: to affirm 
that gods e., deos esse dicere, Cic.: I 
think, therefore I e., cogito, ergo sum, 
Cartes. 2. exsisto (existo), stiti, 3 
(mostly with the additional idea of 
coming into existence: vV. TO ARISE, 
APPEAR): had not that Iliad e.’d, nisi 
Ilias illa exstitisset, Cic. Arch. 10, 24: 
cf, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107: “ ut in corporibus 
magnae dissimilitudines sunf, sic in 
animis existunt (exist, or present them- 
selves) majores etiam varietates.” S45 
exsto (exto), stiti, 1 (mostly, to appear, 
be extant): of Demades there e. no 
written works, (Demadis) nulla ex. 
scripta, Cic. Br. 9, 36: without the eyes, 
the function of eyes could not e., sine 
oculis non potest ex. munus oculorum, 
Cic. Div. 1, 32, 91. 4, maneo, nsi, 
sum, 2 (toe. sti): v. TOREMAIN. §, 
(of living beings) vivo, 3: Vv. TO LIVE, 
See also foll. art. 

I. 1 


existence: The state: 3. 


EX LS TDILMG 


————— 


ERE E DITION 


EXPENSIVE 





gods altogether, wullos esse omnino deos | aliqua parte ex. et indulgere voluptati, 


utare, ic. N. D. init. (In scholastic 
t., esse is used subs.: Spinos. pass.) 
2. (of living creatures) vita: to 
drag out one’s e., vitam trabere, Virg. 
(cf. v. exigere, Sall. Jug. 14, med.): the 
brief span of our e., exiguum vitae 
curriculum, Cic.:; V- LIFE. I. Vhat 
which exists: *ens, entis, n.: V- Quint. 
8, 3, 33: Med. Lat.: v. CREATURE, 
BEING. 
existing: qui (quae, quod) nunc 
est: v.TO Exist. Phr.: under e. cur- 
cumstances (a qualifying phr.), pro re 
nata, Cic. Att. 14, 6, ad init.; ut nunc 
est, Poll. in Cic. Fam. 10, 31, fin.: Cic. 
See also PRESENT. 
exit: |. The act of going out: 
exitus, fis: V. DEPARTURE. Phr.: to 
make one’s e€., exire, decedere: v. TO 
DEPART. |. A way of escape : exitus, 
effiigium: v. OUTLET. 
exonerate: i. e. from a charge: 
culpa libero: v. TO EXCULPATE, CLEAR 
(L1.). 
Ap: exorabilis, e: Cic.: Hor. 
exorbitant: nimius, immodicus: v. 
EXCESSIVE. Sometimes expr. by carus: 
on that very day corn fell from ane. 
price to a low one, illo ipso die carissi- 
mam annonam consecuta est, Cic. pro 
Dom. 4, 15: v. DEAR. Phr.: to make 
e. demands, *immodice postulare; plus 
aequo postulare: the e. demands of pub- 
licans, immodestia publicanorum, Tac. 
A. 13, 50. 


exorhitantly ; immidice, v. Ex- 
CESSIVELY. 
exorcise; exorcizo, 1 (e&opxiqw): 


Ulp. Dig. 50, 13, 1,§3- (Or by circuml. 
adjurando [cum adjuratione] daemonas 
expellere, ejicere; cf. Vulg. Acts, xix. 
13.) 

exorcism: exorcismus (€fopxcopos) : 

ert. 

exorcist; exorista, ae, m. (efop- 
x.om™s): Imp. Codd.: Vulg. 

exordium: 1, exordium (usu. 
term): Cic.: Quint.: Plin. 9, ex- 
orsus, Us, (v. rare): Cic. Manil. 4, jin. 
(only). 8. proocemium (7poortov: 
prop. a prelude, q. v.): a long and far- 
fetched e., longum et alte petitum pr., 
Cic. Clu.21, 58: freq. in Cic. of the intro- 
duction to a treatise, ct Cic. Att. 16, 6 
fin.: Quint. 4, principium : Quint. 

exoteric: exdtéricus (efwrepiKos, 
Cic.): Gell. 

exotic: externus, péregrinus (e. ¢g. 
arbor), Plin.: v. FOREIGN. (Exoticus 
occurs in Gell. 13, 5, as epith. of wine.) 

expand : Trans. : F 
pando, expando, 3: Vv. TO SPREAD. OF. 
laxo, I (by increasing the spaces be- 
tween): the lily e.s itself, lilium se L., 
Plin.: to e. the companies, 1. manipulos, 
Caes. 93, extendo, 3: v. TO STRETCH 
out. 4, dilate, 1 (to make broader ; 
spread over a wider space): to e. his 
Tine (of a general), aciem d., Liv. 31, 21, 
med.: esp. of expansion in language, 
Cic.: v. TO AMPLIFY. See also inf. 

B. Intrans.: expr. by preced. 

verbs and pron. refl., or in pass.: (the 
Propontis) where the sea begins to eé., 
ubi dilatat se mare, Plin. 5, 32, 40; also 
in latitudinem pandi, id. 6, 13, 15 : the (bud 
of the) rose gradually opens and e.s, 
Tosa paullatim dehiseit ac sese pandit, 
Plin.: v. TO SPREAD, OPEN. 

expanse: spitium: v. spacer. Of 
the sea, aequor, Oris, 7.: often plur., 
for thee the e. of ocean smiles, tibi rident 
aequora ponti, Lucr. 1, 8: 
Phr.: suddenly appears a boundless e. 
of plain, repente immensa panditur 
planities, Liv.: v. PLAIN (subs.). 

expansion: expr. by verb: heat 
produces e. of air, *calor aéra_expandit 
atque dilatat: v. To EXPAND. (Expansio, 
dilatatio, v. rare.) 

expansive: qui (quae, quod) se 
pandit, e. g. aér, Plin.: v. TO EXPAND. 

expansiveness: expr. by verb: v. 
TO EXPAND. 


expatiate : exspitior, 1 (strictly to 


Vv. OCEAN. | 


Cint. 2, 17, 21t.: |¥,. TO 
UPON. 

expatriate: extermino, ejicio: v. 
TO BANISH, EXILE. 

expatriation: exsilium : v. EXILE. 

expect: 1. exspecto (exp-), I (to 
look for something, whether good or 
evil; with acc.: but not ace. and inf.): 
to be e.ing any one’s arrival, e. alicujus 
adventum, Cues.: J shall e., or rather 
demand longer letters, \ongiores epistolas 
exspectabo, vel potius exigam, Cic.: 
with a (ab) or ex, and abl. of the per- 
son from whom, Cic. Sometimes foll. 
by dum or ut and subj.: I don’t thinic 
you e. me to write, non puto te ex. dum 
scribam, Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1: J believe we 
are e.’d to answer your letter, exspectari 
nos, arbitror, ut vrespondeamus tuis 
literis, Liv. 42, 40, ttt. 2. spéro, 1 
(usu. = to hope, but also occasionally of 
anticipating evil: foll. by acc. alone, or 
ace, and inf.): but if Iam deserted by 
you, which I do not e., sin a vobis (id 
quod non spero) deserar, Cic. Rosc. A. 
4, 10: Virg.: Flor.: v. TO HOPE. 3: 
crédo, didi, tum, 3 (with acc. and inf.): 
Te. you are surprised, judges, credo ego 
vos judices mirari, Cic. Rosc. A. init. 
Simly, other verbs of thinking, believ- 
ing, with acc. and inf.: I confidently e. 
he will do his duty, confido illum fore 
in officio, Cic. Att. 1, 6: when I was 
just e.ing your arrival, quum jam te 
adventare arbitraremur, Cic. Att. I, 4: 
to turn out otherwise than one may have 
e.'d, aliter cadere quam quis opinatus sit, 
Cic. Fam. 4, 4: ¥.TO THINK, BELIEVE, 
Phr.: contrary to what was e.'d, praeter 
spem (V. EXPECTATION): sooner than 
might have been e.'d, opinione celerius, 
Cic.: a battle more bloody than might 
have been e..d from the number of com- 
batants, proelium atrocius quam pro 
numero pugnantium, Liv. 21, 2g: not 
e.ing, inopinans, Caes.; necopinans, Cic. 

expectancy : spes, Gi, f.: cf. Hor. S. 
| 2, 5, 47: V. HOPE. 

expectant: perh. arrectus (full of 
eager interest): cf. Sall. Jug. 86, init. : 
postquam plebis animos arrectos videt. 
See also ATTENTIVE. P hr. (prov.): to 
disappoint the e. crow (of a legacy- 
hunter), corvum deludere hiantem, Hor. 
S. 2, 5, 56: an heir e., heres necessarius, 
Ulp. Dig. 

expectation : 1. _exspectatio 
(precisely equiv. to Eng.) : hope ts the e. 
of good, fear the e. of evil, spes est ex. 
boni, mali ex. metus, Cic. Tuse. 4, 37, 
80: contrary to e., praeter ex., Cic. 

2. spes, #i, f. (usu. of what is good : 

also in gen. sense, esp. in adverb. phr.): 
e. of pay, s. mercedis, Cic. (Vv. HOPE) : 
Metellus, contrary to his e., is welcomed 
home with the greatest joy, Metellus 
contra (praeter) spem laetissimis animis 
excipitur, Sall. Jug. 88: the second e. (of 
succeeding to an imheritunce), secunda 
s., Tac. A. 1, 8. 3. Spinio (not neces- 
sarily implying futurity: very often in 
adverb. phr.): I will not disappoint 
your e., non fallam tuam o., Cic. Fam. 
1, 6, fin.: contrary to e., praeter o., Cic. : 
see also TO EXPECT (Phr.). 

expectorate: exscrev, 1: to e. blood, 
cruenta exscreare, Plin.: v. TO SPIT. 

expectoration: exscreatio (e. g. 
cruenta): Plin.: v. SPITTLE. 

expediency : itilitas: it o/ten hap- 
pens that e. clashes with virtue, persaepe 
evenit ut u. cum honestate certet, Cic. 
Phr.: noe. in injustice, nihil expedire 
qnod sit injustum, Cic.: v. foll. art. 

expedient: Utilis, e: to prefer the 
honourable to the e., honestum praeferre 
utili, Hor.: it is never (really) e. to sin, 
nunquam u. est peccare, Cic.; Vv. USE- 
FuL. Phr.;: it is ¢., expédit, 4, ¢mpers. 
| (often foll. by acc. and inf.): what ts 
right is evident ; what e., ts in the dark, 
quid rectum sit, apparet, quid ex. ob- 
scurum est, Cic. Fam. 5, 19, fin.: Ter.: 
¥. ADVANTAGE, TO BE OF. 

expedite: expédio, mattro: vy. TO 


ENLABGE 





ress, ef. Quint. 4, 3, 4): fo e. im and | HASTEN. 


mive oneself up to a part of a subject, in | 


expedition : |, An enterprise : 








1, expéditio (military): to march 
troops forth on an *., milites educere in 
expeditionem, Cic. Div. 1, 33, 12: to 
undertake an €., ex. suscipere, Suet. ; 
Caes. 9. iter: v. JOURNEY, MABCH. 

Il. 2 ie of execution: céléritas: 
to use e. about amy thing, c. uti in aliqua 
Te, Cic,: V. HASTE, SPEED. Pbr.: there 
is need of ¢, mature facto opus est, 
SalL Cat. 1. 

expeditious: céler, promptus, ma- 
tiirus: V. QUICK, PROMPT. 

expeditiously: cé#lériter, prompté, 
matiré: v. QUICKLY, PROMPTLY. 
ene para Vv. EXPEDITION 


expel: 1, expello, pili, pulsum, 
3 (in whatsoever way; that from which, 
usu. expr. by abl. alone, or with e, ex) 
toe. any one from house, country, com- 
monwealth, aliquem domo (sua), civitate, 
ex republica ex., Cic.: Caes.: to ¢. an 
enemy from territories, hostes finibus 
ex., Caes.: also with a (ab) and abl. 
Cic. Sext. 13, 30: Vv. TO DRIVE OUT, 
BANISH. 9. éjicio, jéci, ctum, 3 
(rather stronger than preced., to cast 
out, q. v.: that from which, usu. expr. 
by abl. with ex, de; also ab): We 
any one from the senate, e. aliquem e 
senatu, Cic. de Sen. 12, 42 (to expr. 
which praeterire was also used as a 
milder expr., Liv. 38, 28; also de] 
senatu movere, Cic. Clu. 43, 122): from 
a collegium, de collegio, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 5: 
also absol., cf. Cic. Sext. 13, 30. 3. 
extermino, 1 (to drive quite out; ap 
emphatic expr.): V. TO BANISH. 4, 
déjicio, 3 (esp. from an elevated posi- 
tion), déturbo (confusedly and vio- 
lently), etc.: v. TO DISLODGE. Phr. 
to e. a man from his tribe, aliquem 
tribu movere, Cic.: v. supr. (2). 

expeller: expulsor (Cic.); exactor 
(Liv.). 

expend: expendo, impendo: v. To 
SPEND. 

expenditure: 1, érdgatio (pe- 
cuniae), Cic. Att.15, 2, fin. Q. suinp- 
tus, impensa (esp. pl.): to set limils to 
the public e., facere modum impensis 
publicis, Tac.: needful ¢., necessarii 
sumptus, Cic.: v. foll. art. 

expense: 1, impensa (outlay of 
any kind): to go to no e., nullam im. 
facere, Cic. Phil. 6, 5,14: often pl., at 
my e., meis impensis, Nep. Phoc. 1 
‘Tac. 2. sumptus, is (esp. of great, 
excessive €.): to keepa great number of 
horsemen at one’s own ¢€., Magnum 
numerum equitum sno s. alere, Caes. : 
to go to extravagant ¢. ultra modum 
sumptu prodire, Cic.: to diminish the e. 
of embassies, s. legationum minuere, 
Cic.: lawful e. s. legitimus, Cic. 
Fam. 3, 8, ad med. 3, impendium 
( = impenaa, but less freq. and chiefly 
pl.): without e., sine im., Cic. Quint. 
3, 12 (= nulla impensa, Cic. Verr. 
2, I, 55, 145): to go to very great ¢., 
impendia maxima facere, Plin. Ep. 
to be indulged (of a laugh) at the 
e. of modesty, impendio pudoris con- 
stare, Quint.: v. COST. 4, dis 
pendium (esp. in the comic writers): aé 
less e., minore dispendio, PL : without é, 
on one's own part (fig.), sine suo d., Ter. 
Hee. 5, 2, 29: Col.: Plin. (N.B.—Never 
pl.) Phir: Funeral e.s, arbitria funeris, 
Cic. Dom. 37, 98: to carouse at the 
public e., de publico convivari, Cic. Verr, 
3, 44, 105: at @ great ¢., magni (v. 
PRICE): to live at another's ¢. (pcet.), 
aliena vivere quadra, Juv.: t& get a 
laugh at any one’s ¢., ludificar{ aliquem, 
PL: Ter. (v. To FOOL): to do any thing 
at the e. of dignity, dignitatis Jacturam 
ob aliquam rem facere cf. Cic. lan. 2 
6: v. Loss. 

expensive: ], sumptudsus (usa 
with the idea of magnificent): v. SUMP- 
TUOUS. 2. expr. by sumptus, im- 
pendium, etc.: not to be in the least 
degree e., ne minimo quidem sumptui 
esse, Cic. Att. 5, 14: to be very ¢. to any 
ome, magnum dispendium (impendium) 
alicui afferre, Col. 4, 24, init.: Vv. EX 
PENSE. See also COSTLY. 


EXPENSIVELY 


re ee” 


expensively: cum maxima im- 
pensa, Maximo sumptu: v. EXPENSE. 


expensiveness: SUmpius: v. Ex- 
PENSE ; alsO DEARNESS. 
experience (subs.) : 1, asus, ts: 


a general of no e., oullius u. imperator, 
Caes.: military e., u. in re militari, 
Cic.: possessed of such e. (in legal mat- 
ters), tali usu [atque exercitatione] 
praeditus, Cic. Clu. 31, 84: great poli- 
tical e., u. in republica rerum maxi- 
marum, Cic. Rep. 1, 23. 2. peritia 
(knowledge acquired by e.): e. of locali- 
ties and warjare, locorum et militiae p., 
Sall.: Tac.: v. SAGACITY. Sex. 
périentia (esp. with rerum: in Cic. the 
act of trying): neither in years or e. 
equal to such a burden, non aetate 
neque rerum ex. tantae moli par, Tac. 
A. 1,4: aman of long e., vir longa ex., 
Tac.: Vell. 4, expr. by expérimen- 
tum (an act of trial, an individual ex- 
perience): esp. in pl.: taught by abun- 
dant e., multis ex. eruditus, Plin. Ep. 1, 
5, 16: Metellus knew by e. that...., 
Metello experimentis cognitum erat 
(with acc. and inf.) : Sall. Jug. 46: pre- 
cept is of less avail than e., minus va~ 
lent praecepta quam experimenta, 
Quint. 2, 5,15. Phr.: J speak frome., 
dico expertus in nobis, Cic. (v. foll. 
art.): your e. during the last 24 years, 
quae per quatuor et viginti annos passi 
sitis, Liv. 21, 10, med.: taught by the e. 
of others, per aliena exempla doctus (R. 
and A.): I have learned by e., com- 
pertum ego habeo, Sall. Cat. 58, iit. 

experience (v.) : 1, expr. by 
Usavénit (or usu venit), 4, impers. 
(with dat. of subject): what could any 
ome e. more afflicting? quid homini 
potest acerbius usuvenire? Cic. Quint. 
15, 19: cf. Att. 7, 26, init. 9. ex- 
peérior, pertus, 4 (to malce trial): I very 
often e. in my own case that ..., in me 
ipso saepissime experior ut... , Cic. de 
Or. 1, 26, 121: believe one who has e.d 
it, experto crede, Virg. 8, patior, 
BSUS, 3 (suffering): much did he e. in 
war, multa bello passus (est), Virg. : 
Liv. (v. preced., art., fin.): v. TO SUFFER. 

4, cognosco, novi, nitum, 3 (to 

find out by experience): v. TO LEARN. 
Phr.: the following year he ed a 
severe domestic affliction, sequens annus 
gravi vulnere animum domumque (ejus) 
afflixit, Tac. Agr. 7: J do not believe 
that Scipio has ed any evil, nil mali 
Scipioni accidisse puto, Cic.: v. TO 
HAPPEN. ; 

experienced (part. adj.): 1. 
expr. by Usus (Vv. EXPERIENCE): am e. 
and wise man, vir usu et sapientia 
praestans, Nep.: e. men, homines usu 
periti, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 147: €. im war, 
peritus ad u. ac disciplinam (belli), Cic. 
Font. 15, 33. 2. péritus (implying 
skill): esp. in connexion with usus (v. 
supr. 1): most e. generals, peritissimi 
[atque exercitatissimi ] duces, Caes. B.C. 
3, a3): (Cie: 8. exercitatus ( prac- 
tised: q. v.): Caes.: Cic. (v. supr. 2). 

4, callidus: v. SKILFUL. 5. 

gnarns: v, ACQUAINTED WITH. 
expériens, ntis (i. e. making trial of 
every thing): V. ENTERPRISING. 

experiment:, expérimentum: v. 
TRIAL. ' 

experiment upon: experior, ex- 
perimentum facio: v. TO TRY 

experimental : *experimentis adep- 
tus, partus: Vv. EXPERIENCE. Phr: 
to have e. knowledge of anything, aliquid 
usu compertam habere, cf. Sall. Cat. 58: 
an e. trip (of a vessel), *experiendae 
(periclitandae) navis navigatio sus- 
cepta. 

experimentally: usu, experimentis: 
v. EXPERIENCE. 

expert: Callidus, sciens, etc. (usu. 
with gen.): V. CLEVER, SKILFUL. 

expertly ; cullidé, scienter : v. CLE- 
VERLY, SKILFULLY. 

expertness: alliditas, sollertia: v. 
SKILL. 

expiable: piabilis, e (rare): Ov. 
(More usu. expr. by verb: quod expiari 
potest. v. TO EXPIATE.) 

276 








EXPLICIT 


expiate: 1, expio, 1 (by sacri- 
Jices, etc.): to e. a crime, scelus ex., 
Hor.: to be ed by the punishment of 
(the criminal) himself, ipsius supplicio 
expiari, Cic. Join: procurare atque 
expiare (with ref. to portents), Cie. Div. 
2, 63, 130. 2, pio, 1 (chiefly poet.) : 
vy. TO ATONE FOR. 

expiation : 1, expiatio: Cic.: 

iv. 2. prociratio (with ref. to por- 
tents): that e. should be made with (the 
sacrifice of) a swine, ut sue p. fieret, 
Cic.: Tac. 3. expr. by verb: this 
mode of e., *hoc genus expiandi: v. TO 
EXPIATE. 

expiatory: 1. piaciilaris,e: ¢. sa- 
crifices, p. sacrificia, Liv. Q. expr. 
by subs.: an e. victim, piaculum, Liv.; 
piamentum, Plin.: Sen.: e. rites, pia- 
mina, Ov. 

expiration: Phr.: at the e. of the 
fifth year, quinto anno exeunte, Cic. 
(¥, TO END, intr.): after the e. of a year, 
anno exacto, circumacto, Liv.: because 
his year (of office) was on the point of e., 
quia jam in exitu annus erat, Liv. 38, 
35, init. 

expire: |. To breathe one’s last : 
exspiro, I (not in Cic.): Liv. 2, 20, etc.: 
Virg.: Quint. Phr.: ¢o ¢., animam 
edere, Cic. Sext. 38, 83; animam agere, 
efflare, Cic Tuse. I, 10, 19; animam 
exhalare, exspirare, Ov.: on the point of 
e.ing, moribundus, Cic.: v.TODIE. [I 
To come to an end: of a period of time : 

1, exeo, 4, irr.: the time prescribed 

by the truce had e.d, indutiarum dies 
exierat, Liv. 4, 30, med.: Cic.: v. TO 
END. 9. intercédo, 3 (of an interval 
between events): v. TO ELAPSE. Phr.: 
after thirty-three days had e.d, peractis 
diebus tribus et triginta, Liv. 1, 32, 
med. : simly, when a period or cycle of 
time has e.d, circumactis (diebus, an- 
nis), Liv. 9, 33, med.: to be on the 
point of e.ing, jam in exitu esse, Liv. 

explain: 1, explano, 1 (to make 
quite plain): to be more easily under- 
stood than ed, facilius intelligi, quam 
explanari, Cic.: more fully, to e. ax 
obscure subject, obscuram rem ex. inter- 
pretando, Cic. Brut. 41, 152. Join: 
docere et explanare, Cic. de Or. 2 19, 82. 

9, explico, avi and ui, atum and 

itum, 1 (to unfold, set forth at large) 
to e. any thing very clearly, aliquid aper- 
tissime planissimeque ex., Cic.: v. TO 
UNFOLD. 
FORTH. 
TERPRET. 5, énucleo, r (lit. to extri- 
cate the kernel of a thing: to inquire 
nicely into): Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 23. 6. 





8, expono, 3: Vv. TO SET) 
4, interprétor, 1: v. TO IN- | 


énodo, 1 (to remove knots, clear of diffi- | 


culties): to e. names (etymologically), 
nomina e., Cic.: to e. and set forth care- 
fully, res enodatas diligenter exponere. 
Cic. Inv. 2, 3, 6. 7. illustro, 1 (to 


shed light upon) : to e. the vecondite dis- 


coveries of the Greeks in Latin verse, 
Graiorum obscura reperta il. Latinis 
versibus, Lucr. (See also EXPLANATION. } 


explainable: explicabilis, e, Plin. | 
(Usu. better, quod explanari potest, | 


quod verbis exponere possis: v; TO EX- 
PLAIN.) 
explainer: explanator, Cic.: v. i- 


TERPRETER. 

explanation : 1. explanatio, 
Cic.: Plin. 2, explic&tio, Cic.: Quint. 
(For syn. see verb.) 3, satistactio (a 


formal e. of one’s conduct): Sall. Cat. 
35. 4, ratio (the true rationale or 
principle of any thing) : to give an e. (of 
natural phenomena), r. reddere, Sen. 
IN. Oia, 156: 7ef. Lauer: 1; 60; 5, eno- 
datio: Cic. (Or expr. by verb: in the 
e. of names, in enodandis nominibus, 





| ponens, ntis, m., sc. numerus. 


Cic.: v. TO EXPLAIN.) See also INTER- | 


PRETATION. 

explanatory: expr. by verb: to 
make a few e. remarks, *pauca expla- 
nandi causa dicere: v. TO EXPLAIN. 
(N.B.—Not explanatorius.) 

expletive (adj.): explétivus, Donat. : 

aris. 

expletive (subs.): *vox expletiva. 

explicit: 1, explicatus (fully 
and clearly written or spoken): cf Cic 





EXPOSE 





Att. 9, 7, init. (nibil explicatius, ninit 
uberius): Aug. 2, dpertus: v. CLEAR, 
OPEX. 3, expr. by adv. diserté: v. 
foll. art. Phr.: he was very e. in his 
refusal, aperte, sine fuco et fallaciis 
negavit, cf. Cic. Att. 1, 1, init.; *minime 
tergiversando negavit (v. TO EVADE). 
explicitly: 1, diserté (in so many 


| words): in the treaty of Lutatius it was 


e. added, in Lutatii foedere d. additum 
est, Liv. 21, 19 Join: disertissime 
planissimeque, Liv. 2, Aperte. plane: 
Vv. CLEABLY, PLAINLY. Pbhr.: to speak 
e. (without hiding any thing), iatine 
loqui, Cic.: Quint. 

explicitness: expr. by phr.: to 
speal with the utmost e., quam disertis- 
sime loqui, etc.: v. preced. artt. 

explode: A. Trans.: |. To 
blow up; as with gunpowder: *explodo, 
si, sum, 3 (lit. to drive out with a noise) : 


| cf. Sep. Cons. Marc. 10, 4. Phr.: to be 


e.d by gunpowder, Tartareo difflari pul- 
vere in auras, Milt. Sylv. 2, 161. ll. 
Fig.: to refute utte ly: 1, explodo, 
3 (to clap or hiss off the stage; hence, 
of opinions, to prove to be false): thi 
opinion has long been e.d, jam pridem 
explosa sententia est, Cic. Off. 1, 2, 6. 
Join: explodi et ejici, Cic. Clu. 31, 86. 
2. (to be or become e.d, as the result 

of progress in knowledge): obsdlesco, 
évi, étum, 3; p. part. obsoletus: now 
that they (the Cyrenaics) are ed, Eptcu- 
rus flourishes, quibus obsoletis, floret 
Epicurus, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 116: that line 
of argument is already e.d, obsolevit 
jam ista oratio [re multo magis quam 
verbis refutata], Cic. Manil. 17,52. See 
also TO REFUTE, CONFUTE, B, in- 
trans.: to burst with a report: dis- 
plodor, sus, 3: cf. Lucr. 6, 284: “ plena 
animae vesicula dat sonitum displosa 
repente :” cf. also Hor. S. 1, 8, 46. See 
also TO BURST. 

exploit; faicinus, res gesta (esp. in 
pl.): Vv. ACHIEVEMENT. 

exploration: expr. by verb: with 
a view to an e. of the country, regionis 
explorandae causa: Vv. TO EXPLORE. 

explore: 1, exploro, 1 (to search 
into and make known): he ed africa, 
Africam exploravit, Cic. Manil. 12, 34: 
toe. the coast of Africa, ambitum Africae 
ex., Plin. 5, 1 § 8: v. TO RECONNOITRE. 

2. indago, 1 (to track out, as 

hounds): to e. new paths (fig.), inusi- 
tatas vias in., Cic. Or. 3, 11. 3. sera- 
tor, perscriitor, 1: Vv. TO SEARCH OUT. 

explorer: explorator: Plin. 6, 29, 
35 § 184: or expr. by verb: (the sol- 
dieis) sent by Nevo as é.s, missi ad ex- 
plorandum, ib. § 181. Im the p/. the 


| part. explorans may be used, L. G. 


$638. 

explosion: _ 1, crépitus, u~ (any 
cracking sound): Cic.; Plin. Q, fragor: 
v. crASH. Phr.: there was an e, of 


gunpowder, *igne admoto cum fragore 
pulvis (nitratus) displosus est (?). 
explosive: *quod subito exardescat, 
cum fragore displodatur (?). Or perh. 
ignigénus, cf. Apul. Met. 7, p. 197. 
exponent: |. Numerical: *ex- 
ens, nts, I, Tha 
which sets forth and expounds: index, 
icis, c.: the eyes, es of the emotions, 
indices animi oculi, Cic. Or. 18, fin.: v. 
INDICATOR. 
export (v.): 1, Evébo, xi, ctum, 
3 (by whatever mode of carriage): others 
e. their own products and import others 
Srom abroad, alii merces suas e., exter- 
nasque invehunt, Plin. 6, 19, 22: Alfen. 
Dig. 39, 4, 15- 2. exporto, 1 (appli- 
cable to any mode of carrying off): to 
e. grain in time of famine, frumentum 
in fame ex., Cic. Fl. 7, 17: V. EXPORTS. 
3. mitto, 3 (poet.): Virg. 
exportation: exportatio, Cie. (Or 
expr. by verb: v. TO EXPORT.) 
exporter: exportator, Let. in Forcell. 
exports: merces evectae, exporta- 


LESS quae exportantur, cf. Cic. Manil. 
, £4. 


expose: |. To place out, in the 
way of : 1. expono, pdsui, itum, 3 
(to put out; esp. of infants): toe. chil- 





. EXPOSED 





dren, pueros ex., Liv.: to ¢, vessels (for 
show), vasa ex.: Cic.: a place ed to 
the sun’s rays, locus solibus expositus, 
Petr.: e.d to so many enemies, tot hosti- 
bus expositus, Plin 2, objicio, jéci, 
jectum, 3 (to put in the way of: with 
acc. and dat.): to e. a son to death, 
gliquem morti ob., Cic.: to be e.d to the 
dagger, sicae objici, Cic.: to e. oneself to 
the weapons of enemies, ob. se telis hos- 
tium, Cic.: Caes. Frequent. objecto, 1, 
to e. again and again, Virg. f 
offéro, obtiili, latum, 3, irr. (like ob- 
jicio): to e. ourselves to dangers unne- 
cessarily, of. nos periculis sine causa, 
Cic. 4, obdo, didi, ditum, 3 (like 
preced.: rare): Hor. 
v.T0 SUBJECT. See also EXPOSED (fin.). 
I]. Specially, for sale: propono, 
expono: v.10 ExHIBrr. In pass., to be 
ed for sale, prostare, Hor. Wh. 7 
show up ignominiously: Phr.: to e. 
any one’s crimes, scelera alicujus mani- 
festa reddere, proferre, cf. Cic. Verr. 
Act. 1, 16, 48: toe. a hypocrite, hominem 
sub persona viventem denudare atque 
ignominiae objicere, cf. Sen. Tranq. 15, 8. 
. To lay bare the body: ie 
nido, 1: toe. the body in public, n. inter 
cives corpora, Enn.in Cic. Fig.: toe. 
the body to wounds, n. corpora ad vul- 
nera, Liv. 38, 26, med. 2, dénido, 1: 
v. TO STRIP. 
exposed (part.adj.): 1, apertus: 
enemy attacked our men on the e. 
side, hostes nostros a. latere aggressi 
sunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 25. 9. nudus: v. 
BARE. 3, obnoxius (liable to, at the 
of): e. to insults, contumeliis ob- 
noxius, Suet. Tib. 63: great riches are 
¢. to danger, magnae periculo sunt opes 
ob., Phaedr. 2, 7, extr.: (a place) e. to 
winds, ventis ob., ‘Vib.: Lucan: Livy. 
. opportiinus (conveniently situ- 
ated for): bodies more e. to disease, cor- 
pora morbis opportuniora, Plin. Phr.: 
to be e. to, patere: to be e. to a wound, 
yulneri p., Liv. 31, 39, ad fin.: there 
are fewer e. parts (fig.) for Fortune to 
strike, minus multa patent quae fortuna 
feriat, Cic. Off. 1, 21, 73. 
exposition : |. Statement: ex- 
plicatio, expdsitio, narratio: v. sraTE- 
MENT, NARRATION. |], Commentary : 
interprétatio, expdsitio (Hier. has ex- 
positiuncula, @ short e., Forcell. s. v.), 
*exégeésis: v. EXPLANATION, EXEGESIS, 
COMMENTARY. 
expostulate : 1,_expostiilo, 1 
(rather stronger than the Eng., implying 
that a claim of right is urged): to e. 
with any one about an injury (demand 
redress), cum aliquo injuriam ex., Ter. 
Ad. 4, 1,15: I think I have ground for 
e.ing with you, locus esse videtur tecum 
expostulandi, Cic. Fam. 2, 17,2: cf. ib. 
5. 2, ad fin. 9. quéror, conquéror, 
stus, 3 (to urge a complaint): to e. with 
any one about an injury, cum aliquo 
de injuria c., Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 3: v. TO 
COMPLAIN. 8, reclamo, 1 (loudly) : 
Cic. : v. TO CRY OUT AGAINST. 
expostulation: expostilatio, Cic.: 
Tac.: v. preced. art. (Sometimes con- 
silia may be definite enough: to refuse 
to listen to e., *consilia [amicorum ] aver- 
sari, negligere: v. ADVICE.) See also 
COMPLAINT. 


expostulatory: querelarum plenus: 
V. COMPLAINT. 
exposure : J. The act of ex- 


nosing: expdsitio (of a child), Just. 
(Or expr. by verb: the law forbids the 
e. of children, *lex vetat pueros exponi : 
¥. TO EXPOSE.) Il. The state of being 
exposed to hardship: Phr.: capable of 
enduring e. (to cold), patiens frigoris, 
Sall. Cat. 5; the power of so doing, pa- 
tientia frigoris, Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26; to 
heat and cold, patientia caloris ac fri- 
goris, Liv. 21,4: to grow accustomed to 
every kind of e., duritiae patientiaeque 
insuescere, ‘I'ac. A. 6, 34: to avoid all 
kinds of e., soles atque ventos et nubila 
etiam ac siccitates vitare, Quint. 11, 
3, 27: V. ENDURANCE, HARDSHIP. Ith. 
With reference to shameful conduct ; 
public exhibition of: Phr.: to dread 


























EXPRESSIVE 


EXTANT 





not guilt but tts ¢., *non scelera me- 


tuere, sed ne commissa detegantur ac 
manifesta fiant: non scelus sed sceleris 
opprobrium s. infamiam timere; y. Dis- 
GRACE, INFAMY 

expound: expono, interprétor, ex- 
plano: v TO £XPLAIN, 

expounder: interpres, étis, /.: v. 
| INTERPRETER. 

express (v.): |. Lit.: to press 
out: exprimo, pressi, ssum, 3: to e. 
Juice from a seed, succum a semine ex., 
Plin. IJ. To give expression to in 
words : 1. exprimo, 3: to e. our sen- 
sations in words, ex. dicendo sensa, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 8, 32: [ cannot e. what joy 1 





affectus, Plin. Ep. 2. significo, 1 
(to signify in any way): Y. TO INDI- 
CATE. 3, promo, mpsi, mptum, 3 (to 
bring out plainly): words which best e. 
the sentiments of the mind, verba quae 
sensum animi optime p., Quint. 8, pref. 
§ 32: Plin. jun. 4, exséquor, citus, 
3 (to set forth fully): (secret) matters 
which I can scarcely e. in words, quae 
vix verbis ex. possim, Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 
med. 5, déclaro, 1 (to make clear, 
evident): he e.’d his regard for me, de- 
claravit quanti me faceret, Cic. Att. 6, 
1, 7: to e, the same sense (of a word), 
idem d., Cic. Fin. 2, 4,13. 6, démon- 
stro, 1: v. TO sHow. Phr.: fo e. one- 
self, loqui, dicere (v. TO SPEAK): to €.a 
sentiment in words, sententiam verbis 
efferre, Cic. Or. 44, 150: the feelings e. 
themselves by the eyes, per oculos animus 


eminet, Quint. 11, 3, 75. See also To 
DISPLAY. t > 
express (aij.) : |. Exact: Phr.: 


Twill send you the whole of the conver- 
sation in its e. words, omnem tibi ser- 
monem, omnibus verbis expressum mit- 
tam, Cic. Att. 9, 15, med.: to say any- 
thing ine. words, aliquid diserte planeque 
dicere (v. EXPLICIT). ll. 2xtraordi- 
nary: extraordinarius: Vv. EXTRAORDI- 
NARY, SPECIAL. 

express (subs.): i.e. a special mes- 
senger: *cursor, tabellarius, nuntius ex- 
tra ordinem (?data opera, cf. Plin. Ep. 
3, 17, 2) missus. 

expression : I. 
expressio (€. g. mellis) : 


Pressing out: 
Pall.: Vitr. 


expr. by verb: joy beyond e., *gaudia 
majora quam quae (ut) verbis exprimi 
possint: v. TO EXPRESS. Ul. Verbal: 
Vox, verba: V. WORD, LANGUAGE. Phr.: 
Jor we use the e., “to give up the ghost,” 
nam agere animam [et efflare] dicimus, 
Cie. Tuse. 1, 9, 19: how often he uses the 
e., “both consul and Antony,” quam cre- 
bro usurpat et consul et Antonius ! Cic. 
Phil. 2, 28, 70: to make use of an e. of 
Solon’s, ut Solonis dictum usurpem, Cic. : 
ef. Luer. 1, 61. IV. Of the features, 
in works of art, etc. : 1, vultus, us 
(e. of the countenance) : the countenance 
of Socrates wore always the same e., 
erat in Socrate semper idem v., Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 15, 31: V. FEATURES. 2. 
argitiae, arum (movement, grace and 
life): he (Parrhasius) was the first to 
paint e. (“play’’) of countenance, primus 
argutias vultus dedit, Plin. 35, 10, 36.6 5 
(elsewhere Plin. has animi perturba- 
tiones pingere, to paint e. of feeling, ib. 
§ 19). Phr.: to sing with e., *apte ad 
animos hominum commovendos canere ; 
animi motus (perturbationes) canendo 
bene exprimere: the head is the prin- 
cipal thing for e. (in a speaker), prae- 
cipuum est caput ad significationem, 
Quint. 11, 3, 68. 
expressive: |. Indicating : foll. 
by of: 1, index, icis; ¢.: the eyes 
are e. of feeling, indives animi oculi, 
Cic. Or. 18, 60: cease that cry, e. of your 
folly, quin continetis vocem, i. stultitiae 
vestrae, Cic. C. Rab. 6, 18: Quint. 9. 
expr. by significo, déclaro, ete. : (actions) 
e. cf affection, hatred, *quae amorem, 
odinm significant, etc.: v. TO EXPRESS. 
|]. Full of expressiveness : 1. 
expr. by vis: J have always thought 
this word most e., hujus verbi vim vel 


5, subjicio, 3: | feel, ex. non possum quanto sim gaudio | 


Il. The act of giving expression to: | 


maxima semper. putavi, Cie. de Or. 2, | 


4,17: to be more e. than language itself 
(of pictures), ipsam vim dicendi su- 
perare, Quint. 11, 3, 67. 2. expr. by 
significo, the pres. part. of which is 
used as adj.: gesture and movement are 
alike e., gestus motusque significat ali- 
quid, Quint. 11, 3, 9: than which nothing 
can be found more e., quo nibil inveniri 
posset significantius, Quint. 8, 2, g 
Gell (who has superl.). Phr.: the eyes 
|are the most e. feature in the counte- 
| nance, in vultu plurimum valent oculi, 
| Quint. Il, 3,75: the head ts the most ¢. 
(of the body), praecipuum est caput ad 
| significationem, ib. § 68: e. gestures (of 
| @ speaker), apti ex ipso sermone motus 
ib. § 69: e. eyes, oculi loquaces, Tib. (in 
Cic. Leg. 1, 9, 27, arguti oculi are the 
eyes, as full of movement and life natu 
rally : see the place). 

expressively : 1. significanter 
Quint. : Gell. 2. expr. by vis: how 
e. is this said, *quantam vim haec ha 
bent; quanta vis inest his dictis! v 
EXPRESSIVE (II.). (N.B.—Expresse di 
cere, in Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 2, is to describe a 
thing exactly.) 

expressiveness: 1. vis, vim, v1, 
f.: the voice gives special e. to things 
said, vox propriam vim adjicit rebus, 
Quint. 11, 3,9: Cic.: v. EXPRESSIVE (L1.); 
FORCE. , Significatio (strictly the 
act, not the qualita) : Quint.: v. EXPRES- 
sion (ILL, fin.). 8. propriétas (ap 
propriateness to what is spoken of): v¥. 
PROPRIETY. Phr.: the countenance 
often has as much e. as any language, 
ynltus est saepe pro omnibus verbis, 
Quint. 11, 3, 72: how great is the ¢. of 
the eyes, quomodo loquuntur oculi et 
declarant animi affectus! cf. Cic, Leg. 
I, 9, 27. 

expressly : diserté: Liv.: v. EXPLI- 
crrty. Phr.: e. for that purpose, ad id 
ipsum, Liv. (v. VERY): he nowhere says 
so e., but he says what is tantamount to 
it, non usquum id quidem dicit, sed 
quae dicit eadem valent, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
9, 24. 

expulsion: exactio: the e. of the 
kings, regum ex., Cic. (More freq. 
expr. by verb: after the e. of the Icings, 
post exactos s. expulsos reges: Vv. TO 
EXFEL. See also BANISHMENT.) 

expulsive: qui (quae, quod) expel- 
| lit: v. TO EXPEL. 

expunge: déleo, oblitttro: v. TT 
BLOT OUT, ERASE. (Expungo, to prick 
out, mark out by pricks or points, rare 
in this sense.) 

expurgate: purgo, expurgo, 1: Vv. 
TO PURGE, PURIFY. (Mart. has castrare 
libellos, 1, 35: V. TO CASTRATE.) 

expurgatory : *expurgatorius (in- 
dex): M. L. 

exquisite (@dj.): 1. conquisitus 
(lit. sought out from various places): 
the tables were loaded with the mest e. 
dainties, mensae conquisitissimis epulis 
exstruebantur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62. 
(N.B.— More freq. in lit. sense, as part. : 
Caes.: Liv.) 9, exquisitus (refined, 
recherché): e. tortures, ex. supplicia, 
Cic.: e. banquets, ex. epulae, I’lin.: v. 
REFINED. (N.B.—In other applications 
besides the above, eximius, summus, 
and some more definite superlatives may 
be used: a most e. flavour, sapor dulcis- 
simus: a girl of e. beauty, egregia (ex- 
imia) forma puella: most ¢. delicacy of 
judgment, superbissimum judicium: v. 
EXTRAORDINARY, REMARKABLE; SWEET, 
DELICIOUS, etc.) 

exquisite (subs.): 
elegans: V. DANDY. 

exquisitely : vénustissimé, lépidis- 
simé, etc.: Vv. CHARMINGLY. (Exqui- 
sité of that which is done with great 
care and nicety.) Phr. J stand in 
need of your é. refined criticism, opus 
est limatulo et polito tuo judicio, Cic. 


homo delicatus, 





Fam. 7, 33- 

exquisiteness : |, Refinement : 
subtilitas: V. DELICACY, NICETY. IL 
Intensity, esp. of pain: perh. vis: Vv. 
VIOLENCE: see alsO TORTURE; EXCRU- 
CIATING. 


extant: siperstes, itis: the c. plays 
277 


EXTEMPORANEOUS 


EXTERMINATE 


ExT LR EAT LOM: 





2 Euripides, Euripidis fabulae s., 
Nauck: v. suRvivinc. Usu. with to 
be: i, exsto, stiti, 1: no writings 
of Demades are e., Demadis nulla ex. 
scripta, Cic.: Quint. 2. consto, stiti, 
t (rare in this sense): the most ancient 
(orators) whose writings are e., anti- 
quissimi quorum quidem scripta c., Cic. 
de Or. 2, 22, 93. 3, maneo, diro: v. 
TO REMAIN, ENDURE. 4, siipersum, 
fui, irr. (in this sense appy, modern): 
the e. poems of Pindar, Piudari carmina 
quae s., Dissen.: the entire e. works of 
Livy, T. Livii libri qui s. omnes, Drak. 
SEEM DOrAReOHE | 1, stbitus : 
extemporary e. and wnpre- 
meditated speech, s. et fortuita oratio, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150: whether he was 
delivering premeditated or e. addresses, 
Sive meditata sive subita proferret, Plin. 
Ep. 1, 16, 2. 2. extemporalis, e (not 
Cic.): €. speech, ex. oratio, Quint.: Plin. 
jun. 3. stibitarius: Gell. Phr.: e. 
speaking, extemporalitas, Suet. Tit. 3. 
extempore (auv.): 1. siibito: to 
Speak e., s. dicere, Cic de Or. 1, 33, I50. 
2. expr. by siibitus: to speak e., 
subita dicere, proferre: v. preced. art. 
3. ex tempore: Plin. Kp. 2, 3, 1: 
Suet. Phr.: the gift of speaking e., 
extemporalis facultas, Suet. Aug. 84. 
extemporize; Phr.: toe., subito or 
subita dicere, subita proferre: v. preced. 
artt.: so ready tn versification as to be 
able to e, verse, in fingendis poematibus 
promptus et facilis ad extemporalitatem 
usque, Suet. Tit. 3: he would e. a couple 
of hundred lines at a stretch, ducentos 
versus dictabat stans pede in uno, Hor. 
Sat. 1, 4, 10. 
extend: A, Trans: 1, ex- 
tendo, di, tum, 3 (to stretch out in any 
way): toe. the wings of an army, cornua 
aciei ex., Curt. Often fig.: to e. fame 
by achievements, faunam ex. factis, Virg. : 
vV. TO STRETCH OUT. 2. distendo, 3 
(to stretch apart) : to e. the line of battle, 
aciem d.,Caes. 3, proféro, tili, latum, 
3, trr. (to carry forward): he shall e. 
his sway, proferet imperium, Virg. : Liv. 
4, propago, 1 (like preced.: in this 
selise, usu. foll. by some such word as 
fines): to e. the boundaries of an empire, 
imperii fines p., Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 8: Tac. 
Join; augere et propagare imperium, 
Suet. 5, amplio, 1 Suet. Caes. 44. 
Phr.: fo e. a line of battle, diducere 
ordines, Tac. See also TO EXPAND. 
B, Intrans.: 1, porrigor, rectus, 
3 (to lie outstretched): Tityos e.s over 
mine acres, Tityos per novem jugera 
p. Virg.: eing from east to west, ab 
ortu porrecta (zona) ad occasum, Mela, 
1, 1: Tac.: v. TO STRETCH. , ex- 
tendo, 3 (with pron. refl. or as pass.) : 
it es to the Hellespont, se ad Helles- 
ponticum fretum ex. (Asia), Mela, 1, 2 
the coast which es from thence, ab ev 
quae extenditur ora, Mela, 2, 7: v. To 
STRETCH. 3, pateo, ul, 2 (to lie open: 
hence esp. of countries which e. widely: 
also fig.): the nation of the Lygians 
e.s very widely, latissime p. Lygiorum 
nomen, Tac. Ger. 43: Mela. 4, pro- 
curro, i, sum, 3 (to project): toe. towards 
the north, p. ad Septentrionem, Mela, 1, 
3. Very oft. fig.: to €. widely very 
widely, late, latissime p., Cic. Join: 
latissime patere ad plurimosque per 
tinere, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92. 5, attingo, 
tigi, 3 (to touch upon): Mela. 6. 
pertineo,2: v.TO REACH. Phr.: where 
tt (Mt. Taurus) e.s to the Mediterranean, 
ubi nostra maria contingit, Mela: they 
e. over the greater part of Germany, 
majorem Germaniae partem obtinent, 
Tac. Ger. 38: the nation of the Chauci 
e.s along the flanks of all the alove- 
mentioned nations, Chaucorum gens om- 
nium quas exposui gentium lateribus 
obtenditur, ‘lac. Ger. 35° the truces of 
their olden fame e. far and wide, veteris 
famae lata vestigia manent, Tac. Ger. 37. 
extended (part. adj.): porrectus: a 
too e. line of battle, porrectior acies, 
Tac.: V. EXTENSIVE. 
extension: |, Theact: 
rectio (¢. g. digitorum): Cic. 
278 


1. por- 
2. propa- 


gatio (ef boundaries): Cic. 
latio (like preced.): Liv. 
(lengthening) : Cic.: v. PROTRACTION. 
5, extentio (v. rare): Vitr. Il. 
The quality, in mathemat. sense: *ex- 
tentio: the essence of matter consists in 
é., essentia materiue consislit in ex., 
Spinos, Pr. Phil. Cart. 2,6. | |f, Space: 
*extentio: Spinosa. 
extensive: 1, pitens, ntis (esp. 
with an adv.): an e. valley (one that 
opens out widely), vallis late p., Hirt. 
B. G. 8, 9: ef. Sall. Jug. ror, fin. Simly, 
to be very e., longe, late patere: v. TO 
EXTEND (B. 3). 2. amplus: v. spa- 
cIOUs. 3, latus: very e. deserts, latis- 
simae solitudines, Caes. B. G. 6, 23: e. 
winding coasts, |. sinus, Tac. Ger. 1: 
e. estates, 1. fundi (= latifundia), Virg. 
4, magnus: v. GREAT. Phr.: to 
have more e. possessions, latius possidere, 
Quint.: to have e. influence, multum 
valere, (plurimum) pollere (v. INFLU- 
ENCE); @ man of e. experience, vir mul- 
tarum rerum peritus, Cic. (v. EXPE- 
RIENCED) : to have an e. circle of friends, 
*multorum hominum esse (cf. paucorum 
hominum, Hor. S. 1, 9, 44); plurimis 
familiariter uti. 
extensively ; laté: v. wIDELY. 


3, pro- 
4, pr&ductio 


extensiveness; [latitido: Cic.: 
Caes. 
extent: 1, ambitus, ts (com- 


pass): the e. of an encampment, a, cas- 
trorum, Tac. Ger. 37: over all the e. of 
earth and sky, per omnenm terrarum et 
coeli a., Suet. Aug. 94, med. 2. spa- 
tium (in concrete sense): sufficient e. of 
ground for ...%, tantum spatii ut, etc., 
Caes.: Cic.: in general e. and in cli- 
matic position, spatio ac coelo, Tac. Agr. 
to: vast e.s of islands, immensa s, in- 
sularum, Tac. Ger. 1: an irregular e. of 
country, enorme s. terrarum, Tac. Agr. 
IO: Vv. SPACE. Phr.: to be of wide e. 
(lit. or fig.), late patere (v. TO EXTEND, 
B. 3): of very great e., maximus, latis 
simus (Vv. EXTENSIVE): of what e., quan- 
tus (Vv. GREAT, HOW): to this e., hac- 
tenus, eatenus; which may be empha- 
sized by duntaxat, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 
119: te what e., quatenus, Cic.: to some 
e., aliquatenus, Quint.: Sen.: to any e. 
(you please), quautumvis, Cic. 

extenuate: 1, lévo, 1 (to lighten 
the guilt of): some e. the guilt of the 
king, 1. quidam regis facinus, Liv. 4, 18: 
to endeavour to e. the guilt of an accused 
person, quae apta sunt ad accusatoris 
criminationem levandam proferre, ct. 
Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 84. 2. mitigo, 1: toe. 
a crime, atrocitatem sceleris m., cf. Cic. 
Off 1, 025377: 3. minuo, i, utum, 3: 
to deny charges, to defend, to e., objecta 
negare, defendere, minuere, Quint. 7, 2, 
29: cf. id. 7, 4, 15: V. TO DIMINISH. 
Phr.: toe. a crime on the ground of 
the intention of the accused, [diluendi 
criminis causa] voluntatem rei defen- 
dere, Cic, Inv. 2, 33, 101: to e. a fault, 
*quae quis deliquerit minora esse de- 
monstrare propter quasdam causas (cf. 
Cic. Inv. 2, 35). N.B. Exténuo, atténuo, 
mostly signily to diminish the import- 
ance or value of, opp to amplifico : ef. 
Cic. Inv. 2, 25, 75; Auct. Her. 3, 3, 6. 

extenuating (adj.): Phr-.: e. eir- 
cumstances, *eae res quibus culpa minu- 
itur, cf. Quint. 7, 4, 15. 

extenuation: imminitio (criminis) : 
Quint. 7, 4, 3 (al. diminutio). (More 
freq. expr. by verb: v. preced. artt.) 
See also EXCUSE. 

exterior (auj.): externus, extérior: 
V. EXTERNAL. 

exterior (subs.): spécies: v. AP- 
PEARANCE. Phr.: tricked out with a 
Jair e., speciosus pelle decora, Hor. Ep. 
I, 16, 45: cf. Sat. 2, 1,64: v. OUTSIDE. 

exterminate: 1, expr. by inter- 
nécio (v. foll. art.) and verb; ad inter- 
necionem redigere, Caes. B. G. 2, 28; ad 
int. caedere, Liv. 9, 26; ad int. delere, 
Liv. 9, 45; ad int. adducere (to cause to 
be ed), Liv. 41, 253 ad int. trucidare, 
Vell. To be ed, ad int. (omnes) perire, 
Liv. 25, 26, jin. 2, expr. by occidio, 
onis, 7., and verb: occidione occidere, 








Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 1, med.: Liv. 28, 43, 
med.; occidione caedere, Just. To be 
e.d, oecidione occumbere, T'ac. A. 12, 38. 
3. déleo, Evi, étum, 2 (to wipe off 
from the face of the earth): v. TO DE- 
STROY. 4, intérimo, 3: v. To cur 
orF (II.). N.B. Not exterminare, which, 
in the best authors, is te expel from the 
boundaries. 
extermination : 1. internécio, 
Onis, f.: wars waged to e., bella ad int. 
gesta, Nep.: Cic.: v. preced. art. a 
occidio, Onis, #. (which implies actwal 
cutting down in battle; whereas inter- 
necio is wholesale destruction by any 
means): Cic.: v. preced. art. Phr.: @ 
war of e., bellum internecivum, Cic. : 
Liv. 


exterminator: exstinctor: Just. 
16, £, med. 
external: 1, externus (being or 


coming from without): fortune, mistress 
of e. things, \ortuna dumina rerum ex., 
Cic.: Hor.: v. FOREIGN. 2. exter 
or extérus; with comp. extérior: the e. 
parts of bodies, extera corporum, Plin. 
22, 23, 49: Cic.: Vv. OUTER. 3. ex- 
traneus (more freq. in sense of stranger : 
q. v.): e. things (i.e. which are not 
under our own control), res ex., Cic. Inv. 
2, 59, 178. 4. very often expr. by 
extra, extrinsécus: to perceive (by the 
senses) e objects, quae extra sunt per- 
cipere, Cic.: (to affirm that) there are 
certain bodily and e. goods, et in corpure 
et extra esse quaedam bona, Cic. Fin. 2, 
21, 68: e. images effect an entrance to 
the soul by the body, imagines extrin- 
secus in animos nostros per corpora 
irrumpere, Cic. Acad. 2, 40, 125: e. 
objects, haec quae sunt extrinsecus, Cic. 

externally: extrinsécus (from with- 
out, on the outside): Cic. 

extinct : 1, extinctus (cut off, 
destroyed) : families now e., familiae 
quae jam ex. sunt, Tac. A. 4, 33, fin.: 
Sall. 2. obsdlétus (disused): mili- 
tary ambition being now e. among our 
youth, studiis militaribus apud juven- 
tutem obsoletis, Cic. Font. 15, 32: v. 
OBSOLETE. 8. mortuus (fig.): an- 
cient and e. laws, leges antiquae et m., 
Cic.: v. DEAD. Phr.: the Julian and 
Claudian families being e., finita Juli- 
orum Claudiorumque domo Tac.: to 
become e. from age (of an opinion), 
vetustate exarescere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, 
15- 


extinction: 1, exstinctio (anni- 
hilation) : Cie. 9. intéritus, ts: v, 
DESTRUCTION. 3. excidium (utter dee 


struction): Virg.: Hor. (For lit. sense, 
expr. by verb, v. foll. art.) 

extinguish: 1, exstinguo, pxi, 
netum, 3: to e. a conflagration, incen- 
dium ex., Cic.: to e. a light, lucernam 
ex., Plin. 2, restinguo, 3: to ea 
Jjlame, flammam r., Cic.: Sall. Phr.: 
to e. any one’s hope, spem alicui prae- 
cidere, Cic.: ali (my) hopes are e.’d, 
occidit spes omnis, Hor.: v. TO DESTROY, 
PERISH. 

extinguisher: |, A person who 
extinguishes : exstinctor (incendii), Cic. 

Il. An instrument for putting out 

lights: (?) pnigeus, i (a vessel shaped 
hike an inverted funnel; a cover or 
damper): Vitr. (R. and A.), 

extirpate: 14, exstirpo, 1 (to take 
up by the roots): oft. fig.: to e. vices, 
Vitia ex., Cic.: v. TO ERADICATE. oe 
excido, di, sum, 3 (by cutting or other 
violent means): to e. brambles from 
fields, rubos arvis ex., Quint. 9, 4, 5: to 
e. anger (from the mind), iram ex., Sen. 

3, very oft. expr. by stirps, gens, 

genus, with a verb: this source of evil 
will be utterly e.d, exstinguetur atque 
delebitur stirps ac semen malorum, Cic. 
Cat. 1, 12, 33: utterly to e. superstition, 
superstitionis stirpes omnes ejicere, Cic. : 
they (the drones) are not to be abso- 
lutely e.d, nec ad occidionem gens in- 
terimenda est, Col. 9, 15, ad init.: v. 
TO DESTROY. 

exstirpation: excidium, exstinctio: 
V. DESTRUCTION. (More freq. expr. by 
verb: v. preced. art.) 


EXTOL 


extol: laudo, laudibus fero or efféro, 


Praedico v. TO PRAISE. 
extort: — 1, extorqueo, si, tum, 2 
(by torture, force, or importunity): to 


e. money from any one, (pecuniam) ab 


aliquo ex., Cic.: by violence, vi ex., Cic. 
2. exprinio, pressi, ssum, 3 (to 


wring from, to elicit by pressure of 


any kind): he is said to have e..d 200 
sestertia from a young man, dicitur 
dcenta sestertia juveni expressisse, 
Suet. Vesp. 4: Cic.: to ea confession 
som any one, ex. alicui confessionem, 
iv. Phr.; toe. money from a man by 
threatening him with law, litium ter- 
rore pecuniam ab aliquo abradere, Cic, 
7,19. See alsv TO EXACT. 
extortion: 1. (péciiniae) répét- 
undae (lit. monies proper to be claimed 
again: in various legal phr.) /iso 
first brought forward a law respecting 
e., Piso legem primus de pecuniis repe- 
tundis tulit, Cic. Brut 27, 106 but in 
other authors the sus. is usu. omitted 
to accuse a person of @., aliquem repet- 
undarum or de repetundis, (Cic.) pos- 
tulare, Suet. being accused of e., repet- 
undarum reus, Sall.: to be found guilty 
v é., repetundarum damnari, convinci, 
juet, 2. expr. by verb: to have 
been guilty of e.in many cases, *mulia 
vi [minis, metu ] expressisse, extorsisse : 
V.TOEXTORT. 3, concussio (by illegal 
intimidation): Dig. 4, rapina (vio- 
lent €.): V. ROBBERY. 
extortionate: ripax: Cic. Verr. 3, 
2, 4: v. RAPAcIOUS. Phr: a most e. 
rate of interest, iniquissimum fenus, 
Cic.: Vv. UNFAIR, EXORBITANT. 


extortionately: inique, nimiis 
exactionibus: v. UNFAIRLY, EXORBI- 
TANTLY. 

extortioner: 1, raptor (gen. 


term for one who appropriates wrong- 
fully): cf. Tac. H. 2, 86: Vulg. Luc. 
XViii. 11, 2, homo rapax: v. EXTOR- 
TIONATE. 3. @ vulturius (provin- 
ciae): Cic. in Pis. 16 fin. 

extra (adv.): i.e. over and above: 
praetérea: v BESIDES. Sometimes used 
as adj.: e. care, praecipua cura: v 
PARTICULAR, SPECIAL. 

extract (v.): |. Lit.: to draw 
out: 1, extraho, xi, ctum, 3: toe. 
veins (surgically), venas ex., Sen.: Vv. TO 
DRAW OUT. 2, exprimo, pressi, ssum, 
3 (by pressure): to e. the juice froma 
root, ex. succum radici, Plin. Fig.- to 
e. some cash from any one by soft words, 
blanditiis ab aliquo aliquid nummulorum 
ex., Cic. Att. 1, 19, 7. 8. évello, i, 
vulsum, 3 (esp. of certain surgical opera- 
tions) - to e. teeth, dentes e., Cels. 7, 12, 
1 (Cic. has the subs.: v. EXTRACTION). 
Phr.: toe. teeth, dentes excipere (manu, 
forcipe), Cels, 1. c.; dentes eximere, Suet. 
Vesp. 5; dentes extrahere, Plin. 32, 7, 
6: Cels.: to e. bones, ossa legere, Sen. 
Prov. 3, 23 toe. the juice of horehound, 
marrubium exsuccare, Coel. Aur, Il. 
To make a literary extract: excerpo, 
psi, ptum, 3: Cic.: Plin. 

extract (subs.): |. That which is 
expressed from substances: perh. liquor: 
thus Stat. has Assyrius liquor, of a 
kind of balsam: or expr. by exprimo: 
the e. of a root, radicis succus expressus : 
v. preced. art. (1.) ||. Literary: ex- 
cerptio: Gell. But usu. better expr. by 
verb: he never read without ma/cing e.s, 
nihil unquam legit quod non excerperet, 
Plin. Ep. ; e.s (i. e. a collection of them), 
excerpta, Marc. Aur. 

extraction: |, The act of draw- 
ing out: €vulsio (e. g. dentis): Cic. 
N. D. 3, 21, 59. (Or expr. by verb: 
the e. of the weapon would cause his 
immediate death, si ferrum extraxisset, 
animam statim emissurum, cf. Nep. 
Epam. 9.) |, Descent by blood: stirps, 
génus: Vv. RACE, DESCENT. Phr.: of 
Syracusan e., oriundus ab Syracusis, 
Liv. 24, 6: also with ex and abl., Liv. 2, 
9, init. (Oriundus strictly denotes 
a remoter connexion by blood than 
ortus.) 

extrajudicial; *quod fit extra ju- 
dicium; extra forensium cancellorum 









EXTRAVAGANTLY 


circumscriptionem : cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 
12, §2. 

extrajudicially: extra judicium(?): 
Vv. preced. art. 

extraneous: 1, extraneus(whiwh 
has a foreign source): cf. Auct. Her. 3, 
A502 2. adventicius (coming from 
without): Cic.. Liv Jcin: externus 
et (aque) adventicius, Cic. 3, aliénus 
(unconnected with): ¥. FOREIGN 

extraordinarily: 1, praeter or 
extra modum (exceeding the ordinary 
degree). the lake having risen e. high, 

uum lacus praeter modum crevisset, 

ic. ane. harshand unmusical voice, vox 
extra modum absona, Cic, 2. prae- 
ter solitum, mugis solito, ete. Vv. UN- 
USUALLY. See also EXCEEDINGLY. (N.B. 
kxtra ordinem signifies out of the re- 


gular course or order.) 


extraordinary : |. Out of the 
regular course : 1. quod extra ordi- 
nem fit. to decree a province to any 
one in am e. (or special) manner, extra 
or provinciam alicui decernere, Cic. : 
commissioner é., *legatus extra or, mis- 
sus: hence, 2, extraordinarius (e.g. 
imperium, honos): Cic. I]. In loose 
sense, out of the common way: Inis\ta- 
tus, insdlitus, mirabilis, ete.: v. uN- 
USUAL, REMARKA LE. Phr.: ane. phe- 
nomenon, miraculum, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 5. 
extravagance: |, In gen. sense’ 
expr. by immddicus; there was an e. 
about both his language and his actions, 
cum verbis tum rebus immodicus (erat), 
Suet. Dom. 12, fin.: e. in dress, *immo- 
dicus vestitus. v. foll. art. and EXcEs- 
SIVE. Phr.: avoid e., ne quid nimis 
(Gr. pydev ayav), Ter.. e. of joy, ef- 
fusio animi in laetitia, Cic. (v. ae 
I]. Specially, of expenditure : > 
expr. by sumptus, ls, esp. with an adj. : 
with what e, they lived, quantis et quam 
profusis sumptibus vixerint, Cic. Clu. 
13, 36: why do you furnish the means 
of indulging in this e.? cur ww his rebus 
sumptum suggeris? Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 37: 
unbounded e., infinitae sumptuum pro- 
fusiones, Vitr. 2. profiisio: Suet.: 
Plin. jun. (v. supr. 1). 3, prodiga- 
litas, prodigentia: Vv. PRODIGALITY. 4, 
luxuria or -es (in gratifying the appe- 
tites): the present e. in building and 
living, protusa haec in aedificiis com- 
meatibusque 1, Vell. Phr.: with all 
their (wanton) e., they cannot run through 
their wealth, tamen summa libidine di- 
vitias suas vincere nequeunt, Sall. Cat. 20. 
extravagant: |. In gen. sense; 
exceeding bounds : 1, immddicus: e. 
and unreasonable freedom, im. et in- 
tempestiva libertas, Vell.: Cic.: v. mm- 
MODERATE. 2. nimius vy. EXCESSIVE. 
3. effusus (pouring out without 
restraint): e. license, et. licentia, Liv 
who more e, in giving ? quis in largitione 
effusior ? Cic, Coel. 6, 13 (where the phr. 
is used in good sense). 4, in-anus. 
Vv. INSANE, UNREASONABLE. wus 
expenditure: 1, sumptudsus (boih 
in act. and pass. sense): at once mean 
and e., sordidus simul et s., Plin. Ep.: 
Cic.. v. EXPENSIVE, SUMPTUOUS. 2, 
profisus: v, LAVISH.  §, prddigus 
Join: largitor et prodigus, Cie. Cat. 4, 
5, to: [luxus] prodigus effususque, 
Gell. 7,11, med. 4, luxtiridsus (g) ati- 


Jying the appetites to excess): e. ban- 


quets, |. convivia, Just.: v. LUXURIOUS, 
Phr.: to be very e., extra modum 
sumptu et magnificentia prodire, Cic. 
Off. 1, 39, 140. 
extravagantly: _ |. Ingen.sense: 
immoddicé, magis aequo Vv. EXCES- 
SIVELY. “||, With ref. to expenditure: 
1, sumptudsé (expensively): esp. 
in compar.: to buy horses and dogs 
sumewhat e. equos et canes paullo 
sumptuosius emere, Plin. Ep. 11, 12: 
Cic. 2, profuse (lavishly): Sall. . 
Liv. 8, efftasé (sim. to preced.): 
Join: large effuseque [donare], Cic, 
Rose. A. 8, extr. 4. prodigé: v. pro- 
DIGALLY. 5, nimis: v. EXCESSIVELY. 
6. insané (cf. Hor. “ non ego sanius 
bacchabor Edonis,” Od. 2, 7, 26): v. 
MADLY. 














crops, 1. segetes, Cic.: Virg. 


etc. : 


EXUBERANT 


extravasated (part. adj.): Phr.; 
e. blood, *sanguis (cruor) extra venas 
effusus, 
extreme (adj.): |, Lit. far- 
thest, outermost: 1. extrémus, ex- 
timus: the e. town of the Allobreges, 
extremum oppidum Allobrogum, Caes.: 
Cic. 2, ultimus (esp. poet.) Hor.: 
v. LAST. Phr.. the e. end of the line, 
novissimum agmen, Caes. ll. Fig.: 
exceeding ordinary limits: 1, sum- 
mus: ¢. old-age, s. senectus, Cic.: e, 
justice (is) e. injustice (prov.), s. jus s. 
injuria, Cic.: e. danger, s. periculum, 
Cic. 2, ultimus (stronger than pre- 
ced., as if at the very end of the scale) : 
e. danger, u. discrimen, Liy.: these seem 
to me to be the very e. of evils, haec mihi 
videntur ultima esse in malis, Brut, in 
Cic.: e. (capital) punishment, u. sup- 
plicium, Caes.. Liv. 3. extrémus: 
e. hunger, ex. fames, Caes. (appy. not so 
in Cic.): that e. measure, illud ex. atque 
ultimum S. C., Caes. B. C. 1, 5. 4, 
ingens, ntis (in looser sense, unusually 
great) : V. IMMENSE. 
extreme (s7bs.): expr by summus, 
extremus, ultimus: the e. of contumely, 
extrema contumelia, Brut. in Cie.: what 
was the e. of freedom, quid ultimum in 
libertate esset, Tac.: to have recourse to 
e.8, descendere ad extrema, Cic.: v. pre- 
ced. art. Phr.: (the rule) to avoid e.s, 
ut ne quid nimis, Ter. And. 1, 1, 34. 
they run to the other e., in contraria cur- 
runt, Hor. S. 1, 2, 24. 
extremely: 1, summé (in the 
highest deg) ee): e. gratifying, s. jucund- 
us, Cic.: to desire e., s. concupiscere, 
Cic.; s. cupere, Caes, 2. maximo 
opere (inaximépére): v. EXCEEDINGLY. 
3. expr. by superl. of adj.: an e. 
clever man, homo ingeniosissimus, ete. : 
where see the adj. 
extremity: — |. The extreme part 
of any thing: 1, expr. by extrémus: 
the es of the fingers, extremi digiti, 
Cic.: v. END (ILL). 2. extrémitas: 
cold of the es, trigus extremitatum, 
Plin.: cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 102. 3. 
cacamen (extreme point): v. POINT. 
Il. Fig.: an extreme case: Phr.: 
to «ndergo every e. of suffering, ex- 
trema pati, Tac. H. 4, 59, extr.: we are 
reduced to es, ad extrema perventum 
est, Curt. 4. 14, ad fin. : to be reduced to 
es, in summas angustias adductum 
esse, Cic. Quint. 5, 19: see also EXTREME 
(subs.). 
extricate: 1. expédio, 4 (to get 
out of difficulties): toe. oneself from a 
noose (fig.), ex laqueo se ex., Cic. Verr. 
2, 2, 42, 102: also with abl. alone, Hor. 
Od. 1, 27, 24: or absol., Nep. Eum. 5. 
2. solvo, exsolvo, 3: Vv. TO RELEASE, 
8, extraho, xi, ctum, 3 (in any way 
to draw out, out of the reach of ): to e. 
the city Jrom the greatest peril, urbem 
ex periculis maximis ex., Cic. Sext. 4, 


11: Nep. 4, libéro, 1: v. TO LIBE- 
RATE, FREE FROM. 5. extrico, t 
(rare). Hor. Od. 3, 5, 31. Phr.. toc. 


oneself from any thing (fig.), emergere 

(to rise from out of): foll. by ex, ab, 

and abl.; Cic.: v. TO EMERGE. 
extrinsic; extraneus: v. EXTERNAL 


extrude: extrudo, expello: v. To 
THRUST OUT, EXPEL. 
exuberance: 1. luxiiria, luxiiriea, 


éi (esp. of that which grows luxuriant. 
ly): e. of foliage, |. foliorum, Vig. 
Fig. of style, Cic. de Or. 2, 23,96. 2, 
rédundantia. youthful e. of style, ju- 
venilis r., Cic. Or. 30, 108. 8. ibertas 
(in good sense, whether lt. or fig.): v, 
FRUITFULNESS, COPIOUSNESS. (N.B. Not 
extibérantia, which occurs in Gell. in 
different sense: cf. Noct. Att. 2, 26.) 
Phr.: there ought to be some e. of style, 
efflorescat et redundet vportet oratio, 
Gic. de Or. 1, 6, 20: cf. ib. 2, 21, 88. 
Phr.: e. of joy, effusa laetitia, Liv. 
exuberant: |. Growing rankly: 
1, luxtiridsus: e. crops of grain, L 
frumenta, Cic.: Col. 2, laetus: e. 
: V. FRUIT 
FUL, ABUNDANT. Il. Fig. of style, 
1, rédundans, ntis (characteristio 
279 


EXUBERANTLY 





FABLE 





of the Asiatic school of oratory; opp. to 


pressus): Cic. Br. 13, 51: cf. preced. 
art. 2. effusus (unrestrained, over- 
flowing ; as of emotions): Liv. (v. pre- 
ced. art. fin.). Phr.: to bee. (of style): 
redundare, efflorescere, Civ. 

exuberantly: ibertim (the comp. 
tibérius is more freq.): V. FRUITFULLY, 
ABUNDANTLY. 

exudation: 1. gutta (inthe form 
of a drop): to drip with oozing e.s (of a 
cave), g. manantibus stillare, Lucr. 6, 
944: V. DROP. 9. glatinum or gluten, 
inis, 7. (of a sticky nature): Virg. G. 
4, 160. 8. lacryma (esp. from trees 
or plants): the e.s of trees which yield 
gluten, |. arborum quae gluten pariunt, 
Plin. 11, 6, 5: Virg. l. c. (supr.). 4. 
sador (prop. the sweat of animals; also 
an e. of any kind): the e. of a stone 
hardened, s. lapidis coagulatus, Plin.: 
of amber, id. 34, 2, II. 5, expr. by 
sudo, mano, émano: v. foll. art. 

exude: 1, sido, 1: fo e. (with) 
moisture, s. bumore, Lucr.: oftener with 
acc.: to e. honey (of trees), mella s., 
Virg.: Just. 2. exsiido (extdo), 1: 
the injurious moisture e.s, ex. inutilis 
humor, Virg.: also with acc., Col. By 
mano, t (to flow in a slow trickling 
manner): warm drops e. from the trée, 
tepidae m. ex arbore guttae, Ov.: Virg.: 
Vv. TO FLOW, TRICKLE. 4, éluctor, 1 
(used of fluid forcing its way out), Virg. 
G. 2, 244. 

exulcerate: exulcéro, 1 
fig.): v. TO AGGRAVATE (I. 5). 

exulceration: exulcératio (lit. and 
fig.): Plin.: Sen. 

exult: 1, gestio, 4 (to express joy 
in gestures): to e. with joy, laetitia g., 
Cic.: Liv.: v. TO REJOICE. , ex- 
sulto, I (lit. to bound with joy): to e. 
with joy, laetitia ex., Cic.: Liv.: also 
foll. by in and abl., when it signifies to 
be overbearing (Vv. RAMPANT, TO BE). 
Also foll. by a clause: the Greeks e. over 
having foreigners as judges, Graeci ex. 
quod peregrinis judicibus utuntur, Cic. 
Att. 6,1,12. . 8, insulto, 1 (to e. over 
any one; usu. with dat. of person: also 
with abl. of cause): to e. over any one 
in his calamity, in. alicui in calamitate, 
Cic.: Virg.: Ov.: to e. over any one’s 
death, morti alicujus in., Prop.: Stat. : 
less freq. the object over which, is expr. 
by in and acc.: to e. over any one's 
miseries, in alicujus miserias in., Auct. 
Her. 4, 39, 51: Vv. TO INSULT. 4. 
gaudeo, laetor, glorior: v. TO REJOICE, 
BOAST. 

exultant: 1, laetabundus, Gell. 

2. laetus: Join: laetus atque 

gestiens, Plin. 8,17, 21. 8. efférens 
sese: with abl. (scelere atque superbia), 
Sall. Jug. 14, med. 

exultation: 1, exsultatio : Sen.: 
Tac. 9. gestiens laetitia: Cic.: v. 
JOY. 

exultingly: expr. by adj, (L. G. 
§ 343): V. EXULTANT. 

eye (subs.) : 1, Sciilus (dimin. 
Scellus, used by way of endearment: 
Pl.: Cat): in most senses and applica- 
tions of the Eng.: blue e.s, caerulei o., 
Tac.: jet black e.s, nigri o., Hor.: gray 
(gleaming) e.s, caesii o., Cic.: beautiful 
e.8, venusti 0., Cic.: prominent e.s, 0. 
prominentes, Cic.: hideous (ghastly) e.s, 
foedi o., Sall.: to open the e.s, oculos 
aperire, Cic.; wide, o. diducere, Quint. : 
to shut the e.s, 0. operire, premere (v. 
TC CLOSE): to become blind with one e., 
altero o. capi, Liv. 22, 2, extr.: to cast 
the €.s upor, any one, 0. conjicere in ali- 
quem, Cic.: to turn anay the es from 
any thing, 0. ab aliqua re dejicere, Cic. 
Fig.: e.s in peacocks’ tails, oculi caudae 
pavonuin, Plin. 13, 15, 30: to see any 
thing with the es of the mind, mentis 
oculis aliquid videre, Cic. Or. 29, ror. 

2. ltimen, inis, n. (in prose only 
pl.): (Democritus) having lost the use 
of hts e.s, luminibus amissis, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 39, 114: robbed of his (single) e., cui 
L.ademptum, Virg.: Ov. (Simly lux is 
sometimes used, but much less freq.: 
effossae vestigia lucis [uf Oedipus], Stat. 
280 


(lit. and 





Theb. 11, 585: Ov.) 3, acies, ai (lit. 
a sharp edge: hence the e.s as seeing dis- 
tant or minute objects): such subtlety 
as to elude the e., tanta tenuitas ut aciem 
fugiat, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50: hither now 
turn thy two e.s, huc geminas nunc flecte 
acies, Virg.: Ov. Very often fig. of the 
mind : if the e. (of the mind) is so kept 
as not to be blinded by error, si ejus a. 
ita curata est ut ne erroribus caecetur, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 39. 4, (when e.s = 
sight) conspectus, tis: before the very e.s 
of our army, in c. exercitus nostri, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 11: as far as the e.s could reach, 
quo longissime conspectum oculi fere- 
bant, Liv. 1, 18: Vv. SIGHT, PRESENCE. 
Phr.: blind of one e., luscus, Liv. (v. 
ONE-EYED): having a cast in the e., 
strabo, paetus (Vv. SQUINTING, CAST, subs, 
YV.): having sore or bleared e.s, lippus, 
Hor.: with their es bathed in tears, 
lacrimis obortis, Virg. Aen. 11, 41 (else- 
where, lacrymis oculos suffusa, of Venus, 
Aen. I, 228): to make the es water, 
delacrymationem facere, Plin.: water- 
ing of the eyes (as a malady), de- 
lacrymationes, Plin.: smoke that makes 
the e.s water, lacrymosus fumus, Hor. S. 
I, 5, 80: todo any thing with one’s es 
open (fig.), aliquid scientem, prudentem 
facere (v. KNOWINGLY). 

eye (v.): Phr.: toe. any one askance, 
limis 
Ter.: transversa tueri, Virg.: v. TO 
LOOK AT. 

eye-ball: puipula: Cic.: v. PUPIL. 

eye-bright: *euphrasia: Withering. 

eye-brow: slpercilium: ove e. ele- 
vated to the forehead, the other sunie to 
his chin, altero ad frontem sublato, al- 
tero ad mentum depresso s., Cic. in Pis. 
6, extr.: to contract the es (frown), 
supercilia contrabere, Quint. 

eye-glass: perspicillum (“vitrum 
adjuvandis oculis’’): Forcell. Gloss. 

eye-lash: palpebrarum pili: cf. Cic. 
N. PD. 2,/57, 143. 

evelet-hole: foramen (any hole 
bored through): V. APERTURE. 

eyelid: palpebra (sing. extremely 
rare): Cic. Yo move the e.s, palpebrare, 
Coel. Aur 

eye-salve: coll¥rium: Hor. 

eye-service: perh. obséquium: v. 
COMPLAISANCE. Phr.: not with e., *non 
ad oculum servientes, Vulg. Eph. vi. 6 
(Gr. of@adpmodovAcia, obsequium ad 
oculos exhibitum, Wabl.). 

eye-sight: cies, Gi: unimpaired e., 
incolumis a., Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84. Phr.: 
to lose one’s e., oculos perdere, Auct. 
Her.; lumina amittere, Cic.: v. EYE 
(IL). Phr.: the loss of e. lux ad- 
empta, Ov. 

eye-sore (subs.): *res odiosa, invisa 
aspectu: V. HATEFUL. 

eye-tooth: dens cininus: Plin. 

eye-water: *liquor ophthalmicus 
(R. and A.). 

eye-witness: arbiter, tri, m. : places 
where there are no e.s (of what you do), 
loca ab arbitris libera, Cic, Att. 15, 16: 
Pl. (Oculatus testis in Pl. Truc. 2, 6, 
8, opp. to auritus is said faceté.) Phr.: 
ali, the circumstances of which I was 
an €., omnia quibus interfueram, Plin. 


Ep. 6, 16, 22. 
F. 


ABLE (subs.): |. Any fictitious 

story: ], fabiila (esp. with an at- 
tributive) : poetic fis, f. poeticae, Liv. : 
imaginary f.s, fictae f., Cic.: would you 
have me believe f.s ? num me evogis fabu- 
lis credere? Cic. Div. 2. 55, 113. a 
expr. by fictus, commenticius: v. FIC- 
TION. |]. An apologue : 1, fabila: 
Phaedr.: Hor. Dimin. fabella, a short, 
little f., Phaedr. (who uses the two 
words interchangeably). 2. apdlogus 
(a story with an additional meaning to 
it; a species comprehended under the 
genus fabula): to tell any one a f. 
(parable), agere alicui a., Pl: cf. Cic. 
Inv. I, 17, 25: Gell. Gwho so calls the 


oculis (aliquem) aspicere, PI.: | 








FACE 





fs of Esop: Noct. Att. 2, 29).  $, 
narratio ficta, commenticia (a ficti- 
tious story, of whatever kind) : v. STORY. 

fable (v.): 1, comminiscor, men- 
tus, 3: Epicurus f.d an idle race of gods, 
Kpicurus deos nihil agentes commentus 
est, Cic.: Vv. TO INVENT, FABRICATE, 
Join: confingere et comminisci, Auct, 
Her. 2. expr. by fabiila: not with- 
out reason has it been f.d that Orestes 
. . +, Don sine causa fictis f. homines 
memoriae prodiderunt, Orestem, ete., 
Cic. Mil. 3, 8: tt is further f.d that ..., 
additur fabulae quod, etc., Liv. 1, 11: as 
it is f.d, ut est in fabulis (R. and A.): 
v. preced. art. 

fabled (part. adj.): commenticius: 
Y. FICTITIOUS, IMAGINARY. 

fabric: |. An edifice : aedificium ; 
a huge f., moles, is, f.: V. BUILDING, 
PILE. [|]. Woven or other stuff : if 
textum, textile (woven; usu. pl.): Vv 
CLOTH. 2. textiira (like preced.): the 
Jf. of the Coan loom, Coae f. Minervae, 
Prop. 8, fabrica (work of a carpen- 
ter or smith ; hence by analogy, of other 
structures): Cic.: V. FRAME. lll. 
Mode of construction: (?) textira: v. 
WEAVING. 

fabrication: _ |, Lit., the making 
of sumething: fabricatio: Cic.: v. FoR- 


MATION. I]. Fig., a fictitious state- 
ment : 1, mendacium: v. LIE, FALSE- 
HOOD. 2, commentum (something 


ingeniously put together): Cic.: Liv.: 
¥. FICTION. 8, fabiila (a mere story) : 
he is beginning a f., fabulam inceptat, 
Ter. Andr. 5, 4, 22: v. FABLE (I.) 
Phr.: the audacious f:s of Greece, quid- 
quid Graecia mendax audet [in historia], 
Juv. 

fabulist: 1, fabularum s. apo- 
logorum scriptor: v. FABLE (II.). Oy 
fabilator (a story-teller, of any kind: 
Sen.: Suet.): Gell, who applies the 
term to Esop, Noct. Att. 2, 29, iit. 

fabulous: 1, fictus: v. FicTI- 
TIOUS. 2. commenticius: to give cre- 
dibility to f, stories, fidem c. rebus ad- 
jungere, Cic. Div 2, 55, 113. 8, fabi- 
losus (abounding in fables and legends : 
Hor.): the f poems of the Greelcs, f. 
Graecorum carmina, Curt. Also of what 
is false, though current: I believe tt to 
be f. (what is said) about owls, fabulo- 
sum arbitror de strigibus, Plin. 11, 39, 
95: to regard any thing as f. or fictiti- 
ous, aliquid f. aut commenticium putare, 
Suet. Caes. 81. 4, fabilaris, e (e. g. 


historia: rare): Suet. 5, falsus: v 
FALSE, 

fabulously: — 1. fabiildsé (mot in 
early writers): Plin.: Amm. 3: 


ficté : v. FICTITIOUSLY, FALSELY. 
face (subs.): |. Lit. of a human 
being: 1, facies, Gi, f. (stTictly, the 
entire form, bat specially, the human 
countenance): only man j.ossesses a f., 
f. homini tantum, Plin.: to know a per- 
son by the f. (“by sight’’), aliquem de f. 
nosse, Cic in Pis. 32, exti.: v. FIGURE, 
APPEARANCE. 2. Os, dris, n. (Qf man 
or beast; strictly, the mouth and parts 
about it): esp. pl., Deiphobus with his 
f. brutally mangled, Deiphobus lacer 
crudeliter ora, Virg. Esp. in sense of 
presence: before the very f. and eyes of 
any one, in ore atque oculis alicujus. 
Cic.: to praise any one to his f., laudare 
aliquem coram in os, Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5. 
8. vultus, tis (with ref. to the ex- 
pression) : V¥. COUNTENANCE, PEATURES. 
Phr.: face to face, cOram: as adv., or 
with abl.: as soon as I was f. to f. (with 
you), ut veni c., Hor.: as if I were 
talking with you f. to f., quasi tecum c. 
loquerer, Cic.: f. to f. with @ robber, 
c. latrone, Juv. (Coram sometimes 
stands after its case, ipso Germanico 
coram, Tac.: V. PRESENCE OF,IN.) To set 
the f. against, répugno, adversor, 1: 
the consuls neither agreed to it nor yet 
decidedly set their f.s against it, consules 
neque concedebant neque valde repug- 
nabant, Cic.: when nature sets her f. 
against it, adversante et repugnante nae 
tura, Cic.: v.TOOPPOSE. |], By meton, 
sight, presence: conspectus, dctili: vy. 





FACE 


EYE (IV.), PRESENCE. II. Aspect : 
spécies: v. APPEARANCE, 
face (v.): |, Zo confront: 1, 
obviam eo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (o with- 
stand; with dat.): they f.d the arro- 
gance of the nobility, obv. itum est 
euperbiae nobilitatis, Sall.: tof. dan- 
gers, ob. ire periculis, SalL.: Cic.: Liv. 
2. oppodno, posui, positum, 3 (lo 
put oneself in the way of ; with reflect. 
pron. and dat.): to f. death, opponere se 
morti, Cic.; to f. dangers on vehalf of 
the commonuealth, opp. se periculis pro 
republica, Cic. 3. offéro, obtuli, ob- 
latum, 3 (ke preced.: with refl. pron. 
and dat., or acc. with ad): as soon as 
I came to Rome, I at once f.d the wick- 
edness and madness of Antony, ut Ro- 
mam veni, statim me obtuli Antonii 
sceleri atque dementiae, Cic.: tof. death 
for one’s country, se pro patria offerre 
ad mortem, Cic. 4, dbeo, ivi and ii, 
itum, 4 (with acc.): to f. hardships, 
labores ob., Cic.: Liv.: v. TO UNDERGO, 
\|. To look towards: aspecto, I: V. 
TO COMMAND (I1I.); LOOK TOWARDS. 
II]. Milit. term: to wheel round: 
1, signa converto, ti, sum, 3: the 
Romans f.d about and atcacked them in 
two divisions, Romani conversa signa 
bipartito intulerunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: 
Liv. 2, agmenconverto: he f.d about 
and led off his army tn safety, converso 
agmine, exercitum incolumem reduxit, 
Front. 1, 1, 11. 


facet: of a precious stone: parva 
superticies angularis (?). 
facetious: facetus: Cic.; v. HU- 


MOROUS, WITTY. 

facetiously ; faceté: Cic. 

facetiousness: ficetiae, arum: 
making one laugh more by his face than 
his f., facie magis quam facetiis ridi- 
culus, Cic. Att. 1.13, 2: to excel in wit 
and f., sale f.que superare, Cic.: v. 
HUMOUR, WIT. 

facial; ad faciem pertinens: *faci- 


alis,e: M. L. (P.): the f. muscles, mus- 
culi faciales (P.). 
facilitate; facilius reddo: v. To 


RENDER EASY: to f. @ person’s know- 
ledge of a thing, faciliorem r. alicui 
cognitionem rei, Cic. Phr.: to f. my 
labour in some degree, ut aliqua pars 
laboris minuatur mibi, Ter. Heaut. prol. 
42: that count will greatly f. convic- 
tion, is locus magno ad persuadendum 
momento futurus est, Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 
1]: V. TO ASSIST, HELP. 

facility: |. In act. sense, dex- 
terity, readiness: facilitas : 7. of speech, 
f. sermonis, oris, Quint. 2. Of tem- 
per: to abuse one's f., i. e. easy temper, 
f. alicujus abuti, Cic.: v. GOOD-NATURE. 

. In pass. sense: the possibility 

of a thing being done: 1. facultas 
(in this sense, only sing.): let us see 
what f.s there were for undertaking the 
crime, videamus ecqua f. suscipiendi 
maleficii fuerit, Cic. R. Am. 33, 92: 
sometimes f.s ave presented to an unjust 
judge of seeming to have followed the 
evidence, nonnunquam improbo judici 
f. datur, ut videatur testimonium se- 
cutus esse, Cic. Caec. 25.71: Vv. OPPOR- 
TUNITY. 9. copia (also only sing ): 
that circumstance gave me f.s for judg- 
ing, ea res dedit existimandi c., Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 41: V. OPPORTUNITY. 3 
perhaps facilitas: f. of carrying on 
tntrigues, f. adulteriorum, Tac. Ann. 11, 
26: though some here read adulterorum. 
Phr.: with f., facilé, commode, ete. : 
¥. EASE, EASILY. 

facing (prep.): adversus : anté, pro, 
e regione (with gen.): V. BEFORE, OP- 
POSITE TO. 

facsimile: f. of a document, de- 
scriptio imagoque tabularum, Cic. Verr. 
2,77, 190. Phr.: to tuke an exact f. 
of a document, literas liturasque omnes 
assimulatas, expressas, de tabulis in 
libros transferre, Cic. l. c. § 189: tabulas 
summa cura et diligentia exscribere, de- 
scribere, ib. 


fact: |. Actual circumstance, 
reality (q. V.): res, réi, f.: we ought to 
consider the 


<» not mere words, rem 


SEDITIOUS. 





FACULTY 


spectari non verba oportet, Cic.: let us 
ascertain, not merely all f.s, but even 
rumours, non modo res omnes, sed 
etiam rumores cognoscamus, Cic.: they 
say that these are gods not in f. but in 
mere opinion, hos deos non re sed 
opinione esse dicunt, Cic. Il. Deed, 
transaction: factum: to pass from 


fables to fs, ut a fabulis ad facta veni- 


amus, Cic. : a question of f., controversia 
facti, Cic. Phr.: such being the f.s of 
the case, quae cum ita sint, Cic.: Caes. 

fact, in, =indeed: 1, quidem (en- 
clitic): in these parts the dogstar rises 
after the solstice, and that in f. by 
several days, in his locis post solstitium 
Canicula oritur, et quidem aliquot die- 
bus, Cic.: Vv. INDEED. 9, énim (see 
L. G. § 654: never the first word in a 
sentence): he did in f. begin to defend 
himself by force, ille enim se manu de- 
fendere coepit, Caes. B. G. 5, 7: there- 
upon he declares that was not in f. to be 
endured, tum id enim ferendum esse 
negat, Liv. 22, 25. 8. énimvéro 
(more emphatic than enim): i f. 
Chremes is a great deal too cruel to the 
lad, enimvero Chremes nimis graviter 
cruciat adolescentem, Ter Heaut. 5. 
5,1. 4, éténim (and in fact): you say 
well indeed, and in f., I see now what is 
the drift of your remarks, praeciare 
quidem dicis, etenim video Jum quo 
pergat oratio, Cic. Rep. 3, 32. §. re 
ipsa, reapse: V. REALITY (IN). 

faction: |. Party: 1, factio, 
onis, f.: in Gaul there are f.s in every 
state, in Gallia in omnibus civitatibus 
f. sunt, Caes.: to vindicate the liberties 
of the Roman people which were beng 
oppressed by the f. of a few, P. R. pau- 
corum factione oppressum in libertatem 
vindicare, Caes.: this, which existing 
between good men is friendship, between 
the bad is f., haec inter bonos amicitia 


inter malos f. est, Sall. 9. pars, 
partes, f.: V. PARTY. I]. Factztous- 
ness: studium, factio: v. FACTIOUS- 


NESS, PARTY-SPIRIT. 

factious: 1, factidsus: wicked 
and f. men, who had harassed the com- 
monwealth with their seditions, homines 
scelesti, f., qui seditionibus rempublicam 
agitaverant, Sall. Q. séditiosus: v. 
3. turbilentus: v. TUR- 
BULENT. Join: seditiosus civis et 
turbulentus, Cic. 

factiously: 1, séditidsé : when 
Africanus was f. asked what he thought 


of the death of T. Gracchus, Afr. quum 


s. interrogaretur quid de morte ‘T. 
Gracchi sentiret, Cic.: to stir up f., s. 
concitare, Cic. 9. per factionem, per 


seditionem: violently and f., per vim et 


factionem, Cic Att. 7, 9, med. 

factiousness: . factio, nis, f.: 
he vied not with the wealthy in wealth 
nor with the factious in f., non divitiis 
cum divite, neque f. cum factioso cer- 
tabat, Sall.: or expr. by plur.: v. 
L. G. § 591. 9. stiidium (partium) : 
the less of passion and f. there was about 
his speech, the more weight it had, quo 
minus cupiditatis ac studii visa est 
oratio habere, eo plus auctoritatis ha- 
buit, Liv.: v. PARTY-SPIRIT. 

factitious : 1, factitius (-icius) : 
the water washes out the f. dye, diluit 
aqua f. colorem, Plin. 31, 7, 42. 2 
fictus, simiilatus, fiicatus: Vv. FALSE, 
UNREAL, PRETENDED. Join: fucatus 
et simulatus, opp. to sincerus et verus: 
Cie. Am. 25, 95- 

factor: |. Manager,agent: 1. 
procurator (used more extensively than 
the English word): to do business 
through factors, or agents, per procura- 
tores agere, Cic. Att. 4. 16, fin. 2. 
négotiorum (rerum) curator, Cic.: v. 
AGENT. ||. In arithmetic: *numerus 
dividens (?). ‘ 

factory: |, 4 place of business: 
emporium et réceptaciilum mercibus, 
Liv. : v. ENTREPOT. 
officina: V. WORKSHOP. 

faculty: j. Power to act: 14s 
ficultas: the f. of speaking, f. dicendi, 
Cic.: virtues which have their seat m a 


I. Afanufactory: 


FALL 


certain f. of the soul, virtutes quae in 
ingenii quadam facultate sunt, Cia 
9. vis, vim, vi, f. (special force or 
virtue): the special f. of the oretor, 
oratoris vis propria, Cic.: v. PUNCTION. 
[J]. In pl., the fs of the mind: 
vires ingenii, or simply ingenium, mens: 
Vv. MIND. [I]. University ¢. t.: *ordo, 
Inis, m.: (Kr.): the f. of physicians, 
*ordo medicorum, miedicinae profes- 
sorum. (Facultas is without analogy in 
class. Lat.) 
fade: 1, marcesco, 3 (to droop): 
things which bloom most charmingly f. 
most quickly, quae spectatissime florent 
celerrime marcescunt, Plin. Fig.s 
strength fading with old age, marces- 
centes senio vires, Plin.: v. TO DROOP, 
WITHER. 9. défloresco, ui, 3 (strietly 
to shed the flower): when the flower of 
the bean has faded, ubi defioruit faba, 
Plin. Fig.: the mind flourishes and 
f.8 with the body, cum corporibus vigent 
et d. animi, Liv. 6, 23. 8. palleo, 
pallesco, ui (to lose colour: poet.): the 
leaves f., pallescunt frondes, Ov. A. A. 
3, 704: day f.s, pallet dies, Lucan: lest 
the diseased crops f. from the badness 
of the weather, ne vitio coeli palleat 
aegra seges, Ov. F. 1, 688. Phr.: the 
colour of a thing f s, excidit (perit) color 
(alicui rei), cf. Ov. Met. 2, 601: how 
soon f. earth’s purple hues, quam cito 
purpureos deperdit terra colores, Tib. 1, 


4, 29. 
faded (as adj.): 1, marcens, mar- 
cidus (strictly, drooping, withered; ot 
flowers, etc.): Ov.: Claud. 9. de- 
color, oris (of that which has lost its 
proper hue or brilliancy): Vv. DIs- 
COLOURED. 8, pallens, ntis: f. violets, 
p- Violae, Virg.: af. toga, p. toga, Mart. 
4, expr. by verb: as, cui (rei) periit, 
excidit color, etc.: v. TO FADE (jin.). 
fadeless; semper florens, viréns : 


Lucr.: Cic. : Vv. UNFADING. 
fading (adj.): i.e. transient: 1. 
caducus (apt to fall and pass away): 


human affairs are frail and f., res 
bumanae fragiles c.que sunt, Cic. 2. 
fluxus (fleeting): the pride of wealth 
and beauty is f., divitiarum furmaeque 
gloria fluxa est, Sall. 8. fragilis, e: 
V. FRAIL, PERISHABLE. 

fag; i.e. to work hard (in somewhat 
humorous sense): éliboro, stido, déstido, 
exsido, 1: sweating and fugging, de- 
sudans atque elaborans, Cic. Sen. II, 
38: you will have to f. hard enough, if 
you begin with that fellow, sudabis satis, 
si cum illo inceptas homine, Ter. Ph, 4, 
3, 23: while Fedius is sweating and 
f.ing at his briefs, dum P. causas eXx- 
sudat, Hor. S. 1, 10, 28. Phr.: tho- 
roughly f.d out, laboribus plane defati- 
gatus, confectus, Caes.: Cic.: Vv. EX- 
HAUSTED. 

fagot: 1. fascina: carry off the 
cuttings from the vines and make a f. 
of them, sarmenta degere, et f. face, 
Cato. 2, (more usually) fascis, is, m., 
with some dfining word: f. lignorum, 
Tac.; virgultorum, Hirt. 3. sar- 
menta, orum (cu/tings of trees, whether 
in bundles or not): I will presently 
order tie fire and f.s to be put round 
you, jam jubebo ignem et s, circum- 
dari, Pl. 

fail: A. Intrans.: |. To be 
or become wanting: 1. déficio, fécl, 
fectum, 3: corn could not f., non fru- 
mentum d. poterat, Caes. : J should fear 
lest my voice and strength should Tes 
vererer ne vox viresque deficerent, Cic.: 
memory 7.8, memoria d., Cic- 9. dé- 
fio, factus, fitri (infrequent): let food 
netther f. nor be in excess, neque Opso- 
nium defiat, neque supersit, Pl. lL. 
To fail in or of ; i. e. to neglect (q. V. 
désum, fui, esse (with dat.): I will not 
f. of my duty, non deero officio, Cic, 
Phr.: tof. in one’s duty, in officio labi, 
| Cic.; delinquere aliquid, delictum in se 
admittere, Cic.: Ter. Ul. Zo be un- 
successful: 1, cAdo, cécidi, casam, 3: 
‘tof. in a lawsuit, causa c., Cic. : careless 
| whether his play f. or succeed, securug 
cadat an stet fabula, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 176 
F 281 


- 





FAIL, WITHOUT 


FAIR 


FAITHULESSLY 





also with ad irritum: the hope (of Tar- 
quinius) f.ng, ad irr. cadens spes, Liv. 
2, 6, init. 2. concido, idi, 3: bad 
causes he always gained, in the best of 
all he f.’d, malas causas semper obtinuit, 
in optima concidit, Cic. Att.4, 25. 3. 
cédo, cessi, cessum, 3 (impers.; with 
some adv. such as male, secus, etc.): if 
aught had f.’d, i. e., gone ill with him, si 
male cesserat, Hor.: Suet. 4, offendo, 
di, sum, 3 (esp. to f. in court, be non- 
suited): apud judices o., Cic. Clu. 23, 63: 
many brave men have oflen f.’d in the 
uncertain hazard of war, multi fortes 
in incerto periculo belli saepe offen- 
derunt, Cic. Verr. 5, 50,131. 5, expr. 
by irritus (of what is fruitless, abor- 
tive): the hope (had) f.’d, spes ad (al. in) 
irritum redacta, Liv. 28, 31, init.: cf. 
supr. (1). Lat2r authors have irritus 
with gen.: having f.’d in his mission, 
irritus legationis, Tac. H. 4, 32, extr. 
IV. To become insolvent: rationes 
conturbare, foro cedere: v. BANKRUPT. 
B. Trans.: to desert, disappoint 
(q. v.): 1, déficio (with acc. and 
sometimes dat.; very rarely with per- 
sonal subject): time, voice, lungs, f. me, 
me dies, vox, latera d., Cic.: not only 
strength but also weapons f.’d our men, 
non solum vires sed etiam tela nostris 
deficiebant, Caes. 2. défio (infre- 
quent; with dat.): new milk f.s me not 
either in summer or in winter, lac mihi 
non aestate novum non frigore defit, 
Virg.: faith! fortune it is f.s me now, 
pol! mihi fortuna nunc defit! Enn. ap. 
Cic. 3, déséro, ui, rtum, 3 (strictly 
to abandon, q. v.: with acc.): the lamp 
Js me, lucerna me d., Cic.: his knees f. 
this runner, genua hunc cursorem d., 
Pl. 4, destituo, i, itum, 3 (with 
acc.): the wind f.’d him, ventus eum 
destituit, Liv.: his memory f.s him, me- 
moria eum d., Curt. Also used abso- 
lutely: all that depends on the good vill 
of Philip; if he f. us, etc., totum id verti- 
tur in voluntate Philippi; siis destituat 
.-., Liv. 34,7, med.: if hope should f., 
si spes destituat, Liv. 1, 41, ad init. 
fail, without (as adv.): certo, om- 
nino: Vv. CERTAINLY. 
failure : |. Of supply : A: 
défectio: f. of strength, virium d., Cic. : 
Sf. Of breath; i.e. a soon, animae d., 
Cels. 2, deéfectus, ts: f. of milk, 
lactis defectus, Plin. Phr.: there had 
been a partial f. of corn, angustius pro- 
venerat frumentum, Caes. B. G. 5, 24. 
Il. Disappointment, want of success : 
may often be expressed by means of a 
verb or participle: as, after the f. of 
their hopes, they returned home, spe des- 
tituti domos abeunt, Curt.: Jam grieved 
at your f., *doleo quod tibi res tam 
male cessit. 
fain (adv.): i. e. gladly (q. v.): 
chiefly used in hypothetical sentences, 
implying that the thing wished for is 
not obtained: best expr. by a verb, as, 
I would f. you had leant to the Stoics, 
vellem tu ad Stvicos inclinavisses, Cic. : 
so the Ithocan would f. have it, hoc 
Ithacus velit, Virg.: J would f. it had 
not been dome, nollem factum, Ter.: 7 
would f. die, cupio mori, Ter.: I would 
Ff. hear, in faith! studeo, hercle, au- 
dire! Pl.: v.70 wIsH. 
faint (adj.) : |. Weary, exchausted : 
1. delessus (wearied out): f. with 
wounds, vulneribus d., Caes. : v. WEARY, 
EXHAUSTED. 2. confectus (worn out, 
done up): f. with toil and the journey, 
c. labore atque itinere, Cic.: v. worn 
ouT. 8. languidus (drooping; tem- 
porarily exhausted): f. with excess and 
want of sleep, vino vigiliisque 1., Cic. 
Phr.: when I was f. with travelling, 
quum de via linguerem, Cic.: Virg.: 
V. WEARY, FATIGUED. I], Of impres- 
sions upon the senses : 1, hébes, étis 
(used of sight, heaving, smell, taste): a 
f. colour, h. color Ov.: carbuncles of a 
fer colour, carbunculi hebetiores, Plin : 
agrvape hich has only a f. taste, uva 
gustu hebes, Col. 9. languens, lan- 
idus: a f. colour, languidus color, 
Elin 3. surdus, rémissus: v. DULL (1). 
282 











4. dilitus: a f. red, rubor d., 
Plin. ll. Timid, dispirited: démis- 
sus: a f. heart, animus d., Sall.: to be 
dispirited and f.-hearted, esse fracto 
animo et demisso; animo humili atque 
demisso, Cic. Phr.: to damn with f. 
praise, laudare maligne, Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 209; exigue atque frigide laudare, 
Gell. 19, 3: their spirits grow f. again, 
animi relanguescunt, Caves. 

faint (v.): |. To be fatigued: 
défétiscor (rare except in p. part. dé- 
fessus), langueo: Vv. WEARY, TO BE. 

I]. Zoswoon: 1, collabor, lapsus, 
3: Vv. TO SWOON. Q. intermorior, 
mortuus, 3: having fd away while in 
the act of speaking, he expired soon 
after, in ipsa contione intermortuus, 
»paulo post exspiravit, Liv.: Caes. 3, 
linquor, licrtus, 3 (either alone or with 
animo): I f. and fall into the arms of 
the maidservants, linquor et ancillis 
excipienda cad», Ov.: Suet. 

fainthearted: animo demisso (vy. 
FAINT, adj. I11.); ignavus, timidus, im- 
bellis: v. COWARDLY. 

faintheartedness: 1. ignavia: 
Vv. COWARDICE. Q. infractio quaedam 
et demissio animi, Cic. ‘Tusc. 3, 7, 14. 

faintly; languidé: Caes.: Cic. 

faintness: |, Bodily: 1, de- 
fectio: sometimes from sudden f. (i. e. 
a fainting-fit) he would be unable to 
walk, noununquam subita defectione in- 
gredi non poterat, Suet. Cal. 50 (but in 
Cic., def. virium is general failure of 
strength). 2, languor: to bring on f., 
ad languorem dare, Ter.: f. of body, 1. 
corporis, Cic.: v. FATIGUE. Phr.: f. of 
heart: Vv. FAINTHEARTEDNESS. IJ. Of 
sensations: languor: the faults of pre- 
cious stones are f. of colour and a con- 
fusion of foreign colours, gemmarum 
vitia, 1. et alienis turbari coloribus, 
Plin.: v. DULNESS. 

fair (adj.): |, Opp. to dark (niger), 
with additional idea of brilliancy : can- 
didus: f. Dido, c. Dido, Virg.: a f. neck, 
c. cervix, Colla, Hor.: Ov. (Albus is pale: 
q. V.) I]. Beautiful: pulcher, formé- 
sus: V. BEAUTIFUL. Phr.: the f. sex, 
mulieres: v. WOMAN. |], Of weather; 
clear, unclouded : 1, sérénus: f., 
calm daylight, s. et tranquilla lux, Liv.: 
J. weather, tempestas s., Enn. ap. Cic.: 
as subs. serenum = s. tempestas, Suet. 

2. siidus (strictly, without damp- 
ness): chiefly in neut., as, I will send 
the books if the weather be f., mittam 


libros, si sudum erit, Cic.: Virg. By 
clarus (poet.): the f.-veather-bringing 
Aquilo, clarus Aquilo, Virg. IV. 


Favourable (of winds) : 1, séenndus: 
a f. wind and tide, ventus aes'usque s., 
Caes.: Liv.: a f. and wafting gale. s. 
ac ferens ventus, Sen. 2. idoneus 
(suitable for the occasion): f. weather 
for sailing, tempestas idonea ad navi- 
gandum. Caes.: v. FAVOURABLE. i 
Equitable: aequus: a f. and honour- 
able claim, ae. et bonesta postulatio, 
Cic.: f. terms, conditions, ae. leges, con- 
ditiones, Cic : a f. and wise praetor, 
praetor ae. et sapiens, Cic.: for a f. 
price, quanti aequum est. Plin. Ep.: I 
think it f., aequum censeo, Ter.: v. 
EQUITABLE. Phr.: make money by f. 
means if you can, tf not, anyhow money, 
rem facias; si possis, recte: si non quo- 
ennque modo rem, Hor.: f. play, aequi- 
tas, aequum, (ic. (v. FAIRNESS): to show 
f. play, ex bona fide, sine dolo malo 
agere, Cic.: f. vords, prithee! bona 
verba, quaeso! Ter.: to speak one f,, 
blandiri, verba dare alicni (with the 
notion of imposing upon): Pl.: Ter.- 
with a f. outside-sk'n, speciosus pelle 
decora, Hor. Ep. 1, 16. 45: Haterius bid 
Jf. to be an orator, Haterius oratorem 
promisit, Sen. Contr.: a young man 
vho bids f. to excel both morally anid 
intellectually, adolescens summa spe et 
animi et ingenii praeditus, Cic. Phil. 
2, 18, 46: he hid f. to become a great 
general, *spem fecit omnibus fore ut 


dux magnus evaderet. VI Mode- 
rate, considerable: 1, méddicus: v. 
MODERATE. 2, médiocris, e: a f. 








Speaker, m. orator, Cic.: f. abilities, m. 
ingenium, Cic. VII, Unblemished: 
Phr.: f. fame, bona fama, Cic.: or 
without bona: uprightness is the founda- 
tion of a f. fime, justitia est famae 
fundamentum, Cic.: v. FAME, REPUTAs 
TION. Join: fama et existimatio, Cic, 
fair (subs.): nundinae, mercatus, iis: 
V. MARKET. 
fairly a 1: 
cum aequitate: v. JUSTLY, 
rately: médiocriter: Cic. 
fairness: _|. (f complexion; can- 
dor: ruddiness binded with f. of com- 
plexion, candore mixtus rubor, Cic.: v. 
BEAUTY. Il. Zquity, justice (q. v.): 
], aequitas: what /. is there in this, 
that, etc., quam autem habet aequitatem 
ut, ete., Cic. 2, aequum (in abstract 
sense, not as a quality of the mind): 
expediency well nigh the mother of jus- 
tue and f., utilitas justi prope mater 
atque aequi, Hor.: Cic. 3. candor 
animi. Ov.: Plin. 
fairspoken: _ 1. blandus: to dis- 
tinguish the f. friend from the real, 
blandum amicum a vero secernere, Cic. 
2. biandildquus:; Plaut.: Sin. 
(trag.). 
fairy : no Latin word precisely cor- 
responding: usually nimen, inis, 7., 
will do: as, wood-/.s, water-f.s, nemo- 
Tum, aquarum numina: thus Faunus and 
Picus are called silvestria numina, Ov. 
Fast. 3, 303: also sometimes nympha, 
Faunns, Dryas, Naias, according to the 
occasion. 
faith: |, Beli«f, trust, confidence 
(q. v.): fides, éi, f.: Cic. |]. Word or 
pledge of faith: fides: to pledge one's f. 
to the enemy, fidem hosti dare, Cic.: to 
keep f., f. servare, conservare, praestare, 
exsulvere, Cic.: Caes.: Liv.: it is an 
abominable crime to break f., nefarium 
est f. frangere, Cic. Ros. Com. 6, 16 (more 
usu. violare): they surrendered them- 
selves and all they had to the good f. 
and power of the people of Rome, se 
suaque omnia in fidem atque potestatem 
P. R. permisere, Caes. Phr.: in good 
J., ex bona fide, sine dolo inalo, Cic.: 
bad f., fides mala, perfidia, dolus malus, 
Cic.: v. TREACHERY. Ill. The object 
of religious belief; religion: religio: 
the Christian f., religio Christiana 
(fides Chr. strictly means the faith of a 
Christian, subjectively). 
faith. in (as an exclamation): 1. 
nae, ne (at the beginning of a sentence): 
in faith those persons are greatly mis- 
taken who... , ne ii falsissumi sunt, 
qui..., Sall.: v. VERILY. 2. herclé, 
heretile, mehercuilé (lit. by Hercules): 
Cic.: Ter. 8, médius fidius (either 
as one word or as two): Cic. 4. 
eccére or &cére, edepol, ecastor or me- 
castor (collog., and chiefly used by 
women): Pl.: Ter. 5, profecto: v. 
TRULY, REALLY. 
faithful: 1. fidélis, e: good and 
f. allies, boni f.que socii, Liv.: he judged 
Deiotarus f. to the Roman people, 1). 
fidelem populo R. judicavit, Cic.: J was 
of af. and kind disposition towards her, 
f. animo atque benigno in illam fui, 
Ter.: a most f. wife, fidelissima conjux, 
Cic.. f. friendships, f. amicitiae, Cic. : 
f. advice, f. consilium, Cic.: f. eyes, 
oculi f., Hor. Very /., perfidélis, Cic. 
2. fidus (trusty, on which depend- 
ence may be placed: only of persons) : 
a most {. and excellent wife, fidissima 
atque optima uxor, Cic.: f. clients, f. 
clientes, Sall Phr.: af. copy, exem- 
plum summa cura et diligentia ex- 
scriptum, Cic 
faithfully; fidéliter: to take care 
of any matter f., aliquid f. curare, Cic.: 
the ewrs f. keep vhat is entrusted to 
them, |. retinent commissa aures, Hor, : 
to narrate most f., fidelissime narrare, 
Plin.: v. TRUTHFULLY. 
faithfulness: v. FIDELITY. 
faithless : infidus, infidélis, perfidus, 
perfidiosus; v. UNFAITHFUL, TREACHE- 
ROUS. 
faithlessly: perfidé, perfidids5: v. 
TREACHEROUSLY. 


With equity: justé, 
Il. Alode- 








FAITHLESSNESS 





FALL FORWARDS 








- faithlessness: perfidia: v. TREACH- 
ERY, UNFAITHFULNESS. 

falchion: striculy, a hooked sword, a 
scimitar: talx, cis, f.: Juv.: generally 
in sense of sword, q. V- 

falcon: falco, dnis, m.: Serv. 

fall (».): [2 Dre: 1, cado, 
cécidi, casum, 3: to f. from the top, a 
summo c., Pl.: to f. from a horse, ex 
equo c., Cic.: how many leaves f. in the 
woods, quam multa in silvis c. folia, 
Virg.: the arms themselves fell from the 
hands of the citizens, de manibus civium 
arma ipsa ceciderunt, Cic.: the river 
Aretho f.s into an arm of the sea, amnis 
Aretho c. in sinum maris, Liv. OA. 
concido, 3 (to f. together, or completely) : 
that room fell, conclave illud eoncidit, 
Cic.: a tov er fell in an earthqualce, tur- 
ris concidit terrae motu, Suet. 3. 
deécido, 3 (to f. down): to f. from a 
horse, equo d., Cic.: rain is f.ing, imber 
d., Hor.: the tunic f.s to the feet, ad 
pedes tunica d., Suet. Fig.: from how 
great a hope have I fallen! quanta de 


spe decidi! Ov. 4. ruo, ui, itum, 
3 (with violence): the wall fs down, 
murus ruit, Liv.: Hor. 5, corruo, 3 


of a complete ruin): the house fell, ae- 
s§ corruerunt, Cic.: Quint.: the tree f.s 
to the ground (with a crash), arbor cor- 
ruit, Ov. 6. labor (délabor), lapsus, 
3 (denoting a more gradual or gentle 
motion): sturs f.ing headlong fiom the 
sky, stellue praecipites coelo labentes, 
Virg.: the chains f. from his arms, 
Jabuntur catenae lacertis, Ov.: a statue 
which fell down from heaven, signuum 
coelo delapsum, Cic. ||. To be slain ; 
to fall dead : 1, ciido, 3: a few of our 
men f., pauci de nostris c., Caes.: many 
a victim shall f. by our right hand, 
multa nostra cadet hostia dextra, Virg. 
2. concido, 3: to f. in battle, in 
proelio c., Cic.: a healthy man drinks and 
tmmediately f.s dead, bibit sanus, con- 
festim c., Quint. 3. occido, idi, asum, 
3: Eudemus fell fighting at Syracuse, 
Eudemus proelians ad Syracusas occidit, 
Cic.: to f. by one’s own hand, sua dextra 
oc., Virg. Phr: they have nobly fallen 
in defence of their country, bene pro 
patria jacent, Ov.: Liv.: v. TO sLay. 
Ill]. Zo decline, subside; as the 
winds: 1. cado, 3: the East wind fs, 
ec. Kurus, Ov.: all the violence of the 
wind fell, venti vis omnis cecidit, Liv. 
2. concido, 3 (at once; of a num- 
ber): the winds f., concidunt venti, Hor. 
3. pono, pdsui, itum, 3 (poet.): the 
winds fell (lulled), venti posucre, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 26. IV. To become less (esp. 
of price) : 1. cado, 3: military ser- 
vice f.s (in value) in time of peace, pretia 
militiae in pace c. Liv. 34, 36, fin.: 
(dresses of ) skin fell in value, cecidit 
pellis, Lucr. 5, 1417. 2. luxo, 1: the 
price of provisions had not fallen much, 
annona haud multum laxaverat, Liv. 26, 
20. 3. retro abeo, 4, ivr.: the prices 
of produce have fallen, pretium redituum 
retro abiit, lin. Ep. Phr.: by opening 
the granarivs he caused the prices of 
produce to f., levavit, apertis horreis, 
pretia frugum, Tac. Ann. 2, 59. V. 
To decay, go to ruin: a ey Ep 
the fortune of the Phrygians has fallen, 
cecidit fortuna Vhrygum, Virg. a 
occido, 3 (utterly): all hope has fallen, 
occidit spes omnis, Hor.: one house has 
fallen, occidit una domus, Ov. Gy 
Tuo, corruo, 3 (suddenly and violently : 
the latter, of a complete fall): there is 
no one but perceives that that common- 
wealth is f ing, nemo est quin inielligat 
Tuere illam rempublicain, Cie ; the power 
of the Spartans fell, opes Lacedaemoni- 
orum corruerunt, Cic.: the higher he had 
been raised, the more disgracefully did 
he f., quanto altius elatus erat, eo foedius 
corruit, Liv. 4, praecipito, 1: Cic.: 
Liv.: v. RUIN (TO GO TO). 
fall amon : V. FALL IN WITH. 
er, or to pieces: 1. 
dilabor, are 3 (from decay): a rotten 
ship and ready to f. asunder from age, 
navis putris et vetastate dilabens, Liv. : 
monuments that have fallen to pieces, 









monumentadilapsa, Lucr. 2, dissolvor, 
sdlfitus, 3 (to experience dissolution from 
whatever cause): to f. asunder in the 
middle of the waters (of a ship), in me- 
diis dissulvi aquis, Ov. Join: disced- 
ere dissolvique, Lucr. 3. discédo, 
cessi, cessum, 3 (to part in two): the 
furrow falls asunder before the plough- 
Share, discedit sulcus vomere, Lucan. : 
sooner vould I suffer this head to f. 
asunder from iny neck, citius paterer 
caput hoc discedere collu, Prop. (comp. 
No. 2). 

fall at; accido, accidi, 3: to f. at a 
man’s feet, ad pedes alicujus ac., Cic. 
(more treq., se projicere, Caes.): or with 
dat.: to J at one’s lenee, genibus (ali- 
cujus) ae., Liv. 

—— away: |. 7% leave: 1: 
discédo, 3 (to depart from): he fell 
away from honour and uprightness, a 
fide justitiaque discessit, Cic.: v. To 
DEVIATE. 2. descisco, scivi, scitum, 
3 (to fail in one’s duty or allegiance): 
to f. avay from the custom of one's 
Jathers, d. a consuetudine patrum, Plin 
“Ep.: Cie. I]. Zo break alliance with : 

1. déficio, feci, fectum, 3: to f/f. 
away from the friendship of the Roman 
people, d. ab amicitia P. R., Caes.: also 
absolutely, Cic. 9. descisco, 3: Prae- 
neste fell away from the Latins to the 
Romans, Praeneste ab Latinis ad Ro- 
manos descivit, Liv. |]. 7 lose flesh: 

1, macesco, macresco, 3: the cattle 
JF. away, macrescit pecus, Col.: v. LEAN, 
TO GROW. 2. corpus amitto: Cic. 
Fam. 7, 26. 3. minuor, itus, 3: with 
corpus as subj.: Plin. 11, 53, 118. 4. 
tabeo, tabesco, ui, 3 (stronger than the 
English): fallen away (wasted) cheeks, 
tabentes genae, Virg.: v. TO PINE, 
waste. Phr.: my flesh is fallen auay 
and my colour gone, abiit corpusque 
colorque, Ov. Her. 3, 147. 

—— back: |]. Lit.: récido, cidi, 
casum, 3: oad things f. back on to the 
earth, recidunt omnia in terras, Cic. : 
the u eight fell back on to the solid ground, 
recidit in solidam terram pondus, Ov. 
Tig.: to f. back into a more serious 
disease, in graviorem morbum recidere, 
Liv. (v. TO RELAPSE): all those insults 
will f. back upon yourself, omnes in te 
recident istaec contumeliae, Pl. (v. To 
RECOIL): Syracuse fell bach into its 
ancient bondage, Syracusae in antiquam 
servitutem reciderunt, Liv. Q. réla- 
bor, lapsus, 3: Vv. TO GLIDE BACK. I. 
To retreat a little way: 1, pédem 
référo, tiili, latum, 3: if they were hard 
pushed, they did not think it disgraceful 
to f. back, si premerentur, pedem r. non 
turpe existimabant, Caes.: not a single 
man falling back, nec ullo pedem reter- 
ente, Liv. Q. réfeéror, latus, 3: if with 
the principes lilewise the battle went 
amiss, they gradually fell back upon the 
triarii, si apud principes quoque haud 
Satis prospere esset PUsniEmy ad triarios 


sensim referebantur, Liv.: v. TO RE- 
TREAT. Ill, To have recourse to : iL 
récurro, curri, cursum, 3: to f. back 


upon the same conditions, ad easdem 
conditiones r., Caes. B. C. 2, 16: it is 
necessary sometimes to f. back upon 
those authors, wecesse est ad eos ali- 
quando auctores r., Quint. 1, prooem. 17. 
9, confiigio: v. RECOURSE (TO HAVE). 
—— between: intercido, cidi, 3: 
the ships weie so closely crowded toge- 
ther, that scarcely a single missile fell 
b. them into the sea, ita in arcto stipatae 


erant naves, ut vix ullum telum in mare | 


intercideret, Liv. 26, 39, med. 

down: (v. TO FALL): décido, 
cidi, 2: to Sf. down from off a couch, d. 
de lecto, Pl.: to f. down with a heavier 
crash, graviore casu d., Hor. 
forwards: 1, procido, cidi, 
3: a part of the wall had fallen f. 
(fat), pars muri prociderat, Liv. 2 
prolabor, lapsus, 3: they saw Marcellus 
falling f. from his horse, M. ex equo 
prolabentem videre, Liv.: Ov. Phr.: 
the ship-master Jalls f. upon his head, 
magister pronus volvitur in caput, Virg. 
Aen 1, 115. 











FALL ON, TO, UPON 
fall foul of: J. Lit: Torun or 
dash inst : jucurro, curri and 


ciicurri, cursum, 3 : to J. foul of pillars, 
in columnas inc., Cic. ‘Or. 67, 224 (con: 


curro, of collision in combat, Hirt.- 
Lucr.). 2. collido, si, sum, 3 (to 
cause to run foul): the sea growing 
stormy caused the ships lo /. foul of 


inhorrescens mare inter se 
navigia collide re, Curt. 4, 3, med. ll. 
Fig.: to f. foul of a man with abuse, 
jurgio aliquem lacessere, invadere, Tac. : 
maledicta in aliquem conjicere, conferre, 
Cic.: v. ane 


one another, 


— eas praecipito, 1: 
the Nile va s dion long Pe very lofty 


mountains, Nilus pr. ex altissimis mon- 





tibus, Cic.: the rains f. headlong into 
the water, nimbi pr. in vada, Virg. 2, 
expr. by praeceps and a verb: v. HEAD- 


LONG. 

—— jn or into: |. In gen. sense : 
incido, cidi, 3 (usu. foll. by in and ace. : 
the dat. also occurs): to f. into a pit- 
fall, in foveam inc., Cic.: to f. into an 
ambush, in insidias inc., Cic.: to f. into 
anybody's hands, in manus alicujus inc., 
Cic.: to f. into wl health, in morbum 
inc., Cic.: to f. into rage and insanity, 
in furorem et insaniam inc., Cic. (N.B. 
Any of the verbs given under TO FALL, 
FALL DOWN, may of course be foll. by 
prep. in and acc.: as, to /. into a river, 
in flumen delabi, Cic Jiv. 1, 28, 58: lo 
f. into a pitfall, in foveam decidere, 
Hor. A. P. 458.) Phr: tof. into errors 
and mistakes, labi, errare, Cic. Il. 
Specially o/ rivers: to fall into the sea 
or another river: 1, influo, xi, xum, 3: 
Cie. : Vv. TO FLOW INTO. 2. exev, 4, 
irr.: V. TO DISCHARGE (IL.). 

——inwith: |. Tome: 1. 
incido, 3: to f. in with a person unex- 
pectedly, in aliquem incurrere atque 
inc., Cic.: some cohorts fell in with 
Caesar’s division, nonnullae cohortes 
in Caesaris agmen inciderunt, Caes 

9, invénio: v. TO FIND. ll. 7 
coincide: congruo, convénio: v. 1% 
AGREE WITH. Phr.: cado, 3: that sus- 
picion of yours does not f. in with my 
client’s habits, non cadit in bos mores 
ista suspicio, Cic. Sull. 27, 75. 

—— in love with: Adamo, 1: 
Ff. in love readily, facile ad., Petr.: 
soon as he had seen some very beautiful 
statues, he fell in love with them, cum 
vidisset signa quaedam pulcherrima, ada- 
mavit, Cic.: to f. in love with a country- 
house, villam ad., Plin. Ep.: v. To LOVE. 


je 








——— off: I. Lit.: 1, délabor, 
psus, 3 (strictly, by slipping) : to f. off 
ome’s horse, ex equo d., Liv. (Cic. bas 
cadere ex equo, Clu. 62, 175). 3. 
fluo, xi, xum, 3 (as hair, fruits, ete.) : 
v. To prop (B. IL). ||, Zo diminish, 
deteriorate: muto, miter, 1: vhat a 


f.ing off there has been in the character 
of the R. people, mores P. Romani quan- 
tum mutaverunt, Liv.: so with in pejus, 
in deterius: what ts good soon Js off, 
bona facile mutantur in pejus, Quint. : 
what a f.ing off was there im him, quan- 
tum mutatus (erat)! Virg. Phr.: the 
crop of corn had fallen off some hat, 
frumentum angustius provenerat, Caes. : 
Caesar by his coming had caused the 


revenues of Ariovistus to f. off, C. ad- 
ventu suo, vectigalia Ariovist« deteriora 
faciebat, Caes. See also TO FALI (1V.). 

——on,to.uron: |. Lit: L 


incido, 3 (Vv. TO FALL IN): Turnus being 
struck fell to the earth, Turnus ictus ad 
terram incidit, Virg.- a tower fell upon 
the ranks of the Vanaans, turris incidit 
| super agmina Ianaum, Virg. 2, ac- 
ido, 3 (to fall or strile upon: whereas 
incido often implies penetration): the 
missiles hurled by the Gauls fell upon 
them with great force, missa a Gallis tela 
graviter acciderunt, Caes.: they fell to 
the earth as thick as pears, _ tam crebri ad 
terram accidebant quam pira, Pl.: to f. 
tothe ground, ad bumum ace., Varr. 3, 
occido, cidi, casum, 3 (to f. upon, on the 
| top of): they fell one upon the other 
| alit super alios occiderunt, Liv.: stars 
| fall from heaven to earth, signa de coele 
283 





FALL OUT 


ad terram oc. (al. acc.), Pl. 4, induo, 
ui, utum, 3 (with pron. reflect.: to fasten 
oneself upon): they fell upon the spears 
of the phalanx, (phalangis) hastis se in- 
duerunt, Liv.: they fell upon (impaled 
themselves on) the sharp-pointed stakes, 
se ipsi acutissimis vallis induebant, Caes. 


B. G. 7, 73. Phr.: to f. upon one’s 
sword, in gladium incumbere, Cic. ff, 
To assail; happen to (of evils): ib 


incido, 3 (with dat.; or prep. and acc.) : 
to f. upon the hindermost Romans, ulti- 
mis Romanis in., Liv. Fig.: no misfor- 
tune had fallen upon the state, nibil in- 
ciderat civitati mali, Cic. 92. invado, 
vasi, 3 (stronger than incido, and im- 
plying an attack: with ace. or dat.): to 
*, upon the camp, castra in., Liv. Fig.: 
@ severe disease has fallen upon him, 
eum morbus invasit gravis, Pl.: lest fear 
should f. upon the rest of his country- 
men, ne reliquos populares metus inva- 
deret, Sall.: madness had fallen upon 
the wicked, furor improbis invaserat, 
Cic. 3, ingrio, ui, 3 (with violence) : 
Aeneas f.s suddenly upon the Italians, 
mgruit Aeneas Italis, Virg.: the iron 
shower f.s violently, ferreus ingruit im- 
ber, Virg.: diseases begin to f. upon the 
rowers, i. morbi in remiges coeperunt, 
Liv. 4, incurro, 3 (less freq.: with 
prep. and acc.): a misfortune may f. 
upon a wise man, casus in sapientem 
potest in., Cic. 5 expéto, ivi, itum, 
3 (rare in this sense): all the evils of 
war fell upon him, omnes clades 
belli in eum expetiverunt, Liv. 1, 22. 
II]. Zo take place (at a definite time) : 
1, incido, 3: you will inform me 
upon what day the mysteries f., facies 
me in quem diem incidaut mysteria, 
certiorem, Cic.: the date of the Com- 
pitalia fell upon the 3rd of the Kalends 
of Jan., dies Compitaliorum in III. Kal. 
Jan. inciderunt, Cic.: J fell (hit) wpon 
that day though I might have avoided 
uw, in eam diem, cum potuissem vitare 
incidi, Cic. 9. cado, 3 (rare in this 
sense): take care that your arrival does 
not f. upon a most inopportune time, 
considera ne in alienissimum tempus 
cadat adventus tuus, Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 
med. IV, Zo light upon: 1, in- 
cido, 3: as they were carousing along 
with S. Tarquinius, the conversation fell 
upon their wives, potantibus his apud 
S. Tarquinium, incidit de uxoribus 
mentio, Liv. 2, delabor, psus, 3 (to 
glide into insensibly): I never expected 
that we should f. into that subject of 
conversation, insperanti mihi cecidit ut 
in istum sermonem delaberemini, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 21, 96. V. Zo come to (as a 
portion): 1, obvénio, véni, ventum, 
4 (with dat, of person): an inheritance 
has fallen to him, hereditas ei obvenit, 
Cic.: Syria fell to Scipio, Syria Scipioni 
obvenit, Cic.: the Jresh war fell to the 
lot of Aemilius, Aemilio novum bellum 
sorte obvenit, Liv. 9, ciido, 3: no dis- 
advantaye can fairly jf. to their share, 
nihil incommodi ipsis jure c. potest, Cic. 
8. obtingo, tigi, 3 (usu. of what is 
: what has jallen to each, that let 
each keep, quod cuique obtigit, id quis- 
que teneat, Cic.: Vv. TO BEFALL, Vi. 
To fall to work: Phr.- he once more 
fs to work with tablet and stylus, rursus 
ceris et stilo incumbit, Plin. Ep.: Sil.: ald 
Ff. vigorously to work, omnes accingunt 
operi, Virg.: v. TO GIRD (ONE'S SELF). 
fall out: |. Lit.: excido, cidi, 
3: the swords fell out of their hands, 
gladii de manibus exciderunt, Cic.: the 
handle fell out of my fingers, ex digitis 
excidit ansa meis, Ov.: Halinurus had 
fallen out astern, P. exciderat puppi, 
Virg. : as each man’s lot nad fallen out, 
ut cujusque sors exciderat, Liv.: v. To 
DROP. I]. Zo happen : 1, cado, 3: 
it fell out as I wished, ita cadebat ut 
vellem, Cic. 9. evénio, véni, ventum, 
4: you see that neaily everything has 
Fallen out in the contrary way to what 
was predicted, vides omnia fere contra 
ac dicta sunt evenisse, Cic.: things have 
Jallen out otherwise than as was hoped, 
praeter spem evenit, Ter.: Vv. TO HAP- 


284 








FALLACY 


PEN, occuk. [|]. Zo begin quarrel- 
ling: dissideo, sedi, sessum, 2: he at 
Jirst Lived on goud terms with Julia, but 
afterwards fell out with her, cum Julia 
primo concorditer vixit, mox dissedit, 
Suet.: they have fallen out slightly, 
leviter inter se dissident, Cic. Phr.: 
he lived 39 years with his wife without 
once f.ing out with her, vixit cum uxore 
XXxXix annis sine jurgio, Plin. Ep.: v. To 
QUARREL. 

fall short of: may be expr. by con- 
tingére with negative (v. TO REACH): 
to f. short of the goal, metam non con- 
tingere, cf. Hor. A. P. 412: or by a 
phrase : they seemed always to f. just a 
little short of complete success, semper 
paulum ad summam felicitatem detuisse 
videbatur, Caes. B. G. 6, 43: our pitiful 
estate always fs short of something or 
other, curtae nescio quid semper abest 
rei, Hor. Od. 3, 24, extr.: in this one par- 


FALSE 








| juntur, Cic.: to expose a f., captionem 
explicare, Cic. 2, vitium (@ flaw in 
the argument): there is a f. in the ar- 
gument, vitium est in argumento, Cic, 
Phr.: the argument is an entire f., om- 
nino totum falsum est argumentum, Cic. 

fallibility ; to be expr. by circuml.: 
f. belongs to the human race, *obnoxium 
est errori genus humanum ; humanum 
est errare, etc.: I am conscious of my 
own f., *scio me errare (falli) posse ; scio 
me eum esse qui facile errare, falli, 
possim. 

fallible: errori obnoxius, ete.: v. 
preced. art. 


falling (adj.): 1, cadiicus: f. 


| tears, lacrimae c., Ov.: jf. lightning, 


fulmen c., Hor.: the f. sickness, i.e. 
epilepsy, morbus ¢., Apul.: v. EPILEPSY. 





ticular Caesar fell short of his former | 


good fortune, hoc unum ad pristinam 


fortunam Caesari defuit, Caes. B. G. 4, | 


26, extr.: I have avoided censure it is 
true; Ihave fallen short of praise, vi- 
tavi denique culpam, nor merui laudem, 
Hor. 


— sick; in morbum incido: v. 
TO FALL INTO, SICK. 
—— under: 1, cido (with sub 


or in): to f. under the empire and con- | 


trol of the Romans, sub imperium ditio- 
nemque Romanorum ¢., Cic.: to f. under 


the power of one man, in potestatem | 


unius c., Cic.: tof. under the senses, sub 
sensum c., Cic.: things which {. under 
the same rule, res quae sub eandem ratio- 
nem c., Cic. 9. vénio, véni, ventum, 
4 (with prep.): to f. under the sway of 
any one, in ditionem alicujus v., Cic. (so, 
in ditionem concedere, Liv.). 

; inclined to: caducus: the vine 
is naturally inclined to f., vilis natura 
c. est, Cic. 

——, to let: 1. démitto, misi, 
missum, 3: ye gods, who let f. ample 
showers on the crops, Dii qui satis largum 
coelo demittitis imbrem, Virg.: v. TO 
DROP. 2. emitto, 3 (from the grasp 
or other hold): to let the shield f. from 
one’s hand, scutum manu e., Caes. 

fall, falling (subs.): [5 ait: 

1, casus, ts: a f. of snow, nivis c., 
Liv.: the f. of a drop, stillicidi c., Luer.: 
lofty towers descend with a heavier f., 
celsae graviore c. decidunt turres, Hor. 

2. lapsus, tis (by slipping): to hold 
oneself up from falling, se a lapsu sus- 
tinere, Liv. 8, ruina (with the notion 
of violence, as ruo): af. of hail, r. gran- 
dinis, Lucr.: the f. of beasts of burden, 
jumentorum r., Liv.: the sudden f. of a 
tower, turris repentina r., Caes. Phr.; 
to have a (heavy) f., (graviter) cadere, 
concidere, Virg.: Ov.: the f. of the voice, 
vocis submissio, Cic.: without any f. (of 
rain), sine ullis coelestibus aquis, Liv. 
5 3. ||. Znclination of ground rela- 
tively to water: libramentum: a f. of 
one quarter of an inch in ico feet, 1. 
aquae in centenos pedes sicilici. Plin. 31, 
6,31: Vitr. ||], Ruin: 1, ruina: to be 
crushed in the general f. of one's country, 
communi r, patriae opprimi, Liv.: ditven 
into exile by the f. of his father-in-law, 
r. soceri in exilium pulsus, ‘lac. D. 
casus: my horrible, grievous, and sud- 
den f., ille meus c. horribilis, gravis, re- 
pentinus, Cic. 8, excidium (destruc- 
tion): the f. of Carthage, Carthaginis ex- 
cidia, Liv. |. Waterfall: dejectus, 
us (with or without aquae or fluminis): 
the f. of the Peneus, Penei d., Ov.: Sen.: 
Vv. WATERFALL. V, A lovering, dimi- 
nution : demintitio: af. in the revenues, 
d. vectigalium, Cic. 

fallacious: 1, fallax, dcis: Cic : 
V. DECEPTIVE. 2. vitiOsus (having 
some flaw in it): af. kind of argument, 
vitiosum argumentationis genus, Cic. 

fallaciously ; fallaciter: Cic.: Plin. 

fallacy : 1, captio, onis, 7. (@ 
catch, sophism) : to explode f.s, captiones 
discutere, Cic.: all f.s of that kind are 
refuted in the same manner, omnes cap- 
tiones istius generis eodem modo refel- 





2, déciduus: jf. stars, sidera d., 
Plin.: fires f. to the earth have the name 
of lightnings, ignes ad terras d. fulmi- 
num nomen habent, Plin.: f. every year, 
omnibus annis decidua (of the horns of 
stags), Plin.: f. leaves, d. folia, Plin. 

falling away; V. foll. art. (11). 

falling off (subs.): |. Lit: as 
of hair, ete.: déflivium: the f. off of 
hai, capillorum d., Plin. ll: Pig:: 
of revolt or decline : 1, défectio: v, 
REVOLT, DESERTION. Q, expr. by phr.: 
as, what a f. off was there in the man, 
heu, quantum mutatus ab illo! Virg. 
Aen, 2, 273. 

fallow: |. Pale red or yellow: 
only in expr. faliow deer: perh. gilvus 
or spadix, icis: the former being a kind 
of yellow, the latter similar to chestnut : 
gilvi, spadices equi, Virg.: cf. Gell. 2, 
26. — |J, Of soil, wnploughed or unsown 
(adj. or subs.) : ], inaratus: Virg.: 
Hor. Q, ndvalis, is, f. (sc. terra); or as 
neut. novale: to allow your f. lands to 
rest, novales cessare pati, Virg.: a f. is 
that which is sown wn alternate years, 
novale est, quod alternis annis seritur, 
Plin. 3. vervactum: it makes a 
great difference whether you are sowing 
in fresh soil, or in that which has been 
cropped every year, or in a f. which has 
rested in the mean time, multum interest 
in rudi terra, an in ea seras, quae quot- 
annis obsita sit, an in v., quae interdum 
requierit, Varr. R. R. 1, 44. 4, ve- 
térétum (prob. a soil which has lainf. 
a long while): Col.: cf. Gesn. Lex. Rus- 
tic. s. v. vervactum. 

fallow, to lie: | 1. cessare, 1: a 
lighter soil may lie f. even till the third 
year, gracilior terra et in tertium au 
num cesset, Plin.: to lie f. every otner 
year, alternis c., Virg. 2, quiescere, 
évi, étum (or réq.), 3: sotl is under- 
stood to be more productive when it has 
lain f., utilior intelligitur terra, quoties 
quievit, Plin.: a field that has lain f., 





ager requietus, Ov. 

fallow, alying;: cessatio: soil yields 
a lurge return to the husbandman from 
lying f., terra magno fuenere cessationis 
colono respondet, Col. 2, 1, med. 

fallow (v.): i. e. to break up soil 
without sowing it: 1, vervago, 3: 
wet soils have to be fd about summer 
time, uliginosi agri sub aestate verva- 
gendi sunt, Col. 11, 2, ad init. wy 
proscindo, scidi, scissum, 3: before you 
plough (for seed) fallow (your land), 
prius quam ares, proscindito, Cato ap. 
Plin.: Col. 11, 2, med. 

false: |. Untrue: 1, falsus: 
f. accusations, f. crimina, Hor.: that is 
altogether f., f. est id totum, Cic.: f. 
witnesses, f. testes, Cic.: would that I 
may prove af. prophet, utinam vates f. 
sim! Liv.: from the f., the truth cannot 
be deduced, ex falsis verum effici non 
potest, Cic.: they prosecute f. cluims by 
J. testimonies, f. lites f. testimoniis pe- 
tunt, Pl.: f. hope, spes f., Cic. 2. 
commenticius (made up): a f. charge, 
crimen c., Cic.: Vv. FICTITIOUS, DECEIT- 
FUL, UNFOUNDED. |], Spurious, not 
genuine : 1, fictus: in friendship 
there is nothing f., nothing pretended, in 
amicitia nihil f. est, nihil simulatum, 
Cic.: imaginary and f. gods, commen- 
ticii et f.dii, Cic. Q, adultézinus (coun 








FALSEHOOD 


terfeit): f. keys, claves a,, Sall.: f. seals, 
signa a., Cic.: f. coin, nummi a., Cic. 
3, adulter, Gra, érum (poet.): af. 
key, a. clavis,Ov. 4, subditus (falsely 
and wrongly substituted): a f. will, s. 
testamentum, Tac.: V. FORGED. 5. 
fucatus (lit. coloured as with rouge or 
paint: hence, showy, but not genuine) : 
to separate the f. and pretended from the 
sincere and genuine, f. et simulata a sin- 
ceris atque veris secernere, Cic.: a@ na- 
tural and not a f. brilliancy, naturalis 
non f. nitor, Cic. 6, fiicdsus (= fu- 
catus): f. (i. e. counterfeit) friendships, 
f. amicitiae, Cic. 7, falsus (rare): by 
the water of the f. Simois, f. Simoéntis 
ad undam, Virg. Aen. 3, 302: Vv. COUN- 
TERFEIT. 
faisehood: 1, commentum (@ 
made up story): Ter.: Cic.: Vv. FICTION. 
9. mendacium: Vv. LIE. 
falsely; falso (falsé is rare and 
doubtful): to accuse any one f., falso 
insimulare aliquem, Cic.: Sall. 
falseness, falsity: 1. expr. by 
means of adjective: the f. of these state- 
ments is apparent, *apparet baec falsa, 
commenticia esse: V. FALSE. 2, expr. 
by plur. of mendacium (L.G.§ 591): as, 
what f. there was in him, *quae in eo 
mendacia erant! quae simulationes ! 
falsetto; perb. falsa vocila: how 
much softer and more delicate are the 
modulations and false (artificial) notes 
of a singer, quanto molliores et deli- 
catiores in cantu flexiones et falsae vo- 
culae? Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98. 
falsification: expr. by gerund or 
.: v. foll. art. 
falsify: 1. corrumpo, rupi, rup- 
tum, 3 (to tamper with): to f. public 
documents, tabulas (literas) publicas c, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, 104: to f. the bonds 
of debtors, debitorum chirographa c., 
Ulp. Dig.: to f. the standard measures 
of wine, c. mensuras publice probatas 
vini, Modest. Dig.: Vell. 9. inter- 
lino, lévi, litnm, 3: to f. (by oblitera- 
ting the writing of the wax tablets) a 
will, testamentum int., Cic. Clu. 44, 125. 
8, vitio, 1 (to tamper with): the 
decrees of the senate were suppressed 
and f.d at the will of the consuls, se- 
natus consulta arbitrio consulum sup- 
primebantur vitiabanturque, Liv. 3, 55, 
ad fin.: to f. writings, scripturas v., 
Ulp. Dig.: to f. the indications of the 
comitia, comitiorum significationes v., 
Cic. Sext. 54, 115: V. TO FORGE, COUN- 
TERFEIT. N.B.—'lhe subs. falsification 
may be expressed by an inj., ger. or 
participle of the above verbs: as, he was 
pronounced guilty of the f. of public 
documents, judicatus est publicas tabulas 
corrupisse, Cic.: on account of his f. of 
public documents, *propter corruptas, 
Vitiatas, tabulas publicas : concerning the 
Ff. of public documents, *de publicis tabu- 
lis corrumpendis, vitiandis: v. supr. 
falsity; Vv. FALSENESS. 
falter: 1, haereo, haesi, haesum, 
2: LT am undone: my tongue f.s with 
fear! perii, haeret lingua metu! Ter. : 
nor was there ever such eloquence as not 
to stumble and f., when words and heart 
disagree, nec unquam tanta fuit loquendi 
facultas, ut non titubet atque haereat, 
quotiens ab anitno verba dissentiunt, 
Quint. 12, 1,29: the war was at a stand, 
and Caesar’s fortune f.'d, constitit bel- 
lum, fortunaque Caesaris haesit, Lucan. 
9, 547- 2, haesito, 1 (frequent. of 
haereo): to speak with a f.ing tongue, 
lingua haesitare, Cic.: drunken men 
hesitate, f., retvact what they have said, 
vinolenti dubitant, h., revocant se, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 17, 52: V. HESITATE. E, 
tittibo, 1 (to trip, stumble): a f-ing 
mind, titubans animus, PL: if the wit- 
nesses f. at a single word, si verbo titu- 
barint testes, Cic. Fl. 10, 22. 
faltering (adj): haesitans, titt- 
bans: v. TO FALTER. 
falteringly : 1, titiibanter: fo 
lay a’ thing down f. and cursorily, ali- 
quid t. et strictim ponere, Cic. Coel. 7, 
15. Phr.- to speak f., titubare atque 
haerere (in loquendo), lingua haesitare, 






















FAMILY 


etc., Cic.: Vv. TO FALTER. Q, timide : 
he who asks f., teaches to refuse, qui 
timide rogat, negare docet, Sen.: to 
speale excitedly and f., trepidanter timi- 
deque agere, Caes.: to have recourse to 
a thing f. and hesitatingly (tentatively), 
aliquo timide et pedetentim descendere, 
Cic. Quint. 15, 51. 


fame: |. Rumour : fama, ri- 
mores: Vv. REPORT. I]. Glory, re- 
NOUN: 1, fama: the f. of the Roman 


people, fama populi Romani, Liv.: the 
Ft. of eloquence, bene loquendi, eloquen- 
tiae f., Cic.: Quint. 9, gloria: v. 
GLORY, RENOWN. 3. claritas (dis- 
tinction, eminence): are you sorry for 
your f., your glory? num te claritatis, 
num gloriae poenitet? Cic. 4, clari- 
tiido: virtues by which the highest f. is 
gained, artes animi quibus summa c. 
paratur, Sall. 
name): to injure any one’s f., nomini 
alicujus officere, Liv.: v. REPUTATION. 


famed: clarus, illustris, etc.: v. 
RENOWNED. 
familiar : 1, familiaris, e (in 


nearly all the senses of the English 
word: usu. with dat.): we see that 
Aemilius was f. with C. Luscinus, vide- 
mus Aemilium C, Luscino f. fuisse, Cie. : 
F friends, f. amici, Plin.: he is more 


‘f. to us on account of the number of 


his writings, familiarior nobis propter 
scriptorum multitudinem est, Cic.: to 
engage in f. conversation, familiares 
conferre sermones, Cic.: f. letters, f. 
epistolae, Quint. 9. notus (well 
known: q. Vv.): @ f. haunt, sedes n., 
Hor.: Virg. 3. rémissus (without 
effort, free and easy): to adopt a more 
f. style, remissiore uti_genere dicendi, 
Cic. Sext. 54, 115. Phr.: to grow 
f. with, assuesco: V. ACCUSTOMED, TO 
BECOME: to be on f. terms with one, 
aliquo familiariter uti; cum aliquo fa- 
miliariter vivere, Cic.: to be on very f. 
terms with one, cum aliquo familiaris- 
sime vivere; aliquo valde familiariter 
uti, multum uti, Cic.: not to be at all f. 
with, aliquo minimum (parum, minus) 
uti, Cato: to be too f. with any one 
(of slaves with their mistress), licentius, 
liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere, 
Cic. Coel. 23, 57: V- INTIMATE, WELL 
KNOWN. 

familiarity: 1. fimiliaritas, Cic. : 
v. intimacy. Phr.: to be on terms of 
Ff. with, aliquo familiariter uti, Cic.: v. 
FAMILIAR. 9, In bad sense: licentia : 
he allowed, nay required, f. of jesting, 
permisit, immo exegit, jocandi 1., Suet. 


with, cum aliqua licentius vivere, Cic. 
familiarize: v. TO accusToM. 
familiarly: familiariter: to address 

an unknown person f., hominem igno- 


tum f. compellare, Pl.: to speak f., f. | 


loqui, Cic. 

family (swbs.): |. The persons 
composing a household: 1, familia 
(prop. the body of slaves forming the 
domestic establishment; but in certain 
phrases the word is equiv. to the Eng- 
lish): the head of a f., paterfamilias, or 
-ae, Cic.: Liv.: so, the female head of a 
Family, materfamilias or -ae, Cic. : Caes. 
(in these words the declinable part is 
pater or mater: but the gen. pl. of fa- 
milia is also used). 2, domus, ts, f. 
(by meton.): our whole f. salutes you, 
d. te nostra tota salutat, Cic.: many 
noble f.s were put in mourning, multae 


et clarae lugubres domus, Liv. 3, 32. | 


Phr.: with one’s wife and f., cam con- 
juge et liberis, Cic.: v. CHILDREN, HOUSE- 
HOLD. Il. Al who descend from a 
common ancestor: 
noting the different branches of a gens, 
and implying blood relationship between 
the individual members): the /f.s of the 


Laelii and the Mucii, Laeliorum et Mu- | 


ciorum familiae, Cic.: belonging to a 
most noble f., nobilissima in f. natus, 
Cic.: Sall. 2. cognatio (in wide 
sense; connexion by blood or race): 
tribes and f.s of men, tribus cognatio- 
nesque hominum, Caes.: one’s whole f., 
tota cognatio, Cic. 


5, nomén, inis, 7. (good | 


Phr.: to be on terms of too great f. | 


1, familia (de-| 


3. gens, gentis, | 


FANATIC 


f. (a political term: not necessarily 
implying blood relationship): L. Tar- 
quitius of patrician f., L. T. patriciae 
gentis, Liv.: the f. of the Tarquanii, 
gens Tarquiniorum, Cic. Ill. Descent, 
esp. honourable descent: Vhr.: to be 
of a good, very high f., honesto, sum- 
mo loco natum esse, Cic.: Liv.: of a 
very low f., infimo loco natus, Cic.: of 
an equestrian f., equestri loco natus, 
Cic.: Cornelius Tuscus, of a distin- 
guished f., Cor. Tuscus, claris natali- 
bus, Tac.: a woman of high f., mulier 
natalibns clara, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 8: a 
man of no f., homo sine gente, Hor. S. 
2, 5, 15: @ man of ancient f., homo 
veteris prosapiae, Sall.: v. LINEAGE. 
family (adj.): 1, familiaris, e: a 
f. estate, f. fundus, Pl.: a f. grief, f. 
maeror, Pl.: home and f. affairs, res 
domesticae ac f., Cic.: Vv. DOMESTIC. 
9. gentilis, e: corresponding to 
gens: v. FAMILY (Il): jf. religious 
rites, g. sacra, Liv.: f. names, g. no- 
mina, Suet.: the f. monument of the 
Demitii, g. Mmonumentum Domitiorum, 
Suet.: Cic. 3. gentilicius (like pre- 
ced., of which it is strictly an adject. 
form): Liv.: Vell.: Suet. Phr.: af. 
estate, avitus fundus, Hor.: f. secrets, 
arcana domus, Tac. 
famine: 1. fames, is, f. (hunger 
or scarcity in whatever degree): a severe 
J., f. mala, Liv.: the f. which then pre- 
vailed in Asia, f. quae tum erat in Asia, 
Cic.; to export corn in times of f., fru- 
mentum in f. exportare, Cic.: @ year 
memorable for seditions and f., annus 
seditionibus, fame, insignis, Liv.: the 
soldiers were enduring the extremity of 
f. milites extremam f. sustentabant, 
Caes.: to trust to f. for the surrender 
(of a town), deditionem a f. sperare, 
Veg.: to reduce by f., fame in dedi- 
tionem accipere, Liv. 9. indpia 
(scarcity of any kind): in the extre- 
mity of f. in summa inopia cibi, or 
without cibi, Liv.: while the Rhodians 
were suffering from f., in Rhodiorum 
inopia et fame, Cic.: v. STARVATION. 
famish (to die of hunger): fame 
necari, Cic.; f. perire, interire, Pl.: 
Cic.: v. TO STARVE. 
famished (a4j.): 1. famélicns: 
weary and f., lassus et f., Pl.: f. herds, 
f. armenta, Juv. 9. fiime énectus: 
Pl. : Cic.: v. STARVED. 
famous: ], clarus: v. mtus- 
TRIOUS. Q, céléber, bris, bre (gere- 
rally known or popular): @ man J. jor 
his ability, vir ingenio c., Tac.: Fe 
temples, c. templa, Quint.: most f. 
and joyous days, celeberrimi laetissimi- 
que dies, Cic.: a most f. monument, 
celeberrimum monumentum, Cic. 3. 
| inclitus (poet.) : Vv. RENOWNED. 4. 
nobilis: V. DISTINGUISHED. Intens., 
pernobilis, e: @ very f. i. @, well- 
known, epigram, pernobile epigramma, 
Gic. Phr.: what shall I first render 
| f. by satires ? quid prius illustrem sa- 
tiris? Hor. 
fan (subs.): 1, flabellum: Ter. 
Prop. : his tongue, as wt were, a ft. of 
sedition, illius lingua quasi f. seditionis, 
Cie. Fl. 23, 54. Hence, a (female) 
slave who bears a f., flabelliféra, PL. 
9, vannus, i, f. (af. Jor & innowing 
grain): to f. or winnow corn, grand 
vannis expurgare, Col.: the symbolical 
f. of Iacchus, mystica v. lacchi, Virg. 
~ fan (v.): ventilo, 1: im summer he 
slept with open doors, and even with a 
person f.ing him, aestate apertis foribus 
atque etiam aliquo ventilante cubabat, 
Suet.: Mart.: wind fs the flames, 
ventus incendia v., Sil.: Venus herself 
fs the torch to keep it alive. banc Venus 
ut vivat, v. ipsa facem, Prop.: v. TO 
winnow. Phr.: to f. the flames of 
strife, discord, certamen, discordiam, 
accendere, Liv.: v. TO KINDLE , 
fanatic 2 1, fandticus: like a 
| fanatical {fanatic smitten with the 





ragé, Ut fanaticus oestro percussus, JUV. 

the fanatical high-priest (of Cybele), f. 

antistes sacrorum, Juv.: (but the Latin 

word is stronger than the English, and 
285 


FANATICALLY 


implies a kind of frenzy or madness: 
hence, madman, fanatice homo ! Cic.). 

2. stiperstitidsus: v. SUPERSTITIOUS. 

fanatically: ianatice: Apul. 

fanaticism: 1, stperstitio, Onis, 
f.: this is perhaps the nearest word 
used by classical authors, but requires 
qualification: @ pestilential f., exitia- 
bilis s., ‘I'ac. Ann. 15, 44 (said by him of 
Christianity): a perverse f., prava et 
immodica s., Plin. Ep. 10, 97 (also of 
Christianity): in the same ep., Pliny 
speaks of the enthusiasm of the Chris- 
tians as, pervicacia et inflexibi'is obsti- 
natio. Q. perh. error f maticus atque 
superstitiosus, furor religiosus, super- 
stitiosus. 

fancied (adj.): commenticius, fictus: 
V. IMAGINARY. 

fanciful: (no exact word); a f. 
man, perh. *homo (vanis) imaginibus, 
phantuasiis, vanis cogitationibus, dedi- 
tus: or in the sense of fickle, whimst- 
cal, levis, inconstans: V. CAPRICIOUS. 

fancifully (v. FANCIFUL): @ poem f. 
written, peri. *pvema venustis, lepidis, 
imaginibus ornatum, repletum: but the 
idea cannot be fully expressed by means 
of the pure classical vocabulary. The 
word imaginarie occurs in Sidonius ; 
but in different sense (Ip. 2, 10). 

fancifulness (v. FANCIFUL): @ poet 
remarkavle for the f. of his writings, 
perh. *poeta lepidis, venustis, festivis 
suis imaginibus (phantasiis) insignis. 

fancy (subs.): |. Zmagination, as 
a faculty: q. v. Il. Vhe object of 
the faculty, an idea, conception : 1. 
spécies, @i, f.: empty f.s, vanae S., 
Hor. A. P. 7: no ida, or f., can be con- 
ceived, nulla s. cogitari potest, Cic. Div. 
2, 67,132. Q, phantasia (a late word, 
and written by Cicero with Greek cha- 
racters, davtaci~): a mere f., not a 
man, ph., non homo, Petr. 38: Sen. 3, 
imagina io, Onis, f. (a rare word): f.s 
cecurring in sleep, imaginationes in 
somno, Plin. 10, 7, 26. 4, somnium 
(contemptuously : a dream): mere f-s, 
somnia, l'er.: like a sick man’s f.s, 
velut segri somnia, Hor. A. P. 7: v. 
DREAM. _ 5, libido, inis, f. (CAPRICE): 
according to one’s f., ad libidinem, ex 
libidine, Cic.: Sall.: even the declination 
of the atoms is invented of his mere f., 
ipsa declinatio ad libidinem fingitur, 
Cic.: not to obey even kings save ac- 
cording to their f., ne regibus quidem 
parere nisi ex I., l'ac 6, prolibium 
(a@ humour or inclination): they take a 
f. to hear, p. audiendi subit (eos), Gell. 
16, 19. (Simly, Liv. has dulcedo invasir, 
foll. by gerund: 5,13.) Phr.: if Ihave 
a f. to do so, si libet, Hor.: v. HUMOUR, 
CAPRICE. 

fancy (v.): fingo: 
CONCEIVE. 

fane: fanum: v. TEMPLE. 

fang: dens, dentis, m.: v. TOOTH. 
Phr.: f. of a tooth *dentis radix. 

fanged: 1, dentatus: v. TOOTHED, 

9, liiparus: the sharp-fanged curb, 

lupata frena, Hor. 3, *actitis, longis, 
praelongis, dentibus instructus, 

fangless: Gdentiilus: Pl. Cas. 3, 2, 
20; and Most. 1, 3, 118. Phr.: a f. 
serpent, *serpens cui dentes extorti sunt, 
exciderunt. 

fantastic, fantastical : perh. van- 
us: f. imaginations, v. specivs, Hor. 
A. P. 7: v. FANCIFUL. Phr.: a f. 
poem, *poema meris phantasiis re- 
fertum: v. FANcy (IL.). 

far, far off (adv. and prep.): |, 
Of space : 1, procitl (lit. before the 
eyes: hence not necessarily implying a 
great distanc’: usu. with prep. ab): 
not no” f. off (standing aloof), but 
here present, the gods defend their 
temples non jam p., sed hic praesenies, 
sua templa dii defendunt, Cic.: stand f. 
off (aloo/’), ye uninitiated, p. este, pro- 
fani! Virs.: to be carried away f. from 
the land, p. a terra abripi, Cic.: to be f. 
away out of sight, esse p. a conspectu, 
Cic.: v. DISTANCE (L., pars Bales. ai 
am conscious that this fault is f. from 
me, conscia mihi sum a me culpam hanc 

286 


Vv. TO IMAGINE, 





FAR AS, AS FAREWELL 


Cic.: as f. as the remotest bounds of the 
Fast, usque extremos Orientis terminos, 
Just.: so of time or succession, as f. 
back as Romulus, deinceps retro usque 
ad Romulum. Cic. Rep. 1, 37. Phr.: 
T will assist as f. as I can, adjutabo 
quod (quoad) potero, Ter.: as f. as de- 
pends on me, quod ad me attinet, Cic. : 
as f. as concerns me, you may snore, 
per me stertas licet, Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 93: 
as f.as I can remember, ut mea me- 
moria est, Cic. Att. 13, 31: as f. as the 
eye could reach, quo longissime con- 
spectum oculi ferebant, Liv. 1, 18. 

far, so or thus: 1, hacténus 
(and no farther): thus f. will I wonder 
at their slowness, h. admirabor tardi- 
tatem eorum, Cic.: olten with ellipsis 
of verb: thus f. to-day: the rest let us 
postpone till to-mmvow, in hunc diem 
hactenus: reliqua differamus in cras- 
tinum, Cic. Rep. 2, 44, fin.: thus f. 
Aeacides (spoke), h. Aeacides, Ov. It is 
sometimes foll. by the correl. ut, quoad, 
quod: hactenus ut, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 
119: h. quoad, Cic. Fam. 4, 3, med.: hb. 
quod, Plin. Ep. 9, 15. 2. eaténus 
(requiring always a correl., as, quoad, 
ut(ne]}): civil right they carried out 
only so f. as they desived the people to 
discharge it, civile jus eat. exercuerunt, 
quoad populum praestare voluerunt, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 4, 14: at first he interfered 
only so f.as to prevent anything going 
wrong, primo eat. interveniebat, ne quid 
perperam fieret, Suet. Tib. 33: it is also 
foll. by quatenus: Cels. 3, quadam- 
ténus (tu a certain extent): it is pos- 
sible to advance so f., if it is not allowed 
to go beyond, est quadam prodire tenus, 
si non datur ultra, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 32. 

far-fetched: 1, longé répétitus: 
f. words, vocabula longe r., Cic. de Or, 
3, 40, 160 (the comparative would ex- 
press the meaning more exactly, longius 
r.; for in the passage quoted there is no 
notion of censure; so, a 7. word, verbum 
longius ductum, Cic. Brut. 79, 274). 2, 
arcessitus: care must be taken that an 
expression be not thought f., cavendum 
est ne ar. dictum putetur, Cic. de Or. 2, 
63, 256: frigid and f. jokes, frigidi et 
ar. joci, Suet. 8. quaesitus: the ora- 
tor will avoid such (witticisms) as are 
f., and do not arise out of the occasion, 
vitabit quaesita, nec ex tempore ficta, 
Cic. Or. 26, 89: a f., studied, courtesy, 
qu. comitas, l’ac. 4, affectatus (af- 
fected, not coming naturally) : things f. 
and unnatural, af. et parum naturalia, 
Quint. 11, 3, 10. 

farce: mimus (v. Dict. Ant.): the 
denouement of the f., mimi exitus, Cic.: 
to write f.s, mimos scribere, Ov.: to act 
a f., m. agere, Suet. Actor or actress 
in a f., Mimus, mima (mimila), Cic. : 
Hor. Fig.: the f. of human life, vitae 
mimus, Sen.: the f. of commendation, 
commendationis m., Pl. 

farcical; mimicus: a f. jest, jocus 
m., Cic.: f. things, res m., Plin.: v. also 
RIDICULOUS. 

farcically ; mimicé: Cat.: ert.: 
Vv. RIDICULOUSLY. 

farcy (a disease in horses and other 
animals, of the nature of mange): fare 
ciminum: Veg. Vet. 

fare (v.): originally = to go (nearly 
obs.: “so on he fares,” Milt.), hence to 
be going on, well or ill: Phr.: how f.s 
it with you, quid agis? Pl (v. TO DO, 
IV.): Hor.: how f.d you at Nasidie- 
nus’s dinner-party, ut Nasidieni juvit 
te coena? Hor.: if it had f.d ill with 
him, si male cesserat, Hor. (v. 20 SUC- 
cEED): Iam faring well, bene habemus 
nos, Cic.: it f.s ill with the poor when 
he apes the rich, inops potentem dum 
vult imitari, perit, Phaedr. 1, 24: less 
strong, humiles laborant, ubi, etc., ib. 30. 

fare (subs.): |. Food: cibus: v. 
Foop. Phr.: very nice f., saves res, 
Hor. ||, Money paid for journeying : 

1, vectiira: Pl.: Sen. Q, naulum 

(only of fares by water): Juv. b 
A person conveyed in @ vehicle: vector: 
Cic.: Virg.: Vv. PASSENGER. 

farewell: 1, Avé (later avé), 


esse p., Ter.: the men who are f. from 
the recollection of this age, viri qui sunt 
p. ab aetatis hujus memoria, Cic.: Ff: 
(aloof) from business. p- negotiis, Hor. 

9. longé (at a great distance): 1 
am f. away, 1. absum, Cic.: the terri- 
tories of the Santones are not f. from 
those of the Tolosates, Santonum fines non 
1. a Tolosatium finibus absunt, Caes. : 
to sight future contingencies f. ahead, 
1. prospicere futuros casus, Cic.: I will 
not go farther avay, non longius dis- 
eedam, Cic.: f. and wide, |. lateque, 
Cic.: Caes. Fig.: to be very f. from 
the truth, longissime abesse a vero, 
Cic.: I seem to you not to deviate f. 
from the discoveries of Aristotle, ab 
Aristotelisinventis tibi ego videor non 1. 
aberrare, Cic. Phr.: far from it! mi- 
nime! diimeliora! Cic.: sof.am I from 
admiring my own works, .... that 
even Demosthenes does not satisfy me, 
tantum abest ut nostra miremur, ut 
nobis non satisfaciat ipse Demosthenes, 
Cic. Or. 29, 104: these words were so 
f. from having any influence on any- 
body, that the ambassadors were well- 
nigh outraged, haec dicta adeo nihil 
quenquam moverunt, ut legati prope 
violati sint, Liv. 3,2: the Afi icans and 
Carthaginians, so f. from sustaining 
the attuct, .... fell back, Afri et Car- 
thaginienses adeo non sustinebant, ut 
contra.... pedem referrent, Liv. 30, 34, 
med. : I have resolved not to touch wpon 
foreign affairs, except in so f. as they 
are connected with those of Rome, statui 
non ultra attingere externa, nisi qua 
Romanis cobaerent rebus, Liv. 39, 48, 
fn.: Vell.: he is as f. from observing 
proper bounds who falls below his sub- 
ject as he who goes beyond it, non minus 
non servat modum qui infra rem dicit 
quam qui supra, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 20. 

I]. Of degree: 1, longé: f. other- 
wise, 1. aliter, Cic.: f. the most distin- 
guished, 1, nobilissimus, Caes.: f. more 
powerful, 1. potentior, Ov.: by f. the 
most wealthy state, 1. opulentissima 
civitas, Liv.: as f. as possible different 
is the principle, longissime diversa est 
ratio, Cic 2, multo (less strong than 
longe): it is f. better. m. praestat, Sall. : 
by f. the greatest part, m. maxima pars, 
Cic.: f. otherwise, m. aliter, Ter.: v. 
MUCH (ad».). 3, multum (rare and 
poet.) : f. stronger than he, m. robustior 
illo, Juv. Phr.: not till the day was 
f. spent, multo denique die, Caes. B, G. 
I, 22: 

far, from: préciil: whose voice sounds 
from f., cuja vox p. sonat? Pl. (but to 
express clearly the terminus a quo, ex 
longinqno or some such phrase must 
be used: to see from 7., ex longinquo 
intueri, Plin.: aconite kills mice from 
f. off, aconitum procul et e longinquo 
mures necat, Plin.). 

—, how: 1. quoad: see now how 
Ff. he has proceeded more openly than 
before, videte nunc quoad apertius fec- 
erit iter quam antea, Cic., Agr. I, 2, 5. 

9, quaténus (implying no farther) : 
how 7. he ought to advance, quatenus 
progredi debet, Cic.: how f. laughable 
subjects are to be handled by an orator, 
must be very carefully considered, qua- 
tenus sint ridicula tractanda oratori, 
perquam diligenter videndum est, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 58, 237. 3, quousque (in- 
terrog.): how f. ought I to descend, 
quousque degredi debeo? Plin. (For 
how jar, with comp., how f. better, etc. : 
Vv. HOW MUCH.) 

— as, as: 1, ténus (always 
after the governed word), with abl.: 
also gen. (chiefly with the plural): as 
far as the loins, lumborum t., Cic.: as 
Jf. as the cities of Corcyra, urbium C. 
tenus, Liv.: as f. as the middle of the 
body, pube t. Virg.: as f. as Mt. 
Taurus, Tauro t., Cic. 9. quaténus 
(adverbially): as f. as they could go 
with safety, quatenus tuto ire poterant, 
Liv.: Col. 3, usqué: with or without 
ad (adusque, Virg.: Hor.): to set out as 
far as from the upper sea to Rome, 
usque a supero mari Romam proficisci, 














FARM 


Avéto, pl. iveté (rare): at the end ofa 


letter, Sall. Cat. 35: Suet.: of the part- 
ing salutation of the dead, in perpetuum 
frater ave atque vale! Cat. 9, vale 
(valé), or before a vowel, valéas, etc. : 
often at the end of a letter: Cic.: Plin.: 
to bid one f., valere jubere, dicere, Cic. : 


I saluted him; afterwards too I bade 


him f., illum salutavi, post etiam jussi 
valere, Cic. Like “farewell,” vale may 
be used as a subs.: to say the sad f,, 
dicere triste vale, Ov. 3. salvé, etc. : 


farewell for ever, great Pallas, for ever 
f., salve aeternum mihi, maxime Pallas, 
(But salve 
was strictly the morning salutation, 
used on meeting friends: vale the even- 
Phr.: Iwill bid 


aeternumque vale! Virg. 


ing and parting one.) 
along f. to the forum and senate-house, 


ego vero multam salutem foro dicam et 
curiae, Cic. Fam. 7, 33: / bid you f. be- 


fore I go, saluto te priusquam eo, Jellie 
Y. TO SALUTE. 
farm (swbst.) : i. 


fructus et cultura, Cic.: my f., f. meus, 
Hor.: the word fundus included both 


house and land: ager cum aedificio 
fundus dicitur, Florent. Dig.: v. ESTATE. 
2. praedium (rusticum): Dimin., 


praedidlum: v. ESTATE 3. ager, 


gri, m. (any land): my Sabine f., ager 
Dimin., Agellus: poor 


Sabinus, Hor. 
and owning but a meagre little f,, 
macro pauper agello, Hor. 4, ris, 
ruris, 7. (poet.): admire large f.s, till 
a small one, |audato ingentia rura, ex- 
iguum colito, Virg.: one’s paternal f., 
paternum r., p. rura, Hor.: from my 
oum f. adjoining, ex meo propinquo 
ture, Ter.  §, aratio (prop. a portion 
of public land, esp. in a@ province: ct. 
Cic. Verr. 3. 98, extr.): this man rented 
large f.s, is arationes magnas conductas 
habebat, Cic. Phr.: a f. house, villa: 
Col.: Cat.: a@ small f. house, villila: 
Cic.: af. labourer, cdlonus, Virg.: Cic. : 
belonging to a f.-house, villaticus, Col. 

farm (v.): |. Zotill: 1, cdlo, 
3: V. TO CULTIVATE. 9, iro, 1: the 
Roman citizens who f. in Sicily, cives 
R. qui arant in Sicilia, Cic.: Virg. 

I]. Zo rent, hire: 1, condico, xi, 

ctum, 3: to f. the taxes, vectigalia c., 
Cic, 2. rédimo, €mi, emp um, 3: 
to f. the customs, portoria r., Caes. : 
Cic, II]. Zo lease or let: léco, 1: to 
J. out the dues, portorium locare (opp. 
to conducere, to contract for them), Cic. 
Inv. 1, 30, 47: V. TO CONTRACT. 

farmer: |. A cultinator of the 
soil : 1, agricola: Cic.: Virg. 9: 
cdlonus: Cato: Cic. 3. arator: Cic. : 
Hor. Il. A hirer, contractor: q. v. 
Phr.: af. of the public revenues, pub- 
licanus: Cic.: Liv. 

farming (subs.): |. The cultiva- 
tion of the soil: , agriculttira: Cic.: 
Caes, 2, (in widest sense) res rus- 
ticae: Cic.: Cato: Vv. AGRICULTURE. 

Il. 4 hiring, taking on lease: 1, 

conductio: a f. of the taxes, c. vectiga- 
lium, Liv. 2, rédemptio: Cic. It 
may often be expressed by a participle : 
to get rich by f. the revenues, *condu- 
tendis, redimendis, vectigalibus divitias 
comparare : v. CONTRACT. 

farrago: prop. a Latin word (far- 
rago, inis, f.), borrowed from Juv. 1, 
86, the f. (medley, hodge-podge) of my 
eittle book, nostri f. libelli. Phr.: f. 
of words, incondita verborum caterva, 
a perh. sartago, inis, f.: v. Pers. 
I, 80. 

farrier: 1, vétérinarius: swell- 
ings on the tongue which f.s call frogs, 
incrementa linguae quas v. ranas vocant, 
Col. 2, médicus équarius, Val. Max. 

farriery : médicina ‘vétérinaria : 
rae in f., vet. medicinae prudens, 

farrow (v.): i.e. to bring forth (q. v.); 
used only of swine: pirio, 3. Phr.: a 
sow that has just f.’d, feta sus, Virg. 

farther: |. As adj.: ultérior, 
ius: the f. harbour, ult. portus, Caes. : 
the f. bank, ult. ripa, Virg.: f. Gaul, 
Gallia ult., Cic.: Caes. Phr.: on the 

















fundus: the 
produce und cultivation of a f., fundi 








FASCINATION 


neorr and f. side of the Po, cis Padum 
ultraque, Liv.: on the nearer or f. stde 
of the boundaries, ultra citraque fines, 
Hor. : v. also FURTHER. ||. As adv. : 
1, longius: Iwill not go f. away, 
non |. discedam, Cic.: Vv. FAR. A 
ultra (toa further point: usu. foll. by 
quam): he advances no f. than into the 
territory of the Herniei, non u. quam 
in Hernicos procedit, Liv. 3, 8: Cic. 
3, ultérius (like preced.): to ad- 
vance f., ulterius procedere, Quint. 
farthest: |. Asagj.: 1, ul- 
timus (often = farthest part of): the f. 
regions of sea and land, ult. maris ter- 
rarumque orae, Liv.: in the f. part of 
the house, in ult. aedibus, Pl.: f. Hes- 
peria, ult. Hesperia, Hor. . death is the 
Ff. boundary line of all things, mors est 
ult. linea rerum, Hor.: the sky is the 
last and f. part of the world, coelum 
extremum atque ult. mundi est, Cic. 
2. extrémus (extimus): in the f. 
part of Cappadocia, in extr. Cappadocia, 


Africae, Plin. 
simé: v. FAR. * 

farthing: J. Lit.: the fourth 
part of a coin or sum: quadrans, ntis, 
m. (fourth part of an as) : to bathe for 
a f., quadrante lavare, Hor.: I have not 
a single f. in my chest, q. mihi nullus 
est in arca, Mart. 
an insignificant sum: 1, as, assis. 
m.: what is not wanted is dear at a f., 
quod non opus est, asse carum est, Cato 
in Sen. Ep. 94, 28: he had lost his prize- 
money to the last f., viatica ad assem 
perdiderat, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27. 9. tér- 
uncius, i, . Gree: three ounces, @ quar- 
ter of an as): they are not put to a 
single f.’s ecpense about anybody, nullus 
ter. insumitur in quenquam, Cic.: not a 
man has fingered a f. of my spoils, de 
praeda mea ter. non attigit quisquam, 
Cic. Fam. 2, 5, 17. 3. libella (dimin. 
of libra—=as): who would have given Vol- 
catius a single f.! quis vnam Volcatio 
libellam dedisset? Cic. Verr. 2, 10, 26. 
4, raudusctilum (a small copper 
coin: rare): nor do I carea f. for tt, 
nec mehercule me raudusculum movet, 
Cic. Att. 14, 15, ad fin. §, nummus 
(ntimus), m. (not used in contemptuous 
sense): it agrees to a f., ad n. convenit, 
Cic. (= ad assem, Hor.: Plin. Ep.; ad 
libellam, Cic.). Phr.: not to care a f. 
for gossip, ramores omnes unius assis 
aestimare, Cat.: not to care a f. for the 
whole commonwealth, totam remp. non 
flocei facere, Cic. 
fasces;: a Latin word, fascés, ium, 
m.: the lictors went before with the two 
f., anteibant lictores cum duobus fasci- 
bus, Cic.: the f. are carried before the 
praetors, f. praetoribus praeferuntur, 
Cic. : to lower the f. before the people, f. de- 
mittere, summittere, populo, Cic.: Liv. : 
Ff. decked with laurel, f. laureati, Gic. 
fascinate: |. To bewitch with an 
evil eye: 1, fascino, 1: Z know not 
what eye f.s my tender lambs, nescio 
quis teneros mibi fascinet agnos, Virg. 

9, effascino: Plin.: Gell. Il. Zo 

charm, captivate : 1, capio. cépi, 
eaptum, 3: Join: capere ac delenire, 
Cic.: Vv. TO CHARM. 9. téneo, ui, 
ntum, 2 (to keep in a state of attention, 
to absorb): esp. in pass.: the eyes are 
J.d by painting, the ears by songs, oculi 
pictura, tenentur aures cantibus, Cic. - 
to be f.d by pomp, games, and spectacles 
of that kind, pompa, ludis, atque ejus- 
modi spectaculis teneri, Cic. 8. dé- 
lénio, 4 (usu. in bad sense): to f. one by 
the seductions of pleasure, aliquem blan- 
ditiis voluptatum d., Cic. 

fascinating (adj.): no Latin word 
exactly equivalent. Phr.: f. strains, 
*carmina quibus aures capiantur; *car- 
mina suavissima, mira dulcedine: a f. 
woman, mulier formosissima, venustis- 
sima: f. vices, vitia blandientia, Tac. : 
V. CHARMING. 

fascination: |. Lit.: fascinatio, 
effascinatio: Plin. {l. Fig., esp. in 
pl., charms : 1, dulcédo, inis, 7. (na- 
tural sweetness): to be smitten by the f. 


I], As adv.: iongis- 


|. In gen. sense> | 
| complerent, Cues. 


| 


Cic.: the f. parts of Africa, extrema | 








FASHION 


of honour and riches, honoris et pecuniae 
dulcedine capi, Cic. I'am. 15, 28, med.: 
to be moved by the f. of glory, gloriae & 
commoveri, Cic. Arch. I0, 24 hi 
blanditia, blandimentum (of that which 
wins upon the senses): both usu. in pl: 
corrupted by the f.s of pleasure, corrupti 
blanditiis voluptatum, Cic.: captivated 
by no f.s, nullis blandimentis captus, 
Plin. Ep. 8. illécebrae, arum (entice- 
ments: usu. in bad sense): the f.s of 
vice, il. malorum, Cic.: the f.s of cor- 
ruption, corruptelarum iL, Cic.: virtue 
ought to attract you by her oun fs to 
true glory, suis te oportet iL ipsa virtus 
trahat ad verum decus, Cic. Rep. 6, 23. 
4, d@lénimenta. orum (usu. in bad 
sense): the f.s of vice, d. vitiorum, Tac. 
Agr. 21: Vv. CHARMS. 5, léndcinia, 
drum (only in bad sense): to suisender 
oneself to the f.s of sensuality, se cuyidi- 
tatum lenociniis dedere, Cic. Sext. 66, 138. 
fascine: 1. craies,is, f.: to cover 
with f.s, cratibus consternere,Caes. 2, 
fascina: v. FAGOT. 3. virgarum, sar- 
mentorum, stramentorum, fascis: they 
placed f.s in frout of the line, 1. stra 
mentorum atque Virgullorum ante aciem 
collocaverunt, Hirt. B. G. 4, sar- 
mentum, virgultum, in pl.: they col- 
lected bundles of brushwood (for fas- 
cines) to fill the trenches with, sarmenta 
et virgulta collegerunt, quibus fossas 


fashion (subs.): |. Shape, form : 
q. V- I]. Prevailing custom : iB 
mos, moris, m.: he sat it vas not the 
Ff. of the Greeks, negavit moris esse 
Graecorum, Cic.: the old /. keeps its 
ground, mos antiquus manet, Cic.: t 
drink after the Greek f., Graeco more 
bibere, Cic.: to bring a thing into f., in 
(nostros) mores, in morem, inducere, per- 
ducere, Cic.: to come into f., in morem 
venire, Liv.: Ov.: after the f., ex more, 
de more, more, mcre hominum, I'l. : 
Ter.: Virg.: to seek honour for infamy 
is now the f., petere honorem pro fla- 
gitio, more fit, I'l. 2, consuétiido 
(denoting a less permanent usage): Vv. 
CUSTOM. 3, ritus, is, m. (reterring 
strictly to religious customs): esp. in 
phr. after the f. (manner) of, ritu: 
after the f. of brutes, quadrupedum rita, 
Luer.; pecudum r., Cic.: after the f. of 
young men, juvenum r., Hor. — 4, séct- 
lum (“the age”; with its fashions): 
no one there laughs at vices, nor are se- 
ducing and being sedued called the f., 
nemo illic vitia ridet, nec corrumpere et 
corrumpi sec. vocatur, Tac. Ger. 1G: 
not yet had that disregard of the gods 
which is now the f., come in, nondum 
haec, quae nunc tenet s., negligentia deum 
venerat, Liv. 3, 20, med. Phu.: it is 
my f. to talk nonsense, soleo nugas gar- 
rire, Pl.: you should not use these words 
if youcan help it; by that means they 
will go out of f., bis verbis opertet, si 
possis, non uti; sic enim obsolescent, 
Varr. 9 (8), 10: he was dressed quite 
out of the f., obsoletius vestitus fuit, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, 152: many words 
have gone out of f., multa ceciderunt 
verba, Hor. A. P. jo: skin clothing fell 
into contempt, went out of f., pellis ce- 
cidit vestis contempta ferina, Luer. 5, 
1417: a person of f., vir elegans, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 8, 23. 

fashion (v.): 1, fabréfiicio, féci, 
factum, 3 (to employ workmanship upon : 
chiefly in p. part.) : silver and brass (skil- 


fully) f’d, argentum aesque fabrefact- 


um, Liv.: a bowl f.’d of different metal- 
lic materials, lanx ex diversis metallicis 
materiis fabrefacta, Ammian. Fig. * 
this trick has been f.’d by us, haec est 
fabrefacta a nobis fallacia, PL. 9. fub- 
rico, fabricor, 1 (to frame, shape): the 
power which fd man, vis quae fabricata 
est hominem, Cic.: philosophy forms and 
f.s the mind, philosophia animum format 
‘et fabricat, Sen. Ep. 16, 3. 3, effingo, 
nxi, ctum, 3 (to form a figure, an 
image): to f. the beauty of the Coan 
Venus, Veneris Coae pulchritudinem 
eff., Cic.: to f. the images of the gods 
after the appearances of — deup 
287 


FASHIONABLE 


imagines in species hominum eff., Tac. 
H. 5,5. Phr.: you will be able to f. 


anything you like out of the wet clay, | 


argilla quidvis imitaberis uda, Hor. Ep. 
2, 2, 8: V. TO MOULD, FORM. I 

fashionable: _1. expr. by phr., i 
ts f., etc.: moris est, more fit, etc.: v. 
FASHION. Q. élégans, ntis: dainty, 

f., men (exquisites), mundi, elegantes, 
Cic, Fin. 2, 8, 23. Phr.: to be f.in 
dress and diet, cultum victumque ad 
nova exempla componere, Sen. 

fashionably: 1, ad morem, ex 
(de) more: v. FASHION. Q, perh. elég- 
anter: v. ELEGANTLY, . 

fast (adj.): i.e. firm (q. v.): chiefly 
in special phrases: /. j/riends, firmi 
amici, Pl.; firmiet stabiles et constantes 
amici, Cic. Am. 14, 62: f. colours, perh. 
stabiles colores: v. TO FASTEN; MAKE 
FIRM. 

fast, make: 1. firmo, confirmo, 
I: V. FASTEN, MAKE FIRM. Q, occlido, 
si, sum, 3 (to shut, lock up): to make 

f. a@ house with bolts, aedes pessulis, 
repagulis oc., Pl.: to make f. a door 
with a key, clave oc. ostium, Pl.: a 
door that has been made very 7., ostium 
occlusissimum, Pl.: v. TO SHUT, LOCK. 
fast (adv.); firmiter, diligenter 5 cél- 
ériter: v. FIRMLY; SWIFTLY. 

fast (v.): to abstain from food: 1, 
jéjunus sum: J had f.'d so completely 
Jor twe days as not even to taste water, 
biduum ita jejunus fueram, ut ne aguam 
quidem gustarem, Cic. Fam. 7, 26: @ 
stomach that seldom f.s, loathes homely 
fare, raro jejunus stomachus vulgaria 
temnit, Hor. S. 2, 2, 38. 2. jejuno, 1 
(unclassical): Hier.: Tert. 3. jeju- 
nium servo: used of special religious 
observance: no Jew f.s so scrupulously 
on his sabbaths as I have done on this, 
ne Judaeus quidem tam diligenter sab- 
batis jejunium s., quam ego hodie ser- 
vavi, Suet. Aug. 76. 4, abstineo, ui, 
tentum, 2: (properly, with abl. ex- 
pressed): the patient ought to f. the day 
before, that he may be fit for such a 
treatment, pridie abs. debet aeger, ut 
aptus tali curationi sit, els. (not so in 
Cic.): more fully, aqua ciboque abs., Col. 

fast (swbs.): jéjinium: to break a f,, 
j. solvere, Cic.: those, long f.s subdue, 
with scanty food, illos longa domant 
inopi j. victu, Ov.: to appoint a f. in 
honour of Ceres, j. Cereri instituere, 
Liv.: to declare a f., j. indicere, Hor. : 
Vv. FASTING. 

fasten: 1, figo, xi, xum, 3: to f. 
with a beam-lile nail, i. e. immovably, 
clavo trabali f., Cic. Verr. 5, 21, 53: v. 
TO FIX. 9, apto, 1 (to put close to): 
v. TO FIT, ADJUST. 3, anneclo, 3: Vv. 
TO FASTEN. 4, révincio, nxi, nctum, 
4 (to fasten back, so as not to be forced 
away): the anchors were f.'d with iron 
chains, ancorae ferreis catenis revinctae 
sunt, Caes.: the beams are f.’d on the 
inner side, revinciuntur trabes introrsus, 
Caes. 5, alligo, 1: v. TO TIE, TETHER. 

6, déligo, 1 (to fasten to some point 
or place): to f. a boat toa bank, navi- 
culum ad ripam d., Caes.: to f. a letter 
to a thong, epistolam ad amentum 4d., 
Caes.: to f.a man’s beal: to the table 
(faceté), apud mensam homini rostrum 
d., Pl. Men. 1, 1, 13. 7. defigo, 3: v. 
foll. art. 

— down: lL, défigo, xi, xun, 
3: to f. down beams, tigna d., Caes. 
Also to f. ina particular spot: a jave- 
lin f.s itself in the belt of Pulfio, Pul- 
fioni verutum in pectus defigitur, Caes, 
B. G. 5, 44. Q. destino, 1: to f. 
rafts down (moor them) with anchors, 


rates ancoris d., Caes. B.C. 1, 25. Also | 


like defigo (v. supr.): ropes f/d the 
sailyards to the masts, funes antennas 
ad malos destinabant, Caes. B. G. 3, 14. 
— on: V. (fasten) UPON. 
—to: 1, affigo, 3 (with ad and 
acc. or dat.): Prometheus fd to Cau- 
casus, Prometheus Caucaso affixus, Cic. : 


he f.d the man to the ground by the | 


point of his spear, hominem cuspide ad 
terram affixit, Liv. 2, annecto, xui, 


xum, 3 (by tying; whereas affigo is to | 
288 


FASTIDIOUS 


f. by natls, rivets, etc.: same constr. as 
preced.): the raft was fd to it by 
means of chains, annexa ratis erat vin- 
culis, Liv.: Cic.: v. TO JOIN TO. : 
alligo, 1 (by binding): to f. to the stake, 
ad palum al., Cic. 4, applico, cui, 
citum, 1: Vv. TO ATTACH TO. 5, illigo, 
1: ploughs f.d to heifers, illigata aratra 
juvencis, Hor.. he had skill in fang 
JSigures on golden cups, emblemata scite 
in aureis poculis illigabat, Cic. Verr. 4, 
24,54. 6, impingo, pégi, pactum, 3 
(by striking or any violent means): to 
Sj. fetters on & man, compedes alicui 
imp., Pl. 7. (in pass., or when there 
is a reflect. pron.) haereo, si, sum, 2: 
the ladders ure f.'d to the walls, haerent 
parietibus scalae, Virg.: to be f.’d down 
by roots, radicibus h., Virg.: @ bone hav- 
ing f.'d itself in the throat of a wolf, os 
fauce quum haereret lupi, Phaedr. 
Similarly, adhaereo (with dat. or in 
and abl.): Cic. 
fasten together: 1. configo, xi, 
xum, 3 (cf. preced. art. 2): the cross- 
beams were f.’d together with nails, 
transtra ferreis clavis confixa sunt, 
Caes. 9. connecto, xui, xum, 3: vV. 
TO JOIN TOGETHER. 8. conséro, ui, 
rtum, 3 (usu. to arrange in order to- 
gether): a mantle f.d together by a 
clasp, sagulum fibula consertum, Tac. 
4, colligo, 1 (as by tying): shields 
fd together by a single blow of the 
javelins, scuta uno ictu telorum col- 
ligata, Caes. 5, compingo, pégi, pac- 
tum, 3 (with firmness and compactness) : 
buildings firmly f.’d together, aedificia 
compacta, Sen.: with beams firmly J 7d 
together, trabibus compactis, Virg. 
up: obtiro, 1 (as a door): to 
ft. up the ears (refuse to hear), aures ob., 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105: Varr. 
upon: |, Zo make one thing 
fast upon another : 1, offigo, 3: to 
J. the feet upon (a cross), pedes of., Pl. : 
Liv. 33, 5, med. 2. obligo, 1 (with 
acc. and dat.): to f. a graft with bark, 
libro surculum obl., Pl. (more usu. of 
binding up wounds, or in fig. sense, to 
bring under obligation) : Vv. TO BIND UP. 
8. illigo, affigo, etc.: v. TO FASTEN 
To. |. Fig.: Tobringupon: Phr.: 
to f. ignominy upon a dead man, mor- 
tuum ignominia afficere, Cic. Rose. A. 
39, 113: to f. that stain upon the Clau- 
dian family, eam maculam Claudiae 
genti inurere, Liv. 3, 58: simly, alicui 
probrum, labem, infamiam turpitudinis 
inferre, Cic.: v. TO BRING UPON. Ill. 
Intrans.: to attack with violence : 
1, arripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (to 
snatch at, seize upon): to f. upon any 
one with the teeth, aliquem mordicus 
ar., Pl.: the inflammation stealing over 
the body, scorches whatever part it f.s 
upon, ignis corpore serpens urit quam- 
cunque arripuit partem, Lucr. 6, 662. 
2. incesso, ivi, itum, 3 (to attaci) : 
to f. with spiteful fingers on the face 
and eyes, infestis digitis ora et oculos 
inc., Suet. Cal. 25, extr. 3, haereo, 
si, sum, 3: let your fist straightway f. 
on his cheek, pugnus continuo in mala 
haereat, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 17: to f. on (its 
prey) with talons, unguibus haerere, Virg. 
Aen. II, 752. 
fastening (subs.): 1, vinctilum, 
often pl. (any kind of tie or bond, q. v.): 
to loosen the f. of a letter, epistolae vin- 
cula 1, Nep. Paus. 4: Ov.: there is 
more than one kind of f. for a graft, 
vineuli genus ad insitionem non unum 
est, Col. 4, 29, ad fin. 9. claustra, 
orum, 7. pl. (of doors, windows, etc.) : to 
wrench away the f.s, c. revellere, Cic. : 
to loosen or undo them, c. laxare, Virg. : 
Vv. BOLT, BAR. 3, ?mentum (@ thong, 
a tie): slippers without any f., soleae 
sine a., Plin. 34, 6, 14 (for the f. of 
dress in general, Vv. BUCKLE, CLASP). 
4, copiila (esp. a leash for ani- 
mals): Pl. 
fastidious: 1, délicatus: f. ears, 
d. aures, Quint. 3, I, 3. 9. elégans, 
ntis: ho, ho, how f. he is, heja ut e. 
est! Ter.: you know what a f. judge 
of beauty I am, nosti me quam e. for- 




















FAT 


marum spectator siem, Ter. Eun. 3, §, 
18. (The word elegans was originally 
used in good sense only, and so occurs 
continually in Cic.) 3. fastididsus 
(ef. Cic. Br. 57, 207): the extremely f. 
sense of hearing, fastidiosissimus aurium 
sensus, Auct. Her. 4, 23, 32: V- SQUEAM- 
IsH. 4, morosus (not so used in Cic.) : 
somewhat J. about his person, circa cor- 
poris curam morosior, Suet. Caes. 45. 
5, siiperbus: a f., dainty, tooth, s. 

dens, Hor.: ears whose judgment ts 
very f., aures quorum est judicium su- 
perbissimum, Cic. Or. 44, I50: v. 
DAINTY. 

fastidiously: 14, fastididsé: to 
judge carefully and almost f., diligenter 
et prope f. judicare, Cic. 2. morosé 
(¥. AFFECTEDLY): he weighed most f. the 
final judgments of his friends respecting 
him, amicorum suprema judicia moro- 
sissime pensitavit, Suet. Aug. 66. 

fastidiousness : 1. elégantia 
(rare in this sense): I am tormented 
with the fear that his f. will scorn my 
charms, metus me lacerat, ne ejus el. 
meam speciem spernat, Pl. 2. fasti- 
dium: to be altogether unacquainted 
with our own poets is a mark either of 
the most dainty f., or etc., radem esse 
omnino in nostris poetis est aut f. deli- 
catissimi aut .. ., Cic. Fin. 1, 2, §: to 
endure the f. of a disdainful 2 
spectatoris fastidia ferre superbi, Hor. 
Ep. 2,1, 215. 3, mordsitas: by affec- 
tation and over-f. he obscured his style, 
affectatione et m. nimia obscurabat 
stilum, Suet. Tib. 7o. 

fasting (subs.): 1, jéjinium (esp. 
in religious sense): v. Fast. Phr.: (@ 
book) on f., de jejuniis, Tert. Le 
inédia: /illed by want of sleep and f., 
vigiliis et in. necatus, Cic.: to commit 
suicide by f., nedia vitam finire, Plin. 
Ep! 3; ste 3, abstinentia: to alle- 
viate a fever by vest and f., febrem 
quiete et abs. mitigare, Quint.: to com- 
mit suicide by f., vitam abstinentia 
finire, T'ac. Ann. 4, 35. 

fasting (adj.): 1, jéjtinus: 7. 
and tired bodies, j. et fessa corpora, 
Liv.: a f. stomach, j. stomachus, Hor. : 
I had been f., j. fueram, Cic. 2. im- 
pransus, i. e., without having taken 
breakfast: here f. (before you have 
broken fast) study with me, hic mecum 
impr. disquirite, Hor. S. 2, 2, 7: up- 
braided by the voice of the f. teacher, 
impr. voce correptus magistri, Hor. 8. 
2, 3,257. In both these cases the word 
meaus temperately jed, rather than 
strictly fasting. 

fastness: arx, locus munitus s. 
munitior: Vv. FORTRESS, STRONGHOLD. 

fat (adj.): 1, pinguis, e (most 
gen. term): to make a hen f., p. facere 
gallinam, Col.: a fatter lamb, pinguior 
agnus, Pl.: af. soil, p. solum, Virg. (v. 
RICH): you will see me J. and sleek and 
altogether in good condition, me p. et 
nitidum bene curata cute vises, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 4, extr. Very f., praepinguis, 
Virg.: Plin. 2. dbesus (only of the 
body): a f. thrush, ob. turdus, Hor.: @ 
body neither thin nor f., corpus neque 
gracile neque ob., Cels.: a very f. 
paunch, obesissimus venter, Plin.: Vv 
CORPULENT. 8, nitidus: v. SLEEK. 
Phr.: to grow f., pinguesco, crassesco, 
3: wasted cattle become f. on clover 
emaciatum armentum medica pingues- 
cit, Col.: swine grow f., crassescunt sues, 
Plin.: also glisco, 3: the ass grows f. 
on chaff, gliscit asinus paleis, Col. 7, 1. 

fat (subs.): 1, adeps, ipis, m. 
(solid fat, without fleshy matter): hog’s, 
bear's, fox’s f., a. suillus, ursinus, vul- 
pinus, Varr.: Plin.: the f. of all ani- 
mals is void of feeling, a. cunctis sine 
sensu, Plin. 11, 37, 85: also found in 
pl.: to remove the f. from a man’s body 
(by amputation), adipes alicui detrahere, 
Plin. lc. Fig.: I saw that I had not 
to dread the drowsiness of Lentulus or 
the f. (stolidity) of Cassius, providebam 
mihi nec Lepidi somnum, nec Cassii 
adipem esse pertimescendam, Cic. Cat. 3, 
7,16. 2, sebum or sévum (a 





FAT 


kind of fat; suet): the f. of horned 
animals is sebum, that of hornless ones 
adeps, cornigera sebo pinguescunt, non 
cornigera, adipe, Plin. 11, 37, 85 : to get 
a boiling of f. (tallow) out of (fig.), s. 
excoquere, Fi. 3. pingue, is, n. (of 
a more fleshy kind than adeps or se- 
vum): they take all possible care to 
swell (the stallions) with firm Jf. We. 
not loose or jlabby), omnes ra sor 
curas denso distendere pingul, Virg. G. 
3, 124: f. of bulls, lions, and panthers, 
taurorum, leonum, ac pantherarum pin- 
guia, Plin. 4. pinguitiido, pingueédo, 
Ynis, f. (—preced. rare): in most ant- 
mals the f. is without feeling, plerisque 
animalium est pinguitudo sine sensu, 
Plin. 11, 37,85: Vv. FATNESS. §, arvina 
(a rare word): they smear their bright 
arrows with f. (grease), spicula lucida 
tergent a. pingui, Virg. Aen. 7, 627. 

6. laridum or lardum: v, BACON. 
Ab tr.): V. FATTEN. 
fatal: |. Destined: fatalis, e: v. 
FATED. Il. Causing death, mortal, 
destructive : 1, fatalis, e: a f. jave- 
lin, weapon, spear, f. jaculum, telum, 
hasta, Ov.: Virg.: Vv. MORTAL. ne 
exitiabilis ov exitialis, e: v. DESTRUC- 
TIVE, DEADLY. 3, funestus (stronger 
than preced.: laden with death): reserved 
for his f. axe, ad ejus f. securim servati, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 47, 123: a f. night for us, 
nox f. nobis, Cic. Fl. 41, 103. 4, 
fiinebris, e (chiefly poet.: strictly, be- 
longing to funerals), a f. disease, f. 
malum, Plin.: /. war, f. bellum, Hor. 

5, fatifer, ra, trum (poet.): /f. 

bow, sword, f. arcus, ferrum, Virg.: Ov. 
Phr.: an ambassador whose commis- 
sion had proved f. to him, cui legatio 
ipsa morti fuisset, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 3: the 
greedy sea is f. to the sailor, exitio est 
avidum mare nautis, Hor. Od. 1, 28, 18: 
that day shall prove f. to us both, ille 
dies utramque ducet ruinam, Hor. Od. 
2a lyase 

fatalism: no exact word: Phr.: 
you avow yourself a fatalist, avow your 
belief in f., omnia quae fiunt, quaeque 
futura sunt, ex omni aeternitate defi- 
nita dicis esse fataliter; or, dicis omnia 
quae fiunt futurave sunt fato contineri 
(fieri), Cic. Div. 2, 7, 19, 20: vis om- 
nia fato fieri, omnia fatalem necessi- 
tatem habere, Cic. l. c.: a tieatise on f., 
"liber de eorum opinione scriptus qui 
mnnia fato fieri putant [de *fatalismo 
yui dicitur scriptus]. 

fatalist ; v. preced. art. 

fatality : |. Inevitable destiny : 

, fatum: constrained by some 

miserable f. of the commonwealth, fato 
nescio quo misero reipublicae compulsi, 
Cic.: VW. FATE. 9, fatalitas: Cod. 
Zeno. |. Misfortune: Phr.: there 
is some f. about this affair, *nescio quid 
mali (infortunii) videtur secum trahere 
‘afferre) haec res. 1 


fatally : I. By destiny: 
fataliter: you say that all things are f. 


predestined, omnia definita dicis esse f., 


Cic. Div. 2, 7, 19. 2. fato (abl.): to 
happen f., fato fieri, Cic.l.¢.§ 21. II. 
Destructively (q. v.): finesté, perniciose, 
etc. Phr.: f. for yourself, malo cum 
tuo, Pl. more f. to the Flavians, majore 
Flavianorum pernicie, Tac. H. 3, 27. 
fato: |, In philosoph. sense, the 
necessary ecnnexion of cause and effect : 
__ 1, fatum: defined by Cic. thus: fatum 
id appello, quod Graeci eiwappyévny, id 
est, ordinem seriemque causarum, quum 
causa causae nexa rem ex se gignat, Cic. 
Div. 1, 55, 125: Cic. thus describes both 
Jatalism and free-will : quum duae sen- 
tentiae fuissent veterum philosophorum, 
una, eorum qui censerent omnia ita fieri, 
ut id fatum vim necessitatis afferret ; 
altera, eorum quibus videretur, sine ullo 
fato esse animorum motus voluntarios, 
Cic. Fat. 17, 39: if all things happen by 
tf. they happen in accordance with an 
antecedent cause, si omnia fato finnt, 
fiunt causa antecedente, Cic. 1. c. § 4o. 
“  Q, nécessitas, Cic.: v. supr.: more 
fully, fatalis necessitas, Lact.: v. NECES- 
prry. jj, Im looser sense, some vague 















FATHER 


FATIGUED 


upon Plautus, fabulas Plauti nomini ad, 


supernatural power ; fatum (more usual 
sense of the word): the very name of 
f. savours of old-womanish superstition, 
anile sane et plenum superstitionis fati 
nomen ipsum, Cie. Div. 2, 8, 20: if it is 
your f. to recover of this disease, you 
will recover, si f. tibi est ex hoc morbo 
convalescere, .. . convalesces, Cic.: often 
in pl.: the f.s have granted nothing 
greater or better to the world, nihil majus 


meliusve terris fata donavere, Hor. : had | 


not the immortal gods well nigh altered 
the very 7.8, nisi dii immortales prope f. 
ipsa flexissent, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19. ll. 
Calamity, death (q. v-) 1, fatum: J 
am confident some f. overhangs them, 
quibus ego confido impendere f. aliquod, 
Cic.: they buried themselves in their 
tents and bewailed their f., abditi in 
tabernaculis suum f. querebantur, Caes. : 
a day.of destruction and f., exitii ac f. 
dies, Cic.: to meet one’s f., fato fungi, 
Quint.; fato concedere, Plin.; fato obire, 
Tac. @Q, casus, is, m. (any casualty): 
the f. of Saturninus and the Gracchi, 
Saturnini et Gracchorum c., Caes.: as if 
lumenting the f. of their country, quasi 
c. (civitatis) dolens, Sall.: they perished 
one by one f., another by another, alius 
alio c. periit, Suet.: Liv. 3, exitus, 
lis, m. (end): such was the f. of Eumenes, 
Eumenes talem ex. vitae habuit, Nep.: 
but exitus should not be used alone in 
this sense: v. DEATH. Phr.: the con- 
dition and f. of slaves is lowest of all, 
est autem infima conditio et fortuna 
servorum, Cic.: to complain of one’s 
hard f., adversam fortunam conqueri, 
Pac. ap. Cic. (v. FORTUNE, MISFORTUNE) : 
an iron f., sors ferrea, Ov. (v. LOT): 
books of f., libri fatales, Liv.: such 
was the f. of Priam, haec finis Priami 
fatorum; hic exitus illum sorte tulit, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 554: prepared Jor either 
J., in utrumque paratus, Virg. Aen. 2, 
61. IV. The name of certain god- 
desses presiding over destiny: Parca 
(usu. in pl.): hasten on, ye ages so blest, 
said the f.s to their spindles, talia saecla 
suis, dixerunt, currite, fusis Parcae, Virg. 
Ec. 4, 46: Hor. 

fated; fatalis,e: that this year was 
Ff. for the destruction of the city, hunc 
annum esse f. ad interitum urbis, Cic. 
Cat. 3, 4, 9: it is as much f. that you 
should employ a doctor, as that you 
should get well, tam est f. medicum ad- 
hibere quam convalescere, Cic. Fat. 13, 
20: Suet. Phr.: he affirmed that he 
was the third Cornelius who was f. to 
obtain supreme power, confirmavit se 
esse tertiim Cornelium ad quem regnum 
pervenire esset necesse (fatale), Cic. Cat. 
3,4,9: Uf you are f. to die, si tibi fatum 
est mori, Cic.: v. FATE (I.). 

father (subs.): 1, pater, tris: the 
f. of a family, p. familias (old gen.), or 
as one word, Cic.: f. of one’s country, p. 
patriae, Cic.: Juv.: in the time of our f's, 
apud p. nostros, Cic. ‘The epith. is often 
addressed to deities: f. Tiberinus, p. 
Tiberinus, Virg. Instead of the gen., the 
adj. patrius or paternus may often be 
used: v.(phr.). 2, parens, ntis,c.: v. 
PARENT. Fig.: the preserver, f. of the 
city, conservator, parens, istius urbis, 
Cic.: Socrates, f. of philosophy, Socrates 
p. philosophiue, Cic.: f. of the lyre, p. 
lyrae, Hor. §. génitor, doris (poet.): 
the f. of Tantalus, g. Tantali, Hor.: 0 
Romulus, sire, f.,0 Romulus, pater, g.! 
Enn. 4, sator, Oris (engenderer : 
chiefly poet.): f. of men_and gods, ho- 
minum s. atque deorum, Virg.: Phaedr. 
Join; seminator et sator et parens, 
Cic. Div. 2, 34, 86. Phr.: af.’s dispo- 
sition, affection, patrius animus, Liv. 2, 
5, ad fin.; animus paternus, Hor. Od. 
2, 26: the name (reputation) of a f., 
nomen paternum, Cic. pro dom. §8, 14 
(paternus often refers to what is inhe- 
rited, as paterna bona: ¥. PATERNAL): 
the name of f., nomen patrium, Lucr. 1, 
g5 (but nomen patris would be better in 
prose): to take after one’s f., patrisso, 
1, Pl.: f.-land, patria: v. COUNTRY. 

father (v.): i.e. to ascribe to (q. v.): 
addico, xi, ctum, 3: to f. certain plays 

i 








Gell. 3, 3, ad fin.: (* those heretics) whe 
J. d the Gospel and first Epistle (of John) 
upon Cerinthus’’ (Bp. Bull), *qui evan- 
gelium, etc. Cerinthi nomini addixerunt, 
Cerintho tribuerunt: the verb is now 
commonly used with something of a bad 
sense, as now when all are ashamed of 
the scheme, they try to f. it upon me, 
*nunc cujus omnes consilli pudet, me 
ut auctorem incusant, insimulant: don’t 
try to f. that scheme upon me, *ne perge 
me istius consilii reum facere. 

fatherhood: paternitas: Augnst. 
Better expr. by phr.: we believe in 
the f. of God, *credimus Deum paterno 
animo esse in nos praeditum, or patrem 
nobis esse. 

father-in-law: sécer, éri, Cic. 

fatherless: orbus: as long as you 
are alive, my sons will not be f., filli 
mei, te incolumi, orbi non erunt, Cic.: 
f. children, male and female, orbi 
orbaeque, Liv. 3, 3: but orbus is used 
of any kind of bereavement: v. BEREFT, 
ORPHAN. 

fatherlessness : 
PHANHOOD. 

fatherliness: paternus animus: v. 
FATHER (pbr.). 

fatherly ; paiternus: renowned for 
his f. affection, notus animi p., Hor. Od. 
2, 2,6: V. FATHER(phbr.). Phr.: to act 
in af. way, *quod patrem decet, facere ; 
patrem agere ; patrem se pracbere, 

fathom (subs.): ulna, Plin. 

fathom (°.) : Lit.: no exact 
word known: ‘altitudinem maria plum- 
bo (perpendiculo) demisso explorare : 
v. TO souND. |], Fig.: to get to 
the bottom of, to comprehend: there are 
some things which we are unable to f., 
*quasdam res penitus cognoscere atque 
perspicere non datur: v. TO EXPLORE, 
SEARCH OUT. 

fathomless: profundus: v UNFa- 
THOMABLE. 

fatigue (subs.) : 1, faticatio, dnis, 
f.: f. of horsesand men, equs rum atque 
hominum f., Liv.: the limit of bodily 
exercise should be tiredness, falling short 
of f., exercitationis finis esse debet las- 


orbitas: v. OB- 


situdo, quae citra f. est, Cels. As 
défatigatio (stronger than preced.) : 
Caes. :. Cic. : V. EXHAUSTION. 3. las- 


sitido (less strong than either of the 
preced.: v. @XX.): V. WEARINESS. 4. 
vexatio (tossing about: esp. the f. of a@ 
journey): the king with less f. to beasts 
and men returned into Macedonia, rex 
cum minore v. jumentorum hominum- 
que in M. rediit, Liv. 43, 23, init.: Col 
Phr.: able to bear f., patiens laboris, 
Sall. Cat. 5: to bear up under f., laborem 
sustinere, Cic. (v. TO BEAR UP): not to 
mind f., labori haud parcere, Ter. Hec. 
2, I, 29. 
qiteue (w): ], fatigo, défatigo 
(the latter intens.), 1: to f. the limbs, 
membra f.: Lucr.: the soldiers were J.d 
by the great heat, milites Magno aestu 
fatigati sunt, Cues.: the Romans Sd by 
toils and. battles, R. labore proeliisque 
fatigati, Sall.: to be fd by the labours 
of neither mind nor body, nec animi ne- 
que corporis laboribus defatigari, Cic. 
Fig.: tof. any one with entreaties, ali- 
quem precibus f., Hor.: v.70 IMPORTUNE. 
9, lasso, délasso (the latter intens.), 
I: Vv. TO WEARY (OUT). 3, (in pass.) 
laboro, 1: beasts of burden f.d with 
their load, jumenta onere laborantia, 
Quint.: Cic. 4, (also pass.) langueo, 
2: less strong than the preced.: Vv. TO 
Fant. Phr.: to be f.d with toil, labo- 
ribus conteri, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 11: @ ur 
one’s self with toil, laboribus se frangere, 
Cic. Arch. 11, 29: f.d by a journey, de 
via fessus, Cic. Acad. 1, intt. : this walk- 
ing about has f.d me, haec deambulatio 
me ad languorem dedit, Ter. Heaut. 4, 


6, 3- 

fatigued (as adj.): 1, fatigatus, 
dafeticatus (greatly f.): soldiers J. by 
the intense heat, milites magno aestu f,, 
Caes.: fresh men relieve the f., integn 
et recentes defatigatis succedunt, Caes, 
Join: languens ct defatigatus, Cic.: % 

289 


FATNESS 


FAVOUR 


FAVOUR 








TIRED, WEARY. 2. fessus, défessus 
(intens.) : f. with marching and camp 
labour, f. itinere atque opere castrorum, 
Sall.: thoroughly f., defessus, Virg. Aen. 
I, 157: V. EXHAUSTED. ; 
fatness : 1, pinguitudo (pin- 
gueédo, Plin.), inis, f. (denoting either 
the f. of a rich substance, as of the soil, 
or fulness of flesh): a pig will so in- 
crease in f. as not to be able to stand up 
of itself, sus usque adeo pinguitudine 
crescere solet, ut se ipsa stans sustinere 
non possit, Cato in Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 
med.: Plin.: f. of soil, p. soli, Col.: 7. 
of oil, p. oli, Col. 9. dbésitas (only 
of the body): Vv. CORPULENCE. g}, 
saigina (prop. food for fattening): to 
contract f. of body from excessive in- 
dulyence, 8. corporis ex nimia luxuria 
contrahere, Just. 21, 2, I. 
fatten: |], Trans.: tomake fut : 
1, sagino, 1 to f. oxen for sacrifice, 
boves ad sacrificia s., Varr. Phr.: to 
be f.d on the blood of the commonwealth, 
reipublicae sanguine saginari, Cic. Sext. 
36, 78.  Q, farcio, rsi, rtum, 4 (¢0 cram 
peultry): gallmas et anseres f., Cato 
R. R. 89. Phr.: to select hens for 
J.ing, gallinas ad saginam eligere, Plin. 


10, 50, 71. |]. Intraus.: to grow 

fat: pinguesco, crassesco: v. FAT 

(phr.). ; 
fattened, fatted (part.adj.): 1, 


saginatus: see verb. . altilis, e 
(well-fed): f. hens, a. gallinae, Plin. 10, 
50, 71: f. cattle, a. boves, Varr. 3. 
fartilis, e (crammed, as fowls) : f. geese, 
f. anseres, Plin. 10, 22, 27. 

fattener: 1, saginator, oris, m.: 
Tert. 2. (of fowls), fartor, Oris, m.: 
Hor.: Col, Fem. -trix. 

fattening (subs.) : 1, sagina: 
the f. of geese is easy, facilis est anse- 
tum s., Col. 8, 14, extr.: f. of shell-fish, 
cochlearum s., Plin.: the word strictly 
denotes the fattening-meat, but is also 
used for, 2. saginatio, Onis, f. : after 
the process of f. has begun, saginatione 
orsa, Plin. 8, 51,77. 8, furtiira (cram- 
ming of fowls): Varr.: Col. 

fattiness: pinguitido (pinguédo): 
Vv. FATNESS, GREASINESS. 

fatty: pingnis, e: v. FAT (adj.). 
Phr.: all f. substances, *(omnia) quae 
adipis naturam habent. 

fatuity: fatuitas, 
FOLLY. 

fatuous: fatuus, stultus: v. FOOLISH. 

fault: 1, culpa, (the most gen. 
term): that happened move from easi- 
ness than from any other f. of mine, 
magis id facilitate quam ulla alia c. mea 
contigit, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15: he indeed 
is not in f., is quidem non in c. est, 
Ter.: if is not my f., non factum est 
mea culpa, Ter.: the f. is yours, penes 
te c. est, Ter. 92, délictum (a graver 
word): v. OFFENCE. Similarly is used 
the verb: délinquo, liqui, lictum, 3: if 
Tcommit any f.,, si quid deliquero, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 36, extr.: Ter. 3. vitium 
(strictly, a flaw, something unsound, a 
defect): uf there is no f. in the walls 
or roof, si nihil est in parietibus aut 
in tecto vitii, Cic. (v. FLAW): it was 
all the f. of wine and love that I did 
it, vini vitio atque amoris feci, Pl. Aul. 
4, 10, 18: to attribute it to any one 
as a f., vitio alicui vertere, Cic. Fam, 
7, 6: no one is born without f.s, he is 
the best man who is loaded with the 
least ones, vitiis nemo sine nascitur; 
optimus ille est qui minimis urgetur, 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 68. 4, peccitum (usu 
of immorality: v. SIN): to claim and 
grant indulgence from f.s, peccatis ve- 
niam poscentem reddere rursus, Hor. 3. 
I, 3,75: if thereis any f. on my side, 
nostrum quidem si est p., Cic. Att. 4, 
4,7. Similarly the verb pecco, 1: if in 
my folly I commit any f., si quid pec- 
cfro stultus, Hor.: Cie. 5, noxa (gen. 
term, implying a fault amenable to 
law): under the designation of f. every 
offence is included, noxae appellatione 
omne delictum continetur, Gai. Dig. 50, 
16, 238: to be in f., in noxa (al. noxia) 
esse, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 36: Liv.: to catch 

290 


stultitia: v. 








any one in f., aliquem in n. tenere, PI. 
Cas. 2, 8, 71. 6, macitila (a blemish: 
q. v.): we look too much after money in 
old age; we ought to shun this f., nimium 
ad rem in senecta sumus; hanc m. nos 
decet effugere, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 31: it is 
the taint and f. of this age to be envious 
of worth, est hujus seculi labes quaedam 
et m. virtuti invidere, Cic. Bal. 6,15: a 
literary f., velut m. (in oratione nitida), 
Quint. 7, menda, ae, f., and mendum, 
i, m.: Vv. BLEMISH. Phr.: all persons 


Jind f. with old age, omnes senectutem 


accusant, Cic. Sen. 2, 4: to find f. with 
the smallness of their pay, angustias sti- 
pendii incusare, Tac. Ann. 1, 35: therein 
you are not it is true altogether at f., 
but you are so in your dates, in eo non 
tu quidem tota re, sed temporibus errasti, 
Cic. Phil. 9,23: Caesar (is) estranged from 
me without any f. of mine, Caesar a me 
nullo meo merito alienus (est), Cic. Sext. 
17, 39: to have keener eyes for others f.s 
than for our own, magis in aliis cernere 
quam in nobismet ipsis si quid delin- 
quitur, Cic.: when you are purblind for 
your own f.s, why have you such a keen 
eye for those of your friends? quum tua 
pervideas mala lippus inunctis, cur in 
amicorum vitiis tam cernis acutum? 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 25: i seemed to be Tre- 
bonius's f. that they were not masters of 
the town, stetisse per Treb. videbatur 
quominus oppido potirentur, Caes, B. C. 
2, 13: to be at f., as hounds, nullum ves- 
tigium invenire (posse) Cic. Clu. 30, 82; 
vestigiis odorari (non posse), Cic. l. c. 

faultily: 1, mendose, Cic.: Pers : 
V. INCORRECTLY. Q. vitiosé, to draw 
a conclusion f., v. concludere, Cic.: to 
propose laws f., i.e. in an informal 
way, leges v. ferre, Cic.: v. INFORMALLY, 
BADLY. 

faultiness: 1, vitium (v. ravrt): 
all the f. is baked out of the soil, omne 
v. excoquitur agris, Virg. G. 1, 88: per- 
ceiving the f. of the position of the camp, 
animadverso v. castrorum, Caes. B. C. 1, 
81: v.FLAW. Q, vitidsitas (v. vicrlous- 
NESS): diseases and illnesses ave kinds 
of f., Morbi et aegrotationes sunt partes 
vitiositatis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 29. oO: 
pravitas, f. (strictly deformity): f. of 
limbs, p. membrorum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 
29: V. DEFORMITY, VICIOUSNESS. 

faultless : 1, émendatus (free 
from blemishes of any kind): f. man- 
ners (character), e. mores, Cic.: to be 
designated wise and f., sapiens e.que 
vocari, Hor. : f. Latin style, e. et Latina 
locutio, Cic. 2. intéger, gra, grum 
(unpolluted, without stain): there was 
not a more f. or irreproachable man in 
the state than he, illo nemo neque in- 
tegrior in civitate erat neque sanctior, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229° the man of f. life, 
integer vitae, Hor. Od. 1, 22, 1 (poet. 
constr.): V. BLAMELESS, IRREPROACH- 
ABLE. 3. perfectus: virtue f. and 
complete, p. et cumulata virtus, Cic.: v. 
PERFECT. Phr.: af. and irreproach- 
able life, vita vitio carens et sine labe 
peracta, Ov. Pont. 2, 7, 49: no one comes 
into the world f., nemo sine vitiis nas- 
citur, Hor. S. 1, 3, 68: do you think you 
can find a single woman that is fault- 
less ?—of course the men are f., censen’te 
posse reperire ullam mulierem quae 
careat culpa?—an quia non delinquunt 
viri, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 41: f. style, pura 
oratio, Ter. prol. Heaut. 46: Cic.: sermo 
quam purissimus, Quint. 4, 2, 118. 

faulty : 1, mendosus (full of or 
having defects, blemishes) : f. manners, 
m. mores, Ov.: a f. copy of a will, 
m. exemplar testamenti, Plin. Ep. fo, 
23 (75): acharacter f. in a few respects 
but in the main good, vitiis paucis men- 
dosa natura, alioqui recta, Hor. 8. 1, 6, 
66. 2. vitidsus (with flaws; un- 
sound): a most f. orator, orator vitio- 
sissimus, Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 103: @ consul 
created by a f. process, v. consul, Cic. : 
Vv. INFORMAL. 

favour (subs.) : |. Subjective; a 
Feeling entertained. 1, favor, Oris, m.: 
Jugurtha got into the good will and f. 
of the nobility, in gratiam et f. (stronger 











than gratiam alone) nobilitatis Sugur- 
tha venit, Sall.: the f. of the plebs, 
plebis f., Liv.: 7. of the people, f. po- 
puli, Cic.: v. POPULARITY. Q. gratia 
(favor denotes especially the good-will 
of a party or nation; gratia as well that 
of individual persons): Roscius prosper- 
ous in the f. of the most illustrious men, 
Roscius gratia florens hominum nobi- 
lissimorum, Cic.: to be in credit and f. 
with any one, cum aliquo in laude et 
in gr. esse, Cic. : to restore any one to f., 
aliquem in gr. restituere, Cic.: to get 
into any one’s f., gratiam inire cum ali- 
quo, Ter.: to do so by deception, fi.lsam 
gr. cum aliqno in., Ter.: to gain the f. 
of the whole province, a provincia tota gr. 
inire, Cic.: simly, ad (apud) plebem gr. 
inire, Liv.: apud bonos gr. consequi, Cic. : 
Pompeii gr. mihi conciliare, Cic.: to court 
Caesan’s f., Caesaris gr. sequi, Caes.: te 
be in f. with, gratia florere alicujus, cum: 
aliquo in gratia esse, Cic.: to lose f. ana 
become unpopular, ex magna g. et favore 
in invidiam venire, Sall.: to recover any- 
body’s f., in gratiam cum aliquo (or apud 
aliquem) redire, Cic. ; in gratiam restitui, 
Cic. 3. stiidium (@ warm feeling of 
interest or partisanship): made consul 
by the f. of influential men, hominum 
potentium studio consul factus, Cic. 
Join: studium et favor: as, what /. 
attended Panurgus on the stage, quod 
studium et quem favorem secum in 
scenam attulit P.! Cic. R. Com. ro, 29. 
4, voluntas, bénévélentia: v. Goop- 
WILL. Phr.: to be very desirous of any 
one’s f., apud aliquem ambitiosum esse, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2: he trusts through this 
my letter of introduction to obtain your 
J., contidit his meis literis se apud te 
gratiusum fore, Cic. Fam. 1, 3: by your 
JF. I would say, bona hoc tua venia dixe- 
rim, Cic. Div. 1, 15, 253 so pace tua 
dixerim, Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 12 (Vv. LEAVE, 
subs.): to speak in f. of any one, pr: 
aliquo dicere, Ter. (Vv. BEHALF OF, ON): 
may all the gods shew you f., tibi di 
bene faciant omnes! Pl. Pers. 4, 3, 18: 
to be in /. of any one, esse ab aliquo, 
Cic.: to speak in f. of falsehood against 
truth, a mendacio contra verum stare, 
Cic.: so also, ab aliquo facere, cum aliquo 
facere, Cic. (v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. 
v. ab, LV.): he reports to the people that 
the pontiffs had decided in his f., nun- 
tiat populo pontifices secundum se de- 
crevisse, Cic. Att. 4, 2,2: the unpopu- 
larity of Pompey caused the triumph of 
Metellus to be received with f., Metelli 
triumphum Pompeii invidia fecit favor- 
abilem, Vell.: @ speech received with f., 
favorabilis oratio, Tac.: the f. of the 
Sickle mob, ventosae plebis suffragia, Hor. 
Ep. I, 19, 37: the breath of popular f., 
popularis aura, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 20: (a de- 
livery) which has inits f. a flexible voice, 
cui suffragatur vox facilis, Quint. 11, 3, 4o. 
(I. Objective : a favour done:  , 
gratia (gen. term): to seek af. from any 
one, g. ab aliquo petere, Pl.: to request as 
af., beneficii loco et gratiae petere, Cic. : 
we see that their city has been destroyed, 
as af. to whom Hannibal destroyed Sa- 
guntum, deletam videmus urbem eorum, 
quorum in gratiam Saguntum Hannibal 
deleverat, Liv. 28, 39, med. 2. béné- 
ficium (esp. of the conferring of public 
offices, or military promotion): we have 
attained to this rank by the f. of the 
Roman people, P. R. beneficio in hune 
ordinem venimus, Cic.: the f.s of offices 
conferred by dictators and consuls, dic- 
tatornm et coss. beneficia, Liv. 9, 30, 
med.: in gen. sense, to confer a f. upon 
any one, b. apud aliquem collocare, con- 
ferre, Cic.: Caesar recounted his f.s to- 
wards Ariovistus, Caesar sua b. in Ario- 
vistum commemoravit, Caes.: safe by 
your f., b. tuo salvus, Cic.: by the f. of 
the immortal gods, beneficio deorum im- 
mortalium, Caes.: by the f. of the lots, 
sortium beneficio, Cic. 3, munus, éris, 
n. (bounty, present): nor does he mag- 
nify a f. if he should happen to do one, 
but even disparages it, neque vero verbis 
auget m_, si quo forte fungitur, sed etiam 
extenuat, Cic.: it is all owing to your f. 


FAVOUR 


totum hoc muneris tui est, Hor. Od. 4, 3, 
21. 4, vénia: my son, do me this f., 
take her baci, mi gnate da v. hane mihi, 
reduc illam! ‘er.: / beg this last J. of 
you, have pity on my sister, extremam 
hanc oro v., miserere sororis! Virg. Aen. 
4 435 (but venia denotes a favour of 
tndulgence or clemency, not like gratia, 
one rendered out of simple good-will): 
Vv. INDULGENCE. Phr.: you will do us 
all a f. if you will vxplain to us what 
you think abvut a commonu ealth, feceris, 
si de republic:a quae sentias explicaris, 
nobis gratum omnibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 21: 
you can dome mw greater f., hoc mibi 
gratius faeere non potes, Cic. Fam. 13, 
44: sotodoa very great f., gratissimum, 
pergratum facere, Cic.: the opportunity 
of showing f to the good, potestas bonis 
fratificandi, Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 39: see also 
under gratia (11.). 
favour (v.): 1, faveo, favi, fautum, 
2 (with dat.): those uho loved the one, 
fd the other, qui diligebant hune, illi 
favebant, Cic. R. Com. 10, 29: to./. (and 
seek to promote) one’s preferment and 
dignity, honori et dignitati f., Caes. B. C. 
1, (7: if genial rales f.s, si favet alma 
. Ov. 2. sécundo, 1 (with acc. of 
direct object: chiefly pvet.): now the 
yale f.s the sailors’ voyage, jam nautis 
anra s, iter, Prop.: vind fing, vento 
secundante, ‘I'ac.: may the gods f. our 
undertaking, di nostra incepia secun- 
dent! Virg. 8, stiideo, ui, 2 (with 
dat.: to be devoted to, side with): to f. 
the cause of a worthless and unprinci- 
pled fellow, homini nequam atque im- 
probo s., Cic. Coel. 4, 10: neither to f. 
nor to hate, neque s. neque odisse, Sall. 
Cat. 51, med. 4, suffragor, 1 (with 
dat.: properly t# support in an elec- 
tion): Hortensius f.s you, opposes me, 
tibi H. suffragatur, me oppugnat, Cic. : 
Sortune f.ing, you seem to have accom- 
plished great things, fortuna suffragante 
videris magna consecutus, Cic. Fam. ro, 
5. 5, ab aliquo esse, stare, facere : 
v. preced. art. (1. fin) Phr.: will you 
J. me by doing, gratum, pergratum fe- 
ceris, si..., Cic. (v. preced. art., 11. 
Jin.): fortune fs the brave, fortuna fortes 
adjuvat, Liv. 34, 37: J have always, you 
know, been given to f. nobility, semper, 
ut scitis, studiosus nobilitatis fui, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 40, 125: the people of Dyrra- 
chium f. my cause, studiosos mei habeo 
Dyrrachinos, Cic. Att. 3, 22: if you will 
J. me by listening, si ad auscultandum 
vestra erit benignitas, Pl.: will you f. 
me by looking after him, amabo te, huic 
caveas, Pl.: the word amabo (te) is in- 
troduced parenthetically, and is less 
formal than the English: v. PLEASE. 
favourable : 1. prospérus: v. 
PROSPEROUS. 2. sécundus (of winds, 
circumstances, etc.) : he arrived in port 
with a f. wind, in portum vento s. 
venit, Pl. : he met with a f. wind and tide 
at the same time, et ventum et aestum 
uno tempore nactus est secundum, 
Caes.: f. auspices, s. auspicia, Cic. the 
gods being present and f., praesentibus 
ac secundis diis, Liv. 3, commddus 
(convenient, advantageous) : hoping that 
during the voyage all things would be 
more f. to the cure, sperans omnia in 
Navigatione fore curationi commodiora, 
Liv.: he understood that the affairs of 
the city had reached a more f. state, 
urbanas res commodiorem in statum 
pervenisse intelligebat, Cic.: v. ADV AN- 
TAGEOUS. 4, aequus (not frequent in 
this sense): the nobility was hostile, 
the senate not f., nobilitas inimica fuit, 
nou aeq. senatus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, med. 
(so with dat., or in and ace. or abl. [abl. 
poet.]): the soldiers were drawn up at 
a f. time and place, milites et tem- 
pore et loco aeq. instructi sunt, Liv. 
26, 3. 5. iddneus (suituble) : f. wea- 
ther for sailing, id. tempestas ad navi- 
gandum, Caes.: v. SUITABLE. 6, pro- 
pitius: exp. of the gods: v. PROPITIOUS 
7. amicus: v. FRIENDLY. Ke 
pronus (lit. down-hill: chiefly in late 
writers): a more f. fortune, pronior 
fortuna, Vell.: a cohort more f. to Dola- 


| 





FAVOURITE 


bella, cohors Dolabellae pronior, Suet. : 
Tac. Phr.: to be f. to, favere (v. TO 
FAVOUR): A/phenus had the peuple un- 
doubtedly f. to him, Alphenus utebarur 
populo sane suo, Cic. Quint. 7, 29: to put 
the more f. constructum upon a thing, 
aliquid in mitiorem partem iterpretari, 
Cic. Mur. 31, 64; benienius interpretari 
(legally), Paul. Dig. 50, 17, 155: every- 
thing was reported to the general in a 
more f. light, cuncia ad imperatorem in 
mollius relata, Tac. Ann. 14, 39: the 
embassy nouhere received a more f. 
hearing, nusquam benigniora verba tul- 
ere legati, cf. Liv. 21. 19, fin.: the 
Volscians gave him a f. reception, ve- 
nientem Volsci benigne eacepere, Liv. 
2, 35: handsumeness of person produces 
a f. impression at first sight, pulcri- 
tudo corporis movet oculos et delectat, 
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 98: the opinion of the 
senate was f. to peace and to the con- 
clusion of a treaty with Pyrrhus, sen- 
tentia senatus inclinabat ad pacem et 
psa faciendum cum Pyrrho, Cic, Sen. 
, 16. 

favourably : 1, bénigné (with 
favour): to hear f., b. audire, Liv.: to 
receive f., b. excipere, Liv.: v. FAVOUR- 
ABLE (fin.). 2, prospéré: v. PROS- 
PEROUSLY. Phr.: to be f. disposed 
tou ards any one, bono esse in aliquem 
animo, Caes. B. G.1, 6: he was f. dis- 
posed and wished well to the Helvetii on 
account of that alliance, favere et cu- 


pere Helvetiis propter eam affinitatem, | 


Caes. B. G. 1,18: their feelings were f. 
inclined towards the royal house, in 
stirpem regiam inclinavere studiis, Curt. 
10, 7, med.: Vv. TO INCLINE. 

favoured (adj.): 1, gratidsus 
(enjoying the favour of others): the 


colony of Berytus, f. by the bounty of | 


Augustus, Berytensis colonia, Augusti 
beneficiis gratiosa, Ulp. Dig. 50, 15, 1. 
2. gratus: v. FAVOURITE. Phr.: 
O highly f. husbandmen, knew they but 
their happiness, O fortunatos nimium, 
sua si bona norint, agricolas! Virg. : 
and no more f. youth flung his arms 
round thy fair neck, nec quisquam 
potior brachia candidae cervici juvenis 
dabat, Hor. Od. 3, 9, 2: f. of the gods, 
hon sine dis, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 203 cui 
deorum munere aliquid datum est, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 16, 3. 
favourer : fautor (favitor, archaice), 
Oris, m.; and fautrix, icis, f.: Sall.: 
Hor. : may often be expressed by faveo 
or its synonyms: v. TO FAVOUR. 
favourite (subs. and adj.) : ake 
acceptus (acceptable to): a very f. slave, 
Servus acceptissimus, Pl.: he was by 
far the greatest f. with the soldiers, 
longe ante alios (erat) acceptissimus 
militum animis, Liv.: one who was such 
a f. with his countrymen, homo tam ac. 
popularibus, Sall. Q, gratus (the most 
gen. term): he was, houever, a greater f. 
with the multitude than with the Fathers, 
multitudini tamen gratior fuit quam 
Patribus, Liv.: while I was thy f., donec 
gr. eram tibi, Hor.: ivy is the f. plant 
of Bacchus hedera est gratissima Baccho, 
Ov.: Goddess who rulest thy f. Antium, 
diva gratum quae regis Antium, Hor. 
3. carus, dilectus: v. DEAR, BE- 
LOVED. 4, gratiOsus (esp. of the 
great): a freedwoman who was a f. at 
court, liberta aulica gr., Suet. Otho 2 
V. INFLUENTIAL, FAVOURED, POPULAR. 
5, déliciae, arum, f. (a pet, a 
darling: only in pl.): your pet und 
prime f. Roscius, amores ac deliciae 
tuae, Roscius, Cic Div. 1, 36, 79: the 
J. of the human race, amor ac d. ge- 
neris humani, Suet. Tit. 1: an ape 
which was a f. of the king of the Mo- 
lossians, simia quam rex Molossorum 
in deliciis habebat, Cic. Div. 1, 34, 
76: v. DARLING. Phr.: to be a f. 
with one, alicujus gratia florere, etc.: v 
FAVOUR ‘1.): some there are whose f. 
pursuit it ts ...., sunt quos juvat...., 
Hor.: not only is Fortune herself blind, 
but she for the most part makes her fs 
blind too, non solum ipsa Fortuna caeca 
est, sed eos plerumque caecos efficit 


FEAR 


| quos complexa est, Cic. Am. 15,54: fi 
of Fortune, Fortunae filius, Hor. S. 2, 
, 49. For a favourite of a sovereign, 
Suet. uses familiaris: he as af. with 
Caius on account of his fondness for 
charioteering, with Claudius on account 
of his fondness for gambling, Calo per 
aurigandi, Claudio per aleae studium f. 
erat, Suet. Vit. 4: to be the chief f. at 
court, aula potiri, Tac. (v. courT). 
favouritism : 1, ambitio, Onis, 
J. (courting the favour of some person) : 
the f. of a writer you can easily coun- 
teract, ambitionem scriptoris facile ad- 
verseris, ‘l’ac. H. 1, &: V. PARTIALITY. 
2, gratia (the most gen. term); 
they were altoyether devoted to persons, 
not to causes, whilst f. had with them 
the force of justice, hominum non cau- 
sarum toti erant, ut apud quos gratia 
vim aequi baberet, Liv. 3, 36, ad fin. : 
cf. Cic. Rull. 2, 3, 7: v. FAVOUR. 3. 
stidium (any warmly interested feel- 
ing): not to be influenced by f. in the 
choice of centurions, non studiis pri- 
vatis centuriones adscire, Tac. Agr. 19: 
without offence or f., sine ira atque 
studio, Tac. A. 1, I, extr.: v. FAVOUR 
(1., 3), PARTIALITY. 
fawn (suvbs.): hinnileus: Hor, 
fawn (v.): |. To f. as a dog upon 
his master: adulo, or better Adulor, 1 
(with acc.): very gentle hounds /. even 
on the thief, canes mitissimi etiam furem 
adulant(ur), Col.: Lucr. {]. Fig.: 
To flatter (q. v.): Adiilo. -or (with ace. 
and later dat.): let us not suffer our- 
| selves to be fd upon, nec nos adulari 
sinamus, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91: the consuls 
J.d upm the commonalty, coss. plebi 
adulati sunt, Liv. 3, 69, med. 
fawning (part. and adj.) : blandus: 
to distinguish the f. friend from the 
true, b. amicum a vero secernere, Cic. : 
V. FLATTERING. Phr.: f. tricks, blandi- 
tiae, blandimenta: v. CAREsS (subs.). 
fawning (subs.): lit. and fig.: 
| Adulatio: v. FLATTERY. 
fawningly: |], Lit.: expr. by 
participle of adilor: the lion then f. 
wagged his tail like a dog (at Andro- 
cles), tum caudam (lev) more atque 
ritu adulantium canum movet, Gell. 5, 
14, med. ; where adulans or dum adu- 
latur might have been used. Il. 
Fig.: blandé, adulatorié: v. FLATTER- 
INGLY. 
fealty; v. FIDELITY, FAITH. Phr.: 
to swear f. to one, in nomen alicujus 
jurare, Suet.: so in verba Philippi 
jurare, Liv.: he imposed an oath of f. 
to himself and Pompey upon the whole 
province, provinciam omnem in sua et 
Pompeii verba jusjurandum adegit, 
Caes.: they acknowledged f. to the R 
people, dixerunt se suaque omnia in 
fidem atque potestatem P. R. permit- 
tere, Caes. The oath of fealty to a me- 
diaeval lord was called juramentum 
fidelitatis (Blackstone): v. ALLEGIANCE. 
fear (subs.): 1, métus, is (in gen. 
sense, the apprehension of Juture evil): 
J. is the anxious expectation of /uture 
unhappiness, est m. futurae aegritudinis 
solliciia expectatio, Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 
52: to be in f., in m. esse, Cic.: to be 
inspired with f., metum capere, Liv. ; 
accipere, Ter.; concipere, Ov.: to in- 
Spire any one with f., m. alicui injicere, 
Caes. ; incutere, afferre, offerre, Cic. ; 
inferre, Liv. ; facere, Ov. to :elieve any 
one’s f.,m. alicui adimere, Ter.; dejic- 
ere, depellere, levare, Cic.. aliquem 
metu exonerare, Liv.: J relieve you 
Jrom all f. on my account, omni te 
de me metu libero, Cic.: / will pre- 
sently relieve you of all fear, ademiom 
tibi jam faxo m. omnem, Ter.: to be 
breathless with f., metu exanimari, Clic. : 
lest f. should seize upon the rest, ne reli- 
quos metus invaderet, Salil. 9. timor, 
Oris, m. (esp. the f. of timidity: Cicero 
classes it as a variety of metus, lusc. 
4, 8, 19: the two words rnn very much 
into each other): f. of death, miortis t. 
Lucr.: f. of a serious war, belli magni 
t., Cic.: f. stops utterance, t. praepedit 
dicta linguae, Pl.: J am in great f, 
291 





FEAR 


FEASIBLE 


FEATHER 


ee eee ee eee —— Ee 


magno t. sum, Cic.: the curcuwmstance 
which causes me f., res quae mihi facit 
t., Cic.: the state was in f. that the hos- 
tages were meditating these designs, in t. 
civitas fuit, cbsides ea moliri, Liv.: to 
be inspired with f.: the same verbs can 
be used as with metus (v. supr.); so to 
inspire with f. (v. supr.): f. seizes upon 
all the army, timor omnem exercitum 
occupat, Caes.: so, t. patres incessit, 
Liv.: incedo is also followed by a dat. : 
women, upon whom had fallen an un- 
wonted f. of war, mulieres, quibus belli 
t. insolitus incesserat, Sall.- to lay aside 
one’s f., t. abjicere, omittere, Cic.; t. 
deponere, Ov.: to be seized with ifs 
timore affici, Cic. Phr.: to have one's 
fs about something, vereri de aliqua re, 
Cic:. see also ALARM, DREAD, PANIC. 
3, formido, inis, 7. (defined by Cic. 
as metus permanens, Tusc. 4, 8, 19): V- 
DREAD. 4, paivor (metus mentem 
loco movens, Cic. 1. c.): Vv. PANIC, 
ALARM. N.B.—The most common adjec- 
tives with metus or timor, are such as 
magnus, ingens, tantus, quantus: thus, 
to inspire any one with lively, serious, 
keen, f., alicui magnum (ingentem) me- 
tum (timorem) injicere, etc. 
fear (v.): 1, métuo, i, 3: they 
Ff. the gods, metuunt deos, Ter. : they 
ought to f. punishment from you, sup- 
plicia a vobis m. debent, Cic.: with ne 
or ut and subjunctive (L. G. § 460): 
I f/d that you had gone away, metu- 
ebam ne abiisses, Pl.: J f. that I shall 
not be able to recover the ornaments 
which I have lent, ornamenta quae 
locavi metuo ut possim recipere, PI. 
(N.B.—Metuo te is I fear you; metuo 
tibi, I am alarmed on your behalf.) 
9, timeo, ui, 2 (for the distinction 
between metuo and timeo see subs.): I 
f. the Greeks, even with gifts in their 
hands, timeo Danaos et dona ferentes, 
Virg.: to f. the wrath of a divinity, 
iram numinis t., Ov.: to reverence and 
f. the immortal gods, vereri et t. deos 
immortales, Liv.: the ship is safe; f. 
not, salva est navis; ne time! Pl: I 
f. that you will not bear up, timeo ut 
sustineas, Cic.: I f.’d for you, tibi 
timui, Ter.: to f. for the city, urbi t., 
Hor. 8. véreor, itus, 2: (a). of the 
fear of reverence: to f. the censure of 
the learned and wise, reprehensionem 
doctorum et prudentium v., Cic.: his 
slaves stood in awe of him; his children 
fd him, metuebant eum servi; vere- 
bantur liberi, Cic.: to f. the immortal 
gods, deos immortales v., Liv. : v. TO RE- 
VERENCE, RESPECT. (0). of simple fear 
or apprehension = metuo or timeo: they 
said they did not f. the enemy, but the 
defiles of the road, and the extent of the 
woods, dicebant non se hostes v., sed 
angustias itineris et magnitudinem sil- 
varum, Caes.: to f. poverty, pauperiem 
v., Hor.: to f. punishment, supplicia v., 
Hor. : I f. Gallic wars, vereor Gallica 
bella, Cic.: tof. to kill any one, aliquem 
interficere v., Caes.: I f. to say, vereor 
dicere, Ter.: he f.’d the less for the 
ships, eo minus veritus est navibus, 
Caes.: I shall never cease fing about 
Carthage till I learn that she is rased 
to the ground, non desinam v. de Car- 
thagine donec penitus excisam cogno- 
vero, Cic.: he f.’d that he might hurt 
the feelings of Divitiacus by the punish- 
ment of his brother, ne fratris supplicio 
Divitiaci animum offenderet verebatur, 
Caes.: Lf., Crassus, that I cannot grant 
you those two propositions, illa duo, 
Grasse, vereor ut tibi possim concedere, 
Cic.: L always f’d what would be the 
upshot of my master’s lenity, heri semper 
lenitas verebar quorsum evaderet, Ter. 
4, extimesco, pertimesco, timui, 3 
(only in act. and gerundive: to f. 
greatly) :. famine was greatly to be afd; 
fames erat pertimescenda, Caes.: he 
greatly fd that he had committed some 
offence, ne quid pecca-set pertimescebat, 
Cic . there is no reason why you should 
greatly f. my arrival, nibil est quod 
adventum nostrum extimescas, Cic. : 
casualties greatly to be f.’d, casus exti- 
292 


mescendi, Caes.: V. TO DREAD. 


ans, multa adversa reverens, Cic. 


métuens (apprehensive of : with 





5. 


révéreor, Itus, 2 (Vv. TO REVERENCE): to 


f. suspicion, suspicionem r., Cic.: to f. 


rivalry, simnitatem r., Pl.: hesilat- 


ing, casting timid glances around, f.ing 


many obstacles, dubitans, circumspect- 


6. 
subyéreor (to be half afraid): I some- 
times f. a little that you may choose to 


defer your departure, subvereor in- 


terdum ne te delectet tarda decessio, Cic. 
fearful: |. Feeling fear: 1, 
gen.): 
content with little, and f. of the future, 
contentus parvo metuensque futuri, 
Hor. : f. of the rod, m. virgae, Juv.: the 
consuls, temperate men, and f. of (break- 
ing) the las, coss. modesti legumque 
m., Cic.: Nero, more f. for the future, 
surrounded himself with soldiers, N., 
metuentior in posterum, milites sibi 
circumdedit, Tac. 2. timidus (ha- 
bitually): the unwarlike and the 7., 
imbelles t.que, Cic.: not f. of death, non 
t. ad mortem, Cic.: f. hope, t. spes, Ov. : 
rarely with gen.: f. of the storm, t. pro- 
cellae, Hor.: v. TIMID. 3. pividus 
(very f.): V. AFRAID, ALARMED, PANIC- 
STRUCK. ||. Causing fear : 1, fe- 
ralis, e: the f. formulary (of devotion), 
f. carmen, Liv.: f. carnage, f. caedes, 
Ov. Q, dirus: v. DREADFUL, TERRIBLE. 
fearfully : |. As one fearing: 
timidé: v. TIMIDLY. I]. So as to 
cause fear : horrendum (poet.): “a cliff 
looks f. on the deep” (Shaks.), *imminet 
horrendum scopulus ponto: the f. hiss- 
ing monster of Lerna, bellua Lernae 
horrendum stridens, Virg. Aen. 6, 288: 

V. DREADFULLY, TERRIBLY. 
fearfulness : |. The habit of 
mind: timiditas, Cic.: v. TIMIDITY. 
|]. Of that which causes fear : expr. 


by phrase: to shudder at the f. of the 


sight, *rem adeo timendam horrere; 
conspectu horrere: v. FEARFUL. 
fearless: 1, impavidus (not in 


Cic., and mostly poet.): f. the babes 


licked their mother, lambere matrem 
imp. pueri, Enn.: jf. hearts, imp. pec- 
tora, Liv. 21, 30: Hor. 9. intrépidus 
(resolute, calmly undaunted : late): f. to 
threats, incorruptible to flattery, minan- 
tibus intr., adversus blandientes incor- 
ruptus, Tac. H. 1, 35, extr.: with f. 


countenance, intrepidus vultum, Lucan. 


Join: tranquillus, intrepidus, immo- 
bilis, Gell. 19, 12, fin. 3, fidens, ntis 
(full of confidence and resolution) : f. of 
soul, f. animi, Virg. Aen. 2, 61: he will 
march with f. soul to death, fidenti 
animo gradietur ad mortem, Cic. Tusc. 
1, 46, 110. 4. séciirus (free from 
apprehension of any kind): the f. na- 
tions enjoyed luxurious ease, mollia 
securae peragebant otia gentes, Ov. 
Met. 1, 100. Phr.: to be f., sine metu 
(timore) esse, metu vacare, Cic.: vY. 
FEAR. 
fearlessly: 1. impavide (wndaunt- 
edly): f. draining the cup (Philopoe- 
men), imp. exhausto poculo, Liv.: may 
often be expr. by adj. (see L. G. § 343): 
he f. snaps the weapon asunder, impa- 
vidus frangit telum, Virg. Aen. 12, 8. 
2. intrépidé (without agitation or 
confusion): he (Corvinus) advances f. 
and modestly to meet him, progreditur 
intr. et modeste obviam, Gell.: so with 
the adj.: they retreated gradually and 
f., sensim et intrepidi se receperunt, 
Curt. 8, 12, ad fin. 3, fidenter (with 
resolution): to act f., f. agere, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 8, 24: opp. to timide, Cic. Div. 
2a st, OF 4, fidenti animo: Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 46, IIo. 5, audacter: v. 
BOLDLY. 
fearlessness : 1, fidentia: f., 
i.e., unshaken confidence of soul, f., id 
est, firma animi confisio, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
37, 80. 2, audentia: v. BOLDNESS, 
COURAGE. 
feasible no exact words: expr. 
feasibility Ub efficio, perficio, 
feasibleness |! etc.: it is your mat- 
ter to see what is f. for you, quid efficere 
possis, tui consilii est, Cic Fam, 3, 2: 
I doubt the feasibility of your plans, 










*dubito num consilia tua perfici pos- 
sint: v. TO CARRY OUT, PERFORM. 

feast (subs.): 1, convivium: our 
ancestors did well in calling a f. of 
friends convivium, bene majores nostri 
accubitionem epularem amicorum c¢, no- 
minarunt, Cic. Sen. 13, 45 : V. BANQUET. 

Q. daps, dapis, f. (chiefly poet. and 

used of religious feasts): give a f.in 
honour of Jove, redde Jovi dapem, Hor. 
Od. 2,7, 17° solemn f.s, sollemnes d., 
Virg. Aen. 3, 301: a Salian f., Saliares 
d., Hor. Od. 1,37, 4. 93, épiilae, arum; 
épulum, i (the latter form, only of re- 
ligious feasts): Vv. BANQUET. 4, dies 
festus : V. FESTIVAL. Phr.: tobe cooking 
for a wedding f., coquere ad nnptias, 
Pl. Aul. 3, 2, 15: to give a birth-day 
f. natalicia dare, Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15: to 
entertain any one with a handsome f., 
aliquem benigne accipere; lepide et 
lepidis victibus accipere, Pl. (v. TO EN- 
TERTAIN): ye nights and f.s worthy of 
gods, O noctes coenaeque deum! Hor. S. 
2, 6, 65: these things are to me a f. of 
delight, his ego rebus pascor, his de- 
lector, his fruor! Cic. in Pis. 20, 45: 
what a f. have I had in your letter, 
*quantam voluptatem ex literis tuis 
percepi ! (Vv. PLEASURE). 

feast (v.): A. Trans.: Phr.: 
tof. any one handsomely, aliquem splen- 
dide, laute, lepide, accipere, Pl.: v. To 
ENTERTAIN. Fig.: tof. one’s eyes onany 
one’s tortures, alicujus cruciatu pascere 
oculos, Cie. Verr. 5, 26,65: he f.s his soul 
on the unsubsta.rtiai picture, animum 
pictura pascit inani, Viry. Aen. 1, 464: 
to be fd with the blood of the common- 
wealth, reipublicae sanguine saginari, 
Cic. Sext. 36, 78: he controlled the mul- 
titude, not by authority, but by fang 
them, multitudinem non auctoritate sed 
sagina tenebar, Cic. Fl. 7, 17: v. TO 
FATTEN. B, Intrans.: 1, épulor, 
1: he fd after the manner of the Per- 
sians, epulabatur more Persarum, Nep. : 
to f. in Salian fashion, i. e., right 
jovially, in Saliarem modum ep., Cic. 
Att. 5, 9, init. Q2. cenvivor, 1: to f. 
at the public expense, de publico conv., 
Cic. Verr. 3, 44, 105: to f. frequently 
and amply, cony. frequenter et large, 
Suet. 3, pascor, pastus, 3: esp. in 
fig. sense: here I am f.ing on the library 
of Faustus, ego hic pascor bibliotheca 
Fausti, Cic. Att. 4, 10: ef. preced. art. 
fin. Phr.: I have f’d my full of 
hatred, and have done, odiis exsaturata 
quievi, Virg. Aen. 7, 298. 

feat: 1. facinus, dris, n.: a f. of 
arms, (militare) f., Sall. Cat. 7: the two 
sons of Atreus have the fame of achiev- 
ing a great f., Atridae duo fratres cluent 
fecisse f. maximum, Pl. Bacch. 4, 8, 1: 
a great and memorable f. (of a daring 
voyage), magnum ac memorabile f., Tac. 
Agr. 28. (Facinus denotes any bold, 
daring action; more freq. a bad one.) 

9. factum: with some qualifying adj., 
as praeclarum, egregium: v. ACHIEVE- 
MENT. 3, (in pl.): res gestae: the f.s 
of arms achieved by kings and chiefs, 
res gestae regumque ducumque, Hor. : 
Cic.: v. ACHIEVEMENT. Phr.: great f.s 
were achieved in those times by the 
bravest of men, magnae res temporibus 
illis a fortissimis viris gerebantur, Cic. 

feather: 1. penna (pinna, Quint., 
Suet. : strictly, only of the wing-f.s) : f.s 
which had been shed by a peacock, pen- 
hae quae pavoni deciderant, Phaedr. 1, 
3, 5: my wings have no f.s, meae alae 
pennas non habent, Pl. Poen. 4, 2. 49: 
the distinction is not always strictly 
adhered to: of feathers in general: 
birds cherish their young under their 
Fs, that they may not be hurt by the 
cold, aves pullos pennis fovent, ne 
frigore laedantur, Cic. N. D. 2, §2, 129: 
glossiness of f.s, nitor pennarum, Phaedr. 
i 13,.6. 2. plima (of small, soft, 
downy, fs): animals covered with f.s, 
animantes plumis obductae, Cic. N. D. 
2, 47, 12%: variegated f.s, pl. versi- 
colores, Cic.: lighter than a f., pluma 
levior (homo), Pl.: to be more easily 
swayed than a f. or a leaf, pl. aut folio 








FEATHERED 





facilius moveri, Cic. Att. 8, 15: to sleep 
on a f. bed, in pluma dormire, Mart. 12, 
17: to be carried on a /J.-cushioned 
litter, pensilibus plumis vehi, Juv. 1, 
159: both of these last are poetical ex- 
pressions, the full Latin for a f. bed 
being culcita plumea, Cic.; torus (pul- 
Vinus) plumeus, Ov.; torus pluma 
fartus (cf. L.G.§ 590). Phr.: to grow 
J.8, plimesco, 3: Plin. : 

feathered: 1. pliimatus: a raven 
-with f. body, plumato corpore corvus, 
Cic. (poet.): Plin. 2. pliimans, ntis: 
Ff. brood, pulli plumantes, Gell.: v. 
FLEDGED. 3, pennatus (pinn.): such 
of the f. tribe as have curved talons, are 
unprolific, pennatorum infecunda sunt 

uae aduncos habent ungues, Plin.: @ 

+ weapon (arrow), p. ferrum, Plin. : 
Jove's 7. minister, Jovis pennata sutelles, 
Cic. (poet.). 4, plimdsus: f. game, 
p. aucupium, Prop. Phr. : f. creatures, 
animantes plumis obductae, Cic. N. D. 
2, 47, 121 (plumiger and penniger [pinn.] 
are poet. and rare: 7. arrows, penni- 
gerae sagittae, Sil.). 

feathery: 1, plimeus: /. ears, 
pl. aures, Plin. Fig.: f. snows, pl. 
nives, Arnob. 2. plimosus: Fig.: 
JF. leaves, pl. folia, Plin. 

featly ; babiliter: v. NEATLY, CLE- 


VERLY. 
feature: |, Lit.: of the coun- 
tenance : 1, lineamentum: mould of 
Js, conformatio lineamentorum, Cic. 
N. D. 1, 18, 47: to observe a man’s ex- 
pression of face and f.s, habitum oris 
l.que intueri, Liv. 21, 4, ad init.: the 
J.s of the mind are lovelier than those 
of the body, animi L sunt pulcriora quam 
corporis, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75 : the obser- 
vation and study of rhythm furnished 
as it were the last f.s to oratory, notatus 
et cognitus (numerus) quasi... extrema 
1. orationi attulit, Cic. Or. 56,186. 2, 
vultus, is (only of hwman beings): the 
eyes, eye-brows, forehead, in short the 
entire f.8, which are a kind of silent 
language of the mind, oculi, superci- 
lium, frons, totus denique v., qui sermo 
quidam tacitus mentis est, Cic. in Pis. 
init.: they will give f.s life in marble, 
vivos ducent de marmore vultus, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 848: to hold a Proteus as he 
shifts his f.s, tenere vultus mutantem 
Protea, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 90. 3. ductus, 
lis (with depend. gen.: form or outline 
of the f.s): Join: ductus oris, vultus, 
Cie. B55 2, 4: 4, habitus, is 
(with oris: the expression of the fs): 
ef. Liv. 21, 2, fin. {l. Fig.: any 
characteristic property: 1, expr. 
by proprius: this is the one special f. 
of the orator, quod unum est oratoris 
maxime proprium, Cic. Br. 93, 322: 
Vv. PECULIAR. 2. (with the verb to 
be) expr. by gen. case: cf. L. G. § 266: 
it is the f. of a petty mind to love riches, 
est angusti animi amare divitias, Cic. 
8. propriétas (peculiarity: or the 
sum of such, collectively): f.s of soil and 
climate, pruprietas terrae coelique, Liv. 
28,17. 4, (of persons) inddles, ingén- 
ium (the sum total of mental and moral 
Js): these blended f.s, good and bad, 
haec indoles virtutum atque vitiorum, 
Liv. 21, 4, extr. : V. DISPOSITION. 5, 
often a neut. adj. may suffice : there were 
many fine f.s about him, multa in eo 
praeclara erant, Cic.: v. THING. 
febrile: febriciilosus (rare): a f. 
complaint, f. morbus, Gell. Phr.: to 
have a f. attack, in febriculam incidere : 
v. FEVER. 
February: Febrnarius, i, m.: with 
or without mensis, Cic. 
feculence: |. Sediment: faex, 
faecis, f.: (esp. of wine): Vv. DREGS. 
Il. Impure matter of any kind: 
1, faecilentia (late): f. like that of 
@ sewer, f. par cloacali, Sid. 2, coe- 
num, liitum: Vv. DIT, MIRE. 
feculent: 1. faeciilentus (strictly, 
having dregs, full of dregs, Col.): f. 
discharge, f.pus,Cels. 2, immundus: 
Vv. FILTHY. : 
fecund: fecundus, tiber: v. FERTILE, 
FRUITFUL. 


FEEBLENESS 


fecundate: fécundo, 1: v. TO FER- 
TILIZE. 

fecundity; fécunditas: e. g. muli- 
eris, Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58: Col.: v. FRUIT- 
FULNESS. 


federal: 1, foedératus: v. con- 
FEDERATE. 2. expr. by foedus, éris, 


n. (a compact of any kind): to grant a 
Jair f. compact, aequum f. dare, Liv. 
23, 5, med.: f. states, civitates inter se 
societate [amicitia] et f. conjunctae, cf. 
Caes. B. G. 6, 2. 


fee (subs.): |. In legal sense, of 
tenure of land, feudum: v. FIEF, FEU- 
DAL. Il. Payment for hmourable 
service: 1, hénos, Gris, m.: J have 
sent word to Curius that a f. should be 
paid to the physician, Curio misi ut me 
dico h. haberetur, Cic. Fam. 16, 9. AE 
honorarium (late): to pay the decurion’s 
f., decurionatus bh, inferre, Traj. in Plin. 
Ep. 10, 113: v. Gierig ad 1.: 7. of advo- 
cates, h. adyocatorum, Ulp. Dig. 3: 
merces, édis, ‘f. (pay of any kind): 
this was the logicians’ f., haec m. erat 
dialecticoruam, Cic.: Tac.: v. PAY, 
WAGES. 4. stips, stipis, f. (usu. a 
petty gift, alms): (petty) f.s for legal 
assistance, stips advocationum, Quint. 1, 
12, 8. 5, Minerval, lis, n. (for edu- 
cation): Varr. R. R. 3, 2, fin. Phr.: 
that no one should take any f. for plead- 


| ing @ cause, ne quis ob causam oran- 





dam pecuniam donumve capiat, Lex 
Cine. in Cic.: the emperor limited the f.s 
(of advocates) to ten sestertia, princeps 
capiendis pecuniis posuit modum usque 
ad X HS, Tac. Ann. 11, 7: to give some 
J. to a physician, medico aliquid dare, 
Cic.: v. GIFT, PRESENT. 

fee (v.): 1, munéro, minéror, 1: 
it is the way with these gentry to f. the 
maids first, disciplina est iisdem m. 
ancillas primum, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 59: 
Cic.: V. TO PRESENT. 2. honorarium 
inferre, mercedem, etc. dare: vy. preced. 


art. 

feeble: 1, deébilis, e (esp. of 
bodily or mental weakness): the body 
becomes f., d. fit corpus, Lucr.: lame 
and f. (more or less disabled) horses, 
claudi ac d. equi, Liv.: in this part of 
the mind he was f., hac parte animi d. 
erat, Cic. Br. 61,219 Tac. Poet.: no 
J. weapon, haud d. telum, Virg. We 
infirmus (most gen. term: of whatever 
is deficient in strength) : old age renders 
the body more f. (less vigorous), senectus 
corpus facit infirmius, Cic. Sen. 6, 15: v. 
WEAK. 3. imbécillus (weakly: esp. 
of the body or things analogous): when 
a poor f.man is mangled by a powerful 
beast, quum i. homo a valentissima bestia 
laniatur, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, med.: the absent 
are present, the f. (those in ill-health) 
strong, absentes adsunt et i. valent, Cic. 
Am. 7, 23: f. pulsation, i. pulsus ve- 
narum, Cels.: v. WEAK. 4, invali- 
dus (without [sufficient] strength : not 
in Cic.): Vv. INFIRM, POWERLESS. 5. 
ténuis, e (thin, frail, poor): what f. 
health he enjoyed, or rather none at all, 
quam t. aut nulla potius valetudine fuit ! 
Cic. Sen. 11, 35: a f. (faint) hope, t. 
spes, Cic. Join: tenuis atque infirm- 
us [animus], Caes. B. C. 1, 32, fin. 6. 
fractus (lacking vigour ; as it were broken 
down: fig.): hope that is feebler, spes 
fractior, Cic. Am. 16, 59: jf. in com- 
position and almost effeminate [charge 
brought against Cic.), in compositione 
f. et paene viro mollior, Quint. 12, Io, 
12. 7. hébes, étis (of the senses, or 
impressions made upon them): sight 
naturally f., oculus natura h., Plin.: 
Cic.: V. DULL, DIM. 8, (of light) ob- 
scirus: after sunset, while there was 
yet a f. light, post solis occasum, jam 
obscura luce, Liv. : v. prt, DARK, Phr.: 
to grow f. with old age, senectute lan- 
guescere, Cic. Sen. 9, 27; marcescere, 
Plin. 22, 22, 38. 

feebleness: 1, infirmitas (any 
condition short of strength and vigour): 
J. of health, inf. valetudinis, Cic.; of 
sight, oculorum, Plin. jun : v. WEAK- 
NESS, 


2, imbécillitas ( positive weak. | 


FEEDING 





ness, esp. of body: for syn., V. FEEBLE) : 
the f. and frailty of the human race, 
bumani generis im. fragilitasque, Cic. 
Tuse. §, 1, 3: V. WEAK. 8. débilitas 
(usu. implying loss of the use of the body 
or of some part of it: cf. Plin. Ep. 8, 
18, 9: Tac. H. 1, 9): to rid oneself of 
all icinds of pain, disease, f.,a se do- 
lores, morbos, debilitates repellere, Cic 
Fin. 4, 8,20: f. of mind, d. animi, Ci 
(N.B. Invaletudo is ill-health, Cic. Att 
7, 2, nit). Phr.: f. of sight, obscu 
ritas oculorum, Plip. 37, 3, 12, fin.: it 
isa mark of f. of mind, animi est in- 
firmi, Cic. (v. FEEBLE). 

feebly: 1, infirmé (for syn. v. 
FEEBLE): Cic.: Plin. jun. 9. débi- 
liter (v. rare): Pac. in Non. 3, lan- 
guidé (without energy): V. LANGUIDLY. 

feed: A. Trans.: |. To sup- 
ply food to: 1, pasco, pavi, pastum, 
3 (usu. with ref. to inferior creatures): 
to f. swine, herds, etc., sues, greges, ete. 
p., Cic.: Col.: to f. (i. e. keep, possess} 
slaves, servos p., Juv. 3, 141. of human 
beings: you usually f. us on vegetables, 
olusculis nos p. soles, Cic. Att. 1, 6, 
1o. Fig.: Troy fed the Grecian fires 
Danaas paverunt Pergama flammas, Ov. 
Met. 14, 467: to f. unsubstantial hopes, 
spes p. inanes, Virg. Aen. 10, 627. 

Q. ilo, ui, itum, 3: v. TO NOURISH. 

Fig.: to f. the flames, a. incendium, 
Just. 4, 1, II. 8, cibo, 1 (of ani- 
mals only: a late word): good for 
J.ing young peacocks, cibandis pullis 
pavoninis utilis, Col. 8, 11, ad fin.: & 
J. @ serpent by hand, draconem manv 
c., Suet. Tib. 72. 4, expr. by cibus, 
pabtlum (the latter only of animals), 
and a verb: to f. animals by hand, 
(animalibus) cibos de manu praebere 
(Georg.); (cf. de manu dare, Col. 7, 9): 
to feed infants, (cibos] infantibus pueris 
in os inserere, Cic. de Or. 2, 39, 162: 
birds f. their tender young with their 
beaks, aves teneris foetibus cibos ore 
suo collatos partiuntur, Quint. 2, 6, 7 
to f. oxen, bubus pabulum dare, Cato 
R.R.54. §, pabiilor, 1 (usu. intrans.) : 
Col. Il. Fig.: of streams, etc.: to 
convey water to a reservoir: servio, 4 
(with dat.): a lake f.ing a canal, ser- 
viens (=aquas suppeditans) lacus (En- 
ripo), Plin. Ep. 1,3,1. 3B, Intrans.: 
to partake of food: l, vescor, 3 
(with abl. : of rational beings only): v- 
TO EAT, LIVE ON. 2. pascor, pastus, 3 
(in lit. sense of animals only): if the 
chickens will not f., si pulli non pascen- 
tur, Liv.: a heifer is f.ing in a wood, 
p- in silva juvenca, Virg. (in this sense 
the act. voice sometimes occurs: ar- 
menta saltibus in vacuis pascant, Virg. 
G. 3, 143). Sometimes with acc. of 
what is fed on (poet.): a serpent fed on 
poisonous herbs, coluber mala gramina 
pastus, Virg. Aen. 2,471. 3, pabulor, 
I (of cattle): to f. quietly, placide p., Col. 
4, 6, fin. 4, dépascor, pastus, 3; als» 
in act, (strictly to f. down: cf. Virg. G. 
I, 112: luxuriem segetum depascit, i. e. 
he feeds it down by turning in cattle: 
to consume by feeding): tof. upon dewy 
grass, roscidas herbas depascere, Col. 7, 
5, fin.: he (the serpent) f.s upon their 
miserable limbs, miseros depascitur ar- 
tus, Virg. Aen. 2, 215. Fig.: to f. 
upon golden sayings, aurea depasci dicta, 
Luer.: Cic. Phr.: they fed upon the 
flesh of wild beasts, quibus cibus erat 
caro ferina, Sal!.: they believe hares f. 
on snow, leporibus pro cibatu nivem 
credunt esse, Plin. 8, 55, 81: swine f. 
upon anything, sues omni cibatu alun- 
tur, Plin. 10, 73, 93- 

feeder: e.g. to a canal or lake: 
rivus serviens: vy. TO FEED (A, IL). 

feeding (suls.): 1, pastio (keep- 
ing of stock): cattle-f. (grazing) is by 
most combined with farming, p. con- 
jungitur a plerisque cum agricultura, 
Varr. 9, pabiilatio (the act of tak- 
ing food: of animals): Col. 7, 9, ezér. 

8, expr. by verb: the f. of cattle 
should be attended to as follows, bubus 
pabulum hoc modo dari oportet, Cato 
R. R. 54: V. FOOD, TO FEED, (Depastio, 
293 


FEEDING 





Phin. 17, 24, 37 § 237, is the feeding 
down or nibbling of plants.) 
feeding (adj.): pabulatorius: a /. 
basket, p. corbis, Col. 6, 3, med. 
feeding-time: *pabulandi (pabula- 
one hora. 
feel: A. Trans.: |. Zo ex- 
plore with the hands: 1, tento 
(tempto), 1: he f.s the bosom (of the 
stutue) with his hands, manibus pectora 
t., Ov. Met. 10, 282: Phaedr. Esp. to. 
the pulse, venas t., Quint. t1, 3, 88: Suet. 
2. praetento, 1 (to f. out before one) : 
to f. one’s way with the feet, pedibus p. 
iter, Tib. 2, 1, 77: Ov. 3, contrecto, 
I: V. TO HANDLE. 4, tango, 3: v. 
To ToucH. Phr.: tof. the pulse, venas 
tenere, Cic. (more usu. tentare, v. supr.). 
I]. To perceive, experience: ib 
sentio, si, sum, 4: to f. heat and cold, 
calorem et frigus s., Lucr. : fo feel hun- 
ger, pain, famem, dolorem s., Cic.: Liv. 
Fig.: of inanimate objects: the vine 
shall f. the pestilential sirocco, pestilen- 
tem sentiet Africum vitis, Hor.: v. T0 
SUFFER, EXPERIENCE. 9. capio, cépi, 
captum, 3 (fo recetve a sensation or emo- 
tion): to f. derive) joy at the just de- 
struction of a tyrant, laetitiam c. justo 
tyranni interitu, Cic. Att. 14, 14 (but 
the source of the emotion is usu. expr. 
by ex: Cic. passim): to f. pleasure, 
pity, ete., voluptatem, misericordiam C., 
Cic. (N.B.—In Lat. the constr. is often 
reversed, the emotion being made the 
subject, and the person the object: e.g. 
the senate felt alurm, senatum metus 
cepit, Liv. 23, 14, med.; so we find both 
satietatem capere, Pl. Am. 1, 2, 10; and 
satietas capit aliquem, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 
13: the latter constr. is preferred in the 
case of the more active emotions, as love, 
hatred, admiration, fear.) 3, percip- 
io, 3 (like preced., but only with per- 
sonal subject): to f. pleasure, volupta- 
tem p., Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37: to f. such 
sorrow through any one, eX aliquo tan- 
tos p. luctus, Cic. Fam. 14, 1, init.: Ov. 
4, concipio, 3 (in this sense chiefly 
poet.: usu. = to conceive, originate) : to 
Jf. hope or fear, spem, metum c., Ov. F. 
I, 486. 5, suscipio, 3 (referring to 
the rise of a feeling in the mind): to 
Ff. twofold grief (at the sight of some 
one), duplicem dolorem s., Cic. Vat. 1, 
19. 6, expr. by afficio, féci, fectum, 3 
(to affect): to cause any one to f. joy, 
aliquem laetitia af., Cic. Mil. 28, 77: 
esp. in pass.: I f. a lively anxiety, 
magna sollicitudine afficior (hut also, 
magna me afficit sollicitudo, the latter 
constr. being perhaps more formal), Cic. 
Att. 6,3. Phr.: to f. a thing deeply, 
aliquid graviter et acerbe ferre, Cic. Div. 
Verr. 2,4; magnum dolorem ex aliqua 
re capere, V. supr.: and TO GRIEVE FOR. 
B. [ntrans.: |. Zo be the sub- 
ject of sensations: 1, sentio, 4: 
Join: sentire ac vigere (to f. and be 
active), Cic. Sext. 21, 47. 9, sensum 
habeo: v. SENSATION. I]. Zo yield a 
certain sensation to the touch: Phr.: 
a tongue that f.s rough, lingua aspera 
tactu, Lucr.: fruit that f.s ripe, *poma 
quae manibus tentanti mollitudinis ac 
maturitatis sensum praebent. _—|{J,_ 70 
be in a certain state of mind: to feel 
glad, sorry, etc., laetari, gaudere; dolere, 
etc.: Vv. GLAD, etc. 
feel for; doleo, 2: v. TO GRIEVE. 
See also TO SYMPATHIZE. 
feeler: |. Of an insect: 1. 
crinis, is, m. (hair-like): the f.s of 
polypes, (polyporum) crines, Plin. 9, 29, 
46.  Q, corniciilum (lit. a small horn) : 
the f.s (antennae) of butterflies, (papi- 
lionum) c., Plin. 11, 28, 34. Il. Fig. : 
an experimental movement: Phr.: a 
suggestion first thrown out as af., mentio 
primo sensim illata, Liv. 4, t: to put 
out a f., *aliquid experiendi causa, 
tentantis modo, facere: v. TO TRY, 
FEEL (L.). 
feeling (subs.): |. Sensibility to 
outward phaenomena : ]. tactus, us 
(the sense of touch): Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 
141: V. TOUCH. 9, sensus, us, (most 
gen. term: of any kind of sensibility) : 
294 








FELICITOUS 


to be without life and f., vita et 8. ca- 
rere, Cic.: v. SENSATION. [].An emo- 
tion, state of mind: ], sensus, ts: 
my oun f.s tell me how areat is the force 
of fraternal affection, meus me s.quanta 
vis fraterni amuris admonet, Cic. Fam. 
5, 2, fin.: there was but one f. on the 
part of all good men, unus s. fuit om- 
nium bonorum, Cic.: the geneval f.s 
of maniind, communis hominum s., 
Cic. Or. 2, 16, 68: Hor.: to appeal to 
the f.s, sensus (hominum) implorare, 
Cic. Sull. 23, 64. Q, affectus, tis: the 
f. (emotion) of love, fear, af. »moris, 
metus, Quint. (v. AFFECTION): she hesi- 
tates with divided j.s, dubiis af. haeret, 
Ov. Met. 8, 473. 3. animus (the f.s 
collectively: esp. with ref. to anger): to 
control one’s f.s (temper), animum re 
gere, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62° he was the first 
to paint the expression of men’s f.s, 
primus animum pinxit et sensus homi- 
num expressit, Plin. 35, 10, 19: they do 
not know what our f.s tovards each 
other are, quo a. inter nos simus ignor- 
ant, Cic. fam. 3, 6, 1. 4, himanitas 
(refined, kindly f.): a man of great re- 
jinement of f., singulari h. vir, Cic.: ¢o 
have put off all human f., omnem bh. 
exuisse, Cie. Lig. 5, 14. Join: obdu- 
rescere atque h. exuere, Cic. Att. 13, 2. 
5, judicium (in matters of taste) : 

Vv. TASTE, JUDGMENT. 6. fiétus, us 
(lit. weeping: hence tearful emotion) : 
with what f. did he speak of . . ., quanto 
cum f. de. . . egit, Cic. Sext. 57, 121 
(v. Nigels. p. 38): v. TEARS. Phr.: to 
be without f., omnino durum, inhuma- 
num esse: V. UNFEELING: and cf. 
supr. (4). 

feeling (adj.): himanus, miséricors : 
Vv. HUMANE, KIND, COMPASSIONATE, 

feelingly: Phr.: to speak f., ex 
animo ac sincere loqui, ef. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 
47; multo cum fletu dicere (with tears) : 
V. FEELING, Subs, (6). 

feign: 1, fingo, nxi, ctum, 3 (usu. 
trans., and foll. by acc.): to f. friend- 
ship for the sake of expediency, utili- 
tatis causa f, amicitiam, Cic.: to wear a 


fd countenance (conceal feeling), f. 


vultum, Caes. B. G. 1, 39, med.: oftener 
of the action of fancy or imagination : 
Vv. TO IMAGINE. 9. confingo, 3 (usu. to 
fabricate, concoct): to f. tears, lacrimas 
c., Ter. And. 3, 3, 26. 8, similo, 1 
(to pretend something which is not): he 
had f.d to be setting out for Tarentum, 
ille se T'arentum proficisci simularat, 
Cic.: to promise surrender and after- 
wards f. fear, polliceri deditionem ac 
deinde metum s., Sall. Jug. 36. In preg 
nant sense: those who f. the saint and 
act the rake, qui Curios s. et Bacchanalia 
vivunt, Juv. 2, 3. Less freq. (except 
in Pl. Ter.) is the comp. assimiulo: he 
fd to be in love, amare assimulavit, 
Pl.; also foll. by quasi and subj., Ter. 
Eun. 3, 2, 8. 4, dissimiilo, 1 (to pre- 
tend that something is not which is; 
opp. to preced.: cf. Sall. Cat. 5, simulator 
ac dissimulator): to f. freedom from 
fear, metum d., Tac.: I will f. not to 
see these people, dissimulabo hos quasi 
non videam, Pl. Mil. 4, 2, 2: the acc. 
and inf. is more usual, though less 
vivid, Cic. Att. 8, 1, fin.: Pl. 

feigned: 1, similatus: /. friend- 
ship, s. amicitia, Cacs.: Nep. ON 
fictus: v. FALSE. 

feignedly : simulate, ficte: Cic. 

feigner: _ 1, simiiator: Sall. (v. ro 
FEIGN, 3). Q, fictor: Virg. Aen. 9, 602. 

feigning (subs.): similatio: how 
difficult is long continued f. of virtue, 
quam difficilis virtutis diuturna s., Cic. 


Att. 7, 1,3. Join: simulatio dissimu- 
latioque, Cic. Off. 3, 15, 60 (cf. To 
FEIGN, 3). 

feint: |, In gen. sense: simu- 


latio: v., PRETENCE. I]. Zr fencing : 
captatio: the fis of gladiators, gladia- 
torum captationes, Quint. 5, 13, 54. 
Phr.: to make a f. with a view to pro- 
voking a cut from your adversary, ma- 
num proferre ad evocandum adversarii 
ictum, Quint. lL. c. 


felicitous; felix: Vv. FORTUNATE, 








FELLOW-LODGER 


Happy. Phr.: a f. (strictly, clever) 
combination \of words), callida junctura, 
Hor. A. P. 48. 

felicitously : féliciter: v. HAPPILY. 
Sometimes proprie (of speaking) may be 
near enough: V. APPROPRIATELY. 

felicitousness (Achat: the studied 

felicity J. of Horace, Horatii 
curiosa f., Petr. 118, med. Sometimes, 
in speaking of diction, propriétas may 
be near enough: v. APPROPRIATENEsS. 

teline: félinus, félineus: Cels.: Serv. 
(Or gen. of feles: v. CAT.) 

fel] (subs.): |. 4 mountain : 
mons, jugum: v. MOUNTAIN. Il. 4 
skin: pellis: V. HIDE. 

fell (auj.): dirus, saevus, etc.: v. 
DREADFUL, CRUEL. 

fell (v.): |. In gen. sense, to pro- 
strate: sterno, consterno, stravi, tum, 3: 
v. TO KNOCK DOWN, LEVEL. I. OF 
timber : 1, caedo, cécidi, caesum, 3: 
to s. trees, timber, arbores, materiam c., 
Caes.: v. TO CUT DOWN. 2, excido, 
di, sum, 3 (to cut down and destroy: 
whereas caedo may refer to the heuing 
off of branches): all the trees being f.’d 


Jar and wide, omnibus arboribus longe 


lateque excisis, Caes. B, C. 2, 15. 3 
succido, 3 (by cutting at the root): Plin. 
Phr.: to f. timber (for siege purposes, 
etc.), materiari, Caes. B. G. 7, 73. 

fellmonger: 1, pellio, Onis, m.: 
Pl. Men. 2, 3, 52. Q, pelliouarius: 
Inscr. in Fore. A f.’s shop, pellesuina, 
Varr. L. L. 8 (7), 55- f 

fellmongery ; *ars pellionaria. 

felloe; of a wheel: curvatura (rotae), 
Ov. Met. 2, 108: H. Steph. 


fellow: |. Companion: sicius, 
comes : V. COMPANION. Il. An equal: 
Ill, QF @ col- 


par, paris: v. EQUAL. 
lege: *socius: M. L. IV. Jocosely 
or contemptuousiy : 1, homo, inis 
(esp. when standing by itself): you 
driveme mad, f., tu, homo, adigis me ad 
insaniam! Ter, Ad. 1, 2, 31: my good 
f., what have you got there, mi h., quid 
istuc est? Ter. Ad. 4, 3,6: @ very jolly 
J. h. lepidissimus, I’1. 2. homuncio, 
Onis, m. (a little f.): Augustus called 
Horace, homuncio lepidissimus, “a very 
nice litile f.,” Suet. vit. Hor. med. ; 
adolescens, Addlescentilus (@ young f.: 
without any other meaning): v. YOUTH. 
Phr.: silly f. (by way of exclamation), 
ridiculum caput! Ter. And. 2, 2, 34: 


jolly f., festivum caput! Ter. Ad. 
fy Sh Gb 
fellow-citizen: 11. civis, is, ¢.: 


all your f.s fear you, te metuunt omnes 
c. tui, Cic. Cat. 1,7, 17: Pl: later, 2, 
*concivis, is, c.: Tert. 3. popularis, 
is, c. (when the city is identical with 
the nation): hail f., mi p. salve! PL: 
Cic.: v. COUNTRYMAN. 4, miniceps, 
ipis, c. (of a municipium): v. FELLOW- 
TOWNSMAN,. 

fellow-commoner: *socius com- 
mensalis. 

fellow-countryman: Civis, etc. : 
V. FELLOW-CITIZEN. 

fellow-creature: expr. by homo, 
etc. : to consult the good of your f.s, con- 
sulere hominum generi, Cic.: I am @ 
man, Iam concerned in anything that 
affects a f., homo sum, humani nibil a 
me alienum puto, Ter, Heaut. 1, 1, 25 
(Vv. MAN, HUMAN BEING): so by alter: 
he who does nothing to serve a f., qui 
nihil alterius causa facit, Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 
41: v. NEIGHBOUR. More precisely, 
*qui eadem lege (cunditione) natus 
(creatus) est. 

fellow-feeling : consensio (agree- 
ment): (friendship is but) the perfec- 
tion of f., voluntatum summa ¢., Cic. 
Am. 4, 15: V. SYMPATHY. 

fellow-heir: cobéres, édis, c.: Cic. 

fellow-labourer: s0cius, consors 
operis, laboris: Cic. Br. 1,2. Phr.: to 
be any one’s j., alicui socium esse in 
negotiis, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, g: see also 
HELPER. 

fellow-lodger: (@) contubernalis, 
is, c. (one who occupies the same taber- 
naculum): Cic. Fam. 9, 20: Pl.: v. 
COMPANION (5); 





FELLOW- PASSENGER 








fellow-passenger? 1, convec- 

fellow-traveller § tor: to have any 
ene for a f., aliquo c, uti, Cic. 2. 
cdmes, itis, c. (with or without itineris): 
to start as f.s on the final journey, su- 
premum carpere iter comites, Hor. Od. 
2, 17, 12: my f. was Heliodorus, Helio- 
dorus c. (erat), Hor. S. 1, 5, 2. 3. 
sdcius itinéris: he was my constant /., 
omnium meorum itinerum s, fuit, Cic. : 
V. COMPANION. Phr.: to be f.s, facere 
iter una, Cic.: v. TOGETHER. 

fellow-prisoner : *vinculorum so- 
cius, una (in eodem loco) vinctus: v. 
PRISONER, 

fellow-servant: conservus, f-a: 
all my f.s, male and female, conservi 
conservaeque omnes, Pl. Mil. 4, 8, 30: 
Cie. A fem. dimin. conservula occurs in 
Sen. Contr. 

fellow-soldier : 
m.: Cues.: Liv. 

fellow-student: condiscipiilus - 
Cic.: v. SCHOOL-FELLOW. Phr.: he 
was my f., *una mecum literis [acroa- 
matisque] studuit, operam dedit. 

fellow-townsman: miniceps, ci- 
pis, c.: you vere my f. and schoolfellow, 
m. tu meus et condiscipulus, Plin, Ep. 1, 
19, init. 

fellowship : |. Companionship, 
friendly velation: 1, sdciétas (friendly 
relation between individuals or bodies 
of men): we have no f. with tyrants, 
nulla s. nobis est cum tyrannis, Cic.: to 
enter upon, breale off, f. with any one, 
s. cum aliquo coire, dirimere, Cic. 
Join: [hominum]) societas et con- 
junctio, Cic, Off. 1, 5,17. 2. commi- 
nitas (state or comdition of sharing 
something): V.cOMMUNITY. Join: so- 
cietas communitasque [humani generis}, 
Cic. Fin. 4, 2, 4. . commi@unio 
(=preced., but less freq.) : Cic. 4, 
sddalitas (as of those who mess together) : 
f. and intimacy, 8. familiaritasque, Cic. 

5, sddalitium (—preced., bur less 

freq.): Cat.: Val. Max. 6, com#tas 
(good-f.; asa quality) good f. and easy 
temper, c. et facilitas (opp. to gravitas 5- 
veritasque), Cic. Mur. 31, fin. See also 
COMPANIONSHIP. |], University ¢. ¢.: 
expr. by sdécius: to get a f., sociis as- 
cribi, socium deligi, co-optari (by elec- 
tion of the college of fellows): v. 
FELLOW. 

felon: noécens, noxius: v. CRIMINAL. 

felonious, felony: v. CRIMINAL, 
CRIME. 

felt (adj. and subs.): 1. cdactus, 
a, um (i.e. compressed, wrought toge- 
ther): the wool of itself forms a f., 
lanae per se coactam vestem faciunt, 
Plin. 8, 48, 73. In neut. pl. as subs.: 
to make tunics of f., tunicas ex coactis 
facere, Caes. B. C. 3, 44. 2. cbuc- 
tilis, e: Edict Diocl. in Fore. Neut. 
ie aa as subs., Ulp. Dig. 34, 2, 
25 $1. 

female: |. Subs.: fémina: the 
congress of male and f., congressio 
maris et f., Cic.: if you want to breed 
f.s (ewes), si f. generandae sunt, Col. 7, 
3,med, |]. Adj. 1. fémina, only f: 
male and 7. deities, dii mares et f., Cic, 
N.D. 1, 34, 94: Col. 9. temineus 
(of women ; whereas femina is used also 
of animals: chiefly poet): the f. sex, f, 
sexus, Plin.: a f. voice, vox f. Ov.: 
Virg.: Tib. 8. miliebris, e (of wo- 
men): the f. sex, m. sexus, Liv.: fi 
attire, m. vestis, Nep. 

female-slave: famiila, ancilla (di- 
min. ancillula): v. SLAVE. 

feminine : |. Belonging to a 
woman: miuliebris, fémineus: v. FE- 
MALE (Il.). Or expr. by gen. of fe- 
mina, mulier; v. WOMAN. I. Of 
grammatical gender: 1, fémininus : 
a. f. noun, f. nomen, Varr.: Quint. Q. 
miuliebris, femineus (Lily): v. FEMALE 
(L.). II]. Womanish, unmanly: mii- 
liebris, effeminatus: v. EFFEMINATE. 

fen: pilus, aligo: v. MARSH. 

fence (subs.): 1, sépimentum 
(saep.: gen. term) a@ natural f., natu- 
rale s. (sepes viva), Varr. R. R. 1, 14: a 
military f., militare s., Varr. 1. c.: Caes. 


commilito, Onis, 








FERN 


2. sépes (saep.), is, f. (of bush, wood, 
etc.) : Vv. HEDGE, 3. septum (saep. : 
more usu. the enclosure itself): Js 
made for protection, s. quae tutandi 
causa fiunt, Varr. l.c.: Vv. ENCLOSURE. 

4, miacéria (of stone): v. WALL. 

fence (v.): |. To enclose : 1; 
sépio (saep.), psi, prum, 4: to f. (puta 
hedge to) a corn-field, segetem s., Col. 
Fig.: nature has f d the eyes with very 
delicate membranes, natura oculos te- 
nuissimis membranis sepsit, Cic. N. D. 
2, 57, 142. 2. consépio, 4 (rare): 
Iucr. §, expr. by sépes, sépimentum, 
etc, and a verb: to f. a corn-field, se- 
gvti praetendere sepem, Virg. G. 1, 2703 
a cottage, casam sepis munimento cin- 
gere, Plin. 17, 14, 24: v. preced. art. 

Il. 70 exercise with a sword or foil : 
bituo, i, 3: to f. with wooden swords, 
with fighting weapons, rndibus, pugna- 
toriis armis b., Suet. Cal. 32, 54. Fig. 
to evade a question, tergiversor, I: v. TO 
SHUFFLE, 

fencer: Phr.: to be a good f., 
gladii artis peritum esse, based on Sen. 
Ep. 7, 3. 

fencing (swhs.): as art, ars ludicra 
armorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 84; gladii 
ars, Sen. Ep. 7,3. Phr.: to go through 
Jf. exercise, gladio’se exercere, Veg. 
ng 

-fencing-master: (?) gladii ma- 
gister. 

fencing-school: lidus: v. scHooL. 

fender: perh. foci pluteus: v. 
NEARTH. 

fennel: féniciilum: Plin. 

fenny : paluster, tris, tre : v. MARSHY. 

fenugreek: _ 1, foenum Graecum, 
Col. 2, 11, med.: Plin. 2, aegidcéras, 
alis, n.: Plin. 

feod, feodal: v. FEUD, FEUDAL. 

ferment (subs.): [bite fer= 
mentum: bread made without a f,, (i.e. 
unl avened), sine f. panis, Cels.: Plin. 
Fig.: to be in a f. of passion, in fer- 
mento esse, Pl. Cas. 2, 5, 17: V. PAS- 
SION. i] Fig.: a stir, excitement: 

1, tiimor, Oris, m.: f. of mind, |. 
animi, Cic. lusc. 3, 12,26: f. of affairs, 
t. rerum, Cic. Att. 14, 5: Sen. i 
ae-tus, Us (of that which surges like the 
tide): f. of the breast (love), a. pectoris, 
Ov. Her. 6. 25: Lucr.: v. COMMOTION. 
Phr.: to be in a f.: (1). ferveo, bui, 
2; also 3 (lit. to boil): the whole path 
is in a f. with the work, opere omnis 
semita f., Virg. Aen. 4, 407: you will 
see everything in a f., omnia videbis 
fervére, Virg. G. 1, 456. Fig. of pas- 
sion, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 32. (2). tiimeo, 2 
(to swell; be in a state of inflation) : 
the wise man’s mind is never excited, 
never ina f., sapientis animus nun- 
quam turgescit, nunquam t., Cic. Tusc. 
3, 9, 19: to be in a f. of wild fury, 
rabie fera t., Virg.: v. TO SWELL. 

ferment (v.) : A. Trans.: fer- 
mento, 1: barley bread was f.’d with 
ergot meal, panis hordeaceus ervi fa- 
rina fermentabatur, Plin. 18, 11, 26: 
Col. B, Intrans.. j, ferveo, 
bui, 25 also 3: the wine is kept from 
Jing; so the transition from must to 
wine is called, fervere probibetur vin- 
um; ita appellant musti in vinum 
transitum, Plin. 14, 9, 11. 9. fer- 
mentor, I (as refl.): the green fig is pre- 
served in jars and allowed to f. there, 
ficus viridis in amphoras conditur et 
ibi sinitur f., Col. 12, 17, ad init. 8. 
fermentesco, 3 (?): Plin. 17, 2, 15. 4. 
défervesco, bui, 3 (inceptive: to begin 
and go through the process of fermenta- 
tion) : Col. 9, 15, fin. 

fermentation: ‘*fermentatio, as 
t.¢. (Or expr. by verb: v. TO FER- 
MENT, B.) 

fermented : 
panis, Plin. 
Or. 20, 2, 15 (fermentatius, ed. Lind.). 

fern: 1. filix, icis, 7. (gen. term) : 
Virg . Hor. 
male fern, *aspidium filix mas, Moore) : 
Plin. 29, 9. 55 (from which passage it 
appears that strictly pteris or blechnon 
and thelypteris were species of filix: 


1, fermentatus, e g. 


9. fermentaticius: Isid. | 


2, ptéris, idis, 7. (perh. | 


FERTILE 


















the former regarded as male, the latter 
Female). 

fernery: filictum (filectum): i.e. 
a quantity of fern growing wild, Pall. 
9,3. (For an artisicial f., perh. *filice- 
tum: cf. arboretum.) 

ferny: filicibus obsitus, obductus: 
V. OVERGROWN. 

fern-owl: caprimulgus: Plin. 

ferocious: _ 1, triiciilentus (esp 
with ret. to the looks): f. eyes, t. oculi, 
Pl.: a f. tigress, f. tigris, Plin.: more 
J. than a she-bear with cubs, feta trucu- 
ientior ursa, Ov. Met. 13. 803: Cic.: ct 
FEROCIOUSLY. 9, trux, triicis (like 
preced., which is only a strengthene:| 
form of it): this grim and f. tribune 
of the plebs, hic horridus ac t. tri- 
bunus plebis, Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 65: a f 
Jace and threatening eyes, t. facies ocu- 
lique menaces, Lucan: Tac. (freq.) 

3, saevus, férus, atrox: v. FIERCE, 

CRUEL, SAVAGE. (N.B.—Not ferox, 
which is rather high-spirited; over- 
weening : q. V.) 

ferociously: triiciilenté: Cic.: 
Quint. (Or expr. by adj.: how grimly, 
how f. he walked almg, quam taeter 
incedebat, quam truculentus ! Cic. Sext. 
8,18: ef. L. G. § 343.) 

ferociousness } 1. triciilentia 

ferocity (rare): Pl. Tae. 
(who uses the word of climate, Ann. 2, 
24). 9, saevitia: v. crueELTY. (N.B. 
Not ferocitas, which may have a good 
sense: cf. Cic. Sen. 10, 33.) 

ferret (suis.): viverra, Plin. 

ferret out (v.): 1, rimor, 1 (to 
pry into what ts secret): Tac.: Gell.: 
Vv. TO PRY, RUMMAGE, 2, expiscor, 
I: V. TO FISH 9UT. 3. éruy, i, itum, 
3 (to rake out): Fig.: you will f. out, 
if possible, who the ten commissioners 
were, sicunde potes, erues qui decem 
legati fuerint, Cic. Att. 13, 30. 

ferrugineous: 1. ferriginens: 
@ spring (of water) with a f. taste, fons 
f. saporis, Plin. 31,2, 8: also, of colour, 
a f. (iron-hued) boat, f. cymba, Virg. 

9. ferratus: /. (chalybeate) waters, 

f. aquae, Sen. N. Q. 3, 2. 

ferrule: *ferreus (aeneus) annulus: 
V. RING. 

ferry (subs.): no exact word; unless 
perh. trajectus, iis (lit. crossing: whence 
the places so named: v. Forcell. s. v.). 
Expr. by phr., *locus ad flumen s. aes- 
tuarium ubi est scapba (navicula) ad 
transvehendos homines parata: v. TO 
cross. Charon’s f.-boat is commonly 
called cymba, Virg.: Hor. 

ferry (v.): transvého, trajicio, trans- 
mitto: V. TOCARRY ACROSS; TO CROSS, 

ferryboat;: ‘sciipha, cymba: v. 
FERRY. 

ferryman: portitor, Sris, m.: Sen. 
Ben. 6, 18: freq. epith. of Charon, Virg. : 
Prop. 

fertile: 1, fertilis,e (capable of 
yielding abundance): rich and f. lands, 
agri opimi et f., Cic.: the most f. parts 
of Germany, fertilissima G:rmaniae 
loca, Caes.: with gen., abl., or ace. 
with ad: a land f. in corn and cattle, 
tellus frugum pecorisque f., Hor.: Liv.: 
a land f. in trees, ager arboribus f., 
Plin.: @ district f. in every product, 
tractus ad omnia f., Plin. (in Cic. fer- 
tilis appears always to be used absol.). 
Fig.: af. bosom (of genius), f. pectus, 
Ov. Pont. 4, 2, 11. 9. fécundus 
(productive; actually yielding abun- 
dantly): drainage, whereby the soil ts 


| rendered much more f., fossiones agri, 


quibus fit multo terra fecundior, Cic. 
Sen. 15, 53: usu. with gen., also abl.: 
a land f. in mineral wealth, tellus 
metallorum f., Plin. (in Cic. always 
absol.). Fig.: ages f. tn crime, f. 
secula culpae, Hor.: love is most f. 
both in honey and gall, amor et melle 
et felle est fecundissimus, Pl. Cist. 1, 
I, 70. 8, férax, acis (= fertilis; 
same constr.): most f. lands, feracissimi 
agri, Caes.: Cic.: Iberia f. in poisons, 
Iberia venenorum f., Hor. Fig.: no- 
thing can be more f. than the mind, 
nihil est feracius ingeniis, Cic. Or. 15, 
295 


FERTILELY 


FESTOON 


FEUD 





48. 4. uber, Eris (abundantly pro- 
ductive): a f. soil, u. solum, Liv. 29, 
35, fim. (where immediately before fer- 
tilissimus is used: cf. Prop. 1, 22, 10: 
Umbria terris fertilis uberibus, i.e. a 
country naturally f., and therefore 
richly productive) : with gen.: Just. 44, 
3, med. Fig.: of all the orators of his 
age he was the most f., oratorum ex 
aetate uberrimus erat, Tac. Ann. 3, 31. 
5. fétus: Cic.: v. TEEMING, PRO- 
LIFIC. 6, Opimus: a f. plain, o. 
campus, Liv.: v. RICH. Phr.: a man 
f. in expedients, *homo ad res excogi- 
tandas promptus; homo versutus. 
fertilely ; fecundé: v. rRUITFULLY. 
fertility: 1, fertilitas (compar. 
FERTILE, I.): f. of soils, agrorum f., 
Cic.: Plin. 9. fecunditas: v. FRUIT- 
FULNESS, PRODUCTIVENESS. 3, uber- 
tas, iber: v. pRODUCTIVENESS. Fig.: 
yt. and copiousness in speaking, ubertas 
in dicendo et copia, Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 
init. Phr.: aman of great f. of re- 
source, *homo ad omnia paratus; in 
agendo promptus ac versutus. 
fertilize: 1. expr. by fertilis, 
fécundus, ferax, etc.. and a verb: the 
Euphrates f.s Mesopotamia, Mesopota- 
miam fertilem efficit Euphrates, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 52, 130: v. FERTILE. 9. fe- 
cundo, 1 (chiefly poet.): the Nile fs 
Egypt with black mud, Nilus Aegyp- 
tum nigra f. arena, Virg. 3, laeti- 
fico, 1 (esp. with ref. to manure): the 
Indus f.s the country, Indus agros l. [et 
mitigat), Cic. N. D. z, 52, 130: the 
bean serves to f. the soil in lieu of 
manure, faba solum Il. stercoris vice, 
Plin. Phr.: we f the land by letting 
in water upon it, aquarum inductioni- 
bus terris fecunditatem damus, Cic. 
fertilizing: 1, fécundus (by 
meton.: the effect for the cause) : the /. 
Nile, f. Nilus, Plin.: esp. poet.: slaps 
of the f. hand (of the Luperci), fecundae 
verbera dextrae, Ov. F. 2, 427. 2) 
fertilis (comp. preced.): the f. Nile, f. 
Nilus, Tib.: the f. goddess, i. e., Ceres, 
f. dea, Ov. Met. 5, 642. 8. pinguis, e 


(poet.) ; the Nile with f. stream, p. flu- | 


mine Nilus, Virg. Aen. 9, 31- 4, 
felix, icis (poet.): the rivers bring down 
the f. 
Virg. G. 2, 188. 
have all a poetic cast: in plain prose a 
circum]. must be used: e. g., f. manures, 
*stercorum genera quae ad agros laeti- 
ficandos, fecundiores reddendos apta 
sunt: v. TO FERTILIZE.) 

ferule; fértila: my hand, too, has 
smarted ’neath the f., et nos manum fe- 
rulae subduximus, Juv. 1,15: Mart. 

fervency: fervor: v. FERVOUR: 
chiefly of devotion: Phr.: to pray 
with the utmost f., *summa animi con- 
tentione orare: what f. there was in his 
prayers, *quanti in precando ardores ! cf. 
L. G. § 591. 


‘fervent: 1, ardens, ntis: to seek 


death with more f. eagerness, mortem | 
ardentiore studio petere, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, | 


61: V. ARDENT. 2. flagrans, ntis 
(stronger than ardens): f. (burning) 


love, f. amor, Hor.: Prop.: f. kisses, f. | 


oscula, Hor. Od. 2, 12, 25. 3, impen- 


sus (not so in Cic.): Liv.: Suet.: v. | 


EARNEST. 4. fervidus (glowing): v. 
FERVID, FIERY. Phr.: to feel a f. de- 


sire, cupiditate, studio ardere, flagrare, | 
Cic. (v. EAGER): to address f. entreaties, | 


omnibus precibus orare, Cic. Att. 9, 
11 (B.); impensissime orare (v. EARN- 
ESTLY). 

fervently: 1, ardenter: Cic. 2, 
flagranter (stronger than preced.): ‘l’ac. : 


Front. 8. véhémenter: v. EARN- 
ESTLY. 4, *prolixé: he prayed the 
more f., prolixius orabat, Vulg. Luc. 
Xxii. 43. 

fervid: 1, fervidus (glowing, im- 


passtoned): a f. style of oratory, f. 
genus dicendi, Cic. Brut. 68, fin.: Liv. : 
v. FIERY. 9. calidus (pvet.): Hor. 
Od. 3, 14, 27. See also FERVENT. 
fervidly; ardenter: v. FERVENTLY. 
fervour: 1, ardor: v. ARDOUR. 
9. aetvor (glowing temper): f. of 
29 


mud, amnes f. trahunt limum, | 
(N.B. The above expr. | 





(youthful) age, f. aetatis, Cic.: f. of 
heart, f. pectoris, Hor. Od. 1, 16, 24. 
8. calor (poet. and late): youthful 

J., javenilis c., Quint. 2, 15, 28: Hor. (of 
love, Od. 4, 9, I1). 4, impétus, ts: 
V. IMPETUOSITY, FIRE. Phr.: (a man) 
still in the f. of his youthful days, ad- 
hue florente juventa fervidus, Hor. 
ACPA rirs: 

festa]; festus: v. FESTIVE. 

fester: 1. suppiro, 1: if the ab- 
scess f., famix (al. sanies) si suppura- 
verit, Col. 6, 12, med.: Cato. Fig.: 
when sensuality begins to f., quum vo- 
luptates s. coeperunt, Sen. Ep. 59, 18. 

2. ulcéror, exulcéror, 1: v. TO 

ULCERATE. Phr.: the ulcer grows and 
J.s, ulcus vivescit et inveterascit, Lucr. 
4, 1064. 

festival (subs.): 1, fériae: v. 
HOLIDAYS. 2. dies festus, or pl. dies 
festi: to celebrate the periodical f.s of 
the gods, dies f. et sollennes deorum 
celebrare, Cic.: about the time of the f., 
sub dies f., Cic.: the Syracusans keep the 
anniversary of the day as a f., Syracus- 
ani f. dies anniversarios agunt, Cic. Verr. 
4, 48, extr.: to proclaim a f. to the city, 
diem f. urbi indicere, Justin. 24,3- 3, 
festum (poet.): the f. of Venus, f. Ve- 
neris, Ov. F. 4, 877: Hor.: also pl.: f. 
of the Idaean mother, Idaeae festa pa- 
rentis, Ov. F. 4, 182. 4, sollenne, 
solemne (soll.), is, 2. (a f. as periodical) : 
a f. introduced from Arcadia, s. alla- 
tum ab Arcadia, Liv. 1, 5: f. of Faith, 
Fidei s., Liv.: also pl.: the f. of Isis, 
sollennia Isidos, Prop. 3, 31 (33), TU: 
Suet. Of the special names of f.s, the 
foll. are the most important: f. of 
Saturn, Saturnalia, orum and ium, 7. 
pl.: on the second, third, day of the f. 
of Saturn, secundis, tertiis, Saturnalibus, 
Cic. Att. 13, 52: of Quirinus, Quirinalia; 
of Bacchus, Libéralia; of Pan, Liper- 
calia; of the Mames, Feralia; of Ter- 
minus, Terminalia ; of the mother of the 
gods, Mégilésia; of Ceres, Cérealia; of 
Pales, Palilia; of Faunus, Faunalia; 
of Flora, Floralia; ef Consus, Oonsu- 
alia; of the Lares, Compitalia; in 
honour of the matrons, Matronalia; of 
Minerva, Quinquatrus, uum, f. pl. and 
quinquatria, orum andium. 4f this or 
that f, is expr. by the abl. without a 
prep. (v. supr.): as, the Pindenissians 
surrendered to me on the morning of the 
Saturnalia, Saturnalibus mane se mihi 
Pindenissae dediderunt, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 
init.: the gen. of names of f.s in 7a, 
is more usually iorwm than tum; in the 
dat. and abl., ibus alone is used, 

festival (adj.): festivus: v. foll. 
art. 
festive: 1, festus (Strictly, apper- 
taining to, or proper for, a festival): a 


| f. season, f. tempus, Hor.: the f. wreath 


(given in token of victory), f. corona, Ov. 
Met. 10, 598: cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 459. In 
gen. sense, f. peace, f. pax, Plin. 14, I, 
ad init.: Plin. jun.: see also, FESTIVAL 
(subs.). 2, festivus (more freq. in 
secondary sense; gay, joyous): in a ff. 
place (the theatre), in f. loco, Pl. Mil. 2, 
I, 5: V. MERRY. 3. célebratus (of 
days, etc.; attended by numbers): a 
more f. day, dies celebratior, Ov. Met. 
4, 430: cf. Liv. 3, 63, med.: and FES- 
TIVAL, Subs. (1). Phr.: in f. attire, 
candidatus (white being the festive co- 
lour), Pl. Rud. 1, 5, 13: in f. attire and 
wearing a wreath, candidatus corona- 
tusque, Suet. Aug. 98: also, candide ves- 
titus [lauteque exornatus], Pl. Cas. 4, 
I, 10; albatus (opp. to atratus), Cic. 
Vat. 13, 31. 

festively: festive: Pl. Mil. 2,1, 5. 
See also, MERRILY, JOYFULLY. 

festivity: |], A joyous celebra- 
tion; usu. pl.: sollennia, sollemnia 
(sol-): the f.s of a wedding, s. nuptiarum, 
Suet.: all the f.s and proper formalities 
of the games, omnia s. et justa ludorum, 
Cic. Harusp. 10, 21: V. CEREMONIES. 

ll. Mirth, gaiety: ltidus, festivitas : 

Vv. MIRTH. 

festoon (subs.): sertum (usu. in 
pl.): fs of flowers adorn the rugged 














mill, velant scabras florida s. molas, Ov 
F. 6, 312: the altars breathe with fresh 
Fs, 8. recentibus halant arae, Virg. Aen 
I, 417: cf. GARLAND. 

festoon (v.): expr. by serta (v. pre- 
ced. art.) and a verb: the altars f.'d 
with flowers, *arae sertis (floridis) in- 
nexae: Vv. TO ENTWINE. 

fetch: 1, arcesso, ivi, itum, 3 
(esp. with ref. to persons): to f. Aescu- 
lapius from Epidaurus to Rome, Aescu- 
lapium ab Epidauro Romam a., Liv. ro, 
47, fin. (v. TO suMMON): also of things: 
by what mode of carriage (the goods) 
are to be f.’d, quo genere vecturae ar- 
cessantur, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1, fin. Oe 
accio, 4 (to call; hence only of per- 
sons): to f. soothsayers out of Etruria, 
haruspices ex Etruria a., Cic. Harusp. 
2 5n25. 8. péto, ivi and ii, itum, 3 
(to go to f.: not precisely in this sense 
in Cic.): things which we f. from be- 
yond the seas, quae traus maria petimus, 
Plin. 18, 4,19, §3. Fig.: to f. a deep 
sigh, suspirium alte p., Pl. Cist. 1, 1, 
57: a sigh f.’d from the bottom of one’s 
heart, latere petitus imo spiritus, Hor. 
Epod. 11, 10. Hence, répéto, 3 (to f. 
back): to f. gold home from any one, 
aurum r. ab aliquo domum, Pl. Bacc. 4, 
5, 7 4. excio, 4 (strictly, to call out, 
call up): he f.'d auxiliary troops out of 
Germany, auxilia e Germania excivit, 
Tac. H. 2, 97: to f. up spirits from 
their graves, auimas ex sepulcris ex., 
Virg. Phr.: tof. water, wood, :forage, 
timber, aquari, lignari, pabulari, mate- 
riari (esp. of soldiers), Caes.: to f. a 
blow, plagam, ictum inferre (Vv. TO IN- 
FLICT): what was f.’d by the sale, quod 
inde (ex venditione) refectum est, Liv. 
35, 1, extr. See also TO BRING, GET. 

fetid: 1, foetidus: a f. mouth, f. 
0s, Cickenbi: 2. téter (taet.), tra, 
trum (disgusting in any way): Vv. NAU- 
SEOUS, NOISOME. 3. gravis, e: the f. 
water-snake, g. chelydrus, Virg. G. 3, 
415: Hor. 4, grivedlens, ntis (yield- 
ing a strong smell): Virg. G. 4, 270; 
Aen. 6, 201. 

fetidness: Vv. FETOR. 

fetlock: 1, cérdniila: Veg. Veter. 
2, 55- 2, cirrus (in articulo pedis) : 
Veg. 1, 56: v. Gesner. Lex. Rust. 

fetor:; foetor: Cic.: Plin.: v. SMELL, 

fetter (subs.): 1, compes, pédis, 
m. (strictly, for the feet): they put the 
slaves in f.s, servis indunt (injiciunt, 
impingunt) compedes, Pl.: Ter. Often 
fig.: in the f.s of the body, in corporis 
compedibus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 31,75: Hebrus 
bound in snowy f.s, nivali c. vinetus 
Hebrus, Her. 2. pédica (only for the 
feet): to confine the feet in f.s, pedes 
pedicis coarctare, Apul.: v. SNARE. 8, 
vinculum (most gen. term): v. CHAIN, 
IMPRISONMENT. 

fetter (v.): |. Lit, to pué in 
fetters : alicui compedes impingere, in- 
jicere: v. FETTER (subs.). ll. Fig. 
to hinder : 1, impédio, 4: to be fid 
in the use of one’s rights, impediri in 
suo jure, Caes. B. G. 1, 36: V. TO HINDER, 
HAMPER. 2, téneo, ui, ntum, 2 (to 
hold, as it were entrapped): you are 
Fd on every side (of Catiline), teneris 
undique, Cic. : stronger still is contineo. 
Vv. TO CONFINE. 

fettering (subs.): expr. by verb; 
as, this order seems a f. of human na- 
ture, *videtur haec descriptio naturam 
hominum quasi vinculis quibusdam im- 
peditam tenere. 

fetterless: liber, vinculis sélitus: 
V. UNFETTERED, FREE. 

fetus: med. ¢. ¢.: 1, conceptus, 
us: Plin. 27, 19, 77, § 248. 2. partus, 
us: to destroy a f. (in the womb), p. 
necare, Plin.: Cels. 3. fetus, us 
(foet.): v. OFFsPRING. Phr.: a dead 
J., Mortuus abortus, iis, Plin. 1. ¢.: to 
remove a f. from the womb with instru- 
ments, matris uterum caedere, Plin. 7, 9, 
7 (mulieri partum excidere, Marcell. 
Dig. 11, 8, 2): indications of the forma- 
tion of the f., indices hominis inchoati, 
Plin. 4, 3, 6. 

feud: 


|. A quarrel: J, sim 





ee 





FEVER 


ultas (resulting from some offence): a | venae in praetenues f. (al. 
to be | persae, Plin. 11, 37, 89. 


J. of old standing, vetus s., Just. : 
at f. with any one, s. exercere cum ali- 
quo, Cic.; s. gerere, Quint.: to cherish a 
J. 8. nutrire, l'ac.: to lay aside a_f,, S. 
deponere, Cic.: v. QUARREL. 2, in- 
{micitia (most gen. term): often in pl. : 
there was an old-standing f. between 
him and. . ., erant ei veteres in. cum 
. «+, Cic.: so, intercedebant ei, etc., 
Cic.: to surrender one’s private f.s for 
one’s country’s good, in. suas patriae 
donare, Cic. Fam. 5, 4: V. HATRED, ANI- 
MOSITY. 8, odium (the strongest 
word): V.HATRED. |], Tech. t. of feud- 
alism; a fief: *feudum: to confer a f., 
feudum dare, feudo investire (of formal 
mvestiture), Lib. Feud.: to accept a f., 
f. accipere, acquirere, ib.: to hold as a 
ft. pro f. tenere, ib.: to divest of a f., 
feudo devestire, ib.: a king’s or chief f,, 
regis or capitaneum f., ib. 

fever: 1, febris, is, f.: f. we call 
so from its heat, f. a fervore appellamus, 
Varr. in Non.: to be attacked with f., 
febre corripi, Plin.: to fall wl with the 
f., in f. incidere, Cic.: to have a f., f. 
habere, Cic.; f. pati, Gell.: to toss with 
heat and f., f. aestuque jactari, Cic.: to 
be quite free from f., plane f. carere, 
Cic.: f. increases, abates, keeps station- 
ary, is relieved, passes away, tf, augetur 
(increscit), remittit, consistit, levatur, 
decedit, Cels.: to cure a f., f. abigere, 
depellere, Plin.: to recover from a f., ex 
f. convalescere, Cic.: a hot, cold, slow, 
f., f. ardens (Cels.), frigida (Plin.), lenta 
(Cels.): see also, infr.: a tertian, 
quartan f., f. tertiana, quartana, Cels. 
(as often without febris): f. quartis 
(tertiis) diebus recurrens, Gell. f 
febriciila (dimin. of febris: a slight or 
mild f.): to be laid up for a long time 
with slow f.s, lentis f. diu detineri, Cels. : 
Cic. (N.B. Febris is not used in fig. 
sense: V. FERMENT, EXCITEMENT.) 

— bein: 1, febricito, 1; Sen.: 
Cels, 9. febrio, 4: Col.: Cels. 

feverish: febriciilosus:.Cato: Gell. 
Phr.: to be a little f., *febris aliquid 
(onnihil) habere: v. FEVER (1.): to 
have a f. attack, in febriculam incidere 
(v. FEVER, 2). For feverish in fig. sense, 
V. EXCITED, RESTLESS. 

feverishly: fig., perh. *incitate tre- 
pideque. 
* few: 1, pauci, ae, a: a f. days 
after the death of Africanus, p. diebus 
post mortem Africani, Cic.: very f. 
Friends, p. admodum familiares, Cic. : 
the power of a f. (oligarchy), paucorum 
potentia, Sall.: fewer ships, pauciora 
navigia, Auct. Bell. Afr.: the rest I will 
dismiss in the fewest possible words, 
cetera quam paucissimis absolvam, Sall. 
Jug. 17, init.: to make answer in f. 
words, pauca respondere, Hor. S. 1, 6, 
613 also in abl.: I want just a f. words 
with you, paucis te volo, Ter. Andr. 1 
1,2. Dimin. pauciili, quite a f., just a 
f.: just a f. days, pauculos dies, Cic. 
Att. 5, 21, 5: I want a very f. words 
with you, pauculis te volo, Pl. As in- 
tens. form, also perpauci, ae, a, in all the 
above constructions, Cic.: Hor, Dimin. 
perpauculi, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 54. Oy 
aliquot, indecl. (a few; i.e several): a 
SF. friends, al. amici, Ter. Phor. 2, 1, 82: 
Cic.: v. SEVERAL. 8, rarus (thinly 
scattered): the harbours being f., indeed 
scarce any, raris ac prope nullis portibus, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 12, extr.: Cic.: Liv. 
parum multi (not many enough): too f. 
or too inadequate claims, parum m., 
parum justae necessitudines, Cic. Pl. 30, 
72: Quint. Phr.: as f. as possible, 
quam minime multi, Nep. 

fewness: 1. paucitas: f. of (great) 
orators, p. oratorum, Cic.: Caes. or 
raritas (of things far between) : f. of the 
stars (on a clear night), r. stellarum, 
Phin. 2, 18, 16: f. of words, r. dictorum, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 247: Vv. SCARCITY. 

fib: mendacidlum or mendacium- 
cilum: Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 241: V. LIE. 

fibre: 1, fibra: fs of roots, ra- 
dicum f., Cic. Tusc. 3, 6, 13: the veins 
dispersed into extremely minute fs, 





FIDDLE 


fimbrias) dis- 
2. capilla- 
mentum (hair-like) : those plants which 
have not a perpendicular root, support 
themselves by means of a vast rumber 
of f.s, quae rectam non habent radicem, 
plurimis nituntur c., Plin. 19, 6, 31. 
3, filum: v. THREAD. 
fibrous: fibratus: a /. root, fibrata 
(al. fimbriata), radix, Plin. 27, 12, 80: 
Auct. Priap. 
fickle: 1. inconstans: v. mcon- 
SISTENT, INCONSTANT. 2, modbilis, e 
(pliable; quickly changing) : af. dispo- 
sition, m. animus, Cic.: the Gauls are 
Jf. in adopting new measures, Galli sunt 
in consiliis capiendis m., Caes. B. G. 4, 
5: the mob of f. Romans, wm. turba Qui- 
ritium, Hor, Od. 1, 1, 7: @ f. and un- 
reliable race of men, genus hominum 
m., infidum, Sall. Jug. 91. 8, lévis, 
@ (without weight of character) ; women, 
pretty much like children, have f. minds, 
mulieres sunt, ferme ut pueri, levi sen- 
tentia, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 32: V. WORTHLESS 
4, mitabilis: v. CHANGEABLE. §, 
instabilis: v. UNSTABLE. 6, varius 
(poet.): af. and changeable thing ever 
is woman, varium et mutabile semper 
femina, Virg. Aen. 4, 569. . ven- 
tosus (shifting like the wind): the suf- 
Srages of the f. mob, v. suffragia plebis, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 37: Lepidus, a most f. 
person (a perfect weathercocic), Lepidus 
homo ventosissimus, Brut. in Cic. Fam. 
11, 9: af. temper, v. ingenium, Liv. 42, 
30, med. 
ficklely; inconstanter: Cic. 
fickleness: 1, inconstantia: no- 
body will ever separate fortune and f., 
fortunam nemo ab in. [et temeritate] 
sejunget, Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61: v. INCON- 
SISTENCY. Q, mitabilitas: v. CHANGE- 
ABLENEss. Join: inconstantia muta- 
bilitasque |mentis], Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 76: 
Vv. CHANGEABLENESS. 8, mobilitas 
(pliableness and liability to sudden im- 
pulse): f. of character, m. ingenii, Sall.: 
the f. of the mob, m. vulgi, Tac.: the if 
| of Fortune, m, Fortunae, Nep. : 
lévitas (opp. to steadiness and gravity 
of character): what is more disgrace- 
ful than inconstancy, changeableness, f., 
quid est inconstantia, mutabilitate, levi- 
tate turpius? Cic. 5, infirmitas: fear- 
ing the f. of the Gauls, i. Gallorum veri- 
tus, Caes. B. G. 4, 5- 
fictile : fictilis,e - v. EARTHENWARE. 
fiction: 1, commentum (a mere 
invention): the f.s of fancy time de- 
molishes, opinionum commenta delet 
dies, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 5: some f. of a 
marvel, c. aliquid miraculi, Liv. 1, 19. 
9, fabula(historia] ficta et commen- 
ticia: Cic. Off. 3,9, 39: or with only one 
of the adjj.: v. FICTITIOUS. 8, fictum 
(deception): cf. Ov. M. 9, 767. Phr.: 
he blends f. with truth, veris. falsa re- 
miscet, Hor. A. P. 151: to frame f.s, 
mentiri (poet.), Hor. l. c.: a f. of the 
poets, (res) a poetis ficta, Lact. 1, 21, ad 
jin.: the story is an entire f., *mera 
fabula est; omnino ficta, commenticia 
historia est: @ legal f., legis f., Paul. 
Dig. 41, 3, 15. (N.B. Not fictio, except 
in the special sense given: though Lact. 
has fictiones poetarum, 1, 21, ad fin.) 
fictitious: 1. fictus: a f. story, 
f. fabula, Cic.: imaginary and f. gods, 
commenticii et f. dii, Cie, N. D. 2, 28, 
yO. Y, commenticius (invented, ima- 
ginary): Cic.: v. supr. (1), and ma- 
GINARY. 3, commentus: he heaves 
feigned groans and tells of a f. death, 
dw gemitus fictos, c.que funera narrat, 
Ov. 4, falsus: v. FALSE. Phr.: 
to draw arguments from a f. (hypo- 
thetical) case, argumenta a fictione du- 
cere, Quint. 5, 10, 95. 4 
fictitiously: ticté (falsely, feign- 
edly): Cic. Dom. 29, 77- 
fiddle (subs.): fides, is, f.; usu. pl. 
(a stringed instrument ; but the ancients 
did not use the “bow”): Vv. GUITAR. 
N.B. For distinctness sake * violina 
(Med. Lat. giga) must be used (Kraft.). 
fiddle (v.): fidibus (*violina) cano, 
canto: v. TO PLAY (on an instrument). 








FLELD 


fiddle-faddle : 


TRIFLES. 
fiddler: fidicen, fnis, m.; f, fidicina 
(strictly, a player om the fides: v. Fip- 
DLE): Cic.: Hor.: v. LYRIST. 
fiddle-stick: perh. *arcus (violin- 
arius). 


pigae, arum: v. 


fiddle-string: chorda, fides: v. 
STRING. 
fidelity: 1. fidélitas: the f. of 


Friends, f. amicorum, Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 
227, FL Q. fides, éi, 7. (f. objectively 
considered; whereas fidelitas is a 
quality of persons): Caesar commended 
me to your f., Caesar me f. vestrae com- 
misit, Caes. B. C. 2, 32: to display f,, f. 
{constantiamque] praestare, Cic. Phil. 12, 
12, 30: ts this conjugal f., haecne marita 
f.? Prop. 8. constantia (adherence 
to word, engagements): f. and truthful- 
ness in engagements, conventorum c,. et 
veritas, Cic. Off. 1, 7, 23: v. supr. (2). 

fidget (v.): |. !'rans.: sollicito, 
vexo, verso (cf. Enn. in Cic. Sen. init. 
cura quae te coquit et versat): v. To 
WORRY, DISQUIET. ll. Intrans.: 
perh. satago, 3: cf. Quint. 6, 3,54: After 
venuste Mallium Suram in agendo dis- 
cursantem, salientem, manus jactantem, 
non agere, dixit, sed satagere: Petr, 58, 
ad fin. 

fidgetty: inquiétus: v. RESTLEss. 

fiduciary: i. e. held or holding in 
trust: fidiciarius: a f. function, f. 
opera (legati), Caes. B. C. 2, 17. 

fie (interj.) : 1, phui, pby, phu 
(implying disgust: collog.): Pl.: Ter. 

9. pro, proh (with nom. or acc.) : 

Jf. on our senate and altered morals, pro 
curia inversique mores! Hor. Od. 3, 5, 
4: the notion of shame may be more 
fully expr. by pro pudor, Flor. 1, 11: 
Petr.: v. SHAME. 


fief: *feudum: Liber Feud: vy. 
FEup (IL). 
field: |. Agricultural : 1. ager. 


gri (in gen. sense: land for cultivation) : 
a fertile f. (or land), a. fertilis, Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 5, 13: V. LAND, TERRITORY. 


4, | Dimin. agellus: af. of not more than a 


single acre, agellus non major jugero 
uno, Varr. 3, 16, med.: Cic. Also agel- 
lulus: Cat. 9, arvum (arable land) : 
the best f.s have a crumbling soil, op- 
tima putri a. solo, Virg. G. 2, 262: Cic. 
3, pratum: v. MEADOW. |]. Mili- 
tary : 1, campus (a plain; suitable 
for an engagement): to fight a pitched 
battle in a clear and open f., signis col- 
latis dimicare puro ac patenti ¢., Liv. 
24, 14: to encounter in a fair f., aequo 
congredi c., Quint. 12,9, 2. Fig.: the 
(open) f. of equity, Cic. Caec. 29, 84 
, ldcus he Hs cn Caes 

B: C23;93: , (the battle itse Lf) acies, 
proelium, etc. : V. ENGAGEMENT, BATTLE. 
Phr.: in the f., militiae, belli: at home 
and in the f., domi militiaeque, Cic.: 
Liv.; domi bellique, Pl. Capt prol. 68 ; 
belli domique, Sall. Jug. 41 ; ef. Cic. Off 
2, 24, 85: to take the f., ad bellum pro- 
ficisci, Nep. Alcib. 4, tnit.; after winter 
quarters, ex hibernis movere (sc. C0- 
pias), Liv. 27, 39; (copias) ex hibernis 
educere, Caes. B. C. 1, 10: he insisted 
on taking the f. as soon as possible, 
pitebatur ut primo quoque tempore 
castra fierent, Nep. Milt. 4: to come 
off masters of the f., superiores, vic- 
tores discedere (v. TO come orr, II.). 
II]. Scope, range: 1, campus (a 
wide, unoccupied space; a8 an arena) : 
there ts a wide f. in the commonwealth, 
an open course to renown, Magnus est 
in republica c., multis apertus cursus ad 
laudem, Cic. Phil. 14, 6,17: tm this f. 
the orator may roam at large, in hoc c. 
licet oratori vagari libere, Cic. de Or, 3, 
31, 124. Q, locus: what f. are you 
looking for to display your valour, 
quem 1. probandae virtutis tuae spectas? 
Caes. B. G. 5, 44: what f. has art in 
this, in hoc quid habet ars loci, Cic. de 
Oris 252). 5° . area (an occupied 
space) : here is a f. worthy of my,.genius, 
haec animo a. digna meo est, Ov. Am. 3, 
1, 26: a f. for crime, a. scelerum, Cic. 
Att. 9, 18. Phr.: the f. of history is 

297 


FIELD-DAY 





FIG 





uncultivated by us, abest historia a lit- 
teris nostris, Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 5: in the 
f. of science, philosophy, etc., in scientia, 
philosophia, etc., Cic. 

field-day ; *dies quo milites decur- 
runt, exercentur: he celebrated a f. in 
honour of his father, with the legions, 
honori patris ipse cum legionibus decu- 
currit, ac. Ann. 2, 7: the army cele- 
brated a f., armatus exercitus decucur- 
vit, Liv. 25,17: [held a f. of the army 
near Iconium, exercitum lustravi apud 
Iconium, Cic. Att. 5, 20, ad fin.: v. TO 
REVIEW. 

field-fare; turdus pilaris (Bewick). 

field-marshal : nearest term prob. 
impérator : v. GENERAL. 

field-mouse: 1, mus _ agrestis : 
Plin. 10, 65, 85. 9. nitédiila: Cic. 
BSext. 33, 72. 

field-piece; tormentum: v. ARTIL- 
LERY. 

field-sports ; v- HENTING. 

fiend; didbdlus (?): v. DEVIL. 
perh. inimicus (Germ. feind). 

fie .dish; no exact word: perh. im- 
manis is nearest: so atrocious, so f. a 
crime (parricide), tantum facinus, tam 
immane, Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 68: Vv. MON- 
srrous. Phr.: a perfectly f. disposi- 
tion, *ingenium crudelius (atque inhu- 
manius) quam pro hominum natura: v. 
CRUEL. 


Or 


fiendishly; perh. inhimane: v. 
INHUMANLY. 
fierce: 1, atrox, dcis (dark, un- 


relentingly violent or cruel): f. hatred, 
a. odium, Ov. Met. 9, 274: a f. (obsti- 
nate and sanguinury) engagement, a. 
sertamen, Liv. 3,1: very f. vild bulls, 
atrocissimi tauri silvestres, Plin 8, 21, 
3o. Fig.: the f. hour of the blazing 
dog-star, a. hora caniculae fiagrantis, 
Hor. Od. 3, 13, 9. 2, saevus (raging, 
cruel): f. lions, s. leones, Lucr.: Cic. : 
Vv. CRUEL, 3. férox, dcis (implying 
untutored or impetuous courage: often 
in good sense: ci. ferocitas juvenum, 
Cic. Sen. 10, 33: V. HIGH-SPIRITED): @ 
f. boar, f. aper, Virg. Aen. 10, 711: a 
serpent f. with pain, serpens dolore f., 
Ov. Met. 3, 68. Often in sense of over- 
bearing, presumptuous: q. V. 4, fé- 
Tus: Vv. WILD. 5, trux, trictlentus 
(both having chief reference to appear- 
ance): VY. FEROCIOUS. 6, torvus: v. 
STERN, GRIM. 7. asper, éra, érum 
it. rough; hence, actively hostile, pug- 
nacious) : f. (implacably hostile) Juno, 
a. Juno, Virg. Aen. 1, 279: very f. and 
warlike (Carthage), studiis asperrima 
belli, Virg. Aen. 1, 14: f. hatred, a. 
odia, Virg. Aen. 2, 96. 

fierce, to be: 1. saevio, 4: v. 
TO RAGE. 9. férocio, 4: Gell. 

fiercely: 1, atrociter (for syn. v. 
FIERCE): to menace any one f., a. mini- 
tari alicui, Cic.: to inveigh f. against 
any one, a. invehi in aliquem, Liv.: 
Tac. 9, aspere: to accuse any one 
f. and bitterly, a. et acerbe accusare ali- 
quem, Cic.: Vell. 8, saevé (esp. 
poet.): to gleam f. (of eyes), s. micare, 
Ov.: Vv. CRUELLY, SAVAGELY. 4, féro- 
citer: to charge f. against, f. adequitare, 
Liv. 9, 22: to upbraid f., f. increpare, 
P= Cie; 5, torva (neut. pl.), torvum 
(of aspect : poet.) : to eye f., torva tueri, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 467: Stat. 6, tract- 
lenté: Cic.: Quint.: v. FEROCIOUSLY. 

fierceness: 1, atrocitas (for syn. 
Vv. FIERCE): f. of temper, a. animi, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 6, 11: Vv. CRUELTY. 2. sae- 
vitia: f. of dogs, s. canum, Plin. N. H. 
8, 40, 61, ad med.: f. of the enemy, s. 
hostium, Sall, Jug. 7: f. of the sea, 
maris s., Vell. 1, 2,5: V.CRUELTY. 3, 
férocitas, 1érocia (often in good sense ; 
high spirit: the weakness of bo./s and the 
fierce [high] spirit of youth, infirmitas 
puerorum et ferocitas juvenum, Vic. Sen. 
10, 33): often overbearing spirit, ar- 
rogance: to curb any one's f., feroci- 
tatem alicujus comprimere, Cic. Vat. r, 
4, aspéritas: f. and cruelty of 
nature, asperitas, immanitasque na- 
turae, Cic. Am. 23, 87. 5, impétus, 
iis (vehemence): a young man of great 

298 


5 





Ff. for battle, adolescens i. ad bella max- | 


imi, Vell. 2, 55, 2: to withstand such f. 
of the winds, tantos i. ventorum sustin- 
ere, Caes. B. G. 3, 13: to attack others 
with a blind f., in alivs caeco i. incur- 
rere, Cic. Kin. 1, 13, 44. 
Ft. of the tempest, v. tempestatis, Caes. : 
V. VIOLENCE. 

fieriness: iracundia: v. PASSIONATE- 
NESS, ARDOUR. 

fiery: |. Of fire; having the na- 
ture of fire: 1, igneus: the f. sun, 
i. sol, Virg. G. 4, 426° f. summer, i. 
aestas, Hor. Od. 1, 17, 2: gems of a f. 
hue, gemmae i. colore, Plin. 8, 38, 57. 
Fig.: f. vigour (of the soul), i. vigor, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 730: Ov. 2. igniter, 
éra, rum (jire-bearing: poet.): 
lightning, i. fulmen, Lucr.: Ov. 5 
fervidus (charged with glowing heat): 
J. Etna, ft. Aetna, Hor. Epod. 17, 32. 
Fig.: more f. wine, fervidius merum, 
Hor. Epod. 11, 15: V¥. GLOWING. 4, 
ardens, ntis (burning ; on fire): J. South 
winds, «. Austri, Plin.: Hor. Fig.: f. 


eyes, a. oculi, Virg. G. 4, 451: cups of f.| § 
Fale: nian, a. Falerni pocula, Hor. Od. | 


2, 11, £9. 5, flammeus (strictly, con- 
sisting of flame or fire): the stars are 
of af. nature, stellae sunt natura flam- 
meae, Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 118. Fig.: f. 
eyes, lumina f., Ov. I]. Fig.: tm- 
petuous, eager : 1, ardens, ntis: a f. 
speaker, a, orator, Cic. Or. 28, 99: Vv. 
ARDENT, EAGER 2, véhémens, ntis 
(energetic and vehement): Galba, even 
in practising (rhetoric), f. and excited, 
Galba etiam in meditando v. atque in- 
census, Cic. Br. 22, 88: a f. kind of 
oratury, Vv. orationis genus, Cic. de Or. 
2, 49, 200. 3. fervidus: a f. kind of 
speaking, f. genus dicendi, Cic. Br. 68, 
241: a man of f. spirit, f. animi vir, Liv. : 
Cat.: v. FERVID. 4, calidus (poet.): 
Ff. Gradivus, c. Gradivus, Sil. : a horse of 
F. spirit, equus calidus animis, Virg. G. 3, 
119. 5, férox, ocis (high spirited and 
impetuous: usu. to excess): he was in 
temperament f. and impetuous, natura 
f., vehemens erat, Sall. Cat. 44, jin.: you 
are too violent and f. by nature, nimi- 
um es vehemens f.-que natura, Cic. Vat. 
2, 4: Liv. 6, cérebrosus: v. CHO- 
Leric. N.B.—Ferox is esp. applicable to 
the fiery, undisciplined courage of half- 
civilised people: cf. Tac. Agr. 11, ad fin. 

fiery-eyed: ardentes oculos habens 
ardentibus oculis: v. FrERY (I. 4). 

fiery-footed: ignipes, pédis: Ov. 

fife: tibia: the shrill f., t. acris, 
Hor.: v. FLUTE. 

fifer: tibicen, inis, m.; tibicina, f. : 
Vv. FLUTE-PLAYER. 

fifteen: quindécim: f. times, quin- 
décies, Cic.: f. a-piece, quini deni, Liv. 
Phr.: there is a f-fold return from the 
seed, €X semine cum quinto decimo redit, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 44: the f. (a board of 
officers), quindecimviri, Liv. 

fifteenth ; quintus decimus, Liv. 
(only in late writers, quindecimus). A 
soldier of the f. legion, (miles) quinta- 
decimanus, lac. Hist. 4, 36. 

fifth (adj.): quintus: to be registered 
every f. year, 4. quoque anno censeri, 
Cic.: for the f. time, quintum, quinto, 
Liv. Phr.: a soldier of the f. legion, 
quintanus (miles), [ac.: happening 
ever'y f. year, quinquennalis, Cic. de Or. 
3, 32, 127. 

fifth (subs.): quinta pars: three f.s 
of an hour, q. partes horae tres (Georg.). 
Af. in music, symphonia diapente (dca 
mevte), Vitr. 5, 4, 7+ 

fifthly ; quintum, quinto: cf. FIRsT 
(adv.). 

fiftieth; quinquagésimus: Cic. 

fifty; quinquaginta. Distrib., f. 
a-piece, quinquageni, ae, a, Cie: 
times, quinquagies, Plin.: consisting of 
f., quinquagenarius : e. g., a herd con- 
sisting of f. mares, equarum grex quin- 
quagenarius, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, ad jin.: 
a jar holding J. (congii), dolium quin- 
quagenarium, Cato. 

fig: |. The fruit: 1, ficus, i 
and us, f.: Cic.: Hor.: f.-seeds, fici 
grana, Cic.: Plin.: f.-wine, vinum e fico 


6. vis, f.: | 


the f. | 
3 


FIGURATION 








factum (= sycites, ae, m.), Plin. 14, 16, 
19. 9. grossus, i, ¢. (unripe): Cels.: 
Plin. Dimin. grossulus, a small green 
J., Col. 3, carica (a died f.: strictly 
from Caria): Ov. Fast. 1, 185: the fem. 
adj. Caunea (qf Caunus), was also used 
substantively: cf. Cic. Div. 2, 40, 84. 
| Phr.: not to carea f. for anything, ali- 
| quid flocei facere or non facere; aliquid 
pili aestimare: v. STRAW (phr.). It. 
The tree: 1, ficus, i and ts, f.: Cic. : 
Plin. 2. (the wild f.) caprificus (or, 
as two words, capri ficus): Col.: Plin. 
Phr.: a plantation of f.s, ficetum, 
Varr.: Plin.; ficaria, Pall.: jf. wood, 
ligna ficulnea, Varr.: a f. trunk, ficul- 
nus truncus, Hor.: the /. gallinsect 
ticarius culex, Plin. 11, 35, 41. 
fig-pecker: ficédiila: Varr.: Pim. 
fight (v.): 1, pugno, 1 (most gen. 
term): tof. very bravely, fortissime p., 
Caes.: Cic.: to f. on horseback, ex equo 
p., Cic. Very often used in pass. tm- 
pers.: both sides fought well, acriter 
pugnatum est ab utrisque: comp. L. G. 
632. 2, depugno, 1 (to f. hard; to 
the death): To: quatus fought in single 
combat (a Youtrance) with a Gaul, Tor- 
quatus cum Gallo depugnavit, Cic. Fin. 
2, 22, 73: Caes. Esp. of combats of 
. gladiators, where one party was nearly 
certain to be killed : hence fig., one pair 
is left to f. it out, pleasure and virtue, 
unum par quod depugnet reliquum est, 
voluptas cum honestate, Cic. Acad. 2 
46, 140. 3. propugno, t (to f. in de- 
Fence of ): tof. in defence of one’s off- 
spring, pro suo partu p., Cic. Fig.: to 
f. for justice, pro aequitate p., Cic. Off. 
I, 19; 62. 4, dimico, avi and ui, 
atum, 1 (strictly, to brandish weapons ; 
hence often used with armis, ferro, acie, 
eic.): to f. for one’s country, ferro pro 
patria d., Liv. 1, 24: to f. a battle, acie, 
proelio d., Caes.; also in acie d., Caes. 
B. G. 7, 64; and absol., Caes. B. G. 5, 
16. Fig.: to f. for honour and glory, 
de honore et gloria d., Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83. 
5, proelior, 1 (strictly, in a pitched 
battle): the legions were f.ing on the 
very banks of the river, legiones in ipsis 
fluminis ripis proeliabantur, Caes. B. G. 
2, 23: Curio fell f.ing, C. proelians 
interficitur, Caes. ig.: I fought my 
battle keenly and vigorously (in the 
Senate), acriter et vehementer proeli- 
atus sum, Cic. Att. 1, 16, init. 6. 
certo, concerto, I (applicable to any 
kind of strife or struggle): to f. with 
Jists, heels, nails, even with the teeth, 
pugnis, calcibus, unguibus, morsu deni- 
que c., Cic. ‘l'usc. 5, 27, 77: ¥- TO CON- 
TEND. 7, bello, 1 (strictly distin- 
guished from pugno as bellum from 
pugna; but used poet. = pugno): to f. 
with the caestus, caestu b., Stat.; with 
the hand, manu b., Sil. Cf. Hor. Od. 1, 
18, 8: rixa super mero debellata, a 
quarrel fought out over the cups. 5 
digladior, 1 (with sword or dagger): to 
JF. with daggers, inter se sicis d., Cic. 
Fin. 3,9, 20. Fig.- they may f. away 
for all I care, digladientur per me licet, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 21, 47- Phr.: tof. @ 
battle, proelium edere, committere ; 
proelio congredi, etc. (¥. BATTLE; TO 
ENGAGE): to f. one’s way through the 
midst of the enemy, per medios hostes 
perrumpere, Caes. B. G. 5, 40. 
fight (subs.): pugna, certamen: Vv. 
BATTLE, CONTEST. 





fighter: pugnator, praeliator: v 
COMBATANT. 

fighting (subs.): expr. by ger. etc., 
of verbs under To FicHT: fond of f., 
pugnandi cupidus, Cic.: the f. could not 
possibly have been more severe, ita pug- 
natum est, ut acrius non posset pug- 
nari, Cic. Fam. 10, 30. Sometimes the 
pl. of pugna, proelium, will express it 
(cf. L. G. § 591): wearted with f., *de- 
fessus pugnis, proeliis: v. BATTLE. 

fighting-cock: gallinaceus pyctes, 
Col. 8, 2; appy. a jocose expr. for avie 
rixosa, l. c. infr. 

figment: commentuin (e. g. opini 
onis): V. FICTION. 

figuration: figuratio: Plin. 





FIGURATIVE 





figurative: 1. translatus (¢rans- 
ferred from one application to another) : 
every thing is described in f. language, 
Sor the sake of effect, omnia, quo essent 
clariora, translatis per similitudinem 
verbis dicta sunt, Cie. de Or. 3, 39, 157- 
Join: translata et aliena papel: opp. 
to propria et sua, Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 149. 
2. assumptus: f. expressions, as- 
sumpta verborum proprietas, Quint. 10, 
I, 121. Phr.: to use a f. expression, 
verba [alicujus rei propria] in aliam 
rem transferre, Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167: 
af. mode of speech, traductio et immuta- 
tio, Cic. de Or. l.c.: the same is expressed 
in a@ more ornamental manner by f. 
language, inflexo commutatoque verbo 
res eadem enuntiatur ornatius, Cic.: a@ 
f. style, *dictio translationibus, traduc- 
tionibus, immutationibus verborum dis- 
tincta atque ornata. 
figuratively: Phr.: to speak f., 
translatis [per similitudinem] verbis lo- 
qui; per translationem dicere: v. pre- 
ced. art. (Metaphoricé, tropicé, should 
be reserved for critical language.) 
figure (subs.) : |. Shape, outline : 
1, figira (most gen. term) the 
human f. surpasses the form of all 
other animals, omnium animantium 
formam vincit hominis f., Cic. N. D. 1, 
18, 48: V. SHAPE. 9. facies, @i (of 
human beings): the beautiful woman 
is she whose entire f. wins admiration, 
formosa es! cujus universa f. admira- 
tionem abstulit, Sen. Ep. 33, 5: esp. of 
the face, q. v. 3, forma (any form) : 
the female f., muliebris f., Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 
1: Vv. FoRM. Mathemat.: (Archimedes) 
intent on the f.s he had drawn in the 
dust, intentus formis quas in pulvere 
descripserat, Liv. 25, 31: V. DIAGRAM. 
4, conformatio, Cic.: Vv. SHAPE. 
Phr.: tocuta f., partes agere (to play 
a part): uhat af. he cut, *qualem per- 
sonam et quam indignam suscepit! v. 
CHARACTER (V1.). ||. In painting or 
sculpture : 1, signum (representa- 
tion of something): a f. painted on the 
wall, s. pictum in pariete, Pl. Merc. 2, 
2, 44: @ robe stiff vith (embroidered) 
Js and gold, palla signis auroque rigida, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 648: see also STATUE. 
Dimin. sigilla, orum (only pl.), small 
fs: a dish with admirable f.s, patella 
in qua s. erant egregia, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 
48: adorned with such f.s, sigillatus, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 14, 32. 2. typus (in 
relief): f.s to let into plaster, typi qui 
in tectorio possint includi, Cic. Att. 1, 
to: Plin. 8, embléma, atis (a kind 
of moveable figured decoration): Cic.: 
v. Dict. Ant. s. v. [|], In rhetoric: 
1, figtra (including any f. of 
speech): Quint. 9, I, I. 2. translatio 
(a@ metaphor): f.s were introduced 
through poverty of speech, verbi tr. insti- 
tuta est inopiae causa, Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 
155: V. FIGURATIVE, FIGURATIVELY. 
- figure (v.): fingo, 3: v. TO FORM, 
IMAGINE. 
figured (part. adj.): i. e. adorned 
with figures : 1, sigillatus: f. cups, 
scyphi s., Cic. Verr. 4, 14, 32. : 
caelatus (wrought with a graving tool, 
chased): J. vessels ( plate), c. vasa, Liv.: 
v. TO CHASE. 
filament: caipillamentum, filum : 
V. FIBRE, THREAD. 
filbert; perb. nux avellana, Plin. 15, 
22, 24. (The f.-tree is a variety of 
corylus avellana, Linn.) 
filch: i.e. to steal slily : 1, sur- 
Tipio, ripui, reptum, 3: to f. a single 
peck of beans out of a thousand, de 
mille fabae modiis unum s., Hor.: Cic. 
2, suppilo, 1: to f. any one’s 
mantle, pallam alicui s., Pl. 8, suf- 
furor, t: joined with suppilo, Pl. Tr. 2, 
4, 15: V. TO STEAL. 
file (subs.): |, For receiving papers : 
perh. filum (cui inseruntur schedae (sche- 
dulae) ad conservar.das eas}: or scapus, 
a kind of roller for papers: cf. Ptin. 
13, 12, 23, ad fin. [|]. In milit. sense ; 
a line of troops in depth: ordo, inis, 
m.: Caes.: Cic.: Vv. RANK. Phr.: 
rank and f., wilites. II]. Zhe tool 


FILL 


so called: 1, lima: the viper bit the 
J., vipera 1. momordit, Phaedr.: to 
polish anything with the f., lima ali- 
quid polire, Plin. Fig.: f.-work, i. e. 
elaboration, labor limae, Hor. A. P. 
291. Q, scdbina: used by carpenters, 
as the lima by smiths: Varr. L. L. 7, 
3, 68, scobina fabrilis lima est: cf. Plin. 
II, 37, 68. 

file (v.): |. To put papers upon a 
J.: perh *schedas tilo inserere, in scapo 
involvere: v. FILE (subs.) Il. Zo rub 
with the tool so called : 1, limo, 1: 
to f. precivus stones, gemmas 1., Plin. 





9. polio, 4 (implying the use of a 
Jime file): v. preced. art. (1L1.); and | 
TO POLISH. Ii]. Zo bring an action 
against: intendo, 3: v. ACTION. 

filial; chiefly in phr., f. duty, affec- 
tion, etc.: piétas: justice towards the 
gous is called religion, towards parents 
j. duty, justitia erga deos religio, erga 
parentes p. nominatur, Cic. Part. 22, 78: 
the last offices of f. affection, sollennia 
pietatis, Tuc. Phr.: it is a f. duty, 
filiorum or Tiberorum est: v. L. G. § 


260. 

filially ; pié, Cic.: most f., cum 
summa pietate: vy. preced art. 

filigree: perk. diatréta, 
Mart. 12, 70, 9. 

filings : 1, scdbis, is, and scobs, 
bis, /.: ivory f., eboris s., Cels.: goldf., 
s. auri, Lampr.: copper f., s. aeris de- 
limata, Plin. Q, expr. by perf. part. of 
limo: lead f., plumbum limatum, Plin. 


fill (v): A, Trans.: fj, Lit.: 
to make full: 1. impleo, vi, e:um, 
2 (usu. with. acc. and abl. ; also uce. and 
gen.): she f..d a bowl with wine, im- 
plevit pateram mero, Virg.: to J. a pot 
with denaries, ollam denariorum i., Gc. 
Fam. y, 18: Virg.: waxing moons f. 
out the shell-fish, nascentes i. conchylia 
lunae, Plin.: Neptune f.’d the sails with 
auspicious gales. Neptunus ventis im- 
plevit vela secundis, Virg. See also 
inf. (A1.). 2. compleo, évi, Etum, 2 
(to f. completely : sane constr. as pre- 
ced.): they f. up the trenches with jug- 
gots and bushes, fossas sarmentis et 
virgultis complent, Liv.: a prison f.’d 
with traders, completus mercatorum 
carcer, Cic.: tof. @ pa,e (with writing), 
paginam c., Cic. Att. 13, 34: they f. the 
whole plain, onmnem planitiem complent, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 79. 8. expleo, 2: v. 
TO FILL UP. ra repleo, 2 (strictly, to 
f. again, sometimes simply to jill): to 
Ff. oneself with food, se esca r., Pl.: tof. 
the plains with carnage, campos strage 
hominum r., Liv. 9, 40, ad med. i 
oppleo, 2 (to f. to choking): Pl.: Varr. 
6, suppleo, 2 (tof. up what is lacle- 
ing): V. TO FILL UP, SUPPLY. 7. cil- 
miulo, 1: Vv. TO HEAP, PILE. 8, oc- 
capo, 1 (to take possession of, cover): to 
JF. the Tyrrhene sea with hewn stone, 
Tyrrhenum mare caementis 0., Hor. Od. 
Ey ee: eh fl. Te vade; as sounds, 
ete. : 1, compleo, 1: the sound f.s 
the eay’s, sonus aures ¢., Cic. Rep. 6, 18: 
Hor. Q. repleo, 2: to f. the groves 
and mountains with moaning, nemora 
ac montes gemitu r., Lucr. 5, 992. sy 
impleo, 2: they f. the rocks with lacry- 
mose cries, scopulos implent lacrymosis | 
vocibus, Virg. Aen. II, 274. . cél- 
ebro, concélebro, 1 (of sounds repeated 
again and again): my ears are every 
day fd with rumours, fama, nuntiis 
celebrantur aures quotidie meae, Cic. 
Prov. Cons. 9, 22: esp. poet., to f. all 
the street with song, cantu conc. omnem 
plateam, Pl. Cas. 4, 3, 2: V. TO PER- 
VADE. Ill. Zo inspire with some 
emotion : 1, impleo, 2: to f. the 
multitude with unfounded expectation, 
multitudinem exspectatione vana i, 
Liv. 32, 29: Hor. 2. compleo, 2 
(stronger than preced.): to f. any one 
vith joy, aliquem gaudio c., Cic. Fin. 5, 
24,69: rarely in this sense with gen.: J 
will f. them with delusion, erroris illos 
complebo, Pl. Amph 1, 2, 9. ; 
expleo, 2 (rare in this sense): Ter.: v. 
TO SATISFY. 4, repleo, 2 (rare in 
oy 


orum : 











FILM 





this sense): tof. one’s count: y « uth joy. 
patriam laetitiur., Vell.2, 103,1. §, 
perfundo, fiidi, sum, 3 (lit. to drench, 
bathe with: a strong expr.): ye gods! 
what horror J.’d me, dii immortales. qui 
me horror perfudit! Cic. Att. 8, 6: fo 
be f.’d (beyond measure) with joy, gau- 
dio perfundi, Liv. 6. injicio, jéci, 
jectum, 3 (lit. to put into: withace. and 
dat.): V. TO INSPIRE WITH. IV. To 
discharge an office: fungor (with abl), 
géro: V.TO DISCHARGE, FULFIL. B. 
Intrans.: to become full: expr. by 
pass. reflect. of compleo, impleo, et 
the ditches f., implentur fossae, Virg. &. 
1, 376: or invert the sentence, express- 
ing by the act. voice: the ships of war 
were f.ing with water as the tide came 
in, naves longas aestus complebat, Cues. 
B.G. 4, 29. Phr.: the hold fs with 
water, haurit alvus aquas, Ov, Fast, 3, 
492; vavis imbrem (aquam) accipit, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 123. 

fill in: inséro, ui, rtum, 3: v. 
INSERT. 


™ 





out: 1, impleo, 2. moderate 
exercise f.s out the body (makes it stout), 
im. corpus modica exercitatio, Cels.: v. 
TO FILL (A, 1.). Q. timéfacio, inflo: 
V. TO SWELL, INFLATE. 
uD: I. expleo, 2 they f. up 
the ditch with the material of the mound, 
fossam aggere explent, Caes. B.G. 4, 
719: I have fd up four ubole pages 
(with writing), explevi totas ceras qua- 
tuor, Pl. Cure. 3, 40. Fig.: to f.upa 
number, numerun ex., Caes.: to f. up 
a deficiency, quod deest ex., Cic. Br. 42, 
154. 2. compleo, 2 (to f. completely) : 
y. To FILL (A, 1.). 3. suppleo, 2 (esp. 
to make up a deficiency): J. up the 
basket from time to time, fiscellam sup- 
pleto identidem, Cato, R. R. 88: the 
hollow wrinkles are and up, cavae sup- 
plentur rugae, Ov. Met. 4, 291. Fig. 
to f. up the gaps (lit. losses) in Uv 
army, s. damna exercitus, Tac. Ann. |, 

1 (cf. legiones supplemento explevit, 

Iv. I, 30). 

filled (part. adj.) : ]. réfertus 
(with abl. or gen.): Italy was once J. 
with Pythagoreans, r. quondam Pytha- 
goreorum fuit, Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154: ¥ 
FULL. 9, satur (of guests that have 
taken enough): Vv. FULL, SATISFIED. 

fillet: |. For the hair: 5 
Vitta (whether worn religiously or not): 
to bind the hair with a f., vincire vitta 
comas, Prop. 4, 11, 34: the f. of a maid 
(worn prior to marriage), virginea V., 
Val. Fl. Esp. as decorating pries/s, 
victims, suppliants, altars: matrons 
graced with the suppliant f., decorae s. 
vittae matres, Hor. Od. 3, 14, 8: altars 
gloomy with dark f.s, arae caeruleis 
moestae vittis, Virg. Aen. 3, 64. Hence, 
wearing a f.. vittatus: hair bound with 
a f., v. capilli, Ov.: Lucan. Q. in- 
fiila (only religious): to bind the temples 
with a J., tempora infula redimire, Virg. 
Aen. 10, 538: often pl., priesis with 
fs and sacred herbs, sacerdotes cum 
infulis ac verbenis, Cie. Verr. 4, 50, 
IIo. 3, fascia, rédimicilum (appli- 
cable to any kind of head-band): v. 
BAND. II. Architectural: 1, ex- 
pressio: Vitr. 4, 4, Jin. 9, taenia 
(in Doric arch.) : Vitr. 4, 3, 4 

fillip (subs.): i.e. a rap with the 
Jinger, talitrum, Suet. Tib. 68. 

fillip (v.): Phr.: to f. a person on 
the head, alicujus caput talitro ferire: 
v. preced. art. l.c. Or perb. vellico, 1 
(to give a pull, to twitch): cf. Quint. 
6, I, 41. 

filly ; @quiila: Varr. 

m: ], membrana (thin skin): 

fs given off the surface of things, m. 
summo de corpore rerum dereptae, 
Lucr. 4, 44 (51). Dimin. membranila 
(a very fine, thin skin), Cels. 2, in 
fig. sense : caligo, inis, f. (lit. dimness : 
a film-like obstacle to vision): there has 
been a f. over my eyes, mi ob oculos e. 
obstetisse, Pl. Mil. 2. 4, 51. 8. niibes, 
is, J. (lit a cloud: like preced.): J will 
vemove the f. which dims thy mortal 
vision, omnem n. quae mortales hebetat 


299 





FILMY 


FIND 


FINE 


’ 


i nS nanan 


visus tibi eripiam, Virg. Aen. 2, 606: 
“tf our understanding have a f. of ig- 
norance over ié” (Milt.), *si mentis acies 
nube quadam ignorantiae obducta sit. 
filmy; membranae (membranulae) 
Miaturam habens. In fig. sense, obsct- 
Tus, caliginOsus : v. DIM, DARK. 
filter, filtrate: |, Trans.: do 
through a filter: 1, colo, 1: 
Re carth f.ing the water, terra (aquam) 
colante, Plin. 31, 3, 23: Col: v. TO 
strain. Also comp. percolo, to /. 
through, Plin.: Cato. 9. liquo, 1 (to 
clear) : f.’d water, liquatae aquae, Plin. 
31, 3, 22: Hor. (who uses it of straining 
wine when decanted, Od. 1, 11, 6). 
3. sacco, t (artificially ; by a bag) : 
fd water, saccata aqua, Sen. Kp. 86, 
Io: Plm. 4, castro, 1 (of wine only 5 
as it loses strength by the process) : to f. 
wines, vina saccoc, Plin.18,7,17- Wh 
Intrans.: to be strained through, per- 
color, I: Vv. TO PERCOLATE. 
filter (subs.) : 1, liquatorium (a 
wine-strainer) : Coel. Aur. 9. sac- 
cus (a kind of bag): v. preced. art. (3, 
4): Plin. See also STRAINER. 
filtering: percolatio: Vitr. 8, 6, (7), 
n. 
filth: . Lit.: 1, coenum 
(gen. term: offensive mire): f. of 
sewers, c. cloacarum, Cic.: Col.: be- 
smeared with f., coeno oblitus, Cic.: v. 
TO BESMEAR. Fig.: to wallow in gloom 
and f., in tenebris volvi c.que, Lucr. 
rt aipb 9. sordes, is, f.; usu. pl. (f. 
resulting from uncleanly habits : but. 
oftener in fig. sense : v. MEANNESS) : €a7's 
suffering from accumulated f., auriculae 
collecta s. dolentes, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 53: 
let the nails be free from f., sint sine 
sordibus ungues, Ov. A. A.1, 519. Freq. 
a term of contempt: amongst the f. and 
dregs of the city, apud sordem urbis et 
faecem, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 6. 8, squalor 
(a state of personal shabbiness and 
dirt): covered with f. and dust, s. ple- 
nus ac pulveris, Cic. Verr. 3, 12, 31: 
clothes covered with f., vestis squalore 
obsita, Liv. 2, 23, ad init. 4, paedor 
(personal offensive state: stronger than 
_ preced.): limbs disgustingly covered 
with f., membra paedore horrida, Lucr. 
6, 1269: disgusting f., foedus p., Sen.: 
cf. Cic. 'Tusc. 3, 12, 26. 5, colliivies, 
@i; also colliivio, Onis (strictly, that 
which has been washed together ; a mass 
of impurity): a sewer is a hollow place 
through which the f. flows, cloaca est 
locus cavus per quem colluvies fluit, 
Ulp. Dig. 43, 22, 1: f. of sewers, collu- 
viones cloacarum, Arnob.: Cic. (who 
uses the word fig.: cf. Cic. Sen. 23, 85). 
G, illiivies, éi (as resting wpon any- 
thing): covered with f. and dust, illuvie 
ac squalore obsitus, Tac. 7. litum 
(mud of any kind: Vv. DIRT, MIRE): PI. 
, Fig.: moral impurity: im- 
puritas, foeditas, obscaenitas: v. OB- 
SCENITY, IMPURITY. 
filthily ; foedé, spurcé: v. FOULLY. 
filthiness: |. Lit.: 1, foe- 
ditas : v. FOULNESS : 9, squalor: v. 
FILTH (I, 3). |]. Fig.: moral im- 
purity : obscaenitas, etc. : v. FILTH (IL.). 
filthy : J. Lit: 1, immun- 
dus: f. touch (of the Harpies) contactus 
i., Virg. Aen. 3, 228. 9. sordidus : 
Vv. DIRTY. 3. spurcus (nasty): things 
f. in appearance and smell, quae spurca 
sunt aspectu et odore, Lucil. in Non. ; 
af. vessel, s. [atque pollutum] vas, Gell. 
Often used as term of contempt: you 
most covetous and f. fellow, homo ava- 
rissime et spurcissime, Hor.: Cic. Verr. 
2, I, 37, 94: Mart. 4, litilentus 
(muddy. living in mud): the f. swine, 
1. sus, Hor. 5, foedus (offensive in 
any way): V. FOUL, DISGUSTING. Ih. 
Fig.: inmoral sense: 1, obscaenus: 
Ve OBSCENE. Q, inquinatus (polluted) : 
most f. conversation, inquinatissimus 
sermo, Cic. Verr. 3, 26, 65: Vv. IMPURE, 
3, liitiilentus (rare): that f., im- 
pure, hateful character, persona illa L., 
tmpura, invisa, Cic. Rosc. Com. 17, 21 
filtration: percolatio: Vitr. 
fin: pinna: Plin. 9, 13, 15. 
300 








final: ultimus. extrémus: v. LAstT, 
EXTREME. Join: extremum atque 
ultimum Senatus consultum, Caes. B.C. 
1,5- Phr.: a f. cause, *ea causa quae 
finem spectat : *causa finalis, (as phil. 
t. t.: in diff. sense, Donat. ad Ter. Eun. 


finally: 1, postréme: all cities, 
lands, nay kingdoms, f. even your reve- 
nues have been put up for sale, omnes 
urbes, agri, regna denique, p. vectigalia 
vestra venierunt, Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 62. 
9, dénique (often not in strict 
sense, but = moreover, as in preced. ex. : 
freq. in appeals): f. what have we left, 
except. ..? d. quid reliqui habemus 
praeter ...., Sall. Cat. 21. 3, ad 
extremum: i.e. at last: q.v. 4. 
in winding up adiscourse : quod super- 
est, quod reliquum est (=as for the 
rest): Cic. Att. 9, 19: cf. Cic. Fam. 
7, 31. 
finance: expr. by aerarium: the 
department of f., cura aerarii, Suet. Cl. 
24: in this embarrassed state of the f.s, 
in his aerarii angustiis, Cic. Agr. 2, 14, 
36 (cf. publicae pecuniae angustiae, Cic. 
Fam. 12, 30, ad = 
financial: ad aerarium ([fiscum] 
pertinens (v. preced. art., and TREA- 
sury). Phr.: theadministration of the 
f. department, cura tabularum publi- 
carum (cf, Tac. Ann. 13, 28: ne multam 
quaestores aerarii in publicas tabulas 


referrent): a board of five for f. re-| 


form, quinqueviri minuendis sumptibus 
publicis, Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 9. 

finch: fringilla, Varr.: Mart. 

find: 1, invénio, véni, ntum, 
4 (to light upon; with or without 
search): neither at home nor in the city 
dol f. any one who.. 
neque in urbe invenio quenquam, qui, 
etc, PL: he f.s the ships ready to sail, 
naves ad navigandum paratas invenit, 
Caes. B.G. 5, 5: I f. this (stated) in 
authors, id apud auctores invenio, Liv. 
2,8. Less freq. with acc. and inf.: he 
found from the prisoner's that the river 
was not more than 10 miles off, invenie- 
bat ex captivis flumen non amplius mil- 
lia passuum X abesse, Caes. B, G. 2, 16. 
See also TO FIND OUT. 


the notion of getting or recovering some- 
thing; oftener after search): to f. a 
treasure, thesaurum r., Pl.: Glycerium 
has found her parents, Glycerium suos 


parentes repperit, Ter. And. 5, 6, 5: a| 
very few, falling in with some boats, 


found safety, perpauci lintribus inventis 
sibi salutem repererunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 
53: it is very hard to f. true friend- 
ships, verae amicitiae diificillime reperi- 
untur, Cic. Freq. of ascertaining by 
search : respecting their manners Caesar 


found as follows, quorum de moribus 


Caesar sic reperiebat, Caes. B. G. 2, 15: 
in other respects we shall be found equal, 
ceteris rebus‘’ pares reperiemur, Cic. 
Am. 17, 64. 3. nanciscor, nactus, 3 


(to get, fall in with, by good fortune) : | 
tof. a person disengaged, aliquem otio- | 


snm p., Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 14: to f. huge 
game, immanes belluas venando n., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 64, 161: Caes.: v. TO GET. 

4, offendo, di, sum, 3 (to hit upon, 
meet with): to f. a person unprepared, 
aliquem imparatum of., Cic. Fam. 2, 3: 
we found her busy at the loom, texen- 
tem studiose ipsam offendimus, Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3,44. Less freq. with ref. to 
inanimate objects: Terentius, while hoe- 
ing his field, found a chest, T. agrum 
repastinans, arcam offendit (struck wpon 
it), Plin, 13, 13,27: you will not f. the 
same feeling among good citizens, non 
offendes eundem bonorum sensum, Cic. 
Fam. 1, 9, med. Phr.: to f. pleasure 
in anything, voluptatem capere ex ali- 
qua re (v. TO DERIVE, FEEL): to f. @ 
man guilty, damnare (v. TO CONDEMN) : 
to f. fault, vituperare, accusare (Vv. TO 
BLAME; and FAULT): to f. by experi- 
ence, experiri (vV. TO EXPERIENCE): not 
to be found (not forthcoming), non com- 
parere, Cic. Clu. 64, 180. 


., neque domi 


2. répério, | 
péri (reppéri), pertum, 4 (usu. with | 


find out: 1, compério, péri, 
rtum, 4 (to obtain information by 
search: foll. by direct acc., or acc. and 
inf.) : tof. out and detect a crime, faci- 
nus c. atque deprehendere, Cic. (v. TO DE- 
TECT): they found out that a bridge was 
building, pontem fieri compererunt, 
Caes.: v. TO DISCOVER. 2. cognosco, 
novi, nitum, 3: V. TO ASCERTAIN. at 
invénio, 4: v. TO FIND (1, fin.). 4. 
réscisco, ivi, itum, 3 (to f. out what was 
concealed): whence has he found out 
this, unde haec hic rescivit? Ter. Phor. 
5, 7, 5: as it is on the stage, where 
everybody f.s out everything, ut in co- 
moediis ubi omnes omnia r., Ter. Hec. 


53) Se he 5, répério, 4: v. TO DIS- 
COVER. 

finder: 1, inventor, f. -trix: 
Ter: Cie. 2. répertor, f. -trix: 
Hor.: Varr. (Or expr. by verb: to 


offer a reward to the f., *praemium 
promittere ei, quicunque invenerit.) 
fine (adj.): |. Opp. to coarse; in 
texture : 1, subtilis, e (striclly of 
thread for weaving): a f. thread, s. 
filum, Luer.: 7. flour, s. farina, Plin. 


Sf. toga (f. in the thread), toga tenuis- 
| sima filo, Ov. A. A. 3, 445: f. hair, t. 
| comae, Tib. Fig.: f., keen discrimi- 
nation, t. acuta distinctio, Cic. Acad. 2, 
14, 43. Strengthened, pertenuis, very 
f.: very f. sand, pert. sabulum, Plin.: 
also praetenuis, Plin. 8. vescus (con- 
sisting of small particles: rare): f. 
salt, v. sal, Lucr. 1, 327. i. Pure, 
unalloyed: ptrus: f. gold, p. aurum, 
Plin.: Virg.: Vv. PURE. ill. Hand- 
some, making a show: 1, praeclarus: 
a city with a f. situation, urbs situ 
praeclaro, Cic. Verr. 4, 52, 119: f. fea- 
tures, p. vultus, Lucr, 4, 1030: v. DIs- 
TINGUISHED, FAMOUS. 2, bellus (« 
general term of praise, with various 
applications): a f. theatre, b. theatrum, 
Cic. Att. 13, 20: very f. wine, bellissi- 
mum vinum, Col. 12, 19, 2: i is a f. 
thing (to do this or that), bellum est, 
Cic. Att. 13, 49. 3. splendidus: v. 
SPLENDID. 4, pulcher, chra, chrum 
(handsome): what finer sight can there 
be, quid potest esse aspectu pulchrius ? 
Cic.: who thought it a f. thing to sleep 
till mid-day, cui p. fuit in medios dies 
dormire, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 30. 5, lepi- 
dus (strictly, graceful, elegant: freq. in 
collog. language): a f. old gentleman, 
l. senex, PL: a very f. (nice) fellow, 
homo lepidissimus, Pl. 6, magnifi- 
cus: V. MAGNIFICENT. IV. Refined, 
elegant: Phr.: the f. arts, artes ele- 
gantes et ingenuae (but this includes all 
the branches of liberal knowledge : cf. 
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 4); more precisely, *artes 
| elegantiores: a f. gentleman, homo ele- 
| gans, urbanus (V. REFINED, ELEGANT} 
homo omni vita atque victu excultus 
atque politus, Cic. Br. 25, 95; ad un- 
guem factus, Hor. S. 1, 5, 32. 
Serene, without storms: sérénus, sidus 
v. Farr (III.). ‘YJ. Ironically: bénus, 
praeclarus, etc.: Of: guardian and de- 
Sender of the province, bone custos de- 
feusorque provinciae, Cic. Verr. 5, 6, 
12: a f. pair of brothers, par nobile 
fratrum! Hor. S. 2, 3, 243. 

fine (subs.): 1, multa or mulcta: 
an immediate f. of 500,000 asses was 
imposed upon each state, m. praesens 
quingenum millium aeris in singulas 
civitates imposita est, Liv. 10, 39: to 
incur a f.,m. committere, Cic. Clu. 37, 
103: to propose a f. against any one, 
m. alicui irrogare, Cic. Mil. 14, 36. 2, 
multatio (strictly the act of fining): 
Cic.: Plin. Phr.: money paid as a 
f., pecunia multaticia, Liv. 10, 23: to 
coerce by f., damno coercere, Cic. Off. 3, 
5,23: to put in operation f.s and other 
coercion, damna aliamque coercitionem 
inhibere, Liv. 4, 53. 

fine (v.): multo or mulcto, 1 (in- 
cluding other penalties): tof. a man in 








: 
r 





FINELY 


FINISHING-STROKE 


FIRE 


rrr 


a sum of money, aliquem pecunia m., 
Nep.; in lands, nena Cic. ; im a cer- 
tain quantity of grain, certo numero 
fromenti m., Hirt. See also FINE (subs.). 

finely: |. Opp. to coarsely: ténu- 
iter, subtiliter: Cic. Phr.: to pulverise 
a@ root very f., radicem in subtilem pul- 
verem conterere, cf. Plin. 26, 11, 70: Vv. 
FINE (I.), | J. Well, beautifully : béné, 
égrégié, praeclaré, pulchré : Cic. 

fineness : |, Delicacy; opp. to 
coarseness : 1, subtilitas: f. of a 
powder, s. pulveris, Plin. 18, 7, 14: f. of 
tron-tools, s. ferramentorum, Plin. Fig.: 
of intellect: most think the minds of 
military men wanting in f., plerique 
credunt militaribus ingeniis deesse s., 
Tac. Agr.g: v.SUBTILTY. Q, téntitas: 
St. of flax, t. lini, Plin. 1%, Tpi2O Werte Of 
@ sieve, t. cribri, Plin. ig.: exquisite 
f. of subjects and terms, limata et rerum 
et verborum t., Cic. Fin. 3, 12,40. —[I, 
Purity: piritas: J. of gold, *auri p.: 
Vv. PURITY. Il. Fairness of wea- 
ther: sérénitas: the f. of an autumn 
Forebodes a windy winter, auctumni s. 
ventosam facit hiemem, Plin.: v. SE- 
RENITY. 

fine-spun: mostly fig.: ténuis, sub- 
tilis: v. FINE (I.) ; suBTLE. 

finery: 1, munditia (esp. of dress: 
mostly pl.): J. was for women, toil for 
men, munditias mulieribus, viris laborem 
convenire, Sall. Jug. 85, ad jin. : a youth 
attired in ample f., praeparatus ado- 
lescens multis m., Tac. Ann. 4, 28. 

2. lautitia (swmptwousness of any 

kind): V. MAGNIFICENCE. 3, lénoci- 
nium (term of contempt; meretricious 
adornment): f. of person, corporum 
lenocinia, Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146: Suet. 
Esp. of style: invention without f., in- 
ventio lenociniis destituta, Quint. 12, 1, 
29. 4, apparatus, is: v. pomp. 

finesse: perh. argitiae, arum: ef. 
Cic. Am. 13, 45: V. SUBTILTY, FINENESS. 

finger (subs.): digitus (also thumb or 
toe): the fore f., d. index (as used in 
pointing), Hor.: Plin.: also, d. salutaris 
(perh. as used in greeting), Suet. Aug. 
80: the middle f., d. medius, Plin.: 
Quint. (also d. infamis, impudicus, as 
used in obscene gestures, cf. Mart. 6, 
90, 5): the third f., d. minimo proximus, 
Gell.: also d. medicus, Plin. 30, 12, 34; 
d, medicinalis (minimo vicinus), Macr. 
Sat. 7, 13, ad init.: the little f., ad. mi- 
nimus, Hor.: Gell.: Macr. Yo touch 
(just) with the tips of the f.s, extremis 
digitis attingere, Cic. Cael. 12, 28: to 
count on the f.s, digitis computare (ra- 
tionem), Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 51; per digitos 
numerare, Ov. Fast. 3,123: to snap or 
crack the f.s, digitos or digitis concrep- 
are, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 75: Petr.: gesticula- 
tions with the f.s (in speaking) : argutiae 
digitorum, Cic. Or. 18, 59: to talk with 
the f.s, digitis loqui, Ov. Trist. 2, 453: 
to be pointed at with the f. (i. e. be dis- 
tinguished), digito monstrari, Hor. Od. 
4, 3, 22: to point the f. at anything, d. 
ad aliquid intendere, Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 
203. Fig.: not to swerve a f.’s breadth 
from @ rule, d. transversum [ut aiunt] 
ab instituto non discedere, Cic, Acad. 2, 
18, 58. Dimin., digimlus, a small f., 
Ter.: Hier. <Appertaining to a f., digit- 
alis, e: the thickness of one’s f., digitalis 
crassitudo, Plin. As subs., digitale, a 
covering for the f.s: ¥. GLOVES. 

finger (v.): attrecto, tango: v. To 
TOUCH, HANDLE. 

finical: perk. pitidus: to avoid an 
tndistinct as well as a f. articulation, 
ne aut obscurum esset aut putidum, 
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133: cf. de Or. 3, 11, 41: 
nolo exprimi literas putidius (in a@ jfin- 
ical, over-distinct way): V. AFFECTED. 
Or expr. by nimis, compar. degr., etc. : 
somewhat f. in dress, *vestitu nimis 
elegans; elegantior quam decet; circa 
curam vestitus morosior, cf. Suet. Caes. 


45. 
finically: piitidé: v. preced. art. 
finicalness: nimia elegantia; pu- 
tida quaedam elegantia: v. FINICAL. 
finish (v.): |, To accomplish com- 
pletely: . conficio, feéci, fectum, 3: 





tof. the rest of a journey, iter reliquum 
c., Cic.: to carry on and f.a war, bellum 
gerere et c., Cic. Bal. 20, 47: v. TO ac- 
COMPLISH. 2. perficio, 3 (pointing 
more to the close than conficio): he f.s 
the bridge in two days, pontem biduo 
perficit, Caes. B. C.1, 54. Join: ab- 
solvere et perficere, Cic. 3. absolvo, 
vi, itnm, 3 (to f. off): to f. a part (of 
@ statue), partem a., Cic. Off. 3, 2, 10: 
a history camnot be fd in a hurry, 
historia (non} potest exiguo tempore ab- 
solvi (opp. to institui), Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 9. 
4, périgo, égi, actum, 3 (to carry 

through to the end): to f. the elections 
(go through with them), comitia p., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 4, 10: tof. one’s cowrse, cursum 

. Virg. §, exigo, 3 (mostly poet.) : cf. 

or. Od. 3, 30, I. . défungor, netus, 
3 (to have done with a thing: with abl.) : 
he hastens to f. the combat, d. proelio 
festinat, Liv. 1, 25: most freq. in 

. part.: bodies that have f.d (done 
with) life, defuncta corpora vita, Virg. : 
Hor. 7, explico, avi and ui, atum 
and itum, 1 (in late writers: lit. to un- 
fold): to f. a journey, iter ex., Plin. Ep. 
8, 1,1: I soon fd my elegiacs, elegos 
celeriter explicui, Plin. Ep. 9, 4, 7: 
hence the “explicit” =Fris, of the 
MSS. 8. consummo, 1 (to put the 
Jinishing stroke to: chiefly in later 
authors): to f. public works that have 
been begun, opera inchoata c., Plin. Ep. 
10, 33, fin.: as soon as hens f. laying, 
they want to sit, ut primum partum 
consummaverint, gallinae incubare cu- 
piunt, Col. 8, 5, ad init. 9, .patro, 1 
(to execute, discharge): after the day’s 
work is f.’d, patratis operibus, XII. ‘Tab. 
in Cie. Leg. 2, 8,19: tof. the war (bring 
it to an end), bellum p., Sall.: Tac. 

10. perpetro, 1 (like patro, but 

pointing more to the end of what is 
done): as soon as I had f.’d all my 
work, postquam opus meum omne per- 
petravi, Pl.: Tac. 11, expleo, 2 
(rare): V. TO COMPLETE. Il. To put 
an end to: 1, finio, 4: tof. a lunch 
with mulberries, prandium moris f., 
Hor. S. 2, 4, 21: Caes. : Cic. 2. ter- 
mino, I: Vv. TO END, TERMINATE. 

finish off: 1, absolvo, 3: v. preced. 
art. (L, 3). 2. expolio, 4: I'll f. off 
my work so nicely that you shan’t be 
able to find fault, tibi meum opus ita 
expolitum dabo, ut improbare non queas, 
PL: to f. off any thing perfectly, aliquid 
omni ex parte perfectum ex., Cic. Inv. 
2, I, jim. 8. extremam s. ultimam 
manum (operi) impono: y. FINISHING- 
STROKE. 

finish (subs.): i.e. perfection: 1, 
absolutio perfectioque CSRS Cic. de 
Or. 1, 28, 130. 2. lima (meton. : lit. 
a polishing-file): the pains and time 
required in order to attain f., limae 
labor et mora, Hor. A. P. 291: wanting 
in f. (Aeschylus), rudis et incompositus, 
Quint. 10, 1, 66. 

finished (part. adj.): 1, per- 
fectus: a complete and f. orator, orator 
plenus et p., Cic.: more highly f. fold- 
ing-doors, perfectiores valvae, Cic. Verr. 
4, 56, 124: Vv. PERFECT. 2, absdli- 
tus: the most f. and perfect reasoning, 
absolutissima et perfectissima argu- 
mentatio, Auct. Her. 2, 18, 28: Quint. : 
Vv. PERFECT. 3, consummatus: /. 
eloquence, c. eloquentia, Quint. prooem. 
§ 20: af. speaker, c. orator, Quint. See 
also ACCOMPLISHED, COMPLETE. 

finisher: 1, confector, e.g. totius 
belli, Cic. Fam. Io, 20, fin. 9. consum- 
mator: Vulg. Hebr. xi. 2: Tert. 8, 
expr. by verb: qui confecit, consum- 
mavit, etc.: Vv. TO FINISH. 

finishing (svbs.) : confectio, perfec- 
tio, absdliitio : Cic.: v. ACCOMPLISHMENT. 

finishing-stroke: extrema s. ultima 
manus: he did not put the f.-stroke (f.- 
touches) to his works, m. extrema non 
accessit ejus operibus, Cic. Br. 33, 126: 
to give the f. to the war, bello extremam 
m. imponere, Virg Aen. 7,572. Phr.: 
to put the f. to a war, bellum commis- 
sum ac profligatum conficere, Liv, 21, 
40, extr.: to a work, opus coeptum pro- 








fligatumque perficere, Aug. in Mon. 
Ancyr. to put the f. to Jambics, iambos 
ad umbilicum adducere, Hor. Epod. 14, 8. 

finite; finitus (bounded in whatever 
way: not used absol. in Cic.); certis 


| finibus s. terminis circumscriptus, in- 


clusus ; V. TO BOUND. CONFINE. 
finitely : finité: Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27. 
finiteness: expr. by finis: “/. can 
never be a just cause of complaint” 
(Paley), *minime querendum est quod 
unicuique rei fines certi in rerum natura 
constituti sint; *injuste Deum incusant 
qui se finita natura praeditos esse que- 
runtur. 
: pinniger, éra, @rum: Ov. 
Phr.: the f, tribes, piscium genus, Hor. 
Od. 1, 2, 9. 
fir: 1, abies, tis, m. (the white 
f.): Plin. 2, pinus, is and i, f.: 
Plin.: v. PINE. 8. picea (spruce-y.): 
Plin. 4. pinaster, tri, m. (prob. the 
Scotch f.): Plin. 5. sipinus, i, f. 
(stlver-f.) : Plin. 
—, made of: 1. dbiegnus: Cic, 
2. pineus: Ov.: f.-cones, p. nuces, 
Plin. 3. sipineus: Col. (For syn. 
v. preced. art.) 
fire (subs.) : |. The element: |, 
ignis, is, m.: we feel that f. is hot, sen- 
timus ignem calere, Cic.: to strike f. 
with a flint, i. lapidum conflictu atque 
tritu elicere, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25; i. ex- 
cudere, Plin.: Virg.: to heap wood 
round and set it on f., ligna circumdare 
et i. subjicere, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, 69: to 
apply f., i. admovere, Cic.: to catch f., 
ignem coucipere, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, fin. ; 
i. comprehendere, Caes. B.C. 5, 43: to 
ravage by f. and sword, ferro ignique, 
ferro atque i. vastare, Cic. 2. flamma 
(stricuy flame: esp. poet. in this sense) : 
Vv. FLAME. Yo catch f., flanimam concip- 
ere, Caes. B. C. 2,14: f. and water (prov. 
of things antagonistic), prius flamma 
undis, Poet. in Cic. Phil. 13, 21, 49: 
“where there’s smoke there's fire,” sem- 
per f. fumo proxima, Pl. Cure. 1, 1, 53. 
Il. A f. kindled: 1. ignis: a 
slow 7., lentus i., Plin.; i. exiguus, Virg. 
G. 1,196: water boils when a f. ts kine 
dled beneath it, subditis i., aquae effer- 
vescunt, Cic.: to light a f., i. accendere, 
Virg.; i. facere, Caes. (v. TO KINDLE): 
to put any thing on the f., ignem alicui 
rei subdere, subjicere (v. supr. L.). 
Poet.: of lightning, stars, etc. : gleam- 
ing f. (lightning), i. coruscus, Hor.: the 
moon is bright among the lesser fs (the 
stars), micat inter ignes luna minores, 
Hor, Od. 1, 12, 46. Fig.: lest this 
spark of f. kindle a vast conflagration, 
he parvus hic i. incendium ingens ex- 
suscitet, Liv. 21, 3, extr.: the fs (of 
anger) blazed up in his soul, exarsere 
ignes animo, Virg.: she is consumed by 
secret fire (of love), caeco carpitur i., 
Virg. 9. igniciilus (a small f,): to 
call for a little f. at mid-winter, i. 
brumae tempore poscere, Juy. 3, 102. 
, fOcus: v. FIRE-SIDE. Phr.: 
to keep a good f., luculento camino uti, 
Cic. Fam. 7, 10: to put oil on the f., 
oleum camino addere, Hor. S. 2, 3, 321: 
to pile logs upon the f., ligna super foco 
reponere, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 5. lh. A 
conflagration: incendium: to cause, 
kindle a f., i. facere, Cic. Par. 4, 315 i. 
excitare, Cic. Mur. 25, extr.; exsus- 
citare, Liv. 21, 3, extr.: to put outa f,, 
i. restinguere (exs.), Cic. Mur. L c.:; 
Sall. (v. To ExTINGUISH): the J. broke 
out in the Circus, principium incendii 
ortum est in (Circo), Tac, Ann. 15, 38: 
the f. spread furiously, impetu perva- 
gatum i., Tac. lc. 39: the J. was got 
under after siz days, sexto demum die 
finis incendio factus, Tac. L c. 40: a house 
on f. (dumus), occupata igni, Gell 15, 1: 
to cry “ Fire,” incendium conclamare (of 
a number of persons), Sen. Ir. 3, 43, 3. 
Fig.: love makes af. in my heart, mihi 
in pectore [atque in corde) facit amor i., 
PL: inflamed by the (raging) f.s of pas- 
ston, cupiditatum incendiis inflammatus, 
Cic.: Ov. IV. Discharge of artillery: 
conjectus, fis: Vv. VOLLEY. Phr.: (ary 
one is) between two f.s, hac urget lupus. 
301 


FIRE, OF 


nac canis (angit), Hor. S. 2, 2,64; *utro- 


bique urgent, incessunt, hostes. 5 
The disease St. Anthony’s f., sacer ignis : 
Cels.: v. ERYSIPELAS, VI. Fig., vehe- 
mence, ardour : impétus, vis, vigor, etc. : 
otherwise there can be no f. or energy in 
speech, aliter in oratione nec impetus 
ullus nec vis esse potest, Cic. Or. 68, 
229: speeches which are read lose all 
their f., actiones quae recitantur im- 
petum omneni caloremque perdunt, Plin. 
Ep. 2,19, 2: tvey saw the same energy 
in his features, the same f. in his eve, 
eundem vigorem in vultu, eandem vim 
in oculis intueri, Liv. 21, 4, intt.: the f 
of (youthful) age, fervor aetatis, Hor. 
Od. 1, 17, 24: Aeschines was character- 
ized by majesty, Demosthenes by f., 
sonitum Ae-chines, vim Demosthenes 
habuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 7, 28. See also 
FERVOUR, ARDOUR, VEHEMENCF. Phr.: 
to lose his f. (of an orator), languescere, 


Cic. Sen. 9, 28 : 
fire. of: 1, igneus: Cleanthes is 
of opinion that the stars are all of 7., 


Cleanthes tota esse ignea sidera putat, 
Cic.: colour of f., i. color, Plin. Fig.: 
hearts of f., i. corda, Stat.: Sil.: v. 
FIERY. 2. flammeus: stars having 
the nature of f., stellae natura flam- 
meae, Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 118. 

, to be on: 1, ardeo, si, sum, 
2 (most gen. term): the house was on f., 
domus ardebat, Cic.: when your neigh- 
bour’s house is on f., paries quum prox- 
imus ardet, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84. Fig.: 
he foamed at the mouth, his eyes were 
on f., spumas agebat in ore, ardebant 
oculi, Cic.: all Spain would be on f. 
with war, totam Hispaniam arsuram 





bello, Liv. 28, 24, extr.: to be on f. | 
with love, passion, +tc., amore, cupiditate | 


a., Cic.: ‘Ter. 2. flagro, 1 (to be ina 
blaze): you saw the transports on f., 
flagrautes onerarias videbatis, Cic. Div. 
I, 32, 69. Fig.: to be on f. with love, 
hatred, amore, odio f., Cic. See also To 
BLAZE, BE BURNT. 


——- to set on: I i 
sum, 3: to set towns, buildings on f., 


oppida, aedificia i., Caes.: to set brambles | 


on f., vepres i., Virg.: v.TO BURN. Q, 
inflammo, 1 (to set in flames): they 
storm the villages and set the houses on 
Jf. Vicos expugnant, tecta i., Liv. ro, 2. 
Join  inflammare atque incendere, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 35, 91. 3. ignem (alicui 
rei) subjiciv, admoveo: v. FIRE (I., 1). 
See also TO KINDLE. 

—., to take: 1, ardesco, arsi, 
sum, 3: to take f. readily, celeriter a., 
Plin. Fig.: to take f. with anger, in 
iras a., Ov. Met. 5, 41: she takes f. as 
she gazes, ardescit tuendo, Virg.: v. To 
KINDLE. 2, exardesco, 3 (to take f. 
and blaze up): a substance ready at 
taking f., materies facilis ad exardes- 
cendum, Cic. de Or. 2, 45,190. Fig.: 
the plebs took f. at this, plebs ad id in- 
dignatione exarsit, Liv.: v. EXASPE- 
RATED, TO BE. 3. excandesco, candui, 
3 (so as to be hot throughout): when bitu- 
men and sulphur are added, it will take 
J., cum bitumen et sulfur additum est, 
excandescet, Cato, R. R. 95. Fig.: to 
take fire with anger, ira ex., Cic. 4 
ignesco, 3: at last all the world would 


take f., ad extremum omnis mundus | 


ignesceret, Cic. N. ). 2, 46,118. Fig.: 
his wrath takes f. at the sight, tuenti i. 
irae, Virg. Aen. 9, 66. 5, ignem con- 
cipio, comprehendo ; flammam concipio : 
V. FIRE (I.). 

fire (v.) : incendo, inflammo: v. FIRE, 
TO SETON. Phr.: they endeavour to f. 
the siege-works, ignem operibus inferunt, 
Caes. B.C. 2,14. For fig. sense, v. To 
INFLAME, EXCITE. 

—— up (v. intr.): exardesco, ar- 
desco: vV. FIRE, TO TAKE. 


fire-arms: *tela bombardica: v. 
GUN-POWDER. 
fire-brand: |, Lit.: 1. titio, 


Onis, m. (whether burning or not): a 

blazing f., t.ardens, Apul.: extinguished 

f.s (without flame), extincti t., Cels. 

2. torris, is, m. (actually burning) : 

a blazing f., t. flagrans, Ov.; t. vivus, 
302 


1. incendo, di, 





FIRM 


ELRST 





Val. Fl.: a f. all in flames, ambustus 
t., Virg. Aen. 12, 298. 8, fax, facis, 
Ft. (esp. for incendiary purposes): to 
hurl f.s at dwellings, f. ardentes in tecta 
jactare, Cic. Harusp. 18, 39: Vv. sqq. 
4, malledlus (a kind of missile for 

Jjiring buildings, etc.): to get ready f-s 
(of all kinds) for setting fire to the city, 
m. et faces ad inflammandam urbem 
comparare, Cic. Cat. I, 13, 32. Il. 
Fig.: a mischievous person: fax: the 
J. of this war (Hannibal), f. hujus belli, 
Liv. 21, 10: f.s of the human race 
(Caligula and Nero), faces humani gene- 
ris, Plin.: Cie. 

fire-engine: sipho ov siphon, Onis, 
m. (a kind of water pipe): cf. Plin. Ep. 
10, 35 (42): nullus usquam in publico 
sipho, nulla hama, nullum denique in- 
strumentum ad incendia compescenda : 
cf. Isid. Or. 20, 6, 9. 

fire-escape: *instrumentum ad in- 
cendia effugienda (comparatum). 

fire-fly ; *musca ignifera (?). (*Elater 
noctilucus, Cuv.) 

fire-lock: *sclopétum: v. Gun. 

fire-man:: esp. pl., the body of fire- 
men, excubiae nocturnae vigilesque 
adversus incendia, Suet. Aug. 30. 

fire-van: 1, batillum (either a 
J.-shovel or a chafing-dish): Hor.: Plin. 

2. fociilus (chafing-d'sh): Plin. 

fire-vlace: 1, caminus (strictly, 
for metals: Vv. FURNACE): cf. FIRE (IL. 
Phr.). 2, focus: Cic.: Hor.: v. FIRE- 
SIDE, HEARTH. Dimin. foculus, a small 
Jf.: v. preced. art. 

fire-yroof: ignibus impervius, Tac. 
Ann. 15,43. Phr: f. (of buildings), 
*ipcendiis non obnoxia, adversus in 
eendia tuta ac munita: to make a build- 
ing f., ignem defendere, Gell. 15, 1. 

fire-ship: navis taeda et pice et 
stupa reliquisque rebus completa quae 
sunt ad incendia; navis ad incendinm 
praeparata, Caes. B. C. 3, ror; navis 
bitumine et sulfure illita, Curt. 4, 3, 
init. 

fire-shovel: batillum: v. FIRE-PAN. 
(Rutabulum, Cato, 10, appears to be a 


poker.) 


fire-side; ficus: to sit by one’s f., | 


ad f. sedere, Cic.: for altar and f., pro 
aris et focis, Cic.: v. HEARTH. 


,fire-stone : pyrites, ae, m. (rupizys): | 
lin. 


fire-warcen: vigilum, nocturnarum 
excubiarnm praefectus, Paul. Dig.: v. 
FIRE-MAN. (The triumviri nocturni 
were the board of f.s in republican 
times: v. Dict. Ant. s. v.) 

fire-wood: 1. lignum, usu. pl.: 
we have no f. in the house, 1. apud nos 
nulla sunt, Pl, Aul. 2, 6, 8: Hor. Di. 
crémia, orum (rare): small dry wood, 
uhich country-folk call cremia, tenuia 
ligna quae c. rustici appellant, Col. 12, 
19, ad init.: Plin. To collect f., lignari 
(esp. of soldiers) : Caes.: Liv. 

fireworks: *ignes artificiosi (Kr.): 


| or perh. pyromata, um (7vpwuara). 





firkin: délium: v. gar. As mea- 
sure, metréta (wezpytys): Vulg. Joh. ii. 
6: Col. 

firm (adj.): 1, firmus (in most 
senses of Eng.): f. ground, f. solum, 
Curt.: af. and stedfast opinion, opinio 
f. et stabilis, Cic.: f. friendships, f. 
amicitiae, Cic.: v. STRONG. 9. sta- 
bilis, e (not to be shaken): a level and 
Jf. road, via plana et s., Cic. Fl. 42, 105: 
af. foundation, s. fundamentum, Lucr. : 
Liv. Oftener fig.: v. supr. (1). Join: 
firmus et stabilis et constans [amicus], 
Cic. Am. 17, 62. 3, solidus (substan- 
tial, like the ground): v.soLip. Fig.: 
shakes from his f. resolve, mente quatit 
solida, Hor. Od. 3, 3,4. 4, immobilis, 
€: V. IMMOVABLE. 5, (in fig. sense) 
obstinatus (firmly resolved; less freq. in 
good than in bad sense): fidelity f. (to 
obstinacy), obs. fides, Tac. H. 5, 5, ad 
init.: 7. against woman’s tears, obs. ad- 
versus lacrimas muliebres, Liv. 2, 40, ad 
init.: V. OBSTINATE. 6. ténax, acis 
(holding fast to any thing): f. ef pur- 
pose, t. propositi, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 1: the 
obstinate man is he who is beyond mea- 


sure f. of purpose, pertinax ultra mc 
dum t. propositi, Quint. 7, constans 
(only in fig. sense): ¥. CONSTANT, RES: - 
LUTE. 

firm, to be: persévéro, 1: 
PERSIST, 

—., to make: firmo, confirmo, 1: 
a remedy for malcing loose teeth f.. re- 
medium ad mobiles dentium firmandos 
(confirm.), Plin.: v. TO STRENGTHEN, 
ESTABLISH. 

firm (swbs.): sdciétas, collégium: v 
COMPANY (fin.). 

firmament: firmamentum: Vulg.: 
Aug.: V. HEAVEN, SKY. 

firmly: 1, firmé, firmiter (both 
lit. and fig.): to fix a pier as f. as pos- 
sible, pnivinum quam firmissime sta- 
tuere, Vitr.: to stand f,, firme insistere, 
Suet.: to prop a thing up f., firmiter 
suffulcire aliquid, Pl.: Caes.: to grasp 
any thing f. in the mind, firme aliquid 
animo comprehendere, Cic. 2, sdlidé 
(only in lit. sense): a basket woven not 
thiclly yet f., cista neque spisse, &. 
tamen contexta, Col.: water more f. 
congealed, aqua solidius concreta, Gell. 

3. constanter (with fixed resolu- 
tion): to behave f.and with freedom, c. 
et libere se gerere, Cic.: to bear pain f. 
and calmly, c. et sedate ferre dolorem, 
Cic. 4, obstinaté (comp. FIRM, 5): 
to vefuse f., 0. negare, Caes.: Suet. 

5, (enaciter (with firm hold: both 
lit. and fig.): to bind f., t. vincire, Cic. - 
to grasp @ person’s hand f., manum 
alicujus t. apprehendere, Val.: to learn 
quickly and retain f. in the memory, 
ciio discere et t. retinere, Solin. 6. 
| peruinaciter (very firmly): green woo 
resists the saw more f., ligna viridia 
pertinacius serram resistunt, Plin. 16, 
43, 83: these very things remain the 
more f. rooted (in the mind), haec ipsa 
magis p. haerent, Quint. I, 1, 5: v. OB- 
STINATELY. Phr.: I am f. resolved to 
say all, certum est deliberatumque 
(mibi) omnia dicere, Cic. R. Am. 11, 31: 
Ov.: f. resolved on going, certus eundi, 
Virg. (v. RESOLVED): I am f. convinced, 
mihi persuasum (persuasissimum) est, 
foll. by de and abl.; or ace. and inf., 
Cic. Fam. 11, 2; 11,9: also persuasum 
(persuasissimum) habeo, Cic. Verr. 5, 
25, extr.: see also RESOLUTELY, SURELY. 

firmness: 1, firmitas (material 
or mental): f. of timber, f. materiae, 
| Caes.: f. of mind, f. animi, Cic.: v. 
| STRENGTH. Q, firmitido (—preced.): 
J. of a bridge, f. pontis, Caes.: Cic. 

8. stabilitas: voots give f. to the 
plants they support, stirpes s. dant iis 
quae sustinent, Cic.: f. of the teeth, s. 
dentium, Plin.: the f. (or solidity) of 
infantry, s. peditum, Caes, B. G. 4, 33: 
Cic.: v. S!rABILITY. 4, constantia 
(resolution) : f. of mind, c. animi, Ov. : 
Cic. (in whom the word is mostly used 
of consistent action or habit of mind). 
Join: stabilitas atque constantia, Cic. 
Am. 18, 65. 5, obstinatio: to decline, 
not with ingratitude, but yet with a 
settled f. of vesolution, non ingrato 
animo sed obs. quadam sententiae repu- 
diare, Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41: Tac. 6, 
persévérantia: V. PERSEVERANCE, PER- 
SISTENCE. 

first (adj.): 1, primus (of time, 
place, rank): the six legions which had 
come f., sex legiones quae primae vene- 
rant, Caes.: the f. place on the march, 
p. locus itineris, Caes.: undoubtedly the 
J. man in his town, sui municipii facile 
p., Cic. R. Am. 6, init.: to play the f. 
part, primas (partes) agere, tenere é 
FOREMOST). Very freq. is the pbr. in 
(cum) primis: his mother is said to have 
been among the f. to bring a stone, di- 
citur mater in primis lapidem tulisse, 
Nep. Paus. extr.: Cic. N.B. When the 
comparison is between to only, prior, 
us, Must be used: Pyrrha f. breaks 
silence, rumpit silentia Pyrrha prior, Ov. 


v. To 





Met. 1, 384: to speak f. on a trial (of 
the counsel for either side), priore loco 
causam dicere, Cic. Quint. 2, 7: v. FOR- 
MER, SUPERIOR. 2. princeps, cipis 
(esp. of rank or importance): they were 





FIRST 





the f. to promise money, p. pecuniae pol- 
licendae erant, Cic. Phil. 7, 23: he was 
the f. to enter the fight and the last to 
quit it, p. in proelium ibat, ullimus con- 
serto proelio excedebat, Liv. 21, 4: he 
was the f. who ventured, p. ausus est, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 129: Vv. CHIEF, FORE- 
MOST. 3. primoris, e (less freq. than 
preced. words, and rarely of time): the 
SF. teeth (after birth), p. dentes, Plin. 7, 
16,15: at f. sight, p. aspectu, Gell. 7. 2, 
init. : the f. (forenwst) men of the people, 
primores populi, Hor. Comp. foll. art. 
first (adv.): 1. primum: /. of 
all, 1 myself am awase, p. omnium ego 
ipse vigilo, full. by deinde, Cic. Cat. 2, 
,19. Besides primum .... deinde, we 
id also, primum .... deinde .... tum 
.... postremo, Cic, N. D. 2, 1, 3; primum 
«--.tum....deinde.... post.... tum 
..-- deinde, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65 (where 
tum appears to denote a closer con- 
nexion than deinde). 2. primo (usu. 
=at sirst: not used of logical arrange- 
ment): (at) f. we thought the house was 
falling, sedes primo ruere rebamur, P|. 
at) f. he made a show of refusal; at 
t he promised, primo negitare .... 
denique promittit, Sall. Jug. 111. (N.B. 
—When a person is compared with other 
persons, primus or prior must be used, 
not an adv.: cf. rrrst,adj.) Phr.: f. 
of all, ante omnia, Quint.: now f. (=at 
¢), nunc demum, jam demum (v. 
LENGTH, AT): to do a thing f. (before 
any one), occupare, praeoccupare ali- 
quem (Vv. TO ANTICIPATE). 
firat-begotten | 1. (of two or 
first-born more living chil- 
dren) major, maximus (natu): V. ELDER, 
ELDEST. 2. expr. by primus: sows 
give the first teat to the f.of their Litter, 
primis genitis (al. primogenitis) in quo- 
que partu sues primas (mammas) prae- 
bent, Plin. 11, 40, 95: cf. rmsT (adj. and 
adv.). 3, primogénitus: His f. son, 
filius suus p., Lact.: Vulg. Matt. i. 25. 
first-fruits; primitiae, arum: they 
gave the f. to Ceres, p. Cereri dabant, 
Ov. Fig.: the f. of mines, p. metal- 
lorum, Tac. H. 4, 53: the f. of arms, p. 
armorum, Stat. Th. 11, 285. 
firstling: of a flock, primus génitus 
§. natus: V. FIRST-BORN. 
fisc:; fiscus: v. TREASURY. 
fiscal: fiscalis, e (strictly, belonging 
to the fiscus or imperial treasury): f. 
burdens (i. e. heavy taxes), f. molestiae, 
Aur. Vic.: f. law, f. jus, Paul. Dig.: 
Vv. FINANCIAL. 
fish (subs.) : 1. piscis, is, m.: to 
be covered with scales, as f.s, integi 
squamis, ut pisces, Plin.: Cic. Dimin., 
pisciciilus, @ little f., Pl.: Ter. Oy. 
cétus, i, m.; cétos, i, n.; pl. cete (of 
large sea animals, as a whale, seal): this 
class only (carnivora), like those f.s 
called cete, brings forth their young 
alive, hoc genus solum, ut ea quae cete 
appellant, animal parit, Plin. 9, 24, 40: 
while the f.s (or sea-monsters) shall 
swim in the ocean, dum cete ponto in- 
nabunt, Sil. 8, (collectively) pisca- 
tus, ts, m. (fish as caught, for the 
table): with wine, victuals, and capital 
f., vino, victu, p. probo, Pl. Most. 3, 2, 
41: with f., fowl, and game, p., aucupio, 


venatione, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23. Phr.: |f/. 


plenty of f., copia piscaria, PI. 

fish (v.): _ Lit. piscor, 1: let 
us hunt, let us f., venemur, piscemur, 
Hor.: to f. with a hook, a net, hamo, 
Tete, p., Suet.: see also TO ANGLE. |], 
Fig. to search out: expiscor: to /. 
every thing out of a man, omnia ab 
aliquo exp., Cic. Fam. 9, 19. Il. Ze 
jish for: i.e. to be on the look-out Jor 
(colloq.) : 1, anciipor, 1 (lit. to catch 
birds): to f. for popularity, studium 
favoremque populi a., Flor. 3, 13: Cic. 

2. capto, 1: to f. for applause, 

plausus ¢., Cic.: v. To caTCH AT. (N.B. 
—Both the above less colloq. than the 
Eng.) 

fish-bone: spina piscis: Cic. in 
Quint. 8, 3,66. Phr.: to take out f.- 
banca afore cooking), pisces exossare, 
PL: Ter. 


= as oe i 


fisher, fisherman: piscator, Cic.: 
Ter. Fem. piscatrix: Plin. 

fishery : 1, cétariae, arum and 
cétaria, orum (no sing.): these (fish) 
crowd the Spanish f.s, Hispaniae ceta- 
rias hi replent, Plin. 8, 15, 19. more 
tunnies will swim in, and your fs will 
increase, plures adnabunt thynni et 
cetaria crescent, Hor. S. 2, 5, 44. a 
locus pisculentus, pars maris piscibus 
abundans: a headland (in Sicily) which 
is the finest f. in the world, promonto- 
rium omnibus mari nantibus pisculen- 
tissimum, Solin. 5. 

fish-hook; hamus: to jump at the 
baited f. like a jish, occultam decurrere 
piscis ad h., Hor. Ep. 1, 7,74. Dimin. 
hamulus, a smail hook: h. piscarius, Pl. 
St. 2, 2, 16. 

fishing (subs.): 1, pisciitus, as: 
who lived by hunting, fowling, f., quos 
venatus, aucupia, p., alebant, Plin. 8, 16, 
17. there is a pleasure in f. also, est et 
in p. voluptas, Plin. 2. piscatio: 
Ulp. Dig. 3, expr. by inf. of piscor : 
nets that wear well in f., retia in pis- 
cando durantia, Plin.: v. T0 FISH. 

fishing-boat: horia: Pl.: Gell. 
Dimin. horiola, Pl. [Also piscatoria 
navis, Caes. B. C. 2, 4.] 

fishing-frog: rana piscatrix: Plin. 

fishing-line: _ 1, linum: fo guide 
the J. with the rod, moderari arundine 





L, Ov. 9. linea: Pl. 

fishing-net: réte, is, m.: v. NET. 

fishing-rod: irundo, inis, f.: Ov. 
Tib.: a. piscatoria, Plin. 16, 36, 66, 
extr. 

fishing-tackle: *instrumenta pisca- 
toria. 

fish-market: forum piscarium: PI. 

fish-monger: 1, cétarius: fs’ 
shops, cetariorum officinae, Col. 8, 17: 
Cic.: Ter. Q. piscarius (rare): Varr. 
in Forcell. 

fish-pond : 1, piscina: f.s of 
Fresh water and salt, p. dulces, salsae, 
Varr. 3, 17, intt.: Cic. 9. stagnum 
(strictly any pond) : the best kind of f., 
s. optimum, Col. 8,17, imit.: Hor. 3, 
vivarium (a place for preserving any 
creatures alive): f.s for lampreys, shell- 
fish, vivaria muraenarum, cochlearum, 
Plin.: Col. l. c. 

fist: 1, pugnus (the clenched hand) : 
to double the hand and make a f., ma- 
num comprimere pugnumque facere, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 47,145: to fight with f.s, pug- 





nis certare, Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 77: to beat 
any one with the f.s, pugnis aliquem 
caedere, Pl.; stronger terms, pugnis 
contundere, pectere, onerare (to pummel, 
belabour), Pl.: to drive your f. into a 
man’s face, p. alicui in os impingere, 
Pl. Rud. 3, 4, 5. 9, cdlaphus (@ 
blow with the f.): V. CUFF, BLOW. 

fistula: in surgery, fistila: Cels. 

fistulous: fistilosus: Cato, R. R. 
157, ad init. 

fit (subs.): |, Lit.: @ seizure by 
disease : 1, accessio (any attack of 
disease): Suet.: Cels.: Plin. 26, 11, 7 
v. ATTACK. 9. accessus, ts (—=ac- 





cessio, but less freq.): Gell. 4, 2, ad fin. : 
Plin. 28, 4, 11. 3. impétus, us (a 
sudden and violent f.): af. of the gout, 
i. podagrae, Plin. 28, 4.9: to relieve a 
. of fever, rheum, febris, pituitae 1. 
tollere, Plin. 4. défectio (a fainting 
fd): a sudden fainting f., subita d., 
Suet. Cal. 50. Phr.: to have a f. of 
epilepsy, morbo comitiali corripi, Cels. : 
as a boy he was subject to epileptic f.s, 
puer comitiali morbo vexatus est, Suet. 
Cal. 50: when the (excruciating) fs of 
his disease came on, quum faces admo- 
verentur dolorum, Cic. Off. 2, Io, 37. 

I]. By anal., of anger or other pas- 
sions : impétus, ts: to kill a slave in a 
f. of passion, servum impetu et ira 


(=impetu irae) occidere, lac. Ger. 25: | 


Cic.: v. mmputseE. Phr.: to do any 
thing by f.s.and starts, perh. *carptim 


ac temere agere ; parum constanter ali- | 


quid facere: “twas sad by f.s, by starts 
’twas wild” (Gray), modo tristia, modo 
incondita furentis modo canebat. lll. 
Of a garment: Phr.: a dress that is 


FITNESS 
. eS 
a good f., vestimentum apte factum, cf, 
Quint. 11, 3, 13y. 
| fit es: : J, aptus (with dat. of 
| fitted ¢ person; the olgect or end for 
| which being usu. expr. by ad and acc.): 
| these kinds of speaking are jitter for 
youth, haec genera dicendi aptiora sunt 
| adolescentibus, Cie. Brut. 95, 326: a 
woollen cloak f. for any seasom of the 
year, pallium laneum a. ad omne anni 
tempus, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: v. surr- 
ABLE, 2. idoneus (for a definite 
purpose —ad evm rem) Vv. SUITABLE. 
8, babilis, e (in active sense; pos- 
sessing ability or capalility : with dat. 
or acc, with ad) : these vines are fitter for 
rich soils, pinguibus hae vites terris b, 
Virg. G. 2,92: Hor.: never was the same 
nature more fitted for the most opposite 
circumstances, Dunquam ingenium \dem 
ad res diversissimas habiljus, Liv. 21. 4. 
4. appdsitus (in passive sense; 
adapted for: with ad and acc.): ome 
soil is fitted for the vine, another for 
grain, ager alius est ad videm ap., alius 
ad frumentum, Varr. R. R. 1,7: a place 
very ill-fitted for beariny calamity in, 
locus minime ap. ad tolerand«m calami- 
tatem, Cic. Att. 3, 14. 5 accomimé- 
datus (ell adapted or qualified: with 
dat., or ad and acc.): Sitted to console, 
ad consolandum ac., Cic. Fam. 5, 16: @ 
man fitted for the administration of 
public or private affairs, vir publicarum 
privatarumque rerum administrationi 
ac., Quint. 1, pref..§ 10. (N.B. Fit to 
be .... may sometimes be expr. by ger. 
part.: things fit to be spoken or not, 
dicenda tacenda, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 72: see 
the several verbs.) 
fit (v.): A. ‘l'rans.: |. To put 
one thing to another: 1, accommddo, 
I (usu. with dat. of person; ace. of 
thing with prep. ad): to f.a wreath to 
one’s head, coronam sibi ad caput ac., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 250: he fd the year 
to the sun’s course, annum ad cursum 
solis accommodavit, Suet. Caes. 40: v. 
TO ADJUST. 2. apto, 1 (same constr. 
as preced.): to f. the mouth of a cup- 
ping-glass to the body, os cucurbitulae 
corpori a., Cels. 2, 11. 3. applico, ap- 





pono; v. TO APPLY. ||. Zo pro- 
vide, equip: instruo, xi, ctum, 3: V. 
TO FURNISH. II]. To vender fit: apto, 
i: to f.a fleet (for action), classem ad 
pugnam a., Liv. 21, 49: Vv. TO PREPARE. 
B, Intrans.: |, As a garment: 
1, convénio, véni, ventum, 4 (with 
ad and acc.) : it is the merit of a busken 
to f. the foot well, cothurni laus est ad 
pedem apte c., Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 46. 5: 
sédeo, sedi, sessum, 2 (esp. of looser gar- 
ments, as lying well ov ill): cf. Quint. 
II, 3, 140. Fig.: how well empire 
would f. your shoulders, quam bene in 
bumeris tuis sederet imperium, Plin. 
Pan. Phr.: I should wish the toga to 
be made so as to f. well, togam apte 
caesam (esse) velim, Quint. I1, 3, 139. 
|]. In general sense: convénio, 
aptus sum, etc.: v. TO SUIT; and foll. 
artt. 
— out (v. tr.): orno, exorno, Aidorno, 
13 instruo, 3: V. TO EQUIP, FURNISH. 
—together (v.intr.): 1. cOhaereo, 
si, sum, 2: the world f.s so ' ell together, 
mundus ita upte c., Cic. Tim. 5: things 
which f. well together, [apta inter se et 
cohaerentia, Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 4: (the 
things) doit f. together (are icon 
sistent), 7 or. And. 2, 2,2 9. con- 
gruo, i, 3: ¥. TO AGREE. 
fitch: vicia: v. VETCH. 
fitful; mirabilis, inconstans: v. 
CHANGEABLE, INCONSISTENT. 
fitfully ; perh. témére, temerario quo- 
dam impetu; inconstanter: V. CHANGE- 
ABLY 3 RANDOM (AT). 





fitly: 1, apte: Cic. 2. con- 
vénienter: V.AGREEABLY. Join: con- 
venienter et congruenter, Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 
26. 3, iddneé (rares: for syn., V. FIT 
adj.): f. to prepare the mind of the 
hearer, auditoris animum i. comparare, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 15, 20. 
| fitness: 1, convénientia (of purtt 
to each other; mutual f.): the f. y 

303 


FITTED 


parts to each other, c. partium, Cic. Off. 1, 
4,14: virtue consists in a f. (or har- 
mony), Virtus convenientia constat, Sen. 
Ep. 74, 30. Q. habilitas (of persons): v. 
APTITUDE. 3, expr. by adj.: to doubt 
« person’s f. for the management of a 
business, *dubitare num quis ad rem 
administrandam habilis, accommodatus 
sit: v. FIT (adj.) _ 
fitted (part. adj.): v. FIT. 
fitting (adj.): décens: v. BECOMING. 
Esp. in phr. it is f.: (1). décet, 2 
(with acc, and inf.): v. IT BECOMES. 
(2). aequum est: things which it is f. 
a young gentleman should know, quae 
liberum scire adolescentem aequum est, 
Ter. : v. REASONABLE, FAIR. 
fittingly; apté: v. FITLy. 
fittingness: décentia: Cic. N. D. 2, 
58, 145. 
five: quinque: distrib. quini, ae, a: 
f. persons to a couch, often more, quini 
in lectulis, saepe plures, Cic.: legions 
consisting of f. thousand foot, three 
hundred horse, legiones quinis millibus 
peditum, equitum trecenis, Liv. But 
quini is also used as a cardinal, where 
a group of f. is intended; esp. in the 
poets.: to sell for four times f. minae, 
quater quinis minis vendere, Pl.: /. 
names were given out, quina nomina 
edita sunt, Liv. 28, 26: f. sheep, quini 
bidentes, Virg. Aen. 5,96. (N.B.—With 
a subs. having no sing. or one with diff. 
sense, quini, not quinque, is used: f. 
letters, quinae literae or quinque epis- 
tolae, L. G.§ 71: quinque litterae would 
be five letters of the alphabet.) F. times, 
quinquies, Cic.: /.-fold, quincuplex, 
plicis, Mart.: f. hundred, quingenti: f. 
hundred each, quingéni, ae, a, Cic.: f. 
hundredth, quingentesimns, Cic. : fe 
hundred times, quingenties, Cic. The 
number f., quinio, Onis, m., Tert.: Isid. : 
f. twelfths, quincunx, nels, m.: if from 
f. twelfths of an as an ounce is taken, 
what remains, si de quincunce remota 
est uncia, quid restat? Hor. A. P. 327: 
f. per cent. (a month), quincunces usurae, 
Scaev. Dig. F. years, quinquennium, 
Cic.: also lustrum, Hor. Od. 2, 4, 24: 
lasting f. years, or occurring once in f. 
years, quinquennalis, e, Liv.: f. years’ 
old, quinquennis, Pl. Hor.: /-leaved, 
quinquefolius, Plin. 21, 4, Lo. 
fives (the game): pila (applicable to 
any ball game): v. BALL. 
2 |. To make fast, secure: 
1, figo, xi, xum, 3 (most gen. 
term): they f. the pieces of meat on 
spits, frusta verubus figunt, Virg.: the 
arms which had been f.’'d upon the 
walls, arma quae fixa in parietibus fue- 
rant, Cic. Fig.: tof. the eyes upon the 
ground, oculos in terram f., Sen. 92. 
destino, t (strictly, to f. down, as to the 
ground): to let down into the water and 
Jf. firmly, in aquam demittere d.que fir- 
miter, Vitr.: v. TO FIX DOWN.  |f, 
To appoint, settle : 1, statno, i, itum, 
3: for the rest of the multitude the 
senate f.s a day, senatus ceterae mul- 
titudini diem s., Sall.: to f. time and 
place for an interview, tempus locum- 
que colloquio s., Liv.: to f. limits, 
terminos s., Liv.: v. TO APPOINT, DETER- 
MINE. 9, constituo, 3 (esp. when an 
appointment between parties is to be ex- 
pressed): for this day the wedding was 
f.d, in hune diem constitutae sunt nup- 
tiae, Ter. And. 1, 5, 34: tof. a more ad- 
vanced age for the consulate, grandiorem 
aetatem ad consulatum c., Cic. Phil. 5, 
17, 47- 3, condico, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
make an appointment): to f. time and 
place of meeting, tempus et locum coe- 
undic.. Just.: Gell. 4, praestituo, i, 
itum, 3 (beforehand): to f. beforehand 
how long we should speak, tempus quam- 
diu diceremus pr., Cic. Quint. 9, 33. 8, 
destino, 1 (definitely, decisively): to f. 
the hour of death (of a condemned per- 
son), horam mortis d., Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45: 
to f. a time for the contest, tempus ad 
certamen d., Liv. 33, 39, med.: a fd 
opinion, destinata sententia, Liv. 6. 
(in pass.: to be f.’d or agreed wpon) con- 
vénio, véni, ventum, 4: that signal had 
304 





FLAG 


been f.’d upon, id convenerat signum, 
Liv. 

fix down: 1, défigo, 3: to f. 
stakes down in the ground, asseres in 
terra d., Caes. Kig.: virtue alone is 
f.d down (planted) by the deepest roots, 
virtus est una altissimis defixa radicibus, 
Cie. Phil. 4, 5, 13. Q. destino, 1 (at 
some given point): he fd the rafts 
down by anchors, rates ancoris destina- 
bat. Caes. B. C. 1, 25. 

— in, on, orupon: 1, infigo, 3 
(with acc. and prep. ; also acc. and dat.) : 
he f.d his sword in the enemy’s bosom, 
gladium hosti in pectus infixit, Cic.: to 
Jf. @ spear in a gate, hastam portae i., 
Virg. Fig.: to teach something and /. 
it in the mind, docere aliquid et inf. 
animis, Quint.: Cic. Q, (in pass., and 
fig.) insideo, sédi, sessum, 2 (to become 
settled anywhere: usu. with in and 
abl.): pleasure f.s itself deeply in every 
sense, voluptas penitus in omni sensu i., 


Cie. Leg. 1, 17, 47: the speech f.’d itself’ 


in the mind, insedit in animo oratio, 
Cices Fuses 2; 4,) 11: 8. inhaereo, si, 
sum, 2 (like preced.): somehow or other 
a foreboding has f.'d itself in people's 
minds, nescio quomodo, inh. in mentibus 
quoddam augurium, Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33. 
Simly. is used haereo: to be f.’d in the 
memory, in memoria b., Cic. 

— in front: praefigo, 3: the bank 
was defended by sharp stakes f.’d in 
Front, ripa erat acutis sudibus praefixis 
munita, Caes. B.G. 5,18: tof. a head on 
the end of a spear, caput hastae pr., 
Suet. 

— to: V. TO FASTEN TO. 

fixed (adj.): certus: to call an as- 
sembly for a f. day, concilium in diem 
c. indicere, Caes.: to swear in a f. form 
of words, in c. verba jurare, Cic. Inv. 2, 
45, 132: f. (definite) boundaries, c. fines, 
Hor. Phr.: f. stars, stellae inerrantes, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 54: a f. resolve, mens 
solida, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 4: that is the f. 
intention of Aeneas, id sedet Aeneae, 


Virg. 

fixedly: firmiter, constanter: v. 
FIRMLY. 

fixedness: firmitas: v. FIRMNEss. 

fixture; affixum (aliquid): prob. 
only in pl.: a furnished house with all 
its f.s, domus instructa cum omnibus a., 
Dig. 33, 7, 18, fin. 

flabby: 1. flaccidus (loose, hang- 
ing): jf. ears (of swine), f. aures, Plin. 

9. flaccus (more freq. = flabby- 

eared): large f. ears, auriculae magnae 
ac f., Varr.: deities with snub-noses, f. 
ears, silos, fl. deos, Cic. N. D.1,29,80. 3, 
fluidus (hanging loosely): aged Milo sees 
his arms hang f., senior Milo f. pendere 
lacertos spectat, Ov.: f. bodies, f. cor- 
pora, Liv. 34, 47: Plin. 4, mar- 
cidus: v. DROoPING. 5, panndsus: 
Jf. breasts, p. mammae, Mart. 3, 72. 3: 
Sen. 6. piiter, tris, tre: Hor.: Prop.: 
v. SOFT, ROTTEN. Phr.: f. (withered) 
fruit, vieta et mollia poma, Gell. 13, 2. 

flabbily : perh. fiuide. 

flabbiness: expr. by adj.: on ac- 
count of the f. of his ears, *propter flac- 
cidas aures: v. preced. art. 

flaccid; flaccidus: v. preced. art. 
To be f.: (1.) flacceo, 2: Varr.: Lucil. 
Incept. flaccesco, 3 (to become f.): Cic.: 
Col. (2.) marceo, marcesco: v. TO 
DROOP, WITHER. 

flaccidity : expr. by adj.: f. of flesh 
is a sign of ill-health, *imbecillam vale- 
tudinem indicat caro flaccida nec bene 
firma. 

flag (subs.): 
lum: v. STANDARD. 
plant; the sweet f.: 
and dcérum, n.: Plin. 2, cailamus, 
Cato; c. aromaticus, Plin. Il]. 4 flat 
stone: Phr.: fs for paving highways, 
*lapides plani et ad vias muniendas 
idonei: Vv. STONE. 

flag (v.): 1, languesco, ui, 3 (to 
lose energy): there is no reason why 
their industry should f. non est cur 
eorum languescat industria, Cic. Sen. 9, 
28: the mind f.s, mens 1., Quint.: v. To 
LANGUISH. 2, laxo, 1 (in pass. or 


|. A banner: vexil- 
|]. A water 
1, acorus, i, 7, 








FLAMEN 


with pron. refl.): the whole body, as it 
were f.ing (becoming unstrung), tote 
corpore velut laxato, Petr. Sat.128. 3, 
refrigesco, frixi, 3 (lit. to grow cold 
again; heuce of matters which lose in- 
terest and life): the preparations for 
war will f., belli apparatus refrigescent, 
Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 30: the speech f.s, oratio 
r., Quint. 4, 3, 2: when law business be- 
gins to f. (slacken) in the forum at 
Rome, quum Romae a judiciis forum 
refrixerit, Cic. Att. 1, I. 4, frigeo, 2 
(denotes the actual state to which refri- 
gesco implies a tendency): conversation 
fs, sermo f., Ter. Phr.: we ought not 
so to let our courage f., non debenus ita 
cadere animis, Cic. (v. DISCOURAGED, TO 
BE). 

ee ship: perh. navis praetoria: cf. 

iv. 


flag-staff : hastile, 
manubrium. 

flageolet: tibia: v. FLUTE. 

flagitious: fiagitiosus: the most f. 
(disgraceful and scandalous) crimes, 
flagitiosissima scelera, Sall.: Cic.: v. 
SHAMEFUL, INFAMOUS. A /f, action, 
flagitium: v. CRIME. 

flagitiously : flagitiosé : e. g. vivere, 
Cic.: V. SHAMEFULLY. 

flagitiousness: turpitido: trials 
branded with signal f., judicia imsigni 
notata t., Cic. Clu. 22, 61: V. DISGRACE. 
Sometimes the pl. of flagitium may 
serve: what f., quanta flagitia! cf. L.G. 


§ 591. 

Maron 1, lagéna (a tall narrow 
necked vessel): Cic.: Hor. Dimin 
laguncula, a small vessel of the kind: v. 
FLASK. 2. crater, Eris, m.. and crae 
téra, ae, f. (for mizing in): v. BOWL. 

flagrancy: néquitia, infamia: v. 
INFAMY. 

flagrant: uearest words perh. né- 
farius, néfandus: v. HEINOUS, ABOMIN- 
ABLE. (N.B.—Not flagrans: flagranti 
crimine deprehendi, Just. Cod. 9, 13, ad 
init., is to be caught in the act.) 

flail : 1. pertica: to thrash out 
crops with f.s, messes perticis flagellare, 
Plin. 18, 30, 72 (but pertica is also used 
of any staff or cudgel, cf. Pl. As. 3, 2, 43: 
nimis vellem habere icam qua ver- 
berarem asinos). , fustis, is, m. (a 


perh. vexilli 


| staff, cudgel): to thrash corn with fs, 


spicas fustibus cudere, Col. 2, 21. a 
baciilus (a stick): Col. 1. ¢, 

flake; no exact word: snow fs, 
perh. plumeae nives, Arnob. 2, 59, 84: 
“the frequent f.s” (Cowper), *assiduae 
nives (?): door-posts blackened with the 
constantly falling f.s of smoke (soot), 
assidua postes fuligine nigri, Virg. E. 7 
50: f.s of tron, copper, squamae ferri, 
aeris, Plin.: Cels. 

flaky: of snow, perh. plimeus v. 
preced. art.): of minerals, *squamarum 
naturam habens: v. FLAKE (fin.). 

flambeau: fax, facis, f.: v. TORCH. 

flame (subs.): flamma: ruddy f.s 
Tutilae f., Ov.: to feed a flame, alere f., 
Quint.: to quench a f., f. exstinguere, 
Ov.: to fan a f., f. exsuscitare aura, 
Ov. Fig.: the f. of love, amoris f., Cic. 
Verr. 5, 35, 92: stripling worthy of a 
better f., digne, puer, meliore f., Hor. Od. 
I, 27,20: he caught the f. in all his heart, 
cuncto concepit pectore f., Cat. 64, 92: 
the f. of civil discord, f. civilis discordiae, 
Cic. Dimin. flammula, a small f., as 
of a candle, Col. (appy. not used fig.). 
Phr.: to be in f.s, ardere, flagrare: v. 
TO BURN. 

flame (v.): 1, flagro, 1: v. To 
BLAZE, (BE ON) FIRE. 2. flammo, 
1: chiefly in pres. part.: Vv. FLAMING. 

flame-coloured: 1. flammeus, 
Plin. 21, 11, 38: Val. Fl 2. fiam- 
miatus (poet.): Mart. 5,19, 12 (al. flam- 
maris). 3, rittilus, riitilans: v. RUDDY 

4, expr. by circuml., *flammae col 

orem habens, flammarum colore nitens. 

flamen: flamen, inis, m.: the f. of 
Jove, f. Dialis, Liv. ; of Mars, f. Mar. 
tialis, Cic.; of Romulus. f. Quirinalis 


Varr. The office of f., flaminium, Cic 
Phil. 13, 19, 41: Liv.: a f’s wife 
flaininica, Ov. Fast. 2, 27. 





FLAMING 


FLATTERER 





flaming: _ 1. flammans, ntis: the 
#. barriers of Lo world, f. moenia 
mundi, Lucr. 1, 74: Virg. 2, fla- 
grans, ntis (blazing : on fire): Virg. 
3. flammifer, éra, rum (mostly 
poet.): a star with a f. tail, f. trahens 
ella comam, Ov.: the f. chariot of the 
sun, f. currus solis, Sil. 4, flammiger, 
éra, rum (poet.): Lucan. 


flamingo: phoenicoptérus: Plin. 
(Linn.). 
flank (subs. : |. Of an animal: 


ilia, ium, 7.: to draw the F8 together 
(as a broken- winded horse), i. ducere, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9: Virg.: Plin. ll. 
Of an army: latus, éris, n. (Vv. SIDE): 
he stations the cavalry on the f.s, equites 
ad latera disponit, Caes.: to surround 
an enemy on the rear, on the fs, (hostes) 
ab tergo, lateribus cireumvenire, Sall. 
Jug. 50, fin.: on both f.s, ab utroque |., 
Caes. B. C. 1, 25, fin.: the exposed 
(right) f.. apertum 1., Caes. B. G. 1, 25. 
ank (v.): expr. by latus (v. preced. 

art.): his line of battle was f.'d with 
cavalry, equitatus latera cingebat, Caes. 
B.C. 1, 83: both wings were f.'d by a 
rising ground, *ab utroque latere tu- 
mulus erat. 

flank (as adj.): Phr.: to effect a f. 
movement, praeter castra hostium copias 
traducere, cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 48. 

flannel; *textura quaedam crassior 


ex lana faeta. 
wa? (subs.): |, Of a dress, etc.: 
ja (v. LAPPET): the double fs 
sel From (a goat's) neck, laciniae a 
cervice binae dependentes, Plin. 8, 50, 76. 
Il. A blow: perh, ilapa (onomatop. 
like the Eng.): v. sLAP, BLOW. 
flap (v.): |. Trans.: Phr.: 
f. the wings, alis plaudere, Virg. Aen. a 
516; plaudere pennis, Ov. Met. 8, 238: to 
f. away flies, *muscas (lacinia vestis, 
flabello) abigere: v. TO DRIVE AWAY. 
. Intrans.: to hang loosely: 
Muito, 1: sails fing at the top of the 
mast, vela summ4 fiuitantia malo, Ov. 
Met. 11, 470: Prop. (to expr. the sound, 
cum plausu may be added: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 5, 215). 
flare; flagro, 1: v. To BLAZE. 
flash (subs.): |, Brightness, sheen : 
fulgor, Oris, m.: the f. of arms, f. ar- 
morum, Hor.: the f. of mirrors, f. spe- 
culorum, Plin. 7, 15,13. Prov.: af. 
in the pan, fumum ex f. dare, Hor. A. 
P. 143: ¥. BRIGHTNESS, I]. Of light- 
ning : fulgur, fulmen (the latter refer- 
ring to the lightning as striking and 
destroying) : V. LIGHTNING. 
flash (v.): 1. fulgeo, si, sum, 2: 
the glittering swords f.’d, micantes ful- 
sere yladii, Liv.: the fires (lightnings) 
fd, ignes fulsere, Virg. Aen. 4, 167: 
cats’ eyes f. and beam in the dark, fe- 
lium in tenebris f. micantque oculi, 
Plin. 11, 37, 55- 2. cdrusco, 1 (with 
@ quick, glittering movement): v. TO 
GLITTER. 3. riitilo, 1 (with a ruddy 
gleam): to f. through the clear sky (of 
the armour of eae per sudum r., 
we Aen. 8, 529: Tac. 4, mico, ui, 
1 (with quick, Barting rays): fire f.s 
from his eyes, m. oculis ignis, Virg. : 
Lucr.: v. TO GLITTER. 5, Emico, ui, 
atum, 1 (to f. and dart forth): light- 
nings f. forth from every quarter of 
the sky, fulgura ab omni parte coeli e., 
Curt. : Quint. 
flashing (adj 1, fulgidus : 
Hor.: Lucr. Pate ntis: Cic.: 
Hor. 3. cdruseus: Vv, GLITTERING. 
flashy: perh. ficdsus, ficatus: v. 
FALSE, FICTITIOUS. 
flask: 1, ampulla (of swelling, 
rounded form): Cic.: Plin. A maker 
of such f.s, ampullarius, Pl. Rud. 3, 4, 
ae 9. ligunciila (dimin. of lagena, 
om; used on excursions, etc.) : 
Plin. Ep. t, 6, 3. 
flat (adj): |. Of surface: 
aequus (only of ground in this sense) : 
vy. LEVEL. Q. planus: a ff. fish, p. 
piscis, Plin. 9, 20, 36. 3. campester, 
tris, tre (of level tracts of country: ope. 
to montanus, collinus); Varr. 
pronus (of persons lying f. on 10 fice: 


to stretch a man f. upon the ground, 
aliquem pronum sternere solo, Virg.: 
an oak growing for a little way f. 
along the ground, ilex paulum modo 
p., Sall. Jug. 93, med. Phr.: tolay f., 
sternere, prosternere: Vv. TO LEVEL, 
PROSTRATE. I]. Insipid, dull: al 
vapidus (of wine that has lost its fla- 
vour): f. wine, v. vinum, Col. (subs. 
vappa: cf. Plin. 14, 20, 25: deperit sapor 
vappaeque accipit nomen): Hor. 2: 
(fig.) frigidus (dull, stale): (jokes) like 
these are f., haec f. sunt, Cic. de Or. 2, 
64, 260° Vv. FRIGID, DULL, To be f. or 
dull, frigeo, 2 (v. TO FLAG, 3): the mar- 
ket was very J., *annona admodum fri- 
gebat (comp. annonam incendere, ex- 
candefacere, to raise prices, Varr. R. R. 
3, 2, ad fin.). 8. insulsus: v. DNsrPrp. 
Il]. Sheer, utter: mérus: f. pro- 

digies, m. monstra, Cic. Att. 4, 7, 1. 
Phr.: to tell a f. lie, aperte mentiri, 
Cic.: to give a f. denial, plane, aperte 
(perb. sine fuco et fallaciis, cf. Cic. Att. 
1, 1) negare, Cic. (Vv. OPENLY): ‘‘our 
only hope is f. despair’’ (Milt.), una 
salus victis nnllam sperare salutem, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 354. IV. 
below pitch : 
tume) atque infra accentum cantare (?). 

flat (subs.): |. A level surface: 
planities, @i: v. PLAIN. I]. A storey: 
tabilatum: v. STOREY. I]. Colloq. 
a foolish person : homo ineptus, insulsus, 
stultus: v. FOOL. lV. In music, a 
note depressed by a semitone: (yocula) 
mollis (?): cf. Germ. moll. 

flatly : iperté, plane: v. PLAINLY. 

flatness : |. Levelness : iL 
planities, i (usu. the plain itself): on 
‘0 | account of the f. of the country (Assyria), 
propter p. regionum, Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2. 

2. aequalitas: v. LEVELNESS, ll. 

Fig., dulness: expr. by frigidus, frigeo 
(v. FLAT, II., 2): there is a little f. about 
the diction, *nonnibil frigidi sermo habet ; 
frigent haec plus aequo. 

flat-nosed; simus: /. ‘ids, s. ca- 
pellae, Virg. 

flatten: complano; planum facio, 
reddo: v. TO LEVEL. Phr.: flattened 
at the poles (the earth), *circa polos 
planior quam pro sphaerae ratione. 

flattening : complanatio (making 


level): Sen. Usu. better expr. by verb: 
v. preced. art. 
flatter : 1, Adilor, less freq. 


adulo, 1 (usu. with acc.; also dat., esp. 
in latter writers: strictly, to fawn upon, 
as a dog): to f. everybody, omnes adu- 
lari, Cic.: he f.'d those present, prae- 
sentibus adulatus est, Liv. In pass. 
(rare): we must beware of letting our- 
selves be fd, cavendum est ne nos adu- 
lari sinamus, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91. 2. as- 
sentor, 1 (strictly, to fall in with every 
thing a man says: cf. Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 
21: with dat.): he most opens his ears 
to flatterers who fs himself, is assenta- 
toribus patefacit aures suas maxime, qui 
ipsi sibi a., Cic. Am. 26, 97: to f. with 
looks, vultu a., Curt. 
(in a@ winning manner; with fair 
speeches: with dat.): pleasure sweetly 
(insinuatingly) f.s our senses, voluptas 
suaviter sensibus nostris b., Cic. Acad. 
2, 45, 139: they openly f. our order, 
nostro ordini palam blandiuntur, PI. 
Cist. 1, 1, 35. 4, palpor, 1 (strictly, 
by caressing: with dat.): to i. any one 
clumsily, alicui male p., Hor. S. 2, 1, 20. 

5, mulceo, 2: v. TO SOOTHE, (N. B. 


The pass. is usu. best expr. by invert- | 


ing the sentence: he was f.’d by every 
body, *omnes eum adulabantur, etc.) 
flatterer: 1, Adulator: J do not 
wish to be a praiser, lest I should seem to 
be a f., nolo laudator esse, ne a. videar, 
Auct. Her. Fem. adulatrix, Trebell. : 
Tert. 9, assentator (for syn., v. TO 
FLATTER): the f. always magnifies what 
the person whom he speaks to please, 
would have great, semper auget as. id 
quod is, cujus ad voluptatem loqnitur 
vult esse magnum, Cic. Am. 26, 98: to 
open one's ears to f.s, aures suas assen- 
tatoribus patefacere. Cic. 8. arrisor 
(one who laughs at So jokes of others): 


In music, | 
to sing f., *absurde (out of | 


! late): 








3. blandior, 4 | 





FLAVOUR 





the f. of silly rich men, stult- 
orum divitum a., Sen. 4. expr. by 
pres. part. (cf. L. G. § 638): no one 
Jails to discern an open /., nemo 
aperte adulantem non videt. Cic.: 
to scorn f.s, *assentantes, adulantes 
aspernari. 
flattering: 1, blandus (bland 
Sair-speeched) : to separate the f. friend 
JSrom the true, b. amicum a vero secer- 
nere, Cic. Am. 25, 95: Jf. pruises, b. 
laudes, Virg. 9, adilatorius: Lae. 
8. adilans: f. words, a. verba, 
Plin.: Tert. (N.B.—The adj. may often 
be attached to the person, rather than to 
the acts or language: to hate f. words, 
*adulantium verba odisse: v. preced. 
art.) Phr.: a f. likeness, *effigies s. 
imago magis venusta quam vera. 
flatteringly : 1, assentatorié : 
not f. but as a brother, non a, sed fra- 


terne, Cic. 2. adulatorié (v. rare) 
Aug. [better, adulantis more; or adu- 
lando: cf. L. G. § 541, exx.]. 3. 


blandé (tn @ winning, insinuating man- 
ner): Cic. 4, per blunditias: to say 
anything f., per b. dicere, Suet. Ner. 34. 

flattery : 1, adiilatio (most gen. 
term): Join: adulatio, blanditia, as- 
sentatio, Cic. Am. 25, 91: for syn. v. TO 
FLATTER. 2. assentatio: puffed up 
with f., inflatus assentationibus, Liv. : 
Cic. Dimin. assentatiuncula, petty f., 
Pl: Cic. 8. ambitio (the act of 
courting favour, by dishonest means) 
to be guilty of f., ambitione labi, Cic. 
Br. 69, 244: without f., a. relegata, Hor. 
5. 1, 10, 84 [but the passage is vari- 
ously explained]: Suet. 4. blandi- 
tia (usu. pl.: insinuating address): to 
gain the goodwill of the citizens by f. 
of them, colligere benevolentiam civium 
blanditiis, Cic.: Suet.: Tac. 5, blan- 
dimentum (in pl., acc. to L. G. § $91) 
perverted by threats or f., minis aut 
blandimentis corruptus, Cic. Tuse. 5, 
31, 87: V. BLANDISHMENT. 6. expr. 
by pres. part. of adulor, assentor: to 
despise f., adulantes, assentantes asper- 
nari; adulantium verba spernere: v 
L. G. § 638, Obs. 2. 

flatulency: 1. inflatio: this food 
produces great f., habet inf. magnam is 
cibus, Cic. Div. 1, 30, 62: Cels.: to re 
lieve f., inf. sedare, Plin. 9. vento. 
Sitas: Veg. Vet. 1. 3g: Coel. Aur. 

flatulent: expr. by inflatio: /. food, 
cibus qui inflationem haber, Cic.: 7. 
persons, *inflatione (ventris) laborantes : 
V. FLATULENCY. 

flaunt: volito, 1 (to flit or hover 
about): and now he roams through all 
Asia, he f.s like a king, et nunc tota 
Asia vagatur, v. ut rex, Cic. Phil. 11, 
2; \extr.':) Vv. TO Fut.) Phr.: see? 
yonder f.s the very man, ipse, en, ille 
magnifice incedit! Liv. 2, 6: how su- 
perbly he f.s along, ut magnifice infert 
sese! Pl. Ps. 4,1, 7: tof. in magnificent 
attire, *magnifico lateque fluitanti ves- 
titu incedere. 

flaunting (adj.): Phr.: ‘useless 
ornament and f. show” (Dryden), *mun- 
ditiae illae inutiles vanoque aspectu : 
ef. Tac. Agr. 32, med. 

flavour (subs.): 1, Sipor: a 
sweet f., dulcis s., Hor.: a pleasant 7., 
jucundus s., Pl.: @ rough f., 8. asper, 
Plin.: a tart f..s. acidulus, Plin.: oil 
of very fine f., oleum praestantissimum 
sapore, Plin. 9. succus or siicus 
(strictly juice): to be inferior in f., 
succo cedere, Hor. S. 2, 4, 70: ae 
Plin. 8, saliva (meten.: rare): 
on the f. of thrushes, tardorum ee 

Pers. 6, 24: the natural f. of every 
ze ied is most harmless, sua cuique vinc 
s. innocentissima, Plin. 23,1. 22. Phr. 
to have a f. of a thing, sapére: to have 
avery pleasant f., Jucundissime s., Co}, 
4, 8, med.: to have the f. of a (parti- 
cular) plant, herbam s., Plin. 11, 8. 8. 

flavour (v.): 1. imbuo, i, itum, 
3 (lit. to soak, saturate with: cf. Plin. 
15, 8, 8: dolia imbui amurca jubet): 
to be f.’d with a particular fragrance, 
odore imbui, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 6y: to Be 
with nectar (fig.), nectare 1, Hor. Od 

305 


FLAW 





FLEETNESS 


FLEXIBILITY 





I, 13, 16. 2. inficio, féci, fectum, 3 
honey f.'d with leaves, mel foliis infec- 
tum, Plin. 11, 13, 13. to become f.’d (of 
olives), alieno sapore infici, Plin. 15, 3, 
4. 3, (in pass.) sapio, ui, 3 (sometimes 
with acc.) : v. FLAVOUR, subs. (fin.). 

flaw: 1, vitium: no f. in walls 
or roof, nihil in parietibus aut in tecto 
vitii, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, extr.: to contract 
a f., Vv. facere, Cic. Top. 3, 15. Fig.: 
there isa f.in the argument, v. est in 
argumento, Cic. 2, mendum, menda 
V. BLEMISH. 

flawless: émendatus, sine mendo: 
V. FAULTLESS, PERFECT. 

flax: 1, linum: a crop of f., 
lini seges, Virg.: to pluck, macerate, 
beat, cumb f.. 1. vellere, in aqu.m mer- 
gere, macerare, tundere, pectere, Plin. 


19, 1, 3: fineness, firmness, brilliancy | 


of f., lini tenuitas, firmitas, splendor, 
candor, Plin. 19, 1, 2 2, carbasus, 
i, f. (fine Spanish f.): Plin.: Cat. 


flaxen: . Of the material: 1, 
lineus: 7. bands, 1. vincula, Virg.: /. 
robes, 1. vestes, Plin.: v. LINEN. O). 


carbaseus : fine f. awnings, c. vela, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 12, 30 Virg. [|]. Of colour : 
perh. sufflavus (inclining to auburn): 
Suet. Aug. 79. (More precisely, *lipi 
speciem habens. ) 

flay: 1. dégliibo, psi, ptum, 3: 7 
is the part of a good shepherd to shear 
the flock, not to f. them, boni pastoris 
est tondere pecus non d., lib. in Suet. 
vit. 32, extr.: to f. a man alive, ali- 


quem vivum d., Varr. ap. Non. 2). 
excorio, I (v. rare): Apul. fr. 3. 
expr. by pellis, ciitis, tergus, and a 


verb: the gall (of a bull) when f.'d, fel 
post detractam cutem, Plin. 28, ¥2, 50: 
they hastily f. (the beasts), tergora deri- 
piunt costis, Virg. Aen. 1, 211. 
flea: pulex, icis, m.: Pl.: Plin. 
Full of f.s, pulicosus, e. g. canis, Col. 
flea-bane;: conyza: Plin. 
flea-bite: *pulicis morsus. 
flea-wort;: psyllion, i: Plin. 

fleck (swbs.): maciila: v. spor. 

fleck (v.): maciilo, maculis distinguo : 
Vv. TO SPOT. 

fledged (part. adj.): 1. plu- 
mans, ntis: the young birds being just 
about f., pullis jam jam plumantibus, 
Gell. 2, 29, ad init. 2, plimatus: 
V. FEATHERED. Phr.: as soon as they 
are f., *simul ac plumis obducti sint: 
v. PLUMAGE. 

flee, flee from: _1. figio, fugi, 
fiigitum, 3 (both trans. and intrans.): 
to f. from converse with men, f. con- 
ventus hominum, Caes.: a wolf fled 
from me unarmed, lupus me fugit iner- 
mem, Hor. Absol.: he is said to have 
fled with a large sum of money, fugisse 
cum magna pecunia dicitur, Cic. Rep. 
2, 19: he fled from the town, oppido 
fugit, Cae B.C. 3, 29: Aeneas when 
fing from Troy, Aeneas fugiens a 
Troja, Cic. Verr. 4, 35,72 (without the 
prep. it would mean only that he le/t 
Troy ; with the prep., it is implied that 
he kept out of the way of Troy, and 
directed his course elsewhere). Fig.: 
the winds lull, and the clouds f., con- 
cidunt venti, fque nubes, Hor.: the 
colour had fled from his face, fugerat 
ex ore color, Ov. For other senses, v. 
TO AVOID. Fiequent. fiigito,1: to make 
repeated efforts to flee: the frogs f. 
hither and thither to escape death, 
(ranae) fugitant mortem, Phaedr. 1, 2, 
25. 2. expr. by fiiga and a verb: 
the king fled for his life, rex fuga salu- 
tem petit. Nep. Hann. 11 v. FLIGHT. 
Phr.: all hope has fled, occidit spes 
omnis, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 70: all these 
charms are fled, *periit venustas ; pe- 
riere deliciae: living viitue we hate; 
when it is fled from our eyes, we regret 
it, virtutem incotumem odimus; sub- 
latam oculixs quaerimus, Hor. Ud. 3, 24, 
31. See also foll. art. 

—— asunder: i.e. in different di- 
rections: diffiigio, 3: pale with terror 
at the sight, ue f. hither and thither, 
diffugimus visu exsangues, Virg. Aen. 
2, 212: Cic. 

306 


| 85; ad aram c., Ov. 


flee away: _ 1. aufigio, 4 (rare): 
he had fled a good space from the scene 
of the combat, aliquantum spatii ex eo 
loco ubi pugnatum est aufugerat, Liv. 
1, 25, med. With acc.: fing from the 
Jace of her parent (of Andromeda), au- 
fugiens (al. eff.) aspectum parentis, Cic. 
poet. N. D. 2, 43, 111. 9. figio, 3: 
Vv. TO FLEE. 

— back: réfiigio, 3: to f. back to 
the city, ad urbem r., Liv.: she fled back 
into the forest, in sylvam refugit, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 250. 

— to: esp. for refuge: 1. con- 
figio, 3: Alexandria, whither Antony 
had fled, Alexandria, quo confugerat 
Antonius, Suet.: the rest they compelled 
to f. to their ships, reliquos in naves 
c. coegerunt, Caes.: to f. (for refuge) to 
an altar, in aram c¢., Cie. Tusc. 1, 33, 
Fig.: we f. for 
refuge to your protection, confugimus in 
tuam fidem, Cic. Quint. 2, 10; also freq. 
ad fidem, clementiam, etc., Cic.: Liv. 

2. perfiigio, 3 (implying that the 
place of refuge is actually reached) : 
(Heraclides) on being expelled by Diony 
sius, fled to Corinth, Corinthum per- 
fugit, expulsus a Dionysio, Nep. Dion 
5: to f. for safety to any one, ad ali- 
quem p., Liv.: Curt. 8, advolo, 1: 
Vv. TO FLY TO. 

fleece (subs.): vellus, éris, n.: f.s 
that have drunk the dye of Aquinim, | 
Aquinatem potantia vellera fucum, | 
Hor. Ep. 1, 10,27: a woolly f., lanige- 
rum v., Ov. 

fleece (v. t.): i.e. to pillage by ex- 
tortion: 1, spolio, 1: 7 you f. our 
allies and pillage the treasury, si socios 
spolias, aerarium expilas, Cic. Par. 6, 1, 
43: comicé, to f., dock, and mangle any 
one you get hold of, spoliare, mutilare, 
lacerare quemquam nactus sis, ler. Hec, 
Py) te 9. expilo, 1: to f. the allies, 
socios ex., Cic.: cf. supr. 

fleecy: laniger, éra, érum : f. flocks, 
l. greges, Virg.: Plin.: v. WOOLLY. 
Phr.: thin f. clouds are wafted o’er 
the sky, tenuia lanae per coelum vellera 
feruntur, Virg. G. 1, 397. 

fleet (swbs.): classis, is, f.: to build 
and equip a f., c. aedificare et ornare 





(instruere), Cic.: to get ready a f., c. 
parare, Liv.: to collect a f., c. compa- 
rare, Cic.: to have command of a f., 
classi praeesse, Cic.: to enlist for the f., 
nomen in classem dare, Liv. 28, 45, 
Jjin.: to man the Roman f. with sailors, 
c. Romanam sociis navalibus complere, 
Liv. 
with farm labourers and shepherds, 
naves colonis et pastoribus complere, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 56: Liv.: v. SHIP. 

fleet (adj.): 1, céler, Gris, Gre: 
v. SWIFT. 9, voliver, cris, cre (as it 
were winged, flying): f. horses, v. equi, 

v.: f. breezes, v. aurae, Virg.: Hor. 

3. fiigax, acis (given torun away) : 

fleeter than the winds and the winged 
breeze, ventis volucrique fuguacior aura, 
Ov.: Hor. 

fleeting (adj.) : 1, fiigax, acis 
(quick to take fl ight) : the f. years glide 
by, f. labuntur anni, Hor. Od. 2, 14, 1 
most f. blessings, fugacissima bona, Sen. 
Ep. 74, 8 9. fluxus (flowing away 
like a stream): human affairs, f. and 
changeable, humanae res f. et mobiles, 
Sall. Jug. 104: f. glory, f. gloria, Sall.: 
Cic. 3. cadticus (ready to fall, un- 
reliable) : human affairs are frail and 
J. ves humanae fragiles c.que sunt, 


Cic.: v. FRatL. 4, Volatilis, e (fly- 
ing; winged): f. life, v. aetas, Ov. M. 
10, 519: glury is a vain and f. thing, 


gloria vanum et v. quiddam est, Sen. 
Ep. 123, fin. 5, voliicer, cris, cre: 
V. FLEET, WINGED. 6. lubricus (lit. 
SUPPOSE yliding softly away). the f. 
year, 1. annus, Ov. A. A. 3, 364 ee 
shade escapes the grasping hands, 1 
prensautes effugit umbra manus, Ov 
Fast. 5 47 7, lévis, e: the f. hours, 
]. horae, Ov. : V. LIGHT. 

fleetly; célériter: v. SwIFTLY. 

fleetness; veéldcitas, pernicitas: v. 
SWIFTNESS. 


Q. expr. by naves: to man af. | 





flesh (subs.): _ |, Inordinary sense - 
1, caro, carnis, Jf. (strictly, f. as 
meat; whereas viscus denotes lwing 
flesh: but the distinction is not always 
adhered to): to live on milk and f., 
lacte et carne vivere, Caes.: raw 
cruda c., Sen.: f. of game, c. ferina, or 
ferina alone as subs., Sall.: Virg. (v. 
GAME): J. of oxen, carnes bubulae, Plin. 
(in designating diff. kinds of flesh, such 
adjj. aS agnina, vitulina, canina, are 
used as subss., like ferina, swpr.). Some- 
times used contemptuously: never shall 
this f. drive me to /ear, nunquam me 
c. ista compellet ad metum, Sen. Ep. 65, 
22: also used of the /leshy part of fruits 
(v. PULP). Dimin. carunciila: to put 
trust in @ little bit of calves’f. (the 
exta), carunculae vitulinae credere, Cic. 
Divi2; 245052: 2. corpus, doris, n.: 
the bones placed under the f., o>sa sub- 
jecta corpori, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139: Z 
have lost both strength and f., vires et 
c. amisi, Cic. Fam. 7, 26: on what fare 
have you made so much f., quo cibo tan- 
tum fecisti corpuris? Phaedr. 3, 7, 5: 
diet adapted for making f., cibi potio- 
nesque corpori faciendo aptae, ae 
Hence of, or belonging to f., 
reus: the shoulder of f. (of Pelope), 
humerus c., Ov. M. 6, 406: food con- 
sisting of Fs c, dapes, Ov. 3. viscus, 
eris, n. (comp. supr. 1: see also INTES- 
| TINES): f. (he said) was produced from 
small particles of J., de minutis visceri- 
bus visezs gigni, Lucr. 1, 837: from the 
putrid f. spring bees, de putri v. nas- 
cuntur apes, Ov. M. 15, 365 : darts stick- 
ing fast in the f. (under the skin), 
haerentia viscere tela, Ov. Met. 6, 290: 
when the tunic had fastened itself upon 
his f., cum tunica visceribus inhae- 
sisset, Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20. 4, pulpa 
(f. without bone: rare): to devour the 
J. of a suspicious leg of pork, p. dubio 
de petasone vorare, Mart. 3, 37,6: bones 
stripped of the f., ossa viduata pulpis, 
Apul. Fig.: this polluted f. of ours, 
haec scelerata p., Pers. 2, 63: Auson. 
|]. As theol. term: the carnal na- 

ture: caro, carnis, f.: Vulg. Rom, viii. 
1. Or perhaps, libidines corporis (v. 
Lust). Phr.: pleasure of the f., cor- 
poris voluptas, Cic.: v. BODILY. 

flesh (v.): to imbrue a sword with 
blood, imbuo, i, titum, 3 (to dip in, 
drench): uhenonce he had f.’d his sword, 
quum semel gladium sanguine imbuis- 
set, cf. Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 20. 

flesh-broth: *jus carnibus factum: 
V. BROTH. 

flesh-colour ; candor carnosus: Plin. 
Il, 37, 54- 

fiesh-coloured: carnésus: Plin. 

flesh-hook: carnarium: Varr.: Pl. 

flesh-wound: vulnus qui in carne 
est: Cels. 5, 26, 3, extr. 

fleshiness: |. Fleshy nature: 
*carnis s. corporis natura. Phr.: “a@ 
diet puffing up the soul with a slimy f- 
(Milt.), *cibus qui animum quasi lubrico 
quodam carnis genere implet atque in- 
flat. Sometimes caro will serve: he (Aes- 
chines) has more f., less thews, varnis 
plus habet, lacertorum minus, Quint. To, 
1,77. I]. Corpulence: qv. 

fleshliness: in theol. sense, carna- 


litas: Aug. 

fleshly ; in theol. sense, carnalis, e 
Vulg.: Tert.: v. CARNAL, 

fleshy: |. Of the nature of flesh: 


*carnis Ss. visceris natura hubens: v. 
FLESH. The f. crest of the cuck, insigne 
corporeum gallinacei, Pliner) set 
|]. Abounding in flesh : carnosus : 
f. hands, legs, c. manus, crura, Plin.: f- 
leaves, c. folia, Plin. 16, 6, 8. 
flexibility: |. Lit: 1, len 
titia: twigs of pliant f. for bands 
(withes), virgae sequacis ad vincturas L, 
Plin. 16, 37, 68. 2. lentor: the ash 
is chosen on account of ts f , the oale for 
its hardness, lentore fraxinus, duritia 


| ilex legitur, Plin. 16, 43,84. (May usu. 


be expr. by adj.: no trve exceeds the 
willow in f., nulla arbor salice flexibi- 
lior: V. FLEXIBLE. ) |. Fig.: of cha- 





racter: mollitia, mollities: a kind of 








a FLEXIBLE 


FLOAT 


tenderness and f., teneritas quaedam et | Latins were routed and put to f., Latini 
mollities, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58: agility | fusi et fugati sunt, Cic.: Caes.: v. TO 


and, so to speak, f. of nature, agilita-, 


| DRIVE AWAY (2). 2, impello, pili, 


ut ita dicam, mollitiesque, Cic. Att. 1, | pulsum, 3 (to give a shock to: in milit. 
17,1. (Oftener used in bad sense: v.| sense): at the first onset he put the 


SOFTNESS, EFFEMINACY.) 
easiness of being wrought upon): the 
. of childhood, f. (puerilis) aetatis. 
Quint. 1, 12, 11. (Or expr. by adj.: 
diction of such f. as to follow wherever 
you turn it, oratio ita flexibilis, ut se- 
quatur quocunque torqueas, Quint.: v. 
FLEXIBLE.) N.B.—Flexibilitas is with- 
out good authority. 

flexible: 1, flexibilis, e (it, and 
jig.): that the material of all things is 

f. and changeable, materiam rerum esse 
f. et commutabilem, Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 
92: the wood of the vine f. for chariots, 
ad currus f. vitis, Plin. 16, 43, 83: a@ Jf. 
kind of voice, genus vocis f., Cic. N. D. 
2, 58, 146: they have nothing in them 
that is not f. towards goodness, nibil 
habent non f.ad bonitatem, Cic. Att. Io, 
11, init.: f. diction, oratio f., Cic. Or. 
16, 52. Q. flexilis, e (only in lit. 
sense): all f. (trees), f. omnia [quae 
lenta diximus], Plin. 16, 43, 83: a J. 
horn, f. cornu, Ov. 3. lentus (ough; 
opp. to brittle): f. boughs, |. rami, Virg. : 
more f.than willow boughs, lentior sa- 
licis virgis, Ov. M. 13, 800: a f. whip, 
L. flagellum, Phaedr. 3, 6, 6 Plin. 16, 
43, 83 (v. supr.). Hence, fo become f., 
lentesco, 3: if a willow ts not f. enough, 
it must be buried in manure so as to 
become f., salix si minus Il. est, in ster- 
core obruenda, ut lentescat, Col. 11, 2, 
al fin. 4, mollis, e: the f. rush, m. 
juncus, Virg.: f. linden trees, m. tiliae, 
Ov. : Vv. SOFT, YIELDING. 

flicker: |. Originally of any quick 
fluttering motion, e. g., of birds, leaves: 
volito, 1: v.T0 FLUTTER. Holland ren- 

ders Pliny’s ludentia folia (18, 35, 86), 
by “leaves that flicker and play.” ||, 
Now only of light or flame: 1. tré- 
pido, r: the flames f., as they whirl the 
sooty smoke on their crest, sordidum 
flammae t. (=tremulo motu agitantur, 
Dor.) rotantes vertice fumum, Hor. Od. 
4, II, 11. 9. cdrusco, 1: ¥. TO FLASH, 
GLITTER. See also foll art. 

flickering (adj.): ], trémilus: 

the flame sheds a f. beam, flamma t. 
spargit jubar, Oy. Fast. 1, 78: f. flames, 
t. flammae, Virg. E. 8, 105. Q. tré- 
pidans: v. preced. art. 

flier: rare: a bird that is a good f., 
*avis quae bene s. celeriter volat. 

flight: |. The motion of flying 
creatures : 1, volatus, ts: warned 
by the f. of an eagle, aquilae admonitus 
volatu, Cic. Div. 1, 15, 26 (elsewhere 

Cic. has involatus in same sense, Fam. 
6, 6) : to be borne in Pegasean f., Pegaseo 
ferri v., Cat. 2. iapsus, ts, (any glid- 
ing motion): the f.s and songs of birds, 
avium lapsus atque cantus, Cic. N. D. 2, 
39, 99: with swift f. through the sky (of 
goddesses), celeri per aether 1., Val. FL. : 
to stay the rapid f. of rivers, rapidos 
fluminum moraril., Hor. §, nisus, tis 
with effort; soaring f.: poet.) : rapid 

Ss rapidus n., Virg. Aen. 11, 852: un- 
wonted f.s, insoliti n., Hor. Od. 4, 4, 8. 

H. Escape by fleeing: 1, figa: 
the soldiers take to f., dant sese in fugam 

milites, Cic. Verr. 4. 43, 95; simly, in f. 
se conferre, Cic. Caec. 8, 22; se in f. con- 

jicere, Cic. Coel. 26, 63; f. capere, Caes. ; 

f. facere, Sall.: Liv. (but f. facere is also 
to cause f., Liv.1, 56): to put the enemy 
to f., hostes in f. dare, conjicere, Caes, ; 

vertere, Liv. 2, effiigium: v. ESCAPE. 

II]. A large number of birds, etc., 

Jiying, no exact word: Virg. has agmen 
magnum, of ravens, G.1, 381. Af. of 
locusts, examen locustarum, Liv.: v. 

SWARM, MULTITUDE. IV. Of stairs: 

scala, more freq. pl.: I live up three fis 

of stairs, scalis habito tribus, Mart. 1, 
11}, 8: by a f. of two hundred steps, 

per ducentos gradus, Mart. 7, 20, 20; 


Q, facilitas | enemy to f. (caused him to break), bos- 


tem primo impetu impulit, Liv. 9, 27, 
med. : more fully, in fugam imp., Cic. 
Rab. perd. 8, 22. See also TO DISPEL. 

flightiness: moObilitas, lévitas: v. 
FICKLENESS, 

flighty: modbilis, mitabilis, lévis: 
Vv. FICKLE. Or perh. more exactly, vO- 
laticus : applied by Cic. to the Academy, 
O Academiam volaticam et sui similem, 
modo buc, modo illuc, Cic. Att. 13, 25. 
Join: volaticus et levis, Sen. Ep. 
42, 4- : re 
flimsiness: |. Of fabrics: nimia 
subtilitas s. tenuitas: v. THINNESS. |], 
Of reasoning: emptiness, sophistry : 
perh. argitiae, arum: cf. Cic. Am. 
13, 35. 

flimsy: |. Of fabrics ; nimis sub- 
tilis, tenuis; praetenuis: v. THIN, FINE. 

||. Of reasoning: worthless, sophis- 

tical: frivdlus: cf. Gell. 2, 7, ad init.: 
argutiola quippe haec frivola et inanis : 
V. FRIVOLOUS, WORTHLESS. 

flinch: Pbhr.: J too have f-d be- 
neath the ferule, et nos manum ferulae 
subduximus, Juv. 1,15; and not a man 
Ff.ing, nec ullo pedem referente, Liv. 21, 
8, med. (Vv. TO FALL BACK): ozen f. from 
the yoke at first, detreciant prima juga 
boves, Ov. (v. TO SHRINK FROM). 

fling: jacio, conjicio, 3: v. To THROW. 

flint: silex, icis, m. and f.: to hew 
f., 8. caedere, Cic,: to pave roads with f., 
vias silice sternere, Liv. 28, 38: to strike 
alight with a f., silici scintillam exen- 
dere, Virg. Aen. I, 174: sometimes with 
lapis or saxum, a f. stone ; esp. in formal 
phraseology. that the feciales should 
bring each a f. stone, ut fetiales privos 
lapides silices ferrent, S.C. in Liv. 30, 
43, med. Fig.: we were not made of 
f., non silice nati sumus, Cic. Tuse. 3, 
6, 12. Of f. siliceus: Cato: Vitr. 
Fig.: a man of f. (of great fortitude), 
vir siliceus, Sen. Ira 3, 8, 1. 

flinty : siliceus (of flint): v. preced. 
art. 

flippancy: *volubilitas linguae te- 
meraria, cum levitate conjuncta: vy. foll. 
art. 

flippant: no exact word: perh. té- 
mérarius (reckless): a f. speech, *oratio 
temeraria et dignitate carens: af. man, 
*homo lingué promptior justo: to be f. 
over so grave a matter, in re tanta lu- 
dere, Plin. Ep.: v, TO TRIFLE. 

flippantly; *temere ac leviter (di- 
cere). 

flirt (subs.): no exact word. Ov. 
has desuitor amoris (a metaphor bor- 
rowed from circus-riders), Am. 3, 15: 
and Prop. for the other sex, vaga puella, 
I, 5,7 (2) Perh. *amator (puella) in- 
constans et levis; qui (quae) parum 
constans in amoribus est. 

flirt (v.): nearest word perh. amare: 
cf. Ter. Ad. £4, 1, 3: cur amat? cur 
potat? why does he f.? why go to drink- 
ing parties? more precisely, *parum 
constantem in amore se praebere ; mul- 
tos (multas) adamare. 

flirtation: *leves inconstantesque 
amores. 

flit; volito, 1: an infinite number 
of atoms f. about, infinita vis v. ato- 
morum, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54: shades f. 
about among the living, umbrae v. inter 
vivos, Lucr. 4, 42: tof. about the furum 
(gaily), v.in foro, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 173: 
Vv. TO HOVER. Comp. circwnvolito, to 
F. (or flutter) round: Virg.: Luer. 

itch ; succidia: Varr.: Cic. 

float (subs.): J. A raft: rates, 
is, f.: Vv. RAFT. Il. Of @ Jishing- 
line - *cortex (piscatorius). 

float (v.): A, Intrans.: |,to be 
suspended in fluid : 1, fluito, 1. a 
ship f.ing (drifting about) on the sea, 


the entrance is by a f. of forty steps, | navis fluitans in alto, Cic. Sext. 20, 46: 
per quater denos itur gradus, Ov. Pont. | in lake Apuscidamus everything J.s, in 


3, 2, 50: Cic.: Vv. STEP. 
— to put to: 


lacu A. omnia f., Plin. 31, 2, 18: the 


FLOCK 


rus, Orphei caput tristi fiuitavit Hebre 
Ov.: Liv. Q, nato,1 (swim: q.v.)* 
the greased hull f.s, n. uncta carina 
Virg. Of aerial motion, Lucan, 5, 554 

3. innato, 1 (tof. in or into some- 
thing: with various constr.). a pond 
}in which nothing will f., stagnum in 
quo nihil innatet, Plin. 31, 2, 18 (in Cic. 
| innato is to f. or suim into, foil. by in 
and acc.: N. D. 2, 48, 123): with acc, 
(poet.); the alder f.s upon the wave, 
undam i. alnus, Virg. G. 2, 451. 4. 
inno, I (with dat.): provided only they 
(the canoes) would f., dummodo i. aquae 
possent, Liv. 21, 26, jin.: Virg. Aen. 8, 
g3 (but inand abl. would be the more 
usu. prose sequence) 5. fluctuo, 
fluctuor, (strictly, to toss about on the 
waves: cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 35, 91): some 
islands are always f.ing about, quae- 
dam insulae semper fluctuant, Plin. 2, 
95,96: wood f.s, lignum fluctuatur, Plin. 
16, 38, 73. Il. Zo hang loosely: 1, 
pendeo, pépendi, peusum, 2: the clouds 
J. in the air, p. nubila, Virg. G. 1,214: @ 
swan was fang in the air, olor pende- 
bat in aére, Ov. 9. vodlito, invdlito, 
I: her hair f.s upon her shoulders, 
comae inv. bumeris, Hor. Od. 4, 10, 3: 
black ashes f. in the cloud, atra favilla 
in nimbo v., Virg.: v. TO HOVER. 3. 
fluo, xi, xum, 3: licks f.ing over the 
smooth breast, comae per levia colla 
fluentes, Prop. B, Trans.: t cause 
to float: Phr.: he f.s the ship down 
the river to Scodra, navem secundo 
amne Scodram demittit, Liv. 44, 31: 
the chest was f.’d towards the dark 
wood, alveus silvis appulsus opacis, 
Ov. F. 2, 407: to f. a vessel by bladders, 
*utriculis suppositis efficere ut fluitet 
navis. 

float down: défiuo, xi, xum, 3: the 
ram immersed f.s down the stream, 
aries mersus secundo d. amni, Virg. G. 
3,447: to f. down the Tiber to Ustia, 
Ostiam Tiberi d., Suet.: v. TO FLOA1 
(1.). 

— on the surface: siipernato, 1: 
that which f.s on the top is butter, quod 
s. butyrum est, Plin. 28, 9, 35: Col. 

flock (subs.): |. Of sheep, etc.: 

1, grex, grégis, m.: woolly f.s, 
lanigeri g., Virg.: Cic.: f.s of geese, 
greges anserum, Vart.; of birds, g 
avium, Hor.: Phaedr. Belonging to a 
J. gregarius, Col.: gregalis, Varr.: Plin. 
In f.s, gregatim, Col.: Plin. 2. pé- 
cus, Oris, 7. (cattle or f.s in a general 
sense): what care ts needed for keeping 
fs, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, Virg. 
G. 1,4: fs of sheep, goats, etc., pecus 
ovillum, caprinum, Col. 1, pref.: Vv. 
CATTLE, 3, Oves, ium, f.: Vv. SHEEP. 

I]. Qf wool: floccus: Varr.: Col. : 
v. LOCK. 

flock (v.): 1, affluo, xi, xum, 3 
(to rush to, in large numbers) : troops 
were f.ing to them as Jast as they could, 
ut quaeque potuerant, copiae affluebant, 
Liv. 39, 31: J find that a huge number 
have f.d to me, ingentem affluxisse in- 
venio numerum, Virg. Aen. 2, 796 
the auxiliary forces of the Gauls fing 
to him, affluentibus auxiliis Galloram, 
Tac. H. 4, 25. 9. confiuo, 3 (tof. to- 
gether): a great number of deserters f.'d 
to him every day, perfugarum magnus 
ad eum confluebat numerus, Caes. B. G. 
1, 44: many f.d both to Athens and 
into this city, multi confluxerunt et 
Athenas etinhanc urbem,Cic. 3, con- 
curro, curri, cursum, 3 (fo /. together; 
esp. hastily): a great number of youths f. 
to the Druids for the sake of instruction, 
ad Druides magnus adolescentium nu- 
merus disciplinae causa concurrit, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 13: great forces were f.ing to 
him, ad eum magnae copiae concurre- 
bant, Sall. Cat. 56, jin. 4, convdélo, 
I (to f. hastily together): the people f. 
together ; they are riotous, populus con- 
volat ; tumultuantur, Ter. Hec. prol 

| alt. 32: whof.'d together from all Italy 
to recall me, qui cuncta ex Italia ad me 
revocandum convolaverunt, Cic. 5. 
citcumfiuo, xi, xum, 3 (to f. rownd): 





1, fiigo, 1: the | head of Orpheus f’d down the sad Heb- | such a multitude of stags f..d round us, 


307 


FLOG 


tanta circumfluxit nos multitudo cer- 
vorum, Varr. R. R. 3, 13. 6. circum- 
fundor, fiisus, 3 (poet.): to f. round 
From every side, Virg. Aen. 2, 64. 

flog: 1, verbéro, 1: v. TO BEAT 
(A, 4). Join: pulsare atque verbe- 
rare, Cic. Vert. 5, 54, 142. 9. (in 
pass.) vapiilo, 1 (to be beaten): v. TO 
BEAT (A, 6.). 3. expr. by verbéra, 
virga, plaga: I will f. you to death, 
verberibus (te) caesum dedam usque ad 
necem, Ter. And. 1, 2,28: to f. a@ man 
to death, aliquem virgis ad necem cae- 
dere, Cic. Verr. 3, 28, 69; aliquem ver- 
beribus necare, Cic. in Pis. 33, 84; 
(pueros) ad necem verberibus accipere, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 14, 34. 

flogging (subs.): 1, verbératio: 
to give any one a marvellous f. (fig.), 
alicui mirificam v. dare, Cic. Fam. 16, 
27, init.: Dig. 9. verbéra, um, 2. 
(stripes, blows): you deserve a good f., 
dignus es multis v.: Pl.: Cic.: v. BEAT- 
NG (IL.). Fond of f., plagosus (of the 
schoolmaster Orbilius): Hor. Ep. 2, 


I, 70. 

flood (subs.): |. An inundation : 
dilivium, diliivies: v. DELUGE. Il. 
A stream, a large body of water : chiefly 
@ poet. usage: flamen, aequor, etc. : 
give the full rein to all your f.s, flumi- 
nibus vestris totas immittite habenas, 
Ov. Met. 1, 280: whelmed ’neath the 
bitter f. (of fate), flumine mersit acerbo, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 429: the chief part are 
swept away by the f., maxima pars unda 
rapitur, Ov. Met. 1, 311: Vv. RIVER, 
SEA, WATER. Il]. A copious outpour- 
ing; as of tears, words: flimen, 
inis, n.: and he moistens his face with 
a copious f. of tears, largoque humectat 
fi. vultum, Virg. Aen. 1, 465: a f. of 
pitch sent down from the sicy, picis e 
coelo demissum fi., Lucr. 6,255: breath- 
ing forth the warm f. of blood from his 
breast, sanguinis exspirans calidum de 
pectore fi., Lucr. 2, 354. Fig.: to pour 
Forth a golden f. of eloquence, fi. ora- 
tionis aureum fundere, Cic. Acad. 2, 38, 
119: a f. of words, fl. verborum, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 45, 188: sucha f. of genius, 
tantum ingenii fl., Cic. Mar. 2, 4. ‘é 
unda (poet.): the house vomits forth a 
Jf. of callers, salutantum vomit undam 
domus, Virg. G. 2, 462: the dense f.s of 
the Boii, spissae undae Boiorum, Sil. 
Phr.: to entreat with f.s of tears, mul- 
tis cum lacrimis obsecrare, Caes. B. G. 
1, 20: to shed f.s of tears, lacrimas pro- 
fundere, effundere, Cic. (V. TEARS). 

flood-gates: 1, catiracta, catar- 
rhacta, ae, f., and -es, -ae, m. (only in 
pl.): to control the course of water by f.s, 
cataractis aquae cursum temperare, Plin. 
Ep. Io, 72 (69),4- 2, piscina (strictly, 
the reservoir formed by the barrier or 
Fs): to accumulate the water of a river 
by f.s and let it off again, (lumen) con- 
rivare atque [rursus] emittere, Plin. 3, 
5, 9, mit. 
passion, irarum omnes effundere ha- 
benas, Virg. Aen. 12, 499. 

flooding (subs.): Med. 7. t.: fluxio: 
to stop f.ing of the womb, fluxiones vul- 
vae sistere, Plin. 

flook, fluke: the fang of an anchor : 
dens, dentis, m.: then with tenacious f. 
the anchor made fast the vessels, tum d. 
tenaci ancora fundabat naves, Virg. Aen. 
6, 3: comp. id. Aen. 1, 169: unco non 
alligat ancora morsu. 

floor (subs.): 1, sdlum (ground- 
floor): gilded roofs wm country houses 
and marble f.s, aurata tecta in villis, et 
sola marmorea, Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49. yy 
pavimentum (the rooms of a Roman 
house being chiefly on the ground-floor, 
which was of marble or stone): v. 
PAVEMENT. 3, contignatio (not ap- 
plicable to the ground-f.): to ascend to 
the third f., in tertiam cont. ascendere, 
Liv. 21, 62: v.storey. (N.B.—This and 
the foll. word may be used of any 
framework of beams or planks.) 4, 
contabulatio: Caes. B. C. 2, 9: Vitr. 

5, coaxatio, coassatio (a builder’s 
term): the f. requires to have two plank- 
ings, in cross directions, necessarium 
308 


Phr.: to open all the f.s of | 


FLOURISH 






binas per diversum coaxationes sub- 
sterni, Plin. 16, 25, 62. 
floor (. t7.): |. To furnish with 
a floor. ], pavimentum facio, struo 
(only of the ground-f.): Cato R. R. 18: 
simly, solum (e. g. marmoreum) facere, 
Cic. Par. 6, 3, 48. 2. contabulo, 1 (to 
cover with planks in any way): Caes.: 
Plin. |]. Zo level with the ground ; 
sterno, stravi, tum, 3: V. TO LEVEL, 
PROSTRATE. 
flooring (subs.) : v. FLOOR. 
flora: scient. ¢. ¢.: herbae, plantae, 
flores: Vv. PLANT, FLOWER. 
floral: fldreus: f. wreaths, f. coro- 
nae, Pl.: v, FLOWERY. 
florid: |. Lit.: of ruddy hue: 
1, rubicundus: Pl.: Ov.: v. RUDDY. 
Somewhat f., subrubicundus, Sen. oA 
coloratus (of healthy complexion) : Cels. 
(But in Tac. Agr. 11, colorati vultus is 
swarthy, tanned complexions.) 3, sub- 
rufus (somewhat ruddy): (a man) with 
f. complexion, curly hair, s. crispus, Pl. 
Il. Fig.: of style: floridus: more 
f. than Hyperides, floridior quam Hy- 
perides, Cic. Br. 82, 285: f. style, f. ora- 
tio, Quint. 
florist ; *qui florum peritus est. 
flotilla; classiciila (a small fleet) : 
Cic.: or classis: V. FLEET. 
flounce (subs.): 1, instita: the 
f. sewed to the bottom of the dress, sub- 
suta instita vesti, Hor. S. 1, 2, 29. ‘ 
(in pl.) segmenta, orum (these were 
sometimes of gold or gilded): the senate 
allowed women to wear a purple dress 
and golden (gilt) f.s, senatus permisit 
feminis purpurea veste et aureis uti s., 
Val. Max. 5, 2,1: Ov.: Juv. 
flounce <v. intr.): to move violently 
about, esp. im water: volito, volitor, 
| I: v. TO FLOUNDER. 
flounced (adj.): segmentatus, Juv. 
6, 89 (where it is used of a cradle 
trimmed with flounces). 
flounder (. intr.): vélito, 1 (with 
pron. refl.), volutor, 1: the swine de- 
lights in f.ing in a miry lake, sus gaudet 
coenoso lacu volutari, Col. 7, 10, med. : 
Cic.: v. TO WALLOW. 
our: 1, farina: corn being 
ground, the name of f. was given it, 
farre molito, farinae nomen est factum, 
Plin. : barley, wheat, oat, f., f. horde- 
acea, triticea, avenacea (hordei, tritici, 
avenae), Plin, 2, cibarium (coarse f.) : 
common bread f., which they call seconds, 
c., quod secundarium vocant, Plin. 18, 
g, 20. Bread of such f., cibarius panis, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97- 3. pollen, 
inis, m.; and pollis, inis, c. (fine f.): 
African wheat should yield five pints 
of fine f. to the peck, ex Africo justum 
est e modiis redire pollinis sextarios 
quinque, Plin. (the fine f. of siligo, a 





| kind of choice, white wheat, was called 


flos, Plin. 18, 9, 20): fine f. of pepper, 
| p. piperis, Cels. 
flourish (v.): |. Zo be prosper- 
| ous : 1, floreo, ui, 2: in Greece mu- 
sicians f7d, in Graecia musici florne- 
runt, Cic. Tuse. 1, 2, 4: Magna Graecia 
| was at that time f.ing, Magna Graecia 
tunc florebat, Cic. Am. 4, 13: painting 
fd about the time of Philip, circa 
; Philippum floruit pictura, Quint. 12, Io, 
6. Q, floresco, 3 (to begin to f., to f. 
more and more): this your justice and 
clemency shall f. more and more every 
day, haec tua justitia et lenitas animi 
florescet quotidie magis, Cic. Mar. 4, 12: 
as he (Hortensius) begam to f., Crassus 
died, hoc florescente, Crassus mortuus 
est, Cic. Br. 88, extr. 8. niteo, ui, 2 
(to shine; be in good condition): the 
jing grass, nitens herba, Ov.: Plin.: 
let the revenue f. during peace, vectigal 
in pace niteat, Cic. Rull. 7, 21: Hor. 
4. vigeo, ui, 2 (to thrive, be vigor- 
ous and active): Tam f.ing in mind ; 
in estate impoverished, nos animo v., re 
familiari comminuti sumus, Cic. Att. 4, 
3, fin.: Sparta was renowned, great 
Mycenae f.d, clara fuit Sparte, magnae 
viguere Mycenae, Ov.: audacity, corrup- 
tion, avarice, f.’d, audacia, largitio, ava- 
ritia, vigebant, Sall. Cat. 3, jin. 








FLOW DOWN 





vireo, ui, 2 (late; and chiefly poet.) : this 
is the second age of the Roman people, 
in which it f.’d most of all, haec est se- 
cunda aetas P. R., qua maxime viruit, 
Flor. 1, 22: the serpent f.s in his new 
skin, squama v. recenti serpens, Ov. 
Met. 9, 266. Hence to f. again, révi- 
resco, 3: the house of Germanicus f.’d 
again, domus Germaniei revirescebat, 
Tac. Aun. 4, 12: Curt. |]. Zo make 
a display: ostento, jacto,1: the man 
who is bragging and f.ing in this mag- 
nificent way, hic qui se jactat, magnifice 
atque ostentat, Auct. Her. 21, 29: v. 
TO BOAST, FLAUNT, SHOW OFF. [I]. 
As chron. ¢. ¢.: fléreo, 2 (without clas- 
sical authority in this sense: cf. supr. 
1.). But vivo (to live) should be pre- 
ferred in actual composition : he f.’d in 
the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius, 
vixit sub Augusto et Tiberio, Forcell. 

IV. Trans.: to move rapidly 
about: vibro, 1: V.TO BRANDISH. Y, 
To blow a trumpet: cano, 3: Vv. TO BLOW 
(IL.), sounp. 

flourish (subs.): esp. pl., of showy 
ornament in style: calamistri, orum 
(lit. eurling-irons): every showy decora- 
tion shall be done away, not a f. shall 
be allowed, removebitur omnis insignis 
ornatus; ne calamistri quidem adhibe- 
buntur, Cic. Or. 23, 78 (comp. Dial. de 
Orat. 26): you know my jine f.s, nosti 
illas Anxv@ovs (= ampullas), Cic. Att. 
I, 14. 

flourishing (adj.): fldrens: af. and 
illustrious youth, fl. et illustris adoles- 
cens, Caes.: an extensive and f. state, 
civitas ampla atque fi., Caes.: v. PROS- 
PEROUS. 

flout; dérideo, contumeliis afficio: 
v. TO MOCK, INSULT. 

flow: |. Of fluids generally: 1, 
fluo, xi, xum, 3: the Rhone f.s between 
the territories of the Helvetii and Allo 
broges, Helvetiorum inter fines et Allos 
brogum Rhodanus fl., Caes.: the blood 
of Remus fd upon the ground, fluxit 
in terram Remi cruor, Hor.: to f. with 
blood (of a river), sanguine fi., Cic. Div. 
1, 43, 98: also of odours and other 
emanations, Lucr.: Cic.: Vv. TO EMA- 
NATE. Fig.: the speech of Calidius f’d 
freely, Calidii oratio libere fluebat, Cic. 
Br. 19, 274: Herodotus f.s like a gentle 
river, H. quasi sedatus amnis f., Cic. Or. 
12, 39: from that principle the whole 
theory of good and evil must f., ab isto 
capite f. necesse est omnem rationem 
bonorum et malorum, Cic. Fin. 2, II, 
34. 2, mano, 1 (to f. drop by drop; 
to ooze, trickle: q. v.): sweat f.s from 
our entire body, m. nobis toto de cor- 
pore sudor, Lucr. 6, 945: more copious 
streams will f. from the squeezed teats, 
laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina 
mammis, Virg. G. 3, 310. 3. liqnor, 
3 (in the manner of fluids formed by 
melting: V. TO MELT): from the tree f. 
drops of dark gore, huic (arbori) atro 1. 
sanguine guttae, Virg. Aen. 3, 28: sweat 
f.s from the whole body, toto corpore 
sudor 1., Lucr.: v. TO TRICKLE, ll. 
Of the tide, opp. to ebb: affluo, accédo, 
Plin.: v. TIDE. 
apart, asunder: diffluo, 3: 
the Rhine f.s into several different chan- 
nels, Rhenus in plures d. partes, Caes. 
back: refiuo, 3: the river f.s 
back, r. amnis, Virg.: Ov. 

—— between: interfluo, 3: the 
strait which f.s between Nawpactus and 
Patrae, fretum quod Naupactum et 
Patras int., Liv.: Plin. 

— by, near, or past: _1., prae- 
fluo: the Tiber f.s past at the bottom of 
the valley, infima valle pr. Tiberis, Liv. 
1, 45, jin.: the Aufidus which f.s past 
the realms of Apulian Daunus, Aufidus 
qui regna Dauni pr. Appuli, Hor. Od 4, 
14, 26. 2. praeterfluo, 3: a river 
f.ing past the walls, amnis praeterfluens 
moenia, Liv. 41, 11. 3. praeterlabor, 
psus, 3 (to glide gently by): delightsome 
woods and rivers f.ing by, amoenitas 








silvarum et praeterlabentia flumina, 
Quint. £0, 3, 24. 
— down 1, déftuo: the mors 








FLOW FORTH 


ture f.s down from the rocks, d. saxis 
humor, Hor. : the dress fd down to her 
very feet, pedes vestis defluxit ad imos, 
Virg. Sometimes = to have done flow- 
ing: the clown waits for the stream to 
f. down, rusticus exspectat dum defluat 
amnis, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 42. 9. décurro, 
Ti, sum, 3 (quickly) : a river f.ing rapidly 
down from a mountain, monte decurrens 
amnis, Hor. Od. 4, 2, 5. 

flow forth, cr out: 1. effluo, 3: 
it, i. e. the wind, causes the rains to f. 
forth, facit ef. imbres, Lucr.: his life f-s 
forth with his blood, vita una cum san- 
guine ef., Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 59. r 
profiuo, 3 (to f. forth to view): the Meuse 
f.s out of Mt. Vosegus, Mosa pr. ex monte 
Vosego, Caes. B. G. 4, 10: to f. from the 
mouth (of words), ore prof., Auct. Her. 
4 33, 44- 

— jnto: influo, 3: the Hypanis f.s8 
into the Euxine, Hypanis in Pontum 
inf., Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 94: with adv, of 
place: not far from the sea into which 
the Rhine f.s, non longe a mari quo 
Rhenus inf., Caes. B.G. 4,1. Fig.: the 
inflowing and outflowing divine mind, 
influens atque effluens divinus animus, 
Cic. Tim. 13. 

— over: Siiperfluo, 3: v. TO OVER- 
FLOW. 

—— round: 1, circumfluo, 3 
(more freq. in fig. sense: v. TO FLOCK 
ROUND): the water of the sea f.s round 
both sides, utrumque latus c. aequoris 
unda, Ov. Met. 13, 779: Plin.: foam 
f-s round his jaws, spuma c. rictus, Ov. 

9. circumfundor, fuisus, 3 (with 
dat.: poet.): the Tigris f.s round the 
city, Tigris c.- urbi, Plin.: v. TO SUR- 
ROUND. 

— through: 1. perfluo, 3: to 
f. through a strainer (of wine), per 
colum p., Lucr. 2, 392: to f. through 
into the sea (of a river), in mare p., 
Plin. 36, 26, 65. 9. permano, 1 a 
ooze through): the juice by which we are 
nourished f.s through to the liver, is 
sucus quo alimur p. ad jecur, Cic. N. D. 
2, 55, 137: V. TO PENETRATE, 

— together: confluo, 3: to f. to- 
gether into one (of rivers), in unum c¢., 
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6. See also TO FLOCK 
TOGETHER. 

— to, toward: affluo, 3 (rare in 
lit. sense; v. TO FLOCK TO): Tac. 

— under, or beneath: 1, sub- 
terfluo, 3: a river fing from a lake 
under mountains, amnis ex lacu sub 
montes subterfluens, Vitr. 8, 2, 6: @ 
rapid torrent f-ing beneath (the eae 
torrente rapido subterfluente, Plin. ks 
subterlabor, lapsus, 3 (gently; with 
gliding motion): rivers f.ing beneath 
the walls of cities, subterlabentia flu- 
mina muros, Virg. G. 2, 157. 

flow (subs.): |. The act of flow- 
ing: 1, fluxio : f. of waters (deluges), 
f. aquarum, Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111. Oftener 
in med. sense: f. of blood from the nos- 
trils, sanguinis f. e naribus, VPlin.: v. 
FLUX. 9, fluxus, iis, m. (rare): wind 
ts understood to be nothing else than a 
JF. of air, ventus non aliud intelligitur 
quam fluxus (fluctus, ed. Jan.) aéris, Plin. 
2, 43, 44. 3, lapsus, as, m. (a gliding 
motion): to stay the rapid f. of rivers, 
rapidos fluminum morari L., Hor. Od. 1, 
12, 10. I]. A stream; esp. fig.: flt- 
men: v. FLoop (III.). Phr.: ready f. 
of words, verborum copia; linguae mo- 
bilitas, volubilitas, Cic, (v. FLUENOY) : 
tt checks the f. of speech, cursum dicendi 
refraenat, Quint. 8, pref. § 27. [Il 
Of the tide: accessus, is, m.: opp. to 
recessus, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 34. Or expr. 
by verb: the f. and ebb of the tide are 
particularly wonderful, aestus maris 
accedere et reciprocare maxime mirum, 
Plin. 2, 97, ay init. IV. Course: 
Phr.: whose life goes on with even f., 
quibus secundo cursu vita procedit, Sen. 
Ep. 111, 3: V. COURSE. 

flower (subs.) : |. Lit. @ blos- 
som: 1, flos, flris, m.: sweet smell- 
ing fs, suaves f., Lucr.: fresh fis, re- 
centes f., Hor.: to gather j.s, flores 
legere, Ov. Fast. 4, 4375 f. carpere, ib. 


FLUCTUATE 


443 (Vv. TO PLUCK, GATHER). 2. flos- 
calus (strictly dimin. of preced.: more 
common in sense II,): they fade like 
J.s, tanquam flosculi decidunt, Cic. Off. 
I, 12, 43. Further dimin., floscellus, 
Apul. Herb. Abounding in f.s, made of 
7.8, floreus, floridus: v. FLOWERY. ll. 
Fig., thebest ofany thing: 1, flos: the 
J. of the nobility and the youth, f. nobili- 
tatis ac juventutis, Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37: 
Liv. 2. robur, oris, n. (the main 
strength: esp. of troops): the f. of the 
troops has perished, quod fuit roboris 
interiit, Caes. B. C. 3, 88. Join: quod 
floris, quod roboris (fuerat), Liv. 37, 
12; in flore vel robore, Cic. Or. 10, 34. 
Il]. Also fig., an embellishment ; 
esp. in speech : 1, flos (in pl.): fs of 
language and sentiment, flores verborum 
et sententiarum, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 96. 
Q. flosciilus (in pl.): to cull f.s from 
every quarter, f. undique carpere, Cic. 
Sext. 56, 119: to be charmed by the f.s 
of a novel luxuriance (in style), recentis 
hujus luxuriae flosculis capi, Quint. 
IV. Bloom, prime of age: flos: 
Luer. : Cic. (f. aetatis is specially used 
of personal charms, cf. Liv. 21, 2): v. 
PRIME (subs.). 
flower (v.): fldreo, 2: v. To BLOOM. 
flower-bed : area: v. BEp (IIL.). 
floweret; flosciilus, floscellus: v. 
FLOWER (1.). 
flower-garden: 1. hortus (gar- 
in, general): V. GARDEN. f 
viridarium (a pleasure garden with 
grounds): Cic. Att. 2, 3; Plin. 3 
fldralia, ium, m. (only in p/.): orchards 
and f.s, as they are called, loca quae 
pomaria et f. appellantur, Varr. R. R. 1, 
23, med. 
flower-stalk; calimus (e.g. lu- 
pini): Virg. 
flowery: j, Lit., made of flowers, 
abounding in flowers: 1, floreus: 
Jf. fields, f. arva, Virg.: f. wreaths, f. 
serta, Tib. 9. floridus: /. Hybla, f. 
Hybla, Ov.: f. meads, f. prata, Lucr. 
Phr.: f. grass, [innumeris) distinctae 
floribus herbae, Ov. Met. 5, 266. ll 
Fig., of style: floridus: v. FLorrD (I1.) 
Phr.: a f. style. *oratio omnibus ver- 
borum ac sententiarum floribus abun- 
dans: v. FLOWER (II1.). 
flowing (adj.): |, Lit. of fluids: 
1, fluens, tis: 7. water, f. aqua, Ov. : 
Vv. TO FLOW. Q. fluidus: f. gore, tf. 
cruor, Ov.: v. FLUID. 3. (in com- 
pounds) refluus (f. back), Ov.: Plin.: 
praefluus (7. by or past), Plin.: défluus 
(f. down), Stat.: influus (/. im), Paul. 
Nol.: superfiuus (f. over), Plin.: cir- 
cumfiuus (f. round), Ov.: Plin. Il. 
By anal., of drapery, etc., loose, float- 
ing: 1. fluens;: 7. tunics, tunicae f., 
OverAnAS 2701s) ac: 9. fluxus: 
Ff. locks, f. crinis, Tac. Ann. 11, 31: /. 
drapery, f. amictus, Lucan. 8. fiisus: 
a f. mantle, f. palla, Tib.: jf. locks, f. 
crines, Virg. Aen. 10, 137. lh. Fig. 
of style; moving freely : 1, fluens: 
a sustained, f. style, tracta et f. oratio, 





Cic. Or. 20, 66: matter written in f. ele- 
giacs, materia f. elegis scripta, Plin. Ep. 
5,17,2. 2, fisus: af. and sustained 
style, running on with a kind of uniform 
smoothness, genus orationis f. atque 
tractum, et cum lenitate quadam aequa- 
bili profluens, Cic. de Or, 2, 15, 64: 
Aeschines is fuller than Demosthenes, 
and more f., plenior Demosthene Aes- 
chines, et magis f., Quint. 10, I, 77: 
Herodotus is agreeable, f., transparent, 
dulcis et f. et candidus Herodotus, 
Quint. 10, 1, 73. 

fluctuate: i. e. fo move now this 
way now that; to vary: 1, jacto, 1 
(pass., or with refl. pron.): opinions 
jluctuating, opinionibus se jactantibus, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 10, 24: at those times 
money f.d so much that no one could 
tell what he possessed, jactabatur illis 
temporibus numus sic ut nemo posset 
scire quid haberet, Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80. 
; nito, 1 to f. (“be at sea”) 
more than Neptune himself, magis n. 
quam ipse Neptunus, Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 
62: a change of will indicates that the 








FLUTE 


mua f.s, mutatio voluntatis indicat 
animum n., Sen. Ep. 35, jin.: v. TO 
CHANGE (intr.). 

fluctuation: mitatio: v. cHancR 
VICISSITUDE, Or expr. by verb: v. TO 
FLUCTUATE. 

flue: perh. ctinicilus (fornacis): ef. 
Plin. 9, 38, 62: Vv. CHIMNEY. 

fluency: 1, volubilitas: mere / 
verborum vy, inanis, Cic. de Or. 1, 5,17 
Quint. 9. mobilitas linguae: Cic, de 
Or. 1, 28, 127. 3, céléritas verborum 
Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 127; ¢. orationis, Cic. 
Or. 16, 53. 4. copia verborum (in 
good sense) : abundance of matter begets 
abundance of words, i. e., f., rerum copia 
verborum copiam gignit, Cic. de Or. 3, 
31, 125: V. FLOWING (LI11.) and FLUENT. 

fluent: 1, cdpidsus (full of mat 
ter and expression alike: Vv, FLUENCY, 
4): the f. man is said to have spoken 
some hours, locutus esse dicitur home ec, 
aliquot horas, Cic. de Or. 2, 18,75: v. 
ELOQUENT. Q. volibilis (merely f.): 
a musical-voiced, f. speaker, canorus 
orator et v., Cic. Br. 27, 105: comp. Cic. 
Fl 20, 48, quum se homo volubilis 
quadam praecipiti celeritate dicendi jac- 
taret. 8, sdliitus (free and ready of 
speech): the most 7. of speakers, solutis- 
simus in dicendo omnium oratorum, Cic. 
Br. 48, 180. Join: solutus et expe- 
ditus ad dicendum, Cic. 4. profiuens, 
ntis (to excess): f. and never-ending 
loquacity, p. et perennis loquacitas, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 48, 185. 

fluently: volibiliter, sdlaté: Cic 
(for syn. v. FLUENT). 

fluid (adj.): 1, fluldus: what is 
so contrary as earthy to f., quid tam 
contrarium quam terrenum fluido? Col: 
Ff. bodies, fluido quae corpore constant, 
Lucr. 9, fluxus (rare): f. juices, f. 
succi, Plin. 9, 38, 62. 3, liquidus: 


| V. LIQUID. 


fluid (subs.): |. In strict scientific 
sense ; expr. by fluidus: water and air 
are f.s, *fluida sunt aqua et aer; fiuido 
corpore constant, praedita sunt: v. supr. 
(1). |]. In general sense: 1, hi- 
mor (any kind of moisture): the stars 
are fed by f.s from the earth and sea, 
stellae terrenis marinisque h. aluntur, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43: milky f. (i. e. 
milk), lacteus h., Ov.: the Massic f. of 
Bacchus (i. e. wine), Massicus h. Bacchi, 
Hor. Q, liquor: v. LIQUID. 3) 
litex, icis, m. (poet.): I am transformed 
into a f., in latices mutor, Ov. Met. 5, 
636: the f. of the vine-begotten liquor, 
liquoris vitigeni latex, Lucr. 5, 14: the 
Palladian f., i. e., olive-oil, Palladii la- 
tices, Ov. Met. 8, 275. 
fluidity, fluidness: _ 1, liquor: 
as weight in stones, heat in fire, J. ™ 
water, pondus uti saxis, calor ignibus, 
liquor aquai, Lucr. 1, 453; Cic. N. DP. 
24) 10,420. 2, *fluida natura: v. 
FLUID (subs.). Phr.: “fire keeps ail 
things in a state of f.” (Paley), *ignis 
omnia fluida servat. 
fluke (of an anchor): dens, ntis, ™.> 
Virg. 
flurry (subs. and v.): Vv. HURRY, EX- 
CITEMENT. 
flush (v. inéir.): ribesco, 3: Vv. TO 
BLUSH, REDDEN. Phr.: f.’d with suc- 
cess, secunda fortuna, victoriis elatus: 
V. ELATED, See also EMBOLDENED. 
flush (subs.): i.e. a@ sudden access: 
impétus, Us: V. FIT, IMPULSE, ; 
flush (adj.): |. Fresh, flourish- 
ing: végétus, fldrens: Vv. FLOURISHING. 
||. Colloq. for well-off, abounding : 
Phr.: to be f. with money, *satis mag- 
nam pecuniam in promptu habere. 
fluster (subs. and v.): Vv. HURRY, 
BUSTLE. ts 7m aae 
subs.) : e musical m- 
es ‘1, tibia: the shrill f., 
acris t., Hor.: the plaintive f., querula 
t., Hor.: Cic. The tibia was originally a 
small, shrill instrument, with one tube 
(tenuis simplexque), Hor. A. P. 202: 
afterwards it was made larger and 
double. Hence the plur, is frequent, 
referring to tae two tubes: to play on 
the f., tibiis canere, Quint. 1, 10, 14; 
309 


FLUTE 





FOAMING 


FOLD 





cantare tibiis, Nep. Epam. 2. A f- 
maker, tibiarius, Inscr. in Forcell.: f.- 
player (masc.), tibicen, inis, m.: PI.: 
Cie. : fem, tibicina, Pl.: Ter. On. 
arundo, inis, f. (made of out or reed) : 
Ov.: V. REED, PIPE, [J]. In architec- 
ture; an indented channel: stria, Vitr. 
4, 3,9. 

flute (v.): fo channel (q. v.): strio, 
1: Vitr. 4, 3,9: Plin. 

fluted (adj.): striatus: f. shells, s. 
conchae, Plin.: Vitr. 

fluting (subs.): architect. ¢. t.: stri- 
attra, Vitr. 4, 3, 9. 

flutist; tibicen, inis, m.: v. FLUTE. 

flutter (v.): |, Intr.: 1, vélito, 
1: birds f., aves v., Cic.: the bird f.s 
near the ground, avis propter humum 
v., Ov. Met. 8, 258: to f. to and fro 
through the air (of the Lucretian films), 
v. ultro citroque per auras, Lucr. 4, 36. 
Hence comps., to f. about over, super- 
volito, Virg.: to f. round, circumvolito, 
Virg. 9. plaudo, si, sum, 3 (so as to 
make a flapping noise): the partridge 
fd its wings, plausit alis perdix, Ov. 
Met. 8, 238: v. FLAP. 3, trépido, I 
(with alarm) : thus with f.ing wing fly 
doves from the eagle, sic aquilam penna 
fugiunt trepidante columbae, Ov. Met. 
1, 506: the f.ing bird tightens its bonds, 
avis trepidans astringit vincula, Ov. 
Met. 11, 75. Fig.: my bosom f.s with 
fresh alarm, tr. pectus recenti metu, 
Hor. Od. 2,19, 5. Phr.: fing leaves, 
folia ludentia, Plin. 18, 35, 86. Il. 
Trans.: to drive in confusion: fugo, 
fundo: v. TO ROUT. 

flutter (subs.): i. e. a panic, alarm: 
trépidatio: v. ALARM. Or expr. by verb: 
why in such a f., *quid istuc trepidatur ? 

fluttering (subs.): expr. by volito, 
trépido: v. TO FLUTTER. 

flux: |. The act of flowing: 
fluxus, tis: v. FLowinc. Phr.: all 
things are in a state of f., omnia f,, 


Lucr. 2, 68. Il. Med. @. t.: 16 
fluxus, fluxio: bloody f., sanguinis 
fluxus, fluxio: Plin. 9, proflivium : 
Col.: Plin. 


fly (subs.): musca: to drive away f.s, 
m. abigere, Cic.: Pl.: a flap for driving 
away f.s, muscarium, Mart. 14, 67 
(iemm.): Veg. Vet. 

fly (.): J. To move by means of 
wings : 1. vélo, 1: crows f., corvi f., 
Lucr.: bees f., apes v., Ov.: clouds f., 
nubes v., Lucr. Fig.: time f.s, aetas v., 
Cic.; hora v., Sen. 9, volito, 1 (to 
f. about): vy. TO FLIT, HOVER. II. Zo 
escape: figio, 3: v. TO FLEE. 

— apart, asunder: i.e. fo part 
suddenly: 1, dissilio, ui, 4: flints f. 
asunder at fire, silex ignid., Plin.: the 
sword flew in pieces with the blow, mu- 
cro ictu dissiluit, Virg. Aen. 12, 741. 
Frequent., dissulto, 1: Virg. Aen. 8, 240. 

Q. displodo, si, sum, 3 (with a re- 
port): V. TO BURST. 

— at: i.e., fo attack: involo, 1: I 
can scarcely refrain from f.ing at 
(your) hair, vix me contineo quin in- 
volem in capillum, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 20: 
to f. at any one and wound him, i. [ad] 
aliquem et sauciare eum, Auct. B. Alex. 
52, extr. Phr.: let your fist without 
delay f. at his cheeks, pugnus continuo 
in mala haereat, Ter. Ad. 2, I, 17. 

— away: avolo, 1: the birds flew 
away as he was taking the auspices, 
auspicanti pullos avolasse, Suet.: Cat. 
Fig.: they f.away to Rome at a gallop, 
citatis equis Romam avolant, Liv. 1, 57. 

— back: révolo,1: to f. there and 
back, advolare et eodem r., Varr. R. R. 
3, 5, ad med. 

— before: praevolo, 1 (to f. in 
Front of ): Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125. 

— by, or near: praetervolo, 1: 
with acc.: Cic.: Suet. 

— forth, or out: — 1, volo, IT: 
Notus f.s forth with dripping wings, 
madidis Notus e. alis, Ov.: Cic. Fig.: 
of souls quitting the body, e. atque ex- 
currere foras, Cic. Div. I, 50, 114. 2) 
provolo, r: Plin. Fig.: they suddenly 
flew forth en masse, subito omnibus 
copiis provolaverunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 19. 

310 











fly from: figio, 3: v. TO FLEE. 

— in, or into; involo, 1: foll. by 
in and acc., Vair. 3, 7, init.; by dat., 
Col. 8, 3, ad jin. Comp. TO FLY AT. 

— open. dissilio, 4. v. TO FLY 
APART. 

— over, or across: _ 1, trans- 
volo, 1: partridges do not f. across the 
boundaries of Boeotia, perdices non tr. 
fines Bvueotiae, Plin. 10, 29, 41. Fig.: 
to f. across the Alps, Alpes tr., Asin. 
Poll. in Cic. Fam. 10, 31, med. Oy 
siipervélo, 1 (to f. above, quite over): 
he (Perseus) f.s over the whele globe, 
toto s. orbe, Ov.: Plin. Fig.: the spear 
f.s8 over (him), s. hasta, Virg., Frequent., 
supervolito, to f. over often, hover over, 
Virg. E. 6, 81. 

— round: circumvolo, 1: an eagle 
flew round him a number of times, 
aquila eum saepius cireumvolavit, Suet. : 
Hor. Frequent., circumvolito, to f. 
round and round, Virg. G. 1, 377. 

— through: pervolo, 1: the swallow 
fs through the house, aedes p. hirundo, 
Virg. Fig.: he flew (through) 56 miles 
in light carriages, sex et quinquaginta 
millia passuum cisiis pervolavit, Cic. 
R. Am. 7, 19. 

— to or toward: advolo, r (with 
ad or im and acc.; also dat.): a bird 
f.ing to (other) birds, avis ad (alias) 
aves advolans, Cic.: a great number of 
wood-pigeons f. into the territory of 
Volaterrae, in agrum Volaterranum pa- 
lumbium vis a., Plin.: @ butterfly fing 
to the light of lamps, papilio luminibus 
lucernarum advolans, Plin. Often fig. : 
he flew to the city with incredible speed, 
ad urbem incredibili celeritate advolavit, 
Cic. Sext. 4, 11: f. to us, advola ad nos, 
Cic. Att. 4, 4 (@). 

— under: subterviélo, 1: with ace. : 
Stat. Theb. 3, 670. 

— up: subvolo, 1: to f. up into 
the heavenly place, sursum in coelestem 
locum s., Cic. ‘lusc. 1, 1'7, 40. 

fly-catcher ; mélancdryphos, i, m.: 

lin. 


fly-flap; muscarium: Mart. 14, 67, 
41 (lemm.): for this purpose @ pea- 
cock’s or ox’s tail was sometimes used : 
Ul. ec. 

flying (adj.): 1, volatilis, e: f. 
creatures, v. bestiae, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 
151: the f. boy, i. e., Cupid, v. puer, 
Ov. 9. voltcer, cris, cre: f. crea- 
tures, v. bestiae, Cic. Tusc. 5, £3, 38: 
f. serpents, v. dracones, Ov.: f. clouds, 
y. nebulae, Ov.: v. WINGED. 3. J: 
fowl, i. e., birds: volantes, um, f.: 
Virg.: Lucr. 

fiy-leaf: *folium purum in prima 
vel postrema parte insertum. 

foal (subs.): 1, pullus: the f. of 
noble breed, i. e., of the horse, p. gene- 
rosi pecoris, Virg. G. 3,75: f.s of wild 
asses, onagrorum p., Plin. 2. (of 
the horse only): @quiileus, €quilus: v. 
COLT. 

foal (v.): pario, pépéri, partum, 3 
(to produce young in any way): @ 
heifer f.d a horse-colt, bos equuleum 
peperit, Liv. 23, 31, jin.: also absol.: 
when a mule f.s (of a thing impossible), 
cum mula pepererit, Suet. Gal. 4: v. TO 
BRING FORTH. 

foaling (subs.): 1, partus, is, 
m.: the f. of a mule, p. mulae Suet. 
Gal. 4. 9. fétura: Varr.: Virg.: v. 
BREEDING. : 

foam (subs.): spuma: Venus sprung 
from f., Venus spuma procreata, Cic. : 
the f. of the sea, s. salis, Ov.: f. of 
blood, sp. sanguinis, Ov. 

foam (v.): 1, spumo, 1: the blue 
sea f.s, coeruleum sp. sale, Enn.: cups 
fing with milk, pocula spumantia lacte, 
Virg.: a f.ing wild-boar, spumans aper, 
Virg. 9, exaestuo, 1 (to boil and 
seethe): v. TO Bort (IIL). Phr.: the 
patient f.s at the mouth, (aegroto) ex 
ore spumae moventur, Cels. 3, 23, itt. 

foaming, foamy: 1, spumans, 
ntis (strictly, ytelding or emittiny foamy) : 
he quaffed the f. bowl, sp. hausit pa- 
teram, Virg.: the f. bit, sp. frena, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 135. 2, spiimeus (covered 








with foam): the f. sea, sp. Nereus, 
Virg.: a f. torrent, sp. torrens, Ov. 
3. spimosus (= preced.): f shores, 
sp. litora, Cat.: f. waves, sp. undae, Ov. 
4, sptmifer, éra, érum (pvet.): the 
f. river, sp. amnis, Ov. 
fob: perh. léctilus (any small com- 
partment): Vv. POCKET, 
focal] ; *focalis, e: as purely scient. ¢. ¢. 
focus: e. g- of an ellipse, tocus, 
Cartes. Diopt. 
fodder (subs.) food for cattle: pa- 
bilum: to cut f., p. secare, Caes.: the 
sheep crops the f., pabula carpit ovis, 
Ov. Yo get f. (milit. term), pabulari, 
Caes.: Tac.: pertaining to f., pabularis, 
e: Col.: Plin. 
fodder (v.): pabulum praebeo: v. 
TO FEED. 
foe; hostis, Inimicus: v. ENEMY. 
fog: 1. caligo, inis, f. (a dark f.): 
amoist f.is exhaled from the ground, 
humida a terra exhalatur c., Plin. 2, 42, 
42: Col.: (v. DARKNEssS, II., 2). 2: 
nébiila (a thin, cloud-like mist): rivers 
are covered in summer with warm, in 
winter with cold f.s, amnes aestate vae 
poratis, hieme frigidis n. caligant, Col. 
I, 5, med.: Vv. MIST. 
foggy: 1. caliginosus: a damp, 
J. atmosphere, coelum humidum et c., 
Cic. Tuse. 1, 19, 43. Q. nébulosus: 
Cato: Cic.: v. MISTY. 
foh: interj. of abhorrence or con- 
tempt: fi! Pl. Cas. 3, 6, 7 (al. heu). 
foible (subs.): 1, vitium: tohavea 
keen eye for your friends’ f.s, in amico- 
rum v. acutum cernere, Hor. : v. FAULT. 
Q, error: virtue would have given 
the f. an honourable name, isti errori 
nomen virtus posuisset honestum, Hor, 
S.1, 3, 41: v. ERROR. Phr.: “J con- 
fess my f. with regard to flattery” 
(Chesterfield), confiteor me, quod ad 
adulationem pertinet, paulo infirmiorem 
esse (comp. Hor. Sat. 1, 9,70): V. WEAK- 


NESS. 

foil (subs.): |. A blunt sword for 
Fencing: riidis, is, f.: Cic.: Liv.: v. To 
FENCE. |], 4 thin leaf of metal: 1, 
lamina, and by sync., lamna (Hor. Od. 
2, 2, 2): to make f. of silver, ex argento 
laminas ducere, Plin. 33, 9, 45: to cué 
copper into thin 7., aes tenuare in lam- 
nas, Plin. 34, 8, 20. 9. bractea (very 
fine and thin): thin, like the spider's 
web or gold f., tenuis, ut aranea b.que 
auri, Lucr. 4. 729: the f. of gold rustled 
in the gentle wind, leni crepitabat b. 
vento, Virg. Dimin., bractedla: to take 
the (gold) f. off the statue of Castor, 
bracteolam de Castore ducere, Juv. 13, 
152. An artificer in gold and silver f., 
bractearius, 7. bractearia; also bracte- 
ator, Inscrr. in Forcell.: covered with f., 
bracteatus: e. g. bracteatum lacunar, 
Sidon.: Sen. [J]. 4 back-ground which 
sets any thing off to advantage: Phr. 
Augustus (they said) had sought to use 
(Tiberius) as a f. to his own glory, 
comparatione deterrima sibi_ gloriam 
quaesisse, Tac. Ann. 1, 10; *Tiberium 
ideo adscitum, ut prae illo, ipse magnus 
clarusque videretur. 

foil (v.): Glido, si, sum, 3: Vv. TO 
BAFFLE. 

foist: to thrust in improperly: 1, 
infulcio, si, tum, 4: he is for ever f.ing 
in this word, non desinit omnibus locis 
hoc verbum inf., Sen. Ep. 114, 19. 2 
suppono, 3 (fraudulently): Vv. TO 
FORGE: to f. in false wills, (falsa) tes- 
tamenta sup., Cic.: V. TO FORGE. 

fold (subs.): |. For flocis : il 
vile, is, n.: to prowl around the f. (of 
the wolf), explorare insidias ovilia cir- 
cum, Virg. G. 3, 537: Ov. (Not used 
by the Scriptores Rei Rusticae.) BX 
septum or saeptum, usu. pl. (any enclo- 
sure): to return to the f. (at evening, 
septa repetere, Col. 6, 23; Virg. 3 
conseptum (like septum): Col. 6, 23. 

4, stabilum (strictly for large 

cattle): Virg.. Col.: v.sTALL. J], GF 
a garment : 1, plicatira (strictly 
the act of folding): fs of drapery 
stragulae vestis plicaturae, cf. Plin. 7, 
BE wh 2. 2. sinus, is (of a rounded, 


i 
4 





FOLD 





swelling form) : making a lap-like f. of 
his toga, ». ex toga facto, Liv. 21, 18, fin. 
(v. Dict. Ant. s. v.): flowing J's, 8. flu- 
entes, Virg.: Cimon introduced wrink- 
lings and f.s of drapery (in painting), 
Cimon in veste rugas et s. invenit, Plin. 
35, 8, 34, fin. 8, raga (a smaller f. ; 
a wrinkling) : f.8 (or creases) arranged 
by design, yr. de industria collocatae, 
Macr. Sat. 2, 9, ad init.: v. supr. (2). 
Phr.: to hang gracefully, in becoming 
fs, apte pendere, Ov. Met. 2, 733: full 
of fs, multiplex: the intestines hare 
many f.s and convolutions, alvus est 
multiplex et tortuosa, Cic.: similarly, 
with three f.s, triplex, etc. (Vv. THREE 
FOLD, etc.). 

fold: as suffix: 1, expr. by comps. 
in -plex, plicis: v. preced. art. fin. A. 
(in certain phr.) expr. by cum, with ord. 
num. adj.: the land yields an eight-F., 
ten.-f. veturn, ager efficit cum octavo, 
cum decimo, Cic. Verr. 3, 47: Varr.: 
also with a subs. expressed: the land 
yielding a hundred-f. return, cum cen- 
tesima fruge fenus reddente terra, Plin. 


|. To double up: a |S 
plico, avi and ui, atum, 1: to f. a sheet 


epistolam c., Cic. Att. 12, I. 8, re- 
plico, 1: fing back outside the inside 
of tts skin (of a serpent), replicans ut 
extra fiat membranae quod fuerat intus, 
Plin. 8, 27,41. Phr.: to f. the hands, 
digitos pectinatim inter se plectere, Plin. 
28, 6, 17 (comp. Ov. Met. 9, 299): less 
precisely, to sit with fd hands (idle), 
manibus, quod aiunt, compressis sedere, 
Liv. 7, 14, med.: to stretch forth f/d 
hands, duplices tendere palmas, Virg. 
Aen. 1,94. ||. 7 pen sheep : septis in- 
<liido, si, sum, 3: Varr.: v. FOLD (subs.). 

folding-doors + valvae, arum : some- 
times with adj. bifores, e: v. DooR (4). 

foliage : 1, frons, dis, f. (both 
sing. and pl.): abundant f., f. multa, 
Varr.: Virg.: Hor.: a path blocked up 
with f. and brushwood, via interclusa 
frondibus et virgultis, Cic. Coel. 18, init. 

2. cdma (mostly poet.): the f. of 

the groves, nemorum c., Hor. On. 1, 21, 
5: f. of trees, arboreae c., Ov.: it luoks 
out upon the grove and f. of the hip- 
podreme, hippodromi nemus et comas 
prospectat, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 19. 3. 
félia, drum: v. LEAVES. = 

folio: liber maximae formae; liber 
oblongus: Lach. pref. Lucr. 

folk; homines: v. PEOPLE. 

follicle: 1, follictilus: when the 
tender blade emerges from the-f., quam 
folliculo se exserit spica mollis, Sen. Ep. 
124, II. 2, vesiciila (a small blad- 
der): Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33. 

follow: 1, séquor, séciitus, 3 
(trans. and intr.) : go you before; I f., 
iprae; sequor, Ter.: to f. a magistrate 
into his province, 8. magistratum in pro- 
vinciam, Nep. Att. 6 (v.T0 ATTEND): he 
f8 his father with unequal steps, s. pa- 
trem non passibus aequis, Virg. Aen. 2, 
724. Often of order in time or result : 
what f.s (= our et cetera), Cic. Or. 49, 
164: a difference of opinion f.s from 
this, discrimen opinionis s. ex hac re, 
Liv. 5, 6, med.: v. TO RESULT. Fig.: 
to f. a road, viam, iter s., Ov.: Cic.: to 
Ff. Nature as a guide, Naturam ducem 
s. Cic. Am. 5, 19° to f. advice, con- 
silium s., Cic. Often used imper's. (foll. 
by inf. or ut and subj.), to denote a 
logical or other consequence: if this 
proposition is not true,it f.s that it is 
false, si haec enuntiatio vera non est, 
sequitur ut falsa sit, Cic. Fat. 12, 28: 
nor does it f. that there are ...., nec s. 
esse ...., Cic. l.c.: it f.s that I should 
show, & ut doceam, Cic. N. D. 2, 32, 
init. Frequent., sector, 1 (to be in the 
habit of fing; to keep fing): Cic.: v. 
TO ATTEND vron. (N.B.— When the 
Eng. verb is pass., the sentence may 
be inverted: they are usually fd by 
a great multitude, magna multitudo eos 
8. insuevit, Caes.) 2. conséquor, 3 
(often = to attain by following: q. v.): 


FOLLOWING 


he fd me (close) to the door, consecutus 


est me usque ad fores, Pl. Cist. 1, 1, g2: 
when Crassus had thus spoken, silence (at 
once) f.’d, haec quum Crassus dixisset, 
silentium est consecutum, Cic. de Or. 
I, 35, init. : blushing f.s (attends) shame, 
pudorem rubor c., Cie.: to f. a custom, 
morem c., Cic. Frequent., consector, I 
(to f. up closely, pursue): Cic. 3} 
inséquor, 3 (to f. close upon, in the 
rear of): next tohim f.s Salius, prox- 
imus buic ins. Salius, Virg. Aen. 5, 321: 
unless a vowel f., nisi vocalis ins., Cic. 
Or. 48, 161. Fig.: she f.s with her eye 
the fleeing bark, insequitur fugientem 
lumine pinum, Ov. 4, subséquor, 3: 
v. TO FOLLOW up. Phr.: tof. any one 
in an office, succedere alicui (v. TO suc- 
CEED): they spolce as f.s, in bune modurn 
locuti (sunt), Caes. B. G. 2, 31 (Vv. EFFECT, 
Ill.): thus it fs that, ita fit ut..., 
Cic. Tuse. 3, 5, 10; ex quo efficitur, foll. 
by ut and subj., or ace. and inj., Cic. 
N. D. 3, 12, 30: Rep. 3, 11: sometimes 
it does not f., may be expr. by non .... 
idcirco, non continuo, non propterea: 7% 
does not f. that because you defended 
Opimius, you will be looked upon as a 
good citizen, non, si Opimium detendisti, 
idcirco te bonum civem putabunt, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 40, Jo: comp. Cic. R. Am. 33, 94, 
non continuo, si me in gregem sicari- 
orum contuli, sicarius sum: to f. any 
one’s advice, instructions, alicujus con- 
siliis, praeceptis uti, Ov.: to f. any 
one’s oun judgment or discretion, suo 
judicio uti, Cic. N. D.1, 1,1: I wish I 
had f/d your most friendly advice, vel- 
lem a principio te audisse amicissime 
monentem, Cic.: to f. the calling of a 
merchant, banker, soothsayer, mercatu- 
ram, argentariam, baruspicinam facere, 
Cic.: (v. TO CARRY ON). 

follow on: perséquor, ciitus, 3 (to 
the end): Ter.: Cic.: v. TO PURSUE, 
PERSEV ERE, 

— out: 1, exséquor, 3: to f. 
out any object to the end, aliquid ex. 
usque ad extremum, Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 
5: V. TO CARRY OUT (I1.), ACCOMPLISH 
(iL.). Q, proséquor, 3: v.TO ATTEND. 

— up: 1, subséquor, ciitus, 3: he/.s 
her up and treads in her very steps, s. 
presseque legit vestigia gressu, Ov. Met. 
3,17: he sent forward the cavalry, and 
ordered Labienus with the legions to f. 
up, equitatum praemisit .... Labienum 
cum legionibus s. jussit, Caes. B. G. 2, 
11. QQ, perséquor, 3 (/o the end): to 
Ff. a person up, in his very steps, ali- 
quem ipsius vestigiis p., Cic.: v. TO 
PURSUE, 8, exstquor, 3: v. TO FOL- 
LOW OUT. 4, insto, stiti, statum (to 
pursue an object): knowing that he 
must f. up his reputation, non ignarus 
instandum famae, Tac. Agr. 18 med.: v. 
TO PRESS (UPON). 9, insisto, stiti, sti- 
tum, 3 (freq. of milit. operations. with 
dat.): they f’d up the pursuit so vigo- 
rously, adeo effusis institerunt, Liv. 26, 
44, med. 6. urgeo, si, 2 (to press): 
to f. up an opportunity, opportunitatem 
{et facultatem) u., Cic. Fam. 7, 8. 

follower: 1, sectator (esp. used 
of f.s of candidates in canvassing): the 
Fabian law respecting the number of 
Js, lex Fabia, quae est de numero sec- 
tatorum, Cic. Mur. 34, 72: more freq. 
(but late) of adherents of a sect or 
teacher: the f.s of Aristotle, s. Aristo- 
telis: Gell.: v. DISCIPLE (4). 9, as- 
sectator: an old f., quidam vetus a. 
{ex numero amicorum], Cie. Verr. 2, 11, 
29: also used of attendants on candi- 
dates, Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 9; or of dis- 
ciples: a f. of wisdom, a. sapientiae, 
Plin.: a hearer and f. of Protagoras, 
auditor a.que Protagorae, Gell. 3 


x 


expr. by part. of sequor: v. L, G, § 638. | 


Phr.: the f.s of Socrates, Pythagoras, 
etc., Socratici, Pythagoréi, etc.: also, 


illi a Socrate, Pythagora, ete., Cic. Mur. 


30, 63. 
following (adj.): 1, s&quens, in- | 


stquens: on the f. day, sequenti die, 
Plin.: the meeting of words at the end 
of a sentence with the first f. ones, ex- 


tremorum verborum cum insequentibus 
\ 


FOND 





primis concursus, Cic. Or. 44, 150: the 
J. year, insequens annus, wiv. 2, 18: i% 
the f. night, nocte insequenti, Hirt 
9. séciitus, inséciitus (rare; and 
only when following = which followed) : 
in the mnths which fd, meusibus in- 
secutis, Plin. 7, 11, 9. 8. proximus 
(vext in order, either before or after): 
(he said that) he should break up his 
encampment on the f. night, (dixit) se 
p. nocte castra moturum, Caes, Bb. G. 1, 
40. fin.: at the beginning of the J. sum- 
mer, init& p. aestaie, Caes.: in the f. 
three years, p. triennio, Nep. Han. 3: v. 
NEXT. 4, postérus: to put off to the 
| f. day, in p. diem differre, Cic. Deiot. 5, 
21: in the f. year, p. anno, Cic.: on the 
| f. day, p. die, Caes.: Cic. Hence, pos- 
| tridie, adv.: he called upon me the f. day 
in the morning, postridie me mane con- 
venit, Cic, Verr. 2, 1, 29, intt.: Caes,: 
more precisely postridie ejus diei, Caes, 
B. G. 4, 13: postridie is also used with 
acc., as on the day f. the Kalends, p. 
Kalendas, Liv. 6, 13, extr.: Cic. B 
sécundus (second: rare in this sense): 
on the f. day, s. lumine, Enn. ap. Cic. 
Att. 7, 26. 6, continuus (f. without 
break: only poet.): on the f. day, cou- 
tinua die, Ov. Fast. 5, 734: v. SUCCES- 
sive. (N.B.—Sometimes hic may be 
used of woids which follow : as, he spoke 
after the f. manner, in hune modum 
locutus: v. TO FOLLOW {Phr.): but the 
reference must be obvious, as hic may 
also mean the above-mentioned.) 
folly: 1, stultitia (most general 
term): O incredible delusion (\.e., astro- 
logy) for it is not every error that should 
be called f.,O incredibilem delirationem ! 
non enim omnis error s. est dicen ia, Cie, 
Div. 2, 43, 90: it is f. to ..., stultitiae, 
stultorum est, cf. L. G. § 266. E 
fatuitas (rare = sheer f., idiotcy : Vv. syn. 
under FOOL): this should not be named 
ignorance, but sheer f.,non hance impru- 
dentiam .... sed f. nominari oportere, 
Cic. Inv, 2, 32, 99. 3. insipiertia 
(absence of sound judgment or wisdom) : 
f.is as it were an unhealthy condition 
of mind, ins. est quasi insanitas quae- 
am animi, Cic. Tuse.3, 5,10: PL 4, 
amentia, démentia (the state of one be- 
reft of reason, mens): the condition o/ 
the mand lacking the light of intellect, 
they named f., animi affectionem mentis 
lumine carentem nominaverunt amen- 
tiam, eandemque dementiam, Cic. Tusc. 
3,5, 10: he thought it the height of f., 
summae d. esse putavit, Caes. B. G. + 
13: V. INFATUATION. 5, ineptia (sil- 
liness, absurdity of particular acts or 
things: esp. in pl.): Of all f.s perhaps 
there is not one greater, omnium in. baud 
scio an nulla sit major, Cic. de Or. 2, 





4, 18. 
foment : ]. Lit.: fOveo, fovi, 
fotum, 2: to f. the nostrils with the 


steam of warm water, nares f. vapore 
| aquae calidae, Cels. 6, 8, 1: to f. the 
knees with hot vinegar, genua calido 
aceto f., Col.; Plin. ll. Fig.- to 
excite, stir up: q.v. Phr.: to f. sedi- 
tion among the city slaves, servitia 
urbana sollicitare, Sall. Cat. 24, extr.: 
to f. disturbances, pacem sollicitare, 
Liv. 34, 16, extr. 
fomentation: fomentum: cold, 
warm f.s, frigida, calida, f., Suet. 
Cels.: to apply f.s, f. adbibere (with 
dat.), Col. 6, 30, ad init. 
fomenter: i.e. one who stirs up 
1, concitator: fm. -trix (rare): f. 
of riot and tumul/t, vurbae ac tumultus 
c., Hirt. B. G. 8, 38: Sen. Q. stimi- 
lator, instimilator (rare): f. of sedition, 
seditionis instimulator (al. stim.) fet 
| concitator], Cic. l)om. 5, II. 3, in- 
stinctor (rare). f. of war, i, belli, Tac. 
4, fax, facis, f.: v. 





| H. 1, 22, extr. 
FIREBRAND. 
fond: j. Altachedto: 1, imans 
| (with gen.): very J. of his wife, a. ux- 
oris maxime, Pl.: citizens f. of their 
country, cives a. patriae, Cic.: most f. @ 
you, amantissimus tui, Cic. Very Jy 
ptrimans: Cic. To be f. of, %mo, I- 
Vv. TO LOVE. 2. amicus (with dat.): 
710 





FONDLE 


the sow f. of mud, amica luto sus, Hor. 
Ep. 1,2, 26: a man not more f. of the 
tyrant than of (all) tyrants, homo a. 
non magis tyranno quam tyrannis, Nep. 
Dion, 10, 3: Vv. FRIEND. 8, stiididsus 
(eagerly bent upon or devoted to: with 
gen.): f. of hunting or playing at ball, 
venandi aut pilae s, Cic. Am. 20, 74: 
f. of every kind of learning, s. omnium 
doctrinarum, Cic.: v. DEVOTED TO. 
(N.B.—Not used of fness for a person, 
except when meaning in favour of, on 
the side of: cf. Cic. Att. 3, 22, ad fin.) 
Very f. of : perstiididsus: Cic. 4, cu- 
pidus (desirous of : also with gen.) : f.er 
of controversy than of truth, contentionis 
quam veritatis cupidiores, Cic. de Or. 1, 
Il, 47: @ young man very f. of me, 
adolescens mei cupidissimus, Cic. de Or. 
I, 22,104. Very f. of: perciipidus: Cic. 
5, déditus: v. DEVOTED To. Phr.: 
f. of eating, édax, Hor.: Cic.; gulosus, 
Sen.: Juv. (v. GLurTonous): f. of wine, 
vinosus; Hor.: Scip. Afr. ap. Gell.: /. 
of pleasure, voluptarius, Cic.: f. of 
women (in bad sense), miliérésus, Cic. : 
f.of war, bellicosus, Cic.: Caes. (Vv. WAR- 
LIKE): f. of popularity, of being ad- 
mired, ambitiosus, Ov.: Tac.: Gell.: he 
is f. of horses and dogs, gaudet equis 
canibusque, Hor, A. P. 162: not to be f. 
of, non, nihil, mdror, 1: Jam not f. of 
using what belongs to others, alieno uti 
non moror, Pl. Capt. prol. 16: J am not 
f. of the wines of that coast, vina nihil 
moror illius orae, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 16. 
[|._Indulgent: 1, indulgens, ntis: 
Cic.: Liv.s v. INDULGENT. Q. pro- 
pitius: f. parents, p. parentes, Ter. Ad. 
1,1, 0: Ill. Silly, deluded : démens: 
vy. FOOLISH, INFATUATED. 
fondle: 1. mulceo, si, sum (rarely 
-tum), 2: the creature you fear as a 
bull, you used to f. when a calf, quem 
metuis taurum, vitulum m. solebas, Ov. 
A. A. 2,341: V. TO STROKE. 2. per- 
mulceo, 2 (intens. of preced.): thrice 
she f.d him with her hand, ter manu 
permulsit eum, Ov. Fast. 3, 551. a 
palpo aud palpor, 1: he allows his bosom 
to be f.d by the maiden’s hand, pectora 
praebet virginea palpanda manu, Ov. 
Met. 2, 867: to stroke or f. a horse, 
equum permulcere, vel palpari, Ulp. Dig. 
Geary its, Oi}: 4, foveo, fovi, fotum, 
2 (to cherish, keep warm or comfort- 
able): Dido fs the boy im her lap, 
gremio f. puerum Dido, Virg. Aen. 1, 
718: she f.s him with snow-white arms 
in soft embrace, niveis lacertis amplexu 
molli f£., Virg. Aen. 8, 387. 
fondling (swbs.): deliciae: v. Fa- 
VOURITE, PET. s 
fondly: |. Affectionately: aman- 
ter, péramanter: v, LOVINGLY. Phir: 
to love any one f., (amore) aliquem de- 
perire, deamare, Ter.; misere amare, 
Pl.; amare aliquem singulari amore, 
Cic.(v TO Love): your f. loved Roscius, 
amores et deliciae tuae, Roscius, Cic. 
Div. 1, 36,79: I love him f., (ironice) 
est is mihi in amoribus, Cic. Fam. 4, 32, 
jin. |. Fooltshly : q. v. . 
fondness: |. Attachment to; love: 
], caritas (only of fondness for 
persons): V. AFFECTION (III.). 9. 
stiidium (in relation both to persons and 
things): f. for philosophizing, s. philo- 
sophandi, Cic. Yo have a f. for any 
thing, alicujus rei studio teneri, Cic. : 


V. AFFECTION (III.), ZEAL, LOVE. Il. 
Foolishness: q. V. 
font: |. A fountain: q. v. Il. 


A place for baptizing: baptistérium : 
Sidon. 

food: 1, cibus (gen. term; esp. 
for food of man): to take f., c. capere, 
Cic. Fam. 16, 1: Ter.; c. sumere, Nep. 
Att. 21, fin.: to digest f., c. concoquere, 
Cic. N. D. 2. 9, 24: the flesh of wild 
animals was their f., c. erat caro ferina, 
Sall Jug. 18. Fig.: rain is the f. of 
frees, c. arborum imber, Plin. 7, 2 § 12: 
f. for rage, c. furoris, Ov. Adj., relating 
to f., cibarius: laws relating to f., leges 
cibariae, Cato: hence, cibaria, Orum: 
including all things used as f.: cooked 
f., cocta cibaria, Liv. 3, 27, etc.: to give 

giz 











FOOLISH 


any one f., cibaria alicui praebere, Cic. 
R. Am. 20, §7: V. PROVISIONS. oi 
pabiilum (usu. for cattle or inferior 
animals): v. FoppER. Fig.: f. for 
Acheron, Acherontis p., Pl: the f. of 
study and learning, p. studii atque doc- 
trinae, Cic. Sen. 14, 49 : V. NOURISHMENT. 
3, alimentum (GPSS nourtshes 
in any way): V. NOURISHMENT. 4. 
esca (that which is eaten: often food 
placed as bait: v. BAIT): the diver takes 
its f. diving into the water, mergus 
mergendo in aquam captat e., Varr. L. 
L. 5 (4), § 78: simple f., simplex e., 
Hor. S. 2, 2,72: Mart. <Ady., pertaining 
to f., escarius: vessels for f., vasa &., pie 
5, daps, dapis, f. (mostly poet.; and 
esp. of feasts) : to feed horses on human 
food, i.e., flesh, humana d. pascere equos, 
Ov. Her. 9, 68: love of f. and fighting 
(of the eagle), amor dapis atque pugnae, 
Hor. Od. 4, 4, 12. 6, éptilae, arum 
(sumptuous or dainty viands ; Vv. FEAST): 
the tables were set out with the most 
exquisite kinds of f., mensae conquisi- 
tissimis e. exstruebantur, Cic. Tuse. 5, 
21, 62: loaded with all kinds of f. and 
wine, onerati epulis et vino, Sall. 76, 
jin. 7, pastus, is (ef animals): to 
take their f., pastum (al. cibum) capes- 
sere, Cic. N. D.2, 49,121. Fig.: the f. of 
souls, p. animorum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 66. 
Special terms: the f. of gladiators, 
gladiatoria sagina, Tac. H. 2, 88: food 
sold cooked, popina (strictly a cook-shop) : 
Cic. (who always uses the word in con- 
temptuous sense: cf. Phil. 3, 9, 20). 
fool (subs.) : |. 4 foolish person : 
j, stultus (gen. term): J believe 
that I am a f., 1 don’t think Iam an 
idiot, egomet me s. esse existimo, fatuum 
esse non opinor, Poet. in Isid. Or. 10, 
s. v.: Cic.: v. FOOLISH. Q. fatuus (a 
strong word): Vv. IDIOT. 3, homo 
ineptus, démens: v. FOOLISH, Phr.: 
to play the f. (act foolishly), nugas 
agere, Pl. Men. prol. 54: to play the f. 
in season, desipere in loco, Hor. Od. 4, 
12, extr.: cease to play the f., desinas 
ineptire, Cat. 8, 1: to make a (pretty) 
f. of any one, aliquem lepide ludificari, 
Pl. Mil. 3, 3, 533 ludibrio habere, Pl. 
Cas. 3, 5, 26: Ter.; (pulchre, lepide) os 
alicui sublinere, Pl. Mere. 2, 4,17: you 
are no f., haud stulte sapis, Ter. Heaut. 
DeaOza Il. 4 professional jester: 
sannio: Cic.: V. JESTER. 
fool (v.): |. Zo trifle with; make 
a fool of any one: 1, ludo, si, sum, 3: 
T have fd him nicely, eum lusi jocose 
satis, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12: begone, you are 
f-ing me, abi! ludis me, PL: Ter. Ds 
lidifico, lidificor, 1: v. Foot (L., fin.). 
3, lacto, 1 (to lead a person on; to 
cajole): had you not fd me on in my 
passion, nisi me lactasses amantem, Ter. 
And. 4, 1,23: PL 4, frustror, 1: Pl. 
Am. 2, 2, 210; V. TO DISAPPOINT. Il. 
To fool away: i. e., to waste foolishly : 
illido, si, sum, 3 (with dat. or acc.): 
while seeking to humour you, I have 
almost f’d away my daughter’s life, 
dum studeo obsequi tibi, pene illusi 
vitam filiae, Ter, And. 5, I, 3: as 
though in the utmost abundance to f. 
away money, tanquam in summa abun- 
dantia, pecuniae il, Tac. Hist. 2, 94: 
comp. ib., sola perdendi cura: and Sall. 
Cat. 20, tamen summa lubidine divi- 
tias vincere nequeunt, with all their 
fing of it away, they cannot get through 
their wealth ; V. TO SQUANDER. 
foolery ; Ineptiae, niigae: v. AB- 
SURDITY, NONSENSE. 
fool-hardiness: téméritas : v. RECK- 
LESSNESS, RASHNESS. 
fool-hardy ; témérarius: a plan at 
first sight rather f. than daring, con- 
silium prima specie t. magis quam 
audax, Liv. 25, 37, fim.: V. RASH. 
foolish: j, stultus (most general 
term): unless you are more f. than the 
most f., nisi sis stultior stultissimo, PI. 
Am. 3, 2, 26: puffed up uith f. and 
barbarian arrogance, s. ac barbara arro- 
gantia elati, Caes. B. C. 3, 59: a very f. 
plan, consilium stultissimum, Liv. : Cic.: 
v. FooL (L., 1). 9, fatuus (stronger 








FOOT-BALL 


than stultus, and mostly used as subs.)= 
v.pior. Join: fatuus, insulsus, tardus, 
Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 49. 8. ineptus: v. 
sILLy. 4, insipiens: v. UNWISE. 5, 
stolidus: v. STUPID. 

foolishly : ]. stulté: Pl.: Cic. 

9, inepté: v. ABSURDLY. 3, 8t6- 

lidé: v. STUPIDLY. 

foot: {, Lit. of the body: pés, 
pédis, m.: sandals fitted to the f.: calcei 
apti ad p., Cic.: to beat the earth with 
the f., i.e., to dance, pede terram pul- 
sare, Hor. Od. 1, 39, 1: to be born fj. 
foremost, in pedes nasci, Plin. 10, 53, 
14: to commence a journey on f., in- 
gredi iter pedibus, Cie. Sen. 10, 34 (also 
pédes, itis, may be used in this sense: 
to walk on f., peditem incedere, Liv. 28, 
9, ad fin.): to set f. on an estate, in 
fundo pedem ponere, Cic. Caec. 11, 31: 
fig., wisdom had not where to set her 
jf. sapientia, ubi pedem poneret, non 
habebat, Cic. In milit. lang.: to lea: 
to f., i. e., dismount, ad pedes desilire, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 12 (Vv. TO DISMOUNT): to 
serve on f., i. e., as a f.-soldier, pedibus 
mereri, stipendia facere, Liv. 24, 18, 
med.: they had come to fighting on f., 
ad pedes pugna ierat, Liv. 21, 46, med.: 
to fling one’s self at another's feet, se ad 
alicujus pedes projicere, Cic. Sext. 11, 
jin.; abjicere, Cic. Att. 4, 2, med. ; ad 
pedes alicujus accidere, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 
6; alicui ad pedes se jacere, Cic. Verr. 5, 
49, 129. Fig., of subjection: shall we 
leave (those cities) beneath your feet, sub 
tuis p. relinquemus? Liv. 34, 32, med.: 
Virg. ||. By anal., the foot of a stool, 
etc.: pes: of a table, mensae p., Ov. Met. 
8, 661. ||. As a measure: pes: to de- 
part a single f. from any one, ab aliquo 
pedem discedere, Cic, Deiot. 15, 43: @ 
trench 15 fé. wide, fossa quindecim pedes 
lata, Caes.: the iron was three ft. long, 
ferrum tres longum habebat p., Liv. 21, 
8, fin.: eight ft. long, p. protentus in 
octo, Virg.G.1,171. Half af., semipes, 
pédis, m.: Cato: Vitr.: af. and a half, 
sesquipés, pédis, m.: Pl.: Warr. Adj. 
of a f. in dimension: pedalis, e: the 
sun looks to me about a f. in size, sol 
mihi quasi pedalis videtur, Cic. Acad. 2, 
26, init.: half a f. long, semipédalis : 
Vitr.: Plin.: a f. and a half long, ses- 
quipédalis: words a f. and a haif long 
verba sesq., Hor. A. P. 97: Caes.: twe 
ft. long, bipedalis: Caes. Pes is also 
used of a metrical f.: pes qui adhibetur 
ad numeros, Cic. Or. 56, 188: feet are 
not to be measured by syllables, p. non 
sunt syllabis metiendi,Cic. |Y, Fig. 
the lowest part of any thing: iL 
expr. by adj., infimus or imus (v. L. G 
6 341): from the f. of the altar, ab in- 
tima ara, Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: at thef. of 
the hill, sub inf. colle, Caes.: at the f. 
of an oak, ad imam quercum, Phaedr. 
In later authors the neut. is sometimes 
used as subs.: the f. of a mountain, 
ima montis, Plin.; and even in the best 
age, after a prep. and without a subs.: 
a hill gently sloping from the f., collis 
leniter ab infimo acclivis, Caes. B. G. 7, 
19, init. : V. BOTTOM. 2. radix, icis, 
f.: at the f. of mount Caucasus, in 
Caucasi radicibus. Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52: 
from the f. of the Palatine, a radice 
Palatii, Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101: in conjunc- 
tion with infimus, ab inf. radicibus 
montis, Caes. B. C. 1, 41. Phr.: he 
encamped at the f. of the mountain, sub 
monte consedit, Caes.: he removed his 
house down to the f. of the Velia, aedes 
suas sub Veliam detulit, Cic. V. 
Milit. term: forces serving on f.: pédes 
(cf. L. G. § 590), péditatus: v. INFANTRY. 

foot, on foot (asadj.): _—1, ped- 
ester, tris, tre: jf. forces, p. copiae, 
Caes.: Cic.: a statue on f., p. statua, 
Cic. Phil. 9, 6, 13: a journey on f. (i. e. 
by land; opp. to by sea), p. iter, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 9, med. 2. pédes, itis, c. 
(only of persons) : v. FOOT (1., ad init.). 

foot (v.): i.e, to treads Phr.: to 
f. the ground (in dancing), pulsare tel- 
lurem, Hor. Od. 1, 39, 2- 

foot-ball: Phr.: to play at f, 
*pilam pedibus pulsare; v. BALL. Fig. 


FOOT-BATH FOR FOR 


pro patria, Cic.: to pay f. Freight, pro } been perpetrated f. a period of ten 
vectura solvere, Cic. Att. 1, 3: hecon- | years, omnia quae inter decem annos 
Jesses that he is under great obligation nefarie facta sunt, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 13, 
to Caesar f. his kindness, confitetur sese | 37: Pl Phr.: f.a little while, paul- 
pro Caesaris beneficiis plurimum debere, | lisper, Cic.: f. a long while, diu (v. 
Caes. B. G. 5,27. See also INSTEAD OF. | LONG, adv.): J. the present, in praesens 
Il. Jn proportion to, consideration | tempus, Cic.; or simply in praesens, 
of? 1, pro: f. their population, they | Hor. : Tac. (v. PRESENT): f. the future, 
deemed their territories too limited, pro | in posterum, in reliquum (Vv. FUTURE). 
multitudine hominum angustos se fines VII. Also of time; to denote the 
habere arbitrabantur, Caes. B. G. 1, 2: | appointment of a definite time: in (with 
a battle very sanguinary for the number acc.): you had arranged the massacre 
of combatants, prvelium atrocius quam f. the 28th of October, in a. d. V. Kal 
pro numero pugnantium, Liv. 21, 29, | Novembres caedem te contulisse, Cic. 
wnt. 9, expr. by ut: he had con- Cat. 1, 3, 7: he invited te man to 
siderable acquaintance with literature dinner f. the following day, ad coenam 
f. a Roman, wultae [in eo erant), ut | hominem invitavit in posterum diem, 
in homine Romano literae, Cic. Sen. 4, | Cic. Also when a period of time is 
12: animportant and flourishing state, agreed upon: they obtained a truce Sf. 
f. @ German one, civitas ampla atque | thirty years, indutias in triginta annos 
florens, ut est captus Germanorum, Caes. impetraverunt, Liv. 9, 37, tr. : lo pro- 
B. G. 4, 3- (But Tac. has ut inter, long power f. a year, in annum impe- 
with a totally different meaning, Agr. | rium prorogare, Liv. VIII. Of price 
11, init.) [|], Because of: 1, (after | or exchange : 1, expr. by abl.: 
negative expressions) prae (with abl.) : | (L. G. § 316): to buy a pint of water f. 
T know not where I am f. joy, prae | @ mina, aquae sextarium mina emere, 
gaudio nescio ubi sim, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, | Cic.. Liv.: he changes round f. square 
67: you will not see the sun f. the mul- | (or conversely), mutat quadrata rotundis, 
titude of missiles, solem prae jaculorum Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100: cf. Od.1,17,2. (N.B.— 
multitudine non videbitis, Cic. Tusc. 1, With mutare, in sense of to exchange, the 
42, 101. 2, propter (with acc.): f. | price given is regularly put in abl.; but 
that very cause, propter eam ipsam Hor. puts either of the objects of ex 
causam, Cic.: v. ACCOUNT OF (ON). 3, change in the abl. without difference of 
ob (with acc.): f. this reason, ob eam meaning.) 9. (when the sum paid is 
causam, Cic.; to take money f. giving & indefinite) expr. by such genitives as 
verdict, ob rem judicandam pecuniam tanti, quanti, tantidem, pluris, minoris 5 
accipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, init.: to en-|or the ablatives magno (not multo 
counter death f. the good of the state, ) permagno, plurimo, nihilo: v, L. G. 
mortem ob rempublicam obire, Tac. § 316, Obs. 2. F. nothing. gratis, gra- 
Ann, 2, 83. 4, de (with abl.: esp. tuito, Cic. (v. GRATUITOUSLY) Mis- 
with causa): to do any thing f. an im-|cell. phr.: to be f., i.e. in favour of 
portant reason, aliquid gravi de causa | 4 party, stiideo, faveo (both with dat.) = 
facere, Cic. Att. 7, 7, 3: f. these reasons, | V. TO Favour: see if this does not alto- 
his de causis, Caes.: to weep f. the death | gether make f. me, vide ni hoc sit totum 
of a son, de filii morte flere, Cic. Verr. | a me, Cie (v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
2, 2, 30, 76. IV. To the advantage ab, CG. 1V.) If. my part think, equi- 
of: expr. by dat. (L. G. § 288): he dem censeo, Cic. (v. INDEED): f. all you 
(Pisistratus) conquered Megara not f. | may enumerate so many, quamvis multos 
his country, but f. himself, sibi non | enumeres licet, Cic. (v. ALTHOUGH): J- 
race): to reach the goal in the f., cursu | patriae Megarenses vicit, Just.: to fear | all I know, quod sciam, Cic. N.B.—Fo 
contingere metam, Hor.: v. Race. 2, |f- any one, timere alicni, Cic. VY. | in English often represents the acc. and 
expr. by stadium (the ground where the | With a view to; with a certain result : inf. in Latin: t is by no means seemly 
f. was run): to run a f., stadium cur- 1, in (with acc.) : to live f. the day f.an orator to get angry, oratorem irasci 
rere, Cic. Off. 3, 10,42. One who runs (only), in diem vivere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, | minime decet, Cic. (v. L. G. § 510): it 
in a f., stadiodromus (arad.dSpomos), as | 33: she had come f. the funeral (i. e., to also sometimes denotes the relation of 
epith. of a statue, Plin. 34, 8, 19 § 59: | attend it), venerat in funus, Cic. Att. | an objective gen. to its governing subs. : 
a portico fitted for such f.s, porticus | 15, 1, med.: each wished to be the one | resentment f. an injury, dolor injuriae, 
stadiata, Vitr. 5, 11, 3- whom Fortune might select f. the con- | Liv.: grief f. the loss of a wife, dolor 
foot-soldier: pédes, itis, c.: Caes, : | test, se quisque eum optabat quem For- | conjugis amissae, Ov. (v. L. G. § 268): 
Cic. Belonging to f.s, pédester, tris, | tuna in id certamen legeret, Liv. 21, | also sometimes the prep. belongs to a 
tre: V. INFANTRY. 42: to change f. the worse, in deterius | verb immediately preceding it; as to 
foot-step: vestigium : ”o fs on the | mutare, Tac. Ann. 14, 43. 9. ad| hope for, to wait Jor; where see TO 

way baci, nulla v. retrorsum, Hor. Ep. | (with ace.): ships ready f. sailing, | HOPE, WAIT, etc. : 4 
1, I, 75: Cie. Fig.: to tread in a | naves paratae ad navigandum, Caes. ; @ for (conj.): 1, nam (introducing a 
father's fs, [a pueritia] vestigiis in- | man useful f. nothing, homo ad nullam direct reason; and standing regularly 
gredi patris, Cic. Rep. 6, 24. rem utilis, Cic.: money is voted f. the | first in its clause): avoid a questioner : 
foot-stool: 1. scabellum: Varr.: | games, pecuniae ad ludos decernuntur, f. the same is a gossip, percontatorem 
Quint. 9, scamnum (of which the Cic.: man was made f. intelligence and | fugito; nam garrulus idem est, Hor.: 
preced. is strictly dimin.): Ov. A. A, | action, homo ad intelligendum et ad | Caes.: Cic. Itis often used elliptically : 
2, 211 agendum natus est, Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40: what kind of insanity do you think I 
fop: no exact word: Cic. thus de- | the chamaeleon plant is good f. (curing) | have? f. to myself I seem in my Senses, 
scribes the youny f.s in Catiline’s com- difficulty of wrine, facit ad difficultatem | quam me stultitiam insanire putas? 
pany: quos pexo capillo, nitidos, aut urinae chamaeleon, Plin. (but here the | ego nam videor sanus esse, Hor. 5. 2, 
imberbes aut bene barbatos videtis .... dat. might have been used: cf. Plin. 22, | 3, 302 (the position of nam 1s poet.) : 
hi pueri tam lepidi ac delicati, Cat. | 18, 21, etc.): he had Licinus f. his|v. L. G. § 581, Obs. 2, namque 
2, 10: perh., *putida quadam munditia amanuensis, Licinum servum sibi ha- (strengthened form of nam): Caesar 
adolescens ; qui circa corporis curam buit ad manum, Cic. 3, expr. by dat. | came to the rescue in the very nick of 
morosior est, comp. Suet. Caes. 45. (of Purpose or Result, L. G. § 297): to time: f....+, tempore opportunissimo 
foppery : perh. lénocinia corporum ; serve f. a lesson to the rest, ut -int reli- Caesar auxilium tulit; namque ....» 
Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146: *nimia corporis | quis documento, Caes.: f. whose advan- | Caes. B. G. 4, 34: later authors often put 
ac vestitus elegantia: v. FINERY- tage, cui bono? Cic. R. Am. 30, 84. | namque after another word, as, f. they 
foppish: elegantior quam decet; VI. Of time, during a certain pe- | painted pictures of plants, pinxere nam- 
nitidus, délicatus, mOordsus: Vv. FOP. riod: 1, expr. by ace. (LL. G. § 249): | que effigies herbarum, Plin. 25, 2, 4: 
fovpishly: *cum nimia vestitus ele- | the matrons mourned him Ff. & year, | Liv. 3, 44, med., ibi namque ... ludi 
gantia, morositate. matronge annum eum luxerunt, Liv.: | erant. 8, enim (less emphatic than 
foppishness: munditia odiosa, ex- | Cic. (N.B.—This is the usual constr, | nam from which it is derived, and never 
quisita nimis, Cic. Off. 1, 36,1303 *nimia | when the subs. has an attributive, un- | first in a sentence: V- L. G. § 581): he 
s. putida cultus elegantia, morositas, less protraction of time is to be spe- ‘shouted that they should be of good 
for (prep.): |, In place of, in| cially insisted on. 9, per (insisting | cheer, f. he saw the traces of men, ex- 
behalf of: pro (with abl.): they use | on protraction of time): J. three years, clamayit ut bono essent animo,; videre 
oblong pieces of iron f. money, utuntur | not @ case was adjudged save at his | enim se hominum vestigia, Cic. Rep. I, 
ferreis taleis pro nummo, Caes. B. G. | pleasure, nulla res per triennium nisi | 17, fin.: and yet I did not think of 
5, 12 I will go f. you, if you don't | ad nutum istius judicata est, Cic.: f.ten | yous J. I knew, etc., neque tamen de te 

* ike to do so, ego pro te ibo si tibi non | (whole) days, yames were celel , ludi | cogitavi ; sciebam enim, etc. « Cic. 

7. libet, Pt.. he was left f. dead, pro oc- | decem per dies facti sunt, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, | Eténim (Kat yap, and in fact; copula- 
By iso relictus est, Cic. Sext. 38, 81: to| 20: V. THROUGHOUT. 3. inter (with | tive as well as illative: at the Lag 

acc.: in the course of, from time to jo a sentence): f. no one can § 


ht f. the laws, f. freedom, f. coun- 
1 plane pro ute pro libertate, | time) + all the iniquities which have | well, saving he have a good waters 
I 


ie f. of Fortune, Fortunae pila, Aur. 
ict. 
foot-bath : 1._pelliivia, pellu- 
vium, Fest.s. vv. 2, lavacrum pedum: 
v. BATH. Phr.: to take a J., *pedes 
lavare. 

foot-board; *scamnum pedibus, ad 
pedes imponendos. 

foot-boy:; v. FOOTMAX. 

foot-guards: *stipatores or satellites 
pedestres: v. GUARDS. 

footing (subs.): |. Standing- 

ound; *locus in quo firmiter insisti 
possit; pedibus (aptus) locus. Phr.: 
their f. giving way on the slope, in prono 
pede se fallente, Liv. 21, 36, med. Il. 
Position, condition: status, Us: te re- 
store (a thing) to its former f., in anti- 
quum s. restituere, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 4, 
32: to be on such a f. that the caprice 
of fortune could not shake it, in €0 8. 
esse quem temeritas fortunae labefactare 
non possit, Cic. Join: sedes et status 
(fig. of the mind), Cic. pe ey ep ey 
Phr.. on an equal f., ex aequo, Liv. 
ys 30, init.: Tac. Ger. 36: to be on an 
f. with the gods, in aequo diis 
stare, Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 2: to be on the 
same f. (of right), eodem jure esse quo 
fuerant, Cic. Verr. 3, 6, 12° Liv.: on 
what f. the matter stands, quomodo res 
se habeat, Cic.(v. How). See also sTaTE, 
CONDITION. 

footman: |, A solder: pédes, 
itis; v. FOOT-soLDIER. —_,_ 4 lacquey: 

J, pédiséquus and pédisséquus ; 

fem. -a: Cic. Q, servus a pedibus: 
Cic. Att. 8, 5. 

foot-pad; latro, grassator: Vv. KOB- 
BER, HIGHWAYMAN. 

foot-path; 1, semita (any narrow 
path): well-worn (beaten) fs, tritae s., 
Vatr.: Vv. PATH. 9, agraria via 
(through fields): Ulp. Dig. 43, 8, 2 G22: 
(N.B,—Not pedestre iter, p. Vials ans 
FOOT, ON.) 

foot-print: vestigium: PL: Quint. : 
y. FOOTSTEP. 

foot-race: 1, cursus, tis (any 















































































FORAGE 


FORCE 


FORCIBLE 





ing, etenim dicere bene nemo potest, 
nisi qui prudenter intelligit, Cic. Brut. 
6, 23: comp. id. Fin. 1, 9, 30; and v. IN 
FACT. 5, quippé (at the beginuing 
of a sentence: in this connection about 
equiv. to etenim): mot that you can 
give me any help; f. the matter is in 
hand, and you are at the other end of 
the world, non quo me aliquid juvare 
posses; quippe res est (al. quippe; res 
enim est) in manibus, tu autem abes 
longe gentium, Cic. Att. 6, 3, init.: I 
confess, he says, that in the matter of 
Gabinius I was guilty: yes; J. you see, 
etc., fateor, inquit, in Gabinio nefarium 
me fuisse: quippe vides, etc., Cic. Dom. 
48, 126: both kinds have a trifling 
name; f.in fact this whole business of 
exciting laughter is trifling, leve nomen 
habet utraque res; quippe leve enim 
est totum hoc, risum movere, Cic. de Or. 
2, 54, 218: V. BECAUSE. 

foraze (subs.): pabtlum: v. FODDER. 

forage (v.): to get provision for man 
or beast (esp the latter): 1, pabulor, 
1 (to get fodder): Caesar had sent thiee 
legions to go to f., Caesar pabulandi 
causa tres legiones miserat, Caes.: Tac. 

Q. trimentor, 1 (f0 get corn): for 

the sake of pillaging and f.ing, prae- 
dandi frumentandique causa, Caes.: to 
i*. in the adjoining territory, in pro- 
pinquo agro f., Liv. (Frumentor and 
pabulor are expressly distinguished in 
Caes. B. C. 1, 48, fin.: pabulandi aut 
frumentandi causa.) 

forager: ], pabilator: Caes.: 
Liv. 9. frimentator (differing from 
preced. as frumentor from pabulor: v. 
preced. art., fin.) : Liv. 3. expr. by 
pres. part. of pabulor, frimentor: v. 
L. G. § 638. 

foraging: 1, pabiilatio: Caes. 

- 2. trumentatio: Caes.: Suet. 3, 
expr. by ger. of pabulor, frumentor. 

forasmuch: quum, qudniam: v. 
WHEREAS, SINCE. 

forbear: i. e., to refrain from doing 
something : 1, parco, péperci and 
parsi, parcitum and parsum, 3 (with 
dat. ; less freq. with infin.) : to f. lamen- 
tations, p. lamentis, Liv. 6, 3: f., if you 
please, to boast of fidelity and the rights 
of alliance, parce, sis, fidem ac jura socie- 
tatis jactare, Liv. 34, 32, extr.: Virg.: 
Hor. 9, mitto, misi, ssum, 3 (esp. in 
imperat.,=away with: mostly poet.) : 
F. fond hopes, mitte spes leves, Hor. Ep, 
I, 5, 8: sometimes with in/in.: f. to 
speak il, mitte male loqui, Ter. And. 5, 
3,2: Hor. 3, siipersédeo, sédi, ssum, 
2 (to dispense with, q. v.: with abl. ; 
less freq. with infin.): I should have 
forborne to speak before you, super- 
sedissem loqui apud vos, Liv. 21, 40, 
init. 4, figio, figi, fugitum, 3 (like 
mitto: v. supr.): f. to enquire what is 
to be on the morrow, quid sit futurum 
cras, fuge quaerere, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 13: 
Lucr. 5, tempéro, 1: v. TO REFRAIN 
FROM. 

forbearance : 1, patientia: to 
abuse any one’s f., p. alicujus abuti, 
Cic. Cat. 1, init. 9, longanimitas: 
Vulg. Rom. ii. 4. 

forbid: 1, véto, ui, itum, 1 (usu. 
with acc. and inf.: most gen. term): 
Caesar had f.en the lieutenants to give 
over the work, ab opere legatos Caesar 
discedere vetuerat, Caes. B. G. 2, 20: 
Cic.: also absol., every Jaw either orders 
or f.s, omnis lex aut jubet aut v., 
Quint. 7, 5, 5: or with acc. of person or 
thing alone; when I would make Greek 
verses, Quirinus forbade me, quum 
Graecos facerem versus, vetuit me Qui- 
rinus, Hor. S. 1, 10, 32: to f. war, bella 
v., Virg. Aen. 2, 84. Less freq. foll. by 
subj.: I shall f. him to be under the 
same roof, vetabo sub isdem sit trabibus, 
Hor. Od. 3, 2, 26: with ne, Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 239. 2. interdico, xi, ctum, 3 (by 
a jormal decree: constr. with acc. of 
person and abl. of thing; or dat. of 
person and acc. of thing: also with 
subj.): to f. any one to partake in the 
sacrifices, int. aliquem sacrificiis, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 13: in pass., the people of An- 

314 


| tium were f.en the use of the sea, inter- 


| dictum est mare Antiati populo, Liv. 8, 
| 14, med,: to f. any one the use of fue 
and water, alicui aqua et igni int., Cic. 
(v. TO BANISH): he solemnly f.s Vassi- 
vellaunus to injure Mandubratius, int. | 
{et imperat] Cassivellauno ne Mandu- 
bratio noceat, Caes. B G. 5, 22, extr.: 
Ter.: Cic. 3, interminor, 1 (in a | 
threatening way: with subj.): I forbad 
you with threats to do so, interminatus 
sum ne faceres, Ter. And. 3, 2, 16: f.en 
food, interminatus cibus, Hor. Epod. 5, 
39. (The act. form occurs in PI.) 4, 
expr. by impéro, sancio, mando, with 
ne and subj.: he f.s me to go away, 
mihi ne abscedam imperat, Ter. Eun. 3, 
5, 30 (cf. supr. 2, fin.): Flaccus by an 
edict forbad the exportation of corn from 
Asia, Flaccus edicto sanxit, ne frumen- 
tum ex Asia exportari liceret, Cic. Fl. 
28, 67: nor is that f.en by any law, nec 
quominus id liceret, ulla lex sanxit, Cic. 
ad Br. 1, 5, med.: this is f.en by the 
law of nature, hoc lege naturae sancitum 
est, ut nihil...., Cic. Harusp. 14, 32: 
(Caesar) had f.en Trebonius to allow 
Massilia to be taken by storm, Trebonio 
mandaverat, ne Massiliam per vim ex- 
pugnari pateretur, Caes.: v. TO COM- 
MAND. 5, prohibeo, 2 (rare in this 
sense: constr. with acc., also sometimes 
with infin.) : to command what is right, 
and f. the opposite, recta imperare, pr. 
contraria, Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 36: at Athens 
an orator was f.en to move the passions, 
Athenis affectus movere prohibebatur 
orator, Quint. 6, 1, 7: the gods f., quod 








di prohibeant ! Ter. Andr. 3, 3, 36: PL: 
v.TO PREVENT. Phr.: the gods f., dii 
meliora! Cic. Sen. 14, 473; ne di sirint 
siverint), Pl. Merc. 3, 4, 28; ne istuc 
Jupiter O. M. sirit, Liv. 28, 28, ad med. : 
see also supr. (5). 

forbidden (part.adj.): 1, véti- 
tus: Hor.: v. TO FORBID (1). 2. 
néfas, indecl. (f. by fate or the gods) : 
enquire not thou; ‘tis f. to know, tu ne 
quaesieris ; scire nefas, Hor. Od.1, 11,1: 
V. UNLAWFUL. 

forbidding (adj.): perh. tétricus 
(sour and mwrose): cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 
721, t. puella; and Mart. 4, 73, 6, t. deae 
(i. e., the fates): or insuavis, Odidsus : 
V. UNPLEASANT, DISAGREEABLE. 

force (subs.) : |. Strength, energy: 

1, vis, vim, vi; pl. vires, f. (in most 

senses of the Eng.): the f. of a current, 
v. fluminis, Caes.: Lucr.: f. (violence) 
is repelled by f., vis vi repellitur, Cic. 
Of immaterial things: f. of intellect, v. 
ingenii, Cic.: the entire f. (essence or 
nature) of friendship, omnis v. amici- 
tiae, Cic. Am. 4,15: the f. (power) of 
conscience, v. conscientiae, Cic. Mil. 23, 
61: baffled by the f. of truth, repulsus 
veritatis viribus, Phaedr, 1, 1, fin. 2), 
manus, us, f. (meton.: “main f.”): 
in this sense usu. pl.: to keep one’s 
liberty by f., libertatem per manus re- 
tinere, Sall. Jug. 31, ad fin. : the matter 








came to f. and fighting, res venit ad 
manus et ad pugnam, Cic.: v. VIOLENCE. 

3. momentum (of that which deter- 
mines things one way or another): v. 
INFLUENCE, WEIGHT. 4, impétus, Us: 
v. IMPETUOSITY, ENERGY. Phr.: f. of 
style, nervi, Cic. Or. 19, 62: Hor. A. P. 
26 (v. viGouR): to be in f. (of laws), 
valére, Cic. in Sen. 5, 11: they don’t 
comprehend the f. of this word, hoc 
verbum quid valeat non intelligunt, 
Cic. Off. 3, 9, 39 (v. MEANING) : to lose f., 
obsolescere, cf. Cic. Sext. 28, 60 (v. OBSO- 
LETE, TO BECOME). |]. Military : Le 
cOpiae, arum: cavalry and infantry f.s, 
equestres et pedestres c., Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 





112: to raise large f.s, magnas Cc. com- 
parare, Cic.: Caes. Dimin., copiolae, 
petty f.s, D. Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 13. 

2. vires, ium, f. (in milit. sense, 
troops with reference to thetr strength 
as awhole): sufficient f.s for an engage- 
ment, satis virium ad certamen, Liv. 3, 
60: sometimes appy. simply = copiae : 
ef. Liv. 9, 13, extr., undique contractis 
viribus cum Papirio conferre. See also 
TROOPS. 





force (v.): ]. To compel: cogo, 
cdégi, cOactum, 3: V.TO COMPEL. ff, 
In phr. to f. a passage or way: i 
perrumpo, ripi, ptum, 3: they f. a pas 
sage through the midst of the enemy, per 
medios hostes perrumpunt, Caes. B. G 


6,40: to f. a passage through a marsh 
|paludem p., Caes. B. G. 4, 19: also 


without acc.: they f.d their way inte 
(the emperors) dining-room, perruperun’ 
in triclinium usque, Suet. Oth. 8. OA. 
irrumpo, 3 (into some place): lo f. a 
passage into the camp, in castya ir., Liv. . 
Cae>.: V. TO BREAK INTO. 93, Erumpo, 
3 (out of some surrounding obstacles) : 
to f. a passage out through (the midst 
of) the enemy, per hostes e., Liv. 22, 50 
4, rumpo, 3 (with viam, iter): 
thither they j.d a passage in a wedge- 
shaped body, eo rupere cuneo viam, Livy, 
2, 50, ad fin.: Virg 5, é@luctor, 1 
(to struggle, squeeze out): all the water 
will f. its way out, aqua eluctabitur 
omuis, Virg. G. 2, 244: Sen.: tof. a 
passage through the snow, nives e., Tac, 
H. 3, 59: Liv. 24, 26, ad jin. (|. Zo 
violate, vavish: q. V. IV. To raise 
fruits, etc., prematurely: festino, I: a 
Jd ripeness (of mind), festinata matu- 
ritas, Quint. 6, pret. § lo: v. TO HASTEN. 
down: détrido, si, sum, 3: v 
TO THRUST DOWN. 
from or out: 1, excittio 
ssi, ssum, 3: to f. money from a per- 
son’s hand, nummos de manu alicujus 
ex., Ulp Dig. 47, 2,53 § 13: we ave f.d 
out of our course, excutimur cursu, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 200: he f.d the tears from 
my eyes, mibi lacrimas excussit, Ter 
Heaut. 1, I, 115. 2, extorqueo, si, 
tum, 2: v. TO EXTORT. 8. exprimo, 
pressi, ssum, 3 (lit. to squeeze out): heat 
fd out by collision of clouds, nubium 
conflictu ardor expressus, Cic. Div. 2, 19, 
44: to f. out a few tears by rubbing the 
eyes, lacrimulam oculos terendo vi expr. 
Ter. Eun. 1, I, 22. 4, extundo, tidi, 
tiisum, 3 (strictly, with a blow or shock 
of some Icind): a frequent cough f.s out 
blood, frequens tussis sanguinem ex., 
Cels. 4, 4,5: tof. a tiing from any one 
by raillery, by entreaties, aliquid alicui 
convicio, precibus ex., Suet. Vesp. 2. 

— in, on, or upon: 1. ingéro, 
gessi, gestum, 3: to f. one’s friendship 
om any one, alicui amicitiam suam i., 
Suet.: Hor.: to f. a /ciss upon any one, 
alicui osculum i., Suet. Gr. 23, extr.: 
opp. to subtrahere [se], to draw back 
difjidently, Plin. Pan. 2. inculco, 1 
(repeatedly): the Greeks f. themselves 
upon our attention, Graeci se inc. auri- 
bus nostris, Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 19. S: 
obtrido, si, sum, 3 (to thrust upon): 
since she cannot be f.d on any one else, 
ea quoniam nemini obtrudi potest, Ter. 
And. I, 5, 15. 

—-- up: subigo, égi, actum, 3: he 
fs the light boat by rowing up the 
stream, adverso flumine lembum remi- 
giis sub., Virg. G. 1, 202: to f. the fleet 
up to the fort, naves ad castellum s., 
Liv. 26, 7, fin. 

forced (part. adj.): |, Unnatural: 
arcessitus, Quaesitus: V. FAR-FETCHED. 

||, In phr. forced marches: magna, 

maxima iltinera: (Caesar) arrived by 
Jf. marches in the territories of the Nervit, 
venit magnis itineribus in fines Nervi- 
orum, Caes.: he hastened into Gaul by 
exceedingly f. marches, quam maximis 
itineribus potest, in Galliam contendit, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 7: by f. marches night 
and day, magnis diurnis nocturnisque 
itineribus, Caes. B. G. 1, 38: Brut. in 
Cic. 

forceful : 
STRONG, 

forcemeat: @ kind of stuffing: in- 
sicia and insicium: Varr. L. L. 5, 22 
§ 110: Macr. 

forceps: forceps, ipis, c. (often con- 
fused with forfex, icis): Cels. 7, 123 
also volsella, Cels. L c.: v. PINCERS. 

forcible: |, Hffected by force: 
per vim factus: v. FORCIBLY ; VIOLENT. 

|]. Possessing force: 1, validus: 
a very f. kind of speaking, validissimum 





validus: v. POWERFUL, 


“eee: we 





FORCIBLY 





genus (dicendi), Quint. 12, 10, 63° v. 
STRONG, POWERFUL. y,. véhémens, 
ntis (stronger than the Eng.): v. v10- 
LENT. 3. (of style) nervosus: who 
more f. in style than Aristotle, quis 
nervosior in dicendo Aristotele? Cic. 
Br. 31, fin. 4, gravis, e (as of argu- 
ments, etc.): Cic.: Vv. WEIGHTY. Phr.: 
to be a f. argument, Magno esse argu- 
mento, Cic.: Vv. ARGUMENT. 
forcibly: |. Sy main force: 1, 
per vim, vi: because they had attempted 
f. to make their way through the pro- 
vince, quod iter per provinciam per vim 
tentassent, Caes. B. G. 1, 14: Cic.: to 
hold f., secretly, unwarrantably (legal 
terms), vi, clam, precario, possidere, Cic. 
Caec. 32,92: v. FORCE. Q, vidlenter: 
v. VIOLENTLY. ||. Of speaking, argu- 
ing, with conclusiveness and effect: 1, 
graviter (weightily and with dignity) : 
to speak most f., gravissime dicere, Cic. : 
Vv. IMPRESSIVELY. 2, nervosé (with 
vigour and energy): to speak f., 1 
dicere, Cic. Or. 36, 127: comp. Cic. Off. 
3, 29, 106. 
ford (subs.): vadum: the Rhone in 
some places is crossed by a f., Rhodanus 
oonnullis locis vado transitur, Caes. B. G. 
1,6: to lead (troops) across by a f., vado 
transmittere, transducere, Caes. B. C. 3, 
co fie) UY NADL 6 
ford (v.): i.e., to cross by a f., [flu- 
men, fretum ] vado transire, superare: v. 
preced, art. 
fordable: Phr.: to be f. vado 
transiri, superari (posse): v. FORD 
(subs.). 
fore (adj.): i. e., in front: iL 
prior, us: the f. feet, p. pedes, Nep. 
Kum. 5: the f. part of the head, p. pars 
capitis, Plin. 2. anticus (opp. to 
posticus: rare): to be impelled towards 
the f. part, in a. partem pelli, Cic. Tim. 
10, med.: Vv. FRONT. Phr.: the f. part 
of a ship, prora (v. PROW). 
fore-arm (svbs.) : brachium: v. arn. 
forearm (v.): mostly used in fig. 
sense; to prepare beforehand for dan- 
ger: 1, praecaveo, cavi, cautum, 2 
(intrans.—=to be f.’d, to f. one’s self): 
that is a thing I must be fd agaiist, 
illud praecavendum est mihi, Pl. Men. 
5, 2,107: tf you are on the look-out und 
.d, ill never move you, provi- 
dentem ante et praecaventem nunquam 
te movebunt, Cic. Pl. 22, 53: an anti- 
dote taken to f. one against poisons, anti- 
dotum ad praecavenda venena sumptum, 
Suet. Cal. 23. 2. praeminio, 4: to 
f. one’s self with antidotes, through fear 
of poisons, metu venenorum praemuniri 
medicamentis, Suet. Cal. 29. 3, paro, 
I (to prepare, in whatever way): f.d 
against fortune, contra fortunam para- 
tus armatasque, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, init. : 
v. TO PREPARE. 
forebode: |. To forewarnof: 1, 
portendo, di, tum, 3 (to point to some- 
thing in the future): because they f., 
they are called portenta, quia portendunt, 
portenta dicuntur, Cic.: it f.s a change 
in affairs, commutationem rerum por- 
tendit fore, Cic. 2. praesagio, ivi, 4: 
this scantiness of forces seemed to me to 
f. retreat, not battle, haec exiguitas copi- 
arum recessum, non dimicationem mihi 
praesagiebat, Coel. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, ro, 
tit.: this likewise f.s the mortality of 
the soul, id quoque pr., mortalem vivere 
mentem, Lucr.: (commoner in sense II., 
aver 3, nuntio, dénuntio, prae- 
nuntio, 1 (to give pre-intimations of): 
an azure sun f.s rain, coeruleus (sol) 
pluviam den., Virg. G. 1, 453: a prodigy 
by which it was f.d that nature was 
travailing with a king, prodigium quo 
denuntiabatur regem naturam parturire, 
Suet.: a pallid (faint) rising sun f.s 
hail, pallidus oriens grandinem n., Plin. 
18, 35, 78: a kind of natural force f.s 
the future, vis et natura quaedam futura 
praen., Cic. liv. 1, 6, extr. 4. sig- 
Nifico, 1: he consults the quivering en- 
trails, to see uhat they. f. to him, quid 
sibi significent spirantia consulit exta, 
Ov.: to f. a tempest for the next day, in 
proximum diem tempestatem s., Plin. : 


FOREIGN 


Col.: the comp. praesignifico alse occurs ] 
in Cic. in same sense. 5. mone, 2: 
V. TO FOREWARN. |, To havea f.ing 
of: 1, augiiror, 1: at the approach 
of death the soul f.s (has a f.ing of ) the | 
Suture, appropinquante morte, animi 
futura a,,Cic. Also act. : if my mind fs 
aught of truth, si quid veri mens augurat, | 
Virg.: Cic. 2, praesentio, si, sum, 4 
(to have a presentiment of): to f. (have 
fovebodings of) the future, futura pr., 
Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100: V. PRESENTIMENT. 
8. praesagio, ivi, 4: to f., that is, 
to anticipate the future, pr., id est, 
futura ante sentire, Cic. Div. 1, 31, init. : 
my mind j.d that I was going on a 
Jool’s errand, pravsagibat mibi animus 
frustra me ire, Pl. Aul. 2, 2, 1. | 
foreboding (suvbs.): |. An out- 
ward indication or warning: por- | 
tentum, augirium, praesagium: v. avu- 
GURY, PRESAGE. I]. An inward pro- 
phetic feeling: praeseusio: Cic.: v. 
PRESENTIMEXT. To have af., praesagire, 
praesentire, etc. : v. TO FOREBODE (11.). 
foreboding (@4j.): 1, praesagus: 
a mind f. ill, mens p. mali, Virg.: Ov. 
2. nuntius, praenuntins, a, um: v. 
HARBINGER. 
forecast (v.): praevideo, praesimo, 
etc.: Vv. TO FORESEE, ANTICIPATE. 
forecast (subs.): providentia: v. 
FORESIGHT. 
forecastle: prior pars navis; prora, 
Vv. PROW. 
forecourt; vestibiilum: Cic.: Vitr.: 
V. VESTIBULE. 
foredoom: dévéveo, destino, prae- 
destino: v. TO DOOM, PREDESTINE. 
forefather: ‘tavus, abavus, avus 
(strictly, at the fourth, third, second 
remove): V. ANCESTOR. Plur. majores, 
um: Cie. 
forefend: prébibeo, 2: v. To FoRBID 
(extr.). 
fore-finger : 
FINGER. 
fore-foot: prior pes: v. FORE. (An- 
tepes in Cic. Arat. Phaen. 454 is prob. 
corrupt.) 
forego: i.e. togiveup: 1, siiper- 
sédeo, sedi, ssum, 2 (40 do without: 
usu. with abl.; also infin.) : vy. TO DIS- 
PENSE WITH, FORBEAR. 2. dimitto, 
misi, ssum, 3: to f. one’s right, suum 
jus d. (opp. to retinere), Cic. Bal. 13, 31: 
Caes. 8. praetermitto, 3 (to pass by 
as of no account ; whereas dimitto im- 
plies the sacrifice of something in itself 
valuable) : temperance consists in fing 
sensual pleasure, temperantia constat ex 
praetermittendis voluptatibus, Cic. N. D. 
3, 15, 38. 4. cédo or décédo, si, ssum, 
3 (to depart from, give up, waive): to 
J. one’s rights, de suo jure cedere (al. 
decedere), Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 
foregoing (@4j.): prior, proximus: 
V. PRECEDING, FORMER. 
foreground: pars prior, proxima 
tabulae. 
forehead: frons, ntis, f.: distin- 
guished by a narrow f., insignis tenui 
f., Hor. Od. 1, 33, 5: the f of a sheep, 
f. ovis, Ov. Fast. 4, 102: Cues. <Adj.: 
with double f. (or face), bifrons, ntis, 
Virg. 
foreign: |. Of another country: 
1, externus: af. religion, ex. religio, 
Cic.: among f. nations, apud ex. popu- 
los, Cic. : f. words, ex. verba, Quint. : f. 
customs, ex. mores, Tac. 9. exter or 
extérus, a, um: less frequent than ex- 
ternus: allies and f. nations, socii et 
ex. nationes, Cic.: f. kingdoms, ex. 
regna, Virg. 8. péregrinus (that has 
come from abroad: externus, exterus, 
denote simply belonging to a country 
outside our own): a f. ship, p. avis, 
Ov.: fear of a f. foe, p. terror, Liv. 3, 
16: a f. woman (Helen), Hor. Od. 3, 3, 
19° f. trees, p. arbores, Plin, £5, 13, 12. 
4, barbirus (strictly, spea/cing an 
unintelligible language: applied to na- 
tions neither Greek nor Roman): a f. 
guest, b. hospes, Pl. Rud. 2, 7, 25: rude, 
f. slaves, servi agrestes et b., Cic. Mil. 
, 26: the f. (outlandish) Syrtes, b. 
yrtes, Hor. Od. 2, 6, 3. (The word usu. | 





digitus index: v. 








FOREMOST 








carries with it the notion of uncivilized) 
Simly. barbaricus : /. names, b. nomina 
Suet. Cal. 47: f. horses, b. equi, Veg 
Vet. 4, 7, inet. 9, adventicius (opp. 
to home-produced : coming from other 
countries, imported) : f. forces, x. copiae, 
Cic. Manil. 9, 24: f. wine, a. vinum, 
Sall. (v. rmportep). Join: externus 


et adventicius (tig.), Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26; 


| Assumptus atque adventicius, Cic. Lup. 


18,69. 6. aliénigénus (rare): of f. blood, 
a. sanguinis, Val. Max. 6, 2, ad fin. The 
subs. form alienigena (v. FOREIGNER, 2) 
is also found in diff. genders: to use f. 
wine, alienigena vino uti, Gell. 2, 2 y 

exOlicus: J. wine, e. vinum, Gell. 13, 5. 
Phr.: f. menners or hatits, peregri- 
nitas, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, ad init.: to live 
in a f. country, peregrinari, Cic.: f. 
countries (collectively: not Greece or 
Rome: v. supr. 4), barbaria (also bar- 
baries, ei), Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 49. Il. 
Not pertaining to: 1, aliénus (with 
dat., or abl. alone or with prep.): f. 
to the oratorical art, arti oratoriae 4s. 
Quint. prooem. 5: Cic.: f. to friend- 
ship, amicitia a., Cic. Fam. 11, 27, ad 


| fin.: f. to a wise man, a sapiente a, 


Cic. Acad. 2, 43, 132: also absol., it 
seems not f. to our subject to...., non 
a. esse videtur, with inf., Caes. B. G. 6, 
II: V. INCONSISTENT. 2. abborrens, 
ntis (out of character with: foll. by ab 
and abl.): language f. to the character 
of an eminent man, oratio ab. a persona 
hominis gravissimi, Cic. Rep. 1,15. To 
be f. to, abborrere (of which the preced. 
is part.): Cic.: Liv. 

foreigner: 1. péregrinus (one out 
of his vwn country): even fs have been 
kings of Rome, etiam p. Romae reges 
fuerunt, Cic.: @ man was called hostis 
by our ancestors, whom noi we call af. 
hostis apud majores is dicebatur, quem 
nunc p. dicimus, Cic. Off. 1, 12, init.: no- 
body, whether citizen or f., nemo neque 
civis, neque p, Cic. Verr. 4, 35, init. 
Fem. peregrina, Ter. 2, alienigéna,c.: 
(one of foreign descent; also as adj.: 
the form alienigenus not being used by 
the best writers): what f.s are wont to 
say of you, quid a. de vobis loqui 
soleant, Cic. Fl. 27, 65: a man living at 
a distance and a f., homo longinguus 
eta., Cic. Deiot. 3, exti. 3, advéna, 
ae, c. (a new-comer, a settler): Join: 
peregrinus atque advena, Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 
extr. 4, hospes, itis, m. ; f. hospita : 
V. STRANGER. 

foreknow: 1. praenosco, 3 (to 
get a knowledge of beforehand): to f. 
the future, futura pr., Cic. Div. 1, 38, 
83. Q, praescio, ivi and ii, itum, 4 
(to know beforehand): Ter. And. 1, 5, 
4: V. KXOW BEFOREHAND. : 

foreknowing (a4dj.): praescius: f. 
the future, pr. futuri, Virg.: 7. danger, 
pr. periculorum, Tac. 

foreknowledge: |. Jn gen.sense: 

], providentia: v. FORESIGHT. 2: 

scientia, pridentia, with some qualifying 
word, as, recollection of the past, and f. 
of the future, memoria praeteritorum, 
futurorumque prudentia (al. providen- 
tia), Cic. Sen. 21, 78: the J. of (future) 
evils, futurorum malorum scientia, Cic, 
(Vv. KNOWLEDGE): to have a /. of events, 
scire, providere, quod futurum sit, futura 
prospicere, Cic.: (v. TO KNOW, FORESER) 3 
endawed with f., praescius: V. FORE- 
KNOWING. |j. As theol. ¢.: praesci- 
entia: the f. of God, pr. Dei, Tert.: 
Augustin. ; 

foreland: promontorium: v. PRO- 
MONTORY. 

forelock: 1. cirrus frontis (comp. 
FETLOCK): from the f. to the nostrils 
measures a foot, a c. frontis ad nares 
pedem habet, Veg. Vet. 4, 2. 7 
antiae, arum: Apul. Flor. Prov.: @ 
take time by the f., *occasionem prae- 
ripere (7): V. TO ANTICIPATE. 

foreman: i- ©. manager, overseer : 
procirator (Vv. AGENT, MANAGER), Vil- 
licus (on a farm): ¥. STEWARD. 

forementioned (part. adj.): supra 


dictus: Vv, AFORESAID. 
foremost (a4j.): |, In ee sense: 


FORENOON 


in the front : 1, primus: the right 
foot will have to be put f., dexter pes 
primus erit ponendus, Vitr. (v. Beck. 
Gall. p. 97): Vv. FIRST. 9. prior, 
anticus, primoris: v. FORE, FRONT. Il. 
Of chief importance: princeps, prae- 
cipuus: V. PRINCIPAL, CHIEF. 

forenoon: dies antemeridianus, horae 
antemeridianae: v. MORNING. In the f., 
ante meridiem, Cic. 

forensic: forensis, e: f. affairs, f. 
negotia, Cic.: a f. contest, f. certamen, 
Vic. See also BAR. 

forensically ; *forensi ratione. 

foreordain: praedestino, 1: v. TO 
PREDESTINE. 

fore-part; prior pars: v. FORE. 

fore-auarter: i.e. ef an animal, 
armus: Plin.; v. SHOULDER. 

fore-run; |. Lit., torun in front 
of: praecurro, 3: Pl. I]. Fig., to 
precede as a harbinger: significo, prae- 
significo, 1: v. TO FOREBODE. 

fore-runner: 1, praenuntius, f. -a: 
Vv. HARBINGER. Q, antécursor (strictly 
a 77: used fig. in eccl. writers): 
the f. of Christ, i.e. John the Baptist, 
a. Christi, Tert.: flowers the f.s of fruit, 
flores frugum a., Tert. 

fore-see: 1, praevideo, vidi, sum, 
2 (to discern what is coming to pass): 
the soul f.s the future, animus futura 
pr., Cic.: I foresee what defence Hor- 
tensius will make, praevideo quod sit 
defensurus Hortensius, Cic. Verr. 5, 9, 
22. 2. provideo, 2 (to anticipate, and 
take measures accordingly): the pilot 
by (the exercise of) reason f.s a storm, 
gubernator tempestatem ratione pr., Cic. 
Div. 2, 6,16: it is the duty of a consul 
to f. what is going to happen, est con- 
sulis pr. quid futurum sit, Cic. Mur. 2, 
4: a fn tempest, tempestas ante pro- 
visa, Ter. 3. prospicio, spexi, spect- 
um, 3 (strictly to descry from a dis- 
tance): as from a watch-tower, I fore- 
saw long before the coming storm, multo 
ante, tanquam ex specula, prospexi tem- 
pestatem futuram, Cic. Fam. 4, 3, ad 
init.: also with rel. clause, pr. quid 
auditurus sis, Cic. Quint. 10, 35. See 
also TO ANTICIPATE. 

foreseeing (adj.): providus (with 
gen.): a mind f. future events, mens p. 
futurarum rerum, Cic.: Liv. 

foreshorten: i.e. % perspective: 
perh. imagines obliquas s. in obliquum 
pingere: v. foll. art. 

foreshortening (swbs.): expr. by 
caitagrapha, orum (kataypada), pure 
Lat. obliquae imagines: he (Cimon) in- 
vented f., hic catagrapha invenit, hoc 
est, obliquas imagines, Plin. 35, 8, 34. 

foreshow: portendo, praesignifico, 
etc.: Vv. TO FOREBODE. 

foresight: 1, providentia (usu. 
with the further idea of precautionary 
measures): it is f. by which something 
future is seen before tt has come to pass, 
pr. est, per quam futurnm aliquid vide- 
tur antequam factum sit, Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 
160: do you help me with your care and 
f, tu me cura tua et pr. juva, Cic.: 
from f., prudence often brings on timi- 
dity, ex pr. consilium timorem plerum- 
que afferre solet, Sall. Jug.7. 2. pro- 
visio (implying precaution) : f. and pre- 
paredness, prov. animi et praeparatio, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 30. 8. prospicientia 
(as a habit of mind): watchfulness and 
Fs Vigilia et pr., Cic. Phil. 7,7,19- 4. 
pridentia futurorum: Cic. Sen. 21, 78 
[al. providentia]: v. FOREKNOWLEDGE. 

5, very oft. expr. by verb: we 

must exercise f.on behalf of our coun- 
try, prospiciendum, providendum patriae 
est: v. TO PROVIDE. Gifted with f,, 
providus: v. FORESEEING. 

foreskin: praepitium, Juv.: Cels. 

forest: 1, silva (most gen. term): 
Ancus Martius confiscated all the fs 
near the sea, Ancus Martius s. mari- 
timas omnes publicavit, Cic.: Liv. By 
anal., a bristling f. of dry hair, horrida 
siccae s. comue, Juv. 9,13: a rude f., 
burs and caltrops, aspera s., lappaeque 
tribulique, Virg. G. 1, 152. Adj., per- 
asec a f., silvestris, e: Vv. WOODY, 

31 





FORFEITED 


WILD. 9, saltus, ts, m. (a f. with 
heights and defiles): the Hercynian f., 
Hercynius s., Tac.: to surround the 
vast f.s with hounds, canibus magnos 
circumdare s., Virg. G. 1, 140: fs 
abounding in wild animals, s. pleni 
feris, Plin. 5, 1, 1, med.: V. WOOD, PASS 
(subs.). 
forestall : |. Yo anticipate: q.v. 
I]. Zo buy up a commodity before 
maricet : 1, praemercor, 1 (rare): to 
have no regard for price, and f. the 
market for them, pretio minus parcere 
eaque p., Cass. Hemina in Plin. 32, 2, 
1o (in this case, however, for luxury 
and not profit). 9. comprimo, pressi, 
pressum, 3 (for purposes of gain): tof. 
the corn-market, frumentum c., Cic. Att. 
5, 21,6; annonam c., Liv. 38, 35, med. 
forestaller: 1. dardanarius (prob. 
originally a nick-name): /f.s (speculators 
in corn) are apt very greatly to inter- 
Fere with the market, annonam attentare 
vel maxime solent d., Ulp. Dig. 47, 11, 6. 
2. expr. by verb: qui frumentum 
s. anuonam comprimere solet: v. TO 
FORESTALL. 
forester : |. Inhabitant of a 
forest: homo silvester: cf. Hor. A. P 
391: or silvarum incola: Vv. FOREST. 
||. Keeper of a forest: saltuarius : 
Pompon. Dig. 33, 7, 15- 
forétaste (subs.): 1, gustus, is, 
m.: I warrant the whole book to answer 
to this f. (sending a few verses by letter), 
ad hune g. totum librum repromitto, 
Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 5: Col.: v. TASTE, SPECI- 
MEN. 2, perh. arrhabo, Onis, m.: Vv. 
EARNEST (subs.). Phr.: hitherto we 
have had but a f. of happiness, *adhuc 
felicitatem nonnisi primoribus labris 
gustavimus. 
foretell; praedico, vaticinor, cano 
(poet.), divino: v. TO PREDICT. 
foreteller; vates; qui praedicit, 
etc. : V. PROPHET. 
forethought: providentia, prospici- 
entia, etc.: V. FORESIGHT, COUNSEL, 
Phr.: there is need of f., consulto opus 
est, Sall. Cat. 1. 
foretoken: portendo, praesignifico : 
v. TO FOREBODE. 
fore-topsail: perh. dolon or dolo, 
nis, m.: Liv. 36, 44. 
forewarn: 1. praemoneo, 2: to 
be fd of impending dangers, de impen- 
dentibus periculis praemoneri, Cic.: to 
f. any one to be on his guard, pr. ali- 
quem ut caveat, Cic.: f.'d of the change- 
ableness of the sky, varietatem coeli 
praemonitus, Col. 9. moneo, 2: V. 
TO WARN. 3, significo, praesignifico, 
I: V.TO FOREBUDE. Phr.: f.’d is fore- 
armed, cavendo tutus, M. L. (herald.). 
forewarning (swbs.): praemonitus, 
lis, m.: Ov.: V. WARNING, ADMONITION. 
forewoman: procuratrix: v. FORE- 
MAN. 
forfeit (subs.): poena, multa (mule- 
ta): v. PENALTY, FINE. 
forfeit (adj.): v. FORFEITED. 
forfeit (v. intr.): 1, multor, 
mulctor, 1 (pass.): with abl.: which- 


ever of the two alters, is to f. a cup, uter | 


demutassit, poculo multabitur, Pl. St. 5, 
4, 43: exiles f. their goods, multantur 
bonis exules, Cic. Tusc. 5, 37,106. 2, 
amitto, misi, missum, 3: to f. a right, jus 
am.,Cic.: v.TOLOSE. Phr.: by so doing 
you have f.d your life, *ob haec facta 
morti obnoxius es; capitis poena dignus 
es: V. TO DESERVE. See also foll. art. 

forfeited, forfeit (pt. adj.): 1. 
commissus: they said that the inherit- 
ance was f. to Venus, illam hereditatez 
Veneri commissam esse dicebant, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 10, 28: Ulp. Q. sacer, 
cra, crum (in religious formulae: ac- 
cursed, devoted): let his head be f. to 
Jove, ejus caput Jovi s. sit, Vet. plebis 
sc. in Liv. 3,55. Phr.: to become f. to 
the state (of goods), publicari; in pub- 
licum redigi, Liv. (v. TO CONFISCATE): 
his life had been (justly) f., jure caesum 
esse, Liv. (v. JUSTLY): “why, all our 
lives were f. once,” (Shaks.), *quin uni- 
versi morte digni eramus ; capitis minores 
eramus (cf. Hor. Od. 3, 5, 42)- 


| 





FORGERY 


forfeiture: 9f goods, publicatio (v 
CONFISCATION); Of life, expr. by mors, 
caput: to be punished with f. of life, 
morte poenas dependére, Cic. Sext. 67, 
140: to condemn to the f. of life, capitis 
damnare, Cic. (v. TO CONDEMN). 

forge (subs.): 1, fornax, acis, fs 
v. FURNACE. 9, officina (workshop) : 
the ponderous f.8 of the Cyclops, graves 
Cyclopum of., Hor. Od. 1, 4,8: black- 
smiths’ (lit. copper-smiths’) f.s, aerari- 
orum of., Plin.: Vv. WORKSHOP. 

forge (v-): |, Lit. to f. metal: 

1, fabricor or fabrico, 1 (to manu- 
facture): to f.a sword, gladium fabri- 
cari, Cic.: to f. the thunderbolt for Jove, 
Jovi fulmen f., Cic. Div. 2, 19, 43: the 
missiles f.d by the hands of the Cyclops, 
tela manibus fabricata Cyclopum, Ov. 

2. procido, di, sum, 3: (to beat 
out): to beat out the point of a sword by 
jf.ing, mucronis ducere fastigium pro- 
cudendo, Lucr.: to f. the fang of the 
ploughshare, dentem vomeris pr., Virg. 
G. 1, 261: anger f.s swords, ira pr. enses, 
Hor. Fig.: the tongue has to be whet- 
ted and f.d (formed), acuenda nobis et 
procudenda lingua est, Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 
Jin. 3, excido, di, sum, 3 (like pre- 
ced.): others will f. the breathing bronze 
more gracefully, excudent alii spirantia 
mollius aera, Virg. Aen. 6, 848: to f. 
swords, gladios ex., Juv. 4, edo, di, 
sum, 3 (less freq. than comps.): to f 
coins, numos c., Pl. Most. 4, 1, 46: tof. 
a ring, annulum c., Quint. 9, 2,61.  §, 
récoquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to f. [lit. heat} 
over again) : they f. their fathers’ swords 
again in furnaces, recoquunt patrios 
fornacibus enses, Virg. Aen. 7,636. 6, 
diffingo, nxi, ctum, 3 (to fashion differ- 
ently: rare): to f. anew on the anvib 
the blunted sword, incude retusum d. 
ferrum, Hor. Od. 1, 35, 39- 7%, duco, 
xi, ctum, 3: tof. a sword, ensem d., 
Tib.: comp. Lucr. l. c. (2). Il. Zo 
counterfeit : (a). of money: adulterinos 
numos cudere, percutere: Vv. TO COIN. 
(b). of documents: 1, subjicio, jéci, 
jectum, 3 (strictly to substitute): to f. 
wills, testamenta s., Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7° 
Quint. 2. suppono, posui, pdsitum, 
3 (like preced.): to f. a will, testa- 
mentum sup., Cic.: more fully, falsa 
testamenta s., Cic. Leg. 1, 16, inté. 3. 
subdo, didi, ditum, 3 (less freq.): tof. @ 
will, testamentum s., Tac. Ann. 14, 40. 

4, interpdlo, 1 (to f. clauses in @ 
document): to cancel, alter, f. clauses ; 
to take care that the erasure should not 
appear, demere, mutare, int., curare née 
litura appareat, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 61, 
158. 5, interlino, lévi, litum, 3 (to 
make erasures here and there): Cic. 
Clu. 44, 125. Phr.: to f. a will and 
get it signed, falsum testamentum ob- 
signandum curare, Cic. Clu. 44,125: they 
delivered to the Icing a spurious (fd) 
letter, for which the signature of T. 
Quinctius had been f.d, falsas literas, 
signo adulterino T. Quinctii signatas, 
regi reddiderunt, Liv. 40, 23: to tran- 
scribe a will and f. the signatures, tes- 
tamentum in alias tabulas transcriptum 
signis adulterinis obsignare, Cic. Clu. 
14, 41: to produce a f.d document, 
falsum codicem proferre, Cic.: tof. docu- 
ments, *falsas tabulas comparare: to f. 
by tampering with and altering: cor- 
rumpere: V. TO TAMPER WITH, FALSIFY. 

forger : |. Of money: paracha- 
ractes, ae; qui adulterinos nummos 
cudit: v. COINER. Il. Of wills: 1, 
subjector (cf. TO FORGE): af. of wills, 8. 
testamentorum, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7- c 
testamentarius (of a will): concerning 
assassins, poisoners, will-f.s, thieves, de 
sicariis, veneficis, t., furibus, Cic. Off. 3, 
18, 73- 3. falsarius (ef any docu- 
ment: rare): as a protection against 
fs, adversus falsarios, Suet. Ner. 17. 

forgery: _ |. Of money: expr. by 
circuml.: condemned for f., de adul- 
terinis nummis cudendis damnatus: v. 
TO FORGE (1). Il. Of documents : 

1, subjectio (strictly substitution) : 
f. of wills, s. testamentorum, Liv. 39, 
18, med. 9, expr. by verb: to pro- 


ae, Se 





FORGET 


mounce any one guilty of f., aliquem 
tabulas corrupisse judicare, Cic.: v. 70 
FORGE. Phr,: the letter is a f., *falsae 
sunt literae. 
forget: 1. obliviscor, litus, 3 (usu. 
with gen., esp. of persons; also acc. of 
things: cf. L.G. § 278, Obs.) : and yet 
we must not f. Epicurus, nec tamen 
Kpicuri licet ob., Cic. Fin. 5, 1, fin.: I 
have completely forgotten myself, pror- 
sum oblitus sum mei, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 
14: nor shall I ever f. that night, nec 
unquam obliviscar noctis illius, Cie. Pl. 
42, 101: to f. an old insult, veteris con- 
tumeliae ob., Caes. B. G. 1, 14: lof. the 
most celebrated events, res praeclarissi- 
mas ob., Cic. Mil. 23, 63: the acc. of 
neut. prons. and adjj. should be used : 
comp. L. G. § 253. ig., of that which 
is lost sight of : to f. one’s dignity, dig- 
nitatis snae ob., Cic. Fam. 1, 7,6: Hor. 
P. part. used pass.: forgotten songs, ob- 
lita carmina, Virg. E. 9, 53. (N.B.— 
To expr. the pass., the sentence may 
be inverted: that kindness of yours 
shall never be forgotten by me, beneficti 
istius nunquam obliviscar ; or a phr. may 
be employed, beneficii istius memoriam 
nunquam ego abjiciam: v. infr.). 2 
dé@disco, didici, 3 (to unlearn: q. Vv.) 
to f. the name and discipline of the 
Roman people, nomen disciplinamque 
P. R. d., Caes. B. C. 3, 110: to f. how 
to talk, loqui d., Ov. Phr.: to f. a 
thing, aliquid ex memoria deponere, 
Cic. Sull. 6, 18; alicujus rei memo- 
riam deponere, Caes. B. G. 1, 14: wil- 
fully to f. favours, beneficiorum me- 
moriam abjicere, Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 32: 
that battle will never be forgotten, illa 
pugna nunquam in animo obliterabitur, 
ef. Liv. 26, 41: I had forgotten those 
things, mihi ista exciderant, Cic. Leg. 2, 
18, 45 : more fully, excidere de memoria, 
Liv. 29, 19, fin.; animo excidere, Liv. 
34, 37: Virg.: to f. her sex, sexum 
egredi, Tac. Ann. 16, Lo, fin. 
forgetful: 1, immémor: v. UN- 
MINDFUL. 9. oblividsus (habitually 
Jorgetting): Cic.: v. opttvious. (N.B. 
When a particular case only is referred 
to, the p. part. of obliviscor may be 
used: f. all propriety, quid deceat, 
quid non obliti, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 62: cf. 
Virg. G. 2, 59: V. TO FORGET.) 
forgetfulness: 1, oblivio: it is 
not through f. of our friendship that I 
have not sent you any letters, non obliv- 
ione amicitiae nostrae, ad te nullas lite- 
ras misi, Cic.: to rescue praise from the 
f. of mankind, laudem ab ob. hominum 
vindicare, Cic. de Or. 2, 2,7: of habitual 
f.: in Claudius men wondered at both 
his f. and his heedlessness, in Claudio 
mirati sunt homines et ob. et inconsi- 
derantiam, Suet. Cl. 39: through /., per 
ob., Suet. 2. oblivium (chiefly in pl. 
and poet.): f. of things, oblivia rerum, 
Luer. 3, 840: Ov.: v. OBLIVION. 
forgive: 1, ignosco, novi, ndtum, 
3: to f. out of Icindness ; to overlook: 
(the person forgiven in dat.; the offence 
in ace., or expr. by clause, also in dat.): 
I would that the immortal gods may f. 
both the Roman people and this order for 
this, hoc ignoscant dii immortales velim 
et populo R. et buic ordini, Cic. Phil. 1, 
6,13: tof. any one's faults, delicta alicni 
ig., PL: f. me for writing to you so 
much and so often, mibi ignoscas quod 
ad te scribo tam multa toties, Cic, Att. 
hi 12, ad mzd.: to f. faults, vitiis ig., 
or. S. 1, 4, 131: Cic. Fam. 5, 12, init. 
(the acc. is preferred in the case of a neut. 
‘on., but in other cases is rare: cf. L. G. 
253): an offence which ought to be 
fm, culpa quae est ignoscenda, ‘ler. Ph. 
5, 8, 25: we will beg to be fm, iguosci 
nobis postulabimur, Auct. Her. 2, 17, 25 
2. conddno, ddno, rv. TO PARDON, 
REMIT. 3. concédo, cessi, cessum, 3 
(with dat.: tof. out of regard for): you 
Forgave Marcellus out of consideration 
for the senate, Marcellum senatui con- 
tessisti, Cic. Lig. 12, 39: fing much out 
of regard for their bravery, multa vir- 
tuti eorum concedens, Caes. B. C. 3, 60. 
Phr.: to forgive any one for the past, 








| by meton., a class in @ school, classis: v. 


FORM 


























aliqnem venia donare [alicui veniam 
dare) in praeteritum, Suet. (v. TO PAR- 
DON): if you f. my error, si errori nostro 
album calculum adjeceris, Plin. Ep. 1, 
2, 5- 

forgiveness: 1, vénia: v. ~xDUL- 
GENCE, PARDON. 9. expr. by verb: 
we beg f. ignosci nobis postulamus, 
Auct. Her.: (a crime) which can never 
find f.,*cui nunquam ignosci poterit: 


““the condition of the Divine f. is that 


we forgive others,’ *hac lege nobis a 
Deo ignoscitur ut alteri ignoscamus: v. 


TO FORGIVE. 


forgiving (a4d.): 1, ignoscens: 
a more f. mind, animus ignoscentior, 
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 32. Q, exorabilis, e 
(easily entreated): more f. in injuries 
done to oneself than to others, in suis 


quam in alienis exorabilior injuriis, Sen. 
Clem. 1, 20: Cic. Att. 1, 3, extr. 3 


clémens: Vv. MILD, MERCIFUL. 4, fa- 
cilis, e? I ought to be regarded by you 
as mild and f., lenis a te et f. existimari 
debeo, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 4: V. GOOD- 
NATURED. 

fork: 1. furca (a two-pronged f., 
a pitch-fork : f. bicornis, Virg. G. 1, 264) : 
to drive nature out with a pitch-f., Da- 
turam furca expellere, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 
24: Liv.: Virg. Dimin.: furcilla (also 
furcula, Liv.): a small f., used for hay- 
making, propping vines, etc.: Varr.: 
Cic.: Cat.: used in modern Latin for a 
table-f. (an instrument not known to 
the ancients): v. Leander Albertus, De- 
scription of Venice, p. 221. Q. cré- 
agra (a f. with three prongs for lifting 
meat): Marc. Cap. 3, mergae, arum 
(a kind of f. used in reaping): Pi.: 
Col.: v. Fore. s. v. 4, tridens: v. 
TRIDENT. 

forked : 1, furcillatus rare) : 
small f. sticks, bacilla f., Warr. L. L. 5, 
24, § 117. 2, bifurcus (two-f.): a f. 
bough, b. ramus, Ov.: f. stakes, b. valli, 
Liv. 3. bisulcus (cloven): a f. 
tongue, b. lingua, Ov.: a f. tail, b. 
cauda, Plin. 4, bicornis, e: Virg. G. 
I, 264. . 

forlorn (adj.): 1, perditus (un- 
done): and thus f. she flung herself 
into the rapid waters, atque ita se in 
rapidas perdita misit aquas, Ov.: in 
tears and sorrow f., lacrimis ac moerore 
perditus, Cic. Mur. 40, 86. 2. de- 
stitutus (deprived of everything): im 
this wretched and most lamentable 
plight f. in hac fortuna misera ac luc- 
tuosissima 4. Cic.: Vv. DESTITUTE, 
WRETCHED, DESPERATE. Phr.: f. hope, 
term applied to a storming party: perh. 
devota manus. 

form (subs.): |. Of shape: i 
forma: to change f.s, formas mutare, 
Ov.: the beauty of the female f., muli- 
ebris f. pulcritudo, Cic.: the f. and situ- 
ation of the farm, f. et situs agri, Hor.: 
the f.s of the letters, f. literarum, Cic. 
Fig.: the f. of the constitution, f. rei- 
publicae, Cic.: you behold indeed, the 
very f., and as it were the figure of 
what is honourable, f. quidem ipsam et 
tanquam faciem honesti vides, Cic. 

Q, figiira: v. FIGURE, SHAPE. Fig.: 

the f. of style, f. orationis, Cic. de Or. 3, 
55,212: a thousand f.s of death present 
themselves to the mind, occurrunt animo 
pereundi mille f., Ov. Her. 10, 81. 
Grammatical: other nouns have five f.s, 
alia nomina quinque habent f., Varr. L. 
Mizi97 36; 152. 8. facies, éi, f. (v. 
FIGURE): @ wave rounded in the f. of a 
mountain, curvata in montis f. uhda, 
Virg. G. 4, 361. Phr.: different f.s of 
government, *varia reipublicae genera ; 
variae reipub. gerendae rationes: v. 
KIND (subs.). Il. 4A fF. of woras ; 
ritual, ceremony: carmen, perscriptio 
v. FORMULA. Phr.: in duc f., rité. 
Liv. 1, 8, init.: Cic.: Hor.: for f.’s sake, 
dicis causi: to pay a small sum of 
money for f.’s sake, aliquid nuraulorum 
dicis causa dare, Cic. Verr. 4, 24, 53: 
Ulp.: so, dicis gratia, Gai. Dig. 13. 6, 45 
consuetudinis causa, Cic. II]. 4 bench 
to sit on: scamnum: Vv. BENCH: hence, 









FORMAL 


CLASS. IV. The seat of a hare :* locus 
in quo insedit lepus 
form (v.): |. To construct, shape : 
], formo, 1: to f., shape, colour, 
animate, bodies (of the atoms), corpora 
f., figurare, colorare, animare, Cic. N. 
D. 1, 39,110. Fig.: to f. the life and 
manners of youth, vitam et mores ju- 
ventutis f., Plin. Pan.: to f. any one's 
character, aliquem f, et instituere, Sen. 
Ep. 112, 1: V. TO SHAPE, MOULD. 2 
conformo, 1 (strengthened from pre- 
ced.): nature produced and f.'d us for 
some greater purposes, ad majora quae- 
dam natura nos genuit et c., Cic. Fin. 1, 
4,23. Fig..: tof. one’s soul and mind 
by reflecting on distinguished men, 
animum et mentem cogitatione homi- 
num excellentium c., Cic. Arch. 6, extr. 
8. figiro, 1: to f. the world of a 
(certain) shape, mundum forma (quad- 
am) f., Cic.: v. TO SHAPE. 4. fingo, 
finxi, fictum, 3 (as one moulding clay) : 
nature herself has f..d you a great and 
high-principled man, finxit te ipsa na- 
tura magnum hominem et excelsum, 
Cic. Mur. 39, 60: v. TO MOULD, FASHION. 
5, confingo, 3 (strengthened from 
preced.): tof. honey-combs and waz, c. 
favos et ceras, Plin. 11, 5, 4: tof. (build) 
nests, nidos c., Plin.: to f. a word, ver- 
bum c., Varr. 6, effingo, 3: v. T 
FASHION. |]. To make, produce: 1, 
efficio, féci, fectum, 3: the Mosa f.s the 
island of the Batavi, Mosa insulam ef. 
Batavorum, Caes. B. G. 4, 10: an island 


f.s a harbour by the projection of its 


sides, insula portum ef. objectu laterum, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 160. 9. facio, féci, fac- 
tum, 3: tof. cohorts, cohortes f., Caes. B. 
€. 3, 87: to f. an army, exercitum f., 
Vell. 8. constituo, ui, itum, 3 (to 
construct by a plan): by his advice the 
triple harbour of Piraeus was f.'d, bujus 
consilio triplex Piraeei portus consti- 
tutus est, Nep.: Vv. TO CONSTRUCT, ESTA- 
BLISH. ||]. 70 arrange troops: instruo, 
ordino: v. TODRAW UP. As verb refl.: 
to deploy in order for battle: explico, 
avi and ui, atum and {tum, 1 (usu. with 
refl. pron. or in pass.) : the cavalry began 
to f. in squadrons, equites se turmatim 
ex. coeperunt, Caes. B. C. 3, 93: before 
the legions could f. and take up their 
position, priusquam legiones explicari 
et consistere possent, Caes. B. C. 2, 26: 
the Etruscans hardly had time to f. in 
line, vix explicandi ordinis spatium 
Etruscis fuit, Liv. 2, 46: v. TO UNFOLD, 
DEPLOY. IV. To constitute (milit. t. 
t.): Phr.: the Numidians f.'d the left 
wing, sinistrum cornu Numidae tenue- 
runt, Liv. 30, 33, med.: so that both 
wings might be f.’d of Africans, ita ut 
Afrorum utraque cornua essent, Liv. 22, 
Vv. TO CONSIST OF. V. In fig. 
sense, to enter upon, conceive: _ ]_, Ineo, 
ivi and ii, itum, 4, irr.: to f. a plan, 
consilium in., Caes.: Sall.: Cic.: to f. 
an alliance with any one, societatem 
cum aliquo in., Planc. in Cic. Fam. 10, 
8, med. : tof. an estimate, aestimationem 
in., Sen. Ben. 3, 8, fin. 9. capio, 3 
(esp. with consilium): v. PLAN. Phr.: 
to f. (ambitious) designs upon a Soreign 
kingdom, peregrinum regnum moliri, 
Liv. 1, 47, init.: comp. Cic. Rep. 2, 35, 
de occupando regno moliens: simly, 
regnum affectare, Liv. 1, 46, init.: fof. 
a friendship with any one, se ad ami- 
citiam alicujus conferre; amicitiam et 
consuetudinem (intimacy) cum aliquo 
conjungere, Cic. (v. FRIENDSHIP). 
formal: |. Matter of form: for- 
milis, e: to dictate af. letter (a circu- 
lar,) f. epistolam dictare, Suet. Dom. 13: 
f. words, f. verba, Cod. Just. 6, 23, 26. 
Phr.: a mere. proceeding, *quod non- 
nisi dicis causa [cousuetudinis gratia) fit: 
v.ForRM([I.). |], As logical ¢. t.: regu- 
larly formed : formalis, e: not class. in 
this sense. Phr.: af. (and perfect) syl- 
logism, syllogismus cum numeris om- 
nibus et cum suis finibus dictus, Gell. 2, 
8, med. Ill. Precise in demeanour : 
*nimis accuratus; ideo accuratus Ul pu- 
tidum sit(?). _ |V. As opp. to real; 
mere matter of form: Phr.: mere Jf: 
317 


FORMALIST 


FORMULA 





worship, *externum ac fucatum [parum 
sincerum] vbsequium ; quasi corporis ac 
linguae reverentia. 
formalist (i religion): no precise 
word: expr. by circuml.: *qui divi- 
narum caeremoniarum diligentior est ; 
qui in caeremoniis [sacris] quibusdam 
cite peragendis religionem ponit. 
formality : |, A formal cere- 
mony : ], ritus, us: to offer sacrifice 
with the f. of the Greek ritual, Graeco 
r. sacra facere, Warr.: Liv.: v. RITE, 
CEREMONY. 9, justa, orum (only pl. : 
the f.s required): to accomplish all the 
fs, j. omnia perficere, Liv. 9, 8, med. : 
military f.s,j. militaria, Liv. 24, 48, ad 
jin. Phr.: to pexform divine worship 
with due f.s, res divinas rite perpetrare, 
Liv. (rite being an adv. form of ritus). 
|]. Of demeanour ; stiffness and 
coldness: expr. by adj.: there was some- 
thing of f. about his behaviour, even 
among friends, *etiam inter amicos 
nonnihil frigidi ac nimis accurati ha- 
bebat ; parum comis solutusque erat. 
formally : |. In regular form: 
J, rité: v. Form(II.); DULY. 2. 
dicis causi: v. Form (II.). I]. Of 
behaviour, stiffly and coldly: *frigide 
ac nimis accurate; parum cum comitate. 
To enquire f. for a person's health, *fri- 
gide et quasi ex praescripto de alicujus 
salute (valetudine) quaerere 
formation: |. The act of form- 
ing or construeting: 1, conformatio: 
the f. of words, c. verborum, Cic. 2). 
fictio (e. g. nominum): Quint. 8, in 
all senses, usu. expr. by verb: ancient 
grammar explains the f. of each word 
by the poet, antiqua grammatica ostendit 
quemadmodum quodque poeta finxerit 
verbum, Varr.: in the f. of the character 
of a youth, *in adolescente formando 
atque instituendo, etc.: v. TO FORM. 
Il. Vhat which is formed ; construc- 
tion (objectively) : 1, conformatio: 
what f. of the features can be more 
beautiful than that of man? quae c. 
lineamentorum humana potest esse pul- 
chrior? Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 47: the f. of the 
soul, c. animi, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50. 9. 
forma, figira: v. FORM, SHAPE. 
formed, in comps.: two-/., biformis, 
e. g., Janus, Ov.: Hor. Three-f., ti- 
formis: three-f. Chimaera, tr. Chimaera, 
Hor.: Ov. Bull-f., tanriformis, e: Hor. 
former: 1, prior, us: having re- 
pealed the f. law, he promulgated two 
new ones, sublata p. lege, duas promul- 
gavit, Caes.: a bird at that time unique 
and not seen in f. years, unica tunc 
‘olucris nec visa pr. annis, Ov.: v. 
PRECEDING. 9, siipérior, us (¢mme- 
diately preceding): in my f. letter, s. 
literis, Cic.: by the death of your f. 
wife, morte s. uxoris, Cic.: the proceed- 
ings of the f. year, s. anni acta, Caes. : 
on f. times, s. temporibus, Caes. : soldiers 
experienced in J. battles, milites s. proeliis 
exercitati, Caes.: thus the latter is not 
joined to the f. (in an argument) nor 
the f. to the latter, ita priori posterius, 
posteriori s. non Jungitur, Cic. ¥ 
pristinus (original, olden): your f. dig- 
nity and glory, tua pr. dignitas et gloria, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, extr.: to retain one’s f. 
disposition towards the Roman people, 
pr. animum erga P. R. conservare, Liv. 
31, 2: the f. custom, pr. consuetudo, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 32: to return to one’s f. 
state, ad pr. statum redire, B. G. 7, 54. 
N.B.— Former and latter are often expr. 
by ille....hic, or hic... ille; as, Caesar 
was esteemed great for his bounties and 
munificence; Cato for the uprightness 
of his life: the f. (Caesar) became re~ 
nowned by his kindness and compas- 
sion; to the latter (Cato), etc., Caesar 
beneficiis et munificentia magnus ha- 
bebatur ; integritate vitae Cato; ille 
mansuetudine et misericordia clarus 
factus, huic, etc. Sall. Cat. 54: but the 
arrangement is often reversed, esp. when 
emphasis is laid on the former alterna- 
tive: as, a sure peace is better and safer 
than a hoped for victory: the f. is in 
your own power, the latter in that of the 
gods, melior tutiorque est certa pax 
318 





quam sperata victoria: haec in tua, ila 
in deorum manu est, Liv. 30, 30, med.: 
sometimes hic is even used in both the 
contrasted clauses: v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. HIC (4) 
formerly: 1. antea (at some par- 
ticular past time): if tt was f. un- 
known, it has lately been ascertained, si 
antea fuit ignotum, nuper est cognitum, 
Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23: @ man both praised f., 
and at this time deserving of praise, vir 
et a. laudatus, et hoc tempore lau- 
dandus, Cic. Phil. ro, 6, 13: there was f. 
a time, fuit a. tempus, Caes. 9, anté- 
hac (before this present time): you 
salute me more kindly now than f., 
magis me benigne nunc salutas quam 
antidhac (archaicé), Pl.: f. we could at 
least hope; now even that is taken from 
us, a. Sperare saltem licebat ; nunc etiam 
id ereptim est, Cic. Fam. 12, 23, med. 
3. aliquando (at some time, past or 
Suture) : Vv. ONCE, SOMETIME. 4, olim 
(in olden time: less freq. used of the 
future: esp. in the poets): so people f. 
spoke, sic 0. loquebantur, Cic. de Or. 2, 
43, 183: Ter. 5, quondam (also used 
of the future by the poets): the Roman 
people was f. deemed most lenient to its 
enemies, P. R. quondam in hostes lenis- 
simus existimabatur, Cic. R. Am. 53, 
154: V. ONCE. 6. diadum (usu. but 
not always, a short time before; just 
now): me whom f. no missiles alarmed, 
quem dudum non ulla movebant tela, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 726. 
formidable: 1. gravis, e (most 
gen. term): a f. foe to the empire, g. 
adversarius imperii, Cic. Off. 3, 22, 86: 
a more f. enemy, gravior hostis, Liv. 10, 
18, med.: f. wars, g. bella, Cic. Rep. 1, 
: the f. Persians, g. Persae, Hor. 
9. formiddlosus (fraught with dan- 
ger and alarm): a most f. war, bellum 
formidolosissimum, Cic. in Pis. 24, 58: 
Sall. Join: horribilis ac formidolosus, 
Cic. Clu. 3, 7. 3, formidabilis, e (¢o 
be dreaded: rare, and chiefly pvet.): 
Ov.: Gell. 4, expr. by ger. part. of 
métuo, timeo, formido: as, f. on account 
of thine unerring shaft, metuendus 
certa sagitta, Hor. Od. 1, 12, 24 (v. TO 
FEAR); or by timor, formido, and a 
verb: what appears f. to some is despised 
by others, quae alteri timori sunt [{tim- 
orem injiciunt} ab altero contemnuntur: 
V. FEAR (subs.). 
formidably ; formiddlose: Cic.: v. 
FEARFULLY, DREADFULLY. 
formless: i.e. without definite form: 
1, informis, e: a dumb or f. thing, 
res muta aut inf., Auct. Her. 4, 53, 66: 
V.SHAPELEsSS. Q, rudis, e (unwrought, 
in the rough): a f. and orderless mass, 
r. indigestaque moles, Ov. Met. 1, 7. 
formula: i. e. a form of words: 
if formiila: most gen. term: there 
are formulae drawn up on all points, 
sunt f. de omnibus rebus constitutae, 
Cic. R. Com. 8, 24: formulae of wills, 
f. testamentorum, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 
extr.: to make a demand of the prae- 
tor according to the legal f., a praetore 
ex f. postulare, Cic. Quint. 8, 30. : 
actio (used of the f. by which an action 
was entered): the formulae of action 
being first published by Cn. Flavius, 
expositis a Cn. Flavio primum a., Cic. 
de Or. 1, 41,186: more was claimed of 
him (he said) than was stated in the 
f. of action, plus secum agi, quam in 
a. esset, Cic. de Or. 1, 37, extr.: to 
name the f. of action, a. edere, Ulp. 
Other formulae appertaining to actions 
were praescriptio, exceptio, replicatio, 
v. Dict. Ant. s. v. ACTION. 3, car- 
men, inis, n. (laws and prayers being 
anciently composed in verse): that the 
praetor might not have to say something 
of his own suggestion, a f. was composed 
for him likewise, praetor ne aliquid ipse 
ex se loqueretur, ei quoque c. compo- 
situm est, Cic.: to go through the pre- 
liminary f., praefari carmen, Liv. 5, 41: 
formulae for inflicting torture, cruci- 
atus c., Cic. Rab. perd. 4,13. 4, verba, 
drum: prescribe the f. according to 
which I am to devote myself, praei Ve 













FORTH 


quibus me devoveam, Liv. 8, 9: to draw 
up the f. (of an oath), v. ( jurisjurand!) 
concipere, Liv. 7, 5: the pronouncing of 
a prescribed f., nuncupatio sollennium 
v., Val. Max. 5, 10, I. 5, praefatio 
(preliminary or inaugural): the Sf. of 
donation, p. donationis, Cic. Verr. 3, 80, 
187: the f. of sacred rites, p. sacrorum, 
Liv. 45, 5. 6. perscriptio (a written 
form): cf. Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 2. 

formulary; album (he book contain- 
ing the praetor’s edicts): *liber formula- 
rum s. verborum sollennium: v. preced. 
art. 

fornicate: _ 1, scortor, 1: 
Ter. 9, tornicor, 1: Tert. 

fornication: fornicatio (not class.) : 
Tert.: v. DEBAUCHERY. 

fornicator: 1. scortator: Hor.: 
BE 9, tornicator: ‘Tert.: v. DE 
BAUCHEE. 

forsake: 1, déséro, 3: v. TO DE 
SERT. 9, dérélinquo, destituo: v. T¢ 
ABANDON. 3, déficio, féci, fectum, 3 
(esp. with ab): to f. the republic, a re- 
publica d., Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28: to f. vir- 
tue, a virtute d., Cic. Am. II, 37. 4. 
discédo, cessi, cessum, 3 (with ab): the 
soldiers f. him on the march, milites in 
itinere ab eo d., Caes.: Vv. TO LEAVE 

5, désdlo, 1 (to leave alone or soli- 

tary: poet.): chiefly in p. part. deso- 
latus, Virg.: Ov.: v. DESOLATE. 

forsaker: expr. by verb: v. TO FOR- 
SAKE. 

forsooth: |. Indeed, in reality: 
vere, énimvero: Vv. TRULY. ||. lroni- 
cally, implying that the thing ts not 
so: 1, scilicet: f., we are to wait 
for the legal five years, s. exspectemus 
legitimum illud quinquennium, Cic 
Verr. 2, 58, 142: V. OF COURSE. 2. 
nempé (esp. in answering an expressed 
or implied question): im what city, 
pray, do they maintain this? f., um 
that which witnessed the capital trial 
of M. Horatius, in qua tandem urbe 
haec disputant? in ea quae judicium de 
capite vidit M. Horatii, Cic. Mil. 3,7: 1 
know now what you want; you want me 
to go away from here, f., scio jam quid 
velis ; n. hine me abire vis, Pl. Mere. 4 
4, 36. 3. sané: he has conferred & 
great favour, f., beneticium magnum s. 
dedit, Phaedr. 3,15,12: V-INDEED. 4 
vero (rare in this sense): f., it ts not so 
much they (your muscles) that are dead 
as you yourself, fool! non v. tam isti 
mortui quam ipse, nugator! Cic. Sen. 9, 
27: distinguished praise, f., ye win 
egregiam v. laudem refertis, Virg. 5, 
quippé : f., I am forbidden by the fates, 
q. vetor fatis, Virg. Aen. 1, 35: yes, fa 
that Luminary of the senate disturbs me, 
movet q. me lumen curiae, Cic. Mil. 12, 
extr. 6, autem (in emphatic ques- 
tions): shall I not towch my own ? thine, 
f., scoundrel! ego non tangam meam? 
tuam autem, furcifer? Ter. Eun. 4, 9, 
28: you will cross over into Africa : wilt 
cross, f., do I say? in Africam trans- 
cendes: transcendes, autem, dico? Liv. 
21, 44, ad fin. 7, démum (denot- 
ing little more than emphasis, and gen. 
used with pronouns): but now in what 
tf. (pray), does exile differ from con- 
stant travelling, jam vero exilium quan- 
tum d. a perpetua peregrinatione dif- 
fert? Cic. Tusc. 5, 37,107: you, f. 





12) 


~» aS 
T see, repeal the law without balloting, 
vos demum, ut video, legem antiquatis 
sine tabella, Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 38. 

forswear : |. Zo renounce on 
oath: Vv. TO ABJURE. [|]. Zo swear 
falsely: péjéro or perjuro: v. TO PER- 
JURE. 

fort: castellum: JI have taken and 
destroyed many f.s, malta c. cepi, multe 
vastavi, Cic.: to take f.s by storm, c. ex- 
pugnare, Nep.: to prevent the approach 
of the enemy by means of f.s and works. 
aditus hostium castellis et operibus pro- 
hibere, Cic. : Vv. FORTRESS. 

forth (adv.): — |. Of place: foras 
(after verbs of motion): V. OUT, ABROAD. 
Often expr. in Latin by a prep. in comp, 
as, to go f., exeo, excedo, @égrédior: v. TO 
Go: to sally f., €rumpo: where see the 


J 





FORTHCOMING 


FORTUNE 


FORWARD 





several verbs. 
that day f., indé: from that day f. (1 
undertook) many (causes), deinc-ps i. 
multae (causae), Cic. Br. go, 312: Vv. 
THENCEFORWARD. Il]. OF succession : 
aaa so f., et cétéra (rarely, cetera) : 
dic. 

forthcoming: on the point of ap- 
pearing, *quod in eo est ut prodeat: to 
be f., i. e., to appear, be produced, com- 
parere, Cic. Clu. 64, 180. 

forthwith: 1, protinus: after 
this defeat the auxiliary troops forsook 
him 7., ex hac fuga pr. auxilia discesse- 
runt, Caes. B. G. 5, 17: speech that 
wins the good-will of the hearer f., oratio 
pr. perficiens auditorem benevolum, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 15, 20. 2. extemplo: he 
blushes ; he knows not what to answer ; 
he has nothing which he can invent f., 
erubescit; quid respondeat nescit; quid 
finyat ex. non habet, Cic. R. Com. 3, 8; 
war must be carried on f., bellum ex. 
gerendum, Liv. 41,1. 8, ilicet (poet. : 
anciently = you may go, all is over): f. 
we are overwhelmed by numbers, i. ob- 
ruimur numero, Virg. Acn. 2, 424: f. 
the devouring flame is rolled to the 
house-tops by the wind, i. ignis edax 
summa ad fastigia vento volvitur, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 758. 4, confestim, statim, 
continuo: Vv, IMMEDIATELY. 
gi fortieth : quadragésimus: Cato: 

ic 


fortification: 1. miinitio (used 
both of the operation and the works con- 
structed) : to hinder thesoldiers from (the 
work of ) f., milites a m. prohibere (=a 
muniendis castris), Caes. B. G. 1, 49: in 
the course of the f. of a town, in m. op- 
pidi (=in muniendo oppido), Suet.: to 
enclose a city with works and f.s, (ur- 
bem) operibus munitionibusque sepire, 
Cic. Phil. 13,9, 20: f.s and forts, m. et 
castella, Tac. 2. moenia, ium (esp. 
the fortified walls of a city): to sur- 
round cities with f.s, urbes moenibus 
cingere, sepire, Cic.: we open a way 
through the f.s of the city, m. pandimus 
urbis, Virg.: Vv. WALL 3. mini- 
mentum (any work of defence): the 
trench of the Quirites, no insignificant 
J» fossa Quiritium, haud parvum m., 
Liv. 1, 33: to keep the soldiers within 
the fs, coercere intra m. militem, Tac. 
H. 2, 18: Caes. 4, munimen, inis, 7. 
(= preced., but poet.): Virg.: Ov. 

fortifier : 1, munitor: the f. of 
Troy (Apollo), m. Trojae, Ov. Her. 5, 


139: Tac. 2, expr. by verb: v. To 
FORTIFY. 
fortify: 1. minio, 4: to f. a 


citadel, arcem m., Nep.: to f. @ camp, 
castra m., Caes.: to f. a mountain, 
montem m., Caes. Fig.: nature had 
already fd Italy by means of the Alps, 
Alpibus Italiam munierat ante natura, 
Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, init. Fig.: to f. 
oneself against shame, se contra pu- 
dorem m., Tac. Agr. 46: Cic. 2. com- 
minio, 4 (to f. completely) : to f. a camp 
on every side, or strongly, castra c., Liv. 
2, 32: to f. a hillock on every side, 
tumulum c., Caes. B. C. 1, 43. 8. cir- 
cummiinio, 4 (to f. all rownd): f.’d on 
every side with numerous works, crebris 
castellis circummuniti, Caes. B, G. 2, 30. 
4, permiinio, 4 (to f. thoroughly) : 
the Delphians thoroughly f.d their city, 
urbem Delphi permunivere, Just. 24, 7: 
Tac. 5, e@miunio, 4 (strengthened 
from munio): to f. a place like a cita- 
del, locum in modum arcis e., Liv. 24, 
21, ad fin.: Virg. Fig.: to f. the 
mind, animume.,Sen. 6, praeminio, 
4 (to f. in front, or beforehand): he f.’d 
the approaches in front by great works, 
aditus magnis operibus praemunivit, 
Cic. B. C. 3, 58: he resolved to f. the 
isthmus in front (or beforehand), 
isthmum pr. instituit, Caes. B. C. 3, 55. 
(But praemunire regalem potentiam, 
Vell. 2, 6, is to pave the way to regal 
power.) 
fortitude: 1, fortitido: f. is 
the thoughtful encountering of dangers, 
and enduring of hardships, f. est con- 
sidcrata periculorum susceptio, et la- 


Il. Of time : as, from | 


borum perpessio, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 163. 
9. expr. by adj. or adv.; fortis, 
fortiter: in straitened circumstances 
show your spirit and f., rebus angustis 
animosus atque f. appare, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 
21, extr.: a man of the greatest f. in re- 
sisting audacity, vir ad audaciam fortis- 
simus, Cic. R. Am. 30, 85: to bear with 
J. and patience, fortiter et patienter 
ferre, Cic.: v. BRAVE, BRAVELY. 
fortified (part. adj.): minitus: a 
very strongly f. camp, castra rmounitis- 
sima, Caes.: very strongly f., permu- 
nitus, Liv. A f place or town may be 
expr. by arx, castellum; and some- 
times oppidum (which is also used of 
towns in general): cf. Varr. 5, 32, $141: 





oppidum ab opi dictum, quod munitur 
opts causa. 
fortnight: sémestrium (lit. half a 


month): Col. 11, 2. 
fortress: |. A stronghold: arx, 
castellum: Vv. FORT, CITADEL, ll. 4 


fortified town: Vv. FORTIFIED. 
fortuitous; fortuitus (i or f): f/f. 
concourse (of atoms), f. concursus, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 24, 66: Hor.: v. ACCIDENTAL. 
fortuitously; fortuito G or i): not 
undesignedly nor f., non temere nec f., 
Cic. : Caes.: Juv.: v. ACCIDENTALLY. 
fortunate: 1. felix, icis: Caesar 
withdrew to Alerandria, f., as he seemed, 
at least to himself, Caesar Alexandriam 
se recepit, f., ut sibi quidem videbatur, 
Cic. Phil. 2, 26, 64: cf. id. Font. 15, 33, 
vir ad casum fortunamaue felix. Join: 
felix et faustus, Lucr.: v. LUCKY, SUC- 
CESSFUL. 9, fortinatus ( favoured by 
fortune): Lam both unhappy and f., et 
miser sum et f., Pl. Capt. 5, 3, 16: Of. 
republic ! O f. rempublicam, Cic. Cat. 2, 
4, 7: Virg.: Hor. 3. prospérus: v. 
PROSPEROUS. 4, sécundus: v. FA- 


VOURABLE. 5, beatus, perbeatus (very 
FD: V. HAPPY. 
fortunately: _ 1, feliciter: toturn 


out f., [bene atque] f. evenire, Cic. Mur. 
init.: Caes. 9, béné: to turn out f., 
b. cedere, Hor.: Cic. (v. supr. 1). 
fortune: |. The goddess so called: 
Fortuna: @ child of F., Fortunae filius, 
Hor. S. 2, 6, 49: to dread F.’s wheel, For- 
tunae rotam pertimescere, Cic. in Pis. 
10, 22. |]. Zssue, chance; whether 
good or wl: 1, forttina: good or bad 
f., prospera (secunda) adversave f., Cic. : 
‘flourishing (highly prosperous) f., florens 
f., Cie. : prostrate (or depressed) f., afflicta 
f., Cic.: when used without an adj,, it is 
usu. taken in good sense: while f. lasted, 
dum f. fuit, Virg. 9. félicitas (good 
f.): ina first-rate general there should 
be these four things ; knowledge of war, 
bravery, authority, good f., in summo 
imperatore, quatuor has res inesse opor- 
tere; scientiam rei militaris, virtutem, 
auctoritatem, f., Cic. Manil. 10, 28: by 
incredible good f., the S. wind changed 
to a S.W., incredibili f. Auster in Afri- 
cum se vertit, Caes. B. C. 3, 26, fin. 33 
fors, sors, CaSUS : V. CHANCE, LOT. Il. 
A fortune: the total of a man’s pro- 
perty : 1, res familiaris: when their 
private f.s were exhausted, ubi f. res de- 
fecerant, Sall. Cat. 13: the private f. of 
one of them is very scanty; that of the 
other barely enough for a kenight, res f. 
alteri eorum valde exigua est; alteri 
vix equestris, Cic. Fam. 9, 13: to squan- 
der one’s f., rem f. dissipare, Cic. Fam. 
4, 7, fim. Res is also found in same 
sense, with privata, patria; or absol.: 
their extravagance neither their private 
fs can sustain, nor can the common- 
wealth, sumptus neque res_privatae 
possunt sustinere, neque respublica, Cic. 
Att. 9, 7, med.: birth and worth wtth- 
out a f. are not worth a straw, et genus 
et virtus nisi cum re vilior alga est, Hor. 
S. 2, 5, 8: to make, possess, increase, a 
J., rem facere, habere, augere, Cie.: a 
splendid f., r. magna, Hor.: a humble 
fot. tenuis, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20: narrow 
Ff. r. angusta domi, Juv. 3, 165 : to waste 
one’s f., r. patriam perdere, Hor. S. 1, 4, 
110: to swallow up (“run through”) a 
f. rem comedere. devorare, Cic. Fam. | 
II, 21. 2. ceusus, is, m. (strictly | 








with reference to the quinquennial cen 
sus): a@ man without a character and 
without a f., homo sine existimatione et 
sine c., Cic. Fl. 22, 52: their private f. 
was scanty, that of the common ealth 
large, privatus illis c. erat brevis, com- 
mune magnum, Hor. Od. 2, 15, 13: f 
awards honours, J. friendships, dat 
honores, c. amicitias, Ov. Fast. 1, 217: @ 
man of slender *., homo tenui c., Hor, 
Ep. 1, 7, 59. 3. divitiae, dpes, facul- 
tates, bOua (v. RICHES): to make a f, 
divitias f., PL; d. parare (comparare), 
Justin.: Ov. (v. TO GET): possessing a 
moderate f., modicus facultatibus, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 32,2: frugality with contentment 
is a f., divitiae grandes homini sunt 
vivere parce aequo animo, Lucr. (com 
pare, parsimonia est magnum vectigal, 
Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49): not to be able to get 
through their f. with all their extrara- 
gance, summa lubidine divitias vincere 
(a strongly fig. expression) nequire, Salb 
Cat. 20: comp. bona patria lacerare, ib. 
14. 4, patrimonium, héréditas (in 
herited f.): Vv. PATRIMONY, INHERI- 
TANCE. 5, dos, dotis, f. (f. of a wo- 
man): v. powrky. Phr.: to tell f.s, 
hiridlor, I: Vv. FORTUNE-TELLER; TO 
DIVINE. 

fortune-hunter: captator: Hor. S. 
2, 5,57: JUV.: V. LEGACY-HUNTER. 

fortune-teller : 1, sortilégus : 
used contemptuously by Cic. Div. 1 58, 
init.: Lucan. 2. haruspex, icis (@ 
soothsayer: q. v.): travelling f.s, h. 
vicani, Vet. poet. in Cic. Div. lL. c. Z 
haridlus, f.-a: Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 55: PL 

4, conjector, f.-trix: Cic. Div. L 

Crane: if c. 5, divinus (@ pro- 
phet): I stand by (and watch) the J. 
assisto divinis, Hor. S. 1, 6, 114: but in 
Cic. Div. 1. c., the word is used in con- 
trast with the appellations of vulgar 
f.s. 6, saga (@ wise woman): Cic.: 
Hor. 7, anus, ts (lit. an old woman: 
hence to be used only when the context 
explains): cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 30: fatum 
quod puero cecinit utvina mota anus 
urna. Phr.: to practise the trade of @ 
f.. quaestus causa hariolari, Cic. Div. 1, 
58, unit. 

fortune-telling: birivlatio: Att. 
in Cic. Div. 1, 31, 6. Or expr. by ha- 
riolor, divino: v. preced. art. fin.: and 
TO PREDICT. 

forty: quadraginta. Distrib., quad- 
rageni, ae, a, f. each, Cic. F. times, 
quadragies, Cic.: measuring f, quadra- 
genarius, Cato: Vitr.: award of f. years, 
quadragenarius pupillus, Sen. 

forum: forum: Cic.: Hor. Of or 
pertaining to the f., forensis, e: the 
railing of the f., forenses cancelli, Cic. 

forward, forwards (adv): 1, 
of place: oftenest expr. by a prep. in 
comp. : as, to go f., pergo: to fallf., pro- 
cido; to throw f., projicio, etc., where v. 
TO GO, FALL, etc. 9. porro: to drive 
a herd f., agere p. armentum, Liv. 1, 7° 
to persist in going f., ire p. pergere, 
Liv. 9, 2, med. 3, prorsus or prorsum 
(straight f., as opp. to backwards) : 
backwards and f., rursum prorsum, Ter. 
Hee. 3, 1, 35: he walks not f.s but side- 
ways as a crab does, non prorsus verum 
ex transvorso cedit, quasi cancer, PL Ps. 
4, 1, 54- 4, ante (rare in this sense): 
to walk not f.s but backwards, non a. 
sed retro ingredi, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 35. 
Phr.: backwards and f., ultro citroque: 
when ambassadors were being frequently 
sent backwards and f., quum saepe U. 
c.que legati inter eos mitterentur, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 42: Cic.: sometimes without 
the conj.: going up and down, back- 
wards and f., sursum deorsum, ultro 
citro commeantibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 84: 
also, huc illuc (to and fro, hither and 
thither): from this time f.s, jam inde, 
Ter. : Liv. (v. FROM, C. fin.) : forwards ! 
as an exclamation, perh. procede, pro- 
cedite (v. TO GO FORWARDS). 

forward (adj.): |. Early: prae- 


COX: V. PRECOCIOUS. I]. Over-con- 
fident : j, prdtervus: v. PERT, WAN- 
TON. 9, urbanus (rare in this sense): 


Ff. (tewn-bred) assurance, u. audacia, Cie 
319 


FORWARD 


Prov. Cons. 4, 8: a f. face (impudence), 
u, frons, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11. 
forward (v.): |. Zo send on: 
perféro, deféro, trado: v. TO CONVEY, 
DELIVER. Il. Zo promote: adjiivo, 
javi, tum, 1 (also reg.): Pompey wished 
me to come to Capua and f. the levy, me 
Pompeius Capuam venire voluit et de- 
lectum a., Cic. : v. TO AID, PROMOTE. 
forwardness: |. Preparedness: 
expr. by phr.: when the wall seemed to 
have reached a sufficient stage of fs 
cum satis altitudo muri exstructa vide- 
retur, Nep.: the work is in a good state 
of f., *jam paene profligatum opus est. 
Il. Want of modesty: urbana frons, 
pritervitas: v. Forwarp, adj. (II.); 


IMPUDeNCE, Il. Zarliness: unna- 
tural f., festinata maturitas, Quint. 6, 
pref. § ro. 


fosse: fossa, Caes.: Cic.: v. DITCH, 
MOAT. 

fossil: fossilis (dug out of the 
ground): f. ivory, f. ebur, Plin. 36, 18, 
29. As scient. t. ¢., perh. best qualified 
by quem (quam, quod) dicunt, etc. : f. 
shells, *fossiles quae dicuntur conchae. 

foster ; foveo, nutrio: v. TO CHERISH, 
NOURISH. 

foster-brother : 1. collacteus: 
Hyg. (fem. collactea, Juv. 6, 307). 

2. collactaneus: Paul. Dig. 40, 

2,03. 

foster-child: ‘lumnus, /. alumna 
(one brought up or nursed by any one) : 
V. NURSELING. 

fosterer: perh. cultor: v. CULTI- 
vaTor. Orexpr. by qui fovet, etc.: v. 
TO CHERISH, CULTIVATE. 

foster-father : 1. nutricius 
(-tius): on account of the minority of 
the boy, his f., a eunuch named Pothinus, 
acted as regent, erat in procuratione 
regni, propter aetatem pueri, n. ejus, 
nomine Pothinus, Caes. B. C. 3, 108: 
Varr. Q, nutritor: Suet. Gr. 4. 3: 
altor: Bacchus, rejoicing to regain his 
Ff. (Silenus), gardens a. recepto Bacchus, 
Ov.: Vv. NOURISHER. 

foster-mother: 1, nutrix: the 
she-wolf best of f.s, optima nutricum 
lupa, Hor.: Ov.: v. NURSE. 9, altrix: 
Prop. Fig.: (Athens) at once the parent, 
f., and country of her citizens, eadem 
terra parens, altrix, patria civium, Cie. : 
‘V. NOURISHER. 3, édiicatrix (she that 
rears): Col.: Inscr. Fig.: wisdom, 
the parent and f. of those things, earum 
rerum parens e.que sapientia, Cic. Leg. 
I, 23, 62. 

foster-parents: altores, nutritores : 
v. preced. art. 

foster-sister: collactea, collactanea: 
V. FOSTER-BROTHER, 

foster-son: alumnus: 
CHILD. 

fostering (adj.): almus (that nou- 
rishes): f. Venus, a. Venus, Tucrs 31: 
Hor.: Tib. 

foul (v.): 1, turpo, 1: Enn. in 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 85: Lucr.: v. TO BE- 
FOUL. 9, expr. by circumL, immun- 
dum facere, reddere (v. FOUL). 

foul (a4dj.): |. Lit.: dirty, be- 
grimed, offensive : 1, foedus (offen- 
sive in any way): a head f. with scurf, 
caput porrigine f., Hor.: a Ff. smell, f. 
odor, Plin.: v. FILTHY, DISGUSTING. D). 
téter (taet-), tra, trum (noisome, loath- 
some: a strong term): f. aspect, t. as- 
pectus, Lucr. 2, 510: f. smell, t, odor, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 49: VY. LOATHSOME. 3. 
immundus, littilentus, etc.: v. DIRTY, 
rittHy. To be f., squalére: e. g., of 
untilled, overgrown fields, Virg. G. I, 

_ Fig.: heinous, abomina- 
1, foedus (v. supr.): a f. deed, 
f. factum, facinus, Ter. Join: neque 
tetrius neque foedius, Cic. Rep. 2, 26. 

Q, téter (v. supr.): a f. crime, t. 

facinus, Cic.: 7. lust, t. libido, Hor. 3, 
Hinquinatus (polluted): v. FILTHY, POL- 
LUTED. Ill. Opp. to honest ; fraudu- 
lent: f. play, dolus malus, Cic.: Ulp. 
Dig. 4, 3, 1: to try to compass one’s ends 
by f. play, dolis atque fallaciis conten- 
dere, Sall. Cat. 11: to suspect f. play, 

doli mali nonnihil subesse suspicari: 

320 


Vv. FOSTER- 


507. 
ble : 





FOUNDER 


by fair means if you can: tf not by f. 
(lit. by any means), recte si possis ; si 
non quocunque modo. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 
65: Vv. DISHONEST. IV, In naut. phr., 
to fall foul of : incurrere, illidi, collidi : 
y. TO FALL (foul of) 

foully : 1, foedé: they f. stained 
the altar with blood, aram f. turparunt 
sanguine, Lucr.: to perish f., f. perire, 
Sall.: v. DISGRACEFULLY. Q. turpi- 
ter: v. BASELY, SHAMEFULLY. 

foul-mouthed: milédicus, scurrilis : 
y. ABUSIVE, SCURRILOUS. 

foulness: |. Lit.: foeditas: f. 
of smell, f. odoris, Cic.: V. FILTHINESS. 

Il. Fig.: 1, foeditas: f. of 

mind, f. animi, Cic. Off. 3, 29,105. 2. 
obscaenitas ; V. OBSCENITY. 

found (v.): |. To lay the foun- 
dation of, to establish : 1, condo, 
didi, ditum, 3: to f. @ city, urbem ¢., 
Cic.: to f. colonies, colonias c., Vell. 
(more regular phrases, coloniam de- 
ducere, mittere, Cic.: v. COLONY). 2A. 
fundo, 1 (to lay the foundations of: 
more freq. in fig. sense) to f. an empire, 
imperium /f.,Cic. Cat. 4,9, 19: to f. a 
citadel, arcem f., Virg.: a philosophical 
system not only f.’d carefully, but also 
built wp, accurate non modo fundata, 
verum etiam exstructa disciplina, Cic. 
Fin. 4,1,1. 3, constituo, i, utum, 3 (to 
arrange and form): tof. a town, oppi- 
dum c., Caes. B.C. 1, 15: tof. new walls, 
nova moenia cons., Virg. 4, molior, 
4 (with effort): to f. walls, muros m., 
Virg. Phr.: arts (or sciences) which 
are f.’d on conjecture, artes quae conjec- 
tura continentur, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24; con- 
jecture on which divination is f.’d, con- 
jectura in qua nititur divinatio, Cic. Div. 
2, 26, init.: points on which the case ts 
fd, ea in quibus nititur causa, Cic. Cael. 
10, 25: so without prep., to be f.’d on 
truth, veritate niti, Cic.: tof. one’s hopes 
on a thing, spem ponere, coliocare, in 
aliqua re, Cic.: Caes.: v. HOPE. |], To 
mould in metal: fundo, 3: v. TO CAST 
(iV.). ; 

foundation: |. The groundwork 
of a structure: , fundamentum 
(common both in lit. and fig. sense): 
to lay the f.s, fundamenta jacere, Cic. : 
Liv.: foll. by dat. urbi, Liv. 1, 12 (but 
the gen. is the usu. constr.) ; f. locare, 
Virg.; f. agere (i. e., to carry the f.s in 
a certain direction), Cic. Mil. 27, extr. 
Fig.: to lay the f.s of peace, f. pacis 
jacere, Cic. : to lay the f. of a philosophy, 
fundamentum philosophiae ponere [in 
aliqua re], Cic, Div.2,1,2: age is planted 
on the f.s of youth, senectus fundamentis 
adolescentiae constituta est, Cic. Sen. 
18, 62. 2, fundamen, inis, n. (poet.): 
Virg.: Ov. 3, fundatio (rare): Vitr. 

4, substructio (grownd-work ; esp. 

of buildings on a large scale) : the depth 
of the f., altitudo substructionis, Vitr. 
6, 8, 6: the greatest care ought to be 
taken with the f., maxima esse debet 
cura substructionis, Vitr.: Plin. Ep. 
(comp. Cic. Mil. 20, 53, where the term 
includes the works begun as a whole: 
so Caes. B. C. 2, 25). 5, sédes, is, f. 
(poet. or fig.): we overturn the tower 
from its deep f.s, turrim convellimus 
altis s., Virg.; Rome herself seemed 
almost torn up from its f.s, mihi ipsa 
Roma prope convulsa s. suis visa est, 
Cic. in Pis. 22, 52: Quint, Phr.: to 
destroy, overthrow, a city from its very 
fs, urbem funditus tollere, evertere, Cic. 
Fig.: to unfold the f.s of nature, pri- 
mordia rerum pandere, Luer. 1, 56: v. 
PRINCIPLE, Il. 4x establishment of- 
a pecuniary nature, esp. for education : 
annui sumptus in almenta [puerorum, 
ete. ], Plin. Ep. 1, 8, Io. 

founder (subs.) : |. One who lays 
the foundations: 1, conditor, f. -trix: 
the f. of a city, c. urbis, Suet.: Quint. : 
of akingdom or empire, c. regni, Just. 
Fig.: the f. of Roman freedom, Ro- 
manae libertatis c., Liv. 8, 34. 9. 
auctor (chief mover or originator) : 
Cynthius f. of Troy, Trojae Cynthius a., 
Virg.: Hor.: v. AUTHOR. 38, funda- 
tor (rare): f, of the city of Praeneste 





FOUR-SQUARE 


Praenestinae f. urbis, Virg. Aen. 7. 678. 
4, creator, f. creatrix (rare in this 

sense); Romulus the great f. of this city, 
princeps ille c, hujus urbis R., Cic. Bal. 
13, 31; 5, parens ntis,c (only fig.): 
Vv. FATHER. |]. A worker in molten 
metal: fasor : Cod. Just. 10, 64. 

founder (v.): 1. perh. pessum 
eo, abeo: comp. Pl. Rud. 2, 3, 64. N 
submergo, si, sum, 3 (in pass.): v. TO 
SINK. 

foundery, foundry: *officina fu- 
soria. 

foundling: expdsiticius (-tius): a 
Female f., ex. puella, Pl. Cas. prol. 79. 

foundling-hospital; bréphotro- 
pheum (-ium): Cod. Just. 1, 2, 19. 

foundress: 1, conditrix: Apul. 

2. auctor (for the gender, comp. 

Liv. 40, 4, fin.) : Vv. FOUNDER. 

fountain, fount: fons, fontis, m. 
(natural or artificial): a f. of sweet 
water, f. dulcis aquai, Lucr.: the Nile 
which hides the sources of its f.s, fon- 
tium qui celat origines Nilus, Hor.: in 
Front a f. sends up water and recetves 
it again, contra f. egerit aquam et re- 
cipit, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 37. Fig.: the fs 
of philosophy, f. philosophiae, Cic. Tusc. 
I, 3, extr.: v. souRCE. Dimin. fonti- 
cilus (a small f.): Hor.: Plin. Ep. 
Phr.: f.-head of sacred water, sacrae 
caput aquae, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 22: v. 
SPRING. 

four ; quatuor (quatt.): f. times, qua- 
tér, Cic.: Virg.: f. each, f. at a time, 
quaterni, Cic.: Hor.; quadrini, Varr.: 
Plin.: f. in measure, quaternarius: as, 
quaternarius scrobs (Col.), a pit f. feet 
square: the number f., quaternio (m.), 
Mart. Cap.; mnumerus quaternarius, 
Plin.; in or into f. parts, in a f.-fold 
manner, quadrifariam, adv., Liv. : Suet.: 
divided into f. parts, quadripartitus (v. 
F.-FOLD) : weighing or holding f. pounds, 
quadrilibris, Pl.: a period of f. days, 
quatriduum, Pl.: Cic.: lasting f. days, 
quatriduanus, Hier. : lasting f. months, 
Ff. months old, quadrimestris, Varr.: 
Suet.: a period of f. years, quadrien- 
nium, Cic.: f.-yearly, lasting f.-years, 
quadriennis, Aur. Vict.: f. years old, 
quadrimus: e. g., Cato when f. years 
old, q. Cato, Cic.: f.-year-old wine, a. 
vinum, Hor.: f. year-old oxen, q. boves, 
Varr.: the age of f. years, quadrima- 
tus, tis, m., Col.: Plin.: af.-horse chariot 
or team, quadrigae, arum, Virg.: Cic. : 
also, quadrijiigus currus, Virg.: the 
driver of such a chariot, quadrigarius, 
Varr.: having f. hands, quadrimanus 
(-is), Jul. Obs.: with f. feet, quadripes, 
pédis (v. QUADRUPED): to make one’s 
way on all f.s, quadrupedem se recipere, 
Suet. Ner. 48, ad fin.: interest at f. per 
cent., vere usurae, Scaev. Dig. 33, 
I, 21 § 4. 

four-hundred : quadringenti, Cic. : 
f. hundred at a time, u-piece, quadrin- 
geni, Liv.: Suet.; quadringenténi, Vitr. : 
Plin. : f. hundredth, quadringentesimus, 
a. fF. hundred times, quadringenties, 

ic. 

four-cornered : 
(rectangular): Hor. : 
driangulus: Aus. 

four-fold: 1, quadriplex, icis: 
Vv. QUADRUPLE. Q, quadruplus: often 
used in neut. as subs.: to condemn @ 
usurer to restore f., feneratorem con- 
demnare quadrupli, Cato, R. R. pref. 
to sentence a man to pay f.-fold, judi- 
cium in aliquem in quadruplum dare, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 13, 34. 3, Quadripartitus 
(divided in f.-fold wise): the f. distri- 
bution of an accusation, q. distributio 
actionis, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, extr.: Tac. 
As adv., in f. division, quadripartito, 
Col. Phr.: to yield f.-fold (of crops), 
cum quarto respondere, Col.: v. FOLD 
(IIL). 

four-footed: quadriipes, pédis: v. 
QUADRUPED. 

four-oared: Phr.: a f.-oared 
vessel, boat, quatuor scalmorum naviy 
(navicula), Vell. 2, 43. 

four-score: octoginta: v. EGA. 

four-square; quadratus: Vv. SQUARE. 


1, quadratus 
Plin. 2, qua- 





* 


FOUR-STRINGED 





yfour-stringed : tetrachordos, on: 
tr. 

four-wheeled: Phr.: a f.-wheeled 
ee vehiculum cum quatuor rotis, 

fourteen: quatuordécim (quatt.), 
Suet. : f. times, quatér décies, Cic. 

fourteenth: quartus décimus, Cic. 

fourth: quartus: the 7. ol of the 
Forces, q. pars copiarum, Caes.; also 
without pars: to give the tenths to wives, 
the f.s to mistresses, decimas uxoribus 
dare, quartas meretricibus, Quint. 8, 5, 
19 (Vv. QUARTER): Of descent or succes- 
sion: the f. from Arcesilas, q. ab Arce- 
sila, Cic. Acad. 2, 6, 16. For the f. 
time, quartum: in the f. place, quarto ; 
but the distinction betwoen these forms 
was not kept up (v. Gell. 10, 1): thus 
consul for the f. time might be either 
consul quartum or quarto: belonging 
to the f., quartanus: the soldiers of 
the f. legion, quartani milites, Tac. : 
a f. part of an as, quadrans, nDltis, 
m.: heir to the f. part of an estate, 
heres ex quadrante, Suet. Caes. 83 
(i. q. heres ex teruncio, Cic. Att. 7, 
2, 3). A f. in music, diitessaron, 
Vitr. 5, 4, ad fin. 

fourthly;: quarto: v. rourTH. Ina 
quadruple or further division of a sub- 
ject, Cicero appears always to prefer 
tum, deinde, postea, denique: v. Tursell. 
8. V. PRIMUM. 

fowl] (subs.): |. A winged crea- 
ture: esp. so used in pl.: flying f., the 
Ff. of the air, volucres: v. BIRD. Il. 
A domestic f., gallina: v. HEN. 

fowl (v. intr.): auciipor, 1 (more 
freq. in fig. sense to seek after): 
Varr. R. R. 1, 23: Dig. 

fowler: auceps, auciipis, m.: 


or. 

fowling (swbs.): 1, auciipium : 
Cic. wn 16, 56 (where perh. the word 
is used in concrete sense —game: cf. 
id. Fin. 2,8). 2, expr. by verb: for 













PL: 


the sake of hunting or f., venandi aucu- 
pandive gratia, Dig. 
fox: |, Lit.: vulpes, is, f.: 


Hor.: Plin. Prov.: to yoke f.s, i.e. 
do a thing absurd, v. jungere, Virg. E. 3, 
93: the f. changes her coat not her man- 
ners, v. pilum mutat non mores, Suet. 
Vesp. 16. Dimin., vulpécula, a small 
fF» Cic. Adj., belonging to a f., vulpi- 
nus: a f.’s tongue, lingua vulpiua, Cic. 
Phr.: to set the f. to keep the geese, 
ovem lupo committere, Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 
16. = {j, Fig.: A sly rogue: astitus 
(adj.): roguish, cunning, a regular sly 
JF. malus, callidus, ast. admodum, PI. 
Am.1,1, 115. A sly old f., vétérator : 
Ter.: Cic. Comp. also Pers. 5, 117: 
astutam servas sub pectore vulpem. 
fox-glove: ‘digitalis purpureus: 
inu 


fox-hound: catiilus, canis: v. HOUND 

fox-hunting: vulpium vénatio: v 
HUNTING. 

fox-mange: @ disease: alopécia: 
Plin 


fox-tail: a plant: alopécurus, i, f.: 
Plin. 


fraction: |. 4 small part: pars 
exigua, perexigua, Cic.: not a f., nulla 
pars, Cic.: v. PART. I]. Arithmet. : 
fractio, quae dicitur. 
fractious: difficilis, mordsus: 
ILL-TEMPERED. 
fracture (subs.): Med. ¢. t. fracttira, 
. 8, 10: Cato, Or expr. by verb: 
in the case of a f. of the shoulder-bone, 
si quidem humerus fractus, Cels. 8, 
10, 2. 
fracture (v.): esp. as med. ¢.t.: 
frango, 3: Cels. 8, 10: v. TO BREAK. 
fragile: |. Lit.: fragilis, e: 
the f. myrtle, fr. myrtus, Hor.: Virg. 
Il. Fig.: fragilis, cidicus: v. 
FRAIL. 


fragility: fragilitas: Plin.: v. prit- 


v. 


TLENESS. 
fragment: |. Lit.: a broken 
piece of something: 1. fragmentum 


xs or tiles (= pre ae 
+» Liv. 34, 39, n.: a J. of stone, 
fr. lapidis, Cic. N. D. 2, 32, Ae 2. 





joram, amaracus s., Cat. : 


Jlowers, odoratissimi flores, Plin. 


FRAMER 


fragmen, inis, n. (poet. or late): the f.s 


of the oars (= broken oars), fr. remo- 
Tum, Virg. Aen. 10, 305: Suet. sd 
fractiira (late): Plin. 33, 4, 21 9 71 (al. 
fractariis). ¥ 
portion of a literary work: *fragmen- 
tum: so used by editors in general. 
Phr.: onlya few f.s of Ennius have 
been handed down to us, *Ennii non- 
nisi pauca quaedam ac mutila exstant 
(scripta). 

fragmentary: Phr.: a /. history, 
res carptim scriptae, comp. Sall. Cat. 4. 

fragrance, fragrancy: 1. sua- 
Vis Odos : Vv. SCENT. 92. suavedlentia, 
Sid. Phr.: to emit a f., halo, t. the 
altars emit a f. from fresh garlands, 
arae sertis recentibus balant, Virg.: v. 


TO SMELL. 

fragrant: 1. suavis: f. flowers, 
s. flores, Lucr.: Cic. Join: (odor) 
suavis et jucundus, Cic.: v. SWEET. 

Q, suavedlens (poet.): the f. mar- 

J. apples, mala 
s.; Cat. 8, lens (oftener used in bad 
sense, unsavoury): f. pastures, ol. pas- 
cua, Ov. A. A. 1, 95: Stat. 4. odo- 
ratus ; f. wood, od. ligna, Virg.: most f. 
Odorifer, éra, Erum (poet.): Ov.: Prop. 

6, Sdorus: af. tree, od. arbor, Ov.: 
Plin. 
fragrantly: suaviter, suavi odore: 
Vv. SWEETLY. 

frail (subs.): a kind of basket, fis- 
cina, Cic.: Virg.: v. BASKET. 

frail (adj.): 1, fragilis, e: an 
immortal soul animates a f. body, f. 
corpus animus sempiternus movet, Cic. 
Rep: 6, 24: the glory of riches and 
beauty is fleeting and f., divitiarum et 
formae gloria fluxa et fr. est, Sall. Cat. 
ig 2, cadiicus (apt to fall and fade 
away): a f. and weak body, corpus c. 
et infirmum, Cic. N. D. 1, 35,98. Join: 
fragilis et caducus, Cic. Am. 27, 102. 

3. infirmus, imbécillus, ete.: v. 
FEEBLE. 4, obnoxius (subject to 
something else ; dependent): a free soul 
dwells in this f. tenement, in hoc ob. 
domicilio, animus liber habitat, Sen. Ep. 
imbécillitas, 


65, 22: Plin. 
frailness , 
frailty ( fragilitas : 
NESS, WEAKNESS. 
frame (subs.): |. A structure: 
1. compages, is, f.: “ this universal 


mfirmitas, 


Vv. FEEBLE- 


fF.” (Milt.), c. haec mundi, Gell. 6,1: 


imprisoned in this bodily f., inclusi in 
his c. corporis, Cic. Sen. 21, 77: V. 
FRAMEWORK. Q. figiira: v. FIGURE. 
(Fabrica membrorum, in Cic. N. D. 2, 
47, 121, appears to be the build or me- 
chanism of the limbs; not the bodily f. 
itself.) Phr.: the bodily f., corpus: 
Vv. BODY. I]. That which bounds and 
shapes a window, etc.: 1, forma: 
work enclosed in wooden f.s, opus ligne- 
is f. inclusum, Plin. 35, 14, 49. 2. 
(of a bed) sponda: Ov. Met. 8, 656. 
Il]. Zemper of mind: 1, Ani- 
mus: a right f. of mind toward the 
Roman people, bonus a. in P. R., Caes. : 
Tam ina perfectly tranquil f. of mind, 
tranquillissimus (est) animus meus, Cic. 
Att. 7, 7, med.: v. MIND. 2. affectio 
(state, mode of being affected): a con- 
sistent and harmonious f. of mind, af. 
animi constans cotnveniensque, Clic. 
Tusc. 4, 15, 34. 8, habitus (animi, 
animorum: the latter of a number ot 
persons): Tac. H. 1, 8. Im @ joyful, 
gloomy, etc. f. of mind, may be expr. 
by laetus, laetabundus; tristis, ete. : 
where see the several adj). 
frame (v.): |. Zo shape, construct : 
fabricor, formo, etc.; Vv. TO FASHION, 
FORM. Il. Zo draw up a form of 
words : 1, concipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: 
to f. an edict, edictum c., Ulp. Dig. 13, 
6, 1: Cic. has verbis concipere, Off. 3, 
29, 108. 2, compono, 3 (of a number 
of laws or other forms): ¥. TO"DRAW 
uP (IL). Il]. Zo put a frame to a 
picture: (picturam) in forma includere, 
Plin. 35, 14, 49. 
framer: |, Maker, constructor : 
1, fabricator, & -trix: the f. of so 


Fig.: a mutilated | 
|J- 


FRANTIC 





vast a work (the world), ille f tant! 
operis, Cic. Tim. 2, med.: f. of a stra- 
tagem, f. doli, Virg. 2. opifex, icis, 
m. (workman, manufacturer): the f. 
and builder of the world, o. aedificator- 
que mundi, Cic. N. D. 1, 8,18: the great 
of the universe, o. ille rerum, Ov. 
3. creator: v. CREATOR. Il. One 
who draws up a law: lator (strictly, the 
proposer): the f.of the Sempronian law, 
1. legis Semproniae, Cic. Cat. 4, §, 10 
ef. Liv. 3, 31, jin., quum de legibus 
conveniret, de latove tantum discre- 
paret. 
framework: 1. compages, is, /. 
(that which is fitted and fastened to- 
gether): this f. has been cemented by 
the fortune and discipline of 800 years, 
octingentorum annorum fortuna disci- 
plinaque c. haec coaluit, Tac. H. 4, 74 
v. FRAME (I.). 2. compactio (== pre- 
ced.): Vitr. 8. contignatio (of wood, 
planks): a f. of wood to form a pro- 
tection to the tower, c. quae turri tegi- 
mento futura esset, Caes. B.C.2,9. 4, 
contabilatio (tike preced.): Caes. Le. 
5, tabilatio: Caes. 6. moles, is, 
J. (any vast, massive f.): V. PILE, 
framing (subs.): compactio: the f. 
of the limbs together, c. membrorum, Cic. 
More freq. expr. by fabricor, conformo, 
etc.: V. TO FRAME, FASHION. 
France: Gallia: Milton. 
franchise: |. That of a citizen : 
1, civitas: v. CITIZENSHIP. a 
jus: the Latin f., jus Latii; or simply 
Latium: v. Dict. Ant. s. v. Latinitas. 
Phr.: the electoral f., suffragium ; suf- 
fragii latio: C. Valerius proposed that 
they should enjoy the electoral f., C. Val. 
promulgavit ut iis suffragii latio e=set, 
Liv. 38, 36: to confer the electoral f., 
suffragium dare, impertiri, Liv.: to de- 
prive of it, suffragio privare, Cic. Agr. 


2, 1, 18: ¥. DISFRANCHISE. |]. Spectal 
exemption from burdens : ], immi- 
nitas: Vv. DMMUNITY. 2. jus (with 


some qualifying word): the f. com- 
Serredupon those having three children 
or more, jus trium libererum, Dig.: 
comp. supr. (1.). 
frank: i. e., not using reserve : Di 
liber, éra, érum (free, unrestrained) : 
fest indignation, liberrima indignatio, 
Hor. Epod. 4, to: cf. ib. 11, 16: libera 
bilis: v. FREE (I, 1,c.). 9. candidus: 
Vv. CANDID. 3. ingénuus (free-born ; 
hence, open, undisguised): with f. mo- 
desty to yield the palm, i. pudore pal- 
mam concedere, Plin.: cf. Juv. 11, 154, 
ingenui vultus puer, ingenuique pudoris, 
4, Apertus (undisguised): Vv. OPEN. 
5, simplex (without duplicity in 
word or deed): Cic.: Vv. SIMPLE, 6. 
sincérus: Vv. SINCERE. 
frankincense: tiis (this), ttris, n.: 
Cic.: Hor. Adj., tareus: the f. shrub, 
turea virga, Ov.: grains of f.,t. grana, 
Ov.: gifts of f., t. dona, Virg.: v. IN- 
CENSE. 
frankly: ], libéré: v. FREELY. 
9. candidé: v. CANDIDLY. 3: 
ingénué: to acknowledge openly and f., 
aperte atque i. confiteri, Cic. . 
apert€é: v. OPENLY. 5, simpliciter: 
to speak most f. together, simplicissime 
inter se loqui, lac. H. 1, 15, jin. 6. 
sincéré: v.SINCERELY. Phr.: sheshows 
her wares f., mercem sine fucis gestat 
aperte, Hor. S. 1, 2, 83; cf. sine fuco et 
fallaciis, Cic. Att. 1,1, init.: to advise 
any one f. and as a friend, aliquem 
audacter monere et famillariter, Ter 
Heaut. 1, 1, 6. 
frankness: 1. libertas (rather 
stronger than the English): Ov.: Just. 
V. FREEDOM, LICENSE. 2, candor (of 
a mind free from prejudice or spite): 
Phaedr. prol. lib. 3, extr.: Vell.: v. 
CANDOUR 3, ingtnuitas (not so in 
Cic.): Plin. 35, 10, 369 4. 4, simpli 
Citas: then (over wine) f. unseals the 
mind, tunc aperit mentes s., Ov. A. A. 
1, 241: V. SIMPLICITY. 5, sincéritas 
v. sincerity. Phr.: with f., libéré, 
sine fucis: Vv. FRANKLY. 
frantic: 1, fanaticus (mad): 
those superstitious and well nigh J. phi 
325 


FRANTICLY 





losophers, isti philosophi superstitiost 
et paene f., Cic. Div. 2,57 118: f. ges- 


ticulations, f. jactatio corporis, Liv. 39, 


13. 2. lympbatus- (supernaturally 
maddened: chiefly poet.): Join: 
lymphatus et attonitus, Liv. 4, 17, ad 
tnit.: Hor. 3. lymphaticus (of that 
which characterizes lymphati- v.supr.) ¢ 
J. fear, |. pavor, Liv.: Sen. 4, amens 
(beside oneself, distracted): f. with fear, 
a. metu, Liv. 23, 9, init.: a most f (in- 
sane) scheme, consilium amentissimum, 
Cic. Att. 7, 10: V. MAD, MADDENED. 
Phr.: to be f. with pain, dolore furere, 
Ov.; with love, amore furere, Val. Fl. 
to drive one f., rabidum agere aliquem, 
Cat.: Vv. TO MADDEN. 

franticly: perh. best expr. by pres. 
part. of fiiro, 3: he shouted out f., *fu- 
Tens (furibundus) vociferatus est: v. TO 
RAGE. Or by adjj., velut fanaticus, lym- 
phatus, etc. amens may be used adverb. 
according to L. G. § 343: cf. Virg. Aen. 
2, 743, etc. 

fraternal: fraternus: Cic.: Hor.: 
V. BROTHERLY. 

fraternally ; frfiterné: Cic. 

fraternity : |. The relation of 
brothers : 1, germanitas: Cic. Lig. 
IT, 33) pLiv. 2. fraternitas (rare): 
f. with the Roman people, fr. cum P. R., 
Tac. Ann. 11, 25: Quint. Decl. Il. 
An association of men: sddalitas: the 
f. of the Lupercal brothers, s. germano- 
rum Lupercorum, Cic.: v. ASSOCIATION. 
Phr.: the f. of Augustus, sodales Au- 
gustales, Tac. Ann. 1, 54: the Arval f., 
Arvales fratres, Varr. L. L. 5, 15, 85. 

fraternize: Pbhr.: the soldiers (of 
the two armies) were openly f.ing, mi- 
lites palam inter se loquebantur, Caes. 
B.C. 1,72: comp. ib. 74; signa trans- 
ferre,....adeo ut una castra facta ex 
binis viderentur, to f. so as to make one 
camp of two. More generally, amici- 
tiam societatemque inter se jungere: v. 
FRIENDSHIP, ALLIANCE. 

fratricidal: parricidialis, e (comp. 
PARRICIDE, L1.): Arnob. 

fratricide: |. The murderer: 

1, fratricida, m.: Nep. Q, fratris 

interfector, Quint.: v. MURDERER. ay 
parricida (the murderer of a relative 
nearly related by blood): used of Ju- 
gurtha, Flor. 3,1,6: cf. ib. 1, 3,6, where 
the term is applied to Horatius. Il. 
The crime: , fraternur parricidium, 
Cic. Clu. 11, 31; fratris parr., Liv. 40, 
24. Q. fraterna nex (poet.): Hor. 
Epod. 7, 18. 

fraud: 1, fraus, dis, f. (most gen. 
term for all fraudulent conduct): wrong 
ts done either by violence or by f., aut 
vi aut fr. fit injuria, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41: 
the enemy seek an opportunity for f. 
and deceit, hostes fr. ac doli occasionem 

tunt, Caes.: to plan f., fr. moliri, 

haedr.; fr. struere, Sen. 9. dodlus 
(stratagem, wile: in the earlier writers 
and the Jurists, dolus malus): he con- 
tends by f.s and deceptions, dolis atque 
fallaciis contendit, Sall. Cat. 11: by f. 
and treachery, per dolum ac proditio- 
nem, Liv.: agreements that have been 
extered into neither through violence nor 
J. pacta neque vi neque d. malo facta, 
Kdict. praet. in Cic. Off. 3, 24, init.: to 
use no dishonesty, no f..ne qua fraus, 
ne quis d. adhibeatur, Cic. Dom. 14, 
36. 8. fallacia (chiefly in words) : 
Vv. DECEPTION. 4. fraudatio (rare); 
Vet. lex in Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70. 


fraudful: fraudiilentus: v. vis- 
HONEST. 

fraudfully; v. FRAUDULENTLY. 
fraudulent: 1, fraudiilentus - 


f. sales, fr. venditiones, Cic. Off. 3, 21, 
83; V. DISHONEST. 9, dodlosus: v. DE- 
cEITFUL. Pir.: af. transaction, quod 
fraude, dolo malo fit, Cic.: v, FRAUD. 
fraudulently : 1, fraudilenter 
(rare), Col.: Plin. 2. ddlo milo 
(legal term): Cic. Off. 3, 24, inzt. BY 
dolosé: todo uny thing f. or dishonestly, 
agere quidquam d. aut malitiose, Cic. 
(in these words Cic. is illustrating the 
sense of the legal term, dulus malus, Off. 
3, 15). 4, contra fidem: things f. 
322 





FREE 


FREEBOOTER 





done, quae contra f. fiunt, Cic. N. D. 3, 
30, 74: Dig. 5, mala fide: to pos- 
sess any thing f., aliquid mala f. possi- 
dere, Paul. Dig. 41, 2, 1 § 6: v. Dis- 
HONESTLY. 

fray: 1, rixa: people flocking to- 
gether,af and almost a regular battle 
ensued, concursu hominum r. ac prope 
proelium fuit, Liv. 2, 8, imit.: blood- 
stained f.s, sanguineae r., Hor. Od. 1, 27, 
4. 2. certamen (any contest): v. 
COMBAT. 

freak (subs.): libido: v. CAPRICE. 
Phr.; todo a thing bya mere f., ali- 
quid temere, inconsulte agere, Cic. Off. 
1, 29, 103: to play off her insolent f.s 
(of Fortune), ludum insolentem ludere, 
Hor. Od. 3, 2y, 50: af. of nature, *lusus, 
qui dicitur, naturae. 

freak (v.): maciilo, distinguo: v. To 
VARIEGATE. 

freakish: lévis, ventOsus: v. ca- 
PBICIOUS. 

FYreakishly: ex libidine: v. capri- 
CIOUSLY. 

freakishness: libido, lévitas: v. 
CAPRICE. 

freckle: 1, lentigo, inis, f. (col- 
lective: but used both in sing. and pl.): 
it covers the face with J.s, faciem lenti- 
gine obducit, Plin.: to remove f.s from 
the face, lentigines e facie tollere; 1. 
corrigere, sanare, Plin. 2. lenticila 
(used like preced.): to remove f.s, lenti- 
culam tollere, lenticulas curare, Cels. 6, 
5, intt.: Plin. 8. épbélis, idis, f. (a 
different kind of sun-mark): Cels. 1. ¢. 

4, aestates, um, f. (swmmer-marks) : 
Plin. 28, 12, 50 § 185 (al. testas). 

freckled, freckly: lentigindsus, 
Val. Max. Phr.: a freckle-faced per- 
son, cui facies lentigine obductus est: 
V. Supr. FRECKLE. 

free (adj.) : I. Enjoying liberty of 
any kind: |, liber, éra, rum: (a). in 
civil sense: in civil law, he who is born 
of a f. mother, ts f., in jure civili, qui 
est matre 1., liber est, Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 
45: Liv.: hence, of freedom from tazx- 
ation : lands subject to no burden and f., 
agri immunes ao l., Cic. Verr. 2, 69, 166: 
J. trade, *commercia immunia ac 1. 
(b.) of freedom of mind, action, etc. : 
it has been said that no one is f. but the 
wise man, dictum est nisi sapientem 1. 
esse nullum, Cic.: a f. (independent) 
judgment, |. judicium, Cic. Dom. 2, 10: 
J. (unfettered) power of decision, |. arbi- 
trium, Liv. 31, 11 (only in later Lat.= 
free-will, August.): the poet freer in 
respect of liberty of language (than the 
orator), verborum licentia liberior poeta, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 70: one ta f. (to do this 


or that), alicui liberum est (with inf,), | 


Quint. 6, 3, extr.: Plin. jun. (not Cic.). 
(c). = outspoken, frank: a f. tongue, 
l. lingua, Pl. Cist. 1, 2, 7: @ letter 
somewhat more f. than usual, liber- 
iores literae, Cic, Att. 1, 13, I: @ 
simple, f. youth, adolescens impru- 
dens et 1., Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40: freer dis- 
cussion, liberior [in utramque partem] 
disputatio, Quint. 2. sdliitus (not 
under restraint or control: esp. of free- 
dom of mind or language): very often 
joined with liber: a J. and unfettered 
mind, s. liberque animus, Cic. Verr. 2, 
75, 185: f. tn the expression of his 
thoughts, s. in explicandis sententiis, 
Cic. Br. 47, 73 (but solutus in Cic. not 
unfreq. = lax, wanting nerve, vigour) : 
if I were perfectly f. to act in any way 
I chose, si essent omnia mibi solutissima, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 8. 8. intéger (not 
tampered with, independent): a f. and 
independent judgment, judicium i. ac 
liberum, Cic. Div. 2, evtr. Phr.: a 
marriage of f. persons, liberate conju- 
gium, Tac.: one born of f. parexts, in- 
genuus, ingenua, Cic.: Hor.: to become 
J. (one’s oum master), de (a) potestate 
alicujus exire, Ulp. Dig. 37, 4, 1,6: do 
they call this a f. country. hiccine liber- 
tatem aiunt aequam esse omnibus? Ter. 
Ad. 2, 1,29: todo a thing of one’s own 
Ff. will, sua voluntate aliquid facere, Cic. 
(Vv. VOLUNTARILY) : in order to get a freer 
articulation, quo facilius verba ore ex- 





primeret, Quint. 11, 3,54. ||. Hzempt 
Srom: ], liber (foll. by abl. with or 
withouta, ab): a mind f. from all care, 
animus omni liber cura, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 
49° Liv.: but in Cic. the prep. is more 
freq. found ; as, l. a delictis, Agr. 1, 9, 
27: liberi ab omni sumptu, Verr. 4, 10, 
23: sometimes the MSS. vary, as in Off. 
I, 20,67: [ab] omni perturbatione animi 
liber: in later writers the abl. alone is 
more freq. Poet. with gen., f. from toil, 
1, laborum, Hor. A. P. 212. Q, sdlitus 
(less freq. in this sense: constr. same 
as preced.): a consul f. from passion, 
consul s. a cupiditatibus, Cie. Agr. 1, 9, 
27: the soul f. (veleused) from the body, 
s. anima corpore, Quint.: #. rom toil, 
s. operum, Hor. Od. 3, 17, extr. By 
expers, rtis (not partalcing of ; exempt 
Jrom: with gen., and abl. with or with- 
out prep.): V. EXEMPT. 4, vacuus 
(void of: usu. with abl.): f. from that 
danger, v. ab isto periculo, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 
3, med. (but even in Cic. the abl. alone 
is more usual): v. EXEMPT. Phr.: to 
be f. from all pain, omni dolore carere, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 38: to be f. frum death 
(i. e. immortal), morte carere, Hor. : to 
be f. from blame, extra culpam esee, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 51, 134; a culpa remotum 
esse, id. Mur. 35, 73; abesse a culpa, 
id. Fam. 6, 2: to be f. from care and 
business, cura et negotio vacare, Cic: 
Liv. See also foll. artt. Ill. Without 
price, for nothing: gratuitus (i or i): 
JF. (unbought) suff rages, g. suffragia, Cie. : 
J. seats in the Cireus, g. in Cireo loca, 
Suet. Cal. 26: cf. id. Ner.17. Phr.: @ 
J. distribution of corn, framentaria lar- 
gitio, Cic. Off. 2, 21,72. |, Of space: 
not occupied: pirus: f. spaces in the 
city, loca in urbe pura. Varr. L. L. 5, 
6 (4), 38: a f., open plain, p. ac patens 
campus, Liv. 24. 14. ef. Cic. Sen. 17, 59, 
humus subacta atque pura. A J. open 
space (in a city), area, Varr. 1. c. 

free (v.): i.e., to set f.: |. In gen. 
sense : 1, libéro, 1 (foll. by acc., and 
abl. either alone or with prep.): to f. 
oneself from inconvenience, se eX incom- 
modis L, Cic. Verr. 5, 9, 23: to f.a@ per- 
son from blame, aliquem oulpa 1., Cie. 
Att. 13,22: in later writers the abl. is 
usually without prep.: Vv. TO DELIVER. 
Absol., to f. lands, marts, harbours, etc. 
(viz. from taxes or tolls), agros, em- 
poria, portus 1., Cic. Agr. 1, 4, Io. 2: 
eximo, émi, mptum, 3 (foll. by acc., and 
abl. usu. with prep., or in later writers 
dat.): to f. any one from fetters, ali- 
quem e vinculis ex., Cic. Or. 23, 77: to 
J. citizens from bondage, cives servitio 
ex., Liv. 28, 39. 3. exuo, i, Ttum, 3 
(with acc. and abl., or dat. and acc.): 
hands f.d from fetters, palmae vinclis 
exutae, Virg.: to f. oneself from a yoke, 
se jugo ex., Liv. 34, 13, extr.: to f. one- 
self from fetters, vincula sibi ex., Ov. 
Fig.: to free oneself from the toils, ex 
laqueis se exuere, Cic. Verr. 5, 58, 151: 
Vv. TO DIVEST, RELEASE, 4, expédio, 
4: V. TOEXTRICATE. |], Specially, to 
give liberty to a slave: libéro, manwt- 
mitto: Vv. TO EMANCIPATE. 

free with, make (v.): eet 
take without being asied: suppilo, sur- 
ripio: v. TO FILCH. I]. 70 indulge 
Sreely: 1, invito, 1 (with vefl. pron.): 
he made a little too f. at supper-time, 
invitavit se coena plusculum, Pl. Am. 
I, 1, 126: when he made freest (with 
wine), quoties largissime se invitaret, 
Suet. Aug. 77. 2, indulgeo, 2; v. ro 
INDULGE, To treat disrespect- 
Sully : 1, ludifico, lidificor, 1: these 
people surely think me no man, they 
make so f. with me, non herele hice 
homines me marem rentur3; ita me 
ludificant, Pl.: v. roou (I. fin.): to 
make J. with the person of a maid, vir- 
ginem L, ‘ler. Eun. 4, 3, 3. 9, illudo 
si, sum, 3 (with dat.): Tac.; Suet.: v. 
TO MOCK, 

freebooter: 1, praedo, onis, m. @ 
professed plunderer): a sea f. (pirate), 
p. maritimus, Nep. Them. 2: Dig. (v. 
infr.). Join: praedones latronesque, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 110: piratae praedonesaue, 





FREE-BOOTING 


Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 5,13. Q, latro, Onis, 
n. (an irregular, unauthorized soldier ; 
opp. to a formal hostis): ef. Pomp. Dig. 
50, 16, 118: hostes hi sunt qui nobis, 
aut quibus nos publice beilum decrevi- 
mus, ceteri latvones aut praedones sunt : 
Caes. 8. latrunciilus (deuned by the 
Dig. in same terms as preced., Ulp. 49, 
15, 24): a f.,and vot a lauf. Lempevor, 
latrunculum non principem, Vop. Firm, 
2. 4, pirata, ae, m. (by sea): v. 
PIRATE, 

free-booting (subs.): latrdcinium 
(any wholesa'e depredation): to carry 
on f., latrocinia agitare, Tac. A. 12, 27 
Cic. Join: latrocinia ac praedationes, 
Vell. 2, 73: v. koupeRy. Or expr. by 
verb: to live by f., praedando vivere: 
Vv. TO PLUNDER. 

free-booting (adj.): praedatorius : 
Liv.: v. PREDATORY. 

free-born: ingénuus (born of parents 
Free at the time ; whereas liber includes 
such as had been born slaves but after- 
wards became free): Cic.: Hor. 

freedman: 1. libertus(the emanci- 
pated person was so called in relation to 
his former master, or the person manu- 
miltting him: as a citizen, he belonged 
to the class of libertini: v. infr.): I 
made you my f. from being a slave, 
feci e servo ut esses 1. mibi, Ter. Andr. 
I, I, 10: he would have made our slaves 
his freedmen, servos nostros |. suos fecis- 
set, Cic. Mil. 33, 89. em. liberta, a 
freed-woman : to my freedmen and 
Freed-women, libertis libertabusque meis, 
formula of testament in Dig. hi 
libertinus (strictly an adj. descriptive of 
the class of emancipated persons: used 
both as swis., esp. in pl., and as adj.: 
v. supr. 1): Cn. Publicius a f., Cn. 
Publicius 1. homo, Cic.: Vib. Gracchus 
transferred the freedmen into the city 
tribes, Ti, Gracchus 1. in urbanas tribus 
transtulit, Cic.: the class of freedmen, 
libertinus ordo, Liv. 43, 12, ad jin: 
the populace consisting of freedmen, 
libertina plebs, Plin. 14, 4, 5 § 48: a 
father that was a f., 1. pater, Hor. S. 1, 
6, 45. A freed-woman, libertina: Hor. 

freedom: |. Liberty: 1, liber- 
tas: (q@). political and general: to be- 
stow f. on @ slave, dare 1. servo, Cic. : to 
lose one’s f., perdere Ll, Pl.: Cic.: no 
Roman citizen can lose his f. unless he 
himself authorize the proceeding, nemo 
civis Romanus 1. potest amittere, nisi ipse 
auctor sit factus, Cic.: to take away a 
man’s f., 1. alicui adimere, Cic. : to assert 
one’s f., se in libertatem vindicare, Cic. : 
to recover f., 1. recuperare, Caes.: it is 
the peculiarity of f. to live as you choose, 
libertatis proprium est, vivere ut velis, 
Cic. (b). exemption from burdens: f. 
of a house from taxation, aedium L, 
Dig. (c). f. of speech: to satirize with 
great f., multa cum 1. notare, Hor.: to 
pay the penalty of f. of speech, \ibertatis 
poenas pendere, Justin: v., FRANKNESS, 
LICENCE. 2. civitas (implying privi- 
lege as well as mere liberty): v. CITI- 
zensHiPp. Phr.: a suit affecting the f. 
of a citizen, liberalis causa, Ter. Ad. 2, 
1, 40; liberale judicium, Quint. 6, 3, 32: 
v. FREE, (I., fin.): there exists f. of 
thought and speech, sentire quae velis et 
qnae sentias dicere licet, Tac. H. 1, 1: 
hence, f. of the press, * libertas quae sen- 
tias in publicum proferendi: to give 
advice with f., audacter monere, Ter. 
(v. FRANKLY). I]. Release, exemption 
trom: 1, vacatio (esp. legal exemp- 
tion): f. from eapense, toil, military 
service, in short from everything. v. 
sumptus, laboris, militiae, rerum denique 
omnium, Cic. Verr. 4, 10, 23: in gen. 
sense, f. from evils, v. malorum, Sen. : 
with ab: f. from causes (at law), v. a 
causis, Cic, Leg. 1, 4, 12. 2. immi- 
nitas (from dues or duties): V. EXEMP- 
TION. 8. expr. by cireo, vico: v. 
FREE (II, fin.): e. g., in this way you 
will secure f. from many annoyances, 
*ita multis vacabis molestiis. Il. 
Freedom of manner and bearing: *in- 
genui ac liberales mores: v. INGENUOUS- 
NESS, EASE. 





FREEZE 
| freedwoman; liberta, libertina: v. 
FREEDMAN. 
freehold: |. As subs.: praedium 


liberum: a f. is better than an estate 
that is any way burdened, libera pr. 
meliore jure sunt quam serva, Cic, Agr. 
Brits Os lj As adj.: 1, liber: v. 
FREE (L,, 1, @). 2, immiunis: ef. Cic. 
1. c.: v. EXEMPT. 

freeholder : *praedii liberi dominus; 
or simply, dominus: v. PROPRIETOR. 

freely: |. Without restraint: 1, 
libéré: in most senses: the soul set at 
liberty by sleep, moves without restraint 
and f., aninmus somino relaxatus solute 
movetur et |., Cic. Div. 2, 48, loo: tu 
breathe f., |. respirare, Cic. R. Am. 8, 
22: power to live more f., \iberius 
Vivendi potestas, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 25: lv 
speak too f., liberius loqui, Cic.: Caes. 
(Vv. FRANKLY): the earth yielded all 
things more f., tellus omnia liberius 
ferebat, Virg. (Vv. LIBERALLY). 9. 
solute (usu. joined with another adv.): 
Cic. (v. supr. 1): to speale f. and plea- 
santly, s. et suaviter dicere, Cic. Br 29, 
110: to speak more f. and readily, so- 
lutius promptiusque eloqui, Tac.: the 
judge follows equity more f., judex so- 
lutius aequitatem sequitur, Ulp. Dig. 11, 
7,14, fin. |, Liberally, amply: 1, 
large: piling on the logs f. upon the fire, 
ligna super foco 1. reponens, Hor.: v. 
BOUNTIFULLY. 2. coOpidse (plenti- 
fully): his suite ate and drank f., ot 
Tepi avrov copiose (sc. ederunt et bibe- 
runt), Cic. Att. 13, 52: cf. ib., edit et 
bibit adems et jucunde. Comp. (T0 MAKE) 
FREE WITH (IL). 3. affatim: v. 
ABUNDANTLY. 4, prolixe (amply and 
spontaneously) : to promise f., p. promit- 
tere, Cic. Fam. 7, 5, ad med.: to answer 
(give in their names) by no means f., 
parum p. respondere, Cic. Att. 7, 14: 
Ter. Join: prolixe profuseque ; lar- 
gius prolixiusque, Gell. (N.B.—The 
word is appy. somewhat colloquial.) 

II]. Of one’s own free will: sponte, 

ultro. v. VOLUNTARILY. |, Not pre- 
cisely; with latitude: late: to speak 
loosely and f., fuse l.que dicere, Cic. Or. 
32, 113. 

freeman: liber homo: v. FREF. 

freeness: libertas: v. FREEDOM. 

free-spoken: liber: a most f. set of 
men (the old comic writers), liberrimum 
genus, Quint.: Hor.: v. FREE (I., I, c.). 

free-stone: *lapis quoquoversus fis- 
silis (?). 

free-thinking: v. SCEPTICAL. 

free-thinker : v. SCEPTIC. 

free-will: |. In ord. sense: 1, 
véluntas: to do any thing of one’s own 
f., aliquid sua v. facere, Cic. (PI. has 
voluntate alone, Mil. 2, 5, 40, nisi volun- 
tate ibis: also Liv., voluntate in diti- 
onem venerunt, 29, 38, init., but not 
Cic.) 2. sponte, abl. f. (usu. with 
pron. adj.=of one's own accord): to 
do right of one’s own f., sua s. recte 
facere, Ter. Ad. 1, I, 50: Caes.: Cic. 
Join: (sua) sponte et voluntate, Cic. 
Part. 37, 121. See also VOLUNTARILY. 
Phr.: not to believe by f., but by elec- 
tion, non spontaneos credere, sed electos, 
Min. Fel. 11. J, As phil. t.: *liber- 
um arbitrium, Aug.: Erasm.: in same 
sense Cic. uppears to use vOluntas: 
f-will (according to the Stoics) ts 
that which rationally desires any thing, 
voluntas est quae quid cum ratione de- 
siderat, Tusc. 4, 6,12. Phr.: to hold 
the doctrine of f.-vill, ceusere animo- 


rum motus voluntarios esse, cf. Cic. 
Fat. 11. 
freeze: |. Trans.: 1, gélo, 


1: earthenware hives are frozen by the 
colds of winter, alvearia fictilia gelantur 
hiemis frigoribus, Col.: frozen sivrrs, 
amnes gelati, Plin. Fig. they fear 
and are frozen with panic-struck breast, 
timent pavidoque gelaniur  prctore, 
Juv.: Lucan. 2, congélo: to f.ml>, 
oil, lac, oleum, cong., Col Plin. Fig. 
of feeling, Mart. 14, 147. 8. glicio, 
1: Jupiter f.s the snows, J. nives gl., 
Hor.: moisture is frozen, humor glaci- 
atur, Plin. Fig.: fear f.ing the heart, 








FREQUENT 





corda metu glaciante, Stat. 4, con- 
glacio, 1 (rare): used by Cic as intr, 
(v. infr. 4) the waters are frozen, 
conglaciantur aquae, Albin. 5, tro, 
ussi, ustum, 3 (to bite with frost: from 
the similarity of the effects of beat 
and cold, this verb and its compounds 
amburo, aduro, praeuro, are used of 
both burning and freezing): v. TO NIP. 
I]. Impers. .nd intrans, i 
freezes: gélat, 1: they are not gathered 
till it has tegun Ww f., non ante de- 
metuntur quam gelaverit, Vlin. 14, 3, 
4$7- [I], Also intrans.: to become 
Jiozen: 1. gélo, 1: hail when it has 
fallen, remains and f.s, grando lapsa 
prrsidet g.que, Plin. Incept., gélasco, 3: 
ut is not the nature of wine to J., vini 
natura non geluscit, Plin. 14, 21, 27. 
2, congélo, 1: the Danube fs, ister 
c, Ov. Fig.: to be frozen up (with 
torpor), congelasse, Cic. Fum. 2, 13, 3. 
8. rigesco rigui, 3: clothes f. on 
the wearer, vestes r. indutae, Virg. G. 3, 
363: water f.s into hail, aquae in gran- 
dines r., Plin. 4. conglacio, 1 (fo f. 
up completely): water vould not f. with 
wld, aqua non conglaciaret frigoribus, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26. 5, consisto, stiti, 
stitum, 3 (lit. fo become motionless and 
solid: usu. with frigore, gelu: esp, 
poet.): the Danube has been thrice 
Srozen over, ter frigore constitit Ister, 
Ov. Trist. 5, 10, 1: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 9, 
6, concresco, évi, tum, 3 (tocurdle 
together ; become solid): Ov. Met. 9, 220. 
freight (subs.): Onus, éris, n.: Vv. 
LOAD. 
freight (v. é.): Onéro, 1: Sall. Jug. 
86, init.: Vv. TO LOAD. 
freighted: Snustus: ships f. with 
corn, naves o. frumento, Cie. : v. LADEN, 
French: Gallicus: Erasmus: Milton. 
The French (as a people), Galli, Eras- 
mus: Milton: im French, in the French 
language, Gallicé: to spealc F., *Gallice 
loqui : to translate into F., *Gallice red- 
dere. 
french-bean: perh. pbasedlus: v. 
BEAN. 
frenzied: ftirens, (quasi) lymphatus, 
etc.: V. FRANTIC, DISTRACTED. 
frenzy: 1, fiiror (any violent ex- 
citement of mind, resembling actual 
madness): of love: whither has f. driven 
me in love, que me f. egit amantem? 
Ov. Her. 9, 145: of inspiration: Demo- 
critus affirms that a man cannot be @ 
great poet without a f., negat sine f 
Democritus quenquam poétam magnum 
esse posse, Cic. Div. 1, 37, init. : V. MAD- 
xEss. 2, dmentia (dist) action: q.v.): 
sometimes joined with furor: furore 
atque amentia impulsus, Caes. B. G. 1, 
40, ad init.: such a violence of f. rather 
than love, tanta vis amentiae verius 
quam amoris, Liv. 3, 47: v. INFATU- 
ATION. 8, insania (poet.): @ pleasing 
f., amabilis ins., Hor. Od. 3, 4, 5 ¥. 
MADNESS. 
frequency: 1, crébritas: f. of 
letters (veceived), c. literarum, Cic, Att. 
13; 18! 9. fréquentia (of things 
crowded closely together): f. of letters, 
f. epistolarum, Cic. Att. 4. 16, init. : 
comp. id. Tusc. §, 23, 65, est ad portas 
magna f. sepulcrorum. 8. expr, by 
adj. or adv.: he could not eradure the J. 
of my rebulces, crebras meas compella- 
tiones non tulit. Cic. (vV. FREQUENT) > we 
yet accustomed to those wowlers by rea- 
son of their f., *iis miraculis assuesci- 
mus, quippe quae tam crebro (saepe) 
fiunt (Vv. FREQUENTLY). 
frequent (adj.): 1. créber, bra, 
brum (following close upon each other : 
the most usual word): moref. letters and 
messengers were sent to Caesar, crebri- 
ores literae nuntiique ad Cuesurem mit- 
tebaniur, Caes. B. G. 5, 45: f. 07 rather 
daily rebukes, c. vel potius quotidianae 
compellationes, Cic. Fam. 12, 25,1. 2. 
fréquens, ntis (uninterrupted, comin 
regularly and unintermittently\: a 
(assiduous) hearer of Plato, f. Platonis 
auditor, Cic. Or. 4, 15: a f. guest, f 
conviva, Mart. Phr.: that which ts of 
f. occurrence, quod saepe (crebro), iden 
323 


FREQUENT, TO BECOME 


FRETFULNESS 


FRIEND 





tidem fit: Vv. OFTEN, FREQUENTLY. See 
also foll. art. 

frequent, to become: creébresco 
(crébesco), crébrui (bui), 3 (to follow 
thick upon each other): the wished-for 
gales grow f., c. optatae aurae, Virg. 
‘Aen. 3,530: Tac.: V. TO SPREAD (intr.). 
Simly. the comp. increbresco: this cus- 
tom which has become f., haec consue- 
tudo quae increbruit, Cic. Phil. 14, 5, 12. 

frequent (. ér.): 1. célebro, 1 
(of a number of persons): to f.a man’s 
house, domum hominis c., Cic. Mur. 34, 
qo: to f. the woods, silvas c., Ov. M. 10, 
703. Simly. the comp. concélébro : tof. 
banquets, convivia conc., Q. Cic. pet. 
cons. 11, med.: Plin. 9. fréquento, 
1 (also chiefly of a number): the con- 
versation of those who f. my house, ser- 
mones eornm qui fr. domum meam, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 21: cf. Sall. Cat. 14: v. TO 
HAUNT. 3, versor, 1 (to go about, be 
often in a place: with prep. or adv.) : 
he has not f’d the forum, nor the 
campus, nor banquets, non ad solarium, 
non in campo, non in conviviis versatus 
est, Cic. Quint. 18, 59: to f. this place, 
crebro hic v., Pl. Am. prol. 128. 4, 
obsideo, sédi, sessum, 2 (to beset): frogs 
Ff. ponds, ranae stagna obs., Plin.: v. To 
BESET. Phr.: to f. the Appian way 
(in a carriage), Appiam mannis terere, 
Hor. Epod. 4, 14: the lounger fs the 
portico, ambulator porticum terit, Mart. 
2, 11,2: to f. houses of ill fame, lus- 
trari, Pl.: Lucil. 

frequentative: fréquentativus: 
verbs which grammarians call f.s, verba 
quae appellant grammatici fr., Gell. 


9, 0. 
frequented, much frequented : 
1, céléber, bris, bre: a harbour 
very much f. and very full of ships, 
portus celeberrimus et plenissimus na- 
vium, Cic. Manil. 12, 33: v. CROWDED. 
2, fréquens, ntis (usu. of places at 
the time crowded or well attended): a 
muck f. place of trade, [celebre et] fr. 
emporium, Liv. 38, 18, ad jfin.: a f. 
road (fig,), fr. via, Ov. A. A. I, 585. 
Intens., perfréquens, Liv. 3. tritus 
(only of a road: lit. well-worn): tr. 
iter, Cic. Phil. i, 3,7: Sen. Phr.: J 
hate much-f. places, celebritatem odi, 
Cic. Att. 3, 7+ 
freauenter: 1. obsessur: af. of 
Forum, obs. fori, Pl. Ps. 3, 2, 18: Ov. 
9, fréquentator (not class.): a f. 
of entertainments, coenarum f., Tert. 
3, usu. better expr. by phr.: to be 
a constant f. of the schools, circa scholas 
assiduum esse, Suet. Tib. 11: to be a f. 
of the gambling-room, aleam_ studiose 
ludere, Suet. Cl. 33: the f.s of banquets, 
convivia celebrantes (cf. L. G. § 638). 
A f. of bawdy-houses, ganeo: v. DE- 
BAUCHEE. 
frequently: 1, crébro: to send 
s f., ¢. literas mittere, Cic. Att. 6, 
5: Ter. Q, fréquenter: to come f. to 
visit any one, ad aliquem frequenter (al. 
freqnentes) ventitare, Cic. Rep. 1, 9: 
not always, although most f., non semper 
etiamsi frequentissime, Quint. 2, 17, 36. 
3. fréquens (in agreement with 
subject of verb: see L. G. § 343): he 
was f. (regularly) at Rome, erat ille 
Romae fr., Cic. R. Am. 6, 16: to be f. 
present (attend regularly) in the senate, 
adesse frequens senatui, Tac. Ann. 4, 
55. 4, expr. by frequent. verb (L. G. 
§ 194): e. g., to come f. to any one’s 
vuse, ventitare ad alicujus domum, 
Gic.: to cry out f., clamitare, Phaedr. : 
YV. TO COME, etc. See alsO OFTEN. 
fresco: Phr.: to paint in f., udo 
colores illinere, Plin. 35, 7, 31. 
fresh: |. New, newly made or 
grown : 1, récens, ntis: f. tur/s, r. 
caespites, Caes.: f. flowers, r. flores, 
Hor.: f. blood, r. sanguis, Cat.: fish is 
“ad fur nothing unless f., piscis nequam 
atnisi r., Pl. As. 1, 3,26. Fig.: Dido f. 
Srom her wound, r.a vulnere Dido, Virg. 
‘Aen. 6, 450: f. in grief, r. in dolore, Tac. 


Ann. 3, I, fin. 9. vivus (still alive) : 
#, herbs, herbae v., Hor.: f. dews, v. 
Tos, Ov. Fast. 4, 778. 3, viridis, e 


324 





(green): f. cheese, v. caseus, Col. 4, 8, 
init.: f. roses, v. rosae, Pall. (v. Gesn. 
Lex. Rust. s.v.). Fig.: the f.and still 
sweet fruit of studies, v. et adhuc dulcis 
fructus studiorum, Quint. 12, 6, 3. 4, 
novus: while the morning is f., dum 
mane novum, Virg. G. 3, 325: Vv. NEW. 
Phr.; the praetor administered justice, 
F. from the plough, posito aratro praetor 
jura dabat, Ov. Fast. 1, 207. See also 
AFRESH, ANEW, I]. Untired, lively: 
1, intéger, gra, grum: an army in 
Jer condition, integrior exercitus, Nep. 
Eum. 9, etr.: Cic. Join: integri et 
recentes [milites], Caes. B. G. 5, 16. 
2. végétus (lively, vigorous): he 
rises f. to his prescribed duties, v. prae- 
scripta ad munia surgit, Hor. S, 2, 2, 81 
JF. and active (of the mind), v. acrisque, 
Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61. Join: recens ac 
vegetus, Liv. By anal., a f. colour, v. 
color, Plin.: v. LIVELY. 8. récens, 
ntis: in conjunction with some other 
adj., as integer, vegetus: v.supr. Phr.: 
a f. and green old-age, cruda viridisque 
senectus, Virg.: Tac. |], Not saline: 
dulcis, e: f. water, d. aqua, Hirt. B. 
Alex. 8: Luer. IV. Of winds, some- 
what violent: perh. acer, validus, véhé- 
mens (Vv. WIND). Phr.: a f. breeze 
astern, secundus ac ferens ventus, Sen. 
(v. FAVOURABLE): the wind blows up 
J., ventus increbrescit, Cic. Fam. 7, 20. 
freshen : |. Trans. to make 
fresh: recreo, 1: V. TO REFRESH. ll. 
Intrans., esp. of the wind: incre- 
bresco (-besco), crébrui (bui), 3: Cic. 
Fam. 7, 20. 
freshly; récenter: v. RECENTLY. 
freshman: 1, perb. tiro, Gnis: 
strictly, a raw soldier: also applied to 
young men who have just assumed the 
toga virilis, cf. Ov. f 3, 777: Suet. 
Ner. 7. 9. ndvitius or névicius (one 
new or fresh in any way): used of new 
slaves, Cic. in Pis, init. F 
freshness: 1. viriditas (lit. green- 
ness): f. of grief, v. [quaedam] doloris, 
cf. Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, 75: of the earlier 
part of life, cf. Cic. Am. 3, II. oF 
expr. by adj.: in the f. of morn, dum 
mane novum, Virg.: she is delighted 
with the f. of the flowers, *recentibus 
floribus delectatur: his poems want f., 
*parum vivida sunt carmina ejus (v. 
LIVELY): on account of the increasing 
J. of the gale,* propter increbrescentem 
ventum : Vv. FRESH. 
fret (subs.): mdlestiae: v. VEXATION. 
fret (v.): AO Trans: : |. Zo 
wear away: €rodo, attéro: v. TO WEAR 
AWAY, CORRODE. |], Zodistress: 1, 
sollicito, 1: there are a great many 
things which f. and worry me, multa 
sunt quae me s. anguntque, Cic. Att. 1, 
18, ad init.: what is it that ts f.ing 
you, quae res te s.? Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 10. 
2. macéro, 1 (a strong expr., to f. 
and waste away): why do I torment 
myself ? why do I f. myself, cur me ex- 
crucio? cur me m.? Ter. And. 5, 3, 15: 
Pi. 3, ango, anxi, 3; Vv. TO VEX. 
B. Intrans.: to distress oneself: 
1, ango, 3 (in pass., or with pron. 
refl.): to f. over one’s troubles, suis in- 
commodis (graviter) angi, Cic. Am. 3, 
Io: sometimes with auimo om animi: 
it is absurd of you to f. (about it), ab- 
surde facis qui te angas animi, PI. Ep. 
3, 1, 6: Cic. Fam. 16, 14 (animi angi). 
2. macéro, 1 (with pron. refl., or 
in pass.: v. supr. IL, 2): I have f/d 
enough with anxiety and tears, sat me 
cura lacrimisque maceravi, Pl. Capt. 5, 
I, 8: V. TO PINE. 3, ddleo, 2; v. TO 
GRIEVE, 
fretful: 1, mordsus (habitually): 
V. PEEVISH. Q, stOmiachOsus (showing 
irritable feeling): somewhat j. letters, 
stomachosiores literae, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 
4- V. QUERULOUS. 3. (of an infant) 
*in vagitum pronus. 


fretfully : 1, mordsé: v. PEE- 
VISHLY 2, stémachdsé - Cic. 
fretfulness: 1, mordsitas: v. 


PEEVISHNESS. Q, stémichus (chafing , 
vexed feeling): a letter full of f. and 
complaints, epistola plena stomachi et 








querelarum, Cic. Q. F. 3, 8, init.: ¥ 
QUERULOUSNESS. 

fretwork: caelatum opus, caela- 
tura; v. TO CHASE; CHASING. 

friability; friabilis natura: v. FRi- 
ABLE. 

friable: 1, friabilis, e: f. sand- 
stone, tr. tophus, Plin. 17, 4, 3 § 29 

2, piiter, putris, e (soft, crumbling) : 

f. stone, p. lapis, Plin. Ep. 10, 33 (48) 
2: V. CRUMBLING. 

friar: (lit. frater) coendbita, Hier. : 
Vv. MONK. 
_ friar’s-lantern: *fatuus qui dicitur 
ignis. 

fricassee: perh. sartago, inis: pro- 
perly a *rzing-pan; but the word is 
used fig. of a kind of prepared dish, 
Pers. 1, 60: ¥. TO FRY. 

friction: 1. fricatio: “hard and 
vehement J. doth constipate the body” 
(Hollané’s Trans.), vehemens enim fr. 
spissat corpus, Plin. 28, 4, 14: Cels.: v. 
RUSBING. 2. frictio: to apply f., fr. 
adhibere, uti, Cels. 2, 14. 3, tritus, 
ts, m. (hard rubbing, so us to bruise): 
we see fire struck out by the collision and 
FS. of stones, lapidum conflictu atque tr. 
ignem elici videmus, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25. 

4, attritus, ts (the rubbing of one 

thing against another): wood is rubbed 
against wood, and takes fire from the 
J., teritur lignum ligno, ignemque con- 
cipit attritu, Plin. 16, 40, 77. 5, at- 
tritio (= preced.): Capell. 6. expr. 
by verb: to construct a machine with 
the least possible amount of f., *ita ma- 
chinam comparare ut partes ejus quam 
minime inter se atterantur. 

Friday ; dies Veneris, Erasm. Coll. 

friend: |. 4 personal acquaint- 
ance: 1, amicus (the most gen. word) - 
your very old, not merely f., but even 
lover, tuus antiquissimus non solum a., 
verum etiam amator, Cic. Verr. 3, 63, 
148: to make f.s, parare a., Ter. Andr 
I, I, 39: @ greut, i.e., influential, f,, 
potens a., Hor. Od. 2, 18,12; magnus a., 
Juv. 3, 57: f.of the Roman people, a. 
Populi R., al. Populo R., Liv. 26, 50. A 
Female f., Amica (often = mistress): to 
desert your female f.s and relatives, 
tuas amicas et cognatas deserere, ‘ler. 
Hec. 4, 2, 16. Dimin. amicilus, Cic. : 
Hor.: Cat. 2. familiaris, is, c. 
(strictly an adj.: an intimate f.): in 
two days he became my intimate f., 
biduo mihi factus est f., Cic. Fam. 3, 1, 
2: he is one of my intimate f.s, est ex 
meis intimis f., Cic. l. c. extr.: often in 
super., to denote great intimacy. one of 
my most intimate f.s, unus ex meis 
familiarissimis, Cic.; C. Mucius, a very 
intimate f. of Scipio, C. Mucius Sci- 
pioni familiarissimus, Cic.: v. INTIMATE. 
A very intimate f., perfamiliaris, used 
both subs. and adj, as perf. meus, Cic 
Fam. 13, 513; perf Philisto, id. Q. Fr. 
2, 13, fin. 3. amator (a lover, hence 
a warmly attached f.): Paetus,a good 
man, and an attached f. (and admirer) 
of mine, P. vir bonus, a.que noster, Cic. 
Att. 1, 20, 8. 4, hospes, itis, m. ; 
Jem. hospita (a foreign f.; one con- 
nected as a guest or host: Gr. £€vos): 
this fact Caesar had learnt from his 
(foreign) f.s, id factum ex suis h. Caesar 
cognoverat, Caes. B. G. 5,6: a foreign 
J. of your family, h. familiae tuae, Cic. 
Am. II, 37: Vv. HOST, GUEST. Phr.: 
to be an intimate f. of any body, 
familiariter (familiarissime) cum aliquo 
vivere, Cic. Div. Verr. 29; aliquo 
familiariter uti, Nep. Phoc. evtr.: to 
make f.s with any one, conferre se ad 
amicitiam alicujus, Cic. Br. 81, 281: v. 
FRIENDSHIP. jj, A supporter, advocate 
of: 1, amicus (strictly, adj : with 
dat.): the f. of tyranny, a. tyrannidi 
(al. tyrannis), Nep. Dion, 3: @ greater 
J. to the freedom of all than to his own 
dominion, amicior omnium libertati 
quam suae dominationi, Nep. Milt. 3 
extr.: the tribunes are our f.s, tribuni 
nobis sunt a., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, extr. 
amator. Vv. LOVER (and comp. supr 
Tes): 8, diligens, studidsus (alice 
adjj.): V. FOND OF, DEVOTED TO. 


hed 





FRIENDLESS 


FRITTER AWAY 





friendless: expr. by amicus and an 
adj.: amicorum inops, Cic, Am. 15, 525 
inops ab amicis, Cic. Dom. 22, 58, and 
Att 1,1, 2 Phr: af. life, vita 
inculta et deserta ab amicis, Cic. Am. 
15, extr.: they (tyrants) cannot but be 
J. nullus (jis) locus amicitiae, Cic. Am. 


35,52. 
friendliness: 1 comitas: v. 
COURTESY, AFFABILITY. 2, himani- 


tas (friendly feeling and behaviour): 
Caesar's f. towards me is exceeding, 
Caesaris summa erga nos b., Cic. Fam. 
4, 13, 1. Phr.: with pretended f., 
simulato officio, Cic. Kosc. A. 38, 112. 
See also KINDNESS. 
friendly: |, Amiable, obliging: 
1, comis, e: f., kind, good-natured 
le, c., benigni, faciles homines, Cic. 
b. 16, 36: v. COURTEOUS. 2. bi- 
manus (characterized by refined, amiable 
Feeling): a most good-natured and f. 
man, homo facillimus atque humanis- 
simus, Cic. Att. 16, 16, c. See also 
KIND, AFFABLE. ||. Well-disposed to- 
wards; usu. foll. by prep. to: i 
Amicus (foll. by dat., or erga and ace.) : 
to have f. feelings towards any one, a. 
esse animo erga aliquem, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 
29: Cic. (for dat., v. FRIEND, II., 1): af. 
, mumen a., Virg.: Hor. P+, 
évolus (well-inclined towards: usu. 
by dat.): Cic.: v. WELL-DISPOSED. 
8. aequus: v. FAVOURABLE. Phr.: 
ina f. manner ,amice, familiariter : to be 
on very f. terms with any one, cum aliquo 
amicissime, familiarissime vivere, Cic. 
(¥. FRIEND, I., Phr.): f. behaviour, co- 
mitas, humanitas: v. FRIENDLINESS, 
friendship : 1, amicitia (most 
gen. term): J havea f. with..., est 
mihi a. cum..., Cic. Clu. 42, 117: we 
find also amicitia est inter...., Cic. Pl. 
33, 80; and esse in a. cum...., Nep. 
2: to form a f. with any oe, 
conferre se ad a. alicujus, Cic. Br. 81, 
281; ad a. alicujus accedere, Nep. Eum. 
1: to form f.s (iu gen. sense), amicitias 
comparare, Cic. Rose. A. 38, 111: lo 
break off a f., a. deponere, Cic. Am, 21, 
771; dimittere, ib. 21, init.; dissociare, 
ib. 20, 74: if suddenly, dirumpere, ib. 
22, fin. ; repente praecidere, Cic. Off. 1, 
33, 120: a firm f., stabilis, firma a., 
Cic.: fickle (shallow) f.s, leves a., Cic. : 
interested and hypocritical f.s, ambi- 
tiosae et fucosae a. Cic. Att. 1, 18, I. 
Q. familiaritas (intimate f.): I am 
on terms of most intimate f. with..., 
cum... mihi summa f. consuetudoque 
est, Cic. Fam. 13, 65: to be on terms of 
intimate f. with..., in intima f. ali- 
cujus versari, Cic. Balb. 26, 58; intima 
f. alicujus uti, Nep. Att. 9: fs of old 
standing, inveteratae f., Cic. Am. 10, 
35. Adv., on terms of intimate f., fami- 
liariter, e. g.. cum aliquo vivere, Cic. 
Am. 21, 77. 3, hospitium (with a 
foreigner, implying hospitable relations) : 
Ihave an old-standing f. with Lyso of 
Patrae, cum Lysone Patrensi est mihi 
h. vetus, Cic. Fam. 13, 19, init.: this 
man’s father had been on terms of f. 
with Pompey, Luic paternum h. cum 
Pompeio intercedebat, Cic. 
frieze: |. 4 coarse sluff: gausapa, 
ae, f., or gausipes, is, m.: Hor. S. 2, 8, 
11: Ov. Clothed in f., gausipatus, 
Sen.: a f. coat, gausapina, Mart. ll. 
In Architecture, the middle part of the 
entablature: zoéphorus: Vitr. 3, 5 (3), 


fo 


13 
; frigate: perh. *navis longa majoris 


‘ormae. 

fright (svbs.): pavor, terror: v. 
FEAR, TERROR. 

fright, take: 1, pavesco, 3. to 
take f. at every sound, omni strepitu p., 
Ball. Jug. 72: to take f. at a touch, ad 
tactum p Col. 6, 2, ad med. 92. ex- 
pavesco, 3 (stronger than simple verb); 
to take f. (in sleep) at any disturbance, 
ad tumultum aliquem exp., Plin. ro, 77, 
97: Liv. 6, 34, med. 8. consternor, 1 
(pass. refl.: esp. of animals): the horses 
take f. and disengage their necks from 
the yoke, consternantur equi, et colla 
jugo eripiunt, Ov. Met. 2, 314: a bull 








taking f. at the blow of the aze, taurus 
securis ictu consternatus, Suet. Gal. 18: 
they suddenly take f. and flee, repente in 
fugam c., Liv. 10, 43: V. TC FRIGHTEN. 

frighten: ], terreo, intens. per- 
terreo, 2: V. TO TERRIFY. * 2, expr. 
by métus, timor, and a verb: v. FEAR. 
To be f.’d may often be expr. by pavesco, 
expavesco: v. preced. art. 

— away: absterreo, 2: to f. away 
geese from corn, de frumento anseres 
abs., Pl. See also TO DETER. 

frightful : 
V. TERRIBLE. 9. foedus (of any thing 
revolting, offensive): a f. gash, f. cica- 
trix, Hor. S. 1, 5, 60: a f. wound, f. 
vulnus, Ov. Met. 12, 366: Liv.: a f. 
tempest, f. tempestas, Flor. 3, 5, 18: cf. 
Liv. 21, 58, foeditas Alpium. 

frightfully: 1, terribilem in mo- 
dum, horrendum (poet.): v. FEARFULLY, 
TERRIBLY. 2. foedé (revoltingly) : 
to lacerate (the limbs) f., f. laniare, Tac. 
H. 1, 41: cf. Virg. Aen. 10, 497. Some- 


times the adj. foedus may be used (L.G. | 


§ 343): the wounds gajped more f,, 
‘oediores patebant plagae, Liv. 38, 21, 
med. 

frigid: |, Lit.: frigidus: v. corp. 

Il. Fig., of temperament, style, etc. : 

frigidus: no f. maiden, non fr. virgo, 
Ov. Am.2,1,5 jokes brought from home 
(ready made) are apt to be f., ridicula 
domo allata plerumque sunt fr., Cic. Or. 
26, 89 (v. FLAT, I1.): tame in speaking, 
and almost f., lentus in dicendo et 
paene fr., Cic. Br. 48, 177: f. and child- 
ish affectation, f. et puerilis affectatio, 
Quint. 4, 1, 77. Dimin. frigidiusculus 
(somewhat f.), Gell. 3, 10, fin. 

frigidity: expr. by adj., there was a 
f. about his style, *orationi ejus nonnibil 
frigidi inerat: v. L. G. § 270. 

frigidly : 1. frigidé: to doa 
thing f., aliquid f. agere, Cic. Fam. 8, 
10,2: to praise any one sparingly and 
f., aliquem exigue atque fr. laudare, 
Gell. 19, 3. 2. lente (with coolness, 
indifferently : less strong than preced.: 
cf. Cic. Fam. |. ¢.): Vv. COOLLY. 

frill; perh. instita (the plaited border 
of a Roman lady’s dress) ; or, segmenta: 
V. FLOUNCE. 

fringe: j, fimbriae, arum: the 
border of a cloak (is called) f., in sagis 
extrema, fimbriae, Varr. 5, 12, 7% 
Fig.: f.s of curls, cincinnorum f., Cic. 
in Pis. 11, 25. 9. cirrus (lit. a curl: 
hence any thing similar): a tunic with 
hanging f., tunica c. dependentibus, 
Phaedr. 2, 5, 13, 8. limbus (poet.): 
a golden f. (or border) surrounded the 
cloak, chlamydem 1. obibat aureus, Ov. 
Met. 5, 51: Virg. 

fringed: fimbriatus: he wore a 
broad-striped tunic, f. at the hands, 
usus est clavo lato ad manus f., Suet. 
Caes. 45. Fig.: f. leaves, f. folia, Plin. 
21, 15, 55. 

fringe-maker: limbolarius, Pl. Aul. 
3,5, 45. 

fripperer (rare): a dealer in old 
clothes : scrutarius (a dealer in old things 
of all sorts), Lucil. in Gell. 3, 14. 

frippery: |. Lit.: old clothes: 
scruta, drum (old wares): to seil f., s. 
vendere, Lucil. in Gell. 3, 14: Hor. 
Phr,: to deal in f., scrutariam facere, 
Apul. ll. Fig.: rubbish, trifles: 
quisquiliae, arum (meut. quisquilia, 
Petr.): ¥. REFUSE (subs.), TRIFLES. 

frisk: 1, lascivio, 4 (to frolic 
wantonly): the lamb leaps and f.s in 
its flight, exsilit agnus l.que fuga, Ov. 
Met. 7, 321. 9. salio, exsilio, 4: v. 
TOLEAP, BOUND. 3, luxtirio, 1 (poet.): 
the fang horse, equus luxurians, Virg. 
Aen. LI, 497. 

frith: 1. aestiiarinm, Tac. Agr. 
22: 9. fréitum (any narrow 
sea): Cic.: V. STRAIT, SKA. 

fritter (subs.): perh. laginum, Hor. : 
¥. PAN-CAKE. 

— away (v. tr.): i.e. to waste 
away bit by bit: 1, dissipo, 1 (to 
scatter abroad): to f. away one’s pro- 


1, terribilis, terrificus: | 








perty. rem familiarem d., Cic.; v. TO) 


SQUANDER, WASTE. 


9, contéro, trivi, - 


FROM 


tritum, 3 (to wear out): tc unwillin, 
to f. away one’s lifetime over law-saits 
nolle aetatem in litibus c., Cic. Leg. 1 
20, 53. 8, comminuy, i, itum, 3 (lit 
to break small); to f.away a weight o 
silver and gold, argeuti pondus et auri c. 
Hor. S. 1, 1,43. Phr.: tof.away one's 
powers, *viribus suis quasi illudere: v 
TO TRIFLE WITH. 

frivolity: 1, lévitas (any light, 
undignified conduct): given to amatory 
J.s, amatoriis 1. deditus, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 
61. 9, niigae: v. TRIFLES. 

frivolous: |. Esp. of persons 
characterized by frivolity : 1, niga- 
tor (cf. Cie. Sen. 9, 27): @ worthless, f 
person, nibili homo et n., Gell 15, 2, 
init.: af. little work, n. libellus, Auson. 
Idyll. 11, pref.: v. TRIFLER, (Nugax 
occurs, in somewhat diff. sense, Cael. in 
Cic. Fam. 8,15.) 2, lévis, e (wanting 
gravity and dignity): trifles win J 
minds, parva |. animos capiunt, Ov. 
A. A. 1,159: cf. Pl. Men. 3, 2, 23. 3 
expr. by circuml, nugarum studiosus 
nugis deditus, etc.: V. TRIFLES. ll. 
Of things, esp. statements, arguments 
having no weight or worth: 1, fn- 
volus (silly, empty: not in Cic.): f. 
discourse, f. sermo, Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16: 
a f. and empty quibble, f. et inanis ar- 
gutiola, Gell. 2, 7: Sen. 2. futilis, e 
(worthless, futile): f. and fanciful opi- 
nions, f. commenticiaeque sententiae, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 18: f. (petty) joys, f 
laetitiae, Cic. Tusc. 5,6, 16. 3, ni 
gatorius (futile; not to the point): Cic. 
V. GROUNDLESS, NUGATORY. 4, inanis, 
e@: v. EMPTY, VAIN. §. lévis, e: v. 
UNIMPORTANT, TRIFLING. 

frivolously ; perh. nigatorié: cf 
Auct. Her. 4, 36, 48. 

frizzle: |]. To curl: crispo, con- 
crispo, I: V. TO CURL. Il. Zo broil: 
asso, I: V. TO ROAST. 

frizzled (part. adj.): 1. cala- 
mistratus (dressed with curling-trons) : 
Ff. hair, c. coma, Cic. Sext. 8, init.: af 
dancer, c. saltator, Cic. post Red. 6, 13. 

2, cincinnatus (curled, in whatever 

way): af. rake, c. ganeo, Cic. ib. 5, 12. 

fro (adv.): only in phr. to and f, 
huc (et, atque) illuc; ultro citro; ultro 
citroque; ultro ac citro: v. HITHER AND 
THITHER. 

frock: stdla (a garment worn by 
ladies over the tunic, and reaching to 





frog: rana: 
A (poor) little f., ranunculus, Cic. Div 
I, 9. 15. 

frog-fish: 1, b&trichus: Plin. 

9, rana piscatrix (fishing-frog) : 

Plin. 

frolic (subs.): 1, ludus: v. spoRT, 
PLAY. Q, lascivia (exuberant, wan- 
ton f.): vV. GAMBOL, Full of f., ludi- 
bundus, Liv. 24, 16. 

frolic (v.): 1, lado, 3: v. To 
PLAY, SPORT. Q, lascivio, 4 (exule- 
rantly, wantonly: often of animals) : 
¥. TO GAMBOL, FRISK. 

frolicsome: idibundus (only of 
persons ; and not denoting an habitual 
quality), lascivus (sportive): Vv. PLAY- 
FUL, SPORTIVE. 

frolicsomely : expr. by lidibundus 
(v. L. G. § 343): Liv. 24, 16, med. 

frolicsomeness : !“scivia: ¥. SPORT- 
IVENESS. 

from: AA. expr.byaprep.: 1, 
most usu. equivalent, a (only before 
consonants), ab (chiefly before vowels), 
abs (rare and only before t, q): with 
abl.: (a). of place: he came f. the 
shores of Troy, Trojae venit ub cris, 
Virg.: f. his toe-nails to his very crown, 
ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem 
summum, Cic they are not far f. the 
territories of the Tolosates, non longe & 
Tolosatium finibus absunt, Caes.: to be 
carried far away f. land, procul a terra 
abripi, Cic, (v. FAR FROM): at a distance 
of 15 miles f. (the enemy), a millibus 
passuum quindecim, Caes.: and fig. of 
any kind of separation: fo secure the 
city f. con/lagration, ab incendio urbem 
munire, Sull.- ¢o defend a citizen J. dan- 


325 


FROM 


FRONT 








ger, civem a periculo defendere, Cic.: to 
keep oneself f. falling, se a lapsu susti- 
nere, Liv. free f. all expense, ab omni 
sumptu liber, Cic : to differ widely f. 
the customs of “aul, multum a Gallica 
consuetudine differre, Caes.: what does 
this differ f. that, quid hoc ab illo dif 
fert? Cic. (b). of time: they were 
drinking f. the third hour, ab hora 
tertia bibebatur, Cic.: f. the very be- 
ginning, jam inde a principio, Pl.: all 
the way from Romulus, usque a Ro- 
mulo, Cic.: f sunrise till late in the 
day, ab sole orto in multum diei, Liv. : 
f. a boy, f. a little boy, a parvo, a par- 
vulo, etc., Liv.: Ter.: so, to begin f. 
(where we say with) Jove, a Jove in- 
Sipere, Cic. (¢). of source, origin, or 
motive: a thing which derives its origin 
J. itsel/, quod ipsum a se oritur, Cic. : 
to derive one’s origin f...., originem 
ducere ab..., Hor.; originem trahere 
ab..., Plin. (v. TO DERIVE): to do a 
thing f. singular affection for any one, 
a(in this sense, more usu. ex, propter, 
pro: v. BECAUSE OF} singulari amore 
facere aliquid, Balb. in Cic. Att. 9, 7, B: 
Liv. (passim). 2. dé, with abl 
(denoting stric‘ly descent from a point 
above, but used in other senses) (@). of 
place: he issues a proclamation jf. the 
tribunal, de tribunali pronuntiat, Cic. : 
she bawls aloud from the street, clamat 
de via, Ter, Andr. 3, 2, 11 (@ via would 
imply that she was away from the 
street): to emigrate f. their own terri- 
tories, de suis finibus exire, Caes. B. G. 
I, 2: a declaimer f. the schools, decla- 
mator de schola, Cic. (6). of time 
(rare). f. the very beginning, de prin- 
cipio, Cic. Sull. 24, jin. (but a principio 
is more usual): to look out f. day to day, 
diem de die prospectare, Liv. 5, 48: to 
put a thing off f. day to day, diem de 
die differre, Liv. 25, 25. (c). of change 
trom former state or condition: f. 
(being) a temple to become a prison, de 
templo carcerem fieri, Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 
init.: to make a man a prisoner f. a 
king, aliquem captivum de rege facere, 
Just. 7, 2. (a). of material: v. or. 
(e). of cause or motive: gait slow f. his 
wound, passus de vulnere tardus, Ov.: 
Ff. which cause, qua de causa, Caes.: Cic. : 
V. FOR, ON ACCOUNT OF. 8, ex, before 
consonants @, with abl. (= from within, 
out of: comp. de, supr. 2, a): they fol- 
lowed Caesar f. the capital (where he 
had been), Caesarem ex urbe secuti 
sunt, Caes.: to take water f. a petty 
spring, aqguam ex fonticulo sumere, Hor. 
S. 1, 1, 55 (but just before, magno de 
flumine, as denoting the source): light- 
ning sent f. the sky, fulmen e coelo de- 
missum, Lucr.: to dismount f. one’s 
horse, ex equo desilire, Caes. (but de 
rheda desilire, Cic. Mil. 10, 29): to plead 
one’s cause f. prison, ex vinculis causam 
dicere, Caes. B. G. 1, 4: to espy f. the 
higher ground, ex [= de] loco superiori 
conspicari, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: f. on horse- 
back, ex equis, Caes. B.G. 1,43. (6). of 
time, denoting a more immediate con- 
nexion than ab: f. this time forward, 
ex hoc tempore, Cic. Quint. 5, jin.: f. 
the time when [ever since] he was a 
hostage at Rome, ex quo obses Romae 
fuit, Liv. 40, 5: f. your youth (upward), 
ex [more usu. a] tua adolescentia: f. 
that day to this, ex ea die ad hanc diem, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, 34: Hor. Od. 2, 1, 1: 
to keep waiting f. day to day, diem ex 
die exspectare, Cic. Att. 7, 26, ad fin. 
(c). of change f. a former condition: f. 
being my slave I made you my freed- 
man, feci e servo ut esses libertus 
mihi, Ter. Andr 1,1, to: Cic. (@). of 
material: the flour made f. beans, ex 
faba farina, Cels.: v. oF. (e). Of source, 
origin, cause, motive : elephants f. India, 
ex India elephanti, Liv.: he directed 
that the city should be called Rome f. 
Ais own name, urbem e [de] suo nomine 
Romam nominari jussit, Cic. Rep. 2, 7: 
tll f. a@ wound, ex vulnere aeger, Cic. 
Rep. 2, 21: f. the excessive power of 
sovereigns arises the overthrow of princes, 
ex nimia potentia principum oritur in- 
326 











teritus principum, Cic. Rep. 1, 44: f- 
which it follows, ex quo fit, efficitur, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 43, etc. 4. propter (only of 
cause). V. BECAUSE OF, B. expr by 
a case without prep. : 1. ablative: 
(a). of motion froma place: f. home, 
J. the country, domo, rure, Cic.: simly, 
in the case of names of towns and small 
islands, see L. G. § 261. (b). of origin, 
after ortus, driundus, satus, ete. (L. G. 
§ 310): sprung f. the equestrian order, 
equestri loco natus, Cic.: thou sprung 
f. Saturn, orte Saturno, Hor.: v. DES- 
CENDED. (Cc). of cause (L.G. § 311, 
sqq.). to be pale f. luss of blood, amisso 
sanguine pallere, Ov.: to do a thing f. 
a kind of hatred of one’s fellow-men, 
odio quodam hominum aliquid facere, 
Sall.: to redden f. the sun’s rays, solis 
radiis rubescere, Virg. 9, dative: 
(a). of remoter object, after verbs signi- 
fying to takeaway from any one: Cavsar 
toole f. Deiotarus his kingdom, Caesar 
Deiotaro regnum eripuit, Cic.: to wring 
tears f. a man, lacrimas alicui excutere, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, I, 115. v. TO TAKE 
Away, etc. (b). after verbs signifying 
to differ f., as distare, discrepare (rare 
and poet.): Vv. TO DIFFER. 8, geni- 
tive: (a). after a subs. or adj. signify- 
ing freedom or separation from: as, 
rest f. cares, requies curarum, Cic. (Vv. 
L. G. § 263): free f. all dangers, expers 
omnium periculoruin, Cic. (v. L. G. § 
276, Obs. 2). (b). after a verb of se- 
paration (rare and poet.): released f. 
toil, solutus operum, Hor. Od. 3, 17, 
16. cease f. complaints, desine quere- 
larum, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 17: Pl. C. by 
anadv.of place: 1, the advv. formed 
from demonstrative prons. and other 
words, to denote the place f. which : as, 
f. this place (where I am), hine: f. that 
place (where you are), istinc: f. that 
place (yonder), illinc: f. the said place, 
inde: cf. Cic. Att. 7, 21, init., eo die ego 
Capua discessi et mansi Calibus. Inde 
has literas dedi. f. what place, unde 
(v. L. G. p. 88, 3): Vv. HENCE, THENCE, 
WHENCE. From all sides, undique, Cic.: 
Virg.: f. within, without, intrinsecus, 
extrinsecus, Cic. (V. WITHIN, WITHOUT) : 
f. the foundations, funditus, Cic. (v. 
FOUNDATION): f. afar, procul. (v. FAR.) 
9, the advv. of time; esp. inde, /. 
that time: all along f. the beginning of 
this empire, jam inde a principio hujus 
imperii, Cic. prov. cons. 13, 33: f. his 
very cradle, jam inde ab incunabulis, 
Liv. 4, 36, fin. Miscell. phr.. to in- 
crease f. day to day, in (singulos) dies 
crescere, Cic. (v. DAILY): to go round 
f. tent to tent, tentoria circumire, Tac. 
Ann. 1, 28, med.: f. family to family, 
per familias (e. g. circumire), Pl. Truc. 
2, 4, 56: f. district to district, per re- 
giones, Col. 3, 21, init.: ef, per domos 
invitati, Liv. 1, 9, med.: I shall be 
obliged to you to congratulate your wife 
Jf. me, gratum mihi feceris si uxori tuae 
meis verbis eris gratulatus, Cic. Fam, 
15,8: Liv. to hinder a person f. doing 
anything, aliquem prohibere, deterrere 
quominus, with swbj.: v. TO HINDER, 
DETER, etc. (v. L.G. § 463). 
front (subs.): i.e. the fore part of 
anything : 1, frons, ntis, f.: he 
draws up his forces in f. of the camp, 
copias ante f. castrorum instruit, Caes. 
B. C. 3, 37 (asomewhat unusual expr.): 
he proceeded with a straight f. to battle, 
aequa f. ad pngnam procedebat, Liv. 36, 
44, init.: he stationed eight cohorts in 
the f., octo cohortes in f. constituit, 
Sall.: in f. and on the left,a f. et ab 
sinistra parte, Caes. B.G. 2, 23: the f. 
of a house, f. aedium, Vitr. Q, prior 
pars: v.FoRE. 8, (milit. ¢. ¢.) prin- 
cipia, orum (the troops who in forming 
line of battle would be next the enemy) : 
immediately behind the f., post pr., Sall. 
Jug. 5¢ (v. Long ad L.): Liv. 4. 
primum agmen (of troops marching) : 
Sall.: Liv.: v. vAN. Phr.: in f. of, 
or from the f. of, pro (with abl.) : 
in f. of all the temples, pro templis 
omnibus, Cic. Mil. inzt.: to annownce 
anything from the f. of a plutform, 





FROWARDNESS 





aliquid pro suggestu pronuntiare, Czs, 
B. G. 6, 3: Cic. See also BEFORE, OPPO- 
SITE TO. Sometimes in front may be 
expr. by adversus (adj.): as, a wound 
in f. (opp. to in the baci), adversum 
vulnus, Cic. Harusp. resp. 19, 40: in 
the f. of the body, adverso corpore, Cic, 
Verr. 5, 1, 3: in f. of each other, ex 
adverse (of armies), Suet. Caes. 39, med. ° 

ust. 

front (adj.): 1, anticus: the f. 
door of a house, anticum (se. ostium), 
Fest. in Forcell. s. v.: v. FORE. 9. 
primoris, e- the f. part of a house (the 
atrium), pars domus p., Gell. 16, 5: the 
J. line, p. acies, Tac. H. 3, 21, extr. 

3. prior, us; primus: v. FORE. 

front (v.): aspecto, 1 (to look to- 
wards) : Vv. TO FACE, COMMAND (II1.). 

frontage: frons, ntis, 7. : a thousand 
yee in f., mille pedes in f., Hor. 5. 
Liptay Les 

frontier: finis, terminus: v. BOUN- 
DARY. 

fronting ( prep.) : adversus: v. FAC- 
ING, OPPOSITE TO. 

frontispiece: *pictura a primori 
parte libri insculpta; or perh. pictura 
primoris: cf. Gell. 1, 18 (in primore 
libro). 

frontlet: esp. for horses: frontalia, 
ium, .: Liv. (ef the head-dress of ele- 
phants, 37, 40): Plin. 

frost: 1, gélu, is, . (also used 
concr. for ice: q. v.): to be frozen up with 
the keen f., acuto g. consistere, Hor. Od. 1, 
9,4: the forms gelus and gelum also oc- 
cur: ne gelus noceat, Cato, R. R. 40, extr. ; 
venenum enim gelwm radicibus tenellis, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 45; but not in the best 
writers. 92, gélatio (a frost: rare): @ 
severe f., magna g., Plin. 17, 27, 37 9 
233. 8, gélicidium (= preced.: a term 
freq. in the writers on husbandry): to 
be-assailed by f.s, gelicidiis [pruinisve} 
infestari, Col. 2, 8, med.: (a bough) ex- 
posed to f., ad gelicidium retectus, Varr. 
R. R. 1, 55, tit.: Cato. 4, pruina: 
v. HOAR-FROsT. Sometimes frigus (fri- 
gora) may be precise enough, esp. poet. : 
cf. Ov. Fast. 1, 149, ete.: ¥. COLD. 

frost-bitten: 1, praeustus (al 
the extremities) : f. Limbs, pr. artus, Liv. 
21, 40: Plin. 9, ambustus (frozen 
all over): the limbs of many were f. 
through the intensity of the cold, a. mul- 
torum artus vi frigoris, Tac. Ann. 13, 
35. Neut. pl. absol., ambusta (frost- 
bites), Plin. 28, 2, 5, extr. 3. adustus 
(as if singed; nipped): lion’s fat cures 
J. limbs, leonis adipes sanant adusta ni- 
vibus, Plin. 28, 8, 25. 4, expr. by 
verb, as praetiro, idiro, and (intrans. 
praerigesco: the feet of many were f. 
by the coldness of the snow, rigor nivis 
multorum pedes adussit, Curt. 6, 3, 
med. : a soldier was sof. that his hands 
adhered to their burden, and came off 
from his arms, ita miles praeriguit ma- 
nus, ut oneri adhaerentes, truncis bra- 
chiis deciderent, Tac. Ann. 13, 35, med. 

frost-bound: qui (quae, quod) gelu 
constitit : v. TO FREEZE. 

frosty: gélidus: in winter the at- 
mosphere is cold and f., coelum est hieme 
frigidum et g., Plin. Ep. 5. 6, 4: a f. 
night, g. nox, Virg.: f. December, g. 
December, Ov.. v. COLD, FROZEN. 

froth (subs.): 1, sptma: v. FOAM. 

2. (of fermentation) flos, floris, 

m.: Col.: v. Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v. 

froth (v.): ]1, spumo, I v. TO 
FOAM. Q. (of the f. of fermentation) 
fldreo, 2: if the wine begins to f., si 
vinum fl. incipiet, Col. 12, 30. v. pr 


art. 
frothy: |. Lit.: spiimeus: v. 
FOAMY. Il. Fig. : =inflated; empty 


and noisy: spimosus: a f. poem, sp. 
carmen, Pers. I, 96: V. INFLATED, BOM- 
BASTIC. 

froward: pertinax, difficilis: v. oB- 
STINATE, PERVERSE. 

frowardly: perversé, pertinaciter: 
Vv. OBSTINATELY, PERVERSELY. 

frowardness: mores difficiles ac 
perversi, pravi: V. OBSTINACY, PERVEBSE- 
NESS. 


. 
» 





FROWN FRUITFUL 


FRUSTRATE 





frown (subs.): 1, contractio (with 
some explanatory word): there was such 
gravity in his eye, such a (solemn) f. on 
his brow, tanta erat gravitas in oculo, 
tanta c. frontis, Cic. Sext. 8, 19: froma 
relaxing or a contracting of the brow, 
i.e. a f., ex superciliorum aut remis- 
sione aut c., Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146. 4. 
vultus, is, m. (lit. a look; but often 
denoting an angry frowning look, even 
without an adj.): the f. of the threaten- 
ing tyrant, v. instantis tyranni, Hor. 
Od. 3, 3, 3: comp. id. Sat.1, 6,121. 3, 
frons adducta: comp. Sen. Ben. 1, 3,5: 
Vv TO FROWN. 

frown (v.): 1, frontem (stper- 
cilia) contraho, xi, ctum, 3: he f.’d, fr. 
contraxit, Cic. Clu. 26, 72: supercilia 
contrahere, Quint. II, 3, 79- 9, fron- 
tem addiico, xi, ctu, 3: he f.s, he turns 
away his face (on being asked a favour), 
f. adduxit, vultum avertit, Sén. Ben. 1, 
1, 5: Quint. Phr.: your countenance 
contracts wrinkles and f.s, vultus tuus 
colligit rugas et trahit frontem, Sen. 
Ben. 6, 7, 1. 

frowning (@4j.): contractus, adduc- 
tus: a f. brow, contracta supercilia, 
Quint. : v. TO FROWN. 

frowningly : expr. by pbr., contrac- 
tis superciliis, adducta fronte, etc.: v. 
TO FROWN. 

frozen (part. adj.) : 1, glacie 
concretus: Virg. G. 1, 236: Liv. 21, 36, 
extr.: simly, frigore concretus, Ov. Tr. 
3, 10. 32. Q, rigidus (stiff, hard: 
chiefly poet.): the f. earth, r. tellus, 
Virg. G. 2, 316: cf. Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 48: 
but in either case the emphasis is upon 
the Aard, moveless nature of that which 
is frozen. 3, gélu rigens: Phaedr. 
4, 19: Liv. 21, 32, med. (animalia in- 
animaque omnia rigentia gelu): rigens 
also occurs absol., Mart. 14,117: aquam 
potare rigentem (al. recentem): Claud. 

4, glacialis, e: v. cy. Yo be f,, 

(frigore) rigere, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69: 
Luer. (v. sup7.): to become f., rigescere, 
Virg. G. 3, 363 ; concrescere, conglaciare, 
etc.: Vv. TO FREEZE (11.). 

fructification: |. The act of 
maleing fruitful: expr. by ger. of 
fécundo, etc.: v. TO FERTILIZE. Il. 
The reproductive parts of a plant : perh. 
*fecundae partes: or *fructificatio: as 
scient. ¢. t. 

fructify: fecundo, 1: 
TILIZE. 

ugal : 1, frigi (indecl.: being 

strictly a dat.: often in wider sense = 
honest): for comp. and sup., frugalior, 
frugalissimus; 7. living, victus frugi, 
Quint. 5, 10,27: a woman so f. and. so 
chaste, mulier tam frugi, tamque pudica, 
Hor. S. 2, 5,77: this man lives rather 
stingily: let him be called f., parcius 
hic vivit: frugi dicatur, Hor. S. 1, 3, 
49: a f. dinner, coena frugi, Plin. Ep. 
3,1, 9: an excellent farmer, very econo- 
mical, very moderate, very f., optimus 
colonus, parcissimus, modestissimus, 
frugalissimus, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 287: 
sometimes bonae frugi is found, Cic. 
Att. 4, 8, b.: Pl.: v. TEMPERATE. 2. 
parcus: Vv. SPARING. 3, attentus: 
(careful; looking attentively after one’s 
property): you seem to me too harsh 
and f., durus nimis a.que videris, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 7,91: @ f. life, vila a. [et rusti- 
cana], Cic. Rose. A. 15, 44. 4, dirus 
(without luxury or indulgence): ct. 
Ter. Andr. 1, I, 4, parce ac duriter 
Vitam agere: v. HARDY. 6, diligens: 
V. CAREFUL. 


















































economically): Cic. Join: parce ac 
duriter, Ter. Ad. 1, I, 20; parce, con- 
tinenter, severe, sobrie, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 
106. 2. frigaliter (in wider sense: 
comp. FRUGALITY, 3). Pl. Join: 
parce, frugaliter vivere, Hor. S. 1, 4 
107: V. HONESTLY. 8. duariter (with 
hardness, opp. to luxuriously): Join: 
parce ac duriter, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 20. 
fruit: 1, fructus, is (any kind 
of produce, esp. that of trees: used in 
most senses of the Eng.): spring shows 
the promise of f., the remaining seasons 
are adapted for cropping arel housing 
it, ver ostendit futuros fr. ; reliqua tem- 
pora demetendis fr. et percipiendis ac- 
commodata sunt, Cic. Sen. 19, 70: the 
fs of trees, arborum fr., Quint. 8, 5, 26: 
vines laden with 7., graves fructu vites, 
Quint. 8. 3, 8: of animals: a cow begins 
to bear f. from two or three years old, 
vacca a bima aut trima fructum ferre 
incipit, Varr.:; V. PRODUCE, OFFSPRING. 
Fig.: the f. of studies, studiorum fr., 
Quint. 8, pref. § 26: to receive the f. of 
diligence, diligentiae fructum recipere, 
Cic. Br. 62, 222. Q. frux. frigis, /. 
(usu. in pl.: the produce of the soil im 
general: rarely used of the fruit of 
trees) the earth teeming with f.s, terra 
feta frugibus, Cic.: the cultivation of 
the soil amd the housing of the f.s of the 
earth, cultus agrornm perceptioque fru- 
gum, Cic. Rep. 2,14: the tree is bowed 
down with f., curvatur frugibus arbos, 
Col poet. 10, 39: v. PRODUCE. Fig.: 
that precocious kind of minds seldom or 
never comes to any f., illud ingeniorum 
velut praecox genus non temere un- 
quam pervenit ad frugem, Quint. 1, 3, 
3. the f.s of industry, industriae truges, 
Cic. Cael. 31,76: v. RESULT. 3, fétus, 
iis (produce: oftener of the yield of 
flocks): the trees grow and are laden 
with f., arbores crescunt fetuque gra- 
vantur, Lucr. Fig.: f. of the mind, 
f. animi, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 68. 4. po- 
mum (any round-shaped f., such as an 
apple, peach, plum): @ region abound- 
ing neither in f.s nor in grapes, regio 
nec pomo feta nee uvis, Ov. Pont. 1, 7, 
13: the f.s lie scattered hither and 
thither eack under its tree, strata ja- 
cent passim sua quaeque sub arbore 
p., Virg. E. 7, 54: all the foliage and 
t. (of the palm) is at the top, coma 
omnis in cacumine et p. est, Plin. 13, 
4, 7 § 30: acorns cannot be reckoned 
amongst f.s, glandes inter p. numerari 
non possunt, Plin. 15, 24, 26. a 
bacca or baca (any berry-lile frutt): 
the careful husbandman plants trees of 
which he will never behold the f., arbores 
serit diligens agricola quarum adspiciet 
baccam ipse nunquam, Cic. Tuse. 1, 14, 
31: the f.s of trees and produce of the 
soil, arborum baccae terraeque fruges, 
Cie. Sen. 2, 5. Phr.: to veap the f. 
of folly or wickedness : plector, 3 : what- 
ever folly the kings commit, the Achaeams 
reap the f. of, quicquid delirant reges, 
plectuntur Achivi, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 14: 
we are only veaping the f. (of our folly). 
merito plectimur, Phaedr., 1, 31, &t7.: 
in many things we reap the f. of neg- 
ligence, multis in rebus negligentia plec- 
timur, Cic. Am. 22, 85. 
fruit-bearing : 1, frigifer: v. 
FRUITFUL. 9, pomifer, éra, rum (as 
trees: V. FRUIT, 4): @ f.-bearing tree, 
p. arbor, Plin. 12, 3, 7: f--bearing 4u- 
tumn, p. Auctumnus, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 11. 
8, friigiférens (poet.): j.-bearing 
lands, terrae fr., Luer. 1, 3. 4, fruc- 


v. TO FER- 


frugality : 1, parsimonia. how | tuarius: v. FRUITFUL (4). 
great a fortune is f., quam magnum fruiterer; pomarius, Hor. S. 2, 
vectigal sit p., Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49: v. | 3, 227. 
EcoNoMY. Join: parsimonia et dili- fruitery: i.e. @ store-house for 


Fruit: iL pomarium (more freq. 
orchard: q.v.): Plin. 15, 16,18. 2, 
dpordthéca (dmwpobyxn): Varr. R. R. 


fruitful: — 1. 


gentia, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87. Q. diligen- 
tia (carefulmess; in whatever sphere) : 
Cic. l. c.: Vv. ECONOMY. 8, frigalitas 
(used by Cie, in wider sense, as inclu- 
ding honesty, sobriety, etc., Tusc. 3, 8, 
16): any falling short in income is 
made good by f., quod cessat ex reditu 
frugalitate suppletur, Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 3: 
Petr.: v. HONESTY. fi ; 
frugally : 1, parce (sparingly, 








5, 31> V. FERTILE. 9. friigifer, éra, 
éram (actually yielding fruit): not all 
fields are f. which are cultivated, agri 
non omnes f. sunt qui coluntur, Cic. 
Tuse. 2, 5, 13: Quint.: f. harvests, f. 
messes, Ov. Fig.: all philosophy is f. 
and priductive, tota philosophia f. et 
fructuosa (est), Cic. Off. 3, 2, init. - 
fructudsus (actually yielding jruit in 
abundance): a field however Jertile 
cannot be f. without cultivation, ager 
quanivis fertilis sine cultura fr. esse 
non potest, Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13: Caes.: 
J. vine-shoots, fr. palmites, Col. 5, 5, 
med.: Vv. PRODUCTIVE. Fig.: advan- 
tageous, q. Vv. 4, fructuarius (fruit- 
bearing as opp. to bearing merely leaves 
or flowers): a f. vine-shoot, palmes f., 
Col. 5, 6, ad jfin.: Plin.: f. eyes (buds) 
of the vine, f. oculi vitis, Col. 3,18: f. 
branches of the olive, f. rami oleae, Col. 
5,9, ad jin. 5, fertilis, e (which de- 
notes capacity for fruitfulness, not ac- 
tual bearing of fruit: v. supr. 3): v. 
FERTILE, férax, acis: (strictly 
= fertilis, but chiefly used of lands ac- 
tually productive): to render kgypt 
more f., Aegyptum ut feraciorem red- 
deret, Suet. : 7. plants, f. plantae, Virg. 
Cic.: v. FERTILE. 7. fetus (— tecun- 


dus, but chiefly poet.). v. TREMING. 
8, fructifer, éra, érum: Col. 9, 
uber. v. FERTILE, PRODUCTIY! 10. 


felix, icis (poet.): f. boughs, f. rami, 
Hor. 

fruitfully : 1. fécundé: Varr. 
Plin. 9. féraciter: Fig.: of the 
growth of a city, more luxuriantly and 
more f., laetius feraciusque, Liv. 6, 1. 

fruitfulness: 1, fécunditas: nature 
has laid down a Vile law of f. Jor vege- 
tables, for men, and for other animals, 
Natura parem legem f. dixit virentibus, 
atque hominibus, ceterisque animali- 
bus, Col. 3, 8, init.: f. of fields, f. agro- 
rum, Cic.: to impart f. to fields, f. agris 
dare, Cic.: wine imparts f. to women, 
vinum feminis f importat, Plin. 4, 18, 
22: so, f. afferre, dare, addere, Plin. 
Fig.: f. of mind, f. animi, I’lin. pref. 
§ 5. 9. fertilitas: v. FERTILITY. 

3, ibertas: v. PRODUCTIVENESS. 

fruit-garden: pomarium: Varr.; 
Hor. : v. ORCHARD. 

fruition; V. ENJOYMENT. 

fruitless: |. Lit.: stérilis, cas- 
sus: V. UNFRUITFUL, BARREN. il. 
Fig.: without result : 1, irritus (in 
Cic.=invalid, without legal effect): a 
Jf. undertaking, i. inceptum, Liv. 29, 
36, extr.: f. gifts, i. dona, Virg. G. 4, 
519: f. prayers, i. preces. I'lin. Jun.: ¥. 
VAIN. Q, infructudsus (rare): f. en- 
treaties, inf. preces, Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 6: 
a f. campaign, inf. militia, Tac. H. 1, 
51: see also USELESS. Phr.: to under- 
take a f. labour, actum or acta agere 
(prov.), Cic. Fam. 9, 18; Am. 22, 85: 
after f. attempts to accomplish a pur- 
pose, infectis iis quae quis destinaverit, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 33. 

fruitlessly : 1, frustra, néquic- 
quam, incassum: Vv. VAIN (IN). a: 
cassé (very rare): jf. to waste time, c, 
tempus’ terere, Liv. 24, 26, med. S 
irritus (in agreement with subject: ef, 
L. G. § 343): he f. presses upon lim 
with varied assaults, varils assultibus 
irritus urget, Virg. Aen. 5, 442: Ae re- 
turned as having f. undertaken the 
embassy, ille ut irritus legationis, rediit, 
Tac. H. 4, 32, extr. 4, re infecta: 
Liv. 9, 32: v. preced. art. fin. 

fruit-tree: 1, pomum:; to plant 
olives, elms, fig-trees, f.-trees, oleas, ul- 
mos, ficos, poma, serere, Cato R. R. 28: 
to graft f.-trees, poma inserere, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 5, 35: Virg. 2. pomus, i, /.: 
‘Lib: 2; I, °43- 3, expr. by adj. with 
arbor, as pomifera arbor: Vv. FRUIT- 
BEARING. 

frustrate: _ 1. dirimo, émi, emp- 
tum, 3 (to break off, disconcert): to f 
an undertaking, rem susceptam d., Cic, 
Leg. 2, 12, 31: V. TU BREAK OFF (A, IIL.) 
N.B—Not, of course, to be used with 
ref. to persons.  , disciitio, ssi, ssum, 
3 (to upset, “knock on the head"’): I 


227 


o-/ 


FRUSTRATION 


FULL 


FULL 





had f.d the whole affair, rem totam dis- 
cusseram, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, init.: to f. 
the designs of the enemu, consilia hos- 
tium d., Front. Strat. 4, 7, 31. BY 
disturbo, 1 (to upset): to f. a marriage, 
nuptias d, Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 11: to f. 
and pervert a law, legem d. atque per- 
vertere, Cic. Agr. 2, 37, Ior. 4, in 
pass.; to be f.d: frustra esse: no plan 
or undertaking of his was ever f.d, cu- 
jus neque consilium neque inceptum 
ullum f. erat, Sall. Jug. 4, extr.: Liv. 
2, 25: we must exert ourselves that they 
may be f.d, annitendum est ut illi f. 
sint, Sall. Jug. 85, ad init.: v. TO DIS- 
APPOINT. 5, also in pass.: expr. by 
ad or in irritum and a verb: vy. TO’FAIL 
(LI, 5.). (N B.—Not frustror in this 
sense: laborem frustrari however oc- 
curs in Col. pref. med.: in Cic. frustror 
is to disappoint, cheat, deceive.) 

frustration : 1, frustratio (usu. 
implying deception: cf. Liv. 38, 25, 
where it =feint, stratagem : also id. 3, 
245 where f. legis tollendae =a trick to 
evade the law): Planc. in Cic. Fam. 10, 
23, ad fin. 9, expr. by ger. or part. : 
“surely the f. of their hopes could not 
but enrage them’’ (South), *immo fieri 
non potuit, quin spe destituti dolore 
atque ira afficerentur (exardescerent) : 
on account of the f. of that plan, di- 
rempto eo consilio, etc.: v. TO FRUS- 
TRATE, DISAPPOINT. 

fry (subs.): |, Liit., the nwmerous 
progeny of fish: examen, inis,n.: Pliny 
has examina piscium of the multitudes 
of small fish carried up into the air, as 
he supposes, with water, 31, I, I: V. 
SWARM. Sometimes siibiles may suf- 
fice: V. OFFSPRING. il. OF human 
beings (contemptuously): perh. quis- 
quiliae, arum (lit. refuse) : the f. of the 
Clodian cabal, q. Clodianae seditionis, 
Cic. Sext. 43, extr. The f. of common 
people, plebéciila, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 6: 
Hor.: popellus, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 65. 

fry (v.): frigo, xi, ctum, 3: eggs f.’d 
in oil, ova fricta ex oleo, Plin. 29, 3, 11 


§ 44: Hor. Se 

frying-pan: _ 1. sartago, inis, f. : 
Juv. to, 64: Plin. Q. frétalé, is, n.: 
Apic. 4, 5. 


fuddled: témiilentus, ébrius: v. 1n- 
TOXICATED. 

fudge (interj.): gerrae! Pl. As. 3, 
3,10... 

fuel: 1, ligna (wood for burn- 
ing): they use cow-dung for f., fimo 
bubulo pro lignis utuntur, Liv. 38, 18: 
Hor. 9. crémia (sticks): v. FIRE- 
woop. 8, Alimentum (lit. nowrish- 
ment: poet.): pitch and wax, and other 
things that serve as f. to the flames, 
picem et ceras alimentaque cetera flam- 
mae, Ov. Met. 14, 532: cf. arida nutri- 
menta, Virg. Aen. 1,175. To get f. (milit. 
t.t.): lignor, 1: Caes.: Liv. Phr.: to 
add f. to the flames (prov.), oleum ad- 
dere camino, Hor. S. 2, 3, 321: when the 
minds of the soldiers were already on 
fire, Maevius Pudens had as it were 
added f. to the flames, flagrantibus jam 
militum animis, velut faces addiderat 
M. P., Tac. H.1, 24. Tiiy. uses faces in 
the sense of dry sticks, 22, 16. 

fugitive (adj.): |. Flying quickly : 
fagax: the f. yeous, f. anni, Hor.: v. 
FLEETING. I]. Running away, that 
has run away: 1, figitivus (esp. 
of slaves): v. RUNAWAY, and foll. art. 

9. profugus: f. household gods, f. 

penates, Prop. 4, 1, 39: V. foll. art. 

fugitive (subs.): 1, profiigus, /. 
profuga (from country and home: 
strictly adj.): give help to the f., pro- 
fugo affer opem, Ov.: a f. by destiny, 
fato pr., Virg.: af. from home, domo pr., 
Liv, With gen.: Tiridates a f. from 
his kingdom, T. regni prof., Tac. Ann. 15, 
he 9, fiigitivus (a term of contempt 
and reproach): Jugurtha a f. from his 
dominions, J. regni f., Flor. 3,1, 12: Hor. 
(In Cic. only of fugitive slaves: v. RUN- 
AWAY. 8, extorris, is, c. (expa- 
triated): v. eExiLeD. N.B.—Though 
the adj. profugus appears not to occur 
in Cic., the verb profugio is freq.: as, he 

328 








became a f. from his kingdom, ex suo 
regno profugit, id. Manil. 9, 23. 

fugitiveness : *fugax natura : 
FUGITIVE. 

fulcrum: of a lever: pressio: the 
Ff. which the Greeks call wrouoxaAcov, pr. 
quod Graeci wz. appellant, Vitr. 10, 3 

8), 2. 
‘ yal: i.e. to accomplish fully: 1, 
expleo, évi, Gtum, 2: to f. the office of 
Srtendship, amicitiae munus exp., Cic. 
Am. 19, 67: to f. the duty of writing, 
exp. officium scribendi, Cic. Fam. 16, 
25: tof. a commission, mandatum exp., 
Gai. Dig. 16, 1, 27. 2. impleo, 2 (less 
strong than preced.): to promise what 
you cannot f., id profiteri quod non 
possis i., Cic. Clu. 18, 51: to f. a pro- 
mise, promissum i., Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 6: 
Tac.: to f. the prophecies, vaticinia i., 
Lact. 3. fungor, perfungor, nctus, 3 
(with abl.): v. TO DISCHARGE. 5 
praesto, stiti, stitum, 1 (to make good ; 
as, a promise; to meet any legal call 
or responsibility) : I at least will f. my 
duty to the commonwealth, ego certe 
meum reip. officium praestitero, Caes. 
B. G. 4, 25: Cic.: v. TO PERFORM. by 
exséquor, cutus, 3: Vv. TO CARRY OUT. 
See also foll. art. 

fulfilled (part. adj.): of hopes, 
prayers, etc.: ratus: she prays that her 
visions may be f., r. sint sua visa pre- 
catur, Ov. Met. 9, 703: may the god- 
dess cause your prayers to be f., efficiat 
ratas diva preces, Ov. F. 1, 696: drunk- 
enness bids hopes be f., ebrietas spes 
jubet esse r., Hor. Ep. 1,5, 17. Phr.: 
how many of their predictions are f., 
quota quaeque res evenit praedicta ab 
iis? Cic. Div. 2, 24, 52: if at any time 
some dream has been f., si quando ali- 
quod somnium verum evaserit, ib. 53, 
init. 

fulfilment: Vv. ACCOMPLISHMENT : 
often best expr. by ger. or part.: e.g. 
“with what confidence ought we to wait 
Jor the f. of all his other promises” 
(Blair), *quam fidenter exspectare opor- 
tet donec cetera sua promissa rata fa- 
ciat, impleat: v. TO FULFIL. August. 
has completio prophetiae, in sense of 
S. of prophecy. 

fuliginous: filigineus, filiginosus : 
Vv. SOOTY. 

full: |. Filled with; abounding 
in: 1, plénus (with gen. or less fre- 
quently abl.: half-full, sémiplenus, 
Cic.: Liv.): in most senses: (a). lit. 
filled with: a gar f. of guild, aula auri 
pl. Pl.: purses f. of silver, zonae pl. 
argenti, C. Grac. ap. Gell. (b). abound- 
ing in: Gaul is f. of Roman citizens, 
Gallia est pl. civium Romanorum, Cic. : 
a house f. of chased plate, domus pl. 
coelati argenti, Cic.: a life f. of plea- 
sures, vita pl. voluptatibus, Cic. Fig. : 
Sf. of deceit, fraudis pl., Pl.: f. of busi- 
ness, pl. negotii, Cic.: f. of anger, pl. 
irae, Liv.: Iam f. of expectation about 
Pompey, pl. sum exspectatione de Pom- 
peio, Cic.: what country in the world 
ts not f. of our sufferings, quae regio in 
terris nostri non pl. laboris? Virg. 
(c). fully fed, fully supplied: a dor- 
mouse with Ff, body, nitedula pl. corpore, 
Hor.: you were f. with very little, pl. 
eras minimo, Oy.: Verres had departed 
J. (of wealth), Verres pl. decesserat, 
Cic.: a f. table, pl. mensa, Virg.: a f. 
banquet, pl. convivium, Suet.: a /. 
vine, i.e. loaded with grapes, pl. vitis, 
Ov.: I have received three letters from 
you; one short, two fuller, tres a te ac- 
cepi literas: unam brevem; duas ple- 
niores, Cic.: a fuller speech, plenior 
oratio, Cic.: f. of years, plenus annis, 
Plin. (d). of sounds; opp. to thin, 
meagre: a f. voice, [grandis et] pl. vox, 
Cic. Br. 84, 289: Quint.: fuller syllables, 
pleniores syllabae, Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28. 
(e).=complete: a f. dnd entire year, 
pl. annus atque integer, Cic. Mil. 9, 24: 
the f. number, pl. numerus, Cic. Rep. 
6,12: now marriageable with f. years, 
pl. jam nubilis annis, Virg. Aen. 7, 53: 
the f. moon, luna pl., Caes.: Vv. MOON. 

2, replétus (well-stocked with, pos- 


Vv. 


sessing in abundance; with abl. and 
less freq. gen.: in Cic. only as part.): 
ahorn f. of fruits and fragrant flowers, 
cornu pomis et odoro flore r., Ov. M. 
G, 87: an island f. of forests, insula r 
silvis, Plin. 12, 10, 21: paths f. of boys 
and women, r. semitae puerorum et 
mulierum, Liv. 6, 25. 8. réfertus 
(crowded with, abounding in: with abl. 
or gen.): villas f. of ornament, villae 
ornamentis r., Cic. Verr. 4, 57, 126: a 
wax tablet f. of marks, cera Yr. notis, 
Ov. A. I, 12,8: a house f. of gamblers, 
domus aleatoribus r., Cic, Phil. 2, 29, 
67: Gaul is f. of merchants, r. Gallia 
negotiatorum est, Cic. Font. init. Fig.: 
a life f. of good things, vita r. bonis, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 31, init.: letters f.of the 
greatest possible kindness, literae r. 
omni officio, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, init.: 
poems f. of insults, carmina r. contu- 
meliis, Tac. 4, fréquens, ntis (crowd- 
ed: sometimes with abl.): the Nile is 
J. of wild animals and monsters, Nilus 
(est) feris et belluis fr., Plin. 5, 9, 10 
) 53: Liv.: absol., a f. senate as- 
sembled, senatus fr. convenit, Cic. Fam. 
To, 12, med.: in a very f. senate, fre- 
quentissimo senatu, Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99: 
Vv. CROWDED, 5, créber, bra, brum 
(with abl. : crowded with, thick with): 
a grove f. of reeds, c. arundinibus lucus, 
Ov. Fig.: f. of sentiments, thoughts 
(of a speaker), c. sententiis, Quint. 10, 
I, 102: Thucydides is f. of matter, 
Thucydides c,. est rerum frequentia, Cic. 
de Or. 2,13, 56: you know that of late 
everybody has been f. of this, how that 
I, etc., scitis per hos dies creberrimum 
fuisse sermonem, me, ete., Cic. Phil. 14, 
5, 14. 6. densus (with abl.: thick 
with): the Tiber f. of eddies, Tibris 
vorticibus d. Ov. F. 6, 502. Fig.: 
Euripides f. of sentiments, thoughts, 
E. sententiis d., Quint. 10, 1, 68. 
Phr.: a tract of land f. of brushwood, 
ager arbustis consitus, Sall. Jug. 53: 
standing corn with f. and close ears, 
seges spicis uberibus et crebris, Cic. 
Fin. 5, 30, 91: the moon was f., lit., 
visible all night, luna pernox erat, Liv. 
, 28: to be f. of anything, i.e., to be 
ever talking of it, habere aliquid in 
ore, Cic. Fam. 6, 18, extr.: everybody is 
f. of it, in ore est omni populo, Ter. 
Ad. T, 2, 13 (see also, supr. I, 6): 
—Full of may sometimes be expressed 
by means of a deriv. adj.: e.g., f. of 
joy, laetabundus, Gell. : f. of frolic, lidi- 
hundus, Liv. (comp. Gell. 11, 15): f. of 
wine, vindlentus, Cic.: for which, v. 
JOYFUL, FROLICSOME, etc.: to the f., 
Vv. COMPLETELY. {l. Satisfied with 
food: satur, tira, tirum (with gen.): fe 
of all kinds of good things inside, intus 
omnium rerum s., Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3: f. 
of dainties, altilium s., Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 
35: absol., a f. guest, conviva s., Hor. 
S. 1, 1, 119. 2, plénus: v. supr. (i, 
Uc): Ill. Fully sufficient: as, a f. 
supply: satis, affatim (cum gen.): v. 
ABUNDANT. |, Complete: 1, ple- 
nus, Cic.: ve supr. (I, 1, @.). 9, in- 
téger: v. ENTIRE. 3. justus (of 
proper or normal dimensions): a f. 
consular army, j. exercitus, Liv. 9, 43: 
Caes:V. REGULAR. 4 solidus (whole, 
unbroken) : the f. interest, usura s., Cic. 
Att. 6, 1, 3: to receive f. pay for only 
half a year’s service, militia semestri 
s. stipendium accipere, Liv. 5, 4, med. : 
af. year, s. annus, Liv. 1, 19: as subs.: 
the f. sum, solidum: so as to pay every- 
body his f: share, ut s. suum cuique 
reddatur, Cic. Rab. Post. 19, 46: by 
sync. soldum, Hor. S. 2, 5, 65. V. Ol 
speed: plénus: he marches them at 
J. pace up the hill, pl. gradu in col- 
lem subducit, Sall. Jug. 98: Liv. 4, 32, 
ad fin. Fig.: toenter (on one’s studies) 
at f. speed, pl. gradu ingredi, Treb, in 
Cic. Fam. 12, 16. Phr.: at f. speed 
(denoting haste), citato gradu, Liv. 28, 
14, ad fin.; c. agmine, id. 29, 50, 
init.: at f. gallop, citato equo, or in pi., 
citatis equis, Liv. 1, 57; incitato equo, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 15: adv. at fF. s § 
citatim (v. rare), Hirt. B. Afr. 80. YJ 








FULL-BLOWN 


r — 


Of sounds: as, a f. tone: 
voice may be either f. or thin, est (vox) 
et pl. et exilis, Quint. 11, 3, 15: Cic.: 
vy. supr. (i, 1, d.). Vil. Of dress : 
with ample folds: fisus: a f. toga, f. 
toga, Suet.: v. FLOWING. Vill. Of 
colour: deep, rich: situr (color): Plin. 
37, 10, 61: Sen. 
full-blown: |. Lit.: of flowers: 
Hpertus: v.oven. |], Fig.: making 
a show, inflated: perh. tiimidus : /.- 
blown honour, t. honos, Prop. 2, 24, 31: 
a heart f.-blown with ambition, t. cor, 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 213. Phr.: his extraor- 
dinary vanity became more and more 
J.-blown, mirus animo increvit tumor, 
Just. 11, 11, fin. 
full-bodied, Plr.:.f.-bodied wine, 
plenum vinum, opp. to tenue, Cels. 1, 
6; vinum firmum (that will keep tts 
flavour), Virg. G. 2, 97: Gell. 
full.cared: Phr. a /f.-eared crop, 
s spicis uberibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 30, a 
eal fed : ], sawur: vy. FucLL (IL). 
Q. plenus: v. Fuvt (I, 1, ¢.). 
full-grown : 1, adultus: f.- 
grown virgins, virgines a., Cic.: a f.- 
grown son, filius a., Suet.: a step-son 
now f.-grown, privignus adultus aetate, 
Sall.: Cic.: so of animals, plants, etc., 
F.-grown young of dolphins, a. catuli del- 
phinorum, Plin. : f.-grown hair, a. crinis, 
Stat. Fig.: when Athens was now not 
in her infancy, but f.-grown, non nas- 
centibus Athenis, sed jam a., Cic. Br. 7, 
29: f-grown conspiracy, a. conjuratio, 
Tac. Ann. 15, 73- 9, excrétus (rare, 
and only of animals) : animals that are 
J.-grown, animalia [non tenera sed] ex., 
Lact. 2,11, med. , 8, piibes or puber, 
Gris (strictly, only of men or women, 
and having reference to marriageable 
age): usu. as subs., all the f.-grown 
males are wont to assemble in arms, 
omnes p. armati convenire consuerunt, 
Caes. B.G.5, 56: to put all the f.-grown 
population to the sword, omnes p. inter- 
ficere, Caes. B.C. 2, 13: Sall. Fig. 
(poet.), a stalk with f.-grown leaves, 
puberibus caulis foliis, Virg. Aen. 12, 
413. 4, tempestivus (in its ripe 
season: not used of human beings ex- 
cept poet.): a /.-vrewn pine-tree, t. 
pinus, Virg. G. 1, 256: f.-grown matu- 
rity, t. maturitas, Cic. Sen. 2, 7: a f.- 
grown maiden, t. viro virgo, Hor, Od. 1, 


23, extr. 
full-length: Phr.: a f-length 





trait, *imago totius hominis figurae. | 


full-moon: pléniliinium, Plin. 12, 
32, 15: more freq. expr. by plena (luna), 
pernox: V. MOON; FULL. 

full (v. tr.): i.e. to thicken cloth as 
do fullers : diro, 1: Pl. As. 5, 2, 57. 

er (subs.): fullo, Onis,m,: Plin. : 
Mart.: the trade or art of a f., ars ful- 
ldnica (al. fullonia), Plin. 7, 56 § 196: 
or simply fullonica, Pl. As. 5, 2, 27: 
fuller’s earth, creta fullonica, Plin. 

fullery; i.e. a fuller’s shop or mill: 
fullonica (-Onia), Ulp. 3), 3, 3, imtt.: 
in pl., fullonica, orum, ib. 7, 1, 13, ad 

(subs.): V. FULLER, 


jn. 
fulling 
fulling-mill: v. FULLery. 
fully: j. To the full, completely : 
1, pléné: to accomplish anything f. 
and completely, p. cumulateque aliquid 
perficere, Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3: Vv. COM- 
PLETELY, ALTOGETHER. 2. amplitér 
(rare): f. engaged, a. occupatus, Pl. Cist. 
2,3, 54: Gell. [I]. Of writing; as, to 
treat f.: 1. COpidsé : to speak f. on 
any subject, c. de aliqua re dicere, Cic. : 
v.coprousLy. Q, late (opp. to concisely 
or with compression) : to speak rather 
more f. i any subject), latius di- 
cere, Cic. Fin. 2,6, 17: Vv. FREELY and 
infr. 8. abundanter (with full, 
ample treatment): to speak copiously 
and f., copiose et a. loqui, Cic. de Or. 
2, 35, extr.: to prove f., a. demonstrare, 
Auct. Her. 3, init. 4. fisé (at large, 
JSreely: often with some other word): 
to speak f. and at length, f. lateque di- 
cere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 57: and v. sqq. 
5, abérius, uberrimé (more /., 
most f.. the positive is not used): to 


plénus: a 


FUME 





discuss more f. and more at large, ube- 
rius fusiusque disputare, Cic. N. D. 2, 
7, 20; latius et uberius, Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 
extr.: to treat a point most f., locum 
uberrime tractare, Cic. 
inate (v. tr.): i.e. to launch 
(as; thunderbolts: Fhr.: to f. (some- 
thing) against any one, fulmen quod- 
dam in aliquem intentare [mittere, 
conjicere]: the dictatorial authority had 
been f.d against them, dictatorium ful- 
men in se intentatum, Liv. 6, 39: tof. 
reproaches and menaces against one, 
probra alicui et minas intendere, Tac. 
Ann. 3, 36. 
fulmination: perb. verborum ful- 
mina, Cic. Fam. 9, 21; or, minae: v. 
THREATS, 
fulmine: i.e. to thunder and 
lighten (fig.): inténo, fulgiiro: v. To 
THUNDER, 
fulness: |. The condition of 
being full: plénitas (rare): the f. of 
the clouds, i, e., of moisture, nubium pl., 
Vitr. ||. Abundance, riches : 
ibertas: f., variety, copiousness of 
speech, orationis u., varietas, copia, Cic. 
al, I, 3: V. COPIOUSNESS. 2. copia: 
Vv. ABUNDANCE, COPIOUSNESS. (N.B.— 
Not plenitudo in this sense; which 
however occurs in Vulg. Joh. i. 16: de 
plenitudine ejus nos omnes recepimus.) 
II]. Of sounds, opp. to meagreness, 
thinness: pl@nitido: cf. Auct. Her. 4, 
20. IV. Of colour, deepmess, rich- 
ness: satitritas: Plin. 9, 39, 64. (N.B. 
—In most senses, fulness may be expr. 
by an adj.: to have great clearness and 
J. of voice, *voce admodum clara plena- 
que [praeditum] esse: v. FULL.) 4 
some: i.e. offensive: perh. puti- 
dus (lit. of offensive smell): a word used 
by Cic. of any extravagance or affecta- 
tion which becomes disgusting: v. A¥- 
FECTED. In speaking of jlattery, hu- 
milis or infimus may do: af. flatterer 
of the queen, humillimus assentator 
Teginae, Vell. 2, 83: most f. protesta- 
tions, infimae obsecrationes, Tac. Ann. 
I, 12. 
fulsomely : 1, perh. himiliter 
(grovellingly): cf. Liv. 24, 25: servire 
humiliter. Q, serviliter (in an abject, 
slavish manner): Tac. H. 1, 36. 
fulsomeness: expr. by adj. or 
adv.: a@isliking such f. of flattery, 
*aversatus tam humiles [{parumque 
liberales] assentationes ; nolens se adeo 
humiliter adulari. 
fumble: 1, exploro, 1: her hand 
Js for the way in the dark, ex. caecum 
(manns) iter, Ov. Met. 10, 455. a 
tento, praetento, I: v. TO FEEL. (But 
the above do not convey the accessory 
idea of confusion, awkwardness : it may 
perh. be expr. by adding trepidanter or 
trepide, rustice, etc.: Vv. HURRIEDLY, 
AWKWARDLY.) 
fumblingly : perb. trépidanter (in 
an alarmed, confused manner): Suet. 
Ner. 49; or titiibanter (as one stumb- 
ling and tripping): v. FALTERINGLY. 
Sometimes tentabundus (feeling the 
way, step by step), in agreement with 
subj.: cf. Liv. 21, 36, init. 
fume (svbs.): |, Volatile vapour 
rising from some substance: balitus, 
us, m. (in sing.): the f.s front lead-fur- 
naces are noxious, plumbi fornacium h. 
noxius, Plin. 34; 18,50: the f.sof Avernus, 
h. Averni, Val. Fl. (v. EXHALATION): 
of the f.s of wine from the mouth of 
drunkards, ex ore ebriorum h. cadi, 
Plin. 14, 22, 28 § 142: v. BREATH. =|, 
The after effects of wine (see also supr. 
1,): craptila: to sleep off, get rid of, the 
f.s of wine, cr. edormire, exhalare, Cic. 
Phil. 2,12, 30; cr. amovere, Pl. Ps. 5, 
1, 46; cr. discutere, Plin. 21, 20, 83. 
ll. Fig.: the fs of passion, ira, 
pl. irae (v. ANGER): the f.s of anger 
subside, defervescit ira, Cic. Tuse. 4, 
36, 78; deflagrat ira, Liv. 40, 85 ira 
evanescit, Sen. Ir. 1, 8, 6. 
fume (v.): chiefly used fig., to be 
hot with anger: 1, exaestuo, 1: he 
Js with rage, mens (ejus) exaestuat ira, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 798: grief conjined fs 


FUNDAMENTAL 





within, inclusus dolor ex. intus, Ov. Tr 
Bik, 03; 2. stomrichor, « (only with 
personal subject): to f. and be put out, 
st. et moleste ferre, Cic. Fam. 15, 16: 
Ter.: V. TO RAGE. 
fumigate: 1, suffio,4: tof. and 
purify houses, domoe +. el purgare, Plin. 
25, 5, 21: the wine-cellar must be f.d 
with sweet perfumes, cella vinaria bonis 
odoribus suffienda, Col. 12, 18, med. 
Q, faimigo, 1: to f. (purify) hives, 
alvos f, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, ante med.. 
to f. poultry-houses, gallinaria f., Col. 
8. suffamigo, 1 (to f. from be- 
neath): to f. a hive from beneath, al- 
vum suf. Varr.: to f. vessels from 
| beneath, vasa suf., Col.: Cels. 4. 
vaporo, 1 (poet.): to f. a temple with 
incense, templum tnre v., Virg. Aen. 
11, 481. Phr.: to f. hives by setting 
cow-dung on fire, ut fumus immittatur 
[alvis]} factus incenso bubulo fimo, Col. 
g, 14, mit. 
igation : 1, suffitio: Col: 
Pl. . Suffitus, is, m.: Plin. 3. 
expr. by verb: to purify by f., fumo 
immisso purgare, €tc.: Vv. TO FUMI- 
GATE. 
fumitory: capnos, i, f.: Plin. 25, 
13, 99. (Fumaria, Linn.). 
fun: jécus, lidus: vy. sport, Joke. 
Phr.: what’s f. to you is death to us, 
quod ridiculum est tibi, nobis sane mo- 
lestum est, cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 66, 148: he 
thinks lam made just for his f.and 
gratification, sibi me pro ridiculo ac 
delectamento putat, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 
eatr.: to make f. of any one, aliquem 
ludificari, ludibrio habere (v. FOoL, 
phr.): tell me what was the next f. you 
had, illa redde mihi, quae deinceps ri- 
sisti, Hor. S. 2, 8, 80: what f. we would 
have had, quantum lusissemus, risisse- 
mus! Plin. Ep. 1, 15, 3. 
function : 1, officium (special 
work): the f. of body (matter), of. cur- 
poris, Lucr. 1, 337: the f. of an orator, 
of. oratoris, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 138: Vv. 
DUTY. 9. minus (task, responsibi- 
lity): a lofty f., grande m., Hor. Od. 2, 
1,11. In pl., minia, only in nom. and 
acc., occurs in same sense: to fuljil the 
fs of a leader, m. ducis implere, Tac. 
H. 1, 62: Cic.: Liv. 3. actio (law- 
ful course of procedure on the part of a 
magistrate): a consular f., Liv. 4, 55, 
init. 4, pars, partes: Vv, PART, PRO- 
VINCE. 
functionary : migistratus, Us: v. 
MAGISTRATE, OFFICER. 
fund: |. A stock of money; esp. 
in revenue: Phr.: areserved f.,aurum 
in sanctiore aerario ad ultimos casus 
servatum, Liv. 27, 10: a f. of wealth 
amassed, collecta pecunia, Hor. Ep. 1, 
10, 47: -V. MONEY. |]. In pl. the 
public funds, the credit of the nation: 
perb. *publica fides, or syngraphae 
publicae (v. CREDIT, BOND): to put 
money in the f.s, *pecuniam fide pub- 
lica sumpta collocare, mutuam dare: fo 
call in money from the fs, *pecuniam 
f. publica collocatam religere (v. TO IN- 
VEST, CALL IN): the f.s are high or low, 
*f. publica stat, jacet ; syngraphae pub- 
licae majoris, minoris stan. —— [Il. 
Fig.: as, a f. of learning, of wit, ete.: 
Phr.: he had an inexhaustible f. of 
wit, *facetiae in eo erant inexbaustae ; 
this work contains a vast f. of learning, 
refertus est liber multiplici variaque 
doctrina, comp. Suet. Gr. 10, med.: an 
amazing f. qf material for the speaker, 
mirabilis copia dicendi, Cic. Top. 18, 67. 
fundament: 1. anus, i, m™.: 





Cie.: Cels. 2. podex, Icis, m. : Hor. : 
Juv. 3, ciilus, i, m.: Cat: Mart, 
4, sédes, is, f., sing. or pl. (“the 
seat’’): Plin. 23, 3, 373 22, 21, 29- 
(N.B.— Podex and culus are obscene 
terms.) 
fundamental: perh. primus or ul- 
timus (standing at the point farthest 
back in the chain of causes): the f. 
bodies, i. e., the Epicurean atoms, cor- 
pora pr., Lucr. 1, 62: J. causes, ultimae 
causae, Hor. Od. 1, 16,18. F. principles, 
principia orum: ¢.g., pr. juris, naturag 
9? 
29 


FUNDAMENTALLY 


Cic.: v PRIcIPLE. Phr.: to take this 
(doctrine) as a f. principle, hinc ex- 
ordia sumere, Lucr. 1, 150: Vv. FOUN- 
DATION. 

fundamentally; pénitus, omnino: 
V. ALTOGETHER. Phr.: things f. dif- 
ferent, adversis frontibus pugnantia, 
Hor. 8. t, t, 103 todiffer f. in opinion, 
non nomine [specie] solum sed re dif- 
ferre, cf. Cic. Acad. 2, 5, 15 

fund-holder; *qui pecunias fide 
publica collocatas habet. 

funeral] (swbs.): 1, finus, éris, 
nm. (the most comprehensive term). to 
celebrate a person’s f., f. alicui facere, 
Cic. Clu. 9, 28; ducere (with ref. to the 
f. procession), Cic. Quint. 15, 50. to 
perform the due rites for a jather's f., 
paterno f. justa solvere, Cic. R. Am. 8, 
23. to celebrate a f., f. celebrare, Liv. 
8, 10, ad jin.: to attend a f., venire (if 
of a number of people, convenire) in f., 
funeri operam dare, Cic.: prodire in 
funus, ‘ler. Andr. 1, 1,88° an honour- 
able f., f. honestum, Nep.: a common 
(opp. to honourable) f., f. translaticium, 
Suet. Ner 33, extr.: f. procession, 
pompa funeris, Cic. 9, justa, orum 
(with or without funebria, the regular 
J. ceremonies : V. FORMALITIES) : to per- 
form the ceremonies of j., j. funebria 
conficere, Cues. B. G. 6, 19; funeri j. 
solvere, Cic. (v. supr.); j. praestare, 
persolvere, Curt.; j. peragere, Plin. 

3, exséquiae, arum (the f proces- 
sion and obsequies): to be deprived of 
burial and the ceremonies of f., sepul- 
tura et justis exsequiarum carere, Cic. 
Leg. 2,17, 12: to atterd any one’s f., 
prosequi exs. funeris, Cic. Clu. 713 if 
out of respect to the dead, convenire ad 
ex. cohonestandas, Cie. Quint. 15, extr.: 
to celebrate any one’s f. (formally), ex. 
celebrare, Liv. 25, 17, jin.: to honour 
with a royal f., ex. regio more facere, 
Just. 38, extr. 4, supréma (the last 
honours: a late exor.): to celebrate the 
J. of soldiers, s. militibus solvere, Tac. 
Ann. I, 61, init.: the f. of Augustus, 
Nero, etc., s. Augusti, Neronis, Tac. 
5, dona ultima (poet.): cf. d. ulti- 

ma ferre, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 50: Val. Fl. 

funeral (adj.) : 1, fiinebris,e: f. 
rites, f. justa, Caes. B. G.6, 18, extr. (al. 
funeribus): a f. oration, f. contio, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 84,341: a f. feast, garments, 
etc., f. epulum, vestimenta, Cic.: a /f. 
ode, f. carmen (=nenia), Quint (N.B. 
—Funebris has often the sense of la- 
mentable, deadly.) 2, finéreus (poet.): 
Jj. torches, f. faces, Virg.: a f. wreath, 
f. frons, Virg. 8, funérarius, finé- 
raticius (-tius), in special phr.: an 
action about a f., actio funeraticia, 
Pomp. Dig. 11, 7, 30 (al. funeraria): the 
J. fee, funeraticium (as szzbs.), luscr. in 
Forcell. 4, feralis, e: v. FUNEREAL, 
DISMAL. ‘ 

funeral-pile: rogus, pyra: v 
PILE. 


funereal: i.e. appertaining to the 
tomb, gloomy. 1. funebris, e: the f. 
cypress, f. cupressus, Hor.: v. FUNERAL 
(adj.). 9. feralis, e: the f. cypress, t. 
cupressus, Ov Tr. 3, 13, 21 : f. strains 
(of the owl), f. carmina, Virg. Aen 4, 
462. 8, lugubris, e : v MOURNFUL. 

fungous: fungosus: /. bark, cortex 
f., Plin. 16, 5, 8 § 24: Col. 

fungus: 1. fungus, i, m.: Plin. : 
Vv. MUSHROOM. 2. agaricon, or -um 
(the tinder f.): Plin. 25, 9, 57. 

funnel : 1, infundibilum (the 
common word); Cato R. R. 13: a nar- 
row-mouthed f., i. angusto ore, Pall. : 
Col. 2. cornu, us (lit. a horn; a f. 
made of horn): to pour in by a horn f., 
inserto infundere c., Virg. G. 3, 509. 
Dimin., corniculum (a small f. of the 
kind), Col. 8, O infurnibilum ( for 
inhaling smoke): Plin. 24,15, 85 (but 
infundibulum is probably the true read- 
ing). 4, trajéctorium (a smoking- 
pipe, used medically); v PIPE. 

funnel-shaped: *infundibuli for- 
mam habens. 

funny ; ridicilus, festivus v LAUGH- 
ABLE, AMUSING. 

330 


FURNISH 


fur: |, The soft coat of an ani- 
mal : 1. lana (usu. = wool): the f. 
of the hare, \. anserina, Ulp. Dig. 32, 3 
(1), 70. 2. pilus (used both collect. 
in sing., and in pl. of the hairy coats of 
animals in general): ef. Plin. 7,1 § 2, 
where the diff. coverings of animals are 
enumerated: Varr. 8, capillus (hair, 
coarse or fine): softer than the f/. of a 
rabbit, mollior cuniculi capillo, Cat. 25, 
init. 4, villus (usu. in pl.- any 
thick, hairy coating): v Harr. (N.B. 
—There is no Latin word precisely 
equiv to our fur, as distinguished from 
the down [pluma} of birds, and the hair 
or wool of animals.) Phr. a f cloak, 
*pallium ex pelle factum: v. SKIN. 
I]. 4 coating on the tongue: perh. 
tegumentum fungosum: V FURRED (I1.). 
furbelow. (°) instita v. FLOUNCE. 
furbish-up: 1, interpdlo, 1 /o 
f. up a toga, togam int., Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 
12,1: Ulp. Dig. 9. perh. réndvo, 1: 
comp. Cic. Q. Fr 1. ¢., and Acad. I, 3, 11. 
furious: ], firidsus (strictly 
mad; hence of passion which resembles 
madness): unbridled and f. passion, 
effrenata ac f. cupiditas, Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 
init.: f. vociferation, f. vociferatio, 
Quint. Vv. MAD. 2. furibundus (full 
of rage), the cruel and f attacks of a 
bandit, latronis impetus crudeles ac f., 
Cic. Phil. 13,9, 19 Sall Cat. 31, extr.: 
a bull f. at the loss of its mate. taurus 
vacea f. adempta, Ov 8. firens, 
ntis ( part. of furo); v. TO RAGE, RAG- 
ING. 4, saevus: Vv. FIERCE, SAVAGE. 
5, véhémens, ntis (very violent, as 
if beside oneself): cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 26, 
vehemens lupus, et sibi et hosti pariter 
iratus: v. VIOLENT. Join: vehemens 
acerque, Cic. Caec. 10, 28. 
to be: 1, fiiro, 3 (lit. to 
be mad): to be f. with pain, dolore f., 
Ov.: v. TO RAGE. 2, saevio, 4 (to be 
savage): the father is f. because his son 
won't marry, pater ardens s. quod filius 
uxorem recuset, Hor S. 1, 4, 49. 
furiously: 1. furibundus, fiirens 
(in agr. with subject: L. G. § 343) 
comp. Sall. Cat. 31, extr. 9. furiosé 
(v. rare in this sense), Spart. Hadr. 12. 
3. véhémenter (very violently) : to 
fight f., vehementissime proeliari, Hirt. 
B. G. 8, 36: V. VIOLENTLY. 
furiousness; furor: v. FURY. 
furl: Phr.: to f. one’s canvass, 
vela contrahere (often used in fig. sense, 
of wise caution), Hor, Od. 2, 10, extr. 





| (v. Mitsch. ad 1): Cic. Att. 1, 16, 15 


vela subducere (prep. to battle), Auct. 
B. Alex. 45; legere, Virg. G. 1, 393: 
velum antennis subnectere, Ov. M. 
II, 483. 

furlong: stadium (sufficiently exact 
for ord. writing. v. Dict. Ant. p. 1228): 
Cic.: Plin. 

furlough: commeatus, tis: to grant 
a f., dare c. alicui, Liv. 3, 46: to obtain 
a f., c. sumere, Liv. l. c.: to be on f., 
in commeatu esse, Liv. 33, 29: to come 
to Rome on a f.,c. petito Romam venire, 
Vell. 2, 11: the soldier was not present 
on the day when his f. expired, miles ad 





|commeatus diem non adfuit, Quint. 
I, 4 14- 5 
furnace: 1, fornax, acis, f. (esp. 


of a worker in metal): heated f.s, ar- 
dentes f., Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103: @ copper- 
| smith’s f., f. aeraria, Plin.: a lime f,, 
| f.calcaria, Plin. Fig.: of the f.sof Etna, 
Virg. G. 1, 472. Dimin. fornaciila 
farcily a small f., but used =fornax) : 
; Juv 10, 82: Front. 2, caminus (a 
fire-place; q.v.: also freq. a f. for 
smelting): refuse cast from a F- quae 
e camino jactatur spurcitia, Plin. 33, 4, 
21: the f.s of the Cyclops, Cyclopum ca- 
mini, Virg. Aen. 6, 630. 
furnish: |. Zo supply: ils 
praebeo, 2 (to afford: with dat. of per- 
son and acc. of thing): to f. him with 
bread, ei panem pr., Nep. Them. 10: to 
J. fuel and salt, ligna salemque pr., Hor. 
S. 1, 5,46: to f. any one with a reason 
Jor breaking off a truce, tollendi indu- 
tias causam alicui pr. Liv: to f. 
grounds for wll.will, invidiae materiam 








FURRED, FURRY 








pr, Cic--Phs ir, Gg) 21: 2. ministro, t 
(as a servant or waiter): V TO SUPPLY. 
3, suppédiio, 1 (to f. in sufficient 
quantity): to f. food (in abundance), 
cibos s., Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67: to f. the 
orator with a fund of material, orator- 
ibus copiam dicendi s., Cic. Top. 18, 67. 
4, suggéro, ssi, stum, 3 (strictly to 
send up, as the earth docs its products), 
Ov. Met. 15, 81: hence, in gen. to fur- 
nish to hand what one is looking for: 
to f. subject for accusations, materiam 
eriminibus s., Liv. 3, 11: the city itself 
Sid every appliance (of war), urbs om- 
nium rerum apparatus suggerebat, Hirt. 
B. Alex. 3. 5, sufficio, 7: v. TO 
AFFORD. (I, 2). 6, commédo, 1 (tu 
Jf. out of kindness, oblige any one with) - 
to f. an enemy with water, aquam hosti 
c, PL: to f. any one with money, alicui 
aurum c¢., Cic. Coel. 13, 32: Vv. TO LEND. 
|]. Yo jit out: 1, orno, 1 (with 
acc. of direct object, and abl. of that 
with which): he f.s the decemvir's with 
apparitors, scrilves .... mules, tents, etc., 
(decemviros) ornat apparitoribus, scribis, 
mulis, tabernaculis, Cie. Agr. 2, 13, 32: 
also absol., to f. out a banquet, or. [et 
apparare] convivium, Cic. Verr. 4, 20, 
45° see also TO EQuIp, Simly. the 
comps. (1). exorno, ¥ (like preeed.): to 
St. out a banquet with elegance, convi- 
vium scite ex., Sall. Jug. 85, med.: a 
thoroughly f.d house, domus exornata 
atque instructa ‘opp. to nuda atque 
inanis], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34,84. (2) ador- 
no, I (less freq., but like preced.) to f 
the seas with jleets and escorts, maria 
classibus et praesidiis ad., Cic. Manil. 
12, 35 Liv : TO ADORN. (3). stiborno, 
I (esp. to-supply with in a secret, under- 
hand way): to f.a person with money, 
aliquem pecunia s., Ant. in Cic. Ph. 13, 
16, 32. Fig.. how f’d by Nature 
(for life), quemadmodum suborna.us a 
Natura, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, fin.: f/d with 
instruction, praeceptis subornatus, Sen. 
9. instruo, xi, ctum, 3 (to fit out, 
equip: with acc. and abl.): to f. outa 
banquet with every luxury, convivium 
omnibus rebus i., Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62: 
often absol., to f. a house, domum i., ib. 
4,5, 9. Fig. f’d with every kind of 
liberal accomplishment, omnibus inge- 
nuis artibus instructus, Cie. (N.B.— 
orno, exorno, adorne, are often used of 
ornamental furnishing - instruo is simply 
to pt out or furnish : cf. supr.) 
furnished (part. adj): 1, in- 
structus: often joined with exernatus: 
Vv. TO FURNISH (1). The comp. and sup. 
occur- domus instructior atque para- 
tior, Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 583 instructissimus 
ad dicendum, Cic. de Or. 3, 8, 31. OF 
réfertus (well supplied with anything): 
amply f. vith all the bounties of for- 
tune, r. omnibus donis fortunae, Cic. 
Tusce. 5,7, fin. a rich and well f. house, 
domus locuples ac r., Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 
161. 3. praeditus (gifted with, esp. 
by nature): v. ENDOWED. ; 
furniture: 1, siipellex, gen. sti- 
pellectilis, f.: every kind of rustic. (in- 
cluding all utensils), s. rustica omnis, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 22, fin.: homely f., vilis 
s., Virg. G. 1, 165: splendid, magntfi- 
cent f., s. lauta, magnifica, Cic. Phil. 2, 
27. Fig.: friends, the best and most 
beautiful f., so to speak, of life, amicos, 
optimam vitae, ut ita dicam s., Cic. Am. 
15, 55: scanty f., i.e. worth, curta s., 
Pers. 92, apparatus, tis, m. (esp. of 
a luxurious kind): amongst the f. (of 
Darius) he got possession of a perfume 
case, in reliquo ejus ap. cepit scrinium 
unguentorum, Plin. 13, 1, 1. cf. Hor. 
Od. 1, 38: of war: the entire f. of war, 
totius a. belli, Caes. B. C. 3, 41: Vv. 
EQUIPMENT 
furred, furry: j, Lit.. covered 
with fur: 1, villésus: the hare is the 
most furry of ali animak, villosissimus 
animalium lepus, Plin. 11, 39, 94 VY. 
SHAGGY. 2, *molli s. plumea lana 
obductus: Plin. describes the incipient 
horns of stags as molli plumata lanu- 
gine, 8, 32, 50: V. FUR. 8. lanatus: 
Jf. (2) slippers, lanatae soleae, Mart. 


“ 





FURRIER 


lem. 14, 65. — ||, Covered with a fur- 
like coating (esp. of the tongue), fun- 
gosus af. tongue, lingua f., Plin. 23, 
I, 24. 
furrier: perh. pellio, pellionarius : 
Vv FELL-MONGER. 
furrow (subs.): |, In the sow: 
], sulcus. to d:awaf,,s. agere, Plin. 
17, 22, 35.§ 8; s. ducere, Col. 2, 2, fin.: to 
plough with a shallow f., tenui arare s., 
Plin. 18, 18, 47; tenui suspendere s., 
Virg. G. 1,68: to sink a deep f,,s. altius 
imprimere, Cic. liv. 2, 23, imit.: to de- 
posit seeds in f.s, committere semina 
sulcis, Virg. Fig. to cleave fs (wm 
the sea), sulcos infindere, Virg. Aen. 5, 
142. f.s on ihe person, s. uteri, Mart. 3, 
72, 4. 9. versus, is, m. (with refer- 
ence to turning at the end): to finish a 
ff. Vv. peragere, Plin. 18, 18, 49 $177 
in alternate f.s, alternis v., Col. 2, 2, ad 
jin. (N.B.—In addition to the above, 
striga and scamnum are tech. terms 
of the land-surveyor, denoting respect- 
ively a furrow lengthways and across a 
field or plot Auct. R. Agr Lira is 
not a furrow, but the ridge between two 
Surrows.) Il. A groove: stria v 
CHANNEL, GROOVE. 
furrow (v. &.): 1, sulco, 1 to 
Ff. the ground with the ploughshare, hu- 
mum vomere s.,Ov_ to f (a field) al- 
ternately lengthways and across, (agrum) 
alternis recto plenoque s., Col. 2, 2, ud 
jin. Fig.: the snake f.s the sand, an- 
guis arenam s., Ov — the ships f the salt 
Seda, naves s. vada salsa, Virg. Aen 5, 
158 she f.’d her skin with wrinkles, 
sulcavit cutem rugis, Ov. M. 3, 276. 2, 
aro, v. To pLouGH. Fig.: wrinkles 
f. the body, rugae corpus a. Ov, A, A. 2, 
118. Simly.exaro Hor. Epod. 8, 4. 
furrowed (part. adj.): rigosus: f 
bare (of the poplar), r. cortex, Ov. Her. 
5,28 Vv. WRINKLED. 
further (adj. and adv,): 1, prae- 
térea- does no f question suggest itself 
to you, nihilne vobis in mentem venit 
quod pr. requiratis? Cic. de Or 1, 35, 
init.: V BESIDES. 2, amplius (often 
in negative sentences: implying com- 
pleteness without J. addition): I say 
nothing f., nihil dico a., Cic. Pl. 7, 17: 
he makes no f. claim, nihil a. frevettey 
Cic. Verr. 5, 49, init. Esp. of an addi- 
tion to a motion in the senate: I f. 
move, hoc a. censeo, Cic. Ph. 13, jin. 
8, idhuc (rarely if ever in Cic.): 
one jf. circumstance I will add, unam 
rem adhuc adjiciam, Sen. N.Q. 4, 8, 
init.: any f. lack, quod a. deest, Gell. 
(in Cic. Am. 9, fin. the true reading 
is no doubt ad haec.) 4, expr. by 
accedo, ssi, ssum, 3 (used impers.): 
there ts this f. consideration, that 1 
love the father, accedit quod patrem 
amo, Cic. Fam. 13, 21, extr.: he had 
the f. infliction of being blind, [ad 
senectutem ] accedebat etiam ut caecus 
esset, Cic. Sen. 6,16. Phr.: it follows 
Jf. sequitur porro, Cic. Div. 2, 51, init. : 
v. MOREOVER. (N.B.—For further, of 
remoteness in space: Vv. FARTHER). 
further (v.): 1, servio, 4 (fo de- 
vote oneself to: with dat.): to f. our 
own interests, nostris commodis s., Cic. 
Rep. 1, 4: to f. (people’s) interests and 
well-being, utilitati salutique s., Cic. Q. 
Fr, 1, 1, 93; Nep. (but the expr. is 
stronger than the Eng.). 2. adjuvo, 
jiivo, 1: v. TO AID. 8, consiilo, ui, 
lItum, 3 (with dat.: to take measures in 
favour of): to f. (people's) interests, 
commodis ¢., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1,9: Vv. TO CON- 
sutt. Phr.: that count will greatly f. 
conviction, is locus magno momento erit 
ad persuadendum, Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 77. 
therance: auxilium. v. arp. 
furtherer; adjitor. v ABETTER, 
HELPER. 
furthermore: porro: Cic.: v. NoRE- 
OVER, FURTHER. 
furthest: v. FARTHEST. 
furtive: furtivus: a f. journey, f. 
iter, Cic. in Pis. 40,97: f hove, f. amor, 
. Vv. SECRET. 
furtively: furtim, 
STEALTH (BY), SECRETLY. 


furtive : 








FUTURE 


fury: |. A mythological person- 
age: 1, Furia (rare in sing.): the 
F.s are goddesses that keep watch over 
crimes and avenge them, F sunt deae 
speculatrices et vindices facinorum, Cic. 
N. D. 3, 18, 46: impeiled by bad /.s, 
malis f. actus, Hor.S 2. 3, 135 Fig.: 
of any embodiment of rage or infatua- 
tion: that f.,and pest of his country, 
illa f. ac pestis patriae, Cic. Sext. £4, 
Jjin.: a f.and firebrand of war, f. fax- 
que belli, Liv. 2. Erinnys, Yos, f. 
(Gr. ’Epuvds: poet.): the dismal f.s, 
atrae K., Ov. Her. 11, 103. Fig.: the 
common f. of Troy and of her own 
country (Helen), Trojae ac patriae com- 
munis E., Virg. Aen. 2, 573- Il. 
Violent rage: 1, ftiror: v. RAGE. 
Fig.: the equinoctial f. of the sky, coeli 
f. aequinoctialis, Cat. 46, 2. 9. ra- 
bies, em, e, f.: the J. of fellow-citizens, 
i. e. civil war, r. civica, Hor.: the f. of 
the winds, r. ventorum, Ov.: Vv. RAGE. 
3, saevitia: v FIERCENESS, 
furze;: ilex, icis, m.: Plin. (u. Earo- 
paeus, Linn.). 
fuse (v. tr.): fundo, liquéfacio: v. 
TO MELT, 
fusee: |. A kind of fire-arm: v 
GUN. I]. A kind of match : (2) igni- 
ctilus. 
fusibility: expr. by verb: it pos- 
sesses f., but ts too brittle to be beaten, 
funditur tantum, malleis fragile, Plin. 
34, 8, 20° to possess greater, less, J., 
+tacilius, difficilius fundi, liquefieri; v. 
TO MELT. 
fusible: perb. fisilis, e: cf. Ov. M. 
11,126: or expr. by verb: v. preced. art. 
fusion: j, fustra (rare): Plin. 
23, 6, 35. 9. coctiira (rare): Plin. 34, 
8,2». (Orexpr by verb: in a state of 
J., tusus, liquefactus. v. TO MELT.) 
fuss (subs.): collog. Phr.: to make 
a great f. about a trifle, laborare in an- 
gusio, Sen. N. Q. 1, pref. 8; in words, 
tragoedias agere in nugis, Cic. de Or. 2, 
51, init.; Magno conatu magnas nugas 
dicere, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 8; in the way 
of quarrelling, de lana caprina rixari, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 15: nor am I discon- 
certed by all the f you make, neque vero 
istis tuis tragoediis perturbor, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 51, init. (but the Lat. is less fami- 
liar): sometimes satagere (to bustle 
about, make a to-do) may serve ; comp. 
TO FIDGET. 
fuss (v.): v. preced. art. 
fussy; collog.: perh. mdlestus: v. 
TROUBLESOME. (Comp. Phaedr. 2, 5, init.) 
fustian : |, 4 kind of thick cloth: 
Vv. FRIEZE. Il. Inflated language: 
tiimor, sesquipedalia verba: v. BOMBAST. 
fustigation: verbéra, um: v. FLOG- 
GING. 
fusty: |. Mouldy: micidus: Juv. 
||. Antiquated and dry: Opicus: 
cf. opicas evolvere chartas, Auson. Prof. 
22s 
fustiness; micor: v. MOULDINEsS. 
futility : fitilitas (worthlessness) : 
Join: futilitas levitasque, Cic. N. D. 
2, 28, 70. 
futile: frivdlus, inanis: v. FRIvo- 
Lous. 
future (adj.): 1, fiitiirus: signs 
of f. things, signa f. rerum, Cic.: to 
Joresee what is f., futura_prospicere, 
Cic.: the f. tense, t. tempus, Prob. Gram. 
9, postérus (that is to follow): esp. 
in phr., in posterum, for the f. (time), 
Caes. B. C. 1, 3. Cic.: a present and a 
Jf. age, praesens et p. aetas, Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 42: more usu. in sense of following, 
subsequent: q. Vv 8. réliquus (that 
which yet remains): esp. in phr., for 
the f. (time), in r. tempus, Caes. B. G. 
3,16: more freq. without the subs., in 
reliquum, Cic. Fam. 10, 7, jim.: Sall.: 
Liv.. also in other connexions, in the 
hope of f. calm (opp. to present storms), 
spe r. tranquillitatis, Cic. Sext. 34, 73. 
future (svbs.): 1, fatira, orum 
(n. pl. of adj.) v. preced. art. > 


| postéritas (less freq. in this sense): to 


v. | consult one’s peace in the f.. nosteritatis 





otio consulere, Cic. Fum. 2, 18, extr.: to) 


GAIN 





have regard to the f. and one's own dan~ 
ger, posteritatis et periculi sui rationem 
habere, Caes. B.C. 1, 13: for the f., in 
posteritatem (rare), Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 2 
3. posterum tempus, reliquum 

tempus: v. preced. art. 

futurity: futurum tempus, postert- 
tas v preced. act. 


G. 


ABARDINE: perh. pallium, pal- 


lidlum: v. CLOAK, MANTLE. 


gabble: blitéro, 1- v. To BABBLE 
CHATTER. 

gabbler: blat#ro, dnis, m: v 
BABBLER. 


abion: perh. crates s. {scina (fis 
cella) terra referta. Mattrasses (culci- 
tae) seem to have been used for the 
purpose of gabions, cf. Veg. Mil. 4, 23. 
gable: 1. fastigium: v. Cic. de 
Or. 3, 46, 180. The triangular space 
enclosed by the three sides of a gable 
was called tympanum, Vitr. (v. Dict. 
Ant. p. 523). 2. (?) cdlimen, inis, 
m.: cf. Varr. R. R. 3,7, 1, in turribus 
ac columinibus villae. (But both the 
above words denote strictly, Hie topmost 
point of any building ) 
gad: i.e. toroam idly about: ae 
vagor, vago, 1: V, TO RUAM, WANDER. 
2. cursito, t (to run hither and 
thither): to be gng up and down, sur- 
sum deorsum «., ler. Eun. 2, 2, 47 
gadder: 1, ambiilator, f. -trix: 
let the bailiff be no g., villicus a. ne siet, 
Cato R. R. 5, ad init. 2. tomo va- 
gus, vagator. v. WANDERER. 
gad-fly : 1, t&ibanus (the ordi- 
nary name): g.s worry ozen, t (boves) 
concitare solent, Warr. 2, 5, ad /in.: 
Plin. (t. bovinus, Linn.). Q, asilus: 
Virg. G. 3, 147. 8. oestrus (Gr, 
otatpos). Virg. G. 1, 147 (but the ces 
trus was strictly a kind of large sting- 
ing-bee, Plin 11, 16, 16). 
gag (subs.): perh., oris (faucium) ob- 
turamentum (Plin. has obt. of the stop- 
per of a Jar, 16, 8, 13); or (?) folliculus: 
v. foll, art. 
gag (v.): Phr.: to g. a person, 08 
alicui obvolvere folliculo et praeligare, 
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 149; follem alicui ob 
gulam, guttur, obstringere- cf. Pl. Aul. 
2, 4, 23, 8qq. 
gage; pignus: v. PLEDGE. 
galety:; festivitas, hilaritas: v. 
CHEERFULNESS, MIRTH. 
gaily: festive, hiliré: v, CHEER- 
FULLY, MERRILY. 
gain (subs.): 1, lucrum (most 
gen. term for pecuniary or other profit): 
to make g. by the public revenues, ex 
publicis vectigalibus [tanta] lucra fa- 
cere, Cic. Verr. 3, 38, 86: to set a thing 
down as so much g., aliquid in lucris 
ponere, Cic. Fam. 7, 24; lucro apponere, 
Hor. Od. 1, 9, 14: aliquid in lucro esse 
deputare, ler. Ph. 2, 1, 16. Dimin. 
liicellum, small or petty g., Cic.: Hor. 
9, quaestus, ts (money getting; 
profit made by a calling or trade): men 
who make g. of everything, quibus om- 
nia quaestui sunt, Sall. Jug. 31, med. 
pecuniary g., q. pecuniae, Caes. b. G, 
6,17. Join: quaestus ac lucrum, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 44, 106. Dimin. quaesticulus, 
small, petty g., Cic. Div. 2, 15, tit. 3: 
émdlimentum (advantage of any kind): 
esp. opp. to detrimentum (profit and 
loss), Cic. Fin. 3, 21, init.: without g. 
or bribe, sine e. ac praemio, Cic. : Vv. aD- 
VANTAGE. 4, compendium (strictly, 
a saving, opp. to paying out, dispen- 
dium): to doaught for g.’s sake, aliquid 
compendii sui causa facere, Cic. Of. 3 
15, 63: private g., privatum ¢., Liv 
Join- cum quaestu compendioque, Cic 
Verr. 2, 2, 3, 6. 5, merces, édis, f 
(hire, wages) : to follow humble g.s, par- 
vas m. sequi, Hor. S. 1, 6, 87. Vv. WAGES 
6. fenus, dris, n. (on money lent); 
vy. INTEREST. 7. captiira (dtshonest, 
immoral g.): the g.s of prostitution 
capturae prostitutarum, Suet. Cal 4o, 
33! 


GAIN 


gain (v.): . To make a profit: 
12 eas I: a g. or lose Gia gam- 
bling). lucrari, perdere, Tac. G. 23: to g. 
ten pounds, auri pondo decem l., Cic. 
Par. 3,1, 21: tog. by lying or perjury, 
mendacio, perjurio 1., Suet. Cal. 41. 2, 
lucrifacio, feci, factum, 3; or as two 
words: to g. money, pecuniam l., Cic. 
Verr. 3, 75, 174: cf. ib. ch. 45, saq.: to 
g. 300 Philips, trecentos Philippos fac- 
ere lucri, Pl. = [J._ Yo acquire, obtain : 

1, acquiro, quisivi, itum, 3 (to get 
in addition) : to g. new friends, amicos 
novos a,, Sall. Jug. 13. 9, conséquor, 
sécitus, 3 (to overtake by following ; 
obtain the object of pursuit): to g. 
glory by two victories, gloriam duabus 
victoriis ¢., Nep. Them. 6: celerity, 
whereby he had g.’d most of his suc- 
cesses, celeritas qua pleraque erat con- 
secutus, Caes. B. G. 7, 12: V. TO OBTAIN, 
(Simly. assequor: v. TO ATTAIN TO.) 

3. pario, pépéri, partum, 3 (to pro- 
cure or dring about by one’s exertions) : 
to g. a victory, victoriam p., Caes. B. G. 
§, 43: tog. the highest praise, sibi maxi- 
mam laudem p., Cic.: complaisance g.s 
Sriends, obsequium p. amicos, Ter. And. 
I, 1, 41. 4, colligo, légi, ctum, 3 (lit. 
to gather ; hence to gain gradually or 
bit by bit): tog. the good will of citi- 
zens by flattery, benevolentiam civium 
blanditiis c, Cic. Am. 17, 61: to g. 
strength by use, vires usu c., Ov. A. A. 
2, 339: Liv. 5, potior, 4 (to obtain 
possession of, become master of : with 
abl., and sometimes gen.): to g. the su- 
premacy of entire Gaul, imperium totius 
Galliae p., Caes. B. G. 1,2: to g. @ vic- 
tory, victoria p. Caes.: they g. the 
wished-for shore, optatae potiuntur are- 
nae, Virg. Aen. t, 172. 6. capio, 
cepi, captum, 3 (to receive, get): to g. 
honours or riches, honores aut divitias 
c., Nep. Att. 7: to g. the top of a moun- 
tain, cacumen montis c., Curt. Phr.: 
to g. any one’s javour, gratiam apud 
aliquem, cum aliquo, inire, Cic. (v. FA- 
your): fo g. a cause (in law), causam 
obtinere, Cic. Fam. 1, 4; causam tenere, 
Hor. (v. CAUSE) he g.s every vote, omne 
tulit punctum, Hor. A. P. 343: tog. the 
top of a mountain, in verticem montis 
eniti (evadere), Curt. 7, 11: to endea- 
vour to g. good will by largess, benevo- 
lentiam largitione consectari, Cic. (cf. 
supr. 2): to strive to g. the highest 
praise, contendere ad summam laudem, 
Cic. Phil. 14, 12. 32 (Vv. TO STRIVE 
AFTER). 

— over: 1, concilio, 1: he tried 
to g. over other princes, conciliabat ce- 
teros reges, Nep. Han. 10: to g. over 
peoples’ feelings (affections), animes ho- 
minum c., Cic. Off. 2, 5,17: Liv.: Suet. 

9, sollicito, 1 (to try to gain over, 
by promises. etc.): V. TO STIB UP, IN- 
CITE. 

gainer: expr. by verb: he was the 
g.to the extent of 300,000 measures of 
wheat, CCC millia modium tritici lucri 
nomine sustulisse, Cic. Verr. 3, 45, 107: 
to what extent they were g.s, quantum 
lucri factum sit, ib.§ 112: J am the g. 
by that transaction, *mihi lucri non- 
nibil inde redit. 

gainfu.: lucrosus, quaestuosus: v. 
LUCRATIVE. Phr.: a g. accusation (by 
which money is to be made), opima accu- 
satio, Cic. Fl. 33, intt.: g. arts, pecue 
niosve artes, Mart. 5, 56, 8: to be g. to 
any one, alicui lucro esse, Pl. As. 1, 
3, 40. 

fainsay: contradico. 3: Vv TO CON~ 
TRADICT, SPEAK AGAINST. 

gait: 1, incessus, tis: to form 
the features, g., vultum, i., fingere, Cic 
Fin. 2, 24, tnit.: hurried, slow g., « 
citus, tardus, Sall. Cat. 15, extr.: an 
erect g.,i. erectus, Tac.: effeminate g., 
i fractus, Quint. 5, 9, 143 i. mollior, cf. 
Cic. Off. 1, 36,131: Virg. Q. ingres- 
sus, is (the act of walking): Cic. Off. 
Le.: a loftier g.,celsior i, Plin. 11, 16, 
16, extr. 

gaiters: nearest word perh. ocreae: 
V. GREAVES. 

gala-day: dies festus: v. FESTIVAL. 

332 








GALLERY 


galaxy: via lactea: Ov. In fig. 
sense coetus, concilium: V. ASSEMBLY. 
galbanum: galbanum: Plin. Odours 
of g., galbanei odores, Virg. 
gale: 1, aura(agentleg.): Virg.: 
Ov.. V. BREEZE. Fig.: the g. of popu- 
larity, popularis a., Hor, Od. 3, 2, 20. 
2. ventus: v. WIND. 
gall (subs.): |. The bile: 1. 
bilis: v. BILE. Q. fel, fellis, n. (prop. 
the gall-bladder with its contents): the 
g. ts situated in the liver; not found in 
all animals, in (jecore) est f., non datum 
omnibus animalibus, Plin. 11, 37, 74: 
Cic. Fig., of bitterness of feeling : love 
is most fertile in both honey and g., 
amor et melle et felle est fecundissi- 
mus, Pl. Cist. 1, 1, 7%: not a drop of 
bitter g., nec amari f. gutta, Mart. 7, 25. 
Adj., full of gall, felleus : sweat impreg- 
nated with g., f. sudor, Plin. ij. 4 
sore caused by rubbing : intertrigo, inis, 
f.: Cato, R. R. 159: Plin. ( pl.) 
gall (v. tr.): |. Lit.: To chafe 
or make sore the skin: 1, tro, ussi, 
ustum, 3; if the heavy parcel of paper g.s 
you, Si te gravis uret sarcina chartae, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 6: the thong g.s the 
tender arms, teneros u. lorica lacertos, 
Prop. Fig.: anger g.s both equally, ira 
communiter u. utrumque, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 
13: I g. the fellow, uro homitem, Ter. 
Eun. 2, 2, 43. 9, aduro, 3(rare): to 
get rubbed and g.d in riding (of the 
thighs), atter: adurique equitatu, Plin. 
28, 15, 61. 3. pértro, 3 (sorely): 
oxen withdraw their g.’d necks from 
under their burden (“the galled jade 
winces”’), subducunt oneri colla perusta 
boves, Ov. Pont. 1, 5, ze g.d with the 
lash, funibus perustus, Hor. 4, téro 
(attéro), trivi, tritum, 3: necks g.’d with 
labour, trita labore colla, Prop.: v. TO 
RUB, WEAR. I]. Fig.: to irritate: 
1, mordeo, mémordi, morsum, 2: 
give her like for like, so as to g. her, par 
pro pari referto, quod eam mordeat, Ter. 
Eun. 3, 1, 55: to be g.’d with secret 
grief, dolore occulto morderi, Ov.: Vv. 
TO STING. Q. uro, 3: v. supr. CI., 1): 
also, TO IRRITATE. 
gall-bladder : 1, fel, fellis, n. 
(including the contents): Cic. Div. 2, 
12, 29: Cels. 9. vésica fellis, Plin. 
(Kraft). 
gall-fly: *cynips, ipis (Cycl.). 
gall-stone : *calcilus vesicae fellis ; 
cholelithus, as med. ¢. t. (Kr.). 
gall-nut;: galla: Plin. 16, 6, 9: Col. 
gallant CHS |. Handsome : 
spécidsus, spectabilis: v. SHOWY. Il. 
Courageous: animosus, fortis: v. BRAVE. 
Il]. Attentive to ladies: *in mulieres 
officiosus (?) 
gallant (subs.): i. e. the favourite of 
alady: Aamator: vy. LOVER. Sometimes 
juvenis, adolescens, with an adj.: less 
often do the young g.s come rattling 
your windows, parcius quatiunt fenes- 
tras juvenes protervi, Hor. Od. 1, 25, 1. 
gallantly: animose, fortiter, etc. : 
v. COURAGEOUSLY, POLITELY. 
gallantry: |. Bravery: virtus: 
Vv. VALOUR, COURAGE. ||. Attention 
to ladies: perh. amor comes nearest, 
esp. in pl., ef. Cie. Cael. 19, amores et 
hae deliciae quae vocantur: sometimes 
ars amatoria, cf. Ov. (book so called). 
galleon: *navis oneraria (rotunda) 
maxima (Galio, Auct. xii. saec. in Q.). 
gallery: |. A covered passage : 
porticus, us, f. (strictly, open at one 
side, and furnished with pillars): cf. 
Vitr. 5, 9 and 11: for walking, p. am- 
bulatoria, Ulp. Dig. 8, 5, 8 § 1: Vv. 
WALK. Such galleries when designed for 
exercise and recreation were usu. called 
xysti: v. PORTICO. I]. Yor pictures : 
pinacdthéca: Plin. 35, 11, 40, extr.: 
Col. Il]. A raised structure, esp. in 
churches or theatres: maenianum (Vv. 
BALCONY): cf. Vitr. 5, 11, 2: this was 
the term applied to the wpper ranges in 
an amphitheatre, the lowest range, or 
emperor’s gallery, being called podium 
or the foot, v. Dict. Ant. p. 88. The 
term Chalcidicum (Vitr. 5, 11, 4) ap- 
pears to denote a raised platform or 





GALLOWS 


dais: y. Forcell. s. v. IV. Under- 
ground, for mining or other purposes: 

1, ctinicilus (esp. in mining opera- 
tions): Vv. MINE. 2. spécus, Us (any 
subterranean cavity): cf. Liv. 10, to, 
init. 

galley: uavis longa (ord. term for 
an ancient ship of war), birémis, tri- 
remis, f. (according to the number of 
banks of oars): V. BIREME, TRIREME, 
etc. (Galea, galera, words of the middle 
age.) Phr.: to condemn aman to the 
g.s, aliquem remo publicae triremis 
affigere, Val. Max. g, 15, 2. 

galley-slave: homo remo publicae 
navis affixus: v. preced. art. fin. 

Gallic: 1, Gallicus (pertaining 
to Gaul or its people): Caes.: Cic. 2 
Gallicanus (stationed in Gaub, connected 
with the country or people): the G. le- 
gions, legiones G., Cic. Cat. 2, 3, tntt. 
(in the next clause occurs Gallicus as 
epith. of the territory itself, in Gallico 
agro): in gen. sense=Gallicus, Cat. : 
Mart. 

Gallicism: perh. *Gallicismus, after 
the anal. of Atticismus, Quint. 6, 3, 107 
(where, however, we should prob. read 
"Arrixigos). Phr.: to make use of a@ 
G., *Gallico more loqui. 

galling (subs.): attritus, Us, m.: 
sores caused by g., ulcera ex a. facta, 
Plin.: see also GALL (IL). 

galling (adj.): i.e. irritating: mor- 
dax (biting, stinging): g. anmieties, 
m. sollicitudines, Hor. Od. 1, 18, 4: to 
chafe the tender ear with g. truth, tene- 
ras m. radere vero auriculas, Pers. 1, 
107: see also BITTER. 

gallipot: aula, aulila: v. Por. 

allon: congius (nearly 3 quarts: 
vy. Dict. Ant. p. 1233): Liv. Adj., hold- 
ing @ g., congiarius: mostly used as 
subs. in neut., congiarium, a donation 
of corn, etc. to that amount, Varr. in 
Plin. 14, 14,17: ef. Liv. 25, 2, ad fin. 
Congialis also occurs, as a gallon jar, 
fidelia congialis, Pl. Aul. 4, 2, 15. 
gallop (v-): |, Of the rider: Phr.: 
to g. to a place, citato equo [citatis equis, 
of more than one] contendere, Caes. 
B.C. 3, 963 they g. away at full speed 
to Rome, citatis equis Romam avolant, 
Liv. 1, 57 (incitato equo, in same sense, 
Caes.: Cic.): to g. towards any one, 
equum immittere ad aliquem, Galb. in 
Cic. Fam. 10, 30, med.; equo admisso 
ad aliquem accurrere, Caes. B. G. 1, 22: 
it with hostile ixtent, with in; as, in 
Postumium equum infestum admisit, 
Liv. 2, 19: he puts spurs to his horse, 
and g.s against the consul, concitat 
calcaribus equum, atque in consulem 
dirigit, Liv. 2, 6. I]. Of the animal: 
quadriipédo, 1 (to move the whole four 
feet at once: only the part. seems to 
occur): @ horse g.ing past, equo juxta 
quadrupedante, Plin. 8, 45, 70: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 8, 596. 

gallop (subs.): perh. *cursus citatus, 
citatissimus (full g.): Vv. preced, art. 
Phr.: to put a horse to a g. equum 
admittere, immittere (v. preced. art.): 
at a g., quadrupedatim, Charis. 2, 163. 

gallows: 1. perh. patibilum 
(strictly a fork-shaped instrument of 
punishment, to which base defaulters 
were fastened): the term was freq. ap- 
plied to the cross of Christ in Med. 
Lat.: cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 41: Or, 5 
furca (like preced.): sentence to the g. 
damnatio ad furcam, Callist. Dig. 48, 19, 
29, init.: to fasten on the gallows, furca 
figere, Dig. 1. c. § 15: im furca sus- 
pendere, Ulp. Dig. 48, 13, 6, init.: v. TO 
HANG. 3. crux, criicis, f. (which did 
not materially differ from the preced- 
ing): v. cross. (N.B.—The ancient 
Romans used for the same purpose a 
barren tree: thou shalt cover nis head 
and hang him upon a g., caput obnu- 
bito, infelici arbori reste suspendito, Liv. 
1,26.) 4, by meton. suspendium : may 
the gods bring me to the g., utinam me 
divi adaxint (= adigant) ad suspen- | 
dium, Pl. Aul. 1, 1, 11: he died on 
the g., *suspendio interfectus est Vv. 
HANGING. 





GALLOWS-BIRD 


gallows-bird: term of reproach: 
1, furcifer, éri (strictly, one who has 
undergone the punishment of the turca : 
v. GALLows) ; Ter. Andr. 3, 5, 12: Hor. 
2, crux, cricis: Pl. Pers. 5, 2, 17. 
galvanic: “*galvanicus. as scient. 
t. t.: Vv. ELECTRIC. : 
amble: expr. by alea: e.g., alea 
ludere, Cic. Phil 2, 23,56: also aleam 
ludere, Suet. Cl. 33; to be lucky in g.ing, 
prospera a, uti, id. Cal. 41. 
gambler: 1, aleator: Cic. Cat. 
2, 10, 23: P. Syr, 2. (?) aleo, Onis: 
Cat, (but the places are doubtful) s: 
lasor: Ov. A. A. 1, 451. Simly. col- 
lasor, a fellow-g., Cic. Suet. (Very 
often expr. by verb he was an eager 
g-, aleam studiosissime lusit, Suet. v. 
preced. art.) 
gambling: dléa (orig. the die itself ; 
cf. Caesar’s, jacta alea est, but used by 
meton. for the practice of g.): the law 
respecting g., lex quae est de a., Cic. Ph. 
2, 23, 56: to be aidicted to g., aleae 
indulgere, Suet. Aug. Jo: g gains, ex 
lusu aleae compendium, Suet. Cal. L c.: 
V GAMBLING. Huving to do with g., 
aleatorius losses in g., damna aleatoria, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 27, 67. 
gambling-table: alveus: v GAM- 
ING-BOARD. 
gambol (v.): 1, lascivio, 4: v. TO 
FRISK. lado, si, sum, 3. V TO 
SPORT, FROLIC. 
gambol (subs.). liisus, ts: the 
Naiads perform their g.s in the waves, 
exercent lusibus undas Naiades, Ov. Or 
expr. by verb the moor-hens perform 
their g.s on the dry beach, in siceo ludunt 
fulicae, Virg. G. 1, 363. to watch the g.s 
of the lambs, *agnos dum lasciviunt ex- 
siliuntque spectare : v TO PLAY. 
game (subs.) : |. Amusement, di- 
version: 1, ludus (including all kinds 
of sport): they devise some new g. for 
themselves while they are at leisure, no- 
vum sibi excogitant in otio L. Cic. de Or. 
3, 15, 58. Esp. in pl., of the public 
games: to celebrate g.s in honour of 
Apollo, ludos Apollini facere, Cic. Br. 
20, 78 (v. TO EXHIBIT) on the day of 
the commencement of the g.s, quo die 1. 
committebantur, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, jfin.: 
id g.s, 1. magnifici, ampli, sump- 
tuosi, Cic.. sometimes joined with the 
name of the particular g.s, the g.s in 
honour of Ceres, 1. Cerealia, Liv. 30, 39, 
extr.: at the (time of the) g.s, ludis, Pl. 
Cas. prol. 27. Cic. fr. 9, lasus, ts 
(the act of playing; any particular 
game: not in Cic., who has lusio, v. 
infr.): the g. of ball, 1. trigon, Hor. S. 
1, 6, 125 (—pila trigonalis, Mart. 14, 46, 
lem.): to relax the mind over @ g. of 
draughts, laxare animum lusu calcu- 
lorum, Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5. 8. lusio 
(=preced., but rare) laborious g.s, 
laboriosae 1, Cic. Fin. 5, 20,55: the g. 
of ball, 1. pilae, Cic. 4. ludicrum 
(both in sing. and plur., chiefly of public 
g-s, like ludi)- the festival of the Olym- 
pic g.s, Olympiorum solenne 1., Liv. 28, 
7, ad fin.: the periodical celebration of 
the Isthmian g.s, Isthmiorum statum L., 
Liv.: to announce the celebration of g.s, 
ludicrum indicere, Liv.. to see the g.s, 
ludicra spectare, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 7: to com- 
pete in various kinds of g.s, vario ludi- 
crorum genere contendere, Just. 4, 2, extr. 
5, minus, éris, n. (esp. of gladiato- 
rial or Circensian g.s, given by a magis- 
trate): to exhibit magnificent g.s, m. 
magnificum dare, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8, extr.: 
Funeral g.s, m. funebre, Plin.: Suet. 
6, alea (of hazard): v. GAMBLING. 
Phr : to play ag. of draughts, latrun- 
culis ludere, Sen. (v. DRAUGHTS): to be 
fond of the g. of ball, pilae studio teneri, 
Cic. (v. BALL) the g. is mine (fig.), mea 
pila est, Pl, Truc. 4, 1, 9° to make g. of 
any one, aliquem ludificari, ludibrio 
habere (v. FOOL, phr.). Of the special 
games, some of the most important were, 
the Pythian g.s, Pythia, orum the Isth- 
mian, Isthmia, orum; also Isthmii ludi 
(and v. supr. 4) the g.s in honour of 
Flora, Floralia, of the Circus (gene- 
tally), Circenses (sc. ludi), [not Cir- 





GAP 
censia]: v. Dict. Ant.s. vv. —_[J,_ Ant- 
mals pursued in the chase : 1, férae, 


arum (wild animals of any Icind): to 
put up and hunt g., feras excitare, agi- 
tare, Cic. Off. 3, 17,68 to snare g., f. 
captare, Virg. G. 1, 140. 9. vénatio 
(the flesh of game; as food): to avoid 
indigestion by eating the best fish, 
birds, g., [optimo) piscatu, aucupio, v., 
vitare cruditatem, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23: 
many sorts of g., multa et varia v., Liv. 
35, 49. med.: Cels. 8. férina caro: 
Sall. Jug. 18, inif.: Plin.: also ferina 
alone, Virg. Aen. 1, 215. (N.B.—The 
above terms do not strictly include the 
Slesh of birds, aucupium Vv. supr. exx.) 
ame-cock: perb. gallus rixdsus: 

Col. calls the trainers of fighting-cocks, 
lanistae rixosarum avium, R. R. 8, 2: 
the term gallinaceus pyctes, Col. L. c. 
(pugilist of the hen-loft) is evidently a 
facetious expr. 

gamekeeper: perb._ saltuarius 
(keeper of the forests): Dig.: v. FO- 
RESTER. 

gamesome: lidibundus, lidicer. v 
SPORTIVE. ~ 

gamester : aleator: ¥. GAMBLER. 

gaming: alea_ v. GAMBLING. 

gaming-board or table: alveus: 
a g.-board three feet broad, a. lusorius, 
latus tres pedes, Plin. 37, 2, 6: also 
without lusorius, Suet. Cl. 33, extr.: 
Val. Max. Dimin., in same sense, alve- 
blus, Cic. Fin. 5, 20, 56. 

gaming-house: forus aleatorius- 
Aug. in Suet. Vit. 71. also, aleatorium, 
Sidon, 

gammon (subs): i.e. a smoked 
ham: perna;: Pl.: Hor. v. HAM. In 
fig. sense, as exclam., perh. gerrae Vv 
FUDGE. 

gamut: the musical scale: perh. 
diagramma, tis, n.- cf. Vitr. 5, 4. 

gander: anser mas, Col, 8, 13, fin.: 
a, masculus, Pall. 1, 30. 

gang: Le. company; usu. with 
something of contempt: 1, grex, 
grégis, m. (also in good sense): a g. of 
slaves, g. venalium, PI. Cist. 4, 2,67: @ 
g. of men emasculated by vice, g. tur- 
pium morbo virorum, Hor. Od. 1, 37, 9: 
V. HERD. 2. ciiterva (a troop of 
armed men): to occupy the forum with 
armed g.s of desperate men, forum ar- 
matis c. perditorum hominum possidere, 
Cic. Dom. 42, Ifo Vv. TROOP. i 
bpérae, arum (a term applied to g.s of 
hired roughs) < hired g.s, set on to plun- 
der the city, operae conductae et ad diri- | 
piendam urbem concitatae, Cic. Sext. 
17, init.: Clodius is strengthening his 
g.s, op. suas Clodius confirmat, Cic. Q. 
Fr. 2, 3, med.: Tac. 4, ergastiila, 
orum (g.s of slaves compelled to work in 
chains): to be tilled by g.s of chained 
slaves, coli ab erg., Plin. 18, 6, 7§ 36. 
Caes. 5, latrocinium (a g. we rob- 
bers; rare), V. BANDITTI. Phr.- he | 
divided the entire number of excavators | 
into six g.s, in partes sex munitorum 
numerum divisit, Liv. 5, 19, fin. 

gangrene (subs.): gangraena (Gr. 
yayypaiva): g. commences, spreads, ts 
confirmed, g. incipit, serpit, tenet, Cels. 
5, 26, 34. In fig. sense, g. mali serpit, 
Varr. ap. Non. 

gangrene (v.): putresco, 3. Cels. 5, 
26, 34. (Or perh. *gangraenam con- | 
cipere.) 

gangrenous: piiter, tris, tre. ag 
ulcer, p. ulcus, Cels. 5, 26, 32. 

gangway : forus, i, m. (in a ship): | 
to run to and fro along the g.s, per | 
foros cursare, Cic. Sen. 6, 17. See also | 
PASSAGE, 

gaol: carcer, tris, m.: V. PRISON. 
gaoler; custos, ddis: Hor. Ep. 4 








16, 77 

gap: 1. liciina (fo fill upag 
(in one’s property): 1. explere, Cic, Verr. 
2, 2, 55,138: often used in modern Lat. 
for a gap in a literary work, esp. in a 
MS. 9, hiatus, is: a gap (or open- 
ing) in the sky, coeli h., Plin.- v, CHASM, 
CLEFT. (Also, like lacuna, used by 
mod. writers of literary mutilations.) 
Phr.. here there is a wide gap (in an 








GARGLE 
author), multa (non pauca) desunt 
Lach 


gape: 1. hio, 1 (chiefly in pres 
part.) : a gaping lion, \eo hians, Virg.: 
gaping partridges, perdices hiantes, 
Plin.: so of inanimate things: an oak 
gaping with wide chinks, quercus patulis 
rimis hians, Gell. Fig.: to g. after, 
covet: gaping avarice, avuritia hians, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 55, 134: the gaping 
(eager) purchaser, emptor hians, Hor. 8, 
I, 2, 88. 2. inhio, 1: gaping Cer- 
berus, inhians C., Virg. G. 4, 483. Esp. 
to g. eagerly upon or after (with dat.): 
(sucking Romulus) gaping after the 
she-wolf’s breasts, uberibus lupinis in- 
hians, Cic. Cat. 3, 8,19: to g. after one 
with mind astounded, (alicul) attonito 
inh. animo, Virg. Aen. 7, 814: rarely with 
acc., tog. after an inheritance, heredi- 
tatem inh., Pl. 8. hisco, 3 (incept. 
of hio; to gape open, to open the mouth 
wide: whereas hio, inbio, denote a state 
of openness: rare). g. open, earth, hisce 
tellus: Ov. Met. 1, 546 (a doubtful line): 
the cleft g.s open, rima h., Plin. 17, (4, 
24 § 108. 4. déhisco, 3 (to open 
downwards): the earth, the wave, gs 
open, d. terra, unda, Virg.: Varr.: the 
boat g.s in chinks, d. cymba rimis, Ov. 

5, fatisco, 3: the ships g with fis- 

sures, naves rimis f., Virg. Aen. 1, 123: 
V- TO CRACK (B.). 6. oscito, oscitor, 
1 (to open the mouth in yawning): v. 
TO YAWN. 7, stiipeo, ui, 2 (to stand 
agape with wonder): Vv. AMAZED (TO BE). 

gaper : expr. by pres. part. of hio, r- 
v L.G. § 638. 

gaping (adj.): |. Lit.: opening 
wide : 1, hiuleus: fields g with 
drought, h. siti arva, Virg.G 2,353: @ 
g. wound, h. vulnus, Sidon. 2, hians, 
Vv TO GAPE (l.). 8, oscitans: v. 
YAWNING. ll. Fig.. opening the 
mouth wide in amazement stupidus 
(confounded): why do you stand g., why 
are you speechless, quid stas stupida, 
quid taces? Pl. Epid. 4, 2,13 the people 
are eagerly g. at a rope-walker, popu- 
lus studio in funambulo animum occu- 
pat, Ter. Hec. Prol. 1, 4. 

garb: vestitus: v. DRESS. The phi- 
losopher’s g., ibolla, cf. Juv. 3, 115. 

garbage: quisquiliae v REFUSE 
(subs.). 

garble: to tamper with documents, 
etc.: vitio, corrumpo v TO FALSIFY, 
FORGE. 

garden ; 1, hortus (most gen. 
terms including both fruit and flower 
g.s: in pl. usu.=pleasure-grounds, q. ¥.): 


Farmers call their g. their second flitch, 


h. agricolae succidiam alteram appel- 
lant, Cic. Sen.-16, 56: ‘Aitchen g.s, bh. 
olitorii, Ulp. Dig. 5c, 16, 198. Dimin., 
hortiilus, @ small g.: perhaps the most 
suitable word for flower-garden ; v. Cat. 
61,91. Adj. hortensius, -sis, belonging 
to a g.: g. bulbs, hortensii bulbi, Plin.: 
in pl. neut., bortensia, g. plants: almost 
all g. plants have a single root, b. omni- 
bus singulae fere radices, Plin. 19, 6, 31: 
hortulanus and hortualis also occur, but 
all are rare. 9, viridarium (a plea- 
sure g., esp. for shrubs) : Suet. Tib. 60: 
Plin. (in Cic, Att. 2, 3, the reading is 


doubtful), 3, pomarium (a fruit-g.): 
V. ORCHARD. 
gardener: J, hortiilinus: Macr. 


4, 3, med.: Apul. 9, dilior (kitchen- 
g.): Col. 10, 229: Plin. 3, tOpiiirius 
(ornamental g.) : Cic.Q. Fr. 3, 1,2: Plin. 

gardening (svds.): hortorum cultus, 
cura: Col. t1, 3, tmit.: Plin. Orna- 
mental g., tipiaria (ars), Cic. Q. Fr. 3,3 
2, extr.: the work itself, opus topiarium, 
Plin. 

garden-stuff : 1. dlus, éris, n., 
both in sing. and pl.; v. VEGETABLES. 

9, by meton., hortus: g,-stuff ey 

every kind, b. omne genus, Cat. BR. 
8 watery g.-stuff, irriguus h., Hor. S. 2, 

16. 
Seago (v.) + gargirizo, 1: Cels., who 
uses it of the physician who administers 
the medicine: cf. 4, 2, I, fin.: tog. with 
and drink a juice, succum g. atque 
bibere, Plin. 20, 9, 34. 

333 


GARGLE 


GATHER 





gargle (swis.): gargarisma, itis, 7. : 
Theod. Prisc. Usu. better expr. by 
verb: to administer a g. of ler til, ex 
lenticula gargarizare, Cels. 6, 6, 26. 

gargling: gargarizatio: Cels.: Plin. 

garish: perh. fucatus (lit. rouged) : 
Vv. GAUDY, SHOWY. 

garland: 1, cdrdna: to weave a 
g., ¢. nectere, Hor.: to wear a g. on the 
head, c. in capite babere, Cic.: v. WREATH. 


Dimin., corolla: Pl.- Cat. Adj. corona- | 


Trius: anemones suitable for g.s, anemo- 
nae c., Plin.: a maker of g-.s, corona- 
rius: Plin. 9. sertum (usu. in pl.) : 
the altars are fragrant with fresh g.s, 
arae s. recentibus halant, Virg.: to en- 
twine a man’s head with g.s, aliquem 
sertis redimire, Cic.: Pl. joins coronae, 
serta, As. 4,1, 58: the latter term was 
more properly applied to garlands hung 
round statues, pillars, etc.: Vv. FESTOON. 
3, frons, frondis, f. (a g. of leaves: 
poet.): graced with the well-earned g., 
merita decorus f., Hor. Od. 4, 2, 35: 
Ov. Similarly the name of any kind 
of foliage may be used with an appro- 
priate verb: to entwine the head with @ 
myrtle g., caput impedire myrto, Hor. 
Od. 1, 4, 9. 
garlanded (part. adj.): coronatus : 
Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63: Hor. 
garlic; allium or alium: to stink of 
g., a. obolere, Suet. Vesp. 8: Hor.: Plin. 
garment: vestimentum (any single 
iece of raiment : usu. in pl.); vestitus, 
Us (the whole attire): Vv. CLOTHES. 
garner (subs.): horreum: v. BARN, 
GRANARY. 
garner (v.): to store in @ granary : 
condo, 3: Vv. TO STORE. 
garnet: perh. carbuncilus garaman- 
ticus or amethystizon: v. Dr. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. 
garnish: distinguo, décoro: v. To 
ADORN. 
garniture : Vv. ORNAMENT, ADORN- 
MENT. Phr.: the heaven with its g. of 
stars, coelum astris distinctum et orna- 
tum, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95- 
garret : coenactilum (strictly, an 
[upper] dining-room : cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 
33 § 162): soldiers don’t often come to 
g-s (to pillage), rarus venit in coenacula 
miles, Juv. 10, 18: the poor man changes 
his g.s, pauper mutat c., Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 
gi: Cic. Pbhr.: to live in a g., sub 
tegulis habitare, Suet. Gr. 9: cf. FLIGHT 
(UV.). 
garrison (subs.) : praesidium (any 
body of troops acting as a guard): 
having talcen possession of the town, he 
stations a g. there, occupate oppido, ibi 
p. collocat, Caes.: to fortify a town and 
leave a g. there, (oppidum) communire, 
p.que imponere, Liv.: so, p. consti- 
tuere, Caes. B. G. 7,7: to withdraw a g. 
from a place, p. ab (de) oppido deducere, 
Cic.: Liv. (v. TO EVACUATE): to expel a 
g- from a citadel, p. ex arce expellere, 
Nep. Epam. to: fo strengthen or occupy 
a place with a g., locum praesidiis fir- 
mare, Sall. Jug. 2353 confirmare, Cic. 
Agr. 1, 5, 16: to be om g., in praesidio 
esse, cf. Front. 3, 17, init. 
garrison (v.): Phr.: tog. a town, 
in oppido praesidium collocare, impon- 
ere: v. preced. art. 
garrotte (subs.): laqueus, (?) folli- 
culus: v. HALTER; and TO GAG. 
garrulity: garrulitas: Ov.: Suet. 
garrulous: 1, garrilus (chatter- 
mg): a g. tongue, g. lingua, Ov.: esp. 
of one who cannot keep a secret, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 18, 69. 
much): old-age is tnclined to be g., 
senectus est loquacior, Cic. Sen. 16, init. : 
Y. TALKATIVE. 
garrulously: expr. by adj. or verb: 
he would tail g. for whole hours, *totas 
horas garrulus loquebatur (cf. L. G. 
§ 343), garriebat : cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 21. 
garter: periscélis, idis, f.: in class. 
authors an ornamental anklet, not a 
garter: but used in M. L. as the desig- 
nation of the Knightly Order. 
gas: perh. vapor: ef Vir. 8, 6(5), 
13, si eripietur lumen vi vaporis, 17 the 
light is put out by the fore of the gas 
334 


2, loquax, acis (talleiny | 


(foul air in a well): or spiritus: cf. | v. ro coLtecr. oF 


Vitr. l. c., where the same gases are so 
designated : spiritus ex aestuariis dissi- 
pabuntur. ((as, indecl., Kr.) 
gaseous: Animilis, e (of the nature 
of air or breath): ef. Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 


| init.: or expr. by circuml., spiritus s. 











vaporis naturam habens: v. preced, art. 

gash (subs.): patens plaga: Liv. 38, 
21, ad fin. Phr.: to inflict a deep 
g. in the neck, cervicem graviter ferire, 
Suet. Cal. 58: Liv.: cf. Veg. Mil. 1, 12. 

gash (v.): caesim fério: Vv. preced. 
art. (Incido is, to make an incision, to 
dissect : cf. Cels. 5, 27, 3-) 

gasp (subs.): ], anbélitus, us: 
Cic.: Hor.: v. PANTING. Q, singultus, 
iis (convulsive): to shake, strain the 
side with long g.s (in death), longis s. 
ilia pulsare, Virg. Aen. 9, 4153; tendere, 
id. G. 3, 507: the last 9.s, extremi animae 
s., Stat. 

gasp (v.): 1, anhélo, 1: v. TO 
PANT, 9, singulto, 7 (convulsively) : 
to g. for breath, and voll the eyes (in 
death), s. animam et versare animam, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 333. (There is another 
form, singultio, 4: v. TO SOB.) 

gasping (pait. adj.): anhélus: v. 
PANTING. 

gastric: ad stomachum pertinens, 
or simply stomachi (depend. gen.): v. 
sTOMACH. G. fever, *febris genus quod 
gastricum appellatur (only as med. ¢. f.). 

gastronome: perh. *gulae magister - 
cf. Plin. 8, 17, 30, proceres gulae = the 
greatest gastronomes. 

gastronomy: perh. giila (by me- 
ton.): the provocatives of g., irritamenta 
gulae, Sall. Jug. 89, extr.: cf. Mart. 6, 
11, 6, non minus ingenua est mibi gula: 
v. GLUTTONY. 

gate: 1, porta (esp. of @ city or 
town: cf. Ov. Am. 1, 9, 20, hic [miles] 
portas frangit, at ille [amans] fores): 
before the g. of the town, ante p. oppidi, 
Caes.: Cic. Also of the entrances to a 
camp: v. Dict. Ant.s.v. castra. Fig.: 
the g.s of war, p. belli, Enn. in Hor. : 
the g.s of Cilicia (defile leading ito 
(’.), portae Ciliciae, Plin. Dimin., por- 
tila, a small g., Liv. 9. janua (of a 
private house): v. poor. Fig.: the g. 
of gloomy Dis (the grave), atri j. Dis, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 127; j. sepulcri, Ov. 315 
ostium (an entrance of any kind, more 
freq. the door of a house): before the 
prison g., ad o. carceris, Cic. Verr. 5, 45, 
118. Join: (extra) ostium limenque 
carceris, id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13. 4, postis, 
is, m. (strictly, the post of a gate, but 
used poet. for the gate itself: usu. pl.): 
he wrenches a g. from its hinges, postes 
a cardine vellit, Virg. Aen. 2,480. Fig.: 
the iron-shod gates of war, ferratos belli 
p., Enn. in Hor. Less freq. in sing. : 
at the g. of the temple of Hercules, ad 
Herculis postem, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 5- 5. 
foris, is, 7. (usu. of the gates of houses, 
of which foris strictly denotes a folding 
leaf : sing. rare): before the g.s (of the 
city) could be shut upon them, prius- 
quam fores portarum objicerentur, Liv. 
1, 14, extr.: V. DOOR. 6. claustra, 
orum (poet.: strictly fastenings, bar- 
riers): guard thou her iron g.s with an 
eternal lock, ferrea perpetua c. tuere 
sera, Mart. 10, 28, extr.: to leave behind 
the g.s of the city, c. (al. tecta) urbis 
relinquere, Ov. M. 4, 86. 

gate-keeper : janitor (whether of a 
house or other building): the g. of a 


jail, j. carceris, Cic. Verr. 5, 45, 118: of 


Hades (Cerberus), inferorum j.. Virg. 

gate-post : postis, is, m.: to hold the 
g. (of @ temple) by the hand, p. (aedis) 
tenere, Liv. 2, 8, ad fin.: Cic.: te affix 
any thing (as a notice) to the g. of the 
senate-house, aliquid in curiae poste 
figere, Cic. Att. 3, 15, med. 

gate-way: in most cases, porta or 
postis: v. GATE. The g. or entrance- 
works to the Acropolis at Athens, propy- 
laeum or pl -a: Cic.: Plin. 

gather: AY rams: |. To 
bring together: 1, colligo, légi, ctum, 
3. tog. together a large number of men, 
magnum numerum hominum c., Cic.: 


GATHERING: IN 





congrégo, I (to 
assemble, as a dispersed flock): to g- 
together scattered human beings, dis- 
persos homines {unum in locum] c. 
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 33: cf. id. Tuse. 1. 25, 
62, dissipatos homines congregavit et 
ad societatem vitae convocavit: Tac. 

3, conféro, tili, latum, 3 (of things 
rather than persons): to g. together corn 
from the country into a camp, irumen- 
tum ex agris in castra c., Caes. B. G. 4, 
31: V. TO BRING TOGETHER. 4, con- 
vého, xi, ctum, 3 (like confero): to g. 
fodder and corn (ot foragers), pabulum 
frumentumque c., Caes. B. G. 7, 74. 


5, cogo, 3: Vv. TO COLLECT. See 
also TO GATHER IN, OUP, etc. I]. Zo 
pluck ; as,a flower or fruit: 1, légo, 


legi, lectum, 3: to g. nuts, nuces L., Cic. 
de Or. 2, 66, 265: to g. flowers, flores 1, 
Virg. : Ov.: see also TO PICK UP. Comp. 
déligo. rare in this sense: tenui deligere 
ungue rosam, Ov. Her. 4, 30. h 
carpo, psi, ptum, 3: to g. herbs with the 
hands, herbas manibus c., Col.: v. TS 
PLUCK. Comp. decerpo: to g. fresh 
flowers, novos d. flores, Lucr. 4, 3: Hor.: 
Ov.  ‘|I|, Zo infer, conclude: 1, con- 
jicio. jeci, jectum, 3 (to put things to- 
gether and draw an inference): I soon 
g.'d that you were at Lanuvium, cito 
conjeci te Lanuvii fuisse, Cic. Att. 14, 
21, init.: Ter.: v.TO CONJECTURE. 2 
colligo, 3 (like preced.): from this you 
may g. how excessively I am engaged, ex 
eo ¢. possis quanta occupatione disti- 
near, Cic. Att. 2, 23, init.: Liv. 3; 
suspicor, 1 (to surmise): as far as [ 
can g. from the movement of your face, 
quantum moiu suspicor oris, Ov. M. 3, 
401: Vv. TO SUSPECT. B. Intrans.- 
|, To assemile : 1, congrégo, 1 
(with pron. vefl. or as pass. : v. supr. 1.): 
impious citizens were g.ing together 
impii cives unum se in locum congrega~ 
bant, Cic. Ph. 14, 6, init.: storks when 
about to migrate, g. together in one spot 
ciconiae abiturae congregantur in une 
loco, Plin. 2, convénio, 4: Vv. TL 
ASSEMBLE. I], To generate purulent 
matter: suppuro, 1: V- TO FESTER. 

gather in: i.e.togetincrops: 1 
percipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: to sow, to g. 
in, to house crops, serere, P., condere 
fructus, Cic. Sen. 7, 24: Plin. Oh 
condo, didi, ditum, 3 (to lay up, as ina 
granary): Vv. TO sTORE, and supr. (1). 

3, convého, xi, ctum, 3: to g. in 
produce, fructus ¢., Warr. L. L. 5, 6§ 35° 
to g. in harvests, messes ¢., Plin. 

—ryound: |. Trans.: toattach 
to oneself: 1, adscisco (asc.), ivi, 
itum, 3 (to admit to a body oy com- 
pany): to g. round oneself men of every 
class, cujusque generis homines ads., 
Sall. Cat. 24. 9. congrégo, convoco - 
v. TO GATHER (A.), ASSEMBLE. Il. 
Intrans.: to assemble about any one. 
confluo, affluo, 3: v. TO FLOCK TO, 

— uD: 1. colligo, légi, ctum, 3: 
to g. up baggage (before starting), vasa 
c., Cic.: Liv.: v. To coLtecT. Fig. 
to g. up the hair in a knot, capillos in 
nodum c., Ov. M. 3, 169: to g. up one’s 
toga, togam c., Mart. 7, 33. 2. sub- 
ligo, 3 (from beneatn): to g. up from 
under (the table) what might offend 
the guests, s. quod posset coenantes 
offendere, Hor. S. 2, 8, 12: Col.: v. TO 
rick ur. 8, tog. up again, récolligo, 
3: to g. up one’s robe again, stolam r., 
Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 9: Just. 

gatherer: expr. by pres. part. of 
nis (cf. L. G. § 638): V. TO GATHER 
diI.). 

gathering (subs.): 1, The act: 
collectio (together): the g. up of the 
limbs of Absyrtus, (membrorum Ab- 
syrti) c., Cic. Manil. 9, 22. Oftener expr 
by verb: im their eagerness of g., cat- 
pendi studio, Ov. M. 4, 443: v. TO 
GATHER; and foll. art. i]. A meet- 
ing of people: coetus, concilium: v. 
ASSEMBLY. 

— in (subs.): perceptio: the g. 
|in of the fruits (ef the earth), frugum 
| fructuumque p., Cic. Off. 2, 3, 122 OF 
| expr. by verb; v, preced. art. 








GAUDILY 


GENERAL, IN 





gaudily : perh. fficaté~ cf. Aus. post 
Id. 3, fucatius concinnata... . . plus 
coloris quam succi habere. 

gaudiness: 1, perh. sticus (rouge, 
paint): womanish vanity and g., effe- 
minata levitas et fuco ementitus (al. 
eminens) color, Quint. 8, 3, 6: ef. Cic. de 
Or. 3. 52, 199, fuco illitus color. 2d, 
lénécinium (meretricious ornament): Vv. 
FINERY. 

gaudy : 1. perh. fucatus (lit. 
tricked out with false colour): cf. Cic. 
Or. 23,79, fucaii medicamenta (cosme- 
tics) candoris et ruboris: a verse that is 
somewhat g., versus [quodam quasi fer- 
Tumine immisso] fucatior, Gell. 13, 26, 
extr.: a y. style of oratory, genus di- 
cendi fucatum atque praelinitum, cf. 
Gell. 7, 14, extr. 2. perh. versicdlor, 
Oris (wi h varied colours): brilliant and 
g. ovatory, translucida et v. elocutio, 
Quint. 8, pref.§ 20. Or expr. by cir- 
cuml., g. attire, *cultus elegantior, spe- 
ciosior, splendidior quam decet: v. 
SHOWY. 

gauge (v.): métior, 4: v. TO MEA- 
SURE. 

gauge (subs.): médiilus: Fig.: to 
measure oneself by one’s own g., metiri 
se suo m. [ac pede], Hor. Ep. 1, 7, extr.: 
Y. MEASURE. 

gauger : *doliorum s. cadorum men- 
SOr: V. MEASURER. 

gauntlet: 1, digitalia, ium: v. 
GLOVES. manicae, arum (prop. 
sleeves covering the arms): V. SLEEVE, 
GLOVE. Phr.: to take up the g. on be- 
half of any one, alicui propugnatorem 
se praestare, Suet. Caes. 16. 

gauze: perh. Coa vestis, or Coa, 
orum, 7. pl.: an exceedingly thin, trans- 
parent fabric, Plin. 11, 22, 26; described 
by Seneca as, vestis nil celatura, Ep. go, 
21: Hor. 

gauzy: praeténuis, subtilissimus: 
Vv. FINE, THIN. 

gavel-kind: Phr.: they follow the 
custom of g., *iis institutum est ut filii 
omnes ex arcquo jure hereditati (patri- 
monio) succedant. 

gay: . Cheerful: 1, festus: 
the q. theatres, f. theatra, Ov.: to lead on 
the g. dance, f. agere choros, Ov.: Plin. 
Ep.: v. FESTIVE. 2. laetus: to ex- 
change mourning for g. attire, luctum 
1. cultu mutare, Tac. Ann. 2, 75: v. JOY- 
FuL. §, hilaris,e: v.CHEERFUL.  |f, 
Lively, bright of hue: 1, fioridus: g. 
colours, colores f. (opp. to austeri), Plin. 
35,6,12. 2, végétus (lively) : a very 
g. colour, color vegetissimus, Plin. 21, 8, 
22) 8. splendidus: v. BRIGHT. 

gaze (v.): i.e. to look intently at: 

1, tueor, 2 (in this sense chiefly 

poet.): she takes fire as she g.s, ardescit 
tuendo, Virg. Aen. 1, 713. So the 
comps. intueor, contueor (both in Cic.): 
Vv. TO LOOK AT. 2. contemplor, 1 
(strictly, to lock at on all sides, atten- 
tivtly: esp. of the action of the mind) : 
Vv. TO SURVEY, CONTEMPLATE. 

gaze (subs.): 1, obtiitus, us (fixed, 
steady g.): fized in one y., ob. fixus in 
uno, Virg. Aen. 1, 495: the soul eludes 
the g. of the eyes, animus oculorum effu- 
gitob.,Cic.Tim.8. 2, ccnspectus, iis: 
Y. LOOK, SIGHT. 

gazelle: dorcas, adis, f.: Mart.: Plin. 

gazette: perh. acta diurna: v. JouR- 
NAL, NEWSPAPER. 

gazetteer: |. 4 writer of gazettes: 
*actorum diurnorum scriptor. i. 4 
book of topography: perh. itinérarium : 
V. ITINERARY. 

gazing-stock: spectacilum: to be 
the g. of one who is not a friend, homini 
non amico spectaculo esse, Cic. Att. 9, 
2, extr.: the captives are the g. of all, 
praebent spectacula capti, Ov. A. A. 2, 
581. See also LAUGHING-STOCK. 

gear: instrimenta, supellex: v. m- 
PLEMENT, FURNITURE, etc. 

gecko: lacertus: v. LIZARD. 

gehenna: géhenna: Vulg.: Tert. 

gelatine: (?) gliten, glitinum (any 
glutinous substance): Vv. GLUE. 

gelatinous: (?)glutinosus, v. GLU- 
TINOUS. 





geld: castro, 1: Col. 6, 26: Varr. 
gelder: castrfitor: ‘lert. (Better 
expr. by verb: v. preced, art.) 
gelding (swbs.): |. Uhe act or 
process : castratio : Col. 6, 26. 
horse that has been gelded: 
térius: Varr. R. KR. 2. 7, extr. 2. 
perh. curtus equus, cf. Hor. S. 1, 6, 1043 
aud ib. g, 70. 
gelid: gélidus: v. Icy. 
gelidity : gélu, gelidum frigus: v. 
COLD. 
gem: |. Lit.: a precious stone: 
gemma: cups studded with most bril- 
liant g.s, pocula g. clarissimis distincta, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62. Fig.: many g.s on 
his fingers, more in his poem, wultae in 
digitis, plures in carmine g., Mart. 5, £1. 
_ In fig. sense, a choice Wit in an 
author : flusciilus (flover): Sen. Ep. 33, 
I,7- in same simse Cic has Gr. avn, 
Att. 16, 11. If the “gem” is a short 
apophthegmatic sentence, chria, senten- 
tia, may be used, Quint. 1, 9, 3. 
gem (v. t7.): distinguo, nxi, netum, 
3: V. TO STUD, ADOKN. 
gemmed (part. adj.): gemmatus, 
gemmuns: V. JEWELLED. Fig.: grass 
g. with early dew, herbae gemmantes 
rore recenti, Lucr. 
gender: génus, éris, n.: im nouns 
there are three g.s, in nominibus tria g. 
sunt, Quint. 1, 4, 23: Varr. 
genealogical] : expr. by stirps, drigo, 
ete.: a g. work, *liber de origine fami- 
liarum scriptus, cf. Nep. Att. 18° to 
enter into long g. discussions, *multa 
de stirpibus, propaginibus disserere, 
quaerere: v. Nep. l. ¢. Ancient g. 
writers, antiqui genealogi, Cic. N. D. 
3, 17, 44: @ g. table, stemma, tis: 
Sen.: Juv.: v. PEDIGREE. 
genealogically: ex stirpe; generis 
ordine, etc.: Vv. GENEALOGY, RACE. 
genealogist: génealogus: Cic. N. D. 
3, 17, 44- 
genealogy: Phr.: to ascertain the 
g.s of great men, clarorum virorum pro- 
pagines cognoscere, Nep. Att. «8: he 
enumerated the g. of the Junian family 
from its origin in order, marking the 9. 
of each, Juniam familiam a stirpe ordine 
enumeravit, notans qui a quoque ortus 
(esset), Nep. I. c. 
general (adj.): _—_[, As opp. to spe- 
cific or particular: généralis, e: a cer- 
tain y. feature which appears in all 
virtue, g. quoddam, quod in omni hones- 
tate versatur, Cic. Off. 1, 27, 96: that is 
g., this specific, illud g., hoc speciale, 
Quint. 5, 10, 43: ag. definition, g. defi- 
nitio, Ulp. Dig. 28, 5,4§$1- Phr.: to 
attend to the g. drift of a speech, uni- 
versitati (sermonis) attendere, Plin. 1, 
8, 3. ||. Widely-spread : vulgaris, e: 
the g. customs of men, v. hominum con- 
suetudo, Cic.: v. common. To make g., 
vulgo, I: V. TO PROPAGATE, SPREAD. 
II]. Shared by all: 1, communis, 
e: they deplored the g. danger, c. peri 
culum miserebantur, Caes.: Cic.: v. 
COMMON. 2. publicus: v. PUBLIC. 
3. iiniversus (taken all together ; 
affecting the whole): a g. engagement, 
u. dimicatio, Liv. 22, 32, ad med. IV. 
As opp. to exact: vulgaris, e: if not so 
according to that refined definition, yet 
according to this g. [popular] sense, it 
(eloquence) is an art, si minus illa sub- 
tili definitione, at hac v. opinione ars 
est, Cic. de Or. I, 23, 109: V. COMMON. 
See also foll. art. 
general, in; as adverb. phr. : Te 
ad summam (summing-up: Gr. év xeba- 
Aaiw): in g., not to go into particulars, 
ad s., ne agam de singulis, Cic. Off. 1, 
41, extr. 2, in itiniversum (as a 
whole ; taking a g. view): to look at (a 
nation) in g., in u. aestimare, Tac. Agr. 
11: Liv 3, in comminé (= preced. : 
rare): this we have learnt respecting the 
origin of all the Germans in g., baec in 
c. de omnium Germanorum origine ac- 
cepimus, lac. Ger. 27. 4, expr. by 
iiniversus, tiniversitas (the latter late) : 
to thank people individually and in g., 
singulis et universis gratias agere, Cic. in 
Sen. 12,30: to regard the interests of the 


GENERALLY 





' 
| human race im g., universe generi hom- 
inum cousulere, Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 164: to 
treat of agriculture in g. (opp. ws parti- 
cularly), de universitate [agriculturae] 
disserere, Col. pret. eztr.: Plin. jun. 
general, to become: 1. incré- 
bresco (-besco), crébrui (-bui), 3: this 
custom which has become g., haec cmsue- 
tudo quae increbruit, Cie. Phil. 14, §, 12: 
Plin. 9. crébrescvo (-besco), 3. Licence 
was becoming g., licentia crebrescebat, 
Tac. Aun. 3, 60. Sve alsu GENERALLY. 
general (8//ds.) : 1, dux, dicis, 
c.: a great g., magnus d., Liv.: a con- 
summate q., summus d., Cle. (o appoint 
ag.toanarmy, pravticere d. exercitui, 


Cic. 2. impérator (commander-in- 
chief: cf Cic. Off. 3, 26, ad fin., duce 
Xanthippo J.acedaemonio, ‘mperatore 


autem patre Hanuibalis Ilamilcare): the 
duties of a lieutenant are different from 
those of a g.in chief, aliae sunt legati 
partes, aliae imperatoris, Cues. B.C. 3, 
51: a wise and sagacious g., sapiens et 
callidus i., Cic. luv. 1, 34, 58: a first- 
rate g., summusi., Cic. Hence, belong- 
ing to a g. (in chief), imperatwrius: 
the labours of a g., labor imperatorius, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62. 3. praetor 
(obsol.), whence adj. praetorius, belong- 
ing toa (Roman) g.. te g.’s lent, prae- 
torium (sc. tabernaculum), Caes.: Liv. 
the g.’s body-guard, pravtoria cobors: 
v. Dr. Smith's Dict. Ant. s. v. praeto- 
riani. Phr.: to be g., exercitui prae- 
esse (Vv. TO COMMAND): to appoint any 
one g., aliquem exercitui praeticere, prae- 
ponere (v. TO apporxT, L., 5, 6). 

generalissimo : 1, impérator: 
v. preced. art. 9, dux, diicis (with 
some accompanying word: v. preced. 
art., 1): the g. of the Greeks (Agamem- 
non), d. ille Graecorum, Cic. Sen. 10, 31. 
Phr.: he made him g. of his entire 
forces, praefecit eum omnibus suis co 
piis: v. TO APPOINT (I., 5, 6). 

generality: |. The most part; 
the multitude : ], plérique: v. most. 

2. vulgus: v. MULTITUDE. il. 

a vague general statement : esp. in pl.: 
communes loci: cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 27, 
106. Phr.- an exordium that deals in 
mere g.s, commune exordium, Cic. Inv. 
I, 18, 26. 

generalization: expr. by verb: 
*quod in summam dicitur; quod ex sin- 
gulis rebus collectum universe praedic- 
atur. 

generalize: summatim (in sum- 
mam), universe, de aliqua re loqui: v. 
GENERAL (IN), GENERALLY (1.). 

generally: |. opp. w specially, 
in particular: 1. générat'm: ¢o speak 
particularly rather than g. and unvver- 
sally, singillatim potius quam @ atque 
universe loqui, Cic. Verr 5, 55. 143: 
Quint. 9. gtnéraliter (this and the 
foregoing have the strict logical sense): 
to define a thing g., aliquid g. definire, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 39: to understand a 
thing g. or specially, aliquid g. et spe- 
cialiter accipere, Quint. 5, 10, 42. is 
iniversé (as a whole, without particu- 
lars: rare): my other commissions I 
gave him g.; but this pa: ticularly, cevera 
u. mandavi ; illud probe, Cic. Att 5, 2, 
ad init.: also, in universum (Vv. GENE- 
RAL, IN). 4, summatim (as one sum- 
ming up): to sketch a sutgect briefly 
and g., de re breviter ac S. percurrere, 
Cic.: Vv. SUMMARILY. , Strictim: v. 
CURSORILY. Il. or the most part; 
commonly ; ], plérumque (in the 
majority of cases): these things are 
accidental ; for they htppen g., not al- 
ways, haec fortuita sunt; p. enim, non 
semper eveniunt, Cic. Div. 2, 5, 14: 
Caes.: Hor.: Vv. MOSTLY. 2. vulge 
(commonly) : people g. said that Antony 
would remain at Casilinum, v. loque- 
hantur Antonium mansurum esse Casi- 
lini, Cic. Att. 16, 10: V.COMMONLY. 3, 
féré, fermé: v. USUALLY. 4. alldqui, 
Alioquin (lit. otherwise, in all besides: 
when an exception to a general rule is 
implied): if my nature is blemished 
with a few faults, and those trifling 
ones, whilst g. correct, si vitiis mediocri- 

335 








GENERALSHIP 


GENTILE 





bus ac mea paucis mendosa est natura, 
alioqui recta, Hor. S. 1, 6, 66: on which 
occasion Caesar, who was g. jirm in 
rejecting honours, etc., qua occasione 
Caesar, a. validus spernendis honoribus, 
etc.: Tac. Ann. 4, 37: V. OTHERWISE. 
generalship: |, The act of com- 
manding an army: 1, ductus, ts: 
he conducted the war most admirably by 
his g. rem optime d. suo gessit, Cic. 
Manil. 21, init.: by the valour and g. 
of Ventidius, virtute et d. Ventidii, Vell. 
25°98: 2. expr. by dux, imperator, 
in abl. absol. constr. : (Pausanias) under 
whose g. Mardonius had been routed, 
quo duce M. fugatus erat, Nep. Arist. 2: 
Hor. Od. 1, 2, eztr. Il. Skill of a 
commander: consilium: (Varus) defi- 
cient in g., imperatoris consilio defectus, 
Vell. 2, 120: cf. Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 16, con- 
silium illud imperatorum fuit, quod 
Graeci orpamjynua appellant: Caes. 
Join: consilio ac virtute, Cic. Manil. 
4, to. Sometimes scientia (peritia) rei 
militaris may serve, cf. Cic. 1. c. § 28. 
generate: géuéro, gigno, procreo, 
pario: Vv. TO BEGET, PRODUCE. 
generation: |. Vhe act of beget- 
ting or producing: 1. procreatio: 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31: V. PROCREATION, 
Q. génératio (rare): the y. of fishes, 
piscium g,, Plin. 9, 50, 74. (There is a 
work of Aristotle’s with the current 
title de Generatione =7epi yeveoews.) 
8. génitira (rare): the g. of birds 
and quadrupeds, alitum quadrupedum- 
que g., Plin. 18, 24, 56. 4. expr. by 
verb: the g. of females is the more 
rapid, feminas celerius gigni quam 
mares, Plin. 7, 4, 3- the g. of birds is 
Jrom eggs, aves ex ovis generantur: v. 
TO GENERATE. The organs of y., géni- 
talia: V. GENITALS. Il. 4 single suc- 
cession in natural descent : 1, séci- 
lum or saecilum (am age): many g.s of 
men, multa s. hominum, Cic. Rep. 6, 22: 
Liv. sp. with ethical reference: O 
infamy of our g., 0 nostri infamia s.! 
Ov.: v. AGE. Q, aetas: he was living 
his third g., tertiam aet. hominum vive- 
bat, Cic. Sen. 10, 31: Amphiaraus per- 
tshed one g. before the Trojan war, 
obiit A. un& aet. ante Iliacum bellum, 
Plin. 16, 44, 87. (N.B—The preced. 
words have wider uses than the Eng, 
and both occur also—centwi'y: cf. Cic. 
de Or. 2, 39, 154; Ov. Met. 12, 188.) 
Ill. Offspring, progeny: genus, pro- 
génies: v. RACE. 
generative: 1, génitalis, e: the 
g. principles of matter, g. semina rerum, 
Lucr. 1, 59: the g. organs, g. partes cor- 
poris, Lucr. 4, 1041; g. membra, Ov. 
Am. 2, 3, 3: V. GENITALS. 2. géni- 
alis, e: esp. of the marriage bed, g. 
lectus, Cic. Clu. 5, 14. 
generator: 1, générator, f. trix: 
Cic.: Virg. 2. procreator, f. trix: 
Cic.: v. PARENT. 
generic: généralis, e: v. GENERAL (I.). 
generically: génére: quod ad genus 
attinet : v. KIND (subs.). 
generosity: bénignitas: a g. beyond 
one’s means, b. major quam facultates, 
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 42; where, as elsewhere, 
Cic. uses benignitas, liberalitas, benefi- 
centia, as syn. See also, KINDNESS, 
LIBERALITY. 
generous: |. Of good breeding: 
générosus: no one of more g. biood than 
thou, nemo generosior te, Hor. S. 1, 6, 2: 
Virg.: more fully, generosus sanguine, 
Ov. Met. 14, 698. Join: generosus ac 
nobilis, Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20. Fig.: g. 
wine, g. vinum, Hor. Ep. 1,15, 18. — I, 
Noble-minded, liberal : 1, générosus: 
Vv. HIGH-SPIRITED: cf. also Quint. 5, 11, 
3. (N.B.—Not to be used in sense of 
merely kind, liberal.) 2, bénignus 
(bountiful, kind): more g. than one's 
means allow, benignior quam res pati- 
tur, Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44: Vv. KIND. 
libéralis, e (esp. with ref. to giving 
money): Sall.: Cic.: v. LIBERAL. 
genesis: |. Origin: bdrigo, nis, 
f, : v. ORIGIN. |]. The book so called : 
génésis, is or eos, f.: Vulg.. Tert. 
genial: |. Relating to generation: 
336 








génialis, génitalis: v. GENERATIVE. See 


alsO PROLIFIC, FOSTERING. Il. Cheer- 
ing, giving enjoyment: génialis, e: ag. 
day, g. dies, Juv. 4, 66: g. winter, g. 
hiems, Virg. G. 1, 302: the g. grape, g. 
uva, Ov. —‘ |. Of disposition: nearty 
and sympathetic: 1, perh. bénignus: v. 
GENEROUS, (Stat. Th. 12,618, has geniales 
divi, of Bacchus and Ceres, appy. in 
kindred sense to this.) 2, perh. comis, e 
(friendly, affable): ef. Hor. S. 1, 10, 53. 

geniality: perh. geniale quoddam 
ingenium : v. preced. art. 

genially: génialiter (jovtally): Ov. 
Met. 11, 95. 

genital (adj.): génitalis: v. GENE- 
RATIVE, NATAL. 

genitals (subs.): 1, génitalia, um, 
nm. (strictly adj.): Cels.: Col. The sing. 
also occurs, Cels. 4, 1, ad jin.: Plin.; 
and the adj. with partes or membra 
(membrum) expressed: V. GENERATIVE. 

2. natiralia, ium (like preced.): 

Col.: Cels. The sing. naturale also oc- 
curs, Cels. 7, 26, 1: also, loca naturalia, 
Cels. 8. natira (by euphemism) : 
Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56. The same organs 
are also designated, in the male, virilia, 
Plin.: Petr.; also, pénis, is, m., Sall.: 
Cic.; véretrum, Suet.: Phaedr.: in the 
female, muliebria, Tac.; or muliebres 
loci, Varr. L. L. 5, 2, 15; or simply loci, 
loca (also used of the womb, Cic.): Col. 
8, 11, med.: Coel. Aur. (rarely veretrum 
muliebre, Coel. Aur.): in either sex, 
pudenda, orum, Auson.; vérenda, orum, 
Plin.; pubes, is, Virg.: Plin.: Cels. 
Arva muliebria (Lucr.), arvum genitale 
(Virg.) = muliebria, are poet. 5 

genitive: génitivus casus: Quint. 
I, 5, 62: also simply genitivus, Gram. 
passim. 

genius: |. Jental power : ‘A 
ingénium (including all natural endow- 
ments): a liberal vein of (poetic) g., in- 
geni benigna vena, Hor. Od. 1, 18, 10: 
men of most eminent g., praestantissi- 
mis i. homines, Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 51 
writers of great g., scriptorum magna i,, 
Sall. Cat. 8. (N.B.—Ingenium must not 
be used alone, to denote what we mean 
by genius.) Q. indoles, is (= preced., 
but oftener used of disposition and 
moral qualities) : a profound g., alta i., 
Liv. 21, 2, med.: v. DISPOSITION. Cic. 
has, [summa] ingenii indoles, Ph. 11, 13, 
33. 8. génius (v. rare): ef. Juv. 6, 
562. I]. 4 natural gift or adapted- 
ness of mind: ], facultas: v. FA- 
CULTY. 2. (in certain phr. by me- 
ton.): Minerva (as the tutelary goddess 
of men of genius): contrary to one’s 
natural g., invita, ut aiunt, Minerva [id 
est adversante et repugnante natura}, 


Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110: Hor.: of rude g., 
crassa M., Hor. S. 2, 2, 3. I. 4 man 
of great natural power : 1, vir in- 


génidsus (highly endowed): ef. Cic. 'Tusc. 
I,33,80. 2, (by meton., like our “ wit,” 
but only so in pl.) ingénium: eminent 
geniuses (writers), praeclara i., Sall. Cat. 
8: cf. supr. (I.1). (Or expr. by circum. 
with ingenium, etc.: as, vir praeclaro in- 
genio, summo ingenio praeditus ; alta vir 
indole, etc.: v.supr.1.). JY. A tutelary 
being: génius (supposed to attend each 
man): Hor.: Liv.: ef. Dict. Biog. and 
Myth. IL. 241. 
genteel: élégans, politus: v. ELE- 
GANT, POLITE. 
genteelly ; cléganter: v. ELEGANTLY. 
gentian: gentiana: Plin.: M.L 
gentile (adj.): |, _Appertaining 
to a family (gens): 1, geutilis, e: 
ag. name, nomen g., Suet. Ner. 43: Cic. 
(who uses the word chiefly as subs.). 
2. gentilicius (-tius): — preced., of 
which it is strictly an adject. form: g. 
names, g. nomina, Suet. Cl. 25, med.: 
Liv.: v. FAMILY (adj.): Il. Relating 
to the Gentiles : 1, ethnicus (Gr. é6- 
vexos): Prud.: August.: v. HEATHEN. 
. gentilis, e: g. literature, g. lite- 
rae, Prud.: Hier. 3. expr. by gen. of 
gentes, natiOnes: v. foll. art. 
gentile (subs.): 1, homo ethnicus, 
gentilis: v. preced. art. 2. in pl. 


gentes, ium (= Gr, €6m), f.: Vulg. Act. | 





GENTLENESS 


xiii., 46: August. 3, nationes, um, f. ; 
Arnob., whose apologetic work is em 
titled, “adversus nationes:” Vert. 

gentility; elégantia: v. ELEGANCE, 
REFINEMENT. 

gentle: |. Well-born: générosus: 
a virgin of g. and noble birth, g. ac no- 
bilis virgo, Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20. Anaxarete 
of g. blood, A. generosa sanguine, Ov. 
Met. 14, 698. V NOBLE. Il. Miia, 
soft: 1, lenis, €: a very g. wind, 
lenissimus ventus, Cic.: Caes.: to cook 
at a g. fire, |. ignicoquere, Plin. Fig.- 
g. torture, 1. tormentum, Hor. Od. 3, 21, 
13. very g. (clement) towards foes. in 
hostes lenissimus, Cic. R. Am. 53, 154 
to be as g. as possible (with any one), 
quam lenissimum se praebere, Cic. 9, 
clémens, ntis (rare in lit. sense: V. CLE- 
MENT): @ g. breeze, c. flamen, Cat. 64, 
272: a_g. stream, c. flumen, cf. Ov. 9, 
116. Fig.: @ g. reproof, c. castigatio, 
Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137: V. MILD. 3, man- 
suétus (strictly, tame: q. v.): this I 
ask, why has he so suddenly become g. 
(tame) in the senate, when he was so 
Jjierce in his edicts? illud quaero, cur 
tam subito m. in senatu fuerit, cum in 
edictis tam fuisset ferus? Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 
23: @ very g. disposition, mansuetis- 
simum ingenium, Val. Max. 2, 4, 11: 
Prop. 4, mitis, e (Vv. MILD): a g. 
river, m. fluvius, Virg, Aen. 8, 88. 
Fig.: the g.r emotions, mitiores affectus, 
Quint. 5, 13, 2. Join: (homo) mitis- 
simus atque lenissimus, Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 
To. 5, placidus: v. CALM, PEACEFUL. 
To become g., mitescere, Liv.; mansues- 
cere, Virg.; mollescere, Lucr. (v. TO 
SOFTEN): to make g., mitigo, lénio, mol- 
lio: Vv. TO SOFTEN, ASSUAGE. — [|], Gra- 
dual; as a gentle incline: 1, mollis, 
e: ag. inclination, m. fastigium, Caes. 
B.C. 2, 10: to sink with a g. slope to 
the plain (of hills), se molli demittere 
clivo, Virg. E. 9, 8: Ov. 2. lenis, e: 
a g. (gently rising) eminence, |. fasti- 
gium, Caes. B. C. 2, 24. 3. clémens, 
tis: Apul. (better clementer editus, as- 
surgens : V. GENTLY, I1.). 

gentleman: |. 4 man of good 
| family: (homo) générésus: v. 
GENEROUS (I.), 2. (homo) liber, in. 
génuus (every free citizen being in an- 
cient states a gentleman): I don’t think 
it the part of a g. at all, neutiquam 
officium liberi esse hominis puto, Ter. 
Andr. 2, I, 30: @ young g., liber adoles- 
cens, id. Eun. 3, 2, 24: @ free-born g., 
and educated as such, homo ingenuus et 
liberaliter educatus, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 57. 

3. (hémo) nobilis (of the class of 

nobiles): the culture proper to a [high- 
born] g., omnis [liberalis et] digna ho- 
mine n. doctrina, Cic. Acad. 2, init. 4, 
(homo, vir) honestus (of honourable sta- 
tion): a number of young gentlemen, 
complures adolescentes honesti, Caes, 
B.C. 1, 51: cf. Cic. Mur. 36, 75, honestus 
homo et nobilis (but the adj. denotes 
the enjoyment of some distinction). 
Phr.: the accomplishments of gentle- 
men, artes quibus liberales doctrinae at- 
que ingenuae continentur, Cic. de Or. 3, 
32,129, ||. A well-bred man : (homo) 
libéralis (the adj. liberalis denoting what 
ts becoming a free citizen): to act the 
part of ag.,. viri officium fungi, Ter. 
Ad. 3, 4, 18: a g. by education if not 
by birth, *si minus honesto loco ortus, 
attamen omni liberali doctrina atque 
humanitate instructus: v. supr. (1). 

gentlemanly: _ 1, libérialis, e (e- 
Jitting a free citizen): he has a g. figure, 
est illi 1. facies, Plin, Ep. 1, 14, 8: ef. 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 95. 2. ingénuus (be- 
Jitting one free-born): cf. GENTLEMAN 
(L., Phr.); and see LIBERAL, INGENUOUS. 

3, bOnestus: v. HONOURABLE; and 

cf. GENTLEMAN (L, 4). 

gentleness: 1, lénitas: surpris- 
tiny g. (of a current), incredibilis L, 
Caes. B. G.1,12. Fig.: to recall men’s 
minds to g. and pity, mentes ad 1. mi- 
sericordiamque revocare, Cic. 2. cle- 
mentia (only of mental qualities): v. 
CLEMENCY, 3, Mansuétiido (lit. tame 
ness; hence, gentle conduct where se- 








GENTLEWOMAN 
verity might have been expected) : 
show clemency ime 


and g. towards any one, | st 


GESTATION 


tu moribus et populis Germaniae ;” 


clementia ac m. in aliquem uti, Caes. | and of Mela, “de situ orbis.” 


B.G 2,14. g. of character, m. morum, 
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 32. 
gentlewoman: (femina, mulier) li- 
béra, ingénua, hénesta with the same 
distinctions as in the case of gentleman: 
q. Vv. See also LADY. 
gently: |. Softly, without vio- 
lence : 1, léniter: the torrent rushes 
move g. down, torrens lenius decurrit, 
Oy.: toact too g., lenius agere, Caes.: v. 
GENTLE (i, 1). 9, clémenter (usu.= 
with mildness, clemency : see also infr. 
IL.) . the South winds breathe more g., 
spirant clementius Austri, Stat.. to treat 
any one g., aliqueme. tractare, Plin. Ep. 
8, 24, 5: Cic.: Vv. MILDLY, MERCIFULLY. 
3, mansuété (for syn. V GENTLE): 
to do anything mildly, g., justly, mode- 
rately, aliquid clementer, m., juste, mo- 
derate agere, Cic. Mare. 3, 9: ungentle 
things must be g handled, m. imman- 
sueta tractanda sunt, Sen. 4, mité 
(esp. in compar. or sup.): he addresses 
the ambassadors as g. as possible, legatos 
quam mitissime appellat, Caes. B. C. 7, 
43. (Positive only ‘n Apul.) 5, mol- 
liter (softly, easily: without harshness 
or wrritation): to take a thing g., ali- 
quid m, ferre, Cic. Sen. 2, 5: ef. Liv. 30, 
3, med., molliter abnuere, 6, pla- 
cidé ov. CALMLY. ll. Gradually: 
1, léniter a hill rising g., collis 1. 
acclivis [ab infimo], Caes. B. G. 7, 19; 1. 
editus, Liv. Q. clémenter: a g. ris- 
ing ridge, [molle et] cl. editum jugum, 
Tac. G. 1 Join: clementer et mol- 
liter (assurgens collis], Col. 2, 2, intt. 
3. molliter: hills sloping down as 
g. as possible, quam mollissime devexi 
colles, Col. 1, 2, med.: v.supr. (2). 4, 
sensim: Vv. GRADUALLY. 
gentry: homines boni, honesti: v. 
RESPECTABLE. Phr.: the landed g., 
homines pecuniosi et locupletes, cf. Cic. 
Rep. 2, 9: or simply agrorum posses- 
sores (which, however, does not neces- 
sarily imply ownership): Vv. LAND- 
OWNER. 
genuine: | 
spurious admixtures, opp. to counter- 
feit): to distinguish the counterfeit and 
pretended from the g. and real, fucata 
atque simulata a sinceris atque veris in- 
ternoscere, Cic. Am. 25, 94: g. (unadul- 
terated) saffron, s. crocus, Plin. 21, 6, 
17. —-2, germanus (thorough-going, as 
if born or made so): ag. man of busi- 
ness, g. negotiator, Cic. Att. 1, 18, extr.: 
Vv. NATIVE. 8. génuinus (not so in 
Cic.): the most thoroughly g. of all the 
comedies of Plautus, Plauti comoedia 
omnium maxime g., Gell. 3, 3, med. 
4, mérus (undiluted): v. SHEER. 
5, authenticus- Ulp. Dig.: v. 


1, sincérus (without 


AUTHENTIC. 6, VéruS: V. TRUE, REAL. 
genuinely: sincere, vere: v. 
REALLY. 


genuineness: expr. by adj.: the 
test of g. (freedom fiom adulteration) 
in saffron is..., probatio sinceri (croci) 
si..-, Plin. 21, 6,17: the g. of this play 
of Euripides is disputed, *parum con- 


stat inter criticos, haeccine fabula genu- | 


ina Euripidis sit an non: v. GENUINE. 
genus: génus, éris, n.: ag. is that 
which includes several species, as ani- 
mals, g. est quod plures partes amplec- 
titur, ut animal, Cic. Inv. 1, 22, 32. 
geographer: gedgraphus : Amm. 
22. 1§ (or geographicus, acc. to anal. of 
historicus). (Chorographis in Vitr. 8, 
2, 6, ed. Schneid, should prob, be chora- 
graphiis.) u 
geographical: sedgriphicus (Cic. 
writes yewypadixds, Att. 2, 6): Amm. 
May often be expr. by situs, coelum : 
the g. position and natural features (of 
a city), situs atque natura loci, Cic. 
Verr §, 10, 26: in extent and g. posi- 
ton, spatio ac coelo, Tac. Agr. Io. v. 
SITUATION, CLIMATE. 
geography; 1. gedgriphia: Cic. 
tt. 2, 4. expr by situs, as: to 
treat briefly of the g. of Africa, Africae 
situm paucis exponere Sall, Jug. 17: 





geological: *gedlégicus: as scient. 
t. t.: V. GEOLOGY. 

geologically: *gedlvgice 

geologist: *gedlégus or gedldgicus 
cf. GEOGRAPHER. 

geology: *gedlégia (this and preced. 
words to be used only where scientific 
accuracy requires). Or expr. by cir- 
cuml., to be fond of g., *crustae terrae 
(cf. Ulp. Dig. 39, 2, 9, §2, soli crusta) 
investigandae studere. 

geomancer: geomantiae peritus: v. 
foll. art. Or as gen. term, conjector, cf. 
Cic. Div. 2, 65, 134. 

geomancy: geomantia: Isid. Or. 8, 
9, 13: or by circumL, *divinatio quae 
ex terra fit: v. Isid. 1. c. 

geometer: 1. gedOmetres, ae, m.: 
Cic. Acad. 2, 7, 22: Juv. (The forms 
geometra and geometer, tri, are of ques- 
tionable authority.) 2. zedmetricus 
Quint. 1,10, go. (The latter term esp. 
in pl., when speaking of geometricians 
generally.) 

geometrical: geometricus: Cic. 

geometrically: *geometrice (Cic. 
uses yewmeTpixas, Att. 12, 5): or better, 
geometrica ratione, geometricis rationi- 
bus, ef. Cic. Acad. 2, 36, 117. 

geometrician: Vv. GEOMETER. 

geometry : 1, gedmetria, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 33, 106. 9. gedmetricé, és 
(sc. ars): Plin. 35, 10, 36,§8 (where, 
however, Ianus reads geometria). Phr.: 
to be acquainted with g., geometrica di- 
dicisse, Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57- 

georgic: i.e. a poem on husbandry : 
Georgicum carmen, Col. 7, 5 (where the 
poem of Virgil is so designated): or in 
pl., Georgica, On, n.: Virg.: Gell. (N.B. 
Never -orum in gen. pl.). 

germ: |. The embryo plant in a 
seed: perh. gemma (v. BUD) : or in scient. 
lang., germen, inis, m. (in class. authors, 
that which springs from the seed: cf. 
Plin. 18, 10, 21). Il. Fig.: the first 
principle of anything: 1, semen, 
inis, n. (lit. seed): the g.s of all things, 
s. rerum, Lucr. 1, 60: as tt were the first 
principles and g.s of virtue, initia quae- 
dam ac s. virtutum, Quint. 2, 20, 6. 

9, initium, primordium (rare in 

this sense in sung.) : V. ELEMENT. 

german: |. Of the same kin: 

1, cognatus: v. KINDRED. > 

germanus: chiefly used as subs., v. 
BROTHER, SISTER. Il. Belonging to 
Germany : , Germanus (strictly 
subs., and used of the people): Caes.: 
Tac. Rarely as adj. (poet.): Ov. A. A. 
3, 163: Pers. , Germanicus (only 
as adj., relating to the country or people 
of Germany): a G. war, bellum G., 
Caes.: the G. language, G. sermo, Suet. 
Cal. 47. Phr. to talk G., *Germanice 
loqui: cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15. 

germander-speedwell: *veronica 
chamaedrys: Linn. 

germane: affinis, e: 
CONNECTED. 

germinate: germino, 1: it g.s the 
very day it is sown, g. eadem die quo 
injectum est, Plin. 13, 24, 46. 

germination : 1, germinatio: 
Col.: Plin. 9, germinatus, tis: Ptin. 

gerund: gérundium: Prisc. 8, 9, 
init.: ef. ib. §46. Diom. (In Charis. 2, 
144, the gerunds are called supina; also 
in Prise. 1. c. $45.) 

gerundive: gérundivus (modus) : 
Serv. (in Pris. 8, 9, §45. the gerundives 
are included under gerundia vel supina.) 

gestation: Phr.. time of g., par- 
tus gerendi tempus, Plin. 7, 5, 4: te 
period of g. for the hind is eight montis, 
cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus, 
Plin. 8, 32, 50. (the elephant) is com- 
monly supposed to be ten years in 
g- decem annis gestare in utero volgus 
existimat, Plin. 8, 10, ro (but in both 
the above cases, the acc, of the time 
would be more regular): the mare is 
twelve months in g., equa ventrem fert 
duodecim menses, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 


Vv. KINDRED, 





GET 








to| cf. the title of the works of Tac., “de | Col. 6, 24, init.: in ventre esse (said of 


the colt), Varr. R. R. 2, 8, extr. (Ges 
tatio infantium, which occurs in Lact 
3, 22, extr., is the carrying of children 
in the arms.) 

gesticulate: 1. jacto, 1 (with 
acc. of pron. refl., or of some part of the 
body): to g. tn one’s own peculiar way, 
se suo more j., Cic. Br. 60, 217: to g. 
with the head, and shake the hair loose, 
caput j. et comas excutere, Quint. 11, 3, 
71: cf. jactare cerviculam, Cic. Verr. 3, 
19, 49. See also subs. 2. gestum 
ago, égi, actum, 3 (v. foll. art): & g. 
with Roscius for a spectator, g. agere 
spectante Roscio, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 233. 
(Gesticulor usu. of dancing: cf. Suet. 
Ner. 40.) 

gesticulation: 1. jactatio (with 
depend. gen.: throwing the body about): 
Frantic g.s, fanaticae corporis j., Liv. 
39, 13, med,: moderate g. (‘‘action’’), 
modica corporis j., Cic. Or. 25, extr. 

9. gestus, iis (esp. of histrionic or 

rhetorical g.): g.8 of actors, histrionum 
gestus, Cic. Off. 1, 36, 130: cf. Auct. 
Her. 3, 15, 26. 3, motus, is (often 
of pantomimic g.s; also rhetorical) : 
they went through not ungraceful g.s, 
haud indecoros m. dabant, Liv. 9, 2: 
wild g.s, m. incompositi, Virg. G. 1, 350: 
rapid and difficult g. (of a speaker), celer 
m. et difficilis, Cic. Br. 30, eztr. 4 
gesticilatio (e. g. digitorum): Suet. ‘lib. 
68. See also GESTURE. 

gesticulatory: *quod per (corporis) 
gestus fit: v. preced. art. 

gesture: 1, gestus, ts (the car- 
riage of the body generally; also any 
particular g.): to assume new g.s and 
looks, g. vultunque capere noyum, Ter. 
Ph. 5,6, 50: to indicate by a g., gestu 
significare, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 36: to be guilty 
of a fault in g., in gestu peccare, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 27, fin.: comp. Quint. 11, 3, 
66, sqq.- 2. motus, Os (any move 
ment): such were their features, g., pos- 
ture, eo erant vultu, g., statu, Cic. ‘use. 


3, 22, 33. See also GESTICULATION. 
get: A, Trans: ]. To ac 
quire: 1. nanciscor, nactus or nanc- 


tus, 3 (to fall in with, obtain by chance) : 
where did you g. that ring? unde annu- 
lum istum nactus es? Ter. Hee. §, 3, 
27. when I g. more leisure, quum plu 
otii nactus ero, Cic. Fam. 3, 7, init.: v. 
TO FIND (3). 2, Adipiscor, adeptus, 
3: V. TO OBTAIN. 8, invénio, véni, 
ventum, 4 (to “come by”): he was the 
jirst to g. the name, primus coguomen 
invenit, Cic. Fin. 1, 7,23: to g. money 
honestly, pecuniam bono modo i., Plin. 
", 42, 45. 4, répério, péri, rtum, 4 
(comp. TO FIND, 2): to g. wealth and 
glory by arms, rem et belli gloriam 
armis r., Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60: it got its 
name from its discoverer, nomen ex 
inventore reperit, Cic. Div. 1, 10, intt. 

5, capio, percipio, 3 (esp. of obtain- 
ing profits or returns from anything) : 
he gets 600 sestertia from his farms, 
capit ille ex suis praediis sexcenta ses- 
tertia, Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49° fe g. alarge 
income from oyster preserves, Magna 
vectigalia ex ostrearum vivariis p., 
Plin. 9, 54, 79: V- TO RECEIVE. : 
impetro, 1 (by entreaty): to g. what 
you ask with good-will, quod postules 
cum gratia i, Ter. Andr. 2, §, 11: V. 
infr. (Il. Phr.). Phr.. to g money, 
rem facere, Hor. Fp. 1, 1, 65: what you 
will g. (by the transaction), quod ad te 
redibit, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 28. he g.s every 
vote, omne tulit punctum, Hor. A. P. 
343: Cic.. tog. help from any one, ali- 
cunde opem auferre, Cic. Quint. 9, 32: 
to g. an ansi er from any one, ab aliquo 
responsum auferre, Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 
239 where should I g. my bread from? 
unde mihi cibos peterem? PL (v. To 
SEEK)* to g. a beating, vapulare (v. TO 
BEAT, A., 1., 6) to g. tnformation, cog- 
noscere, reperire (Vv. TO ASCERTAIN) to 
g. a woman with child, (mulierem) 
praegnantem facere, Juv. 6, 405. ih. 
To see to it that something is done; to 
induce: Phr.; tog. anything made or 


med,: we also find, ventrem perferre, | done, aliquid faciendum curare, Cic. 


337 


GET ABROAD 





Dur. 1. 24, 48: Caes. B. G. 1, 13 (¥. TO | 


swe) to g.a person to do something, 
_D,cirare, foll. by depend. clause with 
ut (Vv. TO PREVAIL UPON). B, I[n- 
trans. |. To become: fio, factus, 
fiéri: v. To BecomE. Phr.- to g. rich 
fast, celeriter locup!etari, Col. 6, pref. 
med. : 
Am. 1, 3, 4:: Cic.: it is getting dark, 
vesperavrit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 7 (tene- 
brescit is without good authority): may 
sometimes be expr. by an incept. verb: 
to g. hot, cold, etc., calescere, frigescere 
(where see the several adjj.). {|. Vo 
arrive at: pervénio, 4: v. TO ARRIVE. 
Phr.: to g. to the end of ones story, 
quod quis coeperit enarrare, Ter. Heaut. 
3, 3, 32° V-TO FINISH. See also foll. artt. 
get abroad: ofareport: 1, exeo, 
4,77r.: to g. abroad and become gene- 
rally known, ex. atque in vulgus ema- 
nare, Cic R. Am. 1, 2: the impression 
got abroad, opinio exiit (with acc. and 
inf.), Suet. Ner. 45. Join: prodire et 
fin vulgus] exire, Gell. 12, 12, med. 
9. emano (v. supr.), mano, t: V. 

TO SPREAD (INTO). 3, percrebresco 
(-besco), crébrui (-bui), 3 (to become 
generally current): the matter got a. 
res percrebruit, [in ore atque sermone 
omnium coepit esse], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23. 


56: simly, with fama, opinio, as sub- | 


ject, Cic.: Caes. The simple verb cre- 
bresco, occurs in same sense and constr., 
hut less freq.: Tae. 4. palam fio: 
for fear the matter should get a., ne 
(res) fieret p., Ter. Ad. 4, 4, £5. 5. 
énodtesco, ui, 3: some verses of yours 
have got a., enotuerunt quidam versus 
tui, Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 3. 

— across: |. Trans.: trajicio, 
transporto: v. TO TRANSPORT. Il. 
Intrans.: transgrédior, 3: v. TO 
CRoss. 

— ahead of, or before: or, get the 
start of: 1, praevénio, véni, ntum, 
4: tog. the start of anyone by a shorter 
route, (aliquem) breviore via pr., Liv. 
22, 24, med.: Ov. 2. antévénio, 4: 
to g. ahead of any one by long marches, 
aliquem magnis itineribus a., Sall. Jug. 
56, init. 8, praecurro, 3: v. TO OUT- 
RuN. Phr.: (Caesar) when he had got 
ahead on the road to Dyrrachium, prae- 
occupato itinere ad D., Caes. B. C. 3, 13: 
Vv. TO ANTICIPATE. 

— along: procédo, 3: v. TO PRO- 
CEED. Phr.: g. along! abi! hinc te 
amolire! Pl. 

— among (v. intr.): 1, immis- 
ceo, ui, xtum and stum, 2 (with pron. 
refl.): he got a. a handsome bevy of 
peacocks, immiscuit se pavonum for- 
moso gregi, Phaedr. 1, 3, 7- 9. in- 
sinuo, t (same constr.: to work one’s 
way in): tog. in among the squadrons 
of horse (of the war-chariots), se inter 
equitum turmas i., Caes. B. G. 4, 33. 

8, incido, 3. v. TO FALL IN WITH. 

— at; tango, attingo, 3: v. TO 
REACH. 

— away: aufigio, effigio, 3: v. To 
ESCAPR. 


— back: |. Trans,: récipio, 
récipéro: v. TO RECOVER. I dine 
trans.: rédeo, revertor: v. TO RE-| 
TURN. 


— (the) better of: siipero, 1: v. 
TO OVERCOME. 

— bevond: excédo, ssi, ssum, 3: 
to g. beyond ihe rani of praetor, prae- 
turae gradum exced re, Sall 

— clear of: 1, émergo, si, sum, 
3 (both with pron. reflect., and as in- 
trans.): to g. clear of troubles, sese ex 
malis e., Ter. Andr. 3, 3, 30. Vv. TO 
EMERGE. 2, expédio, 4 (with pron. 
reflect.) : V. TO EXTRICATE. 
down: |. Trans. : to fetch 
down: dépromo, 3: Pl. Truc. 3, 1, 2. 

IJ. [ntrans.: descendo, dégrédior : 
¥. TO DESCEND. 

— drunk: Phr.: (vino) madere: 
V. DRUNK (phr.). 

— hold of: ], préhendo, appré- 
hendo, 3: v. TO TAKE HOLD OF. 2. 
occipo, 1: V. TO SEIZE. 

get in: |. Trans.: as to get in 

338 


it is getting light, luciscit, PI. | 


GET UP 


GIDDINESS 





crops, moneys: percipio, 3: V. TO GA- 
THER IN. Phr.: to g. im the moneys 
due from the colonists, pecunias exigere 
quae a colonis debentur, Cic. Fam. 13, 
11: tog. in one’s debts, nomina sua exi- 
gere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, 28° tog. im all 
one’s money, omuem religere pecuniam. 
Hor. Epod. 1. extr.: to g. in a good 
stock of provisions, rem frumentariam 
| providere, Caes. (Vv. TO PROVIDE). I. 
Intrans.: 1, insinuo, 1 (with pron. 
refl.: to work one’s way in): you must 
g. out where you got in, qua te insinua- 
veris, retro via repetenda, Liv. 9, 2, 
med.: Caes.: V. TO GET AMONG. i 
pervénio, 4 (to make one’s way to a 
point): to g. into the senate, i. e. become 
a serator, in senatum p., Cic. Fl. 18, 42. 
For lit. sense, Vv. TO AKRIVE. Phr.: to 
g. into a boat, conscendere in phaselum 
| (naviculam): (Vv. TO EMBARK): fo g. 
| into port, portum capere, Caes. (Vv. TO 
| REACH): to g. into favour with any one, 
| gratiam inire cum aliquo, Ter. (v. FA- 


vour). 

— off: |. Trans.: as to geta 
ship off a rock: perh. expédio, 4: v. TO 
EXTRICATE. Virg. (Aen. 1, 145) has de- 


| trudo of the action of pushing ships off : 
Vv. TO THRUST OFF. Il. Intrans.: 
| to escape, be acquitted (q. v.): Phr.: 
i faith, I am getting off capitally, 
better than I expected, immo vero pul- 


| chre discedo et praeter spem, Ter. Ph. | 
5, 8, 58: do you think you will g. off | 


unpunished ? credin’ te impune habi- 


turum? id. Eun. 5, 2, 13: you will g. | 


off scot-free, tu missus abibis, Hor. 3. 
2, I, 86. 

— on: Phr.: to be g.ing on well, 
bene (se) habere, bene rem gerere: v. 
To po (LV.). 

— out: 1, exeo, excédo: v. TO 
GO OUT, QUIT. 2. emergo, si, sum, 3 
(from a difficult or dangerous posi- 
tion): he had great difficulty in g.ng 
out into the open ground, aegre in aper- 
tos campos emersit, Liv. 21, 25, med.: 
Vv. TO GET CLEAR OF, EMERGE. Phr.: 
to g. out of a chariot, descendere e 


curru, Suet. (v. TO DISMOUNT): to g. out | 


of bed, decedere (al. descendere) lecto, 
Tib. 1, 2, 19; hastily, lecto desilire, Hor. 
S. 1, 2, 129 (in gen. sense, de cubiculo 
exire, to g. out of the bed-chamber, will 
| be precise enough, Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 
fin.): to g. out of a bath, evadere ex 
balneo, Cic. Cael. 27, 65: to g. out of the 
way of any one (as mark of respect or 
avoidance), alicui {[via, or de via} de- 
cedere, Caes. B. G. 6,13: Suet. Ner. 4: 
used pass., Cic. Sen. 18, 63: to g. out of 
its course (of a ship), cursu discedere, 
Caes. (v. TO DEPART). Fig.: to g. out 
of temper, irasci, Cic.: V. ANGRY. 

— quit of: 1, défungor, netus, 
3 (with ref. to what is laborious or dis- 
agreeable): to have got quit of danger, 
periculis defunctum esse, Cic. R. Am. 8, 
21: Liv 2. expédio, 4 (with pron. 
refl.): Vv. TO EXTRICATE. 

— ready; paro, 1: v. TO PREPARE. 

— rid of: 1, tollo, sustili, sub- 
latum, 3 (esp. by violent means): he 
might very easily be got vid of, pertacile 
de medio tolli posse, Cic. R. Am, 8, 20: 
| Her. 9. amoveo, movi, tum, 2 (re- 
move out of the way): te g. rid of a 
uitness, testem ase a., Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 
72. 3. amolior, 4 (implying diffi- 
culty): until he could g. rid of his uvfe, 
donec uxorem amoliretur, Tac. H. 1, 13. 
See also 10 GET QUIT OF, 

— through: |. To make one’s 
way through: pervenio, 4 (to some 
point): Vv. TO ARRIVE. I]. Zo com- 
plete: pérago, conticio: v. TO FINISH. 

— to: pervénio, 4° Vv. TO ARRIVE. 

— together: |. Trans. to 
bring together : 1. conflo, 1 (esp. for 
evil purposes): to gett. an army, exer- 
| citum c., Cie. Ph. 4,6, 15: to get t. wit- 
| nesses by bribery, testes pecunia c., 

Quint. 5, 7, 23. DNICcogo; 3) Ve LO 
COLLECT, ASSEMBLE. {J. Lntrans.: 
to meet together : congrégo, 1 (with pron. 
| refl.) : ¥. TO GATHER TOGETHER. 
| get up: surgo, égrédior: v. TO RISE, 








ASCEND. Pnhr.: heg.s up at seven o'clock, 
hora secunda calceos voscit, Plin. Ep 
3, 1, 4. 

— upon; v.TO MouNT. Phr.: to 
g. upon one's feet (after falling), sese 
erigere, Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42. 

gewgaw: perh. bulla: cf. Juv. 13, 33: 
or nugae, arum (acc. to Non. 2, 587, the 
term nugae was applied to feminine 
trinkets, whence the subs. nugivendus, 
Pl. Aul. 3, 5, 513 Forcell. s. v.). 

geyser: *fons calidae atque alte ex- 
silientis aqnae. 

ghastliness: |. Deathlike pallor: 
pallor luridus (v. foll. art.), p. luteus, 
Hor. Epod. 10, 16. ‘|, Revolting as- 
pect: toeditas: all turned away their 
eyes from the g. of such a spectacle 
(Mettus being torn by horses), avertere 
omnes a tanta f. spectacnli oculos, Liv. 
I, 28, /jin.: g. of scars, f. cicatricum, 
Plin.: v HoRkOoR (Or expr. by adj.: 
such was the g. of the sight, adeo foedum 
erat spectaculum, ut...., v foll. art.) 

ghastly: |. Deadly pale: 1. 
liridus : g. paleness, |. pallor, Ov. Met. 
4, 267: Cic.: so of that which makes g. : 
g. henbame, |. aconita, Ov. Met. 1, 147: 
g. death, 1. mors, Sil. 2, exsanguis, 
e (bloodless): g. shades (ghosts), ex. 
animae, Virg. Aen. 6, gor: Sall. 3 
cadavérOsus (corpse-like: v. rare): a@ g. 
| face, c. facies, Ter. Hec. 3,4,27. 4, 
pallidus, vépallidus (intens.): v. PALE. 
In general, horrid, shocking, 
: a g. scar, f. cicatrix, Hor. S, 
1,5, 60; Liv.: v. FRIGHTFUL. 

ghost: |. The shade of one dead: 

1, umbra (poet.): Luer.: Virg. : 
Hor.: v. SHADE. 2. manes, jum, m.: 
the g. of a wife, m. conjugis, Virg. Aen. 
6, 119: Liv. 3, 58, extr. Phr.: he says 
that (the g. of) the dead man came to 
him in his sleep, ait venisse illum in 
somnis ad se mortuum, Pl. |], Aphan- 
tom of any kind: 1, phantasma, 
itis, n.: to believe in g.s, putare esse 
| aliquid phantasmata, Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 
init.: V.PHANTOM. Q, larva (demon): 
a house haunted by g.s, larvarum plena 
domus, Pl. Am. 2,2, 155: Plin. pref. § 31. 

3, iddlon or iddlum (an image or 
figure): Plin. Ep. 7, 27,5. 4, (a8 
gen. terms for any praeternatural ap- 
pearance) monstrum, mostellum: v. 
PRODIGY. Ill. Breath, spirit: esp. in 
phr. to give up the g., exspirare, animam 
edere, etc.: Vv. TO EXPIRE. IV. The 
Holy Ghost, Sanctus Spiritus, Vulg. 

ghostly: *spiritalis: v. sprRITUAL 
ghoul: *larva quae mortuorum ho- 
minum carnibus vescitur. 

giant (swbs.): vir major quam pro 
humano habitu, Liv. 8. 6: *vir prae- 
grandi corpore ; vir statura excelsissima. 
(N.B.— Not gigas, except to denote the 
Giants of mythology.) 

giant (adj.): praegrandis: v. GIGANTIC. 

giantess: femina major quam pro 
humano habitu: v. GIANT. 

gibber: perh. *strideo, 2; also strido, 
i, 3 (to emit a harsh, squealing sound): 
cf. Lucan 6, 622: Mela 1, 8, med. See 
also TO CHATTER, BABBLE. 

gibberish: *inanis oris strepitus : 
V. NOISE, NONSENSE. 

gibbet (subs.): furca or patibiilum 
(a kind of forked g., used in the punish- 
ment of slaves and others): v. GALLOWS, 

gibbet (v.): chiefly used fig., perh. 
ndto, 1: cf. Hor. S. 1, 3, 24: Cic. Vv ™ 
BRAND. 

gibbeted : patibilatus (i. e. fustened 
to the patibulum): Pl. 

gibbous: gibbus: (the skull ts) con- 
cave in the inside, g. (or conver) on the 
outside, ex interiore parte concava, ex- 
trins cus g., Cels. 8, imit.: v. CONVEX. 
(Gibbosus is without authority.) 

gibe (subs. and v.): Vv. JEST. 

giblets: gigeria, orum: Petr. 66 (v. 
Burm. a. 1.). 

giddily : i.e. thoughtlessly: perh. 
inconsulte, teméré: v. Sen. Ben. 1, init. 
v. THOUGHTLESSLY. 

giddiness: j. Lit.: 1, ver- 
tigo, inis, f.: g. of eye and brain (at 
looking down a precipice), v. oculurum 








. 
; 
f 





GIDDY 


animique, Liv. 44,6, med.: to betroubled 
with g., vertigine laburare, Plin. Freq. 
pl., to remove g, vertigines discutere, 
tollere, Plin. 20, 17, 73 $ 194, etc. 2, 
caligo, inis, f. (strictly, the darkness re- 
sulting from g): when the height had 
erought on g., quum altitudo c. oculis 
offudisset, Liv. 26, 45. In pl., to re- 
lieve or cure g., caligines levare, sanare, 
discutere, I’lin.: Cels. ]. Fig.: 
Thoughtlessness: perh, téméritas (cf. 
Cic. Sen. 6, 20), lévitas (general lack v/ 
stedfastness of character), inconsultus 
animus Vv, THOUGHTLESSNESS. 
giddy : J. Lit... vertigindsus 
(suffering from dizziness as an ail- 
ment): Plin. 23, 2, 28. Phr.: (any 
one) turns g., oculis caligo offunditur, 
Liv.; vertigine (aliquis) afficitur ~. pre- 
ced.art. |J, Fig.: light-minded . levis, 
inconsultus ventOsus: Vv. THOUGHTLESS, 
FICKLE. Mart. has, vagae moderator 
juventae, instructor of giddy youth, 2,90. 
gift (subs.): |, Something given; 
a present: 1, dodnum (most gen. 
term) : the law concerning g.s Gid pre- 
sents, lex de d- et muneribus, Cic.: wed- 
ding g.s, d. uuptialia, Cic.: the g.s of 
Jortune, Cic.: to give anything as a g. 
cf. L. G. § 297), aliquid alicui dono 
re, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 6: Cic.: to bestow 
some g. on the commonwealth, aliquod 
d. reipublicae afferre, Cic. Ph. 1, 13, 32. 

2, minus, éris, . (a more poetic 
word, though found also in prose; acc. 
to Habicht, etc., munus is a gift which 
one is in some way bound to give, while 
donum is a free gift: but the distinc- 
tion is not observed) : the g.s of Bacchus, 
munera Bacchi, Hor.: the g.s of the 
earth, munera terrae, Hor. Kp. 1, 6, 5: 
Cic.: Vv. PRESENT, BOUNTY. 3. béné- 
ficium: v. BENEFIT, KINDNESS. s 
stips, stipis, f. (@f a small coin): v. 
ALMS, GRATUITY. Gifts or largesses 
made by the emperors and others to the 
soldiery or people, were called donaria, 
congiaria: V. DONATIVE. J, An en- 
dowment or faculty of mind or body: 

1, dos, dotis, 7. (chiefly poet.) the 
g. of beauty, d. formae, Ov. M. 9, 717: 
gs of nature and fortune, naturae tor- 
tunaeque dotes, Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 4: tt is 
my g. to celebrate in song...., est car- 
minibus celebrare d. mea, Ov. Am. 1, 
10,60. Q. facultas: v.FacuLTy. 3, 
ingénium (strictly the whole of a man’s 
natural endowments) they were not 
altogether deficient in g.s, but only in 
that of the orator, iis non omnino i., sed 
oratorium i. defuit, Cic. Br. 29, 110: as 
great ag. for invention, tantum ad fin- 
gendum ingenii, Cic. Font. 14, 30. 4. 
indéles, is, f. (Similar to preced.): v. 
GENIUS, DISPOSITION. 
ift (v.) : dono, 1: v. TO ENDOW. 

Pee |. As part.: praeditus 
(with abl.): v. ENDOWED. I]. os- 
sessing high natural endowments: in- 
géniosus: a g. and learned man, vir i. 
et eruditus, Cic. Att. 14, 20, med.: the 
more clever and highky g. any one is, 
quo quisque est sollertior et ingeniosior, 
Cic. R. Com. 11, 31: g. in every kind of 
knavery, furtum ingeniosus ad omne, 
Ov. M.11, 313. Phr.: to be veryhighly 
g. by nature, ingenio abundare, florere ; 
ingenio divino esse, Cic.; ingenio valere, 
Quint. : v. GENIUS, GIFT (I1.). See also 
CLEVER. 
gig: perb. cisium: v. Dict. Aut. s. v. 
The driver of such, cisiarius, Ulp. Dig. 

gigantic: 1. praegrandis, e (ex- 
ceeding the usual size in any way): 9g. 
trees, p. (arbores), Plin. 13, 25, 49: 
Suet.: v. LARGE. 9, ingens, ntis: v. 
HUGE, 8. expr. by circuml., major 
quam pro humano habitu: v. GIANT. 

giggle ©): perb. summissim cachin- 
nare, comp. Gell. 17, 8. 

ild: 1, inauro, 1: to g. brazen 
tiles, tegulas aeneas i., Plin.: a@ g.’d sta- 
tue, statua inaurata, Cic. Verr. 2,2, 21, 
50. 2, expr. by aurum and a verb: 
to g. a roof, tecto aurum illinere, Sen. 
Ep. 119, 11: Plin. . to g. wood, aurum 
ligno inducere (obducere), Plin. 35, 6, 
17: V, TO OVERLAY. 





GIRDER 


GIVE 





gilded: 1, inauratus a g. co- 
lumn, columnai., Cic.: v. TO GILD. 2, 
auratus (wrought or adorned with gold : 
chiefly poet.); g. temples, a. templa, 
Lucr.: Virg. 3, aureus (strictly, of 
gold; but used, esp. by the poets, in 
wider sense): the g. Capitol, a. Capito- 
lia, Virg. Aen. 8, 347 ag. chair, a. 
sella, Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 85. 4, bracte- 
atus (covered with a thin foil of gold, 
etc.) : V. PLATED. 

gilder; inaurator. Inscr. in Forcell. 

gilding (subs.): |. The art: au- 
ratura: Inser. in Forcell. (in Quint. 8, 
6, 28, we should prob. read aurata). Or 
expr. by verb: he discovered the art of 


g., *aurum ligno, aeri, etc. inducere, | 


illinere reperit.  —|J, The gilded work 
itself: aurum illitum, inductum: v. To 
GILD, 

gill: i. e. a quarter of a pint: quar- 
se (v. Dict. Ant. p. 1233): Cato: 

lin. 

gills: of fish, branchiae, arum: Plin. 

, 1 ° 
: gilt: Vv. GILDED. 

gilt-edged: *auro illito praetextus(?) 

gilt-head: @/ish, aurata: Plin. 

gimlet: ], térébra: mentioned 
among carpenter's tools, Plin. 7, 56, 57: 
the Gallic g., t. Gallica, was an im- 
proved kind, and bored a smooth hole, 
Col. 4, 29, ad fin. Q, (?) perforacit- 
lum: Arnob. 6, 14 (but the reading is 
doubtful). 

gin (subs.): |. A snare: pédica, 
plaga: v- SNARE, TRAP. Il. The spi- 
rituous liquor so called: *spiritus juni- 
pero infectus. or perh. simply juniperus, 
from which, through the Fr. genievre, 
the word gin is derived. Il. A ma- 
chine for cleaning cotton: *instrumen- 
tum quo purgantur lina xylina. 

gin (v.): i.e. to clean cotton: purgo, 
I (Vv. TO CLEAN): or perh. carpo, 3, 
which was used of the corresponding 
manual labour in wool. 

ginger: zinzibéri, n. indecl.: Plin.: 
also zinziber, éris, n.: Cels.: Pall. 

gingerbread: crustila, orum: gen. 
term for sweet cakes, Hor. S. 1, 1, 25. 

gingerly; sensim, pédétentim: v. 
CAUTIOUSLY. 

gingle: Vv. JINGLE. 

ipsy; Cingirus, Zingirus, f. -a: 
after their Italian name Zingart. The 
Gipsies, *Aegyptii qui feruntur, 

giraffe: (?) cimélopardalis, is, f.: 
Plin. 8, 18, 27: M. L. (Also *giraffa, 
Brisson.) 

gird: 1, cingo, nxi, nctum, 3: 
often as ref. pass.: he gs himself with 
a Spanish sword, Hispano cingitur gla- 
dio, Liv. 7, 10, ad med. (in Virg. with 
acc.) inutile cingitur ferrum, Aen. 2, 
511. Fig.: the heavens were girt with 
clouds, cinxerunt aethera nimbi, Virg. : 
v. TO SURROUND. 2. incingo, 3 ‘same 
constr. as simple verb. poet.) to g. 
oneself with a girdle, incingi zona, Ov. 
Her. 9, 66: to g. oneself with serpents, 
se serpentibus incingere, Cat. 64, 258. 

3. accingo, 3 (same constr.: chiefly 
poet., except in fig. sense): to g. ona 
sword, ensem ac. lateri, Virg. Aen. II, 
489: he g.s on his trusty sword, fido 
accingitur ense, Virg. Aen. 7, 640. 
Fig.=to set vigorously to work, to 
prepare: all g. themselves to the task, 
ac. (sese) omnes operi, Virg. Aen 2, 
235: Liv. (who has the refl. pass., 2, 12, 
med., in hoe discrimen accingere, pye- 
pare thyself): ‘Tac. 4, praecingo, 3 
(strictly, to g in front, as a napkin: 
cf. Vulg. Joh. xiii. 4): tog. onesel/ with 
a sword, ense praecingi, Ov. Tr. 2, 271: 
waiters properly g.'d, recte praecincti 
pueri, Hor. 

— up: ]. Lit.: succingo, 3: 
to g.up the tunic as high as the middle 
of the leg, crure tenus medio tunicas s._ 
Juv.: with the dress git up like Diana, 
vestem ritu succincta Dianae, Ov. IL. 
Fig.: to g. up oneself for action, etc. : 
accingo, 3 (usu. in pass. refl.): v. TO 
GIRD (3). 

girder: i.e. a beam holding together 








parts of a building: perh. Jigumen- | 


tum, al. jigamentum (Cato, RK. R. 14% 
fur though the passage does not Ha 
the precise meaning of the term, yet 
the verb jugumentare (juga-) occurs in 
Vitr. in the sense of to fasten together 
with girders : alternis trabibus angulos }. 
2,1, 4. 

girdle: 1, cingilum (originaily, 
a woman's g., the man’s being cinctus, 
ls: ‘‘cinctus et cingulum a cingendo, 
alterum viris, alterum mulieribus attri- 
butum,” Varr. L. L. 5,23 § 114). chiefiy 
poet., and often pl.: jastening a golden 
g. "neath her bosom, c, aurea subuectens 
mammae, Virg. Aen. 1, 492: the won- 
der-teeming g. (cestus), tecunda monstris 
c., Val. Fl. Fig.: tobe stripped of one's 


| g. (dismissed military service), cingulo 


exui, Cod. Just. 7, 38, 1. (N.B.—The 
plur. appears to be chiefly used of the 
Jeminine girdle; the sing. of the mili- 
tary girdle or belt.) 2. wna (a uo- 
man’s g., esp. that worn before mar- 
riage): to unfasten the g., solvere 7.. 
Cat. 2, extr.: Ov. (cf. Smith’s Ant. s. ¥ 
of the g. (or belt) of Orion, Ov. F. 6, 787 
Dimin., zOniila, in similar sig., Cat. 61, 
53. A maker of such g.s, zonarius, Cic. 
Fl.4,17. 98, cinctus, is (worn by men 
for the sake of decency ; drawers: q. v. 
Vv. supr. a Varr.: Suet. Dimin., cine- 
tictilus, Pl. 4, balteus: v. BELT 
(The stréphium was nota girdle, but a 
kind of stomacher : Cat. 64, 65.) 

girl: 1, puella (used also, esp. 
poet., of full-grown women): to give 
birth to a g., p. parere, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 
14: alittle g., p. infans, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 
99: wardship in the case of a g., Lutela 
{legitima] in qua dicitur esse puella, 
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 6: I never saw a more 
lovely, charming g., qua p. nibil unquam 
festivius, amabilius vidi, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 
1. Dimin., puelliila, a young g., Ter. 
Cat. (N B.—The original word for girt 
was puera, which occurs in fragments of 
Livius and Varro: cf. also Suet. Cal. 8.) 

2. virgo, inis, f. (an unmarried 

g.): cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 18, 6: Hor.: Ov.: v. 
MAIDEN. 8, feémella (v. rare): Cat. 
55, 7. Belonging to a g., puellaris: v. 
foll. art. 

girlhood: 1. puellaris aetas, puel- 
lares anni: Vv. GIRLISH. 2. exp. by 
puella, while yet in her g., she was be- 
trothed, *adhuc puella desponsa est 


during her g., ips& puella: L. G. § 
589, I. 
girlish: 1, puellaris, e: the prize 


allures their g. tastes, praeda p. animos 
prolectat, Ov. F. 4, 433: g. amiability 
blended with virgin modesty, Ssuavitas 
p- cum virginali verecundia, Plin. Ep. 
5, 16, 2: g. years, p. aetas, Quint.; p. 
anni, Tac. 9, virgineus virginalis: 
V. MAIDENLY. 
girlishly; puellariter: w be y. wg- 
norant, p. nescire, Plin. Ep. 8,10, 1. Or 
expr. by phr., puellarum more, ritu: vy. 
MANNER. 
girth: |. Of a horse: cingila 
the new g. galls the steed, nova c. laedit 
equum, Ov. R. A. 236. Il. Of a bed: 
1, fascia [lecti cubicularis}, Cic. 
Div. 2, 6, init. 9. instita (alsu used 
of bandages of various kinds): Petr. 20. 
Il]. Aleasure round ; ambitus, Os: v 
CIRCUIT, CIRCUMFERENCE. 
gist: i.e.the main point: 1, cardo 
inis, m.: with some defining gen. (lit. 
hinge): they do not concern themselves 
about what is the real 9g. of a case, Quo- 
rum nihil refert ubi litium c. vertitur, 
Quint. 12, 8, 3: simly, causae c., id. 5, 
12, 3. (N.B.—Not sv in Cic.) 2, expr. 
by contineo, 2: the real g. of this question 
is the point respecting the nature of the 
gods, continet hance totam quaesuionem 
ea ratio quae est de natura | eorum, Cic. 
Div. 1, 51, 117: the real g. of the ques- 
tion, quod maxime rem causamque con- 
tinet, Cic. N.D. 1,1, 2. Simly in Cic. 
Part. 29, 103, We bave continentia cau- 
sarum =the real points at issue, like 
cardo supr 
gittern: cithara. v, GUITAR, 
give: A, Trans: |. To pre- 
sent, make a gift: 1, Go, dédi, d&- 
9 


GIVE AWAY 


GIVE UP 


GLADIATOR 





tum, dare, t (most gen. term: constr. | 2, 54, 136: to g. forth (yield) a sharp 
with acc. and dat.): Lycurgus gave the | tone (of a string when touched), acutum 


lands of the wealthy to the commonally 
to cultivate, L. agros locupletium piebi 
colendos dedit, Cic.: to give a daughter 
in marriage, filiam in matrimonium d., 
Caes.: to g. advice, consilium d., Cic. : 
Hor. Sometimes strengthened by dat. 
dono (v. L. G. § 297), to give to any one 
asa gift: Ter. Heaut. 5,5, 6. Fig: 
to g. ear, i.e. pay attention, aures d., 
Cic. Att.1,5. 2, dono, 1 (tog. freely, 
as a present: constr. with dat. and acc. 
or acc. and abl.): v. TO PRESENT. S, 
tribuo, i, itum. 3 (where something is 
due): tog. every one his due, suum cui- 
que tr., Cic. Off. 1, 5, 14: he gave (or 
paid) Aurelius the price of his house, 
pretium aedium Aurelio tribuit, Tac. 
Ann. 1, 75: in gen. sense, io g. gifts, 
dona tr., Ov. Met. 9. 402. 4, largior, 
4 (freely, lavishly; often, immoraliy) : 
to take from one in order to g. to an- 
other, eripere aliis quod aliis largiare, 
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 43: Vv. TO BESTOW ; LIBE- 
RAL (TO BE). I]. To deliver, put into 
any one’s hands: j, trado, didi, 
ditum, 3 (to hand over): to g. (pass) 
any one the cup (after drinking), pocu- 
lum tr., Cie.: more fully, aliquid alicui 
in manum tr., Pl. Mere. 2, 2,6; v.T0 DE- 
LIVER. 2. (in imper. mood) cédo, pl. 
catté (in colloq. language): if you have 
anything from Atticus, g. it me, cedo, 
si quid ab Attico (est), Cic. Att. 16, 13, 
init.: g. me the account-book, please, 
cedo, quaeso, codicem, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, 
Tod’ Pls: Der: II]. Zo bestow or 
assign a name: 1, impo6no, pdsui, 
itum, 3 (with daf. and acc.): to g. new 
things new names, i. nova novis rebus 
nomina, Cic. Fin. 1, 1, 3: the simple 
verb also oceurs with same constr., Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 5, 10: Virg. 9) do, x, inn: 
he gave name to the river (by being 
drowned in it), nomen flumini dedit, 
Liv. 1, 3, med.: Virg. Aen. 1, 248: 
Quint. The comp. indo, didi, ditum, 3, 
also occurs, Liv. 1, 34, ab inopia Egerio 
nomen inditum: PI. 8. facio, 3: the 
young folk gave me the name of “ wiper” 
juventus nomen {ecit Peniculo mihi, PL. 
Men. init.: Liv. 1, 3 (where itis used 
of giving occasion for a name, like dare, 
supr.). IV. To inflict a blow: in- 
jicio, jéci, jectum, 3: fo g. any one a 
blow, plagam alicui inj., Cic.: v. TO IN- 
FLICT. Miscell. phr.: tog. water to 
an enemy, hosti aquam commodare, PI. 
Rud. 2,5, 21: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 16, 51 (v. 
TO OBLIGE): to g. a supper-party, coenas 
facere, Cic. Att. 9, 13, 4: to g. any one 
an opportunity of doing anything, ali- 
cui potestatem s. copiam facere faciendi 
aliquid, Cic.: (v. OPPORTUNITY): fo g. 
any one trouble, alicui negotium taces- 
sere, Cic. Fam. 3,10, imit.; also n. facere, 
Quint. (v. TROUBLE): to g. @ young wo- 
man in marriage, nuptum virginem lo- 
care [adolescenti], Ter. Pb. 5, 1, 25: to 
g. an account, rationem reddere, Cic. (v. 
ACCOUNT): to g. thanks, grates o7 gra~ 
tias agere, persolvere (v. THANKS): tog. 
any one the slip, alicui subterfugere, Pl. 
Bac. 4, 5,2: I will g. (him) such a dress- 
ing! adeo exornatum dabo, adeo de- 
pexum, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1,77: to g. way 
to any one in the streets, alicui decedere, 
Ter.: Cic. (v.10 GET OUT): in fig. sense, 
cedere (Vv. TO YIELD); labascere (to show 
signs of giving way), Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 31 
(see also TO GIVE WAY). B, In- 
trans.: (to yield to pressure): v. TO 
YIELD, GIVE WAY. 
give away: dono; largior: v. To 
GIVE (L.). 
— back: reddo, rémitto: v. To 
RESTORE. 
—— chase: inséquor, 3: v. TO PURSUE. 
—— forth: 1, Gdo, didi, ditum, 
3: to g. forth groans, gemitus e., Ov. 
M. g, 207: v. TO UTTER, EMIT. (he 
simple verb occurs poet. in same sense : 
to g. forth a sound, sonitum dare, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 243: Ov.) Q. emitto, 3: 
v. To EMIT. Phr.: tog. forth (respire) 
breath from the lwngs, animam a pul- 
monibus[respirare et} reddere, Cic. N. D. 
340 





sonum remittere, Hor. A. P. 349. 

give in: |. Trans.: as to give 
in one’s name : 1, profiteor, fessus, 
2 (esp. of one’s own free will): (volun- 
tarily) to g. in their names (of candi- 
dates), nomina pr., Liv. 26, 18, med.: 
the verb occurs in same sense absol., 
intra legitimos dies pr. nequiverit, Sall. 
Cat. 18: Vell. 2, 92, med: to g. in a 
return of the number of acres under 
crops, jugera sationis pr., Cic. Verr. 3, 
15,38. Q, reféro, tuli, latum, 3, w7.: 
to g. in accounts to the treasury, rationes 
r. ad aerarium, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, ad init. : 
Caes. B. C. 2, 20, extr. 8, reddo, didi, 
ditum, 3: tog. in am account, rationem 
r., Vac. Ann. 1, 6, extr.: Cic. Phr.: to 
give in one’s name as a soldier, nomen 
dare, edere, Liv.: v. TO ENLIST. Il. 
Intrans.: to own oneself vanquished : 
Phr.: Ig. in to your superior wis- 
dom, efficaci do manus sapientiae, Hor. 
Epod. 17, init.: Caes.: v. T0 GIVE WAY, 
YIELD. 

— off: mitto, émitto, 3: cf. Luecr. 
4, 54, sqq- See also to EMANATE. 

— out: |, Trans.: to yield, 
esp. an exudation: mano, 1: Vv. TO EX- 
upE. fj, Intrans.: to profess, pre- 
tend: 1, féro, 3, i77.: he gave him- 
self out to be Philip, se Philippum 
({regiaeque stirpis] ferebat, Vell. 1, 11: 
Virg. Aen. 5, 373. 2. dictito, 1 (to 
be continually saying, whether falsely 
or truly): he started (as he gave out) to 
join Caesar, profectus, ut dictitabat, ad 
Caesarem, Caes. B. C. 3, 22. 38, prae- 
dico, 1: Caes. B. G. 6, 18: Vv. TO AFFIRM. 

—— over: A, Trans.: |. To 
consign: trado, mando: v. TO DELIVER 
UP. |]. Yo despair of: despero, 1: 
v. TO DESPAIR. Phr.: given over by 
the physicians, deploratus medicis, Plin. 
7,50, 51, init.: Liv. (N.B.—The verb 
deploro is found in this sense only in 
part.) B, Intrans.: tocease: desino, 
etc.: V. TO FORBEAR. 

—— place: décédo, 3: v. To GET OUT. 

— to: addo, adjicio, attribuu: v. 
TO ADD, ASSIGN. 
up: ALT raniss: |. vo 
deliver over: 1, trado (transdo), 
didi, ditum, 3: to g. up a city to the 
enemy, urbem hostibus tr., Liv.: they 
gave themselves up to the enemy, se hos- 
tibus transdiderunt, Caes.: v. TO DE- 
LIVER, SURRENDER. 9. dédo, 3: v: 
TO SURRENDER. 8. prado, 3 (freq. in 
bad sense: v. TO BETRAY): to give up 
one’s life and money, vitam, pecuniam 
pr., Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 70. 4, per- 
mitto, 3 (to g. up the control of anything 
to another): I have given up the entire 
affair to his hand, totum ei negotium 
permisi, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, init.: Caes.: 
y. TO ENTRUST (5.). Phr.: tog. up the 
ghost, animam efflare: v. TO EXPIRE. 

I]. Zo devote: dédo, conféro, etc. : 
v. TO DEVOTE (IIL.). J. 70 abandon: 

1, dimitto, misi, missum, 3 (fo lef 
go out of one’s hands): to g. up the 
supremacy, principatum d., Caes. B. G. 
6, 12: to g. up all hope of anything, 
omnem alicujus rei spem d., Caes. B. C. 
I, 73: to give up one’s resentment for 
the good of the state, iracundiam suam 
reipublicae d., Caes. B.C. 1, 8: -v. TO 
ABANDON. 2, dépono, pdsui, itum, 3 
(to lay down, resign): to g. up all hope, 
omnem spem d., Caes. B. G. 5, 19: tog. 
up (sacrifice) personal animosities, si- 
multates d., Cic. Pl. 31, 76: v. TO RE- 
SIGN. 8. concédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (usu. 
to g. up out of regard for, in considera- 
tion of something more important): I 
gave up my resentment and my friend- 
ships for the benefit ef the common- 
wealth, dolorem atque amicitias reipnb- 
licae concessi, Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, jin. : 
you stated that you gave up your can- 
vass for the augurate out of regard for 
me, auguratus petitionem mihi te con- 
cessisse dixisti, Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 4. 4. 
condono, 1 (similar to preced.): Cic.: 
Vv. TO SACRIFICE (IL.). B, Intrans.: 
(rare): désisto, 3: v. TO CEASE. 








! give way: |. Zo yield to force: 
1. esp. in milit. lang., inclino, & 
(either intrans., or more freq. as refl. 
pass.): on the fail of Hostus, the Roman 
line forthwith g.s way, ut H. cecidit 
confestim Romana inclinatur acies, Liv. 
I, 12: neither party g.ing way, ut in 
neutram partem inclinarent acies, Liv. 
7, 33, med.: in non-milit. sense, to 
g. way to fear, timore inclinare (al. 
inclinari), Cic, Att. 3, 13. 2. pé- 
dem réfero, 3, irr. (also in milit. 
sense: to step baci; not necessarily 
implying defeat): v. TO FALL BACK (I1.). 
3. manus do, 1, wr. (lit. to yield 
up me’s hands, in token of defeat): at 
length Cotta is induced to g. way (atter 
discussion), tandem dat Cotta permotus 
manus, Caes. B. G. 5, 31: Hor. 4, 
cédo, ssi, ssum, 3, (most gen. term): y. 
TO YIELD. Il. 7o comply with: ob- 
séquor, morem géro: v. TO COMPLY 
WITH, HUMOUR. —[J._ Fig.: to allow 
oneself to be overcome by emotion : 
Phr.: to g. way to passion, animo in- 
dulgere, Ov. Met. 12, 598: so, lacrimis 
ind., ib. 9, 142: they g. way to the en- 
thusiasm of the soldiers, indulgent ar- 
dori militum, Liv. 9, 43, med.: to give 
way to (give oneself up to) tears and 
grief, lacrimis ac tristitiae se tradere, 
Luce. in Cic. Fam. 5, 14: she did not 
g. way to tears, dolorem non in lacrimas 
effudit, Just. 1, 8, med. 
giver: expr. by pres. part. of do, 
dono, etc. (L. G. § 638): you beg for 
mean favours, inferior to the g, tu pos- 
cis vilia rerum, dante minor, Hor. 
(Dator however occurs poet., Virg. Aen. 
I, 734). Phr.: a lavish g., largitor, 
Sall. Jug. 95 (usu. in adject. sense, v. TO 
LAVISH): Sil.: g. of a wound, auctor 
vulneris (poet.): Ov. Met. 5, 133. 
giving (subs.) : 1, datio (rare): 
g. of laws, legum 4., Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 60: 
Plin. (More freq. expr. by verb: by g., 
helping, forgiving, dando, sublevando, 
ignoscendo, Sall. Cat. 54.) 2. largitio 
(lavish, unprincipled g.): Caes.: Cic. 
Phr.: the g. of thanks, actio gratiarum, 
Cic. Fam. Io, 19. 
gizzard: *ventriciilus gallinae (avis) 
anterior (?) 
glacial: glicialis, e: v. 1CY, FROZEN. 
glacier: *moles nivium frigoribus 
conglaciata (Kr.); nives alte concreta 
glacie coacervatae: cf. Liv. 21, 36, extr. 
glacis: éech. t. in fortification : *agger 
muri leniter acclivis (declivitas valli ex- 
terior, Kr.). 
glad: laetus: he is g. about some- 
thing, 1. est nescio quid, Ter. Andr. 2, 
2, 3: a stronger expr. is laetabundus: 
v. JoYFUL. Usu. with to be: gaudeo, 
gavisus sum, 2: I am g. of that, id 
gaudeo, Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 25 (cf. L. G. 
§ 253): I am very g. I interrupted you, 
sane gaudeo quod te interpellavi, Cic. : 
v. TO REJOICE. Sometimes expr. by 
libens, libenter: Iam g. to hear that, id 
libenter audio: v. GLADLY. 
gladden: 1, hilaro. exhilaro, 1: 
Vv. TO CHEER. Q, laetifico, 1 (rare): 
the sun gs the earth, sol terram 1. [ut 
cum coelo hilarata videatur], Cic. N. D. 
2, 40,102: Pl. 83. expr. by laetitia, 
and a verb: e. g., laetitia aliquem affi- 
cere, Cic. Mil. 28, 783; laetitia efferre 
(to transport), Cic. Fam, 2, 10, init.: 
v. JOY. 
gladdened (part. adj.): laetus: v. 
JOYFUL. 
eladdening: laetificus (rare): Lucr. 
Usu. laetus will suffice; v JOYFUL. 
glade: nearest word, némus, Oris, 
n. (woodland with pasture): cf. Virg. E. 
6, 56, nemorum saltus. 
gladiator: gladiator: a show of g.s, 
gladiatorum spectaculum, Cic, (usu. called 
munus: Vv. SHOW): to give a show of g.s, 
gladiatores dare, Ter. Hee. prol. alt. 32: 
Suet. Tit. 7, extr.; g. edere, Suet. : 
during (at the time of) the show of g.s, 
gladiatoribus (abl.), Cic. Att. 2, I, 45 
2, 19, 2: a master (trainer) of g.s, gla- 
diatorum magister, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 23 
86 (usually, lanista, Cic.: Juv.). Adj., 
| belonging to a g., giadiatorius: a band 











GLADIATORIAL 





GLEAMING 





of g.s (with ref. to their employer), | werxovs, FLAGRANT. Phr.: here is a| (having quick play of light): g. rays 
familia gladiatoria, Caes. B. C. 3,21: @| g. discrepancy, *haec apertissime inter D> 2. 
school for g.s, ludus gladiatorius, Cic. | se discrepant: v. TO DISAGREE. 


Cat. 2, 5, 9: (also simply ludus, Hor. 
A. P.32: ct. Caes. B.C.1,14): ag.’s pay, 
giadiatorium (sc. pretium), Liv. 44, 31, 
extr. (also called auctoramentum, Suet. 
Tib. 7: cf. Smith's Dict. Ant. 574, U). 
gladiatorial : glidiatorius: g. 
strength of body, g. firmitas corporis, 
Cic. Phil. 2. 25, 63: v. preced. art., fin. 
G. shows, munus (gladiatorium), spec- 
taculum gladiatorum: v. preced, art. 
gladiole: @ plant, gladidlus: Plin. 
g : ], laeté: v. JOYFULLY. 
(Or more freq. laetus in agr, with sub- 
ject: v. L. G. § 343.) 2. libenter 
(willingly, cheerfully): people g. be- 
lieve what they wish true, |. homines id 
quod volunt credunt, Caes.: very g., 
libentissime, Cic. So libens, in agr. 
with subject: J did so, and g. too, ego 
illud feci, ac libens, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 43: 
Cic. Very g., animo libentissimo, Cic. 
Verr. Act. 1, 9, 25. 
gladness: gaudium, laetitia: v. soy. 
gladsome: festivus, laetus: v. FES- 
TIVE, JOYFUL, 
glance (subs.): Phr.: to cast,g.s 
this way and that, hue, illuc volvere 
oculos, Virg. Aen. 4, 363: to fix a steady 
g-. upon the ground, solo fixos oculos 
tenere, ib. 1, 482: at the first g. (opp. to 
a more careful view), primo aspectu, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 25,98: to cast furtive gs 
at each other, furtim [nonnunquam) in- 
ter se aspicere, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, extr.: to 
take a sidelong g. limis (sc. oculis) 
aspicere, Pl. Mil. 4, 6, 25 transversa 
tueri, Virg. E. 3, 8: to cast fierce g.s at 
any one, torva tueri, Virg. Aen. 6, 467. 
glance (v.): |. Zo cast the eyes 
rapidly: nearest word prob., aspicio, 
exi, ctum, 3: just to g. at a thing 
through a grating, as you pass, (quasi) 
per transennam praeterieus strictim a., 
Cie. de Or. 1, 35, 162: v. preced. art. 
See also TO LOOK. \]. Yo graze or 
touch lightly: esp. of light: stringo, nxi, 
ctum, 3: the morning star was just 
g.ing upon the top of Haemus, summum 
radiis stringebat Lucifer Haemum, Claud. 
Ruf. 2, 336: v. TO GRAZE. ill, Fig.: 
to handle a matier cursorily : 1, at- 
tingo, 3}: v.10 TOUCH UPON. Q, expr. 
by strictim (cursorily) and a verb: e. g. 
breviter strictimque dicere, Cic. Clu. 10, 
29; strictim atque cursim transgredi, 
Gell. 1, 3, med. 3. perstringo, nxi, 
ctum, 3: Join: [breviter} perstringere 
atque attingere, Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201. 
gland: physiol. ¢. t.: glans, ndis, f- : 
€. g., g penis, Cels. 7, 25, init. . The pl. 
glandulae is used of the glands of the 
throat, the tonsils: Cels. 4, 1, iit. 
glanders: perh. Atticus profluvius 
(i. e. profluvium), Veg. Vet. 1, 3. 
dular:; *glandis formam s. na- 
turam habens. (Col. bas glandulosus 
=abounding in knots or lumps, R. R. 
1, 9, init.) 
glare (subs.): perb. fulgor: cf. ruti- 
lus fulgor, Cic. Rep. 6, 17: Vv. FLASH, 
BRIGHTNESS. Phr.: they see the armour 
Shine with a ruddy g. through the clear 
sky, arma per sudum rutilare vident, 
Virg. Aen. 8, 529: his eyes have the 
same g. (of Lycaon changed into a wolf), 
idem oculi lucent, Ov. Met. 1, 239. 
glare (v.): |. Yo shine with a 
ruddy light : rutilare, rutilo lumine ful- 
gere: v.preced.art. |], Zo look jiercely 
upon: torvis oculis (torva, poet.) tueri, 
aspicere, Oy. (cf. Virg. Aen. 3, 677, 
cernimus astantes nequicquam lumine 
torvo Aetnaeos fratres, “ fiercely glaring 
upon us”). Phr.: the eyes g. fiercely, 
ex oculis micat acribus ardor, Lucr. :- v. 
TO FLASH, GLEAM. 
laring (adj.): |. Shining rud- 
dily: fulgens, riitilans, ritilus: v. SHIN- 
ING, RUDDY. II. Conspicuous, fla- 
grant : 1, manifestus: g. perjury, 
m. perjurium, Cic.: Vv. MANIFEST. 2. 
insignis, e (oftener in good sense) : 
Join: illustre atque insigne [perju- 
rium], Cic. Harusp. 16, 36: v. CONSPI- 
cuoUs. 8 néfarius, néfandus: v. 


aperté, manifesté: v. 


glass (subs.): |. Uhe material: 
], vitrum: to make g., v. coquere, 
cf. Plin. 36, 26, 66; and ‘lac. H. 5, 7, 
extr.: to blow, turn, chase, g., Vv. flatu 
figurare, torno terere, caelare, Plin. |. ¢.: 
to form g. into various shapes by blow- 
ing, spiritu v. in habitus plurimos for- 
mare, Sen. Ep. go, 31: to paint on g., 
vitrum_ coloribus pingere [et colores 
inurere]: v. ENCAUsTIC. Made of g., 
vitreus: v. GLASS (adj.). 2. lapis 
spéciilaris (a kind of transparent stone 
used for windows, etc.): Plin. 36, 22, 
45: cf. Petr. 68, init., ex lapide speculari 
pulvis factus. |]. A mtrror: spéci- 
lum: v. LOOKING-GLASS. |||, A drink- 
ing g.: poculum s. pocillum vitreum : 
v. cuP; and GLass (adj.). Phr.: to 
drink out of a g.(as opp. to a cup of 
other material), vitro bibere, Mart. 1, 38. 
IV. A telescope, microscope, ete. : 
see the several words. V. Glass- 
ware: collectively : 1, vitrea, orum: 
broken g., Vv. fracta, Mart. 1, 41, 4: Petr. 
Sat. 10, init. 2. vitreamina, um: 
Paul. Dig. 33, 7, 18 § 13. 3, vitrea 
stipellex: cf. Prop. 5, 8, 37. 
glass (v.): i. e. to represent in a 
mirror: the Almighty’s form g.’s itself 
in the ocean (Byron), *quasi forma quae- 
dam Dei lympharum speculo redditur: 
v. TO MIRROR. 


glaringly : 
MANIFESTLY. 


glass, of glass (adj) 1, vitreus: 
a g. vessel, vas v.,Sen. N. Q. 3, 18, 4: 
Col.: Plin.: v. GLassy. The neut. pl. 


is used subs.: v. GLass (V.). BA) 
hyalinus (Gr. badvvos): a g. ball, hb. 
sphaera, Fulg.: Capell. 


glass-maker: 1, vitrarius: Sen. 
Ep. 99, 31. Q. (vitri) artifex : Plin. 
36, 26, 66. 


glass-manufactory : (vitri) offi- 
cina: Plin. 36, 26, 66. 

glassy: 1, vitreus: g. wave, v. 
unda, Virg. Aen. 7, 759: Hor. 2), 
hyalinus (rare): v. GLAss (adj.). 

glaze: |. Zo cover with a vitreous 
coating: *vitrum alicui rei illinere: v. 
TOOVERLAY. |], To furnish a window, 
etc., with glass: *fenestram, domum, 
lapide speculari [vitro] aptare, instruere : 
Vv. GLASS. 

glazier: perh. faber vitrarius: but 
vitrarius only occurs = glass-maker, q. Vv. 

gleam (subs.): |, Lit.: 1, fulgor 
(any bright shining): tremulous g. (of 
eyes), tremulus f., Ov. A. A. 2,921. 2, 
radius: v. RAY. 98, aura (rare): the g. 
of the gold (golden bough), auri a., Virg. 
Aen. 6, 204. Phr.: mid fitful g.s of 
moonlight, per incertam lunam, Virg. 
Aen. 6,270. —_|j, Fig.: of hope, joy, 
etc.: Phr.: a slight g. (gale, breath) of 
hope, levis aura spei, Liv. 42, 39, ‘pit. : 
T yet cheered myseif with this g. of hope, 
hac tamen oblectabar spécula, Cic. Fam. 
2, 16, ad fin.: simly. aliquid speculae, 
Cie. Clu. 26, 72: the city seemed to catch 
a q. (of hope and joy), lux quaedam 
affulsisse visa est, Liv. 9, 10, init.: cf. 
id. 27, 28, ad fin., Magoni prima spes, 
morte nuntiata Marcelli affulsit. 

gleam (v.): 1. radio, 1 (to emit 
rays of light): cats’ eyes flash und g. 
in the dark, felium in tenebris fulgent 
r.que oculi, Plin. 11, 37, 55. Esp. in 
pres. part.: g.ing arms, radiantia arma, 
Virg.: Ov. A dep. form occurs: the 
temples g. with gold, templa auro ra- 
diantur, Auct. Dial. Or. 20, extr. - 
niteo, 2 (to emit a steady reflected light) : 
a thousand different hues g. (in the 
rainbow), diversi n. mille colores, Ov. 
Met. 6, 65: to gleam with marble, 
marmore n., Auct. Dial. Or. 20, extr.: 
Vv. TO SHINE. In sim. sense, rénideo, 2 
(to cast back a gleam): Hor. Od. 2, 18, 
1: Lucr.: Virg. 3, cdrusco, I: v. 
TO GLITTER. 4. mico,1: the sky gs 
with fires, m. ignibus aether, Virg. : 


Liv.: v. TO GLITTER. 5, fulgeo, 2: 
Vv. TO FLASH. . 
gleaming (@4).): 1. cOruscus 


GUT? 

the sun, radii solis c., Ov.: g. woods, 
silvae c., Virg. Aen. 1, 164: Lucr.: v. 
GLITTERING. 9. radians, ntis: v. To 
GLEAM. 8. rénidens, ntis: g. brass 
(of arms), r. aera, Virg.G. 2,282. 4, 
nitidus: Vv. BRIGHT. 

glean: 1. spicas colligo, légi, 
lectum, 3: Vulg. Ruth ii. 2. 2. racé- 





| mor, 1: strictly, to gather clusters (= ‘o 
treat in a supplementary way): used 
fig. Varr. R. R. 3, 9. 4 " 

gleaner: expr. by part.: v. preced. 
art. Phr.: to leave an ear or two for 
the g.s (fig.), e segete ad spicilegium 
relinquere stipulam, Varr. L. L. 7(6), 
7§ 109. | 

gleaning (subs.): 1, spicllégium: 

Vans BOR: 7, 53. 2. racématio (of 

clusters of grapes): Tert. 

glebe: gléba, sdlum: v. sop, som. 
Phr.: g.-land, *ager ecclesiasticus (7) 

glede: milvus: v. HAWK. 

lee: laetitia, gaudium : 

Full of g., laetabundus, Gell. 

gleeful : laetus, etc.: v. JoYFUL. 
glen: vallis, convallis: v. VALLEY. 

Ov. thus describes a mountain g. with 

torrents, concava vallis et qua se demit- 

tere rivi assuerant pluvialis aquae, Met. 

8, 334. 


v. JOY. 


glib: |. Slippery: lubricus: v. 
SLIPPERY. [|]. Fig.: speaking with 
ease: volibilis: v. FLUENT, VOLUBLE. 


glibly: of speech, facile et volubi- 
liter: Vv. VOLUBLY. 

glibness: Vv. SLIPPERINESS; VOLU- 
BILITY. 

glide: labor, psus, 3: to g. along in 
wandering and changeful manner (of 
the planets), vaga et mutabili ratione L., 
Cic. Tim. 10, med.: of the motion of 
ships, Virg. Aen. 8,91. Fig.: the fleet 
years g. away, fugaces 1. anni, Hor. 
back; rélabor, 3: Hor. Fig.: 
Ig. insensibly back to the doctrines of 
Aristippus, in Aristippi furtim prae- 
cepta r., Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 18. 

— down: déJabor, 3: Virg.: Ov. 
— in, into: illabor, 3: Cic. 
Lem through or over: perlabor, 3: 
Ti 





— to, towards: allabor, 3: Liv.: 
Virg. 

—— under, beneath: subterlabor, 
3: rivers g.ing neath the walls of an- 
cient cities, flumina antiquos subter- 
labentia muros, Virg. G. 2, 157. 

glide, gliding (subs.): lapsus, fs, 
m.: the serpents escape by g., dracones 
lapsu effugiunt, Virg. Aen. 2,225: Hor. : 
delapsus (downwards): Varr.: allapsus 
(towards) : Hor. 

glimmer: subliceo, 2 (to cast a 
feeble light): twilight g.s, crepuscula 
sublucent, Ov. A. A. 1, 5,5: Virg. See 
also TO FLICKER. 

glimmering (adj.): sublustris, e 
raed light): the g. night, 8. nox, 

or. Od. 3, 27, 31: Virg. See also 
FLICKERING. 

glimpse: no exact word: v. LOOK. 
Phr.: to get a g. of: dispicio, spexi, 
spectum, 3: a g. of Thule hos been got 
(in spite of snow and storm), dispecta 
est Thule, Tac. Agr. 10: what wonder 
if feeble minds cannot get a g. of the 
truth, quid mirum si imbecilli animi 
verum d. non possint! Cic. Div. 2, 39, 
81: to get a g. of anything through a 
grating in passing, aliquid per transen- 
Dam strictim aspicere praetereuntem, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 162: ag. of hope, spé- 
cula (prop. a small hope), Cic.: ¥.GLEAM 
(fig.). 
glisten: 

glistering (adj.): 
V. GLITTERING, BRIGHT. 

glitter (subs.): 1, fuigor, orfs, m. 
(emitted or reflected): the g. of gold, f. 
ab auro, Lucr.: the g. of arms, f. armo- 
rum, Hor.: to be dazzled with insane 
g. (display), insanis fulgoribus stupere, 
Hor. S. 2, 2, 5: V- BRIGHTNESS, FLASH. 

9. nitor (reflected): the g. of gold 
and silver, argenti et auri n., Ov. Pont. 


liiceo, ridio: v. TO GLEAM. 
licidus, candens: 





3 23- 
glitter (v.): 


1, fuigeo, fulsi, 2° 
341 


GLITTERING 


GLORY 





and fulgo, 3: marble abodes, g.ing with 
tvory and gold, marmorea tecta ebore 
et auro fulgentia, Cic.: v. TO SHINE. 
2. liceo, luxi, 2 (usu. denoting a 
milder lustre than fulgeo): a throne 
g-ing with bright emeralds, solium claris 
lucens smaragdis, Ov. Met. 2, 24: v. 
TO SHINE. 3. splendeo, 2 (to shine 
brightly) : the sea g.s under the tremu- 
lous light, s. tremulo sub lumine pontus, 
Virg. Aen. 7, 9: Hor. 4, mico, ui, 
Atum, 1 (esp. of a quick, flashing light) : 
the swords g. (in action), m. gladii, Liv. 
2, 20: Virg. 5, corusco, 1 (with 
quack, restless movement : poet.): the 
lightning g.s among the clouds, flamma 
inter nubes c., puet. in Cic. de Or. 3, 39. 
157: Claud. 6, niteo, rénideo, 2 
(with reflected light): v. TO GLEAM. 
7, fulgeo, 2: v. TO SHINE. 
glittering (adj.): 1. céruscus 
with rapid play of light: poet.): g. 
ightnings, c. fulmina, Virg. G. 1, 328: 
the g. sun, c. sol, Virg.: Vv. GLEAMING. 
9, fulgidus: v. BRIGHT, FLASHING. 
8. nitidus (with reflected lustre) : 
v. GLEAMING. 4. splendidus (very 
bright): the g. constellations, s. signa, 
Lucr.: Vv. BRILLIANT. _§, candens, ntis 
Chang white): g. rocks, c. saxa, Hor. 
Pt 531205 Wire: G. candidus (like 
preced.): Soracte g.-white with snow, 
nive c. Soracte, Hor.: v. V. HITE. as 
vitreus (like glass): g. Circe, v. Circe, 
Hor. Od. 1, 17, 20. (N.B—Also the 
paritt. fulgens, nitens, rénidens, may be 
used adject.: v. TO GLITTER.) 
gloat: expr. by pasco, pavi, stum, 3: 
to g. over any one’s tortures, alicujus 
cruciatu p. oculos, Cic. : v. TO FEAST (A.). 
globe: |. Any round object: — 1, 
globus: g.s of jive, g. flammarum, Virg. 
G.1, 473. Dimin. globiilus, Plin. 2, 
sphaera: Cic.: v. SPHERE. 3, pila: 
a g. of glass filled with water, vitrea p. 
aqua plena, Sen. N. Q. 1, 6,6: v. BALL. 
(N.B.—Orbis strictly denotes a plane 
figure: Vv. CIRCLE.) I]. The earth: 
orbis, is, m.: usu. with terrae, terrarum, 
Cic.: v. EARTH. 
globosity: globdsitas, e. g., terrae, 
Macr. Som. Seip. 1, 16, med. 
globular: glébosus: Cic. Tim. 6, 
init. See also ROUND, SPHERICAL. To 
make of a g. shape, conglobo, 1: Cic. 
N. D. 2, 39: the simple verb globo also 
occurs, but both are most freq. in p. 
vart. 
globule; globiilus, pilila: v. GLOBE, 
PILL. 
gloom: |. Lit.: ténebrae, caligo: 
Vv. DARKNESS. I]. Fig.: of calamity, 
sadness, etc. : 1, ténebrae, arnm: in 
what g. is this life spent, qualibus in t. 
degitur hoc aevi! Luer.: if exile have 
cast a g. over you, si quid tenebrarum 
offudit exsilium, Cic. ‘usc. 3, 34, 82. 
Q. caligo, inis, f. (thick darleness) : 
see now the g. of those times, vide nunc 
c. temporum illorum, Cic. P!. 40, 96. 
Join: caligo et tenebrae, Cic. in Sen. 
BSS 8. tristitia: from the height of 
joy, suddenly a g. fell upon all, ex 
summa laetitia, repente omnes t. inva- 
sit, Sall. Cat. 31: a kind of g. contracts 
the face of the earth, quasi t. quaedam 
contrahit terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 102: 
Vv. SADNESS. 
gloomily ; moesté: v. SORROWFULLY. 
Sometimes an adj., as tristis (cf. L. G. 
§ 342) may serve: how g. the sun rises to 
the wretched, * quam tristis surgit sol 
miseris! v. GLOOMY. 
gloominess: ténebrae: v. GLOOM. 
gloomy: 1. ater, tra, trum: the g. 
cypress, a. cupressus, Virg. Aen. 3, 64: 
y. Cocytus, a. Cocytus, Hor, Od. 2, 14, 


17: @ g. day (of death), a. dies, Virg. | 


Aen. 6, 429. 2, furvus (chiefly poet.) : 
the g. caverns (of Acheron), f. antra, 
Ov. Met. 5, 541: g. Proserpine, f. Proser- 
pina, Hor. Od. 2, 13, 21. 3, nubilus 
(cloudy: poet.): the g. Styx, n. Styx, 
Ov. Fast. 3, 322: a road g. with yews, 
via n. taxo, Ov. Met. 4, 432: g. fate, n. 
Parca, Ov. Tr. 5, 3,14. 4 ténebrosus, 
ténebricosus: v. DARK. 5, tristis, e 
(properly only of persons: v. SAD): g. 
342 





| florere, Cic. de Or. 1, init. : 





Tartarus, t. Vartara, Virg. Aen. 6.243:| glory (v.): 


g. trees, t. arbores, Plin. 16, 25, 40: a 
more g. life, vita tristior, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 
108: g. severity, t. severitas, Ter. 6. 
tetricus (prop. of looks: sad and for- 
bidding): a g. mind, [horridus et] t. 
animus, Sen. Ep. 36, 3: g. goddesses 
(i. e. the Parcae), t. deae, Mart. 4, 73, 
6. ‘7, moestus (Vv. SORROWFUL): most 
g. with concealed wrath, tacita moestis- 
simus ira, Val. Fl. 5, 568: g. orators, 
m. oratores, Auct. Dial. Or. 23: g. fear, 
m. timor, Virg. 8, caecus: v. DARK. 
9, caertileus (of dark hue: poet.): 

the g. bark of fate, c. ratis fati, Prop. 

glorification : icatio: Aug. 
(Better expr. by verb: v. TO GLORIFY.) 

glorify : 1, glorifico, 1: Tert. 
Vulg. (N.B.—Not class.) Q, illustro, 1 
(to render distinguished) : to g. any one 
with praise, aliquem laudibus i., Lucc. 
in Cic, Fam. 5, 14, med. 3, célébro, 
I: V. TOCELEBRATE. See also TO ?RAISE, 
HONOUR. 

glorious: 1. gloridsus (cf persons, 
usu. = boastful): to deserve well of the 
commonwealth is g., bene mereri de re- 
publica g. est, Cic. Ph. 1, 14, 33: most 
g. victories, victoriae gloriosissimae, 
Suet.: Tac. Q, inclitus (chiefly poet.): 
V. RENOWNED. 3, praeclarus (excellent 
or eminent beyond others): O g. day, 
O p. diem! Cic. Sen. 23, 85: a most g. 
achievement, praeclarissimum facinus, 
Nep. Tim. 1: Sall. 4. pulcher, chra, 
chrum: a most g. deed, pulcherrimuin 
facinus, Tac. Ann. 1, 8, fin.: Sall.: v. 
HONOURABLE. 5, amplus: most g. 
achievements, amplissimae res gestae, 
Cic. Att. 8, 9-ad med. Join: amplum 
et gloriosurs [est], Liv. 6. clarus, 
illustris ; V. FAMOUS, ILLUSTRIOUS. Phr.: 
to be very g. (of an action), magnae, 
maximue gloriae esse, Cic. Pl. 36, 89; to 
be for ever g. (of an individual), in 
aeterna [sempiterna] gloria esse, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 10, 24: to regard anything 
as g., aliquid in gloria ponere, Plin. 4, 
25, 25. 

gloriously: 1. sloriosé: to tri- 
umph g., g. triumphare, Cic. Fam. 2, 12. 
Join: gloriosissime et magnificentis- 
sime, Cic. Att. 14, 4. 2. egrégieé 
(excellently well, with great distinction) : 
to conquer g., e. vincere, Liv. 21, 40, 
init. 3. cum [magna, maxima, sum- 
ma] laude; non sine gloria: v. GLORY. 
Phr.: to live g. (a glorious life), in 
gloria vivere, Cic. Fam. 15, 6, init. 

glory (swbs.): |, Im abstract sense ; 
praise, distinction : 1, gloria: real, 
solid, substantial g., vera, gravis, solida 
g., Cic.: eternal g., g. aeterna, sempi- 
terna, Cic.: to long for g., g. expetere, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 1972: to be attracted 
by g., gloria duci, Cic. Arch. 11, init. : 
tu get g., g. capere, Cic. Am. 7, extr.; g. 


consequi, id. Ph. 2, 44, 1143 g. adipisci, | 


id. Off. 2, 13, imit.: to get g. by well 
doing, g. benefactis parare, Quint.: Sall. 
(v.TO GET): all those things have brought 
me immurtal g., mihi illa omnia immor- 
talem g. dederunt, Cic. in Pis. 26, 63: 
to be distinguished for the g. of one’s 
achievements, gloria rerum gestarum 
I have 
warred not without g., militavi non 
sine g., Hor. Dimin. gloriola, petty, 
paltry g., Cic. Fam. 5, 12, fin. iS 
laus, dis, f.: tis no mean g., non ultima 
1. est, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 35: to be a g. to 
any ome, alicui [magnae] laudi esse, 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 99: V. PRAISF. 8, décus, 
oris, m. (usu. in sense II.): to maintain 
the dignity and the g. of the state, civi- 
tatis dignitatem et d. sustinere, Cic. Off. 
I, 32, 124: true g. consists in virtue, 
verum d. in virtute positum est, Cic. 

4, claritas, claritudo: v. RENOWN. 

I]. An ornament, distinction: 1, 
décus: mind is the g. of man, hominis 


d. ingenium, Cic. Br. 15, 59: (Pompey) | 


the g. and light of the empire of the 
people of Rome, imperii P. R. decus ac 
lumen, id. Ph. 2, 22, 54. 2. ornamen- 
tum: v. ORNAMENT. Il. Zhe halo 
round the head of a saint: nimbus: cf. 
Virg. Aen. to, 634: comp. Serv. a. 1. 





GLOWING 





1. glorior, 1 (foll. by 
abl.; either alone or with in, de): to g. 
in names, nominibus g., Cie. Or. 50, 169: 
we rightly g. in virtue, in virtute recte 
gloriamur, id. N. D. 3, 36, 87: with de 
id. Fin. 3, 8, 28: v. TO BOAST. oe 
efféro, extili, €latum, 3, irr. (with pron. 
refl.): in this I g., not a little, hic me 
magnifice effero, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 31: 
to g. in wickedness and tyranny, scelere 
atque superbia sese e., Sall. Jug. 14, 
med. : Cic. 3, jacto, 1: v. TO BOAST. 
Phr.: many g. in enduring heat for 
many hours, plerique in gloria ducunt, 
plurimis horis calorem perpeti, Plin, 31, 
6, 32. 

—— over: insulto, 1 (usu. with 
dat.) : Cic.: v. TO EXULT OVER. 

glorying: gloriatio: Cic. Fin. 3 8, 
28. See also BOAST. 

gloss (subs.): |. 4 shining ap- 
pearance: nitor: V. GLOSSINEss. Phr,: 
to give a g. to any thing, polire, aliquid 
nitidius reddere (v. TO POLISH): to take 
the g. off any one’s achievements, *ali- 
cujus factorum gloriam minuere: v. TO 


DISPARAGE. I]. An explanation of a 
difficult word : 1, iuterprétatio, in- 
terprétamentum: Vv. INTERPRETATION. 


2. glossa, ae (rare in this sense): v. 
Forcell. s. v. 

—— over (v.): perh. cdloro, 1: ef. 
Val. Max. 8, 2, 2, libidinosam liberali- 
tatem debiti nomine colorando. See 
also TO EXTENUATE. 

glossary: 1. glossarium: Gell. 
18, 7, med. 2. glossae, arum (i.e. a 
collection of obsolete words ; glossae, 
glossemata): to compile g.s, glossas scri- 
bere, Varr. L. L. 7, 2 § 10. 

glossiness: nitor: g. of plumage, 
n. pennarum, Phaedr. 1, 13, 6: Vv 
BRIGHTNESS, SMOOTHNESS. 

glossy: 1, nitidus: g. hair, n. 
caesaries, Virg. G. 4,337: g. in his youth 
JSresh skin), n. juventa, id. Aen. 2, 473: 

V.: V. BRIGHT. 2. perh. in some 
cases, candidus (shining and fair): g. 
white limbs, c. membra, Ov. Met. 2, 607. 

gloves: perh. manuum tegumenta, 
(tegumenta) digitalia, Kr. s.v. In Plin. 
Ep. 3, 5, 15, mauicae is used of a kind 
of covering for the hand and arm, no- 
tarius cujus Manus hieme manicis mu- 
niebantur, but cf. Gierig ad 1., and v. 
SLEEVE. (Wigitalia or digitabula in 
Varr. R. R. 1, 55, are evidently not 
gloves, but implements used in knocking 
Sruit off a tree.) 

gloved (pait.adj.): Phr.: with g. 
hand, *manibus intectis, digitalibus ves- 
titis. 

glover: nearest word perh. wanile- 
arius, Pl. Aul. 3,5, 37. (Forcell. gives 
chirothecarius, e Gloss .) 

glow (subs.): ardor, fervor, calor; v- 
HEAT. Phr.: tm the g. of youth, cali- 
dus juventa, Hor. Od. 3, 14, 27: to be 
in a@ g., candere: v. TO GLOW 

glow (v.): 1. candeo, ui, 2: the 
g.ing tron hisses from the hot furnace, 
calidis candens ferrum e fornacibus stri- 
dit, Lucr. 6, 148: the air grew ging 
hot, aér fervoribus ustus canduit, Ov. 
Met. 1, 120. Hence incept., candesco, 
3, to begin to g., to become g.ing hot : 
Lucr.: Ov. Comps. incandesco, excan- 
desco, strengthened trom preced.: cf. 
FIRE, TO TAKE. 2. ardeo, incept, 
ardesco, arsi: Vv. FIRE, TO TAKE; BE ON. 

3, ferveo, bui, 2; also fervo, i, 3 
(strictly, to boil): the sun is g.ing hot, 
sol fervit, Gell. 2, 29, med. Esp. in fig 
sense, the work g.s (“its all alive’), 
fervet opus, Virg. G. 4, 169: fo g. with 
passion, (ab) ira fervere, Ov. Met. 2, 
602: Hor. Jncept. fervesco, 3 (rare) : 
Lucr.: Plin. 4, aestuo, 1 (like pre- 
ced.): the parched air g.s, torridus a. 
aér, Prop. Fig.: the concealed flame 
(of love) g.s all the more, tectus magis 
a. ignis, Ov. Met. 4, 64. 5, flagro, 1 
(strictly, to blaze, be on fire). Fig.: to 
g. with love, amore f., Cic.: V. INFLAMED, 
TO BE. 

glowing (adj.): |, Withheat: 1, 
candens, ntis: Lucr.: v. TO GLOW (1). 

2. ardens, ntis: g. Etna, a. Aetna, 





GLOWINGLY 


GO 





Hor. A. P. 465: g. Scorpio, a. Scorpins, | to be a very g. in books, libris h., Cic. | 


Virg. G. I, 35. 3, fervens, ntis: g. 
embers, f. cinis, Plin.: g. wheel, f. rota, 
Ov. Pont. 1, 8, 68. 4, fervidus: g. 
wheel, f. rota, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 4. See also 
HOT, FIERY. ||, With eagerness, passion, 
etc.: fervidus, calidus, etc.: V. EAGER, 
FERVENT. II]. Of colour, brilliant, 
as if mm fire: ardens. most g. hue, ar- 
dentissimus c., Plin. 21, 4, 10: Virg. 
See also prr“uiaNT; and infr. (1V.). 
IV. In such phr. as, in g. terms (of 
eulogy): Phr.: he spoke in most g. 
terms of my consulate, ornatissime de 
meo consulatu locutus est, Cic. Att. 1, 
14 ae cf. pleno ore laudare, Cic. Off. 1, 
18, 61; amplissime laudare, Plin. 18, 3, 
3, med. : to paint in g. colours, (insigni- 
bus) verborum coloribus depingere, cf. 
Gell. 14,13; varie pingere, Cic. Att. 1, 
14, 4. 
glowingly: in glowing language: 
v. preced. art. (IV.). 
glow-worm: cicindéla, lampyris, 
idis, f.: the former was the rustic 
name, and the latter borrowed from the 
Gk.: explained as stellans volatus, Plin. 
18, 26, 66. (Lampyris noctilica, Linn.) 
gloze: blandivr, adulor: v. TO FLAT- 
TER, FAWN. 
glozing (adj.): blandildquus: PL: 
Sen. (trag.): v. BLAND, FLATTERING. 
tlue (subs.): zliten, inis, n.; gli- 
tinum, i: Varr.: Plin. 
glue (v.): glitino, 1: to g. sheets 
of paper together. chartas g., Plin.: 
to g. together broken pieces of glass, 
vitri fragmenta g., Plin. Comps. agglu- 
tino (to g. one thing to another), Vlin.: 
Cels.; conglutino (to g. together), chiefly 
used fig., Varr.: v. TO STICK TOGETHER. 
(N.B.—The above may be used of any 
kind of glutinous cement.) Phr.: he 
has g.d lip to lip in fine style, \abra 
labris ferruminavit admodum, PI. Mil. 
4, 8, 25. 
glue-maker: glitinarius: Inscr. 
gluer: glitinator (— book-binder) : 
Cic. Att. 4, 4. 
gluey: glitindsus: v. GLUTINOUS. 
glug: onomatop. word: glut, glut, 
Vet. Poet. in Anthol. 
glut(v.): 1, expleo, évi, étum, 2: to 
g. oneself with long-wished-for carnage, 
diu optata caede [se] ex., Liv. 31, 24, 
ad fin.: Cic.: v. TO SATISFY. i 
3atio, sAtiiro, 1 (stronger than preced., 
fo fill to satiety): Cic.: Vv. TO SATIATE. 
, pasco, 3: v.TO FEAST. Phr.: 
tog. the corn-market, *vilitatem annonae 
efficere (comp. foll. art.); satiatem fru- 
menti facere, Sall. fr. in Non. 
glut (subs.): |. In gen. sense, 
satias, satiétas: v. SATIETY. ll. Ga 
market: perh. vilitas: there followed 
such a g. in the corn-market, tanta 
vilitas rei frumentariae consecuta est, 
Cic. Manil. 15, 44: more precisely, 
stias, Sall. fr.: v. preced. art. fin. 
glutinous: 1, glitinosus: g. 
resin, g. resina, Cels.: Col. 9. lentus 
(tough, stringy): cement more g. than 
bird-lime, gluten visco lentius, Virg. G. 
4 41. 3. viscdsus (like bird-lime): 
Join: mollis et viscosus, Pall. R. R. 1, 
a (Viscidus, v. rare.) 4, ténax 
(clinging, like cement): Virg.: Plin.: 
vy. stIcKY. Jo become g., lentescere, 3: 
Tac. Ger. 45. 
glutinousness: lentor: g. of pitch, 
1. picis, Plin.: who has also lentitia in 
same sense. (Or expr. by circuml., 
tenax s. glutinosa natura.) 
glutton: 1. héluo or helluo, onis, 
m.: a foul, impure g., spurcus, impurus 
h., Cic. Fig.: a perfect g. in books, h. 
librorum, cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 2,7. Join: 
gurges atque heluo; natus abdomini 
suo, Cic. in Pis. 17, 41. 2, lurco, Onis, 
m. (a coarse word): Lenaeus in Suet. 
Graeis nol 8. podpino, dnis, m. : 
Hor. S. 2, 7, 39: cf. Suet. 1c A form 
popinator also occurs, Macr. 4, gliito 
or glutto, Onis, m.: Pers. 5, 112. 5. 
homo giildsus : v. GLUTTONOUS. 
glutton, to be a: béluor (helluor), 
1: to play the g. on the open stage, in 
exostra h., Cic. prov. cons. 6, fin. Fig.: 





Fin. 3, 2, 7. 


gluttonous: 
g. with their very eyes, oculis quoque g. 


sunt, Sen. N. Q. 3,18, atr.: Mart. Q, |} 


édax, acis (a milder term than preced.) : 
v. voracious, Phr.: to be a g. man, 
ventri, gulae, popinae deditum esse: v. 
GLUTTONY. 
gluttonously: gulose: Col.: Ter. 

_ gluttony: 
in Sen. 6, 13. 
mess): Cic. Q. Fr. 3,9: Pl. 3. expr. 
by meton., gila, venter, ingliivies, gut- 
tur, popina: a man of insatiable, dis- 
gusting g., homo profundae, sordidae 


1, giildésus: they are | 


1, héluatio (hell.): Cic. | 
2. édacitas (voracious- | 





gulae, Suet. Vit. 13: to be addicted to | 
g., guiae parere, Hor. S. 2, 7, 111: to) 


waste a patrimony by gambling or g., 
manu, ventre, bona patria lacerare, Sail. 
Cat. 14: addictedness to g., obsequium 
ventris, Hor. S. 2, 7, 104: (Vitellius) 


notorious for g. and voracity, notabilis | 


ingluvie et voracitate, Eutr.: Hor. S. 1, 
2,8: an example of g., magni gutturis 
exemplum, Juv. 2, 114 (cf. Cic. Coel. 19, 
44, Vitium ventris et gutturis): for the 
gratification of g., ad popinam, Sen. 
N.Q. 3, 18, extr. Phr.: to indulge in 
g., heluari (Vv. GLUTTON, TO BE); no g.or 
debauchery, nulla conviviorum ac lus- 
trorum libido, Cic. Coel. 19, 44. 

gnarled; noddsus: v. KNoTTY. 

gnash: 1, frendeo, 2; frendo, 3 
(only in imperf. tenses; esp. part.): he 
g.’d his teeth, freudebat dentibus, Pl. 
Capt. 4, 4, 5: also without dentibus: 
graviter frendens, Virg. G. 4, 452: Liv. 

9, infrendeo, 2 (strictly, to g. the 

teeth at any one): inf. alicui, Stat. Th. 
8, 580: g.ing the teeth with a groan, 
dentibus infrendens gemitu, Virg. Aen. 
3, 664. 3 dentibus strideo or strido: 
v. TO GRIND (I1.) , and foil. art. 

gnashing (su6s.) : 1. stridor den- 
tium: Cels. 2, 7: Vulg. Matt. viii. 12. 

Q. frendor (not class.): ‘ert. 

gnat: ciilex, icis, m.; Pl.: Hor.: 
Plin. 

gnaw: rodo, si, sum, 3: mice had 
g.d the shield, clipeos mures roserant, 
Cic.: to g. the nails to the quick, vivos 
ungues r., Hor. S. 1,10, 71: Ov. Hence 
comps.: atrodo, to g. a little, on the 
edges (V. TO NIBBLE): abrodo, to g. off, 
Plin.: corrodo, to g. all over, Cic.: prae- 
rodo, to g. off the end of any thing, Hor. 
For fig. sense, v. TO GALL, WORRY. 

gnawing (adj.): mordax: g. cares, 
m. sollicitudines, Hor. 

gnawing (subs.): morsus, us: the 
perpetual g. of anxiety, perpetui curarum 
morsus, Ov. Pont. 1, 1, 73: Cic.: v. 
STING (fig.). 

gnome: |], A maxim (yvepn): 
gnome, és: Front. Ep. (pure Latin, sen- 
tentia): v. MAXIM. I. A kind of 
fairy, supposed to inhabit the centre of 
the earth: in pl., di opertanei, Capell. 
(5th cent.): v. FAIRY. 

gnomic: gnomicus (yrwpcKos): term 
used by mod. critics: Scimeld: ad Theog. 
A g. poet, gnomologus, ib. 

gnomon: i.e. the index of a dial: 
gnomon, Onis, m.: Plin. 2, 72, 74: Vitr. 

gnomonic: i. e. pertaining to dial- 
ling: gnomdnicus, Vitr. Gnomonics, 
as name of the art, gnomonice, és, or 
-a, -ae, Vitr.: Gell. 

gnostic: gnosticus: Aug.: Tert. 

gnosticism: *gnosticorum ratio, doc- 
trina (by themselves called gnosis, Gr. 
yvwdus). 

gnu: perh. leucricdta (var. spelt): 
Plin. 8, 21, 30 (Antilope gnu, Cycl.). 

go: |. Lit.: of movement: 1, €0, 
ivi (ii), itum, 4 (most gen. term): 7 am 
going to the forum, eo ad forum, Pl.: go 
and be hanged, i in malam crucem! PL. : 
to go to bed, cubitum i., Cic. N.B.—Eo 
is oft. used in pass. impers. (cf. L. G. 
§ 632): they go into an ancient wood, 
itur in antiquam silvam, Virg. Aen. 6, 
179: tell me whither to go, dicite qua 
sit eundum, Ov. Tr. 3,1,19. 2, vado, 
si, sum, 3 (esp. to go or make one’s way 
with violence): v.TO RUSH: Iam going 
to-morrow to Pompey early, ad Pom- 


GO BEYOND 





peium postridie mane vadebam, Cic, 
Att. 4, 10, extr.: go, and report these 
commands to your king, vadite, et haec 
regi mandata referte, Virg. Aen. 11, 176 
3, meo, 1 (strictly, to go to and 
Jro: rare in prose): to go this way and 
that, huc illuc m., Tac. Ann. 4, §: cf 
ib. 3, 34, fin., quotiens D. Augustum in 
Occidentem atque Orientem meavisse 
in Hor. Od. 1, 4, 17=simply ire. 4. 
gradior, gressus, 3 (Co pace, step along) - 
going side by side, pariter gressi, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 633: to go resulutely to one’s 
death, fidenti anime g. ud mortem, Cic. 
5. proficiscor, fectus, 3: v. TO sET 


OUT. |]. %o deport - 1, abeo, 4, 
trr.: he w gone, abiit, Cic.: v. TO De- 
PART. 2. vado, 3: /entulus is with 


me to-day: he goes to-moi row morning, 
L. bodie apud me; cras mane vadit, Cie. 
Att. 14, 11, eztr. 3. proficiscor, 3: 
Vv. TO SET OUT. II]. Zo turn out, issue, 
well or ill: cédo, ssi, ssum, 3: if aught 
had gone ill with him, si male cesserat, 
Hor. S. 2,1, 31. Phr- as affairs go, 
ut nunc est, Hor. S. 1, 9, 5: ¥. TO Go 
ON. IV. To be sold or valued: cédo, 
3: to go two for one (of sheep), vinas 
pro singulis c., Cato, R. R. 150: to g. 
(be reckoned) for salary, c. pro stipendio, 
Tac. G. 14. See also TO RECKON. Vv. 
To be current: Phr.: as the story goes, 
ut ferunt, Cic. N. D. 3, 22, fin.; sicut 
fertur, id. de Or. 1, 11, 49: or the verbs 
fero, trado, prodo may be used without 
a parenthesis: (Vulcan) as the story 
goes, was master of a smithy in Limnos, 
qui Lemni fabricae praefuisse traditur, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 55: simly, with dicitur, 
ib. 18, 45; proditum est, ib. 23, 54, etc.: 
V. TO REPORT. 

go about: |. Lit.: to make a 
circuit : circumeo (circueo), 4, irr: ¥. 
TO GO ROUND, I]. 70 make efforts: 

1, ev, 4, irr. (with sup.): they go 
about to deprive the good of their re- 
wards, bonorum praemia ereptum eunt, 
Sall. Jug. 85, ad fin.: Liv. 2, mdlior, 
4 (implying a difficult task): to go about 
any thing with much labour, aliquid 
cum multo labore m., Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 
59. Join: struere et molin, Cic. Clu. 
64, init.: v. TO ATTEMPT. 

— abroaa: peregre exeo, abeo: 
v. ABROAD. (Peregrinor is to be living 
abroad.) 

— astray: 1. erro, 1: to show 
the road to one who goes a., erranti 
menstrare viam, Cic. For fig. sense, v. 
TO ERR. Simly, the comps., deerro, 
aberro, which are used both lit. and fig. : 
to go a. from the (right) road, itinere 
deerrare, Quint. 10, 3, 29; in itinere d., 
Cic. in Lact. 6, 24, init.: to go a. from 
the law of nature, a regula naturae 
aberrare, Cic. Acad. 2, 46, 140: Vv. TO 
WANDER. 9, labor, psus, 3 (in fig 
sense): v. TO ERR. 

— away: abeo, discédo: v. TO DE- 
PART, LEAVE. 

— back: rédeo, révertor; pedem 
référo: v. TO RETURN, FALL BACK. 

— before: 1, antéeo, 4, wr. 
(with dat. or acc.; or absol.): lictors 
go b. the praetors, lictores praetoribus 
anteibant, Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93: before 
thee ever goes stern necessity, te semper 
a. saeva necessitas, Hor. Od. 1, 35, 17: 
for absol. use, cf. Cic. Lc. 2. praeeo, 
4, trr. (with dat., or absol.): the lictors 
should go b. the consuls, consulibus lic- 
tores praeirent, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, jim.: 
absol., Varr. 5, 12 § 89, praetor qui 
praeiret jure et exercitu. 3. aLié- 
grédior, praegrédior, ssus, 3 (mostly in 
tig. sense): Vv. TO PKECEDE. 4. anté- 
cédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (to go on ahead, in 
advance of: foil. by acc. oF absol.} : 
Pompey had gone b. the legions, Pom- 
peius antecesserat legiones, Cic. Att. 8, 
9, extr.: for absol. use, cf. Caes. B. C. 
I, 79: ; : 

— behind: siibeo, 4, irr. (rare in 
this sense): the moon hartng gone b. 
the sun’s disc, quum luna sub orbem 
solis subisset, Liv. 37, 4- c 

— beyond: 1, égrédior, ssus, 3 
(with acc,: not so in Cic.)- to go b. 

343 


GO BY 





the boundares, fines e., Caes. B. G. 1, 
44, med.: Sall.: Liv. Fig.: a family 
which had never gone b. the rank of 
vraetor, familia nunquam praeturam 
egressa, Tac. Ann. 3, 30. 9. excédo, 
3: V. TO EXCEED, 

go by: |. Lit.: praetéreo, prae- 
tergrédior: v. TO PASS BY. I]. Fig.: 
to adhere to: sto, stéti, statum, 1: v. TO 
ABIDE BY. 

— down: descendo, dégrédior: v. 
TO DESCEND. See also TO SINK. 

— for: arcesso, péto, 3: v. 10 


— forth: 1, exeo, 4, wr.: Cic.: 
.: V. TO DEPART. 2. prodeo, 4, 
trr.: to go f. to battle, ad proelium p., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 86: to go f. to meet uny 
one, alicui vbviam p., Cic. Mur. 33, init. 
(Exire is simply to quit a place ; prodire 
to come forth to view.) 8. égrédior, 
ssus, 3 (to come outside of a place, as 
opp. to remaining within) : Caes.: Cic.: 
v. TO ISSUE FORTH. 4, excédo, ssi, 
ssum, 3: to go f. from a temple, e. tem- 
plo ex., Liv. 29, 19: Cic.: v. T0 DEPART. 
5, évado, si, sum, 3 (to make one’s 
way out: rare in this sense): Sall. Jug. 
56, fin.: V. TO GET OUT, ESCAPE, 6. 
emigro, 1 (rare): Cic.: v. TO DEPART. 

— in or into: ingrédior, ineo: v. 
TO ENTER. 

— off: |. To pass off: abeo, 4, 
trr.: I was wondering whether this 
would go off so, mirabar hoc si sic abiret, 
Ter. Andr. I, 2, 4: Vv. TO ISSUE, TURN 
out. ||, Zo discharge itself, as a gun: 
emitto, 3 (pass. refl.) : v. TO DISCHARGE. 

— oon: J. Lit.: to go forward: 
pergo, 3: V. TO PROCEED. ||. To take 
place: 1, go, égi, actum, 3 (in pass.): 
what is going on here, hic quae agantur, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 5 (b), iit. : but ago in this 
form very oft.—=to be at issue, be en- 
dangered. 
things that are now going on or are 
to be, omnia quae fiunt, quaeque futura 
sunt, Cic. Div. 2,7, 19: my neighbours 
see all that goes on in my house, mihi 
arbitri vicini sunt quid domi f., Pl. 

Il]. Zo succeed, prosper : 1. ©0, 


9. fio, factus, Tiéri: all | 


| 





GOAL 
Cic. 2. lustro, 1: v. TO TRAVERSE, 
||. Zo carry through to the end: 
1, pertexo, ui, xtum, 3: only go 
through with what you have begun, per- 
texe modo quod exorsus es, Cic. de Or. 2, 
33, fin. Q. pertendo, di, sum and tum, 
3: I see I cannot go through with this 
as I began, video non licere ut coeperam 
hoc p., Ter. Heaut. 5, 5,9: to go through 
with any thing vigorously, aliquid p, 
naviter, Ter. Eun.1,1,6. 8, décurro, 
curri and ciicurri, 3 (a circus metaphor) : 
to go through one’s tasks, opera d., Lact. 
1, 1, med.: cf. Cic. Quint. 31, jin., acta 
aetate decursaque: Prop. See also To 
CARRY OUT, FINISH, 

go to: J. Lit: 1. fideo, 4, 
irr.: is there any place to which I can 
go, an quoquam me a. licet? Sall.: Cic. : 
v.tTo visit. 2 péto, ivi and ii, itum, 
3 (to direct one’s course towards: with 
acc.): Cic.: V. TO MAKE FoR. Simly, 
the comp. appéto (less freq.); Cie. 3, 
accedo, 3: V. TO APPROACH: proficiscor, 
3: Vv. TO SET OUT. Il. Yo have re- 
course to, enter upon: Phr.: to goto 
law with any one, litem intendere ali- 
cui, lege agere cum aliquo (v. LAW, 
ACTION): to go to war with any one, 
bellum alicni inferre, Cic. (v. WAR): to 
go to too great lengths in expenditure, 
extra modum sumptu prodire, Cic. Off. 
1, 39, 140. 

— to and fro: commes, 1: to go 
to and fro between Veit and Rome (of 
messengers), inter Veios Romamque c., 
Liv. 5, 47, extr.: more fully, ultro 
citroque c., Caes. B. G. 5, 36, extr. 

— towards: péto, 3: séquor, 3: v. 
TO MAKE FOR. 

— under: 1, siibeo, 4, irr. (with 
acc.): to go u. @ roof, tectum s., Caes. 
B. G. 1, 36, extr.: to go u. the yoke, 
jugum s., Plin. 10, 45, 62. 9. suc- 
cedo, ssi, ssum, 3 (with dat.: poet.): to 
go u. a roof, tecto s., Ov. Met. 2. 766: 
Virg.: in Cic. (7) Dom. 44, fin., we should 
prob. read, tectum quo succederet. 

— up, or up to: 1, subeo, 4, 


Oto 


| prep. ad, in, to go up to, approach : cf. 


4,ir.: the matter begins to go on betier | 


than I had expected, incipit res melius 
ire quam putaram, Cic. Att. 14, 15. 
succédo, ssi, ssum, 3: 
going on famously, lepide hoc s. sub 
manus negotium, Pl.: Ter.: v.10 suc- 
CEED. Phr.: how are matters going 
on (with you), quid agitur? Ter.: Hor. 

—out: |. Lit.: exeo, égrédior: 
vy. TO GO FORTH. Il. Fig.: of a fire 
or light: exstinguo, restinguo, xi, ctum, 
3 (in pass.): v. TO EXTINGUISH. 


— over: |. Lit.: transeo, trans- 
grédior: v. TO CROSS OVER. || ee 
change sides: 1, descisco, ivi, itum, 


3 (implying a breach of fealty): Prae- 
neste went o. from the Latins to the 
Romans P. ab Latinis ad Romanos de- 
scivit, Liv.: Cic. Simly, déficio, 3: v. 
TO REVOLT. 2. transeo, 4, irr. (to 
change sides, whether rightly or wrong- 
ly): to go o. to the enemy, ad adversa- 
rios tr., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, 40: Caes.: 
absol., to go 0. without being attacked, 
illacessitum tr., Tac. Agr. 20, extr. 
Fig.: of change of opinion : in senten- 
tiam alicujus tr., Liv. 34, 34, init. 3: 
transgrédior, gressus, 3 (= preced.): 
Igo o. to you, transgredior ad vos, Tac. 
H. 4, 66: also foll. by in partes, ‘T'ac. 
Agr. 7. ll. Fig.: to traverse a sub- 
ject: percurro, 3 (in haste, cursorily) : 
v. TO RUN THROUGH. 
— round: Zo make the circuit of : 
1, circumeo or circueo, 4, ir. 
(with acc.): to go r. (and visit) one’s 
estates, praedia c., Cic. Caec. 32, 94. 
Esp. to go r. soliciting votes: cf. Cic. 
Att. 14, 21, circumire veteranos, ut acta 
Caesaris sancirent. Also fig., to go round 
about in speaking, Vac. H. 3, 37. Quint. 
9, ambio, 4: v. TOCANVASS. Sh 
Sbeo, 4, irr.: Vv. TO VISIT. 4, To re- 
volve: vertor, 3. v. TO TURN ROUND. 
— through: |. Lit: 1, dbeo, 
4, irr . to go through many countries 
on foot, multas regiones pedibus ob., 
344 


2. | 


this matter is | 





subire collem, Hirt. B. G. 8, 153; ad 
portam castrorum s., Liv. 34, 16, med. 
2. succédo, 3: v. TO ASCEND. 

—, to let: 1, dimitto, misi, 
ssum, 3} (to allow to escape: esp. of per- 
sons): to let any one go free, aliquem 
incolumem d., Caes. B. C.1, 18: to let an 
enemy go out of one’s hands, hostes ex 
manibus d., ib. 1, 64: to let go the 
standards in fear, signa ex metu d., ib. 
3, 69, extr. 2. Smitto, 3 (to drop 


Jrom one’s hands; esp. suddenly or 


through fear): let go the woman, omitte 
mulierem! Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 18: to let go 
the reins, habenas 0., Tac. H. 1, 86. 3, 
rémitto, 3 (usu, to let go back): to let 
go the reins, frena r., Ov. Met. 2, 191. 
See also TO DROP. 
goad (suwds.): stimilus: to poke a 
bullock with a g. juvencum stimulo 
lacessere, Col. 2, 2, fim. ; poet. increpare, 
Tib. 1, 1, 30: to kick against the g. 
adversum s. calcare, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 28. 
goad (v.): |, Lit: 1, expr. by 
stimulus and a verb: v. preced. art. 
2. instigo, 1: ef. Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 
g: and Plin. Ep. 3, 7, fim. (which pas- 
sages, though fig., imply the lit. use of 
the word). Il. Fig.: to incite vio- 
lently: 1, stimiilo, 1: resentment for 
wrong g.d them on against Tarquin, 
injuriae dolor in Tarquinium eos stimu- 
lavit, Liv. 1, 40° Vv. TO STING. 9. in- 
stigo, 1: if this fellow is not mad enough 
of himself, g. him on, si hic non insanit 
satis sua sponte, instiga, Ter. Andr- l. c.: 
madness g.s their minds, mentes i. furor, 


Sen. 8. incito, £: Vv. TO INCITE, URGE 
on. 4, exaspéro, I: V. TO EXASPE- 
RATE. Phr.: to g. a@ man on, alicui 


stimulos admovere, Cic. Sext. §, 12. 
goal: 1, méta (the turning post 
in a Roman circus: v. Dict. Ant.s. v.): 
to go close to the g. with the near wheel, 
stringere m. interiore rota, Ov.: ef. Hor. 
Od. 1, 1, init.; to reach the g.,m. con- 
tingere, Hor. Fig.. the g. of death, m. 


with direct acc. =to ascend; with | 








GOD 





mortis, Virg.: Ov. 2. calx, cis, f2 
(a chalk line marking tne limits of the 
race): Esp. in fig. sense: to reach the 
g., ad c. pervenire, Cic. Am. 24, 101 ; 
decurrere, id. Tusc. 1, 8,15: now I am 
in sight of the g., nunc video c., Cic. 
Tusc. Lc, 3, créta (=calx): to finish 
the lawful course and reach the g. 
peracto legitimo cursu ad c. stare, Plin. 


8, 42, 65. 
goat: 1. caper, pri, m. (he-goat): 
Virg.: Col. Fem., capra, a she-g.: Cic.: 


the fem. form sometimes includes both 
sexes : the g.s we breed sprang jrom wild 
g-8, caprae quas alimus a capris feris 
sunt ortae, Varr, 2, 3, post init. Dimin., 
capella (often =capra). the he and the 
She-g., caper, capella, Col. 7, 6, init 
2, hircus (a he-goat): Varr.: Virg. 
Fig.: to denote a lustful man, Pl.- 
Cat. Dimin., hirciilus, Cat, Adj., hir- 
cinus, belonging to a he-g., Hor.: Plin. 
8. (collectively) caprinum (capri- 
genum, Virg. Aen. 3, 221} pecus: Col, 
4, 6, init.: simly, to form a flock of g.s, 
caprinum gregem instituere, Var. 2, 3, 
init. A goat-stall, caprile, Varr.: Col.: 
an owner of g.8, caprarius, Varr. 2, 3, 
ad fin. 
goat-footed: capripes, pédis: Hor.: 
Prop. 


goat-herd: 1, caprarius, Col. 3, 
Io, ad fin.: Varr. 2, magister (pe- 
coris caprini), Col. 7, 6, jin. 3, pastor 
{caprarum ]: Vv. SHEPHERD. 

goatish; i.e. rank. lustful: libidi- 
ndsus: V. LUSTFUL. (Hircosus is smell- 
ing like a he-goat: Pl.. Mart.) 

goats-beard: (a plant) tragdpogon, 
Onis, f.* Plin. 

oatskin:; pellis hircina [caprina]: 
face S. I, 4, 19 
goatsucker: caprimulgus: Plin. 
goats-thyme: tragoriganum: Plin. 
goats-thorn: tragacantha: Plin. 
goat-wort: tragion: Plin. 
go-between _(subs.): 1, inter- 
nuntius, f.-a: Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56: PL 
Mil. 4, 1, 39. Join: internuntius et 
minister [totius rei], Liv. 33, 38, med. 
(But the word is less collog. than the 
Eng. : cf. Cic. Phil. 13, 5, 12, where it 
is used of the augurs.). 2. interpres, 
étis, c. (also less collog. than the Eng.) : 
Pl. Mil. 4,1, 6 (cf. ib. 10, hoe negotii 
clandestino ut agerem): a g. for cor- 
rupting a court, int judicii corrumpendi, 
Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 32; extr- 38. con- 
ciliator, f. -trix (one who brings people 
together : sometimes in bad sense): the 
maid who acted as g., ancilla c. quae 
fuit, Pl. Mil. 5, 17: comp. conciliator 
nuptiarum, Nep. Att. 12. 4, séques 
ter, tris (for bribery): Cic. Verr, Act. 
I, 12, evtr.: cf. Cic. Cael. 13, init., adul- 
ter, impudicus sequester: from which 
it would seem that the word was also 
used in another bad sense: Apul. has a 
Jem. sequestra (stupri), Met. 9, p. 187. 
gobble (v.): i.e. to swallow greedily : 
obsorbeo, psi, 2: to gobble up cakes entire, 
totas ob. placentas, Hor. S. 2, 8, 24. 
goblet: pociilum, scyphus: v. cup. 

goblin: larva (cf. Aug. Civ. D, 9, 11, 
where the spirits of bad men are spoken 
of as larvae or lemures) atth, this 
woman is possessed of g.s, haec quidem 
edepol larvarum plena est, Pl. Am. 2, 2, 
155: V. GHOsT. in pl. lémires may be 
used (v. supr.): Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 209. 

god: 1, deus: the immortal g.s, 
dii or di immortales, Cic.: the g.s for- 
bid, dii (di) meliora! Cic.: so may the 
g.s help me, ita me di ament! Ter.: by 
the g.s, per deos, Cic.: mot without the 
help of the g.s, non sine dis, Hor. (N.B. 
—Deus must not be made to govern a 
gen. case of that over which the deity 
presides: v. infr. phr.). 2. divus 
(chiefly poet. in this sense, except in 
pl.): whether it were g. or goddess, si d., 
si diva esset, Vet. carm. in Liv. 7, 26, 
med.: cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 8: the gs often 
declare their presence, praesentiam sae} 
suam d. declarant, Cic. N.D. 2, 2, 6. . 
numen: Vv. DEITY, DIVINITY. 4, (in 
pl.): coelestes, ium (the gods of heaven): 
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 25: Phil. 4, 4, to: Liv. 





GOD-CHILD 


Siinly. coelites, um (poet.): Hor.; coe- 
Nedlae, arum (um): Virg.: Ov. 5. 
sipéri, orum (opp. to inferi: poet. = 
preced.): favourite of the gods above 
and below, superis deorum gratus et 
tmis, Hor. Od. 1, 10, extr.: the g.s re- 
gard mortal things, gi ee Ss. mor- 
talia, Ov. Met. 13, 70. he correl. term 
inferi, is used chiefly of the region of 
the g.s below: v. INFERNAL (regions). 
6. ‘household g.s): pénites, Lares : 

Vv. HOUSEHOLD. Phr.: the g.of gain, of 
poets, of battles, etc., *(deus) qui lucro, 
poetis, pugnis praeest (not deus lucri, 
etc.). 

god-child: *infans cui quis in bap- 
tismo sponsor exstitit. 

goddess: 1, dea, dat. pl. deabus : 
Cic.: Virg.: Hor. 2, diva (chiefly 
poet. or in formulae): g. who rulest thy 
favourite Antium (Fortune), d. gratum 
uae regis Antium, Hor. Od. 1, 35, 1: 

iv ; comp. GOD (2). 

godfather: *sponsor. ; 

godhead: déitas: three persons in 
one g., in tribus personis @. una, Prud, 
Apoth. 79 (ed. Dressel): Aug. (But éx- 
cept in strictly theol. lang., natura Dei 
or some circuml. should be preferred.) 
See also prvrnity; and cf. Corp. Conf. 
(Anglic.). 

godless: atheus or itheds, i: Ar- 
nob. 3, 28: Cic. (who uses the word 
as applied to Diagoras, N. D. 1, 23, 63, 
but more prob. as Gk.). See also m- 
PIOUS. 

godlike: 1. divinus: nothing in 
man more g. than reason, ratione nibil 
in homine divinius, Cic.: v. prvineE. 2, 
dus (poet.): Virg. Aen. 11, 657: Lucr. 

godliness: piétas (erga Deum). v. 
PIETY. 

godly: pius, sanctus: v. PIOUS. 
: godmother: *quae spondet infantis 
oco. 








godsend: i.e. a sudden and wner- | 

ted boon (Gr. Eppacov): no exact 
word. Phr.: the army of Fabius, like 
avery g., showed itself to succour them, 
Fabiana se acies repente, velut coelo de- 
missa ad auxilium ostendit, Liv. 22, 29: 
your money was a perfect g. to me, 
*pecunia ista quasi divinitus mihi ob- | 
lata (esse) videbatur. Sometimes lu- 
crum may serve: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 9, 15, 
appone lucro. 

godson: *puer cui quis sponsorem 
se praebuit. 

godwit: @ plant: aegicéphilus, i, 
m. (?): Plin. 

goggle: chiefly in epith., goggle- 
eyed, oculos eminentes habens, Ulp. 
Dig. 21, 1, 12. 

going (subs.): 1, itio (rare): fre- 
quent g.s, crebrae i., Ter. Ph. 5,2, 23: 
Cic. 9, itus, tis, m.: owr g., return- 
ing, noster i., reditus, Cic. Att. 15, 5: 
Suet. (More frequently expr. by verb: 


v. TO GO.) 
about: circiiitio: v. Gorne 





ROUND. 





across; transitus, transitio: 
V. PASSAGE, 
—-~ away: dbitus, abitio: v. pDE- 


PARTURE. 
back: réditio, réditus: v., 





RETURN, 





before: antécessio, Cic. 

—- forth or out: 1. exitus: 
¥. EGRESS, DEPARTURE. 2. exitio 
(rare): Pl. 





in: ingressus, ingressio: v. 
ENTRANCE. 

——— to or towards: accessio, ac- 
cessus: V. APPROACH. 
round: 1. circititio (cir- 
cumitio): the duty of g. round (* the 
rounds”) belonged to the aediles of the 
plebs, c. aedilium plebei erat, Liv. 3, 6, 








jin. Fig.: what need is there of g. 
round about the matter (in speech), quid 
opus est c. jet anfractu), Cic. Div 2, 61, 
fin. 2, lustratio (the act of traver- 
sing): Cic. Ph. 2, 23, 57, where it is | 
joined with peragratio (itinerum). 

goitre: Phr. to have the g., gut- 
tnrosum esse: v. foll. art. (Broncho- 
eéleé M LD 


GOOD 





goitrous, goitred: guttirosus- 
Ulp. Dig. 21, 1, 12. 

gold: aurum: Cic.; Virg.: virgin 
g., a. vivum s. apyron, Plin. 35, 15, 50. 
Prov.: to promise mountains of g., 
montes auri polliceri, ler. Ph. 1, 2, 18: 
hence (a). of vessels of g.: to take a 
hearty draught from a vessel of g., pleno 
se proluere a., Virg. Aen. 1, 739: (0). 
of money in general: see, I beseech, that 
there is no deficiency in the g., vide 
quaeso ne qua lacuna sit in a., Cic. Att. 
12, 6, init.: (c). of the hue of g.: a 
snake distinguished for a crest of g., 
anguis cristis praesignis et auro, Ov. 
Met. 3, 32. 

gold, of gold (adj.): v. GOLDEN, 

gold, ornamented with: 1, 
auratus: garments adorned with g., a. 
vestes, Ov.: Lucr.: Cic.: v. GILDED. 

2, auréns (strictly, made of gold) : 

Virg. 
gold-beater: bractéator, bractéa- 
rius: Firmic. 

gold-bringing or producing: au- 
rifer, éra, érum: Plin. 

gold-dust: ballux, ticis, f., Plin. 33, 
4, 21 (quod minutum est ballucem vo- 
cant). 

golden, of gold: auréus: ag. bowl, 
a. patera, Pl.: g. images, a. simulacra, 
Lucr. Fig.: (a). of golden hue: the g. 
light of the sun, a. lumina solis, Lucr. : 
the g. moon, a. luna, Ov.: (b). precious 
as gold: g. words, a. dicta, Lucr. 3, 12: 
the g. mean, a. mediocritas, Hor. Od. 1, 
Io, 5: the g. age, a. aetas, Ov. Met. 
I, 8g. 

gold-finch: carduélis, is, f.: Plin. 
(fringilla carduelis, Linn.). 

gold-finder: aurilégiiius: Cod. 
Theod. 


gold-fish: perh. hippiirus: Plin. 8, 
16, 24 (coryphaena hippurus, Linn.). 

gold-leaf : 1, bractea (auri) : 
Lucr. 4, 729. Dimin., bractedla, thin 
leaf, Juv. 13, 152: to beat g.-leaf, brac- 
teolam ducere, Juv lL. c. 9. lamina 
(syne. lamna) auri: cf. Plin. 33, 9, 45- 
Covered with g.-leaf, bracteatus: v. 
PLATED. 

gold-mine : 
33, 4, 21, fin. 
Tac. Ann. 6, 19. 

gold-refiner: auricoctor: Inscr. in 
Murat. (F.). 

gold-smith: 1, aurifex, icis, m. ; 
Pl.: Cic. 2. aurarius, Inser. in Grut. 
(F.). A g.-smith’s workshop, aurificina, 
Gloss. (F.). ; 

gold-thread or wire: 
filum. 

gondola; *navicula praelonga quae 
gondola dicitur. 

gondolier : nauta: v. BOATMAN, 

gong: *instrumentum horrendi soni- 
tus quae gonga dicitur. 

gonorrhoea : gonorrhoea : Firmic. 

good (adj.): —‘|, In ord. sense: i 
bénus (in most senses): (a). of any- 
thing good in its kind: a g. house, aedes 
b., PL; a g. pen, b. calamus, Cic.: a g. 
voice, b. vox, Quint.: (b). answering 
a certain end: foll. by ad and ace. or 
dat.: what (the soil) is g. for, ad quam 
rem bona sit, Varr. R. R. 1, 9, tit.: 
mountain territory g. for rearing cattle, 
mons pecori b. aiendo, Liv. 29, 31: 
Virg.: (c). auspicious, prosperous: g. 
words (of g. omen), b. verba, Tib. 2, 2, 
1: g. fortune, bonae res, Cic. Att. 12, 
21, 5: g. health, b. valetudo, Cic. Off. 2, 
25, 88: (d). of honourable rank: a 
woman of g. family, mulier b. genere 
nata, Pl.; bonis prognata, Ter.: v. HO- 
NOURABLE: (e). considerable (q. V.): @ 
g. part of mankind, b. pars hominum, 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61: Cic.: (f). in moral 
sense: g. men hate to sin from love of 
virtue, boni oderunt peccare virtutis 
amore, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52: ef. Cic. Tusc. 
5, 10, 28 (but in Cic. boni viri oft. means 
simply respectable men, or those belong- 
ing to the optimates: cf. Cic. Att. 8, 1, 
bonorum, id est, lautorum et locuple- 
tium)- (g). genuine: g money, b, 
numi (opp. to adulterini), Cic. Off. 3. 23, 
Or. 2. probus. (@). desrable: good 


1, aurifédina: Plin. 
2, auraria (sc. fodina) : 


*aureum 





GoopD 





in its kind: g. timber, a g. carpenter, 
p. materies, p. faber, PL Poen. 4, 2, 93° 
a g. ship, p. navigium, Cic. Acad, 2, 3z, 
100: more freq., (6). in moral sense 
V. HONEST, UPRIGHT. Join. probus, 
bene moratus, bonus vir, Cic. de Or. 2, 43 
extr.: (c). genuine: the money was not 
g., p- argentum non esse, Liv. 32, 2, init, 
{]. In medicine : efficacious L 
salitaris, e: the decoction is g. fer 
tooth-ache, dentium dolori decoctum eo- 
rum s. est, Plin. 23, 9, 42: Vv. WHOLE- 
SOME. 2. efficax: (a herb) g. for 
runnings at the eyes, oculorum fluxioni- 
bns ef., Plin. 27, 9, 50: also foll. by 
adversus, contra, with acc.; in and abl, 


Plin. 8. singilaris, e (same constr, 
as preced.): Plin.- v. spgecrric. Esp. 
with to be: (1). facio, 3 (with ad or 


dat.): to be g. for dysury, f. ad difficul- 
tatem urinae, Plin. 22, 18, 21. to be 
exceedingly g. Jor colic, coeliacis prae- 
clare f., ib. 19, 22. (2, proésum, irr, 
(with dat. or prep.): to be g. for the 
voice, voci p., Plin.: to be g. for erysi- 
pelas, contra ignem sacrum p., Plin, 20, 
ies. Ill. Considerable ; esp. in pbr., 
a g. many, aliquam multi (rare), Cic. 
Verr. 4, 25, 56: Gell.: aliquot, plerique, 
complures (Vv. SOME, SEVERAL): @ g 
deal, aliquantum (with gen.), as aliquan- 
tum agri, Cic.; also used adverb., as the 
speech affected the ambassadors a g. 
deal, movit aliquantum oratio legatos, 
Liv. 39, 29, init.: before a compar., 
usu. aliquanto, a g. deal better, aliquanto 
melius, Cic. de Or. 2. 24, 103: Liv. (but 
aliquantum avidior, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 53 
aliquantum amplior, Liv. 1, 7): @ g 
many times, aliquoties: Cic.: Liv.: a 
g. while, aliquam diu (or as one word), 
Cic. Acad. 1, 3, 12: Nep, Con. 5. also 
aliquantisper, Just. 42, 4, 8 (but this 
word usu. denotes @ shorter period of 
time): fora g. way (distance), aliqua- 
tenus, Mela (who also uses aliquam diu 
of space, 2, 5, med.). Miscell Phr.: 
g. Jor nothing (v. foll. art.): g. day to 
you, young man! and a very g. day to 
you, young woman, salve tu adolescens! 
et tu multum salveto adolescentula! Pl. 
Rud. 2, 4, 3: Ter.: g. bye, vale, ave! (¥. 
FAREWELL): be so y., amabo (parenthe- 
tically), ler. Eun. 1, 2, 70; also amabo 
te, Cic. Att. 2, 2, cura, amabo te, Cicero- 
nem nostrum: you are a g. fellow, 
Syrus, deamo te, Syre! ‘Ter Heaut. 4, 
6, 21: to enjoy very g. health, perpros- 
pera valetudine uti, Suet. Cl. 31: tt és 
ag. plan to profit by the experience of 
others, scitum est periculum ex aliis 
facere, tibi quod ex usu fiat, ler. Heaut. 
I, 2, 36: I have been as g. as my word, 
dictum ac factnm reddidi, ib. 4,5, 12. — 

good-for-nothing: néquam : Sishis 
g. for nothing unless fresh, piscis n. est, 


nisi recens, Pl. As. 1, 3, 26. Esp. in 
moral sense: Join: malus nequam- 
que, Pl. As. 2, 2,39: Cic. Phr.: to be 


a g. for nothing Jellow, nihil hominis 
esse, Cic Tusc. 3, 32, 77: in sim. sense, 
(homo) nihili, Varr. ro, 5 § 81: tobe g. 
for nothing, nulli rei esse, Gell. 13, 30 
‘med.: he has g. for nothing friends, 
amicos habet meras nugas, Cic, Att 
6, 3, med. 
good (subs.): |, Advantage j 
commidum,. Cic.: v. ADVANTAGE (2), 
9. binum: the public g., b. publi- 
cum, Sall. Cat. 38: for whose g. was it ? 
cui bono fuit? Cass. Pedianus in Cic. R. 
Am. 30, 84: to turn loss to g., detrimen- 
tum in bonum vertere, Caes, 3; 
salus, iitis, f.: v. WELFARE. 4, iti- 
Itas (expediency, interest): though there 
be no (tangible) g. derived From friend- 
ship, etiam si nulla sit u.ex amicitia, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 69. 5, res, rei, f. (in 
certain phr.): what is for your g, (in- 
terest), quae in rem tuam sint, Ter. Ph. 
2, 4, 9: to be of no g., (good for no- 
thing), nulli rei esse, Gell. 13, 30, med. 
6. for the g. of may be expr. by 
dat. alone: to give up one’s resentment 
for the g. of the State, [studium et) ira- 
cundiam suam reipublicae dimittere, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 8: he is both a father 


ana a husband for his country’s Je 


345 


GOOD, TO DO 


GORMANDIZE 


GOUTY 





urbi pater est, urbique maritus, Lucan : 
ef. L.G. § 288. Phr.: to consult any 
one's g.,alicui consulere, Cic. (v. TO CON- 
SULT, ILL.). I]. In phil. sense, as 
opp. to an evil: bonum: there are 
three kinds of g.s, tria bonorum genera 
sunt, Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85: the chief g., 
summum b., Cic. Fin. 5, 6, init. Hil. 
In pl. only := effects, property : bona, 
orum: to sell any one’s g.s, alicujus b. 
vendere, Liv. 4, 15, evtr.: Vv. PROPERTY. 
Phr.: I carry all my g.s about with 
me, omnia mea mecum porto, Cic.: 
stolen g.s, furta, Cic. Verr. 2, 70, 1713 
res furtivae, Quint. 5, 13. 49: a bad 
piece of g.s (colloq.), mala merx, Pl. 
Cist. 4, 2, 61. 
good, to do: prosum, 777. (with dat.) : 
to do g. to the greatest possible number, 
pr. quam plurimis, Cic.: also absol., to 
do g. or to amuse, aut pr. aut delec- 
tare, Hor. A. P. 333. See also Goon, 
adj. (1I.). 
——tomake: 1, sarcio, si, tum, 
4 (lit. to patch): to make g. the losses of 
the soldiers, damna militum s., Liv. 9, 
23, med.: simly, detrimentum s., Caes. 
B. G. 6, 1: Cic. 2. résarcio, 4: Suet. 
Cl. 6 (in Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 3, the true read- 
ing is prob. sarciendis). 3, restituo, 
3: V. TO RESTORE, 
good (as interj.) : 1, béné: very 
g-! bene sane! Ter. Andr. 5, 2, 7: Cic. 
de Or. 3, 36, init. 2. praeclaré: v. 
Cic. lc. 8. eugé: Vv. WELL-DONE. 
4, sSphos (codes, a complimentary 
expr. used by persons listening to reci- 
tations): y./ we all exclaim, sophos! 
universi clamamus, Petr. 40, ini¢.: Mart. 
good-breeding : 1, bhumanitas 
(refinement, good feeling) : Cic. Phil. 2, 
4, init.: V. REFINEMENT. Q, cOmitas: 
Vv. COURTESY. 
good-fellowship : Jucinditas, co- 
Mitas: v. PLEASANTNESS, AMIABILITY. 
good-for-nothing: v. supr. (post 
GOOD, adj.). 
Good-Friday : *dies paschalis: v. 
EASTER. 
good-humour: comitas, ficilitas : 
Vv. COURTESY, GOOD-NATURE. 
good-humoured: festivus: Ter. Ad. 
5, 9, 29: see also GOOD-NATURED. 
good-humouredly: 1. festive: 
Gell. 10, 15, extr. 2. jucunde: vy. 
PLEASANTLY, COURTEOUSLY. 
good-looking (4j.): spécidsus: a 
g. woman, s. femina, Quint. 5, 10, 47: 
Petr. 41. 
goodly: pulcher, vénustus : v. HAND- 
SOME. 
good-nature: 1. facilitas: my 
excessive g.,mea f. multa, Ter. Heaut. 
4, I, 35: misguided g., f. prava, Ter. 
Ad. 2, 3, 37: to abuse any one’s g., ali- 
cujus f, abuti, Cic. Fam. :2, 1, fin. 
Join: facilitas et humanitas, Cic. Fam. 
13,24. 2. cOmitas: out of sheer g., 
per c., Pl. Trin. 2, 2, 56: v. courTEsy. 
(Comitas is a naturally free and kindly 
disposition; facilitas, an easy, yielding 
temper.) 3. suavitas Cic.: v. AMIA- 
BILITY. 4, humanitas (refined, kindly 
feeling). Join: singularis humanitas 
suavissimique mores, Cic. Att. 16, 16 
(A). 5, himanum ingénium: Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 86. 
good-natured: 1. facilis, e: the 
g. and generous father, f. et liberalis 
pater, Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73. Join: faci- 
lis et festivus, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 29; comis, 
benignus, facilis, suavis, Cic. Bal. 16, 36. 
2. cOmis, e€: Vv. OBLIGING, COURTE- 
ous. (For syn. v. preced. art.,2). 3, 
bénignus: v. KIND. 4, léni ingénio 
(abl. of quality): Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 99. 
goodnaturedly : bénigné, comiter : 
V. KINDLY, COURTEOUSLY. 
goodness: |. axcellence: il6 
bodnitas: g. of lands, b. agrorum, Cic.; 
of wine, vini, Pl.; of voice, vocis, Cic. 
In moral sense: honour, justice, g., fides, 
justitia, b.,Cic. 2, probitas: v INTEG- 
RITY. 3, virtus: v. EXCELLENCE (I.). 
|]. Kindness: bénignitas, bonitas: 
Vv. KINDNESS, 
good-temner: perh. léne, mite in- 
genium: vy. foll. art. 
346 











good-tempered : 1, mitis, e 
(mild; not easily ruffled): I never wit- 
nessed more g.-tempered conduct, nihil 
tam vidi m., (nihil tam placatum), Cic. 
Att. 5, 1, med.: a g.-tempered, quiet 
man, m. tranquillusque homo, Pl. Truc. 
4,2) 22) V. MILD: 2. lenis (gentle, 
easy): nothing could be more g.-tem- 
pered than my brother, nihil meo fratre 
lenius, Cic. lL. c. fin. 

good-temperedly : jucundé, suavi- 
ter: V. PLEASANTLY, AMIABLY, 

good-will: 1, bénévdlentia : 
(Caesar’s) g. towards the Aedui, b. in 
Aeduos, Caes. B. G. 4, 43: to gain 
(people’s) g., b. comparare, Cic. Off. 2, 
15, 54; conciliare, id. de Or. 2, 43, 182; 
adjungere, id. Mur. 20, init. (v. TO GAIN): 
to try to do so, b. consectari, Cic. Off. 2, 
15, 53. 9. gratia: v. FAVOUR. Ry 
aequanimitas (candid and kindly feel- 
ing): Ter. Ad. prol. jin. 4, stu- 
dium (a warm feeling of devotion to) : 
Join: studium et favor, Cic, R. Com. 
10, 29. 5, vénia (bona): v. LEAVE, 
INDULGENCE. Full of g., benevolus, 
benevolens (the latter in good authors 
only in comp. and sup.); stididsus: v. 
WELL-WISHING, DEVOTED. 

goods: v. Goon, subs. (I11.). 

goose: anser, Eris, m.: Cic.: Liv.: 
a flock of geese, grex anserum, Varr. 3, 
10, init.: male, female, geese, (anseres) 
mares, feminae, Col. 8, 13, fin.: if an 
adj. is to be attached to (anser) femina, 
the fem. must be used: comp. pariturae, 
Pall. 1, 30, med. Adj. ansérinus, of or 
belonging to geese: Col.: Plin. 

gooseberry : *ribes  grossularia 
(Linn.): the fruit, baca (gen. term): 
V. FRUIT. 

goosequill : 
GOOSE (fin.). 

gordian-knot: (Gordii) nexus, no- 
dus: cf. Curt. 3, 1, med. 

gore (subs.): 1, cruor, Oris, m. 
(strictly, blood actually shed): arms, 
corpses,and g., arma, cadavera, c., Sall. 
Cat. 51, med.: Virg.: Vv. BLOOD. 2. 
sanies, ei (esp. purulent g., as from an 
ulcer): everything was polluted with 
the g. and stench, pollui cuncta sanie, 
odore, Tac. Ann. 4, 49. To cover with 
g-, cruentare, Nep.: Ov. 

gore (v.): confodio, fodi, ssum, 3 
(with cornibus): Phaedr. 1, 21,7. See 
also TO PIERCE. 

gorge (subs.): |. The throat : 
fauces, ium, f.: v. THROAT. Phr,: 
“my g. rises at it” (Shaks.), [magna] 
movet stomacho fastidia, Hor. S. 2, 4, 
78. ||. A defile: angustiae, fauces: v. 
PASS, DEFILE. II]. In architecture ; 
the narrowest part of a capital, cyma- 
tion or -um: Vitr. 3, 5 (3), 7- 

gorge (v.): ingurgito, 1 (with pron. 
refl.): Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23. See also To 
FATTEN, STUFF. 

gorgeous: _ 1, spécidsus (malcing 
@ good appearance) : g. in house or equi- 
page, domo, paratu speciosus, Tac. Ann. 
3, 55 (but the word is less strong than 
the Eng., and is always an epith. of 
praise): cf. Hor. A. P. 144, speciosa 
miracula, of the brilliant marvels of the 
Odyssey. 2. magnificus: cf. Nep. 
Att. 13, elegans, non magnificus; splen- 
didus, non sumptuosus: Sall, Cat. g, in 
suppliciis deorum magnifici; domi 
parci: Vv. MAGNIFICENT. 3, lautus: 
Vv. SPLENDID. 

gorgeously; magnificé, lauté: v. 
MAGNIFICENTLY, SPLENDIDLY. 

gorgeousness: magnificentia, lauti- 
tia: V. MAGNIFICENCE. 

gorget: i.e. a piece of armour for 
the neck (not worn by the ancients): 
perh. *faucium integumentum ; collare 
(used of a dog’s collar). 

% gorgon : Gorgon or Gorgo, dnis, f. : 
ic. 


penna ansérina: v. 


gormandize: 1, héluor, 1 (hell-): 
Cic.: Vv. GLUTTON. 2. popinor, 1: 
Treb. xxx Tyr. 29. _8, farcio, si, tum, 
4 (with pron. refl.): Sen. Ep. 108, 15: 
v.TO STUFF. Other pbr. are, replere se 
cibo, satiari cibo (both less strong than 
the Eng.: v. TO SATISFY); cibo [epulis] 





se obruere, cf. Nep. Dion, 4; ventrem 
onerare, Sall. Or.; ingurgitare se cibo, 
Cic. : v. TO GORGE, FEAST, 

gormandizer: héluo, popino: vy. 
GLUTTON. 

gormandizing (subs.): heluatio : 
Cic.: v. GLUTTONY. 

gorse: *ulex Europaeus: Linn. 

gory: 1, cruentus: a g. sword, 
c. gladius, Quint.: a g. corpse, c. cada- 
ver, Cic. Fig.: g. Mars, c. Mars. Hor.: 
Vv. BLOOD-STAINED. 2. cruent2tus 
(strictly part. of cruento, that has just 
been stained with gore): a g. sword, c. 
gladius, Cic. Inv. 2, 4,14. To make g., 
cruentare, é. g., manus [sanguine], Nep. 
Epam. to, fin.: Ov. 

goshawk: v. HAWK. 

gosling: anserciilus, Col. 

gospel: évangélium: Vulg. To 
preach the G., evangelizo, 1: Aug. A 
preacher of the G., evangelizator, Tert. 

gossamer: perh. aranea: cf. Luer. 
4, 728: tenuissimum filum s. stamen: 
cf. Ov. Met. 4, 179. 

gossip (subs.): |. Idle talk: 1, 
Tumor (esp. in pl.) : a matter which had 
become public g., res volgi rumoribus 
exagitata, Sall. Cat. 29: Tac. Ann. 3, 9: 
the g.of strict old jogies, rumores se- 
num severiorum, Cat. 5,2. Dimin., ru- 
musculi, Cic. (who uses it contemptu- 
ously of petty notoriety: Leg. 3, 16, 35). 

2. sermo, Onis, m. (conversation of 
any kind: q. v.): the current g. of the 
town, pervagatus civitatis s., Cic. Mil. 
12, 33: tt has become the g. of all Asia, s. 
est tota Asia dissipatus, Cic. Fl. 6,14: to 
be matter of g., esse in sermone, Sen. Ep. 
gs, 26. (N.B. Not fabulatio or conta- 
bulatio which have no good authority.) 
See also TO GOSSIP. I]. A talkative 
person : 1. (homo) garriilus: shun 
the inquisitive man; for he is a g. too, 
percontatorem fugito; nam g. idem est, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 69: that g. of a woman, 
garrula illa, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 14. a 
(bomo) léquax: v. TALKATIVE. 3. 
famigeérator (rare): Pl. Trin. 1, 2, 178. 
4, garritor (rare): Amm. 22, 9, 

med, 5, locutuléius, blatéro, lingi- 
laca: Gell. 1, 15, fin. 

gossip (v.): 1, garrio, 4 (to talk 
idly): tog. about all sorts of things, vario 
sermone g., Petr. 55, init.: Cic.: v To 
PRATE, 2. expr. by sermo and a 
verb: sermones caedere (to chat), Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 1: to g. the day away, 
diem sermone terere, Pl. Trin. 3, 3, 
68: v. TO CONVERSE. 3. effitio, itum, 
4 (to blab out): to g. of anything out 
of doors, aliquid foris ef. Ter. Ph. 5, 
I, 19. 

gossiping (adj.): garriilus: v. Gos- 
sip (11.), 


Goth: Gdéthus: esp. in pl., Gothi, 
orum: Auson. 

Gothic: Godthicus: Trebell. The 
G. style of architecture, *architecturae 
Gothicum, quod dicitar, genus. 

gouge (v.): Phr.: to g. out a per- 
son’s eyes, oculos alicui eruere, Suet. 
Ner. 5. 

gourd: clicurbita: Plin. Dimin., 
cucurbitula (a smaller species): Scrib. 

gourmand: (homo) giulésus: 
GLUTTON. 

gourmet; i.e. an exquisite in eat- 
ing: Phr.: refined g.s, docta et eru- 
dita palata (meton.), Col. 8, 16, med. ; 
subtiliori gula homines, cf. Col. 1. c.: the 
stomachs of our g.s, ventres delica- 
torum, Sen. Q. N. 3, 18, 3. See also 
GASTRONOMY. 

gout: 1. artictilorum dolor; Cic. 
Att. 1, 5, fin. (where the pl, refers to 
the jits of pain): Cels. 4, 22. oe 
morbus articilaris: Plin. 20, 14, 73, 
jin. 3. arthritis, idis, f. (Gr. ap- 
Opirts): Vitr. 4, (g. in the feet) 
podagra: to be tortured with g. in the 
Jeet, doloribus podagrae cruciari, Cic.: 
the tedious g.. tarda p., Hor. S. 1, 9, 32: 
Cels.l.c. 5, (in the hands) chiragra: 
Cels. 1. c.: Hor.: Mart. Phr.: to be 
suffering from g. in the feet, pedibus 
laborare, Cic. Fam. 9, 23. 

gouty: 1, arthriticus (most gen. 


v. 


e 





GOVERN 





term): a g. cook, a. coquus, Vic. Fam. 
9, 23 (where gout in the feet is meant). 
2. poddagricus, chiragricus (having 
gout in the feet or in the hands): Ce!s. 
4, 24, init. (al. leg., in podagris chirag- 
risve: male). 
govern: 1, impéro. 1 (to exercise 
authority over: with dat.): to g. the 
whole of Numidia, oni Numidiae i., 
Sall.: to g. one’s children, liberis 1., 
Ter.: tc g. oneself is the greatest govern- 
ment, i. sibi maximum imperium est, 
Sen.: tog one’s passions, cupiditatibus 
i., Cic. 2. impérito, 1 (frequent. of 
foregoing; und denoting the contunued 
oxercise of power): because they con- 
sidered that they had been g.'d haughtily 
and exactingly, quod superbe avareque 
crederent imperitatum sibi esse, Liv. 21, 
1: Sall.: Tac. 8, régo, regno: v. TO 
RULE. 4, giiberno, 1 (properly, to 
steer : hence, to guide and control: with 
acce.): Sulla g.’d the whole world, S. 
orbem terrarum gubernavit, Cic. R. Am. 
45, 131. Join: gubernare et regere 
[civitates], Cic. Rep. 2,9. 5, mo- 
déror (mddéro), 1 (to set Limits to: with 
dat., and in the strict sense of to govern, 
the acc.): to g. one’s tongue, linguae 
moderari, Pl.: the deity who rules and 
g.s and moves that body, deus qui regit 
et moderatur et movet id corpus, Cic. 


Rep. 6, 24 (the act. form is rare): v. TO | 


CONTROL. 6, dominor, 1 (to have do- 
minion): Caes.: Cic.: v. TO DOMINATE. 
7, ctro, 1 (to attend to the adminis- 
tration of a province): to g. Achara, 
Achaiam c., Tac. Ann. §, Io. 8, tem- 
péro, 1: v. TO REGULATE. (N.B.—The 
pass. may be expr. by pareo, 2, to be 
subject to: with dat.: formerly they 
were g.d by kings, olim regibus pare- 
bant, Tac.: Just.: v. TO OBEY; BE SUB- 
JECT TO.) To govern, in gram. sense, is 
best expr. by jungi, construi; not regere. 
governance: VY. GOVERNMENT (I.). 
governess: |. 4 female teacher: 
migistra: V. MISTRESS, TEACHER. Il. 
A female attendant of children: pae- 
dagoga: Hier. 
government: |. The act or func- 
tion: 1. most freq. expr. by verb: 
experienced in the g. of a state, peritus 
civitatis regendae, gubernandae : in the 
founding ad g. of states, in constitu- 
endis temperandisque civitatibus, Cic. 
Acad. 2, t, 3: mode of g., modus im- 
perandi, Cic. : v. TO GOVERN. 2. gu- 
bernatio: e. g., civitatis, Cic. Rep. 1, 2. 
3. régimen, inis, . (chiefly poet. 
and late): to undertake the g., Tr. sus- 
cipere, Tac. Fig.: the counsel and g. 
of life, cousilium r.-que vitae, Lucr. 
4, administratio, cira: v. ADMIN- 
ISTRATION. 5, praefectira (as posi- 
tion of power): to promote any one to the 
g. of Egypt, aliquem ad p. Aegypti 
provehere, Suet. Ang. 66: cf. id. Ner. 47, 
where the ref. is again to Egypt. Il. 
The supreme power: 1, impérium : 
to obtain the g. of all Gaul, imperio 
totius Galliae potiri, Caes. B. G. 1, 2: 
the Gauls fell under the g. of the Roman 
people, Galli sub P. R. imperium cecide- 
runt, Cues.: v. POWER. Q. regnum: 
V. SOVEREIGNTY. 3. ditio, potestas: 
Vv. CONTROL, SWAY. Il. (Form of) 
government: Pbr.: these three forms 
of g., tria haec genera rerum publi- 
carum, Cic. Rep. 1, 28: that form of g.we 
call monarchy, ejus reipublicae statum 
regnum appellamus, ib. 26: that form 
of g. ts :alled an aristocracy, illa civitas 
arbitrio optimatium regi dicitur, ib. 26: 
a g. by democracy, quum omnia per 
populum geruntur, ib. 27. IV. The 
person? in whom the governing power 
resides : ii qui summam rerum adminis- 
trant, cf. Cic. R. Am. 32, gt ; quos penes 
est omnium summa rerum, cf. Cic. Rep. 
1, 26; quos penes omnis curatio atque 
administratio reipublicae est, cf.Cic. N. D. 
I, 1, 2; qui rempublicam tenent, cf. Cic. 
Fam. 4, 7, ad fin. Also the word im- 
perium is sometimes = qui imperant, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 31. V. A province to 
which a governor is attached: 1. 
provincia: v. PROVINCE. 2. praefec- 





GRACE 


(ira (strictly under a praefectus, also in 
gen. sense): Tac. Ann. 11, 10 (where it 
is used of Asiatic regions not under Ro- 
man rule): Egypt is divided into gs of 
(by) towns (= nomes), Aegyptus divi- 
ditur in praefecturas oppidorum, lin 
5,9,9: ¥. PREFECTURE. (Ibis perhaps 
is the most suitable term to denote a go- 
vernment in modern times.) 3. dioe- 
césis, is, f. (dtotnnors): in Cic. used of 
divisions of provinces, Fam. 3, 8, med., 
omnium illarum dioecesium quae cis 
Taurum sunt: the g. of Asia and Pontus, 
Asiana et Pontica d., Cod. Theod. (where 
it is used of a number of provinces 
under one governor: Forcell.). Vi. 
The oflice of a delegated governor: 
praefectiira: v. supr. (1.5). To raise to 
ag praeficere: Cic.: Tac.: v. GOVERNOR 
(jin.). ; 

governor: |. One exercising su- 
preme power : 1, giabernator: ruler 
and g. of a state, rector et g. civitatis, 
Cic. , Tector: V. RULER. I]. One 
exercising delegated authority: 1. 
proconsul, tilis (in Cic. separately, pro 
consule): i. e. the g. of a Roman pro- 
vince; under the emperors of a se- 
natorian province: ‘Vac.: Sall. fr.: v. 
PROCONSUL. 2, legatus (the g. of an 
imperial province): Tac. Ann. 12, 40 
(“at Caesar cognita morte legati ne pro- 
vincia sine rectove foret’’): Snes. 3. 
procirator (of a smaller province, a 
division of a province): Pontius Pilate 
the g., P. Pilatus p., Tac. Ann. 15, 44. 

4, praefectus (esp. the g. of Egypt) : 

pr. Aegypti, Suet. Vesp. 6 Ulp.: ap- 
plied to the Persian satraps, e. g., pr. 
Lydiae, Ioniae, totiusque Phrygiae, Nep. 
Dat. 2, fin. (The best word for @ mo- 
dern g. of acountry or province.) 5. 
satrapes, is; pl. satrapae (Persian title 
for viceroy): v. SATRAP. Phr.: to be 
g. of : (1) praesum, fui (with dag.): to 
be the g. of a province, provinciae pr., 
Sall.: Cic.: also absol., praeesse in pro- 
vincia, Cic. Verr. 3,77, 180. (2) obtineo, 
ui, tentum, 2 (to be in possession of a 
province: with acc. or absol.). to be g. 
of Hither Spain, cum imperioCiteriorem 
Hispaniam ob., Cic. Fam. 1,9, 4: while 
I was g., me obtinente, Cic, Att. 
5, 21, 4. (3) administro, 1: v. TO 
ADMINISTER. To make g.: (1) praeficio, 
feéci, fectum, 3 (with acc. and dat.): to 
make any one g. of a province, aliquem 
provinciae pr., Tac.: Cic. (2) praepono, 
posui, itum, 3 (same constr.): to make 
any one g. of a province, aliquem pro- 
vinciae pr., Cic.: Caes.: Vv. TO APPOINT 
(L.). 

governorship; praefecttra: v. Go- 
VERNMENT (V1.). 

go ‘ |, A woman's garment : 
stdla (worn by matrons, and reaching to 
the heels : cf. ad talos stola demissa, Hor. 
S. 1, 2, 99): Cic.: Ov. Also worn by 
minstrels, ete., ct. Varr. R. R. 3, £3, qui 
cum eo venisset cum stola et cithara. 
Dressed in a g., stolatus, Suet.: Vitr. 

Il. The robe of a Roman citizen : 

toga: the manly g., t. virilis, Cic. Ph. 2, 
18, 44: also called, t. pura, from its being 
without colour: v. Dict. Ant. s.v. Me- 
ton., for peace, which, as the civil dress, 
it symbolized: yield arms to the g., ce- 
dant arma togae, Cic. Ph. 2, 8, 20. 
Wearing the (civil) g., togatus, Cic. Sull. 
30, 85: the nation clad in the g., gens 
togata, Virg. I]. he dress worn by 
clergymen graduates, etc.: st0la; used 
by Apul. of a priest's robe, Met. 11, 
p. 256. 

Bowned : st6latus, tégatus: Vv. GOWN 
(1. IL). 

gownsman: V. STUDENT. 

grace {subs.): |. Favour, good- 
will: gratia: to get into any one’s good 
g-s, alicnjus gratiam conciliare, Cic. (v. 
FAVOUR): with a good or bad g, (i. e., 
with good or ill will), cam bona, mala, g., 
Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 17: Without an adj., to 
obtain anything with a good g., aliquid 
impetrare cum g., Ter. And. 2, §, 1: so, 
with a bad g., ingratiis, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 
48: or contr. ingratis: Vv. UNWILLINGLY. 


|], in special (theol.) sense ; Sree | 








GRACEFUL 





Javour of God: gratia: Vulg. pass.: 
Aug. {f. Zndulgence, mercy, pardon: 
i [a vénia g. the vemission of 
merited punishment, v. est poenae me- 
ritae remissio, Sen. Clem. 2, 7. init.: to 
obtain peace and g. from the conquerors, 
pacem v.que a victoribus impetrare, 
Liv. 37, 45 (Vv. PARDON): to give (one 
days g., dare v. (unius) diei, Liv. 26, 
17, ad fin. Q. (esp. of the gods): pax, 
pacis, f.: to beg grave and mercy Jrom 
Jove, ab Jove p. ac veniam petere, Cic, 
Rab. perd. 2, 5: Virg. To show g. to 
any ome, ignoscere (with dat.): v. To 
FORGIVE. IV. Thanks: esp. in pbr., 
to say g. before and after a meal: con- 
secrationem recitare; gratias agere 
Erasm, Conviv. Relig. V. Beauty ; 
charming fitness : 1. gratia: he 
(Horace) is full of pleasantness and g., 
plenus est jucunditatis et g., Quint. 10, 
1, 96: g. of form, g. formae, Ov. Met. 7, 
44; g.corporis,Suet. 2, décor, Oris, m. 
(chiefly poet, or late): g. (in an orator) 
arises from gesture and motion, d. a 
gestu atque a motu venit, Quint. 11, 3, 
67: Liv. : Ov. 3. vénustas (elegance, 
good taste, attractiveness: strictly tbe 
characteristic of a woman, as dignitas of 
a man, Cic. Off. 1, 36, 130: cf. ib. 1, 30, 
107): to speak with dignity and g., 
agere cum dignitate et v., Cic. de Or. 1, 
31, 142: g.s of phraseology, verborum 
venustates, Gell.17,20. 4, vénus, éris, 
Ff. (chiefly poet. or late): a play without 
any g. (or beauty), fabula nullius v., 
Hor. A. P. 320: Jsocrates aimed at all 
the g.s of style, 1. omnes dicendi vy. sec- 
tatus est, Quint. 10, 1, 79: they wanted 
one g. (he said), unam vy. deesse, Plin. 
35, 10, 36, $79 5. lépor or lépos, 
Oris, m. (esp. of manner and conversa- 
tion): an example of politeness, unt, 
amiabil.ty, g., specimen humanitatis, 
salis, suavitatis, leporis, Cic. usc. 5, 19. 
55: V. CHARM, PLEASANTRY. 6, éle- 
gantia: V.ELEGANCE. YJ, That which 
sets off or adorns: décus, Oris, n.: the 
g. of modesty, d. pudoris, Ov.: v. ORNA- 
MENT. Phr.: meretricious g.s, lénd- 
cinia: ef. Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146. Vil. 
As mythological name: 1, Gratiae 
(not used in sing.): the comely G.s, G. 
decentes, Hor.: Inscr. 9. Charis, 
itis, f, (xapes: Tare in sing.): the Gs 
are the daughters of Jove, Charites filiae 
Jovis sunt, Sen. Ben. 1, 4: Plin. Gen. 
pl., Chariton, Lucr.: dat, pl., Charisin 
(xaptovv), Prop. VIII. As title of 
nobility: your Grace: clémentia tua: 
form of address under the emperors: 
Spart. Geta, init. 
grace (v.): _ 1, décbro, 1 (to adorn): 
persuasion and beauty g. the monied 
man, bene numatum d. Suadela Venus- 
que, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 38: the common- 
wealth which he had g.d and increased, 
quam (remp.) decorarat atque auxerat, 
Cic.: v. TO ADORN. 2. honesto, 1 (to 
add honour or distinction to): the master 
should not be g.d by his house, but the 
house by its master, nec domo dominus 
sed domino domus honestanda est, Cic. 
Off. 1, 39. 139: rarely of material adorn- 
ment: a tuft of feathers g.ing its head, 
caput plumeo apice honestante, Plin. 10, 
2.2. 3. cdhdnesto, 1 (stronger than 
preced.: rare): to g.a victory (by a tri- 
umpb), victoriam c, Liv. 38, 47 Cic. 
4, distinguo, nxi, nctum, 3; orno, 
Adorno, It: v. TO ADORN. 
graced: 1, décdrus (with abl): 
Phoebus g. with shining bow, Phoebus 
fulgente arcu d., Hor. Cur. Saec. 61: g. 
uth eloquence in the Greek tongue, d. 
Graeca facundia, Tac. H. 2, 80: Ov. 
2, insignis (poet.): v. DISTIN- 
GUISHED (L.). 
graceful: j, d&cdrus (comely, be- 
coming): the g. limbs of youth, membra 
juventae d., Virg.: @ g. head, caput d., 
Ov. 9, vénustus (attractive, charm- 
ing): g.- carriage and movement of the 
body, v. gestus et motus corporis, Cic. 
Br. 55, 203: @ very g. figure, venustis- 
sima figura, Suet. Aug. 79: g. sentences, 
sententiae v., Cic. Br. 95, 325: V. LOVELY, 
BEAUTIFUL. 3, l&pidus (esp. of easy, 
347 


GRACEFULLY 





gece person or manners, etc.: not in 
ic.): a g. and lady-like form, forma i. 
et liberalis, Pl. Epid. 1, 1, 41: Ter.: v. 
PLEASANT. 4, élégans: v. ELEGANT. 
5, (in certain cases) mollis, e (opp. 
to stiff, rigidus, durus): the g. acanthus, 
m. acanthus, Virg.: g. stufwes, m. signa, 
Cic. Br. 18, 70: Quint. : v. SOFT, YIELDING. 
gracefully: j, décoré (for syn.: 
V. GRACEFUL): @ figure g. shaped, spe- 
cies d. formata, Cic,: Sail. , ve- 
nusté: Quint.: Plin. 8. éléganter: 
Vv. ELEGANTLY. 4, molliter (compare 
GRACEFUL, 5): others shall carve more 
g. the breathing bronze, excudent alii 
spirantia mollius aera, Virg. Aen. 6, 847. 
gracefulness: vénustas, décor: v. 
GRACE (LV.). 
graceless: imprébus, nequam: v. 
WICKED, GOOD-FOR-NOTHING. 
gracious: 1, prépitius: so may 
the gods be g. to me, ita deos mihi velim 
p., Cic. Div. Verr. 13, 41: Tac. On 
aequus (chiefly poet.): Venus g. to the 
Trojans, ae. Venus Teucris, Ov. Tr. 1, 
2, 6: v. FAVOURABLE. 3, bénignus: 
v. KIND. 4, miséricors: v. MERCIFUL. 
5, libéralis, e: @ g. answer, |. re- 
sponsum, Cic. Att. 3, 15, med.: Vv. LIBE- 
RAL, HANDSOME. 
graciously: 14, beénigné: v. KInpD- 
LY. 9, libéraliter: to answer g., 1. 
respondere, Caes. Join: benigne ac 
liberaliter, Cic. Verr. 3, 85, 196 (the 
former to denote the spirit, the latter 
the extent, of the grace shown). Very 
g-, perliberaliter, Cic.: v. LIBERALLY. 
3. himané: v. KINDLY. 
graciousness: 1. bénignitas: g. 
of disposition, b. animi, Tac.: v. KIND- 
NEss. Q, libéralitas: v. LIBERALITY, 
3. expr. by propitius, aequus, etc., 
with animus: v. GRACIOUS, FAVOUR- 
ABLE. With g., bénigné, humané, etc. : 
¥. GRACIOUSLY. 
gradation: 1. gradus, us, m.: 
gs of duties, g. officiorum, Cic.: all g.s 
of sounds, omnes sonorum g., Cic.: v. 
DEGREE. 2. gradatio (a term in rhe- 
toric): Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207: Vv. CLIMAX. 
Phr.: in g.s, gradatim: e. g., gradatim 
amicos habere, Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 2. 
grade: 
preced. art. See also RANK. 9. locus 
(esp. with ref. to oriyin): born in no 
mean g. of life, haud obscuro 1. natus, 
Sall. Cat. 23, init.: simly, Cic. has in- 
fimo 1. natus, Fl. 11, imié.: Liv. 3, 
status, is: Vv. POSITION, STANDING. 
gradient: clivus, proclivitas: v. 
SLOPE. Perh. for tech. sense, the best 
word is libramentum, used by Vitr., 
Plin., etc., of the incline of a water- 
course: v. FALL, swbs. (1I1.). 
gradual: usu. expr. by adv. or 
phr.: there is a g. ascent in the road, 
*via paulatim se erigit: improvement 
in health must be g., *nonnisi paulatim 
ac sensim (ex morbo) convalescunt ho- 
mines: v. GRADUALLY. 
gradually: 1, paulatim (paull-): 
the Germans are g. becoming accustomed 
to cross the Rhine, p. consuescunt Ger- 
mani Rhenum transire, Caes.: @ hill 
gently rising sloped g. back upon the 
plain, collis leniter fastigiatus p. ad 
planitiem redibat, Caes, B. G. 2, 8: Cic. 
Q. gradatim (by steps or degrees) : 
to rise g. (of the voice), g. ascendere, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 61, init. Join: pedetentim 
et gradatim, Cic. Fam. 9, 14, /in. 3. 
pédétentim (cautiously feeling the way 
for one’s feet, paulatim et ut dicitur 
pedetentim, Quint. 5, 7, 20): Cic.: v. 
CAUTIOUSLY. 4, sensim ( perceptibly 
though slowly): to advance g. and cau- 
tiously, s. et pedetentim progredi, Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 22, fin.: custom has g. come to 
that, consuetudo eo s. deducta est, Cic. 
Off. 2, 3, 9. 5, léniter, clementer (of 
things which slope or incline): v. 
GENTLY. 
graduate (subs.): *qui academico 
gradu insignitus, ornatus est; qui gra- 
dum suscepit, adeptus est: Stat. Aead. 
Cant. (Graduatus, Charter of 1405 in 
Du C.) 


graduate (v.): j. Trans.: to 
348 


], gradus, ts: Cic.: v.| 





GRAMMATICALLY 


GRANDMOTHER 





mark with degrees: *gradibus notare, 
distinguere. {l. Intr.: to take an 
academical degree: *gradum [in theo- 
logia, artibus, etc.] suscipere- Stat. 
Acad. Cant. 

graduation: expr. by gradus and a 
verb: V, TO GRADUATE, 

graft (subs.): 1. surcilus (a shoot 
or twig for grafting): the g. must be 
taken from the middle of the tree, s. ex 
arbore media debet assumi, Pall. 4, 4, 
med.: Varr. R. R. 1, 40, ad fin.: Col. : 
but surculus may be used for any kind 
of cutting, cf. Varr. 1. c.: Clic. Oh 
insitum: Col. 5, 11, med. (in pl.). 3 
insitio (prop. the act of grafting): Pall 
5.2. (Clava or clavola and talea denote 
different kinds of sets or layers.) 

graft (v.): J. Lit.: inséro, sévi, 
situm, 3: ée g.a good pear ona wild one, 
in pirum silvaticam ins. pirum bonam, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 40, ad fin.: tog. a tree (a 
stock), arborem ins., Col. 5, 11, ad init. : 
to g. wild-olive stocks, oleae silvestres 
ins. truncos, Virg.G. 2, 302. Phr.: me- 
thod of propagation by g.ing, genus 
seminis quod transit (transfertur) ex 
arbore in aliam, Varr. l. c. I]. Fig.: 
in this sense usu. ingraft: inséro, 3: 
cf. Hor. S. 1, 3, 35: v. TO IMPLANT. 

grafted (as adj.): 1, insiticius : 
used by Varr. of cross-breeds: R. R. 2, 
8. Q. insitivus: g. pears (produced 
by grafting), ins. pira, Hor. Epod. 2, rg. 

grafter: insitor: Prop.: Plin. (or 
pres. part. of insero: cf. L. G. § 638). 

grafting (subs.): imsitio: Col. (or 
expr. by verb: v. TO GRAFT). 

grain: |. A small particle: 1, 
granum (strictly a small seed): a g. of 
wheat, g. tritici, Pl.: a g. of pepper, g. 
piperis, Plin.: a g. of salt, g. salis, Plin. 

2. mica (a granular particle: not 

a seed): a g. of gold, m. auri, Lucr.: a 
g. of salt, m. salis, Plin.: the crackling 
g- (of salt), saliens m., Hor. Od. 3, 23, 
extr. Fig.: there is not one g. of salt 
(sense) in all that body, nulla in tam 
magno est corpore m., Cat. 86, 4. 3), 
partictla: v. PARTICLE. I]. Corn: 
frimentum : v. CORN, Il. “he course 
of veining or fibres: Phr.: to cut tim- 
ber across the g., *materiam transversis 
fibris caedere: wood very fine in the g., 
*lignum fibris tenuissimis: v. FIBRE, 
Fig.: against the g. (i. e. contrary to 
one’s nature): invita Minerva ut aiunt, 
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110: Hor. 

grain (v.): i.e. to mark timber with 
painted veining : *pingendo ligni, mar- 
moris, ete., speciem imitari. 

grained: *(lignum) ita pictum ut 
marmoris s. pretiosioris materiae spe- 
ciem praebeat. 

graminivorous: *graminivorus: 
only as scient. ¢, ¢. (= qui gramine s. 
herbis pascitur). 


grammar: The science of lan- 
guage: 1, grammitica, ae: Cic.: 
Suet.: Prisc. The Greek form gram- 


maticé, és, also occurs: Quint. >» 
ars grammatica: Prisc. prooem. By 
grammatica, orum (denoting rather the 
subject matter of g. than the science 
itself): Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 187. 4. 
litérattra : cf. Quint. 2, 1, 4, grammatice 
quam ia Latinum transferentes litera- 
turam vocaverunt: (not so in Cic.). A 
master of g., grammiaticus, grammatista 
(¥. GRAMMARIAN); also grammaticus 
professor, Suet. Gr. g, extr.: a g. school, 
grammatici ludus, Suet. Gr. 4, fin.: a 
treatise on g., grammaticae (adj.) insti- 
tutiones (title of Priscian’s work). 

grammarian: 1. grammiaticus : 
Cic.: Suet. Gr. 4 (where it is stated that 
literatus, literator, were sometimes used 
as equivalents). 2. grammiatista, ae, 
m., (acc, to some, an inferior g.): Suet. 
ie; 

grammatical: 1, grammiticus: 
the g. art, g. ars, Auct. Her.: Quint. 

2. grammaticalis, e (very rare, and 

not class.): Sidon. 

grammatically: 1. grammiticé: 
to speak g., g. loqui, Quint. 1, 6, 27. 
aes 2. grammaticaliter (v. rare): Tre- 








grampus: (?) orca: Plin. 9, 6, 5. 
(Delphinus orca, Linn.) 
granary: 1, horreum (gen. term: 
a storehouse ; esp. for produce): avaulted 
g., bh. camera contectum, Col. 1, 6, med.: 
an upper-story g., pensile h., Col. L. c.: 
Cic.: Virg. In wider sense, the com- 
missariat depot of an army, Liv. 21, 48, 
extr. 2. granaria, orum (for grain 
only: not found in sing.): the g.s should 
be approached by a flight of stairs, g. 
scalis adeantur, Col. l.c.: such g.s are 
called, g. sublimia, Varr. R. R. 1, 57, init. 
8, farraria, orum (like preced., but 
rare): Vitr. 
grand: |. aking a great dis- 
play: magnificus, lautus: v. SPLENDID, 
|]. Lofty, impressive : 1, grandis, 
e:ag. and brilliant style, genus dicendi 
g. et illustre, Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 337: to 
sing of g.er themes, grandiora canere, 
Virg E. 4, tmit.: Quint. 2. magni- 
ficus (rather rare in this sense): what 
in one place is g. in another is bombastic, 
quod alibi m., tumidum alibi, Quint. 
8, 3, 18. Join: excelsus atque mag 
nificus, Cic. Opt. gen. or. 4, 12. 
élatus, sublimis: Vv. SUBLIME. 7 
grandiloquus (also in bad sense, Cic 
Tusc. 5, 31, 89): Cic. Or. 5,20: Quint 
5, magniléquus (like preced) 
Stat. Sil 5, 3, 62. 
grandchild: népos, neptis: v. 
GRANDSON, GRAND-DAUGHTER. In pbl., 
liberi, orum, is used of children at the 
second or third remove, Callist. Dig. 50, 
16, 220. 
grand-daughter: neptis, is, f.: 
Cic.: Ov. Great-g., proneptis, Gai. 
grandee: 1. (homo) nobilis (4 
man of distinguished family or posi- 
tion): Vv. NOBLE (subs.). 2, purpii- 
ratus (at a despotic court) : ef. Cic. Tuse. 
I, 43, wnit.: Liv. 30, 42 (where it is used 
of a certain grade at the Macedonian 
court): Curt. 
grandeur: |. Outward show: 
magnificentia, lautitia: v. DMAGNIFI- 
CENCE. Il. Loftiness, impressiveness : 
1, granditas: g. of style, g. verbo- 
rum. [Veroetis Cic. Br, 31, fin.: 
Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 5 (de vetere comoedia): 
cf. Quint. 10, 1, 65. 2, sublimitas : 
v. SUBLIMITY. 3, gravitas (dignity 
and weight of thought or expression): 
cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72, omnium senten- 
tiarum gravitate, omnium verborum 
ponderibus est utendum: v. DIGNITY. 
4, majestas: the quiet g. (of Ho- 
mer), tacita m., Macr. Sat. 5, 13, fin.: 
varied g., variata m., ib. 14, ad init.: 
Cic. Am. 25, 96 [quanta gravitas, quanta 
in oratione m.!] v. MAJESTY. 5, mag- 
nititido (greatness of whatever kind): to 
imitate the g. of Homer, m. Homeri imi- 
tari, Macr. Sat. 5, 13, fin. 6, mag- 
nildquentia (also in bad sense’: Cic. 
Fam. 13, 15. 
grandfather: avus: g. by father's 
or mother’s side, a. paternus, maternus, 
Hor. S. 1, 6, 3: Cic. Pertaining to a 
g. avitus (usu. in more gen. sense): v. 
ANCESTRAL. Great-g., prdavus: PL: 
Cic.: great-great-g., abavus, Cic, Wife's 
g., prosocer, éri: Ov.: Dig. 
grandiloquence: magniléquentia: 
Gell. 1, 2: also in good sense, v. GRAN= 
DEUR. 
grandiloquent: 1, grandiléquus: 
Cic.: also in good sense: v. GRAND (IL, 
4). 2. magnildquus: Tac.: Ov.: 
also in good sense: v. GRAND (IL. 6). 
3, timidus, turgidus: v. INFLATED. 
Phr.: g. expressions, ampullae, sesqui- 
pedalia verba, Hor. A. P. 97. 
srandiloquently; Phr-.: to talk g., 
ampullari, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 14 
grandly : 1. grandé (cf. L. G. 
§ 344): to sound more g., grandius so- 
nare, Ov. H. 15, 30. 2. magnificé 
(splendidly, excellently): Cic.: Quint. : 
V. MAGNIFICENTLY. (Or expr. by neu. 
pl. of adj.: to speak g., magna, grandia, 
sublimia dicere: v. pms 
grandmother: Avia: Pl. Great-g., 
proaivia, Suet. G. of a wife or husband, 
magna socrus, Suet.: great-g. of a wife 
or husband, major socrus, Dig. 








GRANDSON 


GRAPPLING-IRON 


GRASSHOPPER 





grandson: népos, otis, m. : sons, R. R. 1, 22, med. Full of gs, like a q., without ferrea, Plin. 7, 56, 59, extr, 


daughters, g.8, grand-duughters, filii, 
filiae, nepotes, neptes, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 
85. (Comp. GRANDCHILD.) Great-g., 
pronepos, Cic,: Ov. 
grange: Villa: v. FARMHOUSE. 
granite: *granites lapis, as ¢. ¢. 
(Kr.). Red g., lapis syénites, ae, m. (fr. 
Syene in Egypt): Plin. Lf the word is 
used fig., idamas, adimantinus, may be 
used: Vv. ADAMANT. 
grant (v.): |, 70 bestow: 1, 
concédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (as a favour or 
privilege: Caesar g.’d liberty to the 
Germans Caesar Germanis libertatem 
concessit, Caes.: to g. any one life, ali- 
cui vitamc., Suet. Q, tribuo, i, itum, 
3 (usu. implying that what is granted is 
due): Vv. TO BESTOW. 3. permitto, 
Misi, ssum, 3 (/o give aman power over 
anything): v. Tv ENTRUST (5). 4, in- 
dulgeo, si, tum, 2 (indulgently): to g. 
any one the use of money, ind. alicui usum 
pecuniae, Suet. Aug. 41: to g. a free 
choice of (mode of) death to the con- 
demneu, damnatis liberum mortis arbi- 
trium ind., Suet. Dom. ri, fin. (N.B.— 
Not so in Cic.) 5, do, 1, irr.; prae- 
deo, praesto, etc.: Vv. TO GIVE, AFFORD. 
6. when the ref. is to what is g.’d 
by nature, expr. pass. by suppédito, 
suppéto : had a longer life been g.’d to 
him, cui si vita suppeditasset, Cic. Br. 70, 
245: simly, si vita suppetet, Cic. Fin. 
1,4,11.  |J, In argument, to concede : 
1, do, dédi, datum, 1: in geometry, 
uf you g. the first proposition, the whole 
must be g.'d, in geometria, prima si de- 
deris, danda sunt omnia, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 
83. 2, concédo, 3: you have assumed 
that the gods are blessed; we g. it, 
beatos esse deos sumpsisti ; concedimus, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 32, init.: also foll. by ut 
and suly., Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129: Quint.; 
and less freq. by acc. and inf., Lucr. 
3. imperat. of sum, facio=be it so; 
granted: g.’d; he himself is nothing, 
has no power, esto; ipse nihil est, nihil 
potest, Cic. Div. Verr. 15, init.: also 
foll. by ace. and inf, esp. poet., Hor. Ep. 
1, I, 81: also foll, by ut and subj.: g.d 
that 6000 seeds perish, sit quidem ut sex 
millia seminum intereant, Col. Fac is 
foll. by inf.: g. that you could (have 
slain me), fac potuisse, Cic. Ph. 2, 3, 5. 
4, in sense like (3), ut with subj., 
fac, concede, or a similar verb being 
understood (L. G. § 432): but g. that it 
ts so, yet, etc., verum ut ita sit, tamen, 
ete., Cic. Verr. 3, 4, 151: even g.ing 
that you did not think of it, ut illud 
non cogitares, Cic.: simly, with a nega- 
tive: g.ing that it is not so, né: there 
never was such a man, you will say: 
g.d there was not, nemo is, inquies, 
unquam fuit; ne fuerit, Cic. Or. 29, 
tnit.: g.d that pain ts not the greatest 
evil, tt certainly is an evil, ne sit sum- 
mum malum dolor, certe malum est, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 14: Liv. The subj. 
alone is often used concessively: g.ing 
that you cannot ... still, etc., non possis 
--. tamen, Hor. Ep. 1,1, 28: g.ing that 
he was (a bad citizen) to others, when 
did he begin to be so to you, fuerit aliis; 
tibi quando esse coepit? Cic. 
grant (subs.): concessio (the act): a 
g. of land, c. agrorum, Cic. Agr. 3, 3, 11. 
(Usu. expr. by verb: as, to make any 
one a g. of anything. aliquid alicui 
concedere, tribuere, etc.: Vv. TO GRANT.) 
grantee: perh. bénéficiarius (which 
was used in various senses of privileged 
persons): cf. Plin. Ep. 10, 51 (36). Or 
expr. by verb: *is cui aliquid conces- 
sum, donatum est: v. TO GRANT. 
grantor: is qui concedit, donat, etc. : 
v. TO GRANT. 
granular: grandsus (full of small 
seed-like particles): Plin. 21, 4, 10. init. 
(Or expr. by cireuml., *granorum spe- 
ciem s. formam praebens: v. GRAIN.) 
grape: 1, acinus, less. freq. (ex- 
cept in pl.) dcinum (@ single grape): 
withered g.s, a. arida, Col. 12, 39: the 
seeds of g.s, nuclei acinorum, Plin. 23, 1, 
9. Of g.s, belonging to g.s, acinarius: 
vessels for holding g.s, dolia a., Varr. 





acinosus: a g.-like seed, semen a., Plin. 
12, 13,27. (N.B.—Acinus is also used 


[harpagones et manus]. 2, barpago, 
Onis, m.: described by Liv. as a beam 


of the seeds of grapes [v. GRAPESTONE]; | with an iron hook fastened at the ex- 


also of any similar seeds.) 
(strictly, a cluster of g.s; but used both 
in sing. and pl. tor grapes): here corn- 
crops, there g.s grow more abundantly, 
hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae, 
Virg.: the g.s colour, u. ducit colorem, 
Virg.: to boil g.s dawn, uvas decoquere, 
Plin.: @ fox was trying to get at some 
g-8, Vulpes appetebat uvam, Phaedr. : 
dried g.s (raisins), passae uvae, Cato: 
Virg. 8. vinaceus (sc. acinus): Col. 
12, 39, med. The g.-vine, vitis (v. 
VINE): @ cluster of g.s, racémus: v. 
CLUSTER. The wild-vine, labrusca: Plin.: 
the fruit of the wild-vine, wild g., la- 
bruscum, Virg.; uva silvestris, Pall. 

grape-bearing: Uvifer, éra, érum 
(poet.): Stat.: Sil. 

grape-gatherer: vindémiator: Hor. 


grape-gathering; vindémia: v. 
VINTAGE, 
grape-husk: 1, vinacea (both as 


sing., and collect.=g.s): Cato in Plin. 
17, 22, 35 $197: Col. Arb. 4, fin. Py 
vinaceus : Cato R. R. 147: Col. 12, 39. 
grapestone: 1, acinus vinaceus: 
ic. Sen. 15, 52: also simply vinaceus 
or vinaceum, pl. usu. vinacea (but vina- 
ceus more freq. denotes the husk, seeds 
and all: v. preced. art. 2, ll. cc.): a 
grape with many stones in it, acinus 
frequentis vinacei, Col. 3, t, med. 
granum (any small seed): a kind of 
grape that has no stones, species uvae 
quae g. interioribus caret, Pall. 3, 29, 
init. : V. GRAIN. 
grape-vine: Vitis, is, f.: v. VINE. 
graphic :. 1, expressus (vepre- 
sented closely): a full and g. vepresenta- 
tion of anything, alicujus rei solida et 
expressa imago (opp. to a mere sketch), 
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69: in narration full 
and g.,in narratione plenus atque ex., 
Quint. 9, 4, 38. Simly., to give a g. de- 
lineation, aliquid ita exprimere verbis, 
ut cerni potius videatur quam audiri, 
Quint. 9, 2, 40: Vv. TO REPRESENT. 2} 
manifestus (as if placed before the eyes) : 
this figure has something more g. about 
it, habet haec figura manifestius aliquid, 
[non enim narrari res sed agi videtur], 
Quint. 9, 2, 44. 3. significans, ntis : 
V. EXPRESSIVE. 4, perh. vividus: v. 
vivip. Phr.: than which no picture 
could be more g., quod nulla expressius 
pictura signaret, Macr. Sat. 5, 13, med. 
(N.B.—Not graphicus: cf. Vitr. 4, 4, 
extr.) 
graphically: 1, expressé : esp 
in compar.: Col. 11, 1, ad jin.: Macr. 
(Vv. GRAPHIC, fin.). 9. significanter : 
to narrate g., g. narrare, Quint. Lo, I, 49. 
3, graphicé (v. rare): he described 
the image of Justice fitly and g., apte et 
g. imaginem Justitiae depinxit, Gell. 
14, 4 (lemm.). Phr.: this Virgil has 
depicted in a wonderfully g. manner, 
hoc mire et velut coloribus Maro pinxit, 
Macr, Sat. 5, 11, ad init.: to describe g., 
may also be expr. by exprimere, depin- 
gere, with such advv. as bene, praeclare, 
insigniter: Vv. TO DEPICT. 


grapnel: manus ferrea, etc.: v. 
GRAPPLING-IRON, 
grapple (v.): |. Of wrestlers, etc. : 


1, complector, xus, 3: to g. with 
each other, inter se c., Nep. Eum, 4: cf. 
Tac. Agr. 36, med 2. luctor, 1 (to 
wrestle, q. V.): more fully, complexu lL. 
[cum aliquo], Plin.g, 39, 48: Cic. Il. 


To contend against ; esp. vith boldness : | 


1, obviam eo, 4, irr. (to face boldly : 
with dat.): v. TO FACE, OPPOSE, ). 
congrédior, 3}: V.TO ENCOUNTER. Join: 
luctari et congredi cum aliquo, Cic.: v. 
TO STRUGGLE. Ill. Zo lay hold of a 
vessel with grappling-irons: V. GRAP- 
aoe li Gute 

apple, grappling (subs.): com- 
Sieee armors ‘Tac, Agr. 36, med. 

grappling-iron: 1. manus fer- 
rea: to make fast a ship with a q., fer- 
rea m. injecta navem retinere, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 58: Liv.: manus also occurs 


9. | 


2, lva | tremity, “asseres ferreo unco praefixi, 


| harpagones vocant,’ 30, 10, ad fin.: 
often joined with manus f., Caes. B. C. 
1, 57: Plin.Lc.: tolet dawn g.s upon 
ships, h. in naves injicere, Liv.: Cues, 
8, corvus (appy. not differing 
greatly from precedd.): Join: ferreas 
manus [barpagonas vocant], corvique, 
Curt. 4, 2, med. (The above were used 
both in naval warfare and in sieges.) 
grasp (v.): |. With the hands: 
1, prenso, 1 (strictly frequent. of 
prehendo, but used of any eager grasp- 
ing): to g. any one’s arms with the 
hand, p. manu brachia alicujus, Hor. 8. 
1, 9, 64: they g. the battlements with 
their right hands, dextris fastigia pren- 
sant, Virg. Freq. of g.ing a person’s 
limbs by way of appeal or entreaty: cf. 
Tac. H. 1, 66, arma, genua, vestigia 
prensando, flezere militum animos. Q, 
préhendo, compréhendo, 3: v. HOLD (To 
TAKE), TO SEIZE. ||. Mentally : LL 
complector, xus, 3: to g. anything in 
thought, aliquid cogitatione [et mente] 
¢., Cic. Or. 2, 8: Vv. TO EMBRACE. 5. 
compréhendo, di, sum, 3: usu. with 
cogitatione, mente, animo, Cic.: v. To 
| COMPREHEND. 3, téneo, ui, ntum, 2 
| (to have g.’d; be in possession of): to g. 
jany one’s hidden meaning, reconditos 
alicujus sensus t., Cic. Sext. 10, imit.: 
Ter. See also TO UNDERSTAND. 

—- at or after: |. With the 
hands : 1, capto, 1 (frequently, 
eagerly): Tantalus g.s at the flying 
waters, T. fugientia c. flumina, Hor. 

2, appéto, ivi and ji, itum, 3: to 
g. at a cake on the table, in coena pla- 
centam a., Pl.: to g. at the sun, solem 
manibus a., Cic. Div. 1, 23, 46. 3. 
arripio, 3: V.TO SEIZE UPON, SNATCH AT. 

(|. Fig., to aim at, aspire to 1. 
capto, 1: to g. at the title of imperator, 
nomen imperatorium c., Brut. in Cic. 
Fam. 11, 4: to g. at uncertainties, in- 
certa c., Sall. Q. auciipor, 1 (as a 
Souler catching birds): to g. at empty 
Jame, inanem a. rumorem, Cic. in Pis. 
24, 57: Piin.: Flor. 3, consector, x 
(to pursue eagerly): to g. at every 
shadow of glory, omnes umbras gloriae 
c., Cic. in Pis. 1. c. 4. affecto, 1 (esp. 
of g.ing at supreme power): Liv.: Curt.: 
V. TO ASPIRE TO. 5, appéto, 3: v. To 
| SEEK AFTER. 

grasp (subs.): |. anual: ie 
expr. by manus, ts, f.: to wrest any- 
| thing from any one’s g., aliquid alicui 
de manibus extorquere, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 
Jin. 9. expr. by verb; esp. in con- 
nexion with manus: thrice the figure 
escaped my g., ter comprensa manus 
effugit imago, Virg. Aen. 2, 793: the 
Jleet shade escapes their g., lubrica pren- 
santes effugit umbra manus, Ov. F. 5, 
476: v.TOGRASP. 3, complexus, iis: 
Vv. EMBRACE. |]. 4fental: captus, us; 
ingenii vires: V. CAPACITY. 

grasping (adj.): avarus, appétens, 
avidus : v. COVETOUS. 

grasping (subs.): 1, appétitio (lit. 
or fig.): Cic. 3" affectatio (only fig.) : 
philosophy is the love and g. after wise 
dom, philosophia sapientiae amor et af, 
jest, Sen. (More freq. expr. by verb: v 
| TO GRASP.) 

graspingly : Avaré : Vv. COVETOUSLY, 

graspingness: ‘“varitia: v. COVET- 
OUSNESS. 

ass! 1, gramen, inis, n.: the 
| pure blade of g., graminis berba pura, 
| Liv. 1, 24: to extirpate the g. (from a 
vineyard), gramina exstirpare, Col. : 
Hor. 9. berba (including all low 
herbage: esp. poet.): the g. supplied a 
bed, h. cubile praebebat, Lucr.: the hind 
stretched upon the g., agricola fusus per 
herbam, Virg.: Cic. A sod of g., caes- 
pes: v. SOD. 

grass-green: herbaceus, herbidus: 
V. GRASSY. : rill 

asshopper: gryllus or Us 
pir (Cicada is the tree-hopper: cicale.) 
349 








GRASSY 





GRAY 





assy, of grass: 1, graminosus 
( mding in grass): g. soil, g. ager, 
solum,Col. 2, gramineus (esp. pcet.) : 
a g. plain, g. campus, Virg.: a crown 
or wreath of grass. g. corona [obsidiona- 
lis], Liv. 7, 37, ad init. 3. berbésus 
(abounding in herbage): a g plain, h. 
campus, Her.: Ov. 4, herbidus 
(abounding in herbage: also of grassy 
hue): g. plains, bh. campi, Varr.: Liv.: 
@ g. hue, bh color, Plin. 12. 14, 31. 5. 
herbaceus (grass-lile): leaves of a g. 
hue, folia hb. coloris, Plin. 20, 13, 51: 
also without colos: flos hic herbaceus 
est, Plin. 26, 8, 35. 6, herbiter, éra, 
trum (yielding grass: poet.): Ov. 
grate (subs.): |, A framework of 
bars : Vv. GRATING (subs.). |]. 4 five- 
place: fécus, caminus: V. FIRE-PLACE. 
grate (): |. 70 grind to powder: 
téro, contéro* v.TO GRIND, BRUISE. jj, 
To produce a harsh sensation: 1 
rado, si, sum, 3 (lit. to scrape): to g. 
upon nice ears, aures delicatas r., Quint. 
3;_1;)'3- Q. strideo or strido, i (to 
make a harsh noise of any kind): the 
g.ing saw, stridens serra, Lucr. 2, 410: 
to make a g.ing noise with the teeth, s. 
dertibus, Cels.(v. To GRIND.) Phr.: to 
g. upon any one’s feelings, alicujus ani- 
mum, sensum offendere: v. TO OFFEND. 
grateful: 
dus, gratus: v. PLEASANT. |], Thank- 
ful: gratus: g. towards any one, g. 
erga aliquem, Cic. Fam. 1, 5, imit., in 
aliquem, Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 10, init. : 
to be g. to those who have deserved well 
of you, bene de se meritis gratum se 
praebere, Cic. Pl. 38, init.: see also 
GRATITUDE. Phr.: to be (sincerely) g. 


to any one, alicui gratiam habere, Cic. ; 


Off. 2, 20, 69: simly., to be very g., mag- 
nam, maximam g. habere, Cic. (gratiam 
referre is to make a return). 

gratefully : 1, graté: Cic. Pl. 
41, 98 [grate et pie]: Plin.: Sen. Q 
grato animo, grata memoria: Cic.: v. 
GRATITUDE. 

gratefulness: jiicunditas: gratus 
animus: Vv. PLEASANTNESS, GRATITUDE. 

grater: perh. méla manuaria (hand- 
mill): v. MILL. (Radula, Col 12, 18, is 
a kind of scraper.) 

gratification: |. The act of gra- 
tifying or satisfying: explétio: the g. 
of natural desires, naturae ex., Cic. Fin. 
5, 14, 40: or expr. by verb: v. TO GRA- 
TIFY. ll, Pleasure, delight: it 
expr. by gratus (gratifying, pleasing) : 
you will be giving us great g.,if ..., 
gratissimum nobis feceris, si, etc., Cic. 
Sen. 2,6: if it will be any g. to you, si 
(vobis) g. futurum est, Cic. i. c. 2. 
voluptas (esp. of sensual g., corporis v., 
Cic. Sen. 12, 39): V. PLEASURE. 3. 
délectatio, oblectatio: v. DELIGHT. 4, 
suavitas (sweetness, charm): a wonder- 
Gul g. in acquiring knowledge, mira 
quaedam in cognoscendo s. [et delec- 
tatio], Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 193. (N.B.— 
Not gratificatio, which is the act of 
showing favour, complaisance.) Phr.: 
to do anything for the g. of any one, 
gratificari aliquid alicui, Cic. (v. foll. 
art.): devoted to the g.s of appetite, 
ventri deditus, Sall.: to be devoted to 
sensual g.s, cupiditatibus servire, Cic. 
Am. 22, 82; simly., ventri obedire, Sall. 
Cat. init. 

gratify : |. To do a favour to: 

1, gratum (aliquid) facio: v. GRa- 
TIFICATION (II., 1). Q. gratificor, 1 
(freq.of doing an act of complaisance 
or partiality: with dat.): they think to 
g- Pompey, Pompeio se g. putant, Cic. 
Fam. 1, 1, /in.: ct. Sall. Jug. 4, potentiae 
paucorum decus atyue libertatem g. (to 
give up in order to gratify): Liv. Ry 
morem géro, ssi, stum, 3 (to comply 
with any one's desires, be complaisant : 
with dat.): I will g. your wishes, geram 
tibi morem, Cic. usc. 1, 9, intt.: to g. 
oneself (have one's own way), g. sibi 
morem, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 74: v. TO 
HUMOUR. 4, morigéror, 1 (= preced., 
but cupable of being used in bad sense) : 
Ter. Fig.: speech ought to g. the ear, 
voluptati aurlum m. debet oratio, Cic. 
350 


|. Gratifying: jicun- | fe 


GRAVE 
Or. 48,159. 5, obs€quor, 3 (with dat.) ; 
Vv. TO COMPLY WITH. 6, servio, 4 


(stronger than preced., and denoting a 
habit of mind rather than an act ef. 
Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 8, aliorum amori flagitios- 
issime s.: with dat.) Vv, DEVOTED TO 
(To BE.) J, délecto, oblecto, jiivo: v. 
TO DELIGHT. I]. Vo satisfy a natural 
desire: expleo, €vi, €tum, 2: to g. one’s 
inclinations, animum ex. suum, Ter. 
And. 1, 2, 17: Cic.: v. TO SATISFY. 
gratifying (adj.): gratus: very g., 
pergratus: v. PLEASING. 
grating (subs.) : |. Of bars, ete. : 
1, cancelli (ef wood, iron, etc. ; used 
for a variety of purposes, and formed by 
cross bars: cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 5, init., 
transversis modicis intervallis perticis 
annexis, ad speciem cancellorum sce- 
nicorum): @ g. for a fish-pond, c. qui- 
bus impediatur fuga piscium, Col. 8, 17, 
ad med.: Cic. 2, clathri, orum (esp. 
of the cages of animals): Hor. A. P. 473: 
Plin. Hence adj. clathratus (formed of 
or having a g.): a window with a g., 
fenestra c., Pl. Mil. 2, 4, 26. I. 4 
harsh collsion: 1, stridor (a grating 
sound) : e. g. dentium, Cels.: v. GNASH- 
NG. Q, offensa [dentium]: Plin. 34, 
10, 22, extr. 
grating (adj.): ie. irritating, of- 
ensive* *quod nonnihil offensionis ac 
molestiae habet: v. OFFENSIVE. 
gratis: gratuito: v. GRATUITOUSLY. 
gratitude: 1, gratia (more freq. 
denoting the favour shown : but ef. Cic. 
Inv. 2, 53, 161, where a def. of gratitude 
[gratia] is given): esp. in phr. to show 
g., gratiam referre, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69: 
to feel g., g. habere, Cic. 1. c.. to show 
such g. as is deserved, meritam alicui g. 
persolvere, referre, Cic.: to extort g. 
Srom a forgetful breast, immemori pec- 
tore g. extundere, Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 2. ‘ 
gratus animus, grata mémodria: to fol- 
low (regard) with one’s warmest g., gra- 
tissimo animo (or pl. of a number of 
persons) prosequi, Cic. Phil. 4, 1, 3: cf. 
ib. 14, 11, 30. Phr.: to speak concern- 
ing g., de ratione reddendi beneficii 
dicere, Sen. Ben. 4, 3, 8- what is the 
nature of the debt of g, quid accepto 
beneficio debeamus, ib. 1, §, init. 
gratuitous: gratuitus: g. liberality, 
g. liberalitas (opp. to mercenaria, con- 
ducta, cum mercede), Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 
48: the g. use of money, i. e. without 
interest, g. usus pecuniae, Suet. Aug. 
41: g. cruelty, g, crudelitas, Liv. 3, 37 
(see the place). 
gratuitously: 1, gratuito: to 
defend a case g., causam g. defendere, 
Cic. Off. 2, 19, 66: he was g. base and 
cruel, g. malus atque crudelis erat, Sall. 
Cat. 16. 2. gratis (gratiis, Pl.): to 
do one’s duty to the state g., g. reipublicae 
servire, Cic, Clu. 26, 71: Mart. 
gratuity: 1. sips, ipis, f. (of a 
small coin): who would call the g. of a 
paltry coin a kindness, quis beneficium 
dicat s. aeris abjecti? Sen. Ben. 4, 29, 2: 
to collect g.s, stipem colligere, Liv. 38, 
45, ad fin. 2 congiarium {strictly 
referring to the distributions of corn, 
etc.. but also used of other gifts of a 
superior): cf. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, fin. See 
| alsO GIFT. 3. cdrollarium (a small 
additional present, douceur): to quit 
the table without a g. (of an actor who 
has amused the company), sine c. de 
| convivio discedere, Cic. Verr. 2, 22, 49: 
to give any one an additional g., c. 
alicui aspergere, Sen. Ben, 6, 17: Apul. 
gratulate. gratulation: v. coy- 
GRATULATE, etc. 
|]. Lit., a place 


grave (subs.) : 
of burial : 1, sépulcrum (including 
every kind of burial place): Ter. : Cic. 
2. bustum (strictly, the place of 
cremation): v. TOMB. Il. Fig., the 
regions or stote of death - 1. inféri, 
orum (the infernal regions): to rise 
From one’s g., ab inf. exsistere, Liv. 26, 
32, med.: to call up from the g, ab inf. 
excitare, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20. 2. Orcus 
(strictly=Pluto: poet.): to dispatch to 








the g., Orco Gemittere, Virg. Aen. 2, 398: 
the prtiless g.,nil miserans O., Hor. 3, 








Avernus (a lake identified with the in- 
ternal regions): easy is the descent to 
the g., facilis descensus Averni, Virg. 
See also DEATH. 
grave (adj.): |, Weighty: gravis, 
sérius: V. IMPORTANT, SERIOUS hk 
Staid, solemn, sober: 1. sévérus 
(severe, stern): the talk of g. old people, 
Tumores senum severiorum, Cat, 5, 2: 
g- looks! 4s setting off a joke), vultus s. 
[et tristis], Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289. 2. 
tristis, e (esp. with ref. to the looks: v 
GLOOMY): of a g. and reserved disposi- 
tion, natura t. ac recondita, Cic. Quint, 
18, 59: cf. supr. (1.). v. sap. Dimin., 
tristiculus, somevhat sad or g., Cic 
3, austérus (lit. sour, harsh: hence, 
opposed to gaiety and relaxation): g. 
poems, a, poemata, Hor. A. P. 342: 
Quint. 4, gravis, e (so only in late 
writers); Claud.: Plin, Pan. 5, sé- 
Trius: v. SERIOUS. [|], Of sounds; low 
pitched: gravis: a g. sound, g. sonus, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. 
grave (v.): scalpo, 3: v. TO ENGRAVE, 
grave-clothes: perh. tunica fune- 
bris, Plin. 19, 1, 4. 
grave-digger: fossor: Inscr. Orell. 
gravel: |, Imord. sense: glarea:; 
Cic.: Liv. Il, he disease so called : 
calciilus: Cels. 
gravel (v.) : |, To cover with gra- 
vel: glaream injicio, 3: Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 
1 5 Il. Fig. (nearly obsol.); to re- 
duce to difficulties: Phr.: aliquem dis- 
putationum laqueis irretitum tenere, in 
angustias adducere: Vv. TO ENTANGLE, 
EMBARRASS. In pass., haereo, si, sum, 
2: he is fairly g.’d, haeret in salebra 
Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84: the rascal was g.’d, 
he knew not which way to turn, haerebat 
nebulo; yuo se verteret non habebat, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 29, 74: now the fellow is 
fairly g.d, nunc homo in medio iute 
est, Pl. Ps. 4, 2, 27. 
gravelly: glaredsus: g. soil, g. terra, 
Varr : the fig-tree loves g. soil, glareosa 
amat ficus, Col. Arb. 21. 
gravely: 1, sévéré: Cic.: Quint. : 
V.GRAVE, Q, austéré (rare): Join: 
austere et Stoice, Cic. Mur. 35,74. 3, 
graviter: esp. with severe, Cic. Coel. 
14, 33. See also SERIOUSLY. 
graver: |. One who engraves: 
scalptor: v. ENGRAVER,  |[f, A tool for 
engraving : caelum: Quint, 2, 24, extr. 
grave-stone: monimentum: v 
TOMB. 
grave-yard: sépulcrum: a common 
g. for the lower orders, commune plebi 
s., Hor. S. 1, 8, 10. See also CEMETERY. 
gravitate: [in medium] niti, Lucr. 
I, 1083; Cic. N. D. 2, 45; in medium 
vergere, Cic. l. c. 
gravitation: expr. by verb: y, 
preced. art. See also Gravity (I11.). 
gravity: |. Jmportance: gravitas, 
momentum; Vv. IMPORTANCE. I. So- 
lemnity, graveness : 1, sévéritas: J 
approve of g. in old age, but on no 
account of sourness, s. in senectute 
probo; acerbitatem nullo modo, Cic. 
Sen. 18, 65. Join: gravitas severitas- 
que, Cic. Mur. 33, 66; tristitia et seve- 
ritas, Cic. Br. 25,97.  Q, tristitia (esp. 
as shown in the countenance): to decerve 
by mock g., tristitia vultuque decipere, 
Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, extr.: Quint. 3: 
gravitas :’V. DIGNITY. Ill. As scient. 
t, t.2 gravitas: cf. Cic N. D. 2, 45, con- 
tentio gravitatis et ponderum. Phr.- 
all its parts (i. e. of the world) obey the 
law of g., omnes partes ejus undique 
medinm locum capessentes, nituntur 
aequaliter, Cic. 1. c. 
gravy: L, jus, juris, .: Hor. S. 
2, 8, 45 (where a recipe is given): Cic : 
Vv. BROTH. Q. siicus (applicable to any 
natural g., flowing from cooked flesh) : 
Vv. JUICE. 3, liquamen (esp. a kind 
of fish-pickle: but also any exuded 
juice or gravy: cf. Pall. 3, 25, med., liq. 
de Piris) : Apic. Prepared with g. (ot 
Sauce), jurulentus, Cels, ; liquaminatus, 
Apic. 
gray: 1, canus (hoary: q. v.): a 
g. colour, c. color, Pall.: g. hairs, % 
capilli (for which simply cani, Cic. Sen, 








GRAY-EYED 


GREAT-COAT 








18,62: Ov.): Pl. 2, incanus (poet.): 
Vv. HOARY. 8, caesius (bluish-gray : 
only of the eyes): the bright g. eyes of 
Minerva, c. oculi Minervae, Cie. N. D. 
1, 30, 83: a maiden with gq. eyes, caesia 
virgo, Ter. 4, glaucus (like caesius: 
but used also of things without life): g. 
eyes, ¢. oculi, Plin.: the g. willow, g. 
salix, Virg. G. 4, 182. 5, ravus (red- 
dish, yellowish g.): Hor. Od. 3, 27, 3: 
Plin. 6, cinéraceus (ashen-g.): Plin. 
27, 7, 27 (c. color). To be g., caneo, 2 
(esp. of the head), Virg.: to become g., 
canesco, 3, Plin.; incanesco, 3; Virg.: 
Cat. 

gray-eyed: caesius: Ter. Heaut. 5. 
5,18. 

gray-hairs: 1, canicapilli; cani: 
V. GRAY (1). Q. canities, Gi, f.: only 
men and horses have g., canities homini 
tantum et equis, Plin. 11, 37, 47: so 
long as g. (= old age) are far away, 
donec c. abest, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 17. 

gray-headed : 1, canus: a g. 

, c. amator, Tib.: g. old age, c. se- 

nectus, Cat. To be g., cano capite esse, 
Pi. 2. canens, ntis (part. of caneo): 
g. old age, c. senectus, Virg. To be g.- 
headed, caneo, 2: they even wear the 
badge till they ave g., jam canent in- 
signes, Tac. Ger. 31. Yo become g., ca- 
nesco, 3: Ov.: Plin.: v. GRAY (jim.). 

grayish: canescens, ntis: v. GRAY 
(jin.). Phr.: he was now getting g., 
*jam canescebat ; canitiei propior erat. 

grayness: canities, ci, f.: usu. of 
he hair: Vv. GRAY-HAIRS. 

graze: |. Yo pasture. pascor, 
pastus, 2 (also in act.): the herds g. over 
the pastures, pascuntur armenta per 
herbas, Virg.: v. TO FEED (B., 2). ll. 
To touch lightly: 1. stringo, nxi, 
ctum, 3 (chiefly poet. in this sense): the 
bird g.d the surface of the waves, strin- 
gebat summas ales wndas, Ov. Met. 11, 
733: the oar-blade g.s the rocks, s. pal- 
mula cautes, Virg. Aen. 5, 163: to g. 
the goals with the inner wheel, s. metas 
interiore rota, Ov. Am. 3, 2,12. Simly. 
the comps. desiringo, Ov.; praestringo 
(just to g., or skim), Suet.: Amm.; 
perstringo, Virg. (but perstringo usu. 
denotes more violent contact: comp. 
Cic. Ph. 2, 40, 102, vomere portam Ca- 
puae perstrinxisti, i.e. nearly drove it 
ugainst the gate). 9. rado, rasi, ra- 
um, 3 (like preced. chiefly poet.): to g. 
the goal (fig.), metam r., Ov. Am. 3, 
15, 2. 

grazier: pécuarius (one who breeds 
ae keeps cattle): Varr. R. R. 3, 17: 
ic 


azing (subs.) : 1, pecuaria pas- 
Neen R. ae it Rore Col. ie I 
(pastio includes also the rearing of 
poultry, etc.): also pecuaria res (“ stocle- 
Jarming”), or simply pecuaria, Varr. 
1. c.; and pecuaria negotiatio, Col. |. c. 
9. expr. by verb: good, bad, toler- 

able g., bene, male, satis bene, pascere, 
Cato in Cic. Off. 2, extr. 

grazing (adj.): pasciius: g, lands, 
agri p., Cic.; Vv. PASTURE. 

grease (subs.): adeps, pinguedo, etc. 
v. FAT (subs.). 

grease (v.): 1, ungo or unguo, 
nxi, nctum, 3: good for g.ing axle-trees, 
utilis ungendis axibus, Mart. 2, 77, 2. 
Simly., the comp. pérungo : to use boars” 
fat for g.ing the axles of carriages, 
adipe verrino axibus vehiculorum per 
ungendis uti, Plin. 28, 9, 37: to g. the 
mouth with a dirty hand (in eating), ora 
immunda p. manu, Ov. A. A. 3, 756. 

9. illino, oblino, perlino (with some 

such word as adipe): Vv. TO BESMEAR. 

greasy: unctus: with g. hands, u, 
manibus, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 23: g. water, 
u. aqua, Hor. S. 2, 2, 68 


great: |. In ordinary senses: 1, 
magnus, major, maximus: in most 
senses: (a.) of size: a g. and beautiful 


house, m. et pulcra domus, Cic.: Cues. : 
Vv. LARGE. (b.) of quantity: a g. quan- 
tity of fodder, m. copia pabuli, Caes. : 
© g. sum of money, M. Summa pecuniae, 
Vic. (c.) of weight or import: a g. 
cause, m. causa, Cic.: g. things the gods 





look to; little things they neglect. magna 
dii curant; parva negligunt, Cic.: v. 
IMPORTANT: esp. ingen. sing. magni, ata 
g. price; of g. value: to think anything 
of g. importance, aliquid magni, maximi 
existimure, Cic. (d.) lofty, eminent: 
Jupiter most good, most g., Jupiter opti- 
mus maximus, Liv.; a g. man, vir m., 
Cic. (e.) of mental or moral distinction : 
g. infumy, m. infamia, Cic.: the g.est 
honours, mMaximi honores, Cic.: g. and 
even incredible virtue, m. incredibilisque 


virus, Cic.: that is one of the very g.est | 


Jaults in oratory, id est in oratione viti- 
um vel maximum, Cic. Very g.; per- 
magnus (in various senses): Ter.: Cic. 

9. vrandis, e (rather stronger than 
magnus): (d.) of size: v. LARGE, (b.) 
ot quantity or measure: & very g. crop, 
grandissima seges, Varr.: a g. weight of 
silver, g. pondus argenti, Cic.: g. debt, 
g. aes alienum, Suall. (¢.) of distinction 
of any kind: a g. contest, g. certamen, 
Hor.: a g. function, g. munus, Hor.: v. 
GRAND. 3. amplus: (a.) of physical 
dimensions: Cic.: v. Spacious. (6.) of 
distinction, importance: a g. and flou- 
rishing state, civitas a, atque florens, 
Caes. (c.) of various abstract qualities : 
g.er power, amplior potentia, Plin.: much 
g.er resentments, irae multo ampliores, 
Ter. Hee. 3, 1,9: @ punishment late but 
q., poena sera sed a., Prop. 4, 5,32. 4, 
ingens, ntis (unusually g.: chiefly, but 
not solely, of physical dimensions): g. 
glory, i. gloria, Liv.: g. deeds, i. facta, 
Hor.: Virg.: Tac.: v. HUGE. 5, im- 
pensus (very g.: esp. of price, labour, 
etc.): at a very g. price, i. pretio, Caes. 
B. G. 4,2: Liv. 2, 9 (in Cic. Att. 14, 13, 


ad fin., the phr. bas a totally different | 


sense = pretio non penso) : with very g. 
diligence, i. opera, Gell. 9, 14, med.: 
very g. goodwill, i. yoluntas, Liv.: Tac. 

6, (only in superl.) summus (of 
abstract qualities): the g.est (highest) 
honours, s. honores, Cic.: the g.est men 
and endowed with the gest abilities, s. 
homines ac s. ingeniis praediti, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 2, 6. 7. (as adj. only in com- 
par.) auctus: Rome became g.er every 
day, res Romana in dies auctior fieret, 
Liv. 25, 16, med.: Pl. Join: auctior 
et amplior, Liv. Phr.: the g.est of evils, 
ultima in malis, Brut. in Cic.: the g.est 
Jaults, ultima vitia, Quint. (v. EXTREME) : 
so g. how g., tantus, quantus (v. foll. 
artt.): to be too g. to be believed, tidem 
excedere (v. TO EXCEED): no very g. 
disaster, nulla magnopere clades, Liv. 3, 
26: Cic. Il. Influential: esp. in phr., 
the great: principes viri, Hor. Ep. 1, £7, 
353; nobiles, nobilitas, optimates: v. No- 
BILity. Phr.: ag. friend, potens ami- 
cus, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 12; magnus amicus, 
Juv. 1, 33. Il]. Weth child: praeg- 
naus: Vv. PREGNANT. 

great as, as: tantus quantus, or 
quantus alone (the case of quantus de- 
pends upon the nature of its own sen- 
tence): I never saw an assembly as g. 
as yours, nullam contionem unquam 
vidi, quanta vestra est, Cic. Ph. 6, 7, 18: 
a hundred others as g. as Polypheme, 
quantus Polyphemus [se. tanti] centum 
alii, Virg. 

—— how: quantus (in direct or 
indirect questions, and in exclamations) : 
how g. a man, [qualis et] q. homo, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 12, 51: simly., Cic. has qui vir 
et q. (exclam.), Div. 1, 25, 52: Vv. WHAT. 
How g. soever may be expr. by quan- 
tuscunque or (not in Cic.) quantus quan- 
tus (L. G. § 83): also quantusvis (Caes. : 
Liv.), quantuslibet (Col.: lac.) = as g. 
as you please, ever so g. 

—— go; tantus: freq. followed by 
quantus (Vv. AS GREAT AS); also by ut; 
so g. an alarm as to disturb the minds 
of all in the highest degree, t. timor ut 


non mediocriter omnium animos pertur- | 


baret, Caes. 
somewhat: jliquantus: v. 
CONSIDERABLE. 
—— too: nimius: v. EXCESSIVE. 
—— very: permagnus, maximus, 
summus: v. GREAT. 


great-coat: 





1, paenila (strictly 


GREEDY 


a cloak rather than a coat: vy. \iict. Ant 


8. V¥.): it is as little 100d as a g. at mite 
summer facit quod p. solstitio, Hor. Ep. 
I, 11, 18: Cle. Wearing such a gar- 
ment, paentilatus, Cic. 9. \laicerna 
(similar to preced.: v. Dict. Ant. s. v.): 
Cic. Ph. 2, 30, 76: Suet. Aug. 41, eztr. 
Wearing such a garment, \acernatas: 
Vell. 3. pallium: v. cLoak. 
great-grandfather, etc.: Vv. 
GRANDFATHER, etc. 
greatly : 1, magndpéré (also 
magno opere); super. Maximopéré or 
maximo opere: to desive pleasure q., 
voluptates magnopere desiderare, Cic. 
| Sen. 13, 44: V. EARNESTLY. 9. valdé: 
to please g., V. placere, Cic.: more g. to 
delight the people, valdius populum de- 
lectare, Hor A. P. 321 (but compar 
rare): to desire g., v. velle, Caes. in Ule.: 
v. VERY. 8. véhémenter: to displease 
g., ¥. displicere, Cic.: to be g. mistaken 
v. errare, Cic.: Vv. EXCEEDINGLY. 4. 
graviter: v. GRIEVOUSLY. 5. (very 
g.) summé: to desire very g., 8. concu- 
piscere, Cic. Quint. 21, 6g: Caes. Phr.; 
to be g. mistaken, longe errare, Ter. Ad. 
I, I, 40; errare probe, Pl. Am. 3, 3, 215 
multum falli, Phaedr. 1, 23, 6: comp. 
supr. N.B.—The force of greatly ts 
sometimes given to a verb by a prep. in 
comp.: as, to admive g., demiror, emiror 
(Vv. TO ADMIRE); to love g., deamo (¥. TO 
LOVE); hating g., exosus, perosus (¥. TO 
HATE), etc. See also MuCH. Phr.: as 
greatly as: tantopéré .. . . quantopéré, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164: how g., quant- 
opere or quanto opere, Caes. B. G. 2, § = 
Cic.: so g., tantopere, foll. by ut, Nep. 
Att. 73 by quar, Quint. Ep. 
greatness: 1, magnitido (in 
most senses: comp. GREAT): the g. of 
the universe, m. mundi, Cic.: g. of a 
punishment, m. poenae, Caes.: the g 
and the power of love, m. et vis amoris, 
Cic.: g. of soul, m, aniimi, Cic.: g. of 
intellect, m. ingenii, Piin. 2, ampli- 
tidy, inis,/. (extensiveness or grandeur) : 
the g. of a state, a. [et dignitas] civitatis, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 39, 164: Caes.: g. of mind, 
a. (stronger than magnitudo) animi, Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 26, 64: g. of exploits, rerum 
gestarum a., Nep. Att. 18. 8. dig- 
nitas: v. DIGNITY. 4, gravitas: v. 
IMPORTANCE. 5, moles, is, f (lit. 
mass: a strong «nd fig. expr.): force 
dewid of wisdom falls from sheer g. 
vis consili expers m. ruit sua, Hor. Od. 
3, 4,65: the (enormous) g. of an evil, 
mali m., Cic. Cat. 3, 7,17: Tac. Phr.: 
elevated beyond the limit of mortal g., 
mortale fastigium egressus, Tac. Ann. 
15, 74: see also, GLORY, DISTINCTION. 
greave (usu. pl.): ocréa: the g. (so 
called) because it was fastened in front 
of the shin, 0., quod opponebatur ob 
crus, Varr. L. L. 5, 24, $116: polished 
| g.s, leves 0., Ov. Wearing gs (or gai- 
| ters), ocréatus, Hor. S. 2, 3, 234: Plin. 
Grecian: Graecus: v.GREEK. Phr.: 
| a good G. (i. e. (reek scholar), *(bomo) 
| Graecarum literarum peritus; Graecis 
litteris imbutus: Vv. SCHOLAR. 
Grecism: Hellénismus, Foreell. ; lo- 
quendi genus a Graeco fonte deductum, 
Bentl. (Not Graecismus: for which 
Forcell. gives Graecatio, e Vet. Gloss.) 
greedily : ], avidé (also in good 
sense): to drink g., a. bibere, Epigr. in 
Suet. ‘lib. 59: v. EAGERLY. 9. avare, 
iivariter (only Pl.): v. coveTousLy. 3, 
|capidé, appétenter: v. EAGERLY. To 
eat g., obsorbére (to swallow at a mouth- 
Ful), Hor. S. 2, 8, 24. } 
| greediness, greed: 1. Aviritia 
(grasping disposition): V. OOV ETOUS- 
NESS. Y, iividitas: v. EAGERNESS. 3 
| vOracitas, édicitas, gulOsitas: v. VORA- 
| erry, GLUTTONY. Phr.: accursed greed 
| of gold, auri sacra fames, Virg. Aen 











3, 57- 
greedy: 1, avarus: the g. belly, 
a, venter, Hor.: g. of slaughter, caedis 


COVETOUS. 9. avidus: 
v. EAGER. 3, cipidus: v. DESIROUS. 

4, édax, vorax: v. voracious. 49 
be g. after, inbio, 1 (with acc. or dats . 
| to be as g. after an inheritance as w 
r 35 


a., Claud.: v. 





GREEK 


hungry wolf, hereditatem in. quasi esu- 
riens lupus, Pl. St. 4, 2, 25: to be g. for 
booty, praedae in., Val. Fl. 2, 531: to be 
g. after any one’s death, mortem ali- 
cujus in., Caecil. in Gell. 2, 23. See 
also, TO DESIRE, COVET. 

Greek (adj.): 1, Graecus (belong- 
ing to Greece or the Greeks): at the G. 
Kaiends (i. e. never), ad Kalendas Gr., 
August. in Suet. vit. 87: to study G. 
literature, Gr. literis studere, Cic. Br. 20, 
78: Caes. Dimin., Graecilus (mostly 
used in a depreciatory sense): a silly 
affair indeed, and quite G., ineptum 
sane negotium et G., Cic. Tusc. I, 35, 
86: Juv.: Flor. 9, Graecanicus (1 
G. fashion, after the manner of the 
Greeks): some words actually G., others 
Grecized, alia (verba) Graeca, alia GE 
Varr. L. L. 10, 3, § Jo: the G. toga (? the 
pallium), G. toga, Suet. Dom. 4: Greekt- 
fied soldiers, G, milites, Vulcat. Av. 5. 

3. Graius (chiefly poet.): Virg.: 
Hor. Phr.: to write, speuk G., Graece 
scribere, loqui, Cic.: to know G. very 
well, Graece optime scire, Cic. de Or. 2, 
66, 265: the name of this comedy in G. 
is Alazon, Alazon Graece huic nomen est 
comediae, Pl. Mil. 2, 1, 8: to live or act 
in G. fashion, Graecari, Hor. S, 2, 2, 115 
Graecisso, 1 (in speech) : Pl. prol. Men. 12. 

Greek (subs.): 1, Graecus: three 
races of G.s, tria genera Graecorum, Cic. 
FL. 24, init.: in sing. Cic. has homo 
Graecus, Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6: Fl. 11, 24. 
Dimin., in contemptuous sense: @ poor 


hungry G., Graeculus esuriens, Juv. 3, | 


96: Cic. Q, Gradius (rare): out of so 
many thousands of G.s, de tot Graiorum 
millibus, Ov. Met. 13, 241: among the 
G.s, apud Graios, Cic. N. D. 3, 21, 53. 
3, Grajigéna (rare and poet.): gen. 
pl. Grajugenum for -arum, Virg. Aen. 3, 
550. 
green (adj.): |. Of colour : ie 
viridis, e: g. emeralds, v. smaragdi, 
Lucr.: very g. hills, viridissimi colles, 
Cic.: g. meat, v. pabulum, Col. 7, 9. 
Hence, perviridis, very g.; subviridis, 
somewhat g.: Plin. 9, virens, viri- 
dans (of things growing): V. VERDANT. 
3, prisinus (leek-green): a ball of 
such a colour, pila p., Petr. 27 (v. Burm. 
a.l.): ag. hue, color p., Plin. 37, 10, 67: 
a driver dressed in g., prasinus, Mart. 
10, 48, fin. : Petr. 70, extr.: the g. faction 
(in the Circus), p. factio, Suet. Cal. 55. 
4, glaucus (sea-green): the g. waves, 
g. undae, Virg.: the sea-g. sisters, g. so- 
rores (i. e. Nereides), Stat. 5. herba- 
ceus (grass-green) : leaves of a grass-g. 
hue, folia h. coloris, Plin. 20, 13, 51: @ 
grass-g. flower, h. flos, Plin. (see also 
GREEN, TO BE). Il. Fresh, unseasoned, 
unripe : 1, viridis, e (that has not 
yet lost its guice or sap): g. cheese, 
caseus v. [qui adhuc succum retinet], 
Col. 4, 8, init.: g. (unseasoned) timber, 
yv. materia, Liv. 29, 1, med. Fig.: a 
*resh and g. old age, cruda v. que se- 
nectus, Virg.: Tac. 9, récens: v. 
FRESH. 3, cridus (wnripe): g. apples, 
c. poma, Cic.: v. UNRIPE. Fig.: g. 
wounds, c. vulnera, Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 19 
bondage still g. (i. e. endured but jor 
a short time), c.adhuc servitium, Tac. 
Ann. I, 8: cf. supr. (1). 4, imma- 
turus: Vv. UNRIPE. 
green (subs.): |. The colour: co- 
lor viridis, prasinus, herbaceus, etc.: v. 
preced. art. Also simply viride, is, n. : 
ef. baccae e viridi rubentes, Plin. 15, 30, 
39. I]. An open lawn: herbosus, 
herbidus campus, locus: Vv. GRASSY. 
Il]. In pl., cabbage, etc.: Slus, Eris, 
nm. (both sing. and pl.): Vv. GARDEN- 
STUFF, VEGETABLES. 
green, to be, become: vireo, ui, 2 
(of foliage): to be g. with fresh foliage, 
fronde v. nova, Virg.: the top (of the 
mountain) is g. with pine trees, summa 
virent pinu, Ov.: Cic. Hence, viresco, 
3: to become g.: Virg.: Ov.: to become 
g. again, réviresco, 3: Ov.: Tac. 
green-crops: Viridia pabula: Col. 
9,9, init. 
greenfinch : fringilla (generic term): 
Varr. (*#Loxia chloris, Linn.) 
352 








GRIEF 


green-grocer: *dlérum venditor : 
or perh. 6litorius [forum olitorium is 
the market for green-grocery: Liv. 21, 


GRIEVOUSNESS 


stgns of g.): g. ts an umeasiness of 
mind attended with tears, m. est aegrr 
tudo flebilis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18: to be 


62, init.], though the subs. does not oc- | overwhelmed with g., jacere in moerore, 


cur. Phr.: to get one’s living as a g., 
agrestia olera vendens victum quaerere, 
Gell. In gen. perhaps Slitor (kitchen- 
gardener): as the grower would com- 
monly be the seller. 

green-grocery: Olus, dléra: v. pre- 
ced. art. 

greenhorn: tiro, Onis, m.: i. 
mere beginner: V. NOVICE. 

greenhouse: perh. viridarium hi- 
bernum: v. GARDEN. More precisely, 
viridarium lapide speculari instructum. 


e., a 


greenish: subviridis, e: Plin.: v. 
GREEN. 
greenness: [20k colour: » (1. 


viriditas : the g. of meadows, v. pratorum, 
Cic.: the g. of the sea, v. maris, Plin. 
2. color viridis, etc.: V. GREEN 

(subs.). ll. Fig.: umripeness: cra- 
ditas, immaturitas: Vv. UNRIPENESS. 

green-sward: herba, caespes: v. 
TURF. 

green-wood: silva: v. FOREST. 

greet: j, salato, 1: g. Tiro in 
my name, Tironem saluta meis verbis, 
Curius ap. Cic.: to g. any one kindly, 
aliquem benigne s., Pl.: v. TO SALUTE. 
Hence, consaluto (of mutual greeting) : 
they had g.d one another in a very 
Friendly way, inter se amicissime con- 
salutaverant, Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 13. 2), 
saliitem dico, 3: esp. in letters, where it 
is often represented by S. D., or simply 
S.; as, M. T. Cicero to M. Marius g.ing, 
M. T. C. M. Mario, S. (D.). We also 
find S. D. M. or P., i. e. salutem dicit 
multam or plurimam: Cic. passim. 
Simly, when the greeting is conveyed 
JSrom another, salutem nuntio: J g. you 
on behalf of your companion, s. tibi ab 
sodali nuntio, Pl. Bac. 2, 2, 10: Cic. 
Fam. 7, 14, where verbis [tuis] is added. 
Also salutem impertio, ascribe, in same 
sense: Tullia joins in hearty g.ing, s. 
tibi plurimam ascribit T., Cic. Att. 1, 5, 
extr.; impertit tibi s. multam, Att. 2, 
12, extr. 3. salvére jiibeo (used at 
meeting; to bid “good-day”’): Ter.: 
Cic. 

greeter: ], silutator (mostly of 
those who attended in the morning at 
the doors of the great): Cic.: Mart. 

9. salitans, ntis (esp. in pl.): a 

flood of g.s, salutantum unda, Virg. G. 
2, 462. 

eesetitin (subs.) : 1, salitatio: 
vy. SALUTATION, 9, consalitatio (mu- 
tual g.): Cic. 3, salus, itis, f.: am 
I not worthy of ag.? non ego sum dig- 
nus salutis? PL Tr. 5, 2, 29: esp. in 
phr., to send a g., 8. dicere, nuntiare, as- 
cribere: v. TO GREET. 

gregarious: grégalis, e: g. cattle, 
g. pecua, Apul. 6, p. 162. Phr.: ele- 
phants are g., elephanti gregatim semper 
ingrediuntur, Plin. 8, 5, 5.. [Gregarius 
is belonging to a herd or company. } 

gregariously: grégatim: Plin.: 
Col.: Vv. GREGARIOUS. 

grenade: perh. pyrobolus: v. BOMB. 

grenadier: cannot be translated : 
*eo genere miles qui grenadiers di- 
cuntur. 

grey: V. GRAY. 

greyhound: perh. vertigus, vertiga 
(also vertr-): V. HOUND. 

gridiron: craticiila: Mart. 14, 221. 

grief: 1, dolor (most gen. term): 
to cause any one y., alicui d. afferre, fa- 
cere, Cic.: to be affected with great g., 
magno d. affici, Cic.: the death of Ario- 
vistus is a source of great g. to the Ger- 
mans, magno est dolori Germanis Ario- 
visti mors, Caes.: to feel g. at anything, 
ex aliqua re d. percipere (capere), Cic. 
Rep. 1, 4: to revive any one’s g., ali- 
cujus d. refricare, Cic. de Or. 2, 48, fin. ; 
cf. d. suum scindere, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2: 
to diminish and assuage g., d. minuere 
acmollire, Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 4,5,4. 2. 
aegritudo, inis, f. (any uneasiness of 
mind: Cic. Tusc. 3, 10): to die of g., 
aegritudine mori, Pl. 3, moeror (sor- 
row, mourning; with ref. to outward 








Cic. Att. 10, 4, med. 4. luctus, is 
(deep g.): g. is distress at the bitter end 
of one who was dear, |. est aegritudo ex 
ejus qui carus fuit interitu acerbo, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 8, 18: to be overwhelmed with 
lamentations and g., in ieee lal 
mentis, luctu jacere, Cic. in Pis. 36, 89. 
(N.B.—Though specially applicable to 
grief for bereavement, acc. to Cic.’s de- 
finition, luctus may be used of other 
keen sorrow: cf. Cic. Fam. 14, 1, intt.) 
To be in g., ddleo, moereo, etc.: Vv. TO 
GRIEVE, MOURN. See also SORROW. 
grievance: i.e. a ground of com- 
plaint : 1, désidérium (in later au- 
thors: lit. a request, petition): to report 
to Caesar the g.s complained of by the 
soldiers, d. militum ad Caesarem ferre, 
Tac. Ann. 1, 19: to redress the g.s of the 
soldiery, d. militum ordinare, Suet. Aug. 
17, med, 2. quérimonia, quéréla (the 
conyplaint itself): at Rome the gs (of 
the people) were being brought for- 
ward, Komae querimoniae de injuriis 
habebantur, Cic. Verr. 3, 57, 132: many 
g.s being adduced on either side, quum 
multae q. ultro citroque jactatae essent, 


Liv. 7, 9: V. COMPLAINT. 3, injaria 
(wrong done): V. INJURY. 
grieve: A. Trans.: — ], expr. 


by ddlor with a verb: e.g., d. alicni 
facere, Cic. Att. 11, 83 efficere, ib. 12, 
18, init. ; afferre, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, extr.; 
aliquem dolore afficere, id. Fam. 1, 5, 
init.: V. GRIEF. 2. criicio, excriicio, 
1 (both of acute distress): I am over- 
whelmed with sorrow; nor is it my own 
sufferings which g. me any more than 
thine, conficior moerore; nec meae me 
miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae, 
Cic. Fam. 14, 3. 3. ango, 3: v. TO 
VEX, DISTRESS. 4, piget, 2: v. foll. 
art. B. Intrans., to grieve, be 
grieved : 1, ddleo, 2 (foll. by direct 
acc., acc. and infin., and abl. alone or 
with de): to g. for any one’s death, 
alicujus mortem d., Cic. Cael. 10, 24: 
to g. on my, thy, any one’s account, 
meam, tuam, alicujus vicem d., Cic. 
Att. 8, 15, extr.: ib. 6, 3,2: I am sure 
you g. for Hortensius, de Hortensio te 
certe scio dolere, Cic. Att. 6, 6, 3: to 
g. (feel resentment) for the wrongs of 
one’s country, injuriis suae patriae d., 
Liv. 29, 21. 2. piget, uit, 2 (im- 
pers.; with acc, of subject and gen. of 
object): Iam g.d for my brother, fratris 
me piget, Ter.: Cic.: v. SORRY (TO BE), 
3, ligeo, moereo: v.TOMOURN. 4, 
expr. by ddlor and a verb: to g. very 
greatly, summo d. affici, Cic.: v. GRIEF. 
5. inddlesco, ui, 3 (chiefly in perf. 
tenses: to g. at something): foll. by acc. 
and inf., Cic. Ph. 2, 25, 61. To cease to 
g., dédéleo, 2 (rare): Ov. R. Am. 293. 
grievous: 1. gravis, e (burden- 
some, hard to bear): @ g. wound, g. 
vulnus, Liv.: to lay one low with g. de- 
struction, aliquem sternere exitio g., 
Hor.: v. SEVERE. 2. acerbus (lit. 
bitter; hence painfully affecting): g- 
death, a, mors, Nep.: to render evils 
greater and more g. by speech, mala ma- 
jora et acerbiora verbis facere, Cic. : very 
g. tributes, acerbissima tributa, Cic. 3, 
dirus (hard, cruel): g. pains, d. dolores, 
Virg.: a g. disease, Pl.: g. poverty, d. 
pauperies, Hor.: v. CRUEL. 4, mo- 
lestus: V. TROUBLESOME, BURDENSOME. 
5, atrox, cis (fierce, unrelenting) : 
g. danger, a. periculum, Liv. 33, 5, iit. : 
the g. hour of the blazing Dog-star, a. 
hora Caniculae flagrantis, Hor. Od. 3, 
13, 9. 
grievously: 1, gravitér: tocom- 
plain g., g. queri, Cic.: to be g. ill, g. 
aegrotare, id.: v. SERIOUSLY. Q, valde, 
véhémenter : v. GREATLY. 8. acerbé: 
V.BITTERLY. 4, atrociter: Vv. FIERCELY. 
Phr.: to be g. mistaken, valde errare, 
falli, etc.: V. GREATLY. 
grievousness: 1. acerbitas (bit- 
terness ; afflicting nature) : g. of extreme 
sorrow, a. summi luctus. Cic. Fam. » 





RIEFIN 


16, init. 2, (in connexion with words 
denoting something evil): magnitudo 
g. of danger, of hatred, m. periculi, odii 
Vv. GREATNESS. 3, expr by adj.: O 
the g. of such a fate! O casum acerbum, 
luctuosum ! Vv GRIEVOUS, SAD. 

griffin. gtyps, gryphis, m.: also gry- 
phus, i (Mela): Virg. E. 8, 27. 

grill; torreo, 2° v. TO ROAST, BROIL. 

grim. 1, torvus (of stern, threat- 
ening aspect): the g. Sorehead (of Poly- 
phemus), t. trons, Virg. Aen. 3, 636. g 
‘Mars, t. Mars, Hor. Od. 1, 28, 18. 2) 
trux, triiciilentus (jierce-looking) : Vv 
FIERCE. 3, atrox, dcis: V. DARK, SA- 
vace. 4, horridus (rugged, fright- 
ful): V HORRID. 

grimace: 1, distortus vultus @ 
g. very il becomes an orator, oratorl 
minime convenit d. vultus, Quint. 6,3 
29. 9, oris dépravatio: Cic. de Or. 2, 
62,252. Phr.: to male g.s, 08 torquere, 
Cic. Off. 1, 36, 131; ducere, id. Or. 25, 
eztr.; distorquere, ‘Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 75 
comp. vultum ducere, Ov. Met. 2, 774: 
to make g.s with the lips, labra distor- 
quere, Quint. 1, 11, 9: full of 9-5, vultu- 
osus. €.g., V pronuntiatio, a delivery 
characterised by g.s, Quint. 11, 3, 183. 

grimly: ‘orvum, torva (poet.: cf. 
L. G. § 344): to look g., torva tueri, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 467. : 

grimness: torvitas Tac. 

grimy: 1. squalidus (ough, foul) : 
untended and g. legs, neglecta ac sq. 
crura, Juv. 9, 15: Hor.: v. FOUL. 9. 
squalens, ntis (esp. poet.): @ g- beard, 
sq. barba, Virg. Aen. 2, 277- 3. niger, 
gra, grum: g. with Trojan dust, n. pul- 
vere T'roico, Hor. Od. 1, 6, 15: simly, 
nigrans pulvere, Val. Fl. 1, 13. Phr.- 
rightfully g., terribili squalore [Cha- 
ron}, Virg. Aen. 6, 299. to be g., squa- 
Tere, Sil. 10, 511: busts g. with smoke, 
fumosae imagines, Cic. in Pis. 1, 1: with 
eyes sore and g., fuligine lippus (of a 
smith), Juv 10, 130. 

grin (v.): no exact word: Ov. has, 

rverso distorquere ora cachinno, A. A. 
3,287 Pomp. in Non., ridentem ringi 
(ringor alone is to open ide the jaws; 
esp as a dog): perh. *distorto vultu 
ridere, indecoro rictu ridere: or simply 
ridere, which includes all kinds of laugh- 
ter, cf. Hor S. 2, 3, 72 

in (subs): *risus indécens, risus 
distortus (cachinnus is loud laughter) ; 
v, LAucH. Phr.. to set your listener 
on the broad g., risu diducere rictum au- 
ditoris, Hor. 8. 1, 10, 7- 
ind : , Lit.: to reduce to a 

powder : 1, milo, ui, itum, 3° to g. 
in a mill, in pistrino m., Ter - ground 
corn, molita cibaria, Caes.: to g. barley 
toa fine powder, hordeum in subtilem 
farinam m., Plin. Comp. commolo 
(rare): to g very fine, minutissime C., 
Col. 12, 28, init. 9, expr. by mola 
and a verb: e. g., mola frangere, Plin. 
18, 7, 14; terere, Petr 74: Plin. ; com- 
minuere (to g. fine), Ov. Med. 72. 33 
pinso, tundo: v. TU PouND. ff, To 


shape by grinding : torno, T° to g. stone 
into vessels, lapidem in vasa t., Plin. 36, 
22, 44. Ill. Fig.: to g. down: op- 
primo, pressi, ssum, 3: more fully, {civi- 
tatem] oppressam tenere, Nep. Thras. 
1: Cic.: Vv. 10 OPPRESS. IV. In pbr., 
to g. the teeth: dentibus stridere, Cels. 2, 
6, ad med.; dentibus frendere (v. To 
GNASH). : 

grinder : |. One who grinds : mo- 
litor (rare): Ulp. Dig. A colour g., CO- 
lorum tritor, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 41- I. 
‘A molar tooth: (dens) génuinus: the 
gs, dentes intimi qui genuini vocantur, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 134: also used in sing 
and absol., Juv. 5, Pers. The same 
teeth are also called dentes maxillares, 


Cels. 6, 9, med.: molares, Juv, 13, 212. 
grindstone: ©, cotis, f. Vv. WHET- 
STONE. 


grip (v.)° arripio, 3° V. TO SEIZE. 
grip (subs.) expr. by manus: Vv. 
GRASP (subs.). 


ipe (v.)° i. e. to cause griping of 
fae bowels: torminibus afficere Vv 
GRIPES. 




















GROPE 


GROUND 





gripe (subs.): |, Hold: expr. by 
manus Vv. GRASP I]. In pl, the 
gripes, a disorder of the bowels: tor- 
mina, um, n.: to be seized with the g., 
torminibus affici, Plin. 29, 5, 33: fla- 
tulence and g. are brought on, ipfkatio 
contrahitur et t., Plin. 22, 25, 72: to re- 
move the g., t. discutere, Plin. 26, 8, 47. 
Troubled with the g., torminesus, Cic. 
Tse. 4, 12, init. : to be troubled with the 
g., ex intestinis laborare, Cic. Fam. 7, 26. 

griping (dj.). |. Of the nature 
of gripes: perh. torminosus: v. preced. 
art. (fin.). Phr.: @ g. pain, intestin- 
orum dolor; V. INTESTINES. ll. Fig.: 
oppressive, causing pri vation: perb. 
durus, saevus: to banish g. hunger, fa- 
mem duram proyellere, Hor. S. 1, 2, 6 
g. poverty, duris urgens in rebus egestas, 
Virg G. 1, 146. 

grisly; horrendus: v. HORRIBLE. 

grist: |, Corn-ground : farina ; 
frumentum molitum: v. MEAL; TO 
GRIND. Il. Corn for grinding: *fru- 
mentum (ad) molendum. 

gristle ; cartilago, inis, f.: Cels. 
Plin. 

istly ; cartilagineus: Piin. : carti- 

lagindsus: Cels.: Plin. 

grit, grits: |. 2f corn: 1. 
perh. far, farris, n.: barley g.s sprinkled 
with winz, f, hordeaceum vino resper- 
sum, Col. 8, 11, ad fin.: Varr. D). 
(of barley): ptisina. Cels. 2, 18. See 
alsomMEaL. ||, Of sand and gravel: 
glarea cum sabulo mixta Vv. GRAVEL. 

itty ; perh. scriipeus, scruposus 

(full of small stones): V. STONY. 

grizzled; canus, canitiei propior : 
Vv. GRAY. 

groan (.): 1, gémo, ui, itum, 3. 
to mourn and g.on any one’s account, 
pro aliquo lugere, g., Cic.. to g. one’s 
last, extrema g., Virg.: to g. deeply, 
multum g., Phaedr,: also found with 
acc.: to g. over an evil in secret, malum 
oceulte g., Cic. in Sen. 5, extr.: v. TO 
SIGH, BEMOAN. 9. ingémo, ete., 3 (lo 
g. over: with in and abl. ; also dat.) : 
to g. over anything, in aliqua re ing., 


Cic. Ph. 2, 26, init.: to g. over one’s lot, | 


conditioni suae ing., Liv. 36, 28, extr. 
Incept., ingemisco, 3 (with same sense 
and constr.), Cic. Tuse. 5, 27,77 (absol.): 
id. Att. 7,23. See also GROAN (subs.); 
and TO SIGH. 

groan, groaning (subs.) : gémitus, 
tis: howlings and g.s, ejulatus et ¢. 
(plur.), Cic. Harusp. 18, 39: to heave, 
fetch a g., g. ducere, ciere, tollere, dare, 
Virg.; g. edere, petere, Ov. Join: ge- 
mitus et plangor; lamentatio et gemi- 
tus, Cie. 

groats: far, ptisana~ v. GRITS. 

grocer: perh. condimentarius (a 
dealer in condiments: Tert. fig.); or 
tirarius (a dealer in frankincense or 
spices generally): comp. Hor., in vicum 
vendentem tus et odores et piper, etc., 
Ep. 2, 1, 268: v. Foreell. s.v. Ag.’s 
shop, *taberna condimentaria, turaria. 

grocery: perh. merces condimenta- 
riae: or condimenta (‘tus et odores et 
piper, etc.”): v. GROCER. 


groin: |, Lit.: inguen, inis, 7. : 
Ov.: Hor : Cels. Often in pl.: inguina: 


Cels.: Plin. I], As architectural 
term. *fornicum decussatio: Vv. INTER- 
SECTION. 
gromwell : lithospermum  Plin. 
groom (subs.). 1. iigaso, dnis: 
two horses with their g.s, duo equi cum 
a., Liv. 43, 5,,fin. 92, Equiso, dnis (of 
more dignity than preced.): Varr . Val. 
Max.: v. EQUERRY. 8, stabiilarius 
(a keeper of stalls for cattle generally. 
also an innkeeper): Ulp. Dig. 4,9, 1 § 5. 
groom (v. t+ (equum) curo, I 
Sabinus Mass. in Gell. 4, 20, ad jin. 
groove: 1, cinalis, is, m.: Vitr. 
3, § (3), 7 (where a particular groove in 
Tonic capitals is intended). Fig.: to 
run ina certain g., certo c. decurrere, 
Gadull. in Non. 3, 50. Dimin. canali- 
culus, Vitr. Q, stria: v. FLUTING. 
grope: praetento, I (to feel before 
one): deprived of sight, he g.d for his 
road with a staff, ae baculo, 
2 





luminis orbus, iter, Ov. Ib. 258: Tib.- 
v. TO ¥EEL (1). Phr. with one hand 
she g.s about. for her dark way, alter& 
(manu) motu caecum iter explorat, Ov. 
Met. 10, 455° Tib.: he carefully gs his 
way with his hands, praefert cautas 
subsequiturque manus, Ov. F. 2, 336. 
Fig.. tog at noonday, caligare in sole, 
Quint. 1,2,19: te roam and g about for 
the path of life, viam palantes quaerere 
vitae, Lucr. 2, 10. 

gropingly : pédétentim (feeling one's 
way; cautiously): Cic.: ‘ler. (or expr. 
by verb. to walk g along, *praetentando 
({pedibus, manibus, baculo} viam ince- 
dere cf. L.G $541: v. TO GROPE). 

gross: |. Thick: crassus, densus, 
pinguis: v. DENSE. Fig. g ignorance, 
folly, etc., magna, ingens, incredibilis 
ignorantia, etc.: V. GREAT, INCREDIBLE, 
ele. ||. Indelicate: turpis, indécd- 
rus: V. INDECENT. Il. Whole, en- 
tire: chiefly in phr., in the g.,g. amount: 
to take people's opinums im the g., sen- 
tentias [quasi] per saturam exquirere, 
Sall. Jug. 29, fin.: to estimate in the g, 
in universum aestimare, Tac, Agi. 11: 
the g. amount, summa [omnium rerum} 
v. SUM. 

grosely : |. Greatly: graviter, 
véhémenter: Vv. GREATLY, GRIEVOUSLY 

|]. Indecently: turpiter Vv INDE- 

CENTLY. 

grossness: |, Greatness: mag- 
nitido, gravitas: Vv. GREATNESS, HEIN- 
OUSNESS. Il. Indecency: turpitido 
Cic. See also COARSENESS. 

grot, grotto: 1, antrum ’neath 
the pleasant g., grato sub a., Ho. 
stretched out at full length in the ver- 
dant g., viridi projectus in a., Virg. 
miiséum (a g. maile of rock-work) 
36, 21, 42. See also CAVE. 

grotesque: no exact word perh. 
*novus s. mirus et quasi per ludibrium 
compositus: the ape is @ g. creature, 
4simia ridiculum animal et quasi a ludi- 
bunda natura profectum. g. gestures, 
*gestus ridiculi ac distorti. 

grotesquely : *ridicule ac distorte. 
in novum atque ridiculum modum. ¥ 
RIDICULOUSLY. 

grotesqueness : *nova ac ridicula 
forma s. species. 

ground (subs.): J. Lit: the 
earth, soil: 1, hiimus, i, f.: the g. 
dyed with blood, h. infecta sanguine, 
Sall.: Acestes raises his friend from the 
g., Acestes ab h. tollit amicum, Virg. 
humo is also used without prep.: Virg. 
Aen. 3, 3° to sit on the g., bumo sedere, 
Ov. Met. 4, 261: but see infr.: Punic 
g., Punica h., Ov. Esp. on or to the gy 
hiimi: to lie upon the g., h. jacere, Cic. 
a place sunk about 12 feet in the g., 
locus circiter xii. pedes h. depressus, 
| Sall. Cat. 55: to fling one’s body upon 
the g. h. corpus abjicere, Curt. 10, 5, 
med.: to fall to the g., h. procumbere, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 481. 9, sdlum (the 
level g.): to level everything with the g., 
solo omnia aequare, Liv. 24. 47, fin.: @ 
be burnt to the g., ads. exuri, Liv 30, 
26, med.: Cic. 3, terra to fall te 
the g., ad t. accidere, Pl.. to fall to the 
g. from on horseback, decidere in t. ex 
equo, Nep. Eum. 4: to pick up stones 
from the g., saxa de t. tollere, Cic. Caec. 
21, 60. ll. A place Jor an engage- 
ment, etc.: ldcus: to gtve the enemy 
battle on very disadvantageous g., ini- 
quissimo (nostris) |. proelium commit- 
tere, Caes.: to clear the g. for an en- 
campment, 1. purgare ad castra, Liv. 21, 
27, mit. [|]. Position, advantage: in 
phr. to gain or lose g.:_ (i). to gain g.: 

1, hostem commiveo, 2 (lo force 
troops from the ground); tt chanced 
that Junius was the first to gain g. of 
the enemy, prior forte Junius commovit 
h., Liv. 9, 40, med. 2. proficio, féci, 
fectum, 3 (to make progress) : to gain no 
g. in the siege of a town, nihil in oppug- 
natione oppidi p., Caes. B. G. 4, 20, fin. : 
Cic.: to gain much g., multum pr., Nep. 
Eum. fo. 3, serpo, psi, ptum, 3 (it 
non-milit. sense: to make gradual, tr 
sidious, progress: of things not per 
353 


Plin. 








GROUND 


sons): the custum of wrong-doing easily 
gains g., facile s. peccandi consuetudo, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, imit.: the runwur 
gains g., 8 Tumor, Cic. Mur, 21, jfin.: 
Liv, 4, percrebresco, increbresco, 
3 (of customs, rumour, etc.: to gain 
prevalence): V. TO SPREAD. (ii). to lose g. : 
1, inclino, pedem référo (of troops)’ 

Vv. TO GIVE WAY, FALL BACK. ; 
obsdlesco, lévi, létum, 3: (of things) to 
become less prevalent or important : 
this is the only branch of revenue which 
does not lose g. in time of war, hoc unum 
vectigal in bello non obs., Cic. Agr. I, 
4, 21: one was distinguished in war, 
but lost g. (“ fell into the background”) 
in peace, enituit aliquis in bello, sed 
obsolevit in pace, Plin. Pan. 4: see also 
TO DECLINE, DECAY. IV. Region, 
sphere of action: lécus: th’s ts danger- 
ous g. (fig.), anceps hic et lubricus |. est, 
Plin. Ep. 1,8,6: that g. has been cleared 
by me in five books, perpurgatus est is 1. 
a nobis quinque libris, Cic. Div. 2, I, 
init. V.. The basis or ground orl: of 
a picture or tune: *quasi fundamentum 
tabulae s. cantus. Vi. Reason or 
basis of action : 1, causa: you have 
the g.s of my opinion, habes causam 
opinionis meae, Cic.: Vv. REASON. 
ratio, Onis, f.: to defend our own side 
by various arguments and g.s, nostra 
confirmare argumentis ae r., Cic. de Or. 
2, 19, 80. Join: consilii causa ratio- 
que, Cic. Div. Verr. init. 3, locus: 
esp. in pl., when it denotes the grounds 
of proof: Cic. Top. 2, 7, 84- 

ground (v.): fundo, 1: v. TO FOUND, 
ESTABLISH. Phr.: to be well g..d inany 
branch of knowledge, artem aliquam bene 
s. penitus perceptam habere, cf. Cic. Fam. 
7, 19; artis alicujus praecepta cognita 
penitusque perspecta habere, cf. Cic. de 
Or. I, 20, 923 artem aliquam fideliter 
Gidicisse, Ov.: to g. pupils thoroughly 
in grammar, *grammaticae artis fun- 
damenta bene solideque jacere; disci- 
pulos grammaticis rationibus diligenter 
imbuere. 

ground (v. intr.): haereo, 2: 
AGROUND. 

ground-floor: ¢a pars aedificii quae 
plano pede est, instituitur, cf. Vitr. 6, 8 
(11), inié.: cf. id. 7, £, init.: to work on 
the g. (or gen., on the ground, opp. to 
on a storey, contignatio), in plano opns 
favere, Ulp. Dig. 13, 6,5 § 7. (The 
word pedeplana, —quae pede plano sunt, 
belongs to cadens Latinitas: v. Forceli. 
s. v.) Sometimes pavimentum may 
serve: V. PAVEMENT. 

ground-ivy; chimaecissus (xapai- 
xigaos), i, f.: Plin. (*glecoma hedera- 
cea, Linn.). 

groundless: 1. vanus (empty): 
g. fears, v. metus, Hor.: g. confidence, 
v. fides, Virg.: nor was the charge alto- 
gether g., nec tota ex vano criminatio 
erat, Liv. 33, 31, ad init. 9. falsus : 
g. anxiety, t. sollicitudo, Ter. Heaut. 1, 
2, 3: g. terrors, f. terrores, Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 212: Vv. FALSE, 8. fictus, com- 
menticius: Vv. FALSE, IMAGINARY, 4. 
nigatorius (having nothing in it): a 
malicious and g. accusation, mala atque 
n. accusatio, Cic. R. Am. 15,42. Phr.: 
a confidence which certainly was not 
utterly g., fiducia quae non de nihilo 
profecto concepta est, Liv. 30, 29, med. 

groundlessly: 1. falso (strictly, 
on false grounds): to complain g., f. 
queri, Sall. Jug. init.: Cic.: v. FALSELY. 

9, témére: g. (at random, without 

sufficient reason) to believe, t. credere, 
Sall. Cat. 31° Cic. Font. init.: v. RECK- 
LESSLY. 3, ex van0: V. GROUNDLESS 
(1). 4, de uibilo: Pl. Cure. 4, 1, 17: 
comp. preced, art. fin. 

groundlessness: perh. vanitas: v. 
EMPTINESS, HOLLOWNESS. More freq. 
expr. by adj. or phr.: to show the utter 
g. of @ suspicion, *omnino falsam esse 
suspicionem monstrare; ut reapse de 
nihilo profecta sit suspicio manifestum 
facere. 


Vv. 


ground-nut: setum (Egyptian) : 
Plin. 21, 15, 52, (Arachis hypogaea, | 
Linn.) 


354 


| Col. 





GROW 


ground-pine; chamaepeuce (xapa1- 
mevkn), €s, f-: Plin. 
ground-rent: solarium, quod pro 
solo penditur, Ulp. Dig. 43, 8, 2 § 17. 
groundsel;: sénécio, Onis, m.: Plin. 
25, 13, 106 (s. vulgaris, Linn.). 
groundwork: |. Of building: 
substructio: they put out to contract the 
g.s on the Aequimelium [for a market, 
Cic. Div. 2, 17], substructionem super 
Aequimelium locaverunt, Liv. 38, 28: 
Cic. Mil. 20, 53 (pl.): Vitr. 6, 8 (11), 5: 
see also FOUNDATION. ll. Fig.: the 
basis of an argument, etc.: fundamen- 
tum: the beginning and g. of a defence, 
initium ac f. defensionis, Cic. Clu. 10, 30. 
group (subs.): |. Of persons: iL, 
globus (a body of men collected for what- 
ever purpose: not in Cic.): the g. of 
people round Fabius, circa Fabium g., 
Liv. 8, 32, ad jfin.: Tac. 9. circilus 
(“a Knot” of people): they talked (of 
it) in the market-places and where g.s 
of people were assembled, per fora et c. 
Jocuti sunt, Tac. Agr. 43: he withdrew 
himself from the g., de c. se subduxit, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, ad init.: to be sur- 
rounded by a large g. (of auditors), 
magno coronari c., Mart. 10,62. Hence, 
in g.s, circulatim, Suet.: to form g.s 
(for conversation), circulari, Caes. B. C. 
1, 64, ad init. |]. 4 combination of 
figures in art: 1, symplegma, Atis, 
n.: Plin. 36, 5,4 § 6. 2. turma (@ 
g. of equestriun statues): Cic. Att. 
6, I, 14. 
group (¥.): |. Trans.: to ar- 
range figures, etc., in a work of art: 
dispono, 3: Vv. TO ARRANGE. Il, In- 
trans.: to gather in groups: circilor, 
1: Caes.: v. GROUP (1). 
grouping (subs.): dispositio: Apelles 
was inferior to Amphion in g., Apelles 
cedebat Amphioni de d., Plin. 35, 10, 36 
§ 10: Vv. ARRANGEMENT. 
grouse: 1, lagopis, pddis, Plin. 
9. tetrao, onis, Plin. (generic term, 
Linn.). 
grove: 1, lacus, i,m. (@ sacred 
g.): Alban hills and g., Albani tumuli 
atque 1. Cic.: a sacred g. surrounded 
by a dense forest, 1. frequenti silva sep- 
tus, Liv. 24, 3, itt. 9. némus, Oris, 
n. (woodland with pastures): a cool g., 
gelidum u., Hor.: Cic.: v. WOOD. 3; 
silva (strictly a forest): the g.s of Aca- 
demus, s. Academi, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 45. 
grovel: perh. serpo, psi, ptum, 3: 
comp. Hor. A. P. 28, serpit humi tutus 
nimium, etc.: chiefly used in particip. 
form: v. foll. art. 
grovelling (adj.) : 1, humilis, 
e: g. caves, h. [et sordidae] curae, Plin. 
Ep. 1,3, 3: @ g. and anything but ge- 
nerous origin of friendship, h. et mi- 
nime generosus ortus amicitiae, Cic. 
Am. 9, 29: a g. and feeble spirit, h. 
animus imbecillusque, Cic. Fin. I, 15, 
49: to descend to most g. entreaties, ad 
humillimas devolvi preces, Suet. : “Luc. 
2, abjectus (mean-spirited, with- 
out elevation): esp. with another epith. : 
J oin: nibil humile, nihil ab. [cogitare], 
Cic. Fin. 5, 20, 57: contemptus et ab., 
Cic. Clu. 34, 94. 3. sordidus: v. SOR- 
DID, MEAN. 4, summissus (beneath 
one’s dignity): g. flattery, s. adulatio, 
Quint. 11,1, 30. Join: humilis, sum- 
missus, abjectus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 30, 64. 
5, turpis: v. BASE. 6, servilis, 
e: g. tasks, s. officia, Sall.: v. SERVILE. 
grow: A, Intr.: |. To increase 
by g.ing: 1. cresco, crévi, cretum, 
3 (of all kinds of growth): trees g., ar- 
bores c., Lucr.: infants g., infantes c., 
Quint.: Atlas grew to an immense size, 
A. crevit in immensum, Ov.: Cic. In 
same sense also incresco: @ person who 
is g.ing most needs food, maxime cibo 
eget qui increscit, Cels. 1, 3, ad fin.: 
2. augeor, augesco: v. TO IN- 
CREASE. 3, addlesco, levi, adultum, 
3 (to g. to maturity): an herbaceous 
verdure which g.s gradually, viriditas 
herbescens, quae sensim a., Cic. Sen. 15, 
51: until the hair should g., quoad ca- 
pillus adolesceret, Gell. 17, 9, .fin.: to g. 
in size or thickness, a. in amplitudinem, 








GROW UP 


crassitudinem, Plin. 4, nascor, na- 
tus, 3 (to be produced: of vegetables) : 
mistletoe g.s upon the fir, viscum in 
abiete n., Plin. 16, 44. 93: (the branch) 
on which the grapes g., unde n. uvae, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 31, init.: hazels g. from 
slips, plantis coryli n., Virg. G. 2, 65. 

5, promitto, misi, missum, 3 (with 
pron. refl. or as pass.=to shoot up): 
nor does any tree g. more rapidly, nec 
ulla arborum avidius se p., Plin. 16, 26, 
44. Also act.=to let g., esp. to allow 
to g. long or wild: to let boughs g. 
longer, ramos longius p., Col. 5, 6, ad 
init.: to let the hair or beard g. long, 
capillam, barbam, p., Liv. 6, 16. Simly, 
immitto, 3: that vine is let g. without 
pruning for producing grapes, ea vitis 
immittitur ad pariendas uvas, Varr. 
R.R. 1, 31: Virg. Aen. 3, 593. Phr.: 
the place where franicincense g.s, ubi tus 
gignitur, Pl. Trin. 4, 2, 89: everything 
which g.s in the earth, omnia quae terra 
gignit, Cic. N. D. 1,2,4: Vv. TO PRODUCE. 

I]. Zo become: fio, factus, fiéri: v. 
TO BECOME. (N.B.—To grow with an 
adj. may often be expr. by an incept. 
verb: e. g. to g. light, liicesco, liicisco ; 
to g. black, white, green, nigresco, al- 
besco, viresco: see the respective adjj.) 

B. Trans: |. 20 cultivate : 
8éro, sevi, satum, 3: g. no tree in prre- 
Jerence to the sacred vine, nullam sacra 
vite prius severis arborem, Hor. Od. 1, 
18, 1; the mistletoe is incapable of being 
gnin any way, viscum omnino satum 
nullo modo nascitur, Plin. 16, 44, 93 
Vv. TO CULTIVATE, PLANT. ff, To suffer 
to grow; e.g. haix: promitto, immitto, 
3: v. supr. A (5). 

grow again: 1. rénascor, natus, 
3: of feathers, Cic. Att. 4, 2, ad fin.: 
of teeth, Plin. 11, 37, 64: Hor. oO} 
recresco, 3: sprouts g.ing up again, 
suboles [accisis stirpibus] recrescens, 
Liv. 26, 41, fin.: bones g. again, ossa 
r., Plin. 

—jnoron: 1. incresco, 3 (with 
dat.): scales g. upon the skin, squamae 
cuti in, Ov. M. 4, 577: Plin. (Not 
accresco in this sense.) 2. adnascor 
(agn.), 3 (to g. attached to: with dat.): 
to g. upon trees (of the mistletoe), adn. 
arboribus, Plin. 16, 44, 93: Gell.: see 
also TO Grow (A, I, 4). 3. innascor, 
3 (to g.vooted in: with dat., or in and 
abl.): Hor. S. 1, 3, 37: Plin. 
out: excresco, 3 (of morbid 
growths on the body): Suet. Gal. 21° 
Plin.: see also TO GROW UP. 

—- out of: |. Lit.: as to g. out 
of a wall: expr. by innascor, adnascor 
(lit. to g. in or on): v.preced. art. [J 
Fig.: toarise from: 1, Orior, ortus, 
4 (to originate in): Cic.: Vv. TO ARISE 
FROM. Q, nascor: Vv. TO SPRING FROM. 

— round: circumnascor, 3: Plin. 
2, 103, 106 (but lan. reads circa nas- 
cente). 

— together: c0ilesco, alui, ali- 
tum, 3: the edge of the eyelid when 
opened by a gash does not g. together, 
cilium aliquo vulnere diductum non c., 
Plin. 11, 37, 57- (Coneresco is to be- 
come consolidated: v. TO CURDLE, 
FREEZE.) See also TO COALESCE, UNITE. 
Dp: 1, addlesco, lévi, adul- 
tum, 3 (to attain to maturity): whom 
the children have g.n up, quum liberi 
adoleverint, Caes.: a g.n-up maiden, 
adulta virgo, Liv.: see also TO GROW (A, 
13): 2, pibesco, 3 (strictly to arrive 
at puberty): Hercules when he was just 
g.ing up to be a man, H. quum primum 
pubesceret, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118: things 
which spring out of the earth g. up and 
attain to maturity, p. maturitatemque 
assequuntur quae oriuntur e terra, Cic, 
NeaDn ae 4s 3, excresco, 3 (to g. 
to a height): more fully, in longitudi- 
nem [altitudinem] ex., Plin. 16, 30, 54: 
they g. up into these (stalwart) bodies 
which we wonder at, in haec corpora 
quae miramur excrescunt, Tac. G. 20, 
init. 4, succresco (strictly to g. up 
trom under): comp. Cels. 7, 7, 8, piloe 
rum alius ordo s., Cels. Also fig. tog 
to a level with (with dat.): Cic.: Liv. 








GROWER 


a 


5, accresco, 3: to g. up with ad- 
vancing years (of friendship), cum 
aetate ac. simul, Ter. And. 3, 3 7. 

grower: cultor. v. CULTIVATOR. 
(Or expr. by part. v. TO GROW, trans.) 

growing (subs.): cultira: v. CULTI- 
VATION. (Or expr. by verb: v. TO 
Grow, B.) 

growl (v.): 1. frémo, ui, itum, 3 
(used of other similar sounds): the wolf 
g.s at the entrance of the fold, lupus ad 
caulas f., Virg. tigers g., tigres t., Val. 
FL sv. TO ROAR. 2. ogganio, 4 (to 
snarl or g. at» rare). to order and g. at 
one, (alicui) imperare atque og., Pl. As. 
2, 4,16; Apul. 

grow] (sws.): frémitus, ts, m. (any 
deep, harsh, sound): Col.: Plin,: v. 
ROAR. 

grown or grown up: 1, adul- 
tus: Vv. ADULT (adj.). 2. grandis, e. 
a g.-up boy, g. puer, Cic. in Pis. 36, 87: 
ef. Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 39, virginem tam gran- 
dem: Hor.: also=advanced wn years: 
Cic. 3, piibes and piber, Gris (ar- 
rived at puberty): before he was g.-up, 
ae puber (al. pubes) esset, Nep. 

on, 4: Liv.: v. aDULT (subs.). 4. 
as collect. subs. pibes, is, f. (the aggre- 
gate of g. persons): all the g.-up youth 
of Italy, omnis Italiae p., Cic.. Virg. : 
Tac.: v. YOUTH. 

growth: 1, incrémentum: the 
planting, rise, g. of vines, vitium satus, 
ortus, incrementa, Cic. Sen. 15, 52: Col. 
has the word freq., but—size (. V.): 
Vv. INCREASE. 9, auctus, is, m.: v. 
INCREASE. Phr.: Full g., maturitas (v. 
MATURITY): toreach full g.,ad justam 
magnitudinem adolescere, Quint. 8, 5, 
26; finem crescendi capere, Plin.: to 
promote the g. of the mind, mentem 
alere, Cic. (v. TO NOURISH) ; of this year’s 
g., hornus: as h. fruges, Hor. Od. 3, 23, 
4: care follows the g. of wealth, crescen- 
tem sequitur cura pecuniam, Hor. Od. 
3, 16, 17 (to describe) the origin and g. 
of an empire, (scribere) quibus artibus 
et partum et auctum imperium sit, Liv. 
pref. med.: it is incredible how rapid 
was the g. of the commonwealth, civitas 
incredibile est quantum brevi creverit, 
Sall. Cat.7: tohave a gradual g., paul- 
latim crescere, Sall.: v. To Grow. 

grub (subs.): vermes, vermicilus: v. 
MAGGOT. As Scient. ¢. ¢., *larva. 

grub (v.): 1, runco, 1: to g. up 
thorns, spinas r., Cato R. R. 2, med.: v. 


TO WEED. 9. Griio, 3: v. TO ROOT UP. 
bbing-hoe: runco, Onis, m.: 
Pall.: v. HOE. 


grudge (v.): , invideo, vidi, 
sum, 2 (usu. with dat. of person and 
abt. of thing): they have not even g.d 
us the spectucle of a battle, ne specta- 
culo quidem proelii (nobis) inviderunt, 
Tac. G. 33: Cic:: v. TO ENVY. Rarely 
with gen.: nor did he g. the stored 
vetch, neque ille sepositi ciceris invidit, 
Hor. S. 2, 6,84. (N.B.—Besides the dat. 
of person, an acc. of neut. pron. may be 
added, neque hoc tibi invideo, ete. : 
L. G. § 253.) 2. gravor, 1 (to make 
objections to doing a thing: with inf.) : 
to g. any one a letter, g. literas ad ali- 
quem dare, Cic. Fam. 7, 14: v. TO RE- 
FUSE, OBJECT TO. 8. parco, péperci 
and parsi, parcitum and parsum, 3 (with 
dat.): not to g. expense or labowr, non 
impensae nec labori p., Liv.: Cic.: v. 
TO SPARE. 

grudge (subs): 1. simultas (of- 
fended feeling ; animosity): to give up 
@ g. against one, 8. cum aliquo deponere, 
Cic. PL 31, fin.; 8. ponere, Liv. 27, 35: 
to cherish g.s, 8. nutrire, Tac. H. 3, 53, 
extr.: V. FEUD. 2, inimicitia (esp. 
pl.: any unfriendly feeling): there was 
a notable g. between them, in. nobiles 
inter eos erant, Liv 27, 35: to conceive 
ag. against any one, inimicitias capere 
in aliquem, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 23: Cic.: v. 
ANIMOSITY. 3, dolor (resentment) : 
nor had the bitter g. faded from her 
mind, nec suevi dolores exciderant 
animo, Virg. Aen. 1, 25: V. RESENT- 
MENT. 4, injiiria: cf. Virg. Aen. 1, 
27, spretae injuria formae. Phr.: to 





for security: 





GUARD 


GUARD 





owe a g. against any one: succensére ! g. of the province, propugnaculum p.que 
alicui, Cic. de Or. 3, 20, 75 (¥v. ANGRY, TO | provinciae, Cic. Verr. 3, 80, 186: Vv. 
LE): having a private g against any one, | 


privatim alicui infestus, Liv. 9, 38, med. 

grudgingly : 1, invitus (in agr. 
with subject: L.G § 343) Vv. UNWIL- 
LINGLY. 2. mialigné (ungenerouscy, 
stingily): to praise g., m. laudare, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 1,209: Cic. 3, grivaté (masking 
a burden of a favour): handsomely, not 
g. benigne non gr., Cic. Bal. 16, 36. 
[he same seuse may be expr. by p. 
part. ot gravor: by no means g., Won 
(nil) gravatus, Varr. RK. R. 1, 3: Vv. TO 
GRUDGE (2). 

gruel: 1, pulticiila: cf. Cels. 2, 
30. (Puls, pultis, appears to have been 
porridge : cl. Plin. 18, 8, 19, where it is 
stated to have been the original food of 
[taly.) 2 ptisina (a kind of g. 
made from barley): Plin. 18, 7, 15: also 
called ptisanarium: used by Hor. of a 
kind ot 7ice-gruel, pt. oryzae, Sat. 2, 3, 
155. 8, alfca (strictly, a kind of 


grain: but also used of sundry decoc- 


tions made from it): ef. Plin. 22, 25, 61: 
Cels. 4, crémor, Oris, m. (strictly, 
the curd of milk: hence of any thick, 
gruel-like fluid): a thick g.,c. crassus, 


Cato, R. R. 86: Veg. 


gruelly :; *cremoris naturam habens: 
V. GRUEL (4). 
gruff; asper: Vv. ROUGH, HARSH. 
y; aspéré: v. HARSHLY. 
gruffness: aspéritas: v. HARSHNESS. 
grumble: 1, musso, 1 (in @ sup- 


pressed tone): they g.d and asked one 


another whether, etc., mussantes inter 
se rogitabant num..., Liv. 4, 25, init. : 
to g. and find fault with anything, clam 
mussantes aliquid carpere, Liv. 33, 31, 
init.: Pl. (Not mussito, which is to 
hold one’s tongue.) 2. murmiiro, 1: 
v. TO MURMUR. See also TO COMPLAIN. 

grumbler ; homo quérilus [ac moro- 
sus}: V. QUERULOUS, DISCONTENTED. 

grumblingly : expr. by pres. part. 
mussans: V. TO GRUMBLE. 

grumpy : difficilis, stomachosus: v. 
ILL-TEMPERED. 

grunt (v.): grunnio or grundio, 4: 
Juv.: Plin. 

grunt (subs.): grunnitus, us: Cic. 

gryphon: gryps: V. GRIFFIN. 

guano: genus avium = stercorum 
quod guano dicitur. 

guarantee: . An engagement 
1. fides, Gi, f.: to give 
any one a g., esp. for personal safety, 
f. alicui dare, Cic. C. Rab. 10, 28; simly, 
to receive a g., f. accipere, Liv. : see also 
foll. art.. v. SECURITY, PROMISE. P. 
satisdatio (legal): contracts which re- 
quire a g. (as opp. to those in which a 
verbal engagement suffices), stipula- 
tiones quae s. exigunt, Gai. Dig. 2, 8, 1: 
instead of the abl. of satisdatio the par- 
ticipial form satisdato is generally used : 
by a g., or by pledges taken, satisdato, 
aut pignoribus datis, Ulp. Dig. 40, 5, 4, 
§ 8: v.sEcuRITY. — |], The person gua- 
ranteeing : vas, vidis; praes: Vv. SURETY. 

guarantee (v.): 1, fidem alicui 
do, interpono: he g.d him that (viz. that 
he should suffer no harm), in eam rem 
se f. suam interponere, Caes. B. G. 5, 36: 
Vv. GUARANTEE (subs.). 2. intercédo, 
ssi, ssum, 3 (esp. in money matters): to 
g.a@ person for alarge sum of money 
(i. e. to become security for him), pro 
aliquo magnam pecuniam int., Cic. Att. 
1,6, 4. 8, satisdo (or satis do), 1, tr. 
(legal term): to g. the payment of the 
legacies before entering on an inherit- 
ance, ante aditam hereditatem s. de le- 
gatis, Ulp. 36, 3, 4 § 4: Cic.: comp. 
preced. art. (I, 2). 

guard (swbs.) : |. Defence, pro- 
tection: 1, custddia (most gen. term): 
they left 6000 men for the g. and defence 
of that baggage, lis impedimentis cus- 
todiae ac praesidio sex millia hominum 
reliquerunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 29: Cic.* to 
mount g. over the city, c. urbis agere, 
Liv. 5, 10, med.; c. agitare, Pl. Rud. 3, 
6, 20: v. cuSTODY. 9, tiléla: v. 
PROTECTION, GUARDIANSHIP. —_3,_ prue- 


| 








tra et diligenter detendere, Caes. B. C. 3, 


} 
| 


} 





PROTECTION. Phr.: (i). to mount g.: 
(1). custodiam ago : v. supr. (1). (2). ex- 
cibias ago (by night and ly day: esp 
as a mark of honour to a person of 
vank): Tac. H. 4, 58: iu same sense, 
ex. servare, Tac. A. 13, 18. (3). expr 
by statio and a verb (esp. of picquets 
or outposts): those who were on g. in 
front of the camp, qui erant in s. pro 
castris collocati, Cues. B. G. 5, 15: to 
mount g. in the camp, 8. in castris 
agere, Tac. H. 1, 28, 29: g. was mounted 
before the gates, stationes ante portas 
dispositae, Liv.: v, PICQUET. (4). exctibo, 
ui, itum, 1 (=excubias ago, supr.): two 
legions continually mounted g. in front 
g@ the camp, duae semper legiones pro 
castris excubabant, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: to 
mount g. before the lcing’s tent, ad prae- 
torium ex., Curt. 6, 8, ad jin. (5). vigi- 
lo, 1 (only of night-wutching): v. To 
WATCH (cf. Curt. lc). (ii). to be on 
one’s guard; in non-milit. sense: (1). 
cAveo, cavi, cautum, 2 (with ace. of that 
against which) : to be on one's g. against 
everything, omnia c., Cic.: also with 
prep. ab and abl.: to be on one’s 9. 
against poison, c. a veneno, Cic. Fin. 
5, 22, fin.s Vv. TO BEWAKE OF. (2). 
praeciveo (to be on one's g. beforehand: 
constr. same as simple verb): to be on 
one’s g. lest anything happen, p. ne 
quid accidat, Caes. Phr.: be well on 
your g., hance rem age! Pl. (ili). off 
one’sg.: (1). incautus: Trebonius when 
off his g. was overpowered by the enemy, 
T. oppressus est ab hoste incautus, Cic. 
Ph. 11, 2, 5: to surprise any one when 
off his g.,in aliquem incautum [atque 
imparatum] incidere, Caes. B. G. 6, 30. 
(2). impriidens, ntis: to attack the enemy 
when off their g. and not expecting it, 
im. atque inopinantes hostes aggredi, 
Caes. B.C. 2, 38; imparatos im.que of- 
fendere, Nep. Ages. 2. I]. The person 
or persons employed to guard: rt 
custos, ddis, c, (most general term): to 
place g.s over any one, alicui c. ponere, 
Caes.: g. and defender of the province, 
c. defensorque provinciae, Cic.: the g.s 
of one’s person, custodes corporis, Nep. 
Fig.: laws the most careful y.s of mo- 
desty, leges diligentissimae pudoris*c., 
Quint.: Vv. GUARDIAN. 2. satelles, 
itis (of a person of rank): Vv. BODY- 
GUARD. 8, custoddia (abstr. for concr.: 
a body of men acting as sentries or g.8) : 
they could not cross over unobserved on 
account of the y.s, clam transire propter 
custodias non poterant, Caes. B. G, 4, 4. 
Join: praesidiis, custodiis, vigiliis 
{munitus], Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 8. 4, prae- 
sidium (a body of men protecting a 
place) : to station g.s and picquets, prae- 
sidia custodiasque disponere, Caes. * Cic.. * 
Vv. GARRISON. 5, statio: v. PICQUET, 
ourrost. 6, Vigiliae, arum (a nightly 
watch): V. WATCH, SENTRY. 7. ex- 
clibiae, arum (keeping watch both by 
night and by day): to pass through the 
g.s (by night), excubias transire, Tac. 
A. 14, 44- I]. In fencing: a posture 
of defence. Phr.: *stitus s. gestus ad 
defendendos ictus aptus: to have a good 
g., *habilem ad defendendos ictus esse. 


IV. Of @ cutting instrument (to 
protect the user): (?) scitiium ma- 
nuale. 


guard (v.): 1. custidio, 4 (in 
most senses): to g. the sea-coast with 
twenty ships of war, maritimam oram 
viginti navibus longis c., Liv.: to g.a 
province, provinciam c., Cic.. fo g. any 
one from injury, c. aliquem ab injuria, 
Quint.: to form and g. modesty, pudor- 
em formare et c., Quint 2. tuéor, 
tilltus, 2 (to look to and defend): to g. 
acamp and carefully defend it, t. cas- 


93: to g. a house against thieves, do- 
mum a furibus t., Phaedr. 3, 7, 10: Cic.: 
Vv. TO DEFEND, MAINTAIN. Frequent. 
tiitor, 1 (to guard habitually, atten- 
tively): v. TO PKoTECT. 8, praesideo, 
sédi, 2 (to be entrusted with the safety 


sidium (strictly military): defence and | uf: with dat. ; also later, auw.): tog. the 


355 


GUARD AGAINST 


GUILD 


GUINEA-FOWL 


eee ee ee ee 


capital, urbi p., Liv 22, 11, extr : Cic.: to 
g- the coast of Gaul, Galliae litus p., 
Tac. 4, 5, init. See alse preced. art. 
Ci, Phr.). ’ 
guard against: caveo, praecaveo: 
VY GUARD, subs. (1, Phr ). 
rded (adj.): cautus, circumspec- 
tuS V CAUTIOUS, CIRCUMSPECT 
guardedly ; cauté, circumspecte v. 
CAUTIOUSLY CIRCUMSPECTLY. 
guardian : |. Any one who 
guards : 1, custos, ddis, c., g. of the 
empire, c. rerum, Hor Od. 4, 15, 17- 
Join: praeses custosque [libertatis], 
Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15. custos defensorque 
[provinciae] Cic. Verr. 5, 6, init.: c. et 
conservator Curbis}, Cic. Sext. 24, 53. 
Q. praeses, idis, c.. esp. with custos: 
Cic.. v. supr.: g. deities, p. dii, Tac. H. 
4, 53. 8. défensor, propugnator: v. 
DEFENDER, CHAMPION. 4, tutor (more 
usu. in sense II.): Silvanus, g. of boun- 
daries, Silvane, t. finium, Hor. Epod. 2, 
22: Suet. 5, by meton., tiitéla, prae- 
sidium (poet.): (Philemon and Baucis) 
were the g.s of the temple, templi tutela 
fuere, Ov. Met. 8, 711: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 
I, init., praesidium et decus (Maece- 
nas): Sen.: Vv. PROTECTION. Ul. The 
curator of & minor: 1, tutor: to 
appoint a g.to orphan children, t. insti- 
tuere liberorum orbitati, Cic. de Or. 1, 
53, 228; constituere, Just. 13, 2, extr.: 
to act as g.toa minor, tutorem pupilli 
agere, Just. 1, 5, extr.: without the au- 
thority of one’s g., sine tutore auctore, 
Cic. Caec. 25, 72. A joint-g., contutor, 
Ulp.: a female g. (unknown in earlier 
times), tutrix, Cod. Just. 9, auctor 
(ot strictly a g., but a legally vespon- 
sible person): v. supr. (1): ef. Liv. 34, 
2, med., sine auctore agere: Dig. 3. 
curator (of insane persons; also of pu- 
beres under 25 years of age: v. Dict. 
Ant. s. v.). to be in want of a g. as- 
signed by the praetor, i.e. to be mad, 
c. egere a praetore dati, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 102: 
Dig. 4, rector: cf. Suet. Aug. 48: 
v. REGENT 
guardianship: |. Care, defence: 
1, custodia ; the strict g. of mothers, 
dura c. matrum, Hor.: Cic.: v. GUARD 
(subs.). 9. titéla, fides, etc.: v. Pko- 
TECTION.  §, expr. by custos, praeses: 
under thy g., te custode, Hor.; te prae- 
side et custode [rerum]: v. GUARDIAN 
(1). ‘|. _In legal sense- 1, titéla 
(of a minor or a woman): lawful g., 
t. legitima, Cic.: to exercise g., t. gerere, 
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85 to entrust the g. of 
one’s sons to any one, (filiorum) t. alicui 
committere, Just. 4, 2: to accept it, t. 
in se recipere, Just. 28, 1, init.: to be 
acquitted on a charge of mismanage- 
ment in g., turpi t. liberari, Cic. de Or. 
1, 36, 166. 9. ciiratio (of the insane, 
etc. (v. GUARDIAN II, 2): the g. of an 
insane mother, furiosae matris c., Ulp. 
Dig. 27, 10, 4: to attend to such a func- 
tion, c. administrare, Papin. Dig. 27, 1, 30. 
3, ciira (—curatio) to exercise g., 
tutelam vel c. administrare, Ulp. Dig. 
5, 1,1 
eudeegn : perh. gobius or gobio, nis 
Ov.: Plin. (*cyprinus gobio, Linn.). 


guerdon: praemium, mercer: v. 
REWARD, HIRE. s 
guess (v.): 1, conjicio, jéci, jectum, 


3 (to put things together and draw an 
inference): V. TO INFER, CONJECTURE. 
Frequent., conjecto; denoting tentative 
action: try to g. the way, c. iter, Liv. 
21, 35, med. Q. divino, t (strictly, to 
divine, foretell: perhaps the nearest 
word to the English): no one could g. 
that you would accuse, neque quisquam 
d. poterat te postulaturum, Cic. Quint. 
19,60 tog. the number (of fingers held 
up), numerum 4d., Forcell. s. v. mico. 
3, augiiror, 1- Vv. TO CONJECTURE, 
FOREBODE. 4, suspicor, 1 (implying 
grounds for surmise): as far as I can 
g., quantum ego s., Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 62: 
V. TO SUSPECT, SURMISE. 
guess (subs.): conjectiira. v. TO CON- 
JECTURE, 
_ guest: 
home : 


356 


|. One who is lodging from 
1, hospes, itis, m, f. bospita 


(the g. of a friend: also in gen. sense, 
a foreign friend): to receive a g., h. 
recipere, Cic.: a@ man of many g.s (an 
inn-keeper), homo multorum h., Cic. Clu. 
59, 163: ag. who is a great joker, not a 
great eater, non multi cibi h., multi joci, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 26, extr. 2, adventor : 
used by Apul. of the g.s of an inn- 
keeper~ Met. Th Phr.: tobea g., hos- 
pitor, 1: Cod. Theod.. cf. Sen. Ep. 31, 
jim., deum in humano corpore hospitan- 
tem, deity dwelling as a g. within the 
human body: a g.-chamber, hospitale 
cubiculum, Liv. 1, 58, init.; also hospi- 
tium, Suet. Ner. 47: the murder of a g., 
hospitalis caedes, Liv. 25,18, med. I. 
One who is present at an entertainment : 
1, conviva: a well-satisfied g., ¢. 
satur, Hor. S. 1, 1, 119: (Pelops) g. at 
the table of the gods, c. deorum, Hor. 
Od. 1, 28, 7: Cic. (Also the subs. con- 
vivium is used [meton.] in later writers 
for the guests: the gs become silent, 
conticescere convivia, Plin. 28, 2, § § 27: 
Sen.) 9. umbra (an uninvited g., 
brought by one of the company): Hor. 
S.2,8,22: Pl. Phr.: tobe ag. (attend 
an entertainment), convivari, Cic.: Suet.: 
one who is a daily g. of another, convic- 

tor, Hor. S. 1, 4, 96. Suet. 
guest-chamber: v. eves (L,, fin.). 
guidance: 1. expr. by dux, auc- 
tor: under the g. and auspices of Teucer, 
Teucro duce et auspice Teucro, Hor. 
Od. 1. 7. 27: to follow the g. of nature, 
naturam sequi ducem, Cic. Sen. 2, 5: to 
afford one’s g. to good citizens, bonis 
auctorem, [principem, ducem] se prae- 
bere, Cic. Fam. 10, 6: dux, auctor, are 
often joined. v. GUIDE. 2, ductus, 
is (in this sense prob. only in abl. 
sing.: chiefly in milit. sense): Vv. GENE- 
RALSHIP. 3. expr. by verb: under 
the g. of the deity, ducente dev, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 632: v. TO LEAD. 4, cen- 
|silium: had my g. been followed, si 
meum consilium auctoritasque valuisset, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 15, init.: to follow any one’s 
g., alicujus consiliis uti: Vv. COUNSEL, 

ADVICE. 

guide (subs.) - |. Lit.: a g.toa 
ee 1. dux, diicis, c.: every one 
began to be his own g., sibi quisque dux 
itineris fieri coeperat, Curt. 5, 4, ad fin. : 
in this sense, viae, itineris, 07 locorum 
are usu. added, when the context renders 
it necessary: thus, Mercury is called 
viarum atque itinerum d., Caes. B. G. 6, 
17: cf. Liv. 9, 5, med. 2, perductor 
(ag over a place), Pl.: cf. TO GUIDE (3). 
(N.B.—Not ductor ; which is leader, 
commander : q. V.) Il. Fig.: one 
who exercises superintendence : : 
of the 





dux: g. in the management 
state, dux regendae civitatis, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 17, 63: to make reason one’s g 
in doing a thing, ad rem gerendam ra- 
tionem d. habere, Cic. Div. 2, 40, 83. 

2, auctor (adviser): g. in public 
policy, a. publici consilii, Cic. de Or. 3, 
17, 63: often joined with dux, Cic.: v. 





ADVISER; GUIDANCE. 3, rector: v. 
DIRECTOR, GOVERNOR. 
guide (v.): |. To act as a (local) 


guide: duco, xi, ctum, 3: V. TO LEAD. 
Simly, perduco, to g. or lead home, Virg. 
Frequent., perducto to g. 
any one through a house, aliquem (per 
aedes) perd., Pl. Most. 3, 2, 162. Simly, 
deduco (=perduco) . to g. any one to a 
spring, ad fontem d. aliquem. Juv. 14, 
104. I]. Zo manage, control : i 
régo, xi, ctum, 3: to g.a person’s hand 
in writing, (scribentis) manum manu 
superimposita r., Quint. I, 1, 27; V TO 
DIRECT, GOVERN. 9. giberno, I v. 
TO conTROL. Phr.: to be g.d by any 
one’s advice, alicujus consilio uti (v. TO 
FOLLOW): to be g.d by circumstances 
in jorming one’s plans, ad tempus (ex 
Te) consilium capere, Cic. Fam. 10, 9. jin. 
guide-post; *cippus ad viam indic- 
andam defixus. 
guider: dux: v GUIDE. 
guild: i.e. a society or corporation : 
1 colléginm: the g. of bakers, c. 
pistorum, Gai. Dig. 3, 4, 1° of carpen- 
ters, fabrorum, Plin. Ep, 10, 35 (42), jin. 


ne ’ 








2. corpus, dris- the g of wine- 
merchants, vinariorum c., Lampr. Sever. 
33: to form a g., corpus habere, Gai. 
Dig. 1. c. 3. sdciétas (applicable also 
to a partnership or firm): Gai. Dig. 1. ¢. 

4, iniversitas (a corporate body) : 
cf. Ulp. 3, 4, 7- 

guild-hall: prytinéum (of Greek 
cities), conciliabiium: v. TOWN-HALL. 

guile; délus: v. CUNNING (subs.). 

guileful: ddl0sus: v. CRAFTY, CUN- 
NING. 

guileless: 1, simplex, icis: a g. 
and friendly disposition, animus s. 
et amicus, Matius in Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 
jim.: Hor.: v. smmpLe. (As more ex- 
pressive, Cic. uses the Gk. word ageAyjs, 
Att. 1, 18.) 2, candidus: v. CANDID. 

8, sincérus~ v. SINCERE, HONEST. 

guilelessly : Simpliciter: v. FRANKLY, 

guilelessness: simplicitas: v. sm- 
PLICITY. 

guillotine (subs.) : nearest word, séc- 
uris, is, f.: Vv. TO BEHEAD. 

guilt: i.e. criminality; esp. in an 
intense sense: J], noxa (general term: 
noxae appellatione omne delictum con- 
tinetur, Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 238): to be in- 
volved in any g., in aliqua n. esse, Liv. 
32, 26, fin.: Caes.: V. OFFENCE, OA 
scélus, éris, n. (any atrocious crime) 
the sense of the Eng. may often be best 
conveyed by means of the pil. (cf. L. G. 
§ 591): a8, @ man overwhelmed with 
abominable g., homo nefariis s. cooper- 
tus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4,9: to pollute the 
name of the Roman people with g., 
nomen P. R. scelere contaminare, Cic. 
Harusp. 16, fin. : V. WICKEDNESS, FE 
culpa (less strong than the Eng.): v. 
BLAME, FAULT, 4. crimen, inis, 7. 
(strictly, a@ charge, accusation): to be- 
tray one’s g. by looks, c. prodere vultu, 
Ov.: Suet. Phr.: to be pronounced free 
from g., absolvi, liberari: v. TO ACQUIT. 

guiltily: scélératé: v. WICKEDLY. 

guiltiness: Vv. GUILT, WICKEDNEsS. 

guiltless: inndcens, innoxius, in- 
sons: V. INNOCENT. 

guiltlessly: 1. casté. v. CHASTELY, 
PURELY. Q, pure: alife spent quietly 
and g., quiete, p., acta aetas, Cic. Sen. 5, 
13. 3, sancté: v. IRREPROACHABLY. 

guilty: 1, sons, sontis (esp. in 
iegal sense: usu. absol.): to condemn g., 
accused persons, 8. condemnare reos, Pl. 
esp. in pl. as subs.: to punish the g., 
sontes punire, Cic.: the arrest of g. per- 
sons, comprehensio sontium, Cic. Phil. 
2, 8, 18: g. of a brother s blood, fraterno 
sanguine s., Ov. Met. 11, 268. OF 
noxius (general legal term: absol., or 
with abl. or gen.): g. of the same crime, 
eodem crimine n., Liv. 7, 20, fin.: g. of 
conspiracy, n. conjurationis, Tac. Ann. 
5, 11: to pronounce any one g, aliquem 
n. judicare, Liv. 39, 41, extr. 3 
nocens, ntis (usu. in moral sense): to 
defend a g. person, n. defendere, Cic. 
Off. 2,14, 51. no g. man is acquitted at 
the bar of his own conscience, se judice 
nemo n. absolvitur, Juv. 13, 3: a most 
g. triumph, nocentissima victoria, Cic. 
Verr. Act. I, 14, 41. 4. scélératus 
(polluted, covered with guilt): Cic.: 
Caes.: V. WICKED, ACCURSED. Phr.: 
to become g. of a crime, facinus, culpam 
in se admittere (or without the ad se), 
Cic. (v. TC COMMIT); Se (Magno) scelere 
astringere, Cic. Phil. 4, 4,9; obstringere, 
id. Verr 2, 1, 3, 8; obligare. Suet. Caes. 
42 (¥. TO PERPETRATE): she has never 
been g. of any offence towards me, nun- 
quam quicquam erga me commerita est, 
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 36 to prove g., coar- 
guere (v To convict): to jind g., dam- 
nare (v. TO CONDEMN): @ g. conscience, 
conscius animus, Salil. Cat. 14: diri con- 
scia facti mens, Juv 13, 193. 

guinea‘ aureus nummus (nimus); 
or aureus alone v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. 

guinea-fowl. (?) méléagris, idis, f. 
Plin,. (*Numida mel., Linn.). The 
gallina Africana s. Numidica was perh. 
the same bird: cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 9, a@ 
jin.: but probably there were several 
species, cf, Col. 8, 2. 


GUINEA-PIG 


GYMNASIUM 


a ee 


guinea-pig: *mus porcellus: Linn. 

guise: 1, habitus, as (mien, fea- 
tures: also oft. dress): im the g. of 
shepherds, pastorum habitu, Liv. 9, 2, 
tnit.: Nep.: Vv. DRESS. 9. spécies, 
@i: in the g. of a mortal, s. mortali, Ov. 
Met. 8, 626: v. APPEARANCE, 

guitar: *cithara Hispanica (Kr.): v. 
LUTE. 

F |. A bay: sinus, as, m. 
(where the land embraces the sea as in 
its bosom: used also of the land itself : 
hence maritimus must be used when 
necessary to clearness): to infest 9.8, 
or prommtories, or precipitous rocks, 8. 
obsidere maritimos, aut promontoria, 
ant praerupta saxa, Cic. Verr. 5, $6, 145 : 
the g- of Paestum, s. Paestanus, Cic. Att. 
16, 6, init.: Plin. ff, An abyss: q. V. 

: i.e. full of whirlpools and 
gulfs : voraginosus: Amm. 

ag larus, i, m.(?): Vulg. 
(#1. marinus, Linn.> 

gull (v.): lacto, ludificor: v. TO DE- 
LUDE, CHEAT. 

gullet: gila, guttur: v. THROAT. 

gullibility: crédiilitas: v. CREDU- 
LIT 


Yr: 
gullible: crédilus: g. old men (in 
comedies), c. senes, Cic.: v. CREDULOUS, 
SILLY. 
: a channel worn by rain-water 
or a torrent: *fossa torrente cavata: or 
perh. alveus (alveolus) angustus atque 
praealtus: v. CHANNEL. 
gully-hole: cloacue foramen: Suet. 


Gr. 2. 
gulp down: 1, obsorbeo, ii, 2: 
I gid it down (the drink), for it was 


very hot, obsorbui; nam nimis calebat, 
Pl. Mil. 3, 2, 21: to g. down whole cakes 
at once, totas simul obs. (al. abs.) pla- 
centas, Hor. S. 2, 8, 24. 2. glitio or 
gluttio, 4 (a word formed, like the 
English, from the gurgling sound of 
liquor: to swallow greedily): Juv. 4, 
28. 3, obtrido (obs.), si, sum, 3 (to 
thrust eagerly into the throat: “to 
bolt”): PL. St. 4, 2, 13: Vv. TO DEVOUR. 
gulp (subs.): singultus, us: v. HICCUP. 
gum (subs.): |. Of the mouth: 
gingiva: a toothless g., g. inermis, Juv.: 
ulso in pl., Cat.: Cels. ||, A vegetable 
exudation: 1, gummi, n., indecl.; 
or gummis, is, f.: Plin.: Col. 2: 
gutta: a term applied by Mart. to am- 
ber (Phaethontis g., 4, 32), and by Apul. 
to myrrh or perh. gum Arabic (Met. 
2, p- 118). 
matus, Plin. (of trees): the g.-Arabic 
tree, (?)spina Aegyptia s. Arabica, Plin. : 
g. tragacanth, \ragacanthum : Cels. 
gum (v.): glutino, 1: v. To GLUE, 
CEMENT. 
: 1, gummosus: Plin. 
2. gumméus: Auson. 3, gum- 
malis, e: Pall. 
gun: *stlopétum (scl-): used in mod. 
Lat. for a gun, and, like *bombarda 
(“musket”), intended to express the 
sound of explosion (stloppus s. sclop- 
pus): Wyttenbach (in E. and A.) has 
the words, “in hoc recentioris aetatis 
missili, sclopeto seu tubo ignivomo.” 
(For gun as applied to jield artillery, v. 
CANNON.) 
gun-barrel : 
tubulus. 
gun-boat: +*navicula tormentis bom- 
bardicis instructa. 
gunner: tormentarius (bornbardicus). 
gunnery: *res tormentaria: v. AR- 
TILLERY. 
gun-powder: *pulvis nitratus, Kr. : 
p. pyrius, Kr.: Georg.; p. sulfureus, 
Strada in Quich.: or when the context 
determines its meaning, simply pulvis. 
gun-shot; *ictus sclopeti s. tormenti 
telo factus. 
gun-smith : 4stlopetorum faber. 


*sclopeti tiibus s. 


gun-wale: (?)plitéus navis: cf. 
Caes. B. C. 3, 24. 
gurgle(v.): |. Prop. of the sound 


of fluids escaping by a narrow orifice: 
singulto, 1: the water gs in the narrow 
passiges of the pipe, (unda) flexilis 
plumbi meatibus seers s., Sidon. : v. 
GUBGLING (subs.). (in Anthol. Lat. we 





gurgling away of 





Adj., gum-yielding, gum- | 


have the expression “glut, glut, mur- 
murat unda sonans,” to describe the 
wine from a broken 
vessel: ed. Bur. 2, 405—Eng. “ glug, 
glug.”) Il. Jn general, of a soft, 
“wimpling,” murmuring sound; mur- 
muro, susurro, leniter sono: v. TO 
MURMUR, WHISPER, HUM. 

gurgling (adj.): Phr.: to flow with 
a g. sound, *(quasi) singultando fluere : 
Vv. TO GURGLE. 

gurgling (subs.) : (quasi) singultus, 
fis: with frequent 
fluids from ampullae), crebris quasi s., 
Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 6. (In verse the quasi 
might be dispensed with : cf. To GURGLE.) 

gurnard: (?) milvus or miluus: Hor. 

gush (v.): 1, préfundo, fad:, fu- 
sum, 3 (with pron. refl.): the tears 
suddenly 
profuderunt, Cic. Att. 11, 7, 2: Vv. TO 
POUR FORTH. 9, éemico, ti, atum, 
1 (esp. of blood starting from a wound) : 
e corpore sanguis e., Lucr. 2, 195: Ov.: 
also of springs suddenly g.ing forth, 
scaturigines e., Liv. 44, 33, ad init. 

3, exundo, 1 (to g. out im abun- 

dance): Sen. trag. 4, prorumpo, 
rapi, ruptum, 3 (implying some barrier 
to break through): of tears long re- 
strained, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5: ¥. TO BURST 
FORTH. 5, scateo, 2 (to bubble up 
abundantly : rare): of a fountain, Lucr. 
6, 892: Vv. TO TEEM. 6. scatiirio, 4 
=scateo: rare): Sen.: Col 

gush (subs.): Phr.: with a g. of 
tears, profusis lacrimis: v. TO GUSH. 

gushing (adj.): |, Lit.: perh. pro- 
fusus, effusus (shed forth abundantly) : 
cf. Ov. Met. 9, 679, lacrimis vultum 
lavere profusis: also Virg. Aen. 6, 686: 
or expr. by verb: v. TO GUSH. See also 
ABUNDANT. , Fig.: exuberant: 
perh. exundans: cf. Juv. 10, 119, exun- 
dans ingenii fons: v. EXUBERANT. 
gust: repentinus venti s. procellae 
impetus ; repentinus flatus: v. BLAST. 
gusto: Vv. RELISH. 
gusty: perb. creber flatibus: cf. 
Virg. Aen. 1, 85. 
gut (subs.): intestina, intéranea: v. 
INTESTINES. 

gut (v.): J. Lit.: exentéro, 1: 
TO EMBOWEL: q.v. |, Fig.: to strip 
a house of its contents : 1, exinanio, 
4: Vv. TO EMPTY. 9, extergeo and 
extergo, si, sum, 2 and 3: such seems 
to be the meaning of the word in Cic. 
Verr. 2, 21, 52. Phr.: the house was 
completely g.'d by the fire, *incendium 
ponnisi nudos aedium parietes reliquit ; 
ignis omnem aedium supellectilem peni- 
tus absumpsit. 

gutter : 1, fossa: to carry off 
superabundance of moisture by 9.5, 
abundantiam uliginis fossis siecare, Col. : 
V. DITCH, TRENCH. Q, rivus: to clean 
out g.s, rivos deducere, Virg. G. 1, 269: 
cf. Col. 2, 22, where he gives as an equi- 
valent, “fossas veteres tergere et pur- 
gare:” and v. Forb. ad 1.: to put a g. 


to the walls of a house, r. parietibus im- | 


ponere, Nerat. Dig. 7, 1, 6t: V. CHAN- 
NEL, SLUICE. 3. cléaca: Vv. DRAIN. 
(cf. Dict. Ant. sv.) Dimin., cléaciila, 
Lampr. Eleg. 17. 
canaliciilus: only applicable to gs 
consisting of pipes v. PIPE. A g.-tile, 
imbrex, icis, c.: the construction ofa g. 
from such tiles is described in Col. 2, 2. 

guttural: |. Of sounds, proceed- 
ing from the throat: Vv. DEEP, BASS. 

i]. As gram. t. z. > *palatinus: a g. 

letter, palatina litera (Kr.), litera palati 
(Georg.): but for distinctness, *litera 
gutturalis is preferable. 

guzzle: 1, poto, 1 (not so strong 
as Eng., but often used of excessive 
drinking: v. TO DRINK): to drink, nay 
g» ut bibant, immo potent, Sen. Ep. 
122, 6. Comp. perpoto, 1 (stronger than 
simple verb): Cic.: Quint. 9. lar- 
gius vino indulgeo, me invito: v. TO 
INDULGE (LIL). 

guzzler: (homo) ébridsus, potor: v. 
DRUNKARD. 

gymnasium: 1, gymnasium: PL: 
Cic. Master of a g. gymnasiarcbus, Cic. 


gs (of the escape of | 


g.’d_ out, lacrimae se subito | 


4, cinalis: dimin., | 


HABITUALLY 


| Q. palaestra: a term applied both 
to the place and the ezercises: to erect 
statues in the g., statuas in p. ponere, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 14, 36: PL: ct. Gym- 
NASTICS. 
gymnastic (adj.): 1, gymnicus: 
what are called g. games, ludi qui g. 
| vocantur, Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62: g. con- 
tests, g. certamina, Suet. Ner. 53. 2. 
gymnasticus: the g. art, g. ars, Pi. 
§, palaestricus: (belonging to the 
gymnastic schvol): a g. (eacher, p. ma- 
gister, doctor, Quint. : PL (Cic. bas the 
| word in somewhat diff. sense: p. motus, 
Off. :, 36, 130, are gesticulativns learnt 
at the gymnastic school.) 
gymnastics (subs.): 1, pilaestra 
(Gr. maAatozpa, lit. wrestling): that it 
| (philesophy) may help (the vrator) just 
as g. does the actor, ut sic adjuvet, ut p. 
histrionem, Cic. Or. 4, 14: grace-bestow- 
| ing g., p. decora, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 4: not 
so well trained in arms as g. (i. €. better 
in sham than real fighting), non tam 
armis quam p. institutus, Cic. Br.g, 37. 
9. palaestrica (sc. ars): Quint. 2, 21, 
11. Phr.: to give time tog., palaestri- 
cis (=p. magistris) vacare, Quint. 1, 11, 
15. A master of g., palaestrita, Cio. 
Verr. 2, 14, 36: Mart. Phr.: these are 
the g. of the mind, haec sunt curricula 
mentis, Cic. Sen. 11, 38. 
gymnosophist : 
d.: Aug. 
gypsum: gypsum: Plin. 
or coated with g., gypsatus: Cic. 
gypsy: Aegyplanus: Spelman. 
gyration: gyrus: Vv. REVOLUTION. 
gyve: compes, Edis, m.: v. FETTER. 


H. 


‘A (interj.): ha: expr. of surprise, 
joy, derision, etc.: Pl.: Ter. 

haberdasher: perb. linteo, Onis: ¥. 
DRAPER. 

habergeon: lorica: v. 
mail). 

habiliment;: vestimentum: v. GAR- 
MENT, DRESS, 

habit: |. Garb, dress: q.v- Ul. 
A confirmed custom; esp. on the part of 
individuals ; 1, consuétiido, inis, f.: 
bad h.s, c. mala, Hor. S. 1, 3, 36: Cic.: 
the h. of doing wrong, c. peccandi, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 16, 177: exercise, out of which 
grows h., exercitatio ex qua c. gignitur, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, fin. 9, assuétiido, 
inis, f. (rare): whether by nature or 
by h. (of Tiberius’s hk. of speaking ob- 
scurely), seu natura sive as., Tac. Ann 
eae 3. mos, moris, m.: V. MANNER, 
custom. Pbr.: to be in the h. of 
joing something: sdleo, consuesco (foll. 
by inf.) : Vv. ACCUSTOMED, TO BE. il. 
Natural constitution: habitus, Us, ™.: 
the h. (features of bodies), b. corporum, 
Cac. Agr. 11, init.: to be of an excellent 
h. of body, and great physical strength, 
| florere h. optimo, maximis viribus, Cic. 
Coel. 24, 59. 

habitable: b&bitabilis, e: h. coun- 
tries, h. regiones, Cic.: a h. climate, b. 
| coelum, Ov. (Inhabitabilis=preced. only 
in Arnob.: in Cic. = UNINHABITABLE.) 

habitation : j, ddmicilium: v. 
DWELLING-PLACE, ABODE. 9. tectum 
(any place of shelter or abode): a col- 
lection of h.s, conjunctio tectorum, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 26: Caes. 

habitual: j, invétératus (of old 
standing): h. licence, in. licentia, Nep. 
Eum. 8: to bear in one way what ws 
h., and what is fresh in another, aliter 
ferre inveterata, aliter recentia, Cic. 
[usc. 4, 17, 39. To become h., invété- 
rasco, 3: V. INVETERATE (to become). 

9, iisitatus. V. USUAL, CUSTOMARY. 

Phr: an kh. liar, *bomo mendaciis 
assuetus, veterator (an old rogue, ler. 
Andr. 2, 6, fin.): an h. drunkard, ébri- 
osus (V. DRUNKARD): to become h., ino- 
lescere, Gell. 5, 21, ad init. 

habitually :. de or ex more, ex con- 
suetudine: v. CUSTOM, HABIT. 

357 


gymnosdphista : 





Covered 


coat (of 





HABITUATE 


HAIRY 


HALF-HOLIDAY 





habituate : assuéfacio, cousuefacio : 
vy. T” accusrom. 

habituation: 1, assuétido, inis, 
f.: to become brutalized by h. to suffer- 
ing, assuetudine mali efferari, Liv. 25, 
26. 9. more usu. expr. by verb: 
thus in preced. ex., we might say, *ut 
qui malo assueti essent: v. TO BE AC- 
CUSTOMED. 

hack (v.): 1, accido, di, sum, 3: 
to h. trees, i. e. to cut them part through, 
arbores ac., Caes. B. G. 6, 27: @ moun- 
tain-ash h.’d with the axe, ornus accisa 
ferro, Virg. Aen. 2, 627. 9. miitilo, 
I: v. TO MUTILATE. 3, concido, 3° 
v. TO CUT IN PIECES. 

hack (subs.): ie. a hired horse: 
¥caballus conducticius, s. meritorius : 
v. HIRED. 

hackney-coach: *vehiculum meri- 
torium (a hired vehicle in gen.) : Suet. 

hackneyed (adj.): i. e. well-used : 

J, tritus: Cic.: v. TRITE, COMMON 

(III, 2). Very h., pertritus (de eo quod 
ab omnibus dictum est), Sen. Ep. 63, to. 
Simly., contritus (rather stronger than 
simple word): common and h. rules, 
communia et c. praecepta, Cic. de Or. 1, 
2a Jey hb 9. decantatus in scholis: 
Sen. Ep. 24, 6. 3. vulgaris, pervul- 
gatus: v.common. Phr.: not to want 
ah. theme from the schools, non cantile- 
nam ex scholis exquirere, Sen. (in a 
similar way Hor. uses naenia: Hp. 
1, I, 63). 

haddock; *gadus morhua: Linn. 

haft; mantibrium: v. HANDLE. 

hag: ‘nus putida, odidsa: v. OLD- 
WOMAN. 

haggard: i. e. wasted and at the 
same time wild, excited : no single word. 
Phr.: with a h. look, exsanguis et 
quasi vecors (cf. Sall. Cat. 15; and Cic. 
Harusp. 1); vultum macie confectum 
habens: v. EMACIATED. 

haggle: perh. cavillor, 1 (fo make 
any kind of captious objections): comp. 
Liv. 38, 74, per cavillationem, “haggling 
about the sum.” 

hah: ha! Pl.: Ter. 

hail (subs.): grando, inis, f.: h. 
mized with snow (or sleet), nivosa g., 
Liv. 21, 58, med.: thick as h., ereberri- 
mue grandinis modo, Liv. 28, 37, ad fin. : 
storms of h., grandines, Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 
14. Adj. grandinosus, attended with 
h.-storms, e. g., grandinosa qualitas coeli, 
Col. 3, 1, med.: later, grandineus, Alcim. 

hail (.): |. Of a fall of hail: 
grandinat, 1: Sen. N. Q. 4,4. Intens., 
degrandinat, it h.s violently, Ov. Phr-: 
it h.’d so violently, tanta vis grandinis 
de coelo demissa est: cf. Liv. 21, 58, 
med. II. Zo salute: silito, appello, 
I: V. TO GREET, CALL. See also foll. art. 

hail (interj.): salve, 2, defect. (L. G. 
§ 124): h. Saturnian land, s. Saturnia 
tellus! Virg.: to bid any one h., ali- 
quem salvere jubere, Liv. 

hail-stone: (?)grandinis granum: 
Isid. 13, 10, 5: Kr. and Georg. give 
grando in same sense: cf. Sen. N. Q. 4, 
3, 2, quare autem rotunda sit grando: 
also ib. § 4: but in either case the word 
denotes hailstones (collectively), not a 
single hailstone. 

haily:; grandinosus, grandineus: v. 


long h. (that has been left uncut), pro- 
missus c., Caes B.G. 5, 14: bristly h., 
horridus c., Cic.; ¢. hirsuti, Ov.: unkempt 
h., c. incompti, Hor.: to singe the h. (of 
the beard), capillum adurere, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 20, 58. Rarely of the h. of animals 
(pilus): the h. of a kid, c. hoedi, Gell. 
12, 1, med. Hence, capillulus (fine or 
soft h.), Corn. Gall.: false h. (a peruke), 
capillamentum (also = head of h., Plin. 
16, 10, 16), capillatura (v. wic): having 
h., capillatus: having a good head of h., 
bene capillatus, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 59. Do. 
crinis, is, m. (the h. im locks or ressed : 
hence by anal. anything resembling a 
lock of hair): (money) for dressing 
the h., in crines, Cic. Verr. 3, 33, imit.: 
h. Beers together with blood, concreti 
35 


sanguine c., Virg. Aen. 2, 277: with he 
tied back, crines religata, Hor. Od. 4, 
11, 5. Fig.: @ comet with silver h. 
(tail), cometes argenteo C., Plin. 2, 24, 
22: Virg. Hence, having locks of h., 
with comely h., crinitus: a girl with a 
poor head of h., puella male crinita, Ov. 
A. A. 3, 245: with snaky h., crinitus 
anguibus, Cic. Verr. 4, 56, 124: by anal. 
of a comet: stella crinita, Suet. Ner. 36. 

3. caesiries, Gi, f. (long, flwwing h.: 
esp. uf men, and usu. as ornamental) : 
flowing hair (of Masinissa), promissa ¢., 
Liv. 28, 35, med : to comb out his flow- 
ing h. (ot Paris), pectere c., Hor. Od. Tt, 
15, 14: comely h., decora c., Virg. (OF 
women’s h., only poet. : Virg. G. 4, 337: 
Ov.) Hence, having such h., caesariatus, 
BE 4, coma (the h. as an ornament, 
whether of men or women; and by 





| anal., of that which covers and adorns, 
| as foliage, q. v.: usu. sing.): to tie back 
| the h., comam religare, Hor.: h. curled 
with irons, calamistrata c., Cic. Sext. 8, 
| init.: to divide the h. into steps (a kind 
| of curls ?), comam in gradus frangere, 
Quint. 1,6, fin. The pl. is poet. : Virg. 
Aen. 1, 403: Ov. Hence, having h. 
ornamentally dressed, comatus, Suet. Cal. 
35: Mart.: also comans, which is esp. 
used of animals having manes, crests: 
Virg. Aen. 12, 6. 5, pilus (a single 
h.; also in pl. or as ccllect. of the na- 
| tural covering of men or animals): the 
| hus of a horse's tail, caudae pilos equinae, 


| Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 45: of the hs forming | 
the h. of an as): the old sesterce is two 


the eyelashes, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143: Cf. 
Plin. 11, 37, 47, in capite animalium 
| cunctorum homini plurimus pilus. Also 
| fig., of what is valueless: V. STRAW. 
6. villus (rough, shaggy h.; of 
| goats, lions, etc.): animals clothed with 
| shaggy h., animantes villis vestitae, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 47, 121: Virg.: Ov. '7, seta or 
saeta: V. BRISTLE. Other special terms 
are: the downy h. (as of an incipient 
beard), laniigo (v. DOWN): the small hs 
in the nostrils, vibrissae, Fest.: to pluck 
the h. out, dépilo, 1: Mart.: @ person 
who has had his h.s plucked, depilatus, 
glaber (v. HAIRLESS): one who has grey 
h., canus: Vv. GRAY-HAIRED. Phr.: he 
was within a hair’s breadth of, etc., nil 
propius est factum quam ut, etc., Cic. 
Clu. 21, fim.: not to deviate a hair's 
breadth from anything, non transver- 
sum ut aiunt digitum (lit. jfinger’s 
breadth) ab aliqua re discedere, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 18, 58: not a h. the worse, ne 
pilo quidem deterior (cf. Cic. Q. Er: 2; 
16, fin.). 

hair-cloth : 1, cilicium (prop. 
adj.; textum or stragulum being under- 
stood: “vestis seu pannus ex pilis ca- 
prarum et hircorum contex tus,” Forcell. 
s.v.): Warr. R. R. 2, 11, fin.: Cic. OM 
expr. by periphr.: v. supr. (1). 

hair-dresser : 1, tonsor: Cic.: 
Hor.: v. BARBER. 9, capitis et ca- 
pilli concinnator (more precisely): Col. 
pref. 3, cinérarius (@ hair-curler : 
usu. a slave): Varr. L. L. 5, 29, 129: 
Cat. 4, ciniflo, Onis (—cinerariur: 
enumerated among the tradesmen who 
attend ladies in Pl. Aul. 3, 5, 35). 5, 
ornatrix ; i. e. a lady’s-maid : q. Vv. 





hairiness: expr. by pilus: v. 
HAIR (5). 

hair-less: |. Of the head: calvus: 
Vv. BALD. |]. Of the body generally : 


1, gliber, bra, brum (of men or 
beasts): Varr.: Mart.: v. SMOOTH. 2. 
dépilatus (with the hair of the body arti- 
ficially removed): Mart.: Sen. (in the 
same sense glaber is also found). 3. 
depilis (naturally or artificially) : Sen. : 
Apic. 

hair-oil, ointment: cipillare, is, 
n.: Mart. 3, 82, 28. 

hair-pin ; crinale, is, ”.: Ov. Met. 
5, 53. 

hair-powder: *pulvis capillaris. 

hair-splitting (swbs.): disserendi 
spinae, Cic. (of the subtle distinction of 
the Stoics), Fin. 4, 28, 19: V. SUBTILTY. 

hairy: 1, pildsus (with a natural 
covering of hair): h. cheeks, p. genae, 
Cic.: Varr. Fig.: h. leaves, p. folia, 








Plin. 9, hirsitus (with rough hair): 
Vv. SHAGGY. 3, crinitus (having locks 
of hair ; with handsome locks): vy. HATR 
(2). 4, coOmans: v. HAIR, 4, fin.: 
Fig.: ah. star, stella comans, Ov.: v. 
COMET. 5, capillaceus (of the nature 
of hair): h. leaves, folia capillacea, Plin. 
13, 25, 48 (who also has capillatus in 
same sense). 

halberd: perb. bipennis sc, séciris : 
V. BATTLE-AXE. 

halberdier ; *miles bipenni armatus. 

haleyon: alcédo, aleyon: v. KING- 
FISHER. As adj. alcyonéus (hal-): h, 
days, alcyonei dies, Varr. L. L. 7,5, § 88; 
alcedonia, orum, Pl. Cas. prol. 26. 

hale (adj.): validus: Vv. HEALTHY. 

hale (v.): v. TO HAUL. 

half: Ae AGEs j, dimidius 
(esp. with pars): the moon is larger 
than the h. (part) of the earth, luna est 
major quam d. pars terrae, Cic. N. D. 2, 
40, 103: Cacs. In later writers with 
other words: a h. leg, d. crus, Juv. 13, 
95. 2. dimidiatus: a h. moon, d. 
luna, Cato in Plin. 16, 39, ,5: 2. @ month, 
d. mensis, (ic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, 129: Caes. 

B. Subs.: 1, dimidia pars: h. 

the work, d. pars operis, Cues. : Cic.: v. 
supr. (1). Q. dimidium: the h. of an 
hour, d. horae, Lucil.: the h. of an 
achievement, a. facti, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 40. 
Ksp. in abl. after a compar.: Ireland 
less by h. than Britain, Hibernia di- 
midio minor quam Britannia, Caes. B. G. 
Bp Le 3, semis, issis, m. (strictly, 


pounds and a h., dupondius et s. anti- 
quus sestertius est, Varr.: the h. of 
Africa, s. Africae, Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 3: 
heir to one h. of @ property, heres ex 
semisse: v. HEIR. See also HALVES. 

C. Adv.: usu. expr. by prefix 
sémi-: v. foll. artt. Phr.: well begun 
is h. done, dimidium facti qui coepit 
habet, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 40: the work being 
only h. done, *nonnisi dimidia parte 
operis perfecta: v. HALVES. 

—afraid: semitrépidus: Apul. 

—asleep: 1, semisomnuis or sé- 
misomnis, e: both forms in Cic.: Liv. 

2. sémisopitus (rather stronger 
than preced.): Liv.: Ov. 8, semi- 
séporus (rare): Sidon. 

—pblood: Vv. HALF-BROTHER, HALF- 
SISTER. 

—boot: perh. ciliga (a strong nailed 
boot worn by soldiers: it consisted of a 
thick sole and straps covering the foot 
and ankle): Cic.: Suet. 

—pbred:; hybrida (= mixto sanguine 
natus): V. HYBRID. 

—brick : sémiliter, ris, m.: Vitr. 

—brother: |. By the mother's 
side: frater uterinus (= eadem matre 
natus, cf. Nep. Cim. 1): Imp. Cod. II. 
By the father’s side: traier consau- 
guinéus (= eodem patre natus): Vv. Dict. 


Ant. p. 309. 
—pburnt: 1, sémiustus: Liv.: 
Tac.:  quasi-dimin., semiustulatus, 


“ singed :” Cic. Mil. 13, 33. 9. sémi- 
ambustus: Suet. 3, semicombustus : 
Prud. : Sid. 4, semicrématus, sémi- 
crémus: Ov. (For syn., v. TO BURN.) 

—clothed: 1, semitectus: Sen. : 
Apul. 9. semiamictus: Apul. 

—cooked: semicoctus: Col.: Plin. 

—dead: 1. sémianimis,e: Virg.: 
Liv. (also semianimus, Lucr. : mate 

9. semivivus: Cic.: Sen. M 
sémimortuus (rare): Cat. 4, sémi- 
nex, nécis (half-killed: the nom. does 
not occur): Liv.: Virg. 5, mori- 
bundus (on the point of death) : Vv. DYING. 
Phr.: half-dead with hunger, enectus 
fame: Vv. FAMISHED. 

—demolished: sémiriitus: a h. 
wall. s. murus, Liv. 

—done, finished: 1. semifactus 
(rare): h. works, s. opera, Tae. : Auct. B. 
Afr. 2. semiperfectus (rare) : Suet. 

—eaten: semésus: Hor. : Suet. 

—fcrmed: semiformis, e: h. eggs 
s. ova, Col. 

—full: stmiplénus: Cic. 

—holiday ; dies intercisus (as dist. 
fr. dies festus or profestus): Macr. 1, 16, 


= 





HALF-HKOUR 


init. Phr.: that day is ah., *ejus diei 
pars dimidia ad cessationem vperum, ad 
ferlas agendas conceditur: Vv. HOLIDAY. 

half-hour: semihora: the (narrow) 
limits of a j., curriculum semihorae, 
Cic. Rab. perd. 2, 6. 

—learned: sémidoctus: Cic.: Plin. 

—manned: (of a vessel) semi- 
plénus: Cic. Verr, 5, 25, 63. 

—moon: J. Lit: 
diata, dimidia: v. HALF (adj.). Also 
1. semiorbis, Amm. 20, 3,ad jin. [I 
Fig.: the shape of a half-moon: luna, 
luniila: v. CRESCENT. 

—mourning; dressed in h., semi- 
pullatus Sidon. 

—open: 1, sémiapertus: Liv.: 
also, semiadapertus (sémyi-), Ov. Am. 
1,6,4. Dimin., semiadapertulus (hardly 
h.), Apul. 9, sémipaitens: Sidon. 

3, semibians: esp. of lips, 5. la- 
bellum, Cat. 61, 216: Apul 

half-pound : 1, sémis, issis : v. 
HALF (subs.) 9. selibra (sémilibra, 
Apul.): Liv. 5, 47, ad fin.: Cato. 

—ripe: _ 1, sémimaturus: Pall. 4, 
Io, med. 9, semiicerbus: Pall. 9, 13. 

3, matiirescens, ntis (just beginning 
to ripen): ef. Plin. 16, 26, 44. 

—savage: semifer, era, érum : 
Virg.: Plin. 

—shaven: semirasus: Cat. : Apul. 

—shut: semiclausus: Apul. 

—sister; svror uterina, consan- 
guinea: comp, HALF-BROTHER. 

—year: expr. by semestris, e (siz- 
months’): a h.’s command, s. imperium, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 9: Cic. 

—yearly: A.Adj.: |, Lasting 
half a year: semesiris: vy. preced. art. 

|, Occurring every half-year : *quod 
bisinannofit. B, Adv.: *bisin anno; 
sexto quoque mense. 

—witted : insipiens: v. SILLY. 

halibut: *pleuronectes hippoglossus: 


n. 

hall: 1, atrium (principal room 
in a Roman house ; used for receptions) : 
Cic.: Hor.: v. Dict. Ant. s. v. domus. 
The term was also applied to other 
similar halls: as, atrium auctionarium 
(for auctions), Cic. Agr. I, 3, 7- i 
conciliabulum (a place of public resort, 
esp. for business; whether roofed or 
not): Liv. 7, 15, extr.: Tac. 3, ctiria 
(strictly, for the religious services of the 
curiae: also, for meetings of the senate : 
less freq. for other purposes): the h. of 
the Salii, c. Saliorum, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 
init. : Vv. SENATE-HOUSE. 4, basilica: 
v. cour? (V.). 

halloo (interj.): 1, heus(to call at- 
tention): Pl.: Ter. 2, ohé (expressing 
surprise or annoyance): cf.Hor. 5. 1, 5, 12. 

hallow : sanctifico, 1: v. TO SANC- 
TIFY. 


lana dimi- 


somnium: esp. in pl. : 
Lusion. (N.B.—The substantive aluci- 
patio does not occur in Cic., but he has 
the verb: the idle h.s of Epicurus, quae 
Epieas oscitans alucinatus est, Cic. 
esky 205.712.) 
halmor haulm: calimus: v. STALK. 
alo: corona: the word halo we may 
most fitly render by corona, halo nos 
dicere coronam aptissime possumus, Sen. 
N. Q. t, 2, 1 (infr. § 3, he seems to hesi- 
tate between this word and area = adws, 
threshing-floor). 
halt (.): |, Milit.¢.¢: 1. con- 
gisto, stiti, stitum, 3: both armies h.’d, 
constitit utrumque agmen, Liv. 21, 46: to 
h. from flight, a fuga c., Liv. 10, 36, 
med.: Caes. (But consisto often signi- 
fies to take up a position, stand one’s 
ground : Caes. : Liv.) 9. agmen con- 
stituo, ui, itum, 3 (to cause to h.; said 
of the generas): he made his army h. @ 
little while, paulisper agmen constituit, 
Sall. Jug. 49, jim.: Liv.. simly., signa 
constituere, Liv. 33, to. (N.B.—Not 
itinere desisto, which is to give overa 
march: v. Caes. B. G. 5, 11: subsisto is 
to pause, with the intention of going on 
again almost immediately: v- TO STOP.) 





HAMMER 


Il. To hesitate : haereo, haesito: Vv. 

TO FALTER, Il. Zo limp; whether 
lit. or fig. - 1, claudico, 1: to h. tm 
one’s gait, incessu c., Justin. 6, 2: Cic.: 
Suet. Fig.: friendship seems as it 
were to h., amicitia quasi c. videvur, Cic. 
Fin. 1, 20, 69: if our style hs at all, si | 
quid in nostra oratione c., Cic. de Or. 3, 
51, 198. 2, claudeo or claudo, 2 and 
3 (rare): in fig. sense = to be defective, 
Cic. Tuse. 5, 8,22. (N.B.—Ace. to analogy 
the verb should be of the second conj.) 

hait (subs.): |. Of an army: 
expr. by verb: to come to a h., to com- 
mand @ h., consistere, agmen consti- 
tuere: Vv. TO HALT. Il. 4 flaw ina 
rhythmical composition: expr. by verb 
or adj.: there will be a h. im the verse, 
numerus claudus erit; ef. Gell. 4, 7: 
Vv. HALTING, TO HALT. 

halt, halting (adj.): claudus: v. 
LAME. 

halter: 1, cipistrum (for ani- 
mals): Varr.: Virg. Fig.: of the mar- 
riage tie, maritale c., Juv. 6, 43. 2. 
fiinis, restis: Vv. ROPE. 3, laqueus @ 
noose: hence, a rope for hanging): to 
pul a h. about one’s neck, collum in la- 
quenm inserere, Cic. Verr. 4, 19, 375 
laqueo innectere fauces, Ov. Met. Io, 
378: V. TO HANG. 

halter (v. t7.): capistro, T: Col. 6, 19. 

halting (adj.): v. HALT. 

halve (v.): ex aequo divido, visi, 
visum, 3: to h. the rolling year (with 
ref. to Proserpina), ex aequo volventem 
d. annum, Ov. Met. 5. 565: Lucan: v. 
ro pivipeE. (N.B. -‘The verb dimidio, 
1, is found in Tert., who accuses tlie 
Docetae of dividing the person ot Christ 
in half “quid dimidias mendacio Chris- 
tum?” de Carn. Chr. 5.) Phr.: I will 
h. it (“go halves”) with you, dimidiam 
tecum partem dividam, PI. Aul. 4, 10, 41. 

halved; dimidiatus: v. HALF (A,). 

halves (usu. as interj.): in com- 
mune: tocryh.! inc.! dicere, Sen. Ep. 
119, init.: more fully, “ eja, in c., quod- 
cunque sit lucri,” Phaedr. 5, 7: cf. TO 





Jin). 
ham: |. The back of the knee; in 
men or animals: poples, itis, m. : the 
Ienees, and the h.s, and the legs, genua, 
poplitesque, et crura, Col. 6, 12, med. : 
Virg. Aen. 9, 762. (Suffrago is some- 
times explained as the ham, cf. Forcell 
s. V.; butit appears to denote the anicle 
jovnt, in animals: cf. Col. 6, 15, extr.) 
Il. Zhe thigh of a beast, for the 
table: 1, perna (salted and smoked) : 
to salt ah., p. salire, Cato R. R. 162: to} 
hang up h.s to smoke, pernas in fume 
suspendere, Cato, 1. c.: smoked h., p. 
fumosa, Hor. 8. 2, 2, 117- 2. pétiro, 
or petasio, Onis, m. (a fore-quarter or 
hand: acc. to others the hind or broad 
part of wham): the flesh of a h., peta- 
sonis pulpa, Mart. 3, 77,6: Varr. R. Rk. 
2, 4, md. A small h. of the sort, peta- 
sunciilus: Juv. (N.B.—The petaso was 
eaten when newly salted; not dried like 
the perna.) 
hamlet: vicus, victilus: v. VILLAGE 
hammer (suvbs.): 1, malléus (@ 
hammer or mallet): to beat out with a 
h., malleo tenuare, extendere, Plin. : Pl. 
A small h., malledlus : Cels. 2. mar- 
culus (strictly a dimin. word, cf. Isid. 
Or. 19, 7, 2, but which lost its dimin. 
force: a heavy smith’s hammer): Lucil. 
in Isid. 1. c.: ef. Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 195, 
where the ref. is to smiths’ tools. (Also 
written martulus.) Mareus and mar- 
cellus also originally bad a similar mean- 
ing: Isid. l. ¢. 3, tudes, is and itis, | 
m. (an obsolete word = malleolus): 
Fest. s. Vv. 
hammer (v. #7.): malleo tundere, 
Plin. 19, 1, 3; excutere, PL. Men. 2, 3,57: 
V. HAMMER (subs.). Phr.: to kh. at the 
same anvil night and day (fig.), eandem 
incudem diem noctemque tundere, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 39, init.: toh. a thing into any 
one, aliquid inculcare alicui, Cic. de Or. 
I, 28, 127 (but the Eng. is more forcible 
and homely; the Lat. may be strength- 
ened by iterum atque iterum, o7 1te- 
rando: v. REPEATEDLY.) 





HAND 








hammerer ; malleator: Mart. 

hammock: lectus suspensus: Cels, 
3, 18, med.: 1. pensilis (Kr): cf. Juv, 
1, 159. 

hamper (subs.) : qualus or 
qualum: vine-growers’ hs m which 
grapes are carried, q. vindemiatoril [ex- 
ceptoriique], in quibus uvae compor- 
tantur, Ulp. Dig. 33, 7, 8: Cato R. RK, 


11, evtr.: Virg. fiscina (any 
wicker basket): v. BASKET. The forms 
fiscella, fiscellus, also occur. 3. aero. 


dnis, m. (for holding sand, earth): 
Flin, 36, 14, 21: Vitr. 

hamper (2.): 1, impédio, 4: they 
are so h.'d; they take a troop of maids 
with them, adeo impeditae sunt; an- 
cillarum gregem secum ducunt, ler. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 4: you will h. yoursel7, ipse 
te impedies [ipse tu tua defensione Im- 
plicabere], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, 44: ¥. TO 
HINDER, ENTANGLE. 2. implico, 1: 
Vv. TO ENTANGLE. 3, téneo, contineo, 
circumeliido: v. TO FETTER, SHUT IN. 

hamster: *mus cricétus (Linn.). 

hamstring (subs.): *poplitis nervus. 

hamstring (.): poplitem (poplites) 
alicui succido, di, sum, 3: Virg. Aen. 9, 
762: Petr. 1: Liv. 

hand (subs.): 1, manus, is, f.: 
the right, left h., m. dextera or dextra, 
sinistra or laeva (V. RIGHT, LEFT): the 
flat or the hollow of the h., m. plana, 
concava, Sen. Ep. 56, init.: to pass a 
thing from h. toh., aliquid de manu in 
m. tradere, Cic. Fam. 7, 5. /in.: to raise 
the h.s (in astonishment), manus tollere, 
Cic. 1. c. med. : to lay the h. on the mouth 
(in token of silence), m. ad os imponere, 
Coel. in Cic. 8, 1, 4: the shrine is on this 
h., est ad hane m. sacellum, Ter. Ad. 4, 
2,37. Olten used meton. : (i) = power: 
these things are not in our is, haec non 
sunt in nostra m., Cic. Fam. 14, 2, med. : 
to allow an enemy to escape out of 
your is, hostem manibus emittere, 
Liv 44, 36, med.; or with de, e (v. GO, 
To LET): to lay one’s h. on any one 
(cause him to stop), manum alicui injic- 
ere, Cic. R. Com. 16, 48. (ii-) violence: 
to lay vivlent h.s upon oneself, sibi ma- 
nus afferre, Planc. in Cic. (v. SUICIDE): 
in this sense often with vis: to lay vio- 
lent h.s upon any ove, inferre vim et 
manus alicui, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 21: V- VIO- 
LENCE. (iii) meton. for work: to put 
ah. to anything, alicui operi faciendo 
manus admovere, Suet. Vesp. 8 (but 
manus admovere may also express Vi0- 
Yence: cf. Liv. 5, 11, extr.): J have the 
seventh book of my Origins in h, 
septimus mihi Originum in manibus 
est, Cic. Sen. 11, 38: prompt of h., 
manu promptus, Sall. Jug. 7 (iv.) 
with ref. to the reception of gifts: to 
have clean h.s, manus pecuniae absti- 
nentes habere, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 4°, 144 
and Hor. Od. 4, y, 37. See also foll. artt, 

9. dextéra or dextra (sc. manus: 
strictly the right h. : preferred to manus 
whenever the right hand would natu- 
rally be used) : to give one’s h. (tn token 
of amity), d. dure, Liv. 1,7: give me your 
h., cedo d., Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 84: simly., 
dextram dextrae jungere (when mutu- 
ality is intended), Virg. ; dextras copu- 
lari, Pl.: ye carry liberty and country 
in your (right) h.s [the sword hand], 
vos libertatem atque patriam in d. ves- 
tris portatis, Sall. Cat. 58: the pious h, 
will do no guilt, nil faciet sceleris pia 
d., Hor. S. 2, 1, 54. 3, palma (the 
palm of the h.: also poet. the entire 
h., esp. as outstre tched in supplication) ? 
chains confined her tender h.s, teneras 
arcebant vincula p., Virg. Aen. 2, 406: 
with outstretched h.s, passis p., Cic. B. Cc, 
3, 98: to take up water with the hol- 
low of the h., cava p- undam tollere, 
Virg. Aen. 8, 69. Phr.: to bind a man 
h. and foot, aliquem quadrupedem con- 
stringere, ler Andr. §, 2, 24: fohave a 
h. in anything, interesse alicui ret (less 
homely thau Eng.: V. PART, TO T AKE); 
to live from h. to mouth, in horam vi- 
vere, Cic. Ph. 5, 9, 25° to have one’s hs 
full (have enough to do), satis agere (the 
form satago, i.e. sat’ ago also occurs) * 
359 


HAND, AT 


HANDFUL 


HANDSOMELY 


>? 


when the Romans had their hs full, 
quum satis agerent Romani, Gell. 3, 8: 
pass. imper's., we are fighting vigorously, 
but have got our h.s full, pugnatur acri- 
ter; agitur tamen satis, Cic. Att. 4, 15, 
fin.: h. toh. i. e. at close quarters, 
cominus, opp. to eminus, which is used 
of fighting at a distance: Cic.: Liv.: 
to clap the h.s, plaudere (v. TO CLAP). 

Il. Handwriting: chirdgrapbum : 
V. HANDWRITING. = [J,_ The index of 
@ time-piece: gndmon, Snis, m. (of a 
dial): Plin. 2, 72, 74. Of a clock or 
eee » perh. horarum index, cf. Plin. 18, 
24, 69. 

hand, at: 1. praesto (with esse) : 
where is your brother? he is close ath. 
ubi est frater? pr. est, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 
20. Esp. of being at hand to assist: to 
be at h. to help on every occasion, ad 
omnia p. esse, Cic. Fam. 4, 8. 9, ad 
manum (ready to h.): the Romans had 
reinforcements at h. at home, Romanis ad 
m. domi supplementum esset, Liv. 9, 19, 
med.: Quint. 3. prae manu ov ma- 
nibus (of ready money, effects, etc.: not 
in Cic.): if the work of Caesar is at h. 
let it be fetched, si Caesaris liber p. ma- 
nibus est, promi jubeas, Gell. 19, 8, med. : 
not to have (money) inh., p. manu non 
habere, Ulp. Dig. 13, 7, 27: Ter. 4. 
sub manu (just close at h.): Plane. in 
Cic. Fam. 10, 23, med.: sub manum also 
occurs in similar sense, Suet. Aug. 49. 

5. propé, propter: v. NEAR. 0 be 
ath.: (1.) adsum (ass.), fui, esse (absol. 
or with dat.): evening is at h., vesper 
adest, Cic.: the day for the trial was at 
h., aderat judicio dies, Liv. 3, 12, init. 
(N.B.—When used of place, adsum is to 
be present.) (2.) subsum, ivr. (to be 
close at h.: usu. absol.): there was a 
mountain close at h., mous suberat, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 25: the day for the elec- 
tions being at h., quum dies comitiorum 
subesset, Cic. Mil. 16, 42. (3.) advento, 
appéto: v, TU APPROACII. 

—, by; manu (artificially, opp. to 
naturally): v. ART (1. 1). 

—,in: 1, in manibus (of what 
is before one; the object of attention) : 
to attend to the matter in h., quae in m, 
sunt attendere, D. Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 
13: Cic. Att. 13, 47 (also inter manus, 
Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 3, extr.): his pane- 
gyric is in (everybody’s) h.s, est in ma- 
nibus laudatio, Cic. Sen. 4, 12. 2. (of 
money) prae Manu: Vv. AT HAND (3). 
Phr.: to take in h., suscipere (v. TO 
UNDERTAKE): h. in h., dextris inter se 
junctis (v. HAND, I. 2): the Nymphs h. 
inh, with the Graces, janctae Nymphis 
Gratiae, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 6: to be in any- 
one’s hands, i. e. power, Vv. HAND (I. 1). 

—, on the one, the other: 1. 
expr. by hic... . ille or the pron. advv. 
hic, illic: also by alter ... . alter (when 
a contrast is intended): cf. Vell. 2, 49, 
altertus ducis causa melior videbatur, 
alterius erat frmior : hic omnia speciosa, 
illic valentia: see also L. G. § 366. The 
latter member may be strengthened by 
contra: accordingly as on the one h. 
these are wretched, so on the other, these 
are happy, ergo ut hi miseri, sic illi 
contra beati, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 2) 
et....et (where enumeration rather 
than contrast is intended: v. L. G. § 562): 
when one of the clauses is negative, et 
may be followed or preceded by neque 
(mec), et non (L. G. § 564): (a situa- 
tion) which on the one h. the sun does 
not scorch, and on the other the dew can 
reach, quem et non coquit sol, et tangit 
ros, Varr. R. R. 3, 14: Cic. 3. qui- 
dem ....at sed, autem, etc.: the rest 
indeed on the one h.} have perished 
shamefully ; Cato, on the other h., nobly, 
ceteri quidem foede perierunt, at Cato 
praeclare Cic. Fam. 9, £8: cf. id. Sen. 11, 
36, et corpora quidem exercitatione et 
defatigatione ingravescunt; animiautem 
se exercendo levantur: cf. Tursellin. 
8. V. quidem. 4, sometimes no word 
of contrast is expr. in the former clause 
(as often in Eng.): as, i is [on the one 
hand] perhaps wrong to say what you 
do not pape on the other h., to say no- 

3 





| Dict. Ant. p. 1224). 





thing is clearly right, dicere fortasse 
quae sentias non licet, tacere plane licet, 
Cic. Fam. 4, 9, med.: on the one h. ra- 
ther more fettered in rhythm, on the 
other, more free in dealing with lan- 
guage, numeris adstrictior paulo, verb- 
orum autem licentia liberior, Cic. de Or. 
I, 16, 7o. 

hand, out of; colloq., asin phr. to do 
a thing out of h., celeriter ac sub manum 
(= prompte) aliquid facere: cf. Suet. 
Aug. 49: Vv. PROMPTLY. 

—, to: Phr.: what had happened 
to come first to h., quod cuique temere 
ad manum venisset, Liv. 38, 21, med.: 
Quint.: h. to h., i.e. in close quarters, 
cominus (v. HAND, I, fin): to pass from 
h. toh. per manus tradere, Hirt. ; Liv.: 
Vv. TO HAND, HAND DOWN. 

hand (v. t.): 1, trado, didi, ditum, 
3 (to deliver to another): toh. a will to 
any one to read, testamentum tradere 
alicui legendum, Hor. S. 2, 5, 51: toh. 
a cup to any one, poculum alicui tr., Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 40, 96. 2. porrigo, rexi, 
rectum, 3: to h. (hold out) a sword to 
any one, gladium alicui p., Cic. Mil. 3, 
extr.: of h.ing a guest something at 
table, Hor. S. 2, 8, 30: cf. Cic. Coel. 26, 


jin., qaum jam manum ad tradendam 


pyxidem porrexisset. 
Vv. TO OFFER. 

— down: 1, trado, didi, ditum, 
3: to h. down religious rites, sacra 
facienda tr., Liv. 5, 52, med. Often with 
some such word aS memoriae, famae: 


3, offero, 3, iv. : 


\toh. a thing down to posterity, aliquid 


posteris tr., Liv. 8, 19, med.: this would 
be hod down to posterity, hoc posteris 
memoriae traditum iri, Liv. 3, 67, init. : 
Cic. 2. prodo, didi, ditum, 3 (usage 
similar to preced.): Cic.: Nep.: also 
with abl. memoria, of what has been h.’d 
down and preserved traditionally : Caes. 
B. (Gis, 12>) Gic: 

— over: trado, 3: V. GIVE UP, DE- 
LIVER UP. 

— round: 1, circumféro, 3, i77.: 
to h. round in bowls (a drink), in pa- 
teris c., Sall. Cat. 22: Pl. 2. divido, 
3: V. TO DISTRIBUTE. 

hand-barrow: (?) ferctilum (any- 
thing adapted for carrying other things 
upon): v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

hand-bell; tintinnabilum: v. BELL. 

hand-bill: |. A chopper: perb. 
dolabra: v. CHOPPER, HATCHET. I. 4 
single published sheet: libellus (the 
term applied to notices of confiscation 
or sale; playbills, etc.): ef. Cic. Phil. 2, 
38, init.: Dial. de Or. 9, med. (There 
seems to be no classical authority for 
scheda or scida in this sense; in Quint. 
I, 8, 19, it is = sheet, “ page,” q. Vv.) 

hand-book: 1, encbiridion (éyyeu- 
pidtov), i, m.: August. (title of book): 
M.L. 2, (pure Latin) libellus (any 
small book or short treatise) : v. TREATISE. 
(N.B.—No good authority for manuale 
in this sense.) 

hand-breadth : palmus: Vitr. (v. 
Of ah. in dimen- 
sion, pa‘maris, e: Varr.: Cod. 

handcuff (subs.): usu. pl.: manicae, 
arum: to put h.s on any one, m. alicui 
injicere, Pl. Capt. 3, 5, 1; m. addere, 
Sil. 17, 141; more forcibly, impingere, 
cf. Pl. Capt. 3, 5, 76. 

handcuff (v.): v. preced. art. 

handful: [. Lit.: 1, maniptlus 
(ah. of grass, hay, or the like): hs of 
Jern, manipuli filicum, Virg. G. 3, 297: 
Plin. 2. piigillus (as much as any- 
one can take up in the closed hand): a 
h. of lentils, p. lentis, Cato R. R. 158: 
Plin. (Pugnus, of which this is dimin., 
late in this sense: Marc. Emp. cir. 400, 
A.D.) I]. Fig., a very small quantity 
or number: Phr.: @ h. of men, parva 
manus, Sall. Cat. 7, jim.; stronger, exi- 
guae copiae, Nep. Milt. 4, extr. (of the 
Athenians at Marathon): cf. exiguae 
puppes, for ah. of ships, Lucan 3, 182: 
also abstr. for concr., by this h. of men 
the supremacy of the Lacedaemonians 
was shaken, qua paucitate percussa est 
Lacedaemoniorum potentia, Nep. Pel. 
23 V. FEW. 





hand-grenade: (?) malledlus bom- 
bardicus. 
handicraft; artificium (only appli- 
cable to occupations requiring sicill : ef. 
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, imit., where the special 
craft of an opifex is called artificium ; 
and Off. 1, 42, init., where mere trades 
are called quaestus): to learn a h., dis- 
cere a., Paul. Dig. 6,1, 31: to be engaged 
in any h., in aliquo art. versari, Mart. 
Dig. 32, 65, §2: Sen. (N.B.—Wot opi- 
ficium, which is rare = working.) Phr.: 
to get a poor living by some h., manuum 
mercede inopiam tolerare, Sall. Cat. 37 : 
Ter. (N.B.—Not opera: which is man- 
ual labour, service.) 
handicraftsman: artifex, icis: y. 
ARTISAN. 
handiwork: Opus, opificium: v. 
WORK. 
handily: perh. habiliter: ef. Liv. 
Epit. 57, scutum parvum h. ferre, 
handiness; perh. habilitas: v. pex- 
TERITY. 
handkerchief: sidarium (strictly 
for wiping off perspiration: also for 
other uses): Cat.: Mart.: Suet. Dimin., 
sudariolum, Apul. 
handle (subs.) : [ep nites Ae 
ansa: the h. of a drinking cup, poculi 
a., Virg.: the h. of a door, ostii a., Petr. 
Hence, having a h., ansatus: a vessel 
with h.s, vas ansatum, Col. 9, 15, post 
init. 2, manibrium (of a knife, 
sword, etc.: “haft”’): the h. of a knife, 
cultelli m., Juv.: of a ladle, truilae m., 
Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62. Hence, manubri- 
atns, furnished with a h., Pall.: Amm.: 
a small h., manubriolum, Cels. 3 
captlus (that by which anything is 
held): the h. of a plough, c. aratri, Ov. 
Pont. 1, 8, 57: esp. of a sword: v. HILT. 
. Fig.: occasion, opportunity : 
Phr.: to give as it were a h. for finding 
fault, tanquam ansam ad_ reprehen- 
dendum dare, Cic. Am. 16, ad jfin.: I 
have taken the h. out of his hand (Prov.), 
exemi ex manu manubrium, PL Aul. 3, 
Ayk2. 
handle (w.): J. Lit.: tracto, 1: 
what we taste, smell, h., quae gustamus, 
olfacimus, tr., Cic. Tuse. 5, 38, 111: to 
h.acup with greasy fingers, uuctis tr. 
calicem manibus, Hor. Comps., per- 
tracto (in same sense), Cic. Par. 5, 3, 38; 
contrecto, more precisely, with manibus, 
Hor. Ep. I, 20, 11; attrecto (esp. in such 
a manner as to defile): toh. books with 
polluted hands, libros contaminatis ma- 
nibus at., Cic. Harusp. 13, init. Il. 
Fig.: to treat in a certain way: 
Phr.: (somewhat) violently h.d, inju- 
riosius tractatus, Cic. Man. 5, 11; male 
mulcatus (with blows), Phaedr. 1, 3, 9: 
Vv. TO TREAT, MANAGE. 
handling: tractatio: v. 
MENT. 
handsome: |. In_ appearance : 
1, spécidsus (of striking appear- 
ance, conspicuously good-looking): a h. 
woman, mulier s., Ov. A. A. 3, 421: a 
very h. man (Alcibiades), speciosissimus 
homo, Quint. 8, 4, 23: a@ h. establish- 
ment, s. familia, Sen. Ep. 89, 5: Petr. 
(Not in Cic. in this sense). 2. pulcer 
or pulcher, formdsus (the latter rarely 
of the male sex): Vv. BEAUTIFUL. 3. 
décorus (comely, becoming a man): to 
take pleasure in h. arms, in d. armis 
libidinem habere, Sall. Cat. 7. 4. 
lautus (magnificent): a h. equipage, 
1. comitatus, Suet. Ep. 87, 4: v. SPLEN- 
pip. Phr.: a very h. young woman, 
egregia facie virgo, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 50: 
Cic.: the h. appearance of a town, 
praeclara species oppidi, Cie. Rep. 3, 
32: what a h. head of hair he has, 
caesaries quam decet ! Pl. I]. Large: 
in pbr., a h. fortune, opes speciosae, 
Tac. Agr. 44; fortuna sp., Quint. Decl. ; 
ampla [amplissima] fortuna, Cic. Verr. 
5, 8, inte. Ill. Generous: libéralis: 
Vv. LIBERAL. 
handsomely: i.e. liberally, lau- 
dably : praeclaré (admirably): Cic. 
Phr.: he shall vow he has been h. 
treated, bene dicet secum esse actum 
faxo, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 2. 


TREAT- 











HANDSOMENESS 


HAPPINESS 


HARBOUR 





handsomeness: spécies (praeclara) : 
_¥. HANDSOME (1, fin.). See also GENE- 
ROSITY. 
handwriting: 1, chirdgraphum: 
to imitate any one’s h., alicujus ch. imi- 
tari, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74. 2. (meton.) 
manus or litéra: Alexis's hand was so 
nearly like your h., Alexidis manus tam 
prope accedebat ad similitudinem literae 
tuae, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3. 
handy: hibilis, e (easily managed: 
or in act. sense, capable of managing 
easily): swords h. from their shortness, 
brevitate h. gladii, Liv. 22, 46. (For act. 
sense, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 115). See 
also SKILFUL. 
hang: A. Trans.: |. To sus- 
pend in any way: 1, suspendo, di, 
sum, 3: toh. up hams in the wind, per- 
nas s. in vento, Cato: the swallow hs 
tts nest to the rafters, tignis (in prose a 
prep. is more usu.: v. inf. I.) nidum s. 
hirundo, Virg. G. 4, 307. 2. figo, af- 
figo, 3: v. TO FASTEN. I]. To take 
away life by hanging : suspendo, 3: in 
this sense usu. foll. by de, e, in arbore: 
ef. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 278 (de ficu); id. 
Verr. 3, 23,57 (in oleastro) ; Quintil. 6, 
3, 88 (ex ficu); or abl. alone, Tac. Ger. 
12 (arboribus): also by dat., Vet. Leg. 
in Cic. Rab. perd. 4, 13 (infelici arbori)}; 
Liv. 1, 26, med. (The preced. phr. do 
not necessarily imply hat death en- 
sues: cf. Cic. Verr. 3, 23,57, extr.) Also 
absol., take a rope and h. yourself, capias 
restim ac te suspendas! Pl. Poen. 1, 2, 
184 (see also ae Phr.). Phr.: to. 
oneself, suspendio vitam finire, Suet. 
Aug. 65, med. (Vv. HANGING, subs.) ; 
fauces nodo elidere, Sen. Prov. extr.: go 
and be h.’d, i (abi) in malam crucem, 
Pl, Cas. 3, 5, 213 abi dierectus, dierecte, 
Pl. (pass.): you be h’d, vapula! Pl. 
Am. {, 1,217. — [|]. Zo allow to droop: 
démitto, si, ssum, 3. to h. down the 
head (of lilies), caput d., Ov. Met. 10, 
192: cf. Hor. S. 1,9, 20: Vv. TO LOWER. 
IV. Zo cover by hanging: 1, ves- 
tio, 4 (to cover ornamentally): toh. walls 
with pictures, parietes tabulis v., Cic. 
Verr. 4, 55, 122: Vv. TO CLOTHE. a. 
velo, 1 (poet.): cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 249, 
delubra festa velamus fronde; and Ov. 
B16; 312. 1B. Lntrans.; |. Lit.: 
pendeo, pépendi, pensum, 2: the drop 
hs from the nose, a naso stiria p., Mart. 
7, 37,5: Cic.: also foll. by ex (Cic. Verr. 
3, 26, 66), de (Petr. 30, init.), or abl. 
alone, when there is an attributive, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 546: a tiger’s skin h.s down his 
back, tigridis exuviae per dorsum p., 
Virg. Aen. 11, 577. Fig.: to h. on the 
crest of the wave, in summo fluctu p., 
Virg. Simly., comp. dependeo (to h. 
down: only in pres. tenses): Liv. : Suet. 
WW. Fig.: to b. wpon; be riveted 
with attention : 1, stiipeo, ui, 2 (to 
h. “ breathless”): cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 23, fin., 
haec quum loqueris, nos barones stupe- 
mus: also Virg. Aen. 1, 495: Hor. Od. 
Brat. 33% 2. verb. pendeo, 2: cf. 
Lucr. 1, 38: e tuo pendet spiritus ore, 
“his very breath h.s upon thy lips.” 
See also TO ENCHAIN. [J Also fig., 
toh. upon; i.e. to hover near, esp. with 
hostile intent : 1, perb. immiueo, ui, 
2 (to overhang, threateningly): cf. Auct. 
B. Alex. 7, imminentibus atque inse- 
quentibus: v. TO THREATEN, 2. hae- 
reo, si, sum, 2 (to stick close to, pursue 
pertinaciously): full expr., h. in terga 
{tergis, Curt.] hostium, Liv. 1, 14. 
back: griivor, 1 (to make a 
difficulty about anything): diibito, 1: 
v. TO HESITATE, DECLINE. 
On: pendeo, 2: v. TO DEPEND. 
Over: impendeo, immineo: 
V. TO OVERHANG, IMPEND. 
to; haereo, adhaereo: v. To 














CLING TO. 
hangdog: furcifer, éri: Cic. Vat. 6, 
extr. 


hanger: perh. pigio, Onis, m.: 
DAGGER, SWORD. 

hanger-on: assecla, cliens: v. DE- 
PENDENT. 

hazzing (subs.): |, Death by 
hanging : suspendium : (a person) killed 


v. 





by h., suspendio interemptus, Plin. 28, 
I, 2: Cic.: Suet.: v. TO HaNG (A, I, 
phr.). —{J, Only in pl., hanging dra- 
pery: aulaea, orum (curtains, awnings, 
etc.): a bedstead with splendid h.s, au- 
laeis superbis sponda, Virg. Aen. 1, 
697: Hor. S. 2, 8, 54: Vv. CURTAIN, DRA- 
PERY. 

hanging (adj.): 1, pensilis,e: h. 
chandeliers, p. lychnuchi, Plin. 34, 3, 8: 
pensilis is also used of all structures not 
on the ground-floor, as in pensiles borti, 
Curt. 5, 1, med.: Plin.: Vitr. 2, pen- 
dilus (of a nature to hang down, 
pendulous: chiefly poet.): h. cheeks, p. 
genae, Plin. 14, 22, 28: h. dewlap (of 
oxen), p. palearia, Ov. Met. 7, 117: 
Hor.: Mart. 8. pendens, ntis (ac- 
tually h. at the time: part.): v. To 
HANG (B). 4, démissus (allowed to 
hang down): arms h. down (awk- 
wardly), d. brachia, Quint. 2, 13, 8: Pl.: 
comp. Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 44. 5, fluens, 
ntis (loosely h.): h. cheeks, f. buccae, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266: Virg. See also 
DROOPING, FLABBY. 

hangman: carnifex, icis: v. EXE- 
CUTIONER. (Very oft. a term of re- 
proach, Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 12.) 

hanker after: perh. expéto, 3: 
TO LONG FOR. 

hap (subs.): fors; quod fit casu: v. 
CHANCE. 

hap-hazard: Phr.: in a h. way, 
temere [ac fortuito], Cic.: v. RANDOM 
(ar). 

hapless; miser: v. UNFORTUNATE. 

haply; fortassé: v. pERHAPs. 

happen : 1, accido, di, 3 (this 
and foll. verbs in present sense only in 3 
pers. sing. and pl.: of either unfortunate 
or fortunate events: often with dat.) : 
ith.’d to be full moon, accidit ut esset 
luna plena, Caes. B. G. 4, 29: Cic.: Nep.: 
it h.’d very unfortunately that you did 
not see him, accidit perincommode quod 
eum non vidisti (where the latter clause 
is the subject), Cic. Att. 1, 17, 1: the 
subj. may also be an tn/fin., Cic. Fam. 
6, 11, nec enim acciderat mihi opus 
esse: toh. fortunately for any one, ali- 
cui satis opportune ac., Caes. B.G. 4, 
22: Cic. (N.B.—J, you, he h.’d to be, 
must be expr. by accidit ut essem, esses, 
esset: comp. inf7.). The simple verb 
cado also occurs (rarely) in this sense: 
if aught untoward should h., si quid ad- 
versi casurum foret, Liv. 35, 13, jin.: 
ef. Cie. Fam. 5, 19, med., quum aliter 
res cecidisset ac putasses. 2, con- 
tingo, tigi, 3 (to fall to the lot of any 
one; usu. with dat.): if does not h. to 
everybody (is not everybody's good luck), 
non cuivis homini contingit (with infin. 
as subj.), Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 36: also absol., 
that hd through no fault of mine, 
{nulla} mea culpa id contigit, Cic. de Or. 
2, 4, 15. (Contingo is most freq. used 
of what is fortunate, but not always so, 
cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 7, 17, tibiidem [[sc. fa- 
tum] quod illis accidit contigisset.)  ¥, 
événio, .véni, ventum, 4 (fo come to 
pass: not necessarily implying acci- 
dent): I feared those things would h. 
which have done so, timebam ne eveni- 
rent ea quae acciderunt, Cic. Fam. 6, 21 : 
we h.d to be at the Privernum estate, 
evenit ut in Privernati essemus, Brut. 
in Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 224 (but Cic. himself 
would prob. have said accidit): v. To 
OCCUR, TURN OUT (intr.). 4, fio, fac- 
tus, {iéri (to take place, whether acciden- 
tally or not): how h.s it, qui fit (ut)? 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 1: as often h.s, quod per- 
saepe fit, Cic. Am. 20, 75; ut fieri solet, 
ib. 21, 77. (For usu venire, v. TO Ex- 
PERIENCE.) 

happily: béné, beaté, feliciter: for 
syn. V. HAPPY. 

happiness: 1, feélicitas (strictly, 
luckiness, good-fortune): real (sub- 
stantial) h., sobida f., Plin. 7, 44, 45, 


Vv. 


Jin.: cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 24, 57, Si potest ulla 
2, usu. better expr. | 


esse in scelere f. 
by beitus, beate: it follows that h. con- 
sists in virtue, efficitur honestate una 
Vitam contineri beatam, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
15, 44: also in phil. lang. the neut. bea- 





tum may be used subs., cf. Cic. Lc. § 45, 
quid poterit beatum intelligi? all things 
which tend to h., omnia quae ad beate 
vivendum ferunt, Cic. Join: bene 
beateque [vivere]}, Cic. Par. 1,eztr. (N.B. 
—Beatitas, beatitudo, suggested by Cic. 
N. D. 1, 34, 95, are very rare in later 
writers.) 3, commédum, esp. in pi. 
(interest, advantage, comfort): to seek 
the h. of one’s sulgects, eorum quibus 
praesis commodis [utilitatique) servire, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8. Comp. the use of bona, 
Virg. G. 2, 458. Phr.: 1 was my 
h...., mibi contigit (foll. by injin.), 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 41: Vv. TO HAPPEN, See 
also FELICITOUSNESS. 

happy: |, Of human life: 1 
beatus (truly h.): h. the man, b. ille, 
qui...., Hor. Epod. 1, init.: Cie: v. 
HAPPINESS (2), 2. felix, icis (lucky, 
successful): used poet. of real happi- 
ness: thrice and more than thrice h., 
f. ter et amplius, Hor. Od. 1, 13, 17. 3, 
fortinatus (favoured of fortune): su- 
premely h. (busbandmen), nimium f, 
Virg. G. 2, 458° V. FORTUNATE, 4. 
faustus: Vv. AUSPICIOUS. I], Ot Inn- 
guage, well chosen: iddneus, aptus, ac- 
commodatus ad rem: v. APPROPRIATE. 
Or perb. felix: v. FELICITOUS. ill. 
Successful in treating a subject : felix: 
cf. Plin. 34, 8, 19 § 10, Praxiteles mar- 
more felicior: also Hor, A. P. 34, in- 
Jeliz operis summa. 

harangue (subs.): contio (concio), 
Onis, f. (an address delivered to a popu- 
lar assembly, to soldiers): he delivered 
anh. before the soldiers, c. apud milites 
habuit, Caes. B. C. 3, 73: Cic.: riotous 
hs, turbulentae c., Cic. See also SPEECH. 
Yo deliver an h., contionari; foll by 
apud, Caes. B. C. 1, 7; by ad, Suet. Aug. 
84, extr. 

harangue (v.): contidnor, 1: ¥, pre- 

. art, 

haranguer: contidnator: Cic. Cat. 
4, 5, 9 (in bad sense). 

harass: _|. Im gen. sense: 1. 
sollicito, 1 (to disquiet ; render uneasy): 
many things h. and annoy me, multa 
me s. anguntque, Cic. Att. 1, 18,1: Ter. 
Join: fanimum] excruciare et s., Cie. 
Fin. 1, 16, 50. 9. vexo, 1 (stronger 
than preced.): to be h.’d with grave 
alarms, magnis terroribus vexari, Nep. 
Att. 9, med.: vexo is oft. used of rough 
usage, maltreatment, by soldiers or 
others: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 3. fatigo, 
défatigo, 1 (the latter intens.: to weary 
out, wear out): cf. Vell. 2, 34, [Creta 
insula] per triennium Romanos exer- 
citus fatigaverat: v. TO WEARY. 4. 
exigito, 1 (toh. continually ; keep na 
state of alarm): h.’d in war by the 
Suevi for many years, ab Suevis multos 
annos exagitati, Cues. B. G. 4,1: v. TO 
TROUBLE. 5, distineo, ui, tentum, 2 
(to draw different ways): to be h’d by 
lawsuits, litibus distineri, Nep. Att. 9, 
med.: V. TO DISTRACT. 6. exerceo, 
2 (to keep engaged ; trouble): Cic. ll. 
In milit. sense, fo molest: carpo, psi, 
ptum, 3 (to keep upa series of attacks 
upon): esp. with another verb: [ag- 
men hostium] male habere et c., Caes. 
B. C. 1, 63; ¢. atque impedire, ib. 78; 
c. atque premere, Liv. 8, 38, med. See 
also TO DISTRACT. _— 

harassing (@4j.) : 
TROUBLESOME, ANNOYING. 

harbinger: 1, praenuntius, /. -a: 
the bird the h. of dawn, lucis pr. ales, 
Ov. F. 2, 767: stars the h.s of great mis- 
Jortunes, stellae magnarum calamitatum 
pr., Cic. N. D. 2,5, 14. 2, ant&cursor: 
V. FORERUNNER. 

harbour (svbs.): portus, is: the h. 
of Caieta, p. Caietae, Cic. Man. 12, 33: 
to sail out of h., e porta solvere (opp. to 
in p. ex alto invehi), Cic. Mur. 2,4: to 
reach a h., p. capere, Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 


modlestus ¥. 





p. tenere, Ov. H. 17 (7%) 198: Cic. 
Fig.=place of refuge, retreat: to be- 
take oneself to the h. of phiiosophy, se in 
portum philosophbiae conferre, Cic. Fam, 
4, 30: the senate was the h.and refuge of 
kings, peoples, nations, regum, populo- 


| Tum et nationum p. erat et refugium 


368 


HARBOUR 


HARE 


HARMONIZE 





senatus, Cic. Off. 2, 8, init. Abounding 
tn h.s, portuosus: Sall.: Cic,: having 


no h.s, minime portuosus, Cic. Fam. 6, | 


20 (navigatio minime p.). 

harbour (°.): Reilarams:: £0 
give refuge or shelter to: (hospitio) ex- 
cipio, c. pi, ceptum, 3: V. TO ENTERTAIN. 
Comy. Liv 26, 25, med., eum ne quis 
urbe, tecto, mensa, lare reciperet: v. TO 
RECEIVE. ll. Intrans.: to find 
shelter (of aniials) : 1, obsideo, sédi, 
sessum, 2 (é0 beset): frogs h. in ponds, 
Tanae stagna obs, Plin. 11, 18,19. 2, 
stibiilor, 1. to h. among the stunes (of 
fish), in petris st., Col. 8, 16, ad #'n. 

harbourer: réceptor: ah. of thieves, 
furum r., Ulp. Dig. 1, 18, 13. Cic. has 
receptator in sim. sense, ipse ille latro- 
num occultator et receptator locus, Cic. 
Mil. 19, 51. 

harbourless ; importudsus: Sall. : 
Plin. jun. 

harbour-master: liménarches (Ac- 
fevapxys): Paul. Dig. 11, 4, 4 (pure 
Lat. magister portus, Cic. Att. 5, 15, 
extr.). 

hard (aqj.): |. To the touch: 1, 
dirus: things soft and h., mollia, dura, 
Ov. Met. 1, 20: Hor.: Virg.: more 
fully, d. tactu, Plin. 26, 8,30. Very h., 
praedurus, Tac.: Plin. 2. rigidus (in 
this sense chiefly pvet.): v. STIFF, RI- 
GID. I]. Yo some other sense: durus: 
a h. (opp. to flexible) voice, d. vox, Quint. 
II, 3,15: Cic. See also HARSH. WI. 
Fig.: trying, distressing: 1, durus: 
ah. condition, d. conditio, Cic. Mur. 23, 
47: h. times, d. tempora, Liv. 34, 5, 
med.: to live a h. life, d. vitam vivere, 
Ter, Ad. 5, 4, 5: ‘tis h., durum! Hor. 
Od. 1, 24, extr. Q. asper, éra, érum 
(rough: hence, abounding in difficul- 
ties): h. (trying) circumstances, res a., 
Sall. Cat. 10: Cic.: v. HAZARDOUS. 38, 
gravis, €: V. GRIEVOUS. 4, iniquus 
(strictly, unfair; hence, pressing se- 
verely upon): cf. Cic. Quint. 2, 8, quid 
hoc iniquius aut indignius dici potest: 
v. UNFAIR. 5, indignus (unworthy, 
undeserved): to look upon anything as 
very h., pro indignissimo habere, Liv. 1, 
42, init. Phr.: h. conditions, condi- 
tiones tristes, Liv. 21, 12, med.; gravia 
atque acerba [imperata], ib. c. 13, extr.: 
peace on h. terms indeed, but necessary, 
pax magis necessaria quam aequa, ib. c. 
13, med, IV, Difficult: difficilis, ar- 
duus: V. DIFFICULT. V. Unfeeling: 
dirus: V.HARD-HEARTED. YJ]. Ofcold, 
cecessive: acer, acris, acre: Vv. KEbtN. 

hard (adv.): Phr.: to strive h., 
eniti (Vv. TO STRIVE): to fight hard, enixe 
dimicare, Liv. 8, 17: to worl /., enixe 
operam dare, Liv. 6, 40, init. incum- 
bere in or ad aliquam rem, Cic. (v. TO 
DEVOTE ONESELF): to drinic h., perpo- 
tare (V. TO DRINK, BOOZE): it goes h. 
with any one, in [magno] discrimine 
alicui res vertitur, Liv. 29, 7, imtt.: h. 
earned prize money, collecta viatica mul- 
tis aerumnis, Hor. kp. 2. 2, 26: h. beset 
with perils, multis undique cincta [Sici- 
lia) periculis, Cic. (v. TO SURROUND) : 
a h.-fought field, atrox proelium, cf. 
Liv. 21, 29; durum prvelium, id. 40, 16, 
med- 

harden: A. Trans.: |, Lit.: 
to make hard : ], duro, 1: to h. the 
hoofs (of a mule), ungulas d., Col. 6, 37, 
fin.: Plin.: esp. in p. part.: snows hid 
on the ground, duratae solo nives, Hor. : 
Liv. 2. indiro, 1: the North wind 
h.s the snow, nivem ind. Boreas, Ov. Tr. 
3, 10, 14: to become h.’d, indurari, Plin. 
ene, FA CE 3, expr. by circuml. (ali- 
quid) durius facere, reddere: v. TO 
MAKE. Il. Fig.: to render hardy 
or callous: 1, duro,1: toh. the timbs, 
the mind, membra, animum d., Hor. S. 
I, 4, 119: to h. an army by endurance 
of danger, patientia periculorum exer- 
citum d., Vell. 2, 78: h.’d to every crime, 
ad omne scelus duratus, Tac. 9, in- 
duro, 1: to h. the mind, animum ind., 
Sen. Ep. 51, 5. To become h.d, obdu- 


rescere (to become callous, insensible) : I 


have become quite h.’d to that, jam ad 
ista obduruimus, Cic. Att. 13, 2: also 
362 





indurescere (to become confirmed), Quint. 
1, oy 22! B. Intrans.: to become 
hard: 1. diiresco, dtrui, 3: water 
h.s (in freezing), d. humor, Cic. N. D. 2, 
10; zO2) Wangs: sae: 2. indiresco, 
3: before the grains of corn quite h., 
ante quam ex toto grana indurescant, 
Cold 25 21% anit: 8. obdiiresco, 3 
(more freq. in fig. sense): Cato: Varr. 
See also TO CONGEAL, CURDLE. 
hardened (part. adj.): chiefly in 
phr., to be or become h,: v. TO HARDEN 
(A, IL). 
hard-fisted ; avarus: v. GRAS:.NG. 
hard-fought: v. HaRD (adv.). 
hard-hearted; durus, ferreus, in- 
hamanus esp. in combination: cf. Cic. 
Verr. 5, 46, init., quis tam fuit durus et 
ferreus, quis tam inbumanus ? v. CRUEL, 
UNFEELING. 


hard-heartedness: 1. _crideli* 
tas: Vv. CRUELTY, 2. ingenium du- 
rum atque inexorabile: cf. ‘Ter. Ph. 
3, 2, 13. 


hardihood: durum os: v. EFFRON- 
TERY. 

hardily: diriter (im hardship and 
toil): Ter. Phr.: brought up h., a 
puero labore patientiaque assuefactus . 
Vv. TO ACCUSTOM. 


hardiness: i.e. of bodily constitu- | 


tion: robur, Oris: 
DURANCE. 


hardly) |} 


v. ROBUSTNESS, EN- 


With hardness, seve- 


rity: duré, diriter; crideéliter: v. SE- | 


VERELY, HARSHLY. I]. With diffi- 
culty: vix, aegre: Vv. DIFFICULTY (L., 
jin). (ll. Scarcely: vix: v. SCARCELY. 
hard-mouthed: Pbhr.: ah. horse, 
durior oris equus, Ov. Am. 2, 9, 30. 
hardness: J. As physical qua- 
lity : duritia ov diirities, ei (the former 
usu. in Cic.) h. (insensibility) of mind 
or body, d. animi, corporis, Cic. Dom. 36, 
extr.: Lucr. See also HARSHNESS. _ ff, 
Severity : 1, iniquitas: h. of the 
times, in. tempcrum, Liv. 35, 16, jin. 
Q, acerbitas: v. BITTERNESS. ||, 
Hard condition: diritia, labores, ete. : 
Vv. HARDSHIP. 
hardship: J. Something unfairly 
imposed: injuria: v. INJURY. 0 lool 
upon anything as @ h., aegre, graviter 
ferre, foll. by acc. and inf., Cic. Tusc. 4, 
27, 593 graviter et acerbe ferre, id. Verr. 
150, 58:03 52: ll. Trial, pricavion: 
1, labor (trying toil): to be worn 
out by no h., nullo 1. fatigari, Liv. 21, 4, 
med,: the hs of @ soldter’s life, militaris 
1, Liv. 23, 18, fin.: v. TOI. 2, ma- 
lum (evil in gen.: chiefly poet.): (the 
Ligurian) inured to h., assuetus malo, 
Virg. G. 2, 168: esp. in pl., the cruel hs 
of exile, of war, dura fugae m., dura 
belli, Hor. Od. 2, 13, 28: (an army) 
proof against all human h.s, adversus 
omnia humana m. duratus, Liv. 22, 18. 
3, aerumna (afflicting, trying la- 
bour): prize-money accumulated with 
much h., collecta viatica multis aer., 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2,26. Phr.: to grow inured 
to h., duritiae patientiaeque insuescere, 
Tac. Ann. 6, 34: abounding in h.s, asper : 
the siege became every day more trying, 
attended with h., erat in dies gravior atque 
asperior oppugnatio, Caes. B. G. 5, 45. 
hardware; ferramenta (ion tools): 
Varr. R. R. 1, 22, med. A h. manufac- 
turer, ferramentarius, Firmic. Phr.: 
all kinds of h., *cujusvis generis instru- 
menta quae de ferro fabricantur. 
hard-won: V. HARD (adv.). 
hard-working: v-. INDUSTRIOUS. 
hardy: 1, durus: the brave and 
h. Spartans, fortes et d. Spartiatae, Cic. 
Tusc. 1,43, init.: the Ligures a h., war- 
like race, Ligures durum in armis genus, 
Liv. 27, 48, med. 9. robustus: v. 
ROBUST, STRONG. 8, expr. by circuml., 
patiens inediae, laboris, trigoris, etc. : 
com. Salt. Cat. 5, init. 
hare: lépus, ris, m-.: the h. is the 
only animal that superfetates, 1. om- 
nium solus superfetat, Plin. 8, 55. 81 (a 


| female h., 1. femina]: the timid h., pa- 


vidus 1., Hor.: the long-eared h., auritus 
L, Virg.: Caes. Dimin., lepusculus (a 
poor little h.), Cic. N. D. 1, 31, extr.: 





hare’s fur, lana leporina, Ulp. Dig. 32, 
40,9: ah.-sicin, pellis leporina. 

hare-bell ; *campanula rotundifolia 
(Cycl.). 

hare-brained: témérarius: v. RasH 

hare’s-ear: (a plunt): bupleuron, 
i, m.: Plin. 

hare’s-foot: (a plant) : 
podis, 7. : Plin. 

hare-lip; labrum fissum: cf. Cels 
n, 12,6. (*Labrisculum., Parr-). 

hare-lipped! cui labrum fissum est : 
v. preced. art. 

harem: gynaecéum (strictly, the 
women’s part of a house): Lact. Mort, 
Pers. 21, med. Phr.: to buy female 
captives for ah., *captivas coemere quae 
pellices [regis, etc.] fiant: v. concu- 
BINE. 

hark (intenj.): heus! cf. Ter. Heaut, 
2, 3, 107, Syre, Syre, inquam, heus, heus, 
Syre! 

hearken; audio, 4: v. TO HEAR, 
LISTEN, OREY. 

harlequin: perh. sannio, morio: v. 
JESTER. 

harlot : 1, mérétrix, icis, f.: 
Ter.: Cic.: v. PROSTITUTE. Q, scor- 
tum, neut.: Ter.: Cic. 

harlotry : (a term of reproach) : 
mérétricium : to practise h., m. ta- 
cere, Suet. Cal. 40, ext7.: see also DE- 
BAUCHERY. 

harm (subs.): damnum: v. DAMAGE, 
INJURY. 

harm (v.): ndceo, 2 (with dat.); 
laedo, si, sum, 3 (with acc.): v. TO HURT, 
INJURE. 


lagopus, 


harmful; ndécivus, noxius: v. 
HURTFUL. 

harmless : |. Not hurtful (of 
things) : 1, inndcuus: a species of 


wolf, h. to man, laporum genus, homini 
innocuum, Plin. 8, 34, 52. 2. inno- 
cens, ntis: draughts of h. Lesbian, in. 
pocula Lesbii, Hor. Od. 1, 17, 21: Plin. 

8, innoxius: Plin. |], Free from 
malice : 1, innécuus (o/ a nature to 
do no wrong): Ov. Met. 9, 373. 2). 
innécens: v. INNOCENT, BLAMELESS. ¥ 
expr. by circuml., fraude malitiaque 


liber, carens: Vv. MALICE. ll. Un 
harmed: incdlimis: v. SAFE. 
harmlessly : expr. by adj.: we have 
lived h., viximus innucuae, Ov.: v. 
HARMLEssS (I1.). Comp. sine fraude, Hor 
Od. 2, 19, 20. 
harmlessness : innécentia: e. g 


ferorum animalium, Plin. 

harmonic; *harménicus: scient. ¢. t 

harmonics: harmonicé, és, 7.: Vitr. 

harmonious: |. Ofsounds: 1, 
concors, dis: a h. sound, c. sonus, Ov. 
M. 5,664. 2. consdnus: the h. strings 
of the lyre, c. tila lyrae, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 60. 

8, canorus: v. MELODIOUS, TUNE- 

FUL. |], Fig.: well suited to each 
other, agreeing: 1, concors, rdis: a 
well-ordered and h. condition of the 
state, moderatus et c. civitatis status, 
Cic. Leg. 3, 12, 18. 2. expr. by con- 
cino, ui, centum, 3: all the parts of the 
universe being h., omnibus inter se 
concinentibus mundi partibus, Cic. N. D. 
2, 7, 19: V. TO HARMONIZE. 3, con- 
sentiens, conspirans: cf. Cic. N. D. le. 
See also CONSISTENT, AGREEING (adj.). 

harmoniously: |. Qf sounds: 
consonanter: Vitr. I]. Fig.: con- 
corditer: to live with any one very h., 
cum aliquo concordissime vivere, Cic. 
Rab. perd. 5, init. 

harmonize : A, Trans.: to 
adjust harmoniously : 1, compono, 
posui, itum, 3: esp. to adjust differences, 
quarrels: cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 10 [compo- 
nere lites]. 2, expr. by consentio, 
cohaereo, concino: to h. the elements of 
the universe, *efficere ut mundi partes 
apte inter se cohaereant atque consen- 
tiant: Vv. TO AGREE, FIT TOGETHER. BB, 
Intrans.: |. Of musical sounds : 

1, concino, ui, centum, 3 (usu. 

merely to sing or sound together) : more 
fully, consentire atque concinere, Cic. 
in Col. 12, 3, med. 2. expr. by con- 
centus, us: to h. in various ways, Va- 
rios aequabiliter concentus efficere, Cie 


HARMONY 





Rep. 6, 18: cf. Sen. Ep. 84, 10° v. HAR- 
mony. (Consonare denotes simply @ 
conjunction of sounds: cf. Sen. 1. ¢.) 
II. Of other things; to jit harmo- 
niously together: 1, concino, 3: see 
you how well these things h., videsne ut 
haec c.? Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83 (where the 
term is thus explained, respondent ex- 
trema primis, media utrisque, omnia 
omnibus) cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19- 2. 
cShaerco, 2: V TO FIT TOGETHER. 3 
consentio, 4: V. TO AGREF. 
harmony: |. Of sounds: 1. con- 
centus, us: h. of sounds, sonorum C¢., 
Cic. Off. 1, 40, extr.: Sen.: v. TO HAR- 
MONIZE (B., 1., 2). 2. concordia: h. 
of sounds, c. yorum, Cic, in Col. 12; 2, 
med. 3, harmonia: cf. Vitr. 5, 4: 
but strictly harmonia is rather a tune, 
melody, and does not imply consonance : 
cf. Cic. N. I). 3, 11, 27, where canere ad 
harmoniam is fo sing in tune. 4, 
harmonica, barmonice (the science of 
music): Vitr. 5, 4. (Symphonia is 
music in general; aconcert.) |], Fig.: 
agreement + 1, convénientia: h. of 
parts (with each other), c. partium, Cic. 
Off. 1, 4,14. Join convenientia con- 
sensusque [uaturae], Cic. Ni Dy 3; 51, 
28; c. et conjunctio, id. Div. 2, 60, init. 
Q, consensus, consensi0: V. AGREE- 
MENT (comp. spr. 1). 8, concentus, 
iis (rare in this sense): Join: consen- 
sus [doctrinarum] concentusque, Cic. de 
Or. 3; 6,21. 4, concordia (esp. of 
feeling): the h. of classes, © ordinum, 
Cic. Att. 1, 18, 4: V. CONCORD. 5. 
cdhaerentia (the right adjustment of 
parts): cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 155. Phr.: 
in h., concorditer (Vv. HARMONIOUSLY) : to 
be in h., consentire, concordare, congru- 
ere, concinere ; V. TO HARMONIZE, AGREE. 
harness (subs.): of horses, elec. 3 
j, insiramenta equorum: Isid. Or. 
20, 16, lem. 9, ornamenta, orum: h. 
for oxen, asses, Or. bubus, asinis, Cato, 
ROR. 10; 11. 3, ornatus, us (esp. of 
a splendid Ieind): in princely h., regio 
instratus o., Plin. 8, 42, 64 (where lan. 
reads, regio instratu ornatus) : V. EQUIP- 
MENT. 4, equestria arma: two sets 
of h. bina eq. arma, Liv. 35, 23, extr. 
Phr.: a horse fit for the saddle or to go 
inh., ad vecturam [ad rhedam ] idoneus 
equus, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, ad fin. (Forcell.) : 
to die in h. (fig.), in actu mori, Sen. Ep. 
8, init. See also ARMOUR. 
harness (v.): _ 1, jungo, adjungo, 
3: V. TO YOKE. . insterno, 3; Vv. TO 
SADDLE. 
harp (subs.): 
8.V.): V, LYRE, 
i, 3: Cic. 
harp (v.): |. Lit.: psallo, cino 
(fidibus): v. TO rLay (on an instru- 
ment). Il. Fig.: to keep reiterating 
the same thing: Phr.: you are always 
hing on the same string, cantilenam 
eandem canis, Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 10: he 
was ever h.ing on the theme of these 
women’s charucters, harum mores canta- 
bat mihi, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 19: what the 
W-natured poet keeps hang upon, quod 
malevolus poeta dictitat, ib, prol. 22. 
harper ag inis, m.: jf. fidi- 
harpist {cina: psaltes, ae, m. ; afi 
psaltria: v. LYRIST. 
harpoon (swbs.) : *jaculum hamatum 
(Kr. and Georg.). 
harpoon (v.): jaculum infigo; ja- 
culo transfigo: v. TO TRANSFIX. 
harpsichord : _(®) clavichordium 
(Georg.). 
harpy: |. The fabulous creature : 
harpyia (trisyll.): Virg. Aen. 3, 365. 
I]. 4 rapacious person : homo rapax: 
V. EXTORTIONER. 
harridan: ‘nus putida (odiosa): cf. 
Hor. pod. 8, init.; scortum exoletum, 
Pl. Poen, prol. 17. 
harrier : ciinis, cittilus: v. HOUND. 
harrow (subs.): 1, irpex, icis, m. 
(also, hirpex, urpex ; @ toothed instru- 
ment drawn over the soil by oxen. 
rare): Varr. L. L. 5, 3% § 136: Cato. 
2, rastrum, pl. usu. rastri (any 
rake): h.s of ponderous weight, iniquo 
pondere rastri, Virg. G. 1, 164. Vv. RAKE. 


lyra (see Dict. Antiq. 
To play on the h., psallo, 


| 





HARSHNESS 


HASTE, HASTEN 





3, crates, is, 7. (a hurdle-h. : more 

fully, viminea c., Virg. G. 1, 95 + Cato 

harrow (.): 1, occo, 1: toh. the 
soil, ie. to pulverrse the clods, (agrum) 
oc. id est, comminuere, ne sit gleba, 
Varr. 1, 31, init.: to h. corn-fields, se- 
getes oc., Hor, Ep. 2, 2, 161° Plin. Q. 
expr. by irpex, rastri, crates, with a 
verb: glebas frangere (comminuere) ir- 
pices s. rastros per agros trahendo cf. 
Virg. G. 1,95 

harrower~: occator. Col. 

harrowing (suvs.): oceatio Col. 

harrowing (adj.) : perb. atrox, hor- 


rendus, terribilis: v. TERRIBLE, HORRIBLE. | 


harsh; |, Zotheear: 1, raucus 


(hoarse): the h, sound of brass, aeris ¥. | 


canor, Virg. G. 4, 71 h cymbals, r. 
cymbala, Prop. Hor. v. HOARSE. 
asper, Gra, erum (rough): a voice soft 
or h., vox lenis, aspera, Quint. I1, 3, (5 
the h. letter (R), a. litera, Ov F. 5, 481. 
3, tractus (broken, crashing : chiefly 
poet.): the h. sound of trumpets, f. son- 
itus tubarum, Virg. G. 4, 72. @ A. mur- 
mur, ft. murmur, Jac. G. 3. 4, durus 
(as thet. term, unpleasing to the ear): 
h. in its sounds (of the Latin lang.), 
dura sonis, Quint. 12, 10, 27: h. syllables, 
d. syliabae, ib. § 30. 5, horridus (also 
rhet.: rugged, uncouth): Quint. 1. ¢. 
$28. Phr. ah. crashing noise, aridus 
tragor, Virg. G. 1, 357. i. Of flavours: 
acrid, severe: austérus: wine of ah. 
flavour, vinum a., Cels. 2, 24: ah. fla- 
vour, sapor a., Plin. 25, 5, 20; gustus a., 
Col. 12, 12. See also SOUR, PUNGENT. 
II]. Of temper, character - 1. 
dairus (unfeeling): to behave in a h. 
and inhuman manner, se d. agrestem- 
que praebere, Cic. Or. 43, 148. h. com- 
mands, d. imperia, Virg. G. 2, 369: % 
STERN. Q, séverus: V.SEVERE. 3, 
immitis, e (merciless, inexorable): the 
h. tyrant (Pluto), im. tyrannus, Virg. G. 
4, 492: Liv. Joim: asper et immitis, 
Epigr. in Suet. Tib. 59. 4, asper: 
a h.and stern doctrine (of the Stoics), 
doctrina a. et dura, Cic. Mur. 29, 60. 
5, inclémens, ntis (opp. to mild) : 
a h, word, in. verbum, Liv. 9, 34, jin. 
See also FIERCE, CRUEL. IV. OF 
language, style: 1, dtirus (hard; 
lacking grace and elegance): both ex- 
pressions are exceedingly h., utrumque 
omnino d., Cic. N. D. 1, 34,95: A. in the 
composition of verse, d. componere ver- 
sus, Hor. S 1, 4, 8. Somewhat h., du- 
riusculus, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 5. Join: 
fosetinne) durus, incultus, horridus, Cic. 
rut. 31, init. 9, horridus (wncouth, 
rugged): the h. Saturnian metre, h, ille 
numerus Saturnius, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 157: 
words that are a little h., verba hor- 
ridiora, Cic. Br. 17,68. Qnint. Join: 
aspera, tristis, horrida [oratio], Cic. Or. 
5,20. Dimin., horridulus (somewhat h.), 
Cic. 3, asper (stronger than preced., 
positively harsh and grating): usu. with 
some other word: abrupt, h. composi- 
tion, compositio praefracta et a., Sen. 
Ep. 114, 15: so, compositio dura atque 
a., Quint. 9, 4, 142. 
harshly : |. Of sounds : ale 
raucum, rauca (poet.; comp. L, G. 
§ 344): his armour rang h., arma rau- 
cum gemuere, Sil. 2, 257: Virg. 9. 
expr. by raucus, asper, durus, with a 
subs. ¢ to sound i., *sonitum raucum .,. 
edere: vV. HARSH. |]. Severely, un- 
mercifully : 1, asptré: (Cato) ad- 
dressed the Roman people h. and vehe- 
mently, aspere apud P, R. et vehementer 
locutus est, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227. 2. 
inclémenter: to assail any une some- 
what h. (in words), inclementius in ali- 
quem invehi, Liv. 3, 48, med.: Pl.: 
Ter. (For sy 0., V. HARSH.) 
harshness: _ |. Of sounds: 1, 
aspéritas (soni): Tac. G. 3. 2, expr. 
by adj.: there is a h. about the sound, 
*nonnihil rauci, duri atque horridi, 
sonus habet: v. HARSH. {]. Of fla- 
yours: austeritas, acerbitas: v. SOUR- 
NEss, |fJ. Of behaviour: — 1. aspéri- 
tas: to stand in dread of the h. of an 
uncle, avunculi a. vereri, Nep. Att. 5, 
init.: without h., yet not without strict- 





| 


ness, sine a., nec sine severitate, Vell. 2, 
2. inclémentia (unmercif ulness; 


rare). Virg. 3. Acerbitas: v. BIT- 
TERNESS, SOURNESS. 4, saevitia: v. 
CRUELTY. See alsoseverity. |¥, Of 


duritas et se- 
(Or expr. by 


style: diritas: Join. 
veritas, Cic. Or. 16, jin. 
adj.: v. HARSH, LV.) 

hart. cervus: cerva  v. DEER. 

hart’s-tongue: perth. lingulaca, Plin. 
(*Scolopendrium vulgare, Withering.) 

harvest : messis, is, f. (strictly the 
act of reaping ; meton., te crops reaped) < 
you must begin h. before... ., ante mes- 
sis facienda est, quam. . Col. 2, 21, 
ad init.: Varr.: there had been a failure 
in the h., m. nulla fuerat, Cic, Att. 5, 21, 
6: enormous h.s, immensae m., Virg. 
Fig.: the h. of the Sullan period, Sul- 
lani temporis m., Cic. Par. 6, 2, 46. 
Phr. the h. being over, demessis fru- 
mentis, cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 32. h.-time, 
tempus demetendis tructibus [accom- 
modatum], Cic. Sen. 19, 71. See also 
CROP, PRODUCE. 

harvester; messor: Vv. REAPER. 

harvest-home: perh. messium festa 
V. FESTIVAL. 

hash (subs.): minital, Alis, n.: Juv 
14,129. Fig.: of that which is wrought 
up over again, crambe repetita, Juv. 7, 
154: also applied to a medley of sub- 
jects, farrago~ Juv. 1, 86. 

hash (v.): comminuo, i, itum, 3: ¥. 
TO MINCE. 

hasp: perh. fibula (used of fasien- 
ings of diff. kinds): v. Lat. Dict. s. v 

hassock; perb. pulvinus: Vv. CUSHION, 

haste (subs.): ], céléritas: v. 
SPEED. 9. festinatio (actual hurry): 
a letter written in great h., plena festi- 
nationis epistcla, Cic. Att. 5, 14, extr.: 
Join. celeritas festinatioque, Cic.. v. 
HURRY. 3, propératio (needful speed 
or dispatch): Cic. Fam. 16, 27. : 
propérantia (= preced.): Sall. Jug. 36, 
jin. Phre: there was no reason for h. 
nibil erat, cur properato opus esset [ pro- 
perato nil opus erat), Cic. Mil. 19, wnit.: 
why in such h., quid festinas? Ter. Eun. 
4, 3, 8 (Vv. TO HASTP, B.): see also DES- 
PATCH (II1.), 
,in: 1, propérus(adj.): Tela- 
mon comes up in h., venit Telamon p. 
Ov. Met. 7, 647: Tac. Q, propéré 
Vv. HASTILY. 

haste, hasten (v.): A. Trans.: 

1, accéléro, 1 (to accelerate): to h. 

a march, iter a., Caes. B.C. 2. 39: Tac. 
A. 12, 46 [oppugnationem ac.- al. cele- 
rare }. 9, propéro, 1 (to push for- 
ward a work with due expedition: more 
freq. intrans., Vv. infr. ll.): toh. ma 
journey when begun, coeptum iter p., 
Tac. H. 3, 40. Prop. 3, matiro, I 
(like propero; only seldom intrans.) : 
toh. a march, iter m., Caes. B. C. 1, 63: 
to h. any one’s end, m. mortem alicul, 
Cic. Clu. 61, 171. 4, festino, 1 (im- 
plying greater urgency than preced.): 
to h. flight, f. fugam, Vitr. (in Cic. usu. 


” 





absol.) v. TO HURRY. 5, praecipito, 
1 (to bring on prematurely): Vv. TO 
HURRY OX. 6. incito, 1 (to set in 


rapid motion) : opp. to retardo {motum], 
Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 103. , Intrans; 
in which sense to make haste is often 
preferred : 1, propéro, 1 (for syn. 
v. supr.): what reason had he Jor hang 
to Rome, quae causa cur Romam pro- 
peraret? Cic, Mil. 19, init.: toll. by 
infin., ni Marius signa interre pro- 
perasset (had made ali haste), Sall. Jug. 
56, fin. hasten (make haste), propera ! 
Be 9, festino, 1: though you do h, 
(are in haste), the de lay were not long, 
quanquam festinas, non est mora longa, 
Hor. Od. 1, 28, fin. v. To HUBRY. ; 
matiro, 1 (with infin.): he hs to quit 
the capital, maturat ab urbe proficisci, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 7: J entreat you to make 
haste to come, oro ut venire matures, 
Cic. Att. 4, I, jin. 4, contendo, di, 
tum, 3 (to direct one’s course expedi- 
tiously: usu. with infin. or absol.): he 
hs to set out for Britain, in Britanniam 
proficisci contendit, Cues, B. G. 4, 20: 
ne hs into Italy at long Ee in Ita- 
303 


HASTE AWAY 





liam contendit magnis itineribus, ib. 1, 
ro (very freq. in Caes.). 5, accéléro, I 
(somewhat rare in this sense) : Cic. Cat. 
2, 4, init.: Liv. 3, 27, extr. (“accelera 
signifer! sequere miles !’’): Virg. See 
also foll. artt. 6, curro, ciicurri, 
cursum, 3 (familiar): Curio h.d_ to 
Puteoli, cucurrit Puteolos Curio, Cic. 
Att. 10, 4, 3: Plin. Ep. 

haste away: Avolo, 1 (lit. fly away): 
they h. away to Rome, Romam [citatis 
equis] avolant, Liv. 1, 57: Cic. Phr.: 
h. away! fugite! Virg. Aen. 3,640. we 
h. away from the place, nos procul inde 
fugam celerare, ib. 666: h. away from 
(the city), egredere propere! Nep. Epam. 
4, med. 

— back; récurro, curri, 3: they h. 
back to the carriage, recurrunt ad rhedam, 
Cic. Mil. 10, 29: Liv. 

— down: deévdlo, 1 (lit. fly down): 
Liv. 2, 29, med. 

— forwards, before: il 
praecurro, ciicurri (curri), cursum, 3: 
strengthened by propere, ler. Hec. 3, 3, 
10: the cavalry h. forward, pr. equites, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 39. 9, excurro, 3: to 
h. forward to meet any one, ex, ad ali- 
quem, Cic. Fam. 3, 7, med. 

— on: repraesento, 1: he would h. 





on what he had meant to postpone, se 
quod in longiorem diem collaturus esset, 
repraesentaturum, Caes. B, G. 1, 40, jin. : 
see also simple verb. 
— through: percurre, 3: Caes. 
—— towards: 1. accurro, 3: v. 
f£O RUN TOWARDS. 9. occurro, 3 (in 
order to meet some one or attend some- 
where) : he h.’d to meet Caesar, Caesari 
venienti occurrit, Caes. B. C. 3, 79, ext. 
(See also TO HASTEN.) 
hastily; |. haste: 1, pro- 
pére: Pl.; Liv.: Nep. (not Cic.) 9. 
propéranter (also not in Cic.): SallL.: 
‘Tac. 3. expr. by propérans (v, L. G@ 
§ 343): Ihave writien this h., pro- 
perantes haec scripsimus, Cic, Att. 4, 
4,4. 4, festinanter, raptim: v. HUR- 
RIEDLY. Jf. Of temper, in a fit of 
passion: expr. by stomachans, stoma- 
chosus, subiratus; v. ANGRY, ANGRILY. 
hastiness: |, Haste: qv. Ih 
Quicle temper: J, iracundia (some- 
what stronger than Eng.): v. PASSION- 
ATENESS. 2, meton. cérébrum (the 
supposed seat of choler): Hor.S. 1,9, 11. 
hasty: |. Hurried : 1. pro- 
pérus, praepropérus (the former not in 
Cic.): an over-h. canvass, praepropera 
prensatio, Cic. Att. 1, 1, init.: see also 
HASTE (in). 9. festinatus: ah, wed- 
ding, f. nuptiae, Suet. Aug. 69: Ov. 
3, festinus (rare and poet. = festi- 
nans): Ov. Met. 11, 347. See also 
QUICK, SPEEDY. 4, praeceps, cipitis : 
V. PRECIPITATE.  |J, Quick in temper: 
1, cérébrdsus (hot-headed): Hor. 
S. 1, 5, 21 (comp. felicem cerebri, ib. 9, 
IT) 9, iracundus (prone to passion) : 
is one a, little h., iracundior est paullo ? 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 29: V. PASSIONATE. BY 
stOémachosus (more usu.—~peevish; ct. 
Cic. de Or. 2, 69): the h. rider (the poet 
himself), s. eques, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 12 
4, irae properus: Tac. Ann. 11, 26. 
5, irasci celer (poet.=ad irascendum 
celer): Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 25. See also 
IRRITABLE, PASSIONATE. Phr.: a Little 
h,, paullo commotior, Tac. Ann. I, 33. 
hat; nearest word perh. pétisus 
(broad-brimmed, as worn by Mercury) : 
PL: Arnob. Wearing such a h., peta- 
satus: they (the letter-carriers) come 
with their h.s on (ready), petasati ve- 
niunt, Cic. Fam. 15, 17: he would never 
walk in the open air with his h. off, non 
nisi petasatus sub divo spatiabatur, Suet. 
Aug. 82. Seealsocap. Phr.: to take 
one’s h. off, caput aperire, cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 
31, med.: to keep it off, capite aperto 
esse, Warr. (fr.); c. nudato esse, ef. Virg. 
Aen. 12, 31; lo keep it on, capite operto 
esse, Cic. Sen. to, fin. 
hatch (v.): J, Lit: ofeggs: 1, 
excliado, si, sum, 3: Col. 8, 5: more 
fully, ex ovis pullos ex., Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 
init.: also absol. (saepe). 2, édo, 
didi, ae 3: to rear chickens when 
3 





HAUGHTINESS 


already h.d, editos pullos educare, Col. 
Lice 8, exciibo, ui, itum, 1 (to sit 
upon eggs till they ave h.d): Vv. TO SIT 
(of birds). [J, Fig.: to form, concoct : 
1, cdquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to ripen, ma- 
ture: less collog. than Eng.): to h. 
plans in the dark, consilia secreto c¢., 
Liv. 3, 36. In same sense, concoquere 
({clandestina consilia], Liv. 40, 11. P 
machinor, 1: v. TO CONTRIVE. Phr.: 
whatever abomination is anywhere h.’d, 
quidquid usquam concipitur nefas, Hor. 
Od. 2, 13,9. See also TO concoct. 
hatch (subs.): only in pl., the hatches: 
perh. cancelli, claustra; v. Lat. Dict.s. vv. 
hatchet; ascia (for hewing, chip- 
ping wood, etc.): Plin. 7, 56, 57 § 198: 
XIL. Tab. in Cic.: Vitr.: v. AXE. 
hatching (subs.):_ 1, perh. pul- 
latio: Col. 8, 5, med. (but the word ap- 
pears to include the entire breeding of 
Souls). Q. better expr. by excludo: 
the best eggs for h., ova aptissima ad 
excludendum, Col. l. c. 
hate (v.): 1, ddi, part. Osus ; in- 
tens. perosus (perf. with pres. sense), 
def.: toh. any one bitterly and deeply, 
aliquem acerbe et penitus odisse, Cic. : 
to h. desperateby, male o. (colloq.), Caes. 
in Cic. Att. 14, 1: about to h., osurus, 
Cic. Am. 16, 59: the plebs utterly h.d 
the name of consuls, plebs consulum 
nomen perosa erat, Liv. 3, 34, fin. 2. 
expr. by ddium and a verb: v. HATRED. 
hate (subs.): v. HATRED. 
hated (part. adj.): invisus (usu. 
with dat.): v. HATEFUL. Compar. in- 
visior (worse hated), Suet. Tib. 13. 
hateful : 1, ddidsus (scarcely so 
strong as the Eng.): a h. class of people, 
o. genus hominum, Cic. Am. 20, 71: 
PL: Ter.; v. OFFENSIVE. 9. invisus 
(esp. poet.: exposed to settled hatred) : 
the realms h. to the gods, regna diis i., 
Virg. Aen. 8, 245: cf. ib. 1, 387. 3 
expr. by dat. of ddium (v. L. G. § 297): 
how h. cruelty is to all men, quanto 
sit odio omnibus crudelitas, Cic.: v. 
HATRED. 4, inamabilis, e (wnlovely) : 
Virg.: Ov. 
hatefully: Sdidsé: Cic. 
hatefulness: perb. atrocitas: v. 
HEINOUSNESS. Or expr. by ddidsus, ddio: 
Y. HATEFUL. 
hater: Osor: Pl.: Apul. 
hatred: 1, édium: h. is anger 
deeply vooted, 0. est ira inveterata, Cic. 
Tusc. 4,9, 21: to stir up h. against any 
one, 0. [acerbum, magnum] in aliquem 
excitare, coucitare, struere, Cic.: to be 
an object of h. to any one, alicui [magno ] 
odio esse, Cic.3; also, in odio esse, Cic. 
Att. 2, 21, init.: to incur any one’s h., 
alicujus 0. suscipere, subire 5 in alicujus 
o. [offensionemque] irruere, Cic. (v. TO 
INCUR). 2, inimicitia: v. ANIMOSITY. 
See also OPIUM, UNPOPULARITY. 
haughtily: 1. sttperbé (proudly 
and tyrannically): he answered h., and 
governed tyrannically, s. respondebat, 
crudeliter imperabat, Nep. Paus. 3: 
Liv.: Cic. (compar.). 92. arréganter: 
Vv. ARROGANTLY. 8. térociter (in a 
Jierce, defiant manner): V. FIERCELY. 
4, magnificé: Cic.: Liv.: v. Pom- 
pousty. Phr.: to act h. superbum, 
arrogantem se praebere (Vv. HAUGHTY) ; 
superbire, Cic.: v. PROUDLY, INSOLENTLY. 
haughtiness: 1, stperbia: v. 
PRIDE. Join: superbia, fastidium, 
arrogantia, Cic. Off. 1, 26, init.; inso- 
lentia, superbia, contumacia, id. Verr. 
4, 41, 89. . animi, orum (high 
spirit): as riches engendered h., quum 
divitiae jam animos facerent, Liv. 1, 34. 
Join: animi ac spiritus, Cic. Manil. 22, 
extr. 3, spiritus, tis (esp. in pl.: 
overweening spirit, presumption): he 
had contracted such h. and arrogance, 
tantos sibi sp., tantam arrogantiam 
sumpsisset, Caes. B. G. I, 33: more 
fully, feroces sp., Liv. 1, 33, med.: v. 
supr. (2). 4, arrdgantia: v. ARRO- 
GANCE. 5. insdlentia: v. INSOLENCE. 
6, fastidium: v. DISDAIN. Me 
fastus, lis (scornful air and mien): h. is 
innate in the fair, f. inest pulchris, Ov. 
8. férocitas, férdcia ( fierce, defiant 








HAVE 





bearing): presumption and unbearable 
h., arrogantia atque intoleranda ferocia, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 33,,fin.: cf.Cic. Vat.1,2. 9, 
contiimacia: V. PRESUMPTUOUSNESS. 

haughty: 1, stiperbus (proud and 
tyrannical): he was h. in prosperity, 
superbum se praebuit in fortuna, Cic. Att. 
8, 4, init.: men at once most guilty and 
most h., nocentissimi, ilidemque superbis- 
simi, Sall. Jug. 31, med. 2, arrégans: 
Vv. ARROGANT. 3, conttimax (inflated, 
presumptuous): Join: quis contuma- 
cior, quis superbior? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
jit. : V. PRESUMPTUOTS. 4, insdlens 
(cverweening) : V. INSOLENT. Phr.: to 
be, show oneself, h., superbire, Cic.; al- 
tiores spiritus gerere, lac. H. 3, 663 se 
efferre insolenter, Cic. ‘Tusc. 4, 1]. 395 [in- 
toleranda] superbia se efferre, Sall. Jug. 
14, med.: h, words, magna verba, Sen. 

haul (v.) : 1, traho, xi, ctum, 3: 
the machines h. (ashore) the dry-keeled 
ships, tr.que siccas machinae carinas, 
Hor.: v. TO DRAG. 2. dédiico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (to h. down to sea: of snips): 
Vv. TO LAUNCH. 3, subdiico, 3 (esp. to 
h. up ships on to the beach): more fully 
(naves) in aridum sub., Caes. B. G. 
29: also absol., id. B. C. 3, 23: Liv. 

4, rapio, pui, ptum, 3 (with vio- 

lence): toh. any one to justice, aliquem 
in jus r., Pl.: Hor.; to prison, in oar- 
cerem r., Suet.; to punishment, ad sup- 
plicium r., Cic. 

haul (subs.): jactus, is (= quod uno 
jactu retis capitur): to buy of a fisher 
his entire h., j. retis a piscatore cmere, 
Ulp. Dig. 19, 1, 11 § 18. 

haulm: culmus, calamus: v. STALK. 

haunch:: cliinis, is, f.: fine hs (of a 
horse), pulchrae c., Hor.: of a boar, 
Juv.: to sink upon the h.s, residere in 
clunes, Plin. 8, 37, 55. 

haunt(v.): |. Toresort frequently 
to: célébro, concélébro, fréquento : v. TO 
FREQUENT. |]. Of spirits, ghosts, etc. : 

1. Agito, 1 (to harass, disquiet): of 

Orestes, scelerum furiis agitatus Orestes, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 331: Pl. 9, insector, 1 
(to follow up angrily, spitefully) : Join: 
agitare atque insectari, Cic. Leg. 1, 14 
49. 8. inquiéto, 1 (¢o disturb): the 
gardeners were h.d by ghosts, hortorum 
custodes umbris inquietatos, Suet. Cal. 
59: those whom guilty conscience h.s, 
diri quos conscia facti mens habet atto- 
nitos, Juv. 13, 193: he is h.’'d in his sleep 
by you, te videt in somnis, ib, 221. See 
also HAUNTED. 

haunt (swbs.): expr. by notus, sdlitus, 
or some such adj.: as, here amid your 
familiar h.s by the waters, hic inter flue 
mina nota, Virg. E. 2, 51: simly., notae 
paludes, id. G. 1, 363. Sometimes loca 
may suffice: cf. Lucr. 1, 926. Phr.: 
this delightful h., hae latebrae dulces, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 15: (V. RETREAT) the hs 
of wild beasts, lustra ferarum, Virg. (v. 
DEN): but of men, lustra is always used 
in bad sense: v. BROTHEL. 

haunted: Phr.: ah. house, domus 
in qua monstra fiunt, domus scelesta, cf, 
Pl. Most. 2, 2, 723 larvarum plena, ef. 
id. Amph. 2, 2,155 ; *omnibus terricula- 
anentis referta: v. GHOST. 

have: |. Zo possess: 1, expr. 
by sum, fui, esse (person possessing in 
dat.; object possessed in nom.) : he had 
a large property in stock, erat ei Tes 
pecuaria ampla, Cic. Quint. 3,12: Z have 
a father at home, mihi domi pater est, 
Virg. The dat. is freq. omitted: cf, 
Sall. Cat. 5, satis [ei erat] etoquentiae, 
sapientiae parum. Also when a quality 
is described by « subs. and adj., sum 
may be used personally, with gen. or 
abl. (L. G. § 274): he had 
strength of mind, tuit [Catilina] magna 
vi animi, Sall. Cat. 5, init.: he ts said 
to have had a fair complexion, well- 
formed limbs, fuisse traditur colore 
candido, teretibus membris, Suet. Caes. 
45. 2. habeo, 2 (to possess ; have mm 
one’s control): the accursed greed of 
having (possessing wealth), amor scele- 
ratus habendi, Virg.: he had a farm in 
the territory of Labicum, babuit fundum 
(more emphatic than fundus ei erat) ip 








=. 


HAVEN 


Labicano, Cic. Par. 6, 3, 50: he had 
plenty of eloquence, habebat satis elo- 
quentiae, Nep. Cim. 2, init : to h. power 
of life and death, vitae necisque potesta- 
tem h., Cic. Often with a double acc, 
(L. G § 245) he had Sophocles as his 
colleague in office, Sophoclem collegam 
in praetura habuit, Cic.: or with some 
defining phr., toh a sister in marriage, 
sororem in matrimonio habere, Nep. 
Cim. init. See also TO POSSESS, INVOLVE, 
ENTERTAIN (IIL). 8, itor, asus, 3 
(implying habitual acquaintance with) : 
he had a very hard beginning of man- 
hood, duro admodum initio usus est, 
Nep. Cim. int. to h, a just master, 
justo u. domino, Cic. Rep. 2, 23, extr. 

4, géro, ssi, stum, 3 (chiefly poet. - 
of what is carried about one): Argus 
had a hundred eyes in his forehead, 
centum fronte oculos gerebat Argus, 
Ov Virg. v to wear. Simly, fre- 
quent. gesto we h. not hearts so wi- 
Jeeling, non obtusa adeo gestamus pec- 
tora, Virg. Aen. 1, 567. 5, téneo, 2: 
Vv TO HOLD, POSSESS. I, Zo be under 
obligation to do scmething: expr. by 
ger. part.; we h, to struggle against 
old-age, resistendum est senectuti, Cic. 
(v L.G § 536). Il]. Zo attend to 
anything being done: ciiro, 1: esp. 
with ger. part.: he had a (statue of an) 
heifer made, buculam curavit faciendam, 
Cic. Div 1, 24,48 to have any one put 
to death, aliquem interficiendum c., Nep. 

IV To hold in opinion: (rare): 
Spinor, hibeo, diico, etc.- v. TO HOLD, 
THINK. Miscell. phr.. there I h. 
you (in argument), hic te teneo, Cic. 
Quint. 20, 63; teneo te, id. Acad. 2, 
extr,: he who has the power, quem penes 
est potestas, Cic.: Caes.. to h, rather, 
malle (v. TO PREFER): h. at him wtth 
your fists forthwith, ne mora sit quin 
pugnus continuo in mala haereat Ter. 


Ad. 2,1, 17: toh. on (a garment, indu-| 
tum esse . TC CLOTHE): h. @ care, cave, 


sis! Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 29. 
haven: portus, is: v. HARBOUR. 
haversack; saccus, sacctlus: v. 
SACK, BAG. 
havoclk’ 1, strages, is, f. (wide- 
spread destruction): to spread h., s. 
dare, Liv. 4, 33, med.: Virg.: to spread 
h. and destruction amongst the enemy, 
strage ac ruina fundere (hostes), Liv. 5, 
43, med. 9. caedes: v. SLAUGHTER. 
haw: the fruit of the hawthorn,*baca 
) crataegi oxycanthae (R. and A.). 
hawk (subs.): accipiter, tris, m. and 
.: Lucr.- Hor. 
hawk (v.): |. To force up phlegm 
from the throat: exscreo, 1 (toh. up): 
toh. up phlegm in cough, per tussim ex. 
pituitam, Cels,. Suet. Also the simple 
verb screo and comp. conscreo occur. 
Phr_ toh. up phlegm from the bottom 
of the lungs, ab imo pulmone pituitam 
trochleis adducere, Quint. 11, 3, 56. ff, 
To sell goods as a hawker: vendito, 1: 
more fully, vicatim, ostiatim (from vil- 
lage to village, house to house): often 
in fig. sense, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, 135, 
decreta, imperia venditare: v. TO SELL, 
I]. 70 hunt with hawks : *falconibus 
venor (R. and A ). 
hawker: *qui merces suas vicatim 
(per vicos), ostiatim venditat: v. TO 
SELL. 
hawk-eyed: lyncéus (strictly, like 
the hero Lynceus; keen-sighted): Ci 
Fam. 9, 2, med. Comp. Hor, 8. 1, 2, 91, 
Lyncei (al. Lynceis) oculis. 
hawkweed: 1, *hiéracium; Linn. 
2. accipitrina: Apul. 
hawser: perh. rétinacilum: Liv : 
V, CABLE. 
Pewthorn: *crataegus oxycantha 
inn.). 
hay: fénum or foenum (strictly, hay- 
grass): to cut h., f. demeteze, caedere, 
Col. 2, 19; secare, Cato in Plin, 18, 28, 
67, § 259° Plin.: todry or turn h., f. sic- 
care, convertere, Col.l.c.. to get inh., f. 
colligere, sub tectum congerere, Col. l.c, 
Phr. to make h. while the sun shines, 
perh. occasionem amplecti, arripere: v 
OPPORTUNITY. 





HE 


hay-cock: *féni acervus, cumulus 
(feni meta in Col. 2, 19, is a hay-rick). 

hay-cutter: fénisex, sécis, m.- 

arr. Plin. less freq. fenisector (al. 
feni sector), Col. 11, 1, post init. 

hay-fork: furca, furcilla [fenaria] : 
V FORK. 

hay-harvest; fénisécium~ esp. in 
pl., to attend to the h., fenisecia adminis- 
trare, Varr. R. R. 1, 17: Col. 2, 19, extr.: 
the fem. fenisecia also occurs, Varr. R. R. 


I, 49- 

haylote fénilla, ium, 7.; Col 1, 6, 
ad med.: Virg. (sing. does not occur). 

hay-maker: *qui fenum demetit, 
convertit, ete.: Vv. HAY. 

hay-making:; fénisécla, orum: vy. 
HAY-HAKVEST. 

hay-market; *forum fénarium. 

hay-rack: jacca or jacea: Veget.: 
Gesn. Lex. Rust. 

hay-rick, hay-stack: féni méta 
(of conical shape): to pile hay in ricks, 
fenum in metas exstruere, Col. 2, 19: 
Plin. 18, 28, 67, fin.. Col. hus acervus in 
same sense, l. c. 

hazard (subs.): 
éricilum: V. DANGER. 2. alea 
becitntly, gambling): a work full of 
perilous h,, periculosae plenum opus 4., 
Hor. Od. 2, 1, 6: Cic.: v. RISK. Il. 
Chamce, gambling: flea: Cic.. Suet: 
Vv. GAMBLING. 

hazard (v.): 
preced. art.) and a verb: unnecessarily 
to h. all, summam rerum [temere | in a. 
non necessariam dare, Liv. 42, 59, fin. : 
V. RISK. 2. expr. by discrimen, péri- 
cilum, and a verb: v. TO ENDANGER. 
Phr.. toh. oneself and one’s fortunes, 
se suasque fortunas in dubium devocare, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 7: cf. in dubium incer- 
tumque revocare, Cic. Caec. 27, 76: to h. 
« battle, belli fortunam tentare, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 36. 

hazardous: 1. périciildsus: v. 
DANGEROUS. 2. aleae plénus: v. Ha- 
zarD (I., 2). 8. asper, éra, érum 
“full of difficulties and risks): in h. 
times, in {periculis atque] a. temporibus, 
Cic. Bal. 9, init.: in 80 h. a business, in 
eo tam a. negotio, Sall. Jug. 98, init. 

hazardously: non sine periculo, 
satis cum periculo, periculose: vy DANGER, 
DANGEROUSLY. 

haze: nébila: v. Foc. 

hazel (subs,) : 1, corylus (Gr. x6- 
pudos): hardy h.s, durae c., Virg. G. 2, 
65: Plins 2) Guz) avellana (the tree 
or the fruit): Plin. 16, 30, 53. 

hazel (adj.): |, Made of hazel- 
wood: cdlurnus. h. spits, c. verua, Virg. 
G. 2, 396. I]. Lively brown, of the 
colour of a hazel-nut: perh. spadix (the 
colour of a ripe date, Gell. 2, 26, med.), 
or fulvus, flavus: v. TAWNY, BROWN. 

hazel-grove: corylétm : Ov. 

hazel-nut; mux avellana: cf. Plin. 
37, 4, 15, § 56. 

he (pron.): 1, as subject to verb, 
when not emphatic, expr. by term. of 
3rd pers. sing. of verb: v. L. G. § 357. 

9. when a particular person is em- 

phatically indicated, ille, illus (demon- 
strative pron., v..L. G. § 365): he [Cae- 
sar] isn’t likely to be at Athens by the 
1st of Sept., ille ad Kal. Sept. Athenis 
fore non videtur, Cic. Att. 11, 21, med.: 
it is sometimes repeated pleonastically, 
v. L. G. § 615. 3, hic, hujus (the man 


|. Danger: 1, 
al 


here present or who is the subject of dis- 


course: Gr. o§ros): Vv. THIS. 4. is, 
jus (the person named in the context, or 
defined by rel. clause): there was an old 
merchant; he was shipwrecked off An- 
dros, fuit quidam senex mercator ; 
navem is fregit apud Andrum, Ter. 
Andr. 1, 3, 16: Cic.: since he is uncour- 
teous, who... ., Quum sit is inhumanus 
qui...., Cic. Off. 3, 24, te pass.). 8, 
ipse, ius (emphatically he himself): v. 
HIMSELF, 6, in oblique cases, sui, 
sibi, sé, or stsé (referring to the subject 
of the sentence: cf. L. G § 360, sqq.): 
he felt the less room for hesitation (he 
said), eo sibi minus dubitationis dari, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 14: Cic. ( pass.) See also 
THAT ( pron). 


1, expr. by Alea (v. | 


| mire, Cic. Phil. 2, 





HEAD 
he (adject. prefix): mas, marls, v 
MALE. 
head (subs ): |. Lit.: of the body. 


1. caput, Itis, n. (of men or ant 
mals; and by anal. of inanimate ob- 
jects): a small, graceful h., argutum c., 
Virg. G. 3, 80° his h. was bald im front, 
fuit capite praecalvo, Suet. Gal. 21: 
pitch aman h. foremost on the ground, 
aliquem capite pronum in terram sla- 
tugre, Ter. Ad. 3,2,18 h.s or tails (in 
tossing), capita aut navia (al. navim) 
(the reverse being a ship), Macr 1, 7, 
med.: to tumble h. over heels, ire praeci- 
pitem per caputque pedesque, Cat. 17, 

The h. of an onion, caepae c, cf. Ov 

‘ast. 3, 339 poppy h.s, papaverum 
summa c., Liv. 1, 54, med. Dimin. ca- 
pitiilum, a little h. (rave in lit. sense) 
Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 14. Q. vertex, Icis, m, 
bcd of theh.): to draw the haw forward 

rom the crown of the kh, capillum revo- 
care a v., Suet. Caes 45. from the sole 
of his foot (Nt. tips qf his nails) to the 
crown of lis h, ab imix unguibus usque 
ad v. bummum, Cic. R, Com. 7,20. 8, 
occIpitium (baok of the h.): to have eyes 
in the back of one’s h. (fig.), oculos tn 
oc. habere, Pi. Aul. 1, 1, 25: Varr.. Cels. 
Also occiput, [tis Pers. 1,62. Pbr 
having a large h., capito, onis, Cic. N. D. 
I, 29, tnit.: to lay hs together, con- 
ferre consilla, Ter Heaut. 3, 1, 45 (but 
also capita conferre, i.e. to engage in 
close conference, Liv. 2, 45, med.): to 
come tnto one’s h., alicul in nentem ve- 
16, 40. Ter.: pray, 
don’t get that idea into your h.! obsecro, 
ne istuc in animum {nducas tuum! Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 4, 5- you are all wisdom from 
h. to foot, tu quantus quantus es nibil 
nisi sapientia es, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 40 hea 
h. over ears in love, in amore est totus, 
Ter. Ad. 4, 2,50: I tremble and shudder 
From h, to foot, totus tremo horreoque 
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 3 (cf. supr. 2): to be over 
h. and ears in debt, aere alieno obrutum 
esse, etc. (v. DEBT). the wine had got 
into their h.s, incaluerant vino, Liv 4, 
57, med.; vinum iis in cerebrum abierat 
(colloq.), cf. Petr .41, extr. {i}. Fig.: 
the top of anything: 1, caput (cf. 
supr. 1): at either h. (of the bridge), ad 
capita, Plane. in Cic. Fam. 10, 18, jin. : 
v. END (LIL, 3). 2. expr. by sum- 
mus: v. TOP. Il. Uke maturated 
part of a boil, etc.; caput. to come to a 
h., c. facere, Plin. 22, 25. 76 Cels. 8,9, 
ad jin. Fig.: to come t a h., matures- 
cere: v.TORIPEN. |V. he froth of 
beer, wine flos, fléris, m.: Col. 12, 20 
To form a h., florere, Col. 1. c. V. 
Topic of discourse * 1, ciput: esp. 
used of the divisions of laws: from the 
Jjirst h. of the law to the last, a primo c, 
legis usque ad extremum, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 
15. 2, locus, pl. léci (ground of dis- 
course): cf. Cic. Or. 14, extr., locos quasi 
argumentorum notas tradidit- that was 
the second h. in the indictment against 
old-age, is erat 1. alter in vitiis senec- 
tutis, Cic. Sen. 9, init. VI. The prin- 
cipal thing: caput: Cic. Tuse. 5, 34, 98 
(caput coenae): the h. and front of my 
offending, quod faccusatorij criminum ¢ 
est, cf. Inv. 2, 7, 24: ea res in qua sum- 
ma judicii causaque tota consistit, ef, 
Cic. Quint. 9, 32. VIII. Chief, kader: 

J, ciput: the h.s of the conspiracy 
were beheaded, conjurationis capita se- 
curi percussi (not percussa) sunt, Liv 
10, 1, ad init.: sometimes the figure is 
carried out, corpori valido caput deerat, 
Liv. 5, 46, med.: Cic. 2. princeps, 
ipis: v.cHteF 8, cr yphaeus (strictly, 
of a chorus): (Zeno) the h. of the Epi- 
cureans, Epicureorum c., Cic. N D. 35 
21, 59. See also LEADER, Phr~ (i.) 
to be at the h. of: praesum, fui, esse 
(with dat.) : there is one Druid who is 
h. over all the rest, omnibus Druidibus 
pr. unus, Caes. B. G. 6, 13. v. TO COM- 
MAND (II, 3) (li) to place at the h.: 
praeficio, praep6no Vv TO APPOINT GG 
5, 6). Vill. Abdity: ingénium, in- 
ddles: v. ABILITY, CAPACITY 

head (adj.): only as prefix: perh 
antistes Itis, c.: cf. Col. 3, 21, med 

305 


HEAD 


HEALTH 





antistites (vindemiatorum), #H.-cook, 
archimagirus, Juv. g, 109. 

head (v.): i. e. to act as head or 
leader: ducem, auctorem se praebere: 
Vv. LEADER. 

head-ache: 1. capitis dolor: a vio- 
lent h., vehementior capitis d., Plin. 24, 
9, 38: intolerable h., d. capitis intolera- 
bilis, Cels. 4, 2: often pl., Cels. 2, 8, 
med,: Plin. 9. capitis gravitas (a@ 
Feeling of oppression in the head: Plin. 
27,12,105. 3, céphalaea (a peculiar 
and violent kind of h.): Plin. 20, 13, 51, 
§ 135: Cels. writes the word as Gk., 
Eee 4, céphalalgia (very rare); Plin. 
Valer. Phr.: 7 have ah., caput mihi 
[vehementer] dolet, cf. Plin. 24, 5, Lo. 

head-band: vitta, infila v. FILLET. 

head-dress: vitta (the usual h. worn 
by maidens and modest women gene- 
rally): cf. Ov. Rem. Am. 386, nil mihi 
cum vitta, (Thais in arte mea est: Val. 
FL. (Comptus in Lucr. 1, 88; and or- 
natus [capillorum], Ov. A. A. 3, 135, 
refer to the hair itself as dressed.) 

headed: only used as suffix: thick- 
h., bardus, sttiipidus (v. STUPID, DULL, 
V.): clear-h., perh. perspicax (sharp- 
sighted), Ver. Heaut. 5, 1, 1° long.-h., 
providus (Joreseeing). 

header (subs.): Phr.: to take ah. 
Srom a plank, praecipitem se dare de 
tabula: v. HEADFOREMOST. 

headforemost: 1. praeceps, ci- 
Pitis: to throw any one down h., aliquem 
pr. dejicere, Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86; dare, 
Hor. S. I, 2, 41: Vv. HEADLONG. 2. 
pronus (with the head downwards): he 
tumbles h., pronus volvitur in caput, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 115: cf. Ter. Andr. 2, 
2, 18. 

headland: promontorium: v. care. 

headless: truncus (mutilated in any 
way): tr. capitis, Sil 10, 311. ‘The 
subs. truncus is used absol. for a h. 
body, Virg. Aen. 2, 557. 

headlong (adv.): expr. by praeceps 
(both lit. and fig.), pronus: v. HEAD- 
FOREMOST. Ady. phr., in praeceps, Tac. 
Amn. 4,22: Ov. Fig.: to be driven h. 
(on desperate courses): praecipitem agi, 
Sall. Cat. 39. extr.; abire, ib. 25; ferri, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 46, 121. Phr.: to plunge 
h. from a place, praecipitare se e (loco), 
Cic. ‘usc. 4, 18, inet.; de (turri), Liv. 
23, 373 a (tecto), Sen. Ep. 4, 3. 

headlong (adj.): 1, praeceps, 
cipitis: h. madness, p. furor, Cic. Dom. 
34, tnit.: Suet. 2. témérarius: v. 


RECKLESS, 8. effrenatus (wnbridled) : 
Cic.: Liv. 
head-quarters: 1, praetorium 


(the general's tent): Caes. B. C. 1, 76: 
Veg. 3, 8, med. 2. principia, orum 
(that part of a Roman camp where the 
tents of the commanding officers were) : 
ef. Liv. 7, 12, jin., in principiis ac prae- 
torio: v. Crev. ad 1. 3, perh. cardo, 
inis, m. (any central position, to which 
military movements are referred): to 
make Ancona their h., Anconam velut c. 
habere, Liv. 41, I, med. 

headship: principatus, as: v. so- 
VEREIGNTY. 

headstrong: 1. perh. impdtens, 
ntis (not under control): v. UNGOVERN- 


ABLE. 2, pervicax, perversus: v. 
OBSTINATE. 
headway: Phr.: to make no h., 


*nihil itineris conficere. 

headwind: expr. by adversus : wnder 
ah., adverso flatu, Quint. 12, 11, 5 (but 
the term includes any unfavourable 
wind, cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 107, adversissimi 
venti): itis ah. to ships sailing from 
Athens, adversum tenet Athenis proficis- 
centibus, Nep. Milt. 1, extr. 

heady: |. Rash, precipitate: té- 
mérarius, praeceps (not as epith. of per- 
sons): V. RECKLESS, HEADLONG. |], Of 
wine, apt to get into the head: perh. 
fervidus: Hor. S. 2, 8, 38 Phr.: 
(wines) which are not h., quae caput 
non tentant, Plin. 23, 1, 20, extr. (cf. 
Virg. G. 2, 94); quae celeriter in cere- 
brum abeunt, cf. Petr. 41, ext7.; vina 
vehementia, cf. Plin. 1. c. § 21. 

heal: |, Trans.: 1, sano, 

366 











(to restore to a healthy condition): to h. 
an ulcer, vomicam s., Cic. N. D. 3, 28, 
70: (Machaon) h.’d the legs of Philoc- 
tetes, Philoctetae crura sanavit, Prop. 
Fig.: to h. the wounds inflicted on a 
province, 8. vulnera quae sunt imposita 
provinciae, Cic. Att. 5,17, jin. Join: 
convalescere et sanari [civitas], Cic. Sull. 
27, fin. (The comp. consano is used by 
Col. of the healing up of trees after 
pruning: R. R. 4, 29, ad med.) 2: 
médeor, 2, no perf. (to bring medical aid 
to, both lit. and fig.: with dat.): v. To 
curRE. Fig.: to h. the miseries of the 
commonwealth, afflictae et perditae rei- 
publicae m., Cic. Sext. 13, jin. SF 
médicor, 1 (rare in this sense, and poet. : 


with dat. or acc.): toh. the wound of a | 
spear, cuspidis ictum m., Virg. Aen. 7, 


756. See also TO cuRE. Phr.: toh.a 
breach, *dissensionem s. dissidium inter 
amicos tollere: that the breach between 
you might be completely h’d, ut omnia 
inter vos placarentur, Civ. Att. 1, 17, ad 
init. J. lutrans.: 1. sanesco, 
sanui, 3: such ulcers h. with difficulty, 
talia vulnera s. difficile, Plin. Join: 
coire atque sanescere [of an incised 
wound], Cels. 2, 10, ad fin. So comps., 
consanesco (to h. completely), Cic. Fam. 
4, 6, ad fin. : resanesco (to h. again), Ov. 
2, coeo, 4, ir. (to close ; of wounds) : 
Ov. Pont. 1, 3, 87: Cels. (v. supr.). 3. 
coalesco, alui, 3 (= coeo): the wound 
hs, vulnus c., Plin. 9, 51, 76. Phr.: 
the wound will h. over in time, tempore 
ducetur cicatrix, Ov. Pont. 1, 3, 15. 
heal-all: panacéa or panices, is, n.: 
lin. 
healer: 1. expr. by pres. part. of 
médeor (cf. L. G. § 638): in pl. = phy- 
sicians, Ov. M. 15, 629: Tac. 2, mé- 
dicus: Vv. PHYSICIAN, 3. sanator 
(very rare): Paul. Nol. (Usu. better 
expr. by verb: thou h. of .... O qui 
sanas, mederis, etc.: v. TO HEAL.) 
healing (adj.): ],. salutaris, e: 
h. herbs, herbae s., Ov. R. Am. 45: h. 
art, ars s., Hor. Carm. S 63: Plin.: Col. 
2. saliber, bris, e (poet. in this 
sense): h. words, s. verba, Ov. F. 6, 753. 
3. médicus: to apply h. hands, m. 
adhibere manus, Virg. G. 3, 455: h. 
virtue, Vis m., Plin.: the h. art, m. ars, 
Ov. 4, médicabilis, e (more usu. in 
pass. sense): @ h. juice, mi. succus, Col. 
7, 10, extr.: Val. Fl. See also MEDI- 
cinaL, Phr.: the h. art, medicina, me- 
dendi scientia, Cels. 1, 1: v. MEDICINE. 
healing (subs.): s&natio: Cic. (lit. 


and fig.). Or expr. by verb: v. TO 
HEAL. 
health: 14. sanitas (sound, good 


h.): Cic. Tuse. 4, 13, 30: to restore h. or 
to h., sanitatem, sanitati restituere, Plin. 
Join: (corporis) integritas sanitasque, 
Gell. 18, 1, med. 2. valétido (good 
or bad h.: esp. the latter): beauty, h., 
strength, pulchritudo, v., firmitas, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 13, 30: to enjoy (very good) h., 
bona, optima v. uti, Cic.: Caes.; firma 
v. uti, Plin. jun.: iJ h., v. incommoda, 
Cic. Att. 5, 8, init.; aegra, id. Brut. 48, 
extr.: delicate h., v. infirma, Cic. Brut. 
48, extr.; tenuis, id. Sen. 11, 35 [quam 
tenui vel potius nulla v.]: suffering 


from ill h., affectus valetudine, Caes. 


B. C. 1, 31: be sure to take care of your 
h., V. tuam velim cures, cura diligenter, 
fac ut cures, Cic. Fam. 14, pass.: to ex- 
cuse oneself on the ground of ill h., ex- 
cusatione uti valetudinis, Cic. in Pis. 6, 
13. 3. silus, itis, f. (restoration to 
h., opp. to fatal illness); v. RECOVERY. 
To drink to any one’s h., salutem alicui 
propinare, Pl. Phr.: (i.) to be in (good) 
h., Valeo, 2: I hope you are in good h., 
si vales bene est [S.V.B.E.], Cic. pass. : 
to be in good h., bene, optime, valere, 
Cic.; commode v., Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11: v. 
TO po (LV.). (jii.) to recover h., con- 
valesco, valui, 3: Cic. (lit. and fig.): v. 
TO RECOVER, intrans. (iii.) to drink to 
any one’s h., propino, t (passing the cup 
to the person complimented): I drink to 
the h. of Critias the fair, propino hoc 
pulchro Critiae, Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96: 
Mart.: v. supr. (3). “To the h. of Mes- 








HEA P 


sala!” let each say as he drinks, bent 
Messalam! sua quisque ad pocula dicat, 
Tib. 2, 1, 31 (R. and A.): see also FO 
GREET. 

healthful; salitaris, siliber: v. 
HEALTHY, WHOLESOME. Phr.: things h. 
or injurious to health, quae res (corpori) 
aut prodesse solent aut obesse, Cic. Off. 
2, 24, 86: necessary and h. exercise, ex-' 
ercilatio necessaria qua omnia conva- 
lescunt, Quint. 11, 3, 22. 

healthfully ; saltibriter: Cic.: Col.: 
Plin. (not salutariter in this sense). 

healthily; sailibriter: Cic. Sen. 16, 
57: V. WHOLESOMELY. 

healthiness: |. Of persons: bona, 
firma valetudo: v. HEALTH. 
place: 1, salibritas: A. 


natura [loci], salubre coelum: vy. 
HEALTHY. 
healthy: |. Of persons: 1 


sanus (in sound condition): h. bodies, s. 
corpora, Cels. init.: h. and well, s. atque 
validus, Gell. 18, 10, med.: s. recteque 
valens, Hor. Ep. 1, 16,21. Fig.: a h. 
mind, mens s., Juv.: v. SOUND. 2. 
validus (well and hearty): cf. Hor. Od. 
1, 31,17. Cic.: v. WELL (adj.). ay 
expr. by valetudo with an adj. (abl. of 
quality, L. G. § 318), or a verb: an ez- 
ceedingly h. person, firmissima valetu- 
dine homo; qui firmissima v. utitur: 
to look h., *v. (firmam) vultu prodere: 
Y. HEALTH. (Not salvus, which = safe 
and sound ; nor integer = unimpaired, 
q. V-) |]. Of places, climate: sa- 
luber, bris, bre: ah. place, h. year, s. 
locus, annus, Cic. (opp. to pestilens): @ 
district having a h. climate, ager s. 
cvelo, Col. 1, 2, med.: (the Apennines) 
most h. of mountains, saluberrimus 
montium, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 2. 
health-giving: 1. salitifer, éra, 
érum: Ov. 2. salitiger, éra, érum: 
Auson, 
heap (subs.) : 1, acervus (strictly, 
rising toa point; asa h. of grain): a 
h. consists of grains like itself, a. ex sui 
generis granis efficitur, Cic. ‘usc. 5, 15, 
45: a h. of silver (lit. brass) and gold, 
aeris a. et auri, Hor.: h.s of corpses, 
acervi corporum, Cic. Cat. 3, 19, 24. 
Adv, acervatim, im h.s: Luer,: Varr.: 
Col. 2. cumulus (a vast h.; strictly, 
of rounded jorm: ct. Virg. Aen. 1, 105, 
insequitur cumulo praeruptus aquae 
mous): a@ corpse buried under hs of 
slain, corpus obrutum superstratis [cae- 
sorum] cumulis, Liv. 10, 29, extr.: Vv. 
mass. 8, agger, Eris, m. of soil, stones, 
snow, etc.): V. MOUND, DRIFT. 
strues, is, J. (of thinys piled confusedly) : 
h.s of corpses, s. corporum, Tac. H. 3, 
83: Liv.: v. PILE. 5, congéries, é@i 
(any mass of things brought together) : 
‘Tac.: Plin. See also MULTITUDE, ACCU- 
MULATION. 
heap (v.): J, Lit.: to raise aheap: 
usu. foll. by up, together : 1, acervo, 
I (to form an acervus: v. HEAP, subs. 1: 
rare): Plin. The comp. coacervo (to 
together) is more freq.: dead bodies 
thrown down and h.'d together, dejecta 
et coacervata cadavera, Caes. B. G. 2, 
27: sometimes foll. by cumulo, cumulis, 
Liv. 22, 7, etc. 2, aggcro, 1 (to raise 
a mound): toh. up soil round (@ tree), 
terram circa ag., Col. Arb. 28: to h. up 
corpses, cadavera ag., Virg. ‘The comp. 
exaggero (to h. up high), is rare: Plin. 
3. ciimiilo, 1 (¢o pile together ; more 
freq. in fig. sense: v. infr. and TO AccU- 
MULATE): more fully, cum. in [magnum] 
acervum, Liv. 45, 33, invt.: Curt. Comp. 
accumulo, esp. of heaping soil to the 
roots of trees, Col.; also fig., v. infr. 
4, congéro, ssi, stum, 3 (to pile in 
@ Mass): V. TO PILE. ||. Zo amass 
riches, etc. : cumulo, acciumulo, coacervo, 
colligo, congéro: v. TO ACCUMULATE, 
Il]. 20 keap reproaches, etc., upon: 
1, congéro, ssi, stum, 3 (im abun- 
dance; with acc. and dat., or more freq. 
acc. and in with acc.): toh, blows upon 
the dead, plagas mortuo c., Phaedr.: to 
h. favours upon any one, beneficia in ali- , 


HEAR 


quem c., Liv. 42.11: let all fog) be 
h.’d upon a single indwidual, conge- 
rantur in unum omnia, Cic. ‘luse. 5, 40, 
117: toh. abuse on any one, maledicta in 
aliquem c¢., Cic.: Suet. 2. ingéro, 
ssi, stum, 3 (same constr. as preced.): 
toh. abuse upon any one, convicia alicui 
ing., Hor. S. 1, 5, 113 ing. probra, Liv. 2, 
45, med. also with in and ace. (instead 
of dat.): Liv. 3, 68, med. PI. 3. 
Snéro, 1 (with acc. and abl.): to h. in- 
juries on any one, aliquem injuriis ©., 

er. And. 5, 1,8: Vv. T0 LOAD. IV. Zo 
add: addo, didi, ditum, 3: to h. one 
crime upon another, in scelus addere 
scelus, Ov. M. 8, 484. 

hear: |. 70 /ave the sense of hear- 
ing: audio, 4: the deaf man does not 
h., *non a. surdus. Phr.: to h. well, 
acris (acerrimi) auditiis esse, Plin. 8, 32, 
50: to h. ill, surdastrum esse, Cic. (v. 
DEAF); *parum acris auditds esse (Vv. 
supr.); tardis auribus esse (R. and A.): 
they could neither see nor h. properly, 
neque oculis neque auribus satis compe- 
tere, Tac. A. 3, 46, init. N.B.—Bene, 


male audire, are to be well or tll spoken | 


of: cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 49, init. 
perceive by hearing: 
constr.: what is heard is expr. by 
acc., acc. and inf., acc. and impers. part., 
or quum with suwbj.; the source of in- 
formation, denoted by abl. depend. on de, 
ex, ab: toh. a sound, soni.um a., Hor. : 
do you h.? audin’ (= audisne)? Ter. 
pass.: he will h. that citizens have shanp- 
ened the sword, audiet cives acuisse 
ferrum, Hor.: J heard Crassus say, ex 
Crasso [Crassum] audivi, quum diceret, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144: but J heard Cras- 
sus speaking is, audivi Crassum dicen- 
tem, cf. Nep. Tim. 4 (the latter signifies 
that the speaking as such was heard ; 
the former points to the hearing of a 
particular thing: Zumpt, L. G. § 636): 
to be heard with courtesy and attention, 
benigne atque attente audiri, Cic. OM 
exaudio, 4 (from some distance) : to speak 
very loudly, that all (even at a distance) 
may h., maxima (clarissima) voce dicere, 
ut omnes ex. possint, Cic. Sull. 11, init, : 
12, init.: cf. id. Att. 1, 14,5. Also of 
hearing in spite of noise or other diffi- 
culty: in strepitu ex., Cic. Att. 13, 48, 
wnit.: Curt. 7, 7, med. Also poet. = 
simple verb: Hor. A. P. 50. 3. per- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (gen. term for per- 
ception by a sense: with auribus): Cic. 
Or. 2,8. Simly, excipio, of catching a 
sound attentively (v. TO LISTEN TO, OVER- 
HEAR); and accipio (also with auribus), 
of information obtained by hearing: 7 
is proper for the good orator to have 
heard much and seen much, est boni 
oratoris multa auribus accepisse, multa 
vidisse, Cic. de Or. 1, 50, fin.: cf. Ter. Hec. 
Eper oe 4, ausculto, 1: v. TO LISTEN. 
Phr.: not unwillingly have I heard 
your words, haud invito ad aures sermo 
mihi accessit tuus, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 32: 
what is worthy of being heard, quod 
dignum est auribus (alicujus), Cic. Clu. 
24, 66. Il]. Of prayers; to h. favour- 
ably, h. and answer: audio, exaudio, 4: 
the gods have heard my prayers, dii 
preces meas audiverunt, Cic. in Pis. 19, 
43: Hor,: h. thow the prayers of the 
suppliant | preces supplicis exaudi! Ov. 
M. 13, 856: Cic. Pl. 41, 97. Phr.: if 
thou canst hear prayer at all, precibus 
si flecteris ullis, Virg. Aen. 2, 6893 so, 
prece moveri, Ov. Her. 7, 3 (v. TO PRE- 
VAIL UPON): to refuse to h. prayers, 
preces aspernari, Cic. Sext. 13, 30: pr. 
aversari, Liv. 3, 12, ext.; pr. [surda 
aure]} negligere, Prop. 2,8 (16),48. JV. 
To give a legal hearing to a cause: cog- 
nosco, novi, nitum, 3: with causam, Cic. 
Off. 2, 23, 82: esp. in phr. cognita causa 
(after a cause has been heard), Cic. Cat. 
42, extr. (opp. to indictéa causa, without 
tts being heard, Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42): also 
absol., Verres cognoscebat, judicabat, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, init. (but this should 
only occur in an animated passage). 
V. To receive information : 
cognosco, 3: Vv. TO LEARN. 2. ac- 
cipio, 3: you will h. from Pollio what is 


|]. Zo 


1, audio, 4:} 





} 





HEART 


HEARTH 








: 5; | i - E 
going on, quae gerantur ex Pollione ac- | very h. of the earth, itum est in v. ter- 
3. com- | rae, Ov. M. 1,138 cf. Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31, 
In- | in venis atque in visceribus reipublicae. 


cipies, Cic. Fam. 1, 6: Sall. 


pério, 4 V. TO ASCERTAIN. 4. 


audio, 4 (esp. of secret intelligence): cf. | Phr.: the h. of a tree, quod proximum 


Cic. Fam. 9, 24, ad init., consilia sunt 
inita de me quae te video inaudisse 
(“have got wind of”): Pl. Vi. Zo 
receive a communication by letter from 
any one: ex literis cognosco (aliquid) : 
Cic. Fam. 10, 29. Phr.. I should like 
to know whether you have heard uny- 


thing of Tivo, velim scire ecquid ad te | 


scriptum sit de Tirone, Cic. Att. 9, 17: 
Fam. 14, 8: I heard from you on the 
37d of the Nones, tertio Nonas literas 
(a te) accepi, Cic. Att. 10, 1, init.: let 
me h. about your journey, de tuo itinere 
velim me certiorem facias, Cic. Att. 10, 
5, extr.: Iam expecting to h. from you, 
tuas literas exspecto, Cic. Att. 15, 19: 
I was very glad toh. from you, gratae 


Cic. Fam. 13, 68. 

hearer: 1, auditor: to gain the 
goodwill, the attention of the h., a. con- 
ciliare, erigere, Cic. Or. 35, 122: cf. Br. 
52,191. But the word oftener denotes 
an habitual hearer, a disciple: cf. Cic. 
Br. 1. c.: Vv. DISCIPLE. 9, more freq. 
expr. by audio, esp. pres. part. (except 
in nom. sing., for which auditor, Cic. Or. 
lc.): to excite the feelings of one’s h.s, 
animos audientium inflammare, Cic. Br. 
23, init. (et pass.): Liv. 

hearing (suvbs.): |. The sense: 
auditus, us: the sense of h. ws always 
awake, a. semper patet, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 
144: difficulty of h., gravitas audits, 
Plin. 23, 4, 42. 9. expr. by aures: 
difficulty of h., aurium gravitas, Plin. 23, 
8, 80 § 154: to have lost one’s h., auribus 
captum esse, Cic. Tusc. 5, 40,117. Phr.: 
hard of h.,surdaster, Cic.: v. DEAF. |], 
The act of h.: 1, auditio: the h. of 
stories, fabellarum a., Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42. 

2. more freq. expr. by ger. or ger. 

part. of audio: to sharpen one’s wits by 
the h. of orators, *oratoribus audiendis 
ingenium acuere: Vv. TO HEAR. 
audience (granted) : 1, audientia: 
to secure a h., facere sibi a., Cic. Sen. 9, 
28: Apul. (in Liv. 43, 16, med., audien- 
tiam facere is used of the crier calling 
for silence). 2. expr. by audio: to 
give any one a favourable h., aliquem 
benigne [attenteque] audire, Cic. Clu. 
3, extr.: lo receive an attentive h., cum 
silentio audiri, Liv. 38, 10. Join: be- 
nigne et patienter a. Suet. 89, fin. 
Phr.: to give ah. to anything, alicui 
rei aures praebere, Liv. 38, 52, extr.; 
dare, Cic. Att. 1, 5, med.: to give an 
attentive h., dare silentium, Ter. Hec. 

IV. Judicial: cognitio: 
Vv. TO HEAR (LV.). V. 
Distance within which any one may be 
heard: unde quis exaudiri possit: v. 
TO HEAR (II, 2). 

hearken ; ausculto, 1: Ter.: Hor.: 
v. TO LISTEN. See also TO OBEY. 

hearsay: 1, auditio (a mere re- 
port: rare): to put the merest h. in the 
place of authentic fact, levem a. pro re 
comperta habere, Caes. B. G. 7, 42: Cic. 
Pl. 23, 56 [me fictis auditionibus, disse- 
minato dispersoque sermoni,etc.). 2. 
rumor, rumusciilus: Vv. RUMOUR, GOSSIP. 
Phr.: 1 have no better authority than 
h., nil praeter auditum [ p. part.] habeo, 
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33. 

hearse: *vehiculum funebre. 

heart: |. The physical organ: 
cor, cordis, n.: to be without a h. (of 
victims), sine c. esse, Cic. Div. 1, 52, 
11g: Cels. (N.B. Cor is rarely used 
fig. to denote the affections: v. infr.). 

Il. By anal., the interior of any- 

thing. 1, expr. by intimus (cf. L. G. 
§ 343): he retired into the h. of Mace- 
donia, abdidit se in intimam Macedo- 
niam, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, med. : Vv. INMOST. 
So interior, and esp. neut. pl. interiora 
may be used: Perseus in interiora regni 
recepit se, Liv. 42, 39, init.: the h. of 
the elder-tree (next the pith), interiora 
sambuci, Plin. 16, 39, 73- 2. viscéra, 
um (like Eng. “ bowels,” e. g. of a land: 
poet. and rhetor.): they pierced into the 


Hl. An 





| seat of the emotions - 
|n.: to love one’s friend with the whole 


| Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 49° Virg. 
| that makes eloquent, p. est quod diser- 


medullae est, quae medullae proxima, 
Plin. 16, 39, 73 (not os [R. and A.], 
which is only used fig. of trees: also of 
kernels: cf. Plin. 1. c. tota ossea est ilex, 
cornus, robur, etc.): h. of oak, robur, 
bris, n. (strictly a species of oak, Plin 
lc. but used poet. of any very hard 
wood) : V. OAK. II]. Ube heart as the 
1, pectus, doris, 


h., amicum toto p. [ut dicitur} amare, 
it w Ue h. 


tos facit, Quint. 10, 7, 15. ah. to friend- 
ship true, tidae p. amicitiae, Mart. 9, 14. 
9, animus (the soul, esp. the emo- 


| tional part): to say anything from the 
mihi vehementer tuae literae fuerunt, | 


h. (in accordance with one's veai senti- 
ments) and sincerely, aliquid ex animo 
ac vere dicere, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 95: Cic 
N. D. ettr.: Vv. FEELINGS, MIND. : 
cor (infreq. in this sense). to touch the 
h. of the spectator, cor spectantis tangere, 
Hor. A. P. 98: a Laden (without feel 
ing) h.,c. plumbeum, L. Crassus in Suet. 
Ner. 2: oft. pl., esp. poet.: a h. tha: 
never grows gentle (Piuio’s), nescia man- 
suescere c., Virg. G. 4, 470: a h. that 
has done with love, desueta c., Virg. 
Aen. 1, 722 (but corda is as oft. used of 
the wits: cf. Virg. G. 1, 123): Ov. 


| (N.B.— The pbr. cordi esse denotes 


| mens, animus: v. MIND. 





simply that a thing is agreeable to one’s 
wishes). 4, praecordia, orum, n. pl. 
(strictly the midrif/: sometimes = pec 
tus): courage returns to the h., redit in 
pr. virtus, Virg. Aen. 2, 367: Hor. ‘ 
The seat of the thoughts and will: 
V. Courage: 
Animus: esp. with bonus: be of good 
h., bono animo este! v. couURAGE. Yj, 
Memory: only in phr., by heart: Phr.: 
to know by h., memoria tenere, Cic. (v. 
TO REMEMBER): to learn verses by h., 
versus ediscere, Caes. B.G. 6,14. VI. 
As term of endearment: cor, coreiilum : 
Pl.: V.SWEET-HEART. YJ], The shape 


| of a heart: cor; cordis effigies, species, 


Plin. 37, 10, 58: *cordis forma (v. 
SHAPE). 
heart-ache: _ |. Physical: cordis 


dolor: v. ACHE. |], Emotional. aegri- 


| tudo, sollicitiido: v. ANXIETY, DISTRESS. 


(Corddlium [fr. cor, doleo], Pl. Cist. t, 1, 
67: Apul.). 

heart-break (subs.): nearest word 
angor (=aegritudo premens, Cic. Tuse. 
4, 8, 18): V. GRIEF, DISTRESS. 

heart-breaking (a4j.): v. 
RENDING. ; 

heart-broken (part. adj.): aeger 
animi, Liv 1, 58, exti-: or perh. ango- 
ribus confectus, animo fractus, afflictus : 
cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37. 

heart-burn: redundatio stomachi, 
Plin. 7, 6, 5: or perh. ardor stomachi, 
cf. Cels. 4, 5, med.: the patient suffers 
from h., exaestuat aegroto stomachbus, 
cf. Cels. 1. c. 

heart-burning (swls.): i.e. strife 
and bitterness of feeling + perh. stimuli 
(irarum, ete.): ef. Tac. A. I, 33, accede- 
bant muliebres offensiones, novercalibus 
Liviae in Agrippinam stimulis: also, 
Liv. 30, 14, init. amoris stimulis. 
Sometimes offensiones may serve: V- 
supr. See also JEALOUSY 

heart-corroding (@@j.): @dax, mor- 
dax ; Vv. CORRODING. 

heartfelt (aj.): vérus, haud simu- 
latus. V. SINCERE. 

heart-rending (@4j.): perb. fiebilis 
(cf. Cic. Phil. 11, 3, 7, ponite ante oculos 
miseram illam et flebilem speciem), cru- 
délis (cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 746, quid in 
eversa vidi crudelius urbe?) Acerbus 
[acerbissimus], misérabilis: Vv. PITI- 
ABLE. 

heart-shaped: cordis speciem prae- 
bens: v. HEART (extr.). 

heart-whole: i.e. not in love. 
vicuus: Hor. Od. 1, 6, extr. 

hearth: vearest word, focus @ 
grate; stationary or nemar? = to st! 

7 


HEART- 


HEARTILY 





the h., ad f. sedere, Cic.: v. FIRESIDE. 
hr.: the logs were burning on the open 
h., *ligna in aperto camino ardebant. 
eartily: 1, expr. by stiidium : 
to do anything h. cum ([magno, 
summo] studio facere: Caes. B. G. 4, 
31° to throw oneself h. into anything, 
omnia sua studia in aliquam rem con- 
ferre, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, a. 9, effusé 
(“avec épanchement”’): to love very h., 
effusissime diligere, Plin. Ep. 7, 30, £: 
to be h. (enthusiastically) received (of 4 
performer ), effusius excipi, Suet. Ner. 22. 
8. intimé: v. WARMLY. Sometimes 
magnopere, vehementer may serve: 
V. GREATLY, EARNESTLY. (Ex animo= 
agreeably to one’s veal sentiments.) 
heartiness;: stiidium: v. ZEAL, DE- 
VOTION. ‘ 
heartless : 
HEARTED. 
heartlessly ; inhimané, cridéliter : 
V. UNFEELINGLY, CRUELLY. 
heartlessness ; v- HARD-HEARTED- 
NESS. 
heartsease: @ plant, viola tricolor, 
M. L. 


hearty: |. Genuine: vérus, sin- 
cérus: Vv. SINCERE. I]. Cordial: co- 
mis, bénignus: v. CORDIAL, KIND. Pbhr.: 
to do anything with a h. goodwill, ali- 
quid libentem (libenter) facere, Ter. 
Heaut. 4, 5, 15 (v. CHEERFULLY): to in- 
dulge in h. laughter, effundi in cachin- 
nos, Suet. Cal. 32: to have the most h. 
enjoyment in a performance, effusissimo 
studio spectare, Suet. Ner. 40 (v. HEART- 
ILy): to receive a h. welcome, summo 
studio excipi, Cic. (Vv. ENTHUSIASTI- 
CALLY): I give you my h. thunks, gra- 
tiam magnam habeo tibi, Pl. 
heat (subs.) : [, Lit: J, ‘calor 
(in whatever degree): the force of cold 
and h., vis frigoris et c., Cic.: Lucr. 
Esp. the heat of summer: in order to 
escape the h., vitandi c. causa, Cic. Att. 
13, 34: in pl.=season of h., continued 
h., summer: Liv. 2,5: Hor. Of the h. 
of fever, Cels. 3, 6. Q, ardor (burn- 
mg h.): to be consumed with scorching 
h., ardore deflagrare, Cic. Ac. 2, 37, extr.: 
in pl., the scorching h. [rays] of the sun, 
nimii solis a., Cie. Sen. 15, 53. Also of 
the h. of fever, in pl., Plin. 14, 16, 18. 
8. fervor (glowing h.): h. of a 
purer, subtler kind, f. purior, mobilior, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 11, 30: in pl. of continued 
h., Virg. G. 3,154. Of the h. of fever, 
Lucr. 6, 657: Plin. 4. vapor (in Cic. 
only of a gentle warmth, Sen. 15, 51; 
in other authors of atmospheric heat in 
all degrees): (cattle) not able to bear the 
summer h., impatiens aestivi v., Col. 7, 
3, med.: Plin.: Hor. 5, aestus, Os 
(excessive, sultry h.): exhausted with 
toil and h., labore et a. languidus, Sall. 
Jug. 51: in pl., of continued h., Hor. 
Od. 1,17, 18. Of theh. of fever, to be 
tossing with h. and fever, aestu febrique 
jactari, Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31. ll. Fig.: 
of youth, passion: fervor: h. of pas- 
sion, f. pectoris, Hor. Od. 1, 16, 22: hk. 
of youthful temperament, f. aetatis, 
Cic. Sen. 13, 45. Phr.: in the h. of 
youth, calidus juventa, Hor. Od. 3, 14, 
extr.: to do anything in the h. of pas- 
sion, impetu et ira aliquid facere, Tac. 
Ger. 253; per iram, Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 79. 
II], 4 course at a race: missus, Us: 
v. Suet. Dom. 4, med. quo facilius centum 
missus peragerentur. 
heat (”.): A, Trans.: 1, ca- 
léfacio, féci, factum, 3: J will order the 
bath to be h.'d, balineum calefieri jubebo, 
Cic.: Varr. (Vitr. has pass. calefacior, 
which is less good.) Of the effects of 
wine: Venus h.d with wine, vino cale- 
facta Venus. Claud. B. Gild. 182: Gell. 
13. extr. Frequent. calefacto, nearly = 
preced.: Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 169. Jntens. 
percalefacio (rare except in p. part.) : 
Viu.: Varr. Q. (as quasi-passive of 
preced.= to become h.’d), calesco, 3 : Cic. 
Sen. 16, 57. Comps. percalesco (to be- 
come thoroughly h.’d), Ov.3; incalesco, 
chiefly in fig. sense, as by wine, Liv. 1, 
Oye 3. fervéfacio, 3 (to make glowing 
hot: se except in p. part.) : h.’d (boil- 
8 


ferreus: Vv. HARD- 





HEAVENLY 


ing) pitch, fervefacta pix, Caes. B. G. 
4,22: v. TO BoIL. Also the pres. part. 
of ferveo may be used = fervefactus : 
clay bullets h.’d red-hot, glandes ex ar- 
gilla ferventes, Caes. B. G. 5, 43. B. 
Intrans.: concalesco, 3: of corn in 
granaries, Vitr. 6, 6 (9), 4: of hay, Col. 
2, 19: ef. supr. (2). 

heated (part. and adj.): i.e. ex- 
cited: inflammatus, commotus: v. TO 
EXCITE. 

heath: |. The plant: éricé, és: 
Plin. (erica, Linn.). |]. 4 place over- 
grown with heath : no exact word: *loca 
ericis (humilibusque virgultis) obsita. 

heath-cock: perh. lagois o7 atta- 
gen: Vv. GROUSE. 

heathen (subs.): 1, paganus 
(“deorum falsorum multorumque cul- 
tores paganos vocamus:” August. in 
Forcell.): Tert.: Hier.: v.pacan. Q, 
ethnicus: v. GENTILE. 

heathen (adj.): 1, ethnicus (strictly 
Gehtile: Gr. é@vixés : but used in Chris- 
tian writers for heathen): Tert.: Hier. : 
etc. 2. expr. by paganus: h. gods, 
*paganorum dii, idola: v. preced. art. 

heathenish: ethnicus: v. preced. art. 

heathenishly ; ethnicé: Tert. 

heathenism: expr. by pagani: v. 
PAGANISM. 

heathy: éricaeus: Plin. 11, 16, 15. 

heating (swbs.): caléfactio: Arcad. 
Dig. (usu. better expr. by verb: v. TO 
HEAT). 
goeating (adj.): calorificus (rare): 

ell. 


heave: A, Trans.: tollo, attollo: 
v. TO LIFT. Phr.: to h. @ groan or 
sigh, gemitum dare, ducere, ciere, etc. ; 
suspiria ducere, petere: Vv. GROAN, SIGH. 
B. Intrans.: to swell: 1, tu- 
meo, 2; tumesco, ui, 3}: the waters begin 
to h. and toss, freta ponti incipiunt agi- 
tata tumescere, Virg. G. 1, 357: the 
wave still h.s when the wind has sub- 
sided, a vento qui fuit unda tumet, Ov. 
F. 2,776. So intumesco: Lucan, 6, 470, 
ventis cessantibus aequorintumuit. 2, 
fluctuo, 1 (stronger than preeed.; to 
move in waves): Pl. Rud. 4,1,12. Phr.: 
her bosom h.s (with the afflatus], pectus 
anhelum (est), [et rabie fera corda tu- 
ment], Virg. Aen. 6, 48: her bosom h.s 
with a deep sigh, suspiria duxit ab imo 
pectore, Ov. M. 10,402 ; h.s gently, *leni- 
ter se attollunt pectora tumentia. 
heaven: |. The sky: 1, coe- 
lum (cae.): without pl. in class. Lat. : 
v. SKY. Q, pdlus (poet.): to force 
down the moon from the h., polo deri- 
pere lunam, Hor. Epod. 17, 77: Virg. 
Il. The blessed state: 1, coelum: 
a cloud took him (Christ) away into h., 
nubes eum in c. sustulit, Lact. 4, 21: 
Vulg. (where the pl. coeli often occurs, 
e.g. Phil. iii, 20: Hebr. iv. 14): Eccl. 
Hence from h., coelitus, Lact.: Amm. 
(betier de coelo). 2. piorum sedes 
[et locus]: Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 32: cf. 
Virg. sedes beatae, Aen. 6, 639. Il. 
The heavenly powers: 1, supéri, 
orum (strictly the gods above); if I can- 
not prevail on h., I will move hell, flec- 
tere si nequeo superos, Acheronta mu- 
vebo, Virg. Aen. 7, 312: by h. and the 
deities that witness to truth, per s. et 
numina conscia veri, Virg. Aen. 2, 141. 
2. dii, deorum: h. forbid, dii me- 
liora! Cic. Sen. 14, 47: thank h.. dis 
gratia, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41: good h.s! pro 
deum [divum] fidem! Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 
21: V. GOD. hr.: bestowed on us by 
h., divinitus (not caelitus) ad nos dela- 
tus, Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202: to move h. 
and earth (have recourse to the extremest 
measures), coelum ac terras miscere, 
Liv. 4, 3, ad init.: cf. supr. (III, 1): by 
h.! medius fidius, Cic. Fam. 5, 21: Plin. 
jun.: the will of h., coelestium voluntas, 
Cic. Phil. 4, 4, extr. 
heaven-born: coeligénus (cael.) : 
Varr. (or simply divinus: v. DIVINE). 
heavenly: 1, coelestis, e (cael.): 
the h. powers, c. numina, Tib.: to con- 
template h. things, [supera atque] coe- 
lestia cogitare, Cic. Acad. 2, 41, 127: 
Vulg. 2, divinus: v.pivinE. Phr.: 





HEAVY 





the h. bodies, sidera, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: 
ef. N. D. 2, 62, 155, circuitus solis et 
lunae, reliquorumque siderum (cvelestia 
would include all the phenomena of the 
heavens : Sen. N. Q. 2, init.). 

heavenly-minded: perh. qui coe- 
Jestia sapit, sentit: cf. Vulg. Rom. 
viii. 5. 

heavenwards: ador in coelum; ad 
coelum versus (coelo, dat. is poet.: 
Virg. Aen. 5, 451): v. TOWARDS. Some- 
times sublimis may serve: cf. Liv. 14, 
16, extr., sublimis abiit : also in sublime, 
cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141: also sursum (as 
in the early Christian motto, sursum 
corda!): v. UpwaRDs. Phr.: to direct 
one’s thoughts h., coelestia cogitare, Cic. : 
V. HEAVENLY. 

heavily: |. With great weight : 
graviter: to fall h., g. cadere, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 448. Orexpr. by circuml.: the 
burden presses too h. upon the shoulders, 
*urget praegrave onus humeros, cf. Ov. 
Her. 9, 98; praegravatos gerunt onere 
humeros, cf. Liv. 7, 23, fin. [|], Slowly 
and awkwardly: tardé; to move some- 
what h., tardius ingredi, Cic. Tusce. 1, 31, 
"5. II]. Grievously: graviter: vy. 
GRIEVOUSLY. 

heaviness: |. Weight: gravi- 
tas: h. of arms, g. armorum, Caes. B. G. 
5, 16: V. WEIGHT. I]. Oppressiveness 
(of the atmosphere): crassitido: v. DEN- 
SITY. II]. As a physical sensation : 
a feeling of oppression: expr. by gra- 
vatus, gravis: the signs of fever are h. 
of the head and eyes, signa febricitantis 
gravatum caput, oculi compressi, Col. 6, 
Q, fin. IV. Depression of spirit: 
moestitia, animus afflictus, ete.: v. SAD- 
NESS, DESPONDENCY. V. Dulmess of 
intellect: tarditas, hébétido (ingenii): 
Vv. DULNESS. (Cic. has adeps by meton. 
in this sense, Cat. 3, 7, imit.). 


heavy: |. Having weight: 1, 
gravis: Cic.: Virg.  Haceedingly h., 
praegravis: Ov.: Plin. 2. pondéro- 


sus (of great weight): very h. stones, 
ponderosissimi lapides, Plin.:; Warr. (in 
Cic. only fig.: v. WEIGHTY). I]. Of 
food; slow to be digested: gravis 
(= difficilis ad concoquendum): Cic. 
N. D. 2, 9, 24. II]. Of soils, close in 
texture: spissus (close and forming stiff 
clods): Virg. G. 2, 236: Pall. 2, 13: 
densus et glutinosus, Col. pref. med. 
(robustum solum, Col. L.c., is @ sotl with 
strong productive properties). IV, Of 
the air; oppressive: 1, crassus: the 
air of Thebes is h., Thebis c. coelum, 
Cic. Fat. 4.7. | 2, pinguis: a h., close 
atmosphere, coelum pingue et concre- 
tum, Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130. See also 
DENSE. V. Slow and clumsy: piger, 
tardus (esp. in compar.): V. SLOW, DULL. 
Fig.: ah. mind, pingue ingenium, Ov. 
M. 11,148: Cic. Fat.4,7. VI, Weighed 
down by exhaustion, etc.: 1, gravis: 
eyes h. (from wine), g. oculi, Cic. in Sen. 
6,13: h. with drink and slumber, vino 
et somno g., Liv. 29, 34, med. Q. gra- 
vatus: eyes already h. with death, oculos 
jam morte gravatos, Ov. M. 4, 145: Col. 
Phr.: hk. eyes, compressi oculi, Col. 6, 
9, fin. VII. Oppressed, sad: afflictus, 
aeger (animi), moestus, etc.: Vv. DIS- 
TRESSED, SAD. Vill. Of rain, snow; 
coming down copwusly: magnus: h. 
and constant rain, m. et assidui imbres, 
Cic. Att. 13, 16; very h. vain, maximus 
imber, Cic. Also Ov. has graves pluviae, 
Fast. 2, 71. Other expr. more or less 
poet. are, densissimus imber, Virg. G. 1, 
3333 effusi imbres (“ deluges of rain”’), 
Virg. Aen. 5,69: : pluvia grandis, Mart. 


9, 98: ingens, Virg.G. 1,325. [X. Of 
artillery ; large-sized: Phr.: h. ar- 
tillery, *tormenta majora. X. Of 


roads: Phr.: a h. road to drive, iter 
junctis [se. equis] grave et longum, Plin. 
Ep. 2, 17, tnté. XI. Miscell.: to 
buy at ah. price, impenso pretio parare 
(emere), Caes. B. G. 4,2: Liv. (but imp. 
pretio in Cic. Att. 14, 13 =pretio non 
soluto): h. debts, grande (magnum) aes 
alienum, Sall. Cat. 14 (v. DEBT): h. bread, 
*panis spissus et gravis; parum levis 
(cf. supr. II, 11]):-a@ hk. sea, fluctus in- 








HEAVY, TO BECOME 
gens, vastus (v. WAVE); ingens pontus 
(poet.), Virg. Aen. 1, 114° @ h. task, 
magnae molis opus, cf. Liv. 25,11: Virg. 
Aen. 1, 33: ah. clap of thunder, mag- 
nus fragor, magna tonitrua, cf. Liv. 1, 
16, init.: a h. fall, gravis casas, Hor. 
Od. 2, 10, 10: Liv. 

heavy, to become: ingravesco, 3 (in 


Cic. only fig., to become worse and worse) : 
Plin. 31, 7, 39- 
heavy-armed: Phr.: theh. troops, 


gravior armatus, Liv. 26, 5, init.; qui 
gravi armatu sunt, cf. Liv. 37, 41, mtt.: 
gravis armatura, Veg. (in Stewecb.): v. 
LIGHT-ARMED. 

hebdomadal : hebddmidialis, e: Si- 
don. (in Q.): Vv. WEEKLY. 

hebraism: *Hebraismus: 
tech. term: Ernesti in Winer. 

hebraist;: *quiliteras Hebraicas bene 
novit ; Hebraicarum literarum peritus. 
Good H.s, *qui satis Hebraice sciunt. 

hebraize: Pubr.: hing diction, 
(sermo) Hebraicam consuetudinem re- 
ferens: Ernest. 

hebrew (svbs.): |. A Jew: He- 
braeus (Ebraeus): a H. of the H.s, He- 
braeus ex H., Vulg. Phil. iii. 5: Lact.: 
Tert. I. The language: Hebraea 
lingua, H. literae : Aug. (but Hebraica 
lingua would be more acc. to anal.). 
Phr.: to speak H., Hebraice loqui (cf. 
GREEK): to know h., V. HEBRAIST. 

hecatomb: hécatombe, és: Varr. : 
also, hecatombion, Sidon. 

hectic: perh. febricilosus: v. FE- 
VERISH. 

hector (v.): TO BOAST, BULLY. 

hectoring (24j.): 1, gloridsus : 
esp. in phr., miles ¢., Cic. Am. 26, 98: 
Pi. 9, Tbrasonianus: v. BULLY. 

hedge (subs.): 1, sepes (saep.), 
is, f. (often but not necessarily of grow- 
ing wood = s. viva, Col. 11, 3): Virg. E. 
1,54: Pall. 1, 34: Col. 2. sepimen- 
tum naturale (quick-set): Varr. R. R. 
1, 14: V. FENCE. 

hedge (v.): sépio; sépimento cingo: 
v. TO FENCE. 

hedgehog: €rinaceus, Plin.: also, 
éricius, Varr.; échinus (Gr. €xivos), 
Hor.: Plin. d ; 

hedge-sparrow: *motacilla (Linn.); 
curruca (Ray). 

heed (subs.): chiefly in phr. to take 
h., curare, cavere, prospicere: Vv. CARE 
(TO TAKE). 
heed (v.): dbedio, 4: v. TO oBEY. To 
refuse to h., negligo: v. TO DISREGARD. 

heedful; cautus, circumspectus: v. 
CAREFUL. 

heedless: 
V. CARELESS. 
LESS, RASH. 

heedlessly: 1, incauté, indili- 
genter: Vv. CARELESSLY. 2. téméré 
(in a headlong, inconsiderate way): 
Join: temere et nullo consilio, Cic. 
Inv. 1, 34, 58; inconsulte ac temere, Cic. 
N. D. 1, 16, 43: Vv. INCONSIDERATELY. 

heedlessness: negligentia, indili- 
gentia: Vv. CARELESSNESS. 

heel (subs.) : calx, cis, f. (rarely m.) : 
to fight with fists, with hs, pugnis, c. 
pugnare, Cic. Phr.: to be at any one’s 
h.s, alicujus vestigiis instare, Liv. 27, 12, 
med.; more precisely, alicujus vestigia 
caleare, Sen. Contr. 5, 30, init. (vestigiis 
sequi, is to tread im any one's steps, 
whether lit. or fig.): to take to the h.s, 
se in pedes conjicere, Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 135 
of soldiers, terga dare, Caes. B. G. 1, 535 
os aad sese fugae mandare, Caes. 

. G. 2, 24 (both less collog. than Eng.): 
an evil following close at the iu.sof another, 
malum alteri malo cuntinens, cf. Liv. 5, 
39, med.: to trip up any one’s h.s, sup- 
plantare aliquem, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 42: to 
kick up one’s h. (fig.), exsultare [gaudio, 
laetitia, etc.], cf. Cic. Clu. 5, 14, exsul- 
tare laetitia ac triumphare gaudio: also 
Rep. 1, 40 (less collog. than Eng.): to 
tumble head over h.s, ire praecipitem 
per caputque pedesque, Cat. 17, 9 (Vv. 
HEADLONG): ¢o be out at the hs (fig.), 
‘minus florenti fortuna uti (?). 

heel (v.): in phr., to h. over (of a 
ship), in latus inclinari (R. and A.). 


only as 


1, incautus, indiligens : 
Q, témérarius: v. RECK- 





HEINOUS 


heft; manibrium: v. HANDLE. 

hegira;: *hegira quae dicitur, fertur. 

heifer: bos femina: Varr. R. R. 2, 
5: or bosalone, when a fem. adj. occurs - 
two, three-year old h.s, (boves) bimae, 
trimae, Varr. |. c.: @h. with calf, (bos) 
borda, Varr. l.c.: Virg. A young h. 
(a stage beyond vitula), juvenca, Varr. 
i.c.: Virg.: Hor. 

heigh-ho: perh. vah! cf. Ter. Heaut. 
4, 8, 17: or hei! cf. Ter. Andr. 1,1, 46: 
Vv. ALAS. 

height : |. Elevation above the 
ground: 1, altitiido (most gen. term): 
Cic.: Caes. 9, excelsitas (great h.: 
rare): Plin.: v. LOFTINESS. 3, pro- 
céritas: Vv. TALLNESS. Phr.: fo an im- 
mense h., in immensum (€. g. editus), 
Sal. Jug. 92: Ov. Il. An elevated 
place : J], siipérior lécus (a position 
commanding the adjacent country: esp. 
in milit. sense): to take possession of 
the h.s, loca s. occupare, Caes. B.G. 1, 
10: et passim. 9, locus @ditus: v. 
EMINENCE (l.). 3, arx, cis, 7. (usu. a@ 
fortified height: v. CITADEL: also poet. 
of other elevations): those blissful h.s 
(of Tarentum), beatae a., Hor. Od. 2, 6, 
22: the fiery h.s (of heaven) igneae a., 
Hor. Od. 3, 3, 10. 4, spécila (strictly 
for observation ; a “ specular mount ;”’ 
hence any lofty h.): todescry the coming 
storm from some h., ex aliqua s. tempes- 
tatem prospicere, Cic. Fam. 4, 3: from 
the soaring mountuin’s h., aérii specula 
de montis, Virg. E. 8, 59. 5, cict- 
men, inis, n.: Vv. SUMMIT. 6, jigum 
(strictly a mountain ridge; also of 
mountain heights in general): while the 
boar shall haunt the mountain h.s, dum 
juga montis aper amabit, Virg. E. §, 
"6: the h.s of Parnassus, Pindus, Par- 
nassi, Pindi juga, ib. 10, 11 : ef. Cic. de Or. 
3,19,init. Phr.: this order (the senate) 
is as it were exposed on a h., est hic ordo 
quasi propositus atque editus in altum, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 41, fin. II]. Elevated po- 
sition or rank : fastigium: v. EMINENCE 
(Il).  |V. Utmost degree: exp. by 
summus: it is the h. of wisdom, folly, 
etc., summae est sapientiae, dementiae, 
etc.: V. EXTREME (subs. and adj.). 

heighten : |. Lit: & raise 
higher : expr. by altior and a verb: to 
h. a wall, *murum altiorem exaedifi- 
care, efferre. Il. Zo augment, en- 
hance ; to increase the effect of anything 
said or done: 1, incendo, di, sum, 3 
(strictly, to kindle, cause to burn more 
brightly): to h. any one’s desire, cupi- 
ditatem alicujus in., Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 
init.: to h. our guilt, in. vitia nostra, 
Sen. Brey. Vit. 16, 3: he h.’d the effect 
of what he said by tears, incendebat 
haec fletu, Tac. A. I, 23. 9. ampli- 
fico, 1 (to set off by effective language) : 
toh. (any one’s) glory, gloriam a. (opp. 
to minuere), Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 5. Join: 
dicendo amplificare atque ornare, Cic. 
Or. 1, 51, 221. 3, exaggéro, 1 (like 
amplifico, but used both in good and 
bad sense): to dwell upon, set off, h. 
what is good, aliquid boni amplecti, ex- 
ornare, ex., Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 292: to h. 
the wrong done to us, ex. injuriam nos- 
tram, Quint. 6, 2, 23. Join: exagge- 
rare et amplificare [orationem], Cic. de 
Or. 3, 27, 105. Phr.: to h. a favour, 


gratiam, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 7- See also 
TO AGGRAVATE. 
heightening (subs.): expr. by 


verb: v. preced. art. Oras rhetor. tech. 
terms, amplificatio, Cic.: Quint.; exag- 
gératio, Quint.: comp. verb. 

heinous: 1. atrox, ocis (applicable 
to such crimes as involve cruelty or blood- 
oan? ah. crime, a. facinus, Tac. A. 4, 
45: Liv. Join: (res) scelesta, atrox, 
nefaria, Cic. R. Am. 22, 62. 9, néfa- 
rius, néfandus (contrary to all divine 
or natural law): V. ABOMINABLE. 3% 
foedus (revolting): v. FouL (IL). 4. 
flagitidsus : Vv. SCANDALOUS. (N.B.— 
Sometimes facinus, scelus, may suffice 
without an adj.: cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 66, 





HELMET 


heinously : atrociter, Sall. 

heinousness: atrocitas: A. of con- 
duct, rei a., Cic. Quint. 16, 51; factia, 
Cic. Inv. 2,16, 51. Phr.: to heighten 
the h. of crimes, *facinora exaggerando 
incendere : v. TO HEIGHTEN. 

heir: héres, Gdis, c.: to leave any 
ome h. by will, aliquem h, ex testamento 
relinquere, Cic, Quint. 4, 14: more freq 
simply, h. facere, with or without testa- 
mento, Cic. (the frequent. factitare h., 
Cic. Phil. 2, 16, 41, denotes the repeated 
promise (o make any one h.) ; instituere 
(a more formally legal expr.), Cic. Clu. 
4,22: Dig. Sole h., h. ex asse, Quint. 
7, 1, 20 (but we find also the more em- 
phatic and less tech. expr., heres omnibus 
bonis institutus, Plin. 7, 36, 36: b. ex 
libella in Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3, is of very 
doubtful meaning): simly., with the 
fractions of the us, A. to one-half, one- 
third, h. ex semisse, ex triente (cf. L.G. 
§ 929): but also h. ex dimidia parte, 
tertia parte, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, med. H. 
in reversion (i.e. in case of failure te 
inherit on the part of the heirs), secundus 
b., Cic. (v. Dict. Ant. s. v.). 

heir-apparent: heres suus, bh. legi- 
timus: cf. Ulp. Dig. 38, 16, 1. 

heiress: héres, édis: Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
43, 11. (Acc. to Charis. 1, 79, heres 
takes a masc. adj., even when used of a 
woman: “nemo secundam heredem dicit 


heirship : héréditas: v. nnHERITANCE. 
heliacal: *héliacus (Gr. mAtaxos): 
Forcell. Gloss. 
heliacally; *solis respectu; solis 
ratione habita. 
hell: 1, géhenna: Vulg. Matt. v. 
3o: Hier.: Tert. 9. inféri, orum 
(strictly, the infernal gods or regions, of 
paganism): the road that leads to h., 
via quae ad inf. (opp. to coelum) de- 
primat, Lact. 6, 3, wit.: cf. Cic. Tuse. 
1,5,10. 3, infernus (= Hades) : Vulg. 
Apoc. xx. 14: “frequenter usurpatur a 
Christianis theologis,” Forcell. Also 
neut. pl. inferna (sc. loca): Lact. 6, 3, 
4, expr. by circuml., scelera- 
torum sedes, regio: Cic. Clu. 61, 171: 
cf. Sall. Cat. 52, med. 


hellebore : 1, vératrum (the 
Italian name: Plin. 25, 5, 21 § 5z): 
Lucr. Q, hellébérus or elleborus (Gr. 


éAAeBopos’ the name more freq. used) : 
Virg.: Hor.: Plin. 1c. (the latter uses 
the neut. form helleborum): Gell. 3 
meton. Anticyra (a place where h. 
abounded): to swallow undiluted h., 
Anticyras sorbere meracas, Pers. 4, 16: 
cf. Hor. A. P. 300. 

hell-hound: perb. 
v. FURY. 

hellenic: *Hellenicus (only as ethnol. 
term), Graecus: v. GRECIAN. 

hellenism : *Hellénismus (only as 
crit. term): cf. Winer, N. T. Gr. p. 26. 

hellenist: *Hellenista: cf. Winer, 
N. T. Gr. p. 26. 

hellish: *infernus, diibdlicus: v- 
INFERNAL, DEVILISH. (Usu. better ne- 
fandus, nefarius, immanis: Vv. ABOMI- 
NABLE, MONSTROUS.) 

helm: i. Of ship: 1, giiber- 
naciilum : to take the h., ad g. accedere, 
Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 1543 gubernaculo subire, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 176. Fig. (usu. pl): to 
seize, sit at the h. of state, gubernacula 
reipublicae prendere, Cic. ad Br. 2, 13 
ad gubernacula reip. sedere, Cic. R. Am. 
18, 51: to quit the h., a gubernaculis 
recedere, Cic. Fam. 16, 27: Plin. jun. 

9. clavus (the hacuile of the h.): he 

sits astern, holding the ¥., c. tenens sedet 
in puppi, Cic. Sen. 6, 17. Fig.: to hold 
the h. of so vast an empire, c. tant! Im- 
perii tenere [et gubernacula tractare], 
Cic. Sext. 9, init. See alto HEAD (lo 


firia, Erinnys - 


be at the). ||. Helmet: v. foil. art. 
helmet: J, cassis, idis, 7. (of 
metal: worn by Roman cavalry): cf. 


Poet. cassida, 


170: V. CRIME). Phr.: & A. a crime, | Caes. B. G. 7, 45: Hirt. 

tantum facinus, Sall Jug. 353; simly., | ae: Virg. Aen. 11, 735: Prop. > 

how h., quantum f., Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 6. | galea (strictly of shin ; 6 ae 
2B 


HELMETED 





HEN-PECKED 





No. 224: also in gen. sense): breast- 
plates and h.s of bronze, loricae g.que 
aeneae, Cic. Verr. 4, 44,97: Caes. B. G. 
2, 21: Virg. 8, cudo or cidon, Onis, 
m. (said to have been of leather, and 
worn by the velites): cf. Habicht, No. 
224. 

helmeted: galeatus: Cic. N. D. 1, 

, 100. 

helmsman: 1, giitbernator: Cic. 
Sen. 6, 17: Virg. 9. rectur navis: 
Cic. liv. 1, 14, 24: cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 
146. (Or expr. by circuml., qui ad guber- 
naculum sedet, qui clavum tenet: v. 
HELM.) 

helots; Hélotes, um: Nep. Paus. 3; 
Tlotae, arum: Liv. 34,27. (Gr “EcAwres, 
‘“EvAmtat.) The sing. may be expr. by 
unus, quidam ex Helotibus, etc. 

help (subs.): auxilium, Opis (no 
nom.) : v. ASSISTANCE. 

help (v.): |. To furnish aid: 
jiivo, adjiivo, subvénio, succurro, etc.: v. 
To Assist. See also TO conTRIBUTE (II.), 
FACILITATE. Phr.: so h. me (od, ita 
Me di (bene) ament, Ter. Ph. 1, 3, 13: 
Medius fidius, Cic.: Plin. jun. ||. Zo 
Serve with portions of food : 1, por- 
Tigo, rexi, ctum, 3: Hor. S. 1, 8, 30: 
Petr. 34. 9, divido, visi, sum, 3: 
Petr. 35; 40, extr. 3, carpo, 3 (to cut 
up): Vv. TO CARVE. Phr.: we h. our- 
selves to the choicest things, res electissi- 
Mas uggredimur, Petr. 36. (ll. Zo 
avoid, prevent: Phr.: I can’t h. ex- 
claiming, non possum quin exclamem, 
Pl. in Cic. de Or. 2, 10, 393; but facere 
non pvussum quin, is more usual, Cic. 
Att. 12, 27: what can’t be h.’d, quid- 
quid corrigere est nefas, Hor. Od. 1, 24, 
ectr.: it can’t be h.’d, fieri non potest 
aliter, Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4. 

help (interj.): ferte auxilium! sub- 
venite! Ter. Ad. 2, 1, init. 

helper: 1, adjitor: Cic.: Caes. 
Fem. adjutrix, Cic. Q, auxiliator: 
Quint.: ‘Tac. 

helpful: itilis: v. userut. More 
precisely expr. by auxilio (L. G. § 297): 
he could not possibly have been more h. 
to me, *mihi auxilio majori non potuit 
esse quam fuit. 

helping (adj.): Phr.: tolendah 
hand, manum dare, Quint. 2, 3, 73 ad- 
juvare: v. TO ASSIST. 

helpless: 1, inops, Opis: to suc- 
cour the h., inopi succurrere, ‘Ter. Ad. 2, 
1, init. : Cic. 2, inermis, e (without 
arms): V,. DEFENCELESS. 8. iners, 
Ttis (without strength or vigour: poet. 
in this sense): h. beasts (opp. to such as 
the bear, lion), in. pecora, Virg. Aen. 4, 
158: Phaedr. 1, 2, 26. 
F helplessly: expr. by inops: cf. L.G. 

343. 

helplessness: 1. indpia (the state 
of one without meams or resources) : fee- 
bleness and h., imbecillitas atque in., 
Cic. Am. 8, init. 2. expr. by inops: 
pity my h., *inopis (mei, hominis) mise- 
rere! v. HELPLESS. 

helpmeet: *consors atque adjutrix. 

helter-skelter:; expr. by praeceps: 
V. HEADLONG. 

helve; manibrium: v. HANDLE. 

hem (subs.) : Gra (i. e. border) : “ orae, 
vestimentorum extremae partes:’’ Fest. 
8. Vv. (limbus is @ stripe on the border; 
or a fringe). 

hem (v.): |, To sew the border 
of fabrics: perh. circumsuo, 3 (to sew 
round, : (R. and A.). ll. Fig.: fo 
encompass: to hem in: 1, cirenm- 
sédeo, sédi, sessum, 2: fo come to the 
aid of troops h.'d in, circumsessis opem 
ferre, Liv. 25, 22, med.: Cic. Join: 
circumsedere atque oppugnare, Liv. 3, 
5, med. 2. circumvallo, 1 (by en- 
trenchments): cf. Liv. 25, 22, non cir- 
cumsessi modo, sed circumvallati : 
which same sense may be expr. by 
valle circumsedere, Cic. Phil. 19, 4, 
extr. 8. obsideo, 2: v. TO BESET, 
BLOCKADE. 4, claudo, si, sum, 3 (esp. 
of rivers, mountains, etc., which shut an 
army in): on the right and the left two 
seas Q. (us) in, dextra laevaque duo 
Inaria c., Liv. 21, 43: toh. an army in, 

370 








HERD 





by taking advantage of the ground, ad- 
versarios locorum angustiis c., Nep. Dat. 
8, fin.: Virg. ||. Zo make the sound 
hem! screo, t (to clear the throat): Pl. 
Phr.: toh. and hah, nearest word perh. 
haesitare, Cic.: v. TO HE ITATE, 

hem (interj.): hem! ehem! Pl.: Ter. 

hemisphere: heémisphaerium (Gr. 
nutopaipiov): Varr.: Macr. (Or by 
circuml., globi s. sphaerae pars dimidia. ) 

hemistich: hemistichium (Gr. qpe- 
attxtov): Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 

hemlock: cicitta: Plin. 25, 13, 95: 
the fell h. draught, sorbitio dira cicu- 
tae, Pers. 4, 2: Ov. 

hemorrhage: haemorrhagia (Gr. 
aioppayta): to stop h., h. sistere, Plin. 
23, 6, 67. 

hemorrhoids; haemorrhdis, idis, 7. 
(Gr. aipoppots): Plin. 23, 7, 71 (Cels. 
has the Gk. form, and employs the cir- 
cuml., ora venarum tanquam capitulis 
surgentia, quae sanguinem fundunt, 6, 
18, 9: tocure h., ora venarum fundentia 
sanguinem tollere, id. 7, 30, 3). 

hemp: cannabis, is, f.: Varr.: Plin.: 
less freq. cannabus, i, m.: Pall. 

hempen: cannabinus: h. ropes, c. 
funes, Col.: Varr. Phr.: a h. rope, 
e cannabi funis, Plin. 19, 2, 8. 

hemp-field:; cannabétum: Inser. in 
Forcell. 

hemp-nettle: galeopsis, is, f.: Plin. 


|. The female of the domestic 


fowl: gallina: to put ducks’ eggs under 


h.s, anatum ova gullinis supponere, Cic. 
N. DP. 2, 48, 124: Varr.: Col. A keeper of 
ls, gallinarius: Varr.: Cic. Adj. gal- 
linaceus, belonging to hens: a h.s egg, 
ovum g., Cato: Varr. I]. Zhe female 
of any bird: fémina: v. FEMALE (subs.). 
hen-bane: hyoscyamus, i, m. (the 
plant or its decoction): Cels.: Plin. 
Made from h., hyoscyaminus, Plin. 
hence: |. From this place: hine: 
Ter.: Cic. As interj., procul: h. ye 
profane, procul, O procul este profani! 
Virg. Aen. 6, 258: Ov.: or expr. by 
verb: h. with you, bine vos amolimini! 
Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 24 (abi is mostly used 
in imprecations or faceté = get along !) ; 
apage te (no pl.), Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 65. 
||. From this time: Phr.: a few 
days h., paucis diebus, Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2: 
Nep. Hann. to; in paucis diebus, Front. 
ad M. Caes.; non post multos hos dies, 
Vulg. Act. i. § (but his diebus paucis is 
within these few days past: Cic. Verr. 
Act. 1,6, fin.). ||, In causative sense, 
consequently: 1, hine: h. arose trea- 
sons, h. the downfalls of states, h. patriae 
proditiones, h. rerumpublicarum ever- 
siones nasci, Cic. Sen. 12, 40: h. these 
tears, h. illae lacrymae! Ter. (N.B.— 
Hine is not used to introduce conclu- 
sions: v. infr.) 2. ita (in logical 
conclusions): hence it results that I..., 
ita fit ut ego, ete., Cic. Quint. 2,8: cf. 
id. Off. 3, 15, init. 3. expr. by ex 
quo (the Lat. lang. using the rel. as a 


copulative): v. WHENCE. 4, inde: 
V. THENCE. 
henceforth 1, posthac: v. 


henceforward § HEKEAFTER. 2. 
déhinc: h. I blot out all women from 
my mind, deleo omnes d. ex animo mu- 
lieres, Ver. Eun. 2, 3, §- 3. proinde 
(henceforward then; in appeals): h. 
then cease to speak of Saguntum, p. 
omittite Sagunti mentionem facere, Liv. 
21, 18, fin.: V. WHEREFORE. 

hen-coop: civea (any cage): Cic. 
N. D. 2, 3, 7 (h.-coops appy were not 
used by farmers: cf. Col. 8, 3). 

hendecasyllabies: hendé dsyllabi, 
orum: Cat.: Plin. jun. 

hendiadys: hendiadys, ivdecl.: a 
barbarous word (=éy éca dvotv) used 
by Serv. on Aen. 1, 61. 

hen-house; gallinarium: Col. 8, 3, 
init. (who has the pl.). 

hen-pecked (part. adj.): Phr.: a 

husband, perh. maritus uxori ob- 
noxius: cf. Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 223 cui uxor 
imperat, leges praescribit, jubet, vetat, 
quod videtur: cf. Cic. Par. 5, a, init. 
(R. and A,). 





hen-roost: tabulata, oruni (sc. orni- 
thonis. gallinariorum : the roosting place 
rising step by step: cf. scala gallinaria, 
Cels. 8, 15, med.) : Col. 8. 3: Warr. 3, 5, 
ad init. Or perh. perticae: cf. Col. |. ¢. 

hepatic: hepaticus: Plin. (Cels. has 
the Gk. form, yratuxov" 4, 8, init.). 

heptagon: *heptagonum (after the 
anal. of pentagonum, Auct. de Limit., 
p. 257, Goes.). 

heptagonal: *heptagonus, septan- 
gulus. 

heptarchy : *heptarchia, quae dicitur. 

her (adj. pron.) : 1, expr. by gen. 
of ea, hacc, ete.: v. SHE. 2. suu 
(referring to the subject): cf. L. G 
§§ 360 sqq. N.B.—Comp. us. 

herald (subs.) : 1. fétialis, is, m. 
(only used of the college of heralds at 
Rome): to do violence to a h. contrary 
to the law of nations, f. contra jus gen- 
tium vivlare, Liv. 9, 10, ext. ‘he word 
is also used as adj., whence legatus 
fetialis, in same sense, Liv. 9, 11, ad 
Jjin.; jus fetiale (the body of laws re- 
specting h.s), Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36. 2 
legatus (envoy): ef. Liv. 1, 32, where 
the word is used — fetialis. 3, cadi- 
ceator, caduceus (bearer of the h.’s staff) : 
ah. had come from the king (Philip), 
c. ab rege venerat, Liv. 32, 32: Curt. 

4, praeco (@ crier): the hs of the 

gymnastic games, p. ludorum gymni- 
corum, Cie. Fam. 5, 12, jin. Fig.: the 
h. of valour (Homer), virtutis pr., Cic. 
Arch. 10, 24. 


herald (v.): nuntio, 1: v. To aN- 
NOUNCE, 
heraldic: Phr.: without any h. 


distinctions, sine ullis majorum ima- 
ginibus (strictly busts), Suet. Vesp. 1. 

heraldry : |]. The science: *doc- 
trina insignium gentiliciorum. lb. 
Meton., ancestral honours: “the boast 
of h.,” *ornamenta s. decora patria, here- 
ditaria: v. HEREDITARY. 

herb: 1, herba (any kind of 
plant): Cic.: Hor. Abounding in hs, 
herbosus, Cato: Virg. Dimin., herbula, 
Cic.: Sen. 2, lus, éris (collect. or 
pl.: pot-herbs): Vv. VEGETABLE, GREEN 
(swbs.). 

herbaceous: perh. herbescens: ci. 
Cic. Sen. 15, 51, herbescens viriditas (re- 
ferring to the blade of corn). Or expr. 
by circum]. : *herbae naturam habens. 

herbage: 1, herbae, arum: Virg. 
G. 1, go: Ov.: v. HERB, GRASS. 2). 
gramen, inis, 7. (as collect. or pl., in this 
sense chiefly poet.): fed on poisonous 
h., mala gramina pastus, Virg. Aen. 2, 
471: on the tough (tangled) h., in tenaci 
gr., Hor. Epod. 2, 2,24. Phr.: what- 
ever h. there is (for cattle), si quid 
pabuli est, Liv. 21, 37: regions destitute 
of h., loca nuda gignentium (rare), Sall. 
Jug. 79: in which sense nudus is used 
absol., cf. Liv. 1. c. 

herbal: perh. *herbarum [medica- 
rum ] liber. . 

herbalist: herbarius: Plin.25,13,109. 

herbarium: *hortus siccus, qui 
dicitur. 

herbivorous: *graminivorus (scient. 
t.t.). H. animals, herbariae (sc, ferae) : 
Inscr. in Forcell. 

hercules, by; méherciiles, méher- 
ctilé, méhercle : Cic.: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

herd (subs.): |. Of cattle: 1, 
grex, grégis, m. (most gen. term): h.s 
of large cattle, g. armentorum, Cic. Phil. 
3, 12, evtr.; g. armenticii, Varr. R. R. 
2, 10: h.s of swine, g. porcorum, Juv. 
Fig.: a pig of Epicurus’ h., Epicuri de 
g. porcus, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, eztr. Pertain- 
ing to h.s, gregalis, e, Varr.- Plin.; 
grégarius: Col.: Plin. nhs, grégatim : 
Col.: Plin. 2. armentum (strictly 
a ploughing beast; v. supr.: hence a 
h. of oven or other large animals) : 
whole h.s (of deer), tota a., Virg. Aen. 1, 
185: h.s of baboons, a. cynocephalorum, 
Plin. <Abounding im h.s (or oxen), ar- 
mentosissimus, Gell. 11,1. |. Uf per- 
sons, contemptuously: vulgus, i, m. and 
n.: to scorn the jealous h., malignum 
spernere v., Hor. Od. 2, 16, ext7.: v. 
MULTITUDE, 


HERD 
herd (v.): congrégor, 1: v. TO FLOCK 
TOGETHER, 
herdsman: 1, _ pastor (gen. term 


for all keepers of flocks or herds): cf. 
Varr. 2, 10, init. 2, armentarius (of 
large cuttle: sc. pastor): Varr, R. R. 2, 
5, jim.: Luer. 

here: |. /m this place: hic: Ter.: 
Cic.: Virg. Phr.: to be h., adesse (v. 
PRESENT, TO BE): A. he ts, h. she ts, 
eccum! eccum! Ter. pass.: h. am I 
ready to do it for you, ecce me qui id 


faciam vobis, Ter. Ad. extr. See also 
HAND (at). Il. Ip phr. here and 
there: 1, passim (scattered about, in 


every direction): they had taken up their 
position h. and there, without order, nul- 
lis ordinibus p. consederant, Caes. B. C. 
2, 38: V. HITHER (and thither). 2. 
expr. by rarus (implying fewness: one 
“here and there”): a few cottages h. 
and there, rara domorum tecta, Virg. 
Aen. 8, 98: Caes.: v. FEW. 3. expr. 
by circuml., nonnullis (compluribus) in 
locis (implying more or less rarity): v. 
30ME. II]. In dialogue = upon this : 
hic: v. HEREUPON. 

hereabouts: hic dlicibi: Ter. Ad. 


4,7: Cie. 
hereafter (adv.): J, _ In ordinary 
sense : 1, posthac (with ref. to ime 
Cla | close upon the present): Cic. 

f. 3, 12, 28: Hor. 2, aliquando 
(at some time, probably distant): I do 
not despair of some one arising h., non 
despero fore aliquem aliquando, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 21, 95: cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 40. 

8. dlim (like preced., but chiefly 
poet.: more freq. formerly, q. v.): to 
remember these things h., haec ol. memi- 
nisse, Virg. Aen. 1, 203: Cic. (once in 
this sense, Att. 11, 4). 4, in réli- 
quum, postérum [tempus]: v. FUTURE. 
||. With ref. to a future state: post 

mortem; quum quis e corpore excesse- 
rit: Cic. Tusc. 1, 11. 

hereafter (suvbs.): Phr.: to deny 
an h., cum corporibus animos interire, 
atque omnia morte deleri disserere, Cic. 
Am. 4, init. : comp. preced. art. 

hereat: hic: v. HERENPON. 

hereby: ex hoc, ex hac re: v. 
FROM. 

hereditament: res hereditaria: v. 
HEREDITARY. 

hereditarily : 1, jure heredi- 
tario: Flor. 3, 13, extr. (but the expr., 
like hereditate, includes all cases of 
inheritance, whether by descent or other- 
wise). 2. (more precisely) per suc- 
cessiones: to be transmitted h. (of dis- 
eases), per suc. tradi, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4: 
Plin. alt. 12, 13, 30. 

hereditary: 1. héréditarius: an 
h. name, nomen h., Cic. Rep. 6, 11: to 
claim the throne as h., imperium bh. 
vindicare, Curt. 10, 7, jim.: cf. Liv. 21, 
3, fin. (but the word is used with ref. to 
any thing inherited). 2, paternus, 
avitus (received from fathers, fore- 
Jathers, or ancestors): as it were, h. 
hatred, velut hereditate relictum pater- 
num odium, Nep. Han. 1: h. virtues, 
bona paterna et avita, Cic. Coel. 14, fin.: 
Hor.: v. ANCESTRAL. 3, patrius (rare 
in this sense =paternus): Plin.: Sil. 
Anh. plot of land, hérédium: Varr. R. R. 
1, 10: Plin. Pbhr.: an h. complaint, 
morbus per successiones traditus: v. 
preced. art. 

herein (adv.): 1, in hoc, in hac 
Te: suppose that h. I am in error, fac 
in hoc errare me, Cic. Caec. 11, 32. 
Simly., in eo: Cic. Phil. 2, 9, extr. Dy 
Sometimes expr. by a rel. clause: h. 
they seem to me to be greatly in error, 
quod haec putant ..., valde mihi viden- 
tur errare, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 83. 
heresiarcn: bierésiarcha: Aug. 


3, 


heresy: 1, *haerésis, is, 7. (Gr. 
uipeots’ in Cic. = sect, Par. pref. 2): 
Aug.: Tert. 2. (pure Lat.) falsa, 


prava dpinio: v. FALSE. 
heretic: haeréticns: Tert.: Hier. 
heretical: 1, baeréticus (only in 
theol. sense): Arat. in Forcell. 9. 
(pure Lat.) falsus, pravus: v. 
WRONG (ad)j.). 


FALSE, | 


HESITANCY 


heretically ; baeréticé, falso, prave: 
v. preced. art. 

hereupon: Jc: esp. in dialogue or 
narration: Cic. pass. 

herewith: uwnacum hacre: v. WITH. 

heritage: héréditas: v. NHERITANCE. 

hermaphrodite: 1. andrégynus, 
i, m.: Cic. Div. 1, 43, 98. 9, Her- 
maphriditus, i, m.: cf. Plin. 7, 3, 3, gig- 
nuntur et utriusque sexus, quos H. 
vocamus, olim androgynos vocatos. Sy 
sémimas, maris, m.: Liv. 31, 12: Ov. 


hermeneutical; perh. *hermeneu- | 


ticus: as scient. ¢. ¢. 
hermeneutics; * interpretationis 
ratio. 
hermetically: Pbhr.: kh. sealed, 
*tam arcte clausus ut ne aéri quidem 


aditus pateat. 

hermit: 1, érémita (€pnucms) : 
Sulp. Ser. 9, anichoréta (avayw- 
pnts one who retires from the aaa 
Sulp. Ser.: Sid.: also in later times writ- 
ten anchorita (“anchorite’’), Acc. to 
Forcell. (ex Sulp. Ser.), the eremita had a 
definite abode in solitude; the anachoreta 
wandered ubroad. 3. (pure Lat.) 
homo solitarius; vitam in agro agens 
(a recluse) : Cic. Off. 2, 11, 39. 

hermitage: sécessus: v. RETREAT. 
See also MONASTERY. 

hern: Vv. HERON. 

hernia: 1, hernia (including va- 
rious kinds of rupture) : Cels. 7, 18, med. 

2. ramex, icis, m. (strictly a species 

of hernia, Cels. l. c., ad jin. ; also used 
of the malady in general): Juv. 19, 
205: sometimes pl., Cels. 1. c.: Plin. 
See also RUPTURED. 

hero: |. 4 demigod: héros, dis, 
acc. -a, m.: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 12, init, 
quem virum aut beroa, quem deum: 


Virg. Il. A very brave man: vir 
fortis, fortissimus: v. BRAVE. (N.B.— 
Not heros in this sense.) Wl. The 


chief person in a play, etc.: qui primas 
partes agit, Ter. Ph. prol. 27. 

heroic: |, Relating to heroes, i.e. 
demigods : 1, hérdicus: the h. ages, 
h. tempora, Cic. Div. 1, init. ; h. aetates, 
id. Tusc. 5, 3,7 2. hérous (rare in 
this sense): Stat. |], Epic: heroicus, 
hérous: v. EPIC, I]. Surpassingly 
brave: perh. nearest word, invictus (lit. 
unconquered, not to be conquered): @ 
lofty and h. soul, animus excelsus atque 
inv., Cic. Off. 1, 5, imit.: of most h. 
valour, mien, and exploits (comicé), 
virtute, forma, factis invictissimis, PI. 
Mil. 1,1, 57. Or expr. by fortis, fortis- 
simus, Virg. pass.: v. BRAVE. Some- 
times incredibilis may serve, with such 
subs. as fortitudo, patientia, etc. (v. IN- 
CREDIBLE): or egregius, praestans (v. 
EMINENT, REMARKABLE). N.B.—Never 
heroicus in this sense. 

heroically: fortiter: v. BRAVELY. 
Or expr. by circuml., to meet death h., 
summa virtute s. fortitudine, animo ex- 
celso atque invicto, mortem obire: v. 
HEROIC (III.). 

heroine: |. Inmythicsense: 1, 
héroina: Prop.: also, hérdis, idis, Ov. : 
Stat. 9. virago, inis (a woman of 
masculine strength and courage): Virg. 
Aen. 12, 468 (of Juturna). Il. An 
eminently noble woman: excelso invic- 
toque animo mulier, etc.: Vv. HEROIC 
(ILL.) Ul. Of a play or story : *quae 
primas partes agit: v. HERO (III). 

heroism: 1, virtiis, Utis, 7. (most 
gen. term: including all energetic qua- 
lities): veterans mindful of their olden 
h., veterani pristinae v. memores, Sall. 
Cat. 60: Cic.: v. VALOUR. 9. animus 
excelsus, invictus : v. HEROTC (III). A 
deed of h., praeclarum facinus, Auct. 
Her. 4, 55, 68: Sall. 

heron: ardéa: Virg. 
sense), ardedla, Plin. 

herring: *harenga: Med. Lat. (Clu- 
pea harengus, Linn.): (Kr.). 

hers (adj. pron.): gen. of illa, haec, 
etc.: V. HER. 

herself: ipsa, ius; in oblique cases 
sui, sibi, se or sese : cf. L.G. §§ 376, 377. 

hesitancy: haesitatio, haesitantia : 
| V. HESITATION. 


Dimin. (same 





HEW 


hesitate: |. To demur to action: 
1, diitbito, 1 (to be prevented by 
doubts from doing a thing: in this sense, 
foll. by inf.; excepting when it has a 
negative with it, when it takes quin 
and subj.) : why do you h. to avail your- 
self of the opportunity, quid dubitas uti 
temporis opportunitate ? Caes. B C., 2, 
34: Cic.: do not h. to trust, nolite d. 
quin credatis, Cic. Man. 23, 68: the 
same constr. may follow a virtual though 
uot formal negative, cf. Cic. Fl. 17, 40, 
dubitatis (— num dubitatis) quin vindi- 
cetis? also absol.: v. TO DOUBT. J 
haesito, 1 (to be embarrassed: in Cic. 
always absol., v. Loss, to be at): Jiu 
long and much what [ought to do, diu 
multumque haesitavi quid facere de- 
berem, Plin. Ep. 10, 43 (40), 2: foll. by 
an, Curt. 4, 13, med. 3, cunctor, I 
(to delay from lack of energy and reso- 
lution): rarely foll. by inf.: he did 
not even h. to sell honours to candidates, 
ne candidatis quidem honores venditare 
cunctatus est, Suet. Vesp.17. Usu.absul. 
Join: quiescere, cunctari, timere, Cic. 
Sext. 38, 81. 4, ambigo, 3 (to do bt 
what to do; bein a quandary): he hd 
what first to attend to, cui rei primum 
occurreret ambigebat, Just. 29, 4, jin. 
Il. Zo be at a loss what to say: 
1, haereo, si, sum, 2 (to stick fast : 
a stronger expr. than the Eng.): to 
stumble and h., titubare atque b., Quint. 
12,1, 29. Simly., haesito, 1 (frequent. 
of preced.): J will answer without h.ing, 
non haesitans respondebo, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 
init. 2. tiviibo, 1 (lit. to stumble) : 
Cic.: v. TO FALTER. 
hesitating (adj.): haesitans, ntis: 
to say anything with h. words, aliquid 
h. verbis dicere, Cic. Dom. 52, 134. 
Phr.: to speak in a (very) h. manner, 
haesitabundum (loqui), Plin. Ep. 1, 
5, 13. 
hesitatingly : 1, cunctanter : 
Liv. (haud c., 1, 36, med.). 9. diibi- 
tanter: modestly and h., verecunde et 
d., Cic. Br. 22, 87. 3. expr. by haesi- 
tans, haesitabundus (v. L. G. § 343): 
comp. preced. art. 
hesitation: 1. dubitatio (doubt): 
without a moment's h., nulla interposita 
d., Caes. B G. 7, 40; sine ulla d., Cic. 
Clu. 28, init. 9. haesitatio (embar- 
rassment): to cause h., h. afferre, Tac. 
H. 1, 39: Cic.: v. rnpEcIsion. Of A. in 
speaking: Join: dubitatio, haesitatio, 
tractus verborum, Cic. de Or. 2, 50, intt. 
In latter sense also, haesitantia [linguae}, 
Cic. Ph. 3, 6, 16 (where stammering is 
meant). 8. cunctatio (backwardness, 
slackness): dismissing all h., abjecta 
omni c., Cic. Off. 1, 21, 72. 4, religio: 
Vv. SCRUPLE. Phr.: without any h., 
haud cunctanter, Liv. (v. HESITATIXGLY) ; 
sine scrupulo, Col. 5, 11, init.: to cause 
h. (difficulty) and perplexity, injicere 
alicui s. [et quandam dubitationem }, Cic. 
Clu. 28, 76. 
hesperian: 1. Hespérius: Virg.: 
Ov. 2, Hespéris, idis, f. (rare): Virg. 
Aen. 8, 77. 
hest (subs.): niitus, Us; impérium: 
V. WILL, COMMAND. 
heteroclite: 1. hét&roclitus (only 
found in neut. pl.) : Charis. 2, 23 (Prise, 
writes the word as Gk. 17, 62). 2. 
diversiclinius: Prise. 1. c. 
heterodox: Phr.: hk. opinions, *opt- 
niones parum cum doctrina Christiana 
congruentes, consentientes: a@ h. teacher, 
*qui aliena quaedam a doctrina Chr. 
docet. 
heterodoxy: v. preced. art. 
heterogeneous: diversus: or more 
precisely, natura diversus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 
1, 12: things altogether h. (or incon- 
sistent): res diversissimae, Sall. Jug. 
85, med. Join: diversus et dissimilis, 
Cic. Inv. I, 23, 33- 
heterogeneousness : 
tura: v. preced. art. 
hew: 1. ddlo, 1 (to chip wood with 
an axe, for the purpose of shaping): to 
h. timber, materiem d., Cato R. R. 31: 
to fell, h., inscribe wood, robur caedere, 
d., inscribere, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86. Comps. 
371t 


diversa na- 


HEWER 


HIDING 





dedolo, to h. off, Col. 4, 26, init.; also | 


to h. in pieces, assulatim ded., Pl. Men. 
5, 2, 106: edolo, to h. out, Col. 8, 11, ad 
init. 2, caedo, cécidi, caesum, 3 (to 
cut or fell marble or timber; leaving it 
in the rough): to h. and convey stone, 
lapidem c. et apportare, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
56, 147: Plin.: v. To FELL (cf. supr.). 
Simly., comps. excido, to h. out (e. g. 
rupibus columnas, Virg. Aen. 1, 428); 
recido (in same sense), Hor. Od. 2, 18, 4. 
3. séco, 1 (to cut into shape): to 

contract for the h.ing (carving) of mar- 
bles, Marmora secanda locare, Hor, Od. 2, 
18,17: v.TO CUT. See also TO CARVE. 

hewer: expr. by verb, qui materiem 
caedit, etc.: v. TO HEW. Hs of wood 
(esp. jire-wood) for an army, lignatores, 
Liv. 10, 25: Caes.; also, lignantes (v. 
woop): to be h.s of wood and drawers 
of water, ut ligna caedant aquasque 
comportent, Vulg. Jos. ix. 21. 

hewing (subs.): caesio (felling of 
trees or quarrying of stone): Plin. 
(Usu. better expr. by verb: vy. 
HEW.) 

hewn (part. adj.): Phr.: h. stone 
h. and squared), quadratum saxum, 

iv. 10, 23 (for paving): Vitr. 2, 7, 
init.: rough h. stone (in smaller pieces), 
caementa: Vitr. l.c.; Hor.: v. RUBBLE. 


TO 


hexagon: hexagonum: Col. See 
also foll. art. 
hexagonal: sexangiilus: h. cells 


(of bees), s. cellae, Plin. 11, 11, 12: Ov. 

hexameter: hexaméter (or -trus), 
tri, m.: h. verses, b. versus, Cic. de Or. 
3, 50,194: Suet. Also without versus: 
the beginning of ah., initium hexametri, 
Quint. 9, 4, 78. 

hey (interj.): perh. vah! Ter. pass. 

hey-day: Phr.: in theh. of youth, 
florente juventa fervidus, Hor. A. P. 
115; calidus juventa, id. Od. 3, 14, extr.: 
cf. ib. 1, 16, 22, pectoris in dulci juventa 
fervor: J hoped the h. of youth had 
cooled down, sperabam jam defervisse 
adolescentiam, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 72. (N.B.— 
Beware of flos aetatis, which is used in 
base sense, cf. Liv. 21, 2, med.) See also 
PRIME. 

hiatus: |. Cacophony caused by 
juxtaposition of vowels: hiatus, ts: 
qualified by Cic. thus, ille tanquam 
hiatus, concursu vocalium, Or. 23,77: @ 
musical and agreeable h., canorus atque 
jucundus h., Gell. 7, 20, med. Phr.: to 
introduce an h., hiare, Cic. Or. 45, init. 
(but the expr. seems more appropriate 
to the words themselves=hiulcam vocem 
efficere, ib. 44, 150); vocales conjungere, 
ib. 44, 1503; voces distrahere, ib. 45, 
init. I]. 4A gap in a document : 
*lacuna, hiatus: M.L. Phr.: there is 
an extensive h., multa desunt (Nobbe). 

hibernate: Phr.: the rontie mouse 
(ermine ?) also h.s, conduntur hieme et 
Pontici mures, Plin. 8, 37, 55: *hieme 
gravi somno premuntur, cf. ib. 8, 36, 54. 

hibernation: perh. véternus: they 
grow exceedingly fat during h., mirum 
in modum veterno (more precisely, dum 
hieme conduntur) pinguescunt, Plin. 8, 
36, 54. E 

hiccough, hiccup (subs.): singul- 
tus, us: to stop h., singultus inhibere, 
Plin. 20, 17, 73. 

hiccough, hiccup (v.): singultio, 
4: Cels. 5, 26,19: Plin. Also frequent. 
singulto, r: Quint. 10, 7, Io. 

hidden (part. adj.) : J, occultus: 
v. SECRET. 2, Opertus (covered up) : 
all that was h. ts exposed, 0. quae fuere, 
aperta sunt, Pl. Capt. 3, 3, 9: Cic. : 
conditus: the h. (secrets) of the heart, c. 
praecordia, Hor. S. 1, 4, 89. Join: 
condita esse atqne latere (of things kept 
in the dark), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73, 181. 
Simly., reconditus, Cic. Agr. 2, 16, 41. 

4, absconditus: h. swords (secreted), 
abs. gladii, Cic. Ph. 2, 42, 108. Gy 
caecus (poet.) : h. causes, c. causae, Lucr. 
3, 317: Hor.: Ov. To be h., lateo, ui, 
2: the snake lies h. in the grass, |. anguis 
in herba, Virg.: to be deeply h. (fig.), 
abdite 1., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73, 181; occulte 
1, id. Agr. 2, 16, 41: to lie completely h., 
perlatere, Ov. 
372 


hide (subs.): 1, cdrium (any thick 
skin when removed from the carcase) - 
to cover towers with h.s Jor protection, 
turres coriis integere, Caes.: a h. sunk 
in a stream, c. depressum in fluvio, 
Phaedr. 1,20. Comicé: to tan any one’s 
h., alicui c. concidere, Pl. Am, prol. 85. 
2. pellis (living or dead): v. SKIN. 
3, tergus, Oris, 7. (of a large ani- 
mal): they strip their h.s from the car- 
cases, tergora deripiunt costis, Virg. 
Aen. I, 215: (the elephant’s) h. is ex- 
tremely tough on its back, durissimum 
dorso t., Plin. 8, to, to. Esp. poet. of 
Shields: seven bull’s h.s, taurorum t. 
septem, Ov. M. 13, 344. 4, tergum 
(poet. for preced.): with a bull’s h., tau- 
rino t., Virg. Aen. 1, 368. Of things 
maule of h., as cymbals, taurea t., Ov. F. 
4, 342; shields, t. novena boum, Ov. M. 
1251977 5, vellus, éris (a h. with the 
Jleece or hair upon it): the h. of a tawny 
lion, fulvi leonis v., Ov. F. 2, 340. 
hide (w.): |. In ordinary sense : 
1, abdo, didi, ditum, 3 (to put out of 
the way): to h. documents, tabulas ab., 
Cic. in Pis. 17, 39: they hid themselves 
in the neighbouring woods, sese in prox- 
imas silvas abdiderunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 12. 
Join: contegere atque abdere [partes 
corporis], Cic. Off. 1, 35,26. 2, condo, 
3 (in prose, usu. to put in a place of 
safety; poet. often = to conceal: cf. 
HIDDEN): they h. (themselves) in the 
belly (of the horse), rursus conduntur 
in alvo, Virg. Aen. 2, gor: Hor.: Ov : 
to h. oneself under the bedclothes, se sub 
lectum c. (better abscondere, v. infr.), 
Suet. Cal. 51. So also is used recondo 
(to h. far back or deep), cf. Ov. M. 1, 139. 
3, abscondo, di and didi, ditum, 3 
(to put out of the way, in a place of 
safety: also, to h. fraudulently): I hid 
the gold close to the altar, secundum 
ipsam aram aurum abscondidi, Pl. in 
Prise. 10, 24: to try to suppress and h. 
anything, aliquid opprimere et abs., 
Cic. R. Am. 41, extr. 4, célo, 1: v. 
TO CONCEAL (1). —§, occtlo, ui, ultum, 
33 occulto, I (to cover up a thing: 
whereas abdo, condo, abscondo denote 
removal to another place): v. TO CON- 
CEAL (4, 5). 6, tégo, intégo, con- 
tégo, 3: v. TO COVER (1.). 7. Opério, 
ui, rtum, 4 (rare in this sense, except in 
p. part. : Vv. HIDDEN): Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 6. 
I]. To beat (collog.): loris dpério : 
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 28. 
— and seek: Phr.: to play ath. 
and seelc, *per lusum latitare (R. and A.). 
— oneself: in add. to abdo, condo, 
with pron. refl.: 1, délitesco, litui, 
3: they (beasts) h. themselves in their 
holes, in cubilibus delitescunt, Cie. N. D. 
2, 49, extr.: Virg. Q. lateo, ui, 2 (of 
which delitesco is frequent.): he hid 
himself in the house of ..., latuit apud 
-., Nep. Att. 10: to h. behind the 
staircase, in scalis 1., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 15. 
hideous: 1, foedus (revolting) : 
a h. scar, f. cicatrix, Hor.: Liv.: v. 
FOUL, FRIGHTFUL. 9. informis, e 
(strictly, ill-formed, mis-shapen): a h. 
monster, monstrum inf., Virg.: Stat.: 
Vv. UNSIGHTLY. 8. ater, tra, trum 
(rare and poet.): h. maw (of a serpent), 
a. ingluvies, Virg. G. 3, 430: to end in 
ah. jish, [turpiter] a. desinere in piscem, 
Hor. A. P. 3. See also UGLY. 4. 
téter, tra, trum (taet.): Vv. NOISOME, 
REVOLTING. 5, horrendus (fo make 
one shudder) : Vv. HORRIBLE. 
hideously: 1, foedé : to mangle 
h., f. laniare, Tac.: v. FOULLY. Oy 
turpiter: comp. HIDEOUS (3). 
hideousness: foeditas: h. of a sight 
(a cruel punishment), f. spectaculi, Liv. 
I, 28, fin. 
hider: |. Trans.: hs may well 
be finders, *facile is reperiet qui abdidit 
(Cic. has occultator as adj., Mil. 19, 50). 
I. Intrans.: pres. part. of lateo 
(except in nom. v. L. G. § 638): v. 
HIDDEN. 
hiding (swubs.) : J. Trans.: oc- 
cultatio: Cic. (Usu. better expr. by 
verb.) |J, Intrans.: expr. by verb: 
V. TO HIDE ONESELF. 








HIGH 


hiding-place: 1, latebra: Cic 
Coel. 26, init.: more freq. pl.: to be 
concealed in a h., in latebris agere, 
Just. 34, 4: Cic. Fig.: the secret hs 
(of truth), caecae 1,, Lucr. 1, 408. Hence, 
latebrosus, furnishing hs, Cic.: Liv. 
Q. latibilum (usu. of the haunts or 
lairs of wild beasts): h.s (of pirates) in 
out-of-the-way spots, latibula occultorum 
locorum, Cic, Fl. 13, eatr.: v. LAIR. 
Phr.: that h. and shelter for robbers, 
ille latronum occultator et receptor 
locus, Cic. Mil. 19, 50. See also RETREAT. 
hie (v.): propéro, I: v. TO HASTEN. 
hierarch ; perh. antistes, archangé- 
lus: V. HIGH-PRIEST, ARCHANGEL, 
hierarchical: perh. sicerdotalis, e: 
Vv. PRIESTLY. 
hierarchy: —_|.. Of priests: *qui 
sacerdotium amplissimum habent, R. 
and A. (comp. Cic. Fam, 3, 10, ad fin., 
amplissimi sacerdotii collegium, 7. e. au- 
gures): *ii quos penes omnis est rerum 
sacrarum cura atque administratio. |, 
Of celestial powers: “ the h.s of heaven” 
(Milt.), perh. coelestes, beati ordines ; 
angeli atque archangeli. 
hieroglyphical : 
Macr. : Amm. 
hieroglyphies: hieroglyphicae lite- 
rae: Macr. S. 1, 21, med.; h. notae, 
Amm. 17, 4.  (Hierographicus is of 
doubtful authority.) 
hierophant: 1, hiérdphanta or 
-es, ae, m.: Arnob. 5, 25. Fem. hiero- 
phantria, Inscr. 2. mystagogus : 
strictly, like preced., denoting the offi- 
ciating priest at the Eleusinian or other 
mysteries: cf. Cie. Verr. 4, 59, 132 
(where it=cicerone) : Symm. 
higgle: i. e. to make difficulties 
about the price of a thing: cavillor, 1: 
Vv. TO HAGGLE. 
high (aqj.): J, Lit.: 1, altus: 
precise dimension being expr. hy acc. 
with sum, or less freq. habeo ; the mound 
was 10 ft. h. agger erat decem pedes 
altus; decem pedes habebat altus (cf. 
Liv. 21, 8, jin., ferrum tres longum ha- 
bebat pedes): v. L. G. § 249: Cic.: 
Caes. Very h., praealtus: Liv.: Plin. 
Somewhat h., altiusculus, Suet. ay 
celsus, excelsus, praecelsus: V. LOFTY. 
See also ELEVATED, TALL. Phr.: on h., 
expr. by sublimis: this pole is to us 
always on h., hic nobis vertex semper 
sublimis, Virg. G. 1, 242: he ascended 
up on h., sublimis abiit, Liv. 1, 16, jin. 
I]. Fig.: exalted by dignity : iB 
amplus (distinguished) : of very h. rank 
by birth, amplissimo genere natus, Caes. 
B. G. 4,12: to bestow a still h.er honour 
on any one, alicui ampliorem honorem 
tribuere, Cic. Prov. 11, 27. Q2, stipérus, 
and esp. sup., summus, supremus (of the 
gods): Jupiter most h., summus Jupiter, 
Pl.: priest of the Most High God, sacer- 
dos Dei summi, Vulg. Hebr. vii. 1 (else- 
where Vulg. has Deus altissimus, excel- 
sus; the latter sometimes as subs. ; 
cave imiteris): in sim. sense, Deus Op- 
timus Maximus (D. O. M.), like Jupiter 
Opt. [et] Max., Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66. Sve 
also LOFTY, ELEVATED. II]. Also tig., 
great in degree: esp. in sup., the highest : 
summus: the h.est excellence, legal know- 
ledge, sanctity, etc., s. virtus, pruden- 
tia, sancumonia, etc., Cic. pass. IV. 
Of prices: large relatively : 1, mag- 
nus: that has cost or would fetch a h.er 
price, majoris pretii, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 5%. 
But the subs. pretium is usu. omitted, 
and the forms magno or magni. majoris 
or pluris, Maximo or maximi, plurime 
or plurimi, used absol. (cf. L. G. § 281). 
Simly., at so h. a price, tanti, quanti, Cic. 
2. impensus (exceedingly h.): at a 
very h. price, im. pretio, Caes. B.G. 4, 2: 
Liv. Phr.: the price of corn is h., 
cara est annona, Cic. Div. 2, 24, extr.: 
when corn was geiting her and her, 
quum ingravesceret annona, Cic. Dom. 
5, If (V. MARKET} PRICE). V. By 
anal. of preced., great in estimation : 
magnus: men entertain a h. opinion of 
you, mM. est hominum opinio de te, Cic. 
Fam. 3, 7, 5. Simly., so h., tantus: cf, 
HIGHLY. Vi. Miscell phn: A, 





hiéroglyphicus : 








HIGH 





floods, magnae, ingentes aquae, Liv. (v. 
INUNDATION): the river was very h. at 
the time, eo tempore fluvius plus solito 
creverat, cf. Plin. 18, 18, 47: the h. sea, 
altum, esp. after a prep., Liv. 21, 50: 
very h. tides, maximi aestus, Cic. B. G. 
29: a h. wind, vehemens ventus, 
Auct. B. Hisp. 3 (v. wrnp): a h. colour, 
color satur (i. e. deep, stvong), Plin. 37, 
10, 61: a h. note, sonus acutus, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 59, 251: to indulge in h. living, 
luxuriose epulari, Nep. Paus. 3 (v. SUMP- 
TOUS): h. game, venatus rancidus, sub- 
rancidus, rancidulus, ef. Hor. S. 2, 2, 893 
dubius (somewhat so), Mart. 3, 77: to 
be guilty of h. treascn, majestatem (po- 
puli, ete.) imminuere, Cic. (v. TREASON): 
to entertain h.er aims, ad altiora tendere, 
Liv. 4, 13; altiores spiritus gerere, Tac. 
H. 3, 66 (the latter denoting rather dis- 
ition, the former conduct). 
high (adv.): {) Lic: j, alté: 
raising h. the gory dagger, cruentum a. 
extollens pugionem, Cic. Ph. 2, 12, init.: 
to fly very h., altissime evolare, Suet. 
Aug. 94. 2. expr. by altitudo: to 
hoist anything so h., aliquid in tantum 
altitudinis (in tantam altitudinem) sub- 
ducere, Liv. 27, 28, med. 38. subli- 
miter (not in earlier authors): to fly h., 
s. volitare, Col. 8, 11, init. In same 
sense, sublime (poet. L. G. § 344): Virg. 
G. 1, 320, etc. Phr.: to aim h., alta 
(altiora) petere, cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 508. 
|. Fig.: of persons aspiring: 
Phr.: to aim h., magnas res appetere, 
Nep. (in Kr.): v. preced. art. fin. IL. 
Also fig. in phr. to bid h. (at an auction), 
plurimo liceri (not maximo in this sense: 
comp. HIGHLY). 
high-born: générosus: Cic.: Hor. 
Join: generosus et nobilis, Cic. Par. 3, 
1, ) 20: 
high-bred : |. Of animals, of 
good breed: générosus, Virg. G. 3, 75- 
II. Of persons, having enjoyed good 
breeding: nearest word, générosus: v. 
HIGH-BORN. Or perb. ingénuus, libéra- 
lis: v. GENTLEMANLY. 
high-churchman: *qui ab Ecclesiae 
auctoritate est; qui Ecclesiae auctorita- 
tem praecipuam tribuit. 
high-day: dies festus, sollennis: v. 
FESTIVAL. 
high-embowed: alte fornicatus: v. 
ARCHED. 
high-fiown: inflatus, tumidus: v. 
INFLATED. Phr.: h. language, ampul- 
lae et sesquipedalia verba, Hor. A. P. 
7: to use h. expressions, ampullari, 


or. as 3,4 1, altivol E 
igh-fiying: , altivélans: Enn. 
oe Lucr. 9. altivélus: Plin. 
(Both lit.) 


igh-handed: perh. impéridsus: 
Cie.: Liv.: v. TYRANNICAL. Phr.: they 
had been dealt with in too h. a manner, 
superbe iis imperitatum esse, Liv. 21, 


{, 

high-heeled: simply altus : cf. Suet. 
Aug. 73, calceamenta ultiuscula. The h. 
boot of trugedy, cOthurnus: Vv. BUSKIN. 

highland : |. Subs.: usu. pl.: 
regio aspera, montuosa, Cic. Pl. 9, 223 
loci montuosi, Cic. Part. 10, 363; locus 
montanus, Quint. 5, 10, 37. Also neut. 
pl, montuosa, Plin.; montana, Liv. : 
Plin. |]. Adj.: montudsus, monta- 
nus: Vv. supr. 

highlanders: montani: v. mMoun- 
TAINEER. 

highly : expr. by magni (never multi), 
majoris or pliris, maximi o plurimi 
(less freq. magno, maximo in this sense): 
to value anything h., aliquid magni 
aestimare, Cic. Tusc. 5, 7, 20: whom he 
had valued most h. of all, quem unum 
plurimi fecerat, Nep. Eum. 2 (maximi 
facere is to value very highly, abso- 
lutely: plurimi facere, to value more 
than anything else, relatively). Simly. 
tanti, quanti, so h., how h., Cic.: per- 
magni, very h., in tmesi, per enim 
magni aestimo, Cic. Att. 10, 1, init. 
Phr.: a@ man whom I have always 
respected very h., cui semper uni pluri- 
mum tribui, Cic. l. c.: h. delighted, lae- 
tabundus, Gell. 11, 15, jin.: h. displeased 








HIMSELF 


with any one, iratissimus alicui, Cic. Pb. 
8, 6, 19; sane iratus (colloq.), id. Att. 
I, 8; pergraviter offensus, id. Att. 1, 
10, 2: V. GREATLY. 

high-mass: missa sollennis: v. 
MASS. 

high-mettled: acer, cris, cre, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 444. 

highness: |, £levation: altitado: 
Vv. HEIGHT. II]. As title, your High- 
mess: expr. by adj., Celsissime princeps ! 
in subscriptions, Celsissimi nominis tui, 
ete. (Kr.). Celsitudo only in the base 
Lat. of Cod. Theod. 

high-priced: carus: v. DEAR. 

highpriest: pontifex, icis: Vulg. 
Hebr. vii. 26 (Gk. apycepevs) : more 
precisely, summus sacerdos, ib. Act. xxiii. 
43 princeps sacerdotum, Act. xxiii. 5: 
V. PONTIFF. 

highpriesthood ; pontificatus, us; 
or more fully pontificatus sacerdotium, 
Vell. 2, 59 (strictly the office of a pon- 
tifex; but suitable to denote any similar 
office): more precisely, sammum sacer- 
dotium (whicb may include any elevated 
priesthood). 

highpriestly : pontificalis, e: v. 
PONTIFICAL. More precisely, ad sum- 
mum sacerdotium pertinens (H. Steph. : 
Wahl). 

high-road: via: cf. Mart. 7, 61, 4. 

high-seasoned: (cibus) summa et 
acerrima suavitate conditus: cf. Cic. de 
Or. 3, 25, 99, Where the expr. is used of 
unguents: or perh., acrioribus condi- 
mentis imbutus; gulosius conditus (cf. 
Col. pref. ad init., gulosius condiendi 
cibos). 

high-spirited : (homo) generosi spi- 
Titus: Plin. 8, 40, 61 § 149. See also 
SPIRITED. 

high-treason: majestas (i.e. laesa 
majestas), perduellio: v. TREASON. 

high-water: I’br.: 7 was h. at the 
time, *eo tempore aestiis accessus plu- 
rimus erat ; plurimum accesserat aestus 
maritimus: V. TIDE. 

highway: 1. via: opp. to semita 
@ narrow way, by-path): cf. Mart. 7, 

t, 4: Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 42: more pre- 
cisely, via publica, Ulp. Dig. 43, 8, 29 22 
(=Gr. BaciArcky odes, “the king’s h.’’). 
Superintendent of h.s, curator viarum, 
cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 1 (Dict. Antiq. p. 
1193). 9. late Lat., strata (sc. via): 
Eutr.: Imp. Codd. 

highwayman: latro, onis; gras- 
sator: V. ROBBER. 

hilarity ; hilaritas: v. mirTH. 

ill: 1, collis, is, m. (any consi- 
derable natural elevation, whether covered 
with verdure or rocky): well-tilled and 
verdant h.s, c. nitidi viridesque, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 18, 47: a steep and precipitous 
h., c. arduus et deruptus, Tac. A. 2, 80: 
Caes.: Plin. 2. tiimiilus (any rising 
ground, esp. an isolated mound or low 
h.): hs that (seem to) overhang, t. immi- 
nentes (i. e. Romae), Liv. 3, 7 (but the 
seven hills of Rome are usu. called 
colles): Caes. 3. clivus: v. SLOPE, 
INCLINE. See also HEIGHT (II.). 

hilliness; expr. by circuml.: v. 
HILLY, HILL. 

hillock; 1. tiimilus (cf. HILL, 2): 
ah. of earth of consideraible size, t. terre- 
nus satis grandis, Caes. B. G. 1, 43: VY. 
MOUND. 2. grimus (a small heap of 
earth, etc.: rare): Col.: Auct. B. Hisp. 

hill-side: clivus: v. SLOPE. 

hilly: 1, montudsus (al. monto- 
sus), montanus: V. MOUNTAINOUS. Ly 
clivosus (having slopes and ascents): a 
h. track, c. trames, Virg. G. 1, 108: 
Plin.: Col.: a very h. road, *clivosissima 
via. 8. confragosus (broken up by 
heights and defiles): Liv.: v. RUGGED. 

hilt: of nah captilus: Cic. Fat. 
ace 

himself: ], in agr. with subject: 
ipse, lus: he h. said so, ipse dixit (= Gr. 
aves ea), Quint. 11, 1, 27: Cic.: Sall. 
Sometimes strengthened by -met, Pl. 
Amph. prol. 102: Cic.: the superl. ip- 
sissimus also occurs: Pl. Trin. 4, 2, 146. 

Q. in objective relations, i. e. when 
used reflexively: sui, sibi, sé v7 sése 











HINDRANCE 


(referring back to the subject of the 
sentence): he devoted h. altoyether to 
politics, totum se dedidit reipublicae, 
Nep. Them. 1: they surrendered them- 
selves to Caesar, se Caesari dediderunt, 
Caes.: Cic. The forms sibi, se, are 
often strengthened by the suffix -met; 
and the prep. cum is always used encli- 
tically when joined with se, as secum. 
3, when the use of the words him- 
self, themselves, indicates some opposition 
or antithesis: ipse and sui combined: 
the ipse agreeing with the subject or 
object, according as stress is laid on the 
one or the other, cf. Zumpt § 696; St. 
L. G. § 617: (i). subjects contrasted: 
without trying to move the pity of the 
enemy, he laid violent hands on himself, 
ne tentata quidem hostis misericordia 
se ipse interfecit (i.e. it was not the 
enemy who slew him, but himself ), Vell. 
2, 71, fin.: cf. Tac. H. 1, 46, Pruetorii 
praefectos sibi ipst legere (i. e. they 
made the appointments themselves, others 
did not make them): (ii). objects con- 
trasted: he cannot control an army who 
does not control himself, non potest ez- 
ercttum is continere qui se ipsum non 
continet, Cic. Man, 13, 38: he slew his 
brother, and afterwards himself, fra- 
trem suum dein seipsum (or se ipsum) 
interfecit, I’ac, (Key). N.B. — The 
former constr. is however more fre- 
quent, and is found even in cases where 
there is an antithesis of objects: cf. Cic. 
Q. Fr. 1, I, 2, quid est negotil continere 
eos quibus praesis, si te ipse (cf. supr- i.) 
contineas? cf. Zumpt,l c. Phr.: todo 
right of h. (freely), sua sponte recte fa- 
cere, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 50: almost beside h., 
Vix compos animi, ib. 3, 2, 12 (v. ONE- 
SELF): one who lives by h.. solitarius 
homo, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 39; who keeps by 
h. (in political strife), qui solitarius se- 
puratusque secedit, Gell. 2, 12, init. 


hind (subs.): |. The female of 


the stag: cerva: Virg.: Plin. ll. 4 
peasant : rusticus, agrestis : V. PEASANT. 
hind (adj.): postérior, us: the h 


Jeet, p. pedes, Plin. 11, 45, or (but p. 


postremi, of the bee, Plin.): Vv. HINDER 
(adj.). The h. quarters, posteriora (n. 
pl.): Ov. 

hinder (adj.): 1, postérior, us: 
the h. part of the toga, pars p. togae, 
Quint.: Plin.: Ov.: v. Hip (adj.). — Q, 
aversus (turned away from view: late 
in this sense): the h. part of the head, 
a. pars capitis, Plin. 11, 37, 47. Si 
posticus (chiefly used with ref. to the 
back doors, etc., of houses: Liv.: Varr.): 
the h. part, p. pars (= podex), Lucil. in 
Non.: Pers. 

hinder (?.) : 1, obsto, stiti, 1 (fo 
stand in the way of, be an obstacle to: 
with dat.): what is there to h. the wed- 
ding from actually taking place. quid 
obs. cur non verae nuptiae fiant? Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 76: more usu., quid obstat 
quominus, Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 95. Join 
ofticere et obstare; officere et impedire, 
Cie. 2. impédio, 4 (to fetter and pre- 
vent the free action of : with acc.): lo 
h. or at least delay one’s departure, imp. 
profectionem, aut certe tardare, Cic. 
Fam. 7, 5: cf. supr. (1). See also To 


IMPEDE, PREVENT. 8. prohibeo, 2: 
V. TO PREVENT. 4, moror, t: Vv. To 
DELAY. 

hindmost: 1, postrémus: the h. 


part of the Roman line, p. Romanorum 
acies, Sall. Jug. ror: Cic. 92, extré- 
mus (strictly the outside): plague take 
the h., occupet extremum scabies, Hor. 


A. P. 417. 3, ndvissimus: esp. in 
connexion with agmen: v. REAR (subs.). 
Hindoo: , As subs.: Indus: 
Wire.) Ov. Il. As adj.: Indicus: 
Ter.: Mart. 
hindrance: 1, impédimentum 


(of whatever impedes action): esp. in 
phr., to be a h, to any one in doing any- 
thing, alicui [magno] esse imp. ad ali- 
quam rem, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: Cic. R. 
Am. 51, 149: to cause delay and a h, to 
anything, moram atque imp. alicul rei 
inferre, Cic. Inv. 1, 9, 12: to operate as 


,@ h., esse loco impediment, Caes. B. C, 


373 


HINGE 


HISS 


HISTORIOGRAPHER 





HG 2. impéditio (the act of hinder- 
ing or impeding: v. rare): Cic. Div. 1, 51, 
init. 3, expr. by mora (strictly de- 
‘ay; but also used of what causes de- 
lay): there is no h. in the way of my 
marrying her, nec m. ulla est quin eam 
axorem ducam, er. Andr. 5, 6, 7: cf. 
Gic. Cat. 1, 4, 9, paullulum tibi esse 
morae, quod ego viverem. Esp. in phr., 
in mora esse, to be a cause of delay or 
h., Ter. Andr. 2, 5, 13: Pl. 4, very 
oft. expr. by obsto, officio, impédio : 
what hs lie in our way, quanta nobis 
abstant, officiunt : v. TO HINDER. 

hinge (subs.): cardo, inis, m.: PL.: 
Virg. Very often used fig.: v. foll, art. 

hinge (v.): i.e. to turn upon, be 
centered in: j, expr. by cardo: a 
point on which so much h.s, tantus cardo 
rerum, Virg. Aen. 1, 672: he makes the 
whole case h. there, hic causae c. ponit, 
Quint. 5, 12, 3. 9. expr. by contineo, 
ui, tentum, 2 (to involve, contuin) : the 
points on which a case h.s, quae Maxime 
rem continent, Liv. 39, 48: esp. in pass. : 
Vv. TO BIND UP ({II1.). 

hint (subs.): significatio (any indi- 
cation): to throw out many plain h.s, 
multas nec dubias s. jacere, Suet. Ner. 
37: but in Cic. the word is not used of 
mere suggestion. Phr.: to spread dark 
h.s, spargere voces in vulgum ambi- 
guas, Virg. Aen. 2, 94; *incertas serere 
suspiciones, cf. Liv. 24, 23, jin. crimina 
serere : to get a h. of suspicion, odore 
quodam suspicionis sentire, Cic. Clu. 27, 
43- (Nutus is a nod or signal of one’s 
pleasure.) See also verb. 

hint (v.): nearest word perh. sub- 
moneo, 2: Ter.: Suet.: v. TO SUGGEST. 
Or. expr. by circuml., ambagibus (ver- 
borum) uti, ef. Liv. 1, 56, ad jin.; *du- 
bie, occulte, per ambages significare. 
Neither indico nor signitico imply the 
partial concealment of the Eng.: subin- 
dico (to imply what is not expressed) 
occurs in Rufin.: innuo is to give a 
signal. 

hip: |. Of the body: 1, cox- 
endix, icis, f.: Pl.: Varr.: Suet. 9. 
coxa (=preced., but less freq.: For- 
cell.): Cels. Phr.: I have thee on the 
h., teneo te, Cic. Acad. 2, exti.: to smite 
h. and thigh, ad internecionem caedere, 
occidione occidere, Cic.: Liv.: v.T0 Ex- 
TERMINATE. ||, Fruit of the wild rose: 
*cynosbati acinus. 

hipped, hippish: perh. mélancho- 
licus ; V. HYPOCHONDRIAC. 

hippocentaur: hippocentaurus: Cie. 

hippodrome: hippédrimos, i, m.: 
LHe ere (pure Lat. spatium: v. RACE- 
COURSE). 

hippogriff: *hippogryps, -yphos, or 
-gryphus, i: Vv. GRIFFIN. 

hippopotamus: hippopotamus, i, 
m.: Plin.: Mela (equus fluviatilis, in 
Plin. 8, 21, 30, appears to mean a 
different animal). 


hire (swbs.): merces, édis, f. (wages | 
of any kind): the h. of service, operae | 


m., Cic.: to degrade an art to h. and 
profit, artem ad m. atque quaestum ab- 
ducere, Cic. Div. 1, 41, fin. That is done 
for h., or working for h., mercénarius, 
Cic.: Liv.: V. HIRED. 

hire (v.): condico, xi, ctum, 3: T 
was h.d to cook, not to be beaten, coctum 
non vapulatum conductus fui, Pl. Aul. 
3,3,9: toh. a@ house, domum c., Cic. (v. 
tO RENT). Mercede, pretio, are some- 
times added, esp. with an adj., as magno 
pretio c., Cic. Inv. 2,1, 1. To h. oneself 
out, auctorari; esp. of gladiators: Hor. 
6. 2, 7, 59- 

hired ( part. adj.): 1, conductus 
(actually taken into pay): h. gangs of 
Troughs, operae c., Cic. Sext. 17, imit.: a 
h. abode, c. lar, Mart. 11, 82. Join: 
conductus et redemptus, Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 
5. 2. conducticius (to be had for 
hire, whether actually hired or not): the 
h, service of free labourers, c. liberorum 
operae, Varr. R. R. 1, 17 (where the 
kind of labour is to be described): a h. 
house (one of the class not occupied by 
their owners), domus c., Pore. in Suet. 
Ter. 3, mercénarius (esp. with re- 

3714 





ference to something not usually or not 
lawfully trafficked v1): V. MERCENARY, 
HIRELING, Oft. in masc. as subst. = a 
h. servant, opp. to a slave: to treat 
slaves as h. servants, servis uti ut mer- 
cenariis, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41. 

hireling (subs.): mercénarius (ap- 
plied to day-labourers, without re- 
proach): v. HIRED (3). 

hireling (adj.): merceénarius: a h. 
praetor, m. praetor, Cic. Verr. 5, 21, 54 
See also CORRUPT. 

hirer: conductor: Pl.: Plin. jun. 

hiring (subs.): conductio: e. g. 
fundi, Cic. Or expr. by verb: v. TO 
HIRE. 

hirsute: hirsitus: Cic.: Ov. 

his (adj. pron.) : 1. expr. by gen. 
of is (v. L. G. §§ 370, sqq.): h. father 
Neocles was of noble birth, pater ejus 
Neocles generosus fuit, Nep. Them. 1: 
cf. id. Cim. 1: Numerius h. brother ts 
dead, Numerius frater ejus, mortuus 
est, Cic. Clu. 7, 21. (N.B.—Hjus may 
always be so used when his=of the per- 
son aforesaid : ct. L. G. |. c.) 9, expr. 
by gen. of hic (when the pron. is used 
to denote the principal subject of dis- 
course): comp. Nep. Them. init., The- 
mistocles, Neoclis filius, Atheniensis. 
Hujus vitia, etc. : also, id. Paus. init., Hu- 
jus illustrissimum proelium, etc. (= of 
the subject of this memoir): v. THIS. 
(N.B.—Hence hujus is more emphatic 
than ejus, giving more prominence to 
the person referred to.) 3, expr. by 
gen. of ipse (when the his is emphatic, 
not referring to the subject): vhy 
should they despair of their own courage 
or h. vigilance, cur de sua virtute aut 
de ipsius diligentia desperarent? Caes. 
B. G. 1, 40: cf. ib. 1, 21, certior factus 
hostes consedisse millia passuum ab ip- 
sins (=his own) castris octo 4. 
expr. by gen. of qui (when his is preced. 
by a conj.; Latin authors freq. using 
the rel. pron. as a connective): and he 
relieved his exile by sending him money, 
cujus fugam pecunia sublevavit, Nep. 
Att. 2: ef. ib. 5, cujus sic asperitatem 
veritus est: ib. 12, cujus gratia cum 
posset (= and though he might... .his). 

5, suus (referring to the subject of 

the sentence, or sometimes to another 
subst. immediately preceding with which 
it is closely connected: cf. L. G. § 361): 
him his fellow-citizens drove into exile, 
hunc sui cives e civitate ejecerunt, Cic. 
Sext. 68, 143. Suus is very often more 
or less emphatic (=his own), esp. when 
used as in preced. ex. with ref. to a 
subst. which is not the subject: some- 
times strengthened by -pte, euphony 
permitting: Crassum suapte interfec- 
tum manu, Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 10. See 
also OWN. 6, whenever the his is 
unemphatic, it is usu. not expr. in Lat. : 
or if expr. at all, by ejus, suus (referring 
to the subject), as quasi-enclitics after 
the substt. to which they belong (cf. 
L. G. § 673): his father died early, pater 
mature decessit, Nep. Att. 2 (where 
ejus might have been used) : he ordered 
his son-in-law Agrippa to be sent for, 
Agrippam generum ad se accersi jussit, 
ib. 21 (where suum might have been 
added): comp. also foll. exx.: Ciceroni 
in omnibus ejus periculis singularem 
fidem praebuit, ib. 4: quae amicis suis 
opus fuerunt, ib. 7: in funere matris 
suae, ib. 17: in which cases the pro- 
nouns might have been dispensed with 
as above. 

hiss (v.): 1. sibilo, 1: the ser- 
pent h.’s with its mouth, serpens s. ore, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 754: the red-hot tron h.’s 
plunged in the bubbling water, ferrum 
igne rubens in trepida submersum s. 
unda, Ov. As a hostile demonstration : 
the people h. me, populus me s., Hor. S. 
I, 1, 66: ef. Cic. Att. 2, 19, I: comp. 
HIss (subs.) ; and foll. art. 9. strideo 
or strido, i, 2 and 3 (te make any harsh, 
offensive noise: poet.): the monster of 
Lerna horribly h.ing, bellua Lernae hor- 
rendum stridens, Virg. Aen. 6, 288: of 
heated iron in water, Lucr. 6,149. 3. 
expr. by sibilus (esp. poet.): v. HISS (subs.). 








hiss off: i.e. from the stage, etc. : 
1, explodo, si, sum, 3 (lit. to clap 
off ; drive off by clapping): Aesopus 73 
hd off, if he be but a trifle hoarse, 
Aesopus si paullum irrauserit exptoditur, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 61,259: Hor. More fully, 
sibilis explodere, Cic. R, Com. 11, init. 
Q, exsibilo, 1 (rare): to be h.’d by 
@ spectator, a spectatore exsibilari, Suet. 
Aug. 45, extr. Join: exsibilari et ex- 
plodi, Cic. Par. 3, 2, 26. 3, exigo, 
égi, actum, 3 (to drive off the stage by 
any kind of hostile demonstrations : 
rare): to h. plays off, fabulas ex., Ter. 
Andr. prol. 27, extr. 
hiss, hissing (svbs.): __1, sibilus, 
pl. sibila to utter dreadful h.s, horrenda 
Ss. mittere, Ov. Ott. of hostile demon- 
strations: to assail any one with hs, 
aliquem sibilis consectari, Cic. Att. 2, 
18; sibilis conscindere (a stronger expr.), 
ib. z, 19. 9. stridor (poet.: cf. TO 
HISs, 2): Ov. Phr.: without a single 
h. (opp. to applause, clamores), sine ulla 
pastoricia fistula (the shepherd’s pipe 
ae a hissing sound), Cic. Att. 2, 
16, 6. 
hissing (adj.): 1, sibilus: the h. 
neck of an adder, s. colla colubrae: 
Virg.: Ov. 2, stridilus (cf. TO HISS, 
2): Virg.: Sen. Ah. sound, sibilus: v. 
preced. art. 
hist (interj.): st! cf. Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 
1, st! st! tacete! Cic. Fam. 16, 24, sed 
st! literas tuas exspecto. 
historian : 1, historicus (one 
acquainted with history; whether a 
writer or not): orators, peets, and h.s, 
oratores et poetae et h., Cic. Top. 20, 
fin.: an h. of great authority, gravissi- 
mus h., Nep. Alc. 11: Quint. (homo his- 
toricus, Cic. Marc. 7, 16, is @ person ac- 
quainted with history). 2. scriptor 
rerum (the writer’): Sull. Cat. 3: Liv.: 
the term is applicable to any kind of 
narrator or chronicler of events, cf. Cic. 
Fam. 2, 4, init., tuarum rerum domes- 
ticos habes et scriptores et nuncios. 
Also, conditor rerum, Plin. 36, 15, 24, 
§ 106. (Explicator rerum, Cic. Or. 9, 313 
and pronuntiator rerum, id. Br, 83, 287; 
denote rather a narrator than an his 
torian.) 3, historiae scriptor: Gell. 
2, 13: for which auctor historiae may 
be used when an authority is appealed 
to: Gell. 1, 11. 4, histériographus 
(only in very late authors): Capitol. 
Gord. 2, jin. Phr.: a most reliable h 
(strictly, authority), bonus auctor in 
primis, Cic. Off. 3, 32, imit.: contempo- 
vary h. relate, tradunt ejus temporis 
auctores, Tac. Ann. 5, 9: A.s, qui res 
gestas scripserunt, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, fin. 
(cf. supr. 3): the hs of Africanus, qui 
de vita et rebus Africani scripserunt, 
1, histdricus (rare, 


Gell. 7, 1- 

historic t 

historical {and used only as tech. 
term) in theh. style, h. genere [sc. scri- 
bendi], Cic. Br. 83, 286. 2. expr. by 
historia: to devote oneself to h. composi: 
tion, ad scribendam historiam se applic 
care, Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 553 Se ad h. con: 
ferre, ib. § 57: the primary h. canon, 
prima lex historiae, ib. 2, 15, 62: th 
principles of h. composition, historias 
ratio, Gierig ad Plin. Ep. 5,8. Phr.: 
h. accuracy, historiae fides, (e. g. ad his- 
toriae fidem scribere), Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1 
8; rerum fides (in wider sense of truth 
to fact), Liv. 33, 34, init.: Cic. (in Kr.) 
historica fides, Ov. Am. 3, 12, jin.; 
things handed down with h. certainty, 
quae incorruptis rerum gestarum mo 
numentis traduntur, Liv. pref.: an h 
painter, *qui res gestas ex annalibus 
{historiis] depromptas pingit (R. ang 
A.): or as scient. t. ¢., *pictor his: 
toricus. 

historically ; historiceé (v. rare): 
Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 5. Usu. better expr. by 
circuml.: to write not so much h. as 
oratorically, non tam historico quam 
oratorio genere scribere, Cic. Br. 83, 
init.; to treat a subject h., ex ratione 
rerum scribere, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 63. 
_historiographer : per. commenta- 
riorum scriptor: V. HISTORIAN, 


HISTORY 





history: 1, histéria (most gen. 
term): at first h. was nothing but the 
dvawing up of annals, initio erat h. 
nibil aliud nisi annalium contectio, Cic. : 
(Herodotus) father of h., paver historiae, 
Cic.: natural h., naturalis h., Plin.: to 
write or compose h., historiam scribere, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, §53; bh. componere, Plin. 
Ep. 1, 1: Just.: to write a h. of Rome, 
res Romanas in historiam conferre, 
Just. pref.: sometimes in pl., Just. 
l.c.: Gell.: ancient h., *h. antiqua 
(vetus historia is a story handed 
down from olden time): modern h., 
*h. recentior: or perh. better, *recen- 
tioris aetatis h.: sacred, profane h., 
*rerum sacrarum, profanarum h. ‘ 
mémoria rerum gestarum (records of 
the past): Sall. Jug. 4, init. : ancient 
h. records that...., in literis veteribus 
memoria exstrt, Gell. 10, 27, init. 3. 
very often expr by res, res gestae: to 
write a detailed h. of the Roman people, 
res populi R. perscribere, Liv. pref. 
init.: to write Roman h. wn detached 
portions, res gestas P. R. carptim scri- 
bere, Sall. Cat. 4. Phr.: the remains 
of ancient h., monumenta antiquitatis, 
Cic. Sen. 11, 38: tt is related in Grecian 
h., in monumentis Graecae historiae 
scriptum est, Gell. ro, 17° to wiite the 
h. of the veign of Tiberius, principatum 
Tiberii scribere, Tac. Ann. 1, 1, extr.: 
Sall. Jug. init. 

histrionic: histridnalis, e: Tac. cf. 
Dial. Or 26. (Usu. better expr. by gen. 
pl. ofhistrio: v. ACTOR v. THEATRICAL.) 
Phr.: the h. art, ludicra ars, Liv. 7, 
2, fin. 

hit (v.): |. To strike: fério, tun- 
do, etc.: v. TO STRIKE, BEAT. Pbhr.: 
you have h. the nail on the head, teti- 
gisti acu, Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 19 (in which 
sense modern writers use the fuller form, 
rem acu tetigisti): toh. a man when he 
is down, *humi dejecto plagas ingerere ; 
in fig. sense, *infelici insultare. Il. 
Fig.: to hit upon: offendo, 3 (trans.) ; 
incido, 3 (intrans.): Vv. TO LIGHT UPON, 
FALL IN WITH. II. Zo hit off, e.g. a 
likeness: to h. off any one’s character, 
alicujus mores bene describere, PI. 

hit (subs.): plaga: v. Blow. Phr.: 
a hit! hoc bhabet (gladiat. phr.), Virg. 
Aen. 12, 296: Pl.: Ter. See also 
CHANCE. 

hitch (subs.): perh. scriptlus (any 
source of embarrassment): cf. Ter. Ph. 
5, 8, 30. Phr.: there is ah., haeret res 
{in salebra], cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84: there 
ts ah. in the verse, claudicat versus: v. 
TO HALT, LIMP. 

hither (adv.): huc: Cic.: Virg. 
Phr.: Ah. and thither, huc, illuc, Cic. Att. 
9, 9, med.; huc atque illue, id. de Or. 
I, 40, 184 (a graver expression); huc et 
illue, id. Div. 2, 38,803; bhuc et illo, Sen.; 
huc illucque, Plin : when the action of 
a number is described, passim (in every 
direction): to fly h. and thither unre- 
strainedly (of birds), p. ac libere volitare, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 6,23. Join: hucetilluc 
passim [vagari], Cic. Div. lc. See also 
BACKWARDS (I, /in.). 

hither (adj.): citérior, us: Caes. 
ya citimus, hithermost, Cic. Rep. 
, 16. 

hither (interj.): Adesdum! Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 2; buc ades! Virg. E. 2, 45. 

hitherto: |. Of time 1, ad- 
hue (up to the present time: to denote 
continuity of action, usque may be pre- 
fixed): a crime h. punished in the case 
of none yet, facinus a. in nullo etiam 
vindicatum, Cic. Verr. 3, 84, 194: as I 
have h. done, sicut a. feci, Cic. aa 6, 
14, extr.: I have been idle h., cessatum 
usque a. est, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 23: PL: 
Suet. 9, antéhac (before now): v. 
BEFORE. I]. Of place: hue usque (or 
as one word): Plin. 

hitherward: horsum: PL: Ter. 

hive; alvus, alveus, alvearium: v. 
BEEHIVE. 

ho (interj.): 1, heus (used in 
calling attention): Ter.: Virg.: Cic. 

9. sho (expr. surprise, or to call 

attention: only in comio writers): PI. : 


iOB-NOB 


HOLD 





| Ter. Strengthened form, ehodum, ho, 
indeed' Ter. Andr. 3, 5, 10. 3. ho 
(expr. surprise: rare): Ter. 

hoar (aj ): canus: kh. /rost, c. prui- 
na, Virg.: Mart.: v. HOARY, GRAY. 

hoard (subls.): acervus: a h. of 
bruss and gold, aeris a. et auri, Hor.: 
V. HEAP. 

hoard (v.): 1, récondo, didi, di- 
tum, :. wealth h.’d in a treasure-house, 
opes aerario reconditae, Quint. 10, 3, 3: 
Col. 2. colligo, 3; céacervo, 1: v. TO 
ACCUMULATE, STORK. 

hoar-frost: 1, pruina: h. comes 
Jrom frozen dew, pr. ex rore gelido gig- 
nitur, Plin. 2, 60, 61: Varr.: Cie. In 
the poets, cana is often added, Virg. G. 
2, 376: Mart. When the pl. is used, 
it denotes continued or accumulated h.s : 
Cic.: Lucr.: Hor. Q, gélicidium (esp. 
the early h.s or frozen dew :; only in pl.): 
if there ave h.s when you gather the 
olive, si g. erunt, cum oleam coges, Cato, 
R. R. 65: Col. Join: pruinae et geli- 
cidia nocturna, Col. 11, 2, ad init. Co- 
vered with h., pruinosus, Ov.: Pall. 

hoar-hound: marribium candidum: 
Plin.: black h., ballotée, es: Plin. 

hoariness: calities, Gi: Ov. M. 1, 
238: Plin. 

hoarse: raucus (denoting either an 
affection of the throat, or natural harsh- 
ness of voice): to male oneself h. with 
asking, rogitando r. fieri, Pl. Ep. 2, 2, 
18: Cic.: the h. croak of frogs, vox r. 
ranarum, Ov.: the h. Adriatic, r. Adria, 
Hor. Somewhat h., subraucus, Cic. To 
become h., irraucesco, irrausi, 3 : but the 
perf. only occurs: if he be but a trifle 
h., si paulum irrauserit, Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 
259. Phr.: tocall ti/l one ts h., usque 
ad ravim poscere, Pl. Aul. 2, 5, 10: when 
by being encored again and again he 
had become h., qauum saepius revocatus 
vocein obtudisset, Liv. 7, 2. 

hoarsely : *rauca voce, rauco sono: 
Vv. HOARS:. (Or poet. raucum, cf, L. G. 
9 344-) 

hoarseness: 1, raucitas: Cels. : 
Plin. (raucédo only in Isid. Or. 4, 7). 

9. ravis, is, im, f. (only found in 

acc.): to get vid of h. (phlegm), vr. pur- 
gare, Apul.: PL (cf. HOaRsE, fin.). 3, 
aspéritas faucium: Plin. 30, 4, 11. 








branchus (Gr. Bpayxos, a particular kind 
of h.): Asid. Or. 1. c.: Coel. Aur. 

hoary: 1, canus: h. locks, c. ca- 
pilli, Hor.: also cani absol., Cic. Sen. 18, 
init. 2. incanus (chiefly poet.) h. 
chin, i. menta, Virg. Aen. 6, 809: Cat. : 
h. head, i. caput, Suet. Dom. 20. To be 
h., caneo, ui, 2: willows h. with foliage 
gray, glauca canentia fronde salicta, 
Virg. G. 2, 13: to become h., canesco, 3: 
Ov : Plin.: A. antiquity, perh. prisca 
vetustas, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 193: V. 
OLDEN, ANCIENT. 

hoax (subs.): Phr.: to play off a 
h. upon any one, perh. ludificare ali- 
quem (to make a fool of a man: v. 
Lat. Dict. s. v.): this is a@ pretty h., 
pulchre ludificor! Pl. Truc. 2, 8, 6: to 
contrive ah.,*lepidam quandam fraudem 
comminisci. 

hoax (v.): perh. lidifico, 1: 
ced. art. 

hob: nearest words fScus, caminus : 
V. FIRE-PLACE. 

hobble: claudico, 1: v. TO LIMP. 

hobby: perb. sttidium (eager pur- 
suit): cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 1, mmit., venio 
nunc ad istius, qaemadmodum ipse ap- 
pellat studiwnm (what he calls his h.) ; 
ut amici ejus morbum et insaniam. 
Phr,: this is one of my hs (articles of 
virtu), genus est hoc voluptatis meae, 
Cic. Att. I, 9. : 

hobby-horse: — |, Lit.: for chil- 
dren to ride: arundo, inis, f.: to ride 
oma h., equitare in a. longa, Hor. S. 2, 
3, 248. Il. Fig.: esp. a favourite 
opinion or theory: to ride one’s h., in- 
eptiis suis plaudere, Dial. Or. 32, extr. 
(R and A.). 

hobgoblin : larva: v. GHOST, GOBLIN. 

hob-nail: clavus: v. NAIL. 

hob-nob: nearest word, propino, I 
(to drink to the health of): Cic.: Virg. 


v. pre- 


| hobson's choice: *ea lex eligendd 
ut ex aliena sententia eligas, non tua. 

hock (subs.): nearest word perh 
poples, itis, m.: v. HAM (1.). 

hock (v.): poplites succido: v. To 
HAMSTRING, 

hockey: *lusus genus in quo pila 
perticis (arundinibus) pulsatur. 

hocus-pocus: V- TRICK, JUGGLERY. 

hod: *instrumentum ad calcem bu- 
meris portandam. 

hodge-podge: perh. farrago, Inis, 
Jt. (a mized dish): cf. Juv. 1, 86: or 
miscellanea, 2rum (a /cind of hash given 
to gladiators), Juv. 11, 20. 

hoe (subs.): 1, sarcilum, less freq. 
sarcilus. to cover up seed with h.s, sar- 
culis semen advbruere, Col. 2, 11, ad 
Jin.: to clear with a light h., levi pur- 
gare s., Plin. 18, 26, 65,241: Hor. Men- 
tion is made of single and double h.s, 8. 
simplices, bicornes, Pall. 1, 43. 9. 
marta (a forked tuol of some kind): cf. 
Col. 10, 72 and 88. (Ligo is a digging 
Forlc or spade.) 

hoe (v.): 1, sarrio, 4: Cato: Plin. 

9. sarciilo, 1: Pall. 3. purgo, I 

(to clear by hoving or otherwise): Plin.: 
Vv. HOE (subs.). 4. picto, xi, xum 
and pectitum, 3 (to clear out weeds, etc., 
as with a comb): Col. 10, 148 and 94 
(poet. ). 

hoeing: ], sarritio, sarritiira: 
Col. 9. sarcilatio: Plin. 

hoer: sarritor: Col. 

hog: porcus: a kh. from Epicure’s 
herd, Epicuri de grege p., Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 
extr.: Cic.: Script. R. R. (porcus may 
be used of the female, strictly, porca): 
v. PIG. H.’s flesh, (caro) porcina, suilla 
(v. porK): h.'s lard, adeps suillus (R. 
and A.). 

hoggish: inquinatus, foedus, ete.: 
Vv. FOUL. 

hogshead: perh. dolium: y. CASK. 

hogsty: j, hira: one fetched 
From a h. (fig.). ex bh. productus, Cic, in 
Pis. 16, init.: Varr.: Col. (but hara is 
also used of enclosures Jor other ant- 
mats: v. Lat. Dict. s.v.). 2, suile, is, 
n.: to sweep out a h., s. converrere, Col. 

hoiden: v. HOYDEN. 

hoist (v.): tollo, sublévo: v. To 
RAISE. Phr.: toh. sail, vela dare, pan- 
dere: v. SAIL. (Vela subducere is fo haul 
up sails to the antennae ; to fuil them.) 

hoist (subs.): perb. tolleno, Onis, m. 
(a machine used for raising water, 
men, etc.): cf. Plin. 19, 4, 20: Veg. Mil. 


4, 21. 

hold (subs.): |. Grasp; chiefly 
in certain phr.: (i). to take h.: (1). pré- 
hendo (syne. prendo), di, sum, 3: to 
take h. of any one by the hand, aliquem 
manu pr., Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 240: Pl. 
Fig.: of plants, to take h. of the ground, 
root, Pall. 3, 25, ad init. Frequent. 
préhenso, prenso, 1, to take h. frequently, 
make efforts to lay h. of, Virg.: Ov.: 
Tac. (2). appréhendo, 3 (=preced.): 
to take h. of a serpent with one hand, 
anguem altera ap. manu, Pl. Am. §, 1, 
67: Ter.: the atoms take h. of one an- 
other, atomi aliae alias ap., Cic. N. D. 1, 
20, §4. (3). compréhendo, 3 (strictly, 
to grasp with both hands, so as to em- 
brace): to take h. of things with the 
hands, res manibus ¢., Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 
g2: the pincers lay h. of the tooth, for- 
fex dentem c., Cels.: for fig. sense, v. 
TO COMPREHEND. (4). arripio, ripui, 
reptum, 3 (hastily, snatching at): ¥. 
TO SEIZE. (ii). to keep h.: téneo, r& 
tineo, 2: v. TO HOLD. (iii). to lose EG 
dmitto, misi, ssum, 3: Vv. GO (to let). 
(iv). miscell. pbr.: fo keep a firm h. 
of anything, *aliquid manibus compre- 
hensum enixe tenere ; in fig. sense (—le 
be much devoted to it), Magno amore 
aliquid amplexum tenere, Cic. Sull. 20, 
fin.: to obtain a strong h. upon any 
‘one by kindness, aliquem benetictis sibi 
devincire, Cic. Fam. 13, 7. extr.: also, 
with obligare (Vv. OBLIGATION). — II. up 
a ship : perh. caverna: Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 
180, where, however, the word is in pl. 
(Alveus is the hull: q. v.) I. Cus- 
tody: vinciila, carcer: Vv. PRISON. 

375 








HOLD 


HOLD FORTH 





hold (v.): A, Trans.: |. To 
keep hold of : ], téneo, ui, ntum, 2: 
toh. a little box in the hand, pyxidem 
im manu t., Cic. Coel. 26, fin.: but if 
the object be not such as to lie in the 
hand, use abl. alone: cf. Ov. F. 1, 99, 
ille tenens baculum desxtra : Cic. Off. 3, 
17, init. 2. rétineo, 2 (to h. back, 
keep hold of): why do you h. me back # 
quid me retines? Pl. Ep. 1, 1, 65: in its 
left hand it (the figure) held a bow, 
sinistra manu retinebat arcum, Cic. Verr. 
4, 34, 14. 8. gesto, 1 (to carry in the 
arms or on the person): toh. a baby in 


one’s arms, infantem puerum in mani- | 


bus g., cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 24. See also 
foll. artt. []. Zo contain: capio, 
cépi, captum, 3: your stomach will not 
therefore h. more than mine, non tuus 
hoc capiet venter plus quam meus, 
Hor.S. 1,1, 46: Cic.: v.10 CONTAIN (1.). 
[I]. With ref. to fluids ; not to suffer 

to escape: expr. by transmitto, perfluo : 
a vessel with holes in it, which will h. 
nothing, vas perforatum et quodcunque 
accipit transmittens, cf. Sen. Ep. 99, 6: 
so as to h. water, ne humorem trans- 
mittat, Col. 1, 6, ad fin. : that vessel is 
leaky ; it won’t h. water, plenum rima- 
rum vas est; hac atque illac perfluit, 
ef. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25. IV. Zo occupy 
land, etc. : 1, possideo, sédi, sessum, 
2 (not involving ownership): to h. land 
that has been forcibly seized, agrum per 
vim occupatum p., Caes. B.G. 6, 12: that 
no one should h. more than 500 jugers 
of land, nequis plus quingenta jugera 
possideret, Liv. 6, 35. Join: possidere 
atque habere, Liv. 26, 11, med. 2) 
habeo, 2 (to be in actual possession of ) : 
y. TO possess. Phr.: lands held on the 
best tenure, praedia quae optima condi- 
tione sunt, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9. 3. ob- 
tineo, 2 (to be in possession of ; rightly 
or wrongly: not used of ordinary occu- 
pancy of land): toh. Gaul and Italy by 
arms, Galliam atque Italiam armis ob., 
Liv. 30, 19: toh. the highest position in 
a state, principatum in civitate obtinere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 3: to h. (a country) as 
@ province, cum imperio ob., Cic. Fam. 1, 
9 4 
against attack: rétineo, 2: to h. a 
town, oppidum r., Caes. B. G. 7, 21. 
Kig.: to hold one’s own against an- 
other, jus suum contra aliquem r., Cic. 
Verr. 3, 14, 73: VI. Zo be in the en- 
joyment of an office: géro, ssi, stum, 3: 
to h. the office of consul, praetor, etc., 
consulatum, praeturam g., Cic.: Liv. 
(pass.). N.B.—Very oft. not exactly 
expressed: while h.ing the office of con- 
sul for the fourth time, quartum consul 
in apposition), Cic. Sen. 4, 10: ef. L.G. 
5 589,2. VII, To entertain an opinion: 
téneo, 2: with sententiam, Cic. Fin. 1, 
10, 34 (but the phr. denotes rather the 
maintenance of an opinion than the 
mere entertaining of it). Usu. expr. 
by sentio: to h. this opinion, sic putare, 
existimare, etc. : Vv. TO THINK, MAINTAIN 3 
OPINION. Y||[|, Zo deem: habeo, diico, 
existimo: v. TO CONSIDER (1V.), THINK. 
1X. To have, treat: esp. in phr., to 

h. in honour, aliquem in honore habere, 
Cic. Att. 9, 2, jin.: when an adj. is 
used, sometimes without prep.: to h. in 
especial honour, praecipuo habere ho- 
nore, Caes. B.G. 5, 54: to be held in some 
degree of honour, aliquo esse numero 
atque honore, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, init. 
X. To check, stop: Phr.: to h. 
one’s tongue, tacere: h. your tongue, 
pray, tace modo! Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 16: PL; 
tene linguam, Ov. F. 2, 602 (continere 
linguam, only in sense of habitually 
keeping control over one's language, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13): reticere (where some- 
thing is kept secret): in truth I cannot 
h. my peace, enimvero reticere nequeo, 
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3,79: to h. one’s breath, 
animam comprimere, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 28: 
to h. one’s hands (keep them off any 
one), manus comprimere, Ter. Heaut. 3, 
3,2y. XI. Vo conduct elections, meet- 
ings, cte. : 
sular elections, comitia consulum h., 
Liv. 3, 20: Cic.: to h.a levy of troops, 

376 


V. To maintain possession of 


1, habeo, 2: toh. the con- | 


delectum h., Caes. B. G. 6, 1: Cic.: to h. 
a discussion, disputationem h., Cic. Rep. 
Hoy toe Q. ago, @gi, actum, 3: esp. in 
phr.,. conventus a., to h. the circuits or 
assizes, Caes. B. G. I, 54. B, In- 
trans.: |. Yo remain fast: perh. 
maneo, permaneo: v. TO REMAIN. Il. 
To be true, or applicable: convénit, 
venit, 4 (foll. by in, ad): any one of 
these things will h. of me, in me quidvis 
harum rerum convenit, Ter. Heaut. 5, 
1, 3: neither of these hs of every kind 
of land, neutrum horum ad omnem 
agrum c., Varr. R. R. 4, 19: ef. Cic. 
Sull. 7, extr. Ill. Zo think: censeo, 
existimo, etc.: v. TO THINK. See also 
foll. artt. 

at 


hold back: [uinane.: 
rétineo, 2: to h. oneself back (in dis 
course), se ret., Cic. Leg. 1, 19, extr.: 
Virg. 2. répréhendo, 3 (to take hold 
of in order to check: rare in lit. sense): 
to h. back runaways with the hand, 
fugientes mann r., Liv. 34, 14. 8. ré- 
voco, I (in fig. sense): to h. any one back 
from crime, aliquem a scelere r., Cic. 
Cat. 3, 5, 10 (but the verb implies that 
the thing is already entered upon) : ct. 
id. Clu. 5,12. J, Intrans.: to show 
hesitation : ], perh. gravor, 1 (to 
male difficulties about doing anything): 
ef. Cic. Clu. 25, 69, sed primo gravari 
coepit ..... post exoratus, he at first 
(affected to) h. back .... afterwards was 
prevailed upon: I would not h. back, if 
Thad confidence in myself, ego non gra- 
varer, si mibi ipse confiderem, Cic. Am. 
5, init. Comp. the use of the adv. 
gravate, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 59, gravate ille 
primo, he at first (pretends to) h. back. 
2. cunctor, 1: v. TO HESITATE. 
— cheap: 1. negligo, exi, ectum, 
3: toh. money cheap on occasion, pecu- 
niam in loco n., Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 8: Cic.: 
V. TO DISREGARD. Q. parvi facio: v. 
TO VALUE. 
fast: 1, rétineo, 2: to h.a 
vessel fast with a grappling-iron, navem 
injecta manu ferrea r., Caes. B. C. 1, 58. 
Esp. fig.: to h. fast truth and honour, 
et veritatem et fidem r., Cic. Am. 24, 
init.: V. TO RETAIN. 2. amplexor, 1 
(to cling to: fig.): to h. the jaster to 
one’s decision, judicium suum am. ac 
tueri, Br. in Cic. Br. 1, 11, extr. a 
mordeo, modmordi, morsum, 2 (to clasp 
tight: poet.): a clasp held fast her 
dress, mordebat fibula vestem, Ov. M. 8, 
318: Virg. See also TO MAINTAIN. 
—— forth or out: A, Trans: 
|. Lit.: to stretch out: 1. por- 
rigo, rexi, rectum, 3: to h. out the hand 
for the purpose of giving anything, 
manum ad tradendum aliquid p., Cic. 
Clu. 26, fin.: Vv. TO STRETCH FORTH. 
9. tendo, tétendi, sum and tum, 3: 
she held out little Tulus to his father, 
parvum patri tendebat lulum, Virg. 
Join: porrigere atque tendere, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 40, fin. 8, extendo, di, tum, 
3: he held out his neck and presented 
it for his freedman (to strike), extentam 
cervicem liberto praebuit, Vell. 2, 70: 
Cic.: Vv. TO STRETCH FORTH. 4, ex- 
séro, ui, rtum, 3 (to put forth to view) : 
to h. out the tongue in mockery, linguam 
ab irrisu ex., Liv. 7, 10: Virg. Fre- 
quent., exserto, 1: Virg. 5, praebeo, 
2 (to offer; place at any one’s disposal) : 
cf. supr. (3): V. TO PRESENT, OFFER. 
Phr.: we too have held out our hand 
(lit. have withdrawn it) to the rod, et 
nos manum ferulae subduximus, Juv. 1, 
15 (but manum praebuimus is good 
Lat.: ef. cervicem praebere, Petr. 97 : 
Vell.): to h. out the (helping) hand, 
manum dare, Quint. 2,3, 7. ff. Fig.: 
to exhibit, show a prospect of : ik 
ostendo, di, tum, 3: to h. forth hopes to 
bad men, spem improbis os., Cic. Agr. 
1, 8, init.: to h. out expectations of a 
gift, munus os., Cic. Fam. 9, 8, init. 
Frequent. ostento, 1 (to keep h.ing out 
or offering): to h. out rewards and in- 
timidations, praemia, metum os., Sall. 
| Jug. 23. 2. propono, podsui, itum, 3: 
| toh. out great rewards, magna praemia 
p., Caes. B. G. 5, 58: Virg.: v. TO OFFER. 

















HOLE 





B. Intrans.: |. Joh. forth 

i. e. to speak: contidnor, contionem 
hibeo: v. TO HARANGUE. Il. Zo h. 
out, i. e. endure: V. TO HOLD OvrT (il.). 

hold in: 1, inhibeo, 2: to h. in 
horses (from going too fast), equos inb., 
Ov. M. 2, 128 (equos sustinere, Cic. Ac. 
2, 29, 94, is to pull up; in which sense 
Liv. has frenos inh., 1, 48, med.). 2. 
coOhibeo, contineo, etc.: v. TO RESTRAIN, 
Phr.: toh. in the reins, frenos or frena 
ducere, adducere: v. REINS. 

— off: Vv. TO KEEP OFF. 


— on: téneo, 2: to h. on one's 
course, cursum t., Caes.: Cic. 

— out: |. Zo present: v. To 
HOLD FORTH. To endure: iL 


sustineo, 2: they (the besieged) could no 
longer h. out, sese diutius s. non posse, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 6, extr.: Cic. Fam. 12, 6, 
exti.: Oftener an acc., such as vim hos- 
tium, impetum, is added: v. To WITH- 
sTAND. Simly. frequent., sustento, t 
(implying frequent attacks): had they 
not been relieved, they could not have 
held out any longer, nec nisi subventum 
foret, ultra sustentaturi fuerint, Liv. 
34, 18. 2. perféro, 3, ivr. (usu. witb 
all acc.): V. TO ENDURE. 3. résisto, 
3: V. TO RESIST. 4, duro, 1 (to last 
out): Vv. TO ENDURE. 5. obdiro, 1 
(to persist): Join: perferre et ob- 
durare, Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 7: Cic. 

— to: |. To apply: adméveo; 
movi, tum, 2: to h.a firebrand to any 
one’s (face), facem alicui ad., Cic. Phil. 
2, 12, fin.: V. TO APPLY. Il. Zo cling 
to: téneo (cf. To HOLD, VII.), amplexor 
ac tueor (Vv. TO HOLD FAST): V. TO MAIN- 


TAIN, 

p: |. Yo lift up: if 
tollo, sustili, sublatum, 3: to h. wp one’s 
hands (in astonishment), manus t., Cie: 
Ac. 2; 19; 63: 2, sublévo, 1: v. To 
LIFT UP. 3. érigo, rexi, ctum, 3 (to 
elevate from a depressed position): h 
up your heads, *erigite capita! Oft. in 
fig. sense, we h. wp our heads (take cou- 
rage), erigimur, Hor. S. 2, 8, 57. Il. 
To keep from falling: sustineo, 2: to 
h. oneself up from falling, se a lapsu s., 
Liv. 21, 35: Caes. Frequent. sustento, 
I (to make efforts to h. up), Virg. Aen. 
10, 338. Ill. Of the weather, to be- 
come fair: if the weather h. up, si 
sudum erit, Cic. Fam. 16, 18, jfin.; more 
precisely, *si coelum serenius fiet; si 
imbres se cohibebunt. 
with: consentio, 4: v. TO AGREE 
with. Phr.: those who h. with Plato, 
Aristotle, illi a Platone, Aristotele, Cic. 
Mur. 30, fin. 

hold (interj.): perh. Ghé! ef. Hor. S. 
I, 5, 12, ohe! trecentos inseris! 

holder: |. One who holds: expr. 
by verb: v. TO HOLD, HOLD WITH. Il. 
An instrument for holding: perb. re- 
ceptacilum (v. Lat. Dict. s. v.), or capu- 
lus (that which one holds a thing by): 
Vv. HANDLE. (Retinaculum, tenaculum, 
are for holding a thing fast by.) 

hold-fast: 1. fibiila (for fasten- 
ing beams together): Vitr. 1, 5, 3: Caes. 

2. uncus (a clamping-hook) : Hor 

Od. 1, 35, 20. 3. ansa ferrea (= pre- 
ced.): Vitr. 2, 8. 4. 

holding (subs.): conditio: the best h, 
(of lands), optima c., Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9. 

hole: |. An aperture: 1, fora- 
men, inis, 7. (a h. pierced): the h. of a 
flute, tibiae f., Hor. A. P. 203: falling 
into a gully-h., prolapsus in f. cloacae, 
Suet. Gr. 2. 2, civum, cavus: he 
made a number of hs in the wall, 
murum crebris c. aperuit, Liv. 24, 34, 
med.: stop up the h. you have made, 
cavum quem feceris obturato, Col. 12, 
8, init. 8, licina (a cavity); Varr.: 
Lucr. Phr.: to make ah. (or hs) in 
anything, pertundo, tidi, tisum, 3 (v¥. 
TO BORE): to make a h. through the 
bottom of a cup, p. calicem per fundum, 
Cato, R. R. 52: a vessel with h.s in it, 
pertusum dolium, Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 150: 
Lucr. Phr.: todigah.inawall, parie- 
tem perfodere, Pl.: a garment full of h.s, 
vestimentum lacerum (v.RAGGED).  |f, 
The abode of mice, etc.: 1, cavum 











HOLIDAY 


Civus: 
facere, Cato, R. R. 128: cf. supr. (2). 
2. ciibile, is, n.: to dig their hs (ot 


moles), c. fodere, Virg. G. 1, 183. 3. 
fovea: Vulg. Luc. ix. 58: not class. in 
this sense, v. PITFALL. |||, A wretched 
abode: v. HOVEL. 

holiday: 1, dies festus (day of 
religious festivity): Vv. FESTIVAL. 2 
fériae, arum (strictly, like preced.; de- 
noting a succession of such days): the 
Latin h.s, f. Latinae, Liv. : Cic.: v. Dict. 
Antiq. p. §29 (for which Latinae, absol., 
is frequent, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, med.): often 
in gen. sense, legal h.s, forenses f., Cic. 
de Or. 3, 22, extr.: to keep h. for three 
days, f. triduum habere, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 
extr.; f. observare, Macr. Sat. 1, 16, 
init. ; f. agere (in looser sense, to indulge 
in jollity), Petr. 24. 3, dies fériatus: 
Plin. Ep. 10, 12 (24), 3. Phr.: to keep 
h., feriari, Macr. 5. Scip. 1, 7: but the 
use of any part of the verb except 
p. part. feriatus (—keeping h.) is rare: 
keeping h. from public toil, a negotiis 
publicis feriatus, Cic. de Or. 3, 15, fin.: 
Varr.: servants keeping h., famuli ope- 
rum (=operibus) soluti, Hor. Od. 3, 17, 
extr.: @ partial h., dies intercisus, Macr. 
Sat. 1, 16, init. N.B.—Best word for a 
school h., dies feriatus (cf. swpr.); but 
may usu. be expr. by pbr.: to-day is a 
h., hodie ferias agimus; a literarum 
studiis feriati sumus: to asl a whole h., 
rogare ut toto die ferias agere liceat. 

holily; sancté (scrupulously, consci- 
entiously) : Cic. 

holiness: sanctitas (purity, consci- 
entiousness) : Cic.: v.SANCTITY. (Vulg. 
in Hebr. xii. 10, has sauctificatio : comp. 
HOLY.) 

hollo: 1, heus: h. there some one! 
come out, h. aliquis, exite! Pl. Mere. 5, 
2, 64: Ter. 2. tho (denoting sur- 
prise): Pl.: Ter.: v. Ho! 

hollow (adj): |, Lit: 1, 
cavus: @ h. shell, ¢. concha, Virg.: h. 
trunks, c. trutici, Hor.: to be good for 
h. teeth, cavis dentium prodesse, Plin. 
30, 3, 8. 9. cavatus (that has been 
hollowed out): "neath some h. rock, sub 
rupe c., Virg. Aen. 3, 229: h. eyes, c. 
oculi, Lucr. 6, 1192: h. teeth, c. dentes, 
Col. 6, 29. 8. concavus (concave, 
hollowed inwards): h. rocks, c. saxa, 
Virg. G. 4,49: Cic. 4, exe@sus (eaten 
out, as the trunk of a tree): a cave in a 
h. tree, exesae arboris antrum, Virg. G. 

44: h. teeth, ex. dentes, Plin. 30, 3, 8: 
els. I], Of sounds, deep, low, as if 
issuing from a cavern: *(sonitus) qualis 
ex cavernis exiens; murmuri similis: 
ef. Plin. 2, 80, 82. lll. Fig.: vain, 
unreal: 1, vanus orate unsubstan- 
tial): Hor.: Sen. , tumidus (puffed 
out and making an empty show: not 
so in Cic.): a h., unsubstantial, fickle 
thing (popularity), res t., vana, ventosa, 
Sen. Bp. 84, 11. 3, fiicatus (counter- 
feit, insincere): Join: tucatus et simu- 
latus (opp. to sincerus atque verus), Cic. 
Am. 25, 95. (Fucosus = showy, and so 
more or less insincere: cf. Cic. Att. 1, 


18, I. 

setiow (subs.) : 1, civerna, ci- 
verniila: v. CAVITY. 2, civum (gen. 
term): the secret h.s of the earth, occulta 
terrae c., Plin. 2, 79, 81: the h. of a 
fluting, striae c., Vitr.: comp. HOLE (1.). 

8, liciina (a depression of surface) : 

not to have h.s or projections (of a pave- 
ment), non habere |. neque exstantes 
tumulos, Vitr. 7, 1, 4: Varr. 4. 
alveus (poet.): the h. of a decayed ilex, 
vitiosae ilicis a., Virg. G. 2, 453. Phr.: 
the h. of the hand, cava manus (opp. to 
manus plana, the flat hand). Sen. Ep. 
56, init.: Suet.; cava palma, Virg. Aen. 
8, 69: vola is the natural h. of the 
palm, Plin. 11, 45, 105. 

hollow (¥.): 1, civo, 1: the fall 
of a drop h.s the stone, stillicidi casus 
lapidem c., Lucr. 1, 314: fo h. out ships 
from trees, naves arboribus c., Livy. 21, 26. 

2. excivo, 1 (to h. out): to h. out 

a scoop, trullam ex., Cic.: Plin. 

hollowing (subs.) : excivatio: Sen. 

hollowness: chiefly fig.: up 


| 





HOME 


HOMEWARD-BOUND 





to make their h.s (of mice), c. | vanitas (emptiness, unreality): Cic. Am. 


26,99. 2, more freq. expr. by vanus, 
etc.: to learn the h. of earthly things, 
*terrestria quam sint vana experiri: v. 
EMPTY (11.). 

holly; *ilex aquifolium (Cycl.). 
Perh. agrifolia or aquifolia in Plin. 24, 
13, 72. 

holly-hock: perh. malva: 
MALLOW: althaea rosea; M. L. 

holm-oak: ilex, Icis, m. (the ever- 
green oak): Virg. (*quercus ilex, Linn.). 
Made of h., ilignus, Ter.: Virg.; ilig- 
neus, Col.: a grove of h.s, ilicétum. 
Mart. 

holocaust: *hélécaustum, Prud. ; 
*holécaustoma, itis, n.: Tert. (Victima 
quae tota igni crematur.) 

holy; sanctus (in class. Lat., conse- 
crated, pure; and of moral character, 
irreproachable, conscientious: 4y. V.): 
the Holy Spirit, 8. Spiritus, V ulg. ( pass.) : 
Kecles. Ser.: be ye h., for Iam h., 5. 
erilis, quoniam ego s. sum, Vulg. 1 Pet 
i. 16: v. SACRED. JI. water, perh. aqua 
lustralis, Ov. Pont. 3, 2, 73. 

holy-day ; festus dies: v. HOLIDAY. 

homage: _ As feudal term : 
Phr.: to do h. (to a feudal superior), 
fidelitatem jurare, Lib. Feud. 2, 5: the 
formula of h., forma fidelitatis, ib. 2, 6; 
juramentum fidelitatis, ib. 2,7. Some- 
times the late Lat. homagium may be 
indispensable to precision of expression. 

Il: In gen. sense, respect. reverence : 

observantia, véreécundia: v. RESPECT. 

homager: Vv. VASSAL. 

home (subs.): 1, doémicilium 
(usual abode): to have one’s h. (place of 
residence) in Italy, d. in Italia habere, 
Cic. Arch. 4,7: Pl. Fig.: to go to the 
skies, as to one’s h,. in coélum quasi in 
d. suum pervenire, Cic. Tusc. 1, (1, 24. 
Join: sedes ac domicilium [collocare]}, 
Cic! Vert. 125.2, 3;,0- 9, démus, is 
or i (the latter only as locative), f: 
esp. in the forms, domi, at home; do- 
mum, to one’s h.; domo, from h., (after 
a verb of motion): in other uses= house, 
esp. a city house (v. HOUSE): (i), ath, 
domi: at h. and in the field, belli domi- 
que, Sall. Jug. 41; cf. Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85, 
vel belli vel domi; belli domique, Liv. 
g, 243 militiae et domi, Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 
49: the possess. prons. meae, tuae, suae, 
may be added either for emphasis or 
distinction: ef. Cic. Fam. 13, 69, apud 
eum fui, tanquam domi meae, / was as 
much “at home” as tf I had been at 
home: Ter.: (ii). homewards, to one’s 
home, d6mum; of a number, usu. domos 
(meam, tuam, suam, etc., may be added, 
as above): escorted h. at evening, 
domum reductus ad vesperum, Cic. Am. 
3, 12: that they should return to their 
several h.s, d. suam quemque reverti, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: ef. suas quisque 
abirent domos, Liv. 2, 7, init.: (iii). 
from h., denoting motion: those who 
would not leave their h.s, qui domo exire 
nolebant, Cic. Fl. 6, fin. 
domo = at home: Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 
iit.) 8, tectum (any shelter, under 
a roof): V. HABITATION. lar, 
laris, m. (meton.: strictly, the house- 
hold god): sometimes with familiaris : 
that we should nowhere have a h., nobis 
1. familiarem nusquam esse, Sall. Cat. 
20: to leave one’s h., |. familiarem suum 
relinquere, Cic. Verr. 3, 11, 27: esp. poet., 
to be driven from h., lare pelli, Ov. F. 
6, 362: Mart. (Lar conveys with it 
more of the domestic sense: cf. Liv. 26, 
25, med., urbe, tecto, mensa, lare, re- 
cipere: where lare denotes the most 
intimate degree of association.) 5. 
focus (meton.): v. HEARTH. Phr.: at 
h. (“within,” i.e. in the house), intus: 
is your brother at h. ? estne frater intus ? 
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 30 (Cic. Sen. 4, 12, has 
intus domique, where intus refers to 
privacy, domi to home occupation) : 
away from h., peregre, foris, foras (the 
last after a verb of motion: V. ABROAD): 
to be “not at h.” to any one, alicui occupa- 
tum (lit. engged) esse, Cic. Sen. 10, 32: 
he is making himself at h. there in her 
house, intimum ibi se apud illam facit, 


v. 


(Occasionally | 





Pl. Mil. 2, 1, 30: that stays much at h 
(in-doovs), umbratilis, umbraticus (v 
IN-DOOR): quite at h. in any subject, iv 
aliqua re multum fet saepe} versatus 
Cic. Quint. 1, 3: to be quite at h. in 
ancient history, *totam antiquitatem 
penitus cognitam perspectamque habere. 

home (a@4).) : 1, démesticus (ap- 
pertaining to house or family): v. Do- 
MESTIC. 2. umbratilis, e: v. preced. 
art. ad fin. Cic. joins domestica disci- 
plina vitaque umbratilis (the latter term 
implying a reproach), Tusc. 2, 11, 27: 
Col. 3. umbraticus (like preced.) 
Quint.: Gell.; v. IN-pook. For phr. a 
home thrust, v. foll. art. 

home (adv.): |, Lit.: homewards, 
to home: ddmum, ddmos (of more than 
one): V. HOME, subs. (2). i. Fig.: in 
certain phr.: (i). to drive h. (a weapon), 
strike h.: Adigo, €gi, actum, 3 (foll. by 
such an ace. as ferrum, telum): Liv. 27, 
49, mmit.: Just. 1, 9, eztv. Phr.: fo 
strike h, (deal a home thrust), vitalia 
ferire (deal a mortal wound), Quint. 5, 
12,22; gravem plagam facere (to inflict 
a@ severe uound), Cic. Or. 68, 228 (two 
latter phr. used fig.). (ii). to come h. to 
any one; to affect deeply: Vhr.: that 
remarl: came h. to him with great force, 
quod verbum in pectus ei alte descendit, 
cf. Sall. Jug. 11, fin.: not to come h. to 
the heart so powerfully, segnius irritare 
animos, Hor. A. P. 180: to come h. to the 
heart, cor tangere, animos commovere 
(v. HEART, I1L.). (N.B.—Pertinere, in- 
teresse, cadere, convenire, denote only 
that something is applicable, not that 
it actually comes h. to the person whom 
it concerns.) 

home-bred: 1, dOmesticus (he- 
longing to house or home): Cic.: Col.: 
Vv. DOMEsTIC. Freq. in fig. sense, h. 
crime, a. scelus, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, ad init. 

2. vernaciilus (produced at home, 

mot imported): v. NATIVE. Join: 
fcrimen| domesticum ac vernaculum, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 61, 141. 3, intestinus 
(tig., of that which originates at home) : 
Vv. INTERNAL. 4, génuinus (native: 
somewhat rare): h. virtues, g. [domes- 
ticaeque] virtutes (opp. to artes trans- 
marinae, importatae), Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 
extr. 

homeless: sine tecto, tecto carens 
Vv. HOUSE, HOME.” See also EXILED. 

homeliness: perb. rusticitas (plain 
country ways): Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 4: cf. 
Plin. alt. 35, 4,9, M. Agrippa vir rustr- 
citatt propior quam deliciis: Ov. Or 
expr. by adj.: V. HOMELY. 

homely: 1. rusticus (plain, as in 
the country): h. truth, r. veritas, Mart. 
10, 72, 10: a@ h. rude expression, r. Vox 
et agrestis, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 42. Some- 
what h., subrusticus, Cic. 2. agrestis 
(stronger than rusticus, and implying 
something of boorishness): ¥. supr. (1). 
Somewhat so, subagrestis, Cic. 3 
plebéius (suitable to the common people) : 
h. language, p. sermo, Cic. Fam. 9, 20 
(= quotidiana verba). 4, crassus 
(coarse) : h. attire, c. vestis, cf. Hor. S. 
1,3,15. Fig.: h. mother-wit, c. Minerva, 
Hor: 252251 3° 5, vulgaris, e (v. 
common): h. fare, cibus v., Suet. Aug. 
76; vulgaria, Hor. S. 2, 2, 38 (cilbus 
tenuis is light, scant fare). 6, ridis, 
inconditus, etc.; Vv. UNPOLISHED. Phr.: 
in a h. manner, rustice, Cic.: Hor. ; 
subrustice, Gell. 

home-made: dimesticus, vernact- 
lus: V. HOME-BRED. 

homeric: Héméricus: Cie. 

home-spun: domesticus, domi fac- 
tus: Vv. HOME-MADE. For fig. sense, v. 
HOMELY (4). 

home-sick: *quem tecti larisque 
sui desiderium tenet: cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 
11, mirum me desiderium tenet urbis. 

home-sickness: “tecti s. laris sni 
desiderium: Vv. LONGING. 

homestead: sédes, ddmicilium: v. 
ABODE, HOME. 

homeward: dimum, dimum ver- 
sus: v. HOME (L., ii.) ; TOWARDS. : 

homeward-bound: qui (quae) in 
patriam recit, cursum suum dirigit, 

317 


HOMICIDAL 





HONOUR 


HOODED 





homicidal: cruentus, sanguindlen- 
tus: Vv. BLOOD-STAINED. 
homicide: |. The slayer: homi- 
cida; Cic.: Vv. MURDERER. I]. The 
deed: 1, hdmicidium: h. is atoned 
for by a certain number of cattle, \uitur 
h. certo armenterum numero, ‘Tac. G. 
21: Petr.: v. MurpER. (N.B.— Homi- 
cidium had not the legal sense of the 
Eng., as distinguished from murder.) 
. caedes (hominis): Cic. Mil. 5, 
1T3. Phr.: to bring in a verdict of 
justifiable h., *hominem recte ac jure 
caesum decernere, cf. Cic. Mil. 3, 8. 
homiletic; *hdmiléticus: as theol. 
t,t. As subs. homiletics, *(ars) homiletica. 
homily: sermo, tractatus: v. SER 
mon. (As theol. ¢. ¢., *homilia, Fabric. 
Bibl. Gr.) 
homoeopathic: *homoeopathicus. 
homoeopathy ; *medicina homoeo- 
pathica (quae dicitur). 
homogeneity: ‘similis natura. 
hr.: there must be h. of parts, *partes 
necesse est im eodem genere reperiantur. 
homogeneous: *pari natura prae- 
ditus. H. elements, *quae in eodem 
genere sunt. 
homologous: the h. sides, *ea latera 
quae consimilem rationem inter se ha- 
bent. 
hone: cos, cotis, f.: Cic.: v WHET- 
STONE. 
honest: 1, prdbus: v. Goon, uP- 
RIGHT. 2. sincérus (genuine, free 
Srom deception of uny kind): v. stn- 
CERE. 3. simplex, icis (straightfor- 
ward, frank): Vv. SIMPLE. 4, anti- 
quus (strictly, old-fashioned: hence 
honest and naive, simple and unsus- 
pecting): good, h. souls, judging others 
From their own nature, homines a., qui 
ceteros ex sua natura fingerent, Cic. 
R. Am. 9, 26: cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 88, 
homo antiqua virtute ac fide, “an h. 
man of the old genuine sort.” 5, 
frigi, strictly dat. of frux, but used 
as adject.: comp. frugalior, -issimus 
(strictly, tending to profit: hence, use- 
ful, worthy, honest): h., sober men, 
homines frugi ac sobrii, Cic. Verr. 3, 27, 
67: soh. and so chaste (Penelope), tam 
f. tamque pudica, Hor. S. 2, 5, 77° ef. 
Cic. Font. 13, 29, tanta virtute atque 
integritate ut .... solus frugi (opp. to 
nequam) nominaretur: often used as an 
epithet of @ good, h. slave, servus f. 
atque integer, Cic. Clu. 16, 47: Hor. 
Join: (homo) frugilissimus, sanctissi- 
mus, Cic. Fl. 29, 71. See also INCOR- 
RUPTIBLE. (N.B.— Not honestus, which 
is HONOURABLE.) 
honestly : 1. 
CERELY. (Probe =rightly, well.) 24. 
ex bdna fide (in perfect good faith: 
freq. in legal phrase): Cic. de Off. 3, 16. 
66 3. recté (by right means): male 
money ; h. if you can, rem facias; recte 
si possis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1,65: v. RIGHTLY. 
4, sine fuco et fallaciis (in down- 
right, h. terms}: Cic. Att. 1, 1, init. 
5. ex animi mei (tui, sui) senten- 
tia (in accordance with one’s veal senti- 
ments: al gal phrase used in appealing 
to a person in court for the truth): cf. 
Cic. de Or. 2. 64, fin.: Pl.: Liv. Phr.: 
amongst the honest one should act h., 
inter bono, bene agier (— agi) oportet, 
Cic. Off. 3. 17, 70. 
honest”: 1, prébitas: Cic.. v. 
UPRIGHTNESS. 2. sincéritas (free- 
dom from guile and insincerity) : 
Phaedr. 4, 13 3. Join: probitas sin- 
ceritasque, Gell. 14, 2, ad init. 3) 
fides, éi, /. (youd faith): a man of well- 
known und tied h., vir notaeque et ex- 
pertae ft, Gell. Lc.: justice in matters 
of trust is called h., justitia creditis in 
rebus f. nominatur, Cic. Part. 22, extr. 
honey (ss.): mel, mellis, ».: to 
make h. (either as bees; or to prepare 
it from the comb), mel or mella con- 
ficere, Col.9, 11 and 15: to take h.(from 
the hives), mel capere, Plin. 11, 15, 15: 
clear h that ha: floved from the comb, 
m. liquatum, Col. lL. c.: h. of the finest 
quality, of second quality, mel optimi 
saporis, secundae notae, Col. l.c.: the h. 
378 


sinceéré : v. SIN- 





flavour, m. sapor, Plin. 15, 14, 15. 








harvest, mellis vindemia, Col. 1. c. init. : 
Plin. 11, 14, 14: to gather h. (as bees), 
mella contrahere, Plin. 11, 5,4. Fig.: 
poetic h., poetica mella, Hor.: speech 
sweeter than h., melle dulcior oratio, Cic. 
Sen. 10, 31. Also as term of endear- 
ment, cf. Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 8, tnit., 
Sempronium mel ac delicias tuas: in 
which sense occur also mellitus (honey- 
sweet), cf. Cic. Att. 1, 18, init., cum mel- 
lito Cicerone; and melilla (dimin.), Pl. 
Phr.: to make h. (as bees), mellificare, 
Virg. in Donat.: Plin.: the making of 
h., mellificium, Varr.: Col.: the tuking 
of h. (lit. combs), exemptio favorum, 
Col. 9,14: Varr. 

honey (adj.): melléus: h. colour, m. 
color, Plin. 

honey-bee: apis mellifera (poet.) : 
Ov. 


honey-comb: favus: Cic.: Virg.: 
more fully mellitus f., Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 
med,: to remove the h., f. eximere, 
Varr. 1. c.: to construct (he h., favos 
fingere, Cic.; f. confingere, construere, 





Plin. (N.B.—Not used fig.: for which 
sense Vv. HONEY.) 
honeyed: 1, mellitus (flavoured 


with honey): h. cakes, m. placentae, 
Hor.: Varr. Fig.: h. mouthfuls of 
words, m. verborum globuli, Petr. 1, 
fin. 2, mulsus: h. milk, m. lac, 
Plin. 10, 22, 27: Cato. Fig.: h. words, 
m. dicta, Pl. 

honey-harvest; mellis vindémia 
(¥. HONEY); mellatio, Col.: Plin. 

honevsuckle: perh. clyménus: Plin. 
(*Lonicera, Linn.). 

honey-sweet : 1, melleus: D 
mellitus : v. HONEYED. 

honorary; bonorarius: anh. guar- 
dian, tutor h. (~honoris causa datus), 
Paul. Dig. 23, 2, 60 § 2. 

honour (subs.): |. Distinction 
shoun : 1 honos, doris: h. the reward 
of worth, h. praemium virtutis, Cic. Br. 
81, 281: to show h. to any one, h. alicui 
habere, Cic. pass.; tribuere (implying 
that it zs due), Cic. Fin. 3, 22, init.; h. 
praestare, Ov. : also, honore aliquem afti- 
cere, Cic. Deiot. 5, 14: to hold any one 
in h., habere aliquem in h., Cic. Fam. 
4,2, fin.: in high h., praecipno h, ali- 
quem habere, Caes. B. G. 5, 54: it is 
looked upon as an h., quod honori duci- 
tur, Sall. Jug. 11. Esp. used of offices 
of distinction: to arrive at the highest 
h.s, ad summos h. pervenire, Petr. 116; 
ascendere ad honores, Cic. Br. 68, extr. 

2. décus (an ornament, a mark of 
distinction): Vv. GLORY. 8. dignitas 
(status of honour): to vender to every 
one the h. that is due, suam cuique tri- 
buere d., Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 160: v. DIG- 
NITY. I]. Observance of a ceremo- 
nial kind; esp. in phr., funeral hs: 
1, justa, orum (the proper formali- 

ties): to pay the last h.s to his father, 
omnia paterno funeri j. solvere, Cic. 
R. Am. 8, fin.: justa facere, Sall.; j. con- 
ficere, Caes.: v. FUNERAL. 2. su- 
prema, orum: to pay the last hs to 
soldiers and general, s. solvere militibus 
ducique, Tac. A. 1, 61 (freq. in Tac.): 
Quint. See also COMPLIMENT. Hl. 
Reputation: fama, existimatio: v. RE- 
PUTATION. IV Of a woman, maid- 
enly purity : pudicitia, ptidor: v. CHAS- 
TIty. Phr.: to rob a woman of her h., 
decus muliebre expugnare, Liv. 1, 58: 
but the expr. is highly rhetor.: usu. 
better, pudicitiam alicui eripere, Cic. Mil. 
4, ‘nit.: also, p. expugnare, id. Coel. 20, 
49; spoliare, ib. 18, 42: pudorem ra- 
pere, Ov. . True honourableness, 
nobility, virtue : 1, h6nestas: cf. 
Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4, in officio colendo sita 
vitae est h. omnis (all true h.), et in 
negligendo turpitudo: to lose all h., om- 
nem h. amittere, Cic. R. Am. 39. 114: 
lost to all pretence of h., ab omm [non 
modo h., sed etiam) simulatione hones- 
tatis relictus, Cic. Rab. perd. 8, 23. 
Join: virtus et honestas et pudor, Cic. 
Rab. perd. 8, 24. 2. honestum (newt. 
adj. in purely abstract sense: only in 
phil. Jang.): A. ts either virtue itself, 











or what is done with virtue, honestum 
aut ipsa virtus est aut res gesta cum 
virtute, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66: Sen.: v. 
VIRTUE. 

honour (v.): 1, colo, ui, cultum, 
3 (to treat respectfully): to esteem and 
h. one’s friends, amicos diligere et c., 
Cic.: v. TO WORSHIP, RESPECT. ; 
honesto, 1 (to bestow honour upon): no 
one has ever obtained such praise as you 
by your decrees h. me vith, tantam lau- 
dem quanta vos me vestris decretis h, 
nemo est assecutus, Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 20: 
Sall. Join: [hominem] augere atque 
honestare, Cic. Off. 2, 6,21. Strength- 
ened, céhonesto, 1: Cic.: Liv. - 
expr. by honos and a verb (only with 
ref. to persons): as, honore aliquem af- 
ficere, etc.: v. HONOUR (l.). 4, ho- 
noro, 1 (=honore afficio: but with ref. 
to persons or things: somewhat rare) : 
every one then hd worth, nemo tum 
virtutem non honorabat, Cic. Ph. 2, 2, 4: 
toh. any one’s death by general mourn- 
ing, alicujus mortem publico luctu h., 
ib. 2, 3, init. §, décdro, 1 (to adorn): 
usu. with some such abl. as laude, fama: 
Cic.: V. TOADORN,GRACE. 6, célébro, 
I: Vv. TO CELEBRATE. 

honourable: |. Enjoying honour: 

1, honestus: distinguished and h 
plebeian families, amplue et h. familiae 
plebeiae, Cic. Mur. 7, 15: Liv. 2. 
honoratus (that is in the enjoyment of 
honour, whether deserving it or not ; 
whereas honestus implies desert) : illus- 
trious and h. men, clari et h. viri, Cie. 
Sen. 7, 22. Sometimes the antithesis 
between honestus and honoratus is in- 
sisted on, ef. Cic. Br. 81, 281: Liv. 3, 
amplus (stronger than preced. = distin- 
guished): Cic. |]. Doing or confer- 
ring honour: 1, honorificus: comp. 
-centior, -centissimus: h. mention, h. 
mentio, Cic.: very h. terms, honorificen- 
tissima verba, Cic. Very h., perhonori- 
ficus, Cic. 2. honorabilis, e (rare): 
Cic. Sen. 18, 63. 3. expr. by hénos 
(freq.): tf was very h. to my friend 
Milo, that...., honori summo nostro 
Miloni fuit, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58 (cf. L. G. 
§ 297): to be regarded as very h., summo 
in h. esse, Cic. (Vv. HONOUR): to receive an 
h. discharge (of soldiers), cum honore di- 
mitti, Tac. H. 4, 46, fin. II]. In moral 
sense, consistent with true h. or virtue: 
1, hénestus: an h. emulation, h. 

certatio, Cic. Am. 9, 32: comp. HONOUR 
W532): 2. bonus (as gen. term): to 
get money in an h. manner, pecuniam 
b modo invenire, Plin. 7, 43, 45: V 
GOOD, UPRIGHT. 3, pulcher, chra, 
chrum (like Gk. xaAos): a@ most h. ex- 
ample, pulcherrimum exemplum, Caes. 
B. G. 7, 77. Join: maximum atque 
pulcherrimum [facinus}, Sall. Cat. 20. 
See also GLORIOUS. 

honourably: |, So as to confer 
honour : honorificé, comp. -centius, -cen- 
tissime (in an honourable or compli- 
mentary manner): he could not have 
been treated more handsomely or h., 
nec liberalins nec honoriticentius se 
posse tractari, Cic. Fam. 13, 27. Il. 
With credit, so as to deserve credit: 1, 
hodnesté: to act very h., valde se h. ge- 
rere, Cic. Att. 6,1, 10 (oftener in sense 
Ill, v. infr.). 2. cum [magna, sum- 
ma] laude: a prize most h. gained, 
*praemium cum summa |. adeptum, 
Phr.: to dieh., bene mori (R. and A.); 
emori per virtutem, Sall. Cat. 20. iil. 
Uprightly, virtuously: honesté: to say 
anything rightly and h., aliquid recte 
h.que dicere, Cic. Rep. 1, 2: comp. id. 
Off. 3, 30, 109. See also HONESTLY. 

honoured: (pait adj.) : hdnoratus: 
the h. Achilles, h. Achilles, Hor.: Cic.: 
V. HONOURABLE (I. 2). 

hood: 1, cucullus ( for protection 
against rain, etc., Col. 1, 8, post init.): 
Juv.: Mart. 2, pallidlum (worn by 
delicate or effeminate persons: cf. Quint, 
IT, 3, 144, palliolum .... sola excusare 
potest valetudo) to put ona h., p. im- 
ponere capillis, Ov. A. A. 1, 734: Sen. 

hooded (part. adj.): pallidlatus 
Suet.: Mart. b 


\ 


HOOUOD-LIKE 


HORNET 


nn 


hood-like; ‘*pallioli similis, pallio- 
ium referens: v. Plin. 26, 8, 35. 

hood-wink:; perh. verba do (comicé), 
ludificor, lacto; v, TO DECEIVE. 

hoof: 1, ungiila (whether cloven 
or not): Varr. R. R. 2,5: Cic. (Unguis 
denotes the segments of a cloven h., 
Varr. l.c., nec cujus ungulae divaricent, 
et cujus ungues sint leves et pares). 

2. cornu, iis (any horny substance) : 

Cato, R. R. 72: Veg. 

hoofed (part.): 1, *ungnlas ha- 
bens: v. HOOF. 9. cornitus (?): v. 
Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v. 3. cornipes, 
pédis (poet.): Virg. Aen. 7, 779. 

hook (subs.): 1, bamus (esp. 
for catching fish): to catch fish with a 
h., pisces hamo capere, Cic.: Hor.: Ov. 
Dimin. hamulus (a small h., esp. for sur- 
gical use): Cels.: a fishing-h., h. pisca- 
Witiseve: Ot. 2, 2, 1%. 9. uncus (a 
large iron h.): beams with an vrvon h. 
fastened at the end, asseres ferreo u. 
praefixo, Liv. 30, ro, fin.: used in drag- 
ging the corpses of criminals, Juv. Io, 
66: Cic. 3, liipus (a hooked engine 
of war): Liv. 28, 3. 

hook (v.): expr. by hamus and a 
verb: to h.a very large fish, *Maximo 
pisci h. impingere: v. preced. art. 

hooked: 1, bamatus (furnished 
with hooks): h. claws, hb. ungues, Ov. M. 
12, 563: Cic. 2. uncinatus (like pre- 
ced.: v. rare): Cic. Ac. 2, 38,121, hama- 
tis uncinatisque corporibus. 3, adun- 
cus (hook-shaped): a h. beak, rostrum 
ad. [joined with hamati ungues], Ov. l.c.: 
ah. staff (the lituus), ad. baculus, Liv. 
I, 18: Cic. 4, Sbuncus (= preced. : 
poet. and rare): a h. beak, rostrum ob., 
Virg. Aen. 6, 597 Ov. 

hookedness: Aduncitas (rare): Cic. 

hook-nosed: adunco naso: v. HOOK- 
ED (3). 

hoop: 1. circiilus (any ring): to 
surround vessels (barrels) with h.s, vasa 
circulis cingere, Plin. 14,21, 27: Suet. 

2. armilla (usu. ornamental: v. 

BRACELET): Vitr. 10, 2 (6), II. 3. 
trdchus (plaything): Hor. A. P. 380: 
Ov. : Mart. 

hooped: circulis cinctus: v. HOOP. 

hooping-cough: “*tussis clamosa, 


clangosa, ferina: med. ¢ ¢. in R. 
and A. 
hoopoe: j, upiipa: Varr.: Plin. 


9. épops, dpis, m. (Gr. Ero): Ov. 

hoot (v.): =|, Lit.: ofowls: perh. 
gémo, 3: cf. Plin. 10, 12, 16, nec cantu 
aliquo vocalis [bubo] sed gemitu; or 
quéror, 3 (poet.) Virg. Aen. 4, 463: 
or (as gen. term), cano, 3: cf. Virg. G. 
I, 404, seros exercet noctua cantus. 

ll. Fig.: to cry out violently 

against : 1, vbstrépo, ui, itum, 3 
(with dat., or absol.): the decemvir is 
h.’d down, decemviro obstrepitur, Liv. 3, 
49: Sall. Cat. 31, fin.: Cic. 9. ac- 
clamo, 1 (less strong than the Eng., and 
in later writers = to applaud): cf. Cic. 
Br. 73, 256. 8, explodo, 3 (strictly, 
to clap off the stage): v. TO HISs. 

hoot, hooting (suvbs.): gémitus, can- 
tus, carmen: v. preced. art. 

hop (subs.): |. A spring: *saltus 
(altero pede factus): v. LEAP. = |, The 
plant: perh., lupus, Plin. 21,15, 50 (*hu- 
mulus lupus, Linn.). 

hop (.): |. Asa bird: s&lio, ivi, 
ii and ui, ltum, 4: Plin. 10, 38, 54 (sa- 
liunt aliae [aves], ut passeres, merulae). 
To h. about, circumsilire, Cat. 3,9. |. 
Upon one leg: *uno (altero) pede salio : 
v. TO LEAP. Phr.: (people) who run 
h.ing on one leg, singulis cruribus sal- 
tuatim currentes, Gell. 9, 4, med. (but 
singulis pedibus cannot be used of one 

son). 

hope (subs.): |. In gen. sense: 
spes, Gi, f. (also used in sense of expec- 
tation): great or lively h., magna, bona 
8., Cic.: to entertain h., s. habere, Cic. 
pass.: to be led to entertain h., in spem 
(alicujus rei) venire, Cic. Fam. 9, 1; in- 
gredi, ib. 12, 25; adduci, id. Mil. 28, 78: 
I am in great h.s, magna spe sumus, 
Cic. Att. 6,1, 20; magna me s. tenet, id. 
Tusc, 41, init.: perished ts all our h., 





occidit s. omnis, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 71: V- | 


EXPECTATION. Dimin. spécula, a gleam 


of he: yet I used to cheer myself with | 


this faint h., hac tamen oblectabur s., 
Cic. Fam. 2,16, ad jin. To be without 
h.. desperare: V. TO DESPAIK. Il. The 
Forloin h.: perb. *perdita, sacra, devota 
manus. 

hove (v.): spéro, 1 (foll. by acc. and 
inf., or direct acc ; also absol.): Cic.: 
Caes. (pass.) Phr.: to lead any one to 
h., spem alicui afferre alicujus rei, Cic. 
Att. 3, 223 spem facere, ib, 3, 16: cf. 
preced, art, 

ho -eful: |}, Entertaining hove: 
expr. by spes: Iam h, though not san- 
guine, *spe nonnulla nec tamen magna 
sum: cf. HOPE. ||. Giving promise 
of goud: bonae spei: cf. Tac. Agr. 9, 
extr, Phr.: such a h, son, (filius) tali 
ingenio praeditus, ler. 

hopefully: non sine spe (aliqua), 
cum magna (bona) spe: v. HOPE. 

hopeless: |. Enterlaining no 
hope: *exspes (poet. and late): Hor. 
A. P. 20: h. of life, ex. vitae, Tac. A. 
6,24. Phr.: to be quite h. about any- 
thing, nulla [de aliqua re] spe esse, Cic. 
Att. 6, I, 20; desperare de aliqua re, 
Cic.: Caes. (Vv. TO DESPAIR). I. Af- 
fording no hope: 1, desperatus: v. 
DESPERATE. Q, déploratus (given over 
by a physician: late): in full, d. a me- 
dicis, Plin. 7, 50, 51. 

hopelessly; despéranter (v. rare): 
Cic. Att. 14, 18: or expr. by circumL., 
sine ulla spe, ne minima quadam spe: 
vy. Hope. Phr.: to be h. ill, sine spe 
salutis aegrotare, cf. Nep. Att. 21, fin.; 
insanabili morbo laborare, cf. Plin. Ep. 
3, 7, unit. 

hopelessness :_ 
of mind: despératio: v. DESPAIR. — |], 
Desperate condition: expr. by despera- 
tus: V. DESPERATE. 

hopper: of a2 mill, infundibulum: 
Vitr. 10, § (10). 

horde: expr. by vagus: cf. Sall. Jug. 
18, (Gaetuli) vagi, palantes, qua nox 
coegerat sedes habebant: ib. 19, Gae- 
tulos vagos agitare: Quint. 

horehound: marriibium: Plin. 

horizon: 1, orbis finiens (defined 
as, qui aspectum nostrum definit), Cic. 
Div. 2, 44, 92; circulus finiens, Sen. 


N. Q. 5, 17, 2: or simply, finiens, finitor, | 


Sen. 1. c. 9. horizon, ontis, m., acc. 
-onta (Gr. opigwv): Sen. 1. c. (used by 
him as a foreign word): Macr.: Hyg. 
(N.B.—The above terms should be used 
only in scientific sense ; the looser means 
ing may be expr. by prospectus, con- 
spectus: he examines the whole h., om- 
nem prospectum late petit, Virg. Aen. 
1, 181: cf. ib. 184, navem in conspectu 
nullam.... prospicit: Vv. SIGHT.) 

horizontal; libratus: Vitr.: v. 
LEVtL. A h. plane, libramentum (?), 
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116. 

horizontally: perh. ad libram (on 
a level): Caes. B.C. 3, 40. 

horn: |. Natural: cornu, ts ou, 
m.: Cic.: Plin. Made of h., corneus: @ 
lantern of h., laterna c., Mart. 14, 62, 
lem. : having h.s, corniger, cornutus 
(v. HORNED). J, Artificial, something 
made of h.: 1, cornu: arms, h.s, 
trumpets, arma, cornua, tubae, Cic. Sull. 
5,17: to pour in through ah. (funnel), 
per c. infundere, Col. 6,2. 2, buccina 
(a wind instrument): the hoarse h., 
rauca b., Virg.: Ov. 

hornbeam: carpinus, i, f.: Col.: 
Plin. Made of h., carpineus, Col.: Plin. 

hornblower: cornicen, inis, m.: 
Cic.: Liv. 

horn-book: perh. libellus elemen- 
torum (R, and A.). 

horned: 1, corniitus: h. beasts, 
cornuta (sc. animalia), al. cornutae (sc. 
bestiae), Varr. 2, 7° Col. 2. corni- 
ger, éra, érum (chiefly port.) : h. stags, 
ce. cervi, Lucr.: Ov.: Virg. Neut. pl. 
cornigera (sc. animalia), h. cattle, Plin. 
Il, 37, 85. 

hornet: crabro, Gnis, m.: Virg.: 
Plin. Prov., to stir up a h.’s nest, irri 
tare crabrones, Pl. Am. 2, 2. 84. 


|. Hopeless state | 





HORSE 
horn-lantern : !aterna cornea, Mart, 
14, 62, lem. 
horny: j1, corneus: h. beak, « 


rostrum, Cic. N. D. 1, 36,101: Plin. Q, 
cornedlus (rare and of small objects): 
Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144. Yo grow hi., cor- 
neseere, Plin. 11, 49, 10g. 
| horologe: bhordlégium: Cic.: Plin. 
| horological: bordlogicus: Capel. 
| horoscove: 1, bdroscépus (vv. 
rare): Pers. 6,18: Aug. 9, génésis, 
is, f. (table of nutivities): the h. of Ue 
emperor, g. imperatoria, Suet. Vesp. 14: 
| Juv. 6, 579. Usu. better expr. by as- 
trum, coelum, etc.: to have the same h., 
uno astro esse, Cic. Div. 2, 47, init.: if 
there were anything in hs, si ad rem 
pertiueret quo modo covlo affecto com- 
positisque sideribus unusquisque oria- 
tur, Cic. lc. cf. temperatio lunae coe- 
lique moderatio, Cic. ib. 2, 45, 94: both 
our hs agree, ulrumque nostrum con- 
sentit astrum, Hor. Od. 2, 197,22. Phr. 
to maintain the reliability of Jus, nata- 
licia praedicta defendere, Cic. Div. 2, 
42, 89. An instrument for casting h.s, 
horoscopium, Sid. 

horoscopy : génethliildgia, Vitr. ; 
genethliace, és, Capell.: v. ASTROLOGY. 

horrible: 1, horribilis, e (fit to 
excite a shudder or alarm): ah. spec- 
tacle, spectaculum h., Sall. Jug. ror, 
fin.: Caes. Join: tetra horribilisque 
[pestis], Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11. 2. hor- 
rendus (like preced. but chir fly poet.) : 
h. to tell, horrendum dictu! Virg : Hor.: 
Liv. (Horrifer, horrificus, rare and only 
| poet.) 3. foedus (revolting, shock- 


Cic. Att. 7, 26, extr.: v. FRIGHTFUL 
4, néfarius, néfandus (in moral 
sense): V. ABOMINABLE. See also 
HORRID. 
horribleness : foeditas, e. g., suppli- 
cii, spectaculi, Liv. 1, 26, 23. 


horribly: 1, horrendum (poet.): 
Virg. Aen. 6, 288. 2, horribili 
modo: v. HORRIBLE. Not horridé, 


which is roughly, severely. 8. foedé : 
Vv. FRIGHTFULLY. (*) 

horrid: |, Rough, rugged : horridus, 
horrens: Virg. Il. Exetting horror: 

1. horridus (more freq. in sense 1) 
to present a more h. appearance, hor- 
ridiore aspectu esse, Caes. B. G. 5, 14: 
Hor. Q. horribilis, e: Vv. HORRIBLE. 
3, atrox, dcis (sawige, unrelenting): 

such a h. tempest, adeo a. tempestas, 
Liv. 21, 58. 4, dirus: v. DREADFUL. 

horridly ; v. HORRIBLY. 

horridness: V- HORRIBLENESS. 

horrify : 1, perh. percello, ciili, 
culsum, 3 (to daunt, dismay): Cic. Vert. 
3, 57, jin. Q. exanimo, 1 (/o render 
breathless or dishearten with fear): these 
words h. me, oratio haec me eX. metu, 
‘Yer. And. 1, 5, 10: Cic. (but the expr. 
is less strong than the kng.). 8. hor- 
rifico, 1 (rare and poet.): Virg. Aen. 4, 
465. Phr.: Tamh.d lo vecal it, hor- 
resco referens, Virg. Aen. 2, 204: we 
flee h.'d at the sight, diffugimus visu ex- 
sangues, ib. 212: J am h.d lo see, me 
[luridus] occupat horror spectantem..., 
Ov. M. 14, 198. See also HORROR; TO 
TERRIFY. 

horror: |. A shivering: horror: 
Cels. |], Excessive fear: — 1, horror: 
immortal gods, uhat h. seized me, di 
immortales, qui me bh. pertudit! Cic. 
Att. 8, 6: v. TO HORRIFY (eztr.). 2 





pivor: V. FEAR, PANIC. Ill. Strong 
aversion: Oddium: V. HATRED. 
horse: |. fheanimal: 1, équus, 


Ff. qua: hs suitable for military pur- 
poses, for draught, for covering, e. ad 
rem militarem idonei, ad vecruram, ad 
admissuram, Varr. R. R. 2, 7: breed of 
hs, (equorum) stirps. Warr. l. c. ; Cues. : 
Cic.: Virg. 2, caballus (a castrated 
h.; equus being usu. an entire h.): @ 
market-gard-ner 's h., olitoris c., Hor. Ep. 
1, 18, 36: Lucil. 8, cantérius (= ca- 
ballus): (viding) on white h.s, albis c., 
Cic. N. D. 3, 5,11: V.GELpING. (N.B.— 
he terms caballus, canterius, are not 
| used in elevated prose nor in verse.) 
379 


HORSEBACK 


HOST 


HOSTLER 








4, véredus (a light posting-h.): 
Cod. Just. 12, 51, 4: also used for hunt- 
ing, Mart, 12, 14, I. 5, mannus (@ 
small kind of Gallich.; used for draught 
by the wealthy): he sweeps the Appian 
road with his h.s, Appiam mannis terit, 
Hor. Epod. 4, 14: Lucr.: Prop. Phr.: 
belonging to h.s, equinus ; h. cattle (horses, 
collect.), equinum pecus, Varr. K. R. 2, 
7: ah.’s tail, equina cauda, Hor. : also, 
caballinus (less freq.): h.-/lesh, caro 
caballina, Plin. 28, 20, 81: Pers.: a stud 
of h.s, equaria, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. 
jin. Prov.: one must not look a gift 
h. in the mouth, equi donati dentes 
non inspiciuntur, Hier. (in Forcell.): to 
spur the willing h., addere calcaria cur- 
renti, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 1. |]. Cavalry : 
éques, itis; Equitatus, ts; equestres 
cOpiae: v. CAVALRY. I. 4” instru- 
ment supported on legs: perh. asellus : 
ef. Pall. 1,18. (Kquuleus denotes a h.- 
shaped instrument of torture: Vv. RACK.) 

horseback: Phr.: to ride on h., in 
equo vehi, Cic. Div. 2, 68, init.; also 
without prep., equo vehi, or of habitu- 
ally doing so, equo vectari, Just. 41, 35 
caballo vectari, Hor. S. 1, 6, 593; also 
equo gestari, if for exercise, Mart. 1, 12: 
to fight on h., ex equo pugnare, Cic. N. D. 
2, 2, 6: to be able to ride well on h., 
equo bene uti, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28. (N.B. 
—In the above phr., the p/. of equus 
must of course be used where more than 
one are spoken of.) 

horse-boy : 4gaso, Onis: v. GROOM. 

horse-breaker : domitor (equorum): 
Col. 6, 2, ad init. 

horse-breaking: domitira (equo- 
rum): Col. 6, 2, iit. 

horse-chesnut;: *aesciilus hippécas- 
tanus (Linn.). 

horse-cloth: (equi) stragiilum, stra- 
giila vestis: cf. Dig. 50, 16, 45. (Ephip- 
pium, Varr. R. R. 2, 7,etc.; and stratum, 
Liv. 7, 14, denoted the saddle and 
harness.) 

horse-dealer : (*negotiator) equa- 
rius, jumentarius; v. foll. art. 

horse-dealing : negotiatio équaria: 
Ulp. (in Kr.) : negotium equarium, Aur. 
Vict. 


horse-doctor: vétérinarius, medi- | 


cus équarius: Val. Max.: v. FARRIER. 

horse-dung: stercus (fimum) équi- 
num, edballinum: Script. R. R. 

horse-flesh ; caro équina, ciballina : 
Vv. HORSE. , 

horse-fly ; tabanus: v. GAD-FLY. 

horse-guard: perh. stipator éques- 
tris. 

horse-hair: pilus équinus: v. Harr. 
Ah. cushion, *pulvinus pilo equino 
fartus: cf. L. G. § 590. 

horse-laugh: cachinnus (any loud 
laugh): Vv. LAUGH. 

horse-leech: Vv. HORSF-DOCTOR. 

horseman: éques, itis, c.: Cic.: 
Liv. Phr.: to be a very good h., equo 
optime uti, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28; equo ha- 
bilem esse, Liv. 24, 48, med.: he is no h., 
in equo haerere non potest, cf. Cic. 1. ¢. ; 
nescit equo haerere, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 55. 

horsemanshiv: expr. by équito, 1: 
they teach them h. and archery, eq. et 
sagittare docent, Just. 41, 2: pride in 
h., equitandi laus, Cic. Tusc, 2, 26, 62. 
Phr.: to be remarkable for good h., 
habilem equo esse (v. preced. art.): 
feats of h., *\udicrum equestre: to give 
an exhibition of h., *desultorum spec- 
taculum edere (v. TO EXHIBIT: desul- 
tores were persons practised in leaping 
from one horse to another, etc.). 

horse-pond: *stagnum equis ad 
aquandum idoneum. 

horse-race; curriculum equorum 
(which includes chariot-races) : Cic. Leg. 
2, 15, 38: more precisely, certatio eques- 
tris (certamen eq.), cf. Cic. l. c. 

horse-radish: arméracia (-um): 
Col.: Plin. 


horse-shoe: sdlea: to put golden 

hs on one’s cattle, soleas jumentis suis 

ex auro induere, Plin. 33, 11, 49: V. 

Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v. (where it is shown 

that the hovse-shoe of the ancients, usu- 

ally made of broom or heath [solea 
380 








tended only for occasional use, and was 
not permanently fastened on with nails): 
or calceus (equi): ef. Plin. 11, 45, 105. 
(N.B.—Not vestigium: which in Plin. 
28, 20, 81, vestigium equi excussum un- 
gula, is apparently the cake of earth 


Sorming in the hoof, and expressing its 


shape.) ; 

horse-soldier; ques, itis: Caes. : 
Liv. 

horse-stealer: abigeus: Ulp. Dig. 
47, 14, 13 Abigeator, Paul. in Forcell. 
(the abigeus decoyed horses or other 
animals from the place where they fed 
in herds: the stealer of a horse from a 
place of security was a fur: Ulp. 1. c.). 

horse-tail; plant, équisétum: Plin. 

horse-trappings: phalérae, arum: 
Liv.: Virg. 

horse-whip (swbs.) : flagellum, scii- 
tica: v. WHIP. (Virga ad regendum 
equum is a riding-whip.) 

horse-whip (v.): verbéro, 13 as 
pass. vapulo, I: v. TO BEAT. 

hortative, hortatory; hortativus 
(rare, and only as rhet. ¢. ¢.): Quint.: 
otherwise expr. by hortor, cohortor: v. 
TO EXHORT. 

horticulture: hortorum cultus (cul- 
tura): Col. ro, pref.: the science (or 
practice) of h., bortorum disciplina, 
Gesn. in Lex. Rust. 

horticultural ; ad hortos, ad horto- 
rum cultum pertinens: v. GARDEN. 

hosanna;: hosanna: Vulg. Matt. 
xxi. 9. 

hose: |. As article of clothing: 
Vv. BREECHES, STOCKINGS. |, A leather 
pipe for carrying water: tubulus crasso 
corio, Vitr. 8, 6 (7), 8. 

hosier; *feminalium ac tibialium 
venditor (7). 

hosiery; *feminalia, tibialia cetera- 
que ejusdem generis. 

hospitable: hospitalis, e (strictly 
implying that the persons entertained 
are foreigners or strangers): a most h. 
and friendly man, homo hospitalissimus 


amicissimnsque, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, 65 ;| 
cf. id. Off. 2, 18, extr.: a h. shade, h. | 


umbra, Hor. 2, 3, 10: h. board, mensa 
h., Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48 (but the phr. 
denotes simply, the board to which a 
stranger or guest has been invited). 
Phr.: to be h. to everybody, *omnibus 
libenter hospitium praebere, libenter 
omnes hospitio excipere (Vv. TO ENTER- 
TAIN); multorum hospitum (or conviva- 
rum, if the reference is to table-quests) 
esse (cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 44): @ h. dining- 
room (which will hold many guests), 
triclinium populare, Plin. Ep. 1, 3, iit. 

hospitably: hospitaliter: Liv. : 
Just.: comp. preced. art. Oft. libera- 
liter, comiter, benigne, will serve: v. 
LIBERALL\, HANDSOMELY. 

hospital: 1, valétidinarium : 
Cels. pref. ad jfin.: Sen. 9. nbsdcd- 
mium (late): Just. Cod. 1, 2, 19, where 
diff. kinds of h.s (or asylums) are men- 
tioned, e. g., orphanotrophium, geronto- 
comium, brephotrophium (/fouwndling 
h.). Lying-in h., *parturientibus recep- 
taculum(?): R. and A. suggest lecho- 
trophium, but without giving any au- 
thority. 

hospitality : |. As disposition or 
quality : 1, hospitalitas (strictly, 
tawards stranyers): Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64: 
Mart. Q2. libéralitas (gen. term for 
open-handedness): cf. Cic. 1. c.: Nep. 
Cim. 4. |, The entertainment given : 
hospitium : to entertain with country h., 
agresti h. accipere, Cic. Att. 2, 16, exér. : 
to receive with sumptuous h., magnifico 
h. accipere, Cic. Div. 2, 37, 79 (excipere, 
ifa person is taken in on a journey) : 
Pl. Phr.: to show every kind of h. to 
any shat might call at his house, omnia 
praebere, quicunque in villam suam 
devertisset, Cic. Off. 2, 18, extr.: to avail 
oneself of another's h., in alicujus (do- 
mum, villam, etc.) devertere; alicujus 
rebus frui, Plin. Ep. 1, 4. 

host: |. An entertainer : il 
hospes, itis, m. (Gr. &évos, denoting the 
mutual relation of host and guest: v. 


spartea, or simply spartea], was in-| 











Guxst): Hor. S. 2,6, 107: in prose, hospes 
should only be used = host, where the 
sense is clear: ef. Cic. Deiot. 3, 8, hospes 
hospiti (as guest to host) dexteram por- 
rexisti: V. STRANGER, FRIEND(4). J, 
convivator (entertainer at table): Liv. 
35, 49, med.: Hor. 3. caupo: v. 
INNKEEPER. ff, An immense number : 
1, multitido: v. MULTITUDE. Q, 

agmen, Inis, 7. (any large body in move- 
ment): a h. of ravens, a. coryorum, 
Virg. G. 1, 381: a thronging h. of per- 
sons coming to welcome him, densissi- 
mum et laetissimum obviorum a., Suet. 
Cal, 13: v. TRaIN. So also examen 
=exagmen): Hor. Od. 1, 35, 31. o: 
in milif. sense: cOpiae magnae, ingentes, 
tantae,...quantae (so vast a h.as....): 
Vv. FORCES, ARMY. 4. sexcenti, ae, a 
(colloq., and denoting any indefinitely 
large number): a h. of letters, s. epis- 
tolae, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3: trecenti is also 
used in same sense: ef. Hor. S. 1, 5, 12, 
ohe! trecentos inseris, you are talcing on 
board a regular host! Pl. ll. The 
consecrated wafer ; *hostia (lit. victim) : 
Hovok’s Ch. Dict. 

hostage: obses, idis, c.: to give or 
receive h.s, obsides dare, accipere, Cues. 
to levy h.s of any one, obs. alicui im- 
perare, Cic. Manil. 12, extr.: to exchange 
h.s, obs. inter se dare, Caes. B. G. 1,9: 
to give h.s as security for money, obsici- 
bus de pecunia cavere, Caes. B. G. 6, 2. 

hostel, hostelry : caupona: v. InN. 

hostess: 1. hospita: Cic. Verr. 
2, 2, 36, extr.: Hor. 2. caupona (at 
an inn): Prisc. 6, 3 (p. 684). 

hostile: 1, hostilis, e (strictly 
with ref. to those at open war): on h. 
(=enemy’s) soil, h. in terra, Cic.: h. 


Jeelings towards the state, h. animus 


in rempublicam, Br. in Cic. Br. 1, 4 
(where the sense is not merely un- 


Friendly feelings, but those of a declared 


enemy): Hor.: ‘Tae. 9. hosticus 
(= preced., but less freq.): the h. sword, 
h. ensis, Hor. S. 1, 9, 31: h. territory, b. 
ager, Liv. 44, 13, init. 3, inimicus 
(personally unfriendly): Cie.: Liv.: 
V. UNFRIENDLY; ENEMY (2). 4, in 
festus (denoting vehement and active 


| hostility): a nation most h. to the Ro- 


man name (the Gauls), gens infestis- 
sima nomini Romano, Sall. Cat. 52: Cie. 
Join: inimicus infestusque, Liv. 22, 
39. 5, infensus (sim, to preced.: but 
referring more to feeling [offended, en- 
raged], as infestus more to actions): 
Join: infensus [animus] atque inimi- 
cus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, init. i 
aversus: Vv. OFFENDED. 7, aliénus 
(estranged, unfriendly) : to entertain h. 


Jeelings towards any one, animum. al. 


ab aliquo habere, Cic. R. Am. 46, extr. ; 
in aliquem, Caes. B.C. 1, 6. 8, ini- 
quus : Vv. UNFAVOURABLE. 
hostilely: 1, hostiliter: Cic.: Liv. 
9. inimicé: Cic.: Liv. 3, in- 
festé: Cic.: Liv. Join: inimicissime 
atque infestissime, Cic. Quint. 21, 66. 
4, iufensé (esp. of speaking under 
the influence of angry feeling): Cic.: 
Tac. (N.B.—For. syn. v. HOSTILE.) 
hostility : |. The disposition of 
mind : 1, animus hostilis, inimicus, 
infensus: V. HOSTILE. 9, ddinm: v. 
HATRED. |], Usu. in pl., hostile opera- 
tions : 1. expr. by arma, bellum: 
to commence h.s, arma coeptare, Tac. A. 
12, 32; ad armaire, Liv. 9, 32: h.s were 
commenced against the Samnites, ad- 
versus Samnites mota arma, Liv. 7, 29: 


formally to announce h.s, bellum aliquo 


ritu. indicere, Liv. 1, 32: religious 
scruples prevented the immediate decla- 
ration and commencement of h.s, ne con- 
festim bellum indiceretur neve exercitus 
mitterentur, religio obstitit, Liv. 4, 30. 
2. expr. by hostilis, e: to begin 
h.s (commence an engagement), hostilia 
coeptare, Tac. H. 3, 70: hostilia facere, 
Sall. Jug. 107, is to act the part of an 
enemy. Sometimes bello, 1 (to carry on 
h.s), May serve; esp. in pass. tmpers.: 
hs were carrted on, (quibus) bellatum 
est, Liv. 7, 29. 
hostler; v. OSTLEE. 


a." 








HOT 





hot: |. Lit.: 1, calidus (most 
gen. term): to drink what is h., calidum 
bibere, Pl. Curc. 2, 3, 14: ah. sun, c. 
sol, Gell.: Cic.: Quint. The fem. calida 
(syne. calda) is often used as subs. (sc. 
aqua) =h. water, Cato, R. R.156. Sen.: 
Mart. Q. fervens, fervidus (glowing 
or boiling hot): boiling h. water, fervens 
aqua, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, fin.; as h. as 
it can be made, ferventissima, Col. 12, 50, 
fin. : h, ashes, cinis fervens, Plin. 25, 8, 50: 
Caes.: V. GLOWING. 8, candens, ntis : 
¥. RED-HOT. 4, aestudsus (oppres- 
sively h., sultry): a h. and dusty road, 
ae. et pulverulenta via, Cic, Att. 5, 14: 
the S. wind is h., ae. (est) auster, Plin. 
2,47,48: Hor. To beh.: (1). caleo, ui, 
2: I gulped it down ; for it was so very 
h., obsorbui, nam nimis calebat, Pl. MiL 
3,2, 22: we perceive that fire is h., senti- 
mus c ignem, Cic. Jncept., calesco, 3 
to become or grow h.): Cic.: Ov. (2). 
erveo (and vo), vi and bui, 2 and rarely 
3 (to be glowing h.): v. 10 GLOW. (3). 
aestuo, 1 (to be uncomfortably h.): when 
he was too h., quum aestuaret, Cic. Ac. 
2, 22, Jo: Ov.: Juv. =f, Of flavours: 
fervidus: ah., acrid taste, sapor acer et 
f., Plin. 20, 11, 40: esp. of wines, heat- 
ing, heady: Hor. lll. Fig.: of eager 
passion: calidus, fervidus: v. FERVID, 
ARDENT. IV, Also fig., furious, vio- 
lent : 1, acer, cris, cre: a very h. 
encounter, acerrimus concursus, Nep. 
Eum. 4: Tac. 2, atrox, Ocis (san- 
guinary, fierce): where the fight is hot- 
test, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, Liv. 2, 
40: V. OBSTINATE. 

hot-bath: balneum fervens: for 
such the h. is unsuitable, b. bis fervens 
idoneum non est, Cels. 1, 3: lavatio 
calida (an ordinary warm bath), ib. ad 
fin.; for which balneum alone is some- 
times used: sometimes a h.-bath, some- 
times a cold is beneficial, prodest in- 
terdum balneo, interdum aquis frigidis 
uti, Cels. 1, 1. Phr.: to take a h, 
calida ov calda lavari (lavare, Cato, R. R. 
156); stagnum calidae aquae introire, 
Tac. A. 15, 64; in solium (a bathing- 
tub) descendere, Cels. 1, 3, ad init. Hot- 
baths (public), thermae: Vitr. 

hot-bed: *area bene stercorata ac 
vitreis munita. Fig.: a h. of crime, 
*locus ubi omnia scelera nascuntur atque 
foventur. 

hot-brained: cérébrosus (choleric) : 
Hor. S. 1, 5, 21: v. HOT-HEADED. 

hotch-potch: perh. farrago, inis, /- : 
used by Juv. 1, 86, in fig. sense, nostri 
f. libelli: perh. with allusion to the lanx 
satura, which appears to have been a 
kind of h., v. Dict. Ant. s. v. satura. 

hotel: bospitium, canpona: v. my. 

hot-headed: fervido ingenio (of 
eager, impetuous temper): cf. Liv. 27, 
33, fin.: or simply fervidus, cilidus: ef. 
Hor. A. P. 116: Od. 3, 14, extr.: v. Hor- 
BRAINED. 

hot-house: perh. *viridaria cale- 
facta (n. pl.): Vv. GAKDEN. 

hotly: acriter, Avidé, ardenter: v. 
EAGERLY, IMPETUOUSLY. 

hough (swbs.): poples, itis, m.: v. 
HAM. 

hough (v.): poplites succido, di, sum, 
3:_V. TO HAMSTRING (?). 

hound (subs.): 1, canis, is, m. 
and f., more freq. f.: to keep h.s, canes 
ad venandum alere, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 29: 
Virg.: Ov. 2. citiilus vénaticus 
(strictly, @ young h., a whelp): Hor. Ep. 
I, 2, 65: also simply catulus, id. Od. 1, 
Meets, Var Ee: 8. Molossus, i, m. 
(strictly referring to a particular breed ; 
but freq. in the poets of hounds used in 
the chase): the barking h.s, latratores 
M., Mart. 12, 1: the fierce h., acer M., 
Virg. G. 3, 405. The full expr. Molossus 
canis also occurs, Hor. S. 2, 6, 114. 

hound on (v.): instigo, 1 (strictly, 
to prick or goad on): ct. Petr. Sat. 95, 
canem ingentis magnitudinis instigat in 
Eumolpum; in same sense Apul. has 
canem voce inhortari, Met. 8, p. 164: v. 
TO INSTIGATE. 

hound’s-tongue; a plant, cynos- 
glossos, 1,/.: Plin. 





HOUSE 


hour: hora (the twelfth part of a 
natural day or night): what is the h. 
(what o'clocl: is vt), hora quota est? 
Hor. S. 2, 6, 44: a full kh. tota bh. 
Hor. S. 1, 5, 14: at the fourth h. (about 
10 o'clock), quarta h., ib. 23: Cic.: having 
spoken for about three hs, quum h. tres 
fere dixisset, Cic. Att. 4, 2, med. (But 
hora is very often used of time in 
general: ¢.g., momento horae, in a very 
brief space of time, Hor. S. 1, 1,7: V. 
TIME.) Half an h., semihora: to limit 
(a speaker) to half an h., aliquem in 
semiborae curriculum cogere, Cic. Rab. 
perd. 2,6: Cels.: anh. and ahalf, sesqui- 
hora (rare), Plin. Ep. 4, 9,9: the other 
parts of an h. may be expr. by the frac- 
tions of the as, with hora: three quar- 
ters of an h., dodrans horae, Plin, 2, 14, 
11: the twenty-fourth part of an h., 
semnuncia (=pars vicesima quarta) 
horae, Plin. Lc. Phr.: leisure hs, 
subsecivum tempus (or pl.), Plin.: GelL : 
V. LEISURE. 

hour-glass: nearest word perh. ho- 
rarium (any instrument for telling the 
hours) : Vv, CLOCK. 





hour-hand: *horarii index (? sagitta) | 


quae horas singulas denotat. 
hourly (adj.): Phr.: we must live 


inh. expectation, *in singulas horas ex- | 


spectandum est: the h. changes of the 
watch, *vigiliarum permutationes quae 
singulis horis fiunt: v. foll. art. 
hourly (adv.): in horas (from hour 
to hour, continually), Hor. Od. 2, 13, 143 
singulis horis (every hour): ef. DAILY 
(adv.). 
house (subs.): §, Adwelling: 1, 
démus, ts and i, abl. -o, f. (gen. term: 
also in special sense, the private h. of an 
inhabitant of the capital ; houses occu- 
pied by a number of tenants being called 
Insulae): a handsome, highly respect- 
able h., d. praeclara et plena dignitatis, 
Cie. Off. 1, 39, init.: at Caesar’s h., 
domi Caesaris, Cic. Att. 1, 12 (v. HOME): 
so small a h., tam angusta d., Phaedr. 3, 
9,7. (The dimin. domuscula ov domun- 
cula is without good authority.) OV 
aedes, ium, f. (sing. = temple, chapel : 
aedes denotes a h. as a building ; domus 
as an abode): (statues) in the centre of 
his h., in mediis aedibus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
19, fin.: a moderate-sized h., modicae 
ae., Suet. Caes. 46: a poor, mean h., sor- 
didae ae., id. Tit. 1: a@ h. remarkable 
neither for size nor splendour, ae. neque 
laxitate neque cultu conspicuae, id. 
Aug. 72. Dimin. aediculae (a small h.), 
Cic. Par. 6, 3, 50. 8. villa (strictly, a 
Sarm-h. : hence, a country-h., opp. to one 
in town) : V. FARM-HOUSE. 4, tectum 
(a covering over-head; any dwelling- 
place, however homely or mean): the 
squalor of a dilapidated h. (hut), obso« 
leti t. sordes, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 7: @ col- 
lection of h.s, conjunctio tectorum, Cic. 
tep. 1,26. §, domicilium: v. DWELL- 
ING-PLACE. 6. insiila (v. supr. 1): 
the rents of such h.s., fructus insularum, 
Cic. Att. 16,1: a h. on fire, insula oc- 
cupata igni, Gell. 15, 1. Phr.: will 
you be at my h. to-day (an invitation), 
hodie apud me sis volo, Ter. Heaut. 1, 
1,110; J happened to be dining at Pom- 
pey’s h., casu apud Pompeium coenavi, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 2: i is your matter, 
when your neighbour's h. is on fire, tua 
res agitur paries quum proximus ardet, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84: the adjoining h. of 
Ucalegon, proximus Ucalegon, Virg. Aen. 
2, 312: hs of ill fame, lustra, Hor. (v. 
BROTHEL). |], Those living in a house: 
démus, familia: v. FAMILY (lI.). lll. 
Race, stock: 1. gens, ntis, / (esp. 
with ref. to the gentes or “houses” of 
Roman citizens): the Fabian, Corne- 
lian, Claucian h., etc., gens Fabia, Cor- 
nelia, Claudia, ete. : v. Dict. Ant. p. 568. 
2. stirps, génus: v. STOCK, RACE, 
FAMILY (II.) IV. A legislative body : 
perh. senatorum ordo: the law was 
carried through both h.s, *utriusque or- 
dinis senatores decreverunt ut lex rata 
fieret; auctoribus utriusque ordints sena- 
toribus lex perlata est. YY, An assem- 
bly of people; whether in the senate- 





HOUSE-RENT 


house or tn a theatre: a full h. (senate 
jrequens senatus, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, med.: 
this he repeated amid the acclamations 
of the h. (“this brought down the hy"), 
haec totius theatri clamore dixit, Cic, 
Att. 2, 19, 2. 

house (adj.) : ddmesticus: a h. dress, 
vestitus d., Cic. Fin. 2, 24, fin. 

house (v.) : |. To receive in one’s 
house: tecto, hospitio, domo excipio, 
recipio, etc.: V. TO ENTERTAIN. i 
To store fruits, grain: condo, didi, ditum, 
3: to get in crops and h. them, fructus 
percipere, c., Cic. Sen. 7, fin.: v. To 
STORE up. Join: [fructus] condere ac 
reponere, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, fin. 

house-breaker: 1. effractarius: 
Sen. Ep. 68, 4. 2, effractor (the legal 
term in Dig.): incendiaries, hs, thieves, 
incendiarii, effractores, fures, Paul. Dig. 
1, 15,3 $1: Ulp. 

house-breaking: (domiis, ete.) ef- 
fractiira: Paul. Dig. 1, 15, 3 § 2: Scaev. 

house-dog: |, 4 dog kept within 
the house: (?) canis domesticus : v. HOUSE 
(adj.). I]. 4A watch-dog : canis domus 
s. villae custos: Col. 7, 12; ¢. villaticus 
(= villae custos), Col. 1. ¢.: also, canis 
catenarius (a chained dog), Petr. 72. 
Sen. de Ira, 3, 37, 2: for which also, 
canis catena vinctus, Petr. 29. 

household (suvbs.): ddmus, familia. 
V. FAMILY. Phr.: my h., your h., mei, 
tui, Plin. Ep. 1, 4. 

household (adj.): dimesticus: A. 
and family affairs, res a. ac familiares, 
Cic. Tusc. 1,1, 2. H. bread, panis ciba- 
rius (made of common flour), Cic. Tuse. 
5, 34, 97: h. stuffs, supellex (v. FURNI- 
TURE): h. suffrage, *jus suffragii quod 
per domicilia exercetur s, habetur. 

household-god: 1. Lar, liris,m. - 
I am the h.-god, ego sum L. familiaris, 
Pl. Aul. prol. 2: esp. in pl.: to pro- 
pitiate the h.-gods, placare Lares, Hor. 
3, 23,4: the shining figures of the h.- 
gods, renidentes L., Hor. Epod. 2, 66: 
Tib. 2, Pénates, um, m.: no sing. 
(these are said to have been tutelary 
deities of individual houses, the Lares 
being worshipped in common by all): 
the h.-gods, dii P., Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 68: 
called also patrii P. familiaresque, Cic. 
Dom. 57, 144: Virg. 

householder: paterfimilias (or as 
two words): the word does not neces- 
sarily imply that the person has chil- 
dren: cf. Ulp. Dig. 50, 16, 195 § 2, 
paterf. appellatur qui in domo domi- 
nium habet: recteque hoc nomine ap- 
pellatur quamvis jfilium non habeat. 
Phr.: to be a h. at Rome, domicilium 
Romae habere, Cic. Arch. 4, 7. 

housekeeper: nearest word perh., 

1. promus (the servant having 

charge of the larder, cella penaria : 
called also cellarius, Pl.: Col): no one 
to leave the premises except the bailiff 
(or farm-manager) and h., ne quis de 
fundo exeat praeter villicum et p., Varr. 
R. R. 1, 16: Pl. Join: condus, pro- 
mus, procurator peni, Pl. Ps. 2, 2, 14. 
(Strictly the business of the condus was 
to store away provisions: of the promus, 
to bring them forth.) 2. dispensator 
(paymaster, cashier): cf. Pomp, Dig. 
50, 16, 166. 3, dispensatrix (@ female 
h.): Hier. 

housekeeping: perh. cura rei fami- 
Haris (R. and A.): v. Economy (1). 

houseleek: *sempervivum tecto- 
rum, Linn.; aizdon (aec{wov): Plin. 25, 
13, 102. 

houseless; nearest word, inops, dpis: 
V. DESTITUTE. More precisely, *qui do- 
micilium nullum habet; cui lar famili- 
aris nusquam est, Sall. Cat. 20. ad fin. 

housemaid: ancilla (any female ser- 
vant): perh. *ancilla domestica. 

house-rent: 1. merces habita- 





tionis [annua]: Caes. B.C. 3, 21. 9. 
meton., hibitatio [annua]: Suet. Caes. 
38. 8. fructus (aedium, insularum: 


the latter in the case of large houses let 

in flats or lodgings): denoting rents as 

income to the proprietor, Cic. Att. 16, 1. 

Phr.: to be paying so much for h.-rent, 

tanti habitare, Vell. 2, 10, init: comp. 
38% 


HOUSE-ROOM 


HOWEVER 








Cic. Coel. 7, 17, triginta millibus ha- | 


bitare: though in both cases the pbr. 
relers strictly to the value of the house, 
not the annual rent. 

house-room: perh. laxitas (7vomi- 
ness, spaciousness): cf. Suet. Aug. 72. 
See also SPACE. 

house-sparrow: *passer domesticus. 

house-tax:; *tributum in singulas 
domos impositum: cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 32 
(R. aud A.). 

house-top: 1. fastigium (a pointed 
h.-top): V. GABLE. 9, expr. by cir- 
cuml., summa pars aedium, tecti: v. TOP. 

house-warming: Phr.: to give a 
h.-warming, perh. *auspicandi causa (vel 
ut nostrates dicunt ad domum calefaci- 
endam) convivium dare (the phr. auspi- 
candi causa or gratia is esp. used of 
doing anything for the fu'st time, as an 
omen: Col.; ‘Yac.: Plin. Ep.); ab epulis 
datis habitationem auspicari: cf. Plin. 
7, prooem. § 3, a suppliciis vitam auspi- 
cari: V. TO INAUGURATE. 

housewife; materfamilias (or as 
two words): v. HOUSEHOLDER. Phr.: 
mulier frugi ac diligens, cellae reique 
familiaris studiosa: cf. Hor. S. 2, 5, 
71, Sqq-: V- ECONOMICAL. 

housewifery: *cellae cura reique 
familiaris: v. ECONOMY. 

housings: for a horse, perh. strata, 
ephippia: V. HARNESS, TRAPPINGS. 

hovel: 1, tectum (a place of 
shelter and abode of uny kind: hence 
requiring some qualifying adj.): rude, 
shapeless h.s, t. informia, Liv. 21, 32. 
med.: a miserable (dilapidated) h., t. ob- 
soletum, Hor. Od.2,10,6. 2, tugurium 
(any hut or cottage): they dwelt in cot- 
tages and h.s, in casis et t. habitabant, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 1: Cic.: Sall. Dimin. 
tuguriolum, Apul.: Arn. 3. casa: 
with some qualifying word [squalida, 
sordida, informis]: v. COTTAGE. 5 
gurgustium (“a wretched hole”): Cic. 
in Pis. 6, 13: but Suet. has modicum 
gurgustium, of a humble dwelling or 
cottage, Gram. II. 

hover: 1. pendeo, pépendi, 2 (to 
hang suspended, in the air): Virg.: 
Ov.: Vv. TO FLOAT. 9. volito, 1 (to 
fly about, without alighting): Cic. 
More freq. circumvolito, 1 (to fly about 
or round): to h. about the thyme-beds 
(as a bee), circumvolitare (or as two 
words) thyma, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 21. Fig. 
of persons: to h. about the doors of the 
great, limina potentiorum c., Col. pref. 
med,: of cavalry, Lucr. 2, 331: Sen. 
Also less freq. circumvolo: round whom 
h. sport and love, quam jocus c. et 
cupido, Hor. Od. 1, 2, 34. 3, immineo, 
ui, 2 (in fig. sense, of troops which hang 
upon the rear of a retreating army): 
Join: imminere atque insequi, Hirt. B. 
Alex. 7: v. TO THREATEN ; HANG UPON. 

4. obversor, 3 (fig. of that which 

presents itself as an tnage to the mind : 
with dat.): the (image of the) glory of 
the commonwealth h.s before my eyes, 
mihi ante oculos ob. dignitas reipublicae, 
Cic. Sext. 3,7: strange sights h. before 
the eye (in delirium), vb. miracula, Plin. 


24, 17, 102. 
how’ |. As adv. of manner, in 
what vay: 1, quomddé or quo modo 


(in direct or indirect questions ; also in 
exclamations): how stands Maecenas 
with you, Maecenas q. tecum? Hor. S. 1, 
9, 43: Cic. Verr. 3, 10, 25: how these 
matters stund, I don’t venture to tell, 
hace negotia q. se habeant narrare non 
audeo, Ci. Fam. 2,5. Less freq. in ex- 
clam.: h. they are trumping themselves 
up to (aesar, q.se venditant Caesari! Cic. 
Att. 8,16 Similar to quomodo is quo 
pacto, but more precise and emphatic : 
they settle what is to be done, and how, 
quid qioque pacto agi placeat consti- 
tuunt, Caes. B, G. 7, 83: esp. in phr. 
nesciv quo pacto, somehow or other: v. 
SOMEHOW. 2, quemadmédum or quem 
ad modum (like preced., but perh. rather 
more definite in its reference to manner) : 
if not, h. [in what way] did you get the 
money from him, si non, q. [pecuniam ] 
ab eo exegisti? Cic. R. Com. 18, 55: 
382 








HUFF 





Pl.: Plin. jun. (freq.): I know the whole 


affair, how it stands, ego omnem rem 
scio, q. est, Pl.: Cic. (N.B.— Not used 
in exclamations.) 3. qui (strictly 
abl. of quis? in direct questions only) : 
how comes it, qui fit? Hor. S. 1, 1, 1: 
how can we think of God as other than 
eternal, (eum nisi sempiternum intel- 
ligere qui possumus? Cic. N. D. 1, 10, 
25: Caes. 4, iit (chiefly after verbs 
of hearing, telling, etc., foll. by subj. : 
less freq. in direct questions: also in 
exclamations): I believe you have heard 
how they pressed vound me, credo te 
audivisse ut me circumsteterint, Cic. Att. 


1, 16, 2: hk. dovs he do, ut valet? Hor. | 


Ep. I, 3, 12° PL: how they are trans- 
ported with joy, ut illi efferuntur lae- 
titia! Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 61. how J miss 
your love and sympathy, ut ego tuum 
amorem et dolorem desidero! Cic. Att. 
Barre 5, quid (interrogative = how 
so? how say you? usu. as preliminary 
to another question): how now? do you 
think I entrusted this to you? quid? tu 
me hoc tibi mandasse existimus? Cic. 
Fam. 2, 8: also foll. by si=how tf....: 
how if I were to alter ‘his, quid si hoc 
muto? Caec. in Cic. Fam. 6, 7, med. 

ll. Zo what degree: 1, quam 
(chiefly in exclamations) : how much in 
how jew words, quam multa quam 
paucis! Cic. Fam. 11, 24: see, how long 
I stand here and knock, vide, quem 


dudum hic adsto et pulto! Pl. St. 2, 2, | 


39. (N.B.—How much? how many ? 
how little? must be expr. by quantus, 
quot, quantulus: how many are there 
of you, quot estis? how much money, 
quantum pecuniae? but how many as 
an exclam. can only be expr. by quam 
multi: v. supr.) 
quanto Opére (how greatly): it is inde- 
scribable how greatly they rejoice, dici 
non potest quantopere (al. quanto opere) 
gaudeant, Cic. Att. 14,6: he points out 
now greatly it concerns the common- 
wealth, docet quanto opere reipublicae 
intersit, Caes. B. G. 2, 5. Phr.: how 
many times, quoties: how many times 
soever, quotiescunque, Cic. : how few there 
are found who...., quotusquisque in- 
venitur qui...., Cic. Tusc. ?, 4, 11: how 
much more, quanto magis! Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 
10: how much less, nedum [non dicam]: 
ef. Cic. Clu. 35, 95, optimis temporibus, 
nec P. Popillius, nec Q. Metellus...., 
nedum his temporibus....salvi esse 
possimns (“how much less can we be 
safe?”): Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45 (quanto 
minus in this sense appears to be with- 
out authority: quanto magis...non is 
more agreeable to analogy). 
howbeit (obsol.): tamen: v.NEVER- 
THELESS. 
however: |. In whatever way : 
1. utcunque: A. he desires the mind 
of his hearer to be affected, utc. animum 
audientis moveri volet, Cic Or. 17, 55: 
h. that be, ute. erit, Liv. pref. init. 2, 
quomddécunque (A. it be: with acces- 
sory notion that the said mode or state 
is not a desirable one): Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 
init.: cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 66, rem facias ; 
Tecte, si possiS; si non quocunqne modo 
rem (h. you get it, by fair means or 
Soul). 3. quoqudmido, or as two 
words (= preced.): h things may be, q. 
modo se res habeat, Cic. Fam. 1, 5, a.: 
Vv. SOMEHOW OR OTHER. 4. itut or 
ut ut (= preced., but more colloq.): bué 
h. that may be, verum ut ut res sese 
haec habet, Pl. Most. 2, 1, 13: Ter. 
Phor. 3, I, 4. [|]. To whatever degree: 
1, quamvis (esp. with an adj. or 
adv.: foll. by subj.) : h. sagacious you 
may be in reflection, as you are, q. pru- 
dens ad cogitandum sis, sicut es, Cic. 
Att. 12, 37: Liv.: Virg.: v. ALTHOUGH. 
9. quantumvis (like preced.: with 
verbs = h. much): h. much superior 
you are, q. excellas, Cic. Am. 20, 73: A. 
insignificant (those things) be, q. exigua 
sint, Sen. Ep. 85, 11. 3. quaamlibet 
(to any degree you please; ever so, with 
an adj.): passion aids the hand h. feeble 
(be it ever so feeble), q. infirmas adjuvat 
ira manus, Ov. M. 1, 7, 66. Phr.: h. 


2. quantopéré or | 


great, quantuscunque, quantusquantus 
(or as two words: colloq ): all this h. 
great—and greut indecd vt is, totum 
hoc, quantumecunque est, quod certe 
maximum est, Cic. Mur. 2, 7 (but quan- 
tuscunque quite as olten means h. 
little [quantuluscunque, Cic.: Col.: Sen.], 
ef. Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 22, puuperum bona 
quantacunque erent): /. great my po- 
verty, qaalla Quanta haec mea pauper- 
tas, Ter. Phor. 5,7, 10: h. many, quot- 
quot, Cic.: Cat.: h. of ten, quotiescunque, 
Cic.: Col. II]. As conj., nevertheless : 
tamen, attamen, nibilominuus: v. SEVER- 
THELESS. 
howl (v.): 1, lilo, 1 (strictly of 
the cry of certain enimals; us dogs or 
| wolves): dogs h., canes u., Virg.: hing 
wolves, Ululantes lupi, Virg.. also of 
any wild cry: of distress [wail], Virg. 
Aen. 4, 168; of exultution [yell]. Lucan. 
6, 261: Cat.: Ov. simly, ‘he comp, ex- 
ululo (to h. out aloud): Ov. See also 
TO WalIL. 2. baubor, 1 (very rare): 
| Lucr. 5, 1070 (of dogs). 
how] (subs.): ulilatus, ts (cf. To 
HOWL): V. WAIL, YELL. 
howling (auj.): i.e. full of howling 
wild beasts, desolate: Phr.: a waste h. 
wilderness, desertissima solitudo, Cic. 
| Verr. 5, 67, 171: more iit., solitudo de- 
| serta ac feris repleta. 
| howsoever: v. HOWEVER. 
hoy ; navigium: v. SHIP. 
hoyden (adj. and subs.): nearest 
| words perh., lascivus (cf. Virg. E. 3, 64), 
protervus (usu. with a worse sense): v. 
FORWARD, WANTON. Phr.: @ h. lass, 
*rustica quadam libertate atque lascivia 
| puella: v. FROLICSOME. 
hubbub: 1, timultus, iis (Jess 
colloq. than the Eng.): v. TUMULT. 2, 
turba (esp. in Pl. and ‘Ter.): what a 
he has made, quas t. fecit, Ter. Bua. 4, 
3, II: so, turbam facere, ib. 4, 1. 2: for 
Sear there should be some h. here too, ne 
quid turbae hic itidem fuat, Pl. Aul. 2, 
g, extr. 3, convicium (a noise of 
brawling): to make ah. (“row”) im 
Sront of the house, ante aedes facere c., 
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 26. 4, clamor (noise 
| of shouting, outcry): what is this h.? 
| quid hoc clamoris? Pl. Aul. 2, 9, 7. 
Phr.: to make @ h., tumultuari or 
|-are: Pl. 
huckster (subs): —_1, caupo, Onis, 
m.; f. caupona (usu. = tnnkeeper : but 
also in wider sense = Gr. xamnAds): the 
knavish h., perfidus c., Hor. S. 1, 1, 29. 
2. institor (a dealer commissioned 
to dispose of the wares of another): cf. 
Ov. A. A. 1, 421: Hor. 3, arilator 
or atrilater (a kind of small dealer: 
very rare): Gell, 16, 7: where he men- 
tions an obsol. cocio or coctio, used in 
the mimes of Laberius (cave imiteris). 
huckster (v.): cauponor, 1: v. TO 
TRADE. 
huddle (v.): expr by circuml. with 
such aivv. as festinanter, raptim, tem- 
ere, parum decenter: Vv. HURRIEDLY, 
Huddled together, conterti, coacervati: 
v. TO HEAP, CROWD TOGETHER. 
huddle (subs.): rare: turba, ti- 
multus: v. CROWD, TUMULT, HUBBUB. 
hue; |. Colour: cdlor: v. COLOUR. 
May often be expr. by an adj., as @ 
flower of a grassy hue. berbaceus flos, 
Plin.: v. GRASSY, GREENISH, etc. I. 
Alarm-cry for the pursuit of thieves, 
etc.: Phr.: to ra‘se the hue and cry 
after a thief, furem clamare (concla- 
mare, of a number joining to do so): 
after the anal. of incendium conclamare, 
Sen. Ir. 3, 43, 3: cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 36. 
(The phr. praemandatis requirere, Cic, 
Pl. 12, 31, refers to the sending of a 
letter of instructior s to a magistrate for 
the arrest of a person.) 
huff (subs.): *impetus quidam ira- 
cundiae vel arrogantiae: v. FIT. Phr.: 
to be in a h, take h., stomachari: 
Join: stomachari et moleste ferre, Vic. 
Fam. 15, 16. Jn a h., stomachaas, 
stomachabundus: cf. L. G. § 343. 
huff (v.): esp. in phr., to be h.’d: 
stomachari, moleste ferre aliquid: © 
| preced. art., and TO OFFEND. 





HUFFISH 





huffish: i. e. easily offended: sto- 


machOsus, cérébrosus: vV. IRRITABLE, 
HOT-HEADED. 
hug (v.): |. Zo embrace warmly: 


amplector, amplexor: V. TO EMBRACE, 
CLASP. Il. Fig.: to cling to: perb. 
amplexor, I: Vv. TO CLING TO (/fin.). 
Phr.: so strangely do we h. our own 
vices, adeo vitia nobis incredibili modo 
inolescunt atque inhaerent: cf. Virg 
Aen. 6, 738: Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 26. Ul. 
Naut. phr., to h. the shore, littus pre- 
mere, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 3. 
hug (svbs.): complexus, Us: v. EM- 
BRACE. Applicable to wrestling, cf. Tac. 
Agr. 36, complexus armorum. 
huge: 1, ingens, ntis: h. Sar- 
, Periphas, ete., i. Sarpedon, Peri- 
phas, etc. Virg.: A. in body and in 
armour, ingens corpore et armis, Virg. 
Aen. 11, 641 (pass): Cic.: Ov.: v. IM- 
MENSE. $ immanis, e (of monstrous 
size and form: stronger than preced.): 
a fierce, h. monster, fera et im. belua, 
Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 108: h. bodily stature, 
immanis corporum magnitudo, Caes. 
B. G.6,1. Join: ingens immanisque, 
Cic. 3, vastus (so large as to be un- 
wieldy; enormous: ef. Cic. N. D.1, 35, 
g7, elephanto beluarum nulla pruden- 
tior: at figura quae vastior ?): h. mill- 
stones, v. molares, Virg. Aen. 8, 250: 
Ov. (N.B.—Vastus should not be used 
in prose to denote mere size.) 4. 
praegrandis, e (beyond the usual size): 
Suet.: Plin. Phr.: a@ man of h. stature, 
homo maximi corporis, Nep. Dat. 3: a 
h. beard (hanging low), barba promiséa, 
Nep. l. c.: cf. Col. 7, 9, init.: a h. pile, 
moles, Cic.: Hor. (v. PILE). 
hugely; immaniter: Gell.: v. mon- 
sTROUSLY. Phr.: J amh. delighted at 
this, hoc mihi prorsus valde placet, Cic. 
Fam. 6, 20: ef. Hor. S. 1, 5, 70, prorsus 
jucunde. 
hugeness: 1, imm§anitas: Gell. 
{in Cie. = savageness, monstrousness). 
9. ingens magnitudo: v. size. 3, 
vastitas (not so in best authors): beasts 
of equal h., pari v. beluae, Col. 3, 8, ad 
init.: Gell. 4, moles, is, f. (chiefly 
poet.): cf. Hor. Od. 3, 4, 65, mole ruit 
sua: remarkable for the h. of its beasts, 
molibus ferarum mirabilis, Col. 3, 8, ad 
init. 
hulk: v. HULL. Phr.: to condemn 
to the h.s, (?) ad vincula navalia dam- 


|. The outside covering of 
nuts, etc.: 1, follicilus (of seeds, 
buds, etc.): Varr.: Col.: Plin. 2. 
tiinica (any coating: q. v.): Plin. 5 
vagina (the sheath protecting buds): 
Varr. 1, 48: this sheath was in grain 
called gluma, Varr.l.c. ‘JJ, The body 
of a ship: alveus (mavis): Liv. 23, 34, 
fin.: Sall. (Cavernae, in Cic. de Or. 3, 
46, 180, are hollow chambers in the 
hull.) 
hum (v.): |. Of insects; to make 
a low buzzing sound : 1, strépo, ui, 
itum, 3: to h. in the hive (of bees), in 
alveo s., Plin. 11, 0, Io. 9. musso, 
I (strictly, to speak in an under-tone: 
poet.): Virg. G. 4, 188 (of bees). 3: 
sisurro, 1 (to whisper: poet.): to h. 
continuously, tractim s., Virg. G. 4, 260: 
cf. id. E. 1, 56. 4, perh. murmuro, I 
(of any low sound): v. TO MURMUR. 
5, consodne, ui, itum, t (of a num- 
ber together): toh. very loudly (of bees 
swarming), vehementer c., Varr. 3, 16, 
ad fin. 6, bombum facio, 3 (te make 
a deep, hollow, humming sound): Col. 
3, 16, ad fin. 7. bombito, 1 (very 
rare): Auct. Carm. Phil. (N.B.— From 
the use of bombus to denote such sounds 
as that of the trumpet [cf. Lucr. 4, 546, 
Taucus tubae bombus], it would appear 
to mean a droning, humming sound, 
rather than the ordinary hum of bees. 
8, murmur édo, 3: to h., as do bees, 
m. edere, ut apes, Plin. 11, 51, 112. 
I]. To resound with humming: con- 
sono, ui, itum, 1: Vv. TO RESOUND. Hl. 
To sing a tune in a low tone: *submissa 
voce canto; cantillo, r: v. TO SING. 
hum (subs.): 1, frémitus, tis: the 








HUMBLE 


h. of bees, f. apum, Virg. G. 4, 216 (but 
the word appears to denote an angry 
h.): ef. Virg. Aen. 5, 148, where it is 
used of the confused h. of voices: Vv. 
MURMUR. Q, siisurrus (poet.): gentle 
h. (of bees), levis s., Virg. EK. 1, 56. a 
bombus: v. preced. art. (1. fin.). 4. 
murmur, tris, m.: Plin : cf. preced. art. 
(L, 8). Esp. of confused, tndistinct 
sounds: v. MuRMUR. (Stridor denotes 
a shrill sound, as that of the cicale, cf. 
Plin. 11, 51, 112.) 

human: 1, himauus: h. nature, 





h. natura, Cic. Rep. 1, 14: the h. race, h. | 
genus, Cic. Am. 5, 20: to pollute altars | 


with h. sacrifices, aras h. hostiis funes- 
tare, Cic. Font. 10, 24: to offer h. sacri- 
Jices, h. hostiis litare, Tac. Ger, 9 (hu- 
mana sacrificia were sacrifices offered 
on behalf of the dead, Fest. 8. v.). i 
expr by gen. sing. or pl. of homo: to 
seele the welfare of the (whole) h. race, 
consulere hominum generi, Cic. Rep. 3, 
12: to derive anything from h. nature, 
ab hominis natura aliquid repetere, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 5, 17: the h. figure, hominis 
figura, Cic. 3. mortalis, e: 
works shall perish, m. facta peribunt, 
Hor. A. P. 68: Cic.: v. MORTAL. Phr.: 
to offer h. sacrifices, homines immolare, 
Cic. Fout. 10, 21 (cf. supr. 1): h. feeling 
(including sympathy, kindliness, etc.), 
humanitas, Cic.: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 
humane: _ 1. perh. humanus (in- 
cluding all kindly, considerate feeling) : 


v. KINDLY. 2, miséricors, rdis: v. 
COMPASSIONATE. 

humanely: 1, perh. humane: v. 
KINDLY. miséricorditer (very 


rare) : V. COMPASSIONATELY. 
humanity: |. Human nature : 
1, humanitas: the entire force (or 
essence) of h., vis omnis humanitatis, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53: Sen. 2. ha- 
mana or hominum natura: Vv. HUMAN. 
Phr.: it is the lot of h., *haec est vi- 
vendi conditio; hac lege nati sumus. 
I. As a virtue; humane feeling : 
nearest expr. perh., animus miséricors, 
Miséricordia: Vv. COMPASSION. ll. 
Refined culture; esp. with ref. to clas- 
sical studies : *himanitas : M. L. (Univ. 
Glasg.). 
humanize: excdlo, ad humanitatem 
{atque mansuetudinem] revoco: v. TO 
CIVILIZE. 
humanly: Phr.: h. speaking, *ut 
ita loquar, quemadmodum hominem 
tuturi ignarum decet; ne quod homini 
concessum est vaticinando excedere 
videar. 
humble (adj.): |. Low, mean: 
humilis, e: of h. parentage, h. parenti- 
bus natus, Cic. Am. 19, Jo; humiles 
nati, Phaedr. 1, 27, 2. Join: humilis 
et obscurus, Cic.: v. LOW, LOWLY. 
Phr.: of h. origin, vbscuris majoribus 
natus, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 116; obscuro loco 
natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 70, 181: those whose 
lot is h., qui demissi vitam in obscuro 
habent, Sall. Cat. 51. I]. Of disposi- 
tion; unpretending, modest : 1, de- 
missus (oftener in bad sense = mean- 
spirited) : V. UNASSUMING, GROVELLING. 
J oin: animus demissus atque humilis, 
Cic. Font. 11, 23 (where an abject, 
craven bearing is meant). 2, sum- 
missus (oftener in bad sense: cf. Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 30, 64, ne quid humile summis- 
sum, molle, faciamus): h. prayers, s. 
preces, Lucan. 8, 594: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 26, 
go, where the adv. is used in good sense: 
v. HUMBLY. 3, hiimilis, e (like pre- 
ced. usu. in bad sense: v. supr.): to 
have recourse to h. entreaty and appeal, 
prece et obsecratione humili [et sup- 
plici] uti, Cic. Inv. 1, 16, 22: Vulg. 
Matt. xi. 29: Eccl. See also MODEST. 
Il]. Small, modest: Phr.: my h. 
abilities, mediocritas mea, Vell. 2, 111: 
cf. mediocritas ingenii, in somewhat 
similar sense: Cic. Phil. 2, 1, 2. : 
humble (v.): _—-1._ déprimo, pressi, 
ssum, 3: to exalt oneself and h. another, 
seipsum extollere, alium d., Liv. 3, 65, 
extr.: cf. id. 30, 36, med., deprimendi 
hostis causa. Q. infringo, frégi, frac- 
tum, 3 (to break the strength of): he 


s 


all h. | 
| V. HUMBLE, 








HUMILIATION 





did not so far h. them that they aban- 
doned their empire, non ita infregit 
animos eorum, ut imperio absisterent, 
Liv. 38, 16, fin.: ef. Cic. Bal. 6, 15, 
florem dignitatis inf.: ‘lac. So trango 
(to baffle and defeat): cf. Cic. Fam. 13, 
12, med., hunc quemadmodum /regerim, 
quantaque contentione Titium interces- 
sorem atjecerim ....: to baffle and h. 
a man’s audacity, contundere et f. all- 
cujus audaciam, Cic. Phil. 13, 13, extr 
3, comprimo, 3: Vv. TO CHECK, RE- 
sTrRAIN. Phr.: toh. oneself before any 
one, se summittere alicui [et supplicare} 
Cic. Plan. 10, init. (cf. Liv. 27, 31, med., 
submittere fastigium); se demittere (to 
let oneself down to anything), Quint. 
prooem. § 5 (animos demittere, is lo lose 
heart, be discouraged, Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 
42); descendere (Vv. TO CONDESCEND); 5@ 
abjicere atque prosternere (lo degrade 
oneself), Cic. Par. 1, 3, 14: the h.’d 
Phraates, Ph. genibus minor, Hor, Ep. 
I, 12, fin. 
humble - bee: 
(Linn.). 
humble-minded: demisso animo: 


*apis terrestris 


humbleness: |, Lowness, mean 
condition: 1, himilitas: h. of origin, 
h. generis, Sall. Jug. 73: Cic.: v. Low- 
NESS, MEANNESS. 9. obsciritas, h. of 
origin, obs. generis, Flor. 3, 1, med. 
Join: humilitas et obscuritas, Cic. 

[]. In moral sense: v. HUMILITY. 

humbling (a4j.): nearest word perh. 
abjectus: cf. Cic. Clu. 34, 94, non quo 
causam pecuniae publicae contemplam 
atque aljectam putarent (the meanness 
of a thing being a degradation tw those 
who have to do with it): v. MEAN, Dis- 
GRACEFUL. Phr.: what could be more 
h. to a man’s pride, *quid fieri posset ad 
hominis superbiam [arrogantiam] in- 
fringendam aptius? v. TO HUMBLE. 

humbly: ], summissé: to act 
the more h., tanto summissius se gerere, 
Cic. Off. 1, 26, go. 2. summisso (de- 
misso) animo: v. HUMBLE. (Humiliter 
only in bad sense, with a mean spirit.) 

3. mddesté (opp. to arrogantly, 

in a modest, unpresumptuous spirit): 
cf. Liv. 30, 42, med., rebus secundis mo- 
deste ac moderate uli: Vv. MUDESTLY, MO- 
DERATELY. 

humbug (svbs.): —_1. perh. niigae 
(trifles, nonsense): humbug ! he'll never 
give (them), nugas! nunquam edepol 
dabit, Pl. Most. 5, 1, 39: of @ worthless 
person: I have received the h.s with all 
possible courtesy, ego nugas maximas 
omni mea comitate sum complexus, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2. Q, gerrae, arum: your 
soft speeches are what's called sheer h., 
blanditiae tuae sunt quod dici solet 
gerrae germanae, Fl. Poen. 1, 1, 9: also 
as interj., gerrae! humbug! PL. As. 3, 3 
Io. 3. tricae, arum (esp. of deceiv- 
ing speeches): just drop that h., quin 
tu istas mittis t., Pl. Most. 3, 1, 39. 

humbug (v.): lado, lidificor, ete.. 
Vv. TO FOOL, DECEIVE. Phr.: @ man 
whom it is no easy thing to h., cui verba 
dare difficile est, Ter. Andr. 1, 3,6: &@ 
attempt to h. (any one), quicquan) fal- 
laciae conari, ib. 1, 2, 26: they have so 
h’d me in every possible way, ita mi 
stolido] sursum vorsum 0S sublevere, 

1. Capt. 3, 4, 123: Ter. 

humdrum: perh. tardus, somnicu- 
losus: v. SLOW, DROWSY. 

humid; bumidus: v. DAMP. 

humidity ; bimor, ete. : v. MOISTURE. 
(N.B.—Not humiditas.) 

humiliate: déprimo, 3: v. Te 
HUMBLE. 

humiliating: perb. expr. by hi- 
milis, abjectus (cf. HUMBLING). Phr.: 
to resort to h. appeals, ad infimas ob- 
testationes procumbere ([descendere], 
Tac. Ann. 1, 12, tmit.: ah. war, bellum 
contumeliosum, Vell. 

humiliation: dédécus, turpitido: 
v. DISGRACE. Or expr. by adj., how h.! 
quam turpe! indignum facinus! vy. Dis- 
GRACEFUL, SHAMEFUL, Sometimes hu- 
militas (any low state) may serve: cf. 
Cic. Inv. 1, 56. 

383 


HUMILITY 





HUNT 





humility: ], animussummissus, ] 
démissus: v¥. HUMBLE. 9, modestia 
(opp. to arrogance, or stepping out of 
one’s proper sphere): cf. Nep. Ages. 4, 
tanta modestia dicto audiens fuit 
ut si privatus esset: Cic. 8, bumi- 
litas (in this sense post-class., but indis- | 
pensable): rich on a level with poor by 
h., divites pauperibus humilitate animi 
pares, Lact. 5,15, med.: Vulg. Act. xx. 
19: Eccl. Phr.: to behave with h., 
summisse se gerere: v. HUMBLY.- 

humming (pat. adj.): chiefly in 
phr., ah. sound, siisurrus, etc.: V. HUM 


(subs.). 
humorist; v- HUMOURIST. \ 
humorous: 1, nearest word fa- 


cétus (smart, full of wit): more ade- 
quately expr. by joining several adjj., 
cf. Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108, dulcis et facetus 
festivusque sermo (Socratis): v. WITTY. 
9. festivus: v. AMUSING. 8, lé- 
pidus (elegant, graceful, as opp. to coarse 
buffoonery): cf. Hor. A. P. 273. 4, 
Tidictilus: v. LAUGHABLE. ; 
humorously: facété, festive, jicose : 
Yy. WITTILY, SPORTIVELY: and cf. preced. 
art. 
humour (subs.): — J, Turn of mind 
or inclination : 1, ingénium (includ- 
ing the entire mind and disposition): 
to live after one’s own h., ing. suo viv- 
ere, Liv. 3, 36, init.: such is (his) h., ita 
est ingenium, ‘ler. Ph. 1, 2, 20: Vv. DIS- 
POSITION. 9, libido, inis, f. (fancy, 
caprice) : they govern (us) according to 
their h., ex sua 1. moderantur, Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 1,4: while this h. lasts, dum 
1. haec eadem manet, Ter. Ph. 5, 4, 4: 
V. CAPRICE. 3, expr. by libet, uit, 2 
(with dat. of subject: to be in the h. to 
do anything): I am not in the h. to 
write more, non libet [sc. mihi] plura 
scribere, Cic. Att. 2, £8, med.: why? 
because such is my h., quamobrem ? quia 
libet, Ter. Andr. 5, 2, 20: sometimes 
with dat. animo, Pl. As. 1, 1,92: Ter. 
Phr.: from the h. I saw uour father 
was in, ut patrem *s4m vidi esse hab- 
itum, Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22: according to 
(his) h. at the moment, utcunque prae- 
sens movit affectio, Curt. 7, 1, med.: 
such is the man’s h., ita homo est, Ter. 
Ad. 1, 2, 63: every one to his h., *suum 
cuique studium ac voluntas (cf. Hor. S. 
2, 1, 27, quot capitum vivunt, totidem 
studiorum millia). I]. Yemper: in 
phr. good, bad h.: expr. by hilaris (hi- 
larus) and tristis : come! drop your ill- 
temper, and be in a yood h. over your 
son’s wedding, jam vero omitte tuam 
istanc iracundiam; atque hilarum [ac 
libentem] fac te gnati in nuptiis, Ter. 
Ad. 4, 7, 38: he is in @ bad h. about 
something or other, nescio quid tristis 
est, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1,7: Pl.: v. CHEER- 
FULNESS. I]. Heumorousness : no pre- 
cise word: perh., facetiae dulces festi- 
vaeque: cf. HUMOROUS (1). JV. Any 
watery substance: humor: Vv. MOISTURE. 
humour (2-): 1, obséquor, ciitus, 
3 (with dat.): toh. any one’s taste, ali- 
cujus studio obs., Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 37: 
old men should h. old men, senes est 
aequum senibus obsequi, Ter. Heaut. 3, 
I, to: Cic.: v. TO COMPLY WITH. 9. 
obsécundo, 1 (like preced., but less 
freq.): to h. any one seasonably, obs. 





alicui in loco, ‘ler. Heaut. 4, 6, 23: Cic. 

3, morem géro, ssi, stum, 3 ; mo- 
rigéror, 1 (to show complaisance; the 
latter often in bad sense: with dat.) : 
(you) should have h.'d the young fellow, 
adolescenti morem gestum oportuit, Ter. 
Ad. 2, 2, 6: take a man as he is and h. 
him accordingly (Parry), ut homo est, 
ita morem geras, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 77: 
Cic.: to waive one’s right a little and 
h. a man, de jure suo concedere pau- 


lulum, atque morigerar alicui, Ter. 
Ad: 25°25 9. 4, indulgeo, 2: v. TO 
INDULGE. 


humourist ; *qui dulci et comi face- 
tiarum genere utitur (?). 
humoursome: V- 
MOROSE. 
bump: gibber, Gris, m.; also gib- 
bus (any protuberance: rare): Syrian 
284 


ILL-TEMPERED, 


HURRICANE 





oxen have a h. on the back, syriacis (bu- 
bus) gibber in dorso (est), Plin. 8, 45, 
0: V. PROTUBERANCE. 

humped-backed, humped: 1. 
gibber, era, erum : h. and otherwise un- 
sightly, g. et, alio foedus aspectu, Plin. 
34, 3, 6: Suet. Gr. 9g. 9. gibbérosus 
(very rare): Orbilius in Suet. 1 c.: Paul. 
Dig. (al. gibbosus). 

hunch, hunch-backed: v. HUMP. 

hundred: |. Tbe numeral: cent- 
um; distrib. centeni, ae, a: a h. times, 
centies: amounting to a h., consisting 
of a h., centénarius: the number of a 
h., centenarius numerus, Varr. L. L. 5, 
16, § 88: a herd consisting of a h., grex 
centenarius, Varr.: a@ h. years, sae- 
culum; v. CENTURY. When the number 
a hundred is used indefinitely, sexcenti, 
trécenti, ae, a, may be used: v. HOST 
(IL, 4). ||. 4 district : perh. centu- 
Tia: Vv. CENTURY. (Med. Lat., hundreda, 
Domesday Book.) 

hundred-fold (24. and subs.):_ 1, 
centuplex, plicis eet rare): Pl. Pers. 
4, 4, 11: Prud. , centiiplicatus (very 
rare): (goods) which fetch a h. their 
value, quae centuplicato veneunt, Plin, 
6, 23, 26, § 101. 3, centiiplus (very 
rare): Vulg. Lue. viii. 8. Phr.: to yield 
ah., cum centesimo efficere (v. -FOLD). 
piundred-footed : centipes, dis : 

in. 

hundred -handed: centiminus: 


Oor.: Ve 

hundred-headed: centiceps, cip- 
itis: Hor. 

hundredth: centésimus: Pl.: Cic. 

hundred-weight: centumpondium 
(centup-): Cato: Pl. 

hunger (subs.): 1, faimes, is, f. 
(in all degrees, to starvation): h. ts the 
proper sauce of meat, thirst of drink, 
cibi condimentum est f., Cic.: to endure 
h., f. tolerare, sustentare, Caes.: v. 
STARVATION. 2. inédia (abstinence 
from food; esp. voluntary) : capable of 
enduring h., cold, lack of sleep, patiens 
inediae, algoris, vigiliae, Sall. Cat. 5: 
exhausted by h. and exposure to the sea, 
fessus in. fluctibusque, Cic. Pl. 10, 26: 
Plin. jun. 3. ésiiries, Gi (hungriness, 
sense of hunger: very rare): Coel. in 
Cic. Fam. 8, 1, ad jin. 4, ésiiritio 


16, 3, med.: Cat. 
ing: poet. in this sense): to allay h., 
jejunia sedare, Ov. To feel h., esurire : 
Vv. HUNGRY. 

hunger (v.): ésurio, 4: to h. and 
thirst after righteousness, e. et sitire 
justitiam, Vulg. Matt. v. 6: but this 
use of esurio is not class.: sitire is freq. 
used of strong desire : v. TO THIRST. 

hungry, hungered, to be (v- 7/7.) : 
ésurio, 4: there is prospect of our being 
h. enough, spes est nos esurituros satis, 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 28: Cic. Verr. 5, 34 
init. (= to be starving). 

hungry, hungered: 1, ésiirieus, 
ntis (usu. as part. = being h.): to the 
h. man nothing comes amiss, nihil con- 
temnit esuriens, Sen. (in Q.): the poor 
h. (half-starved) Greek, Graeculus e., 
Juv. 3,78: v. preced. art. 2, jejunus 
Gas Jasting): the h. and weary 
rames of the Romans, j. fessaque cor- 
pora Romanorum, Liv. 21, 55, med.: a 
h. stomach is mostly content with homely 


fare, raro j. stomachus vulgaria temnit, 


Hor. S. 2, 2, 38. 8, avidus cibi (posi- 
tively eager after food): Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 
16: cf. Hor. S. 1, 4, 126. Phr.: to 
suffer from h., fame laborare, premi, 
urgeri (V. HUNGER, subs.): he used to 
eat whenever he felt h., vescebatur quo- 
cunque tempore stomachus desiderasset, 
Suet. Aug. 76: to quiet a h. stomach, 
latrantem stomachum lenire, Hor. S. 2, 
2,18: to wait till one ts h. (before eat- 
ing), famem opperiri, Sall. Cat. 13: to 
prevent one’s feeling h., esuritionem de- 
pellere, Gell. 16, 3. 

hunt (v.): vénor, 1: to h. the hare 
by means of hounds, canibus leporem 
v., Virg. G. 3, 410: also absol., to keep 














dogs for h.ing, canes alere ad venandum, 
‘Yer. Andr. I, I, 30: Cic. See also 
HUNTING (subs.). Fig.: to hunt miserly 
widows (jor their money), viduas v. 
avaras, Hor. Ep. I, 1, 18: V. TO PURSUE, 
SEEK AFTER. 

hunt, hunting (subs.): 1, expr. 
by venor, L: when you go for ah., go a 
hing, quum venabere, Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 3 : 
Cic.: v. TO HUNT; and CHASE (subs.). 

2, vénatus, is (act of h.ing) : exer- 

tion tn h.ing, labor in venatu, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 34,98: to take (physical) exercise im 
h.ing, venatu corpore exercere, Plin. Ep. 
5 165 finds) Viret: Ove 3. venatic 
(= preced.): the stillness which ts neces- 
sary for h.ing, silentium quod vena- 
tioni datur, Plin. Ep. 1, 4, 2: Caes.: v. 
CHASE (subs.). Esp. of the hunts exhi- 
bited in the Circus: cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 
med., sunt venationes binae per dies 
quinque: Suet. Belonging to h.ing, 
necessary for h.ing, venatorius: h.ing 
equipment, instrumentum venatorium, 
Plin. Ep. 3, 19,3: Petr.: Suet.: v. foll 
artt. 

hunter: |. A person who hunts : 
venator: Cle.: Hor. Or expr. by pres. 
part. of venur; esp. in pl.: alarmed by 
the shouts of the h.s, venantum vocibus 
conterritus, Phaedr. 1, 12, 7: Curt. 1, 
12, ad init.: v. L. G. § 636. i. 4 
hunting horse: *equus venaticus: after 
anal. of canis venaticus : V. HOUND. 

hunting-box: perb. villa venatoria 
(domus venatica, Kr.; but domus is 
usu. @ town house): v. HUNTING (fin.). 
In somewhat sim. sense Curt. has ve- 
nantum receptaculum, 12, I, ad init. 

hunting-horn: cornu (venatorium)- 
V. HORN. 

hunting-pack : venantes, venantum 
comitatus: v. HUNTER (I.). 

hunting-knife : culter venatorius : 
Petr. 40: Suet. 

hunting-spear: vénabiilum: Cic. 
Fam. 4, 1, med.: Virg.: Plin. Ep. 

huntress; venatrix, icis (both as 
subs, and adj.): Virg.: Ov. 

huntsman: venator, etc.: Vv. HUNTER. 

hurdle: crates, is, f.: cowards they 
plunge in a morass, laying a h. a-top ef 
them, ignavos palude, injecta insuper ¢., 
mergunt, Tac. G. 12: Cato. Dimin., 
craticula, a small h., Cato: Mart. 

hurdy-gurdy: *instrumentum mu- 
sicum quod vulgo “hui dy-gurdy” ap- 
pellatur. 

hurl: 1, conjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 
(strengthened from jacio: esp. of @ 
number of persons hurling missiles) : 
his ineffectual dart he h.’d, telum im- 
belle conjecit, Virg. Aen. 2, 545: ib. 12, 
q11: they h.’d their missiles from the 
higher ground against our men, tela e 
superiore loco in nostros conjiciebant, 
Cic. B. G. 1, 26. 9. contorqueo, si, 
tum, 2 (stronger than conjicio, and 
strictly implying a rotary motion of the 
hand in throwing : chiefly poet.): with 
mighty force his huge spear he h.’d, 
validis ingentem viribus hastam con- 
torsit, Virg. Aen. 2, 52: Curt. a 
jaciilor, 1 (to dart as a javelin): to ob- 
tain praise for horsemanship, h.ing the 
javelin, equitando, jaculando laudem 
consequi, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45: (Hector) 
who hod the firebrands at the ships of 
the Danaans, Danaum jaculatus puppi- 
bus ignes, Virg. Aen. 2, 276. 
Vibro is to brandish, not to hurl) 

hurler; jacilator: Hor. Od. 3, 4, 56. 

hurling (subs.): conjectio: Cic. 

hurly-burly : tumultus: v. TOMULT. 

hurra: 1, vax (colloqg.): h.! I 
have it, evax! habeo, Pl. Cure. 1, 2, 
3: cf. id. Cas. 4, 4, 14. 2. 10 (a 
cry of triumph; also of grief}: esp. 
with voc. triumphe! Hor. Od. 4, 3, 49: 
h.! h.! I come to thee a free man, 
io! io! liber ad te venio, Epist. in Plin. 
Ep. 3, 9, 13. 

hurricane: __1, pricella @ny sud- 
den gale or squall): Cic.: Hor. E 
turbo, inis, m.: Vv. WHIRLWIND. (Or 
expr. by circuml., tempestas foeda, vis 
venti quam maxime accensa, cf. Liv 
21, 58.) 





HURRIED 


hurried (part. adj.)- 1, praeceps, 
cipitis (more hasty than is desirable): 
a h. departure, pr. profectio, Att. in 
Cic. Att. 9, 10, med.: h. flight, pr. fuga, 
Vell. 2, 85, fin.: utterance ready, but 
not h., promptum os, non p., Quint. 11, 
3,52. 2. praepropérus (not imply- 
ing blame): esp. with such subs. as 
celeritas, Liv. 31, 42, init.; festinatio, 
Cic. Fam. 10, 26, med. (but pr. prensatio, 
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1, is a premature canvass- 
ing). 8, citus (quick, hasty): h. gait, 
incessus c., Sall. Cat. 15, fin. : h. flight, c. 
fuga, Ov.M.1,543. 4, festinfitus (usu. 
of that which is brought on before tts 
time, as fruit, plants; also in gen. sense: 
poet.): a h. journey, f. iter, Ov. Pont. 
4,5, 8. Phr.- to make a h. march, 
agmen cursim agere, Liv. 27, 16, med. 

hurriedly; 1. raptim: J write this 
h., haec scripsi r., Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1: to 
march an irregular force h., tamultu- 
arium exercitum r. ducere, Liv. 5, 37, 
Jjin.: Plin. Q, cursim (in the manner 
of one running ; hence, without pausing 
or deliberating): to catch up (informa- 
tion) h., c. arripere, Cic, de Or. 2, 89, 
jfim.: cf. id. Phil. 2, 17, 42. (Cursim 
does not necessarily imply blame: cf. 
Tac. Ann. 4,4, etc.) 3, testinanter: 
Vv. HASTILY. 4, negligenter (without 
due thought and care): to do so import- 
ant a business so h.; tantam rem tam 
n. agere! Ter. Andr. 1, 5,18. Phr.: 
he h. assembles a few cohorts, citas co- 
hortes rapit, Tac. A. 12, 31: cf. ib. 4, 25, 
cohortes .. . cito agmine rapiuntur. 

hurry (v.): |. Intrans.: Me 
festino, propéro, 1 (neither necessarily 
implying blame); v. TO HASTEN. PJ. 
cuiro, ciicurri, cursum, 3 (of any hasty 
movement): he h.’d to Puteoli, cucurrit 
Puteolos, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3: Liv. 3. 
expr. by ago, égi, actum, 3 (with pron., 
refl., or in pass.: to h. along; go hur- 
riedly): whither are you h.ing? quo 
hinc te agis? Ter. Audr. 4, 2,25. whi- 
ther the whole multitude was h.ing 
alarmed, quo multitudo omnis conster- 
Nata agebatur, Liv. 10, 29, med. 4, 
ruo, i, ratum, 3 (to rush hurriedly, pell- 
mell) : whither are ye h.ing? quo ruitis? 
Hor. Epod. 7, 1, med. |]. Prans.: to 
force rapidly or violently along : ripio, 
ui, ptum, 3: whither are ye hing me? 
quo me rapitis? Pl. Men. 5, 7, 10: to h. 
any one before the praetor, r. aliyuem in 
jus, Hor. 5, 1, 9 77: vengeance h.s him 
through the midst of carnage, per medias 
r. ira caedes, Hor. Od. 3, 2,12. Fig. : 
to be h.'d far away from home (in 
thought), longe a domo rapi, Cic. Rep. 
2, 4, init. Fiequent. rapio, to h. along 
or violently: he is h.’d along at the will 
of the horses, arbitrio raptatur equorum, 
Ov. M. 2, 234. Ij]. Also trans., to 
expedite greatly or wnduly. expr. by 
advv, festinanter, raptim, cito: v. HUR- 
RIEDLY. (Virg. has properare in this 
sense, G. 1, 260: cf. Macr. Sat. 6, 8, 
med., where it is stated to signify co- 
actius et festinantius facere aliquid: fes- 
tinare with acc. is poet. ; v. TO HASTEN.) 
Phr.: do not h. the beasts too much, 
*jumentis ne insta nimis neve urge. v. 
TO URGE ON. 

— along: |. Intrans.: expr. 
by go, 3 (with pron. refl.): v. TO HURRY 


Cd; 2): |]. Irans.: rapto, 1: v. To 
HURRY (fin.). 
— away: |, Intrans.: 1 


expr. by abripio, 3 (with pron. refl.): 
he h.’d away so suddenly, ita abripuit 
repente sese, Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 22. a 
figio, figi, fugitum, 3 (with the notion 
of avoiding some one): the rascal h.s 
away, f. improbus, Hor, S. 1, 9, 73: 
(she) h.s away forthwith, f. [e conspectu) 
illico, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 108. 8. expr. by 
festino, prépéro do not h. away so, ne 
tantopere discedere festina, propera: cf. 
Cic. Fam. 9, 23, jim. (V. TO HASTEN) : 
also by advv., raptim, cito, festinanter: 
Vv. HURRIEDLY. lj. Trans.. 1B 
abripio, 3: to be h.’d away to punish- 
ment, in cruciatum abripi, Ter. Andr. 4, 
4,47: Pl. See also To HURRY (II.). 2, 
aufero, 3, i77.: V. TO CARRY AWAY. 





HUSBAND 


hurry about: _ 1. trépido, 1 (in 
alarm, excitedly): cf. Sall. Cat. 31, fes- 
tinare, trepidare. Fig.: of the rapid 
motion of a rivulet, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 21. 

2. curso, 1 (freq. of curro): to h. 

this way and that, c. ultro et citro, Cic. 
R. Am. 22, 60. Join: trepidare, cur- | 
sare [rursum, prorsum], Ter. Hee. 3, 1, 
35. Less freq., cursito, in same sense, 
Ter.: Hor. 8. discurro, i, and ci- | 
curri, cursum, 3 (of a number of per- 
sons; to rush hither and thither): the 
sailors h. about to their duties, d. nautae 
ad officia trepidantes, Petr. 114, init.: 
Caes.: Liv.: v. TO RUN. 
on: |. Intrans.: 1, ma- 
tiiro, 1 (esp. with iter)- they thought 
they ought to h. on the more, eo magis 
maturandum iter existimubant, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 63: also without iter, maturan- 
dum Hannibal ratus, Liv. 24, 12. 9: 
curro, 3 et: when you have thrice 
cast the dust upon me, you may h. on, 
licebit injecto ter pulvere, curras, Hor. 
Oder 238, fins Coit hran's: 5 Ue 
maciiro, 1 (with due expedition): Civ.: 
Caes.. v. supr. (L.). 2. praecipito, 1 
(unduly): to h. on the vintage, viude- 
miam pr., Col. 3, 21, ad jin. 3, insto, 
stiti, 1 (poet.): they were h.ing on (the 
manufacture of) the car and wheels, 
currum rotasque instabant, Virg. Aen. 
8, 433. 

ey (subs.): 1, festinatio: the 
h. of persons running to and fro, f. dis- 
currentium, Curt. 3, 8, ad fin.: we must 
take care not to use too much speed in 
our h., cavendum est ne in festinationi- 
bus nimias suscipiamus celeritates, Cic. 
Off.1, 36,131. Q, trépidatio. v, ALARM. 
Phr.. to be in a h., festinare, trepidare 
(v. TO HURRY, I.): what! in such a h. (so 
quickly), hui! tam cito, Ter, Andr. 3, 1, 
16 to do nothing in a h., nihil cursim, 
raptim, temere facere (v. HURRIEDLY). 








hurrying (aay) : perh, trépidus 
(moving tremulously): v. TREMBLING, 
FLICKERING. 


hurrying (subs.): Phr.: “there was 
h.to and fro,” *et jam discurritur, tre- 
pidatur- let there be no h. of the work, 
*ne quid praecipitetur operis: v. TO 
HURRY, and foll. artt. 

hurt (v.): A Era ns:: i 
Lit.: to cause suffering: 1, laedo, 
si, sum, 3 (to mar, wound, damage : with 
ace.): ah! may the cold not h. thee, ab ! 
te ne frigora |., Virg. E. 10, 48: Ov.: v. 
TOINJURE. Q, ndceo, 2 (to be hurtful 
to: with dat.): v. TO INJURE.  |j, 
Fig.. to wound any one’s feelings : of- 
fendo, di, sum, 3: to h. any one’s feel- 
ings by insult, contumelia of. aliquem, 
Cic. Att. 6, 3, med.: v. TO OFFEND, 
wounp. Phr.. to be h, (vexed) at any- 
thing, aliquid moleste, graviter, acerbe 
ferre, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 3: id. Verr. Act. 1, 58, 
152. B, Intrans.: to give pain: 
déleo, 2: ith.s me when I am thrashed, 
mihi dolet quum vapulo, Pl. Epid. 1, 2, 
44: Paetus, it (the wound) hs me not, 
Paete, non dolet, Arma in Plin. Ep. 3, 
16,6: Mart. 1,13: v TO PAIN. 

hurt (subs.): vulnus: v. WOUND, IN- 
gury. Todoh., nocere. Vv. TO INJURE. 

hurt (part. adj.): saucius: Vv. 
WOUNDED. 

hurtful; ndcens, noxius, nécivus, 
noxidsus (the last two rare): Vv, INJURI- 
ous. To beh., nocere. tobe in any wise 
h., nocere quidpiam, Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 86. 

hurtfully: nécenter: Cels.: Col.: 
VY. INJURIOUSLY. 

hurtfulness: expr. by verb or adj.: 
there is no doubt of the h. (of it), *non 
dubium est quin noceat, noxium (nociv- 
um) sit. 

hurtle: i.e. to dash together with a 
noise: *cum fragore collidi: v. TO DASH 
TOGETHER, CLASH. 

husband (swbs.): 1, miaritus (the 
usual and most specific term): Cic.: 
Hor. 9. vir, viri: I am undone: 
what answer shall I give to my h.? 
perii! quid v. meo respondebo? Ter. 
Hec. 4, 1, 1: because she had no h., 
propterea quod v. non haberet, Cic. | 
Verr. Act. 1, 25, 64: Hor.: Petr. 3: 

2C 





HYDROCEPHALUS 





conjux, tigis (poet.): Virg. Ov.. v 
SPOUSE. 4, (of a slave) contiibernalis. 
is Col. 12, 1. Phr.: to take a h,, 
nubere (with dat. of person). v. To 
MARRY. 

husband (v.): perb. parco, 3. v. To 
ECONOMIZE, SPARE. Phr.: he resolved 


| carefully to h. the supply of corn, fru 


mentum parce et paullatim metiri in 
stituit, Caes. B.G. 4,71 we must care- 


| fully h. the supply of corn, *frumentum 


parce admodum est dispensandum. 

husbandman. agricdla, cdlénus, 
frator: v. FAKMER. 

husbandry: agricultura, res rustica 
(or pl.): V. AGRICULTURE. 

hush (interj.): 1, st! (colloq.): 
Pl. Cic. often joined with tace, tacete, 
Pl. Cas. 2, 1, 5, etc. 9. tacé, tacété, 
quin taces, tacetis v SILENT, TO BE. 3, 
(preparatory to religious ceremonies) 
favéte linguis! (Gr. evdymety): Hor. 
(On Ee es ay 

hush: 1, comprimo, pressi, ssum, 
3 (to keep from getting abroad): to h. 
up any one’s faults, delicta alicujus c., 
Cic. Att. 10, 4,1: they did their best to 
h. up the report of the fall of Carthage, 
ex industria famam captae Karthaginis 
compresserunt, Liv. 26, 51. 2. célo, 
tégo, etc.. Vv. TO CONCEAL. See also TO 
STILL, APPEASE. 

husk: 1. follicilus an ear of 
corn has three parts, the grain, the h. 
the awn, spica tria hsbet continentia, 
granum, f., aristam, Warr. &. R 1, 48: 
Col.: also of other seeds, as the shell of 
the bean, fabae f., Petr. 135. 2, gluma 
(defined as tritici folliculus, Varr. 1. c.). 

8. siliqua (only of leguminous 

plants): the h.s and stalks of beans, 
fabae siliquae caulesque, Plin. 18, 12, 
30: Virg. v. Pop. 4, plitamen, inis, 
mn. (peeling or shell): hs of beans, 
fabarum putamina, Petr. 135. 

husky: perh. fuscus- cf. Quint. rr, 
3, 15, where vox fusca is opp, © vox 
candida. so Cic. N. D. 2, 58,146. Ifa 
temporary state of the voice be meant, 
perh. subraucus (somewhal hoarse): v- 
HOARSE. (Vox aspera, Quint.|c., is a 
harsh, rough voice.) 

hustings: perh. suggestus, suggest- 
um Vv. PLATFORM. (At the Roman 
Comitia the votes were taken in fenced 
enclosures called septa.) 

hustle: inter se trudere atque pul- 
sare v. TO ELBOW, JOSTLE 

hut: tigiirium, tectum (informe, 
miserum, etc.). Vv. HOVEL, COTTAGS. 
Phr.: winter h.s for soldiers, biberna- 
cula, Liv. 5, 2, init. 

hutch: perh. ddlium: used for keep- 
ing dormice, Varr. R. R. 3, 12 (R. and 
A.): or perh. better, ciivea, a cage for 
beasts or poultry, Cic. Div. 2, 35, 73° 
Virg.: Vv. CAGE. 

huzza: io, Gvax! v. HURRAH. 
also ACCLAMATION. 

hyacinth: (?) hyacinthus or -os, i, 
m.: Virg. (it is doubtful whether the 
flowers are the same). 

hyacinthine; byacinthinus: Cat. 
Pers. 


See 


hyads: 1, hy’ides, um, f.. Cic.: 
Ov. 9. siiciilae, arum . cf. Cic. N. D. 
2, 43, 111: Plin. 

hyaena: hyaena Plin. 8, 30, 44. 


hyaline (adj.): hyalinus: Capell. 

hybrid: j, hibrida or hybrida 
(an animal of cross breed): Plin. 8, 53, 
79. Applied to persons of mixed race, 
Hor, S. 1, 7, 2: Auct. B. Afr. ra 
expr. by bigénérus, a, um: mules are 
hs, muli (sunt) bigeneri fatque insiticii }, 
Varr. R. R. 2, 8: A.s, b. animalia, Fest. 
in P, Diac. s. v., where the term is ex- 
plained by, ex diverso genere nata, 

hydra: bydra, ae, f.: Cic.: Ov. 

hydraulic: bydraulicus: h. machines, 
h. organa, Plin. 7, 37. 38. 

hydraulics: *hydraulica, orum. 

hydrocele: bydrocéle, és, f.: Mart. 
12, 83: Cels. uses the Gr. form, 7, 18. 

hydrocephalus: bydréctphalus, i: 
M. L.: Cels. uses the Gk. form, obi 
humor cutem [capitis] inflat, vSpoxe 
¢adov Graeci appellant, 4, 2, = 

385 


HYDROGEN 


hydrozen *principium hydrogéni- 
um (Kr.) as scient. ¢. ¢., h. gas, *gas 
hydrogenium (Kr.). 

hyaromancy, hydrémantia- Plin. 

hydromel : bydréméli, itis, z.: Plin. 
14, I], 20. 

hydrovhobia; hydréphobia: Coel. 
Aur, Cels. uses the Gr. torm, solet ex 
©o vulnere aquae fimor nasci wdpodo- 
Bay Graeci appellant. Ov. has the p et. 
circuml., formidatae aquae (pl.), Pout. 1 


3, 24. 

hydrophobic hydréphobicus : Coel. 
Aur 

hydrostatics | *hydrostitica, orum: 
ast t. 


hygrometer. *hygrdmetrum: as¢.¢. 

hymen: Hymen, Hyménaeus: Cat.: 
Ov. The two are of-en joined in invo- 
cations, Hymen, O Hymenaee! Cat, 
62 Ov 


hymeneal: 1, Hyménéius (very 
rare) Capell. 2. nuptialis, e. v. 
NUPTIAL. A h. ode, Hymenacus, Ter. 


Ad. 5,7,6(H.canere) Cat.: Lucr. 
hymn (subs.) 1. bymnus (not 
class., but best word to denote a Chris- 
tian h.). Vulg. Eph. v.1g Prud 2. 
carmen, inis, m. (any ode or poem) : 
(they are wont) to sing a h. to Christ as 
a God, c. Christo quasi Dev dicere, Plin. 
Ep. 10, 96 (97), 7- : 
hymn (v.): cano, cécini, cantum, 3: 
cf. Hor. Od. 1, 10, 5, te canam or 
expr. by circum!  -armina alicui dicere: 
v. preced art. (Hymunifico, 1, unclass. . 
Commud.) 
hymnal, hymn-book; *hymnorum 
liber or perh. *hyimnale, is, x. 
hymnology: expr. by hymnus: a 
treatise on h. *de hymnis [divinis]} 
scriptus liber. 
hypallage; hypallageé, es, f.: Serv. 
ad Aen. 3, 61. 
hyperbaton : 
Quint. 8, 6. 62. 
hyperbole: hyperbdlé, és, f.; or-a, 
ae: Cic. Top. 10, fin.: Quint. 8, 6, 68: 
fur which Cic. has the definition, veri- 
tatis superlatio atque trajectio, de Or. 3, 
53, 203; and Quint., decens veri super- 
jectio, 1. c. 
hyperbolical: Phr.: h. expressions, 
superlata (verba), Cic. Part. 15, 53; 
“quae per hyperbolen dicuntur. (Not 
hyperbolicus.) 
hyperbolically: *per hyperbolen. 
{Hyperbolice, Hier.) 
hypercatalectic: hypercatalectus, 
e.g., versus: Serv.: Prisc. 
hypercritic (cf. foll. art.); Ari- 
starchéus: Varr. L. L. 8, 34, § 63. 
hypercritical: Phr.: a h. person, 
who lays stress on almost every word, 
cui nullus est finis calumniandi et cum 
singulis paene syllabis commorandi (al. 
commoriendi), Quint. 8, prooem. 31: to 
be h., judicio nimis acri subtilique uti, 
ef. Gell. 7, 3, ad init.; fastidii nimis de- 
licati esse (habitually so), cf. Cic. Fin. 
1,2,5 wnsipid and h. examination. in- 
sulsa nimis et odiosa scrutatio, Gell 9, 
10, jin. nd 
hypercritically: per _calumnias, 
Gell. 7, 2: or sometimes, iniqué (un- 
fairly), cf. Gell. 7, 3, fin. more fully, 
*inique ac nimis subtiliter; nimis cu- 
riose, curiosius: cf. Quint. 8, 1, 2. To 
guage h., calumniari, v. preced. art. 
hypercriticism : 1, perh. [ni 
mia] calumnia: cf. Quint. fo, 1, 115; 
and Gell. 7, 2, per calumnias rimari. 
2. judicium nimis acre ac subtile. 
Vv CRITICISM. 
hyphen; hyphen, indecl.: Diom. (in 
soinewhat different sense from the 
Eng.). 
hypocaust: 1. bypdcaustum or 
-on,i: Plin. Ep. 2,17,11 Vitr. 5, 10, 1 
al, hypocausis). 2, hypdocausis, is, 
g Pevatre Loe: 3 (?) vaporarium ; 
Cic.Q Fr 3,1,1. 
hypochondria. perh. atra bilis (Gr 
ueAayxoAia), regarded as the source of 
madness, cf. Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11 or as 
med. ¢. t., hypochondria (strictly a part 


hyperbaton, i, 7. : 





ICE 


hypochondriacal; mélancholicus 
Vv. MELANCHOLIC. Phr. 
saniae Moesto quodam genere laborare. 
hyvocrisy; j, Ingen.sense 1, 
similativ ( pretending to be what one is 
not): the natural dispositim of erery 
man ts concealed by coverings of h. 
simulationum involucris tegitur natura 
uniuscujusque, Cic. Q. Fr 1, 1, 5 V 
PRETENCE. Q. dissimilatio (the hid- 
ing of what one really is)* Join: simu- 
latio dissimulatioque (the two express- 
ing the tull idea of h.), Cic. Off. 3 15, 
init. Phr .a@ man made up of h. and 
lies, homo totus ex fraude et mendaciv, 
Cic. Clu. 26, fin. I. With ref. to re- 
ligion *pietatis erga Deum simulatio; 
pietas ficta, simulata v supr (1.). 
hypocrite. simulator, dissimulator 
(for syn. v. preced. art. 1.); Join sim- 
ulator ac dissimulator, Sall. Cat. 5. 
(Hypocrita, Vulg. Matt. xxiii. 13, etc.) 
hypocritical: 1, similatus in- 
similatus v. PRETENDED. 9. fictus 
you remember his h. looks, fictos ejus 
simulatosque vultus recordamini, Cic. 


Clu. 26, fin. : 
hypocritically; 1, similaté. Cic. 
2. ticté: Cic.: v preced. art. 


hypothesis; “hypothésis, is, f. (not 
class., and only to be used in scient. 
sense). 1 don’t frame hypotheses, h non 
fingo, Sir 1. Newton Cartes. Spinos. 
Phr.: on this hypothesis, quo posito, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 8, 29: mere hypothesis, ra- 
tiones eae, quae ex conjectura pendent, 
quae disputationibus huc et illuc trah- 
untur, Cic. Acad. 2, 36, 116. (N.B.—In 
common phras., sententia, opinio, may 
serve: whichsoever h. he accepts, quam- 
cunque sententiam probaverit, Cic. Ac. 
2, 37, 119. V OPINION.) See also sup- 
POSITION, CONDITION 

hypothetical ; bypothéticus (as phil. 
t.t.)- Apul.. Cartes. In common phras., 
expr. by circuml., ex [mera] conjectura 
pendens, quod conjectura [sola] nititur: 
v. preced. art. 

hypothetically: Phr.: tolay down 
anything h., aliquid ponere, sumere: vy. 
TO ASSUME. 

hyssop: hyssopus, i, f.. Cels.; hys- 
sdpum, Plin. 

hysteria; exanimatio volvae, Plin. 
32, 3, 133 suffocatio volvae, id. 20, 5, 15. 
(But hysteria is used as med. ¢. t.: dd. 
ad Cels. 4, 20, I.) 





IDEAL 





ice (v.): Phr. to 7%, water, aquam 


to be h., (?)in- vitro in nives demissam refrigerare, 


Plin. 31, 3, 23 (for which, 18, 4, 19, § 2, 
he has hiemare, i. e. to freeze, ct. id. 9, 
22, 38, hiemato lacu, when the lake is 
Frozen over): iced drinks, nivatae po- 
tiones, Sen. N. Q. 4, 13, 9- iced water 
Jor the hands, aqua in manus nivata, 
Petr. 31: a@ vessel for icing, lagona 
nivaria, Mart. 14, 116, /-m.: *vas in quo 
liquor nivibus circumjectis refrigeratur, 
ct. Meurs. ad. Macr. Sat. 7, 13, med. 
iceberg: ‘*glaciei niviumque con- 
creta strues. } 
ice-cold: gélidissimus: v COLD, rcy, 
ice-house ; reponendae nivis ;glaciei) 
officina; Sen. N. Q. 4, 13, 8. 
icicle: 1, stina: a bristling i., 
s. horrida, Virg. G. 3, 366- Plin. 2: 
stalagmia Plin. 34, 12, 32. 


ichneumon . ichueumon, 6nis, m.° 
Plin. Cic. 

iconoclast: perh. *simulacrorum 
eversur 


icy: 1, glacialis, e 7%. winter, g. 
hiems, Virg. Aen. 3, »85 the i. breezes 
of the North wind, Boreae g. aurae, Val. 
Fl. = Q,_ gélidus (ice-cold, frosty): 7. 
water, gelidissima aqua, Plin. 31, 2, 6 
Cic. Virg. v COLD, FROSTY. 

idea: |, Hlatumic: 1, idéa (Gr 
téea) the t, ts the eternal type, i. est ex- 
enplar aeternum, Sen. Ep. 58,15 Macr 
T, 14, med. (Cic. uses the Gr word). 

2, spécies, @i (appy. the current 
Latin equiv.). cf. Cic Top. 4, init. 
(N.B.—Not to be used in gen. or abl. 
pl. \Cicileres) 38. forma: cf. Cic. 
Top, 1. ¢., formae sunt quas Graeci 
i6eas vocant: to be used rather than 
species in gen. and abl. pl. 4, ex- 
emplar, aris, m. (GK. wapaderywa). cf. 
Sen. Ep. 58, 15 (supr.). I]. 4 concep- 
tron, notion: 1, ndtio: nature has 
impressed upon the minds of all ani. 
of gods, in omnium animis deorum n, 
impressit natura, Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 43. 
V. NOTION. (For innate idea, v INNATE.) 

2, notitia (more definite than pre- 
ced.): to have some 7. of God, habere n. 
aliquam Dei, Cic. Leg. 1, 8, 24: V. NO- 
TION. 3. spécies, Gi (like pears 
there dwelt in his mind an i. of 
quence, insidebat in ejus animo s. elo- 
quentiae, Cic. Or. 5, 18: @.s inconsistent 
with the truth, s. aliae veris (al. veri), 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 208. 4, imago, inis, /. 


hysterical: hystéricus: Mart. 11, | (a kind of mental picture): my mind 


"1,1. H. women, vulvarum conversione 
suffocatae (mulieres), Plin. 20, 22, 87: 
h. affections, exanimationes s. suffoca- 
tiones, Plin.: v. preced. art. 


F. 


AMBUS: iambus,i: Cic.: Hor. 
iambic: 1, iambicus: Diom.: 

M. L 2. iambéus. Hor. Jambic 
verse or tambics, iambi, orum:- Hor. Od. 
1,16, 23 Plin.jun. Phr.: in @. verse, 
pede ter percusso, Hor. S. 1, 10, 43. 

ibex: ibex, ibicis: Plin. 

ibis: ibis, is, f.: Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 
126 Plin. (Rarely, ibis, idis Ov. 
Ibid. 59.) 

ice (subs.): _—1,_ glaclés, éi, f.: slip- 
pery, smooth, hardened, deep-frozen %., 
g. lubrica, lévis, durata, alte concreta, 
Liv. 21, 36: 7% melts, g. diffundit se [li- 
quefacta et dilapsa], Cic. N, D. 2, 10, 26: 
Hor 2, gélu, is, n.; also gélus, i, m.; 
gélum, m. (more usu. = frost, q. v)° 
to guess at the thickness of the t., gelus 
crassitudinem conjectare, Plin. 8, 28, 
42 the loud crash of the %., geli multus 
fragor, Lucr. 6, 155. (N.B.—For pur- 
poses of luxury the Romans used snow : 
cf. sen. Ep. 95, 25, aestiva nix.) Cold 
as vu. (in lax sense), gelidus, Cic. (Vv 
COLD, Icy): to make a thing as cold 
as v., aliquid ad nivalem rigorem per- 
ducere, Macr Sat. 7, 12, med.: to drink 
water that is as cold as 7., aquan: potare 
rigentem, Mart. 14, 11" to be as cold 


shrinks back from the t. of such a crime, 
norret animus tanti flagitii imagine, 
Tac. even barbarians have some i. of 
justice present to their mind, justitiae 
barbaris quoque apparet aliqua i., Quint. 
25 20.55% 5, informatio. v CONCEP- 
TION (IIL, 2). Phr.: to form an i. of 
the nature of (a thing), intelligere et 
cogitatione complecti quale sit, Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 22, 51: you may jorm an i 
how wearied out I um, concipere animo 
potes quam simus occupati, Plin. Kp. 3, 
9, 24 (Vv. TO CONCEIVE). not to be able to 
form the faintest %. of a thing, aliquid 
ne suspicione quidem attingere posse, 
Cic.N. D 3, 25, 64. [Il]. 4 thought : 
sententia (esp. when expressed in a con- 
cise form, a maxim): acute i.s, crowded 
together, acutae crebraeque s., Cic. de 
Or. 2, 8, jin.: cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2, ad- 
sunt (ei) aptae crebraeque sententiae. 
Sometimes res (matter) may serve thus 
Cic. describes Thucydides as, ita creber 
rerum frequentia (so rich in ideas) ut 
verborum numerum sententiarum nu« 
mero consequatur, de Or, 2, 13, 56, 
Phr.. association of i.s, *rerum cogi- 
tatarum (animo s. mente comprehensa- 
Tum) inter se consociatio the modes of 
association of i.s are numberless, *infin- 
itis modis quae cogitamus inter se con- 
sociantur. (N.B—By no means asso- 
ciatio idearum in philos. language, idea 
must be used only to represent the Pla- 


tonic idé€a v supr.) 
ideal (adj.) |. Conformed to the 
type (Vv. IDEA, I.) 1, perfectus (often 


in conjunction with another word) (he 


of the body near the ribs\: vy. Forceli. | as i. (colloq.), perh. totum frigere, Ter. | 2. orator, orator ‘plenus atque? perfectus, 


& Vv. 
386 


Ph. 5, 8 5. 


Cic. de Or 1, 13 fin . who can attain 





IDEAL I Diy 






















to that i. per fectim, quis ad ista summa 
atque in omni genere perfecta potest 
pervenire? Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 130° the 7. 
description uf vrtue, expleta et per- 
fecta forma honestatis, Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 
tnit. So, rv. pefetion, perteciio abso- 
lutioque (¢. g., in oratore), ib. 1, 28, 
fin. 2. optimus (with ref. to exer!- 
lence): those » ho consider the subject of 
discussim (in the Republic of I’tato) to 
be the i. comnum: ea'th, qui de optima ci- 
vitate agi existimant, Stallb. Rep. pref. . 
the t. shovmaker, optimus (ille) sutor, 
Michel. Arist. bth. 1, 7, 8. 8, aniver- 
salis, e (noi class.) . (het. man, opp. to the 
individual, homo univ, h. singularis, 
Michel. ad Arist. hth. 1,6: v UNIVERSAL, 
I]. Connected with the Platonic doc- 

trine of ideas: Phr.- thet. philosophy, 
*Platonica illa ratio; idearum s. forma- 
rum (aeternarum) doctrina. Ill. #e 
lating to thought: quod animo s. mente 
comprehenditur, concipitur: v. (pea (LL. 
fin.); To conceive.  |V, Visionary: 
commenticius (-titis): V. IMAGINARY. 

ideal (subs.): 1, expr. by per- 
fectus, optimus, etc.: to attain to one’s 
t., quod optimum atque in omni genere 
pertectum videtur attingere, based on 
Cic. (v. IDEAL, adj.): all have not the 
same 7., *non omnibus eadem optima 
videntur. Esp. in connexion with forma, 
species (v. IDEA, 1.): the t. of virtue, ex- 
pleta et p. forma honestatis, Cic. Fin. 2, 
15, wnit. 2, exemplar, aris (with ref. 
to the Platonic ideas): Sen. Ep. 58. 16. 

3. spécies, Gi (v. rea, L): we will 

sketch out the t. of excellence in oratory, 
excellentis eloquentiae s. [et formam] 
adumbrabimus, Cic. Or. 14, 43. (So 
forma: v. supr. 1.) Phr.: the Cyrus 
of Xenophon is written, not with his- 
torical accuracy, but to give an t. of 
just government, Cyrus ille a Xeno- 
phonte non ad historiae fidem scriptus, 
sed ad effigiem justi imperii, Cic. Q. Fr. 
I, I, 8. 

idealism: *idealismus qui dicitur; 
i.e. eorum opinio qui nihil extra men- 
tem existere statuunt. 

idealist: *qui nihil omnino praeter 
animum affectionesque ejus existere 
Statuit: v. preced. art. 

identical; idem, éadem, idem ; unus 
atque idem: usu. foll. by qui, atque 
(ac): v. L. G. § 620: v. SAME. 

identification: expr. by phr.: v. 
foll. art. 

identify: |. 7 prove to be the 
same; to hold to be the same: Phr.: he 
at once i.s the stolen property, *furta 
statim inventa sua esse declaravit, de- 
monstravit (cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, 171): 
they i. the expedient and the honourable, 
*utile unum atque idem quod honestum 
esse statuunt. ||. Zo recognise ; esp. 
with ref. to persons: aguosco, novi, 
nitum, 3: Vv. TO RECOGNISE. 

identity: expr. by idem: he estab- 
lishes the i. of the defendant, *reum 
ipsum eundem esse [argumentis] con- 
firmat: Jam convinced of my personal v., 
*mibi persuasissimum est ipsum me eun- 
dem esse hodie qui antebac fui. 

ides: idis, uum. f.: the t. of March, 
i. Martiae, Cic.. Caes.. Hor. (who adds 
the ornamental epith. octonae, S. 1,6, 75). 

idiocy : v. (prorey. 

idiom: 1, propriétas linguae [e. g. 
Latinae, Graecae]: Charis. 5, p. 256, 
fin.: Kr. 2. idioma, Aatis, m. (dat. 
and abl., -is or -ibus): as Gram, ¢. ¢. 
Charis. |. c.: defined as, quae pro nostro 
more efferimus, et non secuti Graecos; 
quae proprietate linguae Latinae di- 
cuntur, id. lc. 3, consuétido: Charis 
Le. p 257. Phr.: these ave Greek i.s, 
haec propria sunt Graeci s* rmonis, Kr. 
*a Graecis huec ratio dicendi est de- 


Phr.: a thoroughly 7%. Latin 
*sermo vere Latinus (ef. Quint. 10, 1, 
44. dicta vere Attica); se:mo Latinae 
linguae ingenio [pruprietatique] accom- 
muodatus. 

1 iomatically. ex proprietate lin- 
guae alicujus: v. IDIOM. 

idiosyncrasy : *proprium alicujus 
ingenium : cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 17. 

idiot : 1, fatuus (strictly, one 
quite incapable): a fool I believe 1am; 
but I don't think Iam an i., egomet me 
stulrum existimo; f. me won opinor, 


= foolish: Join: fatuus et amens, 
Cic. Deivt. 7, 21. 9. bucew, duis, m. 
cf. Pl. Bace. §, 1, 2, stulti, stolidi, tatui, 
fungi, bardi, blenni (drivellers), buc- 
cones: Apul. 3, homo excurs. v. 
MAD, INSANE. 

idiote’: fatuitas (sheer folly or in- 
fatuation) : Cic. Inv. 2, 32, 99. 

idiotic; fatuus: Ter.- Vic.: v. IN- 
SANE. 

idle (adj.)+ —_ |, Not employed [see 
also IDLE, TO BE}. 1, Gtidsus: they 
stood as t. spectators of the calamity, 
spectatores 0. se praebuerunt calamitatis, 
Cic. Off. 2, 7, extr.. I fear the mmey 
must lie 7., pecuniue vereor ne otivsae 
jaceant, Plin. Ep. 10, 63 (62)- as applied 


regular business : V. LEISURE (adj.) 2, 


mentes, Virg. G. 3, 3: Cic.: v. UNEM- 
PLOYED. 


chaeram f. gestitare, Pl.. cf. Cic. N. D. 
1, 37, wit. 4. segnis, e (in this sense 
not of persons: poet.). to indulge in it. 
repose, s. otia ducere, Ov. Pont. 1, 5, 43: 
a. years (in which nothing memorable is 
done), s. anni, Albin 5, déses, idis 
(doing nothing, when there is plenty to 
be done: nom. sing. not found): ve sit 
2. at home, sedemus d. domi, Liv. 3, 68, 
med.: V.INACTIVE, 6, ignavus (poet.): 
winter is an %. time for the farmer, 
hiems ign. colono, Virg. G. 1, 299. Il. 
Averse to work: ignavus, segnis, Iners: 
v. Lazy. |||, /neffectual, useless: 1, 
vanus: 7. prayers, v. preces, Ov. M. 9, 
682: Hor.: v. VAIN. 2, irritus’ 2. 
words, i. verba, Cat.: Hor.: v. FRUIT- 
LESS. 8, inanis, e: 7 rumours, in- 
ania famae, ‘T'ac. Ann. 2, 76. 

—, tobe: 1. cesso, 1: (you) have 
been t. enough hitherto, cessatum usque 
adhuc est, ler. Ad. 4, 4, 23: Liv. 
Join: nihil agere et cessare (of the 
gods of Epicurus), Cic. N. D. 3, 39, fin. 

9, vaco, t (to be disengaged; uith- 
out regular business: cesso implies 
backwardness in work): Cic. Fam. 12, 
30, ad init.: Hor. 8, sédeo, sédi, 
ssum, 2 (to remain inactive): esp. with 
deses: Vv. IDLE (1.,5). See also IDLY. 

idle (”.): cesso, 1: v. preced art. 
Phr.: to i. avay time in banquets, 
in conviviis tempus terere, Liv. (but 
tero does not necessarily imply blame): 
v. TO SPEND. 

idleness: |, Doing nothing: 1, 
ces-atio: to find a sly opportunity for 
i., furtum cessationis quaerere, Cic. Fam. 
16, 26: there is no room for %., non datur 
c., Pl. Poen. 4, 2, 103. 9, otium: v. 
LEISURE. I]. Indisposition for work : 
ignavia, désidia, segnitia: v. LAZINESS, 
sLoTH. Phr.: busy ¢., inanis discursus, 
inepti labores, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 7. 

idler: 14, cessator, /. -trix. a good- 
for nothing i. (Vacus), nequam et c., 
Hor. S. 2, 7, 1co: Cic. Or expr. by 
part. (v. L. G. $628) they (the bees) 
chastise the indolence of the 7.8, cessan- 
tium inertiam castigant, Plin. 11, 10, ro. 

2. homo ignavus, segnis, etc.: v. 
LAZY. 


ducta. (N.B.—Not idiotismus: v. Lat. idly: |. Inactively: 1, seg- 
Dict. s. v.) niter (dilatorily, slovly): Join: seg- 
idiomatic: 1, expr. by proprius, | niter, otiose, negligenter, Liv. 2, 58. 


propriétas~ 7. expressions, quae [ Latinae, 
etc.| linguae propria sunt; quae ex 
proprietate linguae dicuntur, proferun- 
tur’ v. IDIOM. 2. vernaciilus (home- 
grown, savouring of home): an t. cast 
of expression, sapor V., Cic. Br. 46, 172. 


2. expr. by dridsus, déses (doing 
nothing: comp. L. G. § 343). ought we 
to look i. on, an oportet nos desides se- 
dere atque spectare? v. IDLE (L., 1, 4). 

Il. Without effect: expr. by vanus, 
irritus v. FRUITLESSLY 


Poet, in Isid. Or. 10, 246: in gen. sense | 


style, | 





to time, otiosus denotes freedom from | 


vacuus* to engage the i. mind, v. tenere | 


IF 

idol: |. A payan deity: 4, 
Iddlum, also -on, i Vulg 1 Cor. viii, 
1. Tert. 2. -imillacrum. v. mace. 

Il. Fig.. anything devtedly lived: 

amores, déliciae) /mpry my i, Pom- 
prius nostri amores, Cic. Att. 2, 16, 2 
your t, Roscius, amores ac deliwiae tuae, 
Roscius, Cic. hiv. 1, 36,79. Phr.: the 
t. of the whole people, erga quem sum- 
mus pupuli amor; cui cuncii iavent, ef, 
Cic. Att. 2, 21, 3 he becume at ouce the 
t. of the army, primo statim advent 
onmem ex: rcitum in se convertit, Liv, 
21, 4, tnit.: her myi, totum me tenet, 
habet, possidet, Plin. Ep 1, 16,1. my 
t., ille amicus noster, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2. 

idolater : 1, iddlolatres (or -tra), 
ae, m : Vert. de Idol.; Vulg : but the 
Vulg more freq. has idulis serviens : 
ct? yiGor wwe 44. 2. *simulacrorum 
cultor; qui (quae) simulacra deorum 
colit, veneratur, veneratione prosequi- 
tur: v. TO WORSHIP. 

idolatrous: iddlélatricus Tert.: 
usu. be’ter expr. by circuml.: ¢. prac- 
tices, *quae ad falsorum deorum cultum 
pertinent; idolorim ritus, caeremonia 

idolatry; idoldlatria: Tert.: usu. 
better expr. by circumL., *simulacrorum 
cultus ac veneratio. to be devoted to i., 
idolis servire, Vulg.: v. IDOLATER. 

idolize: i. e. to be passivnately fond 
of : dépéreo, 4, irr. (lit. to be dying jor: 
with acc.): Ter. Heaut. 3, 2,14: Join 


| deamare, deperire, Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 37. 


3, fériatus (keeping holi- | 
day): to let one’s sword hang %., ma- | 





Comp. rpox (LL) 

idyl: idyllium or édyllium (Gr. «i- 
SvAAvov): Auson. 
if: 1, si: (i) with indic. (mere 
assumption: L. G. § 424, 1): uf you 
wish, I will produce witnesses, si vis, 
testes dabo, Cic.: if we follow nature as 
our guide, we shall never go wrong, na- 
turam si sequemur ducem, nunquam 
aberrabimus, Cic. (ii.) with subj. (im- 
plying probability or possibility: L. G. 
§ 424, 2, sqq.): if I wished, I could not 
possibly yo away, si velim, abire hinc 
nullo facto possim, Pl... 1f it had hap- 
pened otherwise, si aliter accidisset, Cic, 
(N.B.—Si is often used elliptically with 
the subj. to express a wish: Uh! if Ju- 
puter would but restore my past years, 
O mihi praeteritos referat si Jupiter an- 
nos! Virg. Aen. 8, 560: Hor.. where, 
gaudeam, or some such verb, may be 
supplied: comp. Gr. et yap.) (ili.) with 
the verb understood (esp. in a negative 
alternative, si minus): lead forth with 
you all your partisans ; if not all, as 
many as may be, educ tecum omnes 
tuos; si minus, quam plurimos, Cic. Cat. 
I, 5, 10 (in which connexion, oft. sin 
minus): either nobody, or if any one he 
+. -, aut nemo, aut si quisquam, ille 
as) =f CIC--AIn- 25.9 9. to introduce 
a contrary alternative, sin (—si ne: if 
not, if on the contrary): t/ he had dis- 
approved, why had he allo ed the law 
to be passed? if, on the contrary, he had 
approved, why ....¥% si improbasset, 
cur ferri passus est? sin p'obasset, cur 
-...? Caes. B. C. 1, 32: Cic.: if other- 
wise, sin aliter (the verb being under- 
stood), Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 66; sin secus, PI.- 
if not, sin minus (with or without a 
verb expr.), Cic. Inv. 2, 29, 88: Att. 9g, 
15 (the ellip ical constr. is better fitted 
for colloquial lang.). for which, in the 
epist. style occurs also, sin (alune)> ef. 
Cic. Att. 16, 13, med., si pures inter se, 
quiescendum ; sin, latius manabit. Sin 
is often strengthened by autem, vero: 
Cic.. Col. (N.B.—Ic is not indispensable 
that ~in sboule be preced d by si; but 
the preceding member of the sentence 
must in some way present an alterna- 
tive: cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 32, orat ac postu- 
lat, remp. suscipiant [first alternative] 
.... Sin tinmiore defiugiant, if however 
they are afraid tu do that... ). 3. 
sometimes expr. by particip. clause: J 
praise her (Fortune) if she remains ; if 
(on the contrary) she shakes her swift 
wings... + laudo manentem; si ce- 
leres quatit pennas... ., Hor. Ua. 5, 
29, 55: if admitted to view, could ye re- 
frain from laughter? spectatum ad 

387 


IF, AND 


IGNORANT, TO BE 


ILL-BRED 








missi, risum teneatis? Hor. A. P. 4: 
eimly. an adject. may be used hypothe- 
tically: if fortune be adverse, he hopes ; 
if propitious, he fears a change of lot, 
sperat infestis, metuit secundis alteram 
sortem, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 12. 4, sive, 
seu (whether. ...orif): (i.) Si.--- 
sive (seu): if trunks of trees, or if ves- 
sels were floated down by the barbarians, 
si arborum trunci, sive naves essent a 
barbaris missae, Caes. B. G. 4, 17, extr.* 
Pl.: v. or. (ii) sive (seu) without a 
preceding si (rare): I demand, or if % 
be right (to say so), I entreat you...» 
postulo, sive aequum est, te oro... » 
Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 19: with seu, Virg. 
Aen. 11, 327. (iii.) sive (seu)..-- 
sive (seu): ef. Hor. Od. 3, 4, invt., sew 
(or if) voce nunc mavis acuta, seu fidi- 
bus, etc. : Cic. (who uses the form sive): 
Quint. : v. WHETHER. 

if, and: quod si cr quodsi, in a nega- 
tive sentence, quod nisi, quod ni (de- 
noting that the hypothesis introduced 
depends in some way on what precedes 
may sometimes expr. but tf, if indeed ; 
being chiefly used where a greater em- 
phasis is to be used): ef. Cic. Mur. 2, 4, 
quodsi portu solventibus ii... -, quo 
tandem me animo, etc.: ib. 3, 6, quodst 
tum, quum respublica desiderabat, vici 
naturam et vehemens fui... . - nunc 
quanto tandem studio debeo....: 
Nep. Hann. 1, quod nisi domi civium 
suorum debilitatus fuisset (¢f indeed he 
had not been weakened), Romanos vi- 
detur superare posse. 

— but; sin, sin autem: v. IF (2). 

—, even: étiamsi. v. ALTHOUGH. 

— indeed: 1. si quidem or si- 
quidem (esp. in making a concession, 
and parenthetically): U fortunate com- 
monwealth! if indeed (if really, Gr. 
eiye) it have ejected this refuse, O for- 
tunatam remp., si quidem hance sen- 
tinam ejecerit! Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7: but 
siquidem oftener = seeing that, q. Vv. 

2. quodsi (to introduce a new hy- 
pothesis): v. IF, AND. 

— only: dummido: you will relieve 
me of great fear if only there be a wall 
between me and you, magno me metu 
liberabis, d. inter me atque te murus 
intersit, Cic. Cat. I, 5, 10: V. PRO- 
VIDED. 

igneous: igneus, ignis naturam ha- 
bens, ignea natura praeditus: v. FIERY. 

ignite: |, Trans.: to set on fire: 
accendo, 3: Vv. TO KINDLE. I. In- 
trans. to take fire: ardesco, exar- 
desco, excandesco: v. FIRE, TO TAKE. 

ignition: expr. by verb: v. TO 
IGNITE. 
_ ignoble: |. Of descent, origin: 
J, ignobilis, e (implying absence of 
honorary distinction): the i. reign of 
(Ser.) Tullius, Tulli ig. regnum, Hor. S. 
1, 6, 9. Liv. Join: inglorius atque 
ignobilis, Cic. Tusc. 3, 24, init. 9. 
obscurus: of 7. birth, [humili atque] 
obs. loco natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 70, 1815 
obs. ortus majoribus, id. Off. 1, 32, 116. 
I, In moral sense, low, base: in- 
hinestus, turpis, dégéner, etc.: v. DIs- 
HONOURABLE, DEGENERATE. 

ignobly: inhoneste, turpiter: v. DIs- 
HONOURAELY, 

ignominious: 1. turpis, e (most 
gen. term): Vv. BASE, DISHONOURABLE. 

9, contiimélidsus (usu. in act. sense, 
insulting (q. v.]: also of events, involv- 
ing affront and contumely): an %. (or 
humiliating) war, c. bellum, Vell. 3. 
igndminidsus (involving disgrace): %. 
Jlight, ign. fuga, Liv. 3, 23; %. discharge 
(of a soldier), ign. missio, Modest. Dig. 
49, 16, 3, § 1. See also DISGRACEFUL. 

ignominiously: 1. expr. by ig- 
nominia: to discharge soldiers %., (mi- 
lites) cum i. dimittere, Liv. 3, 5, extr.; 
ab exercitu ignominiae causa removere, 
Auct. B Afr. 54: to punish any one t., 
aliquem ignominia afficere, Suet. Aug. 


24. 9. ignominiosé (rare): Eutr.: 
Arn. 3. turpiter: v. BASELY, DIS- 
GRACEFULLY. 


ignominy: ignominia [v. preced. 
art j, turpitudo, dedécus: V. DISGRACE. 
388 





Phr.: to be covered with 7., infamia fla- 
grare, Cic. Verr. Act. I, 2, 5: cf. ru- 
more malo flagrare, Hor. S. 1, 4, 125. 
ignoramus: 4ui omnino rudis est 
literarnm ; expers omnibus literis. 
ignorance: 1. ignoratio (usu. 
with ref. to definite things not known, 
objectively ; whereas ignorantia denotes 
a state of the mind, subjectively): v. of 
causes, ign. causarum, Cic. When igno- 
rance in gen. sense is meant, rerum may 
be added (cf. L. G. § 595): to be in a 
state of extreme t. [in summo errore 
atque] ign. maximarum rerum versari, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 1, extr.: Curt. 2. igno- 
rantia (Cic. prefers ignoratio): « of lite- 
rature, ign. literarum, Cic. Fl. 20, 46: 7. 
of the ground, ign. loci, Caes. B. C. 3, 
68: Ov. (N.B.—Ignorantia is said to 
mean culpable ignorance ; ignoratio, ig- 
norance of what one has had nu means 
of Inowing: Habicht, § 522 But ?) 
3, inscientia (partial iynorance , 
imperfect knowledge: ef. Cic. de Or. I, 


46, 203, neque solum inscientiam meam, | 


sed ne rerum quidem magnitudinem 
perspicit): the deity cannot even have 





the excuse of 7., Deo ne excusatio qui- | 


dem est inscientiae, Cic. N. 1). 3, 37, 
extr, Join: error atque 
Cic. Inv. 1, 2, tit. 4, inscitia (lack 


inscientia, | 


| of gudgment or practical knowledge) : %. | 


of business, negotii gerendi ins., Cic. | 


Prov. Cons. 5, 11: cf. Ter. Phr. 1, 2, 27. 


Sometimes appy. = inscientia, cf. Cic. | 
de Or. 1, 22, 99, earum rerum quae | 


quasi in arte traduntur inscitia. Phr.: 
to keep any one in t,, celare aliquid ali- 
quem (v. TO CONCEAL; and L. G. § 243): 
to be in i., nescire (V. IGNORANT, TO BE). 

ignorant: |. Not knowing or 
acquainted with: 1, ignarus (most 
gen, term: usu. with gen., less freq. with 


rel. clause, or acc. and inf.): t. of phy- | 
sical science, physicorum ign., Cic.: 7. | 


of the worth of virtue, ign. quid virtus 
valeret, Cic. Sext. 28, 60. J am not t. 
that many will say, non ign. sumus 
multos dicturos ... ., Cic. Tusc. 2, I, 
3. 9. inscius (used with ref. to dif- 
ferent degrees of ignorance: constr. like 


| preced.): Socrates pretends to be i. of 


everything, S. se omnium rerum ins. 
fingit [et rudem], Cic. Br. 85, 292: %. of 
what was going on, ins. quid gereretur, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 77, init.: nor am I t. that 
there is utility in history, nec sum insc. 
esse utilitatem in historia, Cic. Fin. 5, 
19, 51. Absol., 7. persons (opp. to scien- 
tific physicians), homines inscii impe- 
ritique, Cic. Fin. 2, 5, fin. 3, nescius 
(= ignarus: but chiefly poet.: constr. 
like preced.) : 7. of destiny, n. fati, Virg. : 
Plin. Ep. Also Cic. has, nescius sum 
(= nescio), foll. by acc. and inf. cf. 
Fin. 1, init. noneram n.... fore. The 
sequence of a rel. clause is poet.: Ov. 

4, impridens, ntis (not aware of : 
esp. used where such ignorance is at- 
tended by some error or mischance): %. 
of the law (and so breaking it), imp. 
legis, Cie. Inv. 2, 31, 95: @. of the reli- 
gious restriction (and so transgressing), 
imp. reiigionis, Liv. 31, 14, med. See 
also IGNORANT, TO BE. Il. Generally 
destitute of knowledge : ], indoctus : 
i. and boorish, ind. et agrestis (opp. to 
humanus et politus, Cic. Part. 25, 90): 
an i. man, however highly gifted, homo 
ind. quamvis sit ingeniosus, Auct Her. 
4,46, 59. Rarely with gen., Hor. A. P. 
380. 2. impéritus (uwnpractised, not 
versed in): ¥. INEXPERIENCED. Cuomp. 
supr. (L., 2, eX.). 3, riidis, e: v. UN- 
ACQUAINTED. 

—., to be: 1. ignoro, 1 (foll. by 
direct acc. of persons or things; also ace. 
and inf. or rel. clause: when attended 
by a negative, by quin): those who were 
i. of the man, qui illum ignorabant, Cic. 
Acc. 2, 2, 4: who was t. that Pompeius 
had concluded a treaty, quis ignorabat 
P. fecisse foedus? Cic. Rep. 3, 18: the 
king being i. which of the two was 
Orestes, ignorante rege, uter eorum esset 
Orestes, Cic. Am. 7, 24: whois t. (=no- 
body is i.) that there are three races of 








genera sint? Cic. Fl. 27,€4. 2, nescio, 
ivi and ii, itum, 4 (like preced., but 
more collog.): be the soul air or fire, I 
am i. (cannot tell), anima sit animus 
ignisve, nescio, Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 60° 
Ter.: Ov.: to know Latin or be 1. of it, 
Latine scire, nescire, Cic. Br. 37, 140. 
ignorantly : |. Without being 
aware: ]. expr. by inscius, insciens, 
impriidens, ignarus (cf. L. G. § 343). 
whom ye have 7. seat to death, quem vos 
inscii ad mortem misistis, Cic. Ph. 9, 5, 
10: if I have offended, I have done so 2., 
si peccavi insciens [imprudens] feci, 
Ter. Heaut. 4,1,18. 2, imprudenter: 
Vv. UNAWARES. 3. per ignOrantiam . 
Suet. Cal. 41, where, however, a depend. 
gen. scripturae is added. ll. in an 
ignorant manner : L indocté: to 
act i., ind. facere, Cic, N. D. 2, 16, 44. 
Gell. 2. impérite: Join: imperite 
absurdeque, Cic. Rep. 2, 15: Vv. UNSKIL- 
FULLY. 3. inscité (in a blundering, 
awkward way): Cie.: Liv. 4, insci- 
enter (in a@ manner displaying igno- 
rance): Cic. Top. 8, 33. 
ignore: perh. praetéreo, 4, i77.: V 
TO PASS BY, OMIT. 

Tliad: Ilias, adis, f.: Ov.: Cic. (who 
writes the word as Gk., malorum ’IAcas, 
Att. 8, IT). 

ill (adj.): |. Zvil: malus: v. 
BAL. ||, Inillhealth: 1, aeger, gra, 
grum (used both of the body and the 
mind) : so exceedingly il as to be almost 
given over, ita graviter ae. ut medict 
diffidant, Cic. Div. 1, 25, 53: tll with the 
gout, ae. pedibus, Sall. Cat. 59: ill health, 
ae. valetudo, Cic. 2, aegrotus (only 
of the body): to visit any one when ill, 
ad aliquem aegr. venire, Cic. Fam. 9, 14 
V. SICK. 

—, to be: 1, aegroto, 1: to be 
seriously, dangerously, ill, vehementer, 
graviter, gravissime aegrotare, Cic. ; 
mortifere aegr., Plin. 2. expr. by 
morbus and a verb: to be seriously ill, 
ill of w fatal malady, m. gravi et mor- 
tifero affectum esse, Cic. Div. 1, 30, 63; 
morbo laborare, ib. Fin. 1, 18, 59 (fig-) ; 
mortifero m. urgeri, id. Fat. 9,17; in m. 
esse, id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9: V. DISEASE (1). 

3. expr. by valétado and a verb; 
valetudine affectum esse, Caes. B. C. 1, 
313; v. tentari, Cic. Att. 11, 23: Vv. 
ILLNESS. 4, cubo, ui, itum, 1 (to be 
confined to bed): to be lying ill of indt- 
gestion, ex duritia alvi c., Suet. Ner. 34, 
jin.: Hor. 5, jaceo, ui, 2 (like pre- 
ced.: rare and late): Julius Valens is 
seriously ill, J. Valens graviter j., Plin. 
Ep. 5,9, 2: Tib. 

—, to fall, be taken: in morbum, 
foll. by various verbs: e.g. incidere, Cic. 
Clu. 62, 175; cadere, id. Tusc. 1, 32, 
extr.; incurrere, id. Fin, 1, 14,473 de- 
labi, id. Att. 7, 5, init. Phr.: he fell 
ill of a complaint, which...., nactus est 
morbum, quem...., Nep. Att. 21: he 
was twice taken ill with epilepsy, comi- 
tiali morbo bis correptus est, Suet. Caes 
45: Tac. 

—, to lie: cibo, jaceo: v. ILL, 
TO BE, 

ill (subs.): malum: v. EviL, Phr.: 
to wish any one ill, alicui male velle, 
Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 13: to speak il of any 
one, maledicere alicui, Cic.: Hor. (v. TO 
REVILE). 

ill (adv.): j, malé: ‘tis tll with 
me, mihi m. est, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 9: cf. 
ILL (subs.). 2. pravé, sécus fae 
wise than is desired) : V. BADLY. 

ill-advised; inconsidératus, incon- 
sultus, témérarius: Vv. INCONSIDERATE, 
RECKLESS. 

ill-affected: aliénatus, aversus, etc. : 
¥. DISAFFECTED: also ILL-DISPOSED. 

illative; illativus: 2. parteles, il. 
particulae, Diom. 

ill-boding: infaustus, sinister, fi- 
nestus: Vv, INAUSPICIOUS. 

ill-bred: 1, inhumanus (deficient 
in what belongs to a gentleman): to 
seem i. (by reason of being absorbed in 
thought), in. videri, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144 
who more insolent, mure i., more huughty, 


Greeks, quis ign., quin tria Graecorum | quis contumacior, quis inhumanior, quis 





ILL-BREEDING 


ILL-TEMPERED 


ILLUSTRIOUS 





superbior ? Cic. Verr. 4, 78, 192. Join: 
nihil] agreste, nihil inbumanum, Cic. 
tt. 12, 46. 2, agrestis, e eee. 
than preced.): V. BOORISH. inur- 
banus Cic,. v. mMPOLITE. 
ill-breeding; inbimanitas (cf. pre- 
ced. art.) Cic. Or expr. by adj., mores 
inbumani, incommodi, parum comes: 
cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 78, 192 V. IMPOLITE. 
ill-disposed: 1, malévélus, comp. 
-entior, entissimus: 7%. persons have 
spread reports, rumores distulerunt ma- 
levoli, Ter. Heaut. prol. 16° foll. by 
dut., Cic. Fam. 2,17,2. Join. male- 
volus, iniquus, invidiosus, Cic. 2. 
aliénus: V. UNFRIENDLY. §, malignus 
V. JEALOUS, ILL-NATURED. 4, male 
Animatus. foll. by erga, Suet. Vit. 7: 
cf. Cic. Ph. 9, 5, 12. 
illegal: 1, quod contra leges fit: 
cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 19, (Illegitimus 
has no authority.) , illicitus: 7t. 
exactions, il. exactiones, Tac. Ann. 13, 


51. Phr. wt.canvassing, ambitus, us: 
V. BRIBERY 
illegally: 14, contra leges. Cic. 


de Or. 3, 19, 69. 2. illicité: Dig. 
Phr.: a consul il. appointed (with some 
flaw in the proceedings), vitio creatus 
consul: v. INFORMALLY. 

illegibility: perh. difficultas legendi, 
Tisch. pref. N. T 

illegible : *quod (facile, commode) 
legi non potest (Kr), If so through the 
ink having faded, *(prorsus) evanidus : 
Tisch. de Cod. Ephr. 

illegibly ; *ita ut literae discerni non 

int ; quod nemo legere possit. 

illegitimate: a: Contrary to law: 
V. ILLEGAL. Il. Tech. term in logic, 
not according to the rules: *haud legiui- 
mus, vitidsus an tl. process, *ratio haud 
legitima, modus disserendi s, ratiocinandi 
haud ad legem dialecticam accommodatus 

cf. Sen. Ep. 82, 19). your conclusion is 

al., *vitiose istud concluditur. ||], ot 
born in lawful wedlock : non légitimus 
Quint. 3, 6, 103: for which the Gk. term 
ndthus (vos) was also used: cf. Quint. 
1. c. § 97, nothum, qui non sit legitimus, 
Graeci vocant- Latinum rei nomen non 
habemus, ideoque utimur peregrino, 
(Spurius denotes the offspring of a free- 
woman by an unacknowledged father 
Dig. 1, 5, 23.) 

ilegitimately: contra legem, etc. : 
V. preced. art. 

ill-fated; 1. infelix, icis: v. uN- 
LUCKY. Q, miser: v. UNHAPPY. 3, 
funestus (fraught with death and ruin) : 
Cic. ; Vv. FATAL. 

ill-favoured: turpis, e: v. UGLY. 

ill-gotten: male partus: tl.-g gains 
soon waste, male parta male dilabuntur, 
prov. in Cic. Ph. 2, 27. 

ill-health; viléttido: v ILLNEss. 

liberal: illibéralis, milignus, sor- 
didus: Vv, NIGGARDLY, MEAN. 

illiberally ; illibéraliter (in a man- 
ner unworthy of a gentleman) : Ter, ! 


Cic. 

illicit : 1, illicitus 7. love, il. 
amor, fac. Ann. 12, 5° Lucan. 9. 
furtivus ; i. love, f. amor, Virg. Aen. 4, 
171° Ov. 8. vétius: Virg. Aen. 
6, 623. (Illicit sexual intercourse with- 
out marriage, stuprum, Papin. Dig. 48, 


ae) 
illicitly : illicité: Dig. 
illimitable: infinitus: v. iNFINiTe. 
illiterate: 1, illitératus (having 
little knowledge of literature): cf. Sen. 
Ben. 5, 13, 4 (the utterly il., ex toto 
s. omnino rudis, Sen. Ll. c.); Cic. 9. 
riidis literarum Gell. 13, 16, fin.: cf. 
Sen. lL. c. supr. Join: rudis et sine 
literis, Plin. 18, 29, 69,9284. 3, omnis 
eruditionis [doctrinae] expers atque ig- 
narus. Cic, de Or. 2, ‘it. (where the 
ref. is to special cultui¢). 4, agram- 
miitos, on (rare) Viu. 5, indoctus: 
¥. IGNORANT (IL, 1), UNLEARNED. 
ill-made: 1. informis, e (not 
having a proper form, shapeless): Liv. 
2. male perfectus s. elaboratus : cf. 
male tornatus, Hor. A. P 441. (Rudis 
denotes that on which labour has not 
been bestowed ; in the rough.) 


ill-matched : 1, impar, piris: 
more fully, impar congressus (with dat.), 
Virg. Aen. 1, 475. 2. inaequalis, e: 
ill-m. steers, juvenci in., Ov. 3, dis- 
par, paris: Sil.: v. UNEQUAL. 

ill-nature: 1, importinitas: 7. 
and churlishness male every time of life 
a burden, i. et inhumanitas omni aetati 
molesta est, Cic. Sen. 3, 7. Q, diffi- 
cilis natura Nep. Att. §. init. 3 


milignitas; Vv. JEALOUSY (comp. foll. | 
artt.). 
ill-natured: 1. miilignus (apt to 


withhold that which is another's due): 
to do anything out of an ill-n. spirit, 
aliquid m. mente facere, Cat. 68, 37: 
ill-n. tavern-keepers, caupones m., Hor. 8. 
1, 5, 4 (v. Orell. ad 1.): v JEALOUS; 
NIGGARDLY. Q, malévdlus (animated 
by ill-will) : Ter ; Cic. Vv, ILL-DISPOSED. 
8. ()illibéralis, e (unbecoming a 
JSree-man or gentleman): cf. Cic. Fam. 
13, 1, fin.: Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 3. 
ill-naturedly: 1. maligné (for 
syn. v. adj.) to say anything i., aliquid 
m. dicere, Plin. Ep. 1, 5,12 to speas ca- 
lumniously and i., muledice ac m. dicere, 
Liv. 45,°39, ad fin. 2, malevolo 
animo: Vv, ILL-NATURED. 
illness: 1. morbus (the complaint 
itself; whereas the foll. synn. denote the 
state of health): v. DISEASE. Q, valé- 
tiido~ toavail oneself of the excuse of %., 
valetudinis excusatione uti, Cic. in Pis. 
6, 13: long and obstinate 7., longa et 
pervicax v., Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 1: more 
fully, gravitas valetudinis, Cic. Fam. 6, 
2, init. (N.B.—Valetudo is a vox media, 
and must be used with caution: v. 
HEALTH.) 8, invalétido (extr. rare) : 
Cic. Att. 7, 2, 2. 4, aegrotatio: as 7. 
in the body, so is grief in the mind, ut 
aeg. in corpore, sic aegritudo in animo, 
Cic. Tuse. 3, 10, 22. 
illogical: quod contra legem dia- 
lecticam est: cf. Sen. Ep. 82,19. Phr.: 
to make %. statements, repugnantia, con- 
traria, parum consentanea dicere: v. 
CONTRADICTORY 3 LOGICAL. 
illogically; contra legem dialecti- 
cam, minime ex lege dialectica’ v, pre- 
ced. art. ; and LOGICALLY. 
ill-omened: 1, dirus (appy. the 
proper augural term). viscera without a 
“head,” most t. of all, exta sine capite, 
quibus nihil videtur esse dirius, Cic. Div. 
2, 15, fin.: cf. xii. tab. in Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 
Jin., quaeque augur injusta, nefasta, viti- 
osa, dira defixerit: 7% birds, d. aves, 
Plin. 18, 1, 1: Virg. 2. infaustus 
(chiefly poet.)- <Allia, %. name, Allia 
nomen inf., Virg. Aen. 7, 717: Ov.: 
more fully infaustus omine, ‘lac. H. 1, 
6: v. INAUSPICIOUS. 3. obscaenus 
(chiefly poet.): 7. birds (owls), obs. volu- 
cres, Virg. Aen. 12, 876: an i. portent, 
obs. ostentum, Suet. Gal. 4: more fully, 
obscaeni ominis: Fest. s. v. Alliensis. 
4, infélix, icis (pcet.): 7. portent, 
monstrum inf., Virg. Aen. 2, 245. 5. 
tristis, e: most %. viscera, exta tristis- 
sima, Cic. Div. 2, 15, fin.; Virg. 6. 
mali s. obscaeni ominis: v. OMEN, re 
Inauspicatus : v. INAUSPICIOUS. 
ill-temper: 1. iracundia, a habit 
of mind, whereas ira denotes simply @ 
state: Cic. Tusc. 4,12: cf. Sen. Ir. 1, 4: 
Vv. ANGER. Q. acerbitas (sourness of 
disposition): to vent upon any one the 
venom of %.,apud aliquem evomere virus 
a. suae, Cic. Am. 23, 87: V. BITTERNESS. 
3, stémachns Grae peevish- 
mess): a letter full of %. and fretful- 
ness, plena s. et querelarum epistola, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8, init.: to do anything 
through veration and i., bile et s. ali- 
quid facere, Suet. Tib. 59, extr. 4. 
Amaritido: Quint. 10, 1, 117. ef. foll. 
art. 5, morositas: v. MOROSENESS. 
6. cérébrum (irritability) : Hor. S. 


Ty(9; iit. 
ill-tempered : 1. iracundus. v. 
PASSIONATE. Q, Amarus (bitter, sour): 


old-age makes me more i., amariorem | 


me senectus facit, Cic, Att. 14, 21: 
Ter. 8. fcerbus (sour, crabbed): cf. 
Gigs IN, Din 3; 3150 Fie) We SOUR, 4, 
stémachdsus* Cic.: Hor. Vv. PEEVISH. 





5, difficilis, e (hard to please): a 

t. old-man, d, senex, ler. Heant. 3, 2, 2 
also, difficili natura [homo], Nep. Aut 
5, init. Join- morvsus et iracumdu 
et difficilis, Cic. Sen. 18, 65. 6, mo 
rosus V. MORUSE. 

ill-temperedly : stémichdsé ; 
| stomachans, stumachabundus — v. 
VISHLY. 

ill-trained: perh. riidis, impéritus 
Vv. INEXPERIENCED. 

illume r] 1. collustro, 1 (rare) 

illumine § the sun, illuminating the 
world with his light, sol omnia luce col- 
lustrans, Cic, N. D. 2, 36,92. Q. illus 
tro, 1 (also rare in lit. sense)» where the 
sun 7.8 the habitable vealms, ubi sol 
habitabiles il. oras, Hur. Od. 4, 14, 5. 
Join: ear (al. coll-) et 
complere, Cic, Rep. 6, 17. 8, lustro, 1 
(poet.) Virg. 4, illiimino, 1 (rare): 
Plin. For fig. sense, v. TO ENLIGHTEN. 

illuminate: J. 7 Jill with light: 
Vv preced, art. Il. Yo adorn with 
lights, fires, etc. : festis luminibus, lych- 
nis, taedis, ignibus orno, decoro, ete.: 
Vv. TO ADORN 

illuminated (part. adj.): *colori- 


als 
PEE 





bus ac picturis distinctus s. ornatus 
(liber). 
illumination: j. Ve act of fllu- 


minating : expr. by verb: v. TO ILLU- 
MINATE, I]. A show of festal lights, 
etc.: *festi lychni, ignes, etc.: v. FESs- 
TIVE. Il] The practice of decorating 
MSS.: *ars libros coloribus pieturisque 


distinguendi s. ornandi. IV. Fig.: 
V. ENLIGHTENMENT (11.). 

illusion: 1. error (any kind of 
Jalse impression) : Cic. Ov.: ¥. ERROR. 


2. somnium (strictly, a dream: 
hence, anything unreal): the is of a 
sick man, aegri somnia, Hor. A. P. 7: 
cf. Lucr. i, 105, fingere possum somnia 
quae vitae rationes vertere possint. 3, 
spécies. @i (esp. of appearances in 
dreams); cf. Lucr. 1,126. More fully, 
vana sp., cf. Hor. A. P. 7. 4, expr. 
by adjj., vauus, non verus~ deceived by 
7.8, corruptus vanis rerum, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
25: (popularity) is an empty 7., tamida 
res est (et) vana, Sen. Ep. 84, 11: ¥. 
ILLUSORY, UNSUBSTANTIAL. 

illusive 1, vanus. v. VAIN; 
illusory fand preced.art.extr. Q. 
non verus: a brief and i. pleasure, 
brevis et non v. voluptas, Ov. Pont. 1, 
2, §3: V. UNSUBSTANTIAL. Phr.: the 
hope proved t., spes frustra fuit, Sall. (fr.). 
illustrate; illustro, 1 (to shed light 
upon a subject): to explain and i. an 
obscure and unknown point of law, jus 
obscurum atque ignotum patefacere et 
il., Cic. See also TO EXPLAIN. Phr.: 
to t. a subject by instances, exempla 
alicujus rei proferre, adducere, sup- 
ponere ; cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 51, fin. 
illustration: |, The act of illus- 
trating: expr. by verb. v. preced. art. 
|]. An example for illustration: 
exemplum: Cic. Inv. 2, §1, jin. 
illustrative; ad rem illustrandam 
s. apertiorem reddendam idoneus, aptus: 
v. preced. art. 
illustrious: 1, clarus (famous 
or distinguished in any way): t. by 
descent and achievements, c. genere et 
factis, Liv.: ¢. professors, c. professores, 
Suet.: a most 7. victory, victoria claris- 
sima, Cie. Jain: [viri] clari et hono- 
rati, Cic. Sen. 7, 22: ampli-simus et 
clarissimus, id. de Or. 1, 45, 198. 2: 
illustris, e (brought prominently for- 
ward, enjoying distinction): the name 
of Themistocles is more i. (better lenown) 
than that of Solon, Themis'oclis nomen 
quam Solonis illustrins, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75. 
(At a late period, illustris was an hono- 
rary title of sena'ors of the highest rank 
but in the best ages, the senators were 
all styled clarissimi.—torc.) 8. in- 
clitus, also, -¥tus, -iitus (poet.). Virg. 
Vv. RENOWNED. 4, cé#léber, bris, bre: 
Vv FAMOUS, CELEBRATED. 5. splen- 
| didus (highly distinguished : esp. of one 
wha belonging t2 a less eminent class, 
enjoys distinction beyond the rest): 
Maecenas. belonging to an equestrian 


38g 





ILLUSTRIQOS, TO BE 





but yet i. family, M. equestri sed sp 
zenere natus, Vell. 2, 88. cf. Cic. Fin. 
2 18. 58, C. Plutius, eques Romanus 
splendidus. 

illustrious, to be- 1, clareo, 
ai, 2 (rare and poet.) - Enn. in Cic. Sen. 
4 Claud. Q. Gniteo, Emineo, 2: Vv. 
DISTINGUISHED (TO BE). 

—, to become: 1, claresco, 
ui, 3 (rare). ‘Tac. G. 14. Claud. B. 
notesco, ui, 3 (te become 1 ell-knoun or 
notorious): Prop. Also comps., eno- 
tesco, Suet.; innotesco, Ov. 

—, to make: 1, illustro, 1 
(somewhat rare in this sense):  ervius 
Galua of consular rani rendered the 
family 7., familiam illustravit Ser. Galba 
consularis, Suet. 3: cf. Cic. Arch. 9, 21, 
qui libri etiam P. R. nomen illustrant 
(shed distinction upon it). 2. claro, 
£ (poet.): him no Isthmian toil shall 
render %., illum non labor Isthmius cla- 
rabit, Hor. Od. 4, 3, 4. 3, nodbilito, 
I (to render well-known, shed distinc- 
tion upon): by that statue he rendered 
Cnidus %., illo signo Cnidum nobilitavit, 
Plin. (Or expr by circuml.: he was 
the first to render his family i., by 
attaining to the consulate, *primus fami- 
liam suam nobilem reddidit, consularem 
dignitatem adeptus.) 

illustriously; perh. clare (v. rare) - 
cf. Nep. Att. 1, clarius exsplendescebat. 

image (subs.): |. The likeness of 
something : 1, effigies, Gi ani.ofa 
bacchante in stone, saxea ef, bacchantis, 
Cat. Fig.: (a son) the i. of his (father’s) 
refinement and integrity, ef. et bumani- 
tatis et probitatis, Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 58° 
V. LIKENESS. 2. similacrum (esp. a 
poe of a deity): v.infr 8, imago, 

» J. (esp. a portrait or bust of any 
one): Fig.. a faint (shadowy) 7. of 
glory, adumbrata gloriae i., Cic. Tusc. 
3, 2, 3. often used of images which 
present themselves to the mind: v. 
IDEA (II., 4). — . A figure of a deity: 

1, simulacrum: i.s of monstrous 
size, S. immani magnitudine, Caes. B. G, 
6, 16: the most sacred is of the gods, 
deorum s. sanctissima, Cic. Div Verr. 
Tj3 seuwac. Q, iddlum or -on, i (not 
class.): Tert.- Vulg.. v. met. (N.B— 
Not imago in this sense, though Suet. 
has dimin. imaguncula, for a small 
image: effigies refers to the likeness 
conveyed rather than to the figure itself: 
ef, Tac. H. 2, 3, fim., simulacrum Deae 
non effigie humana, not in the likeness 
of a human being.) Sometimes the 
name of the deity may be put for the 
image: cf. Ov. Fast. 1, 20t, Jupiter 
totus, a full-sized image of Jupiter 

Ul. 42 appea.ance presenting itself 
tothemind : spécies, imago: v. mea (I1.). 

IV. A lively presentation of any- 
thing in figure: 1. imago: this tv. ts 
not so very wide of you, haec a te non 
multum abludit i., Hor. S. 2, 3, 320. ef. 
Sen. Ep. 59, 5. 2. perh. spécies, €i. 
ef. Hor. A. P. 8. 

image-breaker: V. ICONOCLAST. 

image-worship: V. !potaTry 

imagery: expr. by imago, spécies 
what charming 7. is his, *quam venustae 
in eo imagines s. species rerum. v. 
IMAGE (LV.). 

imaginable: quod animo fingi, con- 
cipi potest Vv TO IMAGINE, 

imaginary : 1, commenticius, 
-tius (the product of the imagination) : 
tn /'lato’s i. commonwealth, in illa c. 
Platonis civitate, Cic.de Or 1, 53, fin. : 
t. stories \ fictions), c. fabulae, Cic. N. D. 
3, 24, Vb Join: commenticius et 
fictus, (ic. 2. imaginarius (unreal, 
opp. to what is bond fide): 7%. fasces, i. 
fasces, Liv. 3, 41, tnif.: an 7%. sale, i. 
venditio, Paul. Dig. 18,1,55. 3, fictus, 
falsus: v FICTITIOUS, FALSE. 

imagination : |. The faculty : 

1, nearest word, cdgitatio (with 
something in the context to define the 
kind of mental operation: v Nagels. 
Stil. p. 29): form tn your %. a picture of 
this my condition, fingite cogitatione 
imaginem hujus conditionis meae, Cic. 
Mil. 29, 719. to form an idea of any- 

399 








IMBIBE 


thing by the 1., cogitatione aliquid de- 
pingere, Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 39 (let that 
mon rise for a moment before your 7., 
exsistat ille vir parumper c. vestra [quo- 
niam re non potest}. Cic. Bal. 20, 47 
Quint. 2. *phantasia (without class. 
authority, but needed as special term) : 
jive of 7, plhantasiae incitativ et calor, 
Kichst. in Kr.- to be carried auay by 
one’s 7., phantasiae vi abripi, id. Some- 
times the pl. may serve he charms us 
by his ;lay o/ 7., *venustissimis suis 
phantasiis delectat nos (in this sense, 
the word is nearer its class. use: v 
Lat. Dict. s.v.). Phr.: to be so devod 
of 7., tam procul a concipiendis imagini- 
bus rerum abesse, Quint. 8, 3, 65 the 
whole scene is presented to the 7., tota 
rerum iimago exprimitur et oculis men- 
tis ostenditur, cf. Quint. 8, 3,63. (N.B.— 
Not imaginatio, which is used in very 
diff. sense: v. Lat. Dict. s. v) Il. 
That which is conceived: Imago: v. 
supr. fin. See also mea (iL), con- 
CEPTION, 

imaginative: expr. by imago, phan- 
tdsia. 7. pouver, ea vis animi qua conci- 
piuntur rerum imagines, cf. Quint. 8, 3, 
65: an t. work, *liber phantasiis, ve- 
nustis rerum imaginibus refertus. 

imagine: |. Zo conceive imagi- 
natively < 1, fingo, nxi, ctum, 3 (to 
shape or fashion: usu. with animo or 
cogitatione) do but 7., for our thoughts 
are free,....do but %. my condition, 
fingite animis, liberae sunt enim cogi- 
tationes nostrae .... fingite cogitatione 
imaginem conditionis meae, Cic. Mil. 29, 
79: also absol., esp. poet.: 7% you see 
my tears, lacrimas finge videre meas, 
Ov. Her. 4, extr.s Tib. 2, 6, 51. Y 
concipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (with animo, 
mente): such a noise as cannot be id, 
fragor qui concipi humana mente non 
posit, Plin. 33, 4, 21 § 735 with rel. 
clause you may t. how I am wearied 
out, concipere animo potes quam simus 
fatigati, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 24: v. TO CON- 
CEIVE: and cf, IMAGINATION. 3, ima- 
ginor, 1 (to picture to oneself: not in 
the best authors): to 7. and form a von- 
ception of the (truly) eloquent man, elo- 
quentem i. ac fingere, Quint. 12, 1, 21 
Plin.: also foll. by rel. clause, J 7%. the 
applause which awaits you, imaginor 
qui clamor te maneuat, Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 7. 

Il. Zo invent, devise : comminiscor, 

mentus, 3 (usu. in bad sense). Epicurus 
i.d an idle race of gods, Epicurus Deos 
nihil agentes commentus est, Cic. N. D. 
2, 23, 59. II], Collog. fo think: pito, 
Opinor: Vv. TO THINK. 

imbecile (adj.) : |. Weak (of the 
mind): imbécillus, less freq imbécillis, 
e. the superstition of an 2. and doting 
mind, superstitio imbecilli animi atque 
anilis, Cic. Div 2, 60, 125+ v FEEBLE. 

Il. Zdiotic: fatuus: v. rp10T. 

imbecile (swis.): fatuus v. rpror. 

imbecility : imbécillitas animi Caes. 
B. G. 7,77. med. (but the phr. is scarcely 
so strong as the Eng.: cf. Plin. Ep. 4, 
18, accidit hoc imbecillitate ingenii mei) ; 
V. FEEBLENESS, WEAKNESS. 

imbibe: |. Lit.. to drink in, ab- 
sorb: 1. combibo, i, 3. to 7. salt (of 
olives sprinkled with it), salem c., Col. 
12, 47, fin.: to t. poison thioughout the 
Frame, toto corpore c. venenum, Hor. 
Od. 1, 37, 28. 2. imbibo, i, 3 (rare) 
Vv. TO INHALE. 8, bibo, i, itum, 3 
(poet. and late) to 7. smole (of wine in 
jars), fumum b., Hor. Od. 3, 8,11 to7z. 
a colour (in dyeing), culorem b., Plin, &, 
48, 73. 4, expr by pass. of imbuo, 
i, tum, 3 (fo steep): the aroma which 
it (the wine-jar] has once i.d, quo semel 
est imbuta (odore), Hur. Ep. 1. 2. 69 
Ov. See alsoTO DRINKIN. jf, Fig. 
to receive into the mind : 1. expr by 
imbuo, 3 (as pass. refl., also with pron. 
refl.: implying that the mind is deeply 
tinctured or pervaded by something): 
to t. various errors, variis erroribus im- 
bui, Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2- tastes which one 
has i.d from early youth, quibus studiis 








IMITATE 
imbibo, 3 (to give admission to the 
mind : te v1. (form) a bad opinion of 
aug une, de aliquo malam opinionem 
animo i, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 14. fin. 3, 
combibo, 3 (stronger than imbibo) ¢0 
i. in early yeurs, dum quis tener est, c., 
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, fin. 4. sigo, xi, ctum, 
3 (to suck in, as milk) ct. Cic. Lure. 3, 
I, 2, ut paene cum lacte nutricis errorem 
suxisse videamur. §, expr. by inficio, 
féci, tec um, 3 (lit. to dye: hence like 
imbuo, v. sup .): toi.e:voneous opinions, 
Opinionum pravitate infici, Cic. Tusc. 3, 
2, 3. cf. id. Fin. 3, 2, jfin., puer jam 
imfict iis artibus, quas si, dum tener est, 
combiberit, etc. 

imbitter, etc. v. EMBITTER, ete. 

imbrue: 1, imbuo, 1, itum, 3 (fo 
steep: most freq. in p. part. pass.) to i. 
one’s suord in crime, gladium scelere 
(=caede) i., Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 20° this 
year the hands of soldiers were first i.d 
in the blood of a consul, hoc primum 
anno sanguine consulis militis imbutae 
manus sunt, Vell. 2, 20  Cic.: Liv. 

2. cruento, 1 (to stain with blood) : 

to t. one's hands in blood, se caede 
[nefaria] cr., Cic. frag.: manus (suas) 
sanguine cr., Nep. Ep. jin. 3. madé- 
facio, féci, fuctum, 3 (stronger than 
preced.; to soal: cf. Cic. Ph. 14, 3, init., 
imbuti sanguine gladii, vel potius made- 
facti): v¥. TO soaAK. Phr. itd im 
blood, cruentus (Sanguine), cruentatus 
V. BLOOD-STAINED) ; reSpersus sanguine, 
Cic. R. Am, 24, jin.; madens caede, 
Juv. 4, 154; infectus sanguine, Prop. 

imbue: |. Yo dip, steep v. pre- 
ced. art. |]. Yo tincture deeply: 1, 
imbuo, i, itum, 3 to become i.d with 
the foulest passions, turpissimis imbué 
cupiditatibus, Nep. Dion. 4- tot. a ten- 
der mind with (certain) opinions, ani- 
mum tenerum opinionibus i, Cic. Att. 
14, 13, B: v_ To rmBrBeE (IL). 2. 
inficio, féci, fectum, 3 (in this sense, 
prob. only in pass.): to be 1.d with (cer- 
tain) principles, artibus infici, Cic. Fin. 
3, 2, fin. 

imbued (part.adj.): 1, imbitus: 
v. preced. art. 2. tinctus: ¢. with a 
knowledge of literature, t. literis, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 20, 85 witticisms 7. with Attic 
grace, lepore t. Attico sales, Mart. 3, 20, 
g Quint. To be zt. with, madeo, 2 he 
is t with the Socratic dialogues (i. e. 
philosophy), Socraticis madet sermoni- 
bus, Hor. Od. 3, 21, 9. 

imitable: imitabilis, e Virg.; qut 
(quae, quod) imitando exprimi potest: 
v. foll. art. 

imitate: 1, imitor, 1 (most gen. 
term) ¢éo 7. antiquity, «ntiquitatem i, 
Cic. we should tv. the practice of phy= 
sicians, consuetudo imitanda (est) medi- 
corum, Cic. Join. imitari et sequi, 
Plin. Ep. 7, 30, fin.: imitari atque ex- 
primere, Cic. Or. 5, 19. 2. effingo, 
nxi, ctum, 3 (te reproduce as from @ 
model): he seems to me to have 7.d (suc- 
cess/ully) the energy of Demosthenes, the 
pleasantness of Isocrates, videtur effinx- 
isse vim Demosthenis, jucunditatem 
Isocratis, Quint. Io, 1, 108° more tully, 
ef. imitando, Cic. de Or 2, 22, go: 
Quint. 8. exprimo, pressi, ssum, 3 
(like preced.) Hor A. P 32 cf. Cic. 
de Or. 2, 22,90 V TO REPRESENT 4, 
simiilo, 1 (poet.) he had i.d the light- 
ning of Jove, fulmen Jovis simularat, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 591 cf. Sil. 15, 420, quod 
acus simulavit (tmitated in emuroi 
in ostro. 5 aemulor, 1 (strictly, to 
strive to equal or excel, but in later 
writers also, to imitate): cf. Tac. A. 6, 
29, Labeo per abruptas venas sangu.nem 
effudit, aemulataque est conjux. 6. 
séquor, ciitus, 3 (to follow in the steps 
of): to learn from the experienced, to %. 
the best, discere a perilis, 5, optimos 
Tac. Agr 4 Hor. cf. supr (1). vfs 
proséquor, 3 esp. with imitor: cf 
Cic. Br. 36, 137 prosequebatur atque 
imitabatur antiquitatem. §, consector 
1 (to aim at following) esp. with imi 
tando cf. Cic. de Or 2, 22, go, insignis 


aliquis se ab ineunte aetate imbuerit, | ac paene vitiosa consectantur imitando: 


Cic, Deiot, 10, 28: v. TO IMBUE. 


Q.' Gell See also TO FOLLOW. Phr. 


& 


PMI AVE On 


devote oneself altogether to iang the 
Greeks, se totum ad imitationem Graeco- 
rum conferre, Quint. 10, 1, 108: lo 7. 
any one’s example, alicujus vestigiis in- 
gredi, Cic. Rep. 6, 24. 
imitation: |. The act of imi- 
tating : 1, imitatio: Cic.: Quint.: 
grovelliag %., servilis (? humilis) i., Ern. 
in Kr. (Or expr. by ger.: v. preced. 
art.) . aemilatio:; v. EMULATION. 
Il. The thing produced: effigies, 
imago: V. LIKENESS, IMAGE. 
imitative: ad imitandum aptus, 
habilis: v. ro imrraTe. Phr.: paint- 
ing is an i. art, *pictura in eo versatur 
Ut res imitando eflingat atque exprimat. 
imitator: 1. imitator, f. -trix: 
ye 2.8, servile herd, O imitatores, servum 
pecus! Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19: Cie.: Ov. 


and his imitator Servilius, Cato et ejus 
aemulator Servilius, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 8. 
Join: aemulus atque imitator, id. Mar. 
1,2 v.RIVAL. Phr.: to be a devoted 
t. of any one, se totum ad alicujus imi- 


tationem conferre: to be the despair of 


7.8, imitandi spem auferre, Cic.: v. TO 
IMITATE, 

immaculate: sanctus (sanctissi- 
mus), casius, incorruptus, intéger: v. 
UNBLEMISHED. Phir ; the t. conception, 
*immaculata conceptio. 

im waculately; sancté, sine labe, 
casté: Vv. Pt RELY. 

immanence: expr. by verb: they 
believe in the i. of deity in nature, 
*deum intus tota rerum natura quasi 
infusum misceri credunt: cf. Virg. Aen. 
6, 726. 

immanent: quod intus in aliqua re 
man+t, habitat. 

immaterial: |. Not consisting 
of matter : 1, expr. by corpus, ris, 
n., aiid some word denoting privation : 
expers corporis, Cic. Ac. 1, 11, 39: cf. 
Lucr. 1, 431, nihil est....ab omni cor- 
pore sejunctum, secretumqne ab inani: 
Plato maintains that the voice is 1., 
Plato non esse vocem corpus putat, Gell. 
5, 15. 2. incorporeus: whether the 
voice be material or 7., corpusne sit vox 
an incorporeum. Gell. 5, 15: Muacr. (in 
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 45, incorpurearum is f. 1. 
for in corpore sitarum). 3. incor- 
poralis, e: Quint. 5 10, 116: Sen. 
Phr.. %. objects, quae sensum effugiunt, 
Sen. (Q). Il. Unimportant: nullo 
momento: Vv. UNIMPORTA\NT. 

immateriality: incorporalitas (v. 
rare): Macr. (Better expr. by circuml.: 
they deny thet. of the soul, naturam 
animi corporis expertem [incorpoream } 
esse negant: v. IMMATERIAL.) 

immature: 1, immatirus: Hor.: 
Ulp.: more usu. = premature, q. v. 

2. cridus: an 7. girl, c. puella, 

Mart. 8, 64, 11: Hor.: cf. Tac. Ann. 1, 
8, crudum adhuc servitium. 

immaturity: immatiritas: e. g. 
sponsarum, Suet. 

immeasurable: immensus: Join: 
immensus et infinitus, Cic. N. D. 1, 11, 
26. Or expr. by métior: 7%. distance, 
distantia quam nulla spatii circumscrip- 
tio metiri possit: cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 21. 
See also INFINITE. 

immeasurably: *ultra quam quis 
metiri possit. In less exact sense, longe 
Jongeque may sometimes serve: cf. Cic. 
Fin. 2, 21, 68, longe longeque pluri- 
mum: also with compar., Ov. M. 4, 325: 
V. FAR. 

immediate: |. Proximate; with- 
out anything intervening: proximus: 
an i. neighbour, pr. vicinus, Cic. Att. 2, 
14: the t. cause, causa pr. [et conti- 
nens], Cic. Fat. 19, 44. Phr.: he pre- 
tended to have had 7%. communications 
with the gods, *professus est se cum 
ipsis diis coram colloquia habuisse. |], 
Without delay: 1, praesens, ntis: 7. 
punishment, p. poena, Cic. Div. 2, 59, 
122: Prop.. Tac. 2. expr. by adv. : 
v. foll. art. ; and INSTANT. 

immediately: |. Proximately : 
propé, proximé: v. NEARLY. I. Ae 


IMMERGE, IMMERSE 





once : 1, statim (directly, without 
delay): Caes.: Cic.; sometimes foll. by 
ut, ac, etc.; t. after I had read your 
letier, 8s. ut tuas literas legeram, Cic. 
Att. 2, 12, fin.: statim....simulace, ib. 
15, 12: 1%. after daybreak, siatim a 
prima luce, Col. 11, 1, med.: % on 
waking, 8. a somno, Tac, G. 22. 2g. 
confestim (with all speed: usu. with 
verbs of motion): Caes.: Cic.: Vv. SPEED. 
3. protinus: v. FORTHWITH. 4, 
continuo (without any time interven- 
ing): V. INSTANTANEOUSLY. 5, ac 
tutum: Ter, Cic:: v. INSTANTLY. 6. 
e vestigio (lit. on the spot : Ger. stehendes 
Fusses): Jt. set out Jor the spot, at day- 
break, e vestigio eo sum profectus prima 
luce, Sulpic. in Cic. kam. 4, 12: Caes. 
(in Cic. Div. Verr. 17. 57, the reading is 
doubtful), Join: statim et e vestigio, 
Flor. See alsv toll. art. 
immediately after: 1. ex (e): 
esp. with some other words (cf. preced. 
art. Il., 1). 7. after the expiry of his 
consulate, Cotta set out jor Gaul, Cotta 
ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam, 
Cic. Br. g2, 318: ef. id. Manil. 15, 44, 
tanta repente vilitas annonae ex summa 
inopia consecutaest. Q, récens (adj.), 
loll. by ab: an uss-colt i. after birth, 
pullus asininus r. a partu, Varr. I. : . 
2 8, imit.: Cic. So ady. phr., in recenti 
(i. after a thing has taken place), Mo- 
dest. Dig. 48, 19, 25. 8. statim ab, 
ex, etc.: v. preced. art. (Il.,1). 4, pro- 
tinus ab (a): Plin. 5, sibinde (close 
upm, shortly after): Liv.: Vac. See 
also NEXT (adv.). 
immemorial: Phr.: from time 7. 
ex omni memoria aetatum, Cic. de Or. 
1, 4 16: so, post hominum memoriam 
(within the memory of man: esp. in 
negative sentences), Cic. Verr. 3, 17, 443 
(in) omni memoria, id. Vat. 14, 33: ti 
is an i. usage, consuetudo ab antiquis 
temporibu~ inveteravit, cf Cic. Off. 2, 
16, 573 invetcravit ex omni memoria, 
ut...: or simply, vetus est consuetudo 
usurpata, cf. Plin. Ep. 10, 115 (116). 
immense: 1, ingens, ntis («xceed- 
ingly great): cf. Cic. Am. 26, 98, satis 
erat respondere magnus ; ingentes dicit : 
Ter. Join: ingens immensusque ; in- 
gens immanisque, Cic. 2. immensus 
(strictly, unmeasured or immeasurable) : 
an %. weight of silver and gold, i. ar- 
genti pondus atque auri, Cic Rep. 1, 17 
(but in Cic. usu.=boundless, immea- 
surable) : 7. harvests, i. messes, Virg. G. 
I, 49. Adv. phr., in immensum, to an 
i. extent or height, Sall. Jug. 92, med. + 
Virg.: Liv. 3. impensus (esp. of 
price): to pay an i. price for anything, 
aliquid i. pretio parare, Caes. B. G. 4, 2: 
Liv. (Not so in Cic.: impenso pretio, 
Att. 14, 13 = non pense.) 4, imma- 
nis, €: V. HUGE, MONSTROUS. (cf. supr. 1.) 
5, Enormis, e (unduly large, out of 
proportion) : V. ENORMOUS. 6, infi- 
nitus (strictly without any bounds; but 
oft. used in lax sense): @ cavern of 7%. 
depth, spelunca inf. altitudine, Cic.: v. 
INFINITE. 7. incrédibilis: v. INCRE- 
DIBLE. Phr.: an t. sum of money, 
maxima pecunia, Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 269 ; 
innumerabilis pecunia, id. Agr. 2, 13, 33. 
immensely: 1, in immensum (of 
increase, grou th, etc.) : Vv. IMMENSE (2). 
2. incredibiliter (collog.): with 
which I am i. delighted, quibus inc. de- 
lector, Cic. Sen. 15, init. 8, sane 
quam, perquam (colloqg.): Vv. EXCEED- 
INGLY. 4, nimis (prae-class.): J 
should 7. like, n. vellem, Pl. Most. 1, 3, 
10g. §, véhémenter: v. EXCEEDINGLY. 
Phr.: Zam 7. glad, immortaliter gau- 
deo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3. 
immensity : |. Unlimited exten- 
sion : 1. immensitas: Cic. N. D. 1, 
20, 54. 9, vastitas: the t. of heaven, 
v. coeli, Plin. 98, *ingens immensaque 
magnitudo: Vv. IMMENSE (1). I. Ald 
space: expr. by neut. of immensus: he 
ti aversed all 2., omne peragravit i., Lucr. 
1,75: through 7, per immensum, Ov. M. 
4 621. 
immerge ? mergo, immergo, si, sum, 
immerse § 3: V- TO PLUNGE, DIP IN. 





IMMORAL 








Phr.: i.d in business, totus in negotiis, 
ef. Hor. 8. 1, 9, 2; negotiis disientus, cf. 
Cic. R. Am. 10, 22. 

immersion: immersio: Am. (Or 
expr. by ger.: V. TO IMMERSE.) 

inmesh: implico, impédio: v. To 
ENTANGLE. 

immigrant: advéna (a@ new-comer): 
Cic. Or expr. by verb: v. foll. art. 
| immigrate: immigro, 1: Cic. (not 
in exactly the modern sense): v. TO RE- 
MOVE (intr.). 
| immigration: expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art. 

imminence: expr. by adj. or verb: 
vy. foil. art. 

imminent: praesens (not quite so 
in Cic.): to threaten 1. death, p. mortem 
inteutare, Virg. Aen. 1, 91: must i. dan- 
gers, praesentissima pericula, \uint. 10, 
7,1. Phr.: there ts i. danger, maximo 
in periculo res est, summum est peri- 
culum, Cic. passim. To be i.: (1). im- 
mineo, ui, 2: there are some who do not 
see what is 7., nonnulli sunt, qui ea quae 
i., non videant, Cic. Cat. 1,12, jo: Vell: 
V. TO OVERHANG, THREATEN. . (2). insto, 
still, 1: her confinement was 7, partus 
instabat prope, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 9: you 
vere tn t. dunger fiom them, tili ab iis 
instare periculum, Brut. in Cic. Fom. 1, 
20 (but the verb expresses less than 
the Eng.). (3). advento, 1 (to be on the 
point of arriving): old-age either actu- 
ally weighing upon ove, or at least i, 
aut jam urgens, aut certe adventans 
senectus, Cic. sen. £, 2: Vv. TO APPROACH, 
(4). impendeo, 2: v. TO INPEND. 

immobility : 1. immobilitas: 
Just. (who uses it of the waters of the 
lead Sea): Lact. 2, usu. better 
expr. by adj.: i. of features, *immo- 
tus vultus; vultus gui semper immu- 
tatus M2ner: Vv, IMMOVABLE, UNCHANGE 
ABLE. 

immoderate : 1, immddératus 
(not kept within due limits): i. eating 
and drinking, i. potus et pastus, Cic. ; 
the t., the incredible, the unattainable, 
i., incredibilia, nimis alta, Sall. Cat. 5 : 





Ov. 2. immoddicus (that ex-eeds the 
ordinary bounds: not in Cic.): Vv. EX- 
CESSIVE (2). 3. immoddestus (not 


under proper restraint) : 1. in drinking, 
i. in vino, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 7: Cic.: v. 
INTEMPERATE. 4, vimius: v. EXx- 
CESSIVE. 5, expr. by circumL, qui 
(quae, quod) extra modum prodit, mo- 
dum excedit: v. TO EXCEED. Phr.: t 
joy, effusa laetitia, Liv. 35, 43. eztr., 
profusa hilaritas (g/ee), Cic. Tuse. 4, 7, 
15; laetitia gestiens vel nimia, ib. 4, 6, 
13: w give way to i. joy, effuse ex- 
sultare, ib.: 7. laughter, intemperantia 
ristis, Plin. 

immoderately: 1, immoddératé : 
Cie. 2. praeter médum: Cic. 3. 
immddicé: Join: immodice immodes- 
teque [gloriari], Liv. 22,27. 4, effiisé 
(esp. With words denoting joy, grie, 
etc.): to weep %., effusissime flere, Sen. 
Ep. 99, 21: Cic.: cf. preced. art. extr. 

5, intempéranter: v. INTEMPE- 

RATELY. 6, insdlenter (more urn is 
usual: esp. overweeningly, q. V.): Gor- 
gias employs these attractions svmewhat 
z., G. his festivitatibus insolentius abu- 
titur, Cic. Or. 52, 176. 

immoderateness: expr. by adp.: 
Vv. IMMODERATE. 






immodest : 1, impiidicus: v. 
UNCHASTE. invérécundus: Cic. : 


Quint. : v. SHAMELESS. (Not immodestus, 
which is INTEMPERATE.) 
immodestly: 1, impiidicé (rare): 
Vv. UNCHASTELY. invérécundé . 
Quint. : Sen.: v, SHAMELESSLY. 
immodesty: ], impidicitia: v. 
UNCHASTITY. invérécundia (v. 
rare): Arnob. 
immolate: immdlo, 1: v. TO Sacri- 
FICE. 
immolation : immidlatio (the act of 
sacrificing) : Cic.: ¥. SACRIFICE. 
immolator: immdlator: Cic. 
immoral: 1. pravus (lit. crooked; 
hence wrong as opp. to right, rectus): 
| cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 11, tnit., nec solum in 
i 391 


IMMORALITY 


IMPARTIAL 


IMPATIENT 


Bn Meh Sa UE A a eo ee wT 
6 (but the word often carries with it the 


rectis sed etiam in pravis actibus [al. 


immunity: imminitas, vicatio: v. 


pravitatibus], insignis est humani gene- | EXEMPTION. See also FREEDOM (11.). 


ris similitudo; Vell.: v. WRONG. 2. 
corruptus: the most i. men of all ranis, 
homines omnium ordinum corruptissimi, 
Sall. or. Phil.: cf. Cic. Part. 26, 91, genus 
hominum malo cultu pravisque opinion- 
ibus corruptum: v. CORRUPT. ‘ 
turpis, e (disgraceful: esp. of sensu- 
ality): an i. youth, a scandalous life, 
t. adolescentia, vita infamis, Cic. Font. 
11, 24: cf. Hor. S. 1, 4, ri. Join: 
turpis ac pravus, Juv. 14, 41. 4. 
vitidsus (rare in this sense): an 7%. and 
profligate life, v. et flagitivsa vita, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 28, extr.: v. VICIOUS. 5, ob- 
scaenus; V. OBSCENE. 

immorality: 1. expr. by mores 
with an adj.: e.g. perditi mores, Cic. 
Fam. 2, 5, extr.; mali m., Sall. Cat. 37; 
corrupti m., ib. 11, extr. 9. expr. by 
pl. of vitium (cf. L. G. § 591): im the 
midst of such %., inter tanta v., Sall. Cat. 
3: t. and profligacy, v. atque flagitia, 
Cic. Tuse. 1, 30, Jo: %. is on the in- 
crease, *crescunt [in dies] vitia. By 
turpitido: v. INFAMY. Phr.: to chas- 
tise 7, turpia castigare, Juv. 2, 9: @ 
mind unschooled in i., animus insolens 
malarum artium, Sall. Cat. 3. See also 
PROFLIGACY, VICE. 

immorally; pravé (wrongly, in 
widest sense); Cic. Ac. I, 10, 37. 

immortal: 1. immortialis, e: the 
t. gods, Di im., Cic.: 7. existence, im. 
aevum, Lucr. In looser sense, 7. glory, 
im. gloria, Cic. Bal. 17, 40: to achieve 
i. works, im. opera edere, Liv. 1, 16, 
tnit. 9. aeternus, sempiternus (Vv. 
ETERNAL, EVERLASTING): J believe the 
gods to be %., Deorum vitam sempiternam 
esse arbitror, Ter. Andr. 5, 5,3. Phr.: 
to be t., morte [gelida] carere, Hor. Od. 
2, 8,12; *mortis expertem esse: J am 
become 7., mibi immortalitas parta est, 
Ter. Andr. 5, 5, 5- 

immortalize: 1, consecro, 1 (to 
set apart as sacred : hence, fig. to render 
divine or imperishable: infreq.): to 7%. 
one’s name by most distinguished memo- 
rials, amplissimis monumentis ¢c. memo- 
riam nominis sui, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15: 
more precisely, ad immortalitatis reli- 
gionem et memoriam c., id. Mil. 29, 80. 

9. sacro, 1 (like preced.: rare): the 

eloquence of Cato lives and flowrishes, 
td in writings, vivit vigetque Catonis 
eloquentia, sacrata scriptis, Liv. 39, 40. 
med.: Hor. Od. 1, 26, 11. 8, aeterno, 
I (poet. and rare): to t. any one’s vir- 
tues, virtutes in aevum aet., Hor. Od. 4, 
14, 5. 4, expr. by immortalitas, im- 
mortalis, with various verbs: immor- 
talitati aliquid tradere, Cic. de Or. 3, 16, 
60; gloriam alicujus immortalitatis me- 
moria prosequi, id. Rhy 2 az extr.s 
aeternitatem immortalitatemque alicui 
donare, id. in Pis. 3, 7: memoriam alicu- 
jus immortalem reddere, id. de Or. 2,2, 8. 

immortality: 1, immortalitas 
(both in lit. and fig. sense): Ter.: Cic. 

9, expr. by immortalis, aeternus, 

sempiternus: to believe in the 7. of the 
soul, animi naturam immortalem esse, 
animos immortales esse, credere (v. IM- 
MORTAL): our plans ought to lool: to- 
wards 7., nostra 2onsilia sempiternum 
tempus spectare debent, Cic. de Or. 2, 
go, 169. Phr.: to gain i. by one’s 
achievements, famam extendere factis, 
Virg.: v. FAME. 

immortally : expr. by immortalis: 
v. L. G. § 343. (Cic. bas immortaliter, but 
in diff. sense, im. gaudeo, (. Fr. 3, 1, 3-) 

immoveable: 1. immobilis, e (both 
lit. and fig.): the earth, remaining i, 
terra im. manens, Cic.: Curt.: Plin. 
Fig.: t to entreaties, im. precibus, 
Tac. Ann. 16, 10, extr. 2. immotus 
ogee that has not been moved): Virg. 

ig.: if my resolve were not rooted 
and i., si mihi non animo fixum i.que 
sederet, Virg. Aen. 4, 15. 3, expr. 
by verb: qui (quae, quod) non movetur, 
moveri non potest: v. TO MOVE. See 
also MOTIONLESS, 

immoveably;: *ita ut quid moveri 
non possit. See also FIRMLY. 


392 





immure;: incliido, conclido, 3: v. 
TO IMPRISON. 

immutability; 1, immutabilitas 
(v. rare): Cic. Fat. 9, 17. , immo- 
bilitas (not class.): the t. of his counsel, 
im. consilii, Vulg. Hebr. vi. 17. F 
expr. by circuml.: he believes in the t. 
of natural laws, *rerum naturae leges 
immutabiles esse credit; nullam ne 
minimam quidem mutationem rerum 
naturae legum fieri posse putat: v. IM- 
MUTABLE, ete. 
: immutable: immitiabilis, e: Cic.; 
tat. 


immutably ;: immiutabiliter (v.rare): 
Cels. Dig. 45, 1,99: Apul. (Usu. better 
expr. by circuml., *ita ut quid mutari 
non possit: v. TO CHANGE.) 

imp: |, 4 shoot, scion: (?) sttbiles, 
is: V. OFFSPRING. |]. A malicious 
sprite: perh. daemdnium or larva: v. 
GOBLIN, FIEND. 

impact: impactio: Sen. N. Q. 2, 
12, 6. (Or expr. by verb: v. TO IM- 
PINGE.) 

impair: 1, infringo, frégi, frac- 
tum, 3: to ¢. the very flower of distinc- 
tion, ipsum florem dignitatis inf., Cic. 
Bal. 6,15: to 7. any one’s glory, alicujus 
gloriam inf., Cic. Mil. 2, 5: to 7. a pre- 
rogative, jus. inf., Tac. Ann. 4, 19. 2. 
imminuo, i, itum, 3 (0 diminish or cur- 
tail): what is there that time has not 
z.d, quid non imminuit dies? Hor. Od. 
3, 6, 45: Cic. Join: imminuere ac 
debilitare, Cic. Ph. 12, 3, iit. 8: 
comminuo, 3 (to break in pieces: hence, 
greatly to injure or t.): tot. the strength 
of one’s genius, ingenii vires ¢., Ov. 
Pont. 3, 3, 34: a8 respects Jortune, my 
means are greatly %.’d, re familiari com- 
minuti sumus, Cic. Att. 4, 3, fin. 4, 
attéro, trivi, tum, 3 (to wear away; 
hence, to enfeeble): Hannibal had greatly 
id the resources of Italy, H. Italiae 
opes maxime attriverat, Sall. Jug. 5: 
Curt. 5, accido, di, sum, 3 (lit. to 
hack and so to weaken greatly: in fig. 
sense, prob. only in perf. tenses pass.) : 
though the strength of the state was 
greatly i.d, etsi accisae res sint, Liv. 3, 


| 10, med.: ef. Cic. prov. cons. 14, 34. 


G. élévo, 1 (to render less weighty : 

to detract from): the clearness of a 
thing ws i2d by arguing, perspicuitas 
argumentando elevatur, Cic. N. D. 3, 4, 
init. See also TO WEAKEN, 

impale: palo infigo, xi, xum, 3: 
H. Steph. s. v. sxoAomigw. Phr.: to 7. 
oneself (by falling on a pointed stake, 
etc.), se acnto vallo (hastae) induere, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 73: Liv.: v. TO TRANSFIX. 

impalpable: *quod manibus com- 
prehendi, tangi non potest: ef. Virg. 
Aen. 2, 793. (Intactilis, as phil. term, 
Lucr. 1, 438.) Phr.: an t. powder, 
*pulvis subtilissimus et quem tactu 
sentire non possis: v. FINE (I.). 

impannel: Phr.: a jury was i.’d, 
*judices ex ordine constituti sunt ; judices 
delecti in consilio adfuerunt (the pbr. 
in consilio was used of judices, cf. Cic. 
Clu. 27, initt.). 

imparadised: perh. in coelo (aprov. 
expr. to denote unusual felicity) : Cic. 
Att. 2,9, 1. Phr.: t. in one another’s 
arms, *quos dulcis amplexus ad deos 
evehit. 

impart: 1, impertio, 4; also -or 
(usu. with dat. and acc., less freq. with 
acc. and abl.): Ti. a share of my glory 
to all, gloriae partem omnibus impertio, 
Cic. Sull. 3, 8: to t. a kiss, aliquem 
osculo i., Suet. Ner. 37. Also absol., 
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, ext. See also TO SHARE. 

2. comminico, t (to have or cause 

to have anything in common: usu. foll. 
by cum): besides, I have many fears, 
which I have i.’d to our friend, multa 
praeterea metuo, quae cum nostro com- 
municavi, Cic. Fam. 6,20. Join: im- 
pertiri et cum aliquo communicare, Cic. 
Am. 19, 70. See also TO BESTOW, DIS- 
CLOSE. 

impartial: 1, aequus: a most t. 
judge, aequissimus judex, Gic. Fin. 3, 2, 





sense of favourable, well-disposed: cf 
l. c.): to exercise t. judgment, aeque 
animo aequa noscere, Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 58: 
Vv. JUST. Q2. aequabilis, e (even, wni- 


form; the same for all): %. justice, jus 


aeq., Cic. Inv. 1, 2, init.: t. (fair) dis- 
tribution of spoil, aeq. praedae partitio, 
Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40. 3, justus: a most 
irreproachable and i. judge, sanctissimus 
et justissimus judex, Cic. Pl. 13, 32: v. 
JUST. 4, intéger (not tampered with, 
and so spealcing the truth, acting justly) : 
with i. and unbiassed mind, int. animo 
ac libero, Cic. Sull. 31, 86. Join: in- 
corruptus atque integer [testis], Cic. 
Fin. 1, 21, ttt. 5, sanctus (conscien- 
tious, irreproachable) : esp. with another 
word: v. supr. (3). Phr.: an indifferent 
and i. person, (homo) medius nec in 
alterius favorem inclinatus, Liv. 40, 20, 
med.: to be perfectly %., ab omni fac- 
tionum [partium] studio alienum esse, 
Ruhnk, (in Kr.). 

impartiality: 1. aequitas (fair- 
ness): V. EQUITY, JUSTICE. 2, aequabi- 
litas (even, unbiassed procedure : rare) : 
cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 85, 345, in laude justitiae 
....quid cum aequabilitate fecerit: cf. 
IMPARTIAL (2). 3, More usu. expr. by 
adj.: animus ab omni partium studio 


alienus; animus studio et ira vacuus, Kr.’ 


(based on Cic.): to gudge with %., *judi- 
cium integrum, incorruptum exercere: 
Vv. IMPARTIAL. Phr.: in proportion to 
the t. of the speech, quo minus studii 
visa est oratio habere, Liv. 24, 28: with 
z., integre, incorrupte: v. foll. art. 
impartially: 1, integré: Join: 
incorrupte atque integre, Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 
30: Mil. 22, extr. 9. incorrupte: Cic. 
Mare. 9, 29: Vv. supr. 3. expr. by 
circuml.: sine ira et studio, ‘lac. An. 1, 
I, ext7’.; sine amore et sine cupiditate ; 
sine odio et sine invidia, Cic. Mare. 9, 
29: to judge 7, animo integro, aequo 


judicare; aequabili judicandi ratione 


uti: Vv. IMPARTIAL, 4, aequabiliter 
(evenly : rare): Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40. 

imparting (su/s.): communicatio : 
Cic.: Vv. TO IMPART. 

impassable: 1, instipérabilis : 
that route vas absolutely %., ea vero via 
ins. fuit, Liv. 21, 36. 2. invius 
(strictly, without paths): a region t. for 
rocks, regio rupibus inv., Plin. 12, 14, 
3o: Virg.: Vv. PATHLESS. 3. imper- 
vius: t roads, [interrupta et] imp. 
itinera, Tac. A. 3, 31: Ov. 4, more 
freq. expr. by verb: @ river 7. on foot, 
except in one place, fluamen quod uno 
omnino loco pedibus transiri potest, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 18: v. TO cross. Phr.: 
(almost) i. 1 oods, impeditissimae silvae, 
Hirt. B. G. 8, 18: Caes. 

impassibility: impassibilitas (not 
class.): Hier.: v. foll. art. 

impassible : 1, impassibilis, e 
(not class.): Lact. 1, 3, jin.: Tert. 
(= qui nihil pati potest). 2. im- 
patiens, ntis (ambiguous): an 7%. soul, 
imp. animus, Sen. Ep. 9, init. : explained 
as = extra omnem patientiam positus. 

impassioned : 1, concitatus : 
thrilling and 7. sentences, vibrantes c.que 
sententiae, Quint. 12, 9, 3: in t. lan- 
guage and as if inspired, concitatus et 
velut instinctus, Dial. Or. 14, intt. i 
fervidus (glowing with passion): the %, 
boy (Cupid), f. puer, Hor. Od. 1, 30, 5: 
ef. Cic. Br. 68, jfin., fervidum quoddam 
et furiosum genus dicendi: v. FIERY 
(iI.). Phr.: 7. love, calores, Hor. Od. 4, 


g, It. 
; impassive: ¥. DIPASSIBLE. 
impatience: |. Inability to en« 


dure: impitientia (not without depend. 
gen.): 7. of silence, i. silentii, Tac. A. 4, 
52, extr. ||. Restless haste; eager- 
NESS : 1, festinatio: to check any 
one’s t., f. alicujus morari, Curt. 8, 2, 
med.: V. HURRY. 9. aviditas (ges- 
tiens): V.EAGERNESS. Phr.: they show 
signs of 7., festinare se testantur, Dial. 
Or. 19, extr.; morae se impatientem 

esse identidem monstrant. 
impatient: |. Unable to endure. 
1, impatiens, ntis (unabie to ee 








IMPATIENTLY 


dure: in good authors always with de- | 


pend. gen.): 7. of inaction, quietis imp., 
Vell. 2, 23: %. of delay, imp. morae, 
Sil. 8,4. 2, indignans, ntls (@mplying 
resentment): most i. of confinement, 
servitutis impatientissimus, Col. 8, 17, 
med.: cf. Virg. Aen. 1,55. Phr.: to be 
2. under anything: (i.) aegre, moleste 
fero, 3, irr.: to bei. under poverty, aegre 
ferre se pauperem esse, Cic. usc. 4, 27, 
fin.: also, iniquo animo ferre, Cic. Att. 
15, 26. fin. (2.) indignor, 1 (to look upon 
as an indignity): to be i. of authority, 
imperia indignari, Quint. 1, 3, 6: cf. 
Hor. A. P. 359, indignor, quandoque 
bonus dormitat Homerus. Il. #2- 
tremely eager: avidus: v. EAGER. To 
be i. (to do something): gestio, 4: 7 am 
i. to Ienow all, gestio scire omnia, Cic. 
Att. 4,11: my fists are i. to begin, ges- 
tiunt pugni mihi, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 170: Vv. 
TO LONG. ; 

impatiently: 1, impitienter (as 
one unable to endure): Tac.: Plin. jun. 

Q. expr. by indignans (with resent- 

ment: cf. L. G. § 343): %. they roar 
about their prison, indignantes circum 
claustra fremunt, Virg. Aen. 1,55. 3, 
avidé (eagerly): as I was %. looking out 
for a letter, epistolam quum avide ex- 
spectarem, Cic. Att. 2, 8. Zo desire a; 
gestio: v. preced. art. fin. 

impeach: acciiso, postiilo, arcesso, 
ete.: Vv. TO ACCUSE. 

impeached: reus: v. ACCUSED. 

impeachment: acciisatio: v. Ac- 
CUSATION. 

impearled: gemmans, gemmatus: 
v. JEWELLED. 

impeccability: impeccantia (not 
class.): Hier.: usu. better expr. by cir- 
cuml., natura peccati expers, quae pec- 
care nescit: Vv. SIN. 

impeccable: impeccabilis, e (very 
rare): Gell.: usu. better expr. by cir- 
cuml., peccati expers, nescius: Vv. SIN. 

impede: 1, impédio, 4: v. To 
HINDER. 9. tardo, rétardo, 1: v. TO 
DELAY, RETARD. 

impediment: |. A: hindrance: 
impédimentum: v. HINDRANCE. To be 
an 7. to, obesse, officere: v. TO HIN- 
DER, OBSTRUCT. ||. 4 defect of utter- 
ance: haesitantia linguae, Cic. Ph. 3, 6, 
16. Phr.: to have an i. of speech, 
balbum esse, Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261: 
balbutire, Hor. S. 1, 3, 48 (v. TO STAM- 
MER): lingua haesitare, Cic. de Or. 1, 
25, 115: (?) linguae inexplanatae esse, 
Plin. 11, 37, 65. 

impel: |, Zodrive forward: 1. 
impello, pili, pulsum, 3: to 7%. a ship by 
oars, navem remis imp., Caes.: a light 
breeze i.s the ship, levis aura ratem imp., 
Ov. 2, urgeo, si, 2 (stronger than 
impello): each wave i.s its predecessor, 
urget unda priorem, Ov. M. 15, 182 (see 
the place): Virg.: v. TO THRUST. Il. 
Fig.: to urge to @ course: 1. im- 
pello, 3: to be i'd by nature, to desire, 
natura impelli ut velimus... ., Cic. 
Fin. 3, 20, 65; v. TO URGE: tobe i.’d and 
incited to anything, ad aliquid impelli et 
incendi, Cic Br. 5, 19: to %. men to war, 
homines ad bellum imp., Cic. Sull 13, 36: 
Join: [ad aliquid] impelli et incendi, 
Cic. Br. 5, 19. 2. incito, 1: to be t.’d 
by nature to do anything, ad aliquid na- 
tura incitari, Cic. Fin. 3, 20,66: Caes.: v. 
TO INCITE, STIMULATE. 8. hortor, 1 : 
many things i.'d the Gauls to adopt this 
course, multae res ad hoc consiliumGallos 
hortabantur, Caes. B. G, 3, 18: Cic. Sext. 
3, 7+ 
_ impend: |, Lit.: to hang over: 
impendeo, immineo: v. TO OVERHANG, 
COMMAND (extr.). Il. Fig.: to be im- 
minent : 1. impendeo, 2 (foll. by in 
and acc. or dat.): though all possible 
dangers %. over me, licet in me impen- 
deant pericula omnia, Cic. R. Am. 11, 
31: With dat., id. usc. 4, 16, 35. 9. 
immineo, insto: v. IMMINENT (Phr.). 

impending (a4.): 1, imminens, 
ntis (rare in this sense): prophetic of %. 
rains, imbrium divina (avis) im., Hor. 
Od. 3, 27, 10. Q. fiittirus: to foresee 
the t. storm, prospicere futuram tem- 


peremptory: Phr.: 





IMPERFECT 


pestatem, Cic.: V. FUTURE. 3. expr. 
by rel. clause: to foresee i. dangers, quae 
instant s. impendent pericula prospicere : 
Vv. TO IMPEND. 

impenetrability: Phr.: t be pos- 
sessed of i., *corpore s. natura impene- 
trabili praeditum esse; solido corpore 
esse (cf. Lucr. 1, 487): V. IMPENE- 
TRABLE. 

impenetrable: 1, impénetrabilis, 
e: ani. buckler, imp. cetra, Plin. 11, 39, 
g3: Sen. 9. impervius (affording no 
passage through): V. IMPASSABLE. 
Phr.: 7. forests, silvae impeditissimae, 
Hirt. B. G. 8, 18: %. shaus of night, 
spissae noctis umbrae, Virg. Aen. 2, 
621: he hides (the fulure) in t. night, 
caliginosa nocte premit, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 
30: an i. secret, res ita abscondita ut 
nemo in eam penetrare possit (Kr.): 
his meaning became more t. than ever, 
in incertum et ambiguum magis sensus 
implicabantur, Tac. Ann. 1, If: %. to 
strangers, tectus ad alienos, Cic. R. Am. 
40, 116: cunning and 7., astutus et oc- 
cultus, Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3. 

impenetrably: ita ut penetrari non 
possit: v. TO PENETRATE. 

impenitence: impoenitentia (not 
class.): Aug.: Hier. 

impenitent: impoenitens (not 
class.); Vulg. Rom. ii. 5: pseudo-Quint. 
(Better expr. by verb: quem peccati 
non poenitet: v. TO REPENT.) 

imperative : Commanding, 
an t. duty, perh. 
officium necessitate quadam delegatum, 
cf. Quint. 6, prooem, 1: these orders are 
i., *haec mandata nullum dant aut 
morae aut excusationis locum. Il. 
As gram. ¢. t.: impérativus (modus): 
Char. 

imperceptible: quod sensu (sensi- 
bus) percipi non potest: v. TO PER- 
ceive. Phr.: the growth (of plants) is 
so slow as to be w., *tam tarde (lente) 
crescunt ut sensum oculorum effugiant : 
like the i. growth of a tree, crescit oc- 
culto velut arbor aevo, Hor. Od. 1, 12, 
45 (=sensim crescit, ita ut nemo ar- 
borum incrementa per singulos aunos 
animadvertat, Orell.): our progress to- 
wards old age is 7., sensim et paullatim 
[sine sensu] senescimus, cf. Cic. Sen. 11, 
extr.: to become t., obscurari [neque ap- 
parere], Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 2y. 

imperceptibly: _ 1. sensim: Cic. 
Sen. 11, exty. (v. preced. art. extr.): Plin. 
Ep. Join: sensim et pedetentim ; 
sensim ac leniter, Cic. Also sine sensu, 
Cic. Sen. 1. ¢. 2. pédétentim (step by 
step): V. GRADUALLY. 8, obsciré 
(darkly, unseen): to make progress t., 
obs. serpere, Cic. Cat. 4, 3, fin. 

imperfect: |. Not finished: 1, 
inchoatus (begun, but not finished): the 


perfect is preferred to the v., perfecta in- 


choatis anteferuntur, Cic. Top. 18, 69: 
to leave a thing i., rem inc. relinquere, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56: V. UNFINISHED. 

2. imperfectus: cf. Cic. Tim. 4, 
init., imperfectum, nec absoluto simile: 
Virg.: Quint. I]. Defective: ils 
mancus (strictly, crippled : hence, want- 
ing some important element): they 
thought virtue would be i. without some 
appendage, m. fore putaverunt sine 
aliqua accessione virtutem, Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 
3o. Join: mancus et inchoatus, Cic. 
Off.1, 43,153. 2, imperfectus: Join: 
rudis et imperfectus (incomplete and un- 


Jinished), Quint. 3, 1, 7: ¢f. Cic. Tim. 4, 


init. 3, riidis, e (in a rough state ; 
unwrought) : Vv. UNFINISHED. 4, cur- 
tus (lit. clipped, mutilated) : there is ever 
something lacking in our %. happiness, 
curtae nescio quid semper abest rei, Hor. 
Od. 3, 24, 64: Cic. introduces the epith. 
by quasi, Fin. 4, 14, 36, where the antith. 
is perfectus atque plenus: Lact. Il. 
Marked by faults and vices: mendosus: 
Hor. S. 1, 6, 6: Cic.: v. FAULTY. Phr.: 
human nature is %., *natura hominum 


vitiorum expers non est; vitiis nemo | 


sine nascitur, Hor. S. 1, 3, 68. IV. In 
grammar, the t. tense, imperfectum tem- 
pus: Macr.: Char.: less freq. tempus 
inchoativum, Diom. 








| fruit (of affection), im. fructus, Cic. iv 


IMPERISHABLE 


imperfection: | Abstr., imper- 
Sect state: 1, expr. by imperfectus, 
etc.: they teach the i. of all earthly 
things, *omnia terrestria (humana) na- 
tura imperfecta esse, manca imperiec- 
taque natura praedita esse docent: v, 
IMPERFECT. 2. culpa (blame: hence, 
that which deserves it): so full of i. 
(nature), tanta praedita culpa, Lucr. 5, 
200. 3, expr. by pl. of vitium (cf. 
L. G. § 591): esp. with an adj.: so 
deeply rooted is i. in human nature, 
*adeo in hominum natura inbaerent 
Vitia: v. infr. 4. imperfectio (not 
class.): Aug. _— |, Concrete, a defect : 
], vitium: v. FAULT, FLAW. , 
menda, mendum: Vv. BLEMISH. Having 
7.8., mendosus, vitiosus: v. FAULTY, IM< 
PERFECT (LI1.). 
imperfectly: 1. imperfect@: Gell. 
9, expr. by perfecté aud a negative: 
he did nothing 7i., uibil nisi perfecte 
(fecit), Cic. de Or. 1, 28. 130: todo any- 
thing 1., *aliquid minus perfecte facere, 
cf. L. G. § 646. 8, vitidsé (in a man- 
ner marked by faults): Cic. de Or. lL. c 
v. FAULTILY. 4, mendosé (like vi- 
tiose): to treat of a subject very i. (de- 
fectively and erroneously), aliquid men- 
dosissime scribere, Cic. Inv. 1, 6, fin. 
imperfectness : V. IMPERFECTION. 
imperial: |. Belonging to an em- 
pire or emperor : 1, expr. by gen. of 
impérium, impérator, princeps: the 4. 
expenditure, imperii sumptus: the 4, 
title, imperatoris s. principis nomen: Vv, 
EMPIRE, EMPEROR. 2. impératorius: 
t. nativity (i.e. portending 7%. rank), i. 
genesis, Suet. 10: but the adj. usu. ree 
fers to the republican title of imperator, 
appellatio imperatoria, Vell. 2, 125: Cic. 
$, principalis, e (= principis: late): 
z. majesty, p. majestas, Suet. Cl. 17: an 
i. marriage, p. matrimonium, Tac. H. 1, 
22: Plin. jun. 4, impérialis, e (post- 
class.): 7. statutes, imp. statuta, Ulp. 
5, augustus (poet.): the «. ears, 
aures a., Ov. Pont. 1, 2, 117: comp. ib. 
2, 2, 76: Mart. 6, dominicus (v. 
late): Cod. Const. ||, Exercising rule 
over others: impériosus (rare in this 
sense): great and 1. (wide-ruling) cities, 
urbes magnae atque imp., Enn. in Cic. 
Rep. 1, 2: Aug. II]. Becoming an 
emperor, grand: régius, augustus: Vv. 
ROYAL, PRINCELY, AUGUST. 
imperialist: perh. Caesarianus : the 
term applied to the partisans of Caesar 
in the civil war: Auct. B. Afr. 13: but 
the term should be used only in pl. as 
there. Phr.: to be an i., *ab Impera- 
toris [Principis] partibus stare; Impe- 
ratoris fortunas sequi (in this sense the 
word Imperator should be written with 
a capital letter, as a proper name) : from 
being a republican he became an ardent 
i., *a republica in partes Imperatoris 
summo studio transgressus est: the @. 
forces, milites, exercitus Austriaci (Kr.). 
imperially: perh. régié, impéridsé 
(i. e. as a king or one holding supreme 
power): V. ROYALLY, IMPERIOUSLY. 
imperil: in periculum s. discrimen 
adduco, etc.: Vv. TO ENDANGER. 
imperious: 1, impéridsus (also 
in good sense : cf. IMPERIAL, LI. ; SOVE- 
REIGN): a most t. and tyrannical family, 
familia imperiosissima et superbissima, 
Liv. 9, 34, med.: Cic. 9. arrégans: 


Vv. ARROGANT. 8, stiperbus: v. 
HAUGHTY, TYRANNICAL. e 
imperiously: 1. impéridsé : (ell. 


Q, sitperbe: Vv. HAUGHTILY, TYRAN- 
NICALLY. 
imperiousness : arrdgantia, siip- 
erbia; insdlentia: v. ARROGANCE, TY- 
RANNY. ; 
imperishable: 1. pérennis, e: 
a monument more it. than brass, monu- 
mentum aere perennius, Hor. Od. 3, 30, 
1: t.adamant, p. adamas, Ov. Met. 15, 
813. 9. incorruptus (esp. of that 
which will not rot): stronger and more 
i. wood, lignum fortius et incorruptius, 
Plin, 16, 6, 8: more fully, contra omnia 
Vitia incorrupta (materia), Plin. 13,16, 30. 
3, immortalis, e (in fig. sense): ¢ 


393 


IMPERISHABLENESS 





Pis. 14, init.: v. 1MMORTAL, 4, in- 
delebilis, e (not to be effaced): Ov. 5. 
aeternus: the most i. ts ebony, maxime 
aet. hebenus, Plin. 16, 14, 79 
§§ 215, 219. Phr.: to be t. (of timber), 
cariém vetustatemque non sentire, Plin. 
16, 14, 78. 

imperishableness: 1. aeternitas: 
Plin. 16, 14, 79, ) 217 (of timber). 2), 
immortalitas: Plin. 13, 16, 30 (of tim- 
ber) : Vv. IMMORTALITY. 

imperishably; ita ut deleri s. ex- 
stingui non possit: v. TO DESTROY. 

impermeable: impervius: v. IM- 
PERVIOUS. Phr.: 7. to moisture, contra 
humorem pugnax, Plin. 15, 3, 4: ta be 
tz. to water, *humorem excludere s. re- 
spuere. 

impersonal: gram. ¢. ¢., imperso- 
nalis, e: Diom.: Prisc. Phr.: to lbez., 
personis carere, Prisc. 

impersonally : * impersonaliter 
(gram. t. t.): Forcell.s, v. (As used in 
Rom. law, the adv. = without specifica- 
tion of persons: Flor. Dig. 45, 3, 15-) 

impersonate: partes (alicujus) sus- 
tineo, ueor,defendo: v. PART. See also 
To act (B.) 

imversonation: expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art. 

impertinence: insdlentia, os (du- 
Tum): V. INSOLENCE, EFFRONTERY. 

imnertinent: |. Not pertinent : 
qued non (nil) pertinet ad rem; quod 
nil attinet: Vv. IRRELEVANT; TO BELONG 
Cill.). ff. Pert, rude: insdlens, parum 
vérécundus: Vv. INSOLENT, IMPUDENT. 

impertinently: p:rum (nil) ad 
rem; insdlenter: v. preced. art. 

imperturbable: __ 1, immotus (un- 
moved, unshaken): Virg.: Tac. ; 
immobilix, e: culm, undismayed, and 
z., tranquillus, intrepidus, im., Gell. 19, 
12, fin.: foll. by adversum and acc., 
acy He 452. 3. sdlidus (substan- 
tial): 7. mind, s. mens, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 4- 

4, constans, nitis (sett/ed, unbroken) : 

%. good-humour, *c. comitas ac facilitas : 
v. CONSTANT. 

imperturbably: immoto animo, 
Tac.: v. preced. art. (Or. expr. by cir- 
cuml., ita ut perturbari animove dejici 
non possit.) 

impervious: impervius: v. IMPENE- 
TRABLE. 

impetigo: impétigo, inis, f.: Cels. 

impetuosity : 1, impétus, Us 
(lit. a rush): with such rapidity and %., 
ea celeritate eoque i., Caes. B. G. 5, 18: 
to attack with blind 7. (fig.), caeco i. in 
aliquem incurrere, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43- 

9. vis, vim, vi, f.: Vv. FORCE, VIo- 

LENCE. 3, incitatio (heat, excite- 
ment) : cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 92, animi inci- 
tatio atque alacritas, quae studio pugnae 
accenditur. Join: vis atque incitatio, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161. 4, vidlentia: 
V. VIOLENCE. 

impetuous: |. Moving rapidly 
and with violence : 1. rapidus: the 
t. torrent, r. torrens, Virg. Aen. 2, 305: 
Caes. : Vv. RAPID. 9, vidlentus: into 
the thick of his foes rushes the 7. boar, 
aper medios v. fertur in hostes, Ov. Met. 


8, 338: Virg.: Vv. VIOLENT. 8, vébé- 
mens: vV. VIOLENT. Il. Hasty and 
vehement of disposition : 1. acer, 
cris, cre: V. EAGER, SPIRITED. 9. fer- 
vidus, fervens: v. FIERY (IL). 
impetuously: ripidé (only of 


things), vidlenter, vehémenter : v. VIO- 
LENTLY, and comp. VIOLENT. Phr.: so 
i., eo (tanto) impetu, Caes.: v. IM- 
PETUOSITY. 

impetuousness: VY. IMPETUOSITY. 

impetus : J. Lit.: propelling 
force: Phr.: to give an t. to the blow, 
*quo majore vi [atque impetu] ictus 
adigatur: it gains fresh t. as i goes, 
vires acquirit eundo, Virg. Aen. 4, 175 
(of rumour). ll. Fig.: furtherance, 
wmpulse: these circumstances gave an 
t. to the revolution, *haec omnia vires 
addiderunt iis qui novis rebus stude- 
bant. 

impiety: 1, impiétas (wrongful 
conduct towards parents, country, the 
gods): there is nothing which 

394 


a Ch-aiD: |} 


males 
| 


IMPLICATE 


men so wretched as t. and guilt, nihil 
est quod tam miseros faciat quam imp, 
et scelus, Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 66: cf. id. Am. 
12, 42. 9, scélus, éris, n.: V. WICKED- 
NESS, GUILT. Phr.: they hold it to_be 
an 7., netas habent (foll. by inf.), Cic. 
N. D. 3, 22, 56; fas non putant, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 12: to tend to i., ad solven- 
dam religionem pertinere, Val. Max. 1, 
I, 12. 

impinge: expr. by impingo, pegi, 
pactum, 3 (with pron. refl., or as pass.): 
or perh. better, incido, i, 3: Vv. TO DASH 
AGAINST, FALL UPON. 

impious: 1, impius (strictly, un- 
dutiful to parents, country, or gods): 
to be ranked amoung the i. and accursed, 
numero imp. ac sceleratorum haberi, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 13: Cic.: the gods distin- 
guish between the pious and the t., dii 
piorum et imp. rationem habent, Cic. 
N.D. 2,7 15: am unjust and %. war, 
bellum injustum atque imp., Cic. Rep. 
2 GH 9, nétarius (stronger than im- 
pius): v. ABOMINABLE, 8. scélestus, 
scélératus, conscélératus: Vv. WICKED, 
ACCURSED. 4, profanus: v. PROFANE. 

5, irreligidsus (very rare, except in 

late Lat.): v. IRRELIGIOUS. (Liv. has 
the word = contrary to religion, 5, 49, 
fin) Phr.: it is 7, nefas est (loll. by 
inf.), Cic. Sen. 5, 13° cf. IMPIETY (/in.). 

impiously: impié, nélarie: Cic. (lor 
syn. V. IMPIOUS.) 

implacable: 1. implacabilis, e: 
to be t. touards any one, in aliquem 
imp. esse, Cic. Fam. 10, 3; with dat., 
Liv. 8, 35, .fin.: @. resentments, imp. ira- 
cundiae, Cic, 9. inexpiabilis, e 
(stronger than preced., and less freq. of 
persons): t. hatred, in. odium, Liv. 39, 
51, med.: to be utterly i. touards any 
one, sese alicui implacabilem in.que 
praebere. Cic. in Pis. 33, init. 3. In- 
exorabilis, e (not to be prevailed upon 
by entreaties): Vv. INEXORABLE. 8 
pertinax : 7. hatred, p. odium, Plin. 24, 1, 
1. 5, pervicax: against Callisthenes 
his temper was more %., in Callisthenem 
pervicacioris irae fuit, Curt. 8, 6, init. : 
most %. focs, pervicacissimi hostes, Flor 
I, 11: Vv. OBSTINATE. 6, atrox: v. 
CRUEL, UNRELENTING. 

implacably: implacabiliter (v. 
rare): Tac. Ann. 1,13. Phr.: more a. 
angry, iracundiae implacabilioris, per- 
vicacioris: V. IMPLACABLE. 

implant: 1. inséro, sérui, situm, 
3 (esp. in perf. part.): that which an in- 
nate force has 2.’d (in the mind): quod 
quaedam innata vis inseruit, Cic. Inv. 
2, 53, 161: the perf. part. is used of that 
which is either native to the mind or 
deeply rooted there: cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 
44, imsitas deorum vel potius innatas 
cognitiones habemus. 9. ingénéro, 1 
(to engender): nature i.s affection for 
offspring, natura ing. amorem in eos qui 
procreati sunt, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 12: with 
dat. of person, Cic. Agr. 2, 35, init.: 
Liv. 3, ingigno, génui, itum, 3 (like 
preced.): nature has i.d in man a de- 
sire to find truth, natura cupiditatem 
ingenuit homini veri inveniendi, Cic. 
Fin. 2,14, 46. Phr.: to be i.’d ( firmly 
rooted) in the mind, in mente inhaerere, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33. 

implead: litem alicui intendo, 3: v. 
ACTION (V.). 

implement : 1, instrimentum 
(usu. as collect., and so equiv. to a 
plural: it then includes the entire stoch 
or furniture necessary for an occupa- 
tion): there is need of so many 1.8, 
tanto opus est instrumento, Cic. Fin. 2, 
34, 111: Cato: also in pl., t.s needed in 
Jarming, instrumenta quae ruri_neces- 
saria sunt, Pall. R. R. 1, 43. 2. only 
in pl., arma, orum (in this sense chiefly 
poet.): bread-making i.s, Cerealia a., 
Virg. Aen, 1,177: ef. id. G. 1, 160. 335 
ferramentum (an iron tool): t.s of hus- 
bandry, agrestia f., Liv. 1, 40: @ variety 
of iron i.s (of husbandry), ferramento- 
rum varietas, Varr. R. R. 1, 22: Cato: 
Vv. TOOL. 

implicate: i. 
criminally : 


tmvolve : esp. 


1 MP 





' and xtum, 2 (esp. as pass. refl. or with 





e. to 
1, admisceo, ui, stum 


pron. refl. = to implicate oneself: foll. 
by ad; alsa absol.): should I 7. myself 
in such a design ? ad id consilium ad- 
miscear? Cic. Ph. 12, 7, 16: do not i. 
yourself, no one accuses you, ne te ad- 
misce, nemo accusat, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 
22. Q. alligo, 1 (with pron. reft., to 
i. oneself in a charge; foll. by gen. or 
abl.): to i. oneself in crime (= plead 
guilty of it), al. se scelere, Caes. Fl. 
17, 41: foll. by gen., Ver. Eun. 4, 7, 39: 
v. Parry ad l. 3. implico, 1, reg.5 
also ui, itum, I (tv entangle, involve): 
cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, 44, ipse te im- 
pedies; ipse tu tua detfensione impli- 
cabere (you will get yourself into diffi- 


culties): Vv. TO INVOLVE. 4, expr. by 
affinis : Vv. foll. art. 
implicated (art. adj.): 1, af- 


finis, is (concerned in: with dat.): i 
you imugine but few to be i. in this 
scheme, huic facinori si paucos putatis 
af. esse, Cic. Cat. 4, 3,6: Liv. Also with 
gen.: Liv. 2. conscius (@ party to: 
with gen.): Vv. PRIVY (adj.). 
implication: Phr.: to say a thing 
by i., not directly, intelligi velle potius 
quam dicere, cr. Quint. 6, 3, 88: if somes 
thing bad is to be understood, per sus- 
picionem dicere, Quint. 1. c.: there is 
herve something stated by %., *subest bis 
verbis sensus quidam; v. TO IMPLY, 
Sometimes, esp. in legal lang., tacite = 
by implication: Nerat. Dig. 20, 2, 4. 
implicit: — |. Opp. to explicit ; im- 
plied though not exp: essed: tacitus: an 
i. agreement, t. conventio, Ulp. Dig. 20, 
2, 3: ef. Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 140, quae per- 
spicua sint, tartis exceptionibus caveri. 
|]. Absolute, unconditional: Wbr.: 
to vender i. obedience to any one, *jussa 
alicujus fideliter [summa observantia] 
exsequi; imperata obedientissime fa- 
cere (cf. Liv. 21, 34): to place 7. conji- 
dence in any one, omnem [summam] 
fidem alicui habere, cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 57, 
jin.: i. faith (theol.), *fides sincera at- 
que integra (?). 
implicitly: |. 4s implied: tacite: 
V. IMPLICATION ( fin.) |]. Absolutely : 
omni [summa] obedientia, observantia, 
fide, etc.: v. preced. art. (I1.). 
implore: 1, imploro, 1 (¢o appeal 
to with tears or earnestly): very often 
with another verb: imp. et appellare ; 
imp. atque obtestari, Cic. Verr. 5, 72, 
188; [misericordiam ] imp. et exposcere, 
Cic. Mil. 34, init. A verbal clause fol- 
lowing must be introduced by ut, ne: cf. 
Caes. B. G. 1, 51. 2. posco, exposco, 
poposci, 3 (the latter more emphatic ; to 
ask urgently): tot. victory of the Gods, 
victoriam ab Divis ex., Caes. B. C. 2, 5: 
Cic.: v. supr. (Posco rarely in this 
sense: v. TO BEG, L., 5). 3, Oro, 1 (to 
beg, entveat: scarcely so strong as the 
Eng.): Join: orare atque obsecrare, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, 425 rogare atque 
orare, ib. § 96; orare et obtestari, Cic. 
Pl. ext. 4, obsecro, 1: v. TO EN- 
TREAT. See also TO BEG, BESEKCH, 
imploring (part. adj.): Phr.: with 
i. looks, *eo habitu oris quo quis opem 
implorare possit; quasi obsecrantis 
vultu: v. TO IMPLORE. 
imploring (suvbs.): imploratio, ob 
testatio, obsecratio: Cic. 
imploringly: *implorantis atque 
obtestantis modo: v. TO IMPLORE. 
imply: 1, expr. by intelligo, exi, 
ectum, 3 (to mean): what is not actu- 
ally said is i.’d, intelligitur quod non 
dicitur, Quint. 6, 3, 88: the direct oppo- 
site of what is said is %.’d, contraria di- 
cuntur iis quae intelligi (debent), Quint. 
8, 6,56: if you did not say it yout.’a 
it, *si minus ea verbis dixisti, attamen 
intelligi voluisti. 2, habeo, 2 (to in- 
volve in it; to include the notion of). 
avarice is the love of money, avaritia 
pecuniae studium h., Sall. Cat. 11: that 
course seems to 7. (or involve) unfair. 
ness, h. videtur ista res iniquitatem, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 4,7: what is id in the nature of 
the case, id quod res habet, Sall. Cat. 51, 
med. 3. expr. by insum, subsum (& 
be involved or implied in): im super- 


IMPOLITE 





stition is i.’d an idle fear of the gods, in 
superstitione inest inanis mor deorum, 
Cie. N. D. 1, 42, 117 (also full. by dat.) : 
even though no resemblance be 1%.’d, 
etiamsi nulla subsit similitudo, Quint. 
6, 3, 54 (¥. TO UNDERLIF). See also IM- 
PLICATION, IMPLICIT (1.). 

impolite: 


tam in. ac paene inhumanus, Lic. de Or. 
2, 90, 365: Hor.: Quint. Q. illé- 
pidus: v. INELEGANT. 3, Inhimanus 
(uncivil, disobliging) : V. UNCOURTEOUS. 
4, rusticus (cowntrified): v. AWK- 

WARD. See also RUDE, BOORISH. 

impolitely : inurbané, inbamane, 
rusticé: Cic. (for syn. v. preced. art.). 

impoliteness: inhimanitas, rus- 
ticitas : for syn. Vv. IMPOLITE. 

impolicy; inconsulta ratio: v. foll. 
art. 

impolitic; inconsulius: to censure 
the i. (or imprudent) course of any oe, 
alicujus inc. rationem vituperare, Cic. 
Rab. Post. 1,1: Pl.- Liv. Pbr.: is not 
this extrem ly i., *noune baec sunt in- 
consultissime agentium ? (cf. L. G. § 638, 
Obs. 2): a most rash and t. person, *vir 
temerarius minimique consilii; vir mi- 
nime providus; incaulissimus: v. DM- 
PRUDENT. 

imponderable: ponderis expers : 
sine pondere, Ov.: v. WITHOUT. 

import (v.): |. Zu bring into a 
country): 1. importo, 1: to @. wine, 
catile, vinum, jumenta imp., Caes. B. G. 
4, 2: Varr. 2, invého, xi, ctum, 3: 
to i. foreign merchandise, peregrinas 
merces inv., Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 24. Il. 
To concern; expr. by intérest, réfert: v. 
IMPORTANCE (L., Phr.). Il]. Zo mean: 
volo: v. TO MEAN. 

import (suls.): 1, Meaning: sig- 
nificatio: v. MEANING (or expr. by sig- 
nifico: v. TO MEAN). ||. Chiefly in 
pl., imported yoods: merces importati- 
ciae; quae imp:ertantur: v. IMPORTED 
(adj.); TO IMPORT. 

importance: _|. Ofthings; weight, 
concernment : 1, momentum (that 
which inclines things one way or the 
other): to be of great 7. (to a particular 
object): magno m. (dat.) esse ad... ., 
Cic. Inv. 2, 26,77: or gen., Cic. Fin. 4, 
17, 47: also, absol., to think a thing of 
small %., aliquid levi momento aesti- 
mare. Caes. B. G. 7, 39- 2. pondus, 
Gris, n. (weight): to be of %., p. habere, 
Cic. : tomake trifles of too much 7., nugis 
addere p., Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 42: often joined 
with momentum: to be of very great i., 
maximi esse momenti et p., Cic. Vat. 4, 
init. 3. discrimen, inis, ”. (critical 
i.): I shall not make of much %., haud 
in magno d. ponam, Liv. pref. med.: 
measures of the highest 7., consilia magni 
d., Liv. 31, 32. 4, prétium (of that 
which answers a purpose): it was of 7. 
to Germanicus, Germanico p. fuit, Tac. 
Ann. 1, 57 (where p. operae [curae, Plin. 
Ep.] would have been the more usual 
expr.: cf. Liv. pref., facturusne operae 
p. sim, whether the end is of sufficient 7. 
to repay the labour). 5, caput, itis, 
n. (that which is of primary t.): free- 
dom from care ts of the very first t. for 
a good life, c. est ad bene vivendum se- 
curitas, Cic. Am. 13, 45. 6, expr. of 
importance by adj.: gravis, amplus, 
etc.: Vv. IMPORTANT. Phr.: to be of 7.: 
(1.) réfert, tilit, 3, irr. (impers.): of 
what i. is it? quid refert? the person 
to whom, expr. by possess. prons. mea, 
tua, etc. (to me, to you, etc.), and gen. of 
a subs. (L. G. § 283): the degree of i. is 
expr. by the genitives tanti, quanti, 
ete.; by the neuters multum, tantum, 
quantum, etc.; also by the adverbs 
magnopere, vehementer, etc. (N.B.— 
The gen. of a subs. is rare with refert.) 
(2.) intérest, fuit (¢mpers.): same constr. 
as preced.: v. L. G. l.c. (3.) condicit, 
xit, 3 (tt is of advantage: usu. with 
dat.): ¥. TO conpUCE. (4.) Opus est: 
V. NECESSARY. |], Of persons or bodies 
of men; influence, consideration . ag 
amplitudo (distinguished and influential 


1, inurbanus (ieitthout | 
refinement): so t. and almost boorish, | 





IMPORTUNE 


summa a., Cie. Br. 81,281. Join: am- 
plitudo ac dignitas [civitatis], Cic. de 


Or. 2, 29, 164; nobilitas et a, Cic. R. | 


Am. I, 3. Q. dignitas (esp. of a per- 
sonal nature): V. DIGNITY. 3. pon- 
dus, Gris, n. (weight): people of 7., qui 
p. habent, Cic. Att. 11, 6, ad init. 4. 
auctoritas: Vv. INFLUENCE. 5, gravitas 


(weight, consideration: rare ia this | 


sense): extent and i. of a people, ampli- 
tudo gravitasque civitatis, Caes. B. G. 4, 
2 6. expr. of importance by gravis, 
amplus, etc.: V. DIVORTANT, INFLUEN- 
TIAL. Phr.: to be a person of gieatt., 
plurimum pollere, Cic. (v. WEIGHT, IN- 
FLUENCE); more familiarly, esse ali- 
quid, Plin. kp 1, 23, 2: Juv.: to say 
something of %., dicere aliquid, Cic. Tuse. 
I, 10, 20: 80, to deem anything of no 
i., aliquid nihil putare, Cic. Sext. 53, 
114: to be of great 7., magni esse (v. IM- 
PORTANT, 2): of Little z., lévis (v. UNIM- 


PORTANT): to deem oneself a person of | 


so much 7., tantum sibi sumere, arrogare, 
Cic, Pl. 1, 3: to make out a thing to be 
of more i. than it is, aliquid amplificare 
atque augere (Vv. TO EXAGGERATE): 
to deem anything of the first 7., aliquid 
antiquissimum (primum) putare (v. IM- 
PORTANT, 3): to assign the piace of %. to 
anything, alicui rei primas (partes) dare, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213. 
important: |. Of things; we7ghty, 
Serious : 1, gravis (grave, weighty) : 
i. and serious matters, res gr. seriaeque, 
Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103: Vv. WEIGHTY. 9. 
magnus (most gen. expr. great in any 
way): on t. business, magnis de rebus, 
Hor. S. 1, 5, 28: Cic.: Liv.: with some 
verbs, as esse, facere, the gen. m#gni 
may be used (L. G § 281): to be very t., 
magni (maximi) esse, Ant. in Cic. Att. 
10, 8: to deem very %., magni facere, ex- 
istimare, Cic. Simly, so, how 7., may be 
expr. by tantus, quantus (tanti, quanti), 
cf. Cie Dom. Ll. c. 3, antiquus (only 
in comp. and superl.: of that which takes 
the piecedence of other things): nor did 
I deem anything more t. than.... 
nec quicquam babui antiquius quam ut, 
ete., Cic. Fam. 11, 5: deeming it of the 
very highest i., longe antiquissimum 
ratus, Liv. 1, 32, ad iit. Join: neque 
prius, neque antiquius, Vell. 2, 52, 4. 
4. prior, primus (more, most 7.) : 
the things which men deem most %., quae 
mortales prima ducunt, Sall. Cat. 37: 
what was the most i. thing in oratory, 
quid in dicendo esset primum, Cic. de Or. 
3, 56, 213: v. supr. (3). 5, expr. by 
momentum, with adj. of quantity: very 
i., magni (maximi) momenti, Cic.: v. 
IMPORTANCE (L., 1). I]. Of persons or 
bodies of men; possessed of weight and 
influence : 1. amplus (considerable 
in respect of extent, influence): an t. 
and flourishing state, civitas a. atque 
florens, Caes. B. G. 4, 3: V. DISTIN- 
GUISHED. Q, gravis: ant. and wealthy 
city, g. atque opulenta civitas, Liv. 34, 
17, extr.: V. INFLUENTIAL. 
imported (part. and adj.): 1b 
importatus- they use 7. copper, aere 
utuntur i., Caes B. G. 5, 12: ib. 4, 2. 
Q. invectus (always part.): a pre- 
cious stone t. from Aethiopia, gemma ex 
Aethiopia i., Plin. 5, 5, 5- 3. impor- 
taticius (indicating that which ts an ar- 
ticle of commerce: rare): t. corn, fru- 


mentum imp, Hirt. B. Afr. 20. 4. 
invecticius (like preced.): cf. Sen. Ep. 
23, 4. 


importer: qui merces (peregrinas) 
invehit: v. TO IMPORT. 

importunate: Phr.: an 7%. person, 
flagitator molestus; assiduus et acer, 
Cic. Br. 5, 18. Also flagitator itself may 
be used as adj.: cf. L. G. § 598. Some- 
times improbus (shameless) may serve 
cf. Quint. 11, 3, 160, perfricare faciem et 
quasi improbam tacere. (N.B.—By no 
means importunus: v., Lat. Dict. s. v.) 

importune: flagito, 1 (to demand 
energetically): cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 8, init., 
metuo ne te forte flagitent, ego autem 
mandavi ut rogarent. Join: implo- 
rare et flagitare, Cic. Rab. perd. 3, 9. 


position): highest t. (or distinction), | See also TO BEG. 








| dat. of person: 


IMPOVERISH 





importunity : assiduitas in rogande 
s. flagitando: v. mvorTtuNaTe. Vulg. 
Luc. xi. 8, has improbitas, i. e. shame 
lessness: v. preced. art.: cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 
g, 11, frontis ad urhanae (= pertrictae) 
descendi praemia (de rogando }. 
impose: J. Praus.: t appowne 
to or for: 1, impono, pdsui. itum, 3: 
Caesar has id upon me this duty, 
partes mihi has Caesar imposuit, Ant, in 
Cic. Att. 10, 10: Cic. 2. injungo, 3: 
Vv. TO ENJOIN. 8, statno, 3: v. TO Frx, 
APPOINT, Il. Vo practise fraud upon : 
1, impono, pdsui, Itum, 3 (with 
some such word 48 
fraudem being perb. understood, to play 
off a trick upon any one: cf. Cic Q Fr. 
2, 6, med., Catoni egregie imposu't Milo 
noster): those on «hom lucury i.» under 
the mask of liberality, quibus luxuria 
specie liberalitatis imponit, Tac. H. 1, 
30: Plin. (mot exactly thus in best 
authors). Q. décipio, 3: v. TO DE- 
cCeEIVE. Phr.: toi. upon any one’s for- 
bearance, patientia alicujus abuti, Cic. 
Cat. 1, 1, init.: v. TO ABUSE. 
imposing (@4j.): Phr.: an i. spec- 
tacle, spectacuium magnificum, Liv. 10, 
40, fin.: with 7%. effect, egregia specie, 
Tac. Agr. 25. 3 
imposition: |. We act of plac- 
ing upon: expr. by impono: v. TO 
PLACE UPON}; IMPOSE. ll. Fraud: 
praestigiae, fallacia, fraus: v. DECEP- 
TION. 
impossibility: impossibilitas (late 
and unclass.: only to be used in phil. 
sense, if at all): Apul.: Tert. Usu. 
better expr. by fieri non posse: v. Pos- 
sIBILity. Phr.: to attempt is, insupe- 
rabilibus vim addere, Liv. 38, 20 (where 
the ref. is to obstacles of ground): im- 
possibilia aggredi. Quint. 5, 13, 34: tl 
desire 7.8, plura [majora] concupiscere 
quam quis efficere possit, Nep. Con. 5. 
impossible : 1, impossibilis, e 
(late, and to be used only in phil. sense, 
af at all): Quint. (v. preced. art. fin.): 
Just. : Lact. 9. infectus (rare in this 
sense): nothing t. to Metellus, nil inf. 
Metello, Sall. Jug. 76, init. 3, usu. 
better expr. by fieri s. effici non posse: v- 
POSSIBLE; ABLE, TO BE. (N.B.—Some- 
times, when foll. by an inf., may be 
expr. by a verbal adj.: 7. to be crossed 
over, insuperabilis, Liv.: t. to be taken, 
inexpugnabilis, Cic.: Liv.: v. IMPAss- 
ABLE, IMPREGNABLE, €tc.) 
impost: tributum: v. TAX. 
impostor: 1. planus (strictly, 
a strolling player of tricis; hence, a 
deceiver): cf. Hor. 1, 17, 59 (Cic. Clu. 
26, 72, has the word = vagabond) : Aug. 
2. impostor (late): Ulp lig. 21, 1, 
4,§2: Hier. Ep. 38, fin. 3. expr. by 
circuml., ad fallendum, ad fallacias pa- 
ratus, instructus (Kr.). 
imposture: 1. praestigiae (strictly, 
jugglery): that kind of i. and deception 
(astrology), id pr. atque offuciarum genus, 
Gell. 14, 1, imit.: cf. PL. Capt. 3, 3, 9° ¥. 
TRICK. 9. fallacia: v. DECEPTION. 
3, impostiira (late and very rare): 
Treb. Gall. 12: Ulp. Dig. 
impotence? |. ant of strength 
impotency { or power: imbécillitas, 
infirmitas: v. WEAKNESS. |], Jnability 
to beget: stérilitas: Plin. 25, 7, 33: Ulp. 
Dig. 28, 2, 6. II]. Ungovernable pas- 
sion : impidtentia (ordinary use of this 
word): Cic.: Vell.: Suet. 
impotent: |. Lacking strength 
or power : imbécillus, infirmus: Vv. WEAK, 
INFIRM. J, Without generative power : 
1. spado, dnis, m.: those naturally 
i, natura spadones, Ulp. Dig. 50, 16, 
128: cf. ib. 23, 3, 39, § 2 Q. expr. 
by circuml., qui generare non potest, 
Ulp. Dig. 28, 2, 6; qui liberos creare 
non potest; qui virilitate caret, Forcell. 
Ill. Ungovernably passionate: im- 
potens : v. UNGOVERNABLE, 
impotently : imbécillé: v. FEEBLY. 
impound: perh. in septo includere : 
V. TO SHUT UP. 
imroverish: |. To reduce to po- 
verty : exhaurio, si, stum, 4: to be t.’d 
(“drained’’) by expenditure, sumptu ex- 
395 


IMPOVERISHED 


IMPROPERLY IMPRUDENT 








hauriri, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2: to 7. allies by 
levying supplies, socios commeatibus 
raebendis ex., Liv. 37, 19: tot. an heir 
y legacies, heredem legatis ex., Plin. 
Ep. 5, 1, 9. Phr.: ais father's death 
not merely put him in mourning but 7.d 
him, cui non modo luctum mors patris 
attulit, verum etiam egestatem (less 
strong, paupertatem, inopiam], Cic. R. 
Am. §, 13. , To exhaust strength ; 
as of land, etc.: émicio, 1: to be dried 
up and i.’d (by certain crops), peruri et 
emaciari, Col. 2, 14, init. 

impoverished (part. adj.): egens: 
V. DESTITUTE. 

impoverishment: expr. by verb: 
v. TO IMPOVERISH. 

impracticable: expr. by fieri non 
posse: Vv. PRACTICABLE. An 7%. route, 
via insuperabilis, Liv. 21, 36. See also 
INTRACTABLE. 

imprecate: _1, précor, 1 (in good 
or bad sense): fo 7%. evil wpon any one, 
mala alicui pr., Cic. in Pis. 19, init. : 
where the object does not fix the sense, 
male is added, ib. 14, fin. 9. im- 
précor, I (not in Cic.): to 7%. cwrses upon 
any one, diras alicui imp., Plin. 8, 7,7: 
Virg.: Mart. 3, exsecror, 1 (to curse) : 
Thyestes %.’s upon Atreus that he may 
perish by shipwreck, exs. Thyestes, ut 
naufragio pereat Atreus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 
107: t.ing curses on his own head for 
not having marched his troops to Rome, 
in se ac suum caput exsecratus quod 
non militem Romam duxisset, Liv. 30, 
20, fin.: Sall.: v. TO EXECRATE, CURSE. 

4, tristibus (infaustis, funestis) 

ominibus prosequor (with ref. to one who 
goes on an expedition): Cic. in Pis. 13, 
extr. 


imprecation: _ 1. préces, um, /.: 
to heap the direst 1.8 upon any one, om- 
nibus pr. detestari aliquem, Cic. B. G. 6, 
31: Ov.: Hor. 9. imprécatio (rare) : 
to heap fearful i.s upon any one, [exse- 
crari aliquem et] caput dira imp. de- 
figere, Sen. Ben. 6, 35: Plin. 8, ex- 
secratio: to go forth amidst i.s, [malis 
ominibus atque] exsecrationibus exire, 
Cic. Sext. 33, 74: Tac.: Vv. EXECRATION. 
4, dirae: v. curse. Comp. preced. 
art. (2.). 
imprecatory : expr. by verb: 7. say- 
ings, exsecrantium verba (cf. L. G. § 638, 
Obs. 2). 
impregnable: 1. inexpugnabilis, 
e: a i. citadel, arx in., Liv. 2, 7, med. : 
Cic. Join: tutus, inexpugnabilis, 
septus atque munitus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 
41 [fig.]. 9, tutus: ef. Cic. Man. 11. 
31, quis locus tam firmum habuit prae- 
sidium ut tutus esset? cf. swpr.(2). 3. 
bene miunitus: Lucr. 2, 7. The superl. 
munitissimus also occurs : Caes. 
impregnably: *ita ut expugnari 
non possit, inexpugnabilis sit. 
impregnate: |. Zo make preg- 
nant: praegnantem s. gravidam facere : 
Vv. PREGNANT. (Cic. has p. part. gravi- 
data [terra], N. D. 2, 33, 83: but the 
verb is extremely rare.) |. Zo render 
prolific: fécundo, 1: ¥. TO FERTILIZE. 
III. Zo infuse into: nearest words 
perh. injicio, immitto, affero, etc.: v. 
TO INSPIRE. 
impregnated: gravidus, gravidatus: 
Vv. PREGNANT. 
impregnation: perh. *fecundatio. 
impress: |. 70 press upon: im- 
primo, essi, essum, 3: to 7. a seal in 
waz, sigillum in cera imp., Cie. Ac. 2, 
26, extr.: to i. the lip of the cupping- 
glass upon the body, 0s cucurbitulae cor- 
pori imp., Cels. 2, 11. See also TO PRESS. 
I, To urge upon the mind : inculco, 
1 (implying reiteration): to teach, or 
rather, t. upon the mind, tradere, vel 
etiam inc. Cic. de Or. 1, 28,127: tot. a 
thing upon any one’s memory, aliquid 
memoriae alicujus inc., Quint. 6, 4, 5. 
(Not imprimo in this sense.) Il. Zo 
produce an effect upon the mind: mo- 
veo, movi, tum, 2 (to influence): Cic.: 
Liv.: v. mpresston (II.). Stronger is 
permoveo, Cic.: Caes. Phr.: this re- 
nark very deeply i.d him, quod verbum 
n pecs ele) alte descendit, cf. Sall. 
39 


jin. conquisitionem militum habere. 





Jug. 11, fin. IV. Zo compel to enter jmpropriate: *in privatos nsus con- 
the public service: aliquem invitum | verto; or perh. alieno, I: v. TO 
scribo, sacramento adigo, etc.: V.TO EN- | ALIENATE, 


impropriator: *qui fundos ecclesi- 
asticos possidet. 

impropriation: *aliénatio (agri s. 
fundi ecclesiastici). 

impropriety: quod indecorum est, 
quod non decet: v. UNBECOMING. 

improve: |. Zo make better: 1, 
expr. by mélior, with a verb: vf time i.s 
poetry as it does wine, si meliora dies ut 
vina poemata reddit, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34: 
a Phrygian is id by beating (prov.), 
by attack: Phr.: when they made noi., Phryx plagis fieri solet m., Cic. Fl. 27, 
postquam nihil commovebant, Liv. 30, 18, 65. 9. emendo, 1 (implying the ex- 
init. ; cf. infr., (nostem) turbare ac statu | tstence of actual fault, to be removed) : 
movere: noi, was made on either line, | a state is mostly t.d and corrected by the 
ita conflixerunt ut in neutram partem | integrity of its leading men, solet civitas 
inclinarent acies, Liv.7.33. |V. Hjfect | emendari et corrigi continentia princi- 
produced upon the mind: expr. by mo- | pum, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30: to t. one soil by 
veo, commoveo, permoveo, 2: the con- | means of another, terram terra e., Plin. 
sul’s speech had produced an a. upon the | 17, 5, 3, § 41: Hor. 8. excdlo, ui, 
commons, moverat plebem oratio con- | ultum, 3 (by cultivation and care): 
sulis, Liv. 3, 20, init.: to produce an i. | (Cicero) was the first to i. oratory, pri- 
upon the bench, mentem judicum perm., | mus excoluit orationem, Dial. Or. 22: 
Cic. Or, 38, init.: v. TO INFLUENCE, EX- | let us yield ourselves up to philosophy to 
cITE: cf. TO mpREss (III). V. An |i., demus nos philosophiae excolendos, 
indistinct idea: Phr.: to have an i. | Cic. Tusc. 4, extr. 4, corrigo, 3: Vv. 
that .... suspicari (?): ef. Cic. Br. | TO CORRECT. 5, mitigo, 1 (by taking 
14, 15. away wildness of any kind): lo enrich 

impressive: perh. gravis, cf. Cic. de | and 7. land, agros laetificare et m., Cic. 
Or. 2, 56, 227, nec apud populum gra- | N. D. 2, 50, 130. Il. Zo take advan- 
vior oratio, but the term denotes esp. | tage of: Utor, usus, 3 (with abl.): v. To 


List. Or perh. conquiro, cf. Liv. 23, 32, 


impressible: qui facile movetur, 
commovetur: v. TO IMPRESS (III.). 

impression: | |. Lhe act of press- 
ing anything on: impressio: Cic. Ac. 2, 
18, 58. Or expr. by imprimo: v. TO 
IMPRESS (I.). Il. That which is pro- 
duced by the act : impressio, ef. Cic. 1. c.: 
thei.s of coins, impressiones nummorum, 
Aug. — |||. Effect produced upon troops 


dignity, elevation of tone, cf, ib. § 228, | USE. Il]. Intr.: to become better: 
omnium gravissimus et salsissimus: to 1, melior fio, factus, irr.: v. supr. 
be more i. (of a speech), plus habere mo- (L., amit.). 2. proficio, féci, fectum, 


menti, Quint. 11, 3,5. Phr.: t. proofs, 
magna documenta, cf. Nagels. p. 322: he 
was an t. speaker, *plurimum valebat 
ad mentes audientium dicendo permo- 
vendas; prae aliis suadendo pollebat. 

impressively: graviter Sas weight 
and dignity): Cic. Sen. 6, 16. 

impressiveness: gTavitas: cf. Cic. 
de Or. 2, 17, 72, omnium sententiarum 
gravitate, omnium verborum ponderibus 
est utendum. 

imprint: imprimo, pressi, ssum, 3: 
toi.a mark on a person's lips with the 
teeth, imp. dente notam labris, Hor. Od. 
3,13, 13: to be id upon the mind, in 
animum imprimi, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 58: v. 
TO IMPRESS. 

imprison: |. Lit.: 1. expr. 
by carcer, Gris, m., and_a verb: in car- 
cerem conjicere, Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 723 
condere, ib. 29, extr.; ducere (to lead 
away to prison), ib. 30, med.: carcere 
includere, Curt. 8, 7, med. 9. so by 
vincula, orum: in vincula conjicere, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 273 ducere (v. supr.), 
Liv. 5, 9; abripere (with haste), Cic. 
Verr. 4, 10, jin. 8, so by custodia : 
v. foll. art. If. Fig.: te confine: in- 
clido, si, sum, 3: while we are i.’d in this 
bodily frame, dum sumus in his inclusi 
corporis compagibus, Cic. Sen. 21, 77- 

imprisonment: expr. by vincula, 
less freq. carcer (cf. TO IMPRISON): ¢0 
consign to perpetual gloom and %., aeter- 
nis tenebris vinculisque mandare, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 5, fin.: to be kept in 7. in vin- 
culis haberi, Sall. Cat. 51, extr.: cf. 
Verr. 4, 24, 59, mitto vincula, mitto 
carcerem, etc.: after one’s release From 
i., emissus e carcere, cf. Cic. Pl. 12, fin.: 
also sometimes custodia (often of a more 
lenient kind): to consign to 7., in c. 
tradere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2,43 dare, id. Verr. 
5, 27, 69. ae 

improbability: expr. by adj.: v. 
foll. art. Phr.: there is extreme t. 
about the story, *minima vel potius 
nulla omnino rei verisimilitudo est: v. 


3 (in study): Sen. Ep. 108, 3: see also 
IMPROVEMENT (L1.). 

improvement: |, The act: expr. 
by verb: v. preced. art. (I). Phr.: to 
study philosophy with a view to self-i., 
pbilosophiam in suum remedium exer- 
cere, Sen. Ep. rit, I. I]. Progress 
made : profectus, Us: according as each 
pupil seemed to be malcing the most t., 
ut quisque praecedere profectu vide- 
batur, Quint. 1, 2, 23: Sen. Zo make i., 
proficere: v. TO IMPROVE ( fin.). 

improvidence: no single word: as 
gen. term, inconsiderantia (rare), im- 
prudentia may serve: v. THOUGHTLESS- 
Ness. Phr.: many have been brought 
to beggary through %., *multi dum rei 
familiari parum prospiciunt ad eges- 
tatem adducti sunt: many evils result 
from i. *futnri improvidos multa occu- 
pant mala. 

improvident: imprdvidus (not look- 
ing forward to the future) : i. and care= 
less generals, i. et negligentes duces, Cic. 
Att. 7, 20: Virg. Also parum s. minime 
providus: v. PROVIDENT. ‘To be t., pa- 
rum s. minus providere, prospicere (with 
dat. of object on behalf of which): 
PROVIDE. 
" improvidently : improvidé: Liv.: 

ol. 


imprudence: 1, inconsu!ta ratio 
(not abstr., but denoting a certain course 
of conduct): cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 1, 
illam sive inanem spem, sive inconsul- 
tam r., sive (gravissimo verbo utar) te- 
meritatem: cf. Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 6, nam 
bene consultum inconsultum est si..., 
prudence is t., if, etc. 2, téméritas 
(stronger than Eng. [comp. preced. ex.), 
but used of all thoughtless and incon- 
siderate conduct): t. and incapacity (of 
generals), t. atque inscitia, Liv. 6, 30, 
med.: cf. Cic. Marc. 2, extr., where it is 
opp. to sapientia; also de Sen. 6, extr., 
where it is opp. to prudentia: v. RASH- 
NESS, 8, expr. by consilium, with a 
negative word: to be characterized by %., 








PROBABILITY. 


improbable: minime, parum, haud 


verisimilis : V. PROBABLE. 


improbably ; haud verisimiliter: v. 


PROBABLY. 


impromptu: *versus ex tempore 
to 
produce an %., versiculos de aliqua re ex 


facti (Kr.): v. EXTEMPORE. Phr.: 
tempore fundere, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 194 
improper: indécdrus, qui (quae, 
quod) minime decet : v. UNBECOMING. 
improperly : indécoré; perpéram 
prave: Vv. UNBECOMINGLY, WRCNGLY. 


c. et ratione defici, Cic. Clu. 65, 184: 
what i.! *O hominem consilii inopem s. 
expertem! cf. PRUDENCE. (N.B.—Not 
imprudentia in exactly this sense: which 
in Cic.= ignorance, lack of intention ; in 
Nep. also, lack of experience and skill.) 
_imprudent: _ 1. inconsultus (lack- 
ing due consideration): Cic.: Liv.: v. 
. | preced. art. (1). . consilii inops, 
, | expers; qui consilio deficitur: v. PRU- 
DENCE. 8, témérarius: v. RASH. (Not 
h Pai in this sense: v. preced. aré 
mn.) 








or-t 


IMPRUDENTLY 


IN 


INADEQUATE 





imprudently: 1. inconsulté: a 
battle begun incautiously and i., proe- 
lium incaute i.que commissum, Liv. 4, 
37: Caes. Q, témére: v. RASHLY. 

impudence: _ 1, impiidentia (shame- 
lessness): Cic.: Caes. 2, expr. by 0s, 
Oris, n. (“face’’) Vv. EFFRONTERY. (For 
this, urbana [= perfricta] frons occurs, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11.) See also WANTON- 
NESS, PERTNESS. 

impudent: 1. impiidens, ntis: 
Vv. SHAMELESS. Q. impiidicus: v. UN- 
CHASTE, IMPURE. Phr.: an t., auda- 
cious lad, duri puer oris et audax, Ov. 
Met. 5, 451. See aiso PERT, WANTON. 

impudently: impiidenter: to lie 
most %., impudentissime mentiri, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 7, 16: v. SHAMELESSLY. See 
also PERTLY, WANTONLY. 

impugn: 1, impugno, 1: to 7. an 

inion, seutentiam i., Tac. H. 4, 8: 

t.: V. TO ASSAIL. 2. convello, i, 
vulsum, 3 (to upset, or try to do so): 
lest I should seem to i. the proceedings of 
Dolabella, ne acta Dolabellae c. videar, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 33, 23. Join: infirmare ac 
convellere, Cic. Caec. 18, 51. 3, in- 
firmo, 1: v. TOINVALIDATE. Phr.: to 
t. any one’s statements, contra aliquem 
dicere, Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4. 

impugner: *qui impugnat, etc.: v. 
TO IMPUGN. 

impulse: |. Force communicated: 

impulsus, us: to be moved by 
external 7., alieno imp. moveri, Cic. N. D. 
Bake: 32. 2. pulsus, Gs: used syn. 
with impulsus, Cic. 1. c.; Gell. gs. 
impulsio: some violent %., aliqua vehe- 
mens imp., Cic. Tim. 5, fin. il. 4 
(sudden) motion of mind: 1, im- 
pétus, ts: roused by a sudden i. of mind, 
repentino quodam imp. animi incitatus, 
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49: (to do anything) 
under an t. of passion, impetu et ira, 
Tac. G. 25: to be led not by mere t., but 
by deliberate design, non imp. quodam 
sed consilio trahi, Plin. Ep.1,8,9. 2, 
impulsio (a more philos. term: rare): 
cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 5, 17, impulsio est quae 
sine cogitatione per quandam affectionem 
animi aliquid facere hortatur. 3. in- 
stinctus, ts (usu. of divine action upon 
the mind): Vv. INSTIGATION, INSPIRATION. 
impulsive: *qui omnia impetu quo- 
dam animi, non consilio facit: cf. preced. 
art. (II.). 

impulsively ; impetu quodam animi: 
Vv. IMPULSE (IL). 

impunity : impinitas: 7. in wrong- 
doing, imp. peccandi s. peccatorum, Cic. : 

With 7., imptiné: to do anything 
with t., aliquid imp. facere, Cic.: Caes. : 
also, imp. ferre (“to get off” with 7.), 
Cic. Fam. 13, 77. 

impure: 1, impirus (most gen. 
term; comprising all moral pollution) : 
an t. mind, animus imp., Sall. Cat. 15: 
Cic. Join: impudens, impurus, in- 
verecundissimus, Pl. Rud. 3, 2, 38; im- 
purus impudicusque, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 23. 

2. incestus (esp., but not solely, 
with ref. to sexual pollution): to assail 
with 7. mouth, inc. ore lacerare, Cic. Ph. 
11, 2,5: Ov.: Hor.: v. UNCHASTE. 8, 
contaminatus: V. POLLUTED. 4, spur- 
cus, foedus: v. FOUL, FILTHY. See also 
OBSCENE. 

impurely : 1, impiré: to live i. 
and scandalously, imp. atque flagitiose 
vivere, Cic. Q. incesté: Lucr.: Liv. 
(N.B.—For syn. v. preced. art.) 

impurity: 1, impiritas (rare): 
to engage in every kind of 7., omnes imp. 
suscipere, Cic. Ph. 2, 3, 6. 3. in- 
cestus, Us and -um, i: Vv. UNCHASTENESS, 
INCEST. 

impurpled: v. EMPURPLED. 

imputable: expr. by verb: v. To 
IMPUTE. 

imputation: 


|. The act: expr. 
by verb: v. TO IMPUTE. 


Il. The 


charge: perh. culpa, crimen, criminatio : | 


Vv. BLAME, CHARGE (VL). 

impute: i 
phr., to i. anything as a fault, aliquid 
alicui vitio d., Cic. Of. 1, 21, 71: also, 
vitio et culpae dare, Cic. R. Am. 16, 
eztr.: Ter.  Q, impiito, 1 (to set down 


1, do, 1, tr.: esp. in} 


| to any one’s score, whether to his credit 


or discredit): toi. a favour to any one, 
beneficium alicui imp., Phaedr. 1, 22, 8: 
success all claim for themselves ; failure 
is i.d to one, prospera omnes sibi vindi- 
cant, adversa uni imputantur, Tac. Agr. 


27: toi. blame to any one, alicui culpam | 


imp., Plin. 18, 1, 1. 
usu. in bad sense.) 
v.TO BLAME (IL). 
etc.: V. TO ASCRIBE, 
in: |, Denoting place where : 


(In later writers 
3. conféro, 3, irr.: 


1. 


in (with abl.): in the heart, in the 
brain, in a field, in Italy, in corde, in | 


cerebro, in agro, in Italia: Cic.: Caes. 
(passim). (N.B.—But when stress is 
not laid upon the prep., in one’s house, 
in Rome, etc., may be expr. as locatives 
by gen. or abl., domi, Romae, etc.: L.G. 
257.) 2. when the adj. totus is 
joined with a subs., the abl. may be 
used without prep.: i the whole ocean, 
toto mari, Cic. Man. 11, 31; where, 
however, the sense is rather throughout : 
also lécus, régio, terra, are used with 
the demonstrative and determinative 
prons., and sometimes other adjj. with- 
out a prep.: as, hoc loco, eo loco, eodem 
loco, multis locis: cf. Zumpt, L. G. 
§ 481. .(N.B.—The poets and later 
writers freely use all subss. denoting 
place in the abl. without a prep., even 
though there be no attributive: cf. 
Zumpt, lc.) 3, in certain connexions 
only, chiefly where publicity is expressed, 
pro (with abl.): cf. Fest. in Paul. Diac. 
8.V., pro rostris, id est, im rostris: 80 pro 
contione, in the (public) assembly, Salil. 
Jug.8: Liv. Phr.: in (the writings of) 
Plato, Xenophon, apud Platonem, apud 
Xenophontem, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28: de Sen. 
22, 79, ete. (For in the presence of, v. 
PRESENCE.) I], Denoting time when: 
1, de (with abl. ; of a period of time 

in the course of which something takes 
place): to rise in the night, de nocte 
surgere, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 32: in the course 
of the third watch, de tertia vigilia, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 12: late in the night, 
multa de nocte, Cic. Sext. 35, 75: im the 
month of December, de mense Decembri 
(rare), Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, extr. 9. in 
(with abl.; usu. denoting a period of 
time during which [not merely in the 
course of which] a thing is done): I did 
so too in my youth, feci ego isthaec et 
idem in adolescentia, Pl. Bac. 3, 3, 6: 
in (throughout) all one’s life, in omni 
aetate, Cic. Sen. 3, 9: oft. after numeral 
advv., twice in a day, bis in die, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 35, 100 (but the abl. occurs also 
alone). 8, abl. alone: this occurs 
when the subs. of time has an attribu- 
tive, as anno tertio, quarto, etc.; mense 
Januario, Februario, etc.; also, when a 
season of the year is particularised, even 
without an attributive, as hieme, aestate, 
Cie. Div. 1, 42,94; and in the case of 
die, nocte, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24 (denoting 
continuance ; whereas de die, de nocte, 
denote merely that something takes 
place in the course of the time). Il. 
With reference to other circumstances : 
in (with abl.): in what position, in 
what danger, quo in loco, quanto in 
periculo, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: to be in the 
wrong, in vitio esse, Cic. Off. 1, 7, 23: 
to be heavily in debt, magno in aere 
alieno esse, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18. IV. 
Denoting direction: in (with ace.): the 
camp extended more than 8 miles in 
breadth, castra amplius millibus pas- 
suum octo in latitudinem patebant, Caes. 
B.G. 2,7. (This sense may oft. be con- 
veyed by an adj. with acc. of extent: six 
feet in height, breadth, etc., altus, latus 


‘sex pedes, etc.: V. HIGH, BROAD, etc.) 


VY. Denoting rule, standard, manner, 
etc. : 1. in (with acc.): a decree of 
the Senate was passed in these words, 
S. C. in haec verba factum est, Liv. 30, 
43: in the manner of slaves, servilem 
in modum, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 5,13. Q, 
ad (with acc.=according to): in the 
likeness of, ad similitudinem, Cic. N. D. 
2, 64, 161: in the same manner (to the 
same effect), ad eundem modum, Ter. 
Ad. 3, 3,70; so ad hunc modum, of the 


4, attribuo, ascribo, | 








general scope of a speech, Caes. B. G. 2, 
31. 8, abl. alone: usu. constr. in the 
case of modal substantives- in what 
manner, in this manner, in every pos- 
sible way, quo modo, hoc modo, omui 
modo, omnibus modis, etc.. Ter.: Cic. : 
passim, VI. Denoting occasion, state, 
means or manner, per (with ace.): to 
do anything in anger, facere aliquid pet 
iram, Cic. usc. 4, 37,79: in sport, pet 
ludum et jocum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, 155. 
Vil. Miscell. phr.: in conse- 
Sige of the fact that, ex eo quod, Cic. 
in. 2, 9, 28: in the meanwhile, interim 
(Vv. MEANWHILE): in that, quod, cf. Cues. 
B. G. 1, 14, num etiam recentium inju- 
Tiarum, quod iter per provinciam per 
vim tentassent, quod Haeduos.. .memo- 
riam deponere posse? in proportion as 
+-.80, QUO... .e0 (with compar.), 
inability: imbécillitas: v. weaK- 
ness. (Usu. better expr. by possum: 
not from unwillingness but i., non quod 
nolis sed quod non possis: v. TO BE 
ABLE.) 


inaccessibility : expr. by adj.: v. 
. art. 


fol 
inaccessible: |, Ofplaces: 1, 
Ynaccessus: Tac. Ger. 1: Plin. a 


invius (where there is no pathway): a 
nation %. by reason of surrounding 
rivers, gens circumfusis inv. fluminibus, 
Ov. Met. 5,582: Plin. Fig.: nought is 
t. to valour, nil virtuti inv., Tac. Agr. 27. 
3. expr. by verb: quo accedi non 

potest: v. TO APPROACH. |]. Of per- 
sons; difficult of access: ad quem non 
faciles (difficiles) sunt aditus, cf. Cic. 
Fam. 6, 13: Nep.: Hor.: parum obvius 
et expositus, cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2. 

inaccessibly:; ita ut accedi non 
possit. 

inaccuracy: indiligentia: Cic. Q. Fr. 
X;, 252: 

inaccurate: indiligens (careless: 
rare): Gell.: Caes. (Usu. better, parum 
s. minus diligens, accuratus, subtilis: vy. 
ACCURATE.) 

inaccurately: indiligenter (care- 
lessly) : Caes.: Cic. (Usu. better, parum 
§. minus diligenter, accurate, subtiliter ; 
parum subtili ratione: v. ACCURATELY.) 

inaction: expr. by verb: by i., nil 
agendo: v. To acr: cf. Liv. 22, 24, 
sedende et cunctando bellum gerere. 
See also inactivity. Phr.: very im- 
patient of %., quietis impatientissimus, 
Vell. 2, 23: he passed the year of his 
tribunate in i., tribunatus annum quiete 
et otio transiit, Tac. Agr. 6. 

inactive: 1, iners, rtis (most 
gen. term): an t. old age, i. senectus, 
Cic. Sen. 11, 36: PL: Tib. Join. 
iners et desidiosus, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, jin. 

2. segnis, e (slow and backward) : 

an t., dull boy, puer s. et jacens, Quint. 
I, 3, 2: t. age, S. aetas, Curt. 8, 9, fin.: 
1. ease, S. Otia, Ov. Pont. 1, 5,43. Join: 
segnis inersque, Tib.: v. INDOLENT. 3, 
déses, idis (chiefly poet. and late: doing 
nothing; whether from disposition or 
necessity) : Liv. 1, 32, med. : Cvi.: Lucan. 
Join: ignavus ac deses, Gell. 4, 
réses, idis (like preced., but infreq.}- 
Varr.: Claud. Join: resides ac segnes, 
Liv. 25, 6, jin. (N.B.—The two preced. 
adjj. are not found in nom. sing.) 5. 
nil agens: Cic. (in Kr.). G6. quiétus: 
Sall. Cat. 26. To be i., (1). cesso, I: 
Join: cessare et nil agere, Cic. N. D. 
3, 39, jfin.: Liv. (2). quiesco, évi, 
étum, 3: v. TO REST. (3). dormio, 4 
(a strong expr.): Cic. Verr. 5, 70, 180. 
Phr.: old-age renders t., a rebus ge- 
rendis avocat senectus, Cic. Sen. 6, intl. : 
to sit t. (with folded hands), compressis, 
quod aiunt, manibus sedere, Liv. 4, 
13, med. b 

inactivity: cessatio (state), Inertia, 
désidia (disposition): v. IDLENESS, INDO- 
LeNcE. (Or expr. by verb: by t., ces- 
sando et nil agendo: v. preced. art. fin.) 

inadequacy : expr. by adj.: v. foll. 
ar 


inadequate: 1, impar, Aris: 7. 
to the most trifling concerns, levissimis 
quoque curis i., Tac. Ann. 14, 54. ¥. 
UNEQUAL. 2, mino™. us: ambitious 

391 


INADEQUATELY 


INCARNATE 





but i. (to the position), avidus et m., 
3, haud s. haudqua- 


Tac. Ann. 1, 13. 
quam satis magnus, validus, etc. 


inadequately : (?) haud pari ratione ; 


minus bene, perperam. 
inadmissible: _ illicitus 
LAWFOUL. 


Vv. 


inadvertence 2 impridentia: to do 


inadvertency Saught from 7%. ali- 


quid per imp. facere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, 


M.: Ter. 
inadvertently: 1. impridenter: 
Vell. 1, 2 (more freq.=imprudently, 


ni Va)s 
impridens (cf. L. G. § 343): you seen 
to have i. passed by M. Serviltus, impru- 


dens M. Servilium praeteriisse videris, 
3. per im- 


Cic. Br. 77. exti.: Ter. 
prudentiam : Cic.: v. preced. art. 

inalienable: *quod alienari non 
potest: v, TO ALIENATE. 


inalienably: *ita ut (quid) alienari 


non possit. 
_ inanimate: , ‘ 
is this difference between in. and ani- 


mate, inter in. et animal hoc interest, 
(The 


Cic. Acad. 2, 12,37: Tac.. Quint. 
form inanimis occurs in Apul.) 


2. 


Imanimatus (less freq.)* 7. things, Tes 


in., Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 40. Phr.: ¢ and 
insensible things, res surdae ac sensu 
carentes, Plin. 20, iit. 


UN- 


9. more freq. expr. by adj., | 1 


1, Indnimus: there 


INCEST 








Wyttenb. in Kr). (N.B.—Inauguralis 
is without authority.) 

inaugurate : 1, inauguro, 1: 
i.e. to set apart persons or things by 
augural sanction: e. g. flaminem in., 
Liv. 27, 8; locum in., Liv. 3, 20. 2). 
auspicor, 1 (to take the auspices, esp. at 
the beginning of anything: hence, to 
make a formal beginning): to %. the 
work of cultivation, a. culturarum Officia, 
Col. 11, 2, init.: man i.s life with suf- 
fering, homo a suppliciis vitam a., Plin. 
7, prooem. § 3: Suet. 3. consecro, 
vy. TO CONSECRATE, DEDICATE. 
inauguration: consecratio: v. CON- 
SECRATION. Phr.: the day of t. to 
office, *dies sollennis magistratus in- 
eundi. 

inauspicious: 1. infaustus (chiefly 
poet.): an 7%. augury, inf. auspicium, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 347: Ov.: Tac. Q, in- 
auspicatus (late and rare): to be thought 
very in., inauspicatissimum judicari, Plin. 
28, 2, 5 § 26. 3, laevus (rare in this 
sense; fur acc. to Latin angury the left 
hand was the auspicious one): Hor. Od. 
3, 29, 15: Mart. 6, 85: Stat. See also 
ILL-OMENED. 

inauspiciously: malo s. infausto 
omine (or pl.): cf. Hor. Od. 1, 15, 5 
Gos avi): Liv. 1, pref. extr.: Cic. 
‘am. 3, 12, med., ominibus optimis 


inanition; inanitas: v. Empri-| prosequi. (N.B.—Inauspicato, Cic., Val. 
NESS. Max., is contrary to the auspices.) 
inapplicable: Phr.: the name inborn, inbred: ingénitus, innatus, 


familia is i. to a single slave, in uno 
servulo nomen familiae non valet, Cic. 
Caev. 19, 55. the rule is i. to your case, 
*non pertinet ad te regula illa; non 
convenit tibi (v. To APPLY): allogether 
i., *nil (omnino) ad rem. 
inappreciable : tam parvus ut aesti- 
mari non possit. 
inapproachable : 
IN AG@CESSIBLE. 
inappropriate: baudidoneus, parnm 
aptus, etc.: v. APPROERIATE, FIT. 


Imaccessus: ¥ 


inappropriately: parum apte ad 


Tremn: Vv. FITLY. 


inappropriateness : expr. by adj.: 
v. INAPPROPRIATE, UNSUITABLE. 
inaptitude: chiefly of mind, *inge- 
nium inhabile ad aliquam rem: Vv. IN- 
CAPACITY. 


inarticulate: (?)inexplanatus: cf. 


Plin. 11, 37, 65, adeo inexplanatae (lin- 


guae), i. e. of so indistinct an utter- 


ance : cf. inexplicabilis, verborum inef- 
(But the above 


ficax, Sen. Ir. I, 3, 5- 
denote simply indistinctness of the hu- 


man voice: t. cries, perh. voces surdae 
Tof. Plin. 35, 2, 2] nec satis distinctae ; 


bullis neque syllabis neque verbis dis- 
cretae.) 
inarticulately : 


mine. 


inartificial : simplex: v. SIMPLE, 


UNAFFECTED. 
inasmuch : 

niam : Vv. SINCE. 
inatte™tion : 

attentus: ct. ATTENTION (2). 


quandoquidem, 


LESSNESS. 

inattentive : 
minus attentus: Vv. ATTENTIVE. 
GLIGENT. 


inattentively: parum 


than one): Vv. 


TION (2). 


inaudible; Phr.: a sownd so fine | 
as to be i., *sonus adeo tenuis ut auribus 
percipi non possit . he spolce so low as to 
be quite 7, *adeo summisse loquebatur 


ut exaudiri non posset. 


jinaudibly; *ita ut exaudiri quis 


non possit. 


inaugural: Aditialis, e (belonging to 
entrance on office): the i. supper for the 
priestly office, ad. coena sacerdotii, Plin. 
to de- | 
liver an i. address, *orationem sollennem 
magistratus ineundi causa habere ; ma- | 
gistraium sollenni habita oratione auspi- 
cari {sollenni oratione munus auspicari, 


Io, 18, 23: Macr.: Sen. Pbhr. 


398 


*confusa voce 5 
nullo syllabarum verborumque discri- 


qué- 


1, animus parum 


2. ne- 
gligentia, indiligentia, incuria. v. CARE- 


1, haud, parum, 


attente 5 
animo parum attento (or animis of more 
ATTENTIVELY, ATTEN- 


insitus: v. INNATE. 

incalculable: tantus ut aestimari 
(numerus iniri) non possit. (Ott. im- 
mensus, incredibi.is, may serve: v. IM- 
MENSE.) 

incandescence: (0 be in a state of 
i., candere, incept. candescere, incandes- 


cere: V. TO GLOW. 

incandescent: candens, ntis: v. 
RED-HOT 

incantation : 1, carmen, inis, 


n.: to utter a hurtful 7, malum c. in- 
cantare, xii. Tab. in Plin. 28, 2, 4 § 17: 
by i.s and potson, c. et veneficiis, ‘Tac. 
Ann. 4, 22: Virg.: Hor. 9. canta- 
men, inis, . (rare): dreadful ws, dira 
c., Apul.: Prop. 8. cantio (rare): by 
poisoning and i s, veneficiis et c., Cic. Br. 
60, 217: Cato. 4, incantamentum 
(rare): spells and ws, verba et incanta- 
menta carminum, Plin. 28, 2, 3. 5. 
verba, orum (spells) : cf. supr. (4): Hor. 
Ep. 1, 1, 34. To utter i.s, incantare, 
Apul. Apol. (ef. supr. 1); cantare, Virg. E. 
8, 71. 
incapable: 1, nearest word, in- 
habilis, e (naturally unadupted for: 
with dat. or ad and acc.): he had made 
woman %. of all these things, mulierem 
omnibus his rebus fecerat inh., Cic. Oec. 
fr. 4: 7. of agreeing together, inh. ad 
consensum, Liv. 26, 16, med.: later foll. 
by inf., t. of protecting the state, inb. 
rempublicam tueri, Callist. Dig. 50, 2, 
Il. 2. nescius (not knowing how: 
poet. with inf.): children 7. of speech, 
pueri n. fari, Hor. Od. 4, 6, 18: @ of 
being conquered, n. vinci, Ov. Pont. 2, 
, 45. 3. segnis, e (in gen. sense, 
king vigour and ability): an %. na- 
ture, s. indoles, Tac. Ann. 12, 26. 4. 





9. | may sometimes be expr. by a negative 
indiligens, negligens: V. CARELESS, NE- 


adj. of capacity: e. g., 7. of enduring, 
impatiens (with gen.) ; t.of being taught, 
indocilis; 7. of exertion, iners, segnis (Vv. 
INACTIVE, SLUGGISH) ; @. of bearing arms, 
inutilis bello, Caes. B. G. 7, 783 ad 
pugnam, ib. 2, 16. 

incapacitate: V- TO DISQUALIFY. 

incapacity ; nearest word, inscitia: 
imprudence and i. (of generals), teme- 
ritas atque i., Liv. 6, 30, med.: v. IGNO- 
RANCE. 

incarcerate: v- TO IMPRISON. 

incarnate (v.): incarno, 1 (as theol. 
t. t.): he was i.d, incarnatus est, Symbol. 
Nic. Puor.: deity was t.d, deus homo 
factus est, Anselm: cf. Verbum caro 
factum est, Vulg. Joh. i. 14. 

incarnate (part. adj.) : 1, incar- 
natus (as theol. ¢. ¢.): v. preced. art. 

9. indutus specie humana (invested 


| with human form): Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 63. 











Phr.: the Word became i. in the womb 
of the Virgin Mary, Verbum assumpsit 
humanam naturam in utero Virginis 
Mariae, Aug. Conf.; ex V. M. carnem 
assuinpsit, Conf. Helvet. 5 suscepit car- 
nem et omnem naturam humanam, 
Conf. Anglic. 

incarnation: incarnatio (as theol. 
t. t.): the mystery of the 7., ysterium 
incarnationis Dei, Vet. Com. ad Mar. i. 
4: Scot. Conf.; myst. incarnati Christi, 
Argent. Conf. 

incaution: incautéla (extr. rare); 
Salvian : v. RASHNESS, IMPRUDENCE. 

incautious: 1, incautus: 2, from 
youth, juventa inc., Liv. 30, 13, evtr.: 
Cic. 9, témérarius (stronger): v, 
RASH. To be t., parum (sibi) cavere; v. 
GUARD (L., fin.). 

incautiously: incanté: Caes. : Liv. 

incendiarism: Phr.: 7. prevailed, 
*multis in locis incendia [domorum, 
horreorum, etc.] de industria facta. 

incendiary : incendiarius: Suet. Vit. 
17. Tac: 

jacense (subs.): tus or thus, tris, 2.: 
to burn %. and perfumes, t. odoresque 
incendere, Cic. Verr. 4, 35,773 also ac- 
cendere, Liv. 29, 14, fin. (al. inc-): to 
offer supplications with t. and wine, t. 
ac vino supplicare, Plin. Ep. 10, 96 (97), 
5: Virg. Of 7., tureus, e.g., t. dona, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 225: yielding %., turifer, 

lin. 6, 23, 26 § 104: @.-burning, turi- 
cremus, Virg. Aen. 4, 453 (t. arae): @ 
box for i., acerra, Hor. Od. 3, 8, 2. 
Virg. 

incense (v.): Vv. TO EXASPERATE, IN~ 
FLAME. 

ircensed (part. adj.) : incensus ira; 
Nep. Pel. fin.; ira commotus, Sall. Cat 
31; ira percitus atque animi dolore in~ 
census, Auct. B. Atr. 46. 

incentive: 1. incitamentum (any 
kind of stimulus): the highest t. to unm 
de: go peril and toil, maximum et peri- 
culorum ine. et laborum, Cic. Arch. 10, 
23) Lac 9, stimilus (that which 
pricks on, as a goad: stronger than 
preced.): the i.s of ambition, gloriae st., 
Cic. Arch. 11, fin.: &.s to activity and 
toil, st. industriae ac laboris, Cic. Cael. 5, 
12: to act as an it. to anything, stimulos 
habere ad..., Quint. 10, 7,16. 3, irri- 
lamentum (that which provokes: usu. 
in bad sense): riches, the i. to vice, 
opes ir. malorum, Ov. Met. 1, 140; ts 
to luxury, ir. luxuriae, Val. Max. 2, 6,1: 
ef. Liv. 40, 27, med., quibus ir. poterat, 
iras militum acuebat. 4, invita- 
mentum (that which invites or lures 
om: rare): cf. Cic. Hortens. fr. 68. 
illécebra: v. ALLUREMENT. 

incertitude: v. UNCERTAINTY. 

incessant : 1, perpétnus (un- 
broken, uninterrupted) : t. laughter (of 
Democritus), p. risus, Juv. 10, 33 (Tare 
in precisely this sense): Vv. PERPETUAL. 

9. assiduus (unremitting) : 7. toil, 

as. labor, Caes. B. G. 7, 41: 7. rains, as. 
imbres, ib. § 24: Cic. 3. continuus, 


coutinens: Vv. CONTINUOUS, CONTINUAL, 
Phr.: @. exertion, labor cujus nulla fit 


intermissio, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 6, 19. 

incessantly: _ 1. sine [ulla] inter- 
missione: Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 114. 2. 
continenter: all things i. pass and flow 
away, ¢. labuntur et fluunt omnia, Cic. 
Acad. I, 8, 31. 3, assidué (wnremit- 
tingly): Vv. CONTINUALLY. Phr.: to 
work t., nullum omnino tempus ab opere 
intermittere, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: ef. ib. 5, 
40, nulla pars nocturni temporis ad la- 
borem intermittitur: to laugh t. (facete), 
perpetuo risu pulmonem agitare, Juv. 
10, 33. 

incest: incestum, i; incestus, tis (but 
unchastity in gen. sense is included: cf. 
Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73, concubuit cum viro... 
fecit igitur incestum: it is chiefly used 
of unchastity of a revolting or profane 
kind): to commit i. with a daughter, 
incestum (neut.) cum filia admittere, 
Suet. Cal. 23: an inquiry concerning 2. 
(of Clodius at the festival of Bona Dea), 
quaestio de incestu, Cic, Mil. 22, 59: 
acts of t. with sisters, incesta Sororum, 
Suet. Cal. 36. Phr.: to wallow in t, 


ae i Bel Na 


INCESTUOUS 


INCLUSIVE 





in domesticis germanitatis stupris volu- 
tari, Cic. (?) Harusp. 20, 42° to commit 
t. with a daughter, incestare filiam, Tac. 
Ann. 6, 19. 
incestuous: incestus (including all 
that is lewd and impure): Cic.: Vac. 
v. UNCHASTE. Comp. preced. art. 
incestuously : imcesté: v. 
CHASTELY, LEWDLY. 
inch: uncia (strictly the 12th part of 
an as; also of a foot): a digtt is the 
16th part of a foot; an i. the 12th, 
digitus est sexta decima pars pedis; 
uncia duodecima, Front. Aq. 24: Plin. 
6, 34, 39 § 214. Uf the dimensions of 
an 7., uncialis, é. g., altitudo, Plin. 18, 
16, 43 § 146. A quarter of an t.,, sici- 
licum, Front. Aq.: Plin. Pbr.: by is, 
sensim, paullatim: v. GRADUALLY. 
inchoate: iuchoatus: v. IMPERFECT. 
incidence: Phr.: the angle of i., 
*angulus quo incidunt radii (K. and A.). 
incident (adj.): i.e. attaching to: 
(@) proprius ; v. PECULIAR (TO). 
incident (subs.) : casus, res, etc.: Vv. 


UN- 


CIRCUMSTANCE, EVENT. 
incidental ek r.: to make an 
incidentally § incidental observa- 


tion, remark incidentally, inter alias res 
jacere, Sall. Jug. 11: I have been led 
incidentally to mention them (non con- 
sulto sed] casu in eorum mentionem 
incidi, Cic. Div. Verr. 15, extr.: a sub- 
ject neither simple, nor fit to be inci- 
dentally treated, res non simplex nec in 
transitu tractanda, Quint. 6, 2, 2: cf. 
Cic. l. c., quasi praeteriens (en passant) : 
80, obiter, Plin. 37, 9, 37- 

incipient: expr. by initiam, prin- 
cipium: v. BEGINNING. Sometimes pri- 
mus may serve: forehead swelling with 
t. horns, frons turgida cornibus primis, 
Hor. Od. 3, 13, 5. c 

incised (part. adj.): 
V. NOTCHED. 

incision: incistra: used by Plin. of 
the sections of insects, 11,1, 1; the notches 
of leaves, 26, 8,29. To make an t. (medi- 
cal), incidere, Cels. 7,19. (N-B. Incisio 
in Col. Arb. 8, should be insitio.) 

incisive: of style: perh. acer. 

incisor; usu. pL, the is, dentes qui 
secant (the med. term was toptxot), 
Cels. 8, 1, med.; d. lati et acuti, Plin. 
II, 37, 61 (from which passages there 
would seem to have been no Lat. ¢. ¢.). 

incite: 1, incito, 1: to 7%. any one 
with the desire of imitation, aliquem 
cupiditate imitandi i., Cic. Br. y2, 317: 
Caes. 2. impello, 3: v. TO IMPEL. 
See also TO EXCITE. 

incitement; incitamentum: v. I- 
CENTIVE. 

inciter: 1. impulsor: Join: 
suasor et impulsor, Cic. Att. 16, 7, init. : 
Ter.: Tac. Q. incitator (v. rare): 
Front.: Amm. 

incivilitvy; inhumanitas (including 
the Eng., but more comprehensive) : 
either from arrogance nor 7., nu su- 
perbia neque inh., Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 99. 
To act wrth so much %., taw iuhumaniter 
facere, Cic.: Vv. UNCIVILLY. 

inclemency: of weather, etc: 1, 
aspéritas (as permanent. character of a 
climate or season): %. of winter, asp. 
hiemis, Tac. Ann 4, 56: Ov.: v. SEVE- 
RITY. Q. rigor (like preced.): 7. of 
climate, r. coeli, Piin. 14, 23, 37 § 216. 

8, inclémentia (like preced.): Just. 

9, 2. N.B.—Usu. better expr. by im- 
modica frigora, tempestas peririgida, im- 
ber maximus atque assiduus, etc., acc. to 
circumstances. (Hirt. B. G. 8, 5, has 
difficultas hiemis, of severe weather, as 
intolerable.) 

inclement: of weathe-, etc.: nearest 
word, asper, éra, érum: @ more i. cli- 
mate, coelum asperius, Just. 2, 1, med. : 
sometimes gravis may serve, ct. Caes. 
B. C. 3, 8, gravissima hieme; acer, cf. 
Hor. Od. 1, 4, 1, acris hiems ; or incle- 
mens, cf. Col. 11, 2, tnit., clementior 
dies. Sometimes hiems is used absol 
of i. or stormy weather, cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 
11, imber noctem hiememque ferens. 
So, the weather is i., hiemat, impers., 
CoL. 11, 23 less freq. pers., Hor. S. 2, 2, 


incisus: Plin.: 





17. (N.B.—For inclement as used of per- 
sons, V. SEVERE, HARSH.) 
inclination: |. The act of bend- 
ing aside: invlinatio: the t. of ove side 
of a vessel, i. unius lateris, Plin. 8, 50, 
77.9 208. Phr.- to make an i., in- 
clinare: Vv. TO BEND. I]. 4 slope. v. 
INCLINE (Subs.). Ill. D sposition of 
mind: 1, voluntas: to have i., not 
ability, v. non potestatem habere, Cic. 
Sext. 32,69: v. WILL, WISH. 2. in- 
clinatio (kaning, bias, propensity): cru- 
elty is an it. of the mind towards severity, 
est crudelitas inc. animi ad asperiora, 
Sen. Clem. 2, 4, 3: Cic.. Vv. PROPENSITY. 
(But inclinatio must not be used of a 
mere disposition to do something.) 3, 
animus: esp. in certain phr., they were 
not lacking in 7i., non detuit iis animus 
(foll. by inyg.), Suet. Cal. 56: to grati/y 
ome’s 7., auimo morem gerere, Ter. Andr. 
4, 1, 17: see also INTENTION. 4, sti- 
dium (@ strong or ruling tendency of 
mind): to follow one’s own 7.8, studiis 
obsequi suis, Nep. Att. 2: cf. Cic. Cat. 
2, 5,9. 
incline (v.): A. Trans.: I. 
Tv bend aside: inclino, 1: v. To BEND. 
IJ. Zo dispose the mind: 1, in- 
clino, 1: these circumstances i. me to 
believe, haec animum inc, ut credam, 
Liv. 29, 33, jin.: but the verb is more 
freq. intrans. in this sense. v. infr. 
9. indiico, 3 (denoting a positive 
result): v. TO mpUcE. BB, Intrans.: 
|. Zo lean: inclino, inclinor: v. To 
LEAN. I]. To be disposed towards: 
1, inclino, 1: when the feeling of 
the Senate i.d towards peace, quum sen- 
tentia senatus inclinaret ad pacem, Cic. 
Sen. 6, 16: Liv. Join: inclinare et 
propendere, Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187. 24. 
propendeo, di, sum, 2: Cic.: (v. supr.). 
8, acclino, 1 (with pron. refl.: v. 
rare): Liv. 4, 48, med. 
incline (subs.): acclivitas (ascend- 
ing): on @ corresponding %., pari ac., 
Caes. B. G. 2,18: Col. See also DECLI- 
VITY, SLOPE. 
inclined (part.adj.): |, Disposed: 
1, propensus (vaturally disposed 
towards): i. to mercy, p. ad misericor- 
diam, Cic. R. Am. 30, 85: rather i. to 
sensual indulgence, propensior ad vulup- 
tates, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105. 2. procli- 
vis, e (like preced.): a disposition 7. to 
licentiousness, ingenium pr. ad libidi- 
nem, ler. Andr. 1, 1, 51: Cic. 3. in- 
clinatus (leaning towards, at the time) : 
more favourably t. towards the Cartha- 
ginians, inclinatior in Poenos, Liv. 23, 
46: Vac. Phr.: I am zt. to believe, cre- 
diderim (which is simply a softened 
affirmative, cf. L. G. § 430: inclimat 
animus ut arbitrer, Liv. 7, 9, implies 
a balancing of evidence): I am 1. to 
think, baud scio an, nescio an, with 
subj., cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11, vir sapientis- 
simus et haud scio an omnium praestan- 
tissimus: similarly, dubito an, cf. L. G. 
§ 438: to be favourably i. towaids uny 
one, propendere in aliquem ; fa\ ere (with 
dat.): v. TO INCLINE (B., I1.), FAVOUR. 
I]. Of colours, approximating to: 
inclinatus: a colour i. tu yellow, color in 
luteum i., Flin. 24, 15, 86. 
inclose, inclosure : v. ENCLusF, etc. 
include: 1. ascriby, psi, ptum, 3 
(to enroll amongst, add to a number: 
foll. by in, ad, with acc., or dat.): pray, 
i. me in the number, tu veru ascribe me 
in numerum, Cic. Ph. 2, 13, ext). ; with 
ad, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5° I am in doubt 
whether to i. them among the Germans, 
dubito an (eos) Germauis ascribam, 
Tac. G. 46. 2. adniiméro, 1 (like 
preced.): v.TO RECKON (AMONGST). 3, 
référo, tuli, latum, 3, tr7. (to enter, set 
down amongst): to be id amony the 
oscribed, inter proscriptos referri, Cic, 
. Am. 10, 27: Suet. 4. complector, 
contineo, compréhendo: v. TO EMBRACE, 
CONTAIN, COMPRISE. 
cludo, which implies confinement, re- 
striction.) 
him, *me, te, illo, haud excepto. 
inclusive: expr. by adniméro (to 
reckon to or with): vomen and children 











(N.B.—Not in: | 


Phr.: including me, you, | 


INCOMPATIBILITY 





t., *muliebri sexu ac liberis annumera 
tis: from the 1st to the soth i., *a prime 
die usque ad decimum, ipso devimu ad 
numerato (cum decimo ipso). 

inclusively: Phr.: to count i. 
“extrema adnumerare : cf. INCLUSIVE. 

incognito (adv.): perh. aliena in 
duta persuna ; dissimulatu nomine. 

incoherence: expr. by circumL: vy, 
full. art. 

incoherent: expr. by cohaereo, si, 
sum, 2: the speech was almost i., vix 
cohaerebat orativ, Cic. Cvel. 7, 155 
*parim apte connexa inter se loque- 
batur- v. COHERENT. 

incoherently: Phr.: to speak i, 
*male cohhaerentia loqui: v. preced. art. 

incombustible: qui (quee, quod) 
fgni non ubsumitur, Plin. 19, 1,4; igni 
(al. ligui) indomitus, id. 33, 3, 19. Zo 
be very 1., difficillime accendi, Plin. 33, 
3, 19: cf. FIRE-PROOF. 

; income: 1, vectigal, dlis, n. (pub- 
lic or private): a large, slender i., vec- 
tigal magnum, tenue, Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49: 
Hor. 2. fructus, Us (as the produce 
of lands, estates, vlc.): i. from estates, 
praediorum fr., Cic. Att. 11,2: to feedan 
army out of one’s i., exercitum alere suis 
f., Cic. Par. 6, 1, 45: cf. ib. § 49, ad sump- 
tum ille est fructus exiguus. 
réditus, is (money “returns” ): v. PRO- 
CEEDS. 4. quaestus, fis: v. Gary, 
PROFIT. Phr.: he derives an i. of 
600,000 sesterces from his estates, capit 
ex suis praediis sexcenta H. S., Cic. Par. 
6, 3,49: when you derive such an i. from 
your possessions, quum tibi tantum ex 
tuis possessionibus reficiatur, ib. § 45. 

_Incommensurable: alogus, a, um 
(aAoyos: i.e. having no common vatio) : 
Cupell. 

incommode: modlestus sum (with 
dat.): Vv. TROUBLESOME. (Incummodo 
is too strong.) 

incommodious : V. INCONVENIENT. 

incommunicable: expr. by com- 
munico, impertio: v. TO IMPART. 

incomparable: i. e. excellent be- 
yond comparison: J, incomparabilis, 
e (rare and late): 1. elevation of mind, 
inc. animi sublimitas, Plin. 7, 25, 26 
(just before he has, exempium cui com- 
parari non possit aliud). 2. better, 
singularis, e: Aristotle, as a philosopher 
almost %., Aristoteles in philusopbia 
prope s., Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132. more pre- 
cisely, singularis exempii, ¢. y., femina, 
Petr. 111. Join. incredibilis et prope 
singularis et divinus, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 
init. ; 8. et praestantissimus, Cic. in Sen. 
3, init. 3. Unicus: an i. general, u. 
imperator, Liv. 6, 6, fin.: i. (unez- 
ampled) liberality, u. liberalitas, Cic. 
Quint. 12, fin. 4, sometimes divinus, 
cvelestis may serve: cf. Cic. Ph. 5, 11, 
28, coelestes di\inarque legiones: the t. 
eloquence of Cicerv, divina M. Tullii 
eloquentia, Quint. 2. 16, 7; cvelestissi- 
mum os Ciceronis, Veil. 2, 66. 

incomnarably : 1, unicé (ina 
unique, esp. excellent manner): \irgil 
has used this embellishment i., eo orna- 
mento P. Virgilius u. est usus, Quint. 
8, 3, 24. 2. longé (with compar. 
words: rather less strong than Eng.: 
strengthened by plurimum, Cic. Br. 14, 
55): su, longe mulrumque [superare], 
Cic. Verr. 5, 44, 116 1%. the most beau- 
tiful, longe ante alias specie ac pulchri- 
tudine insignis, Liv. 1,9. v. FAR. Su 
facilé (like preced., but less freq.): & 
the most eminent, f. primus, Cic. R. Am, 
6, 15: strengthened by unus oninium: 
(lato) i. the most learned man in all 
Greece, vir unus totius Graeciae f. doc- 
tissimus, Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 23. Phr.: 
(Demosthenes) ts i. the most eminent in 
every branch of oratory, unus eminet 
inter omnes omni genere dicendi, Cic. Or. 
29, fin.: 7. pure and good, supra omnia 
exempla sanctissimus, Inscr in Fore. 

incompassionate; inimiséricors : 
V. UNMERCIFUL. 

incompatibility: diversa insociabi- 


| lisque natura, Plin. 17, 19, 36: « @f cha 


racter, *mores dissimiles ac parusn Cone 
gruentes: cf. foll. artt. 


399 


rNcumMPaATIBLE 





INCONVENIENT 





incompatible : 1. discors, rdis 
(most gen. term): V. DISAGREEING. f 
dissdciabilis, e (incapable of union: 
Tare): to unite things heretofore %., res 
olim d. miscere, Tac. Agr. 3.  §, ins0- 
ciabilis, e (like preced.): Plin. (v. preced. 


art.): Liv. 4, répugnans: v. INCON- 
SISTENT. ia 
incompetence: _ 1. perh. segnitia 


(want of energy and forze), cf. Vell. 2, 
118 (de Varo). 9, inscitia: v. INCA- 
PACITY, 

incompetent: |. Wanting ability 
or capacity: inhabilis, segnis: v. INCA- 
PABLE. Phr.: t. for war, bello, ad 
pugpam inutilis, Caes. (v. INCAPABLE, 
jim.) ; pugnae non sat idoneus, Hor. Od. 
2, 19, 26. II. Not possessing legal 
qualification : qui lege excipitur: v. TO 
DISQUALIFY (2). 

incomplete; imperfectus, inchoatus: 
‘V. IMPERFECT. 

incompletely: imperfecte. v. IM- 
PERFECTLY, 

incompleteness: Phr.: there is 
ever an i. in our happiness, curtae nescio 
quid semper abest rei, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 
extr.; *ad beatam vitam nescio quid 
semper deést: Vv. IMPERFECTION. 

incomprehensibility : cf. foll. art. 

incomprehensible: expr. by com- 
préhendo, di, sum, 3: to wish to com- 
prehend the v., ea mente comprehendere 
velle quae comprehendi non possunt, v. 
TO COMPREHEND (II. 6). Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 
Jin., has, non comprebensus et non per- 
ceptus, in same sense, but appy. as 
phil. ¢.¢ (N.B.—Not incomprehensus, 
much less incomprehensibilis.) See also 
INEXPLICABLE. 

inconceivable: quod cogitari, mente 
$. animo percipi, ete, non potest: v. TO 
CONCEIVE. 

inconceivably: perh. incrédibiliter, 
Mirum quantum, etc.: v. INCREDIBLY. 

inconclusive: infirmus: Join: 
levis et infirmus, Cic. R. Com. 2,6; [ad 
probandum} inf. et nugatorius, Cic. Caec. 
23, 64. Instead of infirmus, parum 
firmus, ef. Cic. Br. 78, 272. Phr.: that 
argument is quite t., *ex isto argumento 
nihil omnino efficitur; nihil valet ad 
probandum : v. TO PROVE. 

inconclusively ; *nullis satis firmis 
argumentis; ita ut nihil satis ex argu- 
mentis efficiatur, nihil probetur: v. 
preced. art. 

inconclusiveness: expr. by in- 
firmus, etc.: v. preced. artt. 

incongruity: répugnantia, natura 
nsociabilis : v. INCONSISTENCY, INCOM- 
PATIBILITY. 

incongruous: 1, inconvéniens, 
ntis: to join things 7., inconvenientia 
junzgere, Sen. V. B. 12: Cass. in Cic. 

9. male congruens, absonus, etc. : 

V. DISAGREEING, INCONSISTENT. 

incongruously: parum apte: v. 
UNSUITABLY. (Or. expr. by verb: to 
join things i., *res ita conjungere ut 
minime inter se conveniant, congruant: 
Vv. TO AGREE.) 

inconsiderable: parvus: v. SMALL, 
TRIFLING. 

inconsiderate: inconsidératus: v. 
THOUGHTLESS. Sometimes inconsiderate 
nearly impolite: *temere ac parum. 
urbane factum. 

inconsiderately: _ inconsidérate, 
negligenter, témére: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 
103: V. THOUGHTLESSLY. 

inconsiderateness: animus parum 
consideratus, etc.: V. CONSIDERATE ; and 
preced. artt. 

inconsistency : 1, inconstantia 
(of character): to call change of plan i., 
mutationem consilii i. dicere, Cic. Att. 
16, 7, med. Join: inconstantia muta- 
bilitasque mentis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 76. 

9, mitabilitas: Cic.: v. supr. ‘ 

répugnantia (as existing between acts or 
statements): you do not perceive this 
gross t., tantam rerum r. non vides, Cic. 
Ph. 2, 8, 19. Phr.: what %. is this, 
quam haec inter se repugnant! never 
was such 7., nil fuit unquam sic [tam] 
imnar sibi! Hor. S. 1, 3, 18: ef. foll. 


artt. 
4oo 











inconsistent: 1. inconstans, ntis 
(of character): I thought you absurdly 
Z., mihi ridicule es visus esse inc., Cic. 
R. Com. 6,19: Sen. 2, contrarius (of 
things): V. CONTRARY. 3, absonus 
(lit. out of tune; hence, not in keeping 
with : usu. with dat.): nothing 7. with 
the belief of divine origin, nil ab. fidei 
divinae originis, Liv. 1,15: Hor.: also 
foll. by a and abl., Liv. 7, 2. 4, dis- 
sentaneus (rare): V. DISAGREEING. To 
be i., (1). répugno, 1 (of things which 
are opposed): how %. these things are, 
haec inter se quam repugnent, Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 29, 72. (2). dissideo, sédi, ses- 
sum, 2 (rare in this sense) : Aristotle is 
i. with himself, ipse secum d. {ac repug- 
nantia sibi dicit] Aristoteles, Lact. 1, 5, 
ad fin. (3). discrépo, I: v. TO DIS- 
AGREE. 

inconsistently: inconstanter: Cic. 
Fin. 2, 27, 88. Phr.: to act 7., levem, 
inconstantem se praebere: Vv. FICKLE, 
INCONSISTENT. 

inconsolable: 1, inconsolabilis, 
e (rare and poet.): Ov. Met. 5, 426. 

9, ita affectus animo ut (te) conso- 

lari nemo possit: cf Cic. Mur. 27, 55 
Phr.: my grief is altogether 7., ommem 
consolationem vincit dolor, Cic. Att. 12, 
14; luctus nullo solatio (nulla consola- 
tione) levari (leniri) potest, Cic. Ph. 9, 5, 
eztr.: to ve i. (pine away with sorrow), 
dolore intabescere, Sen. Cons. Polyb. 24. 
See also DISCONSOLATE. 

inconsolably : quod omnem respuat 
consolationem : v. preced. art. 

inconspicuous : parum insignis, ob- 
scirus: v, CONSPICUOUS, OBSCURE. 

inconstancy ; lévitas, inconstantia: 
V. FICKLENESS, INCONSISTENCY. 

inconstant: inconstans, lévis, muta- 
bilis: v. FICKLE. Phr.: an 7. lover, 
desultor amoris, Ov. Am. I, 3, 15. 

inconsumable: (fiammis) indomi- 
tus: Plin.: v. INCOMBUSTIBLE. 

incontestable: Vv. INDISPUTABLE. 

incontinence : |. Want of re- 
straint over the passions : incontinentia 
(Gr. axpareva): he discoursed at length 
about inc. and intemperance, multa de 
inc. intemperantiaque disseruit, Cic. 
Coel. 11, 25: also —clean-handedness 
in money-matters, Cic. Verr. 4, 15, 34- 
See also INTEMPERANCE. Il. Unchas- 
tity: impidicitia: v. UNCHASTITY. ||]. 
Of secretions: incontinentia, e.g. urinae, 
Plin. 20, 15, 57- 

incontinent: |. Not restraining 
the passions : 1, incontinens, ntis: 
the t. Tityos, inc. Tityos, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 
"7: Gell. 9. intempérans, ntis: v. 
INTEMPERATE. |, Unchaste: impiidi- 
cus: v. UNCHASTE. I]. Of secretion ; 
incontinens: Plin. 8, 43, 68. 

incontinently: |. Without con- 
tinence: incontinenter: Cic. J, With- 
out delay: statim,e vestigio: v. DIME- 
DIATELY. 

incontrollable: qui (quae, quod) 
cohiberi, reprimi non potest: v. TO 
CONTROL. 

incontrollably; ita ut cohiberi s. 
reprimi non possit. 

incontrovertible: v. INDISPUTABLE. 

inconvenience: |. Want of agree- 
ment: inconvénientia, incongruentia 
(both v. rare): v. DISAGREEMENT. i 
That which occasions trouble or disad- 
vantage : 1, incommédum (rather 
stronger than the Eng.): this caused 
our men no little 7., quae res Magnum 
nostris attulit inc., Caes. B. C. 3, 63: v. 
DISADVANTAGE. 9. incommédditas 
(like preced., though strictly abstract) : 
Ter, Andr. 3, 3, 35. Phr.: to put up 
uith an i., incommodam rem pati, Ter. 


Hee. 4, 2, 27. 

inconvenient: |. Not agreeing: 
inconvéniens ; Cic. I]. Causing trou- 
ble: 1, incommddus (disadvanta- 


geous, troublesome): Ter.: v. preced. 
art. extr. Very t., perincommodus; Cic. 

2. inopportinus: at an 7. time, 
tempore inopportuno (parum s. minus 
opportuno): cf. Cic. Off. 1, 40, 142: v. 
UNSUITABLE. Phr.: to interrupt at 


| an i, time, tempore laevo interpellare, 








INCREASE 


Hor. S. 2, 4,4—=parum in tempore ine 
terpellare. 

inconveniently: incommodde, pér- 
incommédé : Cic. 

inconvertible: Phr.: t. banknotes, 
*syngraphae s. delegationes quae reprae- 
sentari non possunt. 

incorporate: |, To mix tn one 
mass: commisceo: Vv. TO MIX. Il. 
To unite; esp. politically: contribuo, i, 
iitum, 3: cities i.d for the purpose of 
forming Megalopolis, urbes ad conden- 
dam Megalopolim contributae, Liv. 32, 
5: the new citizens to be id im eight 
tribes, ut in octo tribus contribuerentur 
novi cives, Vell. 2, 20: (peoples) lately 
id in the Achaean league, nuper in 
Achaicum contributi concilium, Liv. 42, 
37: also foll. by cum and abl., or dat., 
esp. when union on equal terms is im- 
plied: cf. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 

II]. Zo form into a corporation : 

perh. constituo, 3: v. TO INSTITUTE, 
ESTABLISH. 

incorporation: expr. by verb. v. 
preced, art. 

incorrectly: 1. perpéram (opp. 
to rightly): to pronounce %., p. pro- 
nuntiare, Plin. Ep. 3, 5,12: Cic. Join: 
prave et perperam, Gell. 2. prave: 
V. WRONGLY. 3, mendosé (with faults 
or errors): to transcribe %., m. scribere, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 5: Lucr. 4, parum 
s. minus emendate, etc.: Vv. CORRECTLY. 

incorporeal: incorporalis, e: Quint.: 
Sen.: v. IMMATERIAL. 

incorrect: 1. mendosus: an i. 
copy of a will, exernplar testamenti m., 
Plin. Ep. 10, 23 (75): %. history (full of 
untrue statements), m. historia, Cic. Br. 
16, 62: Gell. . parum s. minus ac- 
curatus : Vv. CORRECT, ACCURATE. 

incorrectness: expr. by phr.: on 
account of the t. of his style he cannot 
be reckoned a classic, *propter sermonem 
minus emendatum, inter primae classis 
scriptores non est referendus. 

incorrigible: perh. perditus (given 
over and hopeless): V. ABANDONED. Usu- 
better expr. by circuml., qui nunquam 
se corrigat, cf. Cic. Cat. 1,9, init ; *euem 
trustra corrigere s. emendare labores- v. 
TO CORRECT. 

incorrigibly: perh. perdite (in a 
reckless, abandoned way): Cic. More 
precisely, ita ut (quod) corrigi non pos- 
sit: Vv. TO CORRECT. 

incorrupt: intéger, abstinens, in- 
corruptus: Vv. INCORRUPTIBLE. 

incorruptibility: |. Lit: L 
incorruptio (not class.): Vulg. 1 Cor. xv. 
42: Tert. 2, incorruptéla (mot class.) : 
Vulg.1 Cor. xv. 50: Tert. 3, incorrup- 
tibilitas (not class.): Tert. (Usu. better 
expr. by circuml.: v. TO CoRRUPT.) 4, 
aeternitas: Vv. IMPERISHABLENESS, Ih. 
In moral sense: 1, integritas : equity, 
strictness, %., aequitas, severitas, int., 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16: ef. ib. §§ 6, 13: 
Nep.: v. INTEGRITY. 9, abstinentia 
(clean-handedness): 7 in the govern- 
ment of a province, provincialis abs., 
Cic. Sext. 3, 7: Nep. Epam. 4, init. r 
sanctitas (conscientiousness): Nep Lys. 
4. 4, expr. by circuml., incorrupti 
mores, incorrupta fides, etc.: v. INCOR- 
RUPTIBLE, 

incorruptible: |. That cannot 
perish : 1, incorrupms: Cic. Tuse. 
1, 19, 43: Plin. Q. incorruptibilis, e: 
i. and eternal, inc, et aeternus, Lact. 1, 
3, fin.: V. IMPERISHABLE. I]. Not to 
be bribed or tampered with: 1, in- 
corruptus: 7. witnesses, inc. [atque in- 
tegri] testes, Cic. Fin. 1,21, 71: a freed- 
man of i. fidelity, libertus ine. fide, Tac. 
Ann. 12, 41: superl. incorruptissimus, 
Hor. 8.1, 6,81. Q, intéger, gra, grum 
(upright: q.v.): Join: integer, inno- 
cens, religiosus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 4: ef. 
supr. (L.). 3, sanctus (scrupulously 
moral, conscientious): Join: sanctus 
et religiosus. Cic. R. Com, 15, 44. 

incorruptibly: incorrupte, integre, 
sancté: Cic. (for syn. v. preced. art.). 

increase (subs.): {. Trans: 

1, augeo, xi, ctum, 2: to it. wealth, 

copias, facultates a., Cic.: the suspicions 


INCREASE 


INDEBTED 


INDEED 





of the Gauls are i.d, Gallis augetur sus- 
picio, Caes. B. G. 7, 45: Ter. 2} 
multiplico, 1 (strictly, to 7. many-fold ; 
to i. greatly): debts were immensely i.d 
in those two years, aes alienum eo bi- 
ennio multiplicatum est, Cues. B. C. 3, 
32: tot. the dominions of Eumenes, reg- 
num Eumenis m., Liv. 37, 54,med. 3, 
amplifico, 1 (to i. on a large scale; 
render extensive or distinguished): cf. 
Cic. Rep. 3, 12, augere opes, amplificare 
divitias: to 7. (extend) any one’s injlu- 
ence, auctoritatem alicujus a., Caes. Bb. G. 
2, 14. 4, amplio, 1 (rare in this sense 
in good authors: in Cic. = to adjourn): 
to % cne’s wealth, a. rem, Hor. 8S. 1, 4 
32: cf. TO ENLARGE. 5, extendo, di, 
tum and sum, 3: to @. the price of 
things, (rerum) pretia ex., Suet. Cal. 
39: Just.: v. TO EXTEND. See also TO 
HEIGHTEN (fig.). fj, Intrans.: 1, 
cresco, vi, tum, 3: the love of money 1.8, 
¢c, amor nummi, Juv.: the resources and 
courage of the enemy had i.’d, hostium 
opes animique creverant, Cic.: Sall.: 
Liv. In same sense, incresco (infreq.): 
Liv. 1, 33: Virg. 2, augesco, 3 (not 
in Cic. in this sense: v. TO GROW). the 
courage of the rest 7.8, ceteris animi au- 
gescunt, Sall. Jug. 34: to 1. so fast, tantis 
augescere incrementis, Liv. 27, 17 (cf. 
id. 4, 2, wit. maximis auctibus cres- 
cere): Ter.: Tac. (N.B.—The passive 
of augeo may be employed as reflect. ; 
and augeo itself is sometimes used in- 
trans., esp. in perf. tenses: the greatness 
of the Roman people had id by cle- 
mency, ignoscendo P. R. magnitudinem 
auxisse, Sall. Or. Phil.: Lucr. 3. 
glisco, 3 (to t. insensibly, a at the 
same time rapidly: chiefly poet. or in 
late writers): ill-feeling, spontaneously 
t.ing, invidia sua sponte gliscente, Liv. 
2, 23, imit.: servility i.-ing, gliscente 
adulatione, Tac. Ann. 1, 1: Sil. 4. 
crébresco, incrébresco (-besco), bui, 3 
(strictly, to i. in numbers or frequency ; 
of the wind): the wished-for gales i., cr. 
optatae aurae, Virg. Aen. 3, 530: SO, 
ventus increbrescit, Cic. Fam. 7, 29, extr. 
5, may sometimes be expr. by an 
inceptive verb: to t. in loudmess, cla- 
rescere; im brightness, splendescere ; in 
sweetness, dulcescere; in strength, con- 
valescere; im weight or seriousness, in- 
gravescere: where see LOUD, BRIGHT, 
SWEET, etc. 
increase (swbs.): 1, incrementum: 
to cause an i. in anything, alicui rei inc. 
afferre, Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 88: to make 
rapid i., ingentibus augescere inc., cf. 
Liv. 27, 17: to be always on the t., sem- 
per in inc. esse, Curt. 9, 3, med. bi 
auctus, tis (infreq.): to make very rapid 
t., maximis auc. crescere, Liv. 4, 2, init. 
8, augmentum (late): neither i. 
mor decrease, neque aug. neque demi- 
nutio, Ulp. Dig. 2, 13, 8. 4, accrétio 
(the act of increasing): opp. to demi- 
nutio, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 68. 
incredibility: expr. by phr.: they 
the absolute t. of miracles, *mira- 
cula omnino incredibilia esse docent; 
miraculum, quod dicitur, nullo ne gra- 
vissimo quidem testimonio confirmari 
posse disputant. 
incredible; incrédibilis, e (rarely in 
strict sense: usu. of what might seem to 
pass belief): it is t. how easily... ., 
inc. dictu est quam facile... ., Sall. 
Cat. 6: to interweave the i. with the pro- 
bable, incredibilia probabilibus intexere, 
Cic, Part. 4,12. Phr.: to be z., a fide 
abhorrere, Liv. 9, 36; omnem fidem ex- 
cedere, Suet. Cl. 29; supra humanam 
fidem evehi, Plin. 34, 7, 17: as it seemed 
almost t., quum vix fides esset (foll. by 
acc. and inf.), Suet. Vesp. 7. 
incredibly: 1. incrédibiliter (amaz- 
ingly): Cic. Sen. 15, init. 2. incre- 
dibilem in modum: Cic. Att. 5,16; incre- 
dibili modo, Hor. Od. 2, £7, 21. 
supra quam cuiquam credibile est: Sall 
Cat. 5. 4, incredibile quantum: Just. 
36, 2, extr. 5, ultra fidem, Suet. Caes. 
57; supra fidem, Plin. 34, 7,17. (N.B— 
Of the above Nos. 3, 4, 5, can only de- 
note degree.) 


incredulity: incrédulitas (rare): 
Apul. Sy i., non credendo, Cic. Cat. 1, 
12, 30. 

incredulous; incrédiilus: Hor. A. P. 
188: Quint. Phr.: a person naturally 
z., qui non facile adducitur ut credat, Kr. 
(bused on Cic.): du not be i., *noli tu 
obstinatione non credendi perseverare. 

incredulously : expr. by incrédiilus 
(ct. L. G. § 343): Hor. A. P. 188. 

incriminate: Vv. 170 CRIMUNATE, IM- 
PLICATE, 

incrust: Vv. ENCRUST. 

incrustation : 1, crusta: v. 
ckus?. 2. incrustatio (of walls with 
marble, etc.): Dig. 

incubate: incibo, inctibito: v. To 
SIT. 

incubation: inciibatio: Plin. 10, 54, 
45; also incubitus, tis, ib. (or expr. by 
verb: during the time of 7., incubandi 
tempore, dum ovis incubar.t aves). 

incubus: inciibo, onis, m.: v. NIGHT- 
MARE. 

inculcate: inculco, 1 (to impress 
anything upon one by ileration): to 
teach or even to 7., tradere vel etiam in- 
culcare, Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 127: Quint. 
See also TO TEACH, IMPRESS. 

inculcation: expr. by verb: v. pre- 
ced. art. (inculcatio, Tert.). 

incumbency: expr. by verb: dur- 
ing his i., *illo parochiam obtinente ; 
quamdiu parochia illi subjecta fuit. 

incumbent (@4j.): chiefly in phr., i 
is i. upon: Oportet, 2 (with acc. and 
inf.): v. pury (L, 4). Phr.: tt ist 
upon him to furnish pivof, ei probatio 
incumbit, Paul. Dig. 22, 3, 2. 

incumbent (suvbs.): *qui parochiam 
obtinet ; cui parochia subjecta est: v. 
PARISH, 

incumber: VY. ENCUMBER. 

incur: |. Zo put oneself in the 
way of ; meet: 1. suscipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3 (to take upon oneself): to t. 
unpopularity amongst nations, invidiam 
[afaine offensionem] apud populos s., Cic. 

err. 2, 2, 55, 137: V. TO UNDERTAKE. 

9. incurro, i, rsum, 3: to %. (meet 

with) losses, disgraces, in damna, in de- 
decora inc., Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 47. St. 
subeo, 4, irr.: to %. danger, periculum 
s., Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 26: Vv. TO UNDERGO. 
Phr.: to ¢. danger, in periculum se 
committere, Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28. I. To 
bring upon oneself penalty, guilt, dis- 
grace, etc. : 1. committo, misi, ssum, 
3 (to become liable to): to v. a fine, mulec- 
tam c., Cic. Clu. 37, 103: to i. a penalty, 
poenam c., Quint. 7, 4, 20. 2. ad- 
mitto, 3 (esp. with in and acc. of pron. 
refl.: to aliow guilt, disgrace, access to 
oneself ): I with confess the crime com- 
mitted and the disgrace 7.’d, commissum 
facinus et admissum dedecus conhtebor, 
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 2: Caes.. Liv.: v. To 
commit. Phr.: to t. the penalties as- 
signed by law, legum poenis obligari, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 47. 

incurable: 1, insanabilis, e: an 
i. disease, ins. morbus, Cic.: Hor. : 
Plin. Ep. 2, immédicabilis, e (poet.): 
an i. wound or sore, im. vulnus, Ov. : 
Virg. Phr.: an i. complaint, insupe- 
rabilis valetudo, Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 8: toat- 
tempt to cure the 7., desperatis adhibere 
medicinam, Cic. Att. 16, 15, med.: t. de- 
Sects of utterance, inemendabilia oris in- 
commoda, Quint. 11, 3, 12. 

incurably: Phr.: to be i. il, in- 
sanabili morbo conflictari, cf. Plin. Ep. 
I, 12, 4; *adeo iniqua valetudine labo- 
rare ut medicinam omnem exsuperet: 
v. INCURABLE, 

incurious; parum (minus) curiosus : 
Vv. CURIOUS. 

incursion: incursio: Caes.: Liv.: 
v. InRUAD. Phr.: to make ts, incur- 
rere, e. g. (in) Macedoniam, Liv. 26, 25: 
Hor. : to do so frequently, incursare, but 
used = incurrere, Liv. 5, 31, agros Ro- 
manos incursavere. 

incurvate: curve, incurvo, I: v. TO 
CURVE, BEND. 

indebted: 3 
dbaeratus (encumbered with debt) : Caes- 
B. G. 1, 4: Liv.: Suet. Phr.: to be t. 

2D 











|. Lit.: owing money: | 


to any one for a sum of money, pecunian 
alicui debere (v. TO OWE); pecumam 
alicui acceptam retulisse (lit. to have 
entered it to any one’s credit as received), 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, 170: cf. id. Ph. 2, 16, 
40, amplius H. S. ducenties acceptum 
hereditatibus retuli. See also DEBT. 
I]. Fig.: under obligation: ob- 

noxius: Vv. BEHOLDEN. Phr.: to ac- 
knowledge oneself to be i. to another for 
life, alicui vitam suam referre acceptam, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 5, extr. (v. supr. 1.): to be 
very greatly t. to any one, plurimum ali- 
cui debere, Caes. B. G. 5, 27: to be i. to 
any one for safety, beneficio alicujus 
salvum esse, Cic. Fam. 11, 22: Caes. 
B. G. 1, §3, extr. 

indebtedness: VY. OBLIGATION. 

indecency: 1, turpitudo: i of 
language, t. verborum, Cic. de Or. 2, §9, 
extr. 9, obscaenitas: Vv. OBSCENITY. 
See also INDECORUM. 

indecent: 1. turpis, e: an un- 
sightly and i. appearance, aspectus de- 
formis atque t., Cic. Off. 1. 35, 126: what 
could be more i. than such conduct? 
what more disgusting 7 quid hoc turpius? 
quid foedius? Cic. Ph. 2, 34, 86: an @. 
expression, t. verbum, Ter. Heaut. 5. 4, 
19. 2, obscaenus: v. OBSCENE. See 
also INDECOROUS, UNBECOMING. 

indecently; turpiter: Ov. Am. 1, 7 
47: Cic.: Vv. DISGRACEFULLY. 

indecision: |. Jn any particular 
case: 1. baesitatio: to pardon any 
one’s t., alicujus b. ignoscere, Cic. Fam. 
3, 12, 2: Tac.: v. HESITATION. 9. 
diibitatio: to be in a state of extreme i., 
aestuare dubitatione [versare se in 
utramque partem], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, 
74. Join: dubitatio et mora, Sall. (R. 
and A.). Phr.: to be in a state of i, 
haesitare (Vv. TO HESITATE), animo fiuc- 
tuari, Curt. 4, 12, ad jfin.: Liv. (animi 
or animo pendere, is to be in a state of 
anxious suspense). I]. 4s a feature 
of character: 1, inconstantia (lack 
of steadiness of purpose): Join: in- 
constantia mutabilitasque mentis, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 35, fin.; varietas, et inconstantia 
et crebra sententiarum mutatio, Or. pro 


Dom. 2, 4. 9, animus parum firmus; 
propositi parum firmus; v. DECIDED 
(adj.). 


indecisive: Phr.: an 7 engage- 
ment, proelium anceps, cf. Liv. 21, 9 
(quum diu anceps fuisset certamen); 
par proelium, Nep. Them. 3: the battle 
was %., dimicatum incerto eventu est, 
Liv. 9, 38, med.: aequa manu discessun» 
est, cf. Sall. Cat. 39 (quodsi Catilina 
primo proelio. . . . aequa manu disces- 
sisset); aequo Marte pugnatum est, 
Liv. 2, 6, fin.; dubia victoria pugnatum 
est, cf. Caes, B. G. 7, 80 (quum a me= 
ridie prope ad solis occasum dubia vic- 
toria pugnaretur). 

indecisively ; incerto eventu, aequa 
manu, aequo Marte: v. preced. art. 

indeclinable: indéclinabilis, e: 
Diom. In pl, i. nouns, aptota: Diom.. 
Prisc. 

indecorous: 
gesture, i, gestus, 
Vv. UNBECOMING. ee. 
Vv. UNBECOMING. 

indecorously : indécoré, indécenter 
(late): Vv. UNBECOMINGLY. 

indecorum: expr. by neut. of in- 
décorus: Vv. DECORUM, DECENCY. 

indeed: j. implying that the 
thing is so: in point of fact: i: 
quidem (enclitic; usu. implying some 
restriction or contrast: v. inf. 1V.): this 
was (said) too angrily i., and very in- 
temperately, nimis iracunde hoc q., et 
valde intemperanter, Cic. Ph. 1, 5, 12. 
Witb verbs in the 1st pers. sing., and 
sometimes others, Equidem is used: in- 
deed, I have never sent «me letter home 
without there being another to you, eq. 
nunquam domum misi unam epistolam, 
quin esset ad te altera, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 
med. 9, deo (usu. denoting a 
heightened emphasis or climax: also 
enclitic): they hint this, and i. [more 
than that] openly show, hoc significant, 
atque a. aperte ostendunt, Cic. Verr. g 

4ol 


1, indécdrus: «& 
Quint. 1, 10, 3§: Cic.: 
indécens, ntis: 


INDEFATIGABLE 





3, OC 148: that t. (in fact) you may 
Gaarn from the decree of the Senate, id a. 
ex 8. consulto cognoscite, Cic. Verr. 4, 
64, 143. 3. nim, énimvero: v. FACT 
(ay). = f._ Emphatic: in very truth: 
1, proéfecto (assuredly): i is mot 
80, judges; it is not 7., non est ita ju- 
dices, non est profecto! Cic. Fl. 22, 53: 
now i. you are at Rome, nunc quidem 
(vov ye) pr. Romae es! Cic. Att. 6, 5, 
init. Y, vere. Vv. TRULY. 3. sane 
(in this sense chiefly collug.): what you 
write has i. alarmed me, quod scribis 
me commovit, Vic. Fain. 2, 1g: some- 
times strengthened by quam. cf. Cael. 
in Cic. Fam. 8, 10, tmit.. sane quam li- 
teris sumus commoti: (ic. 4. véro 
(esp. in reply to something): cf. Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 11, 26, fuisti saepe, credo, in 
scholis philosophorum ?—Vero; ac li- 
benter quidem, indeed I have; and with 
pleasure too: ulten strengthened by 
immo: tell me now, are you quite 
agreed ?— Yes, indeed I um, Da mi nunc, 
satisne probas ?—Immo vero, Cic. Acad. 
I, 3, 10: sometimes vero is thus used 
at the beginning of a passage, when 
something is presupposed: cf. Cic. Fam. 
16, 10, init., ego vero cupio te ad me 
venire, I du indeed desire you to come to 
me: where ue letter is in answer to 
one received. 5, démum (esp. after 
is, ille; or a pron. adv.: strictly, an 
adv. of time, at length, in short): that 
is t. true friendship, ea d. vera est ami- 
citia, Sall. Cat. 20: Cic : then 7%. (and 
not till then), tunc (tum) d., Sen. Kp. 
121, 3: those things are i. intolerable, 
ea sunt enim d. non ferenda, Cic. Rep. 
2,15. Less freq. with other words: he 
is i. forgetful, immemor est d., Ov. 
Met. 15, 122. 6, dénique (like preced. 
but rare): that i. / um wont to deem an 
honour, is d. honos mihi videri solet, Cic. 
Fam, 10, 10. li]. Expressing sur- 
prise: 1, véroné (veron’) = its tt so, 
indeed ? cf, Pl. Truc. 2, 2,47: ego non 
hunc novi adolescentem vostrum.—Ve- 
ron’? Indeed? you don’t sayso! 2, 
ain’ = aisne? or strengthened ain’ tu? 
ain’ tandem? ain’ vero? = indeed! do 
you really say so? cf. Pl. Am. 1, Tt, 191: 
Cic. Fam. 9, 21, init.: v. Dr. Smith's 
Lat. Dict. s. v. ato (LV.). IV. Con- 
cessive : 1. quidem (enclitic = Gr. 
yé); foll. by sed, autem (at) tamen, ve- 
runtamen: you do not 2. hate, but as- 
suredly do not approve, non tu q. oderis, 
sed certe non probes, Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 14: 
cf. ib. § 16, quum miraretur ille quidem 
utrumque, Phaedrum autem etiam ama- 
ret; a stronger opposition is expr. by 
at, sed tamen, veruntamen, Cic.: cf. 
‘Tursellin. s. Vv. 2. équidem (usu. = 
ego quidem: v. supr. 1.): cf. Cic. Fam. 
11, 14, babes, ut scribis, obtrectatores ; 
quos equidem (I indeed, for my part) 
facillime sustiueo, sed impediunt tamen: 
Sall. Cat. 51, med., de poena possumus 
equidem dicere ... . sed, per deos im- 
mortales, etc. 
indefatigable: _ 1. assiduus (con- 
stant at anything; whether toilsome or 
not): best strengthened by another 
word: an i. beggar, flagitator as. et 
acer, Cic. Br. 5, +8. so, assiduus et inde- 
fessus, Tac. Ann. 16, 22. 2. impiger, 
gra, grum (exerting oneself vigorously) : 
an i. correspondent, i. in scribendo, Cic. 
Faw. 2, 1: more fully expr. by joining 
patiens et impiger, Vic. Verr. 5, 10, /in. 
3. indéiessus (chiefly poet.): Virg.: 
Ov.. lac. (ct. supr. 1). 4, indéfati- 
gabilis, e: Sen. Ir. 2, 12, fin. 
indefatigableness: 1, assidu- 
itas (for syn. v. preced. art.): Cic. 2, 
impig itia ‘less treq. i+ pigritas, Cic. fr. 
in Non.) et patientia: cf. preced. art. (2). 
indefatigably: assidué ; impigre et 
paticnter. cf. INDEFATIGABLE, 
indefeasible: (us) quod infringi 
non potest cf. Paul. Dig. 34,9. 5,915, 
inringere testumentum, to set aside a 


Ss 


wre. 
indef-ctible: *quod in pejus mutari 
Non poiest. — f 
indefensible : |. Of military 
pests: *(locus) parum firmus; quem 
403 


INDENTED 


praesidio tenere non possis. |]. In 
logical sense: quod non est facile de- 
fendere, Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 1°73 *quod argu- 





mentis confirmari non potest. li]. tn 
mural sense: non excusaudus: v. TO 
EXCUSE. 

indefinable: |, In strict sense: 


quod verbis definiri non potest. v. TO 
DEFINE. I]. Collog., incapable of de- 
finite expression : perh. nescio quis: cf. 
Cic. Arch. 7, 15, tum illud nescio quid 
praeclarum ac singulare solere exsistere, 
“that indefinable something :’’ some t. 
evil, nescio quid mali, Ter. Heaut. 2, 


PeUp 

indefinably: ita ut (quid) definiri 
non possit ; nescio quo modo: v. preced. 
art. 

indefinite : |. Not limited or de- 
Jjined: 1, infinitus: an inq:iry re- 
specting am 7. case (i. e. in whicn parti- 
cular persons, times, etc. are not 
named), inf. rei quaestio, Cic. de Or. 1, 
31, 138. 2. indélinitus: Gell. ll. 
Loose, vague: perh. anceps, obsciirus (cf. 
Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66, obscura spe et caeca 
exspectatione teneri), suspensus (cf. 
Tac. Ann. t, 11, Tiberio . . . . suspensa 
semper et obscura verba): Vv. DOUBTFUL. 

jl], Gram. ¢. ¢.: infinitus: Prisc. 2, 

30, p. 580. 

indefinitely: infinité (without spe- 
cification of details): Gell. 14, 7, med. 
Phr.: the matter ts t. postponed, *res 
ita prorogatur ut nullum tempus prae- 
finiatur. 

indefiniteness: expr. by adj.: v. 
INDEFINITE. 

indelible: indélébilis, e (rare and 
poet.): Ov. Pont. 2,8, 25 (or expr. by cir- 
cuml. quod deleri s. elui non potest: v. 
TO BLOT OUT, OBLITERATE). Phr.: to 
fiz ani. brand of infamy on any one, 
aeternas alicujus Memoriae notas inu- 
rere, Vell. 2, 64. 

indelicacy: expr. by pitidus, édi- 
Osus (offensive to good taste): nothing 
could exceed the i. of his conduct, *nil 
potuit esse putidius s. odiosius: v. OF- 
FENSIVE. Phr.: what t.! O hominem 
humanitatis expertem! cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 4, 
init. See also INDECENCY. 

indelicate: |. Bordering on in- 
decency: *parum verecundus (Kr.) s. 
honestus, nonnihil turpitudinis habens. 

Il. Offensive to good taste: putidus, 

6didsus: V. OFFENSIVE. 

indelicately: parum verecunde; 
turpiter: v. INDECENTLY. 

indemnification: |. Restoration 
of loss: expr. by verb: v. foll. art. [If 
Freedom from loss or punishment: v. 
INDEMNITY. 

indemnify: |. 70 make good a 
loss: expr. by damnum with varivus 
verbs: e. g., d. sarcire (alicui), Cic. Fam. 
1,9, 3 (al. resarcire): Liv. 9, 23, med.; 
resarcire, Suet. Cl. 63 restituere, Liv. 
(Kr.): v. TO RESTORE. See also TO COM- 
PENSATE. Il. Te pass an enactment 
securing from consequences: perh. ca- 
vére, with dat. of person (gen. term, de- 
noting legal provision for any one’s 
good): v. Dr. Smith’s Lat, Dict. s. v. 
caveo (LL). 

indemnity: indemnitas (freedom 
from loss: legal term): to grant @ per- 
son 7., ind. alicui praestare, Ulp. lig. 12, 
4,5, init.: Papin. Phr.: an act of %., 
lex oblivionis (Gr. auvnoria), Nep. Thras. 
3; abolitio, Suet. Tib. 4. 

indemonstrable: *quod argumen- 
tis demonstrari non potest. 

indent; incisuris s. lacunis signare, 
distinguere: v. foll. art. See also To 
NOTCH. 

indentation: 1. incisira (a cut; 
mark like a cut): (a fruit) marked 
with (long) is, incisuris distincta, Plin. 
15, 11, 10: of the divisions in the bodies 
of insects, id. 11, 1, I. 2, laciina (a 
rounded depression): used by Varr. of 
hollows below the brow, R. R. 2,73 by 
Lact. of the depression in the lip under 
the middle of the nose, Op. D. to; by 
Apul. of a dimple in the chin, Flor. 15. 

indented: ]. incisiris s. lactinis 
distinctus, signatus: v. preced. art. 2, 














INDEX 


laciindsus (having hollows or depres- 
sions): Cic. 8 serratim — scissus 
(notched like a saw): Apul. Herb. Phr.: 
a shield i. with many blows, clipeus plu- 
Timis plagis signatus, cf. Ov. Met. 13, 
119. 
indenture: instrimentum (freq. in 
Dig. for a legal document): cf. Modest 
Dig. 2, 14, 35: Paul. Dig. 24, 3, 49: an 
apprent ce’s 7., *instrumentum ex quo 
puer (puella) ad disciplinam  artificii 
traditur. (Indentira is the term in late 
Lat., and may be necessary for precision : 
v. Du Cange. s. v.) 
independence: nearest word, li- 
bertas: v. FREEDOM. Phr.: an oppor- 
tunity for securing the t. of Greece, oc- 
casio liberandae Graeciae, Nep. Milt. 3 
to enjoy (their) v., \iberos, immunes, suis 
legibus esse, Liv. 33, 32° of individuals 
= to pleuse themselves, vivere ad suum 
arbitrium, Cie. Mur. 9, init. 
independent (a4.): |, In poli- 
tical sense : liber, imminis, suis legibus 
(= suas leges habens, Liv.): Liv. 33, 
32: v FREE. Phr.:; to be v., ex uequo 
agere, Tac. Agr. 20. _|j, In gen. sense, 
enjoying freedom of action: |, liber; 
in this sense often with sélutus: an un- 
civilized race, free and t. (without any 
central authority), genus hominum 
agreste, liberum et solutum, Sall. Cat. 
6: we are all the more free and %., hoc 
liberiores et solutiores sumus, Cic. Acad. 
5 spy Ate 2. sui potens (one’s own 
master ; t. of circumstances): Hor. Od. 
3, 29, 41. (Liv. has potens sui in 
slightly different sense, 26, 13, med., 
dum liber, dum mei potens sum, effu- 
gere morte possum.) 3, sui juris 
(strictly in legal sense: one’s own 
master; as an emancipated son be- 
came): Fig.: to be toot. (of jurors who 
mean to act justly), nimium sui juris 
sententiaeque esse, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 6, 18. 
Phr.: to bet. im one’s way of life, suo 
more vivere, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 126; ad 
suum arbitrium vivere, Cic. Mur. 9, 
init.: he has been more i. in his mode of 
life, liberius vivendi fuit potestas, Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 25: %. of the schools, nullius 
addictus jurare in verba magistri, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 1, 14: to be 7. of external things, 
non aliunde pendere, nec extrinsecus 
aut bene aut male vivendi suspensas 
habere rationes, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, intt., 
(R. and A.); externis rebus minime ob- 
noxium esse (v. Date ll. 
Having personal property: Phr.: a 
person of %. property, *qui facultates 
nonnullas easque suo jure habet (?). 
independent (subs.): usu. pl., the 
sect so called, *qui singulos Christian- 
orum cvetus sui juris esse volunt (R. 
and A.). In the Latin of the 17th cent., 
Independentes is used. 2 
independently: |, In political 
sense: libéré, suis legibus, ex aequo: v. 
INDEPENDENT (.). |]. In gen. sense: 
], libéré, s6luté (not absulute, which 
is = perfectly): Cic. Join: solute et 
libere, Cic. Viv. 2, 48, 100. 9. suo 
more, ad suum arbiirium, etc.: Vv. IN- 
DEPENDENT (IlL.). (Il. «part from: 
*alicujus rei ratione non habita. 
indescribable: inenurrabilis, e 
(rare): 7. toil, in. labor, Liv. 44, 5: Sen. 
Join: mirus et incredibilis atque in- 
enarrabilis, Vell. 2, 99. (Or expr. by 
circuml., ¢. pleasure, voluptas major 
quam quae enarrari possit. v. TO DE- 
SCRIBE.) Sometimes nescio quis may 
serve, cf. INDEFINABLE (1L.). 
indescribably ; inén .rrabiliter: Liv 
(Or expr. by verb: supra quam enarrari 
possit: v. TO DESCRIBE.) See also IN- 
CREDIBLY. 
indestructibility: aeternitas, etc. - 
V. IMPERISHA BLENESS. 
indestructible: pérennis, 
Tuptus: Vv. IMPERISHABLE. 
indeterminable: Phr.: ant.mag- 
nitude, *magnitudo quae (subtiliter) de- 
finiri atque exprimi non potest. 
indeterminate: Vv. INDEFINITE. 
indeterminately . Vv. INDEFINITELY. 
index: |. Ufa book: ], im 
dex, icis, m. (table of contents): Plin. 


incor- 





INDIAN 


INDIGNANT, TO BE 





Ep. 3, 5, 2: Quint.: M. L. 2. élen- 
chus: post pref. Plin. N. H. (al. omit- 
tunt). Phr.: to add an i., quid sin- 
gulis contineatur libris subjungere, Plin. 
pref. N. H. extr. |, “f a dial or 
watch: gnodmon; horarum index: v. 
HAND (IIL). [J]. Fig.: that which 
indicates: index: cf. Cic. Or. 18, fin., 
imago est animi vultus, indices oculi. 

Indian: |. As subs. : Indus (more 
usu. pl.): Cat.: Hor.: Plin. I]. As 
adj.: Indicus: Ter.: Mart. 

indicate: 1. indico, 1 (to point 
out: be an indication of): the features 
t. the character, vultus i. mores, Cic. Leg. 
1,9, 26. the age of cattle is id by the 
teeth, aetas veterinorum dentibus indi- 
catur, Plin. 11, 37, 64. 2. significo, 
I (to show signs of, to intimate): as 
was t.d by the smoke and fire: ut fumo 
atque ignibus significabatur, Caes. B. G. 
2, 7: hets his wish by a nod, nutu s. 
quid velit, Ov. Met. 3,643: v. To INTI- 
MATE. 3. expr. by indicium: esp. in 
dat. with esse: your speech i.d to me 
what your disposition was, mihi quale 
ingenium haberes indicio fuit oratio, 
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 4: Nep.: v. InpDICcA- 
TION. 4, arguo, i, itum, 3 (to furnish 
@ proof of : rare in this sense): fear i.s 
degenerate souls, degeneres animos a. 
timor, Virg.: v. TO PROVE. 

indication : 1, indicium (any- 
thing that indicates or proves: rather 
more positive than the Eng.): is and 
traces of poison, i. et vestigia veneni, 
Cic. Clu. 10, extr.: most certain proofs 
and i.s of guilt, certissima argumenta 
atque i. sceleris, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 13: cf. 
preced. art. (3). 2. vestigium (cf. 
Supr.): V. TRACE. 3. argimentum : 
V. PROOF. 4. significatio (the act of 
expressing a thing by signs or other in- 
dications): not by express proof but by 
i.s, non demonstratione sed s., Cic. de Or. 
3 5p: init.: also the sign or indication 
itself : t.6 of health, s. valetudinis, Cic. 
Div. 2, 69, 142. 5. signum: v. sIGN. 
To be an %. of, indicare, significare: v. 
TO INDICATE. 

indicative: indicativus (modus): 
Diom. : Prisc. 

indict: acciiso, arcesso, nomen (ali- 
cujus) déféro, etc.: v. TO ACCUSE. 

indictable: (?)acciisabilis, cf. Cic. 
Tuse. 4, 35, 75, accusabilis turpitudo. 
Or by eircuml., *(delictum) cui legibus 
constituta poena est. 

indiction: in chron., indictio, Cod. 
‘Theod. 


indictment: acciisatio, etc.: v. ac- 
CUSATION. Phir.: a bill of %., libellus, 
Plin, Ep. 7, 27, 14: often pl.: to present 
a bill of 7. libellos dare, Paul. Dig. 48, 
2, 3,§ 2: to draw up one, libellos con- 
cipere, cf. Dig. 1. c. (libellorum  in- 
scriptionis conceptio talis est) ; 1. formare, 
Juv. 6, 244. y 
indifference: |. ‘Neutrality of 
mind: nearest phr. perh. aequus ani- 
mus (a calm, undisturbed mind): v. 
CALMNESS, FAIRNESS. Il. Neglect, apa- 
thy: |, lentitiido (esp. cool, phlegmatic 
t.: aS habit of mind): cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 
1, 13, nam illud [omnino non irasci] non 
solum est gravitatis, sed nonnunquam 
est lentitudinis: id. Tusc. 4,19, 43. So, 
with i., lenté: Liv.: v. cooLty. . 9, 
dissdlitus animus (a laz, careless dispo- 
sition): Cic. R. Am. 11, 32. 3. neg- 
ligentia: v. NEGLECT. Phr.: the people 
viewed his assassination with %., oecisum 
eum populus indifferenter tulit, Suet. 
Dom. 23: he did not treat this with 7., 
non tulit hoc auimo aequo, Nep. Dion, 
6. Il]. In moral sense, a quality nei- 
ther good nor bad: expr. by adj.: v. 
INDIFFERENT (IL). 
indifferent: |, Notcaring: 1, 
sécurus (heedless: not in this sense in 
Cic.): supremely i. about what may 
alirm Tiridates, quid I’. terreat, unice 
s., Hor. Od. 1, 26, 6: 7. to his sister’s 
love, s. amorum germanae, Virg. Aen. 1, 
346: Sil 2, lentus (phlegmatic) : 
Hor. S. 1, 9, 64: Cic.: v. coon (LIL). 
3. dissdlitus (lax, heedless): of so 
t. a temper as to endure this, tam d. 








INDISCRIMINATELY 





animo, ut hoc ferre posset, cf. Cic. R. 
Am.1t1,32. 4, indifférens, ntis (rare): 
t. about diet, circa victum i., Suet. Caes. 
53. 5. inciiridsus (unconcerned), ré- 
missus (slack, wanting in vigour) : 
Join: remissus ac languidus animus, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 21: v. REMIsS. Phr.: to 
bewt.: (1.) nil moror, 1 (not to care for 
or value: with acc.): all those things I 
am 7%. to, ista omnia nil moror, Pl. Aul. 
2, 1,49: Hor. Ep.1, 15,16. (2.) lenté s. 
indifférenter fero, 3, irr. (to take a thing 
coolly or 7.): comp. preced. art. (3.) 
negligo, exi, ectum, 3 (to disregard): to 
bet. to threats, minas n., Cic. Quint. 30, 
92; to money, pecuniam n., Sen. V. B. 27, 
6: foll. by inf. (poet.), to be 7. to the per- 
petration of a crime, n. frandem commit- 
tere, Hor. Od. 1, 29, 30. (4.) obdiresco, 
durui, 3 (to become hardened and so i.): 
through despair the mind becomes i. to 
grief, desperatione rerum ob. animus ad 
dolorem, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, init.: also of 
the deadening of affection, ib. 5, 15. 
(5.) expr. by intérest, réfert: J am quite 
t. on that point, id mea nihil refert, in- 
terest: L.G. § 283, Obs. (6.) expr. by 
curo, curae est, magni facio, aestimo, 
with a negative: v. TOCARE FOR. ll. 
Of neutral character ; neither good nor 
bad: 1, indifférens, ntis (in phil. 
sense): used by Cic. = Gr. adcadopos, 
Fin. 3, 16, 53. 2. médiocris, e (in 
popular sense, middling) : cf. Hor. A. P. 
372: V. MIDDLING. 8. médius: 7. 
pursuits, artes m. (expl. as quae neque 
laudari per se nec vituperari possunt), 
Quint. 2, 20, 1: an 7%. character, m, in- 
genium, Tac. H. 1, 49. 4, expr. by 
circuml., nec bonus nec malus, ef. Cic. 
Fin. L c. 5, sometimes neuter may 
serve, when good and bad are men- 
tioned: e. g. quid bonum sit, quid ma- 
lum, quid neutrum, Cic. Div. 2, 4, init. 
(R. and A.). 

indifferently : |. Without dis- 
tinction: promiscué, sine discrimine : 
V. INDISCRIMINATELY. |], Without par- 
tiality: aequabiliter: v. IMPARTIALLY. 

IIL. Without emotion : 1. lente: 

Vv. COOLLY. 2, indifférenter (rare): 
Suet. Dom. 23. IV. Moderately: mé- 
diocriter: v. MODERATELY, TOLERABLY. 

indigence: 1. égestas (esp. as 
the result of profligacy): poverty, or 
rather i., and beggary, paupertas vel 
potius e. ac mendicitas, Cic. Par. 6, 1, 
extr.: to be reduced to extreme i., in 
summam e. deduci, Ulp. Dig. 25, 3, 5, 
$17: Tac. 2. indpia: v. DEsTITU- 
TION. See also PovERTY. (N.B.—Not 
indigentia: v. NEED.) 

indigenous: 1. vernaciilus (home- 
bred, home-grown): birds migratory or 
z., volucres advenae, v., Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 
ad med.: vines peculiar and i. to Italy, 
vites peculiares atque v. Italiae, Plin. 
14, 2,4,§25.  Q, indigéna (usu. only 
of human beings): the i. Latins, i. La- 
tini, Virg. Aen. 12, 823: of wine, indi- 
gena vinum, Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 72. 

indigent: 1, égens, ntis (usu. a 
term of reproach): slaves and i. persons, 
servi et e., Cic. Att. 14, 10: sometimes 
strengthened by an abl.: fortuna e., Cic. 
FL 15, 35- 2. inops, Opis: v. pEstTI- 
TuTeE. (N.B.—Not indigens, which is = 
IN NEED.) 

indigestible: 1, gravis, e (opp. 
to lévis): 7. food, g. cibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 
9, 24: Cels. Q, difficilis ad concdquen- 
dum : cf. Cic. 1. c. 

indigestion: criiditas: to die from 
%., cruditate mori, Cic. Fam. 15, 17: 
severe i., magna c., Cels. 2,6: to remove 
z., cr. digerere, Plin. 26, 7, 25. Phr.: 
suffering from i., crudus, Cic. Clu. 60, 
168: Cato. See also CONSTIPATION. 

indignant: 1, indignans, ntis 
(part. of indignor): the so/diers 7. that 
the enemy could endure the sight of them, 
milites i. quod conspectum suum hostes 
ferre possent, Caes. B. G. 7, 19: Liv. 
(N.B.—Not used of acts or words except 
poet.) 2. indignabundus (stronger 
than preced.): Liv. 38, 57: Gell. 

indignant, tobe: _ 1. indignor,r 
(denoting a sense of gross injury or indig- 








nity): foll. by acc. and inf., Sall. Jrg, 
31; by quod and subj., Caes. (v. preced, 
art.); by acc. of the object, Virg. Aen, 
2, 93: in prose the acc. of object is freq. 
in the case of neut. prons. (cf. L. G. 
§ 253). 2, stémachor, 1 (to be piqued 
or annoyed): Cic. 

indignantly: 1. expr. by indig- 
nabundus, indignans: cf. L. G. § 343. 

2, indignanter (rare and late): 

Arn.: Amm. 

indignation: l. indignatio: 7, 
bursting forth Jrom the heart, erampens 
animo ac pectore i., Vell. 2, 66: to ez- 
cite i., i. movere, Liv. 4, 50, init.: Hor. 
(Not so inCic.) Dimin. indignatiuncula, 
Plin. jun. . indignitas (strictly, the 
indignity, nut the sense of it): can our 
i. be silent ? tacita esse poterit i. nostra? 
Cic. Att. 10, 8 (where the word hovers 
between the objective and subjective 
sense): cf. Liv. 5, 45, primum miseratio 
sui, deinde indignitas, atque ex ea ira 
one 3. ira, stOmachus: v. ANGER, 
VEXATION. To feeli., indignari; full of 
z., indignabundus: v. preced. artt. 

indignity: 14, indignitas (appli- 
cable to any unworthy or outrageous 
treatment): to submit to every i. and 
trouble, omnem i. et molestiam perferre, 
Cic. Fam. 6, 14: every possible i. and 
insult, omnes i. contumeliasque, Caes. 


BaG.e2, 14: 2. contiimélia: v. m- 
SULT. 

indigo: (?) indicum: cf. Plin. 33, 13, 
57. J.-plant, *indigofera  tinctoria, 
Linn. 

indirect: |. Not in a straight 


line: perh. dévius: by 7. routes, d. itin- 
eribus, Cic. Att. 14, 10: Suet. Or expr. 
by non {parum] rectus: v. DIRECT. |], 
Of speech, covert: obliquus: 7. speeches 
(or remarks), ob. orationes, Suet. Dom. 
2, extr.: Quint. I]. Jn grammar 
obliquus: 7. speech, ob. oratio, Just. 38, 
3, extr.: so, ob. allocutiones, Quint. 9, 2, 
37. Phr.: t. taxation, *tributa (vecti- 
galia) quae neque ex censu neque in 
capita imperantur sed pro ratione rerum 
venalium exiguntur. (N.B.—Indirectus 
in Quint. 5, 13, 2, is probably a false 
reading.) 

indirectly: 1. obliqué (by insinua- 
tion): Tac. A. 3, 35: Gell. 2. expr. 
by circuitio (roundabout speech): to 
teach atheism t., deos circuitione quadam 
tollere, Cic. Div. 2,17, 40: you did not 
speak at all 7., nihil circuitione usus es, 
Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 31. 8, tecté: v. co 
VERTLY. 

indirectness: circuitio (esp. of 
Speech): v. preced. art. (2). Or expr. by 
adj.: Vv. INDIRECT. 

indiscerptibility: expr. by verb: 
v. foll. art. 

indiscerptible: quod secerni, di- 
vidi, discerpi, distrahi non potest: Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 29, 71. 

indiscreet;: inconsultus: v. 
DENT. 

indiscreetly : 
V. IMPRUDENTLY. 

indiscretion: Vv. MPRUDENCE. 

indiscriminate: 1. promiscuus: 
t. slaughter, pr. [omnium generum] 
caedes, Liv. 2, 30, fin.: 1%. burial, pr. 
sepultura, Tac. 16, 16, fin. 9. indis- 
tinctus (rare): Join: indistinctus et 
promiscuus, Tac. A. 6,8. Phr.: to in- 
dulge in i. slaughter, omnes cujusvis 
aetatis ac sexus promiscue interficere, cf. 
Sall. Jug. 26. cf. foll. art. ; 

indiscriminately: 1, proémis- 
cué: Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 85: Sall. (Some- 
times the adj. may serve: cf. Sall. Cat. 
12, divina atque humana promiscua — 
promiscue: also the adv. phr., in pro- 
miscuo, occurs in Tac.: cf. Ger. 44, nec 
arma ut apud ceteros Germanos in pro- 
miscuo, sed clausa sub custode.) S: 
expr. by discrimen, inis, n., with a nega- 
tive word: e. g., sine [ullo] discrimine, 
Suet. Aug. 32; [delectu omni et] d. re- 
moto, Cic. Fin. 4, 25, 69; omni d. sub- 
lato, cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 50, 123; nullo d., 
Virg. Aen. 1,574: Sall.: v. DISTINCTION. 

3, also by délectus, is. nullo ha- 
bito delectu, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149: sine 
4°% 


IMPRU- 


inconsulté, témére : 


INDISPENSABLE 


INDUCEMENT 


INDULGENTLY 





ullo d., id. Agr. 2, 21, ewtr.: Gell. 20, 5: 
nullo d., Ov. M. fo, 325. 4. passim 
(here and there without distinction): we 
write poetry, unlearned and learned ., 
scribimus indocti doctique poemata p., 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 117: Just. 43, 1, med. 
5, témére: v. RANDOM (AT). 6. 
indistincté: Gell.: Dig. Join: indis- 
tincte atque promiscue, Gell. 
Phr.: the pious and the impious t., 
nulla ratione habita piorum impiorum- 
que, cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 15. 
indispensable: omnino s. maxime 
necessarius: v. NECESSARY. 
indispensably : v. preced. art. 
indispose: i. e. to vender averse to: 
1, aliéno, 1: opp. to conciliare et 


commendare, Cic. Fin. 3, 5, init. 24 
avoco, I : V. TO DISINCLINE. I 
_ indisposed (part. adj.) : |, Dis- 


inclined: aliénus, aversus, etc.: v. 
AVERSE. I]. Jn poor health: (leviter) 
aegrotus, parum s. minus valens: Vv. 
ILL, UNWELL. Phr.: to feel somewhat 
t., offensae quid sentire, Cels. 1, 6. 
indisposition: |, Disinclination : 
animus alienus: Vv. AVERSION. Il. 
Slight bodily disorder : 1. valétido, 
invalétido (extr. rare): v.ILLNESS. 2, 
commotiunciila (@ slight i.): Cic. Att. 
12, 11, extr. (Sen. has motiuncula in 
same sense, Tranq. 2, init.) 3. of- 
fensa (esp. as caused by unsuitable food, 
etc.): Cels. (v. preced. art., ext7.): Petr. 
indisputable: 1. certus: v. ceR- 
TAIN. 2. more precisely, de quo con- 
troversia non [nulla] est, cf. Cic. Caec. 
II, 315; quod in controversiam adduci 
non potest, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 123: v. 
CONTROVERSY. 3, sometimes constat, 
itit, 1: denoting that a thing is generally 
agreed upon : V. EVIDENT (TO BE). 
indisputably: sine controversia : 
Cic. Off. 3, 2, 7. See also CERTAINLY, 
UNDOUBTEDLY. 
indissoluble: quod dissolvi non 
potest: v. TO DISSOLVE. (Indissulubilis, 
Cic. Tim. 11, not liable to dissolution.) 
indissolubly: ita ut dissolvi nullo 
modo possit: v. TO DISSOLVE. (N.B.— 
Not indissolubiliter.) 
indistinct: 1. expr. by clarus 
with a negative: with an %. murmur, 
non c. murmure, Lucan, I, 352: 7. hand- 
writing, literae minus compositae ac 
clarae, cf. Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1: V. DISTINCT. 
92. obtisus: a voice clear or 7., vox 
clara, ob., Quint. 11, 3, 15: t. vision, ob. 
acies, Cic. Sen. 23, 83. 8, obsciirus : 
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133: ef. Quint. 11, 3, 60, 
vox obscurior: Vv. OBSCURE. 4. (?) sur- 
dus: cf. Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 4, surdo figura- 
rum discrimine, i. e. not clearly defined : 
Vv. DULL. 5, hébes, étis (of whatever 
makes a dull, faint impression on the 
senses): cf. Quint. I, Il, 4: V. DULL. 
6. conftisus (blended together): i. 
utterance, couf. os (opp. to os planum), 
Kr. (e Cic.). Yo render i., obscurare, 
e. g., vocem, Quint. 11, 3, 20. 
indistinctly ; parum s. minus claré: 
V. CLEARLY, DISTINCTLY. Phr.: to ar- 
ticulate z., literas obscurare, Cic. de Or. 
3, 11, 413 opprimere, id. Off. 1, 37, 133. 
See also OBSCURELY. 
indistinctness: expr. by adj.: v. 
preced. art. 
_indistinguishable: expr. by dis- 
tinguo, internoscu ; v. TO DISTINGUISH. 
indite: scribo, 3: v. TO WRITE, CoM- 
POSE. 
individual (adj.): 1, singilli, ae, a: 
V. SINGLE. Q, proprius: Vv. PECULIAR, 
PROPER. 
individual (subs.): i. e. a person 
viewed separately: expr. by singiili, ae, 
a: to benefit the state or thei., *aut civi- 
tati aut singulis civibus prodesse: v. 
SINGLE. See also PERSON. 
individuality ; propriétas ingenii, 
proprium ingenium: v. PECULIARITY. 
individually: singilatim; singili, 
ae, &: V. SINGLY. 
indivisibility: expr. by verb: they 
the absolute t. of these particles, 
haec corpora nullo modo dividi, secuari, 
discerpi posse docent: v. TO DIVIDE. 
(individuitas, Tert.) 
494 


pre). | 











indivisible: 1. individuus: 7. 
bodies, i. corpora (= atomi), Cic. Fin. 1, 
6, 17. 2. indivisibilis: Diom.: ert. 
(N.B.—usu. better expr. by verb: quod 
dirimi, dividi, secari, discerpi omnino 
non potest: cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71.) 

indocile: 1. indocilis, e (hard to 
teach): Cic.: Hor. 2. intractabilis, 
e (difficult to manage): Join: dura et 
intractabilis [aetas]- Sen. Ep. 25, init. : 
Vv. UNMANAGEABLE. 

indocility : indocilis natura, ind. 
ingenium: cf. Quint. 1, 3, init. 

indoctrinate: imbuo, 3: v. To im- 
BUE, INSTRUCT. 

indolence: 1. inertia (lack of 
energy and activity): to make a conces- 
sion to 7., aliquid inertiae largiri, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 15, 68. Join: segnities atque 
inertia, Cic. de Or. 1, 41, iit. (Cic. uses 
inertia laboris, as a fuller expr., R. Com. 
8, 24.) 2. segnities, Gi; also -a, ae 
(backwardness, slowness: esp. in at- 
tempting) : most inactive v., inertissima 
segnitia, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 5: Ter.: cf. supr. 
(1). 3, désidia: v. SLOTH. 

indolent: 1. iners, rtis (inactive): 
esp. with another epith.: e.g. iners et 
desidiosus, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 913; iners, 
ignavus, somniculosus, id. Sen. 11, 36. 
2. ignavus (stronger than preced., 
and implying base, sluggish indolence : 
ef. swpr.): Vv. LAZY, COWARDLY. BH 
desidiOsus: v. SLOTHFUL ; and cf. supr. (1). 
4. déses, idis: Gell. 5, segnis, 
e (slow, backward): Join: segnis et 
jacens [puer], Quint. 1,3, 2. 6, piger: 
V. SLUGGISH. 7. lentus (easy and 
apathetic) : v. SLOW. 

indolently: 1, ignave (more freq. 
in worse sense): Virg. G. 3, 465. 
segniter: v. SLOWLY. Join: segniter, 
otiose, negligenter, Liv. 2, 58. 3. de- 
sididsé : Lucr. 

indomitable: 1. inddmitus: usu. 
in sense of not actually broken or quel- 
led: Hercules ever i. and untiring, H. 
indomitus semper et indefessus: Plin. 
Pan.: Ov.: cf. INVINCIBLE. 2. im- 
piger: v. INDEFATIGABLE. 

in-door (adj.): 1, umbratilis, e 
(lit. in the shade; i. e. under a roof): 
in-door, luxurious life, vita u. et deli- 
cata, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27. 2. umbra- 
ticus (like preced.): Gell. 

indorse: Vv. ENDORSE. 

indubitable; indibitabilis, e (rare): 
Quint. 

indubitably: sine dubio: v. 
DOUBTEDLY. 

induce: 1, addico, xi, ctum, 3 
(foll. by ut and suly.): I was id to 
undertake this burden, adductus sum ut 
hoe onus susciperem, Cic. Div. Verr. 2, 
5: Caes.: Liv.: also foll. by ad and 
ger.: he was not easily i.d to believe, 
non facile ad credendum adducebatur, 
Nep. Con. 3: Cic.: absol., i.d by these 
considerations, his rebus adducti, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 3. Foll. by quin=ut non, 
Suet. Tib. 27. 2. induco, xi, ctum, 3 
(usu. in bad sense, fo persuade to evil: 
same constr. as preced.): fo 7. any one 
to tell a lie, ind. aliquem ut mentiatur, 
Cic. R. Com. 16, 46: v. roTEMPT. (N.B. 
—Later authors use both the above 
with infin. : quod cave imiteris.) S: 
persuadeo, 2 (foll. by ut and subj.): to 7%. 
by large rewards and promises, magnis 
praemiis pollicitationibusque p. alicui, 
ut..., Caes. B. G. 3, 18: v. TO PERSUADE, 

4, incito, 1: TO URGE, INCITE. 

inducement: 1. praemium (any 
kind of reward): to hold out i.s to any 
one, aliquem praemiis imvitare, Cic. Lig. 
4, 12; elicere, id. Bal. 16, 37 (cf. preced. 
art. 3): he should set before them what 
were the i.s to war, proponeret quae p. 
armis peterent, Sall. Cat. 21. 2, invi- 
tamentum (rare): to hold out no i.s to 
anything, nulla ad aliquam rem i. atierre, 
Cic. Hort. fr. 3, incitamentum (any- 
thing that impels): the strongest 7. to 
(undergo) peril and danger, maximum 
et periculorum ine. et laborum, Cic. 
Arch. Io, 23. 4, illécébra, usu. pl. : 
Vv. ALLUREMENT. 5, expr. by verb: 
no t. could tempt me to ..., nihil me 


UN- 


adducere posset ut ...: by what is? 
quibus rebus adductus: v. TO INDUCE. 
G6. causa: v. CAUSE. 
induct: 1, inaugiro, 1: his son 
was t.d as augur in his room, augur in 
locum inauguratus filius, Liv. 30, 26. 
med.: Cic. 2. consecro, 1 (to set 
apart as sacred): he was formally i’d 
to the see, *rite episcopus consecratus 
| eSt: v. TO CONSECRATE, 
induction: |. Logical: inductio: 
Quint. 5, 11, 3. Il. Formal appoint- 
ment : 1, consecratio (by religious 
rites): Inscr. in Forcell. 9, inductio: 
Cod. Theod. (R. and A.). 3. expr. by 
verb: Vv. TO INDUCT. 
inductive: Phr.: ¢. reasoning, *ar- 
Heese ratio quae per inductionem 
it. 
indue: v. ENDUE, ENDOW. 
indulge: |, 70 treat indulgently : 
1, indulgeo, si, 2 (with dat.) ; this 
legion Caesar had specially id, huic 
legioni Caesar indulserat praecipue, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 40, extr.: to t. @ slave, servo 
ind.,Sen. 2, morem géro, morigéror : 
Vv. TO HUMOUR, COMPLY WITH. ||. Zo 
give way to passion, ete.: _], indulgeo, 
2: to t. one’s anger, irae i., Liv. 3, 53: 
the consuls 7. the ardour of the legions, 
ind. consules legionum ardori, Liv. 9, 
43, med.: Ov. 2. effundo, fidi, sum, 
3 (with pron. refl. or as pass. refl.: foll. 
by prep.): to i. (excessively) in luxury, 
ad luxuriam effundi, Liv. 34, 6, med.; 
in lust, in libidine [more usu. acc.]} se 
effundere, Cic. Par. 3, 1, 213 in loud 
laughter, in cachinnos effundi, Suet. Cal. 
32. 3, expleo, Evi, Etum, 2: v. TO 
GRATIFY. 4, servio, 4 (to yield one- 
self up to: with dat.): to t. im sensual 
pleasure, voluptatibus s., Sall. Cat. 52, 
med.: to % resentment, iracundiae s., 
Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, fin. |], Intrans.: 
to go to excess: invito, 1: to 7. at the 
table, inv. sese in coena, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 
130: when he i.d most jreely (in wine), 
quoties largissime se invitaret, Suet. 
: Sall. fr 
indulgence: _,, Zoo lenient treat- 
ment: 1, indulgentia (in good or bad 
sense): excessive t.towards any one, nimia 
i. in aliquem, Pl. in Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 
med.: Caes. Q vénia (an act of grace 
or clemency): to grant any one an i., v. 
alicui dare, Cic. Arch. 2, 3: Liv. To 
treat with 7., indulgere: V. TO INDULGE. 
{l. Free gratification of desires: 
Phr.: prone to sensual 7., effusus in 
Venerem, Liv. 29, 23, med.: devoted to 
every kind of vicious and depraved 7., 
Vitiis flagitiisque omnibus deditus, Cic. 
R. Am. 13, 38. so, voluptatibus deditus, 
id. Fin. 1, 18, 57: habitual +. of animal 
desires, corporis obsequium atque indul- 
gentia, Cic. Fin. 1, 23, init.: free z. in 
wine, largior jucundiorque vini invi- 
tatio, Gell. 15, 2 (also dimin. invitatiun- 
culae, slight indulgence, ib. in lemm.) 
[I]. Papal : *indulgentia (as tech. t.). 
plenary t., ind. plenariae: te preach is, 
ind. praedicare, Eccl. Scr. m Kr. Or 
expr. by circuml.: venia s. remissio 
peccatorum a pontifice Romano pro- 
mnissa, Kr. 
indulgent: 1, indulgens, ntis 
(gentle with: with dat.): v. towards 
offences, peccatis ind., Cic. Am. 24, 89: 
but the word has oft. a good sense, é. g. 
indulgens pater, a kind, affectionate 
Sather, Nep. Att. 1: cf. Cie. Clu. 5, 12, 
quo nomen amantius indulgentinsque 
maternum. Q, ignoscens, ntis (prone 
to forgive): Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 32. 3 
facilis, e (easy-tempered): more fully 
facilis impetrandae veniae, Liv. 26, 15, 
init.: he shall find me an i. father, t. 
me utetur patre, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 5: 
the i. Nymphs, f. Nymphae, Virg. Ecl. 
3,9. Join: facilis, indulgens, Suet. 21. 
4, rémissus (the reverse of strict; 
not standing on one’s right or dignity): 
ef. Cic. Att. 16, 15, init., utrum remis- 
sior essem, an summo jure contenderem ; 
Liv. To be i. towards, indulgére (with 
dat.) : V. TO INDULGE. 
indulgently: indulgenter- Cic.: 








Sen. Zo behave 7. towurds, facilem, ity 


—* 


7 


i oe yen) | | 
e? v, a? ) F 


INDURATE 


INEXHAUSTIBLE 








dulgentem se praebere erga aliquem: v. 
art. \ 
indurate : diro, 1: v. TO HARDEN. 
industrious; _ 1. industrius (con- 
stantly doing something): (men) watch- 


ful, sober, i., vigilantes, sobrii, i. Cic. 


Coel. 31, 14: notalways of praiseworthy 
activity, cf. Cic, Tusc. 5, 20, 57, where 
Dionysius of Syracuse is called vir acer 
fn rebus gerendis et industrius (rest- 
lessly active): an active and i. “ hand,” 
opera agilis atque i., Col. 11, I, med. : 
‘ac. 2. gnavus or navus (full of 
activity and energy): an i. labourer, 
operarius n., Col. 11, 1, med. Join: 
(homo) n. et industrius, Cie. Verr. 3, 21, 
anit.: Hor. 3. acer, cris, cre (vigo- 
rously active, energetic): Vv. ACTIVE. 
4, strénuus (exerting oneself): to 

be t. about anything, in aliqua re s€ 8. 
praebere, Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 12: V. VIGOROUS. 
5, impiger, gra, grum (active, un- 
tiring) : sot. in writing, tam i. in scri- 
bendo, Cic. Fam. 2, 1. 6, sédilus 
(pains-taking, doing one’s best): cf. Cie. 
Br. 47, extr., eloquentes videbare non 
sedulos conquirere velle: Plin. uG 
diligens: v. CAREFUL, DILIGENT. 8. 
assiduus: v. assipuous. 9, stiididsus: 
esp. of application to study, Plin. Ep. 3, 


5, fin. 
industriously : 1. industrié : 
Caes.: Cic. Join: diligenter indus- 
trieque, Caes. B. G. 7, 60: Suet. 2. 
assidué: v. ASSIDUOUSLY. 3, sédiilo 
(usu. of one who does his best): to dis- 
charge a duty i. (to the utmost of one’s 
ability), munere s. fangi, Plin. Ep. 7, 
5 4, gnaviter or naviter : Hor. 
industry : 1, industria: ability 
is fed by %., alitur industria ingenium, 
Gic. Coel. 19, 45: elaborated by 2. in- 
dustria elaboratus, Cic. Manil. init. (But 
industria is a more comprehensive word 
than the Eng., and includes all kinds 
of activity.) 9. assiduitas (/eep- 
ing close to occupation): v. ASSIDUITY. 
3. gnavitas or navilas (brisk ac- 
tivity: v. rare): Arn. 4. sédilitas 
(earnest attention to a duty): the i. of @ 
poet, 8. mali poetae, Cic. Arch. Io, 
25. Join: opera et sedulitas, Cic. Fam. 
8, 11, med.; qui labor, quae sedulitas ! 
Plin. 11, 30, 36. 5, diligentia (care 
and attention): V. CARE, DILIGENCE. 
G. stiidium (earnest devotion, eager 
pursuit) : v. ZEAL. 
indwelling: 
sedem habet. 
inebriate: ineébrio, 1 (rare): v. TO 
INTOXICATE. 
inebriated: ébrius: v. DRUNKEN. 
inebriation: ébritias: v. DRUNK- 
ENNESS. 
ineffable: quod verbis exprimi non 
potest. 
ineffably; *supra quam verbis ex- 
primi potest. 
ineffective: Phr.: an 7%. speaker, 
*qui parum dicendo valet: cf. EF- 
FECTIVE (II.); most of the words and 
phr. under which may be reversed by a 
negative. 
ineffectively : *parum cum vi atque 
gravitate. 
ineffectual: 1. irritus (without 
effect): an 1. remedy, ir. remedium, 
Tac. H. 4, 81: 7. missiles, ir. tela, Virg. : 
Vv. FRUITLESS. 2. imbellis, e (of no 
warlike force): an t. weapon, i. telum, 
Virg. Aen. 2,544. 3, vanus: Vv. VAIN, 
IDLE (LII.). 
ineffectually: frustra, néquicquam, 
etc. : V. FRUITLESSLY. 
inefficacious: pirum efficax, etc. : 
v. EFFICACIOUS. (N.B.—Not inefficax 
in this sense.) 
inefficacy: expr. by adj.: v. EFFI- 
CACLOUS. 
inefficiency ; nearest word perh. 
segnitia: applied to Q. Varus, Vell. 
2, 118. 
inefficient: *parum strenuus, seg- 
nis (slow and wanting in energy), rei 
gerendae parum habilis: cf. EFFICIENT. 
inelegance: 
style): Suet. Aug. 86. 9. inficétiae, 
arum: Cat. 36,19. (Usu better expr. 


quod intus habitat, 







sluggish) : Hor. Od. 1, 34, 9 














1, inconcinnitas (of 


by adj.: a style characterized by much 


i, oratio parum elegans, oratio inve- 
nusta, inficeta.) 
inelegant: 1, invénustus (des/t- 
tute of charms): Cic. Br. 67, 237: Cat. 
9, illépidus (without grace): words 
marked by harsh and %. strangeness, 
verba durae il.que novitatis, Gell. 11, 7, 
init. Join: illepidus atque inelegans, 


Cat. 6, 2; non illepidus neque invenus- 


tus, Cat. 36, 17- 3. inélégans, ntis 
(showing want of taste): 1. style, in. 
sermo, Suet. Dom. 20. 4, infacetus 


or inficetus (marked by lack of taste) : 
Cic.: Cat. (N.B.—The above are chiefly 


used with a negative before them; as, 
not inelegant, cf. IL ce.: and the softer 
forms, parum s. minus venustus, ele- 
gans, etc., are preferable where the pre- 
dicate is to be affirmed: v. ELEGANT.) 
5, inconcinnus (not well adjusted 
or harmonizing): Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 6. 
6, inurbanus (lacking refinement) : 
to distinguish the i. from the polished 
witticism, in. lepido secernere dicto, Hor. 
ASP S23; 
inelegantly: 1. incléganter: Cic. 
9, invénuste: Quint. 3, illépide : 
Hor.: Gell. 4, inurbané: Cic. : Quint. 
(For. syn. v. preced. art.) 
ineligibility (or by phr. as un- 
ineligible der ELIGIBILITY, ELI- 
GIBLE, with negative. 
ineloquent: 
9, intacundus: Quint. 
Vv. ELOQUENT.) 
inept; Ineptus: v. SILLY, ABSURD. 
ineptitude: ineptiae, arum: Vv. 
FOLLY, NONSENSE. 


1, indisertus: Cx, 


inequality: inaequalitas: Varr.: 
Quint. 
inert: |. Incapable of moving : 


J, imers, rtis: the 7. earth, terra in., 
Hor. Od. 3, 4, 45. 9. brutus (dull, 
8, im- 
mobilis, €: Vv. IMMOVABLE. Il. Inac- 
tive: iners, piger, segnis, etc.: Vv. IN- 
DOLENT. ; 

inertly; segniter, tarde, etc.: Vv. 
SLOWLY, INDOLENTLY. 

inertness: immobilitas: 7. of water 
(of the Dead Sea), im. aquae, Just. 36, 3. 

inestimable: 1, inaestimabilis, 
e: used by Cic. of that which has no 
value, Fin. 3, 6, 20; by Liv., of that 
which is too great to be estimated, 29, 
32, init.: Val. Max. 4, 8, I. Q. expr. 
by circuml., *qui (quae, quod) omne 
pretium excedit ; majoris pretil quam 
quod aestimari possit. 

inevitable: 1, inévitabilis, e: 
i. evils, in. mala (opp. to evitabilia), Sen. 
N. Q. 2, 50, 2: Curt.: Tac. 2. néces- 
sarius: an %. consequence, n. consecutio, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 45: fatal and i. laws, 
leges fatales ac n., Cic, Tim. 12, mit. : 
V. NECESSARY. Simly. it is 7, necesse 
est: Cic. 3, Inéluctabilis, e (a strong 
expression): the %. power of fate, in. 
fatorum vis, Vell. 2, 57: Virg. 4. 
insiipérabilis, e (poet.) Ov. M. 15, 807. 

5, expr. by circuml. with vitari 

non posse: v. TO AVOID. 

inevitableness: nécessitas, néces- 
sitiido: v. Necessity. (Or expr. by adj. : 
vy. preced, art.) 

inevitably: 1, nécessé: one who 
must t. die, cui n. est mori, Cic. Fat. 9, 
17: Nep. 9, nécessfrio: Vv. NECES- 
SARILY. 3, inévitabiliter (unclass.) : 
Aug. 

inexact: parum subtilis: v. EXAcT. 

inexcusable: inexcusabilis, e (Vv. 
rare): Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 58: Ov. (in some- 
what diff. sense). Phr.: such faults 
are quite %., ea vitia nihil omnino excu- 
sationis habent, cf. Cic. Sen. 18, 655 
talibus peccatis nulla est excusatio, cf. 
Cic. in Pis. 5, 10: an 7. error, *turpe 
erratum et cui nullo modo ignoscere 
possis; cui omnino non est ignoscendum : 
Vy. EXCUSABLE, TO EXCUSE. 

inexcusably ; nulla excusatione: v. 
EXCUSE (subs.). 


(rare): Tac. G. 20: Virg. 
v. UNBOUNDED. 3, (?) profundus (lit. 
bottomless): with i. fullness of expres- 


(For syn, 


inexhaustible: 1. inexhaustus | 
9. infinitus: | 


INEXTRICABLE 





sion, pr. ore, Hor. Od. 4, 2, 8: cf. Sall- 
Jug. 81, profunda avaritia. Phr.: the 
adjoining woods yield an i. supply of 
firewood, suggernnt affatim ligna silvae 
proximae, Plin. Ep. 2, 17,26: such an i. 
supply, copia tanta, Cic. Ph. 11, 6, 14: 
50, omnium rerum abundantia et copia, 
Cic. Am. 23, 89. 

inexorable: 1, Inexérabilis: i 
towards any one, inex. in aliquem, Cic. 
Sull. 31, 87; adversus aliquem, Liv. 34, 
4; contra aliquem, Gell. Fig.: 7. des- 
tiny, inex. fatum, Virg. G. 2, 491. 2. 
illacrimabilis, e (not to be moved to 
tears: poet.): Hor. Od. 2, 14, 6. 3. 
darus (harsh, inflexible): Join: durus 
atque inexorabilis, Pars! Pairs; ako 
where the circuml. occurs, ut neque 
misericordia neque precibus molliri 
queas. 

inexorably: expr. by circuml., ita 
ut quis nullis precibus moveatur; inex 
orabili animo: v. preced. art. 


inexpediency: initilitas: Cic. Inv. 
2, 52, 158. (More usu. expr. by adj.: v. 
foll. art.) 

inexpedient: 1. initilis, e (ofl. 


= injurious): a speech i. toh imself and 
the state, oratio in. sibi et civitati suae, 
Liv. 42, 14, fin.: v. INsuRIo0s. (Or 
expr. by parum, minus utilis, cf. L. G. 
§ 646: v. EXPEDIENT.) 2, expr. by 
expédit, 4, impers. (with dat. or absol.) : 
nothing can be more in. to that end, ad 
eam rem nihil minus expedit: cf. Cic. 
Att. 7, 23. 

inexperience: 1, impéritia (iit' 
unskilfulness) : Sall. Jug. 38, init. - 
Tac. : Quint. 9. insdlentia (the state 
of one unaccustomed to anything): %. of 
the bar und of trials, ims. fori judicio- 


rumque, Cic. R. Am. 31, fin. (N.B.— 
In this sense never without depend. 
genit.: v. Lat. Dict.'s. v.) 3. insci- 


entia, inscitia: v. IGNORANCE. 
inexperienced: 1. impéritus (with 
gen. or absol.): a@ man t. in the ways of 
the world, homo imp. morum, Cic. R. Am. 
49, 143: t. in war, belliimp., Nep. Epam. 
7: i. persons, i. homines, [rerum omnium 
rudes ignarique], Cic. Fl. 7, 16. 
riidis, e (untrained: with gen. or in and 
abl.): 7. in war, Tf. rei militaris, Cic. Ac. 
2, 1, 2; 7. agminum, Hor. Qds 3312597 
i. in human life, in communi vita r., 
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 248: Prop.: less freq. 
with ad and acc.: 1. in childbirth, r. ad 
partus, Ov. Her. 11, 48. In late writers 
absol.: % years (youth), Tr. anni, Tac. 
Ann. 13, 16, exir. : Quint. 3. ignarus 
(with gen.): V. IGNORANT (1). 4. 
Inexpertus (not having experienced): an 
army i.and unaccustomed to prospe) ity, 
exercitus bonis inex. atque insuetus, 
Liv. 23, 18: Tac. 5, tiro, onis, m. 
(strictly, a raw recruit) : Join: tiro, 
peregrinus, hospes in aliqua re, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 50, extr. 6, ndvellus (rare 
and poet.): 7. hand, u. munus, Ov. Pont. 
4, 12, 24- 
imexpert: inscitus, 
UNSKILFUL. 
inexpiable: Inexpiabilis, e: Cic. 
inexplicable: 1, inexplicabilis, 
e: Cic. Ac. 2. 29, extr. Join: durus 
atque inexplicabilis, Cic. Att. 8, 3, ad fin. 
9. non explicandus: V. Cic. 1. c 
3, inenddabiiis, e (in diff. sense in 
Cic.: cf. Fat. 9, 18): Att. in Non. 
inexplicably : quod (ita ut) verbis 
explicari non possit: v. TO EXPLAIN. 
inexpressible: 1. inénarrabilis, 
@: V. INDESCRIBABLE. 92. qui (quae, 
quod) verbis exprimi non potest: Vv. TO 
EXPREsS. (Sometimes ingens may serve: 
v. IMMENSE.) 
inexpressibly: *quod (ita ut) verbis 
exprimi non possit. (Sometimes incre- 
dibiliter, mirabiliter may serve: Vv. IN- 
CREDIBLY, WONDERFULLY.) 
inexpressive: ©XPT. by phr. under 
EXPRESSIVE (with negative). 
inextinguishable ; _inexstinctus 
| (-tinctus): rare and poet. : Ov.: cf. IRRE- 
PRESSIBLE. 
inextricable: 1, Inexplicabilis, 
e (not to be unravelled): Quint. §, Te. 
| 101 (laquei, fig.): Curt. 3, 1. 2. inw#® 
405 


impéritus: VY. 





INEXTRICABLY 





tricabilis. e: t. maze (of the Labyrinth), 
in. error, Virg. Aen. 6, 27. 3, inéno- 
dabilis, e: hair in %. kmots, capillus 
inen., Apul. See also TO EXTRICATE. 
inextricably: ita ut expediri quid 
non possit : v. TO EXTRICATE. 
infallibility: Phr.: to believe in 
the t. of the Pope, *Pontificem Romanum 
errare s. mentiri non posse credere. 
infallible: |. That cannot err: 
qui errare non potest: v. TO ERR. ll. 
Certain: certus, non diibius: v. czk- 
TAIN. Phr.: an i. remedy, remedium 
efficacissimum, valentissimum: v. EF- 
FECTUAL. 
infallibly; certo, procul dubio: v. 
CERTAINLY, UNDOUBTEDLY. 
infamous: 1, infamis, e: an 7. 
life, vita inf.. Cic. Font. 11, 24: @. for 
excesses, inf. per flagitia, Tac. Ann. 6, 73 
also foll. by ob, id. H. 2, 56° Ov. a 
famodsus: Martina 7%. for poismmings, f. 
veneficiis M., Tac. Ann. 3,7: Hor. 8, 
flagitiosus (disgraceful, scandulous): %. 
lusts, f. libidines, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, 134. 
4, turpis, inhonestus (less strong): 
Vv. DISGRACEFUL. 5, perditus: v. 
ABANDONED. 
infamously : 1, cum (magna, 
maxima, summa) infamia: v. INFAMY. 
2. flagitiosé : v. SCANDALOUSLY, 
DISGRACEFULLY. 
infamy: 1, infamia (ill-repute 
in all degrees): covered with 7., opertus 
[{dedecore et] inf., Cic. Clu. 22, 61: fo be 
covered with %., flagrare infamia, Cic. 
Att. 4, 18; inf. urgeri, id. Verr. Act. 1, 
12, 36: to bring i. upon any one, alicui 
inf. inferre, Cic. Coel. 18, 42. 2. pro- 
brum (@ public reproach): cf. Cic. Coel. 
l. c., probrum castis, labem integris, in- 
famiam bonis inferre: sometimes the 
pl. may better serve (cf. L. G. § 591): 
to emerge from hereditary t. and vice, 
ex paternis probris ac vitiis emergere, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 69, 162. 3, flagitium 
(strictly any infamous deed): great dis- 
grace and 7., magnum dedecus et fi., 
Cic. Off. 3, 22, 86: sometimes, as in the 
case of probra, the pl. may serve: cf. 
Cic. Verr. lL. c. § 161, non ad tua flagitia 
neque ad tuas turpitudines: v. pDIs- 
GRACE, SCANDAL. ‘Yo brand with %., 
Sy infamo, 1: Cic, Fam. 9, 12: Prop. 
2). ndto, 1: Cic. Mil. 11, extv.: Hor. S. 
I, 4, 5: V. TO BRAND. 
infancy: 1, infantia (including 
childhood ; till the age of seven): more 
precisely, prima inf., Tac. Ann. 1, 4. 
2. pueritia prima, aetas iniens: v. 
CHILDHOOD, YOUTH. Phr.: from i., a 
puerulo (a puero—from childhood, Cic. 
Fam. 13, 16); ab infante, Sen. Ir. 2, 5, 
4: Col.: of numbers, ab infantibus, Cels. 
1, 7,915, init.: as fig. expr., a teneris 
(ut Graeci aiunt) unguiculis, Cic. Fam. 
1, 6; de ten-ro ungui, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 24. 
infant (subs.}: 1, infans, ntis (comp. 
preced. art. 1): an %. cried out in its 
mother’s womb, inf. in utero matris cla- 
masse, Liv. 24, 10: souls of 7.s, infantum 
animae, Virg. Aen. 6, 427. Dimins. 
infantulus, infantula, Apul. 2. puer 
(a male child): an %. “so big,” p. tan- 
tillus, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 24: more precisely, 
infans puer, Cic. R. Am. 53, 153. So, 
puella, infans puella, a female infant : 
v. CHILD. (N.B.—The pl. pueri includes 
both sexes, cf. Cic. l. c.) 
infant (@4j.): 1, infans, ntis (comp. 
INFANCY, 1): an t. ward, inf. pupilla, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, fin. 2. puérilis, 
€: V, CHILDISH 
infanticide: |. The person: in- 
fanticida (vy. late): Tert. Usu. better, 
qui (quae) liberos suos necat. I]. The 
crime: infanticidium (v. late): Tert. 
Usu. better expr. by verb: 7. is deemed 
@ crime, quemquam ex agnatis necare 
flagitium habetur, Tac. Ger. 19. 
infantine: infantilis, e: 7%. pretty 
ways, i. blandimenta, Just. 17, 3, fin. 
infantry: 1, péditatus, Us (esp. 
in general sense; or in contrast with 
cavalry): to be stronger in cavalry than 
in i., equitatu plus valere quam p., Nep. 
Eum. 3, ectr.: to assemble cavalry and 
Ing an p.que cogere, Caes. B. G. 
40 





fool of): Cic. Fl. 20, 47. 





INFER 


5,3: Cic. Q, pédestres cOpiae (—pre- 
ced.) : to be strong in 7., p. valere copiis, 
Caes. B. G, 2, 17: such vast forces of | 
cavalry and 7%., tantae equestres et p. 
copiae, Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 112: Tac. So, 
pedestris exercitus, Nep. Eum. 43 p. 
acies (as drawn up in battle), Tac. Ann. 
2,17: p. pugna, an engagement with t., 
Liv. : Suet. 3. pédes, itis; sing. or 
pl. (esp. infantry as drawn up in battle 
or engaged : also in gen. sense: the sing. 
is used in more lively passages): on 
the right wing they station the Roman 
horse; next to them, the i., in dextro 
cornu Romanos equites locant, deinde 
pedites, Liv. 22, 45: a veteran 7%., vete- 
ranus p., Liv. 21, 44, init.: the mixture 
of t. (with cavalry) frightened the 
horses, turbabant equos pedites inter- 
mixti, Liv. 21, 46: forces of cavalry 
and 7., equitum et p. copiae, Pomp. in 
Cic. Att. 8, 12, C.: their strength is in 
their %., in pedite robur, Tac. Agr. 12. 
(N.B.—Pedes, pedites, are the terms 
most freq. in milit. writers.) 4, 
Sometimes milites is used so as to ex- 
clude cavalry, Caes. B. G. 5, 10, milites 
equitesque: so, exercitus equitatusque, 
ib. 7,61 (R. and A.). Phr.: to serve in 
the z., pedibus merere, Liv. 24, 18. 
infatuate: infatuo, 1 (to make a 





infatuated (adj.): démens, ntis: 
Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 94 (desipere, delirare, d. 
esse): esp. as exclam., 7. man: demens! 
Virg. passim. Phr.: to be so 7., tanta 
esse dementia, Auct. B. Afr. 8. 

infatuation : 1, dementia: 7% 
would be the height of 7., summae d. 
esse, Caes. B. G. 4, 13 (also, dementis 
esse, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83): V. FOLLY. a 
caecitas mentis: Cic. (?) Dom. 40, 105. 

3. fiiror: v. MADNESS. 

infeasibility ; v. o1PossIBILiry. 

infeasible: v. IMPOSSIBLE. 

infect : |. Lit.: 1, expr. by 
contagio s. contagium, with a verb: ( 
disease) i.s the whole flock, universum 
gregem contagione prosternit, Cul. 7, 
5, med.: lest one should %. the rest, ne 
quis contagione ceteros labefaciat, Col. 
6, 5: the disease t.d others, contagium 
morbi in alios vulgatum est, Curt. 9, 
10, init. 2. coinquino, 1 (rare) : Col. 
9,153 8, inficio, féci, fectum, 3 (rare 
in this sense): cf. Tac. Ann. 6, 7, plures 
infecti quasi valetudine et contactu: 
where, however, the expr. is fig. See 
also INFECTION. fj, Fig.: of vice: 1, 
inficio, 3 (in good or bad sense): to be 
i/d with vices (by example), vitiis in- 
fici, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30. Q, contamino, 
I: more fully, contagione (alicujus rei) 
c., Cic. (?) Dom. 41, 108: Vv. TO POLLUTR. 

infection: |. Lit.: 1, conta- 
gio, Onis, f.; s. contagium, i (the latter 
esp. poet.): to be spread by i. conta- 
gione vulgari (v. TO INFECT): sheep are 
especially liable to 7%., praecipue oves 
contagione vexantur, Col. 7, 5. 2. 
contactus, Us (by touch): cf. Liv. 4, 30, 
vulgati contactu in homines morbi. 
Phr.. to prevent i., ne (morbidi) aliis 
tabem afferant, Col. 6, 5.  —‘f, Fig.: 
contagio: the t. of that fanaticism has 
spread, superstitionis illius c. pervagata 
est, Plin. Ep. 10, 96 (97): Cic. 

infectious: qui (quae, quod) con- 
tagione vulgatur: v TO INFECT. 

infelicity; infélicitas: Cic. 

infer: 1. colligo, legi, lectum, 3: 
you may t. from that how busy 1 am, 
ex e0 c. poteris quanta occupatione dis- 
tinear, Cic. Att. 7, 23: Petr. 9. con- 
jicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (implying some diffi- 
culty or uncertainty): to 7. so shrewdly 
(of the first Brutus), tam acute argute- 
que c. (de re), Cic. Br. 14, 53: Nep. 

3, inféro, 3, wr. (a tech. term, 

denoting a formal inference): then it 
is i.d, deinde infertur, Cic. Inv. 1, 48, 
89: Quint. 5, 11, 27. 4, interprétor, 
I (to put a certain construction upon 
words or acts): do not from necessity i 
design, nolite consilium ex necessitate 
int., Cic. Rab. Post. 11, intt. See also To 
CONCLUDE. Phr.: hence it may be td, 
ex quo effici cogique potest (R. and A.): | 





INFINITELY 





but the expr. is stronger tban Eng.: ¥ 
TO PROVE; also TO FOLLOW (Phr.). 
inference: conjectira, conclisio: v 
CONCLUSION (III.). Yo draw an i.: Vv 
TOINFER. Phr: a@ false 7. is drawn 


| aliud quam cogebatur illatum est, Cic 


Inv. 1, 47, 87:_V. TO INFER (3). 

inferentially : *ex conjectura; qua 
tenus conjectura colligere licet. 

inferior (avj.) : 1. inférior, us: 
not %. in rank, dignitate non inf., Caes. : 
in civil law not tv. to his master, in jure 
civili non inf. quam magister, Cic. Br 
48, 179 7%. courage, inf. animus, Caes 
B.G. 3,24. 2, détérior, us (denoting 
positive as vell as relative inferiority): 
in cavalry he was %., peditatu erat d., 
Nep. Eum. 3: an i. and faded age, d. 
ac decolor aetas, Virg. Aen. 8, 326: Hor. 
Very z., deterrimus: Cic.: Virg. 3. 
minor, us: 7. to the original inventor, 
inventore m., Hor. S. 2, 1, 48: 7. in 
virtue and honour, virtute et honore m., 
Hor. 4. impar, aris: v. UNEQUAL. 

5. péjor, us (like deterior, but 

stronger): v. BAD. Phr.: ¢. in num- 
bers, pauciores (v. FEW): 7. in beauty, 
brilliancy, etc., minus pulcher, splen- 
didus, etc.: v. LESS (adv.). 

inferior (subs.): 1. impar, 4ris: 
married to an %., juncta impari, Liv. 6, 
34: Tac. 2. esp. in pl., inférior: 
men envy most their equals or i.s, invi- 
dent homines maxime paribus aut inf. 
Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 209: to be conquered by 
an %., vinci ab inf. [atque bumiliori], 
Cic. Quint. 31, 95. 8. subjectus (rare 
except in pl.); to instruct his is, ut 
(villicus) edoceat subjectos, Col. 11, 1, 
init.: 

infernal : 1, infernus: the 7. 
deities, inf. Dii, Liv.: Virg.: %. appear- 
ance, {velut] inf. aspectus, Tac. G. 43. 

2. Tartareus (poet.): Virg.: Ov.: 

Lucan. The i.vegions, aN inféri, orum: 
im the t. regions, ad inf., Cic. Ph. 14, 12, 
32; apud inferos, id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10. (2). 
manes, ium, m. (strictly, the shades of 
the deceased : poet.): the unfathomable 7. 
regions, m. profundi, Virg. G. 1, 243. 
(3). Tartarus, pl. -a (poet.): Virg.: Ov. 
(passim). (4). Orcus (strictly a name 
of Pluto): Virg. Aen. 6, 273: in Aen. 2, 
398, demittimus Orco, the word is used 
personally. See also GRAVE (subs. I1.). 

infernally; velut inferno more: vy, 
preced. art. 

infertility : stérilitas: v. BARRENNESS, 

infest: 1. expr. by infestus (hos- 
tile, dangerous) and a verb: the forest 
has been more and more t.’d by banditti, 
saltus frequentioribus latrociniis infes- 
tior factus est, C. Asin. in Cic. Fam. 19, 
31: so, [mare, etc.] infestum habere, 
Cic. Rep. 3, 12: Liv. 2. infesto, r 
(to render unsafe: not in Cic.): to %, 
the sea by piracy, mare inf. piraticis 
sceleribus, Vell. 2, 73: used by Col. of 
tumours attacking cattle, Col. 6, 14, fin. 4 
Plin.: cf. foll. art. 

infested (part. adj.): infestus: re- 
gions i. with serpents, loca inf. serpenti- 
bus, Sall. Jug. 89: v. TO INFEST. 

infidel (subs. and adj.): *infidélis, 
e: Vulg. 1 Tim. v. 8: Salvian. (Better 
expr. by circuml., qui Deo, Christo, etc., 
non credit: V. TO BELIEVE.) 

infidelity; incrédilitas: cf. Vulg. 
Rom. iii. 3: Paul. Nol.- v. UNBELIEF, 
Phr.: a work directed against inf., 
*liber in eos scriptus qui Deum, qui 
fidem Christianam, qui religionem om- 
nino tollere conantur. 

infinite: 1], infinitus: in philos. 
sense: Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104: in loose _ 
sense —=very great: the t. totl of the 
bar, inf. rerum forensium labor, Cic. 
de Or. init.: Vell.: Tae. 2. im- 
mensus: v. IMMEASURABLE. 

infinitely : |]. In philos. sense: 
infinité: Cic. Acad. 1, 7,27. Phr.s % 
greater, omuibus partibus major, Cic 
Fin. 2, 33, 108. II. In colloq. sense, 
very greatly : 1. infinito (with all 
words denoting comparison): % more, 


| inf. plus, Quint. 8, 4, 25: to be 7. supe- 
, rior, inf. praestare, Plin. 25, 8, 52. 


If 
increase be denoted, in [ad] infinitum, 


INFINITIVE MOOD 





Plin. 34, 2, 3. 
V. IMMENSELY. 

infinitive mood: infinitivus (mo- 
dus), Prisc. 8, 13 (p. 822): infinitum 
verbum, Quint. 9, 3, 9. 

infinity; 1, infinitas: 7. of space, 
{nf. locorum, Cic. N. D. 1, 26,73: also in 
soncr. sense, id. Tusc. 5, 39, 114: Amm. 

Q, infinitio: a term coined by Cic. 
= aretpia, Fin. 1, 6, 21. 3, expr. by 
adj.: Vv. INFINITE. 

1 : invalidus, infirmus, imbé- 
cillus, débilis: v. FEEBLE, WEAK. See 
also IRRESOLUTE. 

infirmary: 1. nésécémium (vogo- 
xouecov) Cod. Just. 1,2,19. 2, vale- 
tidinadrium (a sick-100m) : Sen. Ep. 27, 1. 

lafirmity : |. In abstr. sense : 
infirmitas, imbécillitas: v. WEAKNESS, 


2. incrédibilter, ete. : 


FRAILTY, I]. Concrete: @ fault: 
vitium: Hor. S. 1, 3, 1. 
inflame: |. To arouse passion: 


1, accendo, di, sum, 3 (denoting the 
first stirring up of angry feeling): this 
circumstance had greatly id Marius 
against Metellus, quae res Marium con- 
tra Metellum vehementer accenderat, 
Sall. Jug 64: very oft. foll. by iram, 
invidiam, odium, discordiam, etc.: Liv.: 
Curt.: v. TO KINDLE. 2. incendo, 3 
(stronger than preced., and denoting a 
state of mind as the result): to v. any 
one’s desire, alicujus cupiditatem inc., 
Cic. Fam. 15, 21: J am id with anger, 
incendor ira! Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 47: Cic. 
(not accendor in this constr.): Virg.: 
Juv. 8. inflammo, 1 (like incendo, 
but a more rhetorical expr.): to t. or 
extinguish emotion, animurun motus 
vel inf. vel exstinguere, Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 
60: to heighten and i. the desires, cupidi- 
tates augere atque inf., Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 
51. (N.B.—The simple verb is rare and 
poet.: chiefly in p. part. flammatus, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 50.) 4, iro, ussi, ustum, 
3 (to burn with love or jealousy): me 
love i.s, me urit amor, Virg. E. 2, 68: 
Hor. 5. in pass. ardeo, si, sum, 2: 
esp. incept. ardesco, 3: she becomes 1.d 
as she gazes, ardescit tuendo, Virg. Aen. 
1, 713° Lucr. So, flagro, 1: to be i.d 
with hatred, odio flagrare, Cic. de Or. 
2, 45, 190: Suet. See also To EXCITE. 

||. In med. sense, to produce in- 
y aeeraaida inflammo, 1: Plin. 22, 23, 

106. 

a aed. to be: flagro, ardeo: v. 
preced. art. (L., fin.). 
i mmable: ad exardescendum 
facilis: v. COMBUSTIBLE. 
inflammation: inflammatio: 7. at- 
tacks the eyes, oculos inf. occupat, Cels. 
the 1: to remove i., inf. discutere, sedare, 
lin. 
inflammatory: |. Inmedic. sense, 
causing inflammation : qui (quae, quod) 
corpus inflammat, corporis inflamma- 
tionem movet, habet: v. INFLAMMATION. 

ll. Fig.: exciting violence and sedi- 

: 1, séditidsus: Caes. B. G. 1, 17, 
s. atque improba oratio: Cic.: v. SEDI- 
TIOUS. 9, turbilentus: cf. Cic. Att. 
4, 3, med., contiones turbulentae Metelli, 
...~ furiosissimae Clodii. 3, expr. by 
circuml., aptus ad hominum animos, ad 
animerum motus, inflammandos s. con- 
citandos: v. TO INFLAME. 

inflate: |. Lit.: to swell out by 
blowing : 1, inflo, 1: the canvas is 
i.d by the wind, inflatur carbasus vento, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 357: Phaedr.: Cic. a. 
sufflo, 1 (by introducing wind under) : 
to t. the slein, cutem s., Plin. 8, 38, 57. 
ele Il. Fig.: of elatton, pride: fe 
inflo, 1: to ¢. any one’s mind with false 
hope, alicui animos spe falsa inf., Cic. 
in Pis. 36, 89: Liv. (N.B.—Not sufflo 
in this sense. 2. to be i.d, tiimeo, ui, 
2: to be id with empty pride, inani 
superbia t., Phaedr. 1, 3, 4: Juv. (but 
both tumeo and tumesco are oftener 
used of ferment of fecling). 3, turgeo, 
si, 2 foe of diction; to be i.d, bom- 
bastic): Hor. A. P. 27. Join: [oratio 
quae] turget et inflata est, Auct. Her. 
4,10, 15. In same sense, turgesco, 3: 
Quint. 12, 10, 73. See also ELATED 
(TO BE). 


INFLUENCE 


inflated (par! adj.): 
(both lit. and fig.): Cic.: Quint. Join: | 
inflatus et tumens, Dial. Or. 18; inf. et 
inanis, Quint. 12, 10, 16: cf. preced. | 
art. (3). Q. tiimidus: esp. of diction, | 
opp. to the truly grand (grandis), Quint. | 
10, 2, 16: Liv.: Plin. jun. 3, tur- | 
gidus (rare in this sense): Hor. 5. 1, 10, 
36. 4. tiimens, turgescens: v. pre- 
ced. art. (IL.). 

inflation: usu. of style: tiimor (im- 
modicus): Quint. 12, 10, 73. Or expr. 
by neut. of adj. (cf. L. G. § 342): let 
there be no i., ne quid sit inflati, ne quid 
turgidi: v. INFLATED. 





inflect : ], déclino, 1: Varr.: 
Quint. 9. inclino, 1: Gell. 3. 
flecto, xi, xum, 3: Quint. 8, 3, 36. (In- 


flecto is to mark with the circumfl-x 
accent: Arnob. 1, 58, p. 35.) Ct. foll 
art. 

inflection: 1. déclinatio (in older 
writers including al/ formations of words 
from euch other): Varr. L. L. 8, 2 § 3: 
in Quint. 1, 4, 13, used of the formation 
of tenses: so Varr. L. L, 10, 26 ¢ 166. 
The form declinatus, iis, also occurs: 
Varr. 9. flexira: Varr. L. L. 10, 
28 § 166. Also flexus, Us: Quint. 1, 


mLGs 
inflexibility: 1, obstinatio (in 
good or bad sense): V. FIRMNESS, OBSTI- 
NACY. Q. rigor animi (with harsh- 
ness): Tac. Ann. 6, 50: Sen. 
inflexible: |. Lit.: rigidus: v. 
STIFF, UNBENDING. |], Fig.: 1, ob- 
stinatus : 7. will, obs. voluntas [et offir- 
mata], Cic. Att. 1, 11: %. against tears, 
obs. adversus lacrymas, Liv. 2,40. 2, 
rigidus (harsh, stern, unytelding ) : (Cato) 
of i. integrity, r. innocentiae, Liv. 39, 
40: Hor. 3, ténax propositi: Hor. 
Od. 3, 3, I. 4, inflexibilis, e (rare): 
t. obstinacy, inf. obstinatio, Plin. Ep. 10, 
96(97), 3: Sen. See also PERSEVERING, 
OBSTINATE. 
inflexibly : 1, obstinaté: v. 
FIRMLY (4); OBSTINATELY. 2. rigide 
(severely, sternly): Val. Max. 9, 7, fin. 
8, obstinata mente, inflexibili ob- 
stinatione: v. preced. art. 
inflexion: V- INFLECTION. 
inflict; |. To lay on, bring upon: 
1. infligo, xi, ctum, 3 (violently: 
with acc. and dat.): tot. a deadly blow 
(fig.), mortiferam plagam inf., Cic. Vat. 
8, 20: toi. loss upon the state, damna 
civitati inf., Just. 3,5, med. Q, inféro, 
tili, latum, 3, irr. (to bring upon, in 
any vay: with acc. and dat.): (the 
missiles) i..d many wounds upon our 
men, multa nostris vulnera inferebant, 
Cues. B. C. 2, 6: v. TO BRING UPON. 3. 
Adigo, égi, actum, 3 (to drive home a 
thrust): he i.’d a wound through the 
helmet, vulnus per galeam adegit, Tac. 
Ann. 1, 61: Virg. 4, impono, posui, 
itum, 3 (only fig.): to %. wounds upon 
the commonwealth, reipublicae vulnera 
imp., Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 66. Phr.: to i. 
blows upon any one, colaphos alicui in- 
fringere, Ter. Ad. 2, I, 453 incutere, 
Juv. 9, 5: to 7. an injury, injuriam 
offerre, facere, etc. (v. INJURY). Il. 
To impose punishment or a fine: Phr.: 
to t. punishment upon any one, poenam 
capere de aliquo, Liv. 2, 5, med.; in 
aliquem, Curt. 4, 6, fin.; supplicium 
{usu. of capital punishment] de aliquo 
sumere, Caes, B. G. 6, 44: Cic.; poena 
aliqu m afficere, Cic. Off. 2, 5, extr.: to 
i. a fine, multam (alicui) irrogare, Cic. 
Mil. 14, 36. 
infliction: |. The act of inflict- 
ing: expr. by verb: v. preced. art. The 
i. of a fine, multae irrogatio, Cic. Rab. 
perd. 3,8. |. The punishment; poena, 
malum, incommédum, ete. 
inflorescence: flos: v. FLOWER. 
influence (subs.): |. Power ez- 
erted, esp. by suasion, or in any manner 
without violence : 1, vis, vim, vi, f. 
(power working in whatever way): to 
have greater i. to deter than to encou- 
rage, majorem vim habere ad deter- 
rendum quam ad cohortandum. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 61, 258: Vv. FORCE, POWER. | 
9. momentum (that which inclines | 


INFLUENTIAL 





1 inflatus | the scale; influences events one way or 


the other): by a slight i. to be swayed 
this way or that, levi m. buc vel illuc 
impelli, Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 31: to have 
great i. either vay, magnum in utram- 
que partem m. habere, Caes. B.C. 3, 70: 
so, Magno m. e=se ad..., Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 
77. Phr.: to have t, (i). valeo, 2: 
prudence will have no i. without justice, 
sine justitia nibil valebit prudentia, Cic. 
Off. 2, 9, extv.: the purpose for uvhich 
usu. expr. by ad, esp. with gerund., 
Caes. B. (+. 6, 30. (2). polleo, 2 (more 
freq. in sense 1V., q. v.): justice has 
more +, in inspiring confidence, Justitia 
ad fidem faciendam plus p., Cic. Off. 2, 
g. fin. (3). possum, irr. (chiefly with 
multum, plus, plurimum, nihil, ete.): 
Jortune has great %. in everything, 
multum in omnibus rebus p. tortuna, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 30. to huve more i. with 
any one, plus apud aliquem p., Cic. 
Verr. 3, 57, 131. |]. Specially, spi- 
ritual or divine inf. : j, affiatus, ts : 
no gieat man without a divine t., nemo 
vir magnus sine aliquo af. divino, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 66, 166. , instinctus, is 
(any urging or prompting; whereas 
afflatus is an inspiration): Join: in- 
stinctus divinus afflatusque, Cic. Div. 1, 
18, 34; impulsus instinctusque, Gell. 1, 
Ir. med, II]. Impression produced 
upon the feelings : expr. by mOveo, per- 
moveo: Vv. IMPRESSION (1V.). JY, “er- 
sonal or other importance and weight: 

1, auctoritas (esp. resulting jrom 
character): grey hairs and wrinkles 
cannot all at once give t., non cani, non 
rugae repente a. afferre possunt, Cic. 
Sen. 18,62: to have very great i. with 
any one, plurimum apud aliquem auc- 
toritatis habere, Cic. Att. 16, 16 (A.). 

2. dpes, um, f. (wealth, resources, 
power) : ¥. WEALTH, ete. 3, potentia 
(excessive inf., predominance): the t. of 
the oligarchy increased, paucorum p. 
crevit, Sall. Cat. 39. Phr.: to have w., 
(1). polieo, 2: to have paramount i. in 
the state, plurimum p. in republica, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 3: also toll. by ad, where 
an end is expressed, Cic. Off. 2, 9, fin. 
(2). vileo, 2 (less emphatic than polleo) : 
he has much t. in the Fabian tribe, hic 
multum v. in Fabia, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, §2. 
(3). possum, wr. (for constr., v. supr. L., 
fin.): to have the greatest t. vith any 
one on the ground of friendship, apud 
aliquem amicitia plurimum p., Cic. 
R. Am. I, 4. V. Versonal veight as 
exerted in trials, elections, etc.: gratia: 
cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 9, xratia atque largi- 
tione apud Sequanos plurimum poterat: 
to carry a point by one’s i., gr. sua 
aliquid efficere, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, med. 

influence (v-): 1, méveo, movi, 
tum, 2: tu be much 7.d by custom, consue- 
tudine multum moveri, Caes. B.G. 1, 44: 
toi. the minds of judges, animos judicum 
m., Quint. 6, 1,2: Cic. So comps. per- 
moveo (strengthened from moveo), com~ 
moveo (to excite and agitate): to %. by 
promises, by threats of danger, pollici« 
tationibus, denuntiatione periculi perm., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 9: Cic. 2. impello, 
pello, 3: v. TO INDUCE. Phr.: who 
knows not that fortune greatly t.s events 
both ways, Magnum vim esse in fortuna 
in utramque partem quis ignorat? Cic. 
Off. 2, 6, 19: so, Magno Momento esse 
ad ..., Cic. Inv. 2, 26,77: that circum- 
stance above all id people to ..., ea 
res in primis studia hominum accen- 
debat ad ..., Sall. Cat. 23: v. preced. 
art. (1.). 
influential: 1. gravis, e: as ap- 

plied to persons, niore fully, auctoritate 
gravis, Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154: V- WEIGHTY, 
IMPORTANT. 9. expr. by auctoritas: 
most t. and distinguished persons, in 
quibus summa a. et amplitudo, Cic. 
R. Am. 1, 2: so i. a leader, tant& a. dux, 
Cic. Att. 7, 7, ad fin.: ct. supr.(1). 3. 
pdtens (possessing ascendancy in the 
state): Vv. POWERFUL. 4, amplus 
(enjoying high position and distinc- 
tion): 1%. (distinguished) and honour. 
able families, a. et honestae familiae 
Cic. Mur. 7, 15: Caes. 5, expr. by 

e 407 


INFLUENZA 


INGENUOUSNESS 








polleo, valeo, 2 (to be 7.): Vv. INFLUENCE, 
subs. (IV., Phr.). 


influenza; *catarrhi genus quod | 


influenza dicitur. 

influx: influxio (v. rare): Macr. 
Better expr. by inftuo, affluo, etc.: there 
was an unusual %. of strangers to the 
capital, *advenarum ingens multitudo 
in urbem influxerat: v. TO FLOCK IN, 
FLOW IN. 

infold; involvo, amplector: 
WRAL UP, EMBRACE. 

inform: |. To give shape to, or- 
ganize: effingo, formo, informo: yv. TO 
FASHION, FORM. I]. 70 give intelli- 
gence: 1, certiorem facio, 3 (the cir- 
cumstance about which, expr. by de and 
abl. or gen., also by clause): the Hel- 
vetii were i.’d of Caesan’s arrival, H. de 
Caesaris adventu certiores facti sunt, 
Caes.: he i.’d me of his design, c. me 
sui consilii fecit, Cic.: foll. by acc. and 
anf., Caes. B. G. 1, 113 by rel. and subj., 
Cic. Att. 3, 11. 9, doceo, 2 (in this 
sense, usu. foll. by de and abl., or by rel. 
clause ; but an acc. of neut. pron. may 
be used, cf. L. G. § 253): that Sulla 
should be %.’d of these things, Sullam de 
his rebus doceri, Cic. R. Am. 9, 26: with 
acc. aud inf., Caes. B. G. 3, 5; with rel. 
and subj., Cic. R. Am. 9,25: v. TO SHOW, 
POINT OUT. 3, nuntio, I (by messenger 
or letter): V. TO ANNOUNCE, TELL. 4, 
expr. by cognosco, novi, nitum, 3: v. TO 
ASCERTAIN, LEARN. I]. Zo inform 
against, in legal sense : 1, (ndmen) 
deféro, 3, iv7.: constr. with gen. of per- 
son, and abl. of charge with de, nomen 
alicujus de aliqua re def., Cic. R. Am. 
10, 28; also with daf. of person and 
gen. of charge, alicui nomen alicujus rei 
def., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, 68: in later 
writers, defero takes a direct acc. of the 
person, to 7. against (accuse) any one 
for adultery, aliquem adulterii d., Tac. 
A. 4, 42: V. TO ACCUSE. 9, indico, 1 ; 
indicium profiteor (“to turn king’s evi- 
dence’’): v. INFORMATION. 

informal: perh. vitidsus (strictly, 
with ref. to the auspices): cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 
33, 84, vitiosus consul — vitio creatus. 

informality; perh. vitium (strictly 
with ref. to defect in the auspices): 
comp. foll. art. E 

informally: vitio: Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 
11: cf. preced. art. 

informant: |. One who imparts 
information : auctor (one who is respon- 
sible for what is stated): cf. Cic. Att. 
14, 8, sibi insidias fieri; se id certis auc- 
toribus (informants, or, as we say, in- 
formation that could be relied on): he 
told the fact, without mentioning the 
name of his %, rem narravit, sublato 
auctoris nomine,.Sall. Cat. 24. I]. In 
legal sense: délator: v. INFORMER. 

information : |. Intelligence : 
Phr.: having received 7. of this, certior 
factus de his rebus, Caes. pass. (v. TO 
INFORM); his rebus cognitis, Caes. pass. : 
on reliable i., luculentis, certis auctori- 
bus (v. preced. art.): inf. by letter or 
messenger, nuntius, sing. or pl, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 2, init. (v. NEWS, TIDINGS). —[], 
Knowledge possessed: Phr.: (a person) 
of great %., *multarum rerum scientia 
instructus: V. KNOWLEDGE.  |]|, Legal 
denunciation: délatio: Cic.: Tac. To 
lay an inf. against any one, (nomen) 
defero, 3, ivr.: v. TO INFORM (III.): to 
give t. akon a guilty person betrays his 
accomplices), indico. 1: e. g., ind. de 
conjuratione, Sall. Cat. 30: so, to offer to 
give i., indicium profiteri, Sall. Jug. 35; 
ind. offerre, Tac. A. 11, 35. See also 
INDICTMENT. 

informer: 1, délator (esp. a dis- 
honest, veval %., asunder the Empire) : 
rewards given to i.s, praemia delatorum, 
Suet. Ner. to: Tac. Join: criminum 
auctores delatoresque, Liv. 45, 31, med. 
Phr.: he had been an i. under Nero, 
temporibus Neronis delationes factita- 
verat, Tac. H.2,10. Q, quadruplator 
(v. Dict. Ant. p. 980): vilest of is, 
puadruplatorum deterrimus, Cic. Verr. 
2, 2, 8, 22:) Liv. 8. index, icis, c. 
(esp. one who betrays his accomplices) : 

408 


v.. TO 





all those facts i.s have revealed, haec 
omnia indices detulerunt, Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 
init.: 7.8 and assassins, i. atque Ssicarii, 
Cic. Mur. 24,49. (N.B.—Not accusator, 
except in late authors, cf. Suet. Aug. 
66, med.) 

infraction: expr. by vidlo, rumpo, 
etc.: v.TO VIOLATE. Phr.: tobe guilty 
of an %. of a treaty, contra foedus facere, 
Cic. Bal. 4, to: no more palpable i. of 
duty, nibil magis officio contrarium, Cic. 
Off. 1, 14, 43. 

infrequency : raritas: v. RARITY. 
Sometimes best expr. by raro: v. 
SELDOM. 

infrequent: rarus: v. RARE. 

infrequently; raro: v. SELDOM. 

infringe : vidlo, rumpo, frango 
(rare): v. TO BREAK (IIJ.) Phr.. to 
i. a right or claim, jus imminuere, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 33, 84. 

infringement: Phr.: ant. of any 
one’s dignity, dignitatis alicujus immi- 
nutio, Cic. Fam. 3, 8: Vv. INFRACTION. 

infuriate (v.) : efféro, 1: that butch- 
ery positively. i.d the Thebans, ea vero 
caedes efferavit Thebanos [ad exsecra- 
bile odium Romanorum], Liv. 33, 29. 

infuriated (part. adj.): furens, 
fiiribundus, etc.: v. ENRAGED, EXASPE- 
RATED. 

infuse: |, Lit.: infundo, 3. v. 
TO POUR IN. Il. Fig.: to instil, in- 
spire: injicio, jeci, jectum, 3: v. TO 
INSPIRE. 

infusion: |. Act of pouring in: 
infusio (rare): Plin. (Usu. better expr. 
by infundo: v. TO POUR IN.) I]. Act 
of inspiring : expr. by injicio, ete.: v. 
TO INSPIRE. I]. 4 fluid impregnated 
by steeping something in tt: diluitum: 
an 7. of wormwood, (absinthi) dil., Plin. 
27, 7, 28: if boiled, decoctum: v. DE- 
COCTION. 

ingathering; pereeptio (frugum) : 
Cic. Off. 2, 3,12. See also HARVEST. 

ingenerate: genéro, gigno: v. TO 
BEGET. 

ingenious: 1, sollers (sdlers), 
rtis: provident and %. Nature, provida 
s.que Natura, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: 
nothing more % (than grafting), nihil 
sollertius, Cic. Sen. 15, extr. , sub- 
tilis, e (strictly, jime, precise; hence, 
nice, clever): a most t. invention, sub- 
tilissimum inventum, Plin. 31, 3, 23. 
Join: sollers subtilisque, Cic. N. D. 2, 
47,121. 3, artificidsus: 7. and divine 
handiwork, a. divinumque opus, Cic. 
N. D. 2,55, 138. (N.B.—Not ingeniosus, 
which is highly gifted, in gen. sense.) 
Phr.: an t. but simple contrivance was 
resorted to, nova haud magni operis ex- 
cogitata res est, Liv. 38, 7: a very 1. 
piece of mechanism, opus singulari sol- 
lertia ac subtilitate perfectum, cf. Cic. 
Verr. 4, 33, 72: a wonderfully t. mili- 
tary engineer, mirabilis inventor ac 


machinator bellicorum tormentorum, 
Liv. 24, 34, init. 
ingeniously: _ 1. sollerter (sdl.): 


Vv. SKILFULLY. artificidsé : Cic. 
N. D. 2, 22,. inti. 3, Magna s. sill- 
gulari sollertia ac subtilitate: v. INGE- 


nuiry. (N.B.—Not ingeniose: v. pre- 
ced. art.) 
ingenuity: 1, sollertia (sdler-): no 


craftsman can come up to the i. of nature, 
naturae sollertiam nemo opifex conse- 
qui potest imitando, Cic. N. 1. 2, 32, 81. 
Join: machinatio [quaedam] atque 
sollertia, -Cic! N. D. 2, 48, init.: v. 
SKILL. 2. subtilitas (nicety, refine- 
ment): the perverse i. of grammarians, 
perversa grammaticorum s., Plin. 35, 3, 
4: cf. INGENIOUS (2). 3, ars, artis, f. : 
characterised by much 7%. (the poem of 
Lucretius), multae artis, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 
I1,extr. °4, machinatio (contrivance): 
cf. supr. (1): the’ pl. may be used for 
comprehensiveness, cf. Nagels. p. 41, sqq. 
(N.B.—Ingenium is mental endowment 
in widest sense.) 

ingenuous; ingénuus: Ter.: Cic.: 
V, FRANK, CANDID. 

ingenuously : ingénué: Cic,: Quint. : 
¥. FRANKLY, CANDIDLY. 











INHABIT 


Join: ingenuitas et rubor, Cic. de Or. 
2, 59, 242; probitas [quaedam] et ing., 
Cic. Ac. 1, 9, 33- 
ingle: focus, 
PLACE. 
inglorious: 1. inglorius: a brief 
and 7. command, breve et ing. impe- 
rium, Tac. A. 12, 14,extr. Join: in- 
honoratus et inglorius, Cic. 2. inhd- 
noratus (nvt actually enjoying honour ; 
inglorius, also not deserving it): Cic. ; 








caminus: v. FIRE- 


Liv. 3. turpis, €: V. DISGRACEFUL. 

ingloriously : 1. sine gloria: 
Hor? Od 1350265, 2: 2, turpiter: v. 
DISGRACEFULLY. 


ingot: later, éris, m. (lit. a brick): 
i.s of gold, |, aurei, Plin. 33, 3, 17. 

ingraft: inséro, 3: v. TO GRAFT. 
See also TO IMPLANT. 

ingrained (part. adj.) : nearest word 
perh, insitus (¢mplanted, innate): cf. 
Liv. 34, 20, imit., insita feritas. To be- 
come %., inolescere, Virg. Aen. 6, 738. 

ingratiate: usu. as reflex., to ing. 
oneself : 1. expr. by concilio, 1 (to 
gain over, render favourable : with acc. 
and dat.): he thought to i. himself with 
the legions by money, legiones sibi con- 
ciliare pecunia cogitabat, Cic. Fam. 13, 
23: more fully, animos hominum c., 
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 175 sibi gratiam alicnjus 
c., Cic. Man, 24, 70; favorem (populi) 
c., Suet. Caes. IT. 2. gratiam ineo, 
4, irr.: to %. oneself with a person, ab 
aliquo gr, inire, Cic. Verr. 2, 46, 113; 
so with ad and acc., Liv. 33, 46. a 
gratificor, 1 (to do anything to gratify 
or oblige: with dat. of person, and oft. 
neut. of pron. or like word as object: 
cf. L. G. § 253): to 7%. oneself with the 
people by means of what belongs to 
others, gr. populo aliena, Cic. Rep. 1, 44. 
Phr.: to seek to t. oneself with any one, 
alicujus gratiam sequi, Caes. B. C. 1, 1: 
to i. oneself with one’s fellow-citizens, 
benevolentiam civium blanditiis colli- 
gere, Cic. Am. 17, 61; so, gratiam col- 
ligere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16. 

ingrate: ingratus: v. UNGRATEFUL. 

ingratitude: animus ingratus: to 
shrink from the charge of %., animi ing. 
crimen horrere, Cic. Att. 9, 2, 3: the 
vice of 7., vitium ing. animi, Sen. Ben. 
init. So in various ways, the sense of 
the abstr. subs. may be expr. by adj. 
ingratus: there will be more it. if..., 
plures ingrati erunt si..., Sen. Ben. 3, 
16, 1: what then, shall i. be unpunished, 
quid ergo? impunitus erit ingratus? ib. 
3, 17, 1: to incur the charge of i. in 
nomen ingrati incidere, ib. 5, 13, 3. 
Phr.: one who is guilty of 7. qui 
sensum beneficiorum amisit, ib. 3, 17, 
23 qui nullam beneficii gratiam habet, 
cf. Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69. (N.B.—By no 
means ingratitudo, or ingratia.) 

ingredient: usu. not expr. by a 
subs.: Phr.: when you have mixed alt 
the i.s well together, ubi omnia bene 
commiscueris, Cato R. R. 84: you must 
use the same i.s as..., eadem omnia in- 
dito quae..., ib. 81: one of the t.s men- 
tioned, ex iis tot rebus quot scriptum 
est unum, ib. 158, extr.: let a pouitice 
be applied made of the following 1s, 
impvnatur id quod ex his constat, Cels. 
6,17: (poultices) of which cumin is the 
main v., quae cum cumino componuntur, 
ib. 6, 18, 4: @ composition, the is of 
which are..., compositio quae habet..., 
ib. 5, 22,25 in qua sunt..., ib. § 4. 

ingress: inmgressus, etc.: v. 
TRANCE. 

ingulf: voéro, dévdro, haurio: v. To 
SWALLOW. Phr.: 7%.’d in the abyss, 
submersus voraginibus, Cic. Div. 1, 33,73. 

ingulfing (adj.): usu. in phr., ing. 
waters or abyss, vérago, inis, f.: ct. 
preced. art. (but vorago is oft. simply, a 
quagmire, cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 296). See 
also ABYSS, 

inhabit: 1, incdlo, ui, cultum, 3: 
to i. territory, cities, places, agros, urbes, 
loca inc., Cic.: Caes. (pass.). Less freq. 
in this sense, simple verb, colo: what 
people first 7’d Britain, Britanniam qui 
mortales initio coluerint, Tac. Agr. 11, 


EN- 


ingenuousness: ingénuitas: Cic. | init.: they ¢. both sides of the Rhone 


INHABITABLE 


INHUMANLY 


INJUDICIOUS 





colunt circa utramque ripam Rhodani, 
Liv. 21, 26. Join: colere et habitare, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 53, 119. 2. habito, 1 
(to dwell in, have as an abode, with ref. 
tu houses, cities, etc., not whole coun- 
tries like incolo: both trans. and im- 
trans.) : they i. 100 great cities, centum 
urbes habitant magnas, Virg. Aen. 3, 
106; Cic.: Liv.: v, TO DWELL. Some- 
times used as impers. pass.: Xenophanes 
says the moon 7s i.’d, habitari ait X. in 
luna, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123. (N.B.—The 
comp. inbabito is v. rare, and should be 
avoided.) 3, téneo, ui, ntum, 2 (to 
occupy, have possession of): Evander 
had i.’d (or possessed) those regions, E. 
ea tenuerat loca, Liv. 1, 5. Tac. G. 37, 
init. Phr.: from this point, the banks 
of the Indus are i.d by..., bine deinde 
accolunt..., Plin. 6, 20, 23 § 77 (ef. Cic. 
Rep. 6, 18, ea gens quae illum locum 
accolit): the country is very thicily 7.’d, 
hominum est infinita multitudo [creber- 
rimaque aedificia), Caes. B. G. 5, 12: 
regions thinly i.’d, quae loca minus fre- 
quentata sunt, Sall. Jug. 17. 

inhabitable: bhiabitabilis, e: Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 20, 45: Hor.: Ov. (Inhabita- 
bilis occurs in same sense in Arn. [1, 2, 
p. 3}, but in Cic. and Plin. = unin- 
habitable.) 

inhabitant: 1. incdla, c.: the is 
of Africa, Africae incolae, Sall. Jug. 19, 
extr.: an t. and citizen of the hole 
world, totius mundi i. et civis, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 37, 108: Plin. Join: incolae atque 
habitatores, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140. So, 
accéla, one who dwells near: an %. of 
the neighbourhood, accola ejus loci, Liv. 
He ye 2, habitator (a dweller): cf. 
supr. 3, homines may oft. be used, 
esp. in geogr. descriptions: though the 
number of i.s is so great, quanquam in 
tanto hominum numero, Tac. G. 4: 
Caes. (Vv. TO INHABIT, extr.). 4, oft. 
expr. by verb: far the most civilized 
are the i.s of Ken, longe sunt humanis- 
simi qui Cantium incolunt, Caes. B. G. 
5, 14: the red hair of the is of Cale- 
donia, rutilae Caledoniam habitantium 
(incolentium]) comae, Tac. Agr. 11: the 
earliest i.s of Africa were,.., Africam 
initio habuere..., Sall. Jug. 18, init. 

5, cultor (somewhat rare in this 

sense): the i.s of the countiy, cultores 
ejus terrae, Sall. Jug. 17, extr.: the 
ancient i.s (of Capua), antiqui c., Livy. 
7, 38, med. 

inhabited (part. adj.): ubi habita- 
tur: v. TO INHABIT (2, fin.). Thickly 7., 
freqnens (hominibus) : cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 
106; Plin. 5,9, 11 § 60: thinly 7., parum 
frequentatus, cf. Sall. Jug. 17. 
inhalation: expr. by verb: v. foll. 
t. 


inhale: spiritu duco, haurio (R. and 
A.): v. TO DRAW (IIL.). 

inharmonious; discors, dissdénus, 
absOnus: v. DISCORDANT. Phr.: 7. verse, 
immodulata poemata, Hor. A. P. 263. 

inharmoniously: *parum conson- 
anter, dissonis vocibus. 

inhere, inherent, be. 1, in- 
haereo, si, sum, 2 (to cling fast to, be 
inseparable from: foll. by in and abl. ; 
also dat.) : there is a kind of foreboding 
inherent in our minds, inh. in mentibus 
quasi quoddam augurium, Cic. Tuse. 1,15, 
33. 2, insum, fui, esse - to be inherent 
in the universe, inesse in universitate 
rerum, Cic. N. D. t, 43, 120. philosophy 
is by nature t. in his mind, inest natura 
philosophia in hujus viri mente, Cic. Or. 
13, 41: cf. Sall. Jug. 64, inerat (ei) con- 
temptor animus et superbia: but the 
expression is less strong than Eng.: it 
may be strengthened by proprius, cf. 
Quint. 6, 3, 12, inest proprius quibus- 
dam decor, “ there is in some an inherent 
charm.” 3, expr. by insitus, innatus . 
V.INNATE. Phr.: inherent properties, 
quae sunt rebus conjuncta, Lucr. 1, 450. 
See also PECULIAR, NATURAL, 

inherently: *propriasua vi, natura: 
v. NATURALLY, 

inherit; i.e. to receive by hereditary 
succession : per successionem accipio, cf. 
Plin, 12, 13, 30 § 54, jus per successiones 


ar 








id sibi vindicant; also, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 
4, Morbi per successiones quasdam tra- 
duntur, i.e. are inaerited. (The terms 
heres, hereditas, denote simply succes- 
ston by testament: vy. HEIR, INHERIT- 
ANCE.) Phr.: to have a name i.’d from 
any one, nomen ab aliquo hereditarium 
habere, Cic. Rep. 6, 11: he had i.’d the 
complaint from his father, patrius hic 
(morbus) illi, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4. 

inheritance: 1, héréditas (the 
condition of a heres; also, the property 
coming to such): t. is succession to the 
entire rights enjoyed by one deceased, 
h. est successio in universum jus quod 
defunctus habuit, Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 24: 
to come to any ome by t., hereditate alicui 
venire, Cic. Inv. 1, 45, 84; obvenire, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 12, med.: Plin.- to receive 
an %., capere h. ab aliquo, Cic. Caec. 35, 
102; consequi, Nep. Att. 21: to enter 
on possession of an %., bh. adire, Cic. Ph. 
2, 16, extr. (the legal act was cretio: v. 
Dict. Ant. s. v. heres): you say I receive 
no 7.8, hereditates mihi venire negasti, 
Cic. l. c. init. 2. successio (hereditary 
succession): V.TO INHERIT. Phr.: as 
an inheritance, may be expr. by heredi- 
tarius: cf. Liv. 21, 3, hereditarii sint 
relicti exercitus nostri, left as an inhe- 
ritance: V. HEREDITARY. 

inheritor: heres, édis, m.: v. HETR. 

inhibit: 1, interdico, xi, ctum, 3 
(formally to forbid): cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 
22, interdicit atque imperat Cassivelauno, 
ne...nuceat: v. TO INTERDICT. Oy 
édico ne (referring to a magistrate’s no- 
tification): cf. Cic. in Pis. 8, 17, edicere 
ut Senatus §.-consulto ne obtemperet : 
Vv. TO FORBID. 

inhibition; perb. interdictum: v. 
INTERDICT. 

inhospitable: 1, inhospitalis, e 
(of countries: rare): %. Caucasus, inh. 
Caucasus, Hor. Od. 1, 22, 6: Plin. >: 
inhospitus (= preced.: poet.): 7. abodes, 
inh. tecta, Ov. M. 15, 15: Hor.: neut. pi. 
= 1. regions, Sil. 3, hospitibus férus 
(of persons only: poet.): Hor. Od. 3, 4, 33. 

4, inhiimanus, immitis (gen. terms 

including the sense); v. SAVAGE, CRUEL. 
Phr.: an it. person, homo paucorum 
hospitum, cf. Cic. Clu. 59, 163; *qui 
hospites fugit atque aversatur, cf. Cic. 
Tuse. 4, 11, 27: barbarians are usually 
i., barbarae gentes plerumque se crudeles 
in hospites (advenas) praebent. 

inhospitably: parum s. minime 
hospitaliter {not Cic.]: v. HOSPITABLY. 
(Inbumane may serve where the context 
defines. Tert. has inhumane et inhos- 
pitaliter, but the latter adv. is unclass.) 

inhospitality : inhospitalitas (v. 
rare, and used only in ethical descrip- 
tion, as ¢. ¢.): Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 27. 
Phr.: to display 7., parum hospitaliter 
se gerere (V. HOSPITABLY) ; hospites valde 
fugere, Cic. |. c.; *in hospites minus 
liberalem se praebere. 

inhuman: 1, _immianis, e (mon- 
strously cruel): the 7. and barbarous 
custom of human sacrifice,im. ac barbara 
consuetudo immolandorum hominuum, 
Cic. Font. 10, 21: Ov. Join: immanis 
atque importunus, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 3, 8: 
tantum [facinusj, tam immane, tam 
acerbum, Cic. R. Am. 24, jin. : 
criidélis, saevus. Vv. CRUEL. 3. inhi- 
manus (unworthy of a human being, 
destitute of human feeling): %. cruelty, 
inh. crudelitas, Liv. 21, 4, eztv. Join: 
tam durus et ferreus, tam inhumanus, 
Cic. Verr. 5,46, init. Join: crudelis et 
inhumanus, Cic. Off. 3,6, 29. (N.B.— This 
syn. must be used with caution, as its 
sense is far wider than that of the Eng.) 
Phr.: a most 7. punishment, supplicium 
exempli parum memoris legum human- 
arum, Liv. 1, 28, extr. 

inhumanity: 1, immanitas (bru- 
tality of any kind): cf. Cic. Deiot. 12, 
32, where it is opp. to humanitas, and a 
syn. of inhumanitas {tam crudelis, tam 
immoderata inhumanitas]: V. SAVAGE- 
NESS, BRUTALITY 2. inhimanitas 
(lack of human feeling): v. supr. (1) 

8. criidélitas, saevitia: v. CRUELTY. 
inhumanly: 





1, cradéliter. saevé: | 


Vv. CRUELLY. Q, inhimdané (cf. nou 
MAN, 3): Ter.: Cic. Join: inhumane 
contraque naturae legem, Cic. Off. 3, 4 
30. 3, immanem in modum: Cic 
(in Kr.) 4, expr. by modal abl, tantd 
crudelitate, etc.: v. INHUMANITY. 

inhume; hiimo, inhimo, 1: y. Te 
BURY. 

inimical]: inimicus: v. UNFRIENDLY, 
HOSTILE. 

inimically: inimicé Cic. 

inimitable: 1, inimitabilis, e (not 
in Cic.): 7. amiability, morum dulcedo 
in., Vell. 2, 97: Quint. 2. haud s. 
parum imitabilis: cf. Cic. Or. 23, 76, 
nihil est experienti minus (imitabile) : 
cf. also Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 4, maxime imi- 
tabilis, maxime imitandus: or, nemini 
imitabilis, Quint. (in Kr.). 3. expr. 
by imitor: 7. s/ill, sollertia quam nemo 
opifex possit consequi -mitando, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 32, 81. (Sometimes = excellent 
in a high degree: v. INXCOMPARABLE.) 

inimitably ; quod nemo possit imi- 
tando consequi: v. preced. art. (3). 
Phr.: 7%. represented, sine aemulo ex- 
pressus, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 71. See alse 
INCOMPARABLY. 
_ iniquitous: improébus, iniquus, in- 
justus: v. UNJUST, WICKED. 

iniquitously : imprdbe, iniqué, ete. - 
Vv. WICKEDLY. 

iniquity; improbitas: v. 
NESS. 

initial (adj.): primus: v. First. 

initial (subs.): *prima nmominis s. 
verbi littera. 

initiate: |. To introduce to the 
mysteries: Ynitio, 1: to be id in the 
mysteries of Ceres, Cereri initiari, Cic. 
Leg. 2, 15, init.; of Bacchus, Bacchis 
initiari, Liv. 39, 14. |]. In gen., to 
introduce : initio, 1: e. g. initiari literis, 
studiis, Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 8: Quint. 1, 2, 
20. (N.B.—In either sense the verb 
occurs chiefly in pass.) See also TO 
IMBUE. 

initiated (part. adj.): 1, initi- 
atus: Liv.: Just. 2, mysta or mystes, 
ae, m, (Gr. pvotms: one who has been i. 
in the Eleusintan mysteries). Ov. F 4 
536: Sen. trag. 

initiation: |. Theceremony: 1, 
Initiatio: Suet. Ner. 34, jin.: Apul 

9. initiamenta, orum: Sen. Ep. go, 

29 (where the use is fig.). 3. expr. 
by verb: v. TO 1nITIATE. (N.B.— Initia 
denotes the mysteries themselves.) ll. 
Any introduction or beginning: expr. 
by words under (I.): v. IL. ce. 

initiatory: ad initiationem perti- 
nens: v. preced, art. 

inject: 1, infundo, fidi, sum, 3: 
to t. a medicine by the mouth or bya 
clyster, medicamentum alicui inf., vel ore 
vel clystere, Ulp. Dig. 9, 2,9: Cels. 2, 12, 
Jin.: Plin. 9, immitto, misi, ssum, 3: 
Cels. 2, 12, med.; Suet. CL 44, extr. (per 
clysterem). In same sense are less freq. 
used, injicio, Scrib.; (clystere) adigo, 
Cels. 7, 27, ad init. 

injection: |. The act: infusio: 
Plin. 20, 21, 84, § 228; also infusus, us 
(in abl.), id. 24, 6, 15 (Ian. reads in- 
fusum, part.). Or expr by infundo: v. 
preced, art. |]. That which is in- 
jected : ], clyster, éris, m. (applied 
to the bowels): to clear out hellebore 
by is, clysteribus helleborum extra- 
here, Plin. 25, 5, 23: Cels.: Vv. To IN- 
JECT (1.); CLYSTER. 9, énéma, atis, 
n. (Gr. eveua, fr. évinue: that which is 
injected in a clyster): Theod. Prisc.: 
M. L. 3. injectidnale, is, n. (very 
rare): Theod. Prise. 4, expr. by in- 
fundo (v. To INJECT): vinegar used as 
an i. stops diarrhoea, acetum sistit al- 
vum infusum, Plin. 23, 1, 27: the t 
ought to be neither cold nor hot, id quod 
infunditur neque frigidum esse oportet, 
neque calidum, Cels. 2,12, fin. Phr.: 
an i. of pure water must be adminis- 
tered, immittenda in alvum est aqua 
pura, Cels. 2, 12, ad fin.: v. TO INJECT. 

injudicious: inconsultus (incon- 
stderate, ill-advised): cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 
1, 2, inconsultam rationem, sive (gravis- 
simo verbo utar), temeritatem: Liv.: ¥, 

409 


WICKED- 


INJUDICIOUSLY 


INN 





IMPRUDENT. Phr.- an extremely i. 
person, *homo nullius consilii. 

injudiciously: inconsulté- v. mm- 
PRUDENTLY 

injudiciousness : inconsulta ratio 
Cic. Rab. Post. 1,2: v. IMPRUDENCE. 

injunction: mandaium, impéra- 
tum: v. COMMAND, INSTRUCTION. 

injure: 1, ndceo, 2 (mostly gen. 
term: with dat.): to i. one’s neighbour 
Sor the sake of one’s own advantage, sui 
commodi causa n. alteri, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 
23: often as impers. pass.: (the rule) to 
i. NO one, ne cui noceatur, ib. I, 10, 31 
(in Vitr. noceor occurs as personal 
pass. ). 9. laedo, si, sum, 3 (to assuil, 
injure actively: with acc.): to hate one 
whom you have 7i.d, odisse quem laeseris, 
Tac. Agr. 42: Nep. 3, expr. by in- 
juria and a verb: to be id by any one, 
inj. accipere ab aliquo, Cic. Div. Verr. 
18, 60. v. INJURY. 4, obsum, zr. (to 
stand in the way of ; be prejudicial to: 
with dat.): to advance or i. any one’s 
cause. alicui adjumento esse, aut obesse, 
Auct. Her, 4, 23, 33: Cic. 5, vidlo, 
1 (to do violence to: with acc.): to rob 
or t. one’s neighbour, spoliare aut v. 
alterum, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21: cf. ib. § 26, 
qui alterum violat, ut ipse aliquid com- 
modi consequatur: v TO WRONG 6. 
offendo, di, sum, 3 (to come into colli- 
sion with ; hence, esp. of unintentional 
injury): toi. any one unintentionally, 
aliquem off. invitum, Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68. 
Phr.: that the state be not i.d in any 
way, ne quid respublica detrimenti ca- 
piat, Sall. Cat. 29. to i. the stomach (of 
food), infestare stomachum, Plin, 2%, 4, 
5,9 16. 

Le (part. adj.): qui injuriam 
accepit; quem laeseris: v. preced, art. 


injurer: qui injuriam facit: v. 
INJURY. 
injurious: 1, noxius (for which 


Sen. Ben. 7, 10, 1, has noxiosus): a dis- 
obedient and 7. citizen, nec obediens et 
n. civis, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, wit.: 7%. sea 
breezes, afflatus maris n., Plin. 17, 2, 4, 
§ 24. (For comp, and super. use magis, 
maxime noxius, rather than noxior, 
noxissimus.) Q, udcivus (not of per- 
sons): Phaedr,: Plin. 3, ndcens, 
otis (more freq. = guilty): things pes- 
tik.tial and %., pestilentia et n., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 47, 120. 4, inutilis, e (by li- 
totes): @ seditious and i. citizen, sedi- 
tiosus et in. civis, Cic. Off. 2,14, 49: Ov. 
Join: inutilis pestilensque [aqua], 
Sen. N. Q. 6, 27, 2. 5, damnosus (an 
emphatic word; causing serious loss 
and damage): %. lust, d. libido, Hor. Ep. 
2, 1, 107° Liv. 6, malus: v. NoxI- 
ous. 7 gravis, e (to the health): air 
i. to those who breathe it, aer haurienti- 
bus gr., Sen. N. Q. 6, 27, 2: v. UNWHOLE- 
SOME, 8, contrarius (unfavourable 
to: late): 7. to health, corporibus c., Sen. 
1. c.: Quint. 4, 2, 64. (N.B.—Not in- 
juriosus, which = acting unjustly, crim- 
inal, wrongful.) ‘To be i., nocere, ob- 
esse: v. TO INJURP (I. 4). 

injuriously: 1, Initiliter: Varr. 
Join: male et inutiliter, Auct. B. Alex. 
65. 9, malé: v. mL (ad».) a 
expr. by verb: to operate %., obesse, de- 
trimentum (detrimenti allquid) afferre, 
facere. Vv. TOINJURE; INJURY. 

injuriousness: initilitas; Cic. Inv. 
2, §2, 128. 

injury: |, Harm suffered: il 
détrimentum (loss, disadvantage): to 
do great %., magnum afferre d., Caes. 
B. C. 1, 82: 7. (loss) is sustained, da. ac- 
cipitur, Cic. Man. 6, 15: Vv Loss. OH. 
damnum (an emphatic word): v. Loss, 
DAMAGHh. 3. incommédum (incon- 
venience, disadvantage): tu sustain some 
t., aliquo affici inc., Cic. Off. 1, 7, fin. : 
Vv. DISADVANTAGE. 4, malum: v. 
EVIL (subs.). 5. fraus, dis, /. (an ar- 
chaic usage ; chiefly in particular phrr.) 
that has done me 7., id mihi f. tulit, Cic. 
Att. 7, 26 to tend to any one’s i. or in- 
crimination, esse alicui fraudi aut cri- 
mini, Cic. Mur. 35, 73: so far as may be 
without i. to the Roman people, quod 
fine f. populi R. fiat, Liv. 1, 24, med. 


AIO 


6. injiiria (late in this sense): 7. 
From heat, cold, hail, aestuum, frigorum, 
grandinum i. Plin. 13, 24, 47: so bites 
of serpents, etc., are called injuriae, ib. 
22, 7, 8 Just. I]. 4 bodily hurt: 

1, vulnus, éris, n.: Cels. 5, 26, 5. 

2. laesio  Milligan’s Celsus (med. 
t. t). Phr.: an external i., externus 
casus, Cels. 6,6, 39: in the case of exter- 
nal z., internal i. (disease), cum quid ex- 
trinsecus laesit, cum quid intra (aezrum) 
ipsum corruptum est, ib. 5, 26, 1: in 
the case of %. to the lungs, cui pulmo 
vulneratus est, Cels. ib. § 2. I. 
Wrong done: 1, injiiria: to do ani., 
inj. alicui facere, Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 713 in- 
ferre, id. Off. 1, 7, 24: to receive (submit 
to) an 7%., inj. accipere, Cic. Div. Verr. 
18, 60: to forgive an i., inj. condonare, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 20. 2, contimélia 
(with insult): v. AFFRONT, INSULT. 8, 
fraus, dis, 2) (as the result of deception 
or ignorance): cf. supr. 1.5. Guilty of 
t. (injustice) towards any one, injuriosus 
in aliquem, Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44. See also 
OFFENCE. 

injustice: 1, injustitia (as ethical 
t. t.): two kinds of 7., injustitiae duo 
genera, Cic. Off. 1, 7, 23. 2. expr. by 
neut. of adj.: fear of %., metus injusti, 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 114: in prose this usage 
should be limited to the partitive constr. 
(L. G. § 270, Obs.): to do no %., *nihil 
injusti, nihil iniqui in se admittere: v. 
UNJUST. 3. Iniquitas. v. UNFAIR- 
NEss. 4, injiiria (strictly, an act of 
z.; also in abstr. sense): extreme justice 
(is) extreme i., summum jus, summa i., 
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33: through the unfair- 
ness and %. of the Praetor, iniquitate et 
i. Praetoris, Cic. Quint. 2, 9: your acts 
of 7., tuae i., Cic. Par. 2, fin. 

ink: atramentum: pen and i., cala- 
mus et a., Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, b. Petr. 
full expr., atr. librarium, Plin. 27, 7, 28, 
§ 52, also scriptorium, Cels. 6, 4, extr.: 
which must be used where the context 
does not define: Indian 7., a. Indicum, 
Plin. 35, 6,25. Red, green ¢., liquor ru- 
ber, viridis, scribendo aptus, Kr.: the 
red tv. used in MSS. was minium (ver- 
milion). 

inkstand: atramentarium  scrip- 
toris: Vulg. Ezech. ix. 2. 

inkling: Phr.: to get ani. of any- 
thing, odore quodam suspicionis sen- 
tire, Cic. Clu. 27, 73: Vv. SUSPICION. 

inland: méditerraneus: in the 7. 
districts, in m. regionibus, Caes. B. G. 5, 
12. Neut. pl. used subs., the i. parts of 
Spain, mediterranea Hispaniae, Plin 
33. £2, 55, § 158. See also INTERIOR 
(subs.). 

inlay: inséro, ui, rtum, 3: to 7. 
marble with spots belonging to a dif- 
Serent species, maculas quae non sint in 
crustis inserere, Plin. 35, 1, 1: the ef- 
fect produced is denoted by variare, dis- 
tinguere, Plin. l. c. Jnlaid work, em- 
blema, Atis, m.: Lucil. in Cic. de Or. 3, 
43, 71, emblemate vermiculato (but the 
term was also applied to chased figures, 
made so as to be detached, cf. Cic. Verr. 
4, 22, 49); also vermiculata, orum ( pre- 
senting a winding, wormed aspect), Plin. 
35,1, 1° ef. Lucil. 1 c.: see also Mosaic. 
Cintestinum opus, Plin. 16, 42, 82, is 
cabinet-work.) 

inlayer: *qui vermiculatis, etc. ope- 
ram dat. v. preced. art. 

inlet: 1, accessus, aditus (in gen. 
sense). V. ACCESS, APPROACH. E 
aestuarium (of the sea): v. ESTUARY, 
FRITH. Phr. the sea forms many is, 
mare influere penitus atque ambire, 
Tac. Agr. 10, extr 

inly: pénitus v. INWARDLY. 

inmate: ], incéla. v rHasir- 
ANT. 2. déversor (at an inn; a 
lodger) : Cic. Inv 2, 4, 15. 





inmost: intimus, imus. v INNER- 
MOST. 
inn: 1, caupodna (esp. of an in- 


ferior kind): Cic. in Pis. 22, jin.: Hor. 
S.1, 5,51. Dimin. eauponula, Cic. Ph. 
25) 31, anit. 2, déversorium (any 
| place Jor lodging the night): an inn to 
lodge at, not a place to dwell in, com- 











INNOVATION 


morandi d., non habitandi locus, Cic, 
Sen. 23, 84: Vulg. Luc ii. 7: Suet. 
Also taberna deversoria, Pl. Men. 2, 3, 
86; and in same sense, deverticulum, 
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 7: Liv. 3, bospitium 
(any place where strangers are enter- 
tained): I quit life as an inn, not a 
home, ex vita ita discedo, tanquam ex 
h., non tanquam ex domo, Cic. Sen. 23, 
84 (cohorts) billeted on the 7.s (?), per 
hospitia dispersae, Suet. Tib. 37. 
innate: 1, innatus. an implanted, 
or rather t., love of knowledge, insita 
quaedam, vel potius innata scientiae cus 
piditas, Cic. Fin. 4,2, 4. Join. insitus 
atque innatus, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 106. In- 
nate ideas, *notiones menti innatae: v. 
foll. 2. insitus a natural and i. 
notion, naturalis atque ins. in animis 
nostris notio, Cic. Fin. 1, g, 31: 7. no- 
tions of the gods, insitae [vel potius in- 
natae ] deorum cognitiones, Cic. N. D. 1, 
17,44. 93, ingénératus (enbred: rare): 
Cic. Sext. 9, 21. See also NATURAL, 
Phr.: an %. idea of deity, deorum an- 
ticipatio quaedam, Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 43. 
innately: expr. by innatus, insitus: 
cf. L. G. § 343. See also NATURALLY, 
inner: intérior, us; v. INTERIOR. 
innermost: 1. intimus~ in the 
t. pait of the sanctuary, in eo sacrario 
intimo, Cic. Verr. 4, 45, 99: Pl. O) 
Imus (v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.): @ 
groan is heard from the t. part of the 
mound, gemitus imo auditur tumulo, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 39: cf. imo pectore, corde, 
Virg. (pass.). Phr.: they jill the i. 
recesses, penitus cavernas complent, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 19: the ti. recesses of a 
house, temple, penetralia, um, Virg. Aen. 
2, 297, etc. 
innkeeper: caupo, dnis, m.: Cic.: 
Hor, A female i., caupdna, Apul, 
Phr. to bean i., cauponiam s. caupo- 
nariam artem exercere, cf. Just. 1, 7. 
innocence: 1, imnécentia (the 
disposition of one who harms no one, 
Cic. ‘Tusc. 3, 8, 163; also in wider sense): 
V. INTEGRITY. 2. castitas (moral 
purity): v. CHASTITY, PURITY. Phr.. 
to prove one’s 7., se purgare, often with 
dat. of person to whom, Pl. Am. 3, 2, 28: 
Caes.: also, purgare crimina, Cic. Clu. 
I, 3: *reum insontem esse monstrare. 
innocent: |. Doing no harm: 
innoxius, inndcuus: v. HARMLESS, Ih 
Not guilty: 1, insons, ntis: to en- 
snare the i. as well as the guilty, ins. 
sicuti sontes circumvenire, Gall. Cat. 16: 
t. of (all) blame, ins. culpae, Liv. 22, 49, 


Jin. 2. innécens, ntis: to accuse an 


i. person, innocentem accusare, Cic. R. 
Am. 20, 56 with gen., inn. factorum, 
Tac. A. 4, 34: Flor. 3, imméritus 
(esp. with ref. to punishment actually 
endured). Hor. Od. 3, 6, 1: Virg.: 
Quint.: Vv. UNOFFENDING. In same 
sense, immérens, ntis Hor.: Suet. 

4, sanctus, castus Vv. PURE, CHASTE, 
UNBLEMISHED. 5, immunis, e: Hor, 
Od. 3, 23, 17. Yo pronounce i. (in 
court), absolvere Vv. TO ACQUIT. 

innocently: |. Blamelessly: 1, 
pure: a quietly and i. spent life, quiete 
et p. acta aetas, Cic. Sen. 5, 13. Join; 
pure et caste, Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 3. 2. 
sanct€é: v. BLAMELESSLY, 3. casté: 
V. CHASTELY, PURELY. I]. Uninten- 
tionally: impridens, impridenter: v 
INADVERTENTLY. 

innocuous: innécuus: v. HARMLESS 

innocuously: sine fraude: v. HARM- 
LESSLY. 

innovate: novo, 1 (trans., hence 
Tequiring acc.). an opportunity to i. 
novandi res occasio, Liv. 24, 23, med. ; 
so, omnia novare, id. 35, 34. (Inndvo, 
Pomp. Dig. 1, 2, 2, §47, is very rare.) 
See also TO CHANGE. 

innovation: 1, expr. by névo, 
innbvo (less freq.) to make many i.s, 
multa innovare, Pomp. Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47: 
ef. preced. art. 2. expr. by adj. nd- 
vus: this i. in judicial procedure, haec 
novi judicii nova forma, Cic. Mil. init. : 
what 7. ts this we are introducing in 
our judicial procedure, quem bhunc mo- 
Tem novorum judiciorum [in rempub- 


INNOVATOR 





licam] inducimus? Cic. Rab 4, 9: Sond 
of i.s, cupidus rerum novarum, Caes. 
B.G 1, 18 (but res novae usu. refers to 
political change, revolution). 
innovator: qui multa novat, no- 
vare instituit v, TO INNOVATE. 
innoxious; innoxius Vv. HARMLESS. 
innuendo: v. HINT. 
innumerable: 1. inniimérabilis, 
e: Cic.. Hor 2 inniimérus (poet. ): 
Virg.: Ov. Mart. 8. expr. by cir- 
cuml., quorum numerus iniri non possit. 
im>bservant : negligens, ntis: v. 
NEGLIGENT. 
inoculate : |. In gardening: 
1, indcilo, 1. to 7%. fig-trees, at 
ficorum i., Col. 11, 2: Pall. (Sept.). 
emplastro, 1: Col. 5, 11, med. Il. re 
medicine *variolas insero, 3 (Kr.)._ 
inoculation: |. In gardening 
1, indciilatio Col. 5, 11, ad init. 
2. emplastiatio- ef. Col. / ¢., quam 
vocant agricolue emplastrationem, vel 
ut quidam inoculationem. 3. insitio 
(gen. term): Cato R. R. 41. I}. In 
medicine: *insitio varivlarum (Kr ). 
inodorous;:: sine odore, Lucr. 2, 838 5 
ex quo nullus afflatur odos, c!. Cic. Sen. 
17, 59; Odore carens (RK. and A.). To 
be z., non olere, Plin. 21,7, 18 in kgypt 
the flowers are mostly i., in Aegypto 
minime odorati flores, Plin. l. c. (in- 
olens, Lucr. 2, 849 ; inodorus (flos}, Apul., 
better avoided.) 
inoffensive: innécens: 
LESS, INNOCENT. 
inoperative: nil valens: v. ErFEC- 
TIVE. 
inopportune: inopportinus: Cic, 
de Or. 3, 5,18. (Or expr. by opportunus 
with haud, minus, etc. v. OPPORTUNE.) 
inopportunely : parum in tempore , 
haud satis opportune; v. OPPORTUNELY. 
inordinate; imméddératus: v. iM- 
MODERATE, 
inordinately; immddératé: v m™- 
MODERATELY. 
inorganic: no exact expr.: Kr, re- 
fers to Cic. N. D. 2, 32, 82, glebam aut 
fragmentum lapidis, aut aliquid ejus- 
modi, nulla cohaerendi natura, i. e. 
having no natural unity. (Sometimes 
inorganicus may be necessary as scient. 
t. t.) 
inosculate: i.e. to be connected at 
certain points, *quasi articulis quibus- 
dam inter se coalescere (?). 
inquest; nearest word, quaestio ( ju- 
dicial inquiry): v. ENQuiry (lI.). 
Phr.: an i. was held on the body, 
*quaesitum est (ut fier: solet de subito 
mortuis) quae mortis causa fuisset, ete, 
inquire ; V. ENQUIRE, etc, 
Inquisition: |. (ffcial exami 
nation: ene inquisitio: v. ENQUIRY 
a |, The Spanish v.: inquisitio 
ide, see Coll. 1, 229: or, quaestio 
inter haereticos, Bau.; quaestio fidei, 
Pontan. (both in Kr). As a tribunal, 
*quaesitores inter haereticos. 
inquisitive: percontator (an 7. per- 
son): Hor Kp. 1, 18, 69° PL (N.B— 
The fem. form, percontatrix, does not 
occur, but is agreeable to analogy.) See 
also CURIOUS. 
inquisitively: ctiriosé; 
oculis: v CURIOUSLY. 
inquisitiveness; studium percon- 
tandi, verum reperiendi: v. cuRIOsITY. 
inguisitor; *quuesitor fidei, inter 
naereticos. 
inquisitorial: Phr.: ¢. tribunals, 
*judicia per quae plus quam decet de 
rebus privatis inquiri solet: they possess 
4. power, *his licet quibuscunque de re- 
bus inquisitionem instituere. 


Vv. HARM- 


curiosis 


inroad: 1, incursio (the usnal 
word) to make an i. into territories, 
inc. in fines facere, Liv 1, 11, init: 
Caes. 2. excursio (= incursio, from 


the opposite point of view): to defend 
one’s territories Jrom the 2.8 of enemies, 
fines suos ab ex. hostium tueri, Cic. 
Deiot. 8, 22. cf. SALLY. 3. irruptio 
(a sudden, violent i.; a Joy) make 
an i. on the cook-shop, in popinam ir. 
facite! Pl. Poen. prol. 42. Cic. Man. 5, 
15 (= incursio, supr.). Phr - to make 





INSCRIPTION 


an i., incurrere, e. g. in Macedoniam, 
Liv. 26, 25. Hor. S. 2, 1, 37. also excur- 
rere (in fines), Liv. 1, 15; and with 
slightly different sense, violare fines, 
Cues. B. G. 6, 32. 


insalubrious: insilibris, e: v. uN- 
HEALTHY. 
insane: 1, insanus- Cic. Ac. 2, 


17, 52 (where the corresponding verb is | 


furere, to be t.): ib. Tusc. 3, 5, 11: Hor. | 
S. 2, 3, pass.: freq. in fig. sense: 7. de- 
sure, ins. cupiditss, cupido, etc.: Vv. MAD. 


9. fiiriosus (stronger than insanus, 
which includes all degrees of insanity: 


this was the legal term, cf. Cic. Tusc. 3, | 


5, II, itaque non est scriptum, si IN- 
SANUS, SED SI FURIOSUS ESCIT): the sleep- 
ing. the drunken, the %., dormientes, vi- 
nolenti, furiosi (opp to sani), Cie. Ac. 
2, 27. 88: Hor S. 1, 3, 83. Aiso used 
fig., Cic.: Liv. Join: vecors, furiosus, | 


INSE 


NSIBLE 





c. (as pointing out and are 


something): a tablet with this 1., tabula 
cum i. hoc, Liv. 41, 28, med.: sey a 
bust, sub imagine, Tib. 4, 1, 30 (called 


titulus in v. 33)- most freu. used of the 
t.s or titles of books: v. TITLE. 4, 
elégium (esp. on a tombstone or a bust) : 
busts and 7.8, imagiues et e., Suet. Gal 


3, init.: for a votive offering, ~uet. 24, 
exztr.: V. EPITAPH, 5, épigramuea, 
itis, m. (strictly a Gk. word): a well 
known Greek i., Graecum e. pernobile, 


| Cic. Verr. 4, 57, 127: Nep. Paus. 1 (also 


| of a Greek inscr.). 


mente captus, Cic. in Pis. 20, 47. 8. | 


mente captus: Cic. Ac, 2, 17, 53: 
supr. (2). 4, vécors, rdis: 
insane, more vecordium, Just. 2, 7: but 


more freq. in fig. sense, Cic.: Liv. ef. | 
supr. (2). To bet, furo, 3 (Vv. supr. 1); | 
insanio, 4. Cic. Att. 7, 10: Hor. (in- | 


sanire ac furere, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, 39)° to 
pretend to be i., dementiam simulare, 
Just. 2, 7. See also FOOLISH, INFATU- 
ATED. 
insanely : insané (fig.): Pl. Cure. 1, 
3, 20: Hor, Sce also FOOLISHLY. 
insanity: 1, insania (in widest 
sense): Cic. Tusc. 3, 4, 8: Cels. More 
freq. tig.: v. MADNESS. Q, fiiror (rare 
in this sense): Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62. 3. 
démentia: Just. 2, 7: v. FOLLY, MAD- 
NESS, 
insatiable: 1, insatiabilis, e: 
Liv.; foll. by gen. of that which 
is : doalted ‘to have anv thirst for blood, 


sanguinis insatiabilem esse, Just. 1, 8, | 


eztr. Q, inexplébilis, e: an 1, stomach, 
inex, stomachus, Sen. Ep. 89, jim.: 7 


desire, inex. cupiditas, Cic. ‘usc. 5, 6, | 


16: rarely with object. gen., Sen. Cons. 
Helv. 15, 1. 3. insaturabilis, e (very 
rare): 7. maw, ins. abdomen, Cic. Sext. 
51, IIo. 4, less exactly, avidus: v. 
GREEDY, 5, inexhaustus: 7. eager- 
ness for reading, inex. aviditas legendi, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 7 (but the epithet is 
doubtful), 


insatiableness: expr. by adj.: v. 


preced. art. (insatiabilitas, Amm.) 
insatiably : : insatiabiliter (late): 
Plin. Ep. : ‘Tac. (Better expr. by cir- 


cumL, insatiabili_s. inexplebili cupidi- 
tate; summa aviditate: v. INSATIABLE.) 
inscribe: |. In gen. sense: 1, 


irscribo, psi, ptum, 3 (with acc., and in | 


and abl.): to t. anything on a pedestal, 
aliquid in basi ins., Cic. in Pis. 38, 92: 
instead of in and abl., the dat. occurs, 
Cio (?) Harusp. 27, 58. inscribere nomen 
monumentis, but should be avoided in 
prose. Inscribo also occurs trans.: to 
erect statues and v. them (furnish them 
with an inscription), statuas ponere at- 
que ins., Cic. Verr, 2, 2, 69, 167. 2. 
adscribo (asc.), 3} (not in Cic., who uses 
the word ot writing something addi- 
tional, ct Agr. 2, 20, init., non credo 
adscripturum esse Magno, would add 
the title “Great:” with acc. and dat.): 
to i. the name of Praxiteles ona marble, 
marmori ads. Praxitelem, Phaedr. 5, 
prol. 6: Suet. Aug. 12, extr. 3. in- 
sculpo, psi, ptum, 3 (by carving: with 
acc., and in and abl.; also dat): vy. To 
GRAVE. 4. incido, di, sum, 3, like 
preced.; but found also with in and 
acc.: leges in aes incisae, Liv. 3, 57, 
extr. ||, Mathematically: inscribo, 
3: toin.a triangle in a circle, triangu- 
lum in circulo ins, 

inscription: 1, inscriptio (gen 
term): t. on a tombstone, i. monumenti, 
Plin. 29,1,5, $11 M.L. (Cic. uses the 
word of the title of a bouvk, e. g de 
officiis, Att. 16, 11, 2.) 2, tittlus (on 
monuments, busts, etc.): a long i. re- 
specting his exploits, ingens ab se ges 
tarum t., Liv. 28, 46, extr.: ts and 
busts, tituli et imagines, Hor. S. 1, 6, 
1): Ov.: Vv. EPITAPH. 8. index, icis, 





To add an i. 
etc.: Vv. Tu 


in- 
scribere, insculpere, IN- 
SCRIBE. 

inscrutability; nearest word, ob- 
sciiritas Vv. OBSCURITY 

inscrutable : 1. imperspicuus 
(rare). applied by Plin. jun. to the hu- 
mours of a bench of jurors and the 
weather, Ep. 1, 2°, 17 2. investiga- 


cf. | bilis, e (also rare, and late) Vulg. Rom. 
like the 


xi. 33° Tert. (non investigabilis, Lact. 
3, 27). Phr.: his meaning vas more 
t. than ever, verba (ejus) in incertum et 
ambiguum magis imp:icabantur, Tac. A. 


I, 11° cf. ib. ante, suspensa semper et 
obscura verba: see also INCOMPREHEN- 
SIBLE. 


inscrutably; *ita ut (res) intelligi, 
animo perspici non possit ; Vv. TO UNDER- 


STAND. 
insect ; 1, insectnm: only as 
scient. ¢. ¢, and in pl. (Gr. évroua): 


Plin. 11, 1, 1, sqq- 2, bestidla (any 
small creature): 1.8 which live but a 
day, b. quae unum diem vivunt, Cic. 


‘Tuse. I, 39, 94. 
insecure: 1. expr. by titus, ma- 
nitus, firmus, and negative particle 


(haud, parum, etc.). v. SECURE. Zz 
intitus: to strengthen the i. purts of the 
walls, intuta moenium firmare, Tac. H. 


3, 76. (Not in Cic.; and in Liv. = un- 
defended.) 8. male fidus, or as one 
word (poet.): an % anchorage, statio 


male f., Virg. Aen. 2, 23. 4. infestus 
(beset by rubbers, pirates, etc.): opp. to 


| tutus, Liv. 2, 49, sua (uta omnia, tn- 


Jesta hostium (unsafe because of in- 
roads)? V, UNSAFE, INFESTED. P hr. - 
(their) footing being i. on the incline, in 
prono pede se fullente, Liv. 21, 36; 
*quum non possent vestigio pedibus 
firmiter insistere. 

insecurely: parum tute, etc.; v. 
SECURELY. 

insecurity: expr. by adj.: i. of tra- 
velling, intesta itinera, cf. INSECURE (4): 
he pointed out the i. of the position, *do- 
cuit quam [ab hostibus] male tutus lo- 
cus esset: (here was a general sense of 
t. (lit. mistrust), neque loco neque ho- 
mini cuiquam satis credere, Sall. Cat. 
31. 

insensate: démens, insanus, ete. : 
Vv. INFATUATED, INSANE. Sometimes 
caecus may serve, cf. Lucr. 2, 14, O pec- 
tora caeca! 

insensibility: |, Bodily: (?) tor- 
por (numbness): Plin. 2, 101, 104. Cels, 
Phr.: to be in a state of i., “omni sensu 
carere (V. SENSATION) the boty sinks 
into a state of %. (in old age). hebescunt 
sensus, membra torpent, Plin. 7, 50, §1. 

[| Mental; apathy, lack of feeling - 

lentitudo (ejus “qui irascl nesciat,” Cic. 
Tusc. 41, 9, 43): V. INDIFFERENCE, 
Phr.: to briny on 1. to pain, quasi cal- 
lum quoddam obducere dolori, Cic. Fuse. 
2, 15, extr.: that is t. to grief, not forti- 
tude, *id est durum ac ferreum, non 
fortem esse: v, foll art 

insensible: |. 7 bodily affec- 
tions: (?) torpidus (strictly, benumbed): 
Aus. Id. 10, 264. So, to become 1., tor- 
pescere (Vv. BENUMBED); obtorpescere, 
Plin. 9, 42, 67. to be quite 2., omni sensu 


carere; Vv. SENSATION, I]. To emo- 
tion : ], lentus’ v. INDIFPERENT. 
2. dirus: ci. Cic. Am 13, 48, ne- 


que enim sunt audiendi, qui virtutem 

duram et quasi Jerream quandam ess¢ 

volunt. Phr.: tf one bet. (to pleasure 

and pain), motu animi sublato, Cic 

Am. 1. c.: to become 1. to anything, ob- 

durescere ad aliquid, Cic. (v. TO HARDEN 
411 


INSENSIBLY 





B.); obtorpescere (absol.), Liv. 32, 20: 
poet. in Cic. Tusc. 3, 28. 
insensibly* i. e. imperceptibly: sine 
sensu, sensim: cf. Cic. Sen. 11, extr.: Vv. 
GRADUALLY, IMPERCEPTIBLY. 
inseparable: 1, insépirabilis, e 
(late): Sen. Gell. 9, individuus 
(strictly, indivisible, q. v.): who fol- 
him to Rhodes and at Capreae 
were t. (from him), Rhodum secuti, et 
apud Capreas i., Tac. A.6, 10. (N.B— 
Usu. better expr. by separari s. sejungi 
Non posse; Vv. TO SEPARATE.) 
inseparably : ita ut (res) separari 
non possint; v. TO SEPARATE, 
insert: 1, inséro, ui, rtum, 3 (to 
put in: with ace., and dat. or in and 
acc.): (the stork) t.ing her beak in the 
flagon, lagonae rostrum iuserens, Phaedr. 
I, 26, 8: Cic.: v. ro pur ry. In later 
writers, esp. of introducing in a literary 
work: to t. speeches in an (historical) 
work, conciones operi suo ins., Just. 38, 
3, extr.: Vell.: Suet. 9. inclido, si, 
sum, 3 (with acc., and usu. in and abl. 
or acc.): Phidias i'd his own likeness 
in the shield of Minerva, P. sui similem 
speciem inclusit in clipeo Minervae, Cie. 
Tuse. 1, 15, 34: the clause which is v.’d 
in legal formulae, quod in Ictorum in- 
cluditur formulis, Cic. Br. 79, 275: I 
have almost i.’d an oration in a letter, 
paene orationem in epistolam inclusi, 
Cic. Att. 1, 16, 5: v. TO INCLOSE. os 
adscribo (asc.), psi, ptum, 3 (to add to 
what has been written: with acc., and 
in and acc. or abl.): to%. anything in a 
law, aliquid in legem a., Cic. Caec. 33, 
init.: to t. a date in a letter, diem in 
literis a., Cie. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3. 4. inter- 
Jicio, jeci, jectum, 3 (to introduce be- 
tween: with acc., and dag. or inter): v. 
TO INTRODUCE. See also TO FASTEN IN, 
PLACE IN. 
insertion: expr. by verb: Livy has 
embellished his history by the i. 
speeches, *contiones inserendo (contioni- 
bus insertis) Livius historilam suam 
ornare instituit: v. TO INsERT. (Inter- 
jectio [verborum], Auct. Her. 6, 10: v. 
TO INSERT, 4.) 
inside (subs.): quod est intus, Plin. 
8, 29, 41; intérior pars, intériora; v. 
INTERIOR. 
inside (adv.): intrinsécus: v. WITHIN. 
inside of (prep.): intra: v. wiruin. 
insidious: 1. insididsus (cunning, 
treacherous) : t. clemency, ins. clementia, 
Cic. Att. 9, 16: Ov.: Plin. 9. sub- 
délus (crafty, ar tful) : Tac.: Ov. (Cic. 
has adv., subdole.) Phr.: the 7. effect 
of a studied speech, compositae orationis 
insidiae, Cic. Or. 61, extr. 
insidiously: 1. insidiosé (with 
treacherous intent) : Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 
33- 2. per insidias, ex insidiis: ef. 
Cic. Or. 12, 38, where the latter is opp. 
to aperte ac palam: v. preced. art. extr. 
3. subdéle (artfully, craftily) : Cic. 
insidiousness: 1, (?) blanditiae, 
blandimenta (of that which appeals flat- 
teringly and temptingly to the mind). 
ef. Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 33, blanditiis prae- 
sentium voluptatum :; v, BLANDISHMENT. 
More precisely, *blanditiarum s. blandi- 
mentorum insidiae: v infr. Q, (?)in- 
sidiae, arum: cf. Cie. Or. 51, 170, nimis 
insidiarum ad capiendas aures adhiberi 
videtur. 
insight: cognitio (gen. term): v. 
KNOWLEDGE. Puhr.: to get a thorough 
t. into a thing, rem penitus ingenio 
cernere, Cic. de Or 3, 31,124 to have 
a profound 7%. into human character, 
*mores hominum atque ingenia penitus 
perspecta habere. 
ins'gnia: 1. insignia, ium: regal 
#., ins. regia, Cic. Sext. 26, fin.: Liv. 
2, fasces, sécires (of consular 
power): cf. Hor Ep. 1, 16, 34, detulerit 
fasces indigno ib. Od. 3, 2, 9 
insignificance. exiguitas . Cic. Fin. 
4, 12,29. (Mediocritas, in Vell. 2, 130, 
mediocritas hominum, may perh. be 
rendered, the i of man, i.e. compared 


with the gods, but the expr. 18 less 
strong than the Eng.) : 
insignificant: 1, parvas (vaide 


412 


of 


| apertum, etc.: 





INSIPID 


INSOMUCH 





parvus, Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 29) 5 3 exiguus 
(very small: superl. exiguissimus, Plin. 
Ep. 9, 24, 7): V. SMALL, TRIFLING. 2.) 
nulliusmomenti: vy UNIMPORTANT. 3. 
nullus in these so trifling, so 1. things, 
in his tam parvis atque tam nullis, Plin. 
II, 2, 2 how %., quam nullae (vires), 
Just. 2, 12, med. 4. miniitus (exceed- 
ingly small) : 7. engagements, m. proelia, 
Auct. B. Afr. 29. the t. commonalty 
(opp. to the great), m. plebes, Phaedr. 4, 
6,extr. Dimin. minutulus: Macr. 5, 
ténuis, e: the 7. remains of a great city, 
magnae urbis t. vestigium, Plin. 3, 4, 5: 
V. SLIGHT. Phr.: to appear t. (by the 
side of what is greater, obscurari atque 


obrui, Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 29). 
1, blandus (soft- 


insincere : 
spoken, flattering) : opp. to verus (ami- 
cus); Cie. Am. 25,95: but also used in 
good. sense. 2. ficdsus, ficatus (lit. 
coloured with paint : hence, showy with- 
out, but hollow): showy and i. friend- 
ships, ambitiosae et fucosae amicitiae, 
Cic. Att. 1, 18, init. Join: subdolus 
ac fucatus, Plin.: v. FALSE (II.) RY 
infidus (not to be trusted): v. UNFAITH- 
FUL. 4. simulatus. v. PRETENDED, 
5, expr. by sincérus and a nega- 

tive: v. SINCERE, 

insincerely : 1, simmlaté: Cic. 
N. D. 2, 67, extr. Join: ficte et simu- 
late;.(Cic; (Q) hrsan, )1,4 4. OH ade 
(feignedly) : Cic. Fam. 3, 12, extr.: ef. 
supr. (1). 3, haud s, parum Ae: 
Vv. SINCERELY. 

insincerity : 
the mind) ingenium parum sincerum, 
Vv. SINCERE. 2. fraus, 
fallacia (as seen in deed and word): v 
DECEIT. 3. expr. by neut. of adj.: 
let there be no falsehood, no %., *ne quid 
falsi sit, ne quid simulati: cf. L. G. 
§ 270, Obs. 4, similatio: v. PRE- 
TENCE, HYPOCRISY. Phr.: without any 
i., sine fuco et fallaciis, Cic. Att. 1, 1, 
init. 

insinuate: ]. As verb refl., to 7. 
oneself, creep in + 1, insinuo, 1 (with 
pron. refl.): to i. oneself into any one’s 
intimacy, se alicujus in familiaritatem 
ins., Cic. Caec. 5, init.; in alicujus con- 
suetudinem ins., Cic. Fam. 4, 13, fin.: Liv. 
Also in lit. sense. Q, arrépo, psi, 3 (to 
creep in): to t, oneself into any one’s 


friendship gradually, sensim [atque 


moderate] ad alicujus amicitiam ar., Cic. 
Verr. 3, 68, 158: so, animo alicujus 
arrepere, Tac. ‘A> 935 50; exéz;. 2 
irrépo, psi, 3: used by Tac. absol., cf. 
A. 13, 12, penitus irrepserat, per luxum, 
etc. ||, Zo infuse gradually : instillo, 
I (lit. to pour in drop by drop): v. To 
INSTILL. II]. Zo wse insinuation : 
operte significo: v. TO HINT. 
insinuating (a4dj.): blandus (smooth- 
spoken) : most i. speech, blandissima ora- 
tio, Petr. 126: pleasure, most i. mistress, 
voluptates blandissimae dominae, Cic. 


Off. 2, 10, 37: %. address, *b. quaedam 
Suavitas morum: see alsO PERSUASIVE. 
Phr.: wnder the t. influence of vice, 


blandientibus vitiis, Tac. Agr. 16. 
insinuatingly : 1, blandé (cf. 
adj.): Ter.: Cic. Q. expr. by blandior, 
4 (to speak or behave %.): she thus i. 
addressed her uncle, sic patruo blandita 
suo est, Ov. Met. 4, 532: more fully, 
suaviter bl, Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 139 3. 
per blanditias: cf. Suet. Ner. 34, fin. 
insinuation: nearest aa signi- 
ficatio. cf. Auct. Her. 4, 54, where the 
term is thus explained, quum res. 
dicuntur ex quibus tota res relinquitur 
in suspicione; ...quum ex eo quod dix- 
imus satis relinquitur suspicionis (i. e. 
when the sentence conveying the insinu- 
ation ts only half uttered); ..,nibil 
amplius dicimus, sed significamus quid 
sentiamus, etc. Phr.: to indulge in 
2.8, *nihil aperte dicere; ambiguas serere 
voces et dissimulando [tecte} criminari 
(ef. Virg. Aen. 2, 985 Cic. Mil. 5, 12) ; 
oblique perstringere aliquem (R.and A.). 
insipid: _[. Lit.: 1, expr. by 
sapio, ivi and li, 3: (even) the turbot 
and the venison are i., nil rhombus, nil 
dama sapit, Juv 11, 121. 2. expr. by 


1, (as character of | 





sapidus, suavis, and a negative. ¢. meat 
*caro parum (minime) sapida s, suavis . 
Vv SAVOURY, NICE. 3. insulsus (lit, 
umsalted : oftener in fig. sense) 1. food, 
ins. cibus, Hier.: cf. Cic. Att. 13, 31, ins, 
gula, i.e. a taste for insipid things: 
Col. 4, Glitus (washed out. hence 
tasteless) : nothing more 7. than watered 
green-stuff, nil elutius horto irriguo, 
Hor. S. 2, 4, 16. 5, insipidus (late 
and rare). Firm. 6. gustu hébes, 
étis. Col. 3, 2, post med. Phr. 12, 
fare, voluptate carentes cibi, Plin. Ep. 
1, 8,12. ff, Fig. of that which lacks 
interest and point. 1. frigidus v 
FLAT (II.) Join. tam frigidus, tam 
jejunus, Cic. Caec. 21,61. 2, insulsus 
Vv. DULL (VI). 3, nullum habens 
succum neque sanguinem, R. and A. 
(based on Cic. Br. 9, 36). 
insipidity : |. Lit.: expr. by 
nullus sapor, nil sapere, etc. v, FLA- 
VOUR; INSIPID. I]. Fig.: lack of in 
terest : insulsitas: Cic. Att. 13, 29. 
insipidly; Fig.: 1, frigidé 
Join: inepte et frigide, Gell. 2 
insulsé: Cic. Att. 15, 4, tnit.; Gell. 
3. inepté: v. FOOLISHLY. 
insist: |, insto, stiti, 1 (to wrge or 
press a matter): he 7.s that it is a fact, 
ille i, factum, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 120 when 
a claim is expr., may be foll. by inf., 
flagitare, poscere, ete., cf. Cic. Verr. 3, 
59, fin., but insto does not imply a et 
to make such a claim, like the Eng. : 
TO URGE. 2. flagito, 1 (to aanceia 
urgently): I always %.’d upon it, that 
we Should be convened, semper flagitavi 
ut convocaremur, Cic. Ph. 5, rz, 30: cf. 
id. Pl. 19, 48, etiam atque etiam insto 
atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo 
flagito crimen. v. TO DEMAND. 
insnare: V. ENSNARE. 
insolence: _ 1, contiimacia (offen- 
stve haughtiness) : %. and presumption, 
c., arrogantia, Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 44 1. 
expressed in the features, c. in vultu, 
Liv. 2, 61, med.: blunt %., abrupta c. 
(opp. to deforme obsequium), Tac. A. 
4, 20. Join: insolentia, contumacia, 
superbia; contumacia et ferocitas, Cic. 
2. insdlentia (overbearing beha- 
viour ; esp. as resulting from success : 
cf. Sall. Jug. 40, extr., plebem ex se- 
cundis rebus ins. ceperat): Join: inso- 
lentia, superbia, contumacia, Cic. Verr. 
4, 41, 89; crudelitas et insolentia, Caes. 
LER OE 1 Ye 3. audacia (daring, ef- 
JSrontery); Join: impudentia atque 
audacia, Cic. FI. 15, 35. 4, superbia, 
arrogantia ; V. ARROGANCE, HAUGHTI- 
NESS, PRESUMPTION, 5, imptidentia : 
Vv. IMPUDENCE. 
insolent: 1, contiimax (offen- 
sively haughty): .%., arrogant, careless, 
c., arrogans, securus, Quint. 6, I, 14; %. 
towards any one, c. in aliquem, Cic. Att. 
15, 15: overbearing and 1. towards the 
commons, violentus atque c. adversus 
plebem, Suet. Tib. 2 (de Claudia gente). 
Join: contumax, inhumanus, superbus, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 78, ad fin. 2. insdlens, 
ntis: Vv. OVERBEARING, 3, siiperbus: 
Vv. HAUGHTY. Jo become i., insolescere, 
Sall. Cat. 6, extr. 
insolently: 1, contiimaciter - Cic. : 
Liv. 2, insolenter (overbearingly: cf. 
INSOLENCE): to exult 7., ins. se efferre 
(be unduly elated), Cic. Tuse, 4, 17, 39- 
3. impidenter: v. IMPUDENTLY. 
Phr.: to behave oneself i., superbi& 
efferre sese, Sall. Jug. 14, med 
insoluble: |. Not to be melted: 
expr. by liquefieri, resolvi non posse: 
v. TO MELT, |]. Not to be solved or 
explained: Phr.: ant, problem, *quaes- 
tio s. problema cujus nulla est solutio - 
Vv. SOLUTION. 
insolvency: + Phr.: to beina state 
7, non solvendo esse, Cic. Off. 2, 22, 
one solvendo aere alieno non esse, Liv. 
31, 13: see alsO BANKRUPTCY. 
insolvent: qui non est solvendo; 
v. preced. art.; also BANKRUPT. Phr.: 
to declare oneself i., bonam copiam 
ae Cic. Fam, 9, 16, ad jin. (used 
&. 
insomuch: %deo ut; v. 50 THAT. 


—_—- 


INSPECT 


ee ee ee Se 


inspect: 1. inspicio, spexi, ctum, 
3 (to Wook carefully at) : to t. the viscera 
(for auspices), exta ins., Cic. Div 2, 13, 
32. to i. a soldier's arms, arma militis 
ins., Cic. Caec. 21, 61 to %. accounts, 


rationes ins., Plin. Ep. 10, 54 (57). _ 2. | 


aspicio, 3 (less freq.: in same sense) 0 
t. the marvellous work, ut aspicerent 
opus admirabile, Ov. M.6,14 the senate 
sent Appius Claudius to i, and arrange 
those mutters, Ap. Claudium ad eas res 
aspiciendas componendasque senatus 
misit, Liv. 42, 5, med. 8. introspicio, 
3 (with in and acc. or acc. BEMeNs au 
carefully every part of the state, intro- 
spicite in omnes reip. partes, Cic. Font. 
15, 33. See also TO EXAMINE, REVIEW 
Phr.. toi. the viscera, exta spectare, 
Curt. 7, 7, ad init. (ct. supr_ 1): to %. 
the Sibylline books, libros (sc. Sibyllinos) 
adire, Liv 34, 55. 

inspection: |, Zhe uct of looking 
at: inspectio: Col. Quint. (Usu. better 
expr. by verb Vv. TO INSPECT.) ll. 
Oversight, superintendence : nearest word, 
ciira’ v. CHARGE (IV.). 

inspector: curator (one who has the 
charge and responsibility of): %. of the 
corn-market, of the high-ways, etc., ©. 
annonae, Vet. Lex in Cic. Leg. 3, 3,73 
viae Flaminiae, Cic. Att. 1, 1,2. See also 
OVERSEER. 

inspectorship: ctira Vv CHARGE 

V.). 

insphere: in sphaera (-am) includo - 
Vv. TO ENCLOSE. 

inspiration: |. Of breath: spi- 
ritus qui hauritur, ducitur: v_ BREATH. 
To make an %., inspirare: v. TO BREATHE. 

I]. Divine prompting: 1, afflatus, 

iis (rare except in abl.): no great man 


without some divine t., hemo vir magnus | 


sine aliquo divino af., Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 
167. Join instinctu divinoque afflatu, 
Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34. 9, inflatus, us 
(like preced.): Join instinctu inflatu- 
que divino, Cic. Div. 1, 6, 12. 8, in- 
stinctus, tis (divine impulse or instiga- 
tion): Cic. (v supr. 1): Lact. 4. 
inflammatio animi [et quidam affiatus 
quasi furoris}, i. e. poetic excitement and 
4.; Cio. de Or. 2, 46, extr 5, inspi- 
ratio (late) literary 7., insp. litteraria, 
Sidon. Eccl. Scrr. (N.B.—Only to be 
used as theol. t.t.) Phr. to prophesy 
under the influence of supernatural %., 
divino spiritu instinctum canere, Liv. 5. 
13: by 2., not of my own impulse, divi- 
nitus, non mea sponte, Cic. Sull. 15, 43: 
given by i, of God, (scriptura) divinitus 
inspirata, Vulg. II. Tim. iii. 16. 
inspire: |. Yo inbreathe super- 
natural knowledge : 1, afflo, 1 Gn 
this sense, occurring only im pass.) : to be, 
as it were, divinely i.d, i excitari et] quasi 
divino quodam spiritu afflari, Cic. Arch. 
8,18: Virg. 2, instinguo, nxi, nctum, 
3 (to impel internally): only in p. part. 
pass.. divinely i.d, divino spiritu in- 
stinctus. Liv. 5, 13; sacro instincta 
{mens} furore, Lucan, 5, 150. Fig.: i.d 
by these words, instincti {milites} bis 
vocibus, Liv.g, 40. 3. incito, 1 (rare 
in this sense) the power of the earth i.d 
the Pythoness, terrae vis Pythiam inci- 
tabat, Cic. Div 1, 36,79 cf. id. Ac. 2, 
5 14, exclaumant quasi mente incitati 
(as though beside themselves). 4, in- 
spiro, 1 (ite) z.d persons, qui inspirari 


solent, Just. 43, 1 Vulg. cel. Scrr. 
|]. Zo impart. 1, injicio, jéci, 


jectum, 3 (to put into a person with 
acc. and dat.): to i. any one with fear, 
alicui formidinem inj, Cic. Verr. 3, 28, 
68; with the intention to dare, alicui 
mentem inj. ut audeat, Cic. Mil. 31, 84. 
Liv.: Nep. 2. addo, didi, ditum, 3 
same constr. esp. with ref. to such 
eelings as courage, daring, etc.): to t. 
any one with courage, animos alicui a., 
Cic. Att. 4, 2,4; with valour, virtutem 
a., Sall. Cat. 58, init., with fear, formi- 
dinem a., Sall. Jug. 37 (a less usu. expr.). 
3 afféro, 3, tr. (like preced.); Cic. 
Verr. 5, 25, 63, etc. Quint. Plin. 4, 
incutio, ssi, ssum, 3 (with ref. to any 
sudden emotion: same constr. as pre- 
ced., but less freq.): to %. any ong with 


LN SANE 


great fear, alicui magnum metum inc., 
Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 4,1: fear is ia by 
danger, timor incutitur ex periculis, 
Cic. de Or. 251, extr. 5, impleo, com- 
| pleo, 2 v. To FiLx (IIL). 

inspired (part. adj.): afflatus, in- 
stinctus (only of persons): inspiratus 
(Vulg.). v. To msspire(I.). Sometimes 
furens, furibundus, may serve, as the 
so-called inspiration of paganism was 
frenzied. cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 100, ea frena 
furenti concutit Apollo, i.e. on the in- 
spired Sibyl: cf. also Cic. Div 1, 2, 4. 

inspirer* expr. by verb 
SPIRE. 

inspirit: expr. by phr., animum 
alicui addere, augere etc.: Vv TO ENCOU- 
RAGE. 

inspiriting (a4j.): sometimes laetus 
may serve: Vv, ENCOURAGING (adj.). 

instability; instibilitas (late and 
rare) Plin.- Arn. (Usu. better expr. 
by instabilis, inconstans, mutabilis. v. 
UNSTABLE.) 

install: inaugiiro, 1 (strictly, with 
augural formalities): to i. any one as 
fiamen, aliquem flaminem i., Liv.: v. 
TO INAUGURATE. 

installation: expr. by inauguro, 
I V TO INAUGURATE. 

instalment. |. Installation: q.v. 

||. 4 payment in part 1, pensio 

to pay 300 talents in six annual is, 
trecenta talenta per annos sex p. aequis 
dare, Liv. 38, 9, med.: the first%., prima 
p., Cic. Fam. 6, 18, fin. 2. portio (a 





yearly is, ut id quod superesset tri- 
ennio tribus p. persolveretur, Liv, 6, 
35, med. 
instance (subs.) : 1. Urgency, 
solicitation : expr. by auctor. at the 7. 
of many persons belonging to the state, 
multis ex civitate auctoribus, Caes. B.G. 
5, 25: Cic. Il, An example: exem- 
| plum: v, EXAMPLE. Esp. in phr., for 
instance: (1). verbi causa or gratia: if 
a person, for %., were born at the rise of 
the Dog-star, si quis, verbi causa, oriente 
Canicula natus est. Cic. Fat. 6, 12: so, 
verbi gratia, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30. (2). ex- 
empli causa (to introduce an illustration, 
esp. When the same is related in full ; 
whereas verbi causa is used when av 
instance is glanced at in passing): cf. 
Cic. Mur. 12, fin., quia, in alicujus libris, 
exempli causa, id nomen invenerant, 
putarunt omnes mulieres, etc.: Plin. 2, 
17,15 $77. 3, velit, véliiti (as, for 
| instance); cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 95, nun- 
| quam tam male est Siculis quin aliquid 
facete et commode dicant, veluti in hac 
re aiebant, i.e. as, for instance, in the 
present case, they sord.,.: also Quint. 2, 
21, 8, aliae quoque artes minores habent 
multiplicem materiam, veluti architec- 
tonice, i.e. as, for instance, architecture. 
4. perh.nam ef. Virg. G. 1,451, nam 
saepe videmus..., i. e. for instance, we 
often see.,.: cf. also Sall. Jug. 4, med., 
Nam saepe audivi..., i. e. for instance, 
T have often heard ; also ib. 10, ad intt., 
Nam, ut alia magna et egregia tua omit- 
tam, i.e. for instance, to say nothing 
of your other great and distinguished 
eats. In a similar way is used also 
énim, only second in its clause: cf. Pl. 
Poen. 4, 2, 32, Sy. Si futurum est, do 
tibi operam hanc. Mi. Quo modo? Sy. 
Ut enim, ubi mihi vapulandum est, tute 
corium sufferas, “ For instance, that when 
Tam to be flogged, you may supply the 
hide.”’ 
instance (v.): mémiro, référo, ete. : 
I could i. places in which .., possem 
memorare quibus in locis.,., Sull. Cat. 
7, exti.: VY TO MENTION. 
instant (adj.): |. Urgent: in- 
tentus, impensus V. EARNEST, URGENT. 
I]. Jmminent: praesens, ntis- to 
threaten i. death, pr. intentare mortem, 
Virg. Aen. I, 91° %. execution, pr. sup- 
plicium, ‘ac. A. 1, 38 Cic. (pr poena). 
Or expr. by advv, statim, actitum, etc. . 
I believe the consequence would be i. 
death, ego mortem actutum futuram 
puto, Cic. Ph. 12, 11, 26: v. DIME- 
DIATELY. 





Vv. TO IN- | 


portion): the balance ta be paid in three | 


INSTIGATOR 








instant (svbs.): mdmentum (tem. 
| poris, horae): usu. in abl.: v. MOMENT. 
instantaneous: queod momento 
temporis fit. v. INSTANTANEOUSLY. 
instantaneously: continuo (cf. Cie, 
R. Com. 6, 17, ignis in aquam conjectus 
continuo exstiuguitur); momento tem- 
poris s. horae, statim . v. MMTEDIATELY. 
: instantly : |. Urgently: intenté, 
impensé: Vv. EARNESTLY. ||, Al once: 
statim, actitum, momento temporis s, 
horae. Vv. IMMEDIATELY 
instate: v. TO INSTALL. 
instead of: |. Before a subs.: 
1, pro (with abl.: also, on behalf 
of): to be put to death 7. of any one, pro 
aliquo necari, Cic. Am. 7, 24 when 
another word is used 1. of the proper 
one, in quibus pro verbo -roprio subjici- 
tur aliquid. Cic. Or. 27, 92: ‘ler. Hor. 
Q, loco abl. of locus—=in the room 
of implying that one thing represents 
and counts for another, rather than is 
substituted for it: cf. Ter. Andr. 1, 5. 
57, si te in germani fratris dilexi loco, 
i.e. in the room of): V. BOOM. 3. 
vice (with gen.: late) bitumen being 
used v1. of mortar, arenae vice bitumine 
interstrato, Just. 1,2- Plin. ||, Before 
|a verbal clause, in Eng. expr. by the 
gerund 1, expr. by quum possit 
| a where past time is denoted), 
oll. by inf (implying that the alterna- 
tive excluded might more naturally be 
expected): i. of being led to execution, 
he was loaded with praise, quum posset 
ad mortem duci, omni laude cumulatus 
est (R. and A.) 7%. of enriching him- 
self he remained poor, fuit perpetuo 
pauper, quum ditissimus esse pusset, 
Nep. Phoc. 1. . @xpr. in same 
manner by débeo (implying that a per- 
sonhas done something else instead of 
his duty): %. of thanking me (as he 
ought), he abused me, quum gratias mibi 
agere deberet, mihi maledicebat (Kr.). 
3, expr. by tantum abest ut...ut 
(implying that the excluded alternative 
is very far from being the fact): %. of 
being praised, ... philosophy is ts most 
neglected and censured, philosophia tau- 
tum abest ut...laudetur, ut a plerisque 
neglecta vituperetur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6. 
So, adeo non,..ut: cf. Liv. 3, 2, med., 
haec dicta adeo non moverunt quen- 
quam, ut legati prope violati sint, i. e. 
instead of the audience being influenced, 
they, etc. 4, migis...quam: to ex 
asperate, t. of intimidating, incendere 
magis quam terrere (Georg.). 
instep: *pedis pars superior atque 
arcuata. (Appy. no word known.) 
instigate: 1, instigo, 1 (as it 
were, to goad on): they t.d the Romans 
against Hannibal, Romanos in Hanni- 
balem instigabant, Liv. 33, 47, med.: 
Cic. 2, exicuo, i, itum, 3 (to whet 
the feelings : more freq. in good sense) : 
v. TO Excite (L,, 6). 3, sollicito, 1 
(to stir up and provoke: always in bad 
sense). i.d by bribes from the Arverni, 
sollicitatus ab Arvernis pecunia, Caes, 
B. G. 4, 37. to i. slaves to insurrection, 
servitia s., Sall. Cat. 24, ertr. The end 
to which, expr. by ad, ut, and poet. by 
inf. 4. stimulo, 1 (like instigo, but 
usu. in good sense): v. TO GoaD (IL); 
STIMULATE. 5, incito, 1. V. TO INCITE, 
instigation: _1. expr. by verb: 
at your i., te instigante, Cic. in Pis. 11, 
26 (the same sense might be expr., less 
forcibly, te auctore, cf. Cic. l.c. inf7.). 
9. instigatio (v. rare, and to be 
avoided): Auct. Her.. Gai. Dig. 3) 
stimiilus (lit. a goad; hence, urging, 
prompting): cf. Tac. H. 3, 53, suis sti- 
mulis excitos Moesiae duces, i. e. by his 
influence or instigation. 4, impulsus, 
is (best only in abl.: any urging or 
influence) : Caes.. Cic. 
instigator: 1. auctor (gen. term, 
in good or bad sense): ef. Liv. 2, 54, 
med,, nec auctor quamvis audaci_faci- 
nori deerat (? instigator): Caes. B. G 
Rugs. 2. impulsor (one who influ 
ences for good or bad): Join: auctor 
et impulsor (sceleris}, Vic, Vat. 10, 24 
| (cf. suasor et impulsor, in good sense 
| 43 








INSTILL 


INSTRUMENTAL 





Cic. Att. 16, 7, init.). 3, concitator 
(one who stirs up): 7.8 of riot, turbae 
ac tumultus c., Liv. 25, 4, fin.: Hirt. 
4, instimildtor (v rare) Join 

instimulator et concitator, rat. pro Dom. 
5, 11. 5. instigator (not of the best 
age) Tac. H. 1, 38, extr. 

instill: instillo, 1 (with ace. and 
dat.): tot. a precept into the ear, prae- 
ceptum auriculis ins., Hor Ep. 1, 8, 
16. Join  instillare ac tradere, Sen. 
Ben. 6, 16, 4. (In Cic. Att. 9, 7. init., 
[literae tuae} mihi quiddam quasi ani- 
mulae instillarunt, the verb is doubtful 
fal. ve-tillarnnt]; but it may be used 
fig.. ef. Cic. Sen. 11, 36, nisi tanquam 
immini oleum instilles.) 

instinct Cult) 1, expr. by na- 
tira animals do many things, accord- 
ing to their several i.s, muita bestiae 
faciunt, duce sua quaeque natura, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 33, 109 to be impelled to any- 
thing by i., ad aliquid naturae stimulis 
incitari, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, jin.: cf. Plin. 7, 
4, 5, nimirum haec est natura rerum, 
haec poentia ejus, saevissimas feras 
maximasque nunquam vidisse quod de- 
beant timere, et statim intelligere quum 
sit timendum. 2. appétitus, Us (na- 
tural desire; Ger. trieb) Nature has 
given to brutes sensation and i., Natura 
dedit belluis sensum et a., Cic. N. D. 2, 
47, 122. natural i.s, appetitus naturae, 
Reich.in Kr Phr.. whence this (ten- 
dency) except from %., unde nisi intus 
mronstratum? Hor. S. 2, 1, 52: so strong 
an %. of self-preservation, tanta sui con- 
servandi custodia, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, extr. 

instinct (adj.): Phr.: 2. with life, 
animatus cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 15, stellae 
divinis animatae mentibus cf. Lucr. 5, 
146, nequeunt vitaliter esse animata 
also Cic. Tusc. 1 23, 54, quod autem est 
animal, 7d mou cietur inter iore et suo. 

instinctive: 1, natiiralis, e: 7. 
desire and aversion (in animals), appe- 
titio n., +t declinatio n., Cic. N. D. 3, 13, 
33: V. NATURAL, Q, expr. by natura 
€. g. quod natura ingeneravit; a natura 
datum s. protectum cf. 1nsrincT (subs.). 

instincti.ely: natura, naturaliter . 
Vv. NATURALLY 

institute (v.): |, To establish and 
organize: 1, instituo, i, itum, 3 (to 
set on foot, originate) : to i. sacred rites, 
sacra i., Liv. 1, 19: Cic. Att. 6, 1, 5: 
Ov . also foll. by ut, to ¢..a practice: 
Cic. Vv. TO INTRODUCE. 2. constituo, 
3: V. TO FSTABLISH (IL). 3, some- 
times facio (to make, appoint) may serve, 
ef. Liv 1, 19, med., Janum indicem 
belli et racis fecit, he 2.d the custom of 
making Janus the sign of peace or war: 
V. TO APPOINT, |]. To appoint for- 
mally : instituo, 3} Vv TO APPOINT (1.). 

institute (subs.): chiefly in pi., to 
denote @ body of instruction: institi- 
tidnes : e. g. Gaii. 

institution: =|. The act: expr. 
by verb the cause of the i. of games, 
causa insiitu. adorum ludorum, Val. Max. 
2,4,4 the vr. of that magistracy dates 
many wears after the decemvirate, qui 
magi tratus multis annis post X viros in- 
stitutus est, Cic. Art.6, 1, 5. (Not insti- 
tutio in this sense.) Il. That which 
as instituted : 1, instititum (includ- 
ing all fixed customs): laws and i.s 
(regular p. actices), leges et i., Cic. Br. 
17, 26°. foreiyn i.s (manners and cus- 
toms , externa i., Val. Max. 2, 6. O). 
exor. by verb: the i.s of Numa, quae a 
Numa instituta sunt, quae Numa insti- 
tuit: v. To INSTITUTE. 

instruct. I. To teach: 1 
Eriidio, 4 (to educate). to i. any one in 
eivil law, e. aliquem in jure civili. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 59, extr.: also foll. by ad and 
ace., erudire ad majorum instituta, Cic. 
Verr 3,59, 161. Join. erudire atque 
docere (absol.), Cic. Off. 1, 44, 1565 in- 
stituere atque e., Cic. Verr 1. c. o) 
instituo, i, utum, 3 (to train, train up, 
q.v) to t. one quite uninformed in 
the art of speaking, aliquem omnino 
rudem ad dicendum ins., Cic. de Or. 2, 
39, init.: cf. supr. (2). 3. ddceo, 
@dodceo, 2: v. TU TEACH. 4. prae: | 

414 











cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (esp. in practical 
matters, as morals; also generally, in 
practice, as opp. to theory : with dat. or 
absol.) to teach, admonish, 7., docere, 
monere, pr., Ter. Ad. 5,9, 5 tot. (give 
instructions) in eloquence, de eloquentia 
pr., Cic. de Or. 2, 11, extr.: cf. infr. (IL). 
See also TO EDUCATE. (N.B.—Not in- 
struo in this sense.) |] Vo give direc- 
tions authoritatively : 1, mando, rt 
(with dat, and ut, ne): he t.s that officer 
to proceed te..., huic mandat [ut]... 
advat, Caes. B. G. 3, 11 (the ut is not 
unireq. omitted, as here) with ne, to 
instruct. .not, Caes. B. C. 2, 13. 2 
praecipio, 3 (same constr.) ; they %.’d 
him as to wnat they wished done, huic 
quid fieri vellent praeceperunt, Nep 
Paus. 4 Sall.: Hirt. 3. praescribo, 
psi, ptum, 3 (whether by letter or other- 
wise same constr.): for so Ihave %.'d 
them to..., sic enim praescripsimus iis, 
ut..., Cic. Fam. 13, 26. though he had 
been t.’d not to. .., quum ei praescriptum 
esset, ne..., Cic. Att. 16, 3, fin. 

instructed = (bene) insiititus, érii- 
ditus, etc.- v. ACCOMPLISHED, LEARNED. 

instruction: |. 2ducation: 1, 
institutio ( ourse of trarning): youthful 
z., puerilis i., Cic de Or. 2, init. : Suet. 

2, Ediicatio, ériditio, etc.: v. EDU- 
CATION 3, praeceptum (that which 
is conveyed as instruction): v. LESSON. 
(Or expr. by verb to attend to the i. of 
one’s children, *suis liberis erudiendis 
atque ducendis operam dare to give 7. 
in any art, de aliqua re praecipere. v. 
TO INSTRUCT.) I]. Authoritative com- 
mand: 1, mandatum. v. cHARGE (IIL). 
2, praeceptum (less freq. in this 

sense): in accordance ith Cicero's 7.8, 
ex praecepto Ciceronis, Sall. Cat. 44, init. 
(Ssicuti praeceptum erat, ib. 45): so, 
juxta praeceptum, Just. 2, 12, fin. By 
oft. expr. by praecipio=—praescribo, to 
give instructions: to give is to each 
severally, unicuique praecipere, Auct. 
B. Afr. 8- cf. supr. (11, 2); To m- 
struct (II.). 4, praescriptum: to 
follow one's i.s in everything, omnia 
agere ad praescriptum, Caes. B. C. 3, 51: 
Liv. 

instructive: nearest word, Utilis, 
e: ct. Hor. A. P. 343, qui miscuit utile 
dulci, i. e. combines the instructive with 
the entertaining. So, perutilis, very 7. : 
the works of Xenophon are very %. in 
many ways, multas ad res peru. sunt 
Xenophontis libri, Cic. Sen. 17, init. 
More tully, utilis s. aptus ad homines 
erudiendos atque docendos. 

instructively: atiliter: cf. preced. 
art. (Or expr. by verb or adj.: pvuets 
wixh to write either 7. or entertainingly, 
aut prodesse volunt, aut delectare poetae, 
Hor. A. P. 3333 student carmina sua 
aut utilia esse aut dulcia: v. preced. 
artt.) 

instructor: magister, f. -tra; doc- 
tor, f -trix (Vv. rare): v. TEACHER. 

instrument: |. /mplement: 1, 
instrumentum (oft. used as collective) 
V. IMPLEMENT. Freq. in fig. sense: what 
powerful i.s (appliances) for attaining 
to wisdom, quanta i. ad adipiscendam 
sapientiam, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, fin. A 
organium (Gk. dpyavoyv esp. of an ela- 
borate or scientific kind): an %. called a 
mallet, org. quod dicitur tudicula, Col. 12, 
50, med. : astronomical i.s, organa, per 
quae stellarum ac siderum loca atque 
magnitudines signentur. Plin. 2, 26, 24. 
Freq of musical. instruments: Juv 6, 
380: Quint. (later, a peculiar kind of 
musical 7., Eng. “organ”’). 3. ma- 
china (of a large or formidable kind) : 
V MACHINE. Phr : surgical 7.s, *ferra- 
menta chirurgorum (R. and A.). ll 


Legal instrimentum, tabiila, ete. : v. 
DOCUMENT 
instrumental: |. Tending toa 


certtan end: Phr: I, you, were i. in 
bringing something to pass, mea, tua 
opera factum est, Cic. Sen. 4, 113 in 
negative sentences, per me, te stetit 
quominus, ler. Andr. 4, 2, 16 Caes. : 
also per without stetit who weve t. 
(in bringing a thing to pass), per quos? 





INSULT 





you were 
mainly i.in my obtaining . . ut conse- 
queremur..., ulus praeter ceteros ad- 
juvisti, Cic. Q. Fr 1, 1, 15 (v To am, 
FURTHER) he wus t.in bringing about 
Cicero's exile, illo suasore auctore; atque 
impulsore Cicero ex urbe pulsus est v. 
INSTIGATOR. I]. As epith. of music: 
vocal and %. music, vocum et nervorum 
et tibiarum [*c. cujusvis generis or- 
ganorum |] cantus, Cic. R. Am. 46, 134; 


V. MUSIC. é 
instrumentality ; 1 ministé- 
rium (servie, agency): through the 


malice of Viverius, by the t. of Cn. Piso, 
fraude ‘liberii, m. et opera Cn. Pisonis, 
Suet. Cal. 2. 2, Opéra by whose i. he 
had been /cilled, quorum opera inter‘ectus 
(erat), Caes. B. G. 5, 25 Cic. cf. IN- 
STRUMENTAL. 3, expr. by per with 
ace.: through whose t.? By u hom? per 
quos? a quibus? Cic. R. Am. 29, 80. 
instrumentally: expr. by per quem, 
cujus opera, etc.. v. INSTRUMENTAL. 
insubordiuate : 1, séditidsus. 
disorderly, i., mischievous, turbulentus, 
S., perniciosus, Cic. Ph. 1, 9, 22 ‘Tac.. 
Vv. MUTINOUS. 2, male parens tyran- 
nical rulers and %. sulgects, *superbe 
imperitantes et male parentes* cf. L. G. 
§ 638. Phr.: to become 7. (of soldiers), 
lascivire, discordare; disciplinam et la- 
borem aspernari, Tac, A, 1, 16; impe- 
rium detrectare, ib. 45. 
insubordination. 1, immédestia 
(lack of order and discipline)- Nep. 
Alc. 8. 2, intempérantia (absence of 
restraint): Join i. nimiaque licen- 
tia: Nep. Eum. 8. 3, seditio (actual 
mutiny): more fully, seditio et confusus 
ordo disciplinae, Tac. H 1,60. Phr. 
to be guilty of i. propter lic-ntiam 
ducibus non parere, cf. Nep. Eum. 8. cf. 
preced. art. fin. 
insufferable; intolérandus, intdléra- 
bilis: v. INTOLERABLY. Phr : ¢. blaze 
of majesty, *fulgor ille divinus quo 
mortalium perstringuntur oculi. 
insufterably : Vv. INTOLERABLY, 
hr. goddess i. briyht, *quae ita 
splendes, ut oculos adspicientium per- 
stringas ; quae oculorum aciem per- 
stringis s. hebetas: v. TO DAZZLE. 
insufficiency: |, Lit.: indpia: 
V. SUARUITY, WANT. I]. Fig.. expr. 
by sufficio, 3, with a negative: they 
assert the t. of the reason, *mentem 
ratiouemque hominum non sufficere (ad 
eam rm) confirmant: that he might 
learn the i. of human strength when 
opposed to the gods, ut intelligeret, quam 
uullae essent hominum vires adversus 


deos, Just. 2, 12, med.: v, INADE- 
QUACY. 
insufficient: |. Lit.: 1. expr. 


by indpia: e. g.on account of the i. supply 
of corn, propter inopiam frumenti s. rei 
frumentariae: v. WANT. 2. by satis 
with a negutive: they abandoned the 
undertaking because their funds were 
2.. *inceptum cmiserunt, propterea quod 
non suppetebat pecuniue satis magna 
copia. 3. by sufficio, 3, with a nega- 
tive and the supply of the means of 
subsistence was now %., nec jam sufficere 
(sufficiebant) alimenta, cf. Caes. B. G. 
4, 20, fin.: V TO SUFFICE, ll. Fig.: 
V. INADEQUATE 3 and cf. preced. art. 

insufficiently: minus béné, haud 
satis: Vv, SUFFICIENTLY 

insular; insilanus (v. rare, and 
found only as subs.): v. ISLANDEB. 
(Better expr by insula on account of 
our v, position, *propterea quod insulam 
incolimus, in insula babitamus 7%. pecu- 
liaritves, *ingenii institutorumque pro- 
pria quaedam, utpote eorum qui insulani 
sunt.) 

insulate expr. hy excliido, ségrégo 
etc.. Vv. TO CUT OFF, S PARATE. 

insult (subs.): 1, contimélia - 
harass with every kind of i., omnibus c. 
vexare, Cic. N. I) 1, 16, 73 to do any- 
thing by way of 2. (ensultingly), aliquid 
per injuriam facere, Caes. B.C. 1,9 see 
foll. art. 2, indignitas: v INDIGNITY, 
OUTRAGE. Join. [omnes] indignitates 


—_ 


INSULT 





contumeliasque “perferre}, Caes. B.G 2, 
14. 38. probrum (esp. offensive lan- 
guage): letters full of every kind of t. 
towards me, epistolae plenae omnium 
in me pr, Cic. Att. 11,9 to assail with 
all kinds of i. and abuse, pr omnibus 
maledictisque vexare, Cic. Fl. 20, 48 
so, probra jactare in aliquem, Liv 29, 9; 
dicere, Ov. A. A. 3, 49. 4. ignominia 
(the state of ome who ts disgraced or 
imsulted) : cf Cic. Verr. 3, 97, in., per 
summam injuriam ignominiamque, i. e. 
with the utmost aggravation of wrong 
and insult: but ignominia must not be 
used to denote an insulting act: v. 
DISGRACE, 1GNOMINY 
insult (v.): 1. expr. by conti- 
mélia with a verb e. g. contumeliam 
alicui facere, Ter, Ph. 5,7, 79; imponere, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 9, 20 (both implying some 
affronting act): c. in aliquem jacere, 
ic. Sull. 7, extr., alicui dicere, Pl. Bac. 
2, 3, 33 (both referring to language) : to 
be 7.’d, c. accipere, Caes. B. G. 7, 10; 
experiri, Phuedr. 1, 3,15. 2, sugillo, 
1 (by offensive language and behaviour) : 
they (the candidates) had been i.'d and 
rejected, sugillatos, repulsos fuisse, Liv. 
4, 35, fin.: to t. (any one in his) dis- 
tress, miserias s., Petr. 128. 8. in- 
sulto, 1 (strictly, to exult over: with 
dat. or in and acc.): to i. (triumph over) 
any one in his misfortune, alicui ins. in 
calamitate, Cic. Verr. 5, 50, 132: to %. 
(behave insolently towards) the common- 
wealth, ins. in rempublicam, Cic. Mil. 
32,87. Phr.: not tor. any man openly, 
nulli laedere os, Ter. Ad. 5, 4,10. See 
also TO OFFEND, ABUSE 
insulting (a4j.): 1. contiméli- 
dsus (of persons or things): Cic.: Tac. 
2, expr. by contumelia, probrum: 
to ask in a very i. manner, Magna ver- 
borum contumelia interrogare, Caes. B.C. 
3, 71, extr.: a most t. letter, literae 
omnium probrorum maledictorumque 
plenae. v. INSULT. 
insultingly: contiimélidsé: Cic. : 
Liv. To behave most i. towards any 
one, omnes contumelias alicui imponere 
s. injungere: v. INSULT. 
insuperable: 1, insiipérabilis, e 
(of mountains, roads, vtc.): Liv. 21, 36. 
2. inexstipérabilis, e (like preced.) : 
Liv. 5, 34, med. 3, expr by superari 
non posse (best for fig. expr.); v. To 
OVERCOME. 
insurerably : *ita ut (aliquid) super- 
ari non possit. 
insupportable; v. INSUFFERABLE, 
INTOLERABLE, 
insupportably: v. INSUFFERABLY. 
insuppressible: Vv. IRREPRESSIBLE. 
insurance: Phr.: an 7%. company, 
*societas per quam fenore dato de damnis 
§. jacturis resarciendis praecavetur (the 
term fenus nauticum was used in a sense 
analogous to that of marine insurance, 
see Dict. Ant. p. 528, a.): 2. money, ea 
cautio quam negotiatores assecurationts 
(Ger. assecuranz) nomine usurpant, 
Wyttenb. (in Kr.). 
insure: |. In gen. sense; civeo, 
praeciveo; aliquid tutum praesto v. 
GUARD (I., Phr.) ; TO SECURE. (|. To 
mercantile sense: *fenore dato de dam- 
nis, jacturis, resarciendis cavere, prae- 
cavere Vv. TO GUARD AGAINST. 
insurer: *qui de damnis, etc., cavet: 
v. preced. art. os 
insurgent (24).) : rébellis, e (strictly, 
renews war, breaks out into war): 
an i. colony, r. colonia, Tac H. 4,72. v. 
BEBELLIOUS. 
insurgent (subs.): 1, rébellis, is 
(strictly adj.) : esp. in pl., rebelles, rebels 
or insurgents, Tac. A. I, 40. 9. 
rébellio, Onis, m. (v late and rare) 
Treb. Poll. 
insurmeuntable. V_INSUPERABLE. 
insurrection’ 1. rébellio, nis, /. 
(renewal of war by a conquered people) : 
Vv. REVOLT, 2, mdtus, is (a political 
movement, a rising): a formidable ser- 
vile t., magnus servilis m., Liv. 39, 29: 
he feared an u mm Gaul, m. Galliae 
verebatur, Caes. B. G. 5, 5, extr. S}. 
défectio. vy. REVOLT. 4, oft. expr. 


INTELLECT 


by bellum cf. Caes. B G 4, 1, de bello 
consilia inire, i. e. to concert measures 
Jor a general i.: so, bellum parare, ib. 
6, 2. More precisely, bellum ac de- 
fectio, ib. 6, 3, med. 5. séditio (a 
party movement vn a state, civil strife 
and discord): cf. Liv 6, 16, med., jam- 
que haud procul seditione res erat, mat- 
ters were very near coming to an t. (viz. 
by reasim of the popular indignation at 
the treatment of Manlius): to excite an 
i., s. movere, Vell. 2, 68 v. SEDITION, 
MUTINY 6. timultus, fis (a violent 
movement, esp of the Gau.s or slaves): 
a servile 7., servilis t., Civ. B. G. 1, 40 
an i. in Istria, t. Istricus, Liv 41, 6, 
init.: Cic. 7, insurrectio (Gr. érava- 
oracis late and rare) Gloss. Philox. 
Phr- to stir up states to 7., civitates 
sollicitare, Caes. B. G. 8, 233 50, 0/ 
slaves, servos sollicitare spe libertatis, 
Nep. Paus. 3, fin. 

insurrectionary : sometimes, sédi- 
tidsus (tending to excite civil strife and 
outbrealc): cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 18, sedi- 
tiosa et improba oratic. May usu. be 
expr. by subs. an %. movement, de- 
fectio, seditiv, etc.: the 7. leaders, duces 
seditionis, etc. v. preced. art. 

insusceptibility . v. (NSENSIBILITY. 

insusceptible; v. INSENSIBLE. 

intact: 1, intéger, gra, grum 
(whole, undiminished): the lower por- 
tion (of the piles) remained i., pars in- 
ferior i, remanebat, Caes. B. G 4, 35 
surviving 7., Superstes i., Hor. Od. 2, 17, 
7: V.ENTIRE. Q, intactus (not meddled 
with): i. and uninjured, i. inviolatus- 
que, Liv. 2, 12, fin.: an army fresh and 
z., exercitus integer i.que, Liv. 10, 14, 
Jin. 8. incdlimis, e (uninjured, un- 
impaired): to preserve one’s distinction 
i., splendorem suum inc. retinere, Cic. 
Pl. 5, 12: Hor. Join integer inco- 
lumisque, Cic. Cat. 3, 10, extr.: inco- 
lumis atque intactus, Cic. Rep. 2, 6. 

4, salvus (preserved, not sacri- 

ficed): oft. with a subs. in abl. absol.: 
the auspices, the laws remaining %., 8. 
auspiciis, legibus, Cic. Fam. 1, 2, fim.: 
provided only the meaning of the poet 
ts kept i., 8. modo poetae sensu, Quint. 
TQyizs 
tatuslio: *jmago entypa (Gr. évrv- 
Tos, evTUTwua); Opp. to ectypa, Sen. 
Ben. 3,26, 1: in pl.,entypa,orum (The 
word does not occur in Lat., but is ne- 
cessary for precision.) 

integer: *numerus integer: only 
as t, t. 
integral: i.e. necessary to the whole: 
an %. part, pars necessaria rei alicujus 
(R. and A.); or perh. *ipsins rei pars, 
sine qua consistere non potest. 

integrity: 1, inndcentia (free- 
dom from crime or corruption of any 
kind, esp. in public life): his t. had 
been tried all his life long, suam in. 
(opp. to avaritiam) perpetua vita esse 
perspectam, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, ad fin.: 
what i. ought to mark our generals, 
quanta in. debent esse imperatores ! Cic. 
Manil. 13, 36: a man of stern 7. (Cato), 
rigidae in., Liv. 39, 40, med. 9. inte- 
gritas (uprightness, esp. as opp. to cor- 
ruption): t. of character, int. vitae, 
Nep. Phoc. 1 Cic. Join: integritas 
atque innocentia, Cic. Div. Verr. 9, 27. 

8, sanctitas (moral purity, unble- 

mished character): v. PURITY. 4. 
abstinentia (esp. freedom from grasping 
and avarice): t. in the administration 
of a province, provincialis in magistratu 
abs., Cic. Sext. 3, 7 5, antiquitas 
(old-school honour and. strictness): men 
of the severest 7., gravissimae a. viri, Cic. 
Sext. 3,6: a pattern of virtue, t., saga- 
city, virtutis, ant., prudentiae docu- 
mentum, Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 27. Phr.. 
no person of greater i. in the state, 
nemo integrior in civitate, Cic. de Or. 1, 
53, 229. 

integument. tégiimentum, ete.. v. 
COVERING (subs.). 

intellect: 1, mens, mentis, f : 
ef. Cie. Fin. 5, 13, tnit., where mens is 
treated as the most important division 
(pars quae princeps est) of the animus 


INTEMPERANCE 





or soul; hence the expr. mens animi 
Lucr. 4, 760 also used in more gen 
sense v. MIND. 2. expr. by circumi. 
quae pars animi rationis atque intellé 
gentiae particeps est, Ci Viv 1, 32, 70 
3. ingénium ((he intellectual powers 
generally): force of <., vis “igenii, Cic 
Ph. 5, 18, 49: to be of a duts i., hebet 
ing. esse, ib. 10, 8,17 V GENIUS, ABILITY, 
4. intellectus, fis ; intelligentia (as 
om t. terms) Boeth. cf Sir W 
amilton’s Reid, p. 769, b. 
intellectual: expr. by mens, intel 
lectus, etc. the int and emotional 
powers, *mentis animique facultates 
man is an %. being, *homo ratione et 
cogitatione praeditum animal est v 
RATIONAL. (Intellectualis is late Lat 
e.g. intellectuale systema is the Lat 
title of Cudworth’s work.) Phr to 
pursue t. culture, studia excolere, Quint 
4. pref. § 3: to seek solace wn ¢. pursuits 
ad [funicum doloris levamentum j studia 
confugere, Plin. Ep. 8, 19,1 so, ib. § 
13, I, juvant me quod vigent studia: 
the tastes of the populace ut Rome were 
not i., *abhorrebat a studiis literarum 
indoles plebeculae Romanue 
intelligence: |. Mental faculty: 
V. INTELLECT, REASON I] Guiclness 
of mind : 1, expr. by ingénium: t& 
be possessed of great or little i., ingenio 
acuto, retuso esse, cf. Cic. Div. 1, =a 19: 
he preferred the natural i. of the Bri 
tons to the industry of the Gauls, in 
genia Britannorum studiis Gallorum 
anteierre, lac. Agr. 21. (But ingenium 
is often used absol. to denote superior 
endowments: V ABILITY,GENIUS) Q, 
sollertia (sol-). i. e. cleverness, quickness 
of mind, ingenuity, as practically ap- 
plied : a vace characterized by the great- 
est i. (the Gauls), summae genus 
Caes. B. G. 7, 22: Vv. INGENUITY, SKILL, 
Cntelligentia is understanding: q. v.) 
Il]. Zidings: v mNFoRMATION (I.), 
IV. An order of superior beings: 
usu. in pl., *intelligentiae (coelestes). 
Aquin. 
intelligent: |. Possessing under 
standing : ], intelligens, ntis: we 
allow the gods to be i. beings, concedi- 
mus deos esse int., Cic. ND. 2, 30, 7} 
2. usu. better expr. by circumL, 
e.g. rationis compos, Cic. N. D, 2, 31, 
init.; mente praeditus; ratione ac cogi- 
tatione praeditus v RATIONAL. Il. 
Of quick understanding: Phr.: they 
are an 7%. race, *genus hominum est in- 
genio satis acuto; ingenio haudquaquam 
tardo s. obtuso v. INTELLIGENCE (I1.). 
(N.B.—Intelligens is possessing under- 
standing: v. supr (1., 1): ef. Cic. Br 
54, init., intelligens sc. judicium, i. e. a 
judgment or criticism based on under- 
standing of the subject.) 
intelligently: intelligenter (with 
understanding): to hear (a § cer) %. 
and attentively, int. et attente audire 
Cic. Part. 8,29. Phr.: to answer t, 
*bene, satis acute, respondere. 
intelligibility; expr. by intelligi 
posse . v. foll. art. 
intelligible: |, Capable of being 
understood: Phr.: this ts not very t. 
*hoc parum facile est ad intelligendum, 
haud facile intelligi potest v.TO UNDER- 
STAND. ||. Appertaining to the rea- 
son: intelligibilis,e an t. good, bonum 
int. (opp. to bonum sensibile), Sen. Ep 
124, 2; where it is paraphr. by quod 
intellectu comprehenditur. 
intelligibly : expr. by intelligo: ne 
cared not to speak t., *parvi fecit intelli- 
gerentur necne quae diceret. See also 
CLEARLY (I.). 
intemperance: 1. intempérantis 
(in widest sense, /ack of self restraint) 
1.a foe to the mind, int. menti inimica, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 22. Lu special sense, 7 
in drink, vini int. Liv 44, 30, med. 
2, intempéries, éi (rare): t. in 
drink, int. ebrietatis, Just. 12, 13, extr. 
Phr.: excessive and continual ¢. (in 
eating and drinking), profunda et in- 
tempestiva gula, Suet. Vit. 13 overcome 
ly i., onustus cibo et vino, Cic. Div. x, 
29, 60: stupified by i., immoderato ob 
415 


INTEMPERATE 





stupevacta (mens) potu atque pastu, 
Cic. 1. c. 
intemperate: 1, intempérans, 
otis (without self-restraint) : i. in sen- 
sual indulgence, int. in voluptates, Sen. 
Ir. 1, 3, 3: t. in desire for something, 
int. in alicujus rei cupiditate, Cic. Att 
13, 26. (Not as epith. of language v. 
plo 2. immédératus (unrestrained) : 
Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60° v. preced. art. extr. 
8. immodicus (not observing due 
bounds): v. EXTRAVAGANT, IMMODE- 
RATE. 4, impotens, ntis (violent, un- 
governable): <. rejoicing, imp. laetitia, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 7, init. : v. UNGOVERNABLE. 
Phr.. in an i. manner, intemperanter 
(v. foll. art.): to use i. language against 
any one, intemperanter invehi in ali- 
quem, Liv. 42, 14, med. (immodicus Jin- 
gua, Liv. 22, 12, refers to extravagant 
boasting). 
intemperately: 1. intempéranter: 
angrily (said, and most i, nimis 
iracunde et valde i., Cic. Ph. 2, 5, 12: to 
assail 7., int. lacerare, Plin. Ep. 1, 5. 3: 
Liv.: v. preced. art. fin. 9. intem- 
pératé (rare): Cic. Join immoderate 
et intemperate, Cic. Tim. 12. 3, im- 
modérate Cic.- v. supr. (2). 
intemperateness: esp. of lan- 
guage: perb. vidlentia. v VIOLENCE. 
Phr.: let there be no i. of expression, 
“ne quid intemperanter dicatur; cave 
ne intemperantius in quem inveharis 
Vv INTEMPERATELY. 
intend: i.e. to mean, purpose: 1, 
expr. by in animo est, with dat, of sub- 
ject: they %.’d to pass through the Pro- 
vince, sibi erat in animo iter per Pro- 
vinciam facere, Caes. B. G. 1, 7: Cic. 
Also habere in animo (less freq.), Cic. 
R. Am. 18, 52 (istum exheredare in 
animo habebat). 9, cOgitu, 1 (hardly 
so decided an expr. as preced.). do 
you t. to receive him into your house, 
hunc tu in aedes c. recipere? Ter. Eun. 
5, 2,58: It. to return (“am thinking 
of returning”’) to Antium by..., Antium 
me recipere cogito a.d. ., Cic. Att. 2, 
9g, fin. 3. expr. by fut. part. act. 
intending to do something: see L. G. 
Spi ef, Liv. 21, 38, init., in Etru- i 
riam ducit, eam quoque gentem aut vi 
aut voluntate adjuncturus (intending to 
gain): Tac.. Plin. Ep. 4, destino, t 
(to fiz, settle): without doing what he 
had i.’d, infectis iis quae agere destina- 
verat, Caes. B. C. 1, 33: esp. tut. to buy: 
the table-stand which you had %.’d for | 
yourself, trapezophoron quod tibi desti- | 
naras, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, med. , in- | 
tendo, di, tum and sum, 3 (fo direct | 
one’s course towards , aim at): he could 
not accomplish what he 7.’d, neque quod 
intenderat efficere potest, Sall. Jug. 
25: also with animo, Cic. Ph. 10, 4, 9. 
(N.B.—Neither of the two last can be 
used to denote a mere intention: the 
former denotes a definite determina- 
tion ; the latter implies that an attempt 
ts actually made.) See also TO MEAN. 
intendant;: Vv. SUPERINTENDENT. 
intense: |. Physically ; esp. as 
epith. of beat or cold: 1, magnus 
or superl. (gen. term). im consequence 
of the i. heat, ex magnis caloribus, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 3, 1, init. (he adds, non enim me- 
minimus majores, more intense): the 
cold is 7., *frigora sunt maxima. (N.B. 
—The plur. of frigus, calor, are used 
with an intensive force.) 2. acer, 
cris. cre (affecting the senses keenly): 
z. cold, acre (acerrimum] frigus, Lucr, 4, 
261: the most i. sweetness, summa et 
acerrima suavitas, Cic. de Or. 3. 25, 99: 
am t. ved, rubor acerrimus, Sen. N. Q. 1, 
14.2. 98, nimius: v. EXCESSIVE, 4, 
fervidus (of heat): v. GLOWING. Phr.: 
the heat was 7., valde aestuabat (v. HOT, 
1., extr.): the heat grows more and more 
i. (fig.), magis aestuat, Ov. M. 4, 64: it 
was the depth of winter; the cold i., 
hiems erat summa, tempestas perfri- 
gida, Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86. the cold be- 
came so %., tanta vis frigoris insecuta 
est, Liv. 21, 58: also, as intensifying 
epithets of cold occur, rigidum (frigus), | 
Lucr. 1, 356; acutum (gelu), Hor. Od. | 
416 





INTENT 





INTERCEPT 


I, 9, 43 penetrabile (frigus), Virg. G. 1, | hujus mendicitas aviditate conjuncta in 


935; intolerabile, Cic. R. Am. 45, 131. 
but except the last, they savour of poetic 
diction. Il. Fig.: highly wrought, 
as desire, love 1, Acer, cris, cre (esp. 
in superl.): with more 7. zeal, studio 
acriorl, Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 95° 1. thought, 
acerrima fatque attentissima] cogitatio, 
ib. 3, 5,17 2. intentus 7. diligence, 
intentissima cura, Liv 25, 22 to pay 
the most t. heed to a case, causam quam 
maxime intentis oculis, ut aiunt, acer- 
rime contemplari, Cic. Fl. 11, 26. 3. 
flagrans, ardens, etc.: Vv. ARDENT, FER- 
VENT. 

intensely : 1, valde - 
v. dulce, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99 V. EX- 
CEEDINGLY, Q, acriter- emeralds i. 
green, smaragdi a. virides, Plin. 37, 5, 
18 § 69 (a rare use): to desire i., acriter, 
acerrime cupere. v. EAGERLY, See also 
EARNESTLY, ARDENTLY. Phr.: to love 
i. (to desperation), perdite amare (mu- 
lierem), ‘Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 45; misere 
amare, Pl. Mil. 4, 6, 32; amore misere 
deperire (with acc.), Pl. Cist. 1, 2, 123 
also simply deperire (to be dying for), 
Cat. 35,12: Pl. 

intensify : 1, intendo, di, tum 
and sum, 3: fo i. hatred, odium int., 
Tac. A. 13, 35 Plin.jun. 2, incendo, 
di, sum, 3 (more freq.): v. TO HEIGHTEN. 
(Or expr. by circumL., to i. the colour of 
anything, colorem acriorem reddere. v. 
INTENSE.) 

intensity: 1. vis, vim, vi, f (gen. 
term, both in physical and mental use) : 
such 7%. of cold, tanta vis frigoris, Liv. 
21, 58: such 1. of cold, and winter, haec 
vis frigorum hiemsque, Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 
42 (the plur. denotes esp. continued cold, 
as @ feature of climate) : so, vis calorum, 
Plin. 17, 24, 37 § 235: V FORCE. : 
véhémentia (late- freq. in Plin.): 7. (or 
strength) ef flavour, v. saporis, Plin. 
19, 5, 27. 8. rigor (only of cold); 7. 
(severity) of winter, r. hiemis, Plin. 11, 
28, 34° Just. v. severity. (N.B—No 
one of the above is equally expressive 
with the Eng., but they may be strength- 
ened by the use of adjj. of quantity or 
degree, ¢, g. Maximus, quantus potest 
esse Maximus; summus, tantus, acer 
see also INTENSE.) 

intensive: gram. ¢.¢.: intentivus: 
e. g. int. adverbia, Prise. 15, 36, p. 1022. 

intensively: *ita ut sensum in- 
tendat atque augeat: v, TO INTENSIFY. 

intent (subs.): Phr.: with (delibe- 
vate) t., consulto (Vv. INTENTIONALLY) : 
to the %. that, in eam partem, ut (ne), 
Cic. Att. 16, 1, fim. (more usu. eo con- 
silio ut, v. INTENTION): ¢o all is and 
purposes, *si non verbo, at re this is to 
all 7.8 and purposes the same case as the 
other, *hoc revera nibil omnino differt 
ab illo: v. VIRTUALLY, ALTOGETHER. 

intent (adj.): 1, intentus (foll. by 
ad, in and abl., less freq. abl. alone, or 
dat.): though you are i. upon the relief 
of ..., quamvis i. animus tuus sit ad libe- 
randum, Cic. Ph. 11,9, 22: Caes.: but in- 
tentus in ea re, Caes. B. G. 3, 22, where 
the sense is engaged in, and intent there- 
upon: t. on some calling, aliquo negotio 
i., Sall. Cat. 2, evtv.: v. ATTENTIVE. 

2, attentus (bent on: esp. with ref. 

to money-making : constr. like preced.) : 
t.on pelf, a. ad rem, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 48: 7. 
on gain, a. quaesitis (dat.), Hor. S. 2, 6, 
82. 3. Grectus (esp. with expectancy) : 
more fully, intentus exspectatione, Liv. 
2,54: Cic. Join: intentus suspensus- 
que, Liv. 1, 25. Phr.: 7. thereupon, 
totus in illis, Hor. S. 1, 9, 2: to be t. on 
anything: (1). incumbo, cibui, itum, 3 
(to devote oneself to, strive hard for): 
to be i. upon renovn, toto pectore inc. 
in taudem, Cic. Fam. 10, Io v. TO DE- 
VOTE (oneself). (2). intendo, di, tum 
and sum, 3 (with animum; or as pass. 
refl, with animo): not to be 7%. enough 
upon a thing, parum [defigere] animum 
et intendere, Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46: to be i. 
upon a thing, animo intendi in aliquid, 
Liv. 1,25. (3). perh. immineo, ui, 2 (to 
threaten; hence, to be bent on getting: 
constr. various): cf. Cic. Ph. 5, 7, 20, 


i. sweet, 

















nostras fortunas im. (overhangs, and is 
ready to descend upon): cf. also, emp- 
tioni im., Suet. Aug, 24, appy.=to be 7. 
on buying. Phr.: to be more i. on 
doing one thing than another, avidius 
hoc quam illud facere, cf. Sall. Jug. 60. 

intention : 1, consilium: with 
the i. of ..., eo ¢. ut (uti), Caes. B. G. 1, 
48 Vv. DESIGN. Q, propdsitum (rather 
stronger than the Eng.). what was 
Pompey’s t. or disposition, quidnam 
Pompeius propositi aut voluntatis habe- 
ret, Caes. B. C. 3, 84: Vv. PURPOSE. 
Phr.: i is my i. mihi in animo est; 
cogito, etc. Vv. TO INTEND. 

intentionally ; consulto, dedita 
opera, de industria: v. DESIGNEDLY. 

intently: 1, intenté: Quint. 2, 
expr. by intentus: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 1: 
Sall. Jug. 60, intenti proelium prospecta- 
bant: v. L. G. § 343. 8, expr. by 
modal abl., intentis oculis, ut aiunt, Cic. 
Fl. 11, 26: most 7., acerrim& atque at- 
tentissima cura, cf. Cic. Or. 3, 5,17. See 
also ATTENTIVELY, EARNESTLY. 

intentness: expr. by adj.: v. In- 
TENT. 

inter: hiimo, sépélio, etc.; v. To 
BURY. 

interment: himatio, sépultira: v. 
BURIAL. 

intercalary: intercilaris, e; inter- 
calarius, a, um: Cic.: Liv. Phr.: an 
t. day (or days) was inserted this year, 
intercalatum (est) eo anno, Liv. 45, 44, 
init.. The usu. intercalary day was the 
day following VI. Kal. Mart. (24 Febr.), 
which was called bisextus, that date 
being reckoned twice. 

intercalate: intercilo, 1- one day 
to be i.d every 4 years, ut unus dies 
quarto quoque anno intercalaretur, Suet. 
Caes. 40. most freq. as pass. impers., 
v. foll. art. (Injicio, in Suet. 1. c., denotes 
an addition to a single year only ) 

intercalation; 1, intercilatio- 
Plin.: Macr, 2. more freq. expr. by 
intercalatur, pass. impers.: I beg you to 
resist any t., rogo ut pugnes ne interca- 
letur, Cic. Att. 5,9. an %. took place, 
intercalatum est- Liv.. v. INTERCA- 
LARY, 

intercede: expr. by déprécor, 1 
(=to pray earnesily, esp. to prevent 
evil.. with dat. of person on behalf of 
whom, or pro and abl.): to i. on be- 
half of any one, against a beating, d. 
alicni ne vapulet, Pl. Asin. extr.: to t. 
on behalf of a citizen, pro cive d., Cic. 
Sext. 12, extr.: Liv.: the person on be- 
half of whom may be left unexpressed : 
to i. with the senate (on behalf of his 
Sather), ad deprecandam iram senatus, 
Liv. 39, 35. (So any verb of praying, 
e. g. precor, peto, may be used with dat., 
or abl. with pro: Vulg. usu. has inter- 
pellare, Gr. evtvyxave.v, which is not 
class. in this sense.) N.B.—Intercedo 
is to interfere. 

interceder: déprécator is for my 
sajety, deprecatores salutis meae, Cic. 
Sext. 12,27. to appear as 7. before any 
one on a person’s behalf, apud aliquem 
dep. {defensoremque’ adesse, Liv. 36, 35. 
(N.B.—Intercessor is one who intervenes 
or mediates.) 

intercept: |. To cut off: He 
interclado, 3: Vv. TO CUT OFF. 2: 
intercipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (to capture 
a thing during its transit): to be 
either lost, opened, or %.’d (of a letter) 
aut interire, aut aperiri aut intercipi, 
Cic. Att. 1, 13, med.: to %. supplies, 
commeatus i., Caes. B. G. 8, 47: Liv. 

3, excipio, 3 (to meet and capture 

that which is fleeing): to guard against 
my being id in flight, cavere ne ex- 
ciperemur (a Caesare), Cic. Att. 8,11, D: 
Caes.: v. TO CATCH. 4. circumvénio, 
4: to lie in wait for and i., insidiari et 
c., Cues. B. G, 6, 34. ||. Zo stand in 
the way of: officio, 3: to %. the light 
(esp. of buildings), luminibus of., Cic. 
Rab. Post. 16, 43 (fig.): Gai. Inst.: to i. 
the sun’s rays from one who is basking 
apricanti of., Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92: v. TO 


| OBSTRUCT. 


ee 


INTERCESSION 


INTER*®ST 








intercession: 1. déprécatio (any 
prayer for the averting of evil): cf. 
Cic. Part, 37, fin., ad ejus facti depreca- 
tionem. 2. oft. better expr. by dé- 
précator: to obtain a thing by some one’s 
z., aliquo deprecatore impetrare, Caes. 
B.G.1, 9: it is through your i. I am 
saved, *te deprecatore ac defensore salvus 
sum: V. INTERCEDER. 
intercessor: déprécator: v. INTER- 
CEDER; also preced. art. fin. 
intercessory : expr. by deprecator, 
or pres. part. of deprecor: %. prayer, 
*deprecantium pro alils supplicationes. 
interchange (v.): muio, permiito, 
commiuto, with inter and pron. refl.: v. 
TO EXCHANGE. Phr.: we did not i. @ 
single word, *nullo ne minimo quidem 
sermonis commercio usi sumus. 
interchange (subs.): 1. permu- 
tatio (esp. o/ commodities) : Cic. a 
vicis, vicem, victé; no nom. sing.; pl. 
complete except gen. (change, alterna- 
tion): %. of question and answer, inter- 
rogandi et respondendi vices, Quint. 9, 
2, 14: but the word is applicable to 
any turn or succession, cf. Hor. Od. 1, 
Ziyi 3. vicissitido, nis, f. (action 
by vices or alternation): i. of converse, 
sermonis v., Cic. Off. 1, 37, 1343 of 
kindness and affection, studiorum et 
officiorum, id. Am. 14, 49. Join: fex 
alio in aliud} vicissitudo et mutatio 
(=transformation), Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69. 
interchangeable: *(res) quae inter 
se commuturi possunt: sometimes, quac 
idem valent: v. EQUIVALENT. 
interchangeably: invicem: v. AL- 
TERNATELY. Phr.: these words are 
used %., *adhibentur hae voces sine ullo 
discrimine ; harum vocum nullum habe- 
tur discrimen. 


intercourse: |. In gen. sense, 
reciprocal dealings : 1, commercium 


(strictly, commercial 7., but 2lso in wider 
sense), to deprive of commercial t. (hy 
law), commercia adimere, Liv. 8, 14; 
to preclude it (as physical circumstances 
may), c. probibere, Sall. Jug. 18: you 
forbid the patricians to have i. with the 
plebeians, interdicitis patribus commer- 
cium plebis, Liv. 5, 3, med.: so, cum 
Musis c. habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 66. 
2. iisus, Us (most gen. term, to de- 
note social ¢.): domestic t. and intimacy, 
domesticus u. et consuetudo, Cic. R. Am. 
6, 15: much intimate 7., magnus fami- 
liaritatis u., Cic. Fam. 13, 52. 3, con- 
suétido, inis, f. (social ; of an habitual 
kind): bound to each other by (fami- 
liar) t., consuetudine inter se conjuncti, 
Cic.: v. INTIMACY. 4, conversatio 
v. rare): Vell. 2, 102. 5. consortium 
teeteny partnership): Sen. N. Q. 1, 
pref. Phr.: to enjoy the i. of any one, 
aliquo [multum, familiariter, valde fami- 
liariter) uti, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 14: Cie. 
Att. 16, 5, etc.: masters forbid their 
slaves to have %. with those of others, 
servis suis vetant domini quidquam rei 
cum alienis hominibus esse, Liv. 5, 3, 
med.: to avoid all kind of %. with a 
person, aditum, sermonem, congressum 
alicujus fugere, Cic. Sext. 52, 111. Il. 
Sexual: J], congressus, Us (gen. term): 
Cic. N. D. 2, 48,124. (Also congressio, 
Lact.) 2. isus, is (of men and 
women: poet.): Ov. R. Am. 357: Tib. 
3. consuetido (usu. of an irregular 
kind, and continued): an illicit i. of 
old standing, vetus siupri c., Sall. Cat. 
23: Ter. 4, assuétiido (— preced.): 
Tac. A. 13, 46. 5, commercium: Pl. 
mes x5. x,) 77: . nox, noctis, f. 
(meton.): Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3: noctes cer- 
tarum mulierum. 
interdict (v.): i.e. to lay under a 
ibition: interdico, xi, ctum, 3 (with 
acc. of person and abl. of thing; dat. of 
person and ace. of thing, or subj.) : tot. 
from sacrifices, sacrificiis i., Caes. B. G. 
6, 13: the people of Antium were id 
the use of the seu, Populo Antiati inter- 
dictum mare est, Liv. 8, 14. Join: 
imperare atque interdicere alicui [ne], 
Caes, B. G. 5, 22. 
interdict (swbs.): interdictum (legal 
term): v. Dict. Ant. p. 642. 





INTERJACENT 





interest (v.): |. To occupy and 
affect the mind: 1, téneo, ui, ntum, 
2 (to hold fast the attention): children 
are %.’d in games, shows, pueri ludis, 
spectaculis tenentur, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48: 
Vv. TO ENCHAIN. 2, délecto. 1: v. TO 
DELIGHT, PLEASE, CHARM. |], _To have 
to do with, affect ; only in 3 pers. sing. 
or pl.: pertinet, attinet, uit, 2: v. TO 
bo (IL). [I]. As verb refi., to interest 
oneself, esp. on some one’s behalf: expr. 
by incumbo, dédo (me), stiideo, ete. (v. 
TO DEVOTE ONESELF): Cicero warmly 7.'d 
himself in the cause of the Sicilians, 
*C. toto pectore in causam Siculorum 
incubuit; totum se dedidit ad Siculos 
tuendos vindicandosque. 

interest (suls.) : |. Concern, ad- 
vantage: . binum: esp. in phr., 
cui bono (fuit), for whose 7.? Cass. in 
Cic. R. Am. 30, 84: v. Goop (subs.) 2, 
ratio, Onis, ne esp. in pl. (one’s reckon- 
ings or calculations): (consider) what 
your is demand, quid tuae r. postulent, 
Sall. Cat. 44: nothing could be more to 
his t., nibil esse suis r. utilius, Cic. Clu. 
25, 69. 3. Utilitas (utility, expe- 
diency): to seek the advantage and i. 
of one’s subjects, eorum quibus praesis 
commodis utilitatique servire, Cic. Q Fr, 
I, 1, 8: oft. contrasted with honestas, 
interest as opp. to honour, Cic. Part. 25, 
89. 4, oft. expr. by dat. (cf. L. G. 
§ 288): esp. after such verbs as consulo, 
prouspicio, provideo;: to have regard to 
@ person’s 7.8, the i.8 of one’s country, 
consulere alicui, prospicere s, providere 
patriae (the two latter pointing to the 
future): so, to neglect the is of one’s 
country, male patriae consulere, Nep. 
Epam. 10: vy. To consucT (III.), pRo- 
VIDE FOR. 5, expr. it ts my, thy, 
ete., interest, by intérest or réfert, with 
pron. adjj. mea, tua, sna, nostra, vestra ; 
and gen. of a subs., the latter rarely 
with refert (L. G. § 283): i ds greatly 
to my 7., Magni med interest; zt ts the 
ti. of all, omnium interest, etc.: Cic. 
pass. : for refert, v. (IT) MATTERS. See also 
ADVANTAGE. Il. Share: taor.: you 
have an t. in the matter, tua res agitur, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84: he has no pecuniary 
t. in the concern, *illi nullae in negotio 
aguntur pecuniae, cf. Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 
113, quasi istic minor mea res agatur 
quam tna: Vv. SHARE. II]. Attractive- 
ness; esp. of books: Phr.: the book 
possesses much %., *tenet legentem liber ; 
multum delectationis habet; has no 7., 
*omnino frigidus atque odiosus est, le- 
gentem taedio s. fastidio afficit: v. 
INTERESTING ; UNINTERESTING. IV. 
Attention excited : 1, stidium: any 
one’s t, is kept alive by reading, alicujus 
in legendo s. tenetur, Cic. Fam. 5, 12: 
to take an ti. in anything, *studio ali- 
cujus rei teneri. (Studium denotes an 
interest of a warm, eager character: v. 
DEVOTION, ZEAL.) 2, if with ref. to 
the future, exspectatio: what a lively 
z% you excite in my mind about..., 
quantam tu mihi moves ex.! Cic, Att. 
2, 14, init. Also to take an i. in may 
sometimes be expr. by trahi, duci, capi : 
cf. Cic. Off. 1, 6,18, omnes trahimur et 
ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae 
cupiditatem: v. TO ATTRACT, CHARM. 
Phr.: nobody takes any i. in the matter, 
sane quam refrixit, Cic. Q. F. 2, 6, ad fin. : 
so, frigere, to excite no i., fall flat, id. 
Att. 1, 14, 2: they watch the spectacle 
with intense t. and anxiety, erecti sus- 
pensique in spectaculum animo inten- 
duntur, Liv. 1, 25, ad init.: eager ¢%. in 
study, erecta circa studia mens, Quint. 
1,3, 10. VY. Incommerce:  ], fenus, 
bris, m. (gen. term): to advance money 
at a rate of i., pecunias fenori dare, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 2, 70, 170; in fenore ponere, 
Hor. S. 1, 2,13: to lend money to any 
one at high t., pecuniam alicui grandi f. 
occupare, Cic. Fl. 21, 51. 2. isira, 
oft. pl.: to pay any one &., usuram alicui 
pendere, Cic. Att. 12, 20: to yt, 
usuras praestare, solvere, Paul. Dig. 22, 
1,1). <A particular rate of interest is 
expr. by pl., e. g. quincunces usurae, i. e. 
5 ver cent., Paul. Dig. 1. c. (for other 

2E 





rates, see Dict. Ant. p. 526, b). 3. 
impendium (rare in this sense): the 
commons broken down by payment of i., 
plebs debilitata impendiis, Cic. Rep. 2, 
34: cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 36, 183, usur& 
quod in sorte accedebat impendium ap- 
pellatum. Phr.: one (=12, being pad 
monthly) per cent., with compound i., 
centesimae [usurae) cum anatocismo, 
Cic. Att. 5, 21, 8: same expr. in pure 
Lat., cum renovatione singulorum, ib. 
6, 1, 4: money lent on i., pecunia usu- 
raria, Ulp. Dig. 16, 2, 11. 

interested: |. Vaking an interest 
in: €rectus; qui studio tenetur: v. 
INTEREST (IV.). ll. Having a con- 
cern with: Phr.: +. paities, quorum 
res agitur: v. INTEREST (I1.) th. 
Insincere, actuated by selfish motuves : 
perh. anbitiOsus: %. friendships, a. [et 
fucosae]} amicitiae, Cic. Att. 1, 18. 

interesting: jiicundus (gen. term, 
agreeable): nothing could be more <. to 
me, nihil hoc posse mihi esse jucundius, 
Cic. Att. 2, 9,1: @ most i. work, *liber 
jucundissimus fet qui legentem valde 
tenet} So suavis: cf. Cic. Att. 2, 8, 
nulla epistola inanis aliqua re utili et 
suavi, i.e. something important and 
interesting (but suavis is stronger than 
jucundus: cf. Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2, O suaves 
epistolas tuas!). To be i. delectare: 
the very variety is 7. to me, ipsa varietas 
[sermonum opinionumque} me delectat, 
Cic. Att. 2, 15, intt.: absol. to be either 
instructive or 7., aut prodesse aut del, 
Hor. A. P. 333. 

interfere: 1, interpino, pdésui, 
Itum, 3 (strictly, to put oneself between 
parties: with pron. refl. and dat., or 
absol.): do I i. with the Romans, num 
ego me i. Romanis? Flor. 3, 10, 11: 
why do you %., quid te interponis? Cic. 
Div. Verr. 6, 21. 2. immisceo, ui, 
xtum and stum, 2 (to mix oneself up 
with: with acc. of pron. 7vefl. and dat.) : 
they had before i.d in the war with 
Fidenae, Fidenati bello se jam antea 
immiscuerant, Liv. 5, 8: to i. with other 
people's business, im. se negotiis alienis, 
Ulp. Dig. 3, 5, 3 § 10. 8. offéro, 3, 
irr. (same constr. :=to offer one’s aid) : 
you v. with these against their will, his 
invitissimis te offers, Cic. Div. Yerr. 6, 
21: Ulp. Dig. Ll. c. 4. intercédo, ssi, 
ssum, 3 (in order to prevent something ; 
esp. of the tribunes: with dat.): the tir- 
bumes (he said) would not i. with the 
praetor, praetori non intercedere tri- 
bunos, quominus..., Liv. 38, 60: Cic.: 
also absol.: Cic. 5. intervénio, 4 
(with dat. or absol.: to take part, rightly 
or wrongly): at first he only t.dsofar..., 
primo eatenus intervenit, ne..., Suet. 
Tib. 33: v. PART (to take). 6, inter- 
pello, 1 (so as to prevent or hinder : with 
acc., and usu. quin ov quominus): Caesar 
never t.d with my intercourse..., C. 
nunquam interpellavit, quin uterer..., 
Matius in Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2: so, with 
quominus, Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 10 
(dummodo ne interpellent quominus 
respublica a me commede possit admi- 
nistrari): to 7, with any one in the exer- 
cise of his right, int. aliquem in suo 
jure, Caes. B. G. 1, 44, med. 

interference: intercessio (legal; as 
of tribunes, etc.: Vv. TO INTERFERE, 4): 
the tribunicial 7. (or veto), tribunicia i., 
Caes. B. C. 1, 7: Cic. 

interim (swbs.): chiefly in phr., in 
or during the %., interim, dum haec 
aguntur, parantur, etc.: V. MEANWHILE. 
See also INTERVAL, 

interior (ad).): 1, intérior, us: 
t. nations (living in the interior), \. na- 
tiones, Cic. Man. 22, 64. -Veut. pl. used 
absol.: the i. parts of a kingdom, inte- 
riora regni, Liv. 42, 39, imtt. 2. 
internus: Vv. INTERNAL. 

interior (suvbs.): expr. by intérior, 
internus: the i. of a house, pars interior 
aedium, Cic. Sext. 10, 24; domus interior 
Virg. Aen. 1, 637: the t. of the world, 
interna (interiora, v. preced. art., mund’, 
Plin. 2, 1, 1,4. See also INLAND. 

interjacent: interjicens, interjec- 
tus: v TO LIE BETWEEN. 

417 


INTERJECTION 


INTERPRET 





interjection; interjectio, Quint. 1, 


SOE 
‘ interlace: 1. implico, implecto, 
etc.: V. TO ENTWINE. 9. intexo, ui, 
xtum, 3 (with acc. and dat.): to 7. the 
elm and fertile vine, laetis int. vilibus 
ulmos, Virg. G. 2, 221: (veins and arte- 
ries) i.d throughout the body, toto cor- 
pore intextae, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138. 

interlard; Phr.: to i. one’s (dic- 
tion) with Greek words, Graeca verba 
inculcare, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111: he is for 
ever i.ing his narrative with this word, 
non desinit omnibus locis hoc verbum 
infulcire, Sen. Ep. 114, 19: to 7. one’s 
speech with foreign words, patriis inter- 
miscere verba petita foris, Hor. 5. 3, 
10, 29. 

interleave: to 7. a book, *paginis 
libri alias paginas puras intertexere (°). 
interline ; interscribo, psi, ptum, 3 
(to write between the lines): Plin. Ep. 
1,5, 5: also, superscribo, 3 (to write one 
thing above another by way of correc- 
tion): Suet. Ner. §2, extr. 

interlinear : iuterscriptus: v. pre- 
ced art. 

interlineation: expr. by part. of 
interscribo, superscribo: many erasures 
and i.s, multa deleta et superscripta (in- 
terscripta): Suet. Ner. 52, extr. 

interlocutor: expr. by verb: the 
i.s ave ..., loquuntur, disserunt; dis- 
seritur inter ...: v. TO DISCOURSE. 

interloper: *aui se alienis negotiis 
interponit: v. TO INTERFERE. 

interlude; embodlium (app. of a 
ballet-Ikind): Cic. Sext. 54,116. Comic 
z., exodium, Liv. 7, 2, ad jin. 

interlunar: interlinis, e: Amm. 
19, 6. 
*Tatermarriage: connibium (in 
legal sense, the right of %., as between 
patricians and plebeians) : cf. Cic. Rep. 
2, 37, connubia ut ne plebi et patribus 
essent sanxerunt (they made such 7. il- 
legal): he brought forward a bill to 
legalise the i. of the orders, de connubio 
patrum et plebis rogationem promul- 
gavit, Liv. 4, init. Phr.: families 
connected by %., *matrimoniis inter se 
conjunctae familiae. 

intermarry: 1. expr. by connu- 
bium non est (denoting the legal right) : 
v. preced. art. 2. expr. by matri- 
monium (actual marriage): the fami- 
lies had i.’d, *familiae matrimoniis inter 
se conjunctae erant. 

intermeddle: v. TO INTERFERE. 

intermediate: médius: vo 1. state 
between peace and war, inter bellum et 
pacem medium nihil, Cic. Ph. 8, 1, 4: 
2. arts (neither good nor bad per se), m. 
artes, Quint. 2, 20, 1: so, an 7. character, 
m. ingenium, Tac. H. 1, 49. 

interment; sépultira, himatio: v. 
BUBIAL. 

interminable: infinitus: 7. ques- 
tions, i. quaestiones, Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 117. 

interminably: infinité: sine fine. 

intermingle: misceo, intermisceo, 
immisceo, 2. Vv. TO MINGLE, BLEND. 

intermission : 1, intermissio : 
4. of labour at the bar, i. forensis operae, 
Cic. Div. 2, 68, 142: without any 2., sine 
ulla i., Cic. N. D. 1, 41,114: Liv. 2, 
expr. by intermitto, misi, ssum, 3: to 
crow without 7., sic assidue canere, ut 
(aves) nihil intermittant, Cic. Div. 1, 34, 
74: more precisely, nullo puncto tem- 
poris intermisso, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52: 
of labowrevs, ne nocturnis quidem tem- 

oribus ad laborem intermissis, Caes. 

.G. 5, 11: to be marked by total i. (of 
a fever), ex toto intermittere, Cels. 3, 
14. 3, rémissio (partial %., of a 
fever): Gels) 25.10; manedss ibs 3; 3: 
Phr.: (the fever) is subject to an t. of 
one day, unum diem integrum praestat, 
Cels. 3, 3: the pain has i.s, dolor dat in- 
tervalla, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 95. 

intermit: intermitto, 3: v. preced. 
art. 

intermittent; Phr.: an i. fever, 
febris quae ex toto intermittit, Cels. 3, 
3, init.; febris genus quod circuitu quo- 
dam redit, cf. Cels. 1. c.: the chief species 
of 7. fevers are there given, e. g. quoti- 

413 








diana, tertiana, quartana (quae altero, 
tertio, quarto quoque die revertuntur). 
intermittently: brevi tempore 
[certo tempore] intermisso v. TO IN- 
TERMIT. (Sometimes identidem, ever 
and anon; subinde, from time to time, 
now and then, may serve.) 
intermix; intermisceo, 2: Col.: 
Virg.: v. TO MIX. 
intermixture: V. MIXTURE. 
internal: 1, intestinus (esp. in 
fig. sense): an 7. and domestic evil, i. 
ac domesticum malum, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 
15, 39: Sall. 2, internus (like pre- 
ced.): Tac. See also INTERIOR. o: 
with ref. to political affairs; ddmes- 
ticus: by i. resources or foreign aid, vel 
d. opibus vel externis auxiliis, Caes. 
B.C. 2, 5: t. foes, d. hostes, Cic. Vat. 
10, 25. So sometimes expr. by domi: 
peace abroad is followed by i. discord, 
paci externae continuatur discordia 
domi, Liv. 2, 54, mit. Phr.: the i. 





parts of the body, ea quae sunt intus in 
corpore, Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 18. 
internally: 1, pénitus. cf. Cic. 
Cat. 1, 13, 31, inclusum penitus [peri- 
culum] in venis atque in visceribus rei- 
publicae : also, Cels. 5, 26,7. 2, intus: 
Vv. WITHIN. 
international: Phr.: 7. kno, jus 
gentium (as generally underscood, not 
necessarily embodied in enactments) : 
Cic. Off. 3, 5,233 more precisely, *jura ac 
leges quae inter nationes sancta suut, de 
quibus inter omnes nationes convenit. 
internecine ; internécivus (-nus) : 
Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7 (i. bellum): Just. 
Phr.: ¢. wars, bella quae ad interne- 
cionem gesta sunt, Nep. Kum. 3. 
internuncio; internuntius: Cic. 
interpolate: 1, corrunipo, rupi, 
ptum, 3 (to tamper with in any way): 
V. TO FALSIFY, CORRUPT. Q. (?) inter- 
polo, 1: to cancel, alter, t%. (a docu- 
ment), aliquid demere, mutare, int., Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 61, 158 (but perh. the sense is 
rather to patch up and blend together). 
Phr.: many lines have been 7.’d, multi 
sunt versus spurii, insiticii: v. foll. art. 
interpolation: expr. by insiticius : 
some have looked upon these lines as an 
z., quidam hos versus pro insiticiis ha- 
buerunt, Orell. ad Hor. Od. 4, 4, 21. See 
also SPURIOUS. 
interpolator : 
FALSIFY. 


corruptor : TO 
interpose: |. To introduce be- 
tween : ]. interpono, posui, itum, 3 
(not) to i. a single word, verbum ullum 
int., Cic. Quint. 4, 15. 9. oppono, 3 
(esp. to present by way of defence): v. 
TO PRESENT. Il. Yo interfere: (me) | 
interpono; intercedo (by legal right): 
v. TO INTERFERE. II]. Zo throw in a 
remark: Phr.: he i.s the remark, inter 
alias res jacit, Sall. Jug. 11, ad jin.: in 
reporting dialogue, inquam, inquit, are 
precise enough. 
interposition: |. 4 placing _be- 
tween : j, interpositio: Cic.: Vitr. 
2. expr. by interpono, 3: v. TO 
PLACE BETWEEN. |. Position be- 
tween : 1, interpdsitus, ts (prob. 
only in abl.): by the i. of the earth (in 
an eclipse), interpositu interjectuque 
terrae, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 104. Q. in- 
terjectus, tis (like preced.): v. supr. 
3, expr. by interpono, interjicio: 
by the i. of the earth, terra interposita 


Vv. 


s. interjecta: v. TO PLACE BETWEEN. 
4. interventus: v. INTERVENTION. 


Ill. Znterference: interventus, Us 
(esp. in abl.): Suet. Caes. 18: Traj in 
Plin. Ep. 10, 69 (68). Phr.: by the 1. 
of Providence, Dei beneficio: cf. Cic. 
Fam. 11, 22, nobilissimum adolescentem 
tuo beneficio esse salvum: v. FAVOUR, 
KINDNESS. See also INTERFERENCE. 

interpret: 1. interprétor, 1: to 
i. portents, monstra int., Cic. Div. 1, 6, 
12: to%. the predictions of seers, vatum 
praedicta int., Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 30: esp 
lo put a certain interpretation or con- 
struction upon: Cic.: Tac. 2. ex- 
plico,. explano: v. TO EXPiAIN. 3) 
conjicio, jéci, ctum, 3 (esp. ef dreams or 
oracles): tot. a dream, somnium c., Pl. 


INTERRUPTEDLY 


Curc. 2, 2, 3: he i.’d the oracle abou$ 
kissing his mother so shre. dly, de matre 
suavianda ex oraculo tam acute cone 
jecit, Cic. Br 14, init. Phr.: ting im 
a different manner the oracle of Apollo, 
alio spectare ratus vocem Pythicam, 
Liv. 1, 56, fin. 
interpretation: 1. interprétatio: 
thet. of the law, i. juris, Cic. Ott. 1, 10, 
333 of prodigies and dreams, ostentorum 
et somniorum, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 203. 
(N.B.—Including both the act and the 
interpretation itself.) Y¥, conjectio 
(only of dreams, etc.): Cic. Div. 2, 63, 
jin.: in similar sense, conjectura, ib. 1, 
36, init. 3, interprétamentum (the 
i. itself): a@ someuhaé obscure %., ob- 
scurius i., Gell. 6, 2, init.: Petr. Phr.:; 
to put a bad it. upon anything, aliquid 
male interpretari, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 77: 
v. CONSTRUCTION (1V.). 
interpreter: |, In gen. sense: 
. interpres, étis, c. (strictly, a 
speaker on behalf of some one): speech 
the i. of the mind, int. mentis oratio, 
Cic. Leg. 1, 10, fin.: an %. of portents, 
{conjector et] int. portentorum, id. Div. 
2, 28, 62: grammavians, the is of the 
poets, grammatici, int. poetarum, ib. 1, 
18, 34. 2, conjector (of dreams, etc.): 
Cic. (v. supr.): Quint. J, Specially, 
one who interprets joreign language: 
interpres: the letter was read by an t., 
literae per i. lectae sunt, Liv. 27, 43, med. 
interpunction: Vv. PUNCTUATION. 
aaterresnum : interregnum: Cic.: 
iv. 
interrogate: interrogo, 1: 
ASK, QUESTION. 
interrogation: vote of z., signum 
interrogationis (R. and A.) 
interrogative: interrogativus (only 
as gram.t.t.): Prise 17,48(p.1059): M.L. 
Phr.: to pursue the t. method of teach- 
ing, percunctando et interrogando eli- 
cere discipulorum opiniones, Cic. Fin. 2, 
I, 2 (de elencho Socratico). 
interrogatively: interrogative : 
Ascon. in Verr. 2, 1, 56. 
interrogatory: V. INTERROGATIVE 5 
QUESTION. 
interrupt: 1, interrumpo, ripi, 
ruptum, 3 (to break off, cut short, in 
whatever way): @ shower of missiles 
id the speech, mediam orationem int. 
tela immissa, Caes. B. C. 3, 19: PI: 
rarely with personal object: had not the 
arrival of the doctor t.’d us, ni medici 
adventus nos interrupisset, Varr. R. R. 
2, I, init. 9, dirimo, émi, emptum, 
3 (to terminate altugether ; whereas in- 
terrumpo may denote only a temporary 
pause): V. TO BREAK OFF. 8. inter- 
pello, 1 (strictly, to t. a ; whe- 
ther with friendly intent or not): I 
won't i. you, nihil te interpellabo, [con- 
tinentem orationem audire malo], Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 8, 16: in gen. sense, to v7. any 
one when engaged upon his profession, 
aliquem intentum arti suae i., Curt. 9, 
4, ad fin. 4. interfari, 1 (= preced.: 
rare): when he began to speak he vas i.’d 
by Phaeneas, orsum eum dicere, Phaeneas 
interfatus ... ait, Liv. 32, 34, init. 5. 
obstrépo, ui, itum, 3 (with dat.: to bawl 
at a speaker so as to cuuse him to de- 
sist): as Claudius was i.’d (by the people), 
quum Claudio obstreperetur, Liv. 43, 
16: Sall. Cat. 31, fin. Join: ob- 
strepere [ingenti clamore] et medios 
sermones intereypere, Quint. 6, 4, I. 
6. obléquor, ciitus, 3 (by speaking 
in opposition: with dat.): those who 
had id and contradicted him most de- 
fiantly, qui ferocissime oblocuti erant, 
Curt. 10, 2, extr. Join: interpellare 
et obloqui, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, init. ie 
intervénio, véni, ntum, 4 (to come in or 
between while something is going on: 
usu. with dat.). ef. Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 14, 
ne molesti vobis interveniremus, i. e. 
should intrude upon you: night %.’d the 
engagement, nox proelio intervenit, Liv. 
23, 18, med. Phr.: @ plain id by 
hills, planities collibus intermissa, Caes, 
BiG. 4,/40: 
interruptedly ; interrupté: Cic. de 
Or. 2, 80, extr. 


v. TO 


INTERRUPTION 


interruption: |. he act of in- 
terruptuig: 1, interpellatio (strictly, 
of a speech): Cic. de Or, 2, 10, init... in 
gen. sense, to pursue literary studies 
without any 7., in literis sine ulla int. 
versari, Cic. Fam 6, 18, extr. 2. in- 
terfatio (in speech, by some one else put- 
ting ina word: rare); safe against ¢., 
contra [verba atqueJ interfationes ar- 
matuis, Cic. Sext. 36, 79. 8. expr by 
verb: without i., *nullo interpellant=: 
to overawe %., *obstrepentibus atque ser- 
mones iutercipieniibus metem injicere : 
V.TOINTERRUPT Phr.: to enjoy one- 
self without %., se oblectare sine inter- 
pellatoribus, Cic. de Off 3, 14, iit.: 
without %. (without leaving off), wullo 
tempore intermisso (¥. [INTERMISSION ) : 
i. of correspondence, intermissio episto- 
larum, Cic. Fan. 7, U3. I. Vhe in- 
terruption itself: iuterpellatio, inter- 
latio: v. supr. Pbr.: I am 120 i. to the 
amusements of my slaves, nor they to 
my studies, nec ipse mevrum lusibus 
nec illi studiis meis obstrepunt, Plin. 
Ep. 2,17, 24: @ voice is a yreater i. to me 
(in study) than @ mere noise, Magis mibi 
vox avocare videtur quam crepitus, Sen, 
56, 4. (N.B.—Interruptio, very late and 
rare.) 
intersect: 1. séco, ui, ctum, 1: 
esp. with medius in appos. with object: 
the Tiber i.s the country, medios (Ti- 
beris) agros s., Plin. 5, 6, 12: Plin. alt.: 
Hor. Q. interséco, 1: Amm. 29, ad 
jin. (Tiberis media intersecans moenia). 
Phr.: this is id by another line, per 
hunc medium transversa currit alia 
linea, Plin. 18, 34, 77, initt.: to draw 
two lines i.ing each other obliquely, duas 
lineas in decusses ducere obliquas, Plin. 
l.c. See also TO DIVIDE, 
intersection: décussatio (point of 
t. of two lines): Vitr. 1,6, (Or expr. 
by verb: v. preced. art. Intersectio in 
quite different sense in Vitr.) 
intersperse: 1, misceo, 2: cf. 
Hor. S. 1, 10, 21, verbis Graeca Latinis 
miscuit: or, intermisceo, ib. {, 10, 29, 
2. distinguo, xi, ctum, 3 (to set off 
or vary one thing by another): fo 7. 
serious matters with relaxation, graviora 
opera lusibus d., Plin. Ep. 8, 21, 2: cf. 
Cic. Part. 4, 12, (res) varietate dis- 
tinguere. Phr.: tot. the gay and the 
severe, laeta tristibus intexere, Cic. |. c, 
Cinterspergo only in Apul.) 
interspersed (part. adj.): immix- 
tus: v. TO MINGLE. Interspersed here 
and there, (?) rarus: v. FEW (3). 
interstice: 1, commissira: the 
t. between two stones, c. lapidum, Sen. 
N. Q. 2, 6, 5: cf. id. Ben. 7, 21, extr.: v. 
JOINT. 2. intervénium (a minute 
passage or cavity): cf. Vitr. 2, 5, 1, 
ignis per intervenia permunans efficit 
levem eamterram: Pall. 3, foramen, 
Inis, n.: invisible 7.s, invisibilia f., Cels. 
pref. med. 4, rima: v. CHINK. 
intertwine: intertexo, ui, xtum, 3 
(with acc. and dat.): Ov. Sve also To 
ENTWINE. 
interval : 1, intervallam (of 
space or time) : equal 7.s, paria i., Caes. : 
to follow at wide is, magnis sequi i., 
Liv. 1, 25, med.: after so long an i., 
ex tanto i., Liv. 3, 38, med.. without any 
z., nullo interjecto i., Cic. Fis. 2, 34, 
114. 2. spitium (esp. in connexion 
with prep. inter: sp. interjectum, Cic. 
in Kr.) beams placed at equal i.s, trabes 
paribus intermissae sp., (ean B. G. 4, 
23: an % of 30 days, sp. Xxx. dierum, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3), 96: after a brief i., 
brevi sp. intermisso, Cues. B. G. 3, 75. 
3, expr. by part. interjectus: vast 
ts (between the halitable portions) of 
desert, vastae solitudines int, Cic. Rep. 
6, 19 esp. of time: after an i. of a 
Jew days. paucis int. diebus, Liv. 1, 58, 
init. ; o/ a year, auno int., Suet. Aug, 26: 
80, spatio interposits, Cic. Clu. 2,5 Caes. 
4, interjecius, is (of time: rar). 
Tac.: Col. Plir.: to allow an i., spa- 
tium interponere, Caes. B. C. 3, 75: 
there had been an i. of 10 years between 
-... decem anni interfinxissent inter 
:» + Cic. Sen. 6, 16+ interfuerant, ib. 





INTESTINE 


17, 60. in the i., interim, Ter.: Cic. 
(Vv. MEANWHILE): at is (of time), 
subinde, Cul. 6, 30; Suet.; at frequent 
is, identidem (v. REVEATEDLY)~ in lucid 
i.8, *per remissiones furoris: v. INTER- 
MISSION. 
intervene: , To be between: in- 
terjaceo. 2; Liv.: Piin. I]. Yo come 
between two points of time : 1. inter- 
cédo, ssi, ssum, 3: a few days i.d, inter- 
cessere pauci dies, Liv. 2, 64, med.: Cic. 
2, inierfluo, si, xu, 3 (to elapse 
between) Cic. Sen. 6, 16. 3: 
sum, w7.: Cic. Sen. 17, 60. Ill. Zo 
happen so as to prevent: intervénio, 
veni, ntum, 3 (with dat.): had not night 
id and terminated the engayement, ni 
nox prvelio intervenisset, Liv. 23, 18, 
med. See also TO HAPPEN. IV. Zo 
take part in: interpono (with pron, 
refl.), e1C.; V. TO INTERFERE. 


intervening: médius: v. INTER- 
MEDIATE. 
intervention: interventus, is 


(chiefly in abl.): (the sun is hidden) by 
the ti. of the moon, interventu lunae, 
Plin. 2, to, 7: for tig. sense, v. INTER- 
FERENCE, INTERPOSITION. 

interview : 1, colléquium: v. 
CONFERENCE. Also colléciitio, denoting 
the conversation at an interview rather 
than the interview itself: Cic. Pb. 11, 2, 
5. 2. congressus, tis: if I have an i. 
with Caesar, si quis c. mibi fuerit cum 
Caesare, Cic. Att. 11, 12, med.: to come 
to an i. and conference with any one, in 
alicujus c. colloquiumque venire, Cic. 
Ph. 12, 11, init.: that he had nightly i.s 
with the goddess, sibi cum dea nocturnos 
c. esse, Liv. 1, 19, med. Phr.: not to 
allow 7.8 to those who ask, aditum peten- 
tibus conveniendi non dare. Nep. Paus. 
3: toadmit to an 7., admittere, Cic, Att. 
13, 52: Suet.: to have an i. with any 


inter- | 


INTO 





to have been a priestly term for what 
| Were in other relations called viscera.) 
inthrall: v. To eNsi.a\ £. 
intimacy : 1, consuétido, inis, 
J. (habitual intercourse): to woim one- 
self into i. with any ome, in alicujus c. 


insinuare (se), Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 3: Vv. IN- 
TERCOURSE. More fully, consuetudo et 
familiaritas, Cic. Quint. 3, 12. ee 


familiaritas (that stute which results 
from consuetudo, intimate friendship : 
ef. Cic, Deiot. 14, 39, famitiaritatem con- 
suetudo attulit): the is of wise men, 
sapientium fumiliaritates (opp. to com- 
mon friendships, vulgares amicitiae), 
Cic. Am. 21, init. 3. vécessitido, 
inis, J. (very close connexion): Join: 


| Summa necessitudo et summa ce njunctio, 


Cic. Fam. 13,27. Phr.: to be un terms 
of t. with any one, aliquu familiariter 
uti, cum aliquo f, vivere, Cic.: v. m- 
TIMATELY. 

intimate: 1. familiaris, e (/friend- 
ly: with dat.) Cic. Am. 11, 39: i. 
| friends, f. amici, Plin. Ep. 9, 34, 1: to 
engage in %. conversation, f. conferre 
sermones, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 39. ery i, 
pertamiliaris, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13. fin. (also 
familiarissimus, Cic. Sull. 29, 57). PN 
intimus (innermost ; stronger than pre- 
ced.): to gain a person’s it. friendship, 
alicujus in i. amivitiam pervenire, Nep. 
Alc. 5: very 1. friendship, i. familiaritas, 
id. Att. 12. Freq. as subs. =a very i. 
JSriend (“bosom friend”), Cic. Cat. 2, 
5, 9. Join: [ex meis) intimis atque 
familiarissimis, Cic. Fam. 13, 27. 2 
conjunctus (connected : in present sense, 
esp. in comp. and superl.) : that we may 
be more t. with each other than hereto- 
fore, ut inter nos conjunctiores simus 
quam adhuc fuimus, Cic. Att. 14, 13, B. 
Phr.: to become very i. with any one, 
in alicujus consuetudinem penitus im- 





one, congredi cum aliquo, Cic. Att. 2, 24, | mergere, Cic. Clu. 13, 36 (v. InTIMAcy): 


init. ; sermonem cum aliquo habere (v. 
CONVEBSAaTION). 
interweave: 1, intertexo, ui, 
xtum, 3: @ cloak interwoven with gold, 
chlamys auro intertexta, Virg.: Quint. 
2, intexo, 3: she interwove purple 
letters with the white threads, purpureas 
notas tilis intexuit,Ov. Fig.: the veins 
are interwoven with the whole body, 
venae toto corpore intextae (sunt), Cic. 


to have an i. knowledge o/ any subject, 
aliquam rem penitus perspectam cogni- 
tamque habere, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 108. 
V. PROFOUND; and cf, foll. art. (N.B.— 
Not intimus in exactly this sense.) 
intimate (v.): 1. significo, 1 
(strictly, to show by signs; hence, in 
any way): somei. by a nod what they 
wish, pars nutu s. quid velit, Ov. M. 3, 
643: Caes.: v. TOINDICATE. 2, dénun- 


N. D. 2, 55, 138: tot. the gay with the | tio, 1 (to give notice to): the deity may 


severe, laeta tristibus i., Cic. Part. 4, 12. 
3, implico, implecto: v. TO EN- 

TWINE. 

intestacy: v. foll. art. 

intestate: intestatus: to die 7., int. 
mori, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, 53: Traj. in 
Plin. Ep. Also in adv. form, intestato 
(mori), Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 177; ab intes- 
tato (h redem esse), Ulp. Dig. 37,7, 1,68 

intestinal: ad intestina pertinens : 
V. INTESTINE (subs. }, 


intestine (adj.): intestinus: 7. wars, | Cic. 


i. bella, Sall. Cat. 5. Join: intestinus 
ac domesticus: Vv. INTERNAL. 
intestine (subs): |. In special 
sense; a gut, bowel: , intestinum ; 
usu. in pl.: by the contraction and ex- 
pansion of the is, adstringentibus se 
int., tum relaxuntibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 
138: Cels, Q, intéraneum (less. freq.) : 
Plin. 32, 9, 33° more treq. pl., Col.: 
Plin. 8. interna, orum (only p/.): 
Veg. 4, ilia, ium, pl. (the flanic, 
loins ; hence, the lon er i.s, esp. of certain 
animals, considered a delicacy): the is 
of a turbot, rhombi i., Hor. S. 2, 8, 30: 
Mart. 5, lactis, is, /., very rare in 
sing.; the smailer is, in man or a 
Sheep; the same «rgans were in other 
animals called hillae, arum, Plin. 11 37, 
19, § 2co I]. In wider sense, the in- 
ternal parts generally: J, exta, orum 
(the upper organs ; heart, lungs, liver, 
etc.): Cic. Div. 2, 12, 28, sqq. 2. 
viscéra, um (including the whwle of the 
vitals, upper and lo er): cf. Plin. 11, 
37,77, where it is stated that the exta 
ure separated from the lower part of the 
viscera by the diaphragm: but Cels. 
does not include the intestines in the 
viscera, cf. 4, 11, tmit., a visceribus ad 
intestina veniendum est. (Kxta seems 


seem to nave i.d to us that ..., a deo de- 
ountiatum videatur, Cic, ‘l'use. 1, 49, 118. 

intimately: 1, familiariver (as 
afriend): Vv. FAMILIARLY. Fig.: to be 
z. acquainted with a case, causam f. 
nosse, Quint. 6, 4, 8. Q, intimé (most 
intimately): to be very i. acquainted 
with any one, aliquo i. uti, Nep. Att. 
5: Cic. 8. conjuncté (in close con- 
nexion): to livesoi. with any one, cum 
aliqno adeo c. vivere, Nep. Att to: 
4, pénitus (thoroughly, deeply): 
to make oneself ti. acquainted with any- 
thing, aliquid p. pernoscere, Cic. de Or. 
i, 5, 17: V. THOROUGHLY. 

intimation: 1. significatio (in- 

ication; esp. by signs): t. being given 
by fires, s. ignibus facta, Caes. B. G. 2, 33: 
Cic. 2, dénuntiatio (nrre detinite than 
preced., by words) : ct. Cic. Div. 2, 25, 54, 
significatio et quast denuntiatio calami- 
tatum. 3. signum (sign, symptom): 
physicians derive i.s from the pulse, me- 
dicis. quaedam habent ex venis, Cic. Div. 
2, 70,145: Virg. To jurnish is, signi- 
ficare, denuntiare: v. TO INTIMATE. 

intimidate: 1, expr. by métus, 
timor, anda verb. e.g. alicui metum in- 
jicere, Caes. B.G. 4, 19; afferre.Cic, Verr. 
2, 2, 54,135; inlerre, Liv. 26, 20, med. ; 
etc.: v. TO INSPIRE (I1.). 2. terreo, 
déterreo, 2: v. TO TERRIFY : ¥. foll. art. 

intimidation: 1. terriciila, orum 
(means of terrifying: rare). to influ- 
ence by threats or 7.8, minis, erriculis 
movere, Liv. 34, I. 2. minue, arum 
(threats, menaces): Join: minis t vi 
ac metu, Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247. Phr.: 
to resort to menaces und 7%., minas jac- 
tare, pericula intendere, formidines op- 
ponere, Cic. Quint. 14, 47. 

into: in with acc.: passim. 

419 


INTOLERABLE 


intolerable: 1, intdlérabilis, e: 
Cic. 9. intdlérandus: Cic.: Liv.: 
Tac. 3. impitibilis, e (rare): 7%. suf- 
Serings, imp. cruciatus, Plin. 25, 5, 24: 
Cic. Fin. 2, 17, extr. (q. v-)- 4, into- 
lérans, ntis (late and rare): Flor. Gell. 

intolerably: ], intolérabiliter 
(very rare): Col. 9. intoléranter : 
cf. Cic. Tusc. 2,9, extr., int. dolere; de 
Or. 2, 52, init., intolerantius se jactare : 
but the sense appears to be, without 
controlling oneself, rather than intole- 
rably. 3. usu. better expr. by tole- 
rari, ferri non posse: an i. painful dis- 
ease, *morbus cujus dolores majores 
sunt quam ut tolerari possint: v. TO 
ENDURE. 

intolerance: nearest word, intole- 
rantia (overbearing, violent conduct) : 
Join: superbia et int., Cic. Clu. 40, fin. 

intolerant; intdlerans, utis (that 
cannot brook): Tac. H. 4, 80. Phr.: 
he was 7. in matters of opinion, *opini- 
ones a suis discrepantes aegre patie- 
batur. 

intonation; nearest word, accentus, 
lis (tone, pitch): v. Forcell. s. v. 

intone; Phr.: to %. prayers, *pre- 
ces canere; cantu quodam praeire. 

intoxicate; ébrium facio s. reddo: 
V. DRINK. 

intoxicating (adj): Phr.: to ab- 
stain from i. drinks, *omni potus ge- 
nere abstinere, quod temulentiam facit, 
ef. Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 31: those who do so, 
sicci (faceté), Hor. Od. 1, 18, 3. 

intoxication: ébriétas: v. DRUNK- 
ENNEss. In a state of i., ebrius, temu- 
lentus, vino madens: v. DRUNK. 

intractable: 1, intractabilis, e 
(unmanageable): Join: (natura) intr. 
et morosus, Gell. 18, 7; dura et intr. 
[aetas}], Sen. Ep. 25, 1. 9, dirus 
(hard, unyielding): v. supr. 3. in- 
docilis, €: Vv. INDOCILE. 4, inobsé- 
quens, ntis: because the subject-matter 
of the art is %., quia id in quo exercetur 
{ars}, arti inobsequens est, Sen. N. Q. 1, 
pret. extr. 

intractableness: natura intracta- 
bilis: v. preced. art. 

intransitive: intransitivus: Prise. 

intransitively : intransitivé : Prisc. 

intrench: |. To fortify with 
ditch and parapet : 1, expr. by val- 
lum, fossa, and a verb: e. g. vallo et 
fossa munire, Caes. B. G. 2, 5, extr.; 
vallo circummunire, ib. 305  sepire, 
Liv. 6, 2, med. (cingere, circumdare, 
with hostile intent, for siege). OA 
vallo, 1: Tac. H. 2, 19. Il. Fig.: to 
invade, infringe: imminuo, infringo: 
V. TO INFRINGE, TRESPASS UPON. 

intrenched (part. adj.): vallatus: 
an e. camp, castra v., Hirt. B. Alex. 27, 


med. 

intrenchment: 1. vallum (ram- 
part with palisades): to surround a 
town with is (for a siege), oppidum 
cingere vallo et fossa, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 
med.; circumdare, id. Fam. 15, 4, med. 

, munimentum, munitio (any 

Fortifications): to keep within one’s i.s, 
tenere se munimentis, Tac. A. 13, 36; 
so, defendere se munimentis, id. H. 5, 
20: the work of %., munitionis opus, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 8: to carry i.s round a 
city, munitiones circumdare, Just. 4, 4. 
Phr.: no one (now) forms a camp 
with a regular t., nemo ductis fossis 

raefixisque sudibus castra constituit, 

eg. Mil. 1, 21. 

intrepid: intrépidus, 
confidens, etc.: Vv. FEARLESS. 

intrepidity: fortitido, animus in- 
trepidus: v. BRAVERY. 

intrepidly : intrépide : 
LESSLY. 

intricacy: 1, contortio: ts of 
language, contortiones orationis, Cic. 
Fat. 8, extr.: Aug. 2, expr. by im- 
plicatus, contortus, tortudsus: there was 
no i., Dil implicatum aut tortuosum fuit, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 3: cf. foll. art. 

intricate: 1. contortus: to study 
%. matters, res c. perdiscere, Cic. de Or. 
1, 58, fin. Dimin. contortulus (petty 
as well as puzzling), Cic. Trsc. 2, 18, 42 

420 


impavidus, 


Vv. FEAR- 








INTRODUCE 


(contortulae ac mipnutae conclusiun- 
culae). 2. implicatus: v. preced. 
art. fin. 3. tortudsus (lit. winding, 
as the intestines, alvus multiplex et t., 
Cic. N. D. 2, 54, fin.: also fig.): an 7. 
kind of reasoning, t. genus disputandi, 
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, init. Join: tortuosis- 
simus et implicatissimus, Aug. 4. 
perplexus (entangled: hence, in fig. 
sense): an i. (winding) journey, p. iter, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 391: an t. system, Tatio 
p., Plin. 2, 15, 13. 5, inextricabilis, 
e (hard to thread): %. maze (of the La- 
byrinth), in. error, Virg. Aen. 6, 27 (in 
same sense, itinerum ambages occur- 
susque ac recursus inexplicabiles, Plin. 
36, 13, 19, § 85). 6, impéditus (pre- 
senting many obstacles) : V. DIFFICULT. 

intricately: 1, contorté:Cic. 2, 
perplexe : Prud. 

intrigue (subs.): |, An underhand 
scheme : 1, clandestinum consilium 
(or consilium alone where the nature of 
the scheme is implied in the context) : 
to assail any one by i.s, cl. consiliis ali- 
quem oppugnare, Crass. in Cic. Or. 66, 
223: cf. Cic. Sen. 12, 40, cum hostibus 
clandestina colloquia: v. SCHEME. 24, 
artificia, orum: cf. Caes. in Cic. Att. 9, 
4, A, quorum artifictis effectum est, ut 
respublica in hunc statum perveniret. 
Phr.: to seek to gain one’s ends by t., 
dolis atque fallaciis contendere, Sall. Cat. 
II; so, furtim et malis artibus niti, cf. 
id. Jug. 4: by the ts (dishonest, mali- 
cious ane) of a few, calumnia pau- 
corum, Sall. Cat. 30. I]. 42 amour : 
stupri consuetudo, Sall. Cat. 23: in pl., 
amores, adulteria, Cic. Coel. 15, 35. 

intrigue (v.): fallaciis, dolis, fraude 
contendo, nitor: v. preced. art. 

intriguer: artificiorum, tallaciarum, 
ete. peritus; qui consilia clandestina 
concoquit, consiliis clandestinis oppugnat 
(aliquem): v. INTRIGUE. 

intrinsic: perh. vérus: v. REAL. 
Phr.: iz has no i. worth, *res ipsa per 
se nullius pretii est. 

intrinsically: perh. véeré: v. REALLY. 
Cf. preced. art. 

introduce: |. 70 bring into a 
place; esp. into some one’s presence: 

1, intrddiico, xi, ctum, 3: he i.s the 
soldiers by night, noctu milites intro- 
ducit, Sall. Jug 12: to be id into the 
king’s presence, ad regem introduci, 
Curt. 6, 7, med.: Cic. 9. indiico, 3: 
to t. into the presence of the senate, ind. 
in Senatum, Plin. Ep. 2, 12, iit. Il. 
To introduce a character in a dialogue, 
etc.: 1, indaco, 3: J have i.d them 
as speaking in person, quasi ipsos in- 
duxi loquentes, Cic. Am. 1, 3: id. Tusc. 
Prin pale 2. fingo, nxi, ctum, 3 (to 
represent) : ct. Quint. 9, 2, 32, sermo 
fingi non potest, ut non personae sermo 
fingatur, ‘conversation cannot be id, 
without a speaker being i.d too:”’ v. TO 
REPRESENT. Phr,: to i. as speaker in 
a dialogue, in dialogum includere, Cic. 
Att. 12, 19, 3. Ill. Yo bring ina 
custom 07 practice : 1, indiico, 3: to 
t. a custom, aliquid in [nostros] mores 
ind., Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 121: to 7. a new 
word, novum verbum ind., Cic. Ph. 13, 
19, 43. 2, introduco, 3: from this 
sort of a beginning the custom was id, 
ex hujuscemodi principio consuetudo 
introducta est, Cic. Verr. 3, 82, 189: to 
i. a precedent, exemplum int., Liv. (Kr.). 
3, instituo, i, itum, 3 (with ref. to 

general observances or customs): (Arce- 
silas) i.d the custom that..., instituit 
ut..., Cic. Fin. 2,1, 2: with ellipsis of 
ut, Suet. Caes. 41, extr., instituit. ..quo- 
tannis subsortitio fieret, “he id the 
practice,” etc.: V. TO INSTITUTE. 4. 
invého, xi, ctum, 3 (lit. and fig. to im- 
port: with direct ace): to %. many 
(new) arts, multas artes inv., Liv. 9, 8, 
ad init. Phr.: to 7. many changes, 
multa mutare, novare (v. TO CHANGE, 
INNOVATE): words id from abroad, 
verba foris petita, Hor. S. I, 10, 29: to 
i. new words, nova verba adsciscere, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 119 (v. TO ADOPT): to 7. 
many innovations, multa nova afferre, 
Nep. (R. and A.). IV. Yo make 





INTUITION 





known one person to another : 
introdiico, 3 (usu. of admission to the 
presence of the great): cf. Cic. Att. 1, 
16, 2, introductiones adolescentnlorum 
nobilium, 2, commendo, t (esp. by 
letter): Caes. in Cic. Fam. 7, 5, med.: 
Hor. : v. TO RECOMMEND. 8, trado, 
idi, itum, 3: Hor. S. 1, 9, 47. Join: 
laudare et tradere, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 3. 
(Cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, fin., totum hominem 
tibi trado de manu, ut aiunt, in manum.) 
introducer: if of new things, nova- 
tor: Gell. (More freq. expr. by verb: 
V. TO INTRODUCE.) ‘ 
_ introduction: |. Theact of bring- 
ing in: J, inductio (in most senses) : 
i. of young men (into a circus), i. juve- 
num, Liv. 44,9; of characters, perso- 
narum [ficta] i., Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 205. 
2. expr. by verb: to fear the i. of 
a precedent, vereri, ne exemplum intro- 
ducatur : v. TO INTRODUCE. IL. Ax 7. 
to a person: intrdductio: Cic. Att. 1, 
16, 2 (in bad sense). Phr.: to give a 
person an %. to any one, commendare 
aliquem alicui, Caes. in Cic. Fam. 7, 
5, med. (Vv. TO INTRODUCE, 1V.): a person 
whom it is not easy to get an %. to, ad 
quem aditus difficiliores sunt, cf. Cic. 
Fam. 6, 13, med.: a letter of 7., literae 
commendaticiae, Cic. Fam. 5, 5, init. 
lll. Preliminary portion of a speech 
or work: 1, prooemium (strictly to 
a poem; but also of a treatise): Cic. : 
Col.: Plin.: v. EXORDIUM. 9. exor- 
dium (esp. of @ speech): @ meagre, com- 
mon-place %., ex, exile, vulgare atque 
commune, Cic, de Or. 2, 77, extr.: Plin. 
8. principium: Quint.: v. BEGIN- 
NING. 4, praefatio (a formal pre- 
amble): v. PREFACE, 5. intrditus, 
Us (prelude; also in gen, sense: rare) : 
cf. Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3, primus introitus in 
causam Clodianae fabulae: this 7. to my 
defence, hic i, defensionis, Cic. Coel. 2, 
init.: Plin. 6, prolégéména, On, n. (a4 
learned introduction not class.): Wolf: 
Griesb. (N.B.—Aditus, aggressio, in Cic. 
Or. 15, jim., are purely metaphorical.) 
Phr.: to make a brief 7., pauca prae- 
fari (v. TO PREMISE): in delivering the 
t. of a speech, in exordienda oratione, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 119. 
introductory: expr. by exordium, 
prooemium ; praefari: v. preced. art. 
introspection: Phr.: to be given 
to 7., *ipsum se suosque animi motus 
diligentius inspicere. 
intrude: |. Trans.: usu, foll. 
by pron, refl.: 1, inculco, « (with 
pron. refl. and dat.): they t. themselves 
upon us (lit. on our ears), se inculcant 
auribus nostris, Cic.de Or. 2, 5,19. 2, 
ingéro, ssi, stum, 3 (same constr.): in 
Plin. Pan. 86, used absol., non ex inge- 
rentibus (sc. se) sed ex subtrahentibus, 
not from those who i.d themselves (pushed 
themselves forward), but from the re- 
tiring (constr. not to be followed). 3, 
intrudo, si, sum, 3 (once only): Join: 
inferre se et intrudere [al. intro dare), 
Cic. Caec. 5, 13: v. Long. a. 1. (But 
infero cannot be used alone in this 
sense.) Il. Intrans.: expr. by 
mOlestus, molestias exhibere, etc.: ef. 
Cic. Sen. 2, jin., nisi molestum est, 
“unless it would be intruding tvo 
much :”’ noi to i. too much upon your 
patience, *ne molestus fiam; ne auri- 
bus vestris me inculcando molestias ex- 
hibere videar. 
intruder: qui se inculcat, ingerit ; 
molestus homo: v. preced. art. 
intrusion: expr. by verb: v. To 
INTRUDE. 
intrusive: qui se infert atque in- 
trudit: v. TO INTRUDE. 
intrusively ; ddidsé (in an offensive 
way, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 262, odiose 
interpellare), mdlesté (cf. Curt. 3, 6, 
med., so as to give trouble or worru): v. 
OFFENSIVELY. More fully, *se inferendc 
atque intrudendo, sc. ingerentium more: 
V. TO INTRUDE. 
intrust: Vv. ENTRUST. 
intuition: |. As phil. ¢. é : *in: 
tuitus, Us (esp. in abl.), intuitio (both 
as faculty and object), cognitio intuitiva 


IN TUL Ly = 





not class., but needed for precision in 
scientific language: v. Hamilton's Reid, 
p- 759. (Nearest word in class. Lat., 
perceptio: v. PERCEPTION.) |}. When 


intuition denotes an innate conception, | 


anticipatio may be used: ef. Cic. N. D. 
1, 16, 43, anticipatio quaedam Deorum. 
Phr.: they believe woman to possess @ 
kind of supernatural 1., inesse (feminis) 
sanctum aliquid et providum putant, 
Tac. G. 8: to have an 1. of the external 
world, animo ea quae sunt extra per- 
cipere atque comprehendere, Cic. NED: 


2, 59, 147 

intui 
t.t.): v. Hamilton’s Reid, p. 759. Phr.: 
to have an i. discernment of what is 
right, *quod decet nullis argumentis sed 
mentis propria vi ac natura cernere,; 
celeri quodam animi motu intelligere. 
With ref. to the future, providus: v. 
preced. art. extr. 

intuitively; celeri quodam animi 
motu; mentis propria vi ac natura: Vv. 
preced. art. Sometimes celeriter: cf, 
Nep. Them. 1, celeriter, quae opus erant, 
reperiebat. 

intwine: Vv. ENTWINE. 

jinundate: inundo, 1: Cic.: Liv.: 
¥. TO DELUGE. 

inundation: inundatio, dilivium: 
¥. DELUGE, FLOOD. Phr.: serious 1s, 
magnae aquae, Liv. 24, 9; ingentes 
aquae, ib. 38, 28. 

inure: 1, duro, 1 (to harden) : to 
become i.d to blows, ad plagas durari, 
Quint. 1, 3, 14: id against all hard- 
ships, adversus omnia mala duratus, Liv. 
23, 19, med.: cf. Caes. B. G. 6, 28, hoc se 
labore durant adolescentes, they 7%. or 
harden themselves. 2, indiiro, 1 (like 
preced.): Sen. 3, assuéfacio, 3; with 
correl. intrans. assuesco, 3 (to become 
id): y.To accustom. Phr.: tot, one- 
self to hardships, labori ac dnritiae stu- 
dere, Caes. B. G. 6, 21: id to strife 
from his youth, jam ab juventa certa- 
minibus imbutus, Liv. 5, 2, etr. 

inured: duratus, assuétus (labori ac 
duritiae): v. preced. art. 

inurn: in urnam condo, 3: 
Cat. 15. 

inutility ; initilitas (more freq. in 
stronger sense, injuriousness) : Lucr. 5, 
31273. 

fea : 1, invado, si, sum, 3 (with 
in and ac.) : Antony has i.d Gaul, Dola- 
bella Asia, in Galliam invasit Antonius, 
in Asiam Dolabella, Cic. Ph. 11, 2, 4. 
(N.B.—Not in this sense with direct ace. : 
V.TOATTACK.) Q, bellum inféro, 3, i777. 
(with dat.): Xerxes having i.d Europe, 
cana Xerxes bellum inferret Europae, 

ep. Them. 2: to i. Scythia, Scythis 
bellum inf., id. Milt. 3: Just.: v. WAR. 

3, incurro, 3 (to make a sudden 

incursion): v. INROAD. Phr.: he id 
the territory of the Olcades, in Olcadum 
fines exercitum induxit, Liv. 21, 5: 
to i. Africa (by crossing the sea), in 
Africam transmittere, Liv. 21, 17: after 
this hei.d India, post haec Indiam petit, 
Just. 12, 7: sometimes proficiscor is 
used in this sense: to 7. Britain, in Bri- 


Suet. 


' tanniam proficisci, Caes. B. G. 4, 20. 


invader: expr. by hostis: v. ENEMY 
invalid (adj.): i.e. of no force: 
], irritus (without force, not good 
inlaw): v. vor.  Q, infirmus (weak, 
not to be depended on): Join: [res] 
infirma et nugatoria ad probandum, Cic. 
Caec. 23, 64. 3. vitiosus (faulty, 
unsound): i. arguments, v. argumenta- 
tiones, Auct. Her. 2, 22, init. 4. 
nugatorius (having no point or force): 
Auct. Her. |. c.: Cic. (supr.). Phr.: 
that argument is altogether 7., nullum 
vero id quidem argumentum est, Cic. 
Tuse. 2, 5, init. 
invalid (subs.): |. One who is 
unwell: 1. valetiidinarius: Sen. Ben. 
I, 11, fin. 2, expr. by aeger, aegro- 
tus, etc.: v. ILL (adj). Phr.: to bea 
confirmed %., tenui aut potius nulla vale- 
tudine esse, Cic. Sen. 11, 35; valetudine 
gravi [minus prospera] uti, Suet. Cl. 31: 
he was a great 7. all his life, graves 
valetudines per omnem vitan) expertus 


tive: intuitivus (only as phil. | 








INVENT 


INVESTIGATE 





| est (of recurring illness), Suet. Aug. 81. 


J. A disabled soldier or sailor : 1 
causarius: ts and superannuated men, 
c. senioresque, Liv. 6, 6, ad jin. 

aletudinari Macer. Dig. 49, 16, 
12, fin. 

invalidate : 1, infirmo, 1 (to 
annul; disprove): a contract is id, 
infirmatur contractus, Hermog. Dig. 49, 
14, 46 § 2° by repealing one law to 1. 
the rest, unam tollendo legem ceteras i., 
Liv. 34, 3. to t. and disprove anything, 
aliquid inf. et tollere, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 
147. 2, expr. by irritus and a verb: 
to i. laws (annul them), leges irritas 
facere, Cic. Ph. 5, 7, fin. Join: tol- 
lere atque irritum esse jubere, Cic, Verr. 
2, 2, 57, init. 3, labéfacto, 1 (to cause 
to totter; hence, to take away the strength 
of): toi. an opinion, opinionem 1., Cic. 

lu. 2,6: to 7. laws, leges ac jura 1, Cic. 
Caec. 25, 70. 

invaluable: inaestimabilis, e: v. 
INESTIMABLE. 

invariable: constans, immitabilis : 
Vv. UNCHANGEABLE. 

invariably : semper: v. ALWAYS. 

invasion: 1, expr. by invado, 
bellum inféro, incurro: he resolved on 
an i. of Scythia, Scythis bellum inferre 
ie Scythas invadere] decrevit, Nep. 

ilt. 3: to repel an 7., *hostes bellum 
inferentes, in agros incurrentes pro- 
hibere: ¥. TO INVADE. 92. incursio, 
irruptio (esp. a sudden 7.): v. INROAD. 
For fig. sense, V. INFRINGEMENT. 

invective: 1, convicium (strong 
language: usu. abusive): by what re- 
buke or rather 7...., qua objurgatione, 
aut quo potius convicio...? Cic. Off. 3, 
21, 83: most just and honourable i., 
justissimum et honestissimum c., Cic. 
Fam. 12,25, med. Q, invectio(v. rare) : 
Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164, imvectiones comi- 
tate retinentur (al. invectio. . .retinetur). 
(N.B.— Better avoided.) 
expr. by invéhor, ctus, 3 (to deliver an 
7.): with pres. part. invéhens: to de- 
liver a bitter, affronting %. against any 
one, in aliquem acerbe et contumeliose 
invehi, Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 304: with acc. 
of neut. pron., to indulge in plentiful 
i. against any one, multa invehi in ali- 
quem, Nep. Ep. 6. Join: in aliquem 
invehi, insectariqne vehementer, Cic 
Am. 16, 57. So by insector, 1 (to assail 
violently) : to indulge in 7. against any 
one, maledictis insectari aliquem, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 25, 80: v. TO INVEIGH. 

inveigh against: 1, invéhor, 
ctus, 3 (foll. by in and acc.): Cic.: 
Nep.: Liv.: v. preced. art. (3). 2 
insector, 1 (with acc.): to v7. against 
(assail) the audacity of bad men, auda- 
ciam improborum ins., Cic. Att. Io, I, 
ad jin.: Tac.: v. preced.art. fin. 3, 
incesso, ivi, itum, 3: v. TO ATTACK 
GI, 5). 4, incurro, i, sum, 3: they 
2. against the tribunes, in tribunos in- 
currunt, Liv. 5, 11, ad med.: to 7%. so 


Sreely against any one, in aliquem tanta 


libertate ine., Trebon. in Cic. Fam. 12, 
16, fin. 5, incrépo, ui, itum, 1; also 
reg. (to chide, rebuke : with acc.): more 
fully, maledictis inc., Sall. Cat. 21; pro- 
bris inc., Liv. 23, 45, med. 6, cas- 
tigo, 1 (to chastise; hence, to rebuke, 
lash): he i/d more violently against 
the senate, in senatu castigando vehe- 
mentior fuit, Liv. 3, 19, iit. 

inveigle: illicio, pellicio, 3: 
ENTICE. 

invent: 1, répério, i, rtum, 4: 
he i.d the (use of the) saw, serrae rep- 
perit usum, Ov. M. 8, 246: Quint.: foll. 
by inf., Vv. TO DISCOVER. 9. invénio, 
veni, ntum, 4: @ potter of Sicyon was 
the first who %.’d..., Sicyonius figulus 


Vv. TO 


primus invenit, foll. by inf., Plin. 35, | 


12, 43: a way has been id to..., in- 
ventum est, foll by inf., Plin. 37, 12, 
75. (N.B.—There appears to be no 
ground for the distinction that reperio 
denotes discovery after search ; invenio, 
accidentally.) 3, excdgito, 1: v. TO 
CONTRIVE. 4, comminiscor, mentus, 
3 (by the exercise of thought): the Phoe- 
nicians i.d the alphabet, literas Phoe- 


3, most freq. 











nices commenti sunt, Mela, 1, 12, init.: 
Suet.: Plin. See also To DISCOVER. 
invention: |. The act of invent 
ing: expr. by verb: by the i. of the 
saw, serra reperta s. inventa: v. TO 


INVENT. Il. That which is invented : 
inventum (more freq. = device): Ov. M. 
1,521. (Or expr. by verb.) Ill. Uke 


mental power; inventio: cf. Cic. Tuse. 
I, 25, 61, vis quae investigat occulta, 
quae inventio atque excogitatio dicitur: 
also of literary 2., Auct. Her. 1, 2, 3: 
Cic. (title of work). IV. Fabrica- 
tion: commentum, mera fabula: v. Fa- 
BRICATION, FICTION. 
inventive: Pbr.: the i. faculty, 
inventio s. excogitatio (v. preced art. 
III.): to possess an i. genius, *habilem 
esse ad res excogitandas, comminiscen- 
das: to possess such a genius (in the 
field of action), celeriter quae opus sunt 
reperire, Nep. Them. 1. (N.B.—There 
cap be no impropriety in using inventor, 
inventrix, as adj., cl. L. G. § 598, but it 
must be foll. by object. gen.: that % 
mind, *multorum ille inventor artificl- 
orum animus.) 
inventor: 1, inventor, 7. trix 
i. of all arts, i. omnium artium, Caes, 
B. G. 6,17: Cic.: Virg. 2, répertor: 
i. of poetry and medicine, carminis et 
medicae artis r., Ov. R. Am. 76: Virg. 
3, monstrator (poet.): Virg.: Ov. 
4, auctor (originator): Hor. 8. 1, 
Io, 66: v. auTHOR. (N.B.—Very oft. 
expr. by verb: the Phoenicians were the 


i.s of..., invenerunt Phoenices...: v 
TO INVENT.) 
inventory: 1. inventarium: Ulp. 


Dig. 26,7,7-. 2. répertorium (the less 
usu. term): ef. Dig. 1. ¢. 

inventress: inventrix, icis: Cic. 

inverse (@4j.): inversus, conversus ° 
v. INVERTED. 

inversely : *inversa ratione (as ¢. ¢.). 

inversion: conversio: usu. better 
expr. by verb: v. TO INVERT. 

invert: iuverto, ti, sum, 3: fot. the 
order (of words), ordinem i., Cic. Part, 
7, 24: v.foll. art. Phr.: tot, the order 
of words, praeponere ultima primis, 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 593 ordinem verborum 
mutare, ita ut sursum versus retroque 
dicantur, cf. Cie. 1. ¢. 

inverted (part. adj.): inversus: an 
i. hull, i. alveus (mavis), Sall. Jug. 18, 
ad init.: Virg. 

invest: |. Te put in possession of 
an office: magistratum alicui commit- 
tere, Cic. Pl. 25, 61; mandare, id. Mur. 
35, 143 dare, id. Agr. 2, 10, 26 [so po- 
testatem dare, committere, etc.: V. 
OFFICE]. Sometimes, praepono, prae- 
ficio, will serve: to i. with office such 
as would not offend, praeponere non 
peccaturos, Tac. Agr. 19 (but the dat. is 
usu. added): v. To appornT (1.). Ik 
To surround, grace: expr. by addo, do, 
etc.: to i. petty things with honour, 
angustis addere rebus honorem, Virg G. 
3, 290: t. thow my words with t mperish- 
able grace, aeternum da dictis leporem ! 
Lucr. 1, 29: she (the goddess) had i.’d 
his eyes with lively charms, laetos oculis 
afflarat honores, Virg. Aen. I, 591: ¥. 
TO IMPART, BESTOW. Phr.: virtue is 
i’d with new charms by a comely form, 
gratior pulchro veniens in corpore Virtus, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 344. II]. Zo sink or put 
out money at interest : 1, colldco, 1 
(that in which, expr. by in and abl., 
less freq. in and acc.): to %. money in 
an estate, (pecuniam) in fundo c., Cie. 
Caec. 4, 11; in emptiones praediorum, 
Gai. Dig. 17, 1, 2 § 6; at heavy interest, 
gravi fenore c., Snet. Aug. 39. 9. 
pono, pisui, itum, 3 (to put out to in- 
terest ; opp. to religere, to call in) : Hor. 
Epod. 2, extr. 8, occipo, 1 (to lend 
on interest : also, in gen. sense): cf. Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 36, 91, pecunias occuparat 
apud populos, et syngrapbas fecerat: te 
i. money in stock, pecuniam (in) anima- 
libus, in pecore o., Col, IV. obsideo, 
circumsédeo, vallo et fossa cingo, cir 
cumdo, etc.: Vv. TO BESIEGR, BLOCKADE. 

investigate : |. In gen. sense 
scrator, investigo (to track out), indage 

421 


INVESTIGATION 


INVOLUNTARILY 





etc.: Vv. TO EXAMINE. 
sense : quaero, cognosco, etc.: Vv. TO EN- 
QUIRE INTO. 

investigation: v- 
ENQUIRY. 

investigator : 1, investigator : 

ic. Q indagator: Col.: v. ENQUIRER. 

investiture: consecratio, inaugu- 
Tatio: V. INSTALMENT. To receive 7., in- 
signia potestatis [episcopatus] accipere : 
v. INSIGNIA. 

investment: |. Of money: expr. 
by colldco, 1. v. TO INVEST. ll. Gfa 
town: obsessio, circumvallatio: v. SIEGE, 
BLOCKADE. 

inveteracy ; invétératio: Cic. Tusc. 
4, 37, ext (of a disease). More usu. 
expr. by adj.: v. foll. art 

inveterate; invélératus (of old 
stunding: in good or bad sense): Cic. 
Ph. 5, 11 (opp. to nascens): Nep. To 
become 7., invétérasco, avi, 3: of a dis- 
ease, Lucr. 4, 1064; of a custom, Caes. 
B. G. s, 41: to become i. by long delay 
(of a disease), per longas convalescere 
moras, Ov. R. Am. 92: so i. a prejudice, 
tam penitus insita opinio, Cic. Clu. 1, 
jin.: so, penitus defixa atque haerentia 
(dedecora}, Auct. Har. Resp. 26, extr. 

inveterately : perh. pénitus: v. 
preced. art. fin. Or expr. by inveteras- 
cere: they hated each other %., *invete- 
raverat jam diu inter se odium. 

invidious: perb. mialignus (7l- 
natured, wngenerous: not in Cie.): v. 
JEALOUS, MALICtous. (Invidiosus = ex- 
posed to ill-will, envy, unpopularity). 
Phr.: to represent any one in an %. 
light, aliquem in invidiam vocare, Cic. 
Ac. 2, 47, 144: to be or appear so, invi- 
diam habere, Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 283. 

invidiously : 1, invididsé: cf. 
Cie Mis; 1233) Ac: 2,47, 146. >: 
maligne (in an ill-natured, jealous 
spirit): to say anything %., m. aliquid 
dicere, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 12: Vv. JEALOUSLY. 

3. (2) per calumnias (t7 @ malicious, 

fault-finding way): Gell. 7, 2, init. 

invidiousness: invidia : cf. Cic. Or. 
51, 170, babere nonnullam invidiam. 

invigorate: 1, corrdboro, 1: to 
i. the stomach. stomachum c., Piin. 20, 
23,99: to become i.d, se c., Cic. Sext. 4, 
Io. Q. firmo, confirmo, etc.: v. TO 
STRENGTHEN 

invigorating (24j.) : aptus ad corpus 
firmandum, ad vires corroberandas: v. 
preced. art. 

invigoration: expr. by verb: v. To 
INVIGORATE. 

invincible : 1, invictus: sup. 
invictissimus, Pl. Mil. 1, 1, 57: Cic.: 


EXAMINATION, 


Hor. Fig.: 7. necessity, i. necessitas, 
Sen. Ep. 30, 9. (No such word as invin- 
cibilis.) 3 insupérabilis, e (in fig. 


sense). V. INSUPERABLE, 

invincibly : expr. by modal abi. 
with invictus. (Invicte, Aug.) 

inviolability: sanctitas: 7. of kings, 
s. rezum, Caes. in Sue'. vit. 6. (Usu. 
better expr. by inviolatus, sacrosanctus : 
to declare the i. of tribunes, tribunos 
sacrosanctos, inviolatos esse sancire: Cf. 
Liv. 3. 55, med.) 

inviolable: 1, invidlatus: Liv. 
3, 55, med. 9. sacrosanctus (strictly, 
declared so by religious ceremonies, 
hence, in gen. sense. legal term): cf. 
Cic. Balb. 14, 33, sacrosanctum nil esse 
potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanx- 
isset. 3, invidlabilis, e (port. and 
rare): Lucr.: Sil. (Non violabilis, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 154.) 

inviolablv: 1. invidlaté: Join: 
pie inviolateque [servare], Cic. Sen. 22, 
extr.; inv. sancteque, Gell. 7, 18, init. 

9. sancté: Cic. R. Com. 2, fin.: cf. 

supr.: V. SCRUPULOUSLY. (Or expr. by 
adj., to preserve a temple 7., tempium 
inviolatum servare: V. INVIOLATE. ) 

inviolate: 1. invidlatus: Join: 
integer atque inviolatus, Cic. Coel. 5, 
ir: Liv. 2. intactus, intéger: v. 
INTACT. 

invisibility: expr. by verb: v. IN- 
VISIBLE. 

invisible: 1. invisibilis, e (rare, 
but sometimes necessary for precision) : 

422 





I]. In legal | ¢. apertures, inv. foramina, Cels. pref. 


med.: Lact. 7, 9, med. (of God): Vulg. 
(N.B.—Invisus=that has not been seen.) 
9. caecus (infreq. in this sense) : 

things i. and out of the veach of sight, 
res c. et ab aspectus judicio remotae, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357: an 7%. palisade and 
trenches, vallum c. fossaeque, Caes. B.C. 
1, 28° Lucr. 3, more freq. expr. by 
circuml.: things which ure %. to the eye, 
quae cernere et videre non possumus 
{cerni et videri non possunt}, Cic. de Or. 
3, 40, 161: whether it (the soul) be so 
subtle as to be 7., an tanta sit ejus tenui- 
tas ut fugiat aciem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50: 
so, visum effugere, Plin. 35, 10, 36 § 83, 
to be i., nun cadere sub oculos, cl. Cic. 
Or. 3, init.: Vv. TO SEE; SIGHT. Cf. 
supr. (2). 

invisibly; ita ut aciem oculorum 
fugiat, effugiat: v. preced. art. 

invitation: 1. invilatio (infreq. 
in this sense): an 7. to Epirus, ‘n Epi- 
rum inv., Cic. Att. 9, 12, 1 (in Cic. Verr, 
2, 1, 26, 66, invitatio is a challenge to 
drink). As abl. invitatu: at your 1.5 
tuo invitatu, Cic. Fam. 7, 5, med. 9. 
vocatio (rare): to hunt up i.s, v. quae- 
rere, Cat. 47, extr. As abl., vocatu (cf. 
supr. 1): Suet. Cal. 39, extr. 3. expr. 
by verb: he directed i.s to be sent to... 
vocari jubebat .. ., Cic. Verr. 3, 26, 65: 
you give me an %. to come again, revo- 
cas (me), Hor. S. 1, 6, 61: give him an 
i. from me to supper, dic ad coenam 
veniat, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 60: to accept an 1. 
to any one’s house, promittere ad ali- 
quem, Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 27: to send a note 
of «., per literas invitare (the libelli in 
Tac. Or. 9, are copies or abstracts of the 
work to be read): Vv. TO INVITE. 

invite : |. Zo ask to go some- 
where: 1, invito, 1 (foll. by prep. or 
clause: absol. = to entertain): tot. any 
one to supper, i. aliquem ad coenam, Cic. 
Fam. 7, 9; to one’s house, domum suam, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, 89; to stay with you, 
ut apud te deversetur, Cic. Att. 13, 2: 
Liv. (Also in gen. sense, to ask to join, 
e. g. in legationem, to take part in a 
legatio, Cic. Att. 2, 18.) Q. voco, I 
(with ad. in and acc.; also absol.): to 7. 
to supper, ad coenam v., Cic. Att. 6, 3, 
fin.: absol., Pl. Capt. 1, 1, 7. Im gen. 
sense, to 7. to the deep, v. in altum, Virg. 
Aen. 3, Jo. Join: vocare et invitare, 
Luer. 5, 525. |§. To tempt, solicit: 

1, allecto, 1 (to entice): to 7. flat- 

tery (assentationem) a. fet invitare}, Cic. 
Am. 26, 99. So allicio, Ov. F. 6, 681, 
alliciunt somnos, tempus, motusque me- 
rumque. 2. invito, 1: genial winter 
i.s, i. genialis hiems, Virg. G. 302: Cic. 
(v. supr. 1). 3, arcesso, ivi, itum, 3: 
to i. rest, quietem a., Liv. 21, 4, med. 
Phr.: to 7. to stumber, somnos suadere, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 9 

inviting (a4j.): 1, gratus, imoe- 
nus (the latter usu. cf places): v. PLEA- 
SANT. 2. blandus (soft, alluring): 
cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 3, 6, illecebris blandae 
voluptatis invitari: most %. shores 
Baiae), blandissima litora, Stat. 3, 5. 96. 
So, to bet., appeal invitingly to, blandior, 
4 (with dat.): cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 139, 
quam suaviter voluptas sensibus nostris 
blanditur. 

invitingly: 1, suaviter (siveetly, 
charmingly): Cic. 2. blande (win- 
ningly, enticingly): cf. Hor. Od. 1, 24, 
13, quod si tlandius moderere fidem 
(more persuasively, winningly). So to 
speak 7%. to, blandior, 4: v. preced. art. 


pn. 


invocation : invocatio: e. g., de- 
orum, Quint. 10, 1, 48. 
invoice: *libellus (gen. term). 
invoke: |. Yo address a deity: 
1. invéco, 1: Pl.: Cic.: with preci- 
bus, Tac. A. 16, 31: to t. to help, in 
auxilium i., Quint. 4, prooem. 5. 2. 
viéco, t (less treq.): Virg.: Hor. Ih. 
To appeal to: appello, imploro, obtestor, 


etc.: V. T@ APPEAL TO, IMPLORE, BE- 
SEECH, 
involuntarily: 1. expr. by co- 


actus (under compulsion: cf. L. G. 
§ 343): voluntarily or 7., sponte an co- 





IRON 





actus, Tac. A. 11, 36: Cic. 2, im- 
priidens, imprudenter, per imprudenti- 
am: v. INADVERTENTLY. 3, baud 
sponte, haud voluntario: v. VULUN- 
TARILY. ; 

involuntary: non (haud) volunta- 
Trius: Vv. \OLUNTARY. Phr.: 7%. move- 
ments, motus qui non [nulla] voluntate 
nostra fiunt, Sen. (Quich.): to yield an 
i. submission, *vi coactum parere (do- 
mino): cf. preced. art. 

involution: implicatio (entangle 
ment): Cic. 

involve: |. Zo envelope: involvo, 
3: V. TO WRAP UP. ||. 7o comprise, 
bring with it: 1, contineo, ui, ten- 
tum, 2: that which most is the whole 
question, quod Maxime rem causamque 
c., Cic. N. 1). 1, 1, 2: esp. in pass.: his 
safety is i.d in yours, tua salute con- 
tineri suam, Cic. Marc. 7, 22: v. TO BIND 


up (IIL). 2, habeo, 2: v. TO IMPLY 
(2). 8. expr. by insum, i77r.: v. TO 
IMPLY (: 4, afféro, 3, w7.: v. TO 
BRING (11.). Ill. Zo implicate: 1, 


admisceo, ui, stum and xtum, 2: v. TO 
IMPLICATE. Q. illigo, 1 (to entangle, 
engage): cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 2,6, qui sermon- 
ibus ejusmodi nolint tam graves personas 
illigari, “to be involved in them.” V, 
To bring into certain circumstances : 
more freq. in pass.: Phr.: to be id 
(entangled) in a war, illigari bello, Liv. 
32, 21, ad med.: to bei.d in many errors, 
multis implicari erroribus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
27, 58: to bei.d in debt, aere alieno op- 
pressum esse, laborare aere alieno (v. 
DEBT). 

invulnerable: invulnérabilis, e 
(late and rare): Sen. (Usu. better expr. 
by circuml., qui nullo vulnere laedi po- 
test, vulneribus obnoxius non est, ad- 
versus vulnera tutus : v. WOUND.) 

invulnerably: comp. preced. art. 

inward (a4j.): intérior: v. INNER. 

inwardly: 1, intus, intrinsécus, 
introrsus (-um): Vv. WITHIN. . pén- 
itus (to the very heart or centre: oftener 
in fig. sense): Cic.: Cels. 

inweave: intexo, ui, xtum, 3: tot, 
gold, aurum int., Plin. 8, 48, 74: Ov.: 
most freq. in p. part. intextus, Auct. 
Her.- Suet. See also TO ENTWINE. 

inwrought (part. adj.): intextus 
(cf. preced. art.): cf. Virg. Aen. 10, 785, 
tribus intextum opus tauris, inwrought 
with the figures of three bulls: Claud. 
TI. work, musivum opus: vy. Mosarc (Dict. 
Ant. p. 915). 

irascibility : 1, iracundia: cf. 
Cic. ‘usc. 4, 12, 27, where it is defined 
as angry disposition: oftener in sense 
of actual anger, passion: Vv. ANGER. 

9. meton. cérébrum : cf. Hor. S. 1, 

g, 11, O te, Bolane, felicem cerebri, i. e. 
lucky in thine irascible vein. 3, st0- 
machus (?): cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, init., 
intelliges fortitudinem stomacho non 
egere (“does not require the support of 
anger or irascibility”’). 

ire; ira, iracundia, stémachus: v. 
ANGER. 

ireful: iratus. iracundus: v. ANGRY. 

irefully: irate: v. ANGRILY. 

iridescence:: iridis s. arcus coelestis 
colores, qui subinde mutantur: ef. Plin. 
37, 9, 52, colores arcus coelestis ... .« 
ejaculatur [gemma] subinde mutans, 
Magnaque varietate admirationem sui 
augens: cf. also Sen. N. Q. 1,7, where 
such play of colour is described as spe- 
cies falsi coloris qualem columbarum 
cervix et sumit et ponit, utcunque de- 
flectitur. 

iris: |. The rainbow: arcus coe- 
lestis, Iris: Vv. RAINBOW. Il. The 
plant : iris, idis, f.: Plin. 

irk: piget, taedet: v. VEXED, WEARY 
(TO BE). 

irksome: milestus, Spérosus, ddi- 
Osus: V. TIRFSOME, WEARISOME. 

irksomeness: taedium: v. WEARI- 
SOMENEss. Join: taedium laborque, 
Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 11. 

iron (subs.): . The metal: fer- 
rum: Caes.: Cic.: Virg. Made of t., 
ferreus (v. foll. art.): shod or tipped 


eee i, ferratus, Lucr.: Liv.: 7.-mines. 


wr). je 


IRON 


IRREPARABLE 


IRRIGATE 





ferraria metalla, Plin. 34, 14, 41; also, 
ferrariae, arum (including the i.-works) : 
Oaes, B. G. 7, 22: Liv. I]. An imple- 
ment of iron: ferrum: cf. Virg. Aen..10, 
100, where it is used of curling-trons. 
Il]. Ouly in pl. = fetters: vincula, 

compédes: v. CHAIN, FETTER. 

iron (adj.): ferreus: t.-hooks, f. hami, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 73, extr.: Plin. Fig.: 
the i. shower (of missiles), f. imber, 
Enn.: “‘ the fidd all i.” (Milt.), f. ager, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 601: of almost i. strength 
of body, ferrei prope corporis, Liv. 39, 
40, fin. See also IRUN-HEARTED. 

iron (v.): Phr.: to i. linen, *lintea 
ferro calido premere ac levigare. 

iron-hearted: ferreus: Join: du- 
rus et ferreus, Cic. Verr. 5, 46, init. See 
also HARD-HEARTED, UNFEELING. 

ironical: expr. by ironia: and do 
not deem this i., nec in hoc ironiam esse 
putes, Cic. Br. 87, 298: this ts t., per 
jroniam s. dissimulationem haec dicun- 
tur: v. Irony. (The adj. ironicus is 
not class., but may sometimes be neces- 
sary for exactness: with ref. to a per- 
son, simulator may be used, cf Cic. Off. 
I, 30, 108, where it is used of Socrates 
= Gk. elpwv.) 

ironically: irdnicé : Ascon. in Verr. 
(Or expr. by ironia, dissimulatio : Iam 
far from speaking t., sine ulla meher- 
cule ironia loquor, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4 2: to 
speak 7., per dissimulationem dicere, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 68, 275: V. IRONY). 

jronmonger: negotiator ferrarins 
(acc. to anal. of negotiator vestiarius, 
frumentarius, Dig.); ferramentarius 
(late): Firmic. 

jironmongery: ferramenta, orum 
(tools and implements of iron): cf Varr. 
R. R. 1, 22 med.: Vv. TOOL. 
: J, irdnia (Gr. ecipwveta): 
Cic.: Quint.: Vv. IRONICAL. 2 pure 
Lat di-similatio: cf. Cie. Ac. 2, 5, fin. 
nti solitus est ea dissimulatione quam 
Graeci cipwysiay vecant: more pre- 
cisely, dissimulatio urbana, salsa, ef. Cic. 
de Or. 2, 67: also dissimulantia, Cic. 
1. c. § 270. 

irradiate: illustro, 1 (irradio, late 
and very tare, Stat.): v. TO ILLUMINE. 

irradiation: expr. by radius (v. 
RAY); or by verb (¥. TO ILLUMINE). 

irrational: j, rationis expers : 
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22. 9. irrationalis, e 
inte and rare): Quint. 8, 6, 13: Sen. 
dp. 92, imit.: still later and of less 
authority is the form irrationabilis, 
Vulg. x Pet. ii. 12: pseudo-Quint. 3, 


briitus (dull, senseless): Vv. STUPID. 
(Alogus, Gr. dAoyos, Aug.) See also 


ABSURD. 
irrationally : 
SURDLY. 
irreclaimable: *qui nulla ratione 
emendari potest: v. TO RECLAIM. 
irreconcilable: |. Unappeasable: 
implacabilis, e: 7. grudges, i. iracundiae, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13: Liv.: v. InPLACa- 
BLE. I]. Incompatible: Phr.: these 
statements are i., *haec omnino inter se 
contraria sunt, inter se repugnant: v. 
INCONSISTENT. 2 
irreconcilably: expr. by adj.- v. 
preced. art. 
irrecoverable : 
Virg.: Sen. 
irrecoverably: expr. by adj.: cf. 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 17, semel emissum volat 
irrevocabile verbum : Vv. IRREPARABLY. 
irrefragable: expr. by certus, fir- 
mus, esp. in superl.: cf. Cie, Cat. 3, 5, 
fin.: illa certissima sunt visa argu- 
menta atque indicia sceleris: or by cir- 
cuml. with refutari non posse, v. TO RE- 
PuTe. (Irrefutabilis only in Arnob.) 
See also CONVINCING (adj.). 
irrefragably: certissimis argumen- 
tis atque indiciis; iis argumentis quae 
refutari non possint: v. preced. art, 
(Sometimes necessario s. -e may serve: 
ef. Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44, necessarie demon- 
strantur ea quae aliter ac dicuntur nec 
fieri nec probari possunt.) 
irrefutable: Vv. IRREFRAGABLE. 
irregular: 1, énormis, e (hav- 
ing no regular form: not in Cic. or 


absurdé: v. AB- 


irrépaérabilis, e: 





1 Liv.): t. streets (of old Rome), e. vici, 


Tac. A. 15, 38: cf. id. Agr. 10, immen- 
sum et enorme spatium (of the northern 
part of Britain): but the adj. is oftener 


used of that which exceeds the usual | cf. L. G. § 343- 


measure. 2. incompositus (put to-' 
gether without art): i. (rude, inelegant) } 
movements, i. motus, Virg. G. 1, 350. 
3, inaequalis, inaequabilis, e (not 

uniform): %t. pulsation, inaequabilis | 
venarum pulsus, Plin. 7, 51, 52: v. UN- 
EVEN. 4, andmialus (gram. ¢. ¢., esp. 
as pl. neut.): t. forms in verbs, anomala 
verborum, Prisc. 8, 15, p. 833. (irregu- 
laris, very late and bad: v. Fore. s. v.) 
Phr.: an i. army, exercitus tumultu- | 
arius, milites tumultuarii (troops raised | 
in a hasty manner and imperfectly dis- | 
ciplined), Liv. 5, 37, etc.: Auct. B.| 
Alex.: an i. proceeding, *ratio haud 
legitima; id quod contra leges fit ; nul- 
lius exempli, contra omnia exempla (v. 
ILLEGAL, UNPRECEDENTED): an 1%. al- 
tendant at church, *qui nonnisi subinde | 
in ecclesia versatur. 

irregularity: _ |. Want of regu- 
larity : ], enormitas (shapelessness) : 
Quint. 9, 4, 27- 9. inaequalitas (un- 
evenness): in gram. sense, Gell. 2, 25: 
Varr. 3, Aanomalia (gram. ¢. t.): 
Varr. L. L. 9, init. (Usu. better expr. 
by adj. or phr.: to be guilty of ant, 
*aliquid praeter legem, praeter consue- 
tudinem facere.) I]. Specially, a 
breach of morals: Phr.: the ts of 
youth, quae tert adolescentia, Ter. Ad. 
I, 1, 28: to be guilty of some %., peccare 


aliquid, ib. 1, 2, 35: to restrain 7.8 by | 
force, dissolutos mores vi compescere, | 
| Phaedr. I, 2, 


12: as in youth, nimia 
libertas in adolescentia, Cic. Cuel. 18, 
fin.: not even the most trifling %., ne 
minimum quidem erratum, Cis Lc: 





also more definite terms may be used, | 


e.g. amores, conviviorum ac lustrorum 
libido, voluptates: cf. Cic. 1. c. 

irregularly: 1. Gnormiter (out 
of shape): Sen. N. Q.1, 7 (opp. to apte). 

2. inaequaliter, Inaequabiliter (not 
uniformly): ¥, UNEVENLY, UNKQUALLY, 
3. praeter regulam s. legem: v. 

CONTRARY TO. 4, vitio (with ref. to 
augury): V. INFORMALLY. . libé- 
rius, nimis libere: v. LICENTIOUSLY. 6, 
siibinde (now and then): v. OCCASION- 
ALLY. 

irrelevant: @liénus: v. FOREIGX 
(il.) Phr.: it is quite t. (for me) to 
say, pil attinet dicere, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 
med.; ad rem nihil pertinet, cf. Cic. 
Div. 2, 47, 98 (but the latter denotes 
influence or bearing upon some end ; 
the former simply connexion): so, by 
ellipsis of verb, nihil ad rem, nihil ad 
haec: cf. Cic. Or. 63, 214. 

irreligion : 1, impiétas: v. m™- 
PIETY. 9. negligentia deorum s. di- 
vini cultus: Liv. 5,51. Phr.: to tend 
to promote i., ad solvendam religionem 
pertinere, Val. Max. 1, 1, 12: concern- 
img i.. de religione neglecta, ib. § 16: 
stronger still, contemptae religionis (ul- 
tor), ib. § 19. (N.B.—Not irreligio or 
irreligiositas, which are very late and 
rare.) 

irreligious: 1. impius (erga deum, 
deos): V. IMPIOUS. 9. religionis neg- 
ligens, contemptor; divini cultus neg- 
ligens: v. preced. art. 8, irréligiOsus 
(only of actions, the precedd. being used 
of agents): deeming anything t., ali- 
quid ir. ratus, Liv. 5, 40, fin.: Arnob. 
Phr.: to act in ani. manne’, religionem 
negligere, detrahere ; quod ad solvendam 
(s. tollendam) religionem pertinet fa- 
cere, Val. Max. 1, I. 

irreligiously : 1, impie: v. ™- 
PIOUSLY. 9. irréligidsé (late): Arn. 

irreligiousness : V- iRREIIGION. 

irremediable: quod aliter tieri non 
potest; quod nefus est corrigere (Hor. 
Od. 1, 24, extr.): v. INCURABLE, IRRE- 
PARABLE. 

irreparable: 1. irréparabilis, e 
(that cannot be brought back again): 
i. flight of time, temporis fuga i., Col. 
II, 1, ad fin.: Virg. 9. irrévocabilis, 
@: Vv. IRREVOCABLE. Phr: an t. loss, 





damnum quod nullo niudo resarciri po 
test: v. TO REPAIR. 

irreparably: 1. expr. by adj.: 
time flies i., fugit irreparabile tempus: 
Q, by resarciri non 
posse: v. preced. art. 

irreprehensible: nulla reprehen- 
sione dignus, cf. Cic. Q. Fr. I, 2, 45 
culpa liber; baud culpandus s. repre- 
hendendus: v. BLAMELESS. 

irreproachable: _ 1. sanctus: no 
ome more upright or i., hemo neque in- 
tegrior neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53; 
229: Liv.: Virg. 9. intéger: v. uP- 
RIGHT, INCORRUPTIBLE. Phr.: 7. life 
(or character), integritas vitae, Sall. Cat. 
54; sanctitas, Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73 (tne 
former referring chiefly to public life, 
the latter to private character): to be- 
have in the most i. manner, sanctissime 
se gerere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4- 

irreproachably: saucte, sanctis- 
sime: cf. preced. art. 5 also, BLAME- 
LESSLY. 

irresistible: 1, invicius: Cic.: 
Liv.: v. INVINCIBLE. 2. more pre- 
cisely, cui nullo modo (nulla vi) resisti 
potest, cui frustra renitaris, cui repug- 
nari atque obsisti nulla vi possit: v. To 
REsIsT. Phr.: ¢. arguments, certissima 
s. firmissima arguinenta (v. IRREFPA- 
GABLE): an almost i. tendency to sleep, 
inexpugnabilis paene dormiendi neces- 
sitas, Cels. 3, 20, init.: to doa thing 
under %. constraint, aliquid vi ac veces- 
sitate coactum facere, Cic. Quint. 16, 51. 

irresistibly: ‘ita ut nulla vi (vullo 
Mouv) resisti possit: Vv. TO KESIST. 
Phr.: to be 7. impelled to something, 
*fatali quadam necessitate ad aliquid 





impelli. 
irresolute: |. Undetermined how 
to act: ], incertus: more fully, in- 


certus sententiae, Liv. 4, 57, init.; in- 
certus animi, Tac. A. 6, 46. Join: 
varius incertusque, Sall. Jug. 74. (in 
Cic. = uncertain.) 9, dubius (wa- 
vering): the i. are confirmed, dubii con- 
firmantur, Caes. B. C. 1, 3. Join: du- 
bius et haesitans, Sall. Jug. 107. Jo be 
i., dubitare, haesitare, fluctuare (-ari) : 
Y. TO HESITATE, Il. Of undecided 
character: parum firmus (cf Cic. Mil 
33, QI, in suscepta Causa firmissimus), 
or with proposito (cf. Vell. 2, 63, fin, 
firmus proposito et . . . fidus): or in- 
firmus (cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, terrentur in- 
firmiores): V. RESOLUTE. 

irresolutely : dubitanter: v. HEsI- 
TATINGLY. (Or expr. by verb: to act t., 
haesitare, fluctuare; varium incertum- 
que se praebere: v. preced. art.) 

irresolution : 1, dibitatio, cunc- 
tatio: v. HESITATION. 9. animus pa- 
rum firmus (as permanent character) : 
v. IRRESOLUTE. Phr.: to strengthen 
(decide) any one’s %., fluctuantem ali- 
cujus sententiam confirmare, Cic. Att. 
I, 20, med. (inconstantia, mutabilitas 
mentis, denote fickleness and wavering 
purpose, and may sometimes serve.) 

irretrievable: irrépirabilis: v. IR- 
REPARABLE. 

irretrievably: Vv. RREPARABLY. 

irreverence: irréverentia (late and 
rare): Tac, (Usu. better expr. by cir- 
cuml.: @ person of extreme t., *nnlla 
rerum divinarum reverentia homo: t€ 
would be the height of %. tosay.-. + 
*nullo modo deorum [Dei} reverentia 
salvé dici potest; or perh. nefas est 
dictu, cf. Cic. Sen. 5, init. (inverecun- 
dum ingenium occurs in Cic. Inv. 1, 45, 
poet., in analogous sense.) 

irreverent: 1. irrévérens deorum 
[Dei] s. rerum divinarum: cf. Plin. Ep. 
8, 21, 3, irreverens operis: V. DISRE= 
SPECTFUL. 2, perb. invérécundus, 
parum verecundus (lacking the sense yf 
shame or modesty): V¥. IMMODEST. 
impius, nétas (indecl.): V. IMPIOUS. 

irrevocable: irrévicabilis, e: Lucr.: 
Liv.: Hor. See also IRKREPARABLE. 

irrevocably: expr. by adj.: Vv. IR- 
REPARABLY. 

irrigate : irrigo, 1 (naturally or ar- 
tificially) : the Nile i.s Egypt Aegyptum 
Nilus i., Cic. N. D. 2. 52 = (irrigare 

123 


IRRIGATION 


ITCH 


JACKDAW 


a — 


aquam also occurs, foll. by ad, Cato, 
R. R. 151, aquam ir. leniter in agros.) 
irrigation: 1, irrigatio: Varr.: 
Cic. Q. inductio aquae: Cic. N. D. 2, 
60, jin. (Or expr. by verb: v. preced. 
art.) 
irriguous: irriguus: Hor.: Plin. 
irritability: 1, stémachus (cha- 


grin, irritation of mind): a letter full | 
of t. and querulousness, plena s. et que- | 


relarum epistola, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, vit. 
(but the word denotes state of mind 
rather than permanent character). 2. 
iracundia (disposition to anger; latent 
or expressed): v. IRASCIBILITY. 5 
animus irritabilis, ingenium irritabile: 
v. IRRITABLE. 
irritable: 1. irritabilis, e (easily 
provoked; touchy): %. temper, animus i., 
Cie. Att. 1, 17, 1: Hor. 9. stoma- 
chosus (peevish, ill-tempered) : Hor. Ep. 
I, 15, 12 (de seipso) : Sen.: v. PEEVISH. 
aimarus: v. ILL-TEMPERED (2). 
4, iracundus: v. PASSIONATE. 
irritably ; st6michosé: Cic. Att. Io, 
5: cf. Hor. Ep. I, 15, 12. 
irritate: _ |. 7 provoke, exaspe- 
rate: 1, irrito, ©: esp. with animum, 
animos, as object, Liv. 31, 5 (opportune 
irritandis ad bellum animis): Just. 9, 2 
(but irritare appears to have been used 
absol. with direct acc. of person, cf. 
Prov. irritare crabrones, Pl. Am. 2, 2, 
84). 2, expr. by stOmachus, ira, with 
a verb: e. g. stomachum alicui movere, 
Cic. Att. 6, 3, 35 facere, ib. 5, 11, 2: see 
also TO ENRAGE, EXASPERATE. (Bilem 
movere, conimovere, also occur, but in 
somewhat stronger sense, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 
19, 20: V. INDIGNATION.) |], Fig.: to 
cause irritation, esp. in a sore: inflam- 
mo, I: Vv. TO INFLAME (II.). 
irritation: i.e. petty vexation: sté- 
mezchus : to laugh even in spite of one’s 
z., in stomacho (tamen) ridere, Cic. Fam. 
2, 16, fin.: Vv. IRRITABILITY. (Or expr. 
by verb: v. TO IRRITATE.) 
irritative: expr. by verb: v. TO 
IRRITATE. | 
irruption : 
INROAD. 
isinglass: ichthyGcolla. cf. Plin. 32, 
1, 24, § 73, icthyocolla appellatur piscis 
. .- idem nomen glutino ejus: Cels. 5, 
19, 8. 
islam: V- MAHOMETANISM. 
island: insiila: Cic.: Caes. 
islander: insiilanus: Cic. N. D. 3, 
18, 45. 
islet; parva insula. 
isolate: perh. intercliido (to inter- 
cept or cut off ), sejungo, secerno (to se- 
parate): v.TO CUTOFF, etc. Phr.: they 
live i.d from the rest of men, *seorsum 
a reliquis hominibus agitant, habitant: 
to treat only i.d portions of a subject, 
rem carptim perscribere, Sall. Cat. 4: 
i.d points, *singula eaque disjuncta. 
isolation: (?) solitudo: v. SOLITUDE. 
isosceles; aequicririus, Capell.; 
aequipédus or aequipes, pédis, Apul.; 
isoscéles, is, Auson. 
isothermal: *aequalis caloris linea 
quae isotbermalis dicitur. 
issue (swbs.) : |. Way out: egres- 
sus, US: V. EGRESS. I]. Result : 1, 
éventus, us: cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42, even- 
tus est alicujus exitus negotii (that 
which comes out of it): to try the 7. of 
events, e. rei experiri, Caes. B. G. 3, 3, 
extr.: so, eventus belli, pugnae, id. 2, 
exitus, ts (cf. supr. 1): what would be 
the i. of ..., quem exitum haberet.. ., 
Caes. B. G. 5, 29, fin.: the t. of a war, 
belli ex., Cic. Fam. 6, 1. Join: even- 
tus atque exitus rerum, Cic. l. c. 3. 
expr. by événio, 4: tf the t. of the en- 
gagement had been adverse, si adversa 
pugna evenisset, Liv. 8, 31, med.: often 
with advv.: to have a happy 7., bene, 
feliciter e., Cic. Mur. init. 4, suc- 
cessus, Us (happy 1%.): V. SUCCESS. 
Strengthened by epith. prosper, Liv. 
prooem. eztr., successus prosperos dare. 
5. (?) summa (the main issue): cf. 
Liv. 32, 17, med., summa un‘yersi belli: 
ef. Gloss. Liv. s. v. {}]. In law, expr. 
by Aigo, égi, actum, 3: the point at t., 
424 


incursio, irruptio: v. 











| qua de re agitur (legal form), Cic. Br. 


79, extr.: also used personally, the point 
at i. is not money but ...., non nunc pe- 
cunia agitur, sed... . Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67. 
Phr.: there seems to be one main i., 
una res videtur causam continere. Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 31, 65: so, the main point at i., 
quod maxime rem causamque continet, 
Cie Ne Dita 15) 2: IV. Progeny: li- 
béri, orum (including the case of a 
single child): Cai. Dig. 50, 16, 148: Cic. 
Chur 1,31: VY. A discharge: Le 
fluxio (any flowing; esp. of a morbid 
kind): Plin.: the form fluxus, iis, also 
occurs, Vulg. Luc. viii. 43. 2. pro- 
flivium (like preced., usesl by Cels. of 
diarrhoea): Lucr.: Plin.: Vulg. Mar. v. 


25. (N.B.—See also foll. art. through- 
out.) 
issue (v.): A, Intrans.: |, 


To proceed: in this sense, usu. to 7. 
Sorth: 1, Ggrédior, gressus, 3: to 7. 
Forth from the camp, the fortifications, 
ex castris e., Caes. B. G. 6, 36; extra 
munitiones, ib. 35. 2. emano, 1 (in 
a gentle stream), effiuo (as a river from 
its source), etc.: Vv. TO FLOW FORTH, 
GUSH, etc. I]. Specially, to come forth 
Srom the press: exire (e prelo): see 
also TO PUBLISH. II]. To end: evénio 
(v. preced. art. II. 3); €vado (v. TO TURN 
out, int.). B. Trans.: 1. édo, 
didi, ditum, 3 (to give forth): to 1. 
(military) orders, imperia e., Liv. 29, 
25, extr.: to t. a book, librum e,, Cic. (v. 
TO PUBLISH). Q, propono, posui, itum, 
3 (to post up, make public): to i. an 
edict, edictum p., Liv. 28, 25, med. 
Phr.: to t. orders or an edict, edicere 
(foll. by ut, ne), Liv. 29, 25, med. (et 
pass.) : to 7. rations to troops, frumentum 
militibus metiri, Caes. B. G. 1, 16: to 7. 
a supply of oil to the several companies, 
oleum per manipulos mittere, Liv. 21, 
55, init.; cf. distribuere, Sall. Jug. 91, 
init.: to i. gold, silver coin, aurum, ar- 
gentum publice signare (lit. to stamp it), 
Vet. Leg. in Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6: Plin.: to 
i. asses of half weight, asses sextantario 
pondere ferire (to coin them), Plin. 33, 
3, 13, 9 44. 

isthmus: 1, isthmus ov isthmos, 
i: esp. that of Corinth, Cic. Fat. 4, 7 
(where the form Isthmo, on the Isthmus 
= at the Isthmian games, occurs): 
Mela: that of the Chersonese, Mela, 2, 
2, med. 2. angustiae, arum (any 
narrow place): cf. Mela, 1. c., angustias 
(Chersonesi) Isthmon appellant: ef. Cic. 
Agr. 2, 32, 87, erat posita (Corinthus) 
in angustiis atque in faucibus Grae- 
ciae. 8. expr. by circuml., locus ubi 
duo maria tenui discrimine separantur, 
ef. Cic. I. c. 

it: is, ea, id, referring to a thing 
before mentioned, cf. L.G.§ 370. But 
more freq. not expressed, esp. when the 
object of a verb, L. G. § 371: also when 
it introduces an impers. sentence, it is 
left to be understood from the pers. of 
the verb, or the gender of an adj,, e. g. 
it is wearisome, is manifest, etc., taedet, 
manifestum est, etc. 

italics; *literae tenuiores ac paul- 
lum inclinatae, Kr.; or simply, literae 
inclinatae, Orell. ad Hor. S. 1, to, 
Excurs.; typi obliqui quos cursivos vo- 
cant, Nobbe, pref. Cic.; *quos nostrates 
Italicos appellant. 

itch (subs.): |. The disease so 
called : 1, scabies, éi, f.; (in cattle, 
the mange): Cels. 5, 28, 16: Just. 9. 
scabrities, éi, f. (rare in this sense): Col. 
(of beasts). (Cels. 5, 28, 17, describes 
several kinds of impétigo, of a very 
similar nature to scabies.) Having the 
i., pruriginosus, scabiosus, Gai. Dig. 21, 
1,3. |. The sensation: pruritus, pru- 
r1gO: V. ITCHING (subs.). II. 4 mor- 
bid desive: cacdethes, is, m. (rare): an 
incurable <. for scribbling, insanabile 
scribendi c., Juv. 9,51. Or by circuml., 
mala cupiditas s. cupido. (Also sca- 
bies, prurigo, are used fig., of conta- 
gious, irritating desire; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 
12, 14, inter scabiem tantam et contagia 
ned esp. lewd desire, Mart. . v. Forcell. 
8. V. 














itch (v.): {. Lit.: 1. pririo 
4: it males the whole face 1., totum os 
prurire facit, Scrib. : the more it 7.’s, the 
harder it is to cure, quo prurit magis, 
eo difficilius tollitur, Cels. 5, 28, 16. 
(Rodo, lit. to gnaw, appears to denote 
itching sensation, cf. Cels. 1. c. 19, im- 
petigo...exulcerata est et rodit ; ib. 18, 
leviter, vebementer roditur cutis, the 
skin %.’s slightly, excessively.) 2 
formico, 1 (v. rare): Plin. 30, 14, 43. 
Phr.: ¢f your ear i.'s, si tibi prurigine 
verminat auris, Mart. 14, 23 (but ver- 
mino strictly denotes an aching, or ex- 
cruciating pain). Il. Fig.: to be 
eager to do something: gestio, 4: Ii. to 
know all about it, gestio scire ista omnia, 
Cic. Att. 4, 11; ef. PL Amira, 
gestiunt pugni mihi (“my fists itch,” 
i.e. to be at some one). (N.B.—Prurio 
in fig. sense is used only of prurient 
desire.) 

itching (subs.) : 1, pruritus, ts: 
to cause intolerable %., p. intolerabilem 
facere, Plin. 30, 3, 8: Seren. Sam. 2. 
prurigo, inis, f.: Mart. 14, 23: Cels. 
Sometimes pl., it curves 7., prurigines 
sanat, Plin. 27, 4,5 §18. For fig. sense, 
V. ITCH (swbs.). 

itching (adj.).: Phr.: tohavei. ears, 
auribus prurire, Vulg. I. Tim. iv. 3 (but 
the phr. is not class.: perh. titillationem 
quandam auribus adhiberi cupere, cf. 
Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 113: V. TO TICKLE, fig.). 

itchy ; pruriginosus: v. 1TcH (subs.). 

item: expr. by singiili, ae, a: sepa- 
rate i.s (in an account), s. aera, Cic, fr. 

iterate; itéro, 1: v. TO REPEAT. 

iteration: expr. by itéro, 1: v. RE- 
PETITION. 

itinerant: circumforaneus (going 
about from town to town): an 7. apothe- 
cary, pharmacopola c., Cic. Cl. 14, 40 « 
Suet. 

itinerary; itinérarium: Veg. Mil. 
3, 6: so, itinerarium Antonini, ete. (Or 
by circumL., itineris descriptio, Forcell.: 
Kr.) 
itinerate: *per oppida, vicos, etc., 
iter facio. 

itself; v- HIMSELF. 

ivory (subs.) : 1. bur, ris, 7.: 
Cic.: Hor. 2. élépbantus, i (poet.): 
Virg. G. 3, 26. 

ivory (adj.): éburneus, Cic. Verr. 4, 
I, 13 poet. éburnus, Virg. G. 3,7: Hor.: 
Ov.: also, ébdreus (late): Plin.: Quint. 
Wrought or decorated with i., eboratus, 
eburatus, Pl. 2, 1, 48: Lampr. 

ivy; hédéra: Virg.: Ov.: Plin. Of 
7., hederaceus : e.g., h. folia, Plin. 16, 24, 
38: decorated with 7., bederatus (late), 
Gallien. in Trebell.: Paul. Nol. There 
was another kind of ivy called helix, 
Plin. 16, 34, 62 § 145; and an upright 
(rigens) species, called cissos, ib. § 152. 

ivy-mantled: hedera obsitus, ob- 
ductus: ¥. OVERGROWN. 


J. 


ABBER (v.): perh. blatéro, 1 (to 
bawl, talk idly): Hor.: Apul.: or, 

strépo, ui, itum, 3 (to make uny inar- 
ticulate sound or noise): V. NOISE. More 
precisely, *confusis vocibus strepere. 

jabberer: perh. blatéro, onis (@ 
prater): Gell. 1, 15. 

jabbering (subs.): (?) strépitus, Us: 
ef. Petr. 1, sententiarum vanissimus 
strepitus: V. NOISE. 

jack: |, A pike: (?)lipus: Hor. 

Il. For pulling off boots: *machina 

ad caligas detrahendas apta. Il. 4 
kind of frame: machina: v. Lat. Dict. 
S. V. IV. Prov.: Jack of all trades, 
ad omnia instructus, qui cuivis operi $. 
artificio se admiscet (?). 

jackal: *canis aureus: Linn. 
_ jJackanapes: perh. homo ineptus, 
ineptissimus: Vv. SILLY. 

jackass: ‘sinus: v. ass. For fig, 
sense, V. FOOL, BLOCKHEAD. 

jackdaw: (?) graciilus: cf. Phaedn 
I, 3.4 (but it is perhaps rather a jay) 


| (*Corvus monedula, Linn ) 








Pl. Pseud. | infantry) : 


JESTER 


Caes.: Liv. (passim). 


JOIN 


Se eee ee eee oa REP EGET STRESSED 
jesting (subs.): jOcatio: v. JOKING. 


JACKET 
jacket: tunica manuieata, 
2, 4, 48. 
jack-pudding: sannio: Cic. de Or. 
2, 1. fin. 


jade (subs.): j. A hack horse: 
nearest word caballus: V. HORSE. Prov.: 
let the galled j. wince, subducunt oneri 
colla perusta boves, Ov. Pont. I, 5. 24- 
Il. A vicious or ill-natured woman : 
(?) importuna mulier, cf. Cic. Clu. 63, 
177 (but the Eng. is much more homely). 
jaded (part. adj.) : détessus, fessus: 
Vv. WEARY, EXHAUSTED 

jagged: serratus (like the teeth of a 
saw): Plin.: Tac.: serratim scissus : 
Apul. Herb. (But as epith. of rocks, 
better scopulosus, asper, praeruptus: V. 
RUGGED, CRAGGY.) 

jail; carcer, éris, m.: V. GAOL. 

jail-bird : furcitfer, éri (strictly one 
who has undergone the punishment of 
the furca: v. GALLOWS): PL. Pseud. 1, 
3,142: Ter. 

jailer: v- GAOLER. 

jakes: latrina: v. PRIVY. 

jalap; *jilapa: M. L. 

j : baccae conditae, baccarum con- 
ditura: cf. Col.12, 45 and 46. (Savillum 
is a kind of cake: see the recipe, Cato, 
R. R. 84.) 

jamb: postis, is, m.: v. Post. 

jangle: Vv. TO WRANGLE, QUARREL. 

janissaries: *janissarii qui dicuntur. 

January : (mensis) Januarius: Cic. 

japan: perh. lacca: V. VARNISH. 

jar (subs.): |. A kind of vessel: 
J, olla, old form aula (whence aulu- 
laria, the jar comedy): an earthen j., 
o. fictilis, Col. 8, 8, med.: Cic. The lid 
of such, operculum, Colic. Q, fictile, 
is, n. (earthen-ware): Plin. 12, 25, 54 
§ 116 (but the newt. adj. is rarely used 
as subs. exceptin pl.). 3, cadus (usu. 
for wine; answering to our bottles) : 
Hor. pass. : also, for other purposes, ©. &. 
ror honey, Mart. 1, 55, 10: for fruits, 
lin.: etc. 4, amphora (a large jar 
with two handles: esp. for wine or 
olives, etc.) : cf. Hor. Od. 3, 31, “ad am- 
phoram:” an olive j., a- olearia, Cato, 
R. R. 10: Col. 5, dolium (a very 
large j., answering to our casks; From 
which wine was drawn off into amphorae 
or cadi: also for other purposes): Ter. 
Heaut. 3, 1, 51: Cato, R. R.69. Dimin. 
doliolum, Col.: Liv. 6, séria (similar 
to preced.): Ter. l. c.: Cato. I. 4 
discordant sound: vox absona, sonus 
discors: V. DISCORDANT. If. In phr. 
on the jar, ajar, semiapertus, semiada- 
pertus: V. HALF-OPEN. IV. 4 quarrel : 
rixa: V. FRAY, QUARREL. 

jar (v.): dissonum sonum edere. 

jargon: *vocis inanis atque inexpli- 
cabilis strepitus; confusae voces: Petr. 
Sat. 1, has sententiarum vanissimus 
strepitus. 

jarring (aj.): dissdnus, discors: 
Y. DISCORDANT. 

jasmin; *jasminum. 

jasper: laspis, idis, f.= Plin® 34; 8; 
39: Virg.: Mart. Of j., iaspideus, 
Plin.; iaspius, Anthol. 

jaundice: morbus régius s. arquatus, 
Cels. 3, 243 m. ictericus, Forcell.: also, 
*ictérus (in Plin. 30, It, 28, denoting a 
bird the sight of which was supposed to 
cure the disease), Milligan’s Cels. l. c. 
(med. f. t.); suffusio fellis, Plin. 22, 23, 
49. A person who has the j., ictericus, 
Plin. 20, 9, 343 arquatus, ib. 20, 11, 44 
(in both cases pl.); qui morbo regio, 
etc., laborat. Phr.: it is good for j., 
prodest felle suffusis, Plin. 22, 21, 30. 

jaundiced: ictéricus, felle suffusus, 
ete.: v. preced. art. Phr.: to see things 
with aj. eye, perh. *omnia in deteriorem 
partem interpretari, male interpretari, 
cf. Sen. Ep. 63,6; *omnia interpretando 
pro deterioribus habere. 

jaunt: excursio: Plin. Ep. 1, 3, 2. 
To take a j., excurrere, ib. 3. 4,2- (To 
denote that pleasure is the object of the 
journey, animi causa or some such expr. 
must be added.) 

jaunty: perb. végétus, alicer: v. 
FRESH, LIVELY. 

javelin: 1, pilum (used by Roman 












: acerba c., Suet. Tib. 57. To say inj., 
| 
| 


Ron ah 
j 


Caes. B. 
To throw the j., jaculari, Cic. 
ie one uho fights uth a iss 
jiv.; the ac/, jaculatio, Plin. 


jactlum (any dart or j.) : 
5: Caes. 
11 eae ey CF, 
jaculator, 


(title of a lost work, equestris jaculatio, | 


| Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 2)- 
| SILE, WEAPON. 
Virg.: Tib. ; 
javelin-man: jiaciilator: Liv. 
jaw: 1, malae, arum (v. rare in 
sing., and denoting the immoveable part 
of the jaws: cf. Cels. 8, 1, med., malae | 
cum toto osse quod superiores dentes 
exigit immobiles sunt): Lucr.: Virg.: 
Hor. (who once has sing., Od. 2, 19, 24). 
9, maxilla (the moveable part of | 
the lower jaw): Cels.1.c. (Plin. 11, 37. | 
60, has maxillae superiores, to denote the 
[supposed] moveable upper jaw of the 
crocodile.) . fig. fauces, ium, f. 
(strictly, throat): cf. Cic. Arch. 9, 20, 


3, télum: v. MIS- 
4, véru, iis, 7. (poet.): 





belli ore ac faucibus ereptam esse urbem. 

jawbone: maxilla (v. preced. art.) : 
Vulg. Jud. xv. 15. 

jay: (?)gracitlus: Plin.: v. Dr. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. (*Corvus glandarius, 
Linn.) 

jealous: 1, invidus: v. ENVIOUS. 
Oft. fig., j. fate, i. fatum, Phaedr. 5, 7, 


5: j. time, i. aetas, Hor. Od. 1, 11, 7. | 
9. lividus: v. ENVIOUS. a 
aemilus: Vv. EMULOUS, RIVAL. To be j. | 


of any one, aemulari alicui, Cic. Tuse. 
I, 19, 44. 4, zelét¥pus, a (esp. in | 
love): Juv. 5, 45: Petr. (femina zelo- 
typa), Satyr. 69). 

jealously: Vv. ENVIOUSLY. 

jealousy : 1, zelotypia (esp. in 
love): Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18: Plin. (ef. 
preced. art.). 2, aemiilatio (a feeling 


| Ov. M. 3, 264: Manil. 





of j.): Cic. Tusc. I, 19, 44. For gen. 
sense, V. ENVY. 
jeer (v.): 1. cavillor, 1 (usu. 


rather, to banter): cf. Liv. 5, 15, where 
it is used of hostile soldiers jeering each 
other: cf. id. 2, 58, extr. 2. derideo, 
irrideo, illido: v. TO DERIDE, MOCK. 

jeer (subs.): irrisio, irrisus (esp. in 
dat. or abl.): Vv. MOCKERY, RIDICULE. 
Phr.: amidst the j.s of the spectators, 
*irridentibus iis qui spectabant (also, 
cum irrisione spectantium, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 
38, extr.). 

jeering (adj.): Phr.: in a j. man- 
ner, ab irrisu, Liv. 7, 10, med. (unusual 
constr. = cum irrisione s. irrisu). 

jeeringly ; cum irrisione, etc.: Y. 
preced. art. Or expr. by part., they sa id 
j., cavillantes, irridentes, illudentes dix- 
erunt, cf. Vulg. Matt. xxvii. 41. 

jejune: jejunus, exilis, siccus, aridus: 
v. RY (LV.), MEAGRE. 

jejunely: jejane: Join: jejune et 
exiliter, Cic. de Or. 1, IT, 50. 

jejuneness: jejunitas: Cic. Or. 55, 
202. Join: jejunitas et siccitas et 
inopia, Cic. Or. 82, 285. 

jelly: perh. cylon or quilon, Veg. 
Vet. 3, 38: v. Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v., 
where it is probably explained as jus 
gelatum (congelatum) or jelly: cf. ib. 66, 
fervere, ut quilon fiat, to boil to a jelly. 

jelly-fish: pulmo, Onis, m.: Plin. 9, 
47. 71: also, halipleumon, Onis, mM. ; 
Plin. 32, 11, 53 § 149- 

jeopardize: in periculum adduco . 
V. TO ENDANGER. 

jeopardy: péricilum: v. DANGER. 

jerk (v.): subito motu propulsare (?). 
jerkin: tiinica: v. COAT. 


jersey: *tunica lanea. 
jessamine: V- JASMIN. 
jest (subs.): 1, jocus: in j., per 
jocum, Pl. Am. 3, 2, 39: also joco (ne 
joco quidem mentiri). Nep. Epam. 3: v. 
JOKE, SPORT. 9, cavillatio: a bitter 





jocari: Cic.: v. TO JOKE. 
jest: 1, cavillor, 1: to 7. about a 
thing, in aliqua re ¢., Gic.. N; D: 3; 34, 
83: also with direct acc., to j. at any- 
thing, e. g. togam praetextam, Cic. Q. Fr. 
Zeke! Q, jdcor, 1: V. TO JOKE. 
jester: j, scurra: Vv. BUFFOON. 
9, fatuus: to amuse oneself with 
a j. (“fool”), fatuo delectari, Sen. Ep. 


| beams together, tigna inter 





2. 
G. 5, | (See also JEST.) 


jestingly: per jocum: v. Jest. To 
say a thing j. jocari aliquid, Hor. S. 1, 
5, 62: Cic. 

jesuit: jésuita; e societate Jesu, 
S. J. (the latter expr. is used by the 
order). 

jesuitical ; *ex moribus Jesuitarum 
petitus. 

jesuitically : *Jesuitarum more, 

jesuit’s-bark: *cinchona: Pharm. 

Jesus: Jésus; gen. dat. voc. and abl. 
Jésii, ace. -um. 

jet (subs.): |. A spout or shoot of 
water : expr. by exsilio, salio (applicable 
to any gushing spring): a fountain 
with several 7.8, *fons ubi pluribus locis 
exsilit aqua, cf. Plin. 31, 10, 46 § 107. 

||. 4 kind of mineral: (2) gagates, 


| ae, m., Plin. 36, 19, 34. 


jet, jet-black: niger, nigerrimus: 
V. BLACK. 

jetty: moles, is, f. (any mound or 
pile veaching out into the sea): Vv. PIER. 

Jew: Jidaeus: Hor.: Tac. 

jewel: gemma: v. GEM. 

jewelled: 1, gemmeus: aj. ladle, 
g. trulla, Cic. Also fig., 7. peacocks, g. 
pavones, Mart. 3, 58, 13: Plin. 2. 
gemmans, ntis: J. sceptre, g. sceptra, 
3. gemmosns: 
Apul. 4, gemmifer, éra, érum: 
Val. FL. 

jeweller: gemmarius: Inscr. Orell. 

Jewess: Judaea: Vulg Acts xvi. £ 
(al. viduae) ; mulier Judaica (preferable). 

Jewish: Jiidaicus: Cic.: Tac. 

jibe: nearest word perh. convicium : 
Vv ABUSE. 

jig: i.e. a kind of light dance: sal- 
tatio levis, citata: cf. Cat. 63, 25. 

jill-flirt: puella proterva, procax: 
V. WANTON. 

jilt (swbs.): Vv. FLIRT. 

jilt (v.): perh. répiidio, 1 (strictly, of 
aman, to break with a betrothed lady): 
Ter. : Suet. 

jingle (v.): tinnire, tinnitum edere: 
Vv. TO TINKLE. 

jingle (subs.): tinnitus, is: Virg.: 
Ov.: V. TINKLING. Fig.: the j. of Galli, 
tinnitus Gallionis, Auct. Dial. Or. 26. 
Phr.: mere 7. (verse), nugae canorae, 
Hor. A. P. 322. 

jingling: tinnitlus: v. TINKLING. 
Fig.: of crators, Quint. 2, 3, 9. 

job: i.e. a piece of work: Opus, éris, 
n.: ators) j., Spissum opus et operosum, 
Cic. \. Fr. 2, 14, ad init. 


jobber: i.e. one who engages in 
small transactions: perh. caupo: V. 
HUCKSTER. 


jockey (subs.) : agaso: v. GROOM. 

jockey (v.): V- TO CHEAT, DECEIVE. 

jocose: 14, jocdsus (full of sport) = 
Cic.: Hor.: v. sporTIVE. Q, ridictlus 
(not of persons in this sense): to say 
anything ina j. manner, per ridiculum 
(opp. to severe) aliquid dicere, Cic. Off. 
I, 37, 134: V. RIDICULOUS, AMUSING. 

jocosely : 1, jdcdsé: Cic.: Hor. 

9. jociilariter (rare): Suet.: Plin. 

See also JEST. 

jocoseness: ¢xpr. by jécus, jécose . 
to provoke to mirth and 9., ad_hilari- 
tatem et jocos provocare, Suet. Cal. 27: 
to answer with j., jocose respondere: V. 
preced. artt. 

jocular : jiciilaris, e : Ter.: 
JOCOSE. 

jocularity : V- JOCOSENESS. 

jocularly : Vv. JOCUSELY. 

jocund: biliris,e: v. MERRY. 

jog (.): |. To nudge: fddico, 1: 
¥Y.TONUDGE. [J], 70 move steadily on: 
lente gradior (R. and A.). (Not repo 
[R. and A.}, which is to creep along.) 

jog (subs.): Phr.: to give any one@ 
j» fodico: v. preced. art. 

jog-trot: lentus s. remissus gressus. 

join: . Trans.: |, Zo bring 
together : ]. jungo, xi, ctum, 3: tog. 
se j., Caes, 
B. G. 4, 17: Cic.: foil. by dat., Virg. 
Aen. 8, 485; ad and acc., Cic. Fin. 5, T4, 
40; by cum, Cic. Br. 97, 331 (not with: 
out a slight difference of meaning: v. 

425 


Cic. cf. 


JOINER 





JOLT 





nfr.). Join: jungere et copulare [res 
inter se], Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 222 (fig.). 
Specially, to j. (a woman) in matrimony, 
connubio j., Virg. Aen. 1, 733 (in) ma- 
trimonio j., Curt. So comps. (1) con- 
jungo, 3 (to j. together): same constr. 
as simple verb, though that with cum 
is usu. preferred: Caes.: Cic. (N.B.— 
By the dat. of the remoter object, mate- 
rial conjunction is denoted, as, conjun- 
gere castra muro, Caes. B. C. 2, 253 by 
ad, the addition of one thing to another, 
as, si landem ejus ad utilitatem causae 
nostrae conjunxerimus, Quint. 4, I, 16; 
by cum, an identity of relation between 
the things brought together, as, decus 
omne virtutis cum summa eloquentia 
junxisses, Cic. Br. 97, 331.) (2) less freq. 
in this sense, adjungo: esp. with ref. to 
territory: cf. Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 5, hos agros 
P. Romuno Servilii victoria adjunxit : id. 
Manil. 12, 35, totam ad imperium P B 
Ciliciam adjunxit. 2, connecto, xui, 
xum, 3: V. TO CONNECT. 3, copiilo, 1 
(denoting a closer union than jungo, to 
which it is sometimes subjoined) : Cic. 
(v. supr. 1). 4, continuo, 1 (to join 
in unbroken succession): to j. two or 
more houses in one, binas aut amplius 
domos c., Sall. Cat. 20, med.: Cic.: Liv. 
5, commitio, isi, issum, 3 (60 bring 
into conmxion or contact): a mole, to 
j. the city to the mainland, moles quae 
urbem continenti committeret, Curt. 4, 
2, med.: ef. infr. (B.,1). Esp. in phr., 
committere proelium, pugnam, to j. 
battle, Caes.: Cic.: Liv.: less freq., 
aciem committere, Flor. 4, 2, 46. 6. 
other less freq. syns., cOagmento, I (to 
j. together in an organism or Srame- 
work), Cic.; coaduno, I (to j. im one: V. 
rare), Ulp. Dig ; conglitino, 1 (¢o cement 
together), Cic. IJ. Zo come to in ad- 
dition, as companion : 1, stipervénio, 
4 (with dat. or absol.): the practor j..d 
them as they ee making preparations 
for the siege, parantibus jam oppugnare, 
supervenil praetor, Liv. 42, 56, med. : 
of military reinforcements, csr A, 
25. Join: addere se socium atque 
supervenire, Virg. E. 6, 20. 9, inter- 
vénio, 4 (to come up while something is 
going on: with dat. or absol.) : Cic. 
de Or. 1, 3, 14: Liv. 3, occurro, i, 
rsum, 3(to meet): Hor.S.1,5,41. 4, 
convenio, 4: v.10 COME TOGETHER. See 
also TO COME UP. Ill. Zo take a par- 
ticular side: 1, transeo, transgrédior : 
Vv. TO GO OVER. 9, societaven. “cum 
aliquo) coeo: Cic.: v. ALLIANCE. Phr.: 
to j. no side, nullius partis esse, Asin. 
Poll. in Cic. Fam. 10, 31. B. in- 
trans.: |. Zo be connected with, as 
Sy a joint: 1, expr. by committo, 
3 (usu. as pass. refl.): the ribs j. the 
breast-bone, costae committuntur cum 
osse pectoris, Cels. 8, I, med.: also with 
dat., Ov. M. 12, 315 (qua naris fronti 
committitur). 2, expr. by pass. part. 
of conjungo, adjungo (implying simple 
contact): the camp of Varus jd the 
wall, muro conjuncta castra Vari (erant), 
Caes. B. C. 2, 15. |]. To join in, take 
part in: 1, particeps, socius, adjutor 
alicujus rei sum: Cic. Att. 9, 10, med. 
9. intersum, irr. (to be present at 
and take part in: with dat.); to j.in 
deliberations, consiliis i, Cic. Att. 14, 
22, fin. Phr.: to j. im the conversa- 
tion, *sermoni se admiscere. 
joiner: J, lignarius: Pall. R. R. 
T6302. 9. intestinarius (cabinet- 
maker): Imp. Codd. 
joint: 1, commissura (gen. term) : 
flexible j.s (of the fingers), molles c., 
Cic. N. D. 2, 60, init. : also of inanimate 
things, as the seams of ships, Plin. 16, 
, O4. 9, artictilus (of animated 
bodies, including the parts of the bones 
at the joint, or the bone itself where 
small: whereas commissura is the seam 
only): the j. by which the neck is con- 
nected with the head, a. quo jungitur 
capiti cervix, Liv. 27, 49, init.: the Jin- 
gers have three j.s, digiti a. habent 
ternos, Plin. 11, 43, 99: also of plants, 
Cic. Sen. 15, 53. 3, nodus (like pre- 
ved.) : cf. Caes. B. G. 6, 27 crura sine 
426 





JOY-INSPIRING 





nodis articulisque habent (alces): v. 
KNOT. 4, internodium (in plants: 
the part between tivo knots, nodi): the 
js of a reed, arundinis internedia, Plin. 
Oa ed) 2 5, géniciilum (in plants 
= nodus): Plin. 26, 11, 71. ver- 
ticitla, verticiilus (a joint on which part 
of anorganism tuins ; asu. pl.) : of tie 
spine, Sulin. (verticuli); of machinery, 
Vitr. 10, 8 (13), 1 (verticulae). z 
vertébra (specially, of the spine = spon- 
dylus; but also any joint): cf. Sen. Ep. 
78, 8, podagra et chiragra et omnis ver- 
tebrarum dolor: Plin.: v. VERTEBRA. 
8, junctiira (=commissura) : Ov. 
9, coagmentum (in carpentry, 
ete.): Pl.: Caes, Full of j.s, articulosus, 
Plin.: joint by joint, articulatim, PI. 
jointed (part. adj.): 1, verté- 
pratus (furnished with a joint or joints, 
so that the parts play on each other) : 
Plin. 11, 37, 67. 9, géniciilatus (of 
pants): a 9. stall, culmus ¢., Cic. Sen. 
15, 51: Plin. 3, articilosus (having 
many joints or Ienots): Plin. (Or expr. 
by circuml., the stem is j., caulis [plures, 
mulios] articulos s. nodos habet.) 
joint-heir: cohéres, édis, ¢.: Cie. : 
or 


jointly; 1. conjuncté:Cic. 2, con- 
junctim : Caes.: Nep. 3, ina: v. TOGE- 
THER. 4, comminiter: v. COMMON (IX). 
Phr.: to have wives j., uxores inter se 
communes habere. Cues. B. G. 5, 14. 

joint-stock-company: nearest 
term, sociétas. 

jointure: Phr.: to assign a BS 
*mulieri (uxori) pecunias proprio jure 
habendas assignare: that province had 
been the queen’s j., *reginae in matri- 
monium collocatae ea provincia ut pro- 
pria cesserat. 

joist ; tignum transversarium (any 
cross-beam) : Caes, B. C. 2,15. In pl., 
transversaria (swbs.), Vitr. 

joke (subs.) : 1, jécus, pl. -i and 
-a: defined as anything contrary to ear- 
nest, Quint. 6, 3, 21: for the sake of a js 
joci caus&, Cic. Ph. 2, 17, 42: im Jos per 
jocum: v. gest. (N.B.—The forms Joci 
and joca are used without difference of 
meaning ; but, excepting Cic. and Lucr., 
most writers use joci.) Dimin. joculus, 
PL. 9, jocatio: Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 2. 

3. ridiciilum (esp. as rhet. ¢. t., the 

ridiculous: Gr. ro yeAotov): ef. Cic. Or. 
26: Quint. 6, 3,22: to say wm j., per r. 
dicere, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 134 4, bonum 
dictum (a bon mot): Vv. WITTICISM. 
Phr.: to turn the edge of censure by 
a j., joculari responsione eludere, Gell. 
12, 12: to make j.s, say a thing in j., 
jocari, Cic.: ¥. JEST. 

joke (”.): 1, jécor, 1: to 7. about 
a thing, j. de aliqua re, Cic. Fam. 7, 115 
at anything, in aliquam rem, Hor. S. 1, 
5. 62: also absol., do you think she is 
j.ing, tu hance j. credis? Ter. Heaut. 4, 
4,7: Cic. 9. cavillor, I: v. TO JEST. 
Join: cavillari ac jocari [cum aliquo}, 
Cie. 3. irrideo, si, sum, 3 (to laugh 
over anything): do you j. about so grave 
a matter, irrides in re tanta? Ter. Heaut. 
5, 25 20- 4, liido, si, sum, 3 (not to 
be in earnest): you think I am j.ing, 1. 
me putas, Plin. Ep. 1, 11,1: also as 
v, trans., I j.d him neatly enough, lusi 
eum jocose satis, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12. 

joker: 1, cavillator: Cic. Att. 1, 
13, med.: PI. 9, jocilator (v. rare): 
Cic. Att. 4, 16,2. Phr.: to be a great 
j-, Multi esse jovi, Cie. (in Kr.) 

joking: expr. by verb: two kinds of 
j. duplex jocandi genus, Cic.: v. TO 
JOKE. Phr.: j. apart, remoto joco, Cic. 
Fam 17, tr; omissis jocis, Plin. Ep. 1, 
21; extrajocum, Cic. Fam. 7, 16. 

jokingly: per jocum ; jocans; etc.: 
V. JOKE (subs.). 

jollity; hilaritas: v. MIRTH. JBI 
to give way to j., genio indulgere, Pers. 
5, 1513 sese invitare largius in coena, 
in convivio, etc.: Vv. TO TREAT. 

jolly; hilaris, e: v. CHEERFUC. [9 
have a j. day, diem luculenter habere, 
P). Ep. I, 2, 54: Vv. TO ENngoy (5). 

jolt (v.): 1, jacto, 1 (to toss about) : 


| cf. Liv. 21, 48, vexatio vulneris in via 





jactanti : v. TO TOSS. 9, succiitio, ssi, 
ssum, 3; cf. Ov. M. 2, 166, succutitut 
alte (currus solis). 3. concitio, 3 (gen. 
term): ef. Cels. 3, 21, med., concutiendum 
corpus multa gestatione : Vv. TO SHAKE. 

jolt, jolting (swbs.): jactatio: cf. 
Liv. 29, 32, med., ubi primum ducta 
cicatrix, patique posse visa jaclationem 
(sc. itineris) : Vv. preced. art. 

jorum:: olla: v. JAR, vor. 

jostle; pulso, 1: ef. Cic. N. D.1, 41, 
114, pulsari atque agitari incursione 
atomorum sempiterna also, Ulp. Dig. 
47, 10, 5 § 1, verberare est cum dolore 
caedere, pulsarve sine dolore. See also 
TO ELBOW. 

jostling (subs.): pulsatio (?): v. pre- 
ced. art. 

jot (subs.): Phr.: not a 7. (lit. a 
hair) the less, ne pilo quidem minus, 
Cic. Q Fr. 2, 16, extr.; baud tantillo 
minus, Pl. Most. 2. 1, 47: not to care a 
j. for anything, bujus non facere, Tar. 
Ad. 2,1, 9: so with nauci, pili, nibili, cf. 
L. G. § 281, Obs. 2. 

jot (v.): usu. to jot down: anndto, 
énodto, 1: V. TO NOTE DOWN. 

jottings ; commentarius, -um (notes 
for literary work): cf. Cic. Br. 44, 165, 
capita rerum et orationis commenta- 
rium; or perh. annotationes, annotati- 
unculae (observations, comments): V. 


ANNOTATION, 

journal: 1, &phéméris, idis, f 
(Gr. éypepis): to refer to one’s j 
(diary), ad eph. reverti, Cic. Quint. 15, 
57: it contained a record of expenditure, 
Nep. Att. 13, fin.: Prop. 2. pure 
Lat. diurni commeniarii: Suet. Aug. 64 
(v. Casaub. in Burm. a. 1.): for which 
also, acta diurna, id. Caes. 203 diurna 
actorum scriptura (of a public kine) 
Tac. A. 3, 33; diurnum, Juv. 6, 482 ' 
diurna, orum, Tac. A. 16 22,med. (The 
term acta diurna. or simply diurna, is 
best suited to denote a newspaper.) 3, 
commentarius, -um (less freq.): V. NOTE, 
MEMORANDUM. 

journalist: *(actorum) diurnorum 
contector ; qui (acta) diurna conficit. 

journey (swbs.) : 1, iter, itinéris, 
n.: to commence a j. on foot, i. pedibus 
ingredi, Cic. Sen. 10, 34: to make prepa- 
rations for a j., i. comparare (parare), 
Nep. Alc. 10: distant j.s, longinqua i., 
Muret. in Kr.: @ day’s j., i. unius diei, 
Cic. Fam. 15, 4, med. 2. peregrinatio 
(to a foreign country; including rest- 
dence there): to undertake foreign js, 
peregrinationes suscipere, Plin. 30, 1, 
2§9: Cic. 3, profectio (setting out) : 
Suet.: Vell. Phr.: to set out on a jour- 
ney, dare se in viam, Cic. Fam. 14, 125 
proficisci (v. TO SET OUT). 

journey (.): 1, proficiscor, 3 (¢o 
start): v. TO SET OUT. 2. most freq. 
expr. by iter with a verb: i facere, Cic. 
Att. 8, 11, D; conficere, ib. 5, 145 agere 
(to be on a journey), Ulp. Dig. 47, 5, 6 

3. pérégrinor, 1 (into foreign parts) : 

v. TO TRAVEL. 

journeyman: mercenarius artifex : 
v. HIRED. (Mercenarius in diem cone 
ductus, Kr.) 

jovial: hilaris, e: v. MERRY. 

joviality : hilaritas: v. MIRTH. 

jowl: v. CHEEK. 

joy (subs.): 1, gaudium: to feel ex- 
cessive jou, gaudio compleri, Cic. Fin. 5, 
24, 69; cumulari maximo g,, id. Fin. 9, 
14, init.; triumphbare gaudio, id. Clu. 5, 
143 incredibili g. elatum esse, id. Fam. 
10, 12, ad init. 9, laetitia (stronger 
than gaudium : exuberant joy): to cause 
very great joy in all, omnes maxima |}. 
afficere, Caes. B. G. 5, 48, fin.: to fvel 
excess of joy (ecultation), exsultare lae- 
titia, Cic. Clu. 5,14; gestire, id. Fin. 2, 
4,14. Phr.: to shed tears of j., lacri- 
mare gaudio, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 55: ef. Pl 
St. 3, 3, 13. prae laetitia lacrymae prae- 
siliumt mihi! (but this use of prae is 
hardly class. except in negative sen- 
tences). See also DELIGHT. 

joy (v.): gaudeo, gavisus, 25 gestio, 
4: V. TO REJOICE: cf. preced. art. 

joy-inspiring: laetificus (poet.), 
laetus: Vv. JOYOUS. 


— - - 


JOYFUL 





joyful: laetus: Ter.: Cic.: v. GLAD. 

To be j., laetari, gaudére: Vv. TO REJOICE. 
See also CHEERFUL, DELIGHTFUL. 

joyfully: J, laeté: Cic.: Vell. 

. expr. by laetus, laetabundus 

(L. G. § 343): I do this j., laetus hoc 

facio: uso, laetanti animo, Cic. Clu. 9, 

28; laeto vultu, ore, etc. (if expression 
is denoted), Cic, Att. 8, 9, I, etc. 3. 


libens, libenter: v. CHEERFULLY, GLADLY. | 


joyless;: illaetabilis, e (poet.) : Virg.: 
Stat. See also SAD, GLOOMY. Pbhr.: 
to be j., voluptatibus carere, Cic. Sen. 
12, 39. 

joyous: 1, laetus, laetabundus 
(the latter only of persons): Vv. JOYFUL. 

Q. laetificus (joy-producing : poet ): 

Lucr. 1, 194. 

joyously: v. JOYFULLY. 

jubilant: perh. triumphans gaudio, 
laetitia exsultans: cf. Cic. Clu. 5, 14 
(jubilans, part. of jubilo, to raise the cry 
of joy, Ger. jodel). 
jubilee; jubilaeus: Vulg. Levit. xxv. 
10 (jubilum is a cry of joy: v. preced. 
art. ). 

Judaical: v. JEWwIsH. 

Judaism: Jidiismus: Vulg. Gal. i. 


13, 14: Tert. 
judaize: jidaizo, 1 (¢o live as a 
Jew): Vuly. Gal. ii. 14. 


judge (subs.): |, A civil officer : 
1, judex, icis (in Roman use, applied 
to the bench of jurors; the presiding 
judge being called judex quaestionis or 
quaesitor, in criminal cases: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 6, 432, where the term quaesitor 
is applied to Minos in the inferi, the 
gen. term judex having been used imme- 
diately befure ; judex serves best to de- 
note the judicial function, in widest 
sense): a most excellent aud sagactous 
4; j. verissimus et sapientissimus, Cic. 
. Am. 30, 84: opp. tu judex nequam 
et levis, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, 30: Vulg. 
(=Hebr. Shophetim). 2, quaesitor: 
v. supr. (1). 3, réctipérator (in cer- 
tain special cases, esp. of @ summary 
kind): Cic.: Fest.: v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s.v. Phr.; to act as j., quaes- 
tioni praeesse, Cic. Clu. 33, 89; judicium 
exercere, Cic Arch. extr. |]. Jn gen. 
seuse, one who has to express an opinion : 
1, jadex : a competent j. of duty, 
satis idoneus officii j., Cic. Sull. 18, 50. 
Join: [aequus] existimator et judex, 
Cic. Fin. 3,2,6. 2, existimator (esp. 
in the way of criticism): a skilful, in- 
telligent, etc., judge, ex. doctus, intelli- 
gens, Cic. (cf. supr., I, 1): no mean j., 
non levis ex. [neque aspernabilis], Gell. 
20, I, ad init. 3, aestimator (an ap- 
preciator, in pecuniary or other sense) : 
Cic. Mar. 5, 15 (aestimator rerum) : 
Val. Max. 
judge (v.): 1, jidico, r (in most 
uses): to 7. rightly and in due course, 
recte et ordine j., Cic. R. Am. 48, 128; 
fairly and honestly, ex aequo et bono, 
id. Caec. 23, 65 ; impartially sine amore 
et cupiditate, sine odio et invidia, id. 
Mar. 9, 29; falsely, falsum, id. 21, 49. 
Join: fsic] statuo et judico (non-legal), 
Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 122. 9, existimo, 1 
(in non-legal sense): Vv. TO THINK, CON- 
SIDER, 3, aestimo, 1: v. TO VALUE, 
APPRECIATE. 4, censeo, ui, um, 2 
(the usu. word to denote a formal ex- 
pression of opinion): most j.d it best to 
march by night, plerique censebant ut 
noctu iter facerent, Caes. B. C. 1, 67: 
esp. in the senate, Cic.: V. TO RESOLVE, 
DETERMINE. Phr.: each must j. for 
himself, suo cuique judicio est utendum, 
Cie. N. D. 3,1, 13 suum judicium ad- 
hibere, ib. 1, 5, 10: to 7. of others by 
oneself, de se conjecturam facere, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 74, 299. 
— between: dijidico, 1: Cic. 
Caes. 
judgment: |. In legal sense: 
1, judicium: to sit in 7.,j. exercere, 
Cic. Arch. extr.: also. a legal decision : 
to give j. in accordance with the edict, 
j. ex edicto dare, Cic. Fl. 35, 88; to re- 
ceive, submit to it, j. accipere, id. Quint. 
20, 63. 2. arbitrium (decision of an 
arbiter): v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 











JULY 


JUST 





To pronounce j., jus dicere, Cic. Fam. 
13, 143 judicare : v. To supGE (1.) ll. 
The last judgment: summum illud s. 


/extremum judicium, Lact. 2, 123 7, 26. 
Wl. Any opinion which | 


(R. and A.) 
is the result of consideration : 
jidicium: it was always my j., meum 
semper j. fuit, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 1: the j. 


of the multitude, multitudinis j., ib. 2, 


26, 63. Q, sententia: v.OPrNion. 3, 
very oft. expr. by judico, existimo, 
censeo: this is my j., ita judico, statuo, 
censeo, etc.: V. TO JUDGE (IL.). IV. 
The faculty of judging: 1, jadicium: 
to use one’s oun j., suum j. adhibere, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 10: to possess very keen 
j.» peracre j. habere, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 
ad med. ; acri magnoque esse J., cf. Plin. 
Me22, as 2. acute j., subtilitas judi- 
candi, Wyttenb. in Kr. See also rRu- 
DENCE, SAGACITY. 

judgment-day; novissima illa dies, 
dies extremi judicii: cf. Lact. 7, 26. 

judgment-hall: praetorium (where 
the pruetor or governor sat): Vulg. 
Matt. xxvii. 27. 

judicature: |. Judicial power: 
jairisdictio: v. surispicTION. To have 
the j., jus dicere, Cic. Fam. 13, 14. Il. 
Those exercising such power: V¥. COURT 

judicial : |. Pertaining to the 
1, expr. 


courT (VL.). 
3, jidiciarius (connected with the 

judicia): 7. gains (bribery), quaestus j, 
Cic. Clu. 26.72. 4, forensis (relating 
to the bav) +: v. FORENSIC. — ||, In/licted 
as a judgment: Phr.: j. blindness, *ea 
caecitas quae non solum peccatum est 
sed et poena peccati (R. and A., based 
on S. Aug.); *caecitas Divini numinis 
vindex. 

judicially : lege, jire: v. Law. 

judicious: 1. sapiens: a moderate 
and 9. regulation, modica et s. tempe- 
ratio, Cic. Leg. 3, 7, extv.: so used as 
surname of C. Laelius, C. F., “ the gudi- 
cious or prudent:” cf. Hor. S. 2, 4, 44. 

8. acri s. subtili judicio (én matters 

of criticism or taste): Vv. JUDGMENT 
(IV.) See also PRUDENT, SAGACIOUS. 

judiciously : 1, sapienter: v. 
WISELY. Q, acri, magno judicio: Plin. 
Ep. I, 22. 3. See also PRUDENTLY. 

judiciousness: pridentia, consilium 
(prudence and sagacity in widest sense) : 
V. PRUDENCE, SAGACITY. 

jug: urceus; dimin. urcedlus: v. 
PITCHER. 

juggle (subs.): v. JUGGLING. 

juggle (v.): praestigias agere (R. 
and A.). 


juggler ; 1, praestigiator : Sen. Ep. 
45,7: Pl.: Varr. 2, planus (an itine- 
rant of a low order ; a vagabond, cheat) : 
v. imposToR. (For which also, circula- 
tor, Sen. Ben. 6, 11, 2=mountebank.) 





pilarius, ventilator (player of 


tricks with balls, etc.): Quint. 10, 7, Il. 
jugglery / praestigiae, arum: v. 
juggling { TRICK. 
jugular: the j. vein, vena juguiaris: 

Med. t¢. ¢. (R. and A.). 
juice: sticus ov succus: to express 

the j.s of herbs, herbarum sucos ex- 

primere, Petr. 88: the j. of the grape, 


jumble (v.): misceo, permiscec ; con- 
fundo: v. TO MIX, ConFUSE. The sense 
may be more exuctly expr. by adding 
temere, passim: cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58, 
domus quae temere et nullo consilio ad- 
ministratur (where there is no order, but 
everything is jumbled up together). 

jumble (svbs.): (?) congéries, Gi: cf 
Ov. Met. 1, 33: *res temere ac sine 
ordine permixtae. 

jump (v.): salio; with comps. de 
silio, consilio, etc.: Vv. TO LEAP. 

jump (subs.): saltus, is: v. LEAP. 
f junction: |, Act of joining: con 
junctio, junctio: v. CONJUNCTION, CON- 
NEXION. Phr.: to effect a 7. with the 
army of another, cum alicujus copiis se 
conjungere, lVlanc. in Cic, Fam. 10, 18, 
extr.: Caes. B.G.1, 37, fin.: also, conjungi 
alicui, Liv. 27, 46, fim.; jungi (absol. of 
the j. of two armies), id. 25, 35, init 

Il. Of rivers: v. CONFLUENCE, 

juncture: i. e. particular time: 
tempus, tempestas: Vv. EMERGENCY, 
CRISIS. 

June: (mensis) Jiinius: Cic.: Ov. 

jungle: *locus uliginosus et virgultis 
obsitus. 

junior: 1. jiinior (in special sense, 
denoting a legal Limit of years): centu- 
ries of seniors and js, centuriae seni- 
orum ac j., Liv. 1, 43, iit. 9. minor 
with or without natu (in ordinary use): 
he is (m") j. by a very few years, est 
minor pauculis annis, Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 3 
v. YOUNG. 

juniver: jinipérus: Virg.: Plin 
J.-berries, *junipera, orum (acc, to ana 
logy). 

junk: naviginm, navis (gen. term) 

junket: v. SWEETMEAT. 

juridical; jaridicus: Plin. 

jurisconsult: jurisconsultus (Ictus): 
Cic.: Gell. : v. LAWYER. 

jurisdiction : jurisdictio: Cic.: Sen. 
Join- (sub) jus, jurisdiciionem, potes- 
tatem, Cic. Agr. 2, 36, 98. Phr.: to 
exercise j., jus dicere, Cic. Fam. 13, 14. 

jurisprudence: jurispridentia (as 
science): Ulp. Dig. 1, 1, 10: Just. Inst. 
init.: in Cic., as two words, de Or. 1, 
60, 256 (but prudentia juris may also 
denote knowledge of the subject, sub- 
jectively): also, simply prudentia, Just. 
Inst prooem § 2. Phr.: knowledge of 
j., juris (civilis, publici) scientia, cf. Cie. 
Sen. 4, 12: thoroughly acquainted with 
j» peritus, peritissimus juris (civilis), 
legum, Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 171, ete. ; juris 
legumque peritus, Hor. S. 1, 1, 9 

jurist: 1. jirisconsultus: ct. Just 
Inst. 1, 2, 8 (a title conferred on certain 
persons authorized to expound the law). 

9. jurispridens, ntis (prudens in 

jure civili, Cic. Am. 2,6): Ulp. Dig. 38, 
15,25: Papin. Also simply, prudens 
Just. Inst. 1, 2, 8. 

juror: jidex, icis: Cic. passim. The 
body of j.s, consilium, Cic.: v. foll. art. 

jury: jiidices: v. preced.art. Phr.: 
to be on the j., in consilio esse, Cic. Div. 
Verr. 4, 13. 

just (adj.): 1, justus: Caes.: Cie 
(passim): a j. war, bellum j. piumque, 
Liv. 9, 8, med ; also, ). purum pium- 
que, id. 1, 32, ad fin. (bellum justum is 
a war begun with due formality): 80, 
to enter maj war, pia ac justa induere 
arma, Liv. 30, 31,ad med. 2, aequus 


s. uvae, Tib. I, 10, 47: in wider sense, | (fair, impartial) : aj. and wise praetor, 
to draw in their j.s from the earth (ot | 


plants), ex terra sucum trahere, Cic. N. 1). 
2, 47, 120. 

juiciness: expr. by sticus: v. pre- 
ced. art. (Sucositas, late and rare: Coel. 
Aur.) 

juicy: 1, sucosus (suce.): a thick, 
j. root, radix crassa, S., Plin. 25,9, 70: 
9. soil, s. solum, Col.: Plin. 9. siicidus 
(rare, and chiefly of a kind of wool): 
Apul.: Pl 3, suci plenus: Ter. 
Eun. 2, 3, 26. 

jujube: zizyphum (the fruit): Plin. 
15, 14, 14: the tree, zizyphus, Col. : 
Pall. 

July (mensis) Quintilis: Cic.: Hor. : 
after Julius Caesar, (mensis) Julius: 
Mart. 


praetor ae. et sapiens, Cic. Verr. 4, 65, 
146. Oft. in phr., aequum et bonum, 
Cic. Br. 8, extr. 8. vérus (rare in 
this sense; and mostly in neut. sing. 
with esse, as predicate): to be j. and 
right, v. ac rectum esse, Cic. Leg: 3, 15, 
34: V. RIGHT (adj.). 4, méritus: Cic. : 
V. DESERVED. 

just (adv.): |. Faactly: 1 
expr. by ipse, with a subs. (L. G.§ 376) 


j-at the very nick of time, in tempore 


ipso, Ter. Andr 5, 6, 10: esp. with nu- 
merals, j. thirty days, triginta dies ipsi, 
Cic. Att. 3, 21. 2. maximé (usu. witb 
ref. to time) kK as he was speaking thus 
haec qnum m. loqueretur, Cic. Verr 5 
54, 142: j. lately, nuper m., Caes. B.C 
3. 9. (So Pl uses maximus: tt t 7 
Ce 


JUSTICE 


time that...., tempus maximum est 
Win): 8. commidum (of time 
only): you had 9. left yesterday when 
esse, C. heri discesseras, quum (with 
indic.), Cic. Att. 13,9: Pl.: Gell. 4. 
admodum (rare): the month of February 
having j. expired, exacto admodum 
mense F., Liv. 43,11, med. 5, in phr., 
just as, périnde (proinde), ac, ut, quasi: 
not j.as I had thought, non p. atque ego 
putaram, Cic. Att. 16, 5, 3: with subj. 
= just as if, perinde (al. proinde) ac 
vellent, Caes. B. C. 3, 60: with ut = 
just as, in proportion as, Cic. de Or. 3, 
56, init. (There can be uo doubt that 
proinde in this constr. = perinde: cf. 
Caes. B. C. 3, 1, proinde aestimans ac si: 
proinde quasi, just as tf, is frequent: 
Cic. Mil. 31, 84: Ter.) 6. in phr. 7. 
so, in answers: ita plane, ita prorsus 
existimo, prorsus isto modo: cf. Cic. 
Tusc. 1,5 and 6. |, Only: 1, modo 
(with imperat.) = do but hush! just 
listen ! st, tace; ausculta modo, PL.: cf. 
Cic. Div. Verr. 14, 46, vide modo; etiam 
atque etiam considera. 2. quin, with 
indic. (= imperat.) : j. hold your tongue, 
quin taces! Ter. Andr. 2, 3, 25: J. let us 
mount, quin conscendimus equos, Liv. 
1, 57- U1}. In phr. 7. now, i.e. a few 
moments ago: modo: cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 
6, nuper....quid dico, nuper? immo 
vero, modv, ac plane paullo ante: Phaedr. 
1,9,9: Ter. Andr. f, 2, 2. IV. With 
prep. before or after, denoting close 
proximity in time: sub (with acc.): de- 
noting nearness in time, before or after : 
gj. about (7. before) nightfall, sub noc- 
tem, Caes. B. G. 1, 28: cf. Hor. S. 1, 1, 
Io, sub galli cantum: cf. Dr. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. sub (IL). Y. Nar- 





rowly; hardly: vix, vixdum: v. 
SCARCELY. 
justice: 1, justitia (both as ab- 


stract notion and moral quality): Cic. 
Fin. 5, 23 (definition of justice): the 7. 
of Aristides, j. Aristidis, Nep. Ar. 2. 
Join. justitia et aequitas et innocentia, 
Nep.l.c.: cf. inTEGRITY. 2, aequitas: 
the goodness and j. of a cause, bonitas 
et aeq. causae, Cic. Att. 16, 16, B: v. 
FAIRNESS. (Aequitas often includes the 
notion of considerateness, courtesy.) 8, 
expr. by neut. of justus, aequus: esp. in 
part. gen.: cf. L. G. § 2470, Obs. I. 
Phr.: extreme j. (is) extreme injustice, 
summum jus summa injuria, Prov. in 
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33; so Ter., summum jus 
saepe summa malitia est, Heaut. 4, 5, 
48; and Col., summum jus antiqui pu- 
tabant summam crucem, prol. lib. 7. 
justiciary ; perh. summus judex: v. 
JUDGE. 
justifiable: exciisatus: v. ExcuUSA- 
BLE. Phr.: to pronounce a verdict of 
j. homicide, hominem recte ac jure oc- 
cisum judicare, cf. Cic. Mil. 3, 8. 
justifiableness: expr. by recte, 
jure fieri: cf. Cic. Mil. 3, 8 
justifiably: 1, jure: opp. to in- 
juria, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, 150. Join: 
recte ac jure: Vv. JUSTIFIABLE. By 
cum causa; justé caus&: cf. Cic. Verr. 
2, I, 8, init. See also EXCUSABLY. 
justification: |. Vhe act of clear- 
ing from guilt or blame: 1. pur- 
gatio: Cic. Inv. 1, 11, 15: Ter. Heaut. 
4, 1, 12. Q. satisfactio (an explana- 
tion of conduct that may appear extra- 
ordinary): cf. Sall. Cat. 35. (Or expr. by 
verb : Vv. TO JUSTIFY.) |]. As theol. 
t. t.: justificatio: Vulg.: Corp. Confess. 
justifier; expr. by verb: Vulg. 
Rom. iii. 26: v. foll. art. 
justify: |. Zo free from blame : 
. purgo, 1: in order to 7. them- 
selves, sui purgandi causa, Caes. B. G. 6, 
g (but the notion differs slightly from 
that of the Eng.: purgo is to remove 
suspicion of actual wrong, rather than 
to maintain the propriety of conduct 
that has been impugned): Cic. a 
approbo, 1 (to male out to be good): cf. 
Tac. A. 15, 59, med., posteris mortem 
approbare: also id. Agr. 42, in appro- 
banda excusatione. 3, exciiso, 1: v. 
TO EXCUSE. I]. As theol. ¢. ¢.: justi- 
fico, 1: Vulg.: Tert.- Corp. Confess. 
428 





KEENNESS 


justly: 14. justé: Cic.: Hor. 2, 
juiré (of that which is done with law and 
reason on one’s side): j. to punish any 
one, j. in aliquem animadvertere, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 8, 19: cf. JUSTIFIABLY. (Juste 
regnare is to reign with justice; jure 
regnare, to be rightfully ruler.) f 
légitimé (according to the laws): 
Join: juste et legitime, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 
Mee 4, mérito: v. DESERVEDLY. 
Phr.: to judge j., eX aequo et bono 
judicare, Cic. Caec. 23, 65. 

justness: expr. by justus: v. JUST; 
JUSTICE. 

jut (v.): usu. to 7. out: 1, pro- 
curro, i and ciicurri, rsum, 3: to j. out 
into the sea with three crags, tribus 
scopulis p. in aequor, Ov. F. 4, 419 (de 
Sicilia): VPlin. Ep.: v. JUTTING. 2. 
promineo, ui, 2: v. TO PROJECT. 3. 
exsto, 1 (to stick out; esp. of that which 
is embedded in something): Vv. TO PRO- 
JECT. 

jutting (adj.): 1, procurrens, 
ntis: j. rocks, p. saxa, Virg. Aen. 5, 
204. 2. projectus: a city j. out into 
the deep, urbs p. in altum, Cic. Verr. 4, 
10, init. : Virg. 

juvenile: jiivénilis, puérilis (of 
childhood and the period just beyond 
it): V. YOUTHFUL, CHILDISH. 

juvenility : expr. by adj.: there is 
aj. about this speech, *huic orationi in- 
est juvenile quoddam atque immatu- 
rum: ef. Cic. Br. gt, fin. (Juvenilitas 
in fr. of Varr. = youth.) 

juxtaposition: expr. by circuml. 
with pono, appono: v. TO PLACE, See 
alsO POSITION. 


K. 


ALE: crambé: v. canBaGe. 
kaleidoscope: *kuleidoscOpus 

qui dicitur. 

kalendar: v. CALENDAR. 

Kalif: *Chalifus (Kr.). 

Kalifate: Chalifatus, is (Kr.). 

kangaroo: *halmatirus, Illig. (Kr.). 

keel: carina: Caes.: Liv. To lay 
the k. of @ vessel, navem (carina) fun- 
dare, cf. Ov. Pont. 1, 3, 5. 

keen: 1. acer, cris, cre (in most 
applications): &. winter, a. hiems, Hor. 
Od. 1, 4, 1: the k.est of all the senses, 
acerrimus ex omnibus sensibus, Cic. de 
Or: 2,, 84, 3577: 2. perspicax (sharp, 
penetrating): how k. he is about all 
these things, ad has res quam sit p., Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 129. Join: astutus, per- 
spicax, ib. 5, 1,13 acutus et perspicax, 
Cic. Off. 1, 28, Loo. 8, subtilis, e 
(fine, subtle, discriminating): k. cri- 
ticism, s. judicium, Cic. Fam.15,6. 4, 
sagax (keen-scented ; fig. shrewd): very 
k. in suspecting, sagacissimus ad suspi- 
candum, Cic, Cat. 1, 8, 19. 5, acerbus 
(cutting, painful): k. grief, lactus a. 
Tib. 2, 6, 41. Phr.: to form very k. 
conjectures about the future, callidissime 
de futuris conjicere, Nep, Them. 1: to 
have a very k. sense of smell, sagacissime 
olfacere, Plin. 11, 37, 50. See also 
ACUTE, POIGNANT. 

keenly: 1, sagaciter (esp. of the 
sense of smell): to smell out as k. as 
possible (fig.), odorari quam sagacissime 
possim, Cic, de Or. 2, 44, 126: so, 8. per- 
spicere, Suet. Tib. 57: cf. preced. art. 
Jin. 2. subtiliter (finely, subtly): 
Cic. Verr. 4, 57, 127 (Ss. judicare). 3; 
aciité: v. ACUTELY. 4. perspicaciter 
(rare); Amm. 9, acerbé (poignantly): 
to be most k. distressed about a thing, de 
aliqua re acerbissime afflictari, Cic. Att. 
11,1. Phr.: this Caesar felt very k., 
quod Caesari acerbissimum fuit, Flor. 3, 
10, med.: this remark Jugurtha felt 
more k. than one would have thought, 
quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae altius 
quam quisquam ratus descendit, Sall. 
Jug. 11. 

keenness: 1, sagacitas: strictly, 
of scent, s. narium, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: 
also, of the mind, Cic.: Nep.: v. SAGA- 
CITY,SHREWDNESS, Q, subtilitas (fine- 








KEEP 





ness of discrimination; ingenuity): Ie. 
of intellect, s. mentis, Plin. 11, 397,77: 
Vv. ACUTENESS, INGENUITY. 3. perspi- 
cAcitas (sharp-sightedness): Cic. Att. £, 
18, 9 (fig.). 4, acerbitas (poignancy 
of distress): to endure the utmost k. of 
suffering, omnes acerbitates, omnes do- 
lores cruciatusque perferre, Cic. Cat. 4, 
init, Phr.: such k. of tntellect, tanta 
ingenii acies, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, init. See 
also SHARPNESS, 

keen-scented : sagax: Ov. Met. 11, 
599: V-KEEN(4). 7obek., sagire, sentire 
acute [acutis naribus esse], Cic. Div. 1, 
31, init.: cf. KEEN (fin.). 
»Keen-sighted : perspicax ; V. KEEN 


<=. 


keen-sightedness ; perspicdcitas : 
Vv. KEENNESS (3). 
A, Trans: |. To 


keep (v.): 
hold; not to let go: 1, téneo, ui, 
ntum, 2: to k. a position, locum t., Caes. 
B. C. 1, 44, extr.: V. TO HOLD, RETAIN, 
So comps. (1.) contineo (stronger than 
teneo: to k. hold upon): to seize more 
easily than to k., expeditius rapere quam 
c., Curt. 4, 11, med.: tok. in allegiance, 
in fide c., Liv. 28, 2, fin.: to k. employed, 
in exercitatione c., Cic. Fam. 7,19. (2.) 
rélineo (esp. as opp. to the notion of 
sending away, giving up): to k. legions 
near the capital, [reservare et] r. le- 
giones ad urbem, Caes. B. C.1,2: tok, 
to allegiance, in fide r., Liv. 25, 40, med.: 
Cic. (3.) attineo (rare in this sense): 
Tac. 2. servo, I (esp. in danger or 
difficulty): to k. rank, s. ordines, Caes. 
B.G. 4, 26: very often with reference to 
moral obligation: Caes.: Cic.: v. infr. 
(ILL.). So comps. (1.) asservo, 1 (esp. 
to k. in custody): to be kept in prison, 
in carcerem asservari, Liv. 8, 20, med.: 
also, a. aliquem vinctum, Ter. Andr. 5, 
2, 24; or simply, asservare, Cic. Verr. 3, 
22, 55. (2.) conservo, 1 (strengthened 
from servo): to k. (their) original tem- 
per towards the Roman people, pristi- 
num animum erga P. R. cons., Liv. 31. 
2: esp. with ref. to obligation (v. infr. 
V.). (3.)réservo, 1: V. TO RESER\ E, ; 
custodio, 4 (wnder watch and ‘d): 
Fig.: to k. a book most carefully ii- 
brum diligentissime ¢c., Cic. Fam 6, 5. 
4, habeo, 2 (laying less stress on 
the idea of retention; esp. to have in a 
certain state): tok. any one blockaded, 
aliquem in obsidione h., Caes. B. G. 3s 
31: tok. im one’s power, in potestatem 
(al. potestate) h., Caes. B. C. 1, 25: 
Sall.: to k. sick patients in the dark, 
aegros in tenebris h., Cels. 3, 18, ad init. 
Esp. in phr., sibi secum h., to k. to one- 
self, Cic. Ph. 2, 28, 69: fig. of keeping 
a close secret, id. Fam. 7, 25. So cd- 
hibeo (stronger than simple verb, and 
implying restraint): k. yourselves in- 
doors, cohibete intra limen vos, PL: v. 
TO RESTRAIN. ||. Zo store up: condo, 
récondo, custddio: v. TO STORE, PRE- 
SERVE. Ill. Zo support, preserve. 
servo, conservo: V. TO PRESERVE. {[V, 
To have, rear animals: 1, alo, ui, 
tum, 3: to k. hounds, a, canes ad vee 
nandum, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 30: Varr.. 
Non. Q, pasco, pavi, pastum, 3: tok 
nags, grooms, caballos, calones p., Hor. 
S. 1, 6, 104: Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14: Juv. 
(Alo includes the breeding and rearing 
of animals; pasco denotes simply the 
supplying of them with food.) Vv. 
Fig.: to observe, adhere to: 1, servo, 
1: to k. faith, one’s promise, fidem s., 
Caes. B.G. 6, 36; promissa s., Cic. Off. 1, 
10, 32: tuk. the commandments, mandata 
s., Vulg. Matt. xix. 17. In same sense, 
conservo: to k, an oath, jusjurandum c, 
Cic. Off. 3, 28, 103: tok. a law, legem c., 
Quint. 9, 2,83. 2. custodio, 4 (to keep 
carefully: not in Cic.): to k. a rule, re- 
gulam c., Quint. 1, 7,1: Col. 3. ex- 
solvo, solvi, sdlitum, 3 (to discharge an 
obligation): to k. an oath, a promise, 
jusjurandum exsolvere, Liv. 24, 183 
fidem ex., id. 26, 31, fin. VI. In pbr., 
to k. accounts: tabulas conficere, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 23: also, codicem instituere, 
conscribere, id.R.Com. 2,6. Miscell. 
Phr.: to k. one’s bed (from sickness). 


nik #9 4 Tal 
rrp: 


pc = 


KEEP APART 


jacere, cubare (v. ILL, TU BE) ; from in- 
clination, lectulo (lecto) contineri, Plin. 
Ep. 3, 1, ae to k. one’s house, domi se 
retinere, Nep. Epam. to: to k. a school, 
docere, Suet. Gr, pass.; scholam tueri, 
ib. 8: k. a thing secret, celare, with 
double acc. (v. TO KEEP BACK): to k. the 
company waiting, convivas ‘norari, Ter. 
Heaut. 1, 1, 120: to k. a day as an an- 
nual holiday, festum diem anniversa- 
rium agere, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, extr.: in 
same sense, agitare, Cic. ib. 2, 63, 154 
(v. To opseRVE). See also foll. artt. 

B. Intrans.: |. To remain 
without being spoiled: 1, expr. by 
servo ( pass.): all these k. well, with the 


same mode of preserving, haec omnia | 


una cunditura commode servantur, Col. 
12, 9. duro, 1: to k. through the 
winter (of grapes), d. per hiemes, Plin. 
14, 1, 3, § 16. So, grapes that will k. 
through the winter, uvae hiemis tem- 
poribus durabiles, Col. 3, 2, iit. ll. 
To remain: q.v. See also foll. artt. 

keep apart: distineo, 2: Caes. B. G. 
4,17: Liv. 

— away: V. TO KEEP OFF. 

— back: |. To prevent from 
advancing: cébibeo, 2: Vv. TO RESTRAIN, 
Phr.: tok. back soldiers from fighting, 
milites a proelio continere, Caes. B. G. 1, 
15: so, retinere, id. B. C.2,13. See also 
TO HOLD IN. I]. To retain in one’s 
possession : 1, rétineo, 2: to conceal 
and k. back part, partem celare atque r., 
Caes. B. G. 2, 32, extr.: Pl.: v. TO RE- 
TAIN. 2. fraudo, 1 (to appropriate 
dishonestly) : v. TO DEFRAUD. Ill. Zo 
withhold @ secret: 1. célo, t: v. To 
CONCEAL, , réticeo, 2: to k. back 
thd nibil r., Pl. Men. 5, 9, 47: Cic.: 

LL. 


—— company: congrégo, 1 (with 
pron. refl., or as pass. refi.) : Cic.: Plin. 

—— down: reprimo, comprimo: v. 
TO REPRESS. 

—— jn: V. TO CONFINE. 

— off: |. Trans.: 1, arceo, 
2 (usu. with acc. and abl., with prep. or 
alone: or absol.): to k. off rain, k. off 
the forces of the enemy, pluvias, copias 
hostium a., Cic. Mur. 9, 22: Plin.: opp. 
to ducere (somnos), Ov. Met. 2, 735. 

9. défendo, 3: Cic.: v. TO WARD 
OFF. 8. prdhibeo, 2 (esp. in milit. 
sense): to k. the pirates from (imolest- 
ing) Sicily, praedones ab Sicilia p., Cic. 
Verr. 4, 64, fin.: Caes.: see also TO PRO- 
TECT. 4. propulso, 1 (to ward off, 
repel: q.v.): tok. the heat off from the 
roots, vapores radicibus p., Col. 3, 15, ad 
jin. 5, abstineo, 2 (implying the close 
proximity of that which is kept off): to 
k. the hands off (any one), manum abs., 
Mer Ad. 5; 2; 6: 

G6, dépello, 3: v. TO DRIVE AWAY 
(4). |]. [ntrans.: abstineo, 2 (esp. 
with pron. refl.): v. TO aBsTaIN. In 
imperat., k. off! procul este! Virg. Aen. 
6, 258. 

—— together: contineo, 2: 

iv. 

—— up: |. To maintain: tueor, 
2: cf. Nep. Phoc. 1, tueri gloriam pater- 
nam, to keep it up, uphold it: Cic. 
Join: tueri atque conservare, Cic.: v. 
TO MAINTAIN. Il. Zo prevent from 
desponding: Phr.: to k. one’s courage 
up, animo erecto esse, Cic. Deiot. 13, 36 
(less collog. than the Eng.): v. TO EN- 
COURAGE, CHEER. [jf], Intrans.: not 
to fall behind: expr. vy subséquor, per- 
séquor (with object expr.): v. foll. art. 

keep up (pace) with: 1. per- 
séquor, Clitus, 3: by rapidity of writing 
tok. up with a speaker, celeritate scri- 
bendi quae dicuntur p., Cic. Sull. 14, 42: 
more freq. = TO OVERTAKE. 2. sub- 
séquor, 3: milit.¢. 4, to k. up with the 
standards, signa s., Caes. B. G. 4, 26. 
Phr.: to k. pace with...., pariter ire, 
Quint. 1, 1, 14: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 205, 
pariter ad litora tendunt. 

eep (subs.): arx: Vv. CITADEL. 

eeper: 1, custos, ddis, c. ( for 
security): Cic.: Hor.: v. GUARDIAN. 
Also in wider sense, the k. of gardens, 
c. hortorum, Suet. Cai. 59: Cic. 9. 





see also TO ABSTAIN, | 


Cic. : 
18 (“de vasis coquinariis’”’): see also 





KEY 


aedituus, f. -a; also, aeditimus, -iimus 
(of a temple: the MSS. fluctuate be- 
tween the forms): Cic.: Varr. Join: 
aeditui (al. aeditumi) custodesque, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 44, 96. 3. pastor (of ani- 
mals): k. of peacocks, p. pavonum, 
Varr. 4. (?) saltuarius (of forests ; so 
perh. of game): Petr.: Dig. 

keeping (subs.) : |. Charge, pro- 
tection : 1. tiitéla: to have the k. of 
a gate, t. januae gerere, Pl. Truc. 2, 1, 


extr.: the k. of animals, t. pecudum, Col. | 


g, pref. § 1. 2, custOdia (secure k.) : 
I put myself in your k., in tuam c. me 
trado, Pl. Most. 2, 1, 59: the k. of the 
(Vestal) fire, c. ignis, Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 29. 

8. ciira (esp. of animals requiring 
attention): the k. of oxen, cura boum, 
Virg. G. 1, 3: Col.: v. CHARGE (IV.). 


4, expr. by verb: for the k. of’ 


cattle, habendo pecori, Virg. G. 1, 3: 
concerning the k. of birds, de avibus 
alendis, etc.: v. TO KEEP (IV,). il. 
Congruity: Phr.: to be ink., convénio, 
congruo: things in k. with each other, 
convenientia sibi, Hor. A. P. 119: do 
these things seem to be in k. with a wed- 
ding, num videntur convenire haec 
nuptiis? Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 29. Join: 
congruere et convenire, Cic.: v. TO 
AGREE. 

keeping, in: convéniens, congruens, 
congruus: V. AGREEING, SUITABLE. Cf. 
preced. art. (I1.). 

keepsake: monumentum s. pignus 
amoris, Virg. Aen. 5, 538; monumenium 
sui, ib. 572: *donum memoriae causa 
datum, acceptum (Kr.). 

keg: V. BARREL. 

ken (subs.): conspectus: v. SIGHT. 

kennel: cibile, is, ~.: Phaedr. 1, 
19,9: used by Varr. (2,9), of the litter 
in which dogs lie: also, tugurium 
(strictly, a hut), Phaedr. 1. c. v. 4 (*sta- 
bulum caninum, Kr.). 

kerb-stone: perh. crépido, inis, /. 
(an elevated edge or basement of stone) : 
to stand on the k., in c. semitae stare, 
Petr. 9, init.: to pave a road and lay 
k.s, viam cum crepidinibus sternere, 
Inser. in Forcell. Phr.: to put k.s toa 
road, viam marginare, Liv. 41, 27, med. 

kerchief; sudarium: v. HANDKER- 


CHIEF. 

kermes: 1, vermiciilus (strictly 
the insect itself): Vulg. Ex. xxxv. 20: 
Hier. 9, coccum (the dye): Hor.: 
Mart.: v. SCARLET. The k. oak, *quer- 
cus coccifera (Linn.). 


kernel: |. Of a fruit: nucleus: 
Pl.: Plin. In fig. sense, medulla: v. 
MARROW. I]. A concretion, resem- 


bling a k.: glandium: Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 


| 44: Plin. 


kernelly: glandiildsus (ef flesh): 
Col. 7, 9, init. 

kestrel; tinnuncilus (?): Plin.: Col. 
(*Falco tinnunculus, Linn.) 

ketchup: *jus ex fungis pratensi- 
bus (agaricis campestribus, Linn.). 

kettle: olla; lébes, etis, #: Isid. 20, 


CALDRON. 

kettle-drum: *tympinum aeneum 
majoris formae. 

key: |. Lit.: of a door, ete.: 
clavis, is, f.: false ks, c. adulterinae, 
Sall. Jug. 12: to be kept under lock and 
k., sub clavi esse, Varr. R. R. 1, 22, 
extr.: to keep under lock and k., (2) clavi 
servare, cf. Hor. Od. 2, 14, 26. See also 
TO LOCK uP. |j, Fig.: that which 
serves to explain something: nearest 
word perh. ansa (a handle): v. CLUE. 
To get the k. to anything, causam ali- 
cujus rei cognoscere, Sall. Cat. 23: so, 
causam indicare (to furnish it); but 


| both expr. imply fuller information 


than the Eng. See also TO EXPLAIN. 

I. In music: *signum; elavis (Kr.). 

IV, In milit. sense, the k. to a post- 
tion: 1. claustra, orum: to put the 
k. to a place in any one’s possession, 
claustra loci committere alicui, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 32, 84: to form the k. to a 
country (of Corinth), c. locorum tenere, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87. 2. angustiae 
(fauces) quae aditum aperiunt ad ali- 








KIND 





quam terram: cf. Curt. 3, 4, ad init. 
3S. janua: Cic. Mur. 15, 33. 4, 

cardo, inis, c. (the central point on which 
movements are made to turn): cf. Liv. 
41, 1, Anconam velut cardinem habere. 
_ keyhole: *foramen in quo clavis 
inseritur. 

keynote: () proslambandménos, i: 
Vitr. 5, 4, 5. 

keystone: (?) conclisira: Vitr. 6, 
11 (8): so Kr. and Quich. Phr.: to be 
bound by the k., medio saxo alligari, 
Sen. (in Q.). 

kibe: pernio, dnis, m.: 
3, 37- 

kick (v.): 1, calcitro, 1 (rare): 
Plin. Fig.: to resist, be stubborn: cf. 
Cic. Coel. 15, fin., calcitrat, respuit. So, 
récalcitro, lit. to k. out behind, Hor. 8. 
2, I, 20 (fig.). 2, expr. by calx, calces, 
and a verb: e. g., calces remittere (to 
Sling out the heels), Nep. Bum. 5; calce 
petere (aliquem), Hor. S. 2, 1, 55; ferire, 
Ov. F. 3, 7553; caedere, Pl. Poen. 3, 3, 
"1; contundere (violently), Phaedr. 1, 
21,9. Phr.: to k. against the goad, 
stimulos pugnis caedere, PI. Truc. 4, 2, 
59; contra stimulum calcitrare, Vulg. 
Act. ix. 5: Amm.; adversus stimulum 
caleare, Tert. 

kicking (swbs.): calcitratus, iis: Plin. 

kicking (a@4dj.): 1, calcitro, onis, 
n.: ak. horse, equus c., Labeo in Gell. 
4, 2, tntt.: Varr. 2, calcitrOsus: Col 
2, 2, fin.: Ulp. Dig. 

kid: haedus, i, m.: Cic.: Virg.: Hor 
Dimin. haedilus, Juv.: also, haediilea, 
f., Hor. Od. 1, 17, 9- Belonging to a k., 
kids’, haedinus- e.g. haedinae pelliculae, 
kid-skins, Cic. Mur. 36, 75. As constel- 
lation, the kids, haedi, Virg.: Ov. 

kidnap: surripio, ui, reptum, 3: PL 
Men. prol. 38: also perh. firror, 1: Vv. 
foll. art. 

kidnapped (part. adj.): 
repticius: Pl. Men. prol. 60. 
tivus: Pl. Cure. 5, 2, 22. 
. kidnapper: pligiarius: cf. Dig. 48, 
15,6: Cic. (Cf. use of feles, e. g. felew 
virginalis, Pl. Pers. 4, 9, 14: Auson.) 

kidnapping (subs.): pligium, Dig. 
48, 15, 6. 

kidney: ren, rénis, m. (usu. pl.). 
Cels.: Cic. Phr.: of the same k., ejus- 
dem farinae, cf. Pers. 5, 115 (nostrae f.). 

kidney-bean: phisélus: Virg.: Col. 
(*Phaseolus vulgaris, Linn.) 

kill: 1, interficio, féci, fectum, 3 
(most gen. term): Cic.: Caes. (passim). 

2. caedo, cécidi, caesum, 3 (fo cut o1 

beat, whether to death or not; to kill by 
wounds or blows): Cic. Esp. of killing 
victims in sacrifice, Virg.: Cic.: v. TO 
SLAY. 3. néco, avi and ui, atum, 1 
(by wicked and cruel means ; as, assas- 
sination, poison): tok. by fire, n. igni, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 53: by imprisonment and 
stripes, torture, vinculis, v¢ rberibus, 
omni supplicio n., Cic. Man. 5, If: 
Juv.: v. TO MURDER. So énéco, PL.: 
Plin. (more freq. = to wear out, ex- 
haust). 4. occido, di, sum, 3 (to cut 
down ; esp. in battle): v. TO SLAY. 5, 
trucido, 1 (to k. violently and ruthless- 
ly): v. TO BUTCHER. 6. intérimo, 
périmo, émi, emptum, 3 (/o do away 
with, cut off): v.TO DESTROY. J, ob- 
trunco, 1 (to cut down ; esp. in the way 
of murder or assassination): Sall.: 
Virg. (For to kill oneself, v. SUICIDE.) 

killing (swbs.): expr. by verb. 

kiln: fornax: a lime-k., f. calcaria, 
Plin. 17, 9, 6, § 53: Cato. 

kimbo: Phr.: ¢o set the arms a-k. 
@) brachia lateribus suffulcire. 

kin (subs.): consanguinitas, proxt 
mitas; génus: Vv. KINDRED (subs.). 

kin (a4j.): consanguineus, sanguine 
conjunctus: V. KINDRED (ad)j.). 

kind (stw's.): 1, génus, éris, n. 
(steady friends) of which k. there is ¢ 
great dearth, cujus g. est magna penuria 
Cic. Am. 17, 62: ks of wine, vini ge 
nera, Pliu. 14, 6, 8: sometimes used iz 
acc, adverbially, to write something @ 
that k., aliquid id genus scribere, Cic 
Att. 13,12, init. 2, mddus: chieflyi 
gen. sing.: of the same kind, of what 

429 


Plin. 23, 


1, sur- 
9. fur- 


KIND 





ever kind, etc., evident modi, cujus- 
cunque modi, etc.: Cic. passim. 3. 
expr. by pron. adjj., talis, qualis, of such 
a kus, 3 qualiscunque, of whatever 
kk, etc.: ef. L. G. § 83: of all k.s, omni- 
genus (poet.): Lucr.: Virg. (in prose, 
omni genere), 

kind (a4j.): 1, Amicus: v. FRIEND- 
LY 2, benignus (showing liberality 
and generosity): k. in the way of lend- 
ing, b. ad commodandum, Cic. Verr. 4, 
3, 6: V. GENEROUS, 8, bénéficus, 
compar. -centior, -centissimus (doing 
kind or generous acts): k. to one's 
friends, b. in suos amicos, Cic. ope. i 
14, 43: Sen. 4. bénévolus: v. BEN te 
VOLENT, WELL-DISPOSED. 5. coulis e 
(courteous and obliging): k. to one’s 
wife. c. in uxorem, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 133: 
to entertain with k. hospitality, ¢. hos- 
pitio a cipere, Liv. 9, 36, med. Join: 
comis, benignus, facilis, suavis, Cic. Bal. 
16, 36. 6, facilis, e (vasy-tempered) : 
V. GOOD-NATURED, INDULGENT. 
suavis, e (amiable: as descriptive of 
natural character): Cic. Phr.: ame 
ave very k., to...., facis amice qui.. 
Cic. Am. 2, 9: also, when a favour is 
agit gs simply, benigne, Hor. Ep. 1, 


kind-hearted: bénignus, benigno 
ingenio: . KIND. 

,,kindle: A. Trans.: 1, con- 

1 (by blowing with bellows: often 

ne tok. a fire by blowing, ignem c., 

Plin. 35, 11, 40, $138: Pl. Fig.: to k. 

a conflagration, incendium c., Flor. 3, 


17, intt.: to k. (stir up) ill-will, invi- 
diam c., Cic. Cat. 1,9, 23. 2, accendo, 
di, sum, 3 (to put light to): to k. a five, 
ignem a., Virg. Aen. 5, 4: v. TO LIGHT. 


‘o- incendo, 3: V. FIRE (TO SET ON). 
4. inflammo, I (more freq. in fig. 
sense): to k. a torch, taedam inf., Cic. 
Verr. 4, 48, 106: v. FIRE (TO SET ON); 
INFLAME. (N.B.—For fig. sense, see also 
TO EXCITF, STIR UP.) 
ardesco, exardesco: v. FIRE (TO TAKE). 
kindliness: _ 1, cOmitas (courtesy 
and agreeableness): Join: comitas af- 
fabilitasque sermonis, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 48; 
c. facilitasque, id. Mur. 36, 66: v. couR- 
TESY. 2, bénignitas: v. KINDNEss, 
GENEROSITY. 3. facilitas: v. Goop- 
NATURE. 4, himanitas (natural fine- 
ness of feeling and considerateness) : 
ef. Cic. Man. 14, jfin.: to act with k. 
towards any one, h. exhibere alicui, Ulp. 
Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 4. 
kindly (adj. ): 1, cOmis, e (cour- 
teous, obliging): Cic.: Hor.: v. KIND 
(5). Join: bonus et comis et humanus, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 25, 80. 2, humanus (of 
refined and considerate feeling): Cic.: 
esp. with a syn.: v. supr. (1). 3. 
bénignus: v. KiInpD. Phr.: a k. soil, 
mite solum, Hor. Od. 1, 18, 2. 
kindly (adv.): 1, amicé: Cic.: 
Hor. Join: amice et benevole, Cic. 
Fin. 1, 10, 34. 2, comiter (in a cour- 
teous, kindly manner) : v. COURTEOUSLY. 
8. bénigné (esp. of what is done by 
a@ superior ; graciously, bountifully) : 
to salute k., b. salutare, Cic.: I thank 
you k. (declining something), benigne 
(sc. facis), Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 16. 4. bé- 
névolé (with good will or intent): Cic. 
5, hiimane (cf. preced. art. 2): to 
act k., h. facere, Cic. Att. 12, 44, init. : 
he very k. offered to show me the way, 
ducem se itineris humanissime promisit, 
Petr. 8. 
kindness: |. he feeling or dis- 
position : 1, bénignitas (esp. on the 
part of a superior ; graciousness): you 
are listening to me with the greatest k., 
me summa cum b. auditis, Cic. Sext. 13, 


31: Hor.: v. GENEROSITY. Q, cOmitas: 
Vv. KINDLINESS (1). 8, bénévolentia 
(good-will) : Cic. 4, bénéficentia 


(doing kind acts): what is more excel- 
lent than goodness and k ? quid prae- 
6tantius bonitate et b.? Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 
jin. 5. himanitas: v. KINDLINESS 
(4). 6, expr. by bénéficia (pl. con- 
crete for abstr.: L. G. § 591): such was 
his k. to me, *tanta erant illius in me 
beneficia collata: v. inf7. (I1.). Phr.: 
430 


B. intrans.: | 


KISS 


lo show kk. to any one, benevolum., be- 
nignum se praebere erga aliquem: v. 
KIND. Il. An act of kindness : it 
bénéficium : to return a k. Jor an wn- 
jury, pro maleficio b. reddere, Ter. Ph. 
2, 2,22: to bestow a k. on any one, b. 
apnd aliquem collocare, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 
70 (with the idea of a return for the 
“investment’”’); so, b. ponere, id. Fam. 
13, 54. also, to do an act of k. (freely), 
b. dare, id. Off. 1, 15, 48; conferre in 
aliquem, ib. I, 14, 45. 92. officium: 
to do acts of k. to people, officia in ho- 
mines conferre, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48: that 
is so far from being a k., that...., id 
tantum abest ab off. nt...., ib. £, 14,43: 
interchange of affection and acts of k., 
vicissitudo studiorum off.que, Cic. Am. 14, 
49. 3, bénéfactum (rare and poet., and 
only in pl.) Enn.: Pl. (in later writers 


usu. = good deeds, services.) 4. sra- 
tia: v. FAVOUR (II.). Phr.: to doa 
k.: (1.) présum, v7. (with dat.): to 


wish todo any one a k., alicui p. velle, 
Cic. Off. 1, 14 42: v. GOOD (TO Do). 
(2.) bénéfacio, 3 (or as two words: 

rare): Pl. 
kindred (subs.): |, Relationship; 
the tie of blood: consanguinitas, cog- 
natio, nécessi tdo: Vv. RELATIONSHIP. 
|. Those related by the tie of blood : 


néces<arii, consanguinei, cognati, etc. : 
V. RELATIVE (suhs.). 
kindred (adj.): 1, cognatus: k. 


terms or names, c. vocabula,. Hor. S. 2, 
3, 280: Cic. Q, finitimus (lit. neigh- 
bouring): Vv. AKIN. 

king: rex, régis: Cic. Virg. 
min. regilus, a petty k., a prince, Sall.: 
Liv. Phr.: to be k, regnare (v. TO 
REIGN); regalem habere potestatem (of 
Sulla) Cic. (?) Harusp. 25, 54: the title 





of k., regale nomen, ib. 13, 29: to tru to | 
make oneself k., regnum appetere, Cic. | 


Mil. 27, 72: a-tually to do so, regnum 
occupare, Cic, Sull. 9, 27. 

kingdom: =|. Regal power: reg- 
num: Cic.: Liv.: v. preced. art. (Phr.): 
also, regia s. regalis potestas: v. REGAL. 

The domain of a king: regnum 

Caes.: Sall. II]. Fig.: a domain or 
province of nature: Kr. gives regnum 3; 
the animal, vegetable, and mineral k.s, 
*tria regna naturae; he adds, tres prin- 
cipales ordines, partes rerum naturali- 
um: but (?). Better perh., *animan- 
tium, herbarum, metallorum genera: v. 
CLASS. 

kinefisher: alcédo, inis; later, al- 
cyon (hal-), dnis, f.: Varr.: Plin. (*Al- 
cedo hispida, Linn.) 

kingly: |. Belonging to a king: 
régius, regalis: Cic. K. power, regnum, 
regia potestas: v. REGAL. |], Au- 


gust, worthy of a king: régalis: v. 
ROYAL. 

kinsfolk;: nécessarii, etc.: v. RELA- 
TIVE (subs.). 


kinsman: nécessarius: Cic. Sull. 1, 
2: V. RELATIVE (subs.). 

kiss (subs.): 1, 
suitable word for ordinary use): give 
Atticaak. from me, Atticae meis ver- 
bis suavium des, Cic. Att. 16, 11, extr. 
Dimin. suaviolum, Cat. 9. basium 
(esp. an amorous or lewd k.): to shower 
on any one a host of k.s, alicui spissis- 
sima b. impingere, Petr. 31, init.: Mart. 
Dimin., basidlum, Petr.: Apul. 3 
osciilum (meton. : lit. a little mouth, lip: 
chiefly poet.): to give k.s, oscula dare, 
Petr. 1153 (bono sensu): to imprint k.s, 
0. figere, Virg. Aen. 1, 687: to take or 
snatch k.s, 0. carpere, Ov. H. 11, 1173 
sumere, ib. 13, 141: to fling a k., 0. ja- 
cere, Tac. H. 1, 36: to snatch the first 
k., oscula praeripere, Lucr. 3, 909. 

kiss (v.): 1, suavior, t (= sua- 
vium do: v. preced. art., 1): Cic.: Cat. 
So comp. dissuavior (intens.): I will k. 
your eyes out, dssuaviabor tuos oculos, 
Cic. ad Tir. Fam. » 6, 27. Q. basio, 1 
Cat.: Petr. (cf. preced. art., 2). 
oscuilor, 1 (the term most suitable for 
the higher style of composition: not 
poet.) : to embrace and k. any one, ali- 
quem amplecti (complecti) atque o., Cic. 
Rep. 6, 14: the proper word to denote 





suavium (most | 





KNEE 





the kiss of homage, cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 
g4: Just. Sv comp. exosculor (to k, 
affectionately, earnestly): Suet.: Tac. 
Verbal adj. osculabundus, kissing re- 
peatediy, Suet. Vit. 2, fin. 
kissing (subs.): 1, suaviatio: PL: 
9, basiatio: Mart.: Cat. 3) 
Cic. (For syu. v. EISS, 
subs.) 


kitchen: ciilina: Pl.: Cic.: Hor. 
Adj. culinarius, belonging to the k., 
Front. Phr.: to have a capital k., op- 
timis coquis uti (based on Cic.). 
kitchen-garden: Olitorius hortus: 
Ulp. Dig. 
z kitchen-gardener~ Olitor: 
in. 


Gel 
ose TEC 


Varr.: 


kitchen-herbs ; Olus, éris, n. (usu. 
collect., but found in pl.): to dine off 
k.s, olus coenare, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 168: 
Plin. 20, 5, 16 (pl.). 

kitchen-maid: cilinaria (culina- 
Trius, .-servant, Scrib.). 

kite: |. The bird: milvus; poet. 
miluus: Cic.: Phaedr. (*Falco milvus, 
Linn.) <Adj., milvinus, of a k., kites’ : 
Plin. |]. The toy: *milvus, quem di- 
cunt, papyraceus. (Kr. gives, draco 
volans papyraceus, the German name 
being Drache, drayon.) 

kitling: catilus: v. cus, WHELP. 

kitten: *cutulus felinus. 

knack: i.e. a ready skill: 
word perh. sollertia: v. SKILL. 

knapsack: sarcina (carried by each 
soldier): to pile the k.s together, sarcinas 


nearest 


|in unum locum conterre, Caes. B. G. 1, 
Di- 


24: Liv. 
| knave: 1. scélestus: freq. as 
term of reproach in !'l., Ter.: Anave. 


sceleste! Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 141: 
sime, id. Am. 2, 1, 11: homo may be 
aided: the audacious k.! O scelestum 
atque atdacem hominem! Ter. Kun. 4, 


so, scelestis- 


4, 41. 2. vélérator (a sly old 
rogue): Ter. Heaut. 5, 1,6: Cic 3: 
hemo néquam (less collog. than the 


Eng.): v. WORTHLESS. (By a bold fig. 
Cic. has nequitia = homines nequam, 
Verr. 5, 15, 38, provinciam ad summam 
stultitiam nequitiamque venisse, the 
greatest fools and knaves: Niigels. Stil. 
p- 46.) 4, furcifer, éri (hang-dog: 
freq. term of abuse): Join: impudice, 
sceleste,....furcifer, Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 142. 
Phr.: am arch-k., caput scelerum, Pl. 
Cure, 2, 1, 19 (also scelus is freq. used 
as term of abuse. Ter. Andr. 3, 5, 1, 
etc.): see also RASCAL, WRETCH. The 
knave in cards, (?) puerulus: Germ. 
knabe = boy. 

knavery: 1, néquitia: Cic.: v. 
VILLAINY. 2. militia (esp. craft 
practised to the injury of otners): all 


kinds of k., omnes m., Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 
GE 3, fraus, improbitas : Vv. DIS- 
HONESTY, 

knavish: 1. néquam (good for 
nothing; unprincipled): Join: ne- 
quam et improbus, Cic. R. Am. 45, 1303 
malus nequamque, PI. ‘As. 2,2; 39. 12) 
malitidsus (cf. preced. art. 2): Cic. 


Join: (homo) versutus, fallax, mali- 
tiosus, veterator, Cic. Off. 3, 13, extr. 
3, vétérator (strictly a subs.): v. 
KNAVE (cf. supr.2). 4, fraudiilentus, 
improbus: Vv. DISHONEST. 
knavishly: ], fraudiilenter: v. 
DISHONESTLY.  Q, malitiosé (cf. KNAVE- 
RY, 2): Cic. 
knavishness: Vv. KNAVERY. 
ead: 1, subigo, égi, actum, 3: 
to k. ai well, farinam pulchre, bene 
, Cato, R. R. 74: to k. with oil, oleo s, 
Plin. 2. depso, ui, stum, 3 (rare) 
Cato, RR. go. Also, condepso, to k. up 
together, ib. 40, med. 


kneaded (part. adj.): depsticius . 
Cato, R. R. go. 

kneading. trough : 1, mortari- 
um: Cato, R. R 92. alvearium. 
Tert. 

knee: 1. génu, iis, n.: the k-joint, 


genus commissura, Plin. 11, 45, 103: to 
fall on one’s k.s, genu (genua) ponere, 
Petr. 133; with dat. of person in honour 
of whom, Curt. 8, 7, ad fin.: to sink 
upon one’s ic.s, in g. procumbere, id. 9, 


KNEE-DEEP 











5, med.: to fight on one's k.s, de genu 
pugnare, Sen. Prov. 2, 4: to JSall at any 
one's k.s (in entreaty), se ad g. alicujus 
projicere, Auct. B. Afr. 895 advolvi, 
Tac. Ann. 113 (in best writers usu. ad 


pedes, etc.). Dimin. géniciilum: of the 





| 


| 


| 
| 


k.s of children, Varr. L. L. 9, 5, Git. | 


9. meton. puples, itis, m. (strictly, 
the ham: poet.): on bended k., dupli- 
cato p., Virg. Aen. 12, 927. 

knee-deep: genibus tenus altus: cf. 
Liv. 21, 54, fin., erat pectoribus tenus 
aucta (aqua) nocturno imbri. 

knee-pan: patella: Cels. 8, 1, ad fin. 

kneel: expr. by genu, genua, and a 
verb: Vv. KNEE (1). 

knell: *campana funebris, (Kr-). 

knife: 1. culter, tri, m. (used for 
all industrial purposes; also esp. Sor 
sacrificing): Pl.: Cie.: Liv. Fig: he 
leaves me under the k. (i.e. in torture, 
faceté), me sub c. linquit, Hor. S. 1,9, 
rt Dimin. cultellus, a small k., pen-ke., 

or.: Suet. 2, scalprum (any small, 
sharp-cutting instrument: cf. Liv. 27, 
49, wmit., where it denotes a@ chisel): @ 


pen-k., s. librarium, Suet. Vit. 2, med. : 


also simply, scalprum, Tac. H. 5, 8. 
knife-grinder ¢ perth. cultrarius: v. 
kmnife-maker f Forcell. s. v. 
knight (subs.): Eques, itis (denoting 

@ person mounted; a horse-soldier ; Or, 

a member of the equestrian order): 

Caes.: Cic. Yo create any one a k., 

*aliquem equestri dignitate decorare, 

ornare ; equestri ordini adscribere (Kr.): 

also, annulis donare, ‘lac. H. 1, 13: 

Suet. (in Roman sense only). Knights 

of the shire, qui de singulis civitatibus 

pro toto comitatu veniunt, Statute in 

Milt. Def. 8. 
knight (v.): v. preced. art. 
knight-errant: *eques errans, er- 

raticus. 
knighthood: equestris dignitas: cf. 

KNIGHT. 
knightly: équester, tris, e: Cic. : v. 

KNIGHT. Sometimes = befitting a knight: 

equiti conveniens, equite dignus (Kr.). 
knight-service: militia equestris. 
knight’s-fee: praedium equestre 5 

feudum militare (Kr.). 
knit: |. Vo interweave with nee- 
dles: *acubus texo, intexo: v. TO 

WEAVE, Il. Fig.: to gather the 

brows: Phr.: frontem s. supercilium 

contrahere, adducere: v. TO FROWN. 
knob: 1, bulla (lit. a bubble: ap- 

plied to various round objects): Vitr. 9, 

8 (9), 12 (the head of a pin in a water- 

clock): ef. Cic. Verr. 4, 56, 124, aureae 

bullae [valvarum], knobs or studs. 
umbilicus (of the projecting k.s at the 

ends of scrolls): Mart. 2, 6, 11. R 

perh. pila (applicable to anything ball- 

shaped): V. BALL. 4, nodus (a knot 

or knob in wood) : ef. Virg. Aen. 7, 507, 

stipes gravidus nodis, a knotty, knobbed 

club. 5, tiiber, ris (a knobby excre- 
scence): Plin. 16, 16, 27. Also tuber- 
culum, a lump or knob: used by Cels. 

of the round ball-end of a joint, 8, I, 


med. 

knobbed, knobby: 1. tubératus: 
Fest. s. v. ocrem (of greaves). A. 
nodosus (as for example, a club): Ov. 
H. 10, tor: cf. KNOB (4). 

knock (.): 1, pulso, 1 (pulto in 
early writers): to k. at the door, fores 
p., Pl. Bac. 4 1,9; ostia p., Hor. S. 1, 1, 
10: also absol., Quint.: Ov. (Pl. has 
arieto, faceté, of one hammering violently 
at a door, Vrue. 2, 2, t.) 9. fério: v. 
TO STRIKE. See foll. art. 

—— against: offendo, di, sum, 3: 
to k. one’s head against an archway, 
caput ad fornicem of., Quint. 6, 3, 67: 
to k. one’s foot against something, of. 
pedem: v. TO STUMBLE. Phir.: fo k. 
ene’s head ogainst a stome wall (prov.), 
verberare lapidem, Pl. Cure. 1, 3, 41. 
See also TO DASH AGAINST, FALL FOUL OF. 

—— at: pulso: v. TO KNOCK. 

GOW alte eee 
ficio, jéci, ctum, 3 (to dislodge forcibly 
from a place): to k. down the spiders’ 
webs from a wall, araneas de pariete d., 


KNOTGRASS 


THROW. Q, sterno, stravi, tum, 3 (to 
lay flat): tok, down walls with a ram, 
muros ariete s., Liv. 1, 29, tnit.: to ke. 
down with the tusks, dentibus s., Plin. 
8,9,9. So, prosterno : cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 2. 
21, ceteros ruerem,..... tunderem et 
prosternerem (“ would tumble, belabour, 
and k, down’’). Both the simple and 


‘comp. verb less homely than the Kug. 


| PoP 


3 obtrunco, 1 (with a nuvtal blow): 
cf. Pl. Aul. 3, 4, 10, capio fustim, obtrnn- 
co gallum (* [denock him down dead"). 

I. Fig.: tok. down to any me at 
an auction: addico, xi, clum, 3: l k. 
down a person's youls 10 uw person, bona 
alicujus alicui ad., Cic. ©. Rab. +7, 45. 
knock out: —L, exciitio, ssi, ssum, 
3: tok. a thing out of any me's hands, 
rem de manu alicujus ex., Ulp. Dig. 47, 
2, §2z, § 13: with an eye k’d out, ovulo 
excussv, Suet. Caes. 68: to k. out any 
one’s brains, cerebrum alicui ex., PL 
Cap. 3, 4, 69. 9, élido, si, sum, 3: 0 
ic, out eyes, oculos e., Pl. Rud. 3, 2, 45. 
Phr.: to k. out a man’s brains, cere- 
brum alicui diminuere, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 325 
so, caput alicujus diminuere, id. Eun. 4, 
", 33. 

—-_ up: |. To areuse by knock- 
ing: suscito, 1 (to arouse, awaken): 
more precisely, fores pulsando suscit are : 
v. TO KNOCK. Il. Vo put together 
hastily: Phr.: to k. up some kind of 
shelter for the night, *tectum quale- 
cunque in noctem solute componere 
(compingere), ef. Sen. Q. N. 6, 30. Ill. 
To fatigue, exhaust: conticio (v. TO 
WEAR OUT); fatigo, deéfatigo: yv. TO 
FATIGUE. As p. part., often, defessus : 
Vv. EXHAUSTED. 

—— under: manus do: v. TO GIVE 
IN (11). 

knock, knocking (subs.): pulsatio: 
e. g. ostii, PL Truc. 2, 2, 3 (pultatio) : 
also absol., id. Bac. 4, 1, 11: freq. of 
blows and beating, cf. Ulp. Dig. 47, 
10, 5. 

knocker: best word perh. annulus 
(anu-): cf. Step. Thes. s. v. kopwrn. 
Erasm. puerp. init., has cornix (= ko- 
pwvn): a muffled k., cornix obvincta 
linteo, lc. Steph. L c. gives as an 
equiv., marculus quo fores pulsantur. 

knock-kneed: 1, varus: opp. to 
valgus, vatius (bow-legged): Varr. lk. R. 
2, 9, ad init.: Hor. 2. compernis, e 
(rare): Varr. L. L. 9, 5, § 10. 

knoll: tiimilus: v. MOUND, EMI- 
NENCE (1.). 

knot (subs.): |. Of threads, etc. : 
nodus: Cic.: Virg.: to tie up the hair 
ina k., crinem nodo substringere, Tac. 
G. 38: a yoke tied on with a number of 
k.s entangled together (the Gordian k.), 
jugum adstrictum compluribus n. in 
semet ipsos implicatis, Curt. 3, 2, med. 
Fig.: to untie a k., n. expedire, Cic. 
Att. 5, 21, 3: a k. worthy of a deity’s 
untying, n. (deo) vindice dignus, Hor. 
A. P. 191. Dimin., nodulus, Plin.: 
Apul. Il. In fig. sense, a bond: vin- 
culum: e.g. vinculum jugale, the nuptial 
k, Virg. Aen. 4,16. [Il Zhe part of a 
tree where a joint shoots : 1, nodus: 
a curved stick without a k., baculus 
aduncus sine n., Liv. 1, 18: Virg: v. 
KNOB (4). 9. articiilus, génicilum : 
v. JOINT. Withont k.s, énddis, e, (e. &.) 
truncus, Virg.: to jree from k.s, eno- 
dare, Cato, R. R. 33, mit.: Col IV. 
A little group of people: circilus: to 
talk in k.s, per circulos loqui, lac. Agr. 
43: ef. Cic. Bal. 26, init., in conviviis 
rodunt, in circulis (where ks of a few 
people get together) vellicant: Vv. GROUP. 
To form in k.s, circulari, Caes. BiGuks 
64: in ks, circulatim, Suet. Cae>. 84, 
Jin. VY. An epauiet: nimérale, is, 
n.: Dig. 
knot (w.): nddo, 1 (fo tie up in a 
knot): Virg. Aen. 4, 138 (crines nodun- 
tur in aurum): Ov. Phr.: tok.a cord, 
*funem nodis implicare: Vv. TO EN- 
TANGLE, TIE. 

knotgrass: polygonus or -um: the 
ular name for which was (herba) 
sanguinaria, Plin. 27, 12, 91, § 1135 also, 


Pl. Stich. 2, 2, 31: V. TO DISLODGE, OVER- | sanguinalis, Cels.: Col. 








KNOW 





knotted (part. auj.): 1. noda 
tus: Plin 13, 22, 42 (of the stalk of a 
plant). Q, noddsus: v. KNorTY. 3 
géniculatus (of sta/kx): v. JOINTED. 
knottiness: n0ddsitas: Ang. (fig.) 
Usu. better expr. by nudus: (timber use- 
less om account of its k., *materia prop- 
ter nodos inutilis: v. KNoT (I11.). 
knotty; udddsus: a k, club, n, sti- 
pes, Ov. H. 10, 1o1: Kk, nets, 1. lina, Ov. 
M. 3, 1533 plagae, id. F.6, 110. Fig.: 
ke. questions, n. [et anxiae} quaestiones, 
Macr. S. 7, 1, med.: Val. Max. In fig. 
sense, also spinosus: Vv. THOKNY. Phr.: 
a k, point, nodus: e. g., to seltle a k, 
point, nodum expedire, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 3. 
knout: flagellum: v. scourGe. 
know: |. To have a clear percep- 
tion that a thing is so: 1, scio, 4: 
foll. by ace. and inf., acc. of neut. pron., 
or rel. clause with su/j.; also de and 
abl.: Ik. that this is false, svio haec 
falsa esse: this J k., hoc sciv: J ke. how 
fond your friends are of you, scio quam 
sis amicis jucundus: he declased that 
he knew nothing about Sulla, de Sulla se 
scire negavit, Cic. Sull. 13, 39 (et pass.). 
Special phr.: as far as / k., quod sciam, 
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 7: Cic.: more pre- 
cisely, quantum ego quidem sciam, 
Quint. 3, 1, 19: let me k., fac ut sciam, 
Cic. Att. 4, 8, init.: I don't k. whether 
...-not, haud scio (nescio) an, with 
subj.: cf. Cic. Lig. 9, 26, constantiam 
dico? nescio an melius patientiam di- 
cere possim, J don’t k. whether I ought 
not vather to call it....: cf. INCLINED 
(I., Phr.). So, negative of preced., ne- 
scio, 4 (not to know): same constr. as 
preced. : Cic. 9, cognosco, dvi, itum, 
3 (to come to the Inouledge of facts, by 
observation or enquiry: hence, in pre- 
sent sense, chiefly in perf. tenses): 
constr. usu. with acc. of object: also, 
acc. and inf., or rel. clause: that fact 
he k.s from their Gallic arms, id se a 
Gallicis armis cognovisse, Caes. B. G. 1, 
22: Metellus Knew by experience that 
...-, Metello experimentis cognitum 
erat, with acc. and inf., Sall. Jug. 46: 
Vv. TO ASCERTAIN. 3, not to know, ig- 
noro, 1: in this sense esp. With a nega- 
tive, as haud (non) ignoro; or interrog. 
pron., as quis ignorat? Cic.: v. IGNO- 
RANT (TOBE). Phr.: i ts well kn, con- 
stat (v. AGREED, TO BE): I k. quite well 
that you...., notum exploratumque est 
mihi, te...., Cic. fil. Fam. 16, 21, ad 
init.; compertum habeo (of that which 
one has tested by experience), Sall. Jug. 
<8, init.: do you k. what I mean; tenes 
quorsum haec tendant quae loquor? PL. 
Ps. 3, 2, 81: so habeo is used, cf. Cic. 
Att. 5, 21,7, ext7., habes consilia nostra : 
nune cognusce de Bruto, “ you now kK 
(are in possession of ) my plans ; let me 
tell you about Brutus.” Il. To have 
an accurate knouledge of; esp. with 
ref. to language: nosco, vi, tum, 3 (esp. 
in perf. tenses: the impert. signifying to 
get to know): tok. the laus, leges, Jura 
nosse, Cic. in Pis. 13, 30. Negatively, 
ignoro: V. IGNORANT, TO BE. Phr.: &@ 
k. Latin, or not to k, it, Latine scire, ne- 
scire, Cic. Br. 37, 1.0: to k. geometry 
well, *geometricas raienes bene pere 
spectas babere: See alse /T. avy 
Il]. 70 be acquainted with, esp. @ per- 
son: 1, nosco, 3 (esp. in pert. tenses 5 
the imperf. tenses signi.y, Co yet fo k.): 
cf. Pl. As. 2, 4, 58, Sauream non novi.— 
At nosce sane, “+f you do not as yet k. 
him, | should like you to do so:” to ka 
man by sight, nosse aliquem de facic, 
Cic. in Pis. 32, 81: cf. Ver. Hee. 3, 4, 25, 
non novi hominis faciem. 2. nega- 
live, igndro, 1: you do not fk, me Clinias, 
me ignoras, Clinia! Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 53: 
ef. Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 33, et illum et me 
vehementer ignoras (“vou are greatly 
mistaken in both himand me”). Plr.: 
to get to k. any one more intimately, 
aliquem propius inspicere, Plin. Ep. 4, 
15, 3: to k. any me intimately, aliquo 
familiariter uti (implying friendship): 
Vv. INTIMATELY. IV, Jo know how: 
1, scio, 4: tok. how to handle and 
use a thing, rem tractare et pti scire, 
asl 


KNOWING 


LABOUR 


LACERATION 





Cic. Rep. 1, 17: Hor. Negatively, ne- 
scio (= non possum): cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 
18, init., (Stoici) omnino irasci nesciunt, 
don’t k. how (=cannot) to beangry : Hor. 

2. calleo, ui, 2 (to be expert: in this 
sense, poet.): who k.s how to bear po- 
verty, qui c. pauperiem pati, Hor. Od. 4, 
9, 49. See also ABLE, TO BE. 

OWing: sciens, pridens, ete.: v. 
ACQUAINTED WITH. 

knowingly: 1, expr. by sciens 
(L. G. § 343): opp. to imprudens (unin- 
tentionally): cf. Ter. Hec. eztr., plus 
hodie boni imprudens feci quam sciens 
ante hunc diem unquam: legal expr., if 
Tk. deceive, si sciens fallo, Cic. Fam. 7, 
No: ie esclenter in the best authors = 
skilfully: only in Plin. min., si scienter 
(= sciens] fefellisset, Pan. 64.) oh 
pradens (like preced.): v. INTENTION- 
ar Often joined with sciens, Ter.: 

ic. 

knowledge: 1, scientia (in all 
senses): Caes.: Cic. (N.B. If used in 
widest sense, rerum should be added: 
cf. L. G. § 595.) 2. cognitio (strictly, 
the acquisition of knowledge: also k. 
itself, in active sense): to obtain a k. of 
God by gazing upon the heavens, Devrum 
ce. coelum intuentes capere, Cic. N. D. 
2, 56, init.: the (attainment of the) k. 
of law, c. juris, Cic. de Or. 1, 41, 185 
(scientia juris is the k. as attained: cf. 
Cie. Sen. 4, 12, quae scientia juris au- 
gurii, sc. in eo erat). 3. notitia 
(practical k., familiarity with): health 
is maintained by k. of one’s own consti- 
tution, valetudo sustentatur notitia sui 
corporis, Cie. Off. 2, 24, 86: what (inti- 
mate) k. of antiquity! quae n. antiqui- 
tatis! Cic. Sen. 4, 12. (Not notio in this 
sense: v. NOTION.) Phr.: without the 
k. of, clam, with abl., less freq. ace. : 
without your k., clam vobis, Caes. B. C. 
2, 32, med.: Pl., who has acc. (in Cic., 
clam is always an adverb: but, clam 
vos, Pseudo-Cic. in Sall. 5,15). Dimin. 
clanculum, rare with acc., Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 
27, clanculum patres. 4, expr. by abl. 
absol., with impridens, inscius: that 
these things were done without the k. of 
L. Sulla, haec imprudente [inscio} L. 
Sulla facta esse, Cic. R. Am. 8, 21: v. 
IGNORANT. 

known (part. adj.): notus: very 
well k., notissimus, Cic.: v. KNOWN 
(WELL). 

——, to be: 1, constat, itit, 1, 
umpers. (it is well known; generally 
agreed): it is well k., it is indisputable, 
constat....patet, Cic. Mil. 6, 15: by 
Plin. min. used with a subject in 3 pers. : 
rhetor cujus scholae....castitas constat, 
Ep. 3, 3, 3- Q, exsto, iti, atum, 1 (be 
before the world, be obvious): a sum of 
money, the source of which is not known, 
pecunia cujus auctor non ex., Quint. 7, 
2, 52: so, Liv. 1, 18, intt., alius auctor 
non exstat. 

known, to become: exeo, émano 
(to “ooze” out), palam fio (all only in 
3 pers.): V. TO GET (ABROAD). 

——tomake: 1. palam facio, 3 
(to the public, or generally) : (Hannibal) 
an order to make k. to his men in what 
part of the field Ewmenes was, ut p. 
faceret quo loco Eumenes esset, Nep. 
Han. 11: cf. TO GET ABROAD (5). 9. 
declaro, 1 (to make apparent; esp. by 
outward signs): the gods often make k. 
their presence, praesentiam saepe divi d. 
suam, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6: the age (of 
stags) is made k. by their teeth, dentibus 
senecta declaratur, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 116. 

8. pando, 3 (poet.): v. TO UNFOLD, 
REVEAL. 

—,, little: obsciirus: v. OBSCURE. 

—-., well: 1, céléber, bris, bre: 
Vv. FAMOUS. 9, notus: well-k. rob- 
bers, n. (et insignes) latrones, Cic.: foll. 
by gen. of that on account of which 
(poet.), Hor. Od. 2, 2,6: cf. L. G. § 285. 

8. tritus (well-worn; familiar) : 
more usual and better k., (verbum) usi- 
tatius et tritius, Cic. Ac. 1, 7, 27. 4, 
pervigatus (current): a very-well k. 
verse, versus peryagatissimus, Cic. Or. 
43, 147. 

432 





knuckle: condylus (xkovdvaAos) de- 


cisely): Ov. F. 5,191. Phr.: to be in 


fined by H. Steph. as, digiti articulus et | l., parturire: Hor. A. P. 139 (parturiunt 


nodus, seu nodus et curvatura qua di- 
gitus flectitur: cf. Capell. 1, 21, compli- 
catis in condylos digitis, clenching the 


Jist, so as to present the knuckles: but 


the word is extremely rare. 
koran: *Coranus; liber Mabume- 
tistarum sacer; lex Mahumetana. 


L. 


ABEL (subs.) : 1. pittacium : 
to the necks (of the bottles) Ls were 

tied with this inscription, in cervicibus 
p. erant affixa cum hoc titulo...., Petr. 
34. 2. titiilus (strictly the writing, 
not the label itself): cf. Juv. 5, 34, cujus 
{vini] patriam ¢itulwmque (=pittacium) 
senectus delevit. 

label (v.): pittacium s. 
affigo: v. preced. art. 

labial; *labialis, e (Gram. ¢. ¢.): 
Bopp, Sans. Gr, 

laborious: 1. laboridsus (toil- 
some: infreq.): a very extensive and 1. 
work, opus maximum av laboriosissi- 
mum, Liv. 5, 18, fin.: Cic. 2. dpé- 
rosus (oft. in act. sense, painstaking, in- 
dustrious : in present sense, less strong 
than preced.): a tough and 1. task, spis- 
sum et o. opus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2,14. Join: 
(labor) operosus et molestus, Cic. N. D. 
2, 23, 59- 3, expr. by labor, Opéra, 
6pus, esp. in gen. of quality (L. G. 274): 
ii (the discipline) is very 1., magni est 
laboris, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150: 1. as the 
undertaking was, etsi res erat multae 
operae ac laboris, Caes. B. G. 5, 11: ef. 
haud magni operis, Liv. 38, 7, med. 
(labor indicates toilsomeness, opera exer- 
tion): so, how l., quanti laboris, operis ! 


titulum 





v. LABOUR. For active sense, v. INDUS- 
TRIOUS. 
laboriously : 1, laboriose; Pl : 
ic. Spérdsé: Cic.: Ov. (For | 


syn. v. preced. art.) 3, multo labore: 
Virg. G. 1, 197 (magno labore, of exer- 
tion on a grander scale). See also 1N- 
DUSTRIOUSLY. 

laboriousness: expr. by labor : v. 
foll. art. 

labour (svbs.) : |. Eaertion, esp. 
of a toilsome kind: |], labor, Oris, m.: 
ef. Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35, where labor is 


defined as, functio. ..gravioris operis et | 


muneris: to spend 1. on anything, 1. in 
aliquam rem insumere, Cic. Inv, 2, 38, 
113: what l. I have gone through, quan- 
tum laboris exhauserim, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 
1: lo lighten any one’s L., 1. alicui levare, 
Cic. Or. 34, 120. Join: sudor et labor, 
Cic. Font. 1, 2. 2. Spéra (pains, ex- 
ertion: not necessarily of a toilsome 
kind, as labor): hired l., opera conduc- 
ticia, Varr. R. R. 1,17. Join: operam 
curamque (in aliqua re ponere), Cic. 
Off. 1, 6, 19; operam et laborem (con- 
sumere in aliqua re), id. de Or. 1, 55, 
234: to lose one’s 1., frustra 0. sumere, 
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 153 insumere, Liv. to, 
18, exty.: operam perdere, Cic. Mar. 10, 
23. (Opera is that which results in or 
ts devoted to opus.) 3. moles, is, f. 
(lit. mass; hence by meton., toil, la- 
bour : esp. poet.): such 1. did it require, 
tantae m. erat, Virg. Aen. 1, 33: so 
Liv. 25, 11, ad fin., transveham naves 
haud magna mole, i. e. without any 
great labour or difficulty. Phr.: to lose 
one’ sil, acta or actum agere, Cic. Am. 22, 
85: Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 72: cf. supr. 2. ll. 
Work done: 1. Opus, éris, n.: v. 
WORK. 2. labor: to undertake great 
Ls, 1. magnos excipere, Cic. Br. 69, 243: 
an Herculean l., Herculis quidam labor, 
Cic. Ac. 2, 34,108. The l.s of Hercules 
may also be described as facinora, For- 
cell.: v. ACHIEVEMENT. (Labor is more 
intense than opus: ef. Virg. Aen. 6, 129, 
hoc opts, hic labor est.) |||. Zn child- 
birth : 1, partus, as (childbirth): 
Diana is invoked for women in 1, Diana 
adhibetur ad partus, Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 
69. 2, miss (nixus), tis (more pre- 





montes); Phaedr.: / pains, dolores (sc. 
ex utero), Ter. Ad. 3, 1,2: young women 
in L., laborantes utero putllae, Hor. Od. 
oh Ps Oe 

labour (v.): |. Yowurk, toil: 1, 
liboro, i (more freq. in other senses, as 
to be fatigued, in pain, ill, etc.) : to sow, 
spend, l. for oneself, sibi serere, im- 
pendere, |., Cic. Verr. 3, 52, 121: Quint. 
So comp. élaboro, 1 (tol. hard: esp. of 
intellectual labour): Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 
295. (Allaboro, tol. at or in addition, 
Hor, only.) 2. expr. »y Opus, labor. 
with a verb: e.g. to 1, opus facere (of 
husbandry), Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 21: Cic. (v. 
TO WoRK): to J. incessantly, nullum 
ne minimum quidem tempus ad la- 
borem intermittere, cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 
II. Il. Yo strive hard: Enitor, con- 
tendo: v. TO STRIVE. Ill. Yo toil, be 
in distress: laboro, 1 (perh. the most 
freq. sense of the verb): Caes.: Cic.: v 
TO SUFFER. 
under: laboro, 1: the state Ls 
under two opposite vices, duobus diversis 
vitiis civitas 1, Liv. 34, 4, init. May. 
sometimes be expr. by obnoxius: v. 
LIABLE, SUBJECT (adj.). 

laboured : 1, dpérosus (?): cf. 
Hor. Od. 4, 2, 31. Q. affectatus: cf. 
Quint. 11, 3, 10, qui curam et artem... 
et quidquid studio paratur ut affectate 
et parum naturalia solent improbare 
(whatever does not come naturally is 
affectatus). 

labourer: 1, épérarius: to pro- 
cure l.s, 0. parare, Cass. in Varr. 1, 19, 
med,: Cato: Cic. Q, 6péra (a “hand :”” 
agr. t. t.): to hire ls, operas conducere, 
Col. 3, 21, ad fin.: Hor. 8. mercé- 
narius (@ hired 1.): to treat slaves like 
hired Ls, uti servis ut mercenariis, Cic. 
Off. 1, 13, 41: Varr. 4. bajilus: v. 
porTER,. Phr.: the class of l.s, *qui 
operam conducticiam praebent: ct. Varr. 
R. R. 1, 17. 

labouring (adj.): Spérarius: a 7. 
man, 0. homo, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 7. 

laburnum: cytisus: Plin. 16, 38, 73 
(c. laburnum, Linn.): also, laburnum, 
Plin. 16, 18, 31. 

labyrinth: libyrinthus: Plin. 16, 
13, 19: where the description occurs, 
(qui) itinerum ambages occursusque ac 
recursus inexplicabiles continet (ct. Virg. 
Aen. 6, 29, inextricabilis error): Varr. 
in Plin. lic. §91. (N.B—I? ured fig. it 
should be qualified, as, quasi labyrinthus 
quidam.) 

labyrinthine: 1, labyrinthéus: 
Cat. 2, labyrinthicus: Sid. 3: 
usu. better expr. by inexplicabilis, Inex 
tricabilis: v. preced. art. 

lace (subs.): |, The textile fabric : 
*opus reticulatum, texta reticulata: 
Kr, H. 4A cord: perh. linum: v. 
THREAD. 

lace (v.): perh. necto, 3: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 4, 239, pedibus talaria nectit. 
Phr.: tightly ld maidens, vincto pec- 
tore virgines, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23. 

lace-maker: perhaps limbdlarius 
(fringe-maker): Pi. Aul. 3, 5, 45. 

lacerate: 1, lacéro, 1: tol. any 
one’s back with the scourge, |. verbere 
terga, Ov. F. 2, 696: so, Liv. 3, 58, ad 





jin.,, scissa veste tergum laceratum virgis 


ostendit: Lucr.: Hor. Fig.: my sor- 
row Ls and overcomes me, meus me 
moeror |. et conficit, Cic. Att. 3, 4, 1. 
Q. lanio, 1 (to tear in pieces, man- 
gle: stronger than preced.): Cic.: Liv.- 
Vv. TO MANGLE, TEAR. 3. séco, ui, 
ctum, I (poet.): prickly brambles Z. the 
body, hirsuti s. corpora vepres, Virg. G. 
3,444: L.d by the scourge, sectus flagellis, 
Hor. Epod. 4, 11: Ov.: Mart. See also 
foll. art. 
lacerated (part. adj.): 1, lacer, 
éra, rum: a body 1. by the scourge, 1. 
verberibus corpus, Just. 21, 4, jin.: 
Virg.: Ov. (strictly = torn in preces, ct. 
Liv. 1, 28, fin., lacerum in utroque curru 
corpus [Metti]). 2 lactratus, secius 
(with defining words): v. TO LACEBATE, 
laceration ; lacératio: Cic. 


pial 





LACK 





lack (subs.): Indpia; or expr. by 
desum, deficio: v. WANT, SCARCITY. 

lack (v.): égeo, 2: v. YO WANT. 
aacauer (subs.): *gummi laccae 


lacquer (v.): *gummi laccae ob- 
duco (Kr.). 

lacuuey : : 
one 8), /. -a: a throng of Ls, pedisse- 
quorum turba, Col. 1, pref.: Cic. 7) 
salutigerulus puer (who carries compli- 
mentary messages): Pl. Aul. 3, 5, 28. 
See also rooTMAN. 

laconic: Licdnicus: to be used cau- 
tiously, as the adj. is always in Lat. 
used with distinct ref. to the people so 
called: a 1. saying, *Laconica quadam 
brevitate dictum. Cic. uses the Gr, 
word Aaxwricjuos to denote laconic bre- 
vity, Fam. 11, 25. 

laconically : 
brevitate. 

laconism: v. LAcoNIc. 

lacteal ; *luctedlis, e (as med. ¢. ¢.). 

lad: puer, dddlescens. v. Boy, YOUTH. 

ladanum: ladinum (léd-): Plin. 

ladder: scala: more freq., scalae, 
arum (the pl. indicating the steps): one 
4, unae s., Cato, R. R. 13: to carry 
a weight up a l., pondera contra scalas 
ferre, Varr. in Plin. 7, 20,19 the steps 
of a l., scalarum gradus, Caec. in Cic. 
Fam. 6, 7, 3. See also SCALING-LADDER, 

lade ds : Onéro, I: v. TO LOAD, 

laden (part. and adj.) : 1, Snus- 
tus: ships l. ( ‘Ay es with grain, 
naves o. frumento, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50: 
Lucr.: Tac. 2. gravis, e (heavily- 
laden, encumbered): ships heavily 1. 
with spoil, naves spoliis gr., Liv. 29, 35, 
ad init.: so, agmen grave praeda, id. 
21, 5, med. 3, gravidus (lit. preg- 
nant: hence poet.) with l. udder, g. 
ubere, Virg. G. 3, 317: Lucr.: Ov. 4 
plenus: bees with thighs l. with honey, 
apes crura thymo plenae, Virg. G. 4, 
181: an army heavily laden with booty, 
exercitus plenissimus praeda, Inscr. in 
Liv. 41, 28. : 

lading (subs.) : 6nus: v. FREIGHT. 

ladle (subs.) : 1. ligila or lin- 
giila: used for skimming, Col. 9, 15, 
jin.: Plin. — Q, trulla (esp. for serving 
wine from the crater to the cups): brass, 
wooden Ls, t. aheneae, ligneae, Cato, 
R. R. 13: sometimes of costly materials, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62. (The trulla was 
also called €pichysis, cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 
26 § 124.) 8. (?) cyathus (concerning 
the precise use of which, v. Dr. Smith’s 
Dict. Ant. s. v.): Varr. L. L. l.¢.: Hor.: 
Juv. 4, cochlear, cochleare, cochle- 
arium: v, SPOON. 

ladle (v.): nearest word, haurio: v. 
TO DRAW (II.). 

lady: } matrona (a married 1.) : 
Vv. MATRON. 2. démina, héra (at the 
head of a household): v. MISTRESS. In 
gen. sense, the ladies, mulieres, feminae ; 
Vv. WOMAN, 


*Laconica quadam 


lady-day; *dies annuntiationis 
V. B. M. 
lady-like: _1, libéralis, e (of or 


befitting a free woman): Join: honestus 
et liberalis, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 96 (forma 
honesta et liberalis); lepida et liberalis 
(forma), Pl. Ep. 1, 1,45. 2, hdnestus: 
V, RESPECTABLE. 

ladyship: expr. by dimina, héra: 
V. MISTRESS, 

lady’s-maid: ornatrix: Ov. A. A. 
3, 239: Suet. 

lag (v.): cesso, 1: v. TO LOITER. 

laggard (subs.): cessator: Hor. S. 
2, 7,100: Cic. Sometimes tardus may 
serve: cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 2, extr. 

,jassing (adj.): tardus: cf. preced. 
al 


lagoon: laciina (collectio aquae, 
Fest. s.v.): cf. Lucr. 3, 104 (where it 
is applied to the sea generally). 

laic: laicus: Vulg. 1 Sam. xxi. 4: 
Tert. 

lair: 1, litibiilum (/urking-place, 
covert): to hide in their Ls, latibulis se 
tegere, Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42. 2) 
cubile, is, n. (the nest, bed, or lair of any 
creature): Phaedr. 2, 4, 12. Phr.: to 


1. pédisséquus (or with | 


LAMENTATION 


LAND 





rouse the wild-beast from his 1, feram 
fruticeto [silva, etc.) latitantem ex- 
citare, cf. Hor. Od. 3, 12, extr. 

laird: déminus: v. MASTER. 

laity: laici (sc. homines): ‘ert. 

lake: licus, ts: the l. of Geneva, |. 
Lemannus, Caes.. Virg. 

lamb: |. The animal: agnus, f. 
-a: Varr.: Cic.; Hor, Adj., agninus, of 
a lamb, lambs’: Plin. See also LAMB- 
KIN. I]. The flesh: agnina (sc. caro): 
Pl. : Hor, 

lambent: expr. by lambo, i, 3. a L. 
Jlame plays about his hair, innoxia 
ae flamma comas, Virg. Aen, 2, 
| 684. 

lambkin : 1], agniciilus: Arn. 7, 
12, p. 219. 2. agnellus (as term of 
endearment): Pl. As. 3, 3, 77. 

lame (adj. : 1, claudus (usu. of 
the person) : Ll. af one leg, claudus altero 
pede, Nep. Ages. 8: also absol., a l. cob- 
bler, c. sutor, Pl. Aul. 1, 2, 7 (1, I, 34): 
also of the limb, Hor. Od. 3, 2, extr. 
(pede claudo). See also Limprnc. For 
fig. sense, V. CRIPPLED, IMPERFECT. Q, 
débilis, e (in gen. sense, infirm, dis- 
abled): a 1. leg, d. crus, Suet. Vesp. 7. 
To be l., claudicare, Cic.: Ov. (claudere 
occurs only in fig. sense: v. TO HALT), 
Phr.: a l, excuse, excusatio parum 





justa s. idonea, cf. Cic. Fam. 16, 25. 
lamely: |. Of the body: Phr.: 
to walk 1., claudicare; v. LAME. ll. 
Fig.: poorly, imperfectly: perb. im- 
perfect, menddsé: v. IMPERFECTLY. 
lameness: |. Lit.: 1, clau- 
ditas: Plin. 2, claudicatio (rare, esp, 
as temporary condition): Cic. N. D. 1, 
30, 83: Col. 6, 12, init. 8, claudigo, 
inis, f. (not class.): Veg. Vet. 1, 26, init, 
4, debilitas (infirmity disabling the 
whole or part of the body): more pre- 
cisely, d. pedum, Tac. H. 1, 9. (May 
often be expr. by verb e.g. if the l. is 
caused by suffering in the sinews, si 
dolore nervorum claudicat [bos], Col. 6, 





12, med.) Il. Fig.: infirmitas: v. 
WEAKNESS, 
lament (v.): 1, lamentor, 1 


(strictly aloud: hence an action thought 
unbecoming a man: ef. Pac. in Cic. Tuse. 
2, 21, fin.): tol. any one's blindness (of 
women), caecitatem alicujus 1., Cic. Tusc. 
5, 38, 112. Join: flere ac lamentari, 
Cic.; 1. ac plangere, Suet. 2, déploro, 
I (strictly, to weep much, intrans.; also 
in gen. sense, with direct acc. : stronger 
than Eng.): to l. disasters, calamitates 
d., Cic. Ph. 11,2,6. 3, ligeo,2: v. To 
MOURN, GRIEVE FOR. 4, tleo, vi, tum, 
2; intens. défleo (chiefly poet. in this 
sense): v. TO WEEP FOR. 5, miséror, 
1 (to regard and speak of as miserable 
or to be pitied): cf. Caes. B. G 1, 39, 
commune periculum miserabantur: v. 
TO COMMISERATE, PITY. 
lament (subs.) : v. LAMENTATION, 
lamentable: |. To be deplored : 
lamentabilis, e (poet. in this 





sense): Virg. Aen. 2, 4. 2. misé- 
randus: Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 12 (misera ac 
miseranda): Sall. 8, lacrimabilis, e 
(poet.): Virg. (Flebilis in this sense 
should be confined to verse: in Cic. Ph. 
II, 3, 7, ponite ante oculos miseram 
illam et flebilem speciem, the sense is 
piteous: q.v.) See also SAD, MOURNFUL. 
Il. Hapressing lament or grief: 
1, lamentabilis: to deplore with 1. 
1. voce deplorare, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
Q. flébilis, e: Cic.: cf. supr. 1 
(jin.).: Vv. PLADNTIVE, PITEOUS, ‘ 
lacrimabilis: a l. groan, gemitus L., 
Virg. Aen. 3, 39. 
lamentably: | Jn a manner to 
be lamented: miserandum in modum: 
Cic. Prov. Cons. 3,5. [J], 7 @ manner 
expressive of sorrow : 1, flébiliter: 
Cic.: Vv, PITEOUSLY, PLAINTIVELY 9. 
lacrimabiliter (late and rare): Hier. 
(Or expr. by modal adj., lamentabili 
voce, etc.: v. preced. art. LI.) 
lamentation: |, In usu. sense: 
1, lamentum, usu. pl. (loud outery 
of grief): Ls of friends (at a funeral), 
lamenta amicorum, Cic. Sen. 20, 73: 
very oft. with another word, e.g. la- 
2F 


menta lacrimaeque, I. luctusque, Cic. 
planctus et }., Tac’: v. WEEPING, WAU 
ING. 2, lamentatio (the act of utter- 
jing lamenta, cf. supr): Cic.: Liv.: 
Just. Join: lamentatio fietusque; 
plangor et 1.; let gemitus, Cic. (Not 
in the poets.) 3, comploratio (loud L, 
esp. of a number together): Liv.: Gell, 
The form comploratus, iis, also occurs, 
Liv. 4, ploratus, is (weeping, wail- 
ing): Liv. 5. fiétus, is Cic. : esp, 
with another word, vy. supr. (2): v. 
WEEPING. =f, The book of Ls, lamenta- 
tidnes Jeremiae Vulg. 

lamented (part. aij.) : 1, dési- 
dératus, cf. Inscr. in Forcell., parentes 
filio desideratissimo, to their most l. son. 

2. flébilis, e (poet. in this sense) : 

Hor. Od. 1, 24, 9. 

lamenting (subs.) : V. LAMENTATION, 

lamina; lamina (sync. lamna, poet.): 
V. PLATE. 

laminated: *laminatus. 
¢. t. (= laminis consistens), 
| lamp: 1, liicerna: Cic.: Hor, 
Dimin., lacernula, Hier. 2, lychnus (Gr, 
Auxvos" esp. of an ornamental or festive 
kind): hanging l.s, pendentes |., Luer, 
5, 296: cf. Cic. Coel. 28,67. 3, limen 
| (a light in gen. sense): v. Licur (11.). 

lamp-black: fuligo, inis, / (any 
soot): cf. Quint. 11, 3, 23. 

lamp-stand: lychnichus (frequent- 
ly, hanging; pensilis, Plin.): Cic. Q. Fr, 
3 


as scient, 





>). 
lampoon (subs.): famidsum carmen 
or. Ep. 1, 19, 313 also, famosi versus, 
id. S. 2, 1, 68: also, f. libellus (in prose 
or verse), Suet. Aug. 55. Phr.: to com- 
pose a l., carmen condere quod infa- 
miam faciat flagitiumve alteri, X11. Tab. 
in Cic. fr. Rep. 4, 103 c. malum condere 
in aliquem, Hor. S. 2, 1, 82; probrosum 
carmen adversus aliquem facere, Tac. A. 
14, 48. 

lampoon (v.): famosis s. probrosis 
carminibus lacesso; etc.: v. preced. art. 

lamprey: prob. miraena: Pl. Cic. : 
Hor. Dimin. muraenula, Hier. 

lance: 1, lancea: cf. Caes, B. G, 
8, 48, calcaribus equum conjungit equo 
Quadrati, lancedque infesta (thrusting 
at him with his 1.), etc.: Tac.: v. SPEAR. 

2. sarissa (of Maced. infantry): 

Liv. 9, 19, med. Meton. of the men 
themselves (“the lances’’), Auct. Her. 4, 
32, 43. 

lance (v.): incido, apério: Cels. 6, 13. 

lanceolate: *lancedlatus: as bot. t. ¢. 

lancer : lancearius (late): Amm. 21, 
13, fin. 

lancet: 1, scalpellum or -us: to 
use the l., s. admovere (corpori), Cic. 
Sext. 65, init.: Cels. 7, 2, med. (masc.). 

2, phlébdtimus (for bleeding) : 

Veg. Vet. 1, 27, extr.- Coel. Aur. (Veg. 
Vet. I, 22, med, uses sagitta of an in- 
strument for blood-letting.) 
lancet-window: *!enestra lanceo- 


lata (?) 
land (subs.): |. As distinguished 
From water: ], terra Caes.; Cic. 


By l. and sea, t. marique, Sall. Cat. 13; 
Cic.: also, terra ac mari, Cic. Att. Io, 
4, tnit. 2. tellus, iris, 7. (poet.) 
sea and l. were indistinguishable, mare 
et t. nuilum discrimen habebant, Ov. M. 
I, 291. Il. Any portion of preced 
ger, agri: to bestow a grant of l., agrum 
dare, Liv. 2, 16, med.: to hold public L, 
agros publicos tenere (possidere), Cic 
Agr. 2, 26, 68: l.s paying dues or rent, 
agri vectigales, ib 2, 24,64 Felonging 
to or affecting such L, agrarius e.g. @ 
law for the allotment of L, lex agraria, 
Cic.: Liv. ( pass.) Ill. Ground, in 
respect of its quality: sdlum: v SorL. 
IV. A country: the l of Naty, t. 
Italia (by no means gentt.), Liv. 25, 7: 
Caes. very oft. pl., to whatever Ls, in 
quascunque t., Cic. Rep. 2, 4, extr See 
country (II.). YY, Landed property: 
Vv. ESTATE. 
land (adj.): 1, terrénus: 7. ant- 
mals, bestiae t. (opp. to aquatiles), Cic. 
N. D. 2, 37. 103. ab-ol., terrena, orum 
(sc. animalia), Quint. 12, 11,13 by the 
l. route, t. itinere, Plin. 3, 8, 14 § 87 
433 


LAND 





Q. terrestris, e (m. in -er extr. 
rare): lJ. animals, animantum terrestre 
genus Cic. Tim. 1s: lL. forces, t. copiae, 
Caer. B. U. 3, 10° Nep. a Ll. route, t. iter, 
Auci. B. Alex. 25: Plin. 3, pédester, 
tris, tre (going on foot, opp. to by sva): 
esp. in phr. J. battles (opp. to naval 
ones), p. pugnae, Cic. de Sen. 5, 13: 1. 
routes, p. itinera, Cars B. G. 3,9. 

land (v.): A, Trans. |, To 
disembark: expouo, 3: Vv. TO DISEM- 
BARK (I). Il. Zo get a fish fo the 
land: ad terram, ad ripam adduco (?). 

B, Iintrans. to go on shore: 
égr dior, exeo (with defining words): v. 
TO DISEMBARK (I1.). 

land-breeze: ventus 4pégaeus: Plin. 
2, 43,44: usu. better expr. by circumL., 
venius a mediterraneis regionibus ve- 
niens, Cels. 2, 1, ad init. 

landed (aij.): Phrt.: l. proprvetors, 
agrorum possessores, qui agros possi- 
dent. so, J. estates, possessiones ic. 
Agr. puss.: but the terms denote actual 
holding, not true proprietorship: cf. 
Long’s Introd. Cic. Agr., vol. ii. 380: 
cf. Flor. 3, 13, evir., agros...quasi jure 
hereditario possidebant: a wealthy L. 
proprietor, homo dives agris, Hor. S. 1, 
2, 13. 

landing (subs.) : 1. Egressus, us: 
where there was the best l., qua optimus 
erat e., Caes. B.G. 5,8. 2, exscensio 
(a “descent,” for hostile purposes): to 
effect a l., ex. facere, Liv. 28, 8, med.: 
Curt. 3.. appulsus, ts (the act of 
“putting to” to go ashore: esp. in abl. or 
pl.) : to prevent any one from 1., aliqnemi 
{portubus et] litorum appulsu arcere, 
Liv. 27, 30, med. : Tac.: V. TO LAND. 

landing-place: (?) égressus, us: cf. 
preced. art. (1). Phr.; there were plenty 
of convenient l.s, appulsus faciles (erant), 
Tac. A. 2, 8. 

landlady: |. Innkeeper: canpona: 
Lucil. in Prisc. 6, 3, p. 684: v. INN- 
KEEPER. |], Awomanwho has tenants: 
perb. démina: cf. LANDLORD (I1.). 

landlord: |. Innkeeper: caupo: 
Vv. INNKEEPER. I]. Owner of land, 


houses, etc.: ddminus (absolute owner): | 


the l.s (proprietors) of houses let out (in 
parts) to tenants, d. insularum, Suet. 
Caes. 41: the Ll. receives rent from the 
tenant-farmer, *fundi domino annva 
merces a colono (possessore) redit, cf. 
Gai. 2, 51. 

landmark : 1, limes, itis, m.: 
ef. Virg. Aen. 12, 898 ([saxum} limes 
agro positus, litem ut discerneret arvis: 
oftener, a boundary line or wall: Hor. 


Od. 2, 18, 25: Virg. (Limes also de-| 


notes a cross-path, balk between fields.) 
9, lapis. idis, m.: Liv. 41, 13: 
Hygin. de lim. p. 125 (Goes.). 
land-measurer: 1. agrimensor: 
Amm. 19, I1, med. 9. gromiaticus 
(so called from the use of the groma, a 
kind of cross-staff: cf. Goes. lex.) : Hygin. 
(Forcell.). 3, décempédator: Cic. Ph. 
13, 18, 37. 4. finitor (the earlier 
term, which went out of use): Cic. Agr. 
2, 13, extr. (cf. Long’s Cic. IL, p. 431). 
land-measurin~: 1. gromatica: 
vy. Foreell. s.v. (Ars or disciplina may 
be added, the word being strictly an 
adj.) A writer on I., scriptor gromati- 
cus’ Hyginus. the writer on l., bears the 
gurname Gromaticus; and the various 
authors de eadem re are sometimes d - 
scribed as Scriptores Gromatici (v. Dict. 
Ant. s. v. agrimensor); also Scriptores 
Rei agririae (Goes.). 2, expr. by 
verb: azros metiendi ars s. disciplina 
V. TO MEASURE. 
land-rail: v. CORN-CRAKE. 
landszave: |. The actual scene: 
forma et situs agri, Hor. Ep 1, 16, 4; 
regionis situs, Plin. Ep. 5, 6,13. Pbr.: 
the l.in front of the house consists of 
woods and mountains in the distance, 
prospectat domus silvas et longinquos 
montes, cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17. 5- i. 4 
picture of scenery. Phr . to patnt Ls, 
ab certis locorum proprietatibus ima- 
gines exprimere, Vitr. 7, 5, 2; flumina, 
fontes, montes, etc, pingere, ib.. cf. 
* Plin. 35, 10, 37 § 116, where landscape- 


434 








LANGUIDNESS 


painting is described. (By topia, topia- 
tia opera, Vitr., Plin. ll. cc., is denoted 
artificial or fancy landscape.) 

landscape-painter: gui locorum 
proprietates pingit. v. preced, art. 

landslip; lapsus terrae: Liv. 21, 
36, init. 

land-tax: vectigal, alis. n. (any 
due payable by law): to relieve public 
land from l., agrum publicum vectigali 
levare, Cic. Br. 36, 136: also the term 
scriptura was applied to the tux paid on 
public pastwres, Cic. Man. 6, 15, neque 
ex seriptura vectigal conservari potest, 
i.e. the revenue from 1. falls off. (in 
late Lat. the terms agraticum, glebatio, 
glebae collatio, occur, but are unsuitable 
for gen. use.) 

lJand-ward: (ad) terram versus: v. 
TOWARDS. 

land-wind: ventus altanus, apo- 
gaeus, qui e terra consurgit: Plin. 2, 
43, 44- : 

lane: Via agraria, vicinalis : Ulp. Dig. 
43, 8,2 22. See also PATH, ALLEY. 

language: }, Human speech: 
Gratio- the intercourse of l., orationis 
societas, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 12. (Sermu is 
connected speech, discourse.) Il. The 
speech of one people as distinguished 
From that of another: 1, lingua: they 
differ from each other in L., liugua inter 
se differunt, Caes. B. G. init.: the Latin 
1, Latina 1., Cic. 2. sermo, Onis, m. 
(less properly in this sense: v. supr.): 
works composed in the Greek l., libri 
Graeco s. confecti, Nep. Hann. fin. : so, 
id. Them. 10, etc.: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 
III, sermone eo debemus uti qui notus 
est nobis, etc. (i.e. language, style of 
conversation) : poverty of our native L., 
patrii s. egestas, Lucr.: Hor. 3. ora- 
tio (rare): Gell. 11, init. |||, Diction: 

1, dratio (most gen. term): charm- 

ing. polished, elegant, florid 1, 0. suavis, 
polita, concinna, quasi verborum sen- 
tentiarumque floribus conspersa, Cic. 
de Or. 3,25: et pass. Q, verba, orum: 
most weighty l. and sentiments, gravis- 
sima v. et sententiae, Cic. Fam. 10, 16: 
so, copia sententiarum atque v., id. Cael. 
19, 45: melancholy, angry L., v. tristia, 
plena mnarum, Hor. A. P. 106. 3: 
sermo (indicating general style of speech ; 
verba serving to purticularize words 
and expressions): elegance of L., ser- 
monis e., Cic. Att. 7, 3,7: prosaic L., s. 
pedester, Hor. A. P. 95. 4, expr. by 
dico, esp. ger.: to make choice of a style 
of 1., genus dicendi eligere, Cic. de Or. 
35 25) 97: IV. Expressions : 1. 
verba, orum: most complimentary L., 
honorificentissima v., Cic. Ph. 14, II, 
29: to excite hatred by one’s I., verbis 
odia movere, Virg. Aen. 2, 96: to use 
humble 1., v. minoribus uti, Ov. Met. 6, 
151. 9. dictum, both as part. and 
subst. (cf. L. G. § 642): as subst. esp. 
poet.: abusive and insulting !., maledice 
contumelioseque dicta (in aliquem), cf. 
Cic. Ort. 1, 37, 125: to compare any one’s 
1. with his conduct, dicta alicujus cum 
factis componere, Sall. Jug. 48: Quint. 
with such 1, talibus d., Virg. ( pass.) 
Phr.: very insulting l., magna contu- 
melia verborum, Caes. B. G. §, §8: Cic.: 
so, to use insulting L.,contum:lias dicere, 
Liv. 25, 22, ad fin.: also, probra dicere, 
Ov. A. A. 3, 49; jactare (in aliquem), 
Liv. 29, 9 (Vv. REPROACH. INSULT). 

languid: 1, languidus (drooping. 
faint; hence, wanting fo ce): eyes l. 
and dull, oculi l. et torpentes, Quint. 11, 
3, 76: 1. pulsation, |. ictus venarum, 
Plin. 11, 37, 89: Vv. FAINT, LISTLESS, 
Dimin. languidulus, Cat. 2, languens, 
ntis (= preced.): Cic.: Caes. (So to be 
1., langueo; become so, languesco: v. TO 
LANGUISH, FLAG.) 8. rémissus (slacie ; 
wanting in energy): opp. to axilis gna- 
vusque, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 90 V. LISTLESS. 

4. marcidus (lit. withered, droop. 

ing: late) 1. repose, marcida [luxu] 
otia, Claud. Cons. Hon. 3, 40: Stat. 
Also, marcens, entis: Tac. G. 36. See 
also TO LANGUISH. 

languidly: languidé: Caes.: Cic. 

languidness: VY. LANGUOR. 





LAP 





languish: i. langneo, ut, 25 in 
cept. languesco, } (to be or become faint, 
Sfeevle, or remiss): tol in body (=become 
un ell), corpore languescere, Cic. Fin. 4, 
24, 65: love J.s (without a rival), lan- 
guet amor, Ov. A. A. 2, 4363 all emotion 
ls, omnis affectus languescit, Quint. c1, 
3,2. (N.B.—Not to be used o! srasting 
sickness cf. infr.) 2, marceo, 2 (lit. 
to wither, droop: not in Cic.)* tol. with 
luxury, m. luxuria, Liv 23, 45 Cels. 
Incept. languesco, Liv. Plin. 3, ta- 
besco, 3: V. TO PINE, WASTE. See also 
TO DRUOP, FAIL. Phr.: the uar l.’d 
for want of supphes, *propter comme- 
atus inopiam strenue geri bellum non 
poterat; magis trahebatur bellum quam 
gerebatur (v. TO DRAG ON, inty.): war- 
like preparations 1., belli apparatus re- 
frigescunt, Cic. Ph. 5, 11, 30: commerce 
ls amidst civil strife, *inter seditiones 
affiguntur commercia (ef. Cic. Agr. 2, 
30, 83, cetera vectigalia belli difticulta- 
tibus affliguntur): but the verb denotes 
actual prostration: perh. refrigescunt 
may be so used. cf. supr. 

languishing (adj.): |. Wasting: 
tabescens, tabidus: v. TO PINE, PINING. 
Having a languid, enamoured 
loo 1, languidus: more fully 
amore languidus (e, g. oculus): ef. Apul 
Met. 3, p. 56, oculi libidine marcidi. 

2. marcidus: v. supr. (1). 3 

piiter, tris, tre (lit. rotten ; hence, wan- 
ton): cf. Hor. Od. 1, 36, 17, omnes in 
Damalim putres deponent oculos, ~ 

languishingly; languidis (ut ejus 
qui amore depereat) oculis: ef. preced. 
art. 

languor: 1. languor (of body or 
mind; of the former, usu. fatigue or 
sickness: q. V.): repose and solitude 
cause lL. (inaction, laziness), |. afferunt 
hominibus otium et solitudo, Cic. Off. 
init. See also LISTLESSNESS. Q, expr. 
by neut. of languidus: esp. as part 
gen.: no Ll. or slackness, nihil languid 
neque remissi, Sall. Jug. 53. 3 
marcor (chiefly in late writers): 1. and 
irresistible drowsiness, m. et inexpugna- 
bilis dormiendi necessitas, Cels. 3. 2°: 
l. (want of vigour) in a general, m. ducis, 
Vell. 2, 119. 

lank: 1. prolixus (long and 
stretched out): hair hanging loose and 
1., capillus passus, prolixus, Ter. Heaut. 
2, 3, 49: wool l. and not shaggy, p. 
villus nec asper, Col. 7, 3, post init.: of 
l. figure, corpore p. atque exili, cf. 
Suet. Cl. 30. Q. strigosus: v. LEAN, 


Il. 
ke: 


THIN. 

lankness: expr. by prolixus: v. 
preced. art. 

lanky: v. LANK. 

lantern: 14. laterna (lant-): to 


carry a l. before any one, alicui l. prae- 
ferre, Val. Max. 6, 8.1: Cic.: Plin. 2, 
meton. cornu, tis: Pl. Am. 1, 1, 188: cf 
Pl. 11, 16. 16 § 49, laternae cornu. 

lantern-bearer: !aternarius (lant-): 
Cic.: cf. preced. art. 

lantern-jaws: (homo) buccis fluen- 
tibus (?): Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 166; facie 
propter maciem deformis: cf. Hor. Od. 
3 27, 53. 

lap (subs.): |. Of a garment : laci- 
nia : he trod on the l. (border) of his toga, 
togae 1. calcavit, Suet. Cal. 35. Pl.: Cic. 
fil. |]. Of the person: J, grémium 
(indicative of affection or favour): @ 
child sitting in its mother’s L., filius in 
g. (matris) sedens, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85: 
Virg. Fig.: the l. of the earth, Cic. 
Sen. 15, 51. 2. sinus, iis (formed by 
the folds of the toga): cf. Liv. 21, 18, 
Jin, Also=gremium. brought up in 
his mother’s l. (fig.), in (matris) sinu 
{indulgentiaque}, Tac. Agr. 4. br.. 
men expect that happiness should drop 
into their l.s, *compressis quod aiunt 
manibus sedent homines, exspectantes 
dum bona ultro ad se deferantur. 

lap (v.): |. To lick up: lambo, i, 
3: Phaedr. 1, 25, 6- Vulg. Jud. vii. 5: 
v. TO Lick. (N.B. Tennyson has to 
lap=to cause a sound as of one lap- 
ping: I heard the water lapping on the 
crags, *lambentes scopulos ({lenem] sont 


LAST 


LATE 





LAP-DUG 
tum dedere fluctus.) Il. To spread 
over: V. TO OVERLAP. 
lap-dog: citellus (used as term of 
endearment) : Hor. S. 2, 3, 259: Pi. 
lapfull: expr. by grémium, sinus: 
cf. Ov. F. 4, 436. 
lapidary : scalptor (nearest word 
= engraver): Plin. 37, 4, 15 § So. 
lappet: lacinia: v. cap (1.). 
lapse (subs.): |. Sliding motion : 
lapsus, Us: e. g. of stars, Cic. poet. fr-: 
Virg.: v. FLIGHT (L., 2). ||. Passing 
away of time: fiiga (poet.): e.g. tempo- 
rum, Hor. Od. 3, 30,5. Phr.: after the 
l. of a year, interjecto anno: v. INTER- 
VAL (3). Ill. An error: peccatum, 
erratum : v. ERROR (III.), FAULT. 
lapse (.) : |. To glide: labor, 3: 
Vv. TOGLIDE. |], To err: labor, pecco, 
etc.: v. TO ERR (IL., IIL). Ill. To 
fall or pass away from a proprietor : 
révertor, etc. : v. TO ESCHEAT. 
lapsed (part. adj.): cidiicus: cf. 
ESCHEAT (1). 
lapstone: ‘*incus sutoria. 
apwing: *fringilla vanellus: Linn. 
larboard: laeva, sinistra (sc. manus): 
Vv. LEFT (adj.). 
larceny: furtum: v. THEFT. 
larch; (arix, icis, f.: Plin. <Adj.: 
larignus: e.g. 1. materia, larch timber, 
Vitr. 2, 9, 16. 
lard (subs.): adeps, laridum, lardum 
fat): v. FAT (subs.). 
lard (v.): Phr.: to l. poultry, *gal- 
linas larido inserto ad coquendum parare. 
larder: carnarium: Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 
45: Plin.: (or, a cupboard or rack for 
hanging meat in, cf. Gesn. Lex. Rust. 
5. v.). 
large: 1. grandis (applicable to 
whatever is large of its kind): l. tur- 
bots, g. rhombi, Hor. S. 2, 2, 95: 7. 
stones, g. saxa, Caes. B. G. 7, 23: Plin.: 
a very |. sum of money, g. pecunia, Cic. 
Rab. Post. 2, 4. Hence, rather 1., sub- 
grandis or suggrandis (v. rare), Cic. 
Q. Fr. 3, 1,15 very L, pergrandis, Cic. : 
Pl. 2. magnus (v. GREAT): a l. and 
beautiful mansion, domus m. pulchra- 
que, Cic. N. D. 2,6, 17: to pick out the 
largest seeds, maxima quaeque semina 
manu legere, Virg. G. 1, 199: a I. sum 
ef money, m. pecunia, Cic. Att. 11, 3. 
8. amplus: v. spacious. (N.B— 
Largus is copious, abundant, rather than 
large.) Phr.: at large, solutus: I 
wander at l1., solutus (sc. catena) vagor, 
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20: cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 
75, qui in compedibus corporis semper 
fuerunt, etiam quum soluti sunt, even 
when they are set at l.: so, emitti e 
custodia et levari vinculis, Cic. Tuse. 1, 
49, 118. See also LENGTH (AT). 
largely: |. Copiously, liberally : 
], large: v. LIBERALLY. 2. pro- 
lixé: to promise l. about anything, p. de 
aliqua re promittere, Cic. Fam. 7,5: Ter. 
I]. Diffusely: prolixé: e.g. fabu- 
lari, Gell. 12, 1, tnit. 
largeness: amplitiido: Caes.: Cic.: 
v. sIzE. Or expr. by adj.: Vv. LARGE. 
largess: 1, donativum (esp. a 
donative to the soldiers under the em- 
pire): Tac. H. 1, 18: Suet. 2. con- 
giarium (strictly, of corn or corn-money 
to the people): cf. Suet. Ner. 7, populo 
congiarium, militi donativum proposuit: 
Tac. 8, largitio (any lavish bestow- 
ment; esp. with a corrupt purpose): to 
gain the goodwill of the soldiers by Ls, 
largitione redimere inilitum voluntates, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 39, extr.: v. BRIBERY. 
4, expr. by largior, 4: cf. Sall. Cat. 
54, Cato nihil largiendo gloriam adeptus 
(by never descending to corruption, 
giving of largesses). 
largish: subgrandis (sugg.), e: Cic. 
As DA A Ge & 
lark; alauda: Plin. The crested L., 
cassita, Gell. 2, 29. (Alauda cristata, 
Linn.) 
larynx: nearest word, guttur, tris, 
n.: V. THROAT. (But larynx, ngis, m. 
(Gr. Aapvyé] should be used as med. 
$. t.) 


lascivious: 1, silax, acis (esp. of 
anumals: Justful: as applied to rational 





beings, a stronger term than Eng.): the | 
1. god, s. Deus (Priapus), Auct. Priap.: | 
Lact. (de Jove): a l. plant (provoking } 
lust), herba s., Ov. A. A. 2,422. (N.B— 
Not to be used of women.) 2. las- 
civus (more freq. in innocent sense, v. 
SPORTIVE, FROLICSOME) . very lL. pictures, 
lascivissimae picturae, Suet. Tib. 43: 
Ov.: Mart. 3, libidindsus: v. Lusr- 
FUL, LICENTIOUS. 4. pétiilans, ntis, 
(also in less offensive sense: v. PERT): 
Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20. (N.B.—Rare in this 
sense, and always a mild expr.) 5, 
pétulcus (esp. of animals): Serv. Virg. 
G. 4, Io. 6. protervus: v. PERT, 
WANTON. To be l., prurire (lit. to itch): 
Cat. 16,9: Mart. Phr.: lL. paintings 
or representations, libidines: e. g. libi- 
dines pingere, caelare, Plin. 35, 10, 36, 
§ 72 etc.: 1. poems, versus molliculi ac 
parum pudici, Cat. 16, 8. 
lasciviously: _ 1. lascive (cf. pre- 
ced. art. 2): Apul. 2. pétilanter: 
Cic. Coel. 16, fin. See also WANTONLY. 
lasciviousness: lascivia, libido, 
etc. : Vv. LICENTIOUSNESS, WANTONNESS. 
lash (subs.): |. The instrument : 
1, lorum: usu. in pl., the lash con- 
sisting of several pieces of leather: to 
beat with lashes, loris caedere aliquem, 
Cic. Ph. 8, 8, 24: to be galled with the 
L., loris uri, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 46. PA. 
sciitica (of a slight kind): flagellum 
(heavy and knotted): v. WHIP, SCOURGE. 
I]. Lhe blow : verber, éris, n. (chiefly 
in pl., and only in nom. dat. acc. sing.) : 
V. STRIPE. 
lash (v.): |. To apply the whip: 
verbéro, flagello, 1: v. TO BEAT, SCOURGE. 
I]. To censure with severity: cas- 
tigo, 1: to l. the senate violently, in 
senatu castigando vehementem esse, 
Liv. 3, 19, med.: Cic. See also TO IN- 
VEIGH. |||, To make fast to: annecto, 
alligo: Vv. TO FASTEN TO. 
lass; puella: v. GIRL. 
lassitude; lassitido: v. WEARI- 
NESS. 
last (subs.): forma, Hor. S. 2, 3, 106: 
Ulp. Dig. Phr.: let the cobbler stick to 
his l., ne supra crepidam sutor (judi- 
caret): Plin. ¢5, 10, 36, § 85. 
last (adj.): _ |, Final: 1], pos- 
trémus (strictly, hindmost): to put some 
things first, others l., alia prima ponere, 
alia p., Cic. Or. 15, 50: the 1. tribute (of 
affection), mortis p. munus, Cat. Iot, 
3: for the l. time, postremum (with a 
verb), Ter. Andr. 2, 1, 22: Cic. 2. 
ultimus (strictly, farthest back or away; 
in which sense Cic. uses the word: cf. 
Inv. 2, 2, 3, ab ultimo principio, most 
remote in time): to put l. first, praepo- 
nere ultima primis, Hor. S. 1, 4, 59: to 
whom that day was to be the 1., quibus 
u. esset ille dies, Virg. Aen. 2, 248. 3, 
extremus (strictly, outside) : the l. month 
of the year, mensis ex. anni, Cic. Leg. 2, 
21, 54 (but extremo mense, at the end of 
the month) : a l. embrace, ex. complexus, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 45, 118: for the l. time, ex- 
tremum (with a verb), Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 15: 
the l. day, extremus ille dies (v. JUDG- 
MENT-DAY). 4, névissimus (concern- 
ing the origin of this word, see Varr. 
L. L. 6, 7, $59): privy to every scheme 
but the l., omnium consiliorum nisi no- 
vissimi particeps, Sall. Jug. 71: Caes. 
B.G. 5,56. 5, suprémus (not in Cic., 
and usu, with ref. to something import- 
ant): l. will (and testament), s. volun- 
tas, Tac. H. 1, 48. extr.: to pay the l. 
honours (funeral), suprema solvere, 
Tac. A. 1, 61: in one’s l. moments, in 
supremis, Quint. 6, prooem. 11. So is 
sometimes used summus: e. g. summa 
dies, Virg. Aen. 2, 324. See also foll. 
artt. Phr.: thel. but one, paenultimus, 
Aus.: esp. paenultima (sc. syilaba), the 
1. sullable but one, Gell. 4, 7: to breathe 
one’s l., animam efflare, Cic. Mil. 18, 
extr.; spiritum extremum  trahere, 
Phaedr. 1, 21, 4 (but neither phr. asa 
mere syn. for to die: V. TO EXPIRE): to 
be on one’s 1. legs, perb. in (summas) an- 
gustias adduci, Cic. Quint. 5, 19. I. 
Immediately preceding: proximus: / 
night, on the night preceding that, p., 








superiore nocte, Cic. Cat. 1, 1,1. Also 
used of that which immediately fol- 
lows: vy. Smith’s Lat. Dict. propior, 
B,, 11) Phr.: lL evening, heri vesperi, 
Ter.: Cic.: v. YESTERDAY. 

last, at: 1, ad postrémum: at 
1. even the kings of Syria did not refuse 
to... ., Syriae quoque ad p. reges nun 
abnuere, Liv. 38, 16, fin.: Hirt. B. G. 8, 
43. See also FINALLY. 92. ad extré- 
mum (denoting the end of a matter; 
whereas ad postremum refers rather to 
order of succession): atl. they were ez- 


| pelled from the country, ad ex. agris ex- 


pulsi (sunt), Caes. B. G. 4, 4: Cic. ze 
démum (implying, that the thing has 
been long expected): we are at l. landed 
at jour o’cloci:, quarta demum exponi- 
mur hora, Hor.: v. LENGTH (AT). So 
also denique (ib.). 

last (adv.): expr. by postrémus, nd- 
vissimus: the one who arrives l. at the 
meeting, qui ex iis novissimus venit, 
Caes. B. G. 5,56: cf. L. G. § 343. 

last (v.): |. To continue: diro, 
permaneo, maneo: v. TO ENDURE. Tb 
lL. for a long time, perennare, Ov. A. A. 3, 
42: Col. I]. 70 last out; i.e. prove 
sufficient: sufficio, 3: Vv. TO SUFFICE. 
Phr.: the corn he had would barely l. 
30 days, frusnentum se exigue dierum 
xxx. babere, Caes. B. G. 7, 71. 

lasting (adj.): 1, diiturnus, di- 
utinus (long continued): nothing pre- 
tended can be l., simulatum nihil potest 
esse d., Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43 (Vv. LONG): 
Liv. (who prefers the form diutinus: 
Cic. has both). 2. pérennis, e: Hor. 
Od. 3, 30, 1: Cic. (in somewhat different 
sense). 8, mansirus: v. ABIDING. 
Also sempiternus, aeternus, may some- 
times be used; esp. in rhetorical or 
poetic language. 

lastingly : v. PERMANENTLY. (Some- 
times semper, in perpetuum: vy. AL- 
WAYS, PERPETUALLY.) 

lastly: ], postrémo, dénique, etc.: 
v. FINALLY. Q. névissimé (in enume- 
rations: late): Quint. 3, 6, 23, sq., has, 
primum. ...post haec....deinde.... 
novissime : Sen. 

latch; nearest word, pessiilus: v. 
BOLT. 

latchet: i. e. of a shoe: corrigia: 
Cic. Div. 2, 40, extr.: Vulg. Mar. i. 7. 

late (adj.): |. Coming after the 
usual time : 1, sérus: a lL. winter, 8. 
hiems, Liv. 32, 28, med.: the latest kinds 
of pears, serissima pira, Plin. Esp. too 
late: no time tool. for a good intention, 
rectae voluntati s. est tempus nullum, 
Quint. 12, 1, 31: Cic. 2 sérodtinus 
(esp. of fruits, crops, etc.): a 1, sowing, 
s. sementis, Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 204: Col 

3. tardus (loitering behind time, 

backward): thel. nights (af summer), t. 
noctes, Virg. G. 2,482: Ov. Join: tarda 
et sera [portenta], Cic. Div. 2, 30, 64, 
poet. 4, morans, ntis (loitering: 
poet.): Virg. G. 1, 138. — [|], Far ad- 
vanced : 1, multus: esp. in pbrr., 
till l. (far on) in the night, ad multam 
noctem, Caes. B. G. 1, 26: l. at night, 
multa nocte, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2: not till 
l. in the day, multo denique die, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 22. Q. sérus (cf. supr. I. 1) 
l. in the night, sera nocte, Prop. 1, 3, 10: 
Ov. Esp. newt. serum, as subs.: i was 
1. in the day, serum erat diei, Liv. 7, 8: 
the entertainment was prolonged till L. 
in the night, in serum noctis convivium 
productum, Liv. 33. 48, med,: Suet.: 
Tac. Il]. Recent in date: _], ré- 
cens, récentior: v. RECENT. 2. expr. 
by infra (prep.), inférior, us: (Homer) 
was not later than Lycurgus, non intra 
Lycurgum fuit, Cic. Br. 10, 40: belong- 
ing toa l. age, inferioris aetatis, ib. 64, 
intt.: also, aetate inferior, ib. 49, 182. 

3. post (prep.), postérior, us: rather 
later in date, aetate posterior, Cic. Br. 
11, 43: later (“second”) thoughts. pos- 
teriores cogitationes, Cic. Ph. 12, 2, 5. 

4, in compar., propior, us (nearer 

to present date): the later letter (of two), 
p. epistola, Cic. Att. 15, 3. 5, in su- 


. | perl., ndvissimus: v. Last, adv. Pbr. 


l. Latin, infima Latinitas, Dn Cange. 
435 


LATE 


IV. Last in office: Phr. 
consuls, Coss. prioris anni: v.EXx-. Y. 
Departed this life: démortuus (esp. 
with ref. to an office): Vv. DECEASED. In 
collog. use, perh. défunctus (but the 
expr. has no parallel in Lat.) v. DEAD. 
Under the Empire a deceased emperor 
was spoken of as Divus (D.); cf. Tac. 
Agr. 15, where the appellation is repre- 
sented as being used by Britons. Vi. 
That has lately happened: proximus 
(just before or after): v. Last, adj. (I1.). 

late (adv.): |. At an advanced 
time: 1, séro (1. in the day or sea- 
son): on that day Lentulus arrived l, in 
the day, eo die L. venit sero, Cic. Att. 7, 
21: Liv.: Quint.: sooner or later, serius 
ocius, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 26; serius aut citius, 
Ov.: superi., serissime, Caes B.C. 3, 45: 
Plin. Often = foo late: to be wise tool. 
(prov.), s. sapere, Fest.: Cic.: Quint.: 
in this sense the comp. also occurs, = 
serius quam decet, oportet: can we hear 
something, or are we come too l., possu- 
mus audire aliquid an serius venimus? 


Cic. Rep. 1, 13. 2. expr. by multus: 
V. LATE, adj (11.1). |], Recently: v. 
LATELY. 

lately: 1. nuper (not long since: 


of an interval of time relatively short) : 
they (the Allobroges) had 1. been sub- 
dued, u. pacati erant, Caes. B. G. 1, 6: 
Cic.: Hor. 2, modo (a very short 
time ago; but now): cf. Cic. Vcrr. 4, 3, 
6, quid dico nuper ? immo vero modo, 
ac plane paullo ante. I have just l. be- 
come more friendly, sum amicior m. 
factus, Cic. Leg. 2, 2, imtt.: Ov. 3. 
récens* Vv. RECENTLY. 

lateness: expr. by sérus: v. LATE. 
(Sometimes tarditas may serve : v, SLoOw- 
NESS, TARDINESS. ) 

latent; occultus: cf. Virg. G. 1, 86. 
As scient. ¢. ¢., latens: v. HIDDEN, IN- 
VISIBLE, 

lateral: expr. by a latere: cf, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 29, ne quis inermibus militibus 
ab latere impetus fieri posset: v. SIDE, 
FLANK. 

laterally; a latere: v. preced. art. 

lath: perh. asserciilus or tigillum 
(any small pole or beam): v. Lat. Dict. 
$.vv. 

lathe; tornus: Virg.G. 2, 449: Plin. 
To work on the l., tornare: v. TO TURN. 

lather (subs.): spima (froth; or 
anything resembling 1%): Vv. FOAM, 
FROTH. 

lather (v.): Phr.: fo I. the beard, 
*mentum saponis spumis obducere. 

Latin: Latinus: the L. language, L. 
tingua, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, to: the L. race, 
genus L., Virg. Phr.: to speak L., 
Latine loqui, Cic. de Or. 1, 32, 144 (the 
phr. denotes either to use the language 
so called, or to speak it purely, more 
fully, pure et Latine 1. Cic. 1. c.): to 
know (understand) L., Latine scire, Cic. 
Caec. 19, 55: to translate into L., Latine 
reddere, Cic. de Or. 1, 34,155: L. style 
or diction, Latinitas, Cic. (v. LATINITY) : 
the L. holidays, Latinae, arum (se. fe- 
riae): Civ.: Liv, (Latino, Latinizo = 
Latine reddo, are barbarous.) 

Latinist; Phr.: to be a good L., 
Latinarum literarum laude excellere, 
Ruhbnk. in Kr.: specially with ref. to 
writing Latin, *bene s. pulchre Latine 
scribere; Latinitatis probum s. bonum 
auctorem esse: Vv. LATIN. 

Latinity ; Latinitas: a bad authority 
for L., malus auctor Latinitatis, Cic. 
Att. 4, 3, 7. 

latitude: |. Range, scope; esp. 
of action or interpretation : 1, expr. 
by libéré (with ref. to action): cf. Caes. 
B. C. 3, §1, alter Jibere ad summam re- 
rum consulere debet, i. e. to use the ut- 
most l.: also Quint. 6, 1, 43, omnia libere 
fingimus, we allow ourselves the utmost 
l. of fancy. 9. by laté (esp. with 
ref. to wide import of words): the art is 
important, and has great l. (of applica- 
tion): ars magna est et 1. patet, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 55, 2353 cf. id. Off. 3, 17, 70, fidei 
bonae nomen manare latissime, i. e. had 
the greatest l. of application. Pbhr.: 
there ws greater 1. for anything alicui 

436 


the l.| rei laxior locus, Liv. 24, 8, init. 





LAUGH AT 


As geogr. term: *latittido: only as é. ¢. 
Pbr.- in the same l. as the 


(so Kr.). 
Chaldaeans then were, sub ea inclina- 


tione coeli sub qua Chaldaei tunc fue- 
Vitr. in diffe- 
rent Ls, sub diversis coeli regionibus, 
Gell. l. c.: in extent and parallel of L., 


runt, Gell, 14, ad init. 


spatio ac cvelo, Tac. Agr. 10 so, appy. 

positio coeli et declinatio, Col. 1, 6, 

ad fin. 
latitudinal : 


BREADTH. 


latitudinarian (subs.): *qui libe- 


rius sentit de rebus theologicis. 
latitudinarianism: comp. preced. 
art. 
latter: |. Subsequent: postérior: 
v. LATE (III.). |, Last mentioned : 
hic (out hic may mean the former where 


it is the object immediately present to 


the mind of the speaker, L. G. § 366, 
Obs.) : cf. Sall. Cat. 54, init. : Cic. (often 
hic, ille = simply the one, the other, cf. 
Quint. 3, 6, 95, hic testamento, tlle prox- 
imitate nititur, where no individuals 
have been mentioned). 

latterly: proximis his diebus, cf. 
Cic. Am. 2, 7. 


lattice: 1. cancelli, orum (any 


cross wood-work; esp. for the purpose 


of a fence or barrier): cf. Varr. R. R. 
3, 5, perticae inclinatae et in eis trans- 


versis perticis annexis, ad speciem can- 


cellorum scenicorum. Cic.: Ulp. Dig. 
Hence, cancellare, to enclose with l.- 
work, Col.: in the manner of 1.-work, 
cancellatim, Plin. 7, 20,19. 2, trans- 


enna (a rare word ; denoting lattice-work 


or grating, esp. for windows) : Cic. (who 
has the prov. expr. quasi per transennam 
aspicere, de Or. 1, 35, 162): Non. 
lattice-work: opus cancellatum s. 
reticulatum (Forcell.): cf. preced. art. 


laud; laudo, extollo: v. TO PRAISE, 


EXTOL. 

laudable: 1, laudabilis, e: Cic.: 
Quint, (but used more like a verbal than 
in Eng., and not simply as syn. for ez- 
emplary, excellent). 2, laudatus (that 
is actually the object of praise): the 
mother of all l. arts, omnium 1}. artium 
parens, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, emit. (Rare in 
present sense.) 8. laude dignus: v. 
PRAISEWORTHY. 4, bonus (gen. term): 
cf. Sall. Cat. 10, fides, probitas, ceter- 
aeque bonae artes: see also EXCELLENT. 

laudableness: expr. by circuml. : 
Vv. TO PRAISE; and preced. art. 

laudably; laudabiliter: Cic.: Val. 

ax. 

laudation: 1, laudatio: v. EU- 
LOGY. 2, praeconium (strictly, by a 
public crier): Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 3. See 
also PRAISE, 

laudatory: 14, honorificus, comp. 
-centior, -centissimus (doing honour to) : 
most l. (complimentary) terms, honorifi- 
centissima verba, Cic. Ph. 14, II, 29: 
Caes. Q. laudativus (rhet. ¢ ¢.): 
Quint. 3, 4, 12. 

laugh (v.): 1, rides, si, sum, 2 
(most gen. term, including to smile): 
Crassus 1.’d once in his life, Crassus se- 
mel in vita risit, Cic. Fin. 5, 30, jin.: to 
speak the truth Ling (playfully), riden- 
tem dicere verum, Hor. S. 1, I, 24. 
Often fig., cf. Lucr. 1, 8, tibi rident 
aequora ponti: v. TO SMILE. 9. ca- 
chinno, 1; also, cachinnor, 1 (to laugh 
aloud, explode with laughter): cf. Cic. 
Verr. 3, 25, 62, ridere convivae; cachin- 
nare (al. -ari) ipse Verres: Lucr. 3. 
very often expr. by risus, tis; cichinnus, 
i: to set people ling, risum movere, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 58, 235: the populace burst out 
ling, r. populi factus est, id. Verr. 4, 
12, 27: to burst out ling all at once, 
subito in cachinnos effundi, Suet. Cal. 
32: V. LAUGH (subs.), LAUGHTER. 
at: 1, rideo, 2 (either plea- 
santly or scornfully): to l. heartily at 
any one’s jokes, alicujus joca satis r., 
Cic. Att. 14, 14, init.: Jove Ls at lovers’ 
perjuries, perjuros r. amantes Jupiter, 
Prop. 2, 16, 47 tol. at one with good 
reason, aliquem merito r., Quint. 8, 3, 
19. Hor. Q, dérideo, 2 (to L. to scorn, 





in latitudinem: v. 





LAVA 


q. v.* also with acc.): v. TO DERIDE. 
3. irrideo, 2 (to mock: same con- 
str.): V. TO RIDICULE, MOCK. 

laugh out: cachinno, 1: v. To 
LAUGH (2). 

— to scorn: dérideo, 2 (with acc.); 
Join: deridere atque contemnere, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 14,54. | 

laugh, laughing (subs.): ‘1, ri- 
sus, ts: to set up a laugh, r. tollere, 
Hor. A. P. 381: to crack one’s sides with 
laughing, (paene) risu corruere, Cic. Q. 
Fr. 2, 10, med.: to try to provoke a l., 1 
captare, Cic. Tusc. 2, 9, init. to keep 


from laughing, risu se continere, Pl. As. 


3, 2, 36; risum tenere, Hor. A. P. 5. 

2. cachinuus (loud, boisterous): to 
burst out into a loud laugh, c. tollere, 
Cic. Fat. 5, to: Lucr.: Ov.: v. TO LAUGH 


(3). 

laughable: 1. ridiciilus: it isa 
l. affair (the comedy), r. res est, Pl. As, 
prol. 14: Cic. Join: (res) ridicula 
et jocosa dignaque cachinno, Cat. 56. 
Very l., perridiculus, Cic. (N.B.— The 
adj. subridiculus, somewhat l., does not 
occur, but the adv. does.) 2. jocdsus 
(sportive as opp. to sertous): Vv. JOCOSE, 
SPORTIVE (ef. supr. 1). 3, risu dig- 
nus: cf. supr. (1). 

laughably: ridictilé: Join: ridi- 
cule atque facete, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 243. 

laughing-stock: lidibrium : to be- 
come a general 1., in ora hominum pro 
1, abire, Liv. 2, 36 (Hor. has, lL. debere, 
Od. 1, 14, 16, Gr. yeA@ra opAciv* poeticé) « 
cf. Liv. 1, 56, ad jin., where Brutus is 
called, ludibrium verius quam comes 
Suet. Phr.: to be made a l. of, irrisui 
esse, Caes. B. C. 2, 15: Apul.; some- 
times ridiculum esse or fieri, may serve : 
cf. Juv. 3, 153. 

laughter: _ 1, risus, us: to excite 
l., r. movere, Cic.: v. LAUGH (subs.). 

2. cachinnatio (indecorous Ll. : rare): 

Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 66. (Also, if the act be 
meant, cachinnus: Vv. LAUGH, subs.) 

launch (v.): |. To fioat a vessel 


for the first time : dedico, xi, ctum, 3 (to 


haul down to the sea ; whether just after 
building or subsequently): to l. ships, 
naves d., Liv. 30, 3: Virg. (To denote 
the modern way of launching, perh. 
demittere.) I], To hurt: contorqueo, 
2; jactilor, 1: v. TO HURL. Phr.: he 
ls thunderbolts from his right hand, 
fulmina molitur dextra, Virg. G. 1, 329. 
II|. Intrans. and fig., to launch out, 

i. e. expatiate: 1, exspatior, I: v. 
TO EXPATIATE. 2. inséquor, ciitus, 3 
(in the way of invective): foll by in 
and acc.: V. TO INVEIGH (AGAINST). §, 
expr. by circuml., de aliqua re uberius 
ac fusius disputo, dissero; v. TO EN- 
LARGE (UPON). 

laundress;: *lavatrix, lotrix. (La- 
vator = 7Avtns, Gloss. Philox. in Forc.) 

laundry; lavatorium: v. Du C.,s. v. 

laureate (adj.): laureatus: v. LAu- 
RELED. As subs., perh. poeta coronatus, 
cf. Suet. Dom. 13, [unus] de oratoribus 
coronatus: or, (poeta) laureatus, qui 
dicitur. 

laurel (subs.): |, Thetree: laurus, 
i; less freq., -iis, f. (by some supposed to 
be the bay): Cic.: Liv. (Laurus nobilis, 
Linn.) |]. The decoration: 1, lanréa 
(strictly adj., corona being understood ) : 
worthy of the l., laureé donandus, Hor. 
Od. 4, 2, 9: Ov. 2. meton. laurus (v. 
supr. 1): ef. Cic. Fam. 2, 16, ad init. (de 
triumpho suo). 

laurel (adj.): laureus: a l. wreath, 
1. corona, Liv. 23, 11: Ov. 

laureled (part. adj.): 1, lau- 
reatus (decorated with laurel or bay) = 
a l. bust, 1. imago, Cic. Mur. 41, 88: aL. 
letter (announcing victory), 1. litterae, 
Liv 45, 1. med.; also simply, laureatae, 
Tac. Agr. 18, fin. 2, lauriger, éra, 
érum (poet.): l. fasces, 1. fasces, Mart, 
Io, 10, 1: of Apollo, Ov. A. A. 3, 389. 

lava: |. The stream: torrens 
igneus (Kr.): or perh. liquefacta massa, 
cf. Virg. Aen. 3, 576. Claud. has, Vul- 
canius amnis, Rapt. Pros. 1, 170. (But 
sometimes it may be necessary to use 
the word lava; where needful, qualitied 





LAVATORY 





by such a clause as, quae dicitur—ita 
appellatur fervens liquefactae massae 
flumen.) I]. The solid substance as 
cooked: *lava: (Kr. gives, massa tor- 
rentis vulcanii durata, torrida). 
lavatory; *livatorium v. DuC.,s.v. 
lave; lavo, 1: v. TO WASH, BATHE, 
laver: 1, aquilis, is, c. (strictly 
adj.) : abason for water: Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 33. 
2. aquiminarium (jor the hands) : 
Ulp. Dig. 34, 2, 19, $12: also aqui- 
minale, is, m.: Paul. (Fore.). 3, mal- 
livium (for the hands): Fest. s. v. 
4, lavacrum (in eccl, authors, the 
l. of baptism): Vulg. Vit. iii. 5. 5. 
labrum (a large, wide-lipped vessel) : 
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20: Vulg. Ex. xxx. 18: 
v. Dr. Smith's Dict. Bibl. s. v. laver. 
6, concha (smaller; not class.): 
Vulg. 2 Paral. iv. 6. 
lavish (adj.): 1, prodigus (of per- 
sons; using or bestowing wastefully) : 
l. of money, p. aeris, Hor. A. P. 164. 
Join: iargitor et prodigus, Cic. Cat. 
4, 5, 10. 2. profiisus (of persons or 
things): l. of what is one’s own, sui 
profusus, Sall. Cat. 5: /. expense, p. 
sumptus, Cic. Quint. 30,93. 3, effiisus 
(like preced.): ¢. in giving, in largitione 
ef., Cic. Coel. 6, 13: Vell. 4. largitor 
(in giving: strictly subs., but used as 
masc. adj.): 1. with money, pecuniae L, 
Sall. Jug. 95: Cic. (v. supr. 1). See also 
EXTRAVAGANT. Phr.: to make l. pre- 
sents, largiri (v. TO BESTOW). 
lavish (v.): 1, profundo, fidi, 
sum, 3 (to pour out or spend freely) : to 
l. money or life for one’s country, pe- 
cuniam, vitam pro patria p., Cic. Off. 1, 


24, 84. Q. effundo, 3: v. TO SQUAN- 
per. §8, largior. 4 v. TO BESTOW. 


So, dilargior, to l. upon different persons, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 29, fin.: ‘l'ac.: Suet. Phr.: 
to l. caresses on any one, in amplexus 
alicujus effundi, Tac. A. 12, 47. 
lavishly; 1. effise: Join: large 
effuseque [donare]}, Cic. R. Am. 8, extr, 


2, profasé: Suet. Zo give l., largiri: | 


V. TO BESTOW, 
lavishness : 
LAVISH, 
law: |. Of a political, social or 
moral kind: 1, lex, legis, f. (in most 
senses of the Eng.): to give notice of, 
propose, carry a l., 1. promulgare, ferre, 
perferre, Cic. pass.: to break a l,, 1. vio- 
lare, Cic. in. C. Ant. fr. (v. TO BREAK, 
III.)- te proceed according to l., lege 
agere, Cic. de Or, 1, 38, fin.: law not 
written but instinctive, lex non scripta 
sed nuta, Cic. Or. 49, 165: @ 1. of nature 
(mot of human enactment), 1. naturae, 
id. Off. 3, 6,27 (described as, ratio pro- 
fecta a rerum natura, id. Leg. 2, 4, 10): 
natural |. (as a universal power), |.natu- 
ralis, id.N. D 1, 14, init. Q, jis, juris 
n. (denoting not as lex, strictly one special 
enactment, but an entire body of laws) : 
augural 1, jus augurium, Cic. Sen. 4, 
fin.: civil l., jus civile, Cic. pass.: to 
declare the l. (magisterially), jus dicere, 
Paul. Dig. 1, 1, 11: Cie. to lay down 
the l. (as any experienced person might 
do when consulted), de jure respondere, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 142. civil or canon L., 
jus Caesareum aut pontificium, Erasm. 
Coll. Il. 54. See also riGur (subs.). 
3. fas, indecl. (divine as opp. to 
human law): to do away with all L., 
human and divine, jus ac fas omne 
delere, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3? Liv.. also, 
fas et jura (where divine law is chiefly 
indicated), Virg.G. 1,268. Phr. togo 
tol. with any one, litem alicui intendere : 
v. ACTION (V,) %t is a I. (dictate) of na- 


expr. by adj.: v. 


ture, hoc natura praescribit, Cic. Off. 3, | 


Griz: Il. Any regulative principle: 
nevma. V. RULE. Wh. The books of 
Moses : lex (** Thora” libri qui dicuntur), 
Moysis libri quinque. 
itaw-breaker: legis violator: (Liv. 
bas, violator gentium juris, 4, 19). 
lawful: 1, légitimus (agreeable 
to existing laws): a l. adversary (opp. 
to a freebooter, etc.), Justus et |. bostis, 
Cic. Off. 3, 2g, fin.: l. hours ( fized by law), 
1. horae, id. Varr. 2, 1, 9, 25: Vv. LEGAL. 
2. fas, indecl. (agreeable to dine 
daw or conscience) what tis l. for man 





LAX 





Am. 3, 11: quod fas est, and quod a 
leges licet, are mentioned together, Cic. 
Mil. 16, 43: not to consider a thing t. 
fas non putare (foll. by inf.), Caes. B.G. 
5, 12° also with second sup., si fas est 
| dictu, Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38. 3, licitus 
(rare): Tac. Phr.: tt is L, licet, 2; 
| per legem, leges, being added when the 
ref. is to an existing law or laws (Vv. 
supr. 2): the same things are not 1. 
everywhere, non ubique idem licet, cf. 


Quint. 5, Lo, go. 
lawfully : 1, légitimé (in ac- 
cordance with existing laws): Vv. LE- 
GALLY. Q, lége, légibus (= preced.): 
he could not Ll. be discharged, neque 
legibus (Atheniensium) emitti poterat, 
Nep. Cim. 1. Also per leges (with ref. 
to that which the law does not forbid ; 
whereas the abl. denotes positive direc- 
tion of the law): Cic.: cf. LAWFUL (2). 
8. where the ref. is to moral law, 
expr. by fas: v. preced. art. (2). 
lawfulness: expr. by circuml. : 
v. preced. art, 
lawgiver : V. LEGISLATOR. 
lawless; i. e. restrained by no law: 
1, licens, ntis (rather rare): applied 
by Cic. to the structure of the dithy- 
ramb, de Or. 3, 48. 185 (in which sense, 
lege solutus, Hor. Od. 4, 2,12): Val. Max. 
Join: audax et licens, Gell. 15, 9. 
9, audax (usu. of that daring which 
defies law): towithstand the l., audacibus 
resistere, Cic. Inv. 1, 3, 4: more fully, 
ad facinus audax, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9. 54 
néfarius (stronger than the Eng.): v. 
WICKED. 4, quod contra leges fit (op- 
posed to definite enactments): ¥. ILLE- 
GAL. (N.B.—The phr. legibus solutus 
denotes exemption from the operation 
of particular laws. cf. Merivale, ch. 
Xxxi. ad fin.) 
lawlessly ; licenter: Cic.: Hor.. 
V. LICENTIOUSLY. 
lawlessness: licentia: Vv. LICENCE. 
lawn: |. Of grass: pratum, pra- 
ttilum: we sat down on the l. by Plato's 
siatue, in pratulo propter Platonis sta- 
tuam consedimus, Cic. Br. 6, 24: cf, 
| Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 18 and 35. Sometimes 
saltus (land with woods and glades) may 
serve: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. (R. and A. give 
campus gramineus, planities graminea 5 
which may denote any grassy expanse.) 
|]. 4 sort of fine linen: perh, sindon 
or byssus: Vv, LINEN, 
lawsuit: 1, lis, litis, f.: to seek 
to recover property by al., bona repetere 
ac persequi lite et judicio, Cic. Verr. 3, 
13, 32: to institute al. about anything, 
1. instituere de aliqua re, Tryph. lig. 5, 
2, 22, § 3: to enter onal. against any 
one, 1. alicui intendere, Cic. de Or. 1, Io, 
42; in aliquem inferre, id. Clu. 41, 116. 
See also ACTION (V.). 2, coutroversia 
(a dispute, whether brought before a 
magistrate or not): to decide Ls., ¢. 
distrahere, Cic, Caec, 2, 6: v. DISPUTE. 
(Controyersia denotes a lawsuit as @ con- 
troversy between parties ; lis, is the legat 
proceeding.) 
lawyer: 1. juirisconsuitus, or as 
two words (abbreviated, Ictus . one qua- 
lified to lay down the law): Cie.. Quint. 
Also jure consultus, Cic. Manil. 12, 27. 
Absol., consultus, Cic. Caee. 27, 78. 
superl. consultissimus, Cic. Br. 40, 148. 





adject. sense, s/illed in jurisprudence) : 
ef. Cic. Br. 39, 145, Crassus, eloqnentium 
jurisperitissimus, jurisperitorum = elo- 
quentissimns: Hor. bas, juris legumque 
peritus, Sat. 1, 1, 9° Gell. 3, juris- 
priidens (late): Dig. A pettifogging L., 
leguleius, formularius, Quint. 12, 3, I1 
(the former term from Cic. de Or, 1, 55, 
Jjin.). 

lax: 1. dissdliitus: Ul. in passing 
over (an offence), in practermittendo d., 
Cic. Verr. 5, 3, extr.: opp. to vehemens 
(strict, severe), ib. 5, 40, 104. 9. ré- 
missus (oft. an epithet of praise, easy, 
quiet): esp. in compar (= more slack 
| than one ought to be), if we choose to be L., 
| si remissiores voluerimus esse, Cic, Cat. 
4, 6, 12. 8, laxus: to exercise lazer 
discipline over troops, 











Sane ie ee : 
2, juris or jure péritus (more freq. in | 


mifites laxiore ! 





Jjix dawn, establish. 
Joundations, 


LAY ASIDE 





to wish, quod homini fas est optare, Cic. | imperio habere, Sall. Jug. 64. (Not in 


Cic., who however hus laxas bhabenas 
uabere, in anal. sense, Am. 13,45.) 4, 
negligens: V. NEGLIGENT, CARELESs. See 
also LOOSE (adj.). 

laxative: laxativus (as med. ¢. t.): 
Coel. Aur. . see also PURGATIVE. 

laxly: 1, dissdlité: opp. to severe, 
Cic. Ph. 6, init.: Brutus in Cic. Ep. 

Q. rémissé, or perh. better, remissius 

(cf. LAX, 2): neither tyrannically nor 1, 
neque crudeliter neque remisse, Col. 1, 
8, med. 8, laxé (rare in this sense); 
Sall. Jug. 84, extr. (better, laxiore im- 
perio, v. LAX, 3). 4, negligenter: v. 
CARELESSLY,. 

ete 1, expr. by adj.: by 

laxity means we must avid 
the appearance of l., *magnopere caven- 
dum est ne dissoluti (remissiores quam 
decet) esse Videamur: v.Lax. 2, perb. 
rémissio: cf. Cic. Cat. 4, 6, extr., where re- 
missio poenae (together = laxity) is opp. 
to severitas animadversionis. Join: 
remissio animi ac dissolutio (= wealeness, 
want of spirit), Cic. Fam. 5, 2, ad fin. 
(Laxitas in this sense, without antho- 
rity : in Cic.==roominess). For laxity = 
extent of import, etc. : V. LATITUDE. 

lay (wv): |. To place: pono, 3 
Vv. TO PLACE} and foll. artt. Il. To 
Phr.: to Ll. the 
fundamenta jacere (v. 
FOUNDATION). Fig.: to l. one’s plans, 
ratiouem capere (foll. by ut), Ter. Heaut. 
5, 2, 113 So, r. inire, ib. 4, 2, 7. See 
also, TO FORM (V.). Il. Zo prostrate : 
sterno, stravi, tum, 3: Virg. Aen. 2, 3c6 
(but the expr. is more emphatic than 
the Eng.). IV. Yo depositeggs: 1, 
pario, pépéri, partum, 3: both with 
ovum, e. g. Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 57; and absol. 
Col. 8, 5, init.: Varr. So partirio, 4 
to be about to L., Col. 1. ¢. 2. ek 
didi, ditum, 3 (to deposit eggs ; whereas 
pario may include the vhole breeding 
process): they begin to l. about Jan. }, 
circa Kal. Jan. ova e. incipiunt, Col. 1, ¢.: 
also, edere fetus, id. 8, 11, med. 3. 
énitor, sus and xus, 3 (lit. to strain out : 
less freq. than preced.), with ova, Col 
8, 11, med.; also absol., ib. paulu ante. 

4, as pass. nascor, natus, 3- to 

gather up eggs that have been laid, 
quae nata sunt (ova) recolligere, Col. 8, 
5, ad init.: Varr. (Cic. has, ova gignere, 
of the spawning of jfish, N. D. 2, 5i, 


Jin.; Ov., ova ponere, Met. 8, 258, poet.) 


V. Miscell. Phr.: to l. the dust, 
pufverem sedare, Phaedr. 2, 5, 18. to /. 
snares, plagas (retia, ete.) tendere, Cic. 
Off. 3, 17, init.; ponere, Virg.G. 1, 309: 
to l. siege, obsidére, obsidére (v. TO 
BESIEGE, SIEGE): tol. (violent) hands on 
any one, fvim et] manus alicui inferre 
(Vv. HAND, 1, ii.)- whatever one could 1. 
hands on, quod cuique temere ad manum 
venisset, Liv. 38, 21. he laid (the remark) 
to heart more than any one would have 
thought, quod verbum in pectus (ejus) 
altius quam quisquam ratus erat, de- 
scendit, Sall. Jug. 11: to la thing well 
to heart, aliquid in pectus demittere, Sall. 
Jug. 102, ad fin.; in pectus animuimque 
demittere, Liv. 34, 50: incumbere ad 
aliquid toto pectore (implying earnest 
pursuit), Cic. Fam. 10, 10: to l. waste, 
vasto (Vv. TO DEVASTATE) (0 lL. blame 
upon (Vv. BLAME, II.). See also foll. artt. 

— aside: |, Zo remove: x 
pono, 3 (to put off or away): tol. aside 
one’s garments, velamina p., Ov A. A 
2, 613: Cic.- to l. aside a book, librum 
de manibus p., Cie. Q. Fr.1,1,8. Fig. 
to 1. aside covetousness, studium lucri p., 
Hor, Od. 4, 12,25. So comps. (1.) dépono, 
3 (esp. in fig. sense) tol, aside the re- 
collection of something, alicujus rei 
memoriam d., Caes. Cic. (2.) répodno, 
3 (to put by or out of the way): tol. 
aside arms Gnd cover them up, arma Tf. 
atque contegere, Caes. B.C. 2, 14° Virg. : 
Ov. (3.) s€pono, 3 (oftener in sense Il.) ; 
to l. aside care, curas s., Cv 9. 
amdveo, movi, tum, 2 (esp. with ref. to 
the mind): to l. aside fear, metum a. 
Ter. Andr 1, 2, 10 Cle. 8, exno, i, 
jitum, 3 (to put quite away): to I. aside 
all fear, omnem ex, timorem, Ov, M. 1. 

aw 


LAY BY 
622: Cic.; v. To vivestT(LII.). [I To | 
reserve * 1, sépono, 3. Liv. 1, 53, ad 


init. (captivam pecuniams.) Cic. 2, 
répono, 3: Join. condere ac reponere 
[fructus], Cic. N. D. 2, 62, extr.: Hor. . 
V. TO RESERVE, STORE. 

lay by: v. preced. art. (II.). 

—down: |. foabandon: Phr. 
tol. down one’s arms, ab armis discedere, 
Vic. Ph. 8, fin. : Caes.: also, arma povere, 
Caes. B.G. 4, 37: tol. down (the badges) 
of office, secures p., Hor. Od. 3, 2, 19: 
to lay down an office, magistratum, im- 
perium deponere, Caes. B. G. 7, 33: 
Quint. : magistratu abire (when the 
office is vacated in due course), Cic. Leg. 
3, 20, 47: esp. in the case of a dictator, 
dictatura se abdicare, Liv. 3, 29 (but 
also d. deponere, Quint. 3, 8, 53): v- TO 
ABDICATE. Il. Yo state a proposition : 
statuo, i, itum, 3~ to Ll. it down that 
pleasure is the crief good, voluptatem 
summum bonum s., Cie. Off. 1, 2, 5: 
where a command is implied, foll. by 
ut or ne: cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 38, 97, statuitur 
ne sit Creta provincia: v. TO DECIDE, 
DETERMINE. 

— before: propono, 3: to 1. before 
Caesar the pleasure of the senate, Caesari 
voluntatem senatus p., Caes. B. C. 1, 3: 
also with rel. clause, id. B. G. 6, LI. 
Renae préhendo, etc.: v,. HOLD 

sela)ss 

ee: in: colligo, 3: v. TO GATHER IN. 

—on: |. Zo place upon: im- 
pono, siiperimpOno, 3: Vv. TO PLACE 
UPON. I. To inflict blows: Phr.: 
to l. on, fustem alicui impingere, Coel. 
in Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 4: of blows with the 
fist, infringere colaphos alicui, Ter. Ad 
2,1,45 lay on forthwith! ne sit mora 
quin pugnus continuo in mala (ejus) 
haereat ! ib. v. 17. 

— open: patéfacio, recludo, etc. : 
Vv. TO OPEN, DISCLOSE. Phr.: tu Ll. open 
an ulcer, ulcus adaperire, Cels. 5, 28, 
7 and 8; aperire, ib. § IT. 

— out: | To arrange for bury- 
ing: *propono, 3 (Gr. mpotiderGac). 

Il. Zo spend: rogo, 1, etc.: v. TO 
SPEND. lf. Zo plan: 1, désigno, 1: 
to l. out walks, ambulationes d., Vitr. 5, 
11,4.  Q, métor, 1: v. TO MARK OUT. 

— together: Phr.: to l/. (their) 
heads together, capita conferre, Liv. 2, 
45, med. ; 

up: |, To store: récondo, didi, 
ditum, 3: tol. up wealth in a treasury, 
opes aerario T., Quint, 10, 3, 3: Col. 
Fig.: tol. up words, looks (as a grudge), 
verba, voces r., Tac. A. 1, 7, extr. See 
also TO STORE, TREASURE UP. I]. Zo 
confine to bed: usu. pass., to be laid 
up: aegroto, ctibo, jaiceo: Vv. ILL, TO BE. 
Phr.: during all the time he was laid 
up, per omne tempus valetudinis suae, 
Suet. Gr. 2. 

— upon: impono, injungo, ete. : 
v. To IMposeE. Phr.: to l. all the blame 
upon any one, omnem culpam in aliquem 
inclinare, Liv. 5, 8, fim. See also BLAME 
(IL). 

— waste: vasto, etc.: 
VASLATE. 

lay: mélos, i, 7. (poet.): Hor.: v. 
STRAIN. 

lay (adj.): laicus: Eccl. Serr. 

layer? j. 4 stratum or bed: 1, 
corium : to form a, first, second l. (of a 
jloor), primum, alterum, c. facere, Cato, 
R. R. 18, med.: Vitr, 9, tabilatum, 
stratura: Pall. 12, 7, med. (of manure). 

li. Of @ plant, for propagation : 
propago, inis, f.: Virg. G. 2,26 Cic. 

laying (subs.): of hens, partus, us: 
Col. 8, 5, ad init.: 1. on of colours, 
eircumlitio, Plin. 

layman: laicus ert. Eccl. Scrr. 

lazar-house : *valetudinarium con- 
tagio laborantium. 

lazily: 1, ignavé (without spirit) : 
Virg. G. 4, 465 also, ignaviter, Hirt. in 
Ciey Att. 7, 5- 2, pigrée (slowly, 
heavily): Join pigre ac segniter, 
Col. v. IDLY, INDOLENTLY. 

laziness - 1. ignavia (want of 
energy): to arouse l. te work, i. ad 
opera excitare, Plin. 11, 16, 15. § 45° 
Celis. Join inertia, ignavia, desidia, 

433 


Vv. TO DE- 





LEADING 


LEAKY 





See also COWARDICE, INAC- 
TIVITY. 9, pigritia. v SLOTH. 

lazy: 1. ignavus (cf. preced. art.) 
the 1. tribe (drones), i. pecus, Virg. Aen. 
I, 435: Cic. (but usu. in stronger sense), 

2, piger, gra, grum: V. SLUGGISH. 

See also INDOLENT 

lead (sus.): plumbum: Cato: Hor. : 
Plin. Made of Ll. plumbeus, Lucer, 6, 
306: Cic. Prov.: @ sword of l. would 
dispatch him, plumbeo gladio illum jugu- 
latum iri, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2. Fitted or 
tipped with 1. (as arrows), plumbatus, 
Plin.: full of or mixed with l., plumbo- 
sus, Plin.: to solder with L., plumbare 
(Vv. TO SOLDER). 

lead, of lead (adj.): 1, plum- 
beus: v. preced. art. 3. plumbatus 
(late in this sense): pipes of U., canales 
pL, Front. 3, plumbarius (esp. with 
ref.to manufacture of l.): Ll. works, pl. 
officinae, Plin. 34, 18,54: 1.-mine, metal- 
lum pl. Plin. 

lead (v-) : |. Zo guide, conduct : 
diico, xi, ctum, 3: with ref. to persons, 
usu. =to take with one (cf. Liv. 21, 1, 
med., ut duceretur in Hispaniam, “to be 
taken to Spain”): oft. of milit. move- 
ments, Caes.: Liv. (pass.): to l. to pri- 
son or execution, in carcerem, ad mortem 
d., Cic. Fig.: whither pleasure l.s, quo 
ducit voluptas, Lucr. 2, 258. to l. any 
one to believe, aliquem ad credendum d., 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42. So comps. adduco, 
to bring to a place (oftener fig ); educo, 
to l. forth (esp. ot milit. movements: 
Caes.: Cic.: Liv.}; reduce, fo l. back; 
produco, to l. forward, into view ; cir- 
cumduco, to J. round; perduco, to 1. 
to the end, toa place appointed ; trans- 
duco or traduco (esp. as milit. term), to 
1. over or past; subduco, to l. up (esp. 


Auct. Her 


from the rear, or up @ hill: milit. 


term): Vv. TO BRING, BRING OUT, FORTH, 


etc. |]. Yo have the command of 
troops: duco, ducto: v, TO COMMAND 
(IL, 4). Ill. Zo go before: anteeo, 


praeeo, etc.: Vv. TO GO BEFORE. IV. 
To prevail upon: adduco, etc.: Vv. 10 
INDUCE. V. To pass, spend: Phr.: 
to l. an honest life, aetatem honeste 
agere, Cic, Sen. 18, 623 a literary life, 
aetitem in litteris agere, id. Leg. 2, 1, 3: 
so with traduco: to spend an idle life, 
vitam otiosam traducere, Cic. Sen. 23, 825 
or with adv. of manner, id. Tusc. 3, 11, 
25 (but vitam agere refers simply to the 
activity of life at any given time; tra- 
duco, to the whole of its course): Vv. TO 
SPEND. VI. Quasi-intrans., to tend in 
a certain direction: tendo, tétendi, sum 
and tum, 3: Virg. Aen. 6, 541: Plin. 
Fig.: that road Ls to heaven, sic itur 
ad astra, Virg. Aen. 9, 641. 

leaden: plumbeus (both lit. and fig. : 
v. LEAD, subs.): Join: caudex, stipes, 
plumbeus, asinus, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 3. 
See also LEAD (adj.). 

leader: 1. dux, diicis, c. (in good 
or bad sense): to act as |. in anything, 
alicujus rei d. se praebere, Cic. Am. 11, 


| 34: with Teucer for l., Teucro d. fet 


auspice], Hor. Od. 1,9, 27. Join: dux 
et magister; auctor, princeps, dux, Cic. 
Oft. in milit. sense ; Vv. GENERAL. a 
ductor (usu. in milit. sense): Cic. Tuse. 
1, 37, init. of bees (= queen-bee), duc- 
tores apum, Virg. G. 4, 88: in the public 
games, Suet. Tib. 6, extr. 3. auctor 
(originator): they refused to be Ls of 
the war movement, auctores belli esse 
nolebant, Caes. B. G. 3, 17. Vv. AUTHOR. 
4, princeps, cipis, c. (cf. supr. 1): 
v.cHteF. See also HEAD(VII.). Phr. 
to be |., praeesse- v. HEAD (VII., Phr.). 
leadership: ductus, Us (in this sense, 
only in abl.): v. GENERALSHIP (1.). 
leading (subs.): v. preced. art. 
leading (adj.): 1. primoris, e 
(not in Cic. in this sense): esp. in pi., 
primores, the l. men: e. g. primores Gal- 
liae, Tac. A. 11, 23° Hor. Join: (civi- 
tatum) primores atque eptimates, Col. 
12, 3, fin. 2. princeps. ipis the l. 
man in the state, princeps in republica, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 4: the Ul. men (= the 
great, p. viri, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35- 3 
primarius (of the foremost rank): Elog. 
inCic.Sen.17,61 Cic. Phr : thel. point, 








ciput, e.g. artis (the principal thing), 
Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132 the l. thought in @ 
letter, c. litterarum, id. Ph. 2, 31, 77. 
leading-strings: chiefly in fig. 
sense~- Phr.: when he was hardly out 
of l., *quum vixdum e cunabulis exces- 
sisset; nutricis tutela vixdum liber. 
leaf: |. Of atree or plant: 1, 
folium: Cic. Plin. Fig.. leaves of 
paper, chartarum folia, Plin. 39, 7, 29 
(but Jahn reads fila). Full of Ls, foli- 
osus, Plin. 2. collect. frons, dis, f. (@ 
mass of l.s)° to run all to L, in frondem 
luxuriare, Plin. 19, 6,34: young (half- 
grown) l.s, immatura f., Quint. 12, 6, 3: 
V. FOLIAGE. To bein L., frondére, Virg. E. 
3, 57: Col.: incept. trondescere, to come 
into l., Cic. Tuse. 5, 13, 37: Virg. ll. 
Of a book: 1, schéda or scida (a 
strip of papyrus paper, of whatever 
size): that not a single l. may be lost, 
ut scida ne qua depereat, Cic. Att. 1, 20, 
jin.: in Quint. 1, 8, 19, <adignas lectione 
schedas, the word is used much as we 
use volumes: so, Mart. 4, extr, summa 
scheda is the end of a scroll: Lach. 
Comment. Lucr. 2, pagina (the side 
of a scheda prepared for writing; @ 
page: meton. a leaf): Lach. Comment. 
Lucr. p. 1. See also SHEET, (There 
seems to be no classical authority for 
folium in this sense: but it is used by 
modern Latinists, e. g. Orelli, pref. Vell. 
p. viii; Lach. Comment. Lucr. p. 5, 
schedae sive folia dicere volumus.) 
Phr.: ’tis time to turn over a new L., 
nunc hic dies aliam vitam affert, alios 
mores postulat, Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 18. 
II. Of metal: bractea: gold-l., 
auri b., Lucr. 4,729. Uimin. bracteola, 
Juv. See also PLATE. [VY Of a door, 
etc.: in pl., fores, valvae: v. DOOR. 
leafless: foliis s. fronde (frondibus) 
nudatus- cf. Cic. usc. I, 13, 37: nudus, 


Sen. trag. (Foliis carens, not having 
leaves at all.) 
leafy: 1. fronddsus (chiefly poet.) : 


the l. elm, f. ulmus, Virg. KE. 2,70 epith. 
of summer, id. G. 3,296. 2, trondéus 
(poet.): 7. groves, f. nemora, Virg.- Ov. 
3, frondifer, éra, érum (only poet.): 

Lucr.: Sen. trag. (Frondicomus, late: 
Prud.) 4, fdlidsus (having many 
leaves frondosus=covered with joliage) : 
Plin. 

league (subs.): j. A compact: 

1, foedus, Eris, n. (any treaty or 

covenant): usu. better strengthened by 
societas, amicitia, etc.: they form a lL. 
with Ambioriz, Ambiorigem sibi socie- 
tate et f. jungunt, Cues. B.G.6,2 ¥ 
TREATY. 2, sdciétas: Vv. ALLIANCE. 
Phr.: the Achaean l., Achaicum con- 
cilium, Liv. 38, 30 (but the term conci- 
lium is oftener used of the assembiy of 
the league, cf. Liv. 38, 34): the con- 
federacy is oftener spoken of simply as 
Achaei; so, the Aetolian 1., Aetoli, Liv. 
38, pass.: to enrol a city in such a L., 
urbem formulae juris (alicujus) facere, 
ib. c. g, med. I]. Three miles: leuca 
s. leuga (a Gallic measure = 1500 paces + 
Fr. liewe): Isid. Or. 15, 16: Amin. 

league (¥.): 1, expr. by foedus, 
societas, and a verb; v. TO ALLY, ALLI- 
ANCE. Q, conjuiro, 1: with perf. part. 
conjuratus (leagued together): Hor. Od. 
1, 15,7: Liv... v. TO CONSPIRE. 

leaguer: obsidio: v. SIEGE. 

leak (subs.): rima (any chink). to 
spring a l., perh. rimam agere, cf. Cic. 
Att. 14, 9. Virg. has, rimis fatiscere, 
Aen. 1, 123: (the ship) sprang al, 
*aquam haurire coepit foramine acto. 

leak (v.): 1, perfluo, xi, xum, 3: 
cf. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25, plenus rimarum 
sun; hac atque illuc perfluo. ¢{Pereffluo, 
Vulg. Hebr. ii.1,is unclass.) 2%, mano, 
1 Tac. A. 2, 23 (of ships). 3. expr 
by phr., humorem transmittere, Col. 1, 
6, ad jin.: ef. Sen. Ep. 99, 6, perforato 
animo et transmittente quicquid acce- 
perat. 

leakage: expr. by perfiuo: to make 
good 1., *quod perfluxit resarcire: v. TO 
LEAK. 

leaky: 1, rimdsus (full of chinks). 
1. boat, r. cymba, Virg. Aen. 6, 414; 
fig., a 1. ear (of one who cannot keep a@ 


LEAN 


secret), Yr. auris, Hor 2, of a ship, 
imanans per latera, Tac. A. 2, 23. 3. 
rimarum plenut 4. TO LEAK, init. 

ean (a/j.): 1, mracer, cra, crum 
(with little flesh on the ey 1. cows, 
m. beves, Varr. R. R. 2, § or. Also 
of meagre soil, Varr. Hor Q, strigo- 
sus ‘less strong than preced., and de- 
noting oft. a temporary siate: im poor 
conition, that has lost flesh): horsés in 
rather a l. condition, equi strigosiores, 
Liv 27.47, ad init.: (a kid) excessively 
1, strigosissimi corporis, Col. 7, 6, extr.: 
Cic. (tig.). Join: strigosus et male 
habitus (equus], Sabinus in Gell. 4, 20. 

3 exilis, e (thin, spare): v. THIN. 
(Gracilis = slom, slender, short of lean- 
ness cf. poet. in Forcell., quaerebam 
gracilem, sed quae non macra fuisset.) 
Phr,: to grow L., macescere, macrescere, 
Varr.: Col.: frightfully 1, vegrandi 
macie torridus, Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93. 

lean (subs.). *adipis expers caro (?). 

lean (v.): |. Zo incline; esp. so 
as to rest on something. 1, nitor, sus 
and xus, 3 (to support oneself on: usu. 
with abl.): Ling on a spear, hastili 
nixus, Cic. Rab. perd. 7, 21: Virg.: the 
latter has, in hustam niti, Aen. 12, 398. 
Also comp. inuitor, also usu with abl. ; 
poet. also dat.: Caes. B G. 2, 27: Liv.: 
Ov, 2. incumbo, ciibui, itum, 3 (ioll. 
by in and acc. or dat.: latter chiefly 
poet.): to l. (full) upon one’s sword, in 
gladium i., Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 1545 on a 
berson (for support), in aliquem i., Curt. 
6, 9, fin.: with dat, Virg. E. 8,16. 3. 
applico, 1 (with pron. refl.): they 1. 
against trees, ad arbores se inclinant, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 27. 4. acclino, 1 (with 
pron. refl.: rare and poet.) ; to 1. towards 
any one, se a. in aliquem, Ov. Met. 5, 
972. Phr.: rest, ling on the elbow, 
cubito remanete presso, Hor. Od. 1, 27, 8. 

I]. 70 deviate jrom the perpendicular : 

1, inclino, inclinor, 1: Lucr, 2, 243: 
ef. id. 6, 573: Virg. Aen. 12,59. 2, dé- 
clino, 1 (with pron. refl. or as intrans.) : 
Lucr. 2, 250, sqq- II]. Zo be disposed 
in any way: Vv. TO INCLINE (B., I1.). 
leaning (a4j.): 1, inclinatus: 
Virg. Aen. 12, 259. Q. inclinis, e (v. 
rare): Val. Fl. (For fastigiatus, accli- 
vis, V. SLOPING.) 

leanness: 1. miicies, Gi, f.: Cic.: 
Col. (cf. EMACIATED). N.B.— Macritas, 
macritudo, extr. rare, and 10 be avoided. 

2. expr. by strigosus, macer: v. 
LEAN (adj.). 
leap (v.): |. Lit.: salio, ii and 
ni, tum, 4: fo Ul. (down) from a wall, s. 
de muro, Liv. 24, 24: Virg. Fig.: of 
the motion of a water-fall, Virg. E. 5, 
47: Hor. Il. Fig.: exsulto, 1: to 1. 
for joy, laetitia fgaudio] ex., Cic.; v. 
JOY (subs.). 

— down: désilio, ui, sultum, 4: 
Caes. B. G. 4, 25: from a ship, ib. 24; 
ex navi, ib. 25: Cic. Phr.: to make a 
horse l. down into a hollow way, equum 
in viam cavam demittere, dejicere, Liv. 
23, 47. 

— forth: exsilio, prosilio, 4: v. To 
SPRING FORTH. 

—— into, on, or upon: 1. in- 
silio, 4. to l. upon a@ horse, in equum 
ins., Liv. 6, 7 med.: with acc. alone 
(= into) or dat. (=upon): both poet.: 
he leaped into Kitna, Aetnam insiluit, 
Hor. A. P. 466: tol. on any one's back, 
tergo alicujus ins., Ov. M. 12, 346: with 
supra and acc., Phaedr. 1, 2, 20. oO 
assilio, 4 (to l. wpon: chiefly poet.). to 
4 upon the walls of a city, moenibus 
(ome a., oe: M. 11, as Phr.: he 

urtius) l.’d into the gulf, se in specum 
immisit, Liv. 7, 6 a 

— over: transilio, 4 (with acc.): 
Ov. F. 4, 842. 

leap (subs.): saltus, ts: to take al., 
8. dare, Ov M. 4, 552 (saltu uti, Cic. Sen. 
6, 19, is to practise baping). 

leav-frog: Phr.: the boys play at 
t. *pueri per lusum divaricatis cruribus 
alter alterius terga transiliunt. 

leaping (part.): may be expr. by 
saltuatim Gell. 9, 4, med. 

leaping (subs )- saltus, is: v. LEAP 
{subs.). 





LEARNING 


lea»v-year: 1. bisextilis annus: 
Isid. Or. 6, 17, 25: also bisextus annus, 
Aug. 2. intercalaris (al. -arius) an- 
hus: Plin. 2, 47, 48. 

learn: |. Zo gain knowledge or 
skill from teaching : 1, disco, didici, 
3: usu. foll. by direct ace.: Cic.. Caes.: 
by infin., to learn to speak Latin, Latine 
loqui d., Sall. Jug. 1o1: Cic.: with 
ellipsis of inf., to l. to play the lute, 
fidibus d., Cic. Sen. 7, extr.: also by rel. 
clause: v. infr. Comps. (1). condisco, 
3 (to l. thoroughly: le-s treq.): Cic.: 
Col Ov. (2). édisco, 3 (to l. by heart): 
to l. by rote a great number of lines, 
Magnum numerum versuum e., Cues. 
B. G. 6, 14: Cic.: also, to 1. thoroughly : 


foret, how the war would require to be 
carried on, Liv. 23,28 (3), addisco, 3 
| (to 1. in addition). tol. something new 
every day, quotidie aliquid ad., Cic. Sen. 
8, 26: to Ll. (another) language, ser- 
monem, e. g. Germanicum ad., Suet. Cal. 
47: sometimes appy. = simple verb; 
e.g. Cic. de Or. 3, 23, 86, Q. Volucius 
puer addidicerat (sc. artem). (4). dé- 
disco, 3 (to l. not to do something): v. 
TO UNLEARN. (5). praedisco, 3 (to l. 
beforehand): Cic.: Virg. (6). perdisco, 
3 (tol, thoroughly): Cic.: Tib.  Q, ac- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (from a teacher) : 
to l. quickly what one is taught, quae 
traduntur celeriter a., Nep. Att. 1: to 
be ld (acquired by art as distinguished 
Srom natural gifts), arte accipi, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 25,114. Phr.: to l. a lesson 
Jrom the experience of others, periculum 
ex aliis facere [tibi quod ex usu siet), 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36: believe one who 
has 12d from experience, experto crede, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 283. I]. Zo get in- 
Sormation, become aware: 1, cog- 
nosco, novi, nitum, 3: v. TO ASCERTAIN. 
2, disco, 3 (less freq. in this sense) : 
foll. by ace. and wf., or rel. clause: he 
ls that Litavicus had set out, discit 
Litavicum profectum (esse), Caes. B. G. 
9,54: Cic. (Edisco in this sense, poet.: 
Ov.) 8. audio, 4: v. TO HEAR (V,). 
4, certior fio: v. To INFORM (I1.). 

learned: 1, doctus: to be read 
(only) by the very l., a doctissimis legi, 
Cic. de Or. 2,6, 25: more freq. defined 
and qualified by other words: mo less 1. 
in Greek than in Latin, nec minus 
Graece quam Latine doctus, Suet. Gr. 75 
for which Hor. has, d. sermones utrius- 
que linguae, Od. 3, 8, 5: so, doctus vir 
et Graecis litteris eruditus, Cic. Br. 30, 
114. tery l., perdoctus, Cic. 2, Eridi- 
tus (cultured and refined: cf. Habicht, 
377): cf. Cic. Fin. 1, 7, extr., non satis 
politus iis artibus, quas qui tenent eru- 
diti appellantur (just before doctrinis 
instructus occurs as syn.)- I have always 
been fond of learning and 1. men, sem- 
per mihi et doctrina et e. homines pla- 
cuerunt, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, extr.: a l.ora 
popular style, oratio e., popularis, Cic. 
Par. prooem. 4. Very l., pereruditus, 
Cie. 3. expr. by doctrina, and some 
other word: e.g. doctrina instructus 
(v. supr. 2): d. excultus (accomplished, 
well-educated), Cic. Tuse. 1, 2, 4. 4, 
litt@ratus (well inted with litera- 
ture): a very l. (critic), (homo) littera- 
tissimus, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, med.: 1, in 
trifles, ineptiis 1., Sen. N. Q. 4, 13, init.: 
v. LITERARY. Pbhr.. a l. man, (homo) 
perfectus in litteris, Cic. Br. 76, 264: 1. 
in antiquity, antiquitatis veterumque 
scriptorum litterate peritus, Cic. Br. 56, 
205. 

learnedly: docté, ériidité, littératé : 
Cic. (for syn. v. preced. art.). 

learner: discipitilus, discens (only 
not in nom. sing.: L. G. § 638): v 
PUPIL. — 

learning: 





|. The act: ger. of 
disco: v TO LEARN IL. Zrudition, 
knouledge acquired : 1. doctrina 
(either a separate branch of culture, or 
the whole collectively): thoroughly ac- 
quainted with Grecian L., Graecis d. ern- 
ditus, Cic. Br 67, intt.: adorned with 
every kind of l. and excellence, omni d. 
et virtute ornatissimus, Cic. Verr 3, 88, 
init.: a man of immense classical L., 





é. g., quemadmodum tractandum bellur | 


LEATHER-BOTTLE 





*omni antiquitatis velerumque scrip 
torum doctrina inibutus, instructus (in- 
structissimus) v. LEARNED (3). (For 
great learning, Kr. gives, magna, multa, 
summa doctrina but doctrina appears 
not to be used to denote a quality in the 
best age.) 2. ériiditiv (esp. learning 
asawhole, or as quality): quite uith- 
out all l., omnino omnis e expers, Cic, 
de Or. 2, init.: to be stored with varied 
L., varia e. Tepletum esse, Suet. Aug. 89: 
several volumes, marked by varied L., 
variae e. aliquot volumina, id. Gr. 6: @ 
mau of great l., *summa eruditione vir, 

3. disciplina (course of study; cul- 
ture): Greek 1., Graecae d., Suet. Aug. 
89. 4, littérae, aram (meton.=knowe 
ledge of literature): he possessed much 
l., and that of no ordinary kind, erant 
in eo plurimae 1, nec eae vulgares [sed 
interiores quaedam et ceconditae}) Cic. 
Br. 76, 265: possessing no l., *cui nullae 
omnino litterae sunt. (Humanitas is 
general culture and refinement: \itte- 
ratura, Cic. Ph. 2, 45, 116, is falsa lectio 
for litterae.) 

lease (s1bs.): conductio (any hiring): 
Cic, Caec. 32, 94: 80, to have a Jormom 
L., fandum [in certum tempus | conductum 
habere, cf. Cic. l.c. (The corresponding 
act on the part of the proprietor, is loca- 
tio: v. CONTRACT.) 

lease (v.): condiico, léco (correl, 
terms): v. preced. art. 

leasehold: ({undus) qui ex syn- 
grapha in certum tempus conducitur: 
Vv. preced. artt. 

leash ; cOpiila: Ov. Tr.5,9,28: Apul 

least (adj.): minimus: v. Litre. 

least (adv.): 1, minimeé: to be most 
pleasing or rather 1. displeasing, placere 
maxime, vel dicam, minime displicere, 
Cic. Br. 57, init.: when we l. thought, 
quum m. videbamur, Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 6, 
2. minimum (with verbs only): vy, 
LEAST (IN THE). 

—, at: 1, minimum (opp. to 
at most, with words denoting quantity 
or number): the disease will be very 
long continued, at l. for a year, morbus 
erit longissimus, m.que annuus, Cels. 2, 
8, ad jin.: three parts at l., tres m. 
partes, Quint. 5, Io, 5: Warr. 2. 
saltem (emphasizing any particular word, 
like Gk. ye): I entreat you, take from 
me this grief, or at l. diminish it, ob- 
secro te, eripe mihi hune dolorem, aut 
minue s., Cic. Att. 9, 6, 4: Ter. Oft. 
with at: cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 8, aliquo, si 
non bono at saltem certo statu civitatis 
(if not good, at 1. sure). 3. certé 
(like preced.): but once; or at Ll. not 
often, semel, aut non saepe certe, Cic, 
Off. 2, 14, 50: cf. id. Att. 16, 7, ad init. 
quamvis non fueris suasor, ...appro- 
bator certe fuisti (yow at Ll. or certainly 
approved): V.CERTAINLY. 4, attamen, 
or separately, at tamen: if not an equal, 
at l. an acceptable return, si non par, at 
gratum tamen munus, Cic. Br. 4, 15: v. 
YET 5, quidem (scarcely so emphatic 
as the Eng.): cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, init., 
nibil sane ex me quidem (=Gk. ¢novye) 
audire potuisses, not from me at lL, or 
at any rate: Pl. 

—, in the: always after a nega- 
tive: not in the L., nihil (which may be 
strengthened by omnino, ne minimum 
quidem, etc.): not to be in the l. behind 
the Greeks, Graecis nihil cedere, Cic. Leg, 
I, 2, 53 nihil omnino cedere, id. Tusc, 
1, 3, 5. (N.B—Minimum only with 
verbs: not adjj.) 

leather (subs.): 1, cdrium (of 
hides, whether tanned or not): things 
made out of l. or skin, quae ex corio ac 
pellibus facta sunt, Varr. L. L. 7, 5, 84 
(Oftener=HIDE.) 2. aliita (tanned): 
1. slightly tanned, a. tenuiter confectae, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 13: oft of things made of 
1, e g. al. apron, Mart. 7, 35, 1: @ 
shoe, Ov A. A. 3. 271 3, pellis, is, 
m. (untanned) : V. SKIN. 

leather (adj.): scortens: Varr. L. L 
7, 5, 84° a L. cushion, 8. pulvinus, Cels, 
8, 12, Ov. Sometimes aluta may serve 
v. preced. art. (2). 

leather-bottle: ater, tris, m.: Virg. 
Liv.; Plin. 

439 


LEATHER-DRESSER 








leather-dresser: cdriarius, stibac- 
arius ; V. CURRIER, TANNER. 

leathern: Vv. LEATHER (adj.). 

leathery; *lentus alutaeque naturam 
oabens. 

leave (v.):  j, Zosuffer to remain; 
forsake, abandon: 1, rélinquo, liqui, 
ctum, 3: he l.s C. Fabius with two le- 
gions to protect the camp, C. Fabium 
cum legionibus duabus castris praesidio 
relinquit, Caes.: to l. room jor any- 
thing, alicui rei locum r., Cic. Quint. 15, 
49: tol. one’s home and kindred, domum 
propinquosque r., Caes. Bb. G. 1, 44: in 
latter sense, esp. poet. (N.B.—The 
simple verb linquo [never = fo suffer to 
remain] is much less freq., and almost 
confined to the poets: e.g. to l. the light 
of life, vitalia lumina 1.,, Cic. poet. Div. 
I, I, 18: in de Or. 3, 46, 180, however, 
we have, linquamus naturam, artesque 
videndum, i.e. let ws leave nature and 
look at art; also, linquere terram, Planc. 
10, 26, in a passage savouring of poetic 
diction.) 2. dérélinquo, destituo, 3: 
Vv. TO ABANDON, DESERT, 3. expr. by 
réliquus with a verb (usu. facio: to 
leave remaining) : what life and strength 
famine had left, quod reliquum vitae vi- 
riumque fames fecerat, Cic. Verr. 5, 34,89: 
so, tol. nothing, nihil reliqui facere, Sall. 
Cat. 11, fin. 4, discédo, ssi, ssum, 3 
(foll. by ab, a; to part from, forsake : 
less freq. in this sense): his soldiers left 
him and returned home, milites ab eo 
discedunt, ac domum revertuntur, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 12: Cic.: Dolabella’s wife has 
left him (by divorce), uxor a Dolabella 
discessit, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 2 (in 
which sense also, digredior, Suet. Caes. 
43). Il. Zo leave property, etc., at 
death: 1, rélinquo, 3: she left a 


daughter in her teens, filiam reliqnit | 


adolescentulam, Ter. Heant. 3, 3, 41: he 
left 13 estates, fundus decem et tres 
reliquit, Cic. R. Am. 7, fin.: to Ll. any 
one heir, aliquem heredem r., Cic. Dy 
légo, 1: V. TO BEQUEATH. (Comp. relégo, 
only in Dig.) Phr.: tol.a person one’s 
whole property, aliquem heredem (ex 
asse) facere, Cic. Ph. 2, 16, 40: I have 
had more than... .left me, amplius.... 
hereditatibus acceptum rettuli, Cic. 1. c. 

[I]. Zo depart from : 1, discédo, 
3 (foll. by ab, de, ex; and poet. abl. 
alone): never to l. any one’s side, nun- 
quam a latere alicujus d., Cic. Am. init. : 
to l. the forum, de foro d., id. Verr. 4, 65, 
extr.: to l. Gaul, e Gallia d., id. Ph. 
3,7, 21: Ov. (abl. alone). 9. exceédo, 
3 (to quit a place or scene ; not like dis- 
cedo, to part from a person: foll. by ex 
or abl. alone, later by acc.): to l. Italy 
ex Italia ex., Cic. Ph. 12, 6, extr.: to lL. 
the city, urbe ex., id. ad Br. 1, 15, ad 
med. ; also urbem ex., Liv. 2, 37, ad jin. 
(but here and elsewhere the reading has 
been doubted, Forcell. s. v.). (N.B— 
lecedo is to retire from a post of duty, 
e. g. from @ province.) 3. digrédior, 
gressus, 3 (about =discedo; and same 
constr.) ; Cic.: Caes.: Liv. 4, égré- 
dior, 3 (about = excedo, and same con- 
str.): Cic.: Caes. (N.B.—The comps. 
in -gredior indicate rather the first step 
in the act of leaving; those in -cedo, 
departure generally.)  |V, Zo entrust: 
permitto, mando, commends, trado: v. 
TO COMMIT, COMMEND. 

— behind: rélinquo, 3: 
LEAVE, ABANDON. 

— off: |. To cease: désino, 3; 
if only for a time, intermitto, 3: v. To 
CEASE. I]. Zo cease wearing: pono, 
posui, itum, 3: to l. off the toga prae- 
texta and assume the virilis, praetexta 
posita, virilem togam s. puram induere: 
cf. Forcell. s. v, praetexta. (Deponere, to 
lay aside, i.e. temporarily: v. TO LAY 
ASIDE.) Fig.: to l. off bad habits, vitia 
ponere, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 46. 

—— out: dmitto, praetermitto, etc. : 
v. TO OMIT. 

leave (subs.): |, Departure: chiefly 
in phr., fo take l.: 1, rénuntio, 1 (with 
dat.: only in later authors): to take 1. 
of life, vitae r., Suet. Gal. 11. Q, valére 
dico: cf, Suet. Aug. 53, discedens eodem 
modo sedentibus valere dixit, he took 1. 

449 


v. TO 





LEECH 


LEGEND 





of them without their rising. (Vale-| sucked its full, s. epota, Cels. 5, 29 


dico, as one word, is without good au- 
thority.) 3, usu. better expr. by 
discédo, digrédior: i.e. to part from: 
q-v. |. Permission: 1, permissio 
(rare), with abl. permissu: v. PERMIS- 
SION. 2. potestas: in phr., to give 
any one l., alicui p. facere, Cic. Cat. 3, 
5,11: foll. by genitive of ger., id. R. Am. 
29, 733 by ut, id. Div. Verr. 14, 45. 
(Facultatem dare, is simply to furnish 
an opportunity.) 8. copia (rare in 
this sense): 1. was given to speak, data 
(est) c. fandi, Virg. Aen. 1, 520: cf. 
Ter. Eun, prol. 21. 4. commeatus, 
us (Ll. of absence ; strictly, as granted to 
soldiers): te give l. of absence, c. dare, 
Liv. 21, 21: v. FURLOUGH. In wider 
sense: lL. tu rest from toil, c. acquiescendi 
a continuatione laborum, Vell. 2, 99: 
Suet. §, licentia: v. LIBERTY. 
by your l. (a parenthetical clause, intro- 
ducing what might seem offensive), bona 
tua venia dixerim, Cic. Div. 1, 15, 253 
venia sit dicto, Plin. 5, 6, extr.; pace 
tua dixerim, Cic. Tusc. 5, 5,12: to give 
1., permittere, concedere (the latter im- 
plying the concession of a favour): v. 
TO PERMIT, ALLOW. 
leaven (swbs.): fermentum: v. FER- 
MENT (i.). 
leaven (v.) : 
MENT. 
leavings: réliquiae (rell.): there 
would have been no 1, (at the feast), reli- 
quiarum nibil fuisset, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 
init. : V. REMNANT, REMAINS, 
lecherous; libidinosus, sailax : 
LUSTFUL, LEWD. 
lecherousness: libido: v. ust. 
lectionary : *lectidnarium: only as 
t. t.: Du Cange, s. v. 
lecture (subs.): 


fermento, I: Vv. TO FER- 


Vv. 


1, auditio (strictly, 


|as heard by students: but also gene- 


rally): to attend 1s, auditiones obire, 
Gell. 19, 8, init.: to sit in l.-rooms, at- 
tending to l.s, sedere in scholis auditioni 
operatos, Plin. 26, 2,6: to give exoteric 
ls, eEwtepixas auditiones facere, Gell. 
20,5. Q, acroasis, is, f. (Gr. axpoacts : 
a lecture as composed or delivered): he 
delivered a l.,and exhibited a model of a 
wall, acroasin fecit, exemplarque muri 
protulit, Vitr. 10, 16 (22), 3: Suet. 3, 
schdla (Gr. oyoAy a term applied to 
literary and philosophical discussions 
generally ; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8, where the 
scholae are in the form of dialogue): to 
deliver al, (ex cathedra) s. aliquam 
explicare, Cic. Fin. 2, init.: to deliver a 
less formal l., scholam, scholas habere, 
Cic. Tusce. 1. c. 

lecture (v.) : |. To deliver formal 
lectures : 1, acroases facio, scholas 
habeo: v. preced. art. 2. praelégo, 
legi, ctum, 3 (to read and explain an 
author): Quint. 1, 5, 11: Suet. Il. 
To reprove in an offensive manner : 
perh. corripio, 3: v. TO REBUKE. 

lecture-room : 1, auditorium : 
Auct. Dial. Or. 29: Quint. 9. schola 
(a place for learned instruction or con- 
versation): Cic.: Plin.; v. scHooL. 8, 
pergila (rare): Suet. Gr. 18. 

lecturer: 1, expr. by phr.: he 
adopted the profession of al. in mathe- 
matics, *coepit scholas mathematicas 
habere: v. LECTURE. (N.B.—By no 
means acroama, as R. and A.) 2 
praelector (one who reads and explains): 
Gell. 18,-5 (magister praelectorque). 

ledge: |. 4 narrow shelf-like pro- 
jection: Phr.: a@ narrow |. of rock, 
*quasi tabulatum quoddam saxi peran- 
gustum atque eminens: cf. Sall. Jug 
93, med., eminentibus saxis nisus, climb- 
ing by the help of projecting ledges of 
rock. ||, A prominent ridge of rocks : 
dorsum: v. RIDGE. 

ledger: codex accepti et expensi: 
Cic. R. Com. 2, init.: to enter in a l., 
referre in codice accepti et exp., Cic. 1. c. 

lee: Phr.: on the l.-side, *a vento 
aversis: H. Steph. s. v. tmjvenos: a 
L.-shore, *littus vento expositum. 

leech: J. Vhereptile: 1, hirido 
inis, f.: Cic.: Hor. (the common l., *b. 
medicinalis, Linn.). 2. sanguistiga 
(a later name, Plin.): a J. that has 


Phr.: | 





16: Plin. 
PHYSICIAN, 
leek: porrum: Plin. 19, 6, 33: Hor. 
leer: (se. limis oculis] aspicio, Pl. 
Mil. 4, 6, 2: Ver.: cf. Quint. 11, 3, 76 
limi et, ut sic dicam, venerei [oculi]: so 
Hor. has, obliquo oculo, Ep. 1, 14, 3%, 
but the above expr. denote simply a 

sidelong glance. 

leering (a4j.): limus, obliquus: v. 
preced. art. 

leeringly ; limis s. obliquis oculis: 
v. TO LEER. 

lees: faex, cis, f.: v. DREGS. 

left (part. adj.) : réliquus: Ter.: Cic. 
oft. in neut. absol.: what is there |. for 
him to live for, quid est huic reliqui 
quod eum in vita hac teneat? Cic. Sull 
31, extr. To be l., resto, iti, 1: some 
times with reliqnus: that there may b 
no veason l., ne causa lla restet reliqua 
Ter. Hec. 4, 2, {1: V. TO REMAIN. 

left (adj.): 1, sinister, tra, trun 
(the usu. word): the l. hand, /oot, side 
Ss. manus, pes, latus, Quint.: Caes. : Cic 
Hence, as subs., sinistra, the l. hand o1 
side: the l. hand being hampered, s. 
impedita, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: on the right 
h., or the l., a dextra, a sinistra, Cic. 
Div. 1, 39, 85. 2, laevus (freq. in fig. 
sense, left-handed, awkward): the l. 


|]. 4 doctor: médicus: v 


| hand, 1. manus, Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 145: esp. 


poet.: Virg.: Ov. In augural sense: 
signs on the l. are deemed propitious, 
laeva prospera putantur, Plin. 2, 54, 55. 
Also as subs., laeva, the l. hand or side 
(former perh. only poet.): before and 
behind, on the l. and on the vight, ante et 
pone, ad 1. et ad dexteram, Cic. Tim. 13. 
(Scaevus not used in this sense.) 
left-handed: scaeva, ae, m.: Ulp. 
Dig. 21, 1, 12 3. (The form scaevola 
occurs only as proper name.) Or expr. 
by circuml., qui sinistra quam dextra 
(manu) promptior est (cf. Cels. 9, pref., 
esse chirurgus debet manu. ..non minus 
sinistra quam dextra Laer os sinistra 
manu agiliore ac validiore, Suet. Tib. 
68; qui s. manu validius utitur, Ulp. 
Dig. 1. ¢. 
leg: |. Cfa man or other animal: 
crus, cruris, . (below the knee): Cic.: 
Virg. (The upper portion is femur: vy, 
THIGH.) Il. Gf @ couch, etc.: pes, 
pédis, m.: couches with oaken Ls, lectuli 
ilignis p., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 46: Ov. 
legacy: légatum (usu. but not always 
pl.): the right to receive ls, jus legata 
capiendi, Suet. Dom. 8, med. ‘Yo leave 
al. lego, 1: he left al. of 40 mil- 
lions to the people, legavit populo R. 
quadringenties, Suet. Aug. 101: v. TO 
BEQUEATH. 
legacy-hunter: 1, captator: Juv. 
10, 202: Hor. . héredipéta, ae, m.: 
Petr. 124. 
legal: 1, légitimus (prescribed 
by law): the l. time, age, etc., tempus, 
aetas L., Cic. also= relating to the laws: 
l. and civil disputes, |. et civiles contro- 
versiae, Cic. Or. 34,120: 1. phrases, cere- 
monies, verba, ritus L., Gell. 9. le- 
galis,e (relating to the laws: rare): a 
l. question, 1. quaestio, Quint. 3, 5, 4. 
3. secundum legem or leges, ex 
lege or legibus (acc. as one enactment is 
referred to, or several): Vv. ACCORDING 
To. Phr.: to commence l. proceedings 
against any one, litem alicui intendere, 
Cic. (v. AcTION, V.; LAwsuIT): a 1. fic- 
tion, legis fictio, Paul. Dig. 4, 3, 15. 
legalize: Phr.: to propose (a law) 
legalising marriages between patriciang 
and pleveians, ut connubium patribus 
cum plebe sit ferre, Liv. 4, 4, med.: 
sometimes sancire (ut quid liceat) may 
serve: cf. Cic. Br. 1, 5, med., nec quo- 
minus id liceret, ulla lex sanxit. 
legally: 1, légitimé : Cic.: Juv. 
2. lege, legibus: Ter.: Nep. 
legate : légatus: v. pepury. 
legatee: legatarius: Paul Dig. 41, 
3,14: Suet. Fem. -a: Ulp. Dig. 
legation: légatio (act of sending a@ 
legatus): Cic. See also EMBASSY. 
legend: |. On a coin, etc.: Im 
scriptio, titilus: v. INSCRIPTION. Il. 
A fictitious narrative: fabila (gen. 





LEGENDARY 


term), bistoria commenticia quae me- 
moria prodita est: v. FICTION. 

legendary : commenticius ( fictitious, 
q. v.): cf. preced. art. 

leger-de-main: praestigiae, arum: 
V. JUGGLEKY, 

leggings: perh. ocreae : Virg. Moret. 
121. Dressed in such, ocreavus, Hor. 8. 
2, 3, 234. 

legibility : expr. by adj.: v. foll. art. 

legible: compositus ac clarus, i. e. 
well shapen and distinct : Cic. Att. 6, 9, 
1 (of the hand-writing of Atticus), Or 
expr. by legi posse: v. TO READ. 

legibly: “commode ad legendum ; 
ut commode legi possit. 

legion: légio, Onis, f.: Caes.: Cic. 
Dimin. legiuncula, a small, poor L., Liv. 
35, 49, med. Belonging to a L., legiona- 
Trius: v. Lecionary. (N.B.—Not used 
fig.: v. HOST.) 

legionary (adj.): légionarius: Caes. 
As subs., the Us, 1. milites, Caes. B. G. 
I, 42. 
legislate: leges scribo (to draw up 
laws): Liv. 3, 323 condo, ib. c. 34, init. ; 
do (of a sovereign authority): cf. Cic. 
Agr. 2, 22, 60 (legum datio); leges in- 
stituo, Just. 3, 2. 

legislation : 1, expr. by verb: 
they devoted themselves to the work of l., 
legibus condendis opera dabatur, Liv. 3, 
34, init.: by the l. ¢& Solon, institutis 
Solonis legibus, Just. 3, 2. 2. legum 
ditio: Cic.: v. preced. art. (Legis latio 
is the proposing of a law.) 3, some- 
times leges may serve: to establish as 
it were a new state by 1. (of Solon), velut 
novam civitatem legibus condere, Just. 


257 

legislative: Phr.: a/. body, *qui- 
bus jus est legum scribendarum: v. TO 
LEGISLATE. 

legislator: legum lator: Liv. 34, 
31, jin. (legis lator = qui legem fert, cf. 
Cic. N. D. 3, 38, fin.). Or expr. by leges 
seribere, etc.: v. TO LEGISLATE. 

legislature: *ii quos penes est cura 
legum scribendarum. (Not magistratus 
legibus scribendis, as R. and A.) 


legitimacy: expr. by adj.: v. foll. 
art. 


legitimate: |. According tc law: 
légitimus: v.LEGAL. ||, Born in wed- 
lock: 1, légitimus: opp. to nothus, 
Quint. 3, 6, 96: Cic. Rep. 5, 5- Si 
justa uxore natus: Cie. Tusc. 1, 35, 85: 
justo matrimonio (justis nuptiis, cf. 
Cic. Rep. l.c.) susceptus: Just. fo, init. 

__ Ill. Properly so called: perh, ger- 
manus: V. GENUINE. 

legitimately; légitimé: v. LEGALLY. 

leguminous: Phr.: J. plants, legu- 
mina, um, 7. : Cic. 

leisure: 1. Stium (time not occu- 
pied with business) : to have |. for any- 
thing, 0. ad aliquid faciendum habere, 
Ter. Ph. 5, 5,4: to spend one’s l. in..., 
©. suum consumere in... (with gerund.), 
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 57: also, otio abuti, to 
pass it away, id. Rep. 1, 9: literary L., 
0. litteratum, id. Tuse. 5, 36, fin.: uf 
you are at l. (have time to spare), otium 
si sit, Pl Hence, otiosus, at leisure, 
q. Vv. 9, tempus vacuum: Cic. Q. Fr. 
3, 4, 2: for which, vacivum tempus, Ter. 
Heaut. 1, 1, 38. 

—., at: 1, Gtidsus (not taken 
up by business): to find a person at l., 
aliquem o. nancisci, Cic. Rep. 1,9: cf. 
id. Off. 3, init. 2, vicuus (like preced., 
disengaged) : as we are at l., quoniam 
vacui sumus, Cic. Leg. 1, 4,13: esp. of 
time, v. preced. art. (2). 3, poet. 
iners, rtis: 2. hours, i. horae, Hor. S. 2, 
6, 61: Ov. 4, subsécivus (with ref. 
to odd fragments of time, saved from 
business): Cic.: Plin. min.: v. SPARE 
(adj.). Pbr.: not at l., occupatus, Cic. 
Sen. 10, 32: to be at l., (1). vaco, 1: esp. 
with ref. to some object: 1f you have the 
u, si vacabis, Cic. Att. 12, 38: / am 
always at l. for philosophy, pbilosophiae 
semper vaco, id. Div. 1,6, 11: also im- 

‘s., vacat mihi, tibi, 7, you have L., 
lin. Ep. 9, 16 (foll. by inf.). (2). Gtior, 
1 (to take one’s l.): Hor. S. 1, 6, 128: 
Cic. (3). cesso, 1 (to have nothing to 













LENS 


do): Cic. Off. 3, init.: Hor. 
agere et cessare, Cic. N. D. 3, 39, fin. 
leisurely (adj.): perh. lentus (usu. 
implying blame): v. SLOW. 
leisurely (adv.): dtidsé: Cic. 


lemon: *citrus limon (i. e. the 
tree), Linn. (Kr.). The fruit, *pomum 
citreum. 


lemonade: *aqua limonata (Kr.). 

lend: ]. expr. by mituus and a 
verb: to 1. any one a large sum of 
money, alicui magnam dare pecuniam 
mutuam, Cic. Att. 11, 3: to ask any 
one to l. money, aliquem rogare m. ar- 
gentum, Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 76. 9. com- 
mddo, 1 (to oblige with the use of a 
thing; less freq. of money): to l. any 
one @ cloak, alicui paenulam c., Quint. 
6, 3, 64: to l. a house for a wedding, 
aedes ad nuptias c., Auct. Her. 4, 51, 
64; Gai. Dig. 47, 2, 54. Fig.: tol.a 
patient ear to culture, culturae patientem 
c. aurem, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 40. (Commodo 
may be used of any obliging act; mu- 
tuus implies an actual loan.) Phr.: 
to l. assistance, ferre opem: Cic.: Vv. 
ASSISTANCE. 

lender: 1. qui pecuniam mutuam 
dat: v. TO LEND. also USURER. 

2. commddator (ef an article to be 

used and returned: legal term): Paul. 
Dig. 47, 2, 53, § I- 

length: 1, longituado (@f space, or 
less freq. time): Caes. : Cic. 2. expr. 
in length by longus: it was 3 ft. inl, 
tres longum (se. ferrum) habebat pedes, 
Liv. 21, 8, jim.: a trench 6 ft. in L, 


scrobis longus pedum sex, Col. 5, 6, | 
med.: a furrow 4 ft. in 1, sulcus im 
quattuor pedes longus, id. Arbor. 16° 3='| 


dititurnitas (of duration): l. of time, of 
peace, temporis, pacis d., Cic.: Caes. 
Also absol.=long duration, Cic. Sen. 
11, extr. 4. 
tion): l. of life, 1. aetatis, Ter. Hec. 4, 
2) 20: 5, prolixitas (great length: 
chiefly late): a serpent of immense L., 
serpens immensae p., Arn. 7, 46, Pp. 250: 
great l. of time, p. temporis, Ulp. Dig. 
36, 1, 22 § 3: Apul. 6, procéritas 
(in an upward direction): 1. of neck 
(of swans), p. collorum, Cic. 
——; atc |. After long delay: 
j, tandem: Ter.: Caes. Strength- 
ened with jam, aliquando, denique: at 
l. we grasp..., jam tandem prendimus, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 61: so, tandem aliquando, 
Cic. Cat. 2, init. 9, demum (always 
preceded by nunc, tunc, or a similar 
word): now at 1. (=not till now) I 
reply to the letter, nunc d. rescribo his 
litteris..., Cic. Att. 16, 3, init. See also 
LAST (AT). ‘||, Copiously: 1, fuse: 
Cic. Join: fuse lateque, id. Tusc. 4, 
25, 573 fuse et copiose, id. Fin. 3, 7, 
extr. 9, late: Caes. B.C.2,17. Esp. 
with another syn., v. supr. 3. pleneé 
(fully): Plin. 
lengthen: 1, expr. by circuml. : 
Iphicrates l.d the sword, I. gladios longi- 
ores fecit, Nep. Iph. 1: so with reddo: 
Vv. TO MAKE. 9. prodiico, xi, ctum, 
3 (chiefly of duration): to lL. life, vitam 
p., Nep. Att. 21: Cic.: v. TO PROLONG. 
To l. a syllable, syllabam p., Ov. Pont. 4, 
12) 12): Gr. 
length-wise: in longitudinem: Cic. 
Tim. 1. 
lengthy : 
22 (longus in narrationibus). 
lixus: V. PROLIX. 
leniency; Jénitas, clémentia, man- 
suétudo: v. MILDNESS. 
lenient; mitis, lénis, clemens: v. 
MILD. Sometimes misericors may serve, 
ct. Sall. Cat. 52, med., sint misericordes 
in iuribus aerarii: Vv. MERCIFUL. oo 1. 
a punishment, levior poena, ef. ib. 51, 
med. Phr.: to adopt the more l. inter- 
pretation, benignius interpretari, Dig. 
leniently : perb. leniter: v. MILDLY. 
To behave 1. towards, mitem, miseri- 
cordem esse, se praebere erga....: V. 
LENIENT. 
lenity : Vv. LENIENCY. 
lens; pila vitrea, Plin. 36, 26, 67 
f 199; p. crystallina, id. 37, 2, 10: cf. 
act. Ir. 10, med., orbem vitreum plenum 


1, longus: Auct. Dial. 
2. pro- 


longinquitas (of dura- | 





LET 


Join: nibil | aquae si tenueris in sole, etc. (Kr. gives 


lenticula, referring to Cels. 2, 19, jin, 
where it denotes a kind of bottle: it 
may however be used as scient. ¢. ¢.) 

lent: quadragésima: we observe but 
one l., nos unam q. jejunamus, Hier. Ep. 
41. Comicé, esuriales feriae: Pl. Cap 
Bes eae 

lenten: *quadragésimalis, e: v. Du 
Cange,s.v. Pbhr.: l. fare, perb. aridus 
victus, Cic. R. Am. 27, 75. 

lentil; lens, ntis, 7.: Virg.: Plin. 
Also as dimin. lenticula, Cels.: Pall 

leonine: leSninus: /. appearance, L 


species, Varr. R. R. 2,9,ad mit. Phr.: 
L. verses, versus leonini, M. L. 
leopard: leopardus: Vopise. (Felis 


1, Linn.) 

leper: (homo) leprésus: Vulg. Matt. 
x. 8. 
leprosy: leprae, arum: Plin. 24, 8, 
33: alsu sing., Vulg. Lev. xiii. (Scabies, 
Tac. H. 5, 4, is too general a term.) 

leprous: Jeprosus: Sedul.: Vulg. 

less (adj.): minor, us: v. LITTLE. 
Dimin. wmainusculus, rather less, Cic 
(oftener = rather small). 

less (adv.): minus: puss 
nedum, with subj.: much l. can you, D. 
tu possis, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45: Cie.: 
also without a verb expressed, ef. Cic. 
Fam. 16, 8, vix in ipsis tectis frigus vita- 
tur, n. in mari: with ut added before 
the subj., Liv. 3, 14, jin. (nedum ut vis 
ulla fieret), For nedum Tac. sumetimes 
has, adeo non, adeo nunquam, cf. Ann. 
6, 15, extr. 

-less (suffix): expr. by prefixes in., 
ex-, or Sometimes prep. sine: see the adjj. 

lessee: conductor (one who hires or 
vents) :"Pl.: Cic. Fem. -trix, Imp. Cod. 

lessen; minuo, i, itum, 3; with 
comps. imminuo, deminuo (not di-), ete. * 
Vv. TO DIMINISH. 

lessening: imminitio: Cic.: Quint. 
(Or expr. by verb.) 

lesson: |. That which is taught or 
learned: Phr.: to give Ls in rhetoric, 
grammar, etc., rhetoricam, rrammaticam 
docere, Suet. Gr. 6: also praecepta (elo- 
quentiae) tradere (i. e. fo give theoretical 
instruction), ib. 7: to take Ls of any 
ome, audire (magistrum), ib. 10 (v. TO 
LEARN): he began to give Ls, scholam 
aperuit, ib. 16. See also PRECEPT, IN- 
STRUCTION, LECTURE. Il. By way of 
example or warning: ddcimentum : let 
him learn a 1. from me, habeat me ipsum 
sibi documento, Cic. Agr. 1, jim.: an 
impressive 1. against trusting Roman 
faith, insigne d. ne quis fidei Romanae 
confidat, Liv. 21, 19. exér. Il]. A por- 
tion for reading: “lectio: a book of 
such, *lectionarium: M. L. V. Task 
given toa pupil: pensum: to attend to 
1s, *pensis operam dare, in pensa incum- 
bere: v. TO ATTEND TO; DEVOTE ONE- 
SELF TO. Lessons dictated for learning, 
dictata, orum: Cic. Fin. 4, 4, 19. 

lessor: lécator: correll. term to con- 
ductor. Vv. LESSEE. 

lest: né; in certain cases, esp. before 
indef. pron. quis, ut (quo) ne, with subg. : 
v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. ne (5): 
Ter.: Cic.: Caes. (the last appears never 
to use ut ne). Comps. (1). nécubi, lest 
any where, Caes. b. G. 7, 35 (necubi 
Romani copias transducerent): Liv. (2). 
nécunde, lest from ony quarter, Liv. 22, 
23, extr. (necunde impe'us in frumenta- 
tores fieret). See also THAT. 

let: |. To suffer, allow: sino, 
palior: v. TO ALLOW (IIL). See also 
foll. artt. |, As peripbr. for imperat. 
mood : 1, expr. by 3 pers. sing. and 
pl., or 1 pers. pl. of pres. subj.; in nega- 
tive commands, with né: v. L. @. $$ 419. 
4203 445- Q. fac, faicito, with subj 
(in formal prescriptions, etc.): let the 
poles be always %™ the sun, perticae uti 
semper in sole sint facito Col. 12, 39: 
Cic.: rarely foll. by inf., let the honey 
be thrice boiled, mel ter infervere facito, 
Col. 12, 38, med. Ill. To lease: loco, 
1: to L. land for (a share of) the gratn, 
agrum frumento 1, Liv. 27, 3, tit.: 
Plin, min. Also @ldco, 1: Cic. Verr. 3, 
22, init.: to l. out oxen (for farm la- 

441 


Much L, 


LET ALONE 





bour), boves e., Col. 1, 7, med. IV. 
In phr. to let blood: sanguinem mitto: 
v. TO BLEED. 

let alone: 1. abstineo, 2; foll. by 
ab (to refrain from meddling with): 
Liv. 21,6: more definitely, abs. manum : 
can't you l. me alone, potin ut me (=a 
me) abstineas manum? Pl. Most. 2, 4, 
10. Q, dmitto, 3 (after having begun): 
Liv. 7, 29 (Samnites omissis Sidicinis 
Campanos adorti): v. TO ABANDON. 

— down: demitto, 3: v. TO LOWER. 

— fall; demitto, émitto, 3: v. FALL 
(TO LET). 

— fly: émitto, 3: v. TO DISCHARGE. 

— go: dimitto, dmitto, 3: v. GO 
(TO LET). 

— jn: admitto, 3: v. TO ADMIT. 

— loose: émitto, 3: v.Go (10 LET). 

— off; (?)explodo, 3: v. TO EX- 
PLODE, DISCHARGE. 

— out: |, To suffer to escape: 
émitto, 3: v. GO (TO LET). Il. vo 
lease: éléco, 1: v. TO LEASE. 

— slip; Phr.: tol. slip an oppor- 
tunity, occasionem amittere, ler. Eun. 
3,5, 58. 

lethal: létalis, e. v. FATAL. 

lethargic: 1, léthargicus: Plin. 
As subs. = a lethargic person, Hor. S. 2, 


3, 30: Plin. 9. véternodsus: Plin. 20, 
4, 13. See also DROWSY. 
lethargy: 1, véternus (a state of 


dulness or sleepiness): to suffer from L., 
veterno teneri, ef. Pl. Men. 5, 4, 3. 
Fig. (more usu. sense): the whole city 
is overcome with lL., v. civitatem occu- 
pavit, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 3: Virg.: 
Hor. 9, léthargus (the physical 
state only): to be suffering from pro- 
found l., \. grandi [in prose, gravi] op- 
pressum esse, Hor. S. 1, 3, 145: Plin. 
Phr.: to be good for L., lethargicis s. 
veternosis prodesse: v.preced. art. 3, 
torpor (numbness; hence inactivity) : 
Tac. G. 46. 

lethean; Léthaeus: Virg. G. 1, 78. 

letter : |. Of the alphabet: 
littéra: to mark the l. A, litteram A 
imprimere, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23: else- 
where, usc. 1, 25, 62, Cic. has, litte- 
rarum notae for the L.s of the alphabet. 
Capital and running Ls, *1. unciales, cur- 


] 


sivae, M. L. (but unciales strictly refers | 


only to the size of letters = majusculi). 
I]. Phat which is specially written : 

1, scriptum: contrary to the l. of 
the law, coutra s., Cic. Br. 39, 145: to 
follow the |. (opp. to the intention of 
language), s. sequi, id. Caec. 23, 65. 
2. praescriptum (of instructions 
from a superior): to carry out orders 
to the l., omnia agere ad p., Caes. B. C. 
3, §1- 8, littéra (rare in this sense): 
to the 1. (= verbatim), ad l., Quint. 9. 1, 
25: Vulg. LI. Cor. ii. 6 (opp. to spiritus: 
not class.). Join: verba et litterae, 
Cic. Caec. 1. c. 4, verba, orum: ct. 
supr. (11. 3), See also LITERALLY. — [II, 
An epistle: j, littérae, arum (the 
most freq. word in familiar language) : 
to post (lit. give to the letter-carrier) a 
letter, litteras dare, Cic. Ep. pass.: to 
receive one, |. accipere, ib. pass.: I have 
received a l. from my brother, 1. mihi a 
fratre allatae sunt, id. Att. 3, 26: any 
letters ? ecquid litterarum ? ib. 2, 8: no 
l. from you for so long! abs te tam diu 
nihil litterarum! ib. 1, 2. (N.B —To 
denote two, three, etc., letters, the distrib. 
numerals must be used, e. g. tuae litterae 
binae, Cic. Att. 5, 33 or else epistola 
must be used, as is more freq. the case: 
cf. ib. 1,135 3, 15, etc.) Q. épistola: 
neglect in the matter of l.-writing, negli- 
gentia epistularum, Cic. Att. 1,6: to send 
no l. without something written about, 
nullam e. sine [Cic. uses absque bec iuse 
of the preceding sine] argumento mittere, 
cf.ib.1,19,1 to writea long I. toany one, 
Jongam e. ad aliquem scribere, id. Fam. 
14, 2. Adj. epistolaris, e.g. charta, 1.- 
yper, Mart. 14, 11, lem. 3. tabellae 
(the tablets or leuves on which a l. was 
written) : cf. Liv. 45,1, where a l. an- 
nouncing victory is first called litterae 
laureatae, afterwards, as eazhibited to 
the people, tabellae laureatae. 4, co- 

442 





LEVEL 





dicilli (@ short note): Cie: Plime: v. 
note.  ¥, In pl. only, learning : lit- 
térae, arum: V. LITERATURF, LEARNING. 

letter-carrier: tabellarins: Cic. 
Ep. pass. 

letter-case : scrinium: v. DESK, 

lettered (auj.): littératus: v. LEARN- 
ED (4.). 

letter-writer: Pbr.: to be a great 
l., *plurimas scriptitare litteras; pluri- 
marum esse epistolarum (litterarum 
would rather refer to knowledge of Lite- 
rature): cf. foll. art. 

letter-writing: expr. by épistola: 
cf. Cic. Att. 1, 6, negligentia epistolarum, 
neglect of 1.: to excel in L., *in epistolis 
excellere (or perh. in *epistolari genere 
excellere). See also CORRESPONDENCE. 

letting (subs.): i.e. leasing, locatio : 
Liv. : Col. 

lettuce: lactiica: Hor.: Plin. Dimin. 
lactucula: jus’ a stalk of 1., thyrsus lac- 
tuculae, Suet. Aug. 77: Col. Abounding 
in l.s, lactucosus, Diom.: a l.-seller, lac- 
tucarius, Diom. 

levant; *litrora orientalia medii 
quod dicitur maris; regiones eae quae 
mari medio ab oriente adjacent. 

levée: expr. by salitatio: to exclude 
any one from l.s, aliquem publica s. 
prohibere, Suet. Vesp. 4: cf. id. Aug. 55, 
promiscuis salutationibus admittebat et 
plebem, i e. he held open Ls. he term 
originally referred to the receptions given 
in the morning by eminent citizens: cf. 
Cic. Fam. 9, 20, mane salutamus domi 
(I hold a 1. in my own house) bonos 
viros multos...ubi salutatio defluxit 
(after the l.is over). A fuller expr. is 
officium salutationis, Suet. Aug. 27, 
which however, like the single word, is 
equally applicable to a single compli- 
mentary call: also, officium, as gen. 
term for a complimentary act, may 
sometimes serve: v. COMPLIMENT. 

level (adj.): 1, planus (most gen. 
term): Pl.: Caes. Join: aequus et 
planus [locus]. Cic. Caec. 17, fin.; pl. et 
aequabilis, id. Tim. 5. , aequus: 
Caes. Esp. in neut. absol., in aequo, on 
the l. ground, Liv. 5, 38: ‘Tac. (Cf. 


supr.) 3, aequabilis, e (rare in this 
sense): Vv. supr. (1). See also EVEN 
(adj.) 4, aequalis, e (also rare): 
Ov. 5, libratus (in strictly scient. 


sense): it is his opinion that water is 
not (strictly) 1. placet ei aquam non 
esse L, Vitr. 8, 5 (6), 3- 
level (subs.): |. Horizontal posi- 
tion: librata collocatio, Vitr. 8, 5 (6), 1: 
also, libratio, ib. § 3. To take a L, 
librare, perlibrare, Vitr. l.c. Phr.: to 
sink to the l. of the water. ad aequili- 
brium aquae mergi, Sen. N. Q. 3, 25, 5. 
|]. An instrument for taking levels : 
Vitr. enumerates the following: libraria 
aquaria (a water-l.) ; dioptra (an optical 
l.); chorobates, ae (ef a more elaborate 
kind), de Arch. 8, 5 (6): add to these, 
aequamentum, Varr. in Non. Il. An 
even surfuce: planus locus, planities, 
etc.: v. preced. art.; and PLAIN (subs.). 
IV. Usual or natural elevation : 
Pbr.: to rise above the common l., 
*egredi supra reliquos (cf. supergredi, 
Tac. Agr. 1); praeter solitum (supra 
modum, in bad sense, cf. Tac. A. 14, 
52): things «ill soon find their L. *brevi 
tempore omnia in suum locum reverten- 
tur. V. Position of equality: Phr.: 
on al. with, aequalis (v. EQUAL): to set 
on a l., exaequo: e.g. to put oneself on 
al. with inferiors, se cum inferioribus 
ex., Cic. Am. 20, tnit.: the law puts 
quadrupeds on a 1 with slaves, lex ser- 
vis ex. quadrupedes, Gai. Dig. 9, 2, 2: 
in same sense, adaequo: Cic.: Tac. 
, to place on a: exaequo, I: v. 
preced. art. fin. 
level (v.): |. To take a level: 
libro, 1: v. preced. art. (1.). ||. Zo 
make level or even: complano, 1: Cato, 
RK. R. 159: in same sense, aequo: Virg. G. 
I, 178. (Or expr. by circuml., planum 
facio, reddo: v. LEVEL, adj.) Ill. Zo 
bring to the (level of) the ground: — ], 
aequo, 1: to destroy a city and 1. it 
with the ground, urbem excisam solo 








LIAISON 


aeq., Vell. 2,4: Liv.; Tac. 2, adae- 


quo, 1: Liv. 1, 2g (tecta solo ad.). 3. 
coaequo, 1: Sall. Cat. 20. 4. com- 
plano, 1: Cic. (?) Dom. 38, tor: Hirt. 


5, sterno, stravi, tum, 3 (tv lay /lat, 
prostrate): to l. ualls with the ram, 
muros ariete s., Liv. 1, 29: ef. Virg. Aen. 
11, 485, pronum sterne solo. (Qiter 
diruo, everto, will be precise enough : 
cf. Liv. 4, 16, init.: v. TO PULL DOWN.) 

leveller: |. One skilled in level. 
ling : librator: Plin. Ep. 10,50(70). Ih. 
One who destroys distinctions: expr. 
by exaequo, I: Vv. LEVEL, subs. (V.). 

levelling (subs.): libratio, perlibra 
tio: Vitr. 

levelness: 1, planities, Gi (rare 
in abstr, sense): Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2 (p. 
magnitudoque regionum). 2, aequali- 


tas: Sen. Ep. 53, 1 (aeq. maris). Or 
expr. by adj.: Vv. LEVEL. 
lever : vectis, is,m.: Caes.: Cic. The 


short arm of al., lingua, lingula: Vitr. 

leverage: Phr.: (he did so) in 
order to obtain a l., *quo majore mo- 
mento res inclinaretur; quo magis in 
modum vectis vires suas adhiberet. 

leveret; *pullus lepurinus (cf. pullus 
equinus, etc.). Lepusculus occurs in 
Varr. and Cic. in sense of a poor little 
hare ; not a young one. 

leviable; quod exigi potest: v. TO 
LEVY. 

leviathan: *leviatha: Vulg. Job 
xl. 20 (but draco, Ps. ciii. 28). 

Levite; Lévites or Levita, ae: Vulg. 

Levitical; léviticus: Vulg. : 

levity: 1, perh. lévitas: cf. Cic. 
Tusc. I, 18, 61, amatoriis levitatibus 
(Srivolities) : but the word denotes 
empty-mindedness, want of solidity of 
character generally. 2. with ref. to 
joking : jocus, jocatio: nothing is more 
untimely than l. over important subjects, 
*nihil intempestivius quam de rebus gra- 
vibus jocatio: cease your 1, *omitte 
jocos ! v. JOKING, 

levy (subs.): délectus, is: to hold a 
1., d. habere, Liv. 


levy (v.): |. Zo raise troops: 
scribo, etc.: v. TO ENLIST. I]. Zo im- 
pose a tax: 1, exigo, 3: v. TO EXACT. 


2. impéro, 1 (to order to furnish: 
with dat. of person and acc. of thing) : 
he ls the utmost possible number of 
troops of the whole province, toti pro- 
vinciae quam maximum militum nu- 
merum imperat, Caes. B. G. 1, 7: 80, 
imp. civitatibus obsides, id. 7, 64. See 
also TO IMPOSE. 

lewd: 1, incestus (impure, un- 
chaste) : 1. discourse, i. sermo, Liv 8, 28, 
med.: Hor,: Ov. 2. impidicus: U, 
women, imp. mulieres, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10: 
Pl. Join: impuri impudicique, ib. ro, 
23. 9, impurus: v. mpuRE. See also 
LICENTIOUS. 

lewdly; incesté: Cic.: Suet. 

lewdness: 1. incestum (unchaste 
indulgence): to commit l., inc. facere, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73: cf. INCEST. i 
libido, inis, /.: v. LUST. 3, imptdi- 
citia: Tac. A. 5, 3 (esp. as here, of un- 
natural lust). 

lexicographer: *lexici conditor; 
or perh., lexicographus. 

lexicography : expr. by lexica con- 
dere: v. foll. art. 

lexicon: *lexicon, i: M. L. (The 
terms onomasticon, etymologicum, are 
of more ancient use, but less compre- 
hensive.) 

liable: 1. obnoxius (both in legal 
sense, and generally): to be l. (to action 
or penalty) under a certain law, lege 
aliqua obn. esse, Paul. Dig. 11, 3, 14: 
PL.: JU. to @ disease. morbo obn., Plin. 
17.24, 37 $221: V.EXPOSED.  Q, réus, 
a (legally bound): with gen., l. for the 
payment of a dower, dotis reus, Mip. 
Dig. 24, 3, 22, §2. To be l. to decay, 
carie infestari, Col.: Plin.: to be l. to an 
action for injury, injuriarum actione 
teneri, Gai. Dig. 47, 10, 12. 

liability : expr. by adj.: v. preced. 
art. 
liaison ; consuétido stupri,Sall. Cat. 
PER 


ease 


LIAR 


0 ee 

liar; mendax, acis (strictly adj.) : 
Quint. 4, 2, 91. Phria consummate 
deceiver and l., totus ex fraude et men- 
dacio factus, Cic. Clu. 26, jin. 

libation: 1, libamentum, libamen 
(the offering of a portion of a sacrifice, 
to symbolize the devotion of the whole) : 
cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 246, where the libamina 
consist of bristles from the forehead of 
a victim: Cic.: Just. 2. libatio 
= preced.): Auct. Harusp. 10, 21. 

3, usu. better expr. by libo, 1 (¢o 

offer al.): Virg. pass. 

libel; neares. phr., famdsus libellus 
(true or false) : V. LAMPOON, (Sometimes 
fig. =a false charge, opprobrium tal- 
sum, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 383 or simply, 
mendacium; v. REPROACH, LIE.) 

libellous: ‘amosus, with libellus, 
etc.: V. LAMPOON. Phr.: such language 
is 1, *qni talia opprobria in aliquem 
dicit, tenetur injuriarum actione : et 
Dig. 47, to (de injuriis et famosis li- 
bellis): to compose l. verses against any 
one, aliquem procacibus versibus dif- 
famare, Tac. A. 1, 72. 


libellously; ‘*alterius in oppro- 
brium. 
liberal: |. Freein giving: 1. 


libéralis, e: J. with money, pecuniae l., 
Sall. Cat. 7: with in and acc. of the 
person towards whom, Suet. Vesp. 7. 
Join: beneticus liberalisque ; muni- 
ficus et 1.; largus, beneficus, 1., Cic. 
9, largus (in good or bad sense; 
including both the liberalis and the pro- 
digus, Cic. Oif. 2, 16 55): lac. ) 
bénignus (bounteous, generous ; OPP. to 
malignus): v. GENEROUS (iL, 2). 4. 
munificus (usu. on a large scale) : to be 
1. in giving, m. esse in dando, Cic. Off. 
2, 18, 64: cf. supr. (1). Phr.: to be 1. 
with whut is not one’s own, largiri ex 
alieno, Cic. Fam. 3,8, ad fin. — ||, Abun- 
dant: largus: v. COPIOUS. Ill. Apper- 
taining to free citizens: Phr.: the lL. 
arts, liberales artes 5 liberales doctrinae 
ingenuaeque, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 1275 
ingenua studia atque artes, id. Fin. 5, 
18, 48; ingenuae et humanae artes, id. 
de Or. 3, ©, 21 IV. Free, unbiassed : 
ingénuus, candidus. v. CANDID. 
liberality : |. In giving: 1. 
libéralitas: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 7, benefi- 
centia, quam eandem benignitatem vel 
liberalitatem appellari_ licet (strictly, 
liberalitas is open-handedness ; benefi- 
centia, active kindness ; benignitas, ge- 
nerosity): sometimes = an act of L, 
Suet. Hor. med. Q, largitas (stronger 
than preced.): excessive J., nimia Lier. 
Heaut. 3, 1, 32: Cic. 3, munificentia 
(cf. LIBERAL, L, 4): Cic. 4, bénig- 
nitas: v. supr. (1). I. In thinking: 
animus nullis destinatis sententiis ad- 
dictus, cf. Cic. Vusc. 2, 2, 55 nullius in 
verba jurare addictus, cf. Hor. Hp. 1, 1, 
143 *nibil praejudican -ecum afferens 
(Vv. PREJUDICE). See also CANDOUR, 
liberally: |. Bountifully : libe- 
raliter; large et liberaliter ; benigue 5 
munifice: Cic.: tor syn. v. preced. artt. 
Il, As becomes a free citizen : liber- 
aliter: e. g. educatus: Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 
57: cf. LIBERAL (IL.). 
liberate: |. Yo free, release : 
solvo, libéro, etc. : v. TO RELEASE, FREE. 
|]. Zo manumit : mauumitto, etc. : 
v. TO MANUMIT 
liberated (part. adj.) : Phr.: al. 
slave, pileatus (wearing the cap of 
liberty), ct. Suet. Ner. fin.: Liv.: v. 
FREEDMAN. 
liberation ; libératio: Cic. (Or expr. 
by verb: v. TO FREE.) 
liberator: 1, libérator: our Ls 
(Brutus and ¢ ‘assius), nostri 1., Cic. Att 
14, 12: Liv. 2, a-sertor (one who 
legally asserts the freedom of a person 
held to bondage): cf. Suet. Gal. 9, ut hu- 
mano generi assertorem ducemque ac- 
commodaret, i. e the l. and leader of 
the human race: Liv. 3, 46 (in primary 


sense). 
libertine (a¢j.) :_ libertinus (of the 
dass of freedmen): Liv.» Hor. 


libertine (subs.): ganeo, Adulter, 
homo libidinosus: v. RAKE, DEBAUCHEE. 


Jorbidden pleasures : 





LICK 





libertinism: mores dissoluti: v. 
PROFLIGACY. 

liberty: 1, libertas: v. FREEDOM. 

2. meton. pileus, pileum (lit. the 
cap of l.): to call the slaves to L., servos 
ad p. vocare, Liv. 74, 34, jin. Phr.: to 
take L.s with any one, licentius, liberius, 
tamiliarius se in aliquem gerere, cf. Cle. 
Coel. 23, 57- 

—, to be at; licet, uit, 2 (with dat. 
of Eng. subject): Ter.: Cic. When the 
inf. esse follows with an adj., tbe latter 
is regularly in ace., but may also be in 
dat.: vy. Dr.Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. licet. 
Phr.: I am (still) at L. (to act), i.e. 
have not committed myself, mihi inte- 
grum est, Cic. Att. 15, 24: I shall be at 
lL. to publish (the book) or suppress it, 
erit liberum nobis vel publicare vel 
continere, Plin. Kp. 1, 8, 3: cf. FREE 
(I.,.2). 

libidinous: libidinosus: v. LEWD. 

librarian; biblidthécarius (late) : 
M. Aur. More strictly class. biblio- 
thecae praefectus, Rubnk. in Kr.; qui 
bibliothecae praeest, Suet. Gr. 20; qui 
supra bibliethecam est, Vitr. lib. 7,95: 
also, (servus) a bibliotheca, Inser. in 
Forcell. To appoint l., aliquem supra 
bibliothecam constituere, Vitr. lc. § 7. 

library : biblidthéca (both the place 
and the books): to take care of al., 
b. tractare, Cic. Fam. 13, 77: to get to- 
gether a l., b. conficere, ids Att) Kyu'y) 
to form a (public) l., b. instituere, Vitr. 
lib. 7, §.4: to arrange a l., b. ordinare, 
Suet. Gr. 21. Dimin. bibliothecula, a 
smail l., Symm.: relating to a 1., biblio- 
thecalis, Sid. Phr.: to leave one’s lL. to 
any one, libros alicui legare, Ulp. Dig. 
32, 3, 52 (bibliothecam legare may refer 
to the book-cases only: Dig. 1. c.). 

libration: libratio: Vitr. 

license (swbs.) : |. Leave, liberty : 
vy. LEAVE(subs.). — ||, Hacess of liberty: 
licentia: wnbounded and intolerable L., 
infinita atque intoleranda L., Cic. Agr. 1, 
5,15: Ver.: of style, poetic l., poetarum 
1, Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 1533 1. poetica, Lact. 

Ill. Legal permission : *potestas 
per litteras data (Kr.). 

license (v.): *potestatem do: v. pre- 
ced. art. (111). 

licentiate: *licentiatus (as ¢. t:): 

licentious: |. Using freedom to 
excess: licens, ntis (infreq.): Cic. de Or. 
3, 48, 185: Gell. II. Imdulging in 
1, imputdicus 
(parum pudicus, Cat. 16, 8): Ciel. 
LEWD. 2, pétiilans, ntis (too forward 
and free): Cic. Par. 3, I, 10: somewhat 
1, petulantiora (carmina), Plin. Ep. 4, 
14,4. 3, incestus (impure): V. LEWD. 

, ad res Venereas intemperans, 
Suet. Hor. jin ; effusus in Venerem, 
Liv. 29, 235 lilidine accensus (a strong 
expr.), Sall. Cat. 25. Phr.: 0 paint l. 
pictures, libidines pingere, Plin. 33, 
pref., § 5. 

licentiously : impidice, pétiilanter 
(in this sense, mostly late), etc.: v- 
WANTONLY, LEWDLY. 

licentiousness: |. 2xcessive free- 
dom; licentia: v. LICENSE. |, Sensual 
vice . 1, libido, inis, 7. (sensual ap- 
petite, lust): to give vay to (indulge in) 
1, libidini parere, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, init. 
Sall.: ef. LIcenTious, fin. (N.B.—The 
pl. expresses habitual character : cf. 
Cic, Verr. 4, 52, 115, conferte hujus 
libitines cnm continentia alterius, com- 
pave the |. of the one with the virtue of 
the other: cf. L. G. § 59¢-) 2. impi- 
dicitia: V. LEWDNEsS. 8, meton., 
Venus, éris, f.: Liv.: cf. LICENTIOUS, 
fin. 4, pétilintia (oftener = imper- 
tinence, sauciness): Cic. sen. It, 37 (ut 
petulantia, ut libido migis est adole- 
scentium quam senum). 

lichen : lichén, énis, m.: more fully, 
lichen herba (acc. to Plin., so called from 
its curing a skin-disease of the same 
name): Vlin. 26, 4, 10. Perh. also fucus : 
vy. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 

lick; 1. lambo, i, 3 (of the natural 
use of the tongue): Cic.: Ov.: to l. into 
shape, figurare lambendo, Plin. 8, 36, 54, 








§ 126; lambendo in artus fingere, Ov. | 


LIE BETWEEN 





15, 380, 9, lingo, xi, ctum, 3 (wu 
so as to taste): to give cattle salt to lL. 
pecoribus salem dare lingendum, Plin. 
31, 9, 45, extr. (where lambo w ould have 
been unsuitable): Pl. (N.B.—Also in 
obscene sense: Mart.) Comps. elingo, to 
1. out, Plin.; deling», to l. up, Pl. Cels.: 
(both rare). 3, ligitirio or ligurrio, 4 
(to l. up gluttonously, daintily): Hor. 8. 
I, 3, 81. 

lickerish: Vv. DAINTY. 

licorice: gl¥cyrrbiza or -on: Plin. : 
M. L. also, pure Lat. dulcis radix, Cels. 5, 
23, 13 and Jiquiritia, Veg. Vet. 4, 9, fin. 

lictor ; lictor, dris: Cic.: Liv. 

lid: 1, dpercilum: Cic. N. D. 2 
54, 136. 2, opérimentum: Plin. 2, 
51, 52. Of the eye ls, operimenium 
oculorum, id. 8, 42,64 9 156. See als: 
EYE-LID. 

lie (subs.): mendacium: to tllal, 
m. dicere, Nep. Att. 15. @ great and 
shameless 1., magnum et impudens m., 
Cic. Clu. 60, 168. Dimin., mendaciolum 
or -unculum: id. de Or. 2, 59, 141. Zo 
tell a l., mentiri: v. toll. art. 

lie (v.): i.e. to speak falsely: men- 
tior, 4: not to l. even in joke, ne joco 
quidem m., Nep. Ep. 3: to Ll. over a 
thing, in aliqua re m., Cic, Att. 12, 21, 4 
(but the word is less coarse than the 
Eng., being oft. to deceive, misrepresent, 
speak erroneously). Coup. émentior, to 
invent and put forth Lies, Cic. 

lie (v.): correl. to lay (q. V.): L. 
To be in a horizontal position : jaceo, ui 
2 (usu. of inanimate things; but also 
of persons, to denote a temporary post- 
tion): the apples l. beneath the tree, 
j. sub arbore poma, Virg E. 7, 54 tol. 
on the ground to do anything, j. humi 
ad aliquid faciendum, Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: 
for sleep, Liv. 21,4 _ |, To vest ina 
recumbent posture: ciibu, ui, itum, ©: 
to l. in a litter, in lectica c., Cic. Verr. 4, 
23, 51: tol. on one’s face, one’s back, in 
faciem, supinum c., Juv. 3, 280: oft. with 
ref. to illmess : v. ILL (to be), Comps 
reciibo, recumbo ; accubo, ac cumbo (the 
forms in cumbo denoting the act; those 
in cubo the state): Vv. TO RECLINE. F're- 
quent. cubito, 1 (rare): Pl. =: Cie. ill. 
To be deposited in @ grave : ree 
here lies he, hic est ille situs, Enn. in Cic. 
Leg. 2, 22, 57: Liv.: on tombs, often 
abbreviated thus, H.S. E. hic situs est: 
v. korcell. s. v. (Hic jacet appears to 
be a modernism.) |V, 0 be situated: 

1, expr. by situs, positus: v. SI- 
TUATED.  Q, jiiceo, 2 (rare) : this coun- 
try l.s beyond Cappadocia, quae gens j. 
supra Cappedociam, Nep. Dat. 4: Plin. 

3, specto, 1: v. TO LOOK TOWARDS 

V. Mili. ¢ t, to be im quarters: 
Phr.: tol. encamped anyuhere, alicubi 
stativa habere, Liv. 2, 52, med.: with 
the notion of inaction, milites stativis 
castris habere, Sall. Jug. 44- Vi. To 
depend upon: Phr.: as jar as in me 
Ls, quantum in me est, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 
13, init.; quantum est situm in nobis, 
id. Arch. 1, 13 quantum potero (with 
ref. to the future), id. Fam. 5, 13. fin.; 
pro virili parte, id. Sext. 68, init. (pro 
viribus = in pi oportion lo your powers, 
Cic. Sen. 9, 27): you know how much 
ls in speed, scis quantum sit in celeri- 
tate, id. Br. 1, 15, fin. Vil. 7 con- 
sist: Phr.: contineor, tentus, 2 (40 be 
involved, bound up in): mm this one 
virtue l. all the rest, hac una virtute 
omnes virtutes continentur, Cic. de Or. 
2, 35, 150 (V. TO BIND UP, IL.): the point 
where a cause really Ls, cardo causae, 
Quint. 5, 12, 3- Vill. 70 be sustain- 
able in law: compéto. ivi, tum, 3: an 
action for theft will t, furui actionem 
c., Ulp. Dig. 47, 2. 45 (The same sense 
may be expr. by actionem habere, the 
subject being the person who brings the 
action, ib. § 41.) Phr.: here no action 
Sor theft can l., baec furti non admittunt 
actionem, ib. § 36. 

— between: 1. interjiceo, 2 (foll. 
by dat., inter and ace., or less freq. acc. 
alone: or absol.): the pluin Ling be- 
tween the Tiber and the walls of Rome, 
campus interjacens Tiberi ac moenibus 

443 


LIE DOWN 


LIGHT 


LIGHTEN 


i 


Romae, Liv. 21, 30, extr.: Plin. 9. 
expr. by interjectus (lying between): 
Caes. B. G. 2, 22. 

lie down: décumbo, ciibui, itum, 3 
(of the act of lying down): Gell. 18, Io: 
also simply to lie or recline, Cic.: Suet. 
tol. down again, recumbo, Cic. Div. 1, 
27, 57. 

— ill; jaceo, ciibo: v. 111 (to be). 

— jn: i.e. with childbirth: partirio, 
4: v. LABouR (IL1.). 

— in wait; insidior, 1 (with dat.): 
Cic. 

— near: adjaceo,2: v. ADJACENT. 

— on or upon: 1, incubo, 1 
(with dat. or prep.): to 1. (sleep) on 
straw, stramentis i., Hor. S. 2, 3, 117: 
_ with super and acc., Sen. V. B. 25, 2. 

2. siperinciibo, t (rare): Liv. 22, 51. 

— over: i.e. to be put off: pass. of: 
différo : v. TO POSTPONE. 

— to: naut. term: perh. cursum 
(navis) inhibeo: v. TO CHECK. 

— with; i.e. sexually, concibo, 1: 
Ter. : Cic.: also concumby, 3: Ov.: Juv. 

lief; Phr.: J had as l. stay as go, 
*mea nil interest utrum maneam an 
proficiscar: v. INDIFFERENT (lL., Phr.). 

liege: fidélis (dependant, vassal), 
Lib. Feud. pass. : 1. lord, dominus, ib. 

lien : perh. pignus or hypdéthéca : cf. 
Mare. Dig. 20, 1, 16, fin., putest ita fieri 
pignoris datio hypothecaeve, ut si intra 
certum tempus non sit soluta pecnnia, 
jure emptoris possideat rem: see also 
MORTGAGE. Phr.: the creditor has no 
l. on such things, minime [ea] credi- 
toribus obligata esse, Dig. 1. c. § 26, fin. 

lier-in-wait: insidiator: Cic. Also 
part. of insidior: ct. L. G. § 638. 

lieu: Pbhr.: in 1. of, loco, with gen. : 
v. INSTEAD OF (1, 2). 

lieutenant: legatus (the locum 
tenens of a@ commander in chief): 
Caes. pass. (N.B.—It is impossible to 
express accurately the status of the 
regimental officer so called.) 

life : |. Of men or animals : 

1, vita (gen. term): the Ll. of ani- 
mals, v. animantium, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 
134: man’s physical l., v. quae corpore 
et spiritu continetur, id. Marc. 9, 28: 
to take away any one’s l., v. alicui 
eripere, Cic. Ph. 2, 24, 60; adimere, id. 
Pl. 42, 101; auferre, id. Sen. 19, 71: to 
quit 1., vita excedere ; cedere e vita, etc. 
€v. TO DIE): to come to I. again, revi- 
viscere, Cic.: to sacrifice one's l. freely, 
v. profundere, Cic. Fam. 1, 4. i 
anima (the vital principle, not involving 
intelligence) : sometimes used = vita : 
cf. Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18, de vestra vita, de con- 
jugum vestrarum ac liberorum anima 
(to avoid repetition) : more freq. = mere 
existence; cf. Sall. Jug. 14, med., pauci 
quibus relicta est anima: v. BREATH. 
Dimin. animula, a spari of 1. (fig.), Cic. 
Att. 9, 7, init. 8. salus, itis, f. (of 
one whose life is endungered by illness 
or other causes): without hope of saving 
/., sine spe salutis, Nep. Att. jin.: not 
to save l. but to destroy it, non ad salu- 
tem sed ad necem, Auct. Har. Resp. 16, 
extr. Phr.: ’tis not a matter of l. and 
death with him, non capitis ejus res 
agitur, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 26: early L., 
iniens aetas, Cic. Off. 1, 34, 1225 prima 
aetas, Suet. Caes. 30: the prime of L., 
bona aetas, Cic Sen. 14, 38; constans 
aetas, ib. 10, 33: the decline of l., senec- 
tus, ib.; more precisely, deterior aetas 
(poet.), Ov. Pont. 1, 4, I. |. Human 
life, as a period of time: aetas: Vv. LIFE- 
TIME. Wk. Human life, as including 
actions and character: vita: the ls of 
eminent commanders, vita excellentium 
imperitorum, Nep. pref. extr.: 1. and 
character, v., mores, Liv. 40, 16. init.: 
an honourable, disgraceful l., vita ho- 
nesta, turpis, Cic. pass. |Y. Animating 
spirit, vivacity : 1, vigor (rather 
stronger than the Eng.): the same 1. 
(energy) in his looks, idem v. in vultu, 
Liv. 21, 4: Vv. VIGOUR. 9, siicus or 
succus (lit. juice, sap): to drain away 
ail the tl. of genius, omnem s. ingenii 
bibere, Quint, lib. 1, prooem., § 24 (said 
of the effect of too much technicality): 
444 





Cic. Or. 23, 96. Join: sucus et san- 
guis (civitatis], Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6. 3} 
alacritaS: V. ALACRITY, CHEERFULNESS. 
4. viriditas (young, fresh l.): Cic. 

Am. 3,11. Phr.: tolosel., languescere 
(de oratore), Cic. Sen. 9, 28: see also 
TO FLAG. V. Vhe reality; of living 
things: Phr.: to paint from the l., 
perh. *ipsa corpora ob oculos posita pin- 
gendo exprimere ; ipsorum corporum 
pingendo imaginem exprimere. Fig.: 
to the l., ad ipsam rei speciem (?). See 
also GRAPHIC, GRAPHICALLY. 

life-blood: sucus et sanguis (fig.): 
Vv. LIFE (IV., 2). 

life-boat;: *navicula salutifera (?). 

life-giving: 1. almus (giving or 
sustaining life: poet.): cf. Lucr. 1, 2 
(alma Venus), Hor. Car. Saec. 9 (alme 
Sol). 2, vitalis, e (connected in any 
vay with life): l. power (of heat), vis v., 
Cie. N. D. 2, 9, 24. Phr.: ¢. power, 
procreandi vis et causa gignendi, ib. 
10, extr. 

life-guard: stipatores corporis, cor- 
poris custodes (late): v. BODY-GUARD. 

life-insurance: V- INSURANCE. 

lifeless: |. Lit.: 1. inanimus, 
inanimatus : v. INANIMATE. 92, exa- 
nimis, €; o7 -us, a, um (that has been 
deprived of life; the preced. words being 
used of things naturally without it: 
chiefly poet.): the dove fell l., columba 
decidit exanimis, Virg. Aen. 5, 517: but 
exanimum corpus, ib. 1, 484: Liv. 25, 
34, ad fin. (exanimem): Tac. In same 
sense, less freq., exanimatus: Liv. 9, I: 
Lucr. 3, expr. to be l., by vita carere, 
vitae expertem esse: v. WITHOUT (to be). 

Il. Fig.: 1, exsanguis,e: Join: 

aridum et exsangue [orationis genus], 
Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16: exs, et attritus 
(lifeless and weak), Tac. Dial. 18. ON. 
frigidus: v. FLAT, DULL. 

lifelessly : frigidé: Cic. 

lifetime : ], aetas: once in a L., 
singnlis aetatibus, Cic. Br. fin.: a lL. 
would hardly suffice, vix hominis aetas 
esset suffectura, cf. Suet. Vesp. to. 2, 
aevum (chiefly poet.): cf. Sall. Jug. intt., 
aevi brevis, enjoying @ brief l.: Lucr.: 
Hor. 

lift (v.): totlo, attollo, sublévo, ete. : 
v. TO RAISE. 

lift (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
RAISE. 

ligament: |. Anything that binds 
or ties: ligamentum, ligamen: v. BAND- 
AGE. |], Anatomical ¢. ¢. : ligamentum: 
needed for preciseness: Kr. gives com- 
missura: but see JOINT (1). 

light (suods.): |. The medium of 
vision : 1, lux, licis, /. (any kind of 
light soever): Cic.: Virg. 9. lamen, 
inis, 7. (in this sense, esp. poet. ; though 
found also in prose); the moon is illu- 
mined by the l. of the sun, luna solis 
lumine collustratur, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91: 
to put pictures in a good I., tabulas 
pictas in bono 1. collocare, id. Br. 75, 


TO 


261: Lucr.: Virg. Fig: the l. of the 
soul, 1. animi, Cic. Sen. 12, 41. I. 
That which gives light: 1. lumen 


(either a natural luminary : or a candle, 
lamp, etc.): to put a lL. near one. |. ap- 
ponere, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79: fo call fora 
book and a L., librum cum I. poscere, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 35: Liv. 9. liicerna 
(usu. a lamp): my l. fails me (goes 
out), 1. me deserit, Cic. Att. 7, 7, fin.: 
before the l.s are brought in (= before 
night), ante lucernas, Juv. 10, 339. See 
also LAMP, CANDLE. Ill. Accessibility 
of light: limen: esp. in pl., to denote 
the extent to which a building admits 
the free light: Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179: 
to block up any one’s l., luminibus ali- 
cujus obstruere, Or. pro Dom. 44, 115 : cf. 
supr. (I., 2). IV. An aperture for 
admitting l.: limen: stables do not re- 
quire Ls on the north side, stabula non 
egent Septentrionis luminibus, Pall. 1, 
21: Vitr. V. In painting, as opp. to 
shade: limen: he invented 1. and shade, 
lumen atque umbras invenit, Plin. 35, 
5, 11: Plin. Ep.: comp. Cic. de Or. 3, 
29, Io1, where umbra is opp. to quod 
est illuminatum. Vi. Fig.: public 








view: lux: to bring secret things tol. 
res occultas aperire atque in lucem pro- 
ferre, Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 62. See also Ta 
REVEAL, DISCLOSE. Phr.: to come tol. 
palam fieri, Cic.: Nep.: to see the L 
- a publication), manare, Cic. Vil. 

ig.: wlustration, means of under- 
standing: Phr.: to throw l. upon (ob- 
scuve) things, lumen adhibere rebus, Cic. 
de Or. 32, 13, 50 (lucem afferre, is to 
bring help, id. Man. 12, 33; Att. 2, 1, 1): 
the consuls got more l. upon the matter, 
dilucere res magis consulibus, Liv. 3 
16, init. See also TO ILLUSTRATE, EX- 
PLAIN. Vill. Fig.: construction : 
Phr.: to look at anything in a favour- 
able or unfavourable l., aliquid in miti- 
orem s. deteriorem partem interpretari: 
V. CONSTRUCTION (LV.). 

light (adj.) : |. Not dark: illus- 
tris, e (of rooms, places, etc.): Cic. N. D. 
2, 37, 95 (illustria domicilia): Col. 
Phr.: to become 1., liicescit (-iscit), 3: 
as it began to grow 1. (as day dawned), 
quum lucisceret, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, med. : 
Liv. Comp. dilucescit (to begia to grow 
1.): Cic. Cat. 3, 3, init.: Liv. See also 
BRIGHT. — |J, Of colours, opp. to sombre, 
dark: perh. candidus (of a bright white) : 
vy. FAIR (I.), WHITE. Sometimes dilutus 
(opp. to satur, full or deep in hue) may 
serve: e.g., al. red, dilutus rubor, Plin. 
22, 22, 46: Cels.: also pallidus, albus, 
albidus: v. PALE, WHITE, WHITISH. |]. 
Not heavy: \évis, e (both lit. and fig.): 
Cic.: Hor.: Virg. IV. Of food, easy 
of digestion: lévis (opp. to gravis>: 
Cels. 2, 18, med.: Hor. (= facilis ad con- 
coquendum). V. Of soil; opp. to 
stiff, heavy: résélutus, sdlitus (opp. to 
spissus, densus): Col. 2,2. Yj, Fig.: 


Sree and gay: V. TRIFLING, FRIVOLOUS, 


See also foll. artt. 

light (v.): |. To set light to: ac- 
cendo, di, sum, 3: tol. a lamp, lucernam 
a., Phaedr. 3, 19, 4: Cic. I]. To fur- 
nish with light: illustro, 1: a dungeon 
l.’d by narrow windon s, ergastulum an- 
gustis illustratum fenestris, Col. 1, 6, 
init. Phr.: the hall was ld with 
lamps, *atrium lucernis accensis factum 
est illustre; in atrio lucem praebebant 
lucernae, lychnuchi, funalia (v. LAMP): 
the Campus was l.’d up with torches, col- 
lucebant per Campum faces, Tac. A. 3, 4. 

light upon: offendo, incido, 3: v. 
TO FALL IN WITH. 

——, become: liucisco, 3: v. LIGHT, 
adj. (1.). 

——, make: illustro, collustro: v, 
TO ILLUMINE. 

— of. make: parvi pendo: v. 
LIGHTLY (V.). 

—— armed (adj.): ], lévis ar- 
matirae (gen. of description) : the l. Nu- 
midians, |. armaturae Numidae, Caes, B. 
G. 2,10: ef. ib. 7, 80, expediti (sc. milites) 
l. armaturae, i. e. l.-armed troops without 
baggage or other encumbrance. (N.B— 
Levis armatura freq. occurs as collect. 
subs. = light-armed troops, as distinct 
from the regular infantry : cf. Cic. Br. 
37, init., equites, pedites, 1. armatura: 
Veg.) 2. lévis, e (not in Caes. on 
Cic.): Liv. 8, 8, med. (leves autem, qui 
hastam tantum gaesaque gererent, vo- 
cabantur). 8, leviter armatus: Curt. 
4, 13, ad fin. 

— coloured; albidus: very l. mat- 
ter, albidissimum pus, Cels. 5, 26, 20. 

lighten: A. Trans:  {f, To 
illumine : illustro, collustro: Vv. To ILLU- 
MINE. — [f. Zo make lessheavy: 1, 
lévo, 1 (esp. fig.): to Ll. .a@ journey by 
conversation, viam sermone lL. Virg. 
Aen. 8, 309: to l. cares, molestias 1., 
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 2: Vv. TO RELIEVR. 

2. exonéro, 1 (to wnburden): 
to I. a vessel by throwing part of 
the cargo overboard, navem jactu ex., 
Sen. Rhet.: for which the more usu. 
phr. is jacturam facere, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 
89: in legal lang. more fully, levandae 
navis gratia jactum mercijum facere, 
Lex in Dig. 14, 2, 1: also jactum facere, 
Vulg. Acts xxvii. 18. B, Intrans. 
of lightning: 1. fulgirat, x: Plin 
2, 54, 55: Sen. Also as verb pers., 





’ 


LIGHTER 


with Jupiter as subject: e. g. Jove 
fulgurante, tonante, Augur. phr. in Cic. 
Div. 2, 18, 42. Fig.: of an orator: 
to l. and thunder, f. ac tonare, Quint. 
2, 16, extr. 2. fulgeo, si, 23 also, 
fulgo, 3: if it 1. or thunder, si fulserit, 
3i tonuerit, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 149: with 
Jupiter as subject: e. g. Jove tulgente, 
tonante, Augur. pbr. in Cic. N. D. 2, 
25, fin. Fig.: of an orator: fulgere, 
tonare, Cic. Or. 9, 29. 8, fulmino, 1 
(to strike with sania Sen.: Lact. 
Also impers. = fulgurat, Virg. G. 1, 379. 
lighter: perb. linter: v. BARGE. 
lighterman: ratiarius: Dig. : 
light-fingered: tigax (rare): Cic. 
Att. 6, 3, 1: Fest.s. v. 
light-hearted ; _ biliris, 
CHEERFUL, MERRY. 
light-house: phirus, i, f. (strictly 
the name of an island of Egypt; then 
of a light-house erected upon tt ; and so 
of any such structure): cf. Plin. 36, 12, 
18; Solin. 32, fin. Or expr. by cireumL, 
turris ex qua ignis ostenditur, ad prae- 
nuntianda vada, etc. cf. Plin. 1. ¢.; 
machina ad praelucendi ministerium 
aedificata, Solin. 1. c. 

light-infantry : pedites levis arma- 
turae: Vv. LIGHT-ARMED. 

lightly: |. With Vittle weight: 

1, léviter: to fall more L, levius 
cadere, Caes. B. C. 3, 92: much more 
treq. in fig. sense: v. infr. Q, expr. 
by suspensus (held up ; kept from coming 
down with full force): to pound olives 
1., olivam suspensi mola frangere, Col. 
12, 52: she (ihe cat) stepped l. forth, 
evagata est suspenso pede (lit. om trp- 
toe), Phaedr. 2, 4, 18: cf. Plin. Ep. 6, 12, 
I, suspensa manu (i.e. Lightly patting). 
So, to plough l., tenui suspendere (agrum) 
aratro, Virg. G. 1, 68. Il. Nimbly : 
perh. agiliter, célériter: v. NIMBLY, 
QUICKLY. ||, Not seriously: léviter : 
Vv. SLIGHTLY. IV. Without dejection : 
léviter: esp. in pbr., 1. ferre, to take a 
thing l., care little about it, Cic. Prov. 
Cons. extr. VY. At a low estimate: 
Phr.: to value 1., non magni (parvi) 
pendere, Hor.S. 2, 4, extr.: still stronger, 
tiocci, nibili pendere, facere : v. TO CARE. 

VI. Without thought, for reasons of 
little weight: témére: Iam not wont 1. 
to be angry with my friends, irasci ami- 
cis non t. soleo, Cic. Ph. 8, 5, 16: not to 
believe anything against him lL, ne quid 
de se t. crederent, Sall. Cat. 31. Vil. 
In a gay, wanton manner : perh, lascive, 
or better, lascivius (softened compar.) : 
V. WANTONLY. 

lightness: |. Absence of weight : 
lévitas: of feathers, Lucr. 3, 387: Caes.: 
very oft. in fig. sense: V. LEVITY. Il. 
Wantonness: lascivia, etc.: Vv. WAN- 
TONNESS. 

lightning (subs.) : 1. fulmen, 
inis, m. (with ref. to its destructive e/- 

ects): Romulus was struck by 1, R. 
fulmine ictus est, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47: 
(Phaethon) was burnt up by a flash of 
2, ictu fulminis deflagravit, id. Off. 3, 
25, 94: Virg.: Ov. 2. fulgur, tris, 
m. (strictly, the bright flash: in poets 
and later authors = preced.): cf. Cic. 
Div. 2, 19, 44, where fulgur is expressly 
distinguished from fulmen: Virg.: Hor. 

3, fulghratio (= fulgur: the play 
of electric flame) : Sen. Q. N. 2, 12, init. 

4, fulgor, oris (any flashing light) : 
poet. for fulgur, Luer. 6, 170. 5, ful- 
getrum, or pl. -a (a rare and antiquated 
word, used of continued flashes): Sen. 
Q. N. 2, 56. Phr.: relating to L., ful- 
guralis: ¢.g., f. libri, bools on the import 
of l., Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: one who inter- 
prets |., tulgurator, ib. 2, 53, 10g: to 
strike with 1., fulminare (trans.), Sen. 
Q.N. 2, 23: Lact. 

lightning (adj): fulmineus: 7. 
tusks, f. dentes (apri), Phaedr. 1, 21, 5. 
Phr.: with 1, speed, *incredibili celeri- 
tate, celerius quam cuiquam credibile 
est. 

— conductor: *machina fulmi- 
nibus derivandis; fulminum derivator, 
qui dicitur. 

lights: v. LUNGs. 


etc.: Vv. 


LIKE 


lightsome;: Vv. CHFERFUL, GAY. 
like (adj.) : 1, similis, e (foll. by 
dat. or gen. or absol.); ‘Ter.; Cle.: Liv. 
Prov.: as lL. as tuo peas, non ovum 
tam s. ovo, Quint. 5, 11, 30: in sim. 
sense, Jac lacti [non] magis est simile 
quam ille s. est mibi, PL Am. 2, 1, 57- 
Join: par similisque, Sall. Cat. 14. 
Comps. (1). assimilis (rare): Cic. N. D. 
2,55, init.: Ov. (2). consimilis (stronger 
than similis: every way 1.): usu. with 
dat., Pl. Poen. 4, 2, 2: Cic.: also with 
gen., Cic. de Or. 1, 33, init. (causa cons. 
causarum earum....). (3). persimilis 
(very like): Cic. 9. f 
twin brother : hence, closely resembling, 
like twins): foll. by dat., Cic. in Pis. 7, 
16 (geminum consiliis Catilinae). Join: 
geminus et simillimus, Cic. Verr. 3, 66, 
extr. 3. par, paris (matching): Vv. 
FQuaL (I., 3). Phr.: to return l. for l., 
par (pro) pari referre, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 
553 paria paribus respondere, Cic. Att. 
6,.1,/19: 4, in comp. and superL.: 
propior, proximus: with dat.: more l. 
wickedness than religion, sceleri propius 
quam religioni, Cic. Verr. 4, 50, 112: 
with acc., Sall. Cat. 11, init. (vitium 
propius virtutem, a fault that “leaned 
to virtue’s side”): esp. in superl.: _fic- 
tions as much 1. reality as possible, ficta 
veris proxima, cf. Hor. A. P. 338: Cic. 
5, instar, indecl. neut. subs (esp., 
but not always of comparison with some 
great object): a horse l. (huge as) a 
mountain, i. montis equus, Virg.: as it 
were 1. the soul in the body, tanquam 
animi i. in corpore, Cie. Or. 14, 44: 
so, to show almost 1. a point, quasi 
puncti i. obtinere, id. Tusc. 1, 17, 49. 
Phr.: to be L., *ad alicujus rei simili- 
tudinem accedere; sometimes, referre 
(v. TO RESEMBLE): to make a thing 1. 
something else, aliquid ad alicujus rei 
similitudinem efficere, Caes. B. C. 3, 48: 
in 1. manner, similiter, Cic.: v. foll. art. 
like (adv.): 1, similiter (in like 
manner : to be used with care): rarely 
foll. by dat.: they breed l. them and die 
l. them, s. his pariunt s.que pereunt, 
Plin. 11, 25, 30: oftener foll. by ut, 
atque (ac): ef. Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87, simi- 
liter facere eos....ut si nautae cer- 
tarent...., they acted l. satiors, who 
should quarrel....: comp. id, N. D. 3, 
3, fin., similiter facis ac si me roges.. .- 
9, ritu (abl. of ritus = according to 
the usual manner of: with yen.): Ll. 
brutes they refer everything to enjoy- 
ment, pecudum r. omnia ad voluptatem 
referunt, Cic. Am. 9, 32: to sweep along 
1. a stream, fluminis r. ferri, Hor. Od. 3, 
29, 34: Petr. So médo: 1. slaves, ser- 
vorum modo, Liv. 39, 26, med.: 1. a 
human being, humano m., Cic. Verr. 2, 
2,3, 9. Join: more modoque, Hor. Od. 
4, 2, 29. 3. instar (esp. when com- 
parison is made with any large object) : 
the fences afforded shelter |. a wall, i. 
muri sepes munimenti praebebant, Caes. 
DB. G. 2, 17: also ad instar, Just. 36, 3: 
Flor. 4, vicem, ad vicem, vice (= as 
if taking the place of: with gen.): to 
die in one’s bed l. a Sardanapalus, Sar- 
danapali vicem in lectulo mori, Cic. Att. 
10, 8: Sall. fr.: to be tossed about I. sea- 
weed, algae vice jactari, Plin. 9, 45, 
68: ad vicem, Gell. 5, ceu (esp. in 
similes): J. fire through pine-wood, ceu 
flamma per taedas (sc. equitat), Hor. 
Od. 4, 4. 43: Virg.: l. a criminal, ceu 
noxii solent, Suet. Vitell. 17. So are 
used sicut, veluti: v. AS. Phr.: you 
act 1. yourself, facis ut te decet, Ter. 
Andr. 2, 5, 10; facis nunc ut te facere 
aequum, PI. Mil. 4, 2, 79. 
like (“.): |. Vo be fond of: ik 
expr. by jiivo, i, tum, 1 (fo grve pleasure 
to: with acc. of Eng. subject): if you 
don’t 1. fables, si fabulae te [non] juvant, 
Phaedr. 4, 7, 22: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 1, init. 
9, stiididsus sum (with gen.): Vv. 
ronp. Phr.: J don’t 1, nihil (nil) 
moror: foll. by acc. of object, Hor.: v. 
FOND (I., exir.). See also TO LOVE. I, 
To be disposed for anything: tf you l., 
si placet, bet (with dat. of Eng. sub- 
j ject): to do what one Ls, id quod libet 





géminus (lit. | 





LIME 


(alicui) facere, Cic. Quint. 30, 945 ¥.T0 
PLEASE. 
likelihood: v. Prorasriity 
ikely ; V. PROBABLE, PROBABLY. 
like-minded: concors, rdis* ¥ 


AGREEING. 

liken; assimiilo, compiro. v. To 
COMPARE. 

likeness: |, The being like: simi- 


littido: v. RESEMBLANCE. |, mage: 
1, effigies, Gi: an image in the 1. of 
a human being, simulacrum ef. buman&, 
Tac, H. 2, 3, extr.: Cic. 9. imago, 
inis, f.: to represent the l. of a man, 
hominis i. exprimere, Plin. 35, 12, 44: 
in the l. of God, ad i. Dei, Vulg. Gen. 
20, 8. perh. instar, neut, indecl.: 
in the l.of a camp, ad i. castrorum, Just. 
36, 3: V. LIKE, adj.(5). See also IMAGE, 
PORTRAIT. Phr.: gods arvvayed in the 
1. of men, dii induti specie humana, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 24, 63. 
likewise: 1, item (... 80 too): 
Romulus was an augur, with a brother 
an augur L., Romulus augur, cum fratre 
i. augure, Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107: Liv. 2, 
itidem (more precise and emphatic than 
item): Cic. Part. 22, 77: Caes. 
expr. by idem (when a second predicats 
is to be attached to a subject: cf. L. G. 
§ 375): Caninius your friend and lL. 
mine, C. tuus [idem] et idem noster, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 2, init.: an Academic and 
l. a rhetorician, Academicus et idem 
rhetor, id. N. D. 2, init. 4, similiter 
(in the like way): usu. foll. by ut, ac 
y.LIkk, adv. (N.B—Fac similiter, Vulg. 
Lue. x. 37, is doubtful Latin.) 
liking (subs.): libido, inis, (mer 
irrational propensity) : according to each 
one’s l., prout cuique 1. est, Hor. §.'2;)0; 
67: a Ll. for the lute or for singing, 
citharae, cantus 1., Plin. 30, 2, 5 (but the 
Lat. is stronger than the Eng.): esp. in 
phr. ex 1., according to one’s L., Tac. A. 
4, 46; ad 1. (in slightly diff. sense), Cic. 
Fin. 1, 6, 19: v. CAPRICE. Phr.: the 
wines of that coast are not to my l., 
vina nihil moror illius orae, Hor. Ep. 1, 
15, 16: every one to his l., quot capitum 
vivunt, totidem studiorum millia, id. Sat. 
2, 1, 273 similem habent labra lactu- 
cam, M. Crass. in Hier. (prov.) ; in some- 
what diff. sense, trahit sua quemque 
voluptas, Virg. E. 2, 65 
lilac: *syringa vulgaris (Linn.). 
liliputian: tig. = petty: pusillus: 
Cic.: Juv.: v. LITTLE. 
lily; lilium: Virg.: Plin. Of is, 
liliaceus, e. g. oleum I., oil of Ls, Pall. 
A bed of Ls, \ilietum, Pall. 
of the valley: *convallara 
majalis. 


white ; nearest words candidus, 
nhiveus: V. WHITR. 

limb: |. Of the body: ], mem- 
brum: in this sense usu. pl.: to have 
compact, firmly set Ls, esse compactis 
firmisque m., Suet. Vesp. 20: to consign 
one's Ls to repose, m. sopori dare, Hor. 
Sat. 2, 2, 81: Virg. (N.B.—Esp. freq. 
in poets.) 9, artus, uum (often with 
special ref. to the joints: only of the 
body, whereas membrum is used of other 
structures: Vv. MEMBER): J tremble in 
every J., omnibus a. contremisco, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 26, 121: Virg. Aen. 2, 215. 
Join: membra et artus et viscera, Suet. 
Calig. 29. (N.B.—Artus includes only 
the bony members.) I]. Of Ue sun or 
moon: *pars (?). 

limbed: used only as suffix: expr. 
by membra; well-I., teretibus membris, 
Suet. Caes. 45. 

limber: lentus: 

limbo; limbus: v. Du C.s. v. 

lime (subs.)- |. A mineral sub- 
stance: calx, cis, f.: quick L, c viva, 
Vitr. 8, 6 (7), 8: &@ roast, slake 1. c. 
coquere, exstinguere, id. 2,5, 1: slaked 
l., c. macerata, Plin. 36, 23, 55: © Te- 
stincta, Inscr. in Forcell. |, A clammy 
substance: viscus, viscum: V. BIRDLIME, 

II]. 4 tree: tilia; Virg.: Col. Made 

of 1.-wood, tiliagineus, Col. 

lime (v.): |. To smear with bird- 
lime: visco illino: v.TO BESMEAR. = {f 
To ensnare* illaqueo, etc.: V. TG EN 
445 








V. PLIANT. 


LIME-BURNER 





SNARE. (Virg. has fallere visco, G. 1, 
I 39.) ¥ 

ime-burner: calcarius: Cato R. R. 
14, 
limed (part. adj.): viscatus: a 1. 
twig, virga v., Varr. R. R. 3, 7, med. 

lime-kiln; calcaria fornax: Cato 
R. R. 38. or simply, calcaria, Ulp. Dig. 
48, 19, 8 § Io. 

lime-stone: calx (lime before or 
after jiring): Cato PB. R. 16: more 
precisely *lapis calcarius, saxum cal- 
carium. 

limit (subs.): 1, finis, médus, 
terminus: Vv. BOUND (suwbs.). BOUNDARY. 
Join: finis et modus, Cic. 9. cir- 
cumseriptio: Cie. Yo set I.s to (1). finio, 
4: to set Ls to the exercise of the passions, 
e™piditates f., Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64: also, 
finire modum alicui rei, id. Leg. 2, 26, 66. 
(2). termino, 1 (less treq.): v. TO LIMIT. 

limit (v.): 1. finio, 4: Cic.: v. 
preced. art.; aud TO BOUND. 9. cir- 
cumscribo, psi, ptum, 3 (usu. within 
narrow bounds): to l. or define one’s 
prerogative by boundaries, terminis qui- 
busdam c. ac definire jus suum, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 16, 70: Plin. 3, termino, 
1: to 1. glory by (certain) boundaries, 
finibus gloriam t., Cic. Sen. 23, 82. Phr.: 
fo 1. (the orator) to a narrow range, in 
angustum gyrum compellere, Cic. de Or. 
3, 19, 70: to Ll. oneself in anything, 
vertos sibi fines terminosque constituere, 
sextra quos egredi non possit], Cic. 
Quint. 10, 35. 

limitation : 1, circumscriptio: 
Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 21. Or expr. by verb: 
Vv. LIMIT. 2. exceptio (a special ex- 
ception with respect to anything) : to be 
praised with a 1, cum ex. laudari, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13: without any 1, nullis 
exceptionibus, l’ac. G. 44. 

limited (adj.) : 1, expr. by verb: 
a l, monarchy, *reipublicae (civitatis) 
genus in quo regis (summi magistrattis) 
potestas certis legibus finitur. (From 
the use of the adv. finite, it would seem 
that finitus must have been used as 
adj.) 2. circumcisus (by narrow 
bounds : rare): what is so l.as human 
life, quid tam c., tam breve quam homi- 
nis vita? Plin. 3, 7, 11. 8. expr. by 
brévis, parvus, infirmus, ete., acc. to the 
nature of the subs. to be qualified: e, g. 
1. time, breve empus ; J. resources, par- 
vae (exiguae) opes ; l. strength, infirmae 
vires [cf. naturae infirmitas, owr 1. na- 
tural powers, Sall. Jug. 1, med.J: v. 
SMALL, INSIGNIFICANT, etc. Phr.: my 
U. abilities, medivcritas nostra, Vell. 2, 
111. 

limitedly: finité: Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27. 

limitless ; immensus, infinitus: v. 
UNBOUNDED. etc. 

limn: imaginem alicujus rei ex- 
primno, pingo: v. TO PAINT, REPRESENT. 

limner: pictor: v. PAINTER. 

limp (v.): claudico, 1; claudeo, 2: 
Vv. TO HALT. 

limp (subs.) : expr. by verb: v. pre- 
ved. art. See also LAMENESS, 
limpet: lépas, adis, f.: Pl. Rud. 2, 
5k 
limpid: 
lake, |. lacus, Cat. 4, 24. 
V. LIQUID, CLEAR. 

limping (adj.): claudus: v. LAME. 

limpidness, limpidity: expr. by 
adjj. liquidus, pellicidus, etc.: v. CLEAR, 
Liquip. (Limpitudo, Plin., a word 
formed inaccurately.) 

limy: |. Covered with bird-lime : 
Viscatus* Vv. LIMED. [j. Impregnated 
with lime: *calcis plenus, calcis non- 
nihil immixtam babens. 

linch-pin; *axis clavis (Kr.); axis 
fibula (R. and A.). 

linden-tree: tilia: v. Lime (II1.). 

line (subs.): | Geometrical : linea: 
al. is length without breadth, 1. est lon- 
gitudo sine latitudine, Front. Goes. p. 31: 
a right or curved L., |. recta, flexuosa, ib. 
p. 32: to be carried downwards in a 
straight l., terri deorsum ad L., Cic. Fin. 
1,6, 18: Vitr.: to draw a L., 1. ducere, 
Quint. 2,6, 2; 1. scribere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
39, 113 (but the former expr. is more 

440 


I 
1, limpidus (rare): a 1. 
2. liquidus: 


LINEAL 


usual); '. deducere, Plin. I]. Uni- 
Sorm directiin: végio, Onis, f.: to turn 
aside from the straight 1, (fig.), de recta 
| regione deflectere, Cic. Verr. 5, 68, 176: 
to get beyond the Ll. of the camp, r. cas- 
trorum superare, Caes. B.C. 1,69. (N.B. 
—Cic. has e regione, absol.=in a straight 
l., Fat. 9, 18: but e regione foll. by gen. 
|=right over against.) Phr.: in a l. 
(with), in ver-um, Virg. G. 4, 144; *recto 
ordine, recta linea, ad lineam (Kr.): ef. 
supr. (1). Ill. 4 limit: modus, 
finis: v. BOUND. IV. 4 cord: linea 
(primary sense of the word): a long L, 
1, longa, Col 5 1. longinqua, Plin. V. 
Of a poem or other bool: versus, tis: 
Cic. Att. 2, 16, 3: to count Ls and syl- 
lables (of a letter), v. syllabasque nu- 
|merare, Plin. Ep. 4, 11, extr. Vi. 
Meton. = words: esp. in phr., a few Ls, 
to dropal.: Phr.: I will write a few 
ls in reply to your letter, pauca ad tuas 
litteras rescribam, ef. Cic. Ait. 1, 10, 1: 
I have not had a single |. from you, 
|nullas a vobis acceperam (litteras), ib. 
3, 31: [have scarcely time for so hasty 
|a@ l.as this, vix huic tantulae epistolae 
|tempus hahebam, ib 1, 14,1: drop me 
| al. about it, fac ut sciam, ib. 2, 6, extr.: 
I dropped him a 1. to say..., cui ego 
scripsi (with ace. and inf.), ib. 7, 3, extr. 
| (N.B.—Versus, pl. may be used with 
| ref. to certain lines or parts of a letter: 
e. g. primis versibus, in the jirst few Ls 
of a letter, Cic. Att. 2,16, 3: but never 
to dente a letter as a whole.) Vil. 
In military sense: (i). of an army 
diaun up: (tl). acies, @i: the hastati 
formed the front 1. prima a. hastati 
erant, Liv. 8, 8: to draw up an army 
in three l.s, triplicem a. instruere, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 51: the rear L, a. novissima, 
extrema, Liv. 8, to. (2). the front L., 
principia, orum: Liv. L. c.: immediately 
in the rear of the front 1., post p., Sall. 
Jug. 50: Tac. (3). frons, ntis, f. (the 
entire front as a military disposition : 
principia denotes the fighting men in the 
Jront): to advance in even 1, aequa f. 
procedere, Liv. 36, 44. Phr.: to form 
in l. of battle (of troops), ordinatos con- 
sistere, Nep. Iph. 2; explicare ordinem 
(of ships), Liv. 37, 29 (v. TO DEPLOY): 
to form ships in1., naves suo quamque 
ordine in fromtem instruere, Liv. 1. ¢. 
(v. TO DRAW UP, III.; ORDER). (ii). 
usu. pl., military works, entrenchments : 
munitiones, Caes. B. C. 3, 62, sqq.: also 
munimenta, orum: v. INTRENCHMENT. 
Phr.: to be within the Ls, i.e. be with 
the army, in praesidiis esse, Cic. Lig. 
9, 28; also intra praesidia esse, Liv. 38, 
II. (iii). of march: agmen, inis, n.: 
| they closed the 1. of march, i. e. brought 
up the rear, agmen claudebant, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 25. So of ships: the king’s 
Sleet advancing in a long 1, regia classis 
longo a. veniens, Liv. 37, 29. Vill. 
Grenealuyical : linea: cf. Paul. Dig. 38, 
10, 9, oTé“mata cognationum directo 
limite in duas lineus separantur: the 
ascending, descending l., |. superior, in- 
ferior, ib.: imdirect or collateral 1. of 
descent, transversa 1., ib.: direct 1., 
ascending or descending, recta 1. sur- 
sum versum vel deorsum tendentium, 
ib. 38 10,10§ 9. See also SIDE. IX. 
Of a ship: only pl.: Phr.: to lay 
down the l.s of a ship well, bene line- 
atam carinam collocare, Pl. Mil. 3, 3, 42 
(see the place). 

line (v.): Phr.: to I. a garment 
with wool, *vestem introrsus lana ob- 
ducere: he had the entire streets l.d with 
troops, omne iter militaribus praesidiis 
sepsit, Tac. A. 14, 43. (N.B.- Subsuere 
vestem is to sew a border to a gar- 
ment.) 

lineage: 1, stirps, pis, f. (lit. 
trunk ; hence origin): ignorance of 
one’s L., stirpis generisque ignoratio, Cic. 
Am. 19, 70: of divine 1, divinae s., 
Virg. 2, génus: v. DESCENT (2). 8, 
progénies, Gi: to trace one’s l. to any 
one, p. ab aliquo proferre, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 
48. Join: ortus et progenies, Cic. Tusc. 
I, 12, 26. 

lineal: Pbhr.: to be a lI. descendant 





LINT 





of any one, recta linea ab aliquo genus 
ducere: cf. tine (VLiL.). 

lineament; lineamentum: vy. FEA- 
TURE (l.). 

linear: linearis, e (consisting of 
lines): l. drawing, pictura 1, Plin. 35, 
3, 5. Phr.: Ul. perspective, frontis et 
laterum abscedentium adumbratio, ad 
circinique centrum omnium linearum 
responsus, Kr. e Vitr. lib. 4, pref. § 11: 
V. PERSPECTIVE. 

linen (subs.): 1, linteum textum: 
1. is the purest attire for veliyious pur- 
poses, 1. textum purissimum est rebus 
divinis velamentum, Apul. Apol.: also 
simply linteum, Plin. 1y, 1, 4: but lin- 
teum usu. denotes a piece of l., a 
linen cloth: to bruise through coarse l. 
(@ coarse cloth), terere per crassum l., 
ib. 21, £8, 73: wares concealed under 
paper and 1. (wrappings), merces chartis 
et linteis celatae, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 40. 

2, lintva vestis (drapery consist- 

ing of linen): (they brought forward) 
frankincense, perfumes, and l., tus atque 
odores vestesque 1. Cic. Verr. 5, 56, 146. 
(N.B.—lIn lik: manner, linea vestis, Plin. 
12, 6,135 lineus amictus, the latter only of 
external clothing, Yac.G.17.) 3, linum 
(flax . hence poet. cloth made of it): a 
bag made of very fine l., reticulum tenu- 
issimo l., Cic. Verr. 5, 11, init.: robed in 
L., lino velatus, Virg. Aer. 12,120. 4, 
in like manner are used, byssus, i, /. 
(denciing a very fine kind of flaz or 
linen), carbasns, i, f. (also a fine kind); 
with adjj. byssinus, carbaseus or carba- 
sinus: jine 1., vestis byssina, tenui 
bysso texta, Apul.: they wear L., reach- 
ing to the feet, corpora usque pedes car- 
baso velant, Curt. 8, 9, post med. 

linen (adj.): linteu-, lineus: y. pre- 
ced. art. A L.-cloth, linteum; dimin. 
linteolum: Plin. 

linendraper: lintearius: Ulp. Dig. 
14, 3, 5 § 4 (where the lintearii are men- 
tioned along with the vestiarii): also 
linteo, Pl. Aul. 3, 5, 38: Inscr. The 
trade of a 1., liniearia: Ulp. Dig. 

linen7rapery : lintea, orum; lintea 
vestis ; V. LINEN (subs.). 

linger: moror, 1: why l. I behind, 
quid mvror? Hor, Od. 2, 17,6: v. To 
DELAY. 

lingerer: cunctator: Cic.: Liv. Or 
expr. by inperf. part. of cesso, cunctor, 
etc.: Vv. TO DELAY. 

lingering (adj.):_ 1, cunctabundus 
(only of persons): Liv. 6, 7, med. - 
tardus: the 1. nights (of winter), t. 
noctes, Virg. Aen. 2, 482: v. SLOW. 
Phr.: a l. disease, diuturnus morbus, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 35, init.; longa valetudo, 
Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4: I entertained a 1. hope, 
adhuc spécula quadam sustentabar, cf. 
Cic. Fam. 2, 16 (hac tamen oblectabar 
specula). 

lingering (suvbs.): cunctatio, morae: 
V. DELAY. 

lingeringly: cunctanter: Liv.: or 
expr. by cunctabundus (cf. L. G. § 343). 

lingvist ; *multarum linguarum per- 
itus (homo). 

linguistic: Phr.: 1. science, *ser- 
nionis normae rationisque scientia ; lin- 
guistica, quae apud nostrates appellatur. 

liniment;: linitus, is: only found 
in abl. : it ts a remedy against (the bite 
of) serpents, whether taken, or used as @ 
l., praevalere contra serpentes, potu et 
L, Plin. 20, 12, 47. Or expr. by illino: 
thus Cels. renders Gr. éyxpiota, by 
liquida quae illinuntur, 5, 24, 3 (M. L. 
linimenta, id. ed. Milligan, p. 226). 

lining (subs.): v. TO LINE. 

link (suods.): |. Gf @ chain 
anntilus: Mart. 3, 29. [|]. 4 bond 
vinctilum: ls of harmony, concordiae 
vincula, Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117. lll. 4 
torch: finale, is, 2.: v. TORCH. + 

link (v.): 1, connecto: 3: v. To 
CONNECT. Q, jiigo, 1: all the virtues 
are l.d together, omnes virtutes inter 
se nexae et jugatae sunt, Cie usc. 3, 
8, 17. 

linnet: *fringilla cannabina (Linn.) 

linseed: lini semen: v. FLAX. 

lint: linamentuimn: Cels 





LINTEL 


LITERALLY 








lintel; limen sipérum (or superius, | 


Forcell.) ; Pl. Mere. 5, 1, 1: or simply 
limen: Vitr. 6, 6 (9), 7: Juv. (Super- 
limen is the space above the lintel.) 

lion: leo, Onis, m.: Virg.: Hor.: 
Pliv. Of a 1, lion's, leoninus: e. g. 
a L.'s skin, pellis 1. Plin. 

lioness: leaena: Virg.: Plin. (Poet. 
lea, Lucr. 5, 1317: Ov.) 

lion-hearted: nearest word perh. 
magninimus (high-souled): Virg. 

lionlike: ledninus: of 1. appearance, 
specie leonina: cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 
med. (where the ref. however is merely 
to colour). 

lip: |. Of a human being: iL 
labrum: the upper, lower 1, |. superius, 
inferius, cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 14: to move 
the l.s (speale inaudilly), |abra movere, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 60: to keep the Ls closed, 
1. comprimere, id. S. 1, 4,138. Dimin. 
labellum, a little l., as of an infant, Cic. 
Div. 1, 36, init. (prob. only pl. in prose): 
and esp. as an endearing expr., Ov. A. A. 
1, 575: Pl. 2. labium (a rare word, 
esp. in prose): drooping | s, demissa L., 
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 44: to cure chapped L.s, 
labiorum fissuris mederi, Plin. 29, 3, 
11 § 46. (N.B—Labium seems chiefly 
to used of lips im some way wn- 
sightly : hence, labiosus, thick-lipped, 
luer. 4, 1165.) 3. labiae, arum (the 
lips: rare and nearly obsol): the tips 
of the lips, primores 1., Nigid. in Gell. 
lo, 4: Pl. St. 5, 4, 41 (al. labia pro 
labias). Phr.: the thing is on every- 
body’s Ls, in ore est omni populo, Ter. 
Ad. 1, 2, 13: so whenever the word lips 
is used with ref. to speech, os must be 
employed to represent it (never labra) : 
nothing ill-advised fell from his Ls, 
nihil non consideratum exibat ex ore, 
Cic. Br. 76, 265: also, ex ore excidere (to 
do so hastily, thoughtlessly), id. Sull. 26, 
2: ’twixt cup and l., inter os et offam 
multa intervenire posse), Cato in Gell. 
13, 17, init. Il. Gf @ vessel: it; 
labrum: e. g. of a jar (dolii), Cato R. R. 
107: Plin. 2, Ora (rim): Lucr. 4, 12. 

ip + usu. as suffix: thick-l., labi- 

osus, Lucr. 4, 1165 (labrosus in quite 
diff. sense = furnished with a lip, Cels. 
4, 26, 2, fin.); turgidis labris, Mart. 6, 
39, 8: also, labev, onis, cf. Charis. 1, 
719: Ahoney-l. (fig.), perh. mellitus: v. 
NONEYED. 

lip-salve: *unguentum labrorum 
fissuris utile. 

lip-service: nearest word, obsé- 
quium: v. OBSEQUIOUSNESS. 

liquefy : liquéfacio, 3: v. TO MELT. 

liquid (adj.): |, Flowing: liquidus 


less freq. liq-): cf. Lucr. 2, 452, flu:do | 


quae corpore liquida constant, i. e. they 
are liquid, because consisting of par- 
ticles that move frely about: l. per- 
fumes, 1. odores, Hor. See also FLUID. 
Il. Clear, transparent: 1, liquidus 
th of fluid bodies and sounds): L. 
, 1. mel, Virg. G. 4, 101: the l. 
aether, 1. aether, Virg. Of sounds, 1. 
vox, Virg. G. 1, 410: Hor.: v. CLEAR. 
Q. pellicidus: v. TRANSPARENT. 
liquid (subs.): |. Generically : 
quod liquidum est; quod liquido corpore 
constat: v. preced. art. (1.). Il. Spe- 
cifically, any given watery substance: 
1, liquor: the vine-bred l. (=wine), 
l. vitigenus, Lucr. 5, 14: Virg. (esp. 
a trickling fluid, Virg. G. 3, 484, flui- 
dus liquor, sc. tabis). 2. humor, 
latex (latter chiefly poet.): v. FLUID 
(subs.). 
liquidate; solvo, persolvo, 3: v. 
TO PAY. 
liquidity : liquor: Luer. 
(primary quality of water): Cic. 
liquor: |, In gen. sense: latex, 
humor, liquor: v. LIQUOR, FLUID (subss.). 
||. Intoxicating : no generic term: 
Vulg. Lue. i. 15, has sicera (Gr. otxépa): 
cf. Isid. Or. 20, 3, s. v.. where it is de- 
fined as, omnis potio quae (extra vinum), 
inebriare potest. 
liquorice: v. LIcoRIce. 
lisp (v.): nearest expr., blaesa voce 
loquor, cf. Ov. A. A. 3, 294 See also 
LIsSPD'G (adj.). 


I, 454 








|v, LETTER (IL). 


lisp, lisping (subs.): os blaesum, 
Mart. 10, 65, 10. 
lisping (a/j.): blaesus: v. preced. 
artt. Also balbus is used of any defect 
of speech vhith prevents articulation: 
cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 260, where it is ap- 
plied to Demosthenes, who was unable 
to articulate the letter R. 
list (subs.): |. Roll, catalogue : 
1, index, icis, m.: cf. Plin. Ep. z, 5, 
2, where it is used of a l. of books: 
Quint. 9. tibiila (gen. term: any 
paper or document): cf. Pl. Rud. prol. 
21, bonos in aliis tabulis exscriptos: 
Liv.: v. infr. See also INVENTORY. 
Phr.: to stiike any ove’s name out of 
the l. of senators, aliquem de senatu 
movere, Cic. Cl. 43, 1223 so, tribu mo- 
vere, to remove a nume from the l. of a 
tribe, Liv. 24, 18: also more lit., nomen 
alicujus ex tabulis excerpere, Liv. Lc. 
Il. Of expenses: Phr.: the civil l., 
perh. reipublicae domestici sumptus : 
Vv. EXPENSE. II. An enclos-d field : 
curriciilum, spitium: terms used of the 
race-courses of antiquity. Phr.: to 
enter the ls, *in commissione prodire, 
cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 6; with Gierig’s 
note. 
list (v.): libet, 2, impers.: v. TO 
PLEASE, LIKE (II.). See also TO LISTEN. 
listen: |. To attend in order to 
hear: 1, ausculto,1: tol.at the door, 
ad fores a, Pl. Truc. 1, 2,1: l. to me, 
mihi ausculta! Cic. R. Am. 36, 104. 
Also subausculto, to l. secretly, unob- 
served, id de Or. 2, 36, jin.: Pl. PA. 
audio, 4: Vv. TO HEAR. 3. aucipo, 1 
(slily): Pl. Most. 2, 2, 42 (Sermonem a.). 
Phr.: 1. to the plot, accipe rationem 
doli [quam institui]! Pl.: l. kindly (to 
the play), adeste aequo animo, Ter. Andr. 
prol. 20: to l. most eagerly to any one’s 
praises, avidissimis auribus laudes ali- 
cujus excipere, Plin. Ep. 4, 19, 3. ll. 
To yield to: J, ausculto, 1 (with dat.: 
collog.): Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12: PL. yn). 
audio, 4: nor do I I. to Homer, when he 
says..., nec Homerum audio, qui ait..., 
Cic. Tuse. 1, 26, 65: I wish I had ld to 
your most friendly advice, vellem te 
audisse amicissime monentem, Cic. Att. 
1,1, 2. See also TO HEAR (III). 
listener: |. One who pays atten- 
tion to: expr. by verb: v.10 LISTEN (1.). 
Il. One who watches to catih what 
is said: auceps sermonis, cf. Pl. Mil. 4, 
1,9. Phr.: look round and see if there 
are any ls, circumspice, numquis est, 
sermonem nostrum qui aucupet, Pl. Most. 
Py The es 
listless: 1, languidus (lacking 
life and energy): to be somewhat l. 
about a cause, languidiore esse studio in 
aliqua re, Cic. Lig. 9, 28. Join- lan- 
guidus atque iners, id. Sen. 8, 26. pi 
rémissus (slack, wanting vigour): L. 
(careless) in canvassing, in petendo r., 
Cic. Mur. 26, 52. Esp. with preced.: 
remissus ac languidus [animus], Caes. 
B. C. 1, 21: Sall.: v. foll. art. Si 
lentus: v. coor (III.), INDIFFERENT. See 
also INACTIVE, INDOLENT. 
listlessly ; languidé: Caes. B. G. 7, 
27 (languidius in opere versari); Col. Or 
expr. by circuml., remisso ac languido 
animo: v. preced. art. See also INDO- 
LENTLY. 
listlessness: 1. languor (cf. pre- 
ced. artt.): Cic. Or expr. by languidus: 
(the case) left no room for l., nihil lan- 
guidi neque remissi patiebatur, Sall. Jug. 
53: sometimes circuml. with animus 
will serve: cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 21. i" 
inertia, socordia, etc.: V. INDOLENCE, IN- 
ACTIVITY. 
litany; litania (Gr. Acraveca): Sidon.: 
v. Du C. s. v. 
literal; Phr.: to give al. transla- 
tion, verbum verbo reddere, Hor. A. P. 
133: such a translation, *interpretatio 
ad verbum facta (translatio=metuphor): 
the 1. meaning of a word, verbi sensus 
proprius (opp. to translatus, per trans- 
lationem acceptus), cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 
149; see also foll. art. 
literally: ad litteram, ad verbum: 
Phr.: to take any- 




























thing 1. or figuratively, *quod scriptum 
est ex proprio verborum sensu aut per 
translationem accipere . cl. FIGURATIVE, 

literary: 1. expr. by littérae, 
arum: 1. pursuits or tastes, studia littee 
rarum, Cic. Arch. 2,3 to /ead al life, 
aetatem agere in L, id. Leg. 2, 1, 3: my 
l. pursutts, 1. meae, id. Ph. 2, 8,20: v. 
LITERATURE. 9. littératus (conver- 
sant with literature): a !. man (= man 
of letters), homo L., Cic. Mur. 7,16: Sen.: 
V. LEARNED (4). (N.B. Aliteraryman 
in modern sense is rather litterator, cf 
Suet. Gr. 4.) 

literature : 1. littérae, arum: 
to know nothing of 1., \. nescire, Cic. Br. 
74,259; stronger, nullas «omnine L nosse, 
id. Ph. 2, 8, 20: possessed of extensive 
and profound knou ledge of |., raultis L 
et iis reconditis et exquisitis, id. Br. 72, 
252: cf. preced. art.(1). 2, hgimanitas 
(refined culture generally): Vv. REFINE- 
MENT. (N.B.—Sometimes the Eng. word 
is used to denote published matter in- 
discriminately, in which sense litterae 
should not be used, but rather Libri.) 

lithe. lithesome: flesilis, flexibilis: 
V. FLEXIBLE, SUPPLE. Phr.: I am quick 
of hand, lithesome of limb, sum pernix 
manibus, sum pedes mobilis, Pl. Mil. 3, 





I, 35. 

lithograph: *pictura lithographica 
(quae dicitur). 

lithographer: *lithographus. 

lithography : *pictura lithographica, 

lithotomy : sectio ad calculos vesicae 
eximendos: cf. Cels. 7, 26. As scient, 
t. t., *lithotomia (Gr. AcBorouia). 

litigant: litigator: Quint. 6, 1, 25, 
etc.: or, in all cases except nom. sing., 
pres. part. of litigo: Plin. 1g, 1, 6.(velis 
forum inumbrant, ut salubrius litigantes 
consisterent). 

litigate: litigo, 1: Cic. Fam. 9, 25: 

nint. 


litigation ; expr. by verb: v. preced. 
art. itigium only Pl.; and litigatio 
without authority.) 

litigious: litigiosus: Cic. Verr. 2,2. 
14, fin. 

litigiousness: “litigandi libido s. 
cacoethes. 

litter (subs.): |. The vehicle: lec- 
tica: to ride in a l., lectica ferri, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 11, init.; portari, id. Ph. 2, 24, 
init. (de muliere); vebi, Juv. Dimin. 
lecticula: he was borne on al. into the 
Senate-house, lecticula in curiam delatus 
est, Cic. Div. 1, 25, 55 (appy- =lectica) » 
Liv. I]. Of straw, etc.: stramentum, 
esp. pl.: V. Gesn. Lex. Rust.s.v. Fig.: 
there was al. of papers on the ground, 
*humi passim chartae confuse jacebant. 

IN. Of young : fetus, us: to bring 

forth six kids at a l., sex haedos uno f. 
edere, Cic.: to have many young atal., 
multiplices f. procreare, id. N. 1). 2, 51, 
128: (a sow) with a l of 30, triginta 
capitum fetus enixa, Virg. Aen. 8, 44. 

litter (v.): |, To cover with litter . 
substerno, 3: V. TO STREW. ll. To 
tring forth young: pario, Enitor: v 
TO BRING FCRTH: and comp. preced. 
art. (111.). 

little (adj.): ], parvus, minor, 
minimus: passim. Dimin. parvulus, 
very little (esp. with ref. to age): Ter.: 
Cic. 9. exiguus (very smoll, tiny). 
the l. mouse, ex. mus, Virg. G. 1, 181 
Cic. ¥ery L, perexiguus: very L corn 
p. frumentum, Caes. B.C. 3, 42. Si 
piisillus (diminutive): a land of 
Rome, quasi p. Roma, Cic. Att. 5. 2: 
Juv.: Vv. SMALL. 4, paulus, very 
rare as adj.; more freq. in dimin. form: 


| paululus: both horses and men 1. and 


slender, equi hominesque paululi et gra- 
ciles, Liv. 35, 11, med. (Cic. would have 
preferred pusillus v. supr.). 5, mi- 
nutus: v.sMaLL. Phr.: foral. while, 
(in) breve (mot parvum) tempus; more 
freq. and idiomatic, parumper (jor @ 
few moments), Cic. Att. 9, 4, /in.: Ter.: 
or, paulisper, Caes. B. G. 3, 5 (paulisper 
intermittere proelium, where parumper 
would be less proper. paulisper is posi- 
tive in meaning; parumper, negative 
=not more than a moment or two): 


447 


LITTLE, A LITTLE 


little people (in stature), homines sta- 
tura breves, Quint. 2, 3, 8. See also 
LITTLE (subs.). (N.B.— Little is otten 
denoted in Lat. by a dimin. word: e. g. 
al. child, parvulus ; a little man, a man- 
nikin, homuncio, homullus; a 1. estate, 
praediolum; l. savings, vindemiolae, etc. : 
where see the several subss.) 


little, a little (adv.): 


1, paulum 


(a little: a positive word; whereas | f 


parum is negative, only a little, less than 
should be): Cic. Dimin. paululum, just 
al.,Cic.: Quint. 2, parum (v. supr.): 
to trust l. (not to trust), p. credere, Caes. 
BiG) 25932's (ve (NOT: 3, nonnihil 
(somewhat): Cic. Fam. + 14, I. 4, 
Aliquantilum: just a l. sad, a. sub- 
tristis, Ter. Andr. 2, 6, 16. Pbr.: to 
value l., parvi facere: v. LIGHTLY. See 
also SOMEWHAT. 
little (subs.): 1, paulum: (1). 
foll. by part. gen. =a small quantity : 
a 1. pounded salt, p. triti salis, Col.: 
Hor. (2). of time: a littlek=a short 
time: to rest a l. (awhile), p. requi- 
escere, Cic. de Or. 1, fin. (3). of degree: 
a little=to some extent: your letters 
encourage me a L., epistolae tuae me p. 
recreant, Cic, Att. 9, 6, med. (4). in 
abl. paulo, with comparatives, to denote 
the degree in which: not a 1. better, 
haud paulo melior, Cic. Att. 2, 12, fin.: 
Quint. 2, parum (but little, less than 
should be: with part. gen.): but I. wis- 
dom, p. sapientiae, Sall. Cat. 5. See 
also LITTLE, adv. (2). 3. exiguum 
(a very 1.): al. space, ex. spatii, Liv. 22, 
24, med.: they add a I. honey, ex. mellis 
adjiciunt, Plin. 28, 9, 37 § 139: to sleep 
very l., ex. dormire, Plin. 10, 77,97. 4. 
nonnihil: v.soMEWHAT. 6, Aliquan- 
tillum (just a 1.): spare yourself a L., 
al. tibi parce, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 11. In 
Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20=multum (tronicé). 
(N.B.—The above are used only in nom. 
and acc. in part. sense. ) 
little-minded : pusilli, parvi, s. an- 
usti animi: cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 17, jin.; 
ff. 1, 20, 68. 
littleness: parvitas, exiguitas: v. 
LLNESS. 
liturgic: *liturgicus: as ¢. ¢. 
liturgy : *liturgia: as ¢. ¢. Phr.: to 
use a L., *certis quibusdam divini cultus 
carminibus uti. 
live (v.): |. Zo be alive: at 
vivo, xi, ctum, 3: Pl.: Cic. A Foy Wee 8 
vivere ac spirare, Cic. Sext. 50, 108. 
Q, spiro, 1 (to breathe: q.v.): Vv. 
supr. Il. Zo sustain life by food: 
1, vivo, 3 (with abl.): tol. on fish, 
piscibus v., Caes. B. G. 4, to, fin. : Hor. 
9. vescor, 3 (ta use for food: with 
abl.) : I 1. on milk, cheese, flesh, lacte, 
caseo, carne vescor, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 90. 
3, vitam téléro, 1 (with abl. of that 
on which: implying scant or homely 
fare): Col. 10, pref. ‘See also 70 war. 
Il]. Zo dwell in a certain place: 
1, hibito, 1: to 1. under-ground, 
sub terra h., Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95: to l. 
in any one’s house, apud aliquem h., 
id.: tol. up three pair of stairs (in an 
attic), sub tegulis h., Suet. Gr.g. Freq. 
with acc.: Vv. TO INHABIT. 2. vivo, 
xi, ctum, 3 (prob. always with some 
reference to the manner of life): Conon 
ld a great deal at Cyprus, Conon plu- 
rimum Cypri vixit, Nep. Chab. 3: 
to l. with (in the company of) any one, 
cum aliquo v., Cic. in Pis. 28, 68. 
IV. Zo spend one's life in a certain 
way : 1, vivo, 3: esp. with such 
advv. as bene, honeste, turpiter, etc.: 
Cic. pass.: tol. in conformity with na- 
ture, v. convenienter naturae, Cic. Off. 
Fs, Ese 9. expr. by ago, dégo, vivo, 
with vitam, aetatem, etc.: to l. most 
virtuously and honourably, vitam sanc- 
tissime honestissimeque agere, Cic. Ph. 
9,7, 15: lo 1. most miserably, v. miserri- 
mam degere, id. Sull.27, 75 : to L. in soli- 
tude, v. in solitudine agere, id. Fin. 3, 20, 
init.: also v. exigere, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 
39: to l. safely, v. tutam vivere, Cic. 
err. 2, 2, 47, 118 (a less freq. constr.) : 
to l. a Viterary life, aetatem agere in 
litteris, id. Leg. 2, 1, 3: to l. all one’s 
448 








LO 


life free from pain, degere omnem aeta- 
tem sine dolore, id. Fin. 2, 35, 118. less 
freq. aetatem gerere, Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 
4, 5, 2. V. To get one’s living: v. 
LIVELIHOOD. 

live (adj.): vivus: v. LIVING (adj.). 

livelihood: victus, us: to get one’s 
1. by any means, aliqua re v. quaeritare, 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 48 (v. quaerere, to search 
or food, Phaedr. 3, 16, 4). Phr.: to get 
a (scant) l. by manual labour, manuum 
mercede inopiam tolerare, Sall. Cat. 37: 
cf. Ulp. Dig. 50, 16, 203, se tolerare, to 
get one’s 1, support oneself. 

liveliness: perh. argiitiae, arum: 
cf. Plin. 35, 10, 36 § 67 (where argutiae 
vultus denotes lively play of expression 
in the features): or sometimes, festivitas 
(pleasantry, easy grace and charm); or 
expr. by adj.: v. LiveLty. See also 
CHEERFULNESS, LIFE (LV.). 

livelong (adj.): nearest word, totus, 
which represents the Eng. in a prosaic 
manner: in Tennyson, “to break the 
livelong summer day,” represents Hor.'s 
morantem saepe diem fregi, Od. 2, 7. 7: 
cf. id. Od. 1, 1, 20, partem de die solido 
demere, where the epith. implies that 
the unbroken day is given to a certain 
object: so Sen. Ep. 83, 2, hodiernus dies 
solidus est: totus inter stratum lectio- 
nemque divisus est: where the time is 
not pleasurably prolonged, tardus or 
longus may serve: Vv. TEDIOUS. 

lively: |. Full of life and ani- 
mation : 1 végétus (fresh and full 
of life): bright, l. eyes, nigri v.que 
oculi, Suet. Caes. 45: but the word 
mostly expresses more than the Eng. : 
vy. vigorous. Q, Alacer, cris, cre (cheer- 
ful, brisk, full of spirit; being nearly 
=acer): I. (cheerful) and in good spirits, 
a. atque laetus, Cic. Mur. 24, 49: rarely 
of things, a J. pleasure, a. voluptas, 
Virg. E. 5, 58. 8. lépidus, festivus 
(the former denoting an easy, graceful 
mammner ; the latter, pleasantry and power 
of amusing converse): V. GRACEFUL, 
PLEASANT. 4, perh. argiitus (quick, 
smart): ef. Cic. Leg. 1,9, 27, oculi nimis 
arguti, where he refers to the quick, 
lively expressiveness of the eyes. Il. 
Of colours, bright, gay: végéetus: very 
1. hue, vegetissimus color, Plin. 21, 8, 22. 

liver: jécur, jécdris; also, jécinoris 
or jocinoris, n.: Cic. (who uses only the 
stem jecor-): Liv.: Cels. (who has the 
forms, jocinoris, etc. 4, 8, ete.). Dimin. 
jecusculum (the l. of a small animal), 
Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33. Having the l.-com- 
plaint, hepaticus, Plin. 27, 12, 105: also, 
jecorosus, Sid.; jecoriticus, jecinorosus, 
Marc. Empir. (the complaint itself is 
morbus jocinoris, Cels. 1. c.): the lobes 
of the 1., fibrae, Cels. 4, 1, med.: used 
poet. for the liver itself, Virg. Aen. 6, 
600 


liver-wort; *hepatica (M. L.). 

livery: vestis quam famuli locuple- 
tiorum hominum gerere consuerunt: cf. 
Nep. Dat. 3: or simply *vestitus famu- 
lorum proprius. 

livery-stables : *stabulacaballorum 
mercenaria. 

livid: lividus: Hor. Od. 1, 8, 10: 
Ov. (more freq. jealous: q.v.). To be 
1., livére: the imperf. part. of which is 
used as adj., Liv. 2, 37: Ov. Incept. 
livescere, to become 1., Lucr. 

lividness: livor: Col. 12, 47. 

living (part. adj.): vivus (alive): 
oft. with abl. of subs. (absol.): so long 
as Hannibal was 1., Hanuibale v., Nep. 
Hann. 12: Cic. 

living (szbs.) : |. Livelihood : 
victus, is: Vv. LIVELIHOCD. Il. “ood: 
victus, ts: plain 1., tenuis v., Cic. Am. 
23, 86. Phr.: to indulge in high L., 
*Jautioribus uti epulis; lautius vivere, 
Nep. Chab. 3 (the latter phr. includes 
the style of living generally). 

lizard: j, lacerta: Hor.: Plin.: 
less freq. lacertus, Virg. G. 4, 13. 3 
stellio, Onis, m. (with star-like spots: 
Ital. gecko): Plin. 29, 4, 28: Virg. 

lo (interj.) : J, ecce: mostly used 
adverb., with verbs in the indic. mood : 
cf, Virg. G. 1, 108, etc.: in colloq. prose 


LOATHE. 


it combines with the prons. is, ille, iste, 
into one word: as, eccum, eccam, eccil- 
lum, eccillam, etc. (less freq. ecca, ec- 
cilla, etc.): Pl.: Ter. 2. én (with 
nom. alone; or less freq. ace.) : lo (there 
is) Priam, en Priamus, Virg. Aen. 1, 
461: lo! four altars, en quattuor aras, 
Virg. E. 5, 65: also with a full sentence, 
PL. True. prol. 7. (N.B.—The above are 
more collog. than the Eng., being fre- 
quent in Pl. and Ter. like the Fr. voila, 
voici |) 

load: |. Any weight carried: 
onus, éris, 2.: V. BURDEN. |, 4 quan- 
tity carried at once: véhes, is, Fo wt, 
of manure, v. stercoris, fimi: Col.: Plin. - 
v. Gesn. lex, rust. s. V. 

load (v.): |. Tolayona burden: 1, 
dnéro, 1: tol. baggage-catile, Jumenta o., 
Sall. Jug. 75: Virg. Fig., of food; to 
1. the stomach (absol.), Plin. 29, 3,11 § 48 
(onerare ventrem, is to over eed oneself, 
Sall.: Ov.). See also infr.(1V.). 2. 
expr. by impéno, posui, itum, 3 (with 
acc, and dat.): he Ls the beasts with 
vessels of all sorts, (jumentis) imponit 
vasa cujusque modi, Sall. Jug. 75: to L. 
an ox with pack-saddles (fig. of wnsuit- 
able toil), bovi clitellas i., Cic. Att. 5, 
15; also with in and ace.: to l.a wagon, 
onera in plaustrum i, Cic. (in Kr.). 
(N.B.—The phr. onus imponere appears 
to be confined to the fig. sense = to lay 
a burden on any one: but Kr, gives ju- 
mentis onera [ pl.] imponere, e Cic.; and 
Varr. has, onera in jumenta extollere, 
R. R. 2, 10, med.) 3 gravo, 1 (lo /. 
heavily : with acc. and abl.): Phaedr. 2, 
9,1: Tac. ||. Zo encumber the sto- 
mach: dnéro, 1: v. supr. (L., 1). ll. 
In phr. tol. with chains: alicui crassas 
compedes impingere, Pl. Cap. 3, 5, 76: 
aliquem catenis onerare (poet.), Hor. 
Od. 3, 11, 45. IV. To accumulate 
abuse, ete., on any one: congéro, ingéro, 
ssi, stum, 3 (with dat. of person or in 
and ace.); less freq. Snéro, 1 (with acc. 
of person): v. To HEAP (III.). V. To 
put dishonest weights to dice: (?) tesseris 
per fraudem impariter ponduscula ad- 
dere. YJ. To charge a fire-arm: *sclo- 
peto s. tormento (bombardico) pulverens 
nitratum cum glande plumbea, cum glo- 
bo ferreo immittere (Kr.). (N.B.—Usu. 
better to employ a more general expr., 
such as *tela missilia in promptu habere, 
tormenta missilibus instruere.) 

loaded; Snustus: v. LADEN. 

load-stone: magnes, étis, m. : Luer. 
6, gog: magues lapis, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 86. 
(Lapis Heraclius =1. Lydius, Plin. 33, 








: panis, is, m. (either bread in 
gen., or a loaf): they pitched loaves of 
this bread amongst them, ex hoc effectos 
panes in eos jaciebant, Caes. B. C. 3, 48. 
Of other substances, e. g. of saltpetre, p- 


aphronitri, Stat. 4, 9, 37. (Massa = @ 
lump.) 
loam: litum: cf. Cato R. R. 92, 


where an artificial 1. or clay is de- 
scribed: as a kind of soil, ager pinguls, 
cretosus, V. RICH, CLAYEY. 


loamy; cretosus, argillosus: v. 
CLAYEY. 
loan: ], expr. by mituus: to 


seek a 1, of money, argentum m. quae- 
rere. Pl. Pers. 1, 1, 5: to get a L., (ar- 
gentum) m. invenire, id. Ps. 1, 3, 65° 
Cic.: v.TO LEND. Also mutunm absol. 
(late), Paul. Dig. 12, 1, 2, init. (Mutu- 
atio is the act of borrowing money.) 
9. expr. by mutuo, -or: v. TO 
BORROW. 3, commoddatum (of the 
use of anything ; as an article of Sur- 
niture, a book, etc.): Dig. 13, 6, pass. 
(N.B.—Commodatum denotes an act of 
favour ; mutuum @ money transaction.) 
Phr.: to effect a l. in arder to pay @ 
debt, versuram facere, Cic, Att. 5, 21, 8: 
so to pay a debt by means of a L., ver- 
sura (aes alienum) solvere, ib. 5, 15. 
loath (adj.); v. LoTH. 
loathe: |. Zo fel disgust at food: 
fastidio, 4: Hor. S. 1, 2, 115: Pbaedr. 
In same sense, cibum aspernari atque 
respuere, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99- (Perh, 
| also nauseo, to feel sivk, as in sailing : 








LOATHING 


ef. Phaedr. 4,7, 25.) IJ. In gen. sense 
aspernor 1 more precisely, animo as- 
pernari, Cic. in Pis. 20, 45 - also, Odi; 
with. p. part. in act, sense, exOsus, péro- 
sus- v. TO HATE, As p. part. pass. 
imvisus: cf. Virg. Aen. 1, 28. (In fig. 
sense, fastidio = to be disdainful.) 

loathing (subs.) : |. For food: 

1, fastidium: saticty and L., satietas 

et f., Cic. Inv 1, 17, extr : to excite lL. 
fastidia movere alicui, Ov. Pont. 1, Io, 
7; also, fastidium creare, Plin. pA 
nauséa (sickness, strictly from sailing): 
cf. Mart. 4, 37, fin. To feel a L., fastidio: 
v. preced. art. _— |], In gen, sense: usu. 
best expr. by verb. to feel an utter 
l. for baseness, *turpitudinem penitus 
animo aspernari atque respuere: v. TO 
LoaTHE. (Fastidium in ref. to other 
things than food, denotes fastidious- 
ness, disdain, not abhorrence.) See also 
HATRED. 

loathsome: _1. foedus (offensive, 
revolting): a most l. creature (the bug), 
animal foedissimum fet dictu quoque 
fastidiendum], Plin. 29, 4. 17: L. tracks 
(of the Harpies), f. vestigia, Virg. Aen. 
3, 244: Cie: Sall. Q, teter (taet.), tra, 
trum (from which the senses recoil: 
stronger than the preced.): l. corpses, t. 
cadavera, Lucr, 2, 415: /. smell, t. odos, 
Caes. B. C. 3,49: Cic. 3, fastidiendus 
(exciting nausea: v, rare): Plin. 25, 7, 
38. (Fastidiosus, of that which one has 
no appetite for, Hor. Od. 3, 29,93; but 
not in the present sense.) 4, ob- 
scaenus (strictly of il omen; hence re- 

ive: poet.): epith. of the Harpies, 

irg. Aen. 3, 241: J. drink, obs. haustus, 
Lucan, 4, 312. 

loathsomeness: foeditas: Cic. 

lobby ; nearest word, vestibilum 
(fore-court) : v. Dict. Ant. p. 427. 

lobe: fibra (af the liver): v. LIVER. 

lobster; prob. astacus: Plin. 9, 31, 
51. (*Astacus gammarus, Linn.) (Cam- 
marus, Varr. 3, 113; and Plin. 27, 3, 2, 
can scarcely mean a lobster; nor does 
the name occur among the species of 
cancri: Plin. 9, 31, 51.) 

local: expr. by locus, régio, etc.: 
there were 1. disturbances (i.e. confined 
to certain districts), *in quibusdam locis 
tumultuatum est: 1. ailments (bodily), 
*vitia quibus partes corporis singulae 
laborant: the l. authorities, *alicujus loci 
(regionis, etc.) magistratus. (N.B.—Not 
localis.) 

locality : v. PLACE, NEIGHBOURHOOD. 

loch; lacus: v. LAKE. 

lock (subs.): =|, For making fast : 
no exact word, our locks being unknown 
to the ancients (v. BOLT). Phr.- to be 
kept under 1. and key, esse sub clavi, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 22, fin.; sub {signo| 


claustrisque positum esse, Cic. Agr. 1, 7, | 


21. I]. A kind of weir: piscina: 
Plin. 3, 5,9 $53 (for navigation’. | Il. 
Of hair, wool, etc. : 1, crinis, is, m. 
(of hair: usu. collect. or pl.): the sing. 
occurs of a single L., Virg. Aen. 4, 698: 
to comb one’s l.s, diducere pectine crines, 
Ov. M. 4, 311. perfumed Ls, myrrheus 
c., Hor.: Virg. 9. floccus (of wool) : 
Varr. R. R. 2, 11, med. See also cuRL. 
IV. Of a gum: *igniarium (sug- 
gested in Kr.). Y, Stoppage: Phr.;: 
things would have been at a dead i., 
undique materies (the matter of which 
the a consists) stipata quiesset, Lucr, 
1, 346. 
lock (v.): 1, occliido, si, sum, 3 
(to prevent access): to l.a door from the 
outside, (ostium) foris oc., Pl. Most, 2, 1, 
58: on the inner side a door could be 
fastened without a key: cf. Pl. Lc. v.77: 
one for whom nothing is sealed or ld, 
cui nihil sit nec Mg ar Mec occlu- 
sum, Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 248: to L up a 
house, aedes oc., Ter Eun. 4,7,14 2, 
conclido, 3 (to shut up or conjine in 
any way): V. TO SHUT UP. 3. ex- 
clido, 3 (to shut out in any way): 
strengthened by foras (to turn out of 
doors), Pl. Mil. 4, 1, 30. Phr.: to be 
kept Ud up. sub clavi esse, Varr. R. R. 
J, 22, fin. See also TO CONFINE, DI- 
P 


LOFTINESS 


locker * perb. capsa, capsiila (a small 
box or chest): Hor. 

locket; no known word: perh. nar- 
thécium (a small casket, in which medi- 
cines, etc., were carried), or as circuml., 
*vasculum pretiosioris generis quod de 
collo pendet. 

lock-jaw: tétanus: Plin. 23, 1, 24 
(Cels, writes the word as Gk., réravos). 

lock-smith claustrarius artifex: 
Lampr. Eleg. 12. 

jocomotion, locomotive: °xpr: by 
moveo: v. TO MOVE, MOTIVE. 

locust; lécusta, ae, f.: Plin. 

lodge (subs.): i.e. a small tenement: 
casa, castila Vv COTTAGE, ABODE. 

lodge (v.): A, Intrans.: I. 
To have one’s abode: 1, déversor, 1: 
tol. with any one, apud aliquem d., Cic. 
Tuse. §, 8, 22. also, in aliqua (alicujus) 
domo d., id. Verr. 2, 1, 29, 60. Q. de- 
verto, ti, sum, 3; or as pass, refl. (to 
leave the road for some lodging-place ; 
to “put up:” not to be used of a length- 
ened stay): tol. with a friend or at an 
inn, ad hospitem, ad cauponem dever- 
tere, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57: also deverti 
apud aliquem, Pl. Mil. 2, 1, 56: or with 
abl. of name of town, Cic. Font. 5, 9. 
(N.B.—The above must not be used to 
denote permanent residence in hired 
apartments: which may be expr. by 
habito: e.g. tol. in a garret, sub tegulis 
habitare, Suet. Gr. 9: v. LODGING, subs.) 

3, commioror, 1 (to stay) : Cic. Sen. 23, 
84: v.Tostay. ||, 70 find a resting- 


place: perh. adhaereo, 2 (cf. Ov. Met. 5, | 
38, fronte cuspis adhaesit): or maneo, | 


2: Vv. TO REMAIN. B, Trans.: ff 
To cause to remain or adhere: perh 
digo, 3 (to drive home): cf. Tac. H. 4, 
23, hastae ardentes adactae: or the pass. 
may be expr. by adhaereo (to stick fast, 
lodge itself): v. supr. (I1.). Some- 


times the sense may be expr. by prep. | 


in, after verbs of throwing, etc.: cf. 
Virg. Aen. 2, 51, hastam in latus..,con- 
torsit, he L.d the spear in the side (of the 
wooden horse): figitur in jusso sagitta 
loco, the arrow is L.d in the spot aimed 
at. I]. Zo bring a charge agaunst 
any one: nomen alicujus defero; or 
simply defero (with acc. of object): v. 
TO ACCUSE. 

lodgement: chiefly in pbr. to effect 
al.: 1. perh. obsido, di, 3 (to beset, 
occupy): cf. Virg. Aen. 7, 334, Italos 
obsidere fines; v. TO BESET. Join: 
obsidere atque occupare (praesidiis), Cic. 


Agr. 2, 28, init. 9. occupo, 1: Vv. TO 
SEIZE. 
lodger: J, inquilinus (one living 


in another man’s house): Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 
105; Sall. Q, déversor (at an inn): 
Cic. Inv, 2, 4, 15. See also Guest (1.). 

lodging (subs.) : 1. déversorium 
(a place to put up at): Cic. Sen. 23, 84 
(commorandi d.): Liv.: Suet. Dimin. 
deversoriolum, small lodgings, Cic. 2, 
in same sense, déverticulum (div-); Liv. 
1,51, jin. 3, méritorium coenacilum 
(a hired room) : Suet. Vit. 7: also absol., 
meritoria, pl. neut.: to let Ls, meritoria 
facere, Ulp. Dig. 7, 1. 13 § 8° cf. ib. per 
coenacula dividere domum [sc. atque 
locare]. 4, conductus lar (poet.): 
Mart. 11, 82. 5, bospitium (any place 
where hospitable entertainment is given) : 
Vv. INN 

lodging-house: insitla (a large 
house let out in portions): v. Dict. Ant. 
s.v. More precisely, domus per coena- 
cula divisum. Vv. LODGING (3). 

loft: i.e. a room under the roof: 
nearest word, coenaciilum (any upper 
room): see Varr. L, L. 5, 33, 162: Juv. : 
esp. as let for hire: v. LODGING (3). 
See also HAY-LOFT, GRANARY. 

loftily ; excelsé (both lit. and fig.), 
sublime, sublimiter (aloft, q. v.), late 
(only fig.): v. HIGH (adv.); and comp. 
adj. LOFTY. 

loftiness : J. Lit.: 1, alti- 
tido (most gen. term). Vv. HEIGHT. 2, 
excelsitas (great height): Plin. 2, 64, 64 
(ex. montium) cf. infr. (Sublimitas 
= state of being aloft.) i. Fig.: 

1, excelsitas: of in: ex. animi et 
2 


LONE, LONELY 
‘ magnitudo, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 24. . éla- 
tio: v ELEVATION (1I.). 3. subil- 


mitas: 1. of an heroic soul, s. invicti 
animi, Plin. 7, 25, 26: esp. of style: 
Quint.: Plin. min.- v, SUBLIMITY. 
lofty: j, Lit.: 1. celsus (esp. 
of that which rises erect): mien erect 
and 1, status erectus et c., Cic. Or. 18, 
59: a l. tower, c. turris, Hor Od. 2, 10, 
1o: Virg. 2. excelsus (more freq. 
in prose than preced.): a l, mountain, 
ex. mons, Caes. B, C. 1, 80: super ex- 
| celsissimus, ib. 70: Cic. Less freq. prae- 
celsus, very 1, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 107: 
Virg. 3, arduus (strictly steep: in 
present sense, poet. and late): a l. cedar, 
a. cedrus, Ov. Am. 1, 14, 12: Plin. 4, 
altus, praealtus, altissimus: Vv. HIGH. 
5, @ditus: v. ELEVATED (I). 6. 
sublimis, e (in a lojty position; high 
| up): the 1. top of a mountain, s, montis 
}cacumen, Ov. M. 1, 666: Virg. I. 
| Fig: 1, excelsus: Join: animus 
excelsus et magnificus, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 
| init.: magna excelsaque [gloria], Tac. 
| Also in sim. sense, celsus: @ most L 
| seat of dignity. sedes celsissima digni- 
tatis, Cic. Sull. 2, 5: and in moral sense, 
id. Tusc. 5, 14, 42 (celsus et erectus ani- 
mus). Q, élatus: v. ELEVATED. 3, 
sublimis (esp. of thought and style): v. 
SUBLIME. Phr.: l. style, magniloquen- 
tia, e. g. Homeri, Cic. Fam. 13,15. See 
also GRAND. 
log: 1, tignum (a beam or balk 
of wood): Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 73: Caes.: v. 
BEAM. Dimin. tigillum, Phbaedr. 1, 2, 
14 (“ King log”’). Q. stipes, itis, m. 
(trunk): Caes. B. G. 7, 73: as term of 
teproach, Ter. Heaut.5,1,4 VY TRUNK. 
logarithm: *logarithmus. math.¢.4 
log-book: *codicilli nautici. 
loggerhead: caudex, stipes, etc.: 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 4. 
logic: *(ars) logica: Aldrich: M. L. 
(Cic. writes the word as Gk. Aoyixy, 
Fin. 1, 7, init.: in same or nearly same 
| sense, he has dialectica, or -e, Fin. 2, 6, 
17; also, dialectica, orum, ib. 3, 12, 41: 
and more generally, disserendi ratio et 
scientia, Tusc. 5, 25, 72: but these are 
less precise terms.) 
logical: 1, *légicus: phil. é ¢.: 
v.Locic. 2, didlecticus (belonging to 
reasoning): 1. quibbles, da. captiones, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17: Quint. Phr.: al 
conclusion, *quod ex ratione dialecti- 
corum concluditur: a very l. mind, *in- 
| genium dialecticorum ratione imbutum 5 
cul inest insita quaedam disserendi sub- 
tilitas. 
logically : dialectice (in accordance 
with the strict laws of reasoning, and 
| without rhetorical adornment) : Cic. Fin. 
2,6, init. (Logice is without authority.) 
Phr.: very 1, *omnino ex ratione ac 
scientia dialecticorum ; secundum artis 
logicae regulas. 
logician; diiilecticus: a strict (or 
powerful) L., valens d., Cic. Fat. 6. 
logographer: *ldgographus (qui di- 
eitir). 
logomachy: verborum disceptatio : 
Liv. 21, 19, init. : verborum controver- 
siae, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 47. 
loin: lumbus: usu. pl: up to the 
l.s, usque ad lumbos, Quint. 11, 3, 131: 
Cic.: a k of boar, L aprugnus, Plin. 8 
51,78: al. of pork, L. porcinus. 
loiter: 1. cesso, 1 (¢o be tle, dila- 
tory): if the letter-carriers do not L, si 
tabellarii non cessarint, Cic. Prov. Cons. 
7,15: Ter. 9, cunctor, 1 (to linger, 
| be slack in action): Cic.: Liv.. v. TO 
pray (I1.). 3. moror, 1 (to tarry, 
stay): Vv. TO LINGER, STAY. Prone tol, 
cessator, f. -trix : Hor. S. 2, 7, 100. 
loiterer: cessator: v. preced. art 
lone. lonely: i: sdlus: cf. Ter. 
Eun. 1, 2, 67: also of places: you wan- 
dered sad inl. places, in locis solis moes- 
tus errares, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: on the L 
mountain, in s. monte, Tib. 1, 2, 72 (ab 
solito). 9, désdlitus (Kft alone: 
chiefly poet.): Stat.: Virg. 3, ré- 
ductus (lying far back, away from the 
| haunts of men: poet.): Hor. Od. 1, 14, 
17: Virg. (Reductus conveys a plea 
. 44 








LONELINESS 


LOOK 








surable idea, unlike preced.) 4, pa- 
rum fréquens (hominibus): i.e. thinly 
peopled, little resorted to: cf. Lat. Dict. 
s. Vv frequens. 5, avius (away from 
highways): 1. mountains, a. montes, 
Hor. Od. 1, 23, 2: Y. PATHLESS. 

loneliness : solitudo (state of being 
alone): Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 55- 


lonesome; v. preced. art.; and 
LONELY. 
long (a4j.):___ |, Of extension 1. 


longus: Cic.: Virg.: pass. Unusually 
or very I., praelongus very L. swords, 
pr. gladii, Liv. 22, 46° Plin.: also, per- 
longus (less freq., but denoting greater 
absolute length than praelongus, as per- 
longa via, Cic, Att. 5, 20, 3). N.B. 
When the dimension is specified, longus 
is used with ave. of substantives of mea- 
sure; as, ferrum tres longum pedes, a” 
iron three feet l., Liv. 21, 8, fin. 2, pro- 
missus (that has been suffered to grow ; 
hanging down): 1. hair, p. coma, Liv. 
38, 17: Caes. 3, prolixus (Jong and 
spreading ; esp. of the parts of the body 
or dress): hair loose and L., capillus 
passus, p., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 49: 1. tails 
(of sheep), caudae p., Varr. R. R 2, 2, 
ad init.: 1. tunics, p. tunicae, Gell. 7, 
12, init. 4, procérus (esp. of the 
body. long and thin or tapering): a l. 
beak (of birds), p. rostrum, Cie. N. D. 1, 
36, 101; L. pikes, p lupi, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
36; Vv. TALL. 5, productus (rare) : 
a very l. shoot, flagellum productissi- 
mum, Col 3, 10. Phr.: eight feet l., 
pedes protentus in octo, Vira. G. 1, 191: 
a 1. (extended) line of battle, in longi- 
tudinem porrecta acies, Liv. 25, 21, med. : 
see also LENGTH. |]. Of time - 1. 
longus 1. time, delay, life, etc., L. tempus, 
mora, vita, etc. - Cic.: Caes.: pass. f 
longinquus (long continued: but more 
usu. of distance than time): l. service, 
1, militia, Liv. 4, 18: 1. habit, |. consue- 
tudo, Caes. B. G. 1, 47: l. period of time, 
1. tempus, Cic. Div. 2, 12, 28. (N.B. 
Stronger than longus.) 3. ditturnus 
(of time only: having long duration) : 
, experience, d. usus, Cic. Am. 22, jin: 
so l.a war, tam d. bellum, Cic. Man. 
12, fin.: Caes Also diutinus, in same 
sense: J. stays at a place, d. mansiones, 
Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 22: Cic. : Caes. 4, pro- 
lixus (rare in this sense) : 1. life, p aetas, 
Dig. [|]. Of quantity, in syllables : 
1, longus. Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183. 
9, productus: Cic. Or. 48, 159: cf. 
also, de Or, 1. ¢., extrema producta atque 
longa, i. e. the final (syllable) being 1. 
(where producta is p. part.). IV. Of 
compositions; as @ speech, etc. : le 
longus: e. g. 1. oratio, Cic. Rab. perd. 
3, init. Very l., praelongus, e. g. Sermo 
eG written), Quint. 10, 3,32. 2, pro- 
uctus (lengthened out) : (not) longer 
than five acts, quinto productior actu, 
Hor. A. P. 189. (Not prolixus in this 
sense; unless with the further idea of 
tediousness: ef. Macr. 3, 7, fin. ne pro- 
lixus sim.) 
long (adv.): 1, dit, compar. dit- 
tius, sup. dititissimé : Caes.: Cic. The 
compar. occurs = too long: to be put off 
too 1., diutius duci, Caes. B. G. 1, 16. 
(Perdiu differs from diutissime : the 
former denoting a long interval of time 
=for a long while; the latter, very long 
duration.) 2, compar. longius, longer : 
to hold out a little l.er, paulo longius 
tolerare, Caes. B. G. 7, 71: ef. Cic. Br. 
15, 60, vitam Naevii producit longius. 
@ut even the compar. is infrequent; 
and the posit. and sup. are not used of 
time.) 3. like preced. amplius (in 
connexion with subss. of time) : to main- 
tain the contest two hours longer, duas a. 
horas certamen sustinere, Liv. 36, 38. 
4. pridem, didum: v. in/r. (v.). 
Phr.: (i). long before or after: multo 
ante or post to foresee anything 1. be- 
fore, aliquid m. ante prospicere, Suet. 
Tib. 67: Virg. G 1, 167 mot 1. after- 
wards he...., ille post non multo...., 
Nep. Paus. 3, init.: Cic. (multo post): 
simly. so l. before or after, post tanto, 
Virg. G. 3, 476. (In Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 
init., quae venientia lenge ante videris, 
450 





the adv. longe has its proper sense, /rom 
afar, at a distance.) (ii). how long @ 
quamdiu how much longer ? quamdiu 
etiam? Cic. Cat. 1, init. (iii). tamdiu, 
or separately, tam diu with correl. 
quamdiu, quoad, dum (only with future, 
so 1. as something shall last, Cic. Off. 2, 
12, 43) v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
With pres., tamdiu implies that some- 
thing is still going on: tamdiu Germania 
vincitur, so J. is Germany in being con- 
quered, Tac. G. 34. (iv). toolong : dittius: 
v.supr.(1). Also nimis diu (nimium diu, 
Hor. Od. 4, 5,2): v TOO. (v). long ago 
or since: (1). pridem not very l. ago, 
haud ita p., Hor. S. 2, 2, 45. he points 
out how 1. ago..., quam p. (with subj.) 
... docet, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, 126: when 
it is stated that something has been long 
going onand ts still doing so, jam pridem 
is used with pres. ind.: I have l. since 
desired, jampridem (or as two words) 
cupio, Cic. Att. 2,5. (2). dadum (like 
preced., but usu. referring to shorter 
times): not l. ago, haud dudum, Pl. Pers. 
3, 35. esp. with jam (like preced.): 

ic. de Or. 2, 7, 26: Ter. 

long (v.) : 1. Aveo, 2 (no perf. or 
sup.): usu. foll. by if.: strengthened 
by valde, I 1. to know what you are 
about, valde aveo scire quid agas, Cic. 
Att. 1, 15: less freq. foll. by acc.: ever 
to l. for what ts wanting, semper a. 
quod abest, Juv. 3, 970: Cic. oN 
gestio, 4 (to l. impatiently) : foll. by 
infin.: I l. to know all your news, §. 
scire ista omnia, Cic. Att. 4, 11° Pl.: v. 
Toitcn (1L.). 3, désidéro, 1 (strictly, 
to l. for what has been once enjoyed : 
with ref. to persons or things): cf. Ter. 
Eun. 1, 2, 113: also in gen, sense; to 
desire warmly: cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 2 
nec honores sitio, nec desidero gloriam : 
V. TO DESIRE. 4, appéto, ivi and ii, 
itum, 3 (esp. of any natural desire or 
longing). we naturally 1. for what is 
good, natura bona appetimus, Cic.: v. 
TO sEEK. Also various circuml. may 
be used: as, cupiditate ardere, flagrare 5 
desiderio teneri, affici: v. DESIRE (subs.). 

longed for: exspectatus : Cic. Fam. 
4,10: Virg. 

longevity: 1. vivacitas (tenacity 
of life): cf. LONG-LIVED. 9. longae- 
vitas (v. rare): Macr. Phr. to exceed 
the phoenix in 1., *phoenicem superare 
vivendo, cf. Lucr. 1, 203; phoenice vi- 
vaciorem esse. 

longing (subs.): 1, désidérium 
(comp. TO LONG, 3): I feel a l. for the 
city, me d. tenet urbis, Cic. Fam. 2, 11: 
to suffer from 1., ex d. laborare, ib. 16, 
in 9. libido, inis, f. (most freq. 
licentious desire : also, a strong natural 
impulse): a 1. to vomit, |. nauseae, Cato 
R. R. 156. 3, appétitus, appétitio: 
Vv. DESIRE, APPETITE, See alsO DESIRE 
(throughout). To feel a l.: v. TO LONG. 

longing (adj.): aividus; v. EAGER, 
DESIROUS. 

longingly : 

longish: longiuscilus: 
10, 25. 

longitude: longitiido: as geogr. tats 
(Comp. LATITUDE.) 

longitudinal: in longitudinem posi- 
tus: v. foll. art. 
longitudinally: in longitudinem : 
Cic. Tim. 4. 

long-legged: praeclongis cruribus : 
Vv. LONG 5. 

long-lived: vivax: Ov. Am. 2, 6, 
54 (v. phoenix) Hor.: also of plants, 
Hor.: Virg. The quality of being so, 
vivacitas: v. LONGEVITY. (Longaevus 
= aged, poet.) x 

long-suffering (subs.): patientia : 
Vv. FORBEARANCE. (Longanimitas = Gk. 
paxpoduuia. Vulg. Rom. ii. 4, etc ) 

long-suffering (a4j.): patiens: 
Vulg. 1 Cor. xiii. 4: Vv. PATIENT. 

long-winded: longus: Auct. Dial. 
Or. 22 (longus in narrationibus). 

looby : v. BLOCKHEAD. 

look (v.): |. Yo direct the eye to- 
wards an object : 1, aspicio, spexi, 
ctum, 3: lool! aspice! Virg. E. 2, 66, 
et pags. : V. TO LOOK OUT 9, intueor, 


fivide: v. EAGERLY. 
Cic. Arch. 





LOOK OUT 


a __arrrETTTTTEnEEInEEEEEEEEnEnNNnnnnT 


2 Vv TO LOOK ON. Ul], Zo piesen 
an appearance of something: expr by 
spécies to l.as if one were laughing, 
ridentis speciem praebere, Liv 21, 2, 
jin.: causes which b. as if they were 
closely connected, causae quae 8 habent 
magnae copnjunctionis, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 
init.: that Ls jine (opp. to real excel- 
lence), praeclarus in speciem, Cic. Verr. 
5, 33, 86. Phr. éo L. glad, laetitiam 
vultu aperte ferre, cf. Cic. Att. 14, 13, 
ad init.: to l. like emotion, aliquid 
affectus prae se ferre, Quint. 11, 3, 148° 
you would say he Ls a man of worth, 
faciem videas esse quantivis pretii, Ter. 
5, 2, 15. he Ls stern, severitas inest in 
vultu, ib. 16. II]. Zo face in a cer- 
tain direction: aspecto, I Vv. TO LOOK 
TOWARDS. 

lcok about or round: 1, circum- 
spicio, 3: Ter Andr. 2, 2, 20 (absol.): 
1. about, and see if any one is eaves 
dropping, circumspice, numquis est ser= 
monem nostrum qui aucupet, Pl. Most. 
2, 2, 41: Cic.: Virg. Frequent. circum- 
specto. 1 (to look about again and again, 
or anxiously): Cic.: Ter. 2, circum- 
tueor. 2 (v. rare): Apul. 

— after: Vv. LOOK FOR. 

— at: 1, aspicio, 3: you 1. an- 
grily at me, aspicis me iratus, Cic. - to 
1. at each other, inter se a., Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 
fin. Frequent. aspecto, 1 (to keep look- 
ing at): Cic. Pl. 42, 101. 2. specto, 
1 (to gaze at, fix the eyes upon): they 
come to be l.’d at themselves, veniunt 
spectentur ut ipsae, Ov. A. A. 1,99 of 
the action of the mind, s. aliquid et 
visere, Cic. Tusc. I, 19, 44. esp. of look- 
ing at games, etc.: cf. Ov. l.c. Se 
tueor, 2 (to gaze at, more or less in- 
tently; to eye: chiefly poet. in this 
sense): V. TO GAZE. Esp. comps. (1). 
intueor, 1; to l. right at the sun, int. 
solem adversum, Cic. Rep. 6, 18, fin. 
Join: intueri et contemplari aliquem, 
id. Pl. 1,2. (2). contueor, 2 (strength- 
ened from tueor)- to l. at a person with 
two eyes, duobus oculis aliquem c., Cie. 
N. D. 3,8: oftener of the mind: v. TO 
CONTEMPLATE. 4, contemplor, 1 (to 
l. attentively at): Pl.: Cic. (v. supr. 3, 
1): more freq. of the mind. 

— back or behind: respicio, 3: 
(neither) to . ound or behind, circum~- 
spicere aut r., Liv. 21, 22: Cic.. also 
foll. by direct acc., to l. back wpon, e. g. 
litora Italiae, Liv. 30, 20: Cic. Fre- 
quent. respecto, 1 (to l. back again and 
again): Ter. Liv. 

— down: |, Lit.. despicio, 3 - 
to l. down from the top of a mountain 
into the valleys, de vertice montis d. in 
valles, Ov. M. 11, 504 Caes.; with direct 
acc. (poet.): Virg. Aen. I, 224: Ov. 
Frequent. despecto, 1 (same constr.) : 
Virg.: Ov |. Fig.: tol. down upon: 
despicio, 3 (with acc.): Cic. R. Am. 46, 
135: Caes.: V. TO DESPISE. 
for: 1, specto, 1: what 
(better) opportunity do you l. for, quem 
locum....spectas? Caes. B. G. 5, 44. 

2. quaero, sivi, tum, 3- V TO 
SEEK. 

— forth: v. LOOK OUT 

— in, into’ _ 1. inspicio, 3; as 
intrans., with intro, Pl. Bac. 4, 3, 87: to 
1. into a mirror, ins. in speculum, Ler. 
Ad. 3, 3, 61. also with direct acc., with 
ref. to the action of the mind: v. TO 
INSPECT, EXAMINE. 9, introspicio, 
3: to Ll. into any one’s hovse, alicujus 
domum intros., Cic. (?) Harusp. 15, jin. + 
more freq. fig.: to l. into one’s own 
mind, intros. in mentem suam, Cic. Fin. 
2, 35,118. Phr. to bat anything in 
a mirror, aliquid in speculo intueri, 
Cic. in Pis. 29, 71. 
in the face: expr. by rectis 
oculis ¢, g. r. oculis aliquid intueri, Sen, 
Ep. 104, 24; cf. Suet. Aug 16, ne rectis 
quidem oculis eum adspicere potuisse 
instructam aciem (the phr. denotes calm 
Facing of dang.7 or horror). 
out or forth: |. 70 takea 
view from a place: prospicio, 33 fre- 
quent. prospecto, 1: to l. out from houses 
and windows, ex tectis fenestrisque pro= 











yy 





LOOK OUT FOR 


LOOSELY 


LOSE 





tare, Liv 24.21 with acc. of direct 
object, Ov. M. 15,842 Sall. Phr. he 
Ls out far over the deep, prospectum 
late pelago petit Virg. Aen. I, 181 
See also TO FORESEE. Il. Vo use cir- 
cumspection : circumspicio, 3 Vv TO 
LOOK ABOUT. 

look out for: quaero, 3 Vv TO SEEK. 


See also TO EXPECT. 
|. To look around: 


— round: ; 
Vv TO LOOK ALOUT |]. 70 turn one's 


eyes to whal is behind. respicio, 3 see 
Cic. Clu. 21, 58 and TO LOOK BACK. 
through: |. 70 view through 
a medium: *per vitrum, etc.j intueor 
aspicio v TO 100K AT I]. Zo ine 
spect (somewhat hastily): perspicio, 3: 
to l. through letters and correct them, 
epistulas p. fet] corrigere, Cic. Att. 16, 5, 
extr. See also TO INSPECT, EXAMINE. 

: |. Zo have regard for, 
pay attention to: Phr.. to l. to one’s 
oun interest, sibi consulere (v TO CON- 
suLt, III); sui commodi rationem hab- 
ere, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17. Il. Zo fix 
one’s hopes upon: we l. to you, in te 
conjecti sunt oculi nostri; in te est 
omnis spes, posita omnia in te (sunt): 
ef. Cic. ad Br. 1,9; Fam. 12, 1. Some- 
times confiigio (to have recourse to) may 
serve: V. RECOURSE, 

—— towards: 1. specto, 1 (usu. 
foll. by ad or in and acc. ; also less freq. 
by ace. alone: also by adv. of direction): 
to 1. towards the south, ad meridiem s., 
Caes. B. G. 5, 13: with in and acc., ib. 
1, 1: Liv.: tol. towards the west, solem 
occidentem s., Liv. 33, 17, ad init.: tol. 
towards a certain quarter, aliquo s., 
Varr. R. R. 1, 4. 9, aspecto, 1 (less 
freq.); Tac. A. 12, 32 (with direct acc.). 
Phr.: Britain ls towards Spain on 
the west, Britannia in occidentem Hispa- 
niae obtenditur, Tac. Agr. Io. 

— up: Lit: 1, suspicio, 3: 
to l. up to heaven, s. in coelum, Cic. 
Rep. 6, 9: also, s. coelum (without 
prep.), id. N. D. 2, 2, 4 (the direct acc. 
denotes the object looked at; the prep. 
the direction in which a person looks). 
Frequent. suspecto, t (rare): Ter.: Plin. 

2, oculos Grigo, Cic. Sext. 31, 68 
(fig.) ; oculos tollo, Ov. M. 13, 125. 

— up to: suspicio, 3 (implying 
respect): Cic. Off. 2, 10, 36: Vell.: see 
also preced. art. 

look (subs.): |, Act of looking: 

1, aspectus, is: with a single L., 
uno a., Cic. Br. 54, 200: or expr. by 
aspicio: v, TO LOOK. 2. obtiitus, ts: 
V. GAZE, Il. Zapression of counte- 
nance: vultus, tis: the (angru) l. of a 
threatening tyrant, v. instantis tyranni, 
Hor. Od. 3, 3, 3: Cic.: v. EXPRESSION 
(IV.); countenance (1., 3). Phr.: to 
assume a frowning 1. frontem, super- 
cilia contrahere, eto.: v.TO FROWN. [I], 
General aspect : spécies. facies, aspectus. 
v. APPEARANCE (1II,). 

looker-on: I, arbiter, tri (one 

who takes vo part): v EYE-WITNEsS. 

Q. spectator, /. -trix: or (except 
in nom, sing.) pres. part. of specto 
(with ref. to sights, shows, etc.): Vv. 
SPECTATOR. 

looking (subs.) : U. at, spectitio, Cic. : 
Vitr. -around, circumspectus, iis, Plin.. 
-back, respectus, us, Liv Virg. -up, 
suspectus, tis, Plin. 

looking-glass* spéciilum: v. mrR- 
BOR. 


look-out (subs.): Phr. to keepa 
careful 1l., omnia circumspectare, Sall, 
Jug. 72. Cic. (esp. where alarm or 
timidity is implied). 

loom (swbs.): 1, téla (strictly that 
which is woven; also sometimes, the 
loom itself): Cato K. R. 10, fin. (where 
tela jugalis una is enumerated in a farm 
inventory): Ov. M. 6, 5-6. (N.B— 
Where the loom is referred to generally 
tela may be used, without exactly 
making it = textorium instrumentum 
to ply the l., telam texere, Ter, Heaut. 
2, 3, 44; t. exercere, Ov. M. 6, 145 the 
labour of the 1, *telae labor.) Os 
*textorium instrumentum (1lorcell.). 

loom (v.): Phr.: forms l. through 





the gloom, *per umbram obscuram vi- 
dentur facies cf. Virg. Aen. 6. 257 and 
452; *dispiciuntur obscure ingentia per 
umbram corpora (Vv. GLIMPSE). See also 
TO APPEAR. 

loon fatuus. v FOOL. 

loon (sbs.): (?)licium (by which the 
threads of the warp were held): v Dict. 
Ant. 1101, a. (Laqueus is a noose.) Or 
perb. vinculum (any tie or bond). 

loop (v.): (7) annecto, vincio, etc.: Vv. 
TO FASTEN, TIE, 

loov-hole: fénestra (any narrow 
opening): Caes. B. C. 2, 9 (fenvstrae ad 
tormenta mittenda), Fenestra is also 
used fig. = opportunity, cf. Ter. Heaut. 
3, 1,72, quantam f, ad nequitiam pate- 
feceris ; but in somewhat different sense 
from Eng. a l. of escape may be expr. 
by effagium: cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 21, hos- 
pitis effugio praestruxerat omnia Minos, 
i.e. had cut off every 1. of escape: 80, 
effugium praecludere eunti, Lucr. 3, 523 
ae Cic. in this sense). Phr.. not to 

avea l. for a defence, defensioni locum 
non relinquere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78, 191: 
every l. for escape is cut off from him, 
tenetur, premitur, urgetur [iis copiis 
..--], Cic. Ph. 4,5, 12 cf. the expr. 
tenemur undique, id. Att. 2, 18, int. 

loose (adj.): j. Opp. to tight; 
allowing room and range: 1, laxus 
a 1. shoe, 1. calceus, Hor. S. 1, 3, :1: to 
keep a very l. vein, laxissimas habenas 
habere, Cic. Am. 13, 45 (fig.). 2. 
fluxus (flowing, slack); l. girdle, f. cinc- 
tura, Suet. Caes. 45, extr.: al. thong, f. 
habena, Liv. 38, 29, med. Il. At 
liberty: sdlitus: Phaedr. 3, 7, 20 (de 
cane): may be defined by adding, vin- 
culis, carcere, elc,; V. TO LOOSEN. Ill. 
Flowing freely: 1, fluxus: v. FLow- 
ING (I1., 2). 2, passus: as descriptive 
of hair ; not arranged, dishevelled : ca- 
pillus p., Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 563 crines p., 
Caes. B. G. 1, 51. IV. Of the bowels: 
fisus, sdliitus : v. RELAXED. V. Of 
soil sdlitus: Join: soluta et facilis 
{terra}, Col. 3, 14, extr.: Plin. Vi. 
Not firmly fastened, shaky : mobilis, e: 
1. teeth, m. dentes, Plin. 21, 31, 105 § 180. 
Vil. Not chaste, dissolute: dissb- 
litus~ Vv. DISSOLUTE, PROFLIGATE, 

loose, break: €rumpo, 3: v. 10 
BREAK LOOSE. 

—, let: 1. émitto, 3: v. co (to 
let). 2. immitto, 3 (to let go upon 
or against) : to let l. the veins, i, habenas, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 662: Plin. min. 

loose, loosen (v.): _—‘ J. To render 
loose, slacken . 1, laxo, 1: to loosen 
reins, frenos (habenas) |., Lucan 7, 125: 
ef, Virg. G. 2, 331, laxant arva sinus, of 
the stiff svuil loosening itself before the 
genial breath of spring: v. TO WIDEN. 
So relaxo. cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138, 
where se relaxare is opp to se astrin- 
gere. 2. rémitto, 3: to tighten or 
loosen the reins, hubenas vel adducere 
vel r., Cic. Am. 13,45: Ov. Phr: to 
loosen the soil round the roots of a tree, 
*solum circa radices arboris leniter 
movere ac sollicitare (cf. Virg. G. 2, 418, 
sollicitanda tamen tellus pulvisque mo- 
vendus): to l. the teeth of any one, 
alicui dentes labefacere, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 
36. {|. To unfasten : 1, solve, vi, 
itum, 3: loose the steed that is growing 
old, solve senescentem equum, Hor. Ep. 
I, 1, 8. to loosen a hound, canem s., 
Phaedr. 3, 7,20 see also TO UNTIE. So 
résolvo, 3: to loosen yirt raiment, cine- 
tas r. vestes, Ov. M. 1, 382: Cat. >. 
laxo, 1 (rare in this sense): to loosen 
knots, nodos 1, Lucan 4, 632: but in 
this sense, relaxo is perh. better: to 
loosen the fastenings of a tunic, tunicae 
vinela r., Ov. F. 2, 321: Luer. 3. 
réfigo, 3: V. TO UNFASTEN. 

loosel” : |. Uncon fined: laxé 
Lucan 4, 451 (al. laxas) - and ace. to L. G. 
§ 343, the adjj. under Loose, Iil., may 
often be used where Eng. idiom would 
require an adv. ||, /n an ti regular, 
careless manner: sdluté: Sen. N. Q. 6, 
30 (negligentius solutiu-que compusita), 
Also, dissolute, which is used by Cic. in 
this sense v. LAXLY(1). — [|], Zmmo- 





rally: perh. perdité (in an abandoned 
manner): Cic. To lire l., *libvrius se 
gerere; pravis s. dissolutis moribus esse, 

looseness : | Opp. to tightness : 
expr. by verb thee follows a L. of the 
sinews, *sequitur ut relaxentur (nimis 
remittantur) nervi; Vv TO LOOSEN ll 
Of the bowels. fusa alvus, Cels, 2, 7 
med. Phr.: those who have suffered 
From 1. of the bo: els in youth, quibus 
juvenibus fluxit alvus, Cels. 1, 3, ad jin. 


[I]. Of soil. expr by adj. v Loose, 
adj.(V.). |V. Shasciness. mdbilitas . 
e.g. dentium, Plin. 20, 21, 84. V. Of 


morals: dissoluti mures Vv. DISSOLUTE. 

loosening: expr. by verb: v. To 
LOOSEN. 

lov off (v.)’ 1, praecido, 3 (to 
amputate the extremity of anything): 
Vv. TO CUT OFF. Q, umpiito 1 (esp. in 
pruning): to lL. off useless boughs, in- 
utiles ramos a., Hor. Epod. 2, 13: Cic. 

lop-sided: perh. inaequalis, e: v. 
UNEVEN. 

loquacious : 1, léquax, cis 
(fond of talking: implying -omething 
of blame); old-age is naturally a little 
lL, senectus est natura loquacior, Cic. 
Sen. 16, 55: Virg. 2. garriilus (fond 
of chattering and gossiping): Ter.. 
Hor. 8, verbdsus (expressed with 
many words, written or spolven): cf. 
Cic. Fam 17, 9, fin., verbosa epistola, i. e. 
a lengthy letter, with much detail. 4, 
nimius sermonis (400 great a talker), 
Tac. H. 3, 75 (better perh., nimius in 
loquendo; cf. nimius in honoribus de- 
cernendis, Cic. ad Br. 1, 15, intt.). 

loquaciously: léquaciter : Cic.: Hor. 

loquacity : 1, léquacitas: Cic. 
Leg. 1, 2, 7 Quint. 2, garrilitas 
ene. to idle talk): Sen. Cons, 

elvid. 16, 14. 

lord (subs.): |], A master : ddmi- 
nus: Vv. MASTER. Il. Specially, as 
appellation of Deity: Dominus: Vulg. 


pass. ll. As title of nobility: démi- 
nus: M. L. 

lord (v.): 1, déminor, 1: foll. by 
in and abl.: to l. it over the lives and 


fortunes of men, in capite fortunisque 
hominum d., Cic. Quint. 30, 94. by 
inter: to l. it amongst people, inter 
homines d., Caes. B. G. 2, 31: also, by 
in and ace. (of persons), Liv. 3, 53: Ov. 

2. impérito, 1 (with dat.): ct. Liv. 
21, 1, Victis superbe avareque impe- 
ritare: v. TO RULE. 

Lord’s-supper: coena Domini: Corp. 
Conf.: also, coena Dominica, Vulg. 1 Cor. 
xi. 20. 

lordly ; nearest words, perh. régius, 
regalis: v. ROYAL. 

lordship; |. Yominion: ddmina- 
tus, is; impérium: Vv. DoMINION, POWER, 
To exercise l., dominari: Vv. TO LORD. 

|. As title of rank: v. HIGHNESS 
GI.). Often vir egregius may serve: 
being a title of rank in the later Empire. 
v. Forcell. s. v. egregius, ad fin. 
lore; doctrina- v. LEARNING. 
lorn; perditus: v. FO“LORN. 
ose: , To part with uninten- 
tionally ; to let slip: amitto, misi, ssum, 
3: to l. one’s wits alorng with one’s 
wealth, consilium cum re a., Ter. Eun, 
2, 2, 10. tol. so yood an opjortunity, 
tantam occasionem a., ib. 3, 5, 58: Cic. 
tol. sight of any one, aliquem e conspectu 
a., Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 2. ||. Zo forfett, 
experience loss of, in business, etc. : : 
perdo, didi, ditum, 3 (implying entire 
loss or destruction of some this g valued) « 
to 1. (utterly) the fruits of industry, 
fructus indusiriae p, Cic. Fam : 6: to 
l. a cause at law, cuusam p., Cic. R. Com. 
4, init.. of losing at play, Ov A. A. 
I, 451. Stronger is deperdo, 3. Cic. 
Prov. Cons. 5, I! 92. amit o, 3 (often 
of accidental loss; whereas perdo is 
mostly to lose blemably or wilfully; 
also, amitto may imply the possibility 
of recovery: ci. supr. 1): tol. the fran- 
chise, civitatem a., Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 182 
to l. a house by fire, domum incendio a, 
Suet. Cl. 6. (In Cic. R. Com. 4, init, 
occur both causam perdere [supr. 1} 
and causam amittere- the latter simply 
45! 


LOSS 


= causé cadere, to be cast in a suit, the 
former, to lose it through misconduct in 
the defence.) 3. jacttiram facio, pa- 
tior . v. Loss (II,, 3). 
struction of a part of the body or of life 


1, pass. of capio, 3. to Ll. one eye, | 


altero oculo capi, Liv 22,2, extr : having 
lost the use of eyes and ears, oculis et 
auribus captus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 117: 
that has lost the use of reason, mente 
captus, Cic. Ac. 2,17, 53. (N.B.—This 
use is most common in p. part.) > 
amitto, 3: to Ll. (the use of) one’s eyes, 
lumina 4., Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 1143 aspectum 
a., ib. I, 30, 73: to Ll. strength and flesh, 
vires et corpus a., Cic. Fam. 9, 26: to l. 
(or part with) life, vitam a., Cic.: Sall. 

8. perdo, 3 (comp. supr LL., syn.): 
in his second campaiyn he lost his right 
hand, secundo stipendio dextram manum 
perdidit, Plin. 7, 28, 29. IV. To be 
bereaved of : amitto, 3 Cic. Fam. 4,6: 
Suet. (but filium amittere may also be 
used in sense I.: cf. Pl. Capt. prol. 23). 
See also TO BEREAVE. Y. Milit. term 
to expertence diminution of force: 1, 
amitto, 3. Liv. 21, 38, med.. ib. 22, 3, 
init. (not used of loss by actual fight- 
ing). So to l.a town, oppidum a., Sall. 
Jug. 97: Cic. 2. désidéro, 1: in that 
battle he lost not more than 200 men, in 
eo proelio non amplius CC. mitites de- 
sideravit, Caes. B. C. 3, 99: esp. pass., 
desiderari, to be lost or missing, id. BG. 
5s) 235 8. more freq. expr. by cado, 
caedo, occido, etc. (when the loss is in 
actual fight): cf. Liv, 21, 293; 22,7; et 
pass. VI. In pass., to be lost = to be 
destroyed, come to nought, be wasted: 

1, péreo, 4, trr.: Vv. TO PERISH. 

2, intéreo, 4, irr. (to come to no- 
thing ; be utterly lost) : a drop of brine 
ts lost in the vastness of the sea, i. mag- 
nitudine maris stilla muriae, Cic. Fin. 
3, 14, init.: of money, to be lost or 
wasted, Nep. Them. 2: as exclam., in- 
terii (also, perii)! J am lost, ruined! 
Pl.: Ter. 3. excido, di, 3 (lit. to 
drop out ; hence to be wasted or thrown 
away): to be lost or spilt upon the 
ground, ex. aut in terram defluere, Cic. 
Am. 17, 58. 4, défluo, xi, xum, 3 (to 
be spent and wasted): cf. preced. ex.: 
Sall. Miscell. Phr.: trees l. their 
leaves, arboribus folia decidunt, cadunt ; 
nudantur foliis arbores, (arbores) folia 
deperdunt, Plin. 16, 22, 34: to 1. colour, 
pallescere (v. PALE, TO BECOME); of per- 
sons, sanguine ex ore decedente palles- 
cere, Gell. 19, 4 (See also TO FADE). to . 
one’s way, errare, less freq. deerro, Cic. 
(Vv. TO WANDER; ASTRAY): tol. hope, l. 
heart, animo cadere, animum despondere 
(Vv. TO DISCOURAGE, DESPOND): to Ll. a 
throne, regno excidere, Curt. 10, 5, ad 
jin.: everything here has lost interest, hic 
omnia jacent, Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 3: to l. 
sight of land, (terram) abscondere (poet.), 
Virg. Aen. 3, 291 (comp. supr. I.): the 
river ts lost in morasses, (flumen) palu- 
dibus hauritur, Tac G.r: to give up any- 
thing as lost, desperare (Vv. TO DESPAIR), 
deplorare (not in Cic.): given up for lost 
by the physicians, a medicis deploratus, 
Plin. 7, 50, 51: to he lost in thought, in 
cogitatione defixum esse, Cic. de Or. 3, 


|. The act of losing: amis- 
sio- Cic.: Plin. (But usu. expr. by 
verb: on account of the l. of his patri- 
mony, patrimonio amisso: with the l. of 
100 men, C. militibus caesis, occisis, de- 
sideratis, etc,: v. TO LosE, throughout.) 

ll. The damage sustained: 1, 
damnum (opp. to lucrum: esp. loss in 


business, etc.): to incur some L., aliquid | 


damni contrahere, Cic. Fin. 5, 30, gt: 
to suffer a 1. d. facere, Cic. Br. 33, 1255 
accipere, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28: cf. Phaedr. 
I, 28, Io. 2, détrimentum (damage, 
injury; as opp. to emolumentum, gain, 
profit: cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 21,69) to sustain 
t. (or damage), da. capere, accipere, Cic. 
Fam. 10, 18; ib. 24, extr. 3, jactira 
(strictly, the throwing overboard of part 
of a cargo to save the rest): in commer- 
cial sense, to incur some l., j. aliquam 
facere, Cic. Att. 12, 29: Col Join: 


452 


lil. Zo suffer de- | 


LOUSE-WORT 


LOVE-POTION 





| jacturae et detrimenta [rei familiaris], 
Auct. B Alex.49. 4, intertrimentum 
(loss from wear and tear: rare): no bl, 
whatever (in using gold ornamentally), 
nibil intertrimenti, Liv. 34, 7: in gen. 
sense, not without great l., non sine i. 
magno, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 39 cf. Parry, 
ad 1. Also, intertritura, Dig. WI. 
Milit. term the l. of a battle, adversa 
pugna (Vv. DEFEAT) the l. was about 
equal on either side, caedes prope par 
| utrinque fuit, Liv. 21, 29. cf. TO LOSE 
(V.). IV. Perplexity: in phr. to be 
atal.: Phr.: the physicians are at a 
l., nec medici se inveniunt, Petr. 47: 
Sen.: he is utterly at a L, haeret in 
salebra, Cic. (v. TO GRAVEL, II1.): also 
expr. by dubius, incertus, etc.: v. UN- 
CERTAIN 3 TO HESITATE. 

lot: |, Decision by hazard: sors, 
tis, f.: cf. Cic. Div. 2, 41, init.: the mat- 
ter is ultimately decided by l., res revo- 
eatur ad s., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, 127: the 
pl. often denotes the billets used in draw- 
ing l.s: hence, to draw l.s, sortibus uti 
(gen. term), Cic. Div. 2, 41, 87: more 
precisely, sortes miscere et ducere (to 
shuffle and draw), ib. § 86: but also 
sortem ducere [sors ducitur], Cic. Verr. 
4, 64, 143. the abl. is used adverb.: he 
got the province of Sicily by L, ei sorte 
provincia Sicilia obvenit, ib. 2, 2, 6, 17. 
To decide by l., sortior, 4: foll. by rel. 
clause, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 98 (non consi- 
derare sed quasi sortiri quid loquare) : 
also with inter se, id. Fat. 20, 46: Liv. : 
also to obtain by 1. (with acc.), Liv. 39, 
45: hence, the act of casting lots or de- 
ciding by lot, sortitio, Pl.: Cic.: also 
(not in Cic.), sortitus, ts, Pl.: Virg.: adv. 
sortito, by casting l.: to be chosen by I., 
sortito capi, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, 126. 
Fig.: it falls to amy one’s 1, contingit 
(with dat.): v. TO HAPPEN (2). ll. 
Fortune, circumstances: 1, sors (poet. 
and late): content with one’s |., sorte 
contentus, Hor. Sat.1,1,imit.: Tac. 2, 
fortiina: v. FORTUNE. (In this sense 
the word need often not be expressed 
literally: which of these two has the 
more enviable l.? uter horum beatior? 
O happy l. of the husbandman! O for- 
tunatos agricolas! Virg. G. 2, 458.) 

II]. 4 portion; esp. of land: agel- 

lus, modus agri v. PLOT. At an auc- 
tion, titilus (?). 

loth (adj.): invitus: v. UNWILLING. 

lotion: linimentum: cf. LINIMENT. 

lottery : sortes, sortitio: v. Lor (1.). 

lotus: l0tos and lotus, i, f.: Plin. 
The l.-eaters, lotophigi, orum, and On: 
Plin. 5, 4, 4: Ov. 

loud: 1, clarus (distinctly audi- 
ble): with al. voice, c. voce (ut omnis 
contio audire posset], Cic. Clu. 48, 134: 
Caes. So, with a l. voice, claré (adv ): 
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 59. 2. magnus (of 
the voice raised beyond an ordinary 
pitch of loudness): having said this 
with a l. voice, haec quum m. voce dix- 
isset, Qpes. B. G. 4, 25: Cic. A lL. cry, 
clamor}: v. SHOUT, CRY. 

loudly: magna voce: Caes. B. G. 4, 
25: v. preced. art. (Clare = aloud, as 
distinct from an undertone or whisper : 
ef. Hor. Ep. 1. «.) Validius clamare, 
Phaedr. 3, 16, 6 = to cry more lustily, 
vigorously. 

loudness: magnitiido (e. g. vocis): 
Auct. Her. 3, 11, 20. (Or expr. by 





ote y Lok c 
oud-roaring: altitdnans, ntis, 
(poet.) : Luecr 

lounge (v.). 1, perh. vagor, 1 (to 
stroll about): cf. Hor, S. 1, 6, 122: see 
also TO IDLE. 2. désideo, sédi, 2 (to 
| be idle, inactive, waste time): cf. Ter. 
Hec. 5, 3, 2, frustra ubi totum desedi 
diem: so, tol. at a show, in spectaculo 
| d., Sen. Ep. 7, 2: v. TO IDLE, 

lounge: lectus, lectiilus: v. coucu. 

lounger: ambiilator (one who is 
given to gad about): Cato, R. R. 5, 
tnit.: Mart. 

louse: pédiciilus: Cels.; Plin. In 
pl. pédes, um, m.: PL Cure. 4, 2, 13: 
Varr. 

louse-wort : herba pédiciilaris : Col. 





lousy; pédiciildsus: Mart. 

lout (subs.): homo agrestis, rusticus 
i V. CLOWN 

lout (v.) ¥. TO Bow {II.). 


loutish; agrestis, rusticus: v 
CLOWNISH. 
love(subs.): 1. Amor (in all senses): 


foll. by in or erga and acc., or by gen.. 
our Ll. towards you, noster in te a., Cic.: 
to feel l. for any one, a. erga aliquem 
habere, Cic.: but when the object is not 
a person, the gen. only should be used: 
e. g. the l. of knowledge, of glory, etc., 
a. cognitionis, gloriae, etc., Cic. pass. to 
fall in love at first sight, uno aspectu in 
a. incidere, Cic. Inv. 1, 43, 80: to be 
deeply in l. with any one, amore alicujus 
ardere, Cie. Verr. 2, 2, 47, 116. 2. 
caritas (lit. dearness: hence, affection 
attachment, arising out of the sense 0, 
worth in any person or thing): the 1. o7 
children and parents for each other, ea 
c. quae inter natos et parentes est, Cic. 
Am. 8, 27: same constr. as amor: J. for 
one’s country, erga patriam c., Liv. 1, 
34, med.: but the gen. is more freq., 
e. g., l. for country and kindred, c. pa- 
triae et suorum, Cic. Off. 3, 27, 100: 
Vulg. 1 Cor. xiii.: Serr. Eccl. i 
sttidium (eager desire for, or interest in, 
persons or things; esp. the latter): v. 
ZEAL, FONDNESS (2), DEVOTION. Phr.: 
to fall in l. with, adamare. Vv. TO FALL 
(in love with). (N.B.—For love as term 
of endearment, v. DARLING.) 
love (v.): |. To feel attachment 
or? 1, amo, 1 (to Ll. affectionately 
and warmly : cf. inf. 2): the boys l. each 
other, pueri inter se amant, Cic. Att. 6, 
1, 9: to l. heartily, ex animo a., id. Q. 
Fr. 1, 1, 5: to l. any one specially, ali- 
quem singulari amore (unice) a., Cic. 
Fam. 15, 20. Join: amare (aliquem) 
carumque habere, Cic. Att. 2,20. Comps. 
(1) déamo, 1 (to l. passionately): Pl.: 
Ter, (2) rédimo, 1 (to l. in return): 
Cic. Am. 14, 49 (an unusual expr.). 
2. diligo, exi, ectum, 3 (to 2. dis- 
creetly, but without warmth: to esteem 
highly): cf. Cic. Fam. 13, 47, eum a me 
non diligi solum, sed etiam amari: 
amare and diligere are often joined: cf. 
ib. 15, 7, te semper amavi dilexique : 
Ter.: the Gods Ll. each other and provide 
Jor men, Dii inter se d, et hominibus 
consulunt, Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 122. Il. 
them both extremely, ego ambo unice di- 
ligo, id. Fam. 5, 8, 2: to respect and lt. 
as a father, sicut parentem et observare 
et d., ib. paulo infr. 3, amplexor, 1 
(to cling to and make much of): cf 
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, med., Appius totum me 
amplexatur. 4, dépéreo, 4, irr. (lit. 
to be dying for: hence, to be passionately 
enamoured of): foll. by acc. of direct 
object, Pl. Cist. 1, 3, 43: but in prose, 
deperire amore alicujus, Liv. 27, 15, 
med,. also foll. by in and abd., Curt. 8 
6. 5, like preced. ardeo, si, sum, 2° 
with direct ace., Virg. E. 2. 1: in prose 
better, ardere amore alicujus, Curt. 8, 6: 
also, fagrare amore alicujus, Cic. Tuse 
4, 33, 71. Phr.. they l. each other, 
uterque utrique cordi est, Ter. Ph. 5, 3, 
17: cf. infr. (IL, 2). ||. To take plea- 
sure in: often foll. by inf.: 1, expr. 
by jiivat, délectat, 1 (with acc. of per- 
sonal subject): ef. Hor. Od. 1, 1, init. : 
Ov. R. Am. 103: v. TO DELIGHT. (N.B.— 
The use of amo in similar sense =soleo, 
is purely poet.: cf. Hor. Od. 3, 16, 10.) 
2. expr. by cordi est (with dat. of 
person = it is to the taste of): he al- 
ways l.d an austere life, sibi vitam 
semper horridam cordi fuisse, Cic. Quinz 
30, 93: Hor. 8. gaudeo, gavisus, 2 
(to rejoice in): tol. the country, rure g., 
Hor. S. I, 10, 45: also foll. by inf.: v. 
TO REJOICE. 
love-affair: v. AMOUR. 
love-feast: Agape. és, f.: Tert. 
love-knots: incantata vincila: Hor. 
S. 1, 8,49 cf. Virg. E. 8, 78 
love-letter : *épistéla Aam&toria ; lit 
terae amatoriae (Cic. bas epistola ama- 
torie scripta, a letter written in lovers? 








style, Ph. 2, 31, 77). 


love-potion : 1, Smatorium: t 


> 


LOVE-POEM 


LOWLINESS 








give any one a l., alicui a. dare, Quint. | 56: a 1. murmur, s. murmur, Quint. 11, 


", 8,2: Plin.: also, amatorium medica- 
mentum, Suet. Cal. 50; amatorium ve- 
nenum (cf. Plin. 9, 25, 41, amatoriis vene- 
ficiis infamis, i.e. notorious for use in 
love-potions); or amatorium poculum, 
Paul. in Forcell. (amatorium being 
strictly neut. of adj.). 2, philtrum 
Or. otArpov’ rare): Ov. A. A. 2, 105: 
uv. (in both cases pl.). 
love-poem : carmen 4matorium: cf. 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, extr., Anacreontis tota 
poesis est amatoria; or carmen €r0ti- 
cum: cf. Gell. 19, 9. 
loveliness: 1. vénustas (beauty 
and grace): Join: venustas et pul- 
chritudo, Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95: cf. GRACE 
V., 3): 2, meton. Véuus, éris, f.: 
or. Od. 4, 13, 17. See also BEAUTY. 
3, amoenitas (strictly, of places 
and natural scenery): extreme l. of a 
river, samma fluminis a., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 
I, init.: also in pl., l. of shores, coasts, 
aoenitates orarum et litorum, Cic. N. D. 
2, 39, 100: PI. 4, amabilitas (rare) : 
Pl. Stich. 5, 4, extr. 
lovely: 
ture to excite love): Lucr. 1, 24: Cic. 
2. vénustus (graceful, charming) : 
(Venus) loveliest goddess, venustissima, 
Pl. Poen. 5, 4,5: Cic.: V.GRACEFUL. 38, 
moenus (strictly, of scenery): Vv. DE- 
LIGHTFUL. 
lover: |. One who is fond of 
anything: 1, amator, f. -trix: a l. 
of peace, pacis a., Cic. Att. 14, 10; of 
the country, ruris a., Hor. 9. amans, 
stiididsus: Vv. FOND OF, DEVOTED. Phr.: 
such a l. of truth, adeo veritatis diligens, 
Nep. Epam. 3. IJ. One who is in 
love: 1, amans, atis (nsu. af the 
man: but in pl. including both sexes): 
nothing more cruel than a l., nibil du- 
Tius amante, Prop.: J.s’ quarrels, aman- 
tium irae, Ter. Andr. 3, 3, 23: Ov. ; 
amator (a wooer): esp. in bad sense, a 
paramour: Cic. Coel. 20, 49: Hor. 
Fem. amatrix: Pl.: Mart. 
loving (part. adj.) : |. Fond of: 
mans, intens. péramans; stididsus: 
v. FOND OF. I. Affectionate: amans: 
most gentle and 1. words, lenissima et 
amantissima verba, Cic. Fam. 5, 15. 
Phr.: to be very Ll. with any one, ali- 
quem osculari atque amplexari, Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 1, 27. 
loving - kindness : 
Vulg. Ps. Lxii. 4. 
lovingly: amanter: Cic.: Tac. Very 
1., peramanter : Cic. 
low (adj.): |, In a depressed posi- 
tion : i himilis, e (denoting usu. 
that which itself has little altitude: but 
also in pres. sense): in the lest ground, 
humillimo solo, Just. 2,1: 1. (= flying 
low) with elipt wings, decisis humilem 
pennis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50: Virg. Od 
démissus: 1. marshy ground, loca d. ac 
palustria, Caes. B. C. 3, 49. 8. de- 
pressus: to pitch a camp in l. ground, 
d. loco castra ponere, Front. 1. 5, 24. 
Join: humilis et depressus, Plin. Ep. 
9, 26, 2. 4, in compar. degree, in- 
férior, us (for use of positive see LOWER, 
adj.): from the Ler ground, ex inferiore 
loco, Caes. B. C. 2, 25: Cic. So, lowest, 
infimus or imus: that the earth is the 
Lest (ody), terram esse infimam, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 6, 17: Caes.: to change highest 
to Lest, ima summis mutare, Hor. Od. 1, 
34, fin. Phr.: the l. and level parts of 
the city, jacentia et plana urbis loca, 
Tac. H. 1. 86: along the lL. (level) ground, 
per plana, Plin. Ep 9, 26,2. =‘ ||, Hav- 
ing in itself litile height: 1, hi- 
mills: a 1. tower, turris h., Caes. B. C. 
2, 8: Virg. 2. démissus (rare in 
this sense): fo swim across (a river) 
where the banks were l.er, demissioribus 
ripis tranare, Auct. B. Alex. 29. Ill. 
Of the tide: Phr.: ot l. water, *aestus 
recessu (decessu); ubi aestus recessit : 
Vv. TIDE. IV. Of sounds: (i.) low- 
pitched: gravis, €: opp. to acutus (so- 
nus), Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. In superl. 
(besides gravissimus), infimus or imus: 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 8. (ii) not loud: sum- 
missus: in a l. tone, s. voce, Cic. Or. 17, 


miséricordia : 


1, amabilis, e (ef a na- | 





3, 45. Adv. summisse, in al. quiet tone: 
Cic. To s in a l. tone, mussare, 
mussitare, Liv.: see also TO WHISPER, 
MUTTER. V. Of price, cheap: vilis, 
e€: v.CHEAP. To bel, jacére: Cic. Att, 
9, 9- VI. Humble, obscure: himilis, 
obscirus, etc.: v. HUMBLE (I.). Phr.: 
people of a Ler class, qui tenuioris or- 
dinis sunt, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30. Vil. 
Degraded, mean: 1, turpis: V. BASE. 

9. sordidus (esp. with ref. to lom, 
shabby conduct): the Lest of the low, 
sordidissimus quisque, Liv. 1, 47, jin.: 
v. MEAN, 3, inquinatus (foul, pol- 
luted): a l. verse, versus i., Cic. Or. 
49, 163. 4, abjectus (without dig- 
nity): Cic. opt. gen. Or. 3, 7. Phr.: 
to pick up a piece of I. abuse, male- 
dictum ex trivio arripere, Cic. Mur. 
6, 13: 1. expressions, verba ex triviis 
petita, cf. Hor. A. P. 245; ignominiosa 
dicta, ib. 247. (Plebeius sermo denotes 


simply plain, homely diction; not low: | 


Vill. | 


so, trivialis.) See also VULGAR. 
Depressed, wanting animation: Phr.: 
in l. spirits, tristis, moestus: V. SAD. 
See also TO DISCOURAGE. IX. Nearly 
exhausted: expr. by déficio, 3: the sup- 
ply of provisions was l., *deficiebat res 
frumentaria: or parum sufficiebat: v. 
TO FAIL. 
low (adv.): |. Not aloft: TE 
hiimiliter: Plin. Ep. 6, 24, 1 (humillime 
deprimi, fig.): Pall. 9. expr. by hi- 
milis, e (cf. L. G. § 343): the bird flies L., 
avis h. volat, Virg. Aen. 4, 255. 3. 
démisse: Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 23. 4, as 
compar. inférius (lower) : Ov. M. 2, 137. 
I. In a suppressed voice : summisse, 
summissa voce: v. Low, adj. (1V.). 
low (v.): migio, 4: Liv. Also, mu- 
gitum edere, Ov. M. 7, 597; dare, id. 
F. 1, §60; tollere, Virg. Aen. 2, 223. 
low-born: dégéner, éris: Tac. 
lower (adj.): [. In local sense: 
1. inférus (situated below): esp. in 
phr., inf. mare, the l. (Tuscan) sea, Plin. 
3, 5, 10: Mela: the 1. regions, inferi, 
orum (Vv. INFERNAL). See also Low, adj. 
(1, 4). 2. infernus (like preced.): 
the l. regions, inf. partes, poet. in Cic. 
N. D. 2, 44, 114: Liv. As subs. inferna, 
orum, the l. parts of the body, Plin. 
II. Socially: Phr.: the l. classes, 
vulgus, i, m. (rarely m.): cf. Sall. Cat. 
20, ceteri omnes... . vulgus fuimus (ie 
were regarded as “the lower classes,”) : 
Virg.: also, pleb- (esp. in later writers): 
Liv. 5, 39, fin. (multitudo de plebe, opp. 
to the nobiles). More contemptuously, 
plebecula. Cic. Att. 1, 16,6; Hor.: also 
popellus, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 65. 
lower (adv.): inférius: v. LOW 
’.), 


U.). 

lower (v.): 
To let down: 1, démitto, misi, ssum, 
3: tol. the fasces, d. fasces, Cic. Rep. 2, 
31: to Ll. the yards, antennas d., Ov. 
For to lower sails, v. TO FURL. 2). 
submitto, 3: to Ll, the fasces, fasces s., 
Plin. ||, To drop the voice: submitto, 
3: Quint. 1, 8, 1. I]. Zo diminish 
prices: Phr.: to l. the price of corn, 
pretia frugum levare, Tac. H. 2, 59; 
majorem annonae vilitatem efficere, 
Cic. Man. 15, 44. IV. To humiliate: 

1, abjicio, jéci, ctum, 3: he l.’d the 

authority of the senate, senatus auctori- 
tatem abjecit, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 4: tol. 
(degrade) oneself, se abj., Cic. Tusc. 2, 
23, 54: Nep. 2, demitto, 3. Tac. A. 
14, 26 (usque ad servilem patientiam 
demissus). 3, minuo, imminuo, 3 (in 
connexion with certain words): v. TO 
IMPAIR. B, Intrans.: to appear 
dark and threatening: perb. obsctirari 
(R. and A.). Phr.: the sky ls darkly, 
*denuntiat coelum obscuratum imbres 
ac tempestates. 

lowering (adj.): minax: y. THREAT- 
ENING. See also DARK, GLOOMY. 

lowermost; infimus: v. Low (1.). 

lowing (subs.): mugitus, tis: v. TO 
Low. 

low-lands: loca plana, campestria : 
Y. LEVEL, FLAT, 


lowliness : |. Low condition: 


AS UE ranis:: 1. | 








hiimilitas, obsciritas: v. HUMBLENESS, 
{]. Jn moral sense: animus démis- 
sus, himilitas (late): v. HUMILITY, 
lowly: |. Jn low condition: hii- 
milis, obscirus: v. HUMBLE (1.). il 
Thinking humbly of oneself: démisso 
animo, himilis (late): v. HUMBLE (II.). 
lowness: |. Of position: himi- 
litas: Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91: but humilitas 
usu. denotes the lowness of an object in 
itself, not its mere position: the latter 
may often be expr. by adj.: in demisso 
s. humili loco esse, etc.: v. Low, adj. 
(L). I]. Of stature or perpendicular 
dimension: himilitas: l. of trees, h. 
arborum. Sall. Jug. 49: Cues.: Cic 
I. OF birth, origin: 1. bimi- 
Iitas : to look down on the l. of any one’s 
origin, h. cujusquam despicere, Cic. Ph. 
13, 10, 23: more precisely, b. generis 
Sall. Jug. 73; h. natalium, Plin. 9: 
ignobilitas (lack of distinction and emi- 
nence): 1. of extraction, ign. generis, 
Cic. Mur. 8, 17 (but the term does not 
denote so humble a positiun as the 
Eng.). 3, obsciiritas: v. OBSCURITY. 
4, sordes, ium (eztreme l1.): v. 
MEANNESS. IV. Of price: vilitas; 
Vv. CHEAPNESS. V. Of sentiment, ete. : 
Vv. MEANNESS, VULGARITY. 
low-spirited: jacens, animo de- 
misso s. afflicto: v. DEJECTED. 
low-thoughted ; perb. sordidus (w 
MEAN): or more precisely, *humilia co- 
gitans; nibil altum spirans. 
loyal: fidélis, e (nearest word): 
more precisely, fidelis in reges; fideliter 
animatus erga dominos. 
loyally ; fidéliter: v. LoYaL. 
loyalty: fides s. fidélitas in reges 
(dominos). 
lozenge: J. figure: scitila: 
Tac. Agr. 10: Vitr. (Math. ¢. t, 
thombus: Front. Goes. p. 36.) I. 4 
comfit: perh. pastillus: cf. Hor. 8. 1, 
2, 27: Piin. 
lozenge-shaped: scutulae formam 
habens: cf. Tac. Agr. Io. 
lubber: stipes, caudex, etc.: v. 
BLOCKHEAD. 
lubberly: perh. stolidus: v. stuPm. 
lubricate: ungo, xi, ctum, 3: v. TO 
ANOINT, BESMEAR. (Lubrico, V. RARE: 
ef. Juv. 11, 173.) 
lubrication: expr. [by ungo, 3: y. 
TO ANOINT. 
lucent: licens: Ov.: v. LuciD. 
lucern; médica: Virg. G. 1, 215: 
Plin. 
lucid: |. Shining, bright: li- 
cidus: Lucr.: Hor.: Ov.: Vv. BRIGHT. 
ll. Vransparent: licidus, pelli- 
cidus: Vv. TRANSPARENT. |||, Distinct, 
perspicuous : 1, licidus (not in Cic.) : 
l. arrangement, 1. ordo, Hor. A. P. 41 
a more l. author, lucidior auctor, Quint. 
9. dilficidus: a simple and l. ex- 


| planation, simplex et dilucida expositio, 


Auct. Her. 2, 2, 3. IV. Mentally 
bright; sane: Phr.: when the insane 
have a 1. interval, insani quum relax- 
antur, Cic. Acad. 2, 17, 52: if a mad- 
man has a l. interval, si furiosus inter- 
missionem habet, Ulp. Dig. 28, 1, 20. 
lucidly: 1, licidé: to define a 
word l., 1. verbum definire, Cic. de Or. 2, 
25, 108: to speak L., 1. dicere, Quint. 
Join: 1. et plane (dicere), Cic. 5. 
diliicidé: to explain L., d. explicare, Cic. 
Div. 1, 51, 117: Liv. See also CLEARLY. 
Lucifer: The morning-star : 
J, Lucifer, éri, m.: Cie. N. D. 2, 
29, fin.: Virg.:_Ov. _2, Phosphorus: 
Mart. 3, Eous: Virg. G. 1, 288 
Il. Satan: Licifer: Vulg. Es. xiv. 
12. See also SATAN 
luck: |. Chance, accident: c&sus, 
lis; furs; fortiina: v. CHANCE. il. 
Fortune, good or bad: (i}. good luck: 
felicitas: Cic. Man. 10, 28; fortina se- 
cunda: v. PROSPERITY. Phr.: may 
the gods give you good l. in what you 
undertake, dii vertant bene quod agas! 
Ter. Hec. 1, 2,121: I wish you good L., 
Tsay, and I applaud you, feliciter velim, 
inquam, teque laudo, Cic. Att. 13, 42: 
with good 1, secundis avibus, Liv. 6, 
12; bonis avibus, Ov F. 1, 513. (ii). 
452 


LUCKILY 





LUMP 





bad luck: infélicitas, ler. Ad. 4, 2, 5 
fortiina adversa, Vic. (a more dignified 
expr. than the Eng.): v. ADVERSITY. 
Phr.: to have better 1. at dice, prospe- 
riore alea uti, Suet. Cal. 41: “ith bad 
1, malis avibus, cf. Hor. Od 1, 15, 5. 

luckilv; 1. feliciter: this thing 
turned out l. for me, ea res mihi f. evenit, 
Cic. Mur. 1, t: the east wind has 1. 
brought you, te f. attulit Enrus, Ov. M. 
9, 659. 9. fausté, Cic.: v. AUSPI- 
CIGUSLY. 3. prospére: to turn out L., 
p. evenire, Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 167: more 
1, prosperius, (ell.: most L., prosper- 
rime, Vell. Join: fauste, feliciter, 
prospereque, Cic.: bene et feliciter, Cie. 

luckless; infelix: v. UNLUCKY, UN- 
HAPPY. 

lucky : |. Enjoying good for- 
tune: 1, félix: JU. days, felices 
operum dies, Virg. G. t, 276: ef. Hor. S. 
I, 6, 52: Vv. FORTUNATE. 9. fortt- 
natus ( favoured of fortune): v. HAPYY 
(ie%3): I]. Bringing or indicating 
good fortune: faustus, auspicatus, etc. : 
v. AusPicious. Phr.: may this under- 
taking be a l. one, quod bonum, faustum, 
felix fortunatumque sit! Cic. Div. 1, 45, 
102. 

lucrative: 1, quaestudsus (esp. 
in the way of trade): Cic. Tuse. 5, 31, 
init. 9, fructudsus: v. P‘OrITABLE. 

3, lucrosus (poet. and late): JU. 

pleasure, 1. volup'as, Ov. A. I, 10, 35: 
Plin. 4, lucrativus (post <Aug.): 
Quint.: Vv. PROFITABLE. 5, méri- 
torius (by which money ts earned) : 
1. professions (i.e. not pursued merely 
for their own sake), m. artificia, Sen. Ep. 
88, init. Phr.: a chance of a Ll. trans- 
action, potestas conficiendae pecuniae, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 33: to exercise so l.a 
profession, in tanto fructu artem ex- 
ercere, Plin. 

lucre: 1, lucrum, quaestus (nei- 
ther necessarily implying blame): sell 
your soul for filthy lucre, vende animam 
lucro, Pers. 6,5: Vv. GAIN. 2, quaes- 
tus, ts: Cic. Join: quaestus ac lu- 
crum, Cic. 3, merces, @dis, f. (in 
good or bad sense): to be perverted to 
mere l. (of divination), ad mercedem 
atque quaestum abduci, Cic. Div. 1, 41, 
fin, 


lucubrate : 1, lucubro, 1 (to 
work by candle-light): Cels. 1, 2, med. : 
Plin. min. Also to produce by night- 
study, Cic. Par, prooem.: Mart. 9. 
@licubro, 1 (to compose by candle-light) : 
Cic. Br. go, extr.: Tac.: Col. 

lucubration : |. Night study: 
licubraiio: Cic. Div. 2, 68, fin. Il. 
That which is produced by night study : 
lacubratio Cic. Fam. 9, 2. Dimin. 
lucubratiuncula (a trifling 1.), Gell. 
pref. 

luculent: liciilentus, clarus: v. 
CLEAR. 

ludicrous; ridiciilus: v. RIDICULOUS. 

ludicrously; ridicile, ridiculum in 
modum: V. RIDICULOUSLY. 

luff (”): i.e. to keep a vessel close to 
the wind: Phr.: sinus (velorum) in 
ventum obliquare, Virg. Aen. 5, 16: 
*navem ad ventum vertere. 

lug (v.): traiho, 3: v. TO DRAG, PULL. 

luggage: 1. sarcinae, arum (prop. 
the ienapsacks or personal baggage of 
@ soldier): Caes. 9. impédimenta, 
orum (esp. of an army): with no L., 
with no Greek companions, nullis imp., 
nullis Graecis comitibus, Cic. Mil. 10: 
v. BAGGAGE (where the difference be- 
tween sarcinae and impedimenta is ex- 


plained). 3, onus, Eris, 7. (usu. pl.) : 
Caes. 4, instrimentum, Cic Att. 
12, 32. 


lugger: vectorium navigium: Caes. 
lugubrious: lugitbris, flebilis: v. 
MOURBNEUL. 
lukewarm: |, Slightly warm: 
1, egélidus (with the chill off): a 
l. drink, e. potio (et frigidae propior), 
Cels. 4, 18, fin. Q. tépidus: Ll. broth, 
t. jus, Hor. Il. Fig.. not zealous: 
1, tépidus: a 1. mind, t. mens, Ov. 
R. Am. 629: to become somewhat U., 
tepidiorem fieri, Pl. 2. frigidus (cold, 
454 





indifferent: stronger than Enz.): @ L. 
accuser, f. accusator, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 
med. Join: nimis lentus et paene 
frigidus, Cic. Brut. 48, 178. 3. lan- 
guidus (lifeless, lacking energy): Cic. 
4, lentus, rémissus: Vv. INDIF- 
FERENT. Phr.: /. in veligion, circa 
deos ac religiones negligentior, Suet. Tib. 
69: to make l., tepefacere, Cic.: Virg. 
(v. TO WARM): to beL., tepere: v. (WARM, 
TO BE). Incept. tepescere, Cic, 
lukewarmly : |. With moderate 
warmth: tépidé: Col.: Plin. Il. 
Fig.: with indifference : 1, frigide: 
to act l., f. agere, Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3. 2. 
gélidé: to do everything l., omnes res g. 
ministrare, Hor. A. P. 171. Join: 
timide gelideque, Hor. 8. languide: 
Cic. 4, segniter (slackly): Liv. 
lukewarmness: |, Lit.: tépor: 
Gic.: Liv. Il. Fig.: 1, tépor 
(rare): Tac. Dial. 21, med. (lentitudo ac 
tepor, want of life and interest). : 
languor: Cic. Phr.: to xhibit lL. ina 
cause, languido studio in causa esse, Cic. 
Lig. 9, 28: JU. in religion, *lentus in 
rebus divinis animus et paene frigidus, 
cf. Cic. Brut. 48, 178: in the midst of 
the general L., languentibus omnium stu- 
diis, Tac. H. 1, 39. 
lull (v.): |. Trans.: to compose 
to sleep by a pleasing sound: Phr.: it 
will l. with light, whispering noise, levi 
somnum suadebit inire susurro, Virg. EK. 
I, 54: So, somnum suadere, Stat. Th. 5, 
616. ‘|, To compose, quiet : sedo, 1: to 
1. a tempest, tempestatem s., cf. Cic. Verr. 
2, 1, 18, 46: to Ll. pains, do'ores s., Plin : 
Vv. TO ASSUAGE, MITIGATE. Ul. In- 
trans.: 1, rélanguesco, gui, 3 (rare): 
Sen. Q. N. 5, 8, fin. (of the wind). Oy 
expr. by pass. refl. of sedo, 1: the storm 
Ls, tempestas sedatur, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
18, 46: the winds having 1.’d, sedatis 
ventis, Ov. 3, cado, cécidi, casum, 3: 
the violence of the wind was ld, venti 
vis omnis cecidit, Liv. 26, 39: v. TO 
suBsIDE. Phr: the winds lid, venti 
posuere (poet.), Virg. Aen. 7, 27. 
lull (subs): expr. by verb: there is 
a l.in the wind, venti sedantur, relan- 
guescunt: v. TO LULL. 
lullaby: 1, lallus or lallum: the 
sleep-bringing strains of a L., lalli som- 
niferi modi, Aus. Epist. 16, 91. 2. 
quérela (any plaintive strain): to invite 
sleep by a long 1., longa somnum suadere 
q., Stat. Th. 5,616. Phr.: to sing al, 
lallo, t: Pers. 3, 18. 
lumbago: lumbago, inis, /: Fest. 
lumbar: (pertaining to the loins): 
expr. by gen. of lumbus: v. Lorn. (Or 
perh. lumbaris, e: a subs. lumbare, is, 
n., an apron for the loins, occurring in 
late Lat.) 
lumber (szs.) : 1. scriita, orum, 
n. pl. (old goods, trumpery wares): Hor, 
Ep: 1, 993765: Petr: 2. *stipellex 
obsoleta ; instrimenta domestica ob- 
soleta. 
luminarv: |. Lit.: limen, inis, 
n.: Virg. G. 1, 6: Ov. ll. Fig.: 
lumen: those most distinguished men, 
the Ls of the state, praestantissimi viri, 
lumina reipublicae, Cic. Ph. 2, 15, 37: 
used ironically, id, Mil. 12, ext. (lumen 
curiae). 
luminous: |. Lit.: giving light: 
illustris, liicidus, etc.: v. BRIGHT. Phr.: 
the glow-worm’s tail is 1., *cicindelae 
cauda lucem in se habet; propria luce 
splendescit. |], Fig.: dilticidus, etc. : 
v. Luci (II.). 
luminously : licadé, dilucidé (fig.) : 
Vv. LUCIDLY, CLEARLY. 
lump (swbs.) : |. A small mass : 
1, gléba or glaeba (strictly, of earth ; 
hence of any similar substince): Ls of 
tallow and pitch, sevi ac picis gl., Caes. 
B. G. 9,25: a U. of salt, g. salis, Plin. 
Dimin. giebula (a small l.): Vitr. 2, 
massa (of dough, etc.): a l. of pitch, m. 
picis, Virg. G. 1, 275: @ L. of cheese, m. 
lactis coacti, Ov. Dimin. massula (a 
small 1.) : Col. 8, offa (ball-shaped, 
rolled in the hand): gum rolled in Ls, 
gummi in offas convolutum, Plin. 12, 9, 
1g. |], A mass of promiscuously mized 


LURE 


things : congéries, éi: Ov. M. 1, 33: in 
same sense, massa, ib. 70: Vv. HEAP, 
Phr.: in the l. (or gross), per saturam, 
Sall. Jug. 29: also may be freq. expr. 
by universus : cf. Ter. Ph. I, 1, 9. 
lump (.): cOacervo, I: v. TO HEAP. 
lumpish : |. In lumps, thick: 
crassus: Cic. |], Stupid: 1, hébes, 
étis: a Ll. fellow, h. homo, Cic. Q: 
crassus: the l. crowd, c. turba, Mart. 
8. stolidus: Join: indocti sto- 
lidique, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 184. 4, sti- 
pidus: Join: stupidus et bardus, Cic. 
Fat. 5, 10: V. DULL, INACTIVE. 
lumpy: 1, glébosus (forming in 
clods): l. earth, terra g, Plin. a 
*clebis s. massis abundans, glebis plenus. 
lunacy: 1. Aliénatio mentis: Cels. 
9. aliénatio: Sen. 3, *sélénias- 
mus (med. ¢. ¢.) : V. MADNEsS, INSANITY. 
lunar: linaris, e: the lL. orbit, 1. 
cursus, Cic.: @ l. ,ainbor, arcus 1., Sen.: 
Phr.: 4. year, annus ad cursus lunae 
descriptus, Liv. 1, 19 (annus lunaris, as 
scient. ¢. t.): 1. caustic, common term 
for *argenti nitras, or nitvate of silver 
(Mayne). 
lunated (formed like a half-moon) : 
lunatus: al. sword, 1. ferrum, Lucan. 
lunatic (adj.): lunaticus : Paul. Dig. 
21,1, 43 § 6. See also MAD, INSANE. 
lunatic (svbs.); homo insanus, firi- 
Osus: Cic.: v. MAD. 
lunch (subs.) ' 1, prandium (@ 
luncheon light morning meal) : 
Vv. BREAKFAST. 2. mérenda (taken in 
the afternoon ; but be/ore dinner : rare) : 
Pl. Most. 4, 35) 243) sid: szo;g25e32. 
3, antécoenium (like preced. : rare) : 
Isid. 1. c. Phr.: to take a slight L., 
gustare, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 11. 
lunch (v): 1, prandeo, di, sum, 2 
(corresponding to prandium: v. preced. 
art. 1): Vv. TO BREAKFAST. 2. mé- 
rendo, 1 (cf. preced. art. 2): Isid Or. 
20, 2, 12. 
lung: 1, pulmo, Onis, m.: usu. 
pl., pulmones: diseases of the Ls, pul- 
monis vitia, Plin. 24, 16, 92: to cure 
diseases or weaknesses of the Ls, pulmo- 
num incommoda curare, id. 28, 7, 21: 
ulcers of the 1.s, pulmonis ulcera, id. 24, 
5, 11; purulentae exulcerationes pec- 
toris pulmonisque, id. 28, 12, 53: (medi- 
cine) very useful jor the ls, uiilissimus 
pulmonibus, id. 27, 6, 24° to bring up 
blood from the Ls, ex pulmonibus san- 
guinem rejicere, cf. id. 25, 6, 24, with 
Ov. Pont. 1, 3, 19, “e molli sanguis pul- 
mone remissus -”’ inflammation of thel., 
pulmonis inflammatio, Cels.: Cie. 
(with respect to oratory): latéra, um, 
n. pl.: to exert the Ls, latera intendere, 
Cic.: with a loud voice and good Ls, 
voce magna et bonis L, Cic. Sen. 5, 14. 
lunge (subs.): ictus, Us: V. STROKE, 
THRUST. 
lunge (v.): pungo, 3: Vv. TO STAB. 
lungwort: consiligo, inis, /.: Col.: 
Plin. : (*pulmonaria officinalis, Linn.). 
lunt (the match-cord with which 
guns are fired): *finictilus stuppeus, 
or simply *funiculus. 
lupine: lipinus and lipinum : Cato 
Plin. L.-seeds, lupina, orum, Hor. 
lurch (subs.) : |. Of a@ ship: 
4navis subita (in latus) inclinatio. 
Il. Fig.: in phr. to leave in the 
lurch: dérélinquo. 3: Vv. TO ABANDON. 
Phr.: the rogue runs off and leaves 
me in the L., fugit improbus ac me sub 
cultro linquit, Hor Sat. 1, 9, 74: lo 
be left in the 1, *in angustiis deseri : 
V. STRAITS. 
lurch (v.): perh. *subito inclinari (in 
latins). 
lurcher: |. One who waits to 
steal : insidiator, Cic, I. 4 hind of 
sporting dog: canis (gen. term): v. 
HOUND. 
lure (subs.): |. Lit.: something 
held out to call a hawk: perh. illex, or 
illix, Icis: v. DECOY. I]. Fig.: ene 
ticement: 1, esca: Pl.: Cic.: v. BAIT. 
9. illécébrae, arum:; v. ALLURE- 
MENT, ENTICEMENT. 
lure (v.): 
| Petr. ll. 





_ |. Lit: mesco, 1: 
Fig.: allicio, etc.: v. TO 


r -. 


4 





LURID 


LUXURIOUS 








ALLURE, ENTICE. Phr.: ld with false 
hopes, spe falsa inductus, Cic.: spe cap- 
tus inani, Virg. Aen. 11, 49. 
lurid; liridus (yellwish-pale ; pale 
to excess): Pl.: Hor.: v. GHASTLY. 
lurk: 3. lateo,2: a snake Ls in 
the grass, |. anguis in herba, Virg. E. 3, 
g3. Fig.: war Ls under the name of 
peace, sub nomine pacis bellum L., Cic. 
Phil 12, 7, 17: to Ll. for the purpose 
of dishonesty, fraudationis causa L., Cic. 
int. 23, 714. Frequent. latito, 1 (to 
be in the habit of lurling): a Ling wild 
boar (i.e. in his lair), latitans aper, 
Hor. Od. 3, 12, 11: Cic. 9. délitesco, 
lititi, 3 (to go to hide): wild beasts 1. 
(hide themselves) in their lairs. bestiae 
in cubilibus d., Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 126. 
lurker: insidiator: a 1. in the high- 
way, insidiator viae, Cic. 
tmperf. part. of insidior, esp. in pl. : 
L. G. § 638.) 
lurking (@/j.): 1, Spertus, oc- 
wultus: v. SECRET. 9. caecus (not 
outwardly visible) : U. snales, c. colubri, 
Col. 10, 231: 1. ambush and arms, insi- 
jae armaque c., Ov. F. 2, 214. 
Jurking (s/bs.): lititatio: Quint. 
lurking-vlace: 1, latebra, usu. 
pl. (chiefly of men): to rush from the 
1, latebri~ se eripere, Caes. B. G. 6, 4%: 
to conceal oneself in Ls, latebris se v0o- 
cultare, Cic. Man. 3, 7. 2, latibilum 
(chiefly of avimals): wild beasts conceal 
themselves in |.s, ferae latibulis se te- 
gunt, Cic. Rab, Post. 15, 42. 
luscious: expr. by dulcis, praedul- 
cis: cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99, valde dulcis 
(so, sweet as to be l.): 1. wines, pravdulcia 
vina, Pin. 14, 6,8 $64. /Aaxtremely L., 
summa atque acerrima dulcitudine, cf. 
Cic. 1. c. 
lusciousness: summa s. nimia dul- 
citudo: cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99. 
lust (subs.): |. Carnal desire: 
libido, inis, f.: to be inflamed by L., 
libidine uccendi, Sill. Cat. 25: Cic. [J 
Any violent or irregular desire: nl 
libido: the enjoyment of Ls, fructus libi- 
dinum, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 8: to be a slave 
of 1., libidini parere, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60: 
libidini et cupiditati parere, id. Verr. 2, 
I, 31, 78: or libidinibus servire, cf. Cic. 
Am, 22, 82: to restrain one’s Ls, snas 
libidines cohibere, Cic. Mil. 28, 76; 
2. ciipiditas (any desire, good 
or bad): to control one’s Ls, coercere 
omnes cupiditates, Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194: 
v. PASSION. Pbr.: the Ls of the flesh, 
desideria carnis, Vulg. Gal. v. 16: the 1. 
of the flesh and the 1. of the eyes, concu- 
piscentia carnis, et concupiscentia ocu- 
lorum, t Joh, ii. 16. 
lust (v.): conciipisco, 3 (in good or 
sense): V. TO DESIRE. 
lustful: 1, libidinosus (of men 
and animals): a l. man, homo 1, Cic. : 
a l. goat, caper 1., Hor.: (of things), l. 
pleasures, 1. voluptates, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 
59: l. and intemperate youth, |. et in- 
temperans adolescentia, id. Sen. 9, 29. 
2. sailax, acis: Hor.: Ov.: v. LAScI- 
vious. 3. impitdicus; impirus: v. 
UNCHASTE. 4, délicatus (prop. soft, 
luxurious, delicate; then wanton, lust- 
ful): Cic.: v. WANTON. 5, expr. by 
phr.; libidine accensus, Sall. Cat. 25: ad 


lustfulness: libido, inis, f.: v. 
LUST. 

lustily : validé (vigorously): he be- 
gan to shout out much more 1., multo 
validius clumare occoepit, Phaedr, 3, 16, 
6: Pl: v. vigorous Ly. 

lustiness: vigor: v. vicour. See 
also COKPRULENCE. 

lustral: lustralis, e: 7. (or holy) 
water, 1. aqua, Ov. Pont. 3, 2,73: a l. 
Sacrifice, or sacrifice of purification, 1. 
sacrificium, Liv. 

lustration: 1, lustratio (puri- 
Jication by sacrifice): to complete the 
sacred rites of l., lustrationis sacrum 
peragere, Liv. 40, 6. 2. lustrum (the 
purificatory sacrifice made by the cen- 


(Or expr. by | 


sors every fifth year, cf. Liv. 1, 44): to 
perform the (quinquennial) 1.1, condere, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 66, fin.: Liv. (Lustrum 
is more usu. the quinquennial period 
| itself.) 
lustre: |. Brightness, splendour : 
|nitor, splendor: v. BRIGHTNESS, BRIL- 
Liancy. fj, Fig.. 1, splendor: thel, 
| and antiquity of family, s. et vetustas 
familiae, Suet. Vesp. 1: the &. of birth 
and hereditary property, et nataliam et 
paternarum facultatum s., Plin. Ep. 10, 
3, 5: the l. and glory of the senate, 
senatus s. et gloria, Tac. H. 1, 84: the 
l. of the most distinguished men, sum- 
morum hominum s., Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 
| fin.: men of the greatest 1, homines 
|summo splendore praediti, id. Clu. 69, 
| fin.: the l. of the name, nominis s., id. 
Fin. 1, 13, 42: the l. of empire, imperii 
s., id. Man. 14, 41: the 1. of mind and 
| life, animi et vitae s., Cic. Rep. 2, 42. 
(Nore.—The word splendor is particu- 
larly applied by Cicero to the lustre of 
the equestrian ran/c: equestris splendor, 
| Cic. Ros. Am. 48, 140.) 2. fulgor 
(late): the l. of his ancestors, avitus f., 
Vell. 2, 4: the l. of renown, nominis et 
famae f, Ov. Tr. 5,12, 39: the Ll. of his 
exploits, f. rerum, Plin. 7, 26,27. Plr.: 
| (a man) without the Ll. of birth, ~ine ullis 
majorum imaginibus, Suet, Vesp. 1 (on 
this usage of imago, v. Lat. Dict. s. v.): 
to shed lL. upon: iliustro, 1: lo shed L on 
one’s fumily, familiam illustrare, Suet. 
Gal. ¢: to derive 1. from, splendesco, 3: 
there is nothing so rude as not to derive 
1. from oratory, nihil est tam incultum 
quod non splendescat oratione, Cic. 
Parad. prooem. § 3. S|. 4 chandelier 
ornamented with drops or pendents of 
cut glass: perh. lychnus: Virg. Aen. 1, 
726 \vchnus pendens, Lucr. 5, 296: or, 
lycLnichus pensilis, Plin. 34, 3, 8. 
tV.. A space of five years: lustrum: 
Liv. Hor. 

lustrous: illustris, e: the brightness 
of the sun is more l. than that of any 
constellation, solis candor illustrior est 
quam ullius ignis, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, qo: 
V. BRIGHT, SHINING. 

lustrumi: v. Lustre (IV.). 

lusty: 1, végétus (fresh, vigo- 
rous): Liv.: Hor. 2. validus (stout, 
sturdy): a 1. fellow, v. homo, Pl.: Ov.: 
v. STRONG. Phr.: a@ l. old age, cruda 
viridisque senectus, Virg. Aen. 6, 304. 

lute: cithira, fides, testiido, lyra: v. 
LYE. 

Lutheran (adj. and swhs.) . *Luther- 
anus: the L. sect or religion, *lex s. dis- 
ciplina Lutherana ; the L. worship, *sacra 
a Luthero instituta: to adopt the L. 
doctrine, *legem Lutheranam sequi (of 
an individual) ; *sacra a Luthero insti- 
tuta suscipere (of a community). 

luxate (v.): luxo, I: v. TO SPRAIN, 

luxation; luxatura: v. spRaIN. 
luxuriance: |. Exuberance in 
grouth: 1, luxiiria; luxuries, éi, 7. : 
l. of the crops, 1. segetum, Virg. G. 1, 
112: Plin. 2. laetitia (fig.): Col. 
I]. Fig.: luxiivia, -es: of style: cf. 
Cic. de Or. 2, 23, 96: in oratione, ut in 
herbis, in sunima ubertate inest l. quae- 
dam: v. EXUBERANCE. 

luxuriant : |. Exuberant tn 
growth: 1, luxtriosus: 1. crops of 
corn, frumenta 1., Cic. Or. 24, 813 1. seges, 
Ov. F. 1, 690: the Ll. vine, 1. vitis, Col. 5, 
6, fin. 2. luxiirians, ntis (part. of 
luxtirio, or luxtrior, 1, fo be 1.) comn. 





in frondem luxuriare, Plin. we 6, 34 
§ 113. 8, laetus (fig.): cf. Virg. G. 
ah REL I]. Fig.: luxtrians: of 


style: he will prune what ts 1, luxu- 
riantia compescet, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 122: 
Fertility of a 1. intellect, luxuriantis in- 
genii fertilitas, Plin. 17, 2 (2), 14. 
luxuriantly ; lae:é: Col.: Plin. 
luxuriate (".). luxiirio and luxiirior, 
1: tol. in ease, luxuriari otio, Liv. 1, 19. 
luxurious : 1, luxtridsus (en- 
slaved to pleasure, voluptuous): a 1. 
man, i. e. a voluptuary, 1. homo, Cic. 
Phil. 2, 27,66: to reprove the L., luxu- 
riesos reprehendere, id. Fin. 2, 7, 22. 
there is nothing more l., nothing more 


LYING 





lustful, nihil est luxuriosius, nibil libidi- 
nosius, id. Pis. 27, 66. 2. délicatus 
(not necessarily in a bad sense, though 
usually so): a l. young man, adolescens 
d., Cic.: 1. and obscene pleasures, |. et 
obscaena® voluptates, id. N. D. 1, 40, 111. 
al. banquet, |. convivium, id. Att. 2, 14: 
a l. retinue of women servants and 
slaves, d. ancillarum puerorumque comi- 
tatus, id. pro Mil. 10, 28. 3. mollis, 
e (prop. effeminate): Cic. Join: vo- 
luptarius, delicatus, mollis, id. Fin. 1,11, 
37. 4, lautus (especially in reference 
to food, furniture, etc.): a most lL. din- 
ner, lautissima coena, Plin. Ep.g, 17,1: @ 
magnificent and 1. dinner, coena mag- 
nifica et luuta, Cic. Fam. 9, 16: l. fur- 
niture, lauta supellex, id. de Or. 1, 36, 
165: Vv. SUMPTUOUS. 
luxuriously : 1, luxiiridsé: to 
live L, |. vivere, Cic. Coel 6, 13. 5 
délicaté : to live l. and effeminately, a. 
et molliter vivere, id. Off. 1, 30, 106. 
luxury: 1, luxus, is: a state 
cor:upted by l. and idleness, 1. atque 
desidia corrupta civitas, Sall Cat. 57: 
to pass one’s life in l. and ialeness, per 
I, ev ignaviam aetatem agere, Sull. J. 2: 
the house is set out vith the splendour 
of royal l., domus regali splendida luxu 
instruitur, Virg. Aen. 1, 637. 9. lux- 
tiria, luxuries, éi, f.: in the city l. is 
produced; Jrom 1. avarice necessarily 
springs, in urbe luxuries creatur; ex 
luxuria existat avaritia necesse est, Cic. 
Kk. Am. 27, 75. the Roman people hates 
the l. of private persovs, odit populus 
Romanus privatam luxuriam, id. Mur. 
36, 76° to wanton in 1. and debauchery, 
luxuria ¢t lascivia diffluere, Ter. Heaut, 
5. 1, 72: cf. difuere Inxuria et delicate 
ac molliter vivere, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106: 
extruvagant l., profusa L, Cic. Coel. 18, 
43: things tending to L., res ad luxuriam 
pertinentes, Caes. B. G.2,15. (Nore. — 
Luxus is luxury as an act or condition, 
and sometimes even as an object of lux- 
ury: luxiiria, luxtries, always subjec- 
tively, as a propensity and disposi ton, 
the desiderative of luxus: thus, ani- 
mis delicias, luxus, opes ignorantibus 
and further on, opinionem Juxuriae 
segnitiaeque, Sen. Ir. 1, 11: famem 
aut sitim....luxu antecapere, Sall. C. 
13; that is, by the arts of luxury: cf. 
luxuria atque ignavia pessimae artes, 
Sall. J go; that is, the tendency to 
voluptuousness.) 3. lautitia (esp. in 
food or style of living): you will have 
heard of my novel l. (in diet), fama ad 
te de mea nova I. veniet, Cic. Fam. g, 
16, fin.: to enjoy ls, in lautitiis esse, 
Petr. 32: the choicest Ls, accuratissimae 
1, Petr. 34: cf. LUXURIOUS (4). 4, 
cultus, iis (rare in this sense): the l, 
and sloth of the general, c. ac desidia 
imperatoris, Liv. 29, 21, jin.: Sall. Cat. 
13, med. (libido stupri....ceterique cul- 
tus). Phr.. 1. of the table, apparatus 
epularum, Cic. Or. 25, 83; apparatus 
prandiorum, id. Ph. 2, 39, 101: splendid 
l., magnifici apparatus, id. Off. 1, 8, 25: 
to provide such, mensas conquisitissimis 
epulis exstruere, id. Tusc. 5, 21, 62° 1. 
in dress, etc., *cultus effusior, cultus 
delicatus (Georg.). 
Lyceum: Lycéum: Cie. 
lye (water impregnated with alkaline 
salt): lixivia: Col. 12, 16 (lixivia cine- 
ris): Plin. Adj., lixivius or lixivus (of 
lye, made into I.) : l.-ashes, cinis lixivius 
; (lixivus, Cato in Plin. 14, 20, 25): to dip 
anything in l.-ashes, aliquid in cinere 
lixivio tingere, Plin. 
lying (adj.): |. Telling a lie: 
1, mendax (usu. of persons, in 
prose)- the dishonest and l. Carthagi- 
nians, Carthaginienses fraudulenti et m., 
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 95. 2. fallax (deceit- 
Ful, both of persons and things): Cic. : 
Vv. DECEITFUL. 3. vanus (empty, with- 
out reality : of persons and things): to 
| believe a l. speech, orationi v. credere, 
Cic. R. Am. 40, 117. 4. falsus, fictus 
(usu. of things): Cic.: v. FALSE. 5. 
vaniliqnus (lalking idly; esp. brag- 
ging): al. envoy, v. legatus, Liv. 35, 
48. Join: vanus mendaxque, Virg. 
455 


LYING 


—_—_— — 


MACHINE-MAKER 


MADNESS 








Aen. 2, 80: falsum aut vanum aut fic- 
tum, opposed to vera, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 24: 
res tumida, vana, ventosa, Sen. Ep. 84, 
jin.: falsa et mendacia, Cic. Div. 2, 62, 
127: v. LIAR. [|]. Part. of TO LIE: 
Qe Vai: 1, objectus (l. before or im 
front of): an island l. before Alexan- 
dria, insula ob. Alexandriae, Caes. B. C: 
3,48. 2, subjectus (J. under or near) : 
a plain 1. near the highway, s. viae 
campus, Liv. 2, 38: Caes. 3. siiper- 
jectus (1. above): Plin. 4, interjectus 
(. between): a district 1. between Rome 
and Arpi, regio int. Rornam et Arpos, 
Liv. 9,13. Lying between may also be 
expr. by médins : (Megara) a city 1. be- 
tween Corinth and Athens, media Co- 
rintho et Athenis (dat.), Vell. 1,2. 5. 
circumjectus (J. round about), forests I. 
round about the way, c. itineri silvae, 
Liv. 35, 30: also absol., towns 1. round 
about, c. oppida, Tac.: in same seuse, 
circumjacens, ‘Tac. A. 2, 72. 

lying (subs.) : the practice of telling 
lies: transl. by ger. or infin. of TO LIE, 
or by mendacitas (late and rare): Tert. 

lying-in (svbs.): _ 1, puerpérium: 
Vv. CHILDBIRTH. partus, us: Vv. 
CONFINEMENT (III.). 3. nisus or 
nixus, ts: Plin.: v. LABour (III). 

lying-in (a4j.): 1, puerpéra: PL.: 
Cat.: a wife L.-in, uxor p., Sen. Ben. 4, 
35, fin. 9, (partum) enixa (having 
actually given birth to offspring): v. TO 
BRING FORTH. A L.-in hospital, *lécho- 
dochium (= Aexodoxecov): *domus 
publica, ubi parturientibus opera prae- 
statur (R. and A.): v. TO LIE-IN. 

lymph: lympha: v. WATER. 

lynx : lynx, lyncis, c.: the spotted 1.’s 
of Bacchus, 1. Bacchi variae, Virg. G. 3, 
264: with the skin of a spotted l., macu- 
losae tegmine L., id. Aen. I, 323. 

lynx-eyed: lyncéus: Cic. Fam. 9, 2: 

. KEEN-EYED. 

lyre: J, cithara: Virg.: Hor.: 
to play on the L., or sing to the l., cithara 
canere, Plin. 8, 8, 8 § 28 (also, citharizo, 
1: Nep. Ep. 2=to play): to play on 
the 1. skilfully, uti c. perite, Plin. Ep. 5, 
19, 3: to accompany the l. with a song, 


movere ora vocalia ad c., Ov. M. 5, 3323 i 


versus cantare et formare cithara, Plin. 
Ep. 4, 19, 4: 9, lyra: the curved L., 
curva 1., Hor.: to sing on the Ll. the 


praises of any one, lyra canere laudes | 


alicujus, Ov. A. A. 3,50. (Nore.—Cithara 
and lyra are Greek words: they origi- 
nally indicated the same instrument: on 
their subsequent difference, v. Dict. of 
Ant. 721.) 3, fides, ium, f. (orig. 
gut-strings: the pure Lat. word): sing. 


fides, is, f. (only poet.): to play on the | 


1., or sing to the L., fidibus canere, Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 2, 43 fidibus uti, ib. 5, 39, 1133 


fidibus cantare (alicui), Pl. Epid. 3, 4, | 


64: to learn to play on the L., discere 
fidibus, Cic. Sen. 8, 26: to teach a person 
to play on the L., aliquem fidibus docere, 
id. Fam. 9, 22, 3: to know how to play 
on the l., fidibus scire, Ter. Kun. 1, 2, 53- 
(Nore.—In these three last examples, 
there is an ellipsis of canere.) 4, bar- 
bitos, m. and f. (poet. : only in nom., 
acc., and vov.): Hor.: Ov. 
inis, f. (because made of or having the 
shape of a tortoise-shell : poet.): Virg. : 
Hor. (in Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144, testudo 
is the shell or “ sounding-board.”’) 6. 
meton. plectrum (prop. ‘he stick with 
which the player struck the L.): to play 
on an ivory L., plectro modulari eburno, 
Tib. 3, 4,39: Hor. — A player on 
. 1, fidicen, inis, m. (the word 
of most dignity): an eminent player on 
the l., nobilis f., Cic. Fam. 9, 22: Hor. 
Fem. fidicina, ae, f. 9, citharista, 
m, (rare) : Cic. = a (male) player on the l., 
female do., citharistria, Ter.: also, citha- 
roedus (accompanying the l. with his 
voice), Cic. : Sem. citharoeda: Inscr. 
3, lyristes, ae, m. (rare): Plin, min. 
The art of playing on the U., ars citharoe- 
dica: Suet. Ner. 40. 
lyric: 1. lyricus: a1. poet, poeta 
lyricus: in pl. simply lyrici, orum: 
Quint. g, 4, 53 (in Cicero’s time the word 
was not so used, “ poetae, qui Avptkot & 


456 


5, testudo, | 





| cf. Vitr. 10, I, 3. 


Graecis nominantur,’”’ Cic. Or. 55, 183): 
a 1. poem, poema (carmen) l.: in pl. 
simply lyrica, orum: Plin. Ep. 7, 17- 
Poet.: a L. poet, 1. vates, Hor. Odii1,4; 
35: the l. band (of poets), lyrica cohors, 
Stat. S.4,1,5. 2. mélicus (less freq.) : 
a 1. poet, melicus poeta, or simply meli- 
cus, Plin. 7, 24,24 § 89: @ l. poem, m. 
poema, Cic. Opt. gen. Or. I, I: in pl. 
simply, melica, orum, Petr. 64. 

lyrist; fidicen, inis, m.: V. LYRE 


(fin.). 


M. 


ACADAMIZE: Phr.: to m. a 
road, viam silice (comminuto) 
sternere, cf. Liv. 41, 27, med. (to pave with 
quadrangular blocks, 2s quadrato saxo 
sternere, Liv. 10, 23, fin.), 
macaroni: perh. collyra, Plaut. Pers. 
1, 3, 12. (Kr. gives, turundae Italae 
[Italicae].) Macaroni soup, jus colly- 
ricum, ib. 1, 3, 15- 
macaroon: perh. artolaganus, i, m.: 
Cic. (acc. 10 others = pancake). More 
precisely, genus placentarum quas NOs- 
trates macarones appellant. 9. pla 
centa: V. CAKE. 
macaw: psittaicus; v. PARROT. 
mace: |, 4 kind of spice: prob. 
macis, idis, f.: Pl. Ps. 3, 2, 43. Or, 
macir, indecl.: Plin. 12, 8, 16 (macir ex 
India advehitur). I]. An ensign of 
authority borne before magistrates : 
perh. virga: cf. Serv. ad Aen. 4, 242, 
virga insigne potestatis est: nam ideo 
ea magistratus utuntur: or perh. ba- 
cilum: cf. Flor. 3, 19, 10, where it de- 
notes a sceptre. 
mace-bearer: 1. perth. lictor (as 
the lictors bore the consular fasces) : Or, 
9, apparitor (general term for a 


| public servant of a magistrate): v. 


Dict. Ant. p. 106: or, 3, accensus (a 
kind of usher): Cic.: Suet.: v- Lat. 
Dict. s. v. 

macerate: i.e. to soften by soaking: 
macéro, t: tom. flax, (linum) m., Plin. 
19, I, 3, 917. 

maceration: macératio (steeping) : 
Vitr. (Usu. better expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art.) 

machinate; machinor, 1: v. TO 
CONTRIVE. : 

machination: 1, ars (contriv- 
ance, in gocd or bad sense): ct. Virg. 
Aen. 1, 657, novas artes, nova pectore 
versat consilia: also, ib. 2, 106, ignari 
scelerum tantorum, artisque Pelasgae : 
Tac. 2. diélus (underhand design, 
plot): he reveals to Cicero their ™.8, 
Ciceroni dolum qui parabatur enuntiat, 
Sall. Cat. 28: ef. id. 11, dolis atque fal- 
laciis contendere. 3, machina (trick, 
device): Or. pro Dom. 11, init.: Ter. 
(Machinatio is any contrivance.) See 
also INTRIGUE. 

machine: 1, machina, machina- 
mentum, machinatio: v. ENGINE. : 
orginum (applicable to any ingeniously 
constructed instrument: whereas ma- 
china, etc., usu. denote powerful engines 


jor applying force): to water gardens 


by means of pneumatic m8, hortos 
pneumaticis org. rigare, Plin. 19, 4, 20: 
3, pegma, atis, 7. 
(a stage machine, made so as to be 
dowered or raised): Sen. Ep. 88, 19 
(pegmata per se surgentia): Juv. : 
Mart. 4, compages, is, f.: Vv. FRAME- 
worK. Phr.: a new m. involving no 
great labour was invented, nova haud 
magni operis excogitata res est, Liv. 38, 
4, med.: a simple but ingenious m., *in- 
strumentum haud magnae subtilitatis, 
artis tamen multae: the man is a mere 
m., *homo iste quasi compages inanima 
est, nil proprio impulsu ac sponte facit 
(Kr. gives machinae instar: but the 
phr. carries more naturally a different 
sense). 

muchine - maker: machinator: 
Liv. 24, 34 (ce Archimede): Sen. Ep. 
88 ~ 3. 








machinery: |. Machines collect- 
ively: macbinatio (esp. pl.): beams 
lowered into the bed of the rive~ by m., 
tigna macbinationibus in flumen im- 
missa, Caes. B. G. 4,17: Auct. B. Alex. 
6. Also pl. of machina, machinamen- 
tum: Vv. MACHINE. |. Internal me- 
chanism : machinatio: v. MECHANISM. 

machinist: méachinator: v. *A- 
CHINE-MAKEB. 

mackerel: scomber, bri, m.: PL: 
Cat.: Plin. (*Scomber scomber, or s. 
vulgaris, Cycl.) 

macrocosm: *macrecosmus, quem 
dicunt. 

mad: |. Disordered in the senses, 
intellect: 1, insanus, ftiridsus, vecors, 
etc.; V.INSANE. _ Q,_ rabidsus (raving 
mad; esp. of animals): a m. dog, TY. 
canis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 75: Plin.: of w- 
sensate (mad) courage, Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 


jin. 3, rabidus (raging furiously : 


chiefly poet.) : to drive uny one raving 
m., aliquem r. agere, Cat. 63, extr.: 
Plin. 4, phrénéticus, phréniticus (Gr. 
pevntixos’ generic term) : Cels. 3, 18, 
ad init.: Cic. 5, limaticus: v. LU- 
natic. Phr.: to be m., furere, Cic.: 
Hor.: also, insanire (less freq.): Cic.: 
Hor.: to go m., mente alienari, Plin. 28, 
8, 27, 693 (al. mentem) ; lymphari, id. 
24, 17, 102, § 164: of an animal, ra- 
bidum fieri, id. 29, 4, 32, § 100; also, in 
rabiem agi, id. 7, 15, 13, § 64: to turn 
any one m. (of the action of a deity), 
mentem alicujus alienare, Liv. 42, 28, 
jin.: also, lymphatum aliquem agere 


‘(of the action of a kind of drink), Plin. 


31, 2, 53 in less exact sense, ad in- 
saniam adigere, Ter, Ad. 1, 2, 31. ll 
Infatuated, utterly unreasonable, re- 
sembling actual madness : 1, insa- 
nus: a m. desire, ins. cupiditas, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 18, fin.: Virg.: Hor. 2. 
vecors, rdis (wild, wngovernable): an 
almost m. onset, impetus prope v., Liv. 
4, 15: Cic.: cf. MADLY (4). Peve- 
sanus (like preced.): cf. Liv. 7, 33, fim. 
vesanos vultus et furentia ora Roman- 
orum. Of inanimate things: the m. 
waves, Vv. fluctus, Virg. E. 9, 43: Cat. 
4, démens: v. INFATUATED. 5 
fiiriosus: unbridled and m. desire, cu- 
piditas effrenata ac f., Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 25: 
am. enterprise, f. inceptum, Liv. 
madam: *domina: v. LaDy. 
madcap: Phr.: a young m., *vehe- 
mentioris ingenii adolescens; qui prae- 
ceps fertur amentia. (Fervidus juventa, 
Hor, A. P. 116[R. and A.] has a totally 
different sense.) 
madden: |. Zo drive mad; men- 
tem alieno, etc.: v. MaD (I. Phr.). Il. 
Fig.: to excite to fury: 1. fitirio, 1 
(poet.): of the effect of sexual desire, 
Hor, Od. 1, 25, 14: to m. men’s minds, 
mentes f. in iram, Sil. 17, 294. 2. ad 
insaniam Adigo, Ter. Ad. I, 2, 31: see 
also TO EXASPERATE. : 
maddened (part. and adj.): 1, 
lymphaius: m. with wie, vino L, Hor. 
Od. 1, 37,14: m. hearts, lL. pectora, Ov. 
2, impotens (having lost self-con- 
trol) : V. UNGOVERNABLE. 
maddening (dj.): 
the m. flute, f. tibia, Ov. 
e: Val. FI. 
madder: rubia: Plin. 24, 11, 56: 
also called érythrédinus (Gk. name): 
Plin. 1. c. 
madhouse: *domus in qua coercen- 
tur homines furiosi, insani, phreneiici. 
madly: 1, fiiriose (like a mad- 
man: rare): to do anything ™., aliquid 
f. facere, Cic. Att. 8, 5- Q, insane 
(like preced.): Hor. S. 1, 10, 34: also 
denoting excessive passion: to love m., 
ins. amare, Pl. 3, dementer (fool- 
ishly, senselessly) : Cic.: V. SENSELESSLY 
4, expr. by adj.: vécors, rdis (cf. 
L. G. § 343: denoting a wild, Jierce 
bearing): he sprang m. from the tri- 
bune, vecors de tribunali decurrit, Liv. 
4, 50, med. 
madman: 
vecors: V. MAD, INSANE. 
démens, ntis: v. INFATUATED. 
madness: I, Lit.: 


1, furidsus : 
9. furialis, 


|, Lit.: homo furiosus, 
I. Fig.: 


1, insania 


se 





MADRIGAL 


(generic term): Cels. 3, 18, init.: Cic.: 
v. INSANITY. Q. firor (rare in this 
sense): Hor. 3, pbrénésis, is, f- 
(hpéernors’ Gk. medical term for acute 
mental derangement) : Cels. l. ¢. 4. 
rabies, Gi (in animals): esp. of dogs, 
Col. 7, 12, extr.: Plin. 5, mentis 
alienatio: V. DERANGEMENT. — II. Fig.: 
state of mind or conduct, as of one mad : 
1, insania: to desire to m., ad ins. 
concupiscere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35» 87: the 
m. of war, belli ins., Virg. : Ter. E 
vecordia (esp. fierce, brutal madness or 
wildness): m. was stamped on his Sea- 
tures, in vultu_v. erat, Sall. Cat. 15, 
extr.: ‘lac. 3, furor: Join: furor 
atque insania, Cic. in Pis. 21, 503 f. 
atque amentia, Caes. B. G. I, 40, init. 
4, amentia, démentia: v. FOLLY, 
INFATUATION. 
madrigal: *cantus ejus generis quod 
madrigal dicitur. 
magazine: |. Yor stores: 1. 
horreum (for provisions, wine, etc.): cf. 
Liv. 21, 48, fin., where the term is ap- 
plied to a town Furnishing supplies for 
an army : V. STORE-HOUSE. Q. arma- 
mentarium (for arms; an arsenal) : 
from the temples and m.s (or arsenals) 
‘arms were furnished to the Roman 
people, ex aedibus sacris a.que publicis 
‘arma P. R. dabantur, Cic. Rab. perd. 7, 
20: from Tac. H. 1, 38, an armamenta- 
rium appears to have been attached to 
acamp: Liv. — 3, conditorium (late): 
v.pérot. (N.B.—Often not expressed 5 
commeatus, pl., or belli instrumentum 
s. apparatus being definite enough: cf. 
Caes. B. C. 2, 2, init., tanti erant in op- 
pido omnium rerum ad bellum appa- 
ratus, tantaque multitudo tormentorum 
= such vast magazines.) I]. 4 pub- 
lication : perh. commentarii; or collec- 
tanea, orum: cf, Gell. 4, 14, init. 
maggot: 1, vermicilus (small 
worm, grub) : to breed m.s, vermiculos 
parere, Lucr. 2, 898° Plin. 16, 41, 80. 
Hence, to be infested with m.s (of trees), 
vermiculari, Plin. 17, 24, 37 § 220: and, 
vermiculatio, the disease; maggots (col- 
lectively): Plin. lc. § 218. Also ver- 
mes, is, m., may be used of the larger 
kind of ms: Lucr. 2, 870. 9, ter- 
édo, inis, f. (a boring worm) : esp. of 
the kind which eat the timbers of ships: 
Plin. 16, 41, 80: Ov. 
maggoty: 1, vermicilosus: Pall. 
2. verminosus: Plin. 
magian: magus: Cic. Div. 1, 23, 46. 
magic (subs.): 
gicus and a subs.: @. g. Magica ars, cf. 
Plin. 30, 2, 6: also pl., magicae artes, 
as practised in many ways, Virg. Aen. 
4, 493; m. superstitiones, Tac. A. 12, 
59; m. vanitates, Plin. 30, iit. (the 
two latter phr. indicating the falsity of 


magic). 9, magice, es (as generic 
term): Plin. 30, I, 2- 8, magia: 
Apul. 4, theurgia (very late): Aus. 


See also INCANTATION. 


magic, magical (24.): 1, ma- 
gicus: Virg.: Plin.: cf. preced. art. 
9, migus (poet.): Ov. In fig. 


sense, mirabilis, incredibilis, etc. 

magically: *velut magica quadam 
arte atque vi. 

magician: 1. magus (strictly, 
one of the Persian Magi): Plin. 30, 
2, 6 (applied in generic sense): Apul.: 
Tert. 9, incantator (an enchanter : 
late): Tert. Phr.: to be a m., ma- 
gicas artes exercere (v. MAGIC): @ m.’s 
wand, virga [magica], Virg. Aen. 7, 199: 
ef. virgula divina, Cic. Off. 1, 44, 158. 

magisterial: ad magistratum per- 
i vy, MAGISTRACY. (Magisterius, 
very late: Imp. Codd.) For fig. sense, 
vy, IMPERIOUS, HAUGHTY. 

magisterially : pro magistratu, tan- 
quam magistratus. For fig. sense, Vv. 
YMPERIOUSLY, HAUGHTILY. 

magistracy : migistratus, tis : Cic. : 
Caes.: V. OFFICE. 

magistrate: migistratus, fis (one 
bearing a public office): to appoint m.s, 
m. creare, Liv. 5. 17: to deliver a per- 
son up toa m., aliquem magistratui tra- 
flere, Nep. Epam. 4: the ms are the 


1. expr. by ma- | 












MAIDEN 


servants of the laws, legum ministri m., 
Cie. Clu. 53, 146. 

magnanimity ; 1, magnanimitas 
(an ethical ¢. ¢. = Gk. adowvxia’ to 
be confined to such mse): Cie. Off. 1, 43, 
152. 9, elatio atque magnitudo ani- 
mi: Cic. Off. 1, 19, 64. 3, animus 
(magnus et) excelsus: Vv. LOFTINESS. 

magnanimous: | 1, magoanimus 
(high-souled, lofty-spirited: rare in 
prose): Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63. 9, expr. 
by subs.: what m. is this! *ut sunt haec 
animi magni atque excelsi! quantam 
haec declarant elationem atque magni- 
tudinem animi! v. MAGNANIMITY. 

magnanimously : *pre magnitudine 
animi (sui): see also GENEROUSLY. 

magnet: lapis magnes, tis, m.: Cic. 
Div. 1, 39, 86 (magnetem lapidem qui 
ferrum ad se alliciat et attrahat): Luer. 
6, gog. Also simply magnes : Plin. 36, 
16, 25: Claud. 

magnetic: magneéticus: Claud. carm. 
de magn. 26. (Or expr. by means of 
magnes : to possess kind of m. power, 
*tanquam maguetis lapidis vi omnia ad 
se allicere atque attrahere.) 

magnetism: *magnetismus, 
fertur. 

magnetize: perh. *magnetica qua- 
dam vi afficere. 

magnificence: _ 1. magnificentia 
(great outward show): m. of funerals 
and sepulchres, m. funerum et sepul- 
crorum, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66; of public 
works, m. publicorum operum, Liv. 2, 
amplitudo (high distinction): m. of the 
achievements (of the Roman people), a. 
rerum gestarum, Nep. Att. 18: Plin. 

3, splendor: v. LUSTRE. 4, ap- 

piratus, is: v. POMP. 

magnificent: 1, magnificus, comp. 
-centior, sup. -centissimus : (splendid 
and on @ large scale): m. Sumerals, fu- 
nera m. [et sumptuosa], Caes. B. G. 6, 
19: m. decoration (of a forum), m. Or- 
natus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, 58: ™. achieve- 
ments, res gestae amplae m.que, Just. : 
a most m. triumph, magnificentissimus 
triumphus, Vell. 9, amplus (highly 
distinguished : not so strong as preced.): 
a more splendid show for an aedileship, 
munus aedilitatis amplius, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
5, extr. (an imperial show would rather be 
described as magnificum): ™. achieve- 
ments, res gestae amplissimae, Cic. Att. 
8, g, med. 3, splendidus: v. SPLEN- 
pip. (Cf. Nep. Att. 13, med,, elegans 
non magnificus; splendidus non sump- 
tuosus.) 4, lautus (esp. of entertain- 
ments or furniture): @ m. supper, lau- 
tissima coena, Mart. 12, 48, 5: Cic.: Vv. 
SUPERB. 

magnificently : 1, magnificé, 
comp. -centius, Sup. -centissime: Cic. : 
Liv.: Nep. Also magnificenter, Vitr. 

2. ample: to be interred as M. as 

can be, efferri quam amplissime, Cic. 
Ph. 9, extr. Join: ample magnifi- 
ceque, Cic. 3, splendidé: v. SPLEN- 
piptx. (N.B.—For syn. see adj.) 

magnifier: V. MICROSCOPE. 

magnify : ]. Lit.: to cause to 
appear larger: @ lens m.s objects, *per 
vitrezm pilam perspectae res majores 
videntur. Il. Fig.: to set off im 
glowing terms: 1, amplifico, 1 (rhet. 
t. t.): ef. Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 104, summa 
laus eioquentiae est amplificare rem or- 
nando: opp. to minuere (gloriam) id. 
NOM? 25455 9. exaggéro, 1: Vv. TO 
HEIGHTEN (IL, 3)- 3, magnifico, 1 
(late): Vulg. Luc. i. 46. 

magniloauence : magniléquentia : 
V. GRANDILOQUENCE. 

magniloquent : magniléquus: Vv. 
GRANDILOQUENT. 

magnitude: magnittido: v. SIZE, 
GREATNESS, EXTENT. 

magpie: pica: Pers. prol. fin.: Plin. 
(*Corvus pica, Linn.) 

mahometan (adj. and subs.): *Ma- 
humetanus, Mahometanus, Mubamme- 
danus. Also as subs. Mahumetista. 

mahometanism: “fides s. religto 
Mahumetana. 

maid 

maiden 


qui 


} |. A virgin: virgo, 
(inis,f.: for m.s and youths, 











MAINTAIN 





virginibus puerisque, Hor. Od. 3, 1, 4: 
Cic.: Liv.: v. vircex. Dimin. virgun- 
cula (rare): Sen.: Juv. —_{, A young 
girl generally : puella, puelliila: v. GIRL. 
Ill. A female servant: ancilla: v. 
MAID-SERVANT. 
maiden / £ Lit: 1 vie 
maidenly (ginalis, e (proper to a 
virgin): m, attire, Vv. habitus atque ves- 
titus, Cic. Verr. 4, 3, 5: m. modesty, V. 
verecundia, id. Quint. 11, fin. 9. vir- 
gineus (= preced., but poet.): Virg.: 
Ov. 9, puellaris: v. GIRLISH. ll. 
Fig.: virgo: Plin.: v. vinctn (adj.). 
Phr.: @ m. speech, *prima oratio: m. 
assize, *conventus purus (7). 
maiden-hair: Adiantum: Plin. 22, 
21, 30; also, capillaris herba, Apul 
Herb. (* Adiantum capillis Veneris, 
M.L.) 
maidenly: v- MAIDEN (adj.). 
maidenly (adv.): virginum ritu: v. 
LIKE. 
maid-servant: 1. ancilla (gen. 
term): used as fem. to servus, Cic. Verr. 
3, 4, 8: Sal: Hor. Dimin. ancillula (@ 
young m.), Ter.: Ov. 2. familia 
(chiefly poet.): Virg. Aen. 1, 703: Juv. 
(in Cic. = attendant, helper). 
mail: E A coat of steel net-work : 
J, lorica: described by Isid. Or. 18, 
13, as circulis ferreis contexta, i.e. chain- 
mail: cf Lucan 7, 498, qua torta graves 
lorica catenas: but the word is also used 
in gen. sense: V. BREAST-PLATE. 5: 
squama (acc. to Isid. lL. c. overlapping, 
like the scales of fish): he was rough 
with brazen m., ahenis horrebat squamis, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 487: cf Ov. M. 3, 63, 
loricae modo squamis defensus (ser- 
pens) : which implies that the lorica was 
sometimes made in plates or scales. 
3, spongia: cf. Liv. 9, 49, (Samnitibus) 
spongiu pectori tegumentum (app. re- 
sembling sponge; prob. chain-mail). 
See also ARMOUR. II. A bag for let- 
ters; hence, the letters themselves : Phr.: 
the person who carries the ms, tabella- 
rius publicus (v. LETTER-CARRIER) : the 
m. boat, navis tabellaria, ef. Sen. Ep. 77, 
init.: the history of the m.s, *de tabel- 
lariis publicis. See also post. 
mailed (part. adj.): loricatus: 
23, 19, fin. 
maim: niitilo, 1: v. TO MUTILATE. 
See also foli. art. (N.B.—Sometimes = 
to hamstring: 4. V.) 
maimed (part. adj.) : 1, mancus 
(not having the use of all one’s limbs) : 
Join: mancus et membris omnibus 
captus ac debilis, Cic. Rab. perd. 7, 21: 
Dig. Often fig.: v- CRIPPLED (IL). 
truncus (having lost a limb or limbs): 
v. MUTILATED. Fig.: trunca urbs, @ 
maimed, helpless city (sine senatu, sine 
magistratibus), Liv. 51, 29, med. A 
miitilus (esp. of animals having lost 
their horns): V. MUTILATED. 4, dé- 
bilis, e (disabled in body): V. FEEBLE. 
main (subs.): pélagus, pontus: Vv. 
sea. (For might and main, VY. MIGHT.) 
main (adj.): praecipuus, primus: Vv. 
PRINCIPAL. Phr.: them. point, caput: 
the main thing in an art, Cc. artis, Cic. de 
Or. I, 29, 132: the m. element ina happy 
life, c. ad beate vivendum, id. Am. 13, 
45; them. topic of a letter, c- litterarum, 
id. Ph. 2, 31, med.: the m. points in @ 
case, quae Maxime rem continent, Liv. 
39, 48. (See also TO BIND up, IL.) 
mainland: continens terra; conti- 
nens (as subs.): V. CONTINENT. 
mainly : praect pue : Vv. PRINCIPALLY. 
mainprize : v. BAIL, SURETY. 
mainsail: “acatium, velum maxi- 
mum et in media nave constitutum :” 
Isid. Or. 19, 3- : 
maintain: _ To preserve m @ 
certain state or condition : 1, servo, 
1: to m. one’s dignity, dignitatem ser- 
vare, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221+ to m. peace 
with any one, pacem cum aliquo s., Cic. 
Ph. 7, 8, 22: to m. equanimity, aequam 
mentem s., Hor. 9, conservo, I 
(strengthened from simple verb): to m. 
allegiance towards anu one, fidem erga 
aliquem C., Caes. B. C. 1, 84: tom. @ 
law, legem ¢., Quint. 9, 2, 83: Cic.: V.TO 
457 


Liv. 


MAINTAINABLE 


MAJORITY 


MAKE AGAINST 





PRESERVE, KEEP. 
(to hold fast): to m. its (proper) con- 
dition (of the state), statum t., Cic. Rep. 
1, 28: to m.a right, jus t., Cic. 4, 
obtineo, 2 (esp. under difficulty or oppo- 
sition): v. infr. (Il.). Join: obtinere 
et conservare, Cic. Q. Fr. I, 1, 12. 5, 
sustineo, 2 (to bear up, as «& burden): 
to m. a public cause, causam publicam 
s., Cic. Div. Verr. 8 fin.: to m. the dig- 
nity and honour of the state, civitatis 
dignitatem et decus s., id. Off. 1, 34, 124. 
G. tieor, 2 (by active exertion): 
to m. concord, concordiam t., Cic. Att. 
I, 17, 3: to m. dignity, dignitatem t., 
id. Join: tueri et conservare, id. Man. 
5, 12. Il. Zo hold against any one: 
1, rétineo, 2: to m. one’s rights, 
jus suum r., Cic. Verr. 3, 14, 37- 2. 
obtineo, 2: to m. prerogative, jus ob., 
Tac. A. 1, 32: more fully, jus contra 
aliquem ob., Cie. Quint. 9, 34- 3. 
téneo, 2: cf. supr. (1. 3). II] In 
milit. sense: to hold a position against 
attack: téneo, rétineo, sustineo, 2: V- 
HOLD (V.) ; Hol.D our (L1.). IV. Zo 
keep up, continue : 1, rétineo, 2: v. 
TO RETAIN. Q, sustineo, 2 (cf supr. 
L., 5): to m. the contest longer, ultra s. 
certamen, Liv. 33, 36, med.: v. TO HOLD 
our (IL). In similar sense, frequent. 
sustento, 1 (to malce ejjor's to m.), Tac. A. 
2,17 (s. pugnam). V. Jo sustain a 
part or character : 1, sustineo, 2: 
T singly m. three characters, tres per- 
sonas unus sustineo, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 
102. 2, tueor, 2: Cic. Br. 20, 80 
(personam tueri). 3, deéfendo, di, 
sum, 3 (poet.): Hor. A. P. 194 (partes 
defendere). Phr.: to m. the part of 
clemency, partes lenitatis uagere, Cic. 
Mur. 3, 6. Vi. Zo supply with the 
necessaries of life: 1, alo, ui, tum 
and itum, 3: as his farm was not quite 
enough to m. im, quum eum agellus 
non satis aleret, Cic. N. D. 1, 26, 75: to 
m. a large number of cavalry, magnum 
numerum equitatus a., Caes. 2. sus- 
tineo, 2: Cie.: Liv.: v. TO SUPPORT. 
So frequent. sustento, 1 (implying con- 
tinued effort) : to m. (one’s) family, fa- 
miliam s., ler. Ad. 3, 4, 35. Pass. refl., 
sustentari, to m. onvself, get a living. 
Tac. A. 4, 13 (with abl. of the means 
whereby). 3, exhibeo, 2 (late): to be 
m.d by a parent, exhiberi a parente, 
Ulp. Dig. 25, 3. 5, wit. See also LIVE- 
LIHOOD. VII. To support by argu- 
ment : 1, contendo, di, sum and tum, 
3 (to m. earnestly, against a disputant) : 
foll. by acc. and inf., Cic. Pl. 19, jin.: 
with acc. of neut. pron., aliquid contra 
aliquem c., id. Quint. 25, 78. Rarely 
intrans.: ut Asclepiades contendit, as A. 
maintains: Cels. pref. ai med. 2, af- 
firmo, 1 (to assert confidently) : cf. Tac. 
G. 2, quidam plures deo ortos.. .affirm- 
ant: so confirmo (stronger than affirmo): 
Vv. TO ASSERT. 3. statuo, 3 (to lay 
down a thesis): v. TO LAY DOWN (II.). 
4, défendo, di, sum, 3: he never 
m.d a proposition that he did not suc- 
ceed in proving, nullam rem defendit 
quam non probavit, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, fin. 
Impers. defenditur, it is m.’d (with ace. 
and inf.), id. Fin. 3, 21, 71. 5, ob- 
tineo, 2 (to m. successfully, establish) : 
can we m, what we affirm, possumus 
quod dicimus ob.? Cic. Verr. 3, 71, 168: 
they imagine they can m. two contrary 
propositions, se posse putant duas con- 
trarias sententias ob., id. Fin. 4, 28, 78. 
maintainable; quod defendi potest: 
v. TO MAINTAIN (VI11.). 
maintainer: 1, vindex, icis, c. 
(one who asserts, protects, avenges) : cf. 
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 39, where the ballot is 
called vindex libertatis: Liv.: Suet. 
Q. assertor (strictly one who claims 
the freedom of a person enslaved) : m.s 
of the dignity of the patricians, asser- 
tores dignitatis patriciorum, Suet. Tib. 
z. (Except in above senses, expr. by 
verb.) 
maintenance : J. The act of 
maintaining: expr. by verb: for the 
m. of law, dignity, etc., legis, dignitatis 
conser eae S. tuendae causa: v. TO 
45 


8, téueo, ui, ntum, 2 ] srarvrarn. See also DEFENCE. 





Means of support: 1, dalimentum : 
usu. pl. (allovance for livelihood): to 
claim am. from the imperial treasury, 
alimenta a fisco petere, Ulp. Dig. 2, 15, 
8 § 19: to issue an order for m., ali- 
menta decernere, ib. 27, 2, 3. Q, ex- 
hibitio (also legal term): what suffices 
for m., quod exhibitioni sufficit, ib. 27, 
Py} Wet 3. susientatio (support) : 
Ulp. Dig. 24, 3, 8 § 8. 
maize; *Zea mays (Webster): or 
perh. far Indicum (excepting in scien- 
tific lang.). 
majestic: 1, augustus (strictly, 
consecrated, venerable: hence full of 
dignity and majesty): two youths of 
m. figure, juvenes gemini augustiore 
forma, Suet. Ner. 1: ef. Liv. 1, 7, habi- 
tus formaque aliquantum amplir au- 
gustiorque humana: also, ib. 8, 6, 
med., species viri major quam pro hu- 
mano babitu atigustiorque. Q, expr. 
by majestas, dignitas: how m. was lus 
address quanta (uit) in oratione ma- 
jestas! Cic. Am. 25, 96: m. person, 
forma ex dignitate constanu, Vell. 2, 29. 
3, impératorius (commanding): of 
great soul and stature, and m. figure, 
magno animo et corpore i.que forma, 
Nep. Iph. 3. 
majestically: augusté: Cic. 
majesty : Lofty greatness : 
majestas: the m. of the Roman people, 
m. populi R., Cic. Ph. 3, 5, 13: divine 
m., divina m., Suet. Cal. 22: voyal m., 
regia m., Caes B. C. 3, 1-6. In late 
Lat. used as style of address: your m., 
majestas tua, vestra, Symm. I]. ZIm- 
posing dignity : 1, majestas: m. in 
speech, m. in oratione, Cic. Am. 25, 96. 
9, dignitas: Join: auctorisas 
dignitasque formae, Suet. Cl. 30: Vell. 
(Or expr. by augustus: v. MAJESTIC.) 
major premiss: propositio, Cic. Inv 
I, 37, 673 intentio: 
(*Major praemissa, logical t.¢.: Aldr.) 
Phr.: he has omitted the m. pr., omisit 
quod in prima parte sumere debuit, 
Gell. 2, 8. 
major (ir the army): (?) praefectus 
major (qui dicitur). 
major-domo: dispensator, villicus : 
v. SPEWARD. 
major-general: perh. legatus: v. 
LIEUTENANT. 
majority: |. The greater number : 
1, major pars : the verdict of a m. 
of the judges, quod eorum judicum m. 
pars judicant, Lex in Cic. Fam. 8, 8,2: cf. 
Liv. 21, 4, init. (m. pars meliorem vicit) : 
also, maxima pars (the great m.), Hor 
S. 2, 3, 121. 2, pleérique, pleraeque, 
pleraque (in an indefinite sense, the 
generality ; a large number): Sall. Cat. 
3 (ego adolescentulus, sicuti plerique...): 
Cic.: also sing., the m. of the younger 
men, pleraque juventus, Sall. Cat. 17 
(but the word often denotes simply a 
considerable number; esp. in later 
writers). Phr.: the m. (of the senate) 
was in favour of (ato’s proposition, 
senatus in Catonis sententiam discessit, 
Sall. Cat. 55: the m.was with the side 
that..., vicit (in senatu) pars illa quae 
..., id. Jug. 16: a great m. were against 
the proposal, frequentes ierunt in alia 
omnia, Cic. Fam. 16, 2, med.: they saw 
there would be a great m.in favour of 
the proposition of ..., perspiciebant in 
Hortensii sententiam miultis partibus 
plures ituros, ib. paulo infr.: a large 
m. decided that..., (frequens) senatus 
magno consensu censuit, cf. Cic. Ph. 4, 
5,12: by am. of votes, per suffragia (v. 
vorr): to have an overwhelming m. 
against one, magnis suffragiis superari 
ab aliquo, Plin. 35, 10, 369 72. ll. 
Full age: *legitima s. justa aetas qua 
sui juris fit aliquis. Phr.: after he 
attained his m., postquam sui juris factus 
est, cf. Just. Inst. 1, 8 (but by Roman 
law, the son only became independent on 
the death of bis father, or by emanci- 
patio); postquam major viginti et uno 
annis factus est, cf. ib. 1, 14 § 2. ll. 
Rank: of major in the army: perh. 
*praefectura major, quae dicitur. 


Quint. 5, 14, 6. 








make: A, Danie: |. % 
construct, fashion, form : 1, facio, 
féci, fictum, 3: to m. a bridge, pontem 
f., Caes.: to m. @ vase, vasculum f., 
Quint. 5, 10, 9: to m. a fire of green 
sticks, ignem lignis viriuibus f. Cie 
Verr. 2, 1, 17,45. Frequent. tactito, 1 
(to be wont to male): Hor, (f. versus). 
Also comps. (1). efficio, 3 (indicating 
the result rather thun the process : hence 
sometimes used to denote speediness of 
making): cf. Cie. Rep. 1, 17, where 
efficere sphaeram is used of the cele- 
brated sphere of Archimedes as a tii- 
umph achieved ; with ib. 14, where, in 
describing the actual model, sphaeram 
factam (not effectam) is used: having 
hastily made bridges, celeriter effectis 
pontibus, Caes. B. G. 6, 6: they made 
military engines by cutting off the 
women’s hair, praesectis crinibus muli- 
erum tormenta effecerunt, id. B. C. 3, 9. 
(2). conficio, 3 (to make completely): 
he had made his ring, his mantle, his 
shoes with his own hand, annulum, pal 
lium, soccos se sua manu confecisse, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 32, 127. 9. fingo, nxi, ctum, 
3 (by moulding, shaping, étc.): to m. 
wax figures, e cera t., Cic. Verr. 4, 13, 
30: to. m. verses, carmina f., Hor.: so 
also effingo: v. TO FORM (1.,4); FASHION © 
Lil.) 5 MOULD. Il. Zo constitute, 
orm: euicio, 3: v.TO FORM(II.). {I}. 
Yo yield a certain result (in arithmetic} : 
1, efficio, 3: those (funds) hardly 
m. up enough for the interest, ea vix 
in fenus quid satis sit ef., Cic. Att. 6, 
1, 3: ef. Col. 5, 2 (throughout). Also 
simple verb, facio: Col. 5,1, med. k 
fieri, iv7.: cf. Col. 5, 2, bas duas sum- 
mas in se multiplicato, quinquagies cen- 
tena fiunt quinque millia, i.e. multiply 
these together, and they make, etc. 3. 
expr. by esse ad...when addition is de- 
noted; reliquum, -a esse, when subtiace 
tion is denoted: Cic. Verr. 3, 49, 116: 
Col. 1. ¢. IV. Yo gain: Phr.: tom. 
money, pecuniam (maximam| facere, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, 173 so, rem facere, 
Ter. Ad.2, 2,12: Hor. See also To GET, 
GAIN. V. To designate to an office: 
creo, 13 facio, praeficio, 3: Vv. TO AP- 
POINT. Vi. To bring to a certain 
state : 1, faicio, 3: you have made 
the senate, which was already quite firm, 
firmer still, senatum, bene firmum, firmi- 
orem fecistis, Cic. Ph. 6,7, 18: made gods 
from being men, dii facti ex hominibus, 
id. Rep. 2, 10: Caes.: Sall 2. reddo, 
didi, ditum, 3: to m. human life safer 
and richer, tutiorem et opulentiorem 
vitam hominum r., Cic. Rep. 1,2: Vv. TO 
RENDER. Vil. Zo represent dramati- 
cally or otherwise: 1, facio, 3: Xeno- 
phon m.s Socrates argue that..., X. facit 
Socratem disputantem..., Cie. N. D. 1, 
12, 31: he m.s the wld to be built by 
God, mundum a Deo aedificari f., ib. 1, 
8, 19. Q. indiico, 3: v. TO INTRODUCE 
(II.). VIII. Zo value: Phr.: to m. 
of much or little account, magni, parvi, 
etc., facere, aestimare: v. TO VALUE, 
To force: cogo, etc.: Vv. TO 
COMPEL. X. Miscell. Phr.: to 
m. flesh, corpus facere, Cels. 7, 3, fin.? 
Phaedr.: to m. war, bellum facere, 
B. G. 3, ext7.: Cic.: to m. war upon 
any one, bellum inferre alicui, contra 
aliquem, Cic. (v. WAR): to m. peace be- 
tween citizens, pacem conciliare inter 
cives, Cic. Fam. 10, 27 (Vv. PEACE): to 
m. an island, a port (nautical pbr.), 
insulam, portum capere, Caes. B. G. 4, 
26 and 36: to m. a bed, lectum (lec- 
tulum) vestimentis sternere, cf. Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 1, 30: to m. a to-do, moliri, ib. 
2, 2, 11: to m. a matter all right and 
safe, rem in tuto collocare, ib. 4, 3, 11: 
to m. room for any one in the street, 
alicui (de) via decedere, Pl. Am. 3, 4, I: 
Suet.: pass. decedi (impers.), to have 
room made for one in the street, Cic. Sen. 
18, 63. B, Intrans.: in this sense 
usu. foll. by prep.:-V. TO MAKE AGAINST, 
etc. 
— against: 1. obsum, 
(with dat.): v. TO INSURE (4). 3 
officio, 3 (to obstruct, stand in the way 


irr. 





.°) wee 


MAKE AMENDS 





of: with dat.): Join: officere atque 
obstare, Cic. R. Am. 2, 5. 3. expr. 
by impédimerto esse: v. HINDRANCE. — 

make amends: 1, corrigo, ex!, 
ectum, 3: to m. amends for a fault, 
peccatum c., ler. Ad. 4, 3, 2: 80, ©. er- 
rorem poenitendo, Cic. in Lact. 6, 24, 
init.: to m. amends for slowness (in 


starting) by speed, cursu c. tarditatem, | 


Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, med. 9, luo, 3: 
v. TO ATONE FOR. See also GOOD (TO 
MAKE). 

— as if: similo, 1: 
TEND. 

—— away with: tollo, amoveo, 
amolioz: Vv. TO GET BID OF. 

— for: i.e. to direct one’s course 
towards: péto, 1vi and ii, itum, 3 (with 
acc.): so that the Persians did not m. 
for their camp, but their ships, ut Persae 
noncastra sed nuves peterent, Nep. Milt. 


with: |. Zo treat with 
freedom: liberius utor (aliquo): v. 
FREELY. ||, Zo appropriate and use: 
perh. averto, 3}: v. TO EMBEZZLE. 

— good: sarcio, résarcio, 4: Vv. 
GOOD (TO MAKE). See also TO FULFIL. 

— haste: accéléro, 1: v. TO 
HASTEN, 

— light of: 1, negligo, exi, 
ectum, 3: to m. light of danger, peri- 
culum n., Cic. Fam. 14, 4: toll. by inf. 
(poet.), Hor. Od. 1, 28, 30. See also To 
DESPISE. Z. parvi ficio, aesuimo, 
pendo (in thought; whereas negligo 
refers to action): v. TO ESTEEM, VALUE. 

— much of: magni, permagni, 
ete., aestimy, facio: Vv. HIGHLY. 

— out: i. «. to establish: prdbo, 
obtinev, etc.: v. TO PROVE, MAINTAIN 
(VILL). 

— over: Phr.: to m. over pro- 
ey to any one, alicui de possessione 
‘hortorum] cedere. Cic. Mil. 27, jin.: 
esp. of debtors: Dig. 42,3. The act of 
m.ing over, cessio bonorum, Dig. lL. c. 

—— ready: prueparo, instruo, etc. : 
Vv. TO PREPARE, FURNISH (II.). 

— up: |. Zof/ormatotal: 1. 
efficio, etc.: v.TOMAKE(A., IIL). 2, 
expleo, évi, Etum, 3: to m. up (com- 
plete) a number, numerum ex., Cic. B C. 
3, 4, exlr. 3, suppleo, 2 (make up a 
deficiency): Vv. TO SUPPLY. 
form of different elements: chiefly in 
pass., to be made up of: expr. by con- 
3tare, consistere, contineri, etc.: v. TO 
consist; also TO COMPOSE. Ya) 
compensate for: corrigo, 3 (V. TO MAKE 
AMENDS) 3 sarcio, resarcio, 4 (Vv. GUOD, 
TO MAKE). IV, Yo determine: statuo, 
décerno, etc.: v. TO DETERMINE (IIL). 
Phr.: Ihave made up my mind to..., 
certum est deliberatumque (with i/.), 
Cic. KR. Am. 11, 31: having made up his 
mind to die, relinquendae vitae certus, 
Tac. A. 4,24: Virg.: lin. min. 

— up to: aggrédior, gressus, 3: 
PL As. 3, 3, 90. 

— use of: itor, 3; adhibeo,2: v. 
TO USE, EMPLOY. 
way: 1. décédo, ssi, ssum, 
3: Vv. TO MAKE (A., X.). Also cedo: 
Join: cedere fascesque submittere, Cic. 
Br. 6, 22 (fig.). 2. viam do, 1, t7r.: 
m. way for me to run! date viam qua 
fugere liceat! Pl. Aul. 3, 1, 2. 

make (subs.): facies, figira: v. 
FIGURE, SHAPE. 

make-weight ; momentum: to be 

d as a trifling m., pro ignobili 
m. accedere, Just. 7, 3, init.: cf. Dr. 
3mith’s Lat. Dict s. v. (IL, 2). Or 
expr. by circuml., *qued lancem inclinet : 
Vv. SCALES. 

maker: |. In gen. sense: 1, 
facter: tub-makers: doliorum factores, 
Pall. 1, 6, ad init.: Cato (rare in this 
sense). 2. fabricator (implying de- 
sign, skill): m. of tiny (curious) things, 
minutorum opusculorum f., Cic. Ac. 2, 
38, I2c: Vv. FRAMER. 8. expr. by 
facio, 3; fabricor, 1; who was the m. of 
these things, *quis haec fecit aique fabri- 
catus est? Vv. TO MAKE, FRAME. I. 
Specially, the Creator : creator, fabri- 
eator, etc.: Vv. CREATOR, FRAMER. 


Vv. TO PRE- 








I, Zo | 





MALICE 





MAN 





making (swbs.)- factio (rare): esp. | malicious: malévdlus, comp. -vo- 


in phr. testamenti f., the (right of) m. 
of a will, Cic. Yop. 11,50. Usu. expr. 
by facio, etc.: found o/ m. clocks, *horo- 
logiovrum faciendorum (labricandorum) 
studiosus, etc.: Vv. Tu MAKE. 

malachite: perh. cbhalecosmaragdos, 
i, f.: Plin. 37, 5, 19. (For precision, 
*lapis malachites, ae, m.) 
_ maladjustment: expr. by male 
inter se componi: v. TO ADJUST, AR- 
RANGE. 

maladministration: expr. by male 
administrari: V. TO ADMINISTER, GOVERN. 
Phr.: to accuse any one of m,. in a 
province, *de provincia male adminis- 
trata accusare (but the usu. form of 
such an accusation at Rome was, repe- 
tundarum s. de repetundis: as in the 
case of Verres). 

malady ; morbus: v. DISEASE. 

malapropos:; intempestive, parum 
in tempore: v. UNSEASONABLY. 

malaria: coelum grave et pestilens, 
ef. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 1303 aer pestilens s. 
pestifer : V. UNHEALTHY. 

malcontent: auinovis rebus studet, 
novarum rerum cupidus est (in political 
sense); cf. Salli. Cat. 28, plebs cupida 
nuvarum rerum: Cic. See also DISCON- 
TENTD, SEDITIOUS. 

male (auj.) : 1, mas, miris, m. : 
am, snake, mv. anguis (opp. to femina), 
Cic. Div. 2, 29, 62: Plin. 9. mascii- 
lus: a m. infant, m. intans, Liv. 31, 12 
(incertus infans natus, masculus an 


‘femina esset): the m. s@, m. genus, 


Phaedr. 4, 15,12. 3, masculinus © the 
m. organs, m. membra, Phaedr. 4, 15, 
13: of the m. sex, m. sextis, Plin. 4. 
virilis, e (of human beings): esp. in 
phr., of the m. sex, v. sexs, Liv. 31, 44 
(opp. to muliebris): Suet.: Cic.: also, 
virile secus (indecl.), Liv. 26, 47: Tac. 
As subs. virilia, ium, the m. organs: 
Petr.: Plin. 

male (swhs.): mas, maris: ye m.s, 
mares! Hor. Od. 1, 21, 10: intercow) se 
of m. and female, congressio m. et 
feminae, Cic. Rep. 1, 24. Also mas- 
culus: ef. preced, art. (2). Phr.: /7vee 
m.s, libera capita virile secus, Liv. 26, 
47: so, ms and females, virile ac mu- 
liebre secus (accus. to detine a foregoing 
subs.), Tac. H. 5, 13. 

malediction: dirae, arum; 
cratio, etc.: v. CURSE (subs.). 
dictum = abuse, q. v.) 

malefactor; honio maleficus scele- 
ratusque: Cic. Verr. 5, 55, 144; homo 
nocens, nocentissimus ; nocens et nefa- 
rius: Cic.: Vv. GUILTY, WICKED. 

maleficent: maléficus, comp. -cen- 
tior ; super. -centissimus: Cic. 

malevolence: malévélentia (gra- 
tuitous rejoicing in evil): Cic. Tusc. 4, 
g, 20. See also MALICE. 

malevolent: malévolus (bearing 
il-will) : Cic.: vy. MALIcrous. More pre- 
cisely, qui voluptatem capit ex alieno 
incommodo : ct. Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 20. 

malevolently: pro mualevolo ani- 
mo: so m., tanté malevolentia: v. pre- 
ced. artt. 

malformation : 1, informe ali- 
quid (something misshapen): cf. Plin. 
4, 15, 13 (mola est caro informis, in- 
anima): Vv. SHAPELESS. 2. expr. by 
truncus (having defect of some member) : 
that m. (by defect of members) occurs i 
the offspring of perfectly J ormed parents, 
ex integris truncos gigni, Plin. 7, 11, Io: 
no m. of any kind, *nil truncum neque 
informe (in corpore). 8. perh. offa 
(poet.)- used of a misshapen jetus, Juv. 
2, 33. 

malice: miilévilentia (cf. MALEVO- 
LENCE): through m. and envy, m, et in- 
vidia, Sall. Cat. 3: a soul free from 
all taint of m. towards others, animus 
nulla in ceteros m. suffusus, Cic. Fam. 
I, 9, 8. See also ILL-WILL, (N.B— 
Malitia is cunning jor evil purposes: 
cf. Cic. Off. 3, £7, 71, malitia vult videri 
se esse prudentium : also, id. ND: 3; 
30, 75, est malitia versuta et fallax no- 
cendi ratio. 
ill-feeling rising out of it.) 


exse- 
(iale- 


1 











lentior, super. -volentissimus: Join 
malevoli, iniqui, invidi (pl.), Cic. Bal 
25, 56: most m. slanders, malevolentis- 
simae obtrectationes, id. Fam. 1 
Pl. See also JEALOUS, SPITEFUL. 

maliciously: malevolo animo: v 
MALICIOUS. 

maliciousness: Y. MALICE. 

malign (adj.): v. MALICIOUS. Some- 
times infaustus, infaustissimus, may 
serve: V. INAUSPICIOUS, UNFAVOURABLE, 

malign (v.): i. e. to traduce: ob 
trecto, 1. to m. any one’s virtues 
(praises), alicujus obt. laudes, Liv. 45, 
37, med.: butin Cic. with dat. of person : 
si qui mihi obtrectent, Fam.g, 10. See 
also TO DEFAME, SLANDER. 

malignant: vearest word, milévd- 
lus. comp. MALEVOLENT, MALICIOUS. As 
med. ¢ ¢.: malignus: ¢. g. *scarlatina 
maligna, Cycl. 

malignantly:; malevolo animo: v 
adj. 

maligner: obtrectator [mearum 
laudum)}, Cic. Br. 1, 2. Join: invidi 
atque obtrectatores, id. Fam. 1, 4, med. 
(Or expr. by part. of obtrecto, esp. in 
pl.: L.G.§ 638.) 

malignity: |. Deep-seated malice: 
nearest word, malévOlentia: v. MALE- 
VOLENCE. More fully, inveterata male- 
volentia atque crudelitas. |]. Of a 
disease, virulence: vis (morbi), Nep. 
Att. 21: also impetus (sudden, violent 
jit), Petr. 17: or perb. saevilia: v. Sk- 
verity. (N.B—By no means malig- 
nitas.) 

malleability ; ductilis natura: v. 
foll. art. 

malleable: ductilis,e: Plin. 34, 8, 
20 (maileis ubsequitur, ab aliis ductile 
appellatum). Or expr. by circuml.: qui 
malleis tenuari in lamnas (Plin. L ec.) 
potest; qui malleis obsequitur (v. supr.) ; 
malleis extendi potest: cf. id. 13, II, 
26. Less precisely, mollis (yielding); 
lentus, tenax (tough, not snapping : opp. 
to fragilis). 

mallet; malleus: Plin. 13, 11, 26. 
Dimin. malleolus (a small m.), Cels 

mallow: malva: ms easy tv digest, 
m. leves, Hor.: Cic.: Plin. Also, mi- 
liché or moloche, és: denoting the 
smaller m., Plin. 20, 21, 84; the larger 
m. being called malopé: Plin. ib. ay 
malvaceus, of mallow, mallow-: Plin. 

malpractices: male facta, délicta 
Vv. MISDEED. 

malt: *hordeum aqua perfusim 
donec germinaverit et in fornace tostum 

malt-liquor: potus ex hordeo cun- 
fectus: cf. l'ac. G. 23. See also BEER. 

maltreat: 1, vexo, 1 (a strong 
term): to m.and undo a province, (pro- 
vinciam) y. et perdere, Cic. Verr. Act. 
I, 4,12: tom.(and ravage) lands, agros 
v., Caes. B. G. 4, 15, Jin. Join: vex- 
are, raptare, omni crudelitate lacerare, 
Cic. Dom. 23, 59- 2, mulco, 1 (esp. 
by blows and such rough usage); to m. 
any one within an inch of his life, ali- 
quem usque ad mortem m., Ter. Ad. 1, 
2, 10: sadly m.’d, male mulcatus, Phaedr, 
re 2y,08 3. pulso, 1: Vv. TO BEAT, 

4. male atque injuriose tracto: cf. 

Cic. Man. 5, init. (mercatoribus injurio- 
sius tractatis). 

maltreatment: vexitio: Cic.: cf. 
preced. art. See also INJURY, VIOLENCE. 

malversation : pécilatus, us: Cic.. 
V. PECULATION. 

mamma: mamma: Varr. ip Non. 
81, 4 (infantine term, corresponding to 
tata = pater). 

mammal: mammas &. manillas 
habens. (in pl. mammalia, ium: scient. 
t. t.) 

mammon: mammona,ae, m.: Vulg. 
Matt. vi. 24. (But usu. better, divitiae 
aurum [poet.}: V. RICHES.) 

mammoth: “elepbas primigenius 
Blumenb. y 

man (subs.) : |, A human being 

1, homo, inis, c. (including both vir 

and femina ; used both in individuat and 


> & 


Malignitas is jealousy, and | generic sense): J amam. (human being), 


this ant 
459 


h. sum, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 25: 


MAN-OF-WAR 


MANAGER 


MANICHEAN 


J ee ee 
mal...which we call m., hoc animal... 


quem vocamus hominem, Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 
22: as implying liability to error: great 
indeed they are, but still men, summi 
enim sunt, homines tamen, Quint. Io, I, 
25. A young m. (often), homo ado- 
lescens, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117: Ter. Ph. 
5, 8, 52, etc. also, h. adolescentulus, 
Ter. (rarely so in later writers). Adj. 
haomanus (of or relating to man, in 
widest sense): cf. Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 15, 
humani nihil, nothing relating to a fel- 
low-man. Dimins. homunculus, homun- 
cio, homullus (the first of which is most 
usual): we poor, petty men, nos homun- 
culi, Sulpic. in Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3: Cic. 

2. in pl. mortales, ium (esp. in 
Sall.): Sall. Cat. 2, med., ete. (N.B.— 
With masc. adjj. in pl., the word man is 
rarely expressed: cf. L.G.§ 339-) I. 
Generically, the human species ° i 
hdmo; hémines: cf. supr. (1., 1). we 
genus hominum: Sall. Jug. 2, init. (ge- 
nus h. compositum ex corpore et animo 
est), Phr.- the Son of man, Filius 
hominis, Vulg. Matt. xxv. 31, etc. [II 
An individual of the male sex: vit, 
viri: often used in preference to homo, 
when the existence of such qualities as 
courage, genius, etc., is implied: he bore 
his pain like a m., tulit dolorem ut vir, 
Cic. Tuse. 2, 22, 53 (it is added, et, wf 
homo, majorem ferre sine causa noluit, 
1.e. as man instinctively shrinks from 
pain: cf. supr. 11.,1) unworthy of the 
characters of great men, non satis dig- 
num summorum virorum personis, Nep. 
pref. init. Less freq. with bad epithets, 
as turpissimi viri, Sall. Jug. 85. Adv. 
Viritim, man by man (distributively): 
Cic.: Suet. An old mam, sénex, is (v. 
OLD)- @ young m., adolescens, adolescen- 
tulus (cf. supr. L., 1); juvenis: see also 
younc. Phr.: you must play the m., 
vobis necesse est fortibus viris esse, Liv. 
21, 44, fin.: Icall upon you to play the 
™., VOS moneo uti forti atque parato 
animo sitis, Cic. Cat. 58, med.; all to a 
m., omnes (universi, cuncti) ad unum, 
Cic. Am. 23, 86: Liv. 
man: miles, itis: Caes.: Liv. pass. 
But very often, in such exprr. as our 
men, lis men, the poss. prons. alone are 
used: cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 24, quibus rebus 
nostri (= nostri milites) perterriti, ete. : 
but the subs. may also be expr., cf. ib. 


25, nosiris militibus cunctantibus. Ther | 


men, i. e. the enemy, may either be expr. 
by hostes (Caes.: Liv. pass.), or by illi: 
ef. Caes. l. c. 24, quum @/i....audacter 
tela conjicerent, etc. In enumerating 
losses after an engagement, the subs. is 
usu. implied in some other word: the 
enemy lost 1500 men slain in the battle, 
MD. hostium in acie periere (caesi), Liv. 
22,7, init. V. In chess, etc. : F 
calcilus (lit. pebble; games of the kind 
being played with round pebbles): Ov. 
A. A. 3, 358: Mart. 9, latro, Onis, 
m.: Ov. 1. c. 357: Mart. Also, latrun- 
culus: Sen. Ep. 106, 11. 8. miles, 
itis, m. (the pieces representing soldiers) : 
Ov. A. A. 2, 207. 

man-of-war: *navis longa maxima. 

man (adj.): mas, masciilus v MALE. 

man (v.): |. To furnish ships 
with crews: compleo, évi, étum, 2: to 
m.a fleet with farm-labourers and shep- 
herds, classem colonis pastoribusque c., 
Caes. B. C. 1, 56 (the usu. expr. is sociis 
navalibus c., Liv. 24, 11,ext7.). See also 
TO EQUIP. Il. Zo guard with men: 
Phr.: not garrison enough to m. the 
walls, praesidii tantum ut ne murus 
quidem cingi possit, Caes. B. G. 6, 36: 
the inhabitants m.’d every house and 
wall, *oppidani in omnibus aedibus parie- 
tibusque defensores aderant . to m. and 
defend every position, omnia tueri atque 
obire, Liv. 21, 8, init. See also TO 
DEFEND. 

man-servant: servus, 
puer Vv. SERVANT, SLAVE. 

man-stealer : v- KIDNAPPER. 

manacle (swbs.): 1 manica, usu. 
pl.: V. HANDCUFF 2. compes, édis, 
m. (strictly for the feet, as manicae far 
the hands): V. FETTER. 

460 


famiilus, 





IV. A sighting | 





manacle (v.): manicas (alicui) in- 
jicio, etc.: v. HANDCUFF. See also TO 
BIND, FETTER. 
manage: |. To attend to: 1 
ciiro, procuro, 1 (the latter, of m.ing 
some one’s business for him): v 10 
ATTEND TO (4, 5). 9. administro, 1 
(esp. on a larye scale): to m. one's for- 
tune, rem familiarem ad. Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 
35: to inquire into and m. the entire 
business, totam rem cognoscere et ad., 
id. Fam. 13, 11. to m. the common- 
wealth, a@ province, etc., remp., provin- 
ciam ad., Cic.: Vv. TO ADMINISTER. 5 
géro, ssi, stum, 3 (esp. but not solely, of 
public affairs): to m. and govern the 
state, g. et administrare remp., Cic. Fin. 
3, 20, 68 (suam rem bene gerere et pub- 
licam, Enn. in Cic. Fam. 1, 6). Join: 
{nostra] gerere, regere, gubernare, Cic. 
Att. 16, 2, ad init. 4, dispenso, 1 
(as a steward): to m. domestic affairs, 
res domesticas d., Cic. Att. 11, 1. 5. 
modéror, I- Vv. TO CONTROL, GOVERN. 
|]. Zo preside over, direct: admi- 
nistro, guberno, ete.: v. sup. (2, 3); 
and TO GOVERN. II]. Zo control a 
horse, ship, etc.: Phr.: to be well able 
to m. @ horse, equo optime uti, Cic. 
Deiot. 10, 20: skilful in m.ing @ horse, 
habilis equo, Liv. 24, 48, med.: cf. equum 
moderari ac flectere, Caes. B. G. 4, 33: 
so, 10 m. a ship (control its course), Da- 
vim moderari, Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 154: see 
also £0 CONTROL. 
manageable : 1, tractabilis, e 
(both in material and mental sense): @ 
kind of sickle short and m. even among 
brambles, falcium genus, breve ac vel 
inter vepres quoque tr., Plin. 18, 28, 67 
§ 261: nothing could be more m. than 
he (my son) is, nihil est eo tractabilius, 
Cic. Att. 10, 11, 2: Suet.; Ov. 2) 
habilis, e; v. HANDY. 8. facilis, e 
(easy to work): cf. Plin. 16, 43, 84, facilis 
fagus: a stronger term being obediens, 
obedientissimus (I. c.), denoting the fit- 
ness of material to be wrought with 


tools: m. bows, f. arcus, Val. Fl. 4. 
ddcilis: v. TEACHABLE, DOCILE. 
management ; |. Superintend- 


ence, control : 1, cira (act of mind- 
ing, attending to): the m. of other people’s 
affairs, c. rerum alienarum, Cic. Off. 1, 
9, 30: m. of public affairs, c. rerum 
publicarum, Sall. Jug. 3, init.: often 
denoting a special office of swperintend- 
ence, as, Cc. operum publicorum, aerarii, 
ete., Suet. Also, curatio (the act of 
managing). Cic.: Liv,. and procuratio 
(in behalf of another), Cic.: Varr. Oo, 
administratio (esp. of public affairs) : 
Cie.: Suet.: m. of private funds, peculii 
ad., Ulp. Dig. 3, dispensatio (as of a 
steward): m. of the treasury, d. aerarii, 
Cic. Vat. 15, 36. 4, moddératio (rare 
in this sense): Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 85 
(=government).  §, tractatio (dealing 
with, treatment of): the m. of important 
affairs, rerum magnarum tr. et usus, 
Cic. Rep. 3, 3: of the voice, tr. atque 
usus vocis, id. Or. 18, 59. 6. gestio 
(v. rare): Cic. 7. oecdnomia (of a 
plot in a literary worlc): Quint. 3, 3, 9. 
(Or expr. by verb: a treatise on the m. 
of artillery, *de administrandis tormen- 
tis scriptus liber; bnt also, de adminis- 
tratione ..., cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 2.) 
|]. Skill, address: Phr.: he gained his 
ends by m. rather than by force, *con- 
silio atque arte (artificio) potius quam 
vi quae concupiverat consecutus est. v. 
COUNSEL, ARTIFICE, 
manager: |. Ingen.sense: 1, 
curator (most oft., a special magistrate ; 
or a guardian) : Vv. OVERSEER, GUARDIAN 
Cl., 3). Also procurator (a m. for 
another): v. AGENT andinfr II. a 
administrator (gf public affairs): Cic. 
3. mbdérator (controller): Cic.: 
m. of steeds, m. equorum, Ov. M. 4, 245. 
I]. Steward, majordomo : 1, pro- 
cirator: Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 249. 2 
dispensator: v. PAYMASTER, STEWARD. 
ll. Chief of a company, etc.: 
magister: Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, 182 (m. 
societatis). IV. Of a theatre: de- 
signator (scenarum): Inscr. in Forcell. 





_Mandarin: *mandarinus (qui di- 
citur). 

mandate: mandatum, impératum 
(esp. in pl.), etc.: v. COMMAND (subs.). 
K mandible: maxilla: v. saw. (In 
insects, perh. mandibula, orum; used 
Macr. Sat. 7, 4, med., ot the eating appa- 
ratus of men.) 

mandragora Wealeee ae, m.: 

mandrake Col. Io, 20: Plin. (ace. 
to the latter, 25, 13, 94, the plant was 
also called Circaeon; and was of two 
kinds, male or white, candidus qui et 
mas; and female or black, niger qui 
femina existimatur: the former perh.= 
Atropa mandragora, Linn.), 

manducate; mando, mandiico: v, 
TO CHEW, 

mane: 1, jiiba: of a horse, Cic. 
Div. 1, 33, extr.: Virg.: Gell. s 
coma; Pall. 4, 13, ad init.: Gell. 5, 14 
(comae cervicum leonis), Having @ 
Jlowing m., comans, ntis (esp. as epith. 
of the neck of an animal). Virg. Aen. 
12, 86. 

manful : 
MANLY. 

manfully: viriliter: Cic. Tusc. 2, 
27, 65: etc. See also BRAVELY. 
; manfulness : animus virilis ; virile 
ingenium : v. MANLY. 

mange: scabies, 6i: Cato: Coi.; less 
freq. scabrities, Gi; v. rTcH (1.). 

manger: |. 4 trough in which 
fodder is laid for cattle: patina quae 
dicitur, hoc est alveus ad hordeum minis- 
trandum: Veg. Vet. 1, 56, init. Il. 
A cattle stall: praesépe, is, n.; stabu- 
lum: v. STALL, STABLE, (Vulg. Luc. 
ii. 7, reclinavit eum in praesepio, she 
laid him in am.) 

manginess: scabrities, Gi: v. ITCH 


virilis, fortis, ete.: Vv 


mangle (subs.): perh. prélum: v. 


PRESS. 

mangle (v.): |. Tolacerate: 1, 
linio, 1- to yield one’s flesh to be md, 
viscera (sua) lanianda praebere, Liv. 1, 
g: freq. of tearing by wild beasts, Cic. 
Fam. 4, 1, med.: tom. frightfully, foede 
L, Tac. H. 1, 41, extr. Strengthened, 
dilanio, 1: v. TO TEAR IN PIECES. oo 
licéro, 1 (usu. denoting a less violent 
action than lanio). in this sense, chiefly 
poet.; Ov.: Phaedr.: v. TO LACERATE. 
Also dilacero, 1 (strengthened from 
simple verb): Cat.* Ov. I]. Zo press 
linen : *lintea prelo premere, 

mangled (part. adj.): 1, Nicer, 
éra, érum (poet.): Virg. Aen. 6, 495. 

9, truncus: v. MUTILATED. 

mangling (subs.): 1, laniatus, 
is (esp. by wild beasts): Cic.: Just. 
9, licératio (rare): Cic. in Pis. 18, 
(Or expr. by verb.) 

mangy: 1, scaber, bra, brum: m. 
sheep, m. oves. Cato R. R. 96: Col. 2, 
less freq. scabidsus: Col. Zo be m., 
scabie laborare; v. MANGE. 

manhood: |. Human nature: v. 
HUMANITY (I.). Jf, Man’s estate: 1, 
pubertas (the period of puberty): during 
the first years after his attaining to m., 
primis pubertatis annis, Just. 9,6: Suet. 

9, virilitas (late and rare): Plin. 

33, 12, 54. 3, more freq. expr. by 
toga virilis s. pura (meton.): from m. 
(upward), usque a t. pura, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 
jin.: the former year brought him to 
m., Superior annus virilem t, dedit, id. 
Sext. 69, 144: tv attain to m.,, t. virilem 
sumere, id. Ph. 2, 18, 44. Comp. prae 
textatus, not having attained to m., Cic. 
Lie. 4, matured m., constans aetas : 
Cic. Sen. 10, 33 

mania: 1. perh. cacoéthes, is, n. ; 
Juv.. Vv. ITCH. 2. more precisely, 
morbus et insania: Cic. Verr. 4, init, 
(de Verris signorum cupiditate). Phr.: 
to have a perfect m. for anything, ali- 
cujus rei ad insaniam studiosum esse, 
cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35, 87: he has a m. 
for brasses, stupet in aere, Hor. S. 1 
4, 28. 

maniac: homo firidsus, vécors, etc. + 
v. MAD. 

manichean: as subs., Manichaeus, 
f -a Cod. Just. 1, 5,4: Aug. As adg, 


42. 


‘a te 


MANIFEST 





the M. doctrines, *Manetis s. Manichae- 
orum ratio, doctrinu, dogmata. 

manifest (adj.): 1, manifestus 
(esp. of crimes): m. and detected crime, 
scelus m.atque reprehensum, Cic. Cat. 3, 
5, 11: cf. MANIFESTLY. 2. perspi- 
cuus: to render anything m. (indisput- 
able), aliquid p. facere, Cic. R. Am. 7, 
18. Join: tam apertum tamque per- 
spicuum, id. N. D.2,2,4. 3. apertus, 
évidens: v. EVIDENT. 4, promptus; 
also in promptu (brought out to view; 
visible at once): Join: prompta et 
aperta (7. pl.), Cic. Fin. 1, 50, 30: 
promptus et propositus, id, R. Am. 40, 
118. 7o be m. (of a truth), in promptu 
esse (opp. to recondita quadam ratione 
cerni), id. Off. 1, 27,95. See also CLEAR 
(V.); EVIDENT (TO BE). 

manifest (v.): 1, déclaro, 1: the 
gods often m. their presence, divi prae- 
sentiam saepe suam d., Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 
6: cf. To Express (11.5). 2, ostendo, 
3: V. TO DISPLAY. 8. manifesto, 1 
(rare): to m. gratitude, gratam volun- 
tatem m., Just. 24, 6, extr. (N.B.—In 
theol. sense, Vulg. 1 Tim. iii. 16.) To 
m. itself (as any good quality may 
do), elucere, enitescere: Y. TO DISPLAY 
(ITSELF). 

manifestation: |. Display, out- 
ward showing: Phr.: to be veceived 
with lively m.s of pleasure, effusius ex- 
cipi, Suet. Ner. 22: cf. id. 41, athletas 
effusissimo studio spectavit: the people 
received me with the liveliest ms of 
joy, *populus gaudia ob meum reditum 
apertissime declarabat. I. Act of 
manifesting : esp. as theol. ¢. ¢.: mani- 
festatio: cf. TO MANIFEST (3). 

manifestly: 1, manifesto or -é 
(cf. MANIFEST, 1): m. detected crime, 
facinus manifesto compertum, Cic. Clu. 
14, fin.: in later authors simply = evt- 
dently, palpably: Plin. 2, 45, 69, m. os- 
tendere (de spongiis). (N.B.—M.-guilty 
may also be expr. by manifestus alone : 
e.g. manifestus tauti sceleris, Sall. Jug. 
35: Cic.) Q. aperté, perspicué, etc. : 
V. EVIDENTLY. 3. expr. by apparet, 
liquet : v. EVIDENT (TO BE). 

manifesto: perh. édictum: v. PRO- 
CLAMATION. 

manifold: |. Slany times multi- 
plied: chiefly fig.: to yield a m. return, 
miros, maximos, mirificos fructus efferre, 
cf. Cic. Sen. 3, fin.: ad Br. 1, 3, med. 

||. Various, in many forms : il; 

multiplex, icis: extensive and m. dis- 
cipline, magna et m. disciplina (artis), 
Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 222: m. (more than 
one) meanings of words, m. verborum 
potestates, Auct. Her. 4, 54. 2. va- 
rius: Vv. VARIOUS. 8, multiformis, e 
(late): Plin. 

maniple: in a Roman legion, mani- 


pilus: Caes.: Liv. By mus, manipu- 
latim: Liv.: Tac. 
manipulate: tracto, 1: with or 


without manibus: v. TO HANDLE. 

manipulation: expr. by tracto: the 
material requires most careful m., *ea 
materia diligentissime ac subtilissime se 
manibus tractari postulat. 

mankind: genus hominum s. hu- 
manum: Cic.: v. HUMAN (1, 2). Or 
often, simply homines: i ws the way 
with m., est mos hominum, Cic. Br. 
21, 84. 

manliness: 1, expr. by vir, viri- 
lis, viriliter: to act with becoming m., 
*sicut virum decet se gerere; viriliter 
agere; fortem atque virilem promere 
animum: v. MANLY. 2. virtus, for- 
titudo: v. COURAGE, FORTITUDE. 

manly: |, Belonging to man, 
naturally: virilis, e: the m. toga, toga 
v., Cic.: ¥. MANHOOD. Il. Showing 
the spirit of a man: 1, virilis, e 
(becoming a true man): Join: fortis 
et virilis, Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 220 (i. e. not 
weak or effeminate): also, id. Tusc. 3, 
Io, 22 (fortis et, ut ita dicam, virilis 
ratio atque sententia, a m. philosophy): 
et alibi. Also absol., Quint. 9, 4, 3: 
Just. Adv, viriliter, in a m. way: 
Join: viriliter animoque magno, Cic. 
Off. 1, 27, 94. 2. expr. by vir: e. g. 









MANTLE 


dignum viro et decorum, Cic. Off. l. c.: 
cf. ib. 1, 25, 88: it ts m. to..., virorum 
fortium est (with inf.), cf. id. Tusc. 2, 
18,43. 8. générdsus (noble-spirited) : 
cf. Cic. Tusc, 2, 6, 16, quaedam generosa 
virtus, a manly virtue (refusing to allow 
pain to be the greatest evil): cf. Vell. 
2, 125, extr. (vir simplicitatis generosis- 


simae). 

manna: manna (indecl.): Vulg. 
Hebr. ix. 4: Tert. (Man, indecl., Exod. 
Xvi. 31.) 

manner: |. Way: 1, modus: 


m. of life, vitae m., Cic. Sen. 21, 77: 
after the m. of, modo, in modum (not in 
modo), ad modum, foll. by gen., or with 
adjective: in the m. of slaves, servorum 
modo, Liv. 39, 26, med. : in a surprising 
m., mirum in m., Caes. B. G. 1, 41: Cic. 
2, ratio, Onis, f. (strictly, course, 
proceeding) : our men resist in the same 
m. as on the previous day, eadem r. qua 
pridie ab nostris resistitur, Caes. B. G. 5, 
40: cf. quibus rationibus, id. B. C. 3, 83, 
extr. 8. via (course, mode of pro- 
cedure: a fig. expr.): v. WAY. Phr.: 
in the m. of, ritu, vicem (Vv. LIKE, adv.) : 
in this m., sic, ita (v. THUS): in what 
m., quomodo (v, HOW): in whatsoever 
m., Quocunque modo, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 66. 
II. Custom: esp. in phr. manners 
and customs: 1, instititum: esp. 
pl. (established usages), Caes. B. G. init. : 
Val. Max. 2, 6 (de externis institutis, 
title). 2. mos, moris, m.: he said it 
was not in accordance with Greek m.s, 
negavit moris esse Graecorum, Cic. Verr. 
2, 2, 26, 66. Join: in more positum 
institutoque majorum, id. Agr. 2, init.: 
v. CUSTOM. II]. Good manners: dé- 
cdrum: Vv. DECENCY, PROPRIETY. See 
also POLITENESS, REFINEMENT. 
mannered (part. adj.): moratus 
(having certain manners or morals): 
cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 43, fin.: Pl. 
mannerism: perb. mala affectatio: 
cf. Quint. 8, 3, 56 (the term is applicable 
to whatever is strained and unnatural 
in style): Suet. 
mannerly: urbanus: v. POLITE. 
mannikin: hodmuncilus, homuncio, 
hodmullus: v. MAN. 
manoeuvre (subs.): |. Military 
device or arrangement : 1, sometimes 
consilium imperatorium (= Gr. otpaty- 
ynea, a stratagem): Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 15. 
2. sumetimes expr. by convertere 
agmen (to alter or reverse the line of 
march): cf. Front. 1, 5, 13, converso 


agmine, exercitum incolumem reduxir, | 


by means of this m. he brought baci his 
army safe. (But very often not expr. 
by any single word: by this m., quo 
facto, qua re, cf. Front. 2, 4, pass.) Il. 
Evolution of troops: décursus, ts; de- 
cursio: v. EVOLUTION. I. Artifice: 
aruficium, ddlus: v. CONTRIVANCE, 
SCHEME. 

manoeuvre (v.): expr. by explico, 
I (with pron. refl.); or decurro, 3: v. 
TO FORM (III.); DEPLOY; EVOLUTION. 

manor: gen. term, *praedium. 

manse: *paréchi s. presbyteri aedes. 

manservant: servus, famtilus: v. 
SLAVE. 

mansion: diémus, itis, f.; instila (let 
out to various parties): V. HOUSE. 

manslaughter: homicidium: v. 
HOMICIDE (I1.). 

mantelet } 1, vinea (moveable 

mantlet § penthouse for attack): to 
bring up the m.s against a town, vineas 
ad oppidum agere, Caes. B. G. 2, 12; 
close to the walls, v. [et aggerem] muro 
adjungere, Liv. 37, 26, med. . plu- 
teus or -um; pl. plutei (similar to pre- 
ced.): to take (a place) by means of m.s, 
vineis et pluteis capere, Liv. 34, 17, extr. 

8, testido, inis, f. (formed by juxta- 
position of shields): Caes. 

mantle (subs.): palla (lady’s) : worn 
out of doors (Varr. L. L. 5, 30, 131): a 
gorgeous m. covers their feet, tegit p. 
superba pedes, Ov. Am. 3, 13, 26: Mart. 
For other kinds of mantle, v. CLOAK. 

mantle (v.): ie. to overspread: 
perh. suffundo, fuidi, fusum, 3: ef. Virg. 








MANY 


ore ruborem, “if she m. her face with 
maidenly red:” so pass. refl., suffundi 
ora (acc. of closer detin.) rubore, Ov. M. 
I, 484. u 

mantle-piece: perh. pliiteus gut 
supra caminum exstat. 

manual (adj.): expr. by manus: to 
get a (scanty) living by m. labour, 
manuum mercede inopiam tolerare, Salil. 
Cat. 37: m. labour, *opera quae manibus 
exercetur. (Cic. bas manu atque opera, 
Off. 2, 4, 14, but not in the precise sense 
required.) 

manual (subs.): enchiridion, libel- 
lus: V. HAND-BOOK. 

manufactory : 1. officina (a 
workshop, laboratory, etc.): m.s of arms 
armoruim of., Caes. B. C. 1, 34: called 
off. ferrariae, Auct. B. Afr. 20. B. 
fabrica (more freq. denotes the trade or 
craft): V¥. WORKSHOP. 

manufacture (sabs.): fabrica: m. 
of brass and ion, aeris et ferri f., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 60, 150: Quint. Also, ars fa- 
brica, Paul. Iig. 33, 7, 19, $1. 

manufacture (v.): fabricur, 1; also 
fabrico, 1 (applicable to the work of 
artists as well as of manufacturers or 
craftsmen: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 41, 147, qui 
sigua tabricantur = sculptors): to m. 
thunderbolts for Jupiter, Jovi fulmen 
(fulmina) fabricari, Cic. Div. 2, 19, ini 
Also, fabréfacio, 3; esp. in p. part. ta- 
brefactus: m.d iron (opp. to iron in the 
bar or unwrought), ferrum fabrefactum, 
cf. Liv. 26, 21, argenti acrisque fabre- 
facti vis. (N.B.—Not manu factus, which 
simply = artificial, opp. to natural.) 
See also TO WEAVE, Cast (LV.), etc. 

manufacturer: i. e. one who car- 
ries on a manufactory, *qui officiuam 
(ferrariam, etc.) habet. 

manufacturing (part. adj.): Phr.: 
m. industry, artes fabricae (Vv. MANU- 
FACTURE, subs.): a m. town, *urbs & 
oppidum cujus incolae officinarum fruc- 
tibus aluntur; urbs fabricis florens, in- 
signis. 

manumission: minimissio: Cic. 

manumit: manimitto, misi, ssum, 
3: Pi.: Cic.: also as two words; cf. 
Cic. Mil, 21, 57, cur igitur eos manu- 
misit? with ib. 22, init., manu vero cur 
miserit (cur vero manumiserit)? See 
also TO EMANCIPATE, LIBERATE. 

manure (subs.) 1, stercus, dris, 
m. (strictly, animal): three kinds of 
(animal) m., tria genera stercoris, Col. 2, 
15, init.: cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 38: to serve 
excellently as (a substitute for) m., op- 
timi s. vim praebere, Col. 2, 15, med. 
(N.B.—Cato uses the term stercus of 
artificial manure, R. R. 37.) 2. lae 
tamen, inis, n. (of any kind): Pall. 3, 1, 
etc. (rare), 8. fimus: v. DUNG. 

manure (v.): 1, stercdro, t: Cato: 
Varr.: Col.: Plin. Q, laetifico, 1 (in 
gen. sense, to fertilize): cf. Plin. 18, 12, 
30 § 120, solum in quo sata est laetificat 
stercoris vice. (Or expr. by stercore s. 
fimo saturare, to m. thoroughly, cf. Virg. 
G. I, 80.) 

manured, well: _1, stercérdsus: 
a thoroughly well m. spot, locus stercoro- 
sissimus, Cato R. R. 46: Col. = 
stercératus : superl. locus stercoratis- 
simus, Col. 11, 2, ad jin. 

manuring (subs.): stercbratio: Varr.: 
Plin. 

manuscript: *liber s. codex manu- 
scriptus: M. L. (Sometimes antogra- 
phus = the original m.: V. AUTOGRAPH.) 
Phr.: he left various works in m., 


*complures libros in scrinio necdum 
Vulgatos reliquit. 
many: ], multi, ae, a: m. very 


brave and excellent men, m. fortissimi 
atque optimi viri, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, med. 
(when a separate emphasis is laid on 
the multi as well as on the second 
adjective, a conj. must be used: e. g. 
multis magnisque pullicitationibus, by 
many offers, and those liberal ones, Nep. 
Eum. 3: on the contrary, multi per- 
fecti bomines, many perfect scholars, 
not multi et perfecti, Gic de Or. 1, 3, 10; 
the multi having no emphasis apart 


G. 1, 430, si (Luna) virgineum suffuderit | from the perfecti): one of the m. (the 


461 


MANY, A GOOD 


MARCH 








common herd), unus e (de) multis, Cic. | 
Fin. 2, 20, 66, etc.: poet. in sing. = many 
a...: Virg. E. 1, 34 (multa victima) : 
Hor. Very m., permulti, Cic.: Caes. 
(but also plurimi, rather stronger than 
permulti). 2. plérique, aeque, aque 
(a considerable number : sometimes the 
greater number or mujority): cf. Cic. 
Inv. 1, 26, fin., multi nihil prodesse phi- 
losophiam, plerique etiam wbesse arbi- 
trantur (which proves that plerique de- 
uotes naturally less than multi): ef. id. 
de Or. 1, 6, 22: ‘Vac. Also sing. with 
collect. subss.: m. of the young men, 
pleraque juventus, Sall. 3, com- 
plires, a; also, ia, ium (several; a good 
many): Ter.: Cic.: v. MANY (A GOOD). | 
(N.B.—Complures denotes a smaller 
number than plerique; not move than 
might be counted.) in same sense also 
plures, a: cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, plus fore 
dicunt in pluribus consilii quam in uno 
(i. e. @ number of persons; as distin- 
guished from ove). 4, expr. by fré- 
quens, créber (0f many together in one 
place, or near each other): there were 
very m. of us present (in the senate), 
sane frequentes fuimus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 
1: very m. buildings (crowded together), 
creberrima aedificia, Caes. B. G. 5, 12. 
§. multiplex, ies (many and vari- 
ous): V. MANIFOLD. 
many,agood: 1, aliquammulti, 
ae, a (or separately): rare in good au- 
thors: Cic. Verr. 4, 25, 56: Gell.: Apul. 
2. compliires, a or ia: a good m. of 
our men, c. nostri milites, Caes. B. G. 1, 
52: having built a good m. rafts, ©. | 
ratibus factis, ib. r, 8: Cic. Dimin. | 
complusculi (a pretty good m.): Ver.: 
Gell. 3, plérique, aeque, aque (more | 
than complures). v. MANY (2). 
—, aS: qt... tot (indecl.): as | 
many causes as peisos, quot homin:s 
tot causae, Cic de Or. 2, 32. 140: Hor. 
As m. times, quoties . . . toties, Cic. 
——, how: quot, indecl.: both as 
interrog. ani in exclamations: Cic. 
How m. times, quoties, Cic.: Virg. 
—, 80: tot, indecl.: Cic.:; Hor. So 
m. times, toties, Cic.: Liv. 
many-coloured: multicolor, oris 
(rare): Plin.: Apul. Also multicolorus, 
a, um: Gelt. (Better multis s. variis 
coloribus distinctus.) 
many-headed: *multiceps, cipitis: 
after anal. of triceps, etc. 
many-sided: J. Lit.: v. moxti- 
LATERAL, I]. Fig.: of various, ver- 
satile nature: nearest word perh. va- 
Trius: cf. Cic. Ac. I, 4, 17, Varius et mul- 
tiplex et copiosus [de Platune]: cf. Sall. 
Cat. 5, where it is used in bad sense, 
capable of wearing any mask: or perh. 
multiformis (with some such preamble 
as, ut ita dicam): V. MANIFOLD. 
many-times: saepe, saepénuméro : 
V. OFTEN. 
map (subs.): tabiila: Cic. Att. 6, 2, 
2: M.L. (sometimes, from the context, 
it may be necessary to add geographica, 
regionis, etc.). Phr.: @ parchment m. 
of the world, depictus orbis terrae in 
membrana, Suet. Dom. 10, med. 
map (v.): usu. to map out: 16 
désigno, 1: Vitr.: v. To Lay our (IIL). 
9. describo, psi, ptum, 3: esp. to 
divide, distribute: ef. Cie. Rep. 2, 8, 
populum in tribus tres curiasque tri- 
ginta descripserat (had mapped or por- 
tioned out) : V. TO MARK OUT. 
maple: Acer, éris, m.: Plin.: Ov. 
Of m., muple-, acernus, Virg. Aen. 2, 
112: Hor. 
mar (v.): 1, foedo, 1 (physically) : 
V. TO DISFIGURE. 9. déformy, rt: esp. 
fig., to m. many good qualities by a 
single fault, multa bona uno vitio d., 
Liv. 30, 14, extr.: Quint. 3. cor- 
Tumpo, 3: Vv. TO CORRUPT, SPOIL. 
marauder: praedator (plundever) ; 
for which in pl. may be used, praedantes 
(milites): praedatoria manus: v. PLUN- 
DERER. 
marauding (adj.): praedatorius : 
€.g. pr. manus: Sall. Jug. 20, fin. Also 
praedabuiidus, to be used in apposition, 
after its subs.: Liv. 2, 26. 
462 











Marauding (subs.): praedatio: Vell. : 
ac. 


marble (suwbs.): marmor, Oris, n.: 
Cic.: Hor.: to hew m. (in the quarry), 
m. caedere, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, 147 
(lapidem caedere et apportare machina}: 
to cut m. into veneer, mM. in crustas 
secare, Plin. 36, 6, 6: to overlay walls 
with m., parietes crusta marmoris ope- 
rire, ib. § 7. Also may denote a monu- 
ment or other work in m., Hor. Od. 4, 
8, 13. 

marble (adj.): marmoreus: used 
both lit. and fig.: m. neck (white as 
marble), m. cervix, Virg. G. 4, 523: Ov. 
(When = unfeeling, insensible, use fer- 
reus, saxeus [rare], durus: v. HARD- 
HEARTED.) 

marble (v.): *in specien: marmoris 
versicoloris pingere. 

marble-worker: marmérarius: Sen. 
Ep. 88, 15. 


March: Martius (mensis): Cic.: 
Plin. 
march (subs.): |. Of soldiers : 


1, iter, itinéris, 7. (any journey) : 
to direct one’s m. towards a place, i. 
babere (with acc. of name of town to 
which), Cic. Att. 8, 11, D: also, i. in ali- 
quam terram intendere, Liv. 21, 29: to 
hasten a m., i, maturare, Caes. B. C. 1, 


| 633 properare, Tac. A. 15, 12: an un- 


safe, dangerous m., i. infestum, pericu- 
losum, Cic. Ph. 12, 10,25: to hasten by 


forced ms, Magnis (maximis) i. con- 


tendere, Caes. B. G. I, to: strengthened, 
quam potui maximis i., Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 
med, See also TO MARCH. (N.B.—To 
do anything on or in the course of a 
march, expr. by in itinere, or iter fa- 
ciens 5 ex itinere only to denote the send 
ing of persons or things from the army 
marching : cf, Sall. Cat. 34, Catilina ex 
itinere. ..litteras mittit.) 2. agmen, 
inis, . (strictly, an army marching: 
also, the march itself, as a military 
movement, not a journey directed to a 
certain point): to take a slave with one 
on m., servum in a. habere, Sall. Jug. 
45: cf. paulo infr., in agmine = when 
the troops were on m.: to harass the 
enemy's (line of ) m., a. adversariorum 
male habere et carpere, Caes B.C. 1, 63. 
[|]. As measure of time or distance : 
Phr.: one days m., iter unius diei, Cic. 
Fam. 15, 4, med.: also, diei iter, 44, 7, 
med.: in two days’ m. (lit. encamp- 
ments), secundis castris, Liv. 44,7, init. ; 
also, alteris castris, id. 38, 13: in five 
dais’ m., quintis castris, Caes. B. G. 7, 
36, init. ||]. Pace, progress: gradus: 
V. PACE, IV. Departure of troops: 
profectio: to give the signal for march 
with the trumpet, classico signum pro- 
fectionis dare, Liv. 2, 59: nearly equi- 
valent is phr. vasa conclamare, to raise 
the shout for packing up, preliminary 
to departure: Caes. B. C. 1, 66 
march (v.): A, Intrans.: 1, 
expr. by iter, with a verb (cf. preced. 
art. 1.): to m. by night, noctu iter facere, 
Caes. B. C. 1,67: to m. towards Capua, 
i. Capuam habere (v. MARCH, subs.) : 
they m. straight for the Iberus, recto ad 
[berum it. contendunt, Caes. B. C. 1. 69: 
ef. recto it. pervenit, Liv. 22, 9, init. : 
to m. without any definite route, nullo 
certo it. exercitum ducere, ib. 68: to 
m. incessantly, night and day, nullam 
partem noctis iter intermittere, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 26. 9, exercitum s. agmen 
diico, xi, ctum, 3; with comps.: he m.’d 
into the territory of the Olcades, in fines 
Olecadum ex. induxit, Liv. 21, 5, init.: 
he m.’s back by the same mountain route, 
jugis iisdem ex. reducit, id. 22, 15, ad 
init.: so, agmen jugis ducere, id. 22, 
18, med. Also Liv. oft. uses duco as 
intrans.: (the road) along which Han- 
nibal would have to m., qua Hannibal 
ducturus erat, 22, 15, extr.: also. ad 
hostem ducit, he m.’s to meet the enemy, 
22, 12, tnit. 8. eo, 4, irr.: usu of 
immediate advance against an enemy . 
cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 67, Caesar equitatum 
suum contra hostem ire jubet: Liv. 


4, contendo, di, tum, 3 (with speed) : | 


v. TO HASTEN (B, 4). 5, comps. of 











MARK 





gradior, gressus, 3: as, progredior (to 
m. on, forward) ; egredior (to m. out of 
a place); regredior (to m. back): after 
they had m.’d (on) four miles, millia 
progressi quattuor, Caes. B. U. 1, 80: v. 
TO ADVANCE, ISSUE FORTH, RETREAT. 
6. incédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (of the pace 

of troops): cf. Liv. 28, 14, ad jin., seg- 
nius Hispanorum signa incedebant. 7, 
proficiscor, fectus, 3 (to start): v. To 
SET OUT. B, lrans.: diico, with 
comps.: v. sup7. (A.,, 2). 

marches: fines: v. BOUNDARY. 

marching (subs.): Phr.: im m. 
order, perh. agmine instructo, Liv. 2, 49, 
imit. (where the phr. = acie istructa 5 
but agmen is properly an army march- 
ing): to give the siynal for m., profec- 
tionis signum dare, Liv. (v, MARCH, subs., 
1V.). 

marchioness: *marchionissa; mar- 
chionis uxor (Vu C.). 

mare: équa: Varr.: Col.: Virg. 

margin: margo, inis, ¢.: ef a page, 
Juv. 1,5. See alsu BRINK, EDGE. 

marginal: *in margine positus, mar- 
gini ascriptus. 

margrave: *marchio (Du C.). 

margravine: *marchionissa; mar- 
chionis uxor (Du C.). 

marigeld: caltha: Plin. 21, 6, 15. 
(*Calendula officinal.s, Linn.) 

marine (a@j.): marinus (physically 
connected with the sea; of things, not 
people): a land (animal) differs from 
a m. one, terrenum differt a marino, 
Quint. 5, re, 61: Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43 
(murinis terrenisque humoribus). Phr.: 
m, stores, navalia, Liv. 45, 23, post init. 
(quae ad nives faciendas, reficiendas, in- 
struendas pertinent): m. insurance, nau- 
ticum fenus (V. INSURANCE). 

marine (subs.): i.e. a soldier who 
Sights on ship-board : 1, miles nauti- 
cus, Tac. Agr. 25: also miles classicus, 
Liv. 21, 61, init.: for which simply 
miles, Liv. 21, 50 (opp. to socii navaels, 
the working crews, rowers, etc.): also, 
Viir. 2, 8, 14, sqq. Also pl. classici, 
orum, marines (without subs.), Tac. H. 
1, 36. 2. &pibata, ae (Gr. emBarys* 
but only in pl.): ships swept clear of all 
their m.s. Naves omnibus e. nudatae, 
Auct. B. Alex. 11. (N.B.—Socii navales 
denotes the crew, v. supr.; also classi- 
arii, Auct. B. Alex. 12 and 20: both 
which passages show that the latter were 
not properly Jighting-men.) 

Mariner: pavila, nauta: v. SAILOR, 

marital: maritalis, e: v. MATRIMO- 
NIAL, (Or gen. of maritus.) 

maritime: 1, maritimus (having 
to do with the sea; esp. of people): am. 
and naval enemy, m. et navalis hostis, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 3: m. states, m. civitates, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 34: m. affairs, m. res, 
Caes. Neut. pl. used absol. = maritime 
parts, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, ad init.: Plin. 

2. expr. by maré, is, n.: m. cities, 

civitates quae mare contingunt, quae in 
mari sunt, cf. Cic. Rep. 2,4. Phr.: a 
great m. power, *civitas quae navibus s. 


| classibus pollet; magnas copias navales 


habens. See also NAVAL. 

marjoram: aAmaricus, i, c.; also 
-um, i: Plin. 21, 11, 39. (Origanum 
majorana, Linn.) Adj. amaracinus, of 
m., Lucr.: lin. 

mark (subs.): |, Acharacter traced 
with pen, etc. : 1, nota: toputam. 
to a bad verse, D. apponere ad malum 
versum, Cic. in Pis. 30, init.: Sen.: esp. 
the mark put against a senator’s name 
by the censors, indicating his removal 
from the senate: Cic. Clu. 46, 129: Liv. 
So, birth-m.s, genitivae notae, Suet. Aug. 
80. 2. stigma, atis, n. (a mark burnt 
into the body, esp. of @ slave): cf. Suet. 
Cal. 27. stigmatum notae, i.e. the marks 
of branding: ¥. BRAND. 3. dbélus 
(an asterisk, used for critical purposes): 
Aus. Sap. pref. 13. In same sense, obe- 
liscus, Aug. I]. Token, sign: 1. 


| indicitum (that which indicates or re- 


vedas): am. of good-will towards any 
ome, ind, benevolentiae erga aliquem, Cic. 
Fam. 7,6: most freq. of tokens of guilt: 
V. INDICATION, EVIDENCE, 2, ndta: 





MARK 


Join: notae et vestigia (scelerum), Cic. 
Verr. 2, 47, 115. 3. signum : (tlush- | 
ing), @ m. of modesty, s. pudoris, ler. | 
Andr. 5, 3,7: V. SIGN. 4, vestigium: | 
Vv. TRACE, I]. Characteristic : expr. 
by gen. after verb esse: it is the m. Of a | 
little mind, pusilli avimi est, Cic.: v. | 
CHARACTERISTIC (subs.).  [Y._That lo- | 
wards which aim is directed: Phr.: to 
aim an arrow at a m., sagittam colli- 
neare, Cic. Fin. 3,6,22: to make a m. 
of the head or neck, caput, collum petere, 
id. Mur. 26, 52: so, to be the m. of @ 
host of daggers, undique strictis pugioni- 
bus peti. Suet. Cars, 82: also expr. by 
destino: v. To am (1I.). (N.B.—Scupus, 
though used by modern Latinists, bas 
mo ancient authority. Cic. writes the 
word as Greek, and uses it then only in 
fig. sense = aim, olject.) YY. A coin: 
*Marcus (from the effigy of the saint 
80 named). 
mark (v.): | Zo draw or make a 
mark upon anything : 1, ndto, 1: to 
m. a ticlet with blood, tabellam san- 
guine n., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, extr.: to m. 
eggs with ink, ova atramento n., Col. 
9, expr. by ndta, with a verb: e. g. 
to m. pigs, porcis n. imponere, Col. 7, 9, 
fin. : cf. Cic. Fam. 13, 6, med., epistolae 
DR. apponere. 3, signo, 1: the feathers 
are m.d with blood, signata sanguine 
pinna est, Ov. M. 670. So, pecori siguum, 
numeros acervis imprimere, Virg. G. I, 
263. Phr.: tom.a line as suspicious, 
obelum versui apponere: v. MARK (I., 3). 
I]. 0 indicate, as a mark or monu- 
ment does: signo, 1: it ms the spot, 
locum signat, ubi..., Pl. Cist. 4, 2, 28: 
Virg. Aen. 7, 4. Ill. Fig.: to set 
down ‘mentally : ndto, designo, 1: v. TO 
MARK OUT. IV. To pay attention to: 
Phr., animo adesse (to be all attention), 
Cic. Sull. 11, 33; animum defigere et 
intendere (to mark attentively) in ali- 
quam rem, Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46: v. TO 
ATTEND TO. 
mark out: |, Lit.: to lay out 
by means of lines: 1. métor, 1: to 
m. out land (in allotments, etc.), agrum | 
m., Liv. 21, 25, med.: esp. to m. out a 
camp, castra m., Caes. B. C. 3, 13. 2. 
désigno, 1 (in this sense, chiefly poet.) : 
to m. out the site of a city with the 
plough, urbem aratro d., Virg. Aen. 5, 
955: Ov.: Tac. 8, signo, 1 (also poet. 
in this sense): to m. the site for walls 
with the plough, moenia s. aratro, Ov. F. 
4, 819: Virg. Il. Ze settle, fix upon: 
], désigno, 1: Join: notare et 
designare (ad caedem), Cic. Cat. 1, 1,2: 
Caes. B. G. 1, 18, init. 9, ndio, 1: 
Cic.: v. supr. (1). 8. déndto, 1 
(stronger and more precise than simple 
verb): cf. Cic. Man. 3, 7, cives Romanos 
necandos denotavit. See also TO POINT 
out. 
marked (part. adj.): insignis, e: 
Tac. G. 31: (a heifer) m. with white 
ere maculis in-ignis et albo, Virg. G. 
3, 56. 
marker: perh. index, icis, c. (that 
which points): Cic. 
market (subs.): |. The place: 
1, macellum (for provisions): the 
forum olitorium was an old m., where 
there was a plentiful supply of vege- 
tables, forum ol. erat antiquum m., ubi 
olerum copia, Varr. L. L. 5, 32, 146: 
the fish-m., m. cetariorum, id. kK. R. 3, 
17, ad fin.: Pl.: Cic. (N.B—The pas- 
sage from Varr. shows muacellum to have 
been the current term: cf. ib. § 147.) 
Q. forum (place of public meeting | 
for sundry purposes) : fish-m , cattle-m., | 
f. piscarium, boarium, ete.: Pl.: Liv.) 
(but in various cases, the name was all 
that remained of the ancient market: cf. 
art. Roma, Dict. Geog. ii. 813). In wider 
sense, applied to a town: the most fre- | 
uented market (“mart’’) in the whole 
ingdom, forum rerum venalium totius 
regni maxime celebratum, Sall. Jug. 47: 
Vv. MARKET-TOWN. 8. perh. mercatus, 
is: cfinfr.. |, The regularly insti- | 
tuted season: 1, mercatus, tis: to 
hold a m., m. habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 9: 
a crowaed m., Liv. 1, 30, med. (also used | 








| terae quibus magistro navis jus belli 


MARRIAGE 


of other public gatherings : cf. Cic. Ley 
2. nundinae, arum (held every nine 

[eight | days): it was not legal sor the 
élections to be luld on m.-days, comitia 
nundinis haberi non licebat, Plin. 18, 3, 3, 
§ 13: Cic. Fest. Phr.: peraining to 
the (weekly) m., nundinarius, Plin.: Ulp.: 
to attend or hold a m., wundinari: usa. 
in fig. sense, e. g. to make m. of the 
empire of the Roman », imperium 
P. R. uundinari, Cic. Ph. 3, 4, to. Ill. 
Sale: q. Vv. 

market (°.): ], nundinor, 1: v. 
preced. art. (IL, jin.). 2, obsono, I 
_ buy provisions): PL Aul. 2, 4, I: 

er. 

marketable: vénalis, e: v. SALE- 
ABLE. J. commodities, Merces, um: VY. 
MERCHANDIZE. 

market-day : 
MARKET (LL., 2). 

market- garden: ¥- 
GARDEN. 

marketing (subs.): expr. by obsono, 
I: V. TO MARKET (2). 
jmarket-place : forum: Vv. MAKKET 


market-price: Phr.: what is the 
m. of these things, *quanti haec vulgo 
veneunt? (Vv. TO SELL) food the m. of 
which is only an as, cibus uno asse ve- 
nalis, Plin. 19, 4, 20 § 54: he brought 
down the m. of corn to am as, pretium 
farris ad assem redegit, id. 18, 3, 4 § 15: 
of provisions, annona: to raise the m., 
annonam incendere, excandefacere, Varr. 
R. R. 3, 2, ad fin.: v. PRICE. 

market-town: forum: Cic. Clu. 
14, 40. 
3 market-woman: perh. *nundina- 
rix. 


nundinae, arum: v. 


KITCHEN- 


marksman: Phr.: he was such a 
skilful m. as to be able ke hit birds 
flying, adeo certo ictu destinata feriebat, 
ut aves quoque exciperet, Curt. 7, 5, 
jin.: cf. Liv. 38, 29, med., non capita 
solum vulnerabant, sed quem locum des- 
tinassent oris. 

marking (subs.): ndtatio: Cic.: v. 
TO MARK. 

marl: marga (a Celtic word): Plin. 
17, 6, 4 § 42: in describing it, Plin. uses 
the expr. spissior ubertas....et quidam 
terrae adipes. (The description of a 
species of marga called columbina or 
eglecopala [Celtic], answers very closely 
to our marl: Plin. l. c. § 46.) 

marline-spike: *ferrum in acumen 
tenuatum quo utuntur nautae. 

marl-pit; puteus ex quo effoditur 
marga: cf. Plin. 17, 8, 4 § 45. 

marly: margae naturam habens; 
margae similis: Vv, MARL. 

marmalade: perh quilon ex auran- 
tiis confectum; conditura ex anrantiis 
confecta, quam noxtrates marmaladam 
dicunt. 

marmot: perh. mus alpinus: Plin. 
8, 37,55. (*Arctomys marmotta, Desm.) 

marplot: *qui se admiscere atque 
omnia conturbare solet. 

marque: Phr.: letters of m., *lit- 


gerendi conceditur. 

marquee: tabernactilum: v. TENT. 

marquis: *marchio, marquisus, mar- 
quisius: v. Du C. s. vv. 

marquisate: *marchidnatus, tis: v. 
Du. C. s. v. 

marriage: 1, conjigium (the na- 
tural union of man and wife): the ear- 
liest association is in m., prima socie'as 
in ipso c. est, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: desirous 
of this m., cupidus hujus c., Nep. Cim. 
1: Virg. 9. connibium (strictly, 
right of intermarriage: hence also, 
sometimes actual interma: rizge between 
trives or nations gencrally: and poet. = 
conjugium): to link in steadfast m., c. 
jungere stabili, Virg. Aen. 1, 73: v. 
INTERMARRIAGE. 8. matrimonium 
(strictly, with ref. to the wife, who be- 
comes a matrona): to bestow a daughter 
in m., filam in matrimonium collocare, 
Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104: so, ducere (femi- 
nam) in matrimonium, etc. : V. TO MARRY. 
(Comp. Cic. Ph. 2, 18, 44, tanquam sto- 
lam dedisset, in matrimonio stabili et 


MARRY 





certo [te] locavit.) Also in gen. sesse 
to contract m.s or trreate them off, \oatri 
Mouia contraliere, dimittere, Suet. Cal. 
25: children boin under lauJul m., liberi 
justo m. suscepti, Just. 10, init. 2 
uuptiae, arum (strictly, (he marriage- 


Jeast; hence mewn the unim itself: 


“a match”): to celebrate a m. nupiias 
celebrare, Liv. 36, 11, in/t.: cf. Cic. Clu. 
5, 12. quum essent hae nuptiae plenae 
dicnitatis (i.e. it was a highly vespect- 
able match): to bring about a m., nup- 
tias concili re, Nep. Att. 5. 5. poet 
meton. fux, facis, J. (Wie marriage-torch) ; 
torus (m.-couch); thalamus (m.-cham- 
ber): to juin to onrself in lawful m., 
face sollenni jungere sibi, ('v, M. 7, ag: 
united by m., toro juncta, Ov. F. 3. 511: 
a stranger to m., \halumi expers, Virg. 
Aen. 4.550. Phr.: the m.-lalter, mari- 
tale capistrum, Juv. 6, 43: the law con- 
cerning m.s, ‘ex marita (pwel.). Hor. 
Car. Saec. 20; lex de maritandis ordini- 
bus, Suet. Aug. 34° certificate of m., 
“*litterae Justarum nuptia:um testes. 

marriage-contract: 1. cunditio: 
v. MATCH. Q, pactiv nuptialis: Liv. 4, 
4, med. 

marriage-feast : nuptiae, arum: 
Ter. pass. 

marriage-licence: *literae extra 
ordinem datae, conjugii ineundi causa. 

marriageable: 1, nubilis, e (of 
a woman): a grown-up, m. daughter, 
filia grandis, n., Cic. Clu. 5, 11. Re 
Adultus (grown up, of adult age): -v. 
ADULT (adj.). 3, matirus (ripe for; 
with a defining word: poet.) cf. Stat 
Silv. 3, 1, 176, bic sponsae maturus et 
illa marito: Virg. 4, poet. tempes- 
tiva viro (of a girl): Hor. 

married (part.andadj.): 1, nup- 
ta (of a woman only): a m. daughter, 
n. [jam] filia, Cic. Sext. 3,6. 2, mari- 
tus: rarely adj. in prose; but in Dig. 
used pl. so as to include both sexes, 
Papin. 24, I, 52, extr.: newly m. wife, 
nova marita, Val. Max. g, 1, 9 (nova 
nupta, ler. Ad. 4,7, 33). 93, matrona 
(m. woman) : V. MATRON. 

marrow : médulla: Plin.: Ov. Spinal 
m., spinae m., Cels. 8, 1, med. Inmin. 
medullula (m. of a small animal), Cat. 
25, 2. Fig.: the m. of persuasion, 
suadae m., Cic. Br. 15, 59. 

marrow-bone: os medullosum: v. 
foll. art. 

marrowy; médullésus: Cels. 8, 1, 
med, 

marry (v.): |. To take a wife or 
be united to a husband: 1. diico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (of the husband): freq. with a 
defining word: e. g. (aliquam) "xorem 
d., Cic. Sext. 3, 7 (but a little before, 
duxi' C. Albini filiam, without uxorem) ; 
in matrimonium d.,Caes B.G.1,9. (N.B. 
—If used absol. in Eng., uxorem must 
be added in Lat., e. g. he never m.'d, nun- 
quam uxorem uxit.) 2, niibo, psi er 
nupta sum, 3 (af the wife: with dat.): 
she m.’d her cousin, ea nupsit conso- 
brino suo, Cic. Clu. 5, 11: (o m. into a 
very distinguished family, in familiam 
clarissimam n., id. Coel. 14, 74. (\.B— 
The perfect nupta sum can only be used 
in pres. perf. sense; not as past. indef. 
—Tam md to: cf. Cic. Div. 1, 46, 
104, virgo n/psit [ei] cui Carcilia nupta 
fuerat.) Comps. of nubo rare: (1). dé 
niibo, 3 (to m. beneath her: rare) Tac. 
A. 6, 27: also poet. =nubo, Ov. M. 12, 
196. (2). éniibe, 1 (to m. out of her 
order; of a patrician lady: rare): Liv. 
10, 23. (3). inntibe, 3 (to m. into a 
family: rare): Liv. 1, 34, post int. be 
when both are to be included, expr. by 
nuptiae, etc. Aruns and Tullia are 
m.d, Aruns et Tullia junguntur nup- 
tiis, Liv. 1, 46, fin.: one hindrance in 
the way of their being m.’d, unum im- 
pedimentum quominus nuptiis inter se 
jungerentur, Val. Max. 9, 1, 9: also, 
matrimonio jungi, Liv. 1, 146, med. 
Phr.: he could not be tempted to m, 
again, neque sollicitari ulla conditione 
amplins potuit, Suet. Galb. 5: he m.’2@ 
Domitia, Domitiam sibi junxi', lac. Agu 
6, init.: to m. again, ae nuptias 

492 


MARRY 


— 


MASSAURE 


MASTER 








€xperiri, cf. Val. Max. 2, 1, 3: a@ woman 
who has been several times m.’d, femina 
Multarum nuptiarum, Cic. Att. 13, 29. 
‘|. To settle a daughter, etc., in 
wedlock: 1, colldco, 1: usu. with in 
watrimonium, Cic. Div. 1, 46, 144: also 
fione, to m. a daughter to any one, alicui 
filiam suam c., id. Br. 26, 96: and absol., 
not to be able to get m.’d, collucari non 
posse, Nep. Ep. 3. (The simple verb 
loco occurs in same sense in Pl., e.g. 
locare virginem in matrimonium, Trin. 
3, 3, 52: cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 18, 44.) 2. 
marito, 1 = preced. (later): he m.’d the 
daughter of Vitellius very handsomely, 
Vitellii filiam splendidissime maritavit, 
Suet. Vesp. 14. Phr.: to m. a daugh- 
ter to any one, filiam alicui jungere, Liv. 
I, 42: cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 3, ei filiam 
suam in matrimonium dat (where, how- 
ever, the notion of favour is implied): 
Kr. gives also, filiam nuptum dare, as 
from Cic., but without an example: 
nuptui dare is false Latin (id.). (N.B. 
—Of the above, jungo may be equally 
well used of marrying one's son to any 
one.) lll. Zo perform the ceremony 
of marriage: Phr.: *nuptiis rite cele- 
brandis praeesse; nuptiarum sollennia 
rite concipere (ef. Tac. A. 11, 26, extr.). 
(N.B.—Not celebrare; which is used of 
persons contracting a mariiage.) 
marry (interj.): médius fidius, me- 
hercle, etc. : Cic. 
marsh; palus, dis, f.: Cic.: Hor.: 
Phaedr, 
marshal (v.): |, Military officer: 
*mareschallus: v. Du C.s.v. (Only to 
be used where precision is necessary: 
otherwise, imperator, dux, legatus may 
serve.) |]. One who arranges proces- 
tions, etc. : désignator: v. Forcell. s. v. 
marshal (v.): 1, dispono, posui, 
itum, 3 (to station troops in their several 
positions): to m. cohorts (for battle): 
cohortes d., Caes. B. G. 5, 33: Vv. TO STA- 
TION. 9. instruo, xi, ctum, 3 (for 
battle): v. TO DRAW uP (IIL.). 
marshy: 1, pdaluster, tris, tre: 
Caes.: Liv. Newt. pl. palustria (= p. 
loca), Plin. 14, 15, 19 § Ilo. 2. palu- 
dosus (poet.): Ov.: Stat. 3. wiigi- 
nosus (wet, holding the water: agricult. 
ét.): Varr.: Col. 
mart: forum: v. MARKET (I., 2). 
marten; hirundo urbica, Linn. (Be- 
wick.) 
martial: bellicdsus, férox (cf. Cic. 
Rep. 2, 20, Acquorum magaa gens et 
ferox): V. WARLIKE. AM. spirit, terocia: 
ef. Liv. 9, 6, extr., Romanam virtutem 
ferociamque. A cou7i m., castrense ju- 
dicium, cf. Tac. Agr. 9. 
martinet: quidisciplinam militarem 
[{praefractius et] rigidius astringere cona- 
tur, Val. Max. 9, 7, ext7.: *nimius in 
disciplina conservanda s. astringenda. 
martyr: martyr, yris,c.: Tert.: Prud. 
(N.B.—Only to be used in special sense : 
otherwise expr. by phr., he died a m. to 
truth, pro veritate mortem [morte] occu- 
buit, R. and A.) 
martyrdom: martyrium: Tert. 
martyrologist: *martyrologii (mar- 
tyriorum) scriptor: v. preced. art. 
martyrology: martyrolégium: v. 
Fabr. Bibl. Gr. 5, 32, 19. 
marvel: Vv. WONDER. 
marvellous: mirus, mirabilis: v. 
WONDERFUL. Phr.: to be fond of the 
m., *miraculorum studiosum esse. 
masculine: |. Having manly qua- 
fities : ]. virilis, e: v. MANLY, MALE. 
2. masciilus: a m. breed of soldiers, 
m. militum proles, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 37: 
Quint. ||. In grammar: masctilinus: 
Quint. 1,6,5: M. L. 
mash (subs.): ]. In gen. sense: 
mixtura: Vv. MIXTURE. |j, For cattle: 
farrago, Inis, f.: barley m., f. hordeacea, 
Col. 2, 11, wit.: Fest. (“ farrago appel- 
latur id quod ex pluribus satis pabuli 
causa datur jumentis,” Paul. Diac. ex- 
cerpt. Ss. V.). 
mash (v.): contundo, 3: 
POUND. 
mask Cie) [Dito sper- 
sdna (theatrical or for disguise): a tra- 
464 


v. TO 








gic m., p.-tragica, Phaedr. 1, 7: Mart. ] the m. of so many thousands of unarme 


Dressed in @ m., personatus: V. MASKED. 
2, larva (ugly or caricature) : cf. 
Hor. S. 1, 5, 64. Il. 4 kind of enter- 
tainment : V. MASQUERADE. fj, Fig.: 
1, persona: to wear a m., personam 
alienam ferre, Liv. 3, 36, init. (ille finis 
Appio alienae p. ferendae fuit = Appius 
now threw off the m.): to take the m. 
trom men or things, hominibus et rebus 
p. demere, Sen. Ep. 24, 12: comp. pers. 
detrahere, Mart. 3, 43. 2. intégu- 
mentum (any disguise): cf. Cic. de Or. 
2, 86, init., evolutus illis integumentis 
dissimulationis tuae, nudatusque: v. 
DISGUISE. Phr.: to tear off the comely 
m. from the hypocrite, detrahere pellem, 
nitidus qua quisque per ora cedit, in- 
trorsum turpis, Hor. 8S. 2, 1, 64: cf. id. 
Ep. 1, 16, 45, speciosus pelle decora. 
mask (.): |. Lit.: expr. by per- 
sdna and a verb: e. g. *personam in- 
duere (to m. oneself); p. addere capiti 
alicujus (to put a m.on a person’s head), 
Plin. 12, 14, 32: v. TO PUT ON. Il. 
More freq. fig.: to throw a veil over 
anything: dissimilo, 1: cf. Sall. Cat. 31, 
med., dissimulandi causa aut sui expur- 
gandi, either in order to m. his designs 


or in order to clear himself. See also 
TO DISGUISE. 
masked (part. adj.): personatus 


(lit.): Cic. de Or. 3, 69,221: Sen. Phr.: 
a m. battery, perh. tormenta caeca: cf. 
Caes. B. C. 1, 28, caecum vallum. 
mason: |. A butlder : yb 
structor: there were a great many ™.s 
at work, res agebatur multis s., Cic. 
Q. Fr. 2, 6, init.: Edict. in Cod. Just. 
16, 64 (structores, id est aedificatores) : 
Isid. 2. faber: Isid. 19, 8 (but the 
term includes carpenters, smiths, etc.). 
3. caementarius (late): Isid. 1. c.: 
Hier. 4, machio, Onis (whence Eng. 
mason: late): Isid.l.c. |], A member 
of the order of free-masons : *latomus 
(Kr.). 


masonry: structtira (caementicia): 
Vitr. 2,4. Phr.: buildings of solid m., 
*aedificia solido saxo compacta. 

masoretic : masoréticus: theol. ¢. ¢. 

masquerade: *turba personata ; sal- 
tatio personata; convivium personato- 
rum. 

masquerader: homo personatus: v. 
MASKED. 

mass (subs.) : |. A religious ser- 
vice: *missa: m. for the dead, m. de- 
functorum, Append. Imit. Chr.: Eccl. 
|]. 4 vast bulk: 1, moles, is, 7. : mind 
moves the (vast) m. mens agitat m., 
Virg. Aen. 6,127: a@ shapeless m., rudis 
indigestaque m., Ov. M. 1, 7. Some- 
times corpus (with epith. magnum, im- 
mensum) may serve: cf. Virg. Aen. l. c.; 
and Tac. Hist. 1, 16, init., immensum 
imperii corpus. 2, magna s. immensa 
copia; magna vis; ingens pondus: v. 
QUANTITY, WEIGHT. [|], A great num- 
ber of people: multitudo, ingens turba: 
Vv. MULTITUDE. Phr.: the masses, *in- 
gens illa hominum tenuiorum turba s, 
multitudo. IV. A whole taken to- 
gether: Phr.: im the m., per saturam : 
v. LUMP (11.). 

mass (v.): Vv. TO COLLECT. 

mass-book: Vv. MISSAL. 

massacre (subs.): 1, caedes, is, 
F. (any murder or slaughter): the m. of 
such of us as remained behind, nostra c. 
qui remansissemus, Cic. Cat. I, 3,7: @ 
wholesale m., infinita c., ib. 3, 10, extr. : 
Vv. SLAUGHTER. 2. tricidatio (act of 
massacreing): no longer a battle, but a 
m., inde non jam pugna, sed tr. [velut 
pecorum], Liv. 28, 16, med.: cf. Cic. Ph. 
4, 5, 11, cruor, caedes, ante oculos tr. ci- 
vium : the September m.s, *trucidationes 
illae Septembres, quae dicuntur. 3: 
internécio, Onis, f. (utter destruction, 
extermination): cf. Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25, 
quae dissensiones....non reconciliatione 
concordiae sed internecione civium diju- 
dicatae sunt: v. EXTERMINATION. Phr.: 
the m. of St. Bartholomew’s day, *nup- 
tiae istae (illae?) cruentae, exitiales 
Parisienses (Kr.): or, *caedes illa St. 
Bartholomaei festi quae dicitur: after 











soldiers, trucidatis tot millibus iner 
mium militum, Tac. H. 1, 6: so, Cic 
Cat. 3, 10, 24, clarissimis viris inter- 
fectis (referring to the wholesale car- 
nage of Cinna and Marius): v. 10 
SLAY, BUTCHER. 

massacre (v.): 1, tricido, 1 (te 
slay brutally one or more): Cic.: Tac. 
cf. preced. art., extr. 2. intérimo, 
emi, emptum, 3: v. TO CUT OFF, DE 
sTROY. See also TO SLAY. 

masse: Phr.: the Agrigentines, en 
masse, universa Agrigentinorum multi- 
tudo, Cic. (Vv. WHOLE): @ levy en masse 
being instituted, omnibus qui belio apti 
erant in unum coactis, Liv. (Quich.) : 
a proscription not of individuals, but en 
masse, had been arranged, non numina- 
tim sed generatim (i. e. including whole 
classes of persons) proscriptio erat infor- 
mata, Cic. Att. 11, 6, ad init. (Quich.) 

massiness ¢ expr. by adj.: v. mas- 

massiveness (S!VE, Massy. 

massive: solidus: v. soni. See 
also HEAVY, WEIGHTY. 

mast: |. Gf a ship: malus, i, m.: 
Cic.: Hor. (arbor mali, Virg. Aen. 5, 
504: also simply arbor, Lucan, 9, 322: 
poet.). Il. “’roduce of certain trees : 
glans, ndis, 7. : m. of the beech, oalc, etc. 
gl. fagea, querna, iligna, eic., Plin. 16, 5, 
6: Cic.: Virg. 

mast-head: *summus malus: v. 
TOP. 


master (subs.): |. One having 
power: 1, déminus (master of a house 
or servants): the m. of the house and al 
his slaves, ipse d. atque omnis familia, 
Ter. Ad. 1,2,9: m. of one’s own affairs, 
d. rerum suarum, Cic. ‘T'use. 3, 5,11. In 
wider sense, one exercising imperial 
power: the Romans m.s of the world, 
Romanos dominos rerum, Virg.: Cic.: 
Vv. LORD. 2. hérus (with tal re- 
Serence to the slaves belonging to him): 
cf. Cic. Off. 2, 7, 24, ut heris in famulos: 
Ter. pass. Belonging to the m., hérilis, 
e: Ter. 3. paterfamilias (master of 
the entire household) : v. HOUSEHOLDER. 
4, potens, ntis (strictly an adj., 
having power over; with gen.: esp. 
poet.) : m. of the seasons, tempestatum 
p., Virg. G. 1, 27: being m.s of their 
own movements and of the city, potentes 
rerum suarum atque urbis, Liv. 23, 16, 
med. Phr.: (a). to be m. of, i.e. pos- 
sess dominion over: (1). déminor, 1: to 
be m. of the lives and properties of men, 
d. in capite fortunisque hominum, Cic. 
Quint. 30, 94: also foll. by inter (Caes. 
b. G. 2, 31); in and acc.: v. TO LORD. 
(2). obtineo, ui, tentum, 2: v. TO Pos- 
SEss. (b). to become m. of, potior, 4 
(foll. by abl. or gen.): to become ms of 
all Gaul, totius Galliae imperio p., Caes. 
B. G. 1,2: to become m. of the city (of 
Rome), urbis p., Sall. Cat. 47: to 
m. of the state, serum (not rebus) p., 
Nep. Att. 9, fin.: Cie. See also To 
RULE, GOVERN. Il. Fig.: exercising 
control over oneself or one’s passions : 
1, potens, ntis (with gen.) : so long 
as Iam my own m., dum mei p. sum, 
Liv. 26, 13, ad jin.: m. of one’s senses, 
mentis p., Ov. Tr. 2,139. 2, compos, 
btis (im possession of): Tam hardly my 
own m. (almost beside myself), vix sum 
compos animi, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 12. Not 
m. of, not able to control oneself, impo- 
tens: v. UNGOVERNABLE. I]. dan- 
ager, superintendent: magister, tri: m. 
of a company or union, societatis m., Cic 
Verr. 2, 2, 74,182: m. of the feast, convi- 
vii m., Varr. L. L. 5, 26, 122 (also arbiter 
bibendi, Hor.). Mf. of ceremonies, de- 
signator: v. USHER. IV. (fa school: 
migister: v. TEACHER, SCHOOLMASTER, 
Or expr. by déceo: who was your m. in 
music, quis te musicam docuit? v. TO 
TEACH. V. One perfectly skilled in 
anything : 1, antistes, itis; also an- 
tista, ae: a m.in the art of speaking, 
artis dicendi a., Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 202: 
Quint. 2. expr. by perfectus, péritus, 
etc.: a perfect m. of geometry, (homo) 
in geometria perfectus, Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 20: 
m. of an art, pertectus in arte aliqua, 


MASTER 








Ov. A. A. 2, 547: m. of the art of war, 
rei militaris s. belli peritus (peritissimus, 
perfectly so): Cic.: V¥. SKILLED, ACCOM- 
PLISHED. Phr.: a m. of the art of 
composition, politus scriptor atque arti- 
fex, Cic. Or. 51,172. |. The producer 
of a work of art: use pictor, sculptor : 
the old m.s, *veteres illi [nobilesque ] pic- 
tores (veteres pictores, simply old paint- 
ers, good or bad). <A statue by an un- 
known m., *statua auctoris incerti (R. 
and A.). YJ]. Literary title: magister: 
Stat. Acad. 
master (v.): |, To subdue: domo, 
supéro, eic.: v. TO SUBDUE, SURPASS. 
I]. To attain to thorough familiarity 
with a subject : 1, compréhendo, di, 
sum, 3: esp. with some defining word: 
€. g. scientia et cogitatione compr., Cic. 
de Or. 1, 3, 10: V.TO COMPREHEND. Q, 
conséquor, ciitus, 3: Cic. |. c. (nemo 
fere studuisse ei scientiae vehementius 
videtur, quin quod voluerit consecutus 
sit, i.e. he has m.’d it to the extent he 


wished). 3, perdisco, 3: v. TO LEARN. 
master-builder: architectus: v. 
ARCHITECT. 


masterful: perh. férox, impéridsus: 
V. OVERBEARING. 

master-hand: perh. artifex: cf. 
MASTER (V.). 

masterly : artificidsus (accomplished 
inart): cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 35, fin., (rhetores) 
elegantissimi atque artificiosissimi. In 
sim. sense, Cic. has artifex (ud ita dicam) 
stilus, Br. 25, 96: Plin. Or perb. palma- 
ris (worthy of the palm), Cic. Ph. 5, 5, 
15 (ironical). Phr.: a m. work, *opus 
summo artificio confectum ; (res) singu- 
lari opere artificioque perfecta. 

master-piece: perb. opus palmare : 
ef. Cic. Ph. 5, 5, 15, statua palmaris: 
also er. Eun. 5, 4, 8, where palmarium 
(sc. artificium)—quod palmam fert. Kr. 
gives opus artis (?) absolutum, per- 
tectum; opus singulari opere artificio- 
que; but these are inadequate. Phr.: 
this is considered by many a perfect m., 
hoc opere nullum absolutius plerique 
Judicant, Plin. 34, 8, 19 § 55: this statue 
ts his m., *bac statua nihil fecit perfec- 
tius; praecipuae haec laudis ei statua 
est. 

mastership: i.e. office of master: 
magistérium : m. of the horse, m. equi- 
tum, Suet. Tib. 3: Cic. Sen. 14, 46 (de 
magistris bibendi): Pl. Bac. 1, 2, 40 
(= tutorship, oversight). 

master-stroke: *artificium singu- 
lare; consilium palmare (palmarium) : 
V. MASTER-PIECE. 

mastery: victoria: v. victory. 
Having the m. of, potens: v. MASTER 
(IL). See also conTROL, GOVERNMENT. 

masticate: mando, mandiico: v. To 
CHEW. More precisely, (dentibus) cibum 
extenuare et molere, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 
134: also appy. conficere, ib. (dentes 
acuti [i. e. the front teeth] morsn divi- 
dunt escas; intimi autem conficiunt, 
qui genuini [the grinders) vocantur). 

mastication: (cibi) con“°ctio: Cic. 
N. D. 2, 54, 134: ef. preced. art. 

mastiff: perh. Mélossus canis: cf. 
Hor. Epod. 6, 5. (*Canis mastivus.) 

mat (subs.): 1, téges, étis, f. (made 
of rushes, palm leaves, etc.): Varr. R. R. 
I, 22, imit.: to shade vines with palm 
m.s (matting), vineas palmeis t. adum- 
brare, Col. 5,5, ad fin.: Mart. Dimin. 
tegeticula: Varr.: Mart. 2. storea 
or storia: to make m.s of ropes (for 
sheltering works,), storeas ex tunibus 
facere, Caes. B C. 2,9 med.: Liv. (From 
the use to which the above were ap- 
plied, storea would seem to have denoted 
a stronger and more durable kind of 
matting than teges.) 3. psiathium : 
Hier. (de tenui culcita monachorum). 

4, matta: Ov. F. 6, 680 (al. lata, 

Merkel.). 

mat together: implico, implecto: 
V.TO ENTWINE As perf. part. concré- 
tus: hair m.’d together with blood, con- 
creti sanguine crines, Virg. Aen. 2, 277. 

matador: *mactator qui dicitur. 

match (subs.): |. qual in con- 
test: par, paris. adj: not even the gods 


MATRICIDE 


were a m. for them, quibus ne dii qui- 
dem immortales p. esse possint, Caes. 
B. G. 4,7: Hor. So, no m. for, impar: 
Virg. Aen. I, 475- |]. A contest : 
certamen: v. CONTEST. Ul. A mar- 
riage alliance : 
am. for one’s daughter, c. filiae quae- 
rere, Liv. 3, 45, extr.: he could make 
sure of any m. he chose, nullius c. non 
habebat potestatem, Nep. Att. 12, init. 
2. nuptiae, arum: a m.-maker, 

nuptiarum conciliator, Nep. |. c.: tw 
force any one into a m., in n, conjicere 
aliquem, Ter. Andr. 3, 4, 23: Vv. MAR- 
RIAGE. IV. For kindling: sulphira- 
tum; found only in pl., Mart. 1, 41, 4. 
A lighted m., perh. fax, iguicilus; stuppa 
ardens: v. FIREBRAND. 

match (v.): aequo, adaequo, exaequo, 
I: V¥. TO EQUAL. Phr.: to match, con- 
sim\lis (exactly resembling): Pl.: Cic. 

matchless: incomparabilis, e (rare): 
V. INCOMPARABLE. 

match-maker:; conciliator (/. -trix) 
nuptiarum: Nep. Att. 12. (Conciliatrix 
occurs in bad sense, Pl. Mil. 5,17: v. Go- 
BETWEEN.) Pronuba, epith. of Juno, 
goddess of marriage: Virg.: Ov. 

mate (subs.): |, Comrade: socius, 
etc.: V.COMPANION. |], Male or female 
of paired animals: conjux, iigis, c.: 
Plin. 10, 59, 79 § 161. {I}. In chess: 
Vv. CHECK-MATE. 

mate (v.): conjungor, 3; v. TO PAIR, 
JOIN. 

material (swbs.): |, The substance 
out of which something is made: ma- 
téria or matéries, éi : Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 92: 
Vitr.: Ov. (N.B.—Esp. used of wood 
Jor building: v. TIMBER.) Phr.: writ- 
ing m.s, instrumentum scriptorium (v. 
IMPLEMENT): building m.s, *omnia quae 
sunt utilia ad aedificandum; saxa et 
caementa ceteraque ad aedificia (cf. Vitr. 
2, 7, init.): also, copiae quae aptae sunt 
aedificiorum perfectionibus (a more ela- 
borate phr.), id. 2, 1,9: suitable m.s for 
building, aptae ad aedificia copiae, cf. id. 
2, 2, extr.: old ms used up again, redi- 
vivus lapis, redivivum rudus, etc.: Vitr.: 
mayest = 1Gics I]. Fig.: matter to be 
worked up by an author: silva (Gk. vAn), 
matéria, -es: v. MATTER (LI.). 

material (adj.): |. Composed of 
matter : ]. corporeus: Lucr. 1, 303: 
Cic. 2. expr. by corpus: e.g. cor- 
poris naturam habens; corporis natura 
praeditus: cf. IMMATERIAL. I]. Zm- 
portant: q. Vv. 

materialism: *opinios. ratio eorum 
qui omnia corporea natura constare sta- 
tuunt. (Not muterialismus.) 

materialist: *qui omnia corporis 
naturam habere contendit; qui negat 
quicquam in rerum natura praeter cor- 
pora exstare. (Not materialista, Kr.) 

materially : multum: v. mucr 
adv.). 


materials (subs.): Phr.: apparatus 
rerum ad bellum, Caes. B. C. 2, 2, init. ; 
belli instrumentum et apparatus, Cic. 
I NSS Ret 

maternal: maternus: Cic.: Virg. 
MM, uncle, avunculus : Cic.: Vv. UNCLE. 

maternity : expr. by mater, matres - 
Vv. MOTHER. Festival of m., matralia, 
ium, and iorum: Ov. F. 6, 533. 

mathematical: miathématicus : 
Vitr.: Plin. Yo prove with m. certainty, 
necessaria mathematicorum ratione con- 
cludere, Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 9: also, simply, 
necessarie (necessario) demonstrare, id. 
Inv. 1, 29, 44. 

mathematically : more mathema- 
ticorum ; v. preced. art. 

mathematician : 
Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 9: Sen. 
astrologer. 

mathematics: mathémitica, ae (sc. 
ars): Sen. Ep. 88, 23. See also GEO- 
METRY. 

matin (a4j.): matitinus: v. MORN- 
ING (adj.). 

matins: *preces matutinae. 

matricidal: expr. by matricidium, 
matrem necare: Vv. foll. art. 

matricide: |. The crime: 1, 
matricidium: Cic. Inv. 1, 13, 18. ay 

7H 


mathématicua - 
Also freq. an 


1, conditio: to seek | 


| 


| 








MATTRESS 





parricidium matris. Suet. Ner. 34, sis. 
(Or expr. by verb: to be guilty of m., 
matrem necare s. occidere : Cic. Inv. 1. c.) 
|]. Lhe perpetrator: matricida, ae, 

c.: Cic.: Suet. 

matriculate: *matriciilor, 1: Stat, 
Acad. Cant. p. 42. 

matriculation : 
Stat. Acad. Cant. p. 42. 

matrimonial: : conjugium s. ma- 
trimonium pertinens: V. MAKRIAGE. A 
m, alliance, couditiv, nuptiae: v. MaTCH 


* matricilatio . 


(IL). (N.B.— Not matrimonialis.) 
matrimony: matrimdnium: vy, 
MARRIAGE. 
matron: 1, matrona: Cic.: Liv, 


(The word usu. implies dignity, moral 
or social.) Of or relating to m.s, ma- 
tronalis,e: the duties of m.s are mostly 
confined to the house. fere domesticus 
labor matronalis est, Col. 12, pref. med.: 
Vv. MATRONLY. 2. meton. stdla (the 
dress of matrons): Stat. S. 1, 2, 235. 
Hence, stolatae =matronae, Petr. 44, 
Jin. 
matronly: 1, matronalis, e: m. 
dignity, m. gravitas, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 2: 
Liv.: the m. garb, m. habitus (= stola), 
Ulp. Dig. Y, stélatus (poet.): m. 
modesty, s. pudor, Mart. 1, 35, 9. 
matter (subs.): |. Material sub- 
stance: corpus, Oris, m.: Lucr. pass. : 
Cic.: cf. MATERIAL, adj. (1.). J. Sub- 
ject treated by an author or speaxer : 
1, matéria or -es, Gi: truth is the 
subject m. of philosophy, sapientiae quasi 
materia [quam tractet et in qua versetur} 


| subjecta est veritas, Cic. Off. 1, 5, 15: 


m. for joking, materies ridiculorum, m. 
ad jocandum, id. de Or. 2, 59, 238: also 
absol., my m. (for writing about) in- 
creases, crescit mihi materies, id. Att. 2, 
12, med. 2. silva (in philos. sense = 
Gk. vAn): subject m. for speaking, s. 
dicendi, Cic. Or. 3, 12: cf. id. de Or. 3, 
26, 102, silva rerum et sententiarum, 
i. e., the subject m. consisting of facts 
and sentiments to be illustrated by the 
orator. 3, argumentum (in less pre- 
cise sense: something to speak or write 
about): to furnish m. for a letter, dare 
a. epistolae, Cic. Att. 10, 13, med.: 
Quint. 5, 10, 9 (= omnis ad scribendum 
destinata materies). Il] Affair: res, 
réi, f.: Cic.: Caes. (pass.); v. THING. 

IV. Concern, trouble: Phr. 
is the m. with you? quid tristis es? 
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 23 or more generally, 
quid est? ib. 3, 2, 25; et pass.: also, 
quid tibi est, id. Heaut. 2, 4, 24: cf. id. 
Ad. 5,5, 2, quid fit? quid agitur? he Aas 
something the m. with him, *nonnihil 
incommodi habet. V. Importance, 
consequence: usu, expr. by rétert, in- 
térest: v.foll.art. Yj. Pus: 1, pus, 
puris, n.: described by Cels. as, crassis- 
simum, albidissimum (thick and pale- 
coloured), Med. 5, 6, 20. 9. sanies, é, 


(thinnish and bloody): Cels. 1c. Full 
of m., purulentus Cato: Plin. 
matter (v.): usu. as v. impers.: 


1, refert, tulit, 3, impers. : the person 
concerned expr. by prons. me&, tua. sua, 
nostra, etc.; the degree, by multum, 
baud multum, magnopere, quid, nibil; 
also, tanti, quanti, magni, parvi, etc. - 
what does that m. to me, quid id refert 
mea? Pi. Cure. 3, 25: it ms little that 
...., parvi refert (with inf.), Cic. Q Fr. 
x, 1,7: cf. L.G. $283. (N.B.—The gen. 
of person concerned is rare with refert.) 

9. intérest, fuit, irr. (usu. denoting 
a higher degree of concern than refert; 
also often taking gen. of person to whom: 
in other respects constr. like that of 
preced.): what m.s it tohim where you 
are, quid illius i. ubi sis? Cic. Att. Io, 4, 
ad fin.: Cic.: Liv. 

matting (subs.): tégétes, storea (used 
as collect. subs. Liv. 30, 3, fin.): V. MAT 

mattock; dolabra used for mining- 
work, Liv. 21, 11,med. (Ligo isa digging 
Fork or spade.) 

mattress: 1. culcita (bed or m.): 
cf. Sen. Ep. 108, 23, laudare solebat cul- 
citam: quae resisteret corport (= a hard 
bed or mattress): V. BED. 2. gra- 
batus (any mean bed): Mart. be 39, 4 

495 


MATURE 


MEAL 








3. psiathium (a kind of mat or 

mattress used by monks): Hier. 
Mature (adj.): matirus (rare in 
exactly the sense of Eng.): m. in mind 
(judgment), m. animi, Virg. Aen. 9, 246. 
(Oltener = ready, quick, prompt.) Phr.. 
m. years, adulta aelas (v. ADULT): pos- 
sessing @ m. juwigment, *judicii cousi- 
derati ac bene sani; or simply, con- 
sideratus, consideratissimus (Vv. CONsI 
DERATE, SAGACIOUS): see also RIPE (fig.). 
mature (v.): |. Lit.: maturo, 
céquo, percdquo: v. TO RIPEN. ll 
Fig.: to prepare thoroughly: Puhr. 
to m, one’s plans, consilia sua expedire, 
Tac. H 3,735 *rationes suas expedire; 
omnia rite parare (v. TO PREPARE): Ml 
planus are already m.d, jam instrucia 
sunt mihi in corde consilia omnia, ler. 
Ph. 2, 2,7. (Maturo is to hasten any- 
thing on lose no time: cf. Sall. Cat. 32, 

insidias consuli maturare.) 

maturely: i.e. with full considera- 
tion: perh. considéraré: Cic. Phr.: 
having m. considered the matter, he... 
*quum rem penitus perspectam ha- 
1, matiiritas: Cic.: 


beret.... 
matureness t J 
maturity Caes.: fig., precocieus 
maturity (of mind), festinata m., Quint. 
6, pref. § to: m. of years for anything, 
m. aetatis ad..., Cic. Fam. 4, 4, ad jin. 
Q, adulta aetas = years of maturity: 

Vv. ADULT. Phr.; even as a young man 
he displayed great m. of judgment, 
fenituit in eo adhuc juvene ingenium 
providum atque eonsideratum ; juvenis 
adhuc virili consilio egit, cf. Cic. Att. 
14, 21 (acta res est animo virili, consilio 


puerili). 

matutinal: matitinus: v. morniNe 
(adj.). : 

maudlin: |. Imtoxicated: ébrius, 


témilentus, matus (Petr. 41, ext7., plane 
matus sum, vinum mihi in cerebrum 
abiit). I]. Weak, silly, after the 
fashion of persons in liquor: m. tears, 
*lacrimae, quales vino madentium sunt. 

maugre: expr. by invitus: v. SPITE 
OF (IN). 

maul: mulco, 1: 
HANDLE ( fin.). 

maunder: |, Zocomplain: musso, 
mussito, 1: v. TO MURMUR. I]. 70 talk 
on idly without a purpose : perh. nigor, 
t: cf. Cie. Div. 2, 13, iit., inscite nugari. 
Sometimes vagor, 1, may serve: cf. id. 
de Or. 1, 48, 209, ne vagari et errare 
cogatur oratio. 

mausoleum: mausoléum : 
Aug. 100, fin.: Mart.: Flor. 

maw: ingilivies, Gi: Virg. G. 3, 431: 
Col. See also STOMACH. 

mawkish: perh. piitidus (offensive 
to a proper taste): cf. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

mawkishly; perb. pwiidé: v. pre- 
ced. art. 

mawkishness: expr. by pitidus: 
there is am. about these appeals, *inest 
putidi nonnibil in his obsecrationibus : 
beware of m. *cave ne dum animos 
movere coneris, mllis enervatusque esse 
videaris. 
p maxillary : maxillaris, e: Cels.: 

lin. 


Vv. TO BELABOUR, 


Suet. 


maxim: |. A received truth : 
*axioma, atis, n. (without ancient au- 
thority, but used by modern writers as 
phil. ¢. ¢.). Vv. AXIOM. |]. In gen. sense, 
a rule, precept : 1, praeceptum, in- 
stititum: esp. in pl.: the ms of philo- 
sophy, praecepta institutaque philoso- 
phiae, Cic. Off. init. 2, sententia 
(oft. used to denote a short pithy sen- 
tence culled from an author): cf. Cic. 
N. D. 1, 30, extr., selectae brevesque 
sententiae, quas appellatis kuptas doéas: 
cf. Quint. 8, 5. 3, sententiae, quas Graeci 
yveuas (maxim, apophthegm) appellant. 

3. an oft-repeated m., cantiléna, 

Cic, Att. 1, 19,6 (u er bro mihi vafer ille 
Siculus insusurret cuntilenam suam): cf. 
id. de Or. 1, 23, 105, ex scholis cantilena, 
threa \-bare m.s from the schools. 

maximum: *quod maximum est. 

May: (mensis) Maius: Cic. he 1st 
of M., Kalendae Maiae, Cie. 

May (v.): |. Denuting lawfulness, 

4606 


permission: licet, 2, impers. (with dat. 
o! Eng. subject): if you think men may 
do just what they can do, si bominibus 
tantum licere judicas quantum possunt, 
Cic. Ph. 13, 7, 15: Cato might certainly 
have enjoyed himself at Tusculum, Ca- 
toni certe licuit Tusculi se delectare, id. 
Rep.1,1: absol., mistress, may I (speak) ? 
hera, licetne? Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 20. 
(N.B.—Might have is expr. by perf. of 
licet, the following inf. standing in the 
pres. or imperf. tense: V. exx. supr.) 

|]. Denoting opportunity or ability : 

1. possum, ‘77: it may be that | am 
mista'e, fieri potest ut fallar, Cic. Fam. 
13,73. V.ABLE(TOBE). Q est, impers. 
(usn. foll, by inf.): one may reach a 
certain point, est quadam prodire tenus, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 32: whicn one m. not say 
in verse, Qtiod versu dicere non est, id. 
S. 1, 5. 87: as might be inferred, ut 
conjectare erat, lac, A. 16, 34: Liv. 

3. expr. by swbj.: this being always 
the case after such conjunctions as ut, 
ne, eic.: the perf. subj. is used absol. to 
denote that a thing may le expected to 
happen: perhaps some one may say, 
fortasse quispiam dixerit, Cic. Sen. 3, 8. 

may-be: Vv. PERHAPS. 

May-bug: *scarabaeus melolontha 
(Linn.). 

May-day: Kalendae Maiae: or perh. 
Floralia, inm and iorum, n. pl. (a fes- 
tival of Flora celebrated at the end of 
April): Plin.: Macr.: more precisely, 
*Floralia quae apud nostrates aguntur. 

May-pole: *festa arbor (RK. and A.). 

May-queen: *regina floralis (?). 

mayor: best word perh. praefectus 
(with gen. or dat.): cf. Suet. Aug. 33: 
praefectus urbis (a magistrate acting as 
deputy governor of the city): Gell. 14, 7 
(pr. urbi). 

mayoralty: praefectiira: correl. to 
praefectus : v. MAYOR. 

maze (suvbs.): labyrinthus; ambages 
itinerum: v. LABYRINTH. 

maze (v.): perturbo, 1; v. TO DIs- 
TURB, CONFUSE. 

mazy: inextricabilis, e: 
RINTHINE. 





Vv. LABY- 


mead: |. A meadow: q. v. Il. 
A kind of drink: mulsum: PI. Pers. 1, 
Pe eyiza cles 

meadow: pratum: a wet or diy m., 
p. irriguum, siccum, Cato, R. R. 8; p. 
riguum, siccaneum, Col. 2,17: Cic.: Plin. 
Of meadows, meadow-, pratensis, €: e. g. 
m. mushrooms, fungi pratenses, Hor. 

meadow-land: pratum: Col. 


9, 29. (Spiraea ulmaria, Linn.) 
meagre: |. Poor; esp. of soil: 
1, macer, cra, crum: Varr.: Col. 
Join: (solum) exile et macrum, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 25,67: v. LEAN. 2, exilis, e 
(thin, spave): a soil at once unhealthy 
and m., pestilens simul et ex. ager. Col. 
1, 4, ad init.: cf. supr. 8. jéjiinus 
(rare in this sense): Join: miser atque 
_jejunus ager, Cic. Verr. 3, 37, 84 v. inf?. 
Il. Wanting in fulmess and richness 
of expression : 1, jejinus (lit. fast- 
ing): opp. to plenus, Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 
16: Quint. 2, exilis: Join: (genus 
sermonis) exile, aridum, concisum atque 
minutum, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159. 3 
aridus: v. Dry (IV.). II]. Ncanty 
insufficient : exiguus, admodum parvus : 
v. SMALL, SCANTY. 
meagrely : in ig.sense (v. MEAGRE, 
Il.) : jéjane, exiliier Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 
50. See also INSUFFICIENTLY. 
meagreness: |. Of soil: exilitas 
(soli): Col. 8, 16, med.: Plin Il. Of 
diction : 1, exilitas: opp. to ubertas 
in dicendo et « opia, Cic. de Or. 1, 12, ivit. 
9. jejinitas: Cic : v. JEJUNENESS, 
II]. Jnadequate supply: *exigua copia; 
haud satis: v SUPPLY. 
meal: |. /lour: farina: v. FLOUR. 
Belonging tom., meal, farinarius: e. g. 
farinarium cribrum, a@ m.-sieve: Caio: 





Plin. Also, pollinarius (strictly, for 
fine m.): PL: Plin. Il. A repast : 
1, cibus: after his mid-day m., 


post c. meridianum, Suet. Aug. 785 the 
\Kegea is an evening m., coena est ves- 


meadow-sweet: spiraea: Plin. 21, | port 


MEANING 








pertinus c., sid. Or. 20, 2, 14 Oy 
éptlae, arum (strictly a sumptuous m.): 
@ simple m., e. simplices, lid. Or. 2, 20; 
5. Fig.: a m. for moths and worms, 
blattarum ac tinearum e., Hor. S. 2, 3; 
11g. Special terms: morning m., jenta- 
culum (Vv. BRFAKFAST); prandium (v. 
LUNCHEON): principal m., corna (v. 
DINNER, SUPPER). 0 tuke a slight m., 
gustare, Cic. Mur. 35, 74: Plin. min. 
meal-time; *cibi hora. 
mealiness: expr by adj.: v. foll. art. 
mealy: 1, farindsus: a m. mess, 
f. congeries, Veg. Vet. 2, 30, med. py 
farintlentus: Apul. (Hoth rare: usu. 
better, farinae s. pollinis naturam ha- 
bens: v MEAL, FLOUR.) 
mealy-mouthed: perh. blandi- 
ldquus (smooth-spoken): Pl. Bac. §, 2, 57. 
mean (subs.) : |. Zhat which lies 
between two upposites: 1, modus (the 
proper measure or limit): there is am. 
in all things, est m. in rebus, Hor. S. 1, £, 
106 (see the place): v. MEASURE, LIMIT. 
2, médivucritas: to observe the m. 
(in action), m. tenere [quae est inter 
nimium et parum], Cic. Off. 1, 25, fin. : 
the golien m. (of poverty and riches), 
aurea m., Hor. Od. 2, 10, 5. Phr.: to 
observe the m., temperamentum tenere, 
Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3 (temp. implies a blend- 
ing of two things ; mediveritas, a steer= 
ing between them). For medius (not 
medium as subs.), v. INTERMEDIATE. 
Il, Usu. pl., that which conduces to 


an end: V. MEANS, 
mean (adj.): |. Middle: médius : 
In the m. time, in- 


V. INTERMEDIATE. 

terim, interea: v. MEANWHILE. ll. 
Low in rank or birth: 1, hiumilis: v. 
HUMBLE (I.), Low (VL). 2. sordidus 
(stronger than humilis, and implying 
actual degradation: cf. Liv. 22, 25, 
extr., loco non humili solum, sed etiam 





sordido ortus): the very mest le, 
sordidissimus quisque, id. 1, 47: Cic. 
| Ill. Grovelling, miserly: 1, sor- 


didus: Hor.;: Quint.: v. NIGGARDLY. 
2, illibéralis (unworthy of a free- 

man, Or, a8 we say, of a gentleman): 
Cic.: Vv. UNHANDSOME. IV. Slight, 
contemptible : médiocris, e: esp. with a 
negative: 2o m. men, non mediocres 
viri, Cic. Rep. 3, 11: no m, insti ument, 
(non) m, telum [ad res gerendas], id. 
Am. 17, 61. See also CONTEMPTIBLE, 
INSIGNIFICANT, 

mean (v.): |. To have in the mind. 
purpose: expr. by in animo est (mihi), 
cOgito, etc.; V-TO INTEND. |], To im- 
Rs 1, volo, ir7. (with dat. of pron. 
refl.): tounderstand what the words (of 
a law) m., intelligere quid sibi verba 
velint, Cic. Leg. 3, 14, ext: uhat does 
my father m.? quid sibi vult pater? 
Ter. Andr. 2, 3,1. (Volo implies more 
than mere verbal sense ; indicating drift, 
intent, scope.) 2, signilico, 1: v. To 
SIGNIFY. 8, vileo, 2 (lo huve acertain 
Jorce): they do not see whut this word 
m.s, hoc verbum quid valeat, non vident, 
Cic. Off. 3, 9, 39. Ill. 70 comprehend 
underaterm: 1, intelligo,exi,ectum, 
3: whom do we m. by a rich man, quem 
intelligimus divitem? Cic. Par. 6, 1, 42. 

2. dico, xi, ctum, 3 (after something 

has been mentioned): 0/ course you m, 
Plato, Platonem videlicet dicis, Cic. Leg. 
3, init.: cf. paulo infr. § 3, qued quum 
dico, legem a me dici, nihilque aliud in- 
telligi volo. 
svirited: humili abjectoque 
animo: cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 20, fin., nil hu- 
mile, nil abjectum cogitare, 

meander (v.): Phr.: the river ms 
along, *labitur sinuoso cursu (flexu) 
amnis: v. TO WIND (intr.). (Cic. has 
maeandros quaerere, in Pis. 22, fin. = 
TO DOUBLE: but the expr. is not suitable 
to use of a river.) 

meandering (adj.): sinudsus, flexu- 
Osus: V. WINDING (adj.). 

meandering (subs.): flexus, is (any 
bend or tun): cf. Plin. 5, 29, 31, ita 
sinuosus flexibus [fuvius Maeandros). 
Also maeandros, i, m. (not in exactly the 
same sense as Eng.): v. WINDING (subs.). 

meaning (subs.): |. Signification: 








MEANINGLESS 





1, significatio: m. of a word, s. 
verbi, Varr. L. L. g, 29, 40: to use the 
same word with a different m., easdem 
voces diversa s. ponere, Quint. 9, 3, 69: 
Cic. = Q, vis, vim, vi, f. (force, import) : 
the m., nature, and different kinds of 
words, vis, natura, genera verborum, 
Cic. Or. 32, 115. what is the (real) m. 
of these few words, quae vis insit in his 
paucis verbis, id. Fam. 6, 2 (where signi- 
ficatio could not be used): Quint. 3. 
sententia (general sense): it has this m., 
in my opinion, id habet hance, ut opinor, 
s., Cic. Off. 3, 3,13: inthe very ideao/ law, 
there lies the m...... , in tpso nomine 
legis inesse vim et sententiam... ., id. 
Leg. 2, 5, 11. 4, pOtestas (rare): the | 
various ms of words, verborum multi- | 
plices p., Auct. Her. 4, 54, init. 5, 
notio: v. NOTION, iDEA (I1L.). 6, very 
oft. expr by significo, vileo, etc.: the | 
m. of the word carere is this, carere hoc | 
significat, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88: to have 
the same m. (of words), idem valere, id. 
Fin. 2, 4, 13: I don’t understand the m. 
of these words, *quid sibi haec verba 
velint, parum intelligo: v. TO MEAN 
(iL). Phr.: the expression fides bona 
has a very wide m., fidei bonae nomen 
latissime manat, Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70. 

I]. Dri/t, scope of a speaker, etc.: 
expr. by specto, volo (with dat. of pron. 
refl.), vileo: what is the m. of all 
this speech, quorsum haec omnis spectat 
oratio? Cic. Ph. 7, 9, init.: this had a 
very different m. from what they wished 
to appear, hoc longe alio spectabat atque 
videri volebant, Nep. Them. 6: what is 
your m. (or aim), quid sibi vis? (v. TO 
MEAN, II.): cf. Nep. Them. 3, id re- 
sponsum quo valeret quum intelligeret 
nemo (what was its m.; what it pointed | 
to): see also prev (LII.). WW. 22- | 
pression : q. Vv. 

Meaningless: absurdus: v. UN- | 
MEANING. 

meanly: |. In a low condition : 
sordide et abjecte: Tac. Dial. 8. Phr.: 
m. born, obscuro loco natus, Cic.: v. 
HUMBLE (I.). Il. Poorly, without ho- 
nour: sordidé (usu. implying stinginess 
as well as poormiess) : v.infr. Phr.: 
m. clad, sordidatus, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 56: 
Cic.; also, obsoleta veste, Liv. 27, 34: 
ef. obsoletiore vestitu, Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 13: 
to be m. entertained, *admodum tenui 
hospitio exeipi: to be m. lodged, *coena- 
culo s. gurgustio habitare (Vv, GARRET, 
HOVEL). |||, Jn a niggardly manner : 

1, sordidé: Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 352: 
Suet. Q, illibéraliter (unhandsomely) : 
Cic. Att. 4, 2, med. 

meanness: |. Of birth, etc.: 

1, sordes, ium, f.: from extreme 
m. of rank, ex summis et fortunae et 
vitae sordibus, Cic. Br. 62,224. Join: 
obscuritas et s., id. Vat. 5, II. OH 
hiimilitas, obsciiritas (less strong): v. 
HUMBLENESS (1.). 3, expr. by sor- 
didus, sordide: the greater the m. of 
their extraction, quo sordidius [et ab- 
jectius] nati sunt, Tac. Dial. 8: quo 
sordidiore loco nati sunt: v. MEAN, adj. 
(LL.), MEANLY (1.). Poorness, as 
proper to those in humble circumstances : 
expr. by adj.: m. of attire, sordida s. 
obsoleta vestis, etc.: v. MEAN, adj. (L1.). 

ll. Niggardliness: 1, sordes, is, 
Fi; esp. pl.: to charge any one with such 
m., tantas s. alicui objicere, Hor. S. 1, 6, 
68: m. and churlishness, sordes (pl.) et 
inbumanitas, Cic. Mur. 36, 76: Cic. has, 
nuilam in re familiari sordem, i. e. no 
act of meanness, Fl. 3.7. Join: sordes 
(sing.) et avaritia, Tac. H. 1, 52. oF 
Avaritia: V. NIGGARDLINESS. 

means: |. Instrument or manner : 
modus: v. MANNER, WAY. Phr.: to 
give any one the m. of arriving at 
a decision, alicui facultatem judicandi 
facere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73, 179 (Vv. OPPOR- 
tTuNITY): they had the m. of living in 
ease and luxury, quibus in otio molliter 
vivere copia erat, Sull. Cat. 17: by this 
m., ita (v. THUS): by no m., haudqua- 
quam (y. foll. art.): by all m., magno | 
opere or Magnopere ; also, Maximo opere — 
or maximupere: cf. Cic. Fam. 3, 2, | 





MEASURE 








MEDDLER 





a te maximopere etiam atque etiam 
quaeso et peto (most particularly; by 
all means): also simply maxime (v. 
ESPECIALLY, 4): and, esp. when a “ bui” 
follows, omnino: cf. Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71, 
danda omnino opera est ut omni generi 
satisfacere possimus: sed si... (i. «. by 
all means let us try to do justice to all ; 
but if...): by fair m., recte, Hor. kp. 
I, 1, 66: by anu m. (right or wrong), 
quocunque modo, ib. ||. Aesources : 
res familiaris; res privata; facultates, 
etc.: Vv. FORTUNE (11L1.). 

means, by no: 1, baudquaquar 
or néquaquam (strong negatives): glory 


| by nu m. equal, haud par gloria, Sal. 


Cat. 3: by no m, comparable, neq. com- 
parandus, Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 26. 2. neu- 
tiquam (= preced.): Cic. Off. 2, 10, 36: 
8, minimé (like preced.; esp. tre- 

quent in dialogue): the air ts by nom. 
void of heat, aer m. est caloris expers, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26: don't you believe 
these stories ?—by no m., an tu haec non 
credis ?—Minime vero, Cic. lusc. 1, 6, 10: 
strengthened by gentium: Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 
44. 4, nullo modo (meaning that 
something cannot be done): Cic. Verr. 
2, 2, 76, nit. : Vv. WAY. 

measles: *morbilli: med. ¢. ¢. 

measurable: *quod metiri possis. 

measure (subs.): |, Standard for 
measuring ; dimension, quantity: 1, 
mensura: Phidon invented ms and 
weights, mensuras et pondera Phidon 
(invenit), Plin. 7, 56, 57 § 198: Nep.: 
to return what you have received in 
larger m., quae acceperis majore m. red- 
dere, Cie, Off. 1, 15, 48. 2, méddus (esp. 
of land): m.s for land, m. quibus meti- 
untur rura, Varr. R. R. 1, 10, imit.: Cie. 
Att. 13, 33 (m. agri): a false m. (mea- 
surement), falsus m., Dig. 11, 6. Dimin. 
modulus (of any small object): to the m. 
of his person, ad corporis sui modulum, 
Suet. Ner. 49: Hor. Il. Proper mea- 
sure: modus : everything has its m., suus 
cuique (rei) m. est, Cic. Or. 22, 73: to ob- 
serve a m.in anything, alicujus rei m. 
habere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59, 144: V. MO- 
DERATION, LIMIT. Il]. Hatent: Phr.: 
in some m., aliquatenus ; aliqua ex parte ; 
Vv. EXTENT (fin.). IV. A course of 
action, plan: consilium, ratio: v. PLAN. 
Phr.: to take ms: (1). consilo, ui, 
tum, 3 (with dat. of that on behalf of 
which; in and ace. of person against 
whom) : to take m.s with a view to peace 
for the future, otio posteritatis c., Cic. 
Fam. 2, 18, extr.: to adopt cruel m.s to- 
wards the vanquished, crudeliter in de- 
ditos c., Liv. 8, 13, ad fin. (2). provideo, 
2 (to see to beforehand ; exercise fore- 
thought: with dat.: also de and abl. :) 
Vv. TO PROVIDE. VY. In music; usu. 


| pl.: 1, médi: Hor. Ep.1, 3,13: Cic.: 


Ov. 9. niiméri (esp. with ref. to me- 
trical fect) : Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 182: Hor. 

measure (v-.): 1, métior, mensus, 
4 (in most senses of Eng.): to m. land, 
corn, etc., agrum, frumentum m., Cic. : 
Hor. Fig.: to m. all things by gain, 
omnia quaestu (suo) m., Cic. Ph. 2, 43, 
111: Sall.: Liv. Comps. (1). dimétior, 
4 (to m. out): to m. sky and land, coe- 
lnm atque terram d., Cic. Sen. 14, 49: 
Caes. (2). émétior, 4 (rare in lit. sense; 
oftener —to traverse, q. V.): to m. a 
space with the eyes, spatium oculis e., 
Virg. Aen. 10, 772. (3). permetior, 4 
(also rare): to m. the magnitude of the 
sun, as with a m.ing-rod, solis magni- 
tudinem quasi decempeda perm., Cic. 
Ac. 2, 41,126. (N.B.—The perf. part. of 
metior and comps. may be used in pass. 
sense: cf. L. G. § 525.) 2. méto, 
métor, 1 (to lay down by measuring): 
V. TO MARK OUT, LAY OUT. Phr.: tom. 
oneself against another (in combat), con- 
grédi: cf. Nep. Hann. 1, quotiescunque 
cum eo [P. R.] congressus est in Italia, 
semper discessit superior: and Virg. 
Aen. I, 475 (¥. TO ENCOUNTER): also 
perh. experiri: cf. Nep. Han. eztr., ut 
interire quam Romanos non experiri 
mallet (he was determined to m. himself 
with them): also Virg. Aen. II, 283, 
experto credite quantus, etc. (believe me, 


who have md my strength with him in 
the field). 

measure out: me€tor, I: v.TO MARK 
out (1.); Lay OUT. 

measured (part.andadj.): |, That 
has been measured: mensus: Cic. — |f, 
Moderate: Phr.: to denounce in no m. 
terms, vehementius s. invlementius in 
aliquem invehi: v. TO INVEIGH. hk. 
Steady; in time: Phr.: dauntless and 
m. pace, intrepida ac decora ineedendi 
modulatio, Gell. 1, 11, extr.: cf. ib. med., 
gradus clemens, 1, e. a@ quiet, steady 
| pace. 

measureless: immensus: v. Im- 
MEASURABLE, 

measurement: mensiira, médus 
(the latter esp. of land) : v. MEASURE (1.). 
(Mensio, v. rare: m. vocum, Cic. Or. 53, 
177:) 

measurer: mensor (of land): v. 
LAND-MEASUKER. 

measuring (subs.): expr. by men- 
stra, métior: V. MEASURE (subs. and 
verb): m.-rod, décempéda (10 ft. long): 
Cie. Ac. 2, 41, 126: Hor.: m.-chain, 
*catena mensoria (R. and A.). 

meat: |, In widest sense: cibus :; 
Vv. FOOD. Il. Animal food: caro, car- 
nis, f.: V. FLESH. A m.-safe, carnarium : 
Plin. 19, 4, 19 § 57. 

mechanic (subs.): i.e. a worker at 
a skilled trade: 1. 5pifex, icis: we 
employ the hands of m.s, mauus opi- 
ficum adhibemus, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150 
cf. id. Off. 1, 42, 150, opifices omnes in 
sordida arte versantur (showing that the 
status of an opifex was similar to that 
of our mechanic): Sall. 9. faber, bri 
(a worker in wood, tron, etc.) : Vv. SMITH. 
CARPENTER. (N.B.—Notoperarius, whicb 
is simply a urer, “a hand.) See 
also MECHANICIAN,. 

mechanic (24)j.) t 1, méchanicus: 

mechanical @ figure (automa- 
ten) made by m. skill, simulacrum ratione 
quadam disciplinaque mechanica factum, 
Gell. 19, 12, fin.: Lampr. 2. machi- 
nalis, e: m. science, m. scientia, Plin. 7 
37, 38. 8. orginicus: Vitr. 10, 1, § 
(vestitus telarum organicis administra- 
tionibus connexus, i. e. by mechanical 
aid). Phr.: m. trades, *vpificum artes 
s. artificia, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 42: by m. con- 
trivances, machinationibus, Caes. B, @ 
4, 1] (Vv. MACHINERY): having a m. ge- 
nius, machinatione quadam atque sol- 
lertia praeditus, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 123 
(For fig. sense = not voluntary, v. Ma- 
CHINE, fin.) : 

mechanically: mechanica quadam 
arte: v. preced. art. (1). 

mechanician: mechinicus: Suet 
Vesp. 18: Col. 

mechanics: méchinica ars, Firm.: 
also simply, mechanica, Sym. The the 
ory of m, machinalis scientia, Plin. 7 
37, 38. 

mechanism: 1, machinatio: t& 
be moved by a kind of m.,m. quadam 
moveri, Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97- 2, me- 
chanica ratio: Gell. 10, 12, fin. See 
also MACHINERY. 

mechanist: V- MECHANICIAN. 

medal: ], niimisma s. ndmisma 
itis, n. (any coin): cf. Dig. 7, 1, 28, nu, 
mismatum veterum quivus pro gemmis 
uti solent: Eckhel: Burman. i 
numus or nummus (a coin: in class. 
Lat. usu.= money): Patin. in Suet, 
numus in memoriam alicujus rei signa- 
tus; n. memorialis, Kr.: am. was struck 
in commemoration of the event, *per- 
cussus (cusus) est numus hujus rei me- 
moriae causa. é 

ion: Vv. preced. art. 

medallist: I. Maker of medale: 
numorum artifex : v. preced. art. ll. 
Wearer of medal : *numo (honoris causa) 
signatus. 

meddle (v.): me interpdno, immis- 
ceo, etc. (usu. with dat.): v. TO INTER 
FERE. Phr.: m. not with the Sagun- 
tines, ne quid rei tibi sit cum Saguntinis, 
Liv. 21, 44, med. 

meddler: perh. homo ciiridsus: cf. 
Cic. Fl. 29, 70: patere me esse curlosum 
(to pry into another man’s affairs, play 

467 





MEDDLING 





the meddler) : more precisely, *curiosior 
rerum alienarum, (qui se alienis rebus 
immiscere solet: v.TO INTERFERE). Ar- 
delio is a fussy busy-body, Phaedr 2, 5. 
meddling (adj.): perh. ciiridsus: v. 
preced. art. 
meddling (subs.): expr. by verb: 
Y. TO INTERFERE. 
mediaeval: *medium aevurn. 
medial: *médius: Gram. é. t. 
mediate (adj.): Phr.: m. causes, 
causae adjuvantes et proximae (opp. to 
causae principales et perfectae), Cic. Fat. 
18, 41. 
tuediata (@.): J. Intrans.: to 
act as mediator: Phr.: he offers to m. 
ead the parties), medium sese offert, 
irg. Aen. 7, 536 (cf. MEDIATOR); se 
interponere ad componendam litem, cf. 
Cic. Fam. 10, 27: to m. between estranged 
friends, aversos componere amicos, Hor. 
S. 1, 5, 29: ef. Virg. E. 3, 108, non nos- 
trum inter vos tantas componere lites. 
{]. frans.: Phr.: tom. a peace, 
sese interponendo pacem [inter cives]} 
conciliare, cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 27: v. TO 
BRING ABOUT 3 RECONCILE. (N.B.—Inter- 
cedo = to interfere, q. v.) 
mediately ; of causation, causis ad- 
juvantibus et proximis: Cic. Fat. 18, 41. 
mediation: expr. by déprécator, 
précator (cf. foll. art.): by his m., eo 
deprecatore, Caes. B. G. 1, 9. See TO 
MEDIATE. 
mediator: 1, déprécator (one who 
makes petition in favour of another) : 
Cic.: Caes.: Vv. INTERCESSOR. So préca- 
tor, Ter. Ph.1, 2,90. 2, médius (adj.): 
Virg. Aen. 7,536. Join: pacator me- 
diusque, Sil. 16,122. 3, médiator (late): 
Vulg. Gal. iii. 20: Lact. (Specially of 
Christ as Mediator: Vulg.: Eccl.) 4, 
séquester, tris (rare): m. between patri- 
cians and plebeians, inter patres ac 
plebem [publicae gratiae] s., Sen. Cons. 
Helv. 12: so, pacis sequester, Lucan, fo, 
472. Phr.: to act as m., sese inter- 
ponere ad pacem conciliandam, etc.: v. 
TO MEDIATE. 
mediatorial: expr. by *médiator, 
etc.: V. MEDIATOR. 
medical: |. Pertaining to medi- 
cine: 1, médicus: m. care, m. dili- 
gentia, Plin. 11, 39, 93: Ov. 9, mé- 
dicinalis, e: the m. art, m. ars, Cels. 
ref. med.: Plin. 3, médicinus (rare): 
arr. L. L. 5, 18,93. Phr.: the m. art, 
medicina (Vv. MEDICINE): m. attendant, 
medicus (Vv. PHYSICIAN): m. students, 
medicinae studiosi, Stat. Acad. Cantab. 
I]. Having healing power: inédi- 
cus: ¥. MEDICINAL. 
medically: Phr-.: to treat wounds 
m., vulneribus (quibusdam) medicamen- 
tis mederi, Cels. pref. init. 
medicament: médicamentum, méd- 
icamen: V. MEDICINE. 
medicate: médico, 1: fo m. seeds, 
semina m., Virg. G. 193: m.d wines, 
vina medicata, Col. 
medicinal : 1, médicus: even 
Sire has am. power, est ipsis ignibus m. 
vis, Plin. 36, 27, 69: a hot m. spring, 
calidus fons m. salubritatis, id. 5, 16, 15. 
2, médicabilis, e: Col. 7, to. extr.: 
Pall. 3, saliitaris, salaber: Goon, adj. 
IL). 
medicinally; *medicamenti loco; 
propter salutem. 
medicine: |, The art or theory: 
médicina: Cels. pref. init.: Cic. (Less 
freq., ars medicinalis s. medica: v. ME- 
picaL, 1.) Phr.: to study m., rei me- 
dicae studio operam dare, Stat. Acad. 
Cantab. I]. A medical remedy : qe 
médicamentum : to give any one m. for 
dropsy : alicui m. dare ad aquam inter- 
cutem, Cic. Off. 3, 24, init.: Cels. pref. 
init.: to take m., m. sumere (gen. term), 
Curt. 3, 6, init.; haurire (of fluids), ib. 
med.: Plin. 2, médicamen, inis, 7. : 
violent m.s, m. violenta, Cic. in Pis. 6, 
13. 8, rémédium: v REMEDY. 4, 
médicina (medical treatment of any 
kind : rare in lit. sense): Fig.: I need 
no m., lam my own comforter, non egeo 








MEDLEY 


MEETING 





fatigue, somnus affert m. quandam la- | sartago, inis, /. (lit. frying-pan): Pers. 


boris, id. Fin. 5, 19, fin. 
medicine-case : 1, pyxis, idis, 
Ff. (a small box to hold medicines, per- 
Sumes, etc.): Sen. Ep. 95, 18- Cic. Plin. 
2. narthécium (rare): Cic. Fin. 2, 
1 fin: 


mediocre: 1, médiocris, e: v. 
MIDDLING, 2. tolérabilis, e: cf. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 2, 8. 


mediocrity ; médiocritas: Cic. Phr.: 
it is very rare that any (poet) rises above 
m., perraro exoritur aliquis excellens, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 11. 

meditate: |. To dwell upon in 
thought: 1, cOgito, 1 (to think about) : 
more fully, animo agitare et cogitare de 
aliqua re, Cic. Font. 6, 12: cf. id. N. D. 
I, 41, 114: with acc. of neut. pron., ali- 
quid attentius c., id. Off. 1, 40, 144: v. 
TO THINK. 9. volvo, vi, itum, 3 (to 
turn over carefully in the mind): as he 
was m.ing upon many (different) plans, 
multa secum volventi, Liv. 26, 7: Sall.: 
more precisely, animo volvere, Liv. 42, 5, 
init. So voluto, 1 ( frequent.) : Liv.: Luer. 
(N.B.— Volvo, voluto denote anxious 
meditation upon schemes, dangers, ete. ; 
not calm philosophical meditation.) 

3. méditor, 1 (to bring care and 

effort to bear upon anything: rarely if 
ever of pure meditation): I was m.ing 
(“studying’’) what to say in reply, quid 
contra dicerem mecum ipse meditabar, 
Cic. N. D. 3, init.: so of an orator study- 
ing his brief, id. Off. 1, 40, 144: Hor. 8. 
I, 9, 2 (ef. Forcell. s. v., universim me- 
ditari aliquid est non solum cogitando 
persequi, sed etiam agendo et praepa- 
rando). See also TO CONTEMPLATE, CON- 
SIDER. 4, commentor, 1 (to think 
carefully of, study, devise) : cf. Cic. Br. 
88, 301, quae secum commentatus esset, 
i.e. what he had studied and prepared 
(without writing). I]. To be bent on, 
have in view: 1, méditor, 1: he was 
m.ing an invasion of Persia, meditaba- 
tur proficisci in Persas, Nep. Ages. 4, 
imit.: Cic. 2. expr. by in animo 
est (with dat. of person), etc.: v. To 
INTEND. 

meditation: 1, cOgitatio: silent 
m., tacita c., Cic. OF. 3, 1, fin.: wrapt 
in m., in cogitatione defixus, id. de Or. 
3, 5,17: V. THOUGHT. 2. mentis agi- 
tatio: Cic. Off. 3, 1, 4 (mentis agitatione 
investigationeque earum rerum quas 
cogitando consequebatur): ib. 1, 5, fin. 

3, méditatio (rare in this sense): 

Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 32 (meditatio futuri 
mali): Cartes. (Or expr. by verb: v. 
TO MEDITATE.) 

meditative: Phr.: in am. mood, 
cogitabundus (absorbed in thought), Gell. 
2,1: of a m. turn of mind, *qui solet 
in cogitatione defigi: cf. preced. art. (1). 

meditatively: expr. by cogitabun- 
dus: v. L. G. § 343. 

mediterranean: Phr.: the M. sea, 
mare mediterraneum or mare magnum, 
Isid. Or. 13, 16, 1: also, mare internum 
s. medium (Kr.): called by the Romans, 
mare nostrum, Caes. B.G. 5,1: Mela, pass. 
(The term mare mediterraneum is ob- 
jected to by Kr., on the authority of 
Isid. 1. ¢.; but he misunderstands the 
passage: mare magnum is too vague for 
general use.) 

medium (szbs.): |. Something 
intermediate: expr. by médius. v. IN- 
TERMEDIATE ; alSO MEAN (subs.). Il. 
A person who mediates or acts as go- 
between: internuntius, séquester, couci- 
liator: v. GO-BETWEEN. 

medium (adj.): médiocris, e: v. 
MIDDLING. 

medlar: |. The tree: mespilus, i, 
f.: Plin. 15, 20, 22: also, mespilum, Pall. 


‘Insit. 69. I]. The Jruit: mespilum : 
Plin. 
medley : 1, _farrago, inis, /. 


(strictly, a kind of hash): Juv. 1, 86 
(f. libelli) 2. colltivio, Onis, f.; later, 
colluvies, em, e (lit. washings, a mass 
of impurities): a vile m. of words, col- 
liivio verborum deterrima, Gell. 1, 15, 


medicina,; me ipse consolor, Cic. Am. | fin.: cf. Liv. 3, 11, med., c. rerum, i.e. 


3, 10. sleep is as it were the m. of | a confused state of things. 


468 


3, perh. 





1, 80(s. loquendi). 4, (?) lanx satura 
(quam dicunt): v. Lat. Dict. s. v. satura. 
medullary: médullaris,e: Apul. 

meed; praemium; merces: v, BE- 
WARD. 

meek: 1, mitis, e (gentle, quiet) : 
Cic.: Ter.: blessed are the m., beati 
mites, Vulg. Matt. v. Vv. GENTLE 
(IL, 4). 2. démissus (unassuming : 
also in bad sense, mean-spirited) : Cic.: 
V. UNASSUMING. See also HUMBLE (11.). 

meekly : summissé, summisso animo, 
modesteé: Vv. HUMBLY. 

meekness;: animus mitis, demissus, 
etc.: V. MEEK, HUMBLE (I1.). 

meerschaum: *maris spuma quae 
dicitur: genus argillae quae spuma 
maris dicitur. 

meet (subs.): Phr.: to go to the m., 
*ad locum indictum ubi venantes con- 
veniant proficisci. 

meet (adj.): aptus, accommddatus, 
etc.: v. FIT (adj.). 

meet (v.): J, To fallin with: 1, 
expr. by obviam (adv.): with dat. : 
Clodius m.s him, ob. fit ei Clodius, Cic. 
Mil. 10, 28: Ter.: with ellipsis of verb, 
it is the very man I wanted to m., ipse 
est quem volui ob., Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 185 
so, to go to m. any one, alicui ob. pro- 
cedere, Cic. Ph. 2, 32, imit.; ob. prodire 
(in a public way), id. Mur. 33, init.: to 
send @ person to m. any one, aliquem 
alicui mittere ob., id. Att. 12, 5, 5: to 
hasten to m., alicui currere ob., Ter. Hec. 
3, 2, extr. 2. by obvius: if the other 
were not going to m. him, si ille obvius 
ei futurus non erat, Cic. Mil. 18, 47: 
the place they should m. at, quo in loco 
inter se obvii fuissent, Sall, Jug. 79, 
med.: his mother met him, cui mater 
sese tulit obvia, Virg. Aen. 1, 314: the 
Jirst person who should m. him, quem 
primum obvium habuisset, Just. 1,6, init. 

8. incido, 3 (with in and acc.) : v.10 
FALLIN WITH. 4, obvénio, véni, ntum, 
4(rare): Cic. Att.2,12,extr. §, occurro, 
curri (rarely ciicurri), sum, 3 (to hasten to 
go to meet): he hastened to m. Caesar, 
Caesari venienti occurrit, Caes, B. C. 3, 
719: I wrote word to him to n.me at He- 
raclea, scripsi ad eum ut mihi ad Hera- 
cleam occurreret, Br. in Cic. Br. 1, 6: 
Pl. (For offendo, v. TO FIND, 4.) ll. 
Yo encounter: obviam eo; concurro, 
etc.: v. TO ENCOUNTER. Phr.: to m. 
death, mortem oppetere, Cie. Ph. 14, 14, 
38: Liv.: also, occumbere morte or 
mortem, and poet. morti: to m. death 
for one’s country, pro patria mortem 
(al. morte) occumbere, Cic. ‘Tuse. 1, 42, 
extr.- Liv. 2, 7, med. (mortem). See 
also TO FACE. Il]. Zo come together 
assemble : ], convénio, véni, ventum, 
4: Sall. Cat. 17: more definitely, c. in 
unum, Sall. Jug. 115 c. in unum locum, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 19. 2. coeo, 4, ir. (in 
this sense, esp. poet. and late): we met 
in the portico of Livia, coimus in porti- 
cum Liviae, Plin. Ep. 1, 5,9: (@ place) 
where the people could m., quo populus 
coibat, Hor. A. P. 207: Suet. IV. In 
geometry, to have contact: Phr.: to m. 
im a point, coire in puncto...., Cart. 
Dioptr. 5, 8: to m. in the same point (of 
a number of lines), in eodem puncto 
concurrere, congregari, ib. 5, 4. 

— together: convénio, 4: v. To 
MEET (III.). 

— with: offendo, di, sum, 3: fo 
m. with any one in the street, aliquem 
in platea of., Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 34: v. TO 
FIND (4). Phr.: to m. uith an enthu- 
stastic reception, effusius (effasissime) 
excipi, Suet. Ner. 22: Pompey's speech 
met with a cold veception, Pompeii oratio 
frigebat, Cic. Att. I, 14, 2: ef. mortuo 
plausu (sc. excipi), ib. 2, 19,2. (N.B.— 
Expr. to meet with an accident, etc., by 
accido, contingo, the latter usu. im good 
sense: Vv. TO HAPPEN, 

meeting (subs.): |, Act of coming 
together : conventus, is: Sen. Q. N. 4 
12 (c. stellarum); concursus, US: V.CON- 
COURSE. |f, An assembly: conventus: 
v. ASSEMBLY. Phr.: the place af m, 
in quo loco coitur, Suet. Aug. 33 


ae 





MEETING-HOUSE 





meeting-house: perh. conventicii- 
lum: ¥. CONVENTICLE. 

meetness: Y- FITNESS. 

meegri : i.e. the complaint, hémi- 
cranium: Marc. Emp. 

melancholic: mélanchdlicus: Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 33, 80. ; 

melancholy (subs.): |. 48 @ dis- 
ease: atra bilis: cf. Cic. Tuse. 3, 5, 11: 
Vv. HYPOCHONDRIA, I]. Sadness: tris- 
titia, maestitia: v. SADNESS. 

melancholy (adj.): tristis, maestus : 
V. SAD. 

melée: *pugna confusa in qua vir 
virum eligit quocum congrediatur. 

melilot; mélildtus or -um: Plin. 

melliferous: mellifer, éra, érum: 


v. 
mellifluous: melilifluens (late and 
rare): Aus. Epist. 16, 14 (m. Nestor): 
t. €. ex cujus lingua quasi mel quoddam 
orationis fluere videtur, cf. Cic. Sen. 10, 
unit, 
mellow (adj.): 1, mitis, e (in lit. 
sense, poet.): m. fruits, m. poma, Virg. 
E. 1, 81: m. wine, m. Bacchus, id. G. 1, 
344. Of style: riper and mer, matu- 
rior et mitior, Cic. Br. 83, extr.: cf. id. 
Sen. 9, 28, senis compta et mitis oratio. 
, lénis, e: epith. of wine (opp. to 
austerum), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1,51. Fig.: 
a@ mM. voice, vox lenis, Quint. 11, 3, 15. 
8. languidus (poet.): the m.er sorts 
of wine, languidicra vina, Hor. Od. 3,21, 8. 
, languesco, 3, to grow m., ib. 3, 16, 35. 
4, matirus (ripe): Join: matura 
et cocta (poma) = ripe and mellow, Cic. 
Sen. 19, fin.: v. RIPE. 5, mollis, e 
(rare). m.est wines, vina mollissima, 
Virg. G. 1, 341. 
mellow (v.): |. Trans.: cdquo, 
xi, ctum, 3: v. TO RIPEN. Phr.: time 
m.s sound wine, *tempore vina bene 
firma leniora redduntur: v. preced. art. 
|]. lutrans.: 1, maturesco, tirui, 
3: Vv. TO RIPEN. Fig.: if his virtues 
had been allowed to m., si maturuissent 
virtutes ejus, Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 5. oe 
Teniguesco, langui, 3 (poet.): Hor. Od. 3, 
10, 35. 
mellowness: expr. by adj. or verb: 
v. preced. artt. 
melodious: 1, canorus: a sweet, 
m. voice, vox suavis et c., Cic. Br. 66, 
234. Join: profiuens et canorus, Cic. 
de Or. 3,7, fin. 2, nimérosus (strictly, 
in time or rhythm) : m. Horace, n. Hora- 
tius, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 49: cf. Cic. Or. 50, 
168 (n. oratio): v. RHYTHMICAL. Ss: 
“mddiulatus (rare in this sense); as epith. 
of style, Gell. 13, 24, ad init. 
melodiously : 1,  numérose 
(rhythmically, musically): stringed in- 
struments sounding m., fidiculae n. 
sonantes, Cic. N. D. 2, 8, fin.: freq. of 
style and the cadence of sentences, id. Or. 
52,175. 2, cinore: Apul. 
-melodiousness: expr. by adj.: cf. 
Cic. Sen. 9, 28, omnino canorum illud 
(the proverbial m., viz. of the voice of 
old men, in Homer) in voce splendescit. 
Sometimes numerus, numeri, may serve: 
Vv. RHYTHM. 
melodrama: perh. *drama musicum 
s. melicum. 
melodramatic: i.e. marked by 
startling incident as in melodrama: 
Phr.: a m. story, *historia (fabula) 
miraculis casibusque atrocibus referta. 
melody: |, Melodiousness: q. v. 
I]. An agreeable succession of sounds, 
a tune: mélos, i, n.,; modus: v. STRAIN, 
MUSIC. 
melon: meélo, dnis; or méldpépo, 
Snis, m.: Plin. 19, 5, 23 § 67 (melope- 
ee ace, pl.): Pall. (Cucumis Melo, 
inn. 


melt: A. Trans.: 
1. liquéfacio, féci, factum, 3: the 
sun m.s wax, liquefacit ceram sol, Plin. 
21, 14, 49: the brazen tablets of the law 
were m.’d, legum aera liquefacta sunt, 
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19: Virg. 2. liquo, 1 
(later) to m. javelins, pila 1, Lucan 7, 
159: Plin. 3, conflo, 1 (esp. to melt 
together, m. down into a mass): to m. 
(several ungredients) in an earthen pot, 
in iictili c., Plin. 33,9, 46. to m. silver 


[pedalites)) 





MEMBER 





(money) into a lump, argentum c., Sen. 
Q. N. 2, 12: v. foll. art. 4, solvo, 
dissolvo, 3: Vv. TO DISSOLVE. I]. Zo 
move to pity: Phr.: to be m.’d with 
pity for any one, misericordia alicujus 
frangi, Cic. Att. 7, 12, med.: in strictly 
pass. sense, ad fletum misericordiamque 
(de)duci, id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; also, ad- 
duci, ib. § 199: to m. the bench to com- 
passion, judices commovere atque ad 
misericordiam excitare, cf. ib. § 189: to 
be m.’d to tears at the cruel death of 
some one, lacrimas in misera morte ali- 
cujus non tenere, id. Verr. 5, 67, 172: to 
m. (people) to tears, movere lacrimas, 
Quint. 4, 2,77. B, Intrans.: l. 
Lit.: 1, liquesco, licui, 3: slush of 
m.ing snow, tabes liquescentis nivis, Liv. 
21, 36: Virg.: Plin. 2. liquéfio, 
factus, fiéri (comp. supr. A. I.): ef. Cic. 
N. D. 2, to, 26, where occurs the full 
expr., (nix) se, admixto calore liquefacta 
et dilapsa diffundit: Ov. 3. tabesco, 
bui, 3 (to waste away by melting ; melt 
away): cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 85 and 89; 
where liquescit denotes the actual melt- 
ing of the wax; tabuerant, ifs having 
wasted away: cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26, 
humor [conglaciatus] mollitur tepefac- 
tus et tabescit calore, i.e. softens and 
ms away. 4. lentesco, 3 (so as to 
form a clammy, sticky substance): Vac. 
G. 45, fin. (of amber). 5, solvo, vi, 
utum, 3 (as pass. refl.: poet.): keen 
winter m.s away, solvitur acris hiems, 
Hor. Od. 1, 4, 1: m.’d snow, solutae 
nives, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 94. I. Fig.: 
Phr.: to m, with pity, misericordia 
frangi, etc.: v. supr. (A., L.). I. Of 
colours, to pass insensibly into each 
other: perh. dilui atque evanescere; in 


alium colorem deficere: cf. Plin. 37, 9, | 


40 and 41. 

melt away: 1, tabesco, 3: v. To 
MELT (B, I, 3). 9, dilabor, psus, 3: 
when the snow has m.’d away, ubi nix 
dilapsa est, Liv. 21, 36, med. : cf. TO MELT 
(SE): 3. diffluo, xi, xum, 3 (in 
gen. sense): mountains m. away, juga 
montium d., Sen. Ep. g1, med. : Lucr. 

— down: conflo, 1 (frans.): to 
m. down statues, simulacra c., Suet. Ner. 
32: v. TO MELT (A, I, 3). 

melting (subs.): |. Lit.: I in 
liquatio (v. rare): Vopisc. 2, flatira 
(by blast furnace): Plin. 7, 56, 57 § 197 
(a. conflatura). Vitr. Usu. better expr. 
by verb: e. g. the art of m. and duly 
mizing copper, *aeris confiandi ac tem- 
perandi ars: after the m. of the snows, 
dilapsis nivibus, etc.: v. TO MELT. Il. 


Fig.: the m. of colours into each other, | 


harmogeé (artistic ¢. f.); commissurae 
colorum et transitus, Plin. 35,5, 11. (R. 
and A.) 

melting (adj.): sometimes, flebilis 
(piteous, plaintive: q. v.): cf. Hor. Od. 
2, 9, 9, f. modi: Ov. Phr.: m. eyes 
(with desire), putres oculi, Hor, Od. 1, 
36, fin. 

meltingly: flébiliter (plaintively) : 
Hor, Od. 4, 12, 5. 

melting-pot: fictile, is, m.: Plin. 
33, 9, 46. 

member: |. Of the body: mem- 
brum: Liv. 2, 32, med.: Cic. See also 
LIMB, JOINT. I]. GF @ sentence: in- 


cisum (@ clause, Gr. Koupa), Membrum | 


(an integral part of a period, Gr. K- 
Aov): Cic. Or. 62, fin. 
sum, incisio oft. occurs: e. g. Cic. Or. 64, 
216, in incisionibus et in membris. — |]. 
Of a society, corporation, etc.: iL. 
sddalis, is (the legal term to denote a@ m. 
of a collegium or guild): Gai. Dig. 47, 
22: to be elected m. of the Royal Insti- 
tute of France, s. instituti regii Francici 
cooptari, Wyttenb. in Kr. 2. sdcius: 
usu. term to denote a m. of a learned 
society: Ruhnk. in Kr. 3: 
freq. not expr. by a single word: m. of 
the senate, senator; of a family, gen- 
tilis: among the ms of his own body 
(the patrician order), inter corporis sui 
homines, Liv. 6, 34: a guild of smiths, 
of not more than 150 m.s, fabrorum col- 
legium, duntaxat hominum CL., Plin. 
Ep. 10, 35 (42): to be enrolied as ms of 


Instead of inci- | 


more | 


MEMORY 





the Achaean league, in Achaicum conci- 
lium coutribui, Liv. 42, 37, extr.: to he 
am. of two different collegia, in duobus 
collegiis esse, Marc. Dig. 47, 22, 1 § 2: 
three m.s are suflicient to form a colle- 
gium, tres faciunt collegium, Dig. 50, 
16, 85. 

membership: Phr.: tobe admitted 
to m., sodalem s. socium ascribi, coup- 
tari, etc.: v. preced. art. 

membrane: membrana: very thin 
m.s, tenuissimae m., Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 
init.: Cels. Dimin. membranula (a 
Jine, thin m.): Cels, (May be used 
also of vegetable ms, cf. Plin. 19, 6, 34 
§ 111.) 

membranaceous: membranaceus 
(like a thin skin): Plin. 10, 61, 8r. 


memento; modniimentum: v. mR- 
MORIAL. 

Memoir: commentiarius, esp. pl. 
(strictly, notes for history): ms of 
Socrates (the Memorabilia), c. dictorum 
atque factorum Socratis, Gell. 14, 3, 
med. : cf. title of Caesar’s works. Some- 


times = biography: v. LIFE (AI1.). 
memorable: 1, mémdrabilis, e 
(deserving to be remembered): the most 
m. of wars, bellum mexime omnium 
memorabile, Liv. 21, init.: that m. year, 
ille m. annus, Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8: Tac. 
2. mémoria dignus: Nep. Epam. 1. 
3, mémorandus: a spot m. for the 
slaughter of the 300 Spartans, locus tre- 
centorum Laconum caede m., Flor. 2, 
8, med.: PL 4, nobilis, e (famous) : 
this is the m. battle of Trasimene, haec 
est n. ad Trasimenum pugna, Liv. 22, 7, 
init. 5, insignis, e: Vv. REMARKABLE. 
memorandum: Pbhr.: to make a 
m. of anything, aliquid in commentarios 
referre, Taj. in Plin. 10, 95 (96): also, 
enotare, ib. 6, 16, 10: a m.-book, liber 
memorialis, Suet. Caes. 56, med. 
memorial (svbs.): |. Means of 
remembering : moénimentum : there are 
many m.s of your clemency, multa sunt 
tuae clementiae m., Cic. Deiot. 15, 40: 
Liv. Il. 4 document: libellus: vy. 
PETITION. 
memorial (adj.): Phr.: a m. hall, 
*atrium alicujus rei memoriae causa 
aedificatum ; quod pro monumento erit. 
memorialist: *qui nomen suum 
libello adscripsit. 
memorialize: Phr.: to m. the go- 
vernment, *ad eos qui rempublicam 
tenent libellum supplicem mittere. 
memory: |. The faculty: mém- 
dria: to have a good m., esse m. bona, 
Cic. Att. 8, 4, med.; firma, Quint. 11, 2, 
18: so good a m., tanta m., Cic. Br. 88, 
301: m., most retentive (in youth), m. 
tenacissima, Quint. 11, I, 19: slow, fail- 
| ing m., m, segnis et lenta, Sen. Ep. 74, 
init.: natural and artificial m., m. na- 
turalis, artificiosa, Auct. Her. 3, 16, 28: 
to exercise the m., m. exercere, Cic. Sen. 
6, extr.: to impress anything upon the m., 
aliquid memoriae mandare, Cic. Quint. 
6, 25 (quaeso ut eum diem memoriae 
mandetis, i. e. make an effort to remem- 
ber it: to commit to m., is edisco: v,. TO 
LEARN L., 1, 2): to retain in the m, 
| aliquid memoria tenere, Cic. Sen. 4, fin. : 
also, memoria complecti, id. Div. 2, 71, 
146; custodire, id. de Or. 1, 28, 127: 
m. fails one, memoria deficitur (aliquis), 
Col. 7, 9, ad jfin.: so, memoria falli, 
Plin. 10, 42, 59: ef. Cic. Att. 12, 1, me- 
moriola vacillare (to find one’s m. giving 
way): to state from m., eX Mm. exponere, 
id. Cat. 3,6, 13. Pbr.: a liar ought to 
have a good m., mendacem memorem 
esse oportet, Prov in Quint. 4, 2, 91. to 
| recite from m., memoriter pronuntiare, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 19, fin.: to be effaced from 
| the m., ex animo effluere, ib. 2, 74, 300 
(Vv. TO FORGET). I]. Remembrance : 
1, mémiria: to wipe out all m. of 
| discord, omnem m. discordiarum delere, 
| Cic. Ph. 1, init.: to recal the m. of child- 
| hood, pueritiae m. recordari, id. Arch. 
| init.: V. BEMEMBRANCE. Q, récordatio 
| (act of calling to mind): Vv. RECOLLEC- 
| TION. II]. The time that can be re- 
membered: memoria: in the m. of our 
fathers, memoria pairum bostrorum, 
4% 





MEN-PLEASER 


MERCHANT 





Caes. B.G. 1,12: never in the m. of man, 
(nunquam) post hominum m., Cic. Cat. 
1,7,16. |W. Hxemption from oblivion : 
Phr.: to consign tv m., memoriae tra- 
dere, prodere: v. TO RECORD, 

men-pleaser: Phr.: not as ms, 
non quasi hominibus placentes, Vulg. 
Eph. vi. 6. 

menace (v.>: minor, minitor, 1: v. 
TO THREATEN. See also TO IMPEND. 

menace (subs.): 1, minae, arum; 
Cic.: Tac. Fig.: m. of the sky (threat- 
ening phaenomena), coelestes m., Tac. H. 
I, 18. 2, minatio: Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 
288. 8. terricila, orum (acts fitted to 
intimidate) : cf. Liv. 34, (1, nullis minis, 
nullis terriculis moveri: Att. in Non. 
Phr.: to indulge in m., minor, minitor 
(Vv. TO THREATEN): to overawe with ms, 
minaciter terrere, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, go. 

menacing (adj.): 1, minax, acis: 
Join: minax et arrogans, Cic. Font. 12, 
26. Fig.: a m. night, nox m. [et in 
scelus eruptura], Tac. A. 1, 28. Comp. 
preced. art. (1). 2, minitabundus 
(only of persons): Liv. 3, perh. trux, 
tricis (of fierce, angry mien: chiefly 
poet.): cf. Lucan, 7, 291, facies truces, 
oculosque minaces: also, Quint. II, I, 3, 
trux atque violentum dicendi genus: 
V. FIERCE. 

menacingly : 1, miniaciter: Cic. 
de Or. 1, 20, go. 2. minanter: Ov. 

3, expr. by minitabundus, minitans : 
cf. L. G. § 343. 

menagerie: *ferae claustris custo- 


ditae. (Vivarium = preserve.) 
mend: A.Trans.: |j, Lit.: 1. 
sarcio, si, tum, 4: to m. old ropes, 


baskets, ete.: veteres funes, corbulas, 
etc. s., Cato: to m. broken crystal, frag- 
menta crystallina s., Plin. 37, 2, 10: Col. 
Also comp. resarcio, 4 (to m. or make 
good again), Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41 (r. vestem). 
9, réconcinno, t (to set right again: 
rare): Pl. Men. 2, 3, 78. Cic.: v. TO RE- 
parr. Phr.: to m. one’s pace, addere 
gradum, Pl. Trin. 4, 3, 3: Liv. Il. 
Fig.: émendo, corrigo, etc.: v. TO 
AMEND, IMPROVE. B. Intrans.: 
|. Zo improve in health : mélior fio, 
convalesco: v TO RECOVER. Phr.: I 
am m.ing a little, meliuscule est mihi, 
Cic. Fam. 16, 5: until the patient begins 
to m., donec morbus decrescere incipiat, 
Cels. 3, 20: he began slowly to m., 
6ensim toto corpore salubritas percipi 
(incipiebat), Curt. 3, 7, ad fin. |]. fn 
gen. sense: Phr.: (things) seem likely 
to m., posse videntur esse meliora quam 
e fuerunt, Cic. Att. 14, 15: cf. ib. 
infr., incipit res melius ire quam 
pUcaram: Vv. TO IMPROVE. 
mendacious: mendax: v. LYING 
adj.). ‘ cp 
mendacity: mendacium: made up 
of dishonesty and m., totus ex fraude et 
mendacio factus, Vic. Clu. 26, fir.: esp. 
pl. (cf. L. G. § 591): farewell to the m. 
of seers, valeant m. vatum, Ov. F. 6, 253. 
(Mendacitas late and unclass.) See also 
FALSEHOOD. 
mendicancy : V. MENDICITY. 
mendicant (suvbs.) : mendicus, /. -a: 
Y. BEGGAR. 
mendicant (adj.): Phr.: a m. 
friar, monachus ex ordine mendicantium 
(Kr.): the m. order of Franciscans, 
*Franciscanorum mendicantium ordo. 
mendicity ; mendicitas: Cic.: 
BEGGARY. 
menial (adj.): 1, servilis, e: v. 
SERVILE. 2. sordidus: opp. to libe- 
ralis (quaestus, qui liberales, qui sor- 
didi), Cic. Off 1, 42, init. Join: hu- 
milis et sordida [cura], Plin. Ep. 1, 3, 3: 
Vv. MEAN, LOW. 
menial (subs.): perh. médiastinus 
(a low order of slave): Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 
14: Cic.: v. SLAVE. 
menology; *méndlégium: Fabric. 
menstrual t 1, meustruus: Plin. 
menstruous § As subs. menstrua, 
orum (= monthly courses): Cels. 6, 6, 
38: Plin.: called also menses, ium. 
Plin. 21, 21, 89. 2, menstrualis, e 
(menstruating): Plin. tg, 10, 59- 
mensuration: metiendiars s. ratio: 
47° 


Vv. 





v. TO MEASURE. 
surtNG. (Perb., mensuratio, as ¢. t.: cf. 
Auct. de Limit. Goes. p. 264.) 

mental: gen. of ingenium, mens, 
animus: cf. Sall. Jug.2. Also, ingenium 
alone may denote the entire m. powers : 
ib. fin. : and ch. 4, i7f.: Vv. MIND. 

mentally; mente, animo, cogita- 
tione: v. MIND. 

mention (v.) : 1, mémiro, com- 
mémoro, I: V. TO RELATE. Dexpr. 
by mentio and a verb: esp. mentionem 
facere, Pl. Most. 3, 2, 126: Cic. Verr. 2, 
2, 39, init.: foll. by acc. and inf., as in 
preceding exx.; by gen. (m. facere ali- 
cujus rei), Cic. R. Am. 2, 5; or by abl. 
with de (de aliquo m. facere), id. Leg. 
3, 6, fin. if such and such a subject be 
m.’d (in conversation), m. si qua de.... 
injecta fuerit, Hor. S. 1, 4,94: te be led 
incidentally to m. something, casu in 
alicujus rei m. incidere, Cic. Div. Verr. 
15, extr. 3. mémini, defect. perf. 
(rare and not in Cic.: for in Ph. 2, 36, 
gi, the verb has its ordinary sense : 
with gen.): this conspiracy is m.d 
by...., meminerunt hujus conjura- 
tionis...., Suet. Caes. g: Quint. 4. 
injicio or jacio, jéci, 3 (to throw out 
a temark): he m.s among other matters, 
inter alias res jacit, Sall. Jug. 11, med. : 
to m. a subject to any one, alicui de 
aliqua re injicere, Cic. Att. 16, 5, 3. 

5, nomino, rt (to m. by name): 

esp. in phr., honoris causa nominare, to 
m. any one’s name by way of respect, 
with all honour : Cic. KR. Am. 2,6. 6, 
dico, xi, ctum, 3 (to speak of): v. TO 
SPEAK. Phr.: not tom., omittere, Nep. 
Han. 2 (nam ut omittam Philippum, to 
omit ail mention of Philip); praeter- 
mnittere (to pass by without stopping to 
mention; whereas, omitto is to lave 
out); V. TO OMIT, PASS OVER. 

mention (swbs.) : 1. mentio: v. 
TO MENTION (2). 2, commémoratio 
(implying more than mentio: recital, 
recounting): Ter.- Cic. 3. expr. by 
verb: m. being made...., quum in- 
jectum esset (= mentione facta): v. 
preced. art. 

mentor: dux, auctor: v. GUIDE. 

mephitic: méphiticus: Sid. (cf. sae- 
vam exhalare mephitim, Virg. Aen. 7, 
84). See also FETID. 

mercantile: expr. by mercatiira, 
commercium: to be engaged in m. 
transactions, mercaturas facere, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 28, 72: to be a barrier to m. 
intercourse, commercia prohibere, Sall. 
Jug. 18, ad init.: a m. people, *com- 
merciis (mercaturae) dedita gens. See 
also MERCHANT, (Mercatorius only in 
PL.) 

mercenarily; pretio atque mercede : 
Cic. Verr. 5, 20, init.: pecuniae (pretii, 
mercedis) causa, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5. 

mercenary (adj.): 1, mercenarius: 
m. witnesses, m. testes, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 
med. : opp. to gratuitus, id. Leg. 1,18, 48 
(m. liberalitas). 2, conductus (hired, 
paid for). Cic. Leg. 1.c. Also conduc- 
ticius: v. foll. art. 8. venalis, e 
(offered for sale or hire): v. VENAL. 

mercenary (swbs.) : 1, conductus 
miles: 3000 Grecian m.s, ex Graecia 
conductorum tria millia, Nep. Dat. 8: 
so, Graeci pedites mercede conducti, 
Curt. 3,9, imzé. Also, conducticius exer- 
citus, mercenaries (collectively), Nep. 
Iph. 2. Q, merceénarius miles: Liv. 
24, 49, extr.: in pi. perh. mercenarii 
without swbs.): Freinsh. Curt. 2, 5: ef. 

iv. 30, 8, fim., mercenariis armis op- 
pugnare. (N.B.—In good authors, mer- 
cenarius, without swbs. =a hired ser- 
vant: opp. to an actual slave.) 

mercer: perh. linteo: v. DRAPER. 

merchandize; |. Objects of trade: 

1, merx, rcis, f. (any commodity on 

sale): Pl.: Cic.: v. WARES. To be an 
article of m., in merce esse, Plin. 12, 25, 
54, § 118. 9. res venales: Sall. Jug. 
47 (forum rerum v.). 3, mercatira 
(strictly rade: rare in present sense) : 
BIS rio 25a2 ss I]. Trade itself : 
mercatiira: v. COMMERCE, TRADE. 

merchant (subs.): ]1, mercator 


See also LAND-MEA- 


MERCY 





(a dealer on @ large scale): to buy of 
m.s in order to sell again, mercari a 
mercatoribus quod statim vendas, Cig 
Off. 1, 42, 150 Caes. 2. négotiator 
(strictly a money-lender or banker in 
the provinces: in later writers, a dealer) : 
a corn ™m., ™m. frumentarius, Paul. Dig. 
50,5,9. The calling of a m., mercatura. 
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151. 

merchant-ship: navis mercatoria: 
Pl. Bac. 2, 3, 25 mn. oneraria (ship of 
burden, transport: not a ship of war): 
Caes. pass. 

merchantable: vénialis,e. v. saLE- 
ABLE. 

merchantman: V. MERCHANT-SHIP. 

merciful: 1, miséricors, rdis (piti- 
Sul, compassionate): (et them be m. with 
embezzlers of the treasury, sint m. in 
furibus aerarii, Sall. Cat. 52, med.: but 
the usu. constr. is, m.in aliquem (towards 
any one), Cic. Lig. 5, 15: blessed are the 
m., beati m., Vulg. Matt. v. 7. 9, clé- 
mens, ntis (mild and clement ; not given 
to vengeance or indulgence of angry 
passion): I desire to be m. (act with 
mildness, without severity), cupio me 
esse c., Cic. Cat. 1, 2,4. Join. clemens 
[judex] et misericors, Cic. Pl. 13, init. 
See also GENTLE. 3. mitis, e (mild): 
a most m. and gentle man, homo mitis- 
simus et lenissimus, Cic. Cat. 4, 5, fin. : 
m. to the penitent, m. poenitentiae (= iis 
quos poenitebat), Tac. Agr. 16. Join: 
mitis et misericors [animus], Cic. Inv. 
2, 55, wnit. 4, exorabilis, e ( to 
prayers, that may be intreated): Tac. 
Agr. 16: Sen. (longe in suis quam in 
alienis exorabilior injuriis). 

mercifully : 1, clémenter (for 
syN. V. MERCIFUL): Cic. Verr. 5, 8, 1 
Caes. 2, miséricorditer (late and rare); 
Lact. 6, 18, ad init.: Quadrig. jr. Phr. 
to behave m. towards any one, miseri 
cordem esse, se praebere, in aliquem 
V. MERCIFUL. 

mercifulness : 
MERCY. 

merciless: 14, immiséricors, raus 
(for syn. Vv. MERCIFUL): Cic. Join: 
immisericors atque inexorabilis, GelL 
2. immitis, e (poet.): a m. tyrant, 
im. tyrannus, Virg. 8, inclemens, 
ntis: the m. dictator, inc. dictator, Liv. 
8, 32, med. 4, criidélis, dirus, ferreus, 
inhiimanus: Vv. CRUEL, UNFEELING. 5, 
importinus: opp. to clemens, Cic. Rep 
I, 33. Join-~ crudelissimus atque im- 
portunissimus [tyrannus], Liv. 29, 17, 
extr. (N.B.—Immisericors, immitis, in- 
clemens, inexorabilis, strictly denote the 
quality as negative, void of mercy or 
gentleness : the foll. words, as positive 
cruel and hard-hearted.) 

mercilessly: 1. immiséricorditer 

(rare): ‘ler. Ad. 4, 5, 29 (duriter im.que). 
9. crudéliter, duriter: v. CRUELLY. 
mercilessness: 1, inclementia: 
Virg. Aen. 2, 602. 2. more ade- 
quately, crudelitas, inhumanitasque: 
Cic. Verr. 5, 44, 115. 

mercurial: i.e. excitable and fickle : 
perh. mobilis, €: v. FICKLE. 

Mercury : |. The deity: Mer- 
curins: Hor.: Cic. U. Vhe planet : 
stella Mercurii, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53: poet. 
Cyllenius ignis, Virg. G. 1, 337. I. 
The metal: argentum vivum: Plin. 33, 
6, 32. (Hydrargyrum, i, ”., Pharmacop.: 
which in Pliny denotes a totally different 
substance: 33, 8, 41.) 

mercy: 1, miséricordia ( pitiful- 
ness, compassion) : fear leaves no room 
| for m., timor m. non recipit, Caes. B. G 
7, 26: to recal men’s minds to clemency 
and m., Mentes hominum ad lenitatem 
m.que revocare, Cic. de Or. I, 12, 53. 

9. clémentia (mildness): Join: 
clementia mansuetudoque, Cic. Verr. 5, 
44, 115 ; lenitas, etc., id. Att. 14, 19, med. 
See also CLEMENCY. 3. mansuétido 
(gentleness) : esp. with another word, cf, 
supr.(2):Caes. 4, vénia (indulgence, 
grace): a fault for which no m. will 
be shown, cui peccato nulla v., Cic. Agr. 
2,2,5: V. FORGIVENEsS. Phr.: to show 
m. to, ignoscere, with dat. (v. TO FOR- 
GIVE): to be at the m. of another. 


miséricordia: « 








\ 


MERUY-SEAT 


MESS 


METEOR 





obnoxium esse, Sall. Cat. 20, med.: so, 
at the m. of every freak of fortune, 
fortunae obnoxius, Tac. A. 2, 75: any 
one’s life is at the m. of another, alicujus 
vita in alterius manu posita est, Cic. 
Quint. 2, 6: so, alicujus in ditione ac 
potestate, Cic. |. ¢. 
mercy-seat; propitiatorium: Vulg. 
eb. tx. 5. 
mere (subs.): lacus, lacina: v. LAKE. 
mere (adj.): i.e. that and nothing 
more: 1. mérus (somewhat rare in 
this sense): m. expectation (nothing 
given at present), vihil nisi spes mera, 
Ter. Ph. 1, 2,96: Apul. 9. expr. by 
ipse by the m. fact of its presence, hoc 
ipso quod adest (sc. injustitia), Cie. Fin. 
I, 16, 50: 80, de Or. 2, 6, 24, hoc ipsum 
nihil agere et plane cessar+ delectat (i. e. 
mere doing nothing): they died of m. 
excess of joy, ‘ipso gaudio immodico 
vita excesserunt. 8. anus, sdlus: by 
his m. advance and approach (without 
a blow being strucic), uno aditu adven- 
tuque, Cic. Man. 8, 21: v. ALONE, ONLY. 
4, expr. by nibil nisi (cf. supr. 1): 
v. ONLY. Phr.: in m. wantonness, 
ultro: cf. Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 21, etiam 
ultro derisum advenit (lit. over and 
above, beyond what was necessary). 
merely ; tantummédo, sdlummédo, 
etc. : V. ONLY. 
meretricious: — |. Pertaining to 
courteysuns: mérétricius: Pl: Cic. 
N.B.—Not used in fig. sense.) [I 
‘ig.: alluring by false show, gaudy: 
Phr.: m. attractions, illecebrae, e. g. vol- 
uptatis: cf. Cic. Sext. 66, 138: villorum 
illecebris et cupiditatum Senociniis: m. 
ornament (in style), lenocinia, orum : 
ef. Quint. 8, prooem. § 26, non orna- 
menta sed lenocinia: sometimes, in this 
last use, fucatus may serve: cf. Gell. 
13, 26, versus Homeri simplicior et sin- 
cerior, Virgilii autem quodam quasi 
ferrumine immisso fucatior : cf. Cic. Or. 
23,19, tucati medicamenta candoris et 
ruboris (but fucatus applies to what- 
ever is artificial). 
meretriciously: illécebrose (en- 
ticingly: rare): Pl. Phr.: to adorn 
speech m. (orationem) fucare atque prae- 
linere, Gell. 7, 14, extr.: a style m. 
adorned, *oratio lenociniis quibusdam 
verborum ac figurarum fucata; oratio 
parum ca-ta fucatoque nitore insignis. 
meretriciousness: of style, leno- 
cinia, orum: v. MERETRICIOUS (II.). 
merge: i.e. to absorb, swallow up: 
coniundo, fadi, sum, 3: the two peoples 
were m.d in one, duo populi in unum 
confusi sunt, Liv. 1, 23: v. TO MIX, 
BLEND. Phr.: the new guild was md 
in the old, *novum in vetus collegium 
contributum est, cf. Liv. 42, 37, jin. 
meridian (subs.): |. 4 circle so 
called : méridianus circulus: Sen. N. Q. 
5, 17, 3: or for brevity’s sake, simply 
*meridianus (in Vell. 2, 126, quidquid 
meridiano aut septentrione finitur = 
meridie, the South). Il. The point 
reached by the sun at mid-day: perb. 
*fastigium meridianum. Or as before, 
circulus meridianus, because the sun is 
highest when he passes through that 
circle. In tig. sense, fastigium summum : 
Y. EMINENCE (I1.). 
meridian (adj.): méridianus: ct. 
preced. art. 
meridional ; v. SOUTHERN. 
merit (subs.): 1, méritum: Caes.: 
Cic.: Vv. DESERT. 2. laus, dis, f : esp. 
in certain phrr.; it is looked upon as m., 
laudi ducitur, Cic. Tuse. 1, 2, 4: to extol 
any one’s m.s to the skies, alicujus laudes 
in astra tollere. id. Att. 2, 25. 3) 
virtus, titis, f. (excellence, worth): the 
m. of the actor, actoris v., Ter. Ph. prol. 
extr.: you should have received the dress- 
ing your m, entitles you to, ornatus esses 
ex tuis v., id. Ad. 2, 1, 22. Phr.. to 
make a thing known according to its 
real m.s, aliquid ex vero celebrare, Sall. 
Cat. 8, init.: the actual m.s of a case, 
vera causa, Cic, Man. 17, 53. 
merit (v.): méreor, déméreor, etc. : 
¥. TO DESERVF, EARN. 


merited (part adj.): 1, méritus: 


Cic.: Liv. Join: merita ac debita 
[iracundia], Cic. de Or. 2, 50,203. 2, 
débitus: Join: justa et debita [poena). 
id. Mil. 31, 85: cf. supr. 3, dignus 
(fitting the case; adequate as well as 
deserved); ct. Virg. Aen. 1, 600 and 605, 
grates persolvere diguas ; praemia digna 
ferre. 

meritorious: laude dignus, praemio 
diguus: v. PRAISEWORTHY. Phr.: to 
regard as m., laudi ducere~ v. MERIT (2). 

meritoriously: béné, optime  v. 
WELL (adv.). Phr.. to have acted very 
m., *summa laude dignnm esse; sum- 
mam iaudem meritum esse: v. TO 
DESERVE. 

merle: mérila: Cic. 

mermaid: vympha marina (any 
sea-nymph): more precisely, *marina 
(maris incola) nympha cujus in piscem 
corpus desinit: cf. Hor. A. P. init. 

merman: *maris incola semivir 
cujus in piscem, etc.: v. preced. art. 

merrily: 1. bilare (cheerfully): 
Cic. Q, festive: cf. Pl. Ps. 5, 1, 9, in 
loco festive sumus festive accepti (mer- 


rily, jovially entertained). See also 
JOYFULLY. 

merry: 1, hilaris or hilarus: v. 
CHEERFUL. 2, testivus (be/itling a 


holiday; gay, jovial): a m. trick, fa- 
cinus [lepidum et] f., Pl. Poen. 1, 2, 98: 
such m. games, tam f. ludi, id. Cas. 4, 
My). 3. festus- v. Gay. Phr.: to 
male m. with any one, satis jocose ali- 
quem ludere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12: cf. in 
faciem multa jocatus, Hor. S. 1, 5, 62: 
Vv. TO JOKE. 

merry-andrew: 1, perh. sannio: 
cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 61, fin. 9. lidius 
(pantomimist): common m.s from the 
Circus, 1. triviales ex Circo, Suet. Aug. 
14: Cic. (Maccus, in Diom. is of too 
uncertain a sense to use: coprea is an 
obscene jester.) 

merry-making: festivitas, festivi- 
tates (v. late): Cod. Theod. Better 
expr. by festus: cf. Hor. Od. 3, 18, 11, 
Jfestus in prato vacat...pagus, i. e. gives 
itself up to m.: to devote a day to m., 
diem festum habere, Nep. Timol. 5: cf. 
laetitias festas exercere, Arnob. in For- 
cell. See also PLEASURE. 

merry-thought: *os furcillatum 
sterni gallinacei. 

meseems: Videor: Vv. METHINKS. 

mesenteric: *mésentéricus: Med. 


t. t. (Kr). 

mesentery: *mésentérium: Med. 
t. t. (Kr.). 

mesh: |, The interstice of a net : 


maciila: a net with large or small m.s, 
rete grandibus, minutis m., Varr. R. R. 3, 
11, med.: Cic.: Plin. (]. The net 
itself: plagu: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 1, 28, 
Tupit plagas, has burst the m.s of the 
hunters: Vv. NET. 

meshy: maculis distinctum [rete]: 
Ov H. 5, 19. 

mesmerise: perh. sopio, 4: v. TO 
LULL. 

mess (subs.) : |. Portion of food: 

1, pars s. portio cibi: cf. Vulg. Gen. 
xliii. 34. 2. démensum (a slaves 
daily allowance): Ter. Ph.1, 1,9. For 
horses, cattle, farrago: V. MASH. I. 
Officers who occupy the same table: perh. 
sddales (in gen., those who sit and feast 
toyether), or contibernales (strictly, sol- 
diers or officers occupying one tent: v. 
Dict. Ant. p. 356): or, *qui contubernio 
consociati sunt (contubernium=te con- 
dition of those who occupy one tent). 
Ill. State of foulness and dirt: 

squalor: v. DIRT. IV. Confusion, 
imbroglio: turba: how am J to get out 
of this m., quomodo me ex hac expe- 
diam turba? ler. Ad. 4, 4,6: so, nullo 
possum remedio me evolvere ex bis 
‘urbis, id. Ph. 5, 4, 5: @ pretty m. I 
have made of it, quantas t. concivi! id. 
Heaut. 5, 2, 17. Phr.: see what a m. 
you have got me into, viden’ me consiliis 
tuis miserum impeditum esse, id. Andr. 
3, 5,11. to get intoam. (stick fast) in 
speaking, haerere in salebra, Cic. Fin. 5, 
28, 84. 


mess (v.): Le. to partake of a 


common table: contubernio uti(?). v. 
mess (11). 

message: 1, nuntius (usn. but 
not aiways including tidings, news) ; 
am. conveyed by ambassadors, \egatorum 
n., Cic. Fam. 12, 24° alsu sometimes 
nuntium~ nova nuntia relerre, Cat. 63, 
75. to send a letter or m. to inform any 
one...., per litteras aut per nuntium 
facere aliquem certivrem, Cic. Att 11, 
25, 3 (where nuntius is strictly the bearer 
of the message) V MESSENGER. i 
mandatum (commission, direction ; how- 
ever conveyed): to convey such a m. to 
any one, mandata ad aliquem perferre, 
Cic. Att. 7,14 See also TIDINGS, NEWS. 

messenger: ], nuntius, 7. -a: to 
send letters and m.s to any one, litteras 
nuntiosque ad aliquem mittere, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 26: Mercury the m. of Jove, 
Mercurius n. Juvis, Pl. Stich. 2, 2, 1. 
Praenuntius, m. to tell of any one’s ap- 
proach: Vv. HARBINGER. Q. tabella- 
rius (letter-carrver): a trusty m. (for 
taking letters), fidelis t, Cic. Att. 1 
13, 1. 

_ Messiah: Messias, ae: Vulg. Joh. 
i. 41. 

Messiahship: expr. by Messias: 
miracles to attest his M., *miracula quae 
testarentur ipsum Messiam esse. 

messmate: sddalis, contibernalis: 





v. MEss (11.). 
metal (subs.): métallum: Virg: 
Hor.: Plin. Phr.: bell-m., *aes cam- 


panarium: road m., *silex, caementa, 
rudera viis sternendis. 

metal (adj.): expr. by aereus, fer- 
reus, aureus, etc.: Vv. BRAZEN, IRON, etc. 

metallic: métallicus: Plin. 34, 18, 
53. Phr.: a m. sound, *sonus parum 
dulcis et quasi ex aere redditus. 

metalliferous: métallifer, éra, trum 
(poet.): Sil.: Stat. M. regions, *terrae 
in quibus aes, ferrum, ceteraque metalla 
effudiuntur. 

metallurgy: *metallurgia; scientia 
metailorum (Kr.). Usu. better expr. by 
circuml.: m. was tntroduced by Lydus, 
a Scythian, ees conflare et temperare 
Lydus Scythes munstravit, Plin. 7, 56, 
57 § 197 (aes was sometimes used for 
unu rought ore generally : Forcell.s. v.): 
cf. id. paulo infr., auri metalli et fla- 
turam Cadmus (invenit). 

metamecrphose: transformo, trans- 
figiro, 1: Vv. TO TRANSFORM. Or expr. 
by muto: cf. Ov. Met. init. 

metamorphosis: expr. by trans- 
formo, transfigiro, mito: to describe 
metamorphoses, in nova mutatas dicere 
formas corpora, Ov. Met. init.: the poet 
of them, qui corpora transfigurat, Stat. 
S. 2, 7, 78. (Metamorphosis, is, 7., only 
in title of Ovid’> poem.) 

metaphor: translatio; quod per 
translationem dicitur: v. FiGore (ILL, 
2); FIGURATIVE. 

metaphorical: translatus: v. F1GU- 
RATIVE. 

metaphorically: per translationem 
Vv. FIGURATIVELY. 

metaphysical : 
Cartes. Princip. pref.: 
Arist. 

metaphysics : *métaphysica, ae: m. 
is the first branch of philosophy, philoso- 

hiae prima pars m. est, Cartes. Ll. c. 
Metaphysica, orum, as the title of a 
work on m.: Arist. edd. 





* métaphysicus : 
r.: Weise, pref. 


mete: métior, 4: Vv. TO MEASURE. 
To m. out, métor, I: V. TO MEASURE 
out (?). 


metempsychosis: métempsfchosis, 
is, f.: Tert. Or by circuml., migratio 
animarum in alia corpora (Kr.): (the 
Druids) teach the doctrive of m. boc 
volunt persuadere, non interire animos 
sed ab aliis post mortem transire ad 
alios, Caes. B. G. 6, 14: ef. Lucr. 1, 117, 
an pecudes alias divinitus insinuet se 
[anima). 

meteor: 1. fax, facis, f.: more 
definitely, fax coelestis, Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 
14. also simply faces, id. Div. 1, 43, 97: 
m.s, only visible when they fall, f. non- 
nisi cum decidunt visae, Plin. 2, 26, 25: 
Liv. 2, globus (appy. a fire-ball). 

aur 


METEORIC 
ae 
Cic. fiv, 1. c. (in coelo animadversi globi). 

8. (?) cémétes, ae, m.: cf. Virg. G. 

I, 488. 

meteoric: Phr.: a m. stone, *lapis 
s. globus coelo delapsus ; qui de coelo 
decidit. Z 

meteorological : 
scient. é. é. 

meteorology: *métedrolégia: scient. 
¢. t. (=rerum coelestium, ventorum tem- 
pestatumque scientia), 

meter: V. METRE. 

methinks: expr. by videor, visus, 
2: m. I see this city sinking in one 
conflagration, videor mibi hance urbem 
videre, uno incendio concidentem, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 6, 11: ef. id. Fam. 4, 4, med., ut 
speciem aliquam viderer videre quasi 
reviviscentis reipublicae: Pl. (Mihi 
videtur = it seems to me: Gr. doxet jor.) 

method: 1. ratio: the old Socratic 
m., vetus et Socratica r. [contra alterius 
opinionem disserendi: the elenchus], Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 4, 8: more precisely, ratio et 
via, id. 2, 2, extr.; via atque ratio, id. 
Verr. Act. 1, 16, 48: v. PLAN. 2. 
via: a twofold m. of teaching, duplex 
v. docendi (included generally under ra- 
tio dicendi), Cic. Or. 32, 114: esp. with 
ratio, v.supr. Phr.: toarrange accord- 
ing to m., disponere, Tac. G. 30: Suet. 
Tib. 11, med.: there was no m. about 
him, nil erat in eo dispositum, nil ordi- 
natum: v. METHODICAL. (N.B.—Me- 
thodos, Aus. Id. 11, 67 =scientific in- 
vestigation; opp. to empiricism.) 

methodical: ratione et via factus 
(of things): v. foll. art. Phr.: a@ m. 
life, vita disposita; vitae genus dis- 
tinetum, (in qua) placida omnia et ordi- 
vata, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, init. (Methodici 
medici = rationales ; opp. to e7recprxow’ 
cf. Cels. pref. med.) 

methodically: 1. ratione et via: 
Cic. Tusce. 2, 2, extr. (philosophari). 2, 
disposité (with orderly arrangement) : 


* métedrolégicus : 


et disposite, Lact. 
Her. 4, 56, fin. 

methodist: *méthodista (qui di- 
citur). 

metonymically: per metonymiam ; 
verbo mutato s. immutato: v. foll. art. 

metonymy: _ 1, métonymia (late): 
Cic. Or. 27, 93: Fest. 2, pure Lat. 
déndminatio: Auct. Her. 4, 32,43. 3, 
immitatio: Cic. Or. 27,94. So, mutata 
vel immutata (verba), instances of m., 
ib. §.92. Phr.: for Africans he uses 
the m. “ Africa,” pro Afris immutat 
Africani, ib. § 93. (N.B.—Metonymia 
is the term best snited for use in critical 
language.) 

metope: métopa: Vitr. 4, 2, 4: pure 
Lat. intertignium, ib. 

metre: 1, metrum: Quint. 9, 4, 
45 and 46 (in the former case, written 
as a Gk. word): composed in the m. of 
Tibullus (cégiae verse), Sie aay me- 
tro Tibulli, Mart. 4, 6: M.L. 
nimérus (measure, rhythm): to write in 
m., numeris nectere verba, Ov. Pont. 4, 2 
30: im grave (heroic) m., gravi n., id. 
Am. 1, I, I. 

metrical: metricus: Quint. 9, 4, 52. 

metrically : *metrica ratione. 

metropolis: 1, caput, itis, 7. 
(principal place): Rome, the m. of the 
world, Roma orbis terrarum c., Liv. 21, 
jo, fin. 2, méetrdpilis, is, f. ‘(strictly, 
mother city of a colony). Cod. Just. 11, 
21 (=chief city of adistrict). 3, urbs, 
urbis, f.: often used of Rome, as the 
city of cities, cf. Quint. 6, 3, 103: Caes.: 
Liv. Later, the chief town in a district, 
Ulp. Dig. 39, 2, 4 $0 f 

metropolitan (adj.). usu. expr. by 
urbs; v. preced. art. (3). Later, metro- 
politanus (relating to the chief city of a 
district), Cod, Just. 11, 21. 


8. ordinate: Auct. 


metrovolitan (subs.): *episcdpus 
metropdlitanus. 
mettle: perh. férdcitas: cf. Cic Off. 


1, 26, 90, equos ferocitate exsultantes : 
also id. Sen. 10, 33, f. juvenum, i.e. high 
spirit, mettle. Sometimes animus may 
serve; cf. Virg. G. 3, 100, sqq. 
mettlesome : 
472 








1, animosus: m. | 


MIDST 


quadrupeds (horses), quadrupedes a., Ov. 
M. 2, 84: Virg. G. 3, 81. 2. généro- 
sus (having good blood) : the colt of m. 
sire, pullus g. pecoris, Virg. G. 3, 75. 
8, férox (of untamed spirit): 

Join: feroces, indomitos [equi], Pl. 
Men. §, 2, 110. 

mettlesomeness : Vv. METTLE. 

mew (subs.): a kind of sea-fowl, 
larus: v, SEA-MEW 

mew (v.): |. To moult. q. v. 

I]. To shut up: inclido, conclido: 

V. TO SHUT UP, IMPRISON. I]. Zo ery 
as acat: perb. quéror, stus, 3 (denoting 
any plaintive cry)- 

mews: stabila, orum: v. STABLE. 

Miasma: halitus noxius et pestilens: 
cf. Plin. 34, 18, 50 (where fumes from a 
lead-furnace are referred to): *ingratus 
et insalubris halitus vel spiritus; odores 
qui aérem inficiunt, Forcell, s. v. aura. 

mica: phengites lapis: Plin. 36, 22, 
46: or perh. lapis specularis may have 
been mica, ib. 45. 

Michaelmas : 
chaélis. 

microcosm: *microcosmus qui di- 
citur. 

microscope: *microscopium: scient. 
t. t. 


microscopic: Pbhr.: m. animals, 
*tanta subtilitate (exiguitate) animal- 
cula ut oculorum aciem fugiant; quae 
non nisi microscopio adhibito conspici 
possunt 

mid (a@dj.): médius: v. MIDDLE (adj.). 
Phr.: in m. air, aérius, sublimis: v. 
LOFTY. 

mid-day (swbs.): méridies, @i, m.; 
meridianum tempus (as a@ period of 
time): Vv. NOON. 

mid-day (adj.): méridianus: a m. 
nap, m. somnus, Vlin. Ep. 9, 40, 2: Cic.: 
V. NOON. 


middle (adj.): médius: of m. age, 


dies festus S. Mi- 


) m. aetatis, Phaedr. 2, 2, 3: the m. por- 
Cie. Verr. 4, 40, extr.- Join: ordinate | 


tion of a line, versus m. pars, Cic. de Or, 
3, 50, init.: v. foll.artt. Phr.: to pur- 
sue am. course, temperamentum tenere, 
Plin. Ep.1,7, 3: comp. medium ferire, Cic. 
Fat. 17, 39: the m. classes, perh. qui 
tenuioris ordivis sunt, ef. Cic. Leg. 3, 
13, 30; or simply, tenuiores, ib. 10, 24: 
cf. id. Mur. 34, ttt. : or, modici homines 
(cf. Tac. A. 1, 73, modici equites). See 
alsO MIDDLING, INTERMEDIATE. 

middle (subs.): |. The central 
position: expr. by médius in agr. (L. G 
§ 341): tn the m. of the forum, in m. 
foro, Cic.: Liv.: also meut. medium oc- 
curs as subs.: in the m. of the house, in 
medio aedium, Liv. 1, 57, jin.: your 
safest path will be in the m., medio 
tutissimus ibis, Ov. M. 2, 137. |]. The 
waist: expr. by médius: to seize any 
one by the m., aliqnem m., arripere, Ter. 
Ad. 3, 2,18: Lucan. 

middle-aged: v. MIDDLE (adj.). 

middling: 1, médiocris, e: m. 
poets, m. poetae, Hor. A. P. 373. O). 
méodicus: @ person of m. stature, m. 
homo, Plin. 14, 1, 3§ 12: of m. (average) 
strength, modicus virium, Vell. 1, 12. 

3. médius (rare in this sense): in 

eloquence, m., eloquentia medius, Vell. 
2, 29: m. fidelity, m. fides, id. 2, 67. 
Phr.: he was of m. height, statura erat 
nec brevi nec quae justam excederet, cf. 
Suet. Aug. 79, fin.; Tib. 68. 

midge: cilex, icis, m. (gen. term) : 
Vv. GNAT, 

midland: méditerraneus: the m. 
districts, m. regiones, Caes. B. G. 5, 12: 
Cic. See also INTERIOR, INLAND. 

midnight (suvbs.): média nox: about 
m., media circiter nocte, Caes. B. G. 5, 
8. also, intempesta nox (dead of night, 
whether exactly midnight or not): Sall. 
Cat. 32. 

midnight (adj.): Phr.: am. meet- 
ing, *coetus qui de media nocte fit: 
m. revels, *nocturnae comissationes: v. 
NIGHTLY. 

midriff: diaphragma, atis, m.; prae- 
cordia, orum: v. DIAPHRAGM. 

midst: expr. by médius: he sat on 
the throne in the m., in solio medius 
consedit, Ov. F. 3, 359: through the m. 











MILD 





| of the flames, medium per ignem, Virg. 


Aen. I1, 787: V. MIDDLE. 

midsummer: media aestas: Cic. 
Man. 12, extr.: also, summa aestas, id, 
Verr. 5, 12, init. Phr. (poet.): at m, 
medio aestu, Virg. G. 1, 297. 

midway (adv.): expr. by médius: 
Megara, a city m. between Corinth and 
Athens, M. media Corintho Athenisque 
urbs, Vell. 1, 2: to pursue a course m. 
between two, medium quendam cursum 
tenere, Cic. Vat. 7, 16: Jreiand, situated 
m. between Britain and Spain, Hibernia, 
medio inter Britanniam atque Hispaniam 
sita, Tac. Agr. 24: v. MIDDLE. See also 
INTERMEDIATE, 

midwife: obstetrix, icis’ Ter. 

midwifery : obstetricia, orum: Plin. 
38, I1, 40 § 140. (As med.¢.t., *ars s. 
medicina obstetricia. ) 

midwinter: brima (the shortest day, 
winter solstice): at m., sub bruma, Caes. 
Bo G5; 13 Cie also, media s. summa 
hiems: v. MIDSUMMER. 

mien: 1, habitus, ts (bearing) : 
in maidenly m. and attire, virgineo h. 
atque vestitu, Cic. Verr. 4, 3, 5: te 
mimic any one’s movement, m., and gatt, 
alicujus motum, h. et incessum imitari, 
Suet. Claud. 4. 2. status, is ( posture, 
manner of standing): with threatening 
m., minaci s., Hor. Od. 3, 4,54. Join: 
habitus vultus et oris, status, motus, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 56. 3. vultus, tis (ex 
pression of features): cf. Hor. Od. 3, 3, 
3, nec vultus instantis tyranni. 

might (swbs.): vis, robur, etc.: v. 
POWER, STRENGTH. Phr.: with all one’s 
m., Summa ope [niti], Sall. Cat. init. ; 
omni vi, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 16, ad fin.; 
more strongly, omnibus viribus atque 
opibus [repugnare ], Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 25: 
with m. and marin, manibus, pedibus, 
obnixe [facere omnia], Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 
134: comp. velis remisque [fugere], Cie. 
Tusc. 3, 11, 25; where it is explained 
by omni contentione, with every possible 
effort. 

might (v.): expr. by poétéram, pos- 
sem, etc.: v, MAY (v.). 

mightily: valdé, magnépéré, ete: 
V. GREATLY, EXCEEDINGLY. 

mighty: podtens, praepétens; validus, 
validissimus : Vv. POWERFUL, STRONG, 
Sometimes magnus: v. GREAT, VAST. 

mignonette: + *réséda ddorata. 

migrate: abeo, 4, ivr: swallows m. 
in the winter months, abeunt hirundines 
hibernis mensibus, Plin. 10, 24, 34 § 70, 
et sqq.: also the act of migration is 
expr. by proficisci, ib. § 58; venire et se 
reterre, ib. 61; commeare, ib. § 63: 
migrare, id. 10, 33, 49 $95, is to forsake 
its nest (of the swallow); but the verb 
is used for to migrate by modern La- 
tinists. 

igration: pérégrinatio: Plin. 10, 
23, 33. Phr.: they agree together on 
the time for m., quando proficiscantur 
consentiunt, id. 10, 23, 30. 

igratory: 1, advéna, ae: m. 
birds, volucres advenae, Varr. R. R. 3, 
5: Plin. 2. expr. by abeo, commeo, 
etc.: geese are also m. birds, simili 
anseres ratione commeant, Plin. 10, 23, 
32; abeunt et (anseres), id. 10, 24, 35. 

milch: Phr.: am. cow, *vacca quae 

lac praebet. 

mild: |. Of physical properties 5 
esp. climate: 1, mitis, e: a m. cli- 
mate, m. coelum, Plin. 15, 18, 19 § 73: 
so, to grow milder, mitescere, mitigari: 
as the winter grew m.er, mitescente jam 
hieme, Liv. 23, 19, init. : cf. mitigato Jam 
et intepescente pristino frigore (of a per- 
manent change in climate), Col. 1, 1, 
ad init. 2. clémens, ntis: cf. Col 
II, 2, inzt., consumpta bruma, jam in- 
tepescit animus, permittitque clementior 
dies (the mer weather) opera moliri 
So, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 5, aestatis mira cle- 
mentia, the summers are remarkably 
m.: V. GENTLE. 3. tépidus (gently 
warm): m. winters, t. brumae, Hor. 

2, 6, 18: so, id. Ep. 1, to, 15, est ubi 
plus tepeant hiemes? is there any place 
where the winters are m.er ? and tepesco, 


| intepesco (to grow mer): cf.supr. 4. 





4 


MILDEW 


températus: sweet shore of m. Formia, 
termperatae dulce Formiae litus, Mart, 
1c, 30, 1. Join: mitis ac temperatus 
fauuus), Col. 3, 20, init. ; V. TEMPERATE, 
*hr.; m. food, cibus lenis s. mollis, 


Cels. 4, 4,4. _ [], Of mental and moral 
qualities: 1, mitis: J never saw any- 


thing so m. and gentle as my brother's 
conduct to your sister, nihil tam vidi 
mite, nihil tam placatum quam meus 
frater erat in sororem tuam, Cic. Att. 5, 
1: m, exile, m. exsilium, Ov. Tr. 2, 185. 
Join: mitis et mansuetus ; mitissimus 
atque lenissimus, Cic. 2. clémens 
(inclining to indulgence; not severe) . 
cf. Cic. Pl 13, 31, clementes judices et 
misericordes: m. chastisement, c. casti- 
gatio, Cic. OfF 1, 38,137: m. servitude, 
justa et c. servitus, Ter. Andr. I, 1, 9. 

3, mansuétus (fame, quiet): a very 
m. disposition, mansuetissimum inge- 
nium, Val. Max. 2, 7, 11: Cic. 4, 
placidus (peaceful, quiet) : Join: cle- 
mens, placidus, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10: V. 


CALM. 5, lenis, e: Vv. GENTLE (iL.), 
throughout. 6, facilis, e (easy-tem- 
pered): V. GOOD-NATURED. Phr.: to 


‘use the mest terms, ut lenissime dicam, 
Cic. Cat. 3, 7, fin. 

mildew (subs.): 1, robigo, inis, 
f. (in corn): Varr. R. R. t, 1, ad init.: 
Plin. 9, miicor: v. MOULD, MOULDI- 
NESS. 3, situs, tis (foulness, mildew, 
etc., contracted by things not used): to 
waste away with m. (of clothes), situ 
dilabi, Gol. 12, 3: Sen. 

mildew (v.): Phr.: to become m.’d, 
mucorem contrahere: v. MOULDY 

mildly ; !éniter, clementer ; in comp. 
and sup. mitius, mitissime: v. GENTLY 

mildness: J. Of climate: cle- 
mentia: Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 5 (aestatis). 
Usu. better expr. by adj.: such is the 
m. of the climate, adeo mite ac temper- 
atum est coelum: v. MILD (L.). th. 
Of disposition, ete, : 1. lénitas: Ter. 
Andr. 1, 2, 4: Cic. 9. mansuetudo: 
Cic.: Caes,; v. GENTLENESS (3). i 
clémentia: v. cLemMENCcy. Or expr. by 
adj.: nothing could exceed the m. of his 
sway, *nihil poterat esse mitius s. cle- 
mentius imperio ejus: v. MILD (I1.). 

mile: 1, mille passuum ; or sim- 
ply mille (about 142 yards less than an 
English mile): to make up @ m., ut m. 
passuum conficiatur, Cic. Att. 4, 16, fin. : 
to be 200 m.s from the capital, ab urbe 
abesse millia passuum CC., id. Sext. 12, 
extr.: we creep along for three m.s, 
millia tria repimus, Hor. S. 1, 5, 25: 
Cic.: Liv, 9, meton., expr. by milli- 
arium, lapis (m.-stone): the plebs tool 
up their position about three m.s (from 
Rome), plebes ad tertium milliarium 
consedit, Cic. Br. 14, 54: by the side of 
the Appian road, about five m.s (from 
Rome), juxta Appiam viam, ad quintum 
lapidem, Nep. Att. extr.: Liv. (N.B.— 
Milliarium and lapis can only be used 
in counting the distance from some 
capital city.) 

mileage : * pretium quod in 
(passuum) millia exigitur. 

milestone: milliarium, lapis: v. 


MILE (2). 
ilfoil ; *achillaea millefolium, Linn. 
militant; *qui militat; bellum gerit, 
etc.: V. WAR, WARFARE. Phr.: the 
church m. and. triumphant, alia ecclesia 
militans, alia triumphans, Helvet. Conf. 


P 


singula 


ESTs 

military (adj): 1, militaris, e: 
m. aliairs, discipline, usage, etc., mM. res 
(stng.), disciplina, usus, ete.: Caes.: Liv. : 
pass.: m. age (age for bearing arms), 
m. aetas, Liv. 25, 5, : am, road, 
m. via [qua traduci possit exercitus }, 
id. 36, 15, fin. Q. bellicus (relating 
to war): to conduct m. affairs, rem b. 
administrare, Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76: m. ex- 
cellence and courage, b. virtus, Cic. Mur. 
10, 22: so belli (depend. gen.) : m. glory, 
belli gloria: v. war. Phr.; m. ser- 
vice, militia. to bear the burden of m. 
service, munus militiae sustinere, Caes. 
B G.6,18. exemption from m. service, 
militiae vacatio, ib. 14. esp. in phr., on 
civil er m. aa et domi et militiae, 


MILLED 





| Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 1343 domi militiaeque, | 


id. Tuse. 5, 19, 55 (or in reversed order): 
| first lessons in m. service, prima cas- 
trorum rudimenta, Tac. Agr. 5. 

military (subs.): milites, militares 
copiae: V. SOLDIFRY. 

militate; Phr.: these things m. 
against us, hae res contra nos faciunt, 
Cic. Quint. init.: law does not m. against 
..-, non adversatur jus quominus..., 
id. Fin. 3, 20, 67: see also UNFAVOUR- 
ABLE, STAND (in the way). 

militia: perh. *copiae provinciales 
(R. and A.); *cives evocati ad domes- 
ticae militiae munus sustinendum. 

milk (subs.): lac, lactis, n.: cous’, 
asses’, mares’ m., lac bubulum, asininum, 
equinum, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, init.: Cic. 
Prov.; to suck in error with one's 
mother’s m., cum 1. nutricis errorem 
sugere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, fin.: « pigeon’ s 
m.,” 1. gallinaceum, Plin. pret. § 24: 
Petr. Of the milky juice of plants, |. 
herbarum, Ov. M. 11, 606: Col. Phr.: 
to twn to m., lactescere, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 
128: to give m., be full of m., lactere, 
Pall. 3, 26 (of plants): esp. in part. 
lactens, Virg. G. 1, 315 (1. frumenta). 
(N.B.—As applied to animals, lactens= 
sucking: q. V.) Curdled m., oxygala, 
ae, f.: Col.: Plin. (=)ac coagulatum, v. 
TO CURDLE). 

milk (v.): 1, mulgeo, si and xi, 
sum and ctum, 2: Virg.: Plin. (omps. 
(1). immulgeo, 2: to m. into, as into a 
vessel: Virg. Aen. It. 572 (immulgens 
ubera labris). (2). émaulgeo, 2 (to m. 
out ¢ rare): Col. 7, 3. med. 2. poet 
sicco, 1: Usu. with dec. ubera: v. TO 
DRAIN. 

milker: expr. by part. of mulgeo: 
cf. L. G. § 638. 

milkiness: lactis s. lactea natura: 
v. MILKY. > 

milking (svbs.): mulctus, iis (rare) : 
Varr. (Or expr. by verb: v. TO MILK.) 

milking-pail: mulctra: Virg. E. 3, 
jo: also newt. mulctrum, Hor. Epod. 16, 
49; and mulctrale, is: Virg. G. 3, 177- 





milkmaid: *puella quae vaccas 
mulget. 
milk-white:; lactens: m. necks (of 


the Gauls), 1. colla, Virg. Aen. 8, 660. 

milky: lacteus. m. fluid (milk), 1. 
humor, Ov. M. 15, 79: Virg- 
way, circus (circulus) s. orbis lacteus, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 16; 1. via, Ov. M. 1, 168. 
Phr.: m. juice, *succus lacti similis, 
lactis speciem praebens. 

milky-way : v. preced. art. 

mill] (subs.): 1, mola: a hand m., 
m. trusatilis, Cato, R. R. 10: Gell.: 
also, m. versatilis, Plin. 36, 18, 29 : later, 
m. manuaria, Javol. Dig. 33, 7, 26: a 
m. worked by a donkey, m. asinaria, ib.: 
a water m, m. aquaria, Pall. 1, 42. 

9, pistrinum (the room or building 
in which corn was ground): to spend 
one’s life in trons, in the m. (common 
punishment of slaves), ferratum in p. 
actatem conterere, Pl. Bac. 4. 5, It: 
Ter.: Cic. Phr.: an ass to turnam., 
asinus molarius, Cato, R. R. 11. 

mill (.): |. To make a raised 
impression round the edge of coins: 
perh, *numos in modum serrae signare. 

I]. Comice, to beat as in a mill: 
perh, pinso, 3: cf. Pl. Mere. 2, 3, 80: Vv. 
TO POUND. 

mill-dam ; *molae agger s. crepido : 
v. DAM (II.). 

mill-hopper: infundibilum : Vitr. 
10, § (10), extr. 

mill-horse: jumentuin molarium ; 
caballus m.: v. MILL (extr.) 

mill-pond: *piscina molaria. 

mill-stone: mola: Vitr. fo, 5 (10), 
fin. (circinatio molarum = revolution of 
the m.s): Vulg. Matt. xviii. 6: @ mill 
consisted of two molae; the upper called 
catillus ; the lower, meta (Kr.). (N.B.— 
molaris [lapis], Plin. 36, 19, 30, is @ 
particular kind of stone: but mularis is 
also used as subs. =a very large stone, 
such as might serve for a mill-stone.) 

milled (part. adj.): serratus: Tac. 
Ger. 5. (Serratos sc. numos, milled 
| coins.) 








| 


The m. | 














MIND 








millennarian (svbs.): milliarius : 
Aug. (Milliarii=Chiliastae, yrAcacrat.) 

millennial: expr. by circuml. vw 
foll. art. 

millennium: milliarium annorum ; 
Aug. or by circuml., mille anni qui in 
Apocalypsi praedicantur. 

miller: 1, mdlitor (one who grinds 
corn): Ulp. 33, 7,12 § 5. 2. molen- 
dinarius (appy. in Eng. sense). Inscr. 
in Forcell. 4g0, A. D. (the trade of miller 
being of late origin). 3, expr. by 
circuml., *qui frementum molendum 
conducit. 

millet; milium: Vir. G. 1, 2163 
Varr.: Col. 

milliner: *auae muliebris vestitus 
ornatusque officinam habet; or perh. 
vestifica, Inscr. in Forcell. 

millinery: *vestitus ornatusque 
muliebris. 

million: decies centena millia: Cie, 
Verr. 2, I, 10, 28: so, two, three ms, 
vicies, tricies centena millia, In ex- 
pressing large sums of money, only the 
numeral adv. need be expressed, decies 
HS. denoting one million ; centies H.S., 
ten million ; etc. (though the full expr. 
may also be used, as in Cie. |. c.). 

millionaire: perh. praedives (homo): 
Juv. 10, 16. (Or circumL., qui divitiis 
abundat, affluit, etc.: v. TO ABOUND.) 

millionth: the m. part, *pars una 
ex decies centenis millibus partium, 

milt; lién, énis, m.: v. SPLEEN. 

mime: mimus (a kind of farce); 
invent (compose) m.s, Mimos commen- 
tari, Cic. Ph. 11, 6, 13: Ov.: also de- 
noting THE PLAYER: 4. Y. 

mimic (adj.): |, Relating to imi- 
tation: Vv. IMITATIVE. ||. Fetgned, 
counterfeit : 1, mimicus (as ma 
pantomime): Petr. 94, extr. (mM. mors). 

9, simulatus: cf. Virg. Aen. 3, 349, 

parvam Trojam, simulataque magnis 
Fergama agnosco (“a mimic Troy”): 
Vv. COUNTERFEIT. 

mimic (subs.): Phr.: fo bea good 
m., *habitus, voces, vultus hominum 
scite imitando exprimere posse; artis 
cujusdam mimicae peritum esse. 


mimic (v.): Vv. TO IMITATE. 
mimicry; *mimica quaedam ars 
facetiaeque. 


minaret: *turris excelsa aedis Ma- 
humetanae. 

mince (¥.): J, concido, di, sum, 
3: more precisely, minute ¢., Col. 12, 
22; minutatim c., ib. 57. 9. conséco, 
1: Varr. R. R. 3, 11, ad fin. (minuta- 
tim consecare): v. TO CUT TO PIECES, 
Phr.: not to m. matters, plane aperte- 
que dicere, Cic. Verr. Act. I, 7, 18: 
without m.ing matters, sine fuco et fal- 
laciis, id. Att. £, 1, tue 

mince (subs.): perh. minutal, alis, 
n.: Juv. 14, 129 (hesternum m., appy 
= hash). 

mince-meat: Phr: & make m. 
of one's enemies, fartum facere ex hosti- 
bus, Pl. Mil. 1, 1, 8 (=ila minutatim 
concidere, ut solent coqui carnes disse- 
care farciminibus faciendis, Forcell.). 

mincing (adj.): Phr.: to articu- 
late one’s letters (and syilables) in am, 
manner, literas putidius exprimere, Cic. 
de Or, 3. 11, 41: V. AFFECTED. 

mincingly : piutide, pitidius: v. 
preced. art. Phr.: to spea ic m., tenero 
supplantare verba palato, Pers. I, 35. 

mind (subs.) : |. The intellectual 
part of man: 1, Animus (most 
general and comprehensive term): our 
entire energy lies in m. and body, nostra 
omnis vis in a. et corpore sita est, Sall. 
Cat. init.: to recal to m., cum a, SU0 
recordari, Cic. Clu. 25, 79. 50, cum animo 
reputare (to think over in one’s ™), 
Sall, Jug. 13, med. : to comprehend (grasp) 
in m. and thought, animo et cogitatione 
comprehendere, Cic. Fl. 27, extr.: V. 
SOUL, FEELING (II., 3). 2, mens, ntis, 
f. (strictly, the intellect as distinguished 
from the emotional nature ; but also 
used so as to include the latter): nothing 
more divine than m., mente nihil di- 
vinius, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44. to be in one's 
right m., mentis compotem esse, Cic. Ph, 
473 


MIND 


MINION 


MINOTAUR 





2, 38, 97° to turn away the eye of the 
m. from visible things, aciem mentis a 
consuetudine oculorum abducere, id N.D. 
2, 17, init. to comprehenu (grasp) with 
the m., mente comprehendere, Cic. (v. TO 


COMPREHEND): to stir up men’s ms to | 


anger, €tc., mentes hominum ad iram in- 


citare, id. de Or. 1,12, 52: [call something | 


to m., in Mentem venit mihi alicujus rei, 
Ter. Ph. 1, 3, 2: Cic. (but the personal 
constr. may also be used, venit haee res 
mihi in mentem L.G § 278, Obs. 5): 
V. INTELLECT. 3, ingénium (natural 
endouments of m.): the powers of the 
m., ingeni opes, Sall. Cat. 1: to allow 
the m. to sink into torpor, i. torpescere 
sinere, id. Jug. 2, fin.: rapidity (of the 
working) of m., ingenii celeritas, Nep. 
Eum. 1. Join. animi atque ingenii 
[motus], Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 113. (Inge 
nium never refers to the emotions.) 
Phr.: to be out of one’s m., furere, 
mente captum esse, insanire (v MAD, 
TO BE): are you in your right m. (“in 
your senses”)? satin’ sauus es? Ter, 
Andr. 4. 4,10. ||, Znclination, liking, 
disposition: Phr.: to my (your, etc.) 
m., eX mea (tua, etc.) sententia, Cic. 
Fam. 2, 7,2: Ter.: also simply, ex sen- 
tentia, Ter. Ad. 3, 3,65 Cic.: J have a 
m. to do something, mibi libet, with 
infin., or neut. pron. as subject: do what- 
ever you have a m. to do, facite quod 
libet, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 34: Cic. (v. To LIKE, 
II.): also, cogito, mihi in animo est (de- 
noting intention): v. TO INTEND. Il. 
Opinion, way of thinking: 1, sensus, 
us: all good citizens were pretty much 
of one m., unum fere s. fuisse bonorum 
omnium, Cic. Fam 1, 9, 4: [won't show 
him my m. at once, non ego illi extem- 
plo meum ostendam s., Pl. Most. 5, 1, 
22. Q. sententia: v. OPINION. Phr.: 
to be of the same m., eadem sentire, Cic. 
Fam. 1,9, 8 |V. Recollection: Phr.: 
to bear in m., meminisse; memoria 
tenere; alicujus rei memorem esse (v. TO 
REMEMBER): to call to m., recordari (v. 
TO RECOLLECT): to pass from the m., 
i.e. be forgotten, effluere ex animo, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 74, 300: see also supr. (I., 2). 

mind (v.): i.e. to altend to: Phr.: 
to m. one’s own business, suum nego- 
tium agere, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 29: more 
strongly, nihil praeter suum negotium 
agere [nihil de alieno anquirere], ib. 1, 
34, 125 (suarum rerum esse, to lool 
after one’s own interests: Liv. 3, 38): 
to m. other people’s business, aliena curare 
fone nihil quae ad te attinent], Ter. 

eaut. 1, 1,24 so, aliena negotia curare, 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 19. See also TO CARE FoR, 
REMEMBER. 

mindful: mémor, dris Gearing in 
mind): m. of his descent and olden 
rank, m. generis pristinaeque dignitatis, 
Sall. Cat. 60, fin.: Caes. foll. by rel. 
clause. m. of the shortness of life, m. 
quam sis aevi brevis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 97: 
absol., @ m. ear, m. auris, Ov. Phr.: 
to bem of: (1). mémini, defect. perf. ; 
réminiscor: v. TO REMFMBER. (2). re- 
spicio, spexi, ctum, 3 (to have regard 
Jor): unless a deity be m. of the com- 
monwealth, nisi deus remp respexerit, 
Cic. Att. 7, 1, 2: be m. of your years, 
respice aetatem tuam, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 87: 
also in unfavourable sense, to be mindful 
of, and punish: Just. 

mine (swhs.): |. For obtaining 
ore: 1. métallum: an old aban- 
doned m., m. antiquum, olim destitutum, 
Sen. Q. N.5, 15.1 cf. Liv 39, 24, init., 
m. vetus intermissu™, i. e. that had not 
been worked for some time. Plr.: to 
sentence to the m.s, ad metalla con- 
demnare, Suet. Cal. 27, med.; in metal- 
Inm damnuare, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8: also, 
dare in metallum, Dig. 9. fddina: 
chiefly in comps. aurifodina, Plin. 33, 4, 
21 § 783 argentifodina, id 33, 6, 31 § 98 
(which may, however, be written as 
separate words). 3, piiteus (the ac/ual 
pit or hole bored): (gold) procured from 
m.s is called canalicium, quod puteis 
foditur canalicium vocant, id. 33, 4, 21 
§ 68. 4. ciinicilus (a burrow or ex- 
cavation made in mining): Plin. 1. c. 


474 


| § 71. to sink ms, cuniculos agere, Sen. 
QIN scons [|]. Military: ctini- 
cuilus to carry am. (under the walls 
of a city), c. occultum agere. Liv. 28, 7, 
med., more fully, c. agere in arcem 
hostium, id. 5, 19, fin.: to take a city 
by a m., cuniculo urbem capere, Curt. 
In modern milit. sense, *cuniculus pul- 
vere nitrato instructus ad moenia dis- 
cutienda s. disjicienda. {JJ. Fig. an 
inexhuustible stvre: nearest word, the- 
saurus cf. Plin. Kp. 1, 22, 2, mihi certe, 
quoties aliquid abdi um quaero, thesau- 
Tus est, “he is a perfect mine of learn- 


” 


ing:” or perh. fons uberrimus (R. 
and A.). 
mine (v.) : |. To dig for metals: 


fodio, effodio, fodi, ssum, 3: Plin. 33, 4, 
Pails |]. In milit. sense: cuniculos 
ago Vv. MINE, subs. (I1.). 

mine (pron.): meus. pass. 

miner: |. One who digs for me- 
tals: métallicus: Plin. 34, 16, 47. Or 
expr. by pres. part. of fodio, effodio: cf. 
L. G. § 638. I]. One engaged in 
milita y mining : 1. ictlari 
Veg. Mil. 2, 11, fin.: Amm. 2, miu- 
nitor: Liv.: v. EXCAVATOR (2). 

mineral (subs ): métallum (used of 
non-metallic substances, as earths, etc.): 
Plin. 18, 11, 29 § 114 (where it denotes 
a kind of clay or chali): Stat. S. 4, 3, 
98 (of marble): Apul. 

mineral (aaj.): métallicus: Plin. 
(cf. preced. art.). Phr.- the island has 
very great (or little) m. wealth, *metal- 
lorum in insula copia plurima (s. ex- 
igua) est: the m. kingdom. perh. quae 
metallico terrenoque genere sunt: v. 
KINGDOM (fin.). 





mineralist, i *metallorum peritus 
mineralogist § (homo). 


mineralogy: *metallorum scientia. 


mingle: |. Trans.: misceo, im- 
misceo, commisceo; confundo: v. To 
MIX, BLEND. |]. Intrans.: expr. 


by verbs under (I.), with pron. refl. ; also 
as pass. refl.: mind m.s with the mighty 
mass, mens magno se corpore miscet, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 727 cf. ib. 1, 440: to m. 
in the fray, sese immiscere armis, ib. 
10, 796: cf. id. G. 1, 454 (immiscerier= 
immiscere se) horse m.ing with foot, 
equites immiscentes se peditibus, Liv. 
31, 35. (the stream) ms with the Sici- 
lian wave, Siculis confunditur undis, 
Virg. Aen. 3. 696 (but confundo oftener 
implies confusion). 

mingling: mixtiira: v. mrxTURE. 

miniature: perh. minuta tabella s. 
pictura. To he a distinguished m.- 
painter, *minuto quodam subtilique pic- 
turae genere excellere: a m. painted on 
@ gem or wwory, *imago in gemma vel 
ebore picta;: he painted only m.s, *hom- 
ines pinxit nec eos nisi tabellis minimis. 
(Pictura minor [R. and A.] in Plin. 35, 
10, 37 § 112, denotes painting of inferior 
subjects: “genre” painting.) Phr.: 
a world in m., *quasi minutus quidam 
mundvs. 

minim: |. 4 note in music: *nota 
musica quae minima dicitur. il. 4 
drop: *minimum: Pharm. 

minimum: expr. by minimus or 
adv. minimum: to gain the greatest re- 
sults with the m. of toil, *maximos fruc- 
tus quam minimo (possis) labore adi- 
pisci: at a m. charge of three denarii, 
*tribus denariis minimum exactis: v. 
LEAST (at), LITTLE. 

mining (subs.): expr. by métallum, 
etiniciilus, ace. to the kind of operation 
meant: to yain wealth by m., ex metal- 
lis s. fodinis exercendis fructus capere, 
ef. Varr. R. R. 1, 2, ad fin.: to recom- 
mence m.-operations, metalla intermissa 
recolere, Liv. 39, 24, init.: to have re- 
course to m., cuniculos agere: Vv. MINE, 
TO MINE. 

minion: 1, cliens, ntis (so used 
in later writers): cf. Tac. A. 2, 55, ad 
Jin., loca eorum clientibus suis vel de- 
terrimo cuique adtribueret: the accusers 
were... (tv0) ms of Sejanus, accusa- 
bant...Sejani clientes, ib. 4, 34. 2. 
émissarius (strictly, one employed se- 
cretly, and esp. for evil purposes): the 








most guilty of all the m.s of Nero, ex 
omnibus N ronis e. rocentissimi, Suet. 
Gal. 15. Join: familiares et emis- 
sarii [Domitiani], id. Domit. 11 Vell. 
See ulso COURTIER, COURT-MINION, FA- 
VOURITE. 
minister (swbs.) : |. Helper, ser- 
vant : minister, tri; f. -tra: v. SERVANT. 
I]. Of state: Phr.- a king’s prin- 
cipal m., (regi~) socius et administer 
omnium consiliorum, Sall. Jug. 29, init. ; 
qui (regis) omnium consiliorum puarti- 
ceps administerque est, cf. Nep. Kum. 1: 
minister et adjutor consiliorum principis 
s. regis, Rubnk. (in Kr.): the queen’s 
M.S, *ii quos penes administrandae rei- 
publicae cura est; qui rempublicam ad- 
ministrant: m. of war, *rebus bellicis 
praepositus' m. of finance, *qui curam 
habet rationum publicarum ; praefectus 
aerarii s. aerario, cf. Tac. 13, 28, extr.: 
a cabinet ™., *interioris consilii publici 
socius 5 qni secretioribus reipublicae con- 
siliis impertitur-: late Lat., consistori- 
anus (usu. in pl), Amm. 15, 5: also 
comes consistorianus, Cod Just. 12, 10; 
or comes consistorii, Imp. Cod. (but such 
a use of comes is unwarranted by good 
usage). [|], 4 preacher, pastor : *verbi 
divini minister (V.D.M.). 
minister (v.): |. To serve: mi- 
nistro, 1 (with dat.): Vulg. pass. : v.To 
WAIT, SERVE, I]. Zo conduce : 1. 
condiico, conféro ete.: v. TO CONDUCE, 
2. servio, 4 (to devote oneself to, 
seek to gratify: with dat.): to m. io 
any one’s advantage, commodis alicujus 
s., Cic. Rep. 1, 4: Caes.: composition 
simply m.s to the pleasurableness of dic- 
tion, compositio tota s. suavitati vocum, 
Cic. Or. 54, extr. 3, prosum, irr. 
(usu. with dat.): v. Goop (to do). 
Phr.: tf it will m. to your pleasure, si 
vobis gratum futurum erit, Cic. Sen. 2, 
Jin.: to m. to any one’s pleasure (in any 
undignified way), lenocinari alicui, id. 
Div. Verr. 15, 48: speech should m. to 
the gratification of the ear, voluptati 
aurium morigerari debet oratio, id. Or. 


48, 159. (N.B.—Not ministro in this 
Sense.) | 
ministerial: |. Belonging to the 


ministry (of state): expr. by circuml. : 
Vv. MINISTER (II.). ||. Relating to the 
religious office: *ad ministerium rerum 
divinarum (sacrarum) pertinens. 
ministering (a4j.): *qui ministrat; 
opem fert miseris: v. TO MINISTER (I.), 
Alp. MM. spirits, spiritus administratorii, 
Vulg. Hebr. i. extr. 
ministration: v. foll. art. 
ministry: |. The act of minis- 
tering or serving: ministratio: Vulg. 
2 Cor. ‘ii. 7, sqq.: or expr. by minister, 
ministro: ef. Virg. Aen. 2, 100, Calchante 
mini- tro, by the m. or agency of (alchas. 
Il. ( lerical office: ministérium » 
Vulg. Eph iv. 12 Ill. The persons 
jointly entrusted with state affairs: *ii 
quibus reipnblicae administratio man-_ 
datur; quibus summa rerum adminis- 
tranda mandatur: ef. Cic. R. Am. 32, 
QI: and see MINISTER (I1.). 
minnow: *pisciculus quidam minu- 
tissimus. 
minor (adj.): Phr.: the m. premiss, 
minor praemissa (sc. propositio): Aldr, 
minor (szbs.): i.e. ( ne under years: 
1, filius (filia) familias: Cic. Coel. 
15, 36. 2. qui nondum justae aetatis 
est, nondum sui juris est; nondum in 
suam tutelam venit, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 
180 v. MAgoriry (II.). Also pupillus, 
pupilla, may freq. serve: v. WARD. 
minorites: monastic order, Fratres 
minores (so named by their founder for 
humility’s sake): Convers. Lex. Insing., 
unus e fratribus minoribus. 
minority: |. Ze smaller number: 
minor pars: cf. MAJORITY. Or expr. by 
pauciores. those who so thought were in 
am, *pauciores erant qui ita censebant, 
I]. Under age: piupillaris aetas (witb 
reference to orphans and wards): Suet 
66, extr. Phr.: he was still in his m. 
nondum sui juris, justae aetatis erat: ¥- 
MAJORITY. 
minotaur: mindtaurus: Virg 





MINSTER 


| URED 6 io 


minster; monastérium: Vv. MONAS- 
TERY. 

minstrel 1° adequate word perh, 
cantor; vates. V SINGER, POET. 

minstrelsy : cantus, concentus (where 
several sung or play together): V. SING- 
ING, MUSIC. 

mint (subs.): |. 4 planw: mentha 
ormenta Ov. Plin. i, Where money 
ts coined: monéta (strictly the goddess, 
Juno Moneta, in whose temple money 
was coined: hence, meton. the concern 
or place of coming money): Amm. 22, 
11: Sidon.: Imp. C dd. cf. Cic. Ph. 7, 
init., de Appia via, et de Moneta Consul 
refert (where prob. the sense is the 
coinage). Hence, monetalis, belonging 
to the m.: &. & triumvirl monetales, 
Pompon. Dig. 1, 2, 2 § 30. Cic.: and 
monetarius Vopise. Aur. 38: Eutrop. 

MI, An abundant supply: Pbur.: @ 

m. of money, *immane quantum pecu- 
niae; incredibilis pecunia. 

mint (v-.): cudo, 3. Vv. TO COIN. 

mint-master: *praefectus monetae. 

minuet: *saltatio quaedam lenta ac 
decora. 

minus: siné: v. WITHOUT. A car 
m. its beam, curtum temone jugum, 
Juv. 10, 135: 10,000 men, Mm. sick and 
wounded, *decem millia hominum, iis 
semotis qui propter aegrotationes ac 
vulnera arma ferre non possunt. 

minute (subs.) : |. Of time: 
*horae pars sexagesima, Phr.: in @ 
m., momento s. puncto temporis: Vv. MO- 
ment. |, -Zn geometry: *gradus pars 
sexagesima ; minuta quae dicitur. (Kr. 
gives scripulum=scrupulum or -us: de- 
noting in general, a very small measure.) 
N.B.— The principal fractions of a de- 
gree or hour may be expr. by semis, 
triens, quadrans, etc. 30, 20, 15 min- 
utes: V. HALF, etc. Ill. Note of pro- 
ceedings: Phr.: ms of proceedings, 
actorum commentarii (Kr.): or simply, 
acta, orum: as 7s stuted in the ms of 
the senate, ut senatus actis continetur, 
Suet. Aug. 5: to male an entry of any- 
thing in the m.s, in tabulas referre, Coel. 
in Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2: to take full ms of 
all the examination, omnia {indicum ] 
dicta, interrogata, responsa perscribere, 
id. Sull. 14, 41. 

minute (a¢j-): |. Very small: 1, 
minitus: m. bony particles (pauxilla 
atque] m. ossa, Lucr. T, 836: m. fabrics, 
m. opuscula, Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 120: Plin. 
Dimin. minutulus: Macr. Phr.: ™. 
philosophers (the Epicureans), ™. phi- 
losophi, Cic. Sen. fin. Q, pisillus: v. 
LITTLE. 3, subtilis, e (fine, thin; 
exceedingly minute) : how m. are the 
germs of all things, exordia rerum cunc- 
tarum quam sint s., Lucr. 4, 113- Join: 
subtilis atque minutus, ib. 126. 5 
parvus, perparvus: V- SMALL. i. 
Exact, particular : 1, subtilis, e: m. 
observation, 8. observatio, Plin. 18, 13, 
35. 9, miniitus: Quint. 8, 6, 28 (mi- 
nutioris curae est). 

minute (v.): in tabulas refero; per- 
scribo: V. MINUTE, subs. (IIL.). 

minute-book : commentarii, acto- 
rum tabulae: v. MINUTE (IL). 

minute - hand : *index sexagesi- 


maria. 
minutely: J, subtiliter (nicely, 
exactly; with exact and full particu- 


affairs, why should 
T write m. (particularly), de republica, 
qnid ego tibi init. 
9, minute examine a question 
m. and carefully, 
et scrupulosius scrutari, Quint. 5, 14, 
Gell. 3, acciirate . V ACCURATELY, 
CAREFULLY 
minuteness : |. Extreme small- 
Ness: ], subniitas (fineness) : ef. 
Plin, 11, init.: also, MINUTE. adj. (2). 
9, exignitas Vv. SMALLNESS. (Or 
expr by adj.. such is the m. of these 
creatures, *adeo haec animalia sunt sub- 
tilia atque minuta. vy. MINUTE, @4).) 
|, Exactness of detail: 1 perh. 
subtilitas cf. MINUTE, adj. (il., 1). 
With greater or too much m., subtilius : 
Vv. MINUTELY. Q, cura (carefulness, 








MISANTHROPIC 


accuracy): cf. Quint. 8, 


cura. 

minutiae: Phr. enter into all 
the m. of a thing, singula exsequi (per- 
sequi), Quint. 8, 6, 283; singula subtilius 
exsequi (V MINUTELY): I jear tt would 
be tedious to enter into all the m. of the 
affair, *vereor ne puudum sit cuncta 
perscribere, quemadmodum gesta sunt. 

minx: perh. mala (with or without 
cf. Pl. Rud. 2, 5, 9 delituit 
, “the little mine has hid herself” 
(playfully): ef. Cat. 55, 10, pessimae 
puellae. An affected m., *odiosa puella 
sibique plus aequo placens. 

miracle: miraculum (anything cal- 
culated to excite wonder): V. WONDER 
(subs.), MARY EL. (N.B. -The terms em- 
ployed in Vulg. to denote the Christian 
ms, are signa, prodigia, virtutes=onpeta, 
tépata, Svvapers” cf. Act. ii. 22, etc. 
but Hier., Angust. and modern writers 
use miracula as gen. term. see Trench, 
N. T. Syn. LL. p. 177-) See also PRODIGY. 

miraculous: nnracalosus: Aug. (if 
used at all, to be confined to theol. 
lang ): or expr. by cireuml., a m. event 
=*quod praeter solitas naturae leges 
fit ; quod miraculi (quod theologi dicunt) 
naturam habet. 

miraculously : +*praeter solitas na- 
turae leges. (Miractilose, Aug.) 

mirage: “aqua miraculosa; simu- 
lacrum; Fata Morgana (quae dicitur) 5 
the above terms corresponding to names 
given to the phenomenon in different 
countries. v. P. Cycl. s. v- 

mire: litum: v. MUD. 

miriness: XPT. by liitum, liteus: 
v. MUD, MUDDY. 

mirror (subs.) : spéculum : Cic.: Hor. 
Fig. in the watery ™, in s. kympha- 
rum, Phaedr. 1, 4, 3° to look into other 
people’s lives as into a m., inspicere tan- 
quam in speculum in vitas omnium, 
‘Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 61- Belonging to &@ ™., 
specularis (rare in this sense): they 
think vision takes place on the principle 
of am, speculari ratione visum effici 
judicant, Sen. N.Q.1,5,9- 4 maker 
of m.s, specularius, Plin. 

mirror (v-): i-&: to reflect as a mirror 
does: expr. by speculum : he saw him- 
self md in the water, lympharum in 
speculo vidit simulacrum suum, Phaedr. 
I, 4: less exactly, the whole life of the 
old (poet) is md (in his writings), 
omnis votiva patet veluti descripta ta- 
bella vita senis (lit. as in a votive 
picture), Hor. S. 2, 1, 33- 

mirth: 1. hilaritas (cheerfulness) : 
usu. denoting disposition rather than 
action of the mind: Join. bhilaritas, 
lascivia, risus, Jocus, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 65; 
hilaritas ac laetitia, id. de Or. 1, 57, 243: 


6, 28, minutior 


























Vv. CHEERFULNESS. Q. laetitia (joy 
expressing ttself freely): to spent a 
whole day in ™., diem perpetuum in lL. 
degere, Ter. Ad. 4, I, 6: ¥. JOY. i 
gaudium: 0 indulge in M™., &. ({atque 
laetitiam] agitare, Sall. Cat. 48: but 
gaudium denotes strictly the internal 
feeling : Cic. 


mirthful : biliris or hilarus: 





Vv. 


CHEERFUL. 

mirthfully : hilaré, biliriter: v. 
CHEERFULLY. 

mirthfulness: V- MIRTH. 

miry : liteus, lutalentus: V. MUDDY, 
DIRTY. 

misadventure: casus3 inforti- 
nium: V MISFORTUNE. 

misalliance : perh. *matrimonium 
impar_ cf. ‘ac. H. 2, 50, maternum 


genus impar. Phr.. the patricians 
looked upon marriages with plebeians 
as m.s, patres contaminari suum san- 
guinem connubio plebis rebantur, ef. 
Liv. 4, init.: to form am. (of a man), 
*uxorem inferiore loco natam ducere 5 
of the woman, *infra se nato viro nubere. 

misanthrope: *au! hominum con- 
gressus fuxit atque odit (R. and A.); 
*homo inhumanus et qui vitar hominum 
congressus. - .quasi genus hominum in- 








fensum habeat (Forcell. s. v. Timon). 


misanthropic : *generis humani | 
contemptor atque Osor . ef. preced. art. 


MISCHIEF 


=e 

misanthropy: in hominum univer- 
sum genus odium Cic. lusc. 4, 11, 253 
bumani generis odium, ib. paulo infr. 

misavply : Abitor; perverse (per- 
peram) utor: v. TO ABUSE. 

misapprehend: ¥- TO MISUNDEK- 
STAND. 

misapprehension: Y:- 
STANDING. 

misbecome: dédécet, 2, impers. (with 
acc.); also parum, minus, minime decet 
cf. Cic. l'usc. 4, 25, init. Also foll. by 
in. if aught be misbecoming in them, si 
quid dedeceat in illis, id. Off. t, 41, 146. 

misbegotten . chiefly as term of 
contempt. perh. abortivus cf. Hor. 8. 
1, 3, 40. See also BASTARD, ILLEGITI- 
MATE (IIL). 

misbehave: Phr.: male s. indecore 
se gerere’ v. TO BEHAVE. 

misbehaviour : *quod contra bonos 
mores fit; quod secus (aliter ac decet) fit. 

miscalculate: ©, fallor (to err, 
be mistaken: q. V.): you greatly ™., 
multum falleris, Phaedr. 1,23,6. Phr.: 
he m.d his own strength, *vires suas in 
majus extollendo per errorerm lapsus est. 

miscalculation: error Vv. MISTAKE. 

miscarriage : |. Jn childbirth : 
abortus, is: / am sorry jor Tertulla’s 
m., Tertullae nollem abortum, Cic. Att 
14, 20,1. to have a m., ab. facere, Plin, 
p. 8, 10, 1: also = to cause m., Plin. 21, 
18, 69 § 116. (Abortio = the causing of 
abortion.) Phr. to seek to bring about 
a.m., niti ut fetus in corpure concepti 
aboriantur, Gell. 12, 1, ad init.: Plin.: 
his wife died from a ™., uxor ejus ex 
collisione abjecti partus decessil, Just. 
Tietz, 0 |], In gen. sense: Vv. 
FAILURE. 

miscarry : , To have a miscar- 
riage: J, expr. by abortus, Us: & g- 
ab. facere, Plin. Ep.: comp. preced, art. 
So, abortivus, that causes women to ™., 
Plin. 7, 6, 5- 9. aicio, jéci, ctum, 3 
(sc. partum) : Ulp. Dig. 9, 2, 27.9 22 
(Also, partum abjicere, cf. preced. art., 
extr.) 3, aborto, TI: Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 
med. (de suibus) : Firmic. (The form 
abortio, Plin. 8, 51,77) 18 rejected by the 
best edd.) Ij. In gen. sense, not to 
succeed: frustra esse, S.ll. Jug. 7, fin. 
(cujus neque consilium neque inceptum 
ullum frustra fuit); secus cedere, ib. 20, 
ad fin.; secus procedere, ib. 25, ad fin.: 
see also TO FalL (LI1.). II]. Of letters, 
parcels, not to arrive at their destina- 
tion: Phr.: if my letters should m., Si 
epistolae nustrae non perlatae sint, Cic. 
Att. 4, 18,1: none of your letters have 
m.d, omnes mibi epistolae tuae redditae 
sunt, ib. 7, 16, init. : I fear your letter 
has m.'d, vereor ne epistola tua in via 
exciderit, cf. ib. 2, 8, I. 

miscellaneous : 1, promiscuus 
(mized without distinction) : to trade in 
cheap, ™. articles, promiscua ac vilia 
mercari, Tac. G. 5, extr.: V- PRE yMIscuoUs, 
INDISCRIMINATE. 9, miscellaneus (¥. 
rare). Apul. 3, miscellus (also rare): 
m. games (with all Icinds of sports), ™. 
judi, Suet. Cal. 20. Join. varia et 
miscella [et quasi confusanea | doctrina, 
Gell. pref. 4, sometimes, varius. 
esp. with some other word: cf. Cic. Or. 
3, 12, multipiices variique sermones 5 
and supr. (3): by itself varius denotes 
variety, not mere ™m iscellan evusness. 

miscellaneously + indistincte atque 
promiscue: Gell. pref. init. See also 
INDISCRIMINATELT. 

miscellany : 1, conjectanea, orum: 
title of numerous vorks of a miscella- 
neous nature: Gell. pref. ad init. 2. 
miscellanea, rum: title of work by 
Ptolemaeus, Tert. 3, farrago, inis, J. 
(a humorous expr.): Jav. 1, 8. 

mischance : infortanium: V. MIS- 
FORTUNE. Plir.- if anym. should hap- 
pen, si quid forte adversi evenerit, Ter. 
Ad. 2, 3, tI4- 


MISUNDEE- 


mischief : |, Harm, loss: incom- 
modum, damnum, etc.. V. DAMAGE, IN- 
gury. Phr.: to see that (a person) 


shall do no m. to 
quid reipublicae nocere 


the state, prospicere ne 
possit, Caes. B. ac 


| 5, 7: so of natural causes: tf the blight 
47 


15 


MISCHIEF-MAKER 


MISGOTTEN 


MISREPRESENT 





or hail has done any m., si urede aut 
grando quippiam nocuit, Cic. N. D. 3, 
35. fin.: what m. a double-tongued man 
often does, quantum homo bilinguis 
saepe concinnat mali, Phaedr. 2, 4, 25: 
so conficere aliquid mali, Ter. Heaut. 5, 
3, 13 excitare, ib. 5, 3, 11. I]. Znten- 
tional injury: maléficium: to refrain 
from doing any m., ab injuria et m. 
temperare, Caes. B. G. 1,7: Liv.: Ter. 
So, to do m., malefacere (or as two words), 
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, extr. Phr.: to con- 
trive m. (destruction) against any one, 
pestem alicui machinari, Cic. N. D. 3, 
26, init.: to do all the m. you can to any 
one, *quibuscunque possis modis alteri 
nocere, obesse, damnum s. malum con- 
cinnare: (cf. supr. I.; and TO INJURE) : 
see what a piece of m. she sets about, 
vide quod inceptet facinus, Ter. Heaut. 
$, 3, 39: to make m. (sow the seeds of 
strife), certamina serere, Liv. 21, 6, init. ; 
causam discordiarum serere inter...., 
Suet. Cal. 26, ad fin. 
mischief-maker: i.e. one who breeds 
quarrels: litis sator: Liv. 21, 6, init. ; 
turbarum sator atque accendere sollers 
invidiam, Sil. 8, 260: cf. Pl. Cap. 3, 5, 3, 
sator sartorque scelerum. In gen. sense, 
auctor mali, malorum: v. AUTHOR. 
mischief-making (svbs.): i. e. caus- 
ing strife: expr. by verb: Vv. MISCHIEF, 
wr. 
mischievous: 1. miléficus, comp. 
-centior, swp. -centissimus (usu. in 
stronger sense, wicked, criminal): anew 
and m. superstition, nova et m. super- 
stitio, Suet. Ner. 16. 9, noxius, noci- 
vus, etc.: Vv. INJURIOUS. 3, impro- 
bus (?): ef. Virg. G. 1, 119. To be m., 
nocere, officere, etc.: v. TO INJURE. 
mischievously: 1, maléfice: Pl. 
9. male et inutiliter: Auct. B. Alex. 


>. 

ischievousness: initilitas: Cic. 
Inv. 2, 26, 77 (facti inutilitas aut turpi- 
tudo): or sometimes, maleficia, injuriae 
(plur. for abstract): cf. L. G. § 59r. 

miusconcelve: V. TO MISUNDERSTAND. 

misconception: V. MISUNDERSTAND- 
ING. 

misconduct (subs.): 1, délictum: 
to be guilty of m., d. in se admittere, 
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 48: consciousness of m., 
delicti conscientia, Sall. Jug. 27: the pl. 
may be used to denote continued or re- 
peated m.. cf. L. G. § 591. So, to be 
guilty of m., delinquere ; absol. or with 
acc. of neut. pron.: if I am guilty of 
any m., si quid deliquero, Cic. Agr. 2, 
36, extr. 2, peccatum: v. FAULT. 
Phr.: to be guilty of some m., aliquid 
in se admittere, Cic. Clu. 60, 167: to call 
(a governor) to account for m. in a pro- 
vince, de repetundis postulare, accusare 
(the term repetundae being made to in- 
clude all illegal conduct of a governor : 
v. Dict. Ant. s. V.): V. EXTORTION. 

misconduct (v.): Phr.: to m. one- 
self, delinquere, delictum in se admit- 
tere, etc.: v. preced. art. 

misconstruction: sinistra interpre- 
tatio (unfavourable construction), Tac. 
Agr. 5, extr.: or expr. by interpretor : 
v. foll. art. 

misconstrue: male (perperam, per- 
verse) interprétor, 1: Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 
7: to m. wilfully, *ultro aliquid in 
deteriorem partem interpretari : cf. also 
‘Tac. A. 1,7, extr., verba, vultus in crimen 
detorquere. 

miscreant: (homo) scélestus, scél- 
ératus: Pl.: Ter.: pass.: the m.! O 
scelestum atque audacem hominem ! 
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 42. Also scelus (stronger 
than adj): where is the m. that has un- 
dome me, ubi est scelus qui me perdidit ? 
it, Andr 3, 5, I. 

misdate (v.): *in epistola falsum 
diem ascribo: v. TO DATE. 

misdeed: délictum, peccatum, etc.: 
V. MISCONDUCT, CRIME. 


misdemeanour: levius delictum: 
¥. MISCONDUCT. 
misdirect: |. Zo direct to a wrong 


place: *(epistolam) perperam inscribo : 

Vv. TO DIRECT (V.). ||. Zo misapply : 

abiitor, male utor, 3: v. TO USE, ABUSE. 
476 





miser : j. varus (covetous, in 
whatsoever degree): the wide difference 
between the saving man and the m., 
quantum discordet parcus avaro, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 2, 194: but in prese, homo should 
be added: cf. L. G. § 339, Obs. 2. OF, 
sordidus (homo): such a m., that..., 
adeo s. ut..., Hor. S. 1, 1,96: cf. Quint. 
6, 13, 26 (pro sordido parcum). (Sor- 
didus indicates the mean, dirty ways of 
the miser; avarus, his eager grasping 
for pelf.) 
miserable: 1. miser, éra, rum 
(most gen. term; wretched or suffering 
in whatever way): Cic.: Virg.: Hor. 
2, aerumnosus (overwhelmed with 
afflictions): Join: aerumnosus, infelix, 
miser, Cic. Par. 2, init.: miser, afflictus, 
aerumnosus, calamitosus, id. Tusc. 4, 38, 
82. (Miserabilis, miserandus=deserving 
of or a fit subject for pity.) See also 
UNHAPPY. Phr.: to make oneself m., 
se cruciare, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15: Pl.: J 
am perfectly m., discrucior animi, Ter. 
Ad. 4, 4, I. 
miserably : 1. miséré: opp. to 
beate, Cic. Fin. 3, 15, 50: comicé, Hor. S. 
I, 9, 8, misere discedere quaerens, m. 
wanting to get quit of him: v. DESPE- 
RATELY. 2. miserandum in modum 
(in a way fit to excite commiseration) : 
Cic. prov. Cons. 3, 5. 
miserliness: sordis,sordes: v. MEAN- 
ness (LII.). 
miserly ;: varus, sordidus, avidus (PI. 
Aul. prol. 9): Vv. MISER. 
misery: 1, miséria (gen. term: 
distressed and suffering condition): to 
be in m., in m. esse, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, extr.: 
to be a burden and a m. (= source of m.) 
to any one, oneri miseriaeque esse, Sall. 
Cat. to: oft. pl. with reference to 
various sources of m.: the m.s tn which 
we have lived for so many yeurs, m. in 
quibus tot annos sersamur, Cic. Fam. 
7, 3,imtt. Join: miseria et aerumna, 
luctus atque miseriae, Sall.: Cic. Oy 
aerumna (a depressing, overwhelming 
affliction): esp. in pl. (ef. L. G. § 591): 
death a respite from m., mors requies 
aerumnarum, Sall. Cat. 51, med.: Cic. 
Fin. 5, 32,95 (miseria atque aerumna). 
3. angor (distressing grief, anguish) : 
to wear a person out with m., aliquem 
angoribus conficere, id. Ph. 2, 15, 37. 
misfortune: 1. adversa fortina; 
or simply fortuna, where the context 
determines the sense (rare) : fortune or 
m. (prosperity or adversity), prospera 
adversave f., Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89 : to mend 
m. by skill, arte emendare f., Hor. S. 2, 
8, 85: v. ADVERSITY. (N.B.—Adversa 
fortuna is not used for a misfortune, 
but in collect. sense.) 2. expr. by 
adversus (without fortuna): if any m. 
should happen, si quid adversi accidisset, 
Nep. Alc. 8: successes or m.s, prospera 
vel a., Tac. Ann. 1, §. Also adversae 
res = adversa fortuna (supr.): Cic. 8, 
infortinium (collog.: not in Cic.): be- 
ware of m., cave infortunio, Pl. Rud. 3, 
5,48: Ter. (This word is chiefly used 
of punishment brought upon a person; 
as in the colloq. expression, to come to 
grief = ferre infortunium, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 
24.) 4. incommédum (an untoward 
event): an unexpected m. occurred, ac- 
cidit repentinum i., Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 
init.: an uninterrupted series of m.s, 
continua i., Caes. B. G. 4, 14, init. 
(N.B.—Caesar is partial to this use of 
the word.) 
misgive: diffido, fisus, 3 (with dat. : 
to be without confidence in any person 
or thing): cf. Cic. Clu. 23, 63, qui sibi ali- 
qua ratione diffideret (who had grounds 
Jor misgiving): but the expr. is stronger 
than the Eng.: perh. minus confido comes 
nearer to it: v. TO TRUST. Phr.: my 
heart m.s me, nescio quid mihi animus 
praesagit mali (lit. [have a presentiment 
of something amiss), Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 7. 
misgiving: Phr.: to have ms, 
diffidere, parum confidere: v. preced. 
art. See also FOREBODING, PRESENTI- 
MENT. 
misgotten: male partus: poet. in 
Cic. Ph. 2, 27, init. 





misgovern: male (inique, superbe} 
rego, administro: Vv. TO GOVERN. 

misgovernment: expr. by verb: 
v. preced. art. 

misguide + V. TO MISLEAD, 

misguided (part. adj.): démens: 
Vv. INFATUATED. 

mishap: incommédum: v. MISFOR- 
TUNE (4). 

misinform: *falsa déceo (R. and A.), 

misinterpret: male (perperam) in- 
terprétor : v. TO MISCONSTRUE. 

misinterpretation:  v. 
STRUCTION. 

misjudge: male s. perperam judico, 
existimo: Vv. TO JUDGE. 

mislay: Phr.: your letter has been 
mislaid, excidit epistola tua de manibus, 
nec usquam comparet: cf. Cic. Att. 2, 8, 
init. ; and Clu. 64, 180. 

mislead: 1. décipio, cépi, cep- 
tum, 3: the ambiguity which misled 
Croesus, illa amphibolia quae Croesum 
decepit, Cic. Div. 2, 56, extr.: we are 
misled by the show of right, decipimur 
specie recti, Hor. A. P. 25: v. TO DE- 
CEIVE. 2. more precisely, expr. by 
error, with various verbs: e. g. [im- 
peritos] in errorem inducere, Cic. Br. 85, 
293; in errorem ducere, Nep. Hann. 9: 
to be misled by popular opinions, vulgi 
opinionibus in errorem rapi, [nec vera 
cernere ], Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 43: to be so far 
misled as to suppose... , hoc errore duci, 
ut quis arbitretur ..., id. Off. 1, 41, 148. 

misleading (adj.): expr. by verb: 
nothing can be more m., nibil aptius 
esse potest ad homines in errorem in- 
ducendos: v. preced. art. 

mismanage: male s. perperam ad- 
ministro, gero: v. TO MANAGE. 

mismanagement: expr. by verb: 
v. preced. art. 

misname: Phr.: to m. a person, 
aliquem falso nomine appellare, I'l. Am. 
2, 2, 1913 alieno nomine appellare, Cie. 
Fam. 9, 22, med. (see the place). 

misnomer: falsum nomen: v. pre- 
ced, art. 

misogamist: *qui abhorret a nup- 
tiis; qui nuptias aspernatur atque aver- 
satur. (Osor, v. rare: Pl. As. 5, 2, 9, 
osor uxoris suae.) 

mysogynist: *qui mulieres odit 
atque aversatur : cf. preced. art. 

misplace: |. Lit.: alieno loco 
pono, colloco: v. TO PLACE. ff, Fig.- 
te fix confidence, etc., on an vmproper 
object: Phr.: confidence in such per- 
sons is m.d, iis male tides habetur, male 
creditur (cf. Virg. E. 3, 95). 

misprint (subs.) : *mendum s. erra- 
tum typographicum; operarum men- 
dum (cf. Cic. Att. 13, 23, librariorum 
menda); vitium typographicum (ef a 
serious nature), Kr.: *sphalma preli. 

misprision: Pbhr.: m. of treason, 
*proditionis s. majestatis (laesae) con- 
scientia: to be liable to such a charge, 
*propter conscientiam sceleris, majes- 
tatis crimine teneri. 

mispronounce: Vitiose s. perperam 
pronuntio: v. TO PRONOUNCE. 

misquote: Phr.: tom. a passage, 
*verba auctoris perperam (minus accu- 
rate) laudare: v. TO QUOTE. 

misquotation: v. preced. art. 

misrepresent: 1, détorqueo, si, 
tum, 2 (to wrest from the natural sense 
or direction: not so in Cic.): tom. and 
cavil at good actions, bene facta d. et 
carpere, Plin. Ep. 1, 8,8: Tac. Join: 
calumniari atque detorquere, Liv. 42, 42, 
med. Q, détraho, xi, ctum, 3 (foll. by 
de: to disparage any one ; speak in such 
a way as to lessen his credit): he does 
not cease to m. me, ille non cessat de me 
d., Cic. Att. 11, 11, extr. 3. obtrecto, 
1 (to assail and find fault with): cf. 
Liv. 45, 37, med., cui nullum probrum 
dicere poterat, ejus obtrectare laudes 
noluit, i. e. to depreciate and find fault 
with his merits. So also, détrecto, 1 (= 
detraho, but constr. with acc.): Liv. : 
Ov. (No one of these exactly represents 
the Eng.; but they may all be used in 
expressing it: V. TO DISPARAGE.) 4, 
dépravo, 1 (to make out a thing to be 


MISCON- 


\ 


, 





MISREPRESENTATION 


MISTAKE 





bad): cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 16, nihil est quin 
male narrando possit depravuarier, 1. e. 
everything is capable of being misrepre- 


sented. 5, calumnior, 1 (to raise ill- 
siatured, unfounvled objections): cl. 
supr. (1). 6, expr. by interprétor, 1 


{/o put a certain construction upon 
anything ; whether outwardly expressed 

r not): to m. everything, in order to 
excite people, *omnia in deteriorem 
partem interpretando, animos hominum 
accendere (ct. Cic. Mur. 31, 65, in mi- 
tiorem partem interpretari; and ‘Tac. 
Agr. 15, init.) : so, *maligne interpretari, 
cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 7, extr.; *depravando 
interpretari, cf. supr. (3). 

misrepresentation: expr. by 
verb: by @ constant course of m., Ca- 
lumniando omnia detorquendoque, Liv. 
42, 42, med., etc.: v. preced. art. (Sinistra 
interpretatio, l'ac. Agr. 5, extr., comes 
very near; but denotes there the im- 
pression formed, not the attempt to dis- 
parage others.) 

misrule: expr. by male administrare, 
rem gerere: V. TO GOVERN. 

Miss (subs.): as title of respect: 
démina (Kr.): v. MISTRESS. 

Miss (subs.): opp. to a hit: perh. 
frustratio: Quint. 2, 20, 3: or expr. by 
verb: v. foll. art. 

miss (v.): |. Not to hit the mark: 
perh. aberro, 1 (Kr.).: more precisely, 
destinato aberrare : or, destinatum non 
ferire, cf. Curt. 7, 5, fin.: also, Hor. A. P. 
350 (non semper feriet, quodcunque 
minabitur[—destinatum] arcus). Some- 
times intercido (to fall between) may 
serve; cf. Liv. 38, 22, ad jin. (quum quo 
plures ac densiores erant, eo minus vani 
quicquam intercideret teli): in same 
sense, frustra mitti, Caes. B. C. 1, 45: 
Vulg. Judic. xx. 16 has, ut capillum 
quoque possent percutere, et nequaquam 
in alteram partem ictus lapidis defer- 
retur. Phr.: without once missing, 
continuo et sine frustratione, Quint. 2, 
20, 3. I]. Zo omit, pass by without 
noticing: praetermitto, 3: v. TO OMIT. 
Phr.: Ihave hardly m.’d attending a 
single (reader), equidem prope nemini 
defui, Plin. Ep. 1, 13,6: to m. an oppor- 
tunity, occasionem amittere (Vv. TO LET 
SLIP), Il. Vo feel the want of: 1, 
desidéro, 1: the longer he is away, the 
more Im. him, quanto diutius abest, 
tanto magis desidero, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 
16: Cic. So expr. by désidérium, with 
a verb: he md his son so dreadfully, 
ita magno desiderio fuit ei filius, ‘Ter. 
Heaut. 4, 4, 5: so, desiderio teneri ali- 
cujus rei, Cic. Sen. 10, 33. See also 
MISSING (adj.). 2, réquiro, quisivi, 
itum, 3 (to look for without finding) : 
to m. the ornaments of peace and the 
resources of war, et pacis ornamenta et 
belli subsidia r., Cic. Man. 2, fin.: Im. 
many whom once I saw, multos requiro 
quos quondam vidi, Ov. M. 7, 515. So 
sometimes quaero: Prop. 1, 17, 18. 

missal: *missale, is, m.: regular 
title of such books. . 

misshapen (part. adj.): 1, de- 
formis, e: to be born m., d. natum esse. 
Cic. Coel. 3,6. Join: prava (al. parva) 
atque deformia [jumenta], Caes. B. G. 
4,2. (Informis, shapeless, without form 
or beauty: ct. Virg. Aen. 3, 658.) A, 
pravus (esp. of parts of the body: de- 
formis describing the whole figure): m. 
ankles, p. tali, Hor. S. 1, 3, 48: Cic. 
8. distortus (as it were, wrenched 
aside from evenness and symmetry) : 
m. legs, d. crura, Hor. S. 1, 3,47. Superl. 
distortissimus (ever so m. and ugly), Cic. 
Mur. 29, 61. As collect. expr., m. figure 
or person, pravitas membrorum, distortio, 
deformitas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 29. 

missile (subs.) : 1, télum: they 
hurled their m.s against our men, t. in 
nostros conjiciebant, Caes. B. G. 1, 26: 
ef. ib. 4, 23 (but telum is a missile in- 
tended to pierce or cut; not merely to 
strike, as a stone): @ cloud of light m.s, 
nubes levium t., Liv.: more precisely, 
missile telum, Liv. 38, 22, ad fin. (vis 
ingens missilium telorum) ; Virg. 9. 
missile, is, m. (strictly adj., with telum 





understwod): to fight with m.s, missili- 
bus pugnare, Liv. 34, 39, it. 
tormentum (discharged by an engine) : 
Caes. B.C. 3, 51, fin.: Plin. 

missile (adj.): missilis, e: Liv.: 

irg.: v. preced, art. 

missing (adj.): Phr.: to be m., 
desiderari: nor was a single article m. 
Jrom the temple, nec quicquam ex fano 
desideratum est, Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 96: 
often used in returns of losses in battle 
or campaigns : not a single ship was m., 
nulla omnino navis desiderabatur, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 23 (but, as applied to troops, 
the term includes killed and wounded 
(Y. TO LOSE]: as distinguished from these, 
the “ missing’”’ may be said, non com- 
parere, non reperiri, not to make their 
appearance or be found). Sometimes, 


in gen. sense, deficere or deesse, may | 


serve ; 
mission: 


V. WANTING (to be). 
|. Sending, delegation : 


légatio (embassy, commission) : to under- | 


take a m., \. suscipere, Caes. B. G. 1, 3: 
v. EMBASSY. (Cf. Warburton’s title, 
Divine Legation, viz. of Moses.) See 
also OFFICE, DUTY, FUNCTION. Il. Spe- 
cially, the propagation of the Gospel in 
heathen lands: expr. by doctrinam 
Christianam propagare (Kr.). 

missionary (swbs.): *qui doctrinam 
Christianam (Evangelii) propagandam 
suscipit; qui Evangelium in alias terras 
defert. 

Missive (swbs.): nuntius; litterarum 
significatio: Cic. Man. 3, 7: V. MESSAGE, 
LETTER. 

misspell : 
peram scribere. 

misspend: 1. perdo, didi, ditum, 
3 (to throw away, waste): cf. Ter. Heaut. 
3, I, 55, Sumat, consumat, perdat (let 
him take, spend, misspend): to m. one’s 
labour, operam p., Cic. Mur. Io, 23. 
Join: profundere et perdere [studium, 
laboremque]}, Cic. Fam. 5, 5, ad fin. 
2. perh. abitor, sus, 3 (with abl.): 
v. TO ABUSE. (But omni tempore abuti, 
in Cic, = to use up all one’s time: v. TO 
USE.) See TO WASTE. 

misstate: parum accurate memoro, 
memini: v. TO RELATE, MENTION. 

misstatement: perh. mendacium : 
which does not necessarily imply wilful 
deception: cf. Nigid. in Gell. «1, 11: 
also Sen. N. Q. 7, 5,1, where mendacia 
= misstatements, errors. Or better, 
(quod) falsum (est) . v. FALSE. 

mist: 1, nébila (most gen. term) : 
m.s do not rise in summer nor in the 
depth of winter, n. nee aestate nec 
maximo frigore exsistunt, Plin. 2, 60, 
61: so, n. surgunt. Lucr. : a denser m., 
rising from the lake, vested on the plain, 
orta ex lacu n. campo densior sederat. 
Liv. 22,4 ad jin. Fig.: them. of error, 
n. erroris, Juv. 10, init. 2. caligo, 
inis, f. (darkness, a mist causing dark- 
ness): a smoky m. exhales, fumida ex- 
halatur c., Plin. 2, 42,42. Fig.: there 
is @ mM. come over my eyes, Mi Ob oculos 
c. obstitit, Pl. Mil. 2, 4, 51: Vv. DARK- 
ness (II. 2). Phr.: to be covered with 
chilly ms, frigidis nebulis caligare, Col. 
I, 5, med. 

mistake (subs.) : 1. erratum, 
error (most gen. terms): ¥. ERROR. 

2. mendum (strictly, a blemish, 
flaw: hence, a blunder, error): m.s of 
transcribers, librariorum menda, Cic 
Att, 13, 23: @ great m., Magnum m., 
ib. 14, 22, jin. Also menda, ae (in same 
sense): Suet. Aug. 87. Jo make am. or | 
m.s, errare, labi, etc.: v.TO EKR. Phr.. 
(to do anything) by m., perperam (= per 
errorem): they had come by m. to our 
camp, p. ad nostra castra venerant, 
Auct. B. Hisp. 12: Pl.: Suet. 

mistake (v.) : |. Trans.: expr. 
by pro, with abl.: he kills the secretary, 
m.ing him for the king, scribam pro rege 
obtruncat, Liv. 2, 12, med.: to m. false- 
hood for truth, falsa pro veris habere : 
v. FOR, prep. ay Also a double acc. 
may be used with such verbs as credo, 
puto: they all mistook him for his 
brother, *omnes fratrem esse credebant 
(where the idea of mistake is of course 


*(verbum, nomen) per- 








MISUNDERSTANDING 





implied only, not expressed). Or expr. 
by interpretor, intelligo, with such advv. 
as perperam (cf. preced, art. fin.), minus 


recte, perverse: V. WRONGLY. il. Refl. 
pass., to be mistaken, i.e. be in error: 
], erro, 1: to be altogether mn as 


to an affair, be mm in the dates of 
things, tota re, temporibus e., Cic. Ph. 2, 

9, fin.: to be much mn, procul errare 
Sal Jug. 85, ad jin.; longe e., Ter. Ad. 
I, I, 40: usu. better, valde e., Cic. de Or. 
2, 19, 83; vehementer e., id. Ac. 2, 32 
103: probe errare (comicé), Pl. Am. 
3, 21: to be entirely m.n, toto (ut arnt} 
coelo errare, Macr. 3, 12, med. 2. 
fallor, falsus, 3: you ave much m.n., 
multum falleris, Phaedr. 1, 23, 6: ef. 
Sall. Jug. 85, ne illi falsi sunt, verily 
they are mn: I may be mm, possum 
falli, Cic. Att. 13, 21, 6. In parenthetical 
phrs., such as, unless J ani m.n., the act. 
voice is often used with pron. refl.: nisi 
me fallit, Cic. Att. 14, 12: Varr. (Ni 
fallor, poet.: Virg. Aen. 5, 49.) 

mistaken (part. adj.): talsus, per- 
versus: V. WRONG. 

mistakenly: perpéram: v. mis- 
TAKE, subs. extr. 


misteach : 
WRONGLY. 


perverse doceo: v 


mistiness: expr. by adj.: v. misty 
mistletoe; viscum : Plin. 16. 44, 
93: Virg. (Viscum album, Linn.) 


mistranslate : perpéram reddo s. 
interpretor : v. TO TRANSLATE. 

mistranslation : v. preced. art. 

mistress: I. The head of a house- 
hold: 1, héra (with ref. to the slaves) ; 
Ter. Ph. 1, 1, 13: Pl. Also = sweet- 
heart : Cat. 68,136. 2, ddmina (often 
simply = hera; but capable of being 
used in wider sense): Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 
57 (= hera): Quint. 5,11, 34. As title 
of an empress: Suet. Cl. 39. Fig.: the 
m. and queen of all the virtues (justice), 
omnium d. et regina virtutum, Vic. Off. 
3, 6,29. 3, materfamilias or -ae (also 
as two words) : strictly = uxor quae in 
manum convenit, Cic. Top. 3, 14 (Dict. 
Ant. 740, b); but) used in wider sense, 
as a respectful designation of a matron: 
cf. Liv, 34, 7, ad init., matrem familiae 
tuam purpureum amiculum habere non 
sines, will you not suffer the m. of 
your household to have a purple mantle ? 

|]. A sweetheart : most treq. puella: 

Cat. 2,1: et pass.: also, domina, Tib. 1, 
1,41; hera, v. supr. (I.,1). Also Venus: 
cf. Hor. Od. 1, 27, 14 (quae te cunque 
domat Venus): Virg. E. 3,68. Or expr. 
by amo: Phyllis is my m.’s name, Phyl- 


lida amo ante alias, ib. 78. Il. A Zepe 
woman : 1, conctibina: the less dis- 
honourable appellation for a pellex 


Dig. 50, 16, 144: Cic. 2, amica: be 
she wife or be she m., si ista uxor sive a, 
est, Ter. Andr. 1, 3, 11: Cie.: Dig. Lc. 
Dimin., amicula, Cic. de Or, 2, 59, 240. 

8, pellex, icis, f. (strictly, the con- 
cubine of a married man: also in wider 
sense): Dig L c. Phr.: to have a 
woman as in., Mulierem in contubernio 
habere, cf. Suet. Vesp. 3, eztr. IV. 
A teacher: migistra: Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 7: 
Cic.: v. TEACHER. 


mistrust (subs.): diffidentia, sus- 


Picio : v. DISTRUST, SUSPICION. 

mistrust (v.): diffido, 3: v. TO prs- 
TRUST. 

mistrustful: diffidens: v. bis- 
TRUSTFUL. 

misty: 1, nébiildsus: m. or cloudy 


| days, dies n. nubilive, Cels. 2, 1, intt.: 
Cie. Join: pena et caliginosum 
[coelum], Cic. Tusc. 1, 25,60. 2, ca- 
ligindsus (murky with mist): ib. 1, 19, 
43 (coelum humidum et c.). In fig. 
sense, Sheenros. ambagibus involutus 
(sermo): Vv. OBSCURE. 
Rinderatanidé minus, haud recte, 
perperam intelligo: v. TO UNDERSTAND 
Phr.: you m. me, haud rem tenes, cf 
Ter. Audr. 2, 2, 12. 
misunderstanding (subs.): 1. 
In gen. sense: error: Vv. ERROR, MIS- 
TAKE. Or by verb: through a m., *re 
minus intellecta: v. preced. art. Some- 
times imprudentia, imprudenter, may 
477 


MISUSE 


MOB 





serve: to do wrong through a m. (not 
wilfully), per imprudentiam peccare : 
V. INADVERTENCE, INADVERTENTLY. ff, 
A difference between friends : 1, of- 
fensio: [did not ‘magine that the m. 
Was sO serious, nec tantum intelligebam 
ei esse offensionis, Civ. Att. 1, 17, 1: cf. 
paulo intr., deponere offensionem. A 
more delicate expr. is incommodum, Cic. 
l.c., hujus incommodi causa, i. e. the 
cause of this m.: cf. ib. paulo supr., 
subesse nescio quid opinionis incommo- 
dae, i.e. he was the victim of some m. 
9. dissidium (stronger than Eng.) : 
Cic. Am. 10, 35 Vv. DISAGREEMENT (L1.). 
misuse (v.): Vv. TO ABUSE, MISSPEND, 
MALTREAT. 
misuse (sbs.): usu. expr. by verb: 
to guard against the m. of a thing, 
*cavere ne quid in pravos usus vertatur : 
that is a m. of the term, *id est verbum 
alieno loco adhibere. See also ABUSE, 
subs. 
mite: |. Te insect: *icarus, Linn. 
(generic term for all such insects: v. 
P.Cycl.s.v.). |, Asmall coin: sextans, 
ntis, m. (1 of an as): the commonalty 
buried him, contributing a m. apiece, 
extulit +um plebs, s. collatis in capita, 
Liv. 2, 33,extr. (The expr. in Vulg. Mar. 
xii. 42. is duo minuta = two small coins.) 
miti ate: 1, mitigo, 1 (to dimi- 
nish the severity of anything: whether 
of bodily or mental sensations): the cold 
becoming m.d, mitigato frigore, Col. 1, 
1, ad init.: to m. hardships, mala, 
labores m., cf. Tac. Ann. 14, 24: to 
m. the severity (of a governor), severi- 
tatem m., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7. a 
mollio, t (to soften: hence fig. to mo- 
derate violence, passion, etc.): they 
should m. their anger, mollirent iras, 
Liv. 1, 9, jin.: to m. a punishment, 
poenam m. (poet.), Ov. Tr. 3, 5, 53. 
3. lenio, 4 (to quiet down, soothe) ; 
ef. Cic. Mur. 31, 65, te ipsum.... dies 
leniet, aetas mitigabit: Sall. Phr.: to 
m. a penalty, aliquid de severitate 
poenae remittere, cf. Cic. Ph. 1, 5, extr. 
see alsO TO LESSEN, ABATE, RELIEVE. 
mitigating (4dj.): Phr.: m cir- 
cumstances, *levamenta; quae doloris 
acerbitatem mitigare s. lenire possunt : 
Vv. TO MITIGATE. 
mitigation: 1, mitigatio: Cic. 
2, lévamentum (anything which 
serves to relieve or mitigate: mitigatio 
is the act of so doing): to operate asa 
m. of sufferings, esse 1. miseriarum, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 53. In same sense, leva- 
men (esp. poet.): Cic.: Virg. Also, 
allevamentum (vy. rare): Cic. Sull. 23, 
extr. (sine ullo remedio atque alleva- 
mento). 3. more freq. expr. by verb: 
to seek the m. of human suffering, *in 
mitigandos hominum dolores miserias- 
que incumbere: to ask a m. of punish- 
ment, *petere ut remittatur aliquid de 
poena: v. TO MITIGATE, 
mitre: mitra (episcopalis): Erasm. 
Encom. Mor. p. 376. (Strictly, a@ kind 
of head-and.) 
mitred; *mitratus (in Prop.=wear- 
ing @ mitra or head-band): mitram 
gerens. 
mitten; no known word: cf. GLOVEs. 
mix: 1, misceo, ui, stum and 
xtum, 2 (in most uses of Eng.) : toll. by 
acc. and abl. : also for abl the dat. (poet.), 
or abl. with cum. to m. poison with an 
antidote, m. antidoto toxicum, Phaedr. 
I, 14, 10: Cic.: Hor.: to m. tears with 
blood, fletum cruori m., Ov. M. 4, 140: 
Hor.: for cum and abl, cf. Cic. Ph. 1. 6, 
init. (ut parentalia cum supplicationibus 
miscereniur, might be mingled with): 
Ov. Pont. 1, 9 20 (cum meis lacrimis 
miscuit suas): but to denote literal mix- 
ing, the abl. alone is preferred. Comps. 
(1) adinisceo, constr. like preced., ex- 
cepting that the dat. after it is used 
in prose as well as verse: a kind of 
root m.’d with milk, genus radicis lacti 
(sed al., lacte) admixtum, Caes. B. C. 3, 
48: to m. up one kind of oratory with 
another, alicui generi orationis alterum 
adm., esas Or. 2, 49, 200: also with in 
4) 


and acc., Plin. 26, 10, 66 (admixtis in 
seminis heminam resinae cochlearibus 
duobus). (2) ¢ mmusceo, 2 (to m. up 
together ; admisceo, to put one thing to 
another); constr. same as simple verb, 
except that cum more freq. follows with 
the abl., and that with the dative it 
occurs rarely if at all: Cato: Cic. (3) 
permisceo, 2 (rare in lit. sense): v. TO 
MINGLE. (4) immisceo, 2 (to mix in 
amongst): v. TO MINGLE. Q, tempéro, 


1 (lo miz fluids, esp. wineand water Jor | 


drinking): to m. vinegur with honey, 
acetum melle t., Plin. 14, 17,21: to m. 
brass (the metals to form it), aes t., id. 7, 
56, 57 § 197: cf. Hor. Od 1, 20, extn. 
(temperare pocula). 3, confundo, 1udi, 
sum, 3 (to mix well toyether ; rare in 
this sense). Hor. S. 2, 4, 67. 

mix up: i.e. to involve in or with: 

1, admisceo, 2. so as not to m. me 

up with (the affair), ne me admisceas, 
Ver. Heaut. 4, 5, 35: v. TO IMPLICATE 
Q). 9, inséro, ui, rtum, 3 (with acc. 
and dat.): to m, up the gous with even 
the most trifling things, minimis etiam 
rebus ins. deos, Liv. 297, 23. imit. See 
also TO INTERFERE. 

mixed (part. adj.): promiscuus (un- 
distinguished); am. multitude, p. mul- 
titudo, Tac. A. 12, 7: v. PROMISCUOUS, 
INDISCRIMINATE, Also poet. mixtus, 
commixtus, predicatively, but not attri- 
butively: v. TO MIX. 


mixedly : promiscué: v. PROMIS- 
cuousty. (Mixtim, v. rare: Lucr.) 
mixture: |. Zhe act or mode of 


mizing: mixtira or misttra: Lucr. : 


Plin. (Osu. better expr. by verb: v. TO 
MIX.) I]. Zhe compound: 1, mix- 
tura: Col. 7, 5, fin.: M. L. 9. com- 


positio (esp. in medical sense): Andrew's 
m., Andreae c., Cels. 6, 6, 16: Col. Ll. c. 
Also compositum medicamentum, Cels. 
lc. § 28. II]. 4A combination of dif- 
Fervent qualities; expr. by mixtus, tem- 
peratus : his character was a wonderful 
m. of vigour and gentleness, esse mores 
ejns vigore ac lenitate mixtissimos, Vell. 
2, 93 (but the superl. is unusual): @ m. 
of severity and affability, severitas co- 
mitate mixta, cf. Plin. Ep 8, 21, init. : 
or perh. better, severitas comitate tem- 
perata, condita, cf. Gierig, adl. Pbhr.: 
by a strange m. of natural qualitics, 
mira diversitate naturae, Tac. Ger. 15: 
this m. of virtues and vices, haec indoles 
virtutum ac vitiorum, Liv. 21, 4, fin. 

mizzle; roro, 1 (only imper's.): Varr.: 
V. TO DRIZZLE. 

mnemonics: ars memoriae, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 86, 351 (Simonidem primum 
ferunt artem memoriae protulisse, p7o- 
pounded a system of m.): Quint. Also, 
artificium memoriae, Auct. Her. 3, 16, 
285 or, artificiosa memoria, ib. (Dis- 
ciplina memoriae, Kr.; but that phr. 
includes the entire discipline of the 
memory.) 

moan (".): gémo, ingémisco: v. TO 
GROAN. 

moin (subs.): gémitus (flebilis, mise- 
rabilis): Vv. GROAN. 

moat: fossa (@ trench, wet or dry): 
V. DITCH, TRENCH. Or perh. euripus (a 
sluice, canal): cf. Suet. Caes. 39, (Circo) 
in gyrum euripo addito, i e. a moat 
being formed round the Circus: Plin. 
min. 

mob (subs.) : 1, turba (any con- 
Fused multitude): the m. of fickle Qui- 
rites, mobilium t. Quiritium, Hor. Od. 
I, 1,7: all the m. of the Circus, omnis 
Circi t., Quint. 1, 6, extr.: v. CROWD. 

2. vulgus, i, 2. (rarely m.): i e. the 

lower orders of society generally: the 
wise man’s judgment differs from that 
of the m., sapientis judicium a judicio 
vulgi discrepat, Cic. Br. 53, 1y8: Hor. : 
ef. Tac. A. 1, 18, init. : V. RABBLE. oO 
promiscua multitudo [eonglobata]: Tac. 
A. 12, 7: also, simply multitudo: v. 
MULTITUDR. 4, globus (a yroup of 
people generally): cf. Liv. 8, 32, med. 
Phr.: to collet a m. of the vilest cha- 
racters, deterrimum quemque congre- 
gare, lac. A. 1, 16. extr.: m.s of people 
roamed about and ravaged the neigh- 





MODEL 





bourhood, vagi (homines) circumjects 


populabantur, ib. 21, init. 

mob (v.): nearest siugle word, cir- 
cumfundor, fisus, 3 (jlock round): he 
was m.’d as he returned home, *domum 
redeunti minaciter circumfusa est mul- 
titudo; circumfusus globus contumelias 
probraque ingerebant (v. TO FLOCK 
ROUND): cf. Liv. 8, 32, med., extrema 
contio et circa Fabium globus increpa. 
bant inclementem dictaturem (R.and A.). 
Phr.: they were m.’d, in eos multitudo 
est versa, minaciter appellantes, et pre- 
bra iis ingerentes, cf. Liv. 2, 23, med 

mobile: mobilis, e: v. riCKLE, Ex 
CITABLE. 

mock (v.): |. Trans.: pil 
lado, si, sum, 3: usu. with dat.: to m. 
this unhappy man’s troubles, hujus miseri 
il. fortunis, Cic. R. Am. 19, 54: they vie 
with each other in m.ing the captive, 
certant il. capto, Virg. Aen. 2, 64: also 
with in and acc.: ‘Ter, Eun. 5, 4, 20 (ut 
ne impune in nos illuseris); Cic. Fig.: 
of that which baulks, disappoints: Virg. 
G. 1, 181 (1um variae illudant pestes, 
mock your toil), Less freq. eludo: Cic. 
AC. 2, 39,123. 2, lidificor, 1 (to play 
off tricks upon, male game of ) : he mocks 
the people with a show of hesitation, 
plebem ficta cnnctatione ludificatur, 
Tac. A. 1, 46: to m. openly, aperte 1., 
Cic. R. Am. 20, 55. The act. form, 
ludifico, also occurs: Cic. Quint. 17, 54, 
latitare et ludificare, to shuffle and play 
tricks. 3. irrideo, si, sum, 2 (to ridt- 
cule, laugh to scorn): with acc.: you 
come on purpose to m. your master, 
venis ultro irrisum dominum, Pl. Am. 
2,1, 43: to m. the gods in jest, per jocum 
deos ir., Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 7. So derideo, 
2: V. TO DERIDE, 4, to be m.’d at, 
esse ludibrio: Liv. 2, 23, med.: v. MOCK- 
ERY. See also TO DISAPPOINT, DELUDE. 

I]. Intrans.: to jest mockingly : 

ludo, 3: Cie. N. D. 3, 1, 2: v. TO JEST. 

mock (adj.): simiilatus, fictus, faca- 
tus: Vv. PRETENDED, FALSE (IL.). 


mocker: 1, irrisor: Cic. Par. 1, 
303: 2, dérisor: Hor. S. 2, 6, 54: 
Suet. (Or expr. by imperf. part. of 


verbs under TO Mock: L. G. § 638.) 

mockery: 1, irrisus, ts; irrisio 
(act of deriding or mocking at): to 
thrust out the tongue in m., linguam ab 
irrisu exserere, Liv. 7, 10, med.: amidst 
the m. (derision) of an audience, cum 
irrisione audientium, Cic. Off. 1, 38. extr. 

2, ludibrium (act of mockery, also 
object of it): in m. of his brother, ludi- 
brio fratris, Liv. 1, 7: im m., per ludi- 
brium, Tac. A.1, 10: Liy.: also ad lu- 
dibrium, Liv. 45, 3: to become an object 
of m., in ora hominum pro Indibrio 
abire, id. 2, 26 med.: in sim. sense, 
Indibrium debere (Gr. yéAwta OdAccr), 
Hor. Od. 1, 14, 16. 3F 
(playing with, making game of): in 
m. of the enemy, per 1. hostis, Liv. 
22, 18, fin. (referring to the tactics of 
Fabius.) 4. caivillatio: in bitter m., 
acerba c. (hominis), Suet. Tib. 57, extr. 
5. dérisus, us: to be an object of 

m., derisui esse, Tac. Agr. 39: Quint. 
Also derisio: Arn.: Lact. 

mocking (subs.): irrisio, etc.: v. 
preced, art. 

mocking (adj.): irrisor, dérisor (cf. 
L. G. § 598): v. MOcKER. Phr.: m. 
cries, irridentium (illudentium) clamor : 
cf. L. G. § 638, Obs. 2. 

_mockingly: per lidibrium, ab ir- 
Tisu: v. MOCKERY. 

mock-sun: imago solis: Sen. N. Q. 
1, 11: where the Gk. term parélion is 
also given: a pair of ms, bina parelia, 
duo tal a simulacra, ib. 13. Cf. N. D, 2, 
5, 14, sol geminatus. 

modal, modality; *médalis, méda- 
litas: as ¢. é. 

mode: mdédus, ratio: v. MANNER. 

model (subs.): i. e. a pattern for 


imitation : 1, proplasma, atis, n. (@@ 
sculptor’s m.): Plin. 35, 12, 45 (opp. to 
the actual works, opera): Cic. writes 


the word as Gk., Att. 12, 41, 3. 2. 
exemplum, exemplar, aris, n. (anything 
employed to copy from or imitate): to 


5 
f 





MODEL 


MODESTLY 





transfer the truth from a living m. to 
the mute representation (of a painter), 
mutum in simulacrum ex animali ex- 
emplo veritatem transferre, Cic. Iny. 2, 
I, 2: our commonwealth being set foith 
as @ m., exposita ad exemplum nostra 
rep., Cic. Rep. 1, 46, fin. So with ex- 
emplar. ex. proponere sibi ad imitan- 
dum, id. Mur. 31, 66 the Greele m.s, 
Graeca exemplaria, Hor. A. P. 268. 3. 
perh. forma. cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, f. rei- 
publicae, aedificii; also Suet. Ner. 16, 
tnit.: but the sense is plan rather than 
model. Also in works of art and craft, 
forma is the mould, not the model: v. 
moutp. (N.B.—Typus [hr.] is the ac- 
tual figure, not the model: in Plin. 35, 
12, 43, the true reading is prostypa, i. e. 
bas-reliefs, not protypa LR. and A.). 
See also PATTERN.) 

model (adj.): Phr.: a m. school, 
*ludus (schola) ad cujus normam ceteri 
sunt instituendi (Kr.): or expr. by ex- 
emplum: *digna quae pro exemplo (ex- 
emplari) habeatur: v. preced. art. 

model (v.): |, Lit.: tom. a statue 
in clay, proplasma (not protypum) ex 
argilla fingere, cf. Plin. 35, 12, 43 and 
45: cf. ib. 44 $153, hominis imaginem 
gypso (in plaster) e facie exprimere, 
ceramque in eam formam infundere: v. 
MODEL. The art of m.ing, plasticé, és: 
Plin. Lc. § 151. |]. In gen. sense - 
expr. by exemplar (exemplum) ad imi- 
tandum proponere, Cic. Mur. 31, 66; or 
by imitari: v. ro muraTe, See also TO 
FASHION, SHAPE. 

modeller; * proplasmatum artifex : 
Vv. MODEL. 

moderate (adj.) : |. Kept within 
due measure, temperate : 1, médi- 
cus: by temperate eating and m. drink- 
tng, temperatis escis modicisque potion- 
ibus, Cic. Div. 1, 51, 115. m. strictness, 
m. severitas, id. Sen. 18, fin.: m. in 
dress, in cultu modicus, Plin. Ep. 1, 
22, 4. (N.B.—Modicus is chiefly used 
of things, moderatus of persons and 
things.) 2, midératus (brought under 
due restraint and control): to bem. in 
both (vespects), in utroque moderatum 
esse, Cic. Ph. 2, 16, 40: a m. style of 
habits and living, moderatus cultus 
atque victus, id. Div. 1, 29, 61: m. ex- 
sitements of mind, moderatae perturba- 
tiones (strictly a contradiction in terms), 
fd. Tusc. 4, 18, 42: m. prices, annona 
moderata, Vell. 3. températus (like 
moderatus: under due control, well- 
regulated): Cic.: Hor.: Vv. TEMPERATE. 
Cf. also supr. (1). 4, moddestus 
(having the passions duly in check; 
hence nearly = virtuous): Join: frugi 
et modestus, Cic. Fam. 13, 70; modestus 
et prudens, ib. 13, 10, med.: v. MODEST, 
VIRTUOUS. Il. Of a middle vate: 

1, médiocris,e: v. MippLInc. Q, 

mddicus: (@ person) of m. means, modi- 
cus facultatibus, Plin. Ep. 6, 32, 2: to 
walk at a m. pace, m. gradu ire, Pl. 
Poen. 3, 1, 19: @ m.-sized body (of his- 
tory), m. corpus, Cic. Fam. 5,12,2. 3. 
ténuis, e (esp. with ref. to jfortune; 
when it denotes a lower scale than me- 
diocris or modicus): people of (but) m. 
means, tenuiores, Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24. 

moderate (v.): |. To render less 
severe : 1, tempéro, 1: the excess of 
heat is m.d by the Etesian winds, Etesi- 
arum flatu nimii temperantur calores, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 131: also, t. modum 
alicujus rei, ib. 2, 19, 49: Plin. a 
mitigo, f: v. TO MITIGATE. Phr.: as 
the cold became more m., mitescente 
hieme, frigore: v. MILD (I.). ETO 
keep under check and control: moddéror, 
tempéro, I (usu. with dat.), coerceo, 2 
(with acc.): Vv. TO CONTROL, RESTRAIN. 
Phr: carefully to m. one’s pleasures, 
diligenter tenere modum fruendae vo- 
luptatis, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106: so, m. re- 
tinere, ib. 29, extr.: also, moderationem 
in aliqua re adhibere, Cels. 3, 18, med.: 
Cic.: Vv. MODERATION, Ill. Zo preside 
over a meeting: praesum, t77.: Vv. TO 
PRESIDE. 

moderately : |. In due measure : 
1, moédératé. Cic.: Caes. Join: placate | 





et moderate [ferre], Cic. Fam. 6, 1, med. ; 
modeste ac moderate [secundis rebus 
utij, Liv. 30, 42, ad fin. 
(without elation or excess of passion): 
to be m. liberal, m. munificum esse, 
Hor. 8. 1, 2, 50: cf. supr.(1.). 3, tem- 
pératé- to be m. warm, t. tepere, Cato, 
R. R. 69° Cic.: v. TEMPERATELY. : 
modicé (in due measure): Cic. Sull. 29, 
init. ||. /n @ medium degree: a 


modicé: m. rich, m. locuples, Liv. 38, | 
2, médiveriter: not | 


14, med. = Cic. 
even am. good spealcer, ne m. quidem 
disertus, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, gt: Caes. 
3. ténuiter (indifferently): Ter. Pb. 
I, 2, 95. 
mediocritas, Cic. Ph. 2, 1, 2 (m. ingenil) : 
Tac. 
moderateness? 1. modus (mea- 
moderation {sure or lim't): to 
observe m. in anything, m. alicujus rei 


within m., m. retinere, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 
extr.: to exceed it, finem et m. transire, 
ib. § 102. 2. modératio (the obser- 
vance of due limits): to use m. in diet, 
m. in cibo adhibere, Cels. 3, 18, med. : 
m. in speech, in dicendo m. modestiaque, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 5, init. Join: muoderatio 
animi et aequitas, ib. Sen. init. 3: 
modestia (sobriety): cf. Auct. Her. 3, 2, 
extr., modestia est in animo continens 
moderatio cupiditatum, i. e. m xleration 
in the exercise of the passioms. Join: 
heque modum neque modestiam [ha- 
bere], Sall. Cat 11. 4, tempérantia 
(self-control) : ¥v. TEMPERANCE. ‘ 
médiocritas (the mean between too much 
and too Little): ct. Cic. Off. 1, 39, 140, est 
adhibendus modus, ad medivcritatem- 
que revocandus: v. MEAN. Phr.: in 
m., mediocriter, modice, moderate (v. 
MODERATELY): 1ithout m., immoderate, 
etc. (Vv. IMMODFRATELY). 

moderator: qui praeest: v. PRE- 
SIDENT. 

modern: récens, ntis: Cic. Mur. 8, 
17, where hi recentes (modern men) are 
opposed to illi antiqui (the ancients): 
in more m. times, recentiore memoria, 
id. N. D. 2, 2,6: m. writers, ingeniosi, 
quos recentior aetas tulit scriptores, 
Ruhbnk. in Kr.: m. history, recentiorum 
temporum historia, .r.: or simply, *re- 
centior historia, opp. to antiqua. Phr.: 
m. languages, linguae quae hodie sunt 
in usu et ore [politissimorum populo- 
rum], Kichst. in Kr.; *quae hodie fe- 
runtur linguae. Sometimes novus may 
serve (v. NEW): and to denote modern 
Latin, Du Cange employs the pbr. in- 
fima Latinitas. (N.B.—Modernus, from 
modo, occurs in Cassiodorus, a writer of 
the 6th cent.; but is by all means to be 
avoided.) 

modernize: Phr.: ad nova exempla 
componere, ad bujus aetatis morem com- 
ponere, R. and A. (e Sen.): *recentioris 
aetatis (recentiorum temporum) normae 
accommodare : v. MODERN. 

modest: |, Moderate: médiocris, 
mddicus: v. MODERATE. Phr.: my m. 
abilities, mediocritas nostra, Vell. 2, 111. 

||. Having a proper sense of shame : 
1, vérécundus : a young man ought 

to be m., decet v. esse adolescentem, PI. 
As. 5, 1, 6: not over m., non nimis v., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 88,361: Hor. 2, ptidens, 
ntis (not to be distinguished from pre- 
ced.): am. and virtuous son, p. et pro- 
bus filius, Cic. Verr. 3, 69, 161: the 
mark of a m. mind, animi p. signum, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 68: Hor. Also pudi- 
bundus (intensive): the m. (and blushing) 
matron, p. matrona, Hor. A. P,233. 8, 
midestus (properly in wider sense, v. 
MODERATE, I|., 4): the sense of shame 
proper toa most m.(and virtuous) youth, 
modestissimi adoléscentuli pudor, Cic. 
Pl. 11, 27. Join: (mulier) pudens, 
modesta (modest and virtuous), Ter. 
Hee. f, 2, 99. 4, piidicus (only with 
ref. to sexual purity): v. CHASTE. 5. 
démissus: v. uNassummc. (N.B.—Of 
the above, pudens alone is capable of 
being used in bad sense: cf. pudens 
prave, Hor. A. P. 88.) 

modestly: 1, vérécundé: Cic.. 


2, modesté ; 


Phr.- m. abilities or skill, | 


MOISTURE 





| Liv. 2 pidenter: Cic. Gell, 
modesté (rare in this seuse): to look-m, 
upon the ground, terram intueri m., Ter, 
Eun. 3, 5, 32: Ov. Her. 19 (20), 53 : 
piidicé: v. CHASTELY. (Cump. MODES®, 
Ts ROUGHOUT.) 

modesty : 1, piidor (sense of 


4, | shame): opp. to petulantia, Cic. Cat, 2, 


11, 25: Sall. 2. vérécundia (almost 
| always in good sense, whereus pudor is 
often simply shame, q v.): «!.Cic. Rep. 5, 
4: m. in aslcing, v. in rogando, id. Y. Fr. 
3. 1, 3. Join: pudor ac verecundia, 
Cic, Fin. 4,7, 18. 3, piidicitia (sexual 
purity): v. cHastiry. Juin: pudor, 
pudicitia, Sall. Cat. 12. 4, ribor, 
| Oris (lit. blushing): lo show one’s proper 
feeling and m., ingenuitatem et r. suum 
pruestare, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, eztr.: Suet. 
Phr.: t lay aside one’s m., os perfricare, 


| Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 41; froniem perfricare, 
tenere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59, 144: to keep 


Mart. 11, 27, 7 (where pudoremque 
ponere is added): in sim. s-nse, frontis 
ad urbanae descendere praemla, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 9, 11: what m. cun that man 
have ? quod tandem estos illius...? Cic. 
de Or. 1, 38, 175 (= quae verecnndia est, 
Liv. 21, 19, ad fin.). Phr.: wth false 
m., prave pudens, Hor A. P. 88. 

modicum: paulum, paulilum: ¥ 
LITTLE (subs.). 

modification: expr. by verb: v. To 
MODIFY. See ulso ALTERATION. 

modify: immito, démito, etc.: vy. 
TO ALTER. 

modifying (adj.): expr. by verb: v. 
TO MODIFY. 

modulate: Phr.: to m. the voice, 
vocem flectere, Quint. 4, 2, 39: ef. id. 
It, 3, 41, sonum pronuntiando flectere. 
(N.B.—Not modulor in this sense: cf. 
Quint. 9, 4, 31, which passage shows that 
it denotes the musical arrangement of 
words, not a manner of speaking them). 

modulation: 1, fiexio: delicate 
ms in singing, molliores (et delica- 
tiores) in cantu fl., Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98. 

Q. flexus (vocis)- Quint. 1, to, 22. 

(Not modulatio: ct. preced. art.) 

Mohammedan: v- MAHOMETAN. 

moiety: dimidia pars; sémis: v. 
HALF. 

moil: v. Tom. 

moist: 1, hiimidus (charged with 
water): m. soil and climate, h. solum 
et coelum, Col. 4, 19: Cic.: Vv. WET, 
WATERY. Someuhat so, subhumidus 
Cels. In same sense, humens (chiefly 
poet.): Ov.: Virg.: Suet. 2. tidus 
(actually wet: cf. Sen. N. Q. 2, 25, bu- 
midae [nubes], immo udae: both this 
and full. word chiefly poet.) : m. Tivoli, 
| u. Tibur, Hor. Od. 3, 2y, 6: a@ m. signet 
u. gemma, Juy. 1, 68 (ie. wetted for 
sealing): Ov. 3. tividus (wet and 
dripping): Pl. Hor.: Ov.: v. DRENCHED, 

4, madidus (soaked, diipping or 

streaming): Cic.: Ov.: Vv. DRENCHED. 
Also madens (in same sense: poet. and 
late): Lucr.: Virg.: Tac. (Both madi- 
dus and madens are also used = soaked, 
intoxicated: cf. Pl. Aul. 3, 6, 37: Suet. 
Cl. 33.) Phr.: to be m., humorem ha- 
bere, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 145 

moisten: ]1, himecto, 1 (found 
chiefly in the poets and later writers). 
to m. the cheeks with tears, lacrimis h 
ora genasque, Lucr. 1, 919: & m. the 
lamb’s mouth by squeezing the breasts, 
os agni papillis pressis h., Col. 7, 3, post 
med, Q, himéfiacio, 3 (v. rare): Lact 
Ir. 10, ad med.: Plin. 3. rigo, 1 (to 
m. plentifully)): v. TO WATER, (Or 
expr. by circumlL., fo m. a ring, annulum 
udum facere, v- MOIST). 4, irroro, 1 
(by gently sprinkling or dropping): to 
m. (a sore) with a sponge or wool, 
spongia vel lana i., Cels. >, 19, ad fin. 
To become m.d, humescere, Virg. G. 3, 
111: Plin. 

moisture: 1, bimor: m. stealing 
over (an object) from without, b. allapsus 
extrinsecus, Cic, Div. 2, 27, 58 of tears, 
Hor. Od. 1, 13, 6; saliva, Ov. M. 6, 354 
(caret os humore loquentis) 2 expr 
hy bimidus the more m. there ts in 
the soil, quanto humidius est sulum, Col 
4,19. esp. as part. gen., not a partick 
479 








MOLAR 


MONEY 





of m., *nibil omnino humidi, ef. L. G. 
¢ 270. 8, ros, roris, m. (a dew-like, 
gently-distilling m.: poet.): m. of tears, 
1. lacrimarum, Ov. M. 14, 708: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 6, 229, spargens rore levi et ramo 
felicis olivae, i. e. with a gentle dewy 
m.: Hor. (N-B.—No such word as hu- 
miditas.) 

molar: (dens) génuinus; miolaris 
V GRINDER (IL.). 

molasses; perh. *sacchari faex 
TREACLE, 

mold: v- MouLp. 

mole: |, A mound or massive 
wor le : 1, moles, is, f. (any massive 
pile): m.s thrown out into the sea, jactae 
in altum m., Hor, Od. 3, 1, 34. often of 
dams, breakwaters: cf. Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14, 
oppositae fluctibus m.: Caes. _Q, pila 
(rare). Virg. Aen. 9, 721. 3, agger: 
Vv. MOUND. []. 4 mark on the body: 
naevus: Cic. N. D. 1, 28, 79: Hor. 
Dimin. naevulus, Gell. Wh. Zhe ani- 
mal: talpa, ae, f. (rarely m., Virg. G. 
I, 183): Cic.: Plin. (Talpa vulgaris, 
Linn.) 

molecule; perb. particula: v. paR- 
TICLE. 

molehill: perh. grumulus talparum ; 
acervus a talpis excitus. Phr.: to make 
mountains of m.s, *omnia in majus ex- 
tollere; vel minimis impedimentis de- 
terreri. 

molest: vexo, 1 (to harass or annoy 
in any way): sollicito, 1 (to disquiet) : 
v. TO HARASS. Not to m., abstinere ab 
..., Liv. 21, 6, med.: also, abstinere in- 
juriam ab..., id. 42, 26, med. 

molestation: vexatio: m. and in- 
sults, v. et contumeliae, Liv. 38, 59, fin. 
Or expr. by verb: v. preced. art. 

mollification: expr. by mollio: v. 
TO MOLLIFY. 

mollify: mollio, 4 (both lit. and 
fig.) to m. anger, iram m., Liv. 1, 9, 
ad fin.: Cie.: Vv. TO SOFTEN, MITIGATE, 
ae in same sense, emollio, 4: Liv.: 

v. 
molten (part. and adj.) : |. Ina 
melted state: 1, liquéfactus: m. lead, 1. 
plumbum, Virg. Aen. 9, 588: m. stones, |. 
saxa, id.G.1,473. 2, liquidus (poet.): 
Hor. Od. 1, 35, 20 (1. plunibum). 3. 
fusilis, e (poet.): Ov. M. 11, 126 (of the 
water which turns to flowing gould as 
Midas drinks it). |], Formed by melt- 
ing or casting: 1, fusilis, e (rare) : 
a m. (image of a) god, f. numen, Prud. 

2, fiisorins (also rare): of m. work, 

f. opere, Vulg. Ex. xxxii. 4. 8. con- 
flatilis, e (also rare): a m. calf, vitulus 
c., Vulg. l.c.: Prud. Or expr. by aeneus, 
aureus, etc.: V, BRAZEN, GOLDEN, etc. 

moment: |. Zmportance: mo- 
mentum: esp. in such phr. as magno, 
maximo m. esse: V, IMPORTANCE (1.). 

Il. A very brief space of time: 1, 

punctum temporis: at the very same m., 
p. temporis eodem, Cic. Sext. 24, 53: im 
am., temporis puncto, Caes. B. C. 2, 25 : 
also puncto horae, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 172. 
(N.B.—Punctum temporis strictly im- 
plies no duration of time at all; whereas 
momentum temporis usu. does.) ON 
momentum (not in Cic.): usu. with 
horae, temporis: % a m., momento tem- 
poris, Liv. 21, 33, med.- horae momento, 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 8: but also simply mo- 
mento, Sen. N. Q. 3, 27, 3 (parvo mo- 
mento, Caes. B. C. 2.6 = by a very short 
interval of time). Phr.: (1). inam., 
i.e. presently, statim, confestim- v. m1- 
MEDIATELY. (2). for a m., a few ms, 
parumper, paullisper: for the difference 
between these, see LITTLE, adj. (Phr.). 
(3). to the m., i.e. the very m., ad 
tempus, Caes. B. G. 4, 23. (4). at thes 
very m., nunc quum maxime (also as one 
word, quummaxime): ‘ler. Ad. 4, I, 2: 
at the very m. of his thus speaking, haec 
quum maxime loqueretur, Cic. Verr. 5, 
54, 142. Sometimes moment = time : 
esp. in such phrr. as a favourable or 
unfavourable m., tempus opportunum, 
adversum ; at so critical a m., tali tem- 
pore; at the very m., ipso tempore: v. 
TIME. 

momentarily: statim, continuo: v. 

480 


Vv. 








IMMEDIATELY, Phr.- Caesar was m. 
expected to arrive, Caesar adventare jam 
jamque adesse credebatur, cf. Caes. B. C. 
1, 14 (the frequent. adventare in part 
expresses the idea, and in part the re- 
peated adverb). 

momentary: brévis, brevissimus: 
V. BRIEF, SHORT. (Momentarius, mo- 
mentaneus, without authority.) More 
precisely, expr. by punctum s. momentum 
temporis: a m. joy, *gaudium quod mo- 
mento s. puncto temporis perit. 

momentous: magni s. maximi mo- 
menti; also simply magnus or maxi- 
mus; Vv. IMPORTANT. 

momentousness: grivitas v. IM- 
PORTANCE. 

momentum: nearest word, impétus, 
ts: cf. Lucr. 4, 904, quantovis impete 
(=impetn) ire (of @ ship): also Caes. 
B. G. 3, 8, in magno impetu maris atque 
aperto. 

monachism: expr. by ménichus: 
a treatise on m., *liber de monachorum 
ordinibus, institutis, moribus scriptus. 
(Monachicus, monachismus, without au- 
thority.) 

monad: monas, adis, f.: Macr. Som. 
Scip. 1, 6: Leibn. 

monarch! rex, princeps* v. KING. 
Sometimes tyrannus (an irresponsible, 
absolute m.) may serve: cf. Ov. M. 1, 
276, where the term is applied to the m. 
of the waters, Neptune: and Hor. Od. 3, 
3, 5, has dua inquieti turbidus Hadriae, 
bowsterous m. of the restless Adriatic 
(Auster). obem.,regnare: v. TO REIGN, 

monarchical : régius: a m. form of 
government, genus reipublicae regium, 
Cic. Rep. 1, 353 1. respublica, ib. 42: 
defined, ib. 26, thus: quum penes unum 
est omnium summa rerum, Regem illum 
unum, vocamus, et regnum ejus rei- 
publicae statum. (Regalis = proper to, 
worthy of a king.) Phr.: they are 
under am. form of government, reg- 
nantur, Tac. Ger. 44 (=regibus parent) : 
unus imperitat (iis), ib. 44. 

monarchy: regnum: Cic.: v. pre- 
ced. art.: more precisely, unius domina- 
tus, id. Rep. 1, 28. Phr.: the original 
form of government was m., principio 
rerum, gentium nationumque imperium 
penes reges erat, Just. 1, imit.: comp. 
preced. art. 

monastery : 1, monastérium : 
Aug.: Hier.: M. L. 2. coendbium 
(Gr. xowoBrov): Hier. Phr.: to enter 
a@ m., *monachis adscribi; inter mona- 
chos adscisci. 

monastic: monastérialis, e: Sid. 
(Or expr. by gen. pl. of monachus, coeno- 
bita, etc. : Vv. MONK, MONASTERY.) 

Monday: *dies lunae. 

money : 1, péciinia (most gen. 
term: denoting either money generally 
or a sum of m.): fatal m. (personified), 
funesta p., Juv. 1, 113: ready m., prae- 
sens p., Pl. Capt. 2, 2,83; also, numerata 
p., Cic. Top. 13, 53: a large sum of m., 
grandis s. magna p., Cic. (v. LARGE, 1, 
2): to make m., p. facere, Cic. Div. 1, 
49, jin. (so, rem facere, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 
65): the pl. denotes sums of m.: to 
exact, levy sums of m., pecunias exigere, 
imperare, Cic. in Pis. 16, 38. 2, 
numus or nummus (strictly, a piece of 
m.,@ coin; but freq. in gen. seuse, esp. 
of ready money): to have plenty of 
(ready) m., in suis n. multis esse (opp. 
to, in aere alieno esse), Cic. Verr. 4, 6, 
11: to have in ready m. (“cash”’), in 
numis habere, id. Att. 8, 10: the value 
of m. fluctuated, jactabatur temporibus 
illis numus, id. Off. 3, 20, 80. (N.B.— 
As numus denotes properly a@ single 
piece of money, grandis numus would 
denote not a large sum of money, but a 
large-sized coin.) 8, monéta (money 
as coined): false or counterfeit m., falsa 
m., Plin. 33, 9, 46: old and new m., m. 
prisca, nova, Oy. F. 1, 222. 4, ar- 
gentum (silver money: also in gen. 
sense): he paid down the m. on the spot, 
a. annumeravit illico, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 15: 
Hor. (N.B.—Not so in common prose.) 

5, aes, aeris, m. (money being ori- 


ginally copper: rare): to buy with one’s | 








MONOLOGUE 


own m., aere emere suo, Ter. Ph. 3, % 
26: also pl. = sums of m., Hor. A. P. 
345. (Not in Cic.; for aes circumfura- 
neum, Att. 2, I, 9,18 a playful expression, 
formed for contrast with aes Corinthium : 
nor in Liv., except in strict sense, the old 
copper coinage.) 6, aurum (poet.). 
Virg.: Hor, 7, prétium (price paid 
down: often in bad sense, @ bribe): to 
buy promises with ready m., spem pretio 
emere, Ter. Ad. 2, 2,11: worth any m., 
quantivis preti, ib. 5, 2, 15: Cic.: v. 
BRIBE. §, sumptus, is (ergense: also, 
money laid out or to be laid out): to 
keep (a son) sparingly supplied with m., 
sumptum exigue praebere, Ter. Heaut. 
I, 2, 33: V. EXPENSE, OUTLAY. Phr.: 
relating to m., pecuniarius, Dumarius: 
questions dealing with m., quaestiones 
pecuniariae, Quint. 12, 1, 26: Cic.: em- 
barrvassment in m. matters, difficultas 
rei numariae, Cic. Verr. 4, 6, 11: Dig.: 
less freq. argentarius (esp. when refer- 
ence is made to banking concerns): care 
tor m-matters, argentaria cura, Ter. Ph. 
5, 6, 46 (5, 7, 3): having (much) m., 
pecuniosus, numatus (v. MONEYED): prov. 
m. makes the man, dat census honores, 
Ov. F. 1, 217: ef. Hor.S. 2, 5, 8, et genus 
et virtus, nisi cum re, vilior alga est: 
that may be had for m., venalis, Sall. 
Jug. 35, extr. 

r money-bag: fiscus: Phaedr.: 2,7, 2: 

ic. 


— broker: V. BANKER. 
changer: nuimilarius: Suet 
Gal.g: Vulg. Joh. ii-14. 

— lender: féuérator: v- UsURER. 
Phr.: to be a m., fenus exercere, Suct. 
Vesp. I. 
making; quaestus, iis: v. GAIN, 
TRAFFIC. 

— market: nimus (meton.): ef. 
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80: v. MONEY (2). See 
also MARKET. 
wort: *nimilaria: Withering. 

moneyed : 1, péciinidsus: a m. 
man, homv pecuniosus, pecuniosissimus, 
Cie. Verr. 5, 9, 23: Suet. 2, (bene) 
num&tus: Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 59: Hor. See 
also RICH. 

moneyless: sine pecunia, inops. 

mongrel: hibrida or hybrida; bige- 
nérus (adj.) : v. HYBRID. 

monition: modnitio, ménitum: v 
ADMONITION. Phr.: the ms we re- 
ceive, ea quae admonemur: v, TO AD- 
MONISH. 

monitor: |, One who points out 
Faults : 1, monitor: Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 
67: more fully, monitor officii, Sall. Jug. 
85, post init.: Ter. 2, perh. adméni- 
tor: cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 8, where adm. de- 
notes a person sent to remind another of 
a@ promise. 3. expr. by verb: listen 
to the vwoice of the inward m., con- 
science, *conscientiae, intus monenti, 
aures praebe. Seealso ADVISER. ff, In 
a school: *monitor (quem ludi magistri 
appellant); discipulus ceteris praepositus. 

monk: 1, ménachus: “the hood 
makes not the m.,” cucullus non facit 
monachum, Prov.: Sid. Q, coendbita, 
ae, m.: Hier. 

monkery: a contemptuous phr.: 
*monachorum nugae. 

monkey: simia, ae, f: Plin. 8, 54, 
80: Cic. As term of contempt, Coel. in 
Cic. Fam. 8, 12, med.: Fl. The form 
simius also occurs, Phaedr. 1, 10,6: Hor. 
(The Gk. dimin. pithecium, i. e. ri; 
kcov, only in Pl. Mil. 4, 1, 42.) 

monkshood: Aconitum : Dr. 
Smith’s Dict. s. v- 

monkish: gen. of ménichus, sug. 
or pl. 

monody: *mdnédia (Gr. porvwédia) - 
amale or female singer of m.s, mono- 
diarius, monodiaria: v. Lat. Dict. s. vv. 

monogamy: mondgamia; Hier. : 
Tert. 

monogram: monogramma, Atis, 7. + 
Paul. Nol. 

monograph: perh. libellus (any 
single treatise or work): more precisely, 
libellus de una quadam re scriptus. 

monologue: ‘*mondligia: or use 
Gk. word, wovodoyta. 











Vv. 





MONOMANIA 





monomania: nearest word insania: 
tehave a m.,*una quadam de re insanire. 
monopolist; mon0pola, ae, m.: 
Capel. (= qui jus monopolii habet). See 
also FORESTALLER. 
monopolize: |, To buy up goods 
so as to cummand the entire market : 
perh. comprimo, 3: Vv. TO FORESTALL 
(il.). = J. 40 exercise w monopoly by 
privilege: monvopolium exercere (R. and 
A.); m. habere (Forc.): v. MONOPOLY. 
Il]. Zo take up the whole of any- 
thing: Phr.: he wishes to m. the 
conversation, *solus audiri vult; quasi 
monopolium quoddam sermonis sibi ar- 
rogat: he does not wish to m. the time, 
*haudquaquam totum sibi tempus con- 
cedi postulat (rem totam sibi vindicare, 
R. and A.). 
monopoly : mondpélium: Suet. Tib. 
30 and 71: Plin. But unless a defined 
privilege be denoted. expr. by phr.: the 
government has a m. of the postal traffic, 
*tabellarius quaestus totus est publicus; 
nemini privato licet quaestum ex re 
tabellaria facere. 
monosyllabic: mondsyilabus: esp. 
neut. pl. monosyllaba, m. words, Quint. 
© 4, 42: Aus. 
monosyllable; mdndésyllabum or 
/on (sc. verbum): Aus. Id. 12: Quint. 
monotheism: expr. by unus Deus: 
v. foll. art. 
monotheist; Phr.: the Jews were 
Jost ms, *Judaei primi Deum unum 
ac solum esse credebant. 
monotone; *moénétonia: Quint. 11, 
3, 45, Vitemus igitur illam, quae Graece 
povorovia dicitur, una quaedam spiritus 
ac soni intentio. 
monotonous: |. Lit., of voices, 
Notes, etc.: *unum sonum habens: Kr. 
Phr.: the m. cooing of doves, *turturum 
gemitus lentus atque aequalis, cf. Liv. 
24,46, fin. |], Fig.: wanting variety: 
Phr.: am. speaker, qui omnia similiter 
ztque uno modo dicit, Cic. Br. 66, 233; 
*cujus oratio lenta ac paene putida 
aequabilitate est. Comp. MONOTONE. 
monotonously ? similiter atque uno 
modo: vy. preced. art. 
monotony: i. e. wearisome simi- 
larity: Phr.: avoid m. of delivery, 
*cave ne omnia quasi uno tenore pronun- 
tientur: there is a m. about his poetry, 
*carmina ejus nimis lenta aequabilitate 
fluunt, cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53 (ingrato quo- 
dam tenore fluunt, Kr.: better perh., 
nimis aequabili tenore laborant) ; *desi- 
deratur in carminibus ejus grata quae- 
dam varietas, Kr. See also MONOTONE. 
monsoons: no known word: perh. 
*venti (quidam) semestri tempore al- 
ternantes, qui Monsones appellantur. 
monster: |. 4n animal unna- 
turally formed: partus portentdsus, 
monstrosus, prodigiosus: cf. Cic. Div. 2, 
28, init. si quando aliqua portentosa aut 
ex pecude aut ex homine nata dicuntur : 
also Lucan. 1, 562, monstrosi hominum 
partus numeroque modoque membro- 
rum~ and Quint. 1, 1, 2, corpora prodi- 
giosa et monstris insignia. (The phr. 
udum hominumque portenta, Cic. 
. D. 2, 5, 14, is too general ; as it would 
include such phenomena as an ox speak- 
ing, etc.) |]. Any horrible creature : 
1, monstrum: Virg. Aen. 3, 658 (cf 
Polyphemus): a m. of a man (term of 
abuse), m. hominis, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 29: 
a most horrible and shocking m. (abuse), 
immanissimum ac foedissimum m., Cic. 
in Pis. 14, init. 2, portentum: in lit. 
sense, Hor. Od. 1, 22, 13 (the wolf): 
Fig.: ms of the commonwealth, por- 
tenta reipublicae (Gabinius et Piso), Cic. 
proy. Cons. 1, 2. 8, prodigium (less 
fre. in this sense): the threefold m. 
(Geryon), p. triplex, Ov. H. 9, 91: cf. 
infr. Join: portentum prodigiumque 
reipublicae (Clodius), Cic. in Pis. 4, 9. 
4, bélua (bellua): any huge mon- 
strous creature: of. Ov. M. 13, 917, non 
ego prodigium, nec sum fera belua 
(Glaucus to Galatea): a fierce and 
Savage m., fera et immanis b., Cic. Ac. 
2 34, 108 so, b. vasta et immanis, id. 
Div. 1, 25,49. Fig.. a@ m. of cruelty, 


MOODY 





immanis b., id. Verr. 5, 42,109. Abound- 
ing in m.s, beluosus (Oceanus), Hor. Od. 
+ 14 47- ; 

monstrosity; monstrum, etc.; v. 
MONSTER. 

monstrous: |. dfisshapen and 
unnatural: monstrosus (monstrudsus), 
portentésus, prodigidsus: Vv. MONSTER 
(1.) |]. Revolting to reason: porten- 
tOsus (rare in this sense)- what can be 
more m. than this (statement), quo quid 


fieri portentosius potest? Sen. Ep. 87, 19. | 


Phr.: for it is m. to assert, nam illud 
vehementer rectae rationi repugnat, cf. 
Cic. Fin. 5, 26, 77: what so m. can be 
said or conceived, quid tam perversum 
(praeposterumve] dici, aut excogitari 
potest, id. Rab. Post. 13, 37. 
monstrously; 1. monstrosé (mon- 
strudsé): Join: tam praepostere, tam 
incondite, tam monstrose [cogitare ], Cic. 
Div, 2, Ee 146. 2. prodigialiter : 
Hor, A. P. 29 (prodigiose, Plin. 11, 37, 
80 = in the way of a portent). 3. 
praepostére (lit. hindforemost) : ¥. supr. 
(1). Sometimes = exceedingly, imcre- 
dibly: q. v. 
monstrousness: expr. by adj.: 
what can exceed the m. of this statement, 
quo quid magis praeposterum dici po- 
test ? V. MONSTROUS. 
month: 1, mensis, is m.: pass. 
2. menstruum (a monthly period, 
whether beginning with the first day of 
the month or not): my m. ends Sept. 1, ™. 
meum Kal. Sept. finitur, Plin. Ep. 10, 12 
(24) 13: he continues, et sequens mensis 
(i.e. Septembris) complures dies feriatos 
habet. Lasting one m., menstruus (cf. 
supr.) : in the space of a m., spatio men- 
struo, Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87. Hence, 
menstruum (subs.), a m.’s provisions 
(= menstrua cibaria), Liv. 44, 2. Last- 
ing six m.s, semestris, e: Cic.: Caes. : 
Liv. 
monthly (adj): 1, menstruus 
(either, occurring every month ; or, 
lasting a month): m. interest, m. usura, 
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: eclipses of the sun and 
muon are not m., detectus solis et lunae 
m.non sunt, Plin. 2, 10,7 § 48. (For latter 
sense, lasting a month, Vv. MONTH.) 
Specially, menstrua, orum, m. purga- 
tions or courses, Plin.: Cels.: Vv. MENSES. 
2. menstrualis, e (rare): Pl. Cap. 
3, 1, 22 (m. epulae). 3. expr. by 
mensis: to hold m. meetings, *singulis 
mensibus coetus habere. 
monthly (adv.): singulis mensibus - 
comp. DAILY (adv. 
monument: 1, mdniimentum 
(anything which serves to preserve the 
memory of a person or event): esp. with 
ref. to sepulchres: cf. Varr. L. L. 6, 6, 45: 
am. more lasting than brass, m. aere 
perennius, Hor. Od. 3, 30,1: cf. Cic. Sext. 
67, init., L. Opimius, cojus monumentum 
celeberrimum in foro est, with Long’s 
note. 2. céndtaphium (an empty 
sepulchral m.): Ulp. Dig. 11, 7, 6 § 1. 
3. mausoléum (the splendid sepul- 
chral m. raised by Mausolus: hence, 
any splendid tomb): Plin. 36, 5, 4 § 30: 
Suet. Vesp. 23. See also MEMORIAL. 
monumental: expr. by ménimen- 
tum: Vv. MONUMENT. 
mood: |. Frame of mind (Germ. 
muth): expr by animus, mens, some- 
times with habitus. such was the m. in 
which people were at Rome, hic quidem 
Romae habitus animorum fuit, Tac. A. 
1, 8, init.: cf. ib. 4, init. repetendum 
videtur ... quae mens exercituum, quis 
habitus provinciarum fuit. May oft. be 
expr. by adj.: im merry m., hilaris, 
laetus, laetabundus ; in melancholy m., 
tristis, aeger animi, etc.: Vv. TEMPER, 
MIND. Il. Jn grammar: médus : 
Prisc.: M. L. Il]. J logic: modus: 
Aldrich. 
moodiness: mordositas, tristitia: v. 
PEEVISHNESS, ILL-TEMPER. 
moody ; 1, perh. mordsus (way- 
ward, hard to please): cf. Cic. Sen. 18, 
65, morosi et anxii et iracundi et diffi- 
ciles senes: V. PEEVISH, MOROSE. > 
tristis, e (melancholy, gloomy):  v. 
GLOOMY, 
21 





MORAL 


ae 2 eee 


moon: luna: full m., 1. plena, Caes, 
B.G. 4,29: Plin.: Virg. : half m., |. dimi- 
diata, Cato, R. R. 37; 1 dimidia, Plin. 
18, 32, 755 1. intermenstrua, id. 18, 32, 
15: new m., |, nova, Plin. 8, §4, 80 (comp 
Cato, R. R. 29, luna silenti, i.e. when 
there is no m., before the crescent ap- 
pears): Varr. R. R. 1, 37 (not 1. prima, 
see the place): when the m. is waxing 
or waning, luna crescente, decrescente, 
Plin. 18, 32, 75: Col. 2, 15 and 16: for 
decrescens, also senescens, Varr. R. R. 
1, 37: the hollow (or horned) m., |. cava, 
Plin. 8, §4, 70: curvata in cornua, ib. 2, 
9, 6: corniculata, Apul. de Deo Socr., 
tnit.: gibbous m., 1. protumida, Apul. 
1. c.5 also, (?) sinuata in orbem, Plin. 2, 
9, 6: the m. when shining all night, 1. 
pernox, Plin. 1. c.: the m. shines with 
borrowed light, 1. lucet aliena luce, Cie. 
Rep. 6,16; mutuata ab sole luce fulget, 
Plin. L. c. § 45: the (alternate) inci ease 
and diminution of the m.s light, aecretio 
et deminutio luminis (lunae), Cic. Tuse. 
I, 28, 68: Nenophanes says the m. is 
inhabited, habitari ait X. in luna, id. 
Ac. 2, 39,123. Phr.: the period between 
two m.s (when the m. is not visible), 
intermenstruum tempus (or without 
tempus), Cic. Rep. 1, 16: also, inter- 
lunium, Plin. 18, 32, 75: the period of 
full m., plenilunium, ib. § 323: a night 
when there ts no m., Dox illunis, Plin. Ep. 
6, 20, 14: of the shape of a m. (crescent), 
lunatus : Vv. CRESCENT-SHAPED. 

moonless: illiinis, e: v. soon (fin.). 

moonlight (subs.): lunae lumen 
(lux): ef. Gc. Tuse. 1, 28, 68. Usu. in 
phr., by m., imminente luna, Hor. Od. 1, 
4, 5; ad lunam, Virg. Aen. 4, 513: ef. 
ib. 6, 270, per incertam lunam (sub luce 
malignaj, 1. e. by the fitful moonlight : 
or expr. by luceo, fulgeo (the latter de- 
noting a full flood of light: ’twas m. 
with a cloudless sky, coelo fulgebat luna 
sereno, Hor. Epod. 15, 1. 

moonlight (a4j.): *(nox) luna illus- 
tris: Vv. LIGHT, adj. Phr.: it was a 
full m. night, luna pernox erat, Liv. 5, 
28, med. 

moonshine: i.e. something decep- 
tive: perh. somnium: cf. Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 
50, de argento, sumnium, as for (paying) 
the money, that’s all moonshine! cf. id. 
Ph. 3, 2, 8, sqq. fabulae! somnia! logi! 
See also NONSENSE. 

moonstruck: ltnaticus (rare): v. 
LUNATIC. 

moor (subs.): i. e. an open waste: 
*loca patentia et ericis ceterisque herbis 
obsita. 

moor (v.): i. e. to make fast a vessel 
or floating body: 1. réligo, 1. to m. 
ships by the shore, naves ad terram rel., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 15: so, rel. ab aggere 
classem, Virg. Aen. 7, 106: Hor. 9. 
deéligo, 1: to m. vessels by anchors, naves 
ad ancoras d., Caes. B. G. 4, 29: so, ad 
terram, ad ripam r., id. B. C. 3, 39, etc 
(Religare should not be used to denote 
mooring a vessel or other body to the 
bed of the water, which is deligo.) 

moor-hen:: fiilica: Virg. G. 1, 363 
(also fulex, icis, Cic. Div 1, 8, 14 poet.). 

moorings: Pbhr.: to shi/t one’s m., 
ancoras tollere (to weigh anchor), cf. 
Varr. R. R. 3, 19, init., where the phr. 
is used fig. 

moorland: Y. oor (subs.). 

moot-point: Phr.: i is stilla m., 
adhuc sub judice lis est, Hor. A. P. 78 
or simply, ambigitur, Quint. 7, 2,75 in 
controversiam venit, ib. § 8. 

mop (subs.): perh. pénicilus (strictly, 
a brush): cf. Pl. Men. 1, 1, 1, juventus 
nomen fecit mihi Peniculo, ideo quia 
mensam detergeo: or, spongia (sponges 
being used for similar purposes): Vv. 
SPONGE. 

mop (v.): d&tergeo, 2 (to sweep or 
wipe clean): cf. preced. art. > 

mope: Pbhr.: lacrimis ac tristitiae 
se tradere, Lucc. in Cic. Fam. 5, 14 (not 
collog., as Eng.). 

moping (part. adj.)- tristis, moes- 
tus: Vv. GLOOMY, SAD, 

moral (adj.): |, Relating tomorals 
or ethics: €thicus, mOralis; v. ETHICal. 

481 


MORAL 


MORE 


MORNING 





{{. Conformed to what is right : 

1, sanctus (of irreproachable cha- 
racter): (persons) of highly m. and 
conscientious nature, natura sancti et 
tetigiosi, Cic. R. Com. 15, 44. Join 
frugalissimi, sanctissimi, id. Fl. 29, 715 
neque integrior neque sanctior, id. Off. 
I, 53, 229. 2. prébus: v. UPRIGHT. 
3. béné (mélius, optimé) moratus 

19@f good m. character): Join. probi, 
me morati, boni viri, Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 
extr 4, émendatus (free from ble- 
mish): an wreproachably m. and ele- 
vated chai acter, vir emendatus et gravis, 
Plin. Ep. 3. 3, 5. @ person of more m. 
life, homo eraendatioris vitae, Ulp. Dig. 
4,3,11. Phr. (@ person) of a good m. 
character, cujus probartur mores, insti- 
tuta et vita, Cic. lc. init. See also 
VIRTUOUS. Ill. Supported by reason- 
able grounds, as opp. to demonstrable : 
Phr it amounts to a m. certainty, 
*verisimillimum est; tantum non ne- 


cessario demoustratur: v. PROBABLE, 
NECESSARY 
moral (subs.). |, Drift, application 


of afuable: expr. by significare, pertinere, 
etc.. the m. of this fable is that ...., 
haec significat fabula...., Phaedr. 2, 8, 
27° what is the m. of this story, hoc quo 
pertineat, id. 3,1, the m. of this jable 
is, ‘handsome is that handsome does,’ 
nihil agere quod non prosit fabella ad- 
monet, id. 3, 19, 13. so with docere, 
demonstrare, id. See also LESSON. Il. 
Only pl., morals, as a domain of human 
life : 1, mores, um, m.: what avail 
laws, powerless without m.s, quid leges 
sine moribus vanae proficiunt ? Hor. Od. 
3, 24, 35: to treat of human life (cha- 
racter) and m.s, de hominum vita et 
moribus disputare, Cic. Br. 8. 31 (v, 
CHARACTER) : under pretence of reform- 
ing (public) m.s, specie morum corri- 
gendorum, Suet. Tib. 5g: the supervision 
of m.s, praciectura morum, id, Caes. 765 
also, morum regimen, id. Aug. 27, fin. 
See also etHics, (N.B—Mores form 
the subject matter of the science called 
ethice or philosophia moralis.) 2A. 
officium (moral duty): esp. pl.: what 
they have written on the subject of m.s, 
quae de officiis tradita ab illis et prae- 
cepta sunt, Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4: comp. title 
of Cic.’s work, De Officiis: no precepts 
tn the field of m.s (duty, moral obliga- 
tion), nulla officii praecepta, id. 1, 2, 5. 

moralist: qui de moribus (officiis) 
praecepta tradit: cf. MORAL, subs. (1L.). 
Or perh. officii magister, cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 
36, init.; and sometimes, emendator 
(one bent on reforming morals, etc.), 
cf. ib. 17, jin. 

moralize: de vita, moribus, officiis 
praecipere, disserere: Vv. MORAL, subs. 
CI.). Pbhr.: don’t m., *ne officii ma- 
gistrum agas. 

morally: |. In a moral point of 
view : expr. by mores: whilst our friends 
should be m. free from blemish, quum 
emendati mores amicorum sint, Cic. 
Am. 17, init.: or by adj., a m. irre- 
proachable character, vir sanctissimus, 
religiosissimus : Vv, MORAL, adj. (LI.). 
Phr: he has treated the subject m. 
rather than historically, *magis id egit, 
ut praecepta vitae ac morum traderet 
quam ut historiam conderet. I]. i 
away agreeable to morals: 1, sancté: 
V. IRREPROACHABLY. 9. perh. Emen- 
daté : cf. MoraL, adj. (II., 4). See also 
VIRTUOUSLY Ill. According to rea- 
sonable grounds of conclusion: Phr.: 
it is m. certain, *tantum non (= all but) 
necessario concluditur ; paene neces- 
sarla sequitur conclnsio: cf. Cic. Top. 
15, extr., et sqq. 

morass; palis, idis, /.: v. MARSH. 

morbid: morbidus, morbodsus: v. 
DISEASED. (N.B.—The preced. not used 
in mental sense.) Phr. i 1s a mark 
of the most m. fastidiousness, est fas- 
tidii delicatissimi, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 5 (but 
fastidium alone, denotes a@ morbid habit 
of mind): a m. excess of grief, *immo- 
dicus moeror ac luctus et qui mentem 
Baud bene sanam arguat. 

morbidly; Phr.. m. particular, 

482 





morosus, Cic. Or. 29, 104 (cf. Suet. Caes. 
45, circa corporis Curam morosior) to 
grieve m., *tanquam vix mentis compos 
lugere cf. preced. art. 

morbidness. Phr. there is a m. 
about this, *sunt haec mentis haud bene 
sanae; mentem male affectam arguunt. 

morbific 1, morbidus Lucr. 6, 
1223 9. morbifer oy morbiférus ‘v. 
rare) Paul. Nol. 


mordant “id quo color impressus 
firmus redditur. f 
more (adj.): 1. plus, pliris, 7.; 


pl. plires, a (the sing. plus is used as 
subs., esp. with part. gen., the pl., as 
other adjectt. of number). and what is 
m., (being) Romans, et quod plus est, 
Romaui, Liv. 9, 24, med.: Cic.: to have 
m. money, m. strength, etc, plus pe- 
cuniae, virium habere, Cie. pass.: the 
sing. is sometimes used with ref. to 
numbers he had no m. than 30 of his 
Friends with him, non plus habuit secum 
{quam ] triginta de suis, Nep. Thras. 2. 
The pl. occurs in sense of more (as 
strict compar. to multi, cf. Cic. Man. 7, 
19, non possunt.. . muléi rem atque 
fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum 
in eandem calamitatem trahant, i. e. 
without involving still more, ete.); or 
more freq. =a considerable number : 
V. SEVERAL, Note also the use of newt. 
pl. plura, pluribus, with ellipsis of verba, 
verbis~ though I would fain write m., 
plura quum scribere vellem, Sall. Cat. 
35, jin.: to pursue at m. length, pluribus 
exsequi, Phardr. 3, 10, extr. Dimin. 
plusculus (@ little move): to use rather 
m. salt, plusculo sale uti, Col. 12, 50, 
med.: Ter. (N.B—Plus is often an 
adv. in Latin, where the corresponding 
word in Eng. is regarded as an adj.: 
Lam aware that a wumber of colours 
appear, and that there is really not 
m. than one, sentio plures videri co- 
lores, nec esse plus uno, Cic. Ac. 2, 
25, 79: so in phr., plus minusve, more 
or less = thereabouts: Auct. B. G. 8, 
20.) 2, amplius, indecl. (denoting 
greater extent of space or time; also 
number) ; a space of not m. than 600 Jt., 
Spatium, quod est non a. pedum Dc, 
Caes. B.G 1, 38: for m. than four hours, 
a. qnattuor horis, ib. 4, 37: m. than a 
hundred Roman citizens knew him, eam 
a. centum cives Romani cognoverunt, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5,14. (N.B.—Plus, am- 
plius, minus, are often used adverbially 
with numeral adjectives, without effect- 
ing any change in their syntactical con- 
struction. L.G. § 349.) 3, ultra, adv. 
and prep. (to denote excess above a 
certain limit): m. than enough, ultra 
quam satis est, Cic. Inv. 1, 49, intt.: 
rather m. than that number, paulo u. 
eum numerum, Auct. B. Alex. 21: m. 
than is right, u. fas, Hor.: v BEYOND. 
4. supra (like preced.; but more 
freq. as prep): m. than 20,000 were 
slain, caesa s. millia viginti, Liv. 30, 35: 
Vv. ABOVE(prep.). Pbr.: with m. eager- 
ness than discretion, avidius quam con- 
sultius (L. G. § 549): may more, immo, 
immo vero: cf. Ter, Andr. 4, I, 31 and 
49 (immo etiam ,...): ef, id. Eun. 2, 3, 
37 (immo enimvero, infeliciter, nay, 
more than that, unluckily): also Cic. 
Cat. 1, 1, 2, Vivit?—immo vero etiam in 
Senatum venit, Lives ?—Nay more, he 
actually appears in the Senate (cf. Dr. 
Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v. immo): in some- 
what similar use, (atque) adeo: v. IN- 
DEED (L., 2). 
more (as subs.): plus: v. MORE, adj. 
more (adv.): |. -In higher degree : 
(i.) before adjj. or advv., expr. by 
compar. degree, or in the case of adjj. in 
-ius by magis: see the several adjj. 4. or 
less ..., Magis minusve (with posit. 
adj.), Quint. 11, 1,27. (ii) before other 
parts of speech : 1. magis (not neces- 
sarily implying the applicability of the 
predicate, in the case with which com- 
parison is made, in any degree at all): 
they had conquered m. by skill and 
strategy than valour, m. ratione et con- 
silio quam virtute vicisse, Caes. B. G. 
I, 40, med.: cf, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15, 








magis facilitate quam alia culps mea: 
v RATHER. Note specially the pnrr. 
magis et (ac) magis, magis magixque, 
more and more (denoting continual in- 
crease); non magis quam, no more than 
(often =just as little as): I think of 
Greece m. and m. every day, de Graecia 
quotidie m. et m. cogito, Cic. Att. 14, 18, 
fin.. so, quotidie magis magisque mi- 
nari, id. Phil. 1, 2, 5 Caius would no 
m. become emperor, than ...,, non m, 
Caium imperaturum, quam...., Suet. 
Cal. 19, extr.: Cic.  Q, plus (denoting 
comparison of the degree to which any- 
thing exists vy may be predicated): 
whether letter or spirit should weigh m., 
verbane plus an sententia valere debeat, 
Cic. Top. 25, 96: I love Pompey m. and 
m. every duy, Pompeium plus plusque 
in dies diligu, Cic, Att. 6, 2,6. Also, in 
cormparison by means of numeral advv.: 
not m. than once, non plus quam semel, 
Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61: or without quam. 
more than a thousand times, plus millies: 
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32. [|]. J addition: 
1, amplius: (this) he claims back, 
nothing m., (hoc) repetit, nihil a., Cic. 
Verr. 5, 49, intt.: Ov. Q, ultra: not to 
look for anything m., nil ultra requirere, 
Cic. Tim. 3. Also ulterius (poet.): he 
could bear it no m., non tulit ulterius, 
Ov. M. 3, 487. 3, supra (poet.): Zask 
the gods for nothing m., nihil s. deos 
lacesso, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 11. 
moreover: 1, praetérea (besides): 
in the first place....thenm....+., pYi- 
mum....tum praeterea..., Ter. Ad, 
3, 2, 47: cf. also Cic. Cat. 4, 9,18: Sall. 
2. ultro (denoting something that 
might not have been expected: not only 
so, but more than that): he concealed his 
Sellow-citizens, and m. paid their ex- 
penses, celavit suos cives, ultroque tis 
sumptum intulit, Cic, Pl. 19, 45 cf. Caes. 
B. G. 5, 28, primum hostium impetum, 
multis ultro vulneribus illatis sustinu- 
erunt, i.e. they not only withstood the 
attucc, but m. managed to deal many 
wounds: Liv. 3. instper (over and 
above; an expr. denoting climax: not 
in Cic.): cf. Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 38, etiam in- 
super defrudat? does he moreover want 
to cheat me out of my money (= into 
the bargain)? Liv.: Virg. (who has it 
simply = praeterea, Aen. 2, 593). So 
also super (poet.): Virg. Aen. 2, 71: Ov. 
4, ad hoe (like praeterea): cf. Sall. 
Cat. rr, med., where it is used so as to 
avoid the repetition of praeterea: Liv. 
6, 11, med. The use ot adbuc in this 
sense is rare, but it is read in Cic. Fam, 
16, 11, med. 5, expr. by accédit, acs 
cédébat: cf. Sall. Cat. 11, med., bue 
accedebat, quod.... (with indic.), ta 
this was added (the fact) that = more- 
over: also, Cic. Alt. 13, 21, ext7., accedit 
quod .... patrem amo, moreover I love 
(his) father : Caes.: Liv. 
morganatic: Phr.: to contract a 
Mm. marriage, accipere uxorem ad mor- 
ganaticam, Lib. Feud. 2, 29. 
moribund: moribundus (at the point 
of death: Cic. Sext. 39. 85: Liv. (Not 
used fig.) See also HALF-DEAD. 
morn: poet. for morning (q. v.): 
Aurora: Virg. G. 4, 544 (nona A.). 
morning (subs.): 1, mane, indecl. 
neut.: only in nom. acc. and abl. (last 
most freq.: very early in the m., multe 
m., Cic. Att. 5, 4, 1: to sleep all the m., 
totum m. dormire, Mart. 1, 49, 36: from 
m. till evening, am. usque ad vesperam, 
Suet. Cal. 18. Esp. as quasi-adverb: 
this m., hodie mane, Cic. Att. 13,93 more 
emphatically (this very m.), hodierno die 
mane, id. Cat. 3, 9, 21. early in the m., 
bene mane, id. Att. 4, 9, extr. 9, ma- 
tutinum tempus (as a period of time): 
to devote one’s ms to (favourite) read- 
ings, m. tempora lectiunculis consumere, 
id. Fam. 7, 1, mit. Col. has dies matu- 
tinns in same sense, 6, 2, ad init. See 
also DAWN (subs. and verb). Phr.: 
good m.! salve, ave! (the latter in part- 
ing): V. GOOD (fin.). 
morning (adj.): matitinus: Cic.s 
Hor.: Virg.: v. preced. art. (2). Phr.: 
to pay m, calls, salutare (such visits 





MORNING-STAR 


being at Rome paid early in the morn- 
tng): Cie, Sall. so, m.-callers, salu- 
tanies, Mart. 4, 8, 1; salutatores, Q. Cic. 
pet. cons.g and meton., salutatio (col- 
lectively) cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 20, fin., ubli 
salutatio defluxit, when (he m.-callers 
have all gone. 
morning-star . 1, Lacifer, éri, 
m.: Cic. N. D. 2, 20, fin.: Plin. DA 
later, Phosphérus (Gr. ®waddpos* so 
written by Cic. | c.) Mart. 8, 21. 
morning-watch tertia vigilia v 
WATCH. 
morocco: *dlita Miurica. 
morose: 1. perh. tristis, e (some- 
times = gloomy, forbidding): ef. Vac. 
H. 1, 14, extr., aestimatione recta severus, 
deterius interpretaniibus ¢ristior habe- 
batur, i.e. rightly gudyed, he wus simply 
severe (unbending): by those who puta 
less favourable construction on things, 
he was pronounced morose; cf. Sen. kp. 
36, 3,sqq. (But tristis does not neces- 
sarily imply this: cf. Cic. Quint. 18, 59, 
where natura tristis ac recondita, is a me- 
lancholy and reserved disposition). 2, 
tétricus (harsh and forbidding): Join: 
horridus et tetricus [animus], Sen. Ep. 
36, 3: t. et asper, Mart. 12, 70, 4. 3. 
morosus (wayward, fretful, hard to 
please): Vv. PEEVISH. 4, difficilis: v. 
ILL-TEMPERED, 5, inhimanus (dis- 
obliging, churlish, disagreeable): cf. Cic. 
Sen. 3, 7, moderati et nec difficiles nec 
inhumani senes, neither ill-tempered nor 
morose, (N.B.—Severus denotes praise- 
worthy strictness; austerus, unbending 
gravity or sternness.) 
morosely : inhimaniter (wncivilly) : 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1,6. Phr.. to behave m., 
parum comiter facere, parum comem se 
praebere: v. COURTEOUS, COURTEOUSLY. 
(N.B—Acerbe is bitterly, severely ; aus- 
tere, with unbending sternness.) 
moroseness: 1, tristitia (esp. in 
later writers): to misconstrue reserve 
and modesty for m. and jealousy, taci- 
turnitatem pudoremque pro tr. et ma- 
lignitate arguere, Suet. Ner. 23, extr.: 
severity degenerates into m., severitas in 
tr. excedit, Plin. Ep. 8, 21, init.: cf. ib. 
1, 10, 7: ef. ulso Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 236, 
tristitiam ac severitatem mitigare. 2, 
morositas (cf MOROSE, 3): Vv. PEEVISH- 
Ness. 93, inbimanitas: Cic. Sen. 3, 7. 
(Or by circuinl., mores parum comes; 
natura nimis tristis atque recondita, etc. : 
V. MOROSE.) 
morris-dance: *saltatio Maurica. 
morrow: 1, crastinus dies: v. 
TO-MORROW 2. postérus dies (in nar- 
ration=the following day): to put any- 
thing off to the m., aliquid in p. diem 
differre, Cic. Deiot. 7, 2t: in same sense, 
in posterum differre (without diem), 
Caes. B. G. 7, 11. (So may be used, 
proximus, sequens or insequens, etc. : v. 
FOLLOWING.) 
morsel: |. A bite, mouthful: 1, 
offa a m. of paste (chickens’ food), offa 
pultis, Cic. Div. 2, 35,73: Virg. Dimins. 
offula (without sensible diff. of meaning), 
Varr. Col; Apul.. and ofella (a little 
bit of anything eatable), Juv. 11, 144. 
2. buccella: Mart. v. MOUTHFUL. 
3. frustiilum (@ small bit of any- 
thing): Apul. (Not fru-tum, which is 
@ piece broken or cut off, of any size). 
Delicate m.s, cupédia, orum, or cuppe- 
diae, arum: v. DAINTY (subs.). ll. 
A small portion : 1. mica (a crumb 
or grain): Luer. 1, 839: Petr.: Plin. 
2, frustilum: v. supr.(L,3). 8, 
aulum, pauliilum: v. LITTLE (subs.). 
hr.: not a m., ne tantillum quidem 
(RK. and A.)- cf. Pl. Most, 2, 1,47. See 
also PARTICLE. 
mortal: |. Subject to death : mor- 
talis, e: Cic.: Sall.: Hor. Phr.: we 
are m., we and ours. debemur morti, nos 
nostraque, Hor. A. P. 63. = [J], Causing 
death : 1, mortifer, éra, érum: to 
receive am. wound, m. vulnus accipere, 
Nep. Epam. g: Cic. Sull. 26, 73 (fig ). 
9. létalis, e (rare in prose): a m. 
wound, 1. vulnus, Suet. Cavs. 82. 3. 
mortalis, e (v. rare in this sense): a 
stab only two inches deep is m., puncta 





MORTGAGE 


duas uncias adacta m. est, Veg. Mil. 1, 12. 
4, expr. by verb a@ ent ix rarely 
m., caesa non frequenter interticit, Veg. 
lc: a wound in the spinal cord is 
always m., servari non potest cui in 
spina medulla pereussa est, Cels. 5 26, 
2 in the cave of wounds mt m., ubi 
aliquis ictus est qui servari potest, ib. 
§ 21. See also DEADLY (adj.), FATAL. 
II]. Relating to moital men: mor- 
talis m. works, m. facta, Hor A. P 68: 
am, wound (inflited by a man), m. 
vulnus, Virg. Aeu. 12, 797. 
mortal (subs.): usu. pl., mortals, 
mortales, jum: Sall. Cat. 2, et pass. + 
Cic.: Hor. Also, homines, bomunculi : 
ef. Cic. N. D. 1 44, 123, homunculis 
similem Deum fingere, to fasvion God 
like to us poor m.s: also, Sulp. in Cic. 
Fam. 4, 5, uos homunculi indignamur, 
we poor ms are indignant ; so in Luer., 
homulli, %, 927. 
mortalitv: |. Liability to death: 
mortalitas : Cie. N. DP. 1, 10, extr. ll. 
Death itself: mortalitas (rare) Plin. Kp. 
10, 70 (50), fin.: cf. Cic. l. c.: V. DEATH. 
Ill. Frequency of deaths: Phr.: the 
scarcity of water caused great m. among 
cattle, defectus aquarum stragem siti pe- 
corum morientium dedit, Liv. 4, 30, med. : 
the m. in the city was terrible, urbs assi- 
duis exhausta funeribus, id. 3, 32, med.: 
there was @ proportionately great m. 
among the people generally, pro portione 
ex alia multitudine multa funera fuisse, 
id. 7, 1: so terible was the m., tanta 
foeditas morientium [uit, Just. 2, 13, fir. : 
a season marked by great m.amony cattle 
no less than human beings, grave tempus 
et pestilens, nec hominibus magis quam 
pecori, Liv. 3, 6, init. IV. State of 
mortal beings : mortalitas: cf. Just. 12, 
16, 2, majus humana mortalitate opus 
(de Alexrandro). See also HUMANITY. 
mortally: j. Lit.: 1, morti- 
féré (v. rare): Mare. Dig. 9, 2, 36° Plin. 
Ep. Q. letaliter (v. rare): Plin. 11, 
37, 81. Phr.: to be m. wounded, mor- 
tiferum vulnus accipere, Nep. Epam. 9 ; 
ita vulnerari ut eo ictu (aliquis) mori- 
atur: cf. Jul. Dig. 2 2, 51. Comp. 
MORTAL (I1.) Il. Fig. (colloq.), ex- 
tremely): Plr.: to bem. jealous, misere 
invidere, Ter. Eun. 3, I, 22: so perh. 


perdite, esp. with amare: V DBSPE- 
RATELY. 
mortar: |. For pounding : yh 


mortarium: to pound with a brass m. 
and pestle, aereo m. pistilloque terere, 
Plin. 33, 8, 413; conterere, Col. 12, 55: 
Cato. Dimin. mortariolum (a@ small m.): 
Aemil. Macer. 2. pila (only for 
pounding in; whereas mortarium may 
be used of any vessel for mixing ingre- 
dients, kneading, etc.): a@ small m. for 
pounding wheat, paulula p. ubi triticnum 
pinsant, Cato, R. R. 14, med.: Plin.- 
Serib. I]. A keind of cannon: *tor- 
mentum brevioris formae, quod mortar- 
ium dicunt. Wl. For building: 1, 
mortarium (from the name of the vesael 
in which it was mixed): Vitr. 7, 1, 53 
8, 6 (7), 14. 2. arénatum (a ‘ind of 
sand-mortar): Vlin. 36, 23, 55: Vitr. 
(Arenatum appears to have been used 
externally, like rough-cast.) 3, meton. 
calx, cis, f. (as the main ingredient in 
m.): ef. Plin. l. c., ruinarum urbis ea 
mavime causa, quod furto calc/s sine 
fe-rumine suo caementa componuntur, 
i.e. put together without m.> macerata 
calx is lime properly slaked and steeped, 
Vitr. 7, 2. 

mortgage (subs.): 1, hypotheca 
(security given in real property, not 
moveable): Just. Inst. 4, 6, 9: to trans- 
Jer an estate as a m., fundum hypo- 
thecae dare, Mare. Dig. 70, 1, 16: in gen. 
sense, hypothecam obligare, ib. 20. 1, 13 
§ 6. to be released from a m., hypotheca 
liberari, ib. 20, 6, 5 § 2: the m. termi- 
nates, solvitur h., ib. init. 2. pignus, 
ris, 7. (strictly a pledge consisting of 
moveable property: but used also in 
wider sense). to receive an estate on m., 
fundum pignori accipere, Marc. Dig. 20, 
6, 8 § 9. to satisfy a m., p. liberare, 
Ulp. ib. 20, 6, 6: cf. TO MORTGAGE. 


MOSAIC 





3. obligatio (he actual transaction): 
Modest. Hig. 20, 1, 26 § 1. Sometimes 
servitus muy serve, implying the sur- 
render of certain rights on real pro- 
perty: cf. Pomp. in lig 20, 1, 12: 
quamdiu pecunia non soluta sil, eis ser- 
vitutibus creditor utatur. Phr : aciion 
Sor (connected with) m,, actio bypouie- 
caria, Marc. Dig. 20, 6, 8 § 2. 

mortgage (v): 1, obligo, x 
more fully, hypothecam obl. (v. preced. 
art. 1), ex causa pignoris obl., Modest, 
Dig. 20, 1. 233 pignore obL., ib. 22. py 
hypothecae do: v. preced. art. (1). (Pig 
néro, oppignéro, to pledge moveable pro- 
perty: Vv TO PAWN.) 

mortgagee: créditor: Modest. Dig. 
20, I, 23, etc.: more definitely, creditor 
hypothecarius, Ulp. Dig. 42 6, 1 6 3. 

mortgager: debitor. Mare. Dig. 20, 


6,8§ 7. Or perh., debitor hypotheca- 
rius: v. preced. art. 
mortification: |, Gangrene: gan- 


graena: Cels.: V.GANGRENE. |], Fig.: 
the subduing of lusts, passiuns, ete. 
expr. by *mortifico, etc.: v. TO MOR- 
TrFY (Il). —[J._ Vewation, humiliating 
annoyance : 1, offensio: my litle 
possessions occasion me more m. than 
real pleasuie, majori of. sunt quam de- 
lectationi possessiunculae meae, Cic. Att. 
13,23. Join: offensio atque tustidium, 
id. Tusc. 4, 10, 23. 2. perh. indigni 
tas (indignity offered to any one): to 
put up with every kind of m., omnem 
ind. molestiamque ferre, Cic. Fam. 6, 14. 
Phr.: to feel m. at anything, aliquid 
indigne ferre, Nep. Eum. 1: Cic.: so, 
moleste, molestissime ferre, Cic. Fam. 3, 
6, 2. See also VEXATION. 

mortify: |]. Intrans.; to be de- 
stroyed by gangrene: putresco, 3: V. TO 
GANGRENE. (Morior, emorior, praemo- 
rior, are used to denote the dying av ay 
of a part of the body, but appy. not in 
present sense : cf. Cels. 7, 14, med.: Suet. 
Gr. 3.) |. Trans.: fig. to weaken 
and destroy the lusts, etc.: *mortifico, 
1: Vulg. Col. iii. 5. (More classically, 
mOdéror, coerceo, refreno: v. TO CON- 
TROL, GOVERN.) il], Also trans., to 
vex : offendo, di, sum, 3: Vv. TO OFFEND: 
usu. as pass. refl., to be m.’d at anything, 
aliquid indigne, moleste ferre ; v. preced. 
art. extr. 

mortifying: 1. mdlestus: Cic.: 
V. TROUBLESOMF, VEXATIOUS. Q, perb. 
indignus (beneath one’s dignity): cf. Cic. 
Quint. 31, 95, indignum est a pari vinci, 
indignius ab inferiore atque humiliore. 
Or expr. by verb: what can be more m. ? 
*quid potest magis animum offendere, 
Majorem molestiam exhibere? v. TO OF- 
FEND, VEX. 

mortise (subs.): cardo fémina, cor- 
responding 10 the tenon, ¢. masculus, 
Vitr. 9 8 (9), 11. (Quich. gives cavum, 
e Col.) 

mortise (v.): perh. immitto, 3 (to 
let in, insert): R. and A. (Cf. Vitr. 9, 
8, 11, cardinibus mascula et femina inter 
se coartatis.) 

mortmain: mortua manus: &% come 
into m. (of estates), ad m. manum de- 
venire, Statute in P Cycl.s.v. (Usu. 
better to qualify the phr. by quae dici- 
tur, fertur, etc.) 

mosaic (subs.): 1, miisivum (opus): 
a portrait in m., (homo) pictus de mu- 
sivo, Spart. Pesc. 6: Treb. (Better thus 
spelt than museum which word is used 
to denote a kind of grotto, Vv. GkorT, 2. 

9. tessellatum (opus): cf. Suet. 
Caes. 46, extr., where pavimenta tessel- 
lata and sectilia are mentioned together: 
also, Vitr. 7, 1, 4: from the latter pas- 
sage, the tessellata are shown to have 
been pavements made of small pieces of 
stones, etc., in the shape of squares, hex- 
agons, etc.: what the latter were is not 
clearly known. 3. vermicilatum 
(opus) cf. vermiculatse crustae, work 
inlaid so as to resemble the tracks of 
worms, vermiculated, Plin. 35, I, f: Sv, 
vermiculatum pavimentum, Aug. in 
Burm. Suet. Caes. 46, where the context 
shows that mosaic or tessellated work 
is intended. 4, lithostrotum (Gr 
483 


MOSAIC 


MOTION 


MOTLEY 











wrought wife tessellae 5 
=tessellatum): Plin. 36, 25, 60: Varr. 
(A specimen is described as, parvis e 
tessellis tinctisque in varios colores 
factum : Plin. 1. c.) 5. poet. lapilli, 
orum (=tessellae): Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 19. 
mosaic (a4j.):_ |. In mosaic work: 
tessellatus, tessellis factus: v. preced. 
art. II, Relating to Moses: *Mosa- 
cus: or gen. of Moyses, Moses. 
mosque: *aedes (sacra) Mabometana, 
Arabica, Turcica. 
mosauito: cilex, icis, 
term): Hor. 8.1, 5, 14: Plin. 


AvOoaTpwrov" 


m. (gen. 


moss: |, A kind of plant: mus- 
cus: Gato, R. R. 6: Hor.: Ov. Ml. 
Ground overgrown with m., etc.: *Joca 


palustria, musco 
obsita. 
moss-covered: musco circumlitus : 
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 4- 
moss-trooper; *eques locorum pa- 
lustrium peritus. 
mossy: 1. muscosus: ™. foun- 
tains, m. fontes, Virg. E. 7, 45: Varr. 
9, muscidus (rare) : Sid. 
most (@4j.): j, plurimus (either 
absolutely, very much or many ; oF Te- 
latively, the most): of this deity there 
are m. images, hujus sunt p. simulacra, 
Caes. B. G. 6,17: Cic. When quantity 
is indicated, the nom. and ace. sing. neut. 
are often used subs. : far the m. toil and 
utility, laboris et utilitatis longe pluri- 
mum, Quint. 10, 3, I. The gen. plurimi 
is also used subs.: to possess what is @ 
m. value, id quod plurimi est possidere, 
Cic. Par. 6, 2, fin. , maximus: 
esp. in phr., for the m. part, chiefly, 
maximam partem, Caes. B. G. 4, 1: Cic. 
3, plerusque, pleraque, plerumque 
(usu. in pl.): m. money-dealers have 
this way, habent hunc morem p. argen- 
tarii, Pl. Cure. 3, 7: strengthened by 
omnes: m. young men, p. omnes ado- 
lescentuli, Ter. Andr. 1, I, 28. But 
plerique oft. denotes nothing more than 
@ good many : cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 36, 65, 
multi nihil prodesse philosophiam, ple- 
rique etiam obesse arbitrantur, where 
plerique denotes less than multi: Tac. 
Phr.: at the m., (1.) summum (not 
ad summum): twice, or at the m., thrice, 
bis terve summum, Cic. Fam. 2, 1: Liv. 
33,5, med. (2.) quum plurimum : stakes 
having three or at m. four branches, 
vallitrium aut quum plurimum quattuor 
ramorum, Liv. 1.c. Also simply, plu- 
rimum: Plin. 22, 5, 22. 
most (adv.) : |. With adj. and 
adverbs: expr. by superl., or in the case 
of adj. in -ius, by maxime with positive : 
cf. Cic. Ph. 13, 19, 43, where the form 
piissimus (used by M. Antony) is con- 
demned by Cic.: it is however frequent 
in later authors, e.g. Tac. Agr. 43: Curt. 
|]. With verbs: 1, maximé (in 
the highest degree): this legion Caesar 
trusted m., huic legioni Caesar m. con- 
fidebat, Caes. B. G. 1, 40: strengthened 
by unus, i 


humilibusque herbis 


unus omniuni, multo, vel, etc.: 
v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. (2). 9, plu- 
rimum (strictly denoting extent rather 
than degree: but sometimes hardly to 
be distinguished from maxime): to be 
m. powerful or influential, p._ posse, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 9; p- valere, Cic. Kep. 2, 
22. (N.B.—By no means potissimum ; 
which = in preference to all others: 
Gk. pddvota.) 
mostly: |. ¥or the most part, prin- 
cipally : maximam partem: Vv. MOST, 
adj. (2). See also PRINCIPALLY. il. 
Usually : J, plerumque (very gene- 
rally, oftentimes : cf. MOST, adj.,3): Hor. 
Od. 1, 34, 7: in Cic. Or. 51, 170, ple- 
rumque casu, saepe natura, plerumque 
appears to denote less than saepe = @ 
many times: but more freq. it de- 
notes pretty regular occurrence : cf, id. 
Div. 1, 56, fin., aut semper aut, si id 
difficile est, plerumque, either always, or 
tf that be next to impossible, yet ordi- 
narily or mostly. 2. fere (commonly) : 
as m. happens, quod f. solet fieri, Cic. 
Inv. 1, 29, 463 ut f. fit, ib. 2, 4, 14 (but 
th, oftener simply, ut fit, id. Mil. 10, 
28: Liv.): Ter- 3. ferme (like fere, 
484 





of which it is strictly a strengthened | 
form): as m. results, quod f. evenit, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 42: Vv. USUALLY. 4, vulgo: 
v. GENERALLY (II., 2). 

mote: corpusculum (any minute par- 
ticle): ef. Lucr. 2, 152. (in Matt. vii. 
3, the Vulg. has festuca, @ stem or 
straw: quid autem festucam vides in 
oculo fratris? For the sentiment, comp. 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 73, Where tubera and ver- 
rucae correspond to trabs and festuca of 
the Vulg.) 

moth; Dlatta: clothes, prey of ms 





and worms, vestis blattarum et linearum 
epulae, Hor. S. 2, 3, 118: Virg.: Plin. 
moth-eaten : *blattis peresus. 
mother : |, Lit.: mater, tris: 
pass. Dimin. matercula (little or poor 
m.), Cic. FI. 36, fin.: Hor. Belonging 
to a m., mother’s, maternus : the name 
of m., nomen maternum, Cie. Clu. 5, 12: 
Ter. (Both the subs. and adj. may be 
used as well with relation to inferior 
animals: matrix, icis, is a she-animal 
kept for breeding : cf. Varr. 2, 5, med., 
habeo tauros...ad matrices septuaginta 
duo, two bulls to seventy breeding cows: 
Col.) Phr.: to become am, parere (v. 
TO BRING FORTH): ™.’S brother (maternal 
uncle), avunculus (v. UNCLE): brothers 
born of the same ™., fratres uterini, Just. 





Cod. 5, 61, 21: childven whose ™.S are 
still living, liberi matrimi, Liv. 37, 3, 
med. (so, patrimi, whose jathers are 
living, ib.): to suck in error with one's 


of | m.’s milk, cum lacte nutricis errorem 


sugere, Cic. Tusc. 3, I, 2. ll. Fig.: 
producer, originator : j, mater: Phi- 
losophy the m. of all good arts, mM. om- 
nium bonarum artium philosophia, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 22, 58: Hor. 9. pirens, ntis, 
c.: Join: parens educatrixque [sapi- 
entia ], Cic. Leg. 1, 23,625 procreatrix et 
quasi parens, id. Or. 1, 3, 9- 3, géne- 
trix, icis: Egypt m. of vices, Aegyptus 


g. vitiorum, Plin. 26, 1, 3: Just. 4. 
procreatrix, icis: Cic. (v. supr. 2). 5, 
expr. by pario, gigno: ef. Cic. Am. 6, 20, 


virtus amicitiam et gignit et continet, 
virtue is both the m. and the maintainer 
of friendship ; v. TO BEGET. 
~ _ in-law: socrus, us: Ter.: Cic. 
— of-pearl: unionum conchae, 
arum: Suet. Ner. 31 (Kr.). 


— tongue: patrius sermo: Hor. 
A. P. 57: Lucr. 
— wit; Phr.: with homely ™., 


crassa Minerva, Hor. S. 2, 2, 3: some- 
times indoles (natural gifts) may serve : 
Vv. TALENTS. 

motherhood: &xpr. by maternus, 
mater: the cares of m., materna (matris) 
cura, Plin. 10, 33, 51 § 103: V. MOTHER. 

motherless: matre orbus: cf. Ter. 
Ad. 4, 5, 16: v. ORPHAN. Also perh. 
matre orbatus: cf. Cic. Clu. 15, jim. 
mater orbata filio (but the adj. appears 
to be more properly used in this re- 
lation). 

motherly : maternus: ™. feeling, 
m. animus, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 24- 

motion (subs.): |. Act or process 
of changing place : ], motus, us: 
revolve with an opposite m. to. .., CON- 
trario m. versari quam..., Cic. Rep. 6, 
17: he imparted m. to the heavens, M0. 
coelo dedit, id. Tim. 6. 2, modtio (a 
less freq. term than motus: the mere 
act of moving): the m. and gesture of 
bodies, corporum m. atque gestus, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 58, 145. (Motio corresponds to 
motus as the verbal subs. moving to mo- 
tion or movement.) 8, agitatio (quick 
or constant m.): Join: agitatio et mo- 
tus [linguae], Cic. N.D. 2, 54,135. 4. 
jactatio (tossing, unpleasant ™m.) : cf. 
Liv. 29, 32, ad fin., ubi primum ducta 
cicatrix, patique posse visa jactationem, 
i. e. the shaking and other motion inevi- 
table in a journey. 5, very often 
expr. by verb: e. g. to set in m., movere 5 
to be in m., moveri: the moon has no ™., 
and is the lowest (star), luna neque 
movetur et infima est, Cic. Rep. 6, 17): 
this is the source of (their) m., hic fons, 
hoc principium movendi est, ib. 25 (Vv. 
TO MOVE) : to be put in m. by an external 
cause, pulsu agitari externo, ib. 26. Il. 


Impulse: impulsus, us esp. in abl: at 
his m. (or instigation), suo i., Cic. R. Am. 
37, 107. Phr.: of ones oun m., Sua 
sponte, Caes. B. G. 1, 44-_ more fully. 
sua sponte et voluntate, Cic, Part. 37, 
jin. Ul. Proposal : 1, régatio (a 
‘proposal for a law, brought forward by 
atiibune): Vv. BILL. 2, sententia (a7 
opinion formally expressed ; esp. im the 
senate): cf. Cic. Att. 4, 1, accurate sen‘ 
tentiam dixi; fuctum est senatus-ccn- 
sultum in meam sententiam, 1. e. accord- 
ing tomy m.: the senate adopted the m. 
of Cato, senatus in Catonis 8. discessit, 
Sall. Cat. 55, init. Phr.. to make a m.: 
(1). féro, tuli, latum, 3, irr. (to bring 
forward a matter; esp. before the people) : 
to bring forward am. in the assembly 
of the people, that..., f. ad populum, 
ut..., Cic. Ph. 2, 43, 1x0: more freq. 
foll. by legem, rogationem: v. TO PKO- 
pose. (2). référo, 3, i77. (esp. of pro- 
ceedings in the Senate): a m. was laid 
before the Senate, ad senatum relatum 
est, cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 1: Sall.: less freq. 
of other bodies: he made a m. im the 
college of pontiffs respecting...» ad pon- 
tificum collegium rettulisse de..., Auct. 
pro Dom, 53. Retero may also denote 
a second or further m. in the assembly 
of the people, ad populum r., Cie. Clu. 
49, 137- (3). censeo, ui, um, 2 (denoting 
a. formal expression of opinion in the 
Senate): wherefore I make this m..., 
quare ita ego censeo, Sall. Cat. 52, fin. 
2 motion (v.): significo, 15 innuo, fe 
jitum, 3: Vv. TO BECKON. 

motionless: immotus, imm6Obilis : 
Vv. IMMOVEABLE. 

motive (adj.): qui movet: v. 10 
MOVE. Sometimes pulsus may serve, c!. 
Cic. Rep. 6, 26, externo agitari pulsu. 
i.e. to be propelled by some external m. 
power, not inherent force. 

motive (suls.): ], causa, ratio 
it is enough to show that he (Clodius ) 
had a stiong m., satis est Magnam el 
causam (fuisse), Cic. Mil. 12, 322 what 
was his m. in coming to Ameria? cujus 
rei causa venerat Ameriam ? id. R. Am. 
34, 96: so ib. paulo infr., qua ratione 
Roscio Capitoni primum nuntiavit ? 
often with impello (cf. infr.2): Gf any 
one should ask) what has been my m. 
in,.., quae causa NOs impulerit, ut.. , 
Cic. N. D. 1, 4, 7-: _¥. CAUSE, GROUND 
(VL). Q, expr. by adductus, duc- 
tus, less freq. inductus 5 also impulsus 
(prompted, induced to act in any way 
hy some motive: with abl. of the cause) : 
ct. Cic. Part. 14, 49, spe, metu, iracundia, 
misericordia, impulsi ; praemio, gratia 
adducti, i. e. from m.s of expectation (of 
gain), of fear, pity, etc. : cf. id. Ac. 2, 20, 
65, si aut ostentatione aliqua adductus 
aut studio certandi ad hance philoso- 
phiam me applicavi, 1. e. from any ™. 
of display or disputatiousness. Also 
other parts of the verbs impello, adduco, 
may often serve: to seek for the m. from 
which a crime was committed, causam 
quaerere quae aliquem ad facinus ad- 
duxerit, Cic. R. Am. 31, 86° when the 
mind is in suspense, it may be swayed 
by a trifling m., dum in dubio est ani- 
mus, paulo momento huc illue impellitur, 
Ter. Andr. 1, §, 31: V. TO URGE, INDUCE, 
INFLUENCE. 3, motus, tis (rare in 
this sense): the m.s which hare led me 
to my decision, m. consilii mei, Plin. Ep. 
3, 4, fin. Phr.: to show some m. for 
(anything) being done, aliquid, quare 
factum sit, ostendere, Cic. Inv. 2, 5, 19: 
so with quapropter, cur: (v. WHY, 
WHEREFORE): to enquire which (of the 
accused persons) had any ™. for com 
mitting a crime, quaerere cui (utri where 
two only are concerned) bono tuisset, Cic. 
R. Am. 31, 86. (N.B.—Kr gives the 
phr., quasi moventia proponere, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 24, 68=to present inducements or 
motives to action, quae nos ad,, con- 
vertant: but the expr. is an isolated 
one, and moreover not complete without 
the foll. defining clause: Impulsus, im- 
pulsio, denote urgency, impulsion, in- 
ducement: cf. Cic. inv. 2, 5, 19.) 

motley (adj.): versicd‘or, oris: Liv. 








MOTTLED 


MOUNTAIN 


MOURNFUILY 





34, I (where the Lex Oppia is given, 
which forbad the use of vestimentum 
versicolor by women). Virg. 
mottled: — 1, macilosus (speckled, 
spotted): Pl.: Virg. 9. varius: m. 
sides (black and blue), v. latera, Pl. Ps. 
1 2,13: Hor.: v. VARIEGATED. 
motto: 1, sententia (a term spe- 
cially applied to short pithy sentences) : 
v. MAXIM. 2. praeceptum (rule, di- 
rection): V.PRECEPT. Phr.: see whether 
this may not be safely laid down as a 
m., vide ne hoc salubriter praecipi pos- 
sit, Sen. Ep. 10, exir.: this isa m. from 
Eaicurus, hoe Epicurus praecipit, ib. 
U1, 6. 
mould (subs.): |, A shape: forma: 
to pour wax into a m. (a cast of the 
face), ceram in f. infundere, Plin. 35, 12, 
44: @ box-wood m. (for cheese), buxea 
f., Col. 7, 8, fin. Dimin. formula: used 
by Pall. of that which has been shaped 
by a mould, Mai. 9, med. Phr.: of the 
same m. as we, nostrae farinae, Pers. 5, 
115: to be cast mm the same m., una 
forma percussa esse, Sen. Ep. 34, extr. 
See also, NATURE, KIND. [|], Sowl: 1, 
terra: v. SOIL. Q. terrénum (earthy 
soil: only in the Scrr. rei Rusticae) : 
Jlint, with a little m. above it, silex cui 
superpositum est modicum t., Col. 3, 11, 
ad fin.: to prevent any m. adhering to 
the roots, ne quid terreni (radix) habeat, 
Col. 12, 56: Pall. (N.B.—Terra is a 
generic term, including all kinds of 
earth; terrenum is specific, like the 
Eng.: cf. Pall. 1, 5, init., sabulum sine 
admixtione terreni, sandy soil with no 
earthy mould.) II]. 4 downy, damp 
concretion: mucor; Col.: v. MOULDY: 
also MILDEW. 
mould (v.): 1, fingo, nxi, ctum, 3 
(esp. with ref. to plastic art): to m. in 
waz, e cera f., Cic. Verr. 4, 13, 30: more 
fully, f. similitudines ex..., Plin. 35, 12, 
43 (with ref. to busts): Ov. So comps. 
effingo, confingo, but in more gen. sense : 
Vv. TO FASHION, FORM. 2. formo, 1 
(to shape): v. TO voRM. Esp. in fig. 
sense: to m. an orator, oratorem f., 
Quint. 1, 1, 10: to m. (the character) 
Jrom infancy, a pueritia statim f., Plin. 
Ep. 4, 19, 7. Join: formare et insti- 
tuere (sc. educando), ib. 1,14, 3. Phr.: 
you will be able to m. anything you 
choose while the clay ts wet (fig.), argilla 
quidvis imitaberis uda, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 8. 
moulder (v.): 1, putresco, 3: 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 119 (of clothes): v. To ROT. 
_2, dilabor, psus, 3 (to fall to pieces, 
waste away): tombs m. away, d. monu- 
menta virum, Lucr. 5, 312: more pre- 
cisely, situ dilabi, Col. 12, 3, med. 
moulder (subs.): 1, fictur ((mage- 
maker): Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 81. Fem. 
-trix: ib. 3, 39, 92. 2. plastes, ae, 
m. (Gr. mAaomms): Vell. 1, 17, med. 
(= statuary). Also, plasticus, plastica- 
tor (the latter to be avoided): Firm. 
mouldering (a4j.): 1, piiter, tris, 
tre (rotten, decayed) : Vacuna’s m. jane, 
Vacunae p. fanum, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 49. 
Also putridus: Sen. Ep. 12, init. (pu- 
trida saxa). 9. dilabens, ntis (twm- 
bling to pieces): Sen. Ep. 12, init. (d. 
aedificium). 
mouldiness: 1, miicor: to con- 
tract m. (become mouldy), m. contrahere, 
Col. 12,4. @Q, situs, tis ( foulness con- 
tracted by disuse): V. MILDEW, 
mouldy: 1, miicidus: m. bits of 
, m. panis frusta, Juv. 14, 128: 
Mart. 2, situ corruptus: ef. Col. 12, 
3, med. (ne supellex vestisve situ dila- 
patur, aut fruges...negligentia desidiave 
torrumpantur). Phr.: to grow m, 
mucorem contrahere, Col. 12, 43 also, 
mucescere, Plin, 14, 20, 26 (of wine be- 
coming mouldy or musty): in same 
sense, to be m., mucére, Cato R. R. 148: 
they run no risk of getting m. (or rusty), 
periculum situs non adeunt, Sen. Ben. 


*plumas ponere, exuere 


r.). 

moulting (subs.): expr. by verb: 
during the m. season, *eo tempore quum 
plumae exuuntur. 


mound; 1, tamilus (natural or 
artificial): a m. of earth, t. terrenus, 
Caes. B. G. 1,43. esp. a sepulchral m.: 
Cic. Leg. 2, 26,66: an empty m. (ceno- 
taph), inanis t., Virg. Aen. 6, 505. See 
also, HILL, HILLOUK. 2. agger, Eris, 
m. (reaching lengthwise; whereas a 
tumulus is of roundish form): snowy 
m.s (drifts), a. nivei, Virg. G. 3, 354: 
usu. of works raised Jor defensive or 
offensive purposes: the m. and stockade, 
a. ac vallum, Caes. B. G. 4, 72: to throw 
up am. (in stege), a. jacere, Caes. B. G, 
2, 123; exstruere (where altitude is im- 
plied), ib. 2,30: a m. of earth, a, terreus, 
terrenus: Vv, EARTHEN. 3. grimus 
(a small knoll or elevation : rare): Col. 
2, 18, med.: Auct. B. Hisp. Dimin. 
grumulus: Plin. 4, moles, is, f.: v. 
MOLE (1.). 

mount (subs.): mons: v. MOUNTAIN, 
Phr.: the Sermon on the M., *oratio 
montana, Tisch.: Kr.: more fully, *ora- 
tio a Christo in monte habita, Kr, 

mount(v.): |, Zoriseonhigh: 1, 
expr. by adv. sublime, or adj. sublimis 
(cf. L. G. § 343), and verb: to m. aloft, 
sublime ferri, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 
efferri, Liv. 21, 30: so, sublime volare, 
Lucr. 2, 206: with adj.: he m.'d aloft, 
sublimis abiit, Liv. 1, 16, fin. Oo) 
subvolo, 1: to m. upwards towards 
heaven, in coelestem locum s., Cic. Tusc. 
I, 17, 40: Ov. 8, expr. by sursum, 
with various verbs: e. g. sursum suc- 
cedere, Lucr. 2, 203: so, sursum ferri, 
ef. deorsum ferri, Lucr. 1. ¢.: v. UP- 
WARDS. 4. exsilio, €mico: v. TO 
SPRING Up. See also TO ASCEND. Il. 
To get on horseback : equum conscendo, 
ete.: v. inj7. (II11.). i. Trans.: 
to get upon: 1, scando, di, sum, 3: 
to m. the walls (of a besieged city), s. 
moenia, Liv. 22, 14, med.: Cic.: v. TO 
cLmMB, Comps. (1). conscendo, 3 (usu. 
with direct acc.): to m. a horse, equum 
c., Liv. 1, 573; also, in equum, Ov. M. 6, 
222: to m.a rampart, vallum c., Caes. 
B. G. 5, 39, jin. (2). escendo, 3 (usu. 
with prep.): to m. a carriage, in cur- 
rum e, (al. conscendere), Pl. Mere. 5, 2, 
go: to m. the rostra, in rostra e., Cic. 
Off. 3, 20, 80. (3). ascendo, 3 (both 
with and without prep.) : to m. a horse, 
a. in equum, id. Sen. 10, jfin.: to m. the 
rostra (tribune), in contionem a., Cic. 
Fin. 2, 22, 74: also without in, Liv. 23, 
14, init.: to m. the ridge of a mountain, 
jugum montis a., Caes, B.G.1, 21. (4). 
inscendo, 3 (usu. with prep. in; but also 
without): to m. @ horse, ins. in equum, 
Suet. Ner. 48 (pass. inscendi, to be m.d, 
of Bucephalus, Gell. 5, 2): Pl. (in- 
scendo is less freq. than the preced. 
comps., and not in Cic. at all.) 2: 
égrédior, ssus, 3 (rather rare in this 
sense, and never trans.): the soldiers 
had almost m.’d the summit with their 
scaling-ladders, scalis egressi milites 
prope summa ceperant, Sall. Jug. 60: 
Liv. 3, stipéro, 1: Im. the very top- 
most point of the house, summi fastigia 
tecti ascensu supero, Virg. G. 2, 303: 
Liv.: v. TO SURMOUNT. IV. Phr.: 
to m. guard, stationem agere, l'ac. H. 1, 
28; in statione esse, Caes. B. G. 4, 32: 
Vv. GUARD, subs. (I.). 

mountain : 1. mons, ntis, m. 
(either a single m., or a@ range of m.s): 
to be surrounded by very lojty m.s, un- 
dique altissimis m. contineri, Caes. B. G, 
3,1: an unbroken range of m.s, continui 
m., Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 5: or, perpetui m., 
Kr. (cf. Plin. 3, 5,7, perpetua juga): et 
pass. Fig.: the ms are in labour, par- 
turiunt m., Hor. A. P. 139: to promise 
m.s of gold (make extravagant promises), 
montes auri polliceri, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 18: 
Sall. 2. jugum (a ridge: hence in 
wider sense, a m. range): to reach a 
certain point by marching along the 
(ridges of the) m.s, jugis aliquo per- 
venire, Caes. B. C. 1, 70: esp. poet., tt 
spreads desolation on the m.s, traxit jugis 
ruinam, Virg. Aen. 2, 631: more fully, 
juga montis, id. BE. 5, 76. (N.B—In 
this sense usu. pl.) See also HILL, 
MOUNT. 











mountain-ash : ornus: Virg.: Plin. 
(Ace. to others, the common ash.) *Sor- 
bus aucuparia, Linn. (R. and A.). 
mountaineer: 1, homo monta- 
nus: Caes. B.C. 1, 57: or in pl. simply 
montani: Caes. B. C. 1, 39: Livy. 21, 
32, ete. 2. monticdla, ae, c. (only 
poet.): Ov. M. 1, 193 (m. Silvani = 
dwelling in or haunting the mountains). 
mountainous : 1, montudsus 
(abounding in mountains): m. regions, 
m. loci, Cic, Part. 10, 36. Neut. pl. 
montuosa = m. regions, Plin. 11, 53, 116. 
Join: aspera et montuosa [regio], Cic. 
Pl. 9, 22. 2, montanus: a region m. 
or level, locus m. an planus, Quint. 5, 10, 
37: Varr. Neut. pl. montana=m. re- 
gtons, Liv. 21, 34, init. (N.B.—In the 
best age, montanus denotes rather a cha- 
racter of people than of countries). 
mountalnousness: expr. by montes, 
montuosus: v. preced. artt. 
mountebank: planus, circiilator: 
V. IMPOSTOR, QUACK. 
mounted (part. and adj.): Phr.: 
cavalry well or ill m., *equestres copiae 
optimis s. deterioribus equis instructae: 
a m. guard, *equestris custodia (like 
equestres copiae, Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 112): 
a sword-hilt m. with jewels, *gladii capu- 
lus gemmis distinctus: or simply, gem- 
matus: Vv. JEWELLED. 
mounting (subs.): expr. by verb: 
Vv. TO MOUNT. 
mourn: 1, ligeo, xi, ctum, 2 
(both trans. and intrans.): the senate 
m.s, 1, senatus, Cic. Mil. 8, 20: to m. 
any one’s death, mortem alicujus L, id. 
Ph. 12, 10, 25: also foll. by acc. and 
inf.: he ms to think that the city hus 
been snatched out of his jaws, urbem 
ereptam esse ex suis faucibus luget, id. 
Cat. 2, 1, fin. Often= to be in mourn- 
ing : V. MOURNING, subs. 2. squaleo, 
2 (to wear soiled clothes in token of 
mourning): cf. Cic. Mil. 8, 20, squalent 
municipia, i. e. they are in mourning. 
8. moereo, 2 (to feel sorrow, and 
display it in the countenance, etc.) : both 
trans. and intrans.: when all the good 
m.'d in secresy and retirement, quum 
omnes boni abditi inclusique moererent, 
Cic. in Pis. 9, 21: to m. over the death of 
a son, filii mortem m., id. Tuse. 1, 48, 
115: also foll. by acc. and inf,, Cic. Sext. 
11, 25. (N.B.—Moereo points more to 
deep-felt grief ; lugeo, to a certain ve- 
cognized and formal expression of sor- 
row.) 4, dbleo, 2: v. TO GRIEVE. 
mourner: expr. by lugeo, squaleo: 
cf. L. G. § 638. 
mournful: |. Causing sorrow, 
Sraught with sorrow and mourning : 
J, luctudsus: ef. Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 8, 
fuit hoc luctuosum suis, acerbum patrise, 
grave bonis omnibus (mow nful...ay- 
Jjlicting...grievous): the most m. kind 
of death (suicide), luctuosissimum genus 
mortis, Plin. Ep. 1,12,1. Join: misera 
et luctuosa [tempora], Cic. Fam. 5, 14. 
2, lugubris, e (in present sense, 
poet.): m. war, 1. bellum, Hor. Od. 2, 1, 
33: cf.infr. §, tristis,e: v.saD. 4, 
iicerbus (causing poignant grief or af- 
fliction): Join: luctuosus et acerbus, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48; acerba, misera, luc- 
tuosa (pl. neut.), id. Mur. 41, 99: cf. 
also supr. (1). |]. Hapressive of sor- 
row: 1, luigubris, e: m. wailing (for 
the dead), lamentatio 1., Cic. Tusc. 1, 13, 
30: m. strains, cantus l., Hor. Od. 1, 24, 
2: V. MOURNING (adj.) 2. lamenta- 
bilis, e (doleful, warling): in m. tones, 
1. voce, Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 32. Also, @la- 
mentabilis, ib. 24, 57- 3, moestus : 
V. SORROWFUL. 4, flébilis, e (tearful, 
full of distress): grief is m. distress, 
moeror (est) aegritudo f,, ib. 4, 8, 18: ™m. 
measures, f. modi, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 9: Ov. 
5, misérabilis, e: v. MOVING (ad).). 
6, squalidus (in mourning attire): 
V. MOURNING (adj.). 
mo y: 1, moesté (sorraw- 
Fully): Auct. Her. 3, 14, 24. . febi- 
liter (dolefully): Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39, 
ete.: Hor (Or expr. by adjj.: they 
stand m. on the lofty towers, turribus 


| altis stant moesti, Virg. Aen. 9, 471 [cf. 


485 


MOURNFULNESS 





L. G. § 343]: comets glure m., cometae , 


lugubre rubent, ib. 10, 273 [L.G. § 344]: 
also, flebilem s. miserabilem in modum ; 
Vv. MANNER.) 


. mournfulness: expr by adj.: there | 


ts am. about his way of speaking, *inest 
orationi ejus nesciv quid lugubre aique 
afflictum what can exceed the m. of 
this, *his quid potest esse luctuosius ? 
V. MOURNFUL. 

mourning ‘subs.): |. As felt: 
luctus, mueror: Vv. GRIEF. See also TO 
MOUKN. ff, As expressed by the dress, 
elec. : 1, luctus, ts: to bein m, in L 
esse, Cic. Sexi. 14, init.: the m. was 
limited to thirty days, triginta diebus |. 
est tinitus, Liv. 22, 56: that does not go 
into m., expers luctis, ib : to lay aside 
m., |. laeio cultn mutare, Vac. A. 2, 75, 
extr. 2, squalor (Joul garment, as 
the recognized symbol of grief): Join: 
squalor et sordes, Cic. Clu. 6, 18: squalor 
atque mvestitia, l'ac. H. 1, 54. 3. 
sordes, ium, f. (like preced.): to be 
plunged in grief and m., in lacrimis et 
s. jacere, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, med.: Liv. 6, 
16, fin.: cl. supr.(2). 4, tigubria (se. 
vestimenta) . to put on m., |. imponere, 
Sen. Cons. Helv. 16, 2; induere, Ov. M. 
11, 669: to put off m., |. exuere, Sen. L.c. 
Phr.: (a). to be in m.: (1). lige, xi, 
ctum, 2: it is unlawful jor those who 
are in m. to do it, lugetibus id tacere 
est (nefas), Liv. 22, 56, med.: Cic.: v. 
TO MOURN (1). (2). squaleo, 2 (to wear 
the dingy garb of grief): the municipal 
towns are in m., squalent municipia, 
Cic. Mil. 8, 20: more fully, squalebat 
civitas publico consilio mutata veste, 
i.e. a general m. was appointed, id. Sext. 
14, tit. (N.B.—Not sordeo in this 
sense.) (ii). ogo into m.: (1). vestitum 
muto, t: Cic. Sext. 14, 33; or vestem 
muto, ib. § 32. (2). lugubria impono, 
induo: v. supr, (4). (ili). to leave off 
m.: (i). ad vestitum rédeo, 4, i77.: Cic. 
Sext. 14, 33. (2). ligubria exuo, i, itum, 
3: v. supr. (4). See also supr. (IL, 1). 
(iv). dressed in m. (in a stute of m.): 
(1). sordidatus: they came to Rome 
dressed in m., Romam venerunt sordi- 
dati, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 25, fin.: ‘Tac. 
Join: moestus ac sordidatus, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 47, 195. (2). lugubris, e (tm 
mourning, from bereavement ; whereas 
sordidatus simply means attired in 
mourning garb, jor any cause, e. g. the 
danger of a criminal. trial): many dis- 
tinguished families were in m., multae 
et clarae lugubres domus (erant), Liv. 
3, 32, med. (the opposite of which is, 
expers luctus, not in m., ib.). (3). 
pullatus (like sordidatus: rare): Juv. 3, 
213. (4). squalidus (= preced.: rare): 
Ov. M. 15, 38. Phr.: there was not a 
single family that was not in m., 
nullius penutes moeroris expertes erant, 
Val. Max. I, 1, 15. 

mourning (adj.): i. e. relating to 
the outward expression of grief : il, 
ligubris, e: m. attire, lL. vestis, Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 453 1. cultus, Tac. A. 13, 
32. Pl. neut. iugubria, m. attire, Sen. : 
Ov.: v. MOURNING, subs. (Phr.). Oo} 
moestus* m. garment, m. vestis, Prop. : 
¥. SORROWFUL. 

mouse: 1, mus, miris, m.: the 
town and country m., m. urbatus, rus- 
ticus, Hor. S. 2, 6, 80- Cic.: the common 
m., m. vulgaris, Plin. 10, 73, 94: called, 
m. incola domuum, id. 8, 57, 82 (not, 
however, as a spev'ific name: *mus mus- 
culus, Linn.) field m., m. agrestis, Plin. 
10, 65, 85. (For other kinds, see Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v.) Dimin. musculus (a 
poor little m.), Cic. Div. 2,14, 33. Adj. 
mirinus, of a m., mouse-: @ m.-skin, 
mmirina pellis, Plin. 29, 6, 36 § 113: Just. 

2. sorex (0 doubtful). Ter Eun. 5, 

6, extr. (where Parry renders vat: it is 
uncertain what precise species is meant): 
Plin. 2. 41, 41 § 109. 

— colour: color mirinus: Col. 6, 
37, med. 

— ear: *mydsdtis. idis, f.: Linn. 

— hole: cavus (miris). Hor. S. 2, 
6,116. (Or cavum: v. HOLE.) 

— tail; *mydsirus. 

486 


MOVE 


mouse-trap: muscipilum: Phaedr, 
4,1, 17° also — a: Sen. Ep. 48, 5. 
mouser: Phr.: a cat thut is a 
goow m., *teles muribus iniestissimus. 
moustache: perh. *grani, orum (de- 
scribed as peculiar tu the Goths): Isid. 
19, 23. 7 (Quich.). Phr.. not to wear 
a@ m., superius labrum radere, cf. Caes. 
R.G. 5, 14. (Kr. gives, barbula labri 
superioris ; Quich. mystax, ex Hier.) 
mouth (suls.) : |. Gf men or 
animals : 1, os, Gris, n.: the m. ts 
admirably fitted jor receiving all these 
(food, drink, aii), ad haec omnia perci- 
pienda os est aptissimum, Cic. N. D. 2, 
54,134: with waded m. (of the mother 
bird), ore pleno, Juv. 10, 232: Hor. 
(But os is often used in wider sense: 
v. FACE, 1.2.) Phr.: "tts in everybody's 
m. (common talk), in ore est omni po-~ 
pulo, ler. Ad. 1, 2, 13: so, habere aliquid 
in ore, to have it perpetually in ov.e’s m. 
(be ever talking of it), Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 
extr. 2. rostrum (the beak of a bird ; 
snout of an animal, as the pig, goat, 
etc.): V. BEAK, SNOUT. Faceté, of the m. 
(muzzle or snout) ef a human being, Pl. 
Men. 1,1,13. Phr.: toopena broad m., 
rictum diducere, Juv. 10, 230: not to 
open the mouth too wide (in speaking), 
ne immodicus hiatus rictum distendat 
(al. discindat), Quint. 1, 11,9: generally, 
to open the m., hiare, Juv. 10,231: Hor.: 
so, with m, wide open, hianti ore, Curt. 
4, 16, med.: to look at a horse’s m., 
equi dentes inspicere (v. HORSE, Phr.) : 
to shut one’s m. about anything, tacere, 
reticere (keep a thing back): also mus- 


| sare, PL Aul. 2,1, 123 mussitare, id Mil. 


| 2, 5,67 (Vv. SILENT, TO BE). 





Il. Of things: 

1, os (by analogy with the human 
mouth: any mouth-like aperture): an 
aperture with a wide m., lato o. fenestra, 
Virg. Aen, 2, 482: vessels with a small 
m.,, vascila 0. angusti, Quint. I, 2, 28: 
also o! rtvers, etc.: in the very m. of the 
harbour, in ipsu aditu atque ore portus, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 12, 30: at the m. of the Tiber 
(a city was built), in ore Tiberis, Liv. 1, 
33, extr.: Tac. 2. ostium (of rivers, 


| etc.): the m. of the Rhone, o. Rhodani, 


Cues. B. C. 2, 1: the m. of a harbour, o. 
[aditusque] portus, Cic. Verr. 4, 53, 118. 

3. caput, itis, n. (more strictly, the 
source of a river, but also found to denote 
the other extremity): it flows into the 
sea by many m.s, Multis c. in oceanum 
influit, Caes. B. C. 4, 10, eztr. 4, 
aditus, Us (access, entrance): Virg. G. 4, 
35 (of the ms of hives): cf. supr. (1L., 
1). Phr.: the m.of ahive, foramen quo 
exitus et introitus datur (apibus), Col. 
9, 7, ad fin. (R. and A.): but a little 
above, ora cavearum, in same sense. 


| See also, APERTURE, ORIFICE. 


mouth (v.): perh. ampullor, 1: ef. 
Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 14, an tragica desaevit et 
ampullatur in arte, does he fume and 
mouth in tragic style? Phr.: words 
Should neither be m.’d out nor pronounced 
with affected nicety, *verba neque tu- 
mido ore (inflatis buccis) quasi in scenis 
pronuntianda neque putidius sunt ex- 
primenda (cf. Hor. A. P. 94: Cic. de Or. 


1. bucca (meton.) : 
am. of bread, b. panis, Petr. 44: Mart. 
10, 5, 4. 2. buccea : to eat (just) two 
m.s, duas bucceas manducare, Aug. in 
Suet. vit. 76, fin. 3, buccella: Mart. 
6,15, 3. To tale a m. (or to) of foo’, 
gustare, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, t1. See also 
MORSEL; the words under which express 
the same general sense. 

mouthpiece: |, That part of a 
wind instrument to which the mouth is 
applied: “ea pars quae ori inseritur, 
applicatur. — |]. One who delivers the 
opinions of others: interpres, @tis, c. 
(cf. Hor. A. P. 111, interprete lingua, the 
tongue being the instrument by which 
our thoughts are made intelligible) ; 
orator: Vv. SPOKESMAN. 

move (v.): A, Trans: |. To 
cause change of place: 1. moveo, 
movi, tum, 2: Cic.: Virg.: pass. Also 
comp. commiveo, 2 (to m. about, put in 
commotion): v. TO STIR. 9. agito, 1 











MOVER 





(tom. quicily, shake about) . v. TO SHAKE. 
Phr.: to m. heaven and earth, manibus 
pedibus obnixe omnia facere, ler. Andr. 
I, I, 134: oF perh. superos inferosque 
deos (ut aiunt) movere, tentare (cl. Virg. 
Aen. 7, 312, flectere si nequeo superos 
Acheronta Muvebo): or without a figure, 
omnia experiri, Ter. Andr. 2, 1, 11. 
|]. Special phr., to m. the bowels : 
alvum dejicere, Cato R. R. 158; solvere, 
Cels. 1, 3. ad fin., elicere, Plin. 19 5, 26 
§ 80. Ill. Zo affect the feelings - 
moveo, 2: to m. the feelings of judges, 
animos judicum m., Quint. 6, 2, 1: to m. 
the (Roman) people to tears, m. tletum 
populo, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228: to m. 
any one’s ill-temper, alicui stomachum 
m., id. Mur. 13, 28. Comp. commoveo, 
2 (stronger than simple verb, and very 
freq. in this sense): to m, (work upon 
the feelings of ) courts, judicia ¢., id. de 
Or. 2, 45, 189: to be md by any one’s 
sufferings and dangers, alicujus miseriis 
ac periculis commoveri, id. Font, 16, 36. 
See also TO ExciTk. Phr.: to m. any 
one to pity, aliquem ad misericordiam 
deducere, adducere, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 
189: I am md to pity, me miseret 
(with gen. of exciting cause): v. TO 
pity. |, To influence: méveo, per- 
moveo; impello: Vv. TO INFLUENCE, IN- 
DUCE, B. Intrans.: |. Zo be in 
motion: moveor, 2 (pass. refl.): that 
which m.s of itself, quod ipsum ex se 
sua sponte movetur, Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32: 
the clods began to m., glebae coepere 
moveri, Ov. M. 3, 106: also act, vuice, 
with pron. refl.: to be ever m.ing, semper 
se movere, Cic. N. D. 1, 13, 33. (Not 
commoyeri or commovere se in this 
sense.) ||. Zo remove from a place: 
1, méveo, 2 (with pron. reft.): he 

instructed them not tom. from the spot, 
praecepit eis, ne se ex eo loco moverent, 
Liv. 34, 20, med.: so with ellipsis of se, 
esp. in describing military movements : 
Hannibal m.d from his winter-quarters, 
Hannibal ex hibernis movit, Liv. 22, 
init. In same usage, se commovere 
(rather stronger than simple verb; to 
stir): Caes. B. G. 3, 15. 2. migro, 1 
(to change one’s abode): V. TO REMOVE 
(intrans.). Ill. Zo make a motion in 
an assembly: féro (before the people), 
référo (before the senate), censeo (de- 
noting the formal expression of an 
opinion) ; v. MOTION (LII., Phr.). 

move on: progrédior, 3: v. TO PRO- 
CEED. 

—— round: circumago, 3 (with pron. 
refl. Or as pass.) : V. TO REVOLVE. ; 

move (subs.): |. Of @ piece, as in 
chess: expr. by mveo, 2: Quint. 11, 2, 
38. Il, An ingenious course of pro- 
ceeding : perb.artificium: cf. Cic. Verr. 
4, 49, extr. See also TRICK. 

moveable: mobilis, e: the eyes, 
slippery and m., oculi lubrici et m., 
Cic. N. D. 2, §7, 142 (but the word usu. 
denotes more than the Eng.: viz., easily 
or readily moved, as here): m. property, 
Tes m., Ulp. Dig. 6, 1, 1 § 1 (for which 
Liv. has res moventes, 5, 25, med.). 
Phr.: all their m. property, sua omnia 
quae moveri poterant, Nep. Them. 2: 
a m. festival, feriae conceptivae, Mace. 
Sat. 1, 19, init : Varr. 

moveables (swbs.): v. preced. art. 


moveless; immotus: v. IMMOVE- 
ABLE. ‘ 
movement: |. Change of posi- 


tion ; motus, lis: v. MOTION. I]. An 
agitation, commotion: modtus: Vv. COM- 
MOTION, DISTURBANCE. Pbhr.: the m. 
party, rerum novarum avidi (which 
however has usu. a bad sense), Sall. Jug. 
19, init.: comp. novis rebus studere, 
Cic. Cat. 1, init.: v. REVOLUTION. [I]. 
in music: perh. mddus: v. STRAIN. 
mover: i.e. one who impels to ac 
tion: 1, auctor (originato:): the w 
in that project, ejus consilii a., Caes. 
B.G. 6, 31: Cic.: the m. of laws, a. 
legum, Liv. 6, 36, med. (rare in precisely 
this last sense). Q, lator: v. PRO- 
POSER. 3. impulsor: v. INSTIGATOR, 
4, dux, diicis, c, (the “prime mover”): 
Join: dux et magister (ad aliquid fa- 


j 





MOVING 





diendum), Cic. Verr. 3, 21, 54: V. RING- 
PEADEB. 

moving (adj.): i.e. calculated to 
excite pity: ]. flébilis,e: a wretched 
and m. sight, misera et f. species, Cic. 
Ph. 11, 3, 7: m. strains, f. modi, Hor. 
Od. 2,9, 9. (N.B.—By no means com- 
movens PR. and A.]; cf. Nagels. p. 321: 
though the verb commoveo may oiten 
serve, with object expressed: a@ m. 
strain, *aptus commovendis animis 
cantus, Nigels. lc.) 2, misérabilis, e 


(piteous)- m. epilogues (perorations), | 
m. epilogi, Cic. Pl. 34, 83: Hor. Phr.:| 


in the most m. manner, magna cum 
misericordia fletuque, Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 
extr. 

movingly: perh. flébiliter (mourn- 
fully, plaintively): Cic. 

mow (".): Phr.: to m. grass (for 


hay), fenum secare, subsecare, caedere, | 
succidere, demetere: v. Hay. (Metere | 


appears to be used only of reaping.) 

mower: fenisex, icis (fuen-): Varr. 
R. R. 1, 49: Col. Less freq. feniséca, 
Pers. 6, 40: also, fenisector or feni 
sector: Col. 11, 1, med. (Messor is 
reaper: q. V.) 

mowing (subs.): fénisicium: also, 

ae: V. HA)-HARVEST. 

much (adj.): 1, multus: with 
m. gold and silver, cam auro et argento 
multo, Sall. Jug. 13, med.: with m. toil, 
m. labore, Cic. Sull. 26, 73: in nom. and 
acc., the partitive constr. is usu. pre- 
ferred: to spend m, time over anything, 
mulium temperis in aliqua re con- 
sumere, id. Ac. 2, 4, 12: so, very m™., 
plurimum (cf. L. G. § 270): very m. 
labour and utility, \aboris, utilitatis 
plurimum, Quint. 10, 3. 1 Cic. 2: 
with abstract subss., magnus (somewhat 
stronger than multus): v. GREAT. 

much (as subs.): multum: v. preced. 


art. 

much (adv.): 1, multum (with 
verbs): not to trust m., non m. con- 
fidere, Caes. (8. G. 3, 25: they are m. 
(engaged) in the chase, m. sunt in vena- 
tionibus, ib. 4,1: Cic. Less. freq. with 
compar. (= multo, infr.): m. more 
robust, multum robustior, Juv. 10, 197. 
Very m., plurimum: to love any one 
very m., aliquem plurimum diligere. Cic. 
Fam. 1, 7: as m. as possible, quantum 
plurimum, Quint. 11, 3,120. 2, along 
with compar. and less freq. superl.: 
multo: m. the easier route, rm. facilius 
atque expeditius iter, Caes. B.G. 1,6: m. 
the grest-st part, m. (= longe) maxima 
pars, Cic. Man. 18, 54: Quint. Also with 
verbs and other words implying com- 
parison: zt is m. better, m. praestat, 
Sall, Jug. 31: to prefer m., m. ante- 
ponere, Cic. Fin. 4, 18. 49: not m. before, 
non m. ante, Nep. Epam. 3: Cic. ; 
va (in a high degree): to praise 
any one too m., aliquem niinis v. laudare, 
Cic. Leg. 3, 1, 1. See also GREATLY, 
EXCEEDINGLY. 

—as,as: |. Adj.: tantus.. quan- 
tus: Cic.: v. GREAT, as. (N.B—The 
first correlative is very often omitted.) 
Dimin., quantulus (when a small quan- 
tity is spoken of): as m. (and no more) 
as he thought proper, quantulum (sc. 
pecuniae) visum est, Cic. Div. Verr. 17, 
extr.: as m. as you please, quantusvis: 
PEelrUuC 2.) 47,022. {]. Adv. : iL 
tantum ...quantum: if you love me as 
m. as you assuredly do, si me amas 
tantum, quantum profecto amas, Cic. 
Att. 2, 20, 5. Dimin., quantulum, id. 
Verr. 3, 1, fim. (quantulum judicare pos- 
sumus). 2, with comparatives: tanto... 
quanto: v. MUCH (SO). Also sometimes 
with superl.: cf.Catul. 49, tanto pessimus 
emnium poeta, quanto tu optimus om- 
nium patronus: Vell. 3, with verbs of 
valuing, tanti .quanti: v. TO VALUE; 
and foll. art. 

— how: |. Adj.: quantus: v. 
GREAT (how). Esp. with part. gen.- 
how m. corn, qnantum frumenti, Cic. 
Verr. 3,18, init.: so, quantum temporis, 
laboris, etc.: id. pass. Very olt. in gen. 
with verbs of valuing: how m. did he 
give (for him) ? quanti emit? Ter. Eun. 


MUDDLE 


| 5, 5, 14: see how much I prize you, vide 
| quanti apud me sis, Cic. Fam. 7, 19. 
{]. Ade.: quantum: v. MUCH (AS). 
much, so: tantus (also, tam multus, 
cf. Cic. Fin. 1, 1, 1, fantum studium 
tamque multam operam ponere in aliqua 
re: the latter form is more emphatic): 
same constr. as quantus: v. MUCH (HOW). 
, too: |. Adj.: nimius: v. Fx- 
CEsstve. Veut. nimium used as subs. : 
the mean between too m. and too littl, 
mediocritas quae est inter nimium et 
parum, Cic. Off. 1, 25, fin.: too m. gold 
and silver, auri argentique n., Plin. 
I]. Adv.: 1, nimis: nothing too 
m. (in excess), ne quid nimis, Ter. Andr. 
I, 1, 34 (Gr. wndév ayav): strengthened 
by valde (nimis valde laudare), Cic. Leg. 
3, init. In same sense, nimium: you 
indulgehim toom., imium illi indulges, 
Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 20 (but nimis, nimium, 
often denote simply, in a high degvee, 
extremely: v. Lat. Dict. s. vv.). A 
plus aequo (more than is fair or rea- 
sonable): cf. Sall. Cat. 51, injurias 
gravius aequo habere, to feel injuries 
too much, too deeply: cf. Hor. Od. 3, 29, 
31, ultra fas trepidare, i.e. to be too m. 
alarmed. 

--- less: 1. nédum (ut): v. Less 
(much). 9. né (= nedum: rare}: 
as for me, nothing of the kind ever in- 
fluenced me even when Iwas a young 
man; m. less now I am old, me vero 
nihil istorum ne juvenem quidem movet, 
me nune senem, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, med. : 
cf. PL Am. 1, 1, 174, Vix incedo inanis, 
me ire posse cum onere existimes where 
the verb supplies the ellipse, that you 
may not suppose I could valk with a 
load). 8, expr. by né... quidem... 
non modo: een pigs would not «ish for 
that: m. less oneself, ne sues quidem id 
velint, non medo ipse, Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 
g2. Instead of non modo, Tac. bas adeo 
with a negative: cf. Ann. 6, 15, fin., 
ne... quidem... adeo.. . nunquam = 
much less (did he) ever. 4, expr. by 
tantum abest ut... (inverting the order 








of the clauses): Demosthenes himself 


does not satisfy me; m. less can I ad- 
mire my own writings, *tantum abest 
ut nostra miremur, ut nobis non satis- 
faciat Demosthenes (R. and A.): better 
perh. ut nobis ne Demosthenes quidem 
satisfaciat; cf. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
absum (1., fin.). 

mucilage: perh. micilago, inis, f.: 
as scient. ¢. ¢. 

muck: stercus, quisquiliae, purga- 
menta: V. DUNG, REFUSE. 

muck-heap: sterquilinium (dung- 
hill): Cato: Col. 

mucous: micdsus (slimy, resem- 
bling mucus): Col. (cruenta et mucosa 
ventris profluvies): necessary also as 
med. ¢. t. 

mud: 1, litum (ordinary dirt, 
as of highways): bespattered with rain 
and m., imbre |, que aspersus, Hor. Ep. 
I, 11,11: Cic.: Caes. Prov.: to stick 
in the m. (not to be able to get on), in 
(medio) 1. esse, Pl. Ps. 4, 2, 27; in 1. 
haesitare (haerere), Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 15. 
Covered with m., lutulentus, Ov. M. 1, 
434: v.MupDpy. Q, limus (slimy m.): 
Sertilizing m., felix 1, Virg. G. 2, 188: 
the (overflowing) river covers everything 
with a layer of m., amnis obducto tenet 
omnia 1, ib. 1, 115: Liv. 3, coenum 
(foul, stinking m.): Cic.: Col. 

mud-built ; liiteus: Ov. F. 1, 158 
(l. opus = the swallow's nest): Plin.: 
Vv. MUD-WALL. 

muddily ;: litiilenté: Non. 131, 32. 
Or expr. by adj. : as he flcwed m. along, 
quum flueret lutulentus, Hor. S. 1, 4, 11: 
ef. L. G. § 343. 

muddiness: expr. by litum, liti- 
lentus: v. MUD, MUDDY. 

muddle (subs.): perth. turba: v, MESS 
(IV.). Phr.. everything was ina m., 
*confusa erant omnia, tanquam temere 
ac nullo consilio administrata. 

muddle (¥.): 
muddy: Pbhr.: 
turbulentam (or turbidam, ef. Cic. ‘Tusc. 


5, 34, 97) facere, Phaedr. 1, 1,5 ; (aquam) 












' 
only. 
|. To make ftuids | altero numero dividi patitur, ita ut nihil 
to m. water, aquam | fiat reliqui.) 


MULTIPLICATION 


————————e—e——————— SSS...» ai a 


turbare, Ov. M. 7, 154 (cf. Hor.S. 1, 1,60, 
aqua limo turbata). ||. 70 throw into 
confusion. confundo, permisceo, per- 
turbo: v. TO CONFUSE, DISTURB. Uk 
In pass., to be m.d=to be intozicated, 
ebrium esse, vino Madere Vv. DRUNK. 

muddy: 1. litdsus (full of mud, 
in a muddy state): m. soil, |, terra, Cato 
in Plin.18,19,49$176:ColL 2, lita 
lentus (covered with m.): Ov. M. 1, 434. 

8, liteus (strictly, of mud; mud- 

built: also in later writers —lutulen- 
tus): Juv. 10, 132 (=dirty): Plin. 4, 
limdsus (cf. srup, 2): Virg.. Ov. 5. 
turbidus (of water): Cic. Tusc. 5, 34,97: 
Virg. (for which Phaedr. has turbu- 
lentus, 1, 1, 5: and Hor. limo turbatus, 
S. 1, 1, 60). 

mud-wall: litamentum (mud-work 
of any kind): Cato R. R. 128. (Or cir- 
cuml., murus crudo latere ac luto con- 
structus, Col. 9, 1, post init.; murus 
lateribus constructus, cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 
10: or simply, luteus murus: cf. Plin. 
7, 56, 57 § 194, Toxius. . . lutei aedificil 
inventor, i. e. the inventor of mud-houses, 
as an improvement upon caves). 

muff: *tegumentum manuum pel- 
liceum (Kr.); *integumentum manibus 
involvendis quam nostrates muffam 
dicunt. 

muffle: 1, involvo, vi, itum, 3: 
Vv. TO WRAP UP. 2, vbvolvo, 3 (to 
cover by a wrapper laid upon anything): 
with the head m.d up, capite obvoluto, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 72: Liv. Phr.: amd 
sound, *sonus surdus (summissus) et 
qualis fit campanae fasciis obvolutae: 
the bells rang a md pral, *sumniisso 
murmure campanae sonabant. 

muffler: nearest word. invOéliicrum: 
Vv. WRAPPER. Phr.: to put a m. over 
the head, caput vbvolvere: ¥. TO MUFFLE. 

mug: poctlum, ureeus: v. CUP, 
PITCHER. 

muggy: Phr.: m. atmosphere, *coe- 
lum densum atque humidum, 

mulberry: |, The tree: morus: 
Ov.: Plin. H. The fruit: morum: 
Hor.: Plin. (Cf. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.) 

mulct: v- FINE. 

mule; milus: Pl: Cic. As term 
of reproach: you m., mule! Cat. 83, 3 
Fem. mila: Prov., when tle m. foals, 
i. e. never, quum mula peperit, Suet. 
Gal. 4. See also HYBRID. 

muleteer: miilio, Onis, m.: Caes. 
B. G. 7, 45: Suet. (Also, muli agitator, 
cf. Virg. G. 1, 272.) 

mulish: obstinatus: v. STUBBORN. 

mull (v.): Phr.: tom. wine, *vinum 
fervefacere, atque odores (aromuata) ad- 
jicere, addere: cf. Col. 12, 20. 

mullein; *verbascum (Linn.). 

mullet: 1, mullus: Cic.: Varr. 
Dimin. mullulus, Cic. Par. 5, 2, 38 
(Orell. mullos). 2. perb. mugil or 
migilis, is, m. (v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
8. v.): used as an instrument in puntsh- 
ing adulterers, Juv. 10, 317: Cat.: 
Plin. 

mullion: *mullio qui dicitur. 

multangular: multangilus: v. 
POLYGONAL. 

multifarious: varius, multiplex: 
v. VARIOUS, MANIFOLD. Phr.: to have 
such m. engagements, tot tantisque dis- 
tineri occupauionibus, cf. Cic. Fam. 12, 
30, init.: m. learning, varia et miscella 
et quasi confusanea doctrina, Gell. pref. : 
to be a person of wide and m. reading, 
multa et varia lectitare, ib. (Multifa- 
rius= of many kinds, Gell. 5, 6, init.) 

multifariously: varié; multis va- 
riisque modis: v. VARIOUS, VARIOUSLY, 
(Multifariam =in many places: Cic 
de Or. 2, 41, init.: Liv.) 

multiform: multiformis, e: Cic. 
Acad. 1, 7, 26: Col. 

multilateral: Vv. PCLYGONAL. 

multiple; *numerus multiplus (after 
anal, of duplus, quadraplus); multiplum 
(like duplum, double): in scient. lang. 
(Or circuml. *numerus qui se 


multirlication: multiplicatio: “2 
sum which results from m. (“product”). 


487 


MULTIPLIER 





MURDEROUS 





summa quae ex m. efficitur, Col. 5, 2, 
init. (Or expr. by verb. v. ro MUL- 
TIPLY). 
multiplier: *numerus multiplicans. 
multiply: |. Zo increase by avith- 
metical process: multiplico, 1; to m. the 
two sides (of a rectangle) into each other, 
m. inter se duo latera, Col. 5, 2, inzt.: 
to m.a number by itself, numerum in 
se m., ib. med.: also, numerum cum 
alteronumerom.,ib. |f{ Ingen. sense, 
to increase greatly : multiplico, 1 - debts 
were m,’d in those two years, aes alienum 
eo biennio multiplicatum est, Caes. B. C. 
3, 32: Ov, Vulg. Gen. xvi. Io. ll. 
Intrans,., to grow in numbers: cresco, 
augeor, etc.: V.TOQ INCREASE. Increase 
and m., crescite et multiplicamini: Vulg. 
Gen. i. 28. 
multitude: J. 4 great number : 
j, multitido: a m. of ships, m. 
navium, Caes. B. G. 5, 8: Cic. OF 
expr. by multi, ae, a; or stronger, plu- 
rimi: v. MANY. In like manner, such a 
m., tot; V. MANY (SO). 3. vis, vim, 
vi, f. (a very large number or great 
abundance of anything : “a host”): an 
immense n. (or quantity) of frogs, vis 
maxima ranunculorum, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 
Jin. : see also Host (11). (N.B.—Beware 
of silva in this sense; it denotes the swb- 
gect matter of a science : cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 
30, init.) ||, Agreat nwmber of people: 
1, multitido: so vast a m., tanta m., 
Caes. B.G. 2, 6: Cic.: in this sense, may 
be foll. by hominum: Cic. Caec, 12, 33. 
Join: quanta multitudo, quanta vis 
hominum, id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, 160. or 
vis hominum: cf. supr. (L., 3). 3%, 
turba (a m. in confusion): v. CROWD, 
THRONG. 4, coetus, is (an assem- 
blage of any kind): Cic.: Suet. Ill. 
The common run of men, as distin- 
guished from the more select few : iB 
vulgus, i, . (rarely m.): there is no 
wisdom in the m., non est consilium in 
v., Cic. Pl. 4, 9: adapted to please the 
m., gratum in vulgus, id. Att. 2, 22: 
Virg.: Hor. 2. multitido (a less 
offensive expr. than preceding): to de- 
pend upon the errors of the ignorant m., 
ex errore imperitae m. pendere, Cic. Off. 
I, 19, 65: the credu/ous m., credula m., 
Just. 2, 8, fin. Phr.: one of the m. (a 
person of no distinction), unus e multis, 
Cic. Fin. 2. 20, fin.: also, unus de multis, 
id. Off. 1, 30, 109. ; 
multitudinous: plirimus (cf. Virg. 
Aen. 2, 369, plurima mortis imago) ; or, 
densissimus, creberrimus (very thick, 
thronging together): v. NUMEROUS, 
CROWDED (adj.). 
mumble; murmiiro, 1: v.TO MUTTER. 
mummer: perh. lidius (a panto- 
mimist): Cic. Sext. 54, 116. (More 
precisely, *ludius personatus.) 
mummery; perh. praestigiae, arum : 
V. TRICK. 
mummy: corpus (cadaver) arte me- 
dicatum, odoribus differtum: cf. Mela, 
I, 9 (mortuos....arte medicatos intra 
penetralia coflocant); Tac. A. 16, 6 
(corpus...differtum odoribus conditur). 
Phr.: fo beat toa m.,ad mortem mulecare, 
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 10: verberibus (pugnis, 
plagis) usque ad necem caedere, cf. id. 
Andr. I, 2, 28. (Late Lat. mumia, de- 
noting the aromatic substance used in 
embalming ; and so, an embalmed body: 
Du Cange, s. Vv.) 
mumps: *cynanche parotidaea (Web- 
ster). 
munch: mandico, 1; mando, 3: v. 
TO CHEW 
mundane; mundanus (relating to 
the world or wniverse): the m. soul (vital 
principle of the world), anima m., Macr. 
3. S. 2, 16, fin. (Or gen. of mundus: v. 
WORLD.) 
municipal: 1, minicipilis, e (of 
or relating ‘o a municipium or town 
having laws of its own): a m. common- 
wealth, respublica m., Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 
36: m. magistracies, magisteria m., 
Suet. Aug. 2. 2, expr. by munici- 
pium (a m. town: cf. supr. 1): the m. 
elections, *comitia municipii or munici- 
piorum. cf, Dict. Ant. p. 318. 
488 








MUSCLE 





municipality; minicipium: cf. pre- | 


ced. art. | 
munificence : 1, miunificentia 
(subs. not in Cic.): Join: beneficia 
(pl.) ac munificentia, Sall. Cat. 54, init. ; | 
liberalitas et munificentia, Julian. Dig. : | 
Vv. LIBERALITY. Q. largitas: Cic. Br. 
4, 16 (1. tui muneris). 
munificent: 1, munificus, comp. 
-centior, sup. -centissimus (giving freely | 
and bountifully): to be m. in giving, in 
dando m. esse, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 
libéralis, €. V. LIBERAL, BOUNTIFUL. 
munificently ; minificé (cf. preced. 
art.): Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69 (tam m. et 
tam large dare). Vv. LIBERALLY. 
muniment: munimentum: v. FORTI- 
FICATION. A m.-room, *cella ab incen- 
diis ceterisque periculis tuta. 
munition: Vv. FORTIFICATION, Phr.: 
m.s of war, belli apparatus, Caes. 
mural: miralis, e: a m. crown, co- 
rona m., Liv. 23, 18, med.: Caes. 
murder (subs.): 1, caedes, is, f. 
(slaughter of one or many, strictly with 
the sword): tf a m. have taken place, 
they (the Druids) try the criminal, si 
caedes facta est, iidem decernunt, Caes. 
6,13: Sall.: Cic. Join: caedes et oc- 
cisio (for greater precision and empha- 
sis), Cic. Caec. 14, fin. 2, expr. by 
néco, interficio, obtrunco, etc.: by the 
m. of his son he cleared his house for 
the guilty match, necato filio vacuam 
domum scelestis nuptiis fecisse, Sall. Cat. 
15: he procured the m. of Aurius, Au- 
rium tollendum interficiendumque cura- 
vit, Cic. Clu. 8, 23: Vv. TO MURDER. 3. 
nex, nécis, f. (death by violent or cruel 
means: nex is passive in sense, and so 
correlative to caedes, which is active): 
the m. of many citizens, multorum 
civium neces, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18: Vv. 
DEATH. 4, parricidium (m. of father, 
mother, or other near relation): the m. 
of a father and uncle, patris et patrui 
p., Cic. Ph. 3, 7,18: of a brother, p. fra- 
ternum, id. Clu. 11, init.; p. fratris, 
Liv. 40, 24: and even, p. filii, the m. of 
a son, Liv. 8, 11, med. 5, homici- 
dium (infreq.): Tac. G. 21: Quint.: v. 
HOMICIDE. Phr.: to accuse any one of 
m. (assassination), aliquem inter sica- 
rios accusare, Cic. R. Am. 32, 99: @ 
trial for m., quaestio inter sicarios, id. 
Clu. 53, 147. 
murder (v.): yi méeol, ris we TO 
KILL. 2. jigiilo, 1 (as a cut-throat 
does): he directed that most excellent 
citizens should be md, cives optimos 
jugulari jussit, Cic. Ph. 3, 2, 4: ef. Hor. 
Ep. 1, 2, 32, ut jugulent homines, sur- 
gunt de nocte latrones. 3, triicido, 1 
(to slay wholesale) : v. T0 BUTCHER, MAS- 
SACRE. 4, obtrunco, 1 (to cut down 
with the sword, assassinate; whereas 
neco is tokill in any wicked or cruel way 
soever): he m.s Polydorus, and forcibly 
possesses himself of his gold, Polydorum 
obtruncat, et auro vi potitur, Virg. Aen. 
3, 55: Liv. 1, 5, extr. (N.B.—Not in 
the prose of Cic.) 5, interficio, 3 (to 
put to death in any way): Join: tol- 
lere atque interficere, Cic. Clu. 8, 23: Vv. 
TO KILL. 
murderer: 1, hdmicida, ae, c. 
(infreq., but apparently a legal term): 
whether they (Brutus and Cassius) ave 
m.s or liberators of their country, homi- 
cidae sint an vindices patriae, Cic. Ph. 2, 
12, extr.: Juv.: Quint. 9, sicarius 
(one, whose trade ts murder): Cic.: 
Hor.: v. ASSASSIN. 8, parricida (of a 
Jather, mother, or other near relation) : 
V, PARRICIDE, FRATRICIDF. 4, expr. by 
circuml. with néco, occido, etc. : they say 
that one who is by his own confession 
am., ought not to lool upon the light of 
day, negant intueri lucem esse fas ei, 
qui a se hominem occisum esse fateatur, 
Cic. Mil. 3,7. v. TO MURDER, KILL. 
murderous: Phr.: to carry a wea- 
pon with m. tent, esse cum telo homi- 
nis occidendi causa, Cic. Mil. 4, 11: the 
missiles fell with m. effect, *missilia (or 
tormenta, if the reference is to engines 
of war, artillery) foedam stragem dedere ; 
vis ingens missilium telorum est conjecta 





cum magna [hostium] strage: cf. Liv 
4, 23, fin. ; 38, 22, ad jin.: also, HAVOC 
(Also, sanguinarius, cruentus, sangui- 
neus, the two latter only in verse, may 
sometimes serve: V. BLOODY, BLOOD- 
THIRSTY.) 

murderously: perh. atrociter (cru- 
elly, horribly): cf. Tac. H. 1, 2, atro- 
cius in urbe saevitum. Or by circuml., 
*cum magna strage hominum (if the 
reference be to extent of carnage); *ex 
libidine hominum trucidandorum: cf. 
preced, art. 

muriatic acid: *acidum muriati 
cum, scient. ¢. t. 

murkily : expr. by adj. (L. G. § 343): 
Vv, MURKY. 

murkiness; obsctritas: v. DABK- 
NESS. 

murky: 1. caligindsus: m. night 
c. nox, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 30: light wrapt 
in m. gloom, lux caliginosis involuta 
tenebris, Val. Max, 1, 7, extern. § 1: 


Cic.: v. FOGGY. 2. ténebrosus: v. 
DARK (I.). 
murmur (subs.): |, A low sound: 


], murmur, tris, n.: the m. of the 
sea, m, maris, Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 161: so, 
of a running stream, Hor, Ep. 1, to, 21. 

2, stisurrus (a soft, whispering 
sound): v. HUM (2). 3, Sonus, s6ni- 
tus (gen. term), with some qualifying 
adj., as lenis, placidus: v. SOUND. 4, 
frémitus, is (@ hoarse m.): Caes. B. G. 
2, 24 (clamor fremitusque): Tac.: v. 
ROAR (subs.). []. 4 complaint : x 
murmuratio (the act of murmuring or 
complaining : late): Sen, Ben. 5, 15, 3: 
Vulg. Phil. ii. 74, etc. 2, quéréla: 
Vv. COMPLAINT. 

murmur (.): |. Zo give forth 
a low, continuous sound: 1, mur- 
miro, 4: by the banks of the m.ing 
Hebrus, ripis murmurantis Hebri, Stat. 
Sil. 2, 7, 98: Cic. Tuse. 5, 40, 116 (fremi- 
tus murmurantis maris): Virg. oe 
frémo, ui, itum, 3 (hoarsely): v. TO 
ROAR. 8, susurro, 1 (softly): v.10 
WHISPER, HUM. 4, musso, I: used 
by Virg. of the ming noise of bees, 
G. 4, 188. {. Zo complain, usu. in 
@ suppressed tone: 1, murmiro, r 
infreq. in this sense): the slaves m. 
grumble), servi m., Vl. Mil. 3, 1,147: 
Vulg. Comp. admurmuro, 1 (to indi- 
cate disapproval by confused noises), 
Cic. Verr. 5, 16, 41: cf. id. Att. 1, 13, 
2 (where some suppose it denotes ap- 
proval, but wrongly). 2, musso, 
mussito, I: V. TO MUTTER. 8. frémo, 
3 (angrily): foll. by ace. and inf., he 
ms (loudly) at the consulate being 
snatched out of his hands, consulatum 
sibi ereptum fremit, Cic. Att. 2, 7, med. : 
Liv.: ‘lac. 4. quéror, stus, 3: v. TO 
COMPLAIN. 

murmurer: expr. by verb, esp. 
imperf. part.: ef. L. G. § 638. 

murmuring (swbs.): murmiratio: 
v. MURMUR (1I.). 

murmuring (adj.): 
sound, murmur, susurrus, 
MURMUR. 

murrain: pestiféra lues, Col. 1, 4, 
med.; or simply, pestilentia, id. 6, 5, 
init.: cf. Veg. Vet. 3, 23: so Liv. 3, 32, 
uses pestilentia with ref. to both men 
and cattle, pestilentia foeda homini, 
foeda pecori. Phr.: there ensued @ 
grievous m. in the summer, insecuta est 
gravis pestilensque pecori aestas, ef. 
Liv. 5, 13, med. 

muscle: 1. Of the body: 1 
musciilus: Cels. 5, 26, 3: Lucan. a 
torus (the rounded, fleshy part: poet.): 
the m.s of the (upper) arms, lacertorum 
tori, poet. in Cic. Tuse. 2, 9, 22: Virg.: 
Ov 3. lacertus (the muscles of the 
upper arm; thews): (Mile) rendered 


Phr: am. 
ett. 3 ¥. 


Jamous by his m.s and loins, ex lateri- 


bus et lacertis nobilitatus, Cic. Mil. 9, 
2) (see the context): cf. supr. (2). 
Fig.: of strength or vigour in oratory, 
Cic. Br. 16, fim. (in Lysia saepe sunt 
lacerti, sic ut fieri nihil possit valentius). 

4, nervus (the sinewy part of the 
muscle): Vv. SINEW, I]. A kind of 
shell-fish (mussel): mytilus or mitiilus 








MUSCULAR 





(sea-muscle): Hor.S. 2,4,27. (*Mytilus 
edulis, Linn.) 

muscular: |. Pertaining to the 
muscles, of the nature of muscle: mus- 
cildsus: the heart is of a m. nature, 
cor natura musculosum, Cels.4,1- Ih. 
Having abundance of muscle, brawny: 

1, ldcertdsus (strictly, with power- 
ful arms): m. centurions, |. centuriones, 
Cic. Ph. 8, 9, 26: Ov. also in general 
sense, of horses, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, ad fin. 

9, térdsus: m. youth, t. Juventus, 
Pers. 3, 86 Col.. v. BRAWNY 8, in 

en. sense, robustus ; Vv, STRONG, ROBUST. 

hr.: m. strength, lacerti (cf. MUSCLE, 
I., 3); vires, with or without corporis 
(physical strength, in widest sense), Cic. 
Sen. 10, 33. 

Muse (subs.): 1, Misa: Cic.. 
Hor. ; the softer M.s (of poetry, elc.), M. 
mansuctiores, Cic. Fam. 1, 9,9: whereas 
M. agrestiores, id Or. 3, 12, are the 
sterner M.s (of oratory, etc.): a friend 
of the M.s, Musis amicus, Hor. Od. 1, 26, 
1: an enemy to them, aversus a Musis, 
Cic. Arch. 9, 20. to have any dealings 
with the M.s, aliquod commercium cum 
M. habere, id. Tusc. 5, 23, 66. yd 
Caména (strictly, a designation of cer- 
tain Latin prophetic women; but used 
as syn. of Musa): favourite of the M.s 
nine, acceptus novem C., Hor. Car. Sec. 
62: Pers.: Plin. 

muse (v.): cogito, méditor, etc.: v. 
TO MEDITATE. 

museum: Miséum (a temple or 
abode of the Muses): Varr. R. B. 3, 5, 
med.: in Suet. Claud. 42, the term is 


_ applied to a library. (N.B.—Museum 


is given by Kr. for a depository of «orks 
of art, etc.; but in this sense, it 1s better 
prefaced by a “quod dicitur,” “ quod 
dicunt.”) 

mushroom : 1, fungus (gen. 
term): m.s that grow in meadows, f. 
pratenses, Hor. S. 2, 4, 20: cf. Plin. 22, 
23, 47, where various kinds are men- 
tioned; m.s with a pale red (pink) siin, 
f. qui rubent callo diluto rubore, Plin. 
lc. Q, bolétus (a choice kind; spoken 
of as distinct trom fungi: Juv. 5, 147, 
ancipites fungi ponentur amicis; bole- 
tus domino: also Plin. 1. c., whence we 
learn that they were of a red colour): 
Mart. (N.B.—The eatable m. of our 
tables is *agaricus campestris, Linn. ; 
probably the same as the fungi pra- 
tenses of Hor.) 

music: |. The art : misica, ae or 
-é, 68; also musica, orum: to treat of m., 
musicam tractare, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 132: 
to teach any one m., aliquem musicam 
docere, Nep. pref. init.: but the form 
musicen (acc.) is also used: id. Epam, 
init. The neut. pl. musica strictly de- 
notes music as a matter of detailed 
knowledge and practice: he was no less 
distinguished in m., non minore fuit in 
musicis gloria, Nep. Ep. 2: very fond 
of m., musicorum perstudiosus, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 22, 63: but in Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 
init., it is precisely = musica (sc. ars), 
being classed with other “artes”: and 
so elsewhere in Cic. (N.B—Ter, has 
musica ars, in Gk. sense = poetry: Phor, 
prol. 18.) Phr.: to teach any one m. 
(to play wpon a stringed instrument), 
fidibus aliquem docere, Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 
med. (cf. Nep. Epam. 2, citharizare et 
cantare ad chordarum sonum doctus est 
a Dionysio). Il. 4s played : if 
cantus, us: the m. of voices, strings, and 
flutes, c. vocum et nervorum et tibi- 
arum, Cic. R. Am. 46,134: cf. id. Leg. 2, 
15, 38, where cantus (pl.)=tunes: vocal 
m., vocis c., Quint. 5, 10,124. 2, con- 
centus, ts (of a number singing or per- 
forming together): the m. of voice and 
lyre, c. vocis lyraeque, Ov. M. If, 11: 
m. (concert) of birds, c. avium, Cic. Leg. 
6 yh ue ve 3, modus, esp. in pl. 
(a measured tune or strain): to dance 
to the m. of the flute, ad tibicinis modos 
saltare, Liv. 7,2: V.STRAIN. 4, sym- 
phonia (instrumental m.): when there 
was m. (a musical performance) at those 
entertainments, quum in iis conviviis s. 
caneret, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44. 105: to sing 





MUST 





to m., ad s. canere, Sen. Ep. 12, 8: dis 
Saves m., s. discors, Hor. A. P. 374: 
in. 

musical : |. Relating to music: 

1, musicus: m. theory (or princt- 
ples), ratio musica, Vitr. 5, 3, 8: m. 
laws (style of music), m. leges, Cic. Leg. 
2, 15, 39. 2. mélicus (Gr. pedckos" 
rare in this sense): m. sounds, m. 
sonores, Lucr. 5, 335. (In Cic.=lyrical.) 

. Symphoniacus: Vv. MUSICIAN, 

I]. Acquainted with or having a 
taste Jor music: Phr., to be very m., 
musicorum perstudiosum esse, Cic. lusc. 
5, 22, 63: to have a m. ear, *eleganti, 
recto, vero artis (? rei) musicae judicio, 
sensu valere, Kr.» to be quite destitute 
of m. taste, *abhorrere a re musica : Kr. 
gives, *nil videre in re melica (e Bau.). 

II]. Pleasant to the ear: canorus: 
V. MELODIOUS. 

musically: |. In accordance with 
the principles of music: miisieé (rare): 
Apul. Or by circuml., *e ratione mu- 
sica: V. MUSICAL. |]. Melodiously : 
canore (rare): Apul. 

musician: 1. miisicus (one skilled 
in music): Cic. Off, 1, 41, init. 2) 
symphoniicus puer or servus (a musical 
slave in the keeping of a wealthy per- 
son): Cic. Mil. 21,55. (When the refer- 
ence is simply to one performing on a 
musical instrument, fidicen, tibicen, etc., 
must be used. v LYRIST, etc.) 

musk: *moschus. (An abdominal 
secretion of the musk-deer, *moschus 
moschiferus, Cycl.) 

musket: *sclopetum (stl-): a name 
formed by onomatopoeia; Kr.: or, *bom- 
barda, id. (Kr. gives also tubus igni- 
vomus, ex Wyttenb., but the expr. is 
unsuited for prose, and not elegant 
enough for verse. Unless precision be 
required, all the above are best avoided, 
and telum or tormentum employed.) 

— ball: glans. ndis, f. (any kind 
of bullet): Caes. B. G. 5, 43. 

— ghot: “ictus sclopeti (Kr.). 
Phr.: within m., *intra sclopeti jactum 
(Kr.): they did not venture within m., 
non ausi sunt eo progredi ubi tela (mis- 
silia) nostrorum contingere possent : 
he received a m. in the right thigh, 
*dextrum femur glande ictus est. 

musketeer; *miles sclopeto armatus 
(R. and A.). 

musketry: Phr.: a brisk fire of 
m., *assidue conjecta missilia; missilium 
ingens vis ingesta. (Comp. MUSKET.) 

muslin: 1. perh. byssus, i, f. 
(strictly, a kind of jine flax, or the 
Jabric made of it): v. Dict. Ant. s. v. 

9, Coa, orum, n. (fine, transparent 
drapery): Hor. S. 1, 2, 101: also, Coa 
vestis, Prop. I, 2, 2: v. Dict. Ant. s. v. 
(N.B.—It is probable that, in the later 
period of ancient history, cotton was 
used for making fine fabrics: v. Dict. 
Ant. 8. VV.) 

Mussulman: v- Mahometan. 

must (svbs.): mustum: Cato R. R. 
120: Virg.: Cic. 

must (v.): 1, nécesse est (must 
needs): usu. foll. by inf.: man m. die, 
bomini n. est mori, Cic. Fat. 9, 17: also 
absol., to buy not what ycu want, but 
what you m., emere non quod opus est, 
sed quod n. est, Cato in Sen. Ep. 94, 28. 

2, expr. by gerundive; the impersonal 
form being used with dat. of personal 
subject, in the case of verbs which do 
not govern an accusative; the personal 
in others (the ger. denotes usu. the com- 
pulsion of duty; whereas necesse est 
denotes absolute necessity) : we m. resist 
old-age, resistendum est senectuti, Cic. 
Sen. 11, 35: you m. see to this, hoc 
vobis providendum est, Sall. Cat. 51, ad 
init.: we m. above all things avoid a dry 
teacher, in primis evitandus (est) ma- 
gister aridus, Quint. 2, 4, 8: cf. L2G. 
§$ 534, sqq. 8, expr. by Spus est, 
dportet, debeo (of that which it ts need- 
ful or proper to do): (he was in doubt) 
as to what m. be done, quid facto opus 
esset, Sall. Cat. 46 (the same phr. occurs, 
Liv. 3, 38, post init., quid opus facto sit): 
one m. use expedition, opus est mature 





MUTABILITY 





facto, Sall.Cat. 1: v. NEED, OUGHT. 4, 
expr. by fut. imperat. (where must ex- 
presses an injunction): you m. neither 
bury nor burn a corpse within the city, 
hominem mortuum in urbe ne sepelito, 
neve urito, Vet. Lex in Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 
58: soib. § 59, hoc plus ne facito, rogum 
ascia ne polito: when you come to the 
temple of Diana, you m. turn to the right, 
ubi ad Dianae veneris, ito ad dextram, 
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44: tf you have no news, 
you must write whatever is uppermost, 
si rem nullam babebis, quod in buccam 
venerit scribitu, Cic. Att, 1, 12, extr.: so 
in the familiar expr. (introducing a piece 
of intelligence), you m. know..., scito 
(with acc. and inf.), ib. 2, 8, med. A 
negative injunction is often expr. by noli, 
with inf.: you m. not suppose that..., 
noli putare, Cic. Br. 33, 125. 

mustache: V. MOUSTACHE. 

mustard: sinapi, is, n.; also, sina- 
pis, is, f.: m., very wholesome, saluber- 
rimum corpori sinapi, Plin. 19, 8, 54: 
Col.: Pall. (who have the fem. form). 

—  plaister: sivapismus: Coel. 
Aur. To administer a m., sinapizo, 1: 
Veg. Vet. 2, 6, ad fin. 

muster (v-.) : A. Trans.: 1. 
Lit., to assemble troops for review, etc. : 
perh. congrégo, convéco, 1: Vv. TO As- 
SEMBLE, CALL TOGETHER. Or perb. better 
represented by récenseo, lustro, etc.: v. 
TOREVIEW. Phr.: to m. the whole of 
one’s forces, wniversas copias in con- 
spectum dare, Curt. 3, 2,7nit. For to mus- 
ter out, V. TO DISBAND, DISCHARGE (V.). 

I]. Fig.: to muster up, i. e. gather, 

assume: Phr.: tom.upcourage, animum 
(animos, of more than one) sumere, 
Ov. F. 1, 147; animum erigere (to take 
heart), Cic. Clu. 70, 200; se erigere, id. 
Deiot. 14, 38; or erigi, Hor. S. 2, 8, 58: 
he could not m. up courage to ask: 
*animus ei defuit ad rogandum; pro- 
hibebat pudor rogare, percontari (cf. 
Hor. S. 1, 6, 57). Intrans., of 
troops: Phr.: he ordered all Jioman 
citizens, horse and foot, to m. in the 
Campus Martius, edixit ut omnes cives 
Romani, equites peditesque in Campo 
Martio adessent, Liv. 1, 44, imtl.: so 
adesse is used, id. 21, 21, primo vere 
edico adsitis, “ you are to m. at the com- 
mencement of spring.” 

muster (subs.): récensus, récensio : 
Vv. REVIEW. Phr.: those recruits will 
scarcely pass m., *vix se approbabunt 
duci tirones isti: cf. Tac. Agr. 5, rudi- 
menta castrorum duci approbare. 

muster-roll; perh. album (any re- 
gister): cf. Tac. A. 4, 42, extr., a. sena- 
torium: or laterculum (a tablet: late): 
Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1 § 7 (judices tam civiles 
quam militares in nostro laterculo...): 
Forcell. (N.B.—Often the word need 
not be literally expressed : the m. of the 
Carthaginians contained as many as 
150,000 names, ad centum quinquaginta 
millia Poenus habuisse in armis creditur, 
Liv. 21, 8, init.: more precisely, numero 
copiarum inito, ad centum quinquaginta 
millia Poenus in armis habuisse repertus 
est: cf. Curt. 3, 2, fin.) 

mustiness; mucor: acidity and m. 
of wine, vini acor et m., Ulp. Dig. 18, 6, 
4, tit. ; V. MOULDINESS. 

musty: 1, miucidus: m. wine, 
m. vinum, Mart. 8, 6, 4: acid and m. 
wines, vina acida et m., Pomp. Dig. 18, 
6, 6. So, to become m., mucorem contra- 
here: v. MOULDY. 9, in fig. sense, 
perh. dpicus (from the anctent people so 
named), worm-eaten, m. tomes, exesae 
tineis opicaeque chartae, Aus. Prof. 22, 3 
(but the word is otherwise explained). 

mutability; 1, mutabilitas (rare): 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 76. 2. expr. by vicis, 
em, @; pl. vices... vicibus, f. (change, 
alternation): the Senate was touched by 
(this instance of ) the m. of human for- 
tune, commoti Patres vice fortunarum 
humanarum, Liv. 7, 34, med.: cf. Plin. 
Pan. 5, jin., habet has vices conditio 
mortalium, i. e. ts thus subject to m. 
(“ups and downs”). (Or expr. by mus 
tabilis, muto: v. CHANGEABLE ; CHANGK, 
subs. and v.) 

489 


MUTABLE 


MY 





mutable; mutabilis, etc. v. cHANGE- 
ABLE. 

mute (adj.): 
SPEECHLESS. 

mute (subs.): |. Dung of birds: 
merda: Hor. S. 1, 8, 39 li, 4 con- 
sonant inaudible by itself: miita (sc. 
littera): Quint. 1, 4, 6. I]. An at- 
tendant at afuneral: (?) atratus (homo): 
v. Lat. Dict. s. v 

mute (v.): merdis inquinare: Hor. s. 
lech che 
F mutely: expr. by mitus: ef. L.G. 

343. 

mutilate: 1. mitilo, 1 (¢o lop off 
apart of the body, as the nose, ears, etc. . 
also, with divect acc. of the body from 
which a part is lopped off): to m. the 
bodies (of elephants) with hatchets, cor- 
pora securibus m., Curt. 9, 2, med. 
(where the sense is prob. by hewing off 
the trumk): to m. a person by cutting off 
ears and nose, [alicui] aures naresque 
m., ib. 7, 5,,fiv.; aliquem lacerare, naso 
auribusque mutilatis, Liv, 29, 9, med. 

9. trunco, 1 (like preced., but used 

of lopping off the more important mem- 
bers; as, the arms, legs, head): to m. 
corpses, cadavera tr., Lucan 6, 584: with 
body m.d by wounds, truncato ex vul- 
neribus corpore, Vac. A. 1, 17. Also 
comp. détrunco, 1: Liv. 31, 34, med. 
(= to behvad). See also foll. art. 

mutilated (part.adj.): 1, mutilus 
(strictly, having lost the extremities, 
wholly or in part): Hor. S. 1, 5, 60 
(= having lost a horn): broken and m. 
characters, litterae truncae atque m., 
Gell. 17, 9. med.. Cic. (in fig. sense = 
unconnected, fragmentary, Or. 9, 32, 
etc.). Of a MS., to be very much m., 
multis locis m. esse, Tisch. pref. N. I’. 

2. miiilatus (poet.): the tuil of a 

m. viper, m. cauda colubrae, Ov. M. 6, 
559. 3, truncus (strictly, having lost 
head or arms; but used poet. of muti- 
lation in gen. sense): a child with m. 
body (i. e. prob. without a head), puer 
trunci corporis, Liv. 41,9, med. : nostrils 
m. with shameful wound, truncae in- 
honesto vulnere nares, Virg. Aen. 6, 
497° Ov. 4, truncatus, détruncatus: 
Vv. TO MUTILATE (2). Phr.: (the manu- 
script) contains the gospels, but sudly m., 
continet evangelia, sed folia permulta 
periere, Tisch. pref. N. I. : cf. supr. (1). 

mutilation: 1. miutilatio(v. rare): 
Gloss. Philox. 9, truncatio (v. rare): 
Imp. Codd. (tr. digitorum). Also de- 
truncatio (with ref. to plants): Plin. 
(N.B.—The above are best avoided ; the 
sense being expr. by verb: the ancients 
dreaded m. after death, *magnopere hor- 
rebant antiqui mortuos se truncari: he 
forbad the m. of male children, castrari 
mares vetuit, Suet. Dom. 7: only bar- 
barous nations m. the bodies of the slain, 
*nonnisi barbarae gentes mortuorum 
corpora lacerant atque truncant: v. TO 
MUTILATE.) 

mutineer: 1, turbator (rare): 
the principal m.s were arrested, ut 
quisque praecipuus t., conquisiti, Tac. 
A. 1, 30, mit. 2. (homo) séditidsus : 
the most violent of the m.s, seditiosis- 
simus quisque, Tac. A. 1, 44: Suet. Caes. 
yo. (N.B.—Often not needing to be 
rendered by a separate word in con- 
nected discourse: ef. Tac. A. I, 21, 
Horum adventu redintegratur seditio, 
et vagi circumjecta populabantur, i. e. 
the mutineers ravaged the surrounding 
country : and so throughout the chapter, 
where in Eng. “the mutineers” would 
be once or twice repeated. Not con- 
juratus [R. and A.], unless a definite 
conspiracy be referred to.) 

mutinous: séditiosus: Cic.: Tac. 
(comp. preced. art.). Less precise is 
turbulentus: v. TURBULENT. J/. pro- 
ceedings, seditio: vy. MUTINY. 

mutinously : 1, seditiosé: v. 
SEDIFIOUSLY. Join: turbide et sedi- 
tiose, Tac. A. 3, 12. Q. expr. by sé- 
ditio: cf. Tac. A. 1, 19, tnit., per sedi- 
tionem et turbas, i.e. mutinously and 
riotously : also Caes. B. C. 1, 87, quum 
Stipendium, paene seditione facta, flagi- 
49° 


mutus. v. DUMB 3 





MYSTERIOUS 





taretur, i. e. almost mutinously : (these) 
had been the first to act m., primi sedi- 
tionem coeptaverant, Tac. A. 1, 45. 
ef. foll. art. 

mutiny (subs.) : séditio: a m. broke 
out in the Pamnmian legions, Panno- 
nicas legiones s. incessit, Tac. A. 1, 16, 
init, : also seditio oritur, Caes. B. G. 7,28, 
Jjin.; s. fit, id. B.C. 1, 87: a sudden m. 
in the army was suppressed, subita exer- 
citus s. discussa est, Vell. 2. 81. Phr.: 


Jrom the same causes, a m. broke out in 


the German legions, iisdem causis Ger- 
manicae legiones turbatae, Tac. A. 1, 31, 
init. 

mutiny (v.): expr. by séditio and a 
verl.: they never once m.’d during the 
Gallic war, seditionem Gallicis bellis 
nullam omnino moverunt, Suet. Caes. 
69: the troops were very near m.ing, 
paene seditio facta est, Caes. B. C. 1, 87. 
Phr.: the army m.s, exercitus a disci- 
plina desciscit, Vell. 2, 81: comp. impe- 
rium auspiciumque abnuere, Liv. 28, 27, 
init. (a rhetorical expr.). See also SEDI- 
TION, REBELLION. 

mutter (v.): |, Toutter words with 
compressed lips: 1, musso, I (some- 
times) in a very loud tone; sometimes 
m.ing, Summo clamore; interdum mus- 
sans, Pl. Merc. prol. 49: esp. where 
dissatisfaction is implied: m.ing (mur- 
muring) they asked each other....-, 
mussantes inter se rogitabant... , Liv. 
4, 25, init. Also frequent. mussito, 1 
(in same sense): thus I m. to myself, 
haec mecum mussito, Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 119: 
Liv. 2. mitio or muttio, 4: what, 
still ming? etiam muttis? Pl. Am. 1, 
1, 228: Ter. 3, murmiiro, 1: v. TO 
MuRMUR. Phr.: she just ms, fearing 
to be heard, labra movet, metuens audiri, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 60 (cf. modico murmure 
optare, Juv. 10, 289). (|. To emit a 
low, rumbling sound: perh. murmiuro, 
I. v. to MURMUR, RUMBLE. 

muttering (adj.): Phr.- a m. 
sound, murmur (cf. Suet. Cal. 51, Aetnaei 
verticis f'umo ac murmure pavefactus) : 
Vv. MURMUR. 

mutteringly ; mussans, mussitans ; 
modico murmure: cf. preced. artt. 

mutton: *ovilla (caro): after anal. 
of suilla caro, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, med. 
(caro vervecina iB. and A.] is the flesh 
of a wether or gelding ram). 

mutton-chop: *ovillae (carnis) frus- 
tum (a piece of any shape). 

mutual: miituus: many m. good 
offices have taken place between us, 
multa inter nos paria et m. officia inter- 
cedunt. Cic. Fam. 13, 65: m. hatved, m. 
odia, Tac. A. 14, 3. 

mutually: 1. mituo: strengthened 
by inter nos, Lepid. in Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 
med. : Suet.: Plane. in Cic. (who uses 
the word of the returning of a feeling 
by its object, id. Fam. 10, 9, extr. = in 
return). Q, expr. by mituus: to love 
and be loved m., mutuis animis amare, 
amari, Cat. 45, 20: they would m. vie 
with each other in merit, mutuam inter 
eos Virtutis aemulationem futuram, Just. 
22, 4, extr.: m. to help each other, tradere 
operas mutuas, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 37. 3: 
a (in less precise sense): Vv. TURN 
in). 

muzzle (subs.): |, Mouth: Os, Oris, 
m.: V. MOUTH. |]. A fastening for the 
mouth: fiscella (of wicker-work, attached 
to the mouths of oxen when ploughing 
between vines, etc.) : Plin. 18, 19, 49 $177: 
Cato. (Capistrum is simply a halter for 
tethering an animal.) 

muzzle (v.): Phr.: to m. ozen, 
boves fiscella capistrare, Plin. 18, 19, 49 
§177. (Vulg. I. Cor ix. 9, has non alli- 
gabis os, bovi trituranti: but the expr. 
does not appear to be a technical one.) 

my: 1, meus: pass. 9. noster: 
my canvass, petitio nostra, Cic. Att. 1, 1, 
init.: so ib. med., ambitio nostra, my 
ambition et pass. (This use of noster, 
like that of nos for ego, has an elegant 
familiarity about it, and is specially 
adapted for the epistolary style). S: 
expr. by dat, mihi, nobis (where there 
isa verb in the sentence to which the 








pron. may stand in relation of dativus 
ethicus): my father died on the 24th of 
November, pater nobis decessit ad viii. 
Kal. Decembr., Cic. Att. 1,6: she is my 
care, ea nobis curae est, ib. 7° how does my 


Friend Celsus ? quid mihi Celsus agit? 


Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 15. 4, proprius (one’s 
own: hence, after the ‘pron. of 1 per- 
son = my own): by my own fire-side, 
ante Larem proprium, Hor. Sat. 2, 6, 66 
in my own skin, in p. pelle, ib. 1, 6, 22: 
but in prose, strengthened by meus: ef. 
Cic. Fam. 2, 17, fim., quod autem meum 
erat proprium, i. e. peculiarly my own: 
v.own. (N.B.—Itis not necessary to ex- 
press the poss. pron. at all, when the con- 
text renders it plain to whom a person 
or thing stands related: ec. g. my brother 
Quintus, Quintus frater, Cic. Att. 1, 6. 
et pass.) Phr.: for my part, equidem 
(which is also sometimes used with other 
persons besides 1 sing.; esp. i pl.) : I for 
my part am of this opinion, equidem ego 
sic existimo, Sall. Cat. 51, med.: or 
without ego: for my part I wished to 
be called Caesar's soldier ; you have sa- 
luted me by the title of commander, 
equidem me Caesaris militem dici volui ; 
Vos me imperatoris nomine appellavistis. 
Caes. B.C. 2, 32, fin.: also sometimes 
ego, from its emphasis = J for my part : 
ct. Sall. Cat. 51, jin., Ego hane causam, 
CAG aoc in primis magnam puto, i. e. 
I for my part think, etc. 

myriad: |. Lit., ten thousand : 
décem millia- v, THOUSAND. I. dn 
looser sense, an indefinitely large num- 
ber : 1, sexcenti, ae, a: m.s of facts 
of that nature, sexcenta ejusmodi, Cic. 
Div. :27 s14s Sapa 2. mille: m. 
hues, m. colores, Virg. Aen. 4, 701. 

myrmidon: 1. nearest word perh. 
satelles, itis (attendant or body-guard of 
a despot: henve,a minion or instrument 
in wicked deeds): cf. Cic Cat. 1, 3, 7, 
C. Manlium, audaciae satellitem atque 
administrum tuae: also id. Agr. 2, 13, 32, 
stipatores corporis constituit, eosdem 
ministros et satellites potestatis: or, 

2. emissarius (an agent employed 

for wicked and violent purposes): he 
murdered the consul’s son by the m.s of 
his faction, cousulis filium per emis- 
sarios factionis suae interfecit, Vell. 2, 
18, extr.: one of his confidants and m.s, 
unus e familiaribus et e. suis, Suet. Dom. 
11: Cic. 

myrrh: myrrba, murrha, or murra 
(both the plant and the gum): Plin. 12, 15, 
33: Ov. Perfumed with m., myrrheus 
(murrh-), Hor. Od. 3, 14, 22: made with 
m. (as a drink flavoured with m.), 
myrrbinus (murrh-): and absol. myr- 
rhina (sc. potio), poet. in Plin. 14, 13, 
15: also, myrrhatus (murrh-), in same 
sense: myrrhata potio (i. q. myrrhina), 
Fest. s. v. 

myrtle: myrtus, i, f. (gen. iis, rare : 
Virg. G. 2, 64): to entwine one’s brow 
with m., caput impedire myrto, Hor. Od. 
1, 4,9: Plin. M.-berries, myrta, orum: 
Virg. G. 1, 306: Plin.: @ m.-grove, myr- 
tetum, Virg. G. 2, 112: Sall.: belonging 
to the m., of m., myrtle- : (1). myrteus : 
am. grove, m. silva, Virg. Aen. 6, 443: 
m. wine, mM. vinum, Plin. 26, 11, 74: 
Val. Max. (2). myrtaceus (rare): am. 
leaf, myrtaceum folium, Cels. 7, 17, med 
(3). myrtinus (made of m.): m. oil, 
myrtinum oleum, Apul. Herb. 

myrtle-berry: myrtum: v. preced. 
art. 
myrtle-wine;: myrtites, ae, m.: 
Plin. 14, 16, 19 § 104: also, vinum myr- 
tites, Col. 12, 38, init.: see also MYRTLE. 

myself: ipse (in apposition with 
subject ego, expressed. or understood) ; 
mei, mihi, me (oblique cases of ego, 
serving as pron, refl.); or the two com- 
bined: for constr. v. HIMSELF. Also, 
egomet, I myself; and acc. (less freq.) 
memet, serve as emphasized forms of 
ego, me: Im. saw that ship at Veliae, 
eam navem egomet vidi Veliae, Cic. 
Verr. 5,17, 44: Virg. 

mysterious : 1, arcinus ee 
giously secret): m, rites, a. sacra, Hor, 
Epod. 5, 52. See also MYSTERY. 


ee 





MYSTERIOUSLY 


— 


occultus (hidden ; and so, difficult of dis- ] 


covery): to disclose and bring the most 
m. matters to light, res occultissimas 
aperire in lucemque proferre, Cic. Ac. 
2,19, 62. Join: (res) occultae et pe- 
nitus abditae, id. N. D. 1, 19, 49- - 
mysticus (having a symbolical mean- 
ing): Vv. MYSTICAL. See also OBSCURE, 


INSCRUTABLE. " 
mysteriously: 1. occuliz: v. 
SECRETLY. 2, per ambages (iv adark, 


enigmatical manner): Liv. 1, 56, ad fin. 

mystery: 1, mysterium (uvo7ry- 
prov’ a secret revealed only to the ini- 
tiated: collectively in pl., the entire rites 
in which the initiated participated) : to 
celebrate the m.s, mysteria facere, Nep. 
Alc. 3, fin.: Cic. Fig.: the ms of the 
rhetoricians, rhetorum m., Cic. Tusc. 4, 
25, fin.: the m. of the Kingdom of 
Heaven, mysterium regni coelorum, 
Vulg. Mat. xiii. 11. cf. ib. Apoc. xvii. 5 
a the word is sometimes rendered in 

ulg. by sacramentum: e.g. Eph. i. 95 
iii. 3. etc.). (N.B.—Mysterium is not 
used simply to denote that which ts 
hard to understand; but that which 
requires a special communication to 
make it knoun.) 9. arcanum (a 
sacred secret): the ms of the fates, 
fatorum a., Ov. M. 7, 192: Hor. a 
in collog. sense, res occulta, occultissima 
(a matter difficult to penetrate and 
understand) : Vv. MYSTERIOUS. 

mystic, mystical: mysticus: the 
m. (connected with the mysteries, and 
having a symbolical meaning) winnoww- 
ing-fan of Tacchus, m. vannus lacchi, 
Virg. G. t, 166: Mart.: Tib. The m. 
writers : *scriptores (auctores) mystici 
qui dicuntur (feruntur): to give a@ m. 
interpretation to anything, ‘aliquid 
mystica quadam ratione intelligere, in- 
lerpretari. 

mystic (svbs.) : *(homo) mystica ra- 
tione imbutus; if an author, *scriptor 
mysticus. In pl., mystici, orum (qui 
dicuntur). 

mystically ; mysticé: Solin. 

mystieism: *ratio mystica. 

mystification: ambages, is, f. (in 
sing., only abl. found; pl. complete - 
round about, obscure speech): without 
m. (in plain words), missis a., Hor. S. 
2, 5,9: to devise m. scarcely worthy of 
children, vix pueris dignas a, exquirere, 
Liv. 9, 11, fin. 

mystify: Phr.: to try to m. people, 
aiti ut sensus tuos (penitus) abdas, Tac. 
A. 1, 11, med.; id agere ut homines in 
incertum et ambiguum magis impli- 
zentur, cf. Tac. 1 c.: don’t try to m. me, 
yuaeso, ambages mitte! Pl. Cist. 4, 2, 82. 

mythe: ‘mythus or -6s: Aus. Prof. 
21, 26. 

mythical: mythicus: the m. writers, 
mythici (sc. scriptores, auctores), Macr. 
Sat. 1, 8, med. (also called, *mythographi, 
M.L.). See also FABULOUS. 

mythological: mythicus (v. my- 
THIC); mytholégicus (mythologicén 
liber, title of work of Fulgentius, 6th 
rent. A.D): M. L. 

mythology: mytholdgia: Fulg. 


N. 


N42: opprimo, pressi, ssum, 3: cf. 

Ter. Andr. I, 3, 22: v. TO CaTCH, 
SURPRISE. 

nabob: |. An Indian prince, 
*princeps Indicus. I]. Fig.: @ very 
rich man, perh. Croesus: cf. Mart. 11, 6. 
Or simply dives (which is often used 
subs.): Vv. RICH. 

nacre: V. MOTHER-OF-PEARL. 

nadir: ‘nadir, indecl. : punctuts pe- 
dum (? sub pedibus) quod nadir vocant 


nag: ciballus (a horse for common 
es; @ hack): Hor.: Mart.: v. 
HORSE, GELDING. (Equus, usu. =a war- 
horse or racer.) 
naiad: naius, adis; and nais, idis, f. : 
degle, most beautiful of the ns, Aegle 








NAME 





NAME 





pulcherrima naiadum, Virg. Ecl. 6, 21. 
See also NYMPH. 

nail (suus.): |. Of man or beast: 
unguls, is, m.: to clean one’s n.s with a 
penknife, cultello purgare u., Hor. Ep. 
I, 7.52: tocut one’s 1.5, u. ponere, Hor. 
A. P. 2,973 u. subsecare ferro, Ov. Fast. 
6, 2, 303 u. deponere, resecare, recidere, 
Petr.: a n.’s breadth, u. transversus, 
Pl. Aul. 1, 1,183 u. latus, Cic. Fam. 7, 25: 


| to the n. (very exactly), ad unguem, Virg. 


G. 2, 277: to bite one’s ns (in medita- 
tion), rodere ungues, Hor. Sat. 1, 10, 715 
(in anger), mordére u., Prop. 4, 24, 24. 
Dimin., unguiculus (young vr tender 
n.), Cic. Fam. 1,6. Phr.: tooth and n., 
manibus pedibusque (conari), Ter. And. 
I, 1, 1343 toto corpore atque omnibus 
ungulis, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 56: cf. na- 
vibus atque quadrigis, Hor. Ep. 1, 
Ts Gate II, A metal spike or stud: 
clavus: to drive in n.s, clavos figere, 
Hor. Od. 3, 24, 5: Varr.R. R. 2, 9: 
boot-n., c. caligaris, Plin. 9, 18, 33: Juv. 
Phr.: to hit the n. on the head, (rem) 
acu tangere, Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 19 (mostly 
used in phr., rem acu tetigisti): cf. also, 
rem ipsam putasti, Ter. Ph. 4, 5, 6: to 
pay money on the n., argentum adnu- 
merare illico, Ter. Ad. 3, 3,15 5 pecuniam 
dare alicui in manum, id. Ph 4, 3, 28. 

nail (v.): expr. by clavus with a 
verb: e. g. clavis configere (with dat. of 
that to which), Caes. B. G. 3, 133 figere, 
Cato R. R. 20; religare, Caes. B.C. 2, 10: 
V. TO FIX, FASTEN. Phr.: to n. to the 
cross, cruci figere, Suet. Dom. 11; suf- 
figere, Cic. in Pis. 18, 42: Vv. TO CRUCIFY. 

naive: simplex, icis: cf. Plin. Ep. 

g. 6, homo s. et incautus: so, sim- 
plicior, Hor. Sat. 1, 3, 63. 

naively: simpliciter (plainly, frank- 
ly): cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 2. 

naivete: simplicitas: youcharm by 
your n., placita es s. tua, Ov. Am. 2, 4, 
1]: V. SIMPLICITY. 

naked: 1. niidus (not necessarily 
implying complete nudity): stark n., 
*omni corpore nudo; nudus membra 
(poet.), Virg. Aen. 8, 425: with n. feet, 
pedibus nudis, Hor. Sat. 1, 8, 24: half-n., 
seminudus, Liv. oS Q. apertus: a 
great part of the body is n. (= they go al- 
most n.), magna est pars corporis a., Cues. 
B. G. 4, 1, extr. Phr.: to strip any one 
n., vestimenta detrahere alicui, Pl. As. 
1,1, 719: to expose the person n., nudare 
inter cives corpora, Enn. in Cic. usc. 4, 
33, 70 (Vv. TO STRIP): an. Sword, gladius 
vagina vacuus, Cic. Mar. 6, 173 ensis 
strictus, Virg. Aen. 10, 5773; also ensis 
nudus, ib. 12, 306: the n. truth, simplex 
ratio veritatis, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229. 

nakedly: aperté (openly, without 
disguise): Vv. OPENLY. 

nakedness: |. Lit.: expr. by 
nidus: v, NuDITy. |], Fig., of style: 
jejunitas: v. MEAGRENESS, JEJUNENESS. 
Phr.: to see the n. of the land, infir- 
miora terrae videre, Vulg. Gen. xlii. 9: 
better perh., *quae in terra imbecilla 
(minus sana s. firma) vitiosaque sunt 
explorare. 

name (subs): |. Of persons or 
things : 1, nomen, inis, %. (most gen. 
term): the n. of that disease ts avarice, 
ei morbo n. est avaritia, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
It, 26: a@ young man, Thessalus by 7N., 
juvenis nomine Thessalus, Vell. 1, 3, f- 
(The name given may be either in 
agreement with the person or thing 
named, or with nomen: cf. Gell. 15, 28: 
figurae usitatae sunt, milli nomen est 
Julius, et mibi nomen est Julio: raro, 
mihi nomen est Julium.) To put dmon 
or give in one’s n. (esp. for military 
service), n. dare, edere, profiteri, Liv. 2, 
24 (Vv. TO ENLIST): to answer to one’s N., 
ad n. respondére, Liv. 7, 4: Cie: toderive 
a n., ex aliqua re n. invenire, Cic. Div. 2, 
32, 69; reperire, ib. 1, 10, 16; capere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 133 accipere, Gell. 3, 16: 
From a person, ab aliquo n. trahere, Cic. 
Ph. 4, 2, 5 to assume an., n. adoptare, 
Mart. 4, 31, 93 mn. arrogare, Quint. I, 
prooem. § 14: @ Christian n., *n. in 


| baptismate datum, inditum, acceptum. 


Q. appellatio (@ stgnificant designa- 


, 





tion): to salute any one by the n. of 





| father, salutare aliquem appellatione 


patris, Plin. 7, 13, UJ. 3. vocabilum 
(that by which a class of things or per- 
sons is called; not a personal name): 
to call all things by their right ns, suis 
vel propriis v. omnes res nominare, cf. 
Cic. Caec. 18, 51: to change the n.s, not 
the things, rebus nou commiitatis im- 
mutare v., id. Leg. 1, 13, 38: used of 
the n. of a Sreedwoman (Acté), Tac. A. 
13, 12. Phr.: what is your n.? qui 
vocare? Ter. Ad. 5, 6, 3: myn. is Ly- 
conides, Lyconides vocor, Pl. Aul. 4, 10, 
49- SeealsoTONAME. ||, Reputation: 
1, nomen: to have a n., n. babere, 
Cic. Br. 69, 244 (cf. ib. 69, 238, hujus.... 
nomen majus fuisset): to enjoy some n. 
and reputation, aliquod n.que decusque 
gerere, Virg. Aen. 2, 8g: to win un ever- 
lasting n., 0. immortalitatis (better, 
aeternum) mereri, Sil. 13, 722: terrified 
by the reputation of so great an., tanti 
n. fam4 territus, Vell. 2, 94: & eclipse 
any one’s n., alicujus nomini officere, 
Liv. prooem.: to lose its n. (of wine), 
n. perdere, Cato R. R. 55 : cf. uec Baccho 
genus, aut pomis sua n. servat, Virg.G 
2, 240. 9, existimatio (good n.): to 
prefer a good n. to a kingdom, bonam 
ex. regno praeponere, Nep. Ages. 4: lo 
assail or hurt any one’s good n., eX. Op- 
pugnare, Cic. Fam 3, 10; offendere, id. 
Plane. 2, 6; ex. lacerare, Suet. Caes. 75; 
ex. laedere, id. Ner. 58. 3, fama (in 
good or bad sense): good n. and reputa- 
tion, f. et existimatio, Cic Quint. 15, 5o 
(Vv. FAME): to take aay any one’s good 
n., de f. alicujus detrahere, Cic. Fam. 3, 
8: alicujus tamam laedere, ib. 3, 7. 
Phr.: to have a good n., bene audire : 
cf. id. Fin. 3, 17, 573 @ bad one, male 
audire, ib. 5, 40, 116. Il]. Authority : 
verba, orum: esp. in phr., im my, your 
n., meis, tuis verbis: you will oblige 
me by congratulating your vife in my 
m., gratum mihi feceris, si uxori tuae 
meis v. eris gratulatus, Cic. Fam. 15, 8: 
in the n. of the Senate, Senatus verbis, 
Liv. 9, 36. |W Name merely, without 
the reality: nomen: friendship is a n., 
fidelity an empty n., D. amicitia, n. inane 
fides, Ov. A. A. 1, 740: the Campanians 
brought the n. rather than (the reality 
of) strength, Campani n. magis quam 
praesidium attulerunt, Liv. 7, 29. Vv. 
In adjurations; by way of appeal: 
Phr.: in the n. of gods and men, per 
deos atque homines, Cic. Div. 2, 55, 114: 
pro deorum atque hominum fidem, id. 
Tusc. 5, 16, 48: in heaven’s n., Di! 
vestram fidem, Ter. Andr. 4, 3, 1. 
name (v.): |, Yo call by a name: 
1, nomino, 1: love, from which 
friendship is (so) n.d, amor ex quo 
amicitia est nominata, Cic. Am. 8. 260: 
oftener in sense (Il.): v.infr. 2, expr. 
by nomen, inis, n.; and a verb: ¢.g. 
n. alicui dare, Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 34; indere, 
PL. St. 2,1, 20; facere, id. Men. 1,1, 1; im- 
ponere (esp. with ref. to things), Cic. Fin. 
3, 1,3. Sotobend, n. invenire, reperire 
[ex aliqua re], v. NAME, subs. (!.). 3! 
nunciipo, 1 (appy. used, in this sense, to 
avoid the repetition of similar syllables) : 
they n.d (the offspring) after the god 
himself, ex nomine ipsius dei nuncupave- 
runt, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60: Suet. Aug. 31 
(Sextilem mensem e suo cognomine 
nuncupavit). 4, appello, dico, ete. : 
V.TOCALL. ||, Zo mention by name: 
1, nomino, 1: the Eyyptians deem 
it an impiety ton. Mercury, (Mercurium) 
Aegyptii nefas babent n., Cic. N. 1). 3, 
22, 56. Esp. in pbr. quem honoris causa 
nomino=whom I name with all possible 
respect, Cic. R. Am. 2, 6: Ter. Q, nun- 
ciipo, 1 (rare in this sense): to n. (enu- 
merate) all l’ompey's triumphs, Pompeii 
omnes triumphos n., Plin. 7,26, 27. Ill. 
To designate, appoint, fiz: Phr.: ton. 
any one heir, heredem aliqnem nuncu- 
pare, Ulp. Dig. 28, 1, 21: Tac. (the legal 
phr.): to n. a master of the horse, ma- 
gistrum equitum dicere (v. TO NOMINATE, 
APPOINT): to n. the day for a wedding, 
diem nuptiis dicere, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 75+ 
Caes. : Cic. 
491 


NAMELESS 


NASTILY 


NATIVITY 





nameless: 
nominis expers; nullo vocabulo insignis 
s. insignitus: v, NAME. Il. Not men- 
tioned by name: Phr.: certain persons, 
who shall be n., *certi homines quos 
nominare nolo, (N.B.—No such adj. as 


anonymus.) 
namely: 1, expr. by apposition of 
subs.: two most powerful cities, n., 


Carthage and Corinth, duae potentis- 
simae urbes, Carthago et Corinthus, Cic. 
Man. 20, 60: these most base and vncun- 
sistent vices, n., luxury and avarice, 
pessuma ac diversa inter se mala, luxuria 
atque avaritia, Sall. Cat. 5: cf. ib. 9, 
duabus his artibus, audacia in bello; 
ubi pax evenerat, aequitate, these two 
virtues, namely, ....: et pass. DB. 
when greater emphasis is needed: dico 
(7 mean to say): ef. Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86, 
ea quae timenda esse negaret, mortem 
dico et deos, i. e. namely, death and the 
gods: cf. id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78, amicos 
nostros Stoicos ..., eos dico, qui dicunt, 
etc. In similar sense, Hor. has inquazn: 
cetera turba, nos inquam (namely, our- 
selves), Sat. 2, 8, 27. 8, scilicet (not 
so in good authors): cf. Suet. Aug. 29, 
quaedam opera alieno ncmine, nepotum 
scilicet et uxoris sororisque, i.e. namely, 
that of his grandsons, etc. (N.B.—A 
usage to be sparingly followed.) So also 
vidélicet is occasionally used, where the 
reference to some person or thing is 
quite obvious: cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 24, 
caste jubet lex adire ad deos, animo 
videlicet, in quo sunt omnia (“ that is 
to say,” or “namely” in mind): cf. 
Smith's Lat. Dict. s.v. (II.). 4, intro- 
ducing an entire sentence illustrative of 
something that has gone before, nam: 
cf. Cic. Part. 11, 38, rerum bonarum et 
malarum tria sunt genera: nam aut in 
animis, aut in corporibus, aut extra 
esse possunt: i. e. namely, mental, 
bodily, or external (Kr.): also Virg. G. 
1, 451, hoc etiam. . .profuerit meminisse 


magis : nam saepe videmus .... i. e. 
namely, we often see, etc.: ¥. FOR. 
namesake: 1, cognominis, e (adj.): 


cf. Vell. 1, 1, cognominem patriae suae 
Salamina constituit, 1. e. he made his new 
abode the n. of his old: so Virg. Aen. 6, 
383, gaudet cognomine terra: PI. 2) 
expr. by circuml., eodem nomine dictus, 
cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 46, 103. 

naming (subs.) : 1. nodminatio : 
Vitr.: Auct. Her. 2, nunciipatio (the 
act of n. an heir) : Suet. Cal. 38: Dig. 
(Or. expr. by verb: v. TO NAME.) 

nap (subs.): . The woolly sub- 
stance on the surface of cloth: nearest 
word, villus: cf. Virg. Aen. I, 702, tonsis 
mantelia villis, i.e. towels with the shaggy 
nap clipped with scissors. With then. on 
(of fresh cloth), pexus: Hor. Ep. 1, 1,95. 

|]. A short sleep: brévis somnus: 

T take a very short n., brevissimo somno 
utor, Sen. Ep. 83, 6. Phr.: to take a 
short n., dormire minimum, Plin. Ep. 3, 
5, 11: Sen. l.c. (cf. exiguum dormire, in 
somewhat diff. sense, Plin. N. H. 10, 7", 
91): to take a midday n., meridiari, 
Cels. 1, 2, med.: also, meridiare (act. 
form), Suet. Cal. 38: also conquiescere 
may sometimes serve, though it denotes 
simply vest, whether sleeping or not: 
ef. Suet. Aug. 78, init. 

nap (v.): brevi somno utor: v. pre- 
ced. art. Phr.: to be caught napping, 
oscitantem opprimi, Ter. Andr. 1, 2, Io. 

nave of the neck: cervix, icis, 7. : 
V. NECK. 

napkin: 1, mappa (table n.): 
Hor. S. 2, 8, 63: Mart. 2. mantéle 
or mantile, is (towel): Virg. Aen. 1, 702. 
(In Mart. 12, 29, 12, mantele is a table- 
cloth.) 

napless: tritus : 

Narcissus: marcissus : 
Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v. 

narcotic (adj.): 1, somnifer, Era, 
érum: 7. power, vis s., Plin. 18, 25, 61 : 
Ov. 9. somnificus: Plin. 

narcotic (suvbs.): medicamentum 
somnificum: Plin. 37, 10, 57. 

nard: nardus, i. f.; and nardum, i, 
nm: Plin.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 

492 


. THREADBARE, 


lini. ey: 


Sin.: 





|. Not having a name : | Used both of ae plant and the oil made 


Jrom it: cf. Hor. Od. 2, 11, 16: Tib. 
Made of n., nardinus: e. g. n.-otl, un- 
guentum nardinum, Plin. 13, 1, 2 § 15. 

narrate: marro, enarro, I: v. TO 
RELATE. 

narration: 1. narratio: Cic. Inv. 
I, 19, 27 (where the different kinds of 
narration are specified): Auct. Her, 

2. expodsitio (statement, setting 
forth): Cic. 1.c.: Auct. Her. 1, 10, 17. 
(Or expr. by verb: to excel in n., *in 
narrando praestare: to give a detailed 
nm. *omnia quemadmodum acta sunt 
exponere: V. TO RELATE.) 

narrative (subs.): 1. narratio 
(esp. as part of @ speech, rhetorically 
considered): lucid m., aperta n., Cic. 
Inv. I, 20, 29: a brief, lucid n., n. brevis, 
dilucida, Auct. Her. 1, 9, 15: credible 
ns, set forth in almost familiar lan- 
guage, uu. credibiles, prope quotidiano 
sermone explicatae, Cic. Or. 36, 124. 
Dimin., narratiuncula (a short n.), Quint. 
1,9, 6: Plin. min. 2. historia (m. of 
past events; also in gen. sense, @ story): 
Vv. STORY. 

narrative (adj.): expr. by narro, 
narratio: in the n. parts (of a speech), 
*ubi aliquid narratur; in narrationibus: 
v. preced. artt. 

narrator: narrator: Cic. de Or. 2, 
54, 21g. (Or expr. by verb: cf. L. G. 
§ 638.) y 

narrow (@qj.): 1, angustus: opp. 
to latus, Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92: @ very n. 
entrance to a harbour, fauces portus 
angustissimae, Caes. B. C. 1, 25: Hor. 
Fig.: n. (straitened) circumstances, 
res “angusta domi, Juv. 3, 164. Very 7., 
perangustus: @ very n. entrance, p. 
aditus, Caes. B. G. 4, 15: Cic. 2. 
artus, arctus (confined; where there is 
not room enough): Caes.: Liv.: v. CON- 
FINED. Phr.: he had an. escape of.. 
nil propius est factum, quam ut. icf, 
Cic. Clu. 21, fin.; haud multum abfuit 
quin..., Liv. 42, 44, init. 

narrow (.): Tranis:: dt 
céarto, 1: the channel of the Tiber had 
been n.d by the fall of buildings, alveus 
Tiberis aedificiorum prolapsionibus co- 
artatus (erat), Suet. Aug. 30: Liv. 2, 
angusto, 1 (rare): Lucan 5, 232: Plin.: 
v. TO CONTRACT (A.,1.). |], Intrans.: 
expr. by coarto, angusto, with pyon. 
refl., or as pass.: drains which n. to- 
wards the bottem, fossae ad sotum coar- 
tatae, Col. 2, 2, post init.: (a mine which) 
n.s towards the mouth, ore angustatur, 
Plin. 17, 8,49 45: the road gradually 
n.s, *paullatim via se coartat (angustior 
fit): v. swpr.; and NARROW (adj.). 

narrowly: |. Nearly, within a 
little: expr. by haud nrultum abest, 
etc.: V. NARROW (ext7.) I]. Closely, 
with careful scrutiny: diligenter, accu- 
rate, subtiliter : v. CAREFULLY, EXACTLY. 

narrow-minded; animi angusti, 
parvi, pusilli (gen. of quality or descrip- 
tion): cf. Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68, nihil est 
tam angusti animi, tam parvi, quam 
amare diviltias: also id. Fam. 2, 17, 
in both cases, the exprr. denote 
littleness or pettiness of mind as opp. to 
generosity. 

Narrowness: angustiae, arum 
(strictly concrete rather than abstract; 
V. DEFILE): the n. (confined nature) of 
the ground prevents..., prohibent an- 
gustiae loci, Sall. Cat. 58, Jin.: on ae- 
count of the n. of the path, they were 
compelled to advance in single file, *per 
angustias nonnisi singuli ire poterant. 
Fig.: mn. of soul, angustiae pectoris, 
Cic. in Pis. 11, init. (Or expr. by adj.: 
Vv. NARROW.) 


narwhal: *monodon monoceros 
(Webster). 
nasal: expr. by nasus, nares: v. 


NOSE, NOSTRIL. 
nasalize: Phr.: ton. a vowel, *vo- 
calem de nare pronuntiare (cf. Pers. 1, 
32); *vocalem anuswara {quam sans- 
critici volunt) adhibita pronuntiare. 
nascent: nascens, ntis (in the state 
of infancy) : Cic. Br. 7, 27: Virg. 
nastily : foedé, tétré: v. FOULLY. 





nastiness: foeditas, obscaenitas: v 
FOULNESS, OBSCENITY. 

Nasty: foedus, téter, obscaenus: v. 
FOUL, @BSCENE, NAUSEOUS. 

natal: 1, natalis, e: n. star (ace. 
to astrology), n. astrum, Hor. Ep, 2, 2, 
187: n. day, n. dies, Cic. Att. 3, 20: v. 
BIRTH-DAY. 2, natalicius or -tius: 
n. stars, n. sidera, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91: 
Mart. 

nation: 1, gens, ntis (most gen. 
and comprehensive term): the great 
and warlike n. of the Aequians, Aequo- 
rum g. magna et ferox, Cic. Rep. 2, 20: 
belonging to the n. of the Germans, ex 
g- [pumeroque ] Germanorum, Caes. B. G. 
6, 32: through all n.s and tribes, per 
omnes g. nationesque, Quint. 11, 3, 87: 
Cic. Man. 11, 31: cf. id. N. D. 3, 39, 93, 
where the following gradation is given: 
singuli homines ... civitates...nationes 
et gentes. The pl. gentes sometimes = 
Foreign ns: cf. Tac. G. 33. Q, natio 
(properly, a tribe forming a people by 
itself, whether the whole of the race or 
not: also in gen. sense: cf. Tac. G. 2, 
jin., where it is stated that the name of 
a tribe [natio] became ultimately that 
of the entire race [gens]; also exx. 
supr.): alt (other) n.s can bear slavery : 
our state cannot, omnes n. servitutem 
ferre possunt: nostra civitas non potest, 
Cic. Ph. 10, I0, 20. 3. popiilus (a 
people or organized political commu- 
nity): V. PEOPLE. 

national: expr. by gens (natio) : n. 
peculiarities, quae gentis propria sunt, 
ct. Tac. G. 10, med. (proprium geutis. . ., 
with inf.): n. customs, *gentis insti- 
tuta, mores, leges (cf. Caes. B. G. initt.): 
it is a n. foible, gentis vitium est, cf. 
Juv. 3, 121. Phr.: n. assembly, con- 
cilium populi, Liv. 24, 37, eztr.: Nep.: 
if an assembly of n. delegates be meant, 
perh. *conventus populi legatorum: n. 
debt, *aes alienum publice contractum 
(R. and A.): a n. temple, *templum quo 
cuncti ejusdem gentis conveniunt: 7. 
religion, *sacra publice recepta (Kr.). 

nationality; expr. by popillus, gens, 
natio: the multitude gradually assumed 
the features of n., multitude sensim in 
unius populi corpus coalescere coepit, 
Kr. (e Liv. 1, 8): a sense of common n. 
stimulated the Italians, *in spem erect 
sunt Itali, quippe qui se eodem genere 
oriundos in unius populi corpus coales- 
cere debere crederent. 

nationally: expr. by gens, natio: 
Vv. NATION. 

native Cady: ): 1, indigéna, ae, c.; 
vernaciilus : v. INDIGENOUS. . ger- 
manus (“eal, roe the old, n. Cam- 
panians, veteres g.que Campani, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 35, 97.- 8. génuinus (rare): 
n. and home-bred virtues, g. domesticae- 
que virtutes (opp. to transmarinae atque 
importatae), Cic. Rep. 2, 15: Gell. (Na- 
tivus = natural, as opp. to artificial : 
e.g., n. salt, nativum sal, Plin. 31, 7, 39 
§ 77.) Phr.: n. land, patria, Cic. pass. : 
n. language, patrius sermo, Cic. Fin. 1, 
2, 4: mn. place, locus incunabulorum, 
Suet. Vesp. 2 (=in quo aliquis natus 
est). 

native (subs.): 1, indigéna (opp. 
to advena, settler): Liv. 21, 30, med. 

2. natus (born at any place): he 

was an. of Antioch, Antiochiae na- 
tus est, Cic. Arch. 3, 4: of what place 
was hea n.? ubi natus est? v. BORN. 
Also a n. of Athens, Thebes, Assyria, etc., 
may be expr. by the national appella- 
tive: Atheniensis, Thebanus, Assyrius, 
etc. 

nativity : |. Birth: ortus, us: 
the moon controls the ns of infants, 
ortus nascentium luna moderatur, Cic. 
Div. 2, 43,91: v.orIem. (Usu. better 
expr. by nascor, natuss gigno, ete. : the 
day of Christ’s n., + dies in quo [die] 
Christus est natus: hymn on the n., *de 
nascente Christo hymnus: v. BIRTH. 

I]. Horoscope : 1. génésis, is, f 

(table of n.): Suet. Vesp.14: Juv. Q, 
génitura: Suet. Aug. 94: Hutr. 3. 
théma, itis, n. (plan of the conjunction 
of heavenly bodies at anu one’s birth): 





NATURAL 


Suet. Aug. 94, ctr. Phr.: to cast ns, 
notare sidera natalicia [quaecunque lu- 
nae juncta videantur], Cic. Div. 2, 43, 
gi; praedicere et notare alicujus vitam 
ex natali die, cf. Cic. l. ¢. 42, mit. (R. 
and A.): the art of custing n.s, geneth- 
liaca ratio, Arn. 2, 69; one skilled therein, 
genethliacus, Chaldaeus, Gell. 14, 1, intt. 
Comp. HOROSCOPE (throughout). 
natural (auj.): |. Pertaining to 
or in accordance with nature: natiralis, 
e: n. questions, n. quaestiones, Cic. Part. 
18: n. history, n. historia, Plin. pref.: 
n. law (as governing all nature), ni. lex, 
Cie. N. D. 1, 14, init.: a n. idea, notic 
n. {atque insita in animis nostris], id. 
Fin. 1, 9, 31. Or expr. by natura. this 
is n. to the soul, haec est natura pro- 
pria animae [et vis], Cic. Rep. 6, 26: 
this is n. to us, natura hoc nobis datum, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2: as ts n., sicut natura 
fert, id. Part. 7, 24: @ 7. consequence, 
*quod ex ipsa rei natura sequitur (R. 
and A.): v. NATURE. [I]. Not manu- 
factured : 1, nativus: the n. bul- 
warks of the city (Rome), urbis praesidia 
n., Cic. Rep. 2, 6, init.: n. colour, color 
n., Plin. 32, 7, 24: n. hair, n. coma, Ov. 
Am. I, 14, eztr. Q, vivus (esp. poet.) : 
n. rock, v. saxum, Virg. Aen. 1, 167: 7. 
sulphur, v. sulphur, Plin. 35, 15, 50. 
Phr.: a town. with strong n. and arti- 
Jicial defences, oppidum natura loci et 
manu munitum, Caes. B. G. 3,23. Il. 
Occurring in the course of nature: Da- 
tiralis: a n. death, mors n., Plin. 7, 53, 
54 § 180 (for which, mors sicca, Juv. 
Jo, 113). Phr.: to die a n. death (uti 
Necesse est), naturae concedere, Sall. 
Jug. 14, med. : comp. naturae satislacere, 
Cic. Clu. 10, 29: also, sua morte defungi, 
Suet. Caes. 89; sua morte mori, Sen. 
Ep. 69, jfin.: or, as disease is the most 
common natural cause of death, in mor- 
bum implicitus decedere, Nep. Ages. 
extr.; morbo opprimi, Cic. Clu. 7, 225 
morbo consumi, Nep. Reg. 2; (a) morbo 
perire, ib. 3: v. DISEASE. IV. Born 
of mere natural cohabitation: naturalis 
(late): a n. daughter, filia n., Ulp. Dig. 
40, 5, 40: V. ILLEGITIMATE. V. Un- 
affected : 1, naturalis: opp. to fuca- 
tus (false, artificial), Cic. Br. 9, 22. 
. perh. sincerus (genuine): cf. 
Tac. Dial. 28, fin., natura sincera et 
integra, et nullis pravitatibus detor- 
ta (genuine, unaffected, uncorrupted). 
Join: simplex et sincerus, opp. to fu- 
catus [versus], Gell. 13, 26, extr. 3. 
innatus (strictly, born in any one, not 
obtained from without) : opp. arcessitus, 
Quint. 9, 3, 74; opp. traditus, id. 7, 10, 
14 





Join: innatus atque insitus (opp. 
assumptus atque adventicius), Cic. Top. 
18, 69; ingenitus et innatus, Plin Pan. 
20. Phr.: in a mn. manner, sicut 

~ natura fert, Cic. Part. 7, 26. Vi. De- 
rived from natural constitution; not 
acquired: Phr.: 1. endowments, (1). 
ingenium (a collective term), Cic. Fin. 
5, 13, 36: to allow the jirst place to n. 
gifts (as distinguished from culture, 
training), ingenio primas concedere, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 35, imit.: not necessarily im- 
plying great powers: hence, slow (i. e. 
inferior) n. parts, tardum ing., id. de 
Or. 2, 27, 117: to have good n. parts, 
ingenio valere, Quint. (ingenium may 
even be used of inanimute things: cf. 
Tac. H. 1, 51, ingenium loci coelique, 
n. features of soil and climate). (2). 
indoles, is, f. (m. disposition): young 
men of good n. disposition and abilitivs, 
adolescentes bona indole praediti, Cic. 
Sen. 8, 26: so, laetae indolis adolescens, 
Gell. 19, 9, init. (3). natiira: he pos- 
sessed admirable n. gifts for speaking, 
n. habuit admirabilem ad dicendum, Cic. 
Br. 81, 280: to have excellent n. endow- 
ments, optima n. esse, id. Tusc. 1, 15, 
35: bad n. disposition, vitiosa n., id. 
Q. Fr. 1, 1,2. A fuller expr. is, natura 
atque ingenium, id. de Or. 1, 25, init. 
(4). more ornamental phrr., munera na- 
turae, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 115; nmaturae 
dotes, Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 4: n. features of 
climate, patrii cultus habitusque loco- 
rum, Virg. G. 1, 52. Vil. Agreeable 





NATURALLY 


to any one’s disposition or nature; or 
to human nature generally : 
by natira, ingénium: it is n. to hate 
the man you jear, hoc natura insitum 
est, ut quem metueris, hunc oderis, Cic. 
Sull. 30, 83 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 94, ita 
comparatam esse hominum naturam) : 
with custom, doing good has become n. 
to me, bene facere jam ex consuetudine 
in naturam vertit, Sall. Jug. 85, ad init. : 
to follow one’s n. bent, suo vivere in- 
genio, Liv. 3, 36, init.: as is n. to youth, 
*quod solet adolescentium ingenium esse. 
2. perh. proprius (naturally belong- 

ing or peculiar to: with gen.): this ts 
n. to living creatures, to desire some- 
thing, proprium hoc animantium, ut ali- 
quid appetant, Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 104: v. 
PECULIAR. Phr.: n. to human beings, 
humanus: ’¢is n., humanum est! Ter. 
Ad. 3, 4, 25: Cic. Verr. 5, 44, 117: 
having a n. taste for anything, pronus 
ad aliquam rem, Suet. Ner. 52. Vill. 
Theol. term: Phr.: n. religion or the- 
ology, *cognitio Dei (rerum divinarum) 
ratione (? natura sola) duce comparata ; 
or for brevity, theologia naturalis (Kr.) : 
or perh. (more definitely), *Vei cognitio 
nullis divinae revelationis adjumentis 
adepta s. comparata. 

natural (subs.): v. 1p1oT. 

naturalism: *eorum ratio qui om- 
nia naturali lege fier disputant; nihil 
supra naturalem legem esse contendunt. 
(Avoid naturalismus.) 

naturalist: i.e. one who studies 
natural history: *animantium s. herba- 
rum peritus (homo); qui animantium 
s. herbarum naturae cognoscendae stu. 
det. (Physicus is rather a natural phi- 
losopher than a naturalist: detined by 
Cic. as speculator venatorque naturae, 
N. D. 1, 30, init. 

naturalization: cf. foll. art. 

naturalize: |. To confer on an 
alien the status of a native subject : 
expr. by, civitatem dare, impertire ; 
civitate donare: v. TO ENFRANCHISE ; 
FRANCHISE. Fig.: to n. a word, verbo 
civitatem dare, Suet. Gr. 22 (Tu, Caesar, 
civitatem dare potes hominibus; verbo 
non potes): the word sorites is quite 
n.d in Latin, sorites satis Latino ser- 
mone tritus est, Cic. Div. 2, 4, 11 (KR. 
and A.); *hoc verbum omnino jam pro 
vernaculo adhibetur ; hoc verbo plerique 
omnes ut genuino s. domestico utuntur. 

I], Zo accustom a plant or animal 

to a new climate: expr. by assuefacio, 
3: v. To accustom. |, Zo search 
Sor specimens of plants, etc.: *herbarum 
atque animantium varia genera investi- 
gare, conquirere. 

naturally: |. By nature: 1, 
natiraliter: alacrity n. implanted in 
all men, alacritas n. innata omnibus, 
Caes. B. C. 3,92: (men) n. very different, 
naturaliter dissimillimi, Vell. 2,65. 2. 
natira (modal abl.): n. implanted (in 
man), 0. insitum, Cic. Sull. 30, 83: to be 
n. so constituted, n. ita esse factum, id. 
Br. 80, 276: et pass. So, when human 
nature is intended, ingenio: this is what 
we are most of us n. inclined to, ita 
plerique ingenio sumus omnes, Ter. Ph. 
I, 3,20: cf. NATURAL(VIIL.) |], Agree- 
ably to nature: secundum naturam, Cic. 
Fin. 5,9, 26; convenienter naturae (e. g. 
vivere), id. Tusc. 5, 28, 82; more fully, 
congruenter naturae convenienterque, id. 
Fin. 3, 7,26: insomewhat different sense, 
sicut natura fert (in a natural sponta- 
neous way), id. Part. 7, 24. Ill. On- 
affectedly: simpliciter (Kr.): Vv. SIIPLY. 
Better, sicut natura fert. (v. supr. I1.): 
or perh. sine mala affectatione, cf. Quint. 
850-35) 50: IV. As a natural conse- 
quence: nécessarié or -0: V. NECESSA- 
RILY. Or by circuml., *ex ipsa re; (id) 
quod (ipsa) res habet (cf. Sall. Cat. 51, 
med., de poena possumus dicere, id quod 
res hahet = what n. presents itself): it 
followed n., *aliter fieri non potuit quam 
factumest. YY, Spontaneously ; without 
cultivation : (sna) sponte: opp. to alieno 
impulsu, Cic. N. 1). 2, 12, 32: of plants 
not needing to be sown, sp. sua venire, 
Virg. G. 2, 11: V. SPONTANEOUSLY. 


1, expr. | system and laws of the universe . 








NAUSEATE 





|. In wide sense, the 
natira (rerum): comp. title of poem i 
Lucr., de natura rerum: what is con- 
trary to the laws of n., quod n. rerum 
non patitur, Cic. Ac. 2,17, 54: the care« 
Jul provision of n., naturae providentia 
diligens, Vic. N. D. 2, 56, init.: it is 
difficult to define n., n. ipsam definire 
difficile est, id Inv. 1, 24, 34: a na- 
tural philosopher, t. e. an inquirer and 
searcher into n., physicus, id est, specu- 
lator venatorque naturae, id. N. D. 30, 
83. (N.B—When the entire system of 
things is meant, and without personifi- 
cation, rerum should be added: cf. L. G. 
§ 595.) 2. mundus, summa rerum 
(Luer.): v. UNIVERSE. {|. Natural 
constitution of anything : 1, natira: 
the n. of the soul, n, animai, Lucr. 1, 113 : 
Cic.: the n. (natural features) of things 
and places, n. rerum et locorum, Cic, 
Q. Fr. 2, 16: Caes. 2. propriétas 
(peculiar n., property): each thing has 
its own n., singularum rerum singulae 
p. sunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 56: Liv.: v. FEaA- 
Tere (IL). 8, ingénium, indéles 
(both chiefly of persons, but also of 
things): Vv. NATURAL (VI.). 4, ha- 
bitus, tis (not so in Cic.): the n. (= phy- 
sical features) of Italy, h. Italiae, Liv. 
9g, 17, fin.: Virg. G. 1, 52. 5. vig 
vim, vi, f. (force, essential n.): to grasp 
the real n. of virtue, vim virtutis tenere, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 16, med. Join: vis et 
natura [eloquentiae], Cic. Or. 31, 112. 
UW]. Human nature: hominum or 

humana natura: v. HUMAN. Esp. in 
such phir. as, this is human n., hoc na- 
tura insitum est; ita natura comparati 
sumus; sic est ingenium: v. NATURAL 
(VIL). IV. That which naturally 
characterizes, as distinguished from 
what is acquired: natiira: drive n, out 
with a pitch-fork, yet it will come run- 
ning back, n. expellas furca, tamen usque 
recurret, Hor. Ep. 1, to, 24: to have the 
force of n. (of habit), naturae vim ob- 
tinere, Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 3: use ts second n., 
usus est altera n. (Prov.). Y. Natural 
scenery: Phr.: the beauties of n., 
amoenitates locorum: ef. Cic. N. D. 2, 
39, 100, quanta maris est pulchritudo... 
quae amoenitates orarum et litorum. 
(Plin. min. has naturae opera, 8, 20, jin., 
to denote natural phaenomena : but the 
phr. should not be used merely of the 
aspect of nature). VI. As term of 
art: Phr.: to paint from n., *ad ipsius 
rei speciem pingere. Vil. With ref. 
to the necessities of nature: Phr.: to 
attend to a call of n., ad requisita na- 
turae discedere, Spart. Carac. 6: corpus 
exonerare, Sen. Ep. jo, 17: Plin. has, 
desideria Obscaena, of such calls of n., 
N. H. 33, 3, 14. 

natured: V. GOOD-NATURED, etc. 

naught (subs.): Phr.: to set at n., 
negligere, parvi facere, etc.: V. TO DIS- 
REGARD, DESPISE. 

raught (adj.): néquam, indecl.: v. 
GOOD-FOR-NOTHING. 

naughty: 1. improbus (gen. term 
to express disapproval): 7. words (inde- 
cent), i. verba, Ov. A. A. 796: 7. tm- 
moral) Gades, i. Gades, Mart. 5, 78, 26. 

Q, pétiilans, ntis (pert, saucy): cf. 

Phaedr. 3,5, 2. (Aesopo quidam petu- 
lans lapidem impegerat.) Also malus 
(playfully) with ref. to coguetry: the n. 
girl hid herself, delituit mala, Pl. Rud. 
251559: 

nausea: 


nature: 


|. Strictly, sea-sickness : 
nauséa: Vv. SEA-SICKNESS. [J], Squeam 
ishness, sickly feeling: 1, fastidium 
(loathing for food): to excite n., (Magna) 
movere siomacho fastidia, Hor. S. 2, 4, 
783 f. creare, I’lin. 22, 24, 50: to dispel 
n., f. abigere, id. 23, 9, 81 § T6r. 2. 
nauséa (a more violent sensation than 
preced., and usu. attended with vomit- 
ing): sickness is beneficial to any one 
suffering Jrom 7. vomitus prodest ei 
cui nausea est, Cels. 1, 3, med.: indt- 
gestion causing n., crudidates quae n, 
faciunt, Plin. 26, 11, 69: Vv. SICKNESS, 
Causing n., nauseabilis, Coel. Aur. 

nauseate: |, Intrans., fo suffer 
we 


NAUSEATING 


NEAR 


NEARNESS 





from nausea: nauseo, 1 (rare in this 
sense) 
nauseavit, al. nausea fuit) Cic. (=o 
be sick). Also, nausea s. fastidio la- 
borare, v. preced. art. |]. Trans: 
(a). to feeb disyust at: 1, fastidio, 
4 (to feel loathing for food): v. TO 
LOATHE. (In fig. sense, fastidio=to dis- 
dain.) Q, expr. by nausea, fastidium, 
with a verb: to n. flattery, *adulan- 
tium quasi nausea quadam teneri, affici. 
(b). to cause nausea: fastidium s. nau- 
seam facere, creare, Movere v. NAUSEA. 

nauseating (adj.): expr. by fasti- 
dium facere, etc,; v. NAUSEA. 

nauseous: 1, téter, tra, trum 
(offensive to any of the senses) : %. worm- 
wood, absinthia t., Lucr. 4, 11: Cues.: 
Cic.: Vv. NUISOME, 9, tastidiendus - 
Plin. 25, 7, 38 (de odore), 3 amarus 
(stricily, bitter, but also in wider sense, 
offensive): a n. (taste in the) mouth, a. 
os, Cels. 1, 3: n. flavours, a. suci, Plin. 
TU6;-55 

nauseousness: expr. by téeter, ama- 
Tus: nothing can exceed the n. of this 
drink, *hoc potu nil potest esse tetrius 
neque amarius. 

nautical; nauticus: a n. term, ver- 
bum n., Cic. Att. 13, 21° knonledye of 
n. affairs, sciontia n. rerum, Caes. B. G. 
3, 8: ef. NAVAL, 

naval: 1, navalis, e: land or n. 
enyayements, pedestres, n.ve pugnae, Cie. 
Sen. 5: @ n. crown, corona n., Virg. 
Aen. 8, 684. Caes. (N.B.—Navalis re- 
fers to ships as connected with war; 
nauticus to the nautical art generally : 
cf. NAUTICAL.) Q, maritimus (similar 
to nauticus. v. supr.): n. affairs, res 
maritimae (= nauiicae), Caes. B G. 4, 
23: V. MARITIME. Phr.: he was a con- 
summate n. and lund commander, 1m- 
perator fuit summus mari et terra, Nep. 
Alc. 1: to carry on n, expeditions, rem 
gerere navibus, Hor. Od. 1, 6, 3: tis 
was chiefly a n. war, *hoe bellum mari 
magis quam terra gestum est; magis 
navalibus quam terrestribus copiis pug- 
natum est: to be a great n. power, late 
mare tenere, classe maritimisque rebus 
valere, Cic. Man. 18, 54. 

nave: |. Of a wheel: mididlus: 
Plin. 9, 4, 3: Vitr. Il. Of a church : 
*ecclesiae quae pars navis dicitur. 

navel: umbilicus: Cels. 7, 14: Plin. 
Fig.: the n. (centre) of the world, u. 
orbis terrarum (Delphi), Liv. 38, 48, init. 

navel-shaped ; umbiliatus (umbi- 
lici formam habens) : Plin. 13, 3, 7 § 32. 

navigable: 1, navigabilis, e (the 
best word to use in geogr. description): 
an, river, n. amnis, Liv. 38, 3. jin.: 
Tac.: Plin.: Mela (pass.). 9, na- 
vium p&atiens: Liv. 21, 31, ad fin.: 
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 12: also, navigationis 
patiens (less good), Just. 36, 3,7. Phr.: 
not to be n. for large vessels (of a river), 
gravissimas navium non perferre, Liv. 
10, 2, med.: n. for merchant-vessels 
which wére mostly small), onerariarum 
navium capax (flumen), Plin. 6, 23, 26 
§.99: a river n. for moderate-sized ves- 
sels, flumen modicarum navium, ib. ; 
*quod modicas naves alveo capit: to 
make a river n., *efficere ut in fluvio 
aliquo navigari possit. 

navigate: navigo, 1: v. TO SAIL. 
Foll. by direct acc. in poetry and rhetor. 
prose; also in later writers generally : 
to n. the Tuscan main, Tyrrhenum n. 
aequor, Virg. Aen. 1, 67: Cic. (qunm 
Xerxes maria ambulasset, terramque 
navigasset), Fin. 2, 34, 112. he was the 
first to n. the Northern Ocean, Oceanum 
Septentrionalem primus navigavit, Suet. 
Cl. 1, init.: Plin. Phr.. to n. the 
Euxine (as a matter of seamanship), 
navem in Euxine gubernare, Cic. de Or. 
1, 32, 174: cf. navem agere, Hor. Ep. 2, 
1, 114: the Phoenicians were the first to 
n. the Atlantic, *primi Phoenices Atlan- 
ticum mare navibus adierunt (or obie- 
runt, traversed). 

navigation: 1, navigatio (in 
Cic. = voyaye). Just. 36, 3, 7. i 
expr. by navigo, naves. as soon as, 
from the season of the year, n. ts prac- 

494 


Cels. 1, 3, med. (si sine vomitu | 








ticable, quum per anni tempus navigare 


poteris, Cic, Fam. 16, 7° the uhole west- | 


ern (ocean) is now open to m., totus 
hodie navigatur occidens, Plin. 2, 67, 
67 § 167 skilled in n., *navium guber- 
nandarum (regendarum) peritus: v. TO 
NAVIGATE. Phr.: they surpass the rest 
in the art and practice of n., scientia 
atque usu nauticarum rerum reliquos 
antecedunt, Caes. B. G. 3, 8. 
navigator: nauta, navita, navigator 
(rare): v. SatLor. Or expr. by pres. 
part. of navigo: v. L. G. § 638. See 
also EXCAVATOR. 
navy: Classis, naives, copiae navales . 
v. FLEET. As a department of affairs, 
*reg navalis 
the entire control of the n., toti officio 
maritimo M. Bibulus praepositus cuncta 
administrabat, Caes. B. C. 3, 5, exti.: to 
give to any one the command of the 7., 
alicui_maritimum imperium concedere, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 32, 85: 
nay: |. As negative answer: non, 
non ita: v. No. 
vather ; introducing a remark corrective 
of what precedes : 1h 
esp. strengthened by vero. cf. Cic. Cat. 
I, 1, 2, Vivit? immo vero in Senatum 
venit, i.e. nay more; he actually comes 
into the Senate: also, Suet. Aug. 65, 
Agrippam nihilo tractabiliorem, immo 
in dies amentiorem. i.e. nay ruther ; he 
became worse: this ure of immo (vero) 
is very freq. in conversation, ct Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 3. Eun. 2, 3, 38, et pass. 
2. atque adeo (—and more than 
that): they hint this; nay more, they 
openly show, hoc significant, atque adeo 
aperte ostendunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, 148. 
vy. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. adeo (IIL). 
3. quid? quod... (an elliptical mode 
of speech, introducing something that 
could hardly have been expected : what 
of this...that...): nay more, if that be 
true, all veason is done away with, quid, 
quod, si ista vera sunt, ratio omnis tol- 
litur? Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 26: ef. id. Man. 5, 
12, quid, quod salus sociorum summum 
in periculum ac discrimen vocatur? 
(N.B.—A note of interrogation is often 
put immediately after the quid.) See 
alsO MOREOVER. 
neav: Phr.: the n. tides, *aestus 
maritimi minimi (cf. Caes. B. G 4, 29, 
luna plena....maritimos aestus maximos 
efficere consuvvit): or perh. aestus in- 
anes (a term applied by Plin. to the 
lowest tides, N. H. 2, 97, 99 § 216). 
near (adj.) : |, Not far distant 
in place or time ? 1. propinquus ; 
comp. propior ; sup. proximus (in pre- 
dicative use, after to be, propé, prépius, 
proximé. v. NEAR, adv.): places n. the 
line of march, propinqua itineris (al. 
itineri) loca, Liv. 6, 25, med. (v. NEIGH- 
BOURING); @ n.er eminence, commanding 
the Roman camp, propior tumulus, atque 
imminens Romanorum castris, Liv. 22, 
24, med. (propior also occurs with acc., 
ef. Sall. J. 49, imit., Ipse propior mon- 
tem suos collocat): the n.est towns, prox- 
ima, oppida, Caes. B. G. 3,12: the Belgae 
are nest to the Germans, Belgae Ger- 
manis proximae sunt, ib. 1, t (also with 
acc., ef. Liv. 35, 27, ager proximus finem 
Megalopolitarum ; and with prep. ab: 
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit, 
Liv. 37, 25: Ov. Phr.: to have an. 
view of anything, aliquid prope intueri, 
Cic. Sen. 14, 48 (where some read prop- 
ter, which expresses more than prope) ; 
2 proximo aspicere, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 17. 
(N.B.—For near, of time, v. RECENT; 
NEAR AT HAND.) 2. vicinus: v. 
NEIGHBOURING. I]. Of roads, leading 
directly to a place: Phr.: the nest 
road to a place, via ad (in, with ref. to 
a country) ...proxima (et compendiaria 
=a short cut), Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43 (fig.): 
Caes. |. Having blood relationship : 
propinquus; more tully, genere propin- 
quus, Sall. Jug. 10. Cic.: the nest of 
kin, genere proximus, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 175 
pr. cognatione, Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144. Vv. 
NEARLY-RELATED. IV. Nggardly: 
parcus, sordidus, etc.: v. NIGGARDLY, 
MEAN. 


Phr.: M. Bibulus had | 


||. Nay more, nay | 


immo or Imo; | 











near (adv.): |. Of place: ¢ 
propé (adv and prep.); comp. propius 5 
sup. proximé (loll. by dat., acc., or prep. 
ab: also absol.) to be somewhere n., 
esse alicubi prope, Cic. Fam. 9, 7: you 
were sitting n. my house, prope a meis 
aedibus sedebas, id. in Pis. 11, 26: to 
keep herds n.er the stalls, propius sta- 
bulis armenta tenere, Virg. G. 1, 355° 
Nep. oftener with acc. or ab.: n.er the 
west, propius solis occasum, Caes. B. G. 
4, 28: Cic.: ner to the earth, propius a 
terris, Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87: often with 
abesse (to be ner to a place). yuu are 
n.er (than I am), propius abes, id. Att. 
I, I, 2. to be ner to Brundisium, pro- 
pius a Brundisio abesse, ib. 8, 14: 80 
with proxime (very near, nearest), which 
has the same construction as prope, pro- 
pius: Caes.: Cic, 2. propter (quite 
near ; close by): sow where there is 
water n., serito, ubi aqua p. sict, Cato 
R.R. 151, there is n. (close by the take) 
@ cavern, est p. spelunca, Cic. Verr. 4, 
48, 107, 3, juxta v. CLOSE, HARD 
By, (N.B.— As in Eng. the above advv. 
have often a fig. application: cf, Cic. FL 
Io, 23, propius accedo: nego esse ista 
testimonia, J come nearer to the point ; 
press it closer.) To ben.: adesse, subesse, 
imminere, instare (the two latter of what 
is close upon one): V. NEAR AT HAND. 

Il. Within a little of : propé, paené : 

Vv. NEARLY. 

near (prep.): _1, prépé (with acc. - 
most gen. term): Caes.: Cic. Less freq. 
propier (with acc : denoting close proz- 
imity): the islands n. (off the coast of ) 
Sicily, insulae propter Siciliam, Cic. N. D- 
3, 22, 55. V. SIDE OF (by the). 2) 
apud (with acc.: as near a place as may 
well be; nearly equal at): to stay n. a 
toun, apud oppidum morari, Caes. B. G. 
2, 7: ”. Mantinea, apud Mantineam, 
Nep Epam. 9. 8, ad (with acc., esp. 
of names of places, to denote the site 
of a battle, etc.): the naval battle of 
Tenedos, pugna navalis ad Tenedum, 
Cic. Mur. 15, fin.. so, pugna ad Trasi- 
menum = battle of Trasimene: Liv. 22, 
4, init. 4, juxta (with acc.): v. 
CLOSE Ce HARD BY. 

near (v.): appropinquo, 1: 
APPROACH. 

near at hand: propinquus (of 
place or time) to prophesy a death to 
be n., Mortem p. denuntiare, Cic, Div. 
I, 30, extr.: Vv. NEAR (adj. and adv.). 
To be n.: (1). insto, stiti, 1 (to be very 
n., close at hand): Varus was n. at 
hand with his legions, instare Varum! 
cum legionibus, Caes. B. C. 2, 43: V- 
IMMINENT (to be). (2). adsum, subsum: 
Vv. HAND, AT (jin.). (3). advento, ap- 
péto (the latter esp. of time): v. To 
APPROACH. 

nearly: |. Withinalitte: LL 
propé: n. ninety years old, p. annos 
nonagitta natus, Cic. Verr. 3, 25, 62: n. 
done to death, p. funeratus, Hor. Od. 3, 
8,7. Also sometimes, propemodo, pro- 
pemodum: when he had advanced n. up 
to the walls, quum propemodo muris 
accessit, Liv. 24, 20, med.: Cic. (prope- 
modum). . féré, ferme ty 
nearly ; near about): serving to qualify 
the exactness of an expr.): Vv. ABOUT 
(B., I.). 3. paené: v. atmost. To 
signify that something had nearly hap- 
pened, use haud multum abfuit quin; 
nihil propius factum est, quam ut: v. 
NARROWLY, ||. Closely ; with ref. to 
kindred: v. foll. art. 

nearly-related: genere propinquus 
Sall. Jug. 10, med. Join: propinquus 
et necessarius, Cic. Mur. 35, 73. Phr.: 
to be (more or less) n. to any one, ali- 
quem propinquitate contingere, Liv. 25, 
8, init. ; sanguine et genere contingere. 
Liv. 45, 7, init.: by the mother’s side he 
was very n. to Pompey, a matre Pom- 
peium artissimo contingebat gradu, Suet. 
Aug. 4. See also RELATED, RELATION. 

nearness : |. Of place: propin- 
quitas: Caes.: Cic. |], Of time: expr. 
by verb or adj.: on account of the n. of 
the elections, *comitiis appropinquan 
tibus; quia dies comitiorum appetebat: 


v. TO 


NEARSIGHTED 


NECK 








v. TO APPROACH (II.); NEAR AT HAND. 

{I. Of kindred: propinquitas Liv. 
25, 8.imit. |V. Niggardliness : nimia 
parsimonia ; sordes: V NIGGAKDLINESS, 


MEANNESS (III.). ‘ 
nearsighted: myops, Opis (Gr. 
vw) Gell. 4. 2, med., where lusci- 


tiosus is given as the pure Lat. term 
but acc. to Ulp. Dig. 21, 1, 10, lusciti- 
osus denoted something quite different 
from myops (namvly = Gr, vuxtadwy, 
seeing by night better than by day). Or 
by circuml., *qui nonnisi proxime ob 
oculos posita cernit. 
nearsightedness: *myopia. 

neat (subs.): Phr.: n. cattle, ar- 
menta, orum. Varr. R. R. 2, 5, ad intt. 
(grex armentorum): Cic. (v. CATTLE): 
also, bubulum pecus, Varr. lt. R. 2, 1, 
med. ; b. armentum, Col. pref. ad fin. : 
n.’s foot oil, oleum *ex ungulis bubulis 
factum. 

neat (adj.): nearest words, ik 
comptus (strictly of hair properly 
dressed: also in wider sense): waiters, 
properly begirt and n., praecincti recte 
pueri c.que, Hor, S. 2, 8, Jo: but the 
word usu. carries with it the notion of 
ornamnt. Join: nitidus et comptus 
{in dicendo], Quint. 10, 1, 79 (where 
elegance is indicated). 9, nitidus 
(well-conditioned ; elegant, spruce: also 
a degree beyond the Eng.): neat (dun- 
dified) with well-combed locks, pexo 
capillo nitidus, Cie. Cat. 2, 10, 22: cf. 
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 83, where it is opp. to 
Tusticus (the well-dressed cit and the 
clown). 3. mundus (clean; and so 
elegant, smart): cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23, 
where luxurious persons (asoti) are de- 
scribed as, mundi, elegantes (choice and 
dainty in their mode of life): n. and 
smart from the pumice of the Sosii (of a 
book), Sosiorum pumice m., Hor. Ep. 
I, 20, 2 (cf. Hor. Od. 1, 5, 5, simplex 
munditiis; where the two words together 
express in a pvetical way the sense of 
the Eng.). 4, concinnus (well-adjusted, 
tn good taste): V. ELEGANT. 

neatherd: armentarius (sc. pastor) : 
Varr. 2, 5, fin. (Bubulcus is the driver of 
a ploughing team: v. Gesn, Lex. Rust. 
8. V. 

May 1, mundé: Pl. Poen. 5, 
4, 8 (tanta copia venustatum...in suo 
quaeque loco sita munde = neatly laid 
out): Sen. The form munditer also 
occurs, Pl. Poen. 1, 2, 25: but the usval 
meaning of the word is cleanly: cf. Sen. 
Ep. Jo, 17. 9. éléganter: v. ELE- 
GANTLY. (Nitide = brightly, finely: v. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.) 8, concinné 
(in good taste, becomungly): Pl. Epid. 2, 
2, 40 (vestita, ornata, ut lepide ! ut con- 


cinne!) Concinniter, Gell. 18, 2, med. 
(= elegantly). 
neatness : 1, munditia: Cic. Off. 


I, 36, 130 (=neat personal habits). 
(N.B.—In pl. = finery.) 2. perh. 
concinnitas (neat, elegant adjustment): 
ef. Sen. Ep. 115, 3. non est virile orna- 
Mentum concinnitas (=elegance, pretti- 
mess). See also ELEGANCE. 

nebula; *nébila, quam astronomici 
dicunt. 

nebulous: nébildsus, caligindsus : 
Vv. FOGGY, MISTY 

necessarian: *qui omnia fatalem 
habere necessitatem putat: Vv. FATAL- 
ism; and foll. art. 

necessarianism: expr. by circuml.: 
v. preced. art. Or perh., *opinio (s. 
Tatio) eorum qui necessariani appel- 
tantar. 

necessarily : 1. _nécessé (with 
verbs esse and habere): whatever is 
about to happen he says must n. happen, 
quicquid tuturum est, id dicit fieri n. 
esse, Cic. Fat. 7, 13: virtue must n. 
despise and hate vice, virtus n. est 
vitium aspernetur atque oderit, Cic. (in 
Zumpt): Vv. NECESSARY. 2. néces- 
sario: Cic. Fam. 6, 10, fin.: Sall. Also 
necesaarie: Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44 (n. de- 
monstrare). 

necessary (adj.): —|,_Indispens- 
ably requisite: ], nécessarius. every- 
thing vn. to life, omnia quae ad vitam n. 





NEED 





sunt, Cic. Off. 1, 4, mit. 2 nécessé, 
indecl, (with esse and habere)- buy not 
what you want, but what is n., emas 
non quod opus est, sed quod n. est, Catu 
in Sen. Ep. 94, 28: I do not deem it n- 
to write..., (von) babev n, scribere, Cic. 
Att. Io, 1, eztr.: necesse est is also 
hen freq.) foll. by subj., Zumpt L. G 

625: cf. Sall. Jug. 31, ad imit., necesse 
est suomet ipsi more praecipites eant, 
i.e. all that is n. is that, etc. 3. 
Opus, indecl. (need, needful: either with 
abl. of thing needed; or as indecl. predi- 
cate, the thing needed being nom): 
before you begin, deliberation is n., prius 
quam incipias, consulto opus est, Sall. 
Cat. 1, exty'.: V. NEEDFUL. ||. Inevit- 
able: nécessarius: if the first link in 
the chain (of cause aud effect) is n., tt 


jollows..., si, quod primnm in connexo 


est, n. est, sequitur, etc., Cic. Fat. 7, 14, 
et pass.: a n, conclusion, n. conclusio, 
id. lop. 16, 60. Or expr. by necesse 
V. NECESSARILY. 

necessary (subs.): expr. by néces- 
sarius: the n.s of life, quae ad vivendum 
sunt necessaria, Cic. Off. 1, 4, init.: may 
also be expr. by, quae natura desi- 
derat ; (omnia) quae ad victum cultum- 
que pertinent, Cic. Off. 1, 44, 158; quod 
ad usum vitae pertinet, ib. 3, 5, 22. 
Phr.: by this means the army was 
abundantly supplied with all n.s, quae 
res ommnium rerum copia complevit ex- 
ercitum, Caes, B.C. 2, 25, extr.: (barely) 
to obtain the ns of life by manual 
labour, manuum mercede inopiam toler- 
are, Sall. Cat. 37: V. LIVELIHOOD. 

necessitarian : Vv. NECESSARIAN. 

necessitate: cOgo, 3: Vv. TO COMPPL. 

necessitous: égens, ntis: v. DES- 
TITUTE. 

necessity : |, Unavoidableness ; 
impossibility of being otherwise : 3 
nécessitas: fatal n. (in phil. sense), fa- 
talis n., Cic. N. D. 1, 20, §5 (cf. id. Fat. 
pass.): to yield to n.,n. parere, id. Fam. 
4, 9: to impose on any one the n. of 
doing something, n. alicui afferre ali- 
quid faciendi, id. Ph. fo, 1, 2; n. im- 
ponere, Liv. 21, 443; n. injungere, Auct. 
B. Alex. 44: laid under a n., necessi- 
tate adductus, Cues. B. G. 6, 125 vi ac n. 
coactus, Cic. Quint, 16, 51; n. adstrictus, 
id. N. D. 1, 4, extr. 2, nécessitiido 
(less freq. in this sense than preced.: in 
Cic. only in the work, de Inv.) : to impose 
an. on any one, 0D. alicui imponere, Sall. 
Cat. 33, extr.: facere, Tac. A. 3, 64: cf. 
Cic. Inv. 2, 57, sqq- 8. expr. by 
nécessé, nécessarium: 7 is a n. for a 
moi tal body to die at some time, corpus 
mortale aliquo tempore perire n. est, 
Cic. Inv. 2, 57, 170: Vv. NECESSARY. 
Phr.: to do a thing from n., coactum 
({mecessitate] aliquid facere : v, COMPUL- 


SION. I]. Want, pressing cticum- 
stance: 1. égestas: Vv. WANT, DES- 
TITUTION. Prov.: mn. the mother of 
mvention, ingeniosa rerum egestas, 


Claud. (R. and A.). 2. nécessitas: 
on account of ones own n.s (pressing 
circumstances), suarum n. causa, Caes. 
B. G. 7, 89: Liv. 3, nécessitiido : 
Sall. : v. NEED. Il]. An indispensable 
thing: *quod carere non possis; res 
omnino necessaria: v, NECKssaRy. [VY 
In special sense, the n.s of nature: desi- 
deria obscaena; requisita naturae: v. 
NATURE (VII.). 

neck: |. Of an animal: i 
collum: the longness of the n.s (of 
geese), proceritas collorum, Cic. N. D. 2, 
47. 123: to lay hold of any one by the n. 
(esp. in arresting), alicui c. torquere, 
Liv. 4, 53, med.: so, obtorquere, PI. 
Poen. 3, §, 45: to support on then. and 
shoulders, c, et cervicibus sustinere, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 42, init. (fig.)- to fall upon 
any one’s n., alicui in collum invadere, 
id. Ph. 2, 31,77. 2, cervix, icis, /. (the 
nape or back of the n.; the n. as used 
in supporting burdens or exposed to the 
executtwmer’s weapon: in good authors, 
usu. pl.): the n.s of oxen made for the 
yoke, cervices boum ad jugum nutae, Cir. 
N. D. 2, 63,159: to expose one’s n. to 
the axe, cervices Suas securi subjicere, 





id. Ph. 2, 21, 51. this fair, white n, 


pulchra bhaec et candida c., Juv. 10, 
345. Dimin. cerviciila (poor, » «ak n.), 
Cic. Verr. 3, 9,49 Quint. 3. tauces, 
jum, f. (throut): to huve hold of any 
one by the n., (alicui) f. premere, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 76, 176 (tig.); f£ tenere, PL 
Cas. 5, 3, 4. So gula> to seize any me 
by the n. and drag him off, obtorté gula 
aliquem abripere, Cic. Verr. 4, 10, 24. 
(N.B.—The above cannot be used in 
meton. sense = life; excepting cervix 
in connexion with seculis, v. supr. 2. 
In this sense rather caput: his n is in 
danger, illius capitis res agitur: cf. Ter. 
Ph. 4, 3, 26.) Phr. to break the n. of 
an affair (all but settle it), profligare : 
esp. With ref to wars: cf. Cic. Fam. 12, 
30, bellum profligatum ac paene sub- 
latum. Join. (rem) profligare et 
paene ad exitum adducerr, id. | use. 5, 
6,15: an. and n 1ace, *certamen par 
et aequum ; certamen pariter aequatis, 
ut aiunt, cervicibus confectum: or expr. 
by aequo marte; v. INDECISIVE. A 
Uf a vessel: 1, collum: Fhaedr, 1, 
26, to (c. lagenae): Plin. 2. cervix 
(the outside of the n. o/ a vessel): Vetr. 
34 (in cervicibus [amphorarum] pit- 
taeia affixa, labels atlached to the ns of 
the wine-jars): Vitr. Dimin. (appy. 
without strictly dimin. sense), Vitr. 10, 
8 (13),2. [I]. Gland: 1, angustiae, 
arum (whatever ts narrow): (Corinth) 
situated on a narrow n. of land, posita 
in angustiis [atque in faucibus} Graeciae, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87. 2, fuucrs ium, /f. 
(like preced.): (Potidaea) built just on 
the n. of land which connects Pallene 
with the mainland of Macedonia, con- 
dita in ipsis f. quae Pallenensem agrum 
ceterae Macedoniae jungunt, Liv. 44, 11, 
init. (Not lingua, lingula (R. and A.), 
which denote the projecting tungue or 
spit: Liv. 1. ¢.) 

neck-band 2? focale, is (in Rome, 

neck-cloth § worn by sick persons 
or effeminate men): Hor. S. 2, 3, 255: 
Quint. If, 3, 144. 

necklace: 1, monile, is, 7. (for 
women or children): a n. of gold and 
gems, m. ex auro et gemmis, Cic. Verr, 
4, 18, fin.; of beads, m. baccatum, Virg. 
Aen. 1,654: touear an. of amber beads, 
monilis vice sucina gestare, Plin. 37, 
3, 11 § 44. 2, torquis or torques, 
is, m., less freq. f. (worm as an honour- 
able decoration by men; as by Gallic 
chiefs: also, presented as a military 
reward): to present any one with a 
crown and n., aliquem corona et t, 
donare, Cic. Verr. 3, 80, 185. Liv. 
Quint. 3. nicétérium (prize of vic- 
tory): Juv. 3, 68. 

necrology: V. OBITUARY. 

necromancer: necrémanticus (late 
and rare): IJsid. Or. 8,9, 11 (Lind. neero- 
mantii, nom. pl.) Or expr by circuml., 
*qui necromantia utitur ; qui inferorum 
animas (manes) elicere svlet, cf. Cic. 
Vat. 6, 14. 

necromancy: necroémantia: I act. 2, 
16. init.: Isid. Or expr. by cireumL, 
with manes elicere, etc.: v. preced. art. 

nectar : nectar, dris,n.: as drink of 
the gods, Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65: of any- 
thing delicious ; as honey (liquidum n.), 
Virg. G. 4, 164. 

nectarean : 
407: Mart. 

nectarine: *imygdilus Persica (7n- 
cluding peaches ani n.s): as a Class ot 
truits, included under gen. term, Persica 
mala, Plin. 15, 12, 11. 

need (subs.): |. Lack of any par- 
ticular thing or things: 1, Spus, in- 
decl, (as subs. with esse, foll. by abl. of 
thing needed ; as adj. used predicatively 
afier esse): we hare n.of a man anda 
governor, viro et gubernatore opus est, 
Liv. 24, 8, med.: cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 6, dux 
nobis et auctor opus est (showing that 
the two constrr. are precisely identical 
in meaning): very oft. with abl. of perf. 
part.: there is n of prompt action, 
opus mature facto est, Sall. Cat. 1, extr. 
Less freq. with gen.: Liv. 22, 51. med. 
(ad consilium pensandum temporis opus 

495 


nectireus: Ov. M. 4, 


NEED 





esse), etc. What n. is there, quid opus 
est (with inf.)? Cic. Att. 7, 8, iit. 
9. asus, is (with esse, venire; the 

thing needed in abl.: infreq.): the ships 
which the consul had no n. of, naves 
quibus consuli u. non esset, Liv. 30, 41, 
fin.: Pl.: Virg.: in case of n., si quando 
a. esset, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92 (but Cic. does 
not use the abl. after usus). 8, expr. 
by nécesse, nécessarius (implying more 
than need ; absolute indispensableness) : 
Vv. NECESSARY, See also TO NEED. Il. 
Reason or occasion for doing something ; 
esp. in phr., there is no need, you have 
no need to do this or that: there is no 
n. for me to say what I think about 
him, de quo quid sentiam nihil attinet 
dicere, Cic. Fam. 4, 8, med.: you have 
mo n. to dread my coming, nihil est, 
quod adventum nostrum extimescas, id. 
Fam. 9, 26, extr.: you had no n. to take 
so much trouble, non fuit causa cur 
tantum laborem caperes, id. R. Com. 16, 
extr. Il]. State of indigence : 1. 
Nécessitiido: those who were suffering 
Jrom the greatest n., quibus n. maxima, 
Sall. Cat. 17. 9, indpia, égestas: v.- 
WANT, DESTITUTION. Those who are in n., 
egentes: Cic. Am. 7, 23: Ter. 

need (v.): 1, expr. by Opus, in- 
decl., either as subs. or adj.: v. preced. 
art.(1.).  Q, &geo, ui, 2 (with adl., less 
freq. gen.) : when we do not n. (require) 
the eyes (in sleep), quum oculis non 
egemuis, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143: to n. help, 
auxilii e., Caes. B. G. 6, 11: to na 
doctor, a keeper, medici, curatoris e., 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 102. In same sense, in- 
digeo, ui, 2 (usu. foll. by gen.; less 
freq. by abl.): I n. your counsel, tui 
consilii indigeo, Cic. Att. 12, 35: to n. 
medicine, medicina ind., Nep. Att. 21, 
med. 3, réquiro, quisivi, itum, 3 (to 
look for as needful ; to require): Caes.: 
Cic.: Vv. TO REQUIRE. 4, sometimes 
expr. by gen. with verb esse (gen. of 
quality or description): the work ns 
great industry and perseverance, magni 
opus est laboris; magnae perseverantiae: 
cf. L. G. § 274. Phr.: you n. not (do 
this or that), non est quod, nihil est 
quod...: v. preced. art. (II.). 

needful : 1, Spus, tndecl. adj. 
(not used attributively): everything n., 
omnia quae opus sunt, Cato R. R. 14, 
init.: what is n. to be done, quid facto 
opus sit, Sall. Cat. 46 (quid adverbial) : 
v. NEED. 9. nécessarius (indispens- 
ably n.) : V. NECESSARY. 

neediness; nécessittido, égestas: v. 
NEED (IIL). 

needing kag )¢ 1. égens, indi- 
gens (former with abl. or gen.; latter 
usu. with. gen.): v. TO NEED (2). : 
égénus (in want of : with gen.): n. (lachk- 
ing) everything, omnium e. Liv. 9, 6 

needle; acus, ts, f: Cic.; Virg.: 
the eye of a n., acus foramen, Vulg. 
Matt. xix. 24. The magnetic n., *acus 
(aculeus) magneticus qui dicitur: to form 
in n.s (of crystallization), *quasi aculeos 
agere (?). 

needle-maker: Acuarius: Inscr. 

needle-woman: *quae acu ac lino 
victum quaeritat (cf. Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 
48, lana ac tela victum quaeritans). 

needle-work: opus acu factum (cf. 
phr. acu pingere, to embroider: Ov. M. 
6, 23: v. TO EMBROIDER). To be busy 
with n., *acui linoque operam dare. 

needless; minime necessarius: v. 
UNNECESSARY. Phr,.: wt ts n. jor me 
to..., nil attinet ut... Vv. NEED, subs. 


needlessly; sine causa: v. UNNECES- 
SARILY. ! 

needlessness: expr. by circuml,: 
he showed the n. of their alarm, *demon- 
stravit quam nulla causa esset cur per- 
timescerent: Vv, NEED (II.). 

meeds (adv.): écesse: Vv. NEUES- 
SARILY. 

needy: 1. gens, ntis: Cic. Am. 
9, 23+ Ter. 9, indigens, ntis: to do 
kindness to the n., indigentibus benigne 
facere, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 52. 8. inops, 
Spis (rarely in absol. sense): V. DESTI- 
TUTE. (Not egenus in this sense.) 

496 








NEGLECT 





nefarious: néfarius, néfandus, etc. : 
V. WICKED. 

nefariously; néfarié : v. WICKEDLY. 

nefariousness: expr. by adj.: v. 
NEFARIOUS. 

negation: négatio, infitiatio (act of 


denying): Cic. Join: negatio infitia- 
tioque [facti], id. Part. 29, 102. See 
alsO NEGATIVE. 

negative (adj.): |, Denying: 1. 


négans: there are certain n. (words), 
sunt quaedam n., Cic. Top. 11, 49. 2, 
negativus: . words, n. verba, Cai. Dig. 
50, 16, 237: a n. particle, n. particula, 
Apul. 93  privans (= GK. orepytixds* 
privative : as in- in indoctus): Cic. Top. 
Il, 48. 4, privativus (= preced.) : 
ne is a n. particle, ne particula priva- 
tiva est, Gell. 13, 22, extr. ||. Zm- 
plying absence of a quality; opp. to 
positive: expr. by cireuml.: virtue is 
not @ mere n. quality, *non satis est 
ad virtutem ut vitiis careas, liber sis. 
Phr.: a n. character, rather void of 
vice than possessed of virtue, ingenium 
medium magis sine vitiis quam cum 
virtutibus, Tac. H. 1, 49. 

negative (subs.): Phr.: to answer 
in the n. negare: to maintain the n., 
negare ; contendere rem non ita se 
habere (v. TO DENY, MAINTAIN): to meet 
a charge with a distinct n., facti nega- 
tionem infitiationemque accusatori op- 
ponere, cf. Cic. Part. 29. 

negative (v-): i.e. to reject by vote 
or veto ; 1, antiquo, 1 (lit. to prefer 
the old; hence, to disapprove any given 
measure: legal term): to n. a law or 
bill, legem, rogationem a., Cic. Off. 2, 21, 
73. 9. intercédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (to stop 
proceedings ; interpose a veto: with 
dat.): ton.a bill (said of the Tribunes), 
rogationi int., Cic. de Or. 2, 47, extr.: 
Liv. Join: entiquare atque abrogare, 
Liv. 22, 30 (but abrogare implies that a 
law has actually been passed). 

negatively : |. With denial: 
expr. by négo, infitior, 1: v. TO DENY. 

Il. By the absence of something ; 

opp. to positively: Vv, NEGATIVE (IL.). 

neglect (v.): 1, negligo, exi, 
ctum, 3 (to be careless about, and fail to 
attend to): to n. one’s private affairs, 
rem familiarem n., Cic. Sen. 7, 22: less 
freq. foll. by infin.: he n.’d to attend 
on the day notified, diem edicti obire 
neglexit, id. Ph. 3, 8, 20. Q. praeter- 
mitto, misi, ssum, 3 (to let slip, pass 
by): ton. (leave undone) no duty, nul- 
lum officium pr., Cic. Fam. 1, 8, init. : 
Vv. TO OMIT. 3. désum, ir. (to be 
wanting in attention to: with dat.): 
he does not n. his duty, non deest officio, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 41: Cic. (N.B.—In this 
sense deesse is usu. attended by a 
negative: as, neque amicis neque alieni- 
oribus deesse, Cic. Fam. 1, 9; vide, ne 
tibi desis, id. R. Am. 36, 104, etc.) 4, 
rélinquo, 3 (usu. to leave or neglect one 
thing to attend to another): v. TO 
ABANDON. 5, déséro, ui, rtum, 3 (a 
strong orEr): to n. (be guilty of dere- 
liction of ) duty, officium d., Cic. Off. 1, 
g, init. hr.: totally n.ing one’s per- 
son, incultus, horridus, Or. in Sen. 6, 13: 
cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7, nullus horror in 
cultu, i.e. he nowise n.’d his personal 
appearance. 

neglect (subs.) : 1, inciria (ab- 
sence of due care and pains): (soldiers) 
cut off by n., lack of Jood, disease, ine., 
fame, morbo consumpti, Cic. Prov. Cons. 
3, init.: long-continued n. (of the per- 
son), diutina ine., Apul. 9. negli- 
gentia (carelessness about anything; 
whether in a single instance or habi- 
tual): 1. of the ceremonies and auspices 
(i. e. disregard of them), Dn. caeremo- 
niarum auspiciorumque, Liv. 22, 9, med. : 
Cic.: Vv. NEGLIGENCE. 8, neglectio 
(act of neglecting: v.rare): n. of friends, 
n. amicorum, Cic. Mur. 4,9. 4, indili- 
gentia, carelessness, as causing neglect) : 
Cic. (Oftener expr. by verb: to be 
guilty of n. of duty, officium praeter- 
mittere, negligere, etc.: v. TO NEGLECT.) 
Neglect of a (former) favourite by his 
patron, frigus: Hor. Sat. 2, 1, 62: Suet.: 





NEGOTIATOR 


n. of the person (sometimes), horror 
Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7. 

neglectful: negligens nm. of one’s 
friends, n. amicorum, Cic. Verr. 3, 62, 
143: or with prep., n. towards any one, 
n. in aliquem, Cic. Fam. 13, t, jin.: also 
with circa, Suet. Tib. 69 (circa deos ac 
religiones negligentior). 

negligence: 1. negligentia (cf. 
NEGLECT, subs. 2). boorish n. (in attire), 
agrestis [et inhumana)] n., Cic. Off. 1, 36, 
130. Join: negligentia, pigritia, in 
ertia, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28. 9. incuria- 
V NEGLECT, subs. (1). (N.B.—In such 
expir. as, what n. was that! use gen., 
*quantae sunt haec negligentiae: quam 
turpis incuriae !) 

negligent: _ 1, negligens, ntis (not 
troubling oneself). either absol. or with 
gen.)i V. NEGLECTFUL, CARELESS. So, 
to be n, of., negligere: v. TO NEGLECT. 
Also in pass. sense: 7, attire, Nn. amic- 
tus, Quint. 11, 3, 147. Q, dissdliitus 
(lacking vigour and strenuousness: cf. 
Cic. Cat. 1, 2 4, cupio in tantis reip. peri- 
culis me non d. videri (vemiss, laz, 
negligent): n. about one’s property, d. 
in re familiari, id. Quint. 11, 38. Join: 
negligens ac dissolutus, id. Verr. 3, 69, 
162. 8, indiligens (not using due care 
and pains): Caes. B. G. 4, 71: Gell. 

4, rémissus (remiss, slack, lacking 

energy): opp. to agilis gnavusque, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 18, go: Cie. (Incuriosus =heed- 
less of, indifferent to.) Phr.: n. of per- 
sonal appearance, cultu corporis parum 
accurato, cf. Gell. 1, 5, init.: totally so, 
corpore nimis inculto atque horrido (v. 
TO NEGLECT, fin.): to be utterly n. of 
duty, *omnem officii curam penitus ab- 
jicere atque spernere. 

negligently: 1, negligenter: Cic.: 

‘ac. 9. dissolité: Cic. (For syn 
V. NEGLIGENT.) See also CARELESSLY. 

negotiate: 1. 4go, egi, actum, 3 
(to treat about anything): to n, with 
any one respecting anything, de aliqua 
re cum aliquo a., Caes, B.G. 1, 47, init. : 
so in pass., the points they had begun to 
n. about, quae res inter eos agi coeptac 
erant, ib.: Cic.: to expr. the absolute 
use of Eng., use de pace (de pacis condi- 
tionibus) a., cf. Liv. 30, 21, fin. (revocari 
C. Laelium placuit, ut coram eo de pace 
ageretur). 2. colléquor, lécutus, 3 
(to have an interview, confer: not de- 
noting formal treaty): cf. Liv. 30, 29, 
med., nuntium ad Scipionem misit, ut 
colloquendi secum potestatem faceret 
(would grant him an vnterview; at 
which negotiations might take place) : 
also, Caes. B. G. 1, 43, Ariovistus ex 
equis ut colloqueretur postulavit. (Not 
conciliare pacem; which is to bring 
about a peace.) See also foll. art. Phr.. 
they sent ambassadors to n. concerning 
peace, legatos de pace mittunt, Liv. 2, 18, 
Jin. 

negotiation: 1, expr. by 4go, 
égi, actum, 3. 7.s for peace were carried 
on, de pace actum est, Liv. 2, 18, fin. : 
cf. preced. art. (1). Q, colléquium (an 
interview, for the purpose of n.): he did 
not wish the (interview for) n. to be 
prevented on any pretext, neque collo- 
quium interposita causa tolli volebat, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 42, saq.: to break off the 
n.s, ¢. dirimere, ib. 46: to settle disputes 
by n., controversias per colloquia com- 
ponere, id. B.C. 1, 9, extr. (Here col- 
loquia implies less formality than con- 
ditiones : v. infr.): Liv.: v. CONFERENCE. 

3. conditio (any stipulation; esp 

for peace): Caesar did not decline n. 
non respuit c. Caesar, Cues. B. G. 1, 42: 
to settle (anything) by n.s, conditionibus 
disceptare, Cic. Att. 8, 11, extr.: to lose 
time in n.s, tempus perferendis tract- 
audisque conditionibus perdere G 
Join: conditiones pactionesque - 
licae, Cic. Off. 3, 4 jin 4. pactio: 
V. STIPULATION. Phr.. the ambassadors 
were dismissed and n.s broken off, legati 
pace infecta dimissi, Liv. 30, 23, extr. 

negotiator: 1. legatus(anyenvoy 
or deputy): ¥. AMBASSADOR. —Q, Orator 
(spokesman): Fabricius was sent a3 n. 
to Pyrrhus, concerning the prisoners 





NEGRESS 


NERVOUSLY 


NET-WORK 


em ——— ————_— 


F. ad Pyrrhum de captivis missus 0., Cic. 
Br. 14: Caes.: Liv. 3, conciliator (ove 
who manages and brings about): cf. Nep. 
Att. 12, c. nuptiarum (match-maker). 
4. internuntius (go-between, messen- 
ger between two parties): cf. Nep. Alc. 
5, per internuntios cum aliquo colloqui. 
negress: Aethiopissa: Hier. 
negro: Aethiops, opis: Liv.: Plin. 
negus: vinum calidum (wine undi- 
luted being merum): v. WINE. 
neigh (v.): binnio, 4: Lucr.: Quint. 
To n. at, adhinnio, 4 (with dat.): Ov. 
Rem. Am. 634. f 
neigh, neighing (svbs.): hinnitus, 
is: Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73. to strikeup an, 
h. tollere. Hor. Od. 2, 16, 34. 
neighbour: |. One living near : 
1, vicinus; /. -a: your next-door 7., 
y. proximus tuus, Pl. Mere. 2, 4, 7: Cic. 
Att. 2,14: a good n., bonus v., Hor. Ep. 
2, 2,132: Cic. Join: finitimi ac vicini, 
Cic. Sull. 20, 58. 92, finitimus (usu. 
on a large scale, of nations and tribes 
that are adjacent to each other): to wage 
wars with n.s, bella cum finitimis gerere, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 9: V. NEIGHBOURING. Also, 
in narrower sense, with vicinus: v. supr. 
(1). 8. proximus (very near neigh- 
bour) : esp. with vicinus: v. supr. (1): 
the Belgae ave very near n.s to the 
Germans, Belgae p. sunt Gallis, Caes. 
B.G. 1, 1. (N.B.—Propinqui are rela- 
tives: v. Cic. Off. 1, 17.) 4, one’s 
neighbours, collectively, vicinitas : Cato 
R. KR. 4 (si te libenter v. videbit): or, 
Vicinia: Hor. 8. 2, 5, 106. Il. Any 
other person, brought into relation with 
one: alter: tu do nothing for the sake of 
one’s n., nihil alterius causa facere, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 14, 41: Pl. Also sometimes 
homo: a man ought not to be a stranger 
to his n. ( fellow-man), oportet hominem 
ab homine non esse alienum, Cic. Fin. 3, 
19, 63: cf. Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 25, where 
humani nil = nothing that concerns my 
n.: to attend to one’s n.'s affairs, alienas 
res curare: Vv. TO MIND. 
neighbourhood: _ 1. vicinitas: in 
Umbria and that n., in Umbria atque in 
ea v., Cic. R. Am. 16, fin.: also, iclu- 
sive of the people: an. before disturbed, 
v. antea sollicitata, Sall. Cat. 36, init. 
2, vicinia (=preced.): in my 7, 
in nostra v., Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: she 
moved to this n., commigravit hue vi- 
ciniae, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 43: so, in this n., 
hic viciniae, id. Ph. 1, 2,45. 3, expr. 
by propinquus: esp. in phr., im the n., 
in propinquo, Liv. 24, 38, extr.: /rom 
(being in) the n., ex propinquo, id. 25, 
13, ad Jin. : to collect corn from the n., 
ex p. locis frumentum convehere, ib. 
ad init. So, adv. prope (in the n.): 
somewhere in the n., prope alicubi, Ter. 
Ad. 3, 4 7- 4. expr. by vicinus 
(mostly late): im the n. of the earth (of 
stars), in vicino terrae, Plin. 2, 16, 13 
§ 68: from the n. of Africa, ex vicino 
Africae, Col.: to reach the n. of Syria, 
in Syriae vicina pervenire, Plin. 16, 32, 
59: to be in the n., adesse : V. NEAR. 
neighbouring (@4j.): 1, vicinus 
(esp. of what is quite close at hand): 
a n. tavern, v. taberna, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 
24: n. cities, v. urbes, id. A. P. 66: Liv. 
2. finitimus (bordering on: esp. 
id states and countries) : the n. province, 
. provincia, Caes. B. G. 3, 2, fin.: v. 
BORDERING, adj. 3. prépinquus (in 
most gen. sense): 7. places, p. loca, Liv. 
25, 13,adinit.: Cic. Join: propinquae 
finitimaeque [provinciae], Cic. Ph. 11, 
13,34: V.NEAR. 4, confinis, e (having 
acommon frontier): inroads were made 
upon the n. territory, excursiones in c. 
agrum factae sunt, Liv. 4, 29, med.: 
Caes. : v. CONTERMINOUS. 
neighbourly: quod vicinum decet, 
aequum est facere: Vv. NEIGHBOUR. 
neighing (swbs.): hinnitus, ts: y. 
NEIGH, subs. 
neither (pron. adj.): neuter, tra, 
trum: 7. of them (Caesar and Pompey), 
o. illorum, Cic. Att. 7, 1, med.: in pl. 
with ref. to two parties of men: the 
Opinion of n. side is altogether to be de- 
Spised, neutrorum omnino contemnenda 


est sententia, id. Off. 1, 21, init. Ton. 
side, in n. direction, neutro: hope in- 
clining n. way, neutro inclinata spe, 
Liv. 5, 26, fin.: in n, place, neutribi 
(rare), Pl. Aul. 2, 2,56. Phr.: to take 


n. side (in a dispute), medium se gerere, | 


Liv. 2, 27, med. : Vv. NEUTRAL. 

neither (conj.): 1, neque (nec) 
..-. nec (neither .... nor): v. LG. §$§ 
568, 569. 2. néve (neu)....néve 
(= ut neque.... neque): (to denote 
a purpose or command): to arrange 
words in such a way that their juxta- 
position may n. be harsh nor cause 
hiatus, componere verba sic, ut neve 
asper eorum concursus sit, neve hiulcus, 
Cie. de Or. 3, 43, 171: cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 
67, eam (terram) ne quis nobis minuat, 
neve Vivus, neve mortuus, n. alive nor 
dead, Also neu.... neu, without alte- 
cedent ut or ne: cf. Caes. B.G. 7, 14, fim, 
oppida incendi .... mew suis sint ad de- 
tractandam militiam receptacula, new 
...., neither harbouring-places .... nor. 
See also L. G. § 564. 

neological : see foll. art. 

neology: *neologia, quae fertur ; 
perversa novorum dogmatum cupiditas. 

neovhyte: nédphytus, /. -a (late): 
Tert. (who uses the term of the newly 
baptized). In wider sense, tiro, Onis, ™. : 
Vv. NOVICE. 

nepenthe: népenthés, 7. iudecl. (Gr. 
vynrevOes): Plin. 21, 21, 91 (an unknown 
plant). 

nephew: fratris or sororis filius (as 
the case may be): Gai. Dig. 38, Io, 1 
§ 5: Cic. Clu. 7,21: Liv. So, great-n., 
fratris or sororis nepos, Dig. 1. c. § 6. 
Also nepos appears sometimes to be 
used in this sense : cf. Inser. in Forcell., 
avunculus nepoti bene merenti, i. e. an 
uncle to his well-deserving nephew : Hier. 
(but ace. to Forcell. only in late Latin). 
Kr. gives, nepos ex fratre, ex sorore, on 
the (alleged) authority of ‘l'ac.; but (?) 


(it is expressly noted in Dig., that there. 


was no special term for nephew or niece : 
ib. 38, 10, 10 § 14.) 

nephritic: renalis, e: Coel. Aur. 

nepotism: *nepotismus qui apud 
nostrates dicitur. Usu. better expr. by 
circnml., given to n., *qui suos neces- 
sarios (semet prognatos) plus aequo 
honoribus auget. 

nereid : Néréis, idis, f.: Virg.: Tib. 

nerve (subs.): |, Organ of sensa- 
tion: no known word; for nervus = 
sinew (cf. Cels. 8, 1, nervi quos te- 
vovtas Graeci appellant): in modern 
med. Lat. nervus is used for both 
sinew and nerve: see Hooper’s Med. 
Dict.s.v. ||, Meton., strength, vigour : 
nervi, orum (lit., simews): to strain 
every n. over a thing, in aliqua re 
omnes n. [indnstriae suae] contendere, 
Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 12, 35: specially of 
energy of style, Cic. Or. 19, 62 (horum 
oratio meque nervos neque aculeos 
oratorios atque forenses habet): v. 
STRENGTH, VIGOUR. Dimin., nervuli, 
orum: Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, extr., si ner- 
vulos tuos....adhibebis, strain a n.3 
put forth a little of your strength. 

nervous: |, Full of sinewy vi- 
gour: nervosus : Cic. Br. 31, fin. (quis 
Aristotele nervusior?): or expr. by 
nervi, orum: v. NERVE (II.). ll. 
Having much nervous susceptibility : 
Phr.: to feel extremely n. and shakey, 
tota mente atque omnibus artubus con- 
tremiscere, Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121: in 
sim. sense, trepidare (to be inan agitated 
state): cf. Pi. Cas. 2, 7, 9, ut ille tre- 
pidabat, ut festinabat miser! (v. TO 
TREMBLE 3 AGITATED): of @ n. tem- 
perament, *ingenio nimis trepido atque 
anxio: qui facilius quam opus est 
animo commoveri et trepidare solet. 

nervously : |. In a vigorous 
manner: nervose: Cic, Or. 36, 127. 

Il. With nervous excitableness : 
perb. trépidé, anxié, timidé: cf. Suet. 
Ner. 23, trepide anxieque certare: v. 
preced. art. (IL). o look n. around, 
trepidus circumspectare omnia atcae 
haesitare (cf, Cic. ‘Tusc. I, 30, 73, 
dubitans, circumspectans, haesitans). 
2K 











nervousness: |. Vigour of style; 
nervi, orum: Vv. NERVE(I1.). — [J, Over 
sensibility : *animus nimis trepidus 
anxiusque ; qualis eorum solet esse qui 
nervorum tremore laborant. 

nest: |. Lit.: 1, nidus-: tc build 
n.s, fingere et construere n., Cic. de Or. 
2, 6, 23: also, n. texere, Quint. 2, 16, 16; 
n. facere, Ov. M. 8, 257; u. ponere, Hor. 
Od. 4,12, 5: to take a n., *nidum au- 
ferre. Fig.: to keep to one’s n., n. 
servare, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 6 Dimin., 
nidulus (@ little n.): Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 
196 (fig. of Jthkaca), To build a n, 
nidifico, 1: Col. 8, 15, med.: Plin.: to 
make n.s of mud, of sea-weed, \uto, ex 
alga nidificare, Plin. 2, nidimentum 
(v. rare): used by Arn. of the ns of 
moths, étc.: Adv. Gent. 6, 16, p. 202. 
Phr.: to find a mare’s n., *ova equina, 
ut aiunt, iInvenire: vel, quod fere idem 
est, lac gallinaceum reperire (as we say. 
pigeon’s mille). I]. Fig. a harbour- 
ing place: réceptactilum : cf. Cic. Verr. 
5, 23,59, oppidum rece ptaculum praedae . 
also id. in Pis. 5, ~1, arx civium per- 
ditorum, receptacuinm veterum Cati- 
linae militum: v. RETREAT. In same 
sense, receptor, f. -trix (as epith. of a 
place): that n. of robbers, ille latronum 
occultator et receptor locus, id. Mil. 19, 
50: id. Verr. 4, 8, 17 (Messana, .... 
praedarum ac furtorum receptrix, i. e. 
your robber’s-nest). 

nest-egg: IVhr.: to leave a little 
money for an., *aliquantulum pecuniae 
in arca (quemadmodum gallinis parien- 
tibus in nido ovum unicum) in spem 
relinquere. 

nestle: Phir.: the babe ns in its 
mother’s bosom, in gremio [amplexuque} 
matris haeret infans pner, cf. Ov. M. 9, 
66; *arctius se ad matris complexus 
applicat ; altius sese mutris in sinum 
condit. (In gremio sedere or esse [R. 
and A.) simply = to lie in the lap.) 

nestling (subs.): usu. in pl. nidi 
(meton., and poet.): chatlering ns, 
loquaces nidi, Virg. Aen. 12, 475: 80, 
dulces n., ib. G. 1, 415. In more gen. 
sense, pulli (young ones): Cic. 

net (subs.): ], rete, is, m. (most 
gen. term): to set ns for deer, retia 
ponere cervis, Virg. G. 1, 307; tendere, 
Ov. M. 7, yor: Prop.: Cic. Dimin., 
reticulum (usu. that which is made 
of net): V. NET-WORK. 9. plaga (for 
hunting): to set a n., p. tendere, ponere, 
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68: todrive into the ns, 
in plagas conjicere, id. Fam. 12. 25 (dg.): 
Hor. : Ov.. v. MESH. 8, éverricilum 
(less correctly, verrictilum, Val. Max. : 
adrag-net): to land a haul of fish with 
the d., pisces everriculo in litus educere, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 17, med.: Ulp. Dig. Also 
called funda (poet.): Virg. G. I, 14]. 

, casses, ium, f/f. (hunting-nets, 

“toils;’ poet.: sing. v. rare): Virg.G. 
3, 371: Ov. (same constr. as preced.) 
For fig. sense, Vv. SNARE. 

net (adj.): Phr.: to make just so 
much n. profit, *tantundem ex aliqua 
re facere lucri, ut de summa omnes 
detrahantur impensae. See also TO GAIN. 

net (v.): |. 7o make net-work : 
texo, ui, xtum, 3: Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 
init. Il. To catch with a net: reti 
s. plagis capere: v. TO CATCH. See 
also NET (subs.). 

nether: inférior: v. LOWER. 

nethermost: infimus, imus: v. Low. 

netted: rétictilatus: v. NET-WORK. 

nettle (subs.): urtica: stinging n. 
urtica mordax : cf. Plin. 21, 1§. §5 (sil- 
vestris quae dicitur canina, caule quoque 
mordaci): Hor ead n., lamium : 
Plin. 1. c. (quae innoxia est, morsu carens. 
lamium appellatur): cf. id. 22, 14, 1 
(urtica mitissima et follis non mor- 
dentibus). 

nettle (.): perh. tro, ssi, stum, 3: 
ef. Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43 (tro hominem, 
I gall, worry, nettle the Jellow). To be 
n.d, stomachari, moleste ferre: Cic. 
Join: stomachari et moleste ferre, Cic. 
Fam. 15, 16: V. TO OFFEND, ANGRY (be). 

net-work: 1, réte or réticilum ; 
von R. 3, 5, ad jin. Q. réticd 

497 


NEUTER 





reticulatae fenestrae, i. e. windows with 
net-work over them: Vitr. 

neuter (a.): as gram. ¢. ¢., neuter, 
tra, trum Cic. Or. 46, 156 (neutra = n. 
substantives): Charis.: Prisc. Less freq. 
neutralis, e: Quint. 1, 5, 54. See also 
foll. art. 

neutral: 1, médius- to actan. 
part, m. se gerere, Liv. 2, 27, ad med.: 
Cic. an. character (neither good nor 
bad), n. ingenium, Tac. H. 1, 49. 2. 
expr. by neuter, tra, trum toremainn., 
Neutri parti sese conjungere, Liv. 35, 48, 
med.; *a neutra parte esse or stare. 
Join medius et neutrius partis, Suet. 
Caes. 15; medius ac neutram partem 
sequens, id. Ner. 2, tr. Also = inter- 
mediate, Cic. Div. 2, 4, int. (quid bonum, 
quid malum, quid neutrum). (N.B.—In- 
stead of neuter, Cic. has non alteruter - 
Ait. 10,1, Sulon. ..capite sunxit, si qui 
in seditione non alterius utrius partis 
fuisset, ie. remained neutral: and, 
where more than tuo parties are thought 
of, nullius partis, Fam. 10, 31, ad init.) 
Phr. tovemain n. (quiescere, Cic. Sen. 
4, 11 (collega quiescente) toto bello 
abesse et neutris auxilia mittere (with 
ref. to belligerents), Caes. B. G. 7, 63- 

neutrality: Phr.: to observe a 
strict n., toto bello abesse, etc. : v. pre- 
ced. art. 


neutralize: perh. aequo, t (fo coun- | 
terbalance): cf. Liv. 21, 4, jin., has tantas | 


virl virtutes ingentia vitia aequabant: 
or, compenso, I: V., TO COMPENSATE. 
never: vunquam or non unquam: 


after verbs of striving, advising, etc. | 


ne unquam =§ also with even, either, ne 
--+.quidem unquam: if 7 7. comes 
tnto being, ut n. perishes either, si nun- 
quam olitur, ne occidit quidem unquam, 


Cic. Rep. 6, 25: this In. said (emphasis | 


on never), non hoc unquam dixi, Quint. 
6, 3, 14: Virg.: I earnestly advise you 


nm. to trust that man, *magnopere te | 


hortor ne unquam illi homini confidas: 
¥. TO ADVISE, STRIVE, etc. (N.B—TIo 
express and never, use nec unquam 
rather than et nungquam; and to express 
never .... anybody, anything, use nemo 
nullus [nihil] unquam : cf. Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 
ezir., neque nos unquam !iberassemus : 
et paulo ante, ut nullum furtum unquam 
sit tam palam inventum, never was any 
deception, etc.) Phr.: never so... (with 
adj.), quamvis (in best authors with 
subj.): be the expectation n. so high, 
you will surpass it, quamvis sit magna 
exspectatio, tamen eam vinces, 
Rep. 1, 23: Vv. HOWEVER (adj.). 
never-more: non (ne) pusthac; nun- 
quam posthae: cf. Hor. 5. 2, 3, 297. 
nevertheless : 1, nibilominus 
or as two words (all the same as if some- 
thing were not as it is): n. (in spite of 
that) they might treat, nihilo minus 
tamen agi posse, Caes. B. G. 3, 17: Cic. 
Also nilnlo sécius: strengthened ky 
tamen: nihilo tamen secius, Caes. B. G. 
5, 4. 
timen (but yet, however): n. your pur- 
chases will be acceptable to me. attamen 
quae emisti grata mibi erunt, Cic. Fam. 


7, 23, mit.: Cleomenes loved her; n. he. 
did not dare. .., hanc C. amabat, verun- | 


tamen (non) audebat..., Cic. Verr. 5, 
31, 82- Ov. (al-o written verum tamen). 


though he saw..., n. he did not think | 
..., etsi videbat. ., tamen non put- | 


abat ..., Cues. B. G. 1, 46: it is a diffi- 
cult task; n. I will try, difficile factu 
est; sed conabor tamen, Cic. Rep. 1, 43- 
©, YET. 
new: 1. novus: to found n. states, 
n. condere civitates, Cic. Rep. 1, 7, (/i7.: 
n. consuls (newly elected), 1. consules, 
Suet. Caes. 15: a n. man (upstart ; one 
uhose family had enjoyed no state ho- 
nours), 0. homo. Cic. Mur. 7,16 nothing 
n., nibil novi, id. Rep. 1, 14. Join. 
novus et [ante hunc diem] inauditus, 
id. Leg. init.; novus et inopinatus, id. 
Verr. 2, 2 8, 24. N. milk, n. lac Ov. 
2. récens, ntis (fresh, recent ; 
though the thingy itself be not abso- 
lutely new): cf. Cic. Fl. 6, init., lex re- 
498 


Cic. ; 


Q. attamen, véruntamen, sed | 


latum Spus cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 7, ad init. | cens ac nova, i. e. newly passed and in 


| 











NEXT 


itself novel, unprecedented: Vv. FRESH. 
3, nOvicius or -tius (esp. of persons ; 
as newly hired slaves, venales novicios, 
Quint. 8, 2, 8: Varr.) also of things: 
n. wine, vinum n., Plin. 23, 1, 23. Vv. 
NEW-COMER, NOVICE. 4, novellus 
(strictly dimin. cf novus: sim. in force 
lo novitins): 7. settlers at Aquileia, n. 
Aquileienses, Liv. 41, 5, init.: n. vine- 
yards, 0. vineae, Varr. K. R. 1, 31, init.: 
Plin. Phr.: x. soldiers, tirones (v. kE- 
cruIt). N. Year’s-day, Kalendae Ja- 
nuariae. to receive presents om V. Yeur’s- 
day, strenas ineunte anno recipere, Suet. 
Cal. 42 (Ov. has novus annus, F 1, 149, 
but the expr. is poetic). an. tunre (with 
the nap of the cloth unworn), pexa tunica, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1,95: Plin.. to muke n., re- 
nevare (Vv. TC RENEW). 
_new-comer: 1, advéna, ae, c : 
Joreigners and n.s, peregrini atque a., 
Cic. Agr. 2, 34, extr 9. novicius or 
-lius, f. -a: Juv. 3, 265 (a term usually 
applied to new slaves not accustomed to 
their work). 8, hospes, itis, m. f. 5 
Ita: cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 15 v. STRAN- 
GER. 
newly: wuper, modd6. v. LATELY, 
RECENTLY. 
new-fangled: perh. inauditus (wn- 
heard of ; unprecedented) : ef. Cic. Caec. 
13, 76, novum est, non dico inusitatum, 
verum omnino inauditum. Or expr. by 
recens ac novus, ef. NEW (2). Gell. has 
novicius in somewhat sim. sense, N. A. 
11, 2, ad jin., turba grammaticorum 
novicia, the n. tribe ef grammarians. 
new-fashioned: nove ritu (abl. of 
description): ct. Hor. Od. 3, 1, 46. 
newish: paene novus; récentior 
(cl. L. G. § 351). 
newly: 1. niper: v.LaTeLy. Q, 
récens ; récenter (rare): a 7.-born child, 
puer recens natus, Pl. Cist. 1, 2, 17: 
Sall. fr.: Tac.: v. RECENTLY. (N.B.—The 
adverb, use of recens is infrequent, and 
better avoided.) 3. m6d6 (just now; 
a very little while ago): a tunic n. 
patched, tunica m. sarta, Juv. 3, 254: 
v. Just, adv. (Jil.). 
newness: bovitas: Vv. NOVELTY. 
expr. by adj.: v. NEW. 
news: 1, nuntius (esp. intelli- 
cence brought by messengers: for news 
reported in letters, v. infr.): good n., 
boni nuntii, Cic. Att. 3, 1£. nuntius 
optatissimus (most welcome n.), id. Fam. 
2, 19, tmit.; n. exoptatus, id. R. Am. 
7, 19: bad n., pn. tristes, id. Att. 3, 
17; n. acerbus (distressing), id. Bal. 28, 
64: to bring n. to any one, alicui n. 
afferre, id. R. Am, l.c.; perferre (im- 
plying a distant poiné to be reached), 
id. Bal. l.c.; n. ferre ad aiiquem, Liv. 
4, 41, extr.: the n. has reached us, nobis 
nuntii venerant, Cic. Att. 3, 17: also, n. 
accipere, id. 2. expr. by névus; esp. 
in pait. gen.: any n.? num quidnam 
novi? Cic. de Or. 2, 3,13. Phr. to re- 
ceive the n. of any event, alicujus rei 
certiorem fieri, Caes. (v. TO INFORM): 
aletter full of n., epistola plena actorum, 
Cic. Att. 2, 11: tou rite detailed n. about 
public affairs, de repubtica subtiliter 
[seribere], ib. 2, 21, mit.: all the n. up 
to May 25, acta quae essent usque ad 
VILL. Kal. Jun., ib. 3, 10, inat.: te write 
all possible n., quam plurimis de rebus 
scribere, ib. eztr.; omnia quam dili- 
gentissime scribere, ib. 3, 22, extr.: no 
letter without some particular n., nulla 
epistola sine argumento, ib. 1, 19, init. : 
Thare non. whatever to tell you, plane 
deest quod scribam, ib. 5, 5, init. 
newsmonger: *qui rumores captat; 
garrulus homo. 
news~aper: acta diurna; or simply 
diurna v. JOURNAL. 4A weekly n., *acta 
hebdomadalia. 
newt: lacertus, -a: v. LIZARD. (The 
great water n., is *Vriton cristatus ; the 
common smooth n., *lissotriton punc- 
tatus: Cycl.) 
next (adj.): 1, proximus (foll. by 
dat., less {req. acc., or prep. ab): then. 
circle below this, huic pr. inferior orbis, 
Cic. N. 1). 2, 20, 53: the n. foot to the 


Or 


NICE 





last, pes pr. a postremo, id. Or. 64, 217: 
Ov.: within the n. ten days, in diebus pr 
decem, Sall. Jug. 28 the n. thing 1s. for 
me to show...proximum est ut doceam 
...,Cic. N.D. 2,29, 7nit! (N.B.— When 
used of time, proximas often refers ta 
the next preceding: but it is used alse of 
what follows, ct. Caes. B.G. 1. 40, fin, 
se proxima nhocte castra moturum.} 
2. of time, séquens, ins@quens: vy. 
FOLLOWING. So, the vext thing is, see 
quitur ut...., Cic. N. D. 2, 32, inat, 
Phr.: within the n ten days (before 
they are over), decem his diebus: cf. 
Cie. Rep. 6, 11, hoc biennio, in the course 
of the n. two years (Madvig, L. G, § 276. 
Ubs 5). 
next (adv.): |, Of place: ib 
proximé or proximus (cf. L. G. § 343). 
with dat., acc. or ab and abl.: v. NEAR 
ady. (I.), 2, juxta v. CLuse (2). See 
also NEXT, adj. I]. Of time, succession, 
etc.: ], deinceps (implying a regular 
successton): cf. Cie. Off. 1, 14, 42, de 
justitia satis dictum est- deinceps, ut 
erat prepositum....next, in the next 
place; in connexion with nunc: n. let 
us consider...., nune d. cousideremis, 
id. Inv. 1, 33, extr.: see also id. Ph. 4, 
4, 9, deinceps laudatur provincia Gallia. 
2, proximé; also (in some cases) 
proximus: when the decurwns aren. con- 
vened, quum decuriones pr. eontrahentur, 
Plin. Ep. 5, 7,4 (more freq. = most re- 
cently: cf. Caes. B.G. 3, 29, extr.) : he was 
censor n. before me, censor proximus ante 
me (fuit), Cic. Sen. 12, fin 3, sécun- 
dum (n. after: both prep. and adv.): un 
spealcing, n. to the voice the features tell, 
in actione s. vocem vultus valet, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 59, 223. Pl. Join: proxime et 
secundum deos, Cic. Off. 2, 3, 11. (The 
adv. use = next, in the next place, is 
rare.) 4, expr. by discédo, ssi, ssum, 
3 (to denote that something stands all 
but first in estimation): n. to the claims 
of fraternal affection, I give you the first 
place, quum a fraterno amore Giscessi, 
tibi primas defero, id. Att. 1, 17, 2: 
more freq. with subj , quum discesserim, 
is, it: id. Fam. 6, 12, init. (ut quum ab 
illo discesserint, me proximum habeant). 
. also in certain connexions, 
deinde, dehinc, post, inde, postea, may 
serve: cf, Virg. E. 3, 58, inicipe Damoeta, 
tu deinde sequere, Menalca (and do you 
follow n.): Caes.: deinde and dehine, 
esp. in enumerations, cf. Sall. Cat. 3. 
primum, quod ...; dehine quia.... 
so, primum....deinde...., Cic. Rep. 1, 
24. What n.? quid (tum) posiea? Ter. 
Ad. 4, 5, 15 (et saepe): V. THEN, AFTEB- 
WARDS, FURTHER. 
nib (subs.): acimen, inis, n.: cf. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 33. 151 (a. stili). 
nib (%.): praeacuo, 3: Vv. TO POINT, 
SHAKPEN. 
nibble: rodo, si, sum, 3: v FO GNawW. 
More precisely, arrodo, 3 (to gnaw or n. 
at): Cic. Sext. 33, 72 (ar. rempublicam, 
Jig): Plin. 10 n. away, corrodo, 3. Cic. 
ton. all round, circumrodo, 3° le n. the 
bait all round, cir. escam, Plin. 32, 2, 
5 § 12. 
nice: |. Precise.eract: 1, sub- 
tilis. e (fine, penetrating, discriminat- 
ing): an. judgment, s. judicium. Cic. 
Fam. 15,6: an palate, s. palatum, Hor. 
S.2, 8,38. 2, exquisitus (choice, select, 
exquisite): a n. (vefined) taste in lite- 
rature, ex. litterarum judicium, Cic. Off. 
I, 37, 133: over n. personal habits and 
aitire, munditia odiosa atque exquisita 
nimis, cf. ib. 1, 36, 130. 3, acciratus, 
diligens: v. ACCURATE, CAREFUL. ll. 
Over particular, in diet or other things 
1 fastididsus (primarily, witn ref. 
to food): the sense of hearing is very 
n. (easily offended), aurium sensns fas- 
tidiosissimus, Auct Her. 4, 22, 32: 
Pl. Mil. 4, 6, 18 (with ref. to beauty). 
2, élégans, ntis (rare in this sense); 
bless me; how n. he is! eja, ut elegans 
est! Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 19° usu. in good 
sense, V. ELFGANT, TASTEFUL. To be 
(over) n., fastidio, 4: it is the mark of 
an. stomach, fastidientis stomachi est 
Sen. Ep. 2, : to be too n. to eat cabbage, 





| 
. 





NIGHT-MARE 


NINTH 











NICELY 
olus f., Hor. Ep. 1, 17. 15. I. Plea- 
sant to the senses (collog.): 1, Suavis, 


e (esp. sweet of smell; also, of taste) : 
woodpigeons, n. fare, palumbes, s. res, 
Hor. S. 2, 8, 92: Cato R. R. 158, extr. 
9, dulcis, e (prop. sweet, as honey : 

also in wider sense): V. DELICIOUS. 
Phr.: n. things (delicacies), scitamenta, 
Pi. Men. 1, 3, 26. 

nicely: |. With great precision : 
subtiliter: Vv. EXACTLY. |. Well 
(colloq.) : 1. probe: v. weir. Oft. 
in comic sense: n. drunic, adpotus probe, 
Pl. Am. 1, 1, 129: LU cheat him vn. 
ego hune decipiam p., ib. 271. , 
bellé (prop. dimin. of bene; hence freq. 
in culloq. lang.) : Pl: Cic.: v. WELL. 

niceness: VY. Nicery (11.). 

nicety: |. Precise accuracy: sub- 
tilitas. v. EXACTNEss, AccurAcY. Phr.: 
toan.: (1). ad or in unguem (strictly 
with ref. to the sculp or passing his nail 
over the smoothed worl): 
the sleull ave joined to a 7., suturae ca- 
pitis in unguem committuntur, Cels. 8, 
1, ad init.: Hor. S. 1, 5, 32 (ad unguem): 
Col. (2). ad amussim (also written as 
one word, admussim: lit. according to 
the rule or square): the number ts not 
to a n., numerus non est ad a., Varr. 
R. R. 2, 1, ad fin. : Gell.; also, examus- 
sim, I’l. Most. 1, 2, 19; Men. prol. 50. 
See also, EXACTLY, ACCURATELY. Il. 
Fastidiousness ; being over particular : 

J, fastidium (esp. in food): such 

n. as to refuse to touch (certain food), 
tantum f., ut nollent attingere, Sen. 
N. Q. 3, 18,2: Cic. 2, @légantia (usu. 
in good sense): Pl. Mil. 4, 6, 20 (with 
Tef. to personal appearance): V. REFINE- 
MENT. 3, mOrositas (over-scrupulous- 
ness): Join: affectatio et morositas 
nimia (de stilo), Suet. Tib. 70. Hl. 
In pl. only, excessive refinements: perh. 
argutiae, arum (cf. Cic. Am. 13, 45, 
nihil est quod illi non persequantur suis 
argutiis) : or, spinae (thorny subtleties, 
esp. in logic): n.s of division and defi- 
nition, spinae partiendi et definiendi, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, mit. 

niche: perh. aedicitila: cf. Petr. 29, 
fin., where it denotes the recess or niche 
Jor the Lares. 

nick (subs.) : |, Notch: incistra: 
v. NOTCH. |J. Exact point of time: 
Phr.: in the very n. of time: (1). in 
ipso articulo temporis, Cic. Quint. 5, 19 : 
or simply, in ipso articulo (colloq.), Ter. 
Ad. 2, 2, 21 (compare Pl. Men. 1, 2, 30, 
commoditatis articulos scio, J know the 
right n. of time to do a thing). (2). 
in ipso tempore: Ter. Andr. 5, 6, 10: 
less emphatic, in tempore, id. Heaut. 2, 
3, 123. (3). opportune (seasonably) : 
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 1 (Where it is used as an 
exclamation on meeting, Well met’): 
Caes.: who has superl. opportunissime, 
B. C. 3, 101. 

nick (v.): i.e. to cut a notch: in- 
ido, 3}: Vv. TO NOTCH. 

nickname (swls.) : 1, cognomen, 
inis, n. (strictly the family name; but 
used of additionul names or surnames 
generally) : he got the n. Caligula from 
a camp jolce, Caligulae c. castrensi joco 
traxit, Suet. Cal. g: v. SURNAME. Dy 
nomen (gen. term: hence needing to 
be defined by something in the context) : 


the young fellows gave me the n. of 


Sponge, juventus nomen fecit Peniculo 
mihi, Pl. Men. 1, 1, 1: more precisely, 
nomen joculare, Auson. (in Kr.); *no- 
men per ludibrium datum (Kr.). 38. 
vocabiilum (like preced, a gen. term): 
whom they called by the soldiers’ n. of 
Caligula, quem militari v. Caligulam 
appellabant, Tac. A. 1, 41. 

nickname (v.): *uomen per ludi- 
brium alicui facere, dare, etc.: v. pre- 
ced. art. 

nidificate : nidifico, :: v. NesT. 

niece: fratris or svroris filia: Gai. 
Dig. 38, 10,1 § 5. As nepos is used in 
later Lat. for nephew (y. v.), so neptis 
(grand-daughter) is occasionally used 
for niece: v. Forcell. s. v. nepos. 

niggard (s«bs.): homo sordidus: v. 
MOSER, 


the sutures of 








niggardliness: 1. sordis, is, /.; 
usu. pl.: Vv. MEANNESS. 2, nimia 
parsimOnia: v. FRUGALITY. 3, téna- 


citas (close-fistedness): Liv. 34, 7, med. 
niggardly : 1. sordidus (mean, 
miserly): Hor. S. 1, 1, 96° Quint. 9. 
parcus (economical; but often in bad 
sense): a most n. old man, senex par- 
cissimus, Pl Aul. 2, 5.9: Hor. Join: 
parcus ac tenax, Cic. Cocl. 15, jim: Vv. 
SPARING. 8, ténax (holding fast 
what one has; close-fisted): Pl.: Cic. 
(v. supr.). Very n., pertinax (rare): Pl. 
4, avarus. v. MISERLY, COVETOUS. 
5, milignus (not willing to give 
quay: opp. to benignus, largus): v. 
STINGY, SCANTY. 

nigh: prope, propinquus: v. NEAR. 

nigot: nox, noctis, f. (with hetero- 
clite abl. noctu, used adverb., by night: 
Cic. T'usc. 4, 19, 44: connected with 
interdiu, by day, Caes. B. G. 1, 8): @ 
cloudless n., n. serena, Cic. Rep. 1, 15: 
a starlight n.,n. illustris, Plin. g, 16, 23: 
at mid-n., media n., Cic. Att. 4, 3. by 
n., de nocte, id. Mur. 33, 69: the depth 
of the n., intempesta n., Sall. Cat. 32: 
in the early part of the n., concubia L., 
Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57: Tac.: day and n. 
(i. e. incessantly), noctes et dies, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 61, 260; noctesque diesque 
(poet.), Enn. in Cic. Sen. 1. (For late in 
the n., V. LATE, adj., IL.) Adj. noctur- 
nus, belonging to the night; in the n.: 
to undertake toil by n. and by day, 
labores diurnos nocturnosque suscipere, 
Cic. Sen. 23, 82: poet. = de nocte: the 
wolf prowls by n., lupus nocturnus ob- 
ambulat, Virg. G. 3, 538. Alsv, noc- 
tuabundus (rare): cf. Cic. Att. 12, 1, 
noctuabundus ad me venit tabellarius, 
came to me by n. Phr.: two, three n.s 
(together), binoctium, trinoctium (both 
extr. rare): Tac. A. 3, 71 (plusquam 
binoctium abesse): Val. Max. 2, 4, 5 
(trinoctio=tribus continuis noctibus, on 
three successive n.s): at the beginning 
of n., primis tenebris, Liv. 31, 24, med. : 
to he awake (sit up) all n., pervigilare, 
Mart. 9, 68, 8 (also with noctem: orat, 
ut eam noctem pervigilet, Cic. R. Am. 
35, 98): to work or study by 1. (by a 
lamp), lucubrare, Liv.: Cic. (v. TO LUCU- 
BRATE, LUCUBRATION): to pass the n. 
somewhere, pernoctare alicubi, Cic. Clu. 
13, 37: Varr.: lasting all n., pernox: esp. 
in phr., luna pernox erat, 74 was @ moon- 
light n., Liv. 5, 28: but also of other 
things: gambling kept up all n., alea 
pernox, Juv. 8, 10: to have a good n., 
bene quiescere, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 4: as an 
exclam., good n.! *bene valeas et qui- 
escas. (For night in fig. sense, use tene- 
brae, caligo: v. GLOOM, DARKNESS.) 

night-bird: nocturna avis; noctua 
(owl): Vv. NIGHT. 
cap: *gilérus dormitorius (sug- 
gested by Kr.); g. cubicularis (R. and 
A.). Phr.: to take a vn, *poculum 
bene quiescendi gratia sumere. 

—— dress: *vestimentum dormitor- 
ium. (Vestis cubicularis = rather, dress- 
ing-gown. 
fall: Phr.: at ., sub noctem, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 28; primis tenebris, Liv. 
31, 24, med.; quum nox jam appeteret 
(denoting simply the approach ot night), 
cf. Liv. 8, 38, med. 

— foundered: *noctu laborans. 

—— gowm: V. NIGHT-DRESS. 
ag; *anus nocturna, noctiviga. 

nightingale : 1, luscinia (less 
freq. luscinius, Phaedr.): Hor. S. 2, 3, 
245: Plin. 10, 29, 43: the n.’s song, lus- 
ciniae cantus, Plin. l.c. Dimin., lusci- 
niola (without difference of meaning), 
Varr. (*Motacilla luscinia, Linn.) 
poet. Philéméla: Virg. G. 4. 511. 

night jars caprimulgus: Plin. 10, 
40, 56. (#C. Europaeus, Linu.) 

nightly (adj.): nocturnus: Cic;: Vv. 
NIGHT. 

nightly (adv.): noctu, de nocte ; 
also, nocturnus (L. G. § 343): V. NIGHT. 

night-mare: 1. inciibo, dnis, m. 
(late): Scrib.: Coel. Aur. (The form 
incubus is of less authority.) 2. sup- 
pressio nocturna: Plin. 27, 10, 60 § 87. 











3, Gphialtes, ae, m.: Mucr.S. 5. 1, 

3, med. (as Gk., in hoc genere est édx- 
aAms; quem publica persuasio quies- 
centes opinatur invadere et pundere suo 
pressos ac sentientes grarare). 4, in 
More gen. sense, insomnia, orum: cf. 
Cic. Sen. 13, 44, Vinolentia, cruditate, 
insomniis carere (i.e. tv escape drunk- 
enness, indigestion, and n.): and Virg. 
Aen. 4,9, quae me suspensam insomnia 
terrent! 

night-shade: solanum : Plin. 27,13, 
108: Cels. (*Solanum nigrum, garden 
n.; sol. dulcamara, woody n.; atropa 
belladonna, deadly n.: Cycl) 
stool: sella (pertusa) cubicula- 
ris: Vv. STOOL. 
wandering: noctivigus: Luer.: 








Virg. 





watch: |. A portion of th 
night: vigilia: v. WATCH Wl. A 
guard keeping watch by night: vigils 
collect. vigiliae, exciibiae, -arum: Vv. 
GUARD, subs. (II.); watcu. Join: 
excubiae nocturnae vigilesque [the city 
n.}, Suet. Aug. 39. 

nimble: 1, pernix, icis (quick): 
Tam n. of hand, fleet of foot, p. sums 
manibus, sum pedes mobilis, PL Mil. 
3, 1, 35: bodies light and n. from con- 
stant excercise, corpora levm et multa 
exercitatione p., Liv. 28, 20, ad init.: 
n. (fleet) soles, p. plantae, Virg. Aen. 11, 
718. 9. agilis, e (oftener in gen. 
sense =active, brisk): the n. goddess 
(of the chase), a. dea, Ov. H. 4, 169: 
Stat. 3. mobilis, e (readily moved im 
any way): PL: Curt.: cf. supr. (1). 

4. habilis, e (usu. implying skill): 

she skims with nimble finger the strings, 
h. percurrit pollice chordas, Ov. A. 2, 4 
27. Phr.: very robust and n., maxime 
vigore ac levitate corporum veloces, 
Liv. 26, 4, med. 

nimbleness: 1. pernicitas: Caes. 
B. C. 3, 84 (of the light foot soldiers 
playing amongst cavalry): Liv. Join: 
pernicitas et velocitas, Cic. Tuse. 5, 15, 
45- 9, agilitas (activity): Liv.: 
Quint. 3, mobilitas (readiness and 
facility of movement): Cic. N. D. 2, 
15, fin. 

nimbly: perniciter: Liv. 26, 4, med. : 
Curt. (Or expr. by modal abl., so n., 
tanta pernicitate, etc.: Vv. NIMBL! NESS.) 

nine: ndvem, indecl. Distrib. nd- 
veni, ae, a (n.-apiece, at a lime; oF 
simply nine, with a subs. of pl. form 
and sing. meaning): m. bulls’ hides, 
novena boum terga, Ov. M. 12. 97: Liv. 
N.-times, novies or noviens: Virg. G. 4, 
480: Varr. N.-hundred, nongenti, ae, 
a: Cic.: Varr.: n.-hundred times, non- 
ingenties or nongenties, Vitr. .V. years 
old, novennis: Lact.: lasting n. days, 
novendialis, e: e.g. novendiales feriae, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5. The number nine, 
novenarius numerus, Varr. L. L. 
49, 86. 

ninefold; *novies multiplicatus. 

nineteen: 1. undevigintl, indecl. : 
Gic. Br. 64, 229: Liv. Distrib. unde- 
viceni, ae, a: Quint. 1. 10,44. VY. times, 
*undevicies (like undequadragies, Plin. 
7, 25,25)3 decies et novies: 7. hundred, 
mille et nongenti (Kr.): m. thousand, 
undeviginti millia (Kr.): . hundred 
thousand, undevicies centum (? centena) 
millia (Kr.): . thousand times, unde- 
vicies millies (Kr.) 9, decem et 
novem, indecl.: Prisc. de fig. num. 4 
(not novem decem, Prise. }. ¢. cf. Zumpt 
§ 115, Obs. 2). 

nineteenth: undévicésimus : Cic. 
Sen. 5. 14: Col.: or, nonus decimus 
(only form given in Prisc. fig. num: 5). 

ninetieth: nonagésimus: Cic. Sen 
5, 13: Prisc. 

ninety: monaginta, indecl.: Cic. Sen. 
o, 34. Distrib. nonagéni ; also non- 
genteni, ae, a: Prisc. fig. num, 6: Plin. 
(who has the short form, 36, 13, 19 
§ 88). NV. times, nonagies, Cic. Verr. 3, 
70, 163. 

ninny : ineptus, stultus : v. FOOL. 

ninth: nonus: Hor. S 2, 7, 118. 
Cic. For the n. time, *nonum (after 
anal. of tertium, quartum etc.). 


499 


NINTHLY 


NOBLE 


NOISE 





ninthly : by circuml. *deinde, quod 
nono loco est ponendum. 

pip: |. Zo pinch, twinge: perh. 
vellico, 1 (to twitch, fillip): Quint. 6, 
1,41. (More precisely, *extremis digitis 
comprimo: v. TO SQUEEZE, PRESS.) |], 
To destroy the end of anything ; esp. of 
the action of frost: tro, ussi, ustum, 3; 
with comps. praeuro, aduro, amburo: 
to be n.'d (pinched with cold) on the 
mountains, in montibus uri, Cic. Tusc. 
2, 17, 40: for other comps., v. FROST- 
BITTEN. Phr.: n. the thing in the bud, 
principiis obsta! Ov. R. Am. gr: cf. Cic. 
R. Am. 13, 36, perniciosam...potentiam 
primo quoque tempore extinguere atque 
opprimere (to take the very first oppor- 
tunity of destroying it). |||, To nip 
off : ampito, praecido, etc.: v. TO CUT 
OFF. 

nippers: forcipes: v. PINCERS. 

nipple: papilla: Plin. 11, 40, 95 
§ 235: Col. (Mamilla, the teat itsel/.) 

nitre: nitrum (natron, native nitre 
or saltpetve): Plin. 31, 10, 46 § 106. 

nitrous: nitrdsus: Plin. 31, 10, 46 
§ 107: also, nitratus: Col. 12, 55 (both 
= impregnated with n.: of n. nature, 
*nitri naturam habens). 

no (adj.): 1, nullus: used both 
in agr. with subs., and with part. gen. 
(=no single): in no certain order, n. 
certo ordine, Caes. B. G. 2, 11: no one 
of the larger animals, nulla beluarum, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 35,97. (N.B.—Instead of 
nullus vir, nullus poeta, use nemo vir, 
nemo poeta: no good man, vir nemo 
bonus, Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 41: no god nor 
mam, hemo nec deus nec homo, id. N. D. 
1, 43, extr. Also with part. gen.: no 
mortal man, mortalium hominum nemo, 
id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, fin.) 9. ullus, with 
some negative in the clause (usu. more 
emphatic than preced.): that that is no 
fault of mine, culpam meam non esse 
ullam, Pl. Merc. 3, 4,41: no one either 
forbidding or inviting, nec prohibente 
ullo nec vocante, Liv. 5, 40, med.: doing 
no damage, sine ullo maleficio, Caes. B.G. 
1,7. 3, nemo, of persons: v. supr.(‘). 

4, nihil, indecl. (with part. gen.) : 

no strength (at all), n. virium, Liv. 2, 
57: no nes, n, novi, Cic. Fam. 2, 14. 
(N.B.—This last use is confined to adjj. 
of the first and second declension.) Also 
nihil may sometimes be used with in- 
trans. and other verbs, where in Eng. 
the adj. no is used with a verbal subs. : 
to make no use of anything, aliqua re 
nihil uti, Cic. Agr. 2, 23, init.: I found 
no fault with you, nihil te accusavi, id. 
Fam. 14, 1, 6 (so, nihil habeo quod in- 
cusem senectutem, no fault to find with 
w, id. Sen. 5,13: cf. L.G. § 253). Phr.: 
by no means, haudquaquam, minime: vy. 
MEANS (by no). 

no (adv.): with comparatives only: 

1, nihilo (abl. of measure: L. G. 

§ 321): there is no more need for it now, 
n. Magis nunc opus est, Cic. Fam. 6, 3: 
in no greater dange?, n. majore in dis- 
crimine, ib.: esp. with minus, no less, 
none the less, Cic. Mil. 4, fin. : V. NEVER- 
THELESS. 2, haud, non: vy. Nor. 

no (particle of negation) : 1, non 
(more freq. with verb supplied from the 
question): to answer Yes or No, aut 
etiam aut non respondere, Cic. Ac. 2, 
32, 104: will this do ?—No (not it), satin’ 
sic est?—Non, Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 33: cf. ib. 
3, 2. 41, jam ea [dies] praeteriit ?—Non; 
verum haee ei antecessit (this use of 
Non is best suited for brisk dialogue, or 
when something else is at once added, 
as in last example): don’t you think 
then ?....No, certainly not, non igitur 
existimas....? Prorsus non arbitror, 
Cis: Tusesi4) 458: 2. minimé (an 
emphatic denial): are not you ashamed 
of your lying:—No, indeed...., non 
pudet vanitatis?p—Minime...., Ter. Ph. 
3, 2, 42: very often strengthened by 
vero: minime vero =o; certainly not, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, init.: ib. 4, 4, 8. ‘ 
nullo modo (by no means ; not at all) : 
can you not learn that in some other 
way ?—No; in no (other), an tu aliter 
id scire non potes?—Nullo modo, Cic. 

500 








Tusc. 5, 12, 35. 4. expr. by immo or 
imo (esp. where a correction of some- 
thing in the question is given): so then 
you say they (the dead) exist ?—No, on 
the contrary ; it is because they do not 
exist, etc., esse ergo eos dicis?p—Immo; 
quia non sunt...., id. Tusc. 1, 7, init 
5, expr. by négo, 1 (= to say, No): 
Diogenes says, Yes; Antipater, No, Dio- 
genes ait; Antipater negat, id. Off. 3, 23, 
gi: Pl.: strengthened by prorsus, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 5, 12. See also TO REFUSE. 
Phr.: No, thank you, recte, benigne: 
V. THANK YOU. 
no one, nobody: __ |, In ord. sense: 
1. némo, inis, c.: for which in gen. 
and abl. nullius, nullo, are preferred by 
the best authors (Kr.); sometimes in 
Cic. strengthened by homo (v. No, adj.) : 
or (more emphatic) by unus (no one per- 
son), Liv. 28, 35, med. (ut nemo unus 
Magis enise adjuverit rem Romanam) ; 
and n. quisquam, Ter. Kun. 5,9,2. 2, 
né quis (= that no one; after verbs of 
commanding, striving, etc.): it was a 
law at Athens that no one should bring 
forward a popular motion, lex erat 
Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, 
Cic. opt. gen. Or. 7, init. : it was enacted 
by law that no one should make a tomb 
..., lege sanctum est, ne quis sepulerum 
faceret..., id. Leg. 2, 26, 64: I will 
strive hard that no one may surpass me, 
*elaborabo (ut) ne quis me vincat, ef. 
Cic. de Or. 2,72, fin. ||, A person af no 
account : terrae filius, Petr. 43, med. : Cic. 
nobility : |, Nobleness of birth or 
rani: nobilitas (strictly the status of 
Jamilies whose members had held curule 
ofjices): to shed lustre on one’s n., n. 
suam illustrare, Cic. Br. 16, 62: Sall.: 
equestrian n. (rank), equestris n., Tac, 
Agr. 4. (Or expr. by generosus, nobilis, 
etc,: Vv. NOBLE, I.) |], Collectively, 
those of noble rank : 1, nobilitas (cf. 
supr. I.): a partisan of the n., nobili- 
tatis fautor, Cic. R. Am. 6, 16: pride, 
the common vice of n., superbia com- 
mune malum nobilitatis, Sall. Jug. 64: 
Caes. 2, nobiles, ium (cf. swpr. I.) : 
the rank of all the n., dignitas omnium 
n., Cic, R. Am. 6, 16: the sing. may 
also be used, but adjectively, Carthalo a 
Carthaginian noble, Carthalo Carthagi- 
niensis n., Liv. 22, 58, med. (where Car- 
thaginiensis is to be regarded as subs. 
and nobilis as adj., a Carth. of high 
rank): Vv. NOBLE. 3. optimates, um 
and ium (the aristocracy): a@ common- 
wealth which is under the government 
of the n. (an aristocracy), civitas quae 
optimatium arbitrio regitur, Cic. Rep. 1, 
26. Phr.: a member of the old n. (at 
Rome), homo veteris prosapiae ac mul- 
tarum imaginum, Sall. Jug. 85, ad init. : 
Iam not one of the old n., imagines non 
habeo et mihi nobilitas nova est, ib. 
med. III. In ethical sense; elevation 
of mind: magnus, generosus, elatus 
animus: vV. NOBLE, GENEROUS. (Not 
nobilitas in this sense.) 
noble (adj.) : |. Of high birth or 
eminence: 1, nobilis, e: of n. family, 
nobili genere natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 70, 
180: men of n. rank in their own coun- 
try, homines inter suos nobiles, id. FL. 
22,52. 2, générosus (of good family) 
no one is of n.r blood than thou, nemo 
generosior est te, Hor. S. 1, 6, 2: a lady 
of the n.st family, femina generosis- 
sima, Suet. Tib. 49: n. stock, g. stirps, 
Cic. Br. 58, extr. Join: generosa et 
nobilis [virgo], id. Par. 3, 1,20. Phr. 
of n. birth, claris natalibus, Tac. H. 2, 
86. |. Of lofty, generous spirit: 1, 
générosus: a n. kind of virtue, g. quae- 
dam virtus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 16: a man 
of most n. simplicity, vir simplicitatis 
generosissimae, Vell. 2, 125, ext. : Quint. 
92, élatus, excelsus: v. ELEVATED 
CII.) ; Lorry (II.). 8. libéralis, e 
(free, open-handed@) : V. LIBERAL. 4, 


mum facinus, Nep. ‘Tim. 1: Cic. 
—Not nobilis in this sense.) 


(N.B. 








nobleman; v. preced. art. 

nobleness : |. Of birth: nobill- 
tas; genus nobile; stirps generosa: y. 
NOBILITY (I.); NOBLE (1). —[J, Of cha- 
racter : v. NOBILITY (1I.), 

nobly: |, With ref. to descent : 
Phr.: n. descended, nobili genere natus, 
ortus, oriundus (this last denoting re- 


moter connexion): cf. NOBLE (1). Or 
expr. by generosus (ib.). J. In a 
generous, high-spirited way: 1, géné- 


rosé (rare): Hor. Od. 1, 37, 21 (genero- 
sius = more like a high-born lady). 
2, praeclaré (in gen. sense, finely, 

admirably): you are acting n., Tri- 
bunes ! pr. facitis, Tribuni! Cic. Ph. 3, 
10, 25. So diviné (admirably, incom- 
parably): Cic.: Quint.: Vv. DIVINELY. 

nobody: V. NO ONE. 

nocturnal: nocturnus: v. NIGHTLY 
(adj.). 
nod (subs.): niitus, is: to speak with 
the fingers or by a n., digitis nutuque 
loqui, Ov. Tr. 2, 453: Virg. Esp. as 
signal of command: to do everything at 
@ (mere) n., 1. &. with promptest obe- 
dience, ad 1. omnes res administrare, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 23: Cic. (Nutatio= act 
of nodding: Plin. 11, 37, 49.) 

nod (v.): 1, nito, 1 (frequent. of 
obsol. nuo): ton. repeatedly to any one 
(as in auctions), alicui crebro capitis 
motu n.,Suet. Cal. 39: Hor. Fig.: the 
helmets n.,n. galeae, Liv. 4, 37, fin. 2, 
annuo, i, titum, 3 (to n. to any one, esp. 
to n. assent): he n.s assent, annuit [et 
totum nutu tremefecit Olympum ], Virg. 
Aen. g, 106: ef. Cic. Quint. 5, 18, simul 
ac annuisset, i.e. at his first nod or 
signal. (Pl. As. 4, 1, 39, joins, nutare, 
nictare, annuere, the difference being 
that the latter indicates a definite object 
of the action.) Seve also TO BECKON. 

nodding (subs.): nutatio: Plin. 11, 
37, 49: ¥. NOD. 

noddy: ineptus: v. SMrPLETON, 

nodes: in astronomy, nodi, orum: 
Manil. 3, 622. 

nodule: perh. glandium (“a deli- 
cate Icernel or glandule in meat ; esp. in 
pork’’): ef. Plin. 8, 51, 77 § 209: PL 
Cap. 4, 4, 7 (whence the term appears 
to have been applied to a particular 
part of pork). Full of n.s, glandulosus, 
Col. 7, 9, 1 (g. cervix suis). 

noise (subs.) : 1, strépitus, us 
(confused din): n. of wheels, s. rotarum, 
Caes. B. G. 4. 33: the n. of the forum, 
s. fori, Cic. Br. 92, 317: Virg. 2. 
stridor (a harsh grating or creaking 
n.): n. (creaking) of cordage, 3. ruden- 
tum, Virg. Aen. 1, 87; of @ gate, s. 
januae, Ov. M. 11, 608 (but also strepi- 
tus, Tib. 1, 8, 60): n.s (singing) in the 
ears, stridores aurium, Plin. 20, 6, 21. 

3. crépitus, us (crackling, rattling 

n.): the n. of arms, ¢. armorum, Liv. 
25, 6, ad fin.: the n. made by a hand 
slapping the shoulders, c. illisae Manus 
humeris, Sen. Ep. 56,1: Cie. 4, frém- 
itus, ts (a deep, roaring n.): the n. 
of waves, (fluctus) fr., Cic. Tuse., 5, 2, 
5: shouts and n. (murmur) of an army 
marching, (agminis) clamor f.que, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 24: v. ROAR, MURMUR. 5, 
fragor (harsh n.): V. CRASH. 6, soni- 
tus, Us (gen. term): v. SOUND. 
clamor (prop. shouting; less freq. o' 
inarticulate n.s): all kinds of n.s are 
to be heard around me, varius clamor 
undique me circumsonat, Sen. Ep. 56, 
init.: Virg. 8, convicium (loud n., 
esp. of persons bawling): cf. Cic. Arch. 
6, 12, ubi animus ex hoc forensi strepitu 
reficiatur, et aures convicio defessie con- 
quiescant (uproar, q. v.): to make a n. 
(“row”) in front of a house, ante aedes 
facere c., Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 26: Phaedr. 1, 


| 6, 5 (of the croaking of frogs). 


—, to make: 1, strépo, ui, 
itum, 3 (for syn. v. NOISE, subs.): the 


| bees make a (buzzing) noise in their 
praeclarus (gen. term, denoting high | 
praise): a most n. deed, praeclarissi- | 


noble (subs.): homo (vir) nobilis ; | 


unus e nobilibus: v. preced. artt. 


hive, apes in alveo s., Plin. 11, Yo, 10° 
Tac.: Virg. (In prose better, strepitum 
edere ; like clamorem edere, Cic, Div. 2, 
23, 50, etc.: strepitum facere, Ov. M. 
11,650; ib. 14,782.) Frequent. strépito, 
1; V-rg. 2. crépo, crépito, 1: v. Ta 








NCISE ABROAD 





CEACKLE, RATTLE. 
TO MURMUR, ROAR. 
noise abroad (v.): 1. efféro, ex- 
tili, Glatum, 3, irr.: for this to get n.d 
abroad, efferri hoc foras, [et ad P. R. 
aures pervenire], Cic. Ph. 10, 3,6: Ter.. 
so, in vulgus efferri, Caes. B. G. 1, 46: 
Tac (In sim. sense, differo; but usu. 
with ref. to slanderous or unfavourable 
reports: cf. Tac. A. 3, 12, med., differri 
etiam per externos, tanquam veneno in- 
terceptus esset: Suet.) 92, évulgo, 1: 
Y. TO PUBLISH, SPREAD. The pass, may 
also be expr. by, crebescere, percre- 
bescere (crebr-) ; enotescere, etc.: v. TO 
GET ABROAD. 
noiseless: 1, tacitus, sileus (silent, 
still): Virg.: Ov.: v.SILENT. 2, more 
precisely, strepitum non faciens: with 
n. footstep, strepitum passu non faciente, 
Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 36: id. M. 11, 650. > 
surdus (pvet.): (conscience) lashes with 
n. stroke, s. verbere caedit, Juv. 13, 194: 
Plin.: v. MUTE. 
noiselessly: 1, tacité: v.SILENTLY. 
9, usu. better expr. by circumL, 
nullo strepitu, sine ullo strepitu: v. 
XOISE (subs.); NOISELESS (2). 
noisily; cum strepitu; cum magno 
clamore atque convicio: cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 
1, 203 (tanto cum strepitu, so n.): Cic. 
Verr. 5, 11, 28. 
noisome : 1, téter, tra, trum 
(taet.): a n. smell, t. odor, Caes. B.C. 3, 
49: regions n., neglected and foul, loca t., 
inculta, foeda, Sall. Cat. 52, med.: Lucr. 
2. foedus: v. FOUL, DISGUSTING. 
noisomeness: expr. by adj.: v. 
NOISOME. 
noisy: 1, clamdsus (given to 
bawling; also, full of noises): a n. 
wrangler, [turbidus et] c. altercator, 
Quint. 6, 4, 15: the n. Circus, c. Circus, 
Mart. 10, 53: Stat. 2, argiitus (chiefly 
poet.): the n. forum, a. forum, Ov. A. A. 
1, 80: the n. saw, a. serra, Virg. G. 
J, 143. 
shrill noise.) 8. expr. by strepere, 
circumstrepere, resonare, etc.: though 
all outside be so n., licet omnia foris 
resonent, Sen. Ep. 56, 4; licet omnes 
circumstrepant clamores, cf. ib. §§ 3, 14: 
how n. this place is! *ut bic locus vario 
clamore atque convicio strepit! v. NOISE. 
4, strepitiis, clamoris, convicii ple- 
nus: y. NoIse. (l'umultuosus, turbu- 
lentus = disorderly, not simply noisy.) 
nomade (subs.): in pl., 1, ndmades, 
um (used as proper name: cf. Mela 2, 
I, 40): Piin. 5, 3, 2 (Numidae vero No- 
mades a permutundis pabulis, mapalia 
sua, hoc est, domos plaustris circum- 
ferentes; numidae, arum, was also used 
as an appeliative: cf. Vitr. 8, 3, 8, 
Arabia numidarum). 2, expr. by adj. 
vagus: cf. Sall. Jug. 18, Gaetuli vagi, 
palantes: also, Mela 2, 1, 99, vagi No- 
mades pecorum pabula sequuntur, atque 
ut illa durant, ita diu statam sedem 
agunt: i.e. they are nomads. 
nomadic: vigus (wandering > only 
as epith. of people): Sall.: Mela: v. 
preced. art. Phr.: am. people, *qui 
pabula sequentes sedemque permutantes 
vivunt: ef. preced. art. Sometimes it 
may be needful to use the subs. no- 
mades: they livean. life, *nomadum (qui 
dicuntur) ritu vitam egunt, habitant. 
nomenclator: nomienclator (a slave 
whose business tt was to prompt people's 
names): Cic. Mur. 36, 77: Sen. 
nomenclature: nomenclatiira (enw- 
reration of names): Plin. 3, provem. 
§2. Usu. better expr. by vocabulum: 
they use a different n., *diversa voca- 
bulorum ratione utuntur. 
nominal: expr. by nomen, verbum: 
more n, than real strength, magis nomen 
quam vires, Liv. 7, 2g, med.: this is a 
n. not a real distinction, *haec verbo 
(nomine) solum non re distinguuntur: 
cf NOMINALLY. 
nominalist: in pl., the n.s, * Nomi- 
ales; opp. to Reales, Erasm. ii. 362. 
nominally: 1, verbo, noémine: 
ef. Nep. Phoc. 3, causam apud Philip- 
pam mm verbo, re ipsa quidem apud 
_.. (nominally before one. really be- 


(Argutus properly denotes a | 


3. frémo, 3: v. 





NONE 


NORTH 








Sore another): so, verbo et sinulatione 
...., Opp. to, re vera, Cic. Verr. 3, 58, 
133: money levied, n. for the fleet, clas- 
sis nomine pecunia imperata, id. FL 12, 
init. 2. spécie, per spéciem (in ap- 
pearance, under colour of...): the city 
was n., free; but in reality...., specie 
liberam (civitatem) esse; re vera...., 
Liv. 35, 31, med.: n. to help the Byzan- 
tines; in reality...., per speciem By- 
zantinis auxilii ferendi, re ipsa...., ib 
39, 35. See also PRETENCE. 

nominate: _|. 7» appoint to an 
office : ], nomino, 1 (either to desig- 
nate or actually appoint to an office): 
Cn. Pompeius and Q. Hortensius n.d 
me for augur, me augurem Cn. Pom- 
peius et Q. Hortensius nominaverunt, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 2,4: to n. an interrex (act 
of the senate), interregem n., Liv. 1, 32, 
init. Q. dico, xi, ctum, 3 (to appoint 
authoritatively): to n. a dictator, a 
master of horse, dictatorem, magistrum 
equitum d., Liv. 7, 17, med.: 3, 27, init. 
(the regular word to denote the nomi- 
nation of master of horse by a dictator). 
See also TO APPOINT. [|. 70 institute 
as heir, etc.: 1, instituo, 3: v. To 
appoint (L.,b.). 2, nuncipo, 1 (for- 
mally) : to be openly (publicly) n.d heir, 
heredem palam nuncupari, Suet. Cal. 
38: Gai. 3. scribo, psi, ptum, 3 (i 
writing ; by testament): to n. any one 
a guardian to children, aliquem tutorem 
liberis suis s., Cic. Clu. 14, 41: to n. as 
heir, heredem s., id. Mil. 18, fin.: Caes. 

nomination: 1. nominatio (e.g. 
of augurs. pontiffs, etc.): on my n., mea 
n., Cic. Ph. 13, 5, 12: on the n. of the 
consuls, nominatione consulum, Tac. A. 
6, 45- 2. nuncipatio (of an heir): 
Suet. Cal. 38. (Or expr. by verb: v. TO 
NOMINATE.) 

nominative case: 1. casus n0- 
minativus: Quint. 1, 7,3: Varr. (Also | 
simply nominativus, Later Grr.) oF 
casus rectus (Gr. mrwats op6y): Quint. | 
¥,4f, 13)s) WV alr. 

nominee: expr. by nomino: the n. of | 
the consul, *is quem consul nominavit ; 
(homo) a consule nominatus: v. TO! 
NOMINATE. | 

nonage: V- MINORITY. 

non-appearance : 1. expr. by 
non adsum, non compareo (non-legal): | 
in case of their n. (in the assembly) on | 
summons, qui nisi adsint quum citentur, | 
Pl. Men. 3, 1, 9: cf. Cic. Clu. 64, 180, 
suspiciv in eos servos qui non compare- | 
bant commovebatur, i. e. on their n. | 

9. with ref. to @ civil action, expr. 

by déséro, ui, rtum, 3: to forfeit one’s | 
recognizance by n., vadimonium d., Cic. | 
Quint. 23, 75: Plin. 3, expr. by non | 
sisto, stiti and stéti, 3 (legal term): in 
case of his n. in court, qui non steterit, 
Gai. 4, 185: Ulp. Dig. 2, 10,1: Jraudu- 
lently to cause any one’s n.in court, dolo 
facere quominus quis, in judicium voca- 
tus, sistat, Paul. ib. 2, 10,2: or pass. in 
same sense, quominus in judicio sista- 
tur (or se sistat), Jul. ib. 2, 10, 3 $2: 
so, dolo malefacere ne quis in Judicium 
veniat, ib. § 4. 

non-attendance : 
adesse: v. preced. art. 

non-conductor:: expr. by *non 
transmittere (ignem, vim electricam, 
etc.). 

nonconformist: *quia religionibus 
publice institutis dissidet. 

nonconformity: expr. by dissidére, 
etc.. v. preced, art. 

non-descript; *nullo certo generi | 
ascriptus. 

none: nemo, nullus: v. NO, NO ONE. 
Sometimes where none is used as subs., 
instead of repeating a subs. with no, 
non is to be used: seeking rest and 
Jjinding n., quaerens requiem et non in- 
veniens, Vulg. Matt. xil. 43 (where, 
however, nullam might have stood = 
none at all). Sometimes the subs. is 
best repeated, esp. after a short interval, 
ef. Ov. A. A. 1, 151, et si nullus erit 
pulvis (where, pulvis si forte deciderit 
precedes), and if there be nome to brush 
away. But after none is nisi or praeter | 





expr. by 


nou 





| (A less collog. word than preced.) 


n. but those who thoroughly understard, 
nemo nisi qui prudenter intelligit, Cic 
Br. 6, 23: cf. nemini praeter me, id. Att 
% 1,2- 
nonentity: expr. by nullus: cf. 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 1, vides nullam esse 
rempublicam, nullum Senatum...., you 
see the commonwealth is a n., the Senate 
an., etc.: id. Fam. 7, 3, ex illo tempore 
vir ille summus nullus imperator fuit, 
ameren. Also nihil: cf. Ter. Andr. 2, 
I, 14, id aliquid nihil est, is a mere n. : 
also, Cic. Sext. §3, 114, auspicia, Senatus 
auctoritatem, etc., nibil putare, to look 
on them as 7.8. 
nones: of 4 month, nonae, arum : Cic. 
non-existence: expr. by non ease, 
existere : V. TO EXIST. 
non-juror : *qui in verba [novi regis] 
jurare non vult. 
non-observance : 
servare: V. TO OBSERVE. 
non-payment: expr. by non pen- 
dere, solvere: v. TO PAY. 
non-plus (v.): Phr.: ad incitas s. 
incita redigere ( figure borrowed from a 
game played with pieces): Pl. Poen. 4, 2, 
85 (ad incitas sc. calces); Lucil. in Non, 
123, 127 (ad incita): so with deducere, 
Apul. Nearly equiv. is, in (summas) 
augustias adducere (to reduce to great 
straits), Cic. Quint. 5, 19. See also To 
GRAVEL. 
non-resident: *qui in suis agris 
domicilium non habet. 
non-resistance: patientia: v. 
DURANCE. 
nonsense: 14, nugae, arum (¢ri- 
Jling n.): to be pleased with such n, 
tantis delectari n., Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30: 
some n. (trifle) or other, nescio quid nu- 
garum, Hor. S. 1, 9, 2. As exclam. 
nugas! nonsense! Pl. Pers. 4,7, 8. 2. 
ineptiae, arum (absurdities): old wives’ 
n., aniles i., Cic. Tusc. 1, 39,93: Suet 
3. 
gerrae, arum (comicé): exclam., gerrae! 
stuff ! nonsense ! Pl. Trin. 3, 3, 31: Fest, 
In same sense, fabulae! logi! somnia! 
Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 8, sqq. bv talk n., garrire, 
Hor. S. 1, 9, 13 (garrire quidlibet): you 
are talking n.! garris! Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 
87: also, nugari (sportively), Hor. S.z, 1, 
733 hariolari (to tal/c mere n.), Ter. Ph. 
3, 2, 83 ineptire (absurdly), id. Ad. 5, 
8, II. 
nonsensical: ineptus, absurdus, 
ete. : V. ABSURD, FOOLISH. 
nonsuit (v.): Phr.: to be n.’d, caus& 
cadere, Cic. Inv. 2, 19, 57: also in Dig. 
condemnari, damnari (to have sentence 
given against one), ib. Ulp. 2, 1, 19, et 
pass.: cf. ib. 9, 4, 21 § 4, qui condem- 
nartur quasi contumaces, i.e. u ho are 
n.d for contumacy. See also, TO LOSE 
dl. a 
odle: v. SIMPLETON. 
pet angilus: Hor. Od. 2, 6, 14. 
See also RETREAT. 
noon: méridies, i, m.: before n., 
after n., ante, post m., Cic. Tusc. 2, 3: 
Also meridianum tempus (the time about 
noon), Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 17- 
noon-day: as adj., méridianus: the 
n. sun, m. sol, Plin. 12, 19, 42 § 86: 
Cic.: v. preced. art. 
noon-tide: meridianum tempus: vy. 
NOON. 
noose (svbs.): laqueus: to snare 
game with ns, laqueis captare feras, 
Virg. G. 1, 139: Cic.: Vv. HALTER. 
noose (v.): illaqueo, 1: Vv. TO EN- 
SNARE. 
nor: néque (nec); néve (neu): after 
preced. neque or neve: V. NEITHER. 
normal: Pbhr.: a commonwealth im 
its n. condition, *qualis eX Dorma sua 
civitas esse debet: n. schools, *scholae 
normales, quae appellantur. 
north (subs.): 1. septentrio, dnis, 
m.; or pl. septemtriénes, um (the pl. 
is the older form, denoting the seven 
stars of Ursa Major): towards the n., 
ad septentriones, Circ. N. D. 2, 19. 49: 
they face the n., spectant in septentriones 
(al. -em), Caes. B. (3. 1, 1: also = the 
northern part or stde of a region, Liv. 
2, 13 (septentrio a Macedonia obj 
501 


expr. by non 


EN- 


NORTH, NORTHERN 





NOT 





citcr). 
the N.-wind: less freq.) a cave facing 
the m., spelunca ad a, conversa, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 48, 107 (a passage savouring of 
poetry). 3, Boreas, ae, m. (like pre- 
ced. : poet.): Hor. Od. 3, 24, 38. 
north, northern: 1, septentrion- 
alis,e- the n. part (of the earth), s. pars, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, ad init.: Plin. N.-pl., 
septentrionalia, n. parts: e. g. septen- 
trionalia Germaniae, lac. Agr. ro: Plin. 
2. aquilonaris, e (rare) Cic. N. D. 
2,19, 50. Also, aquilonius: Piin,: Col. 
8, Boréus (poet. and rare): Ov. 
Tr. 4, 8, 41. Also, Borealis, e: Avien. 
Phr.: the n. lights, *aurora quae dicitur 
Borealis. 4, arctous (poet. and rare): 
Mart. 5. 68. 
northerly: (in) septentrionem spec- 
tans: v. TO LOOK TOWARDS. 
north-east: Pbhr.: to lie N.E., inter 
septentrivnes (al. -em) et orientem spec- 
tare, Caes. B. G. 1,1: on the N.E. side, 
ab hiberno ortu, Liv. 38, 20, med. The 
N.E. wind, aquilo, dnis, m.: (also, a 
north wind, in gen. sense): Plin. 2, 47, 
46 § 119, inter septentrionem et ex- 
ortum solstitialem aquilo (which makes 
{t about N.N.E.): more exactly, caecias, 
ae, m., Plin. 1. c. (where this wind is 
placed between aquilo and the equinoc- 
tial rising of the sun): written by Sen, 
as Gk., Kackias, N. Q. 5, 16, 5. 
north-easterly: inter septentrionem 
(-es) et orienteim spectans: Vv. NORTH- 
EAST. 
north-pole: arctos, i, f. (meton.): 
Ov. M. 2,132. Or perh. vertex (terrae) 
septentrionalis: cf. Virg. G. 1, 242: also, 
ib. v. 249, where Scythia Rhiphaeaeque 
arces, represents the n.-polar regions 
generalty. 
north-west: Phr.: to lie VW, 
inter septentriones et occasum solis 
spectare, cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 1, fin.: on the 
N.W., ab aestivo occasu, Liv. 38, 20, 
med. The N.W. wind, Caurus or Corus: 
Caes. B. G. 5, 7: Sen. N. Q. 5, 16, 5 (a 
solstitiali occidente Corus venit, i. e. 
about N.W.): Plin. 
northwards: (ad) septentrionem 
versus : V, TOWARDS. 
north-wind: 1. aquilo, onis, m.: 
Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26 (Aquilonibus reli- 
quisque frigoribus durescit humor, i. e. 
the N.-winds, generally: but speaking 
precisely, Aquilo was about N.N.E.: v. 
NORTH-EAST). Q, Boreas, ae, m. (poet.): 
Virg. G. 1, 93: Ov. 3. septentrio, 
Onis, m.: from that day the winds were 
N., ex ea die fuere septentriones venti, 
Ep. in Cic. Att. 9, 6, 4: Liv. (acc. to 
Sen. N. \. 5, 16, 6, the wind septentrio 
was a N.W. wind). 
nose: 1, nasus (the entire organ ; 
nares, the nostrils, infr.): a crooked (mis- 
shapen) n., pravus n., Hor. A. P. 36° a 
turn-up n, 0. aduncus, Ter. Heaut. 5, 
5, 18 (.n expr. often used fig., naso sus- 
pendere adunco, with acc., to turn up 
one's n. at any one or anything, Hor. S. 
1, 6, 5): a flat (snub) n., n. collisus, 
Sen. Ir. 3, 22, 4 (not nasus simus; for 
simus prop.= having a snub-nose, as 
epith. of a person): to have a n. (sense 
of smell), n. habere, Mart. 1, 41, 18. 
2. naris, is, f. (nostril: hence usu. 
pl.): to hold a bouquet to any one’s n., 
fasciculum (alicui) ad nares admovere, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, fin.: a keen n., acutae 
n., Hor. S. 1, 3, 30: Hor. (N.B.—Nares 
is mostly used when the function of 
smell is directly indicated; nasus, to de- 
note the feature of the face.) v. NOSTRIL. 
Phr.: having a large n., nasutus, Hor. S. 
I, 2, 933 also, having a keen n., Phaedr. 
4,7, 1: to lead any one by the n. (lig.), 
aliquem ludificari, lactare; alicui os sub- 
linere, v. FOOL (Phr.). 
nosegay: fascicilns (florum): Cic. 
Tuse. 3, 18, fin. To gather flowers for 
a n., flores legere : v. TO GATHER (II.). 
nosology ; *morborum scientia. 
nostrit: naris, is, f.: dilated n., 
panda n., Ov. M. 3, 675; patulae nares, 
Virg. G. 1, 376. to iv flate the ns and 
pull them about, nares :nflare, digito in- 
quietare, Quint. 11, 3, 80: Cic. 
$02 








2. Aquilo, dnis, m. (strictly ] nostrum: médicamentum (any me- 


dicinal preparation) ; or, medicamentum 
falsum, falso nomine dictum (@ pretended 
medicine): cf. Phaedr. 1, 14, 3. 
not: J. In direct statements or 
interrogative sentences 1, non (most 
gen. word: usual pusition immediately 
before the word to be negatived, or 
when it qualifies an entire proposition, 
at the beginning of it): for the position 
of non, comp. foll. exx.: qui mihi non 
vd videbantur accusare, quod esset accu 
sandum, Cic. Sen. 3, 7. eum colere coep! 
non almodum grandem natu, ib. 4, Io: 
omnia memoria tenebat, non domestica 
solum sed etiam externa bel!a, ib. 4, jin. 
(the words id, admodum, domestica, 
bearing in each case the stress of the 
negation): non sunt in senectute vires, 
ib. 11, wmit.: at non est voluptatum 
tanta quasi titillatio in senibus, ib. 14, 
47 (where the entire propositions are to 
be negatived). (N.B.—In interrogative 
sentences, the particle -né is attached to 
the negative, thus: nonne: which in di- 
rect questions begins the sentence, ac- 
cording to above rule, in indirect ones its 
position being more or less a matter of 
euphony: did not Lentulus come to you ? 
did not Sanga? nonne ad te Lentulus 
venit? non Sanga? Cic. in Pis. 31, 77: 
he was asked whether he did not think 
Archelaus son of Perdiccas happy ? ex eo 
quaesitum (est), Archelaum Perdiccae 
filium nonne beatum putaret? id. Tusc. 
5,12, init. In compound negative ques- 
tions, the -ne is frequently dispensed 
with in the later members, as above.) 
92. haud (more emphatic than non, 
and chiefly joined to adverbs and adjec- 
tives; also used with verbs, especially 
in certain phrr., as haud scio an, haud 
dubito): I don't quite understand, haud 
sane intelligo, Cic. Off 2, 2, 5: I did not 
so order, haud ita jussi, Ter. Andr. 5, 4, 
52: strengthened by -quaquam (not in 
any degree): Cic.; Liv.: it is not at 
all wonderful, haud mirabile est, Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 4, 7: Cic.: thereupon he did 
not hesitate to point out...., tum ille 
haud dubitavit docere...., Cic. Rep. 1, 
15. 8. (to be used sparingly, and 
only in tamiliar style) nullus, in agr. 
with subject: Philotimus not only does 
not come, but..., Ph. non modo nullus 
venit, sed..., Cic. Att. 11, 24, 3: I re- 
member ; even were you not to remind 
me, memini, tametsi nullus moneas, Ter. 
Eun. 2, 1, 1c: don’t you say, nullus 
dixeris, id. Hec. 1, 2, 4. (In this use 
nullus is more emphatic than non: ef. 
L. G. § 612.) 4, parum, minus (less 
than should be ; hence = softened nega- 
tive: L. G. § 646): my efforts are not 
succeeding very well, parum succedit 
quod ago, Ter. Andr. 4, 1, 56: Terentia 
has not been well, Terentia minus belle 
habuit, Cic. Fam. 9, 9. So sometimes 
male (with adjj.): not sownd in mind, 
male sanus, Cic. Att.9, 15. (N.B.—As 
joined with conj. quo [quominus ], minus 
has a purely negative force: v. TO PRE- 
VENT, HINDER.) §, nihil (im no respect, 
not at all: only with verbs). J did not 
(by any means) find fault with you 
about my brother, de patre nihil te ac- 
cusavi, Cic. Fam. 14, 1,6: I don't say 
to whom (= say nothing about who it 
was), n. dico, cui, id. Ph. 1, 6, 13. 6. 
minimé, nullo médo, nullo pacto (by no 
means ; the two former o'ten in answer 
to questions): v. MEANS (by no). Spe- 
cial Phr.: (a). and not: néque, nec 
(ef. L. G. § 564): tt delights in a soil 
that is poor and not danrp, laetatur loco 
macro neque humido, Cul. 2, 11, med.: 
a good knowledge of literature, and that 
not of a common sort, plurimae litterae, 
nec eae vulgares, Cic. Br. 16, 265 (mark 
the use of eae; without which pronoun 
this use of neque with an adj. is scarcely 
elegant): v. Nor. (6). t/ not: sin mi- 
nus, Sin: V.IF (2). (c). not even: né.... 
quidem (tie word emphasized coming 
between the two): not to make even the 
least sacrifice of glory, gloriae jacturam 
ne minimam quidem facere, Cic. Off. 1, 
24, 84 mot even. ..much less.,.., ne 








NOTF 





quidem....nedum ut, Liv. 3, 14, fin. 
(N.B.—Ace. to Forcell. there is no well 
authenticated case of ne qnidem occur- 
ring without a word between, though 
several have been adduced: v. Tursell. 
s. Vv. ne, No. 36.) (da). not that....but 


«++. non quo (quod), with subj..... 
sed....: not that Ilike to be ill spoken 
of, but because...., non quo lilenter 


male audiam, sed...., Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 
305: cf. id. Tusc. 2, 23, fin., pugiles in 
jactandis caestibus ingemiscunt, non 
quod doleant, sed...., not that (or be- 
cause) they are in pain, but because, 
elc.: so non quia....sed: Tac. (e). not 
but what....: non quin (with subj.): 
foll. by sed quod, Sall. Cat. 35, med. (in- 
dicating first @ supposed and then an 
actual reason): foll. by sed ut (sup- 
posed and actual purpose), Liv. 2, 15, ad 
init. (f). that....not (denoting a pur- 
pose): né: v. THAT (conj.). ‘J. In de- 
pendent sentences, esp. to denote a pur- 
pose ; also in prohibitions : 1, né (in 
dep. sentence = im order that... .not) : 
let the Consuls see to it that the common- 
wealth does not receive dumage, videant 
Coss. ne quid detrimenti resp. capiat, 
Caes. B.C. 1, §: Sall.. in the case of ne 
quis, ut is not seldom prefixed: ef. Cic. 
Off. 1, 29, 103, ut ne quid negligenter 
agamus: and occasionally betore other 
words, v. Sinith’s Lat, Dict. ne (II., 5). 
So after verbs of asking, commanding, 
advising, striving (not infin.): v. To 
ASK, etc. 2. in double prohibitions : 
néve (neu)....néve (neu). v. NEITHER. 
Ne is sometimes used with the first verb : 
ef. XII. Tab. in Cic. Leg. 2, 23, init., 
Hominem mortuum in urbe ne sepelito 
neve urito. 3, aiter verbs of fearing, 
ut (= that....not): I fear you will not 
live long, ut sis vitalis metuo, Hor. S. 
2, I, 60: but also ne....non: cf. Cic. 
Att. 5, 18, 1, unum vereor ne Senatus 
....Pompeium nolit dimittere: ib. 9, 6, 
med., metuo ne non impetrem. Phr.: 
not tu say...., ne dicam: cf. Cic. N. D. 
I, 21, fim., in tam leves, ne dicam ineptas 
(not to say, absurd) sententias incidisse : 
nel to mention..., ut omittam..., Nep. 
Han. 2, init.: not to make a long story, 
ne multa (sc. dicam), Cic. Clu. 64, 1805 
also, ne multis, ib. 16, fin. 

notable: ndétabilis, mémorabilis, in- 
signis, insignitus: Vv. REMARKABLE, ME- 
MORABLE. 

notably: insignité, insigniter: v. 
REMARKABLY. 

notary; scriba (any public clerk or 
sertbe): Cic.: Hor. (Notarius = short- 
hand writer.) 

notation: notatio (marking): Cic. 

notch (subs.): incistra (an inci- 
ston): Col. 12, §4, init. So incidére, to 
make a n. or incision: ib. (Accidere, 
to cut partly or nearly through: Caes. 
b. G. 6, 27.) 

notch (¥.): (serratim) incido, scindo, 
3: v. TO cuT; and cf. foll. art. 

notched (part. adj.): serratus: Plin. 
25, 8, 46 (s. folia): Tac. Also serratim 
scissus, Apul. Herb. (s. scissa folia). 

note (subs.): |. A mark: nota: 
Vv. MARK. |], A memorandum: Phr.: 
to take n.s of all proceedings, conficere 
commentarios omnium rerum, Cic. Fam. 
5, 12, extr.: to make n. of, in commen- 
tarios, pugillares referre (v. NOTE-BOOK): 
to take n.s of a book while reading, 
(librum) enotare, Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 15 
=librum adnotare atque excerpere, ib. 
3, 5, 10. II]. Critical or explanatory : 

1, adnotatio: Plin. Ep. 47, 20, 2 

(nunc a te librum meum cum adnota- 
tionibus exspecto). Dimin., adnotatiun- 
cula (a brief or unimportant n.), Gell. 
19, 7, fin. Adnotatio is freq. used as 
collect. subs.: to illustrate an author 
with n.s throughout, librum perpetua 
adnotatione illustrare, Forb. 2, *ndtae, 
arum (not class., but freely used by mo- 
dern Latinists: in pl. only): to ius- 
trate an author by very learned 78, 
scriptorem notis eruditionis accuratue 
plenissimis illustrare,- Ern. in Kr. : 
Burm.: Gierig, etc. (N.B.—Adnotatio 
is, however, preferable.) Dimin. notur 





-— wa lf 
iy, , 


NOTE 


jae, short or unimportant n.s: Wyttenb. 


in Kr. Tv add n.s to an author, (librum) 
adnotare,-Piin. Ep. 7, 20, 1; interpretari 
Gf the ns are explanatory), Oreil. 
(N.B.—Not scholion; which is applied 
specially to the notes of the ancient com- 
mentulors on (rreek authors.) IV. 4 
short letter: cddicilli, orum: Cic. Q. Fr. 
2, 11, tnit.: Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 8 (= lit- 
terae raptim scriptae, Gier. ad 1.): 7e- 
minded by an. (of invitation), per codi- 
cilios admonitus, id. 3, 18,4. Pbr.: J 
write this brief n....., hoc litterularum 
exaravi, Cic. Att. 12, 1, init. See also 
LINE (VL). Y, Musical symbol : *nota 
musica, soni signum (Kr.): to sing or 
play from n., *ex notis musicis canere. 
If the sounds represented by the ns ve 
meant, soni, orum: Quint. II, 3, 42 
(medii soni = the middle ns). YI, The 
natwi al vocul exp) ession (of birds): vox: 
Plin. 10, 19,43: Ov. — VII, Commercial, 
note of hand: chiregraphum (a signed 
bond): Suet. Caes. 17. Juv. 13, 147. 
note (v.): |. To remark, observe : 
nodto, 1: V. TO REMARK, OBSERVE. Il. 
To mark with a stigma: novo, 1: 
Hor.: ¥. TO BRAND, STIGMATIZE. Hl. 
To jot down: 1, éndto, 1 (to take 
notes and make extracts from books) : 
Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 1: ib. 6, 16, to. 
adndto, 1 (esp. to n. down observations 
upon a book) a bool would be read ; 
he would n. down (1 hat struck him), and 
take extracts, \iber legebatur ; adnotabat 
excerpebaique, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 40. Also 
in wider sense, to n. down what, when, 
and to whom one pays, adn. quid et 
quando et cui des, Col. 12, 3, ad init. 
(Noto in this sense lacks authorily.) 
note-book: 1. pugillares, ium (s¢. 
tabulas, codicilli: a@ sort of pocket n. Jor 
jotting down in): pencil and n., stilus et 
p., Plin. Ep. 1,6, 1: ef. ib. 1, 22, 11, libelli 
et pugillares, i.e. libvary and n.: to be 
for ever busy vith one’s n., semper 
pe et] pugillaribus imminere, Sen. 
p. 15, 5: Plin. maj. 2. commenta- 
rius (of a more formal and systematic 
kind; also indicating the contents rather 
than the tablets on which they were 
written: cf. supr.): he left me 160 ns 
full of extracts, electorum commenta- 
rios CLX. mibi reliquit, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 
17: to enter in a n., in commentarios 
Teferre, cf. Suet. Aug. 64. 3. perh. 
adversaria, orum, n. (a kind of day- 
book or journal kept by men of business, 
from which the ledger [codex accepti et 
expensi] vas prepared): Cic. R. Com. 2. 
noted (adj.): j, nobilis, e (in 
good sense): a great and n. rhetorician, 
magnus et n. rhetor, Cic. Inv. 2, 2, fin.: 
Corinth n. for brass, nobilis aere Co- 
rinthus, Ov. M. 6, 416: Hor.: Liv.: v. 
FAMOUS. 2. insignis, e (in good or 
bad sense): a man n. for every kind of 
vileness, homo insignis omnibus turpi- 
tudinis notis, Cic. Rab. perd. 9, 24: 
Hor. 8. insignitus (like preced., but 
not in this sense in Cic.): n. infamy, 
i. flagitium, Tac. A. 4, 51. See also 
CELEBRATED. 
note-worthy: noétandus, nétabilis: 
Vv. REMARKABLE. Join: rara et nota- 
bilis [res], Plin. Ep. 7, 6, inte. 
nothing: |. Non-existence, no- 
being, nonentity: nibilum: to be cre- 
ated out of n., de n. creari, gigni, fieri, 
Lucr. 1, 157, sqq.: to reduce things to n., 
ad n. interimere res, ib. 217: to spring 
rom n.or return to n., ex Nn. oriri aut 
n nibilum occidere, Cie Div. 2, 16, fin. 
(the use of nil in this sense, Luer. 1, 
267, ad nil revocari, is exc ptional, and 
not to be imitated): to value at n. (at- 
tach no value at all to), nibili facere, 
pendere, Pl.: Ter.: v. TO VALUE. b 
Not anything: 1, nihil, contr. nil, 
indecl. n.; with nulla res to supply its 
place where an inflected form is re- 
quired, or after a preposition (concerning 
nihili, nihilo, v. supr.): that n. can be 
created out of n., nil posse creari de 
nibilo, Lucr. 1, 157: n. is better than 
agriculture, nibil (the form always used 
by Cic. in prose) est agricultura melius, 





NOTICE 





Sen. 6: freq. used with ref. to persons : 
n. sv pitiable as the wretched man who 
was once happy. tam miserabile quam 
ex beato miser, Cic. Part. Or. 19, ttt. 
Strengthened by quicquam: n. whatever 
that is excellent, ». quicquam egregium, 
id. de Or. 1, 30,134. Nothing but, n. else 
than, n. nisi, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 425 Nn. 
aliud nisi, Cic. Am. 27, init. ; 0. praeter, 
id. Fam. 4,7. Note also the foll. phr.: 
it is n. to us, n. ad nos, id. in Pis. 28, 
68: n. in comparison with...,M. ad. .«, 
id. de Or. 2, 6, 25: Ihave n. to do with 
you, tecim n. rei nobis est, Ter. Ph. 2, 
3,74. (N.B.—For the use of nulla res, 
as the infl-cted form, cf. Nep. Reg. 2, 
nullius rei [mot nihilij cupidus, nisi im- 
perii, covetous of n. but empire: Cic. 
Br. 59, fin., nulla re una oratorem 
magis commendari..., by nothing what- 
ever, vo single thing. This form may 
also be used for emphasis instead of 
nibil: ef. Lucr. 1, 151, nullam rem e 
nihilo gigni divinitus unquam.) 2), 
(in imperative sentences, or after a verb 
of asking, commanding, striving, etc.), 
né quid, ut ne quid: n. in excess! ne 
quid nimis! Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 34: (we 
must avouse our diligence) so that ve 
may do n. heedlessly, ut ne quid incon- 
siderate agamus, Cic. Off. I, 29, 103: 
strengthened by prorsus: ut prorsus ne 
quid ignorem, may absolutely be w10- 
rant of nothing. (N.B.—In gen. and 
dat., rei nvust be added: I will strive to 
be forgetful of n., *enitar ne cujus rei 
immemor esse videar. Ne cujus=of 
vo person.) Phr.: good for n., nequam 
(Vv. GOOD-FOR-NOTHING ): n. but (=sheer, 
unqualified), mérus: he speaks of n. but 
war, merum bellum loquitur, Cic. Att. 
g, 13, fin. 

nothingness: nihilum: v. NOTHING 


notice (subs.): |. Heed, observa- 
tion: usu. expr. by verb: (i). to take 
n. of anything, animadverto, ti, sum, 
3: alittle before the third watch it vas 
n.d that..., paulo ante tertiam vigiliam 
animadversum est (with acc. and inf.), 
Caes. B. G. 7, 24: Cic. (Vv. TO REMARK, 
OBSERVE): worthy of n., notandus, nota- 
bilis (v. REMARKABLE). See also OBSER- 
VATION. (ii) to attract n., conspicior, 
spectus, 3: his horses and armour at- 
tracted n., equi atque arma conspicie- 
bantur, Liv. 21, 4: to attract especial n., 
maxime conspici, ib. 5, 23, med.: Sall.: 
Hor. (iii). to escupe n.: (1). fallo, fé- 
felli, falsum, 3 (with acc.): so silently 
that they escaped the n. of: the sentinels, 
tanto silentio ut custodes fallerent, Liv. 
5, 47, med.: Hor.: also absol., a spy 
who had escaped n, for two years, specn- 
lator qui biennium fefellerat, ib. 22. 33, 
init. Alsu impers.: non me fallit, it 
does not escape my n.: foll. by acc. and 
inf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 3: Caes. (2). 
fiigio, tigi, fiigitum, 3 (not with pers. 
subject; but with ref. to facts or prin- 
ciples which are not discerned): what 
escaped the n. of Lycurgus, quod fugit 
Lycurgum, Cic. Rep, 2, 12: this advan- 
tage can escape no one’s n., neminem 
haec utilitas f. potest, Quint. 2, 5, 17. 
Impers. non me fugit, tt does not escape 
my n. (or knowledge): Cic. (3). lateo, 2 
(v. HIDDEN, to be): @ crime may escape 
n. among so many enormities, scelus }. 
inter tot flagitia (potest), Cic. R. Am. 
40, 118. Jmpers. non me latet, it does 
not escape my n.: or with non-pers. 
subject, as res Eumenem non latuit, did 
not escape his n., Just. 13, 8, med. (late). 
|| Animadwersion, censure: notatio, 
&nimadversio (the former, esp. of the ant- 
madversion of censors; the latter oft. 
= punishment): cf. Cic. Clu. 46, 128. 
So to take n. of an offence (pinish it), 
animadvertere, ib. II]. Notification : 
1, nuniiatio (in ordinary business 


| affairs): Ulp. Dig: 43, 23, 1 § 12. 5. 


dénuntiatio (tie formal giving of n.; 
esp. in the way of menace or of war): 
will he obey this n.? huic d. ille pareat? 
Cic. Ph. 6, 3, 5: Liv.: v. DFCLARATION. 

3. rénuntiatio: Ulp. Dig. 17, 2, 63, 


Cic. Off. 1, 42, fin. : to don., n. agere, Cic. | extr. (n. of dissolution of partnership). 


NOTORiOUS 


_ 4, proscriptio (pubiic written n.)s 
Cic. Quint. 18, 56. 5, promulgatio 
(of laws proposed): id. Ph. 1, 10, 25. 
6, tittlus (the bill containing a n.): 

he read the n. (of sale), t. legit, Plin. 
Ep. 7, 27,7. Oft. expr. by verb: lo give 
(formal) n. of anvthing. (1). dénunsio, 
I (cf. supr. 111., 2): to give formal n. of 
war, bellum d., Cic, Fain. 12, 24: more 
fully, bellum denuntiare atque indicere, 
ib. Rep. 2, 17: n. was given, denuntia- 
tum est, id. Off. 3, 16, 66: foll. by ut 
and subj.: @ give uny one (authorita- 
tive) n. to quit a place, d. alicui ut ex- 
cedat, Caes. B. C. 2,20. Tb give n. be- 
forehand, praenuntiv, 1: Caes.: Nep. : 
Vv. TO ANNOUNCE. (2.) proscribo, psi, 
ptum, 3 (publicly and in writing): he 
caused an. to be published even ut For- 
miue, etiam Formiis proscribi jussit (foll. 
by acc. and inf.), Cic. Att. 9, 17: oft. 
= to give n. of sale, id. Off. 3, 16, 66. 
(3). promulgo, 1 (the usual term for 
giving due n. of a proposed law): to 
draw up a law and give publi: n. of 
it, legem scribere atque pr., id. Verr. 5, 
6y, 177. 

notice (v.): animadverto, ti, sum, 3: 
Cic.: Caes.: v. TO NOTE, REMARK. Expr. 
I did not n., me fugit, fefellit: v. NoTicE, 
subs. (L,., iii.). 

noticeable; ndtabilis, insignis: v. 
REMARKABLE, 

notification: dénuntiatio, rénunti- 
Atio, etc.: v. Norice (ILI ). 


notify; dénuntio, etc.: v. NOTICE 
(iL). 
notion: 1, ndtio (2 general con- 


ception of anything): nor does any other 
n. underlie this word, nec ulla alia n. 
huic verbo subjecta est, Cic. ‘usc. 5. 10, 
2g: in phil. sense = Gk. é€vvora. V. IDEA 
Gea): 2. notitia (like preced., but 
usu. rather more definite): elementary 
n.s of the greatest things, nb. parvae 
rerum maximarum, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 60: 
also used = GK. €vvora, id. Ac. 2, 10, 30. 
8, anticipatio (only as phil. ¢. ¢. 
=Gk. mpoAnis): Vv. INNATE (idea). 
4. suspicio (a mere faint n.): not 
the faintest n. of gods, nulla s. deorum, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 62. See also mea, I. 
(throughout). (N.B.—Very oft. expr. 
by verb: to have right ns about any- 
thing, *aliquam rem recte intelligere, 
penitus perspectam habere; alicujus rei 
naturam bene animo (cegitatione, mente] 
comprehendere, complecti: to huve wrong 
n.s about anything, de aliqua re prave 
sentire: v. TO UNDERSTAND, COMPRE- 
HEND 3 MISUNDERSTAND. ) 
notoriety: fama (repute, good or 
bad; usu. good), infamia (il/-) epute) : 
Vv. FAME, INFAMY. Phr.: to have a 
bad n., flagrare rumore malo, Hor. S. 1, 
4, 175. 
notorious: |. Wellknovn: 1. 
notus (omnibus): Join: (res) nota et 
manifesta omnibus, Cic. Verr. 3, 58, 134 
(v. infr. 3). 2, vulgatus (generally 
known): Ov. M. 4, 276 (vulgatos pas- 
toris amores). Strengthened, pervulga- 
tus: Cic. 3. illustris, e (clear as 
daylight, undeniable): Join: illustre 
notumque omnibus (factum), Cic. Verr. 
5, 13, 343 [quae sunt) testata et illus- 
tria, id. Fam. 11, 27, med. 4, mani- 
festus: v. MAXIFEST Jt ts n., may be 
expr. by neminem fugit (v. Notice, lL. 
iii.); (omnibus) patet, Cic. Mil 6, 15. 
|]. Having a bad notoriety : 1 
notus: (a woman) not only famous but 
m., non solum nobilis sed etiam n., Cic. 
Coel. 13, 21. (Infreq. in this sense.) 
9, infamis, e (stronger than Eng.): 
n. for every kind of infamy, omni de- 
decore inf., Cic. Clu. 47, 130: Tac.: v. 
INFAMOUS. 3. famosus (in good or 
bad sense; but more freq. bad): (a 
woman) n. as a poisoner, veneficils fa- 
mosa, T'ac. A. 3, 7: Hor. 4, nobilis, 
e (less freq. in this sense): the n. bull 
of Phalaris, ille n. taurus, quem Ph, 
habuisse dicitur, Cic. Verr. 4, 33, fin.: 
a n. harlot, n. scortum, Liv. 39, 9, med 
5. insignis (marked in any way, 
for good or evil): n. for every species 
of vileness, omni genere turpitudinis i 
503 


NOTORIOUSLY 


NOW 





Cic. Rab. perd. 9, inif.: cf. Hor. S. 2, 1, 
46, insignis tota cantabitur urbe; Caes. 
To render n., nobilitare (rare in this 
sense), Ter Eun. 5,7, 20. (N.B.—Notus, 
nobilis, nobilito, and insignis can be 
used in bad sense only when the con- 
text so determines their application: cf. 
ll. ec.) 

notoriously: insignité: Cic. Quint. 
aie su. better expr. by adj. or 
verb: he was n. licentious, *libidinum 
infamia flagrabat; omni libidinum genere 
insignis erat: that is n. false, *quae 
falsa esse omnibus patet, neminem om- 
lium fugit: Vv. NOTORIOUS, NOTORIETY. 

notoriousness;: V. NOTORIETY. 

notwithstanding: J. As adv. 
or conj.: nibildminus; attanien, tamen: 
for syn. Vv. NEVERTHELESS. I]. As 
prep.: 1, expr. by invitus in agr. 
with subs. (abi. absol. constr.): gods 
and men n. (in spite of them), diis 
hominibusque invitis, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 
med.: V. SPITE OF (in). 2. expr. by 
various participles in sim. constr.: 2. 
the auspices, *neglectis auspiciis: 7. the 
beauty of his own wife, *spreta pulchri- 
tudine uxoris suae propriae (Vv. TO DIS- 
REGARD, DESPISE). 3, form a depend. 
sent. with etiamsi, tametsi, quum: v. 
ALTHOUGH, NEVERTHELESS. 

nought: v. NAUGHT. 

noun: nomen, inis, n.: Quint. 1, 4, 
18: "Ss proper and common, n. propria, 
appellativa, Charis. 2, 2, p. 124: Prise. 
2, 5- | 

nourish: 1, niutrio, 1 (strictly, 
as a mother does an infant; also in 
wider sense): whom the she-wolf n.’s, | 
quos n. lupa, Ov. F. 2, 415 (v. To} 
SUCKLE): the earth n.’s plants, terra 
herbas n, id. R. Am. 45. Fig., of men- 
tal nurture, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 25. Comps. 
innutrio, 4 (to n. im something: v. To 
NURTURE); enutrio, 4 (to n. up, rear: | 
rare): Ov. M. 4, 289: Plin. 2. alo, | 
ui, itum and tum, 3 (in wider sense; fo 
furnish with food or aliment of any 
kind; to bring up, rear): to n. horses, 
equos a., Ter. (v. TO KEEP, IV.): Liv. | 
Esp. fig.: honour n.’s the arts, honor a. | 
artes, Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4: these studies n. 
youth, haec studia adolescentiam a., id. | 
Arch. 7,16. See also TO supPoORT. | 

nourisher : 1, altor, f. trix: 
rearer and n. of all things (the uni- 
verse), omnium rerum educator et a., | 
Cic. N. D. 2, 34, imit.: ib, Fl. 26, 62 
(eorum [Atheniensium] terra parens, 
altrix, patria). 2. niutritor (rare): 
Stat. 

nourishing (ad).): 1, valens, ntis | 
(ot food) : Cels. 2, 18, init.: where he de- 
fines the term thus, valentissimum dico 
in quo plurimum alimenti est. As opp. 
to valens, Cels. uses, imbecillus, infirmus | 
(not n., in any considerable degree) : 
for valens, he also uses firmus (to avoid | 
repetition), l. c.: Varr. 2. expr. by 
cibus, alimentum: very n., not at all 
m., Maximi, minimi cibi, Varr. R. R. 2, 
Ir; in quo plurimum, minimum ali- 
menti est, Cels. 1. c. 8. alibilis, e: 
Varr. I. c. 4, nitritdrius (late and 
rare): ‘Theod. Prisc. 

nourishment: |. Act of nour- | 
ashing: expr. by ger. or other part of} 
verb: v. TO NOURISH. I]. That which 
nourishes : 1, alimentum: to need 
bodily n., corporis alimenta desiderare, 
Cic. Tim. 6: esp. to denote the nowrish- 
ing element in food: Cels. 2, 18: v. 
NOURISHING (1). Q, cibus (to be used 
when n. simply = FooD, q. v.): having 
very little n. in it, minimi cibi, Varr. 
7 eso) 3. nitrimentum (rare): Plin. 
feral times in Suet. = rearing, early 
fe.) 

novel “adj.): novus: a n. and un- 
heard of charge, n. crimen et [ante hunc 
diem] inauditum, Cic. Leg. init.: in 
such a n., state of affairs, tam n. rebus, 
id. Fam. 7, 18, extr. See also STRANGE, 
NEW. 

novel (subs.): *historia commenticia: 
v. FICTITIOUS. ¢ 

novelist: *historiarum commeitici- 
arum scriptor. 

504 








novelty : 1, névitas (newness, 
strangeness): to please by mere n., ipsa 
n. delectare, Quint. 9, 2, 66: Cic. 
expr. by novus (esp. when novelty =a 
new thing) : no n., nibil novi, Cic. Rep. 1, 
14, init. (but novae res usu. = political 
change, revolution) : to be charmed only 
by n.s, nulla nisi n. re commoveri, Auct. 
Her. 3, 22, 35: striking n.s, res insignes 
et n., ib. 8, insdlentia (as opp. to 
the idea of being used to anything): n. 
of language, ins. verborum, Cic. de Or. 
3, 13, 50. 

November: mensis Novembris or 
-ber: Col.: Pall. (title of Bk. XI., No- 
vember: but in the text mensis is regu- 
larly expressed). On the st of N., Kal. 
Novembribus, Col. 

novice: 1, tiro, Onis, m. (prop. a 
new soldier : but used fig. for a beginner 
in anything): a n. at the bar, usu 
forensi atque exercitatione t., Cic. Div. 
Verr. 15, 473; t. in foro, Quint. 2, 10, 9. 
Dimin., tirunculus: Juv. 11, 1433 fem., 
tiruncula, Hier. 9. novicius, -tius 
(as subs. usu. = 2 ew slave): Quint. 8, 
2, 8: Juv. 3, 265 (= new-comer). An. 
in @ monastery, (monachus) novitius, 
(monacha) novitia (Kr.). 3. expr. 
by ridis. e (untrained, uncultivated) : 
ef. Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7, rudis et integer 
discipulus; tironem ac rudem esse in 
aliqua re, id. de Or. 1, 50, extr. 

novitiate; *tirdcinium monasticum: 
Bau. (in Kr.). 

now: |, At the present time: 1, 
nunc: pass. 2. jam (denoting em- 
phasis and urgency: now, without fur- 
ther delay) : I want (the money) now !— 
You shall have it now (directly), jam 
opus est—Jam feres, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 26. 
Strengthened by tandem=now at length, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 61. Jam and nunc are 
often combined = even now : I even now 
(in anticipation) fear, jam nunc timeo, 
Civ. Div. Verr. 13, 42. Also jam is 
sometimes repeated for emphasis: cf. 
Cic. Ph. 2, 34, 87, jam jam minime miror, 
i.e, now I no longer wonder: so, Virg. 
Aen, 2, 701, jam jam nulla mora est. 

8. hdié (in the present day) : cf. Cic. 
Rep. 2, 2, jiv., omnes qui tum eos agros, 
ubi hodie est haec urbs, etc.: Tac. So 
in praesenti (less good impraesentiarum), 
at present : Cic.: Nep.: Vv. PRESENT. (In 
praesens = for the present.) JI. As 
correl., now... .now: . moddo.... 
modo: (to say) n. this, n. that, m. hoc, 
m. illud dicere, Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 47: 
step n. quick, n. slow, citus m., m. tardus 
incessus, Sall. Cat. 15. Instead of the 
second modo occurs, interdum, Sall. Jug. 
62; aliquando, Tac. A. 1, 81. 2° 
nunc....nunc....: n. on this side, n. 
on that, n. hac parte, n. illac, Liv. 34, 
13, tmit.: Virg.: Curt. 8. alias in 
connexion with alius, aliter: ”. one way, 
n. another, alias aliter, Cic. Inv. 2, 13, 
45. (For which alio tempore may be 
used.) [I]. As particle of transition: 

1, nunc (indicating the matter that 
comes immediately after): . I will re- 
ply to your letters, n. respondebo ad epis- 
tolas tuas, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2: let us n. 
look at what is more recondite, n. inte- 
riora videamus, id. Div. 2, 60, init.: but 
nunc is rarely so used as to depart en- 
tirely from its proper sense as an adv. 
of time: the foll. is an example of its 
doing so. 7., I should wish you to under- 
stand, n. velim tibi persuadeas..., id. 
Fam. 15, 4, 2. Note also the phr. age 
nunc, come now! in calling attention to 
what follows. (N.B.—Nunc vero is not 
used merely by way of transition: cf. 
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, init., nune vero quae tua 
est ista vita? i.e. at this very time, etc. : 
ib. Verr. 5, 67, nunc vero, quum tibi 
loquar..., i.e. but at the present time : 
et pass. Q, jam (implying not merely 
a transition of thought, but one in which 
what follows is to be emphasised): n. 
you are all pretty well aware of this, 
jam hoc fere scitis omnes, Cic. Clu. 16, 
46: cf. id. Man. 14, 42, gam quantum 
consilio valeat, vos, Quirites, etc.: ib. 


paulo infr., humanitate jam tanta est 


«+. (=now; or, and then): also Clu. 








NUDITY 


13, 36, jam, ut Romae vixerint, now, how 
they lived at Rome, etc. 3, autem 
(esp. in arguments, to indicate the steps 
by which a conclusion is reached: never 
the first word in a sentence)- cf, Cic. 
‘Top. 14, 56, aut hoc, aut illud; hoc 
autem: non igitur illud, tt is either this 
or that: n., it is this ; therefore it is not 
that: also in the turns of a narrative; 
ef. Cic. Clu. 13, 37, Asinius autem brevi 
illo tempore, occiditur, i. e. now, Asinius 
shortly afterwards, etc.: v. MOREOVER, 
BUT. 4, sed (usu. denoting a greater 
transition than autem: freq. in Sall.) 
ef. Sall. Cat. 23, init., sed in his erat 
Sempronia, 7., among these, etc. : also ib. 
41, init.; 43, med. 5, quidem, or, with 
I pers. sing. aud pl., équidem (=it is 
true, no doubt; and indicating a counter 
consideration to follow): 7., for my part, 
Tam of this opinion. .., but..., equidem 
ego sic existimo..., sed..., Sall. Cat. 
51, ad med.: ib. paulo infr., de poena 
possumus equidem dicere...: sed, per 
deos immortales!..., ”., it is true, we 
might say,etc.: V.INDEED. §, stronger 
than quidem, and usu. denoting contrast 
with something before, véro (never first 
in a sentence): ef. Liv. 26, 11, med., id 
vero adeo superbum atque indignum 
visum, 7., this (really) seemed so insu/t- 
ing, etc.: also in exhortation and calling 
attention, age vero! comen.! Cic. Man. 
14. 40. 7, only as enclit., dum (in 
calling attention): Sosia, come n.! I 
want a word with you, Sosia adesdum ! 
paucis te volo, Ter. Andr. 1, I, 2: esp. 
with age: come n.! explain this to me, 
agedum ! hoc mihi expedi, Ter, Kun. 4, 
4,27: Cic. 8, porro: esp. in phr., age 
porro! come n.! (to call attention): Cic. 
Verr. 5,22, init. YQ, tandem: v. PRay. 

now and then: aliquando, nonnnn- 
quam, siibinde (= from time to time): 
V. SOMETIMES, OCCASIONALLY. 

nowadays: Phr.: people n., nunc 
homines, qui nune sunt homines: don’t 
you see the ways of people n.? non tu 
nunc hominum mores vides? PI. Pers. 
3, 1, 57: the full form occurs Cic. Q. Fr. 
I, I, 15, judicia qui nunc sunt hominum, 
the opinions of people n. (in comparison 
with the future). 

no-ways: V. NOWISE. 

nowhere: 1, nusquam. opp. to 
uspiam, Cic. Leg. I, 15, 42° strength- 
ened, n. gentium (n. in the world, n. at 
all), Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 1: m. else, n. alibi, 
Cic! Ac. 2) 325) 103) 2. expr. by 
usquam with a negative: who had n. to 
set his foot, cui nullus esset usquam 
locus consistendi, Cic. Fl. 21, 50- so, 
and...n., nec usquam, Quint. Io, 7, 6. 
(N.B.—This constr. must be used after 
verbs of commanding, advising, etc.: I 
strongly advise you n. to set foot in 
Italy, *magnopere te hortor, ne in Italia 
usquam [not, ut nusquam] consistas: v. 
THAT, conj.) 3, nullo in loco. Tursell.- 
Forcell. (s. vy. nusquam): or without in, 
nullo loco, Kr. (e Cic.): ef. Madv. L. G 
§ 273, b. (N.B.—Nullibi in Vitr 7.1% 
4, belongs to a elause marked as inter- 
polated by Schneider.) 

nowise;: haudquaquam, nentiquam, 
etc.: V. MEANS (by no), More em- 
phatically, *nulla ne minima quidem 
parte (with compar.). 

noxious; nocens, noxius, etc.. v 
InJuRIOUs. N (poisonous) plants, mala 
gramina, Virg. Aen. 2, 471. 

noxiousness: V- !NJURIOUSNESS, 

nozzle: of @ vessel, nasus Juv, 5, 
47: Mart. 

nude; nudus: a n. statue, signum n, 
Plin. Ep. 3, 6,2: V. NAKED. 

nudge (v.): fidico, 1: to n. any one 
in the ribs, (alicui) f. latus, Hor. Ep. 1, 
6, 51. In same sense fodio, 3: Ter. 
Hec. 3, 5, 17. 

nudity: expr. by nidus (nuditas, in 
Quint. 10, 2, 23, is prob. f. 1.) =in @ 
state of n., Juv. 1, 84: V.NAKED. Phr.: 
they live in almost complete n., (max- 
ima) est pars corporis aperta, Caes. B. G. 
4, 1, extr.: to exhibit the person in @ 
state of n., nudare inter cives corpora, 
Enn. in Cic. Tuse. 4, 33, 70. 





NUGATORY 


nugatory: 1, nugatorius (trifling, 
worthless, futile: rare): Join: (res) 
infirms atque nugatoria (ad probandum), 
Cic. Caec. 23,64. 2, usu. better expr. 
by nullus: that argument is altogether 
n.,n. vero id quidem argumentum est, 
id. Tusc. 2, 5, init.: cf. id. Leg. 2, 6, 
init., leges nullas habere, to look upon 
them as good for nothing, nugatory. 
Comp. Hor. S. 2, 3, 6, nil est = the at- 
tempt is futile, n. 3, futilis, frivolus: 
vy. Frivovous (IL). 

nugget: massa, gléba: v. LUMP. 

nuisance: *quod molestum, noxium, 
est; quod alicui nocet, molestiam ex- 
hibet, affert: v. INJURIOUS, TROUBLE- 
SOME; TO INJURE, TROUBLE. Phr.: you 
arean. to me! enecas me! Pl. Truc. 1, 
2, 23: Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 37, etc.: more lit., 
odio (al. odiosus) es! Pl. 1. c. 25: cf. 
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 48, tundendo atque odio, 
by the n. of his dinning importunity: 
what an. it is! quam molestum est! 
Cic. Att. 8, 3, med.: to keep the city free 
from ns, *curare ut cloacae et purgen- 
tur et reficiantur...atque omnia quae ad 
salubritatem civium pertinent: cf. Ulp. 
Dig. 43, 23,1 § 2: a public n. (in sant- 
tary sense), *quod salubritatem civium 
infestare possit. 

null: irritus (v. vom); nullus (v. 
NUGATORY, 2). To: be n. and void, ces- 
sare (of actions, edicts, ew.), Ulp. Dig. 
47, 10, 17 § 1: Paul. ib. 

ullify : infirmo, irritum (quid) facio, 

See also, To 








n 
etc.. v. TO INVALIDATE. 
REPEAL. 

nullity: expr. by nullus: v. Non- 
ENTITY. 

numb (adj.): torpens, ntis (part. of 
torpeo): stnews n. with cold, t. trigore 
nervi, Liv. 21, 58, ad fin.: Suet. (Tor- 
pidus appears not to occur in just this 
sense.) Zo be n., torpére: with incept. 
torpescére (to grow n.): Plin. 11, 37, 89 
(torpescit pars ea corporis). Also, ob- 
torpesco, torpui, 3 (to be struck n.): 
Plin. 9, 42, 67 (of the effect of the 


.) 2 1, torpéfacio, 3 (v. 
Non. 182, 5. 


5,1, exter. t. (Only in p. part. in this 
sense.) Or expr. by torporem afferre, 
etc.: V. NUMBNESS. 

number (subs.): |. In abstract 
sense, the category of n.: nitmérus: all 
their towns, 12 in n., omnia sua oppida, 
numero ad duodecim, Caes. B. G. 1, 5: 
Cic.: to count the n. (of anything), n. 
inire, Caes. B. Gi. 7, 76: to state precisely 
the n. (of the slain), n. subtiliter ex~ 
sequi, Liv. 3, 5, fin. What n., such a 
n., a considerable n., quot, tot, aliquot, 
indecl.: Vv. MANY. |]. A number; as 
an entity: mimérus: the most perfect 
n., n. perfectissimus, Sen. Ep. 58, 28: 
Cic.: the n. five, six, seven, etc., n. quina- 
Trius, senarius, septenarius, etc., Macr. 
S. Scip. 1,6. The n. one, two, three, etc., 
monas, dyas, trias, etc.: Maer. lL c.: v. 
ONE, TWO, etc. (I. In grammar: 
numérus: Varr. L. L. 9, 39, 63: Prise. 
For the plural n., Varr. |. c. uses nu- 
merus multitudinis; but numerus plu- 
ralis is better suited for ord. use. [¥Y. 
A large number : 1, multitiido: re- 
lying on their (superior) n.s, multitu- 
dine freti, Liv. 21, 5, med.: cf. ib. c. 8, 
tnit., abundabat multitudine hominum 
Poenus (he had greatly.the advantage in 
".S): V.MULTITUDE. Q, expr. by mul- 
ti, plirimi, ete.: v. MANY. 3, copia 
ait n., abundance): so large a n. 
such sture) of brave and upright men, 
virorum fortium atque innocentium c. 
tanta, Cic. Man. ro, init.: there were a 
great n. of banditti in that district (who 
might be enlisted), (latronum) in ea re- 
gione magna ce, erat, Sall. Cat. 28, extr. 
Seealso Host (If.). 4, fréquens (with 
a collect. subs.), fréquentes, fréquentia 
(of people assembled together) : the Senate 
assembled in large n.s, frequens Senatus 
convenit, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, med.: they 
assemble in very larye n.s, frequentis- 
aimi conveniunt, Caes. B.G. 4, 11: Liv.: 





2. obstiipéfiicio, | 





NUMISMATICS 


NURSE 





a very large n. of people, summa bomi- 
num frequentia, Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189. 
So, a small n., pauci, rari, paucitas: v. 
FEW. VY. Poetical: nimérus, usu. 
pl.: Cie.: Hor.: v. RHYTHM, METRE. 
number (-): 1, nimérum Ineo, 
4, irr. (in precise sense): Caes. B. G. 7, 
46. Q, niméro,1: ton. many friends, 
multos n. amicos, Ov. Ir. 1, 9, 5: (vete- 
rans) n.ing thirty campaigns, tricena 
stipendia numerantes, T'ac. A. 1, 35. 
Phr.: to be n.’d among the justly slain, 
numerum obtinere jure caesorum, Cic. 
Off. 2, 12, 43; among the gods, in deorum 
numerum referre, Suet. Claud. 45. That 
may be easily n.’d, numerabilis, Hor. 
A. P. 206 (populus numerabilis, utpote 
parvus). See also, TO COUNT, RECKON. 
numbering (subs.): expr. by verb: 
on account of the n. of the people by 
David, ob numeratum a Davide popu- 
lum, Vulg. II. Sam. xxiv. lem. (or, ob 
numerum populi a D. initum): v. To 
NuMBER. Also Caes. has census with 
ref. to a@ mere enumeration of people : 
B. G. 1, 29. (Not numeratio.) 
numbering (part.adj.): 1, nu- 
mero ad..., Caes. B. G. 1, 5: also the 
number may be in gen. (L. G. § 274): 
a fleet n. 1000 ships, classis mille numero 
navium, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18, 48. Q. ad 
(amounting to): we were a full house, 
n. in all about 200, frequentes fuimus ; 
omnino ad ducentos, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 
ad init. 
numberless;: inniimérus (esp. poet.): 
innumérabilis: v. INNUMERABLE. 
numbers: title of book of O. T.: 
(liber) Niméri, orum: Vulg. 
numbing (part. adj.): a n. sensa- 
tion, torpor: Vv. NUMBNESS. 
numbness: torpor: Cels. 2, 8, med. 
(in Cic. N. D. 2, 50, extr. = numbing 
power, belonging to the torpedo): to 
cause n. (stupefy), t. afferre (corpori), 
Plin. 20, 21, 84 § 223; t. obducere, id. 
22, 25, 713; artus torpore hebetare, Val. 
Max. 3, 8, ext. 6. Seized with (ren- 
dered senseless by) n., obstnpefactus, 
torpens : v. NUMB (adj.). 
numeral: niimérale (nomen): Prise. 
2, 6, p. 77 (Krehl). See also NUMERICAL. 
numeration: niimératio (quam 
arithmetici dicunt). 
numerator: *numerator (numerus). 
numerical: expr. by nttmérus, mul- 
titido: n. characters, *numerorum no- 


| tae, signa (Kr.): to have an. superiority, 


numero superare, Liv. 9, 32, med.; mul- 
titudine abundare (implying very large 
numbers), ib. 21, 8, init. 
numerically; niiméro (abl. of man- 
ner): v. preced. art.; and NUMBER (I.). 
numerous: 1, multi, plirimi, 
ge, a: V. MANY. 9. créber, bra, brum 
(with the additional notion of closeness) : 
very n. buildings, creberrima aedificia, 
Caes. B. G. 5,12: n. stones (enough to 
make a shower) fell from heaven, c. 
lapides cecidere coelo, Liv.: v. FREQUENT, 
CROWDED. 8, fréquens, ntis (of a con- 
siderable number of people together ; not 
however, crowded, as creber implies): @ 
large and more n. deputation, major 
frequentiorque legatio, Liv. 5, 5, med. : 
Cic.: v. NUMBER (IV. 4). (N.B.—Fre- 
quens is mostly used of the attendance 
of respectable or desirable persons; not 
in bad sense.) 4, expr. by multitudo: 
Vv. MULTITUDE. 5, numérosus (late ; 
and in this sense not to be imitated): 
Tac.: Juv. See also foll. art. Phr.: 
hefore a n. audience, in (magna) cele- 
britate audientium, Quint. 1, 2, 29. 
numerously: Phr.: a n. attended 
meeting of the Senate, Senatus frequens, 
frequentissimus, Cic. Ph. 2, 38, 99: a 
n. attended banquet, celebre convivium, 
Tac. A. 14, 48: Cic. (Frequenter in 
this sense is rare, but occurs Cic. Att. 
I, 19, med., huic frequenter interceditur, 
i.e. he meets with numerous opponents.) 
numerousness: multitido : v.Num- 
BER (IV.). 
numismatics: *doctrina numisma- 
tum, Eckh.: *numismatum cognitio, 
Wyttenb. (Kr.); *res (ratio) numis- 
matica. 


_numismatologist: *rei numisma 
ticae peritus. 

nun: 1, monacha: Hier. z 
monastria (common designation in later 
Latin): to molest n.s or females leading 
an ascetic life, monastrias vel ascetrias 
inquietare, Authent. Coll. 6, 7 (Novell 
79): ib. 9, 15, 43 (Novell. 123): where 
the term ascetria again occurs (si quis 
corruperit ascetriam aut diaconissam aut 
monastriam, etc.). 3, uonna (a late 
word, applied, as also masc. nonnus, to 
persons of pious life): Hier.: v. Forcell. 
s.v. (The term nonna was also applied 
to foster-mothers: Inscr. in Forcell.) 
Phr.: to become an., vitam monasticana 
eligere, et intrare monasterium, Just, 
Novell. 

nuncio: nuntius, légatus: 7. envoy. 

nunnery: monastériam: Just. No- 
vell. pass. (the context determining 
whether the monastery is one for the 
male or the female sex); *coenoblum 
monacharnm (Kr.) 

nuptial (adj.): I. nuptialis, e: 
Cic.: Cat. 2, jiigalis, e (poet.): then. 
tie, j. vinclum, Virg. Aen. 4, 16: n. gifts, 
j. dona, Ov. M. 3, 309 3. génialis, e- 
in pbr. n. bed, g. lectus, Cic. Clu. 5, 14: 
Hor.; g. torus, Virg. Aen. 6, 603. Spe- 
cial terms: n. feast, nuptiae, arum (v. 
foll. art.): n. ode or song, hymen, Ov. 
Her. 12, 137; Hymenaeus, Ter. Ad. 5, 
4,7: Lucr.: also, epithalamium, Cat. : 
n.-chamber or bed, thalamus: Prop. 2, 
15 (7), 14: Virg. 

nuptials: 1, nuptiae, arum: to 
sup with any one on the occasion of his 
m., cum aliquo in ejus n. coenare, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 2, 3, fin.: the word specially 
refers to feasting at a wedding: to pre- 
pare the n. (nuptial feast), n. apparare, 
| Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 20; n. exornare, PL Aul. 








: 10, 58. See also MARRIAGE. a: 
yménaeus (meton.: being prop. the 
name of the god of marriages: oft. 


plural): to seek forbidden n., inconces- 
sos Hymenaeos petere, Virg. Aen. 1, 
651: inauspicious n., infausti H1., Stat. 
Th. 3, 283. 8, thalamus (meton. : 
! lit. bridal bed or chamter) : to break off 
n. that have been arranged for, thala- 
| mos deserere pactos, Virg. Aen. 10, 649. 
‘ By sim. figure, is also used fax, facis, f. 
| (nuptial torch): cf. Ov. M. 7, 49, te face 
sollenni junget sibi. 

nurse (subs.): |, A woman having 
the care and nurture of children : i: 
| natrix, icis (one that gives suck; a ivet- 
nurse): to employ n.s (to suckle) an in- 
fant, puero nutrices adbibere, Gell. 12, 
1: Cic.: she-goat, n. ef Jove, capra, n. 
Jovis, Ov. F. 5, 127: Virg. (From 
Quint. 1, I, 4, it appears that the nutrix 
jhad the care of children in infancy 
generally, as with us.) Dimin., nutri- 
cula (without diff. of meaning): Suet. 
Aug. 94, med.: Hor.: ns’ tales, fabulae 
nutricularum, Quint.1,9,2- 2. (7) assa 
(dry-nurse; a woman who simply takes 
charge of children, without giving them 
suck): Juv. 14, 208 (vetulae assae, su- 
perannuated 7.8). 3. vitricia (in 
wider sense, a@ woman who nurtures 
and rears): Hier. Ep. 108: cf. FOSTER- 
FATHER. 4, altrix, icis (one who 
rears): V.NURTURER. Phr.: n.’s wages, 
nutricia, orum: Ulp. Dig. §0, 13. 14: 
as long as children require a n., quoad 
infantes uberibus aluntur, Dig. lc. [f. 
Fig.: she that cherishes, fosters, in any 
way: 1, altrix: v. NURTURER. > 
nutrix: Juba’s land, parched n. of lions, 
Jubae tellus arida n. leonum, Hor. Od. 
1, 22,15. Ill. One who attends to a 
sick person: expr. by assideo, 2: cf. 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 82, babes qui assideat, fo- 
menta paret: v. TO NURSE (IV.). 

nurse (v.): |, Tesuckle: nitrio,4: I 
have no doubt she will n. her own infant, 
nihil dubito quin filium lacte suo nutri- 
tura sit, Gell. 12, 1, intt. Phr.: not to 
n. her own infant, puero nutricem adhi- 
bere, ib. : to be still n.d (not yet wea: 
uberibus ali, Ulp. Dig. 50, 13, 14. lL. 
To carry in the arms: 1. gesto, t- 
cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 24, quem ego puerum 
tantillum in manibus gestavi meis, i. e 

595 





NURSERY 


0, OH 





nd or dandled him in the arms: cf. 
Lact. 3, 22, exfr., infantium gestationes, 
the nursing of babies. 2, foveo, fovi, 
tum, 2 (with tender care and affection) : 
ef. Aen. 1, 718, gremio f.: v. TO FONDLE. 
Il]. Zo rear: alo, nitrio: v. To 
NOURISH, NURTURE. IV. Zo attend to 
the wants of an invalid: 1. assideo, 
sédi, sessum, 2 (with dat.): requiring 
to be supplemented by other and more 
definite exprr.: cf. Tac. Agr. 45, assidere 
valetudini, fovere deficientem: Hor. S. 
I, 1, 82, assidere, fomenta parare: also 
Ov. Her. ty (20), 133, me miserum, quod 
non medicorum gussa ministro, effingo- 
que manus, insideoyque toro, 9. ni- 
trio, 4: the care of ning, cura wutri- 
endorum corporum, Liv. 4, 52 (but this 
is a rare use; the word strictly referring 
to the supply of nutriment : cf. Cels. 3, 
23, aegrum n. per eos cibos..., etc.). 
8, perh. foveo: v. supr. (1.). 

nursery: |. For children: (?) par- 
vulorum diaeta (the room) : Kr. (ex Ict.). 
Phr.: physical education begins in the 
n., corporum educatio a lacte cunisque 
initium ducit, Quint. 1, 1, 21: there ave 
studies proper to the n., sunt sua etiam 
infantiae studia. cf. Quint. l. c.: n. tales, 
nutricum fabulae, cf. Quint. 1, 9, 2: to 
allow children to spend three years in the 
n., nutricibus triennium dare, ib. § 16: to 
get beyond the n., and learn in earnest, 
exire de gremio et discere serio, ib. I, 2, 
tnit.: eve he was well out of the n., 
*quum vix e cura nutricis exisset; ad- 


hue infans. ||. For plants : is 
plantarium : Plin. 13, 4, 8. 2. semi- | 
narium: Col. 5, 6, inié.: Plin. Fig.: 


the n. of the state (the family), s. rei- 
publicae, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: Liv. Ill. 
Fig.: a rearing place: 1, seminar- 
ium: a n. (hot-bed) of crime, s. scelerum 
(sc. Bacchanalia, Liv. 39, epit.: Cic.: v. 
supr., Il.). 2, altrix (terra): v. NUR- 
TURER. 
nursery-garden: v. xursrry (I1.). 
_nursery-gardener: perh. *planta- 
Trius. 
nursing (swbs).: J. Lit.: sup- 
plying infants from the breast : nitri- 
catio: Gell. 12, 1, wmtt. Or expr. by 
verb: v. TO NURSE (I.). Il. Careful 
attention to the sick: nitricium (rare): 
through her affectionate, motherly n. I 
recovered from a long illness, illius pio 
maternoque n. per longum tempus aeger 
convalui, Sen. Cons. Helv. 17, 1. Or 
expr. by circuml. : nothing is more essen- 
tial than good n., *nihil aegris magis 
necessarium, quam ut assideat aliquis et 
sedulo omnia pracbeat quae opus sint; 
omnia quae ad valetudinem fovendam 
pertinent assidue praebeat, 
nursing-mother: nitricia: Hier.: 
V. NURSE. 
nursling : 1, alumnus: what 
prayer should the nurse raise for her 
sweet n., quid voveat dulci nutricula 
alumno, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 8: of the young 
of cattle, id. Od. 3, 18, 3: Quint. See 
also PUPIL. QQ. a young plant, planta: 
to transplant n.s, plantas transferre ex 
seminario, Plin. 17, 11, 14. Also in pl., 
plantaria, ium: ib. 21, 10, 34. 
nurture (subs.) : 1, édiicatio 
(bringing up of children): Join: edu- 
catio et disciplina, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 29: 
Vv. EDUCATION. 2. expr. by éditico, 
%lo, nutrio v. TO NURTURE, EDUCATE, 
xuRSE. (Nutricatio is suckling: v. 
NURSING, |.) 
nurture (v.): 1, édiico, 1: nd 
tn her (very) bosom and affectionate 
care, in hujus sinu indulgentiaque edu- 
catus, Tac. Agr, 4. Cic.: v. TO EDUCATE 
2, uitrio, 4° natural povers n.d 
under a favoured roof, indoles nutrita 
feastis sub penetralibus, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 
25: V. TO NOUKISH. 
nurturer: 1, nitricius: the shep- 
herd who vas the n. of Romulus and 
Remus, pastor.. nutricius qui Romulum 
et Remum educavit, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 
ad med.: Vv. FOSTER-FATHER. 2, niu- 
tritor; Suet. Gr.7. 3, altor, f. -trix: 
he remembered his grandfather Phra- 
ates and . Caesay, Phraatis avi et altoris 
50 


— 











OATH 





Caesaris meminisse, Tac. A. 6, 34, fin. 
Join educator et altor, Cic. N. 1). 2, 
34, init. Fig.: the land that had been 
the n. of Ulysses, terra a. Ulixis, Virg. 
Aen. 3,273. 4, ediicator (which may 
include intellectual nurture: rare) : Cic. 
Pl. 33, 81 (Quint. 

nurturing (subs.): v. NURTURE. 

nut: nux niicis, /. (generic term for 
both the tree and its fruit): to fling 
n.s about (as vas done at weddings), 0. 
spargere, Virg. K. 8, 30: a n. without a 
kernel (something of no value), 0. cassa, 
Hor. S. 2, 5, 36. Nux is also used for 
the almond tree, Virg. G. 1, 1873 and 
nux juglans is (he wa/nut, Plin. 15, 22, 
24. Dimin., nicila, Plin. lc. Phr.: 
a n. to crack, nodus (strictly, a knot to 


be untied), cf. Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 11, ; 


init., incideramus in difficilem nodum 
(a hard n. to crack): ef. Hor. A. P. 191. 
Also quaestio nodosa, Macr. S. 7, 1, ad 


jin. Comp. also Hor. S. 2, 1, 77, invidia, | 


fragili quaerens illidere dentem, offendet 
solido, i. e. will find me a very hard nut 
to crack. 

nut-brown: perh. spadix, icis: Virg. 
G. 3, 82: Gell. 

nut-crackers; nicifrangibila, orum 
(comicé): Pl. Bac. 4, 1, 26 (= dentes). 

nut-gall: galla: Plin. 16, 6, g : Col. 

nut-hatch: *sitta Europaea Linn. 

nut-hook: *baculum uncum, s. un- 
catum ad ramos nucum deprimendos. 

nutmeg: *myristica moschata (the 
plant): Cycl. The seed, *nux moschata 
(Kr.). 

nutriment: Alimentum, nitrimen- 
tum, etc.: V. NOURISHMENT. 

nutrition: V. NOURISHMENT. 

nutritious: Valens, alibilis, ete.: v. 
NOURISHING (adj.). 

nutritiousness: expr. by adj.: v. 
NOURISHING, 

nutritive: v. NUTRITIOUS. 

nutshell: piitamen, inis. . (shell, 
hush, etc.) : Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58: Plin. 15, 
22,24. As fig. expr. for what is worthless, 
cassa nux: Hor. 8. 2,5, 36. Phr.: the 
matter lies in a n., *paucissimis verbis 
comprehendi res potest; nihil facilius 
concludi potest. 

nutting (svbs.); expr. by niices légo, 
3: V. TO GATHER (A.,, 2). 

nut-tree: nux: Plin. 16, 25, 41. 

nymph: nympha: Virg.: Ov. A 
water n., N@ias, adis, Virg. E. 6, 21: 
Ov.: also, Nais, idis and idos, Virg. E. 
Io, 10 (also sometimes simp! y=nympha:; 
cf. Ov. M. 1, 690, inter Hamadryadas 
celeberrima Naias): a@ wood n., |'ryas, 
Adis, Virg. G. 1, 11: Ov.: or, Hama- 
dryas, adis, Virg. E. 10, 62: Ov.: a 
movntain n., Oréas, Adis, Virg. Aen. 1, 
500. For nymph =girl, use puella: v. 
GIRL, MAIDEN. 


0. 


OH: 1, 0: (i). used in address- 

9 ing a deity or (less freq.) any other 
rson (with voc.): U Romulus, 
Romulus divine! O Romule, Romule 
die! Enn.: O thow light of Dardan 
land! O lux Dardaniae! Virg. Aen. 2, 
281: O my (dear) Furnius ! O mi Furni! 
Cic. Fam. ro, 26. (ii). in exclamations 
(usu. with acc.): oh, fine guardian of 
the sheep! O praeclarum ovium cus- 
todem ! Cic. Ph. 3, 11, 27: oh, wretched 
me! O me perditum! id. Fam. 14, 4. 
Less freq. with nom.: oh, what a figure | 
O qualis facies! Juv. 10, 157: Ter. 
(iii). in wishes, with si, utinam: = oh 
if ...! oh that... ! oh, if Jove would 
recal my past years! O mihi praeteritos 
referat si Jupiter annos! Virg. Aen. 8, 
560: Ov. M. 1, 363 (O utinam pos- 
SIMS es 2, oh (not to be con- 
founded with preced.: it denotes sur- 
prise, joy, grief, acc. to the intonation: 
only in the comic writers): oh! you 
are unfair...., oh! iniquus es, Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 3, 8: repeated, as a lament, 
oh, oh, oh! Pl. Capt. 2,1, 6. 3, obe 











(ho! hotla!): oh. that’s enough ! ohe} 
jam satis est! Hor. S. 1, 5, 12. 4, 
proh, pro (denoting wonder or lamenta- 
tion: with voc. to denote an appeal; 
otherwise with acc.): O ye immortal 
gods! pro dii immortales! Cic. Man. 12, 
33. O Jupiter! the folly of the man! 
pro Jupiter! hominis stultitiam, ‘Ter. 
Ad. 3, 3, 12. 5, expr. by voc. alone 
to denote address ; by acc. alone to de- 
note surprise, indignation, etc.: O thou 
fostering Sun! alme Sol! Hor. Car. 
Saec. 9° Virg.: O admirable witnesses, 
testes egregios ! Cic. Coel. 26,63: & once 
happy Roman generals: beatos quon- 
dum duces Romanos! Tac. A. 11, 20. 

oak: 1. quercus, ts, f. (generic 
term): Cic.: Virg.: Ov.: pass. a: 
aesciilus (the tallest species; winter or 
Italian oak, with edible acorns) : Virg. G. 
2, 2g0. 3. ilex, icis, 7. (af two kinds, 
prob. kermes and holm oak): Virg.: 
Flin.: v. Smith’s Lat. Diet. s. v. 4. 
rcbur, 6ris, 2. (usu. denoting the timber 
of the oak; but also, a particular, hard- 
wooded species, and poet. = quercus): 
ships built of o. throughout, naves totae 
factae ex r., Caes. B. G. 3, 13: Cic.: 
Virg. : concerning the different species of 
o., Vv. Plin. 16, 6, 8, sqqg.: Ov. §, cer- 
tus: Plin. 1. c.: Col. (Quercus cerrus, 
the Turkey oak, Linn.). 

oak, of; oaken: 1, quernus 
(chiefly poet.): a garland of oak, querna 
corona, Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 36: oaken planics, 
axes q., Vitr. 7, I, 2: also,. querneus, 
Cato: Col.: and querceus, Tac. A. 2, 
83 (querceae coronae). 2. aesctileus 
(poet.): oaken garland, aes. frons, Ov. M, 
T, 449: also aesculinus: Vitr. 7, 1, 2 
(where planks of this kind of dak, axes 
aesculini, are distinguished from axes 
querni). 3. ilignus, -eus: oaken legs 
(of couches), iligni pedes, ‘ler. Ad. 4, 2, 
46: oak-mast, iligna glans, Plin. 16, 6, 
8: Virg.: tenons of holm-oak, subscudes 
iligneae, Cato R. R. 18, fin.: Col. Also, 
iliceus (poet.): Stat. 4, roboreus: 
planks of solid oak, r. axes, Col. 6, 19: 
Ov. 5, cerreus: Plin.: Col. (N.B— 
For distinction of above, v. preced. 
art.) 

oak-apple: (?) galla: Plin. 16, 7, to. 

—— forest: 1, quercétum: Hor. 
Od. 259,77] Varn. 9, aesciilétum: 
Hor. Od. 1, 22, 14. 8. ilicétum: 
Mart. 12, 18, 20. (For distinction, v. 
OAK.) 

—— mast: glans querna, iligna, etc. : 
v. ACORN. 

—— tree: V. OAK. 

oakum: stuppa or sttipa (tow: 
q. v.): Caes.: Plin. 

oar: 1, rémus: to pull the o., 
remos ducere, Ov. M. 1, 294: to ply the 
o. vigorously, remis [validis ] incumbere, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 294: with sail and o. 
(i. e. by every possible means), velis re- 
misque, Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, fin. See also 
TO ROW. 2. tonsa (poet.): the os 
move heavily in the motionless sea, in 
lento luctantur marmore t., Virg. Aen. 
6,27: Lucr. 3, palma (the flat blade 
of the oar): skimming the waters with 
0.8, verrentes aequora palmis, Cat. 64, 7: 
Vitr. 10, 3,6 (in strict sense). Dimin., 
palmula (= palma), Virg. Aen. 5, 163. 

oaring (subs.): rémigium: ef. Virg. 
Aen. 1, 301, remigio alarum. 

oat: avéna: a crop of o.s, avenae 
seges, Virg. G. 1, 77: Col. 2, 11, init. 
Wild o.s, steriles a. Virg. G. I, 154 
(*a. fatua, Linn.). Adj., avenaceus (of 
0.. oat-): 0.-meal, farina avenacea, Plin. 
22, 25, 67° o.-cake, *panis avenaceus, 
Phr.: to have sown one’s wild o.s, perh. 
tanquam voluptatum stipendia emer- 
uisse, cf. Cic. Sen. 14, 49; or, *volupta- 
tibus defunctum esse (to have done with 
sensual pleasures): cf. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. defungor. (Voluptates fre 
nasse ac domuisse, given by R. and A 
from Liv. 30, 14, med., does not imply 
any previous period of dissipation.) 

oaten: Avénaceus: Plin. An o.-pipe 
avena: Virg. E. 1, 2. 

oath: 1. jusjorandum, jirisjurandt 
n. (gen. term) to cause any one to take 





OATH-BREAKING 





OBITUOARY 





am o., aliquem jusj. adigere, Caes. B. G.| to their o., in officio coutinere, Caes. 


a 67: Liv.: also. ad j. adigere, Sull. 
t. 22: and, jurejurando aliquem adi- 
gere (to bind by o.: toll. by acc. and 
wnf.), Liv. 10, 38, med.; also, jurej. ob- 
6tringere, Caes. B.G. 1, 31: to take an o., 
j. accipere, Caes. B. C. 4, 28: to swear 
a most true o., verissimum j. jurare, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 2, med.: to tender an o. to any 
one (in court), j. deferre alicui, Quint. 
5, 6.3: to offer Lo tale o., §. offerre, ib. 
§ 1 (see the whole chap.): to be under 
an engagement by o., jurej. teneri, Cic. 
Off. 3. 27, 100: to keep one’s o., J. con- 
bervare, ib.; jurej. stare, Quint. 1. c. 
. verba, orum (the formulary of 

oath ; esp. with ref. 40 some person to 
whom fealty is sworn): usu. in con 
nexion with jurare: wrless he took the 
9. dictated by himself, nisi in quae Ipse 
concepisset verba juraret. Liv. 7, 5, 
med.: so paulo injr., adjurat in quae 
adactus est verba: he caused the soldiers 
to take the o. to Vespusiun, in verba 
Vespasiani milites adegit, Suet. Vesp 
‘ac.: more tully, in alicujus verba 
jusjurandum adigere (with acc. of per- 
son), Caes. B. C. 2, 18. 3. sacra- 
mentum (military; taken by soldiers 
on enlistiny): to cause soldiers to take 
the 0. to any one, sacramento (milites) 


B. G. 3, 11- v. DUTY. 
obedient: 1. Sbédiens (usu. with 
dat): a most o. soldier, imperiis obe- 


dientissimus miles, Liv. 7, 13, iit.: | 


Cic.: also with ad and ac. (ad nova 
consilia ob., in somewhat diff. sense). 
Y, dicto audiens (absul. or with 
dat. of person): not to be o. about any- 
thing, in aliqua re dicte a. non esse, Cic. 
Deiot. 8, 23. the bailiff (must) be o. to 
his master, villicus domino dicto a. sit, 
Cato K. R. 142. 3, obséquens, ntis 
(comp! ying, falling in with): Iam not 
so 0. to my father (as I ought to be), 
sum meo patri minus obs.. Ter. Heaut. 
2p tito. Sen. 4. more freq. expr. by 
pareo, dbédio, obtempéro (to be 0): to be 
0. to the magistrates, obtemperare atque 
obedire magistratibus, \ic. Leg 3,2, fin.: 
v TooBeEY. (Parentiores in Cic. Off. 1, 

22, 76, is doubtful: al. paratiores.) 
obediently: Sbédienter: Liv. (al- 
ways with verbs implying command, as 
umperata ob, facere, id. 21, 34; tributum 
conferre ob., id. §. 12, «x#/r. = readily, 
cheerfully). To behave o., *alicui audi- 
entem atque obedientem esse: v. OBE- 

DIENT. 

obeisance: to make o., adoro, 1: he 
0. to the crown, coronam adoravit, 


adigere, Liv. 4, 5: ‘lac. (with gen. of | Suet. Ner. 12, med.: to stretch out the 


authority to whom, legiones sacramento 
Othonis ad.): also, sacramento aliqnem 


obligare (a less formal expr.), Cic. Off.; H. 1, 36: Vulg. Gen. xlii. 7: 


hands, and make o. to the multitude, 
protendere manus, adorare vulgum, Tac. 
see also, 


1, 11, 36. he compels them to take the .| TO Bow (fin). 


to himself, (milites) apud se s. dic#re 
jubet, Cues. B. C. 1, 23: to prove fulse 
to the military o., s. mutare, Suet. CL. 
13. In fig. sense: Hor. Od. 2, 17, 10. 
4. expr. by jiiro, adju-o, avi and 

atus sum, 1 (to take an v.): he takes 
this o., in haec verba jurat, Caes. B. C. 
1,76 to take the o. of allegiance to any 
one, in nomen alicujus jurare, Suet. Cl. 
10; in aliquem jurare, Tac. H. 1, 76: 
ef. supr. (2): v. To SWEAR. 

oath-breaking (adj.): perjiirus: v. 
PERJURED. 

Oatmeal]: farina avenacea: v. OAT. 

Oate: avéna: v. oat. 

obduce: obdico, 3: Cic.: Plin. 

obduracy: obstinaiio (animi): v. 
OBSTINACY. 

obdurate: 1, obstinatus (veso- 
lutely fixed ; in good sense or bad): o 
against feminine entreaties, obs. ad- 
versus muliebres preces, Liv. 2, 40: 
Cic.: v. OBSTINATE, RESOLUTE. Yh. 
dirus (unfeeling, inflexible: only in 

sense}: of so inhuman and o. a 

temper, tam animo agresti ac d., Cic. 
Arch. 8, init.: what huve we, an o. age, 
shrunk from? quid nos, d. refugimus 
aetas? Hor. Od. 1, 35, 34. 8, ferreus 
(like durus, but stronger): cf. Cic. Att. 
13, 30, O te ferreum, qui illius periculis 
non moveris! -your 0. (brazen) face, os 
tuum ferreum, id. in Pis. 26. 63. 4. 
Praefractus (carrying strictness to ex- 
fess): V. STERN. 5, inexorabilis: v 
INEXORABLE. 

obdurately ;: obstinate, pertinaciter : 
V. OBSTINATELY. (Or expr. by adj.: so 
@., *tam duro ac ferreo animo, etc.: v. 
preced. art.) 

obedience: 1, dbédientia (most 
gen. term): slarery is the 0. of a mean 
tet servitus est ob. animi fracti et 
abjecti, Cic. Par. 5, 1, 35: to refuse o., 
ob. abjicere, id. Off. 1, 29, 102: Plin, 


who uses it of the ob of bees to their| v. TO “"RARKEN, LISTEN. 


queen, of elyphants to their masters, etc.). 
2. obtempératio (rutional ob., ac- 
cording tw principle: rare): Cic. Leg. 
1, 15, 42 (st justitia est obtemperatio 
scriptis legibus). 8, expr. by pareo, 
bbedio: fo render o. to any one, alicui 
parere, obedire by 0 and command, et 
parendo et imperando: a zvavous 0. was 
rendered to the diitator by both partivs, 
utrimque enixe dictatori obeditum est, 
Liv. 4. 26, eztr.: v. TO Opry. 4, 
obséquium (a low sand of obedience ; 
compliance, complatsance) : later = obe- 
dientia: they svear o. (loyalty) to his 
Sea eans, in tutorum obsequia jurant, 
Ust.13,2,exfr, Phr.. co keep (people) 


Obelisk: Sbéliscus: Plin. 36, 8, 14. 

Obelize: Sbélum appono (with dat.) : 
cf. Aus. Sap. pref. 135; *obelo notare : 
Vv. TO MARK. 

obelus: Sbélus: Aus.: Hier. 

obese: Sbésus: Cels.: Virg.: v. FAT, 
CORPULENT. 

obesity: Sbésitas: Suet. Claud. 41: 
also, ob. ventris, id. Dom. 18 See also, 
CORPULENCE. 

obey: 1. pareo, 2 (with dat.. 
most gen. term): to o. the laws, legibus 
p., Cic.: to 0. command, imperio p., Caes. 
Join: parere et obedire (praecepto), 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36; obedire et p., id. 
N. D. 1, 8, 193; (alicui) p. et dicto audi- 
entem esse, id. Ph. 7, 1,2. 2, Sbédio, 
4 (with dat.: to obey any given com- 
mand; as a slave or a child: not, as 
pareo, in widest sense of submission and 
deference to authority): to 0. any one’s 
command literally, ad verba alicni ob., 
Cic. Caec. 18, 52: cf. id. Man. 16, 48, 
where obrdire is used of enemies ; ob- 
tempero (v. infr.) of allies: see also 
sup. (1), where the use of pareo and 
obedio together conveys the fullest no- 
tion of obedience. 3, obiempéro, 1 
(with dat.: esp. of voluntary and ra- 
tional obedience): to o. the spirit (not 
the mere letter) of command, ad id quod 
ex verhis intelligi possit obt. alicui, Cic. 
Caec. 18, 52 (cl. supr. 2): Cues. Join: 
obtemperare atque parere (alicui), id. 
Pl. 39, 94. (As obtempero denotes a 
voluntary disposing uf oneself acc. to 
the unll of another, it al-o= to comply 
with: q. V.) 4, dicto audiens sum 
(absol. or with second dat. of person: 
denoting prompt obedience to supreme 
authority): that the soldiers would not 
o. orders, milites non fore dicto a., Caes. 
B. G. 1, 39, extr.: Liv.: v. OBEDIENT (2). 

5, ausculto, 1 (to hearken or listen 

to; with dat.: rare in this sense): Pl.: 
Phr-) to, 72 
Juse w o., obedientiam abjicere (v. ORE- 
DIENCE); imperata detrectare (not im- 
plving, like preced. phr., a@ prerious 
obedience), Suet. Caes. 54; imperium 
{auspiciunque] abnuere (ef mutinous 
troops), Liv. 28,27. ad init. 6, audio, 
4 (with acc.: poet.): Virg. 

obfuscate: perh caliginem (alicui) 
offundere, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 16 

obfuscation: perh. caligo, inis, f. : 
ef. Cat. 64, 207: and preced art. 

obituary (subs.): perh. Libitinae in- 
dex. (Suet. Ner. 39, has in Libitinae 
rationem venire = to le registered as de- 
ceased.) Or expr. by phr.: the o. of the 
year includes the names of...., *in hoc 


OBJECT 





anno excesserunt ¢ vita... 
anno desiderati sunt... .. 
object (subs.): |, That about which 
the mind is employed; that which lies 
before the mind : (metaphys. t. t.) - *res 
objecta sensibus ; quod animo percipitur 
(cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49, si tale visum ob- 


-> iu boe 


jectum est... .dermienti, etc. : and v. To 
PERCEIVE): also in modern Lat., *ub- 
jectum: Cartes. Princ. 1, 30: ete. ll. 


Any external thing: res; or expr. by 
neut. of adj. : the object of sight, taste, tea 
res quae (id quod) cernitur, gustatur, 
etc. : external v.s, res externae ; ©xterna: 
V. THING. WW. Vhat on wnich any 
emotion or effort isexpended: 1, expr. 
by dat. of verbal subs. (with verb to be): 
to be the o. of any one’s hatred, esse 
alicui odio, Cic. Fam. 12, 10: to be ano. 
of the care of the gods, diis curae esse, 
Sall. Jug. 75, fin. : to be an o. of mockery, 
ludibrio esse alicui, Liv. 2, 23> ¢f. L. G. 
§ 297. 2. expr. by verbal subs. in 
apposition: esp. in the case of such 
words as amor (amores), déliciae, dési- 
dérium: cf. Cat. 45,1, Aemen Septimius 
suos amores tenens, the 0. of his affece 
tion: so, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79, amores ac 
deliciae tuae Roscius, 0. of your especial 
love: and Hor. Od. 1, 14, fin. tu.... 
taedium ....desiderium .... cura, 0. of 
weary anziety....longing....care. 3, 
expr. by pass. verb corresponding to the 
verbal subs.: to be the o. of any one’s 
love, esteem, respect, ab aliquo amari, 
diligi, suspici: v. TO Love, ete. The 
Same sense may also be expr. by act. 
voice: Alexis was the o. of Corydon’s 
love, Corydon ardebat Alexin, Virg. E. 
2, 1; so, alicujus amore deperire, ete. 
IV. Aim, intention: 1, finis 
(propositus): all the arts have some o 
at which they aim, omnes artes habent 
f. aliquem propositum, ad quer tendunt, 
Quint. 2, 17, 22: Cic.: v. END (IV.). 
2, expr. by consilium (design, pur- 
pose): I will state the 0. of my departure 
and return, exponam c. et profectionis 
meae et reversionis, Cic. Ph. 1, intt.: 
with the o. of...., eo c. ut...., Caes. 
B. G. 1, 48: so, with what o.? quo c 
V. INTENTION. 3. expr. by verbs im- 
plying an aim or object: what is thet 
o.? quid petunt? Virg. Aen. 2, 151 





their (one) o. is to...., id agunt, ut...., 
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41: Vv. END (jin.). V. 
In grammar: expr. by pendére ex.... 


Vv. TO DEPEND. (Not objectum or res 
objecta in this sense.) VI]. Collog., a 
strange sight: Phr.: what an o.! qua- 
lis facies [et quali digna tabella]! Juv. 
10, 157: qualis erat! Virg Aen. 2, 274. 
object (v.): |. To offer an objec- 
tion: 1. expr. by dico, xi, ctum, 3: 
esp. in connexion with the adversative 
conj., at: but you o....., at enim dicitis 
.- +, Cie. Fin. 4.15, 40: philosophers 0. on 
many grounds to pleasure being counted 
among goods,a philosophis permulta di- 
cuntur cur [non] voluptas in bonis sit 
numeranda, ib. 1, 10, 31: so, contra dicere 
[not as one word], ib. 3, 1, 2 (which 
usu., as here, refers to an opposite po- 
sition maintained, not simply an objec- 
tion: cf. id. N. D. 3, 21, tnit.); and in 
somewhat diff. sevse, in contrariam 
partem afferre, id. de Or 2, 53, jin. 
2 expr. “tt ts objected,” “ you ob- 
ject,” by at, at enim cf. Cic, Sen. 6, 
extr., at memoria minuitur, but, if ts 
o.'d, the memory fails (in old aye} = 80, ib. 
14, 47, at non est voluptatum tanta quasi 
titillatio in senibus cf. supr. (1). (N.B. 
—Not oppono, occurro [R. and A.), in 
this sense: cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 42, jin., intro- 
ducebat Carneades, non ut probaret, sed 
ut opponeret Stoicis, i. e. vut of opposi 
tion to the Stoics; and id. N. D. 2, 28, 
70, where occurrere = to meet and reply 
to an argument.) |]. 70 object to; 
have an unvillingness that something 
should be done 1. réciis», = (esp. in 
negative sentences; foll. by quin or quo 
minus) :; J do not o. to every one’s r ading 
what I write, non recusabo quominus 
omnes scripta mea legant, Cic, Fin. 1, 3,7 
we cannot o. to others differing Jrom ts, 
| Bon possums quip alii a nobis dissep 
5 








OBJECTION 


OBLIGING 


OBLOQUY 





tiant r., Cic. Ac. 2, 3, init.: also absol., 
I do not o., non recuso, non abnuo, id. 
Mil. 36, fin. 2. imprébo, 1 (with 
direct acc.): v. TO DISAPPROVE. 3: 
répugno, 1 (to resist anything ; oppose 
tts being done): I do not 0., provided..., 
non repugno, dummodo..., Cic. Ac. 2, 
41, jin.: so, nibil repugno (quae si tu 
alio nomine vis vocare, nihil repugno, 
id. fr. in August.): v. TO OPPOSE. 6 
gravor, i (strictly, to feel anything a 
burden; hence, to be reluctant to do 
anything): J for my part should not 
0., if I had confidence in myself, ego 
vero non gravarer, si mihi ipse confi- 
derem, id. Am. 5, init.: usu. foll. by 
infin., id. de Or. 1, 23, 107, etc. 5 
nolo, ui, ivr. (with inf.): I o. to an 
affected articulation of each letter, nolo 
exprimi litteras putidius, Cic. de Or. 3, 


11, 41. 
objection: |. A counter state- 
ment : 1, expr. by dico, 3: the o.s 


advanced against each philosopher, quid 
contra quemque philosophum dicitur, 
Cic. Div. 2, 1, 2: to raise many 0.8, 
multa dicere cur res non ita se habeat; 
muita iu contrariam partem afferre: v. 
TO OBJECT. 2. a quibbling o., captio: 
to dispose of such 0.8, captiones discutere, 
id. Ac. 2, 15, 46. I]. Difficulty or 
reluctance about doing something : a | 
expr. to have no o., by non recusare, non 
Tepugnare; v. TO OBJECT (LI1.). 2 
expr. by per me, te, licet (J, you, ete., 
have no 0.): I have no o. even to your 
snoring, says he, per me vel stertas 


licet, inquit, Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 93: so, non | 


licet per Cratinum, id. Off. 3,7, 33. 3, 
Mora (strictly, delay; hence, cause of 
delay, hindrance): nov is there any 0. 
to my marrying her, nec m. ulla est 
quin eam uxorem ducam, Ter. Andr. 5, 
6, 7: there is no 0. as far as he is con- 
cerned, per hunc nulla est m., ib. 3, 4, 
13. (Not Cic. in this sense.) 4, im- 
pédimentum: v. HINDRANCE. Phr.: J 
have no o. (to that), nibil impedio, Cic. 
Off. 1,1,2: I have no o. to their being 
Saved, nihil moror eos salvos esse, Ant. 
in Cic. Ph. 13, 17, 35: what o. is there to 
(the wedding) being made a reai one ? 
quid obstat cur non verae nuptiae fiant ? 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 76: there are many 0.s in 
the way of my...., multa me dehortan- 
tur, quominus...., Sall. Jug. 31, init.: 
that is no o., *id quidem nihil omnino 
obstat. 

objectionable: improbabilis, e (not 
deserving approbution): Quint. 7, 4, 7: 
Sen. Or expr. by more gen. terms, in- 
gratus, injucundus (Vv. UNPLEASANT), 
Malus, also superl. deterrimus: v. BAD. 


objective: expr. by externus, qui | 


Sensibus percipitur: v. OBJECT (l.). 
Sometimes *objectivus is indispensable, 
as metaphys. f. ¢. 

objectively ; *objectivé, quod dicitur. 
(Only as metaphys. t. ¢.) 

objector: *qui contra dicit, dispu- 
tat: Vv. TO OBJECT. 

objurgate: objurgo, r: Pl.: Cic. 

objurgatory: expr. by verb: in an 
0. manner, objurgantis s. exprobrantis 
modo; objurgans, exprobrans: v. To 
REPKOACH. 

oblate: *(globus) circa axis extremas 
partes depressior ac planior. 

oblation : oblatio (=Gr. rpoodopa) : 
Vulg. Act. xxi. 26, etc.: Vv. OFFERING, 

obligation : |, Binding moral 
Orce : 1, officium: cf. Cic. Att. 16, 
11, 3, non dubito quin Ka@jKov officium 
sit, sed inscriptio plenior de officits (i. e. 
the entire subject of moral o.): cf. id. 
Off. 1, 2, 7, sqq. 2. expr. by dportet, 
disbeo (te be under an o.: foll. by infin.) : 
Vv. OUGHT. 3. expr. by religio (scru- 
pulousness, conscientious regard): to be 
influenced by the o. of an oath, religione 
jurisjurandi commoveri, Cic. Font. 9, 
20: cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 77, fin. I]. 4 
legal undertaicing: obligatio: to con- 
tract an o., obl. contrahere, Gai. Dig. 44, 
i} init.: to cancel an o., obl. tollere, 
Np. Dig. 46, 4, 8 § 3. To lay oneself 
ander 0., se obiigare: Cic.: Liv.: v. TO 
sinp (IL, fin.). Fig.: under an o. to 

508 


| pay a vow, voti reus, Virg. Aen. 5, 237: 
Macr. I]. 4 claim arising out of a 
javour conferred: Phr.: (i). under an 
0. to any one: (1). obnoxius (with dat. 
of person to whom): all Greece was 
under o. to the Romans for its freedom, 
omnem Graeciam beneficio libertatis 
obn, Romanis esse, Liv. 35, 31, med.: 
Ter. (2). obligatus (v. infr. ii.): I was 
under no o. to him, nihil ei obl. eram, 
Cic. Fam. 6, 11: comp. obligatior, wnder 
greater o., Plin. Ep. 8, 2, fin. (3). offi- 
cio obstrictus : Caes. B. G. 1,9: v. infr. 
(ii.) to lay any one under o.: (1). obligo, 
1: be sure and lay him under an o. by 
your liberality, quem fac ut tua libe- 
ralitate tibi obliges, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 14, 
jin.: Plin. min.: v. TO OBLIGE. (2). 
obstringo, nxi, ctum, 3: to lay any one 
under an o. by gifts, donis aliquem obs., 
Cic. Clu. 66, extr. (3). déméreor, 2 (to 
deserve well of : with acc. of person): 
to lay a community under o., civitatem 
beneficio d., Liv. 3, 18, init.: also in act. 
form, Ov. A. A. 252 (nec tibi sit servos 
demeruisse pudor). IV. The favour 
itself : bénéficium, (quod) gratum (est) : 
v. FAVOUR. See also TO OBLIGE. 

obligatory: Phr.: it is o. on us, 
omnino oportet, debemus (v. OUGHT): 
are promises always o.? *promissane 
semper servanda sunt? cf. Cic. Off. 3, 
24, tnit. 

oblige: |. To bind by some obli- 
gation: obligo, obstringo, etc.: v. To 
BIND (IL). 
€0g0, 3: V.TOCOMPEL, |||, Yo render 
indebted ; doa favour toany one: J, 
expr. by gratum, gratissimum facio, 3 
(with dat.) : you will very greatly o. us, 
gratissimum nobis feceris (foll. by si 
with fut. perf.), Cic. Sen. 2,6: so, per- 
gratum mihi feceris, id. Am. 4, 16: and, 
mihi vero pergratum erit, J shall be 
very much o.d: so, erunt mihi gratis- 
sima, id. Fam. 13, 48. 9. obligo, 1 
(to lay under an obligation): you will 
o. me, you will o. my friend Calvisius, 
obligabis me, obligabis Calvisium nos- 
trum, Plin. Ep. 4, 4,3. (N.B.—Not ex- 
actly in this sense in Cic.: v. OBLIGA- 
TIon, III.) 3. commodo, 1 (fo o. by 


in whatever way you can o. a person, 


detrimento possit commodari, Cic. Off. 
| I, 16, 51: su, id. Fam. 13, 35, ut omni- 
bus rebus, quod sine molestia tua facere 
possis, ei Commodes (serve, oblige him): 
oft. = to 0. with the loan of anything : 
Vv. TO LEND. 4, expr. by beneficium 
collocare apud aliquem; b. conferre in 
aliquem, etc.: v. FAVOUR. 5, grati- 
ficor, 1 (to do what is agreeable to any 
one): Cic.: Liv.: v. TOGRATIFY. See also 
TO COMPLY WITH. Phr.: Tam much o.d 
to you for what you did about...., de 
-..-multum te amo, Cic. Att. 7,2, 7: so 
with in and abl., id. Fam. 13, 62 (in Attilii 
hegotio te amavi): or foll. by rel. clause, 
te multum amamus, quod, ete., id. Att. 
I, 3, 2. 
obliging (adj.): 1. comis, e 
(courteous and amiable): cf. Cic. Bal. 
16, 36, comes, benigni, faciles dicuntur; 
qui erranti comiter monstrant viam : 
Ter. Join: benignus et lepidus et 
comis, Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 393; comis et hu- 
manus, Cic. Fin. 2, 25, 80. 2. hi- 
manus (characterized by kindly human 
feeling: more comprehensive than pre- 
ced.): an o. disposition, h. ingenium, 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 86: Cic. Join: com- 
munis (affable) atque humanus, Cic. 
Sen. 17, 59; facillimus atque humanis- 
simus, id. Att. 16, 16: cf. supr. (1). 
Very o., perhumanus, id. Fam. 13, 21. 
8, facilis, e (easy-tempered): v. 
KIND, GOOD-NATURED. 4, comminis, 
e (affable, ready to impart of one’s 
own): of so o. a disposition as that..., 
tam c. animo esse ut..., Ter. Heaut. 5, 
I, 39: Cic.: v. supr. (2). 5, offici- 
osus (full of respect and attention 
towards): cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 24, 63, 
Lampsaceni in omnes cives Romanos 
officiosi (ready to do anything to show 
respect or oblige): also, id. Fam. 13, 21, 





I]. 70 constrain, force: | 


lending or giving: with dat. of person): | 


without loss to yourself, quicquid sine | 





| et evanuit, Cic. de Or. 2, 23, 95. 


extr. (N.B.—Not obsequens, obsequi- 
osus: which = yielding, complaisant.) 
obligingly: 1. comiter: Cic. Bal. 
i6, 36. 9, officidsé (for syn. v. optt~ 
GtnG). Join: officiose et amice, Cic. 


Am. 20, 71. See also KINDLY. 
obligingness: 1. comitas: vy. 
COURTESY. 2, himanitas, facilitas, 


etc. : Vv. GOOD-NATURE, KINDNESS, 
oblique: obliquus (slanting, side- 
ways): Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120: the o. order 
of the signs, 0. signorum ordo, Virg. G. 
I, 239. Fig.: to assail any one with 
0. (indirect) insinuations, 0. orationibus 
carpere aliquem, Suet. Dom. 2: also in 
grammat, sense, the o. cases, casus obli- 
qui, Varr. L. L. 8, 26, 49: 0. narration, 
0. oratio, Just.: v. INDIRECT. 
obliquely; obliqué: Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 
20: Caes. Fig.=<indirectly: Tac. A. 
3, 35 (obl. castigare aliquem). Also, in 
obliquum, Virg. G. 1, 98: Plin.: and 
per obliquum, Hor. Od. 3, 27, 6: in 
somewhat diff. sense, ex obliquo (on 


one side), Plin. 2, 31, 31%. See also 
ASKANCE, 

obliqueness : obliquitas: Plin. 2, 
ee : 

obliquity: |. Lit.: v. preced. 
art. |], Fig.: in moral sense: pravi- 


tas, Iniquitas ; V. VICIOUSNESS, INIQUITY 
(Not pravitas in this sense.) 

obliterate: 1. déleo, évi, ctum, 
2 (both lit. and fig.): v. To BLoT our. 

2. abdleo, évi, itum, 2: to 0. a 

name (in a will), nomen ab., Suet. Dom. 
15, init.: to o, the recollection of any- 
thing, memoriam alicujus rei ab., Tac. 
H. 1, 84: also intrans. (which, however, 
more properly belongs to abolesco, ine 
cept.), nondum memoria aboleverat, had 
not yet become o.d. Liv. 9, 36, init. 3, 
oblitéro, t (oblitt.): Tac. A. 13, 23, extr. 
More freq. in fig. sense, e. g. memoriam 
ebl., Liv. 21, 29, extr. 4. in pass. 
sense, €vanesco, vanui. 3 (to become 0.d): 
(the characters) had become so completely 
od, tantopere evanuisse, Tisch. pref. 
N. T.: the recollection has gradually be- 
come o.d, memoria sensim [obscurata est] 
3. 
exdlesco, évi, tum, 3 (in pass. sense): 
letters almost o.d, paene jam exolescentes_ 
litterae, Suet. Aug. 7. Phr.: to o. the 
very name of the Roman people, exstin- 
guere nomen populi Romani, Cic. Cat. 
4, 4, 7: 

obliteration: expr. by verb: v. To 
OBLITERATE, 

oblivion: 1, oblivio, dnis, f.: to 
rescue from 0., ab obl. [atque a silentio] 
vindicare, Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 7: to consign 
to o., oblivioni dare, Liv. 1, 31, init. ; 
more strongly, voluntaria quadam obl. 
conterere, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 7 (the latter 
phr. signifying the determination to 
Jorget; the former, an allowing of any- 
thing to be forgotten) : see also FORGET~ 
FULNESS 3 AMNESTY. 2. oblivium 
(poet.): freq. plur.: to drink a pleasant 
0. of an anxious life, ducere sollicitae 
jucunda obl. vitae, Hor. S. 2, 6, 62: 
Virg. Phr.: to sink into o., obscurari 
atque evanescere; abolescere: v. TO OB- 
LITERATE. 

oblivious; immémor, oblividsus : v. 
FORGETFUL, 

oblong (adj.): oblongus: 0. eggs, 
ova obL., Plin. 10, 52, 74 (for which Hor. 
has, longa quibus facies erit, Sat. 2, 4, 
12): Plin. (Oblongo hastili, in Liv. 21, 
8, fin., is probably a false reading ; and 
the strict sense of the word is simply 
elongated.) 

oblong (subs.): quadrilatera forma, 
quae in rectis lineis continetur, et voca- 
tur altera parte longior: Front. Goes. 
p. 35. 

obloquy: 1, vitiipératio (censure). 
to become an object of such o., [in ser- 
monem hominum atque] in tantam vy. 
venire, Cic. Verr. 4, 7, 13. (Vituperatio 
is itself less strong than Eng., requiring 
some epithet, or some words in the con- 
text, to make it equivalent.) 2, malé- 
dictum (any abusive speech): esp. pl.: 
the 0. heaped upon men of the highest 
rank by the equites, equitum in homines 








OBNOXIOUS 


aobilissimos maledicta, Cic. Pl. 13, jin. : 
to assail with every Ieind of o., probris 
omnibus 1m.que vexare, id. Fl. 20, 48. 
8. opprobrium (taunt, reproach) : 
esp. pl.: to be stung by false o., op. 
falsis morderi, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 38: to be 
assailed by general o., maledictis op- 
probriisque vulgi pulsari, Auct. Quint. 
Decl. So also probra, orum: v. RE- 
proach. Phr.: to be the object of 
general o., flagrare rumore malo, Hor. 
S. 1, 4,125. See also INFAMY. 
obnoxious : |. Lxposed, Viable 
fo: obnoxius: v. LIABLE, SUBJECT. 
Il. Hurtful, objectionable: noxius, 
ndcens, etc.: Vv. HUKTFUL, NOXIOUS. 
I]. Offensive, hatefv’:; invisus: 
Virg. Aen. 1, 28 (invisum genus): Cic.: 
V. HASEFUL. 
obnoxiously ; v. INJURIOUSLY. 
obolus: Oobdlus: Vitr. 
obscene: 1, obscaenus (-oenus, 
-enus): 0. gesting, genus dicendi obs., 
Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104: somewhat o., obscae- 
nior, id. Tusc. 5, 38, 112: also, subob- 
scaenus, id. Or. 26, 88. Also used of 
whatever is revolting or of ill-omen: 
the o. birds of ocean (harpies), obs. pe- 
lagi aves, Virg. Aen. 3, 241. 2). 
inquinatus (polluted): most 0. conver- 
sation, sermo inquinatissimus, Cic. Verr. 
3, 26, 65. 8. turpis, e (most compre- 
hensive term: Gr. aicxpos): cf. Cic. 
Off. 1, 35, 126, quae partes corporis, ad 
naturae necessitatem datae, adspectum 
essent deformem habiturae atque tur- 
pem: Vv. SHAMEFUL. 4, spurcus: v. 
FILTHY. 5, niidus (lit. naked: rare): 
to abstain from o. language, n. verbis 
abstinere, Plin. Ep. 4,14, 4. Similar is 
the use of the expr. nupta verba, Fest. 
8. Vv. nuptus. 
obscenely : 1, obscaené (-oené, 
-éné): Cic. Q, turpiter (shamefully) : 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 36. 
obscenity : 1, obscaenitas (-oeni- 
tas, -énitas): Cic. Off. 1, 29, Jim. : Quint. 
9, turpitiido (v. opscENE, 3): Join: 
verborum turpitudo et rerum obscaeni- 
tas, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, extr. 
obscuration: obsciiratio: an o. 
(eclipse) of the sun, obs. solis, Quint. 1, 
Jo, 47: Cic. fr. Or expr. by verb: v. 


TO OBSCURE. 
obscure (adj.): |. Without na- 
tural light: obsciirus: Vv. DARK. Il. 


Not easily understood : 1, obsctrus : 
extremely o. (Heraclitus), valde obs., 
Cic. Div. 2, 64, 133: Lucr.: J strive to 
be brief, I become o., brevis esse laboro, 
obs. fio, Hor. A. P.25. Join: obscurus 
et ignotus, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 19773 obs. 
atque caecus, id. Agr. 2, 14, 36. Some- 
what o., subobscurus, Cic. 9, récon- 
ditus (naturally difficult of apprehen- 
sion ; while obscurus often refers only 
to the way in which a subject is treated) : 
Cic.: Vv. ABSTRUSE, RECONDITE. 8, per- 
plexus (intricate, puzzling) : 0. speeches 
(rendered purposely ambiguous), p. ser- 
mones, Liv. 40, 5, med.: a somewhat o. 
theory, ratio perplexior, Plin. 2, 15, 13 
62. 4, caecus (of that hich escapes 
the eye or mind): cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 
357, res caecae et ab aspectus judicio 
remotae: v. supr. (1). 5, invoélitus 
(involved, intricate): Join: occulta et 
quasi involuta [aperire], Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 
zo. Phr.: in an o., enigmatical man- 
mer, per ambages, Liv. 1, 56, ad fin.: 
so, ambages is used of (he enigma of the 
Sphinz, Ov. M. 7,160: to be intentionally 
9., sensus suos abdere (condere, recon- 
dere), Tac. A. 1, 11: cf. ib. (sensus) in 
incertum et ambiguum magis implica- 
bantur=he became more o. than ever : 
see also to obscure (= render obscure). 
lil. Not distinguished: 1, ob- 
sctrus: of humble and o. parentage, 
humili atque o. loco natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 
70, 181: wllustrious or o., clarus an 
obs., Quint. 5, 10, 26. 9. hiimilis, ig- 
nobilis: v. HUMBLE, IGNOBLE. 
obscure (v.): 1, obsciiro, 1 (both 
lit. and fig.): the sky was o.d by clouds, 
coelum nubibus obscuratum, Sall. Jug. 
38, med.: to o. one's style, stilum obs., 
Suet. Tib. 70: as opp. to celebrare, to 


OBSERVANCE 





render famous or o., Sall. Cat, 8. he 
officio, féci, fectum, 3 (with dat.: to 
stand in the way of, darken, eclipse) : 
the greatness of those who will o. my 
name, magnitudo eorum qui meo nomini 
officient, Liv. pref.: cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 
49, ipsa umbra terrae soli officiens noc- 
tem efficit (eclipses and o.s it), Phr.: 
to o. a subject intentionally (mystify 
any one), tenebras alicui offundere, Cic. 
in Quint. 2, 17, 21: see alsu To HIDE, 
CONCEAL. 
obscurely: 1, obsciiré : to inter- 
pret what is said o., obs. dicta inter- 
pretari, Quint. 3, 4, 3: Gell. Of pa- 
rentage: o. born, obs. natus, Macr. : 
Amm. (better, obscuro loco natus). 2. 
ambigué: v. AMBIGUOUSLY. 3, per 
ambages (in an indirect, enigmatical 
way): Liv. 1, 56. 
obscurity: |. Lit.: obsciiritas, 
ténebrae : v. DARKNESS. I]. Lack of 
clearness: obsciiritas: Cic.: Quint.: to 
involve a thing in o., obs. et tenebras 
alicui rei afferre, Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 50. 
Phr.: to be wrapped in o., in incertum 
et ambiguum implicari, Tac. A. 1, 11: 
to speak without o., *nullis ambagibus 
loqui: cf. Ov. M. to, a9: Il]. vean- 
ness of origin or rank : hiimilitas, igno- 
bilitas, sordes (stronger than Eng.): v. 
MEANNESS (I.), HUMBLENESS (I.)._ Phr.: 
to raise from o. or consign to it, cele- 
brare, obscurare, Sall. Cat. 8: ef. obscura 
promere, insignia attenuare, Hor. Od. 1, 
24, fin.: to pass one’s life in o., vitam 
silentio transire, Sall. Cat. init. (scarcely 
to be imitated): vitam per obscurum 
transmittere, Sen. Ep. 19, 2: to raise a 
family from o., familiam (abjectam et 
obscuram) e tenebris in lucem evocare, 
Cic. Deiot. 11, 30; familiam illustrare, 
(to shed lustre on it), Suet. Gal. 3, med. 
obsequies: exséquiae, arum; justa; 
ete.: Vv. FUNERAL (subs.). 
obsequious: 1. nimis obséquens: 
cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 29, nimia obsequentia : 
or perb. obsequentior (a milder expr.) : 
ef. L. G. § 351: or expr. by gen. or abl. 
of quality, nimia obsequentia, nimii 
obsequii (all of persons only) : Vv. OBSE- 
qurousnEss. (Neither obsequens nor 
obsequiosus [Pl.] denote a bad quality.) 
. perh. officidsus (usu. in good 
sense: V. OBLIGING): cf. Cic. in Pis. 23, 
55, Officiosissima natio candidatorum : 
or expr. by nimis or compar. degree: cf. 
supr.(1). 8, ambitiosus (given to court 
favour): soo. as to salute us all every 
day, ita a. ut omnes nos quotidie per- 
salutet, Cic. Fl. 18, init.: an o. empire 
(emperor), a. imperium, Tac. H. 1, 83. 
4, perh. hiimilis, e (low, mean): a 
most o. flatterer, assentator humillimus, 
Vell. 2, 83, init: Vv. MEAN-SPIRITED. 
5, perh. assentator (one who falls 
in with whatever you say or do: strictly 
subs. ; but see L. G. § 598): cf. Ter. Eun. 
2, 2, 22, omnia assentari, fo be as 0. as 
ever one can. — 
obseauiously : cum nimia obsé- 
quentia; ambitidsé, assentatorié (with 
ref. to language): v. preced. art. Or 
perh. serviliter: Tac. H. 1, 36, jin. 
obseauiousness: 1, nimia obsé- 
quentia (rare): Caes. B. G. 7, 29. oO 
obstquium (not necessarily in bad 
sense): Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 41 (opp. to 
veritas): Tac. 8. assentatio (strictly 
of language): ef. Cic. Clu. 13, 16, se 
blanditiis et assentationibus in Asinii 
consuetudinem immersit (by fawning 
and obsequiousness). See also SERVILITY. 
4. ambitio (paying court ; seeking 
to gain favour): cf. Cic. Br. 69, fin., 
ambitione labi(where flattery is meant) : 
using every kind of o. to every one, nullo 
officii aut ambitionis in aliquem genere 
omisso, Suet. Oth. 4: Hor. See also 
SERVILITY. 
observable: Vv. REMARKABLE. 
observance: |. Vhe act of ob- 
serving : 1, conservatio : 
decorum, decoris c., Cic. Off. 1, 36, 131. 
9. observantia (careful regard for) : 
the o. of ancient custom, obs. prisci 
moris, Val. Max. 2, 6, 7. (Appy. not 
observatio in this sense.) 3, obtem- 


the o. of 








Jin. 


OBSERVE 





pératio (rare): v. OBEDIENCE. (Oft 
better expr. by verb: a notable in 
stance of the o. of religion, memorabile 
exemplum servatae religionis, Val. Max. 
t, 1, 11: care for the o. of religion, com 
servandae religionis cura, ib. 1, 1, 12 
V.TOOBSERVE.) ||, A regular practice: 
ritus, is: V. RITE, USAGE. 

observant: |. Taking notice: 
nearest word, attentus: Vv. ATTENTIVE 
To be o. of everything, *attentissime 
omnia oculis animoque excipere. ll. 
Regardful: 1, diligens, ntis: most o 
of every duty, omnis officli diligentis- 
simus, Cic. Coel. 30, 73: 0. of truth, 
d. veri, Nep. Epam. 3. 9, observans, 
ntis (with gen.: in Cic. = respectful 
towards): very 0. of every claim of duty, 
omnium officiorum observantissimus, 
Plin. Ep. 7, 30, init. : Claud. 3, réli- 
gidsus (in matters of religion and con- 
science): esp. 0. of an oath, Cic, Caec: 
10, 26 (in testimonio religiosus): v. 
SCRUPULOUS. 

observation: |. The act of ob- 
serving or taking notice: 1, obser- 
vatio: 0. of the heavenly bodies, obs. 
siderum, Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2: things learned 
by 0., quae observatione cognita sunt, 
ib. 2, 12, init. 2. ndtatio (careful 
mariing): Join: notatio [naturae] 
et animadversio, Cic. Or. 55, 183. 
animadversio (attention): v. supr. (2) 

4, contemplatio (viewing, gazing 

upon): nothing to interfere with their 
0. of the heavens, nihil quod contempla- 
tioni eoeli officere posset, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 
93. (Or expr. by verb: to pursue ce 
lestial o.s, siderum motus observare 
to take such o.s astronomically, positus 
siderum ac spatia dimetiri, Tac. A. 6, 21: 
to do so in a ceremonial or augural 
sense, de coelo servare, Cic. Ph. 2, 32, 81: 
Vv. TO OBSERVE.) |]. A remark, esp. 
of acritical or exegetical kind: obsere 
vatio: os on the ancient dialect, obs. 
sermonis antiqui, Suet. Gr. extr. See 
also NOTE. 

observatory : *specula astronomica, 
Fichst.; specula ex qua siderum motus 
observantur, Jan. (Kr.): an astrologers 
o., pergula mathematici, Suet. Aug. 94, 
(N.B.—For technical use, better 
*observatorium: after anal. of condi- 
torium, repertorinm, etc.) 

observe: |. 70 notice, pay atten- 
tion to: 1, observo, 1 (to watch care- 


Sully): to o. the passages and motions 


of the heavenly bodies, trajectiones mo- 
tusque siderum obs., Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2: 
Vv. TO WATCH. 9. animadverto, ti, 
sum, 3 (to notice, pay attention to): 
your rank causes whatever you do to be 
o.d, dignitas tua facit ut animadvertatur 
quicqnid facias, Cic. Fam. 11, 27, fin.: 
Liv. (N.B.—In older writers often, 
animum adverto, of which the preced. is 
a contraction ; also with ace.) 3, spé- 
cilor, 1 (to spy out): the eyes of many 
will o. and keep guard over you, mul- 
torum oculi te speculabuntur et cus- 
todient, Cic. Cat. 1, 2, fin.: to o. the 
settings and risings of the stars, obitus 
et ortus signorum sp., Virg. G. I, 257. 

4, contemplor, 1 (to view, look atten- 
tively at): to look up to the sky and o, 
the celestial phenomena, coelum sus- 
picere coelestiaque c., Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 
init.: too. the nature of the ground on 
every side, c. ab omni parte loci na- 
turam, Liv. 35, 28: 0. too (calling atten- 
tion to a point), contemplator item, Virg. 
G. 1, 184. 5, considéro, 1 (about = 
preced.) : to 0. (look carefully at) a 
statue, signum c., Cic. Off. 1, 41, 147: 
Gell. 6. sentio, 4: Vv. TO PERCEIVE. 
Phr.: to observe the intestines of vic- 
tims, exta inspicere, Cic. Div. 2, 13, fin. : 
to o. celestial phenomena (for signs and 
omens), de coelo servare, id. Ph. 2, 32, 
81: to be o.d (with interest and admi- 
ration), conspici: v. NOTICE (to attract). 

||. Zo remark: dico; inquam (the 
latter esp. introduced into the body of the 
observation itself}: v. TO SAY, REMARK. 
(Kr. condemns such exprr. as, recte, 
bene monuit ; recommending observavit, 
docuit, annotavit, dixit.) Ill. Ze give 

509 


OBSERVER 


OBTAIN 





heed to, keep in practice: 1, conservo, 
1 (to preserve inviolate): to 0. an oath, 
jusjurandum c., Cic. Off. 3, 28, fin. : to o. 
the privileges of ambassadors, jus lega- 
torum c., Caes. B. G. 3, 16: v. TO KEEP. 
2. observo, 1 (to pay respect to ; 
keep carefully): to 0. wstructions very 
carefully, praeceptum obs. diligen 
tissime, Caes B.G. 5, 35: too. ine las, 
leges obs., Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40. 83. ob- 
tempéro, 1 (with dat): v. TO OBEY. 
observer: 1, spectator: o. of the 
heavens and the heavenly bodies (Aichi- 
medes), s. cveli siderumq iv, Liv. 24, 34, 
init.: Cic. 2. speculator (one who 
pries into anything); Join: specu- 
lator venatoique naturae, Cic. N. D. 1, 
30, init. 3, animadversor (one who 
notices, esp. in the way of censure): 
keen 0.8 of people's faults, acres a. vi- 
tiorum, id. Off. 1, 41, init. 4, expr. 
by adj.: the most accurate o.s of nature, 
diligentissimi naturae, Pliu. 13, 4, 7 
§ 31: a most scrupulous o. of every duty, 
omnis Officii observantissimus: v. OB- 
SERVANT. (N.B.—Avoid observator, a 
watcher : rare.) 

observing (a4j.): diligens, ntis: 
v. preced. art. fin. Or perh. perspicax 
(keen-sighted): Ter.: Cic. 

Obsidian: (lapis) obsidianus: Plin. 
36, 26, 67 (a/. obsianus, Jan.). As adj. : 
an elephant sculptured in o., elephantus 
obsidianus (obsianus): Plin. 1. c. 

Obsolescent: (to be o., obsdlescére : 
v. foll. art. 

obsolete: 1, obsdlétus: o. words, 
verba obs., Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 150. a 
exsolétus (exoletus): 0. and out of the 
way words, ex. et reconditae voces, Suet. 
Aug. 86: ano. custom, ex. mos, id. Gal. 4. 

3. pervétustus (antiquated): Cic. 
de Or. 3, 52, fin. (of words). 4, expr. 
by circuml.: 0. words, verba prisca ac 
velusia +t ab usu quotidiani sermonis 
jamdiu intermissa, Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 153. 
Phr.: o. laws, leges antiquae et mor- 
tuae, Cic. Verr. 5, 18, 45. Yo become o.: 
(1). obsdlesco, évi, Etum, 3: Varr. L. L. 
g, Io, 16. (2), exdlesco, 3: to prevent 
the institution becoming o., ne disciplina 
exolesceret, Tac. A. 11, 15. (3). poet. 
cad, cécidi, casum, 3: Hor. A. P. 70. 

obsoleteness: expr. by adj.: v. 
OBSOLETE, 

obstacle: 1, impédimentum: v. 
HINDRANCE, 9. obex, icis and jicis, c. 
(a barrier): rare in gen. sense: to make 
one’s way through the o.s presented by 
forests, per obices silvarum ire, Liv. 9, 3, 
imit.: Plin. Pan. 47. Oftener expr. by 
verb: to be an o, to, (1). obsto, stiti, 
slitum, 1: fut. part. obstaturus (with 
dat.): what o. is there to prevent ...., 
quid obstat quominus...? Cic. N. D. 
I, 34, 953; quid obstat cur...non..., 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 76: to remove all o.s 
and hindrances, omnia removere quae 
obs. et impediunt, Cic. Acad. 2, 7, 19. 
(2). officio, féci, fectum, 3 (with dat.) : 
to be an o. in the way of any one’s 
Schemes, consiliis alicujus of., Sall. Cat. 
27: it was no o. to his being...., non 
offecit ei quominus...., Plin. Ep. 6, 
29,6. Jorn: officere et obstare, Cic. 
(3). impédio, 4: v.TO HINDER. Phr.: 
a route easter and uith fewer o.s, iter 
facilius et expeditius, Caes. B. G. 1, 6: 
80, attended with (many) o.s, impeditus, 
impeditissimus, id. B. G. 6, 8 (impedirus 
locus): Liv : to clear away the o.s pre- 
sented by the forests, obstantia silvarum 
amoliri, lac. A. 1, 50. (N.B.—By no 
means, obstaculum ) 

obstetric: obstet icius: Arn. 

obstetrician : *medicus obstetri- 
cius. 

obstetrics: *res s. ars obstetricia. 

obstinacy: 14. pertinacia (per- 
sistency; a more passive quality than 
pervicacia, which is from vincere, deter- 
mination to carry one’s point: less freq. 
in good sense): 0, is the kindred (vice) 
to perseverance, pert. perseverantiae fi- 
nitima est, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, fin.: cf.id. Fin. 
1, 8, 27: Caes. 2, pervicacia (in bad 
and, less freq., good sense): your o. and 
pride have compelled me to speak, p. tua 

510 








OCCASION 





et superbia coegit me loqui, Liv. 9, 34, 
fin.: Cic. Join: pervicacia et [in- 
flexibilis}] obstinatio, Plin. Ep. 10, 96 
(97), 3- 3. obstinatio : Plin. min. : 
v. supr. (1). Im Cic. prov. Cons. 17, 41, 
obstinatio animi—=unshaken resolution : 
and in earlier authors generally, the word 
denotes a good quality. 4, animus 
pertinax, pervicax, obstinatus: v. OB- 
STINATE. 
obstinate: ], pertinax: o. dis- 
cussions (in bad sense), p in disputando 
concertationes, Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 27: ano. 
struggle (well fought on both sides), p. 
certamen, Liv. 2, 40, fin. : along and o. 
illness, longa et p. valetudo, Plin. Ep. 1, 
22, 1. (he good sense is mostly ccn- 
fined to later writers.) 2. pervicax 
(for syn. v. OBSTINACY, I): V. STUBBORN. 
8, obstinatis (in good or bad sense) : 
a more o. (settld) determination, vo- 
luntas obstinatior. Cic. Att. 1, 11, med. : 
with o. determination, obs. animo, Liv. 
3, 477- 4, offirmatus (infreq.): Cic. 
Att. l.c. (in conjunct with obstinatus). 
Phr.: do sot be so o., ne tam offirma te! 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 8: ano. battle atrox 
proelium (attended with much slaughter), 
Liv. 21. 29. (N.B.—Not refractarius, 
which is extr. rare [contumaces ac re- 
fractarios. Sen. Ep. 72, imit.], and de- 
notes opposition, intractableness, rather 
than obstinacy: praefractus = over- 
severe, stern.) 
obstinately: 1, pertinaciter (for 
syn., v. preced, artt.): Quint.: Suet.: 
Plin. 9. pervicaciter: Liv.: Tac. 
3, obstinaté: Ter.: Caes. 4, expr. 
by modal abl., pertinaci voluntate, per- 
vicaci animo, etc.: V OBSTINATE, Obsti- 
nately set against. obstinatus contra 
aliquid, Quint. 12, I, Io: 0 bent on 
Jighting, obstinatus ad decertandum, 
Liv. 6, 3, fin. : to behave o., offirmare se : 
V. OBSTINATE. (Praefracte is inflexibly, 
sternly, rather than obstinately : cf. Cic. 
Off. 3, 22, 88.) 
obstreverous; *conviciis ac cla- 
moribus plenus: v. Norsy. (Not ob- 
streperus.) 
obstreverously : *cum maximo cla- 
more; omni genere convicii ac clamoris. 
obstruct: 1, obsépio, obstrue : 
Vv. TO BLOCK UP. 2. obsto, officio 
(with dat.: to be an obstruction in the 
way of): V. OBSTACLE. See also To 
HINDER. 
obstruction: v. opsTracite. (N.B.— 
Not obstructio; which occurs in Cic. 
Sext. 9, 22. but in different sense.) 
obstructive: expr. by verb: to 
carry out an o. policy, *nibil aliud 
(facere) nisi alienis consiliis officere 
atque obstare ; id agere ut aliis omnia 
asperiora atque impeditiora reddantur. 
obtain: |, Trans., to get pos- 
sesston of : 1, Aidipiscor, adeptus, 3; 
with p. part. in act. or pass. sense (usu. 
to secure by one’s own exertions): to o. 
the highest honours from the Roman 
people, summos honores a Populo R. 
adipisci, Cic. Clu. 42, 118: to 0. praise, 
laudem a. id. Off. 1, 19, 62: to 0. a vic- 
tory, victoriam a., Caes. B. G. 5, 39, 
extr.: Suet. 2. nanciscor, nactus, ¢ 
(to get by good luck, light upon): v. To 
GET (tnit.). 3, obtineo, ui, tentum, 2 
(strictly, to hold, keep; hence, to obtain 
that which is kept or likely to be so): he 
was about to o. the supreme authority in 
his own state, ipse suae civitatis im- 
perium obtenturus esset, Cues. B.G. 1, 3. 
Join: [sapientiam] obtinere adipis- 
cique, Cic. Leg. t, 22, fin. (N.B.—To be 
used with discrimination and sparingly.) 
4, invénio, répério, 4: v. TO GET 
(A., I., 3 and 4). 5, acquiro, quisivi. 
Itum, 3 (in addition to what one has): 
V.. TOVGAIN) GUL. 1): 6. conséquor, 
sécitus, 3 (with ref. to what has been 
an object of pursuit): to o. the highest 
honours, amplissimos honores c., Cic. : 
Pl. 5, fin.: too. that object (dominion), 
eam rem c., Caes. B. G. 2, 1, extr. So 
also, asséquor, 3: V. TO ATTAIN TO. See 
also TO Gary, II. (throughout). (6 
potior, 4 (usu. with ref. to dominion, 
political power): with abl., gen., and 








less freq. acc.): to 0. the spremacy of 
all Gaul, iniperio totius Galliae p., Caes 
B. G. 1, 2: lo 0, pussession of (the 
enemy’s) baggage and camp, impedi- 
mentis castrisque p., ib. 26: to 0. pos- 
session (mastery) of the city, urbis p., 
Sall. Cat. 475 also, urbe p. (to capture 
it; whereas urbis potiri denotes, lL. c., 
political ascendency). 8. impetro, 1 
(by request ; in answer to entreaty) : to 
0. @ province (by eager canvassing), 
provinciam imp., Quint. 6, 3, 68: to o. 
permission from any one, ab aliquo imp., 
ut...,Caes.B.G. 1.9: having o.’d leave 
tv remain, impetrato ut manerent, Liv. 
9, 30, /in.: V. TO PREVAIL ON. In same 
sense, exOro, I: to 0. one’s request with 
difficulty, vix exorare, Ter. Andr. 3, 4,13. 
Phr.: having 0d one’s wish or prayer, 
voti compos, Hor. A. P. 76: Liv.: also, 
voti damnatus (under obligation to pay 
a vow on account of the fulfilment of 
one’s prayer) Liv. 9, 37, extr.; and voti 
reus, Virg. Aen. 5, 237: to try to o. 
empty fame, inanem rumorem aucupari, 
Cic. in Pis. 24, 57. |]. Intrans., to 
have currency: téneo, ui, ntum, 2 (not 
so in Cie.): the custom has 0.’d, which 
gains ground daily, tenuit consuetudo 
quae quotidie magis invalescit, Quint. 2, 
init.: V. TO PREVAIL. 

obtestation: obtestatio: v. PROTEST, 
SUPPLICATION. 

obtrude: inculco, ingéro, intriido : 
Vv. TO INTRUDE. Phr.: thoughts which 
o. themselves upon us against our will, 
*eae cogitationes quae invitis nobis ac 
repugnantibus se objiciunt atque in- 
culcant. 

obtrusive: molestus; qui se nobis 
moleste infert atque intrudit: v. TO IN- 
TRUDE. 

obtrusively; se ingerendo: cf. Plin. 
Pan. 86, med.: v. INTRUSIVELY, 

obtuse: |. In geometry: obtiisus:* 
ef. Lucr. 4, 355 (angulus obtusus longe 
cernitur omnis): also, hébes, @tis: 
Front. p. 32, Goes. |]. Mentally ; 
lacking acuteness. 1. hébes: an o 
judge, judex h., Quint. 4, 2, 66: Cic. 
Join: hebes et tardus (sensus), Cic. Ac. 
Tio, ate 9, rétisus: Cic. Div. 1, 36, 
Jin. (where ingenia retusa are opp. to 
acuta). 3, obtisus (used fig. of both 
the senses and the intellect ; more freq. 
of the former): Join: hebes et ob- 
tusus, Cic. in Lact. 3, 14, med.: Virg. 
See also DULL, STUPID. 

obtusely : v. STUPIDLY. 

obtuseness: hébétido (rare): Macr. 
Usu. better expr. by adj.: what o. is 
this! *quam sunt haec ingenii hebetis 
atque retusi ! 

obverse (s/bs.): *superficies (facies) 
numismatis obversa. 

obviate: nearest words, 1, occurro, 
ri, sum, 3 (to take measures against any- 
thing hostile or injurious; usu. with 
personal subject or as pass, impers.: 
with dat.) : I shall try to 0. both (evils) 
to the best of my ability, utrique rei 
occurram quantum potuero, Nep. Pel. 1: 
this was lone to 0. its seeming that...., 
occursum est ne viderentur, etc. Val. 
Max. 8, 5, «: ef. Cic. Verr. 4, 47, 105, 
sentio, judices, occurrendum esse satie- 
tati aurium animorumque vestrorum. 

2. obviam eo, 4, irr. (like preced. ; 

but usu. denoting direct antagonism : 
v. TO FACE, RESIST): disgrace was 9.4 
by the show of natural affection, specie 
pietatis obviam itum dedecori, Tac. A. 
13 5,extr.: cf. ib. 4,64, where obv. ire 
(without case), signifies, to obviate an 
evil. 3, may often be expr. by né: 
to o. this (evil), *quod ne fieret, ne usu 
veniret, etc,: v. LEST, THAT (not). 

Obvious: apertus, perspicuus, mani- 
festus, etc.: Vv. MANIFEST. 

obviously: aiperté: to state what is 
o. false, aliquid ponere a. falsum, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 75, 306: v. CLEARLY. 

occasion (subs.): |. Opportunity: 
oceasio: v. OPPORTUNITY. Phr.: to 
give o. for doing anything, ansam dare 
ad aliquid faciendum, Cic. Am. 16, fin.: 
PL.: to give o. for suspicion, locum sus- 
picioni dare, Cic. Coel. 4, init. (the use 





OCCASION 


—— eee 


of ansa implies that some one else is on 
the look out for something to lay hold of : (1V.). 


OCCUPY 





| 10, init, ; alicui rei vacare: v.10 OCCUPY 


(N.B,—Often not directly expr. : 


locus, simply that there is room for @ | e. g., 0. with reading, writing, etc., le- 


thing to be done or looked for : V. ROOM) : 
what an o. (lit. window, or as we say, 
“door’ ) you are opening for wickedness, 
quantam fenestram ad nequitiam pate 
facis! Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72: ano. of great 
glory, materies ingentis decoris, Liv. 1, 
39, med.: to give o. for envy, materiem 
jnvidiae dare, Cic. Vb. 11, 9, 21: materies 
(-a) is also used in wider sense; im order 
not to give Nero any 0. (viz. of displea- 
sure or ill-will) against him, ne quid 
materiae Neroni daret, Suet. Gal. 9. 
(N.B.—The expr. occasionem captare, 
occurs Auct. Harusp. 26, 55 = to watch 
for a favourable opportunity. It cannot 
be used tor to seek occasion against, 
whic: may be expr. by, ansam s, mate- 
riam [reprehensionis, etc.) quaerere.) 
I]. Incidental cause: perh. causa 
adjuvans, antecedens, proxima: Cic. 
Fat. 18, 41. (Causa proxima is perh. 
the best expr. for common use.) Ih. 
Emergency: tempus: Vv. EMERGENCY. 
occasion (”.): expr. by alicui rei 
ansam or locum dare; materiem (-am) 
dare or praebere: v. preced. art. (Oc- 
casionem dare=to present an oppor 
tunity.) 
occasional: i. ©. occurring from 
time to time as occasion is given: 
o. sallies, *eruptiones per occasionem 
factue. fair weather with o. squalls, 
*tempestas plerumque serena, cvorien- 
tibus spatio intermisso procellis : he was 
listened to attentively, though with o. 
interruptions, *cum silentio auditus est 
exceptis paucorum conviciis subinde 
factis: 0. poems, *carmina nullo satis 
certo consilio sed prout data est materies, 
condita (composita). 
occasionally : |. As occasion 
offers : per occasionem, occasione oblata : 
¥. OPPORTUNITY. I]. Now and then: 
1, subindé (from time to time: 
mostly, regularly): cf. Suet. Cat. 50, 
mentis valetudinem et ipse senserat, et 
subinde de secessu deque purgando 
cerebro cogitavit, i.e. at times: Liv.: 
Col. 9. spatio interjecto; intermisso 
temporis spatio: v. INTERVAL, 3, raro 
very occasionally) : V. RARELY. 4. 
aliquando: v. SOMETIMES. 
occidental: occidentalis, e: Vv. 
WESTERN. 
occiput: occipitium: Plin.: Quint. 
Also occiput, cipitis, m.: Pers. 1, 62. 
occult; occultus, arcanus, caecus: 
V. SECRET. 
occupancy; sometimes possessio 
(distinguished from dominium, owner- 
ship): esp. used of 0. of the public lands : 
vy. Smith’s Antiq. p. 38: ef. Dig. 41, 2, I. 
occupant: possessor (esp. with ref. 
to the public land: v. Smith’s Ant. p. 
38): or expr. by verb: v. TO occUPY. 
occupation: |. The act of taking 
possession: expr. by occiipo, téneo: v. 
TO OCCUPY. I]. Occupancy: q. v. 
II]. 2mployment: 1, quaestus, us 
grew of livelihood) : ef. Cic. Off. 1, 42, 
nit., where quaestus and artificia com- 
prise trades or means of getting money 
on the one hand, and skilled occupations 
on the other, 2. négotium (opp. to 
otium: anything which it is obligatory 
todo): my leisure is caused by lack of o., 
nostrum otium negotuii inopia constitu- 
tum est, Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2: v. BUSINESS. 
8, occtipatio (an engagement): in 
the midst of the most important 0.s, you 
never intermit...., in maximis occ. 
nunquam intermittis...., Cic. Or. ro, 
34. (Occupatio is not merely something 
that is done, but something that must 
be attended to.) Phr.: having no par- 
ticular o., otiosus, ef. Cic. Off. init. : 
having plenty of o., negotiosus, Sall. Cat. 
8 (v. BUSY): when one has no (other) o., 
quum est otium, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 59. 
occupied (part. adj.): 1, oceti- 
patus (having an engagement) : Cic. Sen. 
10, 32. 2, négotiosus (very much o.): 
V. OCCUPATION (/iv.). Phr.: to be o. 
about anything, alicui rei operam dare 
(to give due attention ta it), Cic. Leg. 2, 








gens, scribens, etc.: cf. Hor. S. 1, 3, 64.) 
occupier: possessor: esp. with ref. 
to public land: v. Smith’s Ant. p. 38: 
more freq. expr. by verb: v. TO OCCUPY. 
occupy: |. Vo take possession : 
1, ocetipo, 1 (esp. to 0. with troops, 

as a military position): he 0.s the touns 
each with one cohort, (oppida) singulis 
cohortibus occupat, Caes, B. G. 1, 11: 
Cic. Join: (praesidiis) obsidere atque 
oceupare, Cic. Agr. 2, 28, init. 2, ob- 
sido, 3 (to o. with hostile intent: the 
correl. obsideo, 2, denotes actual state 
of occupation: v. infr. 11): to 0. (take 
up a position on or by) a bridge, pontem 
obs., Sall. Cat. 45: to o. the Italian 
coasts, ltulos obs. fines, Virg. Aen. 7, 
334: Cic.: cf. swpr. (2). 8, insido, 
sedi, 3 (to take up a position in or upon : 
to which insideo stands related as ob- 
sideo to ob=ido): he 0.’d three hills, tres 
tumulos insedit, Liv. 8, 24, ad init. : 
you (the plebs) 0. the Aventine, Aven- 
tinum insedistis, id. 9, 34: he 0.’d the 
citadel with troops, arcem militibus ob- 
sedit, ib. 26, 44, init. (N.B.—Insedi is 
strictly the perfect of insideo; but ap- 
pears to be used in common for the two 
verbs. The imperfect tenses of insido 
are mostly contined to poetry: v. TO 
SETTLE.) 4, capio, cepi, captum, 3 
(oft. to take by force; but also to take 
up a position) : to o.an eminence, locum 
editum c., Sall. Jug. 58: Liv. I. Zo 
be in possession of: 1, téneo, ui, ntum, 
2 (most gen. term): all the hills were 
o.d by the army, omnes colles ab exer- 
citu tenebantur, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, extr.: 
Evander had o.’d those regions many 
ages before, & multis ante tempestatibus 
ea tenuerat loca, Liv. 1, 5, init.: so, of 
the occupation of a house, Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 
init. 9. obsideo, sédi, ssum, 2 (usu. 
with hostile intent): when armed men 
o’d all the approaches, quum omnes 
aditus armati obsidérent, Cic. Ph. 2, 35, 


fin.: also in gen. sense, all space ts 0. 


by body, corporibus omnis obsidetur 
locus, Cic. N. D. 1, 23, extr. 3, insideo, 
sedi, ssum, 3 (to be posted in or on): 
Mago will show you the post you are to 
o. (for ambuscade), Mago locum mon- 
strabit quem insideatis, Liv. 21, 54, ad 
init. (= quem teneas, paulo supra): 
the Britons had hitherto 0.’d the hill- 
tops, Britanni adhuc summa collium 
insederant, Tac. Agr. 37: Plin. min. 
(N.B.—Cicero uses in and abl. after 
insideo: but the direct acc. is common 
in later writers.) 4, intrans. consisto, 
sliti, stitum, 3 (to 0. a position; be 
posted): the ground which they 0.’d, 
locus in quo constitissent, Caes. B. G. 1, 
13: the forces of the Britons 0.d the 
higher ground, Britannorum acies edi- 
tioribus locis constiterat, Tac. Agr. 35. 

Il]. Zo take up, cover or fill: com- 
pleo, etc.: v. TO FILL, Also obsideo, 2 
(to o. completely): v. supr. (II. 2). 

IV. To engage: 1, occtipo, 1 (to 
take up in such a way as to preclude 
other things): this cause will o. the first 
months, haec causa primos menses oc- 
cupabit, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 10, med. 
Esp. in p. part. occupatus: they are 


chiefly 0.d about ...., mMagnam pariem 
in....occupati sunt, id. Tusc. 4, 5, 
init.: V. ENGAGED. 9, t&neo, 2 (to 


engage the attention of ): to be 0.’d (or 
interested) about the same pursuits, 
iisdem studiis teneri, Cic. Fam. 7, 33: 
more fully, aliqua re occupatum teneri, 
ef. id. Coel. 19, 44- 8, in pass. sense, 
versor, 1 (to be taken up or engaged 
with: foll. by in and abl.): to ve o.’d 
with some pursuit and art, in aliquo 
studio et arte v., id. Tusc. 1, 24, extr.: 
eloquence is o.’d (concerned) with the 
usage and speech of men, dicendi ratio 
in hominum more et sermone v., id. de 
Or. 1, 3, 12: so, to be much o.'d with 
anything, in aliqua re multum et saepe 
v., id. Quint. I, 3. 4, in pass. sense, 
vaco, 1 (strictly, to have leisure for, and 
so in Cic.: hence, to be 0.’ with same 





OCEAN 
literary or recreative pursuit: with 
dat.): Plin. Ep. 3. 5, 15. Wlir.: to be 


entirely o’d about something, totum se 
in aliqua re ponere, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 44: 
cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 2, totus in illis, quite 
taken up or 0.'d with them: to be very 
much o.’d, maximis occupationibus im- 
pediri, Cic. Fam. 12, 30: ¥. TO DISTRACT 
(1.). Y. Inmilit.sense, to keep occupied, 
engage the entive attention of: di- 
stringo, nxi, ctum, 3 Hannibal should 
be sent into Africa to 0. the Romans, 
H. in Africam mittendum esse, ad di- 
stringendos Romanos, Liv. 35, 18, extr.: 
Flor. 
occur: |. To take place, avise: 
], incido, cidi, 3: when any war 
0.8, quum aliquod bellum inc., Caes. 
B. G. 6. 15: cases often 0., when...., 
inc. saepe tempora, quum... ., Cie. Off. 
I, 10, init.: even in standard authors 
blemishes 0., in magnis quoque auc- 
toribus, inc. vitiosa, Quint. to, 2, 16. 
9, incurro, 3: odd moments 0, sub- 
seciva quaedam tempora inc., Cic. Leg. 
1,3,9: 00. ona certain day, in ali- 
quem diem inc., id. Att. 7, 7: Suet. 
3. obvénio, 4: if any emergency 
should o., si quae necessitas obvenerit, 
Cic. Off. 2, 21,74: Pl. Phr.: when an 
opportunity 0.8, occasione data, Cic. Ph. 
7, 6, 18; so, occasione oblata, Suet. Caes. 
73. See also TO HAPPEN. (N.B.—Not 
occurro in this sense.) |], 70 be found 
in this or that author: expr. by eésse, 
scriptum vel positum esse, etc. (Kr. 
rightly condemns such phrr. as, locus oc- 
currit, locutiones s. sententiae occurrunt 
apud....): the enthymeme which 0.8 in 
the speech of Cicero for Cn. Plancius, 
id enthymema quod est in oratione M. 
Tullii, qua pro Cn. Plancio dixit, Gell. 
1, 4, init.: in the 3rd: book of Q. Qua- 
drigarius these words 0., in Q. Quadri- 
garii tertio libro verba haec sunt, ib. 
1, 7, med.: the same author freq. uses 
scriptum est: cf. l.c., in M. Tullii ora- 
tione quae est de imperio Cn. Pompeii 
ita scriptum esse, i.e. the following words 
o.: et pass.: this word o.s tn the first 
book, (in) primo libro verbum hoc po- 
situm est, Macr. Sat. 3, 2, med. +: or expr. 
by reperio, invenio: there 0.s the passage, 
ibi reperitur, ib. 3, 7, med,: the same 
thing o.s in Virgil, invenies [invenitur, 
invenietur) idem apud Virgilium, ib. 4, 
4: in Virgil these four styles o., apud 
Maronem haec quatuor genera reperies, 
ib. 5, I. II]. Zo come into the mind: 
1, in mentem vénit: if anything 
o.s to you, si quid in m. venerit, Cic. Att. 
12, 36: it 0.’d to him to impose a duty 
on wine, ei in m. venit, ut vini porto- 
rium institueret, id. Font. 5, init. : also 
foll. by inf., id. Div. 2, 26, extr. (Similar 
is, in buccam venire, to o. at randum, 
come into one’s head: Cic, Att. I. 12, 
extr.) 9. succurrit, it, 3: I feel in- 
clined to write whatever 0.s, ut quicque 
s. libet scribere, Cic. Att. 14, 1: Liv.: 
Virg. 3. occurrit, it, 3 (to present 
itself to the mind, whether unsolicited or 
not): ef. Cic. Fin. 4, 17, 47, quodcunque 
in mentem veniat, aut quodcunque oc- 
currat : also, id de Or. 2, 24, 103, Statim 
animo occurrit, the question at once pre- 
sents itself. 4, sibit, 4, irr. (like 
succurrit and in mentem venit, denoting 
the unprompted vise of suggestion in the 
mind) ~ then the thought o.d to them, 
deinde cogitatio animum subiit, Liv. 36, 
20, ad init. (foll. by infin.) : also mentem 
subit, Ov. M. 12, 472. 3. incidit, it, 3: 
if this thought had not od to me, quae 
cogitatio si non incidisset mihi, Cie Att. 
13, 32: more fully, in mentem incidere 
id. Fin. 4, 16, 43. Phr.: J will note 
down the lines which 0. to me, qui 
(versus) se dederint obvios adnotabo, 
Macr. Sat. 5, 3, wrt. 
occurrence: ust. res: V. CIRCUM- 
STANCE, EVENT. Or expr. by neut. of 
adj.: in case of any lucky or adverse 0., 
si quid secundi evenisset, si quid adversi 
accidisset, Nep. Alec. 8. 
ocean (adj.): dcéanus: Cic. Rep. 6, 
20- Caes. Also, mare oceanum (adj.): 
Tac. H. 4, 12 (al. mare oceanus) : nex! 
{ srt 








OCEAN 





ODOUR 


OF 





the o., proximus mare oceanum, Caes. 
B.G. 3,7. In fig. sense (colloq.), maré: 
cf. Sall. Cat. 23, maria montesque pol- 
liceri. 

ocean (adj.): Océinensis, e: epith. 
of Bononia (Boulogne): Num. in Eckhel. 
8, p. 110. Or gen. of oceanus: v. OCEAN. 

ochre: Ochra (Gr. Sypa): Plin. 35, 
6, 12: Cels.: pure Lat., sil, silis, n.: 
Vitr. 7, 7, init.: Plin. 33, 12, 56. Of 
the colour of o., silaceus, Plin. 35, 7, 32. 

octagon: octogonum (octag.): Vitr. 
1, 6, fin. 

octagonal: 1, octdgonos, on (oc- 
tag.): an o. tower, turris o., Vitr. 1, 6, 4, 

2. octangiilus: Apul. 

Octahedron: octangula sphaera : 
Apul. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 595: also, octa- 
hedros, i, f.: Capell. 

octangular; octangiilus: v. ocra- 
GONAL, 

octave: octava sonorum finitio s. 
terminatio, [quae] appellatur diapason 
(Gr. a macwv): Vitr. 5, 4, fin. Or 
perh. intervallum octavum, cf. ib. § 6 
(intervallnm septem vocum, Kr.). 

octavo: book size: in octavo (sc. 
scriptus, impressus): Drakenb. introd. 
Sil. Ital.: forma octonaria, Wyttenb. in 
Kr.: royal o., (liber) formae octavae 
majoris (maximae), Wyttenb. in R. 
and A, 

octennial: octennis, e (eight years 
old): Amm. 18, 6, med. (Acc. to anal. 
of triennis, capable of being used in 
present sense.) 

octennially : *octavo quoque anno. 

October: October, bris, m.: Col.: 
Pall. With mensis: in the month of 0O., 
mense Octobri, Vell. 2, 56: the 1st of 0., 
Kalendae Octobres, Mart. To denote 
a brew of ale, *cerevisia Octobris. 

octogenarian: octogénarius (homo): 
Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 2. 

octosyllabic; octdsyllabus: Mar. 

ict..: 6. verse, *octosyllabi, orum: 
after anal. of hendecasyllabi (Plin. min. : 
Cat.). An o. word, *verbum octo syl- 
labarum. 

octroi (Fr.): portdrium: v. pvr, 
subs. (11.), 

ocular: expr. by dciilus, conspectus, 
etc.: to give (as it were) o. demonstra- 
tion of anything, apertum aliquid ante 
omnium oculos ponere, Cic. R. Am. 36, 
imit.: so, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2, in oculis 
clarissimae provinciae positum esse (but 
the notion conveyed by these and like 
phrr. is publicity rather than mere ocular 
evidence) : cf. id. Fin. 5, 1, 2, ipsum ali- 
quem in conspectu ponere (to set him 
before one’s very eyes). Phr.: to get o. 
demonstration of guilt, rem manifesto 
deprehendere et ob oculos positum 
habere, cf. Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 4, et supr.: 
nocentes adhuc flagranti crimine (depre- 
hendere), Just. Cod. 9, 13, 1: 0. decep- 
tions, *falsa species oculis objecta ; quasi 
mendacium oculorum. 

ocularly: *oculis, per oculos. 

oculist: ocularius medicus: Cels. 6, 
6, 8, mit.: also ocularius (subs.): Scrib. : 
and ocularius chirurgus, Inscr. The 
form gcularis also occurs: v. Lat. Dict. 
&. Vv. 

odd: |. Not even: impar, aris: 
an even or o. number, numerus par, 
impar, Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 32: to play at odd 
and even, ludere par impar, Hor, S. 2, 3, 
248. I]. Left over and above round 
numbers or entire quantities: 1, sub- 
sécivus (spare): 0.moments (tn intervals 
of business), 8. tempora, Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 
g; temporum velut subseciva, Quint. 1, 
32, 13: So, a thing to be attended to at o. 
times, res s., Sen. Ep. 53, 10. 2. with 
ref. to round numbers, extra numerum 
{justum): cf. Pl. Men. 1, 3, 1. Il. 
Strange: insdlitus, insdlens, nOvus: v. 
UNUSUAL, STRANGE. V. Curious, 
droll: 1, perh. facétus: cf. Cic. de Or. 
3, 54, 219, imitatores et narratores fa- 
ceti. Vv. WITTY, DROLL. 2. ridiculus 
(exciting laughter, funny): as exclam. 
ridiculum! how odd! ‘Ter. Andr. 3, 1, 
16: V, LAUGHABLE. 

oddity: i.e. an odd or peculiar per- 


son: *homo festiva (ridicula) quadam | 


512 











ratione ceteris discrepans: never was 
such an o., *nihil fuit unquam tam ridi- 
culum tamque ceteris dissimile. (Ridi- 
culum caput [R. and A.] is silly fellow! 
and monstrum, homo monsiruosus [ib.], 
denote something revolting rather than 
comical.) 

oddly; ridiculum in modum; inusi- 
tato more: v, LAUGHABLY, STRANGELY. 

oddness: |. Of numbers: expr. 
by impar: to numbers belong evenness 
and o., *numerorum proprium est, pares 
aut impares esse: v. opp (I.). il. 
Strangeness : expr. by adj.: nothing 
could exceed the o. of the sight, *nihil 
potuit magis inusitatum magisve ridi- 
culnm esse. 

odds (subs.): Phr.: to be at o. with 
any one, dissidére ab aliquo, Cic. Sext. 
19, extr.; d. cum aliquo, id. Ac. 2, 47, 
143: and where a mutual relation is 
denoted, d. inter se, id. Att. 1, 13 (but 
the expr. is less collog. than Eng.): 
they are at o., lites sunt inter eos factae 
Iaximae (they have had a desperate 
quarrel), Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 8: to bet any o., 





quovis pignore certare (to lay any wager 
you please), Cat. 44, 4: more precisely, 
*quamvis iniquo pignore certare, foll. 
by ni, Pl. Epid. 5, 2, 33: to lay o. of a 
talent to a florin, in tuum talentum in 
nummum alterius pignus dare, cf. Pl. 
Lc. 35: the o. were all in favour of the 
Romans, *Romanis secunda atque op- 
portuna omnia; contra hostibus iniqua 
atque adversa: to have greatly the o. of 
ary one in anything, aliqua re multo 





superiorem esse: Vv. ADVANTAGE (I1.); 
SUPERIORITY. 

odious: |. Paciting hatred : ddi- 
Osus, inyisus; or expr. by odio esse: 
Vv. HATEFUL. Il. Exciting disgust : 
foedus: @ most o. creature (the bug), 
animal foedissimum, Plin. 29, 4, 17: a 
most 0. monster, monstrum foedissimum, 
Cic. in Pis. 14, 33: Vv. LOATHSOME. 

odiously: 1, ddidsé (less strong 
than Eng.): v. OFFENSIVELY. 2. 
tetre or taetre (very offensively, revolt- 
ingly): cf. Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60, multa 
facere impure atque tetre: v. REVOLT- 
INGLY. (N.B.—Invidiose—in a way 
characterized and attended by ill-will 
and odium.) 

odiousness: foeditas (foulness, re- 
vollingness): Cic. Or. expr. by odium: 
to express the o. of cruelty, *verbis ex- 
primere quanto sit omnibus odio cru- 
delitas: v. HATEFUL. See also opIuM. 

odium: invidia: to be the object of 
o., esse in invidia, Cic. Att. 2, 9, 2; ex 
inv. laborare, id. Clu. fin.: to involve 
(be attended with) o., inv. habere, id. 
Agr. 2, 26, 70: attended with o. (of 
things), invidiae plenus, ib. § 68: to en- 
deavour to excite 0. against an y one, in 
aliquem inv. quaerere, id. Rab. Post. 
17, 46: to incur o. axd unpopularity, 
(apud homines) invidiam [offensionem- 
que] suscipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 55, 137. 
Hence, invidiosus, bringing o.: id. Agr. 
2, 26, 68 (possessiones inv., referring to the 
occupancy of public land): also, covered 
uitth o. (of @ person), id. Clu. 58, init. 
Adv. invidiose, in a manner calculated 
to bring 0. on any one: id. Mil. 5, 12 
(meam potentiam invidiose criminaban- 
tur): also, under circumstances of 0., 
Vell. 2, 45 (invidiosius expulsus, with 
ref. to Cicero), See also UNPOPULARITY, 

odontology: *odontologia quae hodie 
dicitur. (Or expr. by de dentibus.) 

odoriferous:; Odorifer, tra, érum: 
Prop. Also, suavis, suavedlens (poet.), 
Odoratus: v. FRAGRANT. 

odoriferousness: suavedlentia (v. 
rare): Sid. 

odorous: odératus: v. FRAGRANT. 

odour: Lit.: Odos, Gris: v. 
SMELL. In concrete sense, liquid 0.s, 
liquidi odores, Hor. Od. 1, 5, 2. Il. 
Repute: Phr.: to be im very bad o., 





flagrare infamia, Cic. Att. 4, 18, 2 (con- 
sules flagrant inf., quod....); dedecore 
et infamia opertum esse (a stronger 
expr. still), id. Clu. 22, 61: a less strong 
expr. is, male andire (to be ill-spoken 
of), id. Tusc. 5, 40, init. to get into 


bad 0. with any one, apud aliquem invi- 
diam offensionemque suscipere, id. Verr. 
2, 2, §5, 137: V. REPUTE. 


Odyssey: Odysséa: Cic.: Ov. 


of: |. Denoting the relation of one 
subs. to another: 1, expr. by gen.: 
pass. N.B.—This constr. cannot be used 
(a) when the latter subs. denotes the 
same thing as the former (apposition: 
as, urbs Roma, insula ‘fenedos, where 
the gen, can never stand) : nor (b) when 
the latter subs. denotes a quality of the 
former, except when an adj. is attached 
to the latter (hence, a man of genius, 
vir ingeniosus or vir magni ingenii : 
mever vir ingenii); nor (¢) when the 
latter subs. denotes the material of 
which the former is made (a statue of 
marble, statua marmorea, never statua 
marmoris): nor (d@) in indicating the 
place of any one’s birth (a man of 
Athens, Atheniensis; never vir Athena- 
rum). 2, sometimes instead of gen. 
a prep. may be used, to define more 
exactly the relation between the two 
Subss.: e. g. the news of (= concerning) 
the death of Titurius had not yet reached 
him, nondum ad eum fama de Titurii 
morte perlata, Caes. B. G. 5, 39: much 
Slattery of (= addressed to) Augusta on 
the part of the Senate, multa patrum in 
Augustam adulatio, Tac. A.1 14: fear 
of (arising from, caused by) the Em- 
peror, metus ex Imperatore, ib. 11, 20 
(a constr. not to be imitated). I]. In 
partitive sense : 1, expr. by gen. 
(after all words which denote a part of 
a number ; including comparatives and 
superlatives, Zumpt § 429): that at 
least one of the consuls should be ap- 
pointed from the commons, ut consulum 
utique alter ex plebe crearetur, Liv. 6, 
35, med: so also with uterque: you 
will greatly oblige both of us, utrique 
nostrum gratum admodum feceris, Cic. 
Am. 4, 16 (but in pl., hi utrique, both 
of these; not horum utrique): thou 
mightiest of princes, maxime principum ! 
Hor. Od. 4, 14, 6: the elder of (two) 
young men, major juvenum, id. A. P. 
366: Cic.: (to do anything) best of all, 
optime omnium, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, extr. 
(N.B.—This constr. is not used with 
words signifying a part of a single 
whole ; in which case an adj. usu. occurs 
in agr. with subs.: e. g. the top, bottom 
of a tree, summa, ima arbor, etc.: L. G. 
§ 341.) 2, expr. by preps. de, ex, and 
less freq. inter: a few of our men are 
slain, pauci de nostris cadunt, Caes. B. G. 
I, 15: one of them, unus de illis, Cic. Mil. 
24, 65: one of the many (the commen 
herd), unus de multis, id. Off. 1, 30, 109 
(also, unus e multis, id. Fin. 2, 20, fin.) : 
the keenest of all the senses, acerrimus ex 
omnibus sensibus, id. de Or. 2, 87, 357: 
one of the soldiers, quidam ex militibus, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 42: Croesus richest of 
kings, ille Croesus opulentissimus inter 
reges, Sen. Contr.: Mela, N.B.—(1). 
Instead of either the gen. or a prep., 
must be used an adj. in agreement with 
its subs., when the whole are included : 
e. g., but a few of us survive, nos pauci 
supersumus: cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 6, 13, veni- 
amus ad vivos, qui duo e consularium 
numero reliqui sunt, i. e. two of whom : 
so, how many are there of you? quot 
estis? the prep. of denoting a kind of 
apposition, not separation. (2). After 
the dualizing words alter, uter, neuter, 
uterque, the gen. is preferred: after a 
superlative, the gen. denotes absolute, 
unqualified superiority, as a thing be- 
yond doubt: when de ov ex is used, the 
objects compared are placed more on a 
level. (3). After words not included in 
the preced. two cases, the use of a prep. 
is usual in prose, not of a genitive. 
I]. To denote the material of which 

a thing is made: 1, ex: esp. after 
the verb facio: a statue of bronze, statua 
ex aere facta, Cic. Verr. 2, 21, 50: Varr.: 
also without facio: cups of gold, pocula 
ex auro, ib. 4, 27, 62 (but this constr. is 
less fit for common prose). 2. de 
(mostly poet.: constr. like preced.): @ 








OFF 


statue (made) of marble, factum de 
marmore signum, Ov. M. 14, 313: J will 
build a temple of marble, templum de 
marmore ponuam, Virg. G. 3, 13: Tib. 
So of transformations: to make a cap- 
tive of a king, captivum de rege facere, 
Ustay, 2. 8. expr. by adjj. in -eus, 
-nus: e. g. made of wood, marble, fir, 
oak, ligneus, marmoreus, abieguus, ilig- 
nus, @lc.: V. WOODEN, etc. IV, De- 
noting quality or description : AE 
expr. by gen. or abl., but only when the 
latter subs. has an adj. joined with it 
(L. G. §§ 274, 318): a man of the highest 
talents, vir summae indolis or summa 
indole; summi ingenii 07 summo inge- 
nio: pass. 2. when the second subs. 
has no adj., represent the Eng. subs. by 
an adj.: thus, a thing of beauty, res 
pulchra ; id quod pulchrum est: see cor- 
responding adjj. V, Io denote cause: 
expr. by abl.: ¢ g. to die of a disease, 
of hunger, of cold, morbo, inedia, frigore 
perire: L. G. § 317 VI. = About, 
with reference to: de: Y. CONCEBNING. 
VII. Insepurable from certain verbs; 
as to smell of, taste of, consist of: v. T0 
SMELL, etc. 
off (prep. and adv.): |. Adv., at 
a distance: usu. with words denoting 
distance; as, far off, a long way off, 
procul, longé: to be a long way off, 
longe abesse: v. FAR, DISTANT. L 
As modifying the sense of certain verbs : 
e.g. to bear off, auferre; to come off 
(victorious, elc.), discedere; to make off, 
se in pedes conjicere, etc.: see the 
several verbs. |||, As tnterj.: Phr.: 
off with you! aufer te modo! PI. Rud. 
4, 3, 104: hince vos amolimini! Ter. 
Andr. 4, 2,24. See also Away. IV. 
Of geographical position, lying at a litile 
distance from the coast : 1, expr. by 
objiiceo, ui, 2 (to lie opposite or off); in 
connexion with which may be used 
p. part. objectus, lying off (with dat. or 
contra and acc.) : (islands) which lie off 
the promontory of Taurus, quae contra 
Tauri promontorium objacent, Mela 2, 
7: these (islands) lie off the coasts of 
Thracia and Greece, hae Thracum Graio- 
rumque terris objacent, ib. : Leuce, lying 
off the mouth of the Borysthenes, Leuce 
rysthenis ostio objecta, ib. In sim. 
sense, adjaceo, to lie close to: they iie off 
the coasts of Asia, Asiaticis regionibus 
adjacent, ib. 9, contra: v. OPPOSITE 
TO. 3, procul: usu. denoting a con- 
siderable distance, but used by Virg. of 
places lying off, but in view (pro ocu- 
lis): ef. Aen. 5,124, est procul in pelago 
saxum spumantia contra littora: also 
id. I. 6, 16. V. Denoting condition, 
supplies, etc.: Phr.: to be well off for 
provisions, for the necessaries of life, 
frumento commeatuque abundare ; iis 
rebus quae sunt necessariae (ad vitam) 
abundare, cf. Cic. Sen. 16, 56 (villa 
abundat porco, a to be badly off for 
provisions, a re frumentaria laborare, 
Caes. B. G. 9, 10: he was poorly off even 
Jor fodder, ne pabuli quidem satis magna 
copia suppetebat, ib. 1, 16: lo see that 
(the community) are well off for all the 
necessaries of life, consulere ut earum 
copia rerum sit, quae sunt necessariae, 
Cic. Off. 2, 21, 74: to be well off for lei- 
sure, otio abundare, id. de Or. 1, 6, 22: 
Athens was well off for writers of genius, 
provenere (Athenis) scriptorum magna 
ingenia, Sall. Cat. 8 (so, to be badly off 
may be expr. by minus provenire). 
off (adj.): ultérior, us: Vv, FARTHER. 
offal: |, Zhe waste parts of meat: 
*viscerum partes quae cibo inutiles sunt ; 
pecudis ob cibum caesi cor, pulmones, 
ceteraque ejusmodi. Il. Whatever is 
useless and vile: quisquiliae: v. REFUSE 
(subs.). 
offence: _ |. Displeasure; also that 
which is calculated to displease: 1, of- 
fensio (strictly, the act of wounding any 
one’s feelings: also, the state of mind 
thus caused in another): to avoid giving 
0. (making oneself unpopular), offensi- 
onem vitare, Cic. Mur. 20, init.: to take 
. and to banish it from the mind, of. 
aecipere atque deponere, id. Att. 1, 17, 





OFFENSIVE 


OFFER 





ad init.: to cause any one so great 
0. alicui offensionem tam gravem [et 
commutationem tantam voluntatis] af- 
ferre, ib, (But to give o., must be expr. 
by offendo: v. TOOFFEND.) 2, offensa 
(the state or position of one who has 
given offence, esp. to a great man, and 
incurred his displeasure): Cic. Att. 9, 2 
(magna in of. sum apud Pompeium, i. e. 
am under his displeasure) : Suet. Vesp. 4. 
Phr.: I saw he had taken o. at some- 
thing, videbam subess¢ fei] nescio quid 
opinionis incommodae, Cic. Att I, 17: 
to refuse to take o., injurias tclerare, ib. : 
easy to take o. and easy to dvop it, irri- 
tabilis et placabilis, ib.: without o., bona 
venia (Vv. LEAVE, subs.). See also IN- 
JURY, AFFRONT. I]. Cause of stum- 
bling: *scandilum (Gr. oxavéa.ov) : 
Vulg. Matt. xviii. 7, etc.: Vv. STUMBLING- 
BLOCK. Il. Something done amiss : 
1, d@lictum or peccatum (gen. term): 
Cic.: Hor.: Vv. SIN, FAULT. 2. noxa 
(criminal) : Caes. B. G. 6, 16: Dig.: v. 
crime. Phr.: it is an 0. against 
morality, contra bonos mores est: v. 
CONTRARY TO, 
offend: |. Zo incur any one's dis- 
pleasure : 1, offendo, di, sum, 3 (to 
wound any one’s feelings, to affront : 
with acc.): to 0. any one by deed, word, 
look, of. aliquem re, verbo, vultu, Cic. Bal. 
26, init.: also with prep., he had o.'d 
the common people (lost favour with 
them) in the matter of the treasury, 
apud plebem de aerario offendisse, id. 
Att. 10, 4, 2. Foll. by imfin.: he was 
o’d at anything being composed about 
him, componi aliquid de se offendebatur, 
Suet. Ang. 89: Phaedr. (not so in Cic.). 
Q, luedo, si, sum, 3 (to injure or 
wrong in any way: stronger than 
offendo, and indicating the nature of the 
act by which offence is given; whereas 
offendo indicates more directly the feel- 
ing provoked): what deity being 0.'d, 
quo numine laeso, Virg. Aen. 1, 8: to 
o. no one by abusive speech, nulli 1. os, 
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10: cf. Nep. Att. 11, 
neque laedebat quenquam, etc. (he 
never did anything to 0. any one). 
3. expr. to be o.’d at by st6machor, 
1 (to fret, be irritated at anything): 
the old man was 0d if I had said 
anything too harsh, stomachabatur se- 
nex si quid asperius dixeram, Cic. N. D. 
I, 33, fin.: foll. by ob and acc., Hor. Ep. 
I, I, 104. 4, (also in pass. sense) 
aegre féro, patior (to be annoyed at 
anything): Ter.: Cic. (but the expr. de- 
notes veration at something that has 
taken place, rather than offence taken 
against a person: cf. Ter. Andr. I, I, 
IIo, redeo inde iratus atque aegre ferens, 
angry and mortified or vesed: so mo- 
leste, graviter fero): Vv. VEXED, TO BE. 
||. Zo be displeasing to: offendo, 3: 
to o. the ears (of harsh diction), aures of., 
Cic. Or. 44,150. With ref. to that which 
offends or shocls the moral sense, con- 
scelerare aures, Liv. 40, 8, fin. Il. 
To transgress: pecco, 1: to 0. from vg- 
norance, ignoratione (rei) p., Cic. Or. 21. 
jo: with acc. of neut. pron., so to o., 
talia p., Ov. Pont. 3, 7, 10. IV. To 
offend against: 1, vidlo, 1 (to violate 
laws): Vv. TO BREAK (III.), viovaTé. 
2. pecco, 1: foll by in and acc.: 
if I have in aught 0.'d against you, si 
quid in te peccavi, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 5 
Vulg. Luc. xv. 21 (peccavi in coelum). 
V. To cause to stumble (morally): 
only in N. T., scandalizo, r: Vulg. Matt. 
Xvili. 6. 
offended (part. adj.): 1. offen- 
sus: 0. feeling, of. [et alenaah ani- 
mus, Cic. Att. 1, 17: compar. offensior 
(somewhat o.), ib. 1, 5. Q. aversus: 
o. friends, a. amici, Hor. S. 1, 5, 29: 
Cic.: v. UNFRIENDLY. 
offender: peccator, f. -trix: for 
which pres. part. of pecco may mostly 
be used: L. G. § 658. 
offensive: |. Causing offence or 
displeasure : 1, expr. by displicére, 
odio esse, offensionem habere: vy. TO 
TISPLEASE 3 HATEFUL; OFFENCE. 2. 
ddidsus (highly disagreeable, objection- 
2L 








able): an o, class of people, o. genus 
hominum, Cic. Sen, 20, 71: he did many 
o. things, multa odiosa fecit, Nep. Ale 
2, extr.: an o. word, verbum o., Cic. Or. 
8, 25. 8. foedus (extremely o., revolt- 
ing): ef. Cic. Rep. 2, 26, quo (tyranno) 
neque tetrius, neque foedius, nec diis 
hominibusque invisius animal ullum 
cogitari potest: Vv. REVOLTING, HATEFUL. 
|]. Disagreeable to the senses: 1. 
gravis (with ref. to smell: strong, ranic) 
0. water-snakes, g. chelydri, Virg. G. 3, 
415: Hor. (but not always in bad sense, 
cf. Plin. 25,.9, 70, odore suaviter gravi) 
Also grave olens, Virg. Aen. 6, 201; 
and as one word, Apul. 9. foetidus 
Vv. FETID. 8, fastidiendus (exciting 
nausea or disgust: rare): Plin. 25, 7, 
38. 4, pittidus (esp. offensive to good 
taste): practices (on the part of spealcers) 
disagreeable and o,, molesta et putida, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 13, extr. (where, immedi- 
ately after, odiosus occurs as strengthened 
syn.). Dimin., putidulus (somewhat so): 
Mart. Il]. Opp. to defensive: expr. 
by bellum inféro, 3, i7.: not to act on 
the o., but the defensive, bellum non in- 
ferre sed defendere, Caes. B. G. 1, 44: 
the Romans were acting on the defensive 
rather than the o., Romani arcebant ma- 
gis quam inferebant bellum, Liv. 10, 28, 
init.: they were strong enough to assume 
the o., inferendo quoque bello satis pol- 
lebant, ‘ac. H. 3, 55 (R. and A.): a 
league 0. and defensive, *foedus ad infe- 
rendum nihilominus quam defendendum 
bellum initum, 
offensively: 1. Sdidsé: Cic. de Or. 
2, 65, 262: PI. Q. piitidé (so as to 
offend good taste): Cic.: V. OFFENSIVE 


(1,4). . 

offensiveness: expr. by adj.: v. 
OFFENSIVE. 

offer (v.): A, Trans.: |. Ze 


present for acceptance or rejection: 1, 
porrigo, rexi, ctum, 3 (to hold out for 
acceptance): to 0. any one the hand, 
dextram alicui p., Cic. Deiot. 3, 8: too. 
any one a sword to kill, gladinm alicui 
p. ad occidendum, id. Mil. 3, exér. (tig.). 
Q, offéro, obtiili, latum, 3, 7r.: a 
soldier 0’d a drawn sword, miles strictum 
obtulit gladium, Tac. A. 1, 35, fin.: they 
od the spoil to Chrysogonus, praedam 
Chrysogono obtulerunt, Cic. R. Am. 3%, 
197: esp. in such fig. exprr. as, offerre se 
ad mortem (to 0. or expose oneself Lo 
death), id. Tusc. 1, 15, init., ete. 8, dé- 
féro, 3, irr. (implying superiority im 
the person offering): Dummnoriz had af- 
firmed that the throne was o.’d him by 
Caesar, Dumnorix dixerat sibi a Caesare 
regnum deferri, Caes. B. G. 5,6: too. the 
enemy (terms of) peace, pacem hostibus 
d., Liv. 23, 13, med. (but, excepting in the 
imperfect tenses, defero is always ¢o be- 
stow). 4, do, 1, irr.: strictly to give; 
but capable of being used=to offer, in 
imperfect tenses. 5, profiteor, fessus, 
2 (to o. freely, cheerfully) ; he o.s his aid 
for that purpose, se ad eam rem profite- 
tur adjutorem, Caes. B. G. 5, 38. Join: 
profiteri atque polliceri, Cic.: v. To PRO- 
MISE. |]. Zo present in worship or 
sacrifice: offéro, 3 (late in this sense): 
Vulg. Luc. v. 14, et pass.: Prud. See 
also to sacrifice (macto, sacrifico, ete.). 
Phr.: to o. prayers, worship, to the gods, 
preces, cultus diis adhibere, Cic. N. D. 1, 
yep II]. In fig. sense, to present 
(itself) to the mind: occurro, 3: V. TO 
PRESENT (itself). IV. Zo make use 
of, apply : Phr.: to o. violence to any 
one, vim alicui afferre, Cic. Caec. 21, 615 
adhibere, id. Off. 3, 30, 110; specially, to 
a woman, stuprare ; stuprum mulier 
inferre, Cic.: Vv. TO DEBAUCH. B. In- 
trans.: |, To arise, occur: Phr.: 
when opportunity 0.8, occasione oblata, 
etc.: v. TO occuR (I.). |]. Zo volun- 
teer: profiteor, 2: v. cupr. (A., L, 5). 
offer (subs.): Phr.: to make or ac- 
cept o.s of peace, pacem deferre, accipere, 
Liv. 23, 13, med.: to make an o. (a bid), 
conditionem ferre, Pl. Rud. 5, 3, 51. &@ 
reject an o., conditionem respuere, Caes 
(Vv. PROPOSAL). 2 make a lady an 0. 
*mulieri conditionem deferre. 
53% 


OFFERING 


OFFSCOURING 


OFT, OFTEN 





offering (subs.): 1, dodnum: Cic. 
Rep. 2, 24: Liv. 9. oblatio (=Gr. 
tpoapopa’ late): Vuly. Eph. v. 2, etc. : 
Preces Missae. See alsu SACRIFICE. 
offertory: offertorium (lite): Isid. 
Or. 6, 19, 24: where it is enumerated 
among the parts of public worship: in 
the R. Cath. service, the term denotes 
that portion of the service of the mass 
in which the host is offered, oblatio mis- 
tae: Preces Missae. (Acc. to Forcell. 
the word denotes the place of offering: 
but this sense is not supported by the 
passage in Isid. to which he appeals.) 
(N.B.—Avoid such roundabout exprr. 
as, *ea pars cultus divini qua pecuniam 
in usum pauperum conferimus: but the 
term offertorium may be properly qua- 
lified by, quod [apud nostratesj dicitur, 
quod [nostrates } dicunt ) 
office: |. Special duty: officium, 
minus, partes (cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 51, aliae 
enim sunt legati partes, aliae impera- 
toris); or expr. by gen. after verb fo be; 
or neut. of poss. pron., meum es, etc.: 
v. DUTY. || An official position or 
function : ], magistratus, Us: tv 
enter upon o., m. inire, Cic. Ph. 3, 1, 25 
ingredi, Sall. Jug. 43: to remain in o., 
in m. manere, Liv. 5, 11, med.: to exer- 
cise the h ghest o., summum m. exercere, 
ib. 7, 33. (Concerning the high offices to 
which this term applies, v. Dict. Aut. s. 
v.) 2. porestas (uf a magistratus : to 
be carefully distinguished from potentia, 
unconstitutional power): the practorian 
0., p. praetoria, Cic. Man. 24, 69: the tri- 
bunician o., tribunicia p., Sall. Cat. 38, 
init.: comp. Lex in Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9, 
imperia, potestates, legationes, i. e. mili- 
tary and civil o.s and embassies. 3. 
miunus, éris, n. (includes any task or 
function) : to have enjoyed all the honours 
and os of state, honoribus et reipublicae 
muneribus perfunctum esse, Vic. de Or. 
I, 45, 199: to sustuin the consular o. 
(though not actually consul), cousulare 
m. sustinere, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, med.: 
you have fulfilled your o. tell, laute m. 
administrasti tuum, Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 2: to 
fulfil a public o. undertaken, susceptum 
reipublicae m. explere, Cic. prov. Cons. 
14, fin. > instead of munera, may be used 
as pl. munia, but only in nom. and acc. : 
he proceeded to discharge the 0.s of em- 
pire, munia Imperii obibat, ‘Tac. H. 1, 
77, init.: to sustain (the burden of) so 
tmpoi tant o.s, tanta munia sustinere, Cic. 
Sext. 66, 138. (But in Cic. at least, 
munus does not appear to be used in 
technical sense: v. DUTY). 4, expr. 
by praepono, praeficio (to appoint to an 
0.); praesum (fo hold an o.); with dat. 
of that over which management is exer- 
cised: holding the o. of chamberlain, 
praepositus cubiculo, Suet. Dom. 16: to 
appoint any one to the o. of finance 
minister, aliquem vectigalibus praepo- 
nere, ‘I'ac. A. 15, 18: to appoint to the o. 
of commander, imperatorem bello prae- 
ficere, Cic. Man. 16, fin.: holding the o. 
of censor of morals, praefectus moribus, 
id. Clu. 46, 129 (but praefectus is perh. 
oftener subs., and takes gen.; so, prae- 
fectus praetorii om praetorio, etc.: v. 
Lat. Dict. s. v.): to hold the o. of governor 
of @ province, praeesse provinciae, Sall. 
Cat. 42; also, in provincia, Cic. Verr. 3, 
57,180. Phr.: you have got a difficult 
o.! provinciam cepisti duram ! Ter. Ph. 
I, 2, 22: owt of o., *privatus; ab omni 
reipublicae administratione remotus (R. 
and A.) II]. 4ct of Ieindness or good- 
will: officium: to limit friendship to 
an interchage of good 0.s and kundly 
Feelings, amicitiam paribus 0. ac volun- 
tatibus definire, Cic. Am. 16, 58: v. 
SERVICE. [V, Formulary of devotion: 
“ officium: the o. for mass, of. missae, 
Alcuin. (Quich.): v. Du Cange, s. v. 
V. Place where business is attended 
to: 1, perh. tabalarium (record-o/iice : 
public): Cic. N. D. 3, 30,74: Liv. Also, 
tabularia: fr. in Non. 208, 29. ‘Tabuli- 
num (tablinum) is used of a chamber 
cevoted to a similar purpose in private 
houses: Plin. 35, 2,2 § 7: Vitr. 2). 
perh. *scriniarium (formed like tabula- 
514 





rium, etc.: scrinium, under the Empire, 
denoting an official porijolio or bureau) : 
but only of public offices. 3. in com- 
mercial sense, best expr. by mensa (cou7/- 
ter: ef. Germ. use of comptoti) : to oper 
an o. (for buying and selling), mensam 
(palam) proponere, Cic. in Pis. 36, 88: 
a banking o., argentaria (sc. mensa): 
Liv. 26, 29, init.: Cic. See also SHOP. 

officer: ]. expr. by praetfectus, 
praepositus (the former used both as 
part and as subs.; the latter only as 
part.): the (commanding) 0. of the 
guard, praefectus custodum, Nep. Eum. 
11: @ cavalry o., praefectus equitum, 
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12 (also, esp. in pl., with- 
out equitum: praefecti, the command ng 
officers of cavalry, as distinct from the 
tribuni militum or legionary 0.s, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 39, etc.): to choose o.s and obey 
them, praeponere electos, audire prae- 
positos, Tac. G. 30: v. oFFIcE (4). 2, 
abstr. for concrete, impérium (only pl. 
in this sense; and commonly of the su- 
preme military authorities): military 
o.s and magistrates, imperia, potestates, 
Lex in Cic. Leg. 3, 2, y: ef. Caes. B. C. 
3, 32, erat plena lictorum et imperiorum 
(lictors and other o.s). differta praefectis 
atque exactoribus (all kinds of ofiicials ; 
military and financial), See also com- 
MANDER, SUPERINTENDENT, etc.: accord- 
ing to the specific nature of the office 
held. 

official (adj.): Phr.: holding ano. 
position, *magistratum gerens, magistra- 
tui praepositus; av o. dispat h, * litterae 
publice scriptae (cf. Liv. 4, 13, med., 
Minucius, eandem publice curationem 
agens, quam Maelius privatim agendam 
susceperat): dressed in the o. robe, prae- 
textatus (the toga praetexta being worn 
by magistrates in time of peace), Cic. in 
Pis. 4, 8; trabeatus (the trabea being 
worn by kings and perhaps by augurs ; 
also by equites on state occasions), Ov. 
F. 1, 37: Tac.; paludatus (the paluda- 
mentum being worn by consuls taking 
the field), Cic. in Pis. 13, jfin.: Caes.: 
Liv. (Officialis, late and to be avoided.) 

official (subs.): minister (imperil, 
magistratiis, etc.): Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3 
(omnes ministros imperii tui, all your 
officials). Frequently, accensus, lictor, 
viator, may serve; these petty officers 
being the attendants on persons im au- 
thority (v. Lat. Dict. s. vv.): dn same 
sense, officialis: Ulp. Dig. 36, 4, 5 § 27, 
aul per viatorem aut per officialem prae- 
Jecti, aut per magistratus introducendus 
est in possessionem, 

officialism; *molestus accensorum 
lictorumque apparatus. 

officially: publice (by public au- 
thority): Liv. 4, 13, med.: Caes. 

officiate: viz. in religious ceremo- 
nies: expr. by rem divinam facere, 
operatum esse: cf. Cato RR. 143, he 
(the steward) must know that the master 
o.s on behalf of the whole household, scito 
dominum pro tota familia rem d. facere 
(but the phr. in itself denotes simply to 
engage in religious rites): he saw him- 
self (in a dieam) o.ing at a sacrifice, 
vidit se operatum, Tac. A. 2, 14, init. : 
Hor. The officiating priest who dis- 
patched the victims, was called popa or 
cultrarius (for which, minister, Lucr. 1, 
91): v. Lat. Dict. s. vv. 

officious: modlestus, ddidsus (gen. 
terms): cf. Phaedr. 2, 5, 4: v. TROUBLE- 
some. More precisely, *qui moleste se 
officiaqgue sua infert atque intrudir. 
(Officiosus = full of attentions, very 
obliging.) 

officiously : Sdidsé, molesté (in a 
troublesome, annoying way): v. preced. 
art. 

officiousness: *molesta s. odiosa 
sedulitas : cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 260. 

offing (swbs.): Phr.: they withdrew 
to the o., recepere classem in altum, Liv. 
21, 49, jin.: an island situated just in 
the o., insula littori proxima; quae est 
contra sinum, mare, etc., Mela 2, 7. 

offscouring: purgamentum (dirt, 


sweepings : both lit. and fig.): the o. of | 


this world, purgamenta hujus mundi, 





Vulg. 1 Cor. iv. 14. See also REFUSE 
(subs.). 

offset : |. A shoot, sprout: sur- 
ctilus, planta: v. SHOOT. I]. 4 com- 
pensation : expr. by aequo, compenso, I - 
v. TO COUNTERBALANCE. 

offspring: 1, libéri, orum, (of 
human beings): to have o. by a woman, 
ex muliere |. habere, Cic. Att. 16, 11, 
intt. : to beget o., 1. procreare, id. l'usc. 5, 
37, jin.: legally the term liberi included 
also grandchildren, great-grandchildren, 
etc. Call. Dig. 50, 16, 220. 92. nati, 
orum (young of men or animals: csp. 
puet.): affection for their o. (af horses), 
amor natorum, Col. 6, 29, jin.: su eet 
(dear) o. (of cattle), dulces n., Virg. G. 3, 
178: Ov.: Phaedr. 3, progénies, éi (cul- 
lectively, those more or less remotely de- 
scended from the same): the ancients 
called themselves the 0. of the gods, veteres 
se pr. deorum esse dicebant, Cic. Tim. 11: 
out of a numerous o., eX magna pr., Liv. 
45, 41, extr.- poet. with ref. to one per- 
son (= filius), Virg. Aen. 10, 471 (Sarpe- 
don mea progenies): Vv. VROGENY. 4, 
proles, is, f. (a poet. word = progenies ; 
yet adapted for occasional use in prose: 
Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153; where both proles 
and suboles are mentioned among exprr. 
which render a style more imposing und 
archaic, quibus loco positis, grandior 
et antiquior oratio saepe videri solet) : 
to bring forth twin o., p. eni:i gemellam, 
Ov. M. 9, 453: Virg. Of animals, Lucr. 
I, 260: Virg.: and even of plants: the 
0. of the slow-groving olive, p. tarde 
crescentis olivae, Virg. G. 2, 3. 5 
subdles or sobéles, is, f. (like proles: 
v. supr. 4): dear v. uf the gods! cara 
deum s.! Virg. K. 4, 49: Cie. Off. 1 14, 
54. Also used of animals: Col.: Plin. 

6. stirps, stirpis, 7. (chiefly poet. or 

late = progenies): mule o, by the new 
alliance, s. virilis ex novo matrimonio, 
Liv. 1, 1, extr.: Virg.: vV. LINEAGE, 
(N.B.—If used at all in prose, stirps 
should be confined to rhetorical lan- 
guage.)  %, génus, éris, m. (poet.): the 
daring 0. (=son) of Iapetus, audax Ia- 
peti g., Hor. Od. 1, 3, 27: Virg. (N.B— 
Prosapia= stock, family, lineage: never 
offspring.) 8, partus, ts (young of 
animals): beasts fight for their o., 
bestiae pro partu propugnant, Cic. Tuse 
2, 27, jin. 9, expr. by participles, 
ortus, satus, éditus, génitus, natus (with 
abl.) : thou o. of Saturn! orte Saturno! 
Hor. Od. 1, 12, 59: the o. of Anchises 
(viz. Aeneas), satus Anchisa, Virg. Aen. 
5,244: thou o. of royal ancestors ' atavis 
edite regibus! Hor. Od. 1, init. (This 
last mode of expr. is best suited to such 
passages as Milton’s, Hail holy Light, 
0. of heaven Ave lux sacra, aethere 
prima genita !) 

oft, often: 1. saepe: pass. The 
compar. saepius is oft. used with quasi- 
positive sense: it needs tu be 0. (again 
and again) repeated, saepius est dicep- 
dum, Cic. Am. 22, 85:" Virg. Often 
strengthened, saepenumero (oftentimes): 
Caes. B. G. 1, 33: Cic. Very often, per- 
saepe, Cic. (N.B—Saepenumero, like 
saepius, lays more stress on the thing 
mentioned: cf. Cic. Sen. 2, intt., saepenu- 
mero admirari soleo, oftentimes, or again 
and again have I, etc.) 2. crébro 


| (frequently ; in close succession: whiere- 


as saepe denotes simply many times) . 
Vv. FREQUENTLY (where the use of tre- 
quens, frequenier, etc. is explained) 
3. compluries (a good many times 
infreq.): Cato in Gell. 5, 21, extr.: Pl 
4. how often, so often, quoties, toties 
(neither necessarily implying any iarge 
number of times): how o. did night 
overtake him... ., quoties illum nox op 
pressit...., Cic. Sen. 14, 49: as o. as, 
toties .... quoties, id. Fam. 9, 7: Liv. 
Virg. Hence, how o. soever, as 0. as ever 
quotiescunque ; foll. by toties as correl, 
Cic. Clu. 18, 51. Pretty o., aliquoties ; 
Cie. Leg. 2, 4, 9: Liv. (N.B—Some- 
limes ‘expr. by frequent. verb: to cry 
ovt 0, again and again, clamito; to 
write 0. scriptito: etc. See the several 


| verbs.) 








OGEE 


ogee: *figura quae ogiva dicitur 

ogle (v.): perb. limis oculis intuer 
(ef. Quint. 11, 3, 76, limi et ut sic dicam 
venereisc.oculi. but the adj. limus means 
n-thing more than looling as/eance, 
traunsversa tuens, Virg. E. 3, 8): or, 
furtim iniueri (to look at stealthily): 
¥. TO LOOK AT. 

ogre’ Dearest word perh. larva: ¥ 
GHOst, HOBGOBLIN. (Or by circumL., 
*monstrum commenticium quem nos- 
tratvs ogrum fingunt.) 

oh: v. 0. 

oil: Gleum (poet. Slivum, Hor. S. 2, 
4, 50, pisces perfundere olivo: Virg.): 
to put betier o on the vegetables, caules 
ungere o. meliorl, Hor. 5. 2, 3,125 Cic.: 
0. of the jest quality, primae notae 
oleum, Col. 12, 50, ud init. ; more gene- 
Tally, 0. probum, ib. fin.: common or 
infer o., o. cibarium (like panis ci- 
barius), ib. fin. > to make o., 0. conticere, 
ib. init.; facere, ib. 51, init.: 0. for per- 
Jumery, 0. ad unguenta, ib.: to masce o. 
from myrtle-berries, 0. ex bacis myrti 
conficere, Pall 2,17: rancid 0., 0. ran- 
eidum, ib. 12,21. Pertaining to o., vil-: 
olearius: the wine- or o.-cellar, cella vi- 
naria, olearia, Cato R. R. 3: Cic.: an o.- 
maker or dealer, olearius (subs.), Col. 12, 
50, med.: having the nature of o., 
oleaceus (Vv. OILY): prepared with o., 
oleatus: Coel. Aur. 

oil-cloth : “textile crassum pigmentis 
oleatis inductum atque distinctum. 

oil-colour: *pigmentum oleatum : 
to paint in o.s, *ex oleo pingere (?). 

oil-lees: Amurca (scum or dregs): 
Cato. Virg. 
ogilman: blearius: Pl. Capt. 3, 1, 29: 

’ 

l 


oil-press: torciilar, aris, n.: Col. 1, 
6, med.: Plin. Also trapétum: Col. 12, 
50, med.: the gen. terms mola and pre- 
lum being also used, ib. 50, med. and 52. 
Aman who works at an o., torcularius, 
Col 12, 50. 

oil-shop: *taberna olearia. 

oily: 1, dleaceus (like oil): an o. 
fluid, liquor o., Plin. 35, 15, 51. oF 
Sledsus (full of oil, tasting of it): Plin. 
28, 9, 35. To have an o. tuste, oleum 
sapere: Vv. TO TASTE (intrans.). 

ointment: 1, unguentum (per- 
fumed and used for purposes of luxury) : 
Col. 12, §2: Cic.: Hor.: v. UNGUENT. 
Also for medical use: saffron o., ung. 
crocinum, Cels. 3,18,etc. 2, collyrium 
(for medical purposes only): to anoint 
the eyes with blaci o., oculis nigra col- 
lyria illinere, Hor. S. 1, 5, 303; oculos 
collyrio inungere, Cels. 7, 7, 4: for its 
other uses, see Forcell. s. v. 3, céra- 
tum (a waz o. or salve, compounded 
from various oils: med. t. t.): to apply 
an 0. (cerate) of some oil, c. ex aliquo 
oleo imponere, Cels. 3, 19: cf. id. 6, 7, 1, 
ceratum ex irino (ole s. unguento) aut 
cyprin factum. M.L. Phr.: to apply 
0. to the eyes, oculos medicamentis inun- 
gere, Cels. 7, 7, 6: to have o. applied, 
inungi, Hor, Ep. 1, 1, 29. 

old: |. Of persons or other living 
beings: 1. sénex, is ; compar. sénior ; 
no superl. (in posit., usu. as subs. = an 
old man; or as predicative adj.; less 
freq. as attributive, but only to mas- 
culine subss.: compar. used both as 
masc. aud fem. adj.): no one is so o. 
as not to think...., nemo est tam senex 
qui non putet, Cic.Sen. 7.24: the und 
the young, senes ac juvenes, Hor. Od. 1, 
28, 19° somewhat o., senior, id. S. 2, 5, 
107: an older (move matured) style, 
senior, ut ita dicam, oratio, Cic. Br. 43, 
160. (N.B.—Only by a figure of speech 
applied to other subss. than those denot- 
ing persons: such exprr. as senes porci, 
senes cygni, belonging to figurative or 
facetious diction ct. Juv. 6, 160. Mart. 
5, 37, mit.) 2, in compar. and super, 
major, maximus; with or without natu 
(denoting relative age, of persons only ; 
Eng., elder, eldest : whereas senex, senior, 
can be used only of people actually old) : 
Ennius was elder than t’lautus, Ennius 
fuit major natu quam Plautus, Cic. Tuse. 
1, 1, extr.: the elder of two sons, ex 





OLD 


duobus filiis major, Caes. B.C. 3, 108: 
more than twenty years o., major annis 
Viginti, Suet. Caes. 42: the eldest of 
Vriam’s daughters, maxima natarum 
Priami, Virg. Aen. 1, 654° also. maxima 
natu, ib. 5,644. (N.B.—Also occur, mag- 
70 natu [better than magnus natu}, very 
old, Nep, Paus.5: Liv. 2, 8° and maximo 
natu, eldest or oldest. Nep. Dat. 7, init. 
grandis natu, quite old, Cic. Sen. 4, 10; 
and tantus natu, sv old, I’L Bac. 1. 2, 
16: better, in prose, tam grandis natu.) 

3, toexpr. the exact age of a man 
or woman: natus, with acc. of the num- 
ber of years. almost ninety years o., 
annos prope XC. natus, Cic. Verr. 3, 25, 
62: in combination with major: more 
than forty years 0., anuos Datus major 
XL., Cic. R. Am. 14, 39: Nep.: Liv. 

4, annosus (full of years: rarely 
of persons: puet.): an 0. crow, a. cornix, 
Hor. Od. 3, 17. 13: 0. avms (branches of 
a tree), a. brachia, Virg. Aen. 6, 282: 
@ very 0. woman, a. anus, Ov. F 2, 571. 

5, vétiilus (somewhat old, getting o. ; 
usu. a term of disparagement: the adj. 
vetus, of which this is a dimin., is not used 
to denote age in persons or animals, cf. 
infr. \1.): (a woman) quite o., and that 
has been more than once married, vetula 
et multarum nuptiarum, Cic. Att. 13, 29: 
horses that are getting o., v. equi, id. Am. 
19, 67: Col.: Juv. (Vetus is however 
used of trees: Virg. E. 3, 12, ad veteres 
fagos.) 6, grandaevus (of great age; 
a term of dignity): Virg.: Ov.: v. AGED. 
Phr.: to grow o., senescere, Cic. Sen. 11, 
extr.: also of animals, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8 
(solve senescentem mature equum) : 
Col.: and even of trees, Plin. 16, 27, 50: 
relating to 0. people, senilis: to have the 
sagacity of an o. man, senili esse pru- 
dentia, Cie. Div. 2, 23, 50: Hor.: Uv.: 
he lived to be nearly 109 years 0., prope 
C, contecit annos, Cic. Or. 52,176: when 
they are more than ten years o., quum 
excesserint annos decem, Col. 6, 21: 
Plin. (not so in Cic., who would prefer, 
amplius decem habere annos: cf. Caec. 
1g, 543; or (of persons only], majorem 
esse decem annis : v. supr. 2): he was so 
many years older than I, totidem annis 
mihi aetate praestabat, Cic. Br. 43, 161: 
also, to be older than any one, aliquem 
aetate antecedere, Just. 34. 3, med. 
(alicut aetate antecedere, Cic. Br. 21, 82 
= to be chronologically earlier than 
another): to die when extremely 0., pro- 
vecta aetate mori, Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, fin.: 
o. and infirm, detectus annis et deserius 
viribus, Phaedr..1, 21, 2; confectus se- 
nectute, Cic, Rub. perd. 7, 21: to become 
0. (reach old-age), senectutem adipisci, 
Cic Sen.2,4. |], Notnew: 1, vétus, 
éris: 0. ships, v. naves, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: 
o. friendships, v. amicitiae, Cic. Am. 19, 
67: an o. affront (not uet atoned for), 
v. contumelia, Caes. B.G. 1, 14: an o. 
poet, v. poeta, Ter, Andr. prol. 7. OA, 
velustus (esp. having the marks of age 
upon it): 0, sepulchres, v. sepulchra, 
Suet. Jul. 81: 0. pitch, v. pix, Col. 12, 
23, tnit.: eggs more than ten days o., 
ova vetustiora quam decem dierum, id. 
8, 5: 0. wines, v. vina, Piin 14, 7,9: an 
0. opinion (of long standing), v. opiniov, 
Cic. Clu. 1, 4. 3. obsdlétus (old and. 
worn out): 0. (shabby) clothes, vestis, 
Vestitus obs., Liv. 27, 34, med.: Cic. 
Phr.: (good) 0. wines, Vina quae vetus- 
tatem ferunt, Cic. Am. 19, 67: to keep 
wine till it is o., vinum servare in 
vetustatem, Cato R. R. 114. Ill. Be- 
longing to Jormer days: 1, antiquus: 
V. ANCIENT. Sometimes = “good old”: 
men of the good o. stamp, homines 
antiqui. Cic R. Am. 9, 26 cf. Ter. Ad. 
$, 3, 88, bomo antiqua virtute et fide 
(of the o. school of virtue and honour). 

2. priscus (belonging to early times) : 
the o. (early) race of men, p. gens mor- 
talium, Hor. Epod. 2, 2: ‘he 0. original 
Jorm of the cmstitition, p. illa et antiqua 
reipublicae forma, Vell. 2, 8g: Cic. (For 
pristinus, V OLDEN.) 8, vétus (of that 
uhich, though ancient, still subsists or 
has force}: V. ANCIENT. Very o., per- 
vetus: Segesta is a very 0. toun in Sicily, 





OLIGARCHY 


Segesta est oppidum pervetus in Sicilia, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 33, init. 

old, of; dlim, quondam: v. For 
MEKLY. 

— age: 1, sénectus, titis, f. ; for 
which, less freq. (not in Cic.), sénecta, ae 
(gen. term): to attain to o. age, 8. adi 
pirci, Cic. Sen. 2,4 a@ quiet, pleasant o. 
age, mollis et jucunda s., ib. 1, 2: 0. age 
is burdensome, disagreeable, s. est gravis, 
odiosa, ib. 2,4: to banish the annovances 
of 0. age, senectutis molestias abstergere, 
ib. 1, 2: the form senecta occurs, Ter. 
Ad. 5, 8, 31: Caecil. in Cic. Sen. 8, ete. 

__ 2, sénium (the decline and decay of 
life ; age as a period of infirmity) : not 
to be liable to disease or o. age, omni 
morbo seniove carere, Cic. Tim. 5, extr. : 
the o. age of Galba and (contrasted with 
it) the prime of Otho, s. G\bae et ju- 
venta Othoais, Tac. H. 1, 22: limbs 
bowed by 0. age, curvata senio mem- 
bra, id. A. 1, 34. 3, aetas provecta, 
Cic. Tuse. 1, 39, fin.; aet. decrepita 
(extreme), ib.; ultima aet., Suet. Gr. 3, 
ext. ; exacta aet., ib. 17 (decessit aetatis 
exactae): Vv. AGE. 

—fashioned: 1, prisc» ritu s. 
more; or simply priscus (cf. Catul. 64, 
159, Saeva prisci praecepta parentis, an 
0.fashioned austere parent): v. OLD 
CIL1., 2). 2. antiquus (of that which 
is both o.-fashioned and good): y. oLD 
Gik, 1): 3, vétustus (rare in this 
sense): cf. Cic. Br. 21, 83, Laelius vetus- 
tior et horridior quam Scipio. 

— man: sénex, is: v. OLD, 

— standing (adj.): 1, vétus 
éris: an 0. affront, v. contumelia, Cues 
B. G. 1, 14: Cic. 2. invétératus: an 
o.-standing friendship, inv. amicitia 
[opp. to instituta]}, Cic. Fam. 3, 9, 4: 
an 0.-standing evil, inv. malum, id. Ph 
5 XT, 21: 

— woman: 4nus, is: Cie.: Hor.: 
freq. implying contempt : what o. woman 
ts so silly as to fear those things, quae 
est a. tam delira quae ista timeat? Cic, 
Tuse. 1, 21, 48. 

olden (a4j.): 1, priscus (of early 
times): the o. strictness, illa p. severitas, 
Auct. Har. resp. 13, 27: according to o. 
custom, p. more, Ov. F. 2, 282: Tac. 
Rarely = former: the o. love ( former 
mistress), p. Venus, Hor. Od. 3, 9, 17 

2. pristinus (former, original: not 
like priscus referring to an age gone by, 
but to what is kept up frum the past): 
he should remember the o. valour of the 
Helvetii, reminisceretur p. virtutis Hel- 
vetiorum, Caes. B. G. 1, 13: the 0. usuge 
of courts, p. consuetudo judiciorum, Cic. 
Mil. init. Phr.: o. time, vetustas: 
contrary to all the precedents of 0. time, 
contra omnia vetustatis exempla, Caes, 
B. C. 1,6: in o. times, olim, quondam: 
Vv. FORMERLY. 

oldness: vétustas: e. g. of wine, 
Cato R. R. 114: of friendship, Cic. Ac. 
1, init. 

oleaginous: Oleacens: v. OMLy. 
(Oleaginus = pertaining to the olive.) 

olfactory: expr. by wlficio, 3 (to 
smell) ; olfactus, iis (the sense of smell); 
or nares, ium, f. (the nostrils, “ olf. 
organ’): to have very keen 0. nerves, 
sagacissime olfacere, Plin. 11, 37, 50: the 
0. nerves, *nervi qui ad olfactum adhi- 
bentur. (No such word as olfactorius.) 

oligarch: populi petentiae inimi- 
cus et optimarium (paucurum) potentiae 
fautor, Nep. Alc. 5 (in aim and policy) : 
the o.s (as a politicul body), pauci: v. 
OLIGARCHY (I1.). 

oligarchical: Phr.: ano. govern- 
ment, civitas quae optimatit.m arbitrio 
regitur, Cic. Rep. 1, 26; ubi penes de 
lectos (paucos, optimates) Summa rerum 
est, cf. 1. c.: to hold o. opinions, opti- 
matium fautorem esse, Nep. Ale. 5. 

oligarchy: |, An oligarchical go- 
vernment: paucorum fe’ principnum] 
administratio civitatis, Cic. Kep. 1, 28: 
the state itself being, civitas quae pau- 
corum (optimatium, principum) arbitrio 
regitur, cf. ib. 1, 26, sqq.; respublice 
quae a principibus tenetur, id. Div. 2, 
2,6. Phr.: we commonwealth has been 

515 


OLIO 





(virtually) turned into an o., respubtica 
in paucorum potentium jus atque di- 
tionem ‘concessit, Sall. Cat. 20, med. 
(N B.—Potentia pancorum is virtual, 
not lawful or constitutional o. ; civitates 
quae a singulis tenentur, Cic. Div. 2, 2, 6, 
are monarchical governments, not oli- 
garchies, as Kr. and others make them 
to be.) Ul. The members of an oli- 
garchical government: pauci, orum: 
Cic. Rep. 1, 28: the predominance of an 
o., paucorum potentia, Sall. Cat. 39, iit. : 
also called, optimates, Cic. Rep. 1, 26: 
Nep. Alc. 5; and principes (the aristo- 
cracy), Cic. Rep. 1, 26: Div. 2, 2,6: and 
(in hostile, depreciatory sense), factio, 
Sall. Jug. 31, init. (where opes factionis 
= potentia paucorum, id. Cat. 39, intt.). 
olio: perh. farrago, inis, f.: cf. Juv. 
I, 86. 
olive: Sléa, or less freq. Sliva (the 
latter seems to belong to the higher 
style: both used of fruit as well as 
of tree): the flower and fruit of the o., 
oleae flos, baca, Cic. Div. 2, 6, 16: ten 
species of o.s, olearum decem genera, 
Col. 8, 5: Cato: Varr.: Aristaeus, dis- 
coverer of the o., Aristaeus olivae in- 
ventor, Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45: Virg.: to 
preserve 0.5, oleas condere, Cato R. R. 58; 
to pickle them, condire, ib. 114. An 
0.-yard, olivétum: Cic. N. 1). 3, 36, init.: 
Cato: Col.: 0.-harvest, olivitas: Col. 12, 
50, tnit.; also, oléitas, Cato R. R. 68: 
of or pertaining to the o., oleaginus 
(also -ineus and -inius): an 0.-nursery, 
oleaginum seminarium, Cato R. R. 48: 
yielding 0.5, olivifer (poet.): Ov.: Virg. 
olive (adj.): |, Relating to olives: 
dlivarius: o. mills, o. molae, Pomp. Dig. 
33,7, 21. See also OIL-PRESS. il. OF 
the hue of the olive: nearest word perh. 
glaucus: cf. Virg. G. 4, 182 (g_ salix, 
greenish-gray): or perh. *vlivaceus: 
like cineraceus, herbaceus, etc. 
olive-yard; v. OLIVE, fin. 
Olympiad: Olympias, adis, f.: Cic. 
Rep. 2, 10 (as measure of time): Vell. 
To count time by O.s, *Olympiadum ra- 
tionem sequi; numerare annos ex Olym- 
piadum ordine (Kr.). 


Olympic: Olympicus: Hor. Od. 1, 
1, 2: a victory in the UV. games, O. certa- 
minis victoria, Just. 12, 16. Also, Olym- 
piacus: an O. crown, corona O., Suet. 
Ner. 25. The OU. games, Olympia, orum 
(sc. certamina): to set out jor the O. 
games, ad O. proficisci, Cic. Div. 2, 70, 
init. : to gain a victory in them, Olympia 
vincere, Enn. in Cic. Sen. 5, 14 (poet. = 
‘OdAvpmta vixav): so, coronari Olympia, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 50. 

omelet: perh. *laganum de ovis 
confectum. 

omen: 1, omen, inis,~. (gen. term): 
an o. of fate, 0. fati, Cic. Ph. 9, 4, extr.: 
ye gods, avert the o.! O di immortales, 
avertite hoc o.! ib. 4, 4, 10: with good 
0.8, (cum) bonis o., Liv. pref. fin.: with 
bad o.s, malis o., Cic. Sext. 33, 71. a 
auspicium (strictly, the act of watching 
for signs from birds; hence, the signs 
themselves ; and in gen., any prophetic 
sign, esp. if favourable) : we regard light- 
ning as a very favourable o., if it be on 
the left, fulmen optimum aus. habemus, 
si sinistrum fuerit, Cic. Div. 2, 18, 43: 
an auspicious o., felix aus., Just. 1, Io, 
med. So augurium, which generally = 
auspicium - she joyfully received the 0., 
accepit id aug. laeta, ib. 1, 34, med.: 
Virg. Aen. 2,703. 3, avis, is, f. (used 
in wide sense = omen: esp. poet.): 
with favourable o.s, bonis a., Ov. F. 1, 
513; secundis a., Liv. 6, 12, fin,: with 
al o.s, mala avi, Hor, Od. 1, 15, 5: Tib. 
Phr.: birds that give o.s by flight (aves) 
alites (or praepétes, cf.Virg. Aen. 3, 361); 
by cry, oscines, Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160: to 
draw o.s, augurari, ib.: to obtain favour- 
able o.s in sacrifice, litare (used later of 
the victim which yielded favourable 0.8) : 
Manlius had obtained highly favourable 
0.8, Manlium egregie litasse, Liv. 8, 9, 
ini’. esp. in pass. impers.: some obtain 
favourable o.s, others not, aliis litatur, 
aliis agp Htstar, Cic, Div. 2, 19, init.: 

51 








OMNIPOTENT 


hence, adv., litato, with favourable (sa- 
crijicial) o.s, Liv. 5, 38, init.: refrain 
Srom words of ill o.! (exhortation at 
sacrifices), favete linguis! Hor. Od. 3, 1, 
2: Cic. Div. 1, 45, 102. See also Pok- 
TENT, PRODIGY. 
omened;: only in comps. well-o., 
faustus, felix, etc. (v. AUSPICIOUS); tll-0., 
dirus, infaustus, obscaenus, etc.. Vv. ILL- 
OMENED. 
ominous: 1, Ominosus (rare): 
an o. circumstance took place, res 0. 
(usu. portentum or prodigium: v. POR- 
TENT, PRODIGY) accidit, Plin. Kp. 3, 14, 6. 
2. infaustus: more fully, infaustus 
omine, l'ac. H. 1, 6: Suet.: v. INAUSPI- 
CIOUS, ILL-OMENED. (Oftener expr. by 
omen, auspicium, portentum, etc.: his 
language seemed o. of fate, ejus oratio 
omen fati videbatur, Cic. Ph. 9 4, 9: 
to be or prove o. to any one, alicui omen 
facere, Plin. 15, 19, 21 § 83: to lool upon 
anything as 0., omen, augurium accipere : 


V. OMEN.) 
Ominously; Omindsé (v. rare): 
pseudo-Quint. Usu. better, malis s. in- 


faustis ominibus; malis avibus, etc.: 
V. OMEN. 

omission: 1. praetermissio ; Cic. 
Top. 7, 31. 2. more usu. expr. by 
verb; esp. praetermitto, rélinquo, 3: if 
there has been any 0. on the part of 
Antonius, si quid ab Antonio praeter- 
missum [aut relictum] sit, Cic. de Or. 2, 
29, 126: censure for o. of duty, praeter- 
missi officii reprehensio, id. Att. 11, 7, 
med.: an intentional 0. (on the part of 
an author), locus consulto relictus, id. 
Off. 3, 2, 9 (opp. to losus praetermissus, 
an unintentional one): sins of o., officia 
praetermissa atque relicta (comp. supr.): 
not simply delicta [R. and A.}, which 
oftener denotes actual offences : to supply 
occasional o.s, nonnulla quae intermissa 
videantur adjicere, Hier.: v. TO OMIT. 
(N.B.—The forms omissio and prae- 
teritio are v. rare and best avoided.) 

omit: 1. praetermitto, misi, ssum, 
3 (to let pass; not to attend to; pass 
over without noticing): I don’t 0. a 
single day (in writing), ego nullum 
diem pr., Cic. Att. 9, 14, fin.: to 0. no 
single token of respect tou ards any one, 
nullum erga aliquem officium pr., id. 
Fam. 1, 8, init. Join: aut prae- 
termittere aut relinquere, id. de Or. 
2, 29, 126: cf. preced. art. jin. 2. 
praetéreo, 4, irr. (to pass by, leave out): 
what I had nearly o.’d (to mention), 
quod paene praeterii, id. Att. 6, 3, 3: 
to o. letters or syllables (in writing), 
litteras, syllabas pr., Suet. Aug. 88. 
Join: praeterire ac relinquere, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 44, 106. 8. rélinquo, liqui, 
lictum, 3 (intentionally to leave unmen- 
tioned): esp. with another verb, as 
praetermitto, praetereo, Cic.: v. supr. 

4, omitto, 3 (usu. to leave off what 
has been begun; abandon: also, to leave 
or omit further particulars) : to o. every- 
thing else, ut omittam cetera (parenthe- 
tically), Cic. Br. 76, 266: so, Nep. Hann. 
2, ut omittam Philippum, to o. all de- 
tailed notice of Philip (as one exempli- 
fication of what is just before stated). 
5, transeo, 4, trr. (to pass over; 

make no mention of ): to o. all mention 
of many things, \nulta tr, Coel. in Cic. 
Fam. 8, 11, 3: Plin. min. 6. inter- 
mitto, 3 (to leave or omit at intervals): 
to o. to write (denoting a break in corre- 
spondence), litteras int., Cic. Fam. 7, 12, 
init. 

omnibus : 
rheda publica. 

omnipotence: omnipodtentia: he 
(Virgil) ascribes o. to fortune, Fortunae 
o. tribuit, Macr. 5, 16, med. (Or by cir- 
cuml., infinita s. immensa potentia: v. 
INFINITE,) 

omnipotent: omnipdtens, ntis: 
Virg. Aen. 8, 334: Macr. (who has 
superl. omnipotentissimus, Som. Scip. 1, 
17, med.) : Corp. Confess. Or expr. by 
circuml., *qui omnia efficere potest ; 
infinita s. immensa potentia (praeditus) ; 
cujus numini parent omnia, Cic. liv. 1, 
53, 120 (a somewhat rhetor. expr.). 


*vehiculum publicum, 











ON 





(N.B.—A circuml. is best for common 
prose ; though omnipoters may be used 
in theological writing.) 
omnipresence: expr. by circumL.: 
they teach the o. of deity, *Deum nus- 
quam non adesse docent; semper in 
omnibus locis adesse affirmant. (Omni- 
praesentia is barbarous.) 
omnipresent; *qui nusquam non 
adest; qui omnia numine suo complet. 
(Not omnipraesens.) 
omniscience: expr. by circuml.: 
we believe in the o. of God, *Deum omnia 
scire atque providere credimus; Deo 
cuncta aperta ac manifesta esse cre- 
dimus. (Ommiveientia is barbarous.) 
omniscient: *(Deus) omnia pro- 
videns et animadvertens: Cic. N. D. 5, 
20, 543; *qui nibil omnino nescit; cujus 
notitiam nulla res fugit, Cic. (in Kr.). 
(Not omnisciens.) 
3 omnivorous; omnivoérus: Plin. 25, 
» 53- 
on (prep.): |, Locally resting on: 
1, in (with abl.): to have a wreath 
on the head, coronam in capite habere, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 11, init.: to be mounted on 
a horse, in equo sedere, ib. 10, extr.: 
(the murder took place) on the Appian 
road, in Appia via, id. Mil. 6, 15: to seat 
oneself on a seat, in sella se ponere, Flor. 
1,13, med, (N.B.—The abl. is thus used 
even after verbs implying motion to- 
wards ; but the acc. is more freq. after 
verbs compounded with a prep.: e. g. 
to put any one on the rack, aliquem in 
equuleum imponere, Cic. Tusce. 5, 5, I 3-) 
2. siiper (denoting position directly 
over): V. UPON. 8. expr. by such 
p- partt. as, subjectus, suppdsitus (de- 
noting something to rest on): e. g. on 
rollers, phalangis subjectis, Caes. B.C. 2, 
10, extr.: they swam the river on their 
shields, caetris suppositis [incubantes] 
flumen tranavere, Liv. 21, 27, med. : 80, 
clypeo suo exceptum [regem] in castra 
referebant, they carried him back to the 
camp on his shield (Niagels. p.327). 4, 
when that which supports is at the 
same time an instrument used, expr. by 
abl. alone: esp. on foot, pedibus, Cic. 
Sen. 10, 34: on one’s knees, genibus, Liv. 
43, 2, init.: for which Hor. has (more 
poetically), genibus minor, Ep. 1, 12, 28. 
5, very often expr. by prep. in 
comp. ; when the relation is usu. denoted 
by dative : e. g., insideo, I sit on (insidere 
equo, to be mounted on a horse, Liv. 7, 6, 
med.) ; inciibo, I lie on (incubare stra- 
mentis, to lie on straw, Hor. S. 2, 3, 1 ” : 
v. TO LIk, SIT ON, etc. (N.B.—For the 
use of ON after verbs of motion, e. g. 
to lift on one’s shoulders, v. UPON.) 
Phr.: on the tribunal (or seat of jus- 
tice), pro tribunali (with the additional 
idea of publicity ; doing or saying some- 
thing publicly), Cic. Fam. 3, 9, init. ; 80, 
on the platform, pre suggestu, Caes. B.G. 
6, 3 (but, 17 tribunali sedere, Cic. de Or. 
I, 37, 168; and even in suggestu causam 
dicere, id. Div. 1, 54, 124): to hold con- 
JSerence on horseback, ex equo colloqui, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 43: on the ground, humi 
(v. GROUND). I|. In proximity to; so 
as in a figurative sense to rest upon: 
1, ad (with ace ): they ave situated 
on the Syrtis, ad Syrtim adjacent, Mela 
1,7: Numantia situated an the Douro, 
Numantia ad (Flor. las apud, 2, 18, int.) 
Durium (sita), Foreell.; for which Plin, 
bas apposita fluvio, 5, 29, 29 § 109: on 
the north, south, etc., ad septentrionem, 
etc., id. 6, 27, 31 § 134: V. NEAR. i 
in (with abl.): esp. of position on the 
sea coast: in littore, Mela, 1, 9, jin., et 
pass.: Plin. 5, 30, 32- in ora, id. §, 22, 18. 
Comp. oppidum littori impositum, ib. 
6, 20, 23. (N.B.—In flumine for situated 
on a river, is questionable Latin: though 
Plin, bas, imposita est be Lyco flu- 
mini, 5, 27, 29.) 8, a, ab (with abl.: 
on the side or in the direction of ): on 
the side of the Sequani and Helvetit, ab 
Sequanis et Helvetiis, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: 
esp. in such general exprr. as, ab oriente, 
ab occidente, on the east, on the west, 
Plin. 5, 14, 15, etc.: on the rear, the front, 
a tergo, a fronte, Cic. Ph. 3, 13, 32 








ON 


4, juxta (close to: with ace.):| 


a town on the river Narraga, oppidum j. 
fluvium Narragam, Plin. 6, 26, 30 § 123: 
so, juxta amnem, ib. § 135. 5, &, ex 
(with abi.): esp. in certain phrr.; on 
ali the other sides, hills surrounded the 
camp, reliquis ex omnibus partibus colles 
eppidum cingebant, Caes. B.G. 7, 69: 
on the opposite side, e contraria parte, 
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; also, e regione (a less 
definite expr. = over against): so, ex ad- 
verso: V. OPPOSITE. 6,. expr. by abl. 
alone: esp. in the phrr. dextra, on the 
right (hand) ; laeva, on the left: on the 
right and on the left, dextra laevaque, 
Liv. 21, 43, med.: Plin. 5, 10, 11: 80, 
on this side and on that, hac illac, Ter. 
Eun. 1, 2, 25: Cic.: Caes. Phr.: on 
every side, undique, Cic. Man. 11, 30: 
Caes.: (Babylon) situated on the Eu- 
vates, interfluo Euphrate (abl. absol.), 
in. 6, 26, 30 § 121. Wh. Fig. 

ranged with: a, ab (comp. Il., 3): esp. 
in pbrr., ab aliquo stare, facere, esse, 
to be on any one’s side, in favour of him 
(Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 1V.): to be rather 
on one’s own side than on that of one’s 
, Magis a te quam ab adver- 


sariis stare, Cic. Inv. 1, 43, 81: entirely | 


om my side, totum a me, id. de Or. 1, 13, 
init. To be on the side of, adjuvare, 
favere, etc.: V. TO HELP,FAVOUR.  |Y, 
Denoting logical basis or connexion : 
Phr.: on this condition, that...., ea 
lege, ut ...., Cic. Fam. 5, 13 (or demon- 
stratively, hac lege: the nature of the 
condition being given in a new sentence, 
without ut): on these terms (of a peace), 
his legibus, Nep. Timoth. 2: also, in bas 
leges {pax data], Liv. 33, 30, init.: so, 
ea conditione, foll. by si...., Caec. in 
Cic. Fam. 6, 7, ad fin. (conditio is a less 
formal expr. than lex): less freq., sub 
conditione, Suet. Tib. 44 (foll. by ut); 
sub lege ut, id. Aug. 21: on condition 
that, may also be familiarly expr. by 
ita ut, Cic. Fam. 13, 56 (imponam [onus}, 
ita, tamen, ut tibi nolim molestus esse). 
Phr.: on one’s word or honour, fide in- 
terposita, Sall. Jug. 32. V. Denoting 
an instrument played on: expr. by abl. 
alone : to play on the lyre, flute, etc., fidi- 
bus, tibia (tibiis) canere: v. LYRE, FLUTE, 
etc. Yj, Denoting a hanging, or fig. a 
ition: 1, 6, ex: tohang 
(be hanged) on a tree, pendére ex ar- 
bore, Cic. Verr. 3, 26, 66: Lucr. 6, g15. 
9, dé- she hung on her husband’s 
neck, de viri collo pependit, Ov. F. 2, 
760: to depend entirely on any one (be 
his dependant), de aliquo pendere, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 1, 105. Vi|. Denoting time 
when: expr. by abl. alone: on that day, 
on the following day, etc., eo die, postero 
die, etc.: passim. Y\||, Also of time: 
immediately after: 1, &, ex: Cotta on 
the termination of his consulate set out for 
Gaul, Cotta ex consulatu est profectus 
in Galliam, Cic. Br. 92, 318: they bathe 
immediately on awaking from sleep, 
statim ex somno lavantur, l'ac. G. 22, 
init.: Liv. 9. expr. by abl. absol. : 
on the completion of the circuits, con- 
ventibus peractis, Caes. B. G. 5, 2: et 
pass. 8. dé (rare in this sense). 
immediately on the close of the auction, 
statim de auctione, Cic. Att. 12, 3. 
IX. Concerning: de: sim: Vv. 
CONCERNING. X. Miscell. Phrr.: 
to have on hand (be engaged upon), in 
manibus habere, Cic. Att. 13, 47: on 
march, in itinere, Caes. B. G. 1, 35 iter 
faciens (while on march), Sall. Cat. 19: 
also ex itinere (denoting either inter- 
ruption of the march, or dispatch of men, 
letters, etc., from an army marching), 
ib, 35 (Catilina litteras ex itinere mittit): 
on high, sublimis (v. HIGH, L, fin.): on 
the wing, volans (v. TO FLY): on @ sud- 
den, repente, subito (v. SUDDENLY): on 
the alert, promptus, intentus: cf. Cic. Br. 
42, 154 (prompta et parata in agendo et 
in respondendo celeritas, i. e. a rapidity 
of mind ever on the alert): Sall. Cat. 6, 
med. (Romani domi militiaeque tntenti, 
festinare ...., on the alert, ready to use 
every advantage). to be on fire, ardere 
(v. FIRE, TO BE ON). etc. 





ONE 


on (adv.): |, Forward: porro: v. 
FORWARD. To go or move on, procedo, 
pergo: V.TO PROCEED. |], Continually: 
usque: we will drink on till daylight, 
usque ad diurnam stellam potabimus, 
Pl. Men. 1, 2,62: also absol., J with being 
beaten on, and he with beating on, are 
pretty well tived, ego vapulando ille ver- 
berando usque, ambo defessi sumus, 
Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 5. Sometimes expr: by 
de, ex, in comp. : 
the winds battling on, Hor. Od: 1, 9, 11. 

once: |. Numeral adv:, one time : 
sémel: Caes.: Cic.: 0. and again, s. 
atque iterum, Caes. B. G. 1, 31: Suet.: 
not more than o., non plus quam s., Cic. 
Off. 3, 15, 61° 0. in (his) life, s. in vita, 
id. Fin. 5, 30, 92: once....@ second 
time .... a third time....,semel.... 
iternm. .. tertio, Liv. 23,9, fin. Also 
(like Gk. dat) = once and for all: 
Cic. Deiot. 3, 9: Liv.- strengthened, 
semel (et) in perpetuum, Flor. 2, 12, 
init. I]. Denoting concurrence ; in 
phr. at once: 1, simul: she brought 
Forth two at o., {uno partu} duos peperit 
s., Pl. Am. 5, 2, 8: at o. elated and exas- 
perated, s. inflatus exacerbatusque, Liv. 
6, 18, med.: esp. with cum: to lose at o. 
the inclination and the hope of learning, 
voluntatem discendi s. cum spe discendi 
abjicere, Cic de Or. 2, 33, 142: V. TO- 
GETHER.  Q, uno tempore (at one and 
the sume time): Caes. B. G. 4, 23: Cic. 
Clu. 9, 28. 3, expr. by idem (when 
two things are predicated of the same 
subject: L. G. § 395): those who are at 
o. the surest and most zealous advocates, 
certissimi iidemque acerrimi patroni, 
Cic. Ph. 19, 8, 16: Caninius at 0. your 
friend and mine, C. tuus idem idemque 
noster, id. Fam. 9, 2, init. 4, expr. 
by cuncti, universi (all at once): esp. 
with simul: to do everything at o., 
cuncta simul agere, Sall. Cat. 42: they 
all at o. discharge their missiles at the 
enemy, in hostem tela universi conji- 
ciunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 44. — I. Denoting 
immediateness : 1, illico (on the spot, 
without interval or hesitation): ‘Yer. : 
Cic. 9, statim: v. IMMEDIATELY. 

IV. Jn time past: quondam, olim, 
aliquando: v. FORMERLY. 

one: |. Ascard.num.: 1, nus: 
pass. (N.B.—Used in pl. with subss. 
which though plural in form are vir- 
tually singular: e. g. one letter or epistle, 
unae litterae, Cic. Att. 14, 18.) g 
singuli, ae, a (distrib. = one by one; 
ome apiece): he began to eat (the frogs) 
o. by 0., coepit vesci singulas, Phaedr. 1, 
31, 11: he stationed o, legion at Brun- 
disium, 0. at Sipontum, o. at Tarentum, 
legiones s. posuit Brundisii, Siponti, 
Tarenti, Cic. Att. 9, 15: 0. priest for 
each ( god), 8. singulorum sacerdotes, id. 
Leg. 2, 12,29. Also adverb. singillatim 
(one by one, singly) or singulatim - Cic.: 
Caes.: v. SINGLY. One and a half, 
sesquialter, éra, érum (rare): Cic. Tim. 
7 (superdimidius, late: Capell.) = unus 
dimidiatusque (v. HALF): at one time, 
simul, uno tempore, etc. (v. ONCE, IL.) : 
the number o., monas, unio (Vv. UNIT, 
MONAD): 0. in ten, decimus quisque, 
Liv. 2, 59, extr : Cic. |]. Denoting 
agreement or virtual identity: expr. by 
idem : to have one (and the same) wish, 
idem velle, Sall. Cat. 20, ad init.: v. 
same. (N.B.—Esp. in connexion with 
unus: 0. and the same end, exitus unus 
et idem, Cic. Div. 2, 47, 97-) Phr.: it 
is all one (makes no difference), nibil in- 
terest (V. DIFFERENCE, I., 5) to be ato., 
consentire, idem sentire (v. TO AGREE) 
even the consuls were not altogether at o., 
ne inter consules quidem ipsos satis con- 
veniebat, Liv. 2, 23, fin. II. An tndi- 
vidual : 1. quidam, quaedam, quod- 
dam (a certain one: used when it is 
either unnecessary or undesirable to 
mention a name): 0. of the soldiers of 
the tenth legion, q. ex militibus decimae 
legionis, Cues. B. G. 1, 42: 0. of the ad- 
vocati, a person of the highest character, 
q. ex advocatis, homo summa virtute 

raeditus, C.c. Clu. 63, 177.- 2. anus 

where the individual is simply one of 


cf. deproeliantes venti, | 


ONE 


many, and not needing lo be named): 
then (said) 0. of the remaining (doves), 
Le. on behalf of the rest, vanc de reliquis 
una, Phaedr. 1, 31, extr.: 0. of the many 
(an ordinary person), unns de multis, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 66. IV. ‘With ref, to 
time ; not defined, either in the past or 
the future: Phr.: at o. time, olim, 
quondam (Vv. FORMERLY) 0. day, olim, 
aliquando: (v. HEREAFTER). . in 
contrast to the other : 1, hic, foll. by 
ille (when bic denotes that which is at 
| present under consideration): cf. Cic. 
Am. 2, Jo, hujus facta, illius dicta lau- 
dantur, ie. the deeds of the ome (viz. 
Cato ; who is the subject of discourse), 
the speeches of the other: Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. hic (4). Q. alter... alter; 
or when more than two persons (or 
things) are spoken of, dlius... dlius: 
the o. (mind) is shared by us with the 
gods, the other (body) with brutes, alterum 
nobis cum dis, alterum cum beluis com- 
mune est, Sall. Cat. init.: 0. thing is 
nature to a horse, another to an oz, 
another to a man, aliud equo est natura, 
aliud bovi, aliud homini, Cic. Fin. 5, g, 
26: when difference or contrast is indi- 
cated, alius ...alius may even be used 
of two objects: cf. Cic. Coel. 3, 6, aliud 
est maledicere, aliud accusare (where 
alterum would have been much less 
forcible). Alius also sometimes follows 
aliquis: cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 6c, putat 
aliquis, esse voluptatem bonum: alius 
autem pecuniam (where aliquis is how- 
ever more definite than alius would be. 
referring to Epicurus). (N.B.—Alius 
often occurs in different cases in the 
same sentence = one... one; other... 
other: e.g. alium alio mittit: he sends 
0. in 0. direction, and another in another, 
alium alio mittit, Sall. Cat. 27: see L.G. 
§§ 629,692.) 3, expr. one... . the other, 
one another, either by (1). inter se [se 
inter se, in Cic. Am. 22, 82, ia prob. a 
false reading}: the young Ciceros love o. 
another, Cicerones pueri amant inter se, 
Cic, Att. 6, 1,9: the soldiers embrace o. 
another with tears, complecti inter se 
lacrimantes milites, Liv. 7, 42, med.: or 
by (2). alter, alius . . . with another case 
of the same pronoun: the o. needs the 
help of the other, alterum alterius auxilio 
eget, Sall. Cat. 1, extr.: o. stimulates 
the other, alius alium hortari, ib. 6. 

4, expr. one or the other by altériiter, 
tra, trum (also with both parts of the 
word decl.: rare): you must be either 
the o or the other, est necesse alterutrum 
(te esse), Cic. Div. Verr. 18, 58: Hor. 
Phr.: 0. good turn deserves another 
(Prov.), mutunm muli scabunt, Aus. ld. 
12, pref.: cf. Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 37, tradunt 
operas mutuas~ we have done o. another 
many good turns, muita inter nos officia 
mutua intercedunt Cic. Fam. 13, 65 (¥v 
MUTUALLY, IN TURN)~ at o. time... at 
another time, modo modo, Cic. N. D. 
I, 18, 47: Ter. (v. Now): to love o. 
another more ardently, ardentius in- 
vicem diligere, Plin. 7, 20, fin. (not so 
in Cic., who uses, inter se: v. supr.). 

Vj. Equivalent to German man; 
Fr. on: J, use 2 pers. sing.: "tis 
natural to hate the person 0. has injured, 
proprium humani ingenii est odisse 
quem laeseris, Tac. Agr. 42: before o. 
begins anything, deliberation is wanted, 
priusquam incipias, consulto opus est, 
Sall. Cat. 1, ext: Cic. Esp. in such 
exprr. as, 0. would have thought, 0. might 
have seen: putares (putes), crederes, 
videres: 0. would have thought he was 
giving evidence, when he was pleading 
For the accused, testimonium dicere 
putares, quum pro reo diceret, Cic. Br. 
29, 111: 0. would think the time stood 
still, stare putes tempora, Ov. Tr. 5, 
Io, 5: 0. would have thought they were 
defeated, crederes victos, Liv. 2, 43, ad 
fin.: Cic. (Zumpt, § 515). 2. expr. 
by impers. pass. (of intrans. verbs), and 
by such other impers. verbs as licet, 
dportet, jiivat, etc.: whatever o. is not 
at liberty to do, 0. certainly ought not 
to do, quidquid non licet, certe nop 
oportet, Cic. Bal. 3, extr.: 0 has not.to 


517 





ONE ANOTHER 


live with perfect people, non vivitur cum 
perfectis hominibus, Cic. Off. 1, 15, wit. : 
o. must resist old age, resistendum est 
senectuti, id. Sen. 11, 35. (The 1st pers. 
pl. may also be used in general state- 
ments, as in Kng.: what o. wishes, 0. 
readily believes, quae volumus, credimus 
libenter, R. and A.) VII. In strictly 
indef. sense; usu. preceded by some, 
any: quis or qui, quae, quid or quod 
(chiefly after si, ne, num, tf any o., lest 
any o., ec.), quispiam (used substan- 
tively, and more detinite and emphatic 
than the simple quis- cf. Cic. Sen. 3, 8, 
fortasse quispiam dixerit, perhaps some 
one may say); qQuisquam or ullus (any 
single o.; quisquam being used as subs 
and ullus as adj.) ; quivis, quilibet (any 
0. you please ; any and every 0.): V. ANY, 
some.  \V{l]. Preceded by def. art., the 
one: expr. by is, ipse, idem~ I said as 
soon as ever you showed it me, that it 
was the o. (the ring), dixi ubi_mihi 
ostendisti illico eum esse, Ter. Heaut. 
4, 2, 3 (where ipsum or eundem would 
simply have been more emphatic than 
eum). 1X. In connexion with vel. 
pron., one who: is (qui): no one a faith- 
ful defender of the wretched, save o. 1 ho 


is wretched himself, miserorum fidelis | 
defensor (nemo) nisi 1s qui ipse miiser | 


sit, Cic. Mur, 25, 50: also foll. by ut, 
id. Fl. 15, 34, est, credo, is vir iste, ut 
civitatis nomen sua auctoritate sus- 
tineat, he is one who will, etc. 

one another: ilius (alter)... foll. 
by same pron. in diff. case; inter se- 
v. ONE (V., 3). 

—eyed: 1. luscus: Cic. de Or. 2, 
60, 246: Juv. (for which Plin. 11, 37, 55, 
has luscinus, appy.= one who has lost 
an eye by violence). 9. tnoctlus : 
Pl: Cure. 3, 24: Sol 3. expr. by 
circuml., altero lumine orbus, Plin. lL. c. 5 
altero oculo captus: cf. Liv. 22, 2, extr. 
(N.B.—Avoid monoculus, which is late 
and a hybrid word; also cocles, which 
as an appellative became obsol.: cf. 
laGie o 

anded: wniminus, a, um: 
Liv. 35,21. (Or by circuml, una manu 
captus: ef. preced. art.) 

— horned: wnicornis, e: Plin. 

—horse carriage: *vehiculum 
unico equo (jumento) junctum. 

oneness; Unitas: v. UNITY. 

onerous: gravis, praegravis, etc.: 
Vv. BUKDENSOME. 

oneself: 1. when denoting the 
subject, expr. by ipse : evils which 0. ws 
fice from, quibus ipse malis careas, 
Lucr. 2, 4: Cic.: v. HIMSELF. 2, in 
objective relations, use oblique cases of 
tu: if promises injure 0. more than 
they benefit the other party, si plus tibi 
promissa noceant, quam iilli prosint, 
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 32: to be so dear to one’s 
wife as on that account to be dearer to o., 
uxori tam carum esse, ut propter hoc tibi 
carior fias. Sen. Ep. 104, 4. In the same 
way may be used nos, nobis v. Madv. 
L.G.§ 370. 3, when a reflex mental 
action is meant, oft. expr. by pass. refl. : 
e.g. to vex o., angi (animo or animi); 
to distress o., afflictari; to amuse o., 
oblectari; etc. v. TO VEX, etc. 

one-sided : |. Not rightly ba- 
lanced : inaequalis: Vv. UNEVEN, UN- 
EQUAL. Il. Partial, unfair : Phir: 
a o. contract, *pactum cui praestando 
una tantum pars obstringitur, Kr. (perh. 
better simply, pactum iniquom) a o. 
statement, *quae ab altera parte afferun- 
tur (affirmantur), inaudita altera. v. 
PARTIAL. 

onesidedness: perh. inaequalitas : 
V. PARTIALITY. 

onion’ caepa, ae, f.; caepe, is, 7. : 
Fg pt deifies leeks and o.s, allium 
caepasque inter deos habet Aegyptus, 
Plin. 19, 6, 32: Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 21 (form, 
caepe). An 0, bed or field, caepina, Col. 
11, 3, ad fin.: an o.-dealer, caeparius, 
Lucil. in Non. 201, 10. The sea-o., scilla 
or squilla. Plin. 19, 5, 30° *scilla mari- 
tima, Linn. 

only (udj.): 1, Gnicus (without 
another oy the same kind): an o. son, u. 

51 


ONLY 








filius, Cic. R. Am. 14, 41: Ter.- see also 
UNIQUE. 9. inus: oft. strengthened 
by addition of solus he was the 0. person 
found, u. est solus inventus, Cic. Sext. 
62, 130: wi is the o. thing, res est u. 
s laque, Hor. kp. 1, 6, 1. 3, solus 
(standing by oneself ov itself) : the Stoics 
are the 0. (philosophers) who have af- 
jirmed....., Stoici s. ex philosophis 
dixerunt...., Cie. de Or. 3, 18, init. : 
also, s. inter omnes, Mart. 4, 2. Join. 
solus atque unus (de teo), Cic. Tim. 4, 
med. 4, singiilaris (‘ike unicus: rare 
in this sense): singularis atque unigena 
(de mundo), Cic.l.c. — §, tinigéna (lit. 
only begotten : rare}: Cic. l. c. 

onl (adw.): 1, sdlum (of that 
which stands by itself): on one point o. 
they disagree, de re una s, dissident, Cic. 


Leg. 1, 20. 53: esp. in phr., nun (neque, | 


nec) solum....sed (verum) etiam, 
(and) not only... but ulso: not 0. by 
nature and character’, but also by study, 
non s. natura et moribus verum etiam 
studio, id. Am. 2, 6: Caes.: et pass. 
(Solummodo only in late writers, by 
anal. of tantummodo.) 9. tantum, 
very oft strengthened, tantummodo 
(just so much and no more; that and 
that only: also appy. used in preference 
to solum for reasons of perspicuity or 
euphony): he stuted 0.: he showed no- 
thing, adduced no evidence, dixit tan- 
tum: nihil ostendit, nihil protulit, Cic. 
Fl. 15, 34: Socrates used to enquire o. 
concerning life and morals, Socratem 
tantum de vita et de moribus solitum 
esse quaerere, id. Rep. 1, 10 (where 
solum would have been ambiguous) : 
just this o., unum hoe tantummodo, 
(neque praeterea quicquam], Suet. 3, 
m6d6: esp. in phr., non modo... . sed 
(verum) etiam (et, or simply sed); 
when it does not differ from solum 
(supr. 1): not o. by speaking in public, 
but also by thinking, non m. agendo, 
verum etiam cogitando, Cic. Coel. 19, 45. 
Not 0. not... but not even, is often expr. 
by non modo...sed ne quidem (‘he 
negative in former member being dis- 
pensed with): L. G. § 567. Also in cer- 
tain restrictive clauses of a hypothe- 
tical kind- as, (1). si modo: you know 
(if 0. you remember) that I said to you 

-, Scis (si m. meministi) me tibi dixis- 
se, id. Att. 12, 18- and with subj. (poet.), 
Prop. 1, 18, 4. (2). mddo si (= dummo- 
do), or simply modo: ifo. Iam allowed, 
m. si licet, Ov Tr. 2, 263: old men’s fa- 
culties remain, provided o. effoit and in- 
dustry remain, manent ingenia senibus, 


m. permaneat studium atque industria, © 


Cic. Sen. 7, 22. (3). qui modo (qui 
hypothetical, L. G. § 475): there is no 
slave, be he o. in a tolerable condition of 
service, servus est nemo, qui m. tolera- 
bili sit conditione servitutis, Cic. Cat. 4, 
8,16. See also PROVIDED (that). 4, 
duntaxat or dumt. (just that: similar 
to tantum, but less freq.) he employs 
his infantry only from a distance, jor 
show, peditatu d. procul ad speciem 
utitur, Caes. B.C. 2, 41: Liv. 37, 53, 
post init. (nec duntaxat animum bonum 
ac fidelem praestitit, sed omnibus inter- 
tuit bellis). §, non nisi, usu. with the 
negative apart, non (nemo, nihil). . . nisi 
(= saving only, except): they think o. 
of slaughter nihil cugitant nisi caedes, 
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10. friendship can o. exist 
among the good, nisi in bonis amicitia 
esse non potest, id. Am. 5, 17. Similar 
to this is the constr. nibil aliud nisi. ., 
and (not in Cic.) nihil aliud quam (ellip- 
tically): if we speak o. of law, si nihil 
aliud nisi de lege dicimus, Cic. Arch. 4, 
8 afterwards he o. rode or walked for 
exercise (did nothing more), mox nihil 
aliud quam vectabatur et deamtulabat, 
Suet. Aug. 83 Liv. 6. esp. before 
numerals, oft. expr. by adjj. sdlus, 
tinus: fo think o. of this, hoc unum 
cogitare, Cic. Quint. 23, 75° he was go- 
vernor of Asia o. nine months, solos 
novem menses Asiae praefuit, Cic. Att. 
5, 17 0. thirty minae, solae triginta 
minae, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 24. so rarely unus 
o. five minae, unae quinque minae, 





OPEN 





Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 52 (not to be imitated). 
(N.B.— Only one may be expr. by unus, 
esp. with omnino, Caes. B. G. 1, 7, erat 
omnino in Gallia ulteriore legio una or 
by unus solus. 770m 0. one town, ex uno 
solv oppido, Cic. Verr. 2, 2. 75, 185. 


only-begotten: danigénitus: Vulg. 


Job. i. t4: Hier. Also wnigéna, ae, m. : 
Paul Nol. 

onomatopoeia;  dndmatdpoeia : 
Charis.: M. L. 

onset: |. Lic: 1, impétus, is: 


to make an 0. upon any one, in aliquem 
i. facere, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: to withstand 
the o. (of troops), i. sustinere, ib. 3, 23 
ferre, ib. 3, 1g: Vv. ATTACK. Join: in- 
cursio atque impetus [armatorum ], Cic. 
Caec. 15, 44. 2. incursus, is (esp. 
charge of troops): at the very first o. 
the enemy were routed, primo statim 
inc. pulsi hostes, Liv. 2, 25: Caes.: Cic. 
3. incursio (more freq. = inroad, 
invasion): Cic.: v. supr.(1): Hirt. To 
make an 0. upon, addrior, invado, etc. : 
v. TO ATTACK. |], Fig., of violent lan- 
guage. v. foll. art. 
onslaught: |. Lit.: v. preced. 
art. ||. Fig., of violent language: 
Phr.: to make fierce 0.s on any one, 
aliquem insectari atque exuagitare, Cic. 
Att. 1, 16, 4; in aliquem invehi: v. 
INVECTIVE. 
ontological : *ontélogicus: phil. t. ¢. 
onward, onwards (adv.): porro: 
Ter.: Liv.: v. on (adv.) ; FORWARD. AS 
interj.. Onward, Quirites! porro, Qui- 
rites! Laber. in Macr. 2, 7, med. 
onward (adj.): Phr.: to pursue an 
0. course, progredi, procedere: v. TO AD- 
VANCE. 
onyx: dnyx, Ychis, m : Plin. 
ooze (v.): 1, mano, t (to flow drop 
by drop, trickle): warm (tear) drops 0. 
from the tree, tepidae m. ex arbore 
guttae, Ov. M. 10, 500: Cic.: v. TO 
TRICKLE. Also comp. émano, 1 (to 
trickle or o. from or forth): Col.: Lucr. 
The comp. is freq. in fig. sense, to 0. out, 
get abroad : lest this language of yours 
should o. out, ne hic sermo tuus emanet, 
Cie: Br. 65, 231. 2. liquor, 3 (as 
melting substances do): from it o drops 
of black blood, buic atro 1. sanguine 
guttae, Virg. Aen. 3, 28: Plin. a 
stillo, destillo, 1 (to flow in drops): v. 
TO TRICKLE, FLOW. 4, sido, 1 (te 
sweat; poet.): balsams o.ing from the 
perfumed wood, odorato sudantia bal- 
sama ligno, Virg. G. 2, 118: sudo may 
also be applied to that from which any- 
thing o.s: cf. id. E. 4, 30, durae quercus 
sudabant roscida mella: v. TO EXUDE. 
ooze (subs.): perh. uligo, inis, f (wet- 
ness, moisture with which anything i 
saturated): v. MOISTURE. 
oozy : uliginosus (full of moisture) : 
0. ground, ager, locus s. Campus U.: V. 
MOIST, WET. 
opacity: expr. by adj.; v. OPAQUE. 
geale Opalus: Plin. 37, 6, 22° Isid. 
opaque: caecus: 0. emeralds, sma- 
ragdi c., Plin. 37, 5, 18 § 68. Or perh. 
better expr. by circuml., non translu- 
cidus: Plin. 1. c. (alii densi sc. smaragdi, 
nec e liquido translucidi): v. TRANSPA- 
RENT. (Opacus = shady.) 
ope (v.): V. OPEN (v.). 
open (v.): A, Trans: |]. To 
unclose : 1, Apério, ui, rtum, 4: foo. 
a door, a. ostium, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26: to 
o. a letter, epistolam s. litteras a., Cic. 
Att. 5, 1, fin.: ib. 11,9: to o. the eyes, 
oculos a., id. Mil. 31, 85. 2, patéfacio, 
feci, factum, 3 (to seé open): to o. the 
gates to the enemy, hostibus portas p., 
Liv. 2, 15, med.: to o. the eyes (of the 
dead) on the pyre (set them wide open), 
oculos in rogo p., Plin. 11, 37, 55+ 
Fig.. too. the ears to flatterers, assen- 
tatoribus aures p., Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91. 
3, reclido, si, sum, 3 (chiefly poet.): 
to o. a gate, portam r.. Virg. Aen. 7, 617: 
Lucr. Ov.. to o. one’s house, domum r., 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 103. 4, réséro, 1 (to 
remove a bar: also chiefly poet.) Virg.: 
Ov. Join. reserare urbem et pandere 
portas, Virg. Aen. 12, 584.  §, pando, 
di, pansum and ssum, 3 (to spread oué, 


_ 


OPEN OUT 


open wide): the gates are od (spread | 


wide open), panduntur portae, Virg. Aen. 
220: hr.: to vo. @ letter (besides 
aperire, v. supr. 1), litteras resignare 


(to unseal), solvere, Cic, Att. 11, 93 Te) 


solvere, Liv. 26, 15, med.: also, vincula 
epistolae laxare signumque detrahere, 
Nep. Paus. 4, init. ; vinculum epistolae 
solvere, Curt. 7, 2, med. (but these phrr. 
should not be used unless the act of 
opening be expressly dwelt upon): cf. 
linum incidere (to cut the thread with 
which a letter was tied), Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10 - 
to o. a jar (by removing the pitch with 
which it was fastened), dolium relinere, 
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 51 (R. and A.): lo o. 
one’s nuouth (i. e. to spealc), hiseere, Cic. 
Ph. 2,43, 111. (N.B.—1o 0. a bool is, 
aperire librum librum evolvere is to 
read a bool, by unrolling the scroll: 
ef. Cie. usc. 1, 11, 24, evolve diligenter 
eum librum qui est de animo: Quint. 2, 
15, 24, etc. so, evolvere volumina epis- 
tolarum, to read through, examine vo- 
lumes of letters, Cic. Alt. 9, 10, med.) 
|]. in medicine, to muke an incision 
into: apério, 4; incidy, 3° Cels. 7, 2, ete. 
Ill. 70 make a road or passage by 
removing obstructions: Phr.: to 0. @ 
age with the sword, ferro iter aperire, 
Sall. Cat. 58, med.: to 0. @ passage 
through the Alps, iter per Alpes pate- 
facere, Cacs. B. G. 3, 1: to 0. (clear) up- 
proaches to a place, aditus expedire, ib. 
7,86 too.a way to any one to be sove- 
reign (i. e. entitle him to be so), alicui 
ad dominationem pandere viam, Liv. 4, 
15, med. V. To inaugurate, begin: 
Phr. too.aplaceof worship, ecclesian, 
aedem consecrare, dedicare (Vv. TO DEDI- 
CATE, CONSECRATE): to 0. a hall or 
theatie, perb. atrium s. theatrum inau- 
gurare (V. TO INAUGURATE): to 0. @ cuse 
(in pleading), causam exordiri, Quint. 4, 
I, 2: ef. ingredi in causam, Cie Pl. 3, 8 
(v. TO BEGIN): to o. a ball, *primam 
choream ducere, K. and A. (Plin. min. 
bas, aperire annum, to o. the year, Pan. 
58. V. Vo uncover, make known: 
rétégo, apério (cf. Sall. Cat. 40, conjura- 
tionem aperit), delégo, etc.: v. TO RE- 
VEAL, UNFOLD. VI. To explain: ex- 
plico, interprétor: v. TO INTERPRET, 
EXPLAIN. Vi. In medicine: Phr.: 
to o. the bowels, alvum dejicere, Cato 
R. R. 148: Cels. B. Intrans.: 
1, expr. by apério, 4 (with pron. 
refl.): all at once the doors o.’d of them- 
selves, valvae subito se ipsae aperuerunt, 
Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74. So witu pando (to 
spread open): the rose o.s, pandit sese 
rosa, Plin. 21, 4,10$14. 2, patesco, 
3 (to spread out wide): the long hal’s o. 
(to view), atria longa p., Virg. Aen. 2, 
2: V. TO SPREAD OUT. 8, hisco, 3 
to gape open): hush! the door o.s! tace! 
aedes h.! Pl. Ps. 4, 1, 51 (a use hardly 
to be imitated): the earth o.s, h. terra, 
Ov.: v. TO GAPE OPEN. So comp. dé- 
hisco, 3 (strictly, downwards): to 0. in 
fissures (of a boat), rimis d., Ov. Tr. 5, 
12, 27: and of flowers opening, Plin. 21, 
4, 10 § 14 (dehiscere ac sese pandere: 
also simply, dehiscere, ib. § 18). Phr.: 
to o. outwards (of doors), aperturas 
habere in exteriores partes, Vitr. 4, 6, 
jin.: to 0. again (of wounds partially 
healed), recrudescere, Cic. Fam. 4, 6 
(fig.): to o. in fissures, rimis fatiscere, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 123. the new year 0.8 with 
cold weather, frigoribus novus incipit 
annus, Ov. F. 1, 149 (v. TO BEGIN). 
ovenout: |. Trans: 1, ex- 
tendo, di, sum and tum, 3. to 0. out the 
Singers (after closing them), digitos ex., 
Cic. Ac. 2, 47,145: Vv. TO EXTEND. 2, 
Jaxo, 1 (to widen the spaces between ob- 
jects :) to o. out the maniples (put the 
men farther apart), manipulos 1., Caes. 
BGs, 25: cf.) were (La 2): Sh 
pando, di, pansum and ssum, 3: V. TO 
SPREAD WIDE. {]. Intrans.: Le 
patesco, 3: u somewhat wider plain 0.8 
out, paulo latior p. campus, Liv. 22, 4: 
so, of an army=to deploy, Tac. H. 4, 
78, init. 2. expr. by laxo, pando, 
with pron. refl., or as pass. refl.: gra- 
dually to o. out wide (of a flower), in 





OPEN 


latitudinem paulatim sese laxare, Plin, | 
21, 5, 11: so, in latitudinem pandi (of | 
the sea, after straits), id. 6, 13, 15: an 
immense plain o.s out, immensa panditar | 
planities, Liv. | 

open up: patéfacio, Apério: v. TO | 
OPEN (1. and I1.). Jo 0. up fresh tribes, | 
novas gentes aperire, lac. Agr. 22, init. : 
Liv.- to 0. up grief afresh, dolorem 
scindere, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2. 

open (adj.): |. Not shut: 1 
Apertus (most gen. term): to sep with 
bedroom doors o., apertis cubiculi toribus 
cubare, Suet. Aug. 82: Caes.: Cic. Also 
adapertus (infreq.): Liv. 25, 30 (ada- 
pertas portae fores): Ov. Half-, partly 
open, semiap»rtus, Liv.; semiadapertus, 
Ov. Y, patens, ntis (wide-open): by 
the wide o. gates they admit their com- 
vades, p. portis accipiunt socios, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 266: the o. sea, p. pelagus, id. G. 
2,41. Vo stand o., pateo 2° the nostrils 
stand alvays o., nares semper p., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 57, /in.: to be o. for every one 
to see, omnibus ad visendum p., id. Verr. 
4 spas 8. piriilus (standing alu ays 
open: apertus, opened for the time being) : 
o. ears (always ready for secrets), p. 
aures, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 70: 0. (-preading) 
nostrils, p. nares, Virg. G. 1, 376: 80, 
patulae fenestrae, Ov. M. 14, 752, denotes 
u ide, spacious windows (or apertures for 
admitting light), as opp. to the closed, 
solid wall. Hence, propatulus (0. im 
front): Cic. Verr. 4, 49, 110 (in aperto 
ac propatulo loco, i. e. wm the a. air, and 
o or uccessible in front). 4, hians, 
ntis (wide o., as if gaping): the little 
Jishes swim into the o. shell, pisciculi in 
concham h. innatant, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 
123: to put your fingers opposite a scollop 
when it is o., digitos adversum pectines 
biantes movere, Plin. 11, 37, 52. To 





stand wide o. bio, 1: Hor.: Prop. 
Phr.: the army received him with o. 
arms, exercitus libens ac supinis ma- 
nibus excepit (eum), Suet. Vit. 7 (Kr.); 
sinu complexuque excepit, cf. Cie Cat. 
2, 10, 22: so, more generally, libenti 
laetoque animo excipere, Kr. (e Cic.) . 
any one’s house ts 0. to strangers, patet 
domus alicujus bospitibus, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 
64: more fully, hospitibus domus patet 
victusque communicatur, Caes. B. G. 6, 
23, extr. Il. Free from obstacles, 
clear, exposed : 1, apertus: a@ per- 
JSectly 0. sea, oceanus apertissimus (opp. 
to conclusus, confined, inland), Caes. 
B. G. 3, 9: @ sky perfectly o., coelum 
patens atque a., Cic. Div. 1, 1,2: 0. plains, 
a. campi, Caes. B.G. 3, 26. The neut. is 
used subs.: in aperto, in the o. plain or 
space, Liv. 1, 33: Hor. Join: porrecta 
ac loca aperta, Caes. B. G. 2, 19 Dr 
patens: in the more o. ground, locis pa- 
tentioribus, Caes. B. G. 7, 28: Sall.: 
Liv. : ef. swpr. (IL. 1). 8. expéditus 
(free from difficulties ; practicable) : 
cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 6, iter multo facilius 
atque expeditius: Cic. 4, purus (clear; 
not built on): 0. ground, p. locus, Varr. 
L. L. 5, 4, 38: Liv. Join: puro ac 
patenti loco [dimicare]}, Liv. 24, 14. 
Phr.- in the o. air, sub divo, Cic. Verr. 
2, I, 19, 5t: also, sub dio, Plin. Ep. 6, 
16, 5; and sub Jove, Ov. F, 2, 299. 
II. Accessible, in fig. sense: expr. 
by piteo, 2: rvevards, honours which 
are o. to all, praemia, honores quae 
(omnibus) patent. Cic. Bal. 9, 24. Or by 
licet: that both places in the consulate 
should be o. to plebeians, ut utrumque 
plebeium consulem fieri liceret, Liv. 8, 
12, fin. Phr.; to throw o, the franchise 
to a large number, civitatem magnae 
parti (populi) dare, atque communicuare, 
Liv. 23, 5, med. IV, Not concealed, 
public; undisguised . 1. Apertus: 
not stealthily, but by 0. force, non fur- 
tim sed vi aperta, Liv. 25, 24, intt.: o. 
(avowed) freebooting. a. latrocinium, Cie. 
Cat. 2, 1, I. 2, manifestus: v. MANI- 
FEsT. Phr.: in the 0. day ( publicity), 
in luce, Cic. Man. 3, 7: tr the o. part of 
a house (0. court), in propatulo aedium, 
Nep. Han.g to expose anything to o. 
vie, aliquid in promptu ponere, Cic. Off. 
I, 35, 126. V. Candid, out-spoken: 
' 





OPERATE 


simplex, candidus: Vv. FRANK, INGE} 
neous Phr.: to be perfectly o. with 
each other, simplicissime inter se loqui, 
Tac: Hi. 3, X15: VI. Not decided or 
settled: intéger, liber. he ordered the 
matter to be left o. till his return, rem 
integram ad reditum suum jnssit esse, 
Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82: also impers., it is 0 
(to any one) to act, integrum est, Cic. Att. 
15, 23: so, with liberum, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 
3. Phr.: itis ano. question, adhuc sub 
judice lis est, Hor. A. P. 78. 

open-handed: libéralis, largus: y. 
LIBERAL. 

— hearted: simplex, ingénuus: 
V. FRANK, INGENUODS. 

opening (subs.) « |. Act of open- 
ing: expr. by apério, etc.. v. TO OPEN. 
(Apertio v. rare.) ||. Formal decla- 
ration that a building, etc., is open for 
use: dedicatio, consecratio. Vv, DEDICA 
TION, CONSECRATION. For a non-reli- 
gious ceremony, perh. Inaugtratio (late 
and rare); or expr. by ve b: v. TO OPEN 
(A., 1V.). To attend the o. of a railway, 
*adesse quum tanquam auspicandi causa, 
primus currus in via ‘errata trahitur, im- 
pellitur. Ill. Beginning, esp. of a 
speech: exordium, principium, etc. v. 
ZXORDIUM. V. Aperture: ], fora- 
men (strictly, a hole bored: from foro, to 
pierce, bore): V. HOLE. Fig.: 0.8 from 
the body to the soul (the senses), f. illa 
quae patent ad animum a corpoere, Cic. 
‘Tuse. 1, 20, 47. Q. fénestra (strictly, 
ano. ina wall to admit light: used in 
wider sense): 0.8 (loop-holes) for dis- 
charging missiles, f. ad tormenta mit- 
tenda, Cues. B. C. 2, 9, fin.- he madea 
huge wide-mouthed o., ingentem lato 
dedit ore f., Virg. Aen. 2, 482: cf. infr. 
(1IL.). 8. rima (crack, chini): vy. 
FISSURF. 4, ds, Oris, n. (resembling 
a mouth; as an o. or entrance to a 
cave): v.MoUTH (II. 1.).  §, apertiira 
(rare): Vitr.5,5,1. 6, spiramentum 
(for breathing ; air-hole): Virg.: Just. 

VY. An opportunity: Phr.- ano. 

for dispute, ansa (lit. handle) contro- 
versiarum, Cic. Caec. 6, extr. (v. HANDLF, 
II.) to make an o. (‘‘ open a door’) 
for crime, fenestram ad nequitiam pate- 
facere, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 32. to present 
a fine o., *majoris fortunae spem oppor- 
tunitatemque afferne. 

opening (adj.): epith. of medicine: 
Phr.: to give o. medicine, medicamenta 
ad alvum dejiciendam dare, cf. Cels. 2,125 
alvi dejectionem medicamentis petere, 
id. 1, 3, med.: medicamertis (aegrum) 
purgare, cf. id. 3, 23: to tale a strong 0, 
medicine, bene alvum dejicere, Cato RR. 
148. (As medial terms may be used, 
medicam ntum purgativum, depurga- 
tivum, Coel. Aur.; purgatorium, Symm.; 
catharticum, Kr. [not Cels.]: also *ape- 
riens, subs., M. L. But in Cels. aperire 
refers to the opening of aliscesses, etc., 
not of the bowels: cf. 5. 18, 25.) 

openly: |, Publicly, without con- 
cealment: 1, pilam (publicly, for all 
to see): things done o. in the forum, 
quae in foro p. gesta sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
33, 81. his enemies slew him o., hunc 
inimici p interfecerunt, Caes. B.G. 5, 25 
ef. infr. (2). Strengthened, propilam ; 
Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161. 2, aperté (ith- 
out any disguise): 0. to display one's 
grief, dolorem a. ferre, Cic. Pl. 14, 34. 
Very oft. with another syn.: aperte et 
palam (opp. to ex insidiis), id. Or. 12, 38: 
plane et aperte, id. Fin. 2, 5, 15. ll. 
Frankly ; Ieeping nothing back: Aperte, 
simpliciter, ibéré: v. FRANKLY, 

openness: expr. by adj. : Vv. OPEX. 
For fig. sense, v. FRANKNESS. 

opera: *drama musicum, melicum 
(Kr.). But the word drama itself is late 
and rare: perh. better, *fabnla musica s. 
melica [quae in scenis agitur]. 

operate: |. 7 act, exert power 
upon anything; perh. mdveo, impelle . 
V. TO INFLUENCE. |j. In medicine, to 
perform an operation in surgery: stco, 
ui, ctum, 1 (with the knife): no one 
before Marius is said to have been od 
on without being tied, (nemo) ante Ma- 
rium solutus dicitur esse sectus, Clic, 

519 


OPERATION 


Tusc. 2, 22,55: too. with actual cautery 
and knife, urere atque s., id. Ph. 8, 5, 
15. Other phrr. are: manu curare, Cels. 
4, init. (comprising the whole of surgery 
proper) , scaipellum admovere (toemploy 
the knife), i). 7, 2, med. ; or scalpellum 
adhibere, ib. 7, 20, imit.; scalpello in- 
cidere (partem corporis), ib. 7, 4; aperire 
to lay vpen with the knife), ib. 7, 19. 
ee painful ways of operating are 
enumerated, Sen. Prov. 3, 2, radere ossa 
et legere, venas extrahere, membra am- 
putare.) [I]. Also medical, to take 
effect (of medicine): expr. by facio, 
efficax, prosum : the mixiwre 0.s eaceed- 
ingly well, facit commode compositio, 
Col. 7, 5, med.: if the medicine have not 
o.d, *si minus medicamentum profuerit : 
the medicine has not o.d, *medicamentum 
nil profuit: where the sense is, to open 
the bowels, use alvum dejicio (duco): cf. 
Cato R. R. 148, ea re tot res sunt, ut 
bene dejicias, so many ingredients, in 
order that the medicine may o. well 
(Vv. OPENING, adj.). Phr.: so power- 
fully did the medicine o., tanta vis medi- 
caminis erat, Curt. 3, 6, ad fin. (Operor, 
1, in this sense, late: the poison 0.8, 
venenum o., Lampr.Com. 17.) 

operation: |. Act of doing or 
working: effectio (v. rare): Cic. Ac. I, 
2,6. Usu. better expr. by verb: these 
things are the result of Divine o., *haec 
omnia a Deo parata atque effecta sunt. 
Phr.: the o. of all herbs is stronger in 
cold regions, omnes herbae vehemen- 
tiores effectu viribusque sunt in frigidis 
locis, Plin. 27, 13, 119. I]. Specially, 
a military or naval o.; usu. pl. Phr.: 
to conduct military 0.s, rem bellicam ad- 
ministrare, Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76: or sim- 
ply, bellum administrare, id. Man. 20, fin. 
(v. TO CARRY ON): naval o.s., Tes ma- 
ritimae, Caes. B. G. 4, 23: all military 
0. are suspended, omnis administratio 
belli consistit, id. B.C. 2,12: Liv.: to 
recommence 0.8 after winter-quarters, 
ex hibernis movere (put the army in 
motion), Liv. 22, init. ||], 4 surgical 
o.: J, maniis ciiratio (Gr. xerpovpyia, 
comprising the whole practice of sur- 
gery): cases where a surgical 0. is 
needed, ea quae c. manus postulant, 
Cels. 7, 7, 15: so with desiderare, ib. 
$13. Or simply curatio (where the 
context explains): an extremely nice 
(delicate) 0., curatio subtilissima, ib. 
l.c.: to be very careful throughout the 
0. Magnam diligentiam per omnem c. 
habere, ib. 7, 12, 5- 9. meton. scal- 
pellum (the lancet): cases which call for 
a surgical o., quae scalpellum desiderant, 
ib. 7, 19, init.: to try bandages before 
proceeding to a surgical o., ante sc. vinc- 
turam experiri, ib. 7, 20, inzt.: see also 
TO OPERATE (IL.). 3, sectio (with the 
knife): Plin. 25, 13, 94, fin. Gn Cels. 
pref. p. 6, Millig. = dissection). 4. 
expr. by verb: to perform an o., secare, 
urere, etc.; to undergo one, secari, uri, 
etc.: v. TO OPERATE (II.). To perform 
the o. for the stone, calculos extrahere, 
evellere, Cels. 7, 26: to perform the 
Caesarean o., *caeso matris utero 
puerum extrahere, cf. Plin. 7, 9, 7- 

operative (adj.): efficax: v. EFFI- 
cacious. 

operative (swbs.): dpifex, icis : Cic. 
Off. 1, 42, 50. The class of 0.s, qui ma- 
nuum mercede victum quaeritant, cf. 
Sall. Cat. 34, med. 

operator: expr. by_verb: v. To 
OPERATE (throughout). In med. sense, 
use medicus, the assistant-o:, being sim- 
ply minister: Cels. 7, 19. 

operose: Spérosus: v. LABORIOUS. 

ophthalmia hee aap inflamma- 

ophthalmy §tio: Cels. 6, 6, 27: 
lippitido (most gen. term for soreness 
of the eyes), ib § 29 (genus aridae lippi- 
tudinis: énpop@aAutav Graeci appellant, 
dry 0.): a Somewhat similar affection is 
denoted by aspritudo (oculorum), ib. 
§ 27. (Ophthalmia only as med. ¢. ¢.: 
Med. Dict.) 

opiate (subs.): médicamentum som- 
nificum: yv. Narcotic (subs. and adj.). 
Or expr. by circuml.: to administer ‘an 

520 








OPIUM 


0., somnum moliri potui dando aquam 
in qua papaver [aut aliquid hujusmodi | 
decoctum sit, Cels. 3, 18, med. ; somnum 
medicamentis arcessere, ib. paulo infr. : 
medicines which act as o.s, catapotia 
quae somno dolorem levant, id. 5, 25, 15 
quae somnum faciunt, ib. 4: the medi- 
cine acts as am o., occurrit dolori per 
quietem catapotium, ib. 3: a powerful 
o., catapotium ad somnum valens, ib. 2: 
the poppy is a yood o., somno aptum est 
papaver, id. 2, 32: poppy is taken in 
wine as an o., papaver e vino bibitur 
somni causa, Plin. 20, 18, 76. (Cels. 
writes the word avwdvva, anodynes, 
only with Gk. characters: the term 
opiatum [medicamentum] belongs to 
modern med. Lat.) 
opine; Opinor, arbitror, 1: v. TO 
THINK. 
opiniative 2 ON 
pointed V. OPINIONATED. . 
opinion: |. In gen. sense, a gudg- 
ment formed by the mind: 1, sen- 
tentia (way of thinking : rather stronger 
than Eng.): a@ settled and well-founded 
o. concerning the gods, de diis stabilis 
certaque s., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 2: Zam still 
of the same o., that we should do nothing, 
adhue in hac sum s., nihil ut faciamus, 
id. Fam. 4, 4, fiv.: to persist in one’s 0., 
in s. perstare, id. KR. Com. extr.: in my 
o. (parenthetically), mea s., id. de Or. 2, 
23,95: toask any one for his o. (in the 
senate), aliquem sententiam rogare, id. 
Rep. 2, 20: to express one’s o. at length 
(in the senate), accurate s. dicere, id. 
Att. 4, 1. 2. Spinio (supposition, 
belief): to hold an o. (or belief), 0. 
habere (foll. by acc. and inf.), Cic. Div. 
2, 33, 70: to share a popular o., in popu- 
lari o. esse, id. Clu. 51, fin.: in my 0., 
ut o. mea fert, id. Font. 13, 29. 3: 
jiidicium (deliberate 0.): it was always 
my o. (or conviction), meum semper j. 
fuit, Cic. Tusc. 1, init. : in my o. at least, 
meo quidem j., id. Br. 8, 32: v. JUDG- 
MENT. 4, censiira (a critical o.): to 
Forman o. concerning any one’s writings, 
de alicujus scripto judicium] censuram- 
que facere, Gell. 12,2. Phr.: to enter- 
tain an 0., sentire, judicare, censére (v. 
TO THINK, JUDGE): to be of one and the 
same 0., unum atque idem sentire, Cie. 
Cat. 4, 7, 14: this is my decision, this 
my 0., Sic decerno, sic sentio, id. Rep. t, 
46: to entertain the same 0.8 as another, 
cum aliquo sentire, Ter. Andr. 2, 1, 24: 
Cic.: to differ in o., dissentire: their 0.s 
differ, inter se dissentiunt, id. Fin. 2, 6, 
19: to ask any one’s o., consulere (vy. 
TO CONSULT): it is my O., mihi videtur: 
id. Tusc. 5, 5, 12. ||. 4 dogma or 
tenet : ], placitum (rare): the os of 
physicians, medicorum placita, Plin. 14, 
22, 28 § 143: M.L. (Better expr. by 
plaicet: it tis the o. of Carneades, that 
there are. .., Carneadi placet esse..., 
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 99: Hor. S. 1, 3, 96.) 
9. dogma, atis,m. (Gr. doyua* and 
so perhaps always written by Cic.: cf. 
Ac. 2,9, 29, decretum, scitis enim jam 
hoc me doyua dicere): Mart. 1, 8, 2: 
Juv.: M.L. (N.B.—Cic.’s translation, 
decretum, has not been adopted by other 
writers. ) 8, collectively, doctrina, 
disciplina: Vv. DOCTRINE, TEACHING. 
Il]. Zstimate of character, abilities, 
etc. 1, dpinio: J will not disappoint 
your good o. (of me), non fallam o. tuam, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 6: to form an unfavourable 
o. of any one, de aliquo malam 0. animo 
imbibere, id. Verr. Act. 1, 14, 42: Caes. 
9. existimatio: the good o. enter- 
tained by soldiers of their commander, 
militis de imperatore ex., Liv. 4, 41, 
init.: Caes. Phr.: to form an o. of 
any one’s abilities, de alicujus ingenio 
existimare, Cic. Br. 21, 82: v. TO JUDGE, 
See also REPUTATION. 
opinionated: sententiae s. judicii 
sui nimis pertinax ; qui suo judicio plus 
aequo confidit. 
opium: Spium or Spion (the in- 
spissated and dried juice of the poppy) : 
Plin. 20, 18, 76 § 199. (The decoction of 
poppy-heads and leaves was called, mé- 
conium : 1. c. § 202.) 


OPPORTUNITY 


k See * didelphis, didelphy¢ 
cl.). 
opponent: 1, adversarius (anta- 
gonist, in the field, court, etc.: some- 
what stronger than Eng.): a formidable 
o., gravis a., Cic, Vat. 1, 15 a. acer, id, 
Ac. 2, 4, fim. (with ref. to discussion) : 
to reply to an o. (incourt), adversario 
respondere, Quint. 10, 7, 3. Q. expr. 
by verb (esp. when the ref. is to 
simple discussion, rather than conflict 
or struggle): in reply to these argu- 
ments, their 0.s urge..., his rationibus 
opponuntur ab his qui contra disputant 
..., Cic. Rep. i, 3: his o.s being the 
aristocratic party, adversante factione 
optimatium, Suet. Caes. 11: the 0.3 of 
the measure urge..., *contendunt ii 
qui legi adversantur ...: V. TO OPPOSE. 
2, to denote an opponent in @ 
trial (the party represented by opposing 
counsel = your client): iste: Cie. Quint. 
5, 18 (= Quintius’s 0.). 
opportune: 1. opportunus: no- 
thing more o. in time, (nihil) tempore 
opportunius, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, init.: an 
o. time of action, tempus actionis 0., id.’ 
Off. 1, 40,142. Very o., peropportunus : 
Cic. 9. iddneus, commédus: vy. sUIT- 
ABLE, CONVENIENT. 3, tempestivus : 
V. SEASONABLE. Phr.: at ano. time, in 
tempore, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 123: stronger, 
in tempore ipso, id. Andr. 5, 6, 10 (v. 
NICK, LI.): am o. time, opportunitas tem- 
poris, oceasio (v. OPPORTUNITY). 
opportunely: 1. opportiné: Ter.: 
Caes.: Cic. Very o., peropportune, Cic. 
N.D. 1,6, fin. 2, commddé: to choose 
atime for calling on any one 0.,c. tempus 
ad aliquem capere adeundi, Cic. Fam. 11, 
16: Vv. CONVENIENTLY. (N.B.—Com- 
modum = just at a certain time, e. g. 
commodum .... quum, Cic. Att. 13,9: 
in which sense commode also is used by 
Cic. and other writers.) 3, in tempore, 
per tempus: v. preced. art. fin. 4, 
tempestivé (seasonably, at the proper 
season) : Just. 34, 1, 3 (= opportune, in 
tempore). So Tac. has tempestivus : 
have I not arrived o., num parum tem- 
pestivus veni? Dial. 14: cf. L.G. $ 343. 
opportuneness ; opportunitas: v. 
SUITABLENEsS, Or expr. by opportunus, 
etc.: nothing could exceed the o. of your 
arrival, *tuo adventu nihil potuit esse 
opportunius; non potuisti magis in tem- 
pore advenire: Vv. OPPORTUNE, OPPOR- 
TUNELY. 
opportunity: 1. occasio (the right 
or suitable time for action, as a thing 
to be watched for and used; cf. Cic. Off. 
I, 40, 142, tempus actionis opportunum, 
Graece evxaipia, Latine appellatur oc- 
casio: for opportunitas, v. infr. 3): to 
let slip an o. of doing anything, o. aliquid 
faciendi amittere, Caes. B.G. 3, 18: Ter. : 
also, 0. praetermittere, Caes. B.C. 3, 25: 
not to miss an o., occasioni non deesse, ib. 
3,79: when an o. presents itself, 0. data, 
Cic. Ph. 7, 6, 183 0. oblata, Suet. Caes. 73: 
on a favourable o., per 0., Liv. 30, 3, 
extr.: what a good, splendid o., quanta, 
quam praeclara o., Cie. Mil. 14, 38. 2, 
tempus (which from the context, freq. 
= the right time): you have such an o. 
as no one ever had before, t. habes tale, 
quale nemo habuit unquam, Cic. Ph. 7, 
exty.: Pl. Merc. 5, 4, 39 (tale t., ut...): 
compare also OVPORTUNELY. Join: 
occasio et tempus, PI. Ps. 4, 2, 3. 3. 
opportunitas (switableness in a general 
sense: esp. of place, opportunitas loci ; 
also of time, opportunitas temporis) : 
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 45 (where, like occasio, 
it is given as=Gk. evxatpia, but in 
abstr. sense; not = an opportunity, but 
jitness of time): the knowledge of 0.s 
for action, scientia opportunitatis ido- 
neorum ad agendum temporum, id. Off. 
I, 40, 142: to avail oneself of an o., 
o. temporis uti, Caes. (in Kr.). 4, cOpia 
(means and facilities for doing any- 
thing): he had a fine o. of cementing an 
alliance, habere eum magnam €. socie- 
tatis conjungendae, Sall. Jug. 83: to give 
all the o. of consulting one, facere omni- 
bus consilii sui c., Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 153. 
5, facultas (sim. to copia: power 

















OPPOSE 


to do anything, practicability and so, | contraria (sc. vitia) currunt, Hor. S. 1, 2, 
opportunity): to give any one an o. of | 24: Cic. 


coming to a true judgment, alicui vere 
Judicandi facere f., id. Verr. 2, 2, 73,179: 
to present an o. of escape, f. fugae dare, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 32, extr.: 80, potestas : 
Vy. POWER. Phr,.: tu giveanyone ano. 
to find faut, tanquam ansam dare 
alicui ad reprehendendum, Cic. Am. 16, 
59 (Vv. HANDLE): to meet with an o. for 
doing something, \ocum nancisci aliquid 
faciendi, id Att. 1, 18, 3: to look for an 
o. i, spectars aliquid faciendi, Caes. B. G. 
5,44: Cate had the o. of indulging him- 
self in retirement, Catoni licuit se de- 
lectare in otio, Cic. Rep, init. (v. LI- 
BERTY, BE AT). ; 
oppose: = |._ 70 present in opposi- 
tion : 1. oppodno, pdsui, itum, 3: 
Caesar o.d to this (cavalry) his own 
horse, huic suos Caesar equites opposuit, 
Caes. B.C. 3,75: Cic. 2, objicio, jéci, 
ctum, 3: to 0. waggons by way of ram- 
port, carros pro vallo obj., Caes. B. G. 1, 
26. Join: objicere et opponere, Cic. 
Phr.: toall this, one consideraticn o.d 
itself, his omnibus rebus unum re- 
pugnabat, Caes. B. G. 1, 19. ||. Zo 
offer opposition to: 1, adversor, 1 
most gen. term, actively to resist): with 
dat. or absol. ; later with acc. [not to be 
imitated]: who 0.d Isocrates mure vehe- 
mently (than Aristotle)? quis Isocrati 
est adversatus impensius? Cic. Or. 51, 
172: to o. (withstand) any one’s lusts, 
alicujus libidini a., id. Verr. 5, 31, 82: 
when Nature 0.s and resists, adversante 
et repugnante Natura, id. Off. 1, 31, 110: 
Tac.: Suet. 2, répugno, t (do struggle 
against ; a stronger and more vivid 
expr. than adversor, cf. swpr. exx.: 
with dat. or absol.): neither to give way 
(to a proposal), nor strongly to 0., neque 
concedere neque valde r., Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 
med, Less freq. foll. by prep., resistere 
et repugnare contra veritatem, id. R. 
Com.17,51. 3, obsto, stiti, stitum, 1; 
also, obsisto, stiti, stitum, 3 (to stand 
in the way, make a stand against: foll. 
by dat. or ne with suwbj., and in negative 
sentences, quin, quominus): JHistiaeus 
o.d the scheme, Histiaeus, ne res conti- 
ceretur, obstitit, Nep. Milt. 3: to thwart 
and 0. any one’s designs, consiliis ali- 
cujus occurrere atque obsistere, Cic. Cat. 
3,7, fin.: vV.TO RESIST. 4, refragor, 1 
(to give vote or voice against; opp. to 
suffragor: with dat.): to o. a very inti- 
mate friend, homini amicissimo r., Cic. 
Ph. 11, 9, tnit.: too any one’s advance- 
ment, honori alicujus r., Liv. 45, 40, med. 
Phr.: too. in argument, contra aliquem 
disputare, Cic. Rep. 1, 3. 
opposed ( part. and adj.) : ], ad- 
versus: opp. to secundus: Vv. UNFA- 
VOURABLE, ADVERSE, 9. adversarius 
(antagonistic, hostile): violence, most 
of all o. to law, vis juri maxime a., Cic. 
Caec. 2, 5: Nep. 8, diversus: one 
who is diametrically 0. to you (in 
opinion), qui a te totus diversus est, 
Cic. Ac, 2, 32, 101: V. OPPOSITE. 4, 
contrarius: V.CONTRARY. 5, inimicus: 
Vv. HOSTILE, UNFRIENDLY. Tb be o. to, 
repugnare: v. TO OPPOSE, 
opposite (adj.) : |. Fronting, 
placed in front of: 1, adversus: the 
Bastarnae inhabit the o. side, Bastarnae 
adversa (aversa, Ian.) tenent, Plin. 4, 
12,25. Join: adversus et contrarius 
(facing and taking an opposite direc- 
tion), Caes. B. G. 2, 18. 2. expr. by 
é régione: v. oprosire, prep. (N.B— 
Opposite is here treated as prep. wherever 
it is or may be foll. by to: v. OPPOSITE 
TO.) I]. Reverse : 1, contrarius : 
on the o. side of the earth, e c. parte 
terrae, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123 tomove in an 
o. direction, in c. partem ire, Caes. B. C. 
1,69.. 2, diversus: the horses were 
driven rapidly in o. directions, in d. 
iter equi coneitati, Liv. 1, 28, jfin.: he 
drew up his army facing (tivo) 0. ways, 
d. aciem constituit, Caes. B. C. 1, 40: 
cf. ib. 69, where iter a proposito diver- 
sum, is explained by, in contrariam 
partem ire. II]. Logically: 1, con- 
trarius : they run to the o. extremes, in 














OPPOSITION 


Join: contraria, diversa, 
inter se pugnantia, Cic. Coel. 5, extr. 
2. diversus (totally different, and 
SO opposite): o. vices, diversa inter se 
mala, Sall. Cat. 5: Cic.: Hor. 3. expr. 
by inter se pugnare, repugnare: cf. supr. 
(LL, 1). IV. In action, antagonistic : 
1, adversarius ; the 0. faction, factio 
a., Nep. Phoc. 3: Cle.: v. OPPOSED. 
2. diversus (in later authors): the 
0. faction or party, d. factio, Suet. Caes. 
20; d. partes, ib. 1: an advocate who 
ts on the o. side, ex diverso patronus 
consistens, Quint. 4,1,42. 3, inimicus: 
V. HOSTILE, 
opposite (subs.): expr. by contrarius, 
adversus, oppdsitus (this last only in neut. 
pl. =GK. avrixe(peva, Gell. 16, 8): the 
0. of this excellence is viciousness, hujus 
virtutis c. est vitiositas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 
34: also in neut. pl. as subs.: there ave 
several kinds of 0.s, contrariorum genera 
sunt plura, id. Top. 11, 47: in the same 
passage, direct o.s are described thus, 
occurrunt, tanquam e regione, quaedam 
contraria : such were specifically named, 
adversa, ib. (N.B.—Contrarium is not 
used in sing. as subs.) 
opposite to, opposite (prep. and 
adv.): J, contra (with acc.): one side 
is o. to Gaul, unum latus est c. Galliam, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 13: to erect a fort o. toa 
citadel, castellum c. arcem objicere, Liv. 
38, 4: also without case: he stands o. 
(you) and bids you stand, stat c. starique 
jubet, Juv. 3,290. Q, & régidne (right 
0. to; foll. by gen. or dat. ; also absol.) : 
you affirm that o. to us, on the contrary 
side of the earth, are the antipodes, 
dicitis e regione nobis, e contraria parte 
terrae, esse [antipodas], Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 
123: 0. to the town was a hill, erat e re- 
gione oppidi collis, Caes. B. G. 7, 36: 
to pitch one canp o. to another, e regione 
castris castra ponere, ib. 7, 35: Nep. 
8. ex adverso, also written as one 
word (foll. by dat. or gen.): a harbour 
(on the coast of Asia) situated just o. to 
the city (of Rhodes), portus ex adv. urbi 
ipsi positus, Liv. 45, 10: 0. to the river 
Evenus, ex adv. fluminis Eveni, Plin. 4, 
4, 5. Also without case expr.: when 
the fleets were stationed o. each other, 
quum ex adv. starent classes, Just. 2, 14. 
4, adversus, or -um (with acc.): 
the physician should sit 0. to the patient, 
medicus adv. aegrum debet residere, 
Cels. 3,6, med.: Plin. Less freq. exad- 
versus, -um, also with ace.: an altar 
was dedicated o. the spot, ara exadversus 
eum locum consecrata est, Cic. Div. 1, 
45, Io. 5, in addition to the above 
adverbial words and phrv., the partt. 
oppositus, objectus, may be used: e. g. 
the moon, when it comes o. to the sun, 
cuts off its light, luna opposita soli, 
lumen ejus obscurat, Cie. Div. 2, 6, fin. : 
this island, situated 0. Alexandria, forms 
a harbour, haec insula objecta Alexan- 
driae, portum efficit, Caes. B. C. 3, 112. 
opposition: |. Act of opposing: 
expr. by verb: to offer a strenuous o. to 
a measure, *alicui legi acriter (vehe- 
menter) adversari, repugnare, refragari, 
etc.: a strenuous 0. is offered to the pro- 
posal, *huic sententiae acriter resistitur: 
Vv. TO OPPOSE, RESIST. (N.B.—Not re- 
pugnantia, in this sense; which in Cic. 
= contrariety: v. infr.) Il. Con- 
trariety : 1, répugnantia: 0. of ex- 
pediency (to virtue), utilitatis r., Cic. Off. 
3, 4,19) bin: 2. discrépantia: v. 
DISAGREEMENT. Or expr. by pugno, 
discrépo, contrarius, ete.: not to per- 
ceive the o. between these things, *quam 
haec inter se pugnent, discrepent, quam 
contraria sint uon videre: vy TO DIS- 
AGREE; also, Opposire (I1I.), conTRARY! 
II]. Adverse party: factio adver- 
saria, adversa, diversa (late); partes ad- 
versariae : v. OPPOSED. Specially, theo., 
as distinguished from the government : 
* factio adversaria lis quos penes summa 
rerum esi: but usu., factio adversaria 
will be precise enough: the o. benches, 
*adversariorum subsellia: or simply, 
adversa subsellia: used by Quint. of 


| aegritudinibus afflictus: Cic. pags. 








OPPRESSOR 





the benches allotted to the other side im 
court, 11, 3, 132. 
oppress: |. To weigh down, over- 
urden: 1, prémo, ssi, ssum, 3: to be 
0.'d with debt, aere alieno premi, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 13: sorrows which o. me, 
aerumnae quae me p., Sall. Jug. 17. 
Stronger is opprimo, 3 (to weigh quite 
down, overwhelm): to be o.’d with suf- 
Sering in every part of the body, totius 
corporis doloribus opprimi, Cic. Fam. 9, 
14, ad init. : (hopelessly) 0.’d with debt, 
aere alieno oppressus, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 
eztr.: Sall. 2. affligo, xi, ctum, 3 
(strictly, to dash to the ground: hence, 
to distress grievously): esp. in p. part., 
0.'d with grief, afflictions, etc., moerore, 
gravo, I: Vv. TO WEIGH DOWN. 4. 
Onéro, 1 (esp. of food which lies on the 
stomach): Plin.: v. To Loap(L., 1). 
be o.’d (uncomfortably fatigued), ingra- 
vescere, Cic. Sen. 11, 36. Il. To treat 
oppressively : 1, opprimo, 3 (in con- 
nexion with some other words to com- 
plete the idea, as servitus, crudelitas) : 
to liberate one's country when o.’d by 
tyrants, patriam a tyrannis oppressam 
e servitute in libertatem vindicare, Nep. 
Thras. 1: to 0. a state, civitatem ser- 
vitute oppressam tenere, Auct. pro dom. 
SE isl. 2. vexo, 1 (to treat with 
outrage and violence): too. and ruin a 
province, provinciam y. atque perdere, 
Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 4, 12: to 0. and im- 
poverish a territory, agros v. atque 
exinanire, Cic. Verr. 3, 52,122. Join: 
lacerare atque vexare (most cruelly to 
o.), Cato in Gell. 2, 6, med. (where the 
full force of the verb vexo is explained). 
3. expr. by injiiria, with a verb: 
since he o.'d all the Sicilians, quum om- 
nibus Siculis injurias faceret, Cic. Div. 
Verr. 16, 52: so, injurias imponere, in- 
juriis afficere, id.: v. INJURY, INJUSTICE. 
Phr.: the humbler classes were wantonly 
and cruelly o.’d, in humiliores libidinose 
crudeliterque consulebatur, Liv. 3, 37, 
med, : see also TO TYRANNIZE. 
oppression: |. 4 weighing down: 
gravatio: o. after food, g. post cibum, 
Coel. Aur. (Or expr. by verb: vy. To 
OPPRESS,I.) — ||, Cruelty and tyranny : 
1, injiria: or more expressively 
(cf. L. G. § 591), injiriae: to resist o., 
ire obviam injuriae, Liv 3, 37, extr.: 
0. practised upon peoples and indi- 
viduals, populorum privatorumque in- 
juriae, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 2,6: to add o. 
to o., cumulare injurias, Liv. 3, 37, ad 
init. 2. servitus (a state of bondage 
and 0.): the Athenians bewailed their 
grievous o., tristem s. flebant Attici, 
Phaedr. 1, 2, 6: Cic.: cf. TO OPPRESS 
(IL, 1). 3, vexatio (violent and cruel 
usage): Liv. : v. OUTRAGE 
oppressive: 1, gravis, praegrivis 
(burdensome in any way): tf these 
(requirements) seemed o. or distressing, 
haec si g. aut acerba videantur, Caes. 
B. G. 7, 14: 0. bondage, praegrave ser- 
vitium, Plin.: v. GRrevous. 2. mo- 
lestus (less strong than Eng.): v. Trovu- 
BLESOME, IRKSOME. 8, acerbus (bitter 
and distressing): most 0. taxes, acer- 
bissima tributa, Cic. Fam. 15,4, tnit.: 
cf. supr. (1), where acerbus is used as 
a heightened expression after gravis. 
4, iniquus (unfair, pressing too 
heavily on): v. uxsusT. Phr.: most o. 
taxation, intolerabilia tributa, Cic. Fam. 
3, 7, init.: the o. (lit. leaden) S. wind, 
plumbeus Auster, Hor.S. 2, 6, 18 (gravis 
= unhealthy) : to become more and more 
o., ingravescere, Cic. Br. 1, 10, intt. 
oppressively: griviter, mdlesté, 
Acerbe: cf. preced. art. Jb govern a 
state o., *civitatem iniquo (superbo, 
intolerabili) imperio coercere: v. OP- 
PRESSIVE, TYRANNICAL. 
oppressiveness: icerbitas (afftic- 
tiveness): Join: acerbitas atque in- 
juria, Cic. Fam. 6, 10, ad fin. Usu. 
expr. by adj.: Vv. OPPRESSIVE. See also 
OPPRESSION. 
oppressor: t}Tannus: v. TYRANT. 
Or expr. by circuml.. sometimes the 
weak turn upon their 0.8, *aliquaudo 
§21 


OPPROBRIOUS 


ORAL 





etiam infirmiores injuriis cumuiati ul- 
ciscendi sui caus& in dominos invadunt : 
the o. is hated by all, *superbum inju- 
riosumque hominem nemo non odit ; 
the o. of Sicily, * qui Siciliam vexavit 
atque perdidit: v. TO oprREss. (N.B.— 
By no means oppressor; v. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v.) 

opprobrious: turpis, probrosus 
(rare), elc.: V. DISGRACEFUL, Oft. expr. 
by probrum: to be looked on as 0., 
probro haberi, Sall. Cat. 12- letters full 
of 0. language towards any one, epistolae 
plenae omnium in aliquem probrorum, 
Cic. Att. 11, 9. 


opprobriously ; probrésé: Sen. : 
Gell. : v. DISGRACEFULLY. 
opprobrium: deédécus, probrum, 


opprobrium : v. DISGRACE, REPROACH. 

optative; modus optativus: Diom.: 
Prisc.: M. L. 

optic, optical: *opticus: only as 
scient. t. t.: Cartes: etc. Otherwise 
expr. by oculus, video, visus, etc.: an a. 
illusion, mendacium oculorum, Cic. Ac. 
2, 25, 80 (Kr.): the o. nerves, *nervi qui 
ad videnduin adhibentur. 

optician: bomo vuptices gnarus s. 
peritus. cf. Vitr. 1, 1, 3. Better for bre- 
vity, opticus (like mathematicus, histo- 
ricus, etc.) : or, if to denote an eye-doctor, 
eculorum medicus: v. OCULIST. 

ovtics: opticé, és: Vitr. 1, 1, 3: cf. 
ib. § 16, where the phr. de visu is used 
to represent Gk om7iKos Aoyos. Also 
optica, orum: Caries Divptr. 

option; optio: you huve the o. 
whether .., 0. vobis datur, utrum..., 
Cic. in Quint. 5, 10, 6g: Liv. Join: 
optionem potestatemque facere alicui, 
id. Div. Verr. 14. 45. Phr.: I shall 
have the o. either to publish the bol: or 
suppress it, erit liberum mili vel pub- 
licare vel continere (librum), Plin. Ep. 
1, 8, 3: J have no o. in the matter, res 
non est mei arbitrii, cf. Cic. Att. 15, 13: 
I have ro longer any o., non integrum 
est mihi, cf. id. Att. 15, 23. 

optional ;: cujus rei optic datur (est): 
cf. preced. art. 

optionally: ex optione: v. OPTION. 

opulence: Spiilentia (great wealth : 
rare). Sall. Cat. 52, med. (opp. to egestas). 
Fig.: of language: Claud. See also 
RICHES. Phr.: those uho live in ease 
and o., quibus domi otium atque di- 
vitiae affluunt, Sall. Cat. 36. 

opulent: 1, Spiilens, ntis; and 
more freq. Opilientus: Jvin: opu- 
lentus fortunatusque, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 70 
plenum atque opulentum [oppidum], 
Caes. B. C. 3, 80. 2, locuples, dives: 
VY. WEALTHY, RICH Phr.: a feu o.men, 
pauci opibus et copiis affluentes, Cic. 
Agr, 2, 30,82: to be extremely o., divitiis 
abundare (affluere, Lucr.): v. RICHES. 
[N.B —Opulentus seems not to be used 
fig. of diction: but Hor. bas dives in 
this sense: fundet opes, Latiumque 
beabit divite lingua, Ep. 2, 2, 121.] 

or: ], In sentences not interro- 
gative: J], aut, usu. following another 
aut; = either...or: a preceding aut 
is not found when what follows is rather 
an afterthought than an alternative pri- 
marily entertained : cf. Cels. 1, 2, exer- 
citationis plerumque finis esse debet 
sudor, aut certe lassitudo, a perspira- 
tion; or, at ieast, fatigue: add Cic. Div. 
2, 26, init. Sometimes aut = or else ; 
when a sudden turn is given to the dis- 
course: cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 5, omnia... 
bene ei sunt dicenda, qui hoc se posse 
profitetur, aut eloquentiae nomen re- 
linquendum est, or else he must aban- 
don,etc. 2, vél, freq. following another 
vel; — whether ... or: denoting not, as 
aut usually does, a distinct alternative, 
but rather one which is compatible with 
the former one: L. G. § 570. -ve is 
simply an abbreviated form of vel, 
being used enclitically: L. G. § 570, 
Obs. 2. 3, sive (seu): both with and 
without an antecedent sive (seu): 
usually indicating an indifference be- 
tween two alternatives: V. WHETHER. 
[Kr. thus sums up the uses of the 
above :—Uhe particle aut distinguishes 

522 


ORATORY 





objects or sentences, which are either 
actually opposed, or at least regarded 
as quite different: vel indicates that it 
is, in the given case, indifferent which of 
the objects or predications is accepted ; 
whether they differ or not in them- 
selves being another question: -ve dis- 
tinguishes mostly single words, less 
frequently sentences ; and denotes a less 
important verbal or real difference : 
sive is used (1) when an option is given 
between two or more names or predi- 
cates of the same thing; and (2) when 
the writer, himself hesitating between 
two or more causes, conditions, elc., 
leaves the reader to accept which alter- 
native he chooses. ] |]. In interroga- 
tive sentences:  ], an, following utrum 
or -ne in the former part of the double 
question: is it money that makes you 
prouder, or (the fact) that the com- 
mander consults you ? utrum te super- 
biorem pecunia facit, an quod te im- 
perator consulit? Cic. Fam. 7, 13: am J 
to go to Rome, or stay here? Romamne 
venio, an hic maneo? id. Att. 16, 8: 
sometimes, esp. in dependent questions, 
the antecedent whether is not expressed : 
shall I speale out or hold my peace ? 
eloquar an sileam? Virg. Aen. 3, 39: 
to doubt whether anything be right or 
wrong, dubitare aequum sit quicquam 
| an iniquum, Cic. Off. 1, 9, fin. 2. -né 
(infreq.): it was uncertain uhether they 
had conquered or been conquered, in- 
certum fuit vicerint, victine essent, Liv. 
5, 28, med.: Nep. Esp. in the expr., 
or no, necne: v. infr. (4, 2). 3, pleo- 
nastically, anné (infreq.) to ask whether 
there are feu or many, interrogare pauca 
sint anne roulta, Cic. Ac. 2, 29 93. 4. 
expr. or not, ov no, by (1). annon (or as 
two words): ts it the person I am in 
search of or not? isne est quem quaero 
annou? Ter. Ph. 5, 6,12: Cic. (2). less 
freq. necné (in questions expressed by 
whether ...or no): the questicn arises, 
whether or no there are gods, quaeritur 
sintne dii necne sint. Cic. N. D.1, 22, 61: 
also without the verb being repeated : 
whether batile could be advantageously 
joined or no, utrum proelium commitu 
ex usu esset, necne, Caes. B. G. I, 50. 
(N.B.—Never aut in questions.) 

orach: atriplex, icis: Col.: Plin. 
(*A. hortensis, Linn.) 

oracle: 1. Oracilum (strictly, 
the response of we deity: also by meton., 
the ovacular shrine): to deliver an 0., 
o. dare, edere, Cic. Tusc 1, 48, extr.: 
to seek an 0. rom Delphi (= consult the 
0. of Delphi), o. Delphis petere, id. Div. 
I, 43, 95: also, o. quaerere, Virg. G. 4, 
449; poscere, ib. 3, 456; consulere (by 
no means in prose), Ov. M. 3, 8: the so 
famous o. of (lit. at) Delphi, ilrad o. Del- 
phis tam celebre, Cic. Div. 1, 19, 375 80, 
maxime inclitum in terris 0. (sc. Del- 


phorum), Liv. 1, 56, med. Zire 
sponsum (the response: Gr. xpyopos) : 
Liv. 1. ¢. jin..: Tac.: Virg. 3, sors, 


soitis, f. (strictly, a billet or ticket; the 
responses being written on such: hence 
meton., the sentence inscribed): the 
Lycian o.s (i. e. of Apollo), Lyciae s., 
Virg. Aen. 4, 346: Ov. (liv. has, 
responsa sortium, 1, 56: but the use of 
sortes alone = oracula js poet.) Phr.: 
they sent to consult the o. of Delphi, 
miserunt Delphos consultum, Nep. Phem. 
2: tor consulere, also deliberare, id. Milt. 
init. (ex his delecti Delphos deliberatum 
missi sunt): the act of enquiry is de- 
noted by sciscitari, Cic. Div. I, 34, jfin.: 
Liv. 1, 56, fin.: also by scitari (oracula), 
Virg. Aen. 2, 114: he speaks like an o., 
*jita loquitur homo tanquam si deorum 
oracula ederet. 

oracular: expr. by Oracilum: ve- 
ceiving his words as 0., quae dixerat 
oraculi vice accipiens, Tac. A. 6, 21 (R. 
and A.). Phr.: im an o. manner, per 
ambages : Vv. MYSTERIOUSLY. 

oracularly : v. preced. art. 

oral: hr.: to reserve a matter for 
o. communication, aliquid praesenti ser- 
moni reservare, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8: no o. 
answer was given to the messenger, 


. 








nuntio nihil voce responsum est, Liv. 1 
54, med.: to give o. instruction to pupils, 
verbis praecipere discentibus, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 39, 113: 0. tradition, *quae sine lit- 
teris memoriae traduntur: 0. communi- 
cation, viva illa ut dicitur, vox, Quint. 
2, 2, 8: Plin. min. 
orally ; voce, verbis, sine litteris: 
y. preced. art. Sometimes cOram may 
serve: to discuss a thing 0 with any 
one, coram cum aliquo aliquid agere, 
Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 1nit.: ¥. FACE TO & ACE. 
orange: *malum aurantium: the 
tree, *citrus Aurantium (Linn.). 
orange-colour: *color luteus, qualis 
est mali aurantii: less precisely, color 
croceus: V. SAFFRON, YELLOW. 
orangery: *citrétum: after anal. of 
pinetum, etc 
orang-outang: *simia satyrus 5 
pithecus satyrus; pongo (diff. species): 
Cycl. 
oration: 1, dratio (more com- 
prehensive than Eng., and including 
any kind of speech or discourse); to 
compose, adorn, deliver an 0., 0. facere, 
ornare, habere, Cic.: v. SPEECH. A small} 
or short 0., oratiuncula: Cic. Br. 19, extr. 
2. contio (speech before the people or 
an army): to deliver an o., c. habere, 
Cic. Agr. 2, init.: Cacs.: V. HARANGUE, 
A funeral o., laudatio (sc. funebris), 
Cic. Mil. 13, init.: Quint. 3, 7, 2 (1. fue 
nebris): less freq., epitaphium (Gr. 
émutad.os Adyos): @ festival or eulo- 
gistic 0., panegyricus : V. PANEGYRIC, 
orator: 1, orator: an absolutely 
perfect o.; ©. plenus aique perfectus, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 13, extv.: omni laude cu- 
mulatus 0., ib. 1, 6, init.. an accomplished 
0., 0. doctus, ib. 3, 35, 143: to reckon 
any one among o.s, aliquem in oratorun: 
numero habere, ib. 1, 16,72: to discourse 
concerning the function and principles 
of the o. de officio et ratione oratoris 
disputare, ib. 1, 18,82. (N.B.—Rhetor is 
a Greek teacher of rhetoric.) 2, (vir) 
@ldquens (a truly eloquent man ; a good 
o.: whereas orator includes good, bad, 
or indifferent): the paucity of great 0.8, 
eloquentium paucitas, Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 
19: incomparably the greatest of 0.s, 
(vir) longe omnium in dicendo gra- 
vissimus et eloquentissimus, ib. 1, 11, 47. 
Phr.: an excellent or admirable o., 
divinus homo in dicendo, ib. 1, 10, 40; 
ornatus homo in dicendo et gravis, ib. 
§ 42; bomo in dicendo acerrimus et 
copiosissimus (full of fire and elo- 
quence) : to be a very great o., summam 
vim habere dicendi, ib. 1, 20, init.: a 
perfect born o., unus ad dicendum in- 
structissimus a natura, ib. 3, 8, extr.: 
to be the first of o.s, principatum elo- 
quentiae tenere, Nep. Att. 5. 
oratorical : 1, oratorius (per- 
taining to the orator or his ait): theo. 
faculty, o. vis dicendi, Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 32: 
the o. art, ars 0., Quint. prooem. § 17. 
(Rhetoricus = rhetorical; relating to 
technical side of eloquence.) 2. expr. 
by orator: the o. gift, vis oratoris [pro- 
fessioque dicendi]}, Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 21. 
Phr.: to have o. power (multum, plu- 
rimum), in dicendo valere, id. Br. 7, 29 
V. ORATOR (jin.). See also RHETORICAL, 
oratorically ; oratorie (after the 
manner of an orator: rare): Cic. Br. 
68, 227: Quint. (Or by circuml., oratoris 
modo, ex oratoris ratione: Vv. ORATOR.) 
oratorio: *drama melicum sacrum 
quod sine gestu peragitur. 
oratory: |. The oratorical art: 
], expr. by dico: ef. Cie. de Or. 2, 
2, init., bene dicere, quod est, scienter 
et perite et ornate dicere (good o.): the 
entire doctrine of o., omnis doctrina 
dicendi, id. Part. 1, 3: the profession of 
0., professio bene dicendi, id. de Or. 1, 6, 
21. the art or study of o., ariificium s. 
studium dicendi, ib. 2, 7, 29: the theory 
of o., ratio dicendi, Quint. prooem. init. 
Q, oratoria ars: Quint. prooem. § 17. 
8, rhétdricé, és; and rhétorica, ae: 
Cic.: Quint.: v. RHETORIC. See also 
ELOQUENCE. I]. In concrete sense, 
eloquent speech: éldquentia; vis di- 
cendi: V. ELOQUENCE. Styles of 0., genera 


j 


P 
' 


- 





ORB 


dicendi: Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 92. Wh. 4 
of prayer : Oratorium (sc. sacellum, 

templum): Aug. Ep.: M.L, (Sacrarium, 
sacellum, aedicula, are too general: and 
proseucha is used only of the praying- 
places of the Jews.) 

orb (subs.): orbis, is, m. (anything 
disk-like or globular): to fill her o. (ot 
the moon), o. implere, Ov. M. 7, 530: 
Virg. Dimin., orbiculus (a small disi) : 
Plin. : v. GLOBE, 

orb (v.) : in orbem torqueri s. curvari : 
cf. Cic. ‘Tim. 7: Ov. M. 2, 715. Phr.: 
to o. into the perfect whole (Vennyson), 
*quasi orbem (suum) plenum atque per- 
fectum coniplere. 

orbed (part. adj.): expr. by orbis: 
o. shield (Milt.), orbis clypei: ef. Virg. 
Aen. 10. 783: that 0. blaze (Keble), ful- 
cidus ille orbis: cf. Virg. G. 1, 459. See 
also ROUND, crRCULAR.  (Orbiculatus, 
only of small objects ) 

o:bit: 1. orbis, is, m.: Cic. Rep. 
6, 15 (sidera circulus suos orbesque con- 
ficiunt) - to traverse a greater or less 0., 
0. majorem, minorem lustrare, id. Tim. 
g: cf. id. Ac. 2, 20, 66, cursu interiore, 
brevi convertitur orbe (poet.). 2, cir- 
ciilus (less good): cf. supr. (1). : 
ambitus, us: the eight o.s (of the pla- 
netary system), octo ambitus, Cic. Tim. 
7, med.: Plin.: v.crrcuiT. 4, cursus, 
ls (an indefinite expr.): v. coursE. (Cf. 
supr.1.) Phr.: these go through their 
o.s with a contrary motion, versantur 
contrario motu, Cic. Rep. 6, 17: v. TO 
REVOLVE. (N.B.—Orbita in good au- 
thors = a wheel-track.) 

orchard; pomarium: Cic. Sen. 15, 








fin.: Hor. An o.-house, *pomarium 
tectum. 
orchestra: |. art of a theatre: 


orchestra; Suet. Caes. 39: Vitr. Il. 
The body of musical performers: *sym- 
phoniiici: v. musician. Sometimes, by 
meton. = the instrumental music as dis- 
tinguished from the voices: symphonia : 
V. MUSIC. 

orchid: orchis, is, f.: Plin. 26, 10, 
62. (Natural order, *Orchidaceae.) 

ordain: |. Yo enact, declare with 
authority : sancio, statuo, décerno, jaibeo, 
@dico, etc.: v. TO APPOINT, DI CREE, ENACT, 
ORDER. ||. To appoint to the clerical 
office: ordino, 1: Conf. Angl. Art. 36. 
or has ordinare magistratus, Caes. 
76. 
Deana: jadicium Dei; called also 
vulgaris purgatio: Blackstone in Cycl. 
s.v. (Low Lat. ordalium: v. Du Cange, 
s.v.) Phr.: togothrough the o. by fire, 
incedere per ignes, cf. Hor. Od. 2, 1,77: ct. 
Virg. Aen. 11, 787, medium freti pietate 
per ignem cultores mult& premimus 
vestigia pruna. (For fig. seuse. the best 
word is perh. discrimen: to pass through 
such an o., *in tantum discrimen vocuari, 
adduci; tanti discriminis experimentum 
facere.) 

order (subs.) : |. Disposition, ar- 
rangement : 1, ordo, inis, m. (“ ordi- 
nem sic definiunt, compositionem rerum 
aptis et uccommodatis locis:” Cic. Off. 1, 
40, 143): to reduce things to o., res in 0. 
redigere, Auct. Her. 3, 9, init.: to ob- 
serve, adhere to a certain o., 0. servare, 
tenere, Cic. Ph. 5, 13, 35. Esp. in certain 
adverb. phrr.: im (due) o., ordine, Ter. 
Ad. 3, 2, 53: Cic.: also, in ordinem: to 
keep accounts in (regular) o., tabulas in 
o. conficere, Cic. R. Com, 2, extr. : and ex 
ordine (in due o., in turn), Cic. Verr. 4, 
64, 143: without o., nullo ordine, Cic. 
in Kr.); sine ordine, Caes. (in Kr). 

oin: ordo et dispositio fargumen- 
torum], Cic. de Or. 2, 47,179. See also 
4BRANGEMENT. 2. descriptio (lit. 
drawing or mapping out : hence, system 
ororder): Join: descriptio utque ordo, 
Cic. de Or. 2,9, 36. 70 arrange in o.: 
(1). ordino, 1: to arrange in o. the parts 
of a speech, 0. partes orationis, Cic. Inv. 
I, 14, 19: todvaw up an army in o. of 
battle, aciem o., Just. 11, 9, med.: Vitr. 
3, 14: v. infr. (IL). (2). digéro, dis- 
p010, 3: Vv. TO ARRANGE. To thiow out 
of o., turbare, disjicere: Vv. DISORDER. 
Phr.: the o. of nature, *naturae rerum | 


ORDER 


constantia atque ordo; mundi stuabilis 
ordo seriesque rerum omnium (cf. ordo 
seriesque causarum, Cic. liv. 1, §5, 125° 
cuntinuatio seriesque rerum, id. N. D. 
I, 4, extr.): V. REGULARITY, I]. Spe- 
cially, order of battle: 1, expr. by 
acies (defined by Veg. as, exercitus in- 
structus, Mil. 3,14): to form troops in 
0. of battle, a. instruere, Caes. B. G. t, 
223; ordinare, Veg. |. c.: Just. (ordinare 
refers primarily to the disposition of | 
troops; instruere, to the preparation 
for battle): having remarked the Per- | 
sian o. of battle, a. Persarum conspecta, 
Front. 2, 3, 3: @ slanting o. of battle, 
obliqua a., ib. 2, 3, 1. So by exer- 
citus (in connexion with ordino, in- 
struo): he led forth his army in such | 
o. that ..., ita ordivatum produxit 
exercitum, ib. 2, 3, 4: cf. ib. ¢ 3, si- 
mili ratione suos ordinavit, he adopted | 
a corresponding 0. of battle. 2. or- 
dinatio (late): this kind of 0., boc 
genus ordinationis, ib. § 4. 3. in- 
structionis ordo (late): ib. § 4: also, 
instructura, ib.§ 17. Phr.: to march 
in good 9., ordinatim ire (opp. to passim), 
Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 13: to advance 





out of 0. incompusite venire, Liv. 25, 
37, med. Il. Regularity, observance 
of order: Phr.: toubserve moderation 


and o. in things, rebus modi quendam 
et ordinem adbibere, Cic. Off. 1, 5, extr.< | 
a lover of 0., quem disposita omnia et ! 
ordinata delectant, cf. Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 23 | 
comipositus ordinatusque vir, Sen. V. B. 8, 
33 qui omnia ordine suo peragere solet, 
cf. Plin. Ep. Lc. § 4: 0. ts Heaven's first | 
law, *lege atque ordine omnia fiunt. 
IV. A direction, mandate : | 
jussum ; for which in abl. use jussu, by 
the 0. of ... (So, injussu, without o.): 
tu execute 0.8, jussa efficere, Sull. Jug. 24: 
to refuse to vbey o.s., j. detrectare, Tac. 
A. 3, 17: by your o., vestro jussu, Cic. 
Man. 9, 26: by 0. of the people, jussu po- 
puli, Nep. Timoth.3. 2, mandatum; 
for which in al. use mandatu (a chai ge, 
injunction, commission: whereas jus- 
sum is an authoritative 0.): to give 
any one 0.8 concerning a thing, de aligua 
re mandata alicui dare, Cic. Fam. 3, 1, 2: 
by my 0.8, mandatu meo, Cie. Fam. 2, 11: 
by o. of the praetor, mandatu praetoris, 
Suet. Caes. 7: Vv. COMMISSION. 3. im- 
pératum (a military command): to obey 
an o., i. facere, Caes. B. G. 5, 37: more | 
freq. pl., imperata facere, ib. 2, 3 : accord- | 
ing to o.s, ad imperatum, ib. 6,2. (AbL. 
imperatu, v. rare: Amm.) 4, impér- 
ium (authority; orders, collectively) : 
to obey o.s, imperio parere, Caes. B.G. 5, 
2: V. AUTHORITY, COMMAND. Phr.: to 
obey 0.8, dicto parere, Liv. 9, 41 (foll. 
both by gen. and dat. of person obeyed ; 
the yen. depending upon subs. dicto; 
the dat. upon verbal phr.): to carry out 
o.s (to the letter), ad praescriptum agere, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 51: to give o.s, imperare, 
praecipere, mandare, etc.; v. TO COM- 
MAND, INSTRUCT (11.). V, A letier or 
Sormula of instructions : 1, rescrip- 
tum (an imperial rescript): Tac. : Ulp.: 
V. RESCRIPT. Q, perscriptio (@ written 
assignment of money): Cic. Att. 12, 51. 
So, to give such an o., perscribere: 0.8 
were given on the treasury, a quaestore 
perscribebantur, Liv. 24, 19 (Lidd. Rom. 
i. 384). 3, dictum (an authoritative 
proclamation, or a summary of orders) ; 
V. EDICT. Vi. Rank, class, body: 
1, ordo: the senatorian, equestiian, 
0., 0. senatorius, equestris, Cic. pass. : 
less freq. of classes not enjoying dignity 
of position: of the libertine o., libertini 
o., Suet. Gr. 18. In mod. Lat. used of 
various bodies: the o. of the Garter, 
*periscelidis 0.: the o. of the Golden 
Fleece, *o. velleris aurei: so of the mo- 
nastic orders: there weve thive o.s of 
begging Franciscans, Franciscanorum 
mendicantium triplex o. erat, k-ras, Coll. 
i, 257, n. 2. corpus, collégium: v. 
CORPORATION. 83, *sdciétas (late) : 
of the o. of Jesuits, *e societate Jesu. 
Pbr.: the lower o.s, vulgus; and in 
later writers, plebs (v. Lower, IL): | 
belonging by birth to the equestrian o., } 











ORDINANCE 


equestri loco natus, Cic. Rep. 1,6: this 
gives membership of the equestrian 0. 
quae equestris nobilitas est, lac. Agr. 4 

Vil. 1m architecture: génus, éris, 
n.: the designations of the three o.s, 
trium g. nominationes, Vitr. 4, 1, 3: the 
usages of the Iunic o., lonici g. mores, 
ib. 4, pref. Phr.: to treat of We prin- 
ciples and usages of the Dorian and 
Corinthian o.s, de lioricis Corinthiisque 
institutis et moribus dicere, ib. pref. : 
so, de lonicis et Corinthiis institu- 
tionibus, ib. 4, 2, exir.: to explain the 
rules of the Loric o., Doricam rationem 
explicare, ib.: after the Doric 0., Dorico 
more, ib. 4, 3, 3. Vitr.alsu uses the expr., 
symmetriae (Doricae, etc.) = Dorici ge- 
neris ratio: ib. 4, 3, extr.: et al. 

VIII. Only pl., in phr., holy orders : 
to take o.s, ordinari; secundum ritus 
ecclesiae consecrari, ordinari: cf. Cont. 
Angl. Art. 36: concerning (holy) 0.8, *de 
ordine [clericorum), Cont. Wirt.: to be 
admitted to o.s, *iL ordinem clericorum 
institui: their o.s are nut thought valid, 
*episcopi sacerdotesque eorum haud rite 
consecrari existimarntur. 


order (v.): |. Zo arrange : dispono, 
ordino, describo, etc.: Vv. TO ANRANGE, 
LAY OUT. li. Zo command : >t 


jubeo, ssi, ssum, 2 (usu. foll. by aec. and 
inf.): he ordered them to await las 
arrival, eos suum adventum exspectare 
jussit, Caes. B.G. 1, 29, et pass.: less 
freq. with suij.: with ut, in a positive 
order (Liv. 32, 16, med.; jussit, uf quae 
venissent naves Eubot am peterent), or 
without conj. at all (jube, mibi denuo 
respondeat, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 24: where 
there are, in fact, two sentences ; and 
ne, in a negative one (Hirt. B. G. 8, 52). 
Also the dat. occurs rarely for ace (lac 
A. 13, 15, Britannico jussit, exsurgeret) 
Q. impéro, 1 (regularly, with dat 
and ut with subj.): Vv. TO COMMAND. 
3. édico, xi, ctum, 3 (to tissue a 
formal order: with subj.): at the be- 
ginning of spring, I 0. you to appear, 
primo vere, edico, adsitis, Liv. 21, 22. 
orderly (adj.): |, Well-arranged: 
1, ordinatus: with old men every- 
thing quiet and o. is in keeping, senibus 
placida omnia et ordinata conveniunt, 
Plin. kp. 3, 1,2: an o. (well-arranged) 
infirmary, valetudinarium bene 0., Col. 
12, 3, med. Q, dispdsitus: an o. life, 
d. viia (hominum), Plin. Ep. l. c.: in 
same sense appy., compositus, Sen. V. B. 
8, 3. 3. distinctus (marked out, me- 
thodically arranged): Plin. Ep.1.c. § 1 
(distincta vita, eadem quae Wex dispo- 
sita, quum cuilibet negotio suum Lempus 
assiguatur, Gierig, ad l.). Phr. tan 
0. manner, ordinatim, Brut. in Cic. Fam. 
II, 13; composite, Col. 6, 2, ad tnit.: 
Vv. ORDER (I.-ILL.). [|], Loving order: 
dispdsitus, ordinatus; modi ordinisque 
studiosus: v. ORDER (I11.). — [I}. Well 
conducted: midestus: a most excellent 
and o. section of the common people, 
plebs optima et modestissima, Cic. Agr. 
2, 31, uit. : 
orderly (subs.): perb. stator (a 
magistrate’s attendant): Cic. Fam. 2, 
1g: or, tessérarius (an officer whose duty 
was togive the pass-u ord) : Tac. H. 1, 25 
ordinal: ordinalis, e: the 0. nume- 
rals, 0. nomina, Prise. fig. Num. 5, init. : 
o. numeri, Krehl., etc. 
ordinance: |. An enactment : 
], scitum: esp. an enactment of the 
commons, apart From the patrician 
order, plebis scitum, or, as one word, 
plebiscitum : where the os of other 
nations are spoken of, popult scitum 13 
used: e.g. of Athens, Cic. opt. gen. 7, 
19: Nep. Rarely of other 0.8: the 0.8 of 
the pontiff, pontiticis s., Liv. 1, 20 2. 
édictum (an authoritative proclama- 
tion): v. EDICT. 8, rescriptum (an 
imperial o., issued in reply to an appli- 
cation) : to appeal against the o, of the 
emperor, adversus r. principis provocare, 
Ulp. 49, 1, 1: Plin. Ep. 4. expr. by 
sancio, xi, ctum, 4 (formally to enact 
or ordain): ano. of the people or com- 
mms, quod populus plebesve sanxit, 
Cic. Bal. 14, 33: the os of the decemuirs, 
523 


ORDINARILY 








tabulae quae bis quinque viri sanxerunt, 
Hor. Ep. 2,1, 24. ||. A veligious cere- 
mony: Titus, *sacramentum: v. RITE, 


SACRAMENT. See also CEREMONY. 
ordinarily : |. Commonly : fére, 
plerumque: v. USUALLY, GENERALLY. 


I]. Zn a common degree: medio- 
criter ; not even an o. good speaker, ne m. 
quidem disertus, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 91. 

ordinary: |. Common, usual : 

1, usitatus: an 0. and quite com- 
mon honour, u. honor pervulgatusque, 
Cic. Ph. 14, 4, I1: in an 0. manner, u. 
more, id. Verr. 2, 2, 3,9: itis ano. thing 
(a general practice), usitatum est, ib. 5, 
44,117. 2, quotidianus (of everyday 
use): 0. (familiar) language, q. verba, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 21. 8, translaticius or 
tralaticius (preserved by transmission 
or custom): to speak in the 0. manner, 
loqui more tr., Phaedr. 5, 8, 24: ano. 
Jureral, funus tr.. Suet. Ner. 33: if ts 
the 0. procedure (nothing novel), transla- 
ticium est, Cic. Fam. 3, 9, ad med. : Gell. 

||. Not exceeding mediocrity: 1, 
médiocris, e: Oo 0. man, non m. Vir, 
Cic. Rep. 3, 11; non m. homo, Ter. Ad. 
5,9, 9: to use no o, diligence, non m. 
diligentiam adhibere, Caes. B Gil3;) 20) 

9, vulgaris, e: v. COMMON. Bh 
quotidianus (rare in this eens no 0. 
linen (dress), sindon non q., Mart. 11, 
1,2. Phr.: an o. person, unus e (de) 
multis, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, jfin.: Off. 1, 30, 
tog: Ov. 

ordination: i. e. to clerical office, 
ordinatio: Conf. Angl. Art. 36: Forcell. 
See also TO ORDAIN (II.). 

ordnance: tormenta, orum: v. AR- 
TILLERY. 

ordure: stercus, 6létum (= stercus 
humanum, Fest. s. v.): v. DUNG. Jo 
defile with 0., concico, 1: Phaedr. 4, 
18, II. 

ore: aes, aeris, n.: “significat autem 
aes omne metallum (praeter aurum et 
argentum) quod rude effoditur (Erz), 
praecipue tamen cuprum,” Forcell. s. v. 
Iron, gold, silver o., *ferrum, aurum, 
argentum rude. 

oread: reas, ddis, f.: Virg.: Ov. 

organ: |. Any instrument: the 
eye is the o. of sight, *oculis res ex- 
ternas cernimus : to lack any o. (bodily), 
*aliqua parte corporis mancum esse: 
the o.s of generation, genitalia, ium ; 
naturalia; also, natura: v. GENITALS. 

I]. Zhe musical instrument : or- 
ganum : Cass. in Foreell.; “ organum est 
quasi turris quaedam diversis fistulis 
fabricata, quibus flatu follium vox 
copiosissima destinatur:’’ Expos. in 
Ps. cl.: Aug. 

organic: *organicus: in this sense, 
necessary as scient. ¢. ¢. (strictly, orga- 
nicus = mechanical, mechanically con- 
trived). O. substances, * quae res ani- 
mantium nascentiumve natura constant : 
an o. defect, *ipsius rei naturae vitium. 

organically: Phr.: a constitution 
o. defective, *corpus in quo vitiosum 
aliquid natura est. 

organism: compages, is, f. (that 
which ts fastenediand framed together) : 
these bodily 0.8, hae c. corporis, Cic. Sen. 
21, 77: this 0. (body politic) has grown 
up together, haec ¢ coaluit, Tac. H. 4, 
"4, fin. Phr.: creatures, with a mar- 
vellously subtle o., immensae subtilitatis 
animalia, Plin. 11, init.: creatures, with 
a very simple o., *corpora quorum partes 
admodum simplici ratione inter se co- 
haerent. 

organist: *organicen, 

organization: |. The act of or- 
ganizing or arranging: — 1, ordinatio 
(orderly arrangement): cf. Vell. 2, 124, 
ordinatio comitiorum quam manu sua 
scriptam D. Augustus reliquerat, i. e. 
his fresh o. of the comitia: so, expr. by 
ordo, ordino: he established the follow- 
ing o. of the people by classes and cen- 
turies, according to property, classes 
centuriasque et hunc ordinem ex censu 
descripsit, Liv. 1, 42, extr.: *populum 
per classes centuriasque ordinavit atque 
descripsit. 2. descriptio (a planning 
or laying out): the o. of centuries and 

524 


inis (?). 





ORIGINAL 


ORIGINATE 








classes, d. centuriarum classiumque, Liv. 
4,4: id. 1, 43, extr. 3, températio (the 
right adjusting of different elements) : 
the principles and o. of a state, disciplina 
ac t. civitatis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 1: cf. Liv. 
9, 46, extr., ordinum temperatio (adjust- 
ment of the relations between the patri- 
cians and plebeians). (Or expr. by de- 
scribo, tempero: V. TO ORGANIZE.) |]. 
An organized frame : V. ORGANISM. 

organize : ], ordino, 1: v. TO 
ARRANGE. Q, describo, psi, ptum, 3 (to 
lay out, plan, arrange systematically) : 
he o.d the finance on Pompey's plan, 
pecuniam ad Pompeii rationem de- 
scripsit, Cic. Fl. 14, 32: Liv. (cf. preced. 
art.1). 3, tempéro, r (to adjust duly): 
to found and o. states, civitates con- 
stituere atque t., Cic. Ac. 2, I, 3: more 
fully, rempublicam institutis et legibus 
.,1G: Luse: 1, 1,2. 

orgies : |. Lit., religious obser- 
vances in honour of Bacchus: orgia, 
orum: Virg. Aen. 4, 303. The 0. of 
Bacchus, Bacchanalia, ium and iorum: 
Liv. 39, 8: Juv. Also, as gen. term, 
sacra, orum: the high-priest of the 
nightly o., nocturnorum antistes S., Liv. 
si |]. Revelry: comissatio: Cic. : 
Suet. : v. REVELRY. 

oriel : an o. window, perh. maeniani 
fenestra (forming, as it does, a sort of 
balcony) : Vv. BALCONY. 

orient: Oriens, 
EASTERN. » 

oriental: 1. expr. by Oriens, ntis 
(subs.): 0. customs, *Orientis gentium 
mores, instituta, leges: an old o. super- 
stition, vetus et constans Orientis gen- 
tium opinio, cf. Suet. Vesp. 4. He 
Asiaticus s. Asianus: a term used to 
denote the Asiatic or oriental style of 
oratory: Cic. Br. 13, 51 (Asiatici ora- 
tores): Quint. 12, 10, 16 (Asiani sc. 
oratores). An 0. richness and exu- 
berance of style, * efflorescens redund- 
ansque orationis genus, quale Asiano- 
rum (qui dicuntur) solet esse: cf. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 6, 20. 

orifice: foramen, inis, n.: Hor. A. P. 
203 (of the wind-holes of a flute): 08, 
Oris, n. (of the nature of a mouth): Vv. 
HOLE, MOUTH. 

origin: _1.. origo, inis, f. (gen. 
term): the o. (rise) of all things, 0. 
rerum, Cic. Tim. 3: to derive o. from 
any one, ab aliquo (auctore) 0. ducere, 
Hor. Od. 3, 17, 5: also, 0. deducere, 
trahere, Plin. 2 principium (the be- 
ginning or first principle of anything : 
whereas origo is simply the first rise or 
coming into being of anything: cf. Cic. 
Rep. 6, 25, principio nulla est origo) : 
the source and o. of motion, fons, pr. 
movendi, Cic. Rep. 6, 25: to trace the 
0.8 of things to the gods, principia rerum 
a diis ducere, id. Vat. 6, imit.: v. BEGIN- 
NING. 8, ortus, Us (= origo: but less 
freq.): to call to mind the earliest o. of 
anything, alicujus rei primum 0. re- 
cordari, Cic. Leg. 3, 8, fin.: Ov. See also 
sourcr. Phr.: (the Belgae) of German 
o., orti a Germanis. Caes. B. G. 2, 4: of 
mean o. (no family), nullis majoribus 
ortus, Hor. 8. 1, 6, 1c: in plain prose, 
loco obscuro tenuique fortuna ortus, 
Liv. 26, 6, fin.: a remoter o. is denoted 
by oriundus: born at Carthage, but of 
Syracusan o. (extraction), natus Car- 
thagine sed oriundus ab Syracusis, Liv. 


ntis: Vv. EAST, 


24,6, init. See also DESCENT, FAMILY, 
STOCK. ? 
original (adj.): |. Primary : 


1, primigénius ( first produced, pri- 
mitive): nature gave (man) the o. seeds, 
p. semina dedit natura, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 
ad init.: o. words, p. verba, Varr, L. L. 
6, 5, 36. 9, principilis, primitivus : v. 
PRIMITIVE. §, antiquus: those are the 
real, 0. names, ea vera et a. nomina, 
Tac. G. 2: to restore a thing to its o. 
condition, aliquid in antiquum redigere, 
cf. Liv. 33, 40, jin. 4. pristinus 
(former): the 0. (heretofore) practice 
of the courts, p. mos judiciorum, Cic. Mil. 
init.: V. FORMER. Phr.: the o. inha- 
bitants of Africa were the Gaetulians, 


poem, 





Africam initio habuere Gaetuli, Sall. Jug. 
18, init.: so, Britanniam qui mortales 
initio coluerint, Tac. Agr. 11, mit. Some- 
times primus will serve: v. FIRST. 
(N.B.— Avoid originalis.) |], Native; 
not acquired; Phr.: 0. powers, ingé- 
nium: fo have greater 0. power than 
cultivation, plus ingenio quam arte 
valere, Quint. 1, 8, 8: Cic.: so some 
times indoles: v. GENIUS. Wh. Not 
borrowed ; in literary sense: Phr.: 
a history of Rome from o. sources, *his- 
toria Romana, ab ipsis veterum scrip- 
torum fontibus petita: he read an o. 
*versus a se ipso scriptos re- 
citavit: the figure in Virgil is not o., 
*translatio Virgiliana haud propria est 
sua; abalioeam est mutuatus, See also 
ORIGINAL, subs. (1.). IV. Peculiar, 
unique: Phr.: he is a very 0. writer, 
*scribendi genere plane proprio suo 
utitur; minime aliorum exemplorum 
jmitator est; totus ipse est suus: cf. 
Cic. Leg. 2, 7,17, quod quidem facerem 
[i. e. imitarer eum] nisi plane esse 
vellem meus, i.e. to be altogether. o. 
(Kr.). V. Theol. term: Phr.: 0. 
sin, peccatum originis: Conf. August. et 
Angl.: also, peccatum originale, Conf. 
Helv. 

original (subs.) : |. 4 work from 
which others are copied : 1, arché- 
typum: to fall short of the o., ab a. labi 
atque decidere, Plin. Ep. 5, 10: Macr. 
Sat. 5, 13, med. Also the adj. form may 
be used: to have no pictures that are not 
0.s., tabulas omnes archetypas habere, 
cf. Mart. 12,16: that which was the o. 
whence the rest were derived, id exem- 
plar ceterorum archetypon, Lact. pref. 
Lucr. Q, exemplar, aris, v.; exemplum 
(a pattern for imitation): Vv. MODEL, 
PATTERN. 8, expr. by auctor (the pro- 
ducer of an original work) : (passages) 
in which (Virgil) is weaker than the 0., 
in quibus est gracilior auctore, Macr. 
Sat. 5, 13, init. Phr.: in these lines 
Virgil has surpassed the o., in his ver- 
sibus Maro exstitit locupletior interpres, 
ib. 5, 11, ad med.: to compare the trans- 
lation with the o., *interpretationem cum 
ipsius scriptoris verbis contendere. |}, 
A peculiar character :; *qui suum sequi- 
tur ingenium et morem nec ad aliorum 
exemplum (institutum) se componit 
(Kr.); qui totus suus est, cf. ORIGINAL, 
adj. ([V.). Ill. First cause: auctor: 
Vy. AUTHOR. 

originality: *proprietas quaedam 
ingenii: v. PECULIARITY. (Kr. gives, 
forma quaedam ingenii, from Cic. Br. 
85, 294, but the sense there is, an out- 
line, as it were, of genius; i. e. un- 


Formed, uncultivated.) See ORIGINAL, 


adj. ({LI. 1V.). 

originally: |. Primarily: 1, 
primum: v. FIRST (adv.). 2. initio: 
what people o. inhabited Britain, qui 
mortales initio coluerint Britanniam, 
Tac. Agr.11: Sall. So principio (i the 
beginning, at starting): Cic. Off. 1, 4 
init. {]. In an original manner: 
Phr.: he writes originally, *genere 
scribendi novo ac plane suo ntitur 
minime aliorum exempli imitator est 
y. ortGInaL (LYV.). 

originate: |. Trans.: Phr.: 
or whether all things were o.d by the gods, 
an a diis @ principio omnia facta et con- 
stituta sint, Cic. N. D. 1, 1,2: to 0. a free 
state, prima initia inchoare libertatis, 
Liv. 3, 54, med.: that which o.s motion 
in anything, quod motum affert alicui 
rei, Cic. Rep. 6, 25: v. TO BEGIN. IL. 
Intrans.: 1, drior, ortus, 3 and 4: 
it is in the first principle that all things 
0., €X principio oriuntur omnia, Cic. Rep. 
l. c.: this (mischief) 0d in you, hoc 
abs te est ortum, Ter. Andr. 3, 2, 9. 

9. expr. by principium, initium, and 

a verb: the movement of other things 
0.8 here, ceteris (rebus) hoe principium 
est movendi, Cic. Rep. lL. c.: @ war v.ing 
in famine, bellum quod a fame initium 
ducit, id. Att. 9, 9, med.: whence all 
things o.d, quae sint initia rerum, ex 
quibus nascuntur omnia, id. Div. 2, 3, 
11: (the fire) v.d in a part of the circus, 








ORIGINATION 


initium (incendii) in parte circi ortum, 
Tac. A. 15,38. 3, préficiscor, fectus, 
3 (to start from): the sinews which (like 
the veins and arteries) 0. in the heart, 
Dervi qui sicut venae et arteriae a corde 
(tracti et) profecti, Cic, N. D. 2, 55, extr. : 





80 of sects 0.ing in a certain master, id. | 


Div. 1, 3,5. 4, mano, 1: v. TO PRO- 
CEED FROM. See also TO BEGIN, SPRING. 
origination: initium, principium : 
vy. preced, art. 
originator: auctor: v. AUTHOR. 
oriole; perh. chlorion, 6nis, m.: Plin. 
(*Oriola Galbula, Linn.) 


orisons: préces, wm, /f.: V. PRAYER. | 
1, ornamen- 


ornament (svbs.) : 
tum (including also, necessary equip- 
ments, accoutrements) : a (city) which isa 
safeguard and o. to a stute, quae praesi- 
dio et o. est civitati, Caes. B.G.7, 15: 08 


of style, ornamenta dicendi, Cic. Br. 75, | 


261: (a man who is) among the greatest 
0.8 of his age, inter praecipua saeculi o., 
Plin. Ep. 8, 12, 1. In last use, Join: 
decus atque ornamentum; lumen atque 
0., Cic. 2. ornatus, iis (like preced., 
but collective): all showy o., as of pearls, 
omnis ibsignis 0., quasi margaritarum, 
Cic. Or. 23, 78: to add much o. to style, 
Magnum afferre o. orationi, Cic. Or. 39, 
134. 3. décus, dris, n. (that which sets 
off to advantage, graces, adorns: in lit. 
sense, esp. puet.): bright 0. of the sky 
(the moon), lucidutn coeli d., Hor. Car. 
Saec. 2: (columns) lofty 0. of stages yet 
to be, scenis d. alta futuris, Virg. Aen. 1, 
429: v.pRIDE(IL.). Join: decoraatque 
ornamenta [favorum], Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 
97: see also (1). 4, limen, inis, x. 
(the light and glory of anything): cf. 
Cic. Br. 15, 59, ut hominis decus in- 
genium, sic ingenii ipsius lwmen est 
eloquentia (where lumen is a heightened 
syn. for decus): theo.s, and, in a manner, 
the insignia (trappings, decorative fur- 
niture) of speech, orationis 1. et quodam 
modo insignia, id. Or. 39, 135. ip 
cultus, Gs (adormmen?): Tac. Vial. 26 
(of style). Phr.: false, meretricious o., 
lenocinia, orum: whether of the person 
(corporis), Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146: or, esp. 
of style: Quint. 8, prooem. § 26 (qui non 
ornamenta quaerimus sed lenocinia) : 
in sim. sense, flicus (lit. paint, for the 
cheeks): cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188: 
Quint. : and, calamistri, orum (lit. curl- 
ing-irons) : of the gaudy 0.s of Maecenas, 
Tac. Dial. 26, init. : Cic. 

ornament (v.): orno, exorno (both 
also, to equip); décdro, distinguo: v. 
TO ADORN. 

ornamental: quod ornamento, de- 
cori est: cf. L. G. § 297. ] 

ornamentally: Phr.: to write o., 
*cum multis orationis ornamentis, lu- 
minibus, etc., scribere. 

ornamenting (subs.): ornatio (rare): 
Vitr. (Expr. by verb.) 

ornate: 1, ornatus (in good sense ; 
marlced by all the grace and finish proper 
to eloquence) : ct. Cic. de Or. 1, 12, init., 
composita oratio et ornata, et artificio 
quodam et expolitione distincta. Very so, 
Sa id. Br. 43, 158. 2, pictus: 

oin: (orationis genus) pictum et ex- 
politum, id. Or. 27, fin. Phr.: an over 
o. style, *genus orationis lenociniis magis 
quam ornamentis distinctum : cf. Quint. 
8, prooem, § 26: a gay, o. style of diction, 
nitidum quoddam genus verborum et 
laetum, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 81: he was the 
first to essay more o. passages, primus 
locos laetiores adtentavit, Tac. Dial. 22. 

ornately: ornate (ct. preced. art.) : 
Cic. Join: ornatissime et copiosissime, 
id. Br. 5, extr. Comp. preced. artt. 

ornithological: * ornithdldgicus 
(only as scient. ¢. t.). Usu. expr. by 
aves; to pursue o. studies, *de avium 
genere, natura, proprietatibus quaerere. 

ornithologist: * ornithdldgicus : 
after anal. of geographicus, etc. Or by 
circumL : qui avium naturae peritus est. 

ornithology: *res ornithdlégica 
(only as scient ¢.¢.), Usn. better expr. by 
aves: * generis ay'um naturae scientia. 

orphan (subs.): orbus, /. -a (strictly 
aaj.): excepting male and female o.s, 





OSTENSIBLY 


| 
praeter orbos et orbas, Liv. 3, 3, fin. : 


Ter.: Quint. 
orphan (adj.): orbus: Cic.: Liv.: 
| V. preced. art. 

orph e, orphanhood: orbitas: 

Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228. 
orphan-asylum: orphandtréphium : 
Cod. Just. 1, 2, 17. 

orrery: perb. *plinétarium (the 
Gertnan term): or by circuml., * solis 
planetarumque subtiliter descripta ima- 
go, quemadmodum se orbibus circu- 
lisque suis moventur. (R. and A. give, 
sphaera in qua solis et lunae reliqua- 
rumque stellarum motus insunt: with 
ref. to Cic. Rep. 1, 14, sphaera astris 
| coelo inbaerentibus descripta, which 
| expr. denotes a sort of miniature coeles- 
tial globe.) 
| orthodox: orthddoxus: the o. reli- 
gion, v. religio, Cod. Just. 1,2, 12: Auct. 
in Hier.: M.L. (Or by circuml.: 0. doc- 
trine, *doctrina quae verae fidei Chris- 
tianae congruit: to be o. in doctrine, 
*doctrinam rectam antiquamque tenere.) 

orthodoxy: *dvctrina, fides, religio 
orthodoxa; formula s. doctrina vera, 
antiqua, ab ecclesia recepta. Phr.: a 
zealous champion of o., * acer religionis 
formularum a patribus proditarum de- 
fensor, propugnator, (Orthodoxia occurs 
in late Lat., but is inelegant and unne- 
cessary.) 

orthographical : orthogriphus : Ca- 
pel. As gram. ¢. ¢., better *orthogra- 
phicus, after anal. of geographicus, etc. 
(Or expr. by [recte] scribere: cf. foll. 
art.: to preserve the minutest o. pecu- 
liarities, *scribendi rationem vel minimis 
in rebus conservare: cf. full. art.) 

orthography: 1, orthograpbia : 
Suet. Aug. 88 (orthographia, id est, for- 
mula ratioque scribendi a grammaticis 
instituta): Quint.: M. L. 2. when 
= mode of spelling, scriptiira: I have 
acquiesced in that o., ego in illa acquievi 
s., lan. pref. Plin. page v. Or expr by 
scribo: cf. supr. (1). 

ortolan: avis miliaria: Varr. R. R. 
3, 5, mit. 

oscillate: expr. by inclino, 1 (act. 
and neut.) : the vessel 0.8 rapidly, *celeri 
agitatione navis ultro citroque (se) in- 
clinat, inclinatur: the needle o.s between 
these points, *inter haec duo puncta acus 
ultro citroque se inclinando agitatur. 
(N.B.—Not oscillo; which is to swing 
on avope.) For fig. sense, v. TO HESI- 
TATE, FLUCTUATE. 

oscillation; inclinatio, agitatio. Or 
expr. by verb: they remained in the 
middle of the vessel where the o. is least, 
*in media parte remanserunt, quippe 
ubi minime navis sese inclinando agita- 
retur: v. preced. art. (Oscillatio = 
swinging on a rope: cf. Petr. 140.) 

osier (subs.): vimen, inis, m.: to 
weave out of o.s, viminibus contexere, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 54: the sing. is also used 
collect., esp. poet.: e. g. vimine texere, 
Col. 10, 304. A bed of o.s, viminétum: 
Varr. L. L. 5, 8, 16. 

osier (adj.) : 1, vimineus: vy. 
WICKER. 2. viminalis (pertaining to 
0.8): the o. willow, salix v., Col. 4, 30. 

osprey: Ossifrigus (also -a): Plin.: 
Lucer, 

Osseous: *ossis naturam babens; 
ossefi natura. Minute 0. particles, *ossis 
minutae subtilesque particulae: for 
which Lucr. has, minuta atque pauxilla 
ossa, I, 835. Osseus = made of bone, 
bony. 

ossification; expr. by 6s with a 
verb: wm 0. of the heart, *quando cor in 
os abit; in osseam naturam mutatur. 

ossify ; *in os abire, mutari; osseam 
naturam sumere, induere. 

ostensible: expr. by spécies: esp. 
in abl. specie ; or with per: v. foll. art. 

ostensibly: 1. spécie, per spé- 
ciem: cf. Cic. Am. 13, 47, where specie 
is opp. to reapse ; and Liv. 35, 31, where 
it is opp. to re vera (ostensibly ... but 
in reality) : so, per speciem, with gen. 
of ger. (ostensibly for the purpose of), 
Liv. 39, 35, med. 2. simiilatione, per 
simulationem (with gen. depending oa 








OTHER 







it): gladiators hired o. for Fuustus 
gladiatores empti Fausti simulatione, 
Cic. Sull. 19, 54: Caes. 

ostensive: VY. OSTENSIBLE. 

ostentation: 1. ostentatio: to do 
anything out of o., aliquid ostentationis 
| causa facere, Caes. B. C. 3, 41, fin.: 
empty o., inanis o., Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43: 
V. DISPLAY. , jactatio (braggart lan- 
guage or display): out of o. of karning, 
in jactationem eruditionis, Quint. 1, 5,11: 
Cic. In same sense, jactantia: Tac. : 
Quint. 3, venditatio( puffing, blazoning 
alioad): to do anything without o., sine 
v. [et sine populo teste] aliquid facere, 
Cic. ‘Tusc, 2, 26,64. Join: venditatio 
atque ostentatio, id. Am. 23, 86. 4. 
ambitio (late in precisely this sense): 
no 0, about (their) funerals, funerum 
nulla a., Tac. G. 27, init. 5, pompa 
Koa late in this sense): Sen. Ben. 2, 13: 

Ip. Dig. 

ostentatious: 1. strictly, of per- 
sons only, ostentator, /. -trix (cf. L. G. 
§ 598): an o. rich man, o. pecuniue (al. 
pecuniosus), Auct. Her. 4, 50, init.: so, 
o. factorum, Liv. 1, 10, med. Fig., of 
a mental quality: an o. continence, 
(superba et) veluti sui ostentatrix con- 
tinentia, Macr, Sat. 7, 4, init. 2, glo- 
riosus (boastful, vain-glorious): Cic.: 
Suet. 3, jactans (bragging, boastful) : 
Hor.: Plin. min. In same sense, juc- 
tator: Quint. 4. ambitidsus (showy, 
characterised by display or love of it): 
late in this sense: an o. death, a. mors, 
Tac. Agr. 42, extr. : to prefer what is use 
Jul to what is o., ambitivsis utilia prae 
ferre, Quint. 1, 2, 27. Phr.: Lfeari 
will look like o., *vereor ne speciem 
venditationis ostentationisque specien 
ferat: or perh. vereor ne putidum sit; 
ef. Cic. Att. 1, 14, init.: or expr. by 
se ostentare, venditare: Vv. TO BOAST 
DISPLAY. 

ostentatiously: 1, gldridsé: Cic.: 
Vv. BOASTFULLY. . ambitidsé: o, 
grave, a. tristis, Mart. 1, ad lect.: Tac. 
Agr. 28, extr. 93, jactanter: to mourn 
0. for any one, aliquem j. moerere, Tac. 
A. 2, 77, extr. (Or by circuml, to do 
anything too o., *aliquid nimia cum ven- 
ditatione sui facere: v. OSTENTATION.) 

ostentatiousness: V. OSTENTATION. 

osteology : expr. by de ossibus. 

ostler: agaso, équiso, stabilarius : 
Vv. GROOM. 

ostracise: Phr.: he was od, tes- 
tularum suffragiis e civitate ejectus 
(est), Nep. Them. 8: cf. id. Arist. 1, 
testula illa exsilio decem annorum 
multatus est. 

ostracism : *ostracismus: written 
as Gk. by Nep. Cim. 3, testarum suf- 
Jragia, quod illi oorpaxicpor vocant 
(al. edd Latine scribunt). Or by meton., 
testa, testula, testularum suffragia: v. 
TO OSTRACISE, 

ostrich : strithidcamélus (Struthio 
Camelus, Linn.): Plin. 10, init. Later, 
simply struthio, dnis, m.: Auctt. Hist, 
Aug Of an o., ostrich’s, struthio- 
camelinus: Plin. 

other: |. Not the same as before 
mentioned : ], alius, a, ud: usu. pre- 
ceded by another alius: some (cohorts) 
my brother Quintus, o.s C. Pomptinius 
commanded, aliis Q. Frater, aliis C. 
Pomptinius ..... praeerant, Cic. Fam. 
15, 4, med.: et pass. Possess. adj., 
aliénus, of o.s, belonging to os: Vv. foll 
art. For the recurrence of alius in a 
diff. case after a preceding alius, v. 
ANOTHER (1). 9, alter, éra, érum 
(when two persons or things only are 
spoken of): with another alter = the 
one..., the other: the one lost an 
army, the o. sold one, alter exercitum 
perdidit, a. vendidit, Cic. The pl. is 
used when a different class or party 
is meant: the one class fight, the o. 
fear the victor, alteri dimicant, a. vic- 
torem timent, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, fin. 3. 
partim, pars: after either an antece- 
dent pars, partim; or after alii: of 
beasts some live on land, others in the 
water, bestiarum terrenae sunt aliae 
partim aquatiles, Cic. N. D. :, 37, 103 
525 








OTHERS 


OUT OF 


OUTFIT 





we also find (less freq.) partim ... alii: 
Sall. J. 21, semisomnos partim, alios 
arma sumentes fugant. The form partim 
is in this constr. preferred by Cic.: for 
pars ... pars, see Liv. 22, 8: ete 4, 
céter, éra, rum (all but what has been 
mentioned): the o. part (of the body). 
c. pars, Virg. Aen. 2, 207: much more 
freq. in pl., ceteri=the rest, i. q. re- 
liqui: v. REsT (the). I], To denote 
the remoter of two objects; when the 
one... the other, are opposed: ille, a, 
ud v.oneE(V.). Strengthened by alter: 
the o. (son) he left at home, illum re- 
liquit alterum domi, Pl. Men. prol. 28. 
Ill. Different from: 1, alius: in 
this sense, foll. by atque (ac), quam, 
praeter; rarely by abl. (L. G. § 630): 
do you think me now o. than I was be- 
fore? a. esse censes nunc me atque 
olim? Ter. Andr. 3, 3, 13: Cic.: they 
had elected one o, than himself, a. quam 
se cooptaverant, Suet. Ner. 2: they had: 
no 0. weapons besides swoids, nec tela a. 
habebant praeter gladios, Liv. 38, 21: 
no o. than the wise man, (non) alius 
sapiente.... Hor. Kp. 1, 16, 20: Brut. 
in Cic.: Vv. ELSF. 9. diversus: v. DIF- 
FERENT, OPPOSITE. 
others, belonging to: Alienus: to 
attend to o. people's affairs, aliena curare, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 24: Sall: Cic. (pass.). 
otherwise: |. Differently: 1. 
liter: to think o., a. sentire, Cic. Fam. 
3,7: foll. by atque (ac), quam: o. than 
we could wish, a. ac vellemus, id. Mil. 9. 


23: a.... quam, id. Rab. Post. 11, 29. | 5 


9, expr. by modal ab/., alia ratione, 
alio modo, pacio: Vv. WAY, MANNER. 
3. sécus: a little while ago you 
thought o., pau'lo ante s. tibi videbatnr, 
Cic. Rep. 1, 17: whereas the case is 
pee 0., quod longe s. est, id. Am. 9, 21. 
p. in bad sense, 0. than is 7tyht or 
desirable: cf.Cic. Fin. 3, 13, extr., nobis 
aliter videtur; recte secusne postea 
(=rightly or vrongly) : more expressly, 
8. quam volumus quamque oportet, id 
Att. 6,2, init. 4, contra: v. REVERSE 
(the). (Alias in this sense, late and rare.) 
I] Hypothetically, #2 the contrary 
supposition: |, alioqui,-quin: Ithink 
you have not yet (done so); 0. you would 
have told me, puto nondum: alioqui 
narrasses mihi, Plin. Ep. 8, 8, init.: 
Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 62 (credo... . fuisse; 
alioquin....). (N.B. Not ceteroquin 
in this use.) 9, sinon; sin minus: 
v. IF (2). [I]. In other respects : 
1. cétéra (newt. acc. pl., used ad- 
verb.): a@ man o. admirable, vir c. 
egregius, Liv. 1, 35, med.: Hor. Ep. 1, 
10, extr.: Suet. (Appy. not so in Cic.) 
2. cétérdqui, -quin (in all other 
respects : infreq.): 0. the place is not dis- 
pleasing to me, c. mihi locus non dis- 
plicet, Cic. Fam. 6, 19. 3. alioqui, 
-quin (rare in Cic., and not in present 
sense: v. supr. Ll.): a character marred 
by a few faults, 0. good, paucis mendosa 
natura, a. recta, Hor. S. 1, 6, 65: Liv.: 
Plin. min. 
otter: lutra or lytra: Plin. (L. vul- 
garis, |esm.) 
Ottoman (adj.): *Othmanicus. 
Ottoman: |. A Turk: *Turca. 
I]. 4 kind of couch: *lectus Otho- 
manicus qui dicitur. 
oucht (.): 1, débeo, 2 (denoting 
obligation, in the most general way): 
Cic.: Caes (pass.). 2 Sportet, uit, 2 
(of moral obligation : with Eng. subject 
inacc., foll. by infin.) : those who o. to have 
been put to the sword, quos ferro truci- 
dari oportebat, Cic. Cat. 1, 4, 9: you 0. 
to have humoured the young man, ado- 
lescenti gestum (fuisse) morem oportuit, 
Ter. Ad. 2, 2,6. Less freq. is subj. after 
oporret, WITHOUT CoNJ.: ef. Cic. de Or. 
1, 6, 20, ex rerum cognitione efflorescat 
et redundet oratio oportet: Hor. Ep. 1, 
2,49. N.B.—(1). Ought to have....is 
regularly expr. by perf. of debeo or 
oportet, foll. hy imperf. infin., as pe- 
eunia quam his oportuit dart (not datam 
esse), the money which o. to have been 
given. ‘The use of the perf. infin. in 
such oe refers to the completion of the 
52 








act referred to rather than the doing of it: 
cf. Cic, Cat. 1, 2, 6, hoc quod jam pridem 
factum esse oportnit, which o. to hare 
been done out of hand long since. (2). 
The use of the past timperf. indic., 
debebam, oportebat, is often conditional, 
indicating that something o. to have beer 
done which has not been done (= Gr. 
expnv): ef. L.G.§ 428, Obs. 3, expr. 
by gerund. part.: v. MusT (2). 4. 
sometimes, décet, 2: v. BECOMES (it). 
(N.B.—Ought not may be expr. by non 
licet, néfas est: v. LAWFUL, UNLAWFUL.) 

ought (pron.): morecorrectly, aught: 
after si, né, num, etc., quid: stronger 
form, quippiam: and when the sense is 
anything whatever, quicquam: Vv. ANY. 

ounce: |. The weight: uncia: 
Pl Men. 3 3, 3 (uncia pondo): Plin. 
Dimin., uncidla (a paltry o. or twelfth) : 
Juv. 1,40. Weiyhing an o., uncialis, e: 
asses weighing (only) an 0., asses Un- 
ciales, Plin. 33, 3, 13 § 45: halfano., 
semuncia, Liv. 34, 1: Varr.: weighing 
half an o., semuncialis: Plin. l. c.: two, 
three o.s, etc., sextans, quadrans, etc. 
L. G. § 929. Il. The quadruped: 
*felis uncia (Cycl.). 

our, ours: 1, noster, tra. trum: 
pass. O. friend Lucilius, n. Lucilius 
(or in reverse order), Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7. 
Strengthened (1) by ipse: by our own 
Jault, nostra ipsorum culpa: Vv OWN. 
(2) by -pte (infreq., and only in the 
cases ending in a vowel): nostrapte 
| culpa = nostra ipsorum culpa, Ter. Ph 
Bek2y Xe 2. sometimes expr. by ethic 
dat. nobis (L. G. § 290): what dves our 
Sriend Sannio say after all? quid ait 
tandem nobis Sannio? Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 123 
Vv MY (3). 3, often not to be expr. 
the context explaining: esp. in the cae 


of us all, patria, quae communis est 
omnium nostrum parens, Cic. Val. 1, 7, 
17: after the manner of o. ancestors, 
more majorum: eic, Uf our own country, 
nostras, atis: the philosophers of our 
own c., philosophi nostrates, Cie. Tusc. 
Bats : 0. oun (vernacular) words, 
verba nostratia, id. Fam. 2, 11, mit. 

ourselves: ipsi (in agr. with sub- 
ject nos expressed or understood) ; nos, 
nosmet, nosmetipsi: for constr. v. HIM- 
SELF. Phr. between o., quod inter nos 
liceat (dicere), Cic. N. D. 1, 26, 74: 80, 
quod inter nos sit (let that be between o.), 
Sen. Ep. 12, 2. 

ousel: mériila (blackbird) : Cic. 

oust; éjicio, 3- v. TO EXPEL. 

out (adv.): |, Not within ; abroad : 

1, foris: to dine o., f. coenare, Cic. 

Q. Fr. 3, 1,6: V. ABROAD, OUTSIDE. s 
foras (denoting motion in an outward 
direction) : usu. in connexion with verbs 
which alone might suffice to convey the 
sense: theu burst o. by the gates, portis 
se f. erumpunt, Caes. B C. 2, 14: Vv. 
FORTH. (N.B.- In verbs such as to cast 
out, rush out, etc., the suffix forms a 
compound with the verb: v. TO CAST 
ouT, etc.) I], Of literary works, 
published : expr. by verb: the book is 
not yet o., * liber nondum e prelo exiit, 
nondum emanavit, publicatus est: v. 
TO PUBLISH. [I]. In interj. use, out 
upon! pro, proh! v. SHAME! 

out of (prep.): |. From: 1, ex, 
é (with abl.): they followed Caesar o. 
of the city, Caesarem ex urbe secuti 
sunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 39. to tale away 
friendship o. of life, amicitiam e vita 
tollere, Cic. Am. 13, 47: chosen o. of the 
Senate to form this jury, ex Senatu in 
hoc consilium delecti, id. R. Am. 3, fin. 
(\.B.—E only before consonants; and 
then only when euphonious: ex being 
the true form.) 9. dé (with abl.: 
esp. afier verbs denoting material, out 
of which , also selection from a number) ; 
vy. oF (IL., 11L.). Phr.: 0. of the house, 
foris, foras (v. OUT, adv.): 0. of the coun- 
try, peregre: to be o. of the country, 
peregrinari (Vv. ABROAD; TO TRAVEL): 
see also TO GO OUT, WASH OUT, etc. 

Il. Deprived of ; in phr. out of one’s 

mind, minus compos sui, Liv. 42, 28, 








of such subss. as patria, 1 atres Mejores =) 
0. country, uhich is the common parent | 











fin.; alienata mente, Caes. B. G. 6, 415 
to send any one o. of his mind, mentem 
(alicui) alienare, Liv. 1. c.: see aiso IN- 
SANE, MAD. Ill. Beyond range of: 
extra (with acc.): 0. of shot, extra teli 
jactum, Curt. 3, 10, int. (or by circum|., 
they kept o. of fire, *longius se con- 
tinebant quam que tela hostium per- 
venire s. adigi possent). IV. 2zceed- 
ing acertain limit: Phr.: tt ws 0. of 
our poiwer, Don opis est nostrae (poet.), 
Virg. Aen. 1, 601; non ea potestas 
est nostra, ut... (denoting the right to 
do something, not the mere physical 
ability, as in preced. case), ‘ler. Heaut. 
4, 3,42: it was 0. of Milo’s power to stay, 
Miloni manendi nulla facultas (erat), 
Cic. Mil. 17, 45: 0. of season, intem- 
pestivus ; with adv. intempestive (v. 
UNSEASONABLE, UNSEASONABLY): 0. of 
order, extra ordinem (Vv. EXTRAORDI- 
NARY): 0. of all bounds, ut nihil possit 
ultra, Cic. Att. 15, 1, B V. Denoting 
a motive; 1. per (esp. to denote the 
feeling under which an action ts done) : 
0. of sport and jest, per ladum et jocum, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60: as though o. of re- 
spect, quasi per officium, Tac. A. 1, 24. 
2. propter (on account of): to obey 
the laws o. of fear, parere legibus p. 
metum, Cic. Par 5, 1, 34. 3, ab, a 
(infreq.): 0. of mockery, ab irrisu, Liv. 
7, 10: I write o. of particular love and 
good will, ab singulari amore ac benevo- 
lentia scribo, Bal. in Cic. Att. 9, 7, B. 
4, expr. by such partt. as, ductus, 
adductus, permotus, coactus: 0. of good 
vill, he gave up all to me, mibi, bene- 
volentia ductus, tribuebat omnia, Cic. 
Br. 51, 190: whether o. of anger, grief, 
or jear, sive iracundia, sive dolore, sive 
metu permotus, id. Att. 10, 4, med.: so, 
mixericordia permotus, Petr. lor: ¥. TO 
INDUCE, INFLUENCE, 
outbawl; *clamando superare. 
outbid: supra adjicio, 3: Cic. Verr. 
3, 33, 77 (where liciti sunt has just pre- 
ceded): some read suprajicio (one word). 
Phr.. to be outbidden by another, ad- 
jectione ab alio superari, Hermog. Dig. 
4, 4, 75. (N.B.—Vhough there is no 
such comp. as supraliceor, yet the anal. 
of Cic. l.c¢ is enough to justily the phr. 
supra liceri, divisim.) 
outbreak: |. 4 disturbance, law- 
less conduct: s@ditio’ v. MUTINY. —[f. 
A violent access of passion: Phr.: in 
an o. of passion, impetu et ira, Tac. Ger. 
25: in a violent 0. of passion, impotens 
irae, Liv. 29, 9, med.: to be liable to 
violent 0.s of passion, summa iracundia 
esse, Caes. B.C. 3,16. such a disposition 
is described thus: impotentia quaedam 
animi, a temperantia et moderatione 
plurimum dissidens, Cic. T'usc. 4, 15, 34: 
to be liable to o.s of madness, *furoris 
accessionibus teneri, cf. Cels. 3, 18, ad 
jin. 
outcast: 1. exsul, extorris: v. 
EXILE, EXILED. 2. profigus (strictly 
adj.): ano. from one’s country, patria 
p., Liv. 34, 60: they wandered as 0.8, 
without settled abode, profugi incertis se- 
dibus vagabantur, Sall. Cat. 6. a 
sometimes, inops, égens: Vv. DESTITUTE. 
outery : 1, clamor (loud shout- 
ing): V. CRY, subs. 2, convicium 
(noisy, uproarious shouting and brawl- 
ing): aStonished at the o., convicio per- 
motus, Phaedr. 1, 6, 4: Vv. NOISE (8). 
3, acclamatio (shouting expressive 
of displeasure): more fully, adverse 
(populi) a., Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 339. 
outdo: supéro, f: v. TO SURPASS. 
outer: extérior, us: opp. interior, 
Cic. Tim. 7. the 0. works (of defence), 
ex. munitiones, Caes. B. G. 9, 87. Sup. 
extremus, extimus, outermost: the o. 
town of the Allobroges, extremum Allo 
brogum oppadum, Caes. B. G. 1, 6: the 
o. (circle) which vncludes all the rest, 
extimus, qui reliquos omnes complec- 
titur, Cic. Rep. 6, 17: see also FARTHEST. 
Join. extremus atque ultimus, Cic. 
See also OUTSIDE, OUTWARD, EXTERNAL. 
outfit: 1, perh. apparatus (equip- 
meit, furniture, stores: collectively)‘ 
cf. Plin. 13, 1,1 (in reliquo Darii ap 





OUTFLANK 





paratu, Alexander cepit scrinium up- 
guentorum): esp. used of ma/erals and 
appliances Jor war: Caes. B.C. 3, 41: 
Liv. : or, 2. iustrimentum (stock of 
ucensils) : cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 98, instru- 
mentum ac supellex C. Verris. See also 
FURNITURE. Or by circuml.: to provide 
an 0. for any one, omnia quae peregri- 
nanti opus sunt compurare. 
outflank: Phr.: after all they could 
not help being o.’d, nee tamen «equari 
frontes poterant, Liv. 5, 38, initl.: the 
centre of the army of Artaxerzes v.'d the 
left wing of Cyrus, *Artaxerxis media 
acies extra erat Cyri sinistrum cornu 
(cf. e&m eyeveto tov Kvpou evwvijou 
népws, Xen. An. I, 8, 23). Sometimes 
circumvenio, circueo (circumeo), may 
serve ; the movement thus denoted br ing 
naturally effected by an outflanking 
force: he rested his left on some marshes, 
to prevent his being o.’d (and attacked in 
the flank or reay’), sinistrum latus, ne cir- 
cuiri posset, admovit paludibus, Front. 
2, 3, 22: cf. Liv. 31, 21, circumire a 
cornibus et amplecti hostium aciem: 
see also Front. l. c. § 8, bhostem ex 
utraque parte circumvenire: v. FLANK. 
outgeneral: *arte imperatoria su- 
perare: Vv. TO SURPASS ; 
outgoing: €gressus, iis: Cic.: Sall. 
outgrow: Phr.: Rome outgrew 
er early institutions, *Romae jam 
adultae leges institutaque antiqua an- 
gustiora facta erant. 
outhouse: perh. tiigitrium: v. HUT, 
ED. 


outlandish: 1. externus: v. Fo- 
REIGN. Join: externa e+ peregrina 
[Verba], Quint. 8, 1, 2. 2. perh. bar- 

Tus (a depreciatory description of per- 
sons and things foreign). uncouth, o. 
Slaves, servi agrestes et b., Cic. Mil. 9, 
26: cf. Hor. Od. 3, 5, 5, b. conjux. 

outlast: durando superare: cf. To 
OUTLIVE. 

outlaw \subs.): 1. proscriptus (a 
proscribed person): the Cornelian law 
forbids the giving of help to an o., lex 
Comelia proscriptum juvari vetat, Cic. 
Werr. 2, I, 47, 123. 2. latro, Onis; 
also latrunciilus praedo (one who sets 
the laws at defiance; a Jreebooter, rob- 
ber): v. FREEBOOTER. Phr.: banished 
men, men head over ears in debt, and 
0.8, exsules, obaerati, capitalia ausi, Liv. 
26, 40, ad fin. (N.B.—Notexlex; which 
ig Rises from the operation of a 
aw. 
outlaw (v.): 
terdico: v. foll. art. 
Vv. TO PROSCRIBE, 

outlawry, sentence of: 1. tecti 
et aquae et ignis interdictio; Or. pr. 
Dom. 30,78. 0 pass sentence of o. on 
any one, alicui aqua atque (et) igni inter- 
dicere, Caes. B. G. 6, 44: oft. umpers., 
sentence of o. was passed on him, illi 
aqua et igni interdicts:m est, Cic. Phil 
6,4, 10.  Q, proscriptio: v. prosczir- 
TION. 

outlay: sumptus, is; impensa: v. 
EXPENSE. 

outlet: 1, exitus, is: to have no 
0,, ex. non habere [ac pervium non esse}, 
Varr. L.L. 5, 32,143 seven o.s from a 
house, septem ex. e domo, Liv. 39, 51, 
med.: Caes. Q, égressus, ts: to block 
up 0.8, e. obsidere, Tac. A. 16, 10: Petr. 
Of the mouths of the Ister, Ov. Vr. 2, 189. 

3. émissarium (for carrying off 

water): an o. to a lake, e. lacus, Suet. 
Cl. 20: Cie. Fam. 16,18. 4, effliivium 
(Jor fluids): 0. of a lake, e. lacus, Tac. 
A. 12, §7. See also mourn (II.) 

outline: primae s. extremae lineae ; 
extrema lineamenta: Phr.: to draw 
just the o. of a thing, primas modo 
lineas alicujus rei ducere, Quint. 2, 6, 2 
(fig.): also, lineas modo extremas cir- 
cumscribere, id. 9, 2, 7: to preserve the 
0. of the constitution as of a picture, 
tanquam picturae formam reipublicae 
et extrema tanquam lineamenia servare, 
cf. Cic. Rep. 5, 1: sometimes forma alone 
may suffice, cf. id. Off. 1, 5, init.: a mere 
imperfect o. of anything, adumbrata 
imago alicujus rei, id. ‘T'usc. 3, 2, 3 (v. 


1, aqua et igni in- 
2. proscribo, 3: 





OUTRIGHT 


TO SKETCH): cl. Comttus atque adum- 
bratio (an attempt at an o.) id. Or. 29, 
103. 
outlive: siiperstes sum; sipersum 
(both with dat.): v. To suRVIVE. Phr.: 
whichever of the two 0.8 the other, utet 
eorum vita superarit, Cues. B. G. 6, 1 
cf. vincere (= superare) vivendo, Lucr. 
I, 203. 
outlook: v. LooK-our. 
outnumber: Phr.: Caesar under- 
stood that the enemy's cavalry 0d his, 
Caesar intelligebat hustes eqnitatu supe- 
riores esse, Caes. B. G. 7, 65: so, to be 
o.’d, numero inferiorem esse, id. B. C. 1, 
57: numero imparem esse, l’ac. H. 2, 20: 
greatly to o, (the enemy), multitudine 
superare, Front. 2, 3, 6: so far to o., 
tantum multitudine superare, Liv 5, 38, 
med.: ct. multitudine abundare, id. 21, 
8, init.: the enemy greatly od him in 
cavalry, hostes innumero equitatu prae- 
valebant, Front. 2, 3,14: there wt would 
be impossible Jor them to be od, illic 
{utriusque regis) copias numero futuras 
pares [quum angustiae multitudinem 
non caperent}, Curt. 3, 7, ad jin. 
outpost: statio: to be on guard in 
0.8, in statione esse, Caes. B.G. 4, 42: 
numerous 0.8 (picquets), crebrae s., id. 
B. C. 1, 73. Join: custodiae sta- 
tionesque, ib. 1, §9. 
outpour: effundo, 3: v. TO POUR OUT. 
outpouring: effisio: Cic. N. I). 2, 
10, 26 (ef. aquae). Or expr. by verb: 
concerning the 0. of the Holy Spirit, 
*de effuso Spiritu Sancto. 
outrage (subs.): 1, vexatio (rough 
usage, bodily abuse); to save from most 
cruel o., ex acerbizsima v. eripere, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 1,2: in the midst of o. and insult, 
per v. et contumelias, Liv. 38, 59, jin. 
2. injaria: v. insuRY. 3. indig- 
nitas (insulting or humiliating treat- 
ment): to put up with every kind of o. 
and insult, omnes i, contumeliasque 
perferre, Cues, B. G. 2, 14. So, indigna 
pati, to submit to undeserved o., Liv. 31, 
30,ad init. 4, facinus, dris, n. (a bold, 
outrageous deed): more fully, indignum 
f, (an o. against all decency), Ter. Andr. 
I, I, 118: it is an o. to put a Roman | 
citizen in lends, f. est vincire civerm 
Romanum, Cie. Verr. 5, 66, 170: to 
shrink from no o., nihil facinoris prae- 
termittere, Liv. 39, 13, med. So, flagi- | 
tium (an 0. ayainst natural law and 
decency): cf. Tac. G. 12, med. (tanquam | 
flagitia, dum puniuntur, abscondi opor- 
teat): also Liv. l. c. 
outrage (v.) : 1. vexo, 1 (to treat | 
violently and abusively): Cic.: Caes.: | 
V. TO OPPRESS, ABUSE. 2. laedo: in- | 
juria afficio, etc.: v. TO INuURE. Phr.: | 
violently to 0. a girl, (pucllae) indigne | 
per vim vitium offerre, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 10: 
to o. humanity, humanitatem exuere, 
Cic. Lig. 5, 14. 
outrageous: 1. indignus (shame- 
Jul, hunciliating) : o. conduct, i. facinus, 
Ter. Andr. 1,1, 118 to maltreat in an 
0. manner, i. in modum mulcare, Liv. 
29, 9, med. As exclam., outrageous | in- 
dignum ! Ov. M.5,37. Q, tacindérdsus 
(characterized by audaw ious citme: in- 
treq.): the most o. ussassins, sicarii fa- 
cinorosissimi, Cic. Sext 38, 81° Just. 
3, immédicus, immodératus: v. 
IMMODERATE, EXCESSIVE. 4, immanis: 
v. MONSTROUS. Phr.: all declare it is 
positively o., clamant omnes indignissime 
facium esse, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, I1. 
outrageously ; indigné (comp. pre- 
ced. art..: Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 10, etc.: also, 
indignum in modum, Liv. 29, 9, med.; 
indignis modis, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. See 
also SHAMEFULLY, EXCESSIVELY. 
outrageousness: perh. immanitas 
(monstrousness): ct. Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 14, 
immunitas tanti facinoris. See also 
OUTRAGEOUS. 
outrider: perb. praecursor: ef. Plin. 
Pan. 75, fin. (nullus apparatus adrogan- 
tiae principalis, nullus praecursorum 
tumultus): or, assecla: V. ATTENDANT, 
outright : |. At once: statim, 
etc.: V. IMMEDIATELY. — |], Completely: 
1. prorsus: J am done jor o., p. 











OUTSTRIP 


perii, Vl, Aul 2, 8 extr. Q, plané 
to be o. destitule of common Jeeling, p 
carere sensu communi, Hor. 8. t, 3, 66: 
Ter. Superl. planissime, ler. Heaut. 4, 
I, 26(p. perdere). See also COMPLETELY, 
ENTIRELY. 

Outrun: 1, praecurro, ciicurri and -i 
rsum, 3 (rare): Vulg. Joh. xx. 4. Q, 
cursu sipéro (ifan uctuul trial of speed 
be meant: pravcurro simply indicating 
that one party is asead of the other): 
Vv. TO OUTSTRIF. That con o., velocior: 
V. SWIFT. See also TO OUTSTERIP. 

outset: inceptum, etc.: v 
NING, 

outshine: praeliceo, xi, 2 (with 

t.): Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 83. Or expr. by 
lucidior, fulgidior: eyes that do o. the 
stars, lucidiora stellis lumina: v. BRIGHT, 

outside (subs): |. The external 
part of a thing: 1, expr. by extrin- 
sécus (opp. to intrinsecus): a column 
covered with gold on the o., columna ex. 
inaurata, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 48: the liver is 
hollow in the inside, and with rounded 
o., jecur intrinsecus cavum, ex. gillum 
est, Cels. 4, 1, med. 2. by extra (opp. 
to intus, intra). on the 0 and on the 
inside, extra intraque, Col. 8, 15, init.. 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 31. So also compar. ex- 
terius: on the inside and o., intrinsecus 
et exterius, Col. 12, 43, med. (extrinsecus 
et intra, ib. paulo injr.). 3. extérior 
pars (after anal. ot interior pars), or 
perh. externa, orum (n. p/.): v. INTERIOR. 

Il. Outer appearance, as opp. to 
inner reality : 1. frons, ntis, 7.: the 
mere o. deceives many, decipit f. prima 
multos, Phaedr. 4, 2, 5: it has more in 
it than it promises on the o., plus habet 
in recessu quam fronte promittit, Quint. 
I, 4, 2 (ef. Cic. Att. 4, 15, where fronte 
and mente are opposed). 2. spécies, 
@i: v. SHOW, APPEARANCE. Phr.: 
having a fatr o., speciosus pelle decora, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 45: the mere o. of virtue, 
sola, ut sic dixerim, cutis virtutis Quint 
10, 2, 15. Il]. Uhe extreme measure: 
Phr.: até the o., summum. vy. Most 
adj. (fin.). 

outside (adv.): 1. extra: to hare 
enemies both inside and o., ex. et intus 
hostem habere, Cues. B. C. 3, 69: Hor.: 
Col. 2. foris (strictly, out of doors : 
also in wider sense): left inside (the 
city), expected o., relictus intus, exspec- 
tatus f., Cic. Sul. 5, 17: some (fruits) 
have the fleshy part inside and the 
woody part o., alivrum intus corpus ct 
f. lignum, Plin. 15, 28. 34: Nep. 3: 
extrinsécus: Cic.: Cels.: v. preced. art. 
west): a ‘ 

outside of (prep.): extra (with 
acc.): 0 of the Colline gate, ex. portam 
Collinam, Cic Leg. 2. 23,58: Caes. Hor. 

outskirts: Vhr.: situated in the 
0. of the city (Rome), subuibanus: cf. 
gymnasium suburhanum, Cie. de Or. 1, 
21, extr.: just on the o.s of the province, 
fere ad extremum provinciae finem, Liv, 
40, 16, med. i 

outsvoken: Phr.: to be perfectly 
0., aperte ipsam rem loqui; nil circui- 
tione uti, ‘ler, Andr. 1, 2, 313 positis 
ambagibus vera loqui, Ov. M. 10, 19: 
comp. Latine loqui (like our, “ (o speak 
in plain English”). Mart. 1, ad lect.: 
in a perfectly o. manner, sine fuco et 
fallaciis (“ without any humbug”’), Cic 
Att. 1, 1, tntt. (Planiloquus only rl 
Truc. 4,4, 11 ) See alse FRANK, CANDID. 

outspread (part.adj.): 1] passus: 
with o. hands, p. palmis, manibus, Caes, 
B.C. 3, 98: B.G. 2, 13. ‘, paidlus 
(spreading ; as constant quality): o. 
branches, p. rami, Cic.: Vv. SPREADING. 

outstanding (adj.): Pur. to pay 
off an o. debt, quod reliquim restat per 
solvere, Pl. Cist. 1, 3, 40 (V- BALANCE): 
cf. Cic. Att. 16, 3, med., maxime me angit 
ratio reliquorum meortum (i. e. my o. 
debts): to pay off my own o. debts, aes 
alienum meis nomiuibus solvere, Sall. 
Cat. 35: V. DEBT. 

outstretched: v. OUTSPREAD. 

outstrip: 1. expr. by siipéro, r: 
to o. the hound in the race, cursu s. 
canem, Hor. Ep. 1. 18, 5° cf. celeritate 

§27 





BEGIN- 


OUTVIE 





OVERBEARINGNESS 





(sua) s., Cic,Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1: v. TO SURPASS. ] sword, emsis cui s. cervice pendet, Hor. 


2. praeverto, ti, sum, 3: also as v. 
dep. (poet.): to o. the winds, praevertere 
ventos, Virg. Aen. 12, 345 : so, fuga prae- 
vertitur Eurum, ib. 1, 317. 

Outvie: siipéro, 1: v. TO SURPASS. 

outvote: Pbhr..: to be o.d, suffragiis 
superari, cf. Plin. 35, 10, 36 § 72. 

outward (adj.): externus, extérus: 
V. EXTERNAL. 

outward (adv.): foras: v. our (adv.). 

outwardly: extrinsécus, extra: v. 
OUTSIDE (adv.). 

outwards: *in exteriorem partem. 

outweigh: 1. praepondéroy, 1 (rare 
in this sense) : to be 0.’d by virtue (speak- 
ing of expediency, elc.), honestate prae- 
ponderari, Cic. Ort. 3, 4, 18. (More freq. 
intrans. = to incline, as does the heavier 
scale.) 2. praeverto, ti, sum, 3 (to 
take precedence of : with dat.): I see 
Jjilial affection o.s your love, pietatem 
amori video tuo praevertere, Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 
74: Liv. 2, 24, med. (nec posse. ...bello 
praevertere quicquam, nothing could o. 
the war, claim prior attention). 3. 
expr. by antiquus (applied to that which 
ranks first in consideration) : praise 
and glory o.’d with him a kingdom, 
antiquior fuit illi laus et gloria quam 
regnum, Cic. Div. 2, 37, 78: the navy 
has with him o.’d every other considera- 
tion, navalis apparatus ei antiquissima 
cura fuit, Cic. Att. 10, 8, ad init 

outwit: décipio ; (dolis), fallo, capio, 
déliido: v. TO DECEIVE. 

outwork: in fortification, extérior 
miunitio (exterius munimentum) : Caes. 
B. G. 7, 87 (not, as in Eng., a technical 
term): or pl. *exteriora opera: v. 
WORKS. 

oval (adj.): Ovatus : others ave of an 
0. shape, aliis o. species, Plin. 15, 21, 23. 
Or by circuml., *ovi formam habens. 
(N.B.—Ovalis = relating to an ovation ; 
e. g., 0. corona, Gell.) 

oval (subs.): ovata forma, figira: 
Y. preced. art. 

ovation: i.e. an inferior triumph : 
évatio: Gell. 5, 6, fin.: Flor. To cele- 
brate an o., ovare, Gell. 1. c.: Plin. 
(N.B.—The verb is found in Cic., Liv., 
etc.; the subs. only in late authors: 
hence usu. best expr. by verb: an a. 
was decreed to Manlius, Manlio ut ovans 
urbem ingrederetur, decretum est, Liv. 
5, 31, med.: this was afterwards the 
crown used in o.s, haec postea ovantium 
fuit corona, Plin. 15, 29, 38.) Phr.: to 
receive a perfect o., effusissime excipi, 
Suet. Ner. 22 (BY NO MEANS ovatio in 
this lax use). 

oven: 1, furnus: to put a pot in 
an o., ollam in furnum conjicere, Plin. 
20, 9, 35: to heat an o., f. calefacere 
(v. TO HEAT): to bake in an o., in f. 
torrere, id. 28, 8, 29 § 115: Pl.: Hor. 

Q, clibanus (smaller than furnus, 
which was sometimes used in common 
by a neighbourhood, cf. Hor. S. 1, 4, 
37: Whereas the clibanus was port- 
able): Plin. 20, 9, 39: Tert. See also 
FURNACE. 

over (prep.): |, From side to side, 
above: 1, super (with acc.): to be 
thrown o, the rampart, s. vallum prae- 
cipitari, Sall. Jug. 58: to sail 0. corn- 
Jields, s. segetes navigare, Ov. M. 1, 295. 
(N.B.—Supra denotes position above, not 
motion over ; thus supra segetes navigat 
[the commoner reading in Ov. M. 1, 295] 
=he sails above the corn-fields, with the 
corn-fields beneath him: super either 
motion or position over: cf. infr.) 2 
trans. (with acc.): vy. across. Phr. 
there was a passage o. the Alps, iter per 
Alpes erat, Caes. B.G. 1, 10: to throw a 
bridge o. a river, pontem in flumine 
facere, ib. 1, 13; flumen ponte jungere, 
Liv. 21, 45, init. (N.B—In this sense, 
over often forms part of a virtually 
compound verb: v. TO FLY OVER, etc.) 
|]. Above: esp. to denote a position 
precisely above: siiper (with acc. or 
abl.): an eagle hovering just o. the 
king’s head, paululum s. caput regis 
lacide volans aquila, Curt. 4, 15, ad fin. : 
iv. I, 34, med.: 0. whose neck hangs a 
§28 


. 








Od: 3; 15729. [I]. Denoting elevation 
or authority : expr. by prae in compo- 
sition: e. g. to be 0., have command o., 
praeesse, praepositum esse, etc.: Vv. TO 
COMMAND (2, 3); AppornT (L., a, 5, 6). 

IV. Latending upon the entire sur- 
face of: 1, siiper (with acc.: when 
one thing covers another, as a coating) : 
hides are spread o. the bricks, s. lateres 
coria inducuntur, Caes. B.C. 2,10. 2, 
per (after verbs of motion, to denote 
that a certain space is traversed): to 
roam o. the fields, per agros vagari, Liv. 
2,60: v. THROUGH. Phr.: lo travel o. 
such vast regions on foot, tantas regiones 
obire pedibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87: sv, 
lustrare : v. TO TRAVERSE. V. Higher 
than: Phr.: (apart of the river) where 
the water is o.a man’s head, *ubi humana 
magnitudine major est fluminis altitudo. 

VI. More than: siiper (with acc.) : 0. 
60,000, s. sexaginta millia, Tac. G. 33: 
Sall. So sumetimes, supra and ultra: 
but amplius is better Latin: v. MORE, 
adj. (2, sqq.). VI, During the time of ; 
inter: 0. a period of ten years, i. decem 
annos, Cic. Verr. Act. I, 13, 37: Idic- 
tated the above o. my dinner, haec i, 


coenam dictavi, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6: v. | 


DURING. Vill. 22 addition to: in 
phr., over and above : 1, stiper (with 
acc.): 0. and above disease, furaine 
weakened the Punic army, Punicum 
exercitum s. morbim etiam fames af- 
fecit, Liv. 28, 46, fin. 2. praeter : 


v. BESIDES. (For the use of insiiper, 
adv., V. OVER, adv. I1.) 
over (adv.): |. Resting above : 


1, stiper: to heap purple cloth o., 
purpureas s. vestes conjicere, Virg. Aen. 
6, 221: Caes. 2. supra (where, as 
before, a subs. or pron. would naturally 
be expr. in Eng.): ef. Cic. Div. 1, 17, 33, 
cotem illam et novaculam defossam in 
comitio, supraque [= and over the spot] 
impositum puteal accepimus. I]. Be- 
yond ; besides what has been used: as, 
to remain o., Superare: V. TO REMAIN. 
Esp. in phr., over and above: insuper : 
he even cheats me out of my money o. and 
above, etiam ins. defrudat, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 
38: if that is not enough, exact venge- 
ance 0. and above, si id parum est, ins. 
etiam poenas expetite, Liv. 3, 67, med. 

Il]. Past and done with: expr. by 
verb: when the assizes were 0., con- 
ventibus peractis, Caes. b. G. 5, 2: 
when the battle was o., confecto proelio, 
Sall. Cat. 61: it is all o. with that, 
actum est de isto, Cic. Att. 12, 25, ext7.: 
it is all o. with me, acta haec res est: 
perii, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: it is all o. 
with you, Geta, unless...., nullus es, 
Geta, nisi...., id. Ph. 1, 4,1. lV, In 
phr. over and over (again): saepius, 
identidem, saepenumero: v. REPEAT- 
EDLY. (N.B.—When the word over is 
inseparable in sense from a verb with 
which it is connected, see the verb: e.g. 
TO TURN OVER, GIVE OVER, RUN OYER, 
etc.) 

over- (adject. prefix): expr. by ni- 
mis; or by compar. degree (L.G. § 351): 
vy. TOO. 

overabound: siipéro, 1: that they 
should 0. in wealth, illis divitias superare, 
Sall. Cat. 20: Cic. See also TO ABOUND. 
(Superabundo late: Vulg.: Tert.) 

Overawe;: déterreo, 2: the tribunes 
being o.d, deterritis tribunis, Livy. ro, 9, 
init.: Vv. TO DETER, INTIMIDATE. Phr.: 
to o. the Germans, metum Germanis in- 
jicere, Caes. B. G. 4, 19° or more pre- 
cisely perh., metu coercere, reprimere. 

overbalance: v. TO OUTWEIGH. 

overbearing: 1. insdlens, ntis: 
0. in prosperity, (in) secundis rebus i., 
Hirt. B.G. 8, 13, extr.: naturally o. and 
arrogant, natura i. et superbus, Cic. Mur, 
B10; 2. wiiperbus: Vv. HAUGHTY, 
TYRANNICAL. To g7vow 0,, insolescere, 
Sall. Cat. 6 (per licentiam ij.) - Tac.: 0, 
eee or disposition, insolentia: Sall.; 

ic. 





OVERFLOW 


Sall. Join: insolentia, superbia, con- 
tumacia, Cic. Verr. 4, 41, 89. 
overblown: Phr.: o. pride, perh. 
intumescens superbia, cf. Phaedr. 1, 3, 4. 
overboard: Phr.: to jump o., se 
ex navi projicere, Caes. B. G. 4, 25: ex 
navi desilire, ib.: te throw anything o. 
(to lighten the ship), alicujus rei jac- 
turam facere, Cic. OF. 3, 23. 89. 
overburden: v. TO OVERLOAD, 
overcast (part. adj.): nubilus: 1f 
the sky should become o., si fiat coelum n., 
Plin. 16, 26, 46. ‘he neut. is used subs. : 
e. g. when the sky is 0., nubilo, id. 11, 24, 
28: Suet. IJmpers. nubilat, the sky be- 
comes o.: Varr, R. R.1, 13 (si 0. coeperit). 
Phr.: the sky was o., coelum nubibus 
obscuratum, Sall. Jug. 38: the clouds 
gather from all sides and the sky is 0., 
nubes undique adductae obruere tenebris 
diem, Petr. 114: cf. eripiunt subito 
nubes coelumque diemque, Virg. Aen. 
1, 88: more simply, coelum nubibus 
tegitur, obducitur (Kr.), 
overcharge (v.): i.e. to charge too 
large a sum: *plus aequo exigere. 
overclouded ; v. ovuRcasr. 


overcoat: lacerna, paeniila, en- 
drémis: v. CLOAK. 
Overcome: 1. supéro, 1: too. all 


difjiculties, omnes difficultates s., Vell. 2, 
120: the very gods cannot o. necessity, 
necessitatem ne dii quidem s., Liv. 9, 4, 
extr.: to o. in war, bello s. (possunt), 
Caes. B.G. 1, 455; im a naval engage- 
ment, navali proelio s., id. B. C. 2, 22. 
2, vinco, dévinco (completely): v. 
TO CONQUER, SUBDUE. 
overcoming (part. adj.): victor, 
-trix : Vv. VICTORIOUS. 
overdo: Phr.: not to o. a thing, 
ne quid nimis, Ter, Andr. 1, 1, 34: you 
0. the thing both ways, vehemens in 
utramque partem es nimis, id. Heaut. 
3, I, 31: I don’t like an overdone pre- 
ciseness of articulation, nolo putidius 
exprimi literas, Cic, de Or. 3, 11, 41: @ 
delivery overdone with grimace and 
gesticulation, pronuntiatio vultuosa et 
Seles molesta, Quint. 11, 3, 
183. 
overdone: V. preced. art 
overdraw: |. Zo draw too much 
money: Phr.: to 0. one’s account, 
perh. *amplius scribere quam apud 
argentariam pecuniae sunt praesto. =|. 
To exaggerate in description: Phi . 
the picture of horrors is on, *res ipsa, 
per se atrox amplificando in majus esi 
aucta; atrocitas (foeditas) spectaculi 
praeter modum actae rei est amplifi- 
cata: V. TO EXAGGERATE. 
overdrink: Pbhr.: to o. oneself, 
himio potu se invitare: Vv. To INDULGE. 
Sironker vino se obruere, Cic, Deiot. 
g, 26. 
overdrive: Phr.: too. cattle, ®ar- 
Menta velocius (longius) quam oportet 
agere: an om horse, * equus nimio 
cursu confectus. 
overdue: Pbhr.: bills that are o. 
*syngraphae quibus dies praeteriit. 
overeat: Phr.: too. oneself, nimio 
cibo se invitare: v. TO INDULGE. 
_overestimate: nimis magni aes- 
timo, facio: v. TO ESTIMATE, VALUk. 
overfatigue (subs.): nimia fati 
gatio, detatigatio: v. FATIGUE. 
overfeeding (subs.): *nimius (im- 
modicus) cibus. 
overflow (v.): 1, expr. by ef- 
fundo, fudi, sum, 3 (as pass., or with 
pron. reft.): the sea never either rises 
above its wont nor 0.s, Mare neque re- 
dundat unquam neque effunditur: more 
precisely, super ripas effundi (of the 
Tiber), Liv. 1, 4. ad init. (N.B.—That 
redundo is ¢o rise, swell, not to overflow, 
is evident from a comparison of Cic. Div. 
2, 32, 69, si lacus Albanus 7edundasset, 
with Liv. 5, 51, who, in relating the 
same incident, has, si quando aqua Al- 
bana abundasset, etc.) 2. siiperfiuo, 
xi, xum, 3 (to run over the brim; 
whereas effundi implies also spreading 


overbearingly: insdlenter: Cic.: | abroad): to boil things gently, so that 


Liv. : v. INSOLENTLY. 
overbearingness: insdlentia : Cic. : 


they may not o,, leniter coquere ne super- 


| fluant, Cels. 6, 18, 2: Tac. A. 2, 61 (de 


“y A. oe 
F’ 





OVERFLOW 
Nilo): Plin. 3, expr. by saperfunde, } 
fadi, sum, 3 (as pass. refl. = Wo vver- 
spread): the Tiber has forsaken tts bed 
and is o.ing its lower bunks, Tiberis | 
alveum excessit, et demissivribus ripis 
superfumditur, Plin. Kp. 8, 17, 1: ct. Liv. 
7, 3, Circus Tiberi superfuso irrigatus. 
4, inundo, 1 (fo cover with water ; 
inundate): the Tiver o.’d the level parts 
of the city, Tiberis loca plana urbis 
inundavit, Liv. 35, 9, init.: so, id. 24, 9, 
etc. (N.B—Not used without ace. of 
that which is overflowed.) Phr.. (the 
Nile) rising very high vs all Egypt, 
auctu magno per totain Asiam spatiatur, 
Plin. 5, 9, 109 55: the river rises and 
0.8, amnis abundans exit (sc. ripis), 
Virg. G. 1, 116: cf. id. Aen. 2, 496: 
it os its left bank, vagus sinistra labivur 
Yipa, Hor. Oud. 1, 2, 18. See also To 
INUNDATE. 
overflow (subs.): expr. by verb: 
in consequence of an o. of the Tiber, 
effuso per ripas Tiberi filumine,; quum 
‘Yiberis agros inundasset, etc.; v. TO 
OVERFLOW, See also (NUNDATION, (Some- 
times auctus, is, may be precise enough: 
e. g. concerning the causes of the v. of the 
Nil, *de causis Nili auctus.) 
overflowing (a4j.): 1. e. copious, 
abundant : largus et exundans [ingenii 
fons}, Juv. 10, 119. See also ABUNDANT. 
overflowingly : Vv. ABUNDANTLY. 
overtond: nimis indulgens, indul- 
Mtiur: V. FOND. U. of @ wee, UXorius: 
or. Od. 1, 2, 19: Virg. 
overgrown (part. and adj.): |. 
Covered with herbage : 1, obsitus : 
rough country v. wu bush, couiragosa 
juca et o. virgultis, Liv. 28, 2, itt.: Ov. 
Q, créber, bra, brum (thick with: 
poet.): @ grove o, with reeds, c. arun- 
dinibus lucus, Ov. M. 11, 190. 3: 
opplétus (archaic and rare): cr. Pl. Aul. 
6, g, lucus crebro salicto oppletus. 
hr.: rocks 0, with moss, Musco Cir- 
cumlita saxa, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 7: also 
wimply, muscosa saXa: V. MOSSY. Il. 
Grown beyond the natural size: enorui 
torpore (abl. of description) : Suet. Cal. 
50. 
overhang: |. Trans., to suspend 
aver and cover: perb. convestio, vestio: 
cf. Cic. Y. Fr. 3, I, 2, ita omnia convestit 
(clothes, overhungs) hedera: also id. 
Tuso. 5, 23, 64, sepulcrum septum un- 
dique et vestitum vepribus et dumetis. 
To o. a theatre with an awning, vela in 
theatro ducere, Plin. 19, 1,6; theatrum 
integere,inumbrare,ib. —|j, {utrans., 
to be suspended or situated above : 1 
immineo, ui, 2 (with dat., or absol.) : 
eminences 0.ing (i.e. situated so close as 
to command) the voad, viae imminentes 
tumuli, Liv. 38, 2, med.: the cliff o.s 
the waters, scopulus aequoribus i., Ov. 
M. 4,525: for absvl. use, see Virg. Aen. 
1,165. Strengthened, superimminco, 2 
(rare): Virg. 2%, impendeo, 2 (to hang 
right over; Whereas immineo rather 
refers te that which from height and 
proximity may be said to overhung). 
@ sword 0s his neck, impendet illus 
cervicibus (gladius), Cic. Lusc. 5, 21, 
62: also = immineo: Caes. B. G. 1, 6 
(mons altissimus impendebat, sc, itineri). 














Strengthened, superimpendeo, 2: Cat. 
For fig. sense, v. TO IMPEND. 
overhanging (aj.): impendens, 


siiperimpendens (ur divisim, super im- 
pendens) : v. preced. art. 

overhastily ; praepropére: Liv. 37, 
23, fim.: nimium festinanter: Cic, Fin. 
5. 26, 77: or compar. festinantius, ‘l'ac. 
A. 15, 3- 

overhasty: 14, praepropérus: Cic. 
“ATE. ¥, 11, tntt.: Liv. 2, praeceps, 
cipitis (headlong, hurried): Cic. Fl. 20, 
48. %, testinatus Gn pass. sense, of 
that which is done with too great haste): 
an o. marriage, f. nuptiae, Suet. Aug. 
69: Quint. 

overhaul: Phr.: too. every single 
expression, sub judicium singula verba 
vocare, Ov. Pont. 1, 5, 20. See also ro 
INSPECT, CRITICIZE. 

overhead: 1. désiiper: Virg. Aen. 
1, 165: strictly denoting motion frum | 


OVERLOOK 


above: cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 122, nimbum 
...-desuper infundam. 2. insiiper 
(above): Sall. Cat. $5 (carcerem muniunt 
undique parietes atque insuper camera, 
i. e. walls all round and a vaulted 
roof 0.). To be or hang o., impendeo, 
superimpendeo ; immineo: v. TO OVER- 
HANG. 

overhear: 1. excipio, cépi, cep- 
tum, 3 (to “catch’’): one of the slaves 
o.d the conversation, sermonem ex servis 
unus excepit, Liv. 2, 4, ad jin. 
exaudio, 4 (to hear from a distance or 
outside): an altercation arose between 
the pullarii, and was 0.d by some Roman 
knights, altercatio inter pullarios orta 
exaudita (est) ab Romanis equitibus, 
Liv. 10, 40, med.: Vv. TO HEAR. ‘ 
ausculto, 1 (to listen and so hear): to o. 
anything at the door, aliquid ab ostioa., 
Pl. Mere. 2, 4, 9. 4, auciipo, 1 (lit. 
to catch, like a fowler): Pl. Most. 2, 2, 
42 (auc. sermonem nostrum). 

overheat: Phr.: to o. oneself by 
running, *ex cursu aestuare: he must 


avoid o.ing himself, *caveto ne cursu, | 


gestatione, etc., nimis incalescat. 
overjoy (subs.): nimium gaudium, 
Liv. 22, 7, fin. 
overjoyed (part. and adj.) : Phr.: 
to be o., laetitia exsultare, Cic. Att. 14,6; 
gestire, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 10 (quid est quod 
sic gestis? why so 0.7): Iam o. at the 


result of the elections, comitia me laetitia | 


extulerunt, Cic. Fam. 2, 10: the Athe- 
nians were so 0. at that victory, ea vic- 
toria tantae fuit Atticis laetiuiae, Nep. 
Timoth. 2: to be o. to receive any one, 
effusa laetitia excipere aliquem, cf. Liv. 
35, 43, extr.: to be soo. at the sight of a 
son as to depart life, ad conspectum filii 
nimio gaudio exanimari, Liv. 22, 7, fin. : 
Iam v.! immortaliter gaudeo ! (colloq.), 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3- 











overland: Phr-.: o. route, terrestre | 


iter: Plin. 5, 6, 6 

overlap: expr. by excédo, ssi, ssum, 
3: one tooth o.s the adjoining tooth, dens 
supe: proximum dentem excedit, Cels. 
8,1: the one (part of the) bone o.s the 
other, aliud (os) super aliud effertur, ib. 


8, 10. | 
overlay: |. To cover or overspread 
@ surface: 1, illino, lévi, litum. 3_ 


(lit. to smear on: with acc. and dat.) : 
marble is overlaid with gold by means 


of the white of an egg, marmori ovi | 
candido illinitur (aurum), Plin. 33, 3,20: _ 


Sen. Ep. 119, 11. Also foll. by acc. and 
abl., Plin. 9, inauro, 1 (with gold) : 
to o. brass with gold, auro aes in., Plin. 
33, 3, 20: Vitr. Instead of p. part. 
jnauratus, may ulso be used auratus: 
v. GILDED. (N.B.—Inargento does not 


occur: but the p. part. inargentatus, | 


overlaid with silver, does: Plin. 21, 2, 3, 
lamna inaurata aut inargentata.) Ss: 
indiico, 3: V. TOOVERSPREAD. —[J, Zo 
smother by lying upon: opprimo, pressi, 
ssum, 3: Vulg. LI. Reg. iii. 19 (dor- 
miens quippe oppressit eum). More 
precisely, *superincubando opprimere. 

overleap: transilio, 4: Liv. 1, 7. 

overload : |. Lit.: 0 0. a vessel 
or wagon, *nimio pondere onerare navem, 
plaustrum; nimium onus imponere 
plaustro(Kr.): the ship was lost through 
beiny overladen, *navis periit nimio 
onere praegravata: the ship was orer- 
laden with corn, *navi imposita erat 
frumenti vis major quam ut tuto navi- 
gari posset. |]. Fig.: to o. oneself 
with wine, food, etc., vino se obruere, 
Cic. Deiot. 9, 26; vino epnlisque obrui, 
Nep. Dion. 4 (see also TO INDULGE): over- 
laden with food and drink, cibo vinoque 
praegravis, Tac. H. 2, 21, tnit.: having 
the stomach o.'d, crudus (with food not 
yet digested), Hor. S. 1, §, 49: Cic.: 
such a state of the stomach, cruditas 
(v. INDIGESTION) : to rectify an 0.’ sto- 
mach, cruditates digerere, Plin. 26, 7, 25. 
(N.B.—As applied to food, medically, 
onerare is to be heavy on the stomach : 
Plin. 29, 3, 11.) 

overlong: praelongus: longior: v. 
LONG. 


overlook: |. 7» command a view 
2M 





OVERRUN 


of: 1. prospicio, spexi, ctum, 3: the 
dining-room os the loveliest country- 
houses, coenatio amoenissimas villas p., 
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 12: Hor. So withvat 
difference of sense, prospecto, 1: cf. Tac. 
A. 14, 19, Villa qnae subjectos sinus 
editissima prospectat, which stands very 
high, and os the underlying bays 

Q. perh. immineo, 2 (to be situated 
just above; to command: with dat.): 
a hill o.s the city, collis urbi i., Virg. Aen. 
1, 420 [it is added, adversis aspectat de- 
super arces, looks down upon them}: 
Vv. TO OVEKHANG (IL.). 3, despicio, 
despecto: v. TO LOOK DOWN. ll. Zo 
cast the eyes over with a view to exa- 


mining: inspicio, 3: Vv. TO INSPECT, 
SURVEY. Ill. To pass by (an offence) 
unnoticed : 1, ignosco, névi, tum, 3 


(with dat. of person, acc. ot thing over- 
looked or forgiven: the latter also dat, 
when alone): Vv. TOFORGIVE. Q, prae- 
termitto, 3: Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 26. 3. 
conniveo, 2: V.TO WINK AT. 4, negligo, 
exi, ctum, 3 (to disregard): he would 
not o. the injuries done, se injurias non 
neglecturum, Caes. B. G. 1, 36: Cic. 

_ IV. To neglect: negligo, praeter- 
mitto, etc.: Vv. TO NEGLECT, OMIT. 

overmaster: dévinco, débello: v, 
TO SUBDUE. 

overmatch: siipéro, 1: v. TO OVER- 
come. @.’d, impar, aris (not a match 
for): Hor. Od. 4, 6, 5: Virg. 

overmuch: nimis, nimium, plus 
aequu : v. TOO (much). 

overnight: *pridie vesperi: cf. Cic. 
de Or. 2, 3, 13, heri vesperi. 

overpass: V- TO PASS OVER. 

overpeopled: Phr.: the country 
is o., “Major quam pro regione hominum 
multitudo est; crebrior hominum mul- 
titudine regio est quam ut eos satis alat. 

overplus: V. SURPLUS. 

overpower: _ 1. opprimo, pressi, 
ssum, 3 (to overwhelm, crush, subdue) : 
too. any one in war, aliquem bello o., 
Nep. Dat. 9, init. Join: armis con- 
ficere atque opprimere, Cic. Font. 12, 
26. Fig.: to be o.'d by one’s feelings, 
opprimi et vix resistere dolori, id. Fam. 
4, 6, med. Q2. siipéro, exsiipéro, £ 
(the latter a strengthened form): v. TO 
OVERCOME, 3, débello, 1: v. TO SUB- 
pur. See also TO OVERWHELM. To 0. 
a smell, odorem exstinguere, cf. Plin. 
19. 6, 34. fi 

overpowering: ¥- OVERWHELMING. 

overrate: nimis magni facio, aes- 
timo: v. TO VALUE. 

overrated (part. and adj.): Phr.: 
to be un o. man, *fam& minorem esse. 

overreach: i. e. to deceive: circum- 
vénio, veni, ventum, 4: Cic.- to 0. @ 
man's ignorance, alicujus ignorantiam C., 
Ulp. Dig. 17, 1, 29 § 3: V. TO CHEAT, DE- 
FRAUD. 

overreaching (subs.): fraus, dolus 
(malus): Vv. FRAUD, DISHONESTY. 

override: |. To ride too much ; 
Vv. TO OVERDRIVE. ||, To take pre- 
cedence of : perb. praeverto, 3: Liv. 2, 
24: V. PRECEDENCE. 

overripe: Phr.: o. fruit, *poma 
quae jam maturitatem excesserunt. 

overrule: Phr.: the magistrate o.d 
the plea, *magistratus exceptionem lo- 
cum non habere statuit, cf. Ulp. Dig. 44, 
2, 18: to o. a decision, *rem judicatam 
rescindere; decretum tollere: v. TO RE- 
SCIND. 

overruling (adj.):| Phr.: an o. 
providence, *gubernatrix illa Dei pro- 
videntia. 

overrun: |. To harass a country 
by incursions; to roam over: pervagor, 
1: to o. well nigh the whole globe, p. bello 
prope orbem terrarum, Liv. 38, 19, init. 
Also simple verb: they were ong and 
ravaging the Roman territory, popula- 
bundi in agris Romanis vagubantur, 
Liv. 3, 5, ad fin.: Caes. Phr.: to 0,4 
country for the purpose of pillaging 
and ravaging, praedandi vastandique 
causa se in agros effundere, Caes. B. G. 
5, 19: Liv. Il. To grow and spread 
over: perth. obsideo, sédi, sessum, 2: @ 
marsh 0. unth osier-beds, palus salictis 

529 


OVERSCRUPULOUS 


OVERTH ROW 


OVERWHELM 





obsessa, Ov. M. 11, 363. See also OVER- 


ZROWN. 
overscrupulous: religiosior: v. 
‘CRUPULOUS. 
Oversee: praesum, curo (to have 


charge of), inspicio (to examine): v. 
TO SUPERINTEND. 

Overseer: 1, curator (he who takes 
charge of : gen. term): 0. of the Fla- 
minian highway, c. viae Flaminiae, Cic. 
Att. 1, 1: 0. for the repairing of the 
walls, c. muris reficiendis, id. Opt. Gen. 
4, 19. 2. praeses, idis (esp. the o. or 
governor of a province): Suet. Aug. 23: 
Dig. 3, custus, Odis, c.: Vv. KEEPER. 
To be o. of, praeesse, praepositum esse 
alicui rei: v. HEAD (VIL., Phr.). 

overshadow: 1. obumbro, 1: Ov. 

m2 1G; Ore hliny PH igs hto0N 
name (throw it into the shade), nomen 
ob., Tac. H. 2, 32. Also simple verb, 
umbro, I: ¥. TO SHADE. 2, obsctro, 
I: V. TO DARKEN, OBSCURE. 8, officio, 
féci, fectum, 3 (to stand in the way of: 
with dat.): cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49, ipsa 
umbra terrae soli officiens noctem efficit. 
Fig.: too. (eclipse) any one’s reputation, 
alicujus nomini of., Liv. pref.: cf. Vell. 
2, 36, omnibus omnium gentium viris 
magnitudine sua inducere caliginem (= 
to o. them). 

overshoot: Fig.: don’to. themark, 
as the proverb is, (?) ita fugias ne praeter 
casam, ler. Ph. 5, 2, 3 (but the expr. is 
a doubtful one) ; *ne ultra quam est opus 
contendas. 

overshot: Phr.: ano. wheel, *rota 
quae aqua infra eunte versatur. 

oversight : |. Superintendence : 
cura: v. CARE. I]. An omission : 
expr. by praetermitto, negligo, etc.: 
Y. OMISSION. Phr.: byano., per impru- 
dentiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 23, 57 (opp. to 
scienter, de industria, intentionally). 

oversleep (v.): Phr.: too. oneself, 
*diutius quam propositum erat dormire, 
somno oppressum teneri; in (ad) multam 
lucem dormire, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 30. 
Cindormire alicui rei, to go to sleep over 
a thing.) 

overspread: |. Zo spread or lay 
over: 1, indico, xi, ctum, 3 (with 
acc. and dat., or as in Eng.) : too. a vall 
with wax, parieti ceram i., Plin. 33, 7, 
4°: to o. (cover) shields made of bark 
with skins, scuta ex cortice facta pel- 
libus i., Caes. B. G. 2, 33: also with 
super and acc. of that over which: id. 
B.C. 2, 10: 2, obdiico, 3 (usu. same 
constr. as preced.): Fig.: too. a clear 
subject with obscr ty, clarae rei tenebras 
ob., Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 16. See also TO COVER 
C.., 4, etc.). J, Zo form a covering or 
Shade over: expr. by pass. of inidtico, 
obdtico, obsciiro: thicl clouds o. the sky, 
“coelum densis nubibus obscuratur ; 
cvelo densae inductae (obductae) nubes 
tenebras efficiunt: v. OVERCAST. (“ Jn- 
duceve sollenne de ventis coelum nubibus 
obscuran'ibus, sumptumque a_pictori- 
bus.’’—Gierig ad Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 7.) 
Phr.: when the curtain of night o.s. 
(the earth), obtenta nocte, Virg. G. 1, 
248. 

overspreading: patiilus: cf. Virg. 

). 1, init. 

overstate: v. TO EXAGGERATE. 

overstep: excedo, egrécior, 3 (with 
acc.):; V. TO EXCEED. 

overstock (v.): Phr.: too. a farm, 
*pecoris majorem quam pro agro nume- 
Tum comprare. to 0. a shop, *tabernam 
supra quam est opus rebus venulibus 
instruere. 

overstrained (adj.): affectatus, ar- 
cessitus - V. FAR-FETCHED. 

Overt: apertus v. OPEN. 

overta’e: |. Zo come up with: 

1. conséquor, ciitus, 3. to 0. a fugi- 
five, fugientem aliquem c., Liv. 1, 48, 
med.: & 0. avy one on @ journey, ili- 
quem in itinere c., Pomp. in Cic. Att. 8, 
12, A: Caes. 2. less freq., a-séquor, 
3: Cic. Att. 3, 5: Tac. Sometimes appy. 
intrans., the object not being expressed : 
ef. Liv. 24, 20, ivzt., in Bruttios raptim, 
ne Gracchus assequeretur (sc. eum), 
concessit. 3, also less freq., perséquor, 

53¥ 





3 (Ww follow up): Hor. Od. 3, 2, 14: cf. | 
Cic. Fam. 3, 6, med., eo discessisti quo 
ego te ne persequi quidem possem XXx 
diebus (i. e. follow you to the place u here 
you are). (N.B.—Not nanciscor, which 
is lo come upon unexpectedly, liyht on.) 
Il. Zo surprise : 1, opprimo, 
pressi, ssum, 3}: to 0. any one (‘“ drup 
down upon him”) unawares, impru- 
dentem aliquem o,, ler. Andr. 1, 3, extr.: 
cf. ib. 1, 2, 10, oscitantes opprimi: death 
overtook Antonius in the midst of his 
wrongdoings, Antonium in mediis ejus 
injuriis mors oppressit, Ci>. Verr. 3, 91, 
Jin.: how often night overtook him (at 
his work), quoties nox oppressit, id. Sen. 
14, 49. 2. depréhendo, di, sum, 3 
(esp. of winds, storms, etc.): if (a gale 
of) wind o.s any, si quos ventus d., Curt. 
7, 4, med.: so absol., o.n by a storm, 
deprehensus, Virg. Aen. 5, 52 (for which 
prensus, Hor. Od. 2, 16,2): if any one is 
om by a sudden illness, si quem subita 
deprehenderit val tudo, pseudo-Quint. 
Decl. 3, slpervénio, véni, ntum, 4 
(to come upon unexpectedly : with dat.) : 
the calamity overtook them in their 
ignorance, casus (iis) supervenit ignaris, 
Curt. 9, 9,ad med. Phr.: to be on by 
a fit of illness, morbo corripi, Suet. Caes. 
45: she vas immediately o.n by death, 
mors continuo ipsam occupat, Ter. Andr. 
1, 5,62: tobeon ina fault, delinquere 
paullum, Hor. 8S. 1, 3, 84: more precisely, 
praeoccupatum esse in aliquo delicto, 
Vulg. Gal. vi. 1 (*propter incuriam 
Magis quam consulto peccare). 
overtask: expr. by nimium (laboris) 
imperare : v. TO ENJOIN. 
overtax: Phr.: to o. any one, 
*immodica tributa exigere ab aliquo: 
Vv. TO TAX. 
overthrow (v.): |. Tothrowdown: 
1, déjicio, jéci, ctum, 3: to o. the 
statues of the men of old, statuas ve- 
terum hominum d., Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19° 
Hor. Od. 1, 2, 15. 2. Everto, ti, sum, 
3: too. a house on its owner’s head, in 
dominum tecta e., Ov. M. 1, 231: Or. pro 
Dom. 40, 105: v. TO UPSET. (Oftener in 
sense lI.) 3, perverto, 3: v. TOOVER- 
TURN. 4. affhigo, xi, ctum, 3 (to dash 
violently to the ground): to 0. @ (se- 
pulchval) monument, Monumentum a., 
Cic. Coel. 32, 78: too. a house, domum a., 
Or. pro Dom. 40, extr. See also TO OVER- 
TURN. Il. oe subvert, ruin, destroy: 
1, éverto, 1: to o. states ullerly, 
civitates funditus e., Cic. in Pis. 35, 86: 
Virg. : Ov. 2. perverto, 3: (to 0. com- 
pletely: in fig. sense): to shake and o. 
Sriendship, justice, amicitiam, justitiam | 
labefactare atque p., Cic. Fin. 3, 21, jo. 
3. subverto, 3 (esp. by insidious, 
underhand attacks): the house of the 
Crassi o.m., subversa domus Crassorum, 








Tac: H. 4,42: Nep: Pel. 2: Big): 
rapacity oveithrew honesty, avaritia 
fidem subvertit, Sall. Cat. ro. 4, pro- 


fligo, 1 (lit. to dash down; hence, to do 
fatal damage to: see aiso Ill.) too.a 
commonwealth, rempublicam p., Cic. de 
Oni alee 5, percello, cili, culsum, 
3 (to deal a violent, fatal blow to): too, 
(ruin) the commonwealth, rempublicam 
p., Tac. A. 2, 39, intt.: Suet — 6, Eruo, 
i, itum, 3 (completely to o. and destroy): 
to 0. a kingdom, regnum e., Virg Aen. 
2, intt.: Vell.: expr. pass. by concido, 
i, 3 (to come to the ground, be 0.2): in 
the year tn which Carthage was o.n, 
eodem anno quo Carthago concidit Vell. 
I, 13. the authority of the senite having 
been om, QUum senatils auctorilas con- 
cidisset, Cic. Att. 1,16, 3: Virg. Hlor,; 
y.TO FALL. In like manner, péreo, 4, 
irr.: V.TOPERISH. — ff], 70 conquer com- 
pletely : 1. profligo, 1: to 0. and cut 
tu pieces the forces of the enemy, copias 
hostium p., occidere, Cic. Ph 14, 14, 37: 
Caes. 2. fundo, préiundo, 3: v. To 
ROUT. 3, dévinco, débello, etc.: v. 
TO SUBDUE, CONQUER. 4. opprimo, 
pressi, ssum, 3 (fo crush, overwhelm) : 
to o. the freedom of the people, libertaiem 
popnlio., Nep. Alc. 3: to o. (put down) 
an int lerable domination, intolerandam 
potentiam o., Cic, R. Am, 13, 13. 








overthrow (subs.): ruina ; casus, G. 
(Vv. FALL, RUIN); excidium (v. DESTRUCe 
TION). 

overthrower: éversor: Cic.: Virg. 

overthrowing (subs.): versio. 
Quint.: Flor. (Or expr. by verb: v. 
TO OVERTHROW, LI.) 

overtly: aperté: v. OPENLY. 

overtop: 1, siipéro,1. Virg. Aen. 2, 
219: Ov. Also comp. exsupero, 1 (Lower 
high above): Virg.l.c. 207.  Q, siiper- 
emineo, 2 (to stand vut from amongst: 
also with acc.): he o.s all the heroes, 
viros supereminet omnes, 1b. 6, 856. 
Ov. 3. stiperjacio, jéci, tum, 3 (rare 
in this sense, and implying motion above : 
with acc.) : the sea o.s the cliffs with its 
waves, pontus scopulos s. unda, Virg. 
Aen. II, 625. 

overture: |. Proposal: in this 
sense usu. pl.: conditio: to make 0.s, 
ferre conditionem, ut..., Covel. in Cie. 
Fam. 8, 14, 2 (but the expr. is more de- 
finite than the Eng., and usually denotes 
@ position of advantage on the part of 
the proposer ; cf. Cic. Ph. 7, 1, 2, scilicet 
legatos ad eum misimus, non ut pareret 

- Sed ut conditiones ferret, leges im- 
poneret) : V. TERMS, CONDITION. Yo make 
0.8 fo any one (try to induce to juin in 
any scheme), tentare: cf. Suet. Tib. 12, 
Jin., tentare singulorum animos ad novas 
res, Suet. Tib. 12, fin.: Cic.: also solli- 
citare (to instigate, tempt): the ambas- 
sadors of the Allobroges had had o.s made 
to them by Lentulus, legatos Allobrogum 
a Lentulo esse sollicitatos, Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 
4: Sall. Sometimes to make 0.s may be 
nearly enough expr. by legatos mittere : 
e.g. to male o.s for peace, legatos de pace 
mittere, Liv. 2, 18, fim.: Vv. EMBASSY. 

I]. A musical introduction: *dra 
matis-musici exordium (Kr.). 
overturn: |, Lit.: 1, éverto 
ti, sum, 3: to o. a boat, naviculam e., 
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 174: Virg. Q. per- 
verto, 3 (completely) : to 0, trees, shrubs, 
dwellings, arbusta, virgulta, tecta p., 
Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49: PI. 3, subverto, 
3 (from below): to overturn mountains, 
montes §., Sall. Cat.13: Suet. 4, per- 
cello, ctli, culsum, 3 (in this sense, some- 
what archaic): v. TOUPSET. |], Fig., 
to ruin: éverto, @ruo, percello, ete. : v. 
TO OV ERTHROW. 

overvalue: nimis magni facio, aes- 
timo: v. TO VALUE. 

overweening: insdlens, ntis: 0. joy, 
ins. laetitia, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 3: very o. (pre- 


| sumptuous) persons, insolentissimi ho- 


mines, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8,12. Join: 
insolens et superbus, Cic. v. HAUGHTY, 
ARROGANT. 

overweeningly: insdlenter: Cic.: 
‘aes. 

overweigh : Vv. T0 OUTWEIGH. 

overwhelm: 1, obruo, i, itum 
3 (lit. and fig.): 0. their sunken ships, 
submersas obrue puppes, Virg. Aen. 1, 
69: to be o.d with missiles, telis obrul, 
id., 2, 411: to be o.’d by the greatness of 
responsibility us by @ wave, tanquam 
fluctu, sic magnitudine officii obrui, 
Cic. Q. Fr.1,1,1. Join: (criminibus, 
testibus] obrui atque opprimi, id. Verr. 
2, 1, J, eaxtr. 2. opprimo, pressi, 
ssum, 3 (/o crush, subdue): to be 0.’d by 
the fall of a chamber, ruina conclavis 
opprimi, id. liv. 2, 8, 20: od with 
insults, coutumeliis [opertus atque] op- 
pressus, id. Verr. 4, 50, 111. 0.’d with 
debt, aere alieno oppressus, Sall. Cat. 40. 

3. mergo, si, sum, 3 (to plunge; 

hence fig., to involve in destruction, etc. : 
chiefly poet ): tv 0. any one in the deep, 
aliquem aequore m., Virg. Aen. 6, 343: 
to v. uith untimely death, funere m. 
acerbo, ib. 6, 511. Liv.: v. TO SINK. 
Comp. submergo, 3: lo o. in the deep, 
ponto s, Virg. Aen. 1, 40. Also fig., 
tenebris s., Claud. 4. cdopério, rui, 
rtum, 4 (to cover wholly; lit. and fig.): 
Vv. TO COVER. Esp. in p. part. (fig.): 
o.d with sufferings, miseriis coopertus, 
Sall. Jug. 143. th guilt, flagitiis atque 
facinoribus c., id. Cat. 23- Cic. And in 
same sense, less treq., opertus: courts 
o.'d with infamy, judicia operta dedecure 


OVERWHELMING 


Ox 





atque infamia, Cic. Clu. 22,61. Phr.: 
to be 0..d with grief, in moerore jacére, 
id. Att. 10, 4, med.; mverore afflictum 
esse et profligatum, id. Cat. 2, 1, 2 (see 
also TO OVERLOME): to be o.’d with in- 
famy, intamia flagrare, ai. Att. 4, 18: 
Hor. 

overwhelming (adj.): cui resisti 
nou potest: V. IRRESISTIBLE. Phr.: on 
account of theo. evidence of his guilt, 
propter vim sceleris manifest! atque de- 
preheusi, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 11: the evidence 
against them is perfectly o., *testimoniis 
quam maxime munifestis obruti oppres- 
si tenentur, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, extr. 

overwhelmingly: cf. preced. artt. 

overwork (°.): expr. by “supra 
quam vires patiuntur: v. TO WORK. 

overwork (subs.): labor immddicus, 
nimius: v. EXCESSIVE. 

overwrought : élabdratus: Cic. Or. 
25, 84. Join: arcessitus et elaboratus, 
Quint. 12, 1c, 40. An o. diction, *oratio 
molesta quadam diligentia concinnata : 
cf. TO OVERDO, 

overzealous: nimis stididsus: v. 
ZEALOUS, 

oviparous: oviparus: Apul. 

owe: debeo, 2 (gen. term): fo o. 
money for anything, pecuniam pro 
aliqua re d., Cic. Ph. 2, 29, 71: to pay 
the debts you o., dissolvere quae debes, 
Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 51. Fig.: to owe any 
one gratitude, gratiam alicui d., Cic. Ph. 
2, 11, 27: too. a great deal to any one, 
alicui plurimum d., Caes. B. G. 5, 27. 
See also INDEBTED. Pbhr.: to 0. money, 
in aere alieno esse, aere alieno laborare, 
etc. (v. DEBT): to acknowledge that one 
0.8 something to some one, alicui aliquid 
acceptum referre, Cic. Phil. 2, 5, exty.: 
I od him nothing (was under no obli- 
ai obligatus ei nibil eram, id. Fam. 
» IX. 

owing, to be: |, Lit.: pass. of 
débeo, 2: money which is 0. me from an 
exchange, pecunia quae mihi ex permu- 
tatione debetur, Cic. Fam. 3, 5,2: v. TO 
owe. Phr.: balance of accounts o., 
reliqua, orum: id. Att.16,3. |J. Fig. 
to be due to any one’s instrumentality : 
Phr.: it was o. to the generals, not the 
men, that they were not victorious, per 
duces, non per milites stetisse ne vin- 
cerent, Liv. 3, 61, init.: also, per (me) 
stetit quommmus. .., Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 16 
(an idiom confined to negative conse- 
quences): it is 0, to you we have con- 
quered, *tibi victorian’ ascribimus, ac- 
ceptam referimus; quod vicimus, tuum 
est. 


owing to (pvep.): propter, etc.: v. 
account (ILI.). 
owl: 1, biibo, onis, m. (cf. Virg. 
Aen. 4, 462): the ill-omened o., b. fune- 
reus, Ov. M. tc, 453; profanus, ib. 6, 
432; funebris et maxime abominatus, 
Plin. 10, 12, 16: sinister, Lucan 5, 396): 
Virg. (Strix bubo, Linn.) Q. strix, 
igis, f.: Ov. F. 6, 139: Plin. 11, 39, 95. 
8. iiliila: Virg. E. 8, 55: Plin. to, 
12, 16. 4, noctua (perh. the short- 
cared o., *strix brachyotus): the o. em- 
ploys her evening note, seros exercet n. 
cantus, Virg. G. 1, 403: the o. noisy in 
rainy weather, n. in imbre garrula, 
Plin. 18, 35, 87: cf. id. 10, 12, 16, where 
bubo, noctua, ulula are mentioned to- 
gether. (N.B. Reserve bubo for places 
where the bird is treated as an evil 
omen: elsewhere, noctua and ulnla are 
best fitted for verse, and strix for prose; 
the specific differences being no longe- 
traceable with certainty.) 
owlet: iltila: v. owL. 
own (adj.): always preceded by 
my, thy, his, our, your, thetr, or some 
other possessive word : 1, expr. by 
gen. of ipse: with my, his, 0. hand, mea, 
sua ipsius manu: with their o. blood, eo- 
Tum ipsorum sanguine, Cic. Man. 11, 30, 
et pass. Also the pron. ipse freq. stands 
in apposition with subject, instead of 
being put in gen. : he cut off his o. legs, 
*ipse sua crura amputavit (not sua 
ipsiuscrura): for rules applying to such 
cases, comp. HIMSELF. 2, when a 
contrast gives prominence to the pron. 


| adj., meus, tuus, suus, etc. are sufficiently 
| ensphatic without any addition: e.g. to 
| defend the interests of their allies, not 
| their o. homes, sociorum tortunas, non 
sua tecta detendere, Cic. Man. 12, init. : 
grasping what belonged to others; lavish 
of his o., alieni appetens, sui prolusus, 
| Sall. Cat. 5 3, the pron. adj. is 
sometimes strengthened by suffixes, 
-met, -pte: by my o. fault, meamet 
(rare and archaic) culpa, V’l. Poen. 1, 3, 
37: on my oO. account, meapte causa, 
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 8° so, nostrapte culpa, 
id. Ph. 5,2, 1. This kind of emphasis 
is most common in suus: e. g. killed by 
his o. hand, suapte manu interfectus, 
Cic. de Ur. 3, 3,10: tm their own way, 
suopte more, Sall. Jug. 31. (N.B.—The 
pron. adj. is idiomatically strengthened 
by dativus ethicus sibi: I cut this man’s 
throat with his 0. sword, suo sibi hunc 
gladio jugulo, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 35.) 4. 
proprius (one’s own); oft. with pron. 
adj. meus, tuus, etc.: all that was (pe- 
culiarly) our o,., omnia quae nostra erant 
propria, Cic. R. Am. 52, init. Also 
without pron. adj., where the context 
implies possession: three estates are 
handed over to Capito as his o., tria 
praedia Capitoni p. traduntur, ib. 8, 21. 
5. péculiaris, e (uf one’s o. private 
property : strictly, in the case of persons 
not sui juris): to get anything on one’s 
o. private account, aliquid p. nomine 
apprehenderc (de filio], Ulp. Dig. 41, 2, 
4: his o. private slaves, servi p., Suet. 
Caes. 76. 

own (v.): |. To possess: ib 
téneo, ui, ntum, 2 (a general and some- 
what vague expr.): a madman is inca- 
pacitated from o.ing property, furiosus 
affectionem tenendi non habet, Paul. 
Dig. 41, 2,1 § 3: to 0. as private pro- 
perty (strictly of persons not sui juris), 
peculiariter t., ib. § 5: all that rich 
Achaemenes o.’d, quae tenuit dives A., 
Hor. Od. 2, 12, 21. ed. puesto sédi, 
sessum, 2 (strictly to hold or be in occu- 
pation, whether with ownership or not : 
cf. Gai. 2, 49, where stolen goods, res 
furtivae, and things wrongfully pos- 
sessed, res vi possessae, are classed to- 
gether: also used by ordinary writers in 
gen. sense): v. TO Possess. Phr.: he 
who 0.8 property, qui dominus est, Gai. 
Inst. 2, 61: if he o. @ slave, si in bonis 
ejus sit servus, ib. 1, 54: J consider I 
continue, to 0., though not (actually) to 
possess, ego dominium me retinere puto, 
possessionem non puto, Ulp. Dig. 41, 2, 
13, init. (Legal.). Il. Zo acknow- 
ledge: faiteor, confiteor, 2: v. TO CON- 
Frss. Phr.: to o, the sovereignty of, 
(imperio) parere, dicto audientem esse, 
etc.: V. TO OBEY ; SUBJECT (be). 

owner: 1, ddminus (proprietor ; 
whether in actual possessim or not): 
Gai. Inst. 2, 61: Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 43. (in 
common prose, chiefly with the lead- 
ing notion of authority: Vv. MASTER, 
LORD.) 2, possessor (strictly, the ac- 
tual holder; with or without proper 
ownership): V. POSSESSOR. 3. expr. 
by verb: qui tenet, dominium alicujus 
rei tenet (legal), etc.: v. TO OWN, 
OWNERSHIP. 

ownership: ddminium (legal): 0. of 
property has its beginning in natural 
occupation, d. rerum ex naturali pos- 
sessione coepit, Paul. Dig. 41, 2,1 $1: 
cf. ib. Ulp. 41, 2, 13, imit., where it is 
stated that dominium may survive after 
loss of possessio, as in the case of a sunk 
cargo of stone. Phr.: to acquire the o. 
of anything, aliquid peculiari nomine 
apprehendere, Ulp. 41, 2, 4 (of persons 
not sui juris). 

Ox: 1, bos, bdvis, c.: to plough 
with heavy oxen, bubus gravibus arare, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 20: to graze oxen, b. 
pascere, Col. 6, 3: the pass. being used 
of the oxen grazing or feeding, ib.: to 
serve out food to ozen, bobus pabula 
dispensare, ib.: the care of oxen, cura 
boum, Virg. G. 1, init. 2. collect. 
bubulum pécus, Oris: tm the case of 
ozen (“neat-cattle’’), in b. pecore, Varr. 
2, 1, med. 








PACIFIC 





ox-herd: (pastor) armentarius: v 
NEAT-HERD. 

ox-hide: cdrium bibilum: cf. PL 
Poen. 1, 1,11. Bags of o., utres bubuli, 
Plin. 6, 29, 34 § 176. Also, Ltergum 
taurinum, Virg. Aen. 1, 368; tergum 
bovis, Ov. M. 14, 225: Vv. HIDE. 

oxidize: Vv. TO RUST. 

ox-lip: *primula (elatior) . Webster. 

ox-stall: ]. biibile, is, n.: Cato 
R. R. 4: Col. 2. siabilum (boum): 
Col. 6, 23: Pall.: v. STALL. 

oxygen: *oxygénium: as ¢. ¢. (Kr.). 

oxytone: *oxytonus: M.L. Or by 
circuml., *(vox) cujus syllaba ultima 
acutum tonum habet; acuto tono sig- 
natur. 

Oyez: perb. hoc agite! Pl. As. prol. 
I. (Favete linguis is suitable only to 
religious ceremonies.) 

Oyster: Ostréa: o.-beds or preserves, 
ostrearum vivaria, Vlin. 9, 54,79. Less 
freq. ostreum, i: Hor. S. 2, 4, 33. (Os- 
trea edulis, Linn.) /ertaining to os, 
oyster-, ostrearius: Plin.: whence, os- 
trearium, an o.-bed, Plin. 9, 51, 714 9 
160: ytelding or abounding in 0.& 
ostrifer, Virg. G. 1, 207: ostreosus. 
Cat. 

—— shel]! ostreae (ostrei) testa: 
Plin. 32, 6, 21 § 65. 

— wife: *mulier ostrearia; mu 
lier quae ostreas venditat. 


E. 


ABULUM: alimentum, pabilum 
(strictly food of animutls ; also fig. 
of that which nourishes the mind): 
Vv. FOOD. 
pace (subs.) : |. A step: passus, 
iis; gradus, is: v. ster. ||, 4 mea- 
sure of length; five (Roman) feet, 
passus, tis: Plin. 2, 23, 21: Caes.: Cic, 
Most used in counting miles (millia 
passuum): Vv. MILE. Il. 4lanner of 
walking; esp. in regard of celerity. 1, 
gradus, us: at a quiet leisurely D., 
quieto et placido g., Phaedr. 2, 7,6: at 
full p. (quick march), pleno gradu, Liv. 
4, 32, ad fin.; citato g (a degree more 
rapid), id. 28, 14, ad fin.: at a steady 
p-, presso g., ib.: to mend the p. (march 
more rapidly), addere g., id. 26, 9, med. 
snail’s p. (lit. tortoise’s), testudinis g., 
Pl. Aul. 1, I, to. Q, expr. by passus, 
iis: to 70am with leisurely p. along the 
shore, per litora lentis p. spatiari, Ov. M. 
2, 573: at an old woman's p., anili p., 
ib. 13, 533. Phr.: to keep p. with 
each other, pariter ire, cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 
205: also, pariter excurrere, Cic. Or. 
51, 176 (of style keeping p. with subject 
matter). 
pace (v.): |. Intrans.: i 
spatior, 1 (to walk about, not going in 
any particular direction): to p. up and 
down in a portico, in xysto s., Cic. Opt. 
Gen. 3, 8: the crow p.s solitary on the dry 
sand, cornix sola in sicca s. arena, Virg. 
G. 1, 389: cf. PACE, subs. (ILL, 2). 9. 
incédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (to go with a mea- 
sured, stately gait): V.TOSTALK. Phr.: 
to p. steadily along, *composito ire 
gradu, ct.Virg. G. 3, 191. |]. Trans.: 
To get over ground by pacing: perh. 
calco, 1; youhare p.d more ground than 
any drudging muleteer, plura loca cal- 
casti quam ullus perpetuarius mulio, Sen. 
Apoc. 6, 2. Less colloq. pedibus obeo, 4, 
irr.: V.TOTRAVEL. — |jj, Also Trans.: 
to measure off distance by paces : *gradi- 
bus s. passibus émétior: V. TO MEA- 
SURE. 
pacer: perb. equus gridarius, Lucil. 
in Non. 17, 25. 
pacha: VY. PASHA. 
pacific : |, Suited to bring about 
peace, peace-making : 1, pacificus 
a p. character, p. persona (Opp. bellator), 
Cic. Att. 8, 12, med.: Lucan. Q. pa- 
cificatorius (v. rare): a p. embassy, le- 
gatio p., Cic. Ph. 12, 1,eztr. 3, pacifer, 
éra, érum (poet.): the p. olive, oliva p. 
Virg. Aen. 8,116: Ov. (More usu. expr. 
531 


PACIFICALLY 





by pax: e.g. to have p. intentions, paci 
studere ; pacis studiosum esse; pacis 
conciliandae studiosum esse; pacis com- 
positionisque amatorem esse, etc.: Vv. 
PEACE.) — {j, Tranquil, of a peaceful 
nature, pacatus, tranquillus: v. PEACE- 
FUL. 

pacifically ; expr. by circuml., these 
tribes were not at all p. inclined, *apud 
has gentes nihil hospitale pacatumve 
erat, cf. Liv. 21, 20, med.: *his gentibus 
animi minime ad pacem inclinabantur: 
V. PEACE, PEACEFUL. 

pacification: 1, pacilicatio (the 
bringing about of peace): Cic. Att. 7, 8, 
med.: Gell. 2. compositio: Join: 
pax, concordia, compositio, Cic. Ph. 2, 10, 


jin. (Or expr. by verb: accustomed to } 


the work of p., aversos solitus com- 
ponere amicos, Hor. S. 1, 5, 293 perso- 
nam pacificam gerere solitus, cf. Cic. 
Att. 8, 12, med. ; pacis, concordiae, com- 
positionis amicus, cf. id. Ph. 2, 10, fin., 
etc.) 

pacificator : pacificator: Cic. Att. 
1, 13: Liv. 

pacificatory * pacificatorius: v. pA- 
CIFIC. 

pacify : i.e. to quiet, appease : it 
placo, 1 (to soothe or soften down any 
one's anger) : to p. the wrath of the gods 
by gifts, p. donis iram deorum, Vet. Lex 
in Cic. Leg. 2, 9,22: to p. (propitiate) 
the immortal gods, numen dé orum im- 
mortalium p., Caes. B. G. 6, 16° to be- 
come p.’d towards any one, animo pla- 
cari in uliquem, Nep. Pel. 5. Fig.: to 
p. the angry stomach, ventrem ira- 
tum p., Hor. S. 2, 8, 5: Mart. D) 
gedo, 1 (to cause to settle down, assuage, 
appease): to kindle or p. popular excite- 
ment, populi impetum incendere, sedare, 
Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24: V. TO APPEASE (2). 
(N.B.—Sedo is not well used with a per- 
sonal object: express instead the emo- 
tion which is assuaged.) 8. lénio, 4 
(to calm down): to p. any one’s anger, 
aliquem iratum L., Cic. Att. 6,2, 1: to p. 
a@ ravenous appetite, stomachum latran- 
tem 1., Hor. S. 2, 2.18. (N.B.—Lenio, 
strictly, denotes abatement, not perfect 
appeasing of ange’.) 4, compono, 3 
(to bring together, restore amity be- 
tween) : V. TO RECONCILE. 

pack (subs.) : |. A bundle : sar- 
cina (esp. the pack or bundle carried by 
a soldier): Caes.: Liv. Also in non- 
milit. sense, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 6 (s. char- 
tae). Dimin. sarcinula (a@ smull p.), 
Gell. 19, 1, med. Belonging to, carrying 
@ p., sarcinarius, sarcinalis: v, PACK- 
HORSE. = |, Gf hounds: Phr.: to keep 
a p. of hounds, canes ad venandum alere, 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 30: to take a p. of 
hounds to the chase, venatum ducere 
canes, Pl, St. 1, 2,82. [|]. Gf men (con- 
temptuously): perh. turba: v. THRONG 
Stronger, colltivio, Onis; collivies, éi 
(lit. refuse washed together): cf. Cic. 
Vat. 9, 23, colluvio Drusi, Drusus’s con- 
temptible p. Also grex, which however 
has no contemptuous sense in itself; 
or manus: cf. Cic. Att. I, 16, 1, quos 
impetus ... in totam illam manum feci! 
on all that p.! But these are all less 
collog. than Eng. IV. Of cards: 
*chartae lusoriae. 

pack (v.): |. To put together in a 
parcel; usu. to p. up: 1, compono, 
posui, itum, 3: p. up what is to go with 
you, compone quae tecum simul feran- 
tur, Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5. Pl. Mil. 4, 7, 21. 
Also= to p. up and put away: p. up 
those serious boa'cs, tristes istos compone 
libellos, Prop. 1, 9, 13. 9. colligo, 
legi, ctum, 3 (40 gather together): esp 
in milit. phr., vasa c., to pack up bag- 
gage, Cic. Verr. 4, 19, init. (whence the 
phr. vasa conclamare, to raise the cry 
for packing up, Caes. B. C. 1, 66): also 
in non-milit. sense: to p. up my lug- 
gage before departing from life, sarcinas 
c. antequam proficiscar e vita, Varr. R. 
R. init. 8. alligo, 1 (to tie up): we 
are just now p.ing up our luggage, jam 
farcinuias alligamus, Plin. Ep. 4, 1, 2. 
To compress: arto (coarto). 
> ¥ TOCROWD. = [I], Zosend 











PAGE 


off unceremoniously: perh. détriido, si, 
sum, 3 cf. Pl. Aul. 2, 5,9, huccine de- 
trusti me ad senem parcissimum? have 
you p..d me off to this old miser’s? v. 
TO THRUST OFF. In this sense, esp. as 
v. refl. or intrans.: p. yourselves off ! 
bine vos amolimini! Ter. Andr. 4, 2. 
23. SeealsoTOGET RID OF. |¥Y, To 
Jorm a jury by unfair selection: perh. 
*judices per calumniam eligere; judi- 
cium calumnia judicum eligendorum 
corrumpere* so with ref. to meetings : 
the promoters of the scheme p.'d the 
meeting, *per speciem coetus publici, 
consilii ejus auctores nonnisi suos ho- 
mines (suam turbam) congregabant. 

package: 1, sarcina; dimin. sar- 
cinula (a small p.): v. PACK (L.). 2 
fasciciilus : v. PACKET. 

packet: |. Parcel: fascictilus: a 
p. of letters, f. epistolarum, Cic. Att. 2, 
13: Hor. See also pack (I.). I]. 4 
dispatch vessel: navis tabellaria: Sen. 
Ep. 77, init 

pack-cloth: perh. ségestre, is, 7.: 
Suet.: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

— horse: 1, jamentum (any 
beast of burden): more precisely, ju- 
mentum sarcinarium, Caes. B. C. 1, 81. 

2. agminalis équus (rare): Dig. 50, 
4,18§21. 8, perh.clitellarius equus : 
v. foll. art. 
saddle; clitellae, arum: Hor. 8. 
1, 5,47: Phaedr. Having todo witha p., 
clitellarius: an ass carrying @ p., asinus 
clitellarius, Cato R. R. 10, init. 

—— thread; linea: v. strinc. Or 
finicilus (a@ small cord), Plin. 17, 21, 
35 § 166. 

pad (subs.): i. e. for filling out : 
perh. pulvinus (lit. cushion): or, fartura 
(filling up, stuffing): a term used by 
Vitr. of the filling up of the interior of a 
thick wall, 2, 8, 7 

pad (v.): Phr.: to p. a coat, *ves- 
timentum lana inducta subtersternere. 
See also TO STUFF. 

padding (subs.): 
PAD (subs.). 

paddle (subs.): i.e. a broad, short 
kind of oar: perh. *remus brevior la- 
tiorque ; remus curtus (R. and A.). 

paddle (v.): |. Trans., to propel 
with a paddle: nearest word, impello: 
v. TO ROW, ij, Jntrans., éo play in 
the water with the hands: *manibus 
aquam ludendo agitare. 

paddle-box: *(navigii) rotae im- 
pulsoviae opertorium (?). 

—— wheel: *rota impulsoria (?) ; 
rota quae remigii loco adhibetur. 

paddock: septum : v. ENCLOSURE. 

padlock: *séra pensilis, Jan. (in Kr.). 

paean: paean, anis, m.: Virg.: 
Prop. (Or by circuml., to sing the p., 
*carmen victoriae causa tollere:) 

paeon: paeon, Onis, m.: Quint. 

pagan (subs. ); paganus (late): usu. 
pl.: Aug. (“deorum falsorum multo- 
rumque cultores paganos vocamus.”— 
Retract. 2, 43): Isid. 8, to: Hier.: v. 
HEATHEN, IDOLATER. 

pagan (adj.): paganus: p. rites and 
ceremonies, ritus cultusque p., Cod. 
Theod. See also HEATHEN (adj.) 

paganism: paganitas (v. rare) : Cod. 
Theod. (Better expr. by pagani or 
ethnici, orum: the religions of p., *pa- 
ganorum s. ethnicorum superstitiones). 

page (subs.) : |. Of @ book, ete.: 
pagina: to fill a p. (with writing), p. 
complere, Cic. Att. 13, 34: M. L. Il. 
A boy in attendance, esp. at court: 

1, puer, éri (also in gen. sense = 
attendant, slave): royal p.s (of the kings 
of Macedon), regii p., Liv. 45, 6, med. : 
more precisely, nobiles pueri custodiae 
corporis [regis] assueti, Curt. 10, 5, med. 

2. (later) paedagogianus (puer) : 
Amm. 26, 6, med. : Cod.'heod. (Hence 
the modern word.) Collectively, a com- 
pany of p.s., paedagogium (strictly the 
part of a house occupied by them): cf. 
Gierig ad Plin. Ep. 7. 29, 13: also Tac. 
A. 15, 69, delecta juventus....decora 
servitia, 

page (v.): to p. a book, libri (codicis) 
paginis Qumeros ascribere. 





perh. fartira: v. 





i 


PAINS 





pageant: |. Agrandshow: 1, 
spectaciluin: Vv. SHOW 2. pompa 
(a grand procession) : V. PROCESSION. 

Il. Anything showy, without dura- 
bility : perh. spécies (oft. = appearance 
without reality); cf. species atque pon 
pa, Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294. 

pageantry: species atque pompa, 
apparatus : v. POMP, DISPLAY. 

paging (subs.): *paginarum ordo s, 
ratio. 

pagoda: * aedes sacra Indica qualis 
pagoda dicitur. 

pail: hama, sitiila (-us): v. BUCKET. 

pain (subs.): |, Bodily suffering : 
dolor (most gen. term) : bodily p., d. cor- 
poris, Lucr. 4, 1075. Cic. Tuse. 2, 6, 16: 
to suffer from intense p., summis @ 
premi, Cic. l.c.: to bear p., d. terre, ib. 2. 
10, init.: to be overcome by p., dolore 
frangi, debilitari, ib. 2, 13, 31; when the 
Jiercest fits of p. come on, dolorum quum 
admoventur faces, id. Off. 2, 10, 37. 
Phr.: to be in p., dolére: oft. of parts 
of the body ( = to ache), Cic. Tusc. 2, 
19, 44: also, condolescere (rare except in 
perf. tenses): his side caused him (great) 
p. as he was speaking, condoluisse latus 
ei dicenti, Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6 (see also 
PAINFUL). To suffer excruciating p., 
incredibiles cruciatus et indignissima 
tormenta pati, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 6. Il. 
Mental distress: dolor, aegritido, an- 
gor: V. GRIEF, ANGUISH. |||, Penalty: 
q. Vv. IV. Trouble, effort; in this 
sense usu. pl.: v. PAINS. 

pain (v.): |. Bodily: expr. by 
doleo, 2: v. TO ACHE. (Impers. use, 
mihi dotet [= doleo], tt p.s me: archaic.) 

|]. Mentally : expr. by dotore afficere, 
dolorem alicui facere, etc.: Vv. TOGRIEVE. 
Phr.: to be pd at anything, dolenter 
aliquid ferre, Plin. Kp. 1, 5, 4: so, lo 
be p.d to say a thing, dolenter aliquid 
dicere, Cic. Ph. 8, 7, 22. 

painful: J. Lit.: (@.) causing 
pain: expr. by dolor, criciatus, etec.: 
to be extremely p. (of an abscess), 
dolores magnos movere, Cels. 7, 12, 5- 
it (the pimple) is move p. than might be 
expected from ils size, dolor ex ea (pus- 
tula) supra magnitudinem est, ib. 5, 28. 
15: a disease which is both dangerous 
and very p., *morbus qui cum periculo 
summos etiam dolores habet: to bear 
in a manly way the most p. malady, 
*valetudinis cruciatus summos ac tor- 
menta viriliter ferre. (b.) feeling pain, 
attended with pain: expr. by doleo (to 
be p.: v. TO ACHE), indolescere (to grow 
p-), condolescere (to be in great pain): 
the last rare except in perf. tenses: to 
become increasingly p., Magis indo- 
lescere, Cels. 5, 28, 11: tf foot or tooth 
be p., Si pes condoluit, si dens, [si tactum 
dolore corpus], Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52. 
(N.B.—Not acerbus; which is fig.: v. 
infr.) I. Afflictive, distressing: 1, 
acerbus (bitter, trying): p. recollection, 
a. memoria, Cic. Pl. 41, 99: tn p. circum- 
stances, in rebus a., Lucr. 3, 54. 2: 
expr. by ddlor, moeror, aegrittdo, ete. : 
what could be more p. than this? *hoe 
quid potest acriorem animo dolorem 
afferre? Vv. GRIEF. [I]. Laborious : 
opérosus, diligens : Vv. LABORIOUS, 

painfully : |. With pain: *cum 
(magno, summo) dolore: v. PAIN. ff, 
So as to cause painful emotion: dol- 
enter. to be p. affected by any one's death, 
morte alicujus d. affici, Pin. Ep. 9,9. tt. 
Or expr. by dolore afficere, dolorem 
(cruciatumque animi) alicui afferre, ete. : 
V. GRIEF, DISTRESS. I]. Laboriously : 
6pérds@. v. LABORIOUSLY. Or perh. md!- 
esté (taking more pains than needful) : 
ef. Suet. Aug. 86, moleste scribere, to 
write painfully accurately, with painful 
accuracy. 

painfulness: expr. by dolor: v. 
pain. In fig. sense, acerbitas: Cic. Fam. 
5, 16, tit. 

painless; sine dolore, doloris expers: 
V. WITHOUT. 

Pains: i. e. exertion, endeavour: 
bpéra (effort, labour ; collectively): esp. 
in phr., dare operam, to talkie all possible 
p.: toll. by ut and (of negative purposes } 


4 








PAINSTAKING 





ne: Cic. Att. 16, 16 (da operam, ut va- 
Jeas): Caes. B. C. 1, 5 (dent o. consules 
nequid resp. detrimenti capiat): with 
dat. of substantive object = to occupy 
oneself about anything: e. g. dare ope- 
ram valetudini, to attend to health, tale 
exercise constitutionally: Cic. de Or. 1, 
Jin. Also with other verbs: e. g. ope- 
ram {et laborem] consumere in aliqua 
re, to bestow p. and labour on it, id. 
de Or. 1, 55, 2343 operam [studiumque ] 
in aliquam rem conterre, id. Off. 1, 6, 19. 
Phr.- to take (great) p. about anything, 
elaborare (constr. with subj., in with 
abl. or less freq. acc, and in later 
authors infin.: also absol.): to take p. 
not to damage a case, &. ut ne quid 
causae obsis, Cic. de Or. 2, 72, jin.: to 
take p. over anything, e. in aliqua re, 
ib. 1, 3, 9: Quint. See also TO EXERT 
(IL), strive; and TROUBLE (subs.). 
painstaking (adj.): dSpérdsus, seé- 
diilus: v. INDUSTRIOUS, LABORLOUS. 
paint (v.): A. Trans.: |. To 
represent by colours, to adorn by means 
of them: pingo, nxi, ctum, 3: to p. pic- 
tures, tabulas p., Cic. Inv. 2, init.: to p. 


the likeness of a man, hominis speciem | 


p., id. de Ur. 2, 16, 69: also, p. Alexan- 
drum, to p. (the portrait of ) Alexander, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 239. Comps. (1). dépingo, 
3 (same sense): do p. the battle of Ma- 
rathon, pugnam Marathoniam d., Nep. 
Milt. 6: Quint. @). expingo, 3 (rare): 
Plin. 35,7, 31. Phr.: top. imencaustic, 
Ppicturas inurere, Plin. I. c. Il. 70 
colour : 1, indico, xi, ctum, 3 (¢o lay 
or smear over): originally with the subs. 
for paint, colour, expressed: cf. Hor. A. P. 
2, varios inducere colores: Plin. 35, 6, 
26, ovo inducere purpurissum, i. e. to lay 
on purple with white of egg: also absol. : 
nowadays whole walls are p.d, nunc Loti 
parietes inducuntur, Vitr. 7, 5, jim. (as 
distinguished from the true decorative 
art, Lc. § 2, sqq.): to p. the walls of a 
house with vermilion, parietes minio i., 
id. 7,9, 2. Vitr. also uses the constr. of 
acc. and dat.: cf. supr. 9. fico, 1: 
p.d boards, fucatae colore tabulae, ‘Tac. 
A. 2,14: Hor. Esp. to p. the face (use 
cosmetics): Quint. 8, pref. § 19. 3. 
expingo, 3: to p. the cheeks, genas ex., 
Mart. 7, 83: Tert. (N.B.—Expolio in- 
cludes the whole of decorative art: cf. 
Vitr. 7, 9, 2.) Ill. Fig.: to represent 
as if with colours; to depict : 1 
pingo, depingo, 3: the theme which Iam 
wont to p. with varied colouring in my 
own speeches, locus quem ego varie meis 
orationibus soleo p., Cic. Att. I, 14, 4: 
to p. any one’s life and character, vitam 
alicujus depingere, id. R. Am. 27, 74: 
to p. any one in his true colours, *alicujus 
vitam moresque suis coloribus expingere. 


2. exprimo, describo, 3: v. TO DE- | 


SCRIBE, REPRESENT. B. Intrans.: 
|. To execute pictures: pingo, 3: 
his daughter also p.’d, cujus filia et ipsa 
pinxit, Plin. 35, 9, 35 § 59 (usu. betier 
expr. tabulas). Il. Yo use colour: 
Phr.: colorem fuco mentiri, Quint. 2, 
; 5: 3 genas expingere, Mart.. v. supr. 
co aint (subs.): 1, pigmentum (any 
uring matter): Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23: 
Plin. 2, fiicus (ved colouring matter ; 
esp. as cosmetic): Quint. 2, 15, 25: Hor.: 
Plin. 3, vénénum (poet.): Ov R. Am. 
351 (— cosmetic): Hor. 4. médica- 
mentum (colouring matter: rare). to 
use vermilion as a p.m. minio uti, Vitr 
9,5, 8: Sen. (= cosmetic). Also médi- 
camen, inis, n. (mostly poet.): a face 
bedaubed with p., facies medicamine 
attrita, Petr. 126: Ov. 5, (black p. 
or varnish) atramentum: Vitr. 7, 10, 1: 
Plin. 6, cOdlor, Gris (colouring matter, 
whether in its native state or prepared 
for use): Vitr. 7,6, sqq. Phr.: tolaya 
coat of red p. on a wall, parietem miniv 
(rubrica) inducere; parieti minium (ru- 
bricam) inducere: cf. Vitr. 7, 9, 2. 
paint-brush: pénicillus: Cic. Q. Fr. 
2,05; ; 
painter: |. Artistic: pictor, m.: 
Hor. A. P. 1: Cic.: Plin. To be a p., 
pingere (sc. tabulas), Plin. 35, 9, 35 § 59. 


PALE 


PALISADING 





Il. House p.: expr. by indico, 3: 

v. TO PAINT (LI.). 

painting: |. The art: pictira: 
Cic. de Or. 2, 16, 69: concerning the 
origin of p., de initiis picturae, Plin. 35, 
3,5: the art and theory of p., ars Ta- 
tioque picturae, Cic, de Ur. 3, 7, 26. 
Encaustic p., ars picturas inurendi: v. 
ENCAUSTIC. Il. 4 picture: tibiila (ta- 
bella), pictlra: v. PICTURE. 

pair (swos.): 1, par, paris, n.: 
three or four p.s of friends, tria aut 
quattuor p. amicorum, Cie. Am. 4, 15: 
a noble p. of brothers (ironical), p. nobile 
fratrum, Hor. S. 2, 3, 243: a p. of doves, 
p. columbarum, Ov. M. 13, 833. 9 
expr. by bini, ae, a (where two things 
of the same Kind go together): a p. of 
cups, bini scyphi, Cic. Verr. 4, 14, 42: 
Virg. (N.B.—Only when a single p. is 
spoken of.) In like manner, gémini, 
gémelli: a p. of tripods, gemini tripodes, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 625: cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 244, 
pravorum amore gemellum, i. €. @ per- 
Sect p. in love of vice. 8, conjigium 
(of male and female: rare): they mostly 
wander in p.s, conjugia ferme vagantur, 
Plin. 8, 23, 35. 4, mariti, orum (man 
| and wife): a young p. (newly married 
couple), novi m., Apul. M. 8, p. 153. 

pair (v-.): |. Trans., to bring to- 
gether in couples: 1, jungo, con- 
jungo, 3: v. To vor. 2, gémino, r: 
to p. serpents with birds, serpentes 
avibus g., Hor. A. P. 13. 3. compo- 
no, pdsui, itum, 3 (esp. with a view to 
a combat; to match combatants) : 
| Quint. 2, 17, 33: Lucil. in Cic. Il. 
Intrans., to be united sexually: aE 
maritor, 1: Plin. 16, 25, 39: ef. Varr. 
R. R. 2, 9, med. (But maritari may 
be used of animals which have pro- 
miscuous intercourse.) Q. cdeo, 4, 
irr. (to have sexual intercourse): Plin. 
10, 53, 74, etc. (More precisely, * cer- 
tis conjugiis maritari s. coire: doves do 
not have indiscriminate congress, but 
p., *columbae non promiscue coeunt sed 
singulis maritantur.) 

pairing (subs.): 1, cditus, is 
(sexual congress): Plin. 2. (poet.) 
Hyménaei: cf. Virg. G. 3, 60. Phr.: 
some birds have no definite p.-time, 
quaedam aves nullo certo tempore anni 
coeunt, ef. Plin. 10, 53, 74- 

palace: 
palace of the sun. r. solis, Ov. M. 2, 1: 
| Cic.: Liv. Also aedes regiae : Cic. Tusc. 
5, 21, init. 2. palatium (strictly, the 
| hill on which Augustus had his p.; 
| hence, esp. in pl., the palace itsel7, and 
| by anal. the p. of any great potentate, 
| poet.): the p. of the vast sky, magni 
| palatia _coeli, Ov. M. 1, 176: Apul. 
| (N.B.— Mart. has the first syll. long: 
| I. 70, 5, etc.) 8. aula (esp. poet.): 
a p. that exposes its possessor to envy, a. 
invidenda, Hor. Od. 2, Io, 8: v. COURT. 
| paladin: *eques errans. 
palanquin:: lectica Indica: v. Lit- 
TER. 
| palatable: 1. 
Apic.: v. SAVOURY. 2. boni sici 
(succi): Hor. S. 2, 4, 13. So, to be less 
p. than, suco cedere (with dat.), ib. jo: 





sipidus: Apul. : 


8, jucundus, suavis (agreeable to 
the palate): Hor.: v. nice (IIL). For 
fig. sense, v. AGREEABLE, PLEASANT. 

palatal ; *palatalis,e: Gram. ¢. f. 
palate: palatum or -us: Cie. Fin. 2, 
8, 24 (palatus): meton., a discrimi- 
nating p., subtile p., Hor. S. 2, 8, 38. 
For fig. sense, see also TASTE. 
palatial: expr. by régius: ef. Hor. 
Od. 2, 15, 1, moles r., i.e. massy, pala- 
tial piles. A p. mansion, *domus regiae 
instar. 
palatine (adj.) : *palatinus (in class. 
Lat.= appertaining to the Palatium) : 
county p., *comitatus palatinus. (N.B. 
—Mart. has first syll. long. 8, 39, ete.) 
palaver (subs.) : nuigae, arum ; vanus 
sermo, etc.: V. NONSENSE, TALK. 
palaver (v.): perh. nugor, 1: cf. Cic. 
Div. 2, 13, unit. 
pale (subs.): 
vallus: ¥. STAKF 





|, A stake: palus, 
I]. Limit: perh 


1, régia (sc.domus): tie | 


not at all p., suco ingratus, Ov. Hal. 103. | 








pomoerium (pomerium). strictly, a 
narrow space encircling and bounding 
acity: Varr. L. L. 5, 32, 143 used fig. 
Varr. R. K., 1, 2, med. (minore p. ali- 
quam rem finire). Or limes, itis, m. 
(a boundary wall): Tac.G 29,eztr.: v 
BOUNDARY. II]. #nclosed territory: 
fines, ium, m.: V. TERRITORY. 
pale (v.): |. Zo surround with 
pales: palis cingo, sépio: v. To suR- 
ROUND. |. Intrans, to yield in 
brilliancy to: 1, cédo, déc&do, 3 (the 
latter less freq. than simple verb: but 
see Hor. Od. 2, 6, 15): Vv. TO YIELD. 
2. obtsciiror, 1 (as pass. refl., to 
appear dark or unimportant in com- 
parison) : the glory of the conqueror p.s 
before that of him, *prae illius gloria 
obscuratur (et quasi interil) viciwrnm 
fama nomenque. cf. Cic. Fin, 4, 12, 31. 
See also TO DIN. 
pale EoD, |. Pallid: 1, pal- 
lidus: Hor.: Ov. Poet. of that which 
makes p.: hence, p. death, p. mors, 
Hor. Od. 1, 4, 13. To look p., palleo, 
2: Cie.: Ov.: Jnv.: with impers. 
part. as adj.: (poet.)- p. shades pal- 
lentes umbrae, Virg. Aen. 4, 26 Lucr.: 
Ov. 2. luridus (deadly p., corpse- 
like): Hor.- Ov.: v. GHASTLY, 3. 
exsanguis, e (bloodless, perfectly pale : 
poet. in present sense): p. (with face 
blanched) with fear, exsanguis metu, 
Ov. M. 9, 224: Virg. 4, albus (of 
the person, p. from sickness, fatigue, 
etc.): p. body (in dropsy), a. corpus, 
Hor. Od. 2, 2, 15: p. from city duties, 
urbanis albus in officiis, Mart. 1, 55, eztr. 
§, décdlor, dris (having lust its 
proper hue or brilliancy): Vv. DIs0u 
LOURED. |], Faint,dimofhue: 1, 
pallidus: the very p.est of the stars, 
stellae quae sunt omnium pallidissime, 
Bins 255 1228 pallens, ntis 
ceneny poet.): p. violets, p. violae, Virg. 
. 2, 47: @ p. green stone, gemma € 
viridi pallens, Plin. 37, 8, 33: Ov. 3. 
as epith. of colours, dilitus: v. PAINT 
(IL.). As epith. of colours, may some- 
times be expr. by prefix sub-: e.g. of a 
p. green, subviridis; of a p. red, sub- 
rufus, etc. 
pale, to grow ©r become: 1. 
pallesco, pallui, 3: to grow p. over cares, 
curis p., Prop. 1, 13,7; with indoor life, 
umbratica vita p., Quint. 1,2, 18. Comps. 
(1). expallesco, 3 (to tun very p.): Ov.: 
Plin. min. (2). impallesco, 3 (to turn 
p. at or over anything: rare): to grow 
p. over the midnight sheet, nocturnis imp 
chartis, Pers. 5, 62: Stat. Q. exal- 
besco, albui, 3 (to turn quite white): Cic. 
AC. 2, 15, 48 
pale-eyed: *pallens oculos. 
paleness. pallor: 1. pallor 
Cic.: Hor.: icy p., gelidus p., Ov. Tr. 1, 
40 Lr. Q. liror (ghastly p.: very 
rare): Lucr. 4, 334: Apul. (Or by cir- 
cuml. pallidus s. luridus color: Vv. PALE). 
paleography: Phr.: skilled in p., 
*antiquarum s. priscarum litterarum 
notarum peritus, cf. Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85; 
*antiquae scribendi rationis peritus. 
(Palaeographia, quae nunc dicitur.) 
palfrey ; *equus qui frenis ducitur. 
in modern sense, *equus (caballus) 
mulieri vehendae aptus. 
palimpsest: pilimpsestus, i, m.: 
Cic. Fam. 7, 18, med. 
paling: v. PALISADE. ¥ 
palinode: pilinddia fo sing a p. 
(fig. to recant), p. canere, Macr. S. 4, 5, 
init. (Also Cic., but in Gk. characters. 
palisade: 1. sépimentum (saep- 
palis statutis factum (wooden paling) : 
Varr. R. K. 1, 14 (sepimentum = fence 
in gen. sense). 9, valium (military ; 
consisting of stakes {valli} mounted on 
an agger): to surround a town with 
trench and p. (siege-works), oppidum 
fossa et vallo cingere, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 
med.: Caes.: Liv. The masc, form val- 
lus (as collect., cf. L. G. § 590) also 
occurs in same sense. Caes. B.C. 3, 63. 
init. (N.B.—Vailli, as distinguished 
from pali, are stakes or palisading used 
Sor military purposes.) : 
palisading: i.e. materials for pali- 
533 


PALISH 





sades: vallus (collect.): Cic. Tuse. 2, | 


16, 37 (ferre vallum, fo carry p.): Liv. 

palish: 1. pallidilus: Cat. 2, 
subpallidus. Cels. 

pall (subs.) : |. 4 mantle of dig- 
nity: palla: the stately p. (of tragedy), 
p- honesta, Hor. A. P. 278. |]. or 
fumerals: pallium: to cover a bier with 
ap., lectum funebrem contegere pallio, 
Apul. 

Pall (v.): i.e. to become sickening : 
expr. by fastidium, satiétas: cf. Cic. de 
Or. 3, 25, 98, quae maxime sensus im- 
pellunt voluptate,...ab iis celerrime 
Jastidio quodam et satietate abalienamur, 
i. e. they pall upon us : no pleasure which 
does not p. with repetition, nulla volup- 
tas quae non assiduitate fastidium pa- 
riat, Plin. 12, 14, 40: so, satietatem et 
f. ferre, Quint. 5, 14, 30. See also TO 
SATIATE. 

palladium : J. An image of 
Pallas: Palladium: Virg. Aen. 2, 166. 

IL. Fig. that which gives security : 
expr. by circuml., cf. Cic. Ph. 11, 10, 24, 
ut id signum, ccelo delapsum. . . quo 
salvo, salvi sumus futuri, i.e. the p. of 
our safety (see the place). Sometimes 
vindex (avenger, nuaintainer) may serve: 
cf. Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 39, where the ballot 
is spoken of as, quasi vindex libertatis, 
“as it were the p. of freedom.” 

pallet: |, A low bed: grabatus: 
Cic. Div. 2, 63, 129. I]. 4 painter’s 
a palette)- perh. discus pigmentarius 
( 7 


r.). 

palliate: Phr.: to p. a crime, 
*verbis sceleris atrocitatem extenuare, 
lenire: cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 40, 103 (crimen 
ex., to abate the strength of an accu- 
gation): Sall. Jug. 27 (atrocitatem facti 
lenire, to soften it down): though they 
could not justify themselves altogether, 
cheu sought to p. their conduct, *quum 
sese ex toto purgare non possent, atta- 
men excusando delicta extenuare cona- 
bantur. See also TO EXCUSE, EXCUL- 
PATE; PRETEXT. 

palliation; expr. by verb: v. To 
PALLIATE. 

palliative (subs.): perh. lénimen- 
tum: Tac. H. 2, 67. (Usu. expr. by 
verb: that may act asa p. of the evil 
not as a complete remedy, *ea res malum 
Mitigare quidem possit, nullo modo 
autem tollere: v. TO MITIGATE, ALLE- 
VIATE.) 

pallid: v. PALE. 

pallor: v. PALENESS. 

palm (subs.): |, The flat part of 
the hand: palma: Cic.: Virg.: Cels. 
The extended p., manus plana (flat 
hand), Sen. Ep. 56, 1. (Vola, the hollow 
of the sole, in persons not flut-fvoted.) 

||. A lineal measure, four digits : 

palmus (1 of a cubit; p. mivor): Vit. 
3,1,7(p. major =Gk. ombayy, & span). 
Adj. palmaris, of a p.’s breadth: Varr. : 


Col. |]. Zhe tree: palma: Caes. B.C. 
3, 105: Plin. (*Phoenix dactylifera, 
Linn.) IV. A branch of the p.-tree; 


esp. as token of victory: palma: a gla- 
diator who has won many a p., pluri- 
marum p. gladiator, Cic. R. Am. 6, 17: 
to give the p. to any one, p. alicui dare, 
id. de Or. 3, 35, 143; deferre, ib. 2, 56, 
227: to bear the p. away (be the best), 
p. ferre, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, ad med. 
Adj. palmaris (palmarius, Ter.), bear- 
ing or worthy to bear the p.: Cic. N. D. 
I, 8, 20. 

palm (v.): usu. to palm off; i. e. to 
tmpose something upon any one by de- 
ception: expr. by impono, suppono, 3 
(the latter implying substitution of 
one thing for another): we have p.’d 
ourselves off upon the people for orators, 
populo imposuimus et oratores visi 
sumus, Cic. in Quint. 8, 6, 20 (Vv. TO I- 
POSE UPON): (the rascal) who p.’d off 
this fellow upon us, qui hunc supposuit 
nobis, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 2. 

palmary : palmaris, e: Cic. N. D. 1, 

» 20. 

palmate: palmatus (worked or em- 

ideved with palms): the p. tunic, 
tunica p., Liv. 30, 15, fin.: Mart, 
534 








PAN 


PANIC 





palmer: *qui religionis causa loca 
sacra obiit. 

palmer-worm: “érica (caterpil- 
lar): Col.: Plin. 

palmistry: *vaticinandi genus ma- 
nuum palmis inspectis factum. (* Chi- 
romantia: Gk. yecpowayteta.) 

palm-oil. *oleum ex palmarum baca 
factum. 

palm-tree: v. PALM (IIL). 

palmy: expr. by floreo, 2: in the p. 
days of Sicily, tune quum Sicilia florebat 
opibus et copiis, Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 46: 
those were the p. days of Roman elo- 
quence, *tunc temporis in fustigio stetit 
eloquentia Romana : cf. Quint. 12, I, 20; 
*eo tempore praecipua eloquentiae laude 
Roma excellebat, 

palpable: |. Perceptible to the 
touch : ], tractabilis, e: bodily, vi- 
sible, p., corporeum, aspectabile, tr., 
Cic. Tim. 4, med.: Vulg. Hebr. xii. 18. 

Q, tactilis, e (extr. rare): Lucr. 5, 

152. 8. palpabilis, e (not class.) : 
darkness thick and p., tenebrae crassi- 
tudine palpabiles, Oros, (Forcell.) il. 
Gross, easily detected: manifestus: cf. 
Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 16, 48, ejusmodi res, 
ita notas, ita testatas, ita magnas, ita 
manifestas.... “so gross and p.”: V. 
GLARING. ||], Plain, obvious: apertus, 
manifestus: v. MANIFEST, EVIDENT. 

palpably ; manifesto: Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 


4 (m. deprehendi): Plin. Also mani- 
feste : Apul. d 
palpitate: 1, palpito, 1 (to meve 


with a quick tremulous motion; natu- 
rally or unnaturally): to p. so fast (of 
the heart), tam mobiliter p., Cic. N. D. 
2,9,24: half-alive and p.ing (quivering), 
semianimis palpitansque, Suet. Tib. 61, 
med. Q. salio, ii and ui, ltum, 4 (¢o 
throb, as the heart naturally dues): 
Join: salire atque palpitare, Plin. 10, 
53, 14: Ov. M. 10, 289. See also To 
THROB, 3. mico, ui, 1 (like salio, 
denoting the natural action of the 
heart): Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24: also with 
ref. to the effect of fear, metu m., Ov. F. 
3, 36 (so salio: Pl. Cas. 2, 6, 62). In 
same sense, emico: Vell. (To denote 
atmormal palpitation, use circuml., 
*nimia agitatione palpitare; celerius 
quam oportet palpitare, micare.) 

palpitation : palpitatic (cordis): i.e. 
the natural pulsation of the heart: 
Plin. 32, 5,18. To suffer from p. of the 
heart, *immodica cordis palpitatione 
laborare. Also palpitatus, is: Plin. 

palsied: paralyticus ; v. PARaLYTIC, 
PARALYSIS. 

palsy: paralysis, is, /. ; v. PARALYSIS. 

palter: tergiversor, I: v. TO SHUFFLE. 

palterer: tergiversator: v. TRICK- 
STER, SHUFFLER. 

paltriness: expr. by adj.: v. PALTRY. 

paltry : 1, vilis, e: nothing so p. 
or common, nihil tam v. neque tam vul- 
gare, Cic. R. Am. 26, 71: a@ p. as, vile 
as, Hor.S. 1, 1, 43. 2. minitus (insig- 
nificant): V. PETTY, TRIFLING. Phr.: 
a p. fellow, homo minimi pretii, homo 
nihili: cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4: Pl. See 
also GOOD-FOR-NOTHING. 

pampas: *loca campestria extentis- 
sima quae pampas appellantur. 

pamper: [nimium] indulges, si, tum, 
2 (with dat.): v. TO INDULGE. Phr.: 
Ihave p.’d (and spoiled) you, nimis te 
habui delicatum, Pl. Men. 1, 2, to: to p. 
the appetite, gulae parere (servire), Hor. 
S. 2, 7, 111: a p.’d menial, *servus nimia 
indulgentia contumax atque insolens. 

pamphlet: libellus (any small 
work) : Vv. BOOK. 

pamphleteer: *libellorum scriptor. 

pan: |. A vessel: patina (a broad 
open vessel; a stew-pan: also, for 
serving up in): Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 74: Cic.: 
Plin. Special terms: a frying-p.,sartago, 
fretale (v. FRYING-PAN) : also trixorium 
(v. rare), Plin, Val.: a chafing-p., batillus, 
Hor. S. 1, 5, 36: a foot-p., pelluvium or 
-a: Fest. Il. The cavity in the joint 
of a bone; acetabilum: v. SOCKET. 

Ill. Anee-pan : patella: Cels. 8, 1, 

post med. IV. O/ a gun: *alvedlus 
(Danetus in Kr.); *receptaculum pul- 


veris pyrii (Georg.); * scutula unde 
pulvis pyrius in telo ignifero accenditur 
(Kr.). Phr.: to make a mere flash in 
the p., fumum ex fulgore dare, Hor. 
A. P. 143. 
panacea: panchrestum médicamen- 
tum (fig.): Cic. Verr. 3, 65, 152: Plin. 
(Panacea, name of a plant, heal-all.) 
Or expr. by omnibus morbis mederi- 
v. TO HEAL. 
paneake: *laganum ex wvo frictum 
(The ordinary Roman laganum was a 
plain cake prepared with oil: cf. Cels. 
8, 7, fin.) 
pandect: in pl, pandectae, arum, 
m.; digesta, orum: the pundects : 
Justin. Ep. in pref. Dig. (quinquaginta 
Digestorum seu Pandectarum libri) 
pander (subs): léno, Onis. per- 
ductor: v. PROCURER. 
pander (v.): léndcinor, 1 (strictly, 
to play the part of a procurer to: with 
dat.): Join: servire, lenocinari, Cic. 
Verr. Div. 15, 48 (said of a parasite and 
Jlatterer). Phr.: top. to any one’s evil 
sions, *alicui ad libidinem facem 
praeferre, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 13: or without 
a metaphor, *alicujus libidini ministrum 
adjutoremque se praebere; alicujus 
libidini inservire, : 
pandering (subs.): lénécinium (the 
trade of a procurer): Suet.: Dig. 
pandit, pundit: (*homo) Brach- 
Mannicarum literarum peritus; litte- 
rator s. grammaticus Brachmannicus. 
pane: i.e. of glass: *quadra vitrea: 
Vv. SQUARE. 
panegyric: 1, laudatio: the act 
of praising (Vv. EULOGY); and esp. a 
eulogy delivered at a funeral, a funeral 
oration: Cic. Sen. 4, 12: Quint. pe 
pa&négyricus (a eulogistic speech deli- 
vered on a grand occuston): Quint. 2, 
10. Ir: Plin. min. (title of oration) : 
Cic. (who uses the word simply as title 
of the famous oration of Isocrates). 
8, in less exact sense, laus, laudes: 
Vv. PRAISE. Phr.: to pronounce a p. 
upon any one, (magnifice) aliquem lau- 
dare, Cic. Br. 13, init.: this was more 
than the most laboured p., *majus hoc fuit 
insigniusque laudibus accuratissimis, 
panes yrist: 1, panégyrista, ae, m. 
(rare) : oid. , in gen. sense, laudatur, 
f. -trix (one who praises): Cic.: Hor. 
Also specially, one who delivers a /u- 
meral oration: Liv. 2, 47, fim.: Viin. 
min. 3, praedicator (one who pub- 
licly proclaims) : Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 2: Cie. 
4. buccinator (trumpeter): Cic. fil. 


in Cic. Fam. 16, 21. < 
panel (subs.) : |. Of a door : tym- 
panum: Vitr. 4, 6, ad fin. i. a 
wall or ceiling: 1, tabula(?): ef. Cic. 
Verr. 4, 55, 122, pugna equestris Aga- 
thoclis regis in tabulis picta, i. e. (appa- 
rently) painted on p.s: see the place. 
9. lacinar, aris, n.: also in pl. of 2nd 
decl. (collect. a ceiling wrought with p.s 
of an ornamental nature): he vas the 


first to paint the p.s of ceilings, primus 


lacunaria pinxit, Plin. 35, 11, 40 § 124: 
Vitr. In same sense, laquear, aris, 7. : 
Virg. Aen. 1, 726; Plin. 

panel (v.): laciino, 1 (rare): Ov. M. 
8, 563: v. foll. art. 

paneled: laqueatus: Cic. Verr. 1, 51, 
init.: Suet. A p. ceiling, lactnar, 1a- 
quear, Aris, 2.: V. PANEL, subs. (1I.). 

pang: Phr.: to be regardless of 
bodily p.s, dolorum stimulos contemnere, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 66: to inflict a p., sti- 
mulos (sc. doloris) adhibere, Lucr. 3, 
1032; s. admovere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 
35: when the ps were fiercest, quum 
quasi faces ei dolorum admoverentur, ib. 
2, 25, fin. Specially, the p.s of child- 
birth: dolores: the labour p.s are just 
beginning, modo d. occipiunt (incip.) 
primulum, Ter. Ad. 3, 1,2: they abate, 
d. remittunt (quippiam), id. Hec. 3, 2, 
14. See also PAIN. 

panic (adj.): *panicus: v. foll. art. 

panic (subs.) : |. Sudden fear: 

1, *panicus (qui dicitur) terror: v. 

Forcell. s. v. (Cic. writes the adj. as Gk.: 
scis enim dici quaedam raycxa, dici item 
Ta Keva TOV TOAEKOD, i.e. empty panics: 


PANICSTRUCK 


PARADE 


PARALYSIS 





the Greeks ascribing such to Pan: so 
Hyg. Astr. 2, 28, [objecitj hostibus ter- 
Torem qui mavixos appellatur) - Wyttenb. 
in Kr. 2. pure Lat. pavor: cause- 
less p. seized the army of Alexander, 
Alexandri exercitum p. cujus causa non 
suberat, invasit, Curt. 4, 12, med.: they 
were all seized with such a p., tantus 
terror p.que omues occupavil, Liv. 24, 
40, med. : more strongly, velut lympua- 
ticus p., id. 10, 28, med.: (a remedy) 
against p., contra formidines terruresque, 
Plin. 28, 8, 29. 3, terror (any serious 
alarm): such a sudden p. wus caused, 
tantus repente t. invasit, Caes. B. C. 1, 
14, init.: so, tantus terror incidit exer- 
citui, ib. 3, 13: cf. supr. (1): v. ALARM, 
TEKROR. Phr.: they caused a p. in the 
Roman army by their extraordinary 
appearance, militem Romanum insueta 
turbaverunt specie, Liv. 7, 17, init. See 
also foll. art. I]. A kind of gram: 
panicum: Caes. B. C. 2, 22: Plin. 

panicstruck : pavidus: Tuc. A. 2, 
23: Liv. be p. pavere: Sall. Jug. 
106. Comp. also Liv. 7, 17, init., velut 
lymphati et attoniti (as if bereft of 
reason, totally p.), munimentis suis 
trepido agmine inciderunt. 

pannier;: in pl, clitellae, arum (load- 
ing both sides of the Least): Phaedr. 1, 
15, 8: Hor. See ulso BASKET. 

panoply: zavorAca quam Graeci 
dicunt. See also ARMOUR. 

panorama: Phr.: the panorama is 
very extensive, *undique longissime eculi 
conspectum ‘erunt, cf. Liv. 1,18, ad jin. ; 
*undique prospectus latissime patet: v. 
PROSPECT, VIEW. (N.B.—By no means 
panorama, which is without authority 
in Gk. 

pansy: *viola tricolor, Linn. (R. A.) 

pant (».): |. Lit.: anhélo, 1: to 
sweat and p., sudare atque a., Col. 3, 2: 
to p. under the (weight of the) share, sub 
vomere a., Ov. F. 2, 295: Cic. See also 
TO PALPITATE. I]. Fig.: perb. ges- 
tio, 4 (to desire eagerly, so as not to be 
able to control oneself ) : I p. to leave the 
side of the rich, divitum partes linquere 
gestio, Hor. Od. 3, 16, 24: Cic. To p. 
after, perh. sitire, concupiscere: v. TO 
LONG AFTER, THIRST FOR. (Anhelo is 
not used fig.) v. PANTING. 

pantaloon: perh. *mimus quem 
Italici paritalonem appellant. 

pantheism: *pantheismus: as phil. 
t.t. Or by circuml., *ratio eorum qui 
Mundum s. universam rerum naturam 
Deum esse contendunt: ratio eorum 
qui omnem vim divinam in universa 
natura silam esse censent, Kr. (e Cic.). 

pantheist : *pantheista, as phil. ¢. ¢. 
(Verh. better, *qui ratiouem pantheisti- 
cam tuetur; qui Deum non alium esse 
contendit quam rerum naturam.) 

pantheistic: *pantheisticus : 
phil. ¢. t. 

panther: panthéra: Cic. Fam. 2, 
Xp 2 


as 


panting (adj): |. 


Virg. G. 1, 250: Ov. So, cursus a., p. 
course, Ov. M. II, 347. 2. anhélans, 
ntis poet. in Cic. N. D. 2, 44. Il. 
Quivering with life: trémens, palpitans : 
¥. QUIVERING. 

panting (suts.): 1, anbélitus, iis: 
to cuuse p., anhelitus movere, Cic. Off. 1, 


Breathing 


36, 131: Hor. Q. anhelatio: Plin. 
9,756. — 
antingly: expr. by part.: to 


PANT. 

pantomime: mimus (a mimic play, 
or farce): toact(ina) p., mimum agere, 
Suet. Caes. 39: Cic.: Ov. (Pantomimus, 
rare: Plin. 7, 53, 54-) 

pantomimist: _ 1. mimus (actor 
in a mime or farce): Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 


jin. 2. pantémimus: Suet. Aug. 45, 
jin. : Marr. 
pantry : 1. cella pénaria: Cic. 


Verr. 2, 2, 2, fin.: Ulp. Dig. 33.9, 3 § 8 
(cella denoting a store-room for provi- 


sions or produce generally: whence, 
cella vinaria, olearia,etc.). 2, promptu- 
|arium: Apul. M. 1, p. 17 Also cella 
| promptuaria, id. (Armarium promptu- 
/arium, Cato R. KR. 11, appears to be a 
store-chest or cupboard: panarium, Plin. 
| Ep. 1, 6, 3 = bi ead-basket.) 

pap: |. Nipple, breast: papilla, 
mamilla: v. NIPPLE. Il. Infants’ 
foot: puls, pultis: Varr. L. L. 5, 22, 
105 (Cic. Kiet Por iae rather than 
pup; being acc. to Varr. 1. c. the original 
Sure of Italy, prior to bread: more pre- 
cisely expr. Eng. by circuml., *panis 
aqua fervida mollitus s. maceratus.) 

Papa: paler: v. FATHER, 

papacy: *papatus, ais: M. L. 

papal: 1, pontificius: p. indul- 
gences, p. indulgentiae: Erasm. Coll. ii. 
276. 
PONTIFICAL.) 

paper (subs.): |. Material for 
writing: charta, ae, f.: fine, smooth p. 
(Jor urviting om), ch, dentata, Cic. Q. Fr. 
2, 15,6: to make p. out of papyrus, c. 
ex papyro praeparare, Plin. 13, 12, 23: 
common or fine p., c. plebeia, principatis, 
ib.: vough p. jor shopkeeping purposes, 
c. emporitica, ib. : letter p., c. epistolaris, 
Mart. 14, 10, lem. (Strictly, p. made 
From the papyrus ; but applicable to any 
ordinary material for writing on.) 
Dimin. charvila, a piece of p.: Cic. Fam. 
7, 18, med. Asheet of p., scida (scheda) : 





EERE SS Oe ee ee a 
Lo} 
fs) 
1 


Plin. 13, 12, 24. Cic. Att. 1, 20, fin. 
(Papyrus only tor the plant, in prose.) 

I]. Any document : 1, charta 
(meton., as in Eng.): Cic. Coel. 17, 40 
(chartae =scripta, libri): Mart. os 
libellus (including even a single sheet, 
complete im itself ): Vv. BOOK, TREATISE, 
BILL (1.). Also liber (cf. Hor. S. 1, 10, 
63, capsis librisque ambustus, burnt 
with his desk, papers and all), and in pl., 
scripta, orum: Vv. WRITINGS. | f|, Yews- 


paper: acta (diurna): v. JOURNAL, 
NEWSPAPER. 
paper (adj.): 1, chartaceus (made 


S252. 2. chartarius (relating to 
paper): p. factories, officinae c., Plin. 
18, 10, 19 § 8y. 3, charteus (made of 
paper): p. goods (books), c. supellex, 
Aus. Ep. 10, 40. 

paper Kor *charta vestio, 4: v. TO 
HANG (A. IV.). 

— maker: chartarius (maker or 
dealer): Diom. 
making: (chartae) confectira 
(confectio): Plin. 13, 12, 23. 

— manufactory : (chartae) offi- 
cina: Plin. 13, 12, 23. 

—— money: *syngraphae publicae. 

papist: *papatus fautor, studiosus; 
papista quem nostrates appellant. 

pa istical: papisticus, 
modum dicunt. 

papyrus: papyrus, i, f.; papyrum, 
i,n.: Mart. 10, 97 (papyrus f.): Lucan : 
Juv.: Plin. 13, 11, 22 (papyrum). J/ade 
of p. papyraceus: Plin.: belonging to 
p., papyrius, Aus.: yielding or producing 
the p., papyrifer (e. g.amnis), Ov. M. 15, 
153- 





at p., par, paris: v. 
EQUAL. 


parable: parabdla; also -é, -és: 
Quint. 8, 3, 77 (= comparison, analogy): 
he spoke many things to them in p.s, 
locutus est eis multa in parabolis, Vulg. 
Matt. xiii. 3. See also FIGURE (II1.), 
SIMILE. ‘ 

parabolical: Phr.: ina p. man- 
ner, paravolically, *per similitudines; 
parabola adhibita; per translationem; 
V. FIGURATIVE; PARABLE. (1’arabolice, 
adv., Sid. 

ee paraclétus: Vulg. Job. 
xiv. 16. 

parade (subs.). : |. Military evo- 
lutions: décursus, décursio: v. E\OLU- 
Tion. |], Display: 1, apparatus, Os 
Hor. Od. 1, 38, 1 (pl.): cf. Cic. Off. 1, 8, 
25, delectant etiam magnifict apparatus 
vitaeque cultus cum elegantia et copia 
(i.e, grand outuard display of furni- 
ture, equipages, «€c.). 2. ambitio, 
pompa: y, OSTENTATION, POMP. 


of paper): p. books, c. codices, Ulp. Dig. | 


quemad- | 








parade (v.): A, lrans.: |. To 
put troops through evolutions: expr. by 
décurro, 3 (to go through evolutions): he 
pd the troops in the open square, *milites 
in area decurrere imperavit, jussit: v. 
EVOLUTION. |], Jodisplay: *ostenio, 
I: V.TODISPLAY. B, Intrans.: togo 
through evolutions: décurro, 3: Livy. 25 
17: lac. To p. (in) the streets, *pet 
vias (Vvicos) magnifice incedere, 

paradigm: paradigma, Atis, n.: 
Charis.: M. L. 

paradise : paridisus, i, m.: Vulg. 
Gen.ii. 8: Aug. Birds of p., *paradiséa, 
orum: Linn. 

paradisiacal : piradisiicus (late): 
Venant.: Alcim. (bot 6th cent.), 

paradox: qu:d contra opinionem 


| omnium est: Cic. Par. prooem.§ 4 (quae 
2. *papalis,-e: M. L. (See also | 


quia sunt admirabilia contiaque opini- 
onem omnium, ab ipsis cliam mrapabose 
appellantur): the pl. paraduxa, orum, 
may be elegantly used as phil ¢. ¢. (ef. 
title of Cic.’s work, Paradoxa ad Bru- 
tum): not the sing., which may be 
expr. as given above, or by Gk. rapa 
dofav, tapadotor. 
paradoxical: see _ preced. 
Phr.: to be given to making p. state- 
ments, *quae minus veri similia atque 
etiam inter se repuguautia videntur 
dictitare. 
paragon: spécimen, inis, n.: a p. of 
temperance and sagacity, temperantiae 
prudentiaeque s., Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32. 
See also MODEL. 
paragraph: |, A definite division 
in writing. , caput, itis, n. (a 
clause, division of a law, etc.): Cic. Agr. 
2,6, 15. (Eng. chapter.) 9. *sectio: 
V. SECTION. 3. *péridcha (Gk. ze- 
ptoxy) : = sectio minor (Schleusner, Lex. 
Ss. V.): esp. a p. of the Scriptures (the 
longer p., sectio major, being called peri- 
copa, Gk. meptxomm): ef. Cic. Att. 13, 25, 
extr. (N.B.—Paragrapbus is the name 
of a mark used in writing to denote sub- 
divisions of a subject, Isid. 1, 20, 8. 
|]. In looser sense, perh. pagina: ct. 
Cic. Att. 6, 2, init., respondebo primum 
postremae tuae paginae, i.e. (appy.), the 
last p. of your letter: so, id. Fam. 16, 4. 
parallax: “*parallaxis, is, 7. (Gr 
mapaAAaéts): scient. t. ¢. ; 
parallel (adj.): |. Of lines: pa- 
rallélus, a, um or -os -on: to draw a p. 
line, lineam parallelon designare, Vitr. 
5,7(8),1: Plin. Phr.: ina direct on 
p. to the river Danube, recta flun inis 
Danubii regione, Caes. B. G. 6, 25 (the 
word recta however indicates that the 
line is a straight not a winding one: v. 
Long, a. 1.): to run p. to each other (as 
mountain-ranges), aequo inter se per- 
petnoque tractu_ procurrere, Weber 
(Kr.). Il. Fig. corresponding : 
Phr.: p. passages, *loci consimiles ac 
pares; quorum alter alteri pariter re- 
spondet ; loci paralleli, qui dicuntur (ef. 
the Lat. title of Plutarch’s work, Vitae 
parallelae). 
parallel (adv.): 
parallel (v.): 


art. 


v. preced. art. 
|. Yo compare : 


contendo, comparo: v. TO COMPARE, 
Il. To find something equal : gy 
by par, paris, with a verb; cf. Hor. Od. 
1, 24, 8, cui... ., Veritas quando ullum 
inveniet parem: V. EQUAL; TO MATCH. 
parallel (subs.) : |. In geometrical 
sense: linea parallélos: V. PARALLEL 
(adj.). P.s of latitude, (cireuli) pa- 
ralleli: Plin. 6, 34, 39 § 212. Il. 


Something which corresponds to some- 
thing else: par, paris: V. EQUAL; 
MATCH. Il]. A comparison: con- 
tentio: Vv. COMPARISON. 3 

parallelism: v. PARALLEL (adj.). 

parallelogram : figura s. forma pa- 
raliélogramma: cf. Front. de Col., Goes. 
p. 130: for different kinds of ps, as, 
quadrilatera altera parte longior, rhom- 
bus, rhomboides, cf. ib. p. 35. ; 

paralogism : *paraldgismus : phil. 
t.t 


paralysis: |. Thedisease: 1, 
paralysis, is, f.: (GK. tapadvers): Plin 
20, 3,8: Petr. 2, pure Lat. nervorum 
résdlitio: Cels. 2, 1, med. (r. nervorum~ 

535 


PARALYTIC 


PARDON 


PARENTHETICALLY 








wapdAvow Graeci nominant): id. 2, 8. 
3, débilitas: he was attacked by a 
sudden stroke of p.. ingens vis morbi 
adorta est (eum) subita d., Liv. 2, 36, 
med. Or expr. by corresponding verb: 
whatever part of the body p. affects, qua- 
cunque parte corporis membrum aliquod 
resolutum est, id. 2, 8. ll. Fig. 
stupor and inability to act: torpedo, 
inis, f. (rare): such a p. had seized Vi- 
tellius s mind, tanta t. invaserat Vitellii 
animum, Tac. H. 3, 63. 
paralytic; paralyticus (suffering 
from paralysis): Plin. 20, 9, 34- See 
‘also PARALYSE, PARALysIS. For the 
expr. p. stroke, see preced. art. 
paralyse : |. With ref. to the 
malady paralysis : 1, expr. by re- 
solvor, solitus, 3: persons whose whole 
limbs ave severely p.d, qui per omnia 
membra vehementer resoluti sunt, Cels. 
3, 29,1: see PARALYSIS (jin.). 9. less 
precisely, expr. by débilis, captus (dts- 
abled, deprived of the use of any part of 
the body): crippled and p.d in every 
limb, mancus et membris omnibus captus 
ac debilis, Cic. Rab. perd. 7, 21: Liv. 
Il. Of the effect of fear or other 


emotion: expr. by torpeo, 2; icepf. | 


torpesco, torpui, 3 (to be, become p.d): I 
am afraid; 1 am all p.d, timeo, totus 
torpeo, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 182: my tongue 


was p.d under the grasp of chill fear, | 


torpuerat gelido lingua retenta metu, 
Ov. H. 11, 82: Liv. So adj. torpidus 
(= torpens) : cf. Liv. 22, 53, med. ; quod 
malum...quum sfupore ac miraculo 
torpidos defixisset, i.e. had perfectly p.d 
their minds. Phr.: to p. the mind 
with fear, animos affligere et debilitare 


metu, Cic. Tuse. 4,15, 34: the whole city | 


was p.d with fear, timore perculsa (est) 
tota civitas, Cic. (?) ad Br. 1, 3: v. TO 
pIsMAY. See also f0 BENUMB, STUPEFY. 


Ill. Fig. to deprive of strength or | 
power of action: 1, debilito,1: the con- | 


quered are p.d and disheartened, victi 
debilitantur animosque demittunt, Cic. 
Fin. 5, 15, 42: 10 member of the com- 
monwealth that is not shattered or p.d, 
nullum membrum reipublicae, quod 
non fractum debilitatumve sit, Cic. Fam, 
5, 13, med.: V. TO ENFEEBLE. 2, affil- 
go, xi, ctum, 3 (to beat down with a 
crushing blow): Cic.: Vv. TO PROSTRATE. 
Join: affligere et debilitare [metu}, 
Cic. Tuse. 4, 15, 34. 3, percello, cili, 
culsum, 3 (to strike with dismay), Cic.: 
Tac. 

paramount: 
quior, antiquissimus: he declared that 
he should ever regard the cause of the 
courts as p., antiquissimam se habiturum 
causam judiciorum dixit, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 
ad fin.: cf. Vell. 2, 52, neque prius neque 
antiquius quicquam habuit: his p. con- 
cern was, ei antiquissima cura fuit, Cic. 
Att. Io, 8. 2. expr. by potior, us 
(preferable; taking precedence of): he 
had always made the public interest p. 
over private necessities, semper se reip. 
commoda privatis necessitatibus potiora 
habuisse, Caes. B. C. 1, 8. See also PRE- 
CEDENCE 3 TO OUTWEIGH. 3, Summus: 
vy. SUPREME. 

paramour: |. Of the male sex: 
moechus, adulter, éri: v. ADULTERER. 


Also (as a milder term), amator, Cic. | 


Coel. 20, 49. Il. Female: méretrix, 
pellex : v. mistress (IIL). 

parapet: pliteus: the p.s of the 
towers, plutei turrium, Caes. B. C. 7, 25 
(these were wooden breastworks ; not of 
stone like the towers themselves) : ib. 41 
(p. vallo addere: see Long’s Caesar, 
B. 349-)- iN 

paraphernalia: i.e. needless trap- 
pings: apparatus, is: Hor. Od. 1, 38, 1 
(pl.). 

paraphrase (v.): Phr.: to turn a 
passage of poetry into prose and p. it, 
versus tollere; mox mutatis verbis in- 
terpretari, tum paraphrast audacius 
vertere, Quint. 1, 9, 2. 

paraphrase (subs.) : 1, para- 
phrasis, i. f.: Quint.1,9,2. 2, expr. 
by interprétor, interprétatio (gen. term) : 
‘vith some ‘Walifying words: fe give a 

535 


1, expr. by anti- | 


p. rather than a verbal translation, non 
verbum e verbo exprimere, sed laxius 
liberiusque interpretari, cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 4, 
15: comp. preced. art. (Circuitus, cir- 
cuitio, ambitus verborum [R. and A.] 
= circumlocution, not paraphrase: ct. 
Cic. 1. c.: Suet. Tib. 71.) 

paraphrast: piraphrastes, ae, m.: 
Hier. 

parasang: parasanga, ae, m. (Gr. 
mapacayyns): Plin. 

parasite: |. Adiner out (ancient) : 
pardsitus: hard-eating p.s, edaces p., 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1,173: Cic. Fem. parasita: 
Hor. S. 1, 2, 98. A petty p., parasitaster, 
Ter. Ad. 5,2, 4. Relating to p.s, of ps, 
parasiticus, Pl.; Suet.: to play the p., 
parasitari, Pl. Il. A hanger on, syco- 
phant: assecla (asséciila, Juv. 9, 48): 
Cic. Div. 2, 37, 79. Join: assentatores 
atque asseclae, Cic. fr. (Auct. Decl in 
Sall. has, omnium mensarum assecla 
[ejus], his perpetual p., in sense of para- 
Situs: ch. 8, § 22.) See also FLATTERER, 
DEPENDENT. II]. An insect nourished 
from another: *animalculum para- 
siticum. 

parasitic |? v parasire. 

parasitical { 

parasol: 1, umbella: a green p., 
u. viridis, Juv. 9, 50: Mart. 14, 28, lem. 

9. umbracilum (a sun-screen of 

any Icind): Ov. F. 2, 3113 cf. Mart. 1. c. 
| parboil: subcoquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
cook partially, by roasting or boiling) : 
Mare. Emp. Phr.: to p. cabbage, bras- 
sicam [aqua ferventi] coquere paullis- 
per, uti subcruda siet, Cato R. R. 156. 

parboiled ; subcriidus (suce.): v. 
preced. art. Or perh. subelixatus: after 
anal. of snbasso, subassatus (Apic.) : 
semicoctus, half-cooked, whether by roast- 
ing or boiling: Plin.: Col. 

parcel (subs.): |, A portion, quan- 
tity: pars: V. PORTION, PLOT. i. 4 
small packet or bundle: fasciciilus: v. 
PACKET. Ill. A member of persons ; 
contemptuously: v Pack (IIL.). 

parcel out: partio, partior, 4: to p. 





partiri limite campum, Virg. G. 1, 126: 
Sall.: Cic.: v. TO DIVIDE, DISTRIBUTE. 


parch: |. To burn the surface of | 


anything; to scorch: ], frigo, xi, 
| ctum, 3: to dry and p. barley, hordeum 
| siccare ac f., Plin. 18, 7, 14: p.’d wheat, 
triticum frictum, Warr. R: R. 2, 4, jin. 
Il. To 
1, torreo, rrui, 
stum, 2: to be p.’d (or scorched) by the 
heat of the sun, solis ardore torreri, Cic. 
Rep. 6, 20: cf. arenti torrere arva siti, 
Tib. 1, 4, 42. Of the action of fever: 
Juv. 9, 17. 9. tro, ussi, stum, 3: to 
| be either stiffened with cold or p.’d with 
| heat, aut irigore rigere aut calore uri, 
| Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69: Ov.: a crop of flax 
p.’s the soil, u. campum lini seges, Virg. 
Grea yey 3. aréfacio, 3 (v. rare): v. 
TO DRY. See also foll. art. 

parched (part. adj.) : 1, torridus 
(burnt up): plains p. with drought, t. 
siccitate campi, Liv. 22, 43, fin. : Lucan: 
Sil. 9, aridus (dry ; less strong than 
preced.): p. Africa, a. Libye, Ov. M. 2, 


9. torreo, 2: v. TO ROAST. 
| dry up to extremity: 


| Plin. 2, 65, 66. So, arens, ntis (strictly 
part. of areo, to be dry or parched): he 
slakes with springs the p. sol, scatebris 
arentia temperat arva, Virg. G. I, 110: 
Ov. 3, exustus: Virg. G. 1, 107 (ex. 
ager). 4, sitiens, ntis (poet.): v.- 
THIRSTY. 

parchment: membrana: to write 
on p., in m. scribere, Cic. in Plin. 7, 21, 
21: Hor. Dimin. membranula (@ sheet 
of p): Cic. Att. 4, 4. Made of p., parch- 
ment-, membraneus : @ p. note-book, pu- 
gillares membranei, Mart. 14, 7, lem. 

—— maker: membranarius: Gloss. 

pardon (subs.): vénia (indulgence, 
grace): to beg p. of any one, v. ab aliquo 
petere, Liv. 38, 49, extr.* Cic.: ef. Liv. 
3, 7, extr., v. irarum coelestium ex- 
poscere : to obtain not acquittal for a 
Fault, but p. for an error, non libera- 
tionem culpae sed errati v. impetrare, 
Cic. Lig. 1, 1: to grant p. and accept an 





out the open plain by boundary lines, | 


238: Hor. Join: [terra] arida et sicca, | 


apology, v. dare excusationemque ac- 
cipere, Caes. B G.6,4. Phr.: to grant 
p. for an offence, alicui delicti gratiam 
facere, Sall. Jug. 104, extr.; delicto 
ignoscere : v. foll, art. 
pardon (.): . ignosco, novi, 
notum, 3 (to overlook; show indulgence 
to: usu. with dat.): v. TO FORGIVE 
2. condodno, 1 (formally to remit, 
as a debt: with acc, of offence and dat. 
of person): to p. any one’s offence on 
account uf eminent services, crimen ali- 
cui propter praeclara merita ¢,, Cic. Mil. 
2, jin. Sometimes with dat. of a person 
out of regard for whom forgiveness is 
extended: he p.’d the past out of consi- 
deration for Divitiacus, praeterita se 
Divitiaco condonare [dicit], Caes. B. G. 
I, 20: Cic.: in same sense less freq., 
dono, 1: to p. the father for the sake of 
the son, patrem filio donare, Just. 32, 2, 
med,: Liv. : Ov. 8, concédo, 3: v. 
TO FORGIVE. Also expr. by veniam dare, 
less freq. donare (Suet.); gratiam facere; 
etc.: V. PARDON (subs.). 
pardonable: cui (culpae) venia pro- 
ponitur; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 2, jfin.; cut 
ignoscas ; cujus veniam dari aequum 
est, etc.: V. EXCUSABLE. 
pardonably: ita ut (jure merito) 
ignoscas: v. TO FORGIVE. 
pardoner: |. One who forgives: 
qui veniam dat, etce.: v. TO PARDON. 
Il. One carrying ecclesiastical in- 
dulgences : *qui indulgentias pontificias 
| dispensat, venditat. 
pare: 1, circumcido, di, sum, 3 
(to cut away all round): to p. off the 
bark (of a tree), corticem c., Col. Arb. 
26, fin.: carefully to p. the nails, ungues 
| diligenter c., Cels. 7, 26,2. 2, cireum- 
séco, ui, ctum, 3: to p. the natts (com- 
| pletely), ungulas c., Col. 6, 6, med. (as in 
former case, for a delicate operation). 
Phr.: top. the nails (in common sense), 
ungues ponere, Hor. A. P. 297; deponere, 
Petr. 104, extr.; resecare, Plin. 28, 2, 
5. § 28; subsecare, Ov. F. 6, 230; prae- 
| secare, Hor. A. P. 294. See also Tu PEEL, 
paregoric : *medicamentum pire- 
goricum. 
parent: |, Lit.: 1. parens, 
ntis, c.: affection between children and 
their p.s, quae (caritas) est inter natos 
et parentes, Cic. Am. 8, 27. to stand in 
the relation of a parent to any one, 
alicui in loco parentis esse, id. Pl. 11, 
jin. 2, génitor, /. -trix: v. FATHER, 
MOTHER. |, Fig. : source from which 
anything originates: mater, parens, 
génitrix, procreatrix: v. MOTHER (1L.). 
parentage: 1. génus. stirps: v. 
| LINEAGE, DESCENT (II.). 2. expr. by 
| pater, majores, piirens, ete. : ef unknown 
| p. on the father’s side, and servile on the 
mother’s, patre nullo, matre serva, Liv. 
4, 3, med.: Hor. S. 1, 6, 45 (libertino 
| patre natus): to trace one’s p. to any 
| one, Majores suos ad aliquem referre, 
| Just. 38, 7, init.: of good p., bonis 
(honestis) parentibus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 
| 58: of obscure p., obscuris ortus ma- 
| joribus, id. Off. 1, 32, 1163; humili 
'atque obscuro loco natus, id. Verr. 5 
| JO, 181.° 
parental: |, Proper toa parent: 
_expr. by parens: p. affection, *caritas 
quae solet parentum erga natos (liberos) 
esse: p. duties, *parentis (parentum) 
officia: v. PARENT. |], Belonging to 
| one’s father or parents: paternus, pa- 
trius: V. PATERNAL. 
parentally ; *tanquam parens, pa- 
rentum ritu: v. PARENT. 
parenthesis: interpositio vel inter- 
clusio [Graeci rapévOcow, TapeuTTmow 
vocant]: Quint. 9, 3, 23. Also, inter- 
jectio, id. 8, 2, 15. (N.B.—For perspi- 
cuity, in grammatical lang., parenthesis 
is used as Lat.) 
parenthetical: Phr.: @ p. re 
mark, sensus qui medius intervenit ora- 
tionis continuationi, cf. Quint. 9, 3, 23. 
to make a p. explanation, mwnedio ser- 
moni aliquem inserere sensum, id. 8, 2 








15: or in gram. lang., *per parenthesip 
aliquid interponere, interjicere. 
parenthetically : see preced. art. 


—— 


y 
y 








PARHELION 


PART 





parhelion: imago sOlis; parélion : 
V. MOCK-SUN. 

pariah: *infimi s. sordidissimi or- 
dinis homo. : 

parietar” ‘subs.): (herba) parie- 
taria: Apul. Herb. 

parings: praesegmina, um, . : 
nail-p., unguium pr., Pl Aul. 2, 4, 33- 
Also unguium resegmina, Plin. 28, 1, 
29 5. 

Beh: piroecia (Gk, mapockia) ; 
corrupted, pirdchia: Sid.: Hier. (Ihe 
latter form is best suited to denote the 
English more limited sense.) 

arish-clerk: ‘*praecentor pa- 
rochialis (?). 

—- church: “aedes sacra paro- 
chialis. 

—— priest: *pardchus: M. L. (cf. 
Forcell. s. v., “ hine parochi in Ecclesia 
nune dicuntur qui curam animarum 
suscipiunt et fidelibus necessaria ad 
salutem suppeditant.’’). Or use presby- 
ter, sacrorum antistes ; V. PRIEST. 

parishioner : *purochianus: Du C. 

parity: Phr.: byap. of reasoning, 
*pari ratione, consimili argumento, 

park: |. Enclosed ground : 1. 
paradisus (Gk. rapadecoos’ game-park): 
Gell. 2, 20: pure Lat. vivarium (pre- 
serves). 2. horti, oram (pleasure- 
grounds): Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 3. (This latter 
the more suitable word to denote @ park 
appropriated to pleasure and recreation.) 

3. viridarium (an ornamental gar- 
den, planted with handsome trees): Cic. 
Att. 2, 3: Suet.: Lampr (From Lampr. 
Eleg. 23, dom@s viridarium; and Ulp. 
Nig. 7, 1, 13, where it is noted as natu- 
raliy forming part of house premises, 
the viridarium may be inferred to have 
been ordinarily in the inner quadrangle 
of a@ house.) |]. Of artillery: use tor- 
menta, orum: Vv. ARTILLERY. 

parlance: Phr.: common p., *usus 
loquendi quotidianus; usitatus sermio. 

parley (v.): colléquor, loctitus, 3 (to 
hold conference) : Caes. : Cic. 

parley (subs.): colloquium: v. CON- 
FERENCE. 

parliament: *parlamentum: that 
a p. should be held twice a year at 
London, ut singulis annis p. bis Londini 
haberetur, Stat. in Milt. vi. 149: to dis- 
miss p., p. dimittere, Milt. ib.: to con- 
vene p., p. convocare, ib.: to dissolve p., 
p. dissolvere, ib. p. 150: members of p., 
parlamenti senatores, ib. p. 144 (h. é. 
nobiles et plebeii; proceres et plebeius 
ordo, ib. p. 144). More classically, sena- 
tus; concilium: v. SENATE. 

parliamentarian: expr. by *a par- 
lamento stare, esse. 

parliamentary : expr. by *parla- 
mentum: p. pr ings, *parlamenti 
acta: acquuinted with p. procedure, 
*parlamenti institutorum consuetudi- 
nisque peritus, gnarus: @ p. committee, 
*senatorum selectorum consilium. 

parlour: perh. diaeta (which how- 
ever usu. comprised @ suite of rooms : 
v. Gier. ad Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 12); conclave, 
is, 2. (any apartment): v. ROOM. 

parochial : *pardchidlis, e: 
(Necessary tor detiniteness.) 

parody (subs.): 1, *parodia (Gr. 
mapwota): Pseud-Ascon. (More elegant- 
ly written as Gk. - so Quint. 6, 3, 97, ficti 
notis versibus similes. quae mapwéca di- 
citur ) 2, expr. by circumL, *poetae 
versus ad aliud idque ridiculum argu- 
mentum detorti, Lichst. (in Kr.); *car- 
men ridiculi causa depravatum atque in 
aliam rem detortum, 

parody (v.): Phr.: to p. @ poem, 
*versus per ludum (jocum) immutare 
atque ad ridiculum quoddam argumen- 
tum detorguere. 

parole (subs.): fides, ti: to break p., 
f. hosti datam ‘allere, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39: 
v. FAITH (I1.). 

parole (v.): Phr.: he p.d the pri- 
soners, *captivos fide interposita dimisit 
(cf. Cues. B. Gr. 5, 6); *captivos dimisit, 
juraio. nihil se hostile incepturos. 

Paroxysm : accessus, Us; accessus 
atque impetus fdoloris}: v. Fit (L.). 
Cf faces dolorum, Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, fin. 


M. L. 


PART 





Phr.: the disease is attended with p.s | dat. = to take ({active] p.in: tu take p. 
of pain, magnos cruciatus habet mor- | in a battle, praclio int., Caes. B. G. 7, 87, 


bus, Sen. Ep. 78,6: the very p. of pain 
tends to bring itself to an end, ipsa 
summi doloris intentio invenit finem, cf. 
ib. § 7: to be seized with such a p. of 


anger, tantum irae concipere, Curt. 8, 1. | 


(Paroxysmus is with out authority, 
though used by some Lutinists.) 
parricidal ; usu. scélestus may suf- 
fice, the context defining it: v. GUILTY. 
parricide : |. The agent: 1, 
parricida (the murderer of any near re- 


lative; not merely of a father: see MA- 


TRICIDE, FRATRICIDE): Cic. Mil. 7, £7: 
Hor. 
reipublicae, Sall. Cat. 51): to denounce 
as an enemy and p., hostem atque p. 
vocare, Sall. Cat. 31: Tac. 9. patris 
(parentis) interfector, occisor (rare): v. 
MURDERER. Or expr. by verb: the p. 
shall be sewn up in a sack, qui patrem 
occiderit (mecaverit), culeo insuatur, 
Quint. 7, 8, 6. Il. The act: parrici- 
dium (with the same extent of meaning 
as parricida: v. supr.): Cic.: Suet. Or 
expr. by verb- to be guilty of p., patrem 
necavisse, occidisse: Vv. TO MURDER. 

parrot; psittacus: Ov. Am. 2, 6, I 
(p. imitatrix ales): Pers.: Plin. 

parry : 1, propulso, 1: to p. a 
blow, ictum a corpore p., cf. Cic. Mil. 11, 
30: Curt. 9, 4, fin. (clypeo incidentia 
tela p.). 9, délendo, di, sum, 3. Vv. 
TO WARD OFF. 8. perh. élido, si, 
sum, 3 (to get out of the way of and 
escape: hence needing some qualifica- 
tion to expr. present sense): he p.’d the 
blow with his stick, *baculo ictum pro- 
pulsando (arcendo) elnsit: Vv. TO ELUDE. 

parse: Phr.: to p. each word in a 
sentence, *singula vocabula (verba) no- 
tare proprietatesque describere. 

Parsees: *Zoroastréi qui hodie sunt, 
Parsaeique dicuntur. 

Parseeism : *Zoroastreorum religio 
$. Superstitio. 

parsimonious: parcus, sordidus (to 
meanness), etC.: V. NIGGARDLY, SPARING. 

parsimoniously : 1, parcé (a 
term of praise rather than the contrary: 
cf. Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106, vivere parce, con- 
tinenter, severe, sobrie): Vv. SPARINGLY, 
THRIFTILY.- 9. sordidé : v. MEANL& 
(ILL.), strNGILy. 

parsimony : 1, parsimonia (in 
good sense): Cic,: V. ECONOMY. O). 
sordes, ium, f.: Vv. MEANNESS. 

parsley: perh. apium (? wild p.): 
Hor. Od. 1, 36, 16 (vivax a.): Virg. G. 4, 
121 (virides apio ripae): Plin. 

parsnip : pastinaca: Plin. 19, 5, 27: 
(*p. sativa, Linn.). 

parson: *cléricus, *antistes sacro- 


rum, *rerum sacrarum minister. (Not 
persona ecclesiae.) 
parsonage: ‘*clerici parochialis 


aedes. 

part (subs.) : |. A portion : ib 
pars, partis, f.: to divide into two, 
three, p.s, in duas, tres p. dividere, 
Caes. B. G. init.: Sall.: the greater p. 
of the people, major p. populi, Cic. Agr. 
2, 9, init.: so, maxima p. (hominum), 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 121. (N.B.—In nom. and 
ace. sing., is freq. used the old form par- 
tim: p. of the Samnites had revolted to 
the Carthaginians, partim Samnitium 
defecisse ad Poenos, Liv. 23, If, jin.: 
esp. repeated, partim ... partim, one p. 
... another p.: Cic.: Liv.) 2, portio 
(late): Just.: Plin.: v. PORTION, SHARE. 
The middle, top, bottom p., may be expr. 
by medius, summus, imus: cf. Phaedr. 
2, 4, init, (where however, for summa 
quercus, we find sublimis quercus): v. 
MIDDLE, TOP, BOTTOM. Phr.: tn two, 
three, four, many p.s: (1). bifariam, 


trifariam, quadrifiriam, multifariam- | 


their year naturally divides itself into 


two p.s, natura divisus earum annus bi- | 


fariam, Varr. R. R. 2, 14, post med, : Cic.: 
to distribute into three or four _p.s, trifa- 
riam, quadrifariam dispertire, Suet. Vit. 
13: Liv. (2). bipartito, tripartito (usu. 
with ref. to military forces): V. DIVISION 


(VL). 


Often used of high trattors (p. | 








Il. Share, concern, interest : | 
1. expr. by intersum, ir. with | csunder, separate: 


extr.: Cic. Also sometimes iniervéulo 
4 (to interfere with; of one who might 
not have been expected to do 80): Paul. 
Dig. 4, 4, 24: V- TO INTERFERE. 3. 
expr. without p. (or lot) in, by expers, 
rtis (with gen.; less freq abl.): to have 
no p. tn military command or public 
counsel, esse expertem imperii, publicr 
consilii, Cic. Rep. 1, 31: opp. particeps, 
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22: V. DESTITUTE, See 
also TO PARTAKE, PARTAKER. Hb 
Character, as in a play; also in fig. 
sense : 1, persona: to act the p.of a 
sovereign, p. principis tueri, Cic. Phi- 
8, 10, 29; also, p. sustinere, id. Mus. 5, 
6; tenere, id. de Or. 3, 14, 54; gerere, id. 
Olf-are 32s 115): 2. partes, ium, f.=: 
to take the principal p. in a play, pri- 
mas p. agere, Ter. Ph. prol. 27: cf. 
partes tueri, Hor. A. P. 193: to bear the 
p. of accuser in a@ trial, (in) judicio p. 
accusatoris obtinere, Cic. Quint. 2, 8: to 
have a second or third (inferiur) p. as- 
signed to one, secundarum, tertiarum p. 
esse, Cic. Div. Verr. 15, 48. With pri- 
mae, secundae, partes is often under- 
stood: e.g. to play a second p., secundas 
ferre, Hor. S. 1, 9, 46. IV. Side, fac- 
tion: partes: v. PARTY. 0 take any 
one's p., alicui opem ferre, adesse, adju- 
torem se praebere: V. TO ASSIST. ; 
Duty, function : 1. officium: to do 
one’s p. (honestly), 0. satistacere, Cic. 
Div. Verr. 14, extr.: V. DUTY. 9. oft. 
expr. by gen. after esse; or by neut. of 
pron. adj. (L.G. § 266): it ts the p. of a 
youth to reverence his elders, adolescen- 
tis est majores natu vereri, Cic, Off. 1, 
34, 132: it is my, your, our, p., Meum, 
tuum, nostrum est, etc.: pass. Vi. 
Only in pl., parts =Jaculties, capacity : 
ingénium, etc.: Vv. NATURAL (VL). 

Vi. Also only in pl., parts = re- 
gions: loca, orum: the Gauls who in- 
habited these p.s, Galli qui ea |. inco- 
lerent, Caes. B. G. 2, 4: V. PLACE, 
REGION. Phr.: in, to, or from foreign 
ps, peregre: to travel into foreign p.s, 
p- proficisci, Suet. Caes. 42: Cic.: to live 
in foreign p.s, peregrinari, Cic, Arch. 7, 
16: in these ps, hic viciniae (Vv. NEIGH- 
BOURHOOD) : somewhere about these p.s, 
hic alicubi, Cic. Fl. 29, 71: Ter. Vill. 
In grammar, p. of speech: pars ora- 
tionis: Prisc.2,4$15. [X. MiscelL 
Phr.: (i). on the p. of : pro (with abl.): 
to argue anything on the p. of an ac- 
cused person, aliquid pre reo disputare, 
Cic. Sext. 2, init.: et pass. Sometimes 
ab (a) may serve: cf. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
s. v.(1V.). On the p. of, sometimes = 
by, denoting the agent: v. BY. (li). for 
my p., our p., etc.: (1). quidem; with 
I pers. sing. and (less freq.) pl.: I jor 
my p. wished to be called Caesar's sol- 
dier; you...., e. me Caesaris militem 
dici volui; vos .. ., Cues. B.C. 2, 32, fin. : 
we, for our p., have been for some time 


Jinding fault with you, e. nos jam dudum 


te incusamus, Ter. Pb. 3, 1, 7: Vv. IN- 
DEED. (2). ideo (implying emphasis) : 
and thou, on thy p., tuque adeo, Virg, 
G. 1, 24. (iii). for the most p.: maxi- 
mam partem (principally, chiesly: 
adverb. acc.); féré, fermé: v. MOSTLY, 
USUALLY. So also, in great p., magnam 
partem, magna ex parte: our conversa~- 
tion consists in great p. of tambics, 
Magnam p. ex iambis nostra constat 
oratio, Cic. Or. 56, 189: im great p. pre- 
vailed upon by their entreaties, magna 
ex p. eorum precibus adducius, Cues. B, 
G. 1, 16. See also PARTLY. (iv). im 
good or bad p.: to take anything in 
good or bad p., aliquid in bonam (ma- 
lam) partem accipere. Cic, Att. II, 7, 
extr.: aliquid boni (never mali) consul- 
ere, Quint. 1, 6, 32: Ov.: Cato in Gell. 
(v). from all p.s: undique: Caes.: Cic. 

part (v.): A, Trans: |, To open, 
cleave in two: 1, dimdveo, movi, mé- 
tum, 2 (to p. asunder): to p. the soil asun- 
der with the plough, terram d. aratro, 
Virg. G. 2, 513: Ov. 9. diffindo, 3: 
V. TO SPLIT, CLEAVE (A). Ij. To rend 
1, divello, velli, 

537 


PARTAKE 


PARTICULAR 


PA RDI TroON 





vulsum, 3: nor s#all Gyas, the hundred- 
handed, ever p. me from you. me nec 
centimanus Gyas divellet unquam, Hor. 
Od. 2, 13, 15. Join: nec divelli nec 
distrahi (posse), Cic. Fin. 1, 16, init. 
Q. distraho, xi, ctum, 3: necessity 

.S her from me, illam a me d. necessitas, 
er. Hec. 3, 5,42: cf. supr. 3, separo, 
I: Vv. TO SEPARATE. Il]. To divide, 
distribute: partivr (partio), dispertio: 
divido: v. TO DIVIDE, SHARE. B. 
Intrans.: |. Zo part from, quit: 
1, digrédior, gressus, 3: we p. in 
tears, digredimur flentes, Ov. H. 17 (18), 
117: [was afraid he vould not be able 
(bear) to p. from me, timebam ne a me 
d. non posset, Cic. Att 3, 9, med.: in 
this manner they p., ita utrique digre- 
diuntur, Sall. Jug. 22, extv. 2, discédo, 
ssi,ssum, 3: Vv. TODEPART, QUIT. Phr.: 
he from whom you had p.d with mutual 
tears, is quem flens flentem dimiseras, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, ad init.: not to be able 
to p. (tear oneself) from any one, ab 
aliquo distrahi non posse, ib. med. Il. 
To part asunder: 1, dissilio, ui, 4 
(suddenly): the blade p.d asunder with 
the blow, mucro dissiluit ictu, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 740: ef. ib. 3, 416 (where it is 
used of a convulsion of the earth's sur- 
face): Lucr.: Plin. 2. expr. by 
findo (diffindo), fidi, ssum, 3, as vefl. 
pass., or with pron. vefl.: Vv. TO SPLIT. 
8, déhisco, 3: v. TO GAPE OPEN. 

Ul. Yo part with: Phr.: to p. with 

a wife, uxori nuntium remittere or 
mittere (v. TO DivORE) comp. use of 


discedo, Coel in Cic. Fam. 8, 6, uxor a 
Dolabella discessit. 
partake: |. To be a sharer of: 


1, expr. by particeps, cipis: to p. 
of spoil and prizes (of war), praedae ac 
praemiorum p. esse, Cues. B. C. 3, 82: 
suffer us to p. of your wisdom, tac nos p. 
sapientiae tuae, Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 83. So 
by socius: Join: [fortunarum alicujus] 
socium participemque esse, Cic. Font. 17, 
37. (N.B.—Participo in this sense late 
and rare: v.TOSHARE.) Q, intersum, 
irr. (to take active purt in what is going 
on: with dat.): v. part (II.). That 
does not p. of, expers, rtis (with gen.; 
less freq. abl.) : the other animals do 
not p. of reason, cetera (animalia) ra- 
tionis exp sunt, Cic. Leg. 1 7, 22. 
To take some of, with ref. to fvod : 
simo, mpsi, mptum, 3 (gen. term): Nep 
Att. 21. 2. gusto, 1 (both trans. and 
intrans.): for two days I had p.n of 
nothing whatever, not even water, bi- 
duum ita jejunus fueram, ut ne aquam 
gustarem, Cic. Fam. 7, 26: to p. of a 
(slight) meal in a recumbent posture, 
cubantem gustare, id. Mur. 35, jin.: 
Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 11 (deinde gustabat, dor- 
miebatque minimum). Fig.: to p. of 
any pure pleasure, g. partem ullam 
liquidae voluptatis, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 58. 
v. TO TASTE. 

partaker : 1, particeps, cipis, 
adj.: (man) p. of reason and thought, 
p. rationis et cogitationis, Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 
22: Caes Join: socius particepsque, 
Cic. 2, sdcius: Vv. PARTNER. BE 
affinis, e (implicated wn): Vv. PARTY 
(VL.). To make any one p.in anything, 
participare: Cic. (v. TO SHARE): not a 
p. expers (Vv. TO PARTAKE, I.). 

parterre: fidralia, ium: v. FLOWER- 
GARDEN. 

parthenon: Parthénon, Onis, m.: 
Plin. 34, 8, 19 § 54. 

partial: |. #xtending only to a 
part or paits: expr. by Phr.: the coun- 
try suffered from u p. famine, *terrae 
partes nonnullae fame laborabant ; *fame 
laboratum est quibusdam in locis: 
though this involves a p. loss, quod etsi 
per partes (opp. in summa) damnosum 
est, Col 1,4: he obtained a p. success, 
*nponnulla ex parte bene res gessit (like 
omni ex parte, Cic. Am. 21, 79). Il. 
Not equitable, biassed : 1, ctpidus 
(under the influence of feeling 01 pas- 
sion): p. and vindictive witnesses, testes 
c. et irati, Cic. Font. 6, mmit.: p. judges, 
c. judices, Tac. Or. 31: cf. Cic. Caec. 3, 
8, cupidior quam sapientem judicem esse 

538 


Il. 
1 











aequum est. Q. alterius partis stu- 
diosior: Suet. Tib. 11. 3. iniquus: 
V. UNFAIR, UNJUST. Phr.: every one is 
a p. judge of his own discovery, suae 
quisque inventioni favet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 
13: the piebs had before been p. to the 
cause of the Carthaginians, plebs ante 
inclinatior ad Poenos fuerat, Liv. 23, .6, 
med.: the judge must above all avoid 
the suspicion of being p., *maxime om- 
nium cavere debet judex, ne in suspi- 
cionem alterius partis cupiditatis stu- 
diique suspicionem incidat. Sometimes 
used for FOND: q. Vv. 

partiality : ], stiidium : without 
vindictiveness or p., sine ira et. s., Tac. 
H. 1, 1, extr.: cf. Lucan 2, 377, studiis 
odiisque carens. (More fully, cupiditas 
ac studium, Liv. 24, 28, med. : cf. Cic. Fl 
10, 21, sine ullo studio dicere aut cum 
dissimulatione aliqua cupiditatis.) 2). 
cupiditas: v. supr. 3, iIniquitas 
(stronger than Eng.): v. UNFAIRNESS, 
INJUSTICE. Yo have a p. for, tavére: 
v.TO FAVOUR. Sometimes used for fond- 
ness, liking: q.v. 

partially: |. Im part: ex (ali- 
qua) parte, in parte: v. PARTLY. il. 
With partiality: cupidé (under the 
influence of passion): Cic. Fam. 16, 11, 
Jin. : Suet. Caes. 12 (tam cupide condem- 
navit, ut ad populum provecanti nihil 
aeque ac judicis acerbitas profuerit). Or 
expr. by circuml.. to pass no sentence p., 
*nihil ex cupiditate studioque partium 
judicare: v. PARTIALITY. 

participant: particeps: v. 
TAKER. 

participate: particeps sum, fio: v. 
TO PARTAKE, SHARE. 

participation: s0ciétas: p. with 
any one in all his designs, s. consiliorum 
omnium cum aliquo, Cic. Br. 1, 2: v. 
PARTNERSHIP. 

participator: particeps: v. PAR- 
TAKER. 

participial: participialis, e: Quint. 
I, 4, 29: Prisc. Also participalis: Varr. 

participle: participium: Quint. 1, 


PAR- 


, 19. 
particle: |, A minute portion: 
1, partictila: all the tiniest p.s (of 
food), omnes tenuissimae p., Cic. de Or. 2, 
39. 162: p. of the breath divine (the 
soul), divinae p. aurae, Hor. S. 2, 2, 79. 
2. mica: v. GRAIN (1.). 3. mo- 
mentum (strictly, gust enough to turn 
the scale: hence, a small quantity): 
Plin. 30, 10, 27. Phr.: primary p.s, 
corpora prima, primordia, Lucr. 1, pass. 
|]. In grammar: particila: Gell. 2, 
iy) BUS 
parti-coloured : 1, versicolor, 
Oris: Liv. 34,1: v. MOTLEY. Q, macii- 
losus (spotted; with patches of a dif- 


Serent colour) : ap. hide (black and blue), 


corium m., Pl. Bac. 3, 3, 30: Virg.: Plin.: 
V. SPOTTED. 3, discdlor, dris (rare in 
this sense): Plinu. 10, 2, 2 (d. aves, birds 
with variegated plumage). 4, varius: 
V. VARIEGATED. 
particular (adj.). |, Not general: 
1, proprius: v. PECULIAR. Q, particii- 
laris (late) p. propositions, propositiones 
p- (opp. universales), Apul. Dogm. Plat. 
3, p. 642: Cod. Just. (Needed for pre- 
cision in phil. and technical lang.) ll. 
Special, exceeding what is common: 
1, praecipuus: to treat with par- 
ticular respect, p. honore habere, Caes. 
B. G. 5, §2: Cic.: v. SPECIAL. a 
singtlaris, e (unique): Pompey ez- 
presses his p. thanks to you: Pompeius 
gratias tibi agit s., Cic. Fam. 13, 41. 
Ill. Very exact and punctilious : 
1, mOrosus (rare): more than or- 
dinarily p. in personal habits, circa 
curam corporis morosior, Suet. Cues. 45. 
2. expr. by uccuratus: in good sense, 
careful, studied ; hence for present sense 
requiring some qualification: to be over 
p. i one’s dress, cultu corporis nimis 
accurato esse, Gell. 1, 5. Excessively 
(painfully) p., may be expr. by odiosus: 
ef. Cic. Off. 1, 36, 130, adhibenda est 
munditia non odiosa neque exquisita 
nimis. Phr : to beover p.in guarding 
against defects, uimium [inquirere in se 


atque}] metuere ne vitiosum colligas, 
Cic. Br, 82, 283. IV. Detuiled: sub- 
tilis, e: (my) future letters will be more 
p., reliquae («pistolae) subtiliores erunt, 
Cic. Att. 5, 14, ext7.: cf. PARTICULARLY 
(1). V. Single: singili, ae, a: opp. 
to universi: Cic. N. ) 2, 65, 163. 
particular (subs.): 1, expr. by 
singili, ae, a: V. DETAIL. 2. by sub- 
tiliter (= in detail) of these matters I 
uill write fuller p.s another time, haec 
ad te scribam aliter subtilius, Cic. Att. 
I, {3,4: V. PARTICULAKLY. Phr.: to 
enter into full p.s, omnia exsequi, Liv. 
27, 27, fin.: to treat all the p.s of a 
subject more copiously, omnia copiosius 
ex., Quint. 9, 3, 89: so with persequi, 
Cic. Fam. 5, 13: Vv. TO RELATE. (N.B. 
—Sometimes res may serve: concerning 
this p., de hac una re: v. THING.). 
particularity: expr. by adj.: v. 
PARTICULAR. 
particularize : exséquor, perséquor, 
3 (to enter into particulars): v. PAR- 
TICULAR (subs.). 
particularly: |. Jn detail: sub- 
tiliter: why should I write to you p. of 
public affairs, de republica quid ego tibi 
s.? Cic. Att. 2, 21, imté.: Vv. PARTICU- 
LAR (subs.). To treat a subject p., omnia 
exsequi, copiose (fusius) prosequi: v. 
£0 TREAT. SeealsosiNGLy. |], Espe- 
cially, pre-eminently : 1, praecipué : 
he had always p. favoured the state of 
the Aeduans, semper Aeduorum civitati 
p. indulserat, Caes. B.G.7, 40: Cic.: Quint. 
2. praesertim: v. ESPECIALLY (2.). 
3, magnopéré (magno opere) ; sup. 
Mmaximopéré (maximo opere), with verbs 
of asking, requesting: I most p. beg 
and pray of you, a te maximopere 
quaeso et peto, Cic. Fam. 3,2: Ter. Eun. 
3, 3, 26 (separately, Thais maximo te 
orabat opere). 4. imprimis or in 
primis: esp. with an adj.: i seems p. 
difficult, in primis arduum videtur, Sall. 
Cat. 3: Caes. 5, maximé: v. ESPEz- 
CIALLY (4.). (N.B.—Not potissimum 5 
which = rather than any other; superl. 
of potius.) 
parting (subs.) : digressio ; digressus, 
tis: Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, med. 
partisan (subs.): |. An adherent 
of a party: 1, fautor (in good or 
bad sense): a shout is ratsed by the 
p.sof both, clamor ab utriusque fauto- 
ribus oritur, Liv. 1, 48, ad intt.: so 
strong a p. of the aristocracy, tantus 
optimatium f., Suet. Gr. 3: ef. Cic. R. 
Am. 6, 16, f. nobilitatis (in good sense). 
Q. expr. by stiididsus; stiideo, 2 (de- 
noting warm attachment or devotion to: 
the verb with dat.; adj. with gen.) : a p. 
of the nobility, studiosus nobilitatis, Cic. 
Ac. 2, 40, 125: neither to have the feel- 
ings of a p. nor to hate, neque studere 
neque odisse, Sall. Cat. 51, init. Join: 
studiosi ac fautores [illius victoriae], 
Cic. Att. 1, 16, med. 3. factiosus 
(homo): Sall. Cat. 54, fin. Also factio 
(collectively), the body of p.s: Vv. FAC= 
TION, PaRTY. Phr.: the p.s of Plato 
and Aristotle, illi a Platone et Aristotele, 
Cic. Mur. 30, 63: @ tribune who was a 
p. of Marius, Marianus tr. pl., id. Agr. 
3, 2,7: So, esp. in pl. the p.s of Sulla, 
Sullani, ib.; of Gracchus, Gracchani, 
etc. ||. A kind of pike: perh. bi- 
pennis (battle-axe): Virg. See also foll. 
art. 





partisan: Phr.: to carry on a 
p. waryare, carptim expeditis militibus 
hostem lacessere, bellum gerere, cf. Liv. 
22, 16, init.: a p. mode of warfare was 
better than waging war with large ar- 
mies, multas passtm manus quam mag- 
nam molem unius exercitus rectius bella 
gerere, id. 3, 2, extr.: a good p. leader, 
*strennus praedonum latronumque dux $ 
*incursionibus populationibusque magis 
quam justo bello idoneus; *lacessendo 
hosti magis quam justae aciei utilis 
(idoneus). 

partisanship: stiidium : v. PARTY- 
SPIRIT. 
| partition: |. The act of parting 
or dividing: partitio: fair p. of spoil 
| aequabilis praedae p., Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40, 


PEACE TUT ie ave 





Esp. the logical or rhetovival p. of a sub- 
gect: Cic.: Quint. 
to make a p. of : ¥. TU DIVIDE.) i. 
That which parts or divides : 1. sep- 
tum (saep.). v. FENCE. 2. paries, 
&tis, m. (« all of a house): V. WALL. (Or 
expr. by verb small chambers separated 


by wooden p.s, *cubicula parva tabulis | 
distincta et loculata; cubiculorum series | 


loculatorum: cf. in/r, Ll.) 


il. 4 


(Or expr. by partior, | 





compartment: locilamentum: the p.s | 


(in an aviary) in which the birds make 
their nests, |. (in) quibus nidificant aves, 
Col. 8,8: Vitr. Kurnished with p.s, lo- 
culatus: lozes divided into p.s (Jor 
colours), arculae loculatae, Varr. 3, 17. 
partitive: as gram ¢.¢., *partitivus: 


partitively : as gram. ¢. ¢., *parti- 
tive: M. L. 


partly: 1. partim: esp. ina double 
sentence, partly..., partly: @ mind p. 
influenced by compassion; p...., ani- 
mus p. misericordia devinctus, p...., 
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 92. 2, nonnulla (ali- 
qua) ex parte (to some extent): ct. Caes. 
B.G. 1, 16, magna ex parte eorum pre- 
cibus adducius: if not wholly yet p., 
si non omnino tamen aliqua ex parte 
(or aliquam partem: cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 
15, non omnino quidem sed magnam 
partem). 3. in parte (not Cic.): this 
seems to me p. true, quod mihi in parte 
verum videtur, Quint. 2, 8, 6. 
partner: |. 4 sharerin anything : 
1, sdcius; jf. sdcia (companion, 
sharer, associate): Join: particeps et 
socius et adjutor, Cic. Att. g, 10: socius 
et consors [gloriosi laboris], id. Br. 1, 2: 
V. COMPANION. , particeps, cipis 
(strictly adj): V. PARTAKER. Comp. 
also (1). 8, consors. rtis: p. in gains 
and stolen goods, c. in lucris atque furtis, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 66, exty.: usu. foll. by gen., 
cf. supr. (1). I]. Jn business: s6cius: 
Cic.Verr. 3, 20, 50: to be condemned (for 
fraud towards) a p., pro s. damnari, id. 
Fl. 18, 43 p.s on equal terms (sharing 
profits equally), ex aequis partibus socii, 
Paul. Dig. 17, 2, 6. (Not consors in 
technical sense: but see supr. I, 3.) 
I]. Zn matrimony: conjux, jugis, 
€.: V. SPOUSE. MATE. Po t., socius (socia) 
tori, Ov. M. 14. 678; thalami consors, 
ib. 10, 246 (wife). 
partnership: ]. In gen. sense- 
1, sdciétas (association, sharing) : 
p. in crime, 8. facinorum, Cic. Ph. 
13, 17, jin.: Sall.: v. FELLOWSHIP, AL- 
LIANCE. Q, consortio (= preced.): ef. 
Liv. 6, 40, jin., Quaenam ista societas, 
quaenam consortic est 7—(rare) : Cic. See 
also, UNION, ASSOCIATION. I]. Zn bu- 
siness: sdciétas: to form (enter into) p., 
s. coire, Dig. 17, 2, 1: 8. contrahere, ib. 
5: toretive from @ p., societate abire, 
ib. § 14: to give notice of doing so, socie- 
tati renuntiare, ib. § 14. Phr.: to dis- 
solve p., dissociari, ib. § 4: action for 
fraudulent p., actio pro socio, ib. § 31. 
es the chapter of Digest referred to 
roughout.) 
partridge: perdix, icis, c.: Plin.: 
art, 


parts: i.e. faculties: v. part (VI.). 
parturition: partus, us (act of 
bringing forth): Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 6y. 
(Or expr by pirio: [omen] in p. in- 
voke Juno Lucina, Junonem Lucinam in 
oariendy invocant, ib. § 68: v. TO BRING 
forrH. Parturitio, late and rare.) 
party: | A number of persons 
united in opposition to others: it 
factio (esp. politica’: usu. with worse 
mse than tng.): there are p.s in all 
states, in omnibus civitatibus f. sunt, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 11: the p. of the oligarchs, 
paucorum f., id. B C. 1,22: thep. of those 
whowere for talcing everything to Philip, 
f. ad Philippum trahentium res, Liv. 32, 
19, init. To denote the different p.s in 
the Circus: th p. of the Green, prasina 
f, Suet. Cal. 55. 2, secta (sect or 
school): Quint. 5, 13, 59: Cic. A% 
partes, ium; also s/ng. (not denoting 
the individuals collectively ; but the side 
vr interest to which they belong) : to form 
into two p.s, in duas p. discedere, Sall. 








PASS 


Jug. 17: to go over to any one's p., in 
psrtes trunsgredi, ‘I'ac. Agr. 73; 580, 


| transire in partes, id. H. 1, Jo: to be of 
| no p., nullius partis esse, Cic. Fam. 10, 


31: v. stipe. (N.B. When the word 
party is used without bad sense, it need 
not be expr. by a definite subs.: e. g. 
the one p.,... the other p...., alii... 
pars, Nall. Cat. 38: also expr. by, hi... 
illi; alteri .... alteri: note also the 
pbr., populares, the popular p.; opp. 
optimates, the aristocratical p., Cic. Sext. 
45, unit.) |]. One of two litigants : 
pars (not however denoting an indi- 
vidual, but the side or interest with 
which he is identified): the friends of 
the opposite p., advocati adversae p., 
Quint. 5, 6, eztr.: Ter.: Juv. Or use 
prons., the one p. ...., the other p., hic 

_ille: v.(the)one. — [ff, 4 gather- 
ing for pleasure : expr. by coena, con- 
vivium, saltatio, etc., acc. to the nature 
of the entertainment: v. SUPPER, eLc. 

IV, A small division of troops: 
manus, is; or if cavalry be referred to, 
ala (cf. Liv. 21, 29, init. where ala 
equitum is used of a p. of horse, 500 
strong); turma (Vv. SQUADRON). V. 
A part of an aggregate number : expr. 
by alii .... alii: to ship people across in 
p-s, alios atque alios transvehere, Liv. 
38, 16, med. Ni. Connected with: 
affinis, e (with dat. or gen.): parties to 
this plot, buic tacinori affines, Cic. Cat. 
4, 3, 6: less freq. with gen.: id. Verr. 2, 
2, 38, 94. 

party-man: partium studiosus (ho- 
mo): etc.: V. PARTISAN. 

— spirit: stiidium: more defi- 
nitely, s. partium, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 13, 35: 
alsu pl., studia partium, Sall. Jug. 73. 

— wall: paries  intergérivus 
(-inus): Plin. 35, 14, 49, extr. Or by 
circumL, paries binis communis aedibus: 
cr. Ov. M. 4, 66. 

parvenu (Fr.): 
UPSTART. 

paschal: paschalis, e: the p. lamb, 
agnus p., Vulg. Exod. xii., lem.: Hier. 

pasha: satripes, ae, m. (nearest 
word); pure Lat., praefectus: v. SATRAP. 

pashalic: satrapia or -éa: Curt. 5, 
1, fin.: Plin. Or praefectura: v. GO- 
VERNMENT (V.). 

pasquinade: famosum carmen, etc. : 


¥. LAMPOON. 

pass (v.): All rans: |. To 
go beyond : 1, praetervéhor, vectus, 3 
(with acc.): my speech seems to have 
pd the rocks, scopulos praetervecta vi- 
detur oratio mea, Cic. Coel. 21, init. : 
Caes.: Vv. TO PASS BY. 92. egrédior, 
gressus, 3 (in this sense, oft. with acc.) : 
not to pass the river Mulucha, tlumen 
Mulucham non e., Sall. Jug. 110: in Cle. 
foll. by extra with ace.: cf. id. Quint. 10, 
35, certos fines terminosque constituam, 
exira quos non egrediar. 3. transeo, 
4, W7r.: V. TO CROSS. I]. To exceed: 
Vv. TO SURPASS. Ill. To live through, 
spend time: Phr.: to p. all one’s life- 
time in anything, omnem aetatem in 
aliqua re terere, Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 123: 
to p. one’s whole lifetime free from 
annoyance, omne tempus aetutis sine 
molestia degere, id. Seu. 1, 2 (¥. TO 
SPEND): vitam transire [silentio], Sall. 
Cat. 1, is a rare expr.: (0 p. the loitering 
day over wine, morantem diem mero 
frangere (povt.), Hor. Od. 2, 7,6.  1V. 
To send on from one to another: trado, 
didi, ditum, 3: to p. the cup to any one, 
poculum ulicui t. Cic. Tuse. 1, 40, 96: 
Luer.: to p. buckets from hand to hand, 
*bamas per manus tradere, V. vo 
utter authoritatively : esp. in phr., to p. 
sentence: décerno, crévi, tum, 3: fo p. 
sentenve in any one’s favour, secundum 
aliquem d., Cic. Fam. 16, 16, C: Cues. : 
V. SENTENCE. VI. To enact by reso- 
lution: Phr.: to p.a law on any sub- 
ject, legem jubere de aliqua re, Cic. Bal. 
17, 38 (denoting the action of the people) : 
so, rogationem jubere, Sall. Jug. 40: 
also jubeo is in this sense often used 
absol.; to p. a resolution concerning war, 
de bello j., Liv. 38, 45: the senate p.d a 
decree, decrevit senatus: pass: v. TO 


novus hémo: ¥ 











| 


PASS BY 


ee NNN a 


DECREE. (Perferre legem, to succeed in 
getting alaw p.’d.) See also TO ENACT 

VII. 20 admit, allow: Phr.: wp. 
accounts, *tubulas accepti et dispensi 
inspectas approbare; ratus babere: y. 
TO APPROVE, CONFIRM. Miscell. Phr.; 
to p. one’s eyes over (a writing). oculo 
{oculis) percurrere, Hor. 5. 2, 5, 55: lo 
p. cheese through a suve, caseum per 
cribrum facere [ut] transeat, Cat» R. R, 
46, med. (also, cribro cernere ; cribrare ; 
V. SIEVE): to p. water, urinam reddere, 
Cels. 2, 7, med.: to p. muster, *duc 
(praefecto) se approbare (cf. lac. Agr. 5, 
init.). B, intrans.: |, Zi go by 
from one place to another 1, prae- 
téreo, praetervéhor, etc. Vv. TO PASS BY, 
etc. 2. meo, 1 (to go along, find a 
passage): esp. of things : so that wagons 
can barely p. in single file, ita ut vix 
singula meent plaustra, Plin. 6, 14, 17: 
the heat p.’s through the wid, vapor 
per inane vacuum m., Lucr, 2, 150 
(N.B. —For phr. in passing, Vv. PASSING.) 

|]. Of time ; to go by, elapse: 1B 
transeo, 4, i7r.: many months had al- 
ready p.’d, and the winter had already 
set in, multi jam transierant menses, et 
hiems jam praecipitaverat, Cues. B.C. . 


3, 25, nit.: Afric. Dig. 7, 1, 37. 74 
interceédo, 3. v. TO ELAPSE. See also 
TO PASS AWAY, BY. Ill. Zo become 


changed : 1, Abeo, 4, ivr.: E p.’s into 
U, E in U abit, Varr. L. L. 5, 16, 26: hts 
arms p. into legs, abeunt in crura lacerti, 
Ov. M. 1, 236. See also TO CHANGE. 

Q. transeo, 4,irr.: to p. (be turned) 
into wine, in vinum tr., Plin. 22, 24, 52: 
Ov. IV. To be transferred from one 
owner to another: pervénio, véni, ven- 
tum, 4: the whole inheritance p.’s to the 
daughter, omnis hereditas ad filiam p., 
Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 55: to p. to any one law- 
fully, jure ad aliquem p., id. Top. 6, 29. 

V. To be carried, receive the sanc- 
tion of a legislative house: Phr.: that 
law could not p. *ea lex perferri non 
potuit; populo persuaderi non potuit 
ut eam legem juberet, scisceret, de- 
cerneret: v. supr. (A., VL). Vi. To 
be looked upon, regarded ; usu. foll. by 
for: 1. pass. of habeo, 2 (not neces 
sarily implying that the estimate is 
false): he p.d for a person of great 
military experience, peritissimus rei 
militaris habebatur, Caes. B. G. 1, 21 
esp. foll. by pro when the case is not 
really so: to p. for unsaid, pro non dicto 
haberi, Liv. 23, 22, ad fin. (with ref. to 
an indiscreet utterance): Vv. TO CONSIDER 
CLV2): 2, expr. by pro after other 
verbs: so incredible did the circum- 
stance appear, that the messenger p.'d 
for a liar, adeo incredibilis res visa est, 
ut pro vano nuntius andiretur, Liv. 39, 
49, med.: to p. jor one already con- 
demned and executed, jam pro damnato 
mortuoque esse, Cic. Verr. 4, 15, tit. 
See also foll. artt. 

pass away: |. Of time; to take 

its departure : 1 abeo, 4, irr.: that 
year p.’d away, abiit ille annus, Cic. 
Sext. 33, 71: Ter.: Hor. (Not practereo 
in exactly this sense: Vv. TO PASS BY.) 

9. cédo, ssi, ssum, 3: hours and 
days and months aud years p. away, 
horae c., et dies, et menses, et anni, Cic. 
Sen. 19, 69. So comp., procedy, 3 (esp. 
when a part of a given time is spoken 
of as gone): when a good part of the 
night had p’d aay, ubi plerumque 
noctis processerat, Sall. Jug. 21. 3. 
transeo, 4, ir. (rare in exactly this 
sense): life will p. away, transiet aetas, 
Tib. 1, 4,27: v. ToPass(B, 11). 4, 
labor, psus, 3 (0 glide away imper- 
cepcibly : poet.) : Hor. Od. 2, 14, 2 (fu- 
gaces 1. anni) Ov. 5, pass. of con- 
siimo, mpsi, mpium. 3 (to take up time) : 
Vv. TO CONSUME (11.), SPEND. Phr.: to let 
one day after another p. airay, diem ex 
die ducere, Cues. B. G. 1, 16. || To 
come to an emt: j, transeo, 4: an 
empire soon to p. aay, imperium brevi 
trausiturim, Tac. H. 1, §2,,fin. Q, in- 
téreo, pérvo, vecido: Vv. TO PERISH. 
by: |. Lit: 1, praetéreo 
4, irr. (gen. term) : to p. by some gardens. 

539 





PASS OFF 


PASSAGE 





hortos p., Cic. Fin. 5, 1, fin.: see also 
PASSING (in). 2, praetergrédior, gres- 
sus, 3 (infreq.): you had already p/d 
by (my) camp, te jam castra praeter- 
gressum esse, Cic. Fam. 3, 7, med. Sh. 
praetervéhor, ctus, 3 (on horseback or 
s2ipboard) : (mariners) that were p.ing 
by, qui praetervehebantur, Cic. Fin. 5, 
18,49. With direct acc.: on the second 
day they p. by (sail past) Apollonia, al- 
tero die Apolloniam praetervehuntur, 
Caes. B.C. 3, 26. 4, praetermeo, 1 
(v. rare): Lucr. 1, 319. Il. Fig.: of 
time : ], praetéreo, 4, irr.: the (ap- 
pointed) time has p.’d by, tempus prae- 
teriit, Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 4: id. Ph. 3, 2, 41: 
Cic. Sen. 19, 69. 9, transeo, 4, u7.: 
when the day fixed by the law has p.d 
by, quum dies legis transierit, Cic. Att. 
7, 1, med. Il]. Not to notice: prae- 
téreo, 4, 77. ¥. TO PASS OVER, OMIT. 

pass off: |. Todepirt: 1, abeo, 
4, uT.: has your sea-siclness quite p.’d 
off yet ? nausea jamue plane abiit? Cic. 
Att. 14, Io, med. 2, décédo, ssi, ssum, 
3: the ague has p.’d off, quartana de- 
cessit, ib. 7,2, ad init. I]. Trans.: 
in phr. to p. oneself off jor ....: 1. 
féro, 3, 77". (with pron. vefl.): he tried 
to p. himself for Philip, se Philippum 
ferebat, Vell. 1, 11: Suet. 2, expr. by 
impono, posui, itum, 3: cf. Quint. 8, 6, 
20, populo imposuimus et oratores visi 
sumus. 





On: pergo, perrexi, ctum, 3 (to 
go forward): let us p. on to what re- 
mains, pergamus ad reliqua, Cic. Br. 43, 
init. : V. TO PROCEED. 

— over: |. To cross over: 
transeo, trajicio, etc.: v. TO CROSS OVER. 

|]. Zo go over to another party: 
transgrédior, transeo: v. TO GO OVER 
dL). ‘|. Trans. to take no notice 
of : 1, praetéreo, 4, irr.: to p. over a 
passage through neglect, locum pr. neg- 
ligentia, Ter. Ad. prol. 14: to p. over 
and omit, pr. ac relinquere, Cic. Verr. 3, 
44, 106. 2. praetermitto, misi, ssum, 
3 (like preced.): Caes.: Cic.: v. TO 
OMIT. 8. less freq. mitto, 3: cf. Cic. 
Mur. 15, fin., mitto proelia; praetereo 
Oppugnationes oppidorum (= praeter- 
mitto): Ter. Also toll. by subj. clause, 
or de with abl.: I p. over the fact, that 

.., Mitto quod.... (with subj.), Cic. 
Fam. 15, 4: J p. over the loss of a very 
large part of the army, mitto de amissa 
maxima parte exercitus, id. in Pis. 20, 
47- IV. Also Trans., to neglect in 
the bestowment of anything: praetéreo, 
4, r.: to p. over a brother's son (in 
making one’s will), fratris filium pr., 
Cic. Ph. 2, 16, 41: and esp., to p. over 
(not to elect) a candidate for office: id. 
Pens; 8. 

— round; i.e. to hand round: 
perh. circumtéro, 3, i7r.: Vv. TO HAND 
ROUND. Or perh. better expr. by trado, 
didi, ditum, 3: v. To pass (A. LYV.). 
Also Lntrans.: while the cup is p.ing 
round, *dum_ traditur poculum per 
manus convivarum. 
through: 1, transeo, 4, 
trr.: the son of Domitius p.’d through 
Formiae [on such a date), Domitii filius 
transiit Formias, Cic. Att. 9, 3, init. 

2, more freq. expr. by per after 
various verbs: the spear p.’s through 
both temples, it hasta per tempus utrum- 
que, Virg. Aen. 9, 418: to p. (make a 





way) through the enemy, per hostes | 


vadere, Tac. H. 3, 41: the #upnrates 
p.s right through Seleucia, Euphrates 
vadit per ipsam Mesopotamiam, Plin. 5, 
26, 21. the weapon p.’d through the hel- 
met, telm per galeam adactum est (cf. 
Tac. A.6, +5. vulous per galeam adegit). 

—, come to; fit, factum est, etc. : 
how comes it to p., qui fit? Hor. Sat. 
I, I, init.: v. TO HAPPEN. (Very freq. 
in late Lat. of Vulg., it came to p., fac- 
tum est: Matthew xi. I, etc.) 

—,, to let: 1, praetermitto, 3: 
not to let a single day p. (without writ- 
tng), nullum diem p., Cic. Att. 9, 14. 

2. transmittv, 3 (to allow to p. 
through): to let an army p. through, 
exercitum [per fines] tr., Liv. 21, 24, 


extr.: not to let the rain p. through, 
imbres non tr., Plin, 16, to, 19 § 48. 

pass (subs.): Phr.: to think matters 
shoull hawe come to such a p.! adeone 
rem rediisse ! Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 27 (foll. 
by ut): things had come to such a p., 
eo rerum ventum erat, Curt. 5, 12: v. 
PITCH. 

passable: |. Through or along 
which one may pass : 1, pervius 
(affording a passage): the enemy had 
occupied such forests as were p., hostes 
saltus p. ceperant, Liv. 9, 43: most 
easily p. (fordable), maxime p., Tac. A. 
12, 12, med. 2, expr. by transeo, 4, 
wrr.: the Rhone is in several places p. by 
a ford, Khodanus nonnullis locis vado 
transitur, Caes. B.G. 1,6: Liv. Phr.: 
(a road) barely p. for vaggons in single 
Jile, vix qua singuli carri ducantur, Caes 
B. G. 1, 6: (a road) not p. for artillery, 
*qua tormenta graviora nullo modo 
trahantur: a district not p. for cavalry 
on account of marshes, *loca palustria 
atque equitibus invia (v. IMPASSABLE): 
to make p., munire: e. g., mM. rupem, 
Liv. 21, 37: cf. id. 27, 39, med., per 
munita pleraque transitu fratris, quae 
antea invia fuerant, duxit (where before 
there was no road, but made p. by Han- 
nibal): a road perfectly (or easily) p., 
*via qua commode, facile, ire s. ingredi 
possis; via aperta atque facilis. Il. 
Fig., tolerable: 1. tolérabilis, e: p. 
orators, t. oratores, Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 8. 
(Not patibilis [= that can be suffered or 
endured: rare] in this sense.) ON 
médiocris, €- v. MIDDLING. 

passably : ], télérabiliter : Col. 
2, 2, mit. (In Cic. = patiently.) 2 
médiocriter : Cic.: v. MODERATELY (II.) 

passage: |. Act of passing or 
Crosstig : ], transitus, is: the p. (of 
the Alps) by the Carthaginians, tr. 
Poenorum, Liv. 21, 38, fin.: so Tench- 
therorum tr., Caes. B. G. 5, 55 (p. of 
the Rhine by the Tenchtheri): but also 
(later), Alpium tr. Tac. H. 1, Jo (in 
Liv. 21, 23, init., transitus Alpium = the 
passes of the Alps). 2. iransitio 
(=preced.; but infreq.): to effect its 
(the sun's) p. into another sign, in aliud 
signum tr. facere, Vitr. 9, 1 (4), II. 

3. transgressio (= precedd.): the 
p- of the Gauls (over the Alps), tr. 
Gallorum, Cic. in Pis. 33, 81. 4, 
transmissio (by water): your former p., 
superior tua tr. (= navigatio), Cic. Att. 4, 
17, init. 5, trajectio (esp. like pre- 
ced., across the water): Cic. Att. 8, 15. 
Also in same sense (oftener in sense 
IV.), trajectus, is: he twice encountered 
a storm on his p., tempestate in tra- 
jjectu bis conflictatus, Suet. Aug. 17, 
med. 6. expr. by verb: the p. of the 
Alps being effected in 15 days, quinto 
decimo die Alpibus superatis, Liv. 21, 
38, init.: by what route he effected the 
p. of the Alps, quanam Alpes transierit, 
ib. med.: during his p. of the Apennines, 
he encountered a violent storm, transeun- 
tem Apenninum atrox adorta tempestas 
est, id. 21, 58, init.: everything being 
got ready for the p. (of the river), om- 
nibus satis comparatis ad trajiciendum, 
id. 21, 27, init.: V. TO CROSS (OVER), PASS. 
7, freq. iter, itinéris, m., may serve : 

to effect a p. through the province, iter 
per provinciam facere, Caes. B. G. 1, 7: 
Vv. MARCH, JOURNEY. Il. Liberty to 
pass through: Phr.: to allow any one 
a p., alicui [per agros urbesque] trans- 
itum dare, Liv. 21, 20, intt.: iter alicui 
[per provinciam] dare, Caes. B. G. 1, 8; 
facultatem [per provinciam] itineris 
faciendi dare, ib. 1, 7: toafford an army 
a p. through territory, exercitum per 
fines transmittere, Liv. 21, 24. il. 
Migration: Phr.: birds of p., (aves) 
advénae: the storks are winter birds of 
p., the cranes summer ones, ciconiae 
hiemis, grues aestatis advenae, Plin. 10, 
23, 31-0 Varn. (HiRes 5, med.> 25 a 
class, genus (avium) adventicium, Varr. 
l.c.: the thrush is a bird of p., turdi 
quotannis in [Italiam] trans mare ad- 
volant, et eodem revolant, Warr. l. c. 
(the whole passage is marked as an 


. 








PASSION 





interpolation in Bipont. Ed.). IV. 
A way or route by which to pass from 
one country to another (by sea): tra 
jectus, us: the shortest p. to Britain, 
brevissimus tr. in Britanniam, Caes. B. 
G. 4, 21: most convenient p., tr. com- 
modissimus, i). 5, 2. V. A commu- 
nication between two places: a 
transitio (thoroughfare): more fully, tr. 
pervia, Cic. N. D. 2, 27, init.: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 2, 453, where pervius usus tec- 
torum inter se, denotes a p. by which 
two dwellings communicate with each 
other. 2, iter: Vitr. 6, 6 (9), jin. 
(where the term itinera is applied to the 
corridors and passages in a house, gene- 
rally) Phr.: to open a p. into a 
house, aedes pervias facere, cf. ‘Ver. Ad. 
5,7, 14. VI. A path by which any- 
thing jinds exit or access; esp. in the 
body : 1, iter: the urinary p., urinae 
i, Cels. 7, 26, 1: the p. for the voice, 
vocis i., Virg. Aen. 7, 534. 2. mea- 
tus, Us: the auditory passages, audiendt 
m., Plin. 28, 13, 55. In same sense 
(less good), transitus: id. 23, 2, 28 (audi- 
tis tr.). VIL. Portion of a book: 
locus; pl. usu. loci; less freq. loca: to 
learn by heart select p.s from the poets, 
electos ex pvetis 1. ediscere, Quint. 1, 
1, 36: ib. 1, II, 12, ete.; we repeat p.s 
without being enecored, loca jam reci- 
tata revolvimus irrevocati, Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 223. 

passenger: vector (esp. on board 
ship): to take up a@ p., Vv. tollere, Macr. 
2, 5, extr.: Cic. P.’s fare, vectira, 
naulum (by boat): v. FARE (1I.) 

passer-by: expr. by  praetéreo : 
p.s-by, qui praetereunt per vias, Pl. 
Mere. 5, 4, 40: in all cases except nom. 
sing., the imperf. part. may be used, 
L. G. § 638: Luer, has praetermeantes, 
I, 319: V. TO PASS BY. 

passing (subs.): chiefly in adv. phr., 
in’ passing : 1, praetériens (with 
just a glance, such as one passing by 
might bestow), in agreement with sub- 
ject: Cic. Br. 54, 200: with quasi: Z 
will, as it were in p., do justice to 
them all at once, quasi praeteriens 
satisfaciam universis, id. Div. Verr. 
15, extr. 2, obiter (not in Cic.): /o 
expose, in p., the folly of Magic, ob. 
vanitatem Magicam coarguere, Plin. 37, 


9, 37: Sen. 8. in transcursu: Join: 
breviter atque in transcursu, Plin. 3, 5, 
6, § 39. 


Passing (adv.): admédum, etc.: v. 
EXCEEDINGLY. 
passing-bell: *campina quae ipso 
mortis tempore sonat. 
passion: |. Seing acted upon: 
passio: either in action or in p., vel in 
actu vel in p., Prisc. 8, init. (de verbo). 
Or expr. by verb: @ verb ts expressive 
of action or p., verbum agendi vel pa- 
tiendi significativum, Prise. L c. tl. 
Prevalent emotion : 1, ciupiditas 
(strong desire of any kind: esp. lust, 
avarice, or cupidity): undisciplined 
and unbri p.s, indomitae c. atque 
effrenatae, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 24, tmit.: v. 
DESIRE. (N.B.—Not applicable to such 
p.sasenvy, hatred, pride.) 2, (animi) 
perturbatio (a philos. term): ef. Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 5, 10, quae Graeci +a@y vocant, 
nobis perturbutiones appellari magis 
placet: id. Fin. 3, 10, fin. 3. (animi) 
motus, is; with or without animi, ace. 
to context (gen. term, denoting excite- 
ment or emotion of any kind): v. 
EMOTION. 4, pern.Otio (stronger than 
motus: hence more adequate to the 
expression of Eng.): those p.s (fear, 
pity, etc.) have been imparted to our 
minds by nature, p. istae auimis nostris 
a natura datae, Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 135: 
id. de Or. 1, 12, 53. Phr.: to work 
upon men’s p.s, hominum mentes ad 
iram, odium, dolorem, etc., incitare, Cic. 
de Or. l.c.: they affirm that the mind 
of the wise man is not disturbed by p., 
animum sapientis commoveri et contur- 
bari negant, id. Ac.l.c. (N.B.—Passio 
in this sense is without authority.) 
Ill. Specially, sensual desire: libido 
inis, f.: the p.s ave stimulated to their 








PASSIONATE 





gratification, libidines (Gr. émBupcac) 
ad potiundum incitantur, Cic. Sen. 12, 
39: so inflamed by p., libidine sic ac- 
censa (femina), Sall. Cat. 25. IV. 
Violent anger: ira, iracundia: v. PAs- 
ston. Phr.: to get into a p., irasci (Vv. 
ANGRY, TO BE): to fly into a violent p., 
exardescere iracuidia et stomacho, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 2, 20, 48; iracundia inflammari, 
id. Tusc. 4, 22, 50: in a towering p., fu- 
ribundus, Sull. Cat. 31, /im.; impotens 
irae, Liv. 29,9, ad fin.; impotens animi, 
Curt. 8, 1, fin.: to do anything under 
the influence of p., impetu et ira aliquid 
facere, I'ac. Ger. 25: aroused to far 
more violent p., in multo impotentiorem 
rabiem accensus, Liv. 2g, 9, med. V. 
(rreat fondness for: stiidium: according 
to what was the ruling p. of each, uti 
2ujusque s. flugrabat, Sall. Cat. 14: cf. 
Cie. Verr. 4, init. Phr.: Albius has w 
p. Jor bronzes, stupet Albius aere, Hor. 
Sat. 1, 4, 28: less strongly : his p. is for 
horses und dogs, gaudet equis canibus- 
que, id. A. P. 162: an incurable p. 
jor writing, insanabile scribendi ca- 
coethés, Juv. 7, 52. Vi. Suffering ; 
applied to the sufferings of our Lord: 
passio: he showed himself alive after 
his p., praebuit seipsum vivum post p. 
suam, Vulg. Act. i. 3: td. Phil. ili. 10, etc. : 
or perh. better, perpessiones Christi: 
Niayels. Stil. p. 43 (L.G.§ 591). Phr.: 
P.-music, *concentus meditandis Christi 
cruciatibus, Kr.: P.-weelc, *tempus cele- 
brandae mortis et dolorum Christi, Bau. 
(in Kr.): ?.flower, *passiflora (Linn.). 
passionate: |. Fervent, impas- 
sioned: fervidus, ardens, flagrans: v. 
IMPASSIONED, FERVENT. I]. Given to 
bursts of anger: 1, iracundus: some- 
what too p.,iracundior paulo, Hor. 8. 1, 
3, 29: one mam is more p. than another, 
alius alio iracundior, Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, it. 
9. cérebrosus (hot-headed, hasty): 
Hor. S. 1,5, 21: Pl. 8, praeceps in- 
genio in iram: Liv. 23, 7, extr. (Impo- 
tens irae = unable to control one’s tem- 
per, at any given time: cf. Liv. 29, 9, 
ad jin.) iy. 9 9) 
passionately: |. With passionate 
ardour: hr.: to be p. in love, amore 
ardere, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27: also with- 
out amore, and foil. by in and abl. of 
object, or acc.: the god fell p. in love 
with her, deus arsit in illa, Ov. M. 8, 50: 
for direct acc. see Virg. E. 2, 1: also, 
deperire amore alicujus (lit. to be dying 
with love for any one), Liv. 27, 15, med. : 
likewise foll. by in and abl., Curt. 8, 6; 
or direct acc., Pl.: also, effuse amare 
(not of sexual love), Plin. 6,26, 2: Tam 
p. desirous of seeing your fathers, efferor 
studio patres vestros videndi, Cic. Sen, 
23, 83: p. devoted to every kind of learn- 
ing, summe omnium doctrinarum studi- 
osus, Cic. Fam. 4, 3, fin.: he was p. fond 
of play, aleam studiosissime lusit, Suet. 
Cl. 33: to be p. bent on doing something, 
gestire aliquid facere (v. TO LONG): see 
also EAGERLY, EARNESTLY, FERVENTLY. 
I]. With anger: iracundé: vy. AN- 
GRILY. 
passionateness : 
ANGER. 
passionless: impassibilis, e: Lact. 
I, 3, fin. (Or by circuml., perturbationi- 
bus animi carens, liber: v. PASSION, I.) 
passive: passivus (only as gram. 
t. t.) : p. verbs, verba p., Prisc. &, pass. : 
Charis.: called by Gell, verba habentia 
patiendi figuram, N. A., 18, 12: or 
simply, verba putiendi, ib. Phr.: tobe 
p. under injuries, *injurias pati, tole- 
rare: to render a p. obedience, *patiendo 
solum imperiis parére (?). 
passively: passivé (as gram. ¢. t.): 
Prise. 


iracundia: v. 


passiveness f expr. by patior, t0- 
ssivity léro: v. TO ENDURE. 

assover: Pascha, imdecl. neut. (as 

in Gk. ro tacya) to vat tne p., mandn- 
eare Pascha, Vulg. Joh. xviii. 28; et 
pass. (N.b—In gen, Vulg. has Pas- 
ebae, as if trom fem, Pascha; cf. ib. 
Lue. ii. 41, in die sollenni Paschae ; Joh. 
xii. ante sex dies Paschae; but the ace. 
is always Pascha. In later writers still, 





PASTORAL 





it is decl. pascha, Atis, n.: Ambros.: etc.) 
Belonging to the P., Paschalis, e: v. 
PASCHAL, 

passport: ‘*libellus peregrinandi 
causa datus (the term libellus being 
used of varions documents, as warrunts, 
etc.: cf. Paul. Dig. 39, 4, 4). Or perh. 
diploma, tis (a term applied to various 
documents conveying a privilege): cf. 
Cic. Att. 10, 17, jin., where it denotes @ 
formal licence to quit Italy. 

pass-word: tesséra (strictly, a small 
square tablet in which the p. was writ- 
ten): the p. had been sent through the 
camp, t. per castra data erat, Liv. 27, 46, 
init. (where the ref. is to an instruction 
trom the commanding ojjicer): Suet. 
Gal. 6 (data tessera, “ut manus paenulis 
continerent”): Auct. B, Hisp. 36. extr. 
The officer who gives out the p., tesse- 
rarius: Tac. H. 1, 25. 

past (adj.): |, In gen. sense, gone 
by: praetéritus: p. time, pr. tempus, 
Cic. Sen. 19, 68: also as p. part.: when 
the pleasantness of spring-time is p., p- 
verni temporis suavitate, Cic. Sen. 19, 
jo: also in gram., the p. tense, pr. tem- 
pus. Quint. 1, 4, jim, Olt. used ellipti- 
cally, the p.: v. foll. art. (N.B—Not 
exactus nor finitus, as adj., though they 
may be used participially: ef. Virg. G. 


3992.) Il. Jmmediately preceding : 
proximus, sttpérior: Vv. PRECEDING, 
FORMER. 


past (subs.) : neut. of praetéritus: fo 
grant any one an indemnity jor the 
Pp. aliquem venia in praeteritum donare, 
Suet. Dom. 9. Esp. n. pl. (the past, col- 
lectively ; with all its events): to remem- 
ber the p., to see the present, meminisse 
praeteritorum, praesentia cernere, Cic. 
Div. 1, 30, 63: Caes. Phr.: admirer 
of the p. laudati temporis acti [se 
puero], Hor. A. P. 173 (strictly, without 
sense apart from the words in brackets.). 

past ( prep.) : |, Of place, praeter, 
with acc. (atter verbs of motion): he 
marched his forces p. Caesar’s camp, 
p. castra Caesaris copias suas traduxit, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 48: ‘Ter. |]. Of time : 
perh. ultra, with ace.: cf. Quint. 3, 1, 9, 
ultra Socratem duravit. Or expr. by 
verb: is it already p. the time, jam ea 
(dies) praeteriit? Ter. Ph. 3, 2,41: see 
also LATE (too). 

paste (subs.): farina (strictly, flour 
or meal): p. for sticking paper, f. qua 
chartae glutinantur, Plin. 22, 25, 60: 
more definitely, f. chartaria, ib. 1, index 
ad Le. (Gluten is glue: q. Vv.) 
, paste (v.): glitino, 1: Plin. 22, 25, 
0. 


paste-board: *cbharta crassa, com- 
pluribus plagulis conglutinatis facta. 

pastern: suffrago, inis, f.: Col. 6, 
15, fin.: Plin. (Q.) 

pastille: pastillus (globule for 
scenting the breath): Hor. S. 1, 2, 27. 
Phr.: to burn p.s, odores incendere, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, extr. (better to express 
thus generally than to aim ata precise 
description of a p.). 

pastime: 1, oblectamentum (amuse- 
ment, recreation : v. Habicht, § 341) : the 
rest and p. of my old age, requies 
o.-que senectutis meae, Cic. Sen. 15, 51: 
Suet. Also, oblectatio: p. (recreation) 
in retirement, otii o., Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 11: 
Vv. AMUSEMENT. 9. ludus: v. GAME, 
sport. Phr.: to take up weapons by 
vay of p. ad ludendum arma sumere, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 84: so, by way of p., 
ludens (in agr. with subject), id. Par. 
prooem. § 3: also, animi causé (for the 
sake of amusement): to Ieep animals 
by way of p., animalia alere animi vo- 
luptatisque causa, Cues. B. G. 5, 12: 
Cic.: and, dele ctationis caus&, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 14, 59: to take one’s p., se oblec- 
tare, id. Ott. 3, 14, 58. 

pastor: pastor 
SHEPHERD. 

pastoral (adj.): |. Relating to 
shepherds : 1, pastoralis, e: ap. life, 
p. vita, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, ad init.: Cic.: 
Liv. 2, pastoricius (less freq.): a p. 
and rustic fraternity, sodalitas p. atque 
agrestis, Cic. Coel. £1, 26: on p. mat- 


(Christianus): v. 


PATENT 
ters, de p. re, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, iit, 
3. pastorius (poet.): the p. festivat 
(Palilia), p. sacra, Ov. F. 4, 723. i 
Denoting a style of poetry: bicdlicus 
(BovKoAtkos): @ p. poem, bucolicon 
poema, Col. 7, 10, fin. (unless Bucolicon 
be there gen. pl.) : to trifle in p. strains, 
b. ludere modis, Ov. F. 2, 538. Ul. 
Relating to the office of a Christian 
pastor: *ad officium pastoris Christiani 
pertinens: sometimes, for brevity, pas- 
toralis may be used: the p. Epistles, *S. 
Pauli epistolae pastorales (quae ferun 
tur): p. theology, *theologia pastoralis 
quae dicitur; theologiae ea pars quae 
de officio Christian! pastoris est. 
pastoral (suvs.): carmen s. poema 
bucolicum: vy. preced. art. (LL). In pl. 
bucolica, 6n (as subs.): Virg. lem. 
pastorate: Phr.: after a long p., 
*quum multos annos Christiani pastoris 
partes sustinuisset, Christianae ecclesiae 
pastorem egisset. 
pastry: 1, crustum (baked paste) : 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 78 (pl. = sweet cakes): 
Virg. Dimin. crustula, orum (confec- 
tionary): Hor 8.1,1,25: Sen. 2, opus 
pistorium quod adipe confiitur; adi- 
patum (made with lard): Charis. 73. 
pastry-cook: 1, crustilarius : 
Sen. Ep. 56, 3. Q. pistor dulcifrius : 
Mart. 14, 222, lem. P.-cook’s shop, 
popina (cook-shop, eating-house) : Sen. 
l.c.: Hor. 
pasturage: |. Grazing for cattle: 
], pastus, is (food for cattle of any 
kind): v. FOOD (7) 2. pabilum: 
v. FODDER. \l. Grazing-ground : 
1, pascuum arable land, woodland and 
p., arvum, arbustum, p., Cic. Rep. 5, 2: 
country destitute of p., rus quod pascue 
caret, Col. 7, 1: Varr. Also, pascuus 
ager, Pl. Truc. 1, 2, 53. 2. pastio: 
wide p.s, laxae p., Varr. R. R. 1, 12, init 





To go out to p., pastum exire, Varr.: v. 
TO GRAZE. 

pasture (suwbs.): pabilum, etc.: v. 
PASTURAGE. 

pasture (v.): pasco, pavi, stum, 3: 
to p. so many herds of cattle, tot greges 
p., Varr. 2, t, ad fin.: Cic.: Vv. TO FEED. 
For intrans. sense, V. TO GRAZE 

pasty: artécreas, atis, n.: Pers. 6, 


0. 
; pat (adj.): Phr.: the story was so 
p. to the occasion, *adeo rei ipsi fabula 
convenire videbatur: ita in tempore 
res narrata esse videbatur: that’s p., 
rem acu tetigisti! cf. Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 19. 
See also SUITABLE. 

pat (v.): Phr.: top. a horse’s neck, 
*equi cervicem tanquam permulcendo 
manu pulsare: ef. Ulp. Dig. 9, 1, 1,97, 
equum. permulcere vel palpari, Co caress 
or stroke him. 

patch (subs.) : 1, pannus: one or 
two bright red p.s are sewed on (fig.), 
purpureus unus et alter assuitur p., Hor. 


A. P.15. Hence, full of rags and ps, 
pannosus: V¥. RAGGED. 2, comnis- 


stira (late in this sense): Vulg. Matt. 
ix. 16: Luc. v. 36 8, assimentum 
(late and rare): ib. Mar, fi. 21. 
patch (v.): 1, sarcio, résarcio, 4. 
Vv. TO MEND. 9, assuo, i, 3 (to sew on: 
with acc. and dat.): Hor. A. P. 15. 
Phr.: to p. an old garment with new 
cloth, immittere commissuram pann) 
rudis in vestimentum vetus, Vulg. Matt. 
ix. 16: a reconciliation ill p.’d up, male 
sarta gratia, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31° © p. up 
a@ story, centones sarcire alicui, PL Epid. 
3, 4, 19 (al. farcire). 
patchwork : cento, dnis, m.: to 
make p. (out of old ciothes), centones 
facere, Cato R. R., 59. Adj.: centona- 
rius, relating to p.: like p., more cento- 
nario, Tert. Praescr. Her. 39 (where the 
reference is to the Homeric centos). 
pate: caput: v. HEAD. 
paten, patin: pitina 
(Patena, Alc in. in Quich.) 
patent (a/j.): |. / lain: apertus, 
miinifestus, etc.: Vv. NoToRIOUS (I.). 
Il. Specially licensed : *diplomate 
donatus, signatus: v. foll. art. 
patent (subs.): diploma, Atis, n. (gen. 
} term, used of various kinds of warrants, 
54 


Vv. PLATE, 


PATENTEE 





letters of introduction, passes, etc.): to 
give any one a p. for a discovery, *monv- 
polii diploma (libellum) inventori ali- 
cujus rei donare. 

patentee: *diplomate donatus: v. 
PATENT. 

paternal : 1, paternus (usu. be- 
longing to a father): p. and ancestral 
goods, bona p. et avita, Cic. Coel. 14: 
p. domains, p. regna, Virg. Aen. 3, 121: 
Hor. Also = like a father, fatherly 
(patrius). Hor. Od. 2, 2, 6. 2. pa- 
trius (like a father ; also, belonging to a 
father): a p. disposition (affection) for 
children, «animus p. in liberos, Cic. R. 
Am. 16, 46: Liv.: p. estate and house, 
p. fundus larque, Hor. S. 1, 2, 56: Cic. 

paternally; patrié (rare): Quint. 
11, 1,68. Usu. better expr. by patrius 
(paternus), pater: this is acting p., hoc 
patrium, Ver. Ad. 1, 1, 49 (which may 
also be expr., hoc patris [offic1um] est, 
ef. id. Andr. 1, 5, 1): he advised him p., 
*ut (tanquam) pater eum monuit: v. 
PATERNAL, FATHER. 

paternity: expr. by pater. (Pater- 
nitas, late = patrius animus: Aug.) 

Paternoster : *oratio Dominica : 
M. L. 


path: |. 4 (marrow) trodden way : 
1. sémita (narrow way, footpath) : 
very narrow p.s, angustissimae s., Cic. 
Agr. 2, 35,96. all the known highways 
and foot-p.s, omnes notae viae s.que, 
Caes. B.G. 5,19. Fig.: the path of an 
unobserved life, fallentis s. vitae, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 18, 103: Juv. 9, trames, itis 
(cross-road, by-path) : Cic. Ph. 13, 9, 19: 
more precisely, transversus tr., Liv. 2, 
39: a winding p. through a wood, con- 
vexus tr. silvae, Virg. Aen. I1, 515. 
3. callis, is, m.; less freq. f. (a foot- 
track ; esp. such as are trodden on hill- 
sides) : to lead an army by winding p.s, 
per devias c. exercitum ducere, Liv. 22, 
14, med.: cf. Cic. Sext. 5, 12 (Italiae 
calles et pastorum stabula): Virg. ||, 
Route, course: via, iter: v. ROAD, WAY. 
See also PASSAGE (VI). Plin. has, se- 
Mita (spiritfis), to denote the path or 
passage pursued by the breath; and 
Claud., 8. lunae, the moon’s p., Laud. 
Stil. 2, 438. 
pathetic: 1. flebilis, e (plain- 
tive; full of tearful emotion): p. 
(moving) strains, t. modi, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 
g: cf. Nagels. Stil. p. 321. 2. *pa- 
théticus (Gr. ma@ytixds’ calculuted to 
excite the passions: late, and suitable 
only for critical language): Macr. S. 4, 
I, et pass. 3. oft. best to expr. by 
circuinl.: @ p. strain, *cantus aptus 
commovendis animis (affectibus), Nagels. 
1. ¢.; aptus ad misericordiam moven- 
dam; ap'us ad mentes hominum ad 
misericordiam incitandas: cf Cic. de Or. 
I, 12, 53. (N.B.—By no means movens, 
or commovens, absol.: v. Nagels. 1. c.) 
pathetically: flébiliter, misérabil- 
iter: v. PLAINTIVELY, PITEOUSLY. (Pa- 
thetice, Macr. 4, 6.—Not to be imitated.) 
F pathic (subs.): pathicus: Cat. 16, 2: 
uv. 


pathless: invius: p. woods, saltus i, 
Liv. 9, 14, med. Neut. pl. as subs.: 
through p. districts, per invia, Liv. 21, 
35. (Often = impassable.) 

pathology: “pathologia (quae di- 
citur). 

pathos: *pathos, tis, m. (Gr. wa8os- 
only to be used in critical language): 
now let us treat of the special features of 
p., nunc dicamus de habitu pathis, 
Macr. 4, 3, wit.. the hyperbole gives p., 
facit hyperbole p., ib. 4, », med.: pathos 
arises also from repetition, nascitur p. 
et repetitinne, ib. jim. (Usu. better 
expr. by affectus movere,etc.: the main 
secret of p. is that we be moved ourselves, 
circa movendos affectus summa in hoc 
posita est ut moveamur ipsi. Quint. 6, 2, 
26: what p. ts here! ‘quanta vis inest 
ad misericordiam movendam ! quanta 
ad fletum legenti movendum! cf. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 53, 228.) 

pathway : semita, callis: v. PATH. 

patienc?: patientia (endurance of 
hardship, suffering, annoyance, etc.) : v. 

542 





PATRIOTISM 


ENDURANCE. Phr.: to lose p., p. rum- 
pere, Suet. Tib. 24: cf. p. abrumpere, 
Tac. A. 12, 50 (which has however a 
diff. sense =to breale off submission). 
(N.B.-‘The word patientia is used by 
Christian writers to denote the Christian 
virlue of patience: Vulg. Luc. viii. 15, 
et pass.) 

patient (adj.): 1. patiens, ntis: 
most p. ears, patientissimae aures, Cic. 
Lig. 8, 24: more freq. foll. by gen. of 
that which is endured: e.g. patiens 
laboris (capable of enduring toil), Ov. 
M. 5, 611; p. sessoris equus, Suet. Caes. 
61. (Im class. Lat., the adj. usn. indi- 
cates faculty of endurance rather than 
any strictly moral virtue.) 9, tolé- 
rans, ntis (like preced., but always with 
depend. gen.): the ass is a very p. ani- 
mal, asellus plagarum et penuriae tole- 
rantissimus, Col. 7, 1, med. 

patient (subs.): aeger (strictly, masc. 
adj., but used in medical treatises irre- 
spective of sex): the patient nevertheless 
breathes easily, tamen aeger facile spirat, 
Cels. 2, 8, init.: ib. 3, 6, et pass.: cf. 
Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 12, ne aegri quidem quia 
non omnes convalescunt, idcirco ars 
nulla medicina est; where however 
aegri is strictly adj. So also aegrotus 
is sometimes used: this was the part of 
a resolute p., to take the medicine, quod 
ipsum erat fortis aegroti, accipere me- 
dicinam, Cic. Att. 12, 21, fin. (but aeger 
is preferred in medical practice). Or 
expr. by circuml.: tf the p. be a boy, si 
puer est qui laborat, Cels. 3, 7, 1: uf 
the frame of the p. who is being operated 
on is stronger than usual, si robustius 
corpus ejlis est qui curatur, id. 7, 26, 2. 
(N.B.—In speaking of female p.s spe- 
cially, Cels. appears always to use mu- 
lier or femina, nut aegra: cf. id. 4, 20.) 

patiently : 1. patienter: Cic. : 
Caes. Join: patienter et fortiter, Cio. 
Ph. 11, 3,7; p. atque aequo animo, Caes. 
Ish LOS Epa 2, toléranter: to bear 
pain p., t. ferre dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
18, 43. 8, tolérabiliter: Cic. Fin. 3, 
13,42. (These two latter words should 
be used only of patience in enduring 
hardship and pain: not of mere quiet 
waiting.) 

patois: diilectos or -us, i, f.: Suet. 
Tib. 56 (quum interrogasset, quaenam 
illa tam molesta d. esset). 

patriarch: patriarcha or -es, ae: 
the Twelve P.s, dnodecim P., Vulg. Act. 


vii. 8: Tert.: gen. pl., patriarchum, 
Paul. Nol. Ineccles. sense, Justin. Nov. 
7, pref. 


patriarchal: patriarchicus: Justin. 
Novel. 4, 1, init. 

patriarchally: *patriarchico more. 

patrician (adj.): patricius: Cic.: 

uv. 

Patrician (subs.): patricius: Cic. 
Mur. 4, 15: oftener pl.: see Liv. 1, 8, 
extr.: Cic. (Liv. also uses patres, for 
the patrician order: see Nieb. H. R. i. 
328, but is not to be imitated in this.) 

patrimony: patrimonium: a splen- 
did p., lautum et copiosum p., Cic. Kab. 
Post. 14, init.; p. ornatissimum, id. Sull, 
20, 58. See also INHERITANCE. Or by 
circuml. res paterna: Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 26. 

patriot: (civis) 4mans patriae: v. 
foll. art. 

patriotic: 4mans patriae: Cic. Att. 
g, Ty, ad fin. Phr.: to entertain the 
most p. sentiments, de republica prae- 
clara atque egregia sentire, Cic. Cat. 
pon Se 

patriotically : Phr.: p. to sacrifice 
private resentments, reipublicae (patriae) 
inimicitias condonare (donare), Cic. Ph. 
5, 18, 50. p. to disregard private in- 
terests, *pro summa erga patriam cari- 
tale privata negligere atque omittere: 
to act p., *patriae amantem civem se 
praebere: v. PATRIOTIC. 

patriotism: expr. by circum : 
amor in patriam, Cic. Sext. 22, 49; stu- 
dium in rempublicam (patriam), Sall. 
Cat. 49: patriae caritas, Nep. Ale. 5: 
cf. Cic. Off. 1,17, 57. Or expr. by verb: 
if p. be a crime, I have endured punish- 
ment enough, si scelesum est amare 











PATTERN 


patriam, pertuli poenarum satis, Cic. 
Sext. 69, 145. (N b.— No: amor patriug, 
which is paternal affection: Liv. 2, 5, 
Jin. : Cic.) 

patristic: Phr.: well read in p. 
lore, in Patrum ecelesiasticorum scrip- 
tis multum versatus. 

patrol (subs.): |. Uhe act: cir- 
cuitio (going the rounds): Liv. 3. 6, 
extr. I]. The persons: carcitdres er 
circuitores: Veg. Mil. 3, 8, ad fin. 

patrol («.): cireumeo or circueo, 4, 
irr.: the tribunes select the most trusty 
(soldiers) to p. the watch, tribuni pro- 
batissimos eligunt, qui vigilias cireum- 
eant, Veg. Mil. 3, 8, ad fin. 

patron: |. In Roman sense: pa- 
tronus: Cic.: Liv. I]. One who coun- 
tenances and protects : 1, patronus: 
the p. of any one’s interests, alicujus 
commodorum p., Cic. Agr. 3, 1, jin. 
(where the figure is that ot an advocate 
in court). 2. praeses, idis ( protector, 
guardian): p.and guardian of freedom 
(the tribune), pr. libertatis custosque, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15: p. (tutelary) deities, 
pr. dil, Tac. H. 4, 53, med. In same 
sense, pracsidium (abstr, for coner.): 
Hor. Od. 2, 1, 13 (insigne moestis praesi- 
dium reis) 3. poet. titéla: p. of 
Jtaly (Augustus), Italiae t., Hor. Od. 4, 
14, 43. Jo be the p. of, praesidére: 
Mars is the p. of aims, Mars praesidet 
armis, Ov. F. 3, 85: see also TO PATRON- 
IZE. lll. Of @ living: *patronus: 
v. DuC., s. v. (the most suitable term 
tor p. saint, is praeses: cf. supr. IL., 2.) 

patronage: 1, patrocinium (any 
relation analogous to that which a Ro- 
man patronus sustained to a cliens) : to 
enjoy any one’s p., alicujus p. uti, Sall. 
Cat. 41: less freq. pl.: Nep. Phoc. 3 
(utraque [factio] Macedonum patrociniis 
utebatur). 2, praesidium: v. PROTEC- 
TION, SAFEGUARD. (Patronatus, Us [extr. 
rare}, the condition of a patronus in Ro- 
man sense only: used in Mod. Lat. in 
eccl. sense: v. DuC.,s.v.) 3, clientéla 
(strictly the relation of a cliens to a 
patronus; hence, ingen. sense, patron- 
age, protection): to be under any one’s 
protection and p., in alicujus fide et c. 
esse, Cic. R. Am. 33, 93: poets under the 
p. of the Muses, poetae sub c. Musarum, 
Suet. Gr. 6. 4. expr. by patronus, 
praeses; esp. as abl. absol.: under the 
p. of the Queen, *patrona ac praeside 
Regina: v. PATKON, PATRONESS, Phr.: 
to bestow p. on, favére (with dat.): cf. 
Virg. G. 1, 18, adsis, O Tegeaee, favens! 
give me thy p., god of Tegea ! f 

patroness: 1, patrona: Join: 
patrona ac vindex [libertatis}, Cic. de Or. 
2, 48, 199. 2. praeses, idis, c.: Mi- 
nerva, p. of war, Miuerva, p. belli, Virg. 
Aen. 11, 483: cf. preced. art. 

patronize: 1. faveo,2 (not how- 
ever implying superiority: with dat.): 
v. TO FAVOUR. foveo, fovi, tum, 2 
(to cherish, countenance, encourage): he 
p.d men of genius and the arts, ingenia 
et artes fovit, Suet. Vesp. 18: to p. in 
every way, omnibus modis f., ib. Aug. 
89, fin. Phr.: @ prince ought to p. the 
arts, *artificia gratia et auctoritate sua 
sustentare Principem decet (K. and A.). 

patronymic; patronymicum nomen: 
Prisc. 2, 6 § 32. 

patten: (?) sculponea ferrata (scul- 
ponea is an ordinary clog or wooden 
shoe; worn by jarm labourers: Cato 
R. R. §9). 

patter: expr. by salio, crépito: cf. 
Virg. G. 1, .49, multa in tectis crepitans 
salit horrida grando. 

pattern: |. For imitation: exem- 
plar,exemplum: v. MODEL. Or expr. by 
circuml.: p. verses, versus qui ad imi- 
tationem scribendi proponuntur, Quint. 
1, 1, 35. (Not specimen in this sense: 
v.infr.I1L.) ||, Asample: exemplum 
[not exemplar]: Auct. Her. 4, 6, 

Ill. An admirable instance: tf 
spécimen, inis, n.: a p. of temperance 
and sugacity, temperantiae pruden- 
tiaeque s., Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 55: Liv. 
2. exemplar, aris: @ p. of anti 

uprightness, ex. antiquae religionis, 





a 


PASO Cl Ty 


PAY 





Oaec. 10, 28. Also exemplum: a p. of | 


integrity, innocentiae exemplum, id. de 
Or. 1, 53,229. Pbhr.: a man who is a 
p. of modesty and chastety, (homo) unde 

udoris pudicitiaeque exempla petuntur, 
Id. Deiot. 10, 28: a p. of integrity, cujus 
spectata [multis magnisque rebus] sin- 


gularis integritas, id. Vh. 3, 10, 26. | 


IV. A design for manufactures : 
*pictura descripta. 
paucity; paucitas: v. FEWNESS. 
paunch: ingliivies, ei (strictly, the 
crop of birds): v. MAW, STOMACH. 
auper: €gens, inops: V. DESTITUTE. 
(NB Not pauper ; which = Gk. revys, 
@ person in humble otycumstanices.) 
pauperism: ¢gestas, indpia: 
DESTITUTION. 
pauperize: *ad statum egentium 
redigere. 
pause (subs.): 1, intermissio; or 
by circuml. with intermitto: v. (NTER- 
MISSION. 2. intercipédo, inis, f. (not 
frequent): nop. (intermission) of worry, 


Vv. 


nulla int. molestiae, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61: | 


Plin. min. 3, expr. by subsisto, suti, 
3 (to make a p., come toa p.): to make 
ap. in spealcing, (in dicendo] s., Quint. 
5, 20: Vv. TO PAUSE. (Pausa obsol. : 
ucr.: Pl.) Phr.: to mark the p.s ina 
verse, versum distinguere, Quint. 1, 8, 1. 
eons (v.): 1, subsisto, stiti, 3 (to 
t, stop short): Quint. 4, 5, 20 (in di- 
cendo). 2. interquiesco, évi, étum, 3 
(to rest @ while before going on with 
anything) : when I had spoken thus far, 
and p.d a little, quum haec dixissem et 
paullum interquiessem, Cic. Br. 23, 91. 
3. expr. by intermitto, mlsi, ssum, 3 
(to discontinue Jor a time): not to p.in 
work for a moment, nullum omnino 
tempus ab opere int., Caes. B. G. 7, 24. 
pave: |, Lit.: 1, sterno, siravi, 
tum, 3: to p. a road with blocis of stone, 
viam quadrato saxo s., Liv. 10, 23, fin.: 
also absol., Cic. Att. 14, 15. (Not con- 
sterno in this sense: v. TO STKEW.) 
2. miinio, 4 (/o make a road ; render 
a place passable): Cic.: Liv. |]. Fig.: 
in phr. to p. the way for oneself : munire 
eibi viam ad aliquid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 25, 
64 (cf. Vell. 2,6, praemuniendae regalis 
potentiae gratia, for the sake of p.ing 
the way to the regal power); simly. 
sternere [alicui} viam, Stat. Th. 12, 813. 
pavement: 1. pavimentum (strict- 
ly, that which has been rammed down ; 
pavimentum festucis stratum, Plin. 36, 


25,61: but used in gen. sense; and in 


particular, of the ornamental p.s of 
houses, corridors, etc.) : a p. of a chequer 
p. scutulatum, Plin. |. c.: mosaic 
p-, p. vermiculatum, Lucil. in Plin. 1. c. 
(v. Mosaic): the p.s appear to be satis- 
Jactorily done, p. recte fieri videbantur, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, iit. Hence, pavimento, 
1, to furnish with a p.: a colonnade 
with a p. to it, porticus pavimentata, 
Cic.l.c. 2, perb. stratura (strictly, 
paving, as verb. subs. q. v.): the p. of 
an avea, (areae) s., Pall. 1, 40, init. 
(N.B.—Strata via [R. and A.] is a 
paved highway.) 
paver, pavior: pivimentarius : 
Inscr. 


pavilion: papilio, Onis, m. (a mili- 
tary tent, esp. of the Roman emperors: 
se called from a resemblance to the wings 
of the butterfly): he took his food in 
front of his p., cibum sumpsit ante p., 
Spart. Pesce. 11, init.: gilded p.s, aurati 
p., reb. xxx. Tyr. 16: Tert. (Or expr. 
by tentorium, etc.: v. TENT.) 

aving (subs.): stratira: p. of the 
hidhvays s. viarum, Suet. Cl. Pe o 
paving-stone: *saxum viis ster- 
nendis (utile): as prepared in blocks, 
saxum Guudratum: v. TO PAVE. 
pavior: Vv. PAVER. 

paw (subs.): pes, pédis, m.; they 
(bears) live by sucking their fore p.s, 
priorum p. suctu vivunt, Plin. 8, 36, 54 
§ 197. he term manus is also applied 
to the fore paws, ib. § 130: so Vulg. 
1 Reg. xvii. 37, Dominus qui me eripuit 
de manu leonis, etc. 


er depredations of beasts use rather 


(N.B.—Where the | 
word paw conveys a ref. ty the attacks | 





unguis, is, m.: cf. Hor. Od. 2, 19, 24, 
leonis unguibus borribilique mala : 
“those whom the grim wolf with privy 
p. devours” [Milt.|, *saevus furtivo quos 
lupus ungue raptos vorat.) 

paw (v.): Phr.: the horses p. the 
ground, pulsant pedibus tellurem, cf. 
Ov. M. 2, 155: cf. Virg. G. 3, 87, cavat 
tellurem [generosus equus} et solido 
graviter sonat ungula cornu: in same 
sense, terram ungula fodit, Vwg. Job 
xxxix. 24. (R. and A. give radere 
humum, which is rather, to skim the 
ground : cf. Virg. Aen. 3, 700.) 

pawn (subs.): pignus, dris and éris, 
N.: V. PLEDGE, SECURITY. ‘lo denote 
what is in p., pignératus, pigneraticius : 
v. foll. art. For a pawn in chess, perb. 
latrunculus (miles) gregarius : v. MAN(V). 

pawn (v.): 1, pignéro, 1: he p.'d 
a pearl to pay his travelling expenses, 
unionem pigneravit ad itineris impeusas, 
Suet. Vit. 7: Juv. So comp. oppignéro: 
to p. one’s books for wine, libellus pro 
vino op., Cic. Sext. 51, fin.: Mart. 2. 
expr. by pignus, dris and éris, n., with a 
verb: to p. one’s very self, (seipsum) 
opponere pignori, Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 85: ‘Ter. 
Ph. 4, 3, 56 (oppositus pignori = movt- 
gaged): pignori dare, Ulp. Dig. 13, 7. 1: 
also, pignori obligare (to pawn virtually, 
lay under the obligation uf such a trans- 
action), ib.: to receive in p., pignori ac- 
cipere, Tac. H. 3, 65. 3. vbligo, 1: 
v. TO MORTGAGE ; and cf. supr. (2). 

pawnbroker: perh. pignérator (one 
who takes a pledge for a claim): Cic. 
Verr. 3, I1, init. (where however the 
word does not denote a trade). Tobeap., 
*pigneraticium quaestum exercere. 

pay (subs.): esp. of soldiers: -tipen- 
dium : to give soldiers money for thetr 
p., militibus dare pecuniam in sti- 
pendium, Caes. B.C. 1, 23: to clamour 
for p. s. flagitare, ib. t, 87; that the 
daily p. should be a denarius, ut de- 
narius diurnum s. foret, Tac. A. 1, 26. 
See also HIRE, WAGES, GAIN. 

pay (v.): A, Trans.: |. To 
discharge a debt : 1, pendo, pépendi, 
pensum, 3 (gen. term): fo p. money, 
tribute, tax, to any one, alicui pecuniam, 
tributum, vectigal p., Cic.: Caes.: pass. 
Also comp. dépendo, di, sum, 3 (fo p. 
down) : Cic. : Col. 9. solvo, vi, itum, 
3 (mercantile term, to discharge an obli- 
gation): to p. any one a debt, pecuniam 
debitam alicui s., Cic. Clu. 12, 34: top. 
money to the day, pecuniam ad diem s., 
id. Att. 16, 16, A.: not to be able to p. 
one’s debts, solvendo aere alieno non esse, 
Liv. 31, 13. Comps. (1). exsolvo, 3 (to 
p. off or in full): to p. off debts, nomina 
exs., Cic. Att. 16, 6. Tac. A. 1, 36, extr. 
(legata exsolvi duplicarique). (2). dis- 
solvo, 3 (to p. off, discharge): to p. off 
debts by selling real property, aes alienum 
praediis venditis d., Cic. Sul. 20, 56: 
Caes. (3). persolvo, 3 (to p. in full): 
to pay off debts in full, aes alienum 
pers., Sall. Cat. 35: Suet. 3, ntiméro, 1 
(to count out; pay down in ready mo- 
ney) top. down large sums of money, 
magna pecuniam n., Caes. B.C. 3, 3: 
Cic. Comps. (1). adniméro, 1 (to p. over, 
into the hands of): Ter, Ad. 3, 3, 15: 
Cic. (2). diniiméro, 1 (without percep- 
tible diff. of meaning): Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 17. 

4, luo, i, 3 (rare and late in this 

sense): Curt. 10, 2, ad jin. (aes alienum 
1.): Cod. Theod.  §, repraesento, 1 (to 
p. down in ready money, instead of 
letting it lie on interest): Cic. Att. 12, 
25: cf. Suet. Ang. rol, quam summam 
(se. legatam] repraesentavit, i.e. he or- 
dered the legacy to be paid down at once 
(without waiting for his death). Il. 
To make payment to: Pbhr.: to p. 


troops, stipendium militibus numerare, | 


Cic. in Pis. 36, 88; persolvere (in full), id. 
Att. 5, 14; stipendio afficere exercitum, 
id. Bal. 27, 61. So with merces: v. supr. 
(1.); also, WAGES. Ill. Fig., to offer 
as due: Phr.: to p. praises and thanks, 
laudes gratesque agere, Liv. 7, 36, med.: 
Cic.: with habere (grates deis immor- 
talibus agere atque habere, Liv. 23, 11, 
extr.): also, grates persolvere, Virg. Aen. 


PEACE 





1, 600 to p.due lunour to the gods (by 
sacrifice), persolvere diis honurem, ib. 
8, 62: to p. one’s respects to any one, 
salutare aliquem, Sull. Cat. 28: Cic.: 
Hor.: v. TO RENDER. IV. Special 
Phr.: to p. the penalty, poenas dare (v. 
PUNISHMENT): also, pvenas [justas et 
debitas] solvere, Cic. Mil. 31, sin. ; poenas 
persolvere, etc. (V. PENALTY): & p. @ 
vow, votum solvere, Cic. Ph. 3, 4, 113 
reddere, id. Leg. 2, 9, 22: tw p. the debt 
of nature, naturae satisfacere, Cic. Clu. 
| 10, 29; naturae cedere, Sall. Jug. 14. to 
| p. any one in his own coin, par pari re- 
ferre, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55. . In- 
trans, : |. Zo meet one’s liabilities: 
pendo, 3 (elliptical constr.): to p. for 
Jodder, pro pabulo p., Plin. 12, 14, 32, 


Jjin.: or supply the ellipse: v. supr. 
(A= DL): Il. Zo be remunerative : 


perh. respondeo, 2 (to make a return): 
cf. Sen. Ep. 23, 4, vena [metalli] assidue 
| plenius responsura fodienti, i. e. which 
continually p.s better and better, for the 
labour of working: also, Virg. G. 1, 47 
( = to answer any one’s expectations of 
return). Or expr. by fructus, reditus: 
farms p. very well now, *agrorum hodie 
uberrimi sunt fructus, reditus: cf. Plin. 
Ep. 6, 3: land does not p. so well as it 
did, *imminuti sunt (minores sunt ho- 
die) agrorum reditus: cf. Plin. Lc. 

pay away: diniiméro, 1: Ter. Ad. 5, 
7,17. 

— down: niiméro, dépendo, ete. : 
v. TO Pay (L.). Top. down on the nail, 
(argentum) adnumerare illico, Ter. Ad. 
3,3, 15: V. NAIL (eztr.). 

—for: conduco, xi, ctum, 3: 
TO HIRE. 

—in: Phr.: to p. into a bank, 
perh. ad argentarium numerare atque 
deponere. 

— off: dissolvo, persolvo, etc.; v. 
TO pay (L.). 

— out: VY. TO REQUITE. 

payable: Phr.: a billp.at sucha 
date, *syngrapha quae ad .... [diem] 
solvi debet: v. TO Pay (A., I.). 

pay-day : dies (which when denoting 
an appointed day, is regularly fem.) : 
cf. Liv. 34,6, med., in eundem diem pe- 
cuniae ... publicani se conducturos pro- 
fessi erant (= day for payment accord- 
ing to contract). 

pay-master: 1, tribinus aerarins 
(to the troops): Varr. L. L. 5, 36, 181 
(quibus attributa erat pecunia ut militt 
reddant, tribuni aerarvi dicti): Cato in 
Gell. 7, 10: in later times, the duty of 
paying the troops fell to the lot of the 
quaestors (Dict. Ant. p. 1149). Or expr. 
by circuml., *qui militibus stipendia 
numerare (persolvere) debet Kr. gives 
dispensare pecuniam, from Nep. Cim. 4; 
but the phr. there denotes the function 
of treasurer or steward rather than pay- 
master. Q. dispensator (in a house- 
hold: a kind of steward): Varr. L. L. 
5, 36, 183: Suet. Vesp. 22. 

paymastership: ~* stipendiorum 
militibus numerandorum cura. 

payment : |, Act of paying: 
], sdlutio: p. of legacies, s. lega- 
torum, Cic. Clu. 12, 34: ready money p. 
being interfered with, s. impedita, id 
Man.7,19: Caes. 2, niimératio (rare): 
to demand p., n. exigere, Col. 1, 8, med. : 





v. 


Sen. 3, repraesentatio (cash p.): Cic. 
Att. 12, 31. (Or expr. by solvo, pendo, 


etc.: v. TO PAY, A.) Phr.: to stop p. 
(implying bankruptcy), foro cedere, Sen. 
| Ben. 4,39. |], Sum of money : pensio: 
Vv. INSTALMENT. 

pea: 14, pisum: Col. 2, 10, ad init.: 
Plin. (P. sativum, Linn.) 2. cicer, 
aris, n. (chick-p.): Hor. S. 1, 6, 114: @ 
parched p., frictum c., Pl. Bac. 4, 4, 7. 
Phr.: as like as two p.s, tam simile 
| quam ovum ovo, Sen. Apocol 11, 4. 
pea-green: perh. *priasinus (leek- 
| green): Plin. 37, 10,67: Petr. 

pea-soup: *jus ex pisis: v. SOUP. 

peace (subs.) : 1, pax, pacis, f-: 
to have p., p. babere, Cic, Att. 7. 14: lo 
live in p., pacem agitare, Sall. Jug. 14: 
to bring about p. between citizens, p. inter 
| elves conciliare, Cic. Fam. 10, 27: to offer 

543 





PEACE 


PECCADILLO 


PEDANTRY 





conditions of p., pacis conditiones ferre, | storm arose with loud p.s of thunder, 
Liv. 2, 13, init.: p. being concluded on | coorta tempestas cum magno fragore 


these terms, his conditionibus composita 
pace, ib.: p. was granted to Philip on 
these terms, p. data Philippo in has leges 
est, Liv. 33, 30, init.: they concluded p. 
on these terms, p. his legibus consti- 
tuerunt, Nep. Timoth.2. Hence, to make 
os for) p., pacificari, Sall. Jug. 66: 
iv. (N.B.—Notused =compact, treaty ; 
which is foedus: v. TREATY.) 9. 
Stium (poet.): p. with open gates, apertis 
otia portis, Hor. A. P. 199. See als» 
QUIET, TRANQUILLITY. Phr.: @ breach 
of the p., vis: the penalties for breach 
of the p., poena quae est de vi, S. C. in 
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4. fin.: to be guilty of a 
breach of the p. upon any one, vim 
afferre in aliquem, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 37: 
also, vim afferre, adhibere (v. VIOLENCE) : 
to bind over to keep the p., pecunia 
de vi cavere, ef. Caes. B. G. 6, 2 (ob- 
sidibus cavere de pecunia): leave me 
in p., omitte me! Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 53 *quin 
desinis mihi molestiam exhibere! (v. 
ANNOYANCE): p. to my patron’s ashes ! 
patrono meo ossa bene quiescant ! Petr. 
39: usu. with gen., ossa ejus bene quies- 
cant ! Inscr. in Burm. Petr. 1. c, (abbre- 
viated, © £.B.Q.): so, molliter (ejus) 
ossa cubent ! Ov. Her. 7, 162. 
peace (interj.): pax! Ter. Heaut. 2, 
3,49. See also HUSH! 
peaceable: pacis Amans (of persons), 
pacatus: v. PEACEFUL. 
peaceably: pacate. cum (bona) 
pace, nulla adhibita vi: v. PEACEFULLY. 
peaceful: |. Ima state of peace : 
], pacatus: a perfectly p. province, 
provincia pacatissima, Cic. Lig. 2, init. : 
Caes. Join: pacata tranquillaque [ci- 
vitas], Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 303 p. et quieta, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 24. 9, tranquillus, 
quiétus : Vv. TRANQUIL, QUIET. Il. 
Disposed to peace: 1, placidus (@ 
quiet, peace-loving temper): Join: 
clemens, placidus, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; 
p. mollisque, Cic. Caec. 10, 28. i 
pacificus : v. PACIFIC. 3, pacatus 
(strictly, in sense I.; but involving the 
present by inference): a p. style of 
oratory, oratio p. (opp. pugnax), Cic. Br. 
31, extr.: nothing amicable or p., nihil 
hospitale pacatumve, Liv. 21, 20, jin. 
4, of persons only, pacis amans 
(smator), cupidus, etc.: Vv. FOND OF. 
Ill. Relating to peace, bringing 
peace : 1, pacalis, e (poet.): the p. 
olive, p. oliva, Ov. M. 6, tor. 2. pa- 
cifer, éra, érum (poet.): Virg. Aen. 8, 
116 (p. ap) : Ov. 
peacefully : 1, cum bona pace: 
Liv. 28, 37, med.: ib. 21, 24, eatr.: also 
simply, cum pace, Cic. Mur. 15, init. 
9, pacaté: letr. 
peacefulness : 
TRANQUILLITY. R 
peace-maker: pacificus (adj.): 
blessed ave the p.s, beati pacifici, Vulg. 
Matt. v. 9: v. PACIFICATOR. 
peace - offering : 1. placamen, 
inis, m.: Liv. 4, 2, iit. (Coelestis irae 
placamina): also, placamentum: Tac. 
A. 15, 44: Plin. 9, piacilum (p/o- 
pitiatory sacrifice): to sacrifice (with) 
@ pig as p., porco piaculo facere, Cato 
R. R. 139: Cic. Leg. 2, 22, extr. (porco 
piaculum patz). 
peach: (malum) Persicum (?): Plin. 
15, 14, 14: the tree, *malus Persica. 
(#Amygdalus Persica: Cycl.) 
peaeh-colour: *puniceus (quidam) 
color, qualis Persici mali floris solet 
esse. 
peacock: pavo, Onis, m. Cic.: Plin. : 
male and female p., p. masculus (mas), 
femina: Col. 8, 10. Of ap. peacocks’-, 
pavoninus: p.s’ eggs, ova p., Col. |. c.: 
a fly-flap of p.s’ feathers, muscarium p., 
Mart. 14, 67, lem. Like a p. (p.’s tail), 
pavonaceus: Plin. 36, 22, 44. 
peahen: (pavo) femina: Varr.: Col. 
peak: |. Of a mountain : cact- 
men, inis, 2.; v. Tor, SUMMIT. — |], The 
panied extremity of anything: apex, 
cis, m.: V. TIP. 
peaked: *in apicem desinens. 
peal (subs.): tonitru, fragor, etc.: a 


544 


tranquillitas:  v. 





tonitrubusque, Liv. 1, 16, init.: ef. id. 
21, 58, init., tum vero ingentt sono coe- 
lum strepere, et inter horvendos fruyores 
micare ignes (v. THUNDER); the bells 
rang merry p.s, *sonabant campanae 
laeto concentu: a p. of bells, *cam- 
panarum series musicis gradibus dis- 
tincta: p.s of laughter, cachinni (v. 
LAUGHTER). 

peal (v.): sdno, 1 (gen. term): v. TO 
SOUND, RING. 

pear: pirum (pyrum): Cato R. R. 


4: Virg. The tree, pirus, i, f.: Virg.: 
Plin. 
pearl; 14, margarita: Cic.: Plin : 


rarely neut.: p.s darkish and discoloured, 
margarita subfusca et liventia, Tac. Agr. 
12. Hence; a dealer in p.s, margari- 
tarius, Inscr.: yielding p.s, margaritifer : 
€.g-, m. concha, Plin. 32, 11, 53 § 147: 
adorned with p.s, margaritatus: Venant. 

9. iinio, dnis, m. (a single large p.): 
Suet. Vit. 7 (ex aure matris detractus 
u.): Plin. Special kinds of p.s: elenchus 
(tapering and pear-shaped), Plin. 9, 35, 
563; tympanium (flat on one side), id. 9, 
35, 54 § 1093 physema, Atis (hollow, 
being imperfectly formed), ib. § 108. 
Mother of p., unionum conchae, Suet. 
Ner. 31. 

pearl-diver: *qui margaritas uri- 
nando petit: cf. Plin. 9, 35, 54. Or 
simply, margaritarius (having to do 
with pearls, dealing in them). 

— fishery: locus (pars maris) mar- 
garitis abundans: cf. FISHERY. Phr.: 
the principal p.s are in the Indian Ocean, 
Oceanus Indicus maxime margaritas gig- 
nit, cf. Plin. 9, 35, 54: the best p.s are 
in ...., creberrimae reperiuntur [mar- 
garitae]in ....: cf. id. 9, 35, 56. 

-— necklace: Phr.: to wearap., 
margaritis in linea uti, Ulp. (R. and A.); 
*inonile ex margaritis gestare . v. NECK- 
LACE, 

pearly : nearest words, gemmeus, 
gemmans: V. JEWELLED. If however 
colour is specially meant, use circuml. : 
p. neck, *collum eximio candore, qualis 
margaritarum solet esse. 

peasant: ], rusticus (a country- 
man, ignorant of town life) : Cic.: Hor. : 
y. Rustic. Also, rusticanus homo: Cic. 
Verr.2,1, 48, fin. 2, agrestis (a degree 
below rusticus; a peasant or boor) : 
mostly in pl.: Cic. Mur. 29, 61. 3. 
célonus (a farm-labourer) : Domitius 
had manned a fleet with slaves, Jreed- 
men, and p.s, Domitius naves servis, 
libertis, c compleverat, Caes. B. C. 1, 34: 
ef. Hor Od. 1, 35, 5, te pauper ambit 
ruris colonus, i.e. the poor p. farmer, 
(but the term includes farmers gene- 
rally: cf. Virg.G. 1,299). 4, paganus 
(late): v. VILLAGER. The p. class, qui 
in agris manuum mercede inopiam to- 
lerant, Sall. Cat. 37. 

peasantry: agrestes, ium: he as- 
sembles and arms the p., collectos armat 
a., Virg. Aen. 9, 11: v. preced. art. 

pease: pisum, cicer (as collect.): v. 
PEA. 

peat ; *solum ex putribus virgultis 
ceterisque nascentibus confectum (?). 

pebble: ], lapillus (a small 
stone): black and white p.s, nivei 
atrique 1, Ov. M. 15, 41: Plin. 2. 
calcilus (a gravel stone): to put p.s in 
one’s mouth, calculos in os conjicere, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261: Virg. 3. glo- 
bosum saxum (a round p.): p.s mixed 
with the sand (of the beach), gl. saxa 
arenae immixta, Liv. 38, 29. 

pebbly: 1, calctilosus: p. soil, c. 
ager, Col. 3, 7, med. 9, glareosus 
(gravelly): p. streams, g. rivi, Plin. 
26, 8, 56. 3, expr. by lapill, etc. : 
the stream runs down its p. bed, per 
coloratos decurrit unda lapillos: v. 
PEBBLE. 

peccability ;: *peccabilitas: only as 
theol. ¢. f. 

peceable: *peccabilis: only as theol. 


t.t. (Or by circum]. with pecco.) 
peccadillo; levius delictum: v. 
FAULT. 





jined to booles) : 





are Se ee 

peccant: peccans, peccator: noxius: 
Vv. GUILTY, SINFUL. 

peck (subs.) : médius (very nearly 
two English gallons): Cic.: Plin. 

peck (v.): vellico, 1: t/ vaven p.s the 
two vultures in turn, cornix vulturios 
vicissim v., Pl. Most. 3, 2, 148. Yo p. 
out, rostro eripere. Vv. TO PLUCK OUT. 

pectoral: pectoralis, e: the p. 
(breast) bone, os p., Cels. 8, 1. 

peculate: pécilor, 1: v. foll. art. 

peculation: péciilatus, ts: to be 
condemned for p., peculatus damnari, 
Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 13, 39: to practise p., 
p. facere, id. Rab. perd. 3, init. Yo be 
guilty of p., peculari (rare): Flor. 3, 17, 
med. (p. rempublicam): one who is so 
guilty, peculator, Cic. Off. 3, 18,73. See 
also TO EMBEZZLE, EMBEZZLEMENT. 

peculiar (adj.) : |. Belonging to 
one person or thing only: 1, pro- 
prius: not the p, fault of old age, non 
p. senectutis vitium, Cic. Sen. 11, init. : 
that was a p. feature in Tiberius, p. id 
Tiberio fuit, Tac. A. 4,19. Join: pro- 
prium et peculiare [alicui), Plin. 7, 25, 
26. 2. péculiaris (strictly, relating 
to private property): his own p. deity, 
proprius suus et peculiaris deus, Suet. 
Aug. 5: these things ave p. to Arabia, 
haec sunt p. Arabiae, Plin. 12, 17, 38. 

3. praecipuus (standing out from 

the rest): not a p. Wt, but one on a level 
with the rest, non p., sed par ceteris for- 
tunae conditio, Cic. Rep. 1, 4, med.: id. 
Sull. 3,9 (where it seems to be preferred 
to avoid repeating proprius). Il. Re- 
markable: praecipuus, singiilaris, etc. : 
Vv. REMARKABLE, 

peculiarity : propriétas ; or expr. 
by adj. proprius: v. FEATURE. Phr.; 
the natural p.s of a country, patrii ha- 
bitus locorum (poet.), Virg. G. 1, §2. 

peculiarly : praesertim, imprimis, 
etc.: V. ESPECIALLY. Phr.: having a 
mind p. constituted, *propria quadam 
mentis indole praeditus; quod illius 
ingenio proprium fuit. 

pecuniary: 1. pécuniarius: part 
ner un p. matters, rei p. socius, Cic. Am. 
40, 117: a p. penalty, p. poena. Ulp. 
Digg}, x, 2796: 2, pecinialis, e 
(extr. rare): Coel. Aur. (Freq. expr. 
by pecunia: v. MONEY.) 

pedagogue: |, In Grecian sense 
paedagogus : nurses and p.s, nutrices 
et p., Cic. Am. 20,74. II. 4 school- 
master : (ludi) magister: v. SCHOOL- 
MASTER. Also paedagogus is used as 
term of reproach: Suet. Ner. 37 (Thra- 
seae tristior et paedagogi vultus.) 

pedal : (?) pédale, is, 7. (Kr.). 

pedant: 1. (homo) ineptus (one 
who wastes his labour on trivialities): 
they look on him as a Greekified p., il- 
lum ineptum et Graeculum putant, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 51, 221: cf. post Red. in Sen. 
6, 14, habet autem magistros non ex 
istis ineptis, qui dies totos de officio 
ac de virtute disserunt. 2. scholas- 
ticus (late): holla! you p./ heus! tu 
scholastice, Apul. 2, p. 27. 3. perb. 
umbraticus doctor (strictly, an indoors 
teacher: hence, one whose study ts con- 
Petr. 2. Or expr. by 
various circumlocutions: (homo) ni- 
mium diligens atque subtilis; usque ad 
morositatem elegans; putida quadam 
doctrinae affectatione: cf. Niagels. Stil 
p. 30. 

pedantic; perh. putidus (offensive ; 
savouring of affectation): cf. Cic. Off. 
I, 37, 133, litterae neque expressae 
neque oppressae, ne aut obscurum sit 
aut putidum (i.e. indistinct and slo- 
venly or pedantically nice): or morosus 
(cf. PEDANTRY) : or by circuml., *nimium 
diligens atque subtilis : v. preced. art. 

pedantically : pitide, inepte; ni 
mia morositate: V. PEDANT, PEDANTRY. 

pedantry : 1, grammaticorum s. 
scholasticorum ineptiae : cf. PEDANT (1). 

2. morositas (over-fastidiousness : 

to be defined by context): by affectation 
and p. he obscured his style, affectatione 
et m. [nimia] obscurabat stilum, Suet. 
Tib. Jo. Similarly, molestia: Crassus 


had a Latin style which was elegamt 


* 
So ee 





PEDDLE 





without p., erat in Crasso Latine lo- 
quendi... .accurata et sine mwlestia 
diligens elegantia, Cic. Br. 38, 143: v- 
Nagels. p. 30. (N.B.—Pedantismus is 
used by some Latinists; but it should, 
at all events, be introduced with an 
apology: as, pedantismi vitium, -utamur 
enim [vernaculo] verbo, quum in Latina 
lingua non satis aptum huic rei nomen 
inveniamus: Rubnk. in R. and A.) 
peddle: v. ro Haws (iL). 
peddling (adj.): minutus: v. PETTY. 
Se deatal: 1, basis, is, f.: the p. 
a statue, statuae b., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
3, fin.: Phaedr. Q. st¥lébates or 
-a, m. (of a column): Vitr. 3, 3, fin. 
pedestrian (adj.) : 1, pédester, 
tris, tre: a p. statue, statua p. (opp. 
equestris), Cic. Ph. 9, 6, init. Fig.: 
p. (prosaic) muse, p. Musa, Hor. S. 2, 
, 17. (N.B—To be used with cau- 
tion: e.g., p. iter is not a pedestrian 
journey, but une undertaken by land: 
Vv. FOOT, ON.) 2. expr. by pédes, itis ; 
or pedibus: he took a p. tour through 
the country, regionem pedibus (pedes, 
nom. sing.) obiit, cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 88. 
pedestrian (subs.): Phr.: hewasa 
great p., *ambulandi (loca pedibus 
obeundi) studiosus erat: we overtook 
several p.s, *complures [homines, ado- 
lescentes] iter pedibus facientes conse- 


cuti sumus, 
pedicle: pédiciilus: v. sraLx. 
pedigree: stemma, tis, n.: what 


avail p.s? stemmata quid faciunt ? Juv. 
8,1: Sen. See also GENEALOGY. 
pediment : fastigium: Cic. de Or. 3, 
46, 180: Vitr. 3, 5, 12 (tympanum, Vitr. 
1. c., is the triangular space within the 


peel (subs.) : ciitis, tiinica: v. RIND. 

peel (v.): |. Trans.: Phr.: 
to p. an apple, *mali cutem s. tunicam 
resecare, cultello tollere: to p. off the 
bark of a tree, arborem decorticare, 
Plin. 16, 41, 80 (perb. better, arbori cor- 
ticem detrabere); arboris corticem de- 
squamare, id. 23,7.70. |, Intrans.: 
after fever the skin p.s off, *post febres 
desquamatur corpus; cutis ponitur: the 
flesh p.s off from the bones, recedunt ab 
ossibus carnes, Plin. 22, 8, 9. 

peeling (subs.): putamen, inis, n.: 
Plin. 22, 25, Jo (p. punici mali). 

peep (v.): inspicio, etc.: v. TO LOOK. 
To p. forth (as the sun, from clouds), 
ostendere se (R. and A.): cf. Virg. Aen. 
I, 127, summa caput extulit unda, he 
p.'d forth above the surface of the wave: 
also, Phaedr. 1, 2, 17, una tacite profert e 
stagno caput, one frog silently p.’d 
Jorth from the pond. 

peep (subs.): Phr.: just to get a p. 
at anything through a grating, quasi 
per transennam praeteriens aliquid stric- 
tim aspicere, Cic. de Or. 1, '5, 162: at 
p. of day, prima luce ; diluculo: v. Day- 
BREAK. 

peer (subs.): |. An equal: par, 
paris: when shall Truth find his p.? 
cui Veritas quando ullum inveniet p.? 
Hor. Od. 1, 24, 8: Lucan: v. EQUAL 
(subs.) ; MaTcH (L). I]. Title of no- 
bility: Phr.: the House of p.s, *conci- 
lium magnatum,; senatus patricius: pro- 
ceres. (in mediaeval Lat., pares: v. Du 
G(s. V:) 

peer (v.): |. Zo come in sight: 
expr. by se ostendere, caput proferre or 
efferre : v. TO PEEP. ||. Zo look care- 
fully: rimor, 1: v. TO PRY, 

peerage: “magnatum s. procerum 
dignitas. 


peerless : 1, Unicus: thou p. 
youth! puer unice! Ov. M. 3, 454: 
Cic.: V.UNPARALLELED.  Q, singiilaris 


(less strong than Eng.): v. REMARKABLE, 
INCOMPARABLE. (Or expr. by circuml., 
cui par inveniri non potest: v. EQUAL, 
subs.) 

peerlessly: unicé: Cic.: Hor. 

peevish : 1, stOmachosus (fret- 
ful): a somewhat p. letter, stomacho- 
siores litterae, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, jfin.: 
Hor. Ep. 1, «5, 12 (= pettish, choleric). 


9. amarus (sour-tempered): Cic. | full p.), Caes. B. G. 1, 12; pendere, Cic. | Ter. Cic. 
2N 


PENALTY 


Att. 14, 21: Vv, ILL-TEMPERED. 3. 
morésus (captious, hard to please): 
Join: morosi et anxii et iracundi et 


difficiles [senes], Cic. Sen. 18. 4, dif- 
ficilis: Vv. ILL.-TEMPERED. 
Peevishly : stOmichosé, mordsé: 
Cic. (for syn. v. PEEVISH). 
jpeevishness : 1. morositas : to 
fall into p., in m. incidere, Cic. Off. 1, 


25, 88. 9. stomachus (chagrin, irri- 
table temper): a letter full of p., epis- 
tola plena stomachi[et querelarum}, Cic. 
Q Fr. 3, 8, init. (Or expr. by adj.: v. 


PEEVISH.) 
peg (subs.): 1, cultellus ligneus: 
Vite 7s 3,22 2. clavus ligneus 


(eburnus, etc.): Scapula, s. v. ravaados. 
(Paxillus is a small stake: dimin. of 
palus: epign, orum, Isid. Or. 19, 19, 7, 
is a word of doubtiul meaning.) 

peg (v.): clavis ligueis (de)figo: v. 
TO FASTEN, 

pelf; perb. liicellum, mercédiila: v. 
GAIN. 

pelican: pélicinus: Vulg. Ps. ci. 7. 
(P. onocrotalus, Linn.) 

pelisse: *palla pellicia (-ea). 

pellet: globiilus, pilila: v. BALL. 

pellitory : Vv. PARIETARY. 

pell-mell (adv.): 1, effisé (spread 
out, without order) : to flee p., ef. fugere, 
Liv. 3, 22, fin.: to rush on (to the at- 
tack) p., ef. sese invehere, id. 30, 11, fin. 

2. passim (in all directions, without 

regular order): the rest of the multitude 
began to flee p., reliqua multitudo p. 
fugere coepit, Caes. B. G. 4,14. Phr.: 
horse and foot mixed up p., sine ordi- 
nibus equites pedites permixti, Sall. Jug. 
97: cf. nullo ordine, Caes. B. C. 2, 26. 


pellucid: pellicidus: v. TRANS- 
PARENT, CLEAR. 
pelt: J. Trans.: 1. lapido, 


1 (with stones: rare): Auct. B. Hisp. 
22: Flor. 9. expr. by jacio, conjicio, 
impingo <iapides, etc. in aliquem): he 
was p.d with turnips, rapa in eum jacta 
sunt, Suet. Vesp. 4: Vv. TO THROW. ll. 
Intrans.: Phr.: when the mingled 
wind and vain came p.ing in their 
Jaces, vento mixtus imber quum ferretur 
in ora, Liv. 21, 58, init.: the rain came 
p.ing down so violently, *adeo magna 
imbris vis dejecta est, cf. Liv. l.c.: v. 
foll art. 

pelting (adj.): Phr.: p. rain, effu- 
sus imber (poet.), Virg. G. 2, 3543 pro- 
saically, magnus, Maximus imber (heavy 
rain), Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86: *imber vehe- 
mens, vehementius cadens. 

pen (subs.): |, For writing: 1, 
calamus (strictly, of reed): to take up 
one’s p. (in order to write), c. sumere, 
Cic. Att. 6, 8. a good p., c. bonus, id. 
Q. Fr. 2, 15, b: to mend a p., *c. exa- 
cuere (the part. temperato, Cic. Q. Fr. 
l.c., refers only to atramento: ink pro- 
perly mized). 2, penna (a quill: 
late): Isid. Or. 6, 14, 3 (instrumenta 
scribendi sunt calamus et penna). 3. 
stilus (a #yle; strictly, for writing on 
waz tablets: may be used fig., but not 
lit. for Eng. pen): the p. is the best 
master of eloquence, s. optimus dicendi 
magister, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150: speeches 
written with an almost Attic p., ora- 
tiones paene Attico s. scriptae, id. Br. 
45, 167: Quint. Phr.: during these 
years many works came from his p., 
per hos annos multa scripsit [edidit- 
que}. Il. For cattle: septum, etc.: 
Vv. FOLD (1.). 

pen (v.): scribo, pango (of verse), 
etc.: V. TO WRITE, COMPOSE. 

penal : poenalis, e (legal term): by 
the p. law, ex lege p., Gai. Inst. 1, 128: 
p. service, p. opera, Plin. 18, 11, 29 9 112. 
Or expr. by poena: the p. code ts very 
barbarous, *poenae ex legibus consti- 
tutae saevissimae sunt. 

penalty: 1, damnum (esp. a fine; 
also in wider sense): whoever compelled 
the attendance of a senator by such a 
p.? quis unquam tanto d. senatorem 
coegit? Cic. Ph. 1, §,extr. 2. poena: 
esp. in phr., to pay the p., poenas solvere, 
Cic. Mil. 31, jfin.: persolvere (pay the 


PENETRATING 





Att. 11, 8; dependere, id. Sext. 97, 
med. : to inflict (lit. take) the p., poenas 
capere, Sall. Jug. 71; poenam de alique 
capere, Liv. 2, 5, med. 3. multa or 
miulcta (rare in gen. sense): Vv. FINE 
(subs.). See also PUNISHMENT. 

penance: “*satisfactio: Corp. Conf. 
p. ITI, ete. 

pencil (subs.): 1, pénicillus or -um 
(painter’s): Cic. Fam. 9, 22, med. Fig. 
give me Britain, to paint with your 
colours and my p., mibi date Britanniam, 

uam pingam coloribus tuis, p. meo, id. 

Mig ay holes 2. graphis, idis, /. 
(sketching pen or p.): Seren. in Diom. 
(the best word to denote a lead pencil ; 
the scientific name of kad for pencils 
being graphite). 

pencil (v.): *penicillo s. grapbide 
pingo, describo, designo. 

pendant: |. For the ears: sta- 
lagmium: Pl. Men. 3, 3, 18: Vv. EAR- 
RING. |], An ornament (esp. a pic- 
ture) occupying a dependant position 
with regard to another: *tabella quae 
majori tabulae supposita est. il. 4 
kind of flag: perh. vexillum. 

pending (adj.): Phr.: a suit still 
p., lis nondum judicata (R. and A.): te 
suit is still p., adbuc sub judice lis est, 
Hor. A. P. 78. 

pending (adv. or prep.): Vv. DURING. 

pendulous: pendiilus: Hor.: Ov. 

pendulum: *libramentum (Quich. ): 
prob. the most suitable word: Kr, gives 
perpendiculum (= plummet). 

penetrability: pénetrabilis natura: 
v. foll. art. 

penetrable: pénetrabilis,e: a body 
p. by no wound, corpus nullo p. ictu, Ov. 
| M. 12, 166: in prose, better with dat. 
(Or expr. by pénetro, 1: Vv. TO PENE- 
TRATE.) 

penetrate: 1, pénetro, 1 (either 
in strict physical sense; or = to make 
a way to): these particles cannot be p.d 
and so disintegrated, haec non possunt 
penitus penetrata retexi, Lucr. 1, 530: 
to p. the creeks of Illyria, Illyricos p. 
sinus, Virg. Aen. 1, 243: in prose, more 
properly foll. by prep., or adv. of place 
whither: they p.d within the rampart, 
intra vallum penetraverunt, Liv. 39, 31, 
med.: the reason of man has p.d the 
skies, hominum ratio in coelum usque 
penetravit, Cic. N. D. 2, 61, init. : where 
does not art p.? quo non ars p.? Ov. 
A. A. 3,291. 2. permano, 1 (strictly, 
as a fluid does, to ooze through: hence 
fig., of that which spreads quietly, im- 
perceptibly): the poison p.s into every 
part of the body, venenum in omnes 
partes corporis p., Cic. Clu. 62, 173: ¥. 
TO SPREAD. 3, pervado, si, sum (esp. 
to make way by force; also, in gen. 
sense): @ cohort of Spaniards pd as 
far as the rampart, cohors Hispanorum 
usque ad vallum pervasit, Liv. 26, 5, 
med.: no place whither the lust of our 
countrymen has not p.d, nullus locus 
quo non nostrorum hominum libido per- 
vaserit, Cic. Verr. 3, 89, init. 4, per- 
vénio, véni, utum, 4 (f0 make one’s way 
to, reach): V. TO ARRIVE. 5, descendo, 
di, sum, 3 (to sink down into): the 
weapon had not p.d deep into the body, 
ferrum haud alte in corpus descendisse, 
Liv. 1, 41, med.: Lucan: v. TO SINK. 

G. insinuo, 1 (with pron. refl., to 

work one’s way in): they p. between the 
squadrons of cavalry, inter turmas equi- 
tum se insinuant, Caes. B. G. 4, 33: Liv. 





penetrating (2d): __ |. In phy- 
sical sense : 1, pénetralis, e (poet.): 
p. cold, p. frigus, Lucr. 1, 495 ib. 2, 


382 (ignis). Q. pénetrabilis, e (also 
poet. in this sense): p. lightning, p. 
fulmen, Ov. M. 13, 857: p. cold, p. frigus, 
Virg. G. 1, 93- 3. iiciitus, acer (best 
epithets of cold for prose) V. KEEN. 4. 
(of impressions on the senses) Aciitus, 
acer: v. KEEN, SHRILL, PUNGENT. (Or 
expr. by verb: V.TO PENETRATE.) —[I, 
Mentally : ], sagax, acis (lit. sharp- 
scented): most p. to suspect, sagacissi- 
mus ad suspicandum, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 9. 
9, perspicax, dicis (lit. keen-sighted) : 
See alao aCbTE. SHREWD. 
545 


PENETRATION 


PEOPLE 





penetration: 1. acies, ei: with 
ingenil, menus: cf. Cic Ac. 2, 39, init., 
nalia a, ingenii tanta quae penetrare in 
coelum possil. 2. aciimen, inis, 7. : 
Cic. Nep.: v. ACUTENESS. 3, saga- 
citas (keen-scentedness ; keenness at 
finding out things): Cic. Phr.. aman 
of the greatest p., homo ingenio pru- 
dentiaque acutissimus, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 
180: he possessed remarkable p. in fore- 
casting the future, d- tuturis callidissime 
conjiciebat, Nep. Them. 1, extr. 

peninsula; paeninsila: Liv. 26, 42, 

Jjin.: Plin. 

peninsular: expr. by paeninsila; 
or name the particular p.: the P. war, 
*bellum quod in Hispania gestum est; 
b. Hispaniense 

penitence: poenitentia: v. REPENT- 
ANCE. 

penitent (adj. and subs.) : expr. by 
poenitet: v. TO REPENT. 

penitential: Phr.: p. tears, *la- 
crimae quas poenitentia (peccaturum) 
excitat ; lacrimae a pvenitentia (pecca- 
torum) ortae; the p. Psalms, Psalmi 
*poenitentiales, qni dicuntur. 

Penitentiary: *poenitentiarium, 
quod dicitur [hoc est locus in quo male- 
fici homines vel mulieresimpurae emen- 
dandorum morum causa custodiuntur ]. 
the term is needful to avoid a cumbrous 
circumlocution. Comp Du Cange, s. v. 
poenitentiarius. 

penitently ; poenitenter: Min. Fel. 
Oct. 26, init.: or expr. by modal abl. : 
p. to confess sins, *peccata cum vera 
poenitentia fateri: v. REPENTANCE. 

pen-knife: scalprum (librarium): v. 
KNIFE (2). 

penman: Phr.. to be a good (neat) 
p., bene ac velociter scribere, Quint. I, 1, 
28: compvsitissimis et clarissimis lite- 
rulis uti, cf. Cic. Att. 6, 9, init.: v. foll. 
art. 

penmanship: (cura) bene ac velo- 
citer scribendi: Quint. 1, I, 28: cf. 
HAND-WRITING, 

peMane perh. vexillum: v. BAN- 

pennon NER. 

penniless: égens, Inops. v. DESTI- 
TUTE. 

penny: nearest terms, as, 
assis, m. (at the time of the second Punic 
war = ome ounce of copper, the weight 
of a penny, old coinage: later, used for 
a coin of insignificant value, vilis as, 
Hor. S. ¥, 1, 43): v. Dict. Ant. s. v. 

 numus (sestertius): strictly, 

one fourth of a denarius, nearly two- 
pence English: also used to denote a 
small sum (the unit of commercial 
calculations): i agrees to a p., ad 
numum convenit, Cic. Att. 5, 21, ad 
fin.: not a p. more, haud numo am- 
plius! Pl.: the full form also occurs, 
Sen. Ep. 95, 59 (sestertio numo aesti- 
mare). More precisely, numus sester- 
tius dimidiatus. (N.B.—Denarius is 
nearer to a shilling.) 

penny-royal: puleium or pulé- 
gium: Cic. Fam. 16, 23, jim.: Plin. 
(*Mentha pulegium, Linn.) 

—weight: *unciae pars vicesima. 

pensile: pensilis, pendiilus-: v. 
HANGING. 

pension (subs.): perh. *annuum 
emeritum (strictly, only of soldiers) : 
cf. Mod. Dig. 49, 16, 3 § 8, qui militiae 
tempus in desertione implevit, emerito 
privatur (i.e. his bounty on being dis- 
charged). Phr. to give any one a p., 
*annuo beneficio, annua liberalitate ali- 
quem sustentare, juvare (Kr.); *annua 
meritorum ergo alicui praebere, cf. Suet. 
Tib. 50: if as a mark of honour, *annua 
alicui in honorem [honoris causa] prae- 
bere. 

pension (v.): Phr.: to p. troops, 
militibus ob emeritam militiam annua 
praebere, cf. Suet. Cal. 44 (commoda 
emeritae militiae) to p. off an old ser- 
vant, *aliquem ob diuturnum minis- 
terium annuis donatum dimittere: cf. 
preced. art. 

pensioner: *(bomo) cui [ob merita, 
militiam exactam s. emeritam] annua 
praebeniur: comp. preced. artt. 

546 








pensive: perh. tristior- more fully, 
tristior, utpote in cogitationibus defixus : 
cf. MEDITATIVE. 

pensively: expr. by adj. (see L. G. 

343): V PENSIVE. 

pensiveness: Phr.: there was a p. 
about his demeanour, *nescio quid triste 
prae se ferebat, tanquam in cogitationi- 
bus defixus esse svleret. 

pent up: 1, inclisus: fo pour 
forth, p. up hatred, inc. odium effundere, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 7. 2, cdariatus (con- 
Jined within narrow limits): p. up in 
towns, in oppidis c. [Pompeius], Cic. 
Att. 7, 10: V. TO CONFINE, COOP UP. 

pentagon: pentagonum (-on), -ium: 
Auctt. de Limit. Goes. pp. 36. 257. 

pentagonal: quinquangilus : Prisc. 
de Fig. Num. extr. p. 1358, P. (or by cir- 
cuml., *pentagoni formam habens). 

pentameter : pentaméter, tri (sc. 
versus, which may of course be expr.): 
Quint. 9, 4,98. Diom. 

pentateuch: prntateuchus, i, m.; 
or -on, i, m.: Tert.: Hier. 

pentecost: pentecosté, és, f.: Vulg. 
Act. ii. 1 (dies Pentecostes) ert. 

pentecostal: pentécostalis,e: Tert. 

pent-house : vinea (for sheltering 
besiegers): Caes.: Liv.: V MANTELET. 
In gen. sense, perh. tugurium parieti 
appositum (R. and A.). 

penult ; paenultima (sc. syllaba, 
which can of course be expr.): Gell. 
anys 

 aultimata : paenultimus (last but 
one): Aus. Ecl., Quot. Kal. 

penumbra: *paenumbra, quam di- 
cunt astronomici. 

penurious: parcus, ténax, sordidus: 
V. NIGGARDLY, MISERLY. 

penuriousness: ténacitas, etc.: v. 
NIGGARDLINESS. 

penury: égestas, Indpia: v. DESTI- 
TUTION. (Pénuria is a dearth of some- 
thing, the thing of which being in gen, 
case: V. SCARCITY.) 

peon; the foot socalled, paeon, dnis, 
m.: Cic. Or. 64, 218: Quint. 

peony: paednia: Plin. 27, 10, 60. 
(*P. officinalis, Liun.) 

people (suwbs.): |. 4 community : 
populus: the p. of Rome, Alba, etc., 
p- Romanus, Albanus, etc.: Cic.: Liv.: 
pass. (N.B—Never with dependent 
gen. of the place.) Belonging to the p., 
publicus (v. PUBLIC): on behalf of the 
p., by authority of the p., publice; opp. 
privatim: Caes. B. G. 5, 55, extr.: ema- 
nating from the p., calculated to please 
the p., popularis (v. POPULAR). The 
comm p., plebs: Vv. PLEBEIAN. See also 
toll. art. |]. Persons, generally: 1. 
hémines (which however may be left 
unexpressed when indicated by masc. 
termination of adj.. L.G. § 339): many 
p., multi, plerique, Cic. Inv. 1, 36: et 
pass. Q. expr. by 3 pers. pl. of verb; 
or pass. impers.: the tormer chiefly in 
such phrr. as, aiunt, p. say; narrant, 
p.tell: the latter in various general state- 
ments: not without reason do p. say, 
non sine causa dicitur, Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 60 
(where dicunt might stand): p. are igno- 
vant, ignoratur, Lucr. 1, 113; p. lok 
with disfavour on men’s self-aggrandize- 
ment, invidetur commodis hominum ip- 
sorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 207. lll. 
Colloq. a man’s servants, retainers, etc. : 
my p., your p., mei, tui: Plin. Ep. 1, 4, 2. 
Collectively, familia can be used (the 
entire establishment of slaves) : V.SLAVE. 

——, common: 1. plebs, plébis, 
J.; plebes, éi, 7. (the plebeian order: 
also, esp. in later Lat., the lower orders 
generally) : V. COMMONALTY. Join: 
plebs et infima multitudo, Cic. Mil. 35, 
95. Dimin. plebecula (term of contempt, 
dregs of the common p.): Cic. Att. I, 16. 

Q, rare, popellus (dimin. of populus : 
term of contempt). Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 65. 

8. vulgus, i, m. (rarely, m.): the 

lower classes; the common herd: v. 
MULTITUDE (III.), RABBLE. 

people (v.) : |. To dwell in: in- 
cdlo, 3: Vv. TO INHABIT. Il. Zo stock 
with inhabitants: fréquento, 1: to p. 
the world with a new stock, mundum 








PERCH 


prole nova f., Col. 10, 213: Cic. Off. 2, 4 
15 (urbes sine hominum cvetu non po- 
tuissent nec aedificari nec fr itart) : 
but the verb strictly denotes, to jill with 
inhabitants, not merely to pluce inha- 
titants in a country. See foll. art. 

peopled (part.): Pur.: well or 
densely p., frequens: Sall. Jug. 78, ewtr.: 
more precisely, incolis frequens: cf. Liv. 
31, 23, med., frequentia aedificiis loca: 
in same sense, celeber (bris), Auct. Her. 
2, 4, 7: the country is very thicnly p., 
hominum est infinita multitude, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 12: the earth is but thinly p., 
habitatur in terra raris {et angustis| in 
locis, Cic. Rep. 6, 19: *pro magnitudine 
terrae exiguus est incolarum numerus. 

pepper: piper, éris, n.: Hor. Ep. 2, 
1,270. Fig. of an acrimonious person, 
piper non homo, Petr. 44 (popter aspe- 
ram acremque dicendi libertatem, Burm. 
ad l.). The plant, *»iperis arbor, Linn. 
Seasoned with p., peppered, piperatus: 
Petr. : Col. 

pepper-box: *piperis pyxis (). 

peppermint: ~*mentha piperata 
(Linn.). 

pepper-wort : pipéritis, idis, f. : 
Plin. 20, 17, 66 (p. quam et siliquastrum 
appellavimus). 

peppery: pipératus: both lit. (= 
seasoned with pepper), Petr. 36, init. ; 
and fig. (= hot, pungent), Sid. Ep. 

peradventure: fourte: v. 
CHANCE, 

perambulate: pérambilo, 1 (to 
walk or travel over): Varr.: Hor. See 
also TO TRAVERSE, TRAVEL OVER. 

perceivable: Vv. #ERCEPTIBLE. 

perceive: |, Zo receive impressions 
by the senses: 1, sentio, si, sum, 4 (to 
be sensible of, immediutely): to p. the 
various colours of objects, varios rerum 
s. colores, Lucr. 4, 493: to p. smells, 
odores s., id. 1, 299: not to p. the su eet- 
ness of food, suavitatem cibi nou s., 
Cic. Ph. 2, 45, 115. 2. percipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3 (to receive into the mind, by 
the senses as @ means of communioae 
tion) : that which can neither be p.d by 
the eyes, nor the ears, nor by any sense : 
quod neque oculis neque anribus neque 
ullo sensu percipi potest, Cic. Or. 2, 8 

3, cerno, 3 (with the eyes; to dis- 

cern): more precisely, oculis cernere, 
Cic. Clu. 24, 66: v. TO SEE. I]. Zo 
observe, notice, understand:  ], sentio, 
4 (constr. with acc., ace. and inf., rel. 
clause, or abl. with de): never, as far 
as Ihave p.d, nunquam, quod quidem 
senserim, Cic. Am. 27, 103: we p.d there 
uas no danger, nihil esse pericli sen- 
simus, Hor. 8. 2, 8, 58: when the enemy 
pd (became aware of) their departure, 
hostes posteaquam de profectione sen- 
serunt, Cues. B. G. 5, 32. 2. animad- 
verto (animum adverto), ti, sum, 3: v. 
TO OBSERVE. 8. intelligo, lexi, ctum, 
3 (to become aware): he p.s that his ex- 
hortations are not attended to, cogita- 
tiones suas non audiri intelligit, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 42: Sall. Jug. 11, imit.: v. TO 
UNDERSTAND. 4, video, 2: Vv. TO SEE 

percentage: (rata) portio: v. PRO- 
PORTION. 

perceptible: Phr.: there is no p. 
difference between them, *nullo modo 
inter se discrepant, quod quidem sentiri 
possit: barely p. to the ear, *quod 
auribus vix percipi possit. 

perceptibly: *ita ut (quod) cerni 
possit: v. TO PERCEIVE. (Sensim = very 
gradually ; so as to be barely percep- 
tible.) ® 

perception: |. The uct of per- 
ceiving : expr. by percipio, etc.: to dis- 
cuss the mode of p., *quemadmodum 
sensibus res percipiantur quaerere: the 
Epicurean theory of p., *Epicuri de rebus 
sensu percipiendis doctrina: V. TO PER. 
CEIVE. il. Lntellectual discernment ; 
esp. of the propricties of things ; perb, 
sensus (communis): cf. Hor. S. 1, 3, 66 
(communi seusu plane caret). 

perceptive: perh. *perceptivus . 
only as philos. ¢ t. The p. powers. 


sensus ! V. SENSES. 
perch (subs.): |. For birds: 1. 


PER- 





PERCH 


PERFECTLY 


PERFORM 





tica (transversa): Col. 8, 10 Varr. 

ay 24 Gaile (avium). Varr R.R. 3, 5. 

ad fin. ||, For measuring land: per- 

tica. Scriptt. Rei Grom. UW. Avish: 

perce Plin. 9, 16, 24. (*P fluviatilis, 
L. 


perch (v.): 1, insido, sédi, ssum, 
3 Wo alight on): v. TO seTTLe. With 
correl. insideo, 2 (to retain the position 
indicated by insido): cross pieces of wood 
for the birds lo p. on, iransversar per- 
ticae quibus insideant (aves), Col. 8, 10. 

Q, résido, 3 (strictly, to rest on the 

hind quaiters): a raven p.'d on a tall 
tree, corvus celsa residens arbore, Phaedr 
I, 13,4. 3, assidu, 3 ( top. on or near 
something): that the birds may be able 
to see where to p., ut aves videre possint 
ubi assidant, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, init. 4, 
assilio, 4 (lo hop and so p. on anything): 
Col. 8, 11, ad init.: also, supersilio, 4: 
id. 8, 3, ad fin. Phr.: places for birds 
to p. on, sedilia avium, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 
ad fin. 

perchance: forté: esp. si forte, 77 
perchance : if p.any one of you wonders, 
si quis vestrum f. miratur, Cic. Div. Verr. 
I, 1: Caes. Also, nisi turte, wnless per- 
chance: unless p. J am mistaken, nisi f. 
animus me fallit, Sall. Cat. 20° Cic. 50, 
lest p., ne forte, Pl.. Cic. Poet. fors: 
uf p., si fors, Virg. Aen. 12, 183. 
to be confounded with fortasse 
PERHAPS.) 

percolate: 1. permano, 1 (to ooze 
through): Lucr. 1, 349. 2. expr. by 
percolo, 1 (to cause to pass or strain 
through : hence, pass. refl. = to p.): wt 
(the soil) suffers the rain top. and pass 
through, imbres percolat atque trans- 
mittit, Plin. 18, 11,29 § 110: ef. Lucr. 2, 
473- 3. éluctor, 1 (to force a way 
through and out: poet.): Virg. G. 2, 244 
(of water). 

percolation; percolatio (filtration) : 
Vitr. 8, 7, jin. (Or expr. by verb: v. TO 
PERCOLATE. 

percussion: ictus, us: Lucr. 5, 240: 
Vv. STROKE. Or sometimes, concussus, 
ts; ef. Lucr. 5, 161. Or expr. by verb: 
instruments of p., *organa musica quae 
percussa sonitum dant: v. TO STRIKE. 

perdition : intéritus, exitium, etc. : 
V. RUIN, DESTRUCTION, 

peregrinate: péregrinor, I: v. TO 


Vv. 


TRAVEL, : : ad 

peregrination: péregrinatio: v. 
TRAVEL. 

remptorily : 1, praecisé: to 


refuse any one p., alicui pr. negare, Cic. 
Att. 8, 4: opp. sub conditione, Ulp. Dig. 
36, 3, I § 20. 2. legal term, pire 
= sine conditionibus). ib.§17. Phr.: 
to refuse p.; sine fuco et fallaciis negare, 
i. e. without mincing matters, in plain 
downright terms : Cic. Att. 1, 1, wit. 

peremptory : |. In law, decisive, 
bringing the matter to a clear issue; 
péremptorius’ Ulp. Dig. 5, 1,70 (edictum 
P., quod inde nomen sumpsit, quod peri- 
meret disceptationem): Gai. I], tn 
ord. sense Pbhr.: to give ap. refusal, 
sine ulla exceptione negare, Cic. Att. 8, 
4 (see also preced. art.): ho! you are p. 
enough, hem! satis pro imperio (sc. lo- 
queris)! Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 19. 

perennial : 1, pérennis, e: p. 
water-springs, p. aquae, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 
107. Liv. Plin.: Hor. 2. jiigis, e 
(unfailing ; esp. as epith. of water): 

. water, J. aqua, Cic. N. 1). 2, 9, fin.: Hor. 

also PERPETUAL, EVERGREEN. 

perennially: pérenniter: August. : 
Sid. See also CONTINUALLY. 

perfect (a7.): |, Complete in 
every part, lacking nothing: 1. per- 
fectus: the universe is p. in every way, 
seeing it eminaces all things, mundus, 
quoniam omnia complexus est, p. un- 
dique est, Cic. N. D. 2, 14, 38. more fully, 
perfectus expletusque omnibus suis nu- 
meris et partibus, ib. 2, 13, extr : the 
compiete and p. orator orator plenus 
atque p., id. de Or. 1, 13, extr : nothing 
p. in every part, nihil ex omni parte p., 
id. Inv 2, 1,3. Join: perfectus com- 
pletusque, id. Or. 50, 168: perfectus et 


absolutus [et omnes numeros habens: 


(Not | 


a Stoical phr.}, id. Off. 33,14. 2, ab- 
sdlitus a book p. un every rexvect, liber 
omnibus numerts absolutus, Fiin. kp. 9, 
38 ct. supr. (usu. found in connexion 
with some other word). 3. plénus 

ap. numer numerus p., Cic. Rep. 6, 12 

ct.supr.(1) v COMPLETE. 4, intéger 

Vv ENTIKE, I]. Characteri:ed by the 
highest excellence : 1. perfectus 

nothing more p. in its lend chan (our) 
actors, histrionibus nihil in sao genere 
perfectius, Cic. Or. 31, 109. y. im every 
kund of speech, in omni genere sermonis 
p., id. de Or 1, 9, 35° absolutely p., 


2, abséliittus (acc. to Kr. indicating 
especially, inner excellence, while per- 
fectus points rather te outward com- 
pleteness and finish): he parnted a hero 
of most p. execution, pinxit leroa abso- 
lutissimi operis, Plin. 35, 10, 36 § 74. 
Phr.: theve is no une if them uho is 
not p. in his art, nee q tisquam eorum 
est, cui quicquam in arte sua deesse 
videatur, Cic. de Or. 3, 7, 26: no one 
absolutely p., nemo 1% quo nihil aut 
desideretur aut reprehendatur, Quint. 10, 
2, 9 an absolutely p. artist, arufex 
| adeo excellens ut nihil possit ultra, cf. 
Cic. Att. 15. 1, B (oratio scripta elegan- 
tissime sententiis, verbis; ut nihil possit 
ultra) @ p. scholar, (homo) pertecte 
planeque eruditus, id. Br. 81, 282; abso- 
lute doctus, Suet. Gr.4. — [|J,_ 1 moral 
sense, without faults or sin: perfectus 
ef. Cic. Off. 1, 15, intt., vivitur non cum 
perfectis hominibus. or expr. by cir- 
cuml., no one ts Lorn p., vitiis nemo sine 
| nascitur, Hor. S. 1, 3,68: man is be- 
lieved to have been created p. * homo 
peccatis expers creatus esse creditur. 

IV. Thorough, having all the cha- 
racteristics of: 1, germanus (genuine, 
unmistalable): ap. master of this art, 
g. bujus artis magister, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 
160: Iknow 1 am a p. (regular) ass, 
scio Me asinum g. esse, id. Att. 4, 5° 
the sense is even more adequately expr. 
by superl.s a p. Stoic, germanissimus 
Stoicus, id. Ac. 2. 43, 132. 2. absi- 
litus: p. blackness, abs. nigritia, Plin. 
Io, 22,29. 93, mérus (sheer, wndtluted, 
nothing but): to relate p. prodigies, m. 
monstra nuntiare, Cic. Att. 4, 7- 4, 
vérus: V. TRUE, REAL. V. In gram- 
mar the p. tense, (\empus) praeteritum 
perfectum: Quint. 1, 6,26. (N.B.—Not 
simply, perfectum ; which may refer to 
the future perfect as well as the past.) 

perfect (v.). perficio, absolvo, 3: 
Vv. TO FINISH, COMPLETE. Phr.. to p. 
oneself in any branch of knowledye, 
*uberiore alicujus rei scientia se im- 
buere: perfectam absolntamque alicujus 
rei cognitionem assequi. 

perfection |. Completeness : 

perfectness 1, ab-dlatio: virtue 
is defined as the perfection of reason, 
virtus rationis abs. definitur, Cic. Fin. 5, 
14, 39. Join absolutio perfectioque, 
id. de Or. 1, 28, fin. 2, integritas (out- 
ward or bodily entireness, whereas ab- 
solutio indicates inner ideal complete- 
ness): perfectness of body, int. corporis, 
id Fin.5,14,eztr. (Or expr by verb v 
PERFECT, II. fin.) ||, Highest excellence: 

1. perfectio. more adequately, optimi 
perfectio atque absolutio, Cic. Br 36, 
137: cf. supr. (1., 1). 9. absdlitio: 
Vv. supr. 8. expr. by summus, ex- 
trémus, optimus: p. in all things to be 
aimed at rises by many degrees, ex- 
tremum om:ium appetendorum multis 
gradibus adscendit [ut ad summum 
perveniat], Cic. Fin. 5, 14, fin. Ill. 
Last degree; esp. ironical: that is the 
p. of stupidity, *hoc est germanissimae 
stultitiae : v. PERFECT (LV.). 

perfectly: |. Inaper/ect manner. 

1, pertecté Cic. Br. 81, 282 Gell. 
who has superl.). 2, absdluté: Suet. 

r. 4(abs.doctus). 3, plén@ v. FULLY, 
COMPLETELY. Il. Quite, thoroughly : 

1. absdlaté p. equal, [perfecte] 
abs.que pares, Cic. Ac. 2, 17, extr so 
| that it may be more p. plain, ut abso- 
lutius liqueat, Macr. S. 5. 2, 15. med. 

Q. perfecté (to be used with care, 








(summus et] perfectissinu:, ib. 1, 3.) 


! as the word carries with it sense L) 
Cic. v. supr. (1L., 1). 3, plane (alto 
gether, totally): Ter. Cic. 

perfectness: V PERFECTION. 

perfidious. perfidus, perfididsus 
V. TREACHEROUS, UNFAITHFUL. 

perfidiously : pertidiosé . Cic. 

| Suet. Less treq. perilde Sen. Contr; 

| Gell - v. TREACHEKOUSLY. 

perfidiousness ¢ prr!idia : 
perfidy { Suet. v 
| ERY 

erforate: 1. perforo, 1 (to make 

| @ hole through) Cie. in Quint. 8, 6, 47 

(navem pertforare in qua ipse naviges’ - 
Plin. Q. iérebro, 1 (with a gumlet or 

| some such instrument): Cato Col.. Ov. 

Phr.: the shield was found pd with 
230 holes, inventa sunt in (scuto) fora- 
mina ccxxx., Caes. B.C. 5,53 p.d with 

Jew holes, toramine pauco (tibia), Hor. 

| A. P. 203. 

perforated (part. and adj.): 1, 
perforatus (with a hole bored through): 

p. beryls, berylli p., Plin. 37, 5, 20. 

2. foraminatus (/ull of holes): 

Sid. In same sense, foramirusus, lert, 
(Better, foraminibus creber, muita fora- 
mina habens, multis f. distinctus; the 
last with the notion of ornament.) 


Cic.: 
TREACH- 


perforation: |. The act: expr. 
by verb: v. TO PERFORATE. Il. The 
hole: fOramen, inis, n.: Caes.: Hor.: 


Vv. TO PERFORATE, fin 
perforce: vi (modal abl.), per vim: 
v. Force. Phr. if they should attempt 
to cross p., si se invito transire cona- 
rentur, Caes. B. G. 1, 8. 
perform: |. To carry out, accom- 
plish ; usu. with ref. to that which is 
incumbent on any one: 1, praesto, 
stiti, stitum, f. part. -aturus, 1. (to make 
good, discharge). I shall have p.’d my 
duty to the state, ego meum reipublicae 
officium praestitero, Caes. B. G. 4, 25: 
whatever you promise him, I will p.; 
quamcunque ei fidem dederis pruestabo, 
Cic. Fam. 5, 11, fin.: Liv. 2. ex: 
séquor, citus, 3 (to carry out, fulfil): 
to p. all the functions of a king, omnia 
regis officia ex., Cic. Sen. 10, 34: v. TO 
EXECUTE (l1., 1). So, perséquor, 3 (to 
carry on to the end): Ter.: Cic. 3. 
fungor, nctus, 3 (with abl.): to p. one's 
duty, f. officio, Cic. Coel g, 21: 1 will p. 
the part of a whetstone, fungar vice cotis, 
Hor. A. P. 304- 49 p. religious rites, 
sacris f., ib. 224. So, perfungor, 3 (lo 
p. completely): Cie 4, perficio, 3 
(to finish, p. completely): to see tu it 
that tasks are p.'d, curare ut opera per- 
ficiantur, Cato R. R. 2: Cic.: v. TO ac- 
COMPLISH, FINISH. 5. périgo, égi, 
actum, 3: to p. any one’s bidding, man- 
data alicujus p., Ov. M. 7, 502: lo p. 
Funeral rites, justa p., Plin. 2, 10g, 112. 
Phr.. to p. religious services, rem di- 
vinam facere, Cato R. R. 5: Ter. Eun. 3, 
3,7: Cic.: also, sacra facere (usu. with 
ref. to certain special rites, whereas, 
rem divinam facere denotes worship of 
the gods in the most general sense), 
Cic. Bal. 24, 55: Liv. 5,52 !acio is also 
used absol. when sacred rites : eve being 
p.’d on behalf of the people, quum pro 
populo fieret, Cie. Att. 1, 13> also, 
operari ; with p. part. operatus, in Ime 
perf. sense = en: ged in ping sacred 
rites: e.g. operatus his sacris, Liv 1, 
31, fin.: and absol., Virg. G. 1, 339: 
Hor.;: to p. funeral rites, justa solvere, 
conticere, etc.: vV. FUNFRAL (subs.), 
|]. 70 act a play or a part in one- 
igo, egi, actum, 3. fo p. a play, a. fa- 
bulam, Ter. Ad. prol. 12. to p. the prin- 
cipal part, primas partes agere, id. Ph. 
prol. 27. Top. from begumning to end, 
peragere, Cic. Sen. 19, 70. (N-B—Ago 
is not used absol.) Phr. he ts aware 
it is Roscius that ts p.ing, in scena 
Roscium esse intelligit, Cic. Br. 84, 289 : 
it was no disgrace Co p. (lit. appear) on 
the stage, in scenam prodire nemini tuit 
turpitudini, Nep pref. nev comedies are 
being p.d, novae prodeunt comooliae, 
Pl. Cas. prol. g. the play vas p.'d in 
the consulate of ... ., edita ffabula) .. 
| Coss., Ter. pref. Andr. etc, (edita, given 
547 








PERFORMANCE 








to the public, namely by the Aediles: 
the fact of perfurmance is denoted by 


acta. ib.). ; 
performance: |. Act of dis- 
charging : 1. functio: the p. of a 


task, muneris f., Cic. Verr. 3, 6, 15. 
Also, perfunctio (to the end): id. 2: 
exstcatio: Tac. Plin. (Oftener expr. 
by verb a promise is one thing and p. 
another, * aliud est promittere; aliud 
promissa praestare: on account of the 
faithful p. of duty, *ob munus dili- 
genter fideliterque peractum : Vv. TO PER- 
FORM.) Il. 4n exhibition of a dra- 
matic kind; expr. by verb: during the 
p., dum fabula agitur: there will be a p., 
agetur fabula. v. TO PERFORM. 
performer: Phr.: tobe a good p. 
on the flute, commode scienterque tibia 
[tibiis] cantare, Nep. pref.: p.s on the 
stage, qui in scenam prodeunt: v. TO 
PERFORM (II.). See also ACTOR, PLAYER. 
perfume (subs.) : 1, ddos or 
ddor, Gris, m.. bathed in liquid p.s, per- 
fusus liquidis o., Hor. Od. 1, 5, 2: to 
burn p.s, odores incendere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 
18, extr. 2. unguentum: v. OIL. 
8. anima (rare in this sense): 
O delicious p.! O suavis a.! Phaedr. 
3,1, 5. 
perfume (v.) : 1, SdGro, 1 (infreq. 
except in p. part.): Ov. M. 15, 734: Col. 
See also PERFUMED. 2, suffio, 4 (by 
burning aromatic or other substances) : 
Vv. TO FUMIGATE. Phr.: to p. a place 
with various scents, locum variis odori- 
bus inficere, Sen. Vit. Beat.11, 3; odores, 
unguenta, flores spargere, cf. Suet. Ner. 
31: to p. one’s head with fragrant oii, 
caput odorato unguento perfricare, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 25, 62. (Odoribus imbuere, 
given by Kr., must be used with cau- 
tion; as it implies a tincturing or satu- 
rating of the substance of anything with 
perfume: cf. Hor. Ep. 1. 2, 69.) 
perfumed (part. and adj.) ; unguen- 
tatus (with unguents): curled and p. 
locks, cincinni crispi, ung., Pl. Truc. 2, 2, 
35: Cat. In sim. sense, unguentis 
affluens (streaming with unguents), Cic. 


Sext. 8, init.; unguentis delibutus, 
Phaedr. 5, 1, 12. 
pe er: 1, unguentarius (dealer 


in unguents) : Cic, Off. 1, 42, 150: Hor. 
To keep a p.’s shop, unguentariam taber- 
nam exercere, Suet. Aug. 4. 2, my- 
ropola, ae, m. (Gr. pupomwAns): Pl. 
3, ddorarius: only in Gloss. (odo- 
Tarius, apwiatomwaAns). 
pe ery: unguenta, odores: v. 
PERFUME (subs.). 
perfunctorily ; parum diligenter, 
negligenter : Vv. NEGLIGENTLY. 
perfunctory: negligens, parum di- 
ligens, etc. v. NEGLIGENT. 
perhaps: 1, fortassé (= it may 
be so): p. some one may say, f. dixerit 
quispiam, Cic. Sen. 3, 8: that p. we have 
mot achieved; but at any rate, we have 
very often tried, id nos f. non perfeci- 
Tus, conati quidem saepissime sumus, 
Cic. Or. 62, 210: Caes. Ironically: ah! 
you are slow of comprehension.—Per- 
haps, Hui! tardus es. — Fortasse, Ter. 
Heant. 4, 5, 29. 2. forsitin (like 
preced., but less strong, indicating a 
lower degree of probability : about = 
Eng. possibly : usu. with subj.) : p. some 
greater art would be requisite, major 
ars aliqua forsitan esset requirenda, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 45,189: Ter. (N.B.—Forsitan 
should not be used with indicative un- 
less it may be regarded as a sentence in 
itself, inserted parenthetically : cf. Cic. 
Lig. extr., longiorem orationem causa 
forsitan postulat; tua certe natura bre- 
viorem, the case itself [it may be] calls 
for a longer speech; your natural dis- 
position certainly for a shorter one.) 
Abbreviated forsin (poet.): p. too it 
will be a pleasure one day to remember 
this, forsan et haec vlim meminisse ju- 
vabit, Virg. Aen. 1, 203: Hor.: Ter. 
3, after si, nisi, ne, num: forté: v. 
PERCHANCE. (N.B.—Fortasse and forsi- 
tan or forsan are used independently, 
where forte would either signify by 
chance or be without meaning alto- 
54 


PERIODICALLY 


PERJURY 





gether. Forte can only be rendered 
perhaps when dependent on the particles 
mentioned.) 4, fors (poet. = forsi- 
tan): Virg. Aen. 2, 139: Hor. Also 
used after si: v. PERCHANCE. 5. 
where hesitation of mind is to be ex- 
pressed = I am inclined to think it is 


| s0, use haud scio an, nescio an, with 


subj.: a man the wisest and p. the most 
excellent of all, vir sapientissimus et 
haud scio an omnium praestantissimus, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11 (R. and A.). 

perigee; expr. by circuml., when the 
moon is in her p., *ubi luna proxime a 
terra abest: v. NEAR (adv.). 

peril (swbs.): péricilum, discrimen 
(imminent and critical): v. DANGER. 

peril (v.): in periculum voco, etc. : 
v. TO ENDANGER, HAZARD. 

perilous: périciilosus, anceps, etc.: 
Vv. DANGEROUS. 

perilously : 
GEROUSLY, 

period : |. A stated number of 
years, days, etc.: numerus annorum, 
spatium annorum (temporis): Tac. A. 
6, 28 (concerning the Egyptian period of 
the Phoenix). Also, numerus temporis, 
Cic. Tim. 9, jim.; spatium temporis, 
Caes. B. G. 6,18. Phr. a year its a 
complete solar p., annus est, sol ubi suum 
totum confecit et peragravit orbem, Cic. 
Tim. 9, med. jj. In chronological 
sense: tempus, aetas: Vv. AGE. lil. 
Time indefinitely: tempestas (esp. fre- 


périctlosé : v. DAN- 


quent in Sall.), tempus: v. TIME. IV. 
End: finis, terminus: v. END. To put | 


a p. to, finio, 4: to put a p. to one’s toils, 
labores f., Hor. Od. 3, 4, 39: to put a p. 
to one’s life, vitam [voluntaria morte] 
f., Plin. 6, 19, 22. v. TO TERMINATE. 
V. A complete sentence: périddus 

or -os, i, f. (Gr. mwepiodos): a p. has at 
least two members, habet p. membra 
minimum duo, Quint. 9, 4, 125, et sqq.: 
along p., p. longior, id. 11, 3, 53. (N.B.— 
Not used by Cic., except as Gk., cf. id. 
Or. 61, 204, quem Graeci zrepiodov, nos 
tum ambitum, tum circuitum, tum com- 
prehensionem, aut continuationem, aut 
circumscriptionem vocamus ; but in cri- 
tical lang., it is often better to follow 
Quint., who notices the various at- 
tempted synonyms of Cic., Inst. Or. 9, 
4, 124.) Phr.: to recite a very long p. 
without taking fresh breath, longissi- 
mam verborum complexionem uno 
spiritu volvere, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 182 : 
to avoid long p.s, longam verborum con- 
tinnationem fugere, Auct. Her, 4, 12, 
18: harmonious, well defined, rounded 
ps, arguti, certique, et circumscripti 
verborum ambitus, Cic. Or. 12, 38. 

periodic: as epith. of style: (oratio) 
vincta atque contexta, Quint. 9, 4, 20 
(opp. to oratio soluta, the free, running 
style of conversation or letters, Aé&cs 
eipowevm); genus eloquendi (scribendi) 
conversum atque  circumscriptum, 
Aquila Roman. in Kenrick’s Herod. 
p. xl.: ef. Cic. Or. 12, 38. 

periodical (adj.): i.e. recurring at 
intervals:  , status ( fixed, recurring 
at definite periods): the p. (fixed) 
courses of the stars, 8s. siderum cursus, 
Plin. 18, 29, 69 § 291: esp. in connexion 
with tempus: Liv.: Plin.: v. PrRiopI- 
CALLY. Q, sollennis (sdlennis, sollem- 
nis, sdlemnis): i.e. coming round once 
every year: Join: sollenne et statum 
(sacrificium], Cic. ‘usc. 1, 47, 1133 sta- 
tum ac [prope] sollenne in singulos 
annos, Liv. 3, 15, med. 3. périddicus 
(extr, rare): fevers which the Greeks 
call p., febres quas Graeci p. vocant, 
Plin. 20, 3,8: pure Lat., febres statae, 
id. 28, 8,28; quae circuitu quodam re- 
deunt: V. INTERMITTENT. Phr,: p. 
literature, *libelli ii qui statis temporibus 
(statis diebus) e prelo prodeunt, ema- 
nant: p. winds, venti qui certo tem- 
pore anni flant, Gell. 2, 22. 

periodical (subs.): *libellus diur- 
nus, hebdomadalis, menstruus, etc. as 
the case may be. See also JOURNAL, 

periodically : temporibus statis 
Liv. 28, 6, med. (=at fixed intervals, 


opp. to temere); stato tempore, Plin. 11, ! 








37, 653; certo tempore (anni), Gell. 2, 22, 
ad fin, See also INTERMITTENT. 

periodicity : expr. by circuml., v 
PERIOD, PERIODIC. 

peripatetic: péripatéticus: the p. 
school, secta p., Jol. 9, 3° Gell. 

periphery : 1. périphéria (of a 
circle): Mart. Cap. See also crrcum- 
FERENCE. 2. périmetros, i, f.: Vitr 
5, 6, init.: Front. 

periphrastic : *périphrasticus; per 
periphrasin dictus. 

periplus: périplus, i, m. (Gr. ze- 
pitAovus): Plin. 7, 48, 49 § 155. 

perish? 1, péreo, 4, irr. (most 
gen. term): the whole army would p., 
totum exercitum periturum, Nep. Epam. 
7: cities p. from their very foundations, 
p. funditus urbes, Hor. Od. 1, 16, 9: they 
threw themselves into the river and p.'d 
there, se in flumen_praecipitaverunt 
atque ibi perierunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 15. 
In asseverations, may I p., if .... 
peream, si ..... Ov. H. 16 (17), 183: so 
dispeream, Hor. S. 1, 9, 47. Less. freq. 
is comp. dépéreo, 4 (to p. completely) : 
a great part of that army has utterly 
p-'d, illius exercitus magna pars deperiit 
Caes. B. C. 3, 87: Cic. Q. intéreo, 4, 
irr. (strictly, to be lost ; comp. Cic. Fin. 
3, 14, init., interit [= disappears] mag- 
nitudine maris Aegaei stilla muriae- 
whereas pereo is to come to an end, be 
absolutely destroyed) : the crops p. (lost 
among the weeds), int. segetes, Virg. G. 
I, 152: in gen. sense, to p. by famine or 
sword, fame aut ferro int., Caes. B. G. 5, 
30. 8, occido, di, casum, 3 (to fall, go 
to ruin; be cut off}: to p. by the sword, 
ferro oc., Virg. Aen. 2, §81: so, in proelio 
(proeliantem) oc., Cic. Fam. 9.5. Join: 
occidere et exstingui, Cic. N, D. 2. g, 23. 

4. pass. of exstinguo, nxi, nctum, } 
(to cut off utterly) : a (whole) house has 
p.d utterly, gens ab stirpe exstincta est, 
Liv. 9, 34, med.: Cic. Join: exstingui 
atque tolli [of the laws), Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 5. 
&, intercido, di, 3 (mostly poet, = 

intereo) ; he was an augur; his name 
has p.d with length of years, au 
erat ; nomen longis intercidit annis, Ov. 
F. 2, 443: Plin. 

perishable: 1. expr. by circuml.: 
p. commodities, *quae cito corrum- 
puntur; *quae diutius incorrupta ser- 
vari non possunt ; *quae facile pereunt: 
Vv. TO SPOIL, PERISH. 2. fragilis, e 
(frail, easily destroyed: a word suited 
only for elevated style): an eternal soul 
animates the p. body, f. corpus animus 
sempiternus movet, Cic. Rep. 6, 24: p. 
nature, f. natura, Lucr. 1, 582. 3. 
cidiicus (soon falling away, frail, fleet- 
ing: like preced., suited only for ele- 
vated style) the p. and feeble body, 
corpus c. et infirmum, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 
g8:Ov Join: mortalis et caducus, id. 
Rep.6, 17; incertus, caducus, mobilis, id. 
Ph. 4, 5, fim. See also FRAIL, FLEETING. 

perishableness: sometimes, fragi- 
litas: v.‘FRAILTY. See preced. art. 

peristaltic: *péristalticus : only as 
med. ¢. t. 


, 
> 


peristyle: périst}lium: Suet. Aug. 
82: Vitr. Also, peristylum : Varr. R. R. 
3, 5, med.: Aus. 

periwig: capillamentum : Suet. Cal. 
Il: V. WIG. 

periwinkle: |, Vhe plant: vinca 
pervinca (or as one word): Plin. 21, 11, 

*Vinca major, minor Linn.) — If. 

The shell-fish : perb. pectunciilus: Plin. 
(*Turbo littoreus : Linn.) 

perjure: péjéro or prrjiiro, 1 (to p. 
oneself): Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108 (where the 
texts vary): more tully. verbis con- 
ceptis p. (i. e. after formally taking the 
oath or declaration prescribed by law), 
id. Clu. 48, 134. See also PERJURY 

perjured: perjirus whut is the dij- 


ference between a liar and a p. man, 


quid interest inter mendacem et p.? 
Cic. R. Com. 16, init.: Virg.: Hor. 
perjurer : perjirus (homo) : v. pre- 
ced. art. { 
perjury: perjirium . to be guilty of 
p. p. tacere, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108: to be 
tempied to p, ad p. perduci, id. R. Com. 








PERK 


PERPETUATE 


PERSECUTE 


ee 


16, 46. To commit p., péjéro or perjiiro 
(¥. TO PERJURE): he who is accustomed 
to lie has learnt how to commit p., qui 
mentiri solet, p. consuevit, Cic. R. Com. 
l.c. 
perk (v.): i.e. to hold up the head 
with affected briskness (Johnson) : 
“ Kdward’s miss p.s it in your face,” 
(Pope), * Edouardi meretrix incedit vo- 
bis per ora superbiens. 
permanence: sometimes, stabilitas: 
who will be able to trust in the p. of 
ortune, quis poterit fortunae stabilitate 
contidere ? Cic. Tuse. 5, 14, 40. Or expr. 
by verb: to give yreater p. to the laws, 
*quo leges diutius maneant atque va- 
leant: v. TO REMAIN, ENDURE, 
permanent: ditturnus, manstrus, 
etc.: V. LASTING. 
permanently: perpétuo: Caes. B. G. 
J, 31, med, See also, CONTINUALLY, 
ALWAYS. 
permeable: v. PENETRABLE, 
permeate: permano, i: ¥. TO PENE- 
TRATE, PASS THROUGH. 
permissible: expr. by licet, etc.: 
Vv. LAWFUL. 
rmission : chiefly in certain phrr. : 
(i.) to, give p.: (1). permitto, misi, ssum, 
3 (with dat., either absol. or foll. by 
subj. with ut): he would not have quitted 
me had I not given him p., neque dis- 
cessisset a me, nisi ego ei permisissem, 
Cic. Fam. 13, 71: p. being given either 
-.. OF ..., permissO ut seu... Seu..., 
Liv. 34, 31: also (esp. in later writers) 
with infin.; v. TO PERMIT. (Hence, 
issio [v. rare], with abl. permissu ; 
act of giving p. or authority: e. g. 
by p. of the law, permissu legis, Cic. Agr. 
2, 14, 35: and in same sense, p. part. of 
permitto, used as subs.: I avail myself 
of the p., utor permisso, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 45. 
But both verb and verbal subss. denote 
something beyond the Eng., viz. sanction, 
authorization: cf.ll.cc.) (2). potestatem 
facio, 3 (absol.; or foll. by ger. or ger. 
part.) : Vv. LEAVE, subs. (11.). (3). sino, 3: 
¥. TO PERMIT, ALLOW. (ii.) to asl p.: 
expr. by verb = ask, with licet, independ. 
clause: they asked p. to do it with his 
consent, rogare, ut ejus voluntate id 
sibi facere liceat, Caes. B. G. 1, 7. 
ag with my, your .... p.: (1). expr. 
per me, te .... (licet): but if this 
cannot be done with Cratippus’s p., 
ain hoc non licet per Cratippum, Cic. Off. 
3,1, 33: you may snore if you please, 
with my (full) p., per me vel stertas 
licet, id. Ac. 2, 29, 93. (2). when some- 
thing is said needing to be prefaced 
with an apology: with your p., bona tua 
venia (dixerim); etc.: v. LEAVE, subs. 
(jin.). (3). concerning permissu tuo, 
etc., v. supr. (i., 1). (4). concessu (im- 
plying grace on the part of the person 
permitting): by his p. and bounty, illius 
c. et beneticio, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, extr.: ct. 
id. Tim. ext. (concessu atque munere 
Deorum). (iv.) without (any one's) p.: 
expr. by invitus, in abl. absol. constr. : 
if they attempted to cross without his p., 
8i se invito transire conarentur, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 8: without (your) father’s p., 
invito patre, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 20. (v.) to 
have any one’s p.: expr. by licet, 2 
(impers.}: if (they) had your p., si per 
te liceat (illis), Caes, B.G.5, 30: youhave 
my p., per me licet: v. supr. (iii., 1). 
permissive: Phr.: a p. measure, 
*lex quae permittit non autem im- 
perat. 
permit: 1, sino, sivi, situm, 3 (to 
allow, suffer): usu. foll. by infin. ; also, 
esp. when in imperat. mood, by subj., 
mostly without ut: they do not p. wine 
to be imported to them, vinum ad se im- 
portari non sinunt, Caes. B. G, 4,2: he 
would not p. the comitia to be held, se 
comitia haberi non siturum, Cic. Q. Fr. 
2, 6, fin. : p. me to clear myself, sine me 
expurgem, Ter. Andr. 5, 3, 29. Also 
absol. : J will not brook it, will not suffer 
it, will not p. it, non feram, non patiar, 
non sinam, Cic, Cat. 1, 5, 10. 2. per- 


Mitto, misi, ssum, 3 (to grant powers | 


for doing something): tor constr. v. 
PERMISSION (i.). Phr.: if one is p.'d to 





| conjecture, si conjectare permittitur, 
| Plin. 4, 14, 28: on being p.’d, permisso 


(abl. absol, impers.): Liv. 34, 31, tit. 
8. concédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (usu. de- 
noting an act of grace: V. TO CONCEDE, 
GRANT): also in gen. sense, esp. a8 pass. 
tmpers.: they are not p.d to speak on 
public affairs, de republica loqui non 
conceditur, Caes. B. G. 6, 20: Hor. Ep. 
1,5,12. 4, expr. one ts p.'d, by licet, 
fas est: v. LAWFUL. Phr.: 1/ J may be 
p.'d to say so, bona tua venia dixerim: 
V. LEAVE, subs. (fin.). 
permutation: perh. permutatio : 
or expr. by verb; to jind out how many 
p.s the letters are capable of, *reperire 
quot rationibus litterae mutato inter se 
ordine digerantur. 
pernicious: pernicidsus: p. laws, 
leges p, Caes. B. C. 1,7: Cic. See also, 
INJURIOUS, DESTRUCTIVE. 
perniciously : pernicidsé : Cic. 
peroration: péroratio: épilogus: 
Cic. Br. 33, fin. (ejus peroratio, qui epi- 
logus dicitur): both terms are also used 
by Quint. (Inst. Or. 6, 1, “ de perora- 
tione,” § 7); but peroratio is preferable, 
as being free from ambiguity. Other 
synonyms are, conclusio (orationis), Cic. 
de Or. 2, 19, 80: Quint 6,1, 1: and cu- 
mulus, Quint. ib. Zo deliver the p. of a 
speech, perorare, Quint. 11, 1, 61: but in 
Cic. = to bring a speech to an end ; ct. id. 
Att. 4, 2, odio et strepitu senatus coactus 
est aliquando perorare (= to wind up). 
perpendicular (adj.): _ 1, directus 
(straight, in gen. sense): a ditch with p. 
sides, fossa d. lateribus, Caes. B.G. 7, 72: 
more precisely, directus ad perpendi- 
culum, ib. 4, 17 (directe, adv. : Long.). 
2. perpendiciilaris, e (late; and to be 
strictly confined to geometrical lang.) : 
Front. Goes. p. 32. Phr.: to make 
strictly p., ad libellam (perpendiculum) 
dirigere, Vitr. 3, 4 (3), 5- 
perpendicular (subs.) : cathétus, i, 
SF. (Gk. xa@eros): Vitr. 3, 5 (3), 6. Or, 
linea perpendicularis: v. Front. Goes. 
p. 32. (Perpendiculum is a plumb-line.) 
perpendicularly: 1. directe ad 
perpendiculum: Caes. B. G. 4, 17 (ed. 
Long.). 9, recté: Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20 
(opp. to oblique): for which Lucr. has, 
rectum, Nat. Rer. 2, 217. 8, ad li- 
neam: to be carried down p., deorsum 
ferri ad 1., Cic. Fin. 1,6, 18: Plin. Also, 
recta linea (rectis lineis, of a number of 
objects): Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40. 
perpetrate: admitto (usu. with in 
and pron. rejl.); less freq., committo : 
perficio (scelus perficere, Cic, Clu. 68, 
jin.); facio (scelus nefarium facere, id. 
de Or. I, 51, 220): v. TO COMMIT; and 
ORIME. 
perpetration: expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art. 
perpetrator: expr. by rel. clause: 
the p.s of crimes, *qui nefaria scelera 
fecere; in se admisere ; etc.: v. TO PER- 
PETRATE, COMMIT. 
perpetual: 14, sempiternus: the 
p. courses of the stars, 8. stellarum cursus, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 24: true friendships are p., 
verae amicitiae s. sunt, id. Am. 9, 32. 
2, pérennis, e (lasting on from year 
to year): the p. courses of the stars, 
stellarum perennes cursus, id. N. D. 2, 
21, 55: incessant and p. motion, conti- 
Nuata motio et p., id. Tusc. 1, 10, extr. 
Join: also, perennis et perpetuus, Cic. 
NED Slee 8, assiduus (in less exact 
sense): v. INCESSAxT. (N.B.—Perpetuus 
denotes that something goes on without 
interruption, so long as tt goes on at all 
= unbroken, continuous : only in later 
authors = perpetual: v. INCESSANT.) 
perpetually: 1. a ae (with- 


out leaving off): Caes. B. G. 7, 41: Cic. 

2, semper: v. ALWAYS. See also 
INCESSANTLY. 

perpetuate: 1, continuo, 1 (to 


carry on continuously): to p. a ma- 
gistracy (viz. the decemvirate, which was 
properly for a time only), magistratum 
c., Liv. 3, 35, med.: Cic. Fl. 11, 25 
(libertas usque ad hoc tempus conti- 
nuata permansit, has been p.d to this 
day). Q. expr. by circuml., to p. his 





power, *quo dominationem suam diu- 
turnam (sempiternam) fuceret: by the 
most distinguished memorials to p. the 
memory of one’s name, amplissimis mo- 
numentis consecrare memoriam numinis 
sui, Cic. Q. Fr. 1.1, 15, eztr. (Scarvely, 
perpetuare, in this sense: Hor. has 
ueternare in aevum, Od, 4, 14, 5; but 
the phr. is unsuited for prose.) 

perpetuity: perpétuitas (unbroken 
continuation): cf. Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23, 
malus custos diuturnitatis metus; con- 
traque benevolentia fidelis vel ad per- 
petuitatem (= for the whole of life). 
Phr.: for a p., in perpetuum, Liv, 3, 
38: V. CONTINUALLY, 

perplex: 1. distriho, xi, ctum, 3 
(to draw the mind in different direc- 
tions): Lam p.'d: first this and then 
that appearing more probable to me, 
distrahor: quum hoc mihi probabilius 
tum illud videtur, Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 134: 
Tiberius was p.’d by doubtful care, 
‘Tiberium anceps cura distrahere, Tac. A. 
2, 40. 2. perh. sollicito, 1: v. TO pis- 
QUIET. 3, expr. to be p.’d, by aestuo, 
1 (to be in a state of excitement and 
doubt): to be p.’d by doubt, dubitatione 
aestuare, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30,74: the mind 
is p.d between the two, anceps inter 
utrumque aestuat animus, Quint. ro, 7, 
extr. See also, TO CONFUSE, DISTURB 

perplexed (part. and adj.): |, Of 
things, intricate, confused: contortus, 
implicatus, etc.: v. INTRICATE. | f, Of 
the mind, in a state of perplexity : cE 
diibius (oft. with animi, sententiae) 
Vv. DOUBTFUL. 2. anxius (denoting 
distress of mind as well as doubt): 
p. with cares, a. curis, Ov. M. g, 295: 
Cic.: Vv. ANXIOUS. 8. suspensus (in 
a state of anxious uncertainty): p. by 
more serious concerns, 8. Curis Majoribus, 
Cic. Ph. 7, init.: Vv. SUSPENSE. To be 
p.d, aestuare, bhaerére, etc.: v. TO PER- 
PLEX (3); HESITATE, 

perplexing (aqj.): 1, sometimes 
dibius: a p. dinner (where all is so good 
that it is hard to choose), d. coena, Hor. 
S. 2, 2, 77: V. DOUBTFUL, Q, impé- 
ditus (involved in difficulty): a p. de- 
bate, i. disceptatio, Liv. 37, 54, med. 

3. perplexus (like preced.): to occa- 

sion p. deliberation, p. deliberationem 
praebere, Liv. 1. c. 4, ndddsus: v. 
KNOITY. 5, difficilis, e (gen. term): 
ef. Liv. 37, 54, init. (nibil neque diffi- 
cilius neque molestius, more embarrass- 
ing or more annoying): V. DIFFICULT. 
Phr.: what can be more p., *quid potest 
majorem animo dubitationem afferre ? 
people began to fel a p. uncertainty, 
injectus est hominibus scrupulus et dubi- 
tatio quaedam, Cic. Clu. 28, 76. 

perplexity; sometimes, dibitatio: 
V. HESITATION. Phr.: to be in a state 
of p., animo (dubitatione) aestuare (vy. 
TO PERPLEX, 3): to be reduced to great p. 
(straits), in summas angustlas adduci, 
Cic. Quint. 5,19: he was in a state of 
great p., varius incertusque agitabat, 
Sall. Jug. 74: tn p. and ignorance as to 
what they should do, incerti ignarique 
quid potissimum facerent, ib. 67: to 
cause any one p., scrupulum, dubita- 
tionem alicui injicere: v. preced. art. 
extr. 

perquisite : sometimes, pécilium 
(private property acquired by a slave): 
v. Lat. Dict. s. v. Yimin. peculiolum : 
Quint. 1, 5, 46. Phr.: all these things 
are ps of the steward, *baec omnia 
villico in peculium conceduntur; baec 
omnia translaticium est villico ut pro- 
pria sua promitti, concedi. Sometimes 
corollarium (douceur; Ger. trinkgeld) 
may serve: V. PRESENT. 

perry: *vini genus ex piris confec- 
tum. 

persecute: 1, insector, 1 (to set 
on and attack vigorously): Join: agi- 
tare atque insectari [impios], Cic. Leg. 
1, 14, 40. 2. perséquor, séciitus, 3 
(late; the word ordinarily used by Chris- 
tian writers): Nero was the first of all 
to p. the servants of God, Nero primus 
omnium persecutus Dei servos, pseudo- 
Lact. de Mort. pers, 2, et pass.: Vulg. 

549 


PERSECUTION 


PERSON 


PERSONALTY 





pass. 3. vexo, 1 (to treat with abuse 
and outrage): to p. the church, v. eccle- 
siam, pseudo-Lact. lc. 4. Phr.: he 
p.d the Christians most cruelly, Chris- 
tianos quaesitissimis suppliciis (crucia- 
tibus) affecit, cf. Tac. A. 15, 44. 

persecution : 1, insectatio (set- 
ting on and worrying): cf. Br. in Cic. 
Fam. 11, 1, tanta est hominum insolen- 
tia et ins. nostri: Cic.: Quint. 0}. 
vexatio: ps of the Christians, populi 
Christiani vexationes, Sulp. Sev. Sac. 
Hist. 1, 1, (R. and A.): pseudo-Lact. de 
Mort. pers. 2. 3, perséctitio (late; but 
used by Christian writers): @ most cruel 
P., crudelissima p., pseudo-Lact. l.c. 14: 
Vulg. Act. viii. 1, ete. 

persecutor : 1, insectator (for 
syn. V. TO PERSECUTE): Liv.: Quint.: 
ps of the Christians, Christianorum ins., 
Kr. 
Teligionis, Eutrop. (R. and A.) : 
perséciitor: pseudo-Lact. Phr.: a 
bitter p., *Christiano nomini infestissi- 
mus, inimictssimus; qui Christianos 


acerbissime vexat, ‘ ; 
Perseverance: 1, persévérantia : 
Caes. 2, pertin- 


Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164 
acia (strictly the correlative vice to 
perseverance ; i.e. obstinacy, q. v.: also 
in good sense): v. PERTINACITY. 3: 
constantia (steadfastness, keeping on 
with anything): Join: perseverantia 
atque constantia, Auct. B. Alex. 26. 
(Or expr. by persevero, 1: v. foll. art.) 
persevere: 1, persévéro, 1: to 
p. with anything, in aliqua re p., Caes. 
B. C. 1, 26: timpers. pass., they p.’d, 
perseveratum est: v. TO PERSIST. OF 
persto, stiti, statum, 1 (to continue to 
hold by anything; denoting rather the 
passive side of perseverance, as persevero 
the active): v. TO PERSIST. 8. con- 
sto, 1 (to remain firm and steadfast) : 
to p. in am opinion, in sententia c., Cic. 
Fam. 7, 17. 4, permineo, 2: v. TO 
REMAIN, CONTINUE. 5, pergo, 3 (to 
go on, continue) : Vv. TO PROCEED. 
téneo, ui, ntum, 3 (to p. in; continue to 
maintain): to p. in one’s custom, con- 
suetudinem suam t., Cic. Ph. 1, 11, 27: 
to p. im one’s purpose, propositum t., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 42. Phr.: to p. ina 
course, viam offirmare, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 4. 
persevering (adj.) : 1, constans, 
ntis (firm, steadfast): a citizen most p. 
in the best courses, civis in rebus optimis 
constantissimus, Cic. Br. 25, 95: p. and 
uninterrupted defence, c., perpetua de- 
fensio, id. in Sen. 12, 30: v. FIRM, STEAD- 
FAST. 2. pertinax (sticking to any- 
thing : as often in good as in bad sense) : 
p. zeal (of a learner), studium p., Quint. 
prooem. extr.: p. (obstinate) valour, p. 
virtus, Liv. 25, 14, inié. Foll. by inf. 
(poet.): p. inher insolent game (Fortune), 
ludum insolentem ludere p., Hor. Od. 
3, 29, 50. 8. persévérans, ntis (per- 
sistent): most p. devotion to agriculture, 
perseverantissimum agri colendi stu- 
dium, Col. pref. med.: Liv.: Val. Max. 
4, ténax, acis (only when foll. by 
depend. subs.): e.g. tenax propositi, 
Hor. Od. 3, 3, 1: Quint. 
perseveringly : 1. constanter : 
V. FIRMLY, STEADFASTLY. 2. pertin- 
aciter (for syn. v. preced. art.): p. de- 
voted to liberal pursuits, p. liberalibus 
studiis deditus, Suet. Cl. 40, extr.: Hirt. ; 
Sen.: v. OBSTINATELY. 3. perséve- 
ranter (infreq.): Liv. 4, 60, ad jin. 
persiflage (Fr.): Phr.: to indulae 
in p. with any one, [familiariter] cum 
aliquo cavillari atque jocari, Cic. Att. 
2,1 4. See also, JesT (subs.). 
persist: 1, persto,, stiti, statum, 
I: to p. in anything, p. in aliqua re, 
Cic. Off. 3, 9, 39: if however they p.’d in 
war, sin perstaretur in bello, Tac. A. 


13,37. Join: perstare atque obdurare, 
Hor. S. 2, 5, 39. In same sense, per- 
sisto, 3: Liv. 2. persévéro, 1 (de- 


noting the active as persto does rather 

the passive side of persistency): to p. 

in a fault, in vitio p., Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5: 

foll. by acc. andinf.: he p.'d (in saying) 

that he was Orestes, perseveravit se esse 

Orestem, Cic. Am. 4, 24: Vell. Like 
550 


2, vexator: e.g. Christianae | 


persto, oft. timpers.: they p.’d in their 
anger, perseveratum in ira est, Liv. 2, 
35, med. 3. insisto, stiti, 3 (to urge 
on): usu. with infin.: the Senate p.’d 
in demanding of him, that. . ., flagitare 
Senatus institit eum, ut..., Cic. Fam. 
10. 16: Vv. TO URGE. To p. in saying, 
may also be expr. by dictito: ef. Cic. 
Verr. Act. 1, 2, 43 to p. in demanding, 
by flagito (v. TO DEMAND): either of 
which may be strengthened by, assidue, 
iterum atque iterum, etc. 
persistence: permansio (in aliqua 
re): Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164. 
persistency : pertinacia, persévéran- 
tia: for syn. v. PERSEVERANCE, OBSTI- 
nacy. Or expr. by verb: such was the 
p. of the assault, *adeo in oppugnatione 
perseveratum est: V. TO PERSIST. 
persistent: 1, pertinax : v. oB- 
STINATE. Q. persévérans: more p. in 
slaughter, perseverantior caedendis (hos- 
tibus), Liv. 5, 31, med.: v. PEKSEVERING. 
8. offirmatus (with mind made 
up): p. in (cherishing) indignation, of. 
in iracundia, Cic. Att. 1,11. Yo be p., 
se offirmare, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 8; per- 
stare, persistere, etc.: v. TO PERSIST, 
PERSEVERE. 
persistently: 14, persévéranter: 
to 1age more p., perseverantius saevire, 
Liv. 21, 10, med. 2, pertinaciter: v. 
OBSTINATELY. 
person: |. Ahuman being: |, 
hémo, inis, c.; which, esp. in pl., is often 
sufficiently indicated by the gender of 
an adj. or pron.: one of the advocati, 
a p. of the highest character, quidam ex 
advocatis, homo summa virtute prae- 
ditus, Cic. Clu. 63, 177: many p.s, 
multi; some p.s, nonnulli, ete. : passim. 
2. esp. in enumerations, ciput, itis, 
n.: 8000 p.s, free and slaves, octo millia 
liberorum servorumque capitum, Liv. 
29, 29: Caes.: common p.s (the mass of 
| the people), ignota c., Liv. 3,7, init. Also 
| comice: @ nice, jolly p., lepidum c., Ter. 
Ad. 5, 9, 9, ete. 3. similar to caput, 
and used chiefly in general descriptions, 
corpus, Oris, v.: free p.s, libera c., Liv. 


bondage, liberum c. in servitutem addi- 
cere, id. 3, 56, med. 4, persona (de- 
noting not a person individually, but as 
coming under a certain description) : he 
did away with the use of litters except 


usum nisi certis p. et aetatibus ademit, 
Suet. Caes. 43: ps in humbler vank, 
miinores p., id. Tib. 32. I]. in legal 
sense, as opp. to things: persona: cf. 
Paul. Dig. 1, 5,1, omne jus vel ad per- 
sonas pertinet vel ad res : cf. Smith’s Ant. 
8. V. actio. Il. With ref. to rank or 
importance: Phr.: to have respect to 
p.s, in personam (hominum) per gratiam 
et preces exorabilem esse, Suet. Aug. 
27, mit. : *dignitatis hominum magis 
quam aequi et boni rationem habere, ef. 
Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17 (dignitatis habere 
rationem alone does not necessarily 
denote anything improper): personam 
accipere (not class.), Vulg. Jac. ii. 9 
(=Gr. rpoowmoAnprtetv); * dignitatis 
nobilitatisque magis quam justitiae ob- 
Servantem esse. Mporsonne servire [R. 
and A.J, in Cic. Off. 3, 29, 106 = to ad- 
here faithfully to a character.) IV. 
The body : 1, corpus, dris, n.: (Dio- 
nysius) entrusted the keeping of his p. 
to barbarians, barbaris corporis custo- 
diam committebat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58: 
to prostitute the p. for hire, quaestum 
corpore facere, Pl. Poen. 5, 3,21: atten- 
tion to the p. (personal habits), cor- 
poris cura, Suet. Caes. 45. 2. torma 
(exterior, shape; usu. implying comeli- 
ness or beauty): a maiden of remark- 
able beauty of p., virgo forma excellens, 
Liv. 3, 44: p. and exterior worthy of a 
gentleman, f. ac species liberalis, Cic. 
Coel. 3,6: Plin. In sim. sense, facies: 
a woman of singular beauty of p., mu- 
lier f. eximia, Cic. Verr. 5, 31, 82. 2 
spécies, Gi (exterior): esp. with other 
subss. descriptive of the person: e. g. 
species et motus atque ipse amictus, id. 
Br. 62, 224; forma et species et statura 





29, 21, med.: to consign a free p. to | 


for certain p.s and ages, lecticarum | 


[apposita ad dignitatem], Auct. Her. 4, 
47,60.  \Y, Periphrastically, usu. with 
‘ref. to people of rank: expr. by pers. 
pron.: he had 300 unarmed youths in 
attendance upon his p., trecentos inermes 
juvenes circa se habebat, Liv. 29, 1, 
intt.: Cie. Verr. 2,1, 48, 126: in similar 
sense with circum: the men who are 
about his p, qui circum se sunt, Cic. 
Att. 9, 9, ad fin.: to denote a lady's 
waiting maids, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 33: Sall. 
VI. Actual self; esp. in phr, in 
| person: expr. by ipse: only with the 
| Roman general in p. (would he confer), 
non nisi cum ipso coram duce Romano, 
Liv. 28, 17, med. : Hannibal was present 
in p. to encourage his troops, ipse Han- 
nibal hortator aderat, id. 21, 11, med. 
See also FACE TO FACE, PERSONALLY. 
Vil. Vheclogically - persona ; three 
Persons of the same essence, tres Personae 
| ejusdem essentiae, Aug. Conf. Art. 1. 
Vill. In grammar: persona: Gram 
| pass. 
personage : persona: the second p. 
in Thebes, altera p. Thebis, Nep. Pel. 4, 
| extr.: cf. Cic. Clu. 29, init., hujus (Stale- 
ni) persona, this p. : V. CHARACTER (V.). 
personal: 1, privatus (indicating 
personal or private relations as distinct 
| from public ones): p. friendship with 
Jugurtha, p. amicitia Jugurthae, Sall. 
Jug. 14, ad fin.: p. ill-feeling, p. inimi- 
citiae, Tac. A. 3, 12, med.: V. PRIVATE. 
2. personalis, e (only as legal or 
|gram. term): a@ p. action, p. actio 
| (=actio in personam): Ulp. Dig. 50, 
16, 178: a p. verb, verbum p., Prisc.: 
Diom.: ete. Phr.: to sacrifice p. feel- 
ing to the common good, inimicitias rei- 
publicae donare (onan Cic. Fam, 
5, 45 simultates [privatas] propter pa- 
triam ponere, cf. Liv. 27, 35: to be in- 
Jluenced by p. feeling, personarum 
propter gratiam, odium, inimicitias, etc. 
| rationem habere (cf. PERSON, II1.): to 
indulge in p. observations, *vitam, mores 
singulorum perstringere, insectari; *de 
| singulis hominibus potius quam de re 
| universa verba facere (not in personam 
alicujus ...., which denotes the cha- 
racter or capacity assumed by any one, 
as distinct from his individuality: ef. 
Cic. Fam. 6, 6, med., Caesar nunquam 
nisi honorificentissime Pompeium ap- 
pellat; at in ejus personam multa fecit. 
asperius, i.e. of Pompey personally he 
!always speaks in terms of respect; 
| though he has acted severely against 
him in his public character, personam) : 
to have great p. influence with any one, 
(multum) apud aliquem auctoritate, 
gratia, valere, Cic. Fam. 6, 6, extr.: 
multum auctoritatis habere, id. Sen. 14, 
60: to have a p. interview with any one, 
cum aliquo coram colloqui, cf. Liv. 28, 
17, med. 
personality : |. The having the 
attributes of a person: Phr.: they deny 
the p. of God, *Deum omni sensu ac 
voluntate carere docent; Deum nihil 
aliud esse quam summam rerum affir- 
mant. (N.B.—By no means corporea 
natura [R. and A.], which is mate- 
riality.) |]. Only in pl., = personal 
observations: Phr.: to indulge in abu- 
sive p.s against any one, maledicta in 
alicujus vitam conjicere, Cic. Pl. 12, fin.; 
vitam moresque alicujus perstringere: 
cf. PERSONAL (Phr.). 
personally : |. As far as any 
one’s person is concerned: expr. by ipse 5 
per me, te, se; personally Ihave no objec- 
tion to your doing so, *per me ita facias 
licet ; quod ad me ipsum attinet, nulla 
est mora: I have great esteem for the 
man p., *ipsum hominem valde diligo 
atque observo. Phr.: to see any one p., 
aliquem coram videre, Liv. 28, 18, med. + 
to be p. acquainted with any one, nosse 
aliquem, Ter. And. 5, 4, 32 (de facie 
nosse aliquem, is to know any one by 
sight: cf. Cic. in Pis. 32, extr.: also, 
Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 25, alicujus faciem nosse, 
in same sense). ||. in gram. sense, 
personaliter: Gell. 15, 13, med. 
personalty ; *bona personalia, res 
personalis (?). 











~e 


PERSONATE 


PERTINENT 


PERVERSITY 





personate: expr. by, personam ge- 
Tere, sustinere; partes agere: V. PART 
(1ll.). Also sometimes, cantare (to sing, 
represent by singing): e.g. he p.d the 
matricide Urestes (on the stage), canta- 
vit matricidam Orestem, Suet. Ner. 21. 

personification: prosopopoeia (only 
as rhetor. figure; Gr. mpoowror7ocia): 
Quint. 6, 1, 25, where it is defined as, 
ficta alienae personae oratio, i.e. the in- 
troducing of another person as if actus 
ally speaking (quum velut ipsorum ore 
res dicuntur): also, fictio personae, id. 
g, 2, 29. Phr.: to muke use of a p., 
personam fingere, cf. id. 9, 2, 363; *res 
inanimas ac sensu carentes tanquam 
sentientes vel loquentes inducere. 

personify: Phr.: the ancients p.'d 
inanimate objects, as the sun, Moon, 
*antiqui rebus inanimis, velut Soli, Lu- 
naeque, vitam sensumque tribuebant: 
the poet here p.s fume, *ic poeta famae 
personam fictam inducit, cf. Quint. 9. 2, 
36: in this play the clouds are p.’d, in 
hac fabula nubes quasi agentes atque 
loquentes inducuntur: cf. Cic, Or. 40, 
138, muta quaedam loquentia inducere. 
(Rem in personam constituere [Kr. ex 
Aquila Rom.) is questionable Latinity, 
and suggestive of a legal rather than a 
poetical sense: v, PERSON, II.) 

pers ective (swis.): scénogriphia 
(the art of architectural designing ac- 
cording to perspective; as distinguished 
from orthographia, the drawing of a 
mere “elevation”’ of a building ; or 
ichnographia, of the ground plan): Vitr. 
I,2,2. Phr.: to draw in p., ita res 
pingere (designare) ut alia ab-cedentia 
alia eminentia esse videantur (cf. Vitr. 
9, pref. § 11: also, id. 1, 2,23; in both of 
which places an explanation of the theory 
of perspective is given, q. v.). As tech. 
term, il may be necessary to use per- 
spectiva, sc. ars. 

perspicacious: perspicax (sharp- 
sighted, penetrating): Join: acutus et 
perspicax, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 100. 

perspicaciously : acuté: v. AcuTE- 
LY. 
perspicacity : perspicacitas: Cic. 
Att. 1, 18, extr. 

perspicuity : perspicuitas: opp. to 
obscuritas, Quint. 8, 2 (“de perspicui- 
tate”): ib. 1,6.41 (where it is described 
as the chief merit of style, oraticnis 
summa virtus): not in Cic. Or expr. 
by adj.: to aim at p. in narrative, *id 
agere ut narratio lucida [dilucida} seu 
perspicua fiat, cf. Quint. 4, 2, 31. (Not 
evidentia, which is vividness rather than 
simple perspicuity : Quint. 6, 2, 32.) 

perspicuous: _ 1. diliicidus (clear, 
distinctly wntLlligible): p. language, 
d. oratio, Cic. Fin. 3, 1,3: Quint. Also, 
licidus: p. arrangement, 1. ordo, Hor. 
A. P. 41: Quint. 4, 2, 31. 2. perspi- 
cuus (the most precise and critical 
term): Quint. l. c., et pass. 3. illus- 
tris (a degree beyond the preceding): p. 
(or luminous) exposition, i. expositio, 
Quint. 9, 2, 2. (Luculentus= full of 
light, brilliant, excellent : planus, plain 


and straightforward.) 
perspicuously: 1. diliicidé: Cic.: 
iv. Also, lucide: Cic.: Liv. 2h 


perspicué: Cic. Join: plane et per- 
spicue ; aperte et perspicue, Cic.: dilu- 
cide atque perspicue, Plin. (For syn. v. 
preced. art.) 3. énddate (infreq.): to 
narrate carefully and p., diligenter et e. 
narrare, Cic. Inv. 1, 21, extr. 4, énu- 
cleaté (like preced., implying the cureful 
clearing away of difficulty and confu- 
ston): id. Or. 9, 28. 

perspiration : |. The function : 
expr. by sido, 1: all the noxious element 
is carried off by p., omne vitium (qui- 
cunque nocet humor) sudando [e cor- 
pore] expellitur, deducitur, cf. Cels. 2, 
17, unit. Il. The state or the dis- 
charge : 1, sudor: to bring on a p., 
6. elicere, Cels. 1. c.; movere, ib. med. ; 
creare, Plin. 31, 10, 46 § 1153 excutere, 
Nep. Kum. 5: to check p., s coercere, 
Plin. 23, 1, 25; cobibere, ib. 23, 9, 813 
inhibere, id. 28, 19, 79: p. comes on, 
s. oritur, Ce's. 1. c. 


2, stidatio (a 


sweating): (to cure) by aperients, vo- 
miting or p., aut dejectione aut vomitu 
aut sudationibus, Cels. 3, 2,ad jin. See 
also SWEAT. 
perspire: 1. sudo,1: Cic.: Hor.: 
Vv. TO SWEAT, 9, sudorem emitto, 3: 
Plin. 7, 18, 18. Phr.: to p. violently, 
sudore diffluere, Plin. 21, 13, 45. 
persuade: 1, persuaueo, si, sum, 2 
(to bring over to one’s way of thinking ; 
with dat; foll. by ut [ne] and suby., 
when it signifies to p. any one to do or not 
todo something ; by acc. and inf., when 
it signifies to convince): he p.s him to go 
over to the enemy, buic persuadet uti ad 
hestes transeat, Caes. B. G. 3, 18: ut is 
sometimes omitted before subj. : Albinus 
p.s him to claim..., buic Albinus p...., 
petat, Sall. Jug. 35 (the acc. and inf. in 
this sense is exceptional. it occurs how- 
ever, Nep. Dion. 3, persuasit ei tyrannidis 
finem facere): / could never be p.d that 
the soul... dies, mihi nunquam per- 
suaderi potuit animos....emori, Cic, 
Sen. 22, 8c: Caes.: J am p.d, mibi per- 
suadeo, mihi persuadetur: v. TO CON- 
vince. (N.B.—Though not capable of 
taking an ordinary acc. of the object, 
persuadeo is often used with acc. of 
neut, pron.: to p. any one of this, hoc 
alicui p., Cic. Att. 16, 5: see L. G. § 
253.) Q. addiico, 3: more fully, foll. 
by ad credendum [ut credam], Nep. Con. 
3: also absol., / cannot p. myself that 
any one...,ego non adducor quenquam, 
etc., Cic. Att. 11, 16 (intreq ): v. TO IN- 
DUCE. 3, impello, 3 (to urge): Sall. 
Cat. 49 (foll. by ut). (Suadeo=to try 
to persuade : v. TO ADVISE, URGE.) 
persuasion: persuasio: Cic. Inv. 1, 
g: in abl, also, persuasu: by any one’s 
p. alicujus persuasu [atque inductu], 
Cic. in Quint. 5, 10, 69. Or expr. by 
verb: v. TO PERSUADE. (Archaice, 
suada: the marrow of p., suadae me- 
dulla, Enn. in Cic. Br. 15, 59: cf. Quint. 
2, 15,4: also, suadéla: PI.) 
persuasive: expr. by circuml.: p. 
speech, accommodata (apta) ad persuad- 
endum oratio, Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 32: (elo- 
quence consists) in persuasion or p. 
speech, in persuadendo aut in dicendo 
apte ad persuadendum, Quint. 2, 15, 3. 
(Quint. uses persuasibilis, in translating 
trum the Greek, = mOavos, l. c. § 133 
but the word is best avoided.) 
persuasively: Phr.: to speak p, 
dicere apposite ad persuadendum, Cic. 
Inv. 1, 5, 63 dicere ad persuadendum 
accommodate, id. de Or. 1, 31, 1385 apte 
ad pers., Quint. 2, 15, 3. (Quint. has 
persuabiliter, l. c. § 14, but only in trans- 
lating from the Gk, = mBavws.) 
persuasiveness: persuasio (strictly, 
the act of persuasion) : Cels. in Quint. 2, 
15,22. Or expr. by verb: the chies me- 
rit of @ speaker is p., *oratoris summa 
virtus, ut apte dicat ad persuadendum. 
pert: précax, acis (forward and 
wanting in respect for others): p. of 
tongue, p. lingua, ‘Tac. A. 1, 16: p 
bold, presumptuous) Muse, p. Musa, 
or. Od. 2, 1, 37. (N.B.—The nearest 
word to Eng., but usu. conveying a 
graver censure than it: protervus is 
still stronger: v. PETULANT, WANTON.) 
pertain: ], attineo, ui, 2: usn. 
foll. by ad: esp. in such phrr. as, as far 
as ps to that state, quod ad eam civita- 
tem a., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 5, extr.: Liv.: v. 
To vo (IL). 92. pertineo, 2: that 
matter p.s to my duty, illa res ad meum 
officium p., Cic. R. Am. 13, 36. (As dis- 
tinguished from attineo, per-tineo usu. 
points to an end or object pursued ; at- 
lineo denoting only connexion or rela- 
tion.) See also TO TEND. 
pertinacious; pertinax: v. PER- 
SISTENT, OBSTINATE. 
pertinaciously : pertinaciter: vy. 
PERSISPENTLY, OBSIINATELY. 
pertinaciousness ; pertinacia: v. 
PERSISTENCY, OBSTINACY. 
pertinency : Vv. fof. art. 








proferre (v. TO PERTAIN). Phr.: your 
remark is most p., rem acu tetigisti, cf. 
Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 19. 

pertinently: apposite: Gell. 2, 23 
med 


pertly: proécaciter (v. PERT): Liv. 
Curt. 

pertness: pricacitas: Mart. 2, 41, 
17 (p. lepida, pretty pertness): v. PERT. 

perturb: turbo, perturbo, 1: v. To 
DISTURE. 

perturbation : perturbatio: ps of 
the mind, animi p., Cic. Tusc. 4, §, init : 
to cause p. of the mind, animo p. afferre 
id. Div. 1, 30,62. See also EXCITEMENT. 

perturbed (part. and adj.): Phr.: 
p. in mind, turbidus animi, Tac. H. 4, 
48: the mind is p.’d, aestuat animus, 
Quint. 10, 7, 33. Or expr. by verb: v 
TO DISTURB. 

peruke: capillamentum: Suet.: v. 
WIG. 

perusal: pellectio (perl.) : Cic. Att, 
I, 13: or expr. by verb: v. foll. art. 

peruse: légo, perlégo (read through 
carefully), évolvo: v.TOREAD. (Evolvo 
perh. comes nearest to Eng.: to p. a 
book carefully, librum diligenter evol- 
vere, Cic. l'usc.1, 11,24: Quint) Pbhr.. 
to p. hastily, percurrere (e. g. paginas) : 
Liv. 9, 18, med.: Cic. (percurrere le- 


|. To spread through- 
out : 1, permano, 1 (to flow through, 
penetrate throughout): a living intel- 
ligence p.s all those things, animalis 
intelligentia per omnia p. [et transit], 
Cic. Ac. 2, 37, extr. (al. permeat). 2 
pertineo, ui, 2 (to stretch throughout): 
the veins p. every part of the body, venae 
in omnes partes corporis p., id. N. D. 2, 
55,137: Deity p.ing the nature of each 
thing, Deus pertinens per naturam cu- 
jusque rei, ib. 2, 28, 71. 3. con- 
célebro, 1 (to fill with life: poet.): 
Lucr. 1,4. Phr.: mind p.s each limb 
and animates the whole mass, totam in- 
fusa per artus mens agitat molem, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 726. ||. Yo take possession of 
the mind: 1, invado, si, sum, 3 (to 
fall upon: usu. with acc. ; also dat.): 
Vv. TO FALL ON (IL, 2). 2. perfundo, 
fidi, fisum, 3 (of an emotion which com- 
pletely takes up and fills the mind): ye 
gods, what horror pd me: dii immor- 
tales, qui me horror perfudit! Cic. Att. 
8,6: the sense ts p.d with akind of de- 
light, sensus jucunditate quadam per- 
funditur, id. Fin. 2, 3, tnit.: p.d by joy, 
gaudio perfusus, Liv. 30, 16, mit. (Per- 
vado, used of opinions, reports, etc., 
refers to their diffusion not to their 
taking possession of a single person’s 
mind: v. TO SPREAD.) 8. incédo, ssi, 
ssum, 3 (like invado, v. supr.: used with 
acc. or dat.): Sall.: Caes. 4, com- 
pleo, 2: v. TO FILL. 

pervading (adj.): expr. by part. or 
rel. claus€: V. TO PERVADE (1.). 

perverse : 1, perversus (quite 
wrong and misguided): an unreason- 
able and p. man, (homo) prueposterus 
atque p., Cic. Clu. 26, 71: the p. (mis- 
guided) ingenuity of grammarians, p. 
grammaticorum subtilitas, Plin. 35, 3, 4. 
Join: pravus et perversus, Cic. 9. 
pravus (lit. crooked, mis-shapen : hence, 
absurd, unreasonable) : p. counsels, p. 
consilia, Cic. Am. 22, fin.: esp. with per- 
versus, v. supr. (1): also, Cie Rab. Post. 
13, 37. See also WILFUL, OBSTINATE. 

perversely: 1. perverse (quite 
wrongly, in the very opposite to the right 
way): louse p. the bounty of the gods, 
deorum beneficio p. uti, Cie. N. D. 3, 28, 
intt. 2, expr. by de industria: p. to 
misunderstand, “de industria perverse 
Ss. perperam interpretarl: V. PURPOSE, 
ON; WILFULLY. 

perversion: 1. d&pravatio: p. of 
aterm, d. verbi, Cic. Part. 36, 127: Auct. 
Her. 2, corruptio (rare) : Cic. Tusc. 4, 
13, 29: cf. Proy., corruptio optimi fit pes- 
sima, the p. of the best thing is the worst 


pertinent ; appositus (ad rem): Cic. | of all. Or expr. by verb: v. TO PERVERT. 


Inv. 1, 14, 19. or expr. by attineo to | 


perversity : perversitas: when @ 


adduce the most p. arguments, *quae | man’s misconduct and p. angers you, 
maxime ad rem pertinent argumenta | quum te alicujus improbitas p.que com- 


55 


PERVERT PETTY PHIAL 














































































morit, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13: P- of cha- 


catam, Pl. Men. 1, 2, 10: to p. children,| petulance: |. Pertness, forward- 
racter, p. morum, Suet. Aug. 62. 


*}iberos delicatius indulgentiusque ness: protervitas, pétilantia: v. PERT- 


pervert: j, dépravo, I (to wor- | tractare. NESS, WANTONNESS. il. Pettish humour 
sen): to p. anything by mis-stating tt, petal ; *floris folium: *pétalum. stomachus: Vv. PEEVISHNESS. 

aliquid male narrando d., Ter, Ph. 4, 4,| _ petalism: use Gk. form, meTaAcop.0s : petulant: I. Per t, forward : pro- 
16: (things) corrupted and p.’d by the Diod. | tervus, pétulans: Vv. PERT, WANTON 





subtlety uf the lawyers, jureconsultorum 
corrupta ac depravata, Cic. Mur. 12, 37- 
Q, détorqueo, si, tum, 2 (C0 wrest 
aside): to p. language to an obscene 
sense, in obscaenum intellectum ser- 
monem d., Quint. 8, 3, 44: to p. sincere 
and upright minds, sincera rectaque 
ingenia d., Plin. Pan. 70: Liv.: v. TO 
MISINTERPRET. In similar sense, tor- 
queo, but with the bad sense less marked: 
v. TO WREST. 3, déflecto, xi, xum, 3 
(like preced., but less freq.) : ef. Cic. 
Rep. 1, 44, quum ipsos principes afiqua 
pravitas de via deftexit, i. e. when they 
have become p'd: tragedy p ‘d to obscene 
laughter, in obscaenus deflexa tragoe- 
dia risus, Ov. Tr. 2, 409. 4, corrumpo, 
3 (tomar and spoil): cf. supr. qi). See 
also To conrurT. (N .B.—Perverto = to 
overturn completely.) 
pervious: pervius : not p. to the sun, 
Phoebo non p., Lucan 6, 645: V- PASSA- 
BLE; PENETRABLE. 
pessary.: pessum, pessarium : Theod. 
Prisc.  Dimin. pessulum, Coel. Aur. 


petition (subs.) : |. Generally, @ I]. Of freakish temper : stomachosus * 
request ; esp. Gs addressed to God: | V- PEEVISH. 
précis, em, @, f.: V. PRAYER. To offer\| pew: subsellium (gen. term): V 
up p.s, precari: Vv. TO PRAY. |j. 4 | BENCH, SEAT. Yo furnish a church with 
memorial addressed to @ sovereign : | benches rather than p.s, * subselliis 
libellus: to deliver a p. to any one, apertis magis quam septis ac clausis 
1. alicui dare, Cic. Até. 16, 16, A.; 1, por- | instruere. 
rigere (hold it out in the hand), Suet. pewit: Vv. LAPWING. 
Aug. 53: more definitely, supplex li- pewter: *metallum ex stanno plum- 
bellus, Mart. 8, 31: to have the charge boque mixtum. 
of p-s, libellos agere, Tryph. Dig. 20, 5, 12- phalangite: 1, phialangites, ae 
petition (-): i. e. to present @ writ= | (Macedonian) : Liv. 37, 40 (only in 
ten petition: they p.'d the emperor for | pl.) 2, phalangarius: Lampr. Alex. 
the recal of the governor, * Principem | Sev. 50. 
libello supplice adierunt, rogantes utad| phalanstery: *phalansterium (quod 
urbem praefectus revocaretur ; they p.’d dicunt). \ 
parliament against his appointment, phalanx: phalanx, ngis, f. (Gk. 
*ad senatum libdellos miserunt, depre- | paAayé) : Liv. 32, 17, med.: Nep.: Curt. 
cantes ne is magistratui praeficeretur : (Pure Lat.: cuneus- Liv. 1. c.) 
see also TO APPEAL. phantasm: V- PHANTOM. 
petitioner: *'s qui libello nomen phantastic: v- FANTASTIC. 
suum subscribit, ascribit: or expr. by phantasy : V- FANCY, IMAGINATION. 
imperf. part. of Togo. cf, L. G. § 638.| Phantom: 1. similacrum: certain 
(Not rogator ; because of its technical | p.5 strangely pale, quaedam Ss. modis 
sense = proposer of a rogation.) pallentia miris, Lucr. 1, 124 (ex Ennio): 


(Cels. uses the Gk. word meacot, de- petrel: *proécellaria (Linn. genus). the unsubstantial p.s of Sleep, inania 
scribing them as, quae feminis subjici- petrifaction : v. foll. art. somni s., Ov. H. 9, 39: to frame (fancy) 


untur: but the Lat. forms are used in 
later writers.) 

pest : 1, pestis, is, f.: Join: 
furia ac pestis (patriae}, Cic. Sext. 14, 

m.: Sall. Q, pernicies, ei: a pimp, 
the common p. of youth, leno p. com- 
munis adolescentulorum, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 
34: Cic.: v. PLAGUE. 

pester : sollicito, mdlestias (alicui) 
affero, etc. : V- TO WORRY, ANNOY. 

pest-house: *domicilium in quo ex- 
cipiuntur peste s. contagione laborantes. 

pestiferous : pestifer (rarely -ferus), 
a, um: (bringing destruction): p. ob- 
jects, pestifera (opp. salubria), Cic. N. D. 
2, 47, 122: Cels.: cf. PESTILENTIAL. 

pestilence: 1, pestilentia: the 
city was visited with a p. p- (gravis) 
incidit in urbem, Liv. 27, 233 pesti- 
lentia laboratum eat, id. 1, 31, med. : 
pestilentia populum invasit, id. 4, 21: 
cf. pestilentia conflictari, Caes. B. Ga2: 
22. 9. pestis, is, f. (any great evil 
of a destructive kind: cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 
36, tol, ibes .... avertunt pestem ab 
Aegypto, referring to poisonous ser- 
pents) : (prayers) to remove the p. from 
the people, p. a populo avertere, Liv. 4, 
25 (where, however, the more definite 
word pestilentia has just been used ; 
pestis being = scourge): Col. 7, 5, wit. 
(= murrain). 3. lues, is, f. (poet.): 
Virg. Aen. 3, 139: Ov. Phr.: a year 
marked by p. in town and country, 
annus pestilens urbi agrisque, Liv. 3, 6, 
init.: the p. began to pass off, defuncta 
morbis corpora salubriora esse incipere, 
id. 3, 8, init. 

pestilential : pestilens, ntis: p. 7€- 
gions, loci p. (Opp. salubres), Cic. Fat. 4, 
4: a most p. year, (gravissimus et] pes- 
tilentissimus annus, id. Fam. 5,16: Liv. 
Also in fig.: Cie. Fam. 7, 24: Liv. (Pes- 
tifer = causing destruction or disease : 
e.g. pestifer odos, 4 pestilential stench, 
Liv. 25,26: in Cic. destructive, NOXIOUS : 
N. D. 2, 47, 122.) See also UNHEALTHY. 


petrify: |. Lit., to turn into stone | pS of unsubstantial terror, simulacra et 
(intrans.): lapidesco, 3 (extr. rare): | Inanes metus fingere, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7- 
Plin. 24, 13,73. Usu. better expr. by 9, phantasma, tis, 7. (Gk. av- 
phr.: the wood p.s quickly, lignum cele- | Tagma; Very rare): if Christ was a 
titer in saxum (lapidem) abit, con- (mere) p. (acc. to the Docetae), si ph. 
vertitur, mutatur: v. TO TURN, pass | fuit Christus, Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 7: 
(B., IIL). The trans. may be expr. by, | Vulg- Mare. vi. 49 (where, as in Plin. Ep. 
efficere ut quid lapidescat, in lapidem | 7, 27> init. it denotes a ghost). 3. by 
abeat, etc. i. Fig., 4 strike mute \ circum. vana spécies: cf. Hor. A. P.'75 
with amazement, fear, etc.: usu. in pass., inanis [ex metu, etc., ficta] imago, cf. 
tobep.d: 1, stiipeo, ui, 2 (to be struck | Plin. Le. gr. (Spectrum =Gk, etdwdov, 
senseless): as I gazed p.’d on them, quae | in Epicur. philus., see Cic, Fam. 15, 16.) 
quum intuerer stupens, Cic. Rep. 6, 8: pharisaical : Pbarisaicus: Hier. 
T am p-d with admiration, admiror, | (Or gen. of subs.: Vv. PHARISEE.) 
stupeo, Mart. 5, 63; the sense is more pharisaism : * Pharisaeorum doc- 
fully conveyed Virg. Aen. 1, 495; stupet | trina atque instituta. (in fig. sense, 
obtutuque haeret defizus in uno. gQ, | *ostentatio s. amwbitio religionis con- 


obstiipesco, stipui, 3 (inceptive to pre- servandae: V. OSTENTATION.) 
ced.) ; in connexion with which may be pharisee: Pharisaeus: Vulg. pass. 
used p. part. obstupefactus (from obstu- (In fig. sense, * sanctitatis religionisque 
pefacio, to paralyse, with fear, etc.): to be ostentator.) 
pd at the sight of an ything, alicujus rei pharmaceutic ot pharmaceuticus 
aspectu obstupescere, cf. Cie, Div. 2, 23, | (ast. t). 
50: the enemy, perfectly p.d with asto- pharmacy: (ars s. res) médica- 
nishment, obstupefucti hostes, Tac. Agr. mentaria: Plin. 7, 56,57 § 196. 
18, med.: Cic. 3, obtorpesco, torpul, pharos: pharos or-us, 1, f.: V. LIGHT- 
3 (to be benumbed, as it were): cf. Liv. HOUSE. 
34, 38, fin., circumfuso undique pavore,| phase: *facies (lunae, stellae). In 
ita obtorpuit ut nec dicere ... nec audire | fig. sense, perh. spécies: or in pl. vices, 
posset: poet. In Cic. Phr.: the sight um, f. (alternations). 
for a while perfectly pd them, objecta pheasant: phasianus : Suet. Vit. 13: 
Tes oculis immobiles eos defixit, Liv. 21, | Paul. Dig. 32, 66: also, phasiana (sc. 
33, init.: they stood p.d in silence, | avis): Plin. 11, 33, 39- (Phasianus Col- 
silentio defixi steterunt, id. 8, 4, fin. chicus, Linn.) Of pS, pheasants’-, pha- 
petticoat: perh. castitla (Quich.) : | sianinus - Pall. 1, 29 (ph. ova): @ P. 
cf. Non. 548, 30, Sq- (Tunica muliebris | keeper, phasianarius, Paul. Dig. 32, 66. 
— chemise). P.-government, perth. sto- Mart. has Phasides aves = phasiani : 
latum [{muliebre] imperium, cf. Suet. Cal. | Epig. 13, 45.) 
13, Ulysses stolatus = Ulysses in petti- phenomenon : often res : to enquire 
coats. (R.and A. suggest the retention | respecting (the cause of) @ Ps de re (ipsa) 
of the word; but this would be intoler- | quaerere, Sen. N.Q. 1, 1, 2: the cause of 
able: perh. tunicula may be accepted as | this p., hujus rei causa, ib. I, 3, 3- Or no 
an equivalent.) subs. may be needed: let us enquire into 
pettifogger : légiiléius : Cic. de Or. | this p., quaeramus quomodo fiat (se. 
1,55, fin. Or perb. rabula (a common, | arcus coelestis), ib. § 3: cf. § 5; quidam 
brawling pleader) : ib. 1, 46, 202: Quint. | ita existimant arcum fieri. An extraor- 
12, 9, 12. dinary p., miraculum : he ascended & 


N.B.—Pestilentiosus very late.) pettifogging (adj.) : perh. minutus: place from which the best view of the p. 
pestilently : perniciose : Cic. v. PETTY, PALTRY. could be obtained, locum ascendit eX 


pestle : pilum (the mortar being 
pila): Cato RK. R. ro: Plin. Dimin. 
pistillum : Col.: Plin. 

pet (swbs.): |. A favourite: de- 
liciae ; AmOres: V. FAVOURITE. See also 
DARLING. Il. A fit of peevishness : 
nearest word, stémachus (chugrin, pee- 
vishness): Cic. To beinap., stémachor, 
1: Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 104: Cic. (N.B— 
Neither the subs. nor the verb have the 
colloquial character of the Eng.) See 
also FIT, subs. 

pet (v.): Phr.: the king had an ape 
which he p.'d, rex simiam in deliciis 
habeba', Cic. Div. 1, 34, 76: Thave p.d 
you too much, nimium te habui deli- 

552 


pettiness: ¢sP- of mind, animus an- | quo maxime miraculum illnd conspici 
gustus, minutus: V. NARROW-MINDED- | posset, Plin. 6, 16, 5: also, res insolita, 
NESS. nova, mirabilis (v. STRANGE, EXTRAOR= 
pettish : stomachosus : V. PEEVISH. pINary): cf. also Juv. 6, 165, Tara avis 
pettishness: stémachus, quérelae : | in terris (a perfect p. !): sometimes 
v. PEEVISHNESS. spectaculum may serve: cf. Sen. N. Q. 
etty : 1, minitus: Pp. (mean, | 1, 1, 55 nulla sine hujusmodi spectaculis 
ignoble) phiiosophers, 1. philosophi, Cic. | nox est, no night on which such pheno- 
Sen. 23, 85: p. commanders, ™m. impe- | mena are not to be seen. (In philos. 
ratores, id. Br. 73, 256. Join: minuti | sense, phaenomena (Gk. 7a parvoneva.} 
et angusti [homines], Fin. 1, 18, 61. | may be needed for precision, with gen. 
9, angustus (narrow, limited ; esp. | pl. phaenomenon; or the word may be 
of the mind): a p. mind, animus a. | written as Greek.) 
[parvus], Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68: cf. supr. (1). phial : perh. lagunciila (@ small 
3, parvus (small, insignificant, | flask) : Col. 12, 38, fin. (Phiale or -@ 
trifling) : V. SMALL. a broad shallow drinking-vessel.) 








PHILANTHROPIC 





philanthropic: sometimes, huma- 
nus: cf. Plin. 18, 6, 8 § 44, praeceptum 
bumanissimum utilissimumque (at once 
most expedient and p.): but the word 
denotes rather good, Icindly feeling, than 
what we call philanthropy. More pre- 
cisely, as epith. of a person, generi ho- 
minum amicus, Kr. (e Cic.); qui generi 
hominum [potius quam sibi suisque 
utilitatibus ] corisulit: ph. schemes, *con- 
silia quae ad humani generis commoda 
utilitatesque pertinent. f 
philanthropically ; bimané (/cind- 
ly): Cic. Usu. better expr. by circuml, 
vy. preced. art. 
philanthropist: v. PHILANTHROPIC. 
philanthropy: caritas generis hu- 
mani: Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65: himanitas. 
Philippic: Philippica (sc. oratio): 
Cic. Att. 2, 1,2: the word is used as a 
true subs. Juv. 10, 125 (divina Phi- 
‘lippica!) (N.B—When simply = in- 
vective, attack, expr. by invébor, in- 
sector, criminor, etc.: Vv. TO INVEIGH 
AGAINST.) 
philippize: use Gk. word, qAcr- 


migetv, Demosth. p. 287, init. 
hilistine: Philisthaeus: Vulg. 
1 Reg. xvii. 8, sqq.: pl.  Philistim, 


orum; ib. v. 4. In fig. sense, Phi- 
listinus (quem dicunt Teutonici). 
philologer 1, phildlogus (a man 
philologist § of extensive erudition, 
pelagic variaque doctrina Suet. Gr. 
10): Sen. Ep. 108, 29 (where it denotes 
knowledge of the subject matter of a 
historical work). (N.B—Though not 
used in exactly the modern sense by 
Classical writers, it is perfectly legiti- 
mate so to use the word, for the sake of 
brevity. Also perh. philologicus, acc. 
to analogy of historicus, geometricus.) 
2. grammaticus: cf. Cic. Div. 1, 51, 
116, grammatici poetarum explanatores 
sunt; also, Suet. Gr. 4, init.: v. GRAM- 
MARIAN. 8. expr. by circumL, *anti- 
quarum litterarum, doctae s. eruditae 
antiquitatis studiosus, peritus, Kr.; *in 
re philologica multum versatus. 
philological: *phildlogicus : ‘Mor- 
hof, 1, 21, 14, etc. 
philologically : *ex ratione philo- 
logica. 
philology: *phildlogia: only as 
scient. ¢. ¢. (Kr.): cf. Sen. Ep. 108, 24. 
Better perh. (res) philologica: Morhof, 
I, 21, 14, etc. See alsoGKAMMAR. Phr.: 
the study of p., *antiquarum litterarum 
studia; antiquitatis eruditae peritia. 
philoprogenitiveness : *liberorum 
procreandorum cupiditas. 
philosopher : 1, philéséphus : 
Cic. de Or. 1, 49, init.: Varr. 2. sa- 
piens, ntis (one actually wise ; whereas 
philosophus is strictly, one who pursues 
knowledge, ct. Cic. Tusc. 5, 3): Vv. WISE. 
Phr.: to assume the title of p., philo- 
sophiam profiteri, Cic. in Pis. 29, 71. 
philosophic 1, philésdphicus 
philosophical § (pertaining to phi- 
losophy): grave or p. discussions, serii 
vel p. tractatus, Macr. Sat. 7, 1, init.: 
M.L. (In Cic. Tusc. 5, extr., the true 
reading is probably philosophas [not 
philosophicas] scriptiones: but, though 
late, the adj., as above, is necessary for 
the lang. o! philosophy.) 2. pbilo- 
séphus (savouring of philosophy : v. rare 
as adj. 
(savouring of philosophy), nullum ver- 
bum nisi p., Macr. Sat. 7, 1, med.: 
Pacuy. in Gell.-13, 8 (odi homines ig- 
nava opera, philosopha sententia, i. e. 
men whose talic is thut of philosophers) : 
Cic. (2): v. supr. (N.B.—Not to be 
used = pertaining to philosophy ; which 
is either philosophicus, as above, or to be 
expr. by circuml.: v.infr.) 3, expr. by 
phildsdphia, phildséphi: p. works, libri 
qui sunt de philosophia, Cic. Off. 1, 1, 33 
libri ad philosophiam pertinentes ; [ex 
rofesso } philosophiam continentes, Sen. 
ip. 100, 85 *libri de studiis philoso- 
phiae scripti: not a poyular but a p. 
expression, non vulgi sed philosophorum 
verbum, Cic. Ac. 1, 7, 25: @ truly p. 
temperament, *ingenii temperamentum 
philosopho dignum [ingenium vere phi- 





): not a word that was not p.. 


PHOSPHORUS 


losophum, cf. supr. 2]; quale philosophi 
debet esse. 

philosophically: 1. philospbice 
(late): Lact. 3, 14, fin. (philosophice, ad 
philosophiam vivere). 2. usu. better, 
unless in purely technical lang., expr. 
by circuml.: ad philosophorum morem, 
Cic. Or. 14, 46 (or, philosophorum more) ; 
ad pbilosophiam, Lact. v. supr.; *ex 
praeceptis philosophiae ; *ut philosephus 
debet, ut philosophum decet (the latter 
phrr. having reference to practice rather 
than theory). 

philosophize: philéséphor, 1 (¢o 
apply oneself to philosophy ; pursue phi- 
losophic questions) : Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, exty. 
See also TO ARGUE, REASON, MORALIZE. 

philosophy : |. Reasoned truth: 

1, philésépbia (Gk. ¢rAogodia) : 

defined by Cic. as, studium sapientiae, 
de Off. 2, 2, 5: also used to denote 
different departments or schools of phi- 
losophy: moval p., p. moralis, Sen. Ep, 
89, 8 (suggested by Cic. Fat. init., as a 
substitute for the circuml., ea pars pbi- 
losophiae quae de moribus est): natural 
p.» p. naturalis, Sen. l. c.: theoretical or 
practical p., p. contemplativa (= Gk. 
Gewpyn7ixy), activa (Gk. mpaxtixy), Sen. 
Ep. 95, 10: two (different) p.s, duae p., 
Cic) Of, 3; (24,1 107. 2, sapientia 
(strictly, that wisdom or knowledge of 
which philosophia is the desire and aim : 
cf, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58: hence = p. on tts 
practical side, as wisdom attained): p. 
offers herself as the surest guide to plea- 
sure, p. certissimam se ducem praebet 
ad voluptatem, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43: 
ancient p. taught only what was to be 
done and what avoided, antiqua s. nibil 
aliud nisi facienda et vitanda praecepit, 
Sen. Ep. 95, 13. 3. ratio (theory): 
impious principles of p., impia rationis 
elementa, Lucr. 1, 82: the Epicurean p. 
(system) which is well known to most, 
Epicuri r. quae plerisque notissima est, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 5, init.: so, Stoicorum ratio 
disciplinaque, id. Off. 3, 4, 20. Il. 
he principle of anything; ratio: v. 
THEORY, PRINCIPLE. 

philtre; Amatdrium (medicamen- 
tum, poculum); philtrum (rare, and best 
only in pl.): v. LOVE-POTION. 

phlebotomize: venam seco, etc.: 
v. foll. art. (Phléb6témo, 1; with acc. of 
person: Coel. Aur.) 

phlebotomy: sanguinis detractio: 
Cels. 2, 9; or expr. by venam incidere, 
sanguinem mittere, detrahere, etc.: ib. 
2, 10, et pass. (Phlébétémicé, és: Coel. 
Aur.) 

phlegm: |. Afucus: 1, pitiita 
(or as three syll.): when there is a dis- 
charge of p., qaum p. abundat, Cic. Tusc. 
4, 10, init.: ef. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, ext7., qaum 
p. molesta est: Plin. 2, phlegma, 
itis, 2. (only as med. ¢. t.): to dispel p., 
p. dissolvere, Pall. 8,6: Veg. Vet. — [I. 
Coldness of temperament: \entitido : 
V. INDIFFERENCE. (Tarditas ingenii, Cic. 
Or. 68, 229 [Kr.], is defect of natural 
talent, dulmess.) Or perh. patientia: cf. 
Plin. Ep. 6, 21,.5 (“ patientia de animo 
humili qui perfert etiam indigna”). 

phlegmatic: |. Lit.: phlegma- 
ticus: p. humour, p. humor, Theod. Prise. 
(Or expr. by circum]. with pituita: v. 
PHLEGM, 1.) |], Cool, apathetic: lentus: 
V. INDIFFERENT. 

phlegmatically: lente, indifférenter 
(v. rare): v. COOLLY. 

phlogistic: *phldgisticus: chem. ¢.¢. 

phoenix : phoenix, icis, m.: Tac. A. 
6, 28 (avis p.): Plin.: Ov. 

phonetic: *phonéticus: necessary as 
t.t. Phr.: to adopt the p. principle in 
orthography, *voces accuratins quemad- 
modum exprimuntur scribere ; *phone- 
tica (quam dicunt) scribendi ratione uti. 

phonetically : cf. preced. art. 

phosphorescence : expr. by liiceo, 
xi, 2: what is the cause of the p. of the 
sea? *cur lucent undae tenebris ob- 
ductis? *qua luce albescunt fluctus solis 
luce renota? 

phosphorescent: cf. preced. art. 

phosphorus: Phosphorus: v. MoRN- 
ING STAR. 








PHYSIOGNOMY 


photograph (subs.): *pictura photo« 
grapha (quae dicitur). 

photograph (v.): perb. *imaginem 
alicujus rei photographam excipere ; 
*arte photographica imaginem alicujus 
rei repraesentare. 

photographer: *phétogripbus. 

photography: *ars photogriphica 
(quae dicitur). 

phrase (suvbs.): lécitio: a large 
number of such p.s, multa talium |. copia, 
Gell. 1, 7, fin.: Quint. (Not phrasis: 
cf. Quint. 10, 1, 87, phrasis, id est corpus 
eloquentiae.) Touse such a p., *ita 
loqui; ea loquendi formula uti. 

phrase (v.): léquor; (verbis) ex- 
primo: v. TO SPEAK, EXPRESS. 

phraseology : i. ¢. diction: vica- 
bila, verba, lécitidnes (words, terms, 
pede it is necessary first to fami- 
liarize oneself with the p. of this author, 
*hujus scriptoris loquendi genus primum 
ac vocabula propria bene tibi inculcanda 
sunt: v. STYLE. 

phrenological: *phrén6légicus (qui 
dicitur). 

phrenology: *phrenologica (ars) 
quae dicitur, fertur. 

phthisic: phthisis, is, f.: Cels. 3, 
22: Sen. 
phthisical: pbthisicus (of persons): 
Plin. 20, 6, 21: Mart. 

phylactery: phylactérium (Gk. dv- 
Aax7mnpiov): Vulg. Matt. xxiii. 5: Hier. 

physic: médicina; médicamentum : 
V. MEDICINE. 

physical: |. Relating to nature 
or physics: physicus: ignorant of p. 
Science, p. rationis ignarus, Cic. N. D. 2, 
21, 54: oft. as subs., physicus =a p. 
philosopher, ib. 1, 30, init. See also 
NATURAL. ||, Relating to the body: 
expr. by corpus: p. strength, vires cor- 
poris, Cic. Sen. 10, 33: also simply, vires: 
that is a task requiring good lungs and 
p. strength, est (id) munus laterum et 
virium, ib. 9, 28; failure of p. strength, 
defectio virium, ib. 9, 29: that is a 
purely p. defect, not one of disposition, 
*corporis id vitium non ingenli volun- 
tatisque. 

physically : |. By a physical 
method, according to physics: physicé : 
Cic. N. D. 3, 7, 18. (Or by circuml., 
*ex physica ratione ; physicorum modo: 
V. PHYSICAL.) ||. Ju a way connected 
with the body: expr. by corpus: p. dis- 
qualified for service, *qui propter vitium 
corporis (propter valetudinem) militiae 
inhabilis est. 

physician: 1, médicus (any me- 
dical practitioner) : a very eminent p., 
m. nobilissimus atque optimus, Cic. Clu. 
21, init.: to employ a p., m. adhibere, 
id. Fat. 12, 28: cf. m. admovere, Suet. 
Ner. 37 (the latter phr. cannot be used 
of calling in a physician for oneself): 
to pay a p. his fee, honorem medico 
habere, Cic. Fam. 16, 9, ad jin. : see also 
DOCTOR ( fin.). 2, expr. by imperf. 
part. of médeor, 2 (cf. L. G. § 658): te 
abide by the advice of the ps, esse in 
potestate medentium, Curt. 3, 5, jin.: 
the liquid is in use among p.s, bumor in 
usu medentium est, Tac. H. 5, 6: Plin.: 
Ov. Phr.: to practise as a p., medi- 
cinam exercere, Cic. Clu. 63, extr.; m. 
factitare, Pollio in Quint. 7, 2, 26; m. 
facere, Phaedr. 1, 14, tntt.: @ very skil- 
ful p., vir medicinae [medicae] artis 
peritissimus, Aug. Conf. 4, 3. (For cir- 
culator, v. QUACK.) 

physics: physica, orum, nm. pl. : 
ignorant of p., physicorum ignarus, Cic. 
Or. 34, 119. Also, physica sc. ars (the 
science or theory, as distinguished from 
its subject matter): id. Fin. 3, 22, init. : 
or, physidlogia : cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 20. 

physiognomical : * physiognOmén- 
icus: Morhof Polyh., work by: cf. title 
of Arist. (?), dvovoyvwoveKa. 

physiognomist: physiogndmon, 
dnis (Gk. dGuTvwoyvwpwy Cic. Fat. 5, 10}. 

physiognomy: |. The art of dis- 
cerning character in features: * phy- 
siognomdnia (Gk. dvewyvwpovia’ Arist 
Phys. 2, init.): v. Morhof, de bac re: 
desirable to avoid such circuml. as, ars 

553 


rTHYSIOLOGICAL 


hominum mores naturasque ex corpure, 
oculis, vultu, fronte pernoscendi, Kr. (e 
Cic. Fat. 5,10): cf. Gell. 1, 9, init. To 
profess p., ™physiognoménem (better 
perh. az GE. duscoyvwpova) se profiteri : 
cf.Cic. Fat.l.c. |]. Cast of features : 
*vultus: cf. Cic. Fat. 1. c.: more pre- 
cisely, oris et vultus ingenium, Gell. 1, 
Q, init. 

physiological: physicus: v. PHy- 
sicau. Or perh. physidlégicus (Tert.), 
as %.% 

physiologist: physicus: v. PHY- 
sIcaAL. Or perh. physidlégus, as ¢. ¢. 

physiology : physidligia: v. prysics. 
Animal p., *ea pars physiologiae quae 
de animantium natura est: for brevity, 
*pbysivlogia animalis (quae dicitur). 

Placular: piacilaris, e: Liv. 1, 26, 
fin. (p. sacrificia). 

piano-forte: *clavichordium (Germ. 

wer): Kr. 

piaster (subs.): *piastra, quam voc- 


ant Itali. 
piazza: Vv. PORTICO. 
pick (v.): |, To pull off or pluck 


with the fingers: légo, carpo, 3: v. TO 
PLUCK, GATHER. |]. To separate with 
the fingers, removing alien substances : 
Phr.: to p. seed, *semina manibus le- 
gendo secernere et putamina tollere. 
(N.B.—To pick occurs most treq. with 
an inseparable prep.: v. TO PICK UP, 
OUT, OFF.) Ill. Miscell. Phr.: to 
p. wool, lanam carére, purgare, cf. Varr. 
L. L. 7, 3, 54: to p. the teeth, dentes 
(pinna, spina, lentiseo) levare, Mart. 14, 
22: perfodere, Petr. 32, appears to bea 
facetious expr.: cf. Mart. 6, 74, fodit 
ora laxa lentiscis: fo p. one’s nose, nares 
digito inquietare ac vellere, cf. Quint. 
U1, 3, 80: to p. pockets, manticulari (ex- 
plained by Fest., “ furandi causa manti- 
culas atwrectare,” i.e. to make free with 
people’s wallets, pouches, etc.: v. rare) : 
or by circuml., de corporibus (vesti- 
mentis) hominum furare: to have one's 
pocket p.d, zomam perdere, Hor. Ep. 2, 
2, 40: to p. a quarrel, jurgii causam in- 
ferre, Phaedr. 1, 1,4: cf. Liv. 21, 6, init., 
certamina serere: (to try) to p. holes in 
any one’s coat, vitia colligere in aliquem, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 80; or perh. *causas 
criminandi (aliquem) quaerere ; id agere 
ut alterius existimationem minuas, 
laudes s. virtutem detrectes. 

— off: Phr-.: to p. off caterpillars 
from plants, *erucis herbas (arbusta, 
etc.) levare: to p. the defenders off one 
by one, *defensores singulos telis (glan- 
dibus dejicere.) 

—out: |. To remove by picking : 
éligo, legi, ctum, 3: to p. lice out from 
the heads (of poultry), pedes e capite e., 
Varr. R. R. 3, 9, post med. See also To 
PLUCK OUT. _ ||, To choose out: eligo, 
3: top. out (the best) grapes for eating, 
uvam ad edendum e., il. 1, 54: to p. out 
(choose) any one you chuose out of three, 
de tribus e. quem velis, Cic. Ph. to, 2, §: 
ef. Tac. Agr. 9, haud semper errat fama, 
aliquando et eligit, i.e. it picks out the 
very man. In same sense, légo: to p 
out all the finest (seeds) with the hand, 
maxima quaeque manu legere, Virg. G. 
I, 199: Cic.: v. TO CHOOSE, SELECT ; also, 
PICKED. 

—up: 1. tollo, sustili, subla- 
tum, 3: to p. up stones from the ground 
(to throw), saxa de terra t., Cic. Caec. 
21, 60: to p. up feathers that have 
dropped, pennas quae deciderunt t., 
Phaedr. 1, 3, 5. 2. colligo, légi, lec- 
tum, 3 (to gather up a number of 
things): he (the miser) p.d up all the 
parings, collegit omnia praesegmina, PI. 
Aul. 2, 4, 34; Vv. TO GATHER UP. 3) 
sublégo, 3 (to p. up from beneath some- 
thing): to p. up wind-falls (fruit), 
baccam quae tempestatibus in terram 
decidit s., Col. 12, 50, init.: Hor. S. 2, 
8,12. In sim. sense with precedd., the 
simple verb: e.g. legere spolia caeso- 
rum, Liv. 5, 39. Colloq. Phr.: to p. 
up a living in some way or other, *qua- 
cunque opera unde vita sustentetur 
(inopia toleretur) colligere, corradere 
(VY. LIVELIHOOD): to p. up passengers, 

554 








PICTURE 


PIECE 





*vectures de via excipere: to p. up 
strength or flesh, convalescere; corpus 
aa (opp. to corpus amittere), Cels. 7, 
3, fin. 

Pick (subs.): ]. A tool: v. PICK- 
AXE, I]. Choice: expr. by éligo: v. 
TO PICK OUT. Il]. Z'hose that are the 
best: Phr.: the p. of all the legions, 
delecti ex omnibus legionibus fortissimi 
viri, Caes. B.C. 1, 57: boxers, the very 
p. of both countries, pugiles electissimi 
ex utraque regione, Suet. Cal. 18: see 
also FLOWER (11.). 

pick-axe: délabra: to undermine a 
wall with p.s, murum dolabris subruere, 
Liv. 21, 11, med. 

Picked (part. and adj.): 1. dé- 
lectus (esp. of troops ; chosen for special 
service): a p. force of archers, d. manus 
sagittariorum, Sall. Jug. 46: Caes.: v. 
VICK, subs. (IIL). 2. lectus (choice, 
possessing special excellence): the very 
p. men of a state, electissimi viri civi- 
tatis, Cic. Quint. 2, init.: Suet. (Not 
selectus: Vv. SELECT.) See also FLOWER 
(1I.), cHorce, adj. 

Picket: v PICQUET. 

Pickle (subs.): miiria (brine): Col. 


12, 47: Plin. Phr.: to be in p., in sale 
esse, Cato R. R. 162. 
Pickle (v.): Phr.: to p. in vinegar 


and brine, in aceto ac muria condire, 
Plin. 14, 19, 23: to p. elecampane and 
soak it in brine, inulam condire muria- 
que macerare, Col. 12, 46, extr. Phr.: 
elecampane can be p.d (preserved) in the 
following way, conditura inulae sic fit, 
Col. 12, 46: to p. hams (salt them), per- 
nas salire, Cato R. R. 162: Col.: v. To 
PRESERVE. (N.B.— Oliva conditanea, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 24, = 0. conditiva, Cato, 
R. R. 6, is a kind of preserving-olive: 
muriaticus, for muria conditus, rests on 
a single passage of Pl., Puen. 1, 2, 31 
and 38.) 

Pickled: muria s. aceto conditus: v. 
TO PICKLE. Also salitus (salted) : Col. 
6, 32. Also perh. conditivus, conditi- 
ciuS: V. PRESERVED. 

Pickpocket: perh. manticilarius 
(extr. rare): Tert.: v. TO PICK (Phr.). 
Mostly better to use gen. term, fur: v. 
THIEF. Yo be a p., *zonas compilare ; 
zonas compilando victum quaeritare. 

Picnic (subs. and v.): Phr.: to pic- 
nic (have a p.) by the river side, *juxta 
fluvium (sub divo) convivium celebrare, 
habere : in the original sense of the 
term, de symbolis edere (esse), to par- 
take of a feast to which all contribute, 
Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 2. 

Picquet: i.e. a guard postedin front 
of the enemy: statio, Onis, f. (strictly, 
the post or station; by meton. the troops 
occupying it): to post p.s at short inter- 
vals, crebras s. disponere, Caes. B. C. 1, 
73: to avoid the (enemy's) posts and p.s, 
custodias s.que vitare, ib. 59: our p.s 
were driven in, *stationes nostrae loco 
dejectae sunt. 

Pictorial: expr. by tabula, pictiira: 
a p. work, *liber picturis distinctus, 
ornatus: to possess p. power (in writing), 
*scribendo res quasi ob oculos ponere 
atque expingere; tanquam _pictoris 
quandam quadam artem in scribendo 
adhibere: cf. Cie. ‘Tusc. §, 39, 114. 
Nee pictorius in this sense: v. 

‘orcell. s. v.) 

Pictorially : *per tabulas; tabulis 
pictis adhibitis; pictura usus. 

Picture (subs.): |. in colours : 

1, tabiila picta: Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 36: 
to hang good p.s ina good light, t. bene 
pictas in bono lumine collocare, Cic. Br. 
75,261. Also without picta; when the 
context defines: so in the prov., manum 
de tabula! take your hand from the p. ! 
have done! Cic. Fam. 7, 25: Dimin., 
tabella (a small p. or one of a less ele- 
vated sutyect, e.g. “genre” picture) : 
Cic. Fam. 7, 23: Plin. 2. pictira 
(strictly the art of painting ; hence, 
meton. a picture): Cic. Verr. 4, init. 
(p. in tabula, in ey Il. Fig., of 
a verbal delineation: Phr.: he draws a 
vivid p. of the battle, *xpeciem formam- 











oculis cernere videamur, cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 
39, 114; *pugnae quasi imaginem quan 
dam pictam ob oculos ponit: what a 
charming p. is this! * quam venuste 
haec est imago ! 

picture (v.): in words, expingo, nxi, 
ctum, 3: Cic. (v. preced. art. jin.); also, 
dépingo, 3: Cic. Rep. 2, 2g: v. TO PAINT, 
DEPICT. Also, sometimes, fingo, 3: ve 
TO IMAGINE. 

picture-frame forma: Vv. FRAME 


— gallery: pinicdthéca: a p. rich 
in various kinds of paintings, p. vario 
genere tabularum mirabilis, Petr. 83, 
init.: Plin. 

Picturesque: Phr.: a p. sight, 
*species venusta et qualis in tabellis solet 
fieri; *talis species qualem in tabellis 
pictam videre solemus. (But usu. vénus- 
tus or Amoenus will serve: v. LOVELY.) 

picturesqueness : perh. vénustas: 
v. preced. art. 

Piddle: méio, mingo, 3: v. WATER, 
TO MAKE. 

piddling: v. PETTY. 

pie: |, The bird: pica: v. MAG- 
PIE. |]. Pastry: perh. crustum: v 
PAsTRY, A plum p., *pruna in crusto 
cocta. Ill. Printers’ term: Phr.: to 
knock the type into p., *typos disjicere, 
conturbare, 

Piebald: perh. bicdlor, Gris: cf. 
Virg. Aen. 5, 566, albis equus bicolor 
maculis. 

Piece (subs.). |, A bit of anything: 

. very oft. not expr. by any sepa- 
tate word, the subs. denoting that of 
which a piece is taken, being used: a 
dog carrying a p. of meat, canis carnem 
ferens, Phaedr. 1, 4: so id. I, 13, 3, de 
fenestra raptus caseus (=a p. of cheese) : 
ef. Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97,quum crbarius ei 
panis (a p. of brown bread) datus esset: 
SO, @ p. of paper, charta, chartula (v. 
PAPER): @ p. of ground, ager, Ter. 
Heaut. 1, 1,94: @ small p. of ground, 
agellus: more precisely, paulum agelli, 
id. Ad. 5, 8,26. (N.B.—The subs. alone 
may generally be used of that which is 
wont to be met with in pieces.) Ph. 
frustum (a roughly shaped bit, strictly, 
Sormed by breaking off): Cic. Div. 1, 15, 
2} (of bits falling from the mouths of 
Joul feeding): mouldy p.s of bread, 
mucida panis f., Juv. 14, 128: to cut 
up (@ carcass) in p.s, in frusta secare, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 212 (not a phr. suitable 
for prose). 3. segmentum: v. SLICE, 
Phr.: (i.) to cut in ps: minute (min- 
utim, minutatim) concidere, consecare : 
Vv. TO CUT TO PIECES. (ii.) to break into 
p.s: (1). comminuo, i, itum, 3 (to break 
to shivers): to break a statue in p.s and 
scatter them abroad, statuam c¢., dissi- 
pare, Cic. in Pis. 38, 93: to break in ps 
(smash) crystal vessels, vasa crystallina 
c., Petr.64: Plin. (2). confringo, frégi, 
fractum, 3 (infreq.): to break in p.s jars 
and cups, aulas calicesque c., Pl. Capt. 
4, 4, 8: to break in p.s a potter's vessel, 
vas figuli c., Vulg. Ps. ii. 9. (Diffringo, 
to break in two: rare.) (ili.) to tear in 
ps: (1). conscindo, scidi, scissum, 3 (as 
a fabric is torn): Cic.: v. TO TEAR. 
(2). discerpo, psi, ptum, 3 (as a body of 
any kind is rent and disintegrated): 
dogs tear in p.s the corpse, cadaver d. 
canes, Suet. Dom. 15: Cie. (3). divello, 
i, vulsum, 3 (like preced.): to tear a 
body in p.s and scatter it on the waves, 
corpus d. et undis spargere, Virg. Aen. 
4, 600: Ov.: Hor, (4). dilanio, 1 (to 
tear and mangle flesh): Vv. TO TEAR, 
MANGLE. (iv.) to pull to ps: discerpe, 
3: V. supr. (iii, 2). In fig. sense, to pull 
any one to p.s, vitia colligere in aliquem 
Cic. ‘Tusc. 4, 37, 80: also, carpere (ali- 
quem), Cic. Bal. 26, 57; more fully, 
sermonibus carpere, Liv. 7, 12, ad jin. : 
and with reference to rumour spread 
abroad, differre: cf. Tac. A. 1, 4, do- 
minos variis rumoribus differebant. 
(v.) to take to p.s: (1). dissolvo, vi, 
titum, 3 (by unfastening bonds of con- 
nezion ; usu. implying tke destruction 
of that which is taken to p.s): to take t© 


que pugnae ita expingit, ut propemodum | p.s what has been united, apta d., Cia 





PIECE 





Or. 71, 235. (2). dissuo, i, situm, 3 (by 
unstitching): V. TO UNSTITCH. (Vi.) to 
go or fall to ps: (1). expr. by pass. ref. 
of solvo, dissolvo, 3: the ship goes to p.s 
in the sea, solvitur in aequore navis, Ov. 
Pont. 1, 4,18 cf. Cic. Att. 15, 11, dissol- 
utum navigium. So, navis solutilis, a 
ship made so as to fall to pieces: Suet. 
Ner. 34. (2). dilabor, psus, 3 (gradu- 
ally; by the process of wearing and 
wasting): a ship decayed and fabling 
to p.s from age, navis putris et vetustate 
dilabens, Liv. (Forc.): Sen. (vii.) all in 
(of) one p.: sometimes perh., sdlidus 
(R. and A.). A garment all of one p, 
*vestimentum suturis carens. Fig.: to 
be all of a p., convenire, congruere ; nibil 
sibi discrepare+ v. TO AGREE. i. 4 
coin: ndmisma, atis, n. (Gr. voutopa) = 
v. corn. (Numus or nummus usu. = 
ready money in general or some par- 
ticular coin, as the didrachma, or the 
sestertius.) II] A written composi- 
tion: liber, libellus, fabiila, carmen, 
etc. acc. to the character of the com- 
position. |Y, A musical composition: 
perb. cantus, concentus, médus, etc. > v. 
music (I1.). V Of artillery  tor- 
mentum (usu. pl.): v. ARTILLERY 
piece (v.): perh. sarcio, résarcio, 4% 
Vv. TOMEND. Phr.: to p. cloth, *pannum 
assuere v, TO SEW ON. 
piecemeal: Phr. to tear any one 
p., [manibus} aliquem discerpere, Liv. 
I, 16, med. (v Piece, |, Phr. iii.) to treat 
(a subject) p. (not as a whole), divulsa 
et quasi discerpta contrectare, Cic. de 
Or. 3. 6, 24 (opp. to complecti tota) : 
r packet hus at last arrived p, 
tandem allatus est fasciculu~ tuus, nec 
integer is quidem sed conscissus atque 
discerptus. (Minute, minutim, minu- 
tatim = in small pieces.) 
piece-work: hr. they Follow the 
system of p., *ita operas conducunt ut 
non temporis sed operis confecti ratio 
habeatar. 
pied: miéaciildsus, versicdlor: v. 
SPOTTED, PARTICOLOURED. 
pier: |. Of a bridge or other 
edifice: pila (pillar or pile of any 
kind): to plant the arches (of a bridge) 
on p.s, in pilis fornices impouere, Liv. 
40, 51. I]. A mole: 1, moles, is, 
f. (any massive structure): he con- 
structed a p. for Terracina, m. ad Ter- 
tacinam confecit, Liv. l.c. Cic.: v. 
MOLE. 9, agger: v. MounD. (The 
best term for a wooden or chain p., is 
prob. pons: cf. Virg. Aen. 10, 288 
= landing-bridge.) 
pier-glass: *speculum parieti af- 
fixum. 
pierage : *pecunia quae pro merci- 
bus etc. ad molem expositis fimpositis] 
solvitur. 
pierce; |. Toborethrough: 1, 
perforo, 1 (to make a hole through): to 
p. a ship, navem p., Cic. in Quint. 8, 6, 
47: lo p. any one’s side with a sword, 
latus ense p., Ov. Tr. 3, 9, 26° lights 
(passages jor light) p.d from the soul 
to the eyes, \umina ab animo ad oculos 
perforata, Cic. N. D. 3, 4,9. (Less freq., 
efforo, 1, Col. 9, 1, ad init. ; and simple 
verb, foro, 1, id. 5, 10, ad fin.: Macr.) 
Q. perfddio, fodi, ssum, 3 (to dig 
through ; to stab): Cic. Virg. st 
pungy, 3- V. TO PRICK, PUNCTURE. 4, 
térebro, pertérebro, Iv. TO BORE. 
Phr_ the shield was found pa with 
120 holes, inventa sunt in scuto fora- 
mina cxx., Caes, B.C. 3, §3: Vv. HOLE. 
[|. To wound, transfiz: coufddio, 
transfodio, trajicio, etc.. v. TO STAB, 
TRANSFIX. II. Zo affect keenly : 
Phr. a guilty conscience, p.s [stings], 
mens sibi conscia stimulos adhibet, 
Luer. 3, 1032. that remark p.d his heart, 
descendit hoc verbum in pectus ejus, cf. 
Sall. Jug. 11 to be pd with especial 
grief, praecipuo dolore angi, Cic. Fam. 
43 they were p.d (pricked) to the leart, 
compuncti sunt corde, Vulg. Act. ii. 37. 
Piercing (adj.) : |. Very pene- 
mg penetrabilis, €. V. PENETRAT- 
ING, KEEN. |]. Of sounds, extremely 
acute: sup. of aciitus, acer: V SHRILL 


PILE 


PILLAGE 


To have a p, sound, *acutissime sonare. | p. of arms, congéries armorum, Tac. A 


II]. Of the mind, very shrewd and 
discerning: aciitus, perspicax, acer, etc.” 
V. ACUTE, PENETRATING. 

Piercingly: perb. aciit@: v. KEENLY. 

Pierian: Piérius: Hor.: Ov. P. 
semoks (the Muses), Pierides, Virg. E. 
8, 63. 

plety: piétas (primarily, dutiful 
conduct towards parents ; hence also, 
towards the gods: ct. Cic. Part. 22, fin., 
justitia erga deos religio, erga parentes 
pietas nominatur; together with id. 
N. D. 1, 41, 116, where the definition is 
given, est pietas justitia erga deos): for 
the sake of precision, use, p. adversus 
deos pein} id. Fin. 2, 22, 73. or, p 
erga Deum, Or. pro Dom. 41, 107. 
Join pietas et sanctitas, id. Off. 2, 3, 
11; pietas, sanctitas, religio, id. N. D. 1, 
2,3. (As distinct from pietas, sanctitas 
denotes irreproachableness of life; re- 
ligio, scrupulous regard for oaths, etc.) 

pig: |. The young of swine; also, 
in gen. sense, a@ boar or sow: por- 
cus: the sow should feed her own p.s, 
scrofa suos alat oportet p., Varr. R. R. 
2, 4, med.: the farm house abounds in 
p.s, kids, lambs, poultry, villa abundat 
porco, haedo, agno, gallina, Cic. Sen. 16, 
56: sucking p.s, p. lactentes, Varr. |. c. 
Fig. a p. of Epicurus’ herd, Epicuri 
de grege p.. Hor Ep. 1, 4,eztr. Dimin., 
porcellus (a little p., a porker) : Phaedr. 
2, 4, 15 (=sucking p.): Varr.: Suet. 
The dimin. porculus also occurs (Gell. 
4, II, porculis minusculis victitare, to 
live on sucking p ). but is very rare. Of 
pigs, piy-, porcinus* e. g., p.-meat, por- 
cina (sc. caro), Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 7o (more 
freq. suilla); v PoRK. See also, SWINE, 
HOG, SOW. I]. Of metal: perh. later, 
éris, m. (lit. a brick): cf. Plin. 33, 3,17 
(1. aurei, argentei): or, tiibiilus, ib. 33, 
6, 35 § 106. 

pigeon: 1, cdlumba: v. DOVE. 

2. pailumbes, is, c.- less freq., pa- 
lumba, ae (wood-p.): Virg. E. 1, 58. 
Varr. Phr. p.s’ milk, lac gallinaceum° 
Plin. pref. § 24: Petr 

pigeon-hole: lécilamentum (ef. 

1. 8, 8, ad init.); or in pl., locili, 
orum: ¥. COMPARTMENT. 

pigeon-house: columbarium~ Col. 
8, 8, ad init 

piggery : suile, is, n.: Col. 7, 9, extr. 
(Hara = sty) 

pig-headed : perh. plumbeus: Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 1, 3 (caudex, stipes, asinus, 
plumbeus). Cic. See also OnsTINATE. 

pigment: pigmentum: v. PAINT. 

pigmy : |. In strict sense, the 
Pygmies, Pygmaei, drum: Plin. 7, 2, 2: 
Gell. I]. Any diminutive person: 
pumilio, dnis, c.: Sen. Ep. 76, 24 Mart. 
Also, pimilus: Suet. Aug. 83: Stat. 
See also DWARF. 

pigsty: bara: Varr. R. BR. 2, 4° Cic. 
(fig. with ref. to the school of Epicurus), 
in Pis. 16, 37. 
Pigtail: Phr. to wear the hair ina 
p. *crines in formam caudae demittere. 

pike: |. A weapon: sarissa (the 
p.of the Macedonian phaiangites)* Liv 
9, 19, med.: Lucan, (Hasta denoted 
properly, a spear or javelin for hurling 
from a distance; but the elongated 
hasta of Iphicrates [Nep. vit. 1] was 
evidently a pike for thrusting: pilum 
is the heavy javelin of the Roman in- 
fantry.) See also SPEAR. I. Phe 
fish: perh. laipus Hor S. 2, 2, 31: 
Plin. or, lucius, Aus. Id. 10, 123 (*esox 
lucius, Linn. cf. Plin. 9, 15, 17). 

pikeman: sarissdphorus (in Maced. 
phalanx): Liv. 36, 18. With ref. to 
other troops, *miles praelonga hasta ar- 
matus. 

pilaster: pirasta, ae, f.; or, paras- 
titica, ae, f.: Vitr. 5, 1 $$ 6,7: Plin. 
33, 3, 15 (in either case the MSS. fluc- 
tuate between the two forms). (Paras- 
tas, in Vitr 10, 15, is an upright support 
in a catapult.) 

Pilchard: *clupea harengus minor, 
Linn. (R. and A.). 

pile (subs.) = 


acervus, cimiilus, strues: v. HEAP. A | I. v. TO ROB 





2; 22. ||. Funeral pile : 1. régus 
to raisea funeral p., r. exstruere, Cie 
Fin. 3, extr.: to place any one’s corps 
on the funeral p., aliquem in regum im 
ponere, id. lusc. 1, 35, 855 interre, id 
N. D. 3, 35, init.: to mount the p, 
ascendere in r., id. Div. 1, 23. 47 = 
pyra (Gk. wvpa" rare and only puet.): 
Virg. Aen. 6,215. Ov. II]. A massive 
edifice: moles, is, f : princely p.s, regiae 
m., Hor. Od. 2, 15, init.: Cic. IV. A 
timber driven into the ground, to Jorm 
a support for building: sublica~ Caes. 
B. G. 4, 17 (of a bridge): Liv. 23, 37. 
Hence, pons sublicius. the pile bridge, 
Liv. 1, 33: Plin. VY. Only in pl, 
piles: Vv. HEMORRHOIDs, Vi. The 
nap of cloth: perh. villus v. Nav (L.). 

pile (v.): 1. congéro, ssi, stum, 
3: their shields were p.d upon her, scuta 
illi congesta (sunt), Liv, 1, 11, fin : to 


| p. on dry sticks, arida virguita c., Suet. 


Caes. 84: to p. up towns with the hand, 
oppida manu c., Virg. G. 2, 156. 2. 
exstruo, xi, ctum, 3 (esp. with ref. to 
funeral piles): Cic. Fin. 3, extr.: Suet. 

3. acervo, cdicervo; ciimiilo, 1: v 
TO HEAP. Pbhr.: to p. arms, *arma in 
unum locum conferre to p. the logs 
upon the fire, ligna super foco [in focum_ 
large reponere, Hor. Od. 1, g, init.: to 
Pp. up the agony, *rei atrocitatem om- 
nibus modis augere atque amplificare. 

pile-driver: fistiica. Caes B.G 4, 
17, med. 

Piles: Vv. HEMORRHOIDS. 

pilfer: 1, surripio, ripui, reptum, 
3 (to snatch away privily ; to purloin) : 
to p. sacred vessels from a private house, 
Vasa ex privato sacra s., Cic. Inv. 2, 18, 
init.: top. a table-naplcin, alicui map- 
pam s., Mart. 12, 29, 10 Hor >. 
compilo, 1 (to rifle, sieal from : with ace. 
of person or object,/rom whom or what) : 
slaves p. their masters’ goods, as they 
abscond, (domipum) compilant servi 
fugientes, Hor.S. 1, 1,78 to p. the con- 
tents of any one’s writing-desk, alicujus 
scrinium c., ib. eztr.: Cic. Phaedr. 

3. furor, suffiror, 1: v. TO STEAL. 

pilferer: fir o.s of the treasury, 
f. aerarii, Sall. Cat. 52, med. Or expr. 
by verb: v. TO PILFER. 

pilfering (svbs.): surreptio (rare): 
Apul. (su. furtum will be precise 
enough. v. THEFT. 

pilgrim: * péregrinator: *qui reli- 
gionis ergo [causa] peregrinatur: cf. 
Erasm. Coll. i. p. 339, qq. For the use 
of the imperf. part. as subs., v. L. G. 
§ 658. (N.B—From the context, pere- 
grinari, peregrinator, alone will usu. be 
precise enough.) 

pilgrimage: *péregrinatio religionis 
causa facta; cf. Erasm. Coll. i. p. 330: 
or simply peregrinatio (the context de- 
fining): no p. ts regarded as having 
greater sanctity, nulla p. religiosior, ib. 
p- 360. To goon p.s, sacra loca visere, 
ib. ii. p. 2735 *sacra loca religionis causa 
visere, adire. 

ill: piliila: Plin. 28, 9, 37 § 138° 
M.L. Phr.: that was a bitter p. for 
him to swallow, * tulit hoc molestissime 
acerbissimeque, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, 
152; *hanc contumeliam iniquissimo 
animo concoxit. 

pillage (v.): 1, praedor, 1 (strictly 
intrans.; in later authors also trans): 
the prospect of plundering and p.ing, 
spes rapiendi praedandique, Cic. Ph. 4, 
4,9: top. the property of the farmers, 
de aratorum bonis p., id. Verr. 3, 78, 182: 
to p. the allies rather than the enemy, 
socios magis quam hostes pr., Tac. A. 12, 
49. Engaged in p.ing, praedabundus . 
Sall. Jug.go. 2, diripio, ui, reptum, 3 
(only trans.): to p. (sack) a town, oppi 
dum d., Caes. B. C. 1, 21, fin. (Praedor 
is to carry off booty from @ country or 
town, diripio, to ransack and rifle 
utterly, as soldiers do a city taken by 
storm.) 3, popiilor, 1 (to lay waste): 
Vv. TO RAVAGE, DEVASTATE, 4. com- 
pilo, 1 (to rifle): t p. temples, templa 


|. A heap or mass: | c., Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86. Liv. So, expilo, 


5, spdlio, 1 (te despoil 
555 


PILLAGE 


strip of ornaments, furniture, etc.): 
Cic.: Sall. 
pillage (subs.) : 1, rapina (most 
gen. term): their thoughts ave of nothing 
but p., nil cogitant nisi rapinas, Cic. Cat. 
2, 5, 19: to lay waste by fire and p., 
incendiis, rapinis vastare, Hirt. B. G. 8, 
25: Caes. 9, direptio (ransacking 
and sacking of a place): a city aban- 
doned to p. and fire, urbs relicta direp- 
tioni et incendiis, Cic. Fam. 4, 1, med. 
8. expr. by verb: the hope of p. 
praedandi spes, id. Ph. 4, 4,9: to allow 
soldiers the p.of a town, *oppidum mili- 
tibus diripiendum relinquere, concedere: 
for syn. Vv. PILLAGE, subs. See also PIt- 
LAGING (Subs.); PLUNDER. Phr.: to live 
by p., *ex praeda vivere. 
pillager: praedator: v. PLUNDERER. 
pillaging (subs.) : praedatio: Tac. A. 
12, 29: Vell. See also PILLAGE, subs. 
pillaging (adj.): praedabundus: Sall 
Jug.go. See also PLUNDERING, adj. 
pillar: |. 4 column : ], cdl- 
umna (a column): Cic.: Vitr.: Hor. 
(Not in this sense, columen: cf. Vitr. 4, 
2,1.) The p.s of Hercules, Herculis col- 
umnae, Plin. 2, 67. 67: called also, Her- 
culeae metae, Lucan 3, 278. 9. pila 
(a@ massive support or p., esp. of a 
bridge) : he contracted for the p.s to a 
bridge over the Tiber, locavit pilas 
pontis in Tiberim, Liv. 40, 51: Hor. 
[]. 4 prop or support (fig.): columen, 
inis, n. (strictly, the mainstay of a house, 
gable post): a p. of the state, c. reipub- 
licae, Cic. Sext. 8, 19: Ter.: Hor. : 
v. PROP. 
pillared: célumnatus: Varr. R. R. 
3, 5, post med. (Or by circuml., columnis 
fultus, instructus: Vv. PILLAR.) 
pillion: Phr.: to ride on a p., 
*pone (post) virum in equo sedere. 
illory: *pillorium (quod dicitur) : 
y. Du Cange, s. v. (variously spelt). Or 
expr. by gen. phr., to stand in tie p., 
*flagitii probrive causa propalam ad- 


stare. (The ancients had no similar 
penalty.) 
pillow (subs.): 1, pulvinus (any 


cushion): Cic. Fam. 9, 18, extr.: Nep. 
Q. cervical, lis, n. (for resting the 

back of the neck and head upon): they 
fasten p.s to their heads with linen (asa 
protection), c. capitibus imposita linteis 
constringunt, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 16: Suet. 
Ner. 6, jin. 

pillow (v.): i.e. to support as on a 
pillow (Milt.), suffulcio, 4: v. TO PROP. 

pilot (subs.): in gen. sense, giber- 
nator (steersman, helmsman) : Cic. Sen. 
6, 11: Virg. Oft. fig., v. GOVERNOR. 
Phr.:; the p. of the state, qui sedet ad 
gubernacula reipublicae, Cic.- v, HELM 
(L.). (The function of a harbour pilot, 
may be expr. by, vada monstrare 5 navis 
cursum dirigere.) 

pilot (v.): in gen. sense, guberno, 1: 
v. TO STEER. Cf. preced. art. 

pilotage; Phr.: to pay p., *ei mer- 
cedem dare qui in portum navis cursum 
dirigit. 

pimp (subs.): léno, Gnis, m.. Ter.: 
Cic.: Hor. See also, PROCURER. Phr.: 
to be a p., lenocinium facere, Ulp. Dig. 
3, 2, 4 § 23 1. profiteri (as by profes- 
sion), Suet. Tib. 35. 

pimp (v.): léndcinium facio; v. pre- 
ced. art. 

pimpernel: anagallis, idis, f.: Plin. 
(*A, arvensis, Linn.) 

pimping (svbs.): lénodcinium: to be 
reduced to get a living by p., egestatem 
lenocinio sustentare, Auct. red. in Sen. 
5, If: Vv. PIMP, subs. 

pimple; pustiila: ps arising from 
perspiration, p. quae ex sudore nas- 
cuntur, Cels. 5, 28, 15: Plin. See also 
PUSTULE. 

pimpled, pimply: pustiilosus : Cels. 
5,26, 31 (with ref. to pustules of disease). 
Pur.: ap. face, *os pustulis crebrum. 

pin (swzbs.) : |, The small pointed 
instrument so called: Acus, ts, f. (a 
needle or pin: cf. Germ. stecknadel, 
a neeite for sticking) : = hair-p., Mart. 
14, 24. 
clivus: Vv. PEG, 

556 





| 
i 


PINION 


|, Lit.: to fasten with 
‘ v. Mart. 14, 24. 
|. 70 pierce through and fasten to 
something : affigo, 3: v. TO FASTEN TO. 

pin-cushion: *pulvillus acubus ser- 
vandis. 

pin-money: péciilium (uxoris) : 
Ulp. Dig. 23, 3,9§3. Phr.- to give a 
wife p., *uxori (pecuniam) in privatos 
sumptus praebere: cf. Cic. Verr. 3, 33, 
init. 

pincers: forceps, ipis, c.: to seize @ 
tooth (to be extracted) with the p., dentem 
forcipe (al. forfice = shears), Cels. 7, 12: 


Virg.: v. ToNGs. See also TWEEZERS 
(vulsella). 
pinch (v.) : |. To nip as with the 


finger-ends : vellico, 1 (to twitch, fillip, 
pinch): Quint. 6, 1,41 (from the circum- 
stances related, it evidently means fo 
pinch in this place). Or expr. by cir- 
cuml. : crabs p. severely with their claws, 
*cancri quodcunque forcipibus suis arri- 
puerint comprimunt acerrime. See also 
TO SQUEEZE. ||. To inconvenience by 
want of space, etc.: coarto, 1: v. TO 
CONFINE. Phr.: entertainments where 


one is p’d for room, nimis arta con- | 


vivia, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 29: people p..d up 
in a narrow theatre, arto stipata{ Roma] 
theatro, ib. 2,1, 60. Phr.: to p. oneself 
for food, fraudare se ipsum victu suo, 
Liv. 2, 10, extr.; defraudare genium 
suum, Ter. Ph. 1, 1, 9: Liv ll. Zo 
hurt by pinching, gall: tro, ussi, ustum, 


3: tf your shoe p. being too small, | 


calceus si minor uret, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 43. 
IV, To nip with cold, iro, praeuro, 

3: v. To nip (I1.). V. Zo distress 
greatly, of poverty: perh. urgeo, premo 
(cf. Virg. G. 1, 146, urgens in rebus 
egestas): Vv. TO PRESS. 

pinch (subs.): Pbr.: a couch that 
will hold four at a p., *lectus quattuor 
convivarum capax, ut quam artissime 
recumbant ; or, quattuor convivarum 
quum plurimum capax: v. MOST, adj. 
(fin.). 

pinchers : 
PINCERS. 

pinching (adj.) : angustus: p. po- 
verty, a. pauperies [paupertas], Hor. Od. 
3, 2, 1° ef. res angusta domi, Juv. 3, 
164: also, Virg. G. 1, 164, duris urgens 
in rebus egestas. 

pine (subs.): _ 1, pinus, ts and i, f. 
(dat. and abl. pl. only pinis). Virg. : 
Hor.: Plin.: used poet. for a p.-torch, 
Virg. Aen. 9,723 or @ ship, as built of 
p.-wood, ib. 10, 206. 9. pinaster, tri 
(= pinus silvestris, Scotch p.): Plin. 16, 
10,17. Made of p., pineus: a p.-forest, 
p. silva, Virg. Aen. 9, 85: Ov.: @ grove 
of p.s, pinétum, Ov. F. 2, 275: Plin.: 
yielding p.s, pinifer, piniger (poet.): @ 
p.-cone, pinea nux, Plin. 15, 10, 9: or 
simply, pinea: Col. 5, 10, med. 

pine (v.): 1, tabesco, bui, 33; also 
tabeo, 2, poet. (to waste away): to p. 
with longing for, desiderio t., Cic. Cat. 
2,4,6; with grief and misery, dolore 
ac miseria t., Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 12: p.ing 
(wasted) cheeks, tabentes genae, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 221: Ov. 9. macresco, ma- 
cesco, 3 (to grow lean): v. LEAN. Fig.: 
the envious man p.s away at the sight 
of his neighbour's wealth, invidus al- 
terius macrescit rebus epimis, Hor. Ep. 
I, 2, 57: 8. sénesco, sénui, 3 (strictly, 
to grow old; hence, to wane, languish) : 
to p. away with longing (of lambs), 
desiderio s., Varr. R. R. 2, 2, ad fin.: 
Hor.. Liv. Strengthened, codnsenesco, 
3. to p. away in sorrow and tears, 
moerore et lacrimis c., Cic. Clu. 5, 13: 
Col. 4, conficior, fectus, 3 (to be worn 
out); V. TO WEAK OUT. 

pine-apple: the tree, *ananassa sa- 
tiva, Cycl. The fruit, perh. pinea: v. 
PINE-CONE. 

pining (swbs.): tabes, is, f. (any 
wasting malady): Virg. Aen. 6, 442 
(quos durus amor crudeli tabe peredit). 

pinion (svbs.): penna (in this sense, 
puet.). to sour on no mean p., non tenui 
ferri p., Hor. Od. 2, 20, init. « untiring 


forceps, ipis, ¢.: Vv. 


Il. 4 kind of nail or peg: |,p., p. metuens solvi, ib. 2, 2, 73 Vv. WING. 


pinion (v.) : révincio, nxi, nctum, 4 





PIPE 


Virg. Aen. 2, 57 (manus juvenis post 
terga revinctus) V. TO BIND. 

pink (subs.): *dianthus (Linn.), 

pink (adj.) : nearest word, puniceus 
(defined by Forcell. as, rubens, rubicun- 
dus, sed dilutus, faint red or purple) : 
cf. Virg. Aen. 12, 77 (puniceis invecta 
rotis Aurora). Phr.; mushrooms with a 
p. skin, fungi qui rubent callo diluto ru- 
bore, Plin. 22, 23, 47: fo grow p. diluto 
rubore rubescere. See also RED, ROSY. 

pink (v.): pungo, perforo: v. TO 
PRICK, PIERCE. 

pinnace: perh. lembus~ Liv.: v. 
Lat. Dict. s. v. : 

pinnacle: |. Lit., @ part of a 
building elevated above the rest; fasti- 
gium (strictly, the gable-top of a roof, 
where it rises toa point): ct. Liv. 40, 2, 
fastigia aliquot templorum culminibus 
abrupta tempestas dissipavit (which 
words show that the fastigium was 
more elevated than the culmen; the 
latter term denoting the top of any 
building, even flat-roofed, as houses 
were): I mount the topmost p. of the 
house, summi fastigia tecti ascensu supe- 
ro, Virg. Aen. 2, 302. (Pinnaculum is 
very late; e.g. Vulg. Matt. iv. 5: pinna 
is a battlement, not a pinnacle: cf. Caes. 
B. G. 5, 40.) Il. Fig.: fastigium: v. 
EMINENCE (II.). 

pint; nearest measure, sextarius: 
Cato; Cic.: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

pioneer : explorator viae: Suet. Tib. 
60. (Munitor = sapper or miner; ex- 
cavator.) In fig. sense, praecursor: V. 
FORERUNNER. 

pious: 1. pius, comp. magis and 
maxime pius (dutiful to parents ; hence, 
to the gods, as standing in like relation 
to men): the superl. piissimus was used 
by M Antonius, Cic. Ph. 13, 19, 43; and 
(though declared not to be Latin by Cic. 
lc.) is freq. in later writers in sense 
of most dutiful and affectionate: to 
distinguish between the p. and impious, 
p. et impiorum rationem habere, Cic. 
Leg. 2,7,15. 2, sanctus (of pure and 
spotless life): cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 19, 49, 
vir in publicis religionibus foederum, 
sanctus et diligens (most conscientious). 
Phr.; aneminently p. man, religionum 
diligentissimus cultor, Liv. 5, 50, init. 5 
praecipua (singulari) religionis conser- 
vandae cura, cf. Val. Max. 1, I, 12; in- 
signis pietate vir, Virg. Aen. 1, 10. See 
also RELIGIOUS, CONSCIENTIOUS, UPRIGHT. 

piously: 1. pic: Join: pie sancte- 
que, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56: pie inviola- 
teque, id. Sen. 22, fin. 9. sancté 
(irreproachably) : Cic. (Or expr. by mo- 
dal abl., [eum] magna, summa pietate : 
V. PIETY.) 

pip (subs.) : |. In fowls ; pituita. 
Pall. 1, 27 (defined as, alba pellicula 
quae linguam vestit extremam [galli- 
narum)): Col. : Plin. I. Zu fruit 
sémen, inis, m. (gen. term): Vv. SEED 
In grapes, acinus (vinaceus), Cic. Sen. 
15, 523 or, nucleus, Plin, 23, 1, 9: in jigs, 
granum, Cic. l.c. 

pip (v.): i. e. to ery as a@ chicken: 
pipio, 4: Col. 8, 5, med. 

pipe (subs.) : |. Musical ; fistiila : 
Virg.: Hor.: used of a pitch-p., f. ebur- 
neola (of ivory), Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225. 
(Other poet. terms are, Avena, an oaten 
p., Virg. E. 1, 1: @ reed p., calamus: 
esp. in pl., to denote a Pam's p., ct. ib. 
2, 32, Pan primus calamos cera conjung- 
ere plures instituit: hemlock-p., cicuta, 
ib. 2, 36: Lucr.) I]. A tube: 5 
tubus: earthenware p.s, t. fictiles: Col. 
1,5, init.: Plin. Dimin., tibilus (not 
necessarily with dimin. sig.). Varr, R. 
R. 1, 8, med. (t. fictiles): Vitr.: Plin. 

9, canilis, is, ., less freq. 7. (@ con- 

duit p., or for draining); wooden p.s, 
iligni c., Virg. G. 3, 330: Caes. B. C. 2, 
to (where the word appears to denote a 
hose for discharging water). Dimin., 
canaliculus (small p.): Col. ||. For 
smoking; perh. infurnibilum (used for 
inhaling fumes medically). Plin. 24, 
15, 85 (is nidor per inf. imbibitur in- 
veteratae tussi: al.infundibulum). Or, 
trajectorium (“quod Itali pipa (An- 


ah he Eee 








PIPE 


licé, pipe} vocant,’’ Forcell.s.v.) Plin. 
Val. Coa for the same purpose as pre- 
ced.). (Fumisugium is barbarous, and 
tabulus hardly applicable.) Phr.: he 
occasionally indulged in a p., nicotianae 
usu interdum se delectavit, Bruder, 
Spinos. pref. IV, Measure of wine: 
cileus or culleus (= about 120 gallons) < 
Cato R. R. 148: Varr. ; 

pipe (v.). te. to play on a pipe; 
(tibia s. fistula) cano, canto: v.10 PLAY. 

piper: fistiilator: Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 
227 (there denoting a person employed 
to give a speaker the right pitch). Or 
use tibicen, cinis, m. (a player on the 
tibia): v. FLUTE. 

pipkin: olla (gen. term): Cato, R. 
R. 158. 

piquancy: perb. vis: cf. Cic, Att. 1, 
16, 4, nam cetera non possunt habere 
neque vim, neque venustatem, neither 
piquancy nor liveliness ; or sometimes, 
sal, siles: v. wit. Or expr. by salsus: 
there is a p. about those (witticisms) 
which involve a latent suspicion of the 
ridiculous, salsa sunt quae, etc., Cic. de 
Or. 2, 69, init. 

piquant: |. Of flavours: Acer, 
cris, cre: V. PUNGENT. Or expr. by cir- 
cumL: @ p. flavour, *talis sapor qui 

alatum [tardum] excitare possit. |], 

ig., of wit: salsus, facetus: v. wirry. 
Sometimes vénustus may serve, denoting 
that which is neat and clever : cf. Cic. 
de Or, 2, 63, 2553; ib. 65, 262. Phr.: 
to say something p., acute aliquid dicere, 
ib. 68, 275: a p. kind of art, (vidiculi) 
genus non insulsum, ib. 64, 259. 

piquantly: salsé, faceté, acute: v. 
WITTILY, ACUTELY. 

pique (subs.): offensio: v. OFFENCE. 
To have a p. against any one, alicui 
offensum esse, Cic. Clu. 62, init. 

Pique (v.): Phr.: to p. oneself 
upon anything, jactare se de aliqua re, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 21, imit.: Vv. TO PRIDE 
(oneself). 

piracy: 1, latrdcinium (robbery 
and freebooting, by land or sea): a na- 
tion infamous for p., gens latrociniis 
maritimis infamis, Liv. 10, 2: to get a 
living by p., latrocinio maris vitam 
tolerare, Just. 43, 3: the sea being infest- 
ed with p., latrociniis ac praedationibus 
infestato mari, Vell. 2,73. 2, piratica 
(late, and hardly to be adopted): to 





_ practise p., p. exercere, Just. 8, 3: Quint. 


8, 3, 34 (where it is stated that the word 
was not accepted as good Latin in the 
youth of Quint.): pseudo-Cic. post Red. 
Sen. 5, 11. Fig., literary p., perh. 
*latrocinium s. furtum librarium (by no 
means, litteratum, which may denote 
plagiarism but certainly not piracy). 

pirate (subs.): 1, praedo, dnis (a 
robber, freebooter in general: hence 
usu. with some defining term): Nep. 
Them. 2 (pr. maritimus): also absol., 
Suet. Caes. 4: Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107, etc. 

Q, pirata, ae, m. (Gr. retparys): Cic. 

Off. 3,29, 107: id. R. Am. 50, 146: Vell. 
(N.B.—For ordinary lang., or when the 
particular kind of robbers is assumed 
to be known, the more suitable term is 
praedo: cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 28,72, where the 
term pirata is first used and afterwards 
praedo. also id. Off. 1.c.) Phr.: acap- 
tain of p.s, archipirata, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 
qo: to be a p., *latrocinio maritimo 
uti: v, PIRACY. 

pirate (v.): Phr.: to p. a work, 
*librum fraude interceptum edere. 

viratical:; 1, piraticus: a p. 
vessel, navis p., cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 73 
{the kind of vessel there named is 
myopiro)- Vell.: Plin.: the “ piratical” 
war, bellum p., pseudo-Cic. post Red. 
Sen. 5, 11 (N.B.—In Cic. that war is 
called, b. maritimum, Manil. pass.), 

2, praedatorius (engaged in depre- 

dation, whether in regular war or not): 
Pl. Men. 2,2, 69: cf. Liv. 29,28. Phr.: 
@ p. race, *gens latrociniis maritimis 
dedita; gens latrocinia maritima agitare 
Solita: v. PIRACY. 

Piscatory: piscatorius: Caes. ; Plin. 

Pish (tnterj.): perh. phy or phui! cf. 
Yer. Ad. 3, 3, 58. 


PITCHED 


Pismire ; formica: v, ANT. 

Piss (v.); méio, mingo, 3; v. WATER 
(to make). 

Piss (suvbs.) trina. Vv. URINE, 

Pistachio. pistacia (the tree): Plin. 

P vera, inp: The nut, pistacium 
-eum); Plin.. Pall 

pistil. *pistillum (in pure Lat. a 
pestle) * only as t.t. 

Pistol; not to be expr. in decent 
Latin perh. *stlopétus (scl.) minor. 

pistole: *aureus Hispanicus. 

piston ; embolus musculus: Vitr. ro, 
7 (12), 3. 

Pit (swbs.): 1. A cavity in the 
ground: 1, puteus: tosinka p, inthe 
ground, p. in solido demittere, Virg. G. 
2, 231: used for storing corn, Varr. R. 
R. 1, 57: see also mine (I. 3). Pie 
fovea (usu. for entrapping animals) : 
to hide carcases in p.s, (cadavera) fo- 
veis abscondere, Virg. G. 3, 358: v. 
PITFALL. (Scrobs, scrobis, usu. a hole 
or trench for planting.) ll. The 
grave: inferi, Orcus: v, GRAVE (IL). 

Il]. The cavity under the shoulder: 
ala, axilla: v. ARMPIT. IV. Of the 
stomach: *ventris pars ima (infima). 

V, A small depression in the skin: 
lactina: cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 9, ad init., 
supercilia cana et sub ea lacunae, B 
Of a theatre: perh. cavea (strictly in- 
cluding the whole audience-part of an 
ancient theatre, which was, in fact, all 
pit): Cic. Sen. 14, 48, etc.: v. Dict. Ant, 
p. 1122, a. 

pit (v.): |. To mark with depressions, 
as in small-pox : Phr.. the skin is p.d, 
excavantur in cuti foveae [better, la- 
cunae }; imprimuntur cuti notae, Syden- 
ham, p. 122: a face p.'d with small-pox, 
*facies ex variolis maculosa, vario- 
larum notis [cicatricibus}] distincta, 

|]. To set together in fight: com- 
mitto, 3: to p. Latin boxers against 
Greek ones, pugiles Latinos cum Grae- 
cis c., Suet. Aug. 45: Juv. 

Pit-a-pat: Phr.: to go p., palpitare: 
Vv, TO THROB. 

pitch (subs.); |, The resin: pix, 
picis, f.: Plin.; Hor. Of p., piceus: 
Lucan 10,491 (Vv. PITCHY) : to smear with 
p.» picare (v. Prrcu, LV.). Il. De- 
gree of elevation, esp. in certain phrr. : 
highest p., fastigium summum (Vv, EMI- 
NENCE, [I.): to such a p., buc, eo, or 
adeo; to what a p., quo: foll. by part. 
gen.: to get to such a p, of arrogance, 
eo arrogantiae progredi, Suet. Aug. 77. 
to what a p. of madness, quo amentiae, 
Liv. 28, 27: Cic. {. In music. 
Phr.: at the highest p. of the voice, 
summa voce, Hor.S. 1, 3,7: wm every voice 
there is an intermediate p., in omni 
voce medium quoddam est, Cic. de Or. 
3, Or, init.; a high, low, intermediate p. 
of the voice, vox acuta, gravis, media, 
Macr, Sat. 1, pref. med. IV. Jneli- 
nation: fastigium : V. SLOPE. 

pitch (v.): A. Trans.: |. To 
Fasten, set* Phr.: to p. one’s camp, 
castra ponere, Caes.: Liv, pass.; to p. 
tents, tabernacula (sc. militum] statuere, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 81 (eo die tabernacula sta- 
tui passus non est, quo paratiores essent, 
etc.): also, to p. one’s tent, tentorium 
ponere, Ov, F. 3,5273 t. statuere, Lucan 
9, 912: in wider sense, sedem habere, 
Sall. Jug. 18, init. II, Zo fling +: con- 
jicio, 3: v. TO THROW. Ill. 7b set the 
key-note for music: Phr.: top. a tune 
too high or low, *acutius vel gravius 
quam decebat sonare, canendo praeire- 
v. Piven, subs. (ILL). IV. Zo cover 
with p.: pico, 1: to p. wine-jars, dolia 
p., Cato R. R. 25 Suet.: Col. Also, 
impico, 1 (7. rare): Col. (Or by circumL., 
pice illinere, linere, etc.: v, TO SMEAR.) 

B, Intrans.:  j, Zolight on; in 
this sense, usu. to pitch upon incido, 3: 
Vv. TO FALL ON (I, IIL, LV.). Il, Of 
ships, to rise and fall from bow to stern: 
*in longitudinem sursum deorsum ferri, 
inclinari. 

pitched (part. adj.): Phr.. to fight 
a p. battle, in acie dimicare, Caes, B. G. 
7, 64; manum conserere atque armis 
dimicare, ib. B.C. 1,20. tolead out forces 


PITIFUL 





for a p. battle, copias in aciem educere 
Liv. 31, 34,ezt7.: they never came toa p 
battle, nusquam ad universae rei dirmica 
tionem ventum eat, Liv. 1, 38, med.: & 
have the advantage ina p. battle, signi 
collatis superiorem esse, Liv. 38, 16: he 
fought 30 p. battles, tricies cum hoste 
conflixit, Suet. Vesp. 3 v. BATTLE. 

pitcher: 1, mrceus: Hor, A. P. 
22: Plin. Dimin., urcedlus: Col.: Juv. 

2, hirnea: Cato R R. 81. Dimin., 

hirnula ; earthen p.s, h. fictiles, Cic. Par. 
Es 6 

pitchfork: furca: Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24: 
Vv. FORK. 

Pitchpipe;: fistiila. Cic, de Or. 3, 60, 
225. 


5 
pitchy: 1. piceus (like pitch, 
black as pitch); p. darkness, p. caligo, 
Virg. G. 2, 309: Ov. 2. picaitus 
(flavoured with pitch): Plin.: Mart. 
piteous: |. Calling for pity: 
misérabilis: v. PITIABLE. |], Doleful, 
expressing sadness: 1, mistrabilis, 
e: p. cries, m. voces, Liv. 1, 29, fin.: a 
voice inclined to a p. tone, inflexa ad m. 
sonum vox, Cic, de Or. 2, 46, 193. S. 
fiébilis, e (full of weeping, tearful): a 
wretched and p. sight, misera et flebilis 
species, Cic. Ph. 11, 3,7: V. PLAINTIVE. 
3. lamentabilis, e (very doleful); to 
bewail in p. tones, |. voce deplorare, Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 13, 32. So, elamentabilis, ib. 2, 
24,57. Pbr.: to utter p. lamentations, 
fletus edere graves, Phaedr. 1, 9, 3. 
piteously ; i.e. in a sad and affect- 
ing manner: misérabiliter, fiébiliter: 
Cic.: for syn. v. PITEOUS. Or expr. by 
modal abl., miserabili s. lamentabili 
voce; ib. 
piteousness: expr. by adj.: v. 
PITEOUS. 
pitfall: fovéa: to hunt game by 
means of p.s, foveis feras venari, Plin. 
to, 38,54 to tumble into a p., in f. in- 
cidere, Cic. Ph. 4, 5, 12: Hor. Fig, 
=a snare, Pl. Poen. 1, 1, 59 (fovea 
aliquem decipere). See also SNARE. 
pith; médulla (both lit. and fig.): 
Col. 3, 18, extr. (of a vine): Plin. For 
fig. sense, v. MARROW. Phr.: the p. of 
the matter, caput rei: cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 31, 
77, caput litterarum (the p. or sum of 
the letter). 
pithiness: V. PITHY. 
pithless:; i.e. wanting force and 
life: perh. aridus, jéjinus: v. DRY, 
JEJUNE. An arid, p. style, aridum et 
exsangue orationis genus, Auct. Her. 4, 
11, 16. ef. Tac. Or. 18 (orator exsanguis 
et attritus, pithless and bare). 
pithy : |]. Lit.: expr. by mé- 
dulla: (a plant) that is very p., cui me- 
dulla plurima, Plin. 16, 25, 42. (Or 
medullosus: v. MARROWY.) ~~ [f. Fig. 
full of meaning : 1, sententidsus 
(full of thoughts concisely expressed : 
rare): a@ p. style, dictionis genus s., Cic. 
Br. 95, 325. 2, densus (packing one's 
matter close): Quint. 10, I, 106: more 
fully, densus sententiis, ib.§68. Join; 
densus et brevis, ib. § 73 (de Thucydide), 
3, expr. by sententia: e.g. sen- 
tentiis [acutus atque ] creber, Suet. Caes, 
55. sententiis densus, Quint. (v. supr.): 
cf, rerum frequentia creber, Cic. de Or. 2, 
13, 56. See also, Laconic. (N.B.— 
Apophthegma, for a pithy saying, is 
without ancient authority as Latin.) 
pitiable : 1, misérabilis, e (cal- 
ling jor pity): a p. sight, aspectus m., 
Cic. Ph. 2, 29, 73: Ov. 9. miseran- 
dus (like preced.): ina p. manner, m, 
in modum, Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 5: p. 
estate, m. fortuna, Sall. Jug. 14, med 
3, afflictus ( prostrate, in a ruined 
state): to be in a more p. condition than 
the rest, afflictiore esse conditione quam 
ceteri, Cic. Fam, 6, 1, fin.: to display to 
another one’s p. afflictions, alteri suas 
miserias luctu afflictas offerre, id. Att. 
3,9. See also MISERABLE. 
pitiably : 1, misérabiliter (in a 
manner calling for pity: infreq.): Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 40, 96: Val. Max. 9, misér- 
andum in modum ; Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 5. 
See also MISERABLY 3 PITEOUSLY 
pitiful: |, Fulof pity and com 
557 


PITIFULLY 





: miséricors, rdis Vv, COMPAS- 
BIONATE, MERCIFUL, I]. Fit to move 
pity: Vv. PITIABLE. Ul. Paltry, con- 
temptible: abjectus (mean): Join 
abjectus atque contemptus, Cic. Agr. 2, 
34,93 Vv. CONTEMPTIBLE. 

pitifully: |. Compassionately: v. 
MERCIFULLY. I], Dolorously : miséra- 
piliter: v. PITEOUSLY. [I]. Contemp- 
tibly : perh. abject€: v. MEANLY. 

pitifulness ; v.compassion, etc. (cf. 
preced. artt.). 

pitiless ; immiséricors; dirus, fer- 
reus V. UNMERCIFUL, HARD-HEARTED. 

pitilessly; immiséricorditer: v. uN- 
MERCIFULLY. 

pitman: Vv. MINER. 

pittance : 1, démensum (the 
daily allowance of food for a slave; 
called also, diurnum, diarium): what 
the poor fellow has barely saved out of 
his p., quod vix de demenso suo com- 
parsit miser, Ter. Ph. 1, 1. 9 cf. Sen. 
Ep. 80, 8 (diurnum accipere). 2). 
stips, stipis, f. (a@ small coin or sum of | 
money given): to hold out the hand for 
a p. (alms), manum ad 8s. porrigere, Sen. 
V. B. 25, 1: cf. id. Ben 4, 29, stips aeris 
abjecti. 3, mercédilla (trifling wages) : 
for a trifling p., mercedula adductus, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 45, init. (Or expr. by 
merces, with such adjj. as, exigua, par- 
va, tantula [tantula mercede adduc- 
tus, for so trifling a p.], quantula: v. 
WAGES.) 

pitted (part. adj.): v. To prr. (1.). 

pity (subs.): 1, miséricordia: to 
be overcome with p. for any one, miseri- 
cordia alicujus frangi, Cic. Att. 7, 12, 
med.: to move to p., aliquem ad m, in- 
ducere, id Br. 50, 188: cf. id. de Or. 1, 
12, 53 (mentes ad lenitatem m.que revo- 
care). g, misératio (act of pitying, | 
feeling of p.): Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 3: to 
excite p.(commiseration),m. commovere, 
Quint. 6, 1, 46. v. CoMMISERATION. To 
feel p. for, expr. by miséret: v. TO 
piry. Phr. it was a great p.that..., 
perincommode accidit quod..,, Cie. Att. 
1, 17. 1: what a p. vt is that..., *quam 
incommode factuin est quod! male fac- 
tum (est) ! 

Pity (vw): 1, miséret, uit [for 
misertum est, v. infr. 2], 2, impers. 
(with acc. of personal subject, and gen. 
of object): we p. those who..., miseret 
nos eorum qui..., Cic. Mil. 34, 92: et 
pass. Foll. by vicem, on account of 
(adverb. acc.), instead of simple gen., 
Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 2 (Menedemi vicem 
miseret me). 9, miséreor, itus and 
rtus, 2 (with gen. of object) Cic.: Liv.: 
Virg. Also used impers. (less freq.) : 
beware how you p. brothers..., cave te 
fratrum misereatur..., Cic. Lig. 5, 14, 
esp. in perf., misertum est: Scip. Agr. 
in Macr. S. 2, 10. (Commisereor, rare: 
Gell.) 3, miséresco, 3 (Strictly de- 
noting the gradual access of emotion; 
also with gen.: poet.): Virg. 4. 
miséror, 1 (in good prose, denoting the 
outward expression of pity; to com- 
miserate, condole with): p.ing (his) 
cruel fate, sortem animo miseratus ini- 
quam, Virg. Aen.6, 332: Tac. Strength- 
ened, commiséror,1: Nep. Ages. 5 (= to 
express pity for). 

pitying (adj.): miséricordiae plénus; 
Miséricors: V. COMPASSIONATE. 

pityingly ; cum (summa) misericor- 
dia: cf. COMPASSIONATELY. 

pivot; cnddax, acis, m.: Vitr. 10, 2 
(6), 11. In fig. sense, cardo, Inis, m.: v. 
HINGE. 

pix: pyxis, idis, f. (any small box or 
case): v. BOX (L. 6). 

placability : placabilitas: Join: 
placabilitas atque clementia, Cic. Off. 1, 
25, 88. (Or expr. by adj., placabile in- 
genium, placabilis animus v, foll. art.) 

placable : 1, placabilis, e: a 
mind at once easily provoked and p., 
animus irritabilis et idem p., Cic. Am. 1, 
1,17: Ov. 2, exorabilis, e (that may 
be prevailed upen, strictly, implying 
right or power to inflict punishment) : 
ef. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, extr. (where it 
stands bitte antithesis to implacabilis) : | 

55 





PLACE 


PLAGIARIST 





Hor. Or expr. by circuml., *qui (facile) 
placari 8. exorari potest. Phr.: @ p. 
temper, animus mollis ad deponendam 
offensionem, Cic. Att. 1, 17 I. 

placard (subs.): libellus to notify 
by p.s, edere per libellos, Suet. Caes. 41. 
Caes,: V. BILL (IV.). 

placard (v.): Phr.: to p. the walls 
of the city, *libellos omnibus urbis muris 
affigere; urbis muros libellis inducere 5 
per omnes muros proscribere. v. BILL 
(LV.); and TO ADVERTISE, 

placate: placo, 1: v. TO APPEASE. 

place (subs.) : |. Spot or position 
oceupied : 1, locus, pl. -i and -a (the 
neut. form denotes places connected to- 
gether, @ region): the Gauls who in- 
habited those p.s (or regions), Galli qui 
ea loca incolerent, Caes. B. G. 2, 4: at 
Rome in all p.s, Romae pe: omnes locos, 
Sall. Jug. 30: passim. 2 sédes, is, f. 
(natural or proper p. of): to push 
mountains from their p.s, montes de sua 
s. moliri, Liv. 9, 3, init. (Vv. SEAT) also 
poet.=locus: Ov. M. 4, 78. Phr.* in 
this p., hic (v. HERE): in that p., illic, 
istic, ibi (v. THERE): in what p., ubi (v. 
WHERE). in the same p., ibidem, Cic. 
Inv. 2, 4,14: Virg.: in some p., alicubi, 
Cic. Att. 9, 10, ad fin.: in another p., 
alibi (V. ELSEWHERE): in no p., nusquam 
(not nullibi, v. NOWHERE; and for the 
whole series, L. G. § 133) to this, that, 
what, the same, some, no p., uc, illuc 
(istuc, eo), quo, eodem, aliquo, nusquam 
(vV. HITHER, THITHER, etc.; also L. G. 


| $6 133): from this, that, what, the same, 


some, p., hine, illinc (istine, inde), unde, 
indidem alicunde, etc. (v. HENCE, THENCE, 
etc.; and L.G.§ 133). one to one p. and 
another to another, alius alio, Sutl. Cat. 
271: to station in different p.s, disponere, 
Caes. pass. (V. TO STATION, ARRANGE). 

|]. Room: lécus: v. Room. Phr.: 
to give p. toany one (as tolcen of respect), 
alicui decedere, usu. with via, de via; 
v. TO GET ouT(fiv.). In fig. sense, 
cédo: v. TO YIELD. I[]. With the 
idea of substitution: locus. if I were 
in your p., si ego in isto siem L, Pl. 
Bac. 4, 8,116 Cic. Esp. abl. loco=in 
p. Of : V. INSTEAD (I. 2). In samesense, 
vice: ib. Phr.: to appoint a consul, 
censor, etc., in the p. of one deceased, con- 
sulem, censorem, in locum demortui 
sufficere, Liv. 5, 31. IV. Official 
station: v. OFFICE (II). YY, Denoting 
succession: Phr.: in the first p., pri- 


mum, primo (v. FIRST, adv.): in the | 


next p., deinceps, proximo, etc. (V. NEXT, 
adv. Il.): in the last p., postremo (v. 
LASTLY). Miscell. Phr.: to take p., 
fieri, accidere (v. TO HAPPEN): to say 
something that is out of p., *aliquid 
parum in tempore (alieno tempore) di- 
cere: it is of the greatest moment that 
everything be in p., *magnopere in- 
terest, ut omnia congruant et quasi in 
suo loco reperiantur: that was quite 
out of p., *illud minime decebat. 
place (v.): 1, pono, posui, itum, 
3 (to put; station): to p. (deposit) docu- 
mentsin the treasury, tabulas aerario p., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 108: to p. a crown on any 
one’s head, coronam in caput alicujus p., 
Gell. 3, 15: he p.s a garrison there, ibi 
praesidium ponit, Caes. B. G. 2, 5. 
Comps. appono (v TO PUT): circum- 
pono (v_ TO PUT ROUND). dispdno (to p. 
at intervals, arrange): to p. guards at 
intervals along a wall, custodias in muro 
disponere, Caes. B. G. 7,27: to put in 
order together, compono (Vv. TO AR- 
RANG). 9. ldco, 1 (with special ref. 
to the relative position in which the 
object in consequence appears): he 
orders hurdles to be p.d facing (the 
enemy), crates adversas locari jubet, 
Caes. B. C. 3. 46: top. cavalry in front 
of the wings, equites pro cornibus L., 
Quint. 2, 13, 3. Comp. colléco, 1 
(strengthened from simple verb, and 
pointing to the placung of an object in 
connexion with other objects): to p. pic- 
tures in a good light, tabulas in bono 
lumine c., Cic. Br. 75, 261: beams are 
pd at equal intervals on the ground, 
trabes paribus intervallis in solo collo- 








cantur, Caes. B. G. 7, 23. 3, st&tuo, 
i, itum, 3 (to set up, p. anything in 
an erect position): V. TO SET, SET UP. 
In same sense, sisto, 3: Virg. Aen. 2, 
245. 
place at, before, against: 1. 
appono, 3 (full. by acc. and dat.; also 
with prep. ad repeated) fo p. before 
any one a sufficiency, alicui ap. tantum 
quod satis sit, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32,91: to p. 
a mark against a bad verse, ad malum 
versum notam ap., id. in Pis. 30, init. 
2. applico, avi and ui, atum and 
(later) itum, 1 (foll. by acc. and prep. ad 
repeated 5 less freq. dat.): to p. one 
wing of an army near a town, alterum 
cornu ad oppidum a., Liv. 29, 2. Cic. 

-——— before: praepono, antépono, 3: 
Vv. TO PUT BEFORE. 

—— between cramong: 1, in- 
terpono, 3 (with acc. and dat, or inter 
repeated): he p.s light troops amongst 
them, inter eos levis armaturae [milites] 
interponit, Auct. B. Afr. 13° Hirt. 
(oftener fig.). 9. interjicio, jéci, jec- 
tum, 3 (same constr.) the nose p.d be- 
tween the eyes, nasus oculis interjectus, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 143 Caes. 

— over: i.e. in command: prae- 
pono, praeficio, 3 v. TO APPOINT (1.). 

— round: 1, circumdo, dédi, 
datum, 1 (with acc. and dat., or acc. and 
abl [=to surround with something]; 
also absol.). to p. giv trds around, cus- 
todias c., Cic. Cat. . 4, 8. v. TO SUR- 
ROUND. Q, circumpod.o, 3 (infreg. and 
usu. absvl.): Hor, : Suet. 3, circum- 
jicio, 3 (with acc. and dat, or absol.)- 
Caes.: Liv 

— under: subjicio, 3 (with acc. 
and dat. or absol.) to p. eggs under 
hens, gallinis ova s., Plin. 18, 26,62 to 
move ships by means of rollers p.d under 
them, naves scutulis subjectis subducere, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 40. 

— upon: 1, impono, 3 (usu. 
with acc. and dat., or in repeated with 
acc. and less freq. abl.): to p. a diadem 
upon any one’s head, alicui diadema i., 
Cic. Ph. 3,5, 12 to p. any one's body on 
the funeral pile, aliquem in rogum i., 
id. Tuse. 1, 35. 85. Ter. also foll. by 
super and acc., Curt. 9, 7, ad fin. (pedem 
super cervicem jacentis impusuit), 2, 
stiperpono, 3 (usu, with acc. and dat.) : 
to p.a cap upon the head, pileum capiti 
s., Liv. 1, 34: a farm-house p.d upon @ 
hill, villa colli superposita, Suet. Gal. 4. 
Also, superimpono, 3: Liv.. Cels. 

place-hunter : *qui magistratus cee 
teraque ministeria publica mercedis gra- 
tia captat. 

placid: 1. plicidus: a p. and 

uiet firmness, p. quietaque constantia, 
ic. Tusc. 4,5, 10: p. sleep, p. somnus, 
Ov. F. 3, 185. 2, qui€tus v. QUIET, 
3, tranquillus: v. CALM, TRANQUIL, 
4, lénis, e: v. GENTLE, : 
placidity : expr. by adj., e. g. inge- 
nium placidum, etc.. Vv. PLACID. 

placidly ; plicidé, quiété, ete. v. 
PEACEFULLY. 

plagiarism: furtum (the context 
defining): to be guilty of p., f. facere, 
Ter. Eun. prol. 28: id. Ad. prol. 13: 
critics should approve not p.s but (ori- 
ginal) works, oportet judicantes non 
furta sed scripta probare, Vitr. 7, pref. 
$7. (Where the context does not define, 
t, litterarium, litteratum, may be used.) 
Phr.. to be guilty of p. on any one, 
furari ab aliquo, Cic. Att. 2, 1, init., 
de aliquo, Vitr. l. c.: also, intercipere, 
Suet. Gr. 5: more fully, scripta (aliena) 
furantem pro suis praedicare, ib. § 3: 
faceté, scrinia alicujus compilare (7. e. 
aliena scripta compilare), Hor. S. 1, 1, 
extr. . 

plagiarist : 1, perh. plagiarius 
librorum: cf. Mart. 1, 52, 9 (a facetious 
expr. = kidnapper of books) : or better, 

2, compilator: Isid. Or. 10, 44, com- 
pilator, qui dicta aliena suis permiscet, 
etc. (q. v.). Hier. (N.B—Best used 
with depend. gen.: as, alienorum scrip- 
torum compilator; veterum compilator, 
etc.) 3. perh. fur littérarius: cf 
PLAGIARISM. 


a: 





a 
. 


PLAGIARIZE 


plagiarize ‘ furor, compilo, 1, inter- 
cipio, 3: V PLAGIARISM, Phr. 
plague (subs.): |. Pestilence : 
pestilentia. v. PESTILENCE. I. Any 
great evil : i pestis, is, f.: Cic. 
N. D. 1, 36, 101 (= p. of serpents): v. 
scouRGE. Esp. to denote a very perni- 
cious person Vv. PEST. 2. p aga 
Vulg. Ex. xi. 1, etc. I]. Collog.. a 
source of annoyance: expr. by mdl- 
estus, ddidsus: cf. Ter. Kun. 3, 1, 24 
(ef. foll. art.) if you are determined to 
be a p., si porro esse odiosi pergitis, id. 
Ph. 5,7, 44. |V. Also colloq. in im- 
precativns malum! what, the p..are you 
telling me? quid, malum, mibi narras? 
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 18, et puss. Phr.- p. take 
you' in malam crucem! id. Ph. 2, 3, 
21- Pl.. so, abi dierecte! Pl. Most. 1, 
1 8. 

1: e (v.)* Pbhr.: don’t p. me, 
estas “ sis! Pl. As. 2, 4,63: at all 
events I shall p. him { molestus certe ei 
fuero! Ter. Andr. 4,1. 17: or expr. by 
molestiam alicui exhibere, Cic. Fam. 12, 
30; afferre, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 9 (Vv. TO 
TROUBLE, ANNOY): top.any one to death, 
enecare (enicare) aliquem; €. g. rogi- 
tando, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 6 

plaice; perh. passer, Gris, m.: Plin. 
g, 20, 36. 
plain (subs.): 1, campus: p.s and 
mountains, c. et montes, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 
94: they live in the expunses of extended 
ps, in camporum patentium aequoribus 
habitant, ib. § 93: very extended p.s, 
apertissimi c., Caes. B. G. 3, 26. 2. 
planities, éi (a level tract: usu. of less 
extent than campus): between the town 
and the hill was a p., erat inter oppidum 
et collem p., Cues. B. C. 1, 43: Sall. 
3, aequor, dris, n. (level expanse on 
water or land): cf. supr.(1). Belonging 
to the p. (as opp. to the hills), campester, 
tris, tre: villages situated in p.s, vici 
campestres, Liv. 40, 58: a march through 
the p., c. iter, Caes. B. C. 1, 66: neut. pl. 
used as subs.: Tac.G 43. Plin. 
plain (a4j.): |. Unadorned: 1, 
pressus (of style; curtailed of all re- 
dundancy or ornament): in diction, 
narrative is mostly p., verbis narratio 
saepius pr est, Quint. 9, 4, 134: cf. id. 
Io, 2, 16, fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, 
sis exiles (i. e. instead of p., they 
are jejune): also, Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: 
Plin. min. Q, subtilis, e (a term tre- 
quent in critical lang., and denoting the 
precise, unadorned, unambitious style 
suitable to narration or argument): 
Quint. 12, 10, 58, sqq.: also, Cic. Or. 23, 
78, haec subtilis oratio, quasi incompta, 
delectat): Join: subtilis [quaedam] 
et pressa oratio, Cic. Or. 5, ext. 3. 
ténuis (like subtilis): Join: tenuis 
atque inornatus, ib.9,29. 4, simplex 
v.smmpLe. (Cf. Hor. Od. 1, 5, 5, simplex 
munditiis, “plain in thy neatness,” 
Milt.) 5, incomptus (absolutely un- 
adorned, having no attention paid to 
person or style): Cic.: Quint. (v. supr. 
2). 6, purus (of gold or silver work; 
not chased ov otherwise wrought): p. 
silver (plate), argentum p., Cic. Verr. 4, 
22,49 Juv. Phr.: his style of dress 
was neat but p., *in vestitu decori stu- 
diosus erat sed extra omnes elegantias 
munditiasque. Il. Clear, without 
obscurity : 1, dpertus: v. OBvious, 
MANIFEST. Join. tam apertum tamque 
perspicuum, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, init. r 
planus (presenting no difliculties ; 
whereas apertus indicates the prima 
facie obviousness of a thing): to make 
anything abundantly p. to any one, 
aliquid cumulate p. facere alicui, Cic. 
Verr. 5,64, init.: Plin. 3, perspicnus, 
clarus, etc.: v. CLEAR, EVIDENT, PER- 
spicuous. 4, explicatus (like planus) 
an easy and p. case, causa facilis et ex., 
Cic. Plan. 2.5. — |. Frank, outspoken: 
1. simplex, icis: a trifle too p. (and 
blunt), simplicior, Hor. S. 1, 3, 63: p. 
words, s. verba, Suet. Tib. 61, med 
Q. sincérus: v. sINcKRE. Phr.: 
you have been so exceedingly p. with me! 
ita aperte ipsam rem locutus, nil circni- 
tione usus es! Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 31: Jand 





p. food, s. esca, Hor. S. 2, 2, 73 


See also FRANKLY. 
riety of diet: 


ment : 









PLAN 


you are perfectly p. with each other, 
ego ac tu simplicissime inter nos lo- 
quimur, Tac. H. 1, 15, fin.: V. PLAINLY. 
IV. Of diet, not mized: simplex 
Plin. : 

cf. Suet. Aug. 76 (cibus vulgaris). 
i Without ornament : 


1 ; 
Pir. to dress p., *mouice vestiri; nullis | 


vestitus munditiis uti; the lemples of 
these deities should be p. built. bis diis 
sine deliciis aedificia constitui decet, 
Vitr. 1, 2, 5° his house was very p. 


Surnished, instrumenti et supellectilis 


summa erat parsimonia, cf. Suet. Aug. 
43; “domus ejus nulla instrumenti 
supellectilisve maguificentia insignis. 

I]. Clearly, intelligibly: 1, aperte: 
to speak p., a. loqui, Ver. Andr. 1, 2, 24: 


Cic. Q, plané: Join: plane et aperte 


loqui, Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 15. 
Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 53. 


3. explicareé : 
4, énucleaté 


(of a speaker, who clears his subject of 


difficulties) : Cic. Br. 30, 115. See also 
CLEARLY, PERSPICUOUSLY. (For syn. v. 


PLAIN, CLEAR.) Phr_ to speak p. (not 
to indulge in mystification, ambages 
omittere, nulla circuitione uti, Ter. Andr. 
I, 2, fin. Il]. Unreservedly : simpli- 


citer, aperté: v. PLAIN (IIL, fin.). Phr.: 


to be p. and unmistakably refused, sine 
fuco et fallaciis negari, Cic. Att. 1, 1, init. 
IV. Without va- 
Phr.: ¢o live p., simplici 
(vulgari) cibo uti: v. PpLary (LV.). 
plainness: |. Absence of orna- 
expr. by adj.: v. PLarn (L.). 
I]. Clearness, intelligibility: v. 
PERSPICUITY. |||, Out-spolcenness : sim- 
plicitas (frankness) : Liv. 40, 47, med. 
plaint: quéréla: v. COMPLAINT. 
plaintiff: 1, pétitor, f pétitrix, 
(one who claims aught in law): to ap- 


pear in the character of p., petitoris 


personam capere, Cic. Quint. 13, extr. 


(as distinct trom tbat of an accuse, 
accusator : id. de Or. 1, 37.). 


Q. expr. 
by verb, is qui (¢a quae) petit, opp. to 
unde petitur (the defendant) : Ter. Eun. 
prol. 12. (In a criminal case, where 
damages are not sought, the plaintiff is 
accusator.) 

plaintive: 1, fiebilis,e: p. strains, 
f. modi, Hor. Od. 2,9, 9° Ov 2. mi- 
sérabilis, e: p, elegies, m. elegi, Hor. Od. 
I, 33,2. $3, quériilus (as it were, com- 
plaining): p. cries, q. ululatus, Ov. H. 
5,73. See also MOURNFUL. 

plaintively: 1, flébiliter: Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 35, 25 (f. canere). Hor. The 
neut, adj. is also used as adv (poet.)- 
Ov. R. Am. 36.  Q, perh. misérabiliter 
(in a tone of sadness or compassion) : 
Cic.: Quint. (Or expr. by modal abl., 
miserabili s. flebili voce: v. PLAINTIVE.) 

plaintiveness: expr. by aj.: v. 
PLAINTIVE. 

plait (subs.): |. A fold: plica- 
tira, riga: v. FOLD (1I.). I]. A lock 
of hair plaited: perh. *crinis intextus, 

plait (v.): perh. intexo 3: v. TO 
WEAVE, INTERWEAVE. (Necto, to twist, 
to twine: Vv. TO ENTWINE.) 

plaited (part. adj.): vitilis, e 
(wicker): Col.: Cato. 

plan (subs.); |. Project, design: 

1. consilium: to form a p. to do 
something, c. capere, foll. by ger. part., 
Caes. B. G. 3, 2: less freq. with inf., ib. 
7, 71. to abandon the p. of entering on 
war, c. belli faciendi abjicere (omit- 
tere), Cic. Cat. 2. 7, init.; c. repudiare, 
‘Yer. Andr. 4, 3, 18: to adhere toa p., in 
suscepto c. permanere, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 
112. 2. propositum: v. PURPOSE. 
3, ratio (course of carrying out any 

enterprise): your p. ts to..., tuar. est, 
ut. .,Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 11, fin.: this is 
usually my p. in speaking, mea r. in di- 
cendo haec esse solet, id. de Or. 2, 72, 
292: for the present he abandons his p. 
of..., in praesentia r. omittit... (with 
ger. part.), Caes. B. C. 1, 30 (where con- 
silium might have stood equally well; 
not in preced. exx.). Join: ratio 
viaque, Cic. Verr. 5, I, 4. 4, in- 
stititum (settled p. or course): in pur- 
suance of one’s p., i. suo, Caes. B. G. 1, 
50: Cic. I]. Design of a building or 


PLANK 





work of art, etc.: 1. forma: he de- 
‘ signed a new p. for the buildings of the 
city, f. aedificiurum urbis novam ex- 
cogitavit, Suet. Ner. 16: Vitr. Gell: 
cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, f. reipubticae, quale 
aedificium futurum sit. So of literary 
works: to depart from the p. of a work, 
formam proposi:i uperis excedere, Vell. 2, 
16, init. 2, descriptio- a ground-p., 
formae in solo areae d., Vitr. 1,2, 3 the 
site and p. of a city, (urbis) situs et d, 
aedificiorum, Cic. Agr 2, 16, init.: Plin. 
Ep. 5, 6, 13. 3. désignatio (like pre- 
ced., strictly, the act of plunning: also 
the design itself): the entire p of the 
whole fabric, omnia totius operis d., Cic. 
N. D. 1, 8, fin.: Vitr. 4, confurmatio 
Vitr. 5,6, init.: for which, also, dispocitio, 
id. 5, 9, extr. Phr.: a p. (cleratwn) 
of the front of a building, troutis imago 
modiceque picta operis futuri figura, 
Vitr.1,2,2 thep. of a Greele theatie is 
tn some respects different, in Graecorum 
theatris non omnia iisdem *vationibus 
sunt facienda, Vitr. 1, 7 (8), imit.: lo ex- 
hibit different ps of baths, depictas in 
membranulis varias species balnearum 
ostendere, Gell. 19, lo, med. (where im 
mediately afterwards forma is used, as 
the more technical expr.): to draw a p., 
designare, describere . v. foll. art. 

plan (v.): |. Zo arrange, pur- 
pose: |, intendo, di, tnm and sum, 3: 
nor can he carry out what he had pd, 
neque quod intenderat efficere potest, 
Sall. Jug. 25: so, with animo (unimis, 
of more than one), Cic. Ph. 10, 4, g. 
Foll. by inf.: v. TO INTEND. 2. expr. 
by consilium, with a verb: v. preced. 
art. 3. cOgito, excdgito,1: v. TO DE- 
VisE. (Molior implies action as weil as 
planning. cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 25, moliens 
de occupando regno, scheming and tak- 
tng steps with a view to usurpation.) 

I]. Yo design: 1. désigno, 1: to 

(mark out and) p. the walls of a city, 
moenia urbis d., Vitr. 2, pref. § 2: to p. 
the universe, omnium rerum descrip- 
tionem d., Cic. N. D. 1, 11, init. re 
describo, psi, ptum, 3 (to draw out as ix 
a diagram): Join: dimetiri atque 
describere, Cic. Sen. 15, 59. (To p.a 
building, formam aedificii describere, 
rather than simply aedificium d.: v. 
PLAN, subs. I1.) 

plane (subs.): |. A level super- 
ficies: expr. by planus: the neut. of 
which may be used as subs.: cf. Front. 
Goes. p. 31: Vv. PLANE, adj. ll. The 
tool: runcina: Plin. 16, 42, 82. Ill. 
The tree: platanus, i, f.: Cic. de Or. 1, 
9,28. Hor. A grove of p.s, platanodn, 
Onis: Petr. Mart. Made of p. vood, 
plataninus : Col. 

plane (adj.): planus: p. rectilineal 
Jigures. formae p. et rectis lincis com- 
prehensae, Front. Goes. p. 35- 

plane (v.)- runcino, 1: Varr. L. L. 
6, 10,77. Comp., deruncino, 1, to plane 
off: only in tig. sense =o cheat: PL 
Mil. 4, 4,6. See also TO sMOUTH. 

planet: *planéta, ae, m. (best con- 
fined to technical lang. pure Lat., stella 
errans, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, init.; sidus 
errans, Plin. 2, 6, 4 also, stella erratica, 
Sen. N. Q. 7, 23. Varr. in Gell: or, 
finally, erro, Onis, m., Nigid. in Gell. 14, 
1, med.): Gell. Ll. c.: Aus. Ecl. de nom. 
VIL. dierum _Isid. 

planetary: expr. by plinéta: v. 
preced. art. The p. system, *tota haec 
solis planetarumque descriptio. v. PLAN 
(iL.). 

plane-tree : V- PLANE (IIL). 

plank (subs.): _1, axis, is, m. (also 
written assis): oaken p.s, a. querni, 
Vitr. 7, 1, 2: Caes. Dimin., axiculus: 
Amm. 9. tabila (the word best 
suited for elegant prose; axis being a 
builder’s term: also, esp. @ p. oul of a 
ship) : to get hold of a planic in a ship- 
wreck, t. de naufragio arripere, Cic. Off. 
3, 23, 8g: Hor. 8, lamina or lamna 
(a thin p.): Vv. PLATE. To Join ps t- 
gether, as in forming a floor, coaxo or 
coasso,1 Vitr. 7, 1,53 the fabric being, 


coaxatio, id. 
plank ‘».)- 1, contabilo, x1 ( 
559 





PLANKING 


PLATONIC 


PLAY 








cover with boards): Caes. B. G. 5, 40: 
Plin. 2. coaxo (coass.): Vitr. 7, 1, 5. 
(N.B.—Coaxo appy. only of a horizontal 
planking : contabulo of either horizontal 
or perpendicular.) 
planking: contabiatio, coaxatio: v. 
preced. art. 
plant (subs.)° 1, herba (gen. 
term): wild p.s, [asperae et] agrestes 
h., Cic. Div. 1, 34, 76: et pass. (Often 
collect. : v. HERBAGE,) 9. in pl. only, 
gignentia, um, m. (v. rare); Sall. Jug. 
, med. So (perh. better), nascentia, 
itr. 5, 1,3. (Planta is strictly @ slip, 
scion ; used Juv. 3, 227 = herba.) 
plant (v.): |. Lit., to set a plant: 
], séro, sévi, satum, 3 (to sow or plant) : 
to p. (= cultivate) the olive and the vine, 
oleam vitemque s., Cic. Rep. 3, 9, jin.: 
Hor. Od. 1,18, t: to p. parsley by means 
of slips, plantis apium s., Col. 11, 3, 
ante med. : see also TO sow. 2. pono, 
posui, itum, 3 (to set): to p. poplars, 
willows, and elm-suckers, populos et 
salices plantasque ulmorum p., Col. 11, 
2, med. (et pass.): to p. vines in rows, 
. ordine vites, Virg. E. 1, 74: Hor.: 
all. Also comp. depono, 3: to p. seeds 
in a trench, semina scrobe d., Cul. 5, 4: 
Virg. G. 2, 24 (d. plantas sulcis). (N.B. 
—Planto = propagate by slips.) Il. 
To set with plants : 1, conséro, sévi, 
situm, 3: to p. fields, agros c., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 52, 130: to p. an olive-orchard, 
olivetum c., Varr. R. R. 1, 24. (Also 
sero in same sense: Ov. A. A. 2, 668.) 
2. obséro, 3: cover by planting: 
Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63. Ill. To set up in 
a certain place: 1, st&tuo, i, utum, 
3: to p. the standard (as signal for a 
halt), s. signum, Liv. 5, 55, fin.: Val. 
Max.: to p. a tent, tabernaculum s., 
Nep. Eum. 7: Caes. 2. pono, posui, 
itum, 3: (the consuls) p. their chairs 
in the forum, sellas ponunt in foro, cf. 
Liv. 3, 11, intt.: Nep. l.c. 3. infigo, 
xi, xum, 3 (to p. firmly, fasten in some- 
thing): to p.a standard firmly, signum 
inf., Cic. Div. 2, 31,67: v. TO FIX, FASTEN 
(in). (N.B.—Proponere vexillum is not 
to p. a standard, but to exhibit the battle- 
signal, a red flag: cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 20.) 
1V. Zo found a settlement, etc.: 
Phr.: to p. a colony, coloniam dedu- 
cere (in aliquem locum): v. colony ; 
also TO FOUND, SETTLE, 
plantain: plantago, inis, f.: Plin. 
Water p., alisma, atis, v.: Plin. (Alis- 
ma plantago, Withering.) 
plantation: i. e. a place set with 
trees: 1, plantarium (a bed in which 
young trees are kept for a time; nur- 
sery p.): Plin. 13, 4, 8. 2, arbustum 
(esp. of elms, for training vines on): 
ic. Sen. 15, fin. : Pall. 11, 4 (de arbusto 
faciendo). A p. of firs, pinetum; of 
oaks, quercetum, aesculetum, ilicetum, 
etc.: v. FIR, OAK, etc. Or expr. by cir- 
cuml., locus arboribus consitus, obsitus: 
V. OVERGROWN. 
planter: sator: Cic. N. D. 2, 34, 
tnit.: Col. Also, consitor (poet.): Ov. : 
Tib. The planters (in slave settlements), 
*agrorum servitiorumque possessores : 
p. of a colony, colonus qui coloniam 
deducit (v. SETTLER, COLONIST): the p.s 
of Christianity, *qui fidem Christianam 
apud gentes propagaverunt. 
planting (subs.): 1, satus, ts: 
the planting of vines, vitium s., Cic. 
Sen. 15, 52. Also, satio, onis: id.: Col. 
9, consitio (rare): Cic. Sen. 15, 
extr. Also, consitira: id. fr. in Non. 
(Or expr. by verb: v. TO PLANT.) 
plash (subs.): no exact word: Phr.: 
to listen to the p. of the waters on the 
rocks, *undarum sonitum excipere dum 
leniter in saxis franguntur. 
plash (v.): v. preced. art. 
plaster (subs.): |, Used in build- 
tng: 1, tectorium, sometimes tecto- 
rium opus (most gen. term; more freq. 
however denoting an ornamental Icind 
of p., adapted to receive colour: Vitr. 
) 3,1): to lay on p., t. inducere, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 55, extr.: Vitr.: Plin.: baths 
coated with common p., balnea gregali t. 
inducta, wees Kp. 86, 8: oft. pl. =p.- 
5 


iSall. Cat. 20: Cic. 





work, Plin., 3659.23, .55)- 00 able Pap 
albarium, with or without opus (made 
of pure lime, well steeped, maceratum) : 
Vitr: 95/23) Blint Lie 3, arenatum 
(lime and sand), marmoratum (lime 
and crushed marble): Plin. 1. c.: Vitr. 
4. cypsum (a kind of plaster of 
Paris): Plin. 36, 24, 59 (where its com- 
position is given). Made of such p., 
gypseus: Spart. Sev. 22 (Victoriae gyp- 
seae, figures of victory in p.): or, e€ 
gypso factus. |], Fig., mere outside: 
tectorium: Pers. 5, 24: Aug. Ul. 
Medical: emplastrum: Cels. 5, 272: 
Phin. 
plaster (v.): ]. As builders do: 
], indiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to lay on; 
hence with acc. and dat.: also, with acc. 
and abl.=to cover with plaster): v. 
preced. art. init. 9. trullisso, 1 
(roughly ; with trowel-work): Vitr. 7, 
3. gypso, 1 (with plaster of 
Hence as adj., gypsatus : 
of which Cic. has swperl. gypsatissimus, 
completely p.d over: Fam. 7, 6. i 
To coat thickly: lino, illino, collino, 
etc.: v. TO BESMEAR, COVER. 
plaster of Paris: v. PLASTER (I. 4). 
plasterer: 1, tector: Vitr. 7, 3, 
10: Cic. albarius: Imp, Cod.: 
Inser. in Forcell. 
plastic: plasticus (Gr. mAacteKds: 
pertaining to the moulder’s art): Vitr. 
I, 1, 13: also needful as art term, in 
wider sense. (Or expr. by circuml.: v. 
TO MOULD, FORM.) 
plat: of ground, v. PLOT. 
platane: Vv. PLANE. 
plate (subs.) : |. 4 thin layer of 
metal : 1, lamina, syne. lamna: a 
metal p. with an inscription was found, 
inventa est 1., et in ea scriptum..., Cic. 
Leg. 2, 23, 58: red hot p.s (used in the 
torture), 1. ardentes, id. Verr. 5, 63, 163: 
to draw (make) thin p.s of silver, 1. 
(ex argento) ducere, Plin. 33, 9, 45. 2). 
bractea (very thin leaf; used in plating 
goods): Lucr.: Virg.: ‘v. LEAF (II1.); 
and PLATED. Dimin., bracteola, Juv. 
I]. Wrought silver and gold: 1, 
argentum (used so as to comprehend 
gold as well as silver vessels, cf. Cic. de 
Or. 1, 35, 162, proposito argento, referring 
to the entire service of such utensils in a 
wealthy house): plain opp. to chased p., a. 
purum (opp. caelatum), Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 
49: ef. ib. 23, 52: also, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9, 
apponitur coena... in argento puro et 
antiquo: to use earthenware as if it 
were p., fictilibus sic uti quam argento, 
Sen. Ep. 5, 5. 2. vasa argentea 
(aurea): Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 116 (where 
gen. pl. vasorum argenteorum occurs) : 
Hor.: cf. ib., vasa magnifica et pretiose 
caelata: also, Corinthia (sc. vasa), chased 
p., Plin. Ep. 1. c. (avoid supellex argentea ; 
supellex being properly exclusive of 
plate). 8, todreuma, atis, n. (any 
chased, embossed work =caelatum opus): 
Il. 4 platter ; 
j. catillus: to dine out of a wooden 
p., ligneis c. coenare, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5: 
Hor. Q. patella: Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 2 
(nec modica coenare times olus omne 
patella, unless the word there = dish) : 
Mart. IV. Used for engraving : *la- 
mina: Kr.: Ern.: etc. The picture 
itself, is pictura ; or more exactly, imago 
[aeneae, aa laminae ope descripta, 
expressa (Kr.). 
plate (v.): Phr.: to p. with silver, 
*argento inducere; aeri (stanno, etc.) 
bracteam argenteam inducere (v. TO 
OVERLAY): to p. a vessel with iron, 
*navis latera ferreis laminis munire, 
firmare. 
plated (adj.): bracteatus: Sid. Fig.: 
of that which is unreal: p. (tinsel) hap- 
piness, b. felicitas, Sen. Ep. 115, 9. 
platform: suggestus, us; suggestum, 
i: to mount a p.,s. ascendere, Cic. Div. 
I, 54, 124 (neut. form): to utter anything 
on a p., aliquid pro suggestu pronuntiare, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 3: Liv.: Tac. (The abl, 
form in -u seems to be preferred.) See 
also STAGE. 
platinum: *platinum (¢. ¢.). 
Platonic: *!4tonicus: Plin.: Gell. 
1 





Platonism : *doctrina s. ratio Pla 
tonica. (Not Platonismus.) 

Platonist : (philosophus) Platoni 
cus; Gell. The P.s, illi a Platone, Cic 
Mur. 30, 63. ‘Or expr. by verb, qui 
Platonem sequuntur, etc.) 

platter: patella: v. PLATE. 

plaudit: usu. pl. plaudits: if 
plausus, us (applause expressed by clap- 
ping): Cic.: Quint.: V. APPLAUSE. Q, 
clamor (loud acclamations) : to spear 
with the loud p.s of the people, (cum) 
magno ¢. populi loqui, Cic. Fam. 12, 7: 
often pl.: to draw forth loud p.s, 
magnos c. efficere, id. de Or. 1, 33, 152: 
cf. Phaedr. 5, 5, 28, movere plausus et 
ciamores suscitare. (N.B.—Acclamatio 
in Cic, denotes shouts of disapproval.) 
Phr.: to bestow p.s, plaudere: esp. as 
the closing word of a play, plaudite ! 
give your p.s! Ter. 

plausibility: nearest word, proba- 
bilitas: or more exactly captiosa proba- 
bilitas (probability calculated to ensnare 
or deceive), Cic. Fin. 3, 21,92: Vv. PRO- 
BABILITY. 

plausible; nearest word, prébabilis, 
e: a p. (false) story, pr. mendacium, 
Liv. 40,29: these arguments are very p., 
* pr. haec in speciem argumenta sunt: 
V. PROBABLE. Phr.: to be p., *speciem 
probabilitatis prae se ferre: cf. preced. 
art. (Speciosus = making a fair show- 
thus speciosae causae, in Cic. Att. 16, 7, 
Jin., are respectable, presentable veasons, 
not ignominious ones.) 

plausibly : prébabiliter (not in itself 
at all implying deception): to argue p., 
p. argumentari, Liv. 23, 28, med.: v. 
PROBABLY. Phr.: to speak p., *cum 
quadam veri similitudine loqui ; speciem 
vere sincereque loquentis prae se ferre. 

Play (subs.): |. Recreation in 
general: 1, liidus (the proper word 
to denote play as opp. to work) to en- 
gage in exercise and p.in the campus, 
exercitatione ].que campestri uti, Cic. 
Coel. 5, init.: v. GAME. 9. lisus, is 
(act of playing): to give children ivory 
letters by way of p., (infantibus) eburneas 
litterarum formas in lusum offerre,Quint. 
1, 1,26. (Not in Cic.) 3. very often 
expr. by lido, si, sum, 3 (to beat p.): lo 
be with children when at p., *pueris lu- 
dentibus (dum ludunt) adesse: v. To 
PLAY. I]. Mere p., as easy as p.- 
liidus (Gr. macdca) : Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72. 

II]. Gaming: alea: v. GAMBLING. 
IV. Free action: Phr.: a field in 

which eloquence may have full p. 
campus in quo possit exsultare oratio, 
Cic. Ac. 2, 35, imit.: cf. Quint. 2, 17, 1 
exspatiari et indulgere voluptati: /is 


| powers had not free p. owing to the nar- 


rowness of the subject, *in tantis rerum 
angustiis parum libere movebatur ani- 
mus atque ingenium. V. Movement, 
esp. of a quick or graceful kind: ar- 
gitiae, arum: (quick) play of features, 
a. vultus, Plin. 35, 10, 36 § 67 (in Cic. 
Or. 18, 59, argutiae digitorum, denotes 
undignified gesticulation with the fin- 
gers): cf. Quint. 11, 3, 181, quare neque 
in gestu persequemur omnes argutias, 
i.e. every kind of p. of feature and per- 
son. Phr.: to make use of p. of hands 
or features, varias manus, diversos nutus 
adhibere, Quint. l.c.: cf. ib. § 184, actio 
paullo agitatior, i.e. a delivery marked 
by much gesticulation, or play of the fea- 
tures and person ; p. of colours : V. IRIDE- 
SCENCE. Y|, A theatrical piece: fabiila: 
to have a p. acted (teach the actors their 
parts), f. docere, Cic. Br. 18, 72: also, f. 
dare, id. Tusc. 1, 1, 3: to act a p., f. 
agere, ‘ler. Ad. prol. 123 to the end, 
f. peragere, Cic. Sen. 19, 70: a p. succeeds 
or is damned, f. stat, cadit, Hor. Ep. 2, 
1,176. Dimin., fabeila, a short p.: Cic. 
Also the specific terms, tragoedia, com- 
oedia, etc., may be used when needful: 
V. TRAGEDY, COMEDY, ete. Vij. In 
phr. fair play: Phr.: to see fair p., 
*videre ne quid malitiose (dolo malo) 
fiat ; prospicere ut omnia ex aequo et 
bono fiant (cf. Cic. Caec. 23, 65, ex 
aequo et bono non ex callido versute- 
que jure rem judicari oportere): fair 





PLAY 





p. ts a jewel, *nihil aequo et bono anti- 
quius! 

play (v.): |. To take recreation: 
lado, si, sum, 3 with abl. of the game 
played: to p. at ball, pila 1., Hor. 8.1, 

5,49: Cic. To p. odd and even, |. par 
impar, Suet. Aug. 71, fin.: Hor. Comp. 
colludo, 3 (to p. with): Hor. A. P. 159. 

I]. Zo frolic, gambol. 1. ludo, 3: 

Virg. G. 1, 363. 2, lascivio, 4 (of 

animals, gamboling about): Vv. TO FRISK. 

Ill. Zo p. games of hazard: aleam 
exerccre: Vv. TO GAMBLE, IV. Ona 
musical instrument : 1, cAno, cécini, 
cantum, 3: to p. on a stringed instru- 

ment: fidibus canere, Cic. Div. 2, 59, 
122; on the flute, tibiis c., id. de Or. 2, 
83,338. Also, (tibiis) cantare, Nep. pref. 
init. (where the ret. is to the practice of 
playing, not a single performance): 
Pl. 2. modiilor, 1 (rhythmically, 
tunefully ; chiefly poet.): to p. tunes 
upon an oaten pipe. carmina avena m., 
Virg. E. 10, 51: p. part. in pass. sense, 
Hor. Od. 1, 32, 5. Uther pvet. exprr. 
are, (cithara) perséno, Virg. Aen. 1, 7413 
insdno (calamis), Ov. M. 11, 161, Phr.: 
to teach any one to p. on a stringed w- 
strument, fidibus docere aliquem (sc. 
canere), Cic. Fam. 9, 22: see also FLUTE, 
LYRE, etc. V. in a theatrical piece < 
Phr.: to p. a comedy of Menander, 
Menandri [comoediam] agere, Ter. Eun. 
prol. 19: top. (the part of) a parasite, 
parasitum agere, id. Heaut. prol. 37 to 
p. the principal part, primas partes agere, 
id. Ph. prol. 27: also, esse primarum 
partium (= to be the leading actor, pro- 
tagonist), Cic. Div. Verr 15,48: to p. a 
second part (“second fiddle”’), in fig. 
sense, secundas (sc. partes) ferre, Hor. 5. 
1,9, 46: not to p. the part of a sove- 
reign, but of a servant, non principem 
sed ministrum agere, Suet. Cl. 29, init. 
Compare the expr. personam (partes) 
tueri, sustinere (/o sustain a certain 
character): v. part (LII.). See also 
TO FEIGN, PRETEND. Vi. To trifle: 
lado, illado, 3. v. TO MOCK, TRIFLE WITH. 

VII. In phr. to p. atrick: ludificor, 

1.v.TO FOOL. Phr.: we must p. off a 
trick upon the old gentleman, inten- 
denda in senem est fallacia, Ter. Heaut. 
3, 2, 2: cf. emungere (lit. to wipe a 
man’s nose for him; implying that he 
ts a fool), Hor. A. P. 238: to p. off a 
nice trick on any one, egregie alicui im- 
ponere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, med.: Ter.: v. 
TRICK. 

play-bill: libellus (gen. term). Cic. 

Ph. 2, 38, inif. (1. gladiatorum), 

— fellow: perh. colliisor; Cic. Ph. 
2; % 1o1 (= fellow-gambler). 

player: |. On the stage: histrio, 
actor, etc. ; V. ACTOR. I]. At hazard : 
aleator: v. GAMBLER. I]. On an in- 
strument: Phr.: to be a good p. on the 
Jute, tibiis (tibia) scienter (scite) can- 
tare, Nep. pref. init. A p. on the lute, 
fidicen ; on the flute, tibicen, etc.: v. 
LUTE, ete. 

_ playful: 1, lascivus ( frolicsome ; 
full of animal spirits and goyousness) : 
a p. kid, |. capella, Virg. BE. 2, 64. p. 
words become one at play, ludentem 
lasciva (verba) decent, Hor. A. P. 107. 
Join: 1. et hilare, Quint. 6, 3,27. In 
p. humour, lidibundus: Liv. 24, 16: 
Suet. 2, jdcdsus (mirthful, sportive) : 
Vv. SPORTIVE, MERRY. (Ludicer, cra, 
crum = relating to sport or games, esp. 
of a public kind, also, serving for re- 
creation.) Phr.: to indite p. strains, 


ludere, Virg. E. 1, 10: @ p. writer, 
“scriptor hilaris et ludo facetiisque 
plenus. 


playfully ;: jécdsé (in playful, sport- 
tve humour): Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 1 or. 

playfulness: lascivia: p. (gambols) 
of fishes, l. piscium, Pac. in Cic. Div. 1, 
14. Join: lusus et lascivia, Liv 1, 5: 
hilaritas, lascivia, risus. jocus, Cic. Fin. 
2, 20, 65. Im p., ludibundus: v. PLAY- 
FuL. Phr.: he has a remarkable liveli- 
ness and p. of style, *insigni est biuari'ate 
ac festivitate orationis ; omnia hilari 
quadam festivitate ac lepore tractat, 


playground: perh. area (any open 


PLEAD 


space); cf. Hor. Od. I, 9, 18: more pre- 
cisely, area lusoria or ludicra or even 
Jusorium, cf. Lampr. Heliog. 25. May 
often be expr. by liido: the characters of 
children come out in the p., mores (puer- 
orum) se inter ludendum detegunt, 
Quint. 1, 3, 12: to be with pupils in the 
p. *ludentibus discipulis adesse it ts 
important jor boys to have a roomy p., 
*magnopere interest ut pueris laxus sit 
locus in quo ludant. 

playhouse: V. THEATRE. 

plaything: usu. pi.: 1, joculi, 
orum (v. rare): the p.s which the girl 
used to amuse herself with, quibus ea 
virgo j. delectabatur, Vitr. 4, 1, 9. a 
collect. lusfis instrimentum ; instru- 
mentum lusdrium (as pila lusoria is a 
ball to play with, Plin. 7, 56, 57 § 205): 
V. IMPLEMENT. Phr.: to give children 
ivory letters as p.s, (pueris) eburneas 
litterarum formas in lusum offerre, 
Quint. 1, 1. 26. (Crepundia, orum, in 
this sense is more than doubtful: in PL. 
Cist. 4, 1, 4, and in Cic. Br. 91, init., it 
denotes an amulet, ring, or other mark 
of identification in an infant.) 

playwright: */abularum scriptor. 
To be a clever p., *iabulas scite pangere 
(componere), 

plea: |. In law: 1. exceptio 
(legal term, denoting the various excep- 
tions or grounds of defence for the 
defendant, which were stated in the 
praetor’s edict): p.s decisive or dilatory, 
ex. peremptoriae aut dilatoriae, Gai. 4, 
120: to enter a p. against any one, ex. 
objicere alicui, ib. 123: @ p. which at 
Jirst sight appears well-founded, ex. quae 
prima facie justa videtur, ib. § 126: to 
allow a p., ex. dare, Cic. de Or, 1, 37, 
168 y.j1L ‘co. 2. ratio (reason, 
ground: i. e. the justification of ove’s 
conduct in a criminal case): Cic. Inv. 
I, 13, 18 (where the plea instanced is 
that of justifiable homicide): Quint. 

||. Hzcuse: excusatio: v. EXCUSE. 

Phr.: to be excused on the p. of health, 
morbi causa excusari, Cic. Att, 12, 13: 
I stated my p. of+ excuse, dixi cur ex- 
cusatus abirem, Hor. Ep. I, 9, 7. lil. 


Pretext: q. Vv. 
plead: |. To enter a plea m 
court: 1, expr. by exceptio (Vv. PLEA, 
1.): cf. Gai. 4, 119, sic exceptio conci- 
pitur, i.e. the defendant must p. as 
Jollows (inserting a certain exceptio in 
the formula actionis, the effect of which 
is to enter a defence in law): it is in- 
admissible to p.....,non babet locum 
exceptio, ib. § 122: to allow a person to 
p.--..., eX. alicui dare, Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 
168. (N.B.—Only in a civil case.) 2, 
in a criminal case: défendo, di, sum, 3: 
to p. sufficient justification for what is 
done (as in homicide), recte ac jure fac- 
tum esse (aliquid) d., Cic. Mil. 3. 8: he 
p-d that he had (only) carried out the 
sovereign’s pleasure, ille principi (se) 
paruisse defendebat, Tac. A. 13, 43° 
Gell. §. causor, 1: v. infr. (IIL). 
Also simply, dico, 3: cf. Quint. 3, 11, 4, 
Orestes matrem occidit....dicit se juste 
fecisse, he p.s justifiable homicide. Phr.: 
to p. not guilty, facium negare, Cic. Mil 
l.c.: Quint. lL. ¢ § 10° to p. a second 
justification of matricide, alteram 
Inatris necatae causam afferre, ib. § 6. 

||. Yo conduct a case in court: 

oro, 1 (denoting the function of the 
pleader generally, not with ref. to a 
particular case): no one ever pda 
cause better, nemo unquam melius cau- 
sam oravit, Cic. Br. 12, 47° cf. Virg. 
Aen. 6, 849, (alii) orabunt causas melius . 
the art of p.ing causes, orandi scientia, 
Quint. I, 10, 2. Comp. péroro, 1 (to p. 
throughout, to finish p.ing): the cause 
of P. Sextius has been fully p.d by Q. 
Hortensius, a Q. Hortensio causa est P 
Sextii perorata, Cic. Sext. 2, init.: Liv. 
2. dico, xi, ctum, 3 (the usu. word 
for p.ing a particular cause): to p. one's 
cause, causam d., Caes. B.G. 1, 4: ef. 
Cic. Coel. 29, Jo, dicta est a me causa et 
perorata. Liv. 3. Ago, gi, actum, 
3: with acc. causam, referring to the 


PLEASANTRY 





Cic. de Or. 2, 48. extr., apud quos judices 
causa agebatur, the judges before whom 
the case was beng pd (= tried). Fre~ 
quent. actito, 1: he p..d many private 
Causes, Multas privatas causas actitavit, 
Cic. Br. 30, 246. Phr.: one who has 
had much to do with p.ing, homo in 
causis multum exercitatus, versutus, cL 
Cic. Quint. 1, 3. to hare no practice in 
p.ing, nihil in causis ver-ari, id. Br. 70, 
247: he was always ready to p. thr 
causes of his friends, 1u suorum ne- 
cessariorum causis nuuquam defuit, ib. 
§ 245: to p. in defence of any one, de- 
fendere: Vv. TO DEFEND. Wl. 70 urge 
an excuse: 1, exciiso, 1: v. TO Ex- 
CUSE. 2. causor, 1 to p. dl-health, 
valetudinem c, (al. excusare), Liv. 23 
8, med.: they p.'d the consent of the 
senale, consensum Patrum causabantur, 
id. 3, 64, init.: Ov. 3. obtendo, di, 
tum, 3 (implying that the alleged reason 
ts but a pretext): to plead a justification 


Jor baseness, rationem turpitudini ob., 


Plin. 8, 6, 15. IV. To supplicate 
earnestly : obsecro, déprécor, etc.: v, ®0 
ENTREAT. 
pleader : 1, Grator (strictly, a 
pleader of causes : more freq. used to em- 
brace the entire field of oratory): cf. Cix 
de Or. 1, 4, 14, «qq : Quint. 1, 10, 2, sqq. 
(in which latter place, the province of 
the orator is indicated by the words, ad 
agendam causam dicendamve senten- 
tiam). 2. expr. by causas orare, 
dicere: to be an excellent p., causas 
optime orare, dicere v. TO PLEAD (I1.). 
3. causidicus (@ mere p.: a term 
usu. implying some contempt): cf. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 46, 202, non causidicus nesciv 
quis, neque proclamator, aut rabula, 
etc. ; and Quint. 12, 1, 25 (where similar 
lang. is used): Juv. 4. actor (sc. 
causae); Cic. Div, Verr., init. See alsc 
ADVOCATE. 
pleading (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
TO PLEAD. The p. of a cause, dictio 
causae, Cic. Quint. 10, 35. 
_ pleasant : |. Agreeable : f 
jucundus (pleasing, gratifying). Cic. 
Manil. init.: Caes,: water p. to drink. 
aqua potui j., Plin. 6, 32, 33 9 
amoenus (to the eye, esp. of landscape 
scenery): p., luxurious regions, loca 4., 
voluptaria, Sall. Cat. 11 Cic.: v. DE- 
LIGHTFUL. Neut. pl.as subs.: p.regions 
of the coast, amoena littorum, Tac. H. 3, 
76. 8 gratus v. AGREEABLE. ll. 
Humorous, facetious facétus, urbanus 
v. HUMOKOUS, WITTY Ill. Affadie, 
speaking so as to give pleasure : blandus 
(smooth-speeched): Nep Alc t. Cic. 
pleasantly . |. Agreeably, en- 
joyably : 1, jucundé we prolonged 
supper right p., prorsus j. produximus 
coenam, Hor. S. 1, 5,70: to live p, J. 
vivere, Cic. Coel. 6, 13. 2. suaviter 
(very p., delightfully): Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 
139: @ smell p. strong, odos s. gravis, 
Plin. 25, 9, 70. 3. amoené (strictly, 
of situation, etc.): to live in a house most 
p. situated, amoenissime habitare, Plin. 
Ep. 4, 23: Pl. Mil 2 5. 2 (of smell), 
[|]. Amusingly, facetiously: jcdsé, 
festive, facété- v, JOCUSELY, HUMOR- 
OUSLY, WITTILY. 
pleasantness: |. Enjoyableness: 
1, jucunditas: the p of life (its 
enjoyments), J. vitae, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 59° 
p. and clearness of voice, vocis j., clari- 
tasque, Quint. 6, prooem. § II. q 
suavitas (charmingness, delightfulness) : 
Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 42 (of rowe and utter- 
ance): Plin. min 8. Amoenitas (of 
places): Vv. LOVELINESS (3). {I. Of 
manner, grace and affabilty: t: 
lépos, Gris : abounding in p. and grace, 
affluens omni L ac venustate, Cic. Verr 


5, 54. jin 2. festivitas: PLRa- 
SANTRY. 
pleasantry : 1. festivitas. to 


excel all in p. and humour, f. et facetiis 
omnibus praestare, Cic. Br. 48. 177. 
Join (also): lepos et festivitas, id. de 
Or. 2, 56, 227. Q. facEétiae, arum: v 
ART, HUMOUR. 3. lépox, Oris (grace 
and diffusive humour): the refined p. of 


entire conduct of a case in court: cf. | the orator, not of the buffoon. urbani- 


20 


561 


PLEASE 


Seen eee TEESE EEEEEEnEEEEESEEEEEEEEEE ESE 


tatis oratorius non scurrilis l., id. Br. 38, 
m.: cf. supr. (i). To indulge in p., 
jocari, ludere: vy. TO JOKE, 
please : J. To give pleasure: 
1, placeo, 2 (most gen. term: with 
dat.): ‘Ver.: Cic.: Hor. (pass.). To p. 
greatly, perplaceo, 2 (rare): Cic. Att. 3, 
2%. 9. délecto, 1 (stronger than 
placeo: with ac.): V.TO DELIGHT. 3, 
arrideo, si, sum, 2 (with dat.: rare): 
Cic. Att. 14, 21 (illud tuum, quod valde 
mihi arriserat, vebhementer displicet) : 
Hor. S. 1, 10, 89. _(N.B.—An expr. best 
confined to familiar language.) 4, 
expr. by grarus, acceptus, cordi, with 
sum: V. AGREEABLE, PLEASING. Il. 
To meet the wishes of, be agreeable to: 
1, vidétur, visum est, 2 (fo seem 
good to: with dat.): if it p.s (you), i. e. 
tf you like, si videtur, Cic. Ac. 1, 9, 35: 
Caes.: v.TO SEEM. Q, placet, 2 (esp. 
to expr. formal resolutions of delibera- 
tive bodies) : it p.d (was the pleasure of ) 
the Senate, Seuatui placere, Cic. Ph. 11, 
12, 30: Caes.: Sall. 3. libet, 2: v. 
tnfr.(1V.). In making a request, please, 
tf you p., sis (= si vis), Ter. Eun. 2, 
3, 1 in sim. sense, but stronger, 
amabo (te) = J shall be obliged to you 
(parenthetically): p. take care of my 
Cicero, cura amabo te, Ciceronem meum ! 
Cic. Att. 2, 2: Ter. Il]. 70 give 
satisfaction to: 1, expr. by proébo, 
approbo, I (gain approval) : I am not 
afraid that my labours will fail to 
p. M. Servilius, non vereor ne M. Ser- 
vilio officium meum probem, Cic. Verr. 
4, 38, 82: he passed through his term 
of apprenticeship in the art of war 
so as to p. Suetonius Paullinus, prima 
castrorum rudimenta Suetonio Paul- 
lino approbavit, Tac. Agr. 5: s0, se 
probare (approbare): Cic. Lig. 1, 2. 
Q. gratificor, 1: v. TO GRATIFY. 
Phr.: to be p.d with oneself, sibi pla- 
cere, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15. IV. To 
be disposed: 1. expr. by libet, 
MWbuit and libitum est, 2 (with dat.) : 
do as yu p., facite quod vobis libet, 
Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 34: if you p. (if you 
choose), si libet, Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45: as 
you p., ut libet, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 16. 
Q. volo, 3, i77.: v. TO WisH. Esp. 
in contr. forms, sis (=si vis), like our 
please: v. supr. IL., fin. 
eae (adj.) : |. Gratifying: 
_ gratus (of a nature to please) : 
to believe anything to be p. to the gods, 
aliquid diis g esse ducere, Cic. Rep. 3, 
: Caes. Join: gratus acceptusque, 
ep. Hann. 7. Very p., pergratus 
(=gratissimus): Cic. 2. acceptus: 
V. ACCEPTABLE, FAVOURITE. 3, expr. 
by dat. cordi (lit. to the heart): and 
that his punishment had not been p. to 
the gods, nec diis cordi fuisse poenam 
ejus, Liv. 6, 20, extr.: a torrent of words 
is p. to others, flumen verborum aliis c. 
est, Cic. Or. 16, 53: Ter. To be p., 
placére, arridére (colloq.): Vv. TO PLEASE. 
I]. Charming, graceful and agree- 
able: lépidus: of a p. and ladyiike 
figure, torma 1 et liberali, Pl. Ep. 1, 1, 
41: V. GRACEFUL, CHARMING. 
pleasurable: jucundus ; nonnihil 
jucunditatis habens: v. PLEASANT. 
pleasurably : v. PLEASANTLY. 
pleasure : |. Delight, enjoyment : 
1, vdluptas (either in good or bad 
sense; but when standing alone, esp. in 
pl., usu. of sensual yrat ification) : bodily 
(sensual) p., corporis v., Cic. Sen. 12, 39 
(by no means, voluptas corporea, nor 
even, v. corporalis ; though the latter 
adj. is used corporis in later writers; 
as Sen.: Gell.): to derive (very) great 
p. from any circumstance, magnam, in- 
credibilem v. ex aliqua re capere, Cic 
Fam. 3, 2, extr.: ib. 5,7. etc. also, v. 
percipere ex aliqua re, id. de Or. 1, 44, 
197° and stronger, voluptate perfundi 
(absol.), id. Br. 50, 188: @ highly refined 
p. Vv. humanissima, id. Ac. 2, 41, 127: 
obscene (lascivivus) p.s, Vv. obscaenae 
(= libidines), id. Tusc. 5, 33. 94- 2h. 
jacunditas (enjoyment ; not implying 
any vice or excess): to unbend and take 
one’s py Pelayere animos et dare se ju- 
562 





PLEDGE 


PLEURISY 





cunditati, id. Off. 1, 34, 122. Relating 
to p. voluptarius: @ man of p., homo 
v., id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18: arguments in 
favour of p., disputationes v., id. de Or. 
3 Lbh Ges ||. Gratification, satis- 
faction: expr. by gratus: you will gire 
us very great p., if...., gratissimum 
nobis feceris, si. ..., Cic. Sen. 2, 6: Caes. 
(Also, for gratum aliquid facere, gra- 
tificari : Vv. TO GRATIFY.) Wh. Wil, 
liking: 1], arbitrium (authority that 
is beyond dispute): not at the dictate 
of another, but at their (the Roman peo- 
ple’s) own p., non ad alterius praescrip- 
tum, sed ad suum a., Caes. B. G. 1, 36: 
on their oun account and at their own 
p., suo nomine et a, ib. 7, 75: Hor. 
Join: (alicujus) nutu et arbitrio, Cic. 
R. Am. 45, 131. 9. libido, inis, f. 
(mere lilcing or caprice) : Cic.: Sall.: v. 
CAPRICE, FANCY (IL. 5). 3, expr. by 
such verbs as, volo, jilbeo (these two 
often in combination of the authoritative 
decisions of the people of Rome); placet, 
vidétur: it was the p. of your ancestors 
that...., Majores volucrunt.... (with 
ace. and inf.), Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26: the 
question was put to the people, is it your 
vill and p....., rogatus in haec verba 
populus, velitis jubeatis...., Liv. 22, 
Io, etc. Cic. (cf. Juv. 6, 222, Hoc volo, 
sic jubeo: sit pro ratione voluntas): 
such was the p. (of the gods), sic placi- 
tum (diis), Virg. Aen. 1, 283: Hor.: tf 
such is your p. (if you wish), si placet, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 44: such was not the p. of 
the gods, diis aliter visum, Virg. Aen. 
2, 428: Cic.: v. TOPLEASE(II.). (N.B— 
Placitum is not used as subs. = arbi- 
trium: nor is the phr. ad bene placitum 
supported by authority.) See also WILL, 
INCLINATION. 

pleasure - grounds : 1, horti, 
orum (“in plurali numero saepe, non 
tamen semper, dicuntur de fis qui de/i- 
ciarum causa parantur”’: Forcell. s. v.): 
ef. Cic. Ph. 2, 6, 15: Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 11 
(fuit tam copiosus, ut amplissimos hortos 

. instruxerit plurimis et antiquissimis 
statuis). In this sense, esp. dimin. hor- 
tuli, orum: Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58. 4. 
viridarium, or -iarium (ground set with 
trees for pleasure): Cic. Att. 2, 3, 2 
(where the pl. is used, as in Eng.): Suet. 
Tib. 60 (sing.). 

plebeian (adj.): plebéius (both in 
strict sense, relating to the plebs; and 
fig. low, vulgar): distinguished and 
honourable p. families, amplae et ho- 
nestae familiae p., Cic. Mur. 7, 15: Liv. 
Fig.: the p. (in¥erior) philosophers, p. 
philosophi, Cic. ‘lusc. 1, 23, 55. For fig. 
sense, V. VULGAR, MEAN (I1.). The p. 
order, plebs, plebis: v. foll. art. 

plebeian (subs.) : |. 4 member 
of the plebeian order at Rome: ils 
plébéius (homo, etc.): to elect no p. (as 
consul), neminem plebeium creare, Liv. 
6, 40, fin.: Cic.: the pl. can be used 
without a subs.: cf. L. G. § 339, Obs. 2. 

Q. collect. the p.s, the plebeian order : 
plebs or plébes, is (rarely -éi), f.: the 
p.s seceded from the patricians, plebes a 
patribus secessit, Sall. Cat. 33: so Cic. 
Br. 14, 54 (where some edd. read plebs, 
which became the more usual form): 
Liv. Il. In wider sense, a lou-bred 
person : homo sordidus (v. MEAN, adj. 
11.); infimo loco natus, Cic. Fl. 11, ict. 


See also IGNOBLE; OBSCURE; LOWER 
(11.). (Not homo plebeius, in this 
sense.) 


pledge (subs.): |. Something put 
in pawn: pignus, Oris and Eris, 7.: 
Caes.: Dig.: v. PAWN, MORTGAGE. — |I, 
A security for something: 1, pignus: 
to give a great p. to any one thut...., 
magnum p. dare alicui (foll. by acc. and 
inf.), Cic. Ph. 1, 2, 4: he offered his 
hand as a p. of reconciliation. dextram 
reconciliatae gratiae p. obtulit, Curt. 6, 
4, extr.: esp. a p. of love; denoting 
childyen or other near relatives. Ov. M. 
3, 134 (in apposition with natos na- 
tasque): Tac. Ger. 7 (absol., in proximo 
pignora= liberi, conjuges, etc.). Oh 
arrha or arra, ae, f.; arrhabo, Onis, m. 
(strictly, AN EARNEST, q. V.: also in gen. 





sense): Ter. Heaut. 3, 3. 42 (v. Parry, 
adl.). ||. A solemn promise: Phr.: 
to take a p., obligare tidem suam, verbis 
conceptis sese obligare or obstringere: 
V. TO PLEDGE. 

pledge (¥.): |. To put in pawn: 
expr. by obligo, 1: v. TO MORTGAGE, 
PAWN. ||. To p. oneself; i.e. to give 
a solemn assurance on any pont: 
spondeo, récipio (to take the responst- 
tility of anything on oneself), promitto, 
etc.: V. TO ENGAGE. Phr.: to p. one’s 
word, fidem suam obligare, Cic. Ph. 5, 
18, fin.; obstringere, Plin. 9, 1, 1: you 
may p. my services to the people of Fir- 
mum, Firmanis fidem meam obliga, 
Plin. Ep. 6, 18, 2. 

rledgee: Vv. MORTGAGEE. 

Pleiades : 1. Vergiliae, arum 
(the true Lat. name of the constellation) : 
the rising, setliny of the P., Vergiliarum 
exortus, occasus, Varr. R. R. 1, 28: they 
begin at the spring rising of the P.s,@ 
Vergiliis vernis exortis incipiunt, ib. 2, 
11: Col.: Cic. N. D. 2, 44, 112 (poet.). 

Q. Pleiadés, um, f. (Gk. TAetades* 
hence by contr. 3 syll. — ~ ~ ; less freq. 
4 syll, Pleiades, [Ion. = WAniades] 
Virg. G. 1, 138): Ov. F. 3, 105. Sing. 
Pleias (- ~), Virg. G. 4, 233. 

plenary ; plénus, perfectus: v. FULL, 
COMPLETE. 

plenipotentiary: Jégatus: gen. 
term: cf. Liv. 21, 6, where the legati 
are described as possessing the fullest 
powers: et pass. More precisely, *le- 
gatus cui (ex Senatus auctoritate) ibera 
potestas permittitur (ef. Cic. in Vat. 15, 
35); cui libere ad summam rerum con- 
sulendi licentia permittitur (cf. Sall. Jug. 
103; and Caes. B.C. 3, 51). (N.B.—Not 
legatus cum auctoritate missus: cf. Cic. 
Vat. l.c.; and, Ph. 8, 8, 23: from which 
passages it appears that every ambassador 
carries with him the auctoritas of those 
who commission.) 

plenitude: plenitido, plénitas: v. 
FULNESS. 

plenteous: Vv. PLENTIFUL. 

plentiful : 1, largus: the sun 
fills the earth with p. light, sol terras 1. 
luce complet, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49: Luer. : 
Virg. Join: largus et exundans, Juv. 

Q. cdpidsus (less freq. in this sense : 
usu. = plentifully supplied, v. foll. 
art.) : water sweet and p., liquor dulcis 
et c., Phaedr. 4, 9, 7: @ p. stock of words, 
c. verborum supellex, Quint. 8, prooem. 
§ 28. 3. uber, éris (with the addi- 
tional notion of productiveness and 
richness): p. harvests, u. fruges, Hor. 
Od. 4, 15, 5: most p. fruit, uberrimi 
fructus, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156: cf. id. Q. 
Fr. 3, 1, 2, aqua profiuens et wber (where 
irrigation is referred to): Hor. See 
also ABUNDANT. A p. supply, (satis) 
Magna copia: V. PLENTY, ABUNDANCE. 

plentifully : 1, large: Cic.: 
Hor. (Less freq. largiter, Pl.: Caes.) 
Join: large et copiose, Cic. N. D. 2, 
47, 121. 2. copiosé : Cic. (v. supr.). 
See also ABUNDANTLY. 

plentifulness: largitas: Cic. N. D. 
2, 62, 156. See also PLENTY. 

plenty: copia: Cie Par. 6, 2, 47: p. 
of milk, c. lactis, Virg. E. 1, 82 Per- 
sonitied, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, extr. See also 
ABUNDANCE. Sometimes satis, with part. 
gen. may serve: p. of eloquence, Little 
wisdom, satis eloquentiae, sapientiae 
parum, Sall. Cat. 5. To have p. of any- 
thing, abundare, suppeditare, etc.: v 
TO ABOUND. 

pleonasm : pléonasmus (Gk. mAco- 
vacjos): Mart, Cap.: written by Quint. 
as Greek, and defined as, vitium adjec- 
tionis, Inst. 1, §, 40: also as, abundans 
super necessitatem oratio, Caecil. ib. 9, 
3, 46. Modern writers use, *abundantia 
loquendi. 

pleonastic: Phr.: the language is 
p., supervacuis verbis oneratur oratio, 
Quint. 8, 3, 53: or simply, *abundat 
oratio: ef. preced. art. 

plethora: plétira: Veg. Vet. 1, 35. 

pleurisy : pleuriiis, idis, /.: Vitr. 1, 
6, 3: in Cels., morbus qui wAevpetixos 

nvminatur, 4. 6, imit-: or pure Lat 








PLEURITIC 


PLUNDER 


PLURALITY 





laterum dolores, id. 5, 28,6. Suffering 
from p., pleuriticus: Plin. 27, 4, 3. 

pleuritic: pleuriticus: v. preced. 
art 


pliability : len*“tia, lentor: Plin.: 
Vv. FLEXIBLE, Or expr. by adj.: V. 
PLIANT, FLEXIBLE. 

pliable |. Easily bent: flexi- 

pliant ts itis, flexilis, lentus, etc.- 
V. FLEXIBLE. ||, Of the mind or cha- 
tacter, easily influenced : 1, flexi- 
bilis: Cic. Att. 10, 11. (Or expr. by 
flecto: pliable as wax in the way of 
vice, cereus in vittum flecti, Hor. A. P. 
163: tender and unformed minds are 
pliable, tacile flectuntur animi teneri et 
rudes, cf. Cic. Leg. 1,17, fin.) 2, mollis, 
e (soft, yielding) : a p.and easily govern- 
ed age, aetas m. et apta regi, Ov. A. A. 
I, 10: so, molles anni, id. H. 1, 111. 
(Cf. Cic. Att. 1, 17, mollis animus et ad 
accipiendam et ad deponendam amici- 
tiam.) 8, modbilis, e: Virg. G. 3, 
165 (m. aetas): but mobilis usu. refers 
rather to quick changefulmess than pli- 


ancy. 

plight (subs.): Phr.: in sorry p., 
male) perditus, pessime ornatus (facete) : 

1.: cf. male mulcatus, Phaedr. 1, 3,9: 
Y. STATE, CONDITION. 

plight (v.): v. TO PLEDGE. 

plinth: plinthus, i,m. and f.: Vitr. 
4 7, 3. Also, plinthis, idis, f. (strictly, 
imin.): id. 

plod: Phr.: to p. m, *tardo gradu 
sed continenter ire, progredi. 

plodding (adj.): Phr.: ap. fellow, 


*tardo quodam pertinacique ingenio 
homo (?). 
plot (subs.): |. Gf ground: 1], 


modus (agri): Hor. S. 2, 6, 1. 4. 
Ggellus (a small farm or field): Cic. 
N. D. 3, 35,86. A good-sized p. of land, 
aliquantum agri, id. Off. 1, 10, 33. Il. 
Deep scheme : 1, conjiiraiio: v. con- 
SPIRACY. 2. consilium (gen. term: 
whereas conjuratio implies the formal 
banding together of conspirators) : par- 
ties to a p., consilii participes, Sall. Cat. 
1]: V. SCHEME. Il. Of a drama: 
argimentum (fabulae): Ter. Ad. prol. 
22: PL: Quint. 

plot (v.): i.e. to scheme : 1, con- 
jiiro, 1: Sall. Cat. 18: Cic.: v. TO CoN- 
SPIRE. 2. molior, 4 (fo scheme and 
contrive ; often in an underhand way) : 
p.ing to seize the crown, moliens de reguo 
occupando, Cic. Rep. 2, 35: Liv. Join: 
struere et moliri [aliquid calamitatis 
alicui], id. Clu. 64, init. See also To 
CONTRIVE. 

plotter: v. CONSPIRATOR. 

plough (subs.) : aratrum: Cic.: Virg. 

Iso by meton. vomer, Eris, m. (the 
share): Virg. Aen, 7, 798 (exercent 
vomere colles): v. PLOUGHSHARE. 

plough (v.): aro, 1 (both with and 
without objectexpr.): p. stripped, nudus 
ara, Virg. G. 1, 299: Cic.: et pass. 
Fig.: to p. the sea, a. aquas, Ov. Tr. 3, 
12, 36: she ps her brow with wrinkles, 
frontem rugis arat, Virg. Aen. 7, 417. 
Comps. (1). exaro, 1 (to p. up or out): to 

. up burying grounds, sepulcra ex.,, Cic. 

gf. 2, 23, 58: to p. up ground over 
again, locum de integro ex., Col. 2, 18: 
ef, Varr. 1, 10, jugum...quod juncti 
boves uno die exarare possint (p. through- 
out). (2). iniro, 1 (to p. in): to p. in 
bean-stal/rs as manure, fabalia pro ster- 
core in., Varr. R. R. 1, 23, med.: Cato: 
Plin. (3). circumiro, t (to p. round) : 
Liv. Special terms are: proscindere 
agrum, to p. lightly, give land its “ first 
ploughing ;”’ offringére, to give it the 
second; and lirare, the third (see Co- 
nington on Virg. G. 1, 97): add to these, 
vervago, 3, to p. up land that has lain 
fallow: Col. 11, 2,ad init. Phr.: top. 
the sea, scindere freta, Ov. M. 11, 463; 
secare, Virg. Aen. Io, 147: sulcare; v. 
TO FURROW. 

plough-boy : bitbulcus: v, PLOUGH- 
MAN. fig. sense, agrestis: v. BOOR- 
ISH. 

— horse: “*equus (? caballus) ara- 
tor: cf. bos arator, Suet. Vesp. 5, med. 

ploughing (subs.): dratio (rare in 


| this sense): Col.: Plin. (Usu. expr. by 
verb: v. TO PLOUGH.) 

plough-man : 1, biibuleus (qui 
“inter arandum boves gubernat,” Gesn. 
Lex. Rust.): Col. 1, 9, iit.: et pass.: 
Varr.: Virg. 2. arator (in prose, 
oftener = farmer, esp. on the public 
lands): Col. 1. c. (=bubulcus): Hor. 
Od. 1, 4, 3. (N.B—Though bubulcus 
strictly means the driver of a team of 
plough-ozen, it is the proper word for 
gen. use.) 
share: vomer (less freq. vomis), 








éris, m.: to turn up the soil with the p., 
vomere versare humum, Ov. A. A. 1, 
425: to sink the p. but a very little 
depth, tenui sulco imprimere v., Plin. 
1}, 193.4; 3» 

—tail: stiva: Virg. 

plover: *charadrius (Linn.). 

pluck (subs.): *viscera veterinaria. 
For fig. sense, v. COURAGE, SPIRIT. 

pluck (v.): |. Zo gather flowers, 
fruit, etc.: 1, carpo, psi, ptum, 3: to 
p. a rose, rosam c., Virg. G. 4, 134: Ov.: 
Col. So, décerpo, 3: to p. the fresh 
flowers, novos d. flores, Lucr.: Virg.: 
Ov. 2. légo, 3: v. TO GATHER (l1.). 

||. To strip off the feathers of birds, 
etc.: vello, i, vulsum, 3: to p. geese, 
anseres v., Plin. 10, 22, 27 (also, plumam 
{anserum] v., Col. 8, 13): Suet. (Avi 
pennas evellere, to p. out the wing 
feathers or quills: cf. Phaedr. 1, 3, 8.) 
See also foll. artt. 

— off: 1, avello, 3: to p. off 
unripe fruit from trees, poma ex arbori- 
bus cruda a., Cic. Sen. 19, fin. 24, 
déripio, ui, reptum, 3 (to tear or snatch 
off : chiefly poet.) : Ov.: Hor. 

— out: 1, évello, 3: to p. out 
any one’s tongue, linguam alicui e., Cic. 
Sext. 28, 60: to p. out hairs, capillos e., 
Phaedr. 2, 2, 10. Q. éripio, 3: v. To 
TEAR OUT. 

— up: J. Lit.: 1, évello, 
3: to p. (pull) up a tree, arborem e., 
Liv. 33, 5, med. Q. Eruo, i, titum, 3: 
to p. up (a plant) by the roots, radicitus 
e., Plin. 21, 11, 36. iP Hig: Phe: 
to p. up courage, adesse animo (of more 
than one, animis), Cic. Mil. 2, 4 (less 
collog. than Eng.): animum (animos) 
recipere a pavore (after being seized 
with panic), Liv. 2, 50, fin. ; timorem 
omittere, Cic. 1. c. 

plug (subs.): perh. obtiracitlum, ob- 
tiramentum: v. STOPPER. 

plug (v.): obtiiro, 1: v. TO STOP UP. 

plum: pranum (strictly, sloe; but 
used as generic term): cf. Ov. M. 13, 817 
(p. generosa): Plin. The tree, prunus, i, 
f.: Col.: Plin. A p.-cake, *placenta uvis 
passis mixta, 

plumage : 
FEATHER. 

lumber: artifex plumbarius: Vitr. 

8, (7), 11. Atso simply, plumbarius: 

Dig. 


plumb-line: v. PLUMMET. 

plume (subs.): penna: Vv. FEATHER. 
As ornament for a helmet, crista, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 468: Liv. 

plume (v.): vy. TO PRIDF (oneself). 

plumelet; pinniila: Pl. Am. prol. 
143: Col. 

plummet: 1, perpendictilum : to 
examine columns by the p., columnas ad 
p. exigere, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 51, 133: Vitr. 

2, linea (strictly, the line, as per- 

pendiculum, the lead). Join: perpen- 
diculo et linea [uti], Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, ad 
init. 

plump (adj.): nitidus (sleek): Join: 
pinguis et nitidus bene curata cute, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 4, eztr.: v. SLEEK. Phr.: what 
makes you so p. unde sic nites? quo 
cibo fecisti tantum corporis? Phaedr. 
3, 1, nie. 

plumper: Phr.: to give a candi- 
date a p., *uni soli ex candidatis suffra- 
gari. 
plumpness:_nitor (corporis): Ter. 
Eun. 2, 2, 10 (v. Parry, ad 1.). 

plumy: plimésus: Prop.: Plin. 

plunder (subs.): |. Jn war or 
open depredation: 1, praeda(booty) : 
to carry off p. from a country, praedas 


plimae, pennae: v. 


ex (agro) agere, Sall. Jug. 32; p. facere, 
Nep. Chab. 2: Cic. 2. raépina (act 
of plundering): v.PILLAGE. Rarely = 
praeda: Virg. Aen. 8, 263 (in pl.). To 
live by p., (ex) rapto vivere: Vv. ROB- 
BERY. ||. Stolen goods : furta, orum : 
Cie. Verr. 2, 2, 70, 171: Hor. 

plunder (v.): praedor, 1: v. To PIL- 
LAGE. See also TO ROB. 

plunderer : 1, praedator: Cic. 
Cat. 2,9, fin.  Q, direptor ( pillager): 
Cic. l.c. In fig. sense, expilator, far, 
etc.: V. THIEF, ROBBER. 

plundering (svs.) : 1, rapina, 
etc.: V. PILLAGE. 2, praedatio: Vell. 
2,73: Tac. 

plundering (a4j.): 1, praeda- 
torius: p. squadrons, p. classes, Liv. 29, 
28. 2. praedabundus (in the act of 
plundering) : Sail. Jug. go: Liv. (Also 
praedator is used adj.: Sall. Jug. 44, 
exercitus, praedator ex sociis: L. G. § 
598.) 

plunge (v.): A. Trans.: |. Zo 
dip in water, etc.: mergo, si, sum, 3: to 
p. chickens in the water, pullos in aquam 
m., Cic. N. D. 2, 3,7: foll. by sub and 
abl. =to whelm beneath, Virg. Aen. 6, 
342. Frequent. merso, 1 (to p. again 
and again, as in sheep-washing), id. G. 
3,447. Comps. (1). immergo, 3 (more 
freq. than simple verb in present sense) : 
to p. the hands in boiling water, manus 
in aquam ferventem i., Pin, 28, 6, 15: 
Cic. Tim. 13: less freq. with dat.: Ov.: 
Plin. (2). démergo, 3: with in and 
acc., Lucr. 6, 149: also abl., Suet. Tib. 2. 
(3). submergo, 3 (to p. beneath, sub- 
merge): Virg.: Ov. ||, To thrust deep: 
Phr.: to p. a sword into the bowels, 
demittere in ilia ferrum, Ov. M. 4, 119: 
Pl.: so, eusem condere in pectore, Virg. 
Aen. 9, 3473 or with simple abl., Ov. M. 
13, 459: also, recondere (to p. deep), 
Virg. Aen. 10, 387: Ov. (Not mergo in 
this sense, unless as a Strongly fig. expr. : 
cf. Ov. M. 3,249.) Il. To bring into ; 
esp. in such phrr. as to p. one’s country 
into war, perh. patriam bello illigare (to 
entangle, involve), cf. Liv. 32, 21,ad med. 
B. Intrans.: |, into water, etc.: 
expr. by mergo, immergo, demergo, with 
pron. refl., also as refl. pass,: to p. in the 
sea (=dive, of birds), se in mari mergere, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, init.: so, in aquam se 
immergere, Plin. 11, 25, 30. (N.B.—The 
acc. serves to indicate the act of plung- 
ing into the water ; the abl, the place 
where it is done.) See also TO DIVE. 

I. Fig., to rush headlong into 
Phr.: he p.d into the thick of the ene- 
my's swords, inter mucrones se hostium 
immersit, Just. 33, 2: to p. in sensual 
delights, in voluptates se mergere, Lir. 
23, 18, med.: cf. ingurgitare se in fla- 
gitia (to be quite swalloved up im vicious 
excess), Cic. in Pis. 18, 423 also, effun- 
dere se in libidine (to indulge to excess), 
id.Par- 3; 1,.21- 

plunge (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art. 

— bath: 1, piscina (a swim- 
ming-bath, either hot or cold): Suet. 
Ner. 27: Plin. Ep. 2. 17, 11: v. Gierig 
ad 1. 9. natatio (any kind of swim- 
ming - place, natural or artificial; 
whereas the piscina was part of a bath- 
ing establishment) : Cels. 3, 27, I. S: 
piuteus (a well-like bath or tank of cold 
water: often taken after exercise in the 
calida piscina): Plin. Ep. §, 6, 25. 

pluperfect: praeteritum plus quam 
perfectum (tempus): Prisc. 8, 39. 

plural: pliralis, e: Quint. 1, 6, 25, 
etc. (Also plurativus [less good], Gell. 
19, 8.) Jn the p., pluraliter, Quint. Lc. : 
Sen. Phr.: to be used in the p., multi- 
tudinis numero appellari, Gell. Le.: to 
be incapable of a p. sense, multitudinis 
significationem non pati, Lc. (N.B— 
Avoid pluralitas = multitudinis nu- 
merus.) 

pluralist: *qui plurium (complu- 
rium) beneficiorum ecclesiasticorum re- 
ditus capit; plurium beneficiorum cleri- 
cus. 

plurality : multitudo: cf. PLURAL 
(jin.). Or expr. by plures, yp ao 

503 


PLUSH 


POINT 


POINTER 


ee eS 


it ts usual for them to have a p. of 
wives, plures singulis solent esse nuptae, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 27,78 (R. and A.). (Plures 
= more than ene; complures, a good 
many, several.) (Pluralitas late and bad.) 
plush: “*textilium genus quoddam 
villosum ac molle. 
ply: i.e. to use with diligence: ex- 
erceo, 2: to p. the loom, telam ex., Ov. 
M. 6, 145: cf. Virg. G. 8, 378, ex. labores 
(like Gray’s, “busy housewife ply her 
evening toil”): Vv. TO EXERCISE, 
pneumatic: *pneumaticus: as 
cient. t. t. 
pneumatics: *pneumAtica, orum: 
as scient. ¢. ¢. 
poach: |. To take game unlaw- 
Sully : *feras contra legem capere ; feras 
intercipere. Il. To cook eggs in a 
pan: trigo, 3: v. TO FRY. 
poacher: perh. *ferarum interceptor. 
pock-mark: *variolarum nota, cica- 
trix: v. To Pit (1), 
pocket (subs.) : no exact word: perh. 
*sacculus vestimento assutus. (N.B.— 
For pocket = purse, see latter word.) 
pocket (v.): Phr.: to p. money 
(dishonestly), pecuniam intercipere (cf. 
Tac. A. 4, 45, fin., pecunias e publico 
interceptas acrius... cogebat); p. aver- 
tere (with ref. to public funds: v. TO 
EMBEZZLE): to p. an affront or injury, 
contumeliam perpeti, ‘ler. Eun. 1, 1, 35 
injuriam accipere et mussitare (to hold 
one’s tongue about it), id. Ad. 2, 1, extr, 
pocket-book: piigillares (sc. ta- 
bellae, libelii): i.e. tabltes, note-book of 
a size to carry in one’s hand: Plin.: 
Sen.: v. NOTE-BOooK. Also, pugillaria, 
jum: Cat.: Gell. If used for notes of 
moneys paid and received, adversaria, 
orum: Cic. R. Com. 2, 5, qq. 
— edition; *liber minori forma: 


— handkerchief: sidarium: v. 
HANDKERCHIEF. 
— money: 
PIN-MONEY. 
pod: siliqua: cheating p.s (with little 
or nothing in them), s. failaces, Virg. G. 
1, 195: Varr.: Plin. Also, valvulae, 
arum (of the double shucks of pulse, 
etc.): Col. 6, To. 
podded:: *siliquas habens ; cujus sili- 
quae jam increverunt. 
poem: 1. poema, Aatis, .: dat. 
and abl. pl., -is rather than -ibus (usu. 
a single composition in verse ; whereas 
carmen oftener denotes verse 07 poetry 
Mg to compose a p., p. condere, 
ic. Att. 1, 16,93 componere, id. Q. Fr. 
3, I, 43 pangere, Hur. Ep. 1, 18, 40. 
(N.B.—Poema facere = to write poetry : 
ef, Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217: id. Ac. I, 3, 9.) 
Dimin. poematium, a small or short p.: 
Plin. min.: Aus. 9. carmen, inis, 7. 
(strictly, whatever is or can be sung: 
cf. supr.): the poems of Livius, carmina 
Livi, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 69: a funeral p., 
c. funebre, Quint. 8, 2, 8: see also VERSE, 
POETRY. 
poesy : poesis, is, 7.: Quint. 12, 11, 
26: v. POETRY. 
poet: y: 
a better versifier than p., versificator 
quam p. melior, Quint. 10, 1, 89: Hor. 
9. vates, is, m. (poet.): Hor. Od. 
I, 1, extr: 
poetaster: perh. poeta mediocris: 
cf. Hor. A. P. 373: sometimes even, 
poeta malus (when the term is used 
contemptuously). See also VERSIFIER. 
(N.B.—Poetillae, in Pl. True. 2, 6, 4, is 
f. 1. for postilla: poetaster is late and 
unclass.) 
poetess: poetria: Cic. Coel. 27, init. : 
also, poetris, idis, Pers. prol. 13 (al. 
poetrias, acc. pl. of poetria). 
poetical: 1, pdéticus: Cic.: Hor. 
2. musicus (archaic in this sense) : 
Ter. Ph. prol.18. Phr.: p.endowments, 
ingenium (v. GENIUS): to practise p. 
composition, versus scribere : V. VERSE. 
poetically: pdéticé (after the man- 
ner of poets): Cic. Fin. 5, 4,9 (p. loqui): 
Plin. min. (Wherein a manner be- 
fitting a poet, beautifully, use venuste, 
pulchre, speciose : v. BEAUTIFULLY.) 
564 


perh. pécilium: v. 


1, pééta, ae, m.: Cic. pass. : 





poetics: ars poetica: Hor. 
poetry: |. The art or accomplish- 
ment : 1, poéticé, és; and -a, ae 
(Gr. rountiKy): p. the reformer of life, 
emendatrix vitae poetica, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
32, 69: to dabble in p. (without sinister 
meaning), poeticen attingere, Nep. Att. 
18. 2, poésis, is, f.: Quint. 12, x1. 
26. ||, Lhat ukich is composed: 1, 
poésis: the entire p. of Anacreon is 
erotic, Anacreontis tota p. est amatoria, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, extr.: Hor. A. P. 361. 
2, poema, Atis, nm. (usu. a single 
composition) : to write p. (be a poet), 
poema facere, Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 9. 3, car- 
men, inis, n.: 


historia quodammodo solutum c¢., id. Lo, 
1, 31: Cic. 4, versiis, uum: V. VERSE. 
Phr.: that is the language of p.. *hoc 
est poetice loqui; genus hoe loquendi 
est a poetis petitum (Vv. POETICAL). those 
persons take away all the p. of life, 
*isti omne quod Musas sapit e vita 
tollunt 3 vitae quasi lumen decusque 
adimunt. 

poignancy : 1, acerbitas (dis- 
tressingness): the p. of extreme sorrow, 
summi luctus a., Cic. Fam. 5, 16, iit. 
(Oftener expr. by adj.: Vv. POIGNANT.) 

9. magnitido (gen. term): Sen. 

Cons. Helv. 1, 4 (m. doloris). Phr.: 
this adds to the p. of my grief, (hoc) 
dolorem meum exulcerat, Plin. Kp. 1, 
12, init.; in sim. sense, dolorem exagi- 
tare, Cic. Att. 3, 7, med.: p. of sarcasm, 
aculei contumeliarum, id. de Or. 2, 55, 
wit. 

poignant : 1. acerbus (bitter, 
distressing): to experience the most p. 
grief, acerbissimum dolorem haurire, 
Cic. Coel. 24, 59. Join: magnum et 
acerbum dolorem {commovere}, id. Verr. 
4, 21, 47. Q. acer, cris, cre (keen): p. 
repentance, a, poenitentia, Tac. H. 3, 51: 
p. grief, a. dolor, Virg. Aen. 7, 291. 
Phr.: to feel the most p. grief (less 
strong than Eng.), summo dolore affici, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, init.: to try to check 
grief, while it is fresh and p., dolori, 
dum recens saevit, occnrrere, Sen. Cons. 
Helv. wit.: grief becomes less p. dolor 
vires suas frangit, ib.: how p. is his wit, 
*qui sunt dicacitatis illius aculei! ef. 
Cic. de Or. 2, 55, intt. 

poignantly; Plr.: to feel p.,eummo 
s. acerbo (acerbissimo) dolore affici: v. 
POIGNANT. 

point (subs.): |, Sharpend: 1, 
acumen, inis, 7.: p. of a@ stilus, a. still, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 151: of an arrow, Ov, 
M. 8, 353: Lucr. 2. of a spear, etc. 
cuspis, idis, f.: Virg. Aen. 5, 208: Ov.: 
V. SPIKE. 3. of a sword or cutting 
instrument, mucro, Onis, m.: Swords 
without p.s, sine m. gladii, Liv. 22, 46, 
med.: tapering to the p. (of a plough- 
share), in mucronem fastigiatus, Plin. 
18, 18, 48: the p. of a sickle, falcis m., 
Col. 4, 25: poet. by meton.= sword: 
Virg. pass. (N.B.— Aculeus in this 
sense is doubtful: in Liv. 38, 21, acu- 
leus sagittae aut glandis, the sense is 
sting, agony.) Phr.: to use the p. of 
the sword in fighting, punctim (opp. 
caesim, with the edge) ferire, Veg. Mil. 
I, 12; punctim petere hostem, Liv, 22, 
46, med. |], Fig., the sting or telling 


Seature of an epigram, etc.: aciileus (a 


sting): an epigram requires to have a 
p. to it, *epigramma quasi aculeos 
quosdam in se habere oportet: cf. Cic. 
Br. 9, extr.: his own epigrams have 
often little p., ipse hebetes interdum 
figit aculeos, Morhof, i. p. 1060: having 
p., salsus (Vv. WITTY): without p., frigi- 
dus, insulsus (v. POINTLESS). Uh. 
Mathematical; punctum: Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 
116. IV. A particular: esp. in phr., 
the main p.: 1, summa: just the 
main p.s, ipsae Summae rerum fatque 
sententiae], Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 18: Liv. 
Join: summa [judicii] causaque tota, 
i.e. the real p. at issue: Cic. Quint. 9, 
32. 2. caput, itis .: the main p. of 
a letter, c. literarum, Cic. Ph. 2, 31, 77: 
the leading p.s of a subject, capita re- 
rum, id. Br. 44, 164. 8, cardo, inis, 


epic p., c. epicum, Quint, | 
10, I, 62: history is a sort of prose p.,| 











m.: vy. Gist. Phr.: to touch on the 
main p.s of a thing, aliquid summatim. 
attingere, Quint. 10, I, 44: Cic.- in 
every p., omni ex parte, Cic, Am. 21, 79: 
let us return to the p. we digressed from, 
eo unde hue digressi sumus revertamur, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 23, jfin.¢ Vv. PARTICULAR 
(subs.). VY, Matter of dispute: quaes- 
tio: v. QUESTION. T'he p. in dispute is 

-.e, Quaeritur.,.., Cic. de Or.) 2,24; 
extr, (agitur= the matter is at stake). 

Vi. £xact place: Phr.- at this 

very p., hoc ipso in loco: at the very 
same p. and time, eodem loci vestigio et 
temporis, Cic. in Pis. 9, 21 (v. MOMENT) - 
at this p. the enemy had the advantage, 
*ex hac parte (aciei) hostes superiores 
erant. WJ], Position: esp.in such phrr, 
as, to this point: to this point have I 
brought matters, huc rem deduxi, Cic. 
Cat. 2, 2, 4: have matters reached such 
ap. as this? huccine omnia reciderunt ? 
id. Verr. 5, 63, 163. So eo, to such a p 
or pass: Vv. PASS, subs. Vill. De- 
gree; in such phrr, as to such a p.: Vv. 
PITCH, subs; IX. ve, verge; in phr. 
on the p. of....: expr. by in eo est 
(impers.): when he was on the p. of 
being arrested, quum in eo esset ut com- 
prehenderetur, Nep. Paus. 5: when the 
soldiers were on the p. of scaling the 
walls, quum in eo esset ut in muros 
evaderet miles, Liv. 2,71. A like sense 
may be expr. by, haud multum abfuit, 
nihil propius factum (implying that 
something was very near taking place) : 
v. NARROW, adj. (fin.): on the p. of 
death, moribundus: Cic. Sext. 39, 85 
(moriens, on one’s death-bed: cf. Cie. 
Sen. 22, init.; moribundus, im the very 
article of death). X. A small cha- 
racter, a dot or accent : 1. apex, icis, 
m.: Quint. 1, 7, 2 (mark of quantity): 
Lexx, 8. V. xepata. 9. distinctio: v. 
stop. 7'he vowel p.s (Hebrew), *puncta 
vocalia, Gr. (N.B.—For point of view, 
Vv. VIEW.) 

point (v.): ij. Zo sharpen, make 
pointed : 1, praeacuo, i, utum, 3. 
Cato R. R. go: freq. in p. part.: v. 
POINTED. Q, exicuo, 3: Virg. G. 1 
264: Col. 8. fastigo, 1 (to slope, 
taper): V. POINTED, |]. Yo indicate - 
Vv. TO POINF OUT. ill. Zo mark with 
points : 1, interpungo, 3: v. To 
PUNCTUATE. 2, fastigo, 1 (to mark 
with accents, etc.) : Mart. Cap. 

Out: |. Zo show: it, 
monstro, 1: to be p.’d out wtth the 
finger, digito monstrari, Pers. 1, 28: 
with digitus, index may be added, Hor. 
S. 2, 8, 26 (indice monstraret digito). 
Comps. commonstro, demonstro (in same 
sense), ler. Ph. 2, 1, 76: Cic. de Or. 1, 
46, fin. 2. signitico, I Vv. TO INDI- 
CATE, SIGNIFY. Phr.: to p. out a 
fountain with the finger, digitum ad 
fontem intendere, Cic. lc. I}. To 
mark out for some purpose: ndto, de- 
signo, I; v. TO MARK OUT. 

point-blank: Puhr.: to shoot p., 
*ex adverso directeque tela (tormenta) 
mittere(?): a p. question, directa per- 
cunctatio, Liv. 21, 19, init. : to be refused 
p., sine fuco et fallaciis negari, Cic. Att. 
I, I, init. 

pointed (adj.): — |, Lit.: 1, 
praeacitus: p. tops (of stakes), p. cacu- 
mina, Caes. B. G. 7, 73: beams slightly 
p. at the bottom, tigna paulum ab imo 
pr., ib. 4,17: Cato: Sall. 2. acitus: 
a p. nose, a, nasus, Pl. Cap. 3, 4, 114 
very sharply p., acutissimus, Caes. B. G 
1s 13- 3. Aciminatus (rare): Plin. 
18, 35, 79. 4, expr. by circum! : 
tapering and p., in fastigium exacutus ; 
in mucronem migrans, Plin. 11, 37, 453 
in mucronem fastigatus, ib. 2, 25, 22. 

I, Fig.: ], salsus: v. WITTY, 

PUNGENT. 2, actleatus (stinging): 
Cic. Att. 14,18: ef. pont (IL). 

pointedly : perh. plane, aperté: v. 
EXPLICITLY, PLAINLY. 

pointer : |. Anything which 
points : index, Icis, c.: esp. the fore- 
Jinger, used as a p.: Cic.: Hor. (1. 4 
kind of hound: *canis avicilarius 
(Linn.). 


2 








fat): 


Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, extr.: 


POINTLESS 


POLICE 


POLITIC 





pointless: 1. frigidus (cold and 
opp. to salsus, Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 
260. Join: frigidus, ineptus, Quint. 
8, 5, 30; frigidus et inanis, id. 10, 2, 17. 
' 2. insulsus: esp. with a negative : 
¢. g. non insulsum genus (ridiculi), by no 
means dull or pointless, Cic. 1. c. § 259. 
3. perh. hébes, étis: v. pornt (IL). 
(Obtnsus, Cic. N. D. 1, 25, 70 = stupid, 
absurd.) 
pointing (subs.) : v. PUNCTUATION. 
poise (v.): libro, 1 (to hold in equi- 
librium): by what weights the earth is 
p.d, quibus librata (sit) terra ponderibus, 
Ov. Fig.: of 
an empire, Tac. H. 1, 16, init. Of one 
in act tothrow: long p.ing (the weapon) 
he lets fly, dia librans Jacit, Virg. Aen. 
Io, 480. That which serves to p. any- 
thing, libramen, inis, n.: Liv. 42, 65, 
med. ; also, libramentum, ib. 63, med. 
poison (subs.): 1, vénénum (in 
older Lat., with epith. malum, as it 
denotes strictly any potent drug): to 
murder any ome by p., veneno aliquem 
necare, Cic. Clu. 10, eztr.: tollere (to 
make aay with), ib. 60, 165 : intercipere 
(tocut off), Tac. Agr. 44: to give any one p. 
in bread, v. dare (alicui) in pane, Cic. Clu. 





62, 173: to eat or drink p., v. comedere, 
epotare, ib.: to employ slow p.s, lenibus 
uti v., id. Att. 2, 21, init.; a very rapid, 
deadly p., v. velocissimum ac praesenta- 
neum, Suet. Ner. 33; v. praesens, Plin. 
16, 10, 20 (but praesens has usually a 

sense, cf. Virg. G. 2, 127): also, v. 
peremptorium, praesentarium, Apul.: to 
brew p.s, venena coquere, Liv. 8, 19, 
med.: indications and traces of p., 
indicia et vestigia veneni, Cic. Clu. Io, 
extr. Fig.: of discord, Liv. 3, 67, med. 
(venenum hujus urbis): Hor. 9: 
toxicum (Gr. ro&txov’ strictly, for ar- 
rows: also, in gen. sense, late): Ov. 
Pont. 4, 7, 11 (in proper sense): Suet. 
Ner. 35, fin. (= venenum). 3, virus, 





i, n. (any strong or venomous fluid): 
Virg. G. 1, 129 (malum virus, of ser- 
pents): Ov. 4, médicamentum: to 
compound p.s, m. coquere, Liv. 8, 18 
(= venena): Plin. Also, médicamen, 
inis, n.: Tac. To impregnate with p., 
venéno, I (= veneno imbuere, tingere) : 
vy. TO Porson. (N.B.—In fig. sense, use 
rather pestis: V. PLAGUE, SCOURGE.) 

poison et le |. Yo impregnate 

ith poison: 1, vénéno, 1: rare except 
in p. part., venenatus: e. g., v. telum, a 
p.'d arrow, Cic. Quint. 2, 8: Ov. OF 
expr. by vénénum, toxicum, with a 
verb: p.'d arrows, imbuta tela veneno, 
Ov. Tr. 4, I, 77: to p. arrows, sagittas 
toxico tingere, Plin. 16, 10,20. Phr.: 
a p.d cup, poculum cui infusum est 
venenum, cf. Cic. Ph. 11, 6, 13: to ad- 
minister a p.’d cup, venenum in poculo 
dare, cf. id. Clu. 60, 166. I]. Vo sill 
by poison: Phr.: veueno tollere, ne- | 
care, etc.; venenum alicui dare: v. | 
POISON, subs. (init.): to try to p. any 
one, aliquem veneno aggredi, Suet. Ner. 
33, med.: see also POISONING. 

poisoned (part. adj.): véneénatus: v. 
TO POISON (I.). 

poisoner : 1, vénéficus, f. -a: 
Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7: Hor.: Quint. (fem. esp. 
of women who practised incantations). 

9. vénénarius: Suet. Ner. 33: Petr. 

Phr.: a woman that was a notorious p., 
famusa veneficiis mulier, Tac. A. 3,7: @ 
skilful p., artifex veneficiorum: cf. ib. 
12, 66. 

poisoning (subs.): 1, vénéficium: 
to accuse of p., de veneficiis accusare, 
Cie. R. Am. 32, go: the charge of p., 
veneficii crimen, id. Clu. 60, 166: con- 
demned for p., veneficii damnatus, Tac. 
A. 12, 66. Q. expr. by vénénum: to 
be guilty of p., venenum malum facere, 
Vet. Lex in Cic. Clu. 54, 148: to dispel 
suspicion of p. veneni suspicionem 
tollere, ib. 65, 184, et pass. 

poisonous: 1, vénénatus: p. 
vipers, V. colubrae, Lucr. 5, 27: Plin. 
(who has compar., N. H. 32, 2, 12). 9: 
virilentus (rare): Gell. 3, malus: 
esp. in phr. malum venenum (¥. POISON) : 
esp. poet., fed on p. herbs, mala gramina 





pastus, Virg. Aen. 2. 471: Hor. 4, 
noxius: Tac, A. 14, 52 (n. medicamen). 

polsonousness: V. POISONOUS. 

poke (subs.): Phr.: to buy a pig in 
a p., nearest expr. perh., aleam emere (to 
buy anything uncertain, as a draught 
of fishes), Ulp. Dig. 18, 1,8. (R. and A.). 

poke (v.): Phr.: to p.any one in the 
ribs, alicui latus fodicare, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 
51: in like sense, fodere, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 
17: to p. (push) the guests vight and 
left with the elbows, cubitis trudere hinc 
et inde convivas, Mart. 3, 82, 6 (v. To 
THRUST): to p. the fire, perh. ignem 
fodere (Gr. 70 mUp oxadevecv) : for which 
also scrutari, Hor. S. 2, 3, 276 (ignem 
gladio scrutari, to p. the fire with a 
sword, Prov.): to p. about, v. TO GROPE. 

poker: perb. ritabilum (a utensil 
Jor raking coals out of an oven: but 
the words of Festus, “ invenitur tamen 
positum pro virtili membro,” lead to the 
inference that it was a sort of poker): 
Paul. Diac. 16. 

polar: arcticus, septentrionalis (both 
only of the north): V.NORTHERN. Phr.: 
the southern p. regions, *loca quae Aus- 
trali orbis terrarum axi circumjecta 
sunt; *loca antarctica (for brevity): the 
p. star, *stella polaris. 

polarity: *polaritas (quae dicitur): 
scient. ¢. t. 

pole: |. Alongstaff: 1, asser, 
éris, m.: esp. of the poles used to carry 
a litter: Suet. Cal. 58: Juv. Dimin. 
asserciilus (a short p.): Cato: Col. 2 
contus (esp. @ punting-p.): Virg. Aen 
6, 302: in gen. sense, to carry heads 
stuck on p.s, praefixa contis capita 
gestare, Tac. H. 1, 44. 8. pertica 
(any longish stick): used for ‘beating 


asses, Pl. As. 3, 2, 433 for knocking | 


down fruit from trees, Plin. 15, 3, 33 
for measuring, Prop. 4, longitirius 
(a long p.): scythes fastened to long p.s, 
falces affixae longuriis, Caes. B. G. 3, 14: 
Varr. Il. Of the earth: polus: Plin. 
2, 15, 13 (vertices duo quos appellaverunt 
polos): the icy (northern) pi, glacialis p., 
Ov. M. 2,173. In same sense also, axis: 
Lucan 8, 175. 


(In non-scientific lang., | 





} 


vertex may be used: cf. Virg. G. 1, 242, | 


hic nobis vertex semper sublimis, ete. : 
also Plin. lc.) The celestial p., cardo 
coeli, Varr. R. R. 1. 2, ad init.: called 
also, cardo mundi, Plin. 4, 12, 26 § 89. 

pole-axe: malleus: Suet. Cal. 32. 

pole-cat: perb. féles, is, f.: Varr. 
RoRSs ens: 

polemical: Phr.: p. works, *libri 
de rebus dubiis s. controversis scripti: 
p. theology, *ea pars Theologiae quae de 
rebus controversis est: also, * heologia 
polemica (an expr. needful for brevity), 
Morhof, ii. p. 540: summary of p. theo- 
logy, *controversiarum summa, Horn- 
beck, title of work, ib. (Plin. min. has 
pugnax et quasi bellatorius stilus, of 
composition for the bar, Ep. 7, 9,7: but 
the notion suggested differs from that 
of the Eng. word.) 

pole-star: *stella septentrionalis (or 
in scient. lang., stella *polaris). . 

polemics: controversiae: or, perh 
*res polemica: V. POLEMICAL. 

police: |. The entire regulatios 
Jor maintaining order, etc., in a city: 
*securitatis urbanae cura, custodia, 
tutela: cf. Vell. 2, 98, init. I. The 
officials : no term exactly corresponding 
to Eng., the duties of our police being 
distributed : night p., vigiles, Suet. Aug. 
30: their controlling officer, praefectus 
vigilum, Pig. 1, 15: by day, the lictors 
and apparitors of the magistrates acted 
as a kind of police (v. Smith’s Dict. Ant. 
s. Vv.): also the vigiles had certain day 
duties, as for example, to keep watch 
over the clothes of bathers, Paul. Dig. 1, 
15,3 §5: the care of the markets under 
the emperors was assigned to the Prae- 
fectus urbis, Ulp. Dig. 1, 12, 1 ¢$ 11 
(originally under the aediles and their 
officials): the infliction of punishments 
devolved upon the triAmviri capitales 
(v. Dict. Ant. s. v.): and all these terms 
may serve in their place. N.B—Perhaps 
the best word for gen. use is vigiles. 


policeman: perh. vigil, flis: vy. 
preced. art. 

policy: |. Management of public 
affairs : expr. by verb: their domestic p. 
was wise, their foreign p. vigorous, 
*domi consulte, foras strenue rem gere- 
bant: such was the p. of the aristo- 
cracy, *optimatium ea ratio viaque erat 
reipublicae gerendae; ad bunc modum 
optimatium factio rempublicam ad- 
ministrabat. ||. Plan: ratio: your p. 
ts to begin uour reply after the games, 
tua r. est ut secundum ludos mihi 
respondere incipias, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 11, 
Jjin.: Vv. PLAN. I]. Prudence : L. 
consilium (in good sense): Tac. Agr. 13 
(consilium id D. Augustus vocabuat, 
Tiberius praeceptum). Q, ars (oftener 
in bad sense): Vv. ARTIFICE, CUNNING. 

IV. A pecuniary document : chiro- 

graphum: v BOND. 

polish (v.): 1, polio, 4: to p. 
marble, marmora p., Plin. 36, 6, 9 (often 
in gen. sense, to set off, adorn). Fig.: 
to p. one’s productions with the file, 
opus lima p., Quint. 10, 4, 4: to p. one’s 
poems carefully, carmina sollicita manu 
polire, Ov. Pont. 1,5, 61. Comps. (1). per- 
polio, 4 (to p. thoroughly): Plin. Fig. 
of ‘literary work, Cie, de Or. 2, 13, 
init. (2). expdlio, 4 (to smooth and p 
off): Cat.1,2. Fig:: top. (finish off) 
@ speech, orationem ex., Quint. 8, 3, 42. 

2. téro, trivi, tum, 3 (by rubbing) : 

Virg. G. 2, 244 3. nitido, 1 (to make 
clean and bright): Col: Pall. 4, in 
fig. sense, limo, 1 (lit. to file): Join: 
ornare ac limare, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 190. 

polish (subs.) : . Glossiness : 
perh., 1, nitor (brightness of that 
which reflects light): the bright p. of 
tvory, n. eboris, Plin. 7, 15, 13: they 
take a very high p., *ad summum nito- 
rem poliri possunt: or, 2. levor, lé- 
vitas: v. SMOOTHNESS, J, Fig., finish, 
perfection of work: meton. lima: the 
toil of p. ( file-work), limae labor, Hor. 
A. P.291: Ov. Wanting in p., impolitus 
fet plane rudis}, Cic. Br. 85; parum 


imatus (Vv. POLISHED, I1.). 
polished (part. adj.): = J, Lit: 
1, politus: (made) of p. stone, p. 
lapide, Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 86. 2 
mundus (clean and shining ; opp. to the 
notion of roughness and dirt): Hor. 
8, nitidus (bright, gleaming): p. 
ivory, pn. ebur, Ov. M. 2, 3: v. BRIGHT. 
4. levis, lévigatws: v. SMOOTH. 
I]. Fig.: 1. politus: (Crassus) 
more p. and ornate than Gracchus, 
Graccho politior et ornatior, Tac. Dial. 
18: Cic. Strengthened, perpolitus: Cic, 
Q. limatus: a more p. style, limatius 
dicendi genus, Cic. Br. 24, 93: Hor. 
Dimin. limatiilus (nice and p.): Cic. 
Fam. 7, 33. Phr.: a p. gentleman, vir 
omni politiore humanitate excultissimus: 
cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72: in a p. manner 
polite: Cic. See also POLITE. 
polisher: politor: Firm. Math. 
polishing (svis.): 1, politio: 


Vitr. Q. politira: Plin. 
polite: |. Courteous : comis, bu- 
manus: v. couRTrgeots. Also perh. 


urbanus (having the refinement and 
polish which marks town as contrasted 
uith country: cf. agrestis = Joorish) : 
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, med.: cf. POLITENESS. 
Or expr. by urbanitas: so p. a person as 
you are, *qua es urbanitate; quae tua 
est urbanitas. See also OBLIGING. Il. 
Elegant, refined: hiimanus: p. litera- 
ture, *litterae humaniores: more class., 
politior humanitas (which however em- 
braces all p. -ulture), Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72. 

politely 1, cémiter, himianiter, 
hiimané: (Cic.: v COURTEOUSLY. 2 
officidse (obligingly ; with outward 
marks of respect and attention): very 
respectfully and p., reverentissime et 
officiosissime, Plin. Ep. 10, 25 (32): Cic. 
Very p., perofficiose: Cic. 

politeness: ], urbanitas (fown- 
bred elegance of manners): Cic. Fam. 3, 
: 9, hiimanitas, cOmitas: v. COURS 
TESY. With p., V- POLITELY. 

politic: providus, pridens, circum- 
spectus: V. PRUDENT. Join: cir- 

565 


POLITICAL 





cumspectissimus et prudentissimus, 
Suet. Tib. 21, med. 
political: 1. civilis,e : p. science, 


c. scientia, ratio, Cic. Inv. 1,5, 6: well 
acquainted with p. affairs, c. rerum 
peritus, Tac. H. 2, 5: Quint: v. CIVIL. 
2, pdliticus (Gr. moActiKds): p. 
works, p. libri, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 
extr.: Cic. Att. 9, 4. (Only as t.t.= 
relating to the science of government). 
3, publicus: esp. in phr. res publica 
(or as one word), political affairs (public 
opp. private): to take no part in p. life, 
procul a republica aetatem agere, Sall. 
Jug. 4; habere, id. Cat. 4: to be attracted 
to a p. life, ad rem p. ferri, ib. Phr.: 
fond of p. change, rerum novarum 
cupidus, Caes. B. G. 1, 18: to be so, novis 
rebus studere, Cic. Cat. I, I, 3. 
POLITICS. 
politically : *quod ad rempublicam 
attinet; reipublicae ratione habita, A 
class p. inferior, *deteriore jure cives. 
politician: vir civilium rerum (rel- 
publicae) peritus: v. POLITICAL, (Poli- 
ticus, without authority.) Phr.: the 
true p., vir ille vere civilis et publicarum 
rerum administrationi accommodatus, 
Quint. prooem. § 10: to set up for a p., 
*reipublicae scientiam profiteri. 
politicly: v. PRUDENTLY. 
politics: res publica (or as one 
word); and pl.: to take part in p, 
accedere ad rem p., Cic. Rep. 1, 5 (cf. 
POLITICAL, 3): to talk p. at table, ad 
mensam publicas res crepare, Pl. Mil. 3, 
I, 57. 
polity: reipublicae forma: v. GO- 
VERNMENT. 
poll (subs.) : |. Head: q.v. Il. 
Voting: expr. by suffragium: v. VOTE, 
VOTING, 
poll (v.): |. Tolopthe tops of trees: 
perh. décictim.no, 1 (¢o lop off branches 
of trees): Col. 5, 6, ad init. Or perh. 
better, cacumen arboris amputare: v. 
TO LOP OFF. ||. Zo go to the vote: to 
obtain votes: expr. by suffragium: the 
Quirites are p.ing, Quirites suffragium 
tneunt, Liv. 3, 17, med. : 3000 voles were 
p.d, tria millia capitum suffragium ini- 
erunt: to p.a great many more voters, 
magnis suffragiis superare, Plin. 35, 10, 
36 § 72. 
pollard: Phr.: a p.oak, *quercus 
decacuminata: v. TO POLL (1.). 
pollen: *pollen, inis, 2. (strictly, 
fine flour) : as scient. ¢. t. 
polling: expr. by suffragium : the p. 
began in the morning ; *mane suffragia 
iniri coepta sunt. 


polling-booth: perh. nearest word, | MONOSYLLABLE. 


septum (saep.): V. ENCLOSURE. 

— officer; *qui suffragio pracest. 

poll-tax: exactio capitum, Cic. Fam. 
3,8. To impose a p., tributum in sin- 
gula capita imponere, Caes. B.C. 3, 32. 

pollute: 1, inquino, 1: to p. (be- 
foul) with every kind of affront, omni 
contumelia i., Phaedr. 1, 2, 21: Hor.: to 
p. a (whole) company of boys (corrupt 
them), i. gregem puerorum, Varr. in Non.: 
to p. oneself by parricide, se parricidio 
i., Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6. 2, contamino, 1 
(strictly, to mix up together ; hence not 
used in the best age of physical de/ile- 
ment, as in Suet. Ner. 56): they thought 
their blood p.d, contaminari sanguinem 
suum rebantur, Liv. 4, 1, imit.; p.d 
with crime, contaminatus facinore, Caes. 
B. G. 7, 43: Cic.: Hor. 3. polluo, i, 
tum, 3 (either of physical or moral de- 
filement): to p. food, dapes p., Virg. 
Aen. 3, 234: to p. and outrage sacred 
things, sacra p. et violare Cic. Verr. 5, 
42, 187. 4, miciilo, 1 (0 spot, stain : 
less freq.): to p. groves by debauchery, 
oemora stupro m., Cic. Mil. 31, 85: Liv. 
Strengthened, commaculo, 1 (rare): top. 
the altars of the gods with blood, sanguine 
altaria Deum c., Tac. A. 1, 39. 5, in- 
cesto, I (esp. poet.): to p. by death, 
funere i., Virg. Aen. 6, 150: Stat.: Suet. 
Tib. 43 (of sensual pollution). 6. 
foedo, 1 (to befoul, defile): your arrival 
pd Rome itself, Romam ipsam foedavit 
adventus tuus, Cic. in Pis. 22, 53. J oin: 
pollui foedarique, Tac. 7. fiinesto, t 

566 





| 40 (polypus). 


POMPOUSLY POOR 





(with blood): to p. altars with human 
sacrifices, aras humanis hostiis f., Cic. 
Font. 10, 22: Juv. 8. téméro, I 
(strictly, to profane): to p. bodies with 


Pl. (or by circuml., cum magno [summo} 
apparatu: v. POMP). 

pompousness: magnificentia: v. 
MAGNIFICENCE. In bad sense, Ter. Ph. 

















































abominable food, corpora nefandis da-| 5,7, 37- 

pibus t., Ov. M. 15,75. 9, conscéléro, pond: 1, stagnum (standing 

1 (to infect with guilt): Liv. water of any kind or extent): Hor. Od. 
polluted (part. adj.): 1, scé-| 2, 15, 4. Q. piscina (strictly, fish- 


lératus (by guilt): Virg. Aen. 3, 60: 
Ov. (Comp. the expr. sceleratus vicus.) 
9. incestus: Cic.: v. IMPURE. 
pollution : 1. collivio, Onis, /. 
(lit. washings, offscowrings : hence, vile 
or impure contact): to cause a p. of the 
families, gentium c. afferre, Liv. 4, 2, 
ad init. (cf. what follows, ne quid sin- 
ceri, ne quid incontaminati sit): p. of 
every kind of guilt, omnium scelerum 
c., Cic. Sext. 7,15: Suet. Aug. 40, med. 
2. impuritas: to engage in every 
possible p., omnes i. suscipere, Cic. Ph. 
2, 3, 6. In certain cases, piacilum (a 
crime involving p. or profanity): Vv. 
PROFANITY. Or expr. by verb: (this 
was done) to prevent the p. of the tem- 
ple, *ne templum funestaretur, polluere- 
tur, etc.: v. TO POLLUTE.  (Pollutio, 
contaminatio, v. rare and best avoided.) 
poltroon; homo ignavus: v. cow- 
ARDLY. 
poltroonery : 
ARDICE. 
polyanthus: *primila: M. L. 
polygamy: expr. by circuml.: in 
India p.is common, apud Indos plures 
singulis solent esse nuptae, cf. Cic. Tuse. 
5, 29, 783; *plures uxores habere con- 
cessum est: or with ref. to a plurality 
of husbands, *plures singulis mulieribus 
mariti solent esse; una mulier apud 
plures viros nupta esse solet: cf.GellL. 1, 
23, med.: p. (in all forms) is held in 
abomination among them, *nefas habent 
plures singulis matrimonio conjungi. 
polyglot: Phr.: a p. edition, *liber 
compluribus linguis editus. 
polygon: polygonum: Censor. (Plu- 
rilatera {multangula] forma, Front. 
Goes. p. 35.) 
polygonal: 1. polygonius: Vitr. 
55155) 5: 9, multangiilus: Lucr. 4, 
656: Mart. Cap. 


pond): Cic, Par. 6, 2, 29: also in gen. 
sense: Col. 1, 6, ad jin., where ponds 
for ducks, and jor macerating flax, 
are called piscinae (these are called by 
Varr., lacus: R. R. 1, 13). 3, lacus: 
Varr. supr. (2): V. LAKE, RESERVOIR. 
ponder : 1, considéro, 1: v. TO 
CONSIDER. (Expendo, perpendo, pon- 
dero, to weigh carefully, so as to appre- 
ciate justly, not simply to think about : 
cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 76, jin., expendere ar- 
gumenta, opp. to numerare: id. Mur. 2, 
init., perpendere momenta officiorum : 
also, id. de Or. 3, 37, 150, delectum ver- 
borum ponderare.) 2, voluto, 1 (to 
turn over and over): usu. with animo, 
Cic. Rep. 1, 173 or, in animo, Liv. 28, 
18, fin. In same sense, volvo, i, utum, 
3 (of which volute is frequent.) : with 
like constr.: ¢. g., cum animo suo vol- 
vere, Sall. Jug. 6; secum, id. Cat. 32; in 
animo, Liv. 2, 49, med. 3, agito, x 
(to be busily engaged with or intent on 5 
usu. with the notion of an end to be 
attained) : with mecum, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 
10; in mente, Cic. N. D. 1,41, 114; (in) 
animo, Liv. 21, 2: also absol., Cic. Verr. 
3, 96, 224. 
ponderous: praegravis, pondérosus : 
v. HEAVY. Phr.: a p. style, *oratio ver- 
borum ponderibus praegravata parum. 
poniard: piigio, sica: v. DAGGER. 
pontiff: pontifex, icis: Cic.: Liv. 
Used in modern Lat. of the Pope: 
Erasm. Encom. Mor. ii. 378 (Summus 
p.). Office of p., V. PONTIFICATR. 
pontifical : 1, pontificalis, e: 
p. games, ludi p., Suet. Aug. 44: Cic. : 
Liv. 2. pontificius: p. books, libri, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 31. (Or use gen. of ponti- 
fex, sing. or pl.: p. entertainments, 
pontificum coenae, Hor.) 
pontificals : *vestimenta pontifica- 
a. 


ignavia: Vv. COW- 


li 


polymathy: *polymathia, quam pontificate: 1. pontificatus, us: 
appellant. Suet. Cal. 12: Vell. Q, pontificium 

polypody: polypddium:  Plin.: | (less good): Solin.: Imp. Cod. 

inn. pontoon: ponto, onis, m. (sort of 


polypus: polypus, i, m.: Plin. 9, 12, 
14: Ov. Hal. 31 (palypus). Also the 
ulcer so called, Cels. 6, 8, 2: Hor. S. 1, 3, 


floating bridge): Paul. Dig. 38, 3, 38. 

pony: perh. mannilus (@ s 
Gallic horse, cob): Plin. Ep. 4, 2, 3 (or 
even, Mannus: “manni equi pusilli et 
speciosi in deliciis erant hominum ele- 
gantiorum, quorum currus trahebant ’’): 
Mart. Equulus is properly a colt. 

pool: |. Of water: 1, lacuna: 
vast p.s of water, aquae vastae 1., Lucr. 
6, 552: briny p.s (the sea), salsae L., 
id.: Cic. (poet.). (A lacuna may be merely 
a hollow, not containing water: cf. 
Virg.G.1,117.) 2, piscina: v. POND. 

||. Zn play: Vv. STAKES. 

poop: puppis: v. STERN. 

poor : |. Having little: L 
pauper, ris (in humble circumstances, 
but not destitute, egens): the servant of 
a p. master, servus domini p., Ter. Eun, 
3, 2, 33: et pass. Plur. and even sing. 
used absol. (without homo): thou givest 
horns (strength) to the p. man, cornua 
addis pauperi, Hor. Od. 3, 22, 18: Ter. 
Foll. by gen.: p. in gold, p. auri, Hor. 
S. 2, 3, 142. Very p., perpauper: Cic. : 
somewhat p. (or as term of commisera- 
tion), pauperculus: Ter. Heaut. 1, t, 44: 

2. inops, opis (without means ; in- 

digent): V. DESTITUTE. 3. ténuis, e 
(slender, as applied to fortune: also 
epith. of persons): opp. locuples, Cic. 

err. 2, 2,55, 138: p. and encumbered 
with debt, t. et obaeratus, Suet. Caes. 46. 
See also POVERTY. |]. AYeagre; esp. 
of soil: macer, exilis: V.MEAGRE. [I]. 
Inferiov: Phr.: the poorer sorts of 
wines, pleheia vina, Plin. 14, 6, 8 § 69. 
the wine is extremely p., vina (sunt) 
deterrima (Vv. INFERIOR, ?): content with 
p. fare, tenui contentus cibo, Phaedr. 4 
13, 7: @ p. tumbledown cottage, obso- 
letum tectum, Hor. Od. 2, 10,6: 4 p 


polysyllabic: *polysyllabus: cf. 


polytheism: “*multorum deornm 
cultus, 

polytheist : *qui multos deos vene- 
ratur, colit: v. TO WORSHIP. 

pomade 1, capillare, is, n.: 

pomatum § Mart. 3, 82, 28. ; 
gen. term, unguentum: v. UNGUENT. 
Pomatum-pot, *ollula unguentaria. 

pomegranate: malum granatum s. 
Punicum: Col. 12, 44. Also simply, 
granatum, ib. med. The tree, *malus 
Punica. 

pommel (swbs.): perh. bulla or um- 
bilicus: v. KNOB. 

pommel (v.): pulso, verbéro, ete. : 
v. TO BEAT. 

pomp: apparatus, us: to entertain 
with royal p., regio a. accipere, Cic. Rep. 6, 
1o: Ihate the p. of Persia, Persicos odi a., 
Hor. Od. 1, 38. See also MAGNIFICENCE. 
Phr.: rhetorical p. (display), rhetorum 
pompa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 21, 48. (Not 
pompa in this sense: cf. Sen. Ep. 110, 
16, Quid miraris? ompa est. Ostend- 
untur: i.e. it is mere display.) 

pomposity :; Vv. POMPOUSNESS. 

pompous: Magnificus: v. MAGNI- 
FICENT. (Pompalis, pomposus, pom- 
patus, late and unclass.) In bad sense 
may be used : 1, magnificus: he 
sent a p. despatch to Rome, m. litteras 
Romam misit, Suet. Cat. 44: Ter. Eun. 
416) sispel- 9, inflatus, timens (esp. 
of style): v. INFLATED. 
| pompously: magnifice: to stalk 
| 





p. along, m. incedere, Liv. 2, 6, ad fin. : 


POOR-HOUSE 


PORPHYRY 


PORTRAIT 








poet, mediocris poeta, Hor. A. P, 3725 or 
stronger, malus p., Cat. 49: a p. trum- 
pery song, miserum carmen, Virg. E. 3, 
27: so dimin. misellus: Pl. Rud. 2, 6, 
66. IV. Vo be pitied: miser: v. 
WRETCHED. Esp.dimin. misellus: poor 
little syarrow! miselle passer! Cat. 3, 
16. Some other diminutives naturally 
imply commiseration: as, homunculi, 
homulli, p. (wretched) mortals: Sulp. in 
Cic. Fam. 4, 5, med.: Luer. 3, 927 (brevis 
hic est fructus homullis! short-lived is 
p. mortals’ pleasure!): animula! p. 
soul! Hadr. in Spart. vit. 25. matercula, 
p. (dear) mother, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7- 
poor - house : ptochotréphium 
(-@um) : Cod. Just. 
poor-laws: *leges quae sunt de 
egentibus alendis. 
poorly (adv.): 1, ténuiter: so 
so; poorly, sic, t., Ter. Ph. 1, 2,95: to 
live p., *\. vivere, cf. poor (II11.). 2. 
parum (but little; less than desired) : 
J am succeeding but p., p. sucecdit quod 
ago, id. Andr. 4, 1, 55: p. acquainted 
with civil law, *in jure civili p. versatus. 
3, médiocriter: v. INDIFFERENTLY. 
4. miséré: v.wrercHeDLy. Pbhr.: 
p. clad, obsoletus (in old or shabby 
clothes), Cic. in Pis. 36, 89: vestitu ob- 
soletivre, id. Agr. 2, 5, 13 (if the ref. be 
to inudequacy of clothing, tenuiter ves- 
titus). 
poorly (adj.): to be p., aegrotare, jac- 
Gre, elc.: V. SICK; ILL (to be). 
poorness: V. POVERTY. 
poor-spirited : v. MEAN-SPIRITED. 
pop (subs.) : perh. crépitus, us (any 
brisk, sharp noise); or stloppus, i (the 
sound caused by slapping inflated 
cheeks), Pers. 5, 13. 
pop (.): |. To make a noise: 
perb. crépare ; or by circuml. stloppum 
edere. |], Zo p. out: exsilio, prosilio, 
4: V. TO START FORTH. Ill. Zo strike 
down by shooting: dejicio, 3. 
pope: *papa: Erasm. Enc. Mor, ii. 
378. Also, (summus) pontifex: ib. 
popedom: papatus, us: v. PAPACY. 
popery: ‘instituta Ecclesiae Ro- 
Manae ; *doctrina (disciplina) papalis. 
Popish; *papialis, e: M. L. 
porinijay : |. 4 parrot: psitta- 
cus: Pers. Il. 4 coxcomb: perh. ar- 
délio, Onis: Phaedr. 2, 5, I. 
poplar: popiilus, i, f.: white, black, 
and African p., p. alba, nigra, Libyca, 
Plin. 16, 23, 35. Of p., populeus: e.g. 
a p. wreath, p. corona, Hor. Od. 1, 7, 23: 
also, populneus Cato: Varr. 
poppy: papaver, Eris, n.: white, 
black and common red p., p. album, 
nigrum, rhoea or erraticum (p. rhoeas, 
Linn.): Plin, 19, 8, 53: soporific p., p. 
soporiferum, Virg. Aen. 4, 486. Of p.s, 
papavereus: Ov. P-juice: v. OPIUM. 
populace: vulgus, multitido, popel- 
us, etc,: V. MULTITUDE, Pl OPLE. 
popular: = J. “f the people: pop- 
iilaris, e: the breath of p. favour, p. 
aura, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 20: Cic.: or expr. 
by gen. of populus: the p. feeling, 
populi sensus, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 2. Il. 
Relating to the people as distinguished 
from the aristocracy: pdpilaris: a p. 
form of government, reipublicae genus 
p., Cic. Rep. 2, 23. Hence, the p. party, 
populares, opp. optimates: Cic, Sext. 
45, mit. Il. 22 general favour - 
1, pépiilaris (somewhat rare in this 
sense): a man p. for his veru gravity 
and sternness, homo ipsa tristitia et 
severitate p., Cic. Br. 25, 97 (in Cic. Cat. 
4 5, 10, to be p. is expr. by populares 
haberi, to be looked upon as men of the 
people, the friends of the people: and 
this is the best use of the word): a very 
useful present but not equally p. (a pub- 
lic library), utilissimum munus sed non 
perinde p., Plin. Ep. 1, 8.12. Join: 
populare gratumque audientibus id. Pan. 
3 2. usu. better expr. by circuml.: 
their object was to be p.,*ea quae faciebant 
multitudini jucunda esse volebant, Cic. in 
Nizol.; or perh. more exactly, *ea facie- 
bant quae multitudini jucunda esse vide- 
bantur: so, in vulgus gratus (acceptus), 
Cic. Att. 2, 22, med. (not, vulgo gratus, 





in which case vulgo would be taken as 
adv.). Phr.: my books are said tobe p., 
libelli quos emisimus dicuntur in mani- 
bus esse, Plin. Ep. 1, 2,6: Cic.: to becume 
less p., studium populi amittere, Cic, Att. 
10, 4 2. iV, Adapted for general 
use; or actually so used: Phr.: @ p. 
style, genus dictionis ad vulgarem popu- 
laremque sensum accommodatum, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 23, 108: to adopt a p. style, 
populariter loqui, id. Fin. 2, 6, 17: @ 
p. tieatise, liber populariter scriptus ; 
liber éfwrepixos, id. 5, 5, 12: luter, 
exotericus is used as a Latin word: 
Gell. 20, 5, med.: the p. name (of a 
plant), populare nomen, Plin. 13, 4,9 48 
(see also COMMON). 

popularity : 1, favor populi, 
Cic. Sext. 54, 115: Suet.: or with gen. 
of the class amongst whom: e.g. utth 
the plebeians, f. plebis, Liv. 7, 25, init. : 
Tuc. 2, stidium populi (rather 
stronger): to lose one’s p., 8. populi 
amittere, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2: his p. with 
the lower orders was immense, *multi- 
tudinis studia in eum ingentia erant. 

8. poet. popilaris aura (breath of 

popular applause): Virg. Aen. 6, 816 
(pl.): Hor. (N.B.—Popularitas [Suet.] 
= popular bearing or conduct.) 

popularly : |. So as to please 
the people: popilariter- Cic. Off. 2, 
21, 73- 
or scientific manner : 1, popila- 
riter: Cic.: v. POPULAR (III. 2). 24: 
pervolgaié (after the current manner): 
to speak p. rather than ignorantly, 
p. magis quam inscite loqui, Gell. 18, 
10, med. 

populate: v. TO PEOPLE. 

populous: céléber, bris, bre: a p. 
and wealthy city, c. urbs et copiosa, Cic. 
Arch. 3, intt.: the most p. and largest 
districts of the city, urbis partes cele- 
berrimae et maximae, Auct. pro Dom. 
57.146. Or expr. by circumL, hominum 
multitudine abundans: v. PEOPLED. 

populousness* expr. by multitudo 
incolarum, hominum. 

porcelain: murrha, ae; murrhina, 
orum: v. CHINA. 

porch: 1, nearest word, vesti- 
bilum (entrance court, before a house: 
Smith’s Ant. p. 427): V. VESTIBULE, 

2. vestibule of a temple, pronaus, i: 

Vitr. 3, 2 (1), 8. (Asaschool of philo- 
sophy, porticus, Sioici: v. STotc.) 

porcine: porcinus: Pl.. Sen. 

porcupine: hystrix, icis, f.: Plin. 8, 
35, 53- 

pore (subs.): 1, féramen, inis, 7. : 
p.s extending from the body to the soul, 
t. quae ad animum ex corpore patent, 
Cic. Tuse. 1, 20, 47: Cels. 9. fistiila 
(elongated, as in sponge, the lungs, etc.) : 
sponges with fine p.s, spongiae tenui f., 
Plin. 31, £1, 47. 

pore (v.): Phr.: p.ing over the dia- 
grams which he had drawn in the sand, 
intentus formis quas in pulvere de- 
scripserat, Liv. 25, 31: to p. over an 
author till one is pale, scriptorem pallére 


(poet.), Pers. 1, 124 (= assidue legendo | 


pallere: cf, Quint. 1, 2, 18, vité& umbra- 
tica pallescere, to grow pale with png 
over Looks in-doors): to p. over some- 
thing in thought, in aliqua re animum 
defigere, cf. Cic. Or. 2, extr. (N.B.—In- 
cumbere alone denotes simply occupa- 
tion for the time being ; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 
27,9, rursus ceris et stilo incumbit, he 
again busies himself with tablets and 


pen.) 
ork: 1. porcina (caro): Pl. Cap. 
4, 2, Jo. Q. suilla (caro): roast p., 


assa s., Cels. 3,9, med.: Plin. 

porker : porcus, porcellus: v. PIG. 

porosity ; raritas: Cic. N. D. 2, 

porousness § 55, iit. (of sponges, 
the lungs, etc.). Or expr. by adj.: v. 
POROUS. 

porous: 1, rarus (with particles 
at wide intervals from each other): 
Lucr. 1, 348 (opp. solidus): Virg. G. 2, 
227 (opp. densus). 2. foramindsus 
(late): Tert. (Better, foraminibus abun- 
dans, foramina habens, etc.) 

porphyry : porphyrites, ae, m.: Plin. 


I. In a popular, less exact | 








36, 7, 11 § 57. Also, porphyriticum mar 
mor (saxum): Suet. Ner. §0: Lampr. 

porpoise: porciilus marinus: Plin. 
9, 15, 17. 

porridge: perh. puls, pultis, f. : Plin. 
18, 8, Ig (there siated to have been the 
original food of Italy). 

porringer: patina: Phaedr. 1, 26: 
V. PLATE. 

port: |. A Aarhour: portus, tis: 
the p. of Caieta, much frequerted and 
crowded with ships, p. Caietae celeber- 
rimus atque pleuissimus navium, Cic. 
Man. 12, 33: V. HARWOUR. Il. Sear- 
ing: gestus, fis; incessus, Os (in walk- 
ing): V. GAIT, GESTURE, Ill. A wine: 
(?) vinum Duriense ; vinum Hispanicum 
rubrum. 

portable: *quod (facile) portart 
potest: sve also, MOVEABLE. (Portabilis, 
gestabilis, late.) 

portage: vectira: v. FREIGHT, 

portal: v. GATE. 

portcullis: céitarracta, ae, m.: Liv. 
24, 28 (dejicere c., to lower it) 

porte; *aula Turcica, Othmanensis, 

portend: portendo, significo, dé- 
nuntio, etc.: v. TO FOREBODE. 

portent: ostentum, portentum, mon- 
strum (esp. poet.): Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93. 
Also, prédigium (all the terins pointing 
to the pre-intumation conveyed by un- 
usual events): V. PRODIGY. See also, 
OMEN. 

portentous: monstrudsus, prodl- 
gidsus: v. MONSTROUS. 

portentously: monstrudse (mou- 
strosé): V. MONSTROUSLY. 

porter: |. Une who has chargr of 
a gate: 1, janitor: v. GATE-KEEPER 

9. ostiarius (the technical name for 

a janitor in private houses): Varr. 1. 13 
ad init.: Plin. 8, atriarius (late) 
Dig. I]. One who carries luggage, 
etc.: bajulus: Gell. 5, 3, imit.: Cic. 
(Later, bajulator, Gloss.) Phr.: to be 
@ p., vecturas onerum corpore facere, 
Gell. l.c. (Bajulare, to carry as a porter 
does; in one instance or more.) |\|, A 
beverage: *cerevisiae genus quod ex 
bajulis nomen capit. 

porterage: *merces quae pro vec- 
tura bajulo solvitur. 

portfolio: scrinium (desk): Hor. 

portico: porticus, tis, f.: spacious 
p.s, amplae (latae, laxae) p., Virg. Aen. 
3, 353: Cic.: Suet. 

portion (subs.): |. Apart: 1, 
pars: v. PART. Q, portio (share, divi- 
sion: not in Cic.): Just.: Plin.: v. 


SHARE. ||, Of a wife: dos, dotis, f.: 
Vv. DOWER. 
portion (*.): |. To distribute: 


partior, partio, 4: V. TO DISTRIBUTE. 
Il. To settle money on a daughter, 

etc.: Phr.: filiae dotem dare, con- 
ferre: v. DOWER. 

portliness: habitus corporis opimus: 
Cic. Br. 16,64 (Dignitas, as in the phrr., 
formae dignitas, Cic. Off. 1, 36, 130; 
forma et species et statura apposita ad 
dignitatem, Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60; ex- 
presses a loftier idea than the Eng.; see 
the places.) 

portly: opimo corporis habitu: v 
preced. art. See also CORPULENT. 

portmanteau: 1. vidiilus (whence 
Fr. valise): Pl. Men. 5, 7, 493 et al. 

2, mantica (a sort of travelling- 

bag): Hor. S. 1, 6, 106. 

portrait: imago, Inis, f.: p.s 
of the kings of Sicily, imagines Siciliae 
regum, Cic. Verr. 4, 55,123: p.s im pro- 


Jile, obliquae i., Plin. 35, 8, 34 § 56: ps 


so exactly alike, i, adeo indiscretae simi- 
litudinis, ib. 3s, 10, 36 § 88. (N.B— 
Imago may equally well denote a por- 
trait bust; hence, where the context 
does not define, picta should be added.) 
Phr.: to paint the p. of Alexander, 
Alexandrum pingere, Plin. 35, 10, 36 
§ 85: Hor.: he painted p.s of the ge- 
nerals, iconicos duces pinxit, Plin. 35, 8, 
34 (de proelio apud Marathona facto): 
a p. statue, simulacrum iconicum, Suet. 
Cal. 22. (Simulacrum, effigies, appear 
not to be used in good authors for @ 
painted portrait- in Cic. Inv. 2, 1, I 
565 


PORTRAIT-PAINTER 


the phr. simulacrum pingere, refers to 
an ideal representation, not a portrait.) 

portrait-painter: expr. by homines 
pingere: Plin. 35, 10, 37 § 113. 

—— painting: Phr.: to excelinp., 
homines pingendo excellere; animum 
pingere et sensus hominis exprimere, 
cf. Plin. 35, 10, 36 § 98. 

portraiture: |. Lit.: v. preced. 
art. ||, Delineation: Phr.: to excel 
in p. of character, * vitam moresque 
hominum verbis optime exprimere et 
ipsos quasi ob oculos proponere. 

portray: |. In colours: v. TO 
PAINT. Il. By words: 1, depingo, 
nxi, ctum, 3: to p. any one’s character, 
vitam alicujus d., Cic. RK. Am. 27, 74: Pl. 

2. expingo, 3: Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114. 
See also TO DEPICT. 

portress: Janitrix, icis: Pl. 

pose (subs.) : status, Us: v. POSTURE. 

pose (v.) ¢ TO NONPLUS, PUZZLE. 

position: |. State of being placed, 
i.e. with reference to other objects : it 
positio: the form and p. of each of the 
stars, uniuscujusque stellarum forma et 
p.. Gell. 14, 1, med.: Col.: Quint. DF 
positira: Luer. 1, 686: Gell. L. c. 35, 
positus, is (best used only in abl. seng., 
or in pl.); the p.s and shapes of the 
bones, (ossium) positus figuraeque, Cels. 
8, 1, intt. 4, situs, is (usu. of post- 
tion on a larger scale; e. g. geayra- 
phical): v. struation. (Or expr. by 
verb: toexplain the relative p.s of the 
parts, *quemadmodum particulae inter 
se disponantur explicare: v. TO AR- 
RANGE.) I. Of the body: v. POSTURE. 
||. Condition, state: status, iis: while 
such was the p. of affairs before Capua, 
quum in hoc s. res apud Capuam essent, 
Liv. 26, 5, init.: v.sTaTE. Phr.: such 
being the p. of affairs, quae cum ita 
sint, essenl: Vv. CASE. IV. Thesis: v. 
PROPOSITION. Or expr. by verb: to 
maintain @ p., contendere, defendere, 
etc.: v. TO MAINTAIN (VIL). 

positive: |, xplicit, peremptory: 
perh. directus (straightforward): cf. 
Liv. 21, 19, init., d. percunctatio et de- 
nuntiatio belli. Join: directum, sim- 
plex, Cic. R. Com. 4, 11. See also 
EXPLICIT. I]. Having certainty: 
certus, firmus : v. CERTAIN, SURE. Phir. : 
J cannot give any p. information about 
them, de iis haud facile compertum nar- 
raverim, Sall. Jug.17. As tech. term in 
phil.: *positivus: p. philosophy, *philo- 
sophia positiva quam volunt, perhibent. 

IH. Opp. negative: affirmativus 
(late): Diom. (Cic. uses aiens, opp. 
negans: Top. 11, 49). IV. Confident 
in assertion: expr. by affirmo, 1: not 
fo be p. about anything, nihil af., Cic. 
Div. 2,2, 8. A p. statement, affirmatio, 
id. Off. 3, 29, 104: V. POSITIVELY. Vv. 
In grammar: positivus: Prisc. 3, init. 
(The older term was absolutus ; as epith. 
of substantives: e.g. abs. nomen, a noun 
in the p. degree, cf. Quint. 9, 3,19; but 
positivus is required as gram. term only.) 

positively: |. apressly : diserte: 
Liv.: v. EXPLICITLY. Il. With strong 
asseveration : 1, affirmaté: Cic. Off. 
3;, 29, 204) Gell 2, affirmanter 
(rare): Gell. 3, with verbs of affirm- 
tng, firmiter, firme: to assert most p., 
firmissime asseverare, Cic, Att. 10, 14. 

4, constanter (like preced.): Suet. 
Vesp. 5 (constantissime asseverare). 
Phr.: to assert p., affirmare, asseverare 
(Vv. TO ASSERT, MAINTAIN): to deny most p., 
{cum] multa affirmatione negare, Curt. 6, 
It, fin. Ill. Certainly: 1, certo (of 
a certainty): not to expect anything as 
if it must p. come to pass, nibil ita ex- 
spectare quasi c. futurum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
28,81. Q, expr. by compertus, certus : 
to know nothing 1 hatever p., nihil habere 
cogniti, nibil comperti, Cic. Clu. 47, 131: 
to promise p., pro comperto polliceri, 
Suet. Ner.tr. = |V, Opp. to vegatively: 

rh. *affirmative (4s logical term). 

hr.: Vo be negatively rather than p. 
virtuous, *magis carere vitiis quam vir- 
tutibus ornari. Jn positive degree: ab- 
sotaié; or expr. by part. adj. absolutus : 
V. POSITIVE ( jin.) 

568 





POSSIBILITY 









positiveness: in assertion, affirm- 
atio: v. POSITIVELY (L.). 

possess: |. To have as one’s own : 

1, expr. by sum, with dat. of Eng. 

subject, or in the case of bodily or mental 
features, by gen. or abl. of quality: v. 
TO HAVE, 2. possideo, sédi, ssum, 2 
(in strict legal sense, denoting mo more 
than the holding of property: also in 
gen. sense): to p. much wealth, multa 
p., Hor. Od. 4,9. 45. Absol., to p. landed 
property: Callist. Dig. 47, 9, 7 (juxta 
littora p.). 3, téneo, 2: v. TO HOLD, 
occupy. |], 7o seize, occupy the mind ; 
of emotions : invado, capio, incesso, etc. : 
V. POSSESSION (to take). II]. Zo have 
entire control and influence over (fig.) : 
teneo, 2: Virg. E. 1, 32 (of the object of 
affection): Ov. Or expr. by totus: cf. 
Ter. Eun. §, 8, to, fratris igitur tota 
Thais est? then does my brother possess 
the affectionsof Thais? so, of one entirely 
devoted to some deity, Dei totus, Val. FL; 
*quem totum Deus tenet. 

possessed (part. adj.): perh. lym- 
phatus (maddened), lymphaticus (suf- 
Sering from madness): Vv. MAVDENED. 
(in Vulg. usu., daemonium habens, a 
daemonio vexatus: pass.) Sometimes, 
furibundus, vécors, may serve: V. MAD, 
PASSION (LV.). 

possession: _ |. Holding, occupa- 
tion: possessio (not necessarily imply- 
ing ownership): to come into p., in p. 
venire, Cic. Att. 4, 2, ad init.: to pro- 
ceed to take p., in p. proficisci, id. Quint. 
27, 85: to be in p., in p. esse, ib. § 84: to 
send (any one) to take p., in p. mittere, 
ib. 26, extr.: to dislodge from p., de p. 
deturbare, ib. Esp. in phr., to take or 
obtain p.: (i.) lit.: (1). possideo, sedi, 
ssum, 2 (as legal term —in possessionem 
venire): to take p. of an estate without 
a will, bona sine testamento p., Cic. de 
Or. 2, 70, 283: id. Quint. 6. (2). ocenpo, 
I: V. TO SEIZE, OCCUPY. (3). pbiior, 4 
(to obtain p. of; become master of): 
foll. by abl. or gen.: to obtain p. of the 
sovereignty, imperio p., Cic. B.G. 1,2: 
also, (illius) regni p., Cic. Fam. 1,7: less 
freq. with acc., e. g. summam impe;rii p., 
Nep. Eum. 3: v. MasTER, subs. (L., fin.). 
(ii.). fig., as of emotion: (1). capio, 3: 
Fear took p. of the senate, metus senatum 
cepit, Liv. 23, 14, med.: Ter. (but no 
less freq. is the inverse statement, capere 
desiderium, inimicitias, etc.: Ter.: Cic.). 
(2). invado, si, sum, 3 (to fall upon: 
with acc. or dat.): V. TO FALL ON (II.). 
(3). incédo, ssi, 3 (usu. with dat. ; less 
freq. acc.): vesentment seized on the 
whole army, dolor toti exercitui incessit, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 74: Sall.: fear took p. of 
the senate, timor patres incessit, Liv. 1, 
17: Just. Phr.: p is nine points in 
law, perh., occupantis melior est conditio, 
Ulp. Dig. 14, 5, 3. I. That which is 
possessed : 1, possessio: he promises 
the soldiers lands out of his own p.s, 
militibus agros ex suis p. pollicetur, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 17: Cic. Par. 6, 1, 44. 

2. bona, orum; fundus: v. PRO- 

PERTY, ESTATE. Phr.: to have great 
p.s, multa possidére, Hor. Ill. By 
evil spirits: expr. by daemonia (pl.) 
habere: v. POSSESSED. IV. Control 
of one’s emotions : Vv. SELF-POSSESSION. 

possessive: possessivus (in gram- 
mar): Quint. 1, 5, 45: Prisc. 

possessively: “possessive (in 
gram.). 

possessor: 1, possessor (not in- 
volving ownership): Cic. Ph. 5, 7, 20: 
Gai. 2, déminus: v. OWNER, PRO- 
PRIETOR. (Or expr. by verb: v. To 
POSSESS.) 

possibility ; *possibilitas (very late 
and only to be used in philos. lang., for 
precision, tf at all): Arn. Usu. expr. 
by fieri posse: to inquire into the p. of 
anything, *quaerere fieri quid possit 
necne: there is a p. that... ., fieri potest 
ut....: V. POSSIBLE, Sometimes con- 
ditio may serve; esp. as opp. to eventus 
(actuality): ef. Cie. Rab. perd. 5, 16, 
harum omnium rerum non solum 
eventus sed etiam conditio....iudigna 
cive Romano est (Nagels. p. 39). 





POST 


possible: _ 1. *possibills, e (a late 
and harsh word, appellatio dura: only 
fit for technical lang.) : Quint. 3, 8, 25 
(Svvarov, quod nostri possibile nominant)- 
2. usu. better expr. by posse: it ts 
p. Tam mistaken, potest fieri ut fallar, 
Cic. Fam. 13, 73: as far as p., ut potest 
(sc. fieri), ib. 1, 2, fin. (collog.): oftener 
as verb pers.: (J did it) with all p. ear- 
nestness and care, ut gravissime dili- 
gentissimeque potui, ib. 7, 17. f 
expr. as. ..as possible, by quam, with su- 
perl. of adjj. and advv.: to sow the largest 
amount p., quam maximas sementes fa- 
cere, Caes. B.G. 1, 3 (or with posse expr.) : 
as often as p., quam saepissime, Cic. 
Fam. 13, 6, fin.: et pass. Phr.: every 
p. torture, mental and bodily, omnes 
animi cruciatus et corporis, Cic. Cat. 4, 
5, extr.: he was suffering the greatest p. 
agony, tantus aderat dolor ut nihil ad 
ejus magnitudinem posset accedere, id. 
Fin. 2, 30, init.: what p. crime have I 
committed ? quid tandem (like Gr. wore) 
admisi in me? Pl. Men. 5, 1, 12: Cic. 
possibly ;: usu. expr. by posse: as far 
as I p. can, quantum valeo quantumque 
possum, Cic. Fam. 6, 5, init.: as carefully 
as I p. could, quam diligentissime potul, 
id. 7,17: so that the law might not p. 
be invalidated, ut omnino lex non posset 
infirmari, id. Att. 3, 23, med.: I may p. 
go to Rome, fieri potest ut Romam pro- 
ficiscar: Vv. POSSIBLE. Sometimes = 
perchance : fortasse: Vv. PERCHANCE. 
post (subs.): |, A piece of wood 
set erect: 1, cippus (esp. for marking 
the extent of a graveyard; also, for @ 
boundary mark): Hor. S. 1, 8, 12: Ser. 
Gromat. Goes. p. 88. 2, palus (rather 
a stake than a post): V. STAKE. 3. 
pila: v. PILLAR, PILE. Fig., to denote 
stupidity, insensibility, truncus, stipes, 
Cic. in Pis. 9, 19: also, lapis, Ter. Heaut. 
4,7, 3: V. BLOCKHEAD. I]. Military: 
1, statio: to remain at one’s p., 
in s. manere. Ov. M. 1, 627: cf. ouTPOsT. 
2. praesidium (strictly, a body of 
men placed to guard): to occupy and 
fortify ap. pr. occupare et munire, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 45: to leave one’s p., pr. 
relinquere, Cic. ‘usc. 3, 8, 17; praesidio 
decedere, Liv. 4,29, med. Fig.: to quit 
the p. of life, de praesidio et statione 
vitae decedere, Cic. Sen. 20, 73. 3. 
lécus (position, ground): to abandon 
the standards or quit one’s p., signa 
relinquere aut loco cedere, Sall. Cat. 9. 
II]. Troops stationed in a position : 
stitio, praesidium: v. PICQUET, GUARD. 
IV. Office: q.v. Phr.: to appoint 
to p.s of command, praeponere, prae- 
ficere (v. TO APPOINT): yours is a diffi- 
cult p., provinciam cepisti duram, Ter. 
Ph. {, 2, 22: holding a lucrative p., 
*quaestuosae rei (curae) praepositus, 
V. Public service, etc.: 1, cursus 
publicus: to travel p. haste, celeri mu- 
tatione cursus publici vehi, Amm. 21, 
9, med.: simply, to travel p., is cursu 
publico uti, Cod. Just. 12, 51 § 16: see 
the whole chapter (‘de cursu publico”’): 
the horses employed, veredi, Just. Cod. 
lc. § 75 equi cursuales, ib. § 19: their 
drivers (p.-boys), veredarii, ib. § 13 
(whence, for Ue service, res veredaria, 
Kichst. n Kr.). 2. cursus vélicila- 
rius: Capit. Ant. P. 12: for which, res 
vehicularia, Amm. 14, II, ad init. (copia 
rei v.data). Phr.: to travel p., publicis 
vehiculis uti, Amm. ib. infr. (N.B.— 
To expr. modern travelling by post, with 
ordinary hired vehicles, use, (celeri) 
permutatione jumentorum facta iter con- 
ficere: cf. Amm. ib. injr.) Vi. The 
letter post: *tabellarii publici (or sing.) : 
to send a letter by p., *t. publici officio 
uti, Wyttenb. in Kr.: to be at the head 
of the p.,*tabellariis publicis praepositum 
esse. (Cursor publicus seems less suited 
to denote owr modern postal service.) 
post (.): |. To fasten wp a no- 
tice: propono, posui, itum, 3: with in 
publicum, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, extr. (legem 
in publicum prop.) ; in publico, id. Att. 
8,9, 1. Or expr. by inscribo, proscribo : 
cf. Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 92, inscripsi aedes 
mercede (I p.'d up a notice of sale of the 


a. 








POSTAGE 


POTTERY 


POUR 





house) : and Cic. Q. F1. 2, 6, med., tabulam 
proscripsit (he p.’d up a notice) : id. Off. 
3, 16, 66, insulam proscripsit (he p.’d up 
a notice of sale of a house). il. Zo 
station troops: 1, constituo, i, itum, 
3: Caes. B. G. 1, 43, etc. 2. lbco, 1: 
to p. the cavalry in front of the wings, 
equites pro cornibus L, Quint. 2, 13, 3: 
Sall.: Liv. Also, colléco, 1; Caes. B 
G. 1, 38 (occupito oppido, ibi praesidium 
collocat: the compound implies more 
of permanence than the simple verb). 
3. pono; dispono (to p. at inter- 

vals) TO PLACE, ARRANGE. |], With 
pron. refl.; to post oneself : 1, con- 
Sido, s€di, sessuim, 3 (esp. as milit. term): 
he p.’d himself at the foot of a mountain, 
sub monte consedit, Caes. B. G. 1, 48 (et 
pass.) : Sall. 2. to p. oneself in or 
on a place: insido, 3: they p.’d them- 
selves in the way, viam insedere, Liv. 21, 
34, fin.: you p.’d yourselves on the Aven- 
tine, Aventinum insedistis, id. 9, 34: 
Tac. Also, insideo, 2 (to be p.’d some- 
where) : foll. by direct acc., Liv. 21, 32, 
med, (apparuerunt tumnlos insidentes 
barbari): Tac. IV. Yo put a letter 
tnto the p.: nearest word, do, 1, irr. 
(tabellario being understood): J have 
never had an opportunity of p.ing a 
letter to you, litteras ad te nunquam 
habui cui darem, Cic. Fam. 12, 19. 
(N.B.—It was a frequent practice to 
indicate the place where a letter was 
“posted” at the end: «.g. Cic. Att. 3, 
12, extr., dat. [= data] xvi. Kal. Sext. 
Thessalonicae.) More precisely, perh. 
*(epistolam) capsae tabellariae publicae 
comnittere. V. To travel by post: 
Phr.: (celeri) jumentorum permuta- 
tione uti; vehiculis publicis uti (where 
there is a public service of post-hurses) : 
v. Post, subs. (V.). Fig., to travel 
rapidly (Milt.): propéro, ete.: v. TO 
HASTEN. VI. Zo enter in a ledger: 
Phr.: ex adversariis in codicem referre, 
Cic. R. Cot. 3, 8. 

postage: Phr.: to pay the p., pro 
vectura epistolae solvere (Vv. FREIGHT) : 
the p. of letters is to be prepaid, *pro 
vectura epistolarum solvendum est 
quum (tabellurio) dantur. 

post-boy: vérédarius: v. post (V.). 

— chaise: véhiciilum publicum 
(for the use of persons trawlling on 
public service) : Amm. 14, Ir: also, rheda 
cursualis, Imp. Cod. 

— date: *diem seriorem scribo, 
appono. 

posterior (adj. : postérior: v. HINDER 
(adj. 


1j.). 

posteriors (subs.): nates, ium, /.: 

uv. 

posterity: 1. postéri, orum (de- 
scendants): to exact penalties from 
children, grandchildren, p., a liberis, ne- 
potibus, p., pvenas expetere, Cic. N. D. 3, 
38, init.: Hor.: Tac. 2. postéritas 
{in more abstract sense, after-times or 
people): to be known to p. (after-ages), 
posteritati notum esse, Cic. Am. 4, 15: 
to have regard to p., posteritati servire, 
id. Tusc. 1, 15, extr.: late p., sera p., 
Ov. Pont. 4, 8, 48. (N.B.—To be used 
with care; as it strictly means nothing 
more than, the total of what follows: 
ef. Caes. B.C. 1, 13, posteritatis rationem 
habere =to have vegurd to after-conse- 
quences.) 3, mindres, um (= posteri: 
poet.): Virg. 4, when referring to 
the notice or memory of after-ages, often 
expr. by mémoria: to hand down to 

., memoriae prodere: V.TO HAND DOWN. 

oin: ad memoriam posteritatemque 
prodere, Cic. Verr. 5, 14, 36. 

postern: pvstca, posucum (baclh- 
door) 


post-haste : v. Post, subs. (V.). 

— horse: equus cursualis: Cod. 
Just. 12, 51,19 veredus (for a courier), 
ib. § 7: y. vost, V. 

posthumous: patre mortuo natus: 
Auct. in Gel'. 2, (6 (acc. 10 whom, pos- 
tumus meant simply last-born ; but 
others make pos umus = patre mortuo 
natus, Varr. L. L. 9, 38, 60: v. Gell. 
l.c.). Phr.: a p. poem, *poema mortuo 
auctore primum editum. 


Postil: *postilla, ae: Eccl. 

postilion: v¥. post-Boy,. 

posting (subs.): v. post, subs, (V.). 

post-man: tabellarius (a private 
letter-carrier): Cic. Ep. pass. In mo- 
dern sense, *t. publicts. 

— master: “qui tabellariis pub- 
licis praeest, praepositus est. 

— office: perh. mensa (s. taberna) 
tabellaria : v. OFFICE (V.). 

postpone: difftéro, prorégo, réjicio: 
Vv. TO PUT OFF, 

postscript: Phr.: to add a brief 
p-, *pauca subjicere epistolae: I will 
reply first to your p., *primum respondebo 
ad ea quae in extrema epistula tua sub- 
jecisti. (As abbreviation, perh. P. S., 
though without classical authority.) 

postulate: *postiilatum (as phil. 6.£.). 

posture: 1], status, us (strictly, 
in standing): an unbecoming p., s. in- 
decorus, Quint. 1, 11, 16: to change one’s 
p. Jrequently, crebro commutare status, 
Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 53: Cic. 9, habitus, tis 
(in Cie. always of the permanent features 
of the body or mind): to imitate any 
one’s movements, p. and gait, alicujus 
motum, h., incessum imitari, Suet. Cl. 4 
Sen. 8. gestus, is: v. GESTURE. P. 
in sitting may be expr. by sessio, Cic. 
Off. 1, 35, 129 (Status, incessus, sessio, 
accubitio...teneant illud decorum): or 
a verb may be used: he painted Lucius 
in a sitting p., Lucium sedentem pinxit, 
Plin.: most of the deities of the Egyp- 
tians are represented in a silting p., 
*pleraeque Aegyptiorum deorum effigies 
sedentes (in soliis}) ponuntur. See also 
GAIT. For posture of affairs, v. POsI- 
TION, STATE. 

posy : V. NOSEGAY. 

pot (subs.) : 1. olla (old form, 
aula): earthen p., 0. fictilis, Col. 8, 8, 
med. : used for boiling things in, Cato 
R. R. 158. 2, ahénum or aénum (a 
copper kettle or caldron): Virg. Aen. 1, 
213: Juv. 

pot (v.): ollis condire: v. TO PRE- 
SERVE. 

potable: potabilis,e: Aus. 

potash: *sal alkalinus (R. and A.). 

potato: *solanum tuberosum (Lin.). 
The tubers themselves, perh. tubera, um, 
n.: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

pot-bellied : ventridsus: Pl. As. 2, 
3,20. (Or by circumL, ventre projecto, 
Suet. Ner. 51.) 
boy : *puer tabernarius. 

— companion: combibo, 6nis: 
Cic. Fam. 9, 25. 

potency: vis: v. EFFICACY. 

potent: potens; efficax: v. POWER- 
FUL, EFFICACIOUS. Phr.: why are the 
Spells less p.? cur minus valent venena? 
Hor. Epod. 5, 61. 

potentate: princeps, rex, tyrannus: 
V. SOVEREIGN. 

potential: *potentialis, e (as gram. 
t.¢.): M.L. 





pot-herbs: perh. herbae pulmen- 
tariae. 

— hook: uncus (gen. term): v. 
HOOK. 





house: caupona; taberna cau- 
ponia: Vv. INN, TAVERN. 

potion: potio (esp. medical or con- 
taining poison): Cels.: Cic. 

potsherd: testa: Nep.Cim. 3(=Gr. 
dorpaxov): Ov.: Plin.: Vulg. Job ii. 7. 
Dimin. testula, a small p.: Nep. Arist. 
1 (=oo7paxor): Col. 

pottage: jus, jiiris, n. (broth, soup) : 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98- 

potter: figitlus: Juv. to, 171: Col: 
Plin. Of p.s, potter’s-: (1). figtlaris, e: 
a p.’s wheel, rota f., Pl. Ep. 3, 2, 35: ps’ 
clay, creta f., Col. (2). figlinus: ps’ 
clay, creta f., Varr. 

pottery : |. The art: ars figuli: 
Forcell.: Kr. Or perh. ars figularis: v. 
preced. art. Phr.: Coroebus invented 
p., figlinas (sc. fodinas) Coroebus invenit, 
Plin. 7, 56, 5) § 198. (Figlina, ae, f., 
though given in most books, is question- 
able.) I]. A manufactory: figlinae, 
arum: (strictly, the clay pits): to carry 
on a p., f. exercere, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 
ad fin.: Plin. Ul. Zhe things made : 


1, fightuum opus: (Zeuzxis) alsu jn o- 
duced p., tecit et f. opera, Plin. 35, 10, 
36 § 66: used absol., figlinum (8c. opus), 
id. 34,18,50. Q, fictilia, ium (sc vasa) . 
V. EARTHENWARE, 

pouch: perb. péra (bag, waliet): 
Phaedr. 4,10: Mart. Or saccus, sacculas- 
Vv. SACK, BAG. 
poulterer: “qui gallinas ceterasque 
aves vendit. 
poultice (suls.)- 1. milagma, 
Aatis, n. (an emollient p, placed on the 
unbruised skin): Cels. 5, 17, 2, 8qq.: 
Plin. 2, emplastrum (made of mate- 
rials carefully pounded, and applied to 
wounds, ulcers, etc.): Cels. |. c. (in ch. 
19, is a list of emplastra; most of which 
are plasters rather than poultices), (Not 
fomentum, which is a soothing appli- 
cation of warm fluid.) A mustard-p., 
sinapismus: Coel. Aur. 
poultice (v.): with mustard, sina- 
pizo, 1: Veg. Vet. 1, 6,11. Of other ps, 
expr. by, malagma injicere, imponere: 
cf. Cels. 5, 17, 2. 
poultry: aves cohortales (farm 
yard p., not including water-foul, or 
birds kept im cages): Col. 8,1. (Varr. 
R. R. 3, 3, tnit., uses the circuml., alites 
quae intra parietes villae solent pasci: 
volatile pecus, Col. 8, 4,is an ornamented 
expr.; and villaticum genus pastionis, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 2, med., includes bees, and 
other creatures [excepting cattle) reared 
within the farm premises.) Fated p. 
altiles, ium (sc. aves: for the table): 
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35. 
yard: cdhors (chors), rtis, f.: 
Col. 8, 3: Varr. 
pounce (subs.): i. e. powder ( for- 
merly) used for blotting: pulvis: v. 
POWDER. 
pounce upon (v.): ], involo,1: 
Vv. TOFLY aT. Fig.: to p. upon pro- 
perty, in possessionem inv., Cic. de Or, 3, 
317 122: 2. insilio, 4: v. TO SPRING 
UPON, 8, corripio, ui, reptum, 3 (to 
seize quickly and violently): he p.s upon 
the lamb and tears him in pieces, (ag- 
num) correptum lacerat, ’baedr. 1, 1, 
extr.: V. TO SEIZE, FALL ON. 
pound (subs.): |. Phe weight : 
1. libra: sometimes with pondo 
(pondus) added: a gold crown weighing 
@ p., corona aurea libram pondo, Liv. 4, 
20, med.: Varr. (1. pondus, L. L. 5, 36, 
169): Plin. Weighing a p., libralis: Col. 
6, 2, med.: Plin. : also, librarius, Col. 12, 
53, fin.: Gell.: weighing three p.s, ui- 
libris, Hor. S. 2, 2, 333 four p.s, qua- 
drilibris, PL: half a p., selibra, Cato 
R. R. 84: Liv. (pondo may be added as 
with libra): a quarter of a p., quadrans 
(pondo), Col. 12, 20, med.: a p. and 
a half, sesquilibra, ib.: two ps anda 
half, *duae librae et semisses (V. HALF: 
also, OUNCE). 9. in large quantities, 
pondo, indect. (librae being understood): 
20,000 p.s of stlver, argenti pondo millia 
viginti, Caes. B. C. 2, 18: Cic. 
Value twenty shillings: *libra Anglica: 
Wyttenb. in Kr. II], #nclosure : 
*septum publicum (pecudibus vagis in- 
cludendis). 
pound (v.): |. To pulverize by 
beating : 1], téro, trivi, tum, 3: fo p. 
with mortar and pestle, mortario pis- 
tilloque t., Plin. 33, 8,41. Also, con- 
tero, 3 (intens.) : Col. 2. pinso, ul, 
pistum, 3: to p. wheat (in a mortar), 
triticum p., Cato R. R. 14: Plin. S: 
tundo, tiitiidi, tunsum and tisum, 3: fo 
reduce to a fine powder by p.ing, in pol- 
linem t., Plin. 19, 5,29: #@ p.in a mortar, 
in pila t., id. 13, 22,43: Col. Also comp, 
contundo, tidi, tisum, 7: Cato: Col. 
|]. Zo shut up stray cattle: incliido, 
3: V. TO SHUT UP. 
poundage: “*(ributum quod per 
singulas pondo libras exigitur. 
pounding (subs.): pistira: Plin. 18, 
10, 23. 
und-pear: perh. pirum volémum 
(ene ee: Virg. 3. 2, 88: Cato: Col, 
(Or lit., pirum librale). s 
pour: A, Trans.: fundo, fadi, 
sum, 3: to p. Jrom a saucer, e patera , 
Cie. Div. 1, 23, 46; de aia Od. 
§ 





POUR ALONG POWER PRACTICABLE 



























Syn.: e.g. in ditionem Potestatemque 
P. R. redigere, Caes, B. G. 2, 343 in jus 
ditionenique Tecipere, Liv, 21, 61, med. 
sub alicujus ditione atque imperio esse, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 31. 4, impérium (su- 
preme authority): vy, AUTHORITY, 5. 
potentia ( unconstitutional influence and 
ascendancy ; Opp. to potestas, v. sw : 


I, 31,3: see algo To POUR FORTH, B effundo: v. To POUR 


ntrans,: I. Lit.: 1, fundor, 
3, refl. pass.: rain b.ing with violent 
gusts of wind, ingentibus procellis lusus 


pour out: 
FORTH. 

pouring (adj.) : epith. of rain: effq- 
sus: Liv. 4o, 58, 

pouring out (subs.): effiisio : Cie, 

pout (v.): Phr.: labellum exten- 
dere: ch. Juy. 1 325. 

Pout (subs.): meton. — ill-temyper : 
perh. stémachus . V. ILL-TEMPER, 

poverty : I. Lic: 1, pau- 
pertas (poor or humble circumstances) E 
P. or rather destitution and beggary, p. 
vel potius egestas ac mendicitas, Cic, 
Par. 6, I, extr.: also Sometimes = eges- 
tas: Cie. Div. 1, 17, 31 (quum propter 






























Vv. TO FLow, srReam. Il. Fig. of 
crowds : expr, by fundo, or compounds ; 
either with Pron. refl., or as refi. pass. ; 
- foll. artt. 

our alo intr.) : féro, 3, UT.; as ! 
ref. Ane a ee refl.: the river noverunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 1 5: V. PREDO- 
i i MINANCE, 6, summa (entire disposal) : 
uhen the supeme BP. ina state is in the 
hands of one, quum penes unum est 
omuium summa rerum, Cic. Rep. 1, 26 
*<?, Summa totius belli, Caes, B. G. 2, 4. 
Phr.: these things are not in our Dus 
haec non sunt in nostra manu, Cic |'am, 
14, 2: Sall.: as far as in our p., quan- 
tum in nobis est, Liv.: to have great Ps 


See also To RUSH, 
—— around (intr.): circumfundor, 
3: V. TO FLOCK, 


3, 16, 37; dura, ib. 49,49 Ter. 83. 


(to p. down “pon any one): Tac. Agr. Egestas (indigence): vy. supr. (1). 4, | multum posse, Caes. B. G. 6, 30: Cie. : 
3 +» ©xpr. by déjicio, démitto, 3 indpia: v, wAnr. 5. (poet.) res an- also, multum valere, Caes. B. Gaia: 
(fling): he PS down his bolts on the Susta domi: Juv. 3, 165. I]. Poor- more fully, opibus, armis, pvtentia valere, 


Cic. Fam. 1, 703 IV. In p2., the ps 
of the mind: opes ingeni (ingenii), Sal, 
at. 15 Vires Ingenii, Cic. Sen. Io, 33. 


ness, t™nadequacy : 1 égestas: p. of 


enemy, *tantam vim telorum in capita 
hostium demittunt, B. Intrans,: 

1, déjicio, 35; with pron, refl.: the 
winds p. down JSrom the mountains, venti 
4 montibus se d., Liy. 28, 6, med. : also 
With se omitted Liv. 28, 15 (ni. . .tanta 
vis aquae dejecisset), 9 praecipito, 


Pis. 11, init. (Better not paupertas in 
this Sense; though Quint. has, p. ser- 


Power, having: Potens, ntis (with 
gen.): hardly having p. to Jrasp one’s 
arms, Vix p. armorum tenendorum, Livy, 
21, 54, extr. Or expr. by posse: y, 
ABLE, TO BE, 

Powerful : I. Physvcally : vale 
idus, praevalidus ; Praevalens: yy, 
STRONG. — ||. Having great or exten~ 
Sive power : 1, pdtens: two most Dp. 
kings, duo potentissimi reges, Cic, Man. 
2, intt.: great and DP. friends, magni et 
P. amici, Suet, Aug. 56: et Pass. Very 
P., praepotens : Cic. Bal. 15, 35 (pr. terra 
marique Karthago). 2. validus (hav- 
ing natural strength and importance ; 
whereas potens denotes actual influence 
or control): Join: valida urbs et 
potens, Cic. Rep. 2, 2. 3. Valens 
(like preced.): Cic, To be very p., mul- 
tum posse, valere: y, POWER (IIL, jin.) 

Wl. Bffectuat ; telling ully : 
1, valens, ntis - more p. arguments, 
valentiora argumenta, Quint. 5, 13,12: 


6, 12: Ov. 2. vilidus: @ most p, 
kind of eloquence, genus dicendi validis- 
simum, Quint. 12, Io, 63. 3. podtens: 
Plin. 29, 4, 30 (of medicine). "See also 
EFFICACIOUS, PUTENT, - 
Powerfully: Phr.: was p. sup- 
Ported in his candidature, *suffragaban- 
tur ei homines amplissimi, gravissimi, 
potentissimi: he declaimed DP. against 
the oligarchy, *gravissime in paucorum 
potentiam invectus est : his defence 


Join: inopia et jejunitas (in a speaker) : 
Cic. Br. 55, 202. Or expr. by inops~ he 
complains of the P. YF the language, 
*de lingua queritur ut inopi ac minime 
locupleti: ef. Cie. Fin. 1, 3, ro. See also 
MEAGRENEss, 

boverty-stricken : inops, égens (Ff 
persons) ; obsdletus (old and no longer 
Sit for use ; as, @ dwelling or clothes) : 
V. DESTITUTE, POOR, 

powder (subs.) : |. Of any kind: 

1, pulvis, eris, m.: to pound a root 
0 p., radicem in Pp. conterere, Plin. 26, 
II, 70: @ very Jine p., Pp. subtilissimus, 
cf. id. 18, 7, 14 (subtilis farina), Dimin. 
pulvisculus (rare) : Solin. - Apul. 5 
farina (strictly, Slour or meal): to dry 
leaves to a P., folia in f. siccare, Plin, 23, 
9,81. 3, pollen, inis, m. (strictly, fine 
Jlour) : to bruise (a dry plant) to p., in 
Pp. tundere, id. 19, 5, 29. Il. For fire- 
ams: *pulvis pyrius s. nitratus’: v. 
GUNPOWDER. 

powder (v.) : |. To reduce to 
poder: y. preced. art. Il. To 
sprinkle with pouder: pulvere s. polline 
COUSPerZO: V. TO SPRINKLE. Phr.: to 
P. the hair, *pulvere capillari uti. 

Powdered : perh. pulvériilentus 
(dusty) : Cie, 

Powdery: pulvéreus: Oy, Med. fac. 
61 (p. farina). 

Power: |, Strength : 1. Vis, vires: 
V.STRENGTH. 9. potentia (poet. in this 
Sense): the D. of the sun, p. solis, Virg. G. 
1,92. |]. Ability : chiefly in such phrr, 
as with all one’s P. summa ope, vi, ete, : 
V. MIGHT (subs.) : also, infr. IIL, Jin. 

Ill. Control, dominion : 1, pot- 
estas (esp. as conferred or allowed by 
the laws) : he has p. of life ana death 


Virg. G. 1, 3°4: cf. Liv. 40, 58 (coetum 
art. ; 
BTUO, i, 3 (esp. of missiles ; to p. down 


Which rather, fundo, ex (de): v. To 
Pour. (N.B.—In Hor. S. 2, 3, 149, ef, 
8aCcCos = to empty them.) Fi + to p. 
Jorth tears, lacrimas e., Lucr. I, 92: 4 
shower of missiles was bed forth upon 
them, telorum Vis ingens effusa est in 
€0s, Liv. 27, 18, med.: to p. forth a 
tempest of eloquence, procellam eloquen- 
tiae e., Quint, TI, 3, 158. 2. pro- 
fundo, 3 (Sreely, copiously : usu. fig.): 
to p. forth Jloods of tears, vim lacri- 


Stone, P. Romani ordinem omnem usque 
ad vicesimum lapidem effudisse se, Suet. 
Cal. 4, ext, : they p. forth at every gate, 


to 
effect his purpose.) See also EFFIca- 
CIOUSLY, i 1 ee 
owerless: . invalidus: p. and 
pe ies: inv. et inermis, Tac. A. 1, 
49: fortifications p, against an attacie, 
moenia adversus irrumpentes inv., ib. 
12, 16: v. WEAK, FREBLE, . im- 
potens (rare in this sense): Hor. Od. 2, 
potestas ac ditio, Cic, Verr. 2, 1, 38, 97: | 1, 26. Sometimes vanus, irritus may 
in (alicujus) fidem ac p. [venire], Caes. | serve: cf. Hor. Od. 3, 24, 35, quid legeg 
- 2,13. (N.B—To express under | sine Moribus vanae proficiunt (laws 
any ones p., the form in potestatem is | powerless without virtue): a p. remedy, 
frequent, instead of in potestate : cf. Cie. | irritum Temedium, Tac. H. 4, 81: v, 
€8- 3, 17, init., respublica quae est in | var, FRUITLESS. To be p., nihil valere, 
potestatem optimorum - also, Liv. 24, 1, | Cic. Verr. 3, 62, 146: so, minimum 
extr.: so, in amicitiam Ps R. ditionemque valere, id. Fam. I, 9, 43 parum Vv. 
esse, Cic. Div. Verr. 20, 66.) 2. jus, | Matiugs in Cic. Fam. II, 28: so, nibil, 
juris, n. (rightful authority to do any- | Minimum, parum, posse: v. poWER 
thing): without the sanction of the (IL, jin.). See also INEFFECTUAL, 
people, the consul has no p. to do any of F Pox, Small: *varidlae, arum: Sy- 
enham. 


itself imply numbers). See also TO 
RUSH FORTH, 
— in or into (trans. : infundo, 3: 
foll. by in and acc. (in vas), Cic. Tuse. 
1, 25, 61: less well with dat.: Sen, Ben. 
7, 19, tnit.: Hor. 
— off (rans.) : 1, défundo, 3: 


tables), aquam d., Cato, K. R. 156, med, : 

Cels. (Diffundo, to bottle wine.) 2. 

transfundo, 3 (into another vessel) : Col. 

12, 12 (in alia vasa tr.): Plin. : 

capiilo, 1 (t, rack; p. off Srom the 

regs) : Cato R. R. 67 (fF. 1. Capiant) : 
in. 


—.— on (trans.): iff stiperfundo, 
3 (with acc. and dat.): to p. oil on a 
mixture, (mixturae) oleum s., Col. 12, 
57, intt.: Plin. min. Also constr. with 
ace. and abl: Col. 1 C. paulo infr. 
(compositum oleo s.). B infundo, 3 I 
i y earum rerum jus est, Sal]. Cat. 29, extr, : Practicability : v. foll. art. 
the pate nal P., j. patrium, Liv, I, 26 practicable: Phr.: to see to it that 
(oftener, patria potestas): cf. supr, (1).3 | @ scheme q p., [cavere] ut res habeat 
and v. RIGHT (subs.). 3. ditio, Snis efficiendi facultatem, Cic. Off. 1, 21, fin, 
(dominion) : he reduced (the country) | (R. and A.): to enquire rather what is 
under his p., suae ditionis fecit, Liy, 21,| p. than what ts destrable, *potius ig 
53, med.: Curt, Esp. joined With a quaerere, quod tu efficere possis quar 





~~ 


Ca 


PRACTICAL 


PRAISEWORTHY 


PRAY FOR 





quae optanda videintur: a p. breach, 
(moenium) ruina quae satis patet ut 
milites (in oppidum) vadant, cf. Liv. 21, 
11, fin.; ib. c. 14. See also POSSIBLE. 
practical: |. £zperimental ; not 
merely theoretical: expr. by itisus, tis: 
wonderful p. knowledge of the art of 
war, mirificus usus in re militari, Cic. 
Sext. 5, 12: p. ucquaintance with the 
bar, usos exercitatiogue forensis, id. Div. 
Verr. 15, ivit.: of p. use, in usu neces- 
sarius, id. Ley. 1, 4, 14: a p. treatise, 
*liber ad usum (artis) accommodatus. 
I]. Relating to human life and 
expr. by usus (vitae), vi 
mores, etc. Il’lir.. p. rules of conduct, 
praecepta quibus usus vitae confirmari 
possit, id. Off. +, 3, init.; praecepta 
quae ad institutionem vitae (communis) 
spectant, id. Off. 1, 3, init.: p. philosophy, 
philosopbia in qua de hominum vita et 
moribus disputatur, id. Br. 7, 313 (ea) 
quae est de vila et moribus philosophia, 
id. Tusc. 3, 4,8: the affairs of p. life, 
(eae) res quae tractantur in vita, id. 
Off. 1, 5, extr.; cf. activ vitae, ib. § 17: 


p. results, actio rerum: v. Nigels. p. 58. 


As phil. ¢. ¢., p. philosophy (opp. theo- 
retical), philosopbia activa (opp. con- 
templativa), Sen. Ep. 95, 10. (Practicus, 
v. late and rare.) Il. Of a person, 
possessing experimental not theoretical 
knowledge: *qui rem usu callet, qui 
alicujus rei magnum usum habet. 
practically; usu, ex usu: v. BXPE- 
RIENCE. 
practice : |. Actual employment 
or experience : 1, iisus, iis: the p. of 
speaking (opp. theory), loquendi u. (opp. 
scientia), Cic. Or. 48, 160. Oft. with a 
syn.: ¢€.g. usus ac tractatio ftecudty 
id. Off. 1, 18, 60; usus exercitatioque, id. 
Div. Verr. 15, init. 92, exercitatio : 
the arts and (constant) p.of virtue, artes 
et exercitationes virtutum, id. Sen. 3, 9. 
Join: exercitativ ususque [dicendi], id. 
Coel. 22, 54. (N.B.—Usus is the word 
of wider extent.) 3, tractatio: with 
usus: v. supr. See also EXPERI=NCE. 
|]. Custom: consuétido: the inhu- 
man p. of human sacrifices, immanis c, 
hominum immolandorum, Cic. Font. 10, 
21: it is not my usual p., non est c. 
meae, id. Rab. perd. init. To get into 
the p. of doing something, insuescere, 
consuescere: V. TO ACCUSTOM ONESELF. 
II]. Zxercise of any profession : 
Phr.: to have an extensive p. as a bar- 
rister, *multas causas actitare; in foro 
moultum versari: he had a large p.as a 
physician, *medicus erat praecipuae 
celebritatis. IV Only in pl. = course 
of conduct; esp. of an underhand or 
reprehensible nature: artes’ cf. Sall 
Cat. 2, med. (imperium facile his artibus 
Tetinetur quibus initio partum est) : so, 
id. 3, malae artes: to be guilty of cor- 
rupt p.s (in law), jura et exempla 
corrumpere, Cic.: Vv. TO TAMPER WITH. 
VY. Actual doing: usu. not to be 
expr.: to gain fame by the p. of justice, 
, elc., *justitia, clementia nomen 
famamque consequi, etc. 
practise : |. To exercise: 1, 
exercev, 2: to p. rhetoric, rhetoricen ex., 
Quint. 2, 1. 3: to p. oneself in extem- 
porary speech, ex. se in subitis diction- 
ibus, Cic. de Or. 1. 33, 152: v. TO EX- 
ERCISE. 2. tracto, 1 (to deal much 
with): to p. an art, artem t., Ter. Ph. 
prol. 17. Il. To do habitually: 1, 
factito, 1: these thinys were p.d in the 
time of our ancestors, haec apud majores 
nostros factitata, Cic. Off. 2, 24,85. 2, 
célebro, 1 (to engage in frequently or 
regularly): a kivd of divination p.d 
both in pullic and private, genus di- 
vinationis publice privatimque celebra- 
tum, Cic. Div. 1, 2, init.: cf. de Or. 1, 
tnit., artes celebrare atque r:colere. 
Phr.: to p. what one preaches, quae quis 
doceat in usu habere, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 11. 
Il. Zo pursue acalling: 1, facio, 
3: Ww p. the calling of a soothsayer, 
haruspicinam f., Cic. Fam. 6, 18. Also 
frequent. factito, 1: to p. physic, medi- 
cinam f., Quint. 7, 2, 26: Phaedr. 2. 
exerceo, 2: to p. physic, medicinam ex., 


ll 
—— 


Cic. Clu. 63, extr. Phr.: to p. asa 
pleader, causas agere, actitare (Vv. TO 
PLEAD, I1.): not to be allowed to p., *a 
foro removeri. IV. Jo go carefully 
over a lesom: médiwr, 1: v. TO STUDY. 

nractised (part. aij.): 1, exer- 
citatus: opp. rudis, Cic. Ph. 6, 6, 17 
(where the compar. occurs): p. in arms, 
ex iu armis, Cues. B.C. 1,57 also foll. 
by ad .nd gerundive, Cic. Verr. 5, §4, 142 
(lictores ad pulsandos homines exercita- 
tis-imi): @ p. speaker, *in dicendo exer- 
citatus. , péritus: v. EXPERIENCED. 

3. expr. by versdtus (which how- 

ever dues not become adj.): well p. in 
military and civil commands, in im- 
periis magistratibusque multum v., Nep. 
Milt. 8. 4, expr by usus, is: to be 
p. ‘n anything, Magnum in aliqua re 
usum habere, Caes. B. G. 1, 39: Vv. EX- 
PERIENCE, 

practitioner: usu. médicus: see 
also TO PRACTISE (ILL.). 

praetor: praetor, oris: Liv. 

praetorian : 1, praetorius (re- 
lating to the praetor or his ojflice): p. 
office, p. potes'as, Cic. Man. 24, 69: p. 
cohort (i. e. the commander’s body- 
guard), p. cohors, Caes. B.G. 1,40. =, 
praetorianus (relating to the com- 
mander s body-guard, cohors praetoria) : 
the p. cohorts, p. cohortes, Plin. 9, 6, 5: 
Tac.: Suet. In pl., praetoriani, the p. 
guards~ Suet. Tib. 25. Commander of 
the p. guards, praefectus praetorio, Tac. 
H. 1, 13 (but also, p. praetorianarum 
cohortium), Suet. Tit. 4, etc. 

praetorship: praetura: pass. Also, 
praetoria potestas: v. PRAETORIAN. 

pragmatic sanction: pragmatica 
sanctio, jussio: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
pragmaticus. 

pragmatical : perb. mdlestus, 6did- 
sus. See also MEDDLER. 

prairie; *campus latissime patens 
herbisque luxuriantibus obsitus. 

praise (subs.): laus, dis, f. (gen. 
term): to bestow p. on any one, laude 
aliquem afficere, Cic. Off. 2, 13, fin.; 
stronger, ornare aliquem laudibus, id. 
Ph, 2, 11, 25; aliquem [summis] laudi- 
bus [ad coelum] efferre, id. Fam. 9, 14: 
to set down to any ome’s p., alicui laudi 
dare, id. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; in alicujus laude 
ponere, id. Verr. 3, 91, 212. (Laudatio 
=act of praising; set eulogy.) Phr.: 
to detract from any one’s p., detrectare 
aliquem, Sall. Jug. 53, eztv. : more freq. 
with non-personal object, as virtutes de- 
trectare, Liv. 38, 49, med. See also 
GLORY. 

praise (v.): ], laudo, 1: to p.in 
glowing terms, magnifice 1, Cic. Br. 73, 
init.: et pass. Strengthened, collaudo, 
I (to p. warmly): id. de Or. 1, 8, 30: 
Caes. 2. expr. by laus, with a verb: 
to p.any ome highly, aliquem laudibus 
efferre, ornare, celebrare (Vv. PRAISE, 
subs.): to be p.d, \. babere, Cic. Br. 13, 
50; also, in laude esse (to be much or 
generally p.d), id. Verr. Act. 1, 19, 51: 
Coan vases are most highly p.d, Cois 
amphoris |. est maaima, l’lin. 35, 12, 46. 

8. efféro, extuli, Glatum, 3, tr7.: 

to admire and p. anything, aliquid mi- 
rari et ef, Cic. Verr. 4, 56, 124: but 
effero occurs more freq. with laudibus: 
V. PRAISE (subs.). 4, other words which 
may sometimes serve are, praedico, 1 
Mee talk much or openly about: cf. Nep. 
Timol. 4, laudes alicujus praedicare : 
used by luter writers = lando); vendito, 
1 (to cry up, as a vendor his wares): 
cano, canto (to sing any one’s praises 
in verse); dico, 3 (= canto; cf. Hor. Od. 
4, 2, 18, pugilemve equumve dicit, sc. 
Pindarus): v. TO BOAST, SING. 

praiser : 1, laudator, f. -trix: 
Hor. A. P. 173: Cic. (collaudator, late 
and not good). 2. praedicator ( pro- 
cluimer) : Cic. 

praiseworthily: laudabiliter: Cic. 
(Also, cum [magna, summa] laude.) 

praiseworthy: _ 1. laudabilis, e: 

ic. Off. 1, 4, /in.: Quint. 2. expr. 
by laus, in various consur.: in the high- 
est degree p., omni |. dignus, Auct. pro 
Dom. 51, 131: to look on anything as 





p., aliquid laudi dare, Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4: 
to act in a@ more p. manner, elena 
mereri, Cic. (Nizol.). 3. laudatus 
(strictly, that has been praised; hence, 
by inference, worthy of praise): Cic. de 
Or. 1, 3, init. (aitium omnium lauda- 
tarum procreatrix ¢iAocodia). Also 
ger. 7t. laudandus, which is v. |. in 
Cic. Or. 1. c. 

prance: perh. exsilio, 4 (to spring 
up): cf. exsulto, of horses becoming un- 
governable, Cic. Off. 1, 26, go: also Virg. 
G. 3, 117, insultare solo. See also To 
REAR. 

prank (subs.): expr. by pbr.: what 
a p. ts this he has just played, modo 
quae designavit! Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 7: 
uhat a mad p. is this, *cujus sunt haec 
insaniae! youthful p.s, eae res quas 
(ea quae) fert adolescentia, Ter Heaut 
2, 1, 3: *quae per adolescentem ad- 
mittuntur. 

prank (v.): 
ADORN. 

prate: 1, garrio, 4: Cic. de Or. 2, 
5, 21: Hor. S. 2, 6, 77 (g. aniles fabellas). 

Q. blatéro, 1 (stronger than preced.) : 
Hor. S. 2, 7, 35. 

prater: blatéro, onis: Gell. 1, 15, 
extr. See also TALKATIVE. 

prating (adj.): garriilus: v. TALKA- 
TIVE. 

prating (subs.): garritus, is: Sid. 

prattle (v.): perh. *suaviter s. blan- 
dula voce garrire; suaves nugas (inter 
se) garrire, loqui: v. TO CHATTER. 

prattle (subs.): Phr.: the p. of 
children, *(infantium) amabilis (blan- 
dula) garrulitas: cf. Suet. Aug. 83. 

prattler: expr. by verb: v. To 
PRATTLE. 

pravity : pravitas: Cic.: Tac. 

prawn: *cancer squilla, Linn. 

pray: |. Trans.: to address 
earnest entreaty to any one esp. to a 
deity : 1, précor, 1 (with acc. of the 
person addressed) : to p. the gods, that... 
deos p. [venerari atque_ implorare] 
ut..., Cic. Cat. 2, extr.: Hor. Some- 
times introduced parenthetically : spare, 
I p.! parce, precor! Ov. H. 15 (16), 11. 
See also TO PRAY FOR. 2. quaeso, 
pl. quaestimus: J p. the gods to prevent 
that, deos quaeso ut istaec prohibeant, 
Ter. Ad. 2,4, 11. Esp. of urgent appeal 
to persons (not deities): I beg and pray 
you, to..., peto, quaesoque, ut..., Cic. 
Fam. 5, 4: when it is often parenthetical : 
I p. you write often to me, tu, quaeso, 
crebro ad me scribe, id. Att. 7, Io. 
When used interjectionally (= J pray): 
sodés: be silent, pray! Tace, sodes! 
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 19: Cic.: Hor.: in 
similar sense, amabo: v. TO PLEASE 
(IL. fin.). See also TO BESEECH, EN- 
TREAT. I]. Intrans.: to perform 
the act of worship: Oro, 1: teach us to 
p., doce nos o., Vulg. Luc. xi. 1: fo la- 
bour well is to p. well, *bene laborasse 
est bene orasse, Prov. (in somewhat 
diff. sense, precatione uti, precationem 
facere: Vv. PRAYER.) 

— for: 1, précor, 1 (most gen. 
term): often foll. by double acc. of the 
person addressed and the thing prayed 
Sor: for what are we to p. to the gods, 
quid deos precamur? Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 
122: butexcept when the objectis a neut. 
pron. (cf. L. G. § 253) it is better to say, 
precari ab aliquo: also with ut and 
subj., Cic. Rab perd. 2, 5 (precor ab fis, 
ut...patiantur): to p. fo) prosperity to 
the state, felicitatem reipublicae p., Suet. 
Aug. 58: Cic. Cvmp. déprécor, 1: with 
two senses: (a). to p. earnestly: to p. 
earnestly for something for yourself, 
tibi aliquid, Cic. de Or. 3, 3,9 Hirt. (0). 
oftener, to p. for escape from something : 
to p. (entreat) for exemption Srom death, 
mortem d., Caes. B. G. 7, 40. (N.B— 
Deprecor is rarely if ever used of pray- 
ing to deities.) 2, rogo, 1 (with 
double acc.: chiefly poet.): to p. to the 
gods for repose, otium divos r., Hor. Od. 
2, 16, 1: Mart. $3, péto, ivi and ii, 
itum, 3 (to beg: with acc. and prep. ab, 
a): I pray for peace and pardon Srom 
the gods, a diis pacem veniamque peta 

$1 


distinguo, 3: v. Te 


PRAY TO 








Cic. Rab. perd. 2, 5: more fully, prece 
petere, Ov. Met.8,271. 4, Oro, 1 (rare 
of entreaty addressed to the gods): Virg. 
Aen. 9, 24 (multa deos orans): Hor. 
5, posco, poposci, itum, 3 (also 

rare): Wirg. Aen. 4, 53 (posce deos 
veniam). 

pray to: 1, Adoro, 1 (with acc.) : 
Liv. 38, 43, med.: Ov.: Juv.: v. TO 
WORSHIP. 2, supplico, 1 (with dat.): 
y. TO SUPPLICATE. Or by circuml., (deos) 
precibus lacessere, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 125 
fatigare, ib. 1, 2, 26: or, preces deo ad- 
hibere, admovere: v. PRAYER. 

prayer: 1. (prex), précis, f.: chiefly 
used in pl., though the abl. sing. is not 
infreq.: to seek anything with anxious 
p. aliquid sollicita p. petere, Ov. M. 8, 
271: Cic. (=entreaty): to address wor- 
ship, p.s, to the gods, diis cultus, preces 
adh bere, Cic. N. D. 1, 2, init.; preces 
admovere, Ov. Pont. 3, 7, 36; fundere 
(poet.), Virg. Aen. 5, 234: to hear p.s, 
preces audire, exaudire (v. TO HEAR, 
IIL.): to be moved by p.s, precibus flecti, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 689; moveri, Ov. Her. 7, 
3: V. ENTREATY. 2. précatio ( form 
of p.): the form of p. used in opening 
the comitia, sollennis comitiorum p., 
Cic. Mur. init.: to “have p.s,” preca- 
tiones facere, Liv. 39, 18, med. Also 
used to denote a particular p. or pe- 
tition: to offer up the like p., simili p. 
uti, Cic. Tuse. 1, 47, 113 (perh. in order to 
avoid the use of prece). 8, obsecratio 
(solemn public p.): p. was offered up by 
the people, obs. facta est a populo, Liv. 
4, 21, med: cf. id. 27, 11, med. 4. 
supplicium (humble p.: rare in this 
sense, and only in pl.): Sall. Cat. 52. 
Formula of p., carmen, verba: v. FOR- 
MULA. Phr.: having uttered this p., 
haec ita precatus, Liv. 8, 9, med. 

— book: liber precationum ; for- 
mulae precum: Kr. 

prayerful: supplex: v. SUPPLIANT. 
Or expr. by précor, préces: v. TO PRAY, 
PRAYER, 

prayerfully ; (cum) multis precibus ; 
supplex (cf. L. G. § 343). 

prayerless: *qui nullas preces Deo 
adhibet. 

preach: 1, praedico, 1 (to pro- 
claim: Gr. knpvcoew): Vulg. Matt. iii. 
1; et pass.: Corp. Conf. Angl. art. xxiii. 

2, perh. contionor, 1 (to deliver an 

address to a public assembly) : the usual 
word in M. L.; though Kr. condemns it 
as unsuitable (“der gew6hnliche Aus- 
druck contionari passt nicht fiir den 
Deutschen ”): Erasm. Enc. Mor. ii. 361: 
etc. To denote argumentative p.ing, 
disputo may be used: ct. Vulg. Act. xx. 
7, sqq. (Kr. suggests, in coetu sacro 
verba facere; de suggestu sacro ora- 
tionem habere: but contionor is perh. 
necessary as ¢. t. Praedico is strictly 
applicable only to proclamatory preach- 
ing.) Phr.: to practise what one p.s, 
quae quis doceat in usu habere, Plin. Ep. 
I, 10,11: must I be for ever p.’d to on 
the same subject ? an ego toties de eadem 
re audiam? Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 48: don’t p., 
*ne perge me obtundere istis tuis moni- 
tionibus. 

preacher: 1, praedicator (late): 
Tert. Mare. 4, 28, med. (perb. better, 
Evangeliis. Christi praedicator: cf. Vulg 
Mar. xvi. 15; 1 Cor. i. 23). 9. verbi 
divini praeco, Graev. (Kr.); verbi divini 
minister (V.D.M.); Scrr. Theol. saec. 
Xvil., pass.; divinae majestatis praeco, 
Lact. 3, Orater sacer (an elevated 
expr.): Eichst.(Kr.). Or expr. by verb: 
to be a goot p.. *optime appositeque de 
rebus divinis (theologicis) verba factitare ; 
Evangelii praedicandi laude excellere: 
who was the p.? *quis verba fecit? to be 
an able controversial p., *in disputando 
de rebus theologicis praecipue valere. 
(N.B.—Contionator in class. Lat. is, a 
demagogue : Cic. Cat. 4, 5,93; yet some 
Latinists use it in present sense: it is 
condemned by Krebs and Kraft.) 

preaching (subs.); expr. by verb: 
Vv. TO PREACH. 

preaching friars: (fratres) praedi- 
tatores: v. Du C., 8. v. 

572 





PRECINCT 


preamble: perh. exordium: v. EXx- 
ORDIUM, PREFACE. 

prebend: *praebenda: v. Du C., s. v. 

prebendary: *praebendarius: v. 
Du C., s. v. 

precarious: incertus, parum firmus 
s. stabilis: v. UNCERTAIN. Also in later 
writers, précarius (in Liv., ‘ac. = ob- 
tained by entreaty, not of right): cf. 
Sen. Tranq. 11, init.: id. Ep. 65, 17. 
Phr.: in the most p. position, in summo 
discrimine, Caes. B. G. 6, 38: Cic.: v. 
DANGER. (The use of obnoxius in later 
writers is akin to Eng.: ef. Plin. 14, 2, 4 
§ 27, obnoxii floris, of a vine the flower- 
ing of which is p., being exposed to 
risks.) 

precariously: Phr.: they live p. 
by hunting, *victum parum certum 
(precarium) venando quaeritaut. 

precaution: expr. by praecaveo, 
cavi, cautum, 2 (to take ps): Join: 
providere et praecavere, Cic. Pl. 22, 53. 
(Praecautio, v. late.) 

precautionary ; V- preced. art. 

precede: |. Intime: 1, antécedo, 
ssi, ssum, 3 (with acc. or dat.) : exercise 
should always p. food, exercitatio semper 
a. cibum debet, Cels. 1, 2, med.: Ter. Ph. 
3, 2, 40 (with dat.). 9. of that which 
ps by a certain interval: expr. by ante 
esse: (Numa Pompilius) p.d Pythagoras 
by very many years, annis permultis 
ante fuit quam Pythagoras, Cic. de Or. 
2, 37,154. See also PRECEDING. I. 
In place: anteeo, praeeo, etc.: v. TO GO 
BEFORE. 

precedence: Phr.: to give any one 
the p. (acknowledging inferiority), ced- 
ere alicui, Cic. Br. 6, 22 (c. fascesque 
submittere); by yielding the pathway, 
decedere, Cic. Sen. 18, 63: entitled to 
take the p. (of other matters), antiquior, 
antiquissimus, Vell. 2, 52: Cic. Att. To, 
8: to give the p. to one matier over an- 
other, alicui rei praeverti, Caes. B. G. 7, 
33: this among the Numidians denotes 
p. hoc apud Numidas honori ducitur, 
Sall. Jug. 11, med.: the two were disput- 
ing about the p., *ambigebant inter se 
utri dignitatis prior locus deferretur : 
this magistrate takes the p. of all the 
rest, *hujus magistratus dignitas potior 
est (ceteris) omnibus. 

precedent: exemplum: a novel p., 
novum ex., Sall. Cat. 51, med.: on the 
strength of this p., hoc ex., ib. paulo 
infr.: to leave a dangerous p. for after- 
times to follow, periculosam imitationem 
exempli in posterum prodere, Cic. Fl. ur, 
init. Join: conditio atque exemplum 
(opp. homo ipse de quo agitur), ib. 10, 
extr. Phr.: consider the p. you are 
establishing, quid in alios statuatis con- 
siderate, Sall. l.c.: legal p.s, res judi- 
catae, Auct. Her. 2, Io, 14. 

preceding (adj.): 1, proximus 
(immediately before or after): (Tullus 
Hostilius) unlike the p. king, p. regi 
dissimilis, Liv. 1, 22, inié.: Cic.: v. 
Last (II.), NEXT. 2, prior, us: im the 
p. year, p. anno, Caes. in Cic. Fam. 12, 
13, med.: in the p. book, p. volumine, 
Col. 12, 1, inité. 3, stpérior, us: 
during the p. days, s. diebus, Caes. B. G. 
7,58: v. FORMER. Cf. Cic. Cat. 1, init., 
where proxima nox is the niyht gust 
passed ; superior nox, the night preceding 
that. 4, antécédens, ntis (rare): Plin. 
13, 8, 16. 

precentor: praecentor (chori): Apul. 
Phr.: to act as p. cantu praeire (R. 
and A.). 

precept: praeceptum: p.s of philo- 
sophy, p. philosophiae, Cic. Off. 1, init. : 
et pass. See also RULF. 

preceptive: praeceptivus (late and 
rare): Sen. Ep. 95, init. (= Gr. map- 
awvet.ixos, didactic). Usu. better expr. 
by praeceptum. 

praeceptor : 
tor): Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 37. 
magister: Vv. TEACHER. 

preceptress : praeceptrix, icis: Cic. 

precinct; terminus: mostly pl.: 
within the sacred p.s of the temple, intra 
terminos sacratos templi, Liv. 45, 5, 


praeceptor (instruc- 
Also doctor, 


med.: to enlarge the p.s of the city, ter- | 





PRECONCEPTION 





minos urbis propagare, Tac. A. 12, 23. 
See also BOUNDARY. Sacred ps may 
also be expr. by penetralia, templum: 
cf. Liv. l.c.: V.TEMPLE. Phr.: thep.s of 
day, luminis orae, Lucr. 1, 180, et pass. 

precious : 1, prétidsus: p. per- 
fumes, p. odores. Col. 3, 8: the most 
p. work of human genius (poems of 
Homer), pretiosissimum humaui ingenii 
opus, Plin. 7, 29, 30: the p. metals, 
*metalla pretiosiora. (In Cic. = very 
high priced: Off. 3,23,89.) 2, magni, 
maximi, summi pretii ; v. VALUE. Some- 
times = dearly loved: dilectus, dilectis- 
simus, dulcissimus, stiavissimus: Vv. 
DEAR, SWEET. P. stones, gemmmae: V. 
GEM. Colloq. = thorough: germanus: 
I know I have been a p. donkey, scio me 
asinum g. fuisse, Cic. Att. 4, 5. 

preciousness : magnum pretium: v. 
VALUE, 

precipice; locus praeceps: Liv. 21, 
36. Phr.: the defile led through steep 
p.s on either side, praecipites deruptaeque 
angustiae erant, ib. c. 34. See also PRE- 
CIPITOUS. 


precipitancy 2 nimia festinatio, 
precipitation : celeritas: v. 


HASTE, HURRY. Phr.: with too much 
p. inconsulte ac temere, Cic. N. D. 1, 
16, 43: temere ac nulla ratione, id. de 
Or. 2, 8, 32. 
precipitate (.): 1. praecipito, 1 
(to throw down headlong): Cic.: Caes. 
Q. déjicio, 3: v. TO CAST DOWN. 
precipitate (adj.): 1. praeceps, 
cipitis (hasty, inconsiderate): Cic. Ph. 
5, 13, 37 (homo in omnibus consiliis 
praeceps): Suet. Aug. 8 (consilium p. 
et immaturum). Q, témérarius: v. 
RECKLEss. 9, praeruptus: Tac. Phr.: 
Jrom over p. despair, nimis celeri despe- 
ratione, Liv. 21, 1, intt.: @ p. (over 
hasty) commencement of a@ canvass, prae- 
propera prensatio, Cic. Att. 1, 1, itt. 
precipitately : inconsulte ac temere: 
V. PRECIPITANCY. See also HURRIEDLY. 
precipitation: Vv. PRECIPITANCY. 
precipitous: 14. praeceps, cipitis 
a steep and p. place, declivis ac p. locus, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 33: p. rocks, saxa praeci- 
pitia, Liv. 38, 23, init.: Cic. 2. di- 
rectus (steep, perpendicular): a p. 
mountain range, jugum d., Caes. B. C. 
2,74: a place with steep, p. sides, locus 
utraque ex parte directus, ib. 1, 43. 
So also, rectus: Liv. 21, 36, init. 3. 
praeruptus (steep and rugged): p. rocks, 
p. saxa, Cic. Verr. 5, 56, 145: Caes.: 
Hirt. (who has superl.). Less freq. 
abruptus (broken off sharp; sheer): 
Curt. 7, 11, init. (petra abscissa et abr.): 
Plin.: and deruptus: Tac. 
precipitously: expr. by praeceps: 
cf. L. G. § 343- 
precise: |. Exact: Phr.: tostate 
the p. number, exacto affirmare numero, 
quot...., Liv. 3, 5, med.; subtiliter 
exsequi numerum, ib. paulo infr. See 
also EXACT. ||. Particular : morosus, 
acciratus ; V. PARTICULAR (III.). 
precisely ; subtiliter: v. PRECISE 
1). Phr.: itis p. thirty days since I 
received a letter from you, Xxx dies ipsi 
erant, per quos nullas (litteras) a te 
acceperam, Cic. Att. 3, 21: that is p. the 
thing, rem ipsam putasti! Ter. Ph. 4, 
5,6. See alsu NICK (of time). 
preciseness Bees (over- 
precision : nicety) : Suet. Tib. 
jo. (Or expr. by adj.: v. PRECISE.) 
preclude: Vv. TO PREVENT. 
precocious : 1, praecox, dOcis; 
also, praecoquis, e (ripening early): p. 
sort of intellects, ingeniorum velut 
praecox genus, Quint. 1, 3, 3: Sen. De 
festinatus ( that is pushed on too fast): 
p. maturity, f. maturitas, Quint. 6, 
prooem. § 10. (Praematurus = PREMA= 
TURE.) 
precocity ; maturitas festinata: v. 
preced. art. 
preconceived: praejidicatus: Cic. 
N. D. 1, §, 10 (p. opinio): that you bring 
no p. opinion into court, ut ne quid 
praejudicati hue afferatis, id. Clu. 2, 6. 
See also TO PREJUDGE. ; . 
preconception: pracjudicata opinios 








PRECONCERTED 


y. preced. art. Phr.: some (undefined) 


D. 1, 16, 43. 
preconcerted Phra 


. 


tt is @ p. 








PREFER 


PREGNANCY 





gen. sense, greater prevalence: expr. by 


B é seg anticipatio quaedam deorum, | superare, plures esse: V. TO PREDOMI- | ante, id. Off. 3, 17, 71. 


NATE. 


predominant : |. Politically : 


| Rarely with tmesis: mala bonis ponif 
2, praepodno 
3 (same constr.): id. Ph. 9, 7, init.: Ter 

3. antéféro, 3, irr. (to give pre- 


, compusito factum est, Ter. Ph. | Phr.: the oligarchy became more and | cedence to): to p. Demosthenes to all 


5, 1, 29: more freq. ex composito 
(in accordance with a p. scheme): 
Liv. 1, 9, med.: cf. Sall. Jug. 66, com- 
positis inter se rebus, in diem tertium 
constituunt. 

precursor: praenuntius, 7. -a: v. 
HARBINGER, FORERUNNER. 

precursory : expr. by significo, dé- 
Cuntio: v. TO FOREBODE. 

predatory : pruedatorius: Sall. Jug. 
20 (p. manus sc. militum). Hngaged in 
a@ p. excursion, praedabundus: Sall.: 
Liv. Also praedator can be used as 
adj.: L. G. § 598. Phr.: a p. people, 
gens latrociniis (praedationibusque) as- 
sueta, Curt. (R. and A.). 

predecessor: 1, expr. by proxi- 
Mus (rex, etc.): V. PRECEDING. a 
a retiring governor, décessor: Tac. Agr. 
4: Cic. fr. Scaur. 33. 

predestinarian: *qui omnia a Deo 
ex mero ipsius arbitrio praedestinata 
esse credit. 

predestinate: theol. term, prae- 
destino, 1: Vulg. Rom. viii. 29, etc.: 
Corp. Confess. (A more class. expr. 
would be praefinio, 4; cf. Gr. rpoopigw.) 


predestination: pravdestinatio : 
Aug.: Corp. Confess. 

predestine: Vv. PREDESTINATE. 

predetermine : 1, praefinio, 4: 


Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 21. 
v. TO FIX (IL., 4). 

predicable: *praedicabilis : as logic. 
t.t. Otherwise exp. by praedicari posse: 
Y. TO PREDICATE, 

predicament: ‘J. Logical: cite- 
ae (Gr. xatnyopia), praedicamentum : 
sid. Or. 2, 26, 1 (sequuntur Aristotelis 
categoriae, quae Latine praedicamenta 
dicuntur). |]. Collog.: Phr.: to be 
tn an awkward p., in angustiis esse; ad 
incitas redactum esse: vV. DIFFICULTY 3; 
TO NONPLUS. 

predicate (v.): praedico, 1 (logical 
t.t.): Isid. 2, 26, 6: Scrr. Logic. pass. 

predicate (subs.): praedicatum : as 

t 


2. praestituo, 3: 


predict: 1. praedico, xi, ctum, 3: to 
p what is to come to pass, futura p., Cic. 

iv. 1, init.: Virg. (Not necessarily a 
supernatural act: hence, pr. eclipsim, to 
p. an eclipse, Plin.) 2. vaticinor, 
1; cano, 3: Vv. TO PROPHESY. 8. au- 
guror, less freq. -0, 1 (as a soothsayer, on 
the strength of certain signs): Calchas 
from the number of the sparrows p.d 
the duration of the Trojan war, C, ex 
passerum numero belli Trojani annos 
auguratus est, Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: Tac. 
(Auguror does not necessarily imply the 
uttering of the prophetic foreboding : v. 
TO FOREBODE, LI.) 

prediction: 1. praedictio (strictly, 
the act of predicting): Cic. Div. 2, 25, 

‘ Q. praedictum (usu. pl.): the p.s 
of astrologers, astrologorum pr., ib. 2, 42, 
83: Suet. (Instead of sing. of praedictum, 
use praediciio.) See also PROPHECY. 

predilection; nearest word, sti- 
dium: cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 5, suo quisque 
studio maxime ducitur, i.e. every one 
has his p. Jor something: to havea p. 
for philosophy, *philosuphiae praecipuo 
studio (amore) duci: v. FONDNEsS, PAS- 
ston (V.). 

predispose: Phr.: these things p.d 
the jury to believe..., *propter haec (ex 
his rebus) judicum animi inclinabant 
magis ad credendum, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 
187; *inclinatiores erant ad credendum, 
cf. Liv. 23, 46: pd to a disease, morbo 
opportunus, Cels. 1, 5: or perh. better, 
morbo obnoxius (Vv. LIABLE). 

predisposition: voluntatis inclina- 
tio; studium propensum: v. INCLINA- 
TION. 

predominance : |. Political : 
potentia: they dreaded the p. of any of 
their fellow-citizens, omnium civium 
sucrum p. extimescebant, Nep. Milt. 8: 
Cic. Sall. To have the p., (plurimum) 
pollere, Caes. B.C. 1,4: Cic. I}. In 


| more p., paucorum potentia crevit, Sall. 
| Cat. 39: the p. party, *it qui plurimum 
|in republica pollent; penes quos est 
| summa rerum. I]. Jlore numerous : 
Vv. TO PREDOMINATE. 
| predominate : |. To be more 
| powerful, in the ascendant: polleo, ui, 
|2: esp. with advv. plus, plurimum: 
| Caes, B. C. 1, 4: similarly, possum: v. 
| powrR, ILI, fin.: cf. PREDOMINANT (L.). 
I]. Zo be the more numerous or 

plentiful: perh. siipero, 1: Virg. G. 1, 
18g (si superant fetus = si major fetuum | 
copia est): in such a multitude the bad 
p. *in tali turba plerumque plures solent 
esse mali; abundare solent improbi 

predominating (a4j.): praecipuus: 
Vv. PRINCIPAL. 

pre-eminence : |. Superiority : 
excellentia, praestantia : Vv. SUPERIORITY. 

||. Foremost position: principatus, 

iis: the sun holds p. among the heavenly 
bodies, sol nstrorum p. obtinet, Cie. N. D. 
2,19, tnit. More fully, dignitatis prin- 





cipatus, id. Off. 2. 19, 66. Phr.: to 
enjoy the p. over all, eminere inter 
omnes, id. Or, 29, ad jin. See also PRE- 


CEDENCE. 

pre-eminent: Phr.: (Cicero) p. 
as ‘an orator, praecipuus in eloquentia 
vir, Quint. 6, 3, 3: to be p. in dignity, 
dignitate excellere, Caes. B. G. 6, 133 
more fully, super ceteros excellere, Liv. 
38, 43, ad init. : prae ceteris florere, Cic. 
Sen. 1, 4. See also DISTINGUISHED; TO 
EXCEL. 

pre-eminently: super ceteros, prae 
ceteris: v. preced. art. 

pre-engagement : prior obligatio: 
V. OBLIGATION. Phr.: to have a p. (to 
visit), jam promisisse : v. TO ENGAGE 
CAS NIT): 

pre-exist : expr. by ante esse (ex- 
sistere)...quam: Vv. BEFORE (adv.). 

pre-existence : V. TO PRE-EXIST. 

preface (subs.): praefatio (something 
said to introduce a subject): to state a 
matter to a judge without p., nulla p. 
facta rem judici exponere, Gai. Dig. 1, 
2,1: Plin. N. H. pref. § 13. (This is the 
best word to denote a p. to a book, and 
is so used by all Latinists.) To say a 
Jew words by way of p., pauca praefari, 
Liv. pref. init. See also INTRODUCTION 
(iUI.). 

preface (v.) : 
preced. art. fin. 

prefatory: Phr.: to make a few 
p. observations, pauca praefari, Liv. pref. 
init.: cf. pauca praeponere, Cic. Fam. 11, 
27 (words not implying that what is 
thus said is to introduce a sequel). 

prefect: praefectus. with gen. or 
dat.: for the different officers so called, 
see Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 

prefecture: praefectira (office of 
praefectus): p. of morals, p. morum, 
Suet. Caes. 76: absol. = government of 
a town in the provinces, Cic. Att. 5, 21. 
Also denoting certain towns and on 
vinces governed by a praefectus: Vell. 
2, 44 (of Capua): Plin. 5, 9, 9. 

prefer : |, Zo bring forward: 

hr.: to p. a charge against any one, 
nomen alicujus deferre de aliqua re, Cic. 
R. Am. 10, 28: also with dat. of person, 
id. Coel. 23, 56: also the gen. of the 
charge occurs (instead of abl. with de), 
id. Verr. 2, 2, 28 68 (buic... ejusdem 
rei nomen detulerunt) ; the judge before 
whom, being expr. by prep. ad, ib.: 
later, crimen deferre, Liv. 42, 11, int. 
See also TO PRESENT. ||. Zo advance 
to honour: antéféro, tiili, latum, 3, m7. 
(to set one person before another: with 
acc. and dat.): by every kind of hon- 
our to be p.’d to others, ceteris omni 
honore anteferri, Cic. Prov. Cons. 11, 27. 
See also TO PROMOTE. Il. Vo hold in 
higher estimation : 1, antépono, 
posui, itum, 3 (with acc. and dat.): to 
p. friendship above everything, amici- 
tiam omnibus rebus a, Cic. Am. §, 17. 


praefari, 1: Liv.: v. 


besides, omnibus unum a. Demosthenem, 
Cic. Or. 7, 23: Cues. 4, expr. by 
posthabeo, 2 (lo hold inferior: preced. 
| constr. reversed): J p.’d their sport to 
|my business, posthabui illorum mea 
seria ludo, Virg. E. 7, 17: Cic. Tusc. 5, 
init. Pbhr.: they always p.’d death to 
slavery, mors iis semper fuit servitute 
potior, id. Ph. 10, 9, 19: so, potiorem 
(aliquam rem) habere, Caes. B.C. 1, 8: 
so With antiquior: he p.d praise and 


| glory to a thione, antiquior ei fuit laus 


et gloria quam regnum, Cic. Div. 2. 37, 
78. lV. 70 desire rather ; like better : 
1, malo, 3, irr. (most freq. foll. by 
inf.; also by acc., esp. of neut. pron. or 
adj.): he p.s slavery to fighting, servire 
quam pugnare mavult, Cic. Att. 7, 15: 
strengthened by potius, id. Div. Verr. 6, 
21 (se ab omnibus desertos potings quam 
abs te defensos esse malunt): t p. 
greatly, multo m., id. Att. 12, 21, fin.: 
a thing which I should p., quod mallem 
(parenth.), Ov. Tr. 2, 239. Also with 
subj. (without ut): Cat. 24, 4 (cogno- 
scerem, in Cic. Fam. 7, 14, should be 
inf.). 2. praeopto, 1 (to desire in 
preference: not in Cic.): Nep. Att. 12, 
imit.: to be p.’d, praeoptandus, Liv. 23, 
43. See also PREFERENCE (in). 
preferable: 1. potior (neut. form, 
potius in this sense best avoided) ; with 
sup. pdtissimus (when more than two 
things are compared): cf. TO PREFER 
(iLL., fin.). (For the use of comp. and 
superl. cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 12, fin., utrum 
potius aut quid potissimum sit.) 24 
antiquior, us (taking precedence): Cic.: 
Vv. TO PREFER (III., fin.). 3. praeop- 
tandus; potius (potissimum) diligendus: 
V. PREFERENCE (in). Also the compar. 
of praestans, praestabilis, etc., may serve, 
whep both the things compared are 
good. To deem p., antepono, antefero, 
etc.: V. TO PREFER. 

preference: Phr.: to give the p. b, 
antépono, etc.: v. TO PREFER (II1.). See 
also PRECEDENCE; and folL art. 

——, in: potius; sup., potissimum 
(when more than two objects are com- 
pared): to choose in p. to all, potisstimum 
deligere, Nep. Att. 12: Caes. B. C. 2, 43. 
(For potius, v. RATHER.) To desire in 
p-, praeopto, 1: desiring a lowly rank 
at home in p. to exile, praeoptantes ex- 
silio modicam domi fortunam, Liv. 29, 
30, fin. See also TO PREFER (LV.). 

preferment: expr. by antéféro (cf. 
TO PREFER, II.): honore s. dignitate 
augeo, amplifico: v. TO PROMOTE. Ec- 
clesiastical: perh. dignitas, honoris gra- 
dus (R. and A.). To attain the highest 
possible p., *ad summum ecclesiae fas- 
tigium pervenire; summos ecclesiasticae 
conditionis honores consequi. 

prefigure: figiro, 1: Aug. Civ. D. 
16, 2. (Christiani possunt videri medio 
Noe filio figurati): in same sense, signt- 
fico: v.TOSIGNIFY. (Praefiguro, in diff. 
sense, to set before one, Lact. 6, 20: 
though Aug. has the subs. praefiguratia, 
in present sense, l. c.; and the verb is 
used by modern theol. writers.) 

prefigurement : praef igtratio : 
Aug. Civ. D. 16, 2. 

prefix (v.)  Phr.: to p. the name of 
the Emperor to a document, diplomati 
Principem praescribere, Tac. H. 2, 65. 
cf. Virg E. 6,12: to p. verses toa volume, 
versus in prima fronte libelli proponere, 
Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 35: to p. a syllable toa 
word, *syllabam vocabulo praeponere, 

prefix (subs.): praepdsitio: Cic. Top. 
11, 48: or, *particula praepositiva. 

pregnancy : ], praegnatio (in- 
freq., and only suited to physiological 
writing): Varr. R. R. 2, 1, med. (prae- 
gnationis primi et extremi fines [concep- 
tus et partus], of animals): Apul. 2, 
grividitas (state of p.; whereas prae- 
gnatio denotes the whole progress from 
conception to birth: rare): Cic. N. D. 2, 
46,119. Ina state of p., gravida, prae& 

57% 


PREGNANT 





guaus: V. PREGNANT, Phr.: women in 
a state of p- feminae uterum gerentes, 
Cels. 2, 10, init. In fig. sense, perh. *vis 
quaedam orationi subjecta ac paene la- 
tens. 

pregnant: |. Lit: 1, grav- 
ida (in widest sense): Cels. 2, 10, wit. : 
Cic. Virg. 2. praegnans, ntis (like 
preced., though gravida is more na- 
turally used of advanced pregnancy) : 
Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 182. Varr. (Feta is 
used both of u female that is with young, 
and that has brought young forth.) To 
be p., uterum gerere, Cels. 2, 10, init. : 
also, in utero gestare, partum ferre, etc.: 
v. GESTATION. |], Full of latent vigour 
and expression: Phr.: how p. is this 
language, *quantos et quam validos 
sensus huec oratio in se habet. As 
gram. ¢. ¢., *praegnans. 

prehensile: *ad prehendendum 
habilis. 

preintimation : praesagium : 
Join: praesagia atque indicia (futuri 
periculi], Vell. 2, 57: Col. Phr.: to 
give p.s, praesignificare [futura], Cic. 
Div. 1, 38, 82. See also TO INTIMATE, 
SIGNIFY. (Praesignificatio, Lact.) 

preintimate: praesignifico, 1: Cic. 
See also TO FOREWARN, FOREBODE. 

prejudge: praejiidico, 1 (strictly 
legal term, to pass sentence beforehand 
or first: in Eng. sense, esp. in p. part.): 
ef. Cic. Clu. 2, 6, ut ne quid huc prae- 
judicaii afferatis, i.e. not to enter the 
jury-box with the case p.d. Or by cir- 
cuml: cf. Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 8, (rem) 
prius dijudicare quam scis quid veri siet 
(R. and A.). See also foll. art. 

prejudgment: praejudicium (sen- 
tence either actually or virtually passed 
before): Quint. 5, 2: Cic. 

prejudice : |. Opinion enter- 
tained without due ground : opinio prae- 
judicata: v. PRECONCEIVED. (N.B. Not 
praejudicium : v. preced. art.) Il. 
Detriment: expr. by obesse, detrimento 
esse; V. PREJUDICIAL. 

prejudice (v.): Phr.: top. the jury 
against any one, aliquem judicibus sus- 
pectum facere, cf. Quint. 9, 2, 59; *ju- 
dices sinistra erga aliquem opinione 
imbuere: the people were already p.d in 
favour of the young man, *studia homi- 
num jam ante in advlescentem inclina- 
bant; jam ante adolescens studia homi- 
num praeoccupaverat, cf. Liv. 21, 20, 
med.: all men are more or less p.d, 
*omnes saltem aliquatenus praejudicatis 
opinionibus ducuntur: V. £0 PREPOSSESS 5 
PRECONCEIV ED. 

prejudicial]: Phr.: to 6e p. to, 
obesse, with dat.: the modesty of Crassus 
was so far from being p. to the effect of 
his oratory, that..., (Crassi pudor) non 
modo non obfuit orationi ejus, sed..., 
Cic. de Or. 1, 27, extr. (opp. commenda- 
tione prodesse): V. TO INJURE, INJU- 
RIOUS. 

prejudicially: expr. by obsum: v. 
TO INJURE. 

prelacy: perh. *praesulum s. epis- 
coporum potentia (prelatia quam nos- 
trates dicunt). 

prelate: *praesul, stlis: M. L. 
(Praelatus, barbarous.) 

prelatical: v. EPISCOPAL. 

prelection: perh. praelectio (as 
t. t.): but v. LECTURE. 

prelibation : Vv. FORETASTE. 

preliminary: Phr.: to male a few 
p. remarks, pau-a praefari, Liv. pref.: a 
p. skirmish (and fig., of the opening of a 
speech), prolusio, Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 325: 
also, praelusio [atque praecursio], Plin. 
Ep.6,13, extr.: so, proludere, to engage in 
a p. skirmish, Cic. 1. c.: these delays are 
p. toa letter life, per has [mortalis aevi] 
moras illi meliori vitae proluditur, Sen. 
Ep. 192, 23 a p. (judicial) inquiry, 
praejudicium, Quint 5, 2,1: relating to 
such an inquiry, praejudicialis, Gai. 4, 

In pl as subs.: the p.s, esp. of ne- 

gotiation : these p.s having been gone 
through, *his rebus rite peractis; quum 
omnia ex ordine peracta essent. 

prelude (subs): |, Musical: pro- 
oemium: Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 325. (Prae- 

514 


musical strain.) 
prolisio, 


prelusive strains). 





PREMONITORY 





PREPARE 





cently, Gell. 1, 11 and Auct. Har. Resp. 


10, 21, is u strain of music played before 
vattle, etc.: not the prelude to a longer 
{}. In fig. sense: 
praelisio: v. tRELIMINARY. 
(N.B.—Praeludium, late and barbarous.) 

prelude (v.): perh. praelido, 3: cf. 
Plin. 37,2, 7. Better expr. by cano: cf. 
Quint. 4, 1, 2, citharoedi pauca, antequam 
legitimum certamen inchoent, canunt 
(they prelude a few strains, play a few 
In sim. sense, prae- 
tentare pollice chordas (pvet.), Ov. Met. 
5, 339. cf. Tac. A. 14, 15, tentans citha- 
ram et praemeditans (tuning up ”). 

prelusive: expr. by ante... cano: 
v. preced, art. 

prelusory: Phr.: a p. encounter, 
praelisio, prolisio: v. PRELIMINARY. 
Or expr. by praeludo: cf. Flor. 4, 2, 
init., Mariana rabies intra urbem prae- 
luserat, quasi experiretur. 

premature : 1, praeproperus 
(over-hasty) : p. commencement of @ 
canvass, p. prensatio, Cic. Att. 1, 1, iit. 

2. immatirus: a p. (untimely) 

death, im. mors, Cic. Ph. 2, 46, 119: 
Suet.: Plin. min. 8. praematurus 
(coming before its time; whereas, im- 
maturus denotes either that something 
is immature or unripe or the person 


unripe for it): @ p. announcement, p. 


denuntiatio, Plan. in Cic. Fam. 15, 8, 
med.: p. gay hairs, p. canities, Tac. A. 
14, 57, ext. (where immatura would be 
out of place): Plin. 4. acerbus (lit. 
sour; as unripe fruit: poet.): Virg. 
Aen. 6, 429. See also PRECOCIOUS. 

prematurely : 1, immature: 
Col.: Vell. Q. praematire: Pl: 
Gell. Or expr. by adj.: to die p., im- 
matura morte opprimi: v. PREMATURE. 
Phr.: had not Catiline given the signal 
p., ni Catilina maturasset signum dare, 
Sall. Cat. 18, fin. (but the usage of other 
authors would rather suggest festinasset 
or properasset). 

premeditate: praeméditor, cogito : 
v. TO MEDITATE; and foll. art. 

premeditated (part. and adj.): 
Phr.: to come forward to speak without 
having anyihing p., ad agendum nihil 
cogitati praemeditatique deferre (? af- 
ferre), Quint. 4, 5,2: todo a p. injury, 
injuriam consulto et cogitate facere, Cic. 
Off. 1, 8, fin.: so, de (ex) industria, with 
intent, designedly (v. PURPOSE, on): to 
deliver a p. speech, meditata (opp. subita, 
SHenEeTeS) proferre, Plin. Ep. 1, 
16, 2. 

premeditation : praeméditatio 
(thinking about beforehand): Cic. ‘Tusc. 
3, 14, init.: also, meditatio (in same 
sense), ib. 3, 15, 32. Phr.: wtth p, 
cogitate, consulte, etc.: v. preced. art. 

premier: ‘princeps reipublicae ad- 
ministrandae. 

premise (v.): 1, praefari, 1: 
Cic. Tim. 10, eztr.: Liv. 2. prae- 
pono, posni, itum, 3: Cic. Fam. 11. 27, 
init. (de qua, prius quam respondeo, 
pauca proponam). Comp. use of prae- 
munire (tv lay down as preliminary) ; 
id. Leg. 1, 12, fim., quae praemuniuntur 
omnia reliquo sermoni, etc. 

premises : |. In logic: v. PRE- 
MISS. Il. Buildings and land: perh. 
aedes, aedificia: v. HOUSE, BUILDING. 

premiss: *praemissa (major, minor): 
Logical ¢. ¢.: Aldr.: Milt.: Pure Lat. 
propositio (mayor), assumptio (minor) : 
Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 67: Milt. Logic plen. 
Inst. 2, 10. In pl. praemissa, orum : 
Milt. l.c. Phr.: to grant the p.s and 
deny the conclusion, consequentia repre- 
hendere quum prima concesseris, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 9, init.: 80, ea quae antecesse- 
runt, ef. id. Inv. 1, 46, 86. 

premium: expr. by praemium : that 
would be lo put a p. on vice, *ita quasi 
praemia vitiis constituantur: see also 
INCENTIVE. 

premonition: mdnitum, minitio: 
Vv. WARNING. (Praemopitu Deum, by 
the p. of the Gods: Ov. Met. 15, 800.) 

premonitory: expr. by circuml.: 
to give p. signs, praemonere, significare, 
praemonstrare, (v. TO FOREWARN, FORE- 








BODE): p. symptoms of disease, notae 
futurae adversae valetudinis, Cels. 3, 2, 
med.: called shortly alter, terrentia 
(n. pl.), and indicia, 1. c. (N.B.—Not 
praemonitorius, which is without au- 
thority and unnecessary.) 
pre-occupation:  praeuccupatio : 
e. g. locornam: Nep. Hum. 3. 
pre-occupy: _ |. Zo take possession 
of first: praeocctipo, 1 to p. advan- 
tageous places, loca opportuna pr., Liv. 
44, 3, init.: Caes. Fig.: fearhad p’a 
their minds, timor animos praeoccu- 
paverat, Caes. B. G. 6, 41. Also the 
simple verb occupo, often carries with 
it the notion of anticipation: v. TO 
SEIZE. ||. 1m pass. to be p’d (have 
one’s thoughts taken wp): Phr.: you 
lok p.d, *nescio qua de re sollicitus 
videris: to interrupt a person ihen he 
is p.d, *aliquem tacitum intentumque 
alicui rei interpellare: to have a p.d@ 
air, *sollicitudines vultu praeferre. 
preparation : |. Act of pre- 
paring ; pieparatory measure : Z 
praeparativ (infreq.): to make careful 
p., diligentem p. adhibere, Cic. Off. 1, 21, 
extr. 2. comparatio (on a large 
scale; getting together resources, etc.): 
he employed the time in making ps for 
a new war, tempus ad c, novi belli con- 
tulit, Cic Man. 4, init.: Hirt. 3: 
apparatio (excessive or sumptuous p.): 
cf. Cic. Off. 2, 16, 56, magnificentia et a. 
popularium munerum: also, id. Inv. 2, 
18, 25 (= over-studied p. for speaking). 
Apparatus, tis = (grand) preparations 
(collect.): Cic. N. D. 1, 8, fin.: Hor. 
(N.B.—Very oft. better expr. by verb: 
to make all needful p.s, cuucta parare, 
Sall. Jug. 73: to make p.s for a war, 
bellum apparare, Cic. Man. 12, extr.: 
occupied in p.s, in apparando occupatus, 
Nep. Han. 7: to make p s for a banquet, 
convivium exornare, parare, comparare, 
instruere: v. TO PREPARE.) Il. 
medicine: compdsitio: Cels. Or expr. 
by verb: v. TO COMPOUND. 
preparatory: expr. by verb: v. To 
PREPARE. See also PRELIMINARY. 
prepare: A, lrans.: 1. 
make ready : 1, paro, 1: to p. every- 
thing necessary, quod opus est p., Ter. 
And. 3, 2, 43: to p. oneself to learn, p. 
se ad discendum, Cic. Or. 35,122. Join: 
parare et instruere [convivium], Cic, 
Verr. 4, 27,62. Comps. (1). praeparo, I 
(to get ready beforehand): to p. land 
for (a crop of ) grain, frumentis arva p., 
Col. 2, 16, init. : to p. for a journey, pro- 
fectionem p., Suet. lib. 38: Caes. B. G. 
5, 9 (= make ready previously). (2). 
comparo, 1 (esp. to bring together re- 
sources for an enterprise): top. resources 
against every emergency, subsidia ad- 
versus omnes casus ¢., Caes. B. G. 4, 31: 
to p. oneself (by collecting arguments) 
to reply, se ad respondendum c., Cic. 
N. D. 3, 8, init. (3). apparo, 1 (fo make 
careful preparations for): to p. (for) 
war, bellum a., Cic. Man. 12, extr.: v. 
PREPARATION (L., jin.). Join: [con- 
vivium] ornare et apparare, Cic. Verr. 
4, 20, 44. 9. orno. exorno, dadorno, & 
(to p. by furnishing and fitting out): 
Vv. TO FIT OUT, FURNISH. [|]. Zo miz 
amedicine: 1, compono, posul, itum, 
3: Col. 6, 4, imt.: Plin. 2, perh. 
concinno, 1. cf. Cato, R. R. 114, vinum 
c., ut alvum bonam faciat: ib. 115. 
Phr.: top. a draught, medicamentum 
(in poculo) diluere, Curt. 3, 6, med. 
(N.B. —Medicinam facere [R. and A.] is 
to practise physic.) II]. Zo study a 
speech or other composition: méditor, 
I: esp. in phr. meditari causam (¢o pre- 
pare one’s case, con a brief ), Cic. Att. 5, 
21, extr.: ‘Der: B. Intrans.: to 
make oneself ready: 1, paro, com- 
paro, I (with pron. refl.): foll. by ad 
and acc.: v supr.(A.,1.). Also apparo 
is used absol. (not in Cic.), = apparo 
me: and followed by infin. : as he was 
p.ing to cross over from Sicily, quum 
trajicere ex Sicilia appararet, cf. Suet. 
Aug. 47, extr. Q, accingo, nxi,nctum, 
3 (with pron. refl. or oftener, as pass. 
refl.; to gird oneself: chiefly poet.): 





PREPAY 








come, prepare! accingere! ‘Ter. Ph. 2, 
2, 4: to p. to take revenge, accingi ad 
ultionem, Tac. H. 4, 79. 

prepay: ‘to p. a letter, *pretium per- 
ferendae epistolae quum datur solvere. 

prepense: V. DELIBEKATE, adj. (LI1.). 

preponderance: Phr.: tu have the 
p., plus, plurimum pollére: Cic.: Caes. 
Cf. PKEDOMINANCE. 

preponderate: v. TO PREDOMINATE. 

preposition : praepbsitio: Quint. 1, 
4 13. 

prepossess: expr. by commends, 1: 
@ quiet style p.’s (the gury) in Javour 

the accused, oratio placida maxime 
commendat reos, Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 183. 
See also TO PREJUDICE; and PREPOS- 
SESSING. 

prepossessing (adj.): Phr.: there 
was something p. about his countenance, 
*gratiae nescio quid praeferebat (in) 
vultu; *ipse vultus hominem com- 
mendabat. 

prepossession: praejudicata opinio: 
V. PRECONCEIVED, 

preposterous: praepostérus (strict- 
ly. in ine order : hence, absurd) : 
Cic. Rab. Post. 13, 37. See also MON- 
STROUS, ABSURD. 

preposterously ; v. MONSTROUSLY, 
ABSURDLY. 

prepuce: praepitium : Juv. 14, 99. 

prerequisite: expr. by Opus est; 
nécessarius: Vv. NECESSARY. 

prerogative: perh. majestas: to 
interfere with the voyal p., m. regiam 
minuere, Caes. B. C. 3, 106: cf. Cic. in 
Pis. 11, init., magnum nomen est...., 
magna dignitas, magna majestas consulis. 
Or expr. by jus: the consular p. does 
not extend to any of these things, uul- 
lius earum rerum consuli jus est, Sall. 
Cat. 29, extr. Phr.: to interfere with 
the p. of the people, quod populi pro- 
prium semper fuit imminuere, Cic. Agr. 
2,7, 19. Pas 

resage (subs.): 1, praesagium, 

indicium: Vv. PREINTIMATION. 5 
augirium (foreboding): Cic. Tusc. 1, 
15, 33. Seealsoomen. To have a p. of 
something, praesagio, ivi, 4: with animo, 
Liv. 30, 20. See also TO FOREBODE. 

presage (v.): |, To pre-intimate: 
portendo, significo, etc.: v. TO FORE- 
BODE (I.). — |, Zo have anticipations 
of the future: auguror, praesagio (cf. 
preced. art.): v. TO FOREBODE (11.). 

presbyter: presbyter, éri (elder) : 
Tert.: Calvin Inst. 4, 3, 8, etc. (= pas- 
tor). More precisely, presbyter laicus : 
cf. Hooker, Eccl. Pol. VI. 

presbyterian : *presby terianus 
(quem dicunt); qui presbyteros laicos 
ecclesiae praeponi vult. 

presbytery : *collegium presbyter- 
orum. 

prescience : praescientia (late and 
rare): Aug.: V. FOREKNOWLEDGE, 

prescient: praesciens: Virg.: Ov. 

prescribe: |, To dictate: prae- 
scribo, psi, ptum, 3: J p. to the Senate 
what has to be done, Senatui quae sunt 
agenda praescribo, Cic. Sen. 6, 18. To 
act according to a p.d rule, ad prae- 
scriptum agere, Caes. B.C. 3, 51. See 
also To rnsTRucT (I1.). |]. Zo order a 
medicine : 1, praescribo, 3: cf. Cic. 
Div. 2, 59, 123, curationem valetudinis 
pr.: M.L. 2, propono, 3: Nep. Att. 
21 (remedia celeria faciliaque propone- 
bantur, sc. a medicis). 

prescription: |. Claim arising 
out of use: usus (et) auctoritas, Cic. 
Caec. 19, init.: id. Top. 4,23: v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. auctoritas (X.). [I]. 
Medical: compisitio: Cels. 5, 21, 4 (op- 
tima adversus inflammationes vulvae 
Numenii compositiv: the ingredients 
and quantities following). Or perh. 
Medicamenti formula (Kr.). Phr.: to 
write a p., medicamentum praescribere : 
V. TO PRESCRIBE. 

prescriptive right: Vv. PRESCRIP- 
TION (1.). 


presence: |. Being in view: 
1. praesentia: to avoid any one’s p., 
slicujus aspectum p.que vitare, Cic. Cat. 
I, 1,17: Vell. Q. expr. by praesens: 





PRESENT 


in my, thy, ... p., me, te... praesente, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 112 (in presentia—=for 
the present): to declare any one deserving 
of death, in his very p., aliquem prae- 
sentem [et audientem] vita privandum 
esse dicere, id. Cat. 4,6,13. Phr.: im 
the p. of, cOram (both as adv., and more 
freq., prep. with abl.): uhen I came 
into your p., ut veni coram, Hor. S. 1, 6, 
56: in the p. of a numerous attendance 
of delegates, coram frequentissimo lega- 
tionum conventu, Nep. Epam. 6: Cic.- 
strengthened by praesens Cic. Agr. 3, 
init. (coram potius, me praesente, dix- 
issenv). {]. In phr. presence of 
mind : (?) praesentia animi (good cou- 
rage, resolution): Cic. Mil. 23, 62: Plin. 
8, 25, 38 (but the sense is not identical : 
v. ll. cc.) : in same sense, praesens ani- 
mus: to show p. of mind, praesenti 
animo uti et consilio ( which corresponds 
very closely to the Eng.), Cic. Off. 1, 
23, 80: a!so sometimes perh., animo ades- 
se (which denotes either attention or 
courage: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. as- 
sum, L., 4): to lose one’s p. of mind, 
perturbari ... et de gradu dejici (ut di- 
citur), Cic. Off. 1. c. a 
present (adj.): |. Now existing. 
1, praesens, ntis: chiefly in certain 
phrr.: e. g. p. cirewmstances (“« the pre- 
sent”), praesentia: Cic. Div. 1, 30, 63 
(praeterita.. .praesentia...futura): Suet. 
At the p. time, praesenti tempore, Ov, 
F. 3, 478: more freq., without subs., in 
praesenti, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, fin. For the 
p., in praesens tempus: Cic. Cat. 1, ‘ee 
(opp. in posteritatem, by and bye): Hor 
A. P. 44: also, without tempus: tf for 
the p. fortune has forsaken us, si for- 
tuna in praesens deseruit, lac. H. 4, 58. 
Also instead of in praesenti or in prae- 
sens, in praesentia, Caes. B. G. 1, 15 
(satis...in praesentia, sufficient for the 
p.): Cic.: Nep. N.B.— Impraesen- 
tiarum, though found, Cato, R. R. 14435 
Nep. Hann. 6; and one MS., Cic. Inv. 
I, 30, 49, is best avoided as an uncouth 
and questionable expression.) 2. in- 
stans, ntis: Cic. de Or. 2, 25, ro5 (stand- 
ing between factus{ pas¢], and futnrus) : 
Nep. Them. 1 (instantia = present cir- 
cumstances, the present}. 3, hic haec, 
hoc (that among which we live, with 
which we are familiar): under p. cir- 
cumstances, his temporibus, Cic. Fam. 
13, 77: those who find fault with the p. 
state of affairs, qui haec vituperant, id. 
R. Am. 48, init.: the p. novel form of a 
novel trial, haec novi judicii nova forma, 
id. Mil. init. So hédié, at the p. day; 
with adj. hodiernus: where the city is 
at the p. day, ubi hodie est urbs, Cic. 
Rep. 2, 2: Quint.: Tac.: down to the p. 
day, ad hodiernum diem, Cic. Br. to, 39: 
Tac. Phr.: the men of the p. day, qui 
nunc sunt homines, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15: 
Vv. NOWADAYS. |]. As gram. term: 
the p. tense, praesens (tempus): Prisc. 
8, 8: M. L.: also, instans tempus: 
Charis. Il. Zn view, before the face, 
in company: praesens: Ter.: Cic. See 
also foll. art. 

, to be: 1, adsum, irr., the 
absent are p., the needy rich, absentes ad- 
sunt, et egentes abundant, Cic. Am. 9, 
23: with dat., to be p. at some ceremony, 
etc.: to be p. at a banquet, adesse con- 
vivio, Suet. Tib. 61, fin.: to be p. at the 
drawing up of a decree (as witness), 
scribendo (decreto) adesse, Cic. de Or. 3, 
2,5: see also id. Fam. 8, 8, med. 9. 
intersum, irr. (tc be p. and take part in: 
with dat.): to be p. at an engagement, 
proelio int., Caes. B. G. 7, 87. (Praesto 
esse, adesse, to be near at hand.) 

present (subs.): 1, donum: v. 
GIFT. 2, munus, éris, n.: to send a 
person p.s, mittere alicui munera, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 27, 62: Plin. Dimin. munus- 
culum (a small p.): Cic. Fam. 9, 12, 
etc. Other special terms are, stréna (a 
new year’s p.), Suet. Cal. 42: xénia, 
orum (p.s toa guest), Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 14 
(also used in wider sense, ib. 5, 14, 8, of 
friendly p.s, not in money [“ maxime 
esculenta et potulenta,” Gierig] made 
to a pleader): Vitr.: sing. not in use- 





PRESERVATIVE 





corollarium (a gratuity, douceur), Suet 
Aug. 45: Apul. See also DONATIVE. 
To make any one p.s, munerari, with 
direct acc.: Cic. Att. 7, 2, 2. 
present (v.) : |. To bring to view, 
put forward ; esp. with pron. refl.: 1, 
offéro, obtiili, oblatum, 3, irr.: you have 
p.'d yourself very opportunely, oppido 
opportune te obtulisti mihi obviam, Ter. 
Ad. 3, 2, 24: to p.an appearance, spe- 
ciem of., Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81. 9. ob- 
jicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (to put directly 
before or in the way of ): (the moon) 
p.ing her globe to (the sun's) burning 
rays, objiciens radiis ardentibus orbem, 
Lucr. 5, 154: tf such a vision have been 
p.d by the deity to a sleeper, si tale 
visum objectum est a Deo dourmienti, 
Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49: and as pass. refl., 
Virg. Aen. 2, 200 (objicitur, p.s itself). 
3, praebeo, 2 (to offer ; display): to 
p. one’s neck to the knife, cervicem p. (sc. 
securi), Petr. 97: Juv.: to p. the appear- 
ance (of something), speciem pr., Liv. 21, 
2, extr. See also TO OFFER, DISPLAY, 
4, in legal sense, sisto, stiti, statum, 
3 (to p. oneself in court: to appear): 
Cic. Quint. 6, 25: Dig. Also as pass. 
refl. : Cic. ib. 4, extr. 5, in fig. sense, 
of things which come before the mind : 
occurro, i, rsum, 3: whatever comes into 
the mind or ps itself, quodcunque in 
mentem veniat, aut quodcunque occur- 
rat, Cic. Fin. 4, 17, 47: more emphatically 
with ipse (fo p. itself unsought) : id. de 
Or. 3,49, 191 (ipsi occurrent oratione,. .. 
ipsi se offerent, speaking of musical 
feet). 6, obvénio, 4 (similar to oc- 
curro) : an oppurtunity p.s itself, occasio 
obv., Pl. As. 2. 2,15: Cic. Phr.: where 
an opportunity is p.’d, occasione data: 
Vv. OPPORTUNITY. I]. Zo introduce: 
introdtico, indiico: v, TO INTRODUCE. 
Il]. Zo give freely: 1, do, 1, 
irr.; esp. with dat. dono, muneri: v. TO 
GIVE. 9. dono, 1 (with acc. of gift; 
and dat. of person; or acc. of person 
and abl. of gift): he p.s the youth with 
@ caparisoned horse, puero equum or- 
natum donat, Liv. 27, 19, eztr.: Cic.: 
but oftener with acc. and abl.: to p.any 
one with the franchise, aliquem civitate 
d., Cic. Arch. 3, 5: Hor. 3, minéro, 
miinéror, 1 (usu. with ace. of person and 
sometimes abl. of gift): Cic. Deiot. 6, 19 
(munerare aliquem aliqua re): Sen.: 
Hor. (munerari).  [V, Ineccl. lang., to 
p.toa living: Phr.: *beneficio donare. 
presentation: |. Act of present- 
ing: donatio (bestowment): Cic. Ph. 4, 
4,9. Usu. better expr. by verb: v. TO 
PRESENT (III.). |, Zo a Living : expr. 
by verb. : 
presentiment : 1, augiirium 
( prophetic foreboding): a kind of p. of 
Juture ages, quasi a, quoddam futurorum 
saeculorum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33. 2. 
praesagitio (act of presaging; the sign 
itself being praesagium): id. Div. 1, 54, 
123 (pr. divina, used of the prompting of 
the daemunion of Socrates), ib. 1, 31, 66. 
8, poet. praesagium mentis: Ov. 
Met. 6, 510. Oftener expr. by verb: to 
have a p.: (1). praesagio, 4: Cic. Div. 
I, 31, init.: Liv. Used by Plaut. with 
subject animus, Aul. 2, 2, 1 (praesagibat 
mibi animus). (2). augiiro, -or, 1 (in 
present sense, rather act.): Virg Join: 
praesentire et augurare, Cic. fr. in Non. 
(Praesentire is to perceive beforehand, in 
whatever way.) 
presently; 1, mox:v.soon. 2, 
jam (all but now ; in a minute): T'U be 
here p., jam adero, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 27: 
Cic. Strengthened, jum, jam (this very 
instant): ct. Virg. Aen. 6,602. See also 
IMMEDIATELY. 
presentment + V. TO PRESENT. 
preservation : conservatio: Cic. : 
Quint. Oftener expr. by verb: for the 
p. of liberty, libertatis conservandae 
causi: the instinct of self-p., sui con- 
servandi cupiditas: ef. Cic, N. 1). 2, 48, 
extr.: a body in a good state of p., 
*cadaver integrum incorruptumque. 
preservative (subs.): Phr.: paint 
is a p. of wood, *pigmenta inducta effi- 
ciunt ut ne ligna putrescant s. putore 
575 


PRESERVE PRESSURE 


PRETENCE. 
















dissolvantur: it is a p. against the bite 
of a serpent, *corpora tuta praestat ad- 
versus serpentium ictus. 

preserve (.): |. To save: i 
servo, I (to save in a time of danger) : 
vy. To SAVE. More adequately expr. by 
comp. conservo, 1 (to keep in security) : 
Yo p. and increase one’s property, rem 
familiarem conservare, augere, Cic. Off 
2,24, 87 (where servare could not stand): 
to p. a tree, as an omen of victory, 
arborem >., ut omen victoriae, Suet. Aug. 
94, ad fin.: Liv. Q. tueor, 2: Vv. TO 


the enemy Jrom a position of advantage, 
(hostes) ex superiore loco p., Caes. B. G 
19. Join: [nostros] premere et in- 
stare, id. B. C. 3, 46. 3, insto, stiti, 
1 (to urge the attack on: with dat.) : to 
an enemy’s retreat, cedenti (hosti) i., 
uiv. 10, 36, init. Join: instare atque 
urgere, Cic. IV. Zo urge with per- 
sistency: insto, 13 insisto, 3: Vv. TO 
URGE. VY. To impress for service : 
Phr.: to p. sailors, *nautas vi cogere, 
comparare, B, Intrans.: [Rete 
incline by pressure : nitor, sus and xus, 


DEFEND, MAINTAIN. Join: tueri et | 3: fo p. inwards (of the globe), 10 in- 
conservare, Cic. Man. 5, 12. Phr.: to | teriora n., Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 165. Also 


in sim. sense, vergere [in centrum J, ferri 
[in inferiora], ib. See also TO INCLINE. 
II. Zo be urgent : flagito, I : 
postman p.’s, sed fi, tabellarius, 
Fam. 15, 18, extr. See also TO PRESS 
UPON ; URGE. 
press together : comprimo, 3: Luer. 


p. the allies im safety, sucios salvos 
praestare, ib. 18, 55: fo p. (hold, retain) 
life and reputation, vitam et famam ob- 
tinere, id, R. Am. 17, fim.: to p. (keep 
hold of ) one’s friends by treating them 
with respect, amicos observantia retinere, 
fd. Quint. 18, fim. : SO, amicos retinere 


servareque, Hor. S. 1, ©, 89: Il. To | 6, 454 (inter se compressa, SC. corpora) : 
conserve: condio, 4: to p. olives, oleas | Cic. 

c., Cato R. R. 114, $9q-: Col. Mode of —— upon, on: 1, insto, 1 (both 
p.ing, conditura : Col, 12, 47, 399-2 Jit with dat. and absol.): to p. on one’s 


fortune, i. fortunae, Tac. Agr. 18, med. : 
p.on! finish the work, urge, insta, per- 
fice, Cic. Att. 13, 32. Q. iusisto, stiti, 
3 (with dat.): to p. om the worl of 
slaughter, imsistere caedibus, Tac. A. 
Dy 2Ke 

press (subs.): |, Act of pressing, 
in fig. sense: V. PRESSURE. ||. 4 ma- 
chine : J, prelum (most gen. term) : 
for wine or oil, Cato: Col.: Virg. Esp. 


for p.ing, conditivus : Col. 1, 59, tit. (c. 
mala). 

preserve (subs.) : expr. by conditi- 
cius: v. foll. art. 

preserved (part. adj.) : conditicius < 
p. food, c. cibaria, Col. 8, 8. Also con- 
ditivus in same sense: id. 7, 9, med. (in 
both cases, of the food of cattle.) 

preserver : servator, conservator, 
Cic. : cf. To PRESERVE (L.) 


preserving (subs.) : of fruit, ete.: in mod. Latin, the printing-press: to send 
1, conditio: Cic. Div. 1, 51, 116: (a work) to the p., prelo subjicere, Rubnk. 
Varr. 9. conditus, ts: fo gather \ (Kr.): to be in the p., sub prelo esse, Kr.: 


to issue from the p., prelo exire: see 
also TO PRINT, PUBLISH. 9. torcilar, 
aris, n. (for making wine or oil): Plin. 
18, 26, 62: Vitr.: Col. Also, torcularium, 
Cato. 3. pressorium (late and rare) : 
Amm. Phr.: an error of the p, 
*mendum s. erratum typographicum ; vi- 
tium typographicum (a stronger @XpT.) 5 
also *sphalma preli: @ book full of errors 
of the p., *liber mendosissimus, mendis 
typographicis creberrimus. Meton.: 
a free p., *jus omnia, quaecunque scri- 
Ep. 2, 11, 10. Phr.: to p.at the comitia | buntur, in publicum edendi ; libertas 
(elections), comitia habere, Cic.: Liv.: | scripta omnia in publicum edendi, s. pub- 
y. TO HOLD (X1.). | licandi: in that country the p. is under 
presidency : |. Function of pre- | control, *nemini illic scripta publicare 
giding: expr. by verb: v. TO PRESIDE, | licet nisi potestate per litteras data. 
1.4 governmend under a president : | press-gang: ©XPT- by (nautas) vi 


olives for p., olivas conditui legere, Col. 
2, 22, med 3. condittra (mode of 
p.): Col. 12, 47, s4q- 

preside; 1. praesum, érr. (gen. 
term, to be at the head of have the super- 
intendence of anything: with dat.): v- 
neaD (VII.). 9, praesideo, sedi, 2 
(esp. suited to denote a judicial position : 
with dat. or absol.): to p. over a. iffairs in 
the city, pr. rebus urbanis, Caes. B. C. 1, 
85: Suet. Absol.: the emperor p.d (at 
the trial), princeps praesidebat, Plin. 





praefectura: V. GOVERNMENT. | cogere. 
president : |. Person presiding : pressing (subs.) : pressura: @ single 


praefectus, with gen. or dat.: V. SUPER- 
INTENDENT. Often better expr. by prae- | 74 § 317: Col. See also PRESSURE. 
sideo, praesum: V. TO PRESIDE. I. pressing (adj.): v- URGENT. Phr.: 
Governor : 1, praeses, idis: Suet. | to give any one a very Pp. invitation, 
Aug. 23 (gen. term, including all pro- *effusissime aliquem invitare: as I de- 
vincial governors) : Dig. Q. praefectus : clined, he became still more p-, *neganti 
y. GOVERNOR. mihi tanto magis instare coepit : to be 
presidential: Phr-:: the p. elections, | p. im one’s demands, flagitare: v. TO IM- 
perh. *comitia maxima, comitia imperli: | PORTUNE- 
i pressingly : perh. impense, efftise 


or by circuml., *comitia quibus reipub- 
licae praeses creatur. (with demonstration of feeling): Y- 
preced. art. 


presignify: v- PREINTIMATE. 
press Vv.) 2 A, Trans.: I. pressman : torcilarius (strictly, in 
To apply physical pressure : prémo, ssi, | oil or wine works): Col. 12, 50, iit. 
ssum, 3: they pd their babes to their |. Pressing, loading : 
breasts, pressere ad pectora natos, Virg. | pressio (rare), and in oblique cases, 
Aen. 7,518. Esp. comps. (1). comprimo, | pressus, is: to move the end of a lever 
3 (to press together ; compress): Cic. N. | by p. downwards, caput vectis pressione 
D. 2, 47, 145: Hor. To p. any one’s | in imum (movere), Vitr. 10, 3 (8), 3: to 
hand, *manum (dextram) alicujus pre- | thrust off all p. of weights, omnem Pp. 
hensam comprimere. (2). imprimo, 3 | ponderum depellere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54. 
(to p. upon): to p.a cupping-glass upon Rarely pressura in precisely this sense : 
the body, cucurbitulam (corpori) imp., Apul.: Vv. PRESSING (subs.). Phr.: to 
condense cheese by p., caseum ponderibus 


Cels. 2, 11: more usu.= TO IMPRINT, 

q.v. (3). exprimo, 3 (fo p. out): Cic.: | condensare, Col. 7, 8, med.: @ still. more 
Plin. (4). deprimo, 3 (to p. down or powerful p. 18 applied, (caseus) vehe- 
deep): Lucr.: Virg. See also TO CRUSH ; | mentius premitur, ib.: the lower air is 


| p. (of the grapes), una P-, Plin. 18, 31, 


pressure : 








SQUEEZE. |]. Zo make cheese, oil, | condensed by the p. of that which %s 
by pressing: prémo, 3: to p. cheese, above,*densior fit aer infra,illius qui supra 
caseum p., Virg. EB. 1, 35: to p. oil, | est aéris pondere pressus. i. Fig. 
oleum p., Col. 12, 50. The act of p.ing, | of trying circumstances: Phr.: under 
pressura, ib. 36. Ill. Zo urge forcibly, the (increasin g) p- of age, ingravescente 


in war: 1, urgeo, si, 2 (fo bear hard 
upon) : to be (hard) p.d by the enemy, 
ab hoste urgeri, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: Liv. 
10, 36, med.: Sall. Fig.: top. any one 


aetate, cf. Cic. Sen. 2, 6: to feel the p. of 
Joreign or civil war, externis, domesticis 
hostibus laborare, id. Br. 1, 10, init.: on 
account of the p. of debt, propter magni- 
with questions, u. aliquem interrogando, | tudinem aeris alieni, Sall. Cat. 33: suf- 
Cic. Or 40, 137. Q. prémo, 3 (esp. to | fering (severely) from the p. of debt, 
direct ha movements against) : to p. | oppressus aere alieno, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, ext7. : 
5° 











under p. of circumstances, inopia co- 
actus, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 45: cf. hac neces- 
sitate coactus, Nep. Them, 8: suffering 
under the p. of many evils and difficul- 
ties, multis incommodis difficultati- 
pusque affectus, Cie. Div. Verr. 3, 8. 
UI. Variety and urgency of busi- 
ness: Phr.: such is the p. of (my) 
business, ita officio distringor, cf. Plin. 
Ep. I, 10, 9, ef. Phaedr. 4, 26, 3, distringit 
quem multarum rerum varietas. 
prestige (Fr.): expr. by fama, opinio, 
rumor, etc.: by the mere p. of his name, 
ipso nomine ac rumore, Cic. Man. 15, 
extr.: the p. of this victory secured for 
Antigonus peace, Antigono pacem bhujus 
victoriae opinio [fama, existimatio «x 
victoria parta, Gron. ] praestitit, Just. 25, 
2, med.: cf. opinione famae....com- 
moveri, Cic. Man. 14, 43 (to be carried 
away by the mere p. of @ name): see 
the whole paragraph. 
prestigiation: v. JUGGLING. 
presume: |. To suppose or tale 


for true: praesimo, 3 (rare in this sense) : 


Papin. Dig. 12, 6, 3- See also TO As- 
SUME. ||. To take too much on one- 
self : expr. by siimo, arrogo: I do not p. 
so far as to suppose..., mihi non sumo 
tantum neque arrogo, ut..., Cic, Plan. 
1, 3: they would not presume to judge 
otherwise than,.., neque sibi judicium 
sumpturos contra atque..., Caes. B. C. 
3, 12. Sometimes audeo may serve: 
when slaves p. so far, ausint quum talia 
fures, Virg. E. 3, 17 (Vv. TO VENTURE): 
or when reliance on something is spoken 
of, confido, usu. with abl.: ping upon 
his connexion with Pompey, confisus 
affinitate Pompeii, Caes. B. Cs 37 83h. 
TO RELY). 


ous. 
_presumption : |. Pre-suppost- 
tion: ], praesumptio (rare in this 
sense): to believe on a slight p., levi p. 
credere, Papin. Dig. 41, 3, 44.94: i 
perh. conjectura ( probable inference) : 
V. CONJECTURE. Phr.: there is a p. im 
favour of the accused, *ei potius videtur 
esse credendum qui reus factus est: 
praeoccupantur quodam modo animi ab 
eo qui reus factus est: v.TO PREPOSSESS. 
||. Preswmptuousness : 1, arro- 
gantia (strictly, as-sumption) : Cic. See 
also ARROGANCE. 9, fiducia (assur- 
ance; in good or bad sense) : Cic. : Liv. 
3, spiritus, as (haughtiness, over- 
weeningness: oft. plur.): Join: fiducia 
ac spiritus, Caes. B. C. 3, 723 tantos 
spititus, tantam arrogantiam {sibi su- 
etc id. B. G. 1, 33. 4, contimacia 
(insolence): Join: contumacia, arro- 
gantia, Cic. R. Com. 15, 445 © ac su- 
perbia, id. Verr. 3, 2, fin. 
presumptive: Phr.: there is p. 
evidence of guilt, *indicia exstant ex 
quibus sceleris conjecturam capere pos- 
simus ; see PRESUMPTION (I.). 
presumptively: perh. ex conjec- 
tura; praesumptione aliqua: Vv. PRE- 
SUMPTION. 
presumptuous : 1, contamax 
(insolent, unyielding): p- and ill-ad- 
vised language, voces ©. et inconsultae, 
Tac. A. 4,60. Join: contumax, arro- 
gans, securus, Quint. 6, I, 14. ms 
arrégans (taking too much on oneself, 
assuming) : Cic.: Caes.: V- ARROGANT. 
3, audax, témérarius: Vv. RASH, 
RECKLEss. (Non sum tam temerarius 
nec audax, Mart. 4, 43, 2.) Or by 
circuml.: that would be p. on my purt, 
*hoc esset nimium mihi sumere atque 
arrogare: a p. confidence, nimia sut 
(rerum suarum) fiducia, cf. Nep. Pel. 
3, init. : V. PRESUMPTION. 
presumptuously : conttimaciter : 
ex nimia fiducia: Vv. PRESUMPTUOUS. 
presumptuousness : V- PRESUMP- 
TION. 
presuppose : praesimo, Sumo: V. 
TO PRESUME (I.). Praesumptum habeo : 
Tac. A. 14, 64. 
pretence: 1. similatio (act of 
pretending ; feigning, hypocrisy) : usu. 
foll. by gen., as Ss. virtutis, sapientiae, 
insaniae: pass. Also absol.: ¢o do away 








4 
¥] 
a 
. 

; 





PRETEND 





with p. from the whole of life, 8. ex 
omni vita tollere, Cic. Off. 3, 15, imit. 
Join: simulatio et fallacia, id. de Or. 
2, 46, 191. (N.B.—The counterpart to 


simulatio, pretence of what is not, is dis- | 


simulatio, concealment of what is.) Pon 
spécies, éi (that which d¢ assumed or 
made pretence of): v. PRETEXT 5 OSTEN- 
BIBLY. 3, by meton. liicus (lit. colour- 
tng matter): esp. in negative phr., 
without any p., sine fuco, Hor. S. 1, 2, 
83; sine fuco et fallaciis, Cic, Att. 1,1, 
init. Phr.: under false p.s, dolo malo 
(legal term): v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
dolus. 


pretend: simiilo, 1 (to p. what is 
not): foll. by simple acc., acc. and inf., 
and sometimes absol.: v. TO FEIGN (2). 
Comp. dissimulo, 1 (to hide what is by 
pretending): v. TO FEIGN (4). Alsou as- 
simulo (= simulo, but less freq.): ib. 

pretended: fictus, simiilatus, fi- 
catus: v. FALSE (11.). 

pretendedly: expr. by spécies: v. 
OSTENSIBLY. 

pretender : |. In gen. sense: 
simulator: Sall. See also impostor. 

I]. One who claims the throne: *qui 

regnum affectat. (Affectator imperii 
populus, Flor. 2, 7, init., a people pre- 
tending to [universal] empire.) 

pretension : |. Claim: perh. 
postiilatio, postilatum: v. CLAIM, DE- 
MAND. To make p.s to the throne, regnum 
affectare, Liv. 1, 46: I make no p.s to 
such honour, haud equidem tali me 
dignor honore, Virg. Aen. 1, 335: J make 
no ps to bea poet, *haudquaquam mihi 
laudem poeticam sumo, arrogo: to make 
some p.s lo be an orator, *aliqua dicendi 
laude florere. |], Display: ostentatio, 
ambitio: v. OSTENTATION. 

pretermisgion: praetermissio: v. 
OMISSION. 

preternatural: expr. by praeter 
Daturam, etc.: v. foll. art. 

preternaturally : perh. praeter na- 
turam: Cic. Ph. 1, 4, 10 (where however 
the sense differs from Eng.). Sometimes 
praeter modum: the Alban luke had 
risen p., lacus Albanus p. modum cre- 
verat, Cic. Div. 1, 44, 100. Phr.: he 
was p. tall,erat in eo enormis proceritas, 
Suet. Vit. 17: sight p. acute, *oculorum 
acies acerrima. 

pretext: 1, spécies, Gi: wnder p. 
of..., specie, per speciem, foll. by gen. : 
V. OSTENSIBLY. 2. praetextum, i; 
praetextus, ts (not in the best authors) : 
a p. for civil war (opp. real cause, 
causa), praetextum civilium armorum, 
Suet. Caes. 30: wnder p., praetexto (foll. 
by gen.), Tac. H. 2, 1003; ad p., Suet. 
Aug. 12: also, sub praetextu, Petr. 97; 
hoc praetextu, Just. 8, obtentus, us 
(also late): to assume anything as a p. 
(vetl for a real design), aliquid obtentui 
sumere, Tac. A. 1, 10, init.: Just. 4. 
latebra (subterfuge): to seek a p. for 
perjury, |. quaerere perjurio, Cic. Off: 3, 
29,106. Phr.: under p. of an agrarian 
law, legis agrariae simulatione atque 
nomine, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15: to allege any- 
thing as a p., praetexere aliquid, id. in 
Pis. 24, 56: T'ac.: also, obtendere, Tac. 
A. 3,17: to assign a false p. for a war, 
falsum titulum bello praetendere, cf. 
Liv. 37, 54, med. (but titulus alone, 
simply = ground alleged, without notion 
of falseness). 

prettily: belle (nicely), vénusté 
(charmingly), concinne (neatly put to- 
gether): Cic. P. dressed, lepide, con- 
cinne vestita, Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 40. 

prettiness: perh. concinnitas (of 
what is neatly and nicely put together) : 
p.ts not a masculine adornment, non est 
virile ornamentum c¢., Sen. Ep. 112, 3: 
Cic. 

pretty (adj.): 1, pulcer, cra, crum 
(-cher -chra -chrum: usually denoting a 
higher quality than the Eng.): a p. girl, 
p. virgo, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 54: what sight 
could be prettier ? quid potest esse 
aspectu pulchrius? Cic. de Sen. 15, 53. 
Dimin. pulchellus (rare): Cic. Fam. 7, 
23 (pulchellae sunt, sc. statuae, they are 
very p.). 2. perh. bellus (which 








PREVENT 


PRICK 








however does not refer exclusively to | dolore prohibeor ... pronuntiare: Cic.. 
looks): vessels of ap. shape, vasa figura | 


bella, Varr. L. L. 8, 16, 31. (But bella 
puella, is a nice, amiable girl: Cic. Att. 
6, 4, extr.: Pl.) 3. lépidus (pleasant, 
graceful, and charming): a p. lady-like 
Jigure, forma 1. et liberalis, Pl. Epid. 1, 
I, 41: a very p. little fellow, homuncio 
lepidissimus, Aug. in Suet. Vit. Hor. 4, 
vénustus: Vv LOVELY,CHARMING. Phr.: 
@ (rather) p. young woman, adolescen- 
tula forma bona, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, gr. 
pretty (auj.): médlocriter (pretty 
)): ¥. MODERATELY. A p. good num- 
ber, complures: a p. considerable quan- 
ae aliquantum, aliquantulum : v. GooD 
(ILL). 
prevail: |. To prove the stronger: 
1, vinco, vici, ctum (trans.), 3: the 
stronger party p.’d over the better one, 
major pars meliorem vicit, Liv. 21, 4, 
init.: also absol., that party p.’d, vicit 
pars illa, Sall. Jug. 16. 2. praevileo, 
ui, 2 (not in Cic.): to p. by virtue of 
authority, auctoritate p., Suet. Gal. 19: 
which consideration should p., utrum 
praevaleat, Tac. A. 1, 58: occasionally 
with abl. (like a compar. degree): destiny 
sti over counsel, praevalebant fata consi- 
iis, Vell. 2, 118. |]. Yo be in force, 
have currency : ], téneo, ui, ntum, 2: 
the custom has p.’d, tenuit consuetudo, 
ut. ., Quint. 2, init.: Liv. Also comp. 
obtineo, 2: the report has p.’d, fama 
obtinuit, Liv. 21, 46, eztr. 2. prae- 
valeo, 2 (late and rare): im all Asia this 
custom p.s, tota Asia hic mos p., Plin. 
17, 22, 35 § 181. Freq. expr. by esse: 
he said the custom did not p. among the 
Greeks, negavit moris esse Graecorum, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, 66: v. custom. 10 
begin to p., p. more and more: (1). in- 
crebresco, brui (-besco, -bui) : this custom 
which has begun to p., haec consuetudo 
quae increbruit, Cic. Ph. 14, 5,¢nit.: Pl. 
(N.B.—The perf. tenses may often be 
rendered simply by to prevail: cf. ex- 
ample given, und id. Verr. 2, 3, 7, haec 
quae nune increbruit disciplina, which 
now p.s.) So percrebresco (esp. of re- 
ports): Cic.: Caes. (2). invalesco, ui, 2 
(to yain ground): the practice p.s more 
and more, consuetudo magis i., Quint. 2, 
1, init. See also TO SPREAD. (3). invé- 
térasco, avi, 3 (to become rooted): Caes. 
B. G. 5, 41. Il. To prevail upon, i.e. 
induce : 1, addiico, indiico (the latter 
esp. with ref. to something bad or 
wrong): V¥. TO INDUCE. 2. exodro, 1 
(by entreaties): let me p. upon you, sine 
te exorem, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 6: foll. by 
ut and subj., Cic. R. Com. 16, 46. 3. 
expr. by impetro, 1 (¢o0 obtain by ask- 
ing): hep.s upon the Sequani to allow 
.., lmmpetrat a Sequanis ut patiantur..., 
Caes. B.G. 1,9: how far you may allow 
yourself to be p.’d on, quid patiare a te 
impetrari, Cic. Am. 20, 76. 
prevalent ) 1, vulgatus (common, 
Breve ey generally known) : the 
more p. story, vulgatior fama, Liv. 1, 7: 
Strengthened, pervulgatus: v. COMMON. 
2. constans, ntis (uniform): an 
old and p. belief, vetus et constans 
opinio, Suet. Vesp. 4. To become preva- 
lent, increbrescere, invalescere, ete.: v. 
TO PREVAIL. Phr.: the custom becomes 
p., consuetudo inveterascit, Caes. B. G. 
5, 41. 
prevailingly : fére, fermé: v. GeNr- 
RALLY. 
prevaricate: tergiversor, 1: Cic.: 
V. TO SHUFFLE. (Praevaricari, /o practise 
collusion as an advocate.) Or by cir- 
cuml., mentiri ac secum repuguantia 
affirmare. 
prevarication : v. TO PREVARICATE, 
(Prevaricatio, collusion.) 
prevaricator: Y. TO PREVARICATR. 
prevent: 1, prdhibeo, 2: foll. by 
direct acc., also by subj. with ne, quo- 
minus or ace. and infin.: may the gods 
p. the evils, dii mala probibeant, ler. Hee. 
2,1, 10: to p.a thing being done, p. ne 
quid fiat, Cic. Div. Verr. 10, fin.: J sup- 
pose winter has p.’d..., credo biemem 
prohibuisse quominus..., id. Fam. 12, §: | 





Liv. Ina negative sentence, use quin: 
see L. G. § 461. 2, obsto, impédio 
(to stand in the way; as hindrances or 
obstacles: while prohibeo is actually So 
prevent): V. TO HINDER. 
prevention: expr. by verb: v. To 
PREVENT. Phr.; p. is better than cure, 
*tutius prohibentur mala quam cn- 
Tantur; satius est providere ne qrid 
mali accidat quam ipsum malum fquum 
semel acciderit) oppugnare. 
preventive: expr. by verb: v. Te 
PREVENT. To adopt all possible p. mea- 
sures, *omnia providere atque curare. 
previous: proximus, antécédens, 
etc.: Vv. PRECEDING. 
previously : antea, antehac: v. Be- 
FORE. Previously to..., (often) prius 
-..quam, ante...quam (or as single 
words): v. L. G. § 501. 
prevision : providentia, Cic. Inv. 2, 
53, 160. 
rey (swbs.): praeda: deer, the p. of 
wolves, cervi, luporum p., Hor. Od. 4, 4, 
50: Phaedr. (Raptum, only of human 
beings: v. PLUNDER.) <A beast of p., 
(bestia, animal) rapax, Plin. 11, 45, 101, 
where the adj. is used in pl., absol: 
later, bestia praedatrix: Amm. (N.B.— 
Usu. fera will be sufficiently precise: vy. 
WILD Beast.) Phr.: the p. of anzious 
thoughts, *quem vexant sollicitudines, 
sollicitae curae: Vv. TO DISQUIET, HA- 
RASS, 
prey (v.): |, Lit.: praedor, 1: 
Virg. G. 1, 130. The cat p.s upon mice 
and birds, *feles muribus et avibus in- 
festissimus ; feles mures et aves infestis- 
sime insectatur; felium esca mures 
avesque minutiores. Ul. Fig.: it 
édo, edi, ésum, 3 (esp. poet.): if aught 
p.s upon the mind,si quid est animum, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 39: Virg. Strengthened, 
perédo, 3: Virg. Aen. 6, 442. 2. less 
strong, sollicito, vexo, etc.: Vv. TO HARASS. 
The pass. may be expr. by tabesco, ui, 
3 (lo pine auay, be the victim of some 
feeling): to be p.’d upon by vezation, 
molestiis tabescere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37: 
Vv. TO PINE. 
preying (adj.): Fig.: édax: Hor 
Od. 2, 11, 18 (e. curae). In same sense, 
mordax (gnawing), ib. 1, 18, 4 (m. solli- 
citudines). 
priapism: priapismus: Apul. Herb. 
price (subs.): 1, prétium: (to buy) 
at a low, high p., parvo, maguo p., Caes. 
B. G. 1, 18: Cic.: to agree on a p. for 
one’s head, p. pacisci pro capite, Cic. Off. 
3, 29, 107: to fiz ap. (as a dealer does), 
p. constituere, id, Att. 12, 33: ps are 
fallen, jacent p., id. R. Com. 12, init. 
2. when price is indicated inde- 
finitely, in such pbrr. as, at a high, 
low p., etc.: use, magni, parvi, tanti, 
etc.: (to sell a female slave) at cost p., 
(tanti) quanti empta est, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 
41; more precisely, tantidem (/or just 
so much), ib. 2, 1, 46: at what p. does 
Chrysogonus give lessons ? quanti C 
docet? Juv. 7, 176: so, at a higher or 
lower p., majoris, pluris: L. G. § 28%. 
(N.B.—The forms magno, parvo, maxi- 
mo, plurimo, arealsocommon.) 3, price 
of corn, annona (market-price) : the p. of 
corn had risen to..., ad...annona per- 
venerat, Caes. B.C. 1, 52: to raise the p. 
of corn, incendere s. excandefacere an- 
nonam, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, ad jin.: also, a. 
flagellare (artificially, by buying up the 
supply), Plin. 33, extr. Also used of 
other commodities ef which there is a 
regular sale: Juv. 9, 100 (veneni a.): 
Plin. Lc. Phr.: to be had fora p. 
venalis, Sall. Jug. 35, extr.: beyond all 
(estimate of) p., super omnem taxa- 
tionem, Plin. 7, 12, <6. See also VALUE: 
price (v.): Phr.: pretium constitu- 
ere, Cic. Att. 12, 33: also, taxare (not 
in Cic.), Plin. 31, 5, 27 (of the market 
price of a commodity; whereas the for- 
mer phr. refers to a particular case). 
price-current; * index rerum vena- 
lium et pretiorum, 
priceless: Vv. INVALUABLE. 
prick (subs.): |. Puncture: J], 


for the use of injin., cf. Caes. B. G. 7. 38, | punctum: Veg. Mil. 1, 12 (stab). Dimin, 


2P 


>) 


PRICK 


PRINCELY 


PRINT 





punctulum (a small or slight p.), Apul. 

2. punctus, is: Apul. (Usu. bet- 
ter exp'. by pungo: a wound like the 
p. of a pin, vulnus quod acu punctum 
videretur, Cic. Mil. 24,65.) Punctiones, 
pricking pains: Cels.: Plin. il. 


A sharp point: Vv. PRICKLE. See also 
GOAD, SPIKE. rine 
prick (v.): _ 1, pungo, pipigi, 


unctum, 3: Cic. Mil. 24, 65 (acu p.): 
etr. Comp. compungo, nxi, nctum, 3 
(rare): Cels. 6, 18, g (acu c.), 24 
stimilo, 1 (vith a goad or spur): v. TO 
SPUR, GOAD. Comp. exstimulo, Plin. 
(For fig. sense, v. TO STING.) 
prick up: Phr.: to p. up the ears, 
aures arrigere (of attention), Ter. Andr. 
5, 4, 30: Pl.: Virg.: also, erigere 
{mentes auresque], Cic. Sull. 11, 33. 
(The latter is a more dignified mode of 
speech.) Poet.: the up-p.’d ears of the 
Satyrs, aures Satyrorum acutae, Hor. 
Od. 2, 19, 4. See also TO AROUSE. 
pricking (adj.): Phr.: p. pains, 
punctiones, Cels. 8, 9, jim.: to be at- 
tended with a p. sensation, punctionem 
afferre, Plin. 34, 15, 44. 
prickle: aciileus (anything that 
pricks or stings): Plin. 20, 23, 99 (a. 
carduorum). See also THORN. 
prickly: 1, spinosus: Plin. 20, 
33,94: Ov. 2. spinifer (poet.): Pall. 
de insit. 81: Cic. poet. (dub.). 3. 
spiniger (poet.): Prud.: Cic. poet. (dub.). 
pride (subs.): |. Haughtiness : 
1. stperbia, (lofty, domineering 
Spirit): Cic. (who joins it with in- 
solentia, arrogantia, inhumanitas, etc.: 
Vv. HAUGHTINESS). Hor. Q, fastidium; 
fastus, is (s‘ornful pride): v. DISDAIN. 
3. Spiritus, us (perb. the best word, 
when an honourable and not overbearing 
p. is meant): self-confidence and p., 
fiducia ac s., Caes. B OC. 3,72: your p. 
ts fallen, cecidit s. ille tuus, Prop. 2, 3, 
2: Cic. Il. That of which one is 
proud: décus, Gris, n.: Hor. Od. 3, 16, 
20 (decus equitum Muecenas): Ov. 
also ORNAMENT. 
pride oneself: 1. jacto, 1 (freq. 
but not always referring to what a per- 
son says of himself : toll. by acc. of that 
which ; or with pron. refl. and prep.): 
Domitius p.ing himself on his popu- 
larity in the city, quum D. urbanam 
gtatiam jactaret, Caes. B. C. 3, 83: Hor. 
Vv. TO BOAST. Q. efféro, 3, irr. (with 
‘on. refl.—to be elated, carry one’s 
ad high): v. TO ELATE. 8. si- 
perbio, 4 (to be proud of; foll. by abl. 
alone: in Cic. only absol., to be haughty) : 
to p. oneself in the name of an ancestor, 
nomine avi s., Ov. M. 11,218: Plin. See 
also TO BOAST. 
priest; sacerdos, Otis, c.: Cic.: Liv. 
Other terms of more limited application 
are flamen, inis, m. (a special p., of cer- 
tain deities only), Cic.: Liv.: antistes, 
itis, c. (a presiding p., chief p.), Nep. 
Lys. 3 (a. Jovis): Juv.: sacrificiilus (an 
officiating p.), Liv. 25, 1, med. (where 
the term appears to be used contemptu- 
ously). 
priest-craft: *sacrificulorum (sac- 
erdotum) artes, fallaciae. 
priestess: 1, sacerdos, Otis, c.: 
Grecian p.s, Graecae p., Cic. Bal. 24, 55: 
Virg. 9. antistes, itis, c.: and an- 
tistita, ae, f. (chief p.): joined with 
sacerdotes, Cic. Verr. 4, 45, 99 (s. antisti- 
tae): also absol., Liv. 1, 20 (antistites 
templi): Val. Max. 
priesthood: |. The office: sacer- 
dotium: holding the office of the p., 
sacerdotio praeditus, Cic. Sen. 19, fin. 
|. Zhe priests, collectively: sacer- 
dotes; sacerdotum collegia. (Not sa- 
cerdotium in this sense.) 
priestly ; sacerdotalix, e (late): the 
P. games (given by priests), s. ludi, Plin. 
Ep. 7, 24,6: Macr. The p. office, sacer- 
dotium: to dispute concerning p. offices, 
de s. contendere, Caes. B. C. 3, 82. 
priest-ridden : *sacerdotum auctor- 
itati deditissimus. 
prig: *putida quadam_ severitatis 
dignitatisque ostentatione adolescens. 
priggish: cf. preced. art. 
$18 


lar): cf. Suet. Caes. 45. Cf. PRIMNESS. 

primacy: primatia, ae: Du C. 

primal; perh. primigénius, princi- 
palis: v.ORIGINAL. Orexpr. by primus: 
V. FIRST. 

primarily ; initio, principio: v. ORI- 
GINALLY. 

primary: |. First in time: prin- 
cipalis: the p. meaning (of a word), 
naturalis et p. significatio, Quint. 9, I, 
4: Gell. See also PRIMITIVE. ll. 
Chief: praecipuus : V. CHIEF, PRINCIPAL. 
Phr.: to deem a thing of p. importance, 
antiquissimum aliquid habere, Cic. Q. 
Hireii25 Wl. Fundamental: Phr.: 
the p. impulses of our nature, *principia 
illa hominnm naturae cupiditatumque, 
cf. Cic. Off. 3, 12, 52: p. colours, *primi 
qui dicuntur colores. 

primate: *primas, atis: Du C. 

prime (subs.) : |. Dawn: mane, 
matitinum tempus: v. MORNING. I. 
The spring of life, time of fullest 
strength : 1, expr. by vigeo, ui, 2 
(to be in full vigour): our life ts in its 
Pz» V. aetas, Sall. Cat. 20: cf. Cic. Att. 4, 
3, fin., animo vigere (to be in full vigour 
of mind). 2. by floreo, ui, 2 (to be 
in the youthful bloom or heyday of life): 
Virg. E. 7, 4 (ambo florentes aetatibus) : 
so, florens aetas (youth), Cic. Sen. 4, jin. 
Phr.: in the very p. of life, integerrima 
aetate, Cic. Coel. 24, 59: p. of life, is 
also expr. by bona aetas, id. Sen. 14, 
48; and, with somewhat diff. sense, 
confirmata aetas (maturity), id. Fam. £0, 
3. Ill. The best of anything: flos, 
robur: v. FLOWER (II.). 

prime (adj.): egrégius, optimus, etc. 

prime-minister: *is cui summa 
rerum a rege commissa est. 

primer : perh. elementa prima: see 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 26. To be learning the p., 
initia litterarum discere, ct. Quint. 1, 1, 
1g. Or perh. (more precisely) libellus 
elementarius, cf. Sen. Ep. 36, 4 (elemen- 
tarius senex, i. e. who is still learning 
his letters or p.). See also GRAMMAR. 

primeval: perh. primigénius: v. 
ORIGINAL. Phr.: the p. forest, *silva 
omni hominum memoria vetustior : man 
p., *homo ille primus omnium natus; 
genus illud hominum primigeniorum. 

primitive: _ 1, principalis, e: p 
signification (of a word), principalis 
significatio, Quint. 9, 1,4: Gell. Phr.: 
the p. constitution of the state, prisca illa 
et antiqua reipublicae forma, Vell. 2, 
89: the p. costume of the country, *ves- 
titus qualis tuit eorum hominum qui 
initio regionem incolebant. See also 
ANCIENT. 2. primigénius: Varr.: v. 
ORIGINAL (adj.). 3. primitivus (rare 
in this sense): p. words, primitiva verba, 
Prisc. 8, 14, iit. (opp. derivativa): called, 
verba primigenia, Varr. L. L. 65, 36. 

primness: *nimis anxia (circa vest- 
itum, gestum, etc.) morositas ; *affectata 
quaciam diligentia ac cura: cf. NICETY 
dL.). 

primogeniture: jus (jura) primi 
geniti: Vv. FIKST-BoRN. Less definitely, 
aetatis privilegium, Just. 2, ro, init. 

primordial: primus, primitivus: 
V. ORIGINAL, PRIMITIVE. The p. germs 
of nature, rerum primordia, Lucr. 1, 56. 
(Primordialis, v. late and rare.) 

primrose: *primiila vulgaris (Linn.). 

prince: |. Sovereign ; esp. of a 
small kingdom : 1, rex, régis: v. 
KING. Dimin. régiilus (petty p., chief): 
Liv. 37, 25, med. 2. princeps: v. 
SOVEREIGN. (The common title of em- 
perors of Rome.) ||. King’s son: 
régulus: Sall. Jug. 11 (unless the word 
be there used in sense I.): cf. Liv. 42, 
24, extr. Usu. better, régis filius: or in 
pl. regii pueri, liberi (R. and A.); re- 
gales, Amm. 16, 12, med. 

princely: 1, régalis, e (befitting 
aking): a p. sentiment, r. sententia, 
Cic. Off. 1, 13, init. : p. attire, r. cultus, 
Hor. Od. 4, 9, 15. 2. régius (usu. of 
that which actually belongs to a king: 
in present sense poet.) : p. piles, r. moles, 
Hor. Od. 2, 15, tnit.: Ov. (Principalis 
= relating to the emperors.) 


prim: perh. morosior (over particu- 


Force; beginning: 


princess: |. Ruler: regina: v. 
QUEEN. Il. King’s daughter: regis 
filia ; regia puella. 

principal (adj.): 1, praecipuus 
(standing out frum the rest, especial: 
most important): I shall note (only) the 
p. figures, ex quibus (modis) praecipuos 
attingemus, Quint. 8, 3, exztr.: the p. 
remedies for calculus in man, pr. calculo 
humano remedia, Plin. 11, 48, 109. ie 
maximus (of greatest moment): what ts 
the p. thing, quod m. est [parenthetical], 
Cic. Fam. 13,50: the p. charyes brought 
against him were, * maxima ei objecta 
crimina sunt, quod...: sv, summus: vy. 
CHIEF. 3. principalis, e (of primary 
importance : not in best authors): after 
these two p. points, post huec duo p., 
Col. 1, 3, init. 4, pdtissimus (in Cic. 
= preferable to all others, luv. 1, 12, 1], 
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit) : 
t/ this were my p or only work, si hoc 
opusculum nostru:n aut potissimum esset 
aut solum, Plin. Kp. 4, 14, fin. Pbhr.. 
the p. thing, caput: the p. dish, caput 
coenae, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98: the p. ele- 
ment of happiness, c.ad beate vivendum, 
id. Am. 13, 45. 


principal (subs.): |, Head person: 
magister: v. MASTER. See also HEALD 
(VIL). Il. Aoney at interest: My 


sors, rtis, f.: to run the risk of losing 
the p., de sorte venire in dubium, Ter. Ad. 
2,2, 35: topay the p. many times over (in 
interest), multiplicem s, exsolvere, Liv. 
6, 14, med.: Cic. 2. caput, itis, n.: 
to deduct the interest from the p., de c. 
quod usuris pernumeratum esset dedu- 
cere, Liv. 6, 35, med.: Hor. Phr.: to 
deduct from the p. (capital), de vivo 
detrahere, Cic. Fl. 37, 913 resecare, id. 
Verr. 3, 50, 118 (the principal or capital 
is said to be Living because of its power 
of increase). (N.B.—No authority for 
vivum caput.) 

principality: perh. principatus, us 
(Sovereign power). 

principally : |. In the highest 
degree: maximé, praecipué, etc.: v. 
PARTICULARLY, ESPECIALLY. [|. In 
the main, for the most part: Phr.: 
they live p. on milk and cattle, maximam 
partem lacte atque pecore vivunt, Caes. 
B. G. 4, 1: see also MOSTLY. 

principle: |. £lemental germ or 
1, principium : 
the first p. of all things, pr. rerum, 
Lucr. 1, 834. Usu. pl.: the jirst p.s of 
law, pr. juris, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18: to lay 
down carefully the first p.s, pr. bene 
explorata ponere, ib. 1, 13,37. 2, élé- 
mentum: v. ELEMENT. 3, only in 
pl., primordia, orum ; Lucr. 1, 56 (rerum 
pr.). ||. A rule laid down, a funda- 
mental maxim: 1, instititum: the 
precepts and p.s of philosophy, praecepta 
institutaque philosophiae, Cic. Off. inzt. : 
to imbue the mind with the soundest p.s, 
optimis i. mentem imbuere, Quint. 1, 1, 
16: the p.s of jurisprudence, juris pub- 
lici instituta, Cic. Br. 77, 269. Oy 
collectively, instititio, ratio, disciplina : 
ef. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, haec institutio atque 
haec disciplina (these p.s and rules of 
conduct): id. Or. 32,115, hac Chrysippi 
disciplina institutus (trained in these 
p.s): the p.s of the Stoics, Stoicorum 
ratio disciplinaque, id. Off.3, 4,20. 8, 
deécrétum (dogma): Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27: 
Sen. II]. With reference to practical 
life, conscientiousness, integrity: Phr.: 
a man of p. vir gravis et severus 
Cic. de Or. 2, §6, 228; vir sanctus et 
religiosus (with ref. to ouths), Cic. R. 
Com. 15, 443 vir justi officiique ob- 
servans (V. UPRIGHT, CONSCIENTIOUS) : 
a man of no p., vit levis (with no 
solidity of character), Cic. Clu. 28, inté, 
(leves ac nummarii judices): see also 
UNPRINCIPLED. 

print (v.): |. With type: 1], *im- 
primo, pressi, ssum, 3 (which however is 
condemned by Kr. and others): of this 
edition 275 copies were p.d, hujus edi- 
tionis CCLXXV volumina impressa fu- 
erunt, Drakenb. pref. Sil. Ital.: Ruhnk. 
(Kr.): so in legal term, imprimatur, 
licence to print. 2. expr. by typis, 





PRINT 


PRIVET 





abl. pl., with various verbs: e.g. typis 
excudere, exscribere, describere, expri- 
mere; which verbs are also used absol. : 
Orell. pref. Vell. (N.B.—These latter 
pbrr. should be used whenever elegance 
of expression is an object.) Phr. J 
shall be at liberty either to p. or not, 
crit liberum nobis vel publicare vel con- 
tinere, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 3 (the term to pub- 
dish being often exact enough for ordinary 
purposes): to publish a look splendidly 
p.'d, \ibrum magnificis typis (best add, 
expressum) in lucem edere, Benil. (Kr.) : 
the treatise has not yet been p.'d, *libellus 
nondum prelum exercuit; nondum 
typis expressus e prelo exiit. Il. vo 
stamp with a pattern: Phr.: figuras, 
formas (linteo, etc.) imprimere ; (lin- 
teum, etc.) impressis formis pingere 
(Kr.). 
print (subs.): — |, Mark impressed: 
nota impressa: cf. Hor. (d. 1, 13,12: Vv. 
MARK. SeealsoTostamup. ||, Type: 
expr. by typi, orum: ¢o appear in p. (of 
a work), *typis expressum, excusum 
rodire: v.TO PRINT. Jo rush into p., 
temere inconsulteque publicare, edere 
(ibellum) Ill. An engraving : pic- 
tira (lignea, etc. forma expressa): v. 
PICTURE, ENGRAVING. IV. 4 printed 


fabric: *textile opus formis coloribusque 


impressis Se aye 
rinter : , ty aipbus: Morhof, 

i. a0: Orell. pref. Vell 2. typdthéta, 
ae (type-setter, compositor): Orell. 1. c. 
Printers’ worlemen, operae typographi- 
cae, Ruhnk. (Kr.): Orell.: p.s’ ink, atra- 
mentum typographicum, Kr. 

printing (subs.): *typographia : 
Morhof, i. 730. Or by circuml., ars 
typographica ; ars litterarum typis ex- 
primendarum. 

— office: *officina typographica : 
Morhof, i. 732. 

— press: *prélum typographicum, 

prior (adj.): Phr.: he had a p. 
claim on my services, *jam ante illi 
officium meum (quodeunque) debebatur : 
the proprietor has the p. claim, potior 
est conditio ejus qui dominium tenet, cf. 
Ulp. Dig. 14,5, 3. See also PRECEDING. 

prior (subs.) : *prior conventualis : 
y. Du C.s. v. 


prioress: *pridrissa: Du C. 

priority: expr. by ante, prior, etc. : 
Vv. BEFORE, and TO PRECEDE. 

priory : *prioratus, tis: (the office): 
Du C. For the place, v. MONASTERY. 

rise (v.): Phr.: quasi vecti adhibita 

refringere. 

prism: prisma, itis, m.: Mart. Cap. 

prismatic: *prismiticus (only as 
#.2.). 


prison: 1, carcer, Eris, m.: Cic. 
Sull. 25, yo: SalL: Liv. 2. robur, 
oris, n. (the inner keep of a p., esp. of 
the public p. at Rome): Fest. s. v. ro- 
bum: Hor. Od. 2, 13, 19. Join: in 
robore et tenebris, Liv. 38, 59, extr. 
(This part of the carcer of Rome was 
called Tullianum, Sall. Cat. 55.) 3. 
when the ret. is not to the place bunt the 
condition of confinement, vincila, orum; 
custddia (milder): to put in p., in vin- 
cula conjicere, Caes. B. G. 3, 9: tohurry 
away to p., in v. abripere, Cic. Verr. 4, 
10, 24: V. IMPRISONMENT. 
prisoner: }. In legal sense : 
reus, f. rea (accused person): Cic.: 
Quint. I]. Caplive in war: iG 
captivus (one remaining in the state of 
a@ p.): Caes. B.G. 1, 22: Cic. Also in 
pl., captiva corpora: Liv. 31, 46 (urbs 
regi, captiva corpora Romanis cessere). 
2, expr. by capio, 3 (when the ref. is 
not to those in a captive state, but to the 
act of capturing): 3000 infantry 1 ere 
made ps in that battle. capta eo proelio 
tria millia peditum, Liv. 22, 49, eztr.: 
you have the ringleade’s p.s, duces cap os 
[et comprehensos] tenetis, Cic. Cat 3, "), 
tnit. 
pristine: pris Ynus: v. FORMER (3). 
prithee: quaeso, cédo (pl. cette): v. 


PRAY, TELL, 
privacy: 1. solitiido (being alone): 
V. SOLITUDE. 2 sécrétum (not so in 


Uic.): profound p., altum abditumque 


s., Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 22: to delight in p., 
secreto gaudere, Quint. 10, 7, 16 (the 
oblique cases to be preferred), See also 
RETIREMENT. 

private (adj.): |, Peculiar to anin- 
dividual: 1, privatus. no p. property 
in land, nihil privati [ac separati] agri, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 1: his own p. property, 
Tes quae ipsiux erant p., Cic. Quint. 4, 
15.  Q, pécillaris, e: Suet.: Dig.: v. 
OWN (5). “The p. property of a person 
not sui juris, pécilium: Liv. 2, 41, fin. 
(P. filii): Suet. Tib. 50 (uxoris): v. Lat. 
Jict.s.v. |], Not of a public chavac- 
ter: privatus: a p. life, vita p. [et 
quieta}, Cic. Sen. 7, 22: ina p. capacity 
(holding no leyal authority), privatus, 
id. Cat. 1,1, 3. without subs., in privato 
(in a p. place, opp. in publico), Liv. 39, 
18, med. In p., without public autho- 
rity, privatim, Caes. B. G. 1. 17: Sall. 

WW. Retired : 1. sécrétus: p. 
studies, s. studia, Quint. 2, 18, 4: Sen. 
Ep. 91, 5: Petr.: To make for a p. spot 
(Jor an interview), secretum petere, Plin. 
Ep. 1, s,11. Hence adv. secreto, in pri- 
vate: Vv. PRIVATELY. 2. sdlus: v. 
SOLITARY. IV. Connected with one’s 
own home: esp. of education. 1, expr. 
by démi: whether p. education or school 
be preferable, utilius domi an scholis 
(pueri) erudiantur, Quint. 1, 2, lem.: cf. 
ib. § 1, domi atque tutra privatos parietes 
studere, 2. démesticus: a p. tutor, 
domesticus praeceptor, ib. 64: p. and 
in-doors exercise, d. exercitatio et um- 
bratilis, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157: p. lessons, 
*lectiones d.(Kr.). §, umbratilis, um- 
braticus (to be used with caution: v. IN- 
DOORS. V. Confidential: Phr.: he 
was the king’s p. secretary, (rex) eum 
habuit ad manum scribae loco, Nep. 
Eum. 1 (cf. paulo infr., omnium consili- 
orum particeps): Kr. gives phr. scriba 
cubicularius, Inser.: *scriba omnium 
secretorum arbiter, cf. Curt. 3, 12, med. 
Vi. Milit. term, of the rank and 

jile, not an officer: 1, grégarius 
(miles), Cic. Pl. 30, 72: Tac. 2. ma- 
nipularis, e; esp. as subs., by ellipsis of 
miles: I have not followed Pompey like 
a single p. soldier, non Pompeium tan- 
quam unus m. secutus sum, Cic. Att. 
g, 10, imit.: Tac. (freq.). 

private (subs.): Vv. PRIVATE, (adj. 
V1). Phr.: he was only a p., erat 
privatus numero militis, Nep. Epam. 7. 
(Nagels.) 

privateer: *navis privata praeda- 
toria. 


privateering (subs.): Phr.: p. is 
Jorbidden, *nemini privato mari bellum 
gerere licet: they introduced the prac- 
tice of p., *primi omnium privatis ho- 
minibus potestatem per litteras fecerunt 
bellum mari gerendi. 

privately: 1, sécréto (apart from 
all persons not concerned): to speak 
p. with any one, s. cum aliquo loqui, 
Hor. S. 1, 9, 67: Caes. B. G. 1, 18: Cic. 
(Less well, secrete, secretim.) 2). 
clam (/eeping a thing in the dark): v. 
SECRETLY. Phr.: he asks him p., quae- 
rit ex solo (opp. in conventu), Caes. l. ¢.: 
he told the young man p. to come to him, 
remotis arbitris ad se adolescentem 
venire jussit, Cic. Off. 3, 31,112. (Pri- 
vatim =in a private or unofficial capa- 
city: v. PRIVATE, 1I.). 

privateness : V. PRIVACY. | 

privation: |. Deprivation: 1, 
privatio: Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 38 (pr. doloris, 
exemption from pain): Gell. f 
ademptio (taking auvay of something 
possessed): Tac.: Anct. pro Dom. (Or 
expr. by privo, careo, etc.: Vv. TO DE- 
PRIVE, BE WITHOUT.) || eed: indpia: 
Join: inopia et tames, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 
50: inopia atque egestas, id. Am. 9, 29. 

privative: in gram., privativus: 
Gell. 13, 22, extr. Also, privans, ntis: 
suggested by Cic. Top. 11, 48, as = Gr, 
otepytixos. (Or. expr. by verb: the 
prejix in has a p. jorce, praepositio IN 
privat verbum ea vi quam haberet si 1N 
praepositum non fuisset, Cic.) 

rrivet: ligustrum: Virg. E. 2, 18. 
(*Ligustrnm vulgare, Linn.) 











PRIZE 





privilege : i.e. peculiar advantage ; 
esp. one enjoyed by legal right: 1, 
jus, juris, n. (gen. term: ala ful clai 
or right): the p.s of (those hu ving) three 
children (exemptions given on account 
of family,) jura trium liberorum, Suet 
Gal. 14: more freq. sng. (jus), Plin. Ep 
2, 13,8: Dig.: v. BIGHT, (subs.). 2, pri 
vilégium (legal right : not so in Cic., the 
primary sense being a law aimed at an 
individual): to enjoy a p. by imme- 
mrial usage, p. et vetustissimum morem 
habere, I'lin. kp. 10, §3 (56): Seu. 7 
bénéficium: exp. in certain phrr., the p. 
of chikiren (like jus, v. supr.), b. libe- 
rorum, Suet. Cl 15; the p. uf (v earing) 
rings, b. anulorum, Tryph. Dig. 47, 5, 
42. 4, praerégaiva (tn the way of 
honour or dignity; late in this sense: 
strictly, the first vote. or right of voting 
Jirst): Ulp. Dig. 1, 16, 4 § §: Plin. 
Phr.: poets have always had the p. of 
-+-, poeuls semper fuit aequa potestas 
(with gen. of ger.), Hor. A. P. 10: one 
has the p. of..., concessum est, per- 
missum est, cf. Quint. 6, 3, 28: it wa 
great p. to attend the lectures of such a 
man, *magnum, maximum est talis viri 
scholis adesse: v. ADVANTAGE. 

privileged (part. adj.): qui prae- 
cipuo quodam jure est: cf. PRIVILEGE. 
privily : clam, occulté- v. secreTLr 
privity: Phr.: without the p. of, 
clam, with acc. or abl.: v. KNOWLEDGE 
(3). 

privy (adj.): |. Secret: privatus, 
s€crétus: Vv. PRIVATE. Esp. in pbr., p 
member, pudenda, véretrum (= penis), 
etc. : V. GENITALS, |]. Privy to; ie. 
acquainted with: 1. conscius (with 
gen. or dat. of that which a person is p, 
to): p. to the plot, c. conjurationis, Sall. 
Cat. 37: Cic.: Tac.: p. to a crime, fa- 
cinori c., Cic. Clu. 20, 56: with prep.: 
that Piso was p. to these schemes, his de 
rebus c. esse Pisonem, id. Att. 2, 24, ad 
jin.: the person with whom privity is 
shared is put in dat., which being ex- 
pressed, the thing concerning which can 
only be in gen. or with prep.: cf. Sall 
Cat. 22, alius alii tanti facinoris conscius 
and Cic. Att. 1, 18, mihi in privatise 
omnibus conscius. 9. affinis, e (@m- 
plicated in): v. PARTY (VI.). (Also, 
haud or non ignarus, Sall. Cat. 12, fin.) 

privy (subs.): 1, forica: Juv. 3, 
38. 9. latrina: Suet. Tib. 58. 

— chamber: consistorium: Amm. 
15, 5- 

— council: perh. *consilium regis 
(principis) interius; qui regis (prin- 
cipis) consiliorum secretiorum parti- 
cipes sunt; consiliarii regii. Under the 
Empire, comites consistoriani: Just. 
Cod. 12, 10: also, simply, consistoriani, 
Amm. 15, 5; and, as forming a kind of 
court, consistorium (cunsistorium selus 
ingressus, ib.). 

—— councillor: v. preced. art. 
purse: fiscus (under the em- 
perors): S:et. Aug. ror: Tac. 

— seal: *(princijis) signum se- 
cundarium (privatum, quod appellatur). 
Also meton., the hulder of the p -seal, 
*(is) cui commissum est signum, etc. 

prize (subs.): |. Re. ard of ho- 
nour : ], praemium : fo be incited to 
study by splen.id p.s, amptis p. ad per- 
discendum commoveri, Cic. de Or 1, 4, 
intt.: p.s in public games, (certaminum) 
pr., Suet. Cal. 20: to cary off a p., pr. 
anferre, id. Gram. 17: to of/er a p., pr. 
proponere, ib.: the first ur sevond py 
pr. primarium, secundarium, Eichst. 
(Kr.): p. for diligence and progress in 
study, *pr. ob diligentiam studiorumque 
profectusdonatum. 2, palma (strictly, 
palm of victory: esp. poet.): ¢0 lose the 
p., p. amittere, Virg. Aen. 5, 519: 
(rinner of) the third p., tertia p., ib. 
339: v. PALM. Phr.: to compete for a 
p. descendere in certamen, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
26, init.: to try Jor the p. in various 
sports, vario ludicrorum genere conten- 
dere, Just. 7, 2, extr.: to av ard the p. to 
a comedy, comoediam coronare, Suet. CL. 
11: Lucretia won the p. in the contest 
(fig.), certaminis laus penes Lucretiam 

5°79 





PRIZE 





fuit, Liv. 1, 57, jin. ||. Something 
captured: praeda: v. Booty. If a cap- 
tured vessel, navis captiva: Caes. B, C. 
2,5: Liv. See also Gop-sEND. 

prize (v.): magni aestimo, facio: v. 
TO VALUE. 

prize-essay : *perh. tractatus palm- 
aris (cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 20, p. sententia): 
subject for a p., quaestio concertationi 
instituendae proposita, Eichst. (Kr.): or 
perh., *quaestio (materia) in scribendi 
(disserendique) certamen proposita: the 
Jirst, second, third p., *tractatus is qui 
primam, secundam, tertiam palmam abs- 
tulit. 

—-fighter : pugil, ilis: v. puGizisr. 

— money; manubiae (money ob- 
tained from the sale of booty): v. 
PLUNDER. Or better, pecunia manubialis, 
Suet. Aug. 30. (Hor. uses, viatica, 
orum: Ep. 2, 2, 26. 

probability: 1, similitido véri: 

ic. Part. 11, fin.: or in reversed order, 
veri sim., id. Ac. 2, 33, 107 (also written 
as one word: less well). 2. probabi- 
litas (of that which commends itself to 
the mind subjectively; whereas simili- 
tudo veri denotes objective resemblance 
to truth): whatever strikes our mind 
with a sense of p., that we say, quod- 
cunque nostros animos probabilitate per- 
cussit, id dicimus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33: 
see also PLAUSIBILITY. (Or expr. by adj.: 
there is a degree of p. about the story, 
*quae narrantur quodam modo veri si- 
Milia videntur: v. PROBABLE.) 

probable: ]. similis véri, or in 
reversed order; freq. written as single 
word, verisimilis: to enquire after 
what is most p., quid sit simillimum 
veri quaerere, Cic. Tusc. §, 4, 11: to dis- 
tinguish the p. from the incredible, veri 
similia ab incredibilibus dijudicare, id. 
Part. 40, 139. Also, similis vero (dat.), 
id. Fam. 12, 5, init. (id facilius crede- 
batur quia simile vero videbatur). The 
phr. veri simile est (it is p. that), is 
foll. by acc. and inf., Cic. KR. Am. 34, 
1c6; but non veri simile est, takes 
rather ut and subj.: cf. Cic. R. Am. 41, 
121: id. Verr. 4, 6, 11 =it is not to be 
supposed that: cf. Zumpt, § 623. 2: 
probabilis, e (denoting the quality which 
things “like truth,” veri similia, have of 
commending themselves to us: v. PLAU- 
SIBLE): a p. inference, p. conjectura [et 
Tatio], id. Div. 2,6, 16: cf. id. Inv. 1, 29, 
46, where a full definition of the word is 
given. (N.B.—Jt is p. that...is expr. 
by veri simile est, not probabile est.) 
Phr.: tf however the other is more p., 
sin autem illa veriora, Cic. Am. 4, 14: 
this is more p., hoc vero propius est, Liv. 
4, 37, init. : so, proximum vero est, it is 
most p., id. 2,14: to be the more p. (of 
two opinions), propius accedere ad veri- 
tatem, Cic. de Or. 1, 62, init. 

probably : |. With probability 
but not certainty: probabiliter: Liv. 33, 
28 (p. argumentari): Cic. (Or expr. by 
circuml.: cum quadam veri similitudine; 
cum magna probabilitate: v. PROBABI- 
LITY.) I. Very likely: expr. by veri 
simile est, nescio (haud scio) an, videtur : 
the city will p. be taken, *veri simile est 
arbem captum iri (v. PROBABLE); tf you 
adopt the other (course), p. more serious 
trouble will be caused me, sin illam 
alteram (eritis secuti), nescio an amplius 
negotii contrahatur, Cic. Cat. 4, 5,9: there 
is no trouble which may not p. happen. .., 
nulla est acerbitas quae non impendere 
videatur, id. Fam. 2, 16, med. 

probation: probatio (any trial or 
examination): Cic.: Plin. Phr.: he 
passed his period of p. in camp to the 
satisfaction of the general, prima cus- 
trorum rudimenta duci approbavit, Tac. 
Agr. 5: to put off one’s probation till old 
age, tirocinium in senectutem differre, 
Quint. 12, 6, 3: this life is a period of 
p. *haec nostra vita quasi ad probandos 
hominum mores animosque instituta 
videtur ; tanquam tirocinium quoddam 
esse videtur. 

probationary : expr. by tirdcinium, 
Tudimenta, etc.: v. preced. art. 

probationer: perh. tiro: v. NOVICE. 

§80 








PROCESS 


probe (subs.): spécillum: Cels. 7, 8: 

‘ic. 

probe (v.): tento, 1: more precisely, 
specillo tentare, Cels. 7, 8. Phr.: to p. 
a wound, (fig.), vulneribus manus afferre, 
Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2. 

probity; probitas, integritas: v. IN- 
TEGRITY. 

problem: |, Scientific: problema, 
atis, n.; abl. pl. problematis (Gr. mpo- 
BAnua: only as t. ¢.): Suet. Gr. 4: Sen.: 
Gell. |]. In colloq. sense: quaestio: 
V.QUESTION, The p.ts...,quaeritur...: 
Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 118, etc. 

problematical: v. DouBTFUL. 


proboscis; proboscis, cidis, f., (ele- | 


phant’s): Plin. 8,4,7: Flor. (Called by 
Cic., manus: N. [). 2, 47, extr.: Curt.) 
procedure; ratio: v. PLAN, POLICY. 
proceed: |. Zo direct one’s course: 
1. pergo, perrexi, ctum, 3 (to go 
straight): they p. to the camp, pergunt 


ad castra, Caes. B. G. 3, 18, extr. (in pur- | 


suance of a purpose before expr. by, ire 
ad castra, ad castra contendere): Sall. 
Cat. 44, med. Q. proficiscor, 3: v. TO 
SET OUT. 8, contendo, 3 (with expe- 
dition): v. TO HASTEN. I]. Zo move 
on: 1. procédo, ssi, ssum, 3: Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 101 (de funere): Liv. 21, 35, 
jin. 2. incedo, 3 (esp. to meet the 
foe): Liv. 28, 14, jfin.: cf. id. 21, 35, 
med. (quum segniter agmen incederet). 

3. progrédior, gressus, 3: v. TO AD- 
VANCE (B). 
topic: 1], pergo, 3: proceed to explain 
to me, perge mihi explicare, Cic. Part. 8, 
28: foll. by ad, id. Br. 43, init. (pergamus 
ad reliqua): Liv. Also rarely, to begin 
and yo on: Virg. E. 6, 13. 2. pro- 
grédior, 3: Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119 (ad 
reliqua p.). 3, transeo, 4, irr. (to pass 
on): Cic, Inv. 1, 21,extr.: Liv. (N.B.— 
Often not needing to be separately ex- 
pressed : cf. Cic. Man. 8, init., quoniam 
de genere belli dixi nunc de mugnitudine 
pauca dicam, J will now p. briefly to 
speals, etc.: or, deinceps may be used: 
cf. Cic. Off. 1, 14, 42, de justitia satis 
dictum est: deinceps de... dicatur, let 
us now p. to speak, etc.). IV. To arise 
From: 1, proficiscor, 3 (locally, or in 
fig. Sense): Vv. TO ORIGINATE (11.3). Q, 
orior, ortus, 3 and 4: Vv. TO ARISE. Se 
emano, I (as tw were to issue from a 
source): Cic. Att. 7, 21, init. (istine 


emanant mala nostra, p. from thence): | 


cf. id. Inv. 2,2,7. In same sense, simple 
verb, mano: id. Par. 3, 1, extr.: etc. 
V. To take legal steps against any 
one: Phr.: litem (actionem) intendere 
alicui, etc.: v. ACTION (V.): cf. Liv. 3, 44, 
med,, jure grassari non vi (but grassor 
usu. implies wrongful violence). 
proceeding: |. In gen. sense, 
usu. pl.; course of action: ratio: Ter. 
Ad. 3, 3, 21: Caes.: Cic. |]. Techni- 
cally, proceedings in law: actio: v. AC- 
TION (V.). Il. Transactions of a de- 
liberative or other body: acta, orum: 
Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 3: the p.s of the senate 
(journal of the same), senatus a., Suet. 
Aug. 5. 
proceeds: |. Gasale: expr. by 
rédigo, egi, actum, 3 : he sold the booty, 
and paid the p. into the treasury, (prae- 
dam) vendidit, ac redegit in publicum, 
Liv. 2, 42, imit.: ef. Cic. Div. Verr. 17, 
56, bona vendidit, pecuniam redigit (i.e. 
pockets the p.). I]. In wider sense: 
any money returns: réditus, fructus: 
V. PROFIT, PRODUCE, REVENUE. 
i vroceleusmatic: procéleusmiticus: 
Jiom. 
process: |. Going on: esp. in 
phr., in p. of time: procedente tempore, 
Plin. Ep. 6, 31, extr.: cf.Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 
53 (dies procedens). Or simply tempore 
(poet.): Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 1 and 3. (In 
prose, perh. better expr. by clause: ubi 
aliquantum temporis processit, etc.) 
Il. Means of doing something: 
ratio; v. PLAN. Or expr. by verb: this 
p. is tedious but easy, *ita res tarde 
quidem sed minimo cum labore efficitur, 
Ill. In law: v. action (V. IV. 
In anatomy: processus, us : 
med. 


Ill. 70 go on to a fresh | 


| Bal. 2, init. 








els. 8, I, | 


I 


PROCREANT 





procession: pompa: Cic. Tusc. 5, 
32, 91: funeral p., funeris p., Ov. F. 6, 
663. Phr.: the funeral p. moves on, 
funus procedit, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 101: less 
precisely, funus ducitur (the funeral 
takes place, being of the nature of a 
p.), Cic. Quint. 15, jin.: triumphal p., 
triumphus: v. TRIUMPH. F. of the 
equinozes, *processus equinoctiorum. 

proclaim: |, To publish abroad: 

1. praedico, 1 (to utter publicly) : 
opp. taceo, Ter, Eun. 4, 4, 54: esp. when 
eulogy is implied, to p. one’s good deeds, 
benefacta sua p., Plin. Ep. 3, 8, 15: Cic. 

2. proféro, 3, irr. (to publish ; not to 
keep secret): Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 41 (palam 
p.). 3. efféro, 3, irr. (like profero) : 
Cic.: Caes.: v. TO PUBLISH. {], Zo 
notify in an authoritative manner: , 
pronuntio, 1 (to make publicly known): 
to p. the names of the victors, p. nomine 
victorum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 4: ef. Liv. 24, 
27, praetores pr. (to notify the appoint- 
ment ; which was done by the magistrate 
presiding): Suet. 2, rénuntio, 1 (to 
notify publicly the return of successful 
candidates): on the day when I (as 
consul) p.’d L. Muraena Consul, illo die 
quo L. Muraenaw Cos. renuntiavi, Cic. 
Mur. init.: Liv. 5, 18, init. (Pro- 
nuntiare notes the publicity of the act ; 
re-nuntiare simply, the formal return.) 

3, déclaro, 1 (like precedd., but less 
precise in application): ef. Cic. Mur. 1, 
2, where declaratus = renuntiatus, cf. 
ib. § 1: and Liv. 9, 40, extr., where 
declarare aliquem consulem denotes the 
action of the people appointing. 4, 
@dico, xi, ctum, 3 (to order by authori- 
tative proclamation): to p. a general 
cessation from business, justitium -e., 
Cic. Ph. 6, 1,2: to p.a day for the elec- 
tions, diem comitiis e., Liv, 26, 18: cf. 
PROCLAMATION (1J.). Phr.: to p. war 
against any ome, alicui bellum indi- 
cere, Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 14. See also To 


PUBLISH. 

proclaimer: 1. praedicator: Cic. 

Q, praeco: v. HERALD, 

CRIER. : 

proclamation: |, Theact: 1, 
praedicatio: Cic, Agr. 2, 18, 48 (= formal 
announcement.) 2. pronuntiatio: id. 
Clu. 20, 56 (=public declaration of ju- 
dicial sentence). 3, rénuntiatio (cor- 
responding to renuntio: v. TO PROCLAIM, 
II. 2): Cic. Mur. 8,18. Or expr. by verb: 
vy. TO PROCLAIM (II). {]. That which 
is proclaimed : expr. by edico, 3 (to issue 
ap. with authority): he dared to issue 
a p. that..., ausus est e., ut..., Cic. in 
Pis. 8,18: cf. To PROCLAIM (II, 4). Subs. 
edictum (of Roman magistrates): v. 
EDIcT. Also by pronuntio, indico, etc. : 
they issue a p. that no one should..., 
pronuntiant, ne quis..., Caes. B. G. 5, 
34 (the verb denoting the action of the 
crier, not of the commanding officer). 

proclivity ; V- PROPENSITY. 

proconsul: proconsul, tlis (rare): 
Cic. Div. 2, 36,76: Sall. fr. Usu. better, 
pro consule, and always so when the 
subs. in Eng. is an attributive: when J 
was setting out for Cilicia as p., quum 
pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscerer, Cic 
de Or. 1, 18, 82 (where proconsul would 
have been inelegant). (But proconsul 
must be used for the subject of a sen 
telice, or when the term is generic: e. g. 
proconsul edixit; bella a proconsulibus 
administrantur.) 

proconsular: proconsularis, e (not 
in Cic.): ‘Tac. A. 13, 21 (pr. jus): Gell. 
Usu. better expr. by pro consule (= with 
p. authority) : V. PROCONSUL. © 

proconsulship: proconsiilatus, us 
(late): Tac. A. 16, 23: Plin. 

procrastinate: expr. by différo 
proféro, etc. : v. TO PUT OFF. 

procrastination : tarditas et pro 
crastinatio (rare); Cic. Ph. 6, 3,49. As 
single term, perh. tarditas is best: cf. id 
Fam.1, 5,6: also, id. Ph. 5,9, 25, moran 
et tarditatem afferre. Phr.: have don 
with p., rumpe moras! Virg. G. 3, 43 
in prose perh. better, *moras tolle, aufer 
See also DELAY (subs.). : 

procreant;: génialis, e: Cic.: Virg 








PROCREATE 





procreate: procreo, 1: Cic.: Nep.: 
¥. TO BEGET, 

procreation: procreatio: Cic. Tusc. 
1, 14, 31. Or expr. by ger. part. ; for 
the p. of children, liberorum procrean- 
dorum causa, ob liberos procreandos: vy. 
To BEGET. Phr.: to engage in the p. 
of children, liberis operam dare, Cic. Off. 
I, 35, 128. 

Procrustean: Phr.: a P. bed, 
*quasi lectus quidem Procrustae, ut in 
fabulis est. 

proctor: procirator: Stat. Cantab. 
p. 62. 

procumbent: pronus: v. PRONE. 

procuration: prociratio: Cic.: 

arr. 

procurator: (strictly, deputy-man- 
ager, agent): freq. used of the subordi- 
nate governors under proconsuls, esp. of 
Judaea: Tac. A. 15, 44: Suet. 

procure: compiro, 1: v, TO PREPARE, 
PROVIDE. If by transport on board ship, 
comporto, 1 (of a number of things): 
Caes. B. G. 4, 31. See also TO OBTAIN. 

procurement: comparatio: Cic. 

procurer: léno, onis, m.: Ter. Ad. 
2,1,7: Cic. Vo be a p. (or procuress), 
lenocinium facere, Ulp. Dig. 3, 2, 4.§ 2: 
7 Saad so, 1. exercere, Suet. Vib. 35. 
(Perductor, in this sense is doubtful: ef. 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, 33, where lenones and 
perductores are mentioned together.) 

procuress: léna: Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: 
Mart.: cf. preced. art. 

prodigal (adj.): prodigus, préfisus, 
etc.: V. LAVISH. 

prodigal (subs.): népos, otis: v. 
PROFLIGATE. 

prodigality : l, effasio: Cic. 
Part. 23, 81 (where it stands as the vi- 
cious counterpart of liberalitas) : Liv. 
The pl. occurs, as more comprehensive : 
Cic. Off. 2, 16, 56 (pecuniarum effu- 
‘sage ef. L.G.§ 593. 2, prodfisio: 
Suet. Ner. 30: Plin. min. 

prodigally : 1, effisé: v. La- 
VISHLY. 2. prodigé (only in bad 
sense): Cic. Ph. 11, 6, 13. 

prodigious: immanis, e: of p. sta- 
ture, immani corporum magnitudine, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 1: Lucr. (Prodigiosus= 
unnatural: Quint. 1, 1, 2.) See also 
MONSTROUS, PORTENTOUS. 

prodigiously: Phr.: J am p. glad, 
immortaliter gaudeo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3. 

prodigy : |. In strict sense, some- 
thing out of the course of nature serving 
as @ sign or omen: 1. prodigium: 
Cic. Verr. 4, 49, init.: many p.s took 
that winter, multa ea hieme p. 
facta, Liv. 21, 62, init.: Virg. oh 
portentum (less freq. than preced., and 
oftener in sense of monster): p.s in men 
and brutes, hominum pecudumque p., 
Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 14: Sall. (portenta atque 
prodigia, Cat. 30). 8. ostentum (gen. 
term; any supernatural intimation: 
infreq.): Suet. Caes. 32: cf. Cic. N. D. 
2,3,mmit. 4, monstrum (poet. in this 
sense): Virg. Aen. 2, 171. 5, mira- 
ctilum (a marvel): cf. Liv. 2, 7, init. 
I]. Fig.: a person or thing wonder- 
ful in any way: expr. by miraciilum : 
to be looked upon as a p., miraculo esse, 
Plin. 7, 1, 1: a boar that was a p. of 
size, aper, magnitudinis miraculum (?), 
ef. Liv. 25,9, ad fin. The use of prodi- 
gium in this sense is late and rare: cf. 
Flor. 1, 10, illa Romana prodigia atque 
miracula (those p.s of heroism, i. e. Hora- 
tius, Mutius, etc.). Phr.: he died after 
performing p.s of valour, *fortissime 
ugnans mortuus est; *quum ingentem 
ostium caedem edidisset occisus est: 
a p. of genius, *ingenio praeditus supra 
quam natura bominum pati videatur. 
produce (v.): |. To bring forth 
or forward: 1. proféro, tili, latum, 
3, irr.: to p. witnesses, testes p., Cic. 
Bal. 18, 41: he p.s a real porker from 
the folds of his dress, profert ipsum por- 
cellum e sinu, Phaedr. 5, 5, 36. So 
(sometimes) afféro, 3, irr.: to p. (ad- 
duce) reasons, causas, rationes a., Cic. 
Att. 11, 15, etc. 2. exhibeo, 2: esp. 
to show (things or persons) in court: p. 
that depository of your laws! exhibe 


PROFANATION 





librarium illud legum vestrarum! Cic. 
Mil. 12, 33: to p. a debtor in court, de- 
bitorem in judicium ex., Paul. Dig. 12, 
2, 28, etc.: Suet. 3. prédiico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (to bring forward): Cic. Mil 
22, 5y (servos in quaestionem p.): Ulp. 


Dig. 4, sisto, stiti, statum, 3 (legal | 


term: to cause any one to appear in 


court): to guarantee that a person shall | 


be p.d, sistendum aliquem promittere, 
Liv. 3, 45, med. Phr.: to p. witnesses, 
testes dare (in aliquam rem), Cic. Quint. 
23. 75: in non-legal sense, id. Rep. 1, 37 
(dabo tibi testes nec nimis antiquos, 
etc.): also testes citare (v. TO SUMMON): 


to p. a play, tabulam dare, id. Br. 12, | 
Il. Zo | 


Jin. : see also To CITE, QUOTE. 
cause: facio, efficio: v. TO MAKE, CAUSE. 
Phr.: top.an impression on, movére : 
Liv. 3, 20, init. (moverat plebem con- 
sulis oratio): to p. a laugh, risum mo- 
vere, Cic. de Or. 2, 62, init.: that p.s no 
effect, irritus (Vv. VAIN, INEFFECTUAL): 
see also, TO EXCITE. Ul. Zo yield 
produce or offspring: 1], féro, 3, irr.: 
to p. Jrutt, fruges f., Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67: 
this age p.d an almost per/*c orator, 
haec aetas oratorem prope perfectum 
tulit, id. Br. 12, 45: Hor. 9. efféro, 
3, irr.: Cic. Rep. 2, 4, extr. (id quod 
efferunt agri): Luer.: Virg. Also, 
afféro, 3, irr. (rare): Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48 
(agri fertiles, qui multo plus afferunt 
quam acceperunt: al. efferunt): Plin. 
min. 8. gigno, pario, 3: v. TO BRING 
FORTH. V. In geometry, to carry 
Jorward : prodiico, 3: ¥. TO PROLONG. 

produce (subs.): 1, fructus, is: 
(money accumulated) from the p. of 
mines, ex f. metallorum, Liv. 45, 40, 
med.: the p. of poultry, eggs, and 
chickens, f. gallinarum, ova et pulli,Varr. 
R. R. 3, 3, med.: also pl., to gather in 
the p. (of the soil), fructus percipere, 
Cic. Sen. 7, 24: see also PROFIT. 2. 
réditus, tis (im money): v. PROFIT, RE- 
VENUE. 3. expr. by verb: to live on 
the p. of a farm, *iis quae fert (effert) 
ager vivere. 

product: |. Something produced : 
opus: the most precious p. of the human 
mind, pretiosissimum humani ingenii o., 
Plin. 7, 29, 30: amongst all the p.s of 
human skill, *ex omnibus quaecunque 
hominum sollertia excogitavit atque 
effecit. I]. Jn arithmetic: summa 
quae ex wmultiplicatione effecta est, Col. 
5, 2, init. (Kr.). 

production: |. The act of pro- 
ducing: expr. by verb: v. TO PRODUCE, 


BRING FORTH. il. That which ws 
produced: v. PRODUCT. _ 
productive: |. Yielding freely: 


férax, acis (having naturally capacity to 
yield fruit, whether actually doing so 
or not): to possess the most p. soil, fera- 
cissimos agros possidere, Caes. B. G. 2, 
4: Col.: Hor. Foll. by gen.: a soil p. 
in trees, f. arborum terra, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 
15: also with abl. ib. 4, 15, 8 (saeculum 
bonis artibus f.): v. FERTILE. VP. of or 
im, may sometimes be expr. by verb. this 
age was wonderfully p. in orators, haec 
aetas effudit copiam [sc. oratorum}, Cic. 
Br. 9, 36 (R. and A.): so, Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 
1, Magnum proventum poetarum hic 
annus attulit, Plin. Ep. 1, 13, init.: v. 
To propuce (III.).  |J, Causing: 1, 
efficiens, ntis (with gen.): virtue p. @ 
enjoyment, e. voluptatis virtus, Cic. Off. 
3, 33,116. So effectrix: id. Fin. 2, 17, 
55. 2, expr. by sum, with double 
dat. (L. G. § 267): to be p. of advantage 
to any one, alicui bono esse, Cic. R. Am. 
5, 13: so with fio: to prove p. of dis- 
grace to any one, alicui dedecori fieri, id. 
Off. 1, 39, 139. 

productiveness : 1, féracitas 
(rare): Col. 3, 2, fim.: v. FERTILITY. 

2. ibertas: p. of soil, u. agrorum, 

Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: with gen. of that 
which is produced, ib. 3, 36, 86 (u. fru- 
gum et fructuum). 

proem: prooemium: Cic.: Quint.: 
V. PREFACE. 

profanation: 1, vidlatio: Liv. 
29, 8, extr. (v. templi): Sen. 2, pia- 
cilum (an act requiring expiatim): to 


PROFICIENCY 





| be guilty of p.,p. commitiere, Liv. 5, 52, 
ad jin.: cf. ib. paulo ante, hinc sine 
piaculo [sacra} in hostium urbem trans- 
ferimus ? 3, nefas, indecl. (anything 
contrary to divine law): in prose, usu. 
with est, or in phr. nefas habere: they 
deem it ap. to..., 0. habent (with ins.), 
Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56: to atone for the 
unhappy p., triste n. piare, Virg. Aen 
2, 184. 4, expr. by verb: on account 
|of the p.of the temple, *ob violutum 
numen; to pay the penalty of p. of a 
temple ; *templi poliuti s. temerati poe- 
nas dare: v, TO PROFANE. 
profane (adj.): |. Not sacred : 
profanus: opp. consecratus, Cic. Part. 
Io, extr.: Liv. 5, 52, med. (in profane 
on unconsecrated ground). ll. Fig.: 
impious, offending against sacred things : 
1, profanus (only poet.): Ov. Tr. 
3, 5, 48: Stat. 2. impius (the best 
word for prose): v. IMPIOUs. 
profane (.): 1, vidlo, 1: to p. 
consecrated ground, loca religiosa v., 
Cic. Rab. perd. 2,7: Ov. 2. polluo, 
3: V. TO POLLUTE, 3, téméro, 1 
(chiefly poet.): Virg. Aen. 6, 841 (tem- 
pla t.): Ov. Join: temerare ac vio- 
lare, Liv. 26, 13, med. (in a rhetorical 
passage). 4, prdfano, 1 (in this sense, 
poet.: strictly, to unconsecrate, reli- 
gionem tollere): Ov. Am. 3, 9, 19. 
profanely : impié, contra religio- 
nem: Vv. IMPIOUSLY. (Profane, Lact.) 
profanity; impiétas, néfas: v. m- 
PIETY, PROFANATION. (By no means, 
profanitas: Tert.) 
profess: proliteor, fessus, 2: they p. 
to teach, profitentur se docere, Cic. N. D. 
I, 5,10: top. tobe agrammarian, gram- 
maticum se p., id. ‘lusc. 2,4, 12. Also 
with ace. of the art or science p.'d, id. in 
Pis. 29, 71. 
professed (part. adj.): expr. by 
profiteor: v, TO PROFESS. 
professedly; ex professo: Sen. Ep. 
14, 8: Macr. 
profession : J. Open avowal : 
professio: Vell. 2, 87 (where the notion 
of a difference between p.s and deeds 
may be traced): Planc. in Cic.; Tac. 
Or expr. by profiteor: v. TO PROFESS. 
|]. A learned occupation : BT 
professio: the p. of philology, p. gram 
maticae, Suet. Gr. 8: cf. Cels. pref. ad 
init., salutaris ista p. (i. e. medicina). 
(Not exactly so in Cic.: cf. de Or. 1, 6, 
21, vis oratoris pro/fessioque ipsa bene 
dicendi=act of profession on the part of 
the orator.) Q, Gisciplina(as a brum’ 
of knowledge): Cels. pref. init. (Hip- 
pocrates ... ab studio sapientiae banc 
disciplinam separavit), Also ars, arti- 
ficium (liberale), often serve: Cic, Off. 1, 
42: seealso arT. Phr.: to follow the 
p. of a lawyer, jurisconsultum se pro- 
fiteri (to profess oneself a lawyer), v. 
TO PROFESS. 
professional: expr. by professio, 
artificium : p. incomes are smaller than 
those of commercial ixen, *minores sunt 
artificiorum Jiberalium [professionum, 
quae dicuntur) reditus quam qui ex mer- 
catura capiuntur: to promise one’s p. 
services (as a pleader), *ofticium pro- 
mittere. 
professor: (literary) professor: Suet. 
r.g: Plin. min.: Aus. Phr.: to bea 
p., profiteri (the name of the art or sci- 
ence professed being understood): Suet. 
Gr. 9: Plin. Ep. 4, 11, mrt. A p. of 
Christianity, *qui nomen Christianum 
sibi arrogat. 
professorship: (?) professio: cf. 
Suet. Gr. 8. Phr.: he was appointed to 
the p. of history, *delectus est qui his- 
toriam publice profiteretur; qui scholas 
historicas publice haberet: or simply, 
*historiae professor nominatus est. 
proffer ; polliceor, promitto: v. To 
OFFER, PROMISE. 
proficiency : expr. by progressus, 
us: he had such p. in the Stoic philo- 
sophy, that ..., tantos p. habebat in 
Stoicis, Cic. N. D. 1,6, fin. So processus, 
ts: Auct. in Suet. Gr. ro (in Graecis 
litteris magnum processum habere) ; 
‘and, profectus, us: Sen. Ep. 11, init. 
581 





PROFICIENT 





Phr.: to attain p. in philosophy, in phi- 
losophia proficere aliquid, Cic. Off. 3, 8, 
fin.: as to your p., quantum proficias, id. 
proficient (adj.): expr. by progres- 
sus (magnus) habere; proficere: y. pre- 
ced, art. See also SKILFUL. 
proficient (swvbs.): v. preced. artt. 
profile: obliqua imago (profile por- 
trait): Plin. 35, to, 36 § go (regis ima- 
ginem obliquam pinxit, fecit): such 
portraits were technically called, caita- 
grapha, orum. ib. 35, 8, 34§ 97. If the 
actuul features (not the portrait) be 
meant, *facies obliqua. 
profit (swbs.): |, In general sense: 
émolimentum bénum, etc.: v. ADVAN- 
TAGE, GOOD (subs.). I. Monetary ; 
in this sense. oft. pl.: 1, lucrum, 
émodlimentum, etc.: v. GAIN. i 
réditus, Us (incomings ; as, rents, in- 
terest): p.sof mines, r.(pl.) metallorum, 
Liv. 42, 52: the p.s (of a farm) falling 
off, decrescente r., Plin. Ep. 6, 3: Suet. 
8. fructus, us (yield, proceeds) : 
Cic.: Liv. 
profit (v.): |. To be of service: 
1, prosum, irr. (with dat., or 
absoL): what does it p. me? quid 
mihi p.? Ov. M. 13, 935 (with infin.) : 
Hor. A. P. 333 (absol. = to instruct, 
edify) : Sen. 2. proficio, 3 (to help, 
be serviceable: oft. with ad and acc. de- 
noting end to which): your explanation 
will greatly p. to the end we are in 
search of, explicatio tua multum ad ea 
quae quaerimus profecerit, Cic. Fin. 3, 
414. Join: proficere et valere, id. 
Br. 37, init. 3. Valeo, 2 (to avail, be 
effectual) : pass. I]. Zo get good 
from: proficio, 3: v. PROGRESS (to 
make). {Il. Yo take advantage of, 
make good use of: Phr.: to p. by an 
opportunity, occasioni non deesse, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 79, init.: also, occasionem 
arripere, (avide) amplecti, etc. (v. oP- 
PORTUNITY): we have greatly p.’d by 
this tour, *multum fructus (utilitatis) 
ex hoc itinere cepimus ; magnopere pro- 
fuit nobis hoc iter, etc.: v. supr. 
profitable: 1. fructudsus (in 
widest sense): nothing good except what 
ts p., nibil bonum nisi quod f. est, Cic. 
Am. 21, 79. Join: frugifera et fruc- 
tuosa [philosophia], id. Off. 3, 2,5. See 
also PRODUCTIVE. 2. quaestudsus : 
Vv. LUCRATIVE. 3. lucrativus (rare): 
p. labour for reading, etc., 1. opera ad 
legendum, etc., Quint. 10, 7, 27. 4. 
fitilis, e: v. USEFUL. Phr.: farms are 
less p. than they were, *agrorum reditus 
Minores sunt quam antea; *ex agris 
Minores fructus domino redeunt: v. 
PROFIT. 
—, to be: prosum, proficio: v. To 
PROFIT (1.). 
profitably: wtiliter: v. UsEFULLY. 
profitless: initilis, vanus, ex quo 
nihil fructus capitur, etc.: v. USELESS. 
profligacy: 1. néquitia: to lead 
any one into p., aliquem ad n. abducere, 
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 4: utter p., perdita n., Cic. 
Clu. 13, tnit.: Hor. 2. use pl. of 
flagitium (L. G. § 5y1): to pollute oneself 
with p., flugitiis se inquinare, Cic. Tusc. 
I, 30, 72: ef. Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 20 (stul- 
tum adolescentulum nobilitas flagitiis) ; 
Heaut. 5, 4, 14 (flagitiis tuis me infamem 
fieri): Tac. 3, perditi mores: Cic. 
Fam. 2, 5, extr. Phr.: a woman of 
abandoned p., \uxuriae ac lasciviae per- 
dite (mulier), Suet. Cal. 25: to be given 
up to p., luxuria et lascivia diffluere, 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1,72. See also foll. art. 
profligate (adj.) : 1, perditus 
(abandoned): a p. and dissolute youth, 
adolesceus p. ac dissolutus, Cic. Tuse. 4, 
25,55. Joiu: contaminatus, perditus, 
flagitiosus, id. Verr. 3, 58, 134. 9. 
flagitiOsus (characterized by all kinds 
of disgraceful living): Join: vitiosa 
et flagitiuvsa [vita], id. Fin. 2, 28, 93; 
flagitiusissimus, libidinosissimus, nequis- 
simurs, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, 192. 3, né- 
quan, indecl. (good for nothing, vicious) : 
cf. supr. 4. profligatus (rare): Cic. 
Verr. 3, 26, 65 (tu, omnium mortalium 
profligatissime ac perditissime): id. 
Arch. 6,14. Phr.: an utterly p. life, 
582 








PROGRESS 


vita vitiis flagitiisque dedita, id. R. Am. 
13, fin.; *vita omni nequitia infamis. 

profligate : népos, Otis (spendthrift, 
reckless liver): Cic.: Hor.: v. PRODI- 
GAL. 

profligately: flagitidse: Join: 
impure et f., Cic. Fin. 3, 11, 38. Or expr. 
by phr.: to live p., vitiis ac flagitiis se 
dedere, ingurgitare, etc.: Vv. FROFLI- 
GACY. 

pro-forma : dicis causa: Cic. Verr. 
4 24, 53. 

profound: altus: p. abilities, a. 
indoles, Liv. 21, 2, med. Sometimes, 
subtilis (nice, exact, accurate); or, ab- 
striisus (recondite, deep); may serve: @ 
p. knowledge of mathematics, mathema- 
ticorum subtilissima cognitio (peritia) : 
@ p. discussion, disputativ abstrusissima, 
cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 10, init. See also, AB- 
STRUSE. 

profoundly: 1. perh. subtiliter 
(nicely, accurately): cf. Cic. Ac. 2, Io, 
tntt. 2. pénitus (inwardly; hence, 
thoroughly, going to the very heart of a 
thing): to become p. acquainted with all 
the passions, omnes animurum motus p. 
pernoscere, Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 17: cf. id. 
Br. 48, 178, totam [rem] tenebat peni- 
tusque cognorat: p. hostile to the Roman 
name, p. Romano nomini infestissimus, 
Vell. 2, 27. 3. abscondité (abstruse- 
ly): Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2. 

profundity : altitido: v. DEPTH. 

profuse: effiisus, profiisus, etc.: v. 
LAVISH (adj.). To receive any one with 
most p. demonstrations of favour, effu- 
sissime aliquem excipere, Suet. Ner. 22. 

profusely: effiiseé, profisé: v. La- 
VISHLY. Yo weep p., effundi lacrimis, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 651: largos effundere 
fletus, ib. 241: he began to bleed p., 
ingens vis sanguinis manare coepit, Curt. 
9g, 6, fin. 

profusion : |, Lavish expendi- 
ture : 1, effiisio: Cic. Part. 23, 81 
(liberalitatem effusio imitatur): Liv. 
The pl. may denote repeated acts of pro- 
fusion, cf. L. G. § 594. 2. protusio 
(not in Cic.): Suet. Ner. 30: strengthened 
by epith. nimia, Plin. Ep. 2, 4, eztr.: 
Vitr. 3, largitio (lavishness in giving): 
Sen. Ben. 1, 2, init. (Or expr. by cir- 
cuml.: effusi s. profusi sumptus, nimia 
largitas s. liberalitas: v. LAVISH.) Il. 
Copiousness : largitas: Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 
156. See also ABUNDANCE. 

progenitor: pirens: Gai. Dig. 50, 
16,51. Esp. pl., Cic. Inv. 1, 54, fin. 

progeny: progenies, Gi: v. OFF- 
SPRING. 

prognostic: signum (gen. term): 
Virg. G. 1, 351. More usu. expr. by 
verb: concerning the p.s of fuir weather, 
de iis quae serenam tempestatem signi- 
ficant, nuntiant, etc.: v. TO FOREBODE. 
Prognostica, orum (Gr. mpoyvwartKa), 
only in Cic. as title of his translatian of 
the poem of Aratus so called. 

prognosticate: prospicio, spexi, 
ctum, 3: Virg. G. 1, 393 (ex imbri soles 
--. prospicere, et certis cognoscere sig- 
nis). See also TO FOREBODE. 

prognostication: praedictio, prae- 
dictum: v. PREDICTION. See also PRO- 
GNOSTIC. 

prognosticator : v. PROPHET. 

programme: libellus: cf. Tac. Or. 
g, where the libelli distributed to persons 
present at a poetical recitation appear to 
be programmes: Cic. Ph. 2, 38, init. 
(libelli gladiatorum). Not programma, 
which is a public notification, mani- 
Sesto. 

progress (subs.): |, Lit., journey 
onward: best word prob., iter, itinéris, 
”.: V. JOURNEY, ROUTE. ll. Fig. 
carrying anything forward, improve- 
ment : 1, progressus, Us: esp. pl.: 
to make p. in study, in studiis (philoso- 
phiae) progressus facere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
19, jin. In like sense, progressio: to 
make p. towards excellence, progres- 
sionem ad virtutem facere, id. Fin. 4, 24, 
67. 2. processus, tis: to make so 
great p., tantos p. efficere, id. Br. 78, 
272. 3. profectus, is (not in Cic.): 
Vell. t, 16, med. Phr., to make p. in 


PROLIX 





anything, proticere in aliqua re, Caeg 
B. G. 7, 20 (in oppugnatione oppidi): see 
also PROFICIENCY. 
progress (v.): progrédior, 3: v. TO 
ADVANCE. _ } 
progression ; progressus, us: Cic- 
N. D. 2, 20, inét. (stellarum; opp. re- 
gressus). x 
progressive: expr. by prégrédior 
v. TO AD\ ANCE, 
prohibit ; véto, interdico (by legal 
sentence) ; impéro or sancio, foll. by ne : 
v. TO FORBID. (Less freq. in this sense, 
prohibeo.) 
prohibition: interdictum: Cic. in 
Pis. 21, 48. Or use gen. term denoting 
a@ command: jussum, mandatum: Vv 
ORDER, COMMAND. 
prohibitory: Phr.: a p. duty on 
corn, *portorium ad frumentum impor- 
taticium excludendum impositum. 
project (v-): A. l'rans.: I. 
To cast forward: projicio, 3: Caes.: 
Cic. Il. Zodevisea pian: (consilium) 
capio, ineo, etc.: Vv. TO FORM (Y.). 
B, Intrans.: to gut out, pro- 
trude: 1, émineo, ui, 2: to p. (stand 
out) from the surface of the earth, ex 
terra e., Cic. Div. 1. 42, untt.: the spear 
p.d through his ribs, (ut) per costas 
hasta emineret, Liv. 8, 7, med.: Caes.: 
Ov. Esp. imperf. part. as adj.: v. PRO- 
JECTING. 2. promineo, ui, 2: (the 
town) p.s right into the sea, prominet 
penitus in altum, Liv. 37, 23, init.: 
teeth which p., (dentes) qui p., Plin. 11, 
37, 62: Caes. (N.B.—EKminere is sim- 
ply to stand out from; prominere im- 
plies forward projection.) 3. exsto, 
I (only in imperf. tenses: = emineo, 
esp. poet.): the weapon p.'d from his 
breast, exstabat ferrum de pectore, Ov. 
M. 9, 128: Caes. B. G. 5, 18 (capite solo 
ex aqua exstare, to have only the head 
above water in wading): Plin. 4. 
excurro, 3 (of land running out into the 
sea, or the like): v. TO RUN OUT. §, 
to cause to p., projicio, 3: to cause a 
building to p. (over another's ground), 
aedes p., Cic. Top. 4, fin. 
projectile: missile telum; or sim- 
ply, missile: v. MISSILE. In mechanical 
phil., *(corpus) quod projicitur; or as 
t. t., *projectile, is, n. (after anal. of 
Mnissile). é iS 
projecting (adj.) : 1, éminens 
ntis: p. promontories, promontoria e., 
Caes. B. C. 2, 23: cheeks p. slightly, 
leniter e. genae, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143. 
2. prominens, ntis (prominent): p. 
eyes, p. oculi, Plin. 11, 37, 53. (in Cic. 
Vat. 4, init., eminentes oculi, are eyes 
standing out with fury.) 3. pro- 
jectus (usu. of places): a city p. into the 
sea, urbs p. in altum, Cic. Verr. 4, 10, 
init.: also absol., Virg. Aen. 3, 699. 
projection: 1. expr. by emineo, 
exsto, etc.: no p. of any kind, nihil 
omnino quod eminet: v. TO PROJECT 
(B.). 2, projectum (of a building) : 
Javol. Dig. 50, 16, 242: Ulp. 3. pro- 
jectira (also in building): Vitr. 3, 2, 7. 
4. prominens (esp. of @ coast): on 
a p.of the shore, in prominenti litoris, 
Tac. A. I, 53. 
projector : 
AUTHOR. 
proletariate; prolétarii, orum: Cic. 
ep. 2, 22. 
prolific; fécundus: nothing more 
p. than the swine, sue nihil fecundius, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160. Or expr. by abl. 
of quality: insigni fecunditate, Tac. A. 
I, 41. See also FERTILE, PRODUCTIVE. 
prolix : 1. verbosus (wordy. 
lengthy): a p. (lengthy) epistle, epistola 
v., Cic. Fam. 9, 3, extr.: ef. Quint. 4, 2, 
79, expositio longior .... et paulo ver- 
bosior: Suet. Phr.: not to be p. over 
a well-known matter, ne in re nota 
multus sim, Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358. (N.B. 
—Multus in this sense, can oniy be used 
of persons; verbosus of persons or 
things ; as speeches, etc.) 2. longus 
(not in itself implying a fault, but from 
the context): p. in narrative, l. in nar- 
rationibus, Tac. Or. 22, med.: Cic.: v. 
TEDIOUS. 8, prolixus (late in this 


auctor (consilii): v. 


a 


—— 


PROLIXITY 





sense): Maer. Sat. 3, 7, fin. (cujus ex- 
emplum, ne sim) prolixus, omisi). 
prolixity: expr. by adj.: above all 
things, you must avoid p., *prae omni- 
bus rebus (maxime omnium) cavendum 
est, ne longus (verbosus, multus) sis; 
ne verbosiore, quam necesse sit, exposi- 
tione utaris. (Verbositas, prolixitas, v. 
late and best avoided.) 
prolixly: verbodsé: Cic.: Quint, 
prologize: prolégum dico: v. PRO- 
Locue. (Or use Greek, mpodoyiGopat.) 
prologue: prologus: Ter.: Quint. 
prolong: 1. prodiico, xi, ctum, 3 
(to carry on something for a length of 
time): to p. a banquet till late in the 
night, convivium ad multam noctem p., 
Cic. Sen. 14, 46: Hor. Also, simple 
verb, duco, 3 Caes.: Cic.: v. TO PKO- 
TRACT. 2. propago, « (to cause to 
continue): to p. the existence of the 
common ‘ealth for many ages, multa 
secula reipublicae p., Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 
11: to p. a command for a year, im- 
perium in annum p., Liv. 23, 25, extr. 
8. prordgo, 1 (esp. to p. a period 
of commund: the technical word): 
to p. Caesar’s command, imperium 
Caesari p., Cic. Ph. 2, 10, 24: Front. 
Also in gen. sense: the planet Venus p.s 
the duylight, Veneris sidus lucem p., 
Plin. 2, 8,6§ 36. Join: prorogure et 
extendere, Plin. alt 4, extendo, di, 
tum and sum, 3. ¢o p. revels till mid- 
night, ad medias noctes comissationes 
ex., Suet. Tit. 7: Liv. (Proferre = to 
postpone: in Cic. Fin. 3, extr., pertulisset 
appears to be the true reading.) (N.B.— 
No such word as prolongo.) 
prolongation : 1, propagatio : 
Cic. Vusc. 1, 35, extr. (p. vitae). a 
prorogatio (of term of office): Liv. 8, 


26, extr. (Or expr. by verb: v. To 
PROLONG.) . f 

prolonged (adj.): diiturnus: v. 
LONG. 


prolusion: prolisio: Cic. 
promenade (subs.): |, Thewalk: 
ambilatio: Cic. Fin. 5, init. Dimin. 
ambulatiuncula (rare): Cic. I. The 
: _ ], xystus (usu. planted with 
trees, and used for discussion, recveation, 
etc.): Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 9: Plin. Ep. >: 
ambilatio (any place for walking): Cic. 
Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1: Varr. Dimin, ambula- 
tiuncula (rare): Cic. 
promenade (v.): 1, spatior, 1: 
Cic. Opt. Gen. 3, 8 (in xysto): Hor. 
2. ambiilo, I: Vv. TO WALK. } 
prominence A. That which 
prominency § projects: éminentia: 
Plin. 37, 10, 63. See also PROJECTION. 
I]. Vhe quality of being prominent : 
expr. by adj. or verb: v. foll. artt. 


prominent: |, Lit: 1, pro- 
minens, ntis: Plin.: v. PROJECTING 


(2). Dimin. prominiilus (slightly p.): 
stomach rather p., venter prominulus, 
Capitol. Pert.12: Mart. 2, éminens: 
V. PROJECTING (1). To be p., promineo, 
émineo: v. TOPKOJECT (B.). |, Fig.: 
expr. by exsto, émineo: cf. Cic. de Or. 
3, 26, 10%, exstare atque eminere, to 
stand out (as it were) and be p.; the 
metaphor being derived from the art of 
painting: cf. Quint. 2, 17, 21: the most 
p. features of an orator’s style, *quae 
Maxime in oratore exstant atque con- 
spiciuntur. Join: also, eminere et 
apparere, Cic. R. Am. 41, extr. 

prominently: Phr.: to stand out 
p. from the rest, *exstare atque eminere 
inter ceteros: that point (the speaker) 
brought p. forward, *eam rem tanquam 
caput quoddam orationis exposuit: de 
ea re ita disseruit ut quodam modo 
abe atque emineret: v. PROMINENT 

yey) 

promiscuous : 1, promiscuus 
(mized without distinction Sall.: Liv.: 
V. INDISCRIMINATE, MIXED. 2. indis- 
crétus (undistinguished): Cels.: Sen.: 
vy. foll. art. 3, miscellus, miscella- 
neus: v. MISCELLANEOUS. Phr.: to in- 
dulge in p. intercourse, *nulla certa 
conjugii lege corpora conjungere ; pro- 
miscuo concubitu uti. 


promiscuously : 1, prémiscué 


PROMONTORY 


without any distinction): Caes. B. G. 
» 21 (pr. in fluminibus perluuntur) : 
Cic. 2. indiscrété (rare): Plin.: 
Spart. (Also the adjj. may be used: cf. 
Sen. Clem. 1, extr., multos occidere, et 
indiscretos, to kill many and that p.: 
also Sall. Cat. 12, divina atque humana 
promiscua [=promiscue] nihil pensi 
neque moderati habere.) 3. témére: 
Vv. RANDOM (at). 4, sine ullo delectu: 
Cic. Agr. 2, 21, fin.: cf. non delectu 
aliquo, id. Plan. 4,9; sine delectu, Gell. 
20, §: nullo adhibito delectu, cf. Cic. de 
Or. 3, 37, 150. So, sine ulio [sexus] 
discrimine, Suet. Cal. 8. 
promiscuousness: expr. by nullum 
delectum adhibere, etc.: v. preced. art. 
promise (subs.): |. Words said: 
1, promissum: to keep p.s, p. ser- 
vare, Cic. Off. 3, 24, sqq.: also, promis- 
sum tacere, ib. 1, 10, intt.: to claim the 
Sulsilment of a p., p. exigere, ib. 3, 25, 
94: Hor. (Or use verb: to make a p., 
promittere: should he keep his p. or no? 
faciat quod promiserit, necne? Cic. Off. 
3, 24, 93: to make many ps, multa pro- 
mittere, etc.) 2. promissio (the act 
of promising): Cic. Fam. 4, 13, fin. 
(debebat esse ant promissio auxilii ali- 
cujus, aut consolatio doluris tui). 3. 
pollicitatio (strictly frequentative ; 
hence usu. pl. denoting repeated offers) : 
by large rewards and p.s, multis prae- 
miis p.que, Caes. B. G. 3, 18: Suall. 
4, often sufficiently definite, fides, 
éi (word or hon ur as pledged): to break 
a p. mae to an enemy (parole), fidem 
hosti datam fallere, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 29: so, 
f. violare, id. Rab. perd. 10, 28. (N.B.— 
In such phrr. as, to make this, that, one 
promise; to make many p.s, a sub- 
stantive must not be used, but instead a 
neuter adj or pron.: hoc, illud, unum, 
multa promittere, polliceri: v. TO PRO- 
MISE.) Il. “’rospect, likelihood : spes, 
éi: a young man of the highest p, ado- 
lescens summa spe [et animi et ingenii] 
praeditus, Cic. Ph. 2, 18, 46: adolescens 
non tam re et maturitate quam spe et 
expectatione laudatus. id. Or. 30, 107. 
promise (v.): |. To make a pro- 
mise: 1, promitto, misi, ssum, 3 
(usu. denoting a formal engagement, 
esp. in reply to an offer or challenge) : 
Cic.: Caes. Join: promittere ac reci- 
pere (promise and undertake), Cic. Fam. 
5, 8; promittere, recipere, spondere, id. 
Ph. 5,18, fin. 2, polliceor, 2 (to make 
a voluntary promise): the consul p.s 
the senute not to be wanting in his duty 
to the state, consul reipublicae se non 
defuturum p., Cues. B.C. 1,1: to p. the 
most extravagant things, maria mon- 
tesque p., Sall. Cat. 23: so, montes auri 
p., Ter. Ph. 1, 2,18. Foll. by inf. alone: 
qui sum pollicitus ducere (usu. me duc- 
turum), id. Andr. 3, 5, 7. Frequent. 
pollicitor, 1 (to p. repeatedly, make many 
promises): Ter.: Sall. 3, profiteor, 
2 (freely to offer; very like preced.): 
Vv. TO OFFER. Join: profiteri atque 
polliceri feuums studium ], Cic. Fam. 5, 
8, med. Phr.: to p. or threaten, spem, 
metum ostendere, id. Verr. 4, 34, 75. 
Il. To engage oneself in reply to an 
invitation: promitto, 3: Cic. de Or. 2, 
7, 27 (pr. ad aliquem). (By no means, 
polliceor.) Ill. Zo furnish hopes: 
Phr.- the crops p. well, *segetes largam 
(benignam) promittunt, ostendunt, spe- 
rare jubent messem (Kr.): @ youth who 
p-s well, adolescens summa spe praeditus 
(v. preced. art. fin.): he p.s to be a good 
general, *spem facit (ostendit) omnibus 
summum se ducem futurum (fore ut 
dux summus evadat). (Kr. gives, pro- 
mittit artificem miusicum, he p.s to bea 
musician; but the phr. appears to be 
without authority. 
promising (@j.): bona (maxima, 
summa) spe: V. PROMISE, fin. 
promissory note: chirographum 
(security under one’s own signature) : to 
give a p. note, chirographo obligare se 
ad praestandum, Callist. Dig. 46, 14, 3; 
SoU oi exhibere, cf. Gell. 14, 2, 


promontory: 1. promontorium: 


PRONE 





Caes. B, G. 3, 12 (in extremis lingulis 
p.que): Cic.: Liv. 2. prominens, 
ntis (rare): Tac. A. 1, 53 (in prominenti 
littoris). Also v. rare, prominentia: 
Sol. 3, liugula or ligila (a tongue 
of land running out into the sea): Caes. 
l.c. Also, in same sense, lingua: Liv. 
44, 11, tnt. 

promote: |. To advance to 
honour : 1, prového, xi, ctum, 3: 
would your merit have p.d you lo any 
honour? ecquo te tua virtus provexisset? 
Cic. Ph. 13, 11,24: so, ad [amplissimos] 
honores p., Suet. Caes, 72: Plin. min. 

2. promdveo, movi, tum, 2 (not so 

used in time of Cic.): to p. any one toa 
higher rank, aliquem in ampliorem gra- 
dum pr.,Suet. Oth. 1: Plin. min. (N.B.— 
Neither of the above shuuld be used 
absol., but toll. by ad honorem, ete.) 
Phr.: to p. friends to the highest 
honours, (amnicos) ad amplissimos honores 
perducere, Cic. Am. 20, 73 ( = secure 
their advancement): I cannot deny that 
Hirtius was p.d to honour by Caesar, 
negare nun possum a Caesare Hirtium 
ornatum, id. Ph. 13, 11, 24: lo be p.d 
JSrom the ranks to be a general, *ex gre- 
gario milite (manipulari) ducem fieri : to 
be pu from the ranks to the supreme com- 
mand, *per omues honorum gradus ad 
summam imperii evehi, ascendere. | J, 
To jurther, aid, jivo, adjivo, prosum: v. 
TO Alb, AssisT. Phr.: to seek to p. the 
good of one’s fellow-citizens, civibus 
cunsulere, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 853 utilitatem 
civium tueri, ib.: to seel to p. the arts, 
artes fovere, Suet. Vesp. 18. See also 
TO DEVOTE (oneself); srupy. Ill. To 
conduce to: expr. by iacio, prosum: vy. 
GOOD (adj. LI1., fin.). 

promoter: adjator: v. HELPER 
ABETTER. Sometimes, auctor: v. ORI- 
GUNATOR. 

promotion: |. Act of promoting: 
V. TO PROMOTE, ||. Honour, advance- 
ment: expr. by amplior gradus, honor; 
amplior honoris gradus: Vv. TO PROMOTE 
(1). (Promotio, v. late and bad.) 

prompt (adj.): 1, promptus 
(quick, ready): p. in action, p. in rebus 
gerendis, Nep. Them. 1; cf. promptus 
manu, Sall. Jug. 7, init.: also Cic. Br. 
42, 154, prompta et parata in agendo et 
in respondendo celeritas. 2. impiger, 
gra, grum (active, indefatigable): Cic.: 
Sall. See also QUICK. 3. matirus 
(not of persons): a p. decision, m. judi- 
cium, Cic. Caec. 3, init. Phr.: there is 
need of p. execution, opus est mature 
facto, Sall. Cat. 1, extr. 

prompt (v.) : |. To incite, move to 
action: incito, impello, etc.: v. TO IN- 
CITE, INSTIGATE, IMPEL. |]. To assist 
a speaker: subjicio, jéci, ctum, 3: Ter. 
Ph. 2, 3, 40 (si meministi, id quod olim 
dictum est subjice): Cic. Also in fig. 
sense: such language as indignation 
p-s, quae dolor subjicit, Liv. 3, 48, jin. 
(Suggero in this sense is doubttul: in 
Cic. Fin. 2,14, 44, extr., Orelli and Nobbe 
omit the clause, tuum est ut suggeras.) 

prompter: qui verba subjicit. 

promptitude : celeritas prompts et 
parata, Cic. Br. 42, 154. Or simply, 
celeritas, maturitas (the latter not in 
best authors: maturitas poenae, Suet. 
Tib. 61: Front.): v. QUICKNESS, Ba- 
pipiry. Phr.: nothing could exceed 
the p. of Caesar, *Caesare nihil potuit 
esse celerius. 

promptly: 1, prompt (not how- 
ever in best authors): Tac, A. 15, 52: 
Plin. min. 2, maturé (losing no 
time, speedily): Sall. Cat. 1, extr.: Cic.: 
V. SPEEDILY, QUICKLY. 

promptness: VY. PROMPTITUDE. 

promptuary : promptuarium (store 
house): Cato. 

promulgate: promulgo, 1 (to give 
public notwe of a bill or law): Cic.: 
Sall. See also TO PUBLISH, PROCLAIM. 

promulgation: promulgatio ( pub- 
lic notisication) ; Cic. See also PROPA- 
GATION. 

promulgator: praeco, praedicator: 
V. PROCLAIMER. 

prone: |. Leaning forward, with 

583 


PRONENESS 


PROPAGATE 


PROPERTY 





the face to the ground: pronus: he rolls 
p. on his head, p. volvitur in caput, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 115: Sall.Cat.1. See also 
HEADLONG. I]. Inclined to: 1. 
pronus (foll. by ad or in and acc.: in 
Cic., denoting natural tending towards 
rather than propensity properly so 
called): too p. to complaisance, in obse- 
quium plus aequo p., Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10: 
Suet.: cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 26, fr., anxitudo 
pr. ad luctum. 2, propensus, pro- 
clivis; Vv. INCLINED. (All the above 
words, like the Eng., are naturally most 
frequently used of evil tendency.) 
proneness: expr. by animus pro- 
pensus: v. INCLINED. See also pRO- 
PENsITy. Proclivitas, rare: Cic. Tusc. 
4, 12, 28. 
prong: dens, ntis, m.: v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. (I1.). Having two p.s, 
bidens (a tno-pronged fori), Virg. G. 2, 
400: Varr.: s0, with three p.s, tridens : 
Virg.: Val. Fl. 
pronominal : 
risc. 
pronoun: prondmen, inis, 2.: Quint. 
1,4,1%, vasz.: Prise. 
pronounce: |, Zoutter formally 
and authoritatively: pronuntio, 1: to 
p. sentence (as a judge), sententiam p., 
Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 37: also with ellipsis of 
sententiam; judex ita pronuntiavit, id. 
Off. 3, 16, 66: in same sense, sententiam 
dicere, Cic. Off. 1 c. paulo supr.: Phaedr. 
J, Io, 8 (Judicium facere = to form 
an opinion or judgment: jus dicere 
refers not to the passing of one parti- 
cular sentence, but to the administra- 
tion of justice.) Il. To utter, deliver : 
pronuntio, 1: Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261: 
Quint. 1,11. See also To DELIVER (1II.). 
I]. Zo articulate syllables: ib 
Enuntio, 1: to spell words in a different 
manner from that in uhich they are 
p.d, verba scribere aliter quam enun- 
tiantur, Quint. 1, 7, 28. (In this sense, 
also pronuntio, Gell. 4, 4, imit.: but 
enuntio is better.) 2%, loquor, lécttus, 
3 (sufficiently precise for ordinary lang.): 
they p.d as they spelt, sicut scribebant, 
etiam loquebantur, Quint. 1, 7, 13: Gell.: 
ef Cics Of i) 271133. 3. exprimo, 
pressi, ssum, 3 (with distinctness) : to p. 
each letter with affected nicety, litteras 
putidius exprimere, id. de Or. 3, 11, 41 
(opp. to litteras negligentius obscurare, 
to slur them over, in pronunciation) : cf. 
id. Off. 1, 37, 133, litterae erant neque 
expressae neque oppressae ( pronounced 
neither affectedly nor slovenly): Quint. 
1, 2,6. Phr.: top. a syllable with the 
acute accent, syllabam acuere, Gell. 7, 7, 
extr.: to p. letiers too broadly, \itteras 
dilatare, Cic. Br. 74, 259. (N.B.—The 
‘passive may often be expr. by sno, I : 
I think each word should be spelt as tt is 
p.d, ego sic scribendum quidque judico, 
quemadmodum sonat, Quint. 1, 7, 30.) 
Cf. foll. art. 
pronunciation: |. Delivery, ut- 
terance : ], pronuntiatio: Quint. 11, 
3 (“de pronuntiatione,” s. actione): Cic. 
2. appellatio (enunciation): a soft 
(pleasing) p., lenis a. litterarum, Cic. 
r. 14, 259 (so, suavitas litterarum ap- 
pellandarum, ib. 35, 133).- 3, meton. 
os, Oris, n. (utterance): tocorrect faults 
of p. (e.g. a broad or affected way of 
speaking), oris vitia emendare, Quint. 
I, 11, 4 (So, vitia oris et linguae, ib. 1, 5, 
32): a distinct p., os explanatum, id. 
II, 3, 30: a bad foreign p., Os in pere- 
grinum sonum corruptum, ib. 1, I, 13. 
4, explanatio (distinct p. or utter- 
ance): ib. 1, 5,33: Plin. §, prolatio 
(act of uttering): Liv, 22, 13, med. 
(Punicum abhorrens os ab Latinorum 
nominum brolaioue I]. 4ore of 
enunciating particular words or syl- 
lables: perb. sénus, i: Quint. I, 5, 33. 
Usu. better expr. by verb: to write 
words according to their p., verba sicut 
sonant scribere; verba sicut loquimur 
scribere, etc.: v. TO PRONOUNCE en). 
proof (subs.) : |. That which 
proves or makes certain: 1, dodci- 
mentum: most convincing p.s, Maxima 
d., Sall. Cat.g to bea p.(of something), 
584 


prondminalis, e: 





documento esse (foll. by rel. clause), 
Caes. B. C. 3,10. (Documentum more 
freq. carries with it the sense of a lesson 
or instance from which one may learn.) 
2. argumentum (evidence, con- 
vincing token): that is a@ convincing, p. 
that, id magno a. est (foll. by acc. and 
inf.), Cic. Ph. 2, 16, 40: so, it is suf- 
Jicient p. that..., satis est argumenti, id. 
Quint. 12, extr. Join: [certissima] ar- 
gumenta atque indicia [sceleris], id. Cat. 
RmOneta 8, indicium (token, indi- 
cation ; esp. of guilt): p.s and traces of 
poison, ind. atque vestigia veneni, id. 
Clu. 10, 30: cf. supr. (2). Also in good 
sense, indicium benevolentiae, id. Fam. 
4, 6. 4, signum: v. SIGN. I. 4 
course or mode of demonstration: perh. 
ratio demonstrandi s. probandi: v. TO 
PROVE. Sometimes, argumentum may 
serve (when there is one main point in 
the demonstration) : so in pl., the points 
(leading heads) im a p., puncta argu- 
mentorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 41, 177: V. 
ARGUMENT. Ill. Act of proving: in 
phr., difficult of proof; difficile pro- 
batu: Cic. Tuse. 5, init.: a statement 
difficult of p., *quod vix satis firmis ar- 
gumentis probari possit: v. TO PROVE. 
IV. Trial; expérimentum, or expr. 
by experior, 4 (to make proof of): Vv. 
TRIAL; TO TRY. Phr.: armour of p., 
*arma quae usu comprobata sunt (?). 
V. Specimen sheet struck off by a 
printer: plagila: Schneider pref. Vitr.: 
Orell.: to correct p.s, p. corrigere. 
proof (adj.): expr. by verb: p. 
against argument, *quem nulla argu- 
menta movere possunt: p. against cor- 
ruption, *qui nullo pretio labefactari 
potest, cf. Cic. Clu. 68, 194: intrepidity 
p. against all terrors, *auimi praesentia 
quam nulli metus frangere neque debili- 
tare possunt: v. TO PREVAILON ; SHAKE, 
OVERCOME, etc. 
proof - sheets: v. 
(extr.). 
prop (swbs.): f. Lit: I, co- 
limen, inis, mn. (gable-prop, mainstay) : 
Vitr. 4, 2, init. 2. pedamen, péda- 
mentum (for vines to climb): Varr. 1, 
8: Col. 3, adminicilum (more ele- 
gant term=pedamen): Cic. N. D. 2, 
47, init. 4. statimen, inis, . (any 
kind of “upright”: Col. 4, 16, med. 
(=pedamentum): cf. ib. 6, 19. Il. 
Fig.: main support: columen: the p. 
of a family, c. familiae, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 
57: Cie.: Hor. Join: caput colu- 
menque [Romani imperii], Liv. 38, 51. 
Also praesidium may serve: ef. Hor. 
Od. 1, 1,2. Phr.: he is the only p. of 
the whole family, solus omnem familiam 
sustentat, Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 35: who is re- 
garded as the p. of the portico, qui fulcire 
putatur porticum Stoicorum, Cic. Ac. 2, 
24, 75. (Not adminiculum in this sense.) 
prop (v.): 1, fulcio, si, ltum, 4: 
to p. a vine, vitem f., Cic. Sen. 15, 52: 
Atlas who p.s up the heavens with his 
head, Atlas coelum qui vertice f., Virg. 
Aen. 4, 247. Comp. suffulcio, 4 (to sup- 
port from beneath): Lucr.: Mart. De 
pédo, 1 (im horticulture): to p. vines, 
vineas p., Col. 4, 12, init. 3. expr. 
to be p.’d by, innitor, subnitor (as it were, 
to lean upon: poet.): temples p.'d on 
columns vast, templa vastis innixa 
columnis, Ov. Pont. 3, 2, 49: so, sub- 
nixus, Cic. Rep. 6, 20. (N.B—These 
two verbs are chiefly used in present 
sense, in p. part. ; subnixus mostly fig. : 
V. RELYING ON.) 
propaganda: “Societas de propa- 
ganda bide”: Webster. 
propagate: A, Trans.: I. 
Lo reproduce. 1, propago, 1 (as hor- 
ticultural term, to propagate by a slip 
or layer put under earth): Varr. R. R. 
I, 40, extr.: Plin. 21, 10, 34 (lit.): Col. 
(N.B—In wider sense, propagare is 
rather to prolong or extend than simply 
to beget offspring: ct. Cic. Ph. 1, 6, 13, 
stirpem in quingentesimum annum pro- 
pagare, i.e. to continue the breed for 
five hundred years.) 2. expr. to be 
p.d by nascor, provénio, cresco: the 
hazel is p.d by slips, plantis coryli 


PROOF, subs. 





nascuntur, Virg. G. 2, 65: trees that 
p. themselves, sponte sua provenientes 
arbores, Plin. 17, imtt.: tobe p.d by seed, 
*seminibus jactis crescere. Phr.: trees 
which are p.d by grafting, quae (genera) 
inseruntur ex arboribus in arbores, Varr. 
R. R. 1, 39, fin.; by layers, quae ex 
arboribus demittuntur in terram, ib, 
||. Zo spread : 1, vulgo, 1: to 

p. disease, morbos v., Liv. 3, 6, ad init. : 
Curt. 9, 10, med. 2, dissemino, 1 (to 
scatter as sm): this plague has been 
p.d more widely than could have been 
thought, latius opinione disseminatum 
est hoc malum, Cic. Cat. 4, 3, jin. See 
also TO SPREAD. Phr.: top. the Chris- 
tian faith in foreign countries, *apud 
exteras gentes fidem Christianam pro- 
pagare; exteras gentes docere et Chris- 
tiana doctrina impertiri. B, In- 
trans.: to reproduce kind: Phr.: the 
hare p.s very fast, *lepus animal est 
fecundissimum, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160: 
see also supr. (A., I., 2). 

propagation: |, In horticulture: 
propagatio (by layers): Cic. Sen. 15, 53: 
Col. Arb. 7, init. Or expr. by verb: v. 
TO PROPAGATE (A.). |]. Dissemina- 
tion: Vv. TO PROPAGATE. 

propel: 1, impello, puli, pulsum, 
3: top. a ship on rollers, navem scutulis 
subjectis i Caes. B. C. 3, 40: Virg. 

2. propello, 3: Cic. Tuse. 4, 5, imzt. 

(navem remis p.): Lucr. (Usu. rather, 
to drive or thrust forward in batile.) 

propeller: perh. impulsor (usu. fig. 
= instigator) ; or expr. by verb: v. TO 
IMPEL. 

propense: V. INCLINED. 

propensity: 1. proclivitas (rare): 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28, where it is used as 
special term to denote an evil tendency 
(haec in bonis rebus facilitas, in malis 
proclivitas nominetur). 2. cipiditas 
(a ruling desire, passion): the mind 
becomes enslaved by an evil p., animus 
se cupiditate devincit mala, ‘Ter. Heaut. 
I, 2, 34: to have the passions bridled, to 
control evil p.s, domitas habere libidines, 
coercere cupiditates, Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 
extr.: V. DESIRE, PASSION. (Still stronger 
than cupiditas is libido: cf. Cic. Off. 2, 
24, 84, tanta in eo peccandi libido fuit, 
such an inordinate propensity or passion 
for wrong-doing.) 8, often expr. by 
adj.: one person has a p. to one vice 
and another to another, animus alius ad 
alia vitia propensior, Cic. ‘Tusc. 4, 317, 81: 
to have a p. towards. .., anim esse pro- 
penso ad....: Vv. INCLINED. (N.B.— 
Various evil p.s may be denoted by spe- 
cial terms; as, p. to lying, mendacitas; 
to slander or reviling, maledicentia ; to 
drinking, vinolentia; ete.: where see 
the names of the several vices.) 

proper: |. Peculiar; not com- 
mon: proprius: v. PECULIAR. Esp. as 
gram. ¢t. t., p. nouns, nomina propria: 
Prise. 2, 5,22. Phr.: the p. significa- 
tion of words, proprietas (verborum), 
Quint. 8, 2, init. Il. Fit, suitable: 
aptus, accommédatus (ad aliquam rem) : 
v. FIT. Ill. Right, becoming: dé- 
corus: Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111: see also PRO- 
PRIETY. Jt is p.: décet, 2 (with acc. 
and inf.): it is not at all p. for an 
orator to get into a passion, oratorem 
minime decet irasci, Cic. Tusc. 4, 25, 
init.: so, dedecet (=non decet): v. 
BECOMING ; TO BECOME. See also RIGHT. 

properly : |. Strictly, in strict 
sense: proprié: Cic. Off. 3, 3,13 (proprie 
vereque): Gell. ||. Fitly, 2 ightly = 
apté, recté, commddé: v. RIGHTLY, WELL. 
Phr.: you have not acted p., non te 
dignum tecisti, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 25; *non 
quod decuit fecisti. f ' 

property : |. Special quality, 
peculiarity: propriétas (peculiarity or 
sum total of peculiarities) ; or expr. by 
proprius (esp. in phr., proprium est); 
etc.: V. FEATURE (II.); QUALITY. Il. 
What is possessed: ], béna, orum: 
io sell p. and confiscate the proceeds, 
bona vendere atque in publicum redi- 
gere, Liv. 4, 15, extr.: to squander one’s 
hereditary p.,b. patria abligurire, Ter. 
Eun. 2, 2, 4: cf. Cic. Par. 1,1,%. Join: 








PROPERTY-TAX 


bona, fortunac, possessiones, Cic. Caec. 





13, 38. 2, res, réi, f.: esp. in phr., 
res familiaris, private p., Caes. B. G. 1, 
18: also, res privata, Cic. Fam. 9, 7 (as 
opp. to state revenues), Or without adj., 
Cie. Cat. 2, 5, 10 (res eos jam pridem, 
fides deticere nuper coepit): Hor. 3: 
fortiinae (a larger and more compre- 
hensive term than either of preced.): 
money and p., pecunia fortunaeque, Cic. 
R. Am. 3, tit.: cf. id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12, 
M. Crassum qui illas fortunas (all that 
wealth and position) morte dimiserit. 
Less freq. sing.: what avails me p., if 
Imay not use it? quo mihi fortuna si 
non conceditur uti? Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12. 
See also FORTUNE, RICHES. 4, Census, 
iis: v. FORTUNE (LI1.,2). (N.B.—Some- 
times the word need not be expressed; 
as in the case of neuf. pl. of possess. 
prons.: &. §., my Pp. thy p., etc., mea, 
tua, etc.: J carry all my p. with me, 
omnia mea porto mecum, Cic. Par. 1, 1, 
8: also where a poss. case follows the 
verb sum: all thinys are the p. of the 
ag omnia sunt victoris: L. G. § 
266.) 

property-tax: Phr.: to impose a 
p. tax, tributum ex censu imponere, cf. 
Caes. B.C. 3, 32; to pay p. tax, tributum 
ex censu conferre, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, 
init. 


PBaG..'5; 50. 
Plin.: Gell. 8, carmen, Iuis, n. (in- 
freq. in prose: the reference being to 
the poetic form in which prophecies were 
spoken): Liv. 1, 45, ad jin. (id carmen 
pervenerat ad antistitem fani Dianae). 
Or expr. by verb: v.TO PROPHESY. —|j, 


The prophetic power: Phr.: the king | 


received the gift of p., *regi animus divi- 
nus futurorum@ue sagax injectus est. 
(Prophetia, Vulg. Rom. xii. 6.) 
prophesy : 1. vaticinor, 1: to p. 
in a@ state of phrensy, v. per furorem, 
Cic. Div. 1, 18, init.: Liv.: Ov. oF 
cano, cécini, cantum, 3 (prophecies being 
usually in verse: esp. poet.): he p.d, as 
Gf he had been) a seer, cecinit ut vates, 
Nep. Att. 16, extr. (used there to avoid 
repetition of praedico): Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 
18 (in a rhetorical passage; said of the 


gods, ut haec quae nunc fiunt canere | 


Dii viderentur): Liv. 1, 45, ad fin.: 
Virg.: Lib. 8. praedico, 3 (to fore- 
tell): V. TO PREDICT. _ 4, auguror, I: 
Vv. TO PREDICT (3). 5, in Scriptural 
sense, proéphétizo, 1: Vulg. Matt. xxvi. 
68; also, prophéto, 1: ib. 1 Cor. xiv. 15 
et pass. 

prophet : 1, vates, is, c. (in- 
spired seer or bard): Cic. Div. 1, 50, 
114, poet.: may I prove a false p., uti- 
nam falsus v. sim, Liv. 21, 10, med.: 
Nep.: Lucr.: Virg. (Cic. in place re- 
ferred to, uses vaticinantes as the prose 
equivalent of vates, pl.) 9, vatici- 


nator (rare): Ov. Pont. 1, I, 42. 3. 
fatidicus: Varr. L. L.6, 7,65: Vet. Lex 
in Cic. . 2, 8, 20. Im same sense, 


fatiloquus : Apul. 4, divinus ( for- 
tune-teller): Cic. Fat, 8, init. 5, esp. 
in Scriptural sense: prdphéta (one 
speaking on behalf of God, not neces- 
sarily predicting anything): Macr. Sat. 
7, 13, med. (sacerdotes (Aegyptiorum } 
quos prophetas vocant): Vulg. pass. 

prophetess : 1, vates, is, c.: 
Virg. Aen. 6,65: Hor. 2, fatiléqua: 
Liv. 1, 7, med. 8. divina (cf. PRO- 
PHET,4): Petr.7. 4, prophétis, idis : 
Vulg. Judic. iv. 4. 

prophetic : 1, divinus: a@ pre- 
saging and p. faculty in the soul, aliquid 
in animis praesagiens atque divinum, 
Cie. Div. 1, 37, extr. (cf. ib. tit, vis 
in animis divina): a bird p. of impend- 
ing rain, d. avis imbrium imminentium, 
Hor. Od. 3, 27, 10. Divinus is also some- 
limes used as subs.: V. PROPHET. Oe 








PROPITIOUS 


vaticinus (rare): p. books, libri v.,S, C. 
in Liv. 25, 1, extr.: Ov. 8. fatidicus 
(rare except poet.): Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 18 
(f. anus): p. Themis, f. Themis, Ov. M. 
I, 321: Virg. Less freq. fatiloquus: 
Liv. 1, 7 (where it is subs.). 4 
praesagus (inwardly foreboding) : mind 
p. of ill, p. mens mali, Virg. Aen. Io, 
843: Ov. 5, préphéticus (v. PRo- 
PHET, 5): Tert.: M. L. 

prophetically ; ut vates: Nep Att. 
16, extr. Or the part. of vaticinor may 
be used in apposition (cf. L. G. § 343): 
thus p. he spoke, haec locutus est vati- 
cinans;: V. TO PROPHESY. 

propinauity : v. NEARNESS. 

propitiate : 1, placo, 1: to p. 
the power of the gods, numen deorum p., 
Caes. B. G. 6, 16: also, placare (donis] 
iram deorum, Vet. Lex in Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 
Jin. Q. propitio, 1 (to render gra- 
cious; whereas placo is rather to allay 
anger: not in the best authors): to p. 
by every kind of atonement, per ormnia 
piaculorum genera p., Suet. Oth. 7: ‘Tac. 

3. pio, expio, 1 (more freq., to atone 

for, expiate guilt): to p. the manes of 
the dead, manes mortuorum expiare, 
Cic. in Pis. 7, 16: Virg. (ossa piare) : 
Hor. (Sometimes lenire or mitigare 
{iram deorum] may serve: v. to Pa- 
CLFY, ASSUAGE.) 4, lito, 1 (to offer 
propitiatory sacrifices; with dat. : rare 
in this use): Cic. Fl. 38, 96: Macr.S. S. 
I, 7, tit. (absol.). 

propitiation: |. Zheact: 1, 
placatio: Cic. N. D. 3, 2, 5. 9. litatio 
(successful p.): Liv. 27, 23, med. (per 
dies aliquot majores hostiae sine litatione 
caesae, diuque non impetrata pax deo- 
rum): Macr. Or expr. by expiatio 
(sceleris): v. EXPIATION. (More freq. 
expr. by verb: Vv. TO PROPITIATE.) — |]. 
The means: 1. piacilum (offering 
to atone): to offer a pig as @ p., porco 
piaculo facere, Cato R. R. 139; also, 
porco piaculum pati, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 
extr.: Tac. A. 15, 44. 2. placamen, 
inis, n.: Liv. 7, 2 (coelestis irae placa- 
mina): Sil. Also, placamentum (pre- 
ferable form in sing.): Tac. A. 15, 44: 
Plin. (Propitiatio only in late Lat. of 
Vulg., 1 Joh. it. 2; unless indeed it be 
so used, Macr. S. S. 1,7, iit., litatio 
propitiationis. Propitiatorium in Isid. 
Or. 15, 4, corresponds to Gk. tAaammptov, 
and denotes a part of the ark of the 
Temple. ) 

propitiator : propitiator : Hier. 

propitiatory (adj.): 1, _placa- 
bilis, e: Lact. 4, 28, med. (p. hostia, one 
adapted topropitiate). 2, placatorius: 
Tert. (hardly to be followed). P. offer- 
ings, piacula, placamenta, etc.: v. PRO- 
PITIATION. 

propitiatory (subs.): i. e. (strictly) 
the upper cover of the ark: propitiato- 
rium: Isid. Or. 15,4: Vulg. Hebr. ix. 5. 

propitious : 1. vrépitius (fa- 
vourable, kind): so may the gods be p. 
to me! ita deos mihi velim propitios ! 
Cic. Div. Verr. 13, 41. (But propitius 
does not carry with it that notion of 
superhuman agency which mostly be- 
longs to the Eng.) 9, aequus (esp. 
poet.): Venus p. tothe Teucrians, aequa 
Venus Teucris, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6: Hor.: 
cf. Cic. Or. 10, 34 (aequus placatusque). 

3, praesens, ntis (ready and potent 

to aid): p. Mercury, p. Mercurius, Hor. 
S. 2, 3, 68: Ov.: cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28 
(tantus et tam p. Deus). 4, faustus 
(not of persons): V. AUSPICIOUS. 5. 
sécundus (poet.): Virg. Aen. 4, 45. 
Join: praesentes ac secundi [dii], Liv. 
5,26, med. (Often expr. by a verb; as, 
favere, adesse, aspirare: the gods being 
p., faventibus diis, Suet. Gal. 10: be p., 
ye gods, to my undertaking ! Di coeptis 
aspirate meis! Ov. Met. 1, 3.) See also 
FAVOURABLE. Phr.: the victims (omens) 
are p., litatur: usu. with dat. of the 
deity to whom the victim is offered: the 
omens in some cases are p., in others not 
so, litatur aliis, aliis non litatur, Cie. Div. 
2,17, init.: also the act. may be used: 
to Manlius the omens had been extremely 
p., Manlium egregie litasse, Liv. 8, 





PROPOSE 


propitiously : expr. by propitius, 
favens, praesens, etc. (cf. L. G. § 343): 
attend, propitiously, O Tegean! adsis, 
O Tegeaee, favens! Virg. G. 1, 18: cf. 
Ov. M. 7, 177, modo diva triformis ad- 
juvet, et praesens ingentibus adnuat 
ausis. See also AUSPICIOUSLY. Phr.: 
to look or smile p. on, favere, adspirare : 
V. PROPITIOUS. 

propitiousness : expr. by adj. 

proportion (subs.) : 1. portio, 
dnis, 7. (to be used in all adverbial phrr., 
though not capable of standing as equi- 
valent for the Eng. in technical sense : 
cf. infv.): in p. (preportionally), pro 
portione, Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 46: im p. to 
the (magnitude of the) sulgect, pro p. 
rerum, id. de Or. 2, 79,320: ina certain 
(defined) p., pro rata p., [also, pro rata 
parte), Plin. 11, 15, 15: lo observe the 
same p., eandem servare p., Curt. 7, 11, 
med. 2. only as technical term, pro- 
portio, Onis (a coinage ventured by Cic, 
alter the Gk., avadoyia): Cic. Tim. 4, 
| jin. (audendum est enim, quoniam havc 
primum a nobis novantur): Varr. L. L. 
10, init. (where however only the form 
| proportione, occurs: which need imply 
no nom. case proportio): Vitr. 3, 1, mut. 
(thus defined, Proportio est ratae partis 
membrorum in omni opere totiusque 
commodulatio, ex qua ratio efficitur 
| symmetriarum). 3, expr. by ritio 
(relation) with depend. gen.: the p.s (of 
measurement) which appear to be ne- 
cessary in all works, mensurarum ra- 
tiones quae in omnibus operibus videntar 
necessariae esse, Vitr. 3,1, 53 cf. ib. $ 1, 
ratio symmetriarum. 4, symmetria 
(due measurement of the parts of @ 
Jigure or worl: in relation to each other 
and the whole): Vitr. 1, 2, 3.8q.: Plin.: 
v. SYMMETRY. Phr.: to be in perfect p. 
(of the parts of a building), convenien- 
tissimum habere commensuum respon- 
sum, Vitr. 3, 1, 3. cf. ib. § 4, ita natura 
composuit corpus hominis, uti pro por- 
tionibus membra ad summam ejus figu- 
rationem respondeant: to promise [so 
much) to the privates, and in p. to the 
centurions, [tantum) militibus polliceri, 
et pro rata parte centurionibus, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 17, jin.: Cic.: the subs. is 
sometimes omitted (not in Cic.), whence 
we get, pro rata: Liv. 45, 40, med. — 

proportion, in: pro rata portione 
(parte): v. PROPORTION. 

proportion (v.): pro portione [ali- 
cujus rei] facere, describere, ete.: Vv. 
subs. 

proportional: expr. by pro portione 
(parte): v. PROPORTION. (Proportionatis, 
only as math. ¢. t.) 

proportionally / 

proportionately § et: Vv. PKO- 
PORTION. 

proportioned : 1, convéniens, 
ntis : Vier. 3, I, 3 (ad summam....ha- 
bere convenientissimum commensvwum 
respousum). 9, aequalis et con- 
gruens (well-p.): Suet. Tib. 68. Plixs: 
to be perfectly p. to the entire appear- 
ance of the figure, ad universam figurae 
speciem habere commensus exactionem, 
Vitr. 3, 1, 43 also, respondere, ib.: an 
exordium p. to the magnitude of the 
subject, principia orationis pro portione 
rerum posita, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 320. 
(Proportionatus, very late and rare: 
satis p. corpus, Firm. Math.) 

proposal: 1, conditio: to make 
a p., that, c. ferre, ut..., Cie. Fam. 16, 
12: Coel. ib. 8, 14: to refuse a p., Cc 
| respuere, Caes. B. G. £,42: le accept p.s, 
conditiones accipere, Cic. Lc. A 
postiilatum, usu. pl. (implying a claim 
of vght or conceived as such): to carry 
sucn p.s to any one, postulata ad ali- 
quem deferre, Caes. B. C. 1, 9: cf. Nep. 
Alcib. 8, med. 

propose: |. Zo bring forward, 
esp. in an assembly : 1, fro, 3, irr.: 
esp. in phrr. ferre legem, to p. a law, Cic. 
Off. 2, 21, 73: also without legem ex- 
pressed, ad populum f, ut..., id. Ph. 2, 
43, 110: and, ferre conditiones, to p. 
terms: Vv. PROPOSAL. Also, aliquem 
judicem f., to p. as a judge, a Com. 

585 








pro portione, 








PROPOSER 





15,45. 2, esp. of the tribunes, régo, 
1 (to ask the consent of the peopie to a 
law): whatever law the tribunes p. to 
the plebs, quod [tribuni] plebem rogas- 
sint, Vet. Lex in Cic. Leg. 3, 3,9: also 
used of the laws proposed by other ma- 
gistrates, cf. id. Phil. 1, 10, fin. : whence 
the phr. uti rogas (U. R.) in voting for 
a law. (Not proponere legem in this 
Bense : Vv. TO PUBLISH.) 3. pono, 
posui, itum, 3 (in discussion, to lay 
down or advance a thesis for discus- 
sion): to p. a small question, quaesti- 
unculam p., Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 102: ef. id. 
Tusc. 1, 4,7. [J]. Zo make a proposal: 
Phr.: conditionem ferre: v. PROPOSAL. 
See also TO OFFER. ll. Zo have in 
view: expr. by, in animo est (mihi), 
Cogito, etc.: V. TO INTEND. 
proposer: 1, lator (legis, roga- 
tionis): Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10: Liv. Also 
absol., Caes. B. C. 1, 5. 2. rogator 
(legis: extr. rare in this sensr): Lucil. 
in Non. 383.14. (Or the imperf. part. of 
Togo, except in nom. sing.: v. L. G 
638.) 8. usu. better, auctor (origi- 
nator, promoter): the p. of a plan, a. 
consilii, Caes. B G. 6, 31 p. (as opp. to) 
suppo: ter of a law, legis auctor, suasor, 
Liv. 6, 36, med. (But auctor legis is 
more freq. the same as suasor: cf. Cic. 
Leg. 3, 16, init., neque lator quisquam 
est inventus, nec auctur unquam bonus, 
neither proposer...nor supporter.) 
proposition : |. Proposal: con- 
ditio: v. PROPOSAL. I]. A measure 
proposed in a legislative o1 other body: 
1, sententia (in the senate): to voie 
for anybody’s p., pedibus in sententiam 
alicujus ire, Sall. Cat. 50: a decree of 
the Senate was passed, adopting my p., 
factum est S. C. in meam s., Cic. Att. 4, 
Tt, med. (Rrlatio is strictly the laying 
of amatter before the Senate; also, esp. 
in later writers, by meton. = sententia: 
ef. Tac. 14, 49, non ideo consules muta- 
vere relationem: also, Liv. 32, 22, med. ; 
and Cic. in Pis. 13, inzt.) 2. rogatio 
(a proposal to the people to pass a law ; 
hence, the measure so proposed ; a bill) : 
Cic. Clu. 51, 140, et pass.: Caes.: Liv. 
3. expr. by féro, 3, irr. (to make a 
p. to the people): foll. by, ad populum, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 43, 110: or absol., he made 
no p. about the trial, nihil de judicio 
ferebat, id. Snll. 22, 63. So with re- 
ference to the Senate, référo (cf. supr.), 
to lay a matter before the Senate, whe- 
ther a distinct motion be propounded or 
not: Sall.: Cic. —[J._ Sugyestion or 
recommendation : consilium: v. PLAN, 
COUNSEL. IV. In logic: 1, pro- 
nuntiatum (Gr. afiwua): Cic. Tusce. 1, 7, 
14: Gell. In same sense, enuntiatum : 
Cic. Fat. 9, 193 2. propositio: Quint. 
1, 1,9, sqq-: M.L. (In Cic. Inv. 1, 37, 
67, propositio is the main proposition or 
major premiss of a syllogism.) 3 
thésis, is, f. (Gr. Oars" p. advanced for 
discussion): Quint. 3, 5, 11. (instead 
of theses, we find Gr. @¢uara, ib. 7, 1, 43 
for which it is stated Cic. used proposita, 
lc.) Phr.: tolay down a p. for dis- 
cussion, ponere quid, Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 7. 
V. In mathematics, etc.: proposi- 
tio: M. L. pass. 
propound : |. Zo make formal 
announcement of : promulgo, 1: to p. a 
measure, rogationem ad populum p., 
Sall. Jug. 40, init.: or without ad 
populum: Cic. Att. 1, 14, 3: etc. Il. 
To give forth, state: edo, expono, pono: 
v. TO UTTER, STATE. 
proprietary (adj.): Phr.: a p. 
school, *schola quae in modum societatis 
mercatoriae constituta est. Or for bre- 
vity, *schola proprietaria. 
proprietor: déminus: Cic. Off. 1, 
3y, 139: Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 48. (For the 
difference between dominus and pos- 
SeSSOr, V. OWNER.) 
proprietorship : 
OWNERSHIP. 
proprietress; démina: cf. PROPRIE- 
SOR. 


ddéminium: v. 


propriety: i.e. fitness, accordance 

with what is proper: 1, decorum 

°=Gk. ms mperov’ that which is agree- 
58 


PROSE-WRITER 


able to our conceptions of human beings 
as superior to brutes, Cic, Off. 1, 27, fin.) : 
to observe p.,d. servare, ib. 28, init. 
perh. convénientia (accord, conformity) : 
with depend. gen.: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 28, 
100, convenientia conservatioque natu- 
rae, i.e. propriety and naturalness : Vv. 
FITNESS. Or expr. by convenire, con- 
gruere: there is a p. about this speech 
considering the person to whom it is 
| assigned, *conveniunt haec apte ad per- 
sonam loquentis: v. TO AGREE. With p., 
decenter (= ut decet): Hor. A. P. 92: 
| Quint. 11, 1, 79 (décore, in a graceful or 
becoming manner: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 
extr.): the orator must study p.,est quid 
deceat oratori videndum, Cic. Or. 21, 71. 
propulsion: expr. by verb: v. To 
PROPEL. 
prorogation: i.e. postponement : 
prordgatio (*parlamenti) : Cic. Mur. 23, 
med. (p. Maniliae legis): or, perb. pro- 
latio; but the former term appears pre- 
ferable. (For p. of Parliament, R. and 
A. give, comitia regni prolata; but the 
term comitia is quite out of place.) 
prorogue: prorogu, I. v. TO POST- 
pone. (N.B.—By no means protrudo, 
as R. and A.) 
prosaic: solutae orationi propior : 
v. PROSE. In this sense, Hor. uses, pe- 
dester (sermo), A. P. 95: also some- 
times, aridus, siccus, jejunus, frigidus, 
may serve: Vv, DRY, FLAT, JEJUNE. 
proscribe: proscribo, psi, ptum, 3: 
Cic. R. Am. 6, 16: Suet.: Vell. ‘The 
p. part. is used as subs : Cic, Verr. 2, I, 
47, 123 (in sing.): to include among the 
p.d, in proscriptorum numerum referre, 
Nep. Att.12. Desiderative, proscriptirio, 
4 (to hanker after p.ing), Cic. Att. 9, Io, 
med 


proscription: proscriptio: Cic. R. 
Am 53,153; Suet.: Vell. Orexpr. by 
verb: during the p., quum proscriberen- 
tur homines, Cic. R. Am. 6,16. (Later, 
proscriptura : not to be followed.) 

prose (subs.): 1, Oratio sdluita: 
Varr. L. L. 6, extr.: Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 
184 (see the place). So Ov. Tr. 4, Io, 
24, verba soluta modis. 2. prosa 
(with or without oratio, eloquentia: a 
post-Ciceronian term, and less elegant 
than preced.): Cadmus was the first to 
write p., Cadmus primus prosam [pror- 
sam, lan., this being the original spel- 
ling] condere instituit, Plin. 5, 29, 31: 
Vell.: Quint. (who uses prosa, absol.: 
Inst. 9, 4, 52). 3. Oratio is also used 
absol., in present sense (though it may 
be usu. better to add the defining word 
soluta): both in poetry and in p., et in 
poematis et in oratione, Cic. Or. 21, 70: 
cf. id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: Quint. 9, 4, 52. 

4, pédestris (quam Graeci vocant) 
oratio: Quint. 10, 1, 81: cf. Hor. A. P. 
g5 (where however pedestris sermo does 
not mean literally prose, but plain, 
prosaic diction). (N.B.—Though much 
used by modern Latinists, the phr. pe- 
destris oratio is bad except with such 





a qualification as in Quint. l.c.) Phr.: 
T fancied it was Terence being read in 
p.. Terentium metro solutum legi cre- 
didi, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 6. 

prose (adj.): 1, sdliitus (sc. modis, 
ormetris): history is a kind of p. poetry, 
historia est quodammodo s. carmen, 
Quint. 10, 1, 31: more freq. epith. of 
oratio: v. preced. art. 2. prosa (ori- 
ginally, prorsa. going right on, straight- 
Sorward): only with oratio or eloquen- 
tia: v. preced. art. 3. pédester, tris : 
p. histories, p. historiae, Hor. Od. 2, 12, 
g (simply = solutae modis): but see 
preced. art. fin. (N.B.—Avoid pro- 
saicus, prosarius: v. late.) 

prose (v.): ]. Lit.: pros scribo 
(post-Cic.): Quint. 9, 4, 52. Il. Zo 
talk tediously: Phr.: the other goes 
p.ing on, *pergit ille alter frigidissimas 
ineptias nectere: don’t p.! *ne longus 
fias ! 

prose-writer: prosae (orationis) 
scriptor: v. PROSE. (Prosaicus, v. late.) 
Or expr. by verb: he was the earliest p., 
primus prosam orationem condere in- 
stituit, Plin. 5, 29, 31 


PROSPECTUS 





prosecute : |. To carry out in 
order to complete : 1, exséquor, séci- 
tus, 3: to p. schemes, incepta ex., Liv. 30, 
4: more fully, ad extremum ex., Cic. 
Rab. Post. 2, 5 (to p. totheend), (N.B— 
Prosequor in this sense is incorrect.) 
2. perséquor, 3 (to follow out, exe- 
cute): to p. (a war) to the end, extrema 
p., Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 19. 3. insto, 
stiti, 1 (to press on with energy: with 
dat.): V. TO PRESS ON. See also, To 
FOLLOW UP, PERSEVERE. Phr.: to p. 
the war with the utmost application of 
zeal and resources, animo et opibus in 
bellum incumbere, Caes. B. G. 7, 77: he 
was p.ing his studies at Leyden, *Lug- 
duni Batavorum studiis operam dabat. 
Il. To enter on legal proceedings 
against: Phr.: judicio aliquem per- 
sequi, Cic. Fl. 21, 47: also, litem alicui 
intendere (to bring an action against 
any one): Vv. ACTION (V.); TO ACCUSE. 
prosecution : |. Carrying out: 
exsécitio: Tac. A. 3,31: Plin. Orexpr. 
by verb; esp. ger. or ger. part.: v. TO 
PROSECUTE (1.). I]. Legal: 1, ac- 
cUsatio: v. ACCUSATION, 2. rare, 
exsécutio (delicti mot hominis): Ulp. 
Dig. 49; 1, 1) Gua 8. délatio (sc. 
bominis): to entrust the £. to any one, 
alicui d. dare, Cic. Div. Verr. 15, 49: 


Tac. 4. expr. by actio: v. ACTION 
(V.). Counsel for the p., accusator: v. 
ACCUSER. 


prosecutor: accusator; actor (one 
who brings an action), pétitor (plain- 
tiff): v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. actor. 

prosecutrix: accusatrix, actrix, pét- 
itrix: cf. preced. art. 

proselyte: proselytus, f. -a: Vulg. 
Matt. xxiii. 15, etc.: Serr. Eccl. See 
also DISCIPLE. 

proselytism: Phr.: we hate p. 
*nolumus proselytos facere, et studiosos 
nostrae sectae conciliare. 

proselytize: prdselytos facere: cf. 
Vulg. Matt. xxiii. 15. 

prosodiacal: prosoddiacus : 
Gr. See also, METRICAL. 

prosodian: *rei prosodiacae (me- 
tricae) peritus (homo). 

prosody; ‘*prdsddia (strictly the 
accent or tone of a syllable; and so 
used by Varr. in Gell. 18, 12: cf. id. 13, 
6, where as in Quint. the word is written 
as Gk., mpoowdiac): M. L. (Or by cir- 
cuml., doctrina s. res prosodiaca [not, 
prosodica, as R. and A., after Kr.]) 
E prosopopoeia: prosdpopoeia: Quint. 
nos 

prospect : |. View of things 
within reach of the eye: prospectus, us 
(to be used with caution): he scans the 
whole p., omnem p. petit (oculis), Virg. 
Aen. I, 181: (@ house) with a fine p., 
pulcherrimo p., Auct. pro dom. 44, 116. 
(But the word denotes strictly, out-look 
or power of seeing to a distance, not the 
scene itself which the eye surveys.) Usu. 
better expr. by prospicio, 3: the dining- 
room commands a wide p. of the sea, 
coenatio latissimum mare p., Plin. Ep. 
2, 17, 12: Hor. Ep. 3, 10, 23. Or fre- 
quent. prospecto, 1: a place commanding 
a wide p., locus late prospectans, Tac. 
H. 3, 60: Phaedr. Phr.: to block up 
any one’s p. (build before his lights), 
luminibus alicujus obstruere, Auct. pro 
dom. 44, ITs. Il. Anticipation of the 
Suture: spes, i, f. (may be used of evil 
as well as of good): actual circumstances 
bad, p.s far worse, mala res, spes multo 
asperior, Sall. Cat. 20. but much more 
freq. of good: there is not even ap. of im- 
provement, ne s. quidem ulla ostenditur 
fore melius, Cic. Att. 11, 11: to afford a 
P. of..., spem afferre ut..., id, Am. 19, 

8 


Scrr. 


prospective: expr. by in futurum 
(adv. phr.): v. PHRASE. 

prospectively: in futurum s. pos- 
terum tempus, etc.: Vv. FUTURE (aq). and 
subs.). Or expr. by, posteritatis Tra- 
tionem habere: ef. Caes. B. G. I, 13. 

prospectus: perh. titilus or index 
(the former being used of various super- 
scriptions, notices, etc.; the latrer, of 
titles of books. catalogues, etc., cf. Gierig 


PROSPER 


ad Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 2): vy. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. 
prosper: |, Trans: 1, séc- 
undo, 1 (poet.): Virg. Aen. 7, 259 (di 
nostra incepta secundent): Lucan. 2, 
prospéro, 1 (poet. or late): Tac. H. 4, 
53 (deos precatus, uti coepta prosper- 
arent): Hor. 8, fortiino, 1 (to crown 
with good fortune: archaic): the gods 
will p. your schemes, di fortunabunt 
vostra consilia, Pl. Trin. 2, 4,175: Cic. 
Fam. 2. 2 and 15, 7, in both which cases 
the language partakes of the archaism 
of forms of prayer. Phr.: to p. the 
attempt at so great a work, orsis tanti 
operis successus prosperos dare, Liv. 
pref. extr. (Or expr. by, opibus, divitiis 
aliquem augere: according as God p.s 
you, *prout unumquemque vestrum Deus 
opibusauxerit.) |J, [ntrans.: Phr.: 
prospera fortuna uti; successus pros- 
peros habere ; etc.: v. TO SUCCEED. 
prosverity : 1, res sécnndae : 
Cic. Off. 1, 26, init. (opp. res adversae) - 
Hor. (Also, secundae fortunae: Cic. 
Sull. 23, extr.: the use of neut. pl., se- 
cunda, orum = s,. res, is poet.: Hor. Od. 
2, 10, 13.) 2, prospérae res: Cic. Br. 
3, 12 \p. res deinceps multae consecutae 
sunt, an unbroken succession of p.). 
Also, prospera fortuna: id. N. D. 3, 37, 
Jin. (opp. adversa). Neut. pl., prospera 
(rerum): Lucan 7, 107. 3. bonae 
res: Cic. Att. 12, 21: Laber. in Gell. to, 
17, extr. (sing.). 4. prospéritas (v. 
rare). Join: prosperitates secundae- 
que res, Cic. N. 1). 3, 36, extr. Phr.: 
in the height of (their) p., florentissimis 
rebus, Uaes. B, G. 1, 30. 
prosperous : 1, sécundus: p. 
issues of war, s. exitus belli, Hor. Od. 
4, 14, 38: esp. with res, fortunae (or 
sing.): V. PROSPERITY. 2, prospérus 
(prosper), a, um: p. issues, p. Successus, 
Liv. pref. extr. : sv, prosperrimus (N.B.— 
never prosperissimus) rerum eventus, 
Vell. 2, 122, fin.: very freq. with res or 
fortuna: v. PROSPERITY (2). 3, fldrens, 
ntis (in full prime): men p. and unim- 
paired, (bomines) f. atque integri, Cic. 
Pl. 35, 86: a commonwealth important 
and p., civitas umpla atque f., Caes. B. G. 
4,3. Phr.: when I was p., bonis meis 
rebus, Cic. Att. 12, 21: your beginnings 
are p., bene habent tibi principia, Ter. 
Ph. 2, 3, 82. See also SUCCESSFUL, FOR- 
TUNATE, AUSPICIOUS. 
prosperously: 1, prospéré: Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 18, 53: Vell.: Gell. Q, sé- 
cundé (v. rare): Cato in Gell. 7, 3, med. 
3. béné (gen. term): Join: bene 
et (atque) teliciter, Cic. Ph. 5, 15, 40: 
Ter. (Or expr. by adj.: all things 
would issue p., cuncta prospera eventura, 
Sall. Jug. 53: Cic.: cf. L. G. § 343.) 
prostitute (subs.) : . scortum 
(a person of either sex serving for lust: 
agross term): @ notorious p., nobile s., 
Liv. 39, 9: Cic.: Hor. 2. méretrix, 
icis, f. (milder term): Hor. S. 1, 2, 58: 
the commonest p.s, vulgatissimae m., 
Suet. Dom. 22: Cic. 3. prostibilum 
(rare): Pl: Arn. 4. prostitita: 
Plin. 39, 2, 5. Phr.: a common p., 
(femina) vulgato corpore, Liv. 1, 4: to 
be a p., corpore quaestum facere, Pl. 
Poen. 5, 3, 21: cf. Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 52, 
quaestum occipere (to take to prosti- 
tution); also, prostare, Suet. Tib. 435 
meretricium facere, Suet. Cal. 42. 
prostitute (v.): |. Lit: ik; 
vulgo, 1: to p. the body for hire, corpus 
pretio v., Aur. Vict. Orig. ad fin.: Liv. 
I, 4. 2. publico, 1: Pl. Bac. 4, 7, 22. 
8. prostituo, i, itum, 3 (to expose 
For hire): to p. oneself, p. pudicitiam 
suam, Suet. Ner. 29: Ov. Am. I, 10, 42 
(p. faciem suam lucro). (Softened expr., 
parum honeste pudicitiam habere, Sall. 
Cat. 14: cf. ib. 13, pudicitiam in pro- 
patulo habere, i.e. expose it for sale.) 
4, to p. oneself, prosto, stiti, statum, 
1: Juv. 1, 47: Sen. Contr. I. Vo de- 
vote to base uses: Phr.: hep.d his talents 
to the praise of a tyrant, *bonum ingen- 
ium suum turpiter ad tyrannum lau- 
dibus extollendum contulit: see also To 
DISGRACK. 





PROTECT 


PROTEST 





prostitution : 1, mérétricius 
quaestus: Cic. Ph. 2, 18, 44: cf. id. Verr. 
3, 3,6, meretricia disciplina (as it were 
reduced to a system): also quaestus is 
used absol., Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 52 (of course 
only where the context defines). a 
mérétricium: only in phr., m, facere, 
to practise p., Suet. Cal. 40. 3. pros- 
tititio (late and rare): Arn. 2, 16, p. 
53 (p. corporum). hr.: to defray 
enormous expenses out of the wages of 
p., ingentes sumptus stupro corporis 
tolerare, Sall. Cat. 24. (For fig. sense, 
see verb.) 

prostrate (v.): |. To throw down 
and level with the ground : 1, sterno, 
stravi, tum, 3 (esp. poet.): to p. men in 
slaughter, viros caede s., Virg. Aen. Io, 
11g: Tib.: Liv. 9. déjicio, 3: v. 79 
CAST DOWN. |]. As verb refi., te pros- 
trate oneself ; throw oneself on the 
ground, esp. in token of humiliation: 
Phr.: top. oneself at any one’s feet, se 
ad pedes alicujus projicere, Cic. Sext. 11, 
jin.; prosternere (stronger), id. Ph. 2, 
18, 45; alicui se ad pedes provolvere 
(more properly, of the action of a num- 
ber of persons), Liv. 6, 3, ad init. (so, ad 
genua consulis provolvuntur, id. 34, II, 
med.) ; procumbere alicui ad pedes, Caes. 
B. G. 7, 15 (so, ad genua alicujus, Liv. 
25, 7, mit.; genibus, Ov. Met. 13, 585); 
ad pedes alicujus procidere (rare), Hor. 
Epod. 17. 13 (somewhat differently, Cic. 
Att. 1, 14, 6, ad pedes omnium singu- 
latim accidente Clodio, i.e. he goes down 
on his knees before each; whereas pro- 
cidere is to fall fiat on the ground; so, 
ad genua alicui accidere, Suet. Caes. 
20). top.oneself ut another's knees (also), 
genibus alicujus advolvi, Vell. 2, 80: 
Liv. See also foll. art. Ili. Zo break 
down the strength of: 1, affligo, xi, 
ctum, 3 (lit. to strike down): to p. the 
mind and paralyse it with fear, animos 
a. et debilitare metu, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34. 
Join: (also), enervare et affligere, id. 
Sen. 10, 32. 9. debilito, 1 (to disable, 
unnerve, render helpless): crushed and 
pd with fear, fractus ac debilitatus 
metu, Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121 (cf. afflictus, 
debilitatus, moerens, ib. 2, 47, 195): 
Virg. 3. expr. to be p.d, by jaceo, ui, 
2: my brother is perfectly p.d with 
grief, jacet in moerore meus {rater, Cic. 
Att. 10, 4. 

prostrate (adj.): |, Lit.: expr. 
by verb: to lay p., sternere; to throw 
oneself p. on the ground, corpus humi 
prosternere (in Oriental fashion), Curt. 
8, 5, ad init.: to lie p., jacére: cf. Cic. 
Quint. 31, 96, quorum saepe et diu ad 
pedes jacuzt stratus: v. TO PROSTRATE 
(1, L1.). ll. Fig., broken down in 
respect of strength or spirits: afflictus, 
fractus, débilitatus: v. TO PROSTRATE 
(IiL.). To lie p., jacére: piety is van- 
pea and lies p., pietas victa jacet, 

v. Met. 1, 149: so with ref. to state of 
mind, Cic. Att. 7, 21 (Gnaeus noster 
totus jacet, is quite p.). 

prostration : |. Act of pros- 
trating (the body): expr. by, corpus 
(humi) prosternere: Curt. 8 5. Il. 
Total loss of strength or spirits: perh. 
debilitas (state of complete disablement ov 
paralysis): cf. Cic. Fin. 5. 28, 84, where 
debilitas corporis stands opp. to integri- 
tas. Or expr. by verb: in a state of p., 
perculsus et afflictus, Cic. Fl. 7, 16: 
credit is in a state of p., fides concidit, 
id. Man. 7, 19: so, Nep. Pel. 2, imperii 
majestas, ab hoc initio perculsa concidit, 
i. e., sank into a state of p.: V. TO PROS- 
@TRATE (LIL.). 

prosy: perh. longus, lentus: cf. Tac. 
Dial. 22: ct. TEDIOUS. 

Protean: expr. by gen. of Proteus, i; 
acc. Protea, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 99. 

protect : 1, tueor, itus (rarely, 
titus), 2 (to look after and guard or 
maintain): to p. a house from thieves, 
a furibus t. domum, Pbaedr. 3, 7, 10: to 
p. territory from inroads, fines ab ex- 
cursionibus t., Cic. Deiot. 8,22. Join: 
tueri et defendere, Caes. B. C. 3, 94; 
tueri et conservare, Cic. Man. 5, 12. 
Frequent. tiitor, 1 (to protect or defend 


AD 


habitually): the cheeks p. the eyes om 
the lower side, genae (oculos) ab infe- 
riore parte t., Cic. N.D. 2, 57,143: Liv.: 
Hor. 2. protégo, xi, ctum, 3 (ts 
cover and shelter): to p. any one with a 
shield, scuto aliquem p., Caes. B. 4. 5, 
44: Plin.: v. TO SHELTER. Join de- 
endere ct protegere, Cic, Sull. 18, 5¢ 
(= to throw one’s shield over any one). 
3, défendo, 3: v. TO DEFEND. 
to protect from may be expr. by such 
verbs as arceo, prodhibeo, défendo (to 
ward off): e.g. thou, U Jupiter, wilt 
p. thine altars from this man, hunc, 
Jupiter, a tuis aris arcebis, Cic. Cat. 1 
13, fin. : V. TO KEEP OFF (1.). 
protection: |, Protecting power 
orcare: |, tiitéla: (a city) under the 
p. of Apollo, in tutela Apollinis, Cic. 
N. D. 3, 22,55: tocommend to any one’s 
p., tutelae alicujus commendare, id. Off. 
1,53,228. Join: tutelaac praesidium, 
id. Mur. 10, 22. Fig.: wool affords p. 
against cold, lanae tutelam contra fri- 
gora praestant, Plin. 29, 2, 9. : 
praesidium (strictly, @ body of troops 
defending : also used like tutela): Cic. 
Mur. Io, 22 (tutela ac praesidium). Re 
fides, Gi, f. (plighted faith: hence, by 
meton.= protection): to have recourse 
to any one’s p. as dependents, in alicujus 
f. et clientelam se conferre, Cic. R. Am. 
37, 106: Caesar said he would take them 
under his p. and preserve them, Caesar 
sese eos in fidem recepturum et conser 
vaturum dixit, Caes. B. G. 2, 15: to 
implore the p. of gods and men, deum 
atque hominum f. implorare, Cic. Verr. 
Deets 25s 4, custodia (watch or 
guard): vy. GUARD. I]. That which 
protects : 1], titéla (meton.): Hor.: 
Ov. Join: decus et tutela, Ov. Met. 
12, 612. 2, tutamen, inis, m.: Virg. 
Aen. 5,262 (decus et tuiamen, se. lorica). 
In same sense, tutamentum: Liv. 21, 
61, fin. 8. praesidium (safeguard) : 
H r. Od. 1, 1, 2: cf. Cic. Mur. 28, 77, 
illud fortissimum praesidium pudoris 
(where the gen. is perh, of apposition). 
Compare supr. (1.). ||], In commerce, 
favouring home trade by means of im- 
port duties: to abolish p. in corn, *por- 
toria tollere quae ad externa frumenta 
excludenda imposita sunt. 
protective: expr. by verb: v. pre- 
ced. artt. 
protector: ], tiitor (rare in this 
sense): Hor.: v. GUARDIAN. Also by 
meton., tutela: Ov. Met. 8, 711. 9. 
custos: v. GUARDIAN. See also, DE- 
FENDER; and cf. PROTECTION (II.). 
(N.B.—By no means protector, except 
as legal title of O. Cromwell.) 
protectorship: tutela, custodia: v 
GUARD, PROTECTION. 
protectress : 1, custos, ddis, c. : 
Vv. GUARDIAN. . perb. tiitrix; or 
expr. by verb: v. TO PROTECT. 
protegé (Fr.): perh. cliens, pupillus: 
V. DEPENDENT, WARD. 
protest (v.): |. To make a solemn 
declaration : 1, obtestor, 1 (strictly, 
to call the gods to witness): he p.s that 
he will die either by the hands of the 
soldiers or his own, aut militum se 
manibus aut suis moriturum obtestatur, 
Tac. H. 3, 10: Suet. (Not in this sense 
in Cic.) 9. late, protestor, 1: Apul. 
3. asséveéro, 1 (to assert positively) : 
Cic. Att. 10, 14: Suet. See also To 
AFFIRM. (Or expr. by, deos testari, 
appeal to the gods ; jurare, to swear, etc. : 
also sometimes the frequentatives cla- 
mito, dictito, may serve, the iteration 
denoting emphasis and earnestness : cf. 
Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 7.) ||. To protest 
against : 1, interpello, 1 (strictly to 
interrupt ; hence, to interfere in order 
to prevent something being dome): he 
ordered M. Cato, on his p.ing against 
(what was being done) to be removed 
from the senaie-house, M. Catonem in- 
terpellantem extrahi curia jussit, Suet. 
Caes. 20: cf. Liv. 4, 43, med.; tmbunis 
interregem interpellantibus ne S. C 
fieret. 9, obnuntio, 1 (to report un- 
favourable signs or omens, alleged as 
rendering illegal the transaction of pub- 
587 


PROTEST PROVERDL 


lic business: with dat.): he (Bibulus) | Cic. R. Com. 2, 5: Liv. 
did nothing else but p. by edicts, nihil | bire, superbum se praebere, nimis se 
aliud quam per edicta obnuntiavit [legi- | efferre, jactare: v. PROUD. 
bus, etc.], Suet. Caes. 20. 3. of the prove: BAY ck Ramses |. Zo 
tribunes, intercédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (to in- | test: expérior, 4: v. TO TRY. Il. Zo 
terpose the veto): Cic.: Liv. 4, expr. | render certain by evidence, argument, 
by circuml., ping against the illegal | etc. - 1. probo, 1 (to make good, sub- 
proceeding, *deos testans (obtestatus) | stantiate): he p.s to them that the thing 
haec contra leges fieri; male sibi precans | ts perfectly easy, perfacile factu esse 
ni haec contra leges fiant. illis probat, Caes. B.G. 1, 3: this is hard 
protest (swbs.): expr. by verb: in | to p., hoc difficile est probatu, Cic. Tusc. 
spite of the p. of the tribumes, *invitis | 5, 1, 2: to p. (substantiate) a charge, 
atque interpellantibus tribunis: to enter | crimen p., id. Fl. 37, 93: Ov. 2} 
@ p., interpellare, intercedere, etc.: v. | ddceo, 2 (to show or inform in any way): 
preced. art. more exactly, argumentis docere, Cic. 
Protestants; *Protestantes, ium | N. D. 3, 4, 9: and again, argumentis et 
(qui dicuntur): cf. Conf. Augustan. pref. | rationibus, id. Div. 2,11,27. (But doceo 
eztr., de quo hic etiam sollenniter et | is often = simply, to inform.) ‘ 
publice protestamur (the name was ori- | efficio, féci, fectum, 3 (to make out by 
ginally a cant term). But usu. better | agument): he seeks to p. that the soul 
expr. by circuml.: as, *ii qui Romanae | is mortal, vult e. animos esse mortales, 
{Catholicae] ecclesiae (Pontificis Romani) | Cie. Tuse. 1, 31, fin. Esp. in pass., effici- 
auctoritatem negant, repudiant. (N.B. | tur, it is p.d, it follows: with acc. and 
—By no means use protestans, sing., as | in/., or ut and subj. (id. N. D. 3, 12, 30). 
subs., but expr. by circuml.) 4, vinco, vici, victum, 3 (a strong 
Protestantism; *Protestantismus | expr., to p. triumphantly or irrefra- 
(qui dicitur). gably: cf. Gr. 6 Aoyos KaBarpet): if I 
protocol: expr. by acta, orum: v. show (that it was not done) by Avitus, I 
MINUTE, sibs. (LII.). p. conclusively that it was by Oppiani- 
protomartyr: *primus martyr. cus, si doceo non ab Avito, vinco ab 
protoplast: expr. by, protoplastus, | Oppianico, Cic. Clu. 23. 64: Hor. 5: 
a, um (~pwrorAactos). Tert. confirmo, 1 (to establish, make out surely 
prototype: exemplar, aris, ».: v. | and certainly) : to p.our own ( position) 
PATTERN. (Or expr. by Gr. mpwrtdruTos, | by arguments, c, nostra argumentis et 
-ov.) rationibus, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80: Quint. 
protract: 1, diico, xi, ctum, 3: | (Confirmo refers rather to the manner 
to p. a war, bellum d., Caes. B. G. 1, 38: | of proof, as strong and conclusive, than 
Cic.: more fully (stronger), bellum lon- | simply to the fact of demonstration. 
gius d., Caes. B. C. 1, 64. Also, pro- | Hence it cannot be used of mathematical 
duco, 3: Cic.: Hor. 9, provdgo, 1: | proof.) So also firmo, 1: Cic. Fat. 5, 11. 
Vv. TO PROLONG. (N.B.—Demonstro, monstro, signify sim- 
protracted (adj.): difiturnus, | ply to point out, state, show ; and do not 
longus: v. LONG. necessarily imply argument.) Ill. Zo 
protrude: |. Trans.: protriido, | show, give practical proof of something ; 
3: V. TO THRUST FORWARD. |]. Ln-| esp. with pron. rejl. 1, praebeo, 2 
trans.: €mineo, promineo, 2: v. TO | (with pron. refl. = to show oneself): he 


PROJECT. p.d himself merciful (=behaved merci- 
protruding (adj.): Gminens: v. | fully), misericordem se praebuit, Cic. 
PROJECTING. Caec. 10, init. Without pron. refl.: he 
protrusion: expr. by verb: v. 10 | has pd himself a vigorous fellow, stre- 
PROTRUDE. nuum hominem praebuit, Ter. Ph. 3, t, 
protuberance: 1, gibber, éris, | 12. 2. praesto, stiti, stitum and 


m.; gibbus, i, m.; gibba, ae, 7. (ahump): | statum, 1; fut. part. praestaturus: to 
the form gibber occurs Plin. 8, 45, 70 | p. oneself invincible, se invictum p., Ov. 
6 179 (cf. adj. gibberosus); gibba, Suet. | Tr. 4, 10, 104: Sen.: cf, TO EXHIBIT 
Dom. extr. (where it appears to denoie | (11.). 3. exhibeo, 2 (with direct acc. 
a lump rather than a proper hwmp);| denoting the character evinced): to p. 
gibbus, Juv. 10, 309. Q. tiiber, Eris, | oneself a real statesman, vere civilem 
n. (a lump, or other similar growth on | virum ex., Quint. 12, 2,7: Just. (Not 
a living body): Plin. 8, 18, 26 (where it | in Cic.). B, Intrans., to turn out 
is used of the camel’s double hump, | in practice cr trial: 1. of persons, 
bina t.): ib. 8, 45, Jo § 179 (on a kind | expr. by praebeo, praesto, etc.: v. supr. 
of oxen). Dimin., tuberculum, Cels,: | (II1.). 92. of things, expr. by esse, 
Plin. See also SWELLING, subs. Having | with dat. of result (see L. G. § 297); 
a p., gibberosus, gibbus (v. HUMPED); | also fiéri, factum esse: what a calamity 
tuberosus (rare): Varr.: Petr. over sel/-confidence is wont to p., nimia 
protuberant: V. PROJECTING (adj.). | fiducia quantae calamitati soleat esse, 
proud : 1, siiperbus (haughty, | Nep. Pel. 3, init.: a spacious house ps 
arrogant): Cic.: Caes. Fig., in good|a disgrace to its owner, ampla domus 
sense: a people p (proudly great) in | dedecori domino fit, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139. 
war, populus bello s., Virg. Aen.,1, 21: 3. évado, si, sum, 3 (to issue ina 
Hor. (N.B—Superbus is usu. stronger | certain way): I fear this joy may p. 
than the Eng., and conveys a worse | i/l-fownded, vereor ne haec laetitia vana 
sense: cf. epith. Tarquinius Superbus, | evadat, Liv. 23, 12, med.: Vic.: v. TO 
nearly = tyrannical.) 9. arrogans: | TURN OUT. 4, where the reference is 
v. ARROGANT. (Fastdsus, scornful, dis-! to a search, expr. by inveuiri, reperiri 
dainful, rare.) To be p.: (1). sttperbio, | (ta be fownd to be so and so): v. TO 
4 (the thing of which one is proud in | FIND. . 
abl.): to be p. of the name of an an- proven, not: non liquet: short- 
cestor, nomine avi s., Ov. M. 11, 218: | ened, N. L.: Cic. Clu. 28, 76: Gell. 
Prop.; also absol., Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 94 (to provender: for cattle, pabtilum: v. 
be high and mighty, disdainful). (2). | FoppDER. Of soldiers, tego in search of p., 
expr. by efféro, 3, arr., with pron. refi. | pabulari, Caes. B.C. 1, 59: v.10 FORAGE. 
(to be elated): to be overweeningly p. | See also FOOD. 
(elated), insolenter se ef., Cic. Tusc. 4, proverb: 1, proverbium : a com- 
17, 39: V. TO ELATE; PRIDE ONESELF. | mon p., tritum sermone p., Cic. Off. 1, 
(3). jacto, 1 (with pron, refl.): v. TO | 10, 33: to pass into a p., in proverbii 
PRIDE ONESELF, consuetudinem venire, id. Off. 2, 15, fin.; 
proud-flesh: “fungus or proud-| in p. venire, Liv. 40, 46, med.: so, to be 
flesh” (Arbuthnot in Johnson): *caro | a p., esse in proverbio, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
fungosa: or perh. caro supercrescens, | 20, 53. 
Cels. 5, 22, 1 (R. and A.): cf. ib. § 2, | phr. as verum est verbum, 7 ts a true p., 
putris caro (7. e. gangraena). Pl. Truc. 4, 4, 32: Ter. Phr.: (of very 
proudly; 1, superbé (haughtily): | common use), as the p. ts, according to 
Cic.: Caes. 2. insdlenter (overween- | the p., ut aiunt, Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 233: 
éngly): Cic. Tusc. 4,17, 39: Caes. 3. | Hor.: or simply, aiunt, Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 
magnifice (making much of oneself, in | 10: and less freq. quomodo aiunt, Cic. 
ahigh and mighty way: Gr. cewves): | in Pis. 28,693; and quod aiunt, Prop. 
588 ¢ 











To act p., super= ! 


2, rarely, verbum, in such a | 


PROVIDED 


proverbial: expr. by proverbium; 
to become p. (of a saying), in proverbium 
increbrescere, Liv. 8, 8, med.: also, in 
proverbium venire, etc.: a p. saying, 
quod proverbii loco dici solet, Cic, Ph. 
13, 12, jim. (Proverbialis, late and 
rare: Gell. 2, 22, med., versus p., @ Dp. 
line, a line which has passed into @ 
proverb.) 
proverbially : expr. by in proverbie 
esse, quod in proverbium increbruit, 
etc.: v. preced. artt. (Proverbialiter, 
late: Amm.: Sid.) 
provide: A, Trans.: jf, 7 
procure beforehand: |, paro, 1 (to geé 
ready): p. whatever is necessary to be 
p.d, quod parato opus est, para, Ter. 
Andr. 3, 2,43: lop. avrefuge for old age, 
subsidium senectuti p., Cic. Att. 1, Io, 
| med. So comps. comparo, praeparo, 1: 
|v. TO PREPARE. 2. provideo, vidi, 
sum, 2 (foll. by dat. or acc. of object; 
also de and abl.: strictly, to take theught 
for, hence by implication, to procure) 
to p. provisions (for an army), rei frue 
| mentariae p., Caes. B. G. 5, 8: also, rem 
frumentariam p., id. B.G. 6, 9; de re 
frumentaria p., id. B. C. 3, 34. (N.B— 
| The accusative only should be used in 
the case of a neut. pron., e.g. ea quae 
ad usum navium pertinent p., id. B. G. 
| 3,9: Cic.) 3, in familiar lang., video, 
2: to p. a meal for any one, prandium 
alicui videre, Cic. Att. 5, 1: Ter.: cf. Cie. 
Att. 16, 1, navem idoneam ut habeag 
diligenter videndum est (= you must be 
careful to provide). Il. Zo supply; 
praebeo, 2: v. TO FURNISH, SUPPLY. 
B, Intrans.: |. To make pro- 
vision : expr. by provideo, constlo, 
with dat. of person expressed: cf. Cie. 
N. D. 1, 2, 4, [a Diis] vitae hominum 
consuli et provideri: cf. foll. artt. 
To enact, require; as a legal document 
does: julbeo, 2: Vv. TO DIRECT, REQUIRE. 
—— against: 1, prévideo, 2; 
foll. by ne quid. .., Liv. 36, 17, ad fin. 
(where providere atque praecavere are 
joined). Also video may be used: vi- 
dendum est ne..., we must p. against ..., 
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 42. 2. caveo, prae- 
Caveo, 2: V. GUARD, subs. (L., Phr. ii.). 
8. expr. by praemiunio, 4 (to fortify 
| beforehand), with pron. rejl., OF as pass. : 
| cl. Suet, Cal. 29, metn venenorum prae- 
| muniri medicamentis. 4. figio, fagi, 
fiigitum, 3: v. TO AVOID. 
for: 1, expr. by provideo, 2 
| (with dat.): to p. for the welfare of all 
| citizens, conditioni omnium civium p., 
Cic. Coel. % 22: or with ace. of neut. 
pron.: cf. L. G, § 253. 2. praecaveo, 
2 (to p. for, in the way of obviating) : 
Vv. TO PROVIDE AGAINST. Phr.: the 
safety of the Saguntines is pd for, 
Saguntinis cavetur, Liv. 21, 18, med. 
— with:: instruo, 3: v. TO FURNISH. 
provided (part. and adj): in- 
structus, réfertus (well-provided), prae- 
ditus: v. FURNISHED. (Instructus is used 
quite as adj., and compared, instructior, 
instructissimus: Cic.) Phr.: to be 
abundantly p. with anything, abundare 
aliqua re, Cic. Sen. 16, 56: somewhat 
less strong is, suppetere, id. Cat. 2, 11, 
25. 
provided (¢onj.): 1, dummédo 
(with subj.) : they care for nothing, p. 
only they gain power, omnia negligunt, 
d. potentiam consequantur, Cic. Off. 3, 
21, init.: Ov. Also as two words, dum 
. +--+ modo (infreq.): Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 28 
(dum patiar modo). Ina negative sen- 
tence, dummodo = provided that ...not: 
Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185. 2, dum (with 
subj,): Cic. Fin. 5, 29, extr., et saepe: 
Ter.: Quint. Dum ne=p, that... not, 
| Cato R. R. 5, med.: Cic. 3, mddo 
(only let... with subj.: in animated 
| language): the mental faculties remain, 
p. zeal and application remain, manent 
| ingenia, modo permaneat studium atque 
industria, Cic. Sen. 7, 22: id. Br. 16, 64: 
modo ne: p. that... not: id. 1, 30, 
105. (Modo si, Ov. Tr. 2, 263: hardly 
in prose.) 4, in legal documents, ea 
lege, ea conditione (R. and A.). ¥ 
TERMS, 

















=a 





PROVIDENCE 





providence: providentia (/fore- 
hought, precaution): used by Sen. of 
the Deity, N.Q. 2, 45: cf. treatise, De 
Providentia, init. Or expr. by verb: 
he whose p. watches over this world, 
(ille) cujus consilio huic mundo pro- 
videtur, Sen. l.c.: there is a p. which 
watches over man, *est homo Dis (Deo) 
curae; profecto curat regitque humana 
Deus. _ 
provident: 1. providus ( fore- 
seeing and exercising care for the 
future): p. and ingenious Nature, p. 
sollersque Natura, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 
fin.: Ov. Join: cautus providusque ; 
consultrix et provida [Natura], Cic. 
2. cautus, circumspectus (less close 
to Eng.): v. CAUTIOUS, CIRCUMSPECT. 
(Muitum providens, Cic. Fam. 6, 6, med., 
= penetrating, far-seeing.) 
providential: expr. by adv. divi- 
nitus (of divine origin): to appear to 
be p., d. accidisse videri, Cic. Part. 23, 
jin.: v. foll. art. Phr.: this appeared 
p., *quod Deorum (Dei) beneticio factum 
esse Videbatur: v. INTERPOSITION (/fin.). 
providentially: divinitus (coming 
from the gods) ; accidentally or p., casu 
quodam an d., Suet. Cl. 13, fin. Most p., 
*summo Dei beneficio consilioque: cf. 


. art, 

providently : provide (rare) : Plin. 
10, 33, 50 (= thoughtfully, carefully). 
More freq. expr. by adj. : cf. L. G. § 3435 
or by modal abl., provida cura : see also, 
CAREFULLY. 

provider: expr. by verb: v. TO PRO- 
¥ipe. (Pardchus = purveyor, q. v.) 

providing (conj.): Vv. PROVIDED 
(conj.) 


province: |. District: 1, pro- 
vincia (an acquired territory; not a 
part of the original state): passim. 
Belonging to, of a px» provincialis, e : 
Cic.: Tac. 9, régio, Onis, f. (a dis- 
trict ; not under a separate governor Like 
provincia: the most suitable word for 
modern general sense): cf. Liv. 45, 29, 
med., where Macedonia, not yet made a 
provincia, is divided into four regions 
(regiones). |], Duty, task: 1, pro- 
vincia: Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 22 (duram cepisti 
p., a difficult duty); Cic. Sull. 18, fin. 
9. officium: v. Dury. 8, after 
verb to be, oe by simple gen. : it is 
the p. of the judge, judicis est, etc. : 
L. G. § 266. : 
provincial (@4j.): provincialis, e: 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15 (p. administratio) : 
used very much as we use provincial 
opp. metropolitan, Tac. Agr. 4 (p. par- 
simonia, provincial habits of economy). 
provincial (suvbs.) : provincialis, is: 
usu. pl., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5: also sing., 
Plin. Ep. 9, 23, 2 (Italicus an p.). Or 
expr. by circuml., provinciae incoia, qui 
in provincia domicilium habet. 
provincialism: in lang., dialectus 
or -os i, f.: what odious p. was that, 
uaenam illa tam molesta d. esset, 
et. Tib. 56. Phr.: that is a North- 
country p., *verbum [genus loquendi]} 
jilud septentrionales partes incolenuinm 
proprium : let him avoid all p.s, *fugi- 
enda sunt illi quaecunque verba tantum 
singulis quibusdam regionibus feruntur 
(usurpantur): a Patavian p., Patavi- 
nitas, Pollio in Quint. 1, 5, 56: a coun- 
try p., rusticitas (oris, sermonis), cf. Quint. 
IT, 3, 30. 
provision: |. Act of providing : 
expr. by provideo, 2: v. TO PROVIDE. 
Il. Zngagement, security: expr. by 
ciiveo, 2 (to make p., by formal state- 
ment Liv. 21, 18, med.: v. SECURITY. 
I]. An arrangement, esp. for the 
benefit of some person or thing: Pbhr.: 
itis a p. of Nature, est autem a Natura 
comparatum (R. and A.); ita a Natura 
provisum et comparatum est: mark the 
wise p.s of Nature, *contemplare quam 
provida sollertique cura omnia a Natura 
digesta sint. |, Food: v. pROVISIONS. 
provisional: Phr.: a p. govern- 
ment, perb. *temporarii magistratus (cf. 
Plin. Pan. 91, temporarium et subitum): 
or expr. by circuml. *ii quos penes, tem- 
poris gratia (ad tempus) summa reipub- 


PROVOKINGLY 


licae (reruin) est, quibus ad tempus 
summa rerum committitur. (Imperium 
fiduciarium, Curt. 5, 9, med., is a dele- 
gated power, held as a trust.) 

provisionally; perb. ad tempus, 
ef. Tac. A. 1, init.; or, temporis gratia 
(s. causf), Curt. 5, 9, med. (praefectum 
regionis, Bessum, regem temporis gratia 
statuemus). Phr.: these hold office p., 
until magistrates can be regularly ap- 
pointed, *hi potestatem tenent donec 
justi magistratus creentur. 

provisions: 1, cibus, alimentum : 
V. FOOD, NOURISHMENT. 2. on a large 
scale, as for an army, res framentaria : 
Cic. Verr. 3, 5, 11: Caes. pass. Also 
simply, frumentum (as the main sta/f 
of life): cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 48, frumento 
commeatuque Caesarem  intercludere. 

3, commeatus, tis (supplies jor an 

army; used sing. and pl.): to gather in 
psfrom the corn-lands, commeatum ex 
arvis convehere, Liv. 2,14: p.s imported 
ty sea, c. maritimi, id. 5, 54, med.: more 
definitely, [magni] commeatus frumenti, 
id. 28, 4, extr. (N.B.— Also includes 
whatever supplies are needed for an 
army: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.) 4. 
cibaria, drum (victuals: with reference 
to immediate consumption; whereas, 
res frumentaria is the entire commis- 
sariat): scarcity of p.s (in a town), 
cibariorum inopia, Caes. B. G. 3, 18: cf. 
ib. I, 5, trium mensium molita cibaria 
(ready-ground corn or p.s). _§, victus, 
us (living, ordinary means of sustain- 
ing life): the greater part of their p.s 
consists in...., Major pars victus eorum 
in....consistit, Caes. B.G. 6, 22. Phr.: 
to collect p.s (from a country), frumen- 
tari, Caes. pass.: scarcity of p.s, inopia 
frumentaria, id. B. G. 5, 24. 

proviso: expr. by civeo, 2: v. PRO- 
vision (IT.). 

provocation: expr. by, irritare, con- 
tumeéliose dicere, contumelia afficere: v. 
TO PROVOKE, INSULT. Sometimes contu- 
melia (alone) comes very close to Eng. : 
to receive great p., magnam c. accipere, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 10: Vv. INSULT. (Provo- 
catio= right of appeal.) 

provocative: expr. by verb: v. To 


PROVOKE. 
provoke: |. 70 call forth, occa- 
sion: . cieo, civi, citum, 2; esp. in 


medicine, to p. evacuation, alvum c., 
Plin. 20, 9, 38. 2, mdveo, movi, tum, 
2: to p. any one’s laughter rather than 
anger, risum alicui magis quam sto- 
machum m., Cic. Att. 6, 3: Quint.: v. 
TO EXCITE. In same sense, commdveo, 
2: to p. great hatred against any one, 
magnum odium in aliquem c., Cic. Inv. 
1,54,103. ||, Vowrritate, make angry: 
1, irrito, 1: to p. by force and assail 
with the sword a most valiant man, vi i. 
ferroque lacessere fortissimum virum, 
Cic. Mil. 31, 84: to p. people to war, 
animos (hominum) ad bellum i., Liv. 
31, 5, med.: also, iracundiam i., Sen. Ir. 
3; 8,2 2. miveo, 2 (scarcely su 
strong as Eng.): I saw the man was p.d 
(“ nettled’’), intellexi hominem moveri, 
Cic. Att. 1, 14,4: to p. Diana, numina 
Dianae m., Hor. Epod. 17, 3. So, com- 
moveo, 2 (strengthened from simple 
verb): Hor. S. 2, 1, 45 (qui me com- 
morit, flebit !). 3. concito, I: e.g. 
in arma, ad vim, etc.: v. TO STIR UP. 
4. expr. by stémachus, i, m., and a 
verb: to p. any one, s. alicui movere, 
Cic. Att. 6, 33 facere, ib. 5,11. So with 
bilis, is, f.: e.g. bilem alicui commovere, 
ib. 2, 7, med. 5, in pass.: exardesco, 
irascor (to be p.d): Vv. ANGRY, TO BE. 
(N.B.—Not provoco in this sense: v. 
fO CHALLENGE.) |], 70 lead on to any- 
thing: 1, allicio, illicio, lexi, ctum, 3: 
V. TO ENTICE, ALLURE. (Usu. of leading 
to that which is bad; always, of the 
leading of pleasure.) 2. incito, 1: 
Vv. TO INCITE, STIMULATE. 
provoking (a4j.): mdlestus; ad sto- 
machum alicui movendum aptus; ddi- 
Osus; etc. : V. TROUBLESOME, VEXATIOUS, 
Phr.: it is p. (vexing, disagreeable), 
Piget: V. VEXED, TO BE. 
provokingly; ddiosé: Aeschinus is 





PRUDENTLY 


p. long, Aeschinus c. cessat! Ter. Ad. 4 
2, 49. Or expr. by phr., *quod homini 
vel miti stomachum moveat ; quod bilem 
merito commoveat. 

provost: *praefectus ; praepdsitus all- 
cui rei: V. GOVERNOR, SUPERINTENDENT. 

prow: prora (Gr. mpwpa): Caes. B.G. 
3, 13: Plin.: Virg. Also, pars prior 
navis (Kr.). 

prowess: Virtus: v. vatour. Phr.: 
of great personal p., manu fortis, Nep. 
Epam. 3. 

prowl : |. For prey or booty: 
praedor, 1: Virg. G. 1, 130 (praedari 
lupos jussit): v. TO PLUNDER. I. In 
gen. seuse, to roam about: vigor, Oberro, 
etc.: V. TO WANDER. 

prowler: praedator: v. PLUNDERER. 

proximate: proximus: v. NEAR, 
NEAREST, hr.: pr. causes, causae ad- 
juvantes, antecedentes, proximae, Cic. 
Fat. 18, 41; opp. causae perfectae et 
principales (R. and A.). 

proximately: perh. ex proximo, 
ut causa antecedens et proxima (only in 
phil. lang.) v. preced. art. 

proximity: propinquitas: v. NEAR- 
NESS. 
proxy: |. Procuracy ; delegated 
authority: expr. by procilritor: to act 
by p., per procuratores (procuratorem, 
in the case of a single person deputed) 
agere, Cic. Att. 4, 16, extr. (The com- 
mon phr., per procurationem, is of mo- 
dern coinage; thesubs. procuratio having 
no such limited sense.) Phr.: that is 
@ case in which one cannot act by p. 
delegationem res ista non recipit, Sen. 
Ep. 27, 3: Iwill pay you my debt by p. 
(tig.), delegabo tibi a quo fiat numeratio, 
cf. ib. 18, fin. ||, he person who acts 
foranother: 1, procirator(gen. term 
to denote one who acts for another) : 
Cic.: v. supr. 9. vicarius: v. SUP- 
STITUTE. (Or expr. by verb, res alicnas 
procurare; aliena vice fungi, etc,: I. 
and «. [I]. A vote placed in the 
hands of another: expr. by suffragium 
alienum ; suffragium alteri delegare, etc, 

prude; perh. tetrica puella s. mulier: 
cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 721 (yet the sense there 
is severe or puritanical rather than 
prudish). Or expr. by circumL, *putida 
quadam pudicitiae ostentatione mulier; 
affectatae cujusdam severitatis mulier. 

prudence: 1. pridentia (a more 
comprehensive and profound word than 
Eng. = Gr. dpovnars’ it includes well- 
grounded knowledge, especially of things 
good and their opposites: it also occurs 
in the more limited sense: cf. Cie, Sen. 
6, extr., where it is the antithesis otf 
temeritas; i. e. wise sagacity opp. to 
recklessness and thoughtlessness): p. in 
private affairs is usually called domestic, 
p. in suis rebus domestica appellari solet, 
Cic. Part. 22, 76: cf. id. Off. 1, 40, 143, 
where prudentia is spoken of as @ know- 
ledge of opportunity. Q. sipientia : 
Vv. WISDOM. 3, circumspectio (rare): 
Join: circumspectio ct accurata consi- 
deratio, Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 35 (where however 
an act of mind rather than a quality 
is spoken of). 4, expr. by neut. of 
consultus, considératus (comp. L. G. 
§ 538): he showed no p. or forethought, 
nibil in eo consulti nec considerati erat; 
omnia temere inconsulteque agebantur. 
See also CAUTION. 

prudent: 1, considératus (iwell- 
considered : hence, judicious, prudent) : 
to call (a persm) slow instead of p. 
(or deliberate), tardum pro considerato 
vocare, Liv. 22, 39, fin. 2, providus 
(seeing before-hand, gifted with fore- 


thought): Join: providus cautusque, 
Cic. R. Am. 40,117 = 8, cautus (weary): 
Vv. CAUTIOUS. 4, priidens, nus (like 


prudentia, often referring to definite 
knowledge rather than what we call 
prudence; yet sometimes used nearly 
as Eng.): cf. Cic. Fam. 4, 14, med.: v. 
sacacious. 9, circumspectus: v. CIR- 
CUMSPECT. 
prudential: perh. bene considératus, 
prudently: 1. _considératé (a/ter 
due consideration) : Cic. Att. 9, 2, med.: 
Liv. 9, cauté: v. CAUTIOUSLY. 
589 


PRUDERY 


Se 


consulté (not consulto, which = on pur- 
pose): Join: caute atque consulte, Liv. 
22, 38, fin. 4, circumspecté (late): 
Quint.: Gell. 5, expr. by adj.: he p. 
concealed the rest of the plan from the 
people, *prudens (sapiens) reliquum con- 
silium populum celavit: cf. L. G. § 343- 

prudery : *affectata quaedam pudi- 
citia; prava pudicitiae ambitio s. osten- 
tatio. 

prudish; Vv. PRUDE, PRUDERY. 


prudishly : *affectataé quadam pudi- 
citia; non sine prava pudicitiae osten- 
tatione: v. PRUDE. 

prune (subs.): a dried plum: *pru- 
mum conditum. 

prune (v.): |. Lit.: 1, puto, 1: 
to p. trees with the knife, arbores falce p.. 
Cato R. RK. 32. Virg.: Col. Comps. (1). 
depito, 1 (to p. down, esp. to cut away 
the growing shoots freely) : Cato R. R. 
49: Col. 11, 2, med. (2). ampito, 1 (to 
p. away, lop off ; used with ref. both to 
the tree and to the lopped-off branches) : 
to p. w vine, vitem ferro 4., Cic. Sen. 15, 
52: top. away useless branches, inutiles 
ramos talce a., Hor. Epod. 2, 13. (3)- 
interpiito, 2 (lop out branches here and 
there): Cato R. R. 50 (ficos interputare) : 
Col. 2, purgo, 1 (to clear off anything 
superfluous, as excessive leafage, etc.) : 
cf. Cato R. R. 65, oleam foltis et stercore 
purgare. So interpurgo, to cleanse or 
clear here and there. Plin. 8. decac- 
amino, 1 (by snipping off the ends of 
branches and shoots): Col. 4, 7. fin. 
(pampinum d., to remove the growing 
end of wu shoot). 4, pampiuo, 1 (v7 vines, 
to remove superfluous shoots and teu- 
drils) : top. a vine, Vitem p., Varr. R. Rk. 
I, 31, init.: Col. Rarely of other ‘rees, 
Col. 4, 31 (of willows). (N.B.—Inter- 


lucare arbores = to thin them.) Il. 
Fig.: to remove what ts redundant in 
ession : 1. ampiito, 1: J like 


there to be something in (the style of ) a 
young man for me to p. away, volo esse 
in adolescente unde aliquid amputem, 
Cic. de Or 2, 21, 88. 9. réséco, ui, 
sectum,1. you must p. away as much 
of it as is necessary, Ww haec, quantum 
ratio exegerit, reseca, Plin. 2, 5, 4. 33 
récido, di, sum, 3: to p. away showy 
ornaments, ambitiosa ornamenta I., Hor. 
A. P. 447: Quint. 12, 10, 52. 4.a 
somewhat different figure is, reprimo, 
3: ef. Cic. Br. gt, fin. [Molo] dedit 
operam ut- nimis redundantes nos re- 
primeret, et quasi extra ripas dif- 
fluentes coerceret. 

pruner: 1, piitator: Plin. 27, 8, 
45: Varr. (Frondator, one who gathers 
the young twigs and leaves Jor goats, 
etc.) 9, of vines, pampinator : Col. 

pruning Gus j, putatio (ar- 
borum, vitium): Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 249. 
Also, (sarmentorum) amputatio, id. Sen. 


15, 53. 2, pampinatio (of vines); 
Col. 4, 6, init. (For syn., see verb.) 
pruning- e: falx, ferrum: v. | 


TO PRUNE (examples). For fig. sense, 
expr. by ampito, réséco, récido: bril- 
liant passages, but needing the p., *splen- 
dida quaedam, sed quae quasi amputantis 
manum desiderare videntur : v. TO PRUNE 
(iI.). 

prurience : *prava quaedam in li- 
bidines animi inclinatio; quasi prurigo 
quaedam rerum obscaenarum. 

prurient: lascivus, libidinosus: v. 
Lascivious. Or expr. by prurio, 45 
prurigo, inis, f.: cf. Mart. 88, 2. 

pry: _ Timor, 1 (trans.) : he p.s 
into the breasts of chickens, pectora pul- 
lorum rimatur, Juv. 6, 551: to p. about 
the meadows (for food), prata r., Virg. G. 
I, 384: to p. into every y’s secrets, 
secreta omnium r., Tac. A. 6, 3. 2). 
scrutor, perscritor, £: V. TO SEARCH. 

3, exploro, I: v. TO EXPLORE, SPY 

ouT. 

prying (adj.): perb. scrutator, es 
-trix ; inspector, f. -trix: cf. L.G. § 598. 

psalm; psalmus: Vulg. 

psalmist: 1, psalmista: Hier 

9, psalmogriphus: Tert. (Or expr. 
by circuml., psalmi {psalmorum] scrip- 
tor, auctor.) 
59° 


PUBLICATION 


PUDDING 











psalmody: *psalmorum s. hymn- 
orum cantus: V. SINGING. 

psalter : *psalterium : Hier.: Eccl. 

psaltery ; *psaliérium: Quint. 1, 10, 
31: Vulg. 

pseudo-: (prefix) : so used in many 
Latinised Greek words; as, pseudapo- 
stolus, pseudonardus, pseudosmaragdus g 
also with Latin proper names, ©. g- 
pseudo-Cato, Cic. Att. 1, 14, jin. Other- 
wise, in words not taken from the Greek, 
expr. by fictus, simulatus: v. FALSE, 
PRETENDED. 

pshaw: perh. phui or phy ! Ter. Ad. 
3, 3 §8 Or, apagé (— away ! get 
along !), which is often a verb govern- 
ing acc.: v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

psychical : perh. *psychicus (Gr. 
Woxexos): Tert., who uses the word 
with ref. to the lower nature: cf. Vulg. 
1 Cor. xv. 44 (where WuxeKor is rendered 
animale): may however be used as 
metapbys. term = relating to the mind 
or soul. 

psychological: * psychologicus : 
necessary as ¢. ¢.; otherwise expr. by 
circuml.,, ad animum attinens; or simply 


gen. case of mentis, auimi: @ p. problem, | p 


*quaestio in qua de mentis humanae 
natura legibusque agitur. 

psychologist: *psychOlogicus: after 
an.l. of matbematicus, etc. Or expr. by 
circuml., *qui mentem hominum mves- 
tigat, etc. 

psychology: *psychdlogia; neces- 
sary as f. t. 

ptarmigan: *tetrao lagopus, 
(R. and A.). 

puberty: pubertas: Suet. Dom. 1 
(pubertatis tempus). Having reached 
the period of p., pabes aud puber, éris: 
until the age of p., ad puberem aetatem, 
Liv. 1, 3, init.: esp. in pl., puberes, 
persons who have attained p. : Caes. B. G. 
5, 36 (omnes puberes convenire consue- 
runt): Sall. 7o reach p., pubesco, 3: 
Liv. 8, 8 (flos juvenum pubescentium 
ad militiam): Virg. Aen. 3, 49! (nunc 
aequali pubesceret aevo). 

public (adj.) : |. Relating to the 
state : J, publicus: sacrifices p. and 
private, sacrificia p. ac privata, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 13: p. land (the property of the 
people), ager p.: v. Smith’s Ant. p. 29, 
sq. 9. expr. by respublica, réipub- 
licue; poptulus: 
from p. affairs (politics), procul a re- 
publica (or, re publica) aetatem agere, 
Sall. Jug. 3, init.: to turn out For the 
p. good, populo [plebique] bene evenire, 


Linn. 


Cic. Mur. init. Phr.: in a p. capacity, 
publice: Caes. : Cic.: also, at the p. 
expense: e€. g. publice aliquem efferre 


(to honour with a public funeral), Nep. 
Dion, extr.: to be maintained at the p. 
expense, publice ali, id. Arist. Jin. : Liv. 
Il, Not private or secret : Phir: 
to appear in p., prodire in publicum, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 31, fin.: hedares not appear 
in p., in publico esse non audet, ib. 5, 
35, 92: to take meals im p., in propatulo 
vesci, Mela 1, 19, med.: to speak in a p. 
(much-frequented) or private place, cele- 
bri an secreto loco dicere, Quint. 11, I, 47: 
in p. foris (opp. domi), Cic. Arch. 7, 16: 
also, in luce, Cic. Sen. 4, 12 (Vv. PUB- 
ticity): to make a matter p., rem foras 
perferre, id. Coel. 23, 57: also, efferre, 
Ter. Ph. 5, 7. 65 (v. TO PUBLISH); V. 
COMMON. Il]. Open for general use: 
Phr.: ap.walk, *ambulatio qua omnibus 
uti licet: or perh. ambulatio publica. 
public (subs.): often expr. by hom- 
ines (v. PEOPLE): if the lower orders 
be meant, vulgus, multitudo (v. MULTI- 
TUDE): on behalf of the p., publice, opp. 
privatim, Caes. B. G. 5, 55: to be main- 
tained by the p. (at the p. expense), 
publice ali, Nep. Arist. 3. 
public-house: caupona: v. 
See also TAVERN. 
publican : 
publicanus : Cic. 
caupo, Onis: Cic.: Hor. 
publication: |. Making public: 
expr. by foras efferre, etc.: v. TO PUB- 
LISH, PROCLAIM. Of @ book, @ditio: 
Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5: V. TO PUBLISH C(L.). 


INN. 


|. A farmer of taxes: 
I]. An innkeeper : 





to spend, one’s life aloof 








Il. That which is published ; a book 

or treatise: liber, libellus: v. BOOK. 

publicist: *juris publici ac gentiun 
peritus. 

publicity: 1. célebritas (character 
of a place which is much frequented or 
thronged ; or the crowd itself) : I hate p. 
TI shun my fellow-men, odi celebritatem, 
fugio homines, Cic. Att. 3, 7: the near- 
ness and p. of the place removes icton, 
propinquitas et c. loci tollit suspicionem, 
id. Scaur. fr. (Nizol.): to court p. in c. 
versari, Nep. (R. and A.). 9. meton 
lux, lacis, f.: to unfold secret matters 
and bring them into full p., res occultas 
aperire et in lucem proterre, Cic. Ac. 2, 
19, 62: in the full p. (day-light) of Asia, 
in luce Asiae, id. Manil. 3,7. (Or expr. 
by adj., apertus, propatulus, etc.: he 
courts p., *id agit ut ipse suaque omnia 
quam maxime in aperio [in promatule| 
sint ; to give p. to an occurrence, *aliqui 
quam plurimis notum tacere: v. PUBLIC, 
11.3 TO PUBLISH.) 

publicly: i. e. openly, before all: 

], palam, dperté (often joined): Vv 


publish: 


also, proféro, 3: strengthened, palam p. 
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 413 in medium p., Cic 
Fam. 15, 2: or absol.: Cic.: Plin. min 
3, patéfacio, 3 (to lay open, explore): 
Cic.: Vv. TO REVEAL. 4, divulgo, 1 
(to make yenerally known): to p. any 
one’s designs, consilia alicujus d., Caes. 
B.C. 1, 20: more fully, sermonibus d., 
Cic. Font. 5, 10. (Promulgo = to give 
formal public notice of something : as in 
phr. éo p. the banns of matrimony, perh. 
*sponsalia [pactum nuptiale] promul- 
gare.) ||. Zo issue a book: 1, edo, 
didi, ditum, 3: to p. a speech, orationem 
{scriptam, in MS. ; typis descriptam, im 
print] e., Sall. Cat. 31: Cic. Br. 5, 19- 
2° emitto, misi, ssum, 3 (not in Cic., 
the strict sense being rather to suffer to 
issue than to send forth): Suet. Cal. 33 
(librum e.). 3, publico, 1 (late): 
whether to p, or suppress, vel p. vel con- 
tinere, Plin, Ep. 1, 8,3. 4, divulgo, 5 
(to circulate generally): I wish to p. 
that work, volo eum (librum) d., Cic. Att. 
12, 40,2. Phr.: to have no objection to 
p., non abhorrere ab editione, Plin. Ep. 
I, 2, 5: to be p.’d, e prelo exire: v. TO 
PRINT (1.). 
public-spirited: “liberalis et qui 
patriae civibusque consulit. 
publisher: _ |. One who makes 
known; praedicator, praeco: V. PRO- 
CLAIMER. Il. Issuer of a book : expr. 
by sumptibus, impensis alicujus (librum 
edere); or simply, apud, denoting the 
publishing firm : see title-pages of clas- 
sical works, passim. 
publishing (subs.) : 
éditio: Plin. Ep. 1, 2,5. 
puce: nearest word, purpureus: v. 
PURPLE. 
pucker: corrigo, 1: v. TO WRINELB. 
pudder: turba: v. Row. 
pudding: *placentae genus aqua 
coctum. (R. and A. give, globus ex 
farina Britannorum more factus; but 
this may equally denote a kind of cake ; 
nor is a pudding necessarily round : 
Kr. gives, after Liinemann, cibi genus 
qui vocatur globus Anglicus, which may 
serve very well for a plum-pudding.) 
Yorkshire p., * placentae genus, ¢€X 
ovis et carnis assae liquamine coctum. 
Prov.: the proof of the p. is in the eat- 
ing, exitus acta probat (R. and A.): but 
the phr. is very far from the point and 
homeliness of the Eng. 


of a work, 


PUDDLE 


puddle (subs.): perh. laciina: cf. 
Virg. G. 1, 119. A dirty, stinking p.. 
foetutina: Non. 63, 76. 

puddle (v.): i.e. to stir and work 
about: perh. siibigo, égi, actum, 3 (to 
knead or otherwise uoik a soft sub- 
stance): cf. Vitr. 2, 4, extr., arena ba- 
cillorum subactionibus recipit svlidi- 
tatem. 

puddler: perh. siibactor: v. preced. 
artt. 


puddling (subs.): perh. siibactio : 
¥. preced. art. 

puddly : *lacunis abundans, 

puerile: 1, prérilis, e (not natu- 
rally a term of*reproach) a p. opinion, 
sententia p., ler. Ph. 5, 7, 56: Cic. Att. 
14, 21 (where virilis and p, are op- 
posed; the former denoting streng/h 
and vigour, the latter childish folly). 

Q. ineptus: v. smitty. Jna p. way, 
pueriliter: Cic. 

puerility: ineptiae, arum (absur- 
dities) : more precisely, pueriles ineptixe: 
v. preced. art. Alsv, puerilitas (late): 
Sen. Ep. 4, 2 (in wider sense, ehildish- 
NE€SS). 

puerperal: *febris puerperalis: as 
med. ¢.¢. (In non-medical lang., use 
febris quae puerperium sequitur; febris 
ex puerperio orta, etc.) 

uff (subs.): expr. by verb: a p. of 
wind displaced the leaves *disjecit folia 
levis ventus subito immissus: with @ 
gentle p. of smoke, *\umo leniter (per 
ora) emisso: decrepit gladiators whom a 
p. of wind would knock down, decrepiti 
gladiatores quos si sufflasses cecidissent, 
Petr. 45, fin. See also PUFFERY. 

p v.): A, Trans.: |. To 
drive air with a sudden shock: perh. 
ventum (ventulum) subito emittere: 
v. preced. art. |], Zo puff out; blow 
out and inflate : 1, inflo, 1: Phaedr. 
I, 24, 4 (vf the frog in the fable) : to p. 
out the cheeks (in passion), buccas int., 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 21. 2. sufflo, 1 (J/rom 
beneath): by distending the skin and 

.ing it out, sufflatae cutis distentu, 

lin. 8, 38, 58: Cato. 3. intendo, di, 
tum ((o stretch ov distend in any way): 
Phaedr. 1, 24, 6. Il]. Fig. : to swell 
out with vanity; puff up or out: ik 
inflo, 1: to p. up with false hope, animos 
falsa spe i., Cic. in Pis. 36, 89; with 
Ce to) pride, animos ad superbiam i., 

iv. 45,31, med. Q, expr. to be puffed 
up, by \imeo, 2; with incept., tiimesco, 
intimesco, 3 (to become sv): p.’d up 
with empty pride, tumens inani superbia, 
Phaedr. 1, 3, 4: ulso absol., alto stem- 
mate t., Juv. 8, go. (In Cic. rather, to 
be agitated or in a ferment: so Hor. Ep 
I, 1, 36, laudis amore tumes.) To become 
p.d up with “vrief authority,” jure 
quodam potestatis intumescere, Quint. 


1, 1,8: Tac. 3, expr. pass. by, 
efféro, Glatus, 3, i77.: Vv. ELATED. IV. 
Also fig., to praise excessively: 1. ven- 


dito, 1 (as a vendor does his wares): 
Cic. Verr. 2, 54, 135: Liv. 2, jacto, 
Magnilicé praedico (de aliqua re): v. 
Tosoast. BB, I[ntrans.: topauntand 
blow. anhélo, 1: v. TO PANT. 

puff away: difflo, 1: Pl. Mil. 1, 1, 
17 (spiritu legiones d.): Aus. Or by 
circuml., afflando s. spiritu disjicere. 

— out; inflo, 1: v. To PUFF. 

— up: V. To purr (A., LIL.). 

puffer; venditatur: lac. 

puffery : (inanis) venditatio: cf. Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 26, 64. More precisely, *merces 
venditantium artes ac menducia. 

puffin; *mormon fraterctla (Cycl.). 

puffiness: expr. by sufflo, 1: there 
ts a p. about the flesh, *caro quodam 
modo sufflata esse videtur; caro mi- 
nus firma ac solida est ac quasi sut- 
flatu distenta. 

puffy: perh. sufflatus; parum solidus 
et quasi sufflutu distentus, 

pug: |, A dog: *canis fricator, 
Linn.(R.and A.). |], Av ape: simia: 
Vv. MONKEY. Il]. A snub nose: sima 
naris: Mart. 6, 39, 8. 

pug-nosed: simus: v. SNUB-NOSED. 

Pugilism: piigilatio (boxing): Cic. 
Leg. 2, 15, 38: also, pugilatus, us: 


ene lee ee 





PULL IN 


Plaut.: Plin. (Or expr. by means of 
pugnus: to encourage p., *pugnorum 
certamina [praemiis, etc.] fovere ) 

pugilist: piigil, ilis: Cic. Tuse. 2, 
17, 42: Hor. : Suet. Or expr. by, pugnis 
certare: v. foll art. 

pugilistic: Phr.: to engage in p. 
contests, pugnis certare, Cic. l'usc. 5, 27, 
77: to be jond of p. contests, puguis 
gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 1, 27. (/. contests 
may also be expr. by pugilatio, Cic. Leg. 
2, 15, 38: or pugilatus, is: Plin.) 

pugnacious: 1, pusnax (the ter- 
mination -ax usually denoting « quality 
in excess): p., brawny centurims, cen- 
turiones p., lacertosi, Cic. Ph. 8, 9. 26: 
of animals, Petr. 86 (galli gallinacei 
pugnacissimi). Also in good sense; 
Marcellus acer et pugnax, Cic. Rep. §, 
8, 9. 2. perl. bellator, bellatorius 
(engaging or fond of engaging in war): 
v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. vv. 3. expr. 
by circuml., e.g. pugnae s. pugnandi 
avidus, cupidus; certaminis avidus; ad 
pugnandum alacer, etc.: Vv. DESIROUS, 
EAGER. 

pugnacity: pugnacitas: Quint. 4, 3, 
2: Plin. (Or expr. by circumL, animus 





ad pugnandum alacer; pugnandi avi- 
ditas; etc.: v. PUGNACIOUS.) 

puissance: vis, vires; pdtentia: v. 
STRENGTH, POWER 

puissant: pd'ens: v. POWERFUL. 

pule: vagio, 4 (as infants): Cic. Sen. 
23, 83: Ter. 

puling (adj.): perh. flebilis, quér- 
tilus: Vv. PLAINTIVE, MISERABLE. 

pull (v.): A. Trans.: To pull 
at, twitch, pluck: vello, velli, vul- 
sum, 3, and vellico, 1: vellere coepi et 
prensare manu lentissima brachia, Hor. 
Sat. I, 9,63: esp. to p. or twitch the ear 
as a “gentle hint:” vellicata blande au- 
ricula suscitavit, Paul. Nol. Ep. 36, 3: 
puer, quid fleret interrogatus, a paeda- 
gogo se vellicari respondet, that his mas- 
ter pulled his ears, Quint. 6, 1, 41: fig., 
cum canerem reges et proelia, Cynthius 
aurem vellit, et admonuit, etc., Virg. E. 
6, 4: vellit saepius aurem invida pau- 
pertas, Calp. E. 4, 155. In this sense 
TO PULL is usu. followed by a prep.: 
Vv. TO PULL AWAY, DOWN, etc. B. In- 
trans., to seek to move by applying 


Jorce ; expr. by nitor, enitor: vires ad- | 
hibeo s. admoveo, etc.: pull with all | 


your might, men, *totas, viri, adhibete 
vires: with all their p.ing they could not 
stir the chariot, *quamvis intentis nite- 
rentur viribus currum loco movere non 
poterant: the waters foam as they p.(in 
rowing) spumant adductis freta versa 
lacertis, Virg. Aen. 5, 141: now, now, p. 
at your oars! nuuc, nunc, insurgite 
remis ! ib. 189. 

pull away: avello, 3: v. TO TEAR 

1, retraho, 3. 


AWAY. 

— back: 2, ré- 
vello, 3: v. TO DRAW BACK. 

— down: (i.e. to demolish) : ie 
démOlior, 4 (todo away uith, break down, 
demolish): to p. down a purtition uall, 
parietem d., Cic. Top. 4, 22. to p. down 
a house (in order to build another), 
domum d., id. Off. 1, 39, 138: Liv. Q, 
destruo, xi, ctum, 3 (lo take dou n or to 
pieces ; not violently, but as a builder or 
constructor may do): to p. down a build- 
ing, aedificium d., Cic. Sen. 20, 72 (opp. 
construere): Suet. Vesp.9. 3, disjicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3 (violently and with hostile 
intent) : V. TO DEMOLISH (4) RASE. 4, 
éverto, 3 (also, with hostile intent): 
Vv. TO OVERTHROW. 5, révello, velli, 
vulsum, 3: to p. down a thing from its 
Jastenings, e.g. the gates of a temple, 
fores templi revellere, Suet, Cal. 6. 6. 
dépono, 3: to p. down a person from 
some high estate, de ministerio deponere 
aliquem, Vulg. Is. xxii. 19. 

— in, or up: i. e. stop or draw 
back : |. Trans.= check: contraho, 
3: to p. in the tvo horns, bina cornua c., 
Plin. 9, 22, 38 Phr.: to pull up 
(horses), premere habenas, Virg. Aen. 
1,63: adducere habenas, Cic. Am. 13, 45: 
(used fig. in both places). _|J, Intr.= 





PULLEY 





sive retractabis sive properabis, Cic 
Tusc. 1, 31, 76. 

pull off: 1, avello,3: v.roPpiva 
OFF. (For TO PULLOFF the clothes or th 
skin: Vv. TOSTRIP OFF, TAKEOFF.) Q 
révello, 3, to p. if Jrom some fastening 
or union, &. g. azle from a uaggon 
Ov. M. 2, 316: Vv. TO TEAR OFF. 

— out? 1, vello, i, vulsum, 3; 

— up (to p. out the hair, comam 
v., Mart. 5, 39, 19: top. out the hair from 
a horse’s tail, v. pilos equinae caudae, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 45: to p. up the standards 
(i. e. tomake a hostile movem-nt, begin a 
war), ¥. signa, Virg. Aen. 11, 1g: uhilst 
some p.’d out the stakes of the palisade, 
quum pars vellerent vallum, Liv. 9, 14: 
as neut. pass. without object, lo have the 
hair on the body p.’d out by the roots, 
velli, Suet. Caes. 45. Comps. (1) évello, 
velli (vulsi), vulsum, 3: t p. oul a wea~ 
pon, e. ferrum, Cues. B, G. 1, 25: to p. 
out teeth, e. dentes (alicui), Plin. jo, 3 
(8), 25: to p.out thistles from the ground, 
e. spinas agro, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 5: top. up 
a tree, arborem e., Liv. 33, 5. (2). ré- 
vello, 3 (to p. or lear out or away from 
some fastening or union): to p. out 
weapons from the body, e. tela de cor- 
pore, Cic. in Pis. 11,25: to p. up a tree 
with the hands, e. arborem manibus 
tellure, Ov. R. Am. 87: to p. up plants 
by the root, herbas radice e., id. M. 4, 
226: to p. up the standards, signa e., 
Lucan 7, 77: to p. up the cross fixed at 
the gate, crucem, quae fixa est ad portam, 
e., Cic. Verr. 4, 11. 2. éripio, ui, 
reptum, 3 (to pull, pluck, or teay out with 
violence): to p. out a morsel from the 
jaws, bolum e faucibus e., Ter. Heaut. 4, 
2,6; swallows from the nest, birundines 
ex nido, Pl. Rud. 3, 4.67: a brand from 
the fire, torrem ab igne e., Ov. M. 8, 457; 
a sword from its sheath, vagina e. en- 
sem, Virg. Aen. 4, 579. 3. Eri, ti, 


| titum, 3 (with violence): to p. out an 


eye, ocutum e., Plin. 25, 8, 50: to p. out 
the teeth on the left side, dentes de sinis- 
tra parte e., Plin. 28, 8 (27) 95: to p. up 
standing corn by the roots, segetem ab 
radicibus imis e., Virg. G. I, 320: so, 
pipum radicibus e.,id. Aen. 5,449; erui 
radicitus, Plin. 21, 11 (36) 62: v. TO DRAG 
OUT, DRAW OUT. 4, eximo, émi, 
emptum, 3: fop.outa tooth, ex.dentem 
alicui, Cels. 6, 9; @ weapon, telum e., 
Quint. 9, 2, 15: what pleasure does it 
give you to have one thorn among many 
p.d out? quid te exempta juvat spinis 
de pluribus una? Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 212: 
V. TO TAKE OUT, DRAW OUT, EXTRACT. 

5, exstirpo, 1: to p. out by the 
roots, e. g. pilos de corpore toto, Mart. 
6, 56, 3: V. TO ROOT OUT, ERADICATE, 
EXTIRPATE, 6. extraho, xi, crum, 3: 
to p. out an ox or ass from a pit on the 
sabbath-day, ex. bovem die subbati, 
Vulg. Luc. xiv. §: v. TO DkAW OUT, 
EXTRACT. ‘J, Grunco, 1 (to weed out): 
to p. up weeds, herbas er., Col. 2, 10, 28. 

8. Gjicio, jéci, ctum, 3: p. out the 
mote (and beam) out of one's eye, e. fes- 
tucam (trabem) de oculo, Vulg. Matt. vii. 
4, 53 Luc. vi. 4. 


pull to: attriho, 3: ¥. DRAW TO, 


ATTRACT. ; ; 
pull (s.): The act of pulling: 1, 
tractus, is: a steady p., modicus t., 


Plin. 9, 46, 70 (tractatus, Sillig). = 
nisus, tis (any effort ; as in Quint. 8, 4, 
9, ad summum non pervenit nisu sed 
impetu): Vv. EFFORT, EXERTION. 

puller: in phr., “ Hroud setter up 
and p. down of kings” (Sbaksp.), qui 
reges extollis ponisque: V. TO PUT DOWN, 
(Comp. tollere seu ponere vult freta, 
Hor. Od. 1, 3, 16.) 

pullet: i.e. a young hen: pullus 
(properly, the young of any animal}: 
used with or without specific adj. galli- 
naceus: pulli gallinacei, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 
1o: Liv. 32, 1. 

pulley; the mechanical power so 
called: orig. the wheel or sheaf; next, 
the sheaf and block, i.e. a single pulley ; 
then, a system of pulleys: trocbléa, 
strictly, the block (also culled rechinus), 


check oneself, draw back, retracto, r: } for one or several sheaves (orbicdli) : 


591 


PULLULATE 


PUMICE 





trochleae, the whole machine: Lucr. 4, 
g06: trochleae Graecanicae binue, a 
system with an upper and lower sheaf, 

Cato R. R. 3, 5. Prov.: to hoist up 

with p.s, trochleis adducere, Quint. 11, 

3, 56: fully described, with technical 

names of the parts, by Vitr. to, 2-5. 

pullulate: pulltilo, 1 (pullulat ab 
radice, Virg. G. 2, 17); wncept. pul- 
lulasco, 3: Col. 4, 21, 3: v. TO SPROUT, 

SHOOT UP. 

pulmonary, pulmonic: i.e. per- 
taining to the lungs: 1, pulmonéus, 

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6 (p. vomitum vomere). 

2, pulmonacéus (good for the lungs): 

comp. p. radicula, Veg. Vet. 1, 12. 3. 

pulmonarius (diseased in the lungs, 

consumptive): comp. p. ovis, p. sus, 

Col. 7, 5,14. Also expr. by pulmonum, 

ad pulmones attinens. P. consumption, 

peripneumonia, ae, f. (wepimvevpovia), 

Coel. Aur. Acut. 2, 25: v. CONSUMPTION, 

CONSUMPTIVE. 
pulp: _ 1. caro, carnis, f. (the p. of 

Jleshy fruits): the juice in the p. of the 

mulberry, moris sucus in carne, Plin. 

15, 24, 27: the p. of a gourd, c. cucurbi- 

tae, id. 28, 14, 58; of olives, carnes oli- 

varum (the stones being called ossa), 

Pall. 12, 19, 13 of pears, carnes pirorum, 

hs 8 5 10h oh 2. pulpa, p. of apples, 

malorum p., Pall. 4, 10, jin. (N.B—Both 
words mean orig. flesh ; then the soft 
part or pulp of fruits: but pulpa may 
be extended to pulp in general, as in 
paper-making.) 

pulpit: J, In the orig. Latin sense, 

a raised platform to speak from : as, 

“ Produce his body to the market-place, 
And in the pulpit, as becomes a friend, 
Speak in the order of his funeral.” 

(Shaksp.) 

1, rostra, orum, 7. (the permanent 
gallery across the Roman forum, from 
which the orators addressed the co- 

Mitia): Liv. 8, 14: Cic. in Pis. 3, fin. 

. Ssuggestus, Us; or -um, i, 7. 

(prop. a raised mound): comp. illud 

Suggestum in quo causam dixerat, 

ascendens, Cic. Div. 1, 54, 124: v. PLAT- 

FORM. 8, pulpitum (a boarded scaf- 

Fold, esp. the stage of a theatre): Suet. 

Ner. 13: Juv. 3, 194: V. STAGE. Il. 

In a church: 1, cathedra (orig. the 

chair of @ teacher or professor, Juv. 7, 

203: hence Fr. chaire = pulpit): for its 

ecclesiastical use, see Du Cang. s. v. 

2. exedra: Aug. (Quich.). Phr.: 

p. eloquence, *facundia sacra: a great p. 

orator, *facundiae sacrae antistes: to 

mount the p., in rostra (cathedram, 

exedram) escendere, Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80. 

To speal: from the p., *ex cathedra loqui 

(prov. for dogmatic teaching). 
pulpous, pulpy: carnosus: the 

other (fruits) are of a p. sort, reliqua 

carnosi sunt generis, Plin. 15, 24, 27: 

ef. carnosissimis (olivis) oleum exiguum, 

id. 15, 3,4: p. or fleshy leaves, c. folia, id. 

16, 6, 8: roots, c. radices, id. 16, 31, 56. 

Also pulpa abundans; and, perhaps, 

mollis. 
pulsate: |. In primary sense: 

to beat or throb like the pulse. mdveor, 2 : 

v. PpuLsE. (N.B.—Pulso, 1, is transitive 

only: but perhaps pulsor may be used.) 

A pulsaling pain, pulsuosus dolor, Coel. 

Aur. Acut. 2, 14. |, Of any similar 

motion, as of the air in producing sound : 

1, perh. pulsibus affici (or *moveri) : 
ef. Gell. 9, 13, animus quatitur et afficitur 
motibus pulsibusque. 2. use gen. 
term agitari; with some defining word 
or words: e.g. tremulo motu [qualis 
venarum fit] agitari. 
pulsation: i.e. a beating or throb- 
bing at recurring intervals. |, Of the 
arteries: i. e. a stroke of the pulse, 
pulsus (venae): pulsation, in general 

Sense, venarum pulsus, pl.: or expr. by 

verb: v. PULSE (I.) I. Any similar 

motion, as of the waves of the sea, of 
sound, of light, etc. pulsus; *motus 

pulsuosus: v. TO PULSATE, PULSE. [II 

As a legal term, a wilful stroke on 

another’s body (Blackstone): pulsatio, 

in its proper active sense: v. BEATING. 

CN.B.—Pulsatio is not used in clas. 

592 








sical Latin for pulsation in the 
sense.) 

pulse (often constructed as a plural 
noun): |]. The beating, or recurring 
motion of the blood in the heart and 
arteries: also, a single stroke of the 
pulse (with pl. pulses): 1. pulsus 
venarum: Plin, 29, 1, 5. (N.B.—The 
ancients called the arteries venae; and 
they believed wind-pipes [arteriae] to 
be distributed through the whole body : 
[v. ARTERY]: then, ascribing the pul- 
sations of the true arteries to these 
“arteriae,’” they also called the pulse 
arteriarum pulsus: the pulse, which is 
most felt at the extremities of the limbs, 
arteriarum p. in cacumine maxume 
membrorum evidens [index fere mor- 
borum], Plin. 11, 37, 88: an even, quick, 
or slow p., art. pulsus per aetates stabilis 
aut cilatus aut tardus, ib.) 9. expr. 
by vénae alone: ¢ the p. beats so, 
he has a fever, si v. sic moventur, is 
habet febrem, Cic. Fat. 8, 15: Cels. 3, 6: 
the p. has quite failed, protinus v. conci- 
derunt, id. 3, 5: we trust the p. most, 
which is very misleading, venis maxime 
credimus, fallacissimae rei, id. 3, 6: the 
p. is natural, venae naturaliter sunt or- 
dinatae, ib.: the p. is slower or quicker 
according to age, sex, and temperament, 
venae leniores celerioresve sunt et aetate 
et sexu et corporum natura, Cels. ib.: 
to quicken the p., venas concitare, re- 
solvere, movere, turbare, ib.: to feel the 
p. venas tentare, Suet. Tib. 72, jin.; 
v. tangere, Pers. 3,107; pulsum venarum 
attingere, Tac.; venarum pulsum et 
momenta captare, Apul. Fig.: lo 
Feel one's p. (= to sound one), *alicujus 
voluntatem, mentem, tentare; or, with 
acc. of person: cf. Tac. H. 1, 75: v. TO 
sounp. Phr.: the p. of life (Shaksp.), 
*pulsus vitales: the p. of states (Claren- 
don), *quasi venae quaedam civitatum : 
My temperate p. does regularly beat (Dry- 
den), *pulsus venarum stabiles in corde 
moventur. 8. ictus, tis (sc. arteri- 
arum), @ stroke of the p.: a quick or 
slow p., crebri aut languidi ictus [guber- 
nacula vitae temperat], Plin. 11, 37, 88. 

|]. Any similar movement, as of 

sound, light, etc.: the vibrations or p.s 
of this medium (said of light, Newton) : 
pulsus, ictus, vibratio (all by analogy): 
V. OSCILLATION. _— [|], Any leguminous 
esculent vegetable (generally constructed 
as plural): légimen, inis, ”., also pl. ; 
let them give us p. to eat, dentur nobis 1. 
ad vescendum, Vulg. Dan. i. 12: the 
earth abounds in fruits and various 
sorts of pulse, terra feta frugibus et va- 
rio leguminum genere, Cic. N. D. 2, 62. 
Also legumentum, Gell. 4, rr. Adj. le- 
guminarius (Inscr. Orell. No. 3093): as 
subs. a pulse-seller (oompromwaAns ), Gloss. 
Philox. 

pulsion, obsol. (More, Bentley): the 
act or motion of driving or drawing : 
Vv. PROPULSION. 

pulverisation: v. PULVERISE. 

pulverise: to crush or grind to 
powder * 1, (full expression) in pul- 
verem contéro, 3: the dry root of baccar 
p.d, baccaris radix arida in pulverem 
contrita, Plin. 26, 11, 70. Also téro, 
contéro, obtéro, comminuo (absol.): v. 
TO POUND, GRIND. 2, in late Lat. 
only, pulvéro, 1 (prop. to scatter dust, to 
dust over): Calp. Ecl. 5, 88: and pul- 
verizo, 1: a drachm of p.d frankin- 
cense, turis pulverizati drachma, Veg. 
Vet. 1, 54. The act of ping or pulve- 
risation (e.g. by digging up the soil 
round vines), pulveratio: it (the vine) 
is made more fruitful by p.ing the soil, 
tum et crebris fossionibus implere [con- 
venit]: nam fit uberior pulverationibus, 
Col. 4, 28. 

puma: a feline beast of prey, inha- 
biting the warm regions of America: 
being unknown to the ancients, can only 
be expr. (according to their frequent 
usage) by the name of its genus, féles, 
is, f., or *f. Americana. 

pumice, pumice-stone: @ light 
stone, thrown out of voicanoes: pamex, 
icis, m.: Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 2 (f. Cat. 1, 2): 





PUN 





neuter | pl. p. rocks (used poet. of any rocks), 


(hiems) quae nunc oppositis debiliitat 
pumicibus mare, Hor. Od. 1,11, 5. Pbhr.: 
to smooth with p.-stone, pamico, 1: 
Lucil. in Non. 95, 16: polished with p., 
e. g. hand, pumicata manus, Mart. 5, 
41: forehead, p. frons, id. 1, 67. Adj 
of p.-stone, pumiceus: e. g. p. molae 
Ov. F. 6, 318: p. antra, Stat. S. 3, 1 
144: fountains springing from p., p. 
fontes, Mart. 4, 57: eyes like pumice- 
stone (i. e. stony, dry), p. oculi, Pl. Ps. 
1, 1,73. Like p.-stone (i. e. porous), pu- 
micosus: p. terra, Plin. 17, 5, 3 § 34: 
lapis, id. 36, 19, 34. 

pummel: v. POMMEL. 

pump (subs.) : |. 4 machine for 
raising water: antlia, f. (gen. term): 
the p. raises water obtained with toil, for 
the thirsty gardens, quas det sitientibus 
hortis curva laboratas a. tollit aquas, 
Mart. 9, 19, 3-4 (curva points to the 
swinging pole and bucket, which was 
also called tolléno, Onis, m.: Plin. 19, 4, 
20). ‘The following sorts are distin- 
guished: (1.) organum pneumaticum, 
Plin. 19, 4,20. (2) haustrum : a3 we 
see rivers turn wheels and pumps, ut 
fluvios versare rotas atque haustra vi- 
demus, Lucr. 5, 517. (3.) tympanum 
(the lift-pump, a wheel turned by water, 
or by manual labour, with buckets or 
jars round it): also called hydromila, 
J., Vitr. 10, 9, 10: and rota, Plin. l.c.: 
tympanum also denotes a kind of chain- 
pump. (4.) the Archimedean screw p., 
cochléa, f.: Vitr. 10, 11, 4. (5.) a sort 
of force - pump, Ctesibica machina, Vitr. 
10, 12. (6.) a ship’s p., sentinacilum 
(prop. a sort of scoop for raising the 
bilge-water out of the well of the hold, 
sentina): Paul. Non. Ep. 36, 3. (7.) @ 
Jire-p., or fire-engine, sipho, Onis, m. 
(Gk,), Plin. Ep. 10, 42: Ulp. Dig. 33, 7, 
12: Vv. WATERWORKS (cf. Dict. of Ant. 
s. v. Antlia). I]. 4 light thin-soled 
shoe: soccus, m., Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 127: 


Cat. 61, to: Suet. Cal. 52. Dimin. 
socciilus, m., Suet. Vit. 2, fin. 
pump (v.): A, Trans.: |, fo 


pump, pump up or out (object, water) s 
]. haurio, si, stum, 4: machines 
for p.ing water, organa, quae ad hauri- 
endam aquam inventa sunt, Vitr. 10, 9, 
Lis 2. tollo, 3: the plan of the screw, 
which raises a great body of water, but 
does not p. it up so high as the wheel, 
cocbleae ratio, quae magnam vim haurit 
aquae, sed non tam alte toliit quam 
rota, Vitr. 10, 11, I. 3. égéro, ssi, 
stum, 3: one p.s out the water (from a 
ship), egerit hic fluctus, Ov. M. 11, 488. 
Also, antlia haurire, tollere, egerere, 
aquam, undam, etc.: Vv. TO DRAW OFF 
AND OUT, RAISE (water). (N.B.—Antlo 
and exantlo or -clo, doubtful: their use 
depends partly on their true etymology, 
see Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. vv.) Fig.: to 
pump a person, or a thing out of a per- 
son: expiscor, 1: proinde expiscare, 
quasi non nosses, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 35: ne- 
scis me ab illo omnia expiscatum ? Cic. 
Fam. 9, 19. I]. fo pump, pump out, 
pump dry (object, the vessel, e. g.a ship’): 
exhaurio, 4: others p. out the hold, alii 
sentinam ex., Cic. Sen. 6, 17: v. DRAIN. 
Exhaurio may also be used with acc. ef 
that which is removed by pumping, ct. 
Tac. A. 2, 23, non adhaerere ancoris, 
non exhaurire irrumpentes undas pote- 
rant (could not p. the ships dry). B. 
Intrans.: usu. translate by supplying 
the object: v. supr. The act of pump- 
ing, haustus, tis, m.: (gardens) watered 
Srom a well by the wheel, or engines, 
pumping by lifting machines, (hortos) 
e puteo rota organisve pneumaticis vel 
tollenorum haustu rigatos, Plin. 19, 4, 
20. 
pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo, Linn.): 
pépo, dnis, m.; and meélépépo, Snis, m. : 
Plin. 19, 5, 23. Dimin. pepunculus, m.. 
Not. ‘fer. p. 168. 
pun (suzbs.) : difficult to find an exact 
Latin equivalent: several gen. terms 
for jest, point, wit, etc., may be used. 
1, perb. most specific légi (Adyor) : 
logos ridiculos vendo, Pl. Pers. 3, 1, 66+ 





PUN 





omnes logos, qui ludis dicti sunt, ani- 
madvertisse, Cic. Fr. ap. Non. 63, 18. 
2. Cicero, himself an inveterate pun- 
ster, probably included puns under facé- 
tiae, when he says, ego mirifice capior 
facetiis, maxime nostratibus, Cic. kam. 
9,15: cf. id. de Or. 2, 61, 248, facetiis au- 
tem maxime homines delectari, si quando 
Tisus conjuncte re verboque moveutur. 
(More definitely, *facetiarnm id genus 
quod in similitudine verborum vertitur.) 
3. puns are at least ‘ncluded under 
acumen in the following: genus acuminis 
in reprehendendis verbis, nonnunquam 
frigidum, interdum etiam facetum, Cic. 
Brut. 67, %36, 158 (cf. id. de Or. 2, 38). 
And this suits the probable etymology 
(from Fr. pointe), as does acileus, m. 
(v. Cie, Ac. Post. 2, 31, 98). 4, argi- 
tidla, f. (?): prop a quibble, Gell. 9, 14. 
Other terms, perhaps more or less ad- 
missible, are, alliisio (Am. 7, 229), or a. 
verborum, jocus, jociilus, jécilaria, lusus 
verborum, ridiculum dictum, Quint. 6, 3, 
6: dull and far-fetched p.s, trigidi et ar- 
cessiti joci, Suet. Claud. 21: the wretched 
ps made upon Verres (by Cicero), quae 
sunt in Verrem dicta frigidius, Quint. 6, 
3, 4. (N.B.—The play upon words, as 
a regular figure of speech, which is only 
a more solemn pun, was called by the 
grammarians agnominatio, f., or paro- 
nhomasia [rapovonacia}, Quint. 9, 3, 
66. 
ss (v.): to make puns: (?) logos 
dicere, Cic. Fr. ap. Non. 63, 18: to p. 
upon, allido, 3, with dat.; Cicero Tre- 
batio alludens, Quint. 3, 11, 18. Also, 
perhaps, argutor, 1; jécor, 1; jociilor, 1. 
A punster: argutator, Gell. 17, 5, 133 
homo lusor, Pl. Am. a 2, 62: homo 
jocosus, jéciilarius, ridiciilus. 
punch (subs.): |. A pointed in- 
strument, which, wnen struck, pierces a 
hole, distinguished from a DRILL, which 
pierces by boring : no known word ; but, 
this distinction not being always exact, 
we may perb. use térébra (gimlet), 
pierce with a p. the vine-stock you are 
going to graft, terebra vitem quam in- 
seres pertundito, Cat. R. R. 41. The 
word is commonly used for an instru- 
ment which punches out a piece of the 
stuff, *terebra cavata. Ferrum may also 
be used with the verb. Sometimes for 
an instrument which indents a mark, 
without penetration, forma: v. STAMP. 
I]. The stroke of a punch, ictus, ts: 
Vv. BLOW, STROKE: also (vulg.) a blow 
with the fist (or elbow, etc.): 1, pug- 
aus: fo give one a p., pugnum ducere 
alicui, Paul. Dig. 47, 10,4. 2, obtiisio: 
Lampr. Comm. ito. 3, percussio: p.s 
on the head, capitis percussiones, Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 26, 62 (adapted): v. BLow. 
(Il. Zhe beverage: untranslatable. 
unless perh. calidum (caldum), or calida 
(calda) (denoting some warm drink), 
may serve: they drink p. in the gin- 
shop, in thermopolio caldum bibunt, 
Plaut. Cure. 2, 3, 14 (adapted): cf. Varr. 
L. L. 5, 27, 36. A p.bowl: cratér, éris, 
m. (xpatnp, i.e. mixing-bowl), prop. a 
oow! for mizing wine with water, Ov. 
M. 8, 66y: cratéra, f., Hor. Od. 3, 18, 
7: also authepsa, f., a vessel in which 
warm drinks were kept hot, like a tea- 
urn: v. Smith’s Dict. of Ant.s. v. Calida : 
a p.-ladle, trulla, f., trulla vinaria, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 27, 62: Hor. S. 2, 3, 144: and 
perhaps cyathus, Hor. Od. 3, 8, 13: v. 
Dict. of Ant. s. v. IV, The hero of 
the a Rated untrans.: perhaps we 
may Latinize the original Italian Pun- 
cinello, or Policinello, *Puncinellus or 
Policinellus. 
punch (v.): |. Also punch out, 
punch through: to perforate with an 
instrument by a blow: with obj., some- 
times the thing pierced more usually 
the hole; but in Latin always the 
former: 1, pertundo, tidi, tisum, 3: 
Pp. a hole through the bottom of a pot, 
calicem pertundito per fundum, Cat. 
R. R. 52: if (the horse) has p.’d his hoof 
through with a sharp potsherd or stone, 
si acuta testa vel lapide ungulam per- 
tuderit, Col. R. R. 6, 15. 2, térébro 


a a a 8k, 


aS 
[7 ~ 


PUNCTUAL 





I: Vv. TO BORE. 8. pungo, 3: v. To 
PRICK, PUNCTURE. di. Yo indent with- 
out perforating : and (vulg.) to give a 
blow with the fist (elbow, etc.): re 
percitio [in imperf. tenses usu. fériv, 4), 
cussi, cussum, 3: esp. of stamping mo- 
ney, Suet. Aug. 94. 2. foidio, fodi, 
fossum, 3: don't p. mein the side, noli 
f., Ter. Hec. 3, 5,17. Also, fidico, 1: 
Hor. Ep. 1,6, §1 (alicuilatusf.). 3, ob- 
tundo, tiidi, tisum, 3: top. the chest with 
Jists, obt. pectora pugnis, Firm. Math. 
5,5: I’m p.d black and blue, sum ob- 
tusus pugnis pessume, Pl. Am. 2, 1, 59: 
then he p.’s my jaw, vbtundit os mibi, 
id. Cas. 5, 2, 50. 
punchy, i. e. of a short, thick, fat 

jigure: dbésus, Fest. s, v.: v. FAT. 
puncheon, i.e. @ large cask, Fest. 
8. V. 1, ddlium: Cat. R. R. 65, ct: 
Hor. Od. 3, 11, 27. 2. culéus (cuil.): 
prop. a leather bag for holding liquids. 
As a liquid measure, the culeus = 115 
gallons: the puncheon=84 gallons = 
X11. amphorae about. 
punctilio (dim. of puncto, which is 
used in the same sense by Bacon, 
Henry VIL): a small nwety in conduct, 
behaviour, proceeding, or argument: 
1, usu. expr. by circuml.: mindful 
of every p. of propriety, *circa decori 
curam usque ad morositatem diligens 
atque studiosus: cf. PUNCTILIOUSNESS. 
2. perh. cavillatio (a captious nicety) : 
silly p.s, c. ineptae, Quint. 7,9, 4: @ thou- 
sand p.s of law, mille juris c., id. 7. 4, 
37- 3. spina (a thorny subtlety): 
esp. tn philosophy and dialectics (cf. 
Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 79, mec acerbitatem 
sententiarum disserendi spinas probavit : 
id. Tusc. 4, 5, (Peripatetici) partiendi 
et definiendi spinas praetermittunt: v. 
QUIBBLE). 4, a proud nicety as to 
points of conduct: fastidium, Cic. de Or, 
I, 61, 258: “punctilio is out of doors, 
the moment a daughter clandestinely 
quits her father’s house”’ (Kichardson), 
*fastidii nihil superest, simul ac, ete. 
punctilious: 1. scrupiilosus: p. 
care, s. cura, Val. Max. 1, 1, 3: the 
most p. observance of divine worship, 
scrupnlosissimus cultus deorum, Apul. 
de Deo Socr. p. 43. 2. morosus (ez- 
cesstvely particular): p. in personal 
habits, circa curam corporis morosior, 
Suet. Caes. 45. 3, religiosus (extremely 
careful and conscientious): Vv. SCRUPU- 
LOUs. 4, subtilis: v. NIcE. 5, As 
subs.: calumniator, (they exclaim that) 
to adhere to the letter, is the part of a p. 
person, etc., scriptum sequi, calumni- 
atoris esse: boni judicis, voluntatem 
scriptoris auctoritatemque defendere, 
Cic. Caec. 23, 65: one who is p. about 
his work, calumniator sui, Plin. 34, 8 
(19), 25. 
punctiliously : scripilosé: that 
minute and p.-distributed exactness of 
division, tenuis illa et in partes secta 
divisionis diligentia, Quint. 4, 5,6: comp. 
minutius et scrupulosius scrutantur om- 
nia, id. 5, 14, 28. 
punctiliousness: 1. réligio (scru- 
pulous care and conscientiousness, as in 
a religious matter): cf. Cic. Br. 82, 283, 
oratio nimia attenuata religione (too 
punctilious accuracy). 2. mordsitas 
(over-nicety): Suet. Tib. 70 (affectatio et 
morositas, of style). 8. scripitilositas 
(rare; not in Cic.): Col. 11, 1, fin. 
4, perh. cavillatio, f.: an unhappy 
p. about words, infelix illa verborum 
c., Quint. 10, 7, 14. Phr.: frivdla et 
inanis argutidla, Gell. 2, 7. 

punction: v. PUNCTURE. 

puncto: v. PUNCTILIO. 

punctual: |, Consisting in a point 
obs.), as, “ Round this opacous earth, 
this punctual spot’? (Milwn): perh. 
punctus (adj.), lit. pricked in: puncto 
mundo or orbi, like puncto tempore, 
Lucr. 2, 263. — |]. Hxact, coinciding to 
@ point (obs.) : accuratus, esp. in superl.: 
the punctual exactness (of description in 
a letter), earum (sc. litterarum) accu- 
ratissima diligentia, Cic. Att. 7, 3, 1: v. 
EXACT, PRECISE. ||], Exact in keeping 
engagements : aa? : “ punctually 

2 


— SSS 


PUNGENCY 





just (or punctual) to perform what he 
knew requisite” (Raleigh), omnis officif 
diligentissimus, Cic, Cvel. 30, 73. IV 
Esp., exact in keeping to time: 1 
expr. by ad tempus or tempori: to be p. 
(or, to return pur ctually), ad tempus 
redire, Cic. Att. 13, 45,2. Phr.: a p. 
man, qui vult sua tempori conficere 
officia, Pl. Kud. 4, 2, 16. 2. diligens, 
ntis (in wider sense; careful of pro- 
priety in every way): V. CAREFUL, aT 
TENTIVE, 3. promptus: cf. Nep. 
Them. 1: p. in business, in rebus ge- 
Tendis promptus: v. PROMPT. 
punctuality (in older writers, punc- 
tualness) : 1. Ezactness, observance 
of minute points; esp. of time: dili- 
gentia, Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 150: punctual 
tties (in preserving the text, e.g. of SS.: 
v. Johnson), tenuis illa divisionis 4., 
Quint. 4, 5, 6: cf. d. scribendi, id. 10, 1, 
3, and 10, 3, 27: all depends on your 
good faith and p., in tua fide ae dili- 
gentia positum est, Quint. Ep. ad I'rypb. 
3: p.in executing commissions, mea d 
mandatorum tuorum, Cie. Tup. 5: p. in 
household affairs, domestica d., id. Oecon. 
1. Join: cura et d.; assiduitas ct d.; 
d. et industria. Want of p., negligentia. 
2. expr. by tempori (or e), or ad 
tempus, in their proper counection: v. 
PUNCTUAL (IV.). 
punctually: 1, diligenter: to do 
all things p., curare omnia diligentis- 
sime, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, fin.: also expr. 
by diligentia, conferre d. ad aliquem 
rem, id. Off. 1, 39, 138. 2, tempori 
(or e), ad tempus: Cannius came to 
supper p., ad coenam tempore venit 
Cannius, id. 3, 14, 58: to come p., ad 
tempus venire, advenire, Cic. ot punc- 
tually: négligenter. Join: studivse 
diligenterque 
punctuate: 1, interpungo, nxi, 
netum, 3: we are accustomed to p. as 
we write, cum scribimus, int. consuevi- 
mus, Sen. Ep. 40. 2. distinguo, nxi, 
nctum, 3, May perbaps be used, but its 
more exact reference is to the division 
of the sense, and to pause in reading, 
Quint. 1, 8, 15 et alib. 
punctuation : 1, interpunctio 
aud interpunctum (the latter, the mark 
itself), usu. pl.: the p. of words, in- 
terpunctiones verborum, Cic. Mur. 11, 
25: interpuncta verborum, id. de Or. 3 
4, 181. Q. distinctio, ib. 3, 48, 186. 
puncture (subs.): a small prick: 
|. Phe act (=pricking), punctio, 
Plin. 25, 13 (94), 150; punctus, Us, m. : 
Plin. 29, 6 (38), 131: Apul. M. 7, p. 196; 
and (late and doubtful) punctira, e. g. 
teli, Firm. Math. 8, 21. Il. The hole 
punctured: punctum, n., Plin. L c. § 148: 
Mart. 11, 45. 
puncture (v.): 
PRICK. 
pundit: a learned Brahman, versed 
in Sanscrit lore, used for a person of 
high authority (real or affected) in spe- 
cial learning: keep the word *pundita 
(quem dicunt): a learned p., *p. doctis- 
simus. Or expr. by Phr.: *vir mire 
doctus or doctissimus; vir omni doctrina 
instructissimus. 
pungency: @ pricking or stinging 
quality. |. Affecting the organs of 
sense, esp. the nose, as snuff, hartshorn, 
etc.; the tongue, as acids and acrid 
things ; the eves, as smoke and vapours 
1, express by verb, pungo: v. PUN- 
GENT. 9. morsus, ts: the p. of vine- 
gar, aceti m.: cf. Mart. 7, 25, nec cibus 
ipse juvat morsu fraudatus acetl: esp. 
when a corrosive power is implied, as 
“any substance which by its p. can 
wound the worms, will kill them, as 
steel and hartshorn” (Arbuthnot): “f 
scabros nigrae morsu rubiginis ensts, 
Lucan 1, 243. 3, acrimonia (either 
an agreeable or disagreeable sharpness) 
sweet with a certain p. (of the gum 
called sarcocolla), cum quadam a. dul 
cis, Plin. 24, 14, 78: Uf the sore cannot 
bear the p. (or smart) of the cabbage, s 
ulcus acrimoniam brassicae ferre nop 
poterit, Cato R. R. 157. Also acritas, 
Gell. 13, 3, and acritudo, inis, 7, Vir 
593 


puugo, 3: v. TO 


PUNGENT 





2, Q. 4. acerbitas (only of unplea- 
sant sensatims ; as the sourness of 
unripe fruit), Plin. 15, 14, 15: for fig. 
sense, compare Cic. Planc. 38, 92, 
fructus non laetos et uberes, sed magna 
acerbitate permixtus tulissem. Il. 
The quality of keenly affecting the 
mind ; said of keen uit or sarcasm: 
1, aciléus (esp. pl.): in debate 
witty with some p., in altercands cum 
aliquo a. et male dicto facetus, Cic. 
Brut. 47, 173: the p. (or stings) of sa- 
casm, aculei contumeliarum, id. de Or. 
2, 55, 222. 2. acerbitas: joined with 
sal (sult wit), satirical p. with over- 
flowing wit, a. et abunde salis, Quint. 
10, 1,94. 93, acrimonia, acritas (rare): 
the fo.ce and p. o/ truth, vis veritatis 
atque acritas, Ait. in Non. 4y?,14. 4, 
stimuli, orum: the p, of grief, stimuli 
doloris, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 66 (cf. morsus 
doloris, the stings of grief, id. ib. 4, 7). 
pungent: pricking (see def. under 
pungency). |, Lit.: “With pungent 
pains on every side, So Regulus in tor- 
ment died’’ (Swilt), *aciléati dolores 
(like a literae, v. infr.): or, *Regulus 
ut stimulis pungentibus undique cor- 
pus, Tormentis moritur (v. Iucr. 2, 460). 
I]. To the senses: e.g. of snuff, 
“the pungent grains of titillating 
dust” (Pope), *pulveris titilluntis pun- 
gentia gruna: 1. acttus: the p. taste 
of acids, acutus sapor; saporum genera 
XIII. reperiuntur, dulcis, suavis, pin- 
guis, amarus, austerus, acer, acutus, 
acerbus, acidus, salsus, etc., in vinis et 
austerus et acutus et dulcis et suavis, 
Plin. 15, 27, 32, § 106. 2, mordax: 
p. vinegar, m. acetum, Pers. 5, 86: so, 
succus croci mordax, Plin. 25, 8, 50. 
3. acer, cris, cre (the primary sense 
of the word): let him avoid p. things, 
such as mustard, onion, garlick, ut vitet 
acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Varr, 
in Non. 201, 14. Ill. Zo the mind 
and feelings : 1, aciléatus: a p. 
letter, a. literae, Cic. Att. 14, 18: of 
sharp words, aculeata sunt, Animum 
fodicant, bona distimulant, facta et famam 
sauciant, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 29-30. 2. 
mordax: e.g. carmen, Ov. Tr. 2, 563: 
invidia, Phaedr. 5, prol. 8: verum, Pers. 
I, 107. Other words may be used ac- 
cording to the context, as, salsus, crimi- 
nosus, malignus. Phr.: p. exigencies 
(Fell): *acriter urgens discrimen. 70 
be p. (of things), *aculeum habere: and, 
when an object is admissible, mordeo, 2 ; 
mordico, 1; stimilo, 1: (of persons), 
*acerbum esse, e. g. in conviciis. 
pungently ; acriter, Cic. 
punice: @ bug (Hudibras): cimex, 
icis, m.: V. BUG. 
puniness: V. PUNY. 
punish: 1, piinio (arch. poenio, 
Gell. 6, 14), less freq pinior, dep. 4: 
with object of the thing: to p. offences, 
peccata p., Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66: obj. of 
the person: to p.the guilty, p. sontes, id. 
Off. 1, 24. Also with abl. of the penalty, 
hep.’d Philemon with death, Philemonem 
morte puniit, Suet. Caes. 74: self-p.ing, 
ipse se puniens, Cic. l'usc. 3, 27: but 
anger in p.ing is to be utterly excluded, 
prohibenda autem maxime est ira in 
puniendo, id. Off. 1, 25. 89. The dep. 
form occurs, ib. 1, 25, 88 (puniri ali 
quem): and id. l'use. 1, 44,17 (inimicos 
puniuntur). 9. animuadverto, ti, sum, 
3 (a judicial terns = take cognizance of), 
foll. by in and acc.: cf. qui institueras 
animadvertere in eos, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, 
57: (aesar thought there was suf} cient 
reason why he should either himself p 
Dumnoriz, or order the state to p. him, 
satis esse causae arbitrabatur quare in 
eum aut ipse animadverteret, aut civi- 
tatem animadvertere juberrt Caes. K. G. 
1,19. In pass. with the offence as sub- 
ject: a thing to be p.d by the mayis- 
trates, res a magistratibus animadver 
tenda, Cic, Caec. 12: (cf. PUNISHABLE). 
Esp. of corporaland capntal punishment : 
(Horatius said) he would have p.’'d his 
son by his right as a father, ni ita esset, 
patrio jure in filium animadversurum 
tuisse, Liv. 1, 20: te p. a person un- 
594 


PUNISH 


heard, in aliquem a., indicta causa, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 2: in pass. use impers. form: 
M. Icelus had been openly p.’d, in M. 
Icelum palam animadversum, Tac. H. 1, 
46: to p. with scouiging (before execu- 
tion), in aliquem verberibus a., Sall. Cat. 
50: (ef. EXECUT"). 8. expr. by 
poenas or supplicium sumo, poenas 
capio (to exact satisfaction); and in 
pass. poenas do (to give sutigfuction, 
incur a penalty): supplicium, chiefly 
of corporal and cap.tal punishment: 
(Caesar) p.’d Acco after the manner of 
his ancestors, de Accone More majorum 
supplicium sumpsit, Caes. B. G. 6, 44: 
I haven’t time to punish you as I would 
(fr. a master to a slave), non habeo spa- 
tium ut de te sumam supplicium, ut 
volo, Ter. Andr. 3, 5, 17: with all of 
the means: de homine nobili virgis 
supplicium crudelissinie sumere, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 2, 37,91. Correl., to let a per- 
son p. one, be p.’d, supplicium alicui 
dare de: cf. illide me supplicium dabo, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 86: v. PUNISHMENT. 

4. castigo, 1 (fr. castus; lit. make 
clean, heuce implying discipline): (Rha- 
damanthus) p.’s and hears their frauds, 
castigatque auditque dolos, Virg. Aen. 
6, 567: the oftener the master chides, 
the seldomer will he p., quo saepius 
(magister) monuerit, hoc rarius casti- 
gabit, Quint. 2, 2, 5: v. TO CHASTISE. 

5, vindico, 1 (obj. of the offence = 
take vengeance for, avenge), with in 
aliquo of the person: cf. (Scipio) qui 
Ti. Gracchi conatus perditos vindicavit, 
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 1<g: that fraud had been 
p.'d even by the laws, iste dolus malus 
etiam legibus erat vindicatus, ib. 3, 15, 
61: whatever you p. in another should 
be earnestly shunned in yourself, omnia 
quae vindicaris in altero, sibi ipsi vehe- 
menter fugienda sunt, id. Verr. 2, 3, 2, 
4: the crime which I had p.d in others, 
quod maleficium in aliis vindicassem, 
id. Sull. 6, 19: with the person only, 
pass. usu. impers. with in and acc.: if 
the guilty be not p.’d, nisi vindica- 
tum in noxios, Sall. Jug. 31. 6. 
plecto, 3 (lit. smite): they pardon them- 
selves and p. their god, quae sibi ig- 
noscunt, et plectunt deum, Aus. Id. 6, 
praef.: to p. with death, capite aliquem 
p., Cod. Just. 9, 20,7. But in the best 
age, we find only puss.: the people are p.’d 
Sor the madness of their kings, quidquid 
delirant reges, plectuntur Achivi, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 2, 14. With abl. of the manner 
or means ; tergo plecti (to be p.'d by 
scourging), id. S. 2, 7, 105: im many 
things ve are p.’d through carelessness, 
multis in rebus negligentia plectimur, 
Cic. Am. 22, 85: or abl. with in: let the 
penalty be equal to the crime, so that 
every one may be p.’d in the sort of his 
crime, noxiae poena par esio, ut in suo 
vitio quisque plectatur, id. Leg. 3, 20, 
46. With gen. of the offence (late): 
to be p.d for false pretence, insiniula- 
tionis falsae plecti, Apul. Apol. 274. 

7. multo, r (fr. multa, a /ne, 
mulct ; to p. by a judicial infliction, 
orig. a fine): with ab/. of the means or 
manner: cf. accusatorem multa et poena 
multavit, Cic. Bal. 18: with ace. of the 
offence, cf. vitia autem hominum atque 
fraudes damnis, ignominiis, vinculis, 
verberibus, exsiliis, morte multantur, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194: to p. an imprrator 
by deposition from his provinie, m. 
imperatorem deminutione }rovinciae, 
id. Prov. Cons. 15. (N.B—Muleo, 1: 
perhaps only another form of multo, 
is used of severe co: poral chastisement : 
ef. verberibus m., Tac. Ann. 1, 32. but 
nearly always answers to beat rather 
than p. [unless the pugilistic sense 
be admitted]: ef. mulcato corpore, ib. 
T, 70.) 8, perséquor, 3, dep. (follow 
up bring to justice) : obj. of thing p.’d: 
to p. crimes, maieficia p., Sall. Cat. 52, 
init. Also, exsequor, 3: cf. delicta ex., 
Suet. Caes. 67. And in same _ sense 
frequent. sector, 1, dep.: don’t p. with 
the terrible scourge one who deserves the 
switch, nescutica dignum horribili sectere 
flagellu, Hor. Sat. 1, 4, 119, also, later 9, 


PUNISHMENT 


verbéro, 1 (of corporal punishment): 
Vv. FLOG, SCOURGE. Alsv, verberibus 
caedere, fériila caedere, 1 don’t fear your 
p.ing with the 10d one uho deserves to 
undergo severer stripes, pam ut ferula 
caedas meritum mujora subire Verbera, 
non vereur, Hor. Sat 1,4, 120-1. 10, 
ulciscor, ultus, 3, dep. (to avenge): in- 
jurias rei publicae, Cic. Phil. 6, 1, 2: 
istius nefarium scelus, id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, 
68: v. TO AVEXGE. Join. istius in- 
jurias ulcisci et persequi, id. ib. 2, 3, 9. 
11. top. as a warning or example: 
exemplum (or a) in aiiquem statuere, 
edere, or facere: v. EXAMPLE, WAKNING. 
Phr.: to be p.’d as an exumple (be made 
an example of), exempla fieri: who, 
d’ ye say, ts to be p.’d ? quid ais, in quem 
exempla fient? ‘er. Eun. 5, 4, 26. 
(Comp. also the words signifying various 
modes of punishment.) 
punishable: expr. by ger. part. 
of punio, animadverto: p. crimes, a. 
peccata, Cic. Rosc. Am. 40: an offence 
p. by the magistrates, res a magistratibus 
a., Cic. Caec. 12. 8. poena, supplicio 
dignus, of persons and offences: v. 
PUNISHMENT. 4, sons, ntis: v. GUILTY. 
Phr.: legal authorities hold conceal- 
ment (in a bargain) to be p., a juris- 
consultis etiam reticentiae poena est 
constituta, Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65. 
punisher : 1, punitor, m.: a 
must severe p. of the seditious, seditio- 
sorum p. acerrimus, Suet. Caes. 67. Q, 
expr. by verb: 
“This knows my punisher: therefore 
as far 
From granting he, as I from begging, 
peace.”—MILTON. 
*is qui me punitur, me castigat, in me 
animadvertit, in me supplicium sumit, 
ulciscitur, vindicat, etc. 3. ultor: cf. 
conjurationis investigator atque u., Cic. 
Sull. 30, 85: v. AVENGER. 4, vindex, 
icis: p. of @ conspiracy, Vv. conjura- 
tionis, Cic. Fam. 5,6: the Furies p.s of 
crimes and guilt, Furiae deae vindices 
ras et scelerum, Cic. N.D. 3, 18, 
46. 
punishment: |]. Concrete: the 
penalty inflicted. 1, poena, often pl. 
( = rom, orig. payment, compensation : 
in many passages convertible with SATIS- 
FACTION and PENALTY: the most gene- 
ral term): eight kinds of p.s are recog- 
nised in the laws, octo poeuarum genera 
in legibus continentur, Cic. Ap. Aug. C. D. 
21, 11: (that) death is the end of our 
being, not a p., mortem naturae finem 
esse, non p.m, Cic. Mil. 37, 101: to en- 
Jorce respect by p., observantiam sancire 
poena, id. Pianc. 19, 47. Constr. with 
gen. of the penalty, e.g. exsilii, mortis, 
Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 7, etc.: p. capitis, capital 
p., Caes. B. G. 4, 71: wilh gen. of the 
offence: the divine p. of perjury, per- 
jurii p. divina, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22: also 
gen. of the outraged thing or person, 
let there be a p. for breaking the law, 
poena violati juris esto, ib.: rarely with 
gen. of the offender: to inflict p. on the 
deserver, sumpsisse merentis poenas, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 585: alsu with gen. of 
the subject or source’ p. appointed by 
the gods, Deorum immuortalium poenae 
certissimae coustitutae, Cic. in Pis. 20, 
46; gravissin ae legum pvenae, ib. 21, 
59. Sometimes with double gen. of sub- 
ject and object: the p. of forgery 
among the Dorylenses ts severer than 
else here. poena est Dorylensium (al. 
leg. Dorylai, at Dorylaeum) gravicr, 
quam apnd alios, falsarum et corrup- 
turum litterarum, id. Flice. 17, 39. 
Yo assign, award, fix, estublish, im- 
pose, & p. or p.s, Poenain, poenas con- 
stituere, Caes. B. G. 6, 135; statuere, 
Suet. Caes. 143 addere, Cic. Mur. 23,475 
irrogare (strictly, with ref. to penal laws 
proposed to the people). Hor. S 1, 4, 
117; imponere, Gell. 6, 14. Yo inflict 
p. on, afficere aliquem poena, Cic. Off. 2, 
5, fin.; p. capere de aiquo, Liv. 2, §, 
med.; in aliquem, Curt. 4, 6: poenam 
sumere ex [scelerato sanguine} Virg. 
Aen. 12, 949: oftener absol., sumere 
poenas, Gell. 6, 14: Virg. To inflict 


, 


PUNISHMENT 


PUNISHMENT 


POr 





(as 4 commom practice) some form of p. 
upon ..., genus poenae usurpare in: 
hoe genus poenae saepe in improbos 
cives in hac republica esse usurpatum, 
Cic. Cat. 4, 4,7. Tv incur (make oneself 
liable to) p, poenam (also, in p.) com- 
mittere: has the p. (or penalty) been 
incurred, or ought it to be inflicted? 
an commissa sit poena? an exigi debeat? 
Quint. 7,4, 20: cf. committere in poe- 
nam edicti, Gai. Dig. 2, 2, 4: also, 
poenam contrahere (after anal. of dam- 
num, periculum contrahere): to be 
liable to a particular p., teneri aliqua 
poena, Cic. Q. F. 2, 3, med.: so, poenis 
obligari, Cic. de Fin. 1,14, 47. To suffer, 
undergo, receive, p. (strictly, pay the 
penalty, give satisfaction), either absol., 
or with dat. of the injlicter, or person 
aggrieved, and gen. of the offence (also 
pro), and abl. of the means or mode: 
poenam (poenas) dare, Cic. N. D. 3, 32, 
81 (poenas morte dedit): so, with abl. 
of crime: Trebonium dedisse poenas: 
quo scelere? Cic.: poenas sceleris pen- 
dere, ib. 3, 33, 81: dependere, id. Sext. 
67, 140; expendere, id. Tusc. 2, 9, 223 


solvere, id. Mil. 31, 85; persolvere (to | 


the full extent of one's guilt), Caes. B. G. 
I, 12; luere (with the notion of blotting 
out or atoning for guilt by p.), Ov. Met. 
3, 625: to bear or undergo a p., p. subire, 
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65: also, p. ferre, Auct. 
pro dom. 52, 134; perferre, Cic. Sext. 69, 
145; sufferre, id. Fl. 38, 96: sustinere, 
Auct. pro dom. 52, 135; habere, Cic. 
Leg. 2, 17, 44. To remit the p. of an 
offender at the request (or for the sake) 
of any one, poenam alicujus alicui re- 
mittere; Liv. 8, 35 (ut sibi poenam 
Magistri equitum dictator remitteret). 

2, supplicium (severe bodily p., usu. 
capital): to erect a cross for the p. of 
citizens, crucem ad civium s. defigere, 
Cic. C. Rab. 3, ur: severity of p.s, acer- 
bitas suppliciorum, ib. Rab. 3, 10: cf. id. 
Cat. 4, 4, 7: (Mithridates) put to death 
a consular legate with the tortures of 
bonds and stripes and every form of p. 
(torture), legatum P. R. consularem vin- 
culis ac verberibus atque omni s. excru- 
ciatum necaret, id. Man. 5, 12. Zo 
restrain or coerce by p.s, suppliciis co- 
ércere. id. Cat. 1, 1, 3: scelus frau- 
demque nocentis supplicio constringere, 
id. de Or. 1, 46, 202: fig., culpam sup- 
plicio recidere, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 33. To 
establish, appoint, award, a p.,s. consti- 
tuere in: (Solon) appointed no p. for a 
parricide, nullum s. constituit in eum, 
qui parentem necasset, Cic. R. Am. 25, 
jo: also with dat. of person: id. Clu. 
46, 128; or of the offence, Caes. B. G. 6, 
17 (gravissimum ei rei gs. constitutum). 
To devise (invent) a unique (signal) p. 
for, invenire, excogitare, singulare in ali- 
quem s., Cic. R. Am. 25, 70, 71. Yo de- 
mand p. on a person, aliquem petere ad 
8., Quint. 7,6,6. Yo inflict p. on uny one, 
8. sumere de aliquo; also with abl. of 
the manner; or absol.: to inflict the p. 
of scourging with the utmost cruelty, 
virgis s. crudelissime sumere, Cic. Verr. 
2, 2, 37, 91: cf. de indemnato s. sumere, 
id. Inv. 2, 28, 84° also supplicio aliquem 
afficere: in pass. = to suffer p., Caes. 
B. G. 1, 27 (ne, armis traditis, supplicio 
afficerentur). Yo suffer or undergo p., 
supp. ferre, perferre: (Afranius said 
that) they had suffered p. enough, satis 
supplicii tulisse, id. B. C. 1, 84: sup- 
plicia miserrima et crndelissima per- 
ferre, Cic. (Nizol.): subire supp.: nihil 
affertur quominus, summa _ supplicia 
subeunda nobis sint, id. Ep. ad Brut, 
'2: solvere supp.; the p. of parricide 
having been already inflicted (or, the 
penalty paid), soluto supplicio parri- 
cidii, id. Phil. 13, 10. To take p. from a 
person (let him punish one), illi de me 
supp. dabo, ‘l'er. Heaut. 2, 4, 75. To 
expiate or purify by p., (Clodius) nomen 
quidem Pi. Ri. tanto scelere contami- 
navit, ut id nulla re possit, nisi ipsius 
supplicio, expiari, Auct. Har. Resp. 16, 
35. To be satisfied by a person’s p., 
cujus ne supplicio quidem ullo satiari 
Videtur posse Ps. Rs., Cic. Ph. 13, 10, 21: 








to be dragged to p., ad s. rapi: id. de Or. 
2, 59, 238: to go w p., ad s, proficisci : 
id. Off. 3,18, 100. Capital p., capitale 
s.,Suet. Dom. 8; called alsu,s. summum, 
supremum: to enact c. p. for a crime 
(or, punish it with death), incestum 
supremo s. sancire, Cic. Leg. 2, g, 22. 
Eternal p., acterna supplicia: tum tu, 
Juppiter, hunc ...., aeternis s. vivos 
mortuvusque mactabis, id. Cat. 1, jin. 
The inflicter of p. (said of a magistrate), 
exactor supplicii, Liv. 2, 5. 3, cor- 
poral punishment, verbéra, um, n. pl.: 
corporal p. of a Roman citizen, verbera 
civis Romani, Quint. 4, 2, I13: Vv. 
SCOURGING, FLOGGING. 4, multa, 
less well, mulcta (strictly and com- 
monly, a fine, orig. of cattie, Gell. 
11, 13 also any loss or penalty. suid 
to be a Sabine word: v. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict.) : let this be his p., to go without 
wine for 20 days, haec ei multa esto: 
vino viginti dies ut careat, Pl. As. 4, 1, 
55. Joined with poena: multa et poena 
multare, Cic. Balb. 18, 42: cf. id. Leg. 
3,3,6(Vet. Lex), per populum multae 
poenae certatio esto. To award a p. 
(orig. impose a jine), multam dicere 
(with dat. of person): Crassus Flacco 
collegae multam dixit, Cic. Ph. 11, 8, 
18; also, m. indicere, Plin. 18, 3, 3; m. 
imponere, Liv. 10, 37; m. facere, Cato 
in Gell. 11, 1: he had named the p. 
{here capital p.), (diem mihi dixerat}; 
multam irrogarat, Cic. Mil. 14, 36: the 
naming of the p., multae irrogatio, id. 
Rab. 3, 8. To deserve, incur, become 
subject to p., m. committere, id. Clu. 37, 
103. To suffer, undergo, receive p,m. 
subire, Ov. F. 5,289. To ward off p., m. 
depellere ab. ..,Cic. Fam.5,20, 3. Tore- 
mit a p.m. remittere, id. Phil. 11, 8, 18, 
v. sup. (Nore.—damnum, 7., is also a 
pecuniary p., and is joined with multa : 
quis unquam tanto damno senatorem 
coégit? aut quid est ulta pignus aut 
multam? Cic. Phil. 1, 5, 12: v. FINE.) 

5, animadversio (prop. censure): 
usu. a p. inflicted by magistrates : esp. 
by the censors, Cic. Clu. 42, 119: 80, 
notationes a.que censorum, id. Off. 3, 31, 
111: by a dictator, a. dictatoria, Vell. 2, 
68: the fear of a father’s p., animad- 
versionis paternae metus, Cic. R. Am. 
24, 68: with gen. of offence: id. Clu. 
46, 128 (a. vitiorum): with gen. of 
subject, and in with acc. of object: talis a. 
fuit Dolabellae, quum in audaces sce- 
leratosque servos, tum in impuros et 
nefarios liberos, id. Phil. 1, 2,5. Some- 
times of the severest p.s: behold the 
nature of the p. (roasting a magistrate 
alive), genus animadversionis videte, id. 
Verr. 2, 1, 17, 45: esp. capital p. (a. 
capitalis, Suet. Aug. 24), the apprehen- 
ston of the conspirators was my act, 
their p. the Senate’s, comprehensio son- 
tium mea, a. Senatus fuit, id. Att. 2, 8: 
of military execution, e.g. with ref. to 
Torquatus and his son, Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 
35. Join with supplicium, to remit p. 
at another's request (det.): e.g. animad- 
versionem et supplicium remitto tibi 
et condono, Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 2. 
Forming a climax with cognitio and 
poena: deinde orbis terrarum gentl- 
umque omnium datur cognitio sine con- 
silio, poena sine provocatione, animad- 
versio sine auxilio, id. Rull. 2, 13, 33. 
But in milder sense with castigatio: all 
p. and correction ought to be free from 
msult, omnis a. et castigatio contumelia 
vacare debet, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 88. To 
inflict p., animadvertére, with in and 
acc. of the person: v. T0 PUNISH (No. 2). 

G6, exemplum, usu. pl. (signal, ex- 
emplary, condign p.): With dicere, 
facere, statuere, edere in: that I might 
not see the disgraceful p. they’re going 
to sentence him to, ut ne viderem quae 
futura exempla dicunt in eum indigna, 
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 24: how say you? who's 
going to suffer p. (be made an example 
of)? quid ais? in quem exempla fient? 
ib. 26: both will punish you, uterque 
exempla in te edent, ib. 5,6, 21: to in- 


flict all p.s and tortures on the hostages 


(as an example to their tribe), in eos 





omnia exempla cruciatusque edere, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 31: the last or extreme p. (of 
death), novissima exempla, Tac. A. 12, 
20. 7. castigatio (correction, e. gE. 
c. verborum, Liv. 27, 15): p. by the 
censors, censoria c., Plin. 12, 6, 7: cor- 
poral p., c. fustium, Paul. Dig. 1, 15, 3; 
c. flagellorum, Callistr. ib. 48, 19, 7 (cf. 
infr.). 8. vindicta (retribution, re- 
venge: less freq. in preseut sense): cf 
Vell 2, 114 (denoting « climax in military 


| discipline), admonitio frequens, inter- 


dum et castigatio, vindictu rarissima, 
9, noxa (hurt, harm: only as legal 

term): to deserve p., n. merere (mereri), 
Liv. 8, 28: to deliver one to p., noxae 
dedere aliquem, UIp. Dig. 4, 3,9: correl. 
to receive for p., noxae accipere, id. ib. 
7, 1,17, § 2: to be delivered over for p., 
noxae dedi, Liv. 26, 29. 10 be exempled 
Jrom p., noxae eximi, Liv. 8, 35; also, 
noxa exsolvi, id. 23, 14: to be con- 
demned to p., noxae damnari, id. 8, 35. 
Phr.: to be condemned to capital p., 
capitis condemnari, Cic. C. Rab. 4, 12: 
less technically, mitii ad mortem, id. 
Tuse. 1, 41, 97: cf. vitam amittere 
per summum dedecus, id. R. Am. 11, 
30: without p., impiinitus; adv. im- 
piiné, less freq., impinité: v. mpunrry, 

|]. Abstract; the act, process or prin- 
ciple of punishing : 1. expr. by pl. of 
supplicium, poena (including the various 
modes of punishment and so its entire 
nature: cf. L. G. $$ 591, 593): ef. Cic. 
de Or. 1, 58, 247, legibus et praemia 
proposita sunt virtulibus et supplicia 
{poenae] vitiis (‘a system of reward 
and p.’): the sing. of poena occurs in 
quasi-abstr. sense, id. ad Br. 1, 15, ad 
cnit., Solon remp. duabus rebus contineri, 
praemio et poena: we ought not to take 
pleasure in p., “non decet poenis sup- 
pliciisgue gaudere. 2. expr by pu- 
nire, animadvertere, vindicare, poenas 
sumere, etc.; esp. in ger. or ger. part. : 
the laws are established for the p. of the 
guilty, *leges ad sontes puniendos 
{sontium puniendorum causa] consti- 
tuuntur: the third case of p. is when 
...., tertia ratio vindicandi est, quum 
--.-, Gell. 6, 14: V. TO PUNISH. 3: 
Animadversio: Gell. i. c. 4. pinitio, 
archaicé, poenitio: Gell. l.c.: Vell. 

punitive: poenalis, e: a p. law, 
lex p., Gai. Inst. t § 128. (But usu. 
better expr. by verb: it ts a question 
whether these evils are to be regarded as 
p., *quaeritur suppliciine sumendi causa 
necne haec mala [a Deo] constituta ac 
destinata sint: these laws are not p. but 
corrective, *legibus baec potius ad emen- 
dandos quam ad puniendos homines 
constituta sunt.) 

punning, punster: ¥. PUN. 

punt: v- BOAT. 

puny: used contemptuously for what 
is both small and feeble: 1, pisillus 
(tiny, scanty, dwarfish): cf. p. mus, 
Pl. Truc. 4, 4: a p. mind or spirit, 
p. animus, Cic. Fam. 2, 17, jin.: cf. 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 17, Di bene fecerunt, in- 
opis me quodque pusilli, Finxerunt 
animi (ironical): so, p. ingenium, Mart. 
9, 51. Q. exigiius (very small, tiny) : 
of p. frame, corporis exigui, Hor. Ep. 
1, 20, 24. With gen.: abundans cor- 
poris exiguusque animi, Claud. in Eutr. 
2, 381. Join: infirmus atque exiguus 
{animus}, Juv. 13, 190. Exig. may 
be used for Milton's “puny habit- 
ants.” 3. imbécillus (weak, power- 
less): Cic. Sen. 11, 35: p. human nature, 
imbecilla natura (generis bumani) Sall. 
Jug. 1: so, i. ingenia, Quint. 2, 8, 12. 

4, parvus: a burthen too great for p. 
minds, and a p. body, onus parvis ani- 
mis et parvo corpore majus, Hor. Ep. 1, 
17, 39: so, homo parvo ingenio, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 29. 5, minitus (petty, wnfe- 
rior; usu. with contempt): Join: 
minutus et angustus, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61. 
A puny man, homuncilus: neque tam 
desipiens fuisset, ut homunculis similem 
(like p. mortals) deum fingeret, Cic, 
N. D. 1, 44, 123. 

pup (subs.): catiilus: v. PUPPY. 

pup (v.): *catulos édére, pirére (the 

595 


PUPIL 


PURE 


PURGATORY 


Cee ee a a SS ee 


yt ee 
latter often without object expr.): v. 
TO BRING FORTH. 

pupil: |. A ward (orig. sense, 
now obs.): pupillus, m.; piipilla, f. : 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 50, seqg.: v. Dict. Ant. 
$. V. TUTOR. ||. 4 scholar : 1, dis- 
cipiilus ; f. -a (either a p. in a school, or, 
in wider sense, one who has learned any 
art from another): that a p. should 
threaten his tutor! magistron’ quem- 
quam d. minitarier! Pl. Bacch. 1, 2, 44 
(for the fem. cf. Hor. Sat. 1, £0, 913 dis- 
cipularum inter jubeo plorare cathedras : 
Piin. 35, 11, 40 § 147). 9, alumnus; 
f. -a (strictly, a foster-child: hence, in 
fig. sense, a disciple): cf. Platonis 
alumni, Cic. Fin. 4, 26, 72; alumnus 
disciplinae meuae, id. Fam. 9, 14. Ill. 
The pupil or apple of the eye: pupilla, 
or puptila: Lucr. 4, 749: Plin. 11, 37, 
55. Also (but the term wants the ex- 
actness of preced.), acies oculorum : 
aciesque ipsa, qua cernimus, quae pu- 
pila vocatur, ita parva est, ut ea, quae 
nocere possint, facile vitet, Cic. N. D. 2, 
57, 142. 

pupillage: |. Wardship, minority: 
pupillatus, us: (Inser.): better, aetas 
pupillaris, Suet. Aug. 66, fin. I. 
The condition of boyhood, in general, 
tirdcinium: cf. Quint. 12, 6, 3: also Suet. 
Aug. 26, filios suo quemque tirocinio (on 
the expiration of their p.) deducere in 
forum. ||], Of learners: use, *status s. 
conditio discipuli: v. STATE, CONDITION : 
*discipulatus, ts, Tert. Praescr. Haer. 22. 

puppet: 1. pupa (a doll): Pers. 
2,70. Q, vevpooracta, wy, n. pl. (i.e. 
Jigures pulled by strings): comp. Gell. 
14,1, ut plane bomines non, quod dici- 
tur, Aoyixa gwa, sed ludicra et ridenda 
quaedam vevpoomaugra esse videantur, 
si nihil sua sponte, nihil arbitratu suo 
faciunt, sed ducentibus stellis et auri- 


gantibus. 

pupvy: I. Lit: 1. catiius 
(used also of the young of other animals 
besides the dog): cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 14, 
38, in cane [meliora omnia} quam in 
catulo: Virg. Ecl. 1, 23. 2. (dim.) 
citellus ; 7. catella (dimin. of catulus): 
enough room for a p. to lie down, tan- 
tillum loci, ubi c. cubet, Pl. Stich. 4, 2, 
40: esp. a favourite dog, a lap-dog: a 
p. named (Persa) had died, erat mortuus 
c eo nomine, Cie. Div. 1, 46, 103: a 
child with a p. for its playfellow, infans 
collusore catello, Juv. 9, 61. Fem. pl., 
catellae, Juv. 6, 654. I]. Fig. a con- 
ceited, impertinent man or boy: perh. 
ardélio, onis: cf. Phaedr. 2, 5 (where 
the term is applied to a class of fussy, 
officious persons). Or better, simidlus 
(strictly, a little monkey): cf. Cic. Fam. 
7, 2, hic simiolus, animi causa, me in 
quem inveheretur delegerat (this puppy 
had singled me out jor attack, just to 
amuse himself). Sometimes ineptus 


(uly, impertinent) will serve: cf. Hor. | 


I, 3, 49, ineptus et jactantior hic paullo 
est: hold your tongue, you p.: quin 
taces, inepte homo! also, homunculus 
(term of contempt for a human being): 
V. MANNIKIN. 

puppyism: expr. by means of words 
under puppy (IL.): ts not this sheer p.? 
*nonne haec germanissimi sunt simioli? 
nonne sunt haec homunculi ineptissimi 
ac vanissimi? J hate p., *odi simiolos 
istos insolescentes ac sese ingerentes. 

purchasable: vénalis (on sale, to 
be had for money): Sail. Jug. 35, jim. 
(urbem venalem et mature perituram, 
si emptorem invenerit): Cic.: v. SALE. 
Yo be p., emi posse, pretio comparari 
posse: Vv. TO PURCHASE. 

purchase (v.): (wider in sense than 
Buy) to obtain or redeem at uny sort of 
cost (abl.). 1. mo, émi, emptum, 3: 
ood p.d by your toil, pulmenta laboribus 
empta, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 48: pleasure p.d 
at the cost of pain is hurtful, nocet 
empta dolore voluptas, id. ib. 1, 2, 55: 
he has p.d immortality by death, emit 
morte immortalitatem, Quint. 9, 3, 71. 
Comps. (1) cdémo, 3: (to collect by pur- 
chasing): ef. Hor. Od. 1, 29, 13, coémptos 
undique nobiles libros. (2) rédimo, 3 


596 








(to buy back; but more freq. fig.) : to p. 
peace, pace redimere ab aliquo, Just. 
43, 5, fin.: to p. favour and friendship 
by (Caesar’s) death, gratiam atque ami- 
itiam ejus morte r., Caes. B. G. 1, 44: 
he p.d the good will of the soldiers by 
gratuities, largitione militum voluntates 
redemit, id. B. C. 1, 39: top. at a price, 
and esp. with a bribe, pretio redimere: 
parents were compelled to p. for their 
children with a bribe not life but a 
speedy death, non vitam liberum, sed 
mortis celeritatem pretio redimere co- 
gebantur parentes, Cic. Verr. 5, 45. 119: 
redimat pretio sepeliendi potestatem, 
id. ib.: in the sense of to p. tmmu- 
nity for, obtain pardon of, an offence: 
flagitium aut facinus red.. Sall. C. 14: 
(with per of the price), Ut sua per nos- 
tram redimat perjuria poenam, Ov. Am. 
Bie Pars © 2. comparo, 1 (fe procure) : 
V. TO PROVIDE, PROCURE. 3. penso, I 
(to pay down money; rarely with acc. 
of thing secured): to p. victory with a 
loss of men, victoriam damno p. militis, 
Vell. 2, 115: of a ransom, vitam p. auro, 
Sil. 2, 35. 
thing; abl. [with ab or de) of pers.; 
abl. or gen. of price): to p. goods jrom 
merchants and sell them again directly, 
m. a mercatoribus quod statim [vendas}, 
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150: with de, fundum 
mercatus est de pupillo, id. Fl. 20, 46: 
to p. at so dear a rate, tanto pretio m., 
id. R. Am. 46, 133: I think that these 
services ought to be purchased at the 
cost of life, ego haec officia mercanda 
vita puto, Cic. Att. 9, 5. Comp. émercor 
(= buy off, p. out, p. immunity Jor): 
cf. adulterium ingentibus donis e., Tac. 
A. 13, 44; aditum principis e., ib. 16, 1. 
purchase (subs.). 
purchasing, emptio: this p. being com- 
pleted, hac e. facta, Cic. Caec. 6,17: the 
p. of horses, e. équina, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 
6. Il. he thing bought: 1, expr. 
by verb, quod emptum, partum, com- 
paratum est, etc.: Vv. TO PURCHASE. 
9. merx, mercimonium: Vv. MER- 
CHANDISE. Il. Money paid for 
landed property, etc.: to buy an estate 
at 20 years’ p., *praedium ex viginti 
annorum mercedis aestimatione emere. 
— money: prétium: Vv. PRICE. 
purchaser: 1, emptor: to take 
in a gaping p., e. inducere hiantem, 
Hor. S. 1, 2, 88: Cic. Fig.: a reckless 
p. of disgrace, dedecorum pretiosus e., 
Hor. Od. 3, 6, 32: the fictitious p. of an 
inheritance, e. familiae, Suet. Ner. 4. 
Comp. cdemptor (one who buys up or 
purchases in a large way: rare): Apul. 
9. mercator (usu. = merchant) : 
not consuls, but p.s of provinces, non 
consules sed m. provinciarum, Auct. in 
Sen. 4. Also expr. by part. of mo, 
mercor: V. £0 PURCHASE 
pure: |. Physically and mate- 
rially : 1, mundus: v. CLEAN. 2A 
purus: purest honey, mella purissima, 
Virg. G. 4, 163: a p. spring, p. fons, 
Prop. 3, 1, 3: p. and light air, aér p. et 
tenuis, Cic. N. ID. 2, 16, init. Of metals 
(without dross or alloy): p. gold, p. 
aurum, Plin. 33,4, 25. (Note: p.aurum, 
argentum, vasa, etc., are also used of a 
plain surface, free from chasing: so 
argentum purum, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 49.) 
Phr.: p. goldisalsoexpressed by aurum 
ad obrussum, Suet. Ner. 44. 3, intéger 
(unpolluted): fontes, Hor. Od. 1, 26, 6. 
4. mérus, and méracus (esp. of wine 
unmixed with water): p. wines, vina 
mera, Ov. M. 15, 331: SO, V. meracius 
(compar.), Cic. N. D. 3, 31: p. water, 
merae undae, Ov. M.15, 323: p. milk, me- 
rum lac, id. F. 4, 369: @ p. taste, merus 
gustus, Col. 3, 21: p. silver, argentum 
merum, Pl. Asin. 1, 3, 3. |]. Hence fig. 
of anything wnmized, unqualified. 1, 
mérus (lit. wndiluted): p. (sheer) pro- 
digies, m. monstra, Cic, Att. 4, 7: ‘Ter.: 
cf. MERE. Q. purus: esp. with pitus; 
a p. and genuine sycophant, purus 
putus sycophanta, Pl. Ps. 4, 7, 103: cf. 
ABSOLUTE, MERE, REAL, 8, sincérus 
(unmized): of a p. race, (gens) propria 
et sincera et tantum sui similis, Tac. G, 





jin. See also CHASTE. 


4, mercor, 1, dep. (acc. of 


|. The act of 





4. Fig.: p. joy, s. gaudium, Liv. 34, 
I: p. fame (i. e. unblemished), s. fama, 
ell. 6, 8: p. mathematics, *mathesis 

pura. Il. Of language and style: 

1, purus: perfectly p. style, sermo 
quam purissimus, Quint. 4, 2, 118: cf. 
oratio Catuli sic pura est, ut Latine 
loqui paene solus videatur, Cic. de Or. 

3, 8, init. Joined with candidus: a@ p. 

and brilliant style, purum et candidum 

genus dicendi, id. Or. 16, jin. 2. 

émendatus (faultless): a p. Latin style, 

locutio e. et Latina, Cic. Br. 74, 258. 

Phr.: the method of speaking p. Latin, 

ratio Latine atque emendate loquendi, 

Quint. 8, 1, 2. IV. Gf moral purity : 

1, castus: a man of most p. and 
upright life, castissimus homo atque 
integerrimus, Cic. Fl. 28, 68. Join: 

castus animus purusque, Cic. Div. 1. 53, 

2, mundus: 

blessed are the p. in heart, beati mundo 

corde, Vulg. Matt. v. 8: and of absolute 
purity in God, Yhou art of purer eyes 
than to behold evil, mundi sunt oculi 

tui, ne videas malum, Vulg. Hab. i. 13. 

3. purus: to keep the soul p., *ani- 
mum purum conservare, cf. Cic. Verr. 

3, 58, 134: purae noctes (opp. to spur- 

cae ), Pl. Asin. 4, 1, 62: with gen. of 

object: integer vitae scelerisque purus 

(free from taint of guilt), Hor. Od. t, 

D2 4, integer, gra, grum (spotless ; 

of both chastity and honesty): a per- 


fectly p. (unstained) life, integerrima 


vita, Cic. Plane. init. Join: (homines) 
integri, innocentes, religiosi, id. Verr. 4, 
4, init. With gen., pure from the vices 
of the city, integer urbis, Val. Fl. 2, 
374: p. in life, integer vitae, Hor. J. c. 
V. Free from religious pollution : 
1, purus: a p. household (after per- 
forming the funeral rites), p. familia, 
Cic. Leg. 2, 22. 9, castus: baud satis 
castum donum deo, ib. 2, 18: Vv. HOLY. 
8. lustratus, ptirificatus: v. TO 
PURIFY. 
purely: 1, purée: shining more 
p. than Parian marble, splendens Pario 
marmore purius, Hor. Od. 1, 19, 6. 
Join: munde pureque: as neatly and 


p. as possible, quam mundissime puris- 


simeque fiat, Cato, R. R. 66: quiete et 
pure et eleganter acta aetas, Cic. Sen. 5, 
13: caste pureque, Plin. 22, 10, 12: pure 
et caste [deos venerari], Cic. N. D. 1, 2. 
Of style: Scipio omnium aetatis suae 
purissime locutus (with the greatest 
purity), Gell. 2,20. Join with caste 5 
caste pureque lingua Latina uti (with 
clearness and purity), Gell. 17,2. Join: 
pure et emendate: speaking p. and 
correctly, pure et emendate loquentes, 
quod est Latine, Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4. 
Also, puriter (infreq.): Cat. 76, 19. 
9, caste (of conduct and character) : 
to live p. (lead a pure or holy life), 
aetatem agere caste suam, Pl. Trin. 2, 
4, 148. - 98, intégré (free from cor- 
ruption): he governed Africa most p. 
(incorruptly), Africam integerrime ad- 
ministravit, Suet. Vesp. 4. Join: caste 
et integre [vivere], Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 635 
incorrupte atque integre [judicare}, Cic. 
Fin. 1, 93 integre et ample et ornate 
[dicere], Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 4; proprie 
atque integre [loqui], Gell. 7, 11. 4. 
purgate (of language): rare: enucleate 
dicitur, purgate, exquisite, Non. 60, 5. 
pureness ay PURITY. < 
purgation: purgatio; poet. purga- 
men, esp. in pl.; lustratio: Vv. PURIFI- 
cation. Or expr. by verb: with a view 
to the p. of the city, urbis purgandae 
(purgandi) causa ; ad purgandam urbem, 
etc.: V. TO PURGE, PURIFY. 
purgative (adj.): purgativus: p. 
medicines, p. medicamina, medicamenta, 
Coel. Aur. Acut. 2, 19. Also, purga- 
torius, Symm. See also OPENING, adj. 
purgative (subs.): médicamentum 
purgativum s. citharticum. To admin- 
ister @ p., M. purgativum, catharticum 
adhibére (Dat. of the patient). 
purgatory: *purgatorium : Calv. 
Inst. 3,5,6: M.L. (Whe term is needed 
for the lang. of theological con!roversy ; 
but must be excluded from Latin com- 





PURGE 


PURIFY 





position making any pretensions to ele- 
gance. Use these rather, “ignes lus- 
trales s. purgatorii; *is locus in quo 
mortui poenis lustralibus exercentur.) 
purge (subs.): v. PURGATIVE. 
purge (v.): i.e., tomake cleanor pure; 
chiefly in religious and medical senses. 
|. In general : 1, purgo, 1: (1) 
of persons: poet. with gen. of the thing 
got rid of (Eng. of or from): (but only 
abl. in prose): I wonder that you have 
been p.d from that disease, Et miror 
morbi purgatum te illius esse, Hor. S. 
2, 3, 27: every branch that beareth fruit 
he purgeth (by pruning), omnem pal- 
mitem qui fert fructum, purgabit eum, 
ut fructum plus afferat, Vulg. Joh. xv. 
2: in sense of an excuse, like our legal 
use, with dat. of the person offended, 
abl. with de of the offence: quod te 
mihi de Sempronio purgas, accipio ex- 
cusationem, Cic. Fam. 12, 25: (2) of 
things: (a@)=cleanse, with acc. of the 
thing purified : di patrii, purgamus agros, 
purgamus agrestes, Tib. 2, 1, 17: p. 
ctora, Lucr. 6, 23: urbem, Cic. Cat. 
1,5: (0) to p. away, p. crimina (i. e. dis- 
prove), Cic. Clu. 1; probra, l'ac Ann. 4, 
42: in the religious sense ; acc, of the 
pollution: p. nefas, Ov. M. 13, 952: jam 
crimen habemus purgandum = gladio, 
Lucan 8, 518. Join: purgare and lus- 
trare: domus purgantur lustranturque, 
Plin. 15, 29, 36 (for lustro, see PURIFY). 
Frequent. purgito, 1 (rare); non mibi 
homines placent, qui, quando male fe- 
cerunt, purgitant (male excuses), PI. 
Aul. 4, 10, 26. Comps. (1). expurgo, I: 
me expurgare tibi volo, Pl. Capt. 3, 4. 
87. Fig.. quae poterunt unquam satis 
(me) expurgare cicutae? (p. me of 
poetic phrenzy), Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 53. p. 
out the old leaven, expurgate vetus fer- 
mentum, Vulg.1 Cor.v. 7. (2) répurgo, 
1: to p. gold from the ore, rep. aurum 
venis, Flor. 4, 12, 2: esp. to p. away, 
quidquid in Aenea fuerat mortale repur- 
gat, Ov. M. 14, 603. 9, expio, 4, reli- 
gious sense: cf. arma nondum expiatis 
uncta cruoribus, Hor. Od. 2, 1, § (cf. 1, 
2, 29): expiandum forum Itomanum a 
nefarii sceleris vestigiis, Cic. c. Rab. 
4, 11: quod non expietur iniquitas, etc., 
Vulg. 1 Reg. iii. 14. 8. mundo, 1; 
and comps. émundo, permundo: Josiah 
p.d Judah, etc., from the high places, etc., 
mundavit Judam, etc., ab excelsis et lucis, 
etc., Vulg. r Paral, xxxiv. 3: mundata 
jam terta, ib. 8: (cf. Ez. xxiv. 13): p. 
(sprinkle) me with hyssop, and I shall 
be clean, asperges me hyssopo, et mun- 
dabor, Ps. li. 7 (I, 9, Vulg.): with obj. 
of the sin, peccatum tuum mundabitur, 
Is. vi. 7. Join: expiare, mundare : 
septem diebus expiabunt altare et mun- 
dabunt illud, Ez. xliii. 26: almost all 
things are by the law p.d with blood, 
omnia paene in sanguine secundum 
legem mundantur, Heb. ix. 22 (cf. x. 2): 
if any one p. himself from these, si quis 
ergo emundaverit se ab istis, 2 ‘Lim. ii. 
21: p. the conscience from, etc. | quanto 
magis sanguis Christi... . ] emundabit 
conscientiam nostram ab operibus mor- 
tuis, Heb. ix. 14: he shall throughly p. 
his threshing floor, permundabit aream 
suam, Matt. iii. 12 (purgabit, Luce. iii. 17). 
Of metals : observe the words joined, in 
foll.; et sedebit conflans (smelting) et 
emundans argentum, et purgabtt filios 
Levi, et colabit eos quasi argentum, 
Mal. iii. 3: £ will purely p. auay thy 
dross, excoquam ad purum  scorivm 
tuam, Is. i. 25: to try them (in the fur- 
nace), and p. them, and make them 
white, ut conflentur et eliyantur et 
dealbentur. The Vulg. also uses (where 
the A. V. has p.) eligére (= pluck out), 
eligam de vobis transgressores, Hz. xx. 
38: redimo (atone for), Prov. xvi. 6: 
dimitto (remit), with aufero (bear away), 
Is. xxii. 14 and xxvii. 9: propitior (with 
dat.), impietatibus nostris tu propitia- 
beris, Ps. Ixv. 3 (Ixiv. 4): lavo and abluo 
(wash away), |s. iv. 4. purgationem 
peccatorum facere, Heb. i. 3. I]. lo 
the medical sense : 1. with obj. se 
or alvum: p. se helleboro, Val. Max. 





8,7, 5, fin.: alvum p., Cic. N. D. 2, 50: 
obj. of thing, purgans omnes escas, Vulg. 


PURITY, PURENESS 





Ov. F. 4, 640: (the priests) p.ing the 
walls by solemn sacrifice, festo purgantes 


Mare. vii. 19: top. away phlegm, p. pitui- | moenia lustro, Lucan 1, §93: of lan- 


tas, Plin. 20, 17, 733; deafness, p. tardi- | guage or style: 


tatem aurium, id. 23, 2,8: with abl. of 
the remedy, p. fastidium lauri folio, id. 
8, 25, 41: with the medicine as subj., 
othonnae succus purgat cicatrices et nu- 
beculas et quidquid obstet (oculis), id. 
27, 12, 85. Refi. purgor, with obj. of 
thing; qui purgor bilem sub verni tem- 
poris horam, Hor. A. P. 302. Ds 
Expr. by various phrases with alvum; 
alvum solvére, Cels. 1, 3; a. exonerare, 
Plin. 10, 44, 61; a. ciere, id. 20, 9, 385 
a. movere, Cato, R. R. 115: (violently) a. 
purgatione sollicitare, Cels 1, praef. fin. : 
(by a clyster) a. ducere, Cels. 2, 12° a. 
subducere, Cels. 3,4. Vo purge, intrans. 
= to be purged, purgari: alvum dejicere, 
Cato, R. R. 158: dejicere, alone, Varr. 
R. R. 2, 11, 3. 

purged (adj.}: i. e. clean, pure: 
purgatus: (a) from grossness : est mibi 
purgatam crebro qui personet aurem, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 7: () in the legal sense : 
ita fiducia quam argumentis purgatiores 
dimittuntur, Sall. Fr. ap. Non. 319, 22. 
(Guilt) that can be p.d awoy, piabilis: 
V. EXPIATE, 

purger: V. PURIFIER. 

purging (adj.): purgativus; rarely, 
purgaticius (Non, Tir. p. 120): v. PUR- 
GATIVE. 

purging (subs.): 1, purgatio: of 
the body, p. alvi, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, fin.: 
or p. alone, id. Fam. 16, 10: = apology, 
justification, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 12: Cic. 
Iny. 1, 114: in the religious sense, Plin. 
15, 30, 40: forgetting the p. away of his 
old sins, oblivionem accipiens purga- 
tionis veterum suorum delictorum, Vulg. 
2 Pet. i. g (purgatus, Us, m.is a doubtful 
reading, Cic. N. D. 2, 50; and should at 
all events be used only in abl.: v. PUR- 
GATION, PURIFICATION). 2, medical, 
alvi dejectio, Cels. 1, 3: Sen. Ep. 120, 
med. 

purification : 1. material and 
physical, purgatio: of the sewers, p. 
cloacarum, Traj. in Plin. Ep. 10, 41, 
fin.: a religious p., e. g. from homicide 
(caedis): quia (laurus) suffimentum sit 
caedis hostium et purgatio, Plin. 15, 30, 
40. 


‘ 2, purificatio: (laurus) puri- 
ticationibus adhibetur, id. ib.: one ought 
not to approach the temples unless 
cleansed by religious p.s (or, purified by 
sacred rites), meminerit non nisi reli- 
gionis purificatione lustratus ad templa 
accedere debere, Mart. 8, praef. Se 
purgamen, Inis, 7., and -mentum, i, %., 
esp. for the means of p.: V. PURIFY. 
4. lustratio: p. by sacrifice, v. 
LUSTRATION. 5, febriitum (the Sabine 
word from which came the festival of p.. 
febria, drum, ”.; on the 15th of Feb- 
ruary: also called the Lupercalia): 
“februum” Sabini ‘ purgamentum” 
(appellant), Varr. L. L. 6, 3, 55: Fest. 
s. v. Februarius. Februa Romani dixere 
piamina patres, Ov. F 2, 19; also febru- 
atio, Onis, f., id. ib. 6, piamen, inis, 
nm. Ov. I. c.: and expiatio, Onis, fi: v. 
EXPIATION. 
purificatory, purificative (ad).) : 
purgaticius, Non. Vir. p. 120: also by 
various verbs and substs.: v. PURUFYING. 
A purificatory sacrifice, lustrum, -atio: 
V. LUSTRATION. 
purified (adj.): purus (v. PURE): 
purgatus (v. PURGED): and the partt. : 
Vv. PURIFY. 
purifier : 1, purgator: e.g. p. 
cloacarum, Firm. Math. 8, 20. Fig.: 
of the soul, animae, Ang. C. ID. ro, to. 
Q2. purificus as epithet, Jove the 
purifier, purificum Jovem  precatus, 
Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 328, (al. leg. terri- 
ficum). Also by the verbs and partt., 
qui purgat, purgans, ete. He shall sit 
as the refiner and p. of silver, sedebit 
conflans et emundans argentum, Vulg. 
Mal. iii. 3. 
purify : 1, purgo, expurgo, re- 
purgo, etc.: v.TO PURGE. Otherexamples 
where purify is the strict translation: 
Luce Palis populos purget vt ille cinis, 





uo magis expurgandus 
est sermo: Cic. Brut. 74, 258: purum 
facere is good Latin: mundum facere, 
good but late. 9. purifico, 1, good 
but late: to p. a honey-comb, p. favum, 
Plin. 21, 14, 41: land, agrum, Gell. 19, 
12, jin.: se purificantes sollemniter 
aqua circumspergi (of a belief about a 
religious meaning in the ablutions of 
the elephant), Plin. 8, I, 1: nomen 
Antoninorum tu purifica; quod ille 
(Elagabalus) infamavit, tu  purifica, 
Lamprid. Alex. Sev. 7. 3. piréfacio, 
3: late: Non. 114, 19. 4, puro, 1: 
relig. only, very rare: sacra, Fest. s. v. 
prophetas. 5, lustro, 1: (to p. by a 
propitiatory sacrifice): agrum lustrare 
sic oportet, Cato, R. R. 141: terque 
senem flamma, ter aqua, ter sulphure 
lustrat, Ov. M. 4, 261: & p. oneself, 
lustror: lustramurque Jovi votisque 
incendimus aras, Virg. Aen. 3, 27g. 
Join: purgare, lustrare: domus pur- 
gantur lustranturque, Plin. 25, 9, 59. 
6, febriio: 1, Varr. in Non. 114, 22, 
7. @mendo: 1, esp. of language 

and style, Cic. Or. 46, 155: Quint. 2, 2, 
4. Comp. TO CLEAN, CLEANSE, SWEEP, 
WASH, WIPE, etc. A means of purify- 
ing, purgamen, \nis, n.; purgamentum, 
m., Petr. 134: februamentum, Cens. de 
Die. Nat. 22. Nore—purify as v. n. 
(Burnet, ete.), purus fieri. 

purifying (adj.): 1. purgator 
(cf. L. G. § 598; of course only mase. : 
to be cleansed of vice by p. flame; *igne 
quodam purgatore vitiis liberari: with 
Jem, purgatrix (purgatrice aqua se ex- 
piare, Tert. Bapt.5). 2, purgatorius: 
p. virtues, virtutes p., Macr. S. S. 1, 6, 
med, 8. purificus (late and rare): 
p. dew, p. ros, Lact. 4,15. (Purgaticius, 
v. late and rare.) 4, expr. by rel. 
clause and predicate purgo; with which 
an object must be expr.: p. jire, ignis 
qui omnia purgat, etc. 

purifying (subs.): purgatio; puri- 
ficatio; purgamen (poet.), purgamen- 
tum: V. PURIFICATION, TO PURIFY, 
Late, purgatira: Edict. Diocl. p. 20: 
also emundatio (sanctificat ad emunda- 
tionem carnis), Vulg. Heb. ix. 3. 

purism, purist: in language: the 
translation depends on the shade of 
meaning (Vv. PURE, PURITY): for the bad 
sense, phrases will be found in Quint. 
3, II, 21, foll.: e.g. haec affectata sub- 
tilitas circa nomina rerum; diligentia 
nimium sollicita ; homo diligentiae ni- 
mium sollicitae ; subtilis. 

puritan : as historical term, *Puri- 
tanus; e secta Puritanorum, qui appella- 
bantur. 

puritanical: Phr.: p.ways, *nimis 
scrupulosa ac tetrica vitae instituta 
quae de Puritanorum secta tracta esse 
videantur. 

puritanically : v. preced. art 

puritanism: *Puritanismus qui ap- 
pellatur; eorum opinio qui ritus ommes 
alienos ab ecclesia expurgare studebant. 

purity, pureness : 1, castitas 
(p. of life and morals ; often with ref. 
to bodily and sexual p.): also castl- 
monia (old Lat., castitido: antiquam 
castitudinem, Att. in Non. 85.11): casti- 
monia, esp. of the purity required of a 
priest or worshipper; caste jubet lex 
adire ad deos: animo videlicet, in quo 
sunt omnia; nec tollit castimoniam cor- 
poris, Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 24: opp. to licen- 
tious profanations: quae sacra per sutn- 
mam castimoniam virorum ac mulierum 
fiant, eadem per istius stuprum ac flagi- 
tium esse violata, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, fin. : 
of moral purity in general: whence we 
find joined, gravitas et castimonia, Cic. 
Coel. 5, 11: of spotless purity of morals, 
castitate vitae sanctus, Gell. 15, 18: by 
pureness, by knowledge, etc., in castitate, 
in scientia, Vulg. 2 Cor. vi. 6. For the 
more limited sense, comp. ut sentiant 
mulieres naturam feminarum omnem 
castitatem pati (all purity), Cic. Leg. 2, 
12,29. 2, munditia; also, mundities, 
597 


PURL 





&i (cleanness, neatness, elegance): Fig.: 
pureness of hands (salvabitur innocens 
in) munditia manuum suarum,Vulg. Job. 
Xxii. 30° pureness of heart, coidis mun- 
ditia, id. Prov. xxii. 11: purity (and ele- 
gance) of language, m. verborum, Gell. 
I, 23. Join: venustas et mundities 
orationis, id, 10, 3, Quint. 8, 3, 87. ' 
integritas (unblemished life and cha- 
racter): Join integritas atque inno- 
centia, Cic. Div. Verr.g. Also, of female 
chastity, purity and modesty : mulierem 
summa integritate pudicitiaque existi- 
mari, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 25, 64. Of style: 
incorrupta quaedam Latini sermonis in- 
tegritas, Cic. Brut. 35, 132. 4, sin- 
céritas (freedom from guile and deceit) : 
p. of the whole life, s. summae vitae, Val. 
Max. 5, 3, 2, extr.: of p. of language: 
Join: sinceritas and veritas: ad horum 
autem sinceritatem veritatemque ver- 
borum an adspiraverit Caecilius, consi- 
deremus, Gell. 2,23. §, sanctimonia, 
and sanctitas (trreproachableness ; a pure 
and holy character, and a reverent regard 
for what is pure and holy) : comp. priscae 
sanctimoniae virgo, Tac. A. 3, 69: sanc- 
timonia nuptiarum, Auct. Her. 4, 33: ut 
teneriores annos (juvenum) ab injuria 
sSanctitas docentis custodiat, Quint. 2, 2, 
3: of chastity, in women : pudorem sance 
titatemque feminarum abrogare, Liv. 34, 
6: in men, Plin. Ep. 1,12: Vell. 2, 29: 
of language: Join sanctitas et viri- 
litas, p. and manly vigour, sanctitas 
certe et, ut sic dicam virilitas ab iis 
(vet. Lat.) petenda est, quando nos in 
omnia deijiciarum vitia dicendi quoque 
Tatione defluximus, Quint. 1, 8, 9. 6. 
jiiritas, late: — cleanness, Macr. Somn. 
cip., I, If, fin.: of wine, Pall. 11, 14, 
med. : of life, p. vivendi, Capitol. Ver. 3: 
of style, sermonis, Hier. Ep. 57. (N.B.— 
The best writers use purus for style: 
Vv. PURE. With purity: v. PURELY: of 
style, emendate; to speak with purity, 
emendate loqui, Quint. 8, 1, 2.) 
purl (subs.): |. Perhaps contr. fr. 
purfle, an embroidered hem ; limbus: 
Vv. BORDER, HEM. I]. 4 drink ; beer 
infused with bitter and aromatic herbs : 
*potus, or potio, qui (quae) Anglice 
purl dicitur. (Ainsw. gives, *potus 
absynthio commistus.) 
purl (v.): i.e. to flow with a gentle 
sound (of water: “ the brook that purls 
along the vocal grove,” opp. to “ fretting 
oer a rock”): the same opposition in 
the two foll. lines :— 
“ Laeta susurrantes fugiunt per gramina 
rivi;’’ and, 
“ It praeceps per saxa sonans spumantia 
rivis.” 
Perh. best single words, murmiiro and 
siisurro, 1: but various poet. terms and 
phrases may be used for the v. and the 
adj. purling, as loquor, loquax; garrio, 
garrulus; sono, sonans; queror, que- 
rulus: *fluunt queruli sinuoso tramite 
rivi. Also purling, s. (of water, etc.) 
murmur, sonitus. Defluit incerto lapi- 
dosus murmure rivus : Sicego torrentem, 
qua nil obstabat eunti, Lenius et modico 
strepitu decurrere vidi, Ov. M. 3, 569: 
comp, also (for the scene rather than the 
word), uda Mobilibus pomaria rivis, 
Hor. Od. 1, 7; 14. 
purloin: 1, surripio, ui, reptum, 
3 (to steal privily): to p. sacred vessels 
from a private house. vasa ex privato 
sacra s.,Cic. Inv 2, 18,55: Hor. Phaedr. 
9. subdico, xi, ctum, 3 (poet.) he 
mourns over the p.ing of his prize-money, 
subducta viatica plorat, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 
54. 3, suffaror, 1: joined with sup- 
pilo 1: haec quum video fieri, suffuror, 
suppilo, de praeda praedam capio, Pl. 
Truc. 2, 9, 16-17. 4, compilo, 1: in- 
ventus est scriba quidam qui. -.ab 
ipsis cautis jurisconsultis eorum sa- 
pientiam compilarit, Cic. Mur. 11, 25: 
Hor. 
purloiner: fur: v. THIEF. Or expr. 
by verb: v. TO PURLOIN. 8 
purple (subs.) : 1, _purpira, f. 
(wopdvpa, orig. the p. - fish, Plin. 9, 36, 
foll.): gen. term for any red or rosy 
colour: natural ; a p. hue shines through 


598 





PURPLE 


darle violet in the leaves, in foliis.... 
violae sublucet purpura nigrae, Virg. G. 
4, 275: artificial; purpurae usum Romae 
semper fuisse video, Plin. 9, 39,63. Used 
of different shades of p.: Join~ pur- 
purae and conchylia: sea-shells used for 
p. dyes, concharum ad purpuras et con- 
chylia... eadem enim est materia, sed 
distat temperamento.. .duo sunt genera, 
Plin. 9, 36, 61: gust as nearly all the 
best p.s are now dyed, qualiter omnes 
paene commodiores purpurae tinguntur, 
ib.; a violet p., violacea purpura, 
ib.. a double-dyed Tyrian p., dibapha 
Tyria (p. not expressed), ib. Esp. for 
p. cloth, dress, and corerings: you re- 
member his dress and p. reaching to the 
heels (7. e. the praetexta), amictum atque 
illam usque ad talos demissam p. re- 
cordamini, Cic. Clu. 40, 111: an ivory bed 
with a coverlet of gold and p., lectus 
eburneus, auro ac purpura stratus, Suet. 
Caes. 84: as a token of wealth, splendour, 
and luxury: shining in p., qui nitent 
unguentis, qui fulgent purpura, Cic. Cat. 
2,3, 5. Join: aurum et purpura, gold 
and p.: Nam amator meretricis mores 
sibi emit auro et purpura, Pl. Most. 1, 3, 
128. In old times skins, now gold and 
p. rack The life of men with cares and 
weary wars, ‘Tunc igitur pelles, nunc 
aurum et purpura curis Exercent ho- 
minum vitam, belloque fatigant, Lucr. 
5, 1422-3: repose, my friend, not to 
be purchased with gems or p. or gold, 
(otium) Grosphe, non gemmis neque 
purpura venale nec auro, Hor. Od. 2, 
16,7. Esp. the regal p., as the emblem 
of royal power and state. illum non 
populi, non purpura regum flexit, Virg. 
G. 2, 495. Meton. for kings: And 
pd slaves (lit. purple) that serve the 
Roman sword, Atque omnis Latio quae 
servit purpura ferro, Lucan 7, 228: to 
assume the p. (be proclaimed as emperor), 
purpuram sumere, Eutrop. 8,9; to adore 
the p. (i.e. the emperor), adorare pur- 
puram, Amm. 21,9, fin.: Cod. Theod. 6, 
24, 3° born in the p., porphyrogennetus 
(roppupoyévyntos), or, Latinized, por- 
phyrogenitus, a title of children of the 
Eastern emperors born doring their 
father’s reign. 2. purptrissum, 7. 
(moppvptgov) : us, m., late Latin: a deep 
crimson p., Pl. Most. 1, 3, 104° Plin. 35. 
6, 12: hence, (books) bound in p. or 
crimson, purpurissati, adapted from the 
purpurissati fasti (the consular fasti, so 
called from the colour of their robes), 
Sid. Kp. 8, 8. 8, miurex, icis, m., 
esp. the dye (from the mollusc so called - 
poet.) : Tyrioque ardebat murice laena, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 262. 4, ostrum, m. (same 
meaning as No. 3): ostro perfusae vestes, 
ib. 5, 111: for @ covering or dress of 
p.: they recline on the spread p., stra- 
toque super discumbitur ostro (i. e. 
on purple-covered couches), ib. 1, 700. 
Join: purpura and ostra, though p. 
shines from the Tyrian shells, Poenis si 
purpura fulgeat ostris, Prop. 4, 3, 51. 
Hence, purple-coloured, (poet.) ostri- 
color, Sid. Carm. 5, 18. 5, conchy- 
lium (koyxvAcov, same sense as Nos. 3 
and 4): oH) dyed with p., nil nisi con- 
chylio tinctum, Cic. Verr 4, 26, 59. 
Comp. purpureusque colos conchyli 
jungitur uno corpore cum lanae, Lucr, 
6, 1073. Join: purpura and conchy- 
liunt: (of luxurious education): quid 
non adultus concupiscet, qui in purpuris 
repit? Nondum prima verba exprimit, 
Jam conchylium poscit, Quint. 1, 2, 6: 
and in pl. Spartana chlamys, conchylia 
Coa, Juv. 8, 101. Hence, clad, clothed, 
or robed in p., conchyliatus, Sen. Kp. 
62: also purpiratus, (esp. as subs. for 
a courtier): minitare purpuratis tuis, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 43, 102 ; Sopatrum ex pur- 
puratis et propinquis regis esse, Liv. 30, 
42: also purpiireus (poet.)- medio rex 
ipse resedit Agmine purpureus, Ov. M. 
9. 103. Purple in compounds purpura- 
Tius, adj., p.-works, p. officinae, Plin. 35, 
6,17: a p.-shop or warehouse, p. taberna, 
Paul. 32, 1, 89: @ p.-dyer, purpurarius, 
m., (subs.) Inscr. : a dealer in p. (uydia), 
purpiraria, f., Vulg. Act. Apost. xvi. 





PURPORT 


SS ————————_——— — ——O——_____l_llllllll 


14: a p. dye-house, purpuraria, f., 
Inscr. 

purple (a4j.): 1, purpiireus: p. 
colour or tint, p. colos (-or), Lucr. 6, 
1073: p. dress or robe, p. vestis, p. 
pallium~ the splendour of a p. robe, 
vestis splendorem purpureai, id. 2, 513 
quum iste cum pallio p. talarique tunica 
versaretur in conviviis muliebribus, Cic. 
Verr. 5,13. Poet. (Eng. as well as Lat.) 
for a variety of tints, from rose-red to 
blue-black; and even gen. for splendid 
or beautiful : p. flos rosae, Hor. Od. 3, 15, 
15: p.dawn, p. aurora, Ov. M. 3, 184: p. 
light, p. lumen, Virg. Aen. 6, 641: p. eyes, 
p. orbes, Val. Fl. 3,198: p. blush, purpu- 
reus molli fiat in ore rubor, Ov. T'r. 4, 3, 
70. p. life-blood, purpuream vomit ille 
animam, Virg. Aen. 9, 349: poppies, 
papavera, Prop. 1, 20, 38: fig, ficus, Plin. 
15, 18, 19: wine, mustum, id. 3, 15,17: 
the sea (opp. to caeruleus, blue, and 
ravus, grey), mare illud, quod nunc Fa- 
vonio nascente purpureum videtur, .. . - 
nobismetipsis modo caeruleum, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 33, 105. Meton., of per- 
sons: (Acron) with his purple crest, 
purpureum pennis et pactae conjugis 
ostro, Virg. Aen. 10, 722: p. tyrants 
(i. e. in all the pomp of their royal 
robes), te (Fortunam) Purpurei me- 
tuunt tyranni, Hor. Od. 1, 35, 12. va 
Greek forms; porphyritis, idis, fi: 
porphyréticus and purpiriticus (used 
only of stones): p. red, the colour of 
porphyry, q. Vv. 3. ostrinus: p. 
tints, ostrini colores, Plin. 9, 39, 64: 
p. cloth, ostrinum supparum, Varr, in 
Non. 549, 12. 4, conchyliatus: p. 
carpets, c. peristromata, Cic. Phil. 2, 29; 
a p. dress (p. cloth for dresses), c. vestis, 
Plin. y, 39, 64. 5, purple or purpled, 
tinged with p. red (purpurissum), pur- 
purissatus : cheeks, quiaque istas buccas 
tam belle purpurissatas habes, PI. ‘Truc. 
2, 2, 35: genae, Apul. Apol. p. 323. 

6. Tyrius, poet.- Tyrios mirare 

colores, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 18° clothed in a 
p. robe with a border of gold, indutus 
chlamydem Tyriam, quam limbus obibat 
Aureus, Ov. M. 5, 51: Tyrios laudabis 
amictus, id. A. A. 2, 29". 

purple (v.) : |. frans.: pur- 
puro, 1: to tinge with p., gen. poet., 
e. g. the waves, Spiritus Eurorum viridis 
cum purpurat undas, Fur. ap. Gell. 18, 
Il. [|]. lntrans.: grow or be p., or 
be purpled: said of light and flowers, 
Milton, Dryden, etc.: purptro, 1: the 
Latin word often requiring to be 
translated by the adj. or part., purple, 
purpling, purpled whose foliage is p. 
and gold, frondens quae purpurat auro, 
Col. 10, 201 (al. leg. frondet quae pur- 
pura et auro) the p.ing violets, purpu- 
rantes violae, Virg. Aen. 5, 160: paints 
the p.d (or purpling) year with flowers, 
purpurantem pingit annum floribus, 
Pervig. Ven. 12. Incept.: purpu- 
Tasco, 3: unda purpurascit, Cic. Fr. 
ap. Non. 162, 31. 

purpled (adj.): purpiiratus, pur- 
purans, purptrissatus. v. PURPLE, adj. 
and wv. 

_purpling (adj.): purptrans, pur- 
plirascens Vv. PURPLE, v. 

purplish: purptrans, purptrissatus. 

purport (subs.): 1, sententia 
(sense, significance): a letter was read 
to the same p., recitatae sunt tabellae in 
eandem fere sententiam, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 
10: cf. de Domitio dixit versum Graecum 
eadem sententia (af the same p.) qua 
etiam nos habemus Latinum, id. Deiot. 
9, 25. 9. significatio (meaning): p. 
of a writing or document, s. scripti, Cic. 
Part. Or. 31, 108. 3. voluntas (spirté 
or intention, esp. as distinct from mere 
letter): the p. of a law, v. legis, Quint. 3, 
6.99: Join: viset voluntas. the force 
or p. of words, verborum vis aut volun- 
tas, id. 12, 2, 19. See also, DRIFT, PUR- 
POSE, FORCE, MEANING. 4, exem- 
plum (identical words as well as sense) : 
of (or to) the same p. (and in the same 
words), uno or eodem exemplo: s0, 
literae uno exemplo, Cic. Fam. 4, 4: 
scribere bis eodem exemplo, ib. 9, 10¢ 


PURPORT 


—_— 


testamentum duplex, sed eodem exem- 
plo, Suet. ‘lib. 76: to this (the follow- 
img) p. hoc exemplo: Capuae literae 
sunt allatae hoc exemplo, Pompeius 
mare translit, Cic. Att. 9, 6. 5. very 
freq. by phrases, with the verbs specto, 
tendo. volo, e.g. what is the p. of this 
discourse? quo igitur haec spectat ora- 
tio? id. Att. 8,2. quorsum have omnis 
Bpectat oratio? id. Phil. 7% 9, 26: do you 
catch the p. of what I say? tenes quor- 
sum haecce tendant quae loquor? PI. 
Ps. 1, 2, 86 (cf. Hor. S. 2, 7, 21): nor 
could I clearly perceive the p. of the law, 
or of those words, nec satis intellexi 
quid sibi lex aut quid verba ista vellent, 
Cic Leg. 3, 15, 33: Vv. EFFECT, IMPORT, 
MEANING. 
purport (».): 1. significo, 1 (to 
tndicate, signify): cf. Ov. Met. 15, 576, 
quid sibi signiticent trepidantia consulit 
exta (seeks to ascertain what they p.). 
2, volo, 3 irr. with dat. of vefl. 
: Vv. TO MEAN. 3. valéo, 2 he 
have a certain force or meaning): they 
do not see what this word p.s, hoc verbum 
quid valeat, non vident Cic. Off. 3, 9, 39. 
4. specto, 1, foll. by ad (fo loolc or 
point in a certain direction): that the 
matter p.'d sedition, rem ad seditionem 
spectare, Liv. 25, 3. 
purnose (subs.): the end or design 
proposed, desired, or effected: the mean- 
ings running too much into each other 
to be separated, except by examples. 
1, propdsitum (object definitely set 
before one): what was Pompey’s p. or 
desire in regard to fighting ? quidnam 
Pompeius propositi aut voluntatis ad 
dimicandum haberet, Caes. B. C. 3, 84: 
to attain one’s p., p. assequi, Cic. Fin. 
3, 6: to hold or keep to one’s p., p. tenere, 
Nep. Eum. 3; in proposito manere, Suet. 
Gr. 24: a man firm to his p., justum et 
tenacem propositi virum, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 
1: the p. and manner of life, p. et vitae 
genus, Phaedr. prol. 3, 15: to speak 
away from (or not to) the p., a p. de- 
clinare aliquantulum, Cic. Or. 40; egredi 
a p. fornandi causa], id. Brut. 215 a p. 
aberrare, id. Fin. 5, 28. (Also. in abstr. 
sense, propositio: the p. and plan of 
this life, hujus vitae p. et cogitatio, Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 18, 39.) 2. consilium (plan, 
ign): it is my p. to do so, consilium 
est ita facere, Pl. Mil. 2, 3, 74: J aban- 
don the p. that I was at first bent upon, 
Tepudio quod consilium primum inten- 
deram, Ter. Andr. 4, 3, 18: with the p. 
of, etc., eo consilio, ut frumento Cae- 
sarem intercluderet, Caes. B. G. 1, 48: 
on p., consilio, Virg. Aen. 7, 216: Liv. 
35, 14: and with gen. of the subject, o/, 
by, or through the p. of (e. g. of the 
gods), sive casu, sive consilio deorum 
immortalium, Caes. B. G. 1, 12: v. 
PLAN. 3. instititum (course re- 
solved and entered upon): all that has 
nothing to do with the p. of this work, 
ad hujus libri institutum illa nibil per- 
tinent, Cic. Top. 6: in pursuance of 
(according to) his p., instituto suo 
Caesar ex castris copias eduxit, Cues, 
B. G. 1, 50. 4, sententia (reso/ution, 
meaning to do something): so far as I 
understood just now the old man’s p. 
about the marriage, quantum intellexi 
modo senis sententiam de nuptiis, Ter. 
Andr. 1, 2, 3: if it is one’s p. to, etc., si 
lonestatem tueri ac retinere sententia est, 
Cic. Off. 3, 33: Saturius persists in his 
p., perstat in sententia S., Cic. Rosc. Com. 
18, 56: what follows is to the same p., 
quae sequuntur in eadem sententia sunt, 
id. Tusc. 3, 18, 42. To alter one’s p., 
mutare sententiam, Cic. Mur. 29 (also, 
consilium, Caes. B. C. 2, 11; propositum, 
Petr. 116). To move from one’s p., ali- 
quem de sententia deducere, Cic. Brut. 
25, ad fin. 5. stiidium (eager bent 
or desire): to restrain (a man) from his 
p., retrahere (poetum) ab studio. Ter. Ph. 
prol. 2 not on p. but by chance, non 
studio, sed fortuito, Modest. Dig. 40, 5. 
6, expr. by animus: esp. in such 
phrr. as in animo alicui est, nobis erat in 
animo Ciceronem ad Caesarem mittere, 
Cic. Fam 14, 11: in animo habere, etc. : 





PURPOSE 


PURPOSE 





istum exheredare in animo habebat, Cic. 
Rosc, Am. 18, 22: less good, animus 
alicui est: it had been the p. of the 
conspirators (or, the c.s had purposed), 
fuerat animus conjuratis [bona publi 
care}, Suet. Caes.82 to forma p.,animum 
or in animum inducere: the p. he had 
entertained for a little while he did not 
hold, id quod animum inuuxit paulisper 
non tenuit, Cic. Att. 7,3. 7, destinatio 
(settled determination : late and intreq.): 
according to the p. of M. Agrippa, ex 
destinatione M. Agrippae, Plin. 3, 2, 3. 
Also, destinatum (prop. a mark aimed 
at): cf. neque tuis neque Liviae desti- 
natis adversabor, Tac. A. 4,40: on p., 
ex destiuato, Sen. Clem. 1,6. Suet. Cal. 
43- 8. finis, is, m. (end, object): the 
p. of eloquence is to persuade by lan- 
guage, t. (facundiae), persuadere dictione, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 5,6° an art useful for the 
ps of life, ad tinem vitae utilem (artem), 
Quint. 2,17, 41: for this p., ad eum f. 
(late). quod ad eum finem memoravi- 
mus, Tac. a. 14, 64: cf. END, OBJECT. 

9, mens, niis, f.: they scan the p.s 
of the gods in the entrails of sacrifices 
(poet. canstr.), mentesque dem scru- 
tantur in illis (fibris), Ov. M. 5, 137: 
with this p., ea mente, Cic, Fam. 12, 14: 
(nothing) shakes (him) in his steadfast 
p., Mente quatit solida, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 4. 

10. véluntas (wish): joined with 
mens: [ have formed this mind and p., 
hance mentem v.que suscepi, Cic. Cat. 
3, 9, 22: to prosper one’s p.s, volunta- 
tibus obsecundare, Cic. Man. 16, 48: to 
change one’s mind and p., mentem et 
voluntatem mutare, Cic. Prov. Cons. Io. 
With the p. of, or on p. to, cum ea volun- 
tate ut (laederet), Cic. Fl. 5, 11: on p., 
of set p., voluntate (opp. to casu): ef. 
DESIGN, INTENTION. Join: voluntate 
et judicio. ll. express by periphrasis 
of such verbs as volo, specto, peto, se- 
quor, valeo, with id, quod, quid, and 
other pronouns: his p. was to...., id 
voluit (foll. by injin.), Ter. Andr. I, 2, 9. 
Note esp. phr., sibi velle (to have a cer- 
tain meaning or p.): cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
61, 150, quid ergo illae, quid sibi statuae 
equestres inauratae volunt (= what is 
their meaning or p.?): to have great p.s, 
magna spectare, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45: to 
what p., quid spectans? (for specto, cf. 
DRIFT, PURPORT; and for peto and se- 
quor, cf. am): valeo, with adv.: nesvis 
quo valeat nummus (what p. it serves), 
Hor. S. 1, 1,73. Phr.: (i.) with, fo, or 


Jor, this ov that p., hanc, or eam ad rem, 


ea re, ob eam rem: men more fit for 
the p., homines magis ad hanc rem ido- 
neos, PL Poen. 3, 2, 6: as antecedent, 
with this p. that, for or with the p. of, eo, 
ideo, followed by ut: cf. bane ideo ra- 
tionem subjecimus, ut, ete., Cic. Inv. 2, 
23, 70. Also, ad, or in, foll. by pron. or 
gerund ; ad (in) id speculator (-es) mis- 
sus (-i), Caes.: cf. quum fingis falsas 
causas ad discordiam (on p. tu sow dis- 
cord), Ter. Hec. 4,4. 71. (ii.) for or to 
what p., quo, quorsum: dixit profecto, 
quo veile aurum, Cic. Coel. 21, fin. : Quo 
mihi fortunam, si non conceditur uti? 
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12: Quorsum est opus? 
id. S. 2, 7, 116: Quorsum tandem, aut 
cur, ista quaeris, Cic. Leg. 1, 1: to what 
p. 7s all this talk? quorsum haec dicis? 
to (for) another p. alio, aliorsum. cf. 
non alio datam summam quam in emp- 
tionem, Suet. Aug. 98: atqui ego istuc 
aliovorsum dixeram, Pl. Aul. 2, 4, 8. 
(ili.) on p.: (1). consulto~ he orders the 
cavalry to give ground on p., c. equites 
cedere jubet, Caes. B. G. 5, 50: Vv. PUR- 
POSELY. Join: consulto et cogitate 
(with design and premeditation), Cic. : 
V. DESIGNEDLY. (2). dita or dédita 
Opéra (with express intent): V. DESIGN- 
EDLY. (3). de (later ex) industria: esp. 
with @ p. (opp. to what ts natural and 
guileless) : paulum interesse censes, ex 
animo omnia, ut fert natura, facias, an 
de industria? Ter. And. 4, 4, 56: cf. De- 
SIGNEDLY (3). (iv.) without @ p.: incon- 
sulte, temere, sine consilio (Vv. INCON- 
SIDERATELY). (v.) to p., to good p. 
(= effectively): (1). ob rem: opp. to 


! frustra, Sall. Jug. 31, ad init.: id fruse 
tra an ob rem faciam, in vestra manu 
situm est. Also, ad rem, in rem: whag 
ts more to the p.? quid magis in rem 
est? PL Rud. 1, 4,1. (2). prospéré: v. 
PROSPEROUSLY. (3). Utiliter (for a good 
p.): cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 44,135 id. Off. 1, 25, 
89. (4). expr. by usui or ex usu esse, 
prodesse: more for your p., magis ex 
usu tuo, Ter, Eun. 5, 9,47: to what p, 
is it for me to feign? quid mihi fingere 
prodest? Ov. M. 13, 935. (5). expr. by 
réfert: what is it to the p., if, that, 
whether, etc.? quid refert, foll. by si, 
utrum, an o1 rel. clause, Cic. N. D. 1, 28- 
id. Div. 2, 34, fin.: is it anything to the 
p. of? si servus est, numquid refert? 
PL. Ps. 2, 4,28: what's that to my p.? 
quid id mea refert? id. Curc. 3, 25 (cf. 
tua, ib. 88): it is much to the p., multum 
or magni refert: i zs to little p. that, 
parvi refert, with inf., Cic.Q F. 1, 1,7: ef. 
parvi retulit non suscepisse. ler Pb. 4. 
3, 41. refert with adren.. & what p ? 
quam ad rem istuc refert? Pl. Ep. 2,2.93. 
(vi.) to no p.: (1). trustra: v. VAIN, IN, 
(2). incassum and (rarely) cassum : (not 
in Cic., and savouring of poetic diction) : 
to wield useless weapons to no p., vana 
incassum jactare tela, Liv. 10, 29: why 
these fears to no p.? quid cassum times? 
Sen. Herc. Oet. 353. Join: temere, 
incassum, frustra: Lucr. 2, 1060. (3). 
nequicquam ; v. VAIN, IN VAIN. (4). 
nihil: all to no p.! nil est! Hor. S. 2, 
3, 6: nihil agis, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12 (cf. Cic, 
Tusc. 2, 25, 61): with inf. clause us subj., 
it’s to no p. sending, at nibil est ignotum 
ad illum mittere, Pl. Cap. 2, 2, 94. Also, 
nihil and neque refert: neque refert 
videre quid dicendum sit, Cic. Brut. 29: 
nihil attinet: it’s to no p. saying what 
I think on that matter, de quo quid sen- 
tiam nihil attinet dicere, id. Fam. 4, 7, 3. 
(5). Expr. by adj.: e. g. inutilis (v. uN- 
PROFITABLE) : vanus: v. oratio, Cic. Am. 
26,96: irritus, ir. inceptum, Liv. 29, 35. 
Jvin: vana et irrita testamenta, Suet, 
Cat. 38: inanis: i. elocutio, Cic. de Or. 1, 
6, 20: i. verba, Quint. 8, 2,17 @ torrent 
of words to no p., inani verborum tor- 
renti, id. 10, 7, 23 (V. PURPOSELESS, UN- 
MEANING). Other phrr.: J’ waiting 
here to no p., manev otiosus hic; to 
labour to no p., operam, operam et 
oleum, perdere (cf. LABOUR: VAIN); 
agere actum (prov.), Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 72: 
Cic. Am. 22. (vii.) to the p. (of words, 
arguments, etc.): appdsitus (and -é), 
with ad: to speak to the p., dicere ap- 
posite ad persuasionem, Cic. Inv. 1, 5: 
an argument very much to the p., argu- 
mentatio appositissima ad judicationem, 
id. ib. 1, 14. (viii) from, joreign to, 
contrary to, not to, the p. (1). aliénus, 
with gen., dat., abl., also with ab and 
ad: not unsuitable for their p., neque 
aliena consili (domus), Sall. C. 40 /fo- 
reign to the p. of oratory, arti oratoriae 
al., Quint. prooem. 5. not suited for (or, 
Joreign to) the p. of my life, al, a vita 
mea, Ter. Ad. 5, 8,21 of fighting, ad 
committendum proelium al. tempus, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 34. (2). absurdus (infreq. 
in this sense): Join: absurdum atque 
alienum, Ter Ad. 5,8, 71. (3). ab re 
(esp. with non; not foreign to the p., 
e. g. to mention): Pl. ap. 2, 2, 88; Liv. 
15, 823 Plin. 27, 8, 35 (illud non ab re 
est dixisse, opp. to supervacuum just 
before), id. 31, 3, 26 (non ab re sit, uf 
will not be foreign to the p.), and often, 
but not in Cicero. (also, nihil ad rem- 
nihil ad haec). (4). expr. sipervaca- 
neus, rarely siipervacitus (idle, super- 
fluous). Join: (nibilj inane, nibil sine 
causa, nihil supervacaneum: Cic. NLD 
I, 33,92: it ts to 10 p. tO «0, S. C&t, 
with infin., Sall. C. 54 av 
purpose (v.): also, archaicé, to be 
purposed : 1. prdpdno, 3; alone, and 
with animo, usu. foll. by direct acc.: 
having accomplished what he had p.d, 
consecutus id quod animo proposuerat, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 47 - also, as impers. pass., 
propositum est, with dat, of subject; 
the thing purposed in nom. ; or expr. by 
inf.: also by ut and ee eee 
99 


PURPOSED 





that was not what I originally p.d, cum 
id mihi propositum initio non fuisset, 
Cic.Q. F. 1, 1, 6: this is what Ip. doing, 
propositum est hoc mihi facere, id. Brut. 
6: with ut, propositum est, ut eloquen- 
tiam meam perspicias, ib. 92. Later as 
v, intrams. foll. by infin.: Paul p.d to 
yo, etc., proposuit Paulus ire leroso- 
lymam, Vulg. Act. xix. 21: propositum 
habeo, v. PURPOSE, subst. 2, expr. by 
animus, in various special phrr.: ¢. g. 
in animo alicui esse, in animo habere. 


v. preced. art. (6). (Somewhat different | 


is, indicoanimumorin animum, to bring 
oneself to ; prevail on oneself to do sonv- 
thing ; implying some difficulty in the 
way.) 8, expr. by consilium est, with 
dat. of subject: Ip. to do so, consilium 
est ita facere, Pl Mil. 2, 3,73: J p. to 
wait, exspectare c. est, Cic. Att. 5, 5. 

4. cogito, 1 (esp. in familiar lang., 
to be thinking of doing something): 
ZI p. going to Antium, Antium me re- 
cipere cogito, Cic. Att. 2, 9, extr.: they 
were p.ing to attack... , cogitabant ado- 
riri, Caes. B. G. 3,24. §, tendo, more 
freq., intendo, 3; alone or witb animo: 
with ace. of thing: cf. Cic. Ph. 59> 4, 
si C. Antonius quod animo intenderat 


(what he had p.d), perficere potuisset: | 
also with inf., whither they had p.d | 


going, quo ire intenderant, Sall. J. 107. 


Less freq. reflect. with in; cf. intendere | 


se in rem, Quint. 4, 1, 3g: cf. TO INTEND. 
6, perh. ago, égi, actum, 3 (to be 


about anything): cf. Cic. Mur. 38, 82, | 


id quod et agunt et moliuntur, they are 
both ping and planning. Esp. as /7eq. 
agito, 1; with animo or mente: ag. in 
animo bellum, Liv. 21, 2: also with 
inf., ut mente agitaret beilum renovare 
(p.d renewing the war), Nep. Ham. 1. 
Puet. my mind is p.ing, mens agitat 
wihi, with inf., Virg Aen. 9, 187: alone, 
ag. fugam, ib. 2, 640; whut Fortune 
may p., quae agitet fortuna, ib. 3, 409. 
7. in stronger sense: destino, I \<o 

Jjix definitely, decide upon an objective 
point): without accomplishing what he 
had p.d, infectis iis, quae agere desti- 
naverat, Caes. B. C. 1, 33, jin. 8. 
static, 3: Join: statuere et deliberare 
(fo p. and determine): e. g., iste certe 
statuerat ac deliberaverat non adesse, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, init.: babeo statutum 
cum animo ac deliberatum, ib. 3, 41, 
95. Comps. (1). constituo, 3 (stronger 
than simple verb): with inf., I hear 
that Pompey ps... , audio constitutum 
esse Pompeiv in Siciiiam me mittere, 
Cic. Att. 7,7: with ut and subj., I had 
pd remaining, constitueram ut pridie 
idus Aquini manerem, ib. 16, 10: (2). 
instituo, 3 (usu. implying an actual 
commencement, according to plan): cf. 
institui Topica conscribere, id. Fam. 7, 
19. See also, TO DETERMINE, INTEND, 
RESOLVE. 

purposed (part. and adj.): v. DEs- 
TINED, DESIGNED, é€. g. “a purposed 
thing,” Shaksp.; “his purposed prey,’ 
Milton ; 
“Oaths were not purposed, more than 

law, 
To keep the just and good in awe.” 

Hudibras 

Also in the common sense, propésitus, 
cogitatus, statitus, destinatus: a p. 
crime, cogitatum facinus, Suet. Tib. 19. 

oin: meditatum et cogitatum scel's, 
Vic. Phil. 2, 34, 85. Also subs., desti- 
natum, a thing p.d: cf. antequam desti- 
ae componam (my p.d history), Tac. 

el, 14s 

nie oaelees + cassus, inanis, iniitilis 
(cf. PURPOSE, subs.) : how much of human 
hfe is p.! O! quantum est in rebus 
inane! Pers. 1, I. 4 

purposely: consulto (-e); cogitato 
(-e); de (later ex) industria; data or de- 
dita opera; e», ideo, ut: or prudens, 
sciens, in concord with subject (for exx. 
Vv. PURPOSE, subs.). whom I p. pass 
over, quos prudens praetereo, Hor. S. 1, 
Io, 88. Join: consulto et cogitate, Cic. 
Off. 1, 8, fin.: ex destinato, Sen. Clem, 
I, 6: Suet. Cal. 43. Net p., per impru- 
dentiam, Cic. Or 56, 189. 

600 


PURSE 


purr (subs. and v.): expr. by mur- 
mur, Uris, m ; Murmiro, 1; murmiira- 
tio (act of purring): words used for 
any low, indistinct sounds uttered by 
animals. 
purr (subs.): a bird, the sea-lark, 
*alauda marina (Ainsworth). 
purse (subs.): 1, criiména (less 
freq. -Ina): usually hung round the neck, 
cf, Pl. As. 3, 3, 67, hic istam colloca cru- 
menam in collo plane: to take out one’s 
p. cr. de collo detrahere; put (money) 
into one’s p., condere in cr.; bring 
home in one’s p., in cr. (in urbem) de- 
ferre; alt in id. Truc. 3, I, 9-10: with 
one’s p. full, non deficiente cr., Hor. 
Ep. i, 4, 11: to rob or steal one’s py 
crumenam pertundere (lit. to cut a hole 
in it), Pl. Ps. 1, 2, 38: hence perhaps, @ 
cut-purse, *qui crumenam pertundit: 
but v. No. 4. (N.B.—Saccarius is rather 
an embezzler, Ulp. Dig. 47, 11, 7.) To 
tighten the p.-strings, *cruamenam astrin- 
gére, contrahére (by anal.). 2. mar- 
supium (Gr. papovmov a leather pouch 
draun im at the mouth): there were 
800/. in my p., Numi octingenti aurei in 
m, infuerunt, Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 26 (cf. ib. 
| 31, inerat in crumena): to tale move 
care of our p. than our life, majorem 
curam habere nos m. quam vitae nos- 
| trae, Varr. ap. Non. 2, 563: to rip up 
one’s p., mm. exenterare, Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 3: 
marine fish-preserves rather empty than 
jill their owner's p. maritimae piscinae 
potius m. domini exinaniunt, quam im- 
| plent, Varr. R. R. 3, 17. 8, sacciius, 
m. (a small bag=scrip): Plin. 2, 51, 
52: the p. is full to the mouth, pleno 
| turget sacculus ore, Juv. 14, 138: prov. 
for un empty or light p., plenus s. est 
| aranearum, Catull. 13, 7: opp. to arca, 
| Juv. 11, 26, ignoret, quantum ferrata 
distet ab arca Sacculus (i. e. the differ- 
ence between scanty means and large 
ones). 4, zona (Gr. Gary a girdle; 
a money-belt): (said C, Gracchus) I 
went from Rome with my p. full, and 
brought it back empty, zonas, quas ple- 
nas argenti extuli, eas ex provincia in- 
anes rettuli, Gell. 15, 12, fin.: to lose 
one’s p. (have it stolen), z. perdere, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 2,40. Hence, a cut-pur'se, sector 
zonarius, Pl. Trin. 4,2, 20. Join: cut- 
throats and cut-purses, sectores collorum 
et bonorum, Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80. 
5. funda (rare, and scarcely to be 
followed) putting his hand in... .he 
drew out, demissa in pauperem fundam 
manu, paucos denarios protulit, Macr. 
Sat. 2, 4, fin. (funda seems by anal. to 
be a net-purse, for which reticulum 
may also be used: v. NET), The follow- 
ing signify larger receptacles for money, 
but are often equivalent to our use of 
purse: §, meton. arca (money-chest ; 
store of money): (buy works of art for 
me and) trust my p., a. nostrae confidito, 
Cic. Att. 1, 9: such proceedings drain 
the governor's p., ea res arcam patris- 
familias semper exhaurit, Col. 3, 3: to 
Sill the p. with the price of, etc., pretiis 
eorum complere arcam, id. 8, 8: the 
public p., arca quaestoria (=fiscus), 
Symm. 10, 33, 40. 7. loctli, always 
pl. (a receptacle with different compart- 
ments for various things): to deposit 
money safely in one’s p., numMmMoOs in 
loculos demittere, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 175. 
Joined with sacculus, I’ve searched p. 
and pockets (to see if I’d a coin leit), 
excussi loculosque sacculumque, Mart. 
5, 40: used, like p., for bribery (= lar- 
gitio), Auson. Grat. Act. 5: to give 
money out of ones own p. denarios 
donare, prolatos manu sua e peculiaribus 
loculis suis, Suet. Galb. 12, jin. (cf. 
No. 9). 8. théca numaria (6yKn, re- 
pository): you won’t have had to open 
your p., thecam numariam non retex- 
eris, Cic. Att. 4, 4. 9. A private or 
separate p. (esp. a wife’s), pécilium, 
Suet. Tib. 50: Ulp. Dig. 2:, 3, 9 § 3: 
péculidres nummi, Paul. Dig. 12, 1, 31. 
Phr.: to pay out of one’s own p., de 
suo numerare pecuniam, Cic. Att. 16, 
16, A tohave along p., in suis nummis 
| esse, Cic. Verr. 6, 6; or, versari, id. Rose. 








a ee SS ES ee ee eS 


“PURSTUE 





Com. 8: to make a p. for oneself, opes 
condere, Virg.G. 2, 507: to go to market 
p. in hand (buy for ready money), prae- 
senti pecunia mercari aliquid, Pl. Cap. 
2, 2,8: a man with a long (or full) p., 
homo bene nimatus, Cic. Agr. 2, 22 (cf. 
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 38, Ac bene numatum 
decorat Suadela Venusque, Love and 
Persuasion bless the well-filled p.): 
bomo pecuniosissimus, Cic. Verr. 5, g 
(cf. feminae pecuniosae, Suet. Aug. 5): Z 
return with a fuller p., numatior re- 
vertor, App. M. 1, p. 105: a p.-bearer, 
*praebitor argentarius: perhaps dispen- 
sator, Macrob. Sat. 2, 4, jin. 
purse (v.): |. Zo put money into 
one’s p, (Milton): v. PURSE, subs. i. 
To draw tagether (pucker up) like t 
nouth of 4 p.: astringo, contraho, 3: to 
p.the brow (Shaksp.), astringere frontem, 
Mart. 11, 40; contrahere frontem, Cic. 
Clu. 26, jin.; supercilia contrahere, 
Quint. 11, 3, 79: to p. the lips, astringere 
labra, Quint. I1, 3 (prop. to close, in 
silence : but if may be used by analogy). 
purse-proud: superbus pecunia, 
Hor. Epod. 4, 5.) 
pursiness: 1. dyspnoea (Svo7vova, 
difficulty of breathing): Plin. 23, 4, 47. 
2, anhélatio: v, BREATHING. 
Obésitas: v. FATNESS. 
pursuance, pursuant: only in 
phrr. in pursuance of, pursuant to...: 
1, ex (e): im p. of a decree of the 
senate, ex senatus consulto, Cic. Rep. 3, 
18: so, ex lege, ex decreto, ex edicto, 
etc.:_v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. ex (VIL.). 
2. de: in p. of my directions, de 
meo consilio, Cic. Att. 6, 3,4: to adopt 
a course in p. of the advice of friends, 
capere consilium de amicorum sententia, 
id. Verr. 2, 2, 17, init. 3, sécundum, 
with ace.: J appoint duumvirs in p. of 
the law, duumviros s. legem facio, Liv. 
I, 26, med.: v. ACCORDING TO. e, 
often expr. by rel. clause or modal abl. : 
in p. of his annual practice, ut quo- 
tannis facere instituerat, Caes. B. C. 5, 
I: cf. instituto suo, ib. 1, 50. 
pursue: |. Zo give chase to an 
enemy: J, séquor, cutus, 3: he began 
to p. them with all his forces, cam om- 
nibus copiis eos s. coepit, Caes. B. G. 1, 
26: et pass. Comps. (1). perséquor, 3 
(to follow up closely or to the end, to 
continue uw pursuit): they p. the fugi- 
tives as far as the river, fugientes usque 
ad flumen persequuntur, ib. 7, 67: Sall. 
(2). inséquor, 3 (to press up and as- 
sail): to p, with a drawn sword, stricto 
gladio ins., Cic. Ph. 2,9, 21: p.ing (the 
enemy's) rear too eagerly, cupidius no- 
vissimum agmen insecuti, ib. 1, 15: ef. 
Sall. Jug. 50, ubicunque Romanorum 
turma insequi coeperat (where the sense 
is, to fall upon, atiack): still oftener in 
sense (II.). (3). proséquor, 3 (to p. to 
a distance): they could not p. the Jugi- 
tives far, neque longius tugientes p. 
poterant, Caes. B. C. 2, 41. 2. insto, 
stiti, 13 insisto, stiti, 3 (to press close 
upon; giving an enemy no time to 
rally): with dat. or absol.- cf. Caes. 
B.C. 3, 45, illi antem hoc acrius insta- 
bant (pressed them with the more vigour) ; 
and Liv. 26, 44, effusis (hostibus) insiste 
ere, to follow up a victory and press the 
rear of a routed enemy. 3. prémo, 3 
(like insto): v. TO PRESS. |]. Zo as- 
sail and continue to use violence against : 
1, comps. of séquor: (1). inséquor, 
33 usu. with such modal ablatives as, 
clamore, minis, contumelia, etc.: Cic.: 
Vv. TO ASSAIL. (2). exséquor, 3 (esp. to 
pursue with vengeance or retribution) : 
that I will p. L. Varquinius Superbus 
with fire and sword, me L. Tarquinium 
Superbum ferro igni exsecuturum, Liv. 1, 
59. (3). perséquor, 3 (to proceed ayainst, 
prosecute, take vengeance on): to p. @ 
state with war, bello civitatem p., Caes. 
B. G. 5, 1: so, in legal sense, judicio p., 
Cic. Fl. 20. (4). prdséquor, 3 (esp. fo 
assail with outcry, jrom a distance): 
to p. with insulting cries, contumeliosia 
vocibus p., Caes. B. C. 1, 69: Cic. 3. 
comps. of sector, 13 all of which, as 
being frequentatives, denote inact 





PURSUER 








or vehemence of attack: (1). insector, 1: 
to Pp. (violently) with blows, verberibus 
i, Tac. A. 1,20 Esp. in fig. sense: to 
p. any one as an enemy, inimice quem- 
piam ins., Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 5; with abuse, 
maledictis ins. id. Fin. 2, 25, 80. (2). 
consector, I (a still stronger expr.) 0 
p. the vanquished with implacable hatred, 
victos implacabili odio c., Tac. H. 4, 
init.: Cie. (clamoribus et conviciis et 
sibilis consectari, to assatl furiously). 

3. invéhor, ctus, 35 with in and 
ace.: V. TO INVEIGH aGarnst. (N.B— 
The simple verbs sequor, sector, are 
not used in this sense.) {J, Fig.: t 
adopt and continue in a certain course: 

1, séquor, 3: v. TO FOLLOW. Also 
comp. perséquor, 3 (strengthened) to 
p. (throughout) a certain course, Viam Pp. 
Ter. Hee. 3, 5, 4. Q, insisto, 3: with 
dat. or acc.: what plun of action they 
would p., quam rationem pugnae in- 
sisterent, Caes. B. G 3, 14. 8, less 
exactly, and without figure, iter, 3 
(with abl.): to p. good counsels, bonis 
consiliis uti, Cic. fr. (Nizol.). (N.B— 
Consilium inire, capere, refer to the 
adopting or entering on a plan, vot to 
carrying tt out.) IV. Zo prosecute, 
carry on systematically: esp. in phr, to 
p. one’s studies, studiis insistere, Quint. 





I, 12, 10: also, *(literarum) studiis | 


operam dare, Herm.; stutlia exercere, 
Kr Vo go on with, esp. in nar 
ration: 
quor; which is to relate or describe 
fully): I will not p. the subject further, 


quod non prosequar longius, Cic. P. Am. | 
2. exséquor, 3: to p. an en- | 


30, 33. 
terprise to the end, aliquid usque ad ex- 
tremum ex., Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 5 - to p.a 
subject in detail, aliquid copiosius ex., 
Quint. 9, 3, 89. VI. Vo seek a certain 
end 1, séquor, 3° to p. advantage, 
utilitatem s., Cic. Am. 27, Ior: to p. 
petty gains (in trade), parvas mercedes 
s., Hor. S. 1, 6,87 opp. to fugere (= to 
shun), id. Ep. t, 1, 72. 2. consector, 
I (to p. or seele eagerly): to p. riches or 
power, opes aut potentiam c., Cic. Off. 1, 
25, 86. Jvin: consectari, adipisci velle, 
id. Fin. 1, 10, 30. 3. péto, 3: v. To 
SEEK, 
pursuer ;: 1. use imperf. part. of 
stquor, inséquor, etc. (v. TG PURSUE, I.), 
except in nom. sing.: v. L. G. § 638: 
secutor, only used for a sort of gladiator, 
who fought with the retiarius, Juv. 8, 
210: Smith’s Dict. Antt. 9. insé- 
cutor (late only), baffling the p.s, frus- 
tratis insecutoribus, Apul. M. 4, iit. 
8. insectator, m.: (= censurer) +: 
ins. vitiorum, Quint. fo, 1, 129. May 
pr serve for the peculiar sense used 
y Denham in 
“Like a declining statesman, left forlorn, 
To bis friends’ pity and pursuers’ scorn.” 
Or inimicus may be used. 4, perse- 
eitor, m.: (=pumnisher): pers. flagiti- 
orum turpium, Capitol. Albin. 11: (7. 
persecitrix, Aug. Cons. Ev. 1, 25. 5, 
consectator, only found as fem., consec- 
tatrix {one who seelcs to vbtain): Cic. 
Off. 3, 33, 117 (N-B.—For pursuer, as 


a term of Scotch law [like 6 duxcwv), | 


V. PLAINTIFF.) 

pursuing (adj): séquax: Virg. Aen. 
3o, 365 (Latio dare terga sequaci, pur- 
suing Latium): p. flames, s. flammae, 
ib. 8, 432. Prop. 

euing' (subs.) : |. Giving 

pursuit chase to an enemy: usu. 
expr. by verb: night prevented the p. 
from being carried further, *nox longius 
hostes prosequi prohibuit. tn the ardour 
of the p. ke was carried too far, *dum 
bostes prosequitur, longius elatus est: 
they pressed the p. so closely that...., 
adeo effusis institerunt ut...., Liv. 26, 
44° Joab sounded the recal from the 
p. of the fugitive foe, cecinit autem 
Joab buccinam et retinnuit populum ne 
persequeretur fugientem Israel, Vulg. 
2 Reg. xviii. 6 they were too weary to 
continue the p., prae lassitudine fugientes 
persequi non potnerunt, id. Judic. viii. 
4. Esp. expr. by gerund they did not 


1, proséquor, 3 (not perse- | 





rease the p. till...., neque finem prius 


PURVEYANCE 





sequendi fecerunt, quam, Caes. B. G. 4, | 


1: to deter the enemy from pursuing 
(or the p.), ab persequendo hostes deter- 
rere, Sall. J. 50. to the p. of (= to pursue 
after), ad persequendum aliquem, Vulg. 
2 Reg. xx. 7. The verbal subss, from 
sequor, insequor, étc., are rare: @ g., 
(1). séciitio: Aug. Mor. Eccl. 1, IF 
(=striving after). (2). perséciitio (late 
in this sense): p. bestiae, Ulp. Dig. 41, 
1,44: Apul. M. 4, p.155. (3). insectatio, 
J. (best) (active pursuit and assault 
upon): ins. hostis, Liv. 21, 47: (with 
words), Brut. in Cic. Fam 11, 1. (4). 
late and rare, inséciitio: Apul. M. 8, 
p. 208. |l. Striving after: 1, con- 
sectatio (a strong term): good but rare: 
the p. of elegance (in language), cons. 
concinnitatis, Cic. Or. 49, 165 (dub.). 

2. stiidium (eager desire and aim- 
ing at): p. of praise, s. laudis, Cic. Arch. 
11, 26- ch. afr. (IIE): 8. oltener 
expr. by verb, esp. ger. part. : concern- 
ing the p. of honours, *de honoribus con- 
sectandis: v TO pursur (VI). Mi. 
Objectively ; ‘he employment pursued ; 
an occupation: stadium ef. Hor. S. 2,1, 
27, quot capitum vivunt, totidem siu- 
diorum millia (as many different p.s as 
there are people): with gen., p.s belong- 
ing to, suited for, sunt pueritiae certa 
studia; sunt et ineuntis adolescentiae ; 
sunt extrema quaedam studia senectutis, 
Cic. Sen. 20, 76. Join: inceptum et 
studium, purpose and pursuit (a quo 
incepto studioque me ambitio mala de- 
tinuerat, Sall. C. 4). 

pursuivant: cadiceator: Vv. HERALD. 
pursy: 1, %bésus: Vv. FAT, OBESE. 

2. anhélus (short-winded): cf. a. 
senes, Virg. G. 2, 135. 

purtenance: i.e. the pluck of an 
animal, SS. and Hudibras; intestina, 
exta~ both”. pl.: Vv. ENTRAILS. 

purulence: pis, puris, 7. (purulent 


matter): Cels. 5, 26, 20° also, sinies, Gi, | 
v MATTER (VL.). Full of p., puru- | 


ib. 
lentus, putidus: v. PURULENT. (Later, 
puriilentia, a purulent mass, Hier. in 
Jesai. 1, 1,6: and fig, p. civitatis, Tert. 
Pall. 5, jim.: also, pariilentatio, Coel. 
Aur. Tard. 5, 3.) 

purulently : Plin. 
proocem. 

purulent: /estering, gathering pus : 


purulente, 23, 


1. purilentus. Plin, 22, 11, 13° ct. | 


Cato R. R. 157, cancer albus purulentus 
est. Subst. purulent matter (vulg. mat- 
ter), piitlenta, . pl, (pus), Plin. 20, 
2515. 2. pitidus (of sores, ranie and 
Joul): Cato R. R. 157. 
purvey: |, Prop., and in the best 
old writers, = PROVIDE (q. v.). —[|, Zo 
provide food, cater: 1, obsdno, t (fr. 
owwvew, to buy meat): Pl. Aul. 2, 4, I: 
with cognate acc, Jl go and p. for 
myself, egomet ibo atque obsonabo obso- 
nium, id. Stich. 1, 3, 36. Also obsdnor, 
1, dep., with abl. of the cost: cf. vix 
drachmis est obsonatus decem (spent 
10 dr. in png for himself), Ter. Audr, 
2,6,20. 2, expr. by obsonium curare, 
Pl. Mere. 3, 3, 22; coemere obsonia: 
p.ing with borrowed money, ornnia con- 
ductis coémens obsonia nummis, Hor, 8. 
I,2,9- $3, annonor, 1 (late and rare): 
Capit. Gord. 29. Also expr. by subs. 
annona: @ difficulty in ping ( food), 
gravitas annonae, Tac. A. 6, 13: anno- 
nae difficultates, Suet. Aug. 41: Vv. To 
MARKET, PROVIDE. Also expr. by spe- 
cial terms for euch case: fo p. corn, 
frumentor, 1: Tert. ad Nut. 2, 8: to p. 
wood, lignor, 1: ete. : 
purveyance : |. Orig. = PRovi- 
SION: q. V. Il. The providing of 
food: J, obsénatus, as: Pl. Truc, 4, 
2, 273 and obsdnatio, 7, Don. ad Ter, 
Andr. 2, 2, 32. 2. emptio, dnis, 7, 
with annonae, trumenti, ete. 8, an- 
nonae cura: to attend to the p. of food, 
annonae curam agere, Suet. Cl. 18: cf. 
duplicem curam administravit annonae, 
id. lib. 8. [I|. Concrete, the suppites 
purveyed : 1, obsdnium: make us 
a princely p., tu facito nobis obsonatum 
sit opulentum obs., Pl. Bacch, 3, 1, 64. 
2. annona; a sufficient p. of other 


RES. 


— 


supplies, an. tolerabilis rerum aliarum, 
Liv. 35, 44. Also expr. by adj. anno- 
narius ; corn and other Ieinds of p., fru- 
mentum ceteraeque annonariae species, 
Veg. Mil. 3, 3: V. PROVISIONS, SUPPLIES. 
purveyor : J. In usu. sense of 
purvey, esp a state officer: L. obsd- 
nator a capital p. (caterer), obs. opti- 
mus, Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 73: p.s who have a 
Jine knowledge of their lord's taste, obvs. 
quibus dominici palati notitia subtilis 
est, Sen. Ep. 47. 9. on a large scale, 
uartermaster (?), anndnarius (late), Cod. 
“heod. 8, 13. [|]. A mild term for a 
procurer (Spectator): léno: v. PRO- 
CURER, 
pus; the festering matter produced 
by inflammation : pits, piris, n.; sanies, 
éi: v. naTrer (VI.). 
push (v.): {, Orig. sense (= Fr. 
pousser, tr. Lat. pulso), to thrust at or 
away, usu. with a weapon (as, “push 
with biting point,’ Dryden), esp. of an 
animal pushing with its horns. péto, 
ivi and ii, itum, 3: cf. Ov. 5, 185, Pec- 
tora Lyncidae gladio petit (p.s or thrusts 
at): to p. with the horn (of a steer or 
ram) cornu petere, Virg. EK. 3, 87 (cf. 
id. G. 3, 526, Inter se adversis luctantur 
cornibus haedi): v. TO THRUST, BOTT. 
(N.B.—Also late Lat. [esp. Vulg.} ven- 
tilo, ventilor, 1; to wave in the atr; 
hence, to toss about: with these horns) 
shalt thou p. Syria, his ventilabis 
Syriam, Vuig. 3 Reg. xxii. 11: and ab- 
sol, I saw a vam p.ing, vidi arietem 
cornibus ventilantem, id. Dan. visi. 4.) 
||. 70 (or try to) move or remove by 
force, lit. and fig.: for derived senses 
See examples : 1, Comps. of pello: 
(1). impello, pili, sum, 3: push m or 
on cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 119, triplici pubes 
quam (navem) Dardana versu impellunt 
(p. through the water): we loosened (the 
tower) and p.d it over, convellimus 
faltis sedibus | impulimusque, Virg. Aen. 
2, 464: to p. (thrust) in a sword to us 
hilt, ferrum capulo tenus imp., Sil. 9, 
328: to p. (or give a push to) a falling 
person, imp. ruentem, Tac. H. 2, 63 (tg. 
cf. Cic. Clu. 26, 10, praecipitantem igitur 
impellamus et perditum prosteruamus) ; 
to p.on (to a certain cours), in fraudem, 
id. Pis 1,13 ad bellum, id. Sull. 13, 36: 
the mind is p.d one way or the olher by 
a slight impulse (or p.), animus paulo 
| momento buc illuc impellitur, ler, And. 
1,5, 31: p.d on by rage and madness, 
furore atque amentia impulsus, Caes. 
B. G. 1,40. (N.B—Such is the use of 
our best writers: for other exs. v. IM- 
PEL.) (2). propello, 3 (p. forward, 
forth, or away): cf. bastam p., Sil. 16, 
571: to p. forward and dislodge the 
enemy, p. ac submovere hostes, Caes. 
B. G. 4, 25: p. out head foremost, prae- 
cipem [= praecipitem] p., Pi. Kud. 3, 3, 
8: p.ddown from the cliff into the sea, 
inque profundum propulit e scopulo, Ov. 
M. 8, 593. Fig.: to p. forvard one's 
crude efforts before the public (stronger 
than put forward), cruda stiidia in forum, 
prop., Petr. 4. (3). expello (p qué or 
away): p. (or p. down) Ue ships Jrom 
the shore into the sea, ab litore naves in 
altum exp., Liv. 41,3. Prov; p. out 
Nature with a pitchfork, and back she 
keeps coming again, Naviran expellas 
furca, tamen u-que recurret, Hor. Ep. 1, 
10, 24: with abl. domo, Cic. in Pis. 7, 165 
agris, Caes. B.G. 4, 4; civitate, Cic. Att. 
10, 4: V. TO DRIVE OUT OR AWAY, EX- 
PEL. (4). répello (p. back or away) 
cf. nostros repellit ab castris, Caes. B. C, 
1, 15: to p. away the tables, mensas 
rep. Ov. M. 6, 661: to p. back the bolts, 
repagula rep., ib. 2, 157: (0 p. back the 
diadem (us a sign of refusal), diadema 
rep., Vell. 2, 56, fin. 9. in this sense, 
less freq. simple verb pello, 3 oftener 
rather to beat at, knock at, batter: he will 
be p.'d out of doors, pelietur foras, Ter. 
Eun. 5, 8, 11: (he enemy are p.d back, 
pelluntur hostes, Caes. B. G. 7, 62 (cf. 
DRIVE, KrocK). reg. pulso, r (the 
source of the Eng. word): fo p (batter) 
the walls with the ram pulsare ariete 
muros, Virg. Aen. 12 7063, trudo si 
601 








PUSH ON 





sum, 3 (*hrust: nearest to vulgar sense 
of push) *o be pulled and p'd at once, 
et trahi et trudi simul, Pl.Capt 3, 5, 92: 
when rivers p. on the ice, glaciem quum 
flumina trudunt, Virg. G. 1, 310. p.ing 
in vain against a mountain, frustra op- 
positum trudentes pectore montem, ib. 
3.323 Join trudere atque impellere, 
Lucr. 6, 1031 + Fig.: day p.s on day 
(i.e. presses hard upon), dies truditur 
fie, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 15 (cf. Ter. Andr. 4, 
4, 40) 5 we p. one another on to sins, in 
Vitia alter alterum trudimus, Sen. Ep. 
41, 5: to p. a coward into battle, in- 
ertem in proelia tr., Hor. Epod. 1, 5, 17- 
Of plants shooting. the vine p.s forth 
buds, (paupiuus) trudit gemmas, Virg. G. 
2, 335. The pass. is used as vefl.: cf. 
truditur (pushes out) e sicco radix ole- 
agina ligno, ib. 2, 31. (N.B.—Promo is 
also used in this sense, Col. 3, 12.) Comp. 
protrido (p. forward, forth, out): to p. 
a roller, prot. cylindrum, Cic. Fat. 19, 
43: and so the whole mass is gradually 
p.d forward and set in motion, atque 
ita tota paullatim moles protruditur 
atque movetur, Lucr 4, 891-2: tobe p.’d 
out of doors, protrudi penatibus, Amm. 
2g, I. 4, méveo, movi, métum, 2. 
ofiener, submoveo, 2: v. TO DISLODGE, 
EJECT: to p. the enemy from his posi- 
tion, hostem statu m., Liv. 30, 18. fo 
p. any one into war, m. aliquem ad bel- 
lum, Liv. 35, 12. (also used of plants 
shooting): if the buds don’t p. yet, si se 
gemmae nondum moveant, Col. 11, 2 
and in pass., a bud p.s, de palmite 
gemma movetur, Ov. Tr, 3, 12, 13. 
Comp. promoéveo (p. forward) - loads, 
onera, Col. 11, 1: stones with wedges, 
saxa vectibus, Caes. B. C. 2,11: esp. of 
military movements; castra, Caes, B. G. 
1, 48 legiones, Hirt. B.G. 8,16 scalas 
et machinamenta, Tac. A. 15, 4, fin.: 
castra ad Carthaginem, Liv, 28, 44, fin. 
5, molior, 4, dep. (p. away, remove 
by a strong effort): it was not easy to 
p. aside the obstacles in their way, neque 
moliri onera objecta facile erat, Liv 25, 
36- cf. id. 9, 3, num montes moliri sede 
sua paramus? like “ Waters had pushed 
a mountain from its seat,” Milton. 6, 
urgeo, ursi, 2 (to press close upon thrust, 
jostle): you are p.d by the crowd about 
you, urgeris turba circum te stante, Hor. 
S.1, 3,135: she (the witch) p.s fine needles 
inte the liver, tenues in jecur urget acus, 
Ov Her. 6, 91-2 cf. Aut petis aut urges 
ruiturum Sisyphe, saxum (Whether you 
hwil or push the stone, it’s sure to fall 
again), id. M. 4, 460. Join: impello 
et urgeo Wave drives on wave (prest 
Jorward by the wind), Each pushes that 
before, is pushed by that behind, unda 
impellitur unda, Urgeturque prior ve- 
niente, urgetque priorem, ib. 15, 182: 
the infantry p. (the enemy) in front, 
eos a fronte urgere pedites, Liv. 10, 36 
(cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 26): to p. (or p. hard) 
in an argument: urgent tamen et nihil 
remittunt, Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 77: to be hard 
p.'d with questions, interrogando urgeri, 
based on id. Or. 40,137. |. Zo advance 
with effort, in phr. to push one’s way: 
expr by perrumpo, rupi, ptum, 3: to p. 
its way through a marsh (of an army), 
paludem p., Cues. B. G. 4, 19: Tac. 
Phr.: i they should attempt to p. their 
way across in spite of him, si se invito 
transire conareutur, ib. 1, 8: also, iter 
tentare per provinciam, ib, 1, 14. Some- 
times, contendere, iter facere, may serve. 
V. TO PUSH ON, 
pushon: |. Trans,, to urge for- 
ward: impello, protrido, insiigo (only 
fig.), etc. v TO PUSH (II.). I]. Also 
trans, to hasten forward: 1. in- 
sisto, stiti, 35 insto, 1 (usu. with dat.) : 
to p. on one’s studies, suis studiis in- 
sistere, Quint. 1,12, 10 top. on the con- 
quest 0/  ampania, perdumandae Cam- 
paniae ins, Lac. H. 3, 77. Insto is 
chiefly used absol.: push on! urge, in- 
sta! perfice, Cic. Att. 13,32. 2, urgeo, 
2 top. on a work, opus u., Ov M. 4, 
390 to p. on a purpose (with obstinate 
persistence), u. propositum, Hor. S. 2, Gh 
6, rg TOHASTEN. ||], Intrans., 
2 


PUSHING 





to proceed with rapidity, advance with- 
out pausing: 1, contendo, di, tum, 3: 
he p.s on for Italy by forced marches, 
in ltaliam magnis itineribus contendit, 
Caes. B G.1, 10. so, Magno curs c., ib. 3, 
19. Also with acc : Cic. R. Am. 34, fin. 
(nocte una tantum itineris contendere), 
Foll. by infin.; he p.’d on tov ards Bi- 
bracte, Bibracte ire contendit, Caes. B. G. 
Kuaee 2, expr. by eo, iter facio (v. 
TO MARCH). cf. Cues. B. G. 1, 26, ea tota 
nocte continenter ierunt, they p.’d steu- 
dily on all that night. 8. insto, stiti, 
I (esp. to p. om in pursuit, press upon): 
the others p.’d on the more eagerly, illi 
acrius instabant, Liv. 3, 45: Caesar's 
army wus p.ing on, instabat agmen Cae- 
saris, Caes. B. C. 1, 80. Impers. pass.: 
if they (only) p.’d on, si instetur, Liv. 2, 
44. fin. 4, festino, accéléro, 1: v. TO 
HASTEN. 5, pergo, perrexi, ctum, 3 
(to proceed ; go right on): V. TO PROCEED. 

push (swbs.): for senses see PUSH, v. 


|. In orig. sense, a thrust (p. of | 


spear, Shaksp.): 1, ictus, ts cf. Liv. 
2, 20° uno ictu transfixus. Phr.. with 
p. of pike (Raleigh), infesto spiculo, ib. 
(adapted): v. THRUST. 2. impétus, tis 
(shock, dashing against: esp. in battle 
= charge): he broke the enemy at the 
first p., hostes primo i. impulit, Liv. y, 
27: to make a p. (rush) at, imp. facere, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 25: vV. ONSET, ATTACK. 
For fig. use of impetus, cf. Cic. Off. 
I, 15, 49, repentino quodam impetu 
animi incitatus: v. IMPULSE. Il. 
A moving or attempting to move a 
body from without: 1, pulsus, ts 
(whence Eng, push): to be set in motion 
by ap. from without, p. externo agitari, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 23: an accidental p., cf. 
id. Div. 2, 61, externus et adventitius p. 
animos dormientium commovet. Join: 
motus et pulsus: cf. Gell. 9, 13 (fig.), 
animus quatitur et afficitur motibus pul- 
sibusque. 2, more freq. comp. im- 
pulsus, tis (esp. in abl.); impnilsio: by 
p. of shields, scutorum impulsu, Cic. Caec. 
15, 43: cf. id. N. D. 2, 12, 32, where an 
external impulse or push, and a sponta- 
neous movement are contrasted: non 
alieno impnisu, sed sua sponte, movetur, 
id. N. D. 2, 12, 32. Also by the verb: 
to give anything a p., impellere aliquid, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 465: v. TO PUSH (1). 3H 
momentum, motus: Vv. MOTION, MOVE- 
MENT. lll. Fig., a@ vigorous and 
determined effort: Phr.: to make a 
p.. expr. by verb: (1). insto, 1: esp. 
as pass. tmpers.: if a p. were made, 
si instetur {suo milite vinci Romam 
posse], Liv. 2, 44 (like, “one vigorous 
p. will force the enemy to cry out for 
quarter,” Addison). (2). urgeo, si, 2: 
Join: urgere, instare- make a p. and 
Jjinish the work, quamobrem urge, insta, 
perfice, Cic. Att. 13, 32. (8). tento, 1 
to make a p. for freedom, libertatem 
tentare, Liv. 6,18 I’ll make another p. 
for it, *iterum tentabo (Ainsw.). Comp. 
also foll. a determined p. must be 
made, agenda res est et audenda, Liv. 
35, 35° making a great p. at the enemy, 
ad hostes magno conatu profectus, Liv. 
7,6. - |V¥. Also fig., extremity: dis- 
crimen, inis, n.: it has come to the last 
p., in summo res est discrimine, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 38: ad extrema perventum est, 
Curt. 4, 14: (in battle) ad triarios ventum 
est (v. Dict. Antt. s. v. EXERCITUS)- cf. 
adducta est res in maximum periculum 
et extremum pene d., Cic. Phil. 7, 1- 
when he sees the last p. of the war is 
come, postquam adesse d. ultimum belli 
animadvertit, Liv. 44, 23: to desert (or 
fail) one at the p., in ipso d. periculi 
aliquem destituere, Liv. 6, 17. Phr.: 
at the last p., in extremis suis rebus, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, fin. V A pimple: 
pustila: Vv USTULE. 

pusher (subs.): one who pushes on or 
Jorward (a person, scheme, etc.): im- 
pulsor but usu. by the verbs. 

pushing (swbs.): impulsus, im- 
pulsio p. back, répulsus: v. IMPULSE, 
PUSH (subs.). 

Pushing (adj.): |. In @ sense not 
bad: promptus, strénuus: y. ACTIVE, 








PUSILLANIMOUS 


ENERGETIC, ENTERPRISING, PROMPT. [I 
Passing into the bad sense: 1, perh. 
andax (usu. denoting a bad quality): v- 
DARING, PRESUMPTUOUS. Also expr. by 
subs, audacia, esp. in phr. urbana audacia 
(the pushing spirit of the city), Cic. Prov. 
Cons. 4, 8. 2. confidens ( possessed 
of assurance: in good or bad sense): @ 
p. fellow, (parasitus quidam]} homo con- 
fidens, Ter Ph. 1, 2, 73. Join: im- 
probus, confidens, nequam, malus, Pac. 
(Lucil.) in Non. 262, 11: Join: auda- 
cior et contidentior: Qui me alter est 
audacior homo? aut qui me confidentior, 
Pl. Am. init.: v. FORWARD. 3, mé- 
lestus (troublesome, as one who makes 
himself disugreeable) : esp. in connexion 
with other words. a man not at all p., 
homo minime ambitiosus, minime in ro- 
gando molestus, Cic. Fam. 13, 1. Some- 
times also the following may serve: im- 
portunus (wnseasonable and offensive) ; 
immodestus (not keeping within bounds) : 
and témérarius (headstrong): see also 
INTRUSIVE. Also expr. by substs.: in- 
credibil1 importunitate et audacia, Cic, 
Verr, 2, 2, 30: cf. IMPUDENT, FORWARD. 
pusillanimity: 1, animus hii- 
mnilis, imbécillus, ete.: to show p. in the 
endurance of suffering, dolores humili 
imbecilloque animo ferre, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 
49: what p. is this! *quam sunt haec 
animi humilis atque imbecilli! Animus 
abjectus is also near akin to Eng. cf. 
Cic. Am. 16, 59, where abjectior animus 
denotes the disposition to undervalue 
oneself : animus dejectus denotes dis- 
couragement aud being cast down. Q, 
animi debilitas Cic. Fin. 1. c. (cf. also 
id. in Pis. 36, 88, where debilitatio atque 
abjectio animi denote the active mani- 
festation of the quality described as 
debilitas animi, animus bumilis atque 
imbecillus):; also, imbecillitas animi, 
Caes. B. G. 7,77. Comp. timor et in- 
fractio quaedam animi et demissio, Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 7, 14 (also strictly denoting the 
active manifestation of a quality there 
designated timiditas et ignavia). 3. 
timiditas, ignavia (cf. supr.): v. TIMID- 
ITY, COWARDICE, (N.B.—Beware of using 
pusillus animus, which denotes simply 
a small or narrow spirit, and has no 
special application to the vice of cow- 
ardice or pusilanimity. Pusillanimitas, 
quite barbarous.) 
pusillanimous: 1, perh. best, 
humilis, e- p. fear, h. pavor: Virg. G. 
I, 3313; descending to the most p. en- 
treaties, ad humillimas devolutus preces, 
Suet.- Vit. Lucan. Join: humilis et 
abjectus, Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 82: humilis et 
demissus, id. Att. 2, 21: humilis imbe- 
cillusque: (dolores bumili animo imbe- 
cilloque ferre), Cic. Fin. 1,15, 49. Also 
expr. by gen. of quality: that is ex- 
tremely p., *animi admodum humilis 
atque abjecti haec sunt. 2. ignavus 
(cowardly): feroces et inquieti inter 
socios, ignavi et imbelles inter hostes, 
Liv. 26, 2: a most p. and cowardly 
enemy, ignavissimus ac fugacissimus 
hostis, id. 5, 28 all the most p., ignavis- 
simus quisque, Tac. H. 4,62. Of emo- 
tions: p. grief, ignavus dolor (Plin.). 
8. timidus: Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 
3, 58, 219. Join timidus nulliusque 
animi, Cic. Sext. 16, 36° timidus atque 
ignavus, id. Fam. 11, 18: timidus ac 
tremens, id. in Pis. 30, 74: imbelles tim- 
idique, id. Off. 1, 24, 83: in a@ p. spirit, 
Join. {quae} timido animo, humili, 
demisso, fractoque [fiunt), ib. 3, 32, 115. 
4, abjectus (humble or mean-spi- 
rited): to be p. animo abj. esse. ita 
sum animo perculso et abjecto, Cic. Att. 
3, 2: the most p. spirit, abjectissimus 
quisque animus, Quint, f1. 1 13. 5. 
debilis: of a more p. spiril, ingenio de- 
bilior, Tac. Hist. 4, 62 also by the 
subst., softly p., mollem debilitate, Mart. 
3, 86, 5. 6, démissus: Join animo 
demisso atque humili, Cie, Font.11- fear 
ts (a thing) p., etc., aliud metus (opp. to 
iracundia): demissum, et haesitans, et ab- 
jectum, Cic. de Or. 3, 58,218. Adv. démissé 
=a p.manner : hedared not speak with 
boldness and freedom while his thoughts 


 —_— ses 


PUSILLANIMOUSLY 





were low and p., nun est ausus elate et 
ampie loqui, quum bumiliter demisseque 
sentiret, Cic. Tuse. 5, 9, 24. 7. tractus 
and infractus Join: fractus et demis- 
sus; esse fracto animo et demisso, Cic. 
Fam. 1, 9 fractus et humilis, fracto 
animo atque himili alicni supplicare (to 
make p. and mean entreaties), id. Plan. 
20, 50 fraciior animo, Cic. Att. 11, 12: 
to display so p. u spirit, adev infractos 
animos gerere, Liv. 7, 31. 8, imbe- 
cillus. Join: ignavi et imbecilli (cow- 
ardly and p.), Cic. Rep. 1, 32: Sen. Ep, 
85. Adv.: to have a p. dread of pain, 
imbecillius horrere dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 30,85. (N.B —Pusillanimis, e, faint- 
hearted, ouly very late- Sid. Ep. 7, 17, 
jin.) v. ABSECT, COWARDLY, DISPIRITED, 
MEAN. Adv. = Adj. in Eng.: p. submis- 
sion, servire humiliter (opp. to superbe 
dominari), Liv. 24, 25: you are bold 
when you threaten, p. when you en- 
treat, audacter territas, humiliter placas, 
Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28. Subst. = Adj. in 
Eng. (in the hendiadys, humilitas et 
obsecratio): a magnanimous boldness is 
often more effetive jor exciting pity 
than p. entreatirs, saepe virtus et mag- 
nificentia plus proficit ad misericordiam 
commovendam quam humilitas et obse- 
cratio, Cic. Inv. 1, 56, 109. 
pusillanimously: 1. express by 
animo with the adjs.: esp. animo ab- 
jecto, demisso, tracto, bumili, timido: v. 
PUSILLANIMOUS. Q, by abls. of substs.: 
V. PUSILLANIMITY. 3. by advs.: esp. 
(1). abjecté: (2). démissé: (3). hiimili- 
tér: (4). ignavé (and -itér): (5). timidé: 
Join: ne quid abjecte, ne quid timide, 
he quid ignave fuciamus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
23,55: not p., though far from bravely, 
ut oppressis omnibus non demisse, ut 
tantis rebus gestis parum fortiter, Cic. 
Att. 2,18: Join: humiliter demisseque, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24: v. supr.: humiliter 
opp. to animose (proudly); animose 
paupertatem ferre, humiliter infumiam, 
Sen. Ep. 120, 9. 
puss: untranslateable, as there is no 
evidence of cats and hares having been 
pets: but, if absolutely necessary, use 
1, félis or (as briefer) cité (voc. of 
the late catus): v. CAT. 2, lépus- 
cults (poor little hare): v. HARE. 
pustule: 1, pustiila: Cels. 5, 28, 
15° Sen. Ep. 72: Plin. 20, 22, 87. 2) 
Pusiila: Plin. 20, 6,21: Mart. 14, 167. 
put: (N.B.—1. In translating this 
word, care must be taken to distinguish 
the cases in which it is followed by a 
true preposition, governing a noun, from 
those in which it is compounded with a 
separable particle, the noun being the 
object to the compound verb: e.g. 
Case 1, the load was put on the horse: 
Case 2, he put on his hat: but, for con- 
venience of reference, we shall put most 
examples of the former kind under the 
heads of the latter. 2. The word is so 
general in its use, |hat in many passages 
it must be expressed with the context, 
and not by any verbal equivalent. 3. 
Its two chief uses, referring to state and 
place, are too much mixed up in Latin 
to be put under separate heads: cf. exp. 
TO PLACE.) 1. do, dédi, dare, datum 
(rt. DA = DU, put), is the strictest equi- 
valent J’ll p. my lenee to the ground, 
genu ad terram dalbo, Pl. Capt. 4, 2,17: 
to p. into one’s hands, (aliquid mihi) in 
manum dare, ‘ler. Andr. 1, 5,62 to p. 
in chains, aliquem in vincula dare, Flor. 
3, 10 (ef. Ter Andr. 1, 5,62, praecipitem 
me in pistrinum dabit): bodies are p. 
on lofty pyres, corpora dantur in altos 
rogos, Ov M 1, 608 they p. the enemy 
to flight, hostes in fugam dederunt, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 26 to be p. to flight, sese 
in fugam d., Cic. Verr. 4, 43, ad fin.; 
and with dat. se fugue d., id. Att. 7, 23: 
p. to death, aliqnem leto d., Phaedr. 1, 
22,9 to p. back the havi, follow the 
poet. phrase in Ov. M. 1, 529, levis 
Tetro dabat aura capiilos. Fig.: who 
p. tt in the king’s heart, qui dedit hoc 
in corde regis, Vulg. 1 Esdr. vii. 27° 
thou hast p. gladuess in my heart, dedisti 
laetitiam in corde meo, id. Ps. iv. 7. he 








jd OEY 


p. them to a perpetual reproach, oppro- 
brium sempit-rnum dedit illis, id. Ps. 
xxvii. (Ixxvi.) 66 that the Lord would 
p. his Spirtt upon them, det eis Dominus 
Spiritum suum, id. Num. xi.29. Hence 
2. Comps. (i.) abdo. idi, {tum, 3 - with 
dat. (rare) p. mm prison, abditus carceri, 
Vell. 2, 91: usu. with in and acc., he p. 
it into his bosom, in gremium abdidit, 
Suet. Galb. 20. (ii.) addo, Idi, itum, 3: 
cf. eas epistolas in eundem fasciculum 
velim addas, Cic. Att. 12, 53: to p. hands 
into munacles. addere manus in vincla, 
Ov. Am. 1,7, 1 to p. spirit or courage 
(into people), absol. add. animum, ‘Ter. 
Heaut. 3, 2, 31: animos, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 4. 
(iii) subdo, idi, itum, 3 with dat., he p.s 
spurs to his horse, subdit calcaria equo, 
Liv. 2, 20 ef. (fig.) ingenio stimulos 
subd., Ov. T'r. 5, 1, 76. Fig.: to p. 
spirit into a person, alicui subd. spiritus, 
Liv. 7, 40: to p. one’s necle into the chains 
of love, colla vinclis subd., Tib. 1, 2, go. 
(iv.) trado, di, itum, 3, also transdo 
(hand over, deliver, entrust to), with 
dat. of person (cf. Vulg. Num. xi. 17, tra- 
dam eis, J will p. it upon them): to p. 
anything into the hands (of a person), 
aliquid in manum trad., Pl. Mere. 2, 2, 
7: without in man., cf. Vulg. Gen. 
XXxXix. 4, quae ei tradita fuerant. p. one 
in prison, aliquem in custodiam vel in 
pistrinum trad., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4 (cf. 
Vulg. Gen. xlii. 17, tradidit illos cus- 
todiae, p. them in ward): p. to flight, 
navem in fugam transdunt, Att. in Non. 
155, 8: I p. both myself and my hopes 
in your keeping, in tuam custodiam 
meque et meas spes trado, Pl. Most. 2, 
I, 59-—In the more common use, with 
reference, primarily, to place :— 3. 
pono, pdsui, positam, 3 (the etymo- 
logical equivalent Pos, orig. POT = PUT, 
perhaps meaning plant): examples nu- 
merous: constr. usu. in with abl.: 
to p. accounts in the treasury, tabulas 
in aerario p., Caes. B. C. 3, 108: there 
he p. the man, in quo (horto) posuit 
hominem, Vulg. Gen. ii. 8: also, in 
with acc. (with reference to transference 
of position): to p. a brand in the 
jlame, stipitem in flammam p., Ov. M. 
8, 452: to p. a crown on the head, 
coronam in caput p., Gell. 3,15: to p. 
olives in the sun (i. ce. expose them to its 
heat), oleas in solem p., Cato, R. R. 7: 
with adv.: in fig. sense: as for wisdom, 
she had nowhere to p. her foot (i. e. no 
place was left for her), quod enim sa- 
pientia. ubi pedem poneret non habebat, 
Cic. Fin. 4, 25, 69: to p. his name there, 
ut ponat nomen suum ibi, Vulg. Deut. 
xii. §: with on or upon, super (Vv. PUT 
ON). Pono is used for to p. a person’s 
name to a document : cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 15 - 
et quidem quum in mentem venit, 
ponor ad scribendum, when it occurs to 
Caesar, I am p. (i.e. he sets my name as 
a signature) to the senate’s decrees. 
Peculiar and fig. uses: (1) to p. a case 
(to assume or suppose): put it, that he 
is conquered, verum pone, esse victum 
eum, ler. Ph. 3, 4, 25. put it thus, 
positum sit igirur, Cic. Or. 4, 14° (2) to p. 
a question (for discussion or solution): 
cf. id. de Or. 1, 22, 102, nunc mihi vos 
quaestiunculam, de qua meo arbitratu 
loqnar, ponitis? Pass. impers.: doc- 
torum est ista consuetudo, eaque Grue- 
corum, u! iis ponatur, quae disputent (a 
question is p. for them to discuss), id. 
Am. 5,17: (simply = ask a question, in- 
terrégo, I Vv. TO 48K); (3) to maintain 
a point : to p, it as certain, aliquid pro 
certo p., Liv, 10, 9, fin.: (4) to p. oneself 
beyond blame, p. se extra culpam, ic. 
(5) to p, one’s life in hazard (to sacrifice, 
or Lay it Down) > cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 24, si 
in hac cura atque administratione vita 
mihi ponenda sit. so, to p. one’s life in 
one’s hands, auimam in manibus p., 
Vulg. Judic. xii. 13: (6) to p. hope or 
trust in any one, in aliquo spem p., 
Cic. Att. 6, 1: to p. one’s hope of safety 
in one’s valour, spem salutis in virtute 
p.. Caes. B. G. 5, 34° (7) to p. words in 
any one’s mouth, verba in ore ejus p., 
Vulg. Deut. xviii. 18 (8) p. me in 


Pur 





surety with thee, pone me juxta te, Vulg 
Job xvii. 3: (9) to p. one thing (falsely) 
for another: cf. id. Is. v. 20, vue qui 
dicitis malum bonum et bonum malum; 
ponentes amaruim in dulce, et dulee in 
amarum : (11) to p. to work, p. in opere, 
id. 1 Reg. viii. 16: v. ro puT To. 4, 
impono, 3 (p. in, on, upon): with in and 
acc., in and abl. rare (v. P. IX, P. ON, 
P. UPON): with dat. or adv.: there they 
p. the women, eo mulieres imposuerunt, 
Caes. B.G. 1.51. Fig.: gen. with dat, 
when = put (simply): to p. an end to 
hope, finem spei imp., Liv. 5, 4. toa 
(literary) work, finem imp. volumini, 
Quint. 9, 4, 146: to p. a crovn tw the 
undertaking, operi inchoato fastixium 
imp., Cic. Off. 3, 7, 33: to p. the last 
hand (or strok) toa work ‘give it the 
last touch), summam manum operi imp., 
Plin. 36, 5,4, $16: to p. the last hand 
to the war (make the final effort), ex- 
tremam bellu imp. manum, Virg. Aen. 
7. 572: to p. more labour on the sol- 
diers, plus militi laboris imp., Cic. Mur. 
18, 38 (cf. IMPOSE). 5, appono, 3: 
p. the table (or tray) here, appone hic 
mensulam, Pl. Most. 1, 3, 150. 6. 
répono, 3: top grapes in new jars (= 
store up), Vivas in vasa nova rep., Col. 
12, 16. Fig.: to p. no hope in, nibil 
spei in caritatem civium rep., Liv. 1, 
49: p. in the number of (i. e. reckon 
among), in numero rep., Cic. Sest. 68, 
143: in numerum (dub.), id. Inv. 1, 26, 
39: in (alone), with abl.: in suis: id. 
Att. 10, 8, A: with acc., homines in 
Deos rep., id. N. D. 1, 15, 38. tf 
pango, nxi, nctum, and pégi, or pé- 
pigi, pactum, 3 (to fiz, settle): to p 
bounds to, terminos p., Cic. Leg. 1, 29, 
56: p. a price on, pretium p. (with dat.), 
Tac. A. 14, 32: comp. dépango (rare) 
Col. 3, 16, 1: cf. TO PLANT, SET. Also 
planto and deplanto, in same sense. 

8, statiio (v. To seT Up): cf. super 
terrae tumulum noluit quid statui, nisi 
columellam, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66. 9. 
applico, avi and tii, atum and (late) 
itum, I, with ad and (rarely) dat.: he 
p.s his shoulders to the stones, applicat 
bumeros ad saxa, Ov. M. 5,160. to p. 
a napkin to the face, sudarium ad os 
app., Suet. Ner. 25: noone p. his hand 
to his mouth, nullus applicuit manum ad 
os suum, Vulg. 1 Reg. xiv. 26 (cf. aPPLy). 

10. mitto, isi, issum, 3 (with the 
idea ot motion or change of state), in late 
Latin: in all that you p. your hand to, in 
cunctis ad quae miseritis manum, Vulg. 
Deut. xii. 7: cf. id. Luc. ix. 62, mittens 
Mabnum suam ad aratrum. v. P. INTO. 

11. condo, didi, ditum, 3 (for safe 
keeping): to p. a (shaved off) beard into 
a golden box, barbam condere in auream 
pyxidem, Suet. Ner. 12. to p. (money) 
tnto one’s purse, c. in crumenam, PL 
Truc. 3, 1, 9: p. in prison, aliquem in 
carcerem c., Cic. Verr. §, 29, /in. (in cus- 
todiam, Liv. 31, 23): with adv., sortes eo 
c., Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86 (cf. To PUT AWAY, 
TOSTORE UP). 12, facio, féci, factum, 
3 (p. into some state, position, or con- 
dition), perhaps the most usual equi- 
valent for put in its wide indefinite 
sense, €. g. fratres meos longe fecit a 
me (p far from me), Vulg. Job xix. 13: 
numerous examples may be found in 
the Latin Dictionisry,s.v. Facto. 18, 
Phr.: expressed by other verbs (Note: 
those in which put is followed by a 
preposition, whether in compusition or 
not, are put under the heads of the com- 
pour.ds, for greater convenience of refer- 
ence) —(i.) to p. a question (1) by 
way of discusswn or appeal: 1, pono, 
Vv supr.: 2. quaero, sivi or sii, situm, 3, 
with ab, de, ex, of person, and rel. clause 
or acc. of thing: cf. quaero abs te nunc, 
Cic. Verr. 3,83 quaero de te, Liv. 4, 40: 
pass. impers. quaeritur, Vlin. 31, 3, 21: 
quaesitum est, Hor A. P 409. (2) to 
p.a question to the vote* réléro. 3 the 
Jive tribunes p. the questum, quinque 
tribuni plebei retulerunt, Cic. Fam. 10, 
16. consir with de of the question, de 
tuis litteris, ib.; and ad (¢. g. ad sena- 
tum): cf. QUESTION. (3) To a trust in 

3 


PUT AGAINST 


or on: crédo, 3: confido, 3: fiduciam 


PUT DOWN 





id, 11, 3, 160. lil. To make slow or 


habere: Vulg. passim: v TO Trust: late: tardo, 1: top. back one’s departure, 
also, spéro, 1: with in and acc.: Vulg.:| profectionem t., Cic. Fam. 4, 5: comp. 


Vv. TO HOPE. (4) Jo p.a thing in trust 
with a person, aliquid in fidem alicujus 
tradere, Liv. 38, 3 to be p. in trust 
with: crédi, with dat. of person, and 
subj. of thing cf. ut crederetur nobis 
Evangelium, Vulg. 1 Thess. ii. 4. 

put against: appono, 3, with ad: 
to p. a mark against a bad verse, notam 
ad malum versum app., Cic. Pis. 30° cf. 
id. Fam. 13,6: when the scaling-ladders 
were p. against (the walls), scalis appo- 
sitis, Liv. 37, 5: cf. To PUT TO. 


— apart: p. aside: p. asun- | 


der: 1. seorsum péno: cf. castris 
seorsum posilis, Anct. B. Afr. 48: also, 
Ss mitto cf. misit singulos seorsum 
greges, Vulg. Gen. xxxii. 16. 2. se- 
pono, 3: cf. Primitias magno seposuisse 
Jovi, Ov. F. 3, 730: id ego ad illum fannm 
(sc. ornandum) sepositum putabam, Cic. 
Att 15,15. 3, séparo, 1 (cf. To sEPA- 
RATE): separate illos ab invicem procul, 
Vulg. Dan. xiii. (Susan.), 51. 4, di- 
Vido, 3: id. ib. 52: cf. To pIvIDE. 5. 
amoévéo, 2 (=p. on one side): id. ib. 
56: omnibus arhitris procul amotis, Sall. 
C. 20: cf. TO REMOVE: TO SET ASIDE. 
—— away: |. Top. away a thing 
for safe keeping: 1, pono, 3: OF 
condo, 3; and récondo: 8. abdo, 3: v. 
TO LAY UP: TO STORE UP: TO HIDE. Il. 
To cast off (as a hindrance, pollution, 
annoyance, bad habit, &c.). 1, pono: 
to p. away care, curas p., Liv. 1, 19: 
fear, metum p., Plin. Ep. 5, 6: anger, 
iram p., Hor. A. P. 160: and poét., corda 
ferocia, Virg. Aen. 1, 302: enmities, 
inimicitias, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 6 [ef. 
TO LAY ASIDE}. And compd. depono 
(opp. to suscipio, take up): cf. dep. 
amicitias, susc. inimicitias, id. Am. 21, 


77: invidiam dep., id. Agr. 2, 26: simul- | 


tates dep., id. Planc. 31, 76: dep. ex 
memoria insidias, id. Sull. 6, 18. 2. 
abjicio, 3: cf. abjiciamus ista, Cic. Att. 
13, 31: abjicite deos alienos, Vulg. Gen. 
XXXvV. 2: and stronger, projicio, 3: cf. 
spem salutis pr., Plin. Ep. 7, 27: pro- 
jicit ampullas et sesquipedalia verba 
(=disdains), Hor. A. P. 97: idola pro- 
jecerunt, Vulg. Judic.x.16. 3, auféro, 
abstiili, 3: cf. auferte deos alienos, Vulg. 
1 Reg. vii. 3: foll. by de, id. 2 Paralip. 
xv. 8: by a, Osee ii. 2: by ex, p. away 
from among yourselves that wicked per- 
son, auferte malum ex vobis ipsis, id. 
r Cor. Vv. 13: 4, tollo, 3: cf. omnis 
amaritudo tollatur a vobis, id. Eph. iv. 


31. §, rémovéo, 2: joined with procul | 


esse: p. away fiom thee a froward 


mouth, and perverse lips p. far from | 


thee, remove a te os pravum, et detra- 
hentia labia sint procul a te, id. Prov. iv. 
24. 6, amdvéo, 2 (=vreject) : cf. 
(Saul) quem amovia facie mea, id. 2 Reg. 
vii. 15. 7. répello, puli, pulsum, 3: 
cf. dolorem a se rep. Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30: 
diadema rep., Vell. 2, 56, jin. (= re- 








[PAC ye tense 


rétardo, 1; Plin. 21, 21, 89: v. TO RETARD. 

put before: |. In position, lit. 
or fig. . 1, oppono, 3: cf. oculis 
manus opp. Ov. F. 3, 46: manum fronti, 
id. M. 2, 276. 2. pono, 3: p. before 
your eyes, etc., pone ante oculos laeti- 
tiam senatus, Cic. Phil. 2,45: v. TO SET 
BEFORE. I], In order: praepono, 3 : 
putting the last before the first (= prov. 
the cart before the horse), praeponens 
ultima primis, Hor. S. 1, 4, 59. I]. A 
proposition : propono, 3: Vv. TO PROPOSE. 

— beside: pono, with iuxta: v. 
BESIDE. 

— between: interpono, 3: gen. 
with dat.: equitatui interponit auxilia 
levis armaturae, Hirt. B. G. 8, 17: also 
with inter; Numidas inter eos interp., 
Auct. B. Afr. 13: post-class., pono with 
inter: I will p. a division between, 
ponam divisionem inter, Vulg. Ex. viii. 
23; cf. Gen. iii. 15, p. inimicitias inter. 
To p.a difference between (i. e. make to 
differ; or, recognize a difference be- 
tween): distare velle, Cic. Top. 8, 34: 
distinguo, nxi, nctum, 3. Cic. Verr. 4, 
41: discerno, Vulg. 1 Cor. iv. 7. 
vy: |. Zo deposit : il 
condo, didi, ditum, 3: v. TO LAY UP. 

2. dépono, 3: to have something p. 
by, aliquid in deposito habere, Papin. Dig. 
36, 3, 5. 3. répono, 3: to p. by one's 
writings for some time, scripta in ali- 
quod tempus rep., Quint. 10, 4,2. Join 
condo et repono: fructus condendi ac 
reponendi scientia, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, fin. 

Il. Yo turn aside, to ward off: 
averto, 3: déverto, 3: défendo, 3: v. To 
TURN ASIDE, TO PARRY. Ill. 7o refuse 
(“he put it [the crown] by thrice,” 
Shaksp.): répello, 3: v. PUT AWAY 
(IL. No. 7). IV. 70 lay astde: to p. 
by the web and the work-basket and 
theun finished tasics, telasque calathosque 
infectaque pensa, Ov. M. 4, 10: v. T0 PUT 
AWAY 3 TO PUT OFF. 
down: |. Tosetdown: 1, 
depono, 3: to p. down a load, onus dep., 
Lucr. 3, 1072: to p.down a thing out of 
one’s hands, aliquid de manibus dep., Cic. 
Fig.: to put down money, 








| ‘tc. (esp. as a wager): depono: Ip. down 


| 





fuse): ut contumelia repellatur, Cic. | 


Off. 1, 37, 137 (=discard): and, {I}. 
in a bad sense (=cast off through self- 


will): I did not p. away his statuies | 


from me, justitias ejus non repuli a me, 


fidem et bonam conscientiam, quam 
quidam repellentes, rt ‘Tim. i. ry. IV. 
In theological sense, transféro, 3: the 
Lord hath p. away thy sin, Dominus 
transtulit peccatum tuum, Vuig. 2 Reg. 
xii. 13. Phr.: to p. aay sin, ad desti- 
tutionem peccati, id. Heb. ix. 26. V. 
In legal sense, to p. away a wife: 1 
répudio, 1: v. TO DIVORCE. 
(less formal), sc. conjugio, Tac. A. 11, 29. 
— back: |. Zo return a thing 
to its pluce: 1, répono, 3: with dat.: 
lapidem suo loco rep., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56: 
with in and abl., pecuniam in thesauris 
rep., Liv. 29, 18 also acc., pecuniam in 
thesauros, id. 29, 19. 9. récondo, 3: 
Vv. TO PUT UP; TO REPLACE 3 TO RETURN. 
Il. Top. backwards: 1, répono: 

to p. back the hair, capillum rep., Quint. 
8, prooem. 22. 2. retroago, 3: cf. 
capillos a fronte contra naturam ret., 


Dy réjicio | 





this hetfer, ego hanc vitulam depono, 
Virg. E. 3, 31: also, in medium conferre 
(=te p. into the pool), Suet. Aug. 71: 
v. TO LAY: to p. down (in writing): 
scribo, conscribo, describo: v. TO WRITE 
DOWN. 2. appono, 3: cf. Pl. Poen. 
4, 2, 35: Sy. Onus urget. Mi. At tu 
appone (p. tf down tnen): cf. Ter. 
Andr. 4. 3, 10, hune ante nostram 
januam appone. Also (very rare), to 
put down as, e. g. gain, quem fors 


dierum cunque dabit, lucro appone, Hor. | 


Od. 1, 9, 15: ef. Ter. Andr. 2, 1, 32: v. 
TO ACCOUNT; TORECKON. 8, féro, tiili, 
latum, 3: to p. down an item in an ac- 
count, cf. Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 100, expensum 
tulerit (p. it down as paid). Il. Zo 
lower : 1. démitto, misi, missum, 3: 
to p. down the sail-yard, antennam 4d., 
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 9: top. down the ears (in 


0 Ss | fear or submission), d. anres, Hor. Od. 
Vulg. Ps. xvii. 23 (xviii. 22): cf. habens 


2, 13, 34: d. auriculas, id. S. 1, 9, 20: 
also submitto: aures (opp. to surrigere), 
Plin. 10, 48, 67: oculos, Ov. F. 3, 272: 
fasces, Plin. 7, 30, 31: Vv. TO LET DOWN; 
TO LOWER. Q, dépono, 3: he p.s down 
his head and falls asleep, caput deponit, 
condormiscit, Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 81: to p. 
down his head on the ground, caput 
terrae d., Ov. M. 3, §, 20. 8. déjicio, 3 
(V. TO THROW DOWN ; TO THROW OFF): in 
old Eng. (e. g. Bacon) used like alvum 
dejicere: v. TO PURGE. ||], Hence, fig. 
to degrade, to humble; to repress : it 
prémo, and compounds: (1). prémo, 
pressi, pressum, 3: he prided himself 
on p.ing down a superior, premendo 
superiorem sese extollebat, Liv. 22, 12: 
to p.down one’s reputation, famam ali- 
cujus pr., Tac. A. 15, 49: im order to 
p. down people's talk, ut premeret vulgi 
sermones, id. A. 3, 6. Join. premere 
ac despicere, Quint, 11, 1, 16. (2). dé- 





PUT FORTH 


primo~- each raises himself by ping 
down another, ita se quisque extollit, 
ut deprimat alium, Liv. 3,65, fin (3), 
supprimo- v. TO REPRESS. 2. déiicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3° with de, to be p. down 
Jrom a post of honour, de honore dejici, 
Cic. Verr. Act. I, 9, 25: abl. alone, 
honore, Liv. 39, 41° p. down from their 
supremacy, dejecti principatu, Caes. B. G. 
7,63. Joined with demoveo, depello, 
and detrudo, in Cic. Caecin. 14, 49, de- 
movert et depelli de loco necesse est 
eum qui dejiciatur: neminem statui 
detrusum, qui non adhibita vi mann 
demotus et actus praeceps intelligatur: 
for detrido (the strongest term) cf. to 
be p. down from the jirst rank to the 
second, a primo ordine in secundum de- 
trudi, Suet. Caes. 29. Depono is used in 
this sense in Vulg. Luc. i. 52, deposuit 
potentes de sede, et exaltavit humiles- 
V.TO DEGRADE,TO DEPOSE. |VY, Vosup- 
press, todo away with: 1, exstinguo, 
nxi, netum, 3: when death had p. doun 
envy, mors quum exstinxisset invidiam, 
Cic. Balb. 6, 16: truth may too often be 
overpowered, never p. down, veritatem 
laborare nimis saepe, aiunt, exstingui 
nunquam, Liv. 22, 39. Join: exst. 
and opprimo: you ought to p. down 
and crush in the bud the power of that 
sort of men, hominum ejusmodi perni- 
ciosam atque intolerandam potentiam 
primo quoque tempore exst. atque op- 
primere debetis, Cic. Rose. A. 13. 36. 
2. tollo, sustiili, sublatum, 3: to p. 
down old laws by new ones, veteres leges 
novis legibus t., Cic. de Or. 5, 58, 247: 
with ex, dictaturam funditus ex repub- 
lica t., id. Phil. 1, 1, 3: Vv. TO ABOLISH; 
TO DESTROY. 3, submitto, 3: furorem, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 832: cf. TOQUELL. Y,, 
Yo p. down something of one’s oun; to 
give up, abandon, resign : 1, pono 
(opp. to sumo, take up): cf. Nec sumit 
aut ponit secures, Arbhitrio popularis 
aurae, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 19-20: ct. TO LAY 
DOWN. Q, répono. 98, exio: ef. To 
LAY ASIDE. 
put forth: |, Phys. to stretch 
Jorth (esp. the hand): 1, usu. ex- 
tendo, di, tum and sum, 3: v. TO STRETCH 
FORTH, OUT: with ad and ace. of the 
thing touched, Vulg. 2 Reg. vi. 6: also 
the simple verb with ut: tetendit Oza 
manum suam ut sustentaret arcam, id. 
1 Paralip. xiii. g: with de, (Jeroboam) 
p. forth his hand from the altar, ext. 
manum suam de altare, id. 3 Keg. xiii. 
4. Fig.: to engage in any deed: top. 


| forth one's hand to iniqnity, ext. ad 


iniquitatem manus suas, id. Ps. exxiv. 
(CXXV.) 3. 2. mitto, misi, missum, 3 
(post-class.): Vulg. Gen. iii. 22, xix. 10: 
and @mitto, id. Ezech. viii. 3. Both verbs 
used fig. with in and acc., in the sense of 
injure, attack, violate: to p. forth the 
hand against (a person), manum ext, 
in, id. 1 Reg. xxii. 17, xxiv. 11 (the 
simple verb, tendo, in t Paralip. xiii. 
19): manum mittere in, id. 2 Reg. xviii. 
12: for an infliction, extende manum 
tuam et tange, id. Job i. 11 (cf. ii. 5, 
mitte manum, etc.). I]. More gen., 
to cause to go forth, send out ; turn out: 

1, mitto, and comp. émitto, 3: cf. 
Cic. Cat. 1, 11, non emissus ex urbe, sed 
immissus in urbem: Vulg. Joh. x. 4 
(said of a shepherd), cum proprias oves 
emiserit. 2. Stronger, foras @jicio, 
projicio: v. TO TURN ouT. Intr., foras 
fiéri: he commanded to p. (them) forth, 
jussit foras ad breve homines fieri, Vulg. 
Act. v. 34. [|], Hence, to uTTrEeR, puB- 
LISH, PROPOSE : 1, émitto, 3: ef. son- 
itum ex alto em., Lucr. 4, 696: vocem 
coelo em., Liv. 5, 51: @ witty saying p. 
forth, facetum dictum em., Cic. de Or. 
2, 54, 219: to p. forth arguments, argu- 
menta em., ib. 2, 53, 214. to p. forth 
(= publish) a book of games, librum 
de arte aleam ludendi os Suet. oS 33. 

2. propono, 3 (= publish): cf. Prop. 
Bi Zee Ce puer et citus haec aliqua 
propone columna: Cic. Mur. 11, edis- 
cendos fastos populo prop.: id. Agr. 2, 
5, legem in publicum prop.: also said of 
a saying or question: another parable 


. 


« 
-—s 


: 
4 
: 
a 
« 
7 











Put, No. 3. 


PUT FORWARD 


p. he forth to them, aliam parabolam 
proposuit illis, Vulg. Matt. xiii. 24° (dico 
is also used in this sense): propono with 
in medio. rem in medio prop, Cic. Verr. 
2, 1, 11- (also, rem in medium proterre, 
id. Fam, 15, 2: vocare, id. Cluent. 28). 

3. prodiico, 2: cf. Cic. Rosc. Com. 
10, nihil ab hoc pravum et perversum 
produci posse arbitrabantur. 4, to 
ulter a cry, vocem dare: cf. Vulg. 
Prov. viii 1, numquid non sapientia 
clamitat, et prudentia dat vocem suam 
(p. forth her voice) ? 5, édo, 3: v. 
TO PUBLISH. 6, édico, 3: v. TO PRO- 
CLAM. IV. Yo send forth (shoots, 
etc.): 1, mitto, 3: voots, radices m., 
Col. 3, 18; leaves, folium m., Plin. 18, 
1 10 §5: comp. Gmitto: folia em., 
id. 18, 20, 49: blossoms, flores m., 1d. 24, 
9, 38: the pass. is used for intr, of the 
same sense: ulmi emittuntur in ramos, 
id. 19, 12, 18: submitto (to send up): 
ef. s. tellus flores, Lucr. 1, 8: pabula 
tellus pascendis s. equis, Lucan 4, 411: 
s. humus formosa colores, Prop. 1, 2, 9. 

2. gigno, géniii. génitum, 3: what- 
ever the earth p.s forth, omnia quae terra 
gignat, Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4: Vv. TO BEAR, TO 
PRODUCE. 3. prodiico (post-class. in 
this sense): cf. Vulg. Luc. xxi. 30, (of 
trees) cum producunt jam ex se fructum 
(the parallels, Matt. xxiv. 32, Mare. xiii. 
28, have the intr. nascor: v. TO SPRING 
FORTH). 

put forward: {, Jo put in the 
forefront: praepono, 3: cf. Ov. Trist. 
1, 7, 34, Hos quoque sex versus, in prima 
fronte libelli Si praeponendos esse puta- 
bis, babe. IJ. Hence, to put forward 
(in public): 1, prodiico, 3: he p. for- 
ward Roman Ienights on the stage to act 
a pantomime, equites R. ad ageudum 
mimum produxit in scenam, Suet. Ner. 4. 

9. Stronger, trido, si, sum, 3 (as 
a candidate), cf. in quae (comitia), om- 
nibus invitis, trudit noster Magnus Auli 
filium, Cic. Att. 1, 16. 3, propello, 
puli, pulsum, 3: with obj.a person; the 
Jews p.ing him forward, propellentibus 
eum Judaeis, Vulg. Act. xix. 33: obj.a 
thing: to p. forward one's crude work 
before the public, cruda studia in forum 
prop., Petr. 4. 4, Still stronger, os- 
tento, 1 (to p. forward prominently): 
ef. Caes. B. G. 5, 41, AmbDiorigem osten- 
tant fidei faciendae causa. I ig. (make 
a display of, as, “p. their best quali- 
ties forward,” Swift), esp. reflect.: why 
should '! p. myself forward, quid me 
ostentem? Cic. Fam. 1,4. Join: prae 
me fero et ostento: he p.s himself for- 
ward before all the rest, caeteris prae 
se fert et ostentat, id. Att. 2, 23. Also, 
for refl. sense, to p. oneself forward, 
in medium venire, procedere: v. TO 
COME FORWARD. Also praeféro, tili, 
latum, 3: as a pretence, modestiam 
praeferre et lascivia uti, Tac. A. 13, 45. 
Ul. Zo p. forward a proof, ex- 
ample, or claim : 1, allégo, 1: ex- 
emplum, Plin. Ep. 3, 15: merita, Suet. 
Aug. 47: you thought this ought to be 
p. forward to the senate, hoc senatui 
allegandum putasti, Plin. Pan. jo. 2, 
oppono, 3. V. TO ALLEGE. 8. ostendo, 
di, sum and tum, 3: cf. magnifica et 
praeclara ejus defensio ostenditur, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 1. 4, pono, with in medio: 
cf. ponam in medio sententias philoso- 
phorum, Cic. N. D. 1, 6. IV. To p. 
forward a plea, defence, or excuse : 
1, afféro, attili, allatum, afferre, 3 
(usu. with causam or rationes): cf. 
quam causam afferam? ‘ler. Heaut. 
2, 3, 23: justas causas affers, Cic. Att. 11, 
15. 2. praetendo, di, tum, 3 (whence 
: ef. Tac. A. 3, 59, fessam 
aetatem et actos iabores praet. (p/ead). 
3. obtendo, ? cf. id. ib. 35, vale- 
tudinem corporis obt.: v. TO PLEAD. 

— from (obs = put out of): Bicio: 
extrudo etc. v. TO PUT OUT. 

— in, into: 1, pono, 3: with 
acc. of thing, the place expr. by in with 
abl. or acc. or pronom. adv.. v. supi. TO 
2. impodno, 3. with ace. 
of thing, the place expr by acc. with 
‘n very rarely with in and abl.: to p. 


PUT IN, INTO 


one’s foot in the water, pedem imp. in 
undam, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 4: to p. the 
windows, duors, into a house, fenestras, 
ostia, in aedes imp., Julian. Dig. 6, 19. 

3. interpono, 3 : to p. in (a remark 
or word): Vv. TO INTERPOSE. 4. im- 
mitto, 3 (with the idea of force) : cf. cor- 
pus im. in undas, Ov. H. 2, 133 = haec 
(tigna) quum machinationibus immissa 
in flumen defixerat (p. them in and 
fized them there), Caes. B. G. 4, 17. 
Fig.: he hath p. into my mouth a new 
song, immisit in 0s meum canticum no- 
vum, Vulg. Ps. xxxix. 4 (xl. 3). Mitto 
simply is used in the Vulg.: put thine 








hand into thy bosom, mitte manum tuam | 


in sinum tuum, Ex. iv.6: I have done 
nothing that they should p. me into the 
dungeom, innocens in lacum missus sum, 
Gen. xl. 15: cf. 3 Reg. xxii. 27, mittite 
virum istum in carcerem: cf. id. Joh. 
Vv. 73 Xx. 25: Jacob. iii. 3, equis frena 
in ora mittimus. Both verbs used in 
Matt. ix. 16, 17: immitto, to let in a 
piece (commissuram panni rudis in ves- 
timentum novum; mitto, to pour in, 
vinum in utres). 5, démitto, 3: to 
p. money into a purse, numum in locu- 
los, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 175: to p. a black ball 
into the ballot-box, calculum atrum in 
urnam dem., Ov. M. 15,44. 6, dimitto, 
3 (suffer to go into, post-class.): if a 
man shall put in his beast, etc., si dimi- 
serit quispiam jumentum suum, ut de- 
pascatur aliena, Vulg. Ex. xxii. 5: p. 
me into one of the priests’ offices, dimitte 
me ad unam partem sacerdotalem, id. 
1 Reg. ii. 36. 7, inséro, sérii, sertum, 
3: with in and acc., to p. one’s neck into 
@ noose, collum in laqueum ins., Cic. 
Verr. 4, 17, 37: to p. one’s head into a 
tent, caput in tentoria ins., Liv. 8, 36: 
with dat. and in, cf. meretrici manum in 
sinum ins., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 2: dat. only, 
contiones directas operi suo ins., Just. 
38, 3: historiae jocos, Ov. I'r. 2, 444: v. 
TO INSERT. Absol., you're putting in 
all the world (into the boat), trecentos 
inseris, Hor. S. 1, 5, 12. 8, inséro, 
sévi, situm, 3, to p. in a seed, plant, 
graft: if the corn is not p. in (sc. the 
ground), si frumentum non inseritur, 
Col. 5, 9, 3: cf. TO GRAFT; TO PLANT; 
TOSOW3; TOINSERT. Fig. with dat. ; 
animos corporibus ins. (= unite), Cic. 
Tim. 12: v. TO IMPLANT. 9, inféro, 
tili, latum, 3: with dat. cf. semina 
arvis inf., Tac. A. 11, 54: spolia opima 
templo inf., Liv. 4, 20: with in and acc., 
to p. (or throw) a thing into the fire, 
aliquid in ignem inf., Caes. B. G. 6, 19: 
ta p. in a thrust (said of a fencer), 
ictum inf. (dat. of pers. if expr.), like 
vulnus inf.: cf. TO PUSH; TO THRUST; 
and the substs.: to p. a foot in, pedem 
inf., v. TO SET (foot in): to p. a body 
into a tomb ; cf. reliquias ejus majorum 
tumulis inferri jussit, Just. 11, 15: cf. 
ne quis sepulera deleat, neve alienum 
inferat (nor p. in a stranger to the 
Jamily), Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 64: to p. (an 
item) into accounts (bring or carry to 
account), aliquid rationibus inf., Col. 1, 
1,7: in rationes, Julian. Dig. 34, 3, 12: 
absol., to p. in (= render) false accounts, 
rationes inf., Cic. FL. 9, 20. 

To put in (a ship to land or 
port): 1, appello, pili, pulsum, 3: 
p. in here, buc appelle, Hor. S. 1, 5, 12: 
they p. im to the island, ad insulam 
appulerunt, Liv. 37, 21: v. TO LAND. 

2. applico, avi, and ui, 1 (navem or 
-es, with ad of the place): cf. ad Heraeum 
naves applicuit, Liv. 33, 17: ad terram, 
Auct. Bell. Hisp. 37, fim. Pass. as intr.: 
cf, applicatis nostris ad terram navibus, 
Caes. B. C. 3, tor: Ceae telluris ad oras 
applicor, Ov. M. 3, 598: with in, cf. ap- 
plicor in terras, id. H. 16, 126: with 
adv., Poet. quo accedam? quo applicam, 
Enn. in Cie. Tuse. 3, 19 8, to p. into 
port: portum petere, Cic. Planc. 39: p. 
capere, Caes. B. G. 4, 36; p. tenere, Cic. 
Fam. 1,9: p. occupare, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32: 
ef. fortiter occupa portum, id. Od. 1, 14, 2. 

Phrr. with put followed by in: 
(i.) to p. in danger or pertl, in peri- 
culum afferre, vocare, periculum con- 


PUT OFF 


flare alicui, intendere alicui or in ali- 
quem: periclitér, I V TO ENDANGER, 
TO RISK. they p. their lives in jeo- 
pardy to bring me water, in periculo ari- 
marum suarum attulerunt mibi aquam, 
Vulg. 1 Parulip. xi. 1g. (ii.) to p. one 
tn doubt (Milton), dubium facere- cf 
Cic. Manil. 10, quae res est, quae cujus- 
quam animum in hac causa dubiuom 
facere possit? to be p. in doubt, sibi 
dubitationem dari, Caes. B. G. 1, 14. 
(iii.) to p. in a fright, terréo, 2, ete. : 
V. TO FRIGHTEN; TO TEKKIFY. (iv.) to 
p. in mind, monéo, adm., comm., 2 
Vv. TO REMIND. (V.) to p. in a pas- 
sion, iratum facere, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 
228. (vi.) to p. in array, instriio, 3; 
stato, constitiio, 3: Vv. TO DRAW UP: 
p. yourselves in array against Balyylon, 
praeparamini vos contra B., Vulg. Jer 
L 14. (vii) to p. in order, ordino, 1: 
agmina, Hor. Ep. 17, 9; aciem, Just. 
II, 9; partes orationis, Cic. Inv. 1, 14; 
provinciam inquietam, Suet. Galb. 7: 
res in ordinem redigére, Auct. Her, 3, 
9; in ordinem addicére, Cic. Tim. 3, 
also expédio, 4: v. TO AKRANGE: TO SET 
(IN ORDER): (viil.) to p. in practice, v. 
TO PRACTISE. (ix.) to put in the way 
(of doing a thing. of learning, etc.), 
e.g. “experience puts us in the way” 
(Dryden), cf. Cels. praef. med., ad cu- 
randi rationem nihil plus confert quam 
experientia. (x.) to. p. in writing, 
perscribo, 3: orationem, Cic. Fam. 5, 
4: cf. Sall. Jug. 30, decere existimavi, 
unam ex tam miultis orationem per- 
scribere: also, praescribo; testamentum 
literis, Paul. Dig. 29, 1, 40. Plr.: to 
make a proclamation, and p. tt also in 
writing, praedicari etiam per scriptn- 
ram, Vulg. 1 Paralip. xxxvi. 22. (xi.) 
to p. one’s life in one's hand; cf. 
Vulg. Job xiii. 14, animam meam porto 
in muanibus meis (cf. To PuT, No, 3). 
Phrr.: with put foll. by into: (xil.) p. 
into the hands of: (1.) = entrust lo, do, 
1: with in manum, ef. Ter. Audr. 1, 5, 62, 
hance mihi in manum date: and alone; to 
p. a letter into the hands of (the bearer, 
i.e. to send it by him), literas alicui 
dare, Cic. Att. 5, 15, fin.: to p.a 
matter into any one’s hands, rem or 
negotium alicui dare or dedere: cf. 
dat hospiti suo negotium, Cic. Verr. 4, 
45. 99: also mando, I: crédo, 3: com- 
mitto, 3: permitto, 3: dépono, 3: v. TO 
DELIVER, TO ENTRUST, TO GIVE and GIVE 
OVER: (cf. TO PUT UNDER). (2.)=—give 
up to and reflect.: trado, 3: dédo, 3: 
prodo, 3: v. TO GIVE UP, TO SURKENDER, 
TO BETRAY. (xiii.) to p. into the num- 
ber of (reckon as): pono, 3 (¥. TO PUT, 
No. 3): diico, 3: to p. into the number of 
his enemies (Pope), in numero bostium 
ducere, Cic. Verr. 5, 25, jin.: cf. Sall. J. 
14, aliquem loco affinium d. (xiv.)  p. 
in or into the place of : subdo: sub- 
jicio: suppono; substituo: v. TO SUB- 
STITUTE: to p. into a place belonging 
to another, cf. Masinissam in Syphacis 
regnum imp., Liv. 37, 25: V. INSTEAD: 
(xv.) To p. one into a suspicion (=p. 
the suspicion into one’s mind), dare 
suspicioni locum, Cic. Coel. 4: (cf. 
of doubt, dare locum dubitationi, id. 
Balb. 6). 

put off: |, Lit. (opp. to puT on), 
especially of dress. 1. pono, 3- fo p. 
off one’s shirt, tunicam p., Cic. Tuse. 5, 
20, 60: cf. Juv. 6, 477 (of the slaves of a 
capricious lady), periit libraria, ponunt 
Cosmetae tunicas. Constr. with de of the 
person: to p. off clothes (poet.), cf. Ov. M. 
4, 345, Mollia de tenero velamina cor- 
pore ponit: or abl. only. cf. nunquam 
humeris positurus arcum, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 
60. Compound, depdno, 3- with abl. of 
that whence put off. to put off the loads 
from the beasts, onera jumentis dep., 
Caes. B. C. 1, 80. cf. TO TAKE OFF. 
to p. off armour, arma dep. humeris, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 707: cf. Vulg. 1 Reg. 
xvii. 39, et (David) deposuit ea (Saul’s 
armour): to p. off shoes, dep. soleas, 
Mart. 3, 50, but cf. No. 4: depono used 
in connection with nidor, t; Vulg. 
2 Esdr. iv. 23. non TE aoe vesti- 





PUT OFF 


PUT OFF 


PUT On 





menta nostra; unusquisque tantum nu- 
dabatur ad baptismum. (Expr. by subst. 
in 2 Pet. i. 14: certus, quod velox est 
depositio tabernaculi mei, J must shortly 
p.off). Fig.: (1) =p. away, get rid of : 
to p. off grief and mourning, moerorem 
et luctum, Cic. Phil. 14, 13: cf. Vulg. 
Eph. iv. 22, deponere vos veterem ho- 
minem, opp. to induite novum hominem 
(the paral. in Col. iii. 9 has exspoliantes, 
stripping off ): (2) v. TO LAY DOWN, TO 
RESIGN. Q, abjicio, 3: astronger term: 
Vv. TO CAST OFF, TO THROW OFF. a 
exio, tli, itum, 3: (said of dress, etc., 
closely fitting, or fastened on), with acc. 
of thing, abl. of person, etc.: to p. off the 
quiver from the shoulder, pharetram 
humero ex., Ov. M. 2, 419: alas ex. 
(= to lay aside), Virg. Aen. 1, 690: 
of an animal changing its skin, serpens 
exuit in spinis vestem, Lucr. 4, 59. 
Fig.: exuere jugum (to shake off), Liv. 
35, 37: ex. humanitatem (to lay aside), 
Cic. Lig. 5, 14° feritatem ex., Ov. F. 3, 
281: silvestrem animum, Virg. G. 2, 51: 
mores antiquos, Liv. 27, 8: for constr. 
with ace. of person, and abl. of thing: v. 
TO STRIP. 4, solvo, vi, itum, 3 (= tu 
untie): p. off thy shoes from off thy feet, 
solve calceamentum de pedibus tuis, 
Vulg. Ex. iii. 5. 5, démévéo, 2: fig. : 
to p. off from himself all suspicion of 
the crime, ut ab se sceleris istius sus- 
picio demoveretur, Cic. Verr. 4, 45, 100. 

Il. To defer, procrastinate : ik 
compas. of féro: (1) différo, distuli, dif- 
ferre, dilatum (to separate by a space of 
time): (a) indefinitely : obj. of the time; 
tempus diff., Cic. Phil. 8. 8, 23: and pass. 
venit tempus tam mature ut differri jam 
hora non possit, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: I thinle 
the day may be p. off, puto posse diem 
differri, id. Att. 13, 37: to p. off from 
day to day, diem de die diff., Liv. 25, 25: 
obj. of the thing; this Icannot p. off, 
hoc non queo diff., Cic. Q. F. 2, 8: he 
proposed to p. off the subject, rem dis- 
tulit, id. Div. 10, 16: to p. off a journey 
for the present, iter in praesentia diff., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 85. Poet.: anger p. off 
thirst, distulit ira sitim, Ov. M. 6, 366: 
obj. an inf.; quaerere distuli, Hor. Od. 
4, 4, 21: a subj. clause with quin ; nihil 
dilaturi, quin periculum summae rerum 
facerent (fearing to p. it off till, or lest), 
Liv. 6, 22. fin.: with in and acc. of time; 
to p. off to another time. in aliud tempus 
diff., Cic. Brut. 87: to a future time, in 
posterum diff., id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, 81: (b) 
definitely to p. off a thing to the next 
day, aliquid in posterum diem diff., id. 
Deiot. 7, 21: cf. Liv. 32, 35, dilato in 
posterum diem colloquio: let us p. off 
(or reserve) the rest till to-morrow, 
reliqua differamus in crastinum, Cic. Rep. 
2, 44 Jin.: till your arrival, in adven- 
tum tuum, id. Fam. 2, 3, ad fin.: fora 
year, in annum, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 39: he 
neglected to keep the day named in the 
edict, and p. it off till Nov. 28, diem 
edicti obire neglexit: in a. d. IV. Kal. 
Dec. distulit, Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 20: rarely 
with ad of time: cf. id. Vat. 11, fin 
(fig.), te id, quod promulgasses miseri- 
cordiae nomine, ad crudelitatis tempus 
distulisse. With obj. of person (simply 
of time: for fig. sense, see No. III.): if 
you p. me off till another time, sin 
autem differs me in aliud tempus, id. 
Fam. 5, 12: (the professor) refused to 
admit (Tiberius) to a lecture out of the 
course, and told his servant to p. him off 
till the Saturday, Diogenes Gramma- 
ticus, disputare sabbatis Rhodi solitus, 
venientem eum ut se extra ordin-m 
audiret, non admiserat, ac per servulum 
suum in septimum diem distulerat, 
Suet. Vib. 32: rarely with ad: the am- 
bassadors, who had been p. off til! the 
new year, legati, qui ad novos magi- 
stratus dilati erant, Liv. 41, 8. (Note: 
the other compds. of fero are almost 
always used definitely.) (2) proféro, 3 
(tocarry forvard) : constr. absol. cf. auc- 
tionis diem laxius prof., Cic. Att. 13, 14: 
with in; cf. aliquid in diem posterum 
prof., Gell. 1, 23: with acc. of duration ; 
cf. rem Ear dies prof., Cat. in Gell. 








7, 3. (3) conféro, 3 (to reserve for), 
rare: constr. with in and acc. : cf. omnia 
in mensem Martium conf., Cic. Att. 6, 1: 
in posterum diem iter suuna contulit, 
Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 13. (4) trausféro, 
3 (to carry over to another time), rare: 
constr. with in and acc.: cf. causa haec 
integra in proximum annum trats- 
feretur, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 9: reflect. 
cf. subito reliquit annum suum, seseque 
in proximum annum transtulit (p. off 
his candidature), Cic. Mil. 9, 24. DA 
compds. of trido. di, sum, 3; stronger 
sense: (1) detrido (to push down): cf. 
comitia in mensem Martium detr., Cic. 
Q. Fr. 2, 13: comitia in adventum 
Caesaris detr, id. Att. 4, 17. (2) pro- 
trido, 3: comitia in Januarium mensem 
protr., id. Fam. 10, 26, fin. 83, diico, 
xi, ctum, 3, and prodico: with obj. of 
thing, always TO PROLONG, TO CARRY ON: 
with obj. of time (the thing understood): 
the Haedui p. off (the matter) day after 
day, diem ex die ducere Haedui, Caes. 
B.G. 1, 16: with obj. of person (passing 
into sense III.), when he saw that they 
were only putting him off, ubi se diutius 
duci intellexit, ib. (2) prodiico (to carry 
forward): cf. dies producta est in III. 
id. Febr., Cic. Q. F. 2, 3- 4, traho, xi, 
ctum, 3, and compds. (gen. TO PRO- 
LONG): to p. off purposely to the last 
moment, rem de industria in serum tr., 
Liv. 32, 35: with obj. of person (passing 
into sense III.): cf. legati querentes, 
trahi se a Caesare, ad quem missi forent, 
Suet. Tib. 31. (2) extraho: indef.: the 
case is by our opponents p. off on all 
sorts of pretexts, res ab adversariis 
nostris extracta est variis calumniis, 
Cic. Fam. 4, 1: to p, off the battle till 
the morrow, puguam in posterum extr., 
Tac. A. 4, 13: to p. off from day to day, 
diem de die extr., Sen. Ben. 2, 5, jin. 
(3) protraho (cf.to proTRaAcT). Join: 
stipendia militum, etc., protrahi ac dif- 
ferri (was p. off and delayed), Suet. Ner. 
32: 5, Other verbs compd. with pro: 
(1) prodo, 3 (to p. forward): Cat. ap. 
Fest. p. 242, ed. Miiller: I think I shall 
prevail on him at least to p. off the 
marriage a few days, credo impetrabo, 
ut aliquot saltem nuptiis prodat dies, 
Ter. Andr. 2,1, 13. (2) prolato, 1 (freq. 
of proféro): to p. off from day to day, 
diem ex die prol., Tac. A. 6, 42: esp. in 
gerundive: by putting off the conferences, 
prolatandis consultationibus, Sall. J. 27. 
Join: dubitando et dies prolatando, id. 
C. 43. Join: id (malum) opprimi sus- 
tentando ac prolatando nullo pacto potest, 
Cic Cat. 4, 3,,fin. (3) promGveo, 2: in 
so far as I p. off my master’s marriage, 
quantum huic promoveo nuptias, Ter. 
Andr. 4, 2, 28. (4) prorégo, 1 (to extend 
thetime) : absol. to p. off theday for pay- 
ment, dies ad solvendum, Cic. Phil. 2, 
29: who p.s off the time for amending 
his life, qui recte vivendi prorogat 
horam, Hor. Ep. 1 2, 41: with in and 
acc., to p. off the soldier’s hope to a future. 
day, spem miiiti in alinm diem pror., 
Pl. Aul. 3, 5,57. (5) procrastino, 1 (lit. 
p. off till the morroiw) : with obj. of thing. 
Join: rem differre quotidie ac procras- 
tinare, Cic. Rose. Am. 9, ad fin.: pass., 
cf. res non procrastinatur, id. Verr. 4, 45, 
100: V. TO PROCRASTINATE. 6, réjicio, 
3 (to throw over to another time) : obj. of 
thing: the leqations were p. off from the 
ist to the 13th of February, a Kal. Febr. 
legationes in Idus Febr. rejiciebantur, 
Cic. Q. F. 2, 3: obj. of person: all at 
once you p. us off till July, repente abs 
te in mensem Quinctilem rejecti sumus, 
id. Att. 1, 4. 7, réservo, 1 (to keep 
back for another occasion), rare in the 
sense of p. off: v. TO KEEP, TO RESERVE. 

8, sustinéo, 2 (to hold in suspense) : 
indef.; to p. off war by counsel, bellum 
consilio sus., Liv. 3, 60: def. with ad 
and acc.: to p. off the assault till night, 
oppugnationem ad noctem sus., Caes. 
B. G. 5, 17. Also freq. sustento, 1 (to 
keep in suspense). Join: sustentando 
ac prolatando, v. sup. No. 5: with ad 
and ace. ; aediticationem Arcani ad tuum 
adventum sustentari placebat, Cic. Q. F. 








2,7: with dum and subj.; p. off the 
matter till Nero’s arrival, sustentes rem, 
dum Nero veniat, id. Fam. 13, 64. s 
tardo, 1 (to deluy): to prevent, or at all 
events p. off, my starting, aut impedire 
prefectionem aut certe tardare, Cic. Fam. 
7, 5: aud comp. rétardo, with obj. of 
person ; fortasse literae meae te retard- 
arunt (as we say to p. off an expected 
comer), Cic. Att. 13, 36. 10, In the 
intrans, sense; cunctor, I, dep. : moror, 
I, dep.: méram interpOno- v. TO DELAY: 
also Vv. TO DEFER, TO POSTPONE, TO RE- 
SERVE. ||| Hence, with obj. of person, 
to amuse with pretences, deceive, delude: 
1. differo, 3: cf. Liv. 7, 14, differri 
non posse adeo concitatos animos (= 
appease): to p. one off vith all sorts of 
deceptions, aliquem variis frustrationibus 
diff., Just. 9, 6, fin.: cf. Liv. 25, 25, 
dilatus per frustrationem: to p. off @ 
suitor, aliquem petentem diff., Suet 
Vesp.23. 2, diico, 3: v. sup. 11. No.3: 
and prodico, 3: to p. one off ith de- 
ceitful hope, aliquem falsa spe prod., 
Ter. And. 4, 1, 24: to p. off (e. g. a cre- 
ditor) by proposing terms, aliquem con- 
ditionibus prod., Cic Quinct. 8, 30: v. TO 
DRAW ON; TO LEAD ON. 3. traho, 3: 
v. sup. Il. No. 4: and extraho, 3. 
Join: eludi atque extrahi se multi- 
tudo putare (they were being played 
with and p. off), Liv. 2,23. |W. Mer- 
cantile sense, to get rid of by selling: 
extriido, 3: cf. Hor. Ep. 2,2, 11 laudat 
venales, qui vult extrudere, merces. 
V. Intrans.: to p. off (to sea): 
solvo, 3 (to unmoor): with obj. of the 
ship, cable, or shore, and absol. Poet. : 
soly. phaselon, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 29: to p. 
off from the shore, solv. funem arena, 
Prop. 1, 8, 11: soly. oram, Quint. 4, 2, 
41: a terra solvere (naves), Caes. B. C. 
3, 101: from a place, e. g. Alexandria 
solv., Cic.: v. TO PUT TO SEA. Subst., a@ 
putting off : prolatio, f.: prdductio, f. 
puton: |. Lit. to place one thing 
on another : 1. impono, 3: constr. 
for the position, usu. dat., or in with 
acc. (rarely in with abl., where the idea 
of the place prevails over that of placing : 
as, these garlands shall be p. on our 
hearth for the Lar, haec imponentur in 
foco nostro Lari, Pl. Aul. 2, 8,16) the 
pack-saddle is p. on the ox, clitellae bovi 
sunt impositae (prov. for a burthen on 
the wrong shoulders), Cic. Att. 5, 15: 
(Lycaon) p. the joints on the table, 
(artus) imposuit mensis, Ov. M. 1, 230: 
they p. a crown of gold on the letter, 
coronam auream literis imponebant, Cic. 
Flace. 37, 76° he proposed to p. a dia- 
dem on his colleague's head, id egit ut 
collegae diadema imponeret, id. Phil. 3, 
5,12: youths p. on funeral pyres, etc., 
impositique rogis juvenes ante ora pa- 
rentum, Virg. G. 4, 477, and Aen. 6, 
308: same phrase with in and ace. ; in 
rogum imp., Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 85: ir 
ignem imposita ’st, Ter. And. 1, I, 102. 
With pronom. adv. : ct. Caes. B.G. 1, 42, 
omnibus equis Gallis equitibus detractis, 
eo (on them, i.e. the horses) legionarios 
milites imp. Esp., to p. on board a 
ship, usu. constr. with in naves: cf. le- 
giones equitesque Brundisii in naves 
impositi, id. B. C. 3, 14: adv. cf. depre- 
hensis navibus circiter L atque eo mili- 
tibus impositis, id. B. G. 7, 58: abl. 
(very rare): cf. vetustissima nave im- 
positi, id. in Suet. Caes. 66: absol. id. 
B. C. 3, 6: Cic. Div. 2, 40, 84: Vv. TO 
EMBARK. 2. superpono, 3 (rare) with 
dat.: an ornament p. on the head, 
superpositum capiti decus (7. e. the 
pileus), Liv. 1, 34. Also pono, foll. by 
super (freq. in late Lat.): to p. a stone 
on the mouth of the weil, (lapidem) super 
os putei p., Vulg. Gen. xxix. 3: top. one’s 
hand on (another’s) eyes (%.e. to close 
them at death), p. manus super oculos, 
id. ib. 46, 4: to p. (a sacrifice) on the 
wood, p. super ligna, id. 3 Reg. xviii. 
23 (imp. ib.): he p. the crown on him, 
posuit super eum diadema, id. 4 Reg. 
xi. 12: Vv. PUT UPON. 3. appono, 3: 
with dat., and ad, and absol. : p. the kettle 
on the fire, app. cucumam foco, Petron, 


PUT ON. 


POT, our 


PUT OVER 





S. 135: to p. jewels on the couches, gem- 
mas toris app., Ov. Her. 9, 60: esp. to 
p. food on the table, to serve up (with 
mensa rarely expressed, as Virg. Aen. 
4, 602, patriisque epulandum apponere 
mensis: al. leg. ponere: cibos in mensam 
alicui app., Pl. Men. 1, 3, 29): he was 
the first that p. a whole boar on his table 
at dinner, solidum aprum primus in 
epulis apposuit, Plin. 8, 51, 78: tu p. on 
a dish, patellam app., Cic. Verr. 4, 22: 
to p. anything on in a service of pottery, 
aliquid in vasis fictilibus app.. id. Att. 
6, 1, 10: pass. dinner is p. on the 
table, apposita est coena, Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 
: absol., appositum est ampliter, id. 

il. 3, 1, 160. Phr.. when the dessert 
was p. on, apposita secunda mensa, Cic. 
Att. 14, 6. 4, répono, 3, with super 
and abl.: putting logs in plenty on the 
ve, ligna super foco large reponens, 
or. Od. 1, 9, © (cf. subjiciens ligna, 
Vulg. Lev. vi. 12). 5, addo, didi, 
ditum, 3: to p. water on a fire, flammae 
aquam add., Tib. 2, 4, 42. 6, indiico, 
3: to p. on different sorts of feathers 
(in a picture), varias inducere plumas, 
Hor. A. P. 2: cf. colorem picturae ind., 
Plin. 35, 10, 36: v. TO LAY ON, TO SPREAD 
OVER. 7, inféro, tiili, latum, 3: with 
dat.: cf. manus alicui inf. (= lay hands 
on), Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 8: absol., to p. ona 
dish (= to serve up), lancem int., Plin. 
33, 11, 52: he ordered the dessert to be 
p. on, inferri secundam mensam jussit, 
id. 9, 35, 58. 8, subdo, 3, to p. on 
one thing (as an addition) to another :— 
versus subd., Gell. 18, 4: Vv. TO APPEND; 
TO SUBJOIN. ||, Hence, to impose bur- 
thens, esp. tribute and taxes: impono, 3, 
with dat. of the thing or person taxed: 
to p. a tax on produce, vectigal fructibus 
imp., Cic. Font. 5, 10: a poll-tax was p. 


on slaves and freemen, in capita singula | 


servorum ac liberorum tributum im- 
ponebatur, Caes. B.C. 3, 32: cf. TO IMPOSE, 
TO LAY ON. 
on another and on oneself : 1. indiio, 
ii, itum, 3, opp. to extio: (1) Trans. 
usu. with acc. of thing, dat. of person: 
when D. had p. the tunic on Hercules, 
cui quum Deianira tunicam induisset, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20: seizing her, he p.s on 
her the insignia of Bacchus, raptaeque 
insignia Bacchi Induit, Ov. M. 6, 598: 
sometimes with acc. of person and abl. 
of thing: they p. his own raiment on 
him, iuduerunt eum vestimentis ejus, 
Vulg. Matt. xxvii. 31: Mare. xv. 18: 
or, with thing understood, bring forth 
the best robe, and p. it on him, cito pro- 
ferte stolam primam, et induite illum, 
id. Luc. xv. 22. Note: Late writers 
use in this sense do with in and abl. or 
acc.: he p. his ring on his hand, dedit 
eum (annulum) in manu ejus, Vulg. 
Gen. xli. 42: cf. id. Luc. xv. 22, date 
annulum in manum ejus, et calceamenta 
in pedes ejus: also circumdo, with acc. 
of thing and dat. of person, or acc. cf 
person and abl. of thing: they p.on him 
a scarlet robe, chlamydem coccineam 
circumdederunt ei, id. Matt. xxvii. 28: 
veste purpurea circumdederunt eum, 
Job. xix. 2 (cf. Marc. xv. 17, induunt 
eum purpura). (2) Reflect. (= Lng. 
intrans.): with sibi: to p. on a@ chain, 
sibi torquem ind. Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73° or 
alone, as intrans.: to p.on a ring, annu- 
lum ind., id. Off. 3, 9, 38: @ helmet, 
galeam ind., Virg. Aen. 9, 366: esp. 
pass. as reflect. with acc. of thing: to p. 
on a garment, indui vestem, Ter. Eun. 
4 4, 40: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 393, Androgei 
galeam clipeique insigne decorum In- 
duitur (the abl., ib. 5,674, indutus galea, 
refers to the state, wearing, not the act 
of putting on): for the gerundive, cf. 
Caes. B, G. 2, 21, ut etians ad galeas ind, 
tempus defuerit (where Herzog insists 
on inducendas). 2. indiico, 3: with 
acc. of person and abl. of thing: cf. 
Stat. S. 8, 2, 67, humeros albenti amictu 
ind.: pass. as reflect. with pers. as sub- 
ject: tunicaque inducitur artus, Virg. 
Aen. 8, 457: with thing as obj. and pers. 
in dat., used in pass.: if his shoes were p. 
on wrong, the left for the right, si mane 


Ill. top. on dress, etc., both | 





sibi calceus perperam ac sinister pro 
dextero induceretur, Suet. Aug.92. 3. 
simo, sumpsi, sumptum, 3: cf. calceos 
et vestimenta sumere, esp. to assunuw @ 
formal or official dress: to p. on the 
toga pretexta, togam praetextam 8., Liv. 
8, 9: when he had p. on the dress of 
manhood, sumpta virili toga, Cic. Am. 
I, 1: the diadem, diadema s., Suet. Cal 
22: the royal robes, regium ornatum, 
Nep. Eum. sub jin. 4, accommdédo, 
I (to fit on), with dat. or ad and ace., 
and dat. of pers.: to p. a hood on one’s 
head, calauticam capiti acc., Cic. Frag. 
Or. in Clod. 5: cf. id. de Or. 2, 61, 250, 
coronam sibi ad caput acc.: to p. a 
shield on one’s back, clipeum ad dorsum 
ace., Pl. Trin. 3, 2, 93- 5, apto 1 
(fit on to): to p. a ring on the Jfinger, 
digito annulum apt., Suet. Tib. 73: he 
p-s (arms) on strong shoulders, humeris 
(baec) fortibus aptat, Virg. Aen. 9, 364. 
6, Expr. by particular verbs re- 
ferring to the parts of dress: e. g. while 
he p. on his shoes and cloak, dum cal- 
ceabat ipse sese et amiciebat, Suet. Vesp. 
21: for amicio, ui, ixi, ictum, 4, cf. To 
CLOTHE, TO WEAR, TO WRAP ABOUT. To 
p. on one’s hat, caput operire, Pl. Poen. 
3,4, 34: V. TO COVER: (the kings) having 
. on their robes, vestiti cultu regio, 
Vulg. 3 Reg. xxii. 10: v. TO CLOTHE. 
IV. Hence, to assume, invest cd 
with, any character or quality: . 
indiio, 3: (in sleep) you daily p. on the 
likeness of death, eam (imaginem mortis) 
quotidie induis, Cic. Tuse. 1, 38,92: @ 
man p.s off the character of the friend, 
when he p.s on that of the judge, ponit 
personam amici, cum induit judicis, id. 
Off. 3, 10, 43: to p. on the pretence of 
anything, alicujus simulation m ind., 
Liv. 1, 56: of moral qualities: p. on the 
new man, induite novum hominem, 
Vulg. Eph. iv. 24: cf. Col. iii. 10. 24 
sumo and assimo, 3: V. ADOPT, ASSUME. 
put out: |, Lit.: 1, exséro, 
ii, tum, 3: putting out his tongue in 
mockery, Gallus linguam ab irrisu ex- 
serens, Liv. 7, 10: cf. linguam per os, 
Plin. 9, 24: constr. with acc. and abl., 
to p. out his arms and fierce face from 
the waves, aquis cum torvo brachia 
vultu exs., Ov. M. 2, 271: also with 
ab: to p. out his head from the ocean, 
caput ab oceano exs., Lucan 5, 598. | 
Q. éjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: to p. out 

the tongue, linguam ej., Cic. de Or. 2, | 
66, 266: cf. TO THRUST OUT, TO PUT 
FORTH, TO STRETCH OUT. 3. proféro, 
tuli, latum, 3: to p. out the tongue in 
coughing, linguam in tussiendo prof., Pl. 
As. 4, 1, 50: the finger, digitum, Cic. 
Caecin. 25; the hand, manum, Pl. Pseud. 
3, 2,72: ef. Vulg. Gen. xxxviii. 28: to p. | 
out strength, V. TO EXEBT. Il. Hence | 
to p. out (of its place) a joint: ejicio, 
extorqueo, luxo: V. TODISLOCATE. [I], 
Esp. to turn out (of a house, room, etc.) ; | 
1, ejicio: with abi. alone, or with a, 

ex, or de (the latter in the sense of re- 
moval from rank, ete.) : ef, TO TURN OUT: 
to p. out of doors, aedibus foras ej., Pl. As. 





| Deut. xxv. 6: 





I, 2,13 out of the house, domo ej., id. ib. 
I, 3,9. -Absol., when he had p. them all 
out, ejectis omnibus, Vulg. Mare. v. 40 
(cf. Joh. ix. 34): to p. out of the senate, 
e. senatu, Cic. de Sen. 12, ad fin.: de 
senatu, Liv. 40,51. 2, expello, 3: v. To 
DRIVE OUT, TO EXPEL. Joiu: expulsus 
atque ejectus e praedio, Cic. Quinct. 7, 
28, the simple v. pello with e€ medio, 
Enn. in Cic. Mur. 14; Cic. Off. 3, 8. 
3, extriido, si, sum, 3: with aedi- 
bus, ex aedibus, foras: v. TO TURN OUT, 
TO DRIVE ouT. 4, protriido, 3: to be p. 
out of doors, protrudi penatibus, Amm. 
29, I. 5, In the specific sense of put- 
ting out of an office post of government, 
etc. : mivéo, MOvi, MOtum, 2, and comps., 
Ambdvéo, démdvéo, rémbvéo, submbvéo ; 
also, Abdléo, 2, abrdgo, 1, and expello, 3: 
V. TO DEGRADE, TO DEPOSE, TO REMOVE, | 
TO SUPERSEDE. (N.B.—The Vulgate bas © 
for to put out of the synagogue, absque 
synagogis facere, Joh. xvi. 2; and pass. 
extra synagogam fieri, Joh. ix.22.)  |V. } 
In a stronger sense, equiv. to to destroy: | 


1, exstinguo, nxi, nctum, 3 (xt 
bad), to quench: to p. out a fire, ignem 
exst., Ov. F. 2, 712: incendium exst.., 
Cic. Fam. 4, 13: to p. out torches, faces 
exst., Plin. 2, 103, 106. (Phr.: the fire 
om the altar shall not be p. out, ignis in 
altari semper ardebit, Vulg. Lev. vi. 12): 
to p. out a light, lumen exst., cf. Luer. 
6, 792. nocturnumque recens exstinctum 
lumen: Fig.: of eminent persons, cf. 
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, med., quasi lumen ali- 
quid, exstinctis ceteris, elucere sancti- 
tatem tuam: of a state, cf. Vulg. Ezech. 
Xxxli. 7 and 8: to p. out the name of 
Rome, Pi. Ri. nomen exstinguere, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 4, 7: cf. TO QUENCH, TO EXTIN- 
GUISH. Hence subs. extinctus, fis, m. 
(the putting out): cf. odor a lucernarum 
exstinctu, Plin. 7, 7, 5. 2. restiuguo, 
3: to p. out a fire, incendium rest., Cic. 
Mur. 25, jin.: flammam, Hor. §. 1, 5, 
76: (fig. for the fire of love, Lucr. 4 
1083): (that) streams of blood p. out 
the rising flames, (ut) rivi sanguinis 
flammam orientem restinguerent, Liv. 
28, 33: with abl. of means: thy p. 
out the fire with water, ignem restin- 
guunt aqua, Pl. Cas. 4, 1, 16. Fig.: 
ef. Cic. Rep. 1, 1, oriens incendium belli 
sanguine suo rest.: id. Or. 8, 27, ani- 
morum incendia rest.. v. TO QUENCH: 

3. effédio, fodi, fossum, 3 (to tar 
or scratch out): to p. out the eyes (with 
dat. of person): cf. Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 14, 
Oculos ego istos effodiam tibi: id. Mil. 
2, 3, 44, juben’tibi oculos effodiri, qui- 
bus id quod nusquam est vides (do you 
want your eyes p. out, as, efc.?): Ter. 
Eun. 4, 6, 2, oculi illi ilico effodientur: 
he sends them home with their ears 
cropt or one eye p. out, auribus desectis 
aut singulis effussis oculis domum re- 
mittit, Caes. B. G. 4, 4, fin.: poet. (of 
Polyphemus), cf. Virg. G. 3, 663, Lumi- 
nis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem. 
Fig.: cf. Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91, hi duo illos 
oculos orae maritimae effuderunt: Vell. 
2, §2, effossum alterum Romani imperii 
lumen. 4, ériio, ii, itum, 3, in same 
sense: oculum er., Plin. 25, 8, 50: ocu- 
los er., Vulg. Num. xvi. 14: id. Judic. 
xvi. 21. 5, exciitio, cussi, cussum, 
3: cf. oculo excusso, Suet. Caes. 68: (of 
fire), poet., ignem de crinibus excutere, 
Ov. M.12,281. 6, déléo, évi, étum, 2: 
to blot out, esp. with nomen: cf. Vulg 
thou hast p. out their 
name for ever, nomen eorum delesti ir 
aeternum, id. Ps. ix. 5: cf. Liv. 9, 45 
nomen Aequorum prope ad interneci- 
onem deletum: to p. out of one’s mind 
(or head), ex animo del.: cf. Ver. Eun. 
2, 3, 5, deleo omnes dehinc ex anime 
mulieres. 7, tollo, with de medio, top 
out of the way (as euphem. for a mur: 
der): they show how easily such a man 
etc., could be p. out of the way, demou- 
strant . . . perfacile hunc hominem 
incautum et rusticum et Romae igno 
tum, de medio tolli posse, Cie. R. A 
9, 20. V. To p. out of one’s way o7 
course: confundo, 3: perturbo, 1: v 
TO CONFUSE, TO DISTURB, TO INTERRUPT 

VI. Tomake public: 1, Sdo,3: 2, 
promo, 3: Vv. TO PUBLISH. 3. &dico. 
3: V. TO PROCLAIM. 4, expodno, 3: v. 
TO EXPOSE,TO LAY OUT. Yj], To p.oud 
money at interest : pecunias alicui fenore 
dare; fenori occupare; in fenore ponere: 
Vv. INTEREST: or pono alone, Hor. Epod. 
2, 70: apud aliquem ponere, Cic. Vert. 
3, 70. VII. Intr. verb of motion: to 
p. out of port, solvére navem e portu, 
Pl. Bacch. 2, 3, 543; portu solv., Cic. 
Mur. 2, 4: naves ex portu educére, Caes, 
B. C. 1, 57; classem portu ed., Plin. 2, 
12,9 § 55: e portu proficisci, Caes. B. G. 
3, 14. ex portu prodire, id. B. C. 3,9 
(and exire). poet. portum linquére, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 23g: cf. TO PUT TO SEA. 

put over: |. Lit: in position: 

1, superimpono, 3: the yreat stone 
Forming the covering (of the vault) was 
p. over its mouth, saxum ingens, quo 
operitur, machina superimpositum est, 
Liv. 39, 50: also impono: cf. Aetnam 
impositam (p. over them), Hor. O¢ 3, 
4, 76. 2, superpono, 3: Pes p. the 

7 


POT Re 





marble statue of Pompey over the arch- 
way of Janus, P. statuam marmoream 
Jano superposuit, Suet. Aug. 31, jin. 
3. appono, 3 (to p. against so as to 
cover): p.ing his cloak over the wound, 
paenula ad vulnus apposita, Suet. Ner. 
49: cf. Ov. Trist. 3, 1, 39, Cur tamen 
apposita velatur janua lauro? I]. Zo 
p- (an army, etc.) over a river, etc.: tra- 
Jicio, 3; transmitto, 3: v. TO cRoss, 0 
p. a bridge over a river, pontem in fiu- 
mine facere, Caes. B. G. 1, 13; injicere 
pontem, Liv. 26,6; Tac. A. 15,19; flu- 
men ponte jungere, Liv. 21, 45; impo- 
nere pontem flumini, Curt. 5, 1; ponte 
flumen transmittere, Plin. Ep. 8, 85 
ponte flumen trajicere, Flor. 4, 12; p.ing 
bridges over the marsh, pontibus palude 
constrata, Hirt. B. G. 8, 14. Ill. 7 
p. over persons or affairs, in the way of 
authority or commission : 1. addo, 3: 
cf. Pl. Aul. 3, 6, ro, Argus, quem Joni 
Juno custodem addidit. 2. impono, 
3: ef. Cic. Att. 1, 18, consul est impo- 
situs nobis, etc. $. appono, 3: the 
tribune p. over him as a guard, tribuno 
custodiae apposito, Tac. A. 1, 6: ef. 
Suet. Aug. 48, rectorem app. 4. 
pono, 3: v. TO put, No. 3. 5, prae- 
ficio, 3: V. TO APPOINT; TO SET OVER. 
put to: |. Lit.: to apply to: 
1, appono, 3, with ad: p.ing one’s 
ear to the ice, apposita aure ad glaciem, 
Plin. 8, 28, 42: to p. the hands to the 
face, manus ad os app., Cic.: with dat., 
to p. a torch to the doors (to set fire to), 
candelam valvis app., Juv. 9, 98: in 
this sense also subdo, subjicio, suppono : 
v. TO SET (FIRE TO): and inféro, cf. 
Cic, Cat. 3, 9, 22. 2. applico, 1: v. 
TO PuT, No.9. 3, apto, 1: to p. arrows 
to the bow-strings, nervo sagittas apt., 
Virg. Aen. 10, 131. 4, impono, 3 (to 
p. the male to the female): asinum equae 
imp., Col. 36,4—Phr.: to p. the hand 
to anything: (1.) v. TO ToucH: tango, 
ef. Vulg. 1 Paralip. xiii. 10. (2.) v. To 
REACH OUT: manum porrigo, extendo. 
Fig.: to steal, man. ext. ad, Vulg. Ix. 
Xxli. Ir. (3.) v. TO SWEAR: manum 
jungere, Vulg. id. ib. xxiii. 1. (4.) top. 
their necks to the work, supponere colla 
sua in opere, id. 2 Esdr. iii. 5. (5.) to 
p- one’s name to, subscribo, etc.: Vv. SIGN, 
SUBSCRIBE. I]. Lhe comp. to put to 
(= to add) opp. to to take from: addo, 
35 appono, 3: Vv. TO ADD; TO PUT DOWN; 
TO RECKON. II]. Yo put to (horses, 
etc.) : jungo, nxi, nctum, 3, and comps. : 
cf. equos j., Virg. G. 3,114: equos curru 
j. id. Aen. 7, 724: reges ad currum j., 
Plin. 33, 3, 15. Comps. (1.) adjungo: 
ef. tauros aratro adj., Vib. 1, 10,7. (2.) 
subjungo: cf. curru subj. tigres, Virg. E. 
5, 29; juvencos plostro subj., Col. 6, 2, 
8; carpento suos equos subj., Plin. 11, 
49, 109: V. TO HARNESS; TOYOKE. VY, 
To drive or urge to any course (as 
“Thank him who puts me lothe to this 
revenge,” Milton: “ the avarice of their 
relations put them to painting,” Dryden) 
1, impello, 3, with in, ad, or ut and 
subj., etc.; V.TO IMPEL; TO FORCE; TO 
URGE. 2. addiico, 3: to be p. to the 
greatest straits, in summas angustias 
add., Cic. Quint. 5: in discrimen ex- 
tremum add., id. Phil. 6.7: ad ultimum 
discrimen add., Liv. 45,8: p. to (or up 
to) a crime, ad tantum facinus add., 
Cic. R. A. 31: Vv. TO BRING TO, INTO. 
V. To bring into any state: afficio, 
3, with abl. gen. term: to p. to death 
(=emecute), supplicio aff., Caes. B. G. 1, 
27: lo p. to inconvenience, incommodo 
aff., id. 1b. 7, 16: top. to grief or pain, 
dolore aff., Lucr. 3, 495: to p. to the tor- 
ture, cruciatu aff., Cic. Verr. 2, I, 4. 
Various Phrr.: (1.) to p. to death, to 
the sword: v. TO KILL; TO SLAY; TO 
MASSACRE; TO EXECUTE; TO PUNISH: 
esp. in the last sense, animadverto in: 
ef. Suet. Cal. 30, non temere in quen- 
quam, nisi crebris et minutis ictibus, 
animadverti passus est (any one to be p. 
to death): to p. to the sword. tricidare, 
ferro truc., trucidando occidére: v. TO 
SLAUGHTER: caedo, cécidi, caesum, 3: 
Caes.: cf. Lucerini ad internecionem 











PUT UNDER 





caesi sunt, Liv. 9, 26: “p. to the sword 
or to the halter” (Clarendon), *ferro aut 
laqueo necati: to p. to the cudgel (Hudi- 
bras), fuste (or-ibus) caedére, mulctare, 
tundére, verberare; v. CUDGEL. (2.) to 
p. to flight: fiigo, 1; impello, 3: v. 
FLIGHT, TO PUT TO, The Vulg. has per- 
sequi hostes, alienos, Lev. xxvi. 7: Deut. 
Xxxii. 30. (3.) to p. to rights : ordino, Tt: 
expédio, 4: v. TO PUT IN (order). (4.) to 
p. to shame: confundo, Vulg. Ps. xlili. 8 
(xliv. 7): v. TO SHAME: to be p. to shame: 
pudet: v. ASHAMED, TO BE. The Vulg. 
has confundor and revereor : J 0in: con- 
fundantur et revereantur simul (let them 
be, etc.), Ps. Xxxix. 15 (xl. 14): also dé- 
hoénesto, 1, Prov. xxv. 8: insulto, I, 
ib. x. (5.) to be p. to silence: conticesco, 
tictii, 3: cf. conscientia convictus repente 
conticuit, Cic. Cat. 3, 5: also mutum 
fieri, let the lying lips be p. to silence, 
muta fiant labia dolosa, Vulg. Ps. xxx. 
Ig (xxXxi. 18): and mutus alone: he 
was p. to silence, mutus illico, Ter. Eun. 
3, I, 27: cf. TO SILENCE; SILENT. (6.) 
to p. to work: adhibéo, ui, 2: with acc. 
of person; dat. of thing, Cic. (7.) to p. 
one’s hand to (a work): aggrédior, essus, 
3, dep.: with acc., to some great work, 
magnum quid aggr., Cic. Att. 2, 14: 
with ad, ef. aggreditur ad pacis opus, 
Liv. 1, 42: and adorior, ortus, 4, dep.: 
ef. hoe ipsum continuo adoriamur, Cic. : 
V. TO BEGIN; TO UNDERTAKE. (8.) to p. 
(it) to a person, as a question, appeal, 
etc.: pono: v. supr., TO PUT, No. 3, 
(9.) to p. to (to press hard), as, “ We'll 
p. the matter to the present push” 
(Shaksp.), insto, etc.: to be p. to it, in 
periculo, discrimine esse, agi, periclitari, 
etc.: v. PUSH. (10.) to p. to land: 1. 
appello, 3: 2. applico, I: V. TO BRING 
TO LAND: cf. TO PUT IN TO PORT. 

put to sea: 1, solvo, 3: with ace. 
of navis or classis (prop. to cast off moor- 
ings, to weigh anchor, to loose from) : 
subj. of the person: (Caesar) p. to sea a 
little past midnight, ipse paulo post me- 
diam noctem naves solvit, Caes. B. G. 4, 
36 (cf. ib. 23): with a and abl. of the land; 
ef. naves conscenderunt et a terra sol- 
verunt, id. B.C. 3, tor: abl. of the place; 
mercatores Alexandria solvisse, Cic. Off. 
3, 12, 50: also subj. of the ships; cf. 
naves xviii. ex superiore portu leni 
vento solverunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 28: pass. 
with navis as subj.; interea e portu 
nostra navis solvitur, Pl. Bac. 2, 3, 54. 

2. ediico, 3, navem, ete.: cf. To PuT 

OFF; TO PUT OUT (of port); TO WEIGH. 
Poet. solvere vela, Prop. 1, 17, 26. 
Phr., poet.: in altum vela dabant, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 34: Vulg. has the simple verb: 
duc in altum (p. out into deep water), 
Luc. v. 4: Vulg. also has navigo, Act. 
xiii. 13, xxi. 7: and tollo, Act. xxvii. 4, 
21: cf. TO LAUNCH; TO LOOSE; TO SAIL3 
TO WEIGH (anchor). 
together: colligo, 3: condo, 3: 
conféro, 3: compono, 3: Vv. TO COLLECT; 
TO GATHER: to p. together broken bones, 
condere ossa, Cels. 8, 23: v. TO SET: to 
p. together the rules of medicine, prae- 
cepta medendi cond., Plin. 26, 2, 6: v. 
TO COMPILE 3 TO COMPOSE. 
under: |. Lit.: 1, subdo, 
didi, ditum, 3: to p. props under the 
vines, furcas vitibus subd., Plin. 14, 2, 4, 
§ 32: to p. a dagger under one’s pillow, 
pugionem pulvino subd., Suet. Oth. 11: 
to p. a thing under the eyes, rem ocu- 
lorum visu subd., Luer. 5, 102. By. 
subjicio, jéci, jectum, 3, with dat., or 
sub with acc.: to p. eggs under hens, 
ova gallinis subj., Plin. 18, 26, 62: to p. 
things under the eyes, res sub oculos 
subj., Quint. 8, 6, 19; oculis, Cic. Or. 40, 
139; cf. Hor. A. P. 181, quae sunt oculis 
subjecta fidelibus. 3, suppono, 3, with 
dat.: we often p. ducks’ eggs under 
hens, anatum ova gallinis saepe sup- 
ponimus, Cic. N. D. 2, 48,124: to p. the 
necl: under a burthen, colla oneri supp., 
Ov. R. Am. 1971: to p. bulls under the 
yoke, tauros jugo supp.. id. M. 7, 118: 
to p. the olive under the press, olivam 
prelo supp., Col. 12, 49, 9: te p. (@ 
pillow) under the head, (pulvinum) 











PU DUE 
capiti supp., Vulg. Gen. xxviii. 11 and 18: 
to p. five under (wood), ignem supp., id. 
3 Reg. xviii. 23. (Note: these compds. 
are all used in this sense, v. TO SET FIRE 
To.) The Vulg. also uses pono with sub 
and abl. (unclassical): to p. a lamp under 
a bushel, candelam sub modio p., Matt, 
v.15. 4, submitto, 3: to p.a trellis 
under the vines, canterium vitibus 
subm., Col. 4, 14, 1: (for breeding) vac- 
cas tauris s. Pall. Jul. 4: equas alternis 
annis, id. Mart. 13, 6. 5, substerno, 
stravi, stratum, 3: to p. straw under 
the sheep, segetem ovibus subst., Cat. 
R. R. 37, 2: v. TO LAY UNDER, TO 
SPREAD UNDER. 6. substitiio, 3 (very 
rare in lit. sense): to p. stones under 
a plant, lapides plantae subst., Pall. 
Mart. 10, 22. Il. Zo make sub- 
ject to: 1, subjicio, 3, with dat.: 
men p. themselves under the rule and 
power of another, subjiciunt se homines 
imperio alterius et potestati, Cic. Off. 2, 
6, 22: ef. Vulg. 1 Cor. xv. 27: all things 
are p. under him, etc., omnia subjecta 
sunt, ei, sine dubio praeter eum qui sub- 
jecit ei omnia: (cf. subjecit sub pedibus 
ejus, ib. 26, fr. Ps. viii. 8 (6): and, donec 
ponet omnes inimicos sub pedibus ejus, 
ib. 25). 2. suppono, 3: Ihave p. my- 
self under you, me tibi supposui, Pers. 
5, 36: cf. TO SUBJECT; TO REDUCE; TO 
BRING UNDER. Ill. Zo arrange or 
classify under heads : subjicio, 3, with 
dat. or sub and acc. (esp. im pass.) : 
species p. under their genus, species 
quae sunt generi subjecta, Quint. 3, 6, 
57: under the head of fear are p.. etc., 
sub metum subjecta sunt pigritia, pudor, 
terror, Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16. 
put unto: v. TO PUT TO. 
—up: |. Lit.: 1, statto, etc: 
Q. érigo, 3: Vv. TO SET UP; TO ERECT. 
3, arrigo, exi, ectum, 3: to p. up the 
ears, aures arr., Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 6: v. To 
PRICK UP: the lion p.s up its mane, leo 
comas arrexit, Virg. Aen. 10, 726. il. 
In gen. sense of to rouse, to stir up, q. V- 
(i.) a person (to anger, etc.): also obj. of 
thing ; exciv, 4: excito, 1. (ii.) game, 
in hunting; excio, excito, exagito, 15 
exctitio, 3; feram cubili, latibulis, ete : 
cf. feras excitare, Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68: cer- 
vum nemorosis latibulis exc., Phaedr-. 2, 
8, 1: feras cubilibus excutere, Plin. Pan. 
81: v. TO START. (iii.) Co p. up @ person 
fo (a secret, a trick, etc.): indico, 1: ddcéo, 
2: Vv. TO HINT. Ill. Zo offer or expose 
to the public view: propono, 3: cf. Cic. 
Mur. 11, singulis diebus ediscendos fastos 
populo proposuit (like a placard): esp. te 
p. up a thing for sale, aliquid venale 
prop., Cic. Verr. 2, 2. 32: Suet. Ner. 16: 


or prop. alone: cf. Prop. 3, 23, 23: ipuer,: 


et citus haec aliqua propone columna. 

IV. Hence, of a person, to p. up, and 
p. up for (as a candidate): ambio, 4. 
péto and expéto, 3: exposco, 3: régo, I: 
oro, r: with munus, magistratum, etc., 
or absol. : v. TO CANVASS: to p, up to (a 
lady as a suitor), péto: v. TO COURT, 
TO Woo. V. To p. back, or p. away, 
anything into its place: 1, répono, 
v. TO REPLACE. 2. récondo, 3: to 
p. up a sword into tts sheath, cf. gla- 
dium cruentatum in vaginam recon- 
didit, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: also gladium 
cond., Quint. 8, praef. § 15: ensem 
cond., Hor.: Vulg. has converto, 3: p. 
up thy sword into his place, converte 
gladium tuum in locum suum, Matt. 
XXVi. 52: V. TO RETURN. Vi. To 
put up with (an affront, etc.) : nV 
féro, tili, latum. 3: alone with acc.: 
Twould not have p. up with this in my 
hot youth, non ego hoc ferrem calidus 
juventa Consule Planco, Hor. Od. 3, 14, 
27: who can p. up with this insult? 
quis hance contumeliam ferre potest? 
Cato in Gell. 10, 3: with de and abl. -: 
it is not yet known here how Caesar 
will p. up with the limitation of his 
command, (epist. past) nondum enim 
satis buc erat allatum quomodo Caesar 
ferret de auctoritate perscripta, Cic. Att 
5,2: top. up with anything in silence, 
tacitum (acc. of the thing) ferre, Cic, Att 
2, 3: Liv. 3, 453 from a person, ab: ch 





PUT UPON 








fd. 1, 50, ne id quidem ab Turno tulisse 
tacitum: with aequo animo, etc. . (that) 
he had p. up with this blow to his honour 
for the sake of his country, tamen hanc 
jacturam honoris sui reipublicae causa 
aequo animo tulisse, Caes. B. C. 1,9: he 
advises them the rather to p. up with the 
loss, since, etc., detrimentum aequiore 
animo ferendum docet, quod, id. B. G. 
5,52: cf. hoc moderatiore animo ferre, 
Cic. Fam. 6, 1. to p. up with a disap- 
pointment like a man, cf. sin aliter 
acciderit, humaniter feremus, Cic. Att. 
1,2: not to (or hardly to) p. up with, 
fero, with aegre, etc.: (that) he Found it 
hard to p. up with his defeat (as a candi- 
date), aegre tulisse repulsam consulatus, 
Cic. Tusc. 4,17, 40: [should hardly have 
p. up with it, animo iniquo tulissem, id. 
Att. 15, 26: graviter (hoc) ferre, id. Clu. 
6,16. Join: graviter et acerbe aliquid 
f., id. Verr. 1, 58, 152. Comp. perféro: 
to p. up with affronts and insults, in- 
dignitates contumeliasque p., Caes. B. C. 
2, 28. 2. accipio and récipio, 3, with 
aequo animo, and alone, to p. up with 
@ wrong, injuriam acc., Cic. Off. 1, 11: 
with ad se: cf. ler. Kun. 4, 7, 1, ut con- 
tumeliam tam insignem ad me acci- 
piam ! not to p. up with, graviter accip. 
aliquid, Cic. de Or. 2, §2, 211. ‘a 
facile pitior, passus, 3, dep.: I can p. 
up with a wrong, but not joined with 
an insult, patior facile injuriam, si est 
vacua a contumelia, Pac. in Nou. 430, 
16. 4, déviro, 1 (to swallow, gulp 
down, as an unpleasant dose): to p. up 
with trouble jor a short time, molestiam 
paucorum dierum dev., Cic. Phil. 6, 6, 
1}: to p. up with the folly and stupidity 
of men, hominum ineptias ac suultitias 
dev., id. Brut. 67,236. Phr.: (if you do 
so and so) I will not put up with tt, non 
feres ‘acitum, Cic. Att. 2, 3: Liv.: so, 
with auferre, Pl. As. 4, 2, 7. Note: 
with a personal object: morem gero : 
féro : v. TO BEAR WITH. Vil. Zo re- 
main, stay, lodge, at a place, or with a 
person: ], déverto, ti, sum, 3, to turn 
aside from the road. (1) Act. as neut. 
(se. obj. se, equum, currum, etc.): with 
ad of the person: (of two travellers) 
the one p. up at an inn (lit. with an 
innkeeper), the other with a friend, 
alterum ad cauponem devertisse, alterum 
ad hospitem, Cic. Div. 1, 27,57: in of the 
place, in viliam suam, id. Off. 2, 18, fin. : 
but ad villam suam, id. Mil. 19, 51: 
with in and ad; devertit Clodius ad se in 
Albanum (at his Alban villa: but lect. 
dub.), id. ib.: prop. n. without prep.: 
Massiliam, id. Phil. 13,6: Rhodum, Suet. 
Tib. 12: and so with domum, Cic. 
Deiot. 6,17. (2) Pass. as reflect. with abl. 
of the place ; si qui Cobiamacho (vico) 
deverterentur, Cic. Font. 5: with in and 
tc., to p.up at a friend's house (or loug- 
ings), in amici hospitium dev., Pl. Mil. 
3, I, 146: with adv.; huc in tabernam 
dey., id. Pseud. 2, 2,63: with intro; to 
. up indoors, intro domum dev., id. 
Stich. 4, 1,29 with ad of person and in 
of place ; recommend him to p. up with 
me in excellent lodgings (or, in my, etc.), 
hortamini ut devortatur ad me in hos- 
pitium optumum, id. Puen. 3, 4, 60: 
With apud of the person and ady. and 
in of place; he p.s up close by here with 
his father’s friend, et is in proximo hic 
devortitur, apud suum paternum hos- 
pitem, id, Mil. 2, 1, 56. 2. Freq. dé- 
versor, 1, dep.: with apud of the person, 
Cic. Att. 6, 1: in and abl. of place, in do- 
mo, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27,69: abl. (i.e. dat.) 
of prop. n.; cf quum Athenis apud eum 
deversarer, id. Tusc. 5, 8, 22. Subst.: 
a place to p. up at, deversorium, n.: v. 
Inn. (Note. diverto is sometimes found, 
by confusion, for deverto, and diverso- 
rium for deversorium: but diverto is 
said to be properly used for different per- 
sons putting up separately: v. Goerenz 
od ae Fin. 5, 2, 5+ Pe 4) (Ml. TO 
MIT Opp. . down = rge: 
both used by eae eine 
put upon (often=put on, q. v.. 
but oftener there is a clear shade of dif- 
ference) Pebitt: 1, impono, 3. 








BUT, EON 





SOIR y 





with dat.: striving to p. Pelion upon | impone, Ter. And. 5, 3, 26: that wack 


Olympus, tendentes Pelion imposuisse 
Olympo, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 52: cf. ib. 76, 
impositam Aetnam. (fig.) the burthens 
that are p. upon us, quaequomque im- 
posta nobis pondera sunt, Lucr. 5, 544: 
with super of secondary obj.: cf. pedem 
super cervicem jacenti imposuit, Curt. 
9, 1, fin.: super with acc. only (late): 
cf. impone manum tuam super eam et 
vivet, Vulg. Matt. ix. 18: absol. with 
adv. of position ; cf. molemque et montes 
insuper altos imposuit, Virg. Aen. 1, 62. 

2. superimpono, 3: with acc.: ef. 
(of a pupil in writing) neque egebit ad- 
jutorio manum suam manu superimpo- 
Sita regentis, Quint. 1, 1, 27: absol., 
cum autem eam tabulam sic aptaveris, 
gravia pondera superimponito, Col. 12, 
54. 3, superpono, 3 (cf. TO PUT OVER): 
with dat., cf. superposuit Elisha manus 
suas manibus regis, Vulg. 4 Reg. xiii. 
16: the Vulg. has also pono with super 
and acc. : cf. pone dexteram tuam super 
caput ejus, Gen. xlviii. 18: ponetis eas 
(dress and jewels) super filios et filias 
vestras, id. Ex. iii. 22: plectentes coro- 


nam de spinis, posuerunt super caput | peritos in errorem, Cic. Brut. 


ejus, id. Matt. xxvii. 31 (imp. ei in Mare. 
XV. 17; imp. capiti ejus, Joh. xix. 2): 
ponunt candelam super candelabrum, 
id. Matt. v. 15. 4, appono, 3: ef. 
gemmias toris app., Ov. Her. 9, 60. 5, 
superjicio, 3: se rogo, Val. Max. 1, 8, 
10. , addo, 3: with dat.: frena 
feris, Virg. Aen. 5, 818- with in and 
acc.; ne cui album in vestimentum ad- 
dere petitionis liceret causa (to p. white 
upon his dress), Liv. 4, 25. 7. subdo, 
3, With subj. of that upon which it is put: 
cf. aquae quae effervescunt subditis igni- 
bus (when p. upon the fire, lit., the fire p. 
under), Cic. N. D.2, 10, 27. 8, inféro, 
3: to p. upon a horse, in equum inf., 
Caes. B. G. 6, 30. ‘fj, Esp. of dress: 
io p. upon another : 1, indo, 3: she 
p. Esau’s raiment upon Jacob, vestibus 
Esau induit eum, Vulg. Gen. xxvii. 15. 

2. impono, 3: cf. puT oN. Hl. 
Hence fig. to invest a person with any 
character, etc.: gen. term, afficio, 3, 
with ace. and abl.: to p. honour upon a 
person or thing, honore aff. aliquem or 
rem, Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 38: top. no honour 
upon, nullis honoribus aff., Cic. Mil. 29, 
80: other phrr.: honorem deferre in ali- 
quem, id. Brut, 81, 281: aliquem prae- 
cipuo honore habere, Caes. B. G. 5, 54: 
alicui honorem reddere, Cic. R. A. 47, 
136: (say) what honour shall be p. upon 
Neaev'a, quonam donetur honore N., ‘lib. 
3, I, §: to have honour p. upon one, 
honorem accipere, Cic. Att. 9, 2, A. ef. 
amplissimis honoribus decorari, id. de Or. 
I, 54,232. Join: gratia, dignitate, ho- 
nore auctus, Caes. B. G. 1, 43. Contr., 
to p. dishonour or disgrace upon. dédé- 
coro, 1: déhdnesto, &: v. TO DISGRACE; 
TO DISHONOUR: he p. so much the greater 
dishonour upon you than upon me, tanto 
ile vobis quam mihi peforem honorem 
habuit, Q. Metell. in Gell. 12, 9: to p. 
an insult or affront upon another, con- 
tumeliam alteri facere, Pl. Asin. 2, 4, 
82: ei, Ter. Ph. 5, 7 (8), 19: ¢. jacere in 
aliquem, Cic. Sull. 7, fi.: alicui c. im- 
ponere, Sall. C. 48, fin.: on which you 
have p. the greatest outrages and insults, 
quibus tu injurias plurimas contume- 
liasque imposuisti, Cic. Verr. 4, 9, 20: to 
have an insult p. upon one, contumeliam 
accipere, Caes. B. G. 7, 10: c. in se acc., 
Ter, Eun. 4, 7, 1. To p.a value upon, 
aestimo, I: @ high value, magni and 
magno aest.: Vv. TO VALUR3; TO ESTEEM. 
To p.a slight upon, nibilo, or minoris aest., 
nihili facére or pendére: v. TO SLIGHT; 
TO MAKE LIGHT OF ; to p. contempt upon : 
V. CONTEMPT, TO DESPISE. Of a special 
endowment or favour: J have p. my 
Spirit upon him, dedi Spiritum meum 
super eum, Vulg. Is. xlii. t: (the priests) 
shall p.my name upon the children of 
Israel, invocabuntque nomen menm 
super filios Israel, id. Num. vi.27.  |V. 
As a task or terms, a burthen or inflic- 
tion: 1, impono, 3: with dat.: p. 
upon me what you re quidvis oneris 

2 > 








thou puttest upon me, I will bear, omne, 
quod imposueris mihi, feram, Vulg. 
4 Reg. xviii. 14: ef. Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54, 
imposuistis (iu) cervicibus nostris sem- 
piternum dominum: vy. To mpose. 9. 
Indico, 3; V, BRING UPON. ind. super 
(p. upon) joined with pono in (bring 
om): cunctum languorem, quem posui 
in Aegypto non inducam super te, Vr Ig. 
Ex. xv. 26, With obj. of person; us 
“to p. tem upon considering’’ (Locke), 
animum inducere, excitare, ad or in ali- 
quid. v, TO DRIVE TO; TO INCITE; TO 
INDUCE; TO SET; TO URGE: to p. one 
wpon a task, proponere alicui aliquid : 
V. TO PROPOSE 3 TO SET. V. Yo pass 
off anything upon (as “to p. an undi- 
gested play upon the public,” Dryden) : 
cf. TO PASS OFF: esp. as a deception; 
and (without obj. of thing) to cheat. 1, 
impono, 3: with dat. of person: v. TO 
IMPOSE UPON. 2. verba dare alicui: 
Pi. Aul. 1, 1, 23: ‘Ter. Andr. X, 3, 6: 
Cic. Phil. 13, 16, ad fin.: Hor. S. 1, 3, 
22. 3. indiicére aliquem in: to p.an 
error upon one (Bacon), ct. inducere im- 
85, 293. 
Phr.: to p. upon one’s trial: in judi- 
cium adducere, Cic. R. A. 10, 28: or, 
vocare, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, 34: to p. upon 
his country (in same sense), add, ad 
populum, id. Agr. 2, 36. 
put with: |. Lit. addo, 3: Le 
no gold be p. (into the grave) with the 
dead, moriuo neve aurum addito, Fr. 
Leg. X11. ‘Tab. in Cie. Leg. 2, 24. lL. 
To p. with any one for safety, dépono, 
3. V. TO DEPOSIT. 
putative: 1, falsus: cf. falsi geni- 
toris, Virg. Aen. 1,716. 2, (late) puta- 
tivus, Tert. adv. Mar. 3, 8: v. REPUTED. 
putid (obs.): pitidus, adv. piitidé: 
V. DISGUSTING. 
putrefaction (subs.) : . The 
process of making to putrefy (act.): 
expr. by injin., ger., etc. of putrefacio. 
I]. The process of putrefying 
(neut.): expr. by putresco, and putre- 
fio: salt preserves bodies from putre- 
Jaction, corpora a putrescendo (sal) 
vindicat, Plin. 31, 9, 45. I. The 
state of being putrid: v. PUuTRIDITY: 
also, in a state of p., putrescens: vy. 
PUTRESCENT 
putrefactive (udj.): septicus (on7- 
TUKOs): p. force or influence, 8. vis, Plin. 
30, 4, IO. 
putrefy, v. a. (obs.)=to make to 
putrefy: putréfacio, féci, factum, ;: 
Col. 3, 12: Plin. 29, 4, 28: v. To ROT. 
(wv. n.): 1, piitesco (and 
isco), Wi, 3: Cut. R. R. 3: Cic. Fin. 5, 
13: Hor. S. 2, 3, 194: and putresco, 3: 
Varr. R. R. 2, 5. Hor. S. 2, 3,119: Plin. 
31, 9, 45- 2. putréfio: Pall. 1, 33: 
Varr. R. R. 2,5: Lucr.: past part. pu- 
trefactus, Prud. ore. 10, 1035. 3. 
vitior, 1, pass.: Plin.- v.70 ROT. 
putrefying (adj.): piiter and putris, 
tris, tre: cf. Ov. F. 1, 379, fervent 
examina (of bees) putri de bove (Virgr 
bas for the same, liquefacta boum per 
viscera, G. 4, 555) cf. Curt. 9, 3, 10, 
corpora tot cicatricibus putria (said rhe- 
torically of living persons: but may be 
used for putrefying wounds): cf. Pu- 
TRESCENT, PUTRID. 
putrescence: V. PUTRIDITY. 
putrescent: (prop. inceptive) : pu- 
trescens: plitens. also pitidus: p. meat, 
p. caro, Cic. Pis. 9: p. vinum, PL Trin. 
2, 4, 125: cf. PUTREFYING. 
putrid; 1, puter and putris, tris, 
tre (Cels.): cf. PUTREFYING. 2. pu- 
tridus: Cic. Pis. 1. $, putriidsus: a 
p. sore, p. ulcus, Coel. Aur. Tard. 2, 14. 
4, pitidus: v. PUTKESCENT. To be 
p.: putréo, 2. Pac. in Non. 159, 19: alse 
putéo, Pl. Most. 1, 2,67 (a. putrent). 
putridity or putridness (subs.) : 
1, piitor, m.: Cat. R. R. 157: Lucr, 





2, 872: and putror, id. ib. 929. 2 
putramen, n.: Cyprian. de p. Zz. 
3. putrédo, App. M.9, p. 622. 4, 


putrilago, inis, 7, Non. 21, 23. 
putty: “gliiten (inis, m.), or gluti- 
num (m.) vitrariorum (lit. glaziers’ 


PUZZLE 





wue): or, from its composition, *gluten 
sretae et olei. 

puzzle (subs.): |. A question or 
trick, either to confuse, or to exercise the 
ingenuity : 1, nodus, m., gen. term. 
Join: nodi et aenigmata~ able to solve 
the p.s of the law and the riddles of the 
statutes, qui juris nodos et legum ae- 
nigmata solvat, Juv. 8,50. 2, quaes- 
tio, Onis, f.: an intellectual or dialectic 
p.: to be able to solve all p.s, omnes 
solvere posse quaestiones, Bibacul. in 
Suet. Gramm. 11: @ very hard p., per- 
difficilis et perobscura q., Cic. N. D. 1, 1 
(adapted): obscurissima et implicatis- 
sima q., Gell. , 2: also dim. quaestiun- 
ciila: to propose a p., q. ponere, Cic. de 
Or, 3, 22, 103: ef. Quint. 1, 3, 11, sunt 
etiam nonnulli acuendis puerorum in- 
geniis non inutiles lusus, cum positis 
invicem cujuscunque generis quaestiun- 
culis aemulantur (they vie in putting p.s 
to one another): esp., lusoria quaestio : 
(Diodorus died of shame) because he did 
mot at once solve a p. asked by xtilpo, 
lusoria quaestione non protinus ad in- 
terrogationem Stilponis dissoluta, Plin. 
4, 53, 54: to solve a p. (besides solvére 
and dissolvere), explicare q., by anal. 
fr. captiones (sophisms) expl., Cic. Div. 
2,17, 41: and by the same analogy, to 
discuss p.s, 4. discutere, id. Acad. 2, 15, 
46: the solution of a p., solutio (or dis- 
solutio) quaestionis lusoriae (cf. sol. cap. 
soph., Gell. 18,2). Phr.. tobea p.hard 
to solve: cf. Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 93, quam 
esset chscura et quam difficiles explicatus 
haberet. 8, liisus, is, m., a game: 
(a) for a verbal p., Quint. J. sup. cit. 
(6) gen. term for a p. forming a toy or 
game: by anal. fr. |. calculorum, Ptin. 
Ep. 7, 24: lL. XII. scriptorum (al. scru- 
porum), Quint. 11, 2, 38. cf. irritandae 
ad discendum infantiae gratia eburneas 
literarum formas in lusum offerre, id. 
1,1,26 the Chinese p. (perhaps). *lusus 
geometricus Sinarum: a dissected p., a 
mosaic p., *lusus sectilis (by anal. fr. 
sect. pavimenta, Vitr. 7, 1: Suet. Caes. 
49, fin.): cf. GAME. — ||, A DIFFICULTY, 
PERPLEXITY, state of CONFUSION: diffi- 
cultas, res difficiles, angustiae, dubitatio: 
also noddus: we had got into a sad p., 
incideramus in difficilem nodum, Coel. 
ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11: cf. Cic. Quint. 5, in 
summas angustias adduci. Phr.: it’s 
a p., haeret haec res, Pl. Ps. 4, 2, 28. 

puzzle (v. a.): 1, impédio, fi or 
ivi, itum, 4: cf. tot me impediunt curae, 
Ter. And. 1, 5, 25: Vv. TO EMBARRASS, 

9. dubium facére, 3: what is there 

in this case to p. any one? quae res est, 
quae cujusquam animum in hac causa 
dubium facere possit? Cic. Manil. 1o 
eae: Also dubium habére. cf. 

v. F. 6,572, dubium me quoque mentis 
habet. 8, scrupulum alicui injicio; 
Ive pd the fellow, injeci scrupulum 
homini, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 20: cf. Cic. Clu. 
28, 76, hic tum injectus est hominibus 
scrupulus et quaedam dubitatio, quid- 
nam esset actum, (men were p.d and 
doubtful). 4, torquéo, si, tum, 2 (as 
a very strong term): cf. verbi contro- 
versia tam diu torquet Graeculos hom- 
ines, Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 47: equidem 
dies noctesque torqueor, id. Att. 4, 9: 
Vv. TO RACK. 5, turbo, 1, and comps. 
conturbo, obturbo: v. TO CONFUSE$ TO 
TROUBLE. 
(v. n.): esp. to p. over (a thing): 
and to be p.d; to be in a puzzle: ie 
non habeo, quid (with subj.): Iam p.d 
what to do about the boys, de pueris quid 
agam non habeo, Cic. Att. 7, 19: he was 
p.ad how to answer this, quid huic re- 
sponderet non habebat, id. 12, 26. 2. 
haereo, si, sum, 2: alone: the rascal was 
p.d, haerebat nebulo: quo se verteret 
non habebat, id Phil. 2, 29, 74: with 
abl. : cf. quum haerent aliquo loco (when 
they're p.d at any point), id. Acad. 2, 5, 
14: gen. with in to p. over (or be p.d 
by) a fallacy, in captione h., Gell. 16, 
2: with circa: the most eloquent orator 
has once p.d over his letters, futurus 
eloquentissimus haesit aliquando circa 
formas literarum, Quint. 1, 1, 21. Also 

610 








PYTHON 


freq. haesito, 1: cf. in novis rebus haes., 
Cie. Acad. 2, 5, 15: ut deliberare non 
haesitare videamur, Quint. 10,7,22. 3. 
dibito, r dibius sum; incertus sum: 
v. TO DOUBT; (to be in) DOUBT; DOUBT- 
FUL: I’m pd what to do, dubius sum 
quid faciam, Hor. S. 1, 9, 40. 

puzzling (ad7.): 1, obscirus. a 
riddle more p. than Plato’s number, 
aenigma numero Platonis obscurius, Cic. 
Att. 7,13.  Q, dibius: cf. dubium vel 
anceps genus causarum, Quint. 4, I, 4o. 

3. perplexus cf. p. sermones, Liv. 
40, 5. p. responsum, id. 35, 14, fin.: cf. 
id. 34, 57: and for the compar., cf. per- 
plexius carmen, id. 25, 12: ratio per- 
plexior, Plin, 2, 15,13. 4, ambiguus: 
Pl. Ps. 2, 4, 69: cf. oracula amb., Cic. 
Div. 2, 56: responsa, Suet. Tib. 24. Jn 
@ p. manner, per ambages, Liv. 1, 56. 
pygmean: (“that pygmean race 
Beyond the Indian mount, warred on 
by cranes,’’ Milton): pygmaeus: cf. Juv. 
13, 166, seqq.: 
Ad subitas Thracum volucres, nubem- 
que sonoram 
Pygmaeus parvis currit bellator in 
armis: 
Mox impar hosti, raptusque per aéra 
curvis 
Ungnibus a saeva fertur grue: 
cf. id. 6, 504: Gell. 9, 4: Mela, 3, 8, 
8: Plin. 4, 11: id. 5, 29: id. 6, 30, 35: 
Hib Gk Fh 

pygmy (subs.): pygmaeus; pumilus; 
nanus: v. DWARF. 

—- (comm. adj.): pygmaeus: cf. 
brevior virgine pygmaea, Juv. 6, 504: 
may also serve for liliputian. 

pyramid (also pyamis, Bacon: Gk. 
Tupauis): pyramis, idis, f.: the Geom. 
solid in general: cf. conum tibi ais et 
cylindrum et pyramidem pulchriorem 
quam sphaeram videri, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 
47; the Egyptian pyr. in particular, 
dicantur obiter et pyramides in eadem 
Aegypto, etc., etc., Plin. 36, 12, 16 

pyramidal, pyramidical: 1. 
pyramidatus. bodies of a p. form, cor- 
puscula p., Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66 (dub.). 

2. fastigatus: in the wider sense of 

anything sloping to an apex. 

pyramidically: *in pyramidis (um) 
speciem: and expr. by adj. fastigatus. 

pyre: pyra, /., poet. fr. the Gk. rupa ; 
Virg. Aen. 6, 215 - Ov. F. 2, 534: Auct. 
B. Afr. 91: in pure Lat. régus, m.: v. 
PILE. 

pyrites (subs.), firestone: now used 
only for the sulphurets (or sulphides) of 
copper and iron: pyrités, ae, m.: the 
Lat. word is used for flint and millstone, 
and also for iron pyrites: all in Plin. 
36, 19, 30. : , 

pyrotechnic, and ~a] (adj.) : *pyré- 
technicus. 


pyrotechnics, and -y (subs.) : ars | 


pyrotechnica: v. FIREWORKS. (N.B.—In 
classical English the word signifies the 
use or management of fire: as “ great 
discoveries have been made by the 
means of pyrotechny and chemistry,” 
Hale ; where per ignem may be used.) 
pyrrhic: l. The pyrrhic dance: 
in Gk. and Lat. a swbs.; pyrrhicha, ae, 
and pyrrhiché, és, f. (rvppiyn), said to 
be named from its inventor, Pyrrhus or 
Pyrrichius. Plin. 4, 56, 57, § 204: 
Solin, 11 (16). to dance the p., pyr- 
rhicham saltare, Suet. Caes. 39: a dancer 
of the p. pytrhicharius, Ulp. Dig. 48, 19, 
8, fin. Il. The metrical foot, -. 
expr. by the adj. of the preceding, 
pyrrhichius (avppixios), with or with- 
out pes, Quint. 9, 4, 80. The adj. may 
also be used for the pyrrhic phalanz, 
* phalanx pyrrhichia : 
“Ye have the pyrrhic dance as yet: 
Where is the pyrrhic phalanx gone ?” 
Byron. 
pyrrhonism: *Pyrrhonis doctrina. 
pyrrhonists: Pyrrhonei_ (or -ii), 
prop. followers of Pyrrho: Cic. de Or. 
3, 19,62 Gell. 11, 5: V. SCEPTIC. 
python, a genus of serpaxts: python, 
dnis, m.: in pure Lat. only as proper 
name for the serpent, Python, killed by 
Apollo. 








QUADRATE 





pythoness (prop. the priestess of 
Apollo at Delphi’, a wild prophetess : 
Pythia, ae, f (» Iv@ia): Nep. Milt. 1: 
Pythia vates, Cic. Div. 1, 19: late Lat. 
Pythonissa, ae, f.: Vulg. 1 Paralip. x. 
13 (for the witch of En-dor). Note: 
the Vulg. has the cognate spiritum 
pythonem (A.V. a spirit of dvvination), 
Act. xvi. 16. 

pyx: pyxis, idis, f. (mvéis), also 
puxis (Scrib. Comp. 228), prop. a boz of 
box-wood, then any box: Cic, CoeL 25: 
a golden pyx, Suet. Ner. 47. 


Q. 


UACK (wv): |. As a duek: 
(?) tetrinnio, 4: Auct, Carm. de Phi- 
lomath.22. |, To make loud and 
boastful pretensions, esp. in medicine 
(“To quack of universal cures”: Hudi- 
bras): se jactare : gloriari: v. TO BOAST; 
TO BRAG. Ill. To practise medicine 
as a quack: perh. *medicinam circula- 
toriam facere, v. QUACKERY : empiricen 
facere (cf. Plin. 29, 1, 4: alia factio—ab 
experimentis cognominant empiricen) : 
cf. Cels. 1. inf. cit. s. v. QUACK (subs.). 
quack (subs.), fr. the v.; and quack- 
salver (Germ. quacksalber). J, boast- 
Sul pretender to any art: jactator: 
ostentator: homo vaniloquus, gloriosus : 
also expr. by verbs: v. BRAGGART, IM- 
POSTOR, PRETENDER. |], Prop. an tti- 
nerant medical practitioner, who puffs 
his drugs in public places; but now, 
any irregular practitioner, esp. one who 
boasts of a specific: 1, circulator, m.: 
cf. Cels. 5, 27, 3, quod per quaedam me- 
dicamenta c, faciunt: bence expr. @ 
quack-medicine by medicamentum cir- 
culatorium. 2, pharmiacdpdla, ae, m. 
(a medicine-vendor), Hor.S. t, 2, 1: and 
ph. circumforaneus (a travelling medi- 
cine-vendor), Cic. Clu. 14, 40. 3, his- 
trio, m.: cf. Cels. 5, 26, 1, histrionis est 
parvam rem attollere. 4, iatralipta, 
cr -€s, ae, m. (GK. tarpadetmmms, one 
who cures by anointing, exactly = quack- 
salver), Cels. 1, 1. Plin. Ep. 10, 4: cf. 
EMPIRIC. 5, praestigiator: v. JuG- 
GLER. 

_quackery, quacking: _L, circii- 
latoriae praestigiae, Tert. Apol. 23: *c. 
artes. 2, empiricé, es, f. (€umerpixy): 
Plin. 29, 1,4. 3, iatralipticé (or -lep- 
tice), és, f.: Plin. 29, 1, 2. (For the wider 
sense, V. BOASTING, IMPOSTURE.) 

quackish: circiilatorius: q. osten- 
tation, c. jactatio, Quint. 2, 4, 15: q. 
Jluency, c. volubilitas, id. 10, 1, 8¢ 
q. tricks, c. praestigiae, Tert. 1. c. 

quadragesima (LENT): quadragé- 
sima, Hier. Ep. 4, I, 2. 

quadragesimal, adj. (e. g. q. col- 
lects) : quadrigésimalis, Scriptt. Eccl. 

quadrain: O. E. for quATRAIN. 

quadrangle: |. The geometrical 
Jigure: quadrangiilum, Gloss. Lat. Gr. 

Il. A square open court: aréa (not 

found with quadrata), we seated our- 
selves in the q. of the house, residimus 
in a, domfis, Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 4: used, id. 
Pan. 52, for the open space in front of a 
temple. 

quadrangular: quadrangiilus: a 
q. figure, q. figura, Plin. 13, 22, 38: 
(later) quadrangulatus, Tert, Anim. 17. 
(Note: quadratus sometimes loosely, 
like Eng. square.) 

quadrant: _ |, 0.E. the fourth part 
of anything = Lat. quadrans, tis, m. 

Il. Now only, the fourth part of a 

ctrcle: quadrans (circiili): tetrans cir- 
cini, Vitr. 10, 11. ||], An optical instru- 
ment for taking altitudes : * quadrans 
(é. t.): perh. dioptra, Vitr. 8, 5 (6), 1. 

quadrantal (adj. e.g. a quadrantal 
arc): *quadrantalis (prop. containing 
the fourth part of any measure), Plin, 
13, 15, 29. 

quadrate(adj.): |. Square: qua- 
dratus. |J, In astron.=in quadrature: 
quadratus, v. QUADRATURE. __[Jf, O. E. 
Jitted, suited, quadratus, v. foll. art. 


QUADRATE 





quadrate (v.7.): to fit in with, to 
suit: quadro, 1, used intr.: with abl., 
of. secto via limite quadret, Virg. G. 2, 
278: with in and acc., cf. omnia in 
istam quadrant, Cic. Coel. 29: absol. id. 
de Or. 3,44 with ad multa (adverbiully), 
id, Att. 4, 18. : 

quadratic (adj.) : 
@ square - quadratus. 
* quadraticus (¢. ¢.). 

quadrature: |. The process of 
squaring. quadratiira: esp. the q. of 
the circle, circuli q., Apul. |/ogm. Plat. 3, 
p. 37- =‘. Im astron., the being distant 
ge°. quadratum: they cull ‘hese ( posi- 
tions) quadrutures, ea quadrata nomi- 
nant, Cic. Div. 2, 4+, 89° esp. the phir, 
in q. with: the moon is halved when in 
q. with the sun: luna in quadrato solis 
dividua est, Plin. 2, 18, 16. 

quadrennial (or quadrienn.) : 

|. Lasting 4 years: quadriennis, e: 

Aur. Vict. Epit.45. |]. Recurring every 
4th year (i.e. at intervals of 4 years), 
in our mode of computation, is, in the 
Roman mode, quinquennilis, e: cf. Cic. 
de Or. 3, 32, 127, quing. celebritas (sc. 
Indorum Olympicorum). (N.B. The form 
quadriennalis is not found.) 

quadrilateral (a4j.): quadrilatérus: 
aquad/ilateral figure, q. forma, Froutin. 

. 35, Goes. Subst. a q., quadrangiilum, 

. fig. num. extr. ; cf. OBLONG (subs.), 

PARALLELOGRAM. 

quadrille: |. Zhegame at cards: 
*ludus chartarum quaternarius, Il. 
The dance: *saltatio quaternaria. 

quadripartite: quadripartitus: cf. 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, jin., q. distributio 
totius accusationis: a q. alliance, *foedus 
IV. civitatum. 

quadrireme: quadrirémis: Cic.Verr. 
5, 33 (quatr., Not. Tir. p. 177) 


quadrisyllabic: tetrisyllabus, Mar. 
Vict. 


quadrivium, the old university 
course of 4 years, in succession to the 
trivium : quadrivium (med. Lat.), Boéth. 
quadroon: pure Latin only allows 
the gen. term hibrida or hybrida: v. 
HYBRID: perh. (as dejin.), * bigenero 
patre vel matre natus. 
quadrumanous (adj.): quadrima- 
nus, a, um (and -is, -e), prop. born with 
4 hands: cf. puella biceps, quadripes, 
quadrimana, Jul. Obseq. 111. (Sci. 
aN *quadrumana, orum : as, monkeys, 
v.) 
quadruped : 


|. Belonging ‘o 
{j. In mathem. . 


|. Prop. adj., fowr- 
footed (“q. and winged animals,” 
Watts’s ‘ Logic’): quadripes, édis 
(quadripes), prop. going on four feet : 
q. equus (galloping), Enn. in Gell. 18, 
5. Also quadriipédus, Amm. 14, 2: and 
qnadrtipédius, Jul. Valer. res g. Alex. 
M. 3, 36. I]. Usu. subs. quadriipes 
(Sse. bestia), usu. f.: aliam q., Cato R. R. 
Io2: nulla q., Virg. E. 5, 25: but also 
neut.:; crocodilus q. malum, Plin. 8, 25, 
a8 Ciwid-ixis 36, 43): pl. Col. 13, 2: 
¢ he neut. seems used generally for a 
our-footed creature, rather than speci- 
fically for a quadruped.) Adv, quadrii- 
pédatim, like (after the manner of) a q., 
Charis. p. 163, P. 

quadruple (a4dj.): — 1, quadruplex, 
icis: Pl.. Liv. 2, quadruplus (quadru- 
plaris in Macrob. S. Scip. 1, 19, dub.) ; 
V. FOURFOLD. For a q. star adopt 
quadriplices stellae (prop. four stars), 
Cic. Arat. 92. 

quadruvle (subs.), four times as 
much: quadruplum: cf. furem dupli 
condemnari, feneratorem quadrupii 
Cat. R. R. prooem.: to sentence (a per- 
son) to pay q.. judiciur in aratorem in 
q. dare, Cic. Verr. 3, 13: cf. Vulg. Luce. 
xix. 8, si quid aliquem defraudavi, reddo 
quadruplum. 

quadruple (v.), and quadru»li- 
cate, to multiply by 4; make 4 times 
as much: quadruplo, 1: Ulp. Dig. 4, 2, 
14: and quadruplico, 1: numerum q., 
Paul Dig. 38, to, 10. to quadruple one’s 
estate, rem suam q., Pl. Stich. 3, 1, 4. 

quadruplication, four-fold in- 
ae : quadruplicatio: numeri q,, Cap. 
1}. 258. 





QUAINT 


quadruply (adv.): quadruplo, Plin. 
11, 37, 719° Quadruplicat, id. 14, 4, 5. 

quaere or query: *quuere (¢. /.). 

quaff (v. a. and n.): to drink in 
large draughts, also (poet) to drink 
with pleasure: 1, haurio, si, stum, 4 
(chiefly poét.): he qua/ffed the foaming 
boul, ille impiger bausit spumantem 
pateram, Virg. Aen. 1, 738° cratera, ib. 
8, 679: pocula, Ov. M. 14, 277. <Absol. 
(= intr. in Eng.), Cic. Brut. 83, 288. 

2. diico, xi, ctum, 3 (poet.): to q. 

the juice of the neta, d. wectaris sucos, 
Hor. Od. 3, 3, 34: pocula Lesbii, ib. 1, 
17, 22. 3. perpoto, 1, esp. absol. and 
continuous: ct. totos dies p., Cic Verr. 
5, 33, fin.: also with ubj. (puet.), to q. a 
hitter cup, p. amurum absinthi laticem, 
Luer. 1, 93y. Also the simple pdio, 1: 
and /req. pOtito, 1: cl. TO DRINK. The 
part. quaffed is sometimes expr. by the 
adj. potus agreeing with the obj. : having 
q’d it (the bull’s blood): eo poto, Cic. 
Brunt. 11, 43: and as adj., wine-jars q.’d 
‘o the dregs, poti fuece tenus cadi, Hor. 
Od. 3, 15, 16. 

quaffer: haustor, m.: potor, m.: 
potator, m.: V. DRINKER. 

quaffing (subs.): pdtus, iis, m.: po- 
tatlo, f.: baustio, f.: v. DRAUGHT. 

quagga: “equus quagga (¢. ¢.). 

quaggy and quagmire: Vv. 206, 
BOGGY. 

quail (subs.) : coturnix, icis, f. (*tur- 
dus c., Linn.) : Pl. Capt. 5, 4,6: Lucr. 4, 
645: Plin. 10, 23, 32: Vulg. Ex. xvi. 13. 

quail-pipe: *fistula coturnicibus 
alliciendis or decipiendis. 

quail (v.): {fbran'ss-v25 20 
QUELL. ‘jf, Intrans.: to be aljectly 
discouraged : esp. to quail before (an vb- 
ject of fear): 1, abjicio, 3, with pron. 
reflect.: cf. qui doloris speciem ferre 
non possunt, se abjiciunt, etc., Cic. Tusc. 
eh, OG 9. cado, cécidi, casum, 3, 
with animo: we ought not thus to q., 
non debemus ita cadere animis, Cic. Fam. 
6, 1: and compd. concido, 3: with animo, 
Hirt. B. G. 8, 19: and alone: cf. ne una 
plaga accepta P.C. conciderent neve defi- 
cerent, Cic. Att. 1, 16. 3, despondéo, 
di, sum, 2: with animnum, Pl. Mil. 1, 1, 
6: animos, Liv. 3, 38. 4, pavéo, pavi, 
2: esp. with an obj. to q. at or before: 
death, mortem p., Plin. 2, 12, 9: cala- 
mity, tristiorem casum p., Tac. H. 1, 29; 
@ person’s temper, mores alicujus p., ib. 
50: cf. Quis Parthum paveat, quis geli- 
dum Scythen? Hor. Od. 4, 2, 25: with 
ad: paventes ad omnia, Liv. 5, 42: absol. 
the courage quails. animus pavet, Sen. 
Med. 670: cf. sullicitae mentes speque 
metuque pavent, Ov. F. 3, 362. §, ab- 
jecto, demiisso, fracto, esse animo: v. 
PUSILLANIMOUS. 6, trépido, 1: v. To 
TREMBLE. 

quailing (adj.): 1. pavidus: q. 
before all suspicions, ad omnes suspi- 
ciones p., Tac. H. 2,68. 2, abjectus, 
etc.: Vv, PUSILLANIMOUS. 

quaint: the various shades of mean- 
ing—neut, elegant, subile, striking, 
strange —require taste and regard for 
the context to express: for general 
terms we may use: 1. concinnus 
(esp. of style) cf. (as a definition) alii 
in eadem jejunitate concinniores, id est, 
faceti. florentes etiam et leviter ornati, 
Cic. Or.6- a q. transposition of words, 
c. transgressio verborum, Quintil. 9, 3, 
gt: aq. and elegant (writer), Join: 
c. et elegans, Cic. Fin. 5,5. Join: con- 
cinnae acutaeque sententiae, id. Brut. 
78, fin. 2, lépidus: (1) of persons: 
what a q. fellow! o capirulum lepidis- 
simum! Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 25. Join: 
bellus, lepidus, Pl. Capt. 5, 2, 3. (2) of 
style: Join: l. et concinnus: (a cri- 
ticism on quaintness) quae lepida et 
concinna, cito satietate afficiunt aurium 
sensum fastidiosissimum, Auct, Heren. 
4, 23, 32. Exclam. expr. by adv : how 
vitty, fine, and q.! you can’t beat that! 
facete, laute, lepide: nibil supra, Ter, 
Eun. 3, 1, 37. 3, argiitus: with a q. 
sandal, arg. in solea, Cat. 68, 72: (in bad 
sense). g. sayings, a. dicta, Cic. de Or, 2, 
61. 4, festivus: a man pleusant and 





QUAKE 


untty, and of q. discourse, dulcis et 
facetus festivique sermonis, Cic. Off. 1, 
30, 108. Join: poema facit ita fes- 
tivum, ita concinnum, ita elegans, nibil 
ut fieri possit argutius, id. Pis. 29, 
yo: one who affects gq. discuurse, fes- 
tivi sermonis simulator, id. Off. 1, 30, 
108. §, nitidus cf.n. quiddam genus 
verborum et laetum, Cic de Or. 1, 18. 
6, Glégans: a q. style of humour, 
cf. perspicitis, hoc genus (jocandi) quam 
sit facetum, quam elegans, Cic. de Or, 2, 
59, 241. 7, comptus: esp. for the 
sense of refined elegance: and, deri- 
sively, quaint and foppish (Shaksp.: 
Swift), dim. comptilus: cf. comptali 
juvenes, Hier Ep. 128, No. 4. 8, ex- 
quisitus: cf. reconditas exquisitasque 
sententias, Cic. Brut. 79, 274: (perh. 
may serve for “ their quaint opinions 
wide,” Milton): an over precise and q. 
style of speech, accuratius +t exquisitius 
dicendi genus, ib. 82, 283: (anything) 
q. and elegant, (aliquid) exqui-itissimae 
comitatis, Suet. Oth. 3. 9, rarus (where 
the sense of unusual prevails): a q. 
costume, v. vestis, Cut. 69, 3: a work of 
q. device, artis opus rarae, Tib. 3, 4, 37: 
q. simplicity, rarissima simplicitas, Ov. 
A. A. I, 241. See also FAR-FETCHED, 
10. captatus: g. brevity, brevitatem 
c., Quint. 10, 1, 32: g. grace in an actor, 
c. elegantiam actoris, id. 11, 3, 184: a 
word not q. but natural, nou captata, 
sed velut oblata vox, id. 9, 3, 73. ll. 
snbtilis, (for the use of q. in old 
writers “as clerkys been fw subtile 
and quaint,” Chaucer): @ q. question, 
quaestio s.: Vv. SUBTLE. 
quaintness: 1, concinnitas, atis, 
f.: in gen. sense, cf. non est ormamen- 
tum virile conc., Sen. Ep. 115: of style, 
ef. ornat sententiarum conc., Cic. Brut. 
95. 2, lépos (-or), Oris, m.: cf. tantus 
in jocando lepos, Cic. de Or, 1, 7, 27: 
floruit admirabili quodam lepore dicendi, 
id. Ac. 2, 6, 16. Join: lepos et festi- 
vitas, Auct. Her. 4, 23, 32: cf. Cie. de 
Or. 2, 56, 227: @ certain q. of wit, 
facetiarum quidam lepos, Vell. 1, 34, 
159. 3. argitiae, arum,f.: cf. cujus 
loquacitas habet aliquid argutiarum, Cic. 
Leg. I, 2, 7: sing. a strained and daring 
q., importuna atque audax argutia, Gell. 
3, 16. 4, festivitas, atis, f.: the art 
(or trick) of constant q.. perpetuae f. 
ars, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 219: a pattern of 
old English q., imago antiquae et verna- 
culae f., id. Fam. 9, 15. 5, facétiae, 
arum,f.: the pleasant q. of Latin wit, 
dulces Latini leporis facetiae, Vell. 1, 17. 
6. nitor, Oris, m.: q. tm tropes, 
translationum n., Quint. 12, 10, 36. 7, 
captatio verborum: Cic. Part. 23, 81: 
ct. puerilis c. vocum similium, Quint. 8, 
3, 57° 8, insolentia verborum: Cic. 
de Or. 3, 13: and pl.: to dislike q., inso- 
lentias verborum respuere, Gell. 13, 20. 
quairtly (adv.): expr. by the advs. 
of the adjs. 8. v. QUAINT, esp.: im @ q. 
costume, Join: concinne et lepide ves- 
lita, Pl. Ep. 2,2, 38. Join: lepidissime 
et comissime, Pl. Mil. 3, 3,66. Join: 
eleganter atque exquisite dicere aliquid, 
Quint. 8, 2, 21. 
quake (v. n.) : (differs from TO SHAKE, 
TO SHIVER, TO SHUDDER, TO TREMBLE, TO 
QUIVER, in being scarcely used of the 
mere motion, but, (1) of persons and 
animals moved by fear, and hence fig. 
(2) of things which seem to tremble be- 
Sore @ superior power) : i: trémo, ii, 
3: (1) of persons: Join: tremit atque 
extimuit, Pl. Mil 4,6,57 Join: tret 
exalbescere, Cic. Acad. 2, 15, 48: with 
nom. of members affected, membra mi- 
serae tremunt, Pl Cas. 3, 5, 2. abl. of 
same; corde et genibus tr. Hor. Od. 1, 
23, 8: acc. of same, Ais limbs q., tr. 
artus, Lucr. 3, 488° Virg.G. 3, 84: witb 
abl. of cause; your bones q. with fear, 
tremis ossa pavore, Hor, S. 2, 7, 57 
cf. “The creeping flesh along my bones 
did quake,” (Byron), *Horrescens cor- 
pus tremuit super ossa pavore. (2) of 
things: Africa terribili tremit horrida 
terra tumultu, Enn. Ann. 7, 64: tum 
sonitu Procbyta alta tremit, vie. Aen. 
u 


QUAKE 


QUALIFIED 











9, 715: the sea-shore q.ing beneath 
the lashing waves, trementes verbere 
ripas, Hor. Od. 3, 27, 23. Used also 
trans. with acc. of obj.: to q. before, 
cf neque iratos trementi regum apices 
neque militum arma, ib. 3, 21, 19. 
Join: tr. atque horreo: virgas atque 
secures dictatoris tr. atque horr., Liv. 
22, 27. Comp. intrémo, 3: cf. (of Ence- 
ladus beneath Etna) Et, fessum quoties 
mutet latus, intremere omnem Murmure 
Trinacriam (¢.s with a thundering 
sound), Virg. Aen. 3, 581: with acc.: 
Hannibalem intr., Sil. 16, 664 (al. Han- 
nibali). Rarely contrémo, 3: Lucr. 5, 
1220: Poet. in Cic. de Or. 3, 39. 2. 
the incept. trémisco, iti, 3: J bid the 
mountains to q., Jubeoque tremiscere 
montes, Ov. M. 7, 2¢5: with abl. of 
cause ; tonitruque tremiscunt Ardua 
terrarum et campi, Virg. Aen. 5, 694: 
with acc. of obj.; sonitumque pedum 
vocemque tremisco, Virg. Aen. 3, 648. 
Rarely compd. contrémisco (to q. all 
over): Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121 (trans. 
tremble): cf. the earth q. before Him, 
a facie ejus c. terra, Vulg. Joel ii. 10: 
with acc. of obj.: Hannibalem Italia 
contremuit, Just. 12, 4, 14. 8, the 
trans. tréméfacio, 3 (make to q.: cf. 
pass. totum Olympum nutu tr., Virg. 
Aen. Io, 115: totum coelum supercilio 
et nutu, Arn. 4, 140), is used reflect. 
for the n. v.: the earth quaked, se treme- 
fecit tellus, Poet. in Cic. Div. 1, 11, 18. 
(Note: trépido, 1: is rarely, if ever, 
used in the exact sense of to quake: 
Vv. TO TREMBLE; TO QUIVER; TO FEAR.) 

4, horréo, iii, 2: my body q.s, my 


heart goes pit-a-pat, horret corpus, cor | 


salit, Pt. Cist. 2, 3, 9: with acc. of obj. ; 
strictas trepida cervice secures h.: Sil. 
ltal. 6, 695: cf. QUAKE (subs.): in- 
cept. horresco, ti, 3: Vv. TO SHUDDER. 
5, mdvéo, movi, modtum, 2: used 
intr., only and rarely, of an earthquake : 
the earth q.d during (there was an 
earthquake lasting) 38 days, terra dies 
duodequadraginta movit, Liv. 35, 40: 
and in pass. Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 2 (v. inf. 
S. UV. QUAKE, subs.): the earth did q., 
terra mota est, Vulg. Matt. xxvii. 51: 
compd. (late) commoveri : the mountains 
q. at him, Montes commoti sunt ab eo, 
id. Nah. i. 5: cf. 1 Reg. xiv. 15, contur- 
bata est terra: and Heb. xii. 21, Moses 
said, I exceedingly fear and q., Moyses 
dixit, exterritus sum et tremebundus. 
Phr.: to make any one q. with fear, 
terrorem alicui injicere, Cic. Prov. Cons. 
18, 43: and reflect. Phr.: ea res me 
horrore afficit, Pl. Am. 5, 1, 16. 
quake and quaking (subs.): |. 
1, trémor, oris, m.: cf. tremor occu- 
pat artus, Ov. M. 3, 49: v. TREMBLING. 
2. horror, Oris, m.: cf. frigidus 
artus, dum loquor, horror habet, Ov. 
M. 9, 291: cf. SHUDDER, SHIVERING. 
The Vulg. uses also conturbatio, /. 
(Mon-clats. in this sense), Ezek. xii. 
18; and terror, Dan. x. 7. Phr.: I’m 
all of a qg., Join: totus tremo hor- 
reoque, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4. ||. Esp. a 
quaking of the earth, an earthquake : 
1, trémor, Oris, m. (sc. terrae), the 
ancient and preper word, cf. Sen. Q. N. 
6, 21, 2: duo genera sunt.....quibus 
movetur terra: utriusque nomen est 
proprium : altera succussto est (sequitur 
defin.) altera inclinatio (seq. def.) : ego 
et tertium illud existimo, quod nostro 
vocabulo signatum est: non enim sine 
causa tremorem dixere majores, etc. etc. 
(CN. B. Succussio—whence Fr. secousse— 
and inclinatio, are not found elsewhere 
in this sense.) Usu. alone: Lucr. 5, 587: 
id. 6, 287: Ov. M. 6, 699: earthquakes 
affecting the city (e.g. the earthqualce of 
Lisbon), urbis tremoribus, Plin. 36, 10, 
15: with terrae, Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 3: the 
earthquale grew violent, invaluit, id. ib. 
Q. terrae motus, iis, m.: Cic. Div. 
1, 18, 35: Curt.: there was a great earth- 
quake, terrae motus factus est magnus, 
Vulg. Matt. xxviii. 2: id. Act. xvi. 26: 
cf. TO QUAKE, No. 5: (the Vulg. has also 
commotio terrae, Is. xxix. 6: and comm. 
alone, 3 Reg. xix. 11, 12). 
f12 








| TO QUAKE, Jin. 
Jjear, trepidi formidine, Virg. Aen. 9, 


franchise, jus civitatis: a q. for killing | 


quaker: (JDefin.) *secta religionis, 
proprie “ amicorum” derisu vulgari 
“tremulorum” dicta: trans. the Q.s, 
*« Amici,’ *societas Amicorum: a Q., 
*Amicus : (unus) e societate Amicorum. 

quaking (adj.): 1, trémilus : 
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 44: tr. motus, Lucr. 3, 
202: tr. horror, Prop. 1, 5, 15: aq. reed, 
tr. arundo, Ov. M. 11, 190. 92, trémé- 
bundus (usu. poet.): cf. (Iphigenia) 
tremebunda ad aras deducta est, Lucr. 
I, 96: tr. membra, Ov. M. 4, 133: cf. 
3. trépidus: q. with 


169: q. fear, tr. terror, Lucr. 5, 41. 
4. Esp. by particips. trémens, tré- 
pidans, tréméfactus: the qualcing earth, 
tremefacta solo tellus, Virg. Aen. Io, 102. 
quaking-grass or quake-grass: 
*briza, f.: (1) common q.-g.: b. media : 
(2) lesser q.-g.: b. minor: Linn. 
qualification (subs. der. fr. v.) 
|. hat which fits a person for 
anything: gen. expr. by means of the 
adj. or verb: also expr. by means of ad: 
Phr.: (Marius) had ail other qs for 
obtaining the consulship except, etc., ad 
quem (consulatum) capiundum praeter 
vetustatem familiae alia omnia abunde 
erant, ete., Sall. J. 63: v. ADAPTATION, 
FITNESS: SUITABILITY. I]. Hence, a 
legal or technical q. for any post: 1 





jus, jiris, m.: v. RIGHT: a q. for the 


game, perh. *j. venationis (cf. jus ma- | 
teriae caedendae, Liv. 5, 55). 2. po- 
testas, atis, f.: to have a legal q. for 
doing anything, Join: jus potesta- 
temque habere aliquid faciendi, Cic. Phil. 
II, 12,30. 9, capacitas, f.: prop. legal | 
q. for taking an inheritance, Gai. Dig. 
31, 55: cf. TITLE. Also expr. by neg. | 
of words signifying DISQUALIFICATION. | 
II]. Absol. high qualities or en- | 
dowments : 1, dds, dodtis, f.: v.) 
ENDOWMENT: ACCOMPLISHMENT. 2. 
indoles, is, f.: usu. in sing.: cf. ob) 
altam indolem, Liv. 21, 4: also pl., 
“ good q.s of mind” (Atterbury), bonae 
animi indoles, Gell. 19, 12. 3. ingeé- 
nium. 4. opportunitas, f. . 
habilitas, f.: v. QUALITY. IV. 4 
condition, limitation, abatement : ib 
conditio, 7. Q, circumscriptio, f.: v. 
CONDITION : TERMS: LIMITATION. F 
exceptio, f.: Cic. Balb. 14: without 
any q. sine ullaexc.,id. Am.17. Phr.: 
to speak without q., simplicissime loqui, 
Tac. H. 1, 15. 
qualified: |. Fit, suitable, having 
the ability for: 1, aptus: with ad: 
v. FIT: with vel. and subj. : noone better 
q. to, etc., nulla videbatur aptior persona 
quae de aetate loqueretur, Cic. Am. I, 
- 2. iddnéus: with ad: (no men) 
better q. for this business, magis ad 
hanc rem idoneos, Pl. Poen. 3, 2,6: cf. 
Cic. Clu. 6, 17, non essem ad ullam | 
causam idoneus (q. to conduct a case): 
with dat.: gq. for any work, id. arti | 
cuilibet, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 8: better g. for 
the study of history, historiae magis 
idoneus, Quint. 2, 8, 7: with rel, and 
subj.: cf. idonea mihi Laeli persona 
visa est, quae de amicitia dissereret, 
Cic. Am. 1, 4. 8. habilis, e, with ad: | 
never was the same genius better q. for | 
the most varied pursuits, nunquam in- | 
genium idem ad res diversissimas habi- 
linus fuit, Liv. 21, 4: v. ABLE. 4, in-| 
génidsus (with a natural bent for): ad 
aliquid, Ov. M. 11, 313: in aliqua re, 
Mart. Praef. 1. 5. opportinus : cf. 
magis opportunus nemo est, ler. Eun. 
5, 9 (8), 47: Vv. FIT. 6. utilis, e: 
with dat.: q. for the study of law, 
u. studio juris, Quint. 2, 8, 7. (3 
capax, Acis: with gen.: whom all men 
would have thought gq. for empire had 
he not been enperor, omnium consensu 
capax imperi visus, nisi imperasset, Tac. | 
Ann. I, 49. 
WORTHY. 
ornatus: cf. sapiens plurimis artibus 
instructus et ornatus, Cic. Fin. 2, 34: | 
esp. in the sense Of ACCOMPLISHED 
(Shaksp.). 10. Expr. by esse qui, 
talem esse qualis, etc.: also by adjs. 





| V. TO LIMIT: TO RESTRICT. 


QUALIFY 


in bilis and bundus: by sufficio ad: 
Vv. COMPETENT. Also by neg. of words 
sign. DISQUALIFIED. Phr.: to be well 
q. in (anything), profecisse in, Cic. Off. 
3,8. Phr-.: those who are naturally q. 
Sor the conduct of affairs, ii, qui habent 
a natura adjumenta rerum gerendarum, 
Cic. Off. 1, 21, 72. Il. Having a legal 
or technical qualification : 1. expr. 
by jus: to be q, aliquid j. faciendi 
habere, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, fin.: v. prec. art. 
2. For other words and phrases, see 
COMPETENT. ||], Limited, conditioned, 
restricted, moderated: v. TO QUALIFY. 
Phr.: q. by the condition, (sub) ea con- 
ditione : ea lege: v. CONDITION. 
qualify: —_ |. To fit a person for 
anything : 1, aptum, idoneum, etc., 
aliquem ad aliquid reddere or facere: 
Vv. QUALIFIED. 2. instititio, 3: ali- 
quem ad dicendum, Cic. de Or. 2, 39: v. 
TO TRAIN. 8. instrio, 3: aliquem 
scientia alicujus rei, Quint. prooem. 1: 
ef. disciplinae et artes, quibus instruimur 
ad hunc usum forensem, Cic. Coel. 30: 
v. TO INSTRUCT. 4, accommodare se 
ad, to q. oneself for: e.g. for political 
life and eminent public service, se ad 
Temp. et ad res magnas gerendas acc., 
Cic. Off. 1, 21, 70: cf. TO APPLY (oreself 
to). 5, proficio, 3: used absol. with 
ad of the thing: there is nothing tha. 
q.s for speaking so much as writing, 
nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit 
quantum scriptio, Cie. Brut. 24. IL 
(Trans.) to confer, or (intr.) to obtain, 
a legal or technical qualification: expr. 
by subs. or adj. with do, reddo, facio, 
habeo: v. the two preced. arts.: cf. TO 
ENTITLE. Ill. Zo restrict, restrain, 
mitigate, lessen the forceof: 1, cir- 
cumscribo, 3: ef. nullis ut terminis 
(orator) circumscribat aut definiat (q. or 
limit) jus suum, Cic. de Or. 1, 16, Jo: 
cf. “to q. a proposition” (Atterbury): 
2. m6- 
déror, 1, dep.: with dat.: to q. one’s 
language, m. linguae, Pl. Cure. 4, 1, 25: 
cf. animo et orationi m., Cic. Q. F. 1, 1, 
13: with acc.: to q. one’s joy, gaudium 
m., Tac. A. 2,75: to q. the severity of 
the laws, duritiam legum m., Suet. Claud. 
14: to q. a sound, perh, moduler, 1, dep. 
3. tempéro, 1: to gq. wine (with 
water), vinum t., Plin, 29, 3, 11: vinegar 
with honey, acetum melle, id. 14, 17, 21: 
sharp sounds with flat, acuta cum gra- 
vibus, Cic. Rep. 6, 18: the sound of the 
golden lyre, testudinis aureae strepitum, 
Hor. Od. 4, 3, 18: V. TO TEMPER: to be 
q.d by mixing, misceri et temperari, 
Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119. 4, diliio, 3: tog. 
honey with milk and wine, aa 


| favos lacte et miti Baccho d., Virg. 


I, 344: cf. Hymettia mella Falerno, 
Hor. S. 2, 2, 16: @ medicine with vine- 
gar, medicamentum aceto, Cels. 5, 20: 
fig. to g. care with plenty of wine, curam 
multo mero, Ov. A. A. 1,238: to q. an 
accusation, crimen d., Cic. Mil. 27. §, 
exténiio, 1: to qg. an accusation, crimen 
ext., Cic. Verr. 5, 40,103. Join: ext. 
et dil.: cf. Cic. 3, 16, 34, quae cogitatio 
molestias ext. et diluit: cf, “to g. i 
conveniences” (Raleigh). 6, démi- 
niio, 3: with acc.: tog. any portion of 
one’s rights, partem aliquam juris d., 
Cic. Caecin. 2, 5: so pass. joined with 
infirmo; si sententia bujus interdicti 
deminuta aut infirmata sit: with de, 
and acc. of degree: cf. aliquid de jure 
aut de legibus dem., Caes. B. G. 7, 33: 
neque de tanta voluptate et gratula- 
tione quicquam fortuna deminuerat 
(nor was, etc., q.’d by any mizture of mis- 
Fortune), id. ib. 1, 33: with ex: from 
the fact that the regal power was some- 
what q.’d (in the consular), quod demi- 
nutum quicquam sit ex regia potestate, 
Liv. 2, 1. 7, mitigo, 1: to q. the 
laws, leges m., Plin. Ep. 3, 9: one’s 


8. dignus: v. DESERVING, | fears, metus, Quint. 12, 2, 28: labours, 
9, Join: instructus et} labores, Cic. de Or. 3,4: pains or griefs, 


dolores, id. Att. 3, 15: sadness and 
moroseness, Join: tristitiam ac se- 
veritatem mitigat et relaxat, id. de Or. 
2, 58, 2362 to q. one’s anger, iras mit., 
Ov. Tr. 4,6, 15: rabiem suam, Plin. ro, 


= es 








QUALITATIVE 


QUALITY 





62, 83: to q. the bitterness of severity 
with the milk of humun kindness, cf. 
haec severitas acerba videretur, nisi 
multis condimentis humanitatis miti- 
garetur, Cic. Q. F. 1, 1, 7. 8. lénio, 
ivi or li, itum, 4: nuts q. the savour of 
onions, nuces leniunt saporem caeparum, 
Plin. 23, 8,77. Other such verbs may 
be used, as, paco, plico, sédo, etc.: v. TO 
APPEASE, TO ASSUAGE, TO CALM, TO 
SOFTEN, TO SOUTHE, TO REDUCE. 
qualitative (adj.): only used in 
chemistry, g. analysis, i.e. the deter- 
mination of the kind of substance, not 
of its quantity (v. QUANTITIVE): perh. 
*analysis qualitiva or qualitativa, (¢. t.). 
quality (subs.): |. Abstr. the 
or kind of anything ; coner, 
the property or properties that determine 
its nature or kind: hence, of persons, 
character or disposition (these meanings 
are mingled in the Latin words) : 1? 
the etym. equiv. qualitas, atis, f., is 
only used in the best Latin asa ¢. ¢t. of 
philosophy: cf. qualitates igitur ap- 
pellavi quas mo.dtnras Graeci vocant: 
quod ipsum apud Graecos non est 
vulgi verbum, sed philosophorum, Cic. 
Ac. I, 7, 25, et seqq., as opp. to a thing 
in its essence : cf. aut de substantia con- 
troversiam esse, aut de qualitate, Quint. 
3, 6, 39 (cf. esp. 7, 4,1): in later writers 
as a common word: cf. ager aliis qualita- 
tibus aestimandus est, Col. 2, 2, 17. 
Expr. by talis (of such a q.), and qualis, 
rel., inter., and indef.: (that) we natu- 
rally shew the q.s which we really have, 
ut facillime quales simus tales esse vi- 
deamur, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44: as depend. 
interr., tell me what are their bodily q.s, 
doce me quales sint corpore, id. N. D. 1, 
23: as indef.,a thing must first be, and 
then have some q., prius aliquid esse 
debet, deinde quale esse, Sen. Kp. 117: 
pl. qualia (the q.s of things, dist. fr. 
ualitas, their common principle): cf. 
c. Ac. 1, 7, 28, quum ita moveatur illa 
vis, quam qualitatem esse diximus ...., 
illa effici quae appellant qualia (freely, 
their q.s are developed): of what q. 
(adv.), qualiter: of whatever q. (of what 
q. soever), qualis qualis, Tryphon. Dig. 
20, 5,12: qualiscunque, Cic. Leg. 3, 14: 
id. Att. 14, 14: of what q. you please, 
eee Apic. 4, 2: cf. sort, sucn. 
-B. The proper use of these terms can 
only be acquired by knowledge and ex- 
perience. 2. vis, f. (rare in this 
sense, but expressive: special q. or 
virtue) ; the q. of virtue, v. virtutis, Cic. 
Fam. 9, 16: cf. in quo est omnis vis 
amicitiae, id. A. 4, 15: the q. of mercy 
is not strained (Shaksp.), *non éluc- 
tébitur vis mfsericérdiae. 8, natura, 
Ff. Cit. in-born q.): the essential g. of 
life, n. propria animae et vis, Cic. Rep. 
6, 26: the q.s with which J. has endowed 
bees, naturas apibus quas Juppiter ipse 
addidit, Virg. G. 4, ae: the subtle q. of 
air, n. tenuis aeris, Lucr. 2, 232: pl., 
qualities (=endowments) ; a man of 
varied and manifold q.s, homo varia 
multiplicique natura, Cic. Coel. 6: cf. 
NATURE. Phr.: this qg. is implanted 
by nature, hoc natura est insitum, Cic. 
Sull. 30, 83. 4, ingénium, n. (same 
meaning): the q.s of soils, ingenia ar- 
vorum, Virg. G. 2, 177. Join: lactis 
ingenia et proprietates, Gell. 12, 1: esp. 
of mental and moral q.s: q. of mind, 
animi ing., Cic. Inv. 1, 45, 83: I have 
tried (tested) the q. of your character, 
tentavi vestrum ingenium ingenii (perh. 
intens redupl, your inmost q.s or na- 
ture), Pl. Stich. 1, 2, 69. esp. for high 
qualities: men with the most excellent 
qs, ee adeinis ingeniis homines, 
Cie, Fin. 2, 16, 51: to be urged (to shew 
respect to a person) by his fine and lofty 
q-8, Sollicitari vel ing. hominis pul- 
cherrimo et maximo, Plin. Ep. 8, 12. 
5, inddles, is, f. (inward growth) : 
usu. in stng.: (what avails) to preserve 
the q.s of (crops and cattle), ad servan- 
dam ind., Liv. 38, 17: of trees, arborum, 
Gell. 12, 1: esp. of character: the q. of 
virtue, ind. virtutis, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 16: 
youths of good q.s, adolescentes bona 


indole praediti, id. de Sen. 8, 26: chosen 
Jor a son-in-law on account of his high 
8, gener ob altam indolem adscitus, 
iv. 21, 2: (endowed) with such q.s of 
virtue and vice, cum hac indole virtutum 
atque vitiorum, id. ib. 4: pl., bonae 
animi indoles, Gell. 19, 12. 6, dos, 
otis, f., esp. in pl. (gifts of nature): 
| physical: the high q.s of grapes, magnae 
d. uvarum, Col. 3, 2, 17: intellectual 
and moral: v. ENDOWMENT: GIFT. 
7. 8. constitiitio, 7, propriétas. 7., 
specific gS: V. CONSTITUTION: PRO- 
PERTY: KIND. 9, virtus, itis, 7, 
good 4.8 of things as well as persons: vy. 
VIRTUE. 10, 11, biabilitas, /., op- 
portiinitas, f., such q.s as fit a thing or 
person for any special end: Join: 
omitto opportunitates habilitatesque 
reliqui corporis, Cic. Leg. 1,9,27. 12, 
mores, um, m.: of things, m. coeli, Virg. 
G. 1, 51: m. siderum, Plin. 18, 24, 56: 
esp. q.8 of character (in persons): cf. 
CHARACTER: MANNERS: most agreeable 
q.8, suavissimi m., Cic. Att. 16, 16, A: 
his q.8 are so tempered and harmonized, 
est ita temperatis moderatisque moribus, 
id. Fam. 12,27. Join: totam vitam, 
naturam, moresque alicujus cognoscere, 
id. Rose. Am. 38. 13, nota, #., prop. 
a mark by which the q. of a thing (esp. 
wine, etc.) is known (fr. nosco) ; hence 
the q. itself, as we use brand: to enjoy 
wine of the choicest q., beari interiore 
nota Falerni (= from the innermost 
bin), Hor. Od. 2, 3, 8: cf. id. S. 1, ro, 21, 
at sermo lingua concinnus utraque 
Suavior, ut Chio nota si commixta 
Falerni est (like the mingled q.s of Ch. 
and Fal.): the first q. of wine, vini 
optima n., Col.: vinegar of the first q., 
acetum primae n., id.: honey of the 
second q., secundae n. mel, id. 9, 15. 
Fig.: of mental and moral qs: be- 
traying the hidden q.s of his mind, pate- 
facta interiore animi sui nota, Suet. Tib. 
54: kindnesses (or services) of no com- 
| mon q., cf. quaedam beneficia non sunt 
ex hac vulgari nota, sed majora, Sen. 
Ben. 3,9. 14, In cognate sense, ndmen, 
\Inis, n. (a reputation for ae cf. ne 
vinum no. perdat, Cato, R. R. 25. 
|Join: genus et nomen (poet.): (ea 
tellus) Nec Baccho genus aut pomis sua 
nomina servat, Virg. G. 2, 240. 15. 
Phr.: noq. of, nihil, either with gen., 
or with adj.: cf. Cic, A. 1, 13, 4, nibil 
come, n. simplex, n. €v tots moAtTLKOIs 
honestum, n. illustre, n. forte, n. liberum, 
(he [Pompey ] has no q.s of, etc.). Il. 
Rank: esp. high social rank, good 
birth : 1, ldcus, m., gen. term: a 
man of the meanest q., infimo loco natus, 
Cic. Fl. 11; of the highest q., summo 
1. n., Caes. B. G. 5, 25: Liv. 1, 34: and 
without natus; ex humili lL, contr. 
with ad summam dignitatem, Caes. 
2. génus, éris, m.: with and with- 

out natus: cf. ii, qui nobili genere nati 
sunt, Cic. Verr. §, 70, 180: amplissimo 
gen. n., Caes. B. G. 4,12: of royal q., 





gen. regio n., Cic. Rep. 1, 33. Join: 
genere et nobilitate facile primus, 
id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: Join: et 


genus et virtus, nisi cum re, vilior 
alga est, Hor. S. 2, 5, 8. 3. gens, 
ntis, f.: persons of high q., quorum g. 
eminebat, Curt. 6, 4: of mean q., sine 
gente, Hor. S.2,5,15. 4, ndmen, 7: 
cf. n. habere, Cic. Brut. 69. 5, ordo, 
inis, m. Join: homo ornatissimus 
loco, ordine, nomine, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48: 
the q. of a freedman, libertini or., Suet. 
Gr. 18: for concrete sense, Vv. ORDER. 

6, 7. gridus, tis, m.: stiitus, fis, 
m.: V. DEGREE: RANK, STATION, 8, 
claritas, atis, 7., with appropriate gen. : 
cl. nominis, Hist. B. Afr. 22: cl. generis, 
Quint. 8, 6, 7: cl. natalium, Tac. H. 1, 
49: also claritido familiae, Tac. A. 15, 
33: also expr. by the adj., a man of the 
highest q., clarissimus vir, Cie. Att. 15, 
20: women of q., Clarissimae feminae, 
Ulp. Dig. 1, 9, 8. 9, nobilitas, atis, 
f.: cf. nobilitate sui municipii facile 
primus, Cic. Rosc. Am. 6: to glorify 
their q., ad illustrandam nob, suam, id. 
Brut. 16, 62: for concrete sense, v. 





QUALM 





No. IIl.—Also expr. by adjs. 10. 
nobilis: persons of. q., nobili genere 
nati, id. Verr. 5,70: a lady whose q. ts 
too well krown, mulier non solum nobilis 
sed etiam nota (an ironical parono- 
masia), id. Coel. 13: cf. NOBLE, 11. 
illustris: and comp., in the phr., illus- 
triore loco natus, Caes. B. G. 6, 19; oft 
alone, women of q., feminae illustres 
Suet. Tib. 45: he attended the funcrals 
of persons of q., quorundam illustrium 
exsequias usque ad rogum frequentavit, 
id. ib. 32. 12. conspiciius: c. femi- 
nae, Tac. H. 4, 42: also spectabilis, only 
as a title under the empire, Cod. Just. 9, 
27,5: but in Vulg. for men of high q. (or 
degree), t Paralip. xvii. 17. 13, hé- 
nestus: V. HONOURABLE. —[ff, Concrete 
the quality: a term formerly used by 
our best writers, but now vulgar: 1, 
nobilitas: a follower (or admirer) of the 
q., nobilitatis fautor, Cic. Rose. Am. 6 
cf, superbia commune nobilitatis malum, 
Sall. J. 64: with a pl. verb. id. ib. 41 
also nobiles: cf. n. nostri, Plin. Ep. 5, 
17. 2. illustres: used as a title of 
high officers under the later empire. 
Also expr. by phrr. with the above subs. 
and adjs.: but this wants the terseness 
of the one Eng. word. lV. in the 
opp. sense, low or mean q.: 1, bi- 
militas, atis, /.: h. generis ac nominis, 
Suet. Vesp. 4: and alone: cf. bh. alicujus 
despicere, Cic. Phil. 13, 10, 23: objicere 
h. alicui, Liv. 26, 31. Join: propter 
h. et obscuritatem, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45: 
superl., the lowest q. of birth, infima b. 
natalium, Plin. 18, 6, 7: expr. by adj. : 
of low q., bumiles nati, Phaedr. 1, 27, 2: 
ef. ut si parentibus nati sint humilibus, 
Cie. Am. 19, Jo. Join: h. et obscuri 
homines, Cic. Div. 1, 40, 88: ef. Vulg. 
Luc. i. 52: compar. humiliores, opp. to 
opulentiores, Hirt. B. G. 8, 51, jin.: 
superl., bumillimus homo de plebe, Liv. 
3, 19. 2, ignobilitas, atis, f.: ign. 
generis: cf. multis viris fortibus ne 
ignobilitas objiceretur, Cic. Mur. 8, 17: 
absol. Join: malorum turba quaedam, 
paupertas, ignobilitas, humilitas, id. 
Tuse. 5, 12,29. Also expr. by the ad. 
ignobilis, é: ign. vulgus, Virg. Aen. 1, 
149: a maiden of low q., ign. virgo, Ter. 
Ph. 1, 2, 70. sprung from a family of 
no mean q., eX aliqua familia non igno- 
bili, Cic. Verr. 5, 11, 28. Also by ignd- 
tus (poet.): you (don't) turn up your 
nose at men of low q., (noD) Naso sus- 
pendis adunco Ignotos, Hor. S. 1, 6, 5: 
ef. Quo patre sit natus, num ignota 
matre inhonestus, id. ib. 35. 

qualm (subs.): a sudden sensation 
of sickness, loathing, or sickly faintness, 
and fig. disgust, aversion 1, fasti- 
dium, 7., with stomachi, and alone, best 
gen. term: a loathing and q. at the 
sight of food, (Join) cibi satietas et 
fastidium, Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25: so, of 
disgust, id. de Or. 3, 25, 98: difficile 
dictu est, quaenam causa sit, cur ea quae 
maxime sensus nostros impellunt volup- 
tate, etc., ab iis celerrime fastidio quodam 
et satietate abalienemur: cf. Plin. 12, 
17, 40, nulla voluptas est quae non assi- 
duitate fastidium pariat: plur., it raises 
a great q. in the stomach, magna movet 
stomacho fastidia, Hor. S. 2, 4,72: * The 
nauseous qualms of ten long months and 
travail to requite,” Dryden, fr. Virg. EB 
4, 61, Matri longa decem tulerunt fasti- 
dia menses: to cure a q.,f. abigere, Plin. 
23,9, 81: of a q. caused by the sight of 
an object ; 
(“For who without a qualm bath ever 

looked 
On holy garbage, though by Homer 
cooked ?”’) 
ef. fig. nosti enim non modo stomachi 
mei, sed etiam oculorum, in hominum 
insolentium indignitate, fastidium, Cic. 
Fam. 2, 16: to feel a q., f. habere, id. ib, 
Causing q.s, fastididsus: cf. est res 
difficilis, ardua, fastidiosa, Plin. 6, 17: 
with a q. or qs (advly.): fastidiose, 
Q, nauséa, f. (prop. sea-sickness : 
Vv. NAUSEA): we made the passage 
without feeling a q., navigavimus sine 
nausea, Cic. Att. 5, 13: fig. es quoti- 
13 


QUALMISH 





dianam refice nauseam nummis, Mart. 
4, 37: to feel a q. at, nausev, E: pro- 
ducing q.5, nausé0sus: nauséabilis. 3, 
aocessio, f.: accessus, is, m.: impetus, 
us, m.: may be used where the idea of 
faintness prevails: as, “Some sudden 
qualm hath struck me to the heart” 
(Shaksp.); and “qualms of heart-sick 
agony” (id.): v. FAINTING, FAINTNESS- 
Phr.: “I find a cold q. come over my 
heart” (Howel), frigida corda tremunt, 
Sil. 2, 339: frigida vitai pausa (Lucr. 3, 
943), may be used for a cold and 
deadly q. 4, Fig.: a q. of con- 
science, conscientiae lkabes (siu/cings) : 
ef. (of a subverter of his country’s free- 
dom) hunc tu quas c. labes in animo 
censes habuisse ? quae vulnera? Cic. 
Off. 3, 21, 85: perh. also *conscientiae 
fastidium (by analogy, fr. stomachi and 
eculorum): to feel a q. of conscience, 
morderi conscientia, Cic. Tusc. 4. 20. 
qualmish : |. OF persons: 1, 
fastididsus: Varr. K. R. 2, 5, 15: cf. 
“Careless and qualmish, with a yawning 
face” (Dryden): and expr. by part.: 
ef. fastidiens stomachus, Sen. Ep. 2. 
2. nauséabundus, Sen. Ep. 108, 
jim.: subs. nauséatur, m.: id. Ep. 53. 
8. cridus (q. fv. indigestion: esp. 
as the consequence of excess): Hor. 8. 
3,5, 49: who feeling q. next day gorge 
themselves again, qui crudi postridie se 
rursus ingurgitent, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23: 
compar. crudior, id. Clu. 60, 128. To be 
q. at, fastidio, ivi or ii, tum, 4: omnia 
f., Hor. S. 1, 2, 115: olus, id. Ep. 1, 17, 15: 
cactos in cibis, Plin, 21, 16, 57: so “/ am 
q. at the smell of leek,” (Shaksp.), *porri 
odorem fastidio: sometimes nauséo, I 
(prop. to be sick): if he is q. without 
being sick, si sine vomitu nauseavit, 
Cels.1, 3: Fig. (both in same piece), tu, 
qui hoc jocorum legere fastidis genus, 
Phaedr. 4, 6, init.: qui consulto nau- 
seant (mace it their business to be q.), 
id. ib. fin.: Vv. SQUEAMISH. Il. Of 
things, causing sickness or disgust: fas- 
tidiendus: @ gq. smell, euphorbiae sucus 
fastidiendum odorem habet, Plin. 25, 7, 
38 : fastididsus ; nauséOsus: nauséabilis. 
qualmishness;: nausédla, /.: Cic. 
Att. 14,8: nausea molestia, Cic. Fam. 
16, IL: V. QUALM: SQUEAMISHNESS. 
quandary: Vv. DILEMMA: DIFFI- 
CULTY. 
auantitive (older form: Digby) or 
quantitative (as in g. analysis): 
*quantitivus or *quantitativus: *ad 
quantitatem pertinens. 
quantity : |. (Abstr.) the pro- 
perty of ({f. concer.) anything which 
may be conceived of as greater or less: 
(these senses are common to the Latin 
equivalents) : 1. quantitas, atis, /. 
(etym. equiv.: but not usu. the best 
trans.): g. by measure or number, q. 
modi seu numeri, Quint. 7, 4, 3: cf. 
id. 7, 5, 41: gq. of moisture, humoris 
q., Plin. 17, 24, 3%, m. 2: concer. for 
a sum of money, Ulp. Dig. 16, 2, 11: 
cf. id. ib. 30,1, 34. Also expr. by the 
adjs. quantus (what qg.), quantuscunque, 
quantusvis, quantusquantus, and the 
adus. quanto, quantum, etc., and tantus 
(such @ q.), etc. 2, nimérus (@ q. 
made up of distinct units): a great q. 
of corn, magnus n. frumenti, Cic. Verr. 
a 2H 2 8, magnitiido, inis, f.: q. 
of produce, m. fructuum, Cic. Agr. 2, 
35: gq. of money, m. pecuniae, id. Rosc. 
AM. 7: V. AMOUNT. I]. Absol. for 
a q- definite as to greatness or smallness : 
1, aliquantus: al. pecunia, Apul. 
Ap. p. 320, 1: esp. aliquantum, 7. subs. 
with part. gen.; al. agri, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 
33 and absol.; a good q. of work has 
been done (answer to a question), actum 
vero, et aliquantum quidem, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 6, 15: also (of things counted) ali- 
quot. 2. multus; esp. multum, -a, 
as n. subs. undadus.: v. MUCH: too great 
@ q. (or in too great q.) nimium multa, 
Cic. Fam. 4, 14: nimis multa, id. Fin. 
2, 18. 3, copia, f., a large q.: cf. 
nimborum c., Lucr. 6, 511: Vv. ABUND- 
ANCE. im large q., cOpidsus, and adv. 
copiose i Join: large et copiose com- 
14 





QUARREL 


parare pastum, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 121. 
4. vis, vis, f.; alone, v. lacrimarum 
(a flood of tears), Cic. Rep. 6, 14: esp. 
with magna: a great q. (a cloud) of 
dust, v. magna pulveris, Caes. B. C. 2. 
26: of gold and silver, cf. in pompa 
quum magna vis auri argentique ferre- 
tur, Cic, Tusc. 5, 32, 91. And, in the 
opp. sense, 5, aliquantiilus (tx small 
q.): @ small q. of corn, aliq. frumenti 
numerus, Hirt. B, Atr. 21: esp. m. subs. 
with gen. partit., a small q. of warm 
water, aliquantulum aquae tepidae, Suet. 
Ner. 48- of land, agri, Liv. 21, 30: cf. 
aeris alieni aliquantulum (a small 
amount of debt), Cic. Quint. 4,15. Also 
tanttilus, -um: v, LITTLE, SMALL: who 
only wants that small q. which he really 
needs, qui tantuli eget, quantum est 
opus, Hor. S. 1, 1, 59. 6, pauxillum 
and pauxillilum, v.: he had a small q. 
of money left in my hands, erat ei apud 
me reliquum pauxillulum numorum, Ter. 
Phorm. f, 1, 3. 7. mddicus, -um; v. 
MODERATE. IV. In prosody: no gen. 
term in good Latin: v. LONG, SHORT: 
the grammarians give *mensira: *quan- 
titas. 
quarantine (formerly and prop. 
quarantain: from the orig. term of 
forty days): *quadragénaria, with or 
without mora (leaving the cause to be 
understood as in Eng.): or, more fully, 
as defin. only, *mora quadragenaria in 
statione propter pestem (or, propter 
suspectam valetudinem): a tedious q., 
segnis q. (like segnis mora, Liv. 34, 9). 
To perform q., *q. agére: to be put in 
q.,. *XL. dies morari or retineri: (intr.) 
to put a skip into q., navem retinere, 
morari (trams.); or, more fully, *quad- 
ragenariam (moram) navi inferre, im- 
ponere, facere; to break q., *q. (moram) 
rumpere (like moram rumpere, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 569). 
quarrel (subs. O. E. fr. Fr. quad- 
reau, Ital. quadrella; called fr. its 
square form; origin distinct fr. foll. 
word): |. A small square or lozenge- 
shaped pane of glass: expr. by tessella, 
J. (prop. a small square of stone, Juv. 
It, 132: Sen. Q. N. 6, 31), or rhombus, 
m. (the math. fig., Front. Expos. form. 
p. 36, Goes., with vitri or vitrea [-us]): 
a q.’d casement, *fenestra tessellata. 
I]. 4 square-headed arrow or cross- 
bow bolt: *spicilum quadratum: v. 
ARROW. 
quarrel (subs. Fr. querelle, fr. Lat. 
querela = complaint), used in all shades 
of meaning, from disagreement up to 
fighting, but now in a narrower sense: 
1, jurgium, n.: gen. term (when 
confined to words): cf. ex inimicitiis 
jurgia, maledicta gignuntur, Cic. Am. 
21: to fasten a q. upon a person, jurgio 
quempiam invadere, Tac. H. 2, 53: cf. 
petulantibus jurgiis illudere, id. ib. 3, 
32: optimum quemque jurgio lacessere, 
id. A. 14, 49: to pick a q. with any one, 
jurgio contendere, and (poet.), jurgia 
nectere cum aliquo, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 35: to 
pursue vain q.s, cf. (poet.) inania jurgia 
jactas, Virg. Aen. to, 95: to be involved 
in a q. and get one’s ears boxed: cf. 
adeo ut (Agrippina) correpta jurgio, 
atque etiam manu pulsata a matre Lepi- 
dae, Suet. Galb. 5. Also, in this sense, 
altercatio, f., contentio, f.: v. DISPUTE: 
WRANGLING. 2. rixa, f. (stronger: 
V. BRAWL, FRAY): Join: turbaatque 
rixa (a collision and q. between coun- 
sel), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, 148: Join: 
corrupta jurgiis aut rixis disciplina (q.s 
or brawls), Tac. H. 2, 27, fin.: to begin 
a q.,in rixam ire, Quint. 6, 4, 13: to be 
involved in a q., in rixa esse, Liv. 4o, 
14: to have a q. with, alicui rixa est 
cum aliquo; cf. Academiae nostrae cum 
Zenone magna rf. est, Cic. Fam. 9, 22. to 
settle or end a q. (peaceably): cf. rixa 
sedata est, Liv. 2, 29: to decide a q. (by 
fighting it out), rixam transigere- cf. 
crebrae, ut inter vinolentos, rixae, raro 
conviciis, saepius caede et vulneribus, 
transiguntur, Tac. G. 22: to produce a 
q. (said of wine), r. gerere, Hor. Od. 3, 
21, 3. We may also use (in different 





QUARRY 


shades of meaning) controversia, dis- 
cordia, lis (Vv. DEBATE: DISPUTE), and 
even pugna (Vv. FIGHT). Pbhr.: to make 
up a q., reconciliare gratiam, Cic. Fam. 
5,23 concordiam, Liv. 2. 323 amicitiam 
de integro, id. 8, 2; inimicitiam invi- 
cem, Tac. G. 22. Phr. to seek a q. 
with, occasiones quaerere adversum, 
Vulg. 4 Reg. v.7 Pbhr.: to undertake 
a person's q., se partibus alicujus ad- 
jungere. See also TO QUARREL: QUAR- 
RELSOME. 

quarrel (v.): 1, jurgo, 1: act. 
trans. (to have or make a q. with ano- 
ther): pray what q will he have with 
you? (how can he q. with you on this 
ground ?), cedo, quid jurgabit tecum, 
Ter. Andr. 2, 3,15: also act. intr. and 
dep. for a mutual q. Also expr. by 
subs.: jurgio contendere cum aliquo - 
I’ve at last qd with my wife, and 
turned her out of doors, Euax! jurgio 
herele tandem uxorem abegi ab janua, 
Pl. Men. 1,2,18.  Q, altercor, 1, dep. : 
with cum: cf Labienus altercari cum 
Vatinio incipit, Caes. B. C. 3, 19: with 
inter; cf. mulierum ritu inter nos alter- 
cantes, Liv. 3,68: act., you've q.’d with 
your father, cum patre altercasti, Ter. 
Andr. 4, I, 29. 3, rixor, 1, dep.: 
witb de of the thing, and cum of the 
opp. party: cf. quum esset cum eo de 
amicula tixatus, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 240: 
also inter se (with one another). 4, 
discordo, 1: with inter se; how d’ye 
know they've q.’d? qui scis eos nunc 
disc. inter se? Ter. Andr. 3, 3, 43: 
Join: inter se dissident atque discor- 
dant, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 44: with cum, 
to q. with oneself, secum disc., id. ib. 
I, 18, 58: with adversus, cf. adversus 
ventrem (membra), Quint. 5, 11, 19: 
with abl. only, (poet.) cf. avaro parcus 
disc., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 194: zbsol., cf. neu 
discordarent, Pl. Mare. 2,1,7 We may 
also use certo, 1 (jurgiis inter se certare) : 
décerto, 1: contendo, 3: Vv. TO DISPUTE: 
TO WRANGLE. 

quarreller: 1, litigator, m.: v. 
DISPUTANT. rixator, m. (post- 
Aug.), Quint. II, I, 29: V. QUARREL- 
SOME. 

quarrelling (subs.): v. QUARREL. 

quarrelsome (quarre)'ous, 
Shaksp.): 1, jurgidsus: j. mulier, 
Gell. 1, 17: (also, late, jurgatrix, icis, f., 
Hieron. Ep. 117, 4) and jurgatorius: 
Amm. 27, I. Q. rixOsus: r. aves, 
Col. 8, 2, 5: and rixatorius, Fronto, 
Ep. M. Caes. 4, 12: also rixae cupidus. 

8. litigiosus: 1. disputatio, Cic. F. 
5, 26: esp. of persons: a@ man by no 
means q. (or not at all given to quarrel), 
homo minime lit., id. Verr. 2, 2, 14: cf. 
pertinacissimi et litigiosissimi, Aug. Ep. 
68: two old women — there's nothing 
more q. than that! duae anus, quibus 
nihil litigiosius, Sid. Ep. 8, 3. Also 
litium cupidus. 4, discordidsus: @ 
q. family, d. domus, Sid. Kp. 6, 2: cf. 
volgus seditiosum atque d., Sall. J. 66, 
5, pugnax, acis: Cic. Brut. 31, fin.: 

Plin. Ep. 2,19: Join: vehemens et p., 
Cic. de Or. 2,78. Phr.: aq. disposition 
or temper, controversa natura, Cic. Brut. 
12, 46: *indoles jurgiis addicta: *alter- 
candi or rixaudi studium or cupiditas. 
A person of q. disposition or temper, 
*altercandi or rixandi studiosus; *litium 
cupidus: also expr. by the subs. alter- 
cator, litigator, rixator: Vv. CONTEN- 
TIOUS:  DISPUTATIOUS: LITIGIOSUS: 
WRANGLING. Ina q. spirit (adv.), pug- 
naciter: cf. certare cum aliis p., Cic. 
Acad. 2, 20: p. dicere, Quint. 9, 4, 126: 
p. ferire, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, fin.: sup. pug- 
nacissime defendere sententiam, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 3. 

quarrelsomeness: _ pugnacitas, 
atis, f.: Plin. 10, 33, 51: Quint. 4, 3, z. 

quarried : |. Squared (t. t.), 
quadratus Vv. TO SQUARE, Il. Of 
stones, rough, as they come from the 
quarry, see next art. 

quarry (subs.): |. A thing of a 
square form, as a pane of glass, an 
arrow-head ; V. QUARREL. Il. 4 place 
where stones are hewn out of the rock: 


QUARRY 





1, gen. term. lipicidinae, arum, f. 
in pl. only (contr. fr. lipidicid. Fest. 
s. v.: also, lapicaed., Inscr. Orell. no. 
1243): all stones of marble are not pro- 

im q., non omnia (marmorum 
genera) in lapicidinis gignuntur, Plin. 
36, 7, 11: cf. in Chiorum lapicidinis, Cic. 
Div. 1, 13, 23. 2, lautimiae, arum./. 
(also latémiae and latiimiae: fr. Aaro- 
ptar, the stone-q.s at Syracuse, used as 
a prison, Cic, Verr. 5, 27: and the name 
transferred to a prison at Rome, Liv. 37, 
3): used as a common n. only by 
Plautus, Poen. 4, 2, 5, vel in Lautumiis 
vel in pistrino mavelim agere aetatem 
quam (I'd rather pass my life at the q.s 
or the mill - at lortland or l’enten- 
ville) : with specif. adj., latomiae lapida- 
riae, id. Capt. 3, 5,65. Phr.: aquarry- 
or quarrted- stone, caemmentum, 7., (stone 
rough from the q., opp. to hewn stones, 
quadrata saxa), cf, Vitr. 2, 7, lapicidinae, 
de quibus quadrata saxa, et caemen- 
torum ad aedificia eximuntur copiae: 
ef. Cic. Mil. 27, 74: a rough q.- stone, 
caementitium saxum, id. 2, 8° walls 
built of q.- stones, caementitiae parietes, 
id. ib.: cf. c. structurae, id. 2, 7: an 
inspector of stune-q.s, lapicidinarius, m., 
Inscr. Orell. no. 3246. ||, Game flown 
at by a hawk, accipitris praeda: and, 
more gen., praeda: v. PREY. 

quarry (v.): |. 70 q. stones: caedo, 
cécidi, caesum, 3: cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, 
147, lapis aliquis caedendus et appor- 
tandus fuit machina sua: also comps. 
(1). excido, 3 (to he out from the rock) : 
ef. Cic. Off. 2, 3, extv., lapides e terra 
ex.: Virg. Aen. 1, 428, columnas rupibus 
ex. (2). récido, 3: Hor. Od. 2, 18, 4. 

I] Yo q. upon (game): in praedam 

invéhi or invélare: v. TO FLY UPON. 

quarryman: 1. Japicida (contr. 
fr. lapidicida) ae, m.: Varr. L. L. 8, 33, 
119, § 62: Sid. Ep. 3, 12. 9, ex- 
emptor, Oris, m.: cf. Plin. 36, 15, 12, 
§ 125, marmora in lapicidinis crescere 
auctor est Papirius Fabianus; exemp- 
tores quoque adfirmant compleri sponte 
illa montium ulcera. 

quart: |. 0. E., the fourth part 
of anything, quadrans, quarta pars: v. 
QUARTER. I]. A bottle, not neces- 
sarily holding a q. (“ seal’d quarts,” opp. 
to “stone jugs,” Shaksp.): 1, quad- 
Tans (as eym. equiv., though the “re- 
puted q.” has not yet dwindled to the 
equiv. measure, v. No. IIL): a q. of 
wine, q. vini, Cels. 3, 15: waiter, bring 
a double q. (magnum) of old port, puer, 
quadrantem duplica de seniore cado, 
Mart. 9, 94 (adapted): cf. BOTTLE. 2. 
quartarius, m.: all the people brought 

rterns of meal and q.s of wine to 

ts house, cui universi selibras farri et 
quartarios vini ad aedes ejus contulerunt, 
Liv. 5,47. [I]. A measure, 1-4th of 
a gallon: duo sextarii (almost exactly) : 
as a dry measure, the same, or pars 
octava modii. N.B. the quadrans or 
quartarius was 1I-4th of the sextarius, or 
1-4th of a pint. 

quartan: recurring every fourth 
day (Roman _ reckoning = every 3 
days); used only of a quartan ague, 
febris quartana: cf. Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 24, 
tertianas febres et quartanas: he re- 
covered from a q. ague on the field of 
battle, febri quartana liberatus est in 
acie, Plin. 7, 50, 51: also, quartana, /. 
Subs.: the disease has taken the quartan 
type, in q. conversa vis morbi est, Cic. 
Fam. 16, 11: if the shivering q. (or 
ague) has left the child, frigida si pnerum 
quartana reliquerit, Hor. S. 2, 3, 290: 
to cure (or, drive away) q. agues, quar- 
tanas excutere (subj. of the medicine), 
Plin. 20, 6, 23, § 56: also, morbus quar- 
tanae: suffering from a severe q. ague, 
morbo quartanae aggravante, Suet. Caes, 
I: also, quadrini circuitfis febris, Plin. 
7,50, 51: expr. by quarta dies in Juv. 
9, 17, quem tempore longo Torret quarta 
dies, olimque domestica febris. One who 
has a q. ague, quartanarius, Schol. Juv. 
l.c.: cf. AGUE: FEVER. 

quarter (subs.): |. Vhe fourth 
part of anything: 1, quarta pars 





QUARTER 


(gen. term): a 4, 

copiarum, Caes, B. G. 3, 12: also quarta 
(subs.), esp. a q. of an estate, Quint. 8, 5, 
19: Ulp. Dig. 5, 2, 8: (half a q., octava 
pars, Cic. Att. 15, 26): hence adj. quar- 
tanarius, cf. q. tabula, Pall. 2, 11. 2. 
quadrans, tis, m.: (prop. 1-4th of some 
unit of measure or weight): with gen., 
cf. q. diei noctisque, Plin. 18, 25,57 - @ q- 
of the work, q. operis, Col. 2,4: absol. (the 
unit being understood). a q. of a foot: 
12} feet, pedes XII. et quadrantem, Gell. 
3,10: aq. of a pint (sextarius), cf. Mart. 
9, 94, Quadrantem (vers. 2) = sex cya- 
thos (vers. 4): ag. of an acre, q. (sc. 
jugeri), Col. 5,1: a q. of a pound: cf. 
mittebas libram ; quadrantem, Garrice, 
mittis, Mart. 12, 105 (here of money, 


you promised a pound, and you only | 


send a q.): with pondo (for weight), 
+ lb. of balsam, amomi pondo q., Col. 
12, 20: heir toa q. (of any estate), heres 
ex quadrante, Suet. Caes. 83: (so, Heir 
to 3 q.s, heres ex dodrante, Cic. Caec. 
6). ence adj. quadrantalis, a table 
aq. of a foot thick, mensa crassitudine 
quadrantali, Plin. 13, 15, 29. 3: 
Vitruv. alone uses the GK. tetrans, antis, 
m.(terpas = quadrans): Vitr. 3, 3, med. : 
gen. pl. heterocl., tetrantorum, ib.: te- 
trantes columnarum, id. 4, 2. 4, 
The Vulg. uses angilus, m. (for the 
sides or edges of a garment): thou shalt 
male thee fringes upon the four (a 
(Heb. wings) of thy vesture, per 1V. 
angulos pallii tui, Deut. xxii. 12,—Par- 
ticular uses:—(i.) a q. of corn (=8 
bushels), frumenti LEIY. modii (the 
modius = 1 peck, about): a q. of wheat, 
tritici LXIV. m. (cf. tritici modins, Cic. 
Div. Verr. 10, 30): (so much) per q., HS. 
—in modios LXV. (cf. HS. IL. in modios 
singulos, id. ib.). (ii.), Aq. ef an hour, 
horae quadrans: three q.s of an hour, 
horae dodrans, Plin. 2, 14, 11: a q. past, 
or to (a certain hour) (subdivisions not 
used by the Romans); perh. expr. thus, 
aq past 12, *hora V1. et quadrans, or 
q. horae VII.; a q. to three, *dodrans 
horae IX. (iii.) Aq. (of a year), spa- 
tium trimestre, Plin. 37, 10, 59. (trim. 
also as adj., a q.’s pay, etc.: V. QUAR- 
TERLY): also, tres menses, quarta pars 
anni, and quadrans anni: three q.s of a@ 
year, dodrans anni, novem menses: @ 
year and a q., annus et tres menses: 
every q., tertiv quoque mense: every 3 
gs, nono quoque mense. (iv.) A q. of 
the body of an animal, (perh.) mem- 
brum, artus; in pl. with quatuor, if 
necess., or *quatuor partes (sing. quarta 
pars) corporis: V. TO QUARTER. (V.) 
The first and third q.s of the moon: 
(N.B. prop. said of the )’s position in 
her orbit, not of her phases): no gen. 
class. term except luna dividua, Plin. 2, 
18, 16: (terms somewhat indefinite), 
the moon in her first q., cava luna, Plin.: 
1. crescens, id.: l. nascens, Hor. : in her 
last q., 1. decrescens, Plin.: 1. senescens, 
Varr.: Vv. QUADRATURE: PHASE. fj, 
In geography and meteorology, @ q. of 
the heavens or horizon (prop. the 

cardinal points, but extended to “all 
the q.s that they know i’ the shipman’s 
card,” Shaksp.): hence gen. of geogra- 
phical position or distribution : 1: 
Expr. the several qg.s by names taken 
from the daily course of the Sun and 
(for the N.) the arctic constellations : cf. 
Mela, 1, 1: omne, cui Mundi et Coeli 
nomen indidimus....partibus differt : 
unde (the g. whence) sol oritur Oriens 
nuncupatur aut Ortus; quo demergitur, 
Occidens vel Occasus; qua decurrit, 
Meridies ; ab adversa parte (the opp. q.), 
Septemtrio ; cf. ib. fin. (of the 3 q.s of 
the world, Africa, Europe, and Asia), 
quod terrarum (that q. of the world 
which): more gen., on 3 q.s or sides, tri- 
bus hance (Asiam) e partibus tangit 
Oceanus, id. 2, init.: cf. ab oriente ad 
occidentem, Cic. N. D. 2, 66: oriens, tis, 
m., also for different q.s: the q. where 
the sun rises in summer (at the sol- 
stice), oriens aestivus, Plin. 17, 14, 24: 
ef. Orientem solstitialem  aspiciant, 
Pallad. 1, 9: in winter, oriens hibernns, 





QUARTER 





of their Sorces, q. pars | Col. 1,6: in spring (at the vernal equi- 


nox), oriens vernus, Gell. 2,22: so with 
occidens: let it be turned a little away 
Sr. the q. of the winter sunset, paululum 
ab occidente avertatur biemali, Pallad. 
1,8: for the S. q. (besides méridies, Gi, 
m.), use adj.: the S. q. of the world, meri- 
dianus orbis, Plin. 13, 4, 9: also v. inf. 
(v. East, Norra, Sours, West). 2. 
Expr. by the names of the Winds (see 
sep. arts. and Smith’s Class. Dict. s. v. 
VEnTI): the Vulg. uses venti as a gen. 
tenn ; a quarters were the porters, 
etc., per IV, ventos erant ostiarii, id est, 
ad orientem, et ad occidentem, et ad 
aquilonem et ad austrum (cf. “ To the 
Jour winds, four speedy cherubim.”— 
Milton). As gen. terms use: 3. 
pars, tis, f.: for what we call a q. o/ 
the world: cf. Mela, l. c. 8. No. 1: ef. 
Varr. R. R. 1,2, 4: quum orbis terrae 
divisus sit in duas partes (into 2 q.sy 
ab Eratosthene, maxime secundum 
naturam ad meridiem versus et ad 
septentriones: et sine dubio quoniam 
salubrior pars septentrionalis quam 
meridiana (the N.ern q. is healthier than 
the S.ern): (N.B.— More specifically, Ula 
pars= Asia, and haec pars= Europa, 
ib.):—(of aspect) the land (or a field) 
which looks to the S.ern q. of the heavens, 
ager qui spectat ad meridianam coeli 
partem, id. 1, 7: fr. all q.s, ex omnibus 
p., ib.: cf. meridianam partem respiciat, 
Pallad. 1, 8: in calidis provineclis pars 
potius Septemtrionis optanda est (a N. 
ospect), id. ib. 7: more gen. (the Helvetii 
are bounded) on the one q., etc., una ex 
parte, altera ex parte, tertia, Caes. B. G. 
I, 2: 4, régio, Onis, 7. (direction) : 
(the Nile) rising from the furthest mid- 
day q. (tv. e. the extreme S8.), exoriens 
penitus media ab regione diei, Lucr. 6, 
724: the N.ern q., the S.ern q., regio 
aquilonaris, australis, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 
jin.: fr. the E.rn to the W.rn qs of the 
earth, expr. poet. by surgente a sole ad 
eum quo vespertina tepet regio, Hor. 8. 
I, 4, 30: the q. within the arctic circle, 
Tegiunes inter circulum septentrionalem 
(=ea parte, just below), Varr. 1, 2, 4: 
(perh.) for a q. of the world (Africa): 
deinde late vacat regio (or the particular 
q. of Africa in question), Mela, 1, 4, 
med.: (in wider sense) neu regio foret 
ulla suis animantibus orba (any q. of 
the earth), Ov. M. 1, 72: more specific- 
ally of a district ; that Macedonia should 
be divided into 4 q.s, M. in IV. regiones 
dividi, Liv. 45, 29: v. DISTRICT: TRACT ; 
esp. a g. (or ward) of Rome (vy. Dict. of 
Geog. art. Roma), and some other cities, 
Inscr. Orell. No. 6 (vicus, m. also in this 
sense, Cic. Mil. 24,64: V. WARD: STREET): 
in or through all q.s of the city: region- 
atim (adv.): cf. regionatim commerciis 
interruptis, Liv. 45, 30: (edidit) ludos 
regionatim Urbe tota, Suet. Caes. 39. 
vicatim (adv.): Suet. Caes. 41, med. : 
Sen. de Ira, 3,18: a city divided into 
4 qs (or wards), quadrifariam urbs 
divisa, Liv.: through the crowded or 
most frequented q.s, per frequentia urbis 
loca, Sen.: also vicinia, f., @ particular 
q- (of a city): Hor. S. 2,5, 106: id. Ep. 
I, 16, 44: Petron. 93: well-known 
through all that q., haud ignotus vici- 
niae, Liv. 5, plaga, f. (lit. a surface, 
and used esp. for a ZONE): the N. q. of 
the world (in general), p. septentrionalis, 
Plin. 16, 32, 59: the inhabitants of the 
S. q. (=S. hemisphere), omnibns in 
meridiana plaga habitantibus, id. 2, 11, 
8: a q.of the heavens, cf. coeli scrut- 
antur plagas, Poet. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 13: 
the 4 winds from the 4 q.8 of heaven, 
IV. ventis a 1V plagis coeli, Vulg. Jer. 
xlix. 36: (of a district of country) cf. 
haec est plaga contra mare, ad occi- 
dentem, id. Josh. xviii. 14. N.B. The 
Vulg. also uses angiilus (in class. writers 
only for a secluded place: cf. Ille ter- 
rarum mibi praeter omnes angulus 
ridet, Hor. Od. 2, 6, 14). the nations in 
the 4 q.s of the earth, gentes quae sunt 
super 1V. angulos terrae, Rev. xx. 8; 
cf. vidi IV. angelos stantes super IV, 
angulos terrae, tenentes IV, ventos 
615 


QUARTER 


terrae, id 7ii. 1. 6. ldcus, i, m.: 
gsu. in pl. loci, l6ca: to gather into une 
q., in unum locum convenire, Cic. Att. 
8, 6: throuyh ali q.s of the city, Romae 
per omnes locos, Sall. J. 30: cf. Galli qui 
ea loca incolerent, Caes. B. G. 2, 4: in 
those q.s, in illis locis, Vulg. Act. xvi. 3, 
xxviii. 7. Y ora, f. Join: qua- 
cumque in ora ac parte terrarum, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 66: poet., rex gelidae orae, Hor. 
I, 26, 4: (of aspect), to what q.s shrubs 
ought to be exposed, quas in oras (arbusta) 
debeant spectare, Plin. 17, 2, 2. 8. 
fines, ium, m. and f.: v. BORDER: TER- 
RITORY: nor in all thy q.s, nec in cunctis 
finibus tuis, Vulg. Ex. xiii.7. 9, terra, 
f., in pl.: cf. in quascunque terras, Cic. 
Rep. 2, 4: esp. as gen. partit.: that q. 
of the world which, quod terrarum, Mela, 
l.c., in No. 1: cf. No. 10. 10, Expr. 
by the pron. advs., eo, quo; ibi, ubi; 
inde, unde, etc., alone, or with terrarum 
or gentium (sometimes loci and -orum), 
as gen. partit:: (many exs. of the 
simple advs. in phrr. trans. by the Eng. 
advs.): to Rome or to any other q., 
Romam aliove quo, Liv. 38, 30: to what 
q-, quo gentium, Pl. Bac. 4, 7, 33; quo- 
cunque, Hor. Od. 1, 7, 25; Cic. Verr. 5, 
65: to whatever q. of the world, quoquo 
gentium, Pl. Mere. 5, 2, 17: cf. quoquo 
hinc asportabitur terrarum, certum est 
persequi, ‘ler. Ph. 3, 3, 18: from what 
q., unde gentium, Pl. Epid. 3, 4, 47: in 
what q. (colloq., where in the world), cf. 
ubi terrarnm esses, ne suspicabar qui- 
dem, Cic. Att. 5, 10: im whatever q., 
ubicunque, Hor. Od. 3, 27,13: ubicunque 
locorum vivitis, id. Ep. 1, 3, 34: ubi- 
cunque erit gentium, Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 
121: qui ubicunque terrarum sunt, id. 
Phil. 2, 44, 113: in whatever q. of the 
wide world, Join, ubicunque terrarum 
et gentium violatum jus civium Ho- 
manorum sit, id. Verr. 5, 55, 143: in 
what q. of the world are we living ? 
ubinam gentium sumus? id. Cat. 1, 4, 9: 
in no q. of the world, nusquam gentium, 
Ter. Ad. 4,2, 1: to whatever q. you please, 
quovis gentium, id. Heaut. 5,1, 55: you 
dwell in a remote q., tu abes longe gen- 
tium, Cic. Att. 6, 3: from every 4q., 
undique : cf. omnes undique copiae con- 
feruntur, Cic. Rep. 3, 17: they came to 
him from every q., conveniebant ad enm 
undique, Vulg. Marc. i. 45: to collect 





QUARTER 


venia, 7. (pardon) : cf. paucis data venia, 
qni inermes in deditionem venerunt 
(q. being given to a few who threw down 
their arms and asked it, Liv. 2, 30): cf. 
veniam impetrare a victoribus, id. 37, 
45: itis but fair that one who cries for 
q. should grant it in his turn, aequum 
est veniam poscentem reddere rursus, 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 75 (adapted): and in 
secondary sense of forbearance (as, to 
give no q. to a crime): cf. cui nox apud 
Senatum maximorum scelerum venia ad 
ignoscendum duci possit, Cic. Pis. 41, 
98. 5, déditio, onis, f. (surrender, 
capitulation), with suitable verbs: to 
ask for q., in d. venire, Liv. 1. c. No. 4, 
d. facere (hosti), Sall.: to gran¢t q., in d. 
accipere, Caes. B, G. 1, 28 : recipere, id. 
ibs sy20 6, To give or grant q.: 
parco, péperci (parsi), parcitum (par- 
sum) 3, alicui, or vitae alicujus: cf. p. 
subjectis, Virg. Aen. 6, 854: cf. petunt 
atque orant ut sibi parcat, Caes. B. G. 
6, 9: to give no q., nemini p., Curt.: cf. 
non aetate confectis, non mulieribus, 
non infantibus pepercerunt, Caes. B. G. 
4, 28. The exclamation, Quarter ! 
*parce! parcite! (by analogy). 7, 
Other Phrr.: (i.) To ask for q., manus 
dare : cf. manus vobis do, Pl. Pers. 5, 2, 
72: cf. aut vicissent, aut victi manum 
dedissent, Nep. Ham. 1: manum tol- 
lére (to lift up the hand in sign of sur- 
render): cf. cedo, et tollo manum, Cic. 
frag. in Lact. 3, 28: manus tendére: ef. 
ad legatos atque exercitum supplices 


|} manus tendunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 11: ef. 


(fig.) vobis supplex manus tendit patria 
communis, Cic. Cat. 4,9, 18: to cry for 
q. while still unhurt, cf. partim inter- 
ficiuntur, partim integri procumbunt, 
Caes.: (ironically) éill he cries for q. 
with uplifted hands, donec “Ohe jam ‘” 
ad coelum manibus sublatis, dixerit, 
Hor. 8. 2, 5, 96. (ii.) To give q.: he 
granted q. to the rest, a ceteris abstinuit, 
Liv. (iii.) To give no q., neminem 
vivum relinquére, id.: no q. was given, 
non in proeliis temperatum est, id. : 
Phrr. with caedo, caedes, internecio: 
he urged his soldiers to kill and give 
no q., orabat insisterent caedibus, ‘Tac. 


| A. 2, 21: no q. being given, omnibus 


from all q.s, undique cogere (familiam), | 


Caes. B. G. 1, 4: from what q. soever, 
undecunque: in tmesi; poet.; unde 
vacefit cunque locus, Lucr. 6, 1016: cf. 
undecunque moti sunt (fluctus), Sen. 
Vit. Beat. 29, med. : with gentium, unde- 
cunque gentium venissent, Vop. Firm 
14: expr. also by adjs.: 
could the wind blow from any q. so as 


to prevent, neque ullus flare ventus 


poterat, quin, Caes. B. C. 3, 47. Expr. 
by the persons in the g.: while he passed 
through all q.s, dum pertransiret uni- 
versos, Vulg, Act. ix. 32: and so with 
prop. names. Note, in the sense of 
direction the Vulg. uses via: every one 
to his q., unusquisque in viam suam er- 
raverunt, Is. xlvii. 15 (cf. id. lvi. 11). 

Il]. Hence abode, lodging, station 
(very rare in sing.): Vv. QUARTERS. 

IV. The grant of life to a con- 
quered enemy: no specific word: the 
foll. may sometimes serve: 1, salus, 
itis, f.: cf. they ask q., and, laying 
down their arms, throw themselves on 
the general's protection, * ab eo salutem 
petunt: armis positis ad imperatoris 
fidem confugiunt. 2. missio, dnis, 7. 
(letting go): they fought, neither asking 
nor giving q., sine missione pugnatum 
est, Flor. 3, 20, fin.: a gladiatorial 
Show without q. (a outrance), specta- 
culum sine missione, Liv. 1, 20. and, in 
secondary sense, to grant q. to (=let 
off): cf. missionem puero dedit, Petr. 
52. 3, vila, f.: to grant q., vitam 
dare, Ov. (cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 5): to beg or 
cry for q., vitam orare, Virg.: v. poscere, 
Ov.: pro vita orare (Phaedr.) or sup- 
plicare. to receive q., v. accipere: cf. 
cum libentius vitam victor jam daret, 
quam ae acciperent, Vell. 2, 52. 

1 


Phr.: zor | 





4, | MEMBER). 


caesis, Liv.: as g. was given neither to 
age nor sex, promiscua omnium generum 
caede, id. 2, 30: no gq. was giver toa 
single man, ad internecionem caesi sunt, 
id. 9, 26: they fought without q. on 
either side, armis inter se ad inlter- 
necionem concurrerunt, Suet. Oth. 12. 
quarter (.), also the subs. in phrr. 
= verb: |. Yo divide into 4 parts, 
or q.s (and sometimes indef. = To PaRT: 
cf. TO DIVIDE: TO CUT . TO CLEAVE, etc.): 
expr. by verbs of these meanings, usu. 
with in IV. partes, quadrifariam, adv., 
or quadrifidus (adj.), as: A, In gen. 
sense: J, divido, visi, visum, 3: qua- 
drifariam div.: cf. conjurati quadrifa- 
riam se diviserunt, Liv. 38, r- in IV. 
partes div. (like Gallia in III. partes 
divisa est, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: vicus in IL. 
partes flumine dividebatur, id. ib. 3, 1): 
ef. qui (fluvius) inde dividitur in IV. 
capita, Vulg. Gen. ii. ro: ef. diviserunt 
sibi (among them) vestimenta mea, 
Vulg. Ps. xxi. 9 (xxii. 18), compared 
with id. Matt. xxvii. 35; Marc. xv. 243 
Lue. xxiii. 34; Joh. xix. 23, et fecernnt 
IV. partes. 2. dispertio, ivi or ii, 
itum, 4, tog. in the way of distribution : 
(and sometimes the simple partio): cf. 
epulas trifariam semper, interdum qua- 
drifariam dispertiebet, Suet. Vit. 13: 
(fig., to divide into 4 heads), cf. ea quae 
ad mortales pertinent quadrifariam dis- 
pertirem, in homines, in loca, in tem- 
pora, in res, Varr. in Non. 92, 16. 3. 
distribiio, ti, itum, 3: in IV. partes 
dist. (like reliquum populum distribuit 
in V. classes, Cic. Rep. 2, 22: copias in 
III. partes, Caes. B.G. 6, 32: cf. No. IL.). 
B. By violent action: to cut, cleave, 
tear, etc., into q.s: Esp. to q. the human 
body, and usu. as a mode of execution : 
(including the gen. sense of cutting up, 
or tearing limb from limb: cf. TO Dis- 
1. scindo, scidi, scissum, 3: 











QUARTERED 





he cleft the oak into 4 q.s with wedges, 
quadrifidam quercum cuneis scindebat, 
Virg. Aen. 7, 509: ef. Vulg. Joh. xix. 
23, non scindamus eam (tunicam): also 
comp, discindo. Also findo, 3; and 
comp. diffindo. 9, séco, ti, ctum, I. 
Join. tog. and divide among them the 
body, secare atque partiri corpus (of a 
debtor to several creditors), Gell. 20, 1: 
comp. disséco (like, multos medios dis. 
Suet. Cal. 27), and gen. expr. by verbs 
signifying To cur cf. corpus in partes 
CIV.) concidere, Petron. 141, 2. 3, 
divido, 3. Join: si omne animal secari 
ac dividi potest (cut up and q.’d), Cic. 
N. D. 3, 12 (adapted): to chop inte 
4 q.8, Quadrifariam aliquem securi div. 
(by analogy to Hor. S. 1, 1, 100, at 
hunc liberta securi divisit medium). 

4, distraho, xi, ctum, 3: esp. of 
the case of Mettius Fufetius (though, 
strictly, he was halved, not q.’d, but the 
idea is exactly parallel): v. Liv. 1, 28, 
and Varr. in Non. 287, 22: your body 
shall be severed into q.s, corpus passim 
distrahendum dabis, Liv. J. c.: to q. @ 
criminal and expose the q.s: ef. in 
partes duas [substitute 1V.] distractum 
ab utroque viae latere posuit, Sen. de 
Tra, 5, 16, fin. Join: membra divellere 
ac distrah., Cic. Sull. 20, ad jin. 5, 
diripio, ti, reptum, 3, to tear in q.sé 
cf. Pentheum diripuisse aiunt Bacchas, 
PL. Mere. 2, 4, 1: cf. Sunt membra viri 
manibus direpta nefandis, Ov. M. 3, 731. 

6. discerpo, psi, ptum, 3, to tear 
@ person into q.s, aliquem, Liv. 1, 16: 
@ carcass, cadaver, Suet. Dom. 15: @ 
bird, avem, id. Caes. 81: cf. membra 
gruis, disc., Hor. S. 2, 8, 86. Join (fig.), 
animus nec secerni nec dividi nec dis- 
cerpi nec distrahi potest, Cic. Tusc. 1, 
29,71. ‘J, lacéro, 1: to q. slowly limb 
by limb, paulatim et per singulos artus 
lac., Sen. de Ira, 3, 18: and dilacéro: 
also linio, 1, and dilinio (fo rend in q.s, 
Tare), 8, déartiio, 1, to g. limb from 
limb (very rare): (fig.) PL Capt. 3, 4, 
108: cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 14. 9, excarni- 
fico, 1 (rare): Cic. N. D. 3, 33, ad fin. : 
Suet. Vit. 173 I]. Trans. : to pro- 
vide q.s for (a person, army, eic.), intr. 
to take up one’s q.s with, to be q.’d upon: 
V. QUARTERS. Ill, In heraldry : to q. 
arms: AA, of the herald, *insignia per 
scutum ordinare, dividere, disponere, 
partiri: B, of the bearer, *insignia 
sumere ; sibi accommodare; in scutum 
suum reponere. 

quarter-day: 1. Expr. by the 
specific date in each case: Lady-day 
(March 25), *dies annunciationis (med. 
Lat.), or a. d. VIII. Kal. April.: Mid- 
summer-day (June 24), *dies summae 
or mediae aestatis (Vv. MIDSUMMER), *d. 
S. Johannis Baptistae, or a. d. VILL. Kal, 
Jul.: Michaelmas-day (Sept. 29), *dies 
S. Michaelis, or a. d. II. Kal. Octobr.: 
Christmas-day (Dec. 25), *(Christi, expr. 
or und.) dies natalis: *(Domini) nata- 
litia: a.d. VIII. Kal. Jan. Q, perb. ag 
gen. term : * dies (terminus) trimestris - 
Vv. TERM. 

— deck: puppis, is, 7, best word 
in the few cases in which it may be 
necessary, use some epithet to distin- 
guish q.-d. and poop: cf. celsa puppis 
Virg. Aen. 4, 554: ib. 10, 261. 

—— master: |. in the army: 
castrorum métator, Cic. Phil. 11, 5: 
Tationis castrensis tabularius, Inser, 

I]. Zn the navy (no genuine Lat. 
equiv.): perh. *praefectus cavernae (or 
-is): v. HOLD, No. II. 

— sessions: *conventus (juri- 
dicus) trimestris (sing. and pl.): v 
SESSIONS. 

— staff: fustis, is, m., seems best: 
v. CUDGEL: perh. bactlum, m. (or, -us, 
m.): V. STAFF: STICK: to fight, play, or 
strike with a q.-s., fusti batiare (rare), 
Suet. Cal. 32 and 54. 

quarterage: @ quarterly allowance 
or payment: *pensio trimestris: v. 
QUARTER: QUARTERLY. ; 

quartered (adj.): _ |, Divided into 
quarters: 1, quadrifidus: stakes q.'d, 


| q. sudes, Virg. G. 2, 25: also quadri- 








QUARTERING 





QUARTERS 


QUARTERS 





partitus, ‘T'ac. A. 13, 39; id. H. 5, 20: 
and quadrifarius: cf. QUARTERLY. 2, 
(of the human body) distractus: cf. 
turbatis distractus equis (of Hippolytus, 
but may be used more gen.), Virg. Aen. 
4,67: also other particips.: v. TO QUAR- 
TER. |], Lodged (of guests and troops) : 
V. QUARTERS. Wh. Jn heraldry: v. 
TO QuaRTER, No. ILI. 
quartering (subs.): J, A division 
(or dividing) into four parts: quadri- 
partitio, f. Varr. L. L. 5, 1, § 11: qua- 
drifaria divisio: v. QUARTERLY. For 
the g. of the human body (as in an 
execution), we may use the more gen. 
term liniatio, /.: beheadings (or hang- 
ings) and q.s, caedes hominum et lania- 
tiones, Sen. Clem. 2, 4: cf. sectio et par- 
titio corporis humani, Gell. 20, 1: also 
expr. by the verbs given in TO QUARTER, 
Il. Of guests : réceptio, f. : of troops, 
déductio, f.: cf. in oppida militum de- 
ductio (where perh. settling as colonists 
is meant), Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62: v. QUAR- 
TERS. jj. Quarterings (in heraldry): 
*insignia: *scuti partes: a gentleman 
of 16 quarters, * nobilis in scuto XVI. 
partes gerens. 
quarterly (adj.): |. Containing 
a quarter: or, consisting of, or divided 
into, 4 parts. 1, Gen. quadripartitus: 
the q. changes of the seasons, commuta- 
tiones temporum q., Cic. Tuse. 1, 28, 68: 
also, quadrifarius: cf. q. divisio, Cass. 
Varr. 3, 51: also, quadrifidus: cf. (fig.) 
q. labor, Claud. Cons. Probr. et Olybr. 
268. 2. specific case: containing a 
q- of @ year: trimestris: trimestre spa- 
tium (a period of three months), Plin. 37, 
10, 59. |. Recurring every q. of a 
year: *tertio quoque mense (by ana- 
logy): or rather, according to the Latin 
computation, *quarto quoque mense 
(every 4th month, ¢.¢. at the end of 
every three): also perh. trimestris: @ q. 
account or settlement of money, * ratio, 
computatio, trimestris: *ratio tertio quo- 
que mense confecta: a q. payment, 7. é. 
() a q.’s pay, * quarta pars annuae mer- 
cedis : (2) a sum to be paid q.. pensiones 
irimestres (Ai.) : *pecunia tertio quoque 
mense solvenda, or quolibet spatio tri- 
mestri (Ai.), or tertio quoque mense. 
quarterly (adv.): ‘|, Ingen.sense, 
quarters: quadrifariam (v. supra); 
quadrifariter, Paul. Dig. 38, 10, 10, § 14: 
quadripartito, Col. 4, 26, 3. I, Bvery 
three months: *quarto quoque mense 
(like quinto quoque anuo, every four 
years: Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56): to make up 
an account q.ly, quarto post mense ra- 
tionem ductare (cf. Pl. Am. 2, 2, 38); 
or, ducere, Cie VYerr. 2, 2, 523 or, inire, 
Caes. B. G. 9, 71 (ef. id. ib. 6, 19, the ace. 
is made up, ratio habetur) : to render, etc., 
quarto post mense r. reddere, Pl. Men. 
edge 285 reterre, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39; 
rationes referre, id. ib. 5, 24. 
quartern: @ measure of capacity: 
|. Of liquids: 1-4th of a pint (—a 
gill): 1, quartarius, m. (1-4th of the 
sextarius, which was almost a pint, v. 
Dict. of Antiq.): a q. of wine, q. vini, 
Liv. 5, 47. 2. quadrans, antis, m. : 
q. vini, Cels. 3, 15. Il. Of solids: 
(1) of flour (= 1-4th of a peck, by mea- 
sure, or t-4th of a stone, 7. e. 3+ lbs. 
by weight), quartarius farris, Plin. 18, 
3, 3 (the etym. equiv. in the sense of 
a quarter of the unit understood): more 
exactly (as equiv. measure) *quadrans 
modii, or *quarta pars modii: (2) a 
quartern loaf (= 4 lbs. of bread), panis 
quadrilibris: cf. Pl. Aul. 5, 2. 
quarters (a pl. indef.): an abode 
or lodging (esp. temporary): |, Gen., 
of a guest, lodger, ete.: 1, hospitium, 
n., most gen. term: to give any one qs., 
provide qs. for him (or him with qs.), 
put him in qs., alicui h. praebere: you 
shall have qs. here in my house, hic apud 
me h. tibi praebebitur, Pl. Poen. 5, 2, 
93: alicui h. parare: cf. Piliae paratum 
est h., Cie. Att. 14, 2: aliquem hospitio 
aceipere: we'll give you country qs., te 
in Arpinati videbimus, et hospitio agresti 
accipiemus, id. ib. 2, 16: qs. at the sea- 
side, maritimum h., ib. : (humorously) 








I'll be provided with qs. at the public 
cost (the government ‘ll find me qs.) 
hospitio publicitus accipiar, Pl. Aul. 1, 
1, 8 (i.e. in carcere, ib. 3): also re- 
cipére: cf. domum ad se quisque cupi- 
dissime rec, Caes. B. C. 2, 20: also 
excipere: cf. hospitaliter excipere, Curt. 
7, 6, med,: aliquem in h. deducére: 
being conducted to his qs. in a grove, 
deductus in nemorosum h., Plin. 35, 11, 
38: (cf. illam ipsam sedem hospitalem, 
in quam erit deductus, id, Agr. 2, 17, 
46): to offer qs. to, hospitio invitare, 
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 23: to seek qs., h. adire: 
he sought qs. at several private houses, 
hospitia singulorum adiit, Suet. Ner. 47. 
To jind qs., to take up one's qs., to be 
quartered : expr. by the passives, hos- 
pitio accipi, recipi, excipi, deduci; or 
without hospitio; the house of a great 
man, in which many guests ave to be 
quartered, in domo clari hominis, im 
quam hospites multi recipiendi, Cic. Off. 
1. 39, 139: to be quartered upon (have qs. 
with) any one as one’s host, deduci ad 
hospitem: cf. deducitur iste ad Jani- 
torem quendam hospitem, Cic. Verr. 2, 
I, 24, 63: hospitor, 1, dep. (rare), Cod. 
Theod. 7, 8,4. Also expr. by the derivus. : 
hospitalitas, f.: fig. (the soul) is here as 
an exile in temporary qs., lege tempo- 
ralis hospitalitatis hic exsulat, Macrob. 
Somn. Scip. 1, 21, jin.: guests’ qs., hos- 
pitalia, ium, Vitruv. 6,10. 2, mausio, 
Onis, f.: (a well-planned house) should 
have qs. both for summer and for 
winter (t. €. suitable rooms), ut et aes- 
tati et hiemi praebeat mansiones: quae 
hiemi parantur, etc., Pallad. 1, 9: cf. 
aestivae mansiones, ib. (Note: biberna- 
cula, winter-qs., used for winter apart- 
ments in a house, Vitr. 1, 2, fim. : Plin. Ep. 
2,17.) Esp. of a night’s qs. on a journey : 
cf. ad primam statim mansionem febrim 
nactus, Suet. Tib. 10: (humorously), 
sorry, bad, evil qs. (e. g. the stocks, pil- 
lory, or gaol), mala mansio (a punish- 
ment in which the culprit was stretched 
out and tied to a board), Ulp. Dig. 47, 
10, 15. Abstr.: a quartering, or talcing 


A oe . | 
up one’s qs., mansio Formiis, Cie. Att. 


9,5. To pay for one’s qs., pretium man- 
sionis persolvere (alicui). Note: also 
stativa, drum, . pl. (orig. stativae man- 
siones, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 45), qs. where 
a traveller stays: cf. stativis dies absu- 
muntur, Plin. 6, 23, 26 § 103. 3: 
tectum, . (house): in acc. with in: give 
me qs., recipe me in t., PL. Rud. 2, 7, 16: 
in abl. with in: in tecto, id. Stich. 5, 4, 
3: in abl. only; ut tuo recipias tecto 
servesque nos, id. Rud. 1, 5, 18: ef. 
tectis ac sedibus suis recipiendis, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 33,90: depart to your qs.! vos 
in vestra tecta discedite, id. Cat. 3, 12,29: 
expr. by other such words, e. g. domus, 
domicilium: v. HOME, HOUSE. 4, habi- 
tatio, f. (rare): I beg you to find him 
qs., peto a te ut ei de habitatione accom- 
modes, Cic. Fam. 13, 2: the cost of qs., 
sumptus habitationis, id.gCoel. 7, 17: v. 
ABODE.  §, seédes, is, f. (a jfixt abode): 
cf. nota quae sedes fuerat columbis, 
Hor. Od. 1, 2, 10: ef. Tibur sit meae 
sedis utinam senectae, id. ib. 2, 6, 6: 
(in the sense of head-qs.), cf. quod 
Jupiter G M. suam sedem atque arcem 
tutatus esset, Liv. 5, 50: in geog. 
sense: cf. ultra hos Chatti initium 
sedis inchoant, Tac. G. 30: esp. in plur.: 
Cic. Rep. 2, 4: to seek other qs., aliud 
domicilium, alias sedes petere, Caes. B.G, 
I, 3t: Join: sedes regionesque, id, ib. 
» 4: consecrated qs., sedes sanctae, Cic. 

ep. 5,5. In same sense, statio, f.: cf. 
Athenis statio mea nunc placet, Cic. Att. 
6,9, fin. Join: sedes statioque : (poet.) 
Principio sedes apibus statioque petenda, 
Virg. G. 4, 8. 6. Phrr. with verbs: 
(i.) récipio, 3: to give any one qs. in 
one’s house, ad tectum r., v. sup.: ali- 
quem domum suam, Cic. Arch. 3, 5. 
Absol.: most were concealed by those 
who had given them qs., plerosque hi, 
qui receperant, celant (bist. pres.), Caes. 
B. C. 1, 76. (ii.) colléco, 1 (to quarter, 
give qs. to): to rter any one in a 
chamber, aliquem in cubili .coll., Cic. 


Tusc. 2, 17, 39: taking up their qs. al 
Capua, in the very home of pride and 
the chief seat of luxury, Capuae, in do- 
micilio superbiae atque in sedibus lux 
uriae collocati, id. Agr. 2, 35,97: to be 
quartered upon (find qs. with) a host, 
collocari apud hospitem: cf. comites 
ejus apud ceteros hospites collocantur, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 24, 63: with Adyv., cf. 
quos ibi (in a town named)....victos 
Caesar collocaverat, Caes. B.G. 4,9: Vv. D0 
SETTLE. (Colloq. phr.), to put into close 
qs. (pack close), cf. angustius milites col- 
locavit (on board ship), Cues. B. G. 5, 23. 
(iii.) habito, 1 (to fix one’s gs. or abode) : 
apud aliquem, Cic. Acad. 2, 36, 115: 
cum aliquo, id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, 64: to 
occupy subterranean qs., sub terra h., 
id. N. D. 2, 37, 95: Amphitryon is quar- 
tered in yonder house, in illisce habitat 
aedibus Amphitruo, Pl. Am. prol. 97: 
to take up his qs. there, cf. in quam 
(partem regiae) ipse habitandi causa 
initio erat inductus, Caes. B. C. 3, 112: 
I went into country quarters, rus babi- 
tatum abii, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 27: v. TO 
DWELL: TO sTayY. (iv.) déverto, 3, and 
Jreq. déversor, 1, dep.: to quarter one- 
self upon (take up one’s qs. with), d. 
apud aliquem (sometimes with in hospi- 
tium), or in alicujus domo: v.70 PuT 
UP WITH. (vV.) consido, sédi, sessum, 3: 
till I fix my qs. somewhere, antequam 
aliquo loco consedero, Cic. Att. 5, 14: v. 
TO SETTLE. (vi.) commoror, I, dep. : 
apud aliquem, Cic. Manil. 5, fin.: cir- 
cum istaec loca, Pomp. in Cic. Ait. 8, 
12, C.: an inn for our qs. (or to quarter 
in), not a place for our abode, commo- 
randi natura devorsorium nobis, non 
habitandi locum dedit, id. de Sen. 23, 
84. (vii.) immigro, 1 (esp. of a removal): 
cf. (fig.) animus quum repente in tam 
insolitum domicilium immigravit, id. 
Tusc. 1, 24, 58: with adv.: cf. ubi illo 
(in aedes) immigrat, Pl. Most. 1, 2, 23. 
|]. Lhe quarters of troops (cap, 
barrack, cantonment, or when billeted in 
houses) : 1, castra, drum, n. pl.: v. 
cAMP: the qs. of the praetorian guard, 
castra Praetorianorum, Suet. Tib. 37: 
Tac. A. 4,2: lo inspect the qs. which were 
preparing for the legions to winter in, ad 
visenda castra quae hiematuris legioni- 
bus erigebantur, Tac. H. 5, 22: in the 
same qs., in iisdem castris, Liv.: to 
take up one’s qs., castra locare, Liv. 1, 
| 14: to break up one’s qs. c. Movere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 44: with ex of the place: 
cf. postero die castra ex eo loco movent, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 15: e castris signa movere, 
Liv. 1,14: to push them forward, c. pro- 
movere, ib. 48: to beat up (an enemy's) 
qs., invadere castra, Liv. 10, 35: cf. im- 
proviso in castra irrumpere, Cic. Div. 1, 
24, 50: tocarry the fight into the enemy's 
qs., cf. jam in castra proelium intulerat, 
Liv. 4, 29: to keep one’s men within their 
qs., cf. suos omnes in castris continuit, 
Caes. B.C. 3, 30: exercitum castris cont., 
id. B. G. 1, 48: ex. cont. (only), Liv 
28, 2: among a people, cf. Catinenses 
apud quos ex. continebat, Frontin.: the 
several qs. of @ camp, castrorum partes, 
Liv. 41,5. More specifically: (i.) castra 
stativa (permanent qs.): he fixed his 
qs. ut, etc., pulcherrimo Syracusarum 
loco stativa sibi castra faciebat, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 12, 29: hampered by his booty, 
he kept to his qs., illigavus praeda sta- 
tivis castris adhaerebat, Tac. Ann, 3, 21 
both generals advance from their qSq 
uterque eormn ex ¢, s. exercitum edu- 
cunt, Caes. B. C. 3, 30: absol. stitiva, 
drum, 7. (once stativae, sc. Mansiones, 
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 45): in those qs. sup- 
plies came in freely enough, in iis Sta 
tivis satis liberi commeatus erant, Liv, 
I, 57: changes of qs., Stativorum muta- 
tiones, Tac. H. 1,66. (ii.) aestiva castra 
(lit. summer-camp, i. e. the qs. of an 
army in the field): he fell sick and 
died in his qs., supremum diem morbo 
obiit in aestivis castris, Suet. Cl. 1: 
Tac.: but usu. absol. aestiva, drum, 
n, pl.: Caes.: while we are in qs. (epist. 
past), dum in aestivis nos essemus, Cic. 
Att. 5, 17, 3: (ironically, of sea 
17 








QUARTERS 


chosen for pleasure), those summer qs. 
of the praetor’s, illa aestiva praetoris, id. 
Verr. 5, 37, 96: he used to put the rest 
into winter and summer qs. etc., reli- 
quas (sc. cohortes) in hiberna et aestiva 
circa finitima oppida dimittere assuerat, 
Suet. Aug. 49. (iii.) castra hiberna 
(winter quarters : a winter camp): Vac.: 
cf. et (jam enim hiems instahat) c. hb. 
in promontorio communit, Liv. 29, 35: 
usu. absol. hiberna, drum, 7. pl.: cf. ibi 
hiberna aedificavit, id. 23, 48: cf. neque 
frumenta in hibernis erant, Caes. B.C. 
I, 48: to be in winter qs., in h. esse, 
also expr. by verbs, biberno, 1 (prop. 
trans. to fiz one’s winter qs.), with dat. 
of place, cf. hibernat Nemetocennae, 
Caes. B. (s. 8, 46 (TO WINTER): no sooner 
are the soldiers in winter qs., jam vero 
quemadmodum milites hibernent, Cic. 
Manil. 13, 39: and hiémo, 1: with 
circum and acc. of place: cf. ipse cum 
Hil. legionibus cireum Samarobrivam 
trinis hibernis hiemare constituit, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 53: to lead out of winter qs., ex 
hib. educ+re: cf. tres (legiones), quae 
circa Aquileiam hiemabant, ex hibernis 
educit, Caes. B. G. 1, to: to put into 
winter qs., in hiberna dédicére, mittére, 
dimittére: and in hibernis collécare, com- 
ponére: dédiico, with in and acc. of the 
place: cf. in h. in Sequanos (among, or 
in the country of): exercitum deduxit, 
id. ib. 1, 54, fin.: the new levies were 
put in winter qs.,in biberna novi milites 
deducti, Liv. 24, 20: on the retirement 
of the army into qs., deducto exercitu, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 43: colldco, with in and 
abl.: ef. exercitum reduxit et in Aulercis 
Lexoviisque, reliquis item civitatibus, 
in hibernis collucavit, id. ib. 3, 2g: mit- 
tere: cf. legiones in hiberna mittit, id. 
ib. 7, 90: dimittere in hiberna (to 
quarter im separate divisions), Suet. 
Aug. 49, sup. cit.: (Cie. also uses mitto, 
Prov. Cons. 3, 5: and admitto, Fam. 15, 
4, 7): in hibernis legiones componere, 
Sall.: to fix the winter qs., hiberna con- 
stituere: cf. hiberna omnium legionum 
in Belgis const., Caes. B. G. 4, 38: to 
send into winter qs. (in the sense of 
distributing or billeting the soldiers), 
exercitum dispertire, disponére, distri- 
buére, dividére: cf. exercitum per oppida 
dispertit, Liv. 29, 1: legiones in Appulia 
hibernorum causa disposuerat, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 14: ef. legiones Narbone cir- 
cumque ea loca biemandi causa disp., 
id. ib. 1, 37: disp. also to quarter, in 
gen.: cf. equites per oram maritimam 
disp., id.: verbs used together; cf. Nu- 
midas in hiberna in proximis Ihessalis 
urbibus distributt ; et partem exercitus 
item per totam Thessaliain divisit, ut 
hiberna commoda omnes haberent, Liv. 
43, 67: to quarter throughout the pro- 
vinces, legiones et auxilia provinciatim 
distrib., Suet. Aug. 49: wpon the several 
cities, or states (of Spain), exercitum 
omnem passim in civitates dividere, 
Liv. 27, 2: per civitates in hiberna div., 
Justin. : to withdraw (or, retire) into 
winter qs., cf. in hiberna concesserant 
diversi (on both sides), Liv. 26, 20: (the 
general) visited the winter qs. of the 
army, hiberna exercitus adiit, ib.: to 
break up from winter qs., ex hibernis 
(exercitum) movere, Liv.: Curt. Lying 
in winter qs. hibernus (adj.): ct. 
legiones hibernae, Suet. Cal. 8. (N.B— 
The permanent qrs. of a particular 
legion are denoted by its title, which 
sometimes became a geographical name, 
as Legio VII. Gemina, Leon, in Spain.) 
Dimin., bibernactila: cf. bh. Carthagi- 
niensium lignea ferme tota erant (the 
huts in their winter qs.), Liv. 30, 3: 
with rémittere in) the summer being 
ar advanced, some of the legions were 
dismissed by land into winter qs., aestate 
jam adulta legionum aliae itinere ter- 
restri in hib. remissae, Tac. A. 2, 23: 
in hib. deducere, Inscr. Also, hiémalia, 
ium, 7. pl. (rare): to settle the summer 
and winter qs., biemalia atque aestiva 
disponere, Val. ap. Vop. Aur. 11. De 
tectum, m. and pl.: used of qs. in a 
tewn: eo give qs. to, tecto (-is), recIpere : 
18 


QUARTERS 


(said of Capua) to give our armies qs. in 
her houses and homes, ad exercitus tectis 
et sedibus suis recipiendos, Cic. Agr. 2. 
33, gO: to be q.d upon (a town, or house, 
or host), (milites) in tecto receptos esse. 

8. hospitium, m. (and pl.), esp. qs. 
in houses and inns: to q. soldiers (or 
put them in qs.), milites in hospitia de- 
ducere; per h. disponere ; or dispergere 
(of scattered qs.): the praetorian guards, 
hitherto q.'d loosely about the imns (or 
houses), praetorianae cohortes, vagae 
ante id tempus et per hospitia dispersae, 
Suet. Tib. 37: to give qs., hospitio re- 
cipere: every citizen was eager to give 
them qs. in his house, ut domum ad se 
quisque hospitio cupidissime reciperet, 
Caes. B. C. 2,20. Phr.: to take up qs., 
consido, 3: ef. (legio) sese Hispalim re- 
cepit atque in foro et porticibus sine 
maleficio consedit, ib. Phr.: to q. two 
(soldiers) on each householder, distribuere 
binos singulis patribus familiarum, Cic. 
Att. 7, 14. 4, praesidium, 7., the qs. 
of an army (not only in garrison and 
other posts—cf. GARRISON, PosT—but 
also) in the field, esp. in pl.: in distant 
qs., procul in praesidio fuit, Nep. Timol. 
1: legums draun from the nearest qs., 
ef. cohortes, quas ex proximis praesidlis 
deductas fors obtulit, Cues. B. G. 7, 87: 
(with specific reference to civil war: 
like “he was out in the 45”): you 
were in qs. (with the army), in praesidio 
eratis, Cic. Lig. 9, 28: cf. qui in adver- 
sariorum praesidiis occisi sunt. Dum 
praesidia ulla fuerunt, in Sullae prae- 
sidiis fuit, id. R. A. 43, 126: to leave 
one’s qs. (as a deserier), praesidium 
linquere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8: praesidio de- 
cedere, Liv. 4, 29. Join: praesidium 
et statio: cf. cobortes ex statione et 
praesidio emissae, Caes. B. G. 6, 42; (fig., 
of suicide), to desert the qs. and post 
allotted to one in life, vetat Pythagoras 
injussu Imperatoris (id est Dei) de prae- 
sidio et statione vitae decedere, Cic. Sen. 
20, 73. N.B—For the qs. of a general 
(besides praetoris stativa, etc., v suwp.), 
use praetorium, 7., and principia, 7. pl. : 
V. HEAD-QUARTERS: to summon to head- 
qs., cf. primores centurionum et paucos 
militum in principia vocat, Tac. H. 3, 13. 

[I]. Also, in military sense, a proper 
station, an appointed post (esp. as now 
used, the posts of sailors at their guns, 
etc.): used by old writers in the sing.: 

1, statio, Onis, f.: “ to keep quarter” 
(Bacon), in statione manere, Ov. M. 1, 
627 (adapted): they were at qs., in sta- 
tione erant, Caes.: adj., soldiers at qs., 
stationarii milites, Ulp. Dig. t1,4,1. Q, 
praesidium, m. (v. sup.): esp. pr. sta- 
tivum, Liv.41,1. Join: (several mili- 
tary terms used fig.), haec mea sedes est, 
haec vigilia, haec custodia, hoc praesi- 
dium stativum, Cic. Phil. 12, 10, 24. 
To place at qs., disponere stationes, 
custodia, Caes. B. G. 5, 33: cohortes, ib. 
3, 88: dispertire: cf. dispertiti viri: 
dispertiti ordines, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 65: to 
take up, go to, run to, qs., se collocare, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 33 (adapted); se colligere 
in aciem, Hirt. B. yo: concurrere: cf. 
(fig.) undique ad commune incendiam 
restinguendum conc., Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 
21: to your qs.: concurrite ! concurrite! 
Val. Max. 4, 1, No. 12; freq. concursare, 
Caes. B.G. 5, 33: a rush to qs., concursus: 
cf. conc. fit celeriter in praetorium, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 76: undique concursus, Hor. S. 
I, 9, 78 (adapted): to beat (or pipe) to 
qs., *signum concursui (or se colligendi) 
canere (the context distinguishing this 
from the signal for an onset or a rally). 

IV. Phr.: to come to close qs.: 
(i.) gen. of two armies, signa conferre, 
etc.: V. TO ENGAGE: TO JOIN BATTLE: 
(ii.) esp. in contrast to skirmishing and 
fighting with missiles. 1, conséro, ui, 
sertum, 3: usu. with manum, cf. signa 
contulit, manum conseruit, magnas co- 
pias hostium fudit, Cic. Mur. 9, 20: 
with an enemy, manum cons. cum 
aliquo, Cic. Att. 7, 20: plur., manus 
inter se cons., Liv. 7, 40: then, when 
they came to close qs., consertis deinde 
manibus, id. 1, 25: of a naval engage- 








QUASH 


ment: so, when their ship came to close 
qs., et sicubi conserta navis esset (sing. 
indef.), Liv. 21, 50. (Note: pugnam 
cons. is simply to join battle, id. ib. 
and 32, 10: both at a distance): absol. 
(rare), id. 44,4. Other phrr. with manus: 
ad manum accedere, Nep. Eum. 5: 
pugna jam ad manus venerat, Liv. 2, 
46: manu decertare. 2. at close qs. : 
Phr.: with adv. comminus or cOminus 
(hand to hand, from con and manus), 
opp. to €minus: cf. nec em. hastis aut 
com. gladiis uterentur, Cic. de Sen. 6, 19: 
dum locus com. pugnandi daretur, Caes. 
B.C. 1, §8: veterani com. acriter instare, 
Sall. C. 60: com. conferre signa, Liv. 1, 
33: to struggle at close qs. with an obsti- 
nate enemy, adversus resistentes com. 
niti, Tac. A. 4, 51. 
quartetto;: *cantus quaternarius, or 
quaternorum. 
quartile; v. QUADRATURE. 
quarto: forma quaternaria : 4to 
paper, *charta quaternaria: a sheet 
JSoulded in 4to, *folium (or charta) qua- 
druplicatum (-a): @ 4to book, *liber 
formae quaternariae, * liber quaternis 
foliis (or “in quarto’) compactus. (“In 
quarto” is a phr. communly used in 
Latin catalogues ) 
quartz: *quartzum, Linn. (with or 
without the ¢.). 
quash (v.): |, Lit., to shatter, to 
crush; quasso, 1: (whence the Eng., 
through the Fr. casser); obs. in this 
sense. Il. Fig. to put down by 
force, or decisively. 1, disciitio, cussi, 
cussum, 3 (lit., to dash to pieces): to 
q. the whole business, cf. quod totam 
rem discusseram, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12: to 
q. an accusation (not in the legal 
sense), crimen disc., Quint. 4, 2, 18: 
an accident q.’d the report which was 
daily gaining ground, gliscentem in 
dies famam fors discussit, Tac. H. 2, 8. 
Join: disc. et comprimere, Cic. Mur. 
39,84. 2, opprimo, pressi, pressum, 3: 
cf. sine tumultu rem omnem oppressere, 
Liv. 2,4. §, exstinguo, nxi, nctum, 3: 
to q. rebellions in the bud, orientes sedi- 
tionesexst.: Join: intolerandam poten- 
tiam exstinguere atque opprimere, Cic. 
Rosc. A. 13, 36: cf. exstinctis rumoribus, 
Caes. B.C.1,60. Alsorestinguo. 4, con- 
cido, cidi, cisum, 3 (lit., to cut to pieces): 
cf, omnem auctoeritatem universi ordinis, 
Cic. de Or. 3,1, fin. _§, casso, 1 (late) : 
Sid. Ep. 1, jin.: also expr. by adj. 
cassus, and adv. incassum: Vv. TO CRUSH: 
TO PUT DOWN: TO QUELL: TO QUENCH: 
TO FRUSTRATE. |, Zo annul, to make 
void (esp. asa legal term); = Fr. casser. 
, casso, I (etym. equiv.), in the 
jurists only : Cod. Just. 1, 2,16. Other 
strictly technical terms are: indtico, 3 
(to erase, on the waxen tablet), e.g. 
senatusconsultum, Cic. Att. I 20, v. Te 
CANCEL; abrogo,1: cf. (lex) quae postea 
plebiscito Canuleio abrogata est, Cic. Rep. 
2, 37: cf. TO REPEAL: concido, 33 ¢. g. 
testamentum, Ulp. Dig. 28, 4, 1: résolvo, 
3: stipulationem, Gai. Dig. 21, 2, 57, fin. 
2. rescindo, idi, issum, 3: to q. ver- 
dicts, judicia, Suet. Claud. 29: @ sen- 
tence not to be q.’d, but to be undergone, 
(judicium) non rescindendum, sed feren- 
dum, Cic. Planc. 4, 10: decisions, res 
jndicatas, Cic. Sull. 22, 63: @ conviction, 
damnationem, id.: agreements, pactiones, 
id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10: a disgraceful treaty, 
foedus turpe, Vell. 2, go: the wills of the 
dead (a double entendre), cf. svlus tu 
inventus es, cui non satis fuerit cor- 
rigere voluntates vivorum, nisi etiam 
rescinderes mortuorum, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 
43, 111: the decisions (or settlements) of 
any one, cf. (Appius complained) quod 
quaedam a se constituta rescinderem, 
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 2, init. (cf. ib. fin. : cogi- 
tabam ejus multa inique constituta 
tollere): cf. (Tiberius) constitutiones 
quasdam senatus rescidit, Suet. Tib. 33: 
you q.’d the acts of Antony and repealed 
his laws, acta M. Antonii rescidistis, 
leges refixistis, Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 5: cf 
Liv. 26, 31: Ter. Ph. 2,4,16. §, dise 
solvo, 3: cf. leges, acta Caesaris, Cic. 
Phil. 1 1, fin.: judicia publica, id. Agr. 


QUASH 


QUEEN 


QUELL 








2, 13, fin.: hoc interdictum, id. Caecin. 
14, 40: cf. (rhetorically) the whole charge 
has now been q.’d (i. e. refuted), crimi- 
natio tota dissoluta est, id. R. A. 29, 82: 
Vv. TO ANNUL. 4, infirmo, 1: legem, 
Liv. 34, 3: Quint. 7, 1: contractum, 
Hermog. Dig. 49, 14, 46: cf. graviter 
ferens aliquid a se factum infirmari, 
Vell. 2,2. Join: (esp. in rhetor. sense) 
inf. ac diluere, Cic. R. A. 15, 42: inf. ac 
tollere, id. N. D. 2, 59, 147: cl. TO INVA- 
LIDATE. 5, convello, 3: acta Dola- 
bellae, id. Phil. 2, 33,83. Join: judicia 
infirmari ac convelli, id. Caecin. 18, 51. 
6, rumpo, 3 (not only to break, but 
also to annul, make void): cf. constat, 
agnascendo rumpi testamentum, Cic. Or. 
I, 57: poet. (Graecia) conjurata tuas 
Tumpere nuptias et regnum Priami 
vetus, Hor. Od. 1, 15, 7. 7. irritum 
facere, (to make void): testamentum, 
Cic. Phil. 2,42. Join: rescindere et irr. 
facere, id. Verr. 2, 2,26. 8, abdleo, 2: 
to q.a person’s election to an office, alicui 
magistratum, Liv. 3, 38. 
quash (subs.): v. PUMPKIN. 
quashing (subs.): expr. by the verbs 
and cognate subs., as oppressio, f.: cf. 
legum et libertatum oppressionem te- 
tram, Cic. Off. 3, 21, 83. 
quater-cousin (or cater-c.): an old 
word for the first 4 degrees of affinity, 
and hence, persons on yood terms (with 
one another): *in gratiam reducti 
(Ainsw.): they are not q.-cs., *occultam 
inter se simultatem babent (id.). 
quaternary: quaternarius: a gq. 
combination or compound, *junctio per 


* quaterna (sc. elementa). 


quaternion: 14, quaterni: “the 
elements. ..that in quaternion run, etc.” 
(Milton), *vosque elementa quaterna (to 
end an hexameter). Note: this may 
serve for Sir. Browne’s “ quaternity of 
the elements.” 2, quaternio, f. (late) : 
ef. tradens (Petrum) quatuor quater- 
nionibus militum custodiendum, Vulg. 
Act. xil. 4: cf. QUATRE. 
quatrain: tetrastichon (Gk. form), 
i, n.; cf. (adev) ut Ovidius ex tetrasti- 
chon Macri curmine librum composue- 
rit, Quint. 6, 3, 96: cf. Mart. 8, 85 — 
Quod non insulse scribis tetrasticha 
quaedam, 
Disticha quod belle pauca, Sabelle, 
facis, 


Laudo, nec admiror: facile est epi- 
grammata belle 
Scribere; sed librum scribere dif- 
ficile est. 
Perh. also *versus quaterni (as etym. 
equiv.). 

quatre (on the dice): quiternio, 
Mart. Cap. 7, 255. 

Quaver (v.); |. Prop. to sing with a 
Shake in the voice (usu. mentioned as a 
beauty: “sweet old quavering ditties ”) : 

1, vibrisso, 1, spec.term: vibrissare 
est vocem in cantando crispare, Fest. 
&. v. 2, As more gen. terms: can- 
tillo, 1, Apul. Met. 4, p. 146: mddiilor, 
I, dep.: V. TOTRILL: TO WARBLE. [I, 
Also used of any vibrating motion which 
produces sound: v. TO ViBkATE. | IJ, 
To shake with fear (esp. of the voice): 
V. QUAVERING. 

quaver (subs. fr. the verb) : 14! 
shake in the voice, vox or sonus vibrans, 
Plin. 10, 29,43. ‘|. A musical note 

: use the word, as indecl. (the sense 

ing shown by the context). 

quavering (adj.), with voice: I. 

‘op. sense: perh. *vox vibrans or vi- 
brissans: v. TO QUAVER. _ |j, Secon- 
dary sense: trembling with emotion 
(usu. fear): with a q. voice: cf. haec 
tremente questus re Aor Epod. 5, 11: 
tremebunda voce, Auct. Her. 3, 4, 25: 
cf. QUAKING. 

quay: 1, crépido, inis, f.: Juv. 
5, 8: the pirate-skiff sailed up to all the 
quays of the city (Syracuse), piraticus 
myoparo usque ad omnes urbis cre- 
oe aceessit, Cic. Verr. 5, 37,97: cf. 

irg. Aen. 10, 653: 

Forte ratis celsi conjuncta crepidine 


saxi 
Expositis stabat scalis, et ponte parato. 


2. margo (inis, m. and f.) lapideus: 
a river embaniced with q.8 of masonry, 
flumen marginibus lapideis, Varr. R. R. 
3,5, 9- 
queachy: unsound, shaking (opp. 
to firm): e. g. “Godwin’s q. sands” 
(Drayton), syrtes aestuosae (the true 
sense of aest. here, not burning), Hor. 
Od. 1, 22,5: fluxus or mdbilis may also 
be used; or (poet.) intidus: cf. “ the 
queachy fens” (Drayton). 
quean: @ worthless woman: mére- 
trix: proterva meretrix procaxque, Cic. 
Coel. 20, 49: also scortum. (N.B.—The 
word is now chiefly Scotch, and not 
always in the bad sense: v. Lass.) 
queasiness ; queasy: V- QUALM: 
QUALMISH : SQUEAMISH. 
queck: O. E. (perh. = quake): to 
shrink, to show pain (Bacon): coniré- 
misco, mii, 3: tr. to q. at, periculum c., 
Hor. Od. 2, 12, 8: cf. Sen. Ep. 65, fin., 
non contremiscamus injurias, non vul- 
nera, non vincula, non egestatem. 
queen: régina, /., constr. with gen. 
of subject country or people: the q. of 
the South, regina austri, Vulg. Matt. xii. 
42: Luc. xi. 31: or with adj. ; regina 
Bithynica (sarcastically of Caesar), Bibul. 
in Suet. Caes. 49. Specially (i.) A queen- 
consort: (Hecuba), Virg. Aen. 10, 705: 
cf. suus rex reginae placet, Pl. Stich. 1, 
2, 76: also uxor (in connection with the 
king’s name): Ais q., uxor ejus Boudi- 
cea, l'ac, A. 14, 31: “ When the British 
warrior queen, Bleeding from the 
Roman rods,” etc., *Bellatrix postquam 
Britonum regina cruentis Verberibus, 
etc. (N.B. regnatrix is adj. only, regal, 
ruling: in domo regnatrice, Tac. A. 1, 
4: the Vulg. uses dominatrix: say to 
the king and queen, dic regi et domina- 
trici, Jer. xili. 18.) (ii.) Ag. regnant: 
(Cleopatra), Hor. Od. 1, 37,7: Cic. Att. 
14, 8: (Dido), Virg. Aen. 1, 303: 2,3: 
4,1: et pass.: THE QUEEN, cf. magnum 
reginae nomen, id. Aen. 11, 223: the q. 
goes in procession with a great relinue 
of matrons, ct. ib. 478, 
Necnon ad templum summasque ad 
Palladis arces, 
Subvehitur magna matrum regina ca- 
terva: 
the courtiers attend the q.'s levee, cf. ib. 
4, 133, 
Reginam thalamo cunctantem ad 
limina primi 
Poenorum exspectant : 
the q. dismounted at the palace - gate, 
portisque ab equo regina sub ipsis 
desiluit, ib. 11, 223. (iii) A queen- 
dowager, *vidiia (régina): cf. Vulg. 
Apoc. xviii. 7, sedeo regina, et vidua 
non sum (fr. Is. xlvi. 8, non sedebo 
vidua): or *(r.) viduata: v. wipow. 
(iv.) The title applied to a goddess 
(esp. Juno): absol. Virg. Aen. 1, 76: 
cf. id. 8, 696, 707: Juno regina (in a 
prayer), Cic. Verr. 5, 72, 184: Liv. 5, 
21: regina deum, Virg. Aen. 1, 9: cf. 
ib. 46, quae diviim incedo regina Jo- 
visque Et soror et conjux: (with patro- 
nymic), Saturnia regina, ib. 7, 573: 
(with title of sacred places), O Venus 
regina Gnidi Paphique, Hor. Od. 1, 30, 1: 
in other mythologies: to burn incense 
to the q. of heaven, etc. (Ashtoreth or 
the Moon), ut sacrificemus reginae coeli, 
et libemus ei libamina, Vulg. Jer. xlv. 
17 and 25 (cf. “ Astarte, queen of heaven, 
with crescent horns,” Milton). Trans f. 
of any power, e. g. money named with 
other deified powers: cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 


dims 
Et genus et formam regina Pecunia 
donat, 
Ac bene nummatum decorat Suadela 
Venusque. 
(Note: domina may sometimes be used: 
e. g. of Cybele, Virg. Aen. 3, 113: of 
Venus, Ov. A. A. 1, 148: of Juno, Prop. 
2, 5, 17: of Diana, Mart. 12, 18.) (v.) 
Uf any female leader; the q. of song, 
cf. silvestris regina chori, Stat. Th. 4, 
379 (so, q. of May, *r. Maiae): and of 
things excelling in their kind: of trees; 
the cypress like aq. of the Alpine crest, 
Alpini veluti regina cupressus verticis, 


ib. 6, 854: the q. of roads : Appia regina 
viarum, id. Silv. 2, 2,12: among cities: 
(of Tyre and Babylon), Vulg. Is. xlix. 23, 
Apoc. xviii. 7, sup. cit.: (so q. of the 
Adriatic, *r. Hadriae: of the Bosporus, 
*r. Bospori: cf. domina urbs, Mart. 12, 
21): of speech, oratio omnium rerum r. 
Pac. in Non. 113, 32: of abstract 
ualities: Join, domina et regina 
mistress and q.): cf. (justitia) omnium 
et domina et regina virtutum, Cic. Off. 
3, 6, 28: (Note: also domina: cf. sit 
sane fors domina campi, Cic. Pis. 2). 
(vi.) The q. in chess or cards: or we 
may possibly use the classical term 
compar, dris (lit. mate), f, on the an- 
thority of Ov. A. A. 3, 359 (referring 
to some game): Bellatorque sua prensus 
sine compare bellat (And though his 
mate ts ta’en, the king prolongs the 
Sight). (vii.) Queen-bee: the Latin 
writers use rex, Virg. G. 4, 21, 68, et 
pass.: or dux, Col.: in nat. hist. (where 
it would seem absurd to keep the error) 
use *regina apis or apum: so, q.-ant, 
*regina formica or formicarum. 
queen oH |. 70 play the part 
of aq. (ef. “Vl q. it no inch further,” 
Shaksp.), reginam agere: cf. exulem 
ag., Cic. A. 1, 4: principem ag., Suet. 
Claud. 29. Il. To gq. a@ pawn (at 
chess): *ex latrone reginam facere: vy. 
MAN, No. V. 
queen-apple, or queening: 
*ponium Claudianum (Ainsw.). 
queenly: qualis regina solet esse; 
{habitus} qualis reginam decet; ete. 
queer (and adv.): strange, used for 
|. Ridiculously peculiar, ridiculus, 
ineptus, insolens, insulsus, (and advs.): 
cf. ABSURD: COMICAL: RIDICULOUS: 
Join, insolens aut ineptum, Cic. Or. 9, 
29: a q. business, begotium ineptum, 
id. Tusc. 1, 35, 86: a q. fellow (vulg. 
“aq. fish”), insulsissimus homo, Cat. 
17,12. Also expr. by subs.: v. QUEER- 
NEss. Adv.: to talk or act qly: cf. inep- 
tissime fieri, Quint. 11, 3, 31. |]. Ina 
bad sense: néquam: you’re a q. rascal, 
Join: malus et nequam es, Pl. Asin. 2, 
2, 39. 
queerness : ineptia (usu. pl. -ae): 
ineptidla, ineptitudo (cf. homo inepti- 
tudinis cumulatus, Caecil. ap. Non. 128, 
15): insulsitas (cf. barum rerum ins., 
Cic. 5, 11, ad init.: ins. villae, id. ib. 
13, 19): also expr. by adjs. and advs., 
and vice versa: V. ABSURDITY: FOLLY: 
SILLINESS. |]. néquitia: v. Leviry. 
quell: (orig. to ‘ill; and Spenser 
has quell, v. n. = die): V. TO CRUSH : TO 
SUBDUE: TO BRING DOWN: 1, prémo, 
pressi, pressum, 3, and compounds: obj. 
@ power: cf. pr. arma Latini, Virg. Aen. 
II, 402: obj. a@ person: pr. (aliquem) 
voce, vultu, Tac. A. 3, 67. Comp.: 
comprimo: to g. disturbances, motus 
compr., Liv. 1, 60: a@ rebellion, sediti- 
onem, id. 2, 23: cf. tribunicios furores 
compr., Cic. Mur. 11: conatum atque 
audaciam furentis hominis, id. Phil. 10, 
5, 11: with abl. of the means: cf. voce 
manuque murmura compressit, Ov. M. 
I, 206: Join: compr. et restinguo, con- 
sider, with what words you are to q. or 
quench his burning ambition, meditare, 
quibus verbis incensam illius cupidi- 
tatem comprimas atque restinguas, Cic. 
Pis. 25,59. Pass. to be quelled: Join: 
ccmprimi et quiescere: cf. Virg. G. 4, 
86-7 (mock-heroic, of bees)— 
Hi motus animorum atque haec certa- 
mina tanta 
Pulveris exigui jactu compressa quies- 
cent: 
opprimo: Join: opprimo et conficio: 
what avails Valour or strength, though 
matchless, quelled with pain, Which all 
subdues ? (Milton) cf. omnibus oppres- 
sum corpus et confectum doloribus, Cic, 
Tusc. 5,8,23: Vv. TOPUT DOWN. Q, sé&do, 
1: seditionem, Cic. Rep. 1, 38: tumultum 
Caes. B, C. 3, 18: cf. TO ALLAY: TO AP- 
PEASE. 8, ddmo, ai, Ytum, 1: v. To 
SUBDUE: TO CONTROL: and subs, ddmi- 
tor, m.: the mind that can q. and bridle 
unbounded pover, infinitae potestatis 
domitor ac frenator animus, Plin. Pan, 
619 


QUELLER 
55: and domitrix, icis, f. cf. omnium 
domitrix (ferrum), Plin. 36, 16, 25: the 
club that quelled wild beasts, domitrix 
ferarum clava (Herculis), Ov. H. 9, 117. 
4. vinco, vici, victum, 3: her shame 
was quelled by love, victus amore pudor, 
Ov. Am. 3, Io, 29: also, stibigo, 3: v. 
TO CONQUER, TO SUBDUE. 5, débello, 
I: to spare the suppliants and to q. the 
proud, parcere subjectis, et debellare su- 
perbos, Virg. Aen. 6, 854: tog. an enemy 
by a@ shout, (hostem) clamore debell., 
Tac. Agr. 34. 6. frango, frégi, irac- 
tum, 3: to q. a person’s pride (Dryden), 
spiritum ejus fr.: cf. quorum se vim ac 
spiritus fregisse, Liv. 26, 24. 7, sub- 
mitto: to q. rage, s. furorem, Virg. Aen. 
12, 832: v. TO PUT DOWN. Phr.: your 
pride is quelled, cecidit ille spiritus tuus, 
ELOPs) Ze de) 2s 
queller: (e.g. ‘‘q. of Satan,’ Milton): 

1, victor, Oris, m.: omnium gen- 
tium, Cic. Pis.7, 16: Vv. CONQUEROR. 

2. oppressor, Oris, m.: cf. oppres- 
sores dominationis, Pseudo-Brut. in Ep. 
ad Brut. 1, 16: v. SUBDUER. 3. do- 
mitor, oris, m.: maris d. (Neptunus), 
Virg. Aen. 5, 799: and domitrix, icis, 
f.: ¥. RULER, TAMER. 

quench (v.4.): [, To put out fire by 
strong means : usu. poet. or fig.: for lit. 
sense cf. TO PUT OUT: TO EXTINGUISH. 
(N.B. the simple stinguo, 3, is early, 
poet., and intrans. in Pass., implying 
a Trans. Act.: fig. of colour; ut cernere 
possis Evanescere paulatim stinguique 
colorem, Lucr. 2, 828: cf. id. 1, 666, 
Quod si forte ulla credunt ratione potesse 
Igneis in coetus stingui, mutareque 

corpus): 

1, restinguo, nxi, nctum, 3: ignem 
aqua, etc.: v. TO PUT OUT, TO EXTIN- 
GUISH: poet.: resting. fontibus ignes, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 686. Join: (fig.) com- 
primo atque restinguo (to quell and 
quench) ; incensam cupiditatem, Cic. Pis. 
25: V.TOQUELL. Q, exstinguo, 3 (not 
ext.): Vv. TO PUT OUT: also of a light: 
lumen exst., Lucr. 6, 792: (cf. “ Quenched 
is the golden statue’s ray,” Keble): freq. 
in Vulg.: (they) q.’d the violence of fire, 
exstinxerunt impetum ignis, Heb. xi. 
34. Join: restinguo et refrigéro, 1: 
ignis in aquam conjectus continuo re- 
stinguitur et refrigeratur, Cic. Rosc. 
Com. 6, 17 (cf. Vulg. Luc. xvi. 24, mitte 
Lazarum, ut intingat extremum digiti 
sni in aquam et refrigeret linguam 
meam, quia crucior in hac flamma). Esp. 
in fig, senses: g. not the Spirit, Spi- 
ritum nolite exst., 1 Thess. v. 1g: (of 
love) : aquae multae non potuerunt exst. 
charitatem, nec flumina obruent illam, 
Cant. viii. 7 (of fury, wrath, etc.): to q. 
all the fiery darts of the wicked one, 
omnia tela nequissimi exst., Eph. vi. 16: 
my wrath shall be kindled against this 
place, and shall not be q.d, succende- 
tur indignatio mea in loco hoc, et non 
exstinguetur, 4 Reg. xxii. 17 (furor in 
par. pass. 2 Paralip. xxxiv. 25): ef. Jer. 
Iv. 43 Vil. 205 xvil. 275 xxi. 12: Amos 
v. 6: (of a destroying fire): cf. erit for- 
titudo vestra ut favilla stuppae (tow), et 
opus vestrum quasi scintillae; et suc- 
cendetur utrumque simul, et non erit 
qui exstinguat, Is. i. 31: cf. id. xxxiv. 
to; Ezek. xx. 47, non exstinguetur 
Hamma succensionis: esp. Is. lxvi. 24, 
vermis eorum non moritur, et ignis 
eorum non exstinguetur: cf. Marc. ix. 
43: (also expr. by adj.: in gehennam 
ignis inexstinguibilis, ib.): (of a light, 
as emblem of life, hope, etc.), cf. linum 
fumigans (a smouldering lamp-wick) 
non exstinguet, Is. xlii. 3, and Matt. xii. 
20: (of the life of an only son), quaerunt 
exst. scintillam meam, quae relicta est, 
2 Reg. xiv. 7: (of a very precious life, 
David’s), ne exstinguas lucernam Israel, 
ib. xxi. 17. Pass. to be g.’d (=to go 
out of itself, cf. No. 3): ef. contriti sunt 
quasi linum, et exstincti sunt, Is. xliii.17: 
(cf. exarserunt, burnt out, quasi ignis in 
spinis, Ps. cxviii. 12: absorptus est ignis, 
swallowed back into the earth, Num. 
xi. 2). 3. opprimo, 3 (like our phr. 
to ice out fire): contrasted with ex- 

20 





QUENCH 


stingui, to go out: cf. itaque adolescentes 
mori sic mihi videntur, ut quum aquae 
multitudine vis flammae opprimitur (as 
when a fire in full force is quenched by 
a volume of water); senes autem sicut 
sua sponte, nulla adhibita vi, consumptus 
ignis exstinguitur, Cic. Sen 21: (cf. 
“A little fire is quickly trodden out, 
Which, being suffered, rivers cannot 
uench.”’—Shaksp.) 

. Vinco, vici, victum, 3 (to over- 
power): (poet.) to g. a body of fire with 
Jjloods of water, cf. collectam vincere 
gurgitibus (of the Nile), Ov. Am. 3, 6, 
42. §, tingo (or -guo), nxi, nctum, 3 (to 
dip, bathe), to q. red-hot metal in water : 
cf. Virg. Aen. 8, 450, alii stridentia tin- 
gnunt Aera lacu (some q. the hissing 
brass). ||, Fig. of hot passions: restin- 
guo, 3: exstinguo, 3: opprimo, 3: sedo, 
t: to q. the heat of all lusts, omnium 
cupiditatum ardorem restinguere, Cic. 
Fin. 1, 13, 43: V. TO ALLAY: TO COOL: 
“ this is the way to kindle, not to quench” 
(Shaksp.), expr. by succendo and ex- 
stinguo (v. supr.). Neuter: to be qd 
(to cool down), (besides the Passives), 
defervesco, fervi, 3: cf. dum defervescat 
ira, Cic. Tusc. 4, 36, fin. |||. To quench 
thirst : 1, restinguo, 3: sitim rest.; 
cf. Estne sitienti in bibendo voluptas? 
Eademne quae restincta siti? Immo alio 
genere. Restincta enim sitis stabilitatem 
voluptatis habet: illa autem voluptas 
ipsius restinctionis in motu est, Cic. Fin. 
2, 3,9: to q. one’s thirst at a brook of 
sweet water, dulcis aquae saliente sitim 
restinguere rivo, Virg. E. 5, 47: to q. the 
fire of wine with water, (= dilute it), 
cf. (poet.), Quis puer ocius restinguet 
ardentis Falerni pocula praetereunte 
lympha? Hor. Od. 2, 11, 20. 9. ex- 
stinguo, 3: They quench their life, as 
well as thirst, in drink, Nec prius est 
exstincta sitis, quam vita, bibendo, Ov. 
M. 7, 569 (adapted) : cf. “every draught, 
to him that hath quenched his thirst, is 
but a further quenching of nature,” 
South. 8. pello, pepuli, pulsum, 3: 
(the dropsical drinker) fails to q. his 
thirst, nec sitim pellit, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 14. 
Comp. dépello, 3: cf. cum cibo et po- 
tione fames sitisque depulsa est, Cic. Fin. 
LLL sie 4, finio, 4: if no amount 
of water could q. your thirst, si tibi nulla 
sitim finiret copia lymphae, Hor. Ep. 2, 
2,146. 5, sedo, 1 (to allay): ef. Luer. 
2, 663, (of flocks) Ex unoque sitim se- 
danteis flumine aquai: (lit. and fig. 
thirst), And while he seeks to q. his thirst, 
another thirst has grown, Dumque sitim 
sedare cupit, sitis altera crevit. Ov. M. 
3, 415: cf. famem ac sitim sedare, Plin. 
II, 54, 119: to q. one’s thirst with a 
draught of cold water, *sitim haustu 
gelidae aquae sedare. 6. placo, 1: 
sitim pl. Mart. 1, 50. 7. lévo, 1: (to 
relieve) : with abl. Yo q. one’s burning 

hirst at foreign springs, (fig. for mili- 
tary service), Nec siccam Getico fonte 
levare sitim, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 26: (lit. and 
fig.), They q. in wine at once their cares 
and thirst, vinoque levant curasque 
sitimque, id. M. 12, 156. With de and 
abl. ; cf. Clitorio quicumque sitim de fonte 
levarit, id. ib. 15, 322: compd., rélévare 
sitim, id. ib. 6, 354. 8. expléo, Evi, 
étum, 2 (to satisfy, to appease): esp. in 
fig. sense: cf. quas (literas Graecas) sic 
avide arripui, quasi diuturnam sitim ex- 
plere cupiens, Cic. Sen. 8, 26. Join: 
expléo and satio, 1 (still stronger): 
neque enim expletur unquam nec sa- 
tiatur cupiditatis sitis (q.’d or satisfied), 
Cic. Parad. 1,6,7. 9, Less. usu. verbs: 
(i.) sitim deponere, with in: cf. (venit 
leaena) Depositura sitim vicini fontis in 
unda, Ov. M. 4, 98: (ii.) s. compescére 
(= fo assuage), with abl. : ut lea saeva 
sitim multa compescuit unda (with a 
deep draught), id. ib. 4, 102: (iii.) s. 
avertére (= to drive away), with abl. 
fluvio: Sil. 8, 5972: (iv.) s. defendere: 
to q. thirst with pure spring water 
(unmixed with wine), fonte sitim et 
pura soliti defendere lympha, id. 4, 170: 
(y.) s. reprimere (to keep down, to as- 
suage: only for a time): haec (aqua) 





QUERN 





paulisper (for a little while) repressit 
sitim, Curt. 7, 5: (vi.) 8. cOhibére, Plin. 
20, 17, jin., and prohibére, Claudian 
Phoenic. 14: (vii.) vindicor a siti (to be 
Sreed from): he may only q. his thirst 
with water, potione aquae a siti vindicari 
debet : (viii.) Pass. to be quenched (thirst 
as subj.), cesso, 1: cf. Ov. M. 13, 768-9 
(fig. insatiable thirst for blood), Caedis 
amor, feritasque, sitisque immensa cra 
oris, cessant. Also expr. by pass. of the 
above verbs. Transf. (of the drought 
of summer); cf. sitis aestatis restin- 
guitur fontibus, Col. 11,3.  |VY, Fig.: 
to destroy (cf. “ to quench his immor- 
tality,” Campbell’s Last Man). 1], re- 
stinguo, 3: cf. animos hominum sen- 
susque morte restingui, Cic. Sest. 21, 47: 
to q. his race, genus suum rest., Pl. Trin. 
3, 2, 50. 2. exstinguo, 3: cf. si non 
cum corpore exstinguuntur magnae 
animae, Tac. Agr. 46: to q. in oblivion, 
oblivione posteritatis exst., Cic. Rep. 6, 
23, fin.: their ancient military glory 
being q.’d, superiore gloria rei militaris 
extincta, Caes. B.G. 5,29. Join: exst. 
atque opprimere (to q. and crush), Cic. 
R. A. 13, 36. Join: exst. and re- 
primere: cf. memoria, non exstincta, 
sed repressa vetustate (not q.’d, but sup- 
pressed by lapse of time), id. Coel. 30: 
v. TO CRUSH: TO DESTROY: TO EXTIN= 
GUISH : TO PUT DOWN: TO PUT OUT. 

quench (%. 7.): (obs.) to grow cool 
(“ Dost thou think in time she will not 
q.?” Shaksp. Cymb.): défervesco, vi (late 
bui), 3: refrigeror, I, pass.: v. TO COOL. 

quenchable;: exstinguibilis, e (late 
and rare). Fig. (animae) si non exstin- 
guibiles in totum fiant (subject to anni- 
hilation), Lactant. Just. 7,20: also, quod 
exstingui potest. 

quencher: exstinctor, dris, m. (rare): 
cf. sedebas, non exstinctor sed auctor 
incendii (ot quenching, but fanning 
the flames), Cic. Pis. 11, 26: Vv. Ex- 
TINGUISHER. Fig.: exst. conjurationis, 
Auct. Or. pro Domo, 38, 101: ext. 
regiae domus (Cassandra), Just. 16, 1: 
V. DESTROYER: ANNIHILATOR: also expr. 
by the verbs. 

quenching (subs.): 1, exstinctus, 
iis, m.: of lamps, cf. odor a lucernarum 
exstinctu, Plin. 7, 7, $. 9. exstinctio, 
Onis, f.: (fig. = annihilation), Cic. Tuse. 
I, 49, 11]: V. EXTINCTION. . Te- 
stinctio, f.: of thirst, Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 9 
(loc, sup. cit. : V. TO QUENCH, No. IIL, 1). 
Also expr. by verbs, esp. gerunds and 
gerundives: a q. of nature (South) : v. 
TO QueNncH, No. IIL., 2. 

quenching (a@dj.): exstinctor, m., 
and by anal., -trix, 7. and m.: cf. L. G. 
§ 598. (No good authority for exstin- 
guens as adj. though it can be used with 
object expressed.) 

quenchless: used of fire, lit. and 
fig. (‘* 1 dare your q. fury to more rage,” 
Shaksp.: “ He fills a burnished throne of 
q. fire,’”’ Crashaw): and of thirst: also 
of destruction : 1, inexstinctus: cf. 
Ignis inexstinctus templo celatur in 
illo (=a perpetual fire), Ov. F. 6, 297: 
libido (= insatiable), id. ib. 1, 413: 
nomen (= imperishable), id. Tr. 5, 14, 
36. Also (late) inexstinguibilis : flamma, 
Lact. 7, 19: ignis, Vulg. Matt. iii. 12: 
Lue. iii. 17: Mare. ix. 44: V. UNEXTIN- 
GUISHABLE, UNQUENCHABLE. Q, inex- 
plébilis: inexplétus: Vv. INSATIABLE, 

3. importinus: the man possessed 

by q. thirst of gold, ct. qaem tenet ar- 
genti sitis importuna famesque, Hor. Ep. 
I, 18, 23: V. OVERPOWERING. 

querimonious (adj.): —ly 
(adv.): ——ness (subs.): Vv. COM= 
PLAINING : QUERULOUS: and, for poetic 
sense: PLAINTIVE: ‘f most querimo- 
niously confessing” (Denham), *cum 
questu et maerore. 

querist: one who puts questions : 
(“my gentle q.,” Spectator: “some in- 
structed querist,’’ Swift): percontator: 
interrdgator: Vv. QUESTIONER. 

quern: @ hand-mill: mola triisa 
tilis, Cat. R. R. 10, 4: Gell. 3, 3: mola 
versatilis, Plin. 36, 18, 29, § 135: oF 
(simply) mola, /. 


‘9 
oie 


—_— 





QUERPO 





QUEST 


QUESTION 





uerpo (Span. cuerpo = corpus): 4 
Gaspiing vest: in the phr. to Aah in 
querpo, *sine pallio incedere (Ainsw.) 
querulous : 1, quérilus: of 
persons : the old man exacting, q., (senex) 
difficilis, querulus, Hor. A. P. 173: (ab- 
stract) misfortune is q., nam et cala- 
mitas q. est et superba felicitas, Curt. 5, 
§, 12: of the woice, cries, and sounds 
(both in usu. sense, and poet. for com- 
ining and plaintive, q. v.): q. VOX, 
A. A. 2, 308: q. cries, q. ululatus, 
cf. Implevique sacram querulis ululau- 
bus Iden, id. H. 5, 73: esp. of shrill 
sounds (freq. in Latin, but rare in Eng., 
e.g. “As unoiled hinges querulously 
shrill,” Young): v. sHRILL: cf. q. 
chordae (of the lyre), id. Am. 2, 4, 27: 
q. tibia, Hor. Od. 3, 7, 30: the q. cicalas, 
q. cicadae, Virg. G. 3, 328: esp. of young 
birds chirping in the nest: q. nidus 
volucrum, Ov. Med. fac. 77: her q. nest 
a home), q. domus, Stat. Theb. 5, 
Deriv. adj. quériildsus (late and 
rare): cf. murmuratores q., Vulg. Epist. 
Jud. 16 (“murmurers, complainers,” 
tALW’.)< 2. quéribundus: gq. old age, 
q. senectus, Sil. 13, 583: in a loud q. 
tone, (=loudly complaining), magna et 
q. voce, (opp. to suppressa voce, with 
bated breath), Cic. Sull. 10, 30. By 
expr. by subs.: (1) quéréla, f.: an 
q. letter, epistola plena stomachi 
et querelarum, Cic. Q. F. 3, 8: (poet.) a 
q. song, or ditty, cf. longa somnum sua- 
dere querela, Stat. Th. 5, 616: to pour 
forth sweet q. strains, cf. dulcesque 
querelas, Tibia quas fundit, Lucr. 4, 
585: cf. (of dying swans) tollunt lugu- 
bri voce q., id. ib. 547. (2) questus, is, 
m.: she pours forth her q. cries, effundit 
in aera questus, Ov. M. 9, 370: the q. 
strains (of the nightingale): cf. maestis 
late loca questibus implet, Virg. G. 4, 
513 (coclum, id. Aen. 9, 480): cf. questu 
vano clamitare, Phaedr. 1, 9, 7. (3) 
quérimonia, f.: g. complaints (of the 
vices of the age), tristes q., Hor. Od. 3, 
24, 33 (cf. “ the complaints of the queru- 
lous,” Locke). (4) conquestio, /.: @ q. 
recalling of past griefs, dolorum prae- 
teritorum conq., Sen. Ep. 78. 4, exp. 
by the verbs quéror, 3, dep.: conquéror: 
V. FO COMPLAIN: COMPLAINING. | 
querulously: expr. by adj. agree- 
ing with subject or by voce querula: by 
particip. querens, conquerens: or by 
subs., e. g. cum questu: cum maerore, 
querulousness: expr. by adj., and 
perh. by questus, is, m. (N.B.~quérela 
and quérimonia are usually, if not al- 
ways, concrete.) 
query (subs.): (e.g. “to propose 
some queries,’ Newton: “a q. that 
might be demanded,” South): quaestio, 
f.: dubitatio, f.: v. QUESTION: to put a 
q. to a passage (in a book), *notam 
quaestionis or dubitationis ad locum ap- 
ponere (cf. Cic. Fam. 13, 6: v. TO PUT 
AGAINST) : or, briefly, *? apponere (7. e. 
the mark 2). 3 
query (v.): (“Three Cambridge 
sophs, Each prompt to query, answer, 
. and debate,” Pope): quaero, 3, and freq. 
quaerito, 1: quaestiones proponere: to 
. a statement, dubitationem afierve: in 
ubinum vocare: v. TO QUESTION: fo q. 
@ passaye, Vv. sup. QUERY (subs.). 
quest (subs.): |. A diligent, eager, 
search (usu. in the phr. im quest of: 
but often absol.) : 1, expr. by subs.: 
(i.) quaesitio, f.: Psyche bent on the q. 
for Cupid, Psyche qnaesitioni Cupidinis 
intenta, Apul. M. 5, p. 171: (ii.) inqui- 
Citio, f.: absol., the q. for truth: Join, 
ing. atque investigatio; cf. hominis est 
propria veri inquisitio atque investi- 
gatio, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 13: in q. of, inqui- 
Sitione: (the hyena is said) to be the 
only beast that rifles tombs in quest of 
dead bodies, ab uno animali sepulcra 
erui inquisitione corporum, Plin. 8, 30, 
44: to send a person anywhere in q. of, 
mittere ad inquisitionem (with gen. of 
thing and in of place): cf. Amyntam 
cum decem triremibus in Macedoniam 
ad ing. novorum militum (in q. of re- 
sruits), Curt. 4, 6, /in.: dat. in the 





phr., take care I don’t come in q. of you, 
sed tu cave inquisitioni mihi sis, Pl. 
Casin. 3, 1, fin. (iii.) quaestio, 7. (in 
sim. phr.): tibi ne quaestioni essemus, 
id. Capt. 2, 2, 3: and in abl. with in, 
cave fuas mihi in quaestione, id. Pers. 1, 
1,52. (Note: the abl. quaesitu, Plin. 5,9, 
Io, init., is an inferior reading.) (iv.) 
stidium, m.: Vv. PURSUIT. A person 
in q. of, Quaesitor, m., Pacat. Pan. 
The 28: inquisitor: one im q. of 
the facts of science, rerum naturae inq., 
Sen. Q. N. 6, 13: cf. rerum inquisitorem 
decet esse sapientem, Cic. fr. Acad. ap. 
Aug. contr. Acad. 2, 11: V. INQUIRER: 
INVESTIGATOR, 2. more gen, expr. 
by verbs: (1.) quaero, sivi or sii, tum, 
3, (to be in gq. of ), with ace, (cf. TO SEEK) : 
you're the very person I was in q. of, 
te ipsum quaerebam, Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 
3: to go in q. of, ire quaesitum: esp. 
with sibi: what! yowre going to risk 
my life in q. of praise for yourself! 
in mea vita tu tibi laudem is quaesitum, 
id. ib. 2, 3, 74. Expr. in q. of (without 
to be) by quaerens, quaerendo, in quae- 
rendo: absol., J have worn out in that q. 
the best of my life, contrivi in quaerendo 
vitam atque aetatem meam, id. Ad. 5, 4, 
15: I know this q. of yours Ses 
*quid nunc quaeratis scio: *(/ go) to 
search with wandering q. (a place, id.), 
*ut vagus errando quaeram : or, *tene- 
brasque pererrans, Quaero. (ii.) freq. 
quaerito, 1: to be in q. of a lodging, 
hospitium ab aliquo quaer., Pl. Poen. 3, 
3,77. (iii) Comp., inquiro, 3, to make 
a q. after or through, with in and ace. : 
ef. totumque inquirit in orbem, Ov. M. 
12, 63: absol., expr. by inquiri (pass. 
impers.), cf. Tac. G. 34, ef. obstitit 
Oceanus in se simul et in Herculem 
inquiri (opposed, or forbade the q., at 
once into its own secrets and after 
H.). (iv.) Esp. conquiro, 3, to make 
a thorough q. after (cf. TO SEARCH 
FOR): he orders a q. to be made for, 
etc, conquiri Diodorum tota provincia 
jubet, Cic. Verr. 4, 19, 20: cf. con- 
quirere et comburere vaticinios libros, 
Liv. 39, 16: piacula irae deum conq., 
Liv. 40, 37: to make a (scientific) q. 
into, etc., naturae primas causas conq., 
Cic. Tim. 14: in q. of consolation, solatia 
conquirens, Tac. A. 12, 68: is it worth 
while to go in q. of arguments ? libet 
conq. argumenta, id. A. 14, 44: or (ts 
it the purpose of life) to go in q. of plea~ 
sures from every source? an ut con- 
quirat undique suavitates, Cic. Off. 3, 
33, 117: cf. qui non necessarias conqui- 
rerent voluptates, Caes. B. C. 3, 96: with 
studium: the vulgar q. of lovers is not 
theirs, Non illis studium vulgo con- 
quirere amantes, Prop. 1, 2, 23. (v.) 
perquiro, 3: he writes to, etc., tomake a 
{ Jor those vessels, scribit ad quosdam 
Telitenses, ut ea vasa perquirant, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 18, 39: the q. for (e. g. natural 
science), expr. by gerund: cf. Vide- 
musne, ut pueri ne verberibus quidem 
a contemplandis rebus perquirendisque 
deterreantur ? ut pulsi requirant (how 
they resume the q.) id. Fin. 5, 18, 48: 
the object of our q. ts, perquiritur (also, 
exquiritur): cf. aut ipsa cognitio rei 
scientiaque perquiritur ; aut agendi con- 
silium exquiritur, id. de Or. 3, 29, 112. 
(vi.) réquiro, 3, to renew the q.; to make 
ed search for: cf. Cic. loc. sup. 
cit.: ef. libros req., Cic. Fin. 3, 3: scripta 
SCtis abolita, Snet. Cal. 16: artus, ossa, 
Ov. M. 2, 336: (of knowledge): the 
Greeks, who are in q of truth, Graios, 
qui vera requirunt, Lucr. 1, 641: some 
things hide themselves from our q., etc., 
quaedam requisita se occultant, et eadem 
forte succurrunt, Quint. 11, 2, 7: reveal 
tomy q., etc., pande requirenti nomen 
terraeque, tuaeque, Ov. M. 4, 680: 
(passing into the sense of quest = re- 
quest, q. v.). (vii.) anquiro, 3 (=to 
search for all round): to go in q. of 
some one (with a special purpose), ali- 
quem ang. (foll. by subj. clause), 
Cic. Am. 23, 87: cf. omnia quae sunt 
ad vivendum necessaria anquirere et 
parare, id. Off. 1, 4, 11: adv., with eager 


and anxious q., satis anquisite, satisque 
sollicite, Gell. 1, 3, 9: comp. cf. anqul- 
sitius et exactius pressiusque, id. 1, 3, 
21. Il. A judicial inquiry or inves- 
tigation: expr. by the subs. quaestio, 
inquisitio; and by the verbs quaero, 
inquiro, perquiro, anquiro: v. INQUEST 
INQUISITION ; EXAMINATION: INQUIRY: 
TRIAL. Ill. The court or body (e.g. 
of jurymen) who make an inquisition : 
quaestio: cf. totam quaestionem a severi- 
tate ad clementiam transtulit, Val. Max. 
| 8, 1, 7. 6. 
question (subs.): — |, Aq. asked, to 
obtain an answer : 1, the concrete is 
properly expressed by the n. of the 
particips.: rogatum ; interrdgatum: to 
answer a q., ad rogatum respondere: cf. 
ad interrogata respondere, Cic. Or. ao: 
also by the verbs: (i.) quaero, 3: he 
answered the q.s put to him, summa 
constantia ad ea, quae quaesita erant, 
respondebat, Cic. Phil. 1, 1: (ii.) régo, 
11: I ask you this q., hoc te rogo, PL 
Trin. 4, 2, 85: answer my q., sir! hoe 
quod te rogo responde mibi, id. Merc. 
I, lor; id. Asin. 3,2, 32: now will you 
answer me this q.? etiam tu hoc re- 
spondes? Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 8: that’s not 
an answer to my q., aliud te rogo, id. 
Most. 5, 1, 70: strrah! how dare you 
fence with my q.? eho, verbero, aliud 
mibi respondes ac rogo? id. Phorm. 4, 
4, 3: why do you ask me that q.? quid 
me istud rogas? iunquam, Stoicos roga, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 28, fin. : (without the pron.); 
do you ask the q.? rogas, Cic. Mil. 22, §g 
you answer before I ask my q., prius 
respondes quam rogo, Pl. Mere. 2, 3, 119: 
Ly. I want to ask you this one q.; Pa. 
Pil answer it: Ly. Rogare hoc unum te 
volo; Pa. Roganti re-pondebo, id. ib. 3, 
1,17. Freq. régito, 1: I’m hoarse with 
asling q.s, rogitando sum raucus factus, 
PL. Epid. 2, 2, 16: are you mad, to ask 
me that q.? satin sanu’s, qui me id 
rogites? Ter. Andr. 4,4, 10. (iii.) inter- 
rogo : cf. hoc quod te interrogo, responde, 
id. ib. 1, 2, 70: acc. of pers. : asking them 
q-s, interrogantem eos, Vulg. Luc. ii. 46: 
one (of them) asked him a q., interro- 
gavit eum unus, id. Matt. xxii. 35: cf. 
ib. 26: they durst not ask him any more 
q-s, et amplius non audebant eum quid- 
quam inter., id. Luc. xx. 40 (cf. Mare. 
xii. 34): (acc. of thing), asking no q.s, 
nihil interrogantes propter conscientiam, 
1 Cor. xii. 25: with 2 accs., J also will 
ask you one q., interrogabo vos et ego 
unum, id. Mare. xi. 29. Hence adjs., 
interrégativus, putting q.s, V. INTERRO- 
GATIVE: interrégatorius, consisting of 
q-S, V. INTERROGATORY. iv.) percontor, 
I, dep., with acc. ; to ask a Jew q.s, per- 
contari pauca, Cic. Acad. 1, I: with 2 
aces.; there are some q.s we want to ask 
you, sunt quae te volumus percontari, 
Pl. Ps. 1, 5, 47: also with acc. of pers. 
and abl.: v. TO QUESTION: ask no qs, 
percontari desine: cf. TO FUT (a q.): 
TO QUESTION: TO ASK: TO ANSWER, 
(Note: the concretes régamentum, ”, 
[Apul. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31), and inter- 
rogamentum, mn. [Gloss. Philox.}, are 
late and very rare.) 9, Abstr. subs, 
(= questioning), sometimes used as con- 
crete (= question). (i.) quaestio, Onis, 
f.: (rare in this sense), Cic. Acad. 2, 8 
(but perh, rather mNQuiry or SEEKING) : 
hence, dim. quaestiunciila, a brief q.: 
cf. quaestiunculis te faciebam atten- 
tiorem, Cic. Fam. 9, 16: and adv, in ths 
form of a q., quaestionaliter, Fulg. de 
Prise. Serm. n. 16. (ii) interrdgitio, 7. : 
and (more rarely) the simple rdgatio, 
f.: to persist in a q. (or in asking: or, 
to insist on an answer), plane instare 
interrogationi, Quint. 6, 3, 38: usu. for 
a q. put rhetorically, in an argument, 
and the method of argument by putting 
qs: cf. aliter pro Caelio, ficta interro- 
gationi, Quint. 9, 2, 15: @ captious or 
sophistical q., captiosa int., captiosum 
genus int.s: cf. animi fallacibus et cap- 
tiosis interrogationibus circumscripti 
atque decepti, Cic. Acad. 2, 15, 46: cf 
quod captiosissimo genere interroga- 
tionis utuntur, id. ib. 16, 49: (also 
621 





QUESTION 





captio, f., v. SopHISM): to ask captious 
or insidious q.s, captiose interrogare : 
ef. sic (fig.: like a prudent driver) me 
ante sustineo (J pull up, i.e. stop), nec 
diutius captiose interroganti respondeo, 
id. ib. 29, 94. Join: rogatio et per- 
contatio: cf. rogatio atque huic finitima 
quasi percontatio, Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 203 
a Quint. 9, I, 29): Vv. INTERROGATION. 
iii.) pereontatio, or percunctatio, /f. 
(= inquiry): cf. percontationibus nihil 
reperire, Caes. B. G. 5, 13: his whole re- 
port of that conversation was derived 
From the q.s he asked his son about, etc., 
omnis ille sermo ductus e percontatione 
flii, quid in senatn esset actum, Cic. 
Brut. 60, 218: ef. id. Tim. 1. v. QUES- 
TIONING: in rhetoric, cf. id. de Or. 3, 53, 
203, V. sup. 8. rogatio. (iv.) aenigma, 
atis, n., a puzzling q. (Vv. RIDDLE): cf. 
3 Reg. x. 1-3, regina Sabae..... venit 
tentare eum in aenigmatibus (she came 
to prove him with hard q.s): et docuit 
eam Salomon omnia verba quae pro- 
posuerat (told her all her q.s) cf. 2 Para- 
lip. ix. 1-2, et exposuit ei S. omnia 
quae proposuerat, nec quidquam fuit 
quod non perspicuum ei fecerit (there 
was no q. which he did not solve). 
I]. Hence: the suggestion of a 
doubt (opp. to unquestioning assent) : 
dibitatio; v. pounT: also expr. by phrr. 
with dibius and dibito: dubium esse 
(with subj. of the thing in q.), esp. in 
the negative: if there should be any q. 
of it, si quid erit dubium, Pl. Epid. 5, 1, 
40: well! is there any q. of tt? oh! 
dubiumne id est? Ter. Kun. 1, 2, 49: 
there’s no q. about that, at all events, 
haud dubium id quidem est, Pl. Poen. 3, 
4, 27: with quin; there’s no q. of my 
son’s refusal to marry, non dubium ’st 
quin uxorem uolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 
2, 1: with de; I never had (or made) 
any q. about, etc., de Pompeii exilu 
mihi dubium nunquam fuit, Cic. Att. 
11,6: with a depend. interrog. (in less 
strong sense), it’s 7 q. which of us is the 
more modest, hoc ergo, credo, dubium 
est, uter nostrum sit verecundior, id. 
Acad. 2, 41, 126: (so, of an historical 
fact), Ambiorix copias suas judicione 
non conduxerit, an tempore exclusus, 
dubium est, Caes. B. G. 6, 31: with acc. 
and injin., there's no q. but I’m ruined 
too, periisse me una hand dubium est, 
Ter. Hec. 3,1, 46: dubium, absol. : cf. codi- 
cilli, dubium ad quem scripti, Quint. 7, 
2, 52: dubium an quaesita morte, Tac. 
I, 5: with in; non est in dubio (foll. 
by dandum), Plin. 25, 5, 24: without 
q., beyond q., out of q. (Shaksp.), sine 
dubio; and (rarely) procul dubio: v. 
UNQUESTIONABLY : DOUBTLESS: to call 
in j., to make q. of, in dubium vocare, 
venire: dubium habere. Phrr. with 
diibito, 1: in @ case where there is no 
q. of the fact or of its nature, ubi et 
factum esse certum est, nec dubitatur 
quid sit quod factum est, Quint. 3, 6, 41: 
I make no q. of if, nullus dubito: v. To 
QUESTION : TO DOUBT. II]. 4 question 
proposed for solution, or raised for dis- 
cussion: a@ question at issue, in science, 
dialectics,orlaw: 1, quaestio, f., gen. 
term: cf. Quint. 7, 1, 6, foll. (several 
exx.: also of the verb, quaeritur): si 
confessum, non poterat ibi esse quaes- 
tionem (there could be no q. so far): 
tt primum coeperif non convenire, q. 
oriebatur (a q. then arose) : non fuerunt 
adulteri: fuerunt: quaestio (there comes 
the q.), ib. 7: de jure quaeritur (the q. of 
right is raised), ib. 8: <onsiderari debet, 
quid primam quaestionem faciat (:hat 
point first raises aq.), ib.: ex conjuncta 
propositione plures esse quaestiones 
possunt (out of an issue joined many 
q.s may arise), ib. 9: videndum est in 
re q.m instituamus an in scripto (whether 
to raise aq. upon a fact 01 a document), 
ib. 13: nec tamen semper ex una lege 
q. est (does the q. depend on a single 
law), ib. 15: cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 13 (defin.), 
q. est quae ex conflictione causarum 
gignitur controversia, hoc modo, Non 
jure fecisti: Jure feci: more gen. of 
the ae of debate: cf. id. Top. 21, 
22 





QUESTION 


quaestionum duo sunt genera: alterum 
infinitum, alterum definitum: of a par- 
ticular point raised in a debate; this 
q., or argument, is thus met by the 
Stoics, huic quaestioni, sive argumento, 
ita a Stoicis occurritur, Lactant. 7, 20: 
in the widest sense; cf. perdifficilis et 
perobscura q. est de natura deorum, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 1: but at this point 
there arises a q. of some difficulty, 
whether, etc., exsistit autem hve loco 
quaedam q. subdifficilis,; num quando 
amici novi veteribus aint ante- 
ponendi, id. Am. 19, 67. To put or 
propose @ q., quaestionem ponere, pro- 
ponere ; or, ponere (alone): v. TO PUT: 
to discuss aq. of fact, cf. q. enim 
tractatur rei, an facta sit, Quint. 3, 6, 
40: let the q. be put off to another time, 
in aliud tempus q. differatur, Cic. Fin. 
5, 16, 45: a q. of intention, mentis q., 
ib.: q.s of what is honourable, right, 
expedient, ct. cui subjacent omnes de 
honestis, justis, utilibus, quaestiones, 
ib. 41: g.s about money, (i) pecuniariis 
q.bus, Quint. 12, 1, 26: a q. about boun- 
daries, quaestio finalis, Papin. Dig. 10, 
1, 11: Sid. Ep. 8, 14 (also controversia 
de finibus, or finalis; jurgium finale, 
Leg. Agr. 341-2, Goes.). Phr.: our 
neighbours here have a q. about their 
boundaries, vicini nostri hic ambigunt 
de finibus, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, go: an 
umpire appointed in a boundary 4., 
cf. arbiter Nolanis et Neapolitanis de 
finibus a senatu datus, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33: 
aq. arose between some etc. and etc. about 
etc., facta est q. ex discipulis Joannis 
cum Judaeis de purificatione, Vulg. Jo. 
iii. 25: but, if it be a q. of words and 
names, si vero q.8 sunt de verbo et 
nominibus, id. Act. xviii. 15: cf. id. 
1 lim. vi. 4, languens (doting) circa q.s 
et pugnas verborum: to be accused of 
qs of their law, accusari de quaes- 
tionibus legis ipsorum, id. Act. xxiii. 29 
(cf. q.s vero quasdam de sua supersti- 
tione, ib. xxv. 19): which only give rise 
to q.s, quae q.s praestant, id. 1 Tim. i. 4: 
foolish, unlearned, useless, vain q.s.; cf. 
stultas autem et sine disciplina q-s vita, 
id. 2 Tim. ii. 23: (ef. devita, sunt 
enim inutiles et vanae, id. Tit. iii. 9): 
skilful in q.s, etc., ef. te sciente omnia et 
quae apud Judaeos sunt consuetudines 
et q.s, id. Act. xxvi. 3. Dim., quaestiun- 
ciila, f., a minor q. arising out of one 
more general: cf. his propositis, q. 
multae nascuntur (many lesser q.s arise), 
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51: also, a trifling or 
petty q. cf. mihi nunc vos quaestiun- 
culam, de qua meo arbitratu loquar, 
ponitis? id. de Or. 1, 22, 102: cf. sunt 
etiam nonnulli acuendis puerorum in- 
geniis non inutiles lusus, quum positis 
invicem quaestiunculis aemulantur, 
Quint. 1, 3, 11. (Note: in the same 
sense, rogatiunciila: cf. that Chrysippus 
used to delight in putting the following 
petty q., illum in hac esse rogatiuncula 
delectatum, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 39.) Also 
expr. by the verb, quaero, 3, esp. in the 
pass. impers., quaeritur; quaesitum est: 
quaerendum est: a q. is raised about the 
quality and form of things, nam et 
qualis sit cujusque rei natura et quae 
forma, quaeritur, Quint. 7, 4, I: as 
though it were a q. of fact, tanquam 
de facto quaereretur, id. 3, 6, 40: the 
thing (or point) in q., quaestio, or id de 
quo quaeritur. N.B.—Quaestio and 
quaeritur are often used in the same 
connection: ef. totins enim quaestionis 
ejus, quae habetur de finibus bonorum 
et malorum (quum quaeritur, in his 
quid sit extremum, quid ultimum) fons, 
etc., Cic. Fin. §, 6, 17. 9. disceptatio, 
f. (a point in debate, and the debate 
itself). Join: disc. et quaestio: cf. 
quaecumque in disceptationem quaes- 
tionemque vocarentur (whatever might 
be the q. in debate), Cic. de Or. 3, 22, 129: 
(the branch of rhetoric) which is con- 
cerned with forensic q.s, quae in foren- 
sibus disceptationibus judiciorum aut 
deliberationum versaretur, id. ib. 1, 6, 
22: no q. of law can be settled except, etc., 
neque enim ulla juris disc. nis‘ finitione, 











QUESTION 


ee eee ee eee ——————— ee 


etc, potest explicari, Quint. 3, 6, 82: 
though there was no dispute about the 
fact, he wished the q. of right to be 
argued, quum esset controversia nulla 
facti, juris tamen disceptationem esse 
voluit, Cic. Mil. 9, 23: a q. of words (or 
of verbal discussion), cf. si verborum 
disceptationis res esset, Liv. 21, 19: also 
expr. by the verb, cf. id. ib. paulo ante, 
de foederum jure verbis disceptare (to 
discuss a verbal q. about, etc.) : also by 
the pass. impers.: Vv. TO DEBATE: TO 
piscuss. Dispitatio may also be used: 
ef. Cic. de Or. 3, 22, 126. 3. contro- 
versia, f. (a g. more formally discussed, 
esp. a@ lawsuit): with de of the thing, 
dat. of, pers.; suppose a q. of right 
arises on one side or on both, si aut alteri 
aut invicem utrique de jure fit contro- 
versia, Quint. 7.7, 9: @ q. of substance 
or of quality, aut de substantia contro- 
versiam esse, aut de qualitate, Quint. 
3, 6, 39: with cum of diff. parties: the 
q. between so-and-so, cf. ea controversia 
quam habet de fundo cum quodam 
Colophonio, Cic. Fam. 13, 69: with gen., 
when @ q. arose, as usual, etc. cum 
quaedam in collibus, ut solet, contro- 
versia pastorum esset orta, Cic. Clu. 
59 161: with inter: cf. controversia 
est inter scriptores de numero annorum, 
Cic. Brut. 18, 72. To bring on a q., to 
bring a q. forward for discussion, rem 
ducere in controversiam, Quint. 3, 8, 525 
rem deducere in c., Caes. B. G. 9, 635 
rem adducere in c., Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 1835 
rem in dicendi c. aut disceptationem 
vocare, id. ib. 2,72, 291: to raise a q., 
c. facere: cf.in quo non aut res ¢. faciat, 
aut verba, id. Or. 34, 121. Pass., tt be. 
comes a q., Tes in controversiam (quaes- 
tionem, contentionem, disceptationem), 
vocatur, adducitur, deducitur; or, vo- 
cari, etc., potest; or, venit. Without, 
beyond q., sine controversia, id. Off. 3, 2, 
73 sine ulla controversia, id. Caecin. 7, 
19: there was no q. about, etc., at con- 
troversia non erat, quin verum dicerent, 
id. Caecin. 11, 11. A verbal q., cf. verbi 
enim c. tamdiu torquet Graeculos ho- 
mines, id. de Orat. I, II, 47: omnem 
contentionem esse inter homines doctos 
in verbi controversia positam (turns 
upon a verbal q.), ib. 23,107. The point in 
q. is, etc., jure fecerit, et licueritne facere, 
id in c, est, Auct. ad Her. 1, 10, 17: the 
q. that remains open, quid in c. relin- 
quatur, ib. (also in contr. versari): g.s 
upon the meaning of a document, con- 
troversiae ex scripti interpretatione, id. 
de Or. 1, 31, 140: to define the q. in dis- 


pute, controversiam constituere, ib. 31, 


143: to settle aq.,c. dirimere, id. Off. 3, 
33,119. Phr.: (inargument): a begging 
of the q., petitio principii (Med. Lat.). 
(Note: use similarly, sometimes, dispu- 
tatio, contentio.) 4, lis, litis, f. (prop. 
a legal term, but used generally): the q. 
is still unsettled (or, the point ws still in 
q.), adhuc sub judice lis est, Hor. A. P. 
"8: to solve one hard q. by another, 
litem lite resolvere, id. S. 2, 3, 103. 
5, expr. by such gen. words as res, 
causa, pronouns, and neuters used sub- 
stantively, with verbs of cognate sense : 
[cr CASE: MATTER]: esp. (i.) Agito, 1: 
oin: the orator ought to examine, 
discuss, handle, and weigh all possible 
qs, oratori omnia quaesita, disputata, 
tractata, agitata ease debent, Cic. de Or. 
3,14: while I turn over that q. in my 
mind, quum eam rem in corde agito, Pl. 
True. 2, 5, 3: the q. occupies his whole 
thoughts, habet nibil aliud quod agitet 
in mente, Cic. N. D. 1, 41: these g.s 
having been discussed, his rebus agi- 
tatis, Caes. B. G. 7, 2: (Note: the 
simple ago, properly signifies formal 
and especially’ judicial treatment, but 
is often the best word to use more 
widely: see No. 1V.): (ii) comp. cdgito, 
1: to turn over a q. in one’s mind, 
cogitare in animo, Ter. Ad. 1, I, 5: to 
apply one’s whole mind to a q., toto 
animo cog., Cic. Fam. 1, 7: Join, agito 
et cogito: vos saepius eandem rem (the 
same q.) animis agitare et diutius uno 
de teste cogitare potestis, id. Font. 6 


QUESTION 








12: comp. excogito, 1, to think out a q., 
ef. ad haec igitur cogita, vel potius exco- 
gita, Cic. Att. 9, 6, Jin. (iii.) Phr.: to 
discuss aq. (of science, etc.), de aliqua 
re disputare, disserere: v. TO DISCUSS : 
the q. is (in conversation), sermo est 
de: v. CONVERSATION: TO CONVERSE: 
(iv.) to determine, decide, form a judg- 
ment on a q., jiidico, 1, with de (gen. 
in legal sense), or acc.: men decide far 
more q.s (form far more judgments) 
from, etc., than, etc., plura enim multo 
judicant odio, etc., quam veritate, etc., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 42, 178: to form a 
judgment on the whole q., de tota re et 
causa judicare, Cic.: such q.s are not 
judged of by number but by weight, non 
enim numero haec judicantur, sed pon- 
dere, id. Off. 2, 22, 79: (v.) to examine, 
weigh, etc., ¢.s: examinare, perpendére, 
etc.: see the verbs. IV. Hence, a 
formal inquiry, esp. a judicial inves- 
tigation: Vv. INQUIRY; INQUISITION : 
TRIAL: 1, expr. gen. by quaestio, 
quaeri, and other words given under 
ILI.: ef. aestivum tempus instantis belli, 
non quaestionis esse arbitrabatur, (v. e. 
for investigating a q. of suspected trea- 
son), Caes. B. G. 6, 4: cf. cum praetor 
quaestionem inter sicarios exercuisset 
(zi. e. had presided at trials for assassi- 
nation), Cic. Fin. 2, 16: with de of the 
crime: cf. constituitur q. de furto, Cic. 
Clu. 64, 181: q. de morte viri habere, id. 
ib. 65, 182: being in doubt about a q. 
(i.e. a case) of that sort, haesitans 
autem ego de ejusmodi quaestione, Vulg. 
Act. xxv. 20: to try to escape the q. (i. é. 
to flee from trial), q. fugitare, Cic. R. A. 
28, 78: expr. by the verb quaero: cf. ut 
Consules de re atroci mugnaque quaer- 
erent, Cic. Brut. 22, 85: to raise a q. 
(as a legal issue): cf. cui ne quaerendi 
quidem de morte patris potestas per- 
mittitur, Cie. R. A. 28, 78. Q. expr. 
by phrr. with jus, jidicium, and jidico, 
the q. itself being sometimes expressed 
by res, causa, or a pronoun [v. CASE: 
MATTER: ISSUE]: to give an opinion on 
a q. of law, de jure alicui respondere, 
Cic. de Or 2, 33: to bring a q. to trial, 
deducere causam aliquam in judicium, 
Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 7: (also, rem in me- 
dium vocare, Cic. Clu. 28): to give 
judgment on a q., jus dicere, (Cic.) ;— 
between (the parties), de re judicare 
inter, id. de Or. 1, 39, 176: to decide a q. 
against (a party), aliquid contra ali- 
quem judicare, id. Flacc. 20: to call any 
one in q. (bring him to a legal account 
for his conduct), aliquem in jus vocare, 
Cic. Quint. 19; in judicium vocare, id. 
Balb. 28: (in crimen vocare, Nep. ‘lim. 
3): expr. by the verb with de, cf. de spe 
et resurrectione mortuorum ego judicor, 
Vulg. Act. xxiii.6; cf.xxiv.21. 3, expr. 
by argiio, 3; with gen. of the offence; 
ef. viros mortuos summi sceleris arg., 
Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26: we are in danger 
to be called in q. for this day’s uproar, 
periclitamur argui seditionis hodiernae, 
Vulg. Act. xix. go: with de and abl.: 
cf. de eo crimine, quo de arguantur, Cic. 
Inv. 2, 11, 37: with acc. and infin.: cf. 
quae me arguit hance e domo ab se subri- 
puisse (calls me in q. as having), PI. 
Men. 5, 2, 62: with acc. and ut: cf. 
hune ut dominum et tyrannum, illum 
ut proditorem arguentes, Just. 22, 3: 
with obj ofathing: he called the census- 
returns in q. as being false, arguebat et 
perperam editos censns, Suet. Cal. 38. 

4. esp. expr. by ago, égi, actum, 3, 
to discuss, treat, raise a q., in @ legal or 
constitutional sense: constr. with rem 
or de re: also absol. in act. and in 
impers. pass.: cf de poena alicujus ag., 
Liv. 5, 35: de agro plebis ag,, id. 1, 46: 
absol.; Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere 
coepit, Nep. Alc. 8: impers pass. : 
when the q. of, etc., was under discussion 
in the Senate, quum de Catilinae con- 
juratione ageretur in curia, Suet. Aug. 
94: as a constitutional formula, agere 
cum, to put a q. to the people (for their 
votes). cf. Gell. 13, 15> agere cum populo 
de republica. Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 12: used 
with referre ad (to put a q. to the 








QUESTION 





Senate): that no one should hereafter 
bring any q. about these men either 
before the Senate or the people, ne quis 
de cis postea ad senatum referat, neve 
cum populo agat, Sall. Cat. 51, jin.: of 
legal proceedings: to raise a q. accord- 
ing to the law (=to bring an action), 
rem agere ex jure, lege, causa (or abl. 
without ex), v. acTion: cf. non enim 
gladiis mecum sed litibus agetur (the q. 
between us will have to be settled not by, 
etc.), Cic. Q. F. 1, 4: it is a q. not of his 
life, but of his money, non capitis ejus 
res agitur, sed pecuniae, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 
26: Fig., of interests at stake: the q. is 
of, etc., agitur populi Romani gloria, 
agitur, etc. (repeated clause after claus’), 
Cic. Manil. 2, 6: cf. id. Verr. 4, 51: the 
q. ts yours, tua res agitur, Hor. Ep. 1, 
18, 84: in perf. pass., the q. is seltled, or 
closed (tig. from a suit decided, and not 
to be re-opened), acta haec res est (= all 
is lost), Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3. Phr.: i 
is out of the q., fieri non potest, non est 
agendum. V. Hence, torture as a 
means of judicial examination (derived 
from the Greek and Roman custom of 
taking the evidence of slaves under 
torture): quaestio, f., and the verb: 
A. alone: to put a slave to the q., 
quaestionem habere de servo, with gen. of 
the subject of inquiry ; cf. mortis pater- 
nae de servis paternis quaestionem 
habere filio non licet, Cic. R. A. 28, 78: 
(cf. id. Mil. 22, 59): for slaves to be put 
to the q., ex servis quaeri, with de of the 
subject (pass. impers.): cf. dum ex iis 
de patris morte quaeratur, ib.: ut ex 
his quaeratur, ego postulo, ib. 77: to 
promise to produce slaves for the q., 
servos in q. polliceri, ib.: to demand the 
production of slaves for the q., servos in 
q. postulare (with ab of the persons who 
are to produce them): cf. aliquoties 
duos servos paternos in q. ab adver- 
sariis, S. Rosc. postulavit, ib. : ef id. Clu. 
64, 181: to give up a slave to a person 
Jor the q. ie torture), servum in q. 
ferre (with dat. of the person), ib.: said 
of oneself, ille quaestioni corpus offerre, 
Curt. 4, 10, 33: with in of the person 
against whom the evidence is taken: 
slaves cannot be put to the q. against 
their master, except in a case of sacri- 
lege, de servis nulla q. est in dominum, 
nisi de incestu, Cic. Mil. 22, 59: so with 
verb: majores nostri in dominum de 
servo quaeri noluerunt, ib.: in reum de 
servis accusatoris quum quaeritur, ib. 
B. 1, with words expressive of tor- 
ture: he put (him) to the q. concerning 
the public money by stripes and tortures 
(or instruments of torture), verberibus ac 
tormentis quaestionem habuit pecuniae 
publicae, Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5 —Hence (in 
late Latin) the adj. quaestionatus, put 
to the q.: cf. tot confessores quaes- 
tionati et torti, Cyprian. Ep. 69, . 6: 
and the subs. quaestiOnarius, the execu- 
tioner who applies the q, Cod. Theod. 
16% 123) 2. quaesitio, (rare): cf. 
cum postero ad quaesitionem retrahe- 
retur, proripuit se custodibus, Tac. A. 
4, 45- 
question (v.): |._ To put a q. 
(or g.s) to a person: 1, régo, 1, and 
interrdgo, with acc. of person, and acc. 
or deof thing: v. To ASK. 2, quaero, 3, 
with acc., or dep. interr Clause, of thing, 
and a, de, or ex, of person: V TO ASK: 
TO INQUIRE. Compd. exquiro, with acc. 
of person: cf. idem ego dicam, si me 
exquiret miles, Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 91: also 
with ace. of thing, and a, de, or ex of 
person: Vv. TOINQUIRE: TOLEARN. Also 
in the reflective and mutual sense, to 
q. with oneself, to q. with others (i.e. to 
debate by gq. and answer): cf. secum et 
cum aliis, quid in eo peccatum sit, ex- 
quirunt, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 147: in this 
sense also (in late Latin), quaero and 
conquiro: ef. et ipsi coeperunt quaerere 
inter se, quis esset ex lis, qui hoe fac- 
turus esset, Vulg. Luc. xxii. 23: conquiro 
with cum: id. Mare, viii. 11: id. ix. 13 
(14): with inter se, id. i. 27. id. ix. 15 
(16): with apud se id. ix. 9 (10), 3: 
percontor (percunctor), 1, dep., to q. about 


a 


QUIBBLE 





some specific object of investigation ; 
with acc, of person and de of thing: cf. 

rcunctatus regionis peritos de uscensu 

aemi, Liv. 40, 21: cf. me infit per- 
contarier, ecquem noverim Demaene- 
tum, PL Asin. 2, 2, 76: with two 
accs.: if any one qg.s you about (or 
asks you) my age, meum siquis te per- 
contabitur aevum, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 26; 
with ex of person and ace. of thing: 
if you had q.d others about me, si esses 
percontatus me ex aliis, Pl. As. 2, 4, 95: 
absol.: by q.ing, etc, Jvin: percon- 
tando atque interrogandy elicere ali- 
cujus opinionem, Cic. Fin. 2, 1: cf. To 
ASK. Il. 70 call in q., throw doubt 
upon, dispute (a thing or statement); 
diabito, 1, with ace. or de: addiibiv, 1: 
in dubium or dubitationem vocare: in 
dubio ponere: v. TO DOUBT: TO DIS- 
PUTE: QUESTION (s.) 1l.: it canned, then, 
be q.’d that, non potest igitur dubitart 
quin, Cic. Acad. 2, 9, 27. Phr.: d’ye 
doubt it? an dubium tibi ’st? Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 1, 28. 

questionable: incertus: ambiguus: 
anceps: de quo dubitari potest: vy, 
DOUBTFUL : UNCERTAIN. 

questionary : consisting of ques- 
tions (a sense distinct from interro- 
gative, nearer to interrogatory: e. g. 
“T return no answer to q. epistles half 
a yard long,’ Pope): quaestionarius: 
*q. epistolae, like q. actiones, Callistr. 
Dig. 11, 1, 1. 

questioner : {. In gen. sense 
percontator, m., Pl. Men. 5,5, 31: Hor 
Ep. 1, 18, 69: Vv. INQUIRER. |]. in 
technical and legal sense: interrogator 
m., Ulp. Dig. 11, I, 11: Quaesitor, m. : 
V. EXAMINER: INQUISITOR. 

questioning (subs.): |, An ask- 
ing of questions: —, interrdgatlo, /.: 
to persist in q., instare interrogatione, 
Quint. 6, 3, 38: abstr. by the method (or 
form) of q., per interrogationem, id. 8, 
5, 5: in judicial sense: the q. of wit- 
nesses, cf. sed testium interrogationi, 
tormentis servorum, Macronem praese- 
disse, Tac. A. 6, 47: V. EXAMINATION. 

Q, rogatio, f.: the method of q. (in 

rhetoric): rogatio atque huic finitima 
quasi percontatio, Cic. de Or, 3, 53, 203: 
also quoted by Quint. 9, 1, 29. 3. 
percontatio, f.: cf. Ac primum quidem 
tempus salutationibus, reliquum percon- 
tatione consumpsimus (in q. him [P. 
Nigidius], or in g.ings with one another, 
about philosophy), Cic. Tim. 1. Il. 
The act of doubting or calling in q., expr. 
by the subs., and verbs under QUESTION 
and TO QUESTION: Cf. DOUBTING. ill. 
In the technical and leyal sense: inter- 


rogatio, v. sup.: also quaestio: quae- 
sitio: inquisitio: disquisitio: Vv. EXA- 
MINATION : INVESTIGATION. In all 


senses, expr. also by the verbs, and esp. 
by the gerunds and gerundives. 
questionless (adv.): haud dubie: 
indubitanter (late): sine dubio or dubi- 
tatione: procul dubio: citra controver- 
siam: certo: certe. certissime: Vv. CER- 
TAINLY : DOUBTLESS: UNDOUBTEDLY; 
UNQUESTIONABLY. 
quibble, auibbling (suis): 1. 
captio, f.: dialectic q.s, c. dialecticae, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17: to answer q.8, cap- 
tiones refellére, Cic. Fat. 13,30 c. discu- 
tere, id. Acad. 2, 15, 46: and dim. cap- 
tiunciila, #.: id. ALL. 15, 7: V. SOPHISM: 
adv., to speak in q.s, captiose dicere ; 
to use contemptible q.s, cf. quo nibil 
captiosius potest dici, id. Rose, Com. 17 
52. Q. cavilla, 7. (very rare): come, 
no quibbling ! aufer cavillany! Pl. Aul. 
4,4, 11: deriv. cavillitio, f.: @ q. about 
a name, nominis ¢., Suet. Gramm, 3: cf. 
c. infelix verborum, Quint. Io, 7, 14: 
cavillationes ineptae, id. 7. 9, 4: sine 
metu cavillationis, id. 2, 14,5. ef. QUIRK. 
8, cilumnia, /.: cf. res ab adversariis 
nostris extracta est variis caluniniis, 
Cic. Fam. 4, I. 4, ambages, ium, 
f. pl.: leave off q.g and attend to 
me, ambages mitte atque hoc age, 
Pl. Cist. 4, 2, 81: to invent, or hunt 
up childish qs, cf. vix pueris dignas 
amb. exquirere, Liv. 9, 11, fin. 
623 


QUIBBLE 


QUICK 


QUICK 





argutidla, f., Gell. 9, 14, fin. 
sdphisma, atis, m. (=captio in later 
writers): Gell. 18, 13. 7. quaestiun- 
cuila vafra: Sen. Ep. iii. 1. 

quibble (v.): 1, calvor, 3, dep. 
(obsol.): St.CALVITUR.PEDEMVE.STRUIT., 
Fragm. xii. Tab. in Fest. s. v. struere : 
Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 233: cf. to gq. on the 
resemblance of words, te vocis calvi 
similitudine, Pac. in Non. 6, 29: Pass. 
Impers. cf. contra ille calvi ratus, Sall. 
Hist. Fragm. ib. 7, 8. 9. cavillor, 
atus, dep.: cf. cavillari tum tribuni, 
Liv. 3, 20: verba patrum cavillantem 
(quibbling about), ‘Vac. A. 1, 46: cap- 
tiose dicere, v. swp. 8S. QUIBBLE (subs.). 

quibbler: 1, expr. by swbs. and 
v. 8. V. QUIBBLE: 9, calumniator, m. : 
ef. si calvitur et moretur et frustretur, 
inde et calumniatores appellati sunt, 
quia per fraudem et frustrationem alios 
vexarent litibus, Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 223. 

3, cavillator (prop. a scoffer) may 

also be used: a@ clever q., c. facetus, Pl. 
Mil. 3, 1, 46. 

quibbling (adj.): captidsus. Join: 
fallax et captiosus: cf. animi fallacibus 
et captiosis interrogationibus circum- 
scripti atque decepti, Cic. Acad. 2, 15, 46: 
also expr. by adv.: to ask q. questions, 
captiose interrogare, ib. 2, 29,94. Phr-.: 
q. sophisms, contorta et aculeata so- 
phismata, ib. 2, 24,75. Phr.: to give 
sophistical and q. expositions of the law, 
sophistice interpretari legem et cavillari, 
Cod. Justin. 8, 10, 12, § 3. 

quick (adj.): |, Alive (orig. sense : 
freq. in SS. and old writers : now obsol. 
except in some derivatives: v. QUICK 
subs.) : QUICK-LIME, etc.) : 1, vivus: 

ulg. Ps. exxili. 3 (cxxiv. 3): opp. to 
mortuus: used with judex, id. Act. x. 
42: with judicare, 1 Pet. iv. 5: qui judi- 
caturus est vivos et mortuos, 2 Tim. iv. 
1 (cf. * thence shall come, With glory 
and power, to judge both q. and dead,” 
Milton): sometimes vivens; to go down 
q. into hell (or, the pit), descendere vi- 
ventes in infernum, id. Num. xvi. 30: 
Ps. liv. 16 (lv. 15): q. raw flesh, caro 
viva, id. Lev. xiii. 10: ¢. vivens, ib. 
24. Join: vivus vidensque, Cic. Quint. 
15, 50: id. Sest. 27, 59: v. ALIVE: perh. 
vivax, by analogy fr. Ov. M. 1, 420. 
Phr.: q. with child, *fetu vivo gra- 
vida vel praegnans (Ainsw.): to be q. 
with child, *fetum vivum utero gestare 
(id.). 2, animans (q. with life): cf. 
mundus est animans et compos rationis, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 8. 3. animosus: Fig. 
likenesses q. with life, animosa signa, 
Prop. 3,7,9: — [|. Hence, lively, viva- 
cious (q. v.), opp. to slow, dull: il, 
vivus (rare in this sense): a face q. with 
expression, vivus vultus, Virg. Aen. 6, 
849: cf. vivus et ingenuus animi, Plin. Ep. 
8,6: a man of q. feeling, vivi pectoris 
homo, Arn. 3, 103. Q. vivax, acis, m. 
(late in this sense: in Virg. Hor., etc. 
= long-lived) : cf. (discipuli) paulo viva- 
ciores, Quint. 2, 6, 3: of things, v. sulfura 
(quick-burning), Ov. M. 3, 374: (adv.) 
with q. intelligence, vivaciter: cf. v. 
pertractare res mysticas, Fulg. Myth. 1, 
praef. med. 3. vividus: cf. vivida 
vis animi pervicit, Lucr. I, 73: @ q. 
spirit, v.ingenium (i.e. lively, energetic, 
and somewhat hasty), Liv. 2, 48: cf. vi- 
vidior spiritus, Val. Max. 5, 1, 1,extr.: v. 
LIVELY, ALIVE. 4, vivatus(anold word), 
V. QUICKENED. §, animatus, v. QUICK- 
ENED. Phr.: of a quick temper, acer: 
iracundus: v. TEMPER. [I]. Active, 
sprightly. speedy, opp. to slow, sluggish, 
tardy : (this sense is often hardly dis- 
tinguishable from quick of motion, v. 
No. IV.): 1. agilis, €: of persons: 
ef. vir gnavus, ag., providns, Vell. 2, 105: 
ef. oderunt sedatum celeres, agilem gna- 
vumque remissi, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, go: @ q. 
mind, animus agilis, Sen. Trang. 2: of 
things: cf. argumentatio agilior et acrior 
et instantior, Quint. 11, 3, 164: ag. and 
easy victory, agilem dari facilemque vic- 
toriam, Sisenn. in Non. 58, I. OF 
Alacer, cris, cré: with ad: q. to do evil, 
al. ad maleficia, Auct. Her. 2, 30. Comp. 
ef. alacriores ad reliquum persolvendum, 

624 


6.1 











ib. 31: absol.: of things, swords q. to cut, 
alacres enses, Claud. Eutrop. 2, 280. 
Join: al. et promptus: cf. ad bella 
suscipienda Gallorum alacer et promptus 
est animus, Caes. B. G. 3, 19, fin.: expr. 
by subs.: I’m very q. to go to law, mira 
sum alacritate ad litigandum, Cic. Att. 
by 8 eS 3. facilis, é: v. READY, EASY. 
Join: facilis et expeditus ad dicendum 
(q. and ready), Cic. Brut. 48, 180. 4, 
promptus: absol., opp. to segnis; cf. 
laudat promptos, segniores castigat, Caes, 
B. C. 1, 3: ef. promptissimus homo, Cic. 
Verr. 4,17. Join: g.and fluent speech, 
prompta et profluens eloquentia, Tac. A. 
13, 3: with gen.: quichk-witted, promptus 
animi, id. H. 2, 23: with abl.: non 
promptus ingenio, Liv. 4, 3: q. of speech 
(of a q. tongue), lingua pr., id. 2, 45, fin. : 
with ad and acc.: q. to meet danger, 
promptiores ad pericula, Cic. Off. 1, 24: 
with in and ace.: q. in yielding to fear, 
pr. in pavorem, Tac. A. 15, 24, fin.: 
q. to flatter, pr. in adulationes, ib, 15, 61: 
with adversus (rare): q. to condemn the 
guiltless, pr. adversus insontes, ib. 6, 48, 
jinx. Join: promptus et facilis ad ex- 
temporalitatem usque, Suet. lib. 3: ser- 
mone Graeco pr. et facilis, id. Tib. 71. 

5, piratus: a q. (i. e. easy) victory, 
p. victoria, Liv. 5,6: with dat.: a mind 
q. to crimes, animus paratus sceleribus, 
Tac. A. 12, 47: with ad and acc.: Join: 
quo paratior ad usum forensem promp- 
tiorque esse possim (quicker and readier), 
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13. 6. expéditus: 
Join: exp. et paratus: we want a q. 
and ready man, expedito nobis homine 
et parato opus est, Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 26. 
Join: expedita erat et perfacile cur- 
rens oratio (q. and very fluent), Cic. 
Brut. 63, 227: with ad: cf. expeditus ad 
caedem, Cic. Agr. 2, 30,82. Note: this 
may be used for a g. return of money: 
cf. pecunia expeditissima, id. Fam. 11, 
24: also expr. by adv. and verb : I'll be q. 
about it, *expedite (rem) facturus sum: 
* (rem) breviter expediam (Ainsw.): to 
be q. of speech, expedite loqui, Suet. Aug. 
89: to have a q. passage (voyage), ex- 
pedite navigare, Cic. Att. 6, 8. 7. im- 
piger, gra, grum (v. ACTIVE): cf. impiger, 
iracundus, inexorabilis, acer, Hor. A. P. 
121: cf. impigrae mentis experientia, 
Lucr. 5, 1451: with the abl.: impiger 
manu, Tac. A. 3,20: with in and abl.: 
in scribendo impiger, Cic. Fam. 2, 1: 
with inf.: q. to harass, etc., impiger 
hostium vexare turmas, Hor. Od. 4, 14, 
22: as abl. of quality: cf. Jugurtha ut 
erat impigro atque acri ingenio, Sall. J. 7. 

8, acer, cris, cre (V. SHARP, KEEN): 
of the senses: a very q. sight, acerrimus 
sensus videndi, Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357. 
Join: acer atque acutus (q. and sharp : 
opp. hébes, blunt, dull): Pm. Rm. 
aures hebetiores, oculos acres atque 
acutos habere, Cic. Planc. 27,66: (Note: 
acer more gen. denotes the intensity of 
the light, sound, taste, etc.): of the 
mind: vir acri ingenio, id. Or. § (cf. Cic. 
Sest. 20: Nep. Alc. 5): a q. memory, a. 
memoria, id. de Or. 2, 87: of passions, 
etc., cf. acri ira percitus, Lucr. 5, 400: 
(Vv. ARDENT, EAGER). For acer joined 
with impiger, v. supr. 9. aciitus (v. 
SHARP: ACUTE: KEEN): a man of q. 
parts rather than of learning, homo ac. 
Magis quam eruditus, Cic. Att. 12, 38: 
cf. hominis acuti et exercitatissimi, Cic, 
Brut. 42, 154: of the senses: a q. scent 
(fig.), Hor. S. 1, 3, 29: in this sense also 
Phr. (homo) emunctae naris (q. of per- 
ception), Hor. S. 1, 4,8: Phaedr. 3, 3, 14. 

10. argitus: eyes too gq. (of ex- 
pression), oculi nimis arguti, quem ad 
modum animo affecti sumus, loquuntur, 
Cic. Leg. I, 9, 27: q. wit, arg. acumen, 
Hor. A. P. 364. 11. perspicax, acis: 
prop. q. of sight: cf. homo perspicacior 
Lynceo vel Argo et oculeus totus, Apul. 
M. 2, p. 124: fig. of mental acute- 
ness (as “ the q.-sighted Mr. Canning :’”” 
Brougham): cf. ego me non tam astutum 
neque ita perspicacem esse id scio, Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 1, 1: with ad aliquam rem, ib. 
2, 3, 129. Join: assequemur et id, 
quod acutum et perspicax natura est, 


Cic. Off. 1, 28. 12, sigax, acis: prop. 
q. of scent (of a dog): v. KEEN: ct, 
sagax nasum habet, Pl. Cure. 1, 2, 17: 
‘of the senses in gen.; a palate q. of taste, 
palatum in gustu sagacissimum, Plin. 8. 
37, 35: of mental and moral qualities ; 
a q. intellect, 8, mens, Lucr. 1, 1021: 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67: (cf. for sagax with 
acutus and other such epithets, id. Tuse. 
5, 23, 67): with inf, q. to see future 
events, 8. quondam ventura videre, Ov. 
M. 5, 146: with ad; gq. to suspect, ad 
suspicandum sagacissimus, Cic. 1, 8, 19: 
with in and abl., vir in conjecturis saga- 
cissimus, Just. 1, 9: with abl. alone: 
civitas rimandis offensis s., Tac. H. 5, 11. 

13. versatilis, e (that can turn to 
anything: V. VERSATILE): cf. v. inge- 
nium, Liv. 39, 40: and versiitus (lit. 
turned: more usu. in bad sense, but 
not always). Join: homo versutus et 
callidus: versutos eos appello, quorum 
celeriter mens versatur: callidos autem, 
quorum, tanquam manus opere, sic 
animus usu concalluit, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 

25. Join: animus acutus et versutus, 
id. de Or. 2, 20, 84: in bad sense, 
Join: hoc est hominis versuti, obscuri, 
astuti, fallacis, malitivsi, callidi, vetera- 
toris, vafri, id. Off. 3, 13,57: with gen.: 
v. ingenii, Plin. 7,12, 10. 14, For the 
quickness acquired by practice, use (i.) 
callidus (v. supr.): with ad: qg. to get 
gain, ad suum quaestum c., Pl. Asin. 1, 
3, 34: with inf.; c. quidquid placuit 
jocoso condere furto, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 7: 
V.CLEVER. ii.) sollers, ertis: v. ACCOM- 
PLISHED, (iii.) exercitatus (in aliqua re) : 
quick at: (iv.) peritus (alicui rei); v. 
PRACTISED: EXPERT. IV. Of motion : 
swift, speedy, hasty: also, in good time: 
(opp. to slow, tardy): 1. céler, éris, 
ére (also celeris, in masc.) : lit. of persons 
or things in motion, Vv. RAPID, SWIFT : 
q. wings, cf. celeres neque commovent 
alas, Virg. Aen. 5, 217: constr. with 
gen. of gerund, @ q. swimmer, c. nandi, 
Sil. 4, 587: joined with propere: be as 
q. as you can, fac te propere celerem, 
Pl. Trin. 4, 3, 1: (also expr. by expedi, 
id. Stich, 2, 2, 11): I’ve had such @ 
q. run, etc. ita celeri curriculoe fui 
propere e portu, tui honoris causa, id. 
Stich. 2, 3, 11: of the movement of 
words in prose or verse, Join: oratio 
celeris et concitata, Cic. de Or. 2, 
21: pedes longi graviorem faciunt ora- 
tionem, breves celerem atque mobilem, 
Quint. 9, 4: celeres iambos (expressive 
of rage), Hor. Od. 1, 16, 24: Fig. mens, 
qua nihil est celerius, Cic. Or. 59, 200: 
with ref. to actions and results (= speedy, 
opp. to tardus): that they might secure 
“aq. return” (Milton), ut c. receptum 
haberent, Caes. B,C. 1, 59. Join: celer 
et facilis: ita magnarum initia rerum 

celerem et facilem exitum habu- 
erunt (a q. and simple issue), ib. 3, 22: 
a q. victory (i. e. quickly gained), elati 
spe celeris victoriae, id. B. G. 7, 47: 
(naval warfare) as being subject to q. 
and unsettled movements, (or changes), 
ut quae (sc. res) celerem atque insta- 
bilem motum haberent, ib. 4,23: constr. 
with infin.: g. to—, or q. in —ing (or 
q. by —ing), ef. c. alto latitantem fru- 

ticeto excipere aprum, Hor. Od. 3, 12, 
II: ¢. pronos voluere menses, ib. 4, 6, 
39: q. in the pursuit, c. sequi, ib. I, 15, 
18: q. to anger, c. irasci, id. Ep. 1, 20, 25: 
in sense of hasty, sudden: c. mors, Tib. 
4, 1, 2053; c. desperatio rerum, Liv. 21, 1. 
Sup., fata celerrima, Virg. Aen. 12, 507: 
the q.est (motion), celerrimus (opp. to 
tardissimus), Cic. Tim.g, Expr. by subs., 
q. and slow motions, celeritates tardi- 
tatesque, ib. Expr. by the adv.: cf. 
Caesar alteram alam mittit, qui sata- 
gentibus celeriter occurrerent (to give q. 
succour to), Auct. B, Afr, 78: comp. 
if there was any occasion for a bold ad- 
vance or a q. retreat, si quo erat longius 
prodeundum aut celerius recipiendum, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 48, jin. (Note: in this 
and the foll. words, the adj. is often 
expr. by the adv. and vice versé. Adj. 
adv., subs., and verb, may often be used 
interchangeably as between Eng. and 











QUICK 


QUICK-FOOTED 


QUICKEN 





Lat.) 
swift: of things: @ q. sailer, velocem 
(sc. carinam), Virg. Aen. 5, 116: @ q. 
passage (voyaje), v. navigatio, Quint. 
12, 2, 24: q. (or speedy) victory, V. vic- 
toria, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 64: a q. poison 
(quickly working), Vv. toxicum, id. Epod, 
17, 61: q. speed, v. celeritas, Plin. 10, 
24, 34: with inf.: q. to retreat, absistere 
v., Stat. Th. 6, 797: fig., nothing is 
quicker than thought, nihil est animo 
velocius, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43 (cf. double 
meaning, peregre est animus sine cor- 
pore v., Hor. Ep. 1, 12, £3): with abl. : 
v. ingenio, Tac. Agr. (3; in abl., of qua- 
lity; ingenio veloci et mobili, Quint. 6, 
4,8. Comp.: Join: acutior atque ve- 
locior in urbanitate brevitas, id. 6, 3, 45. 
8. pernix, icis (swift, nimble, active, 
speedy): q. messengers, p. nuntii, Tac. H. 
3,40: aq.-/ooted vace, p. genus, ib, 2, 13: 
with q. feet, (poet.) pernicibus plantis, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 718: men of light bodies, 
and q. through constant exercise, levium 
corporum homines, et multa exercita- 
tione pernicium, Liv. 28, 20: gq. leaps, 
p. saltus, Plin. 9, 47, 71: cf. saltu p. 
tollere corpus, Lucr. 5, 560: cf. temporis 
pernicissimi celeritas, Sen. Ep. 108 : 
constr. with abl., q. of hand, pernix 
sum manibus, Pl. Mi. 311,70 3020g) tn 
iving up hobbies, amata relinquere p., 
or. A. P. 165: expr. by the subs.: cf. 
monocoli) mirae pernicitatis ad saltum, 
lin. 7, 2,2,§23. 4, citus (in q. mo- 
tion, rapid, hurried): a q. ship, ¢. navis, 
Ov. M. 15, 732: cf. c. classis, Hor. Od. 1, 
37, 24: to pursue with q. chariots, c. qua- 
drigis persequi, Pl. Aul. 4, I, 14: a q. 
horse, (poet.) quadrupedemque citum, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 714: of persons: the q. 
hunter, c. venator, Hor. Od. 1, 37, 18: 
a q. writer, ad scribendum c., Pl. Bac. 
4, 4, 86: soldiers on aq. march, c. milites, 
Tac. A. 11, 1: c. legiones, ib. 14, 26: of 
the motion itself: by a gq. march, cito 
ugmine, ib. t, 63: a q. journey, c. via, 
Liv. 33, 48: citus mod» modo tardus in- 
cessus (his step), Sall. C. 15: of vocal 
sounds, (vox) cita, opp. to tarda, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 57, 216: the iamb, a q. foot, 
iambus, pes citus, Hor. A. P. 252: fig. 
(of a battle); concurritur: horae mo- 
mento cita mors venit, aut victoria 
laeta (q. death, opp. to lingering disease), 
id. S. 1,1, 8. Deriv. citatus (v. HASTY): 
they led, etc., at q. step, citato gradu in 
hostem ducebant (opp. to presso gradu 
incedere), Liv. 28,14: comp. by a quicker 
march, etc., citatiore, quam inde venerat, 
agmine, die sexto ad stativa sua, atque 
ad hostem, pervenit, id. 27, 50: sup., 
quam citatissimo poterant agmine sese 
abripuerunt, id. 22, 6: a q. utterance, 
¢. pronunciatio (opp. to pressa) : (cf.); ef. 
ideoque Roscius citatior, Aesopus gra- 
vior fuit, Quint. 11, 3, 111. Join: cit. 
et celer: in argumentis citati atque 
ipso etiam motu celeres sumus, id. 9, 4, 
138. Compd. incitus: cf. (poet.) venti vis 
incita, Lucr. 1, 272: inc. hasta, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 492: inc. silex, Sil. 1, 491: 
Join: inciti atque alacres delphini, 
Poet. in Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 89: concitatus: 
the rotation of which is quicker, cujus 
{coeli) conversio est concitatior, Cic, 
Rep. 6, 18: concitatissimus corporis 
motus, Quint. 2, 11, 4: incitatus: at 
@ q. run, cursu incitato, Caes. B. G. 
2. 26: by the very q. rotation of 
the universe, totius mundi incitatissi- 
ma conversione, Cic. Rep. 6, 18: a 
quicker currnt of speech, cursus in 
oratione incitatior, id. Or. 59, 201. 


§, Gcior, ius (comp.): v. FLEET: ! 


SWIFT: to pass over (a space) in a quicker 
time, ociore transire spatio, Plin. 2,19, 17. 
Sup. (= earliest): ct. ocissimus partus, 
id. 8, 43, 68. 6, praeceps: Vv. SWIFT: 
RUSHING: HEADLONG : praecipites nuntii, 
Tac. H. 2, 6. 7. propeérus (in haste: 
speedy): the q. chavioteers, p. aurigae, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 85: Cerealis comes up by 
aq. march, C. ». agmine subvenit, Tac. 
H. 4,19: q. with youth and hope, spe ac 
juventa p. (opp. to moras nectens), ib. 
68: with gen.: q. to anger, p. irae, id, 
A. II, 26: q. fo seize the opportunity, 








2. vélox, dcis: of persons: v. | oblatae occasionis p., ib. 12, 66: with 


inf., q. to gain distinction by any crime, 
quoquo facinore p. clarescere, ib. 4, §2. 
Expr. by part. propérans (with personal 
subject). Join: properans, festinans (q. 
and in haste), Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6: gen. ad- 
verbially : v. QUICKLY : and prépératus : 
cf. properato itinere, Sall. J. 112: p. 
mors (= untimely), Ov. M. 9, 587: you 
must be q., properato opus est, Pl. Mil 
3; 1,: 210. 8, praesens (immediate, 
instant, opp. to tardy): the quickest 
antidote, praesentissimum remedium, 
Col. 6,14: cf. quo non praesentius ullum, 
pocula si quando saevae infecere no- 
vercae, Virg. G. 2, 127: ef. QUICKLY. 
Deriv. (late) praesentaneus: a q. poison, 
pr. venenum, Plin, 24,1, 1: aq. antidote, 
pr. remedium, id. 21, 31, 10§: and subs. 
praesentaneum, 7.: id. 30,9, 23. Also 
praesentarius (rare): pr. venenum, Apul. 
M. to, p. 242: ef. id quod mali (haru- 
spices) promittunt, praesentarium est 
(is g. in coming to pass). Pi. Poen. 3. 5, 
47. Q. rapidus, v RAPID: cf. manibus 
rapidis, Virg. Aen. 8, 442. 10, 11. 
répentinus: siibitus: v. SUDDEN. 12. 
célox, dcis, f. (prop. subs. = KéAns), @ 
q. sailer (a kind ot ship): Liv. 21, 17: 
used as adj.: cf. obsecro operam celocem 
bane mihi, ne corbitam (a slow sailer), 
date, Pl. Poen. 3, 1, 40. 

guick, to be: (cf. To QUICKEN, intr. 
B). |, With life: vigéo, ui, 2: you are 
q. with youth, strong in courage, viget 
aetas, animus valet, Sall. C. 20, Io. 

I]. 7 speed and energy (cf. TO MAKE 
HASTE): 1, accéléro, 1: if they will 
be q., si ace. volent, ad vesperam conse- 
quentur, Cic,Cat. 2,4. 2, prdpéro, 1: 
propera! be q.! Pl. Cas. 2, 8, 57: esp. 
with inf.: ef. prop. redire in patriam, 
Cic. Prov. Cons. 14: prop. signa inferre, 
Sali. J. 56: reflect.; simulabat sese negotii 
causa prop., ib. 76: deprépéro, 1: ef. 
propere, cito introite, et cito deproperate, 
His 2S th OGR 3. movére se (to bestir 
oneself), Ter. And. 4, 3, 16. 4, ma- 
turo, 1: one had need be q. in acting, 
facto maturatoque opus esse, Liv. 1, 58 : 
also, to be too q. (in doing a thing): cf. 
ni Catilina maturasset signum dare, Sall. 
C. 18. Also expr. by subs.: to be q. in 
doing a Icindness, maturitatem beneficio 
praestare, Frontin. Aq. 105. 5, ex- 
pédio, ivi, or ii, itum, 4, to be q. about 
anything (with acc.); cf. expedire ne- 
gotia, Cic. Fam. 13, 26: to beq.and finish 
matters, exp. et conficere res, id, Brut. 
42, 154: be g.! expedi! Pl. Stich. 2, 2, 
11. Note:—festino, 1, with part. fes- 
tinans, and adj. fesiinus (poet.), almost 
always imply HASTE (i.e. hwrry): see the 
antithesis of properat (is quick, makes 
good speed) to festinat (is hurried), Cat. 
in Gell. 16, 14. 

quick (subs., orig. the adj.), a part 
which has life. 1, In animals: the 
living flesh (opp. to insensible parts, as 
cuticle, nails, hair, horns), vivum (7. of 
adj. used as subs.) : to cut back (or down) 
to the q., ad vivum resecare ; cf. extrema 
pars ipsius unguis ad v. resecatur, Col. 6, 
12, 3 (ef. fig. neque id ad vivum reseco, 
I don’t wish to be understood too strictly, 
Cic. Am. 5, 18). Fig.: to wownd a 
person’s feelings deeply: Vv. TO PAIN: 
TO GRIEVE: TO STING: TO HURT: I’ve 
touched him to the q., *commovi ho- 
minem (Ainsw.): I’ve long been stung 
to the q. by the thought, etc., jamdudum 
meum ille pectus pungit aculeus Quid, 
ete. Pl. Trin. 4, 2, 158. Yo sting to the 
q., mordéo, mbmordi, morsum, 2, with 
valde: cf. valde me momorderunt epis- 
tolae tuae, Cic. Att. 13, 12: pass., cf. 
morderi dictis, Ov. Tr. I, 1, 253 mM. op- 
probriis falsis, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 38. 2. 
of plants: v. QUICKSET. 

quick (adv.): v. QUICKLY 

quick-beam, or quicken-tree: 
*sorbus aria: * pyrus aria; Suwerby. 
eyed: (‘a q.-eyed, volatile, 
sprightly fly,’ Grew): argitus: v. 
quick, LIT. No. 10. 

—— footed: pernix: célér: with or 
without pedibus : v. quick, IV. Nos. 1,3: 
céléripes, édis (very rare): Cic. Att. 9, 7. 

28 











quick-grass: quicken-grass 
quitch-grass: (*triticum repens 
Linn.) cynodun dactylon, Pers.: Plin 
24, 1g, 118. 

— lime: calx viva, Vitr. 8, 7 
opp. to calx exstincta, lime quenched 
or slaked, id. 2, 5. 

— sand: the want of a specific 
word is supplied by the poetic use of 
Syrtis, is, f. (idos, Lucan g, 7cg), and the 
pl. (avpris, fr. ovpw, traho): cf. sive 
per Syrtes iter aestuosas, Hor. Od. 1, 22, 
5: q.-sands stirred up by the 8. wind, 
s. exercitatae Noto, id. Epod. g, 3: cf. 
description, Avien. Perieg. 293: 

“Major vasia sibi late trabit aequora 
Syrtis 

Infidumque rati pelagus furit.’ 

Cf. Propert. 2, 7, 71, incerto mutantur 
flamine syrtes: epithets (sing. and pl.): 
shifting, and faithless, incerta, Sen. 
Hippol. 570: vaga, Lucan 9, 431: am- 
bigua, ib. 713: dubiae, ib. 861: shallow, 
vadosa, id. 5,484 devouring, saevae, Val 
Flacc. 7, 86: inhospita, Ov. M. 8, ‘120: 
nautraga, Sil. (7, 635: dreaded, borrenda, 
Tib. 3, 4, 91. Fig.: syrtis patrimonii, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 41: so, “q.-sand of de- 
ceit” (Shaksp.), *syrtis ipsissima doli or 
fraudis: I have marked some of the 
q.-sands and shoals of life, *quasdam ex 
syrtibus atque vadis hujus vitae notavi: 
Searing to run (or fall) upon the quick- 
sands, timentes ne in Syrtim inciderent, 
Vulg. Act. xxvii. 17 (where the original 
is specific for the Syrtis Major). The 
Goodwin Sands, *syrtis Godwinia or 
comitis Godwini. : 

— scented: sigax, acis: a q.-s. 
hound, s. catulus, Ov. R. Am. 201: q.-s. 
dogs, s. canes, Cic. Div. 1, 31. Poet: 
s. virtus venandi, Ov. Hal. 76: he is q.-s., 
sagax nasum habet, Pl. Cure. 1, 2, 17: 
ef. quick, LIL. 12. 

— set, or quick: @ live cutting 
of a plant set to grow: viviradix, icis, 
f.: Of the vine, Cic. de Sen. 15, 52: 
Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 169, solo spisso non 
nisi viviradicem seri: of the rose, Varr. 
R. R. 1, 35, 1: @ q.-s. hedge, sepes viva 
Collars 3; (The term is often used 
specificaily for the WHITE THORN, q. v.) 

—— sighted: perspicax, acis (Lit 
and Fig.): v. quick, ILI. No. 31: acuTE: 
SHARP-SIGHTED. Also expr. by subs.: 
you're so q.-s., tanta es perspicacitate, 
Cic. Att. 1, 18, fin. Adv., perspicaciter: 
Amm. 29, 4: perspicacé: (how quick- 
sighted | quam perspicace (dub., perb. 
perspicate), Afran. in Non. 513, 19. 
sightedness: 1, Lit.: icies 
oculorum: cf. (of things of gradual 
growth) nulla potest oculorum acies 
contenta tueri, Lucr. 1, 325. 2. Fig.: 
perspicacitas - ingenii acumen vel acies . 
V. ACUTENESS SHARP-SIGHTEDNESS : 
QUICKNESS. 

— silver (subs.): 1. argentum 
vivum: (the metal as found in its native 
state): Plin. 33,6, 32: ib. 7, 40: Vitruv. 

9. hydrargyrus, m.: (the word now 
used in chemistry, symbol Hg), an arti- 
ficial preparation trom minium (sul- 
phide of mercury), which Vliny distin- 
guishes from the metal, but which 
seems only to have differed trom native 
quicksilver in purity: Plin. 33, 6, 32: 
and esp. ib. 8, 41. 3, merciirius, m. : 
med. Lat.—Hence the verb, to quick- 
silver ; hydrargyro inaurare : cf. bydrar- 
gyro argentum inauratur: Plin. 33,8, 42. 

— tempered: iracundus, and 
comp.: ef. iracundior est paulo, Hor, S. 
I, 3, 29: iracundo animo, Pl. Bac. 4, 3, 
I: V. HASTY: PASSIONATE. 

—— ECOG. vs quick, No. IIL 

quicken (v): A. Trans. |, 
To give life to (the dead: or lifeless 
matter). 1], animo, 1: cf. quidquid 
est hoc, omnia animat, format, alit, 
auget, creat, Pac. in Cic. Div. 1, 57+ 
constr. with adv.; to q. vith life, 
vitaliter an.: cf. nequeunt vitaliter esse 
animata, Lucr. 5, 146: with abl., cf. 
stellae divinis animatae mentibus, Cic. 
Rep. 6, 15: Poet. with in and acc., co 
a lifeless object into a living being, 
guttas animavit in angues, he M. 

25 









Fi 
4 


QUICKEN 


QUICKENED 


QUICKLY 





619. Fig.: cf. si quid Apellei gaudent 
animasse colores, Stat. S. 2, 2, 64: in 
secondary sense, to give new life to what 
ts languishing: cf. cibo potuque ani- 
mavit, Hyg. F. 126: v. TO REVIVE: TO 
RESUSCITATE. Q. vivifico, 1 (late: in 
Vulg. and Eccles.) esp. = ‘to restore to 
life: to q. the dead: cf. (Deum) qui v. 
mortuos, Rom. iv. 17: cf. (Spiritus ejus) 
vivificabit mortalia corpora vestra, ib. 
viii. 11: mortalia viv. Prud. Apoth. 234: 
opp. to mortifico: ef. (Christus) morti- 
ficatus quidem carne, vivificatus autem 
spiritu, Vulg. 1 Pet. iii. 18: the /lesh: 
ef. caro vivificabitur per resurrectionem, 
Tert. Res. Carn. 28, jin.: vivificare 
carni animam referre est, ib.: to give 
life to matter, id. adv. Val. 14, fin.: 
of vegetable life; cf. quod seminas non 
vivificatur, nisi prius moriatur, Vulg. 
1 Cor. xv. 34: in gen. sense: (Deo) qui 
v. omnia, Vulg. 1 Tim. vi. 13. Fig.: 
to give new Life to (esp. of spiritual life) : 
ef. Spiritus est qui vivificat, Vulg. Joh. 
vi. 64: Lit. and Fig. contrasted: sicut 
enim Pater suscitat mortuos et v., sic et 
Filius quos vult v., ib. v. 21: freq. in 
Psalm. with obj. me: Ps. 1xx. (Ixxi.), 20: 
Ixxix. 19 ([xxx. 18): cxviii. (cxix.), 25, 
37, 40, 50, 88, 93, 149: exiii. (cxliii.) 11: 
to q. the soul (or life), animam viv., Paul. 
Nol. Carm. 26, 207: Hier. Ep. 108, 11. 
Comp. convivifico, to q. together with: 
with in, quum essemus mortui peccatis, 
convivificavit nos in Christo, Eph. ii. 5 : 
with cum, cf. Col. ii. 13, vos, cum mortui 
essetis in delictis c. cum illo. Particip. 
in -ing: (factus est) novissimus Adam 
in spiritum vivificantem, id. For, he 
who (that which) q.s, V. QUICKENER: 
QUICKENING. _ |], 70 excite, incite, stir 
up, animate (q. v.) : 1, excito, 1: (v. 
TO ROUSE: TO ENLIVEN): absol. to q. the 
drooping spirits of a friend, amici ja- 
centem animum excitare, Cic. Am. 16, 
59: to q. one’s memory of a person, illius 
memoriam exc., id. Or. 10, 35: with ad, 
ef. aliquem ad laborem et ad laudem 
exc., id. Planc. 24, 59. 9. incito, 1 
(v. same synonyms): cf. ipsum ingenium 
diligentia etiam ex tarditate incitat, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 35,147: with abl. of means: 
quorum studio legendi meum scribendi 
studium in dies incitatur, id. Div. 2, 2,5: 
with ad; juvenes ad studium et ad la- 
borem inc., id. de Or. 1, 61, 262. Also 
suscito, 1: cf. vim suscitat ira, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 454. 8. animo, t (sometimes 
in this sense): with inf.: Macrob. Sat. 
1, 3- 4, stimiilo, I: TO URGE: TO 
STIMULATE: cf. conceptus stim., Plin. 2, 
8, 6: venerem stim., id. 23, 7, 67: to 
q. one’s caution, cf. vetus nostra simul- 
tas antea stimulabat me, ut caverem, 
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, fin. Join: stim. 
atque excit.: ad alicujus salutem de- 
fendendam stimulari atque excitari, id. 
Planc. 28, 69. Note: —instigo may also 
be used: v. TO URGE: TO INSTIGATE. 
And incendo: v. TO INFLAME. 5: 
promévéo, movi, motum, 2: cf. Doctrina 
sed vim promovet insitam, Hor. Od. 
4, 4, 33. 6, Expr. by the comp. adj. 
alacriorem aliquem efficere: cf. quum 
timidiores ho-tes nostros milites alacri- 
ores ad pugnandum effecissent, Caes B 
G. 3, 24: also by the subs. dlacritas: to 
q- one's zeal (or energy, or efforts) and 
hope, alacritatem et spem afferre ; cf. fre- 
quentia vestra, etc., et alacritatem mihi 
summam affert reipnblicae defendendae, 
et spem recuperandae libertatis, Cic. 
Phil. 4, 1, init.: to q. one’s zeal, alacr. 
alicui injicere: cf. multv major alacritas 
studiumque pugnandi majus exercitni 
injectum est, Caes, B. G. 1, 46. 4h 
Expr. by p'rr. with animus: to q. one’s 
courage, animos dare. cf. bellica Pallas 
adest, datque animos, Ov.. M. 5, 47: to 
have one’s courage quickened: cf. ibi 
nostris animus additus est, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 
94: Cassio animus accessit, Cic. Att. 5, 
20, 3: nostris animus augetur, Caes. 
B. G. 4, 70. Il]. 70 add speed: to 
hasten (trans.): to put into quicker 
motion : to accelerate: 1, cito, 1: to 
q. one’s pace, gradum c., Claud. VI. 
c. How. are: in medical sense, to q. 
2 





(= stimulate) any function of the body : 
to q. the motions, alvum c. Col. 7, 9, 9: 
cf. humorem, pus, urinam c. Cels. 4, 6: 
5,28, No. 13: 2,19. Kig.: of emotions: 
ef. isque motus (animi) aut boni aut 
mali opinione citetur (muy be q.’d or 
stimulated), Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 24. Comp.: 
concito, 1: but when (the speaker's) 
warmth quickens his action, at ubi eam 
(actionem) calor concitaverit, Quint. 11, 
3, 111: excito, 1: fo q. a fire, cf. picem 
reliquasque res quibus ignis excitari 
potest, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: to q. the five (in 
a fire-place) by blowing, foculum bucca 
exc., Juv. 3, 262: cf. (of a funeral pyre) 
excitat invalidas admoto fomite flammas, 
Lucan 8, 776. Fig.: of emotions, opp. 
to sédo: cf. in animis hominum motum 
dicendo vel excitare vel sedare, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 46, 202: suscito, 1: q.s the 
smouldering fire (poet.), sopitos suscitat 
ignes, Virg Aen. 5,743: andesp., 2. 
incito, 1 (cf. TO URGE ON): (of deer) in- 
bred timidity quickens their limbs, 
patrius pavor incitat artus, Lucr. 3, 
743: opp. to retardo: (stellarum vaga- 
rum) motus tum incitantur, tum retard- 
antur, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 103 (cf. “ you 
may q. or slack a motion,” Bacon): to 
q. (one’s horse's) speed, incitare cur- 
rentem, Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 19 (prov. to 
spur a willing horse): to q. (or stimu- 
late) the growth of plants, cf. ut incitari 
vitis possit, Col. 4, 22, 3. 8. accéléro, 
1: to q. one’s step, acc. gressum, Att. in 
Non. 89, 25: he q.s his march, iter 
accelerat, Caes. B. C. 2, 39: pass. with 
abl.: his enterprise was q.’d by, etc., ac- 
celerata coepta exercitus studio, Tac. 
H. 2, 85. Also the simple v. céléro, 1: 
to q. one’s step, c. gradum, Virg. Aen. 4, 
641: Vv. TO HASTEN. 4, prodpéro, I, and 
comp. dépropéro, 1: Vv. TO HASTEN: tf 
he had q.’'d his march, si coeptum iter 
properasset, Tac. H. 3, 40. 5, prae- 
cipito, I: v.TO HASTEN: TO HURRY: 
(to rowers) q. your pace (or speed) ; 
poet., praecipitate moras! Virg. Aen. 8, 
443. 6. matiiro, 1 (to hasten on): to 
q. one’s march (or journey), iter m., 
Caes. B. C. 1, 63: of bodily functions: 
cf. partus conceptos m., Plin. 30, 14, 43. 
B. Intr. (and Pass.=Intr. to be 
quickened). |. To receive life: to be- 
come alive: to come to life: and hence 
I]. Zo grow lively or strong. 1 
vivesco (07 vivisco), vixi, 3, incep. of 
vivo: (of the reproduction of oysters), 
these scrapings q., ea strigmenta vi- 
vescunt, Plin. 9, 51, 72: vivescentia 
(things conceiving life), id. 16, 25, 39: 
iu secondary sense, Join, vivescit et 
inveterascit, Lucr. 4, 1064. 9. vigéo, 
tii, 2: whether the soul dies or is q.’d, sive 
occiderit animus sive vigeat, Cic. Tusc. 
I, 43, 104: with abl. of means; Fig.: 
the soul (or heart) g.s with joy, animus 
laetitia viget, Lucr. 3,151: poet., Rumour 
q.s with motion, etc., (Fama) Mobili- 
tate viget, viresque acquirit eundo, Virg. 
Aen. 4,175. 8, vigesco, giti, 3, incep.: 
ef. de nihiloque renata vigrscere copia 
rerum (is quickened into new life), Lucr. 
I, 758: with abl. of the means; jam 
laeti studio pedes vigescunt, Cat. 46, 8. 
. Also expr. by pass. of verhs 
under A, I., IL. Ill. To gain speed : 
to move quicker: expr. by pass. and re- 
Jlect. forms of verbs under A, IIIL.: e. g., 
morus incitantur, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 103, 
supr. cit.: also by the adv. with verbs 
of motion, v. QUICKLY: cf. QUICK, TO BE. 
quickened (adj.): |. With life 
(Lit. and Fig.): vivatus (an old 
word): used esp. with pdtestas: the 
q. powers of body and soul, etr., Deni- 
que corporis atque animi vivata potestas, 
Inter se conjuncta, valent, vitaque fru- 
untur, Lucr. 3,557. — I, With energy: 
vividns (full of life and eneruy): q. 
energy of soul, v. vis animi, Lucr. 1, 72: 
q. heroism in war, bello v. virtus, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 754. Il. With speed. Expr. 
all three senses by particips. of verbs 
under TO QUICKEN: esp. citatus, con- 
citatus. Phr.: with q.’d breath (pant- 
ing): sublimi fugies anhelitu, Hor. Od. 
Wyels 3X 





quickener (Lit. and Fig.): one 
who (or that which) gives life, energy, 
speed, to any one or anything. L 
animator, Oris, m., and -trix, tricis, f.. 
cf. corpus animatum spiritu omnium 
animarum animatore, Tert. Apol. 42 : 
cf. quam dilectionem perfectam affirmat, 
nisi fugatricem timoris et animatricem 
confessionis, id. contr. Gnost.12. Fig.: 
marmoris signifex animator, Cap. 1, p. 13. 
2. vivificator, Oris, m.: cf. spiritum 
scilicet carni mortificatae vivificatorem, 
Tert. Res. Carn. 37, med. 3. expr. 
by the verbs with vel. prons., and by the 
act. particips.: Vv. INCITER: EXCITER : 
INSTIGATOR : STIMULANT. 
quickening (subs.): _ |, OF life 
(Lit. and Fig.). 1. animatio, f/. 
(very rare): the q. of life in a tree, 
arboris an., Tert. de Anim. 19. > 
Vivificatio, f.: (Lit.) opp. to occisionem 
(killing): cf. id. Res. Carn. 28, fin., caro 
resurgat necesse est, cui anima per oc- 
cisionem erepta referenda est per vivifica- 
tionem: (in spiritual sense); vivificatio 
in Christo opp. to mortificatio in Adam, 
id. adv. Mareion. 5, 9, med. ll. OF 
energy: motus, Us, m.: impulsus, Us, 
m.: concitatio, f.: excitatio, f., etc. : 
V. IMPULSE: EXCITEMENT: ANIMATION. 
Ill. Of speed: accélératio, f.: of 
speech : cf. orationis continuae acceler- 
atio clamosa, Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23: Vv. 
ACCELERATION : QUICKNESS: SPEED. 


quickening (adj.) : |, Imparting 
life (Lit. and Fig.): the usu. sense of 
the word. 1, vivax, acis: the q. 


bosom of the earth, cf. fecundaque semina 
rerum, Vivaci nutrita solo, ceu matris in 
alvo, Creverunt, Ov. M. 1, 420. a 
vitalis: cf. vitalis vita, Enn. in Cic. Am. 
6, 22: q. power (or vital force), cf. 
caloris natura vim habet in se vitalem, 
Cie, N. D. 2, 9, 24: a g. and healthful 
breeze, cf. aér vitalem et salutarem 
spiritum praebet animantibus, ib. 45, 
117. 3, vivificus: Apul, Trismeg., 
init.: q. power or force, v. vigor, AMm. 
21,1 ft You give rte lively life, such 
q. power ” (Davies), *Vitam vitalem das, 
vivificumque vigorem: also vivificans, 
Vulg. and Eccles. v. TO QUICKEN: cf. 
REVIVING: VIVIFYING. ||, Jmparting 
new energy. Il]. Increasing speed : 
expr. all three senses by the verbs and 
particips., V. TO QUICKEN: Cf. ANIMAT- 
ING: EXCITING: STIMULATING: ACCEL- 
ERATING : HASTENING. 
quickly and quick (adv): |. 
Of the process: with speed or activity 
|]. Of the result: soon: readily: 
easily : (the two senses are so distributed 
in the Latin words, as tu be best dis- 
cerned in the examples. N.B.—The 
advs. and adjs. are often used inter- 
changeably). 1, cito: be off quick! 
abi cito et suspende te, Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 
20: Prov. bis dat qui cito dat: (= 
readily): to learn q., cito discere, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 36, 146: they (certain learners) 
haven’t much to show, but they show tt 
quickly, non multum praestant, sed cito, 
Quint. 1, 3,4: how q./ quam cito, Ter. 
Eun. 1, 2, 98: so q., tam cito, Vulg. Gen. 
XXVii. 20: V. SOON: EASILY: comp. 
citius: v. SOONER: RATHER: sup. very 
es ef. se in currus citissime recipere, 
aes. B. G. 4, $3, 48 g. as possible (with 
all speed), quam citissime: agree q., etc., 
esto consentiens adversario (uo Cito (i.e. 
in good time), Vulg. Matt. v. 25: stl 
down q. and write fifty, sede cito, scribe 
L. (without loss of time), id. Luc. xvi. 6: 
cf. cito euntes, Matt. xxviii. 7 (cf. exi- 
erunt cito, ib. 8, i. e. in haste: surgit c., 
Joh. ii. 29): to come 4, i. e. both soon 
and suddenly: (as a warning) fué. ve- 
niam tibi c., id. Apoc. ii. 16: (cf. ecce! 
vae tertium veniet c., ib. xi 14): pres. 
ecce venio c.! ib. iii, 18: xxii. 12 and 
20 (velociter, ib. 7). (N.B.—c. is very 
freq. in Vulg. Comp.. what thou doest, 
do q., quod facis, fac citius, id. Joh. xiii. 
27.) Deriv. adv.: citaté: comp., to 
move quicker, cf. piscatores citatius 
moventur, Quint. If, 3. 112: sup., as 
q. as possible, cf. ut versus quam citatis- 
sime volvant. id. I, 1. $7 citatim, with 


QUICKLY 





eager speed (very rare): to write quick, 
c. scribere, Cic. Att. 14, 20, dub.: cf. ipse 
in eum locum c. contendit, Hirt. B. Afr. 
80. Expr. by adj. citatus: cf. ferunt 
citati signa, Liv. 41, 3: g.r than a 
winged shaft, pennaque citatior ibat, 
Sil. 10,11: citus: cf. equites parent citi, 
Pl. Am. 1, 1, 88: citi solvite vela, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 574: somnus fugiens citus abiit 
(is q. gone), Cat. 63, es concitus: cf. 
concito gradu ingressi, Vulg. 2 Reg. xvii. 
18. Expr. by verb, cito, 1, to move q., 
ef. citat hastam, Sil. 4, 583. 2. cél- 
ériter (Vv. SOON: SPEEDILY): @$ soon as, 
etc., fortune q. changes (sides in war), 
simul perfecto ponte c. fortuna mutatur, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 59. Comp.: to move 
icker, celerius moveri (opp. to tardius), 

ic. Tim. 9: a forced (or precocious) 
maturity perishes all the q.er, celerius 
occidere festinatam maturitatem, Quint. 
6. praef. § 10: with eo, (contrasted with 
maturius): (in argument) to deal with 
a point the q.er in order to arrive at 
another the sooner, cf. ut eo celerius de 
isto transigamus, quo maturius ad 
Apronium possimus pervenire, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 24,60: Dimin. celeriuscule; to 
ne, somewhat q.er, c. dicere, Auct. 
er. 3, 14, 24: sup., very q., (of the mind), 
celerrime multa simul agitantem, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 14, 45. Expr. by subs., to grow 
very q., (quaedam) crescere summa 
celeritate, opp. to quaedam paulo 
tardius, Pliu. 9, 51, init. Expr. by the 
verb céléro, 1, to execute an order q., 
imperium alicujus celerare, Val. Fl. 4, 
80: and accelero, 1: make q., accelera 
et fac, Vulg. Gen. xviii. 6. 3, velo- 
citer (swiftly, speedily): of motion; to 
follow q. (after one another), v. con- 
sequi, Ov. M. 4,508: rise up q., surge v., 
Vulg. Act. xii..7: make haste and go out 
q., festina et exi velociter, ib. xxii. 18: 
the accomplishment of writing well and 
q., cura bene ac v. scribendi, Quint. 1, 1, 
28: of change: to grow old q., v. sene- 
scere, Plin. 16, 44, 90. Join: cito at- 
que vy. consurget in vos furor Domini, 
Vulg. Josh. xxiii. 16. Comp. to fly 
away the q.er, cf. optimis rebus agi- 
tatus et exercitatus animus velocius in 
hanc sedem et domum suam pervolabit, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 26: sup., to move the q.est, 
velocissime moveri (after celerius), Cic. 
Tim. 9: the enemy fled very q., hostes 
v. refugiebant, Caes. B. G. 5, 35: he 
used to copy handwriting very q, 
(Titum) notis excipere v. solitum chiro- 
grapha, Suet. Tit. 3. Expr. by adj. 
vélox: come q.! velox veni! Hor. Od. 4, 
12; (22. 4. dciter (swiftly, speedily) : 
Tare in pos., cf. profer ociter, Apul. M. 1, 
p. 113: Eng. pos. expr. by Lat. comp.: 
cf. sequere hac me ocius, Ter. Heaut. 4, 
9, 4: (a rude order at table), quick, 
there, bring me the oil! Nemon’ oleum 
fert ocius? Hor. S. 2, 7,34. Comp.: and 
this the q.er,idque (animus) ocius faciet, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 26 (in continuation of loc. 
sup. cit., No. 3): to arrive the q.er, ocius 
pervenire ad, id. Quint. 13: they plied 
their oars q.er, illi ocius incubuere om- 
nes, Virg. Aen. 8, 444: sup., to bear 
(fruit) very q., ocissime ferre, Plin. 17, 
11, 16: to be healed very q., (ulcera 
omnia) ocissime sanari, id. 34, 10, 22: 
as q. as possible, cf. quam ocissume ad 
provinciam accedat, Sall. J. 25: v. soon. 
5, propéré (v. HASTILY : (IN) HASTE): 

ef. p. sequere me, Pl. Aul. 2, 2, 86: be 
off q., p. egredere, Nep. Epam. 4: der. 
adv. propériter (rare): to put to sea q., 
classem in altum p. deducere, Pac. in 
Non. 155, 6: cf. Apul. M. 6, p. 184: 
propératim (rare): cf. p. conficere opus, 
Caecil. in Non. 153, 15: propérato: cf. 
P. ad mortem agitur, Tac. A. 13, 1. 
ixpr. by verb, propéro, 1: had not M. 
q. assumed the offensive and sallied out, 
ni Marius signa inferre atque evadere 
oppido properavisset, Sall. J. 56: esp. as 
exclam., quick! cf. propera, fer pedem, 
Pl. Men. 3, 3,30: adv.and verb: quick! 
quick !_ propere propera (with inf. 
vomere argentum), id. Cure. 5, 3, 
to. Note :—(stronger) praecipitanter: 
rapide: v. HASTILY: HURRIEDLY: Ra- 


QUICKNESS 


QUICKNESS 





PIDLY. 6. perniciter (v. NIMBLY): 
see how q. (the fires) have leapt forth, 
viden’ ut perniciter exsiluere (ignes), 
Cat. 62, 8: cf. p. equo desilire, Liv. 26, 
4: birds flying high and quick, alites 
alte p.que volantes, Plin. 8, 14, 14. 
Also, in sim. sense, agiliter, Amm. 14, 
2: comp. Col. 2, 2. 7. impigre (v. 
ACTIVELY: READILY: SPEEDILY): I rose 
gq. in the dead of night, de nocte multa 
imp. exsurrexi, Pl. Rud. 4, 2, 10: ef. 
imp. se movere, Liv. 1, 10: consulem 
imp. milites secuti sunt, id. 2, 47. 8. 
festinanter (V. HASTILY: HURRIEDLY): 
also expr. by adj. festinus: thou shalt go 
down q., descendes ergo festinus, Vulg. 
1 Reg. xx. 19: also by part. festinans: 
v. (IN) HASTE. 9, miatiire (v. BE- 
TIMES: EARLY; SOON: SPEEDILY): when 
your plan is formed, you should act q., ubi 
consulueris, mature facto opus est, Sall. 
C. 1, fin.: comp., ef. maturius pervenire, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 24, 60: sup., as q. as pos- 
sible: cf. quibus rebus quam maturrime 
occurrendum putabat, Caes. B. G. 1, 33, 
Jin. 10, actiitum (Vv. INSTANTLY) : 
freq. in Pl. but rare in subseq. writers: 
Pl. Am. 1, 3, 32: id. Cap. 3, 5,75: Ter. 
Ad. 4, 4, 26: Cic. Phil. 12, 11. 11. 
facile (v. READILY: EASILY: opp. to 
slowly and with difficulty) : esp. in sup. : 
it may be q. seen, facillime perspici 
potest, Cic. Br. 42, 153: neg., a three- 
fold cord is not q. broken, funiculus 
triplex difficile rumpitur, Vulg. Eccles. 
iv. 12. 12. expédité: cf. exp. ex- 
plicans quod proposuerat, Cic. Br. 67, 
237: (of q. perception), Join: in iis 
rebus celeriter expediteque percipiendis, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 12, fin.: sup., most easily 
and q. Join: (quocumque opus erit) 
facillime et expeditissime conferre, id. 
Fam. 6, 20. 18, sollerter: cf. aliquid 
sollertissime perspicere, Cic. Verr. 4, 44. 
Also expr. by other advs. signifying 
quickness of apprehension: e. g. acite : 
perspicace (and -iter): subtiliter: saga- 
citer: Vv. ACUTELY: KEENLY: READILY. 
14, Expr. by such advs. as modo 

mox: confestim: continuo: extemplo; 
illico: statim: and by Phrr.: as, nec 
mora: moram: y. AT ONCE: FORTH- 
WITH: NOW: SOON: PRESENTLY: IMME- 
DIATELY : DELAY, 

quickness: |. In primary sense 
of the adj., liveliness: keenness of sen- 
sation : and hence, acuteness of feeling, 
and vigour, readiness, sharpness of in- 
tellect : (opp. to slow, dull). 1, vis, f-: 
and vigor, m.: Vv. FORCE: POWER. 
Join (opp. to tardus, slow) nec tarda 
senectus debilitat vires animi mutatque 
vigorem, Virg. Aen. 9, 611: what q. of 
mind! di boni! vigoris est quantum 
animi! Sen. Ep. 64. 2. vivacitas, 7. 
(late): of mind, ingenii, Arn. 5, 179: of 
Feeling, cordis, ib. 157. 3. perspica- 
citas, f.: q. of sight (v. QUICK-SIGHTED- 
NEss). Fig. of the understanding: such 
is your q./ tanta es perspicacitate ! Cic. 
Att. I, 18, 9, fin. 4, aciés, éi, f.: 
q. of sight (Vv. Q.-SIGHTEDNESS). Fig.: 
with gen., ac. mentis, Cic. N. D. 2, 17: 
cf. nulla ac. humani ingenii tanta sit, 
quae, etc., id. Ac. 2, 39. 5, actimen, 
inis, x. (objectively), pungency of taste, 
Plin. 14, 20, 25 (cf. “ Thy generous fruits 
still show a q.,”’ Dryden: “a pleasant 
q.,”’ Mortimer: v. PUNGENCY): sub- 
jectively of the mind; q. of wit, ingeni- 
orum ac.,Cic. Fl. 4: v. ACUMEN: ACUTE- 
NESS. 6, sagacitas, f.: prop. q. of scent, 
s. narium, Cic. N. D. 2,63, 158: s.canum, 
Plin. 9, 30, 48: absol. (used of hunters), 
Plin. Pan. 81: q. of sensation (in gen.), 
sensuum s., Sen. Ep. 95. Fig.: intel- 
lectual : such is his q. in matters of this 
sort, qua est ipse sagacitate in his rebus, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 43: V. ACUTENESS: 
SAGACITY. 4, alicritas, f., briskness : 
ef. al. canum in venando, Cic. N. D. 2, 
63: of the feelings and mind: Join: 
incitatio atque al. keenness and q. of 
courage, quaedam animi incitatio atque 
al. naturaliter innata omnibus, quae 
studio pugnae incenditur, Caes. B. C. 3, 
g2: the strength and rs of men's minds, 
Join: vigores quidam mentium et 


alacritates, Gell. 19, 12, 4. 


8. calll- 
ditas, f., acquired readiness (see Cicero's 
def.,8.V. QUICK). Join: c. et celeritas 
ingenii: vincebat enim omnes cura, 
vigilantia, patientia, calliditate et celeri- 
tate ingenii (subtlety and q. of wit), 
Nep. Eum. 1. 9. exercitatio, f., q. 
arising from practice: v. PRACTICE. 
10. sollertia, f., dexterity : shrewd- 
ness: cf. est genus (Gallorum) summae 
soliertiae, Caes. B. G. 7, 22: with gen., 
ingenii s., Sall. J.7. g. in thought and 
action, agendi cogitandique s., Cic. Off 
I, 44, 157. I]. Q. of motion: speeit - 
activity. 1, céléritas, f (v. SPEED: 
SWIFTNESS): g. of foot, c. pedum, Cic. 
Acad. I, 5,19: of a ship, navis c, id. 
Verr. 5, 34: q. acquired by practice, cf. 
tanta erat borum (peditum) exercita- 
tione c., Caes. B. G. 1, 48: with in: 
tanta fuit (militum) in capiendis castris 
c., ib. 7,46. Join: c. et vis equorum, 
Cic. Div. 2, 0, 144: of the motions of 
the heavenly bodies ; to be surpassed in 
-, celeritate vinci, Cic. Fin. 9: the q. 
quick-working) of a poison, veneni c., 
id. Coel. 24, fin.: defined and extended 
to mind: velocitas autem corporis c. 
appellatur (speed in a body is called q.): 
quae eadem ingenii etiain (and this same 
quality in the mind also) etiam laus 
habetur propter animi multarum rerum 
brevi tempore percursionem, id. Tusc. 
4, 13, fin.: since such is the q. of our 
minds, quum tanta c. animorum sit, id. 
Sen. 21, 78: q. of thought, Quint. fo, 3, 
1g: with obj. gen., q. in war, belli c., 
Cic. Phil. 5, 9: gq. tm council (or in 
forming plans), consilii c., Nep. Ages. 
6: of speech, dicendi c., Cic. Fl. 20, 48: 
orationis ¢c., id. Or. 16, 53: esp. as a 
forensic quality; ever-ready q. in 
managing and answering cases, promp- 
tam et paratam in agendo et in re- 
spondendo c. (superavit), id. Brut. 42, 
154: plur. indef. (of gait and carriage) : 
not, when in haste, to run into an un- 
seemly q., (cavendum ne) in festinationi- 
bus suscipiamus nimias celeritates (opp. 
to, ne aut tarditatibus utamur in in- 
gressu mollioribus), id. Off. 1, 36, 131. 
(N.B.—For festinatio, v. HASTE: HUBBY.) 
Also céleritiido, inis, f. (rare), Varr. 
R. R. 3, 12, 6. Also accelératio, v. 
QUICKENING. 2. vélocitas, f. (v. 
SWIFTNESS: RAPIDITY: SPEED): we see 
some endowed with q. for running, alios 
videmus velocitate ad cursum valere, 
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107: cf. corpora prae- 
stantiora velocitate, Quint. 2, 16, 13. 
Join: vis et v. (strength and q.ness), 
Caes. B. G. 6, 28: cf. non viribus aut 
velocitate aut celeritate corporum 
magnae res geruntur, Cic. Sen. 6, 17. 
Fig.: g. of thought, v. cogitationum 
animique celeritas, Plin. 7, 12, 10: cf, 
v. animi exercitata studio, Quint. 5, Io 
123: the q. of the mischief: cf. (ins 
cendium) anteiit remedia velocitate 
mali (7. e. the q. spread of the fire), ‘lac. 
A. 15, 38: as a quality of style: cf. im- 
mortalis illa v. Sallustii, Quint. 10, L 
102. 3. pernicitas, 7. (physical only, 
V. AGILITY: ACTIVITY: NIMBLENESS: 
esp. 9. of foot, pedum p., Liv. g, 16: 
equorum p., Tac. H. 1, 79: for the sake 
of q., (milites expediti) ad pernicitatem, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 84: my q. tS gone, p. 
deserit: consitus sum senectute, Pl. 
Men. 5, 2, 4. Join: p. et celeritas, 
Cic. Tuse. 5, 15, 45- 4, agilitas, 7. 
(Vv. NIMBLENESS: ACTIVITY: SPEED): cf. 
ag. navium, ‘Liv. 26, 51: ag. rotarum, 
Curt. 4, 6. Join: cursus et agilitas 
(for the q. movements of a comic actor), 
Quint. 11, 3,180. Fig.: g. of feeling: 
cf. ag., ut ita dicam, mollitiaque naturae, 
Cic. Att. 1, 17. 5, facilitas, 7. (cf. 
EASE: READINESS): q. Of Courage, au- 
dendi f., Quint. 12, 6, 7: (in learning): 
cf. aetatis illius (puerilis) f., id. 1, 12, 11: 
of utterance or enunciation, oris f., id. 
Io, 7,26: but rather cf fluent than rapid 
elocution: cf. id. 10, 2, 12: and, for the 
distinction of fac. and celeritas, cf. Sen. 
Ep.4o. Perb. also matiratio, Auct. Her. 
3, 2, 3. N.B.—Expr. also in all senses 
by the adj. and adv. (e. g. _ q-, Ce.) 
27 


QUID 


QUIET 


QUIET 





quid: in the Phr. to give quid pro 
quo, par pari respondére or referre: cf. 
par pari respondet, Pl. Truc. 5, 47: p. p. 
respondimus, Cic. Att. 6, 1: par pari re- 
ferto, Ter. Kun. 3, 1, 55. 

quiddany: quince-marmalade: v. 
QUINCE. 

quiddity : |. A scholastic term, 
that which answers to the question quid 
est? v. ESSENCE: in med. Lat. quidditas, 
f- (cf.:— i int 

“ Where entity and quiddity, 

The ghosts of detunct bodies lie”’ 
Hudibras). 
ff. Hence, derisively, a trivial ques- 

tion, captiuncula: quaestio captiosa: 
V. QUIBBLE. 

quiescence: V- QUIET: REPOSE: 
REST: quiescentia (late), Firm. M. 1, 3. 

quiescent: «¢ vest (esp. in physics, 
e. g. “a g. medium,” Newton's Opticks) : 
expr. gen. by quiescens: cf. quiescentes 
aquae (standing waters, opp. to flowing), 
Plin. 13, 11, 22: Vv. QUIET: (AT) REST: 
STILL, 

quiet (s.): |. Gen. sense, the ab- 
sence of disturbance : stillness: repose : 
rest. 1, quiés, étis, f. 2. tranquil- 
litas, atis, f.: (usu. the calmness of the 
sea): Join: cf. locus quietis et tran- 
quillitatis plenissimus, Cic. de Or. I, 1: 
ef. omnem tranquillitatem et quietem 
senectutis acceptam refert clementiae 
tuae, id. Deiot. 13, 38. Join: mira 
serenitas cum tranquillitate, i. e. the pe- 
culiar q. of a still, calm day, Liv. 26, 
11: (cf. in the abstract, “ Indulgent 
quiet, power serene,’ Hughes). Fig.: 
q- (or peace) of mind, cf. securitas, quae 
est animi tanquam tr., Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 23: 
(with quietus): cf. quiet, adj. Join: 
tr. atque otium (gq. and repose in one’s 
daily life): cf. (Agricola) tranquilli- 
tatem atque otium penitus auxit, Tac. 
Agr. 40: V.CALMNESS: STILLNESS. Also 
the n. of the adj. used subs. (not in nom.), 
tranquillum, 7., a state of q.: to live in 
q., esse in tranquillo, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 8: 
cf. (Deus) qui fluctibus e tantis vitam in 
tam tranquillo locavit, Lucr. 5, 12. , 
réquies, @tis, ei, and é, f. (after labour 
and trouble), a delicious q., r. plena ob- 
lectationis, Cic. Am. 27, 103. Phr.: in 
g. resting places, in requie, Vulg. Is. 
XXXVili. 18: V. RECREATION: REST: RE- 
pose. Also, in this sense, rémissio, Gnis, 
Jf.: used with quies, Cic. Coel. 17: every 
one ought to be allowed some interval of 
q., danda est omnibus aliqua remissio, 
Quint. I, 3, 8: Vv. RELAXATION. 4, 
otium, n., (opp. to the pressure of affairs : 
v. LEISURE): to obtain q., in otium venire, 
Cic. Att. 1, 7: to enjoy q., otio frui, id. 
Off. 3, 1, 3: I’m so in love with q., sic 
enim sum complexus otium, ut ab eo 
divelli non queam, Cic. Att. 2,6: in a 
bad sense, a lazy q., 0. inertissimum 
et desidiosissimum, id. Agr. 2, 33: to 
waste (or, lounge away) one’s q. (quiet 
time) in sloth, o. segne trahere, Tac. 
H. 4, 70. Expr. by adj. (subjectively) : 
when he took up his pen in q., quum 
otiosus stilum prehenderat, Cic. Brut. 
24, 93. To live in q., in otio vivere, 
id. Agr. 2, 37, 103. Join: ot. et tran- 
quillitas: to seek for q. and tranquil- 
lity in life, ot. ac trang. vitae sequi, 
id. Mur. 27, 55- 5, pax, pacis, f.: cf. 
temperantia pacem animis affert, Cic. 
Fin. 1,145 to reign in q., in pace reg- 
nare, Vulg. 2 Paralip.xiv.5. 6, silen- 
tium, ”.; V. SILENCE, STILLNESS: not 
only opp. to speaking, but to noise in 
gen., and, in wider sense, to disturbance : 
peace and q., Join: otium et s. est, 
Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 35: in the q. (i.e. 
stillness) of night: ef. se vocem noctis 
silentio audisse clariorem humana, Liv. 
5, 32: Plur. cf. severa silentia noctis, 
Lucr. 4,461 : cf. per muta silentia noctis, 
Ov. M. 4, 184: hence expr. “ the land 
A dreadful q. felt, and, worser far Than 
arms, a sullen interval of war,’ Dryden. 
Join: sil. otiumque (q. and truce, or 
inaction) inter armatos, Liv. 2, 45: the q. 
of the fields or country (noiselessness) : 
cf. nactus silentia ruris (when he reached 
the q. fields), Ov. M. 1, 235: to keep watch 

628 








ing., cum silentio praestolari, Vulg. Jud. 
Xvi. 2: the words of the wise are heard 
in q., Verba sapientium audiuntur in 
silentio, id. Eccles. ix. 17: to pass one’s 
life in q. (opp. to action), vitam silentio 
transire, Sall. C. 1: with gen.: @ per- 
petual q. (of inaction) in the courts and 
forum, s, perpetuum judiciorum ac fori, 
Cic. Pis. 14, 32: just such was the q. 
course of his praetorship, idem praeturae 
tenor et silentium, Tac. Agr. 6. Also 
expr. in quiet by tacitus, etc. (v- QUIET, 
adj.: QUIETLY). Transf.: he reigned 
in q. at Amyclae (lit., over the q. A.), 
tacitis regnavit Amyclis, Virg. Aen. Io. 
564. ||. In political sense: (of the 
State), freedom from war and com- 
motion: (of persons), abstinence from 
political activity: neutrality in party 
strife: 1, quies: long q.: cf. (of 
Rome) ex summa laetitia atque lascivia, 
quae diuturna q. pepererat, Sall. C. 31: 
q. is distasteful to the people, ingrata genti 
q., Tac. G. 14. 2. esp. otium: (opp. 
to bellum) cf. multitudo insolens belli 
diuturnitate otii, Caes. B. C. 2, 36: cf. 
Hor. Od. 2, 16, 5-6: with ab; cf. otium 
ab hoste fuit, Liv. 3, 32: to give q. to: 
with ex (after a war): cf. ex maxime 
bello tantum otium toti insulae conci- 
liavit, Nep. Timol. 3. Join: pax et 
otium (peace and q.); si Civitas longa 
pace et otio torpeat, Tac. G. 14: to 
give (a people) q., 0. afferre (with dat.). 
Join: id quod vobie affero, pacem, 
tranquillitatem, otium, peace, repose, q. 
(after civil dangers), Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 102: 
to live in q., in otio esse, ib.: in that 
very q., Sub ipso o., ib. 103: fo maintain 
a q. purchased by blood, vita partum o. 
tenere, ib. 103: to live in q. (abstaining 
from political conflicts): those who live 
in q. for the sake of indulging sloth, 
ii, ani propter desidiam in otio vivunt, 
ib.: expr. by adj.: to confer perfect q. 
upon, otiosissimos reddere, ib, (see the 
play upon the words through the whole 
passage): Vv. NEUTRALITY. 3. tran- 
quillum, m. (not in nom.), a state of q. 
(free from civil disturbance) : cf. im urbe 
ex tranquillo nec opinata moles discor- 
diarum exorta est, Liv. 4, 13: im q. 
(without further disturbance), cetera 
tribuni tranquillo peregere, 14. 3, 14: q. 
being restored, republica in tranquillum 
redacta, ib. 40. 4, pax: v. PEACE: 
Fig., ventorum paces, Lucr. 6, 1229. 
quiet (adj.): |, Free from motion 
and disturbance: (both objectively and 
subjectively). (Note: these senses are 
so distributed among the Latin words, 
as to be best discerned by exx.). i M4 
quietus: (the subj. sense prevails): (i.) 
of persons: Join: vir rectus, integer, 
q., ac verecundus, Plin. Ep. 7, 31: in- 
tegri, q., otiosi homines, Cic. Agr. 2, 28: 
Superl., bomo quietissimus, id. Verr. 4, 
19: a mind q. and unpreoccupied, q. et 
solutus animus, Cic. R.Com. 15: to let a 
person be q., (aliquem) quietum reddere : 
cf. sex ego te totos, Parmeno hos menses 
q. reddam, Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 46: to be q. 
and mind one’s own business, cf. operam 
detis ut quieti sitis et ut vestrum ne- 
gotium agatis, Vulg. 1 Thess. iv. 11: a 
meek and q. spirit, q. et modestus spi- 
ritus, id. 1 Pet. iii. 4: calm and q. talle 
or utterance, Join: q. et remissus 
sermo: decorus est sermo senis, q. et 
rem., Cic. Sen. 9, 28: a peaceful, tran- 
quil, q., happy life, Join: placata, 
tranquilla, quieta, beata vita, Cic. Fin. 
I, 21, 71. Join: placida quietaque 
(calm and q.): ef. tranquillitas (animi) 
id est, pl. q.que constantia, id. Tusc. 4, 
5,10. Hence, peaceable, free from am- 
bition, neutral (in civil commotions) : 
he harasses the q., q. lacessit, Just. 7, 
6: to keep q. at home, cf. quoad cum 
civibus dimicatum est, domi q. fuit, 
Nep. Pelop. 4: the q. reign of Numa, 
q. Pompili regnum, Hor. Od. 1, 12, 33: 
to lead an inactive and q. life, otiosam 
aetatem et q. sine ullo labore et con- 
tentione traducere, Cic. Sen. 23, 82: 
that we lead a q. and peaceable life, 
Join: ut q. et tranqnillam vitam 


enue, Vulg. 1 Tim. ii. 2: of a pro- 








vince (after an outbreak): cf. paulo 
habuit post id factum quietiorem Gal- 
liam, Caes. B. G. 5, 58. Join: pacatis- 
sima et quietissima pars (Galliae), ib. 24 : 
a people q. and secure, Join: populum 
securum et q., Vulg. Judic. xviii. 7: ef. 
terram latissimam et q., id. 1 Paralip. iv. 
40. (ii.) of animals: (gentle), cf. equi 
fiunt quietiores, Varr. R. R. 2,7. (iii-) 
of things: (v. CALM): cf. q. amnes (i. e, 
gently flowing), Hor. Od. 3, 29, 40: the q. 
air, q. aér, Virg. Aen. 5, 216: (and subs., 
quietum, m. Petr, 131): cf. quietiore 
nec feratur aequore, Hor. Ep. f0, 11. 

2. tranqnillus: esp. of persons, feel- 
ings, life: V. CALM, TRANQUIL. Comp.: 
when I hear that you are in a@ quieter 
state of mind, quum te tranquilliorem 
animo esse cognoro, Cic. Fam. 4, 5, fin- 
Sup.: a q. state of life: tr. res: cf. qui 
me hodie ex tranquillissima re conjecisti 
in nuptias, Ter. Andr. 3, 5, 14: (opp. to 
turbulentus) cf. illum meum turbulen- 
tissimum tempus profectionis tuo tran- 
quillissimo praestat, Cic. Pis. 15, 35. 
To make q., expr. by this adj.: v. To 
QUIET. 8. Otldsus: at leisure, free 
from engagements and interruptions ; 
also, indisposed to business : indifferent : 
neutral: when I was q. at home, quum 
essem ot. domi, Cic. Brut. 3: q. (i.e. 
unconcerned) spectators, etc., spectatores 
ot. Leuctricae calamitatis, Cic. Off. 2, 7: 
absol., cf. crudeliter otiosis minabantur 
(those who remained q., in the civil war} 
id. Fam. 9, 6, med. Fig. : (= gentle): 
cf. fons vel rivus hue conveniat otiosus, 
Plin. Ep. 9,6. Also expr. by the subs. : 
or that you would at least keep q. (in the 
civil war), (ut) aut certe te in otium 
referres, Dolab. in Cic. Fam. 9, 9: in q. 
times, per otium: cf. studia per otium 
concelebrata, Cic. Inv.1,3. 4, pacatus, 
at peace (sometimes, but not always, 
after a state of disturbance): (i.) of 
countries, states, provinces, etc.: Join: 
p. tranquillaeque civitates, Cic. de Or. 
1,8: Sup., in provincia pacatissima, id. 
Lig. 2. (ii.) of things : cf. pacati status 
aéris, Lucr. 3, 293: p. mare, Hor. Od. 4, 
5, 19: p. vultus, Ov. F. 1, 3. Comp., 
a quieter style, oratio pacatior, Cic. 
Brut. 31. §, placatus: a calm and q. 
state of mind, Join: animi quietus et 
p. status, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6: in oratory: 
to speak about things of a q. sort and 
not disturbing, de rebus placatis ac 
minime turbulentis loqui, id. Or. 19, 63: 
of things: pl. maria, Virg. Aen. 3, 69. 
Sup., most q. rest: cf. mors ei somno 
similis est, qui nonnunquam, etiam sine 
visis somniorum, placatissimam quietem 
affert, Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97. 6, pla- 
cidnus (Vv. CALM: GENTLE: MILD: UN- 
DISTURBED): of persons: gentle and q., 
Join: clemens, placidus, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 
1o: ef. Cic. Caecin 10: of things: pl. 
coelum, Sil. 12, 667: pl. mare, Pl. Ep. 9, 
26: pl. amnis, Ov. M. 1, 702: pl. vita, 
Lucr. 5, 1121: pl. somnus, Ov. F. 3, 185: 
pl. mors, Virg. Aen. 6, 522: a q. style, 
pl. oratio, Cic. de Or. 2, 43: a q. and 
gentle old age, Join: pl. ac lenis se- 
nectus, id. Sen. 5. 7, sédatus (opp. to 
quick or violent motion): cf. oderunt 
sedatum celeres, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 90: (to 
a riotous mob), ye ought to be q., and to 
do nothing rashly, oportet vos sedatos 
esse, et nibil temere agere, Vulg. Act. 
xix. 36: sedato gradu in castra abeunt, 
Liv. 25, 37: aq. river (as a fig. of style): 
cf. alter (Herodotus) sine ullis salebris 
quasi sed. amnis fluit, alter (Thucy- 
dides) incitatior fertur, Cic. Or. 12, fin. 
Comp.: of oratorical rhythm : (contrasted. 
with tranquillior) cf. (Isocrates) est, ut 
in transferendis faciendisque verbis tran- 
quillior (less daring), sic in ipsis numeris 
sedatior, id. ib. 52, 176: at a somewhat 
q. time (of less public excitement), 
paulo sedatiore tempore, id. Clu. 3%, 
103. Sup., to speak in a very q. and sub- 
dued voice, sedatissima et depressissima 
voce uti, Auct. Her. 3, 14. 7, taci- 
turnus (opp. to noisy, demonstrative : 
more often than actually silent): cf. 
tristem semper, quia t. videbant, Cic. 


| Sest. g, 21: q. (or still) silence, t. silentia = 





QUIET 





ef. Lucr. 4, 584-5 (of the Satyrs, Nymphs, 
and Fauns) :— 
“Quorum noctivago strepitu ludoque 
jocanti 
Affirmant volgo taciturna silentia 
rumpi.”” 
Also tacitus (prop. silent): to obtrude 
one’s idle talk on a person when he's 
reading or wanting to be q., legentem aut 
tacitum impellere quovis sermone, Hor. 
S. 1, 3, 65: to keep anything q. (secret), 
tacitum (7. acc. of obj.) tenere; cf. tantum 
eos admoneamus, ut illud, etiam si est 
verissimum, tacitum tamen, tanquam 
mysterium, teneant, Cic. de Or. 3,17, 64: 
to be q. under (ill treatment), tacitum 
(acc. of subj.) ferre, pati: v. QUIETLY. 
8. concurs, dis, undisturbed by 
quarrels: Vv. PEACEFUL: HARMONIOUS : 
a settled and q. condition of the state, 
moderatus et concors civitatis status, 
Cic. Leg. 3,12, 28. Comp., ut multo fiat 
civitas concordior, Pl. Aul. 3, 5,7. Fig. 
(of q. things): c. aquae, Plin. 5, 9, 10: 
c. anni, Ov. M. 8,708. 9, Other adjs. 
may be used for the sense of calm, gentle, 
peaceable (q. v.): e.g. clemens, facilis, 
mitis, sérénus: and objectively, sécurus. 
quiet, to be, to keep, to remain: 
|. Obj.: to be at ease, at rest, at 
peace, undisturbed. Il. Subj.: to be 
peaceful, to abstain from action: (dis- 
tinguish the meanings in the examples) : 
¥. TO REST: TOCEASE. 1, quiesco, Evi, 
étum, 3: cf. (of Antenor) nunc placida 
compostus pace quiescit, Virg. Aen. 1, 
249: (‘and there in q. reigns,” Dry- 
den): of a country in a state of peace: 
quievit terra xl. annos, Vulg. Judic. viii, 
28 (cf. 2 Paralip. xiv. 1): the realm 
was q., quievit regnum, id. 2 Paralip. 
Xx. 30: urbs quievit, ib. xxiii. 21: re- 
vertetur Jacob et quiescet, id. Jer. xxx. 
to. Subj. (to be at peace): cannot re- 
main q., cf. (of Carthage) renovat pris- 
tina bella, nec potest q., Cic. Rep. 6, 11: 
Fig. (of an instrument of destruction) : 
Join: q. with sileo: O mucro Domini, 
usquequo non quiesces (be q.)? Ingre- 
dere in vaginam tuam), refrigerare, et sile 
2d and be still) : quomodo quiescet, etc. ? 
ulg. Is. xlvii. 6, 7: to keep q (opp. to 
mischievous meddling), used with pass. 
impers. of a thing (opp. to keeping it 
up): how easily could we have given this 
matter its quietus if this fellow had kept 
q., quibtis quidem quam facile potuerat 
quiesci, si hic quiesset, Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 
8: of neutrality in civil war: to remain 
q., Cic. Att. 9, 10: cf. pro conditione tem- 
porum quieturus, Suet. Caes. 16: of 
things: cf. prato gravia arma quiescunt 
(lie q., i. e. unused), Virg. Aen. 10, 836: 
the waves are q., quierunt aequora, ib. 
., 6: Fig. of the sea (for a maritime 
state), prae sollicitudine q. non potuit, 
Vulg. Jer. xlix. 23: of silence: cf. 
quiescunt voces, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 27: Fig. 
of contentment: Join: nonne silui? 
nonne quievi? (at rest and q.), Vulg. 
Job iii. 26. Compds.: conquiesco, 3, to 
be perfectly at rest, to keep quite still : 
v. (AT) REST: cf. videmus igitur, ut c. 
ne infantes quidem possint, Cic. Fin. 5, 
20, 55: to let a person be q., cf. nec nocte 
nec interdiu virum conq. pati, Liv. 1, 47: 
of the senses: cf. ubi aures, convicio de- 
fessae, conquiescant, Cic. Arch. 6, 12: 
with in: to enjoy q.: cf. in nostris studiis 
libentissime conquiescimus, id. Fam. 9, 
6: wth ex: Vv. TO REST FROM: of astate: 
the city was % q., civitas conquievit, 
Vulg. 4 Reg. xi. 20 (cf. 2 Paralip. xxiii. 
21): Fig. of inanimate nature: the whole 
earth is at rest and is q., Join: con- 
quievit et siluit omnis terra, id. Is. xiv. 
7: réquiesco, to take rest: Vv. TO REST: 
TO REST FROM: esp. in sleep aud death: 
v. inf. 8. v. sileo, No. IIL. 1: of peace of 
mind: shall be q. from fear of evil, absque 
terrore requiescet, Vulg. Prov. i. 33: Fig. 
reqwescet indignatio mea in te, id. Ezek. 
XVL 42. 2, dtior, dep.: (opp. to oceu- 
pation) : cf. quum se Syracusas otiandi 
non negotiandi causa contulisset, Cic. Off. 
3, 14: Lremain q. (spend my time q.ly) 
at home, domesticus otior, Hor. S. a 6, 
128. 3, viico, 1, with abl., to be free 


QUIET 


et negotio, Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8: metu ac 
periculis, Liv. 7, 1: absol., rare: be qg.! 
(= attend), cf. dum perago tecum pauca 
sed apta, vaca,Ov.Am.2, 2,2. ||. Zo 
be silent ; hence to cease or refrain from 
noise, disturbance, or complaint : A 
siléo, ui, 2: be q. and silent and attend, 
Join: silete, et tacete, atque animum 
advortite, Pl. Poen. prol. 3: all sitting q. 
(in expectation), sedentibus ac silentibus 
cunctis, Suet. Cland. 21: to order or tell 
to be q., cf. obstrepentes forte ranas sil 
jussit, Suet. Aug 94, med.: with obj. : 
to be q. ubout, or to keep a thing q., 
cf. tu hoc silebis, Cic. Att. 2, 18, fin. : 
with rel. clause, qua tulerit mercede, 
silet, Ov. M. 7. 688: pass., that matter 
is kept q., ea res siletur, Cic. Fl. 3: and 
pass. impers., with de: cf. de jurgio 
siletur, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 13 : of freedom from 
anxiety: take heed and Ete fear not, 
vide ut sileas, noli timere, Vulg. Is. vii. 
4: Join: sileo et requiesco, to be q. 
and at rest: cf. (of death), nunc enim 
dormiens silerem, et somno meo re- 
quiescerem, Vulg. Job iii. 13: of things 
(usu. poet.): v. STILL: cf. intempesta 
silet nox, Virg. G. 1, 247: sepes im- 
motaeque silent frondes, silec humidus 
aér, Ov. M. 7, 186: silet aura, Col. 2, 21, 
5: silent late loca, Virg. Aen. g, 190: 
of the sea, s. aequor, Virg. K. 9, 57: 8. 
mare, Val. Fl. 7, 542: (after a sturm) ; 
siluerunt fluctus ejus: .... et laetati 
sunt quia silnerunt, Valg. Ps. cvi. (cvii.) 
29, 30. 2, Also expr. by the subs. 
silentium: be quiet! fac silentium, Pl. 
Pers. 4, 3, 50: to keep q., sil. tenere, 
facere: to order a person to keep q. 
(tmpers.), silentium fieri jubere (opp. to 
excitari), Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: when all 
were q. (silent), silentio facto, Liv. 24, 7: 
cf. Quint. 2, 5,6: to be q. about a thing, 
silentio praeterire, Cic. Sull. 21, fin. ; 
id. Phil. 13, 6: s. transire, id. Att. 2, 19: 
Plin. Ep. §. 20: v. SILENCE: SILENT: 
STILL. 
silent, more strictly than sileo; but also 
in wider sense): be g.! tace: cf. ne ob- 
turba, ac tace! Pl. Poe I, 2, 9: with 
acc., to keep a thing q.: cf. tum demum 
Liscus, quod antea tacuerat, proponit, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 17: with de: to keep q. 
about a thing: cf. an me taciturum 
tantis de rebus existimavistis ? Cic. Verr. 
Act. I, 9, 27: pass. imypers.; with dat. 
of pers.: whom he wished to keep q. 


5 any sort of disturbance : e.g. cura 
| 





about, etc., quibus de se et de suis factis | 


taceri velit, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 4: absol., 
if you want the matter to be kept q., 
taceri si vis, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 26: of 
animals and (fig.) natural objects: cf. 
canis ipse tacet, Tib. 2, 4, 34: nox erat, 
quum tacet omnis ager, pictaeque vo- 
lucres, Virg. Aen. 4, 525- Compds.: 
conticesco (and -cisco), ticiili. 3: cf. sed 
conticiscam, nam audio aperiri fores, PI. 
Bac. 4, 6, 28: of things: conticuere un- 
dae, Ov. M. 5, 574: reticéo, ii, 2: with 
obj. of thing, to krep q. about, Cic. Fam. 
5,2: quae audierat, Sall. C. 23: v. (To 
KEEP) SILENCE. 4, favére linguis, 
ore, etc.: prop. to abstain from words 
of evil omen (at a religious rite): hence, 
not to interrupt, to be silent and quiet : 
(the worshippers) were warned to be q., 
ut faverent linguis imperabatur, Cic. 
Div. 1, 45, 102: pass. impers. (custos) 
qui faveri linguis jubeat, Plin. 28, 2, 3: 
keep q., favete linguis, Hor. Od. 3, 1,2: 
Join: linguis animisque favete, Ov. F. 
I, 71: ore favete, Virg. Aen. 5, 71. 
Phr.: can’t you be q.? potin’ ut de- 
sinas, to be gq. under (a wrong, ete.). v. 
QUIETLY. g expr. by pax! as interj.: 
be q.! (=hold your tongue), pax ! Pl. Mil. 
3, 1, 213: Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 49. 

quiet (v. a.): 1, tranquillo, 1: v. 
TO CALM: TO COMPOSE. Also expr. by 
adj. with facere: to q. a person when 
angry, tranquillum facere ex irato, PI. 
Cist. 3,21. Comp., they quieted the plebs, 
tranquilliorem plebem fecerunt, Liv. 2, 
63: cf. ita hanc canem faciam tibi oleo 
tranquilliorem, Pl. Poen. 5, 4,66. 9, 
paco, 1: of persons and countries (gen., 
after war or insurrection): v. To suB- 


3. tacéo, ti, itum, 2 (to be} 


QUIETLY 


DUE: of emotions: dolores p., Claud. de 
Apono, fin.: to q. the wavering tides of 
Feeling, incertos animi aestus p., id. 1V. 
Cons. Honor. 225. 3. placo, 1: v. 
TO CALM: TO APPEASE: cf. benevolos 
objurgatores pl., Cic. N. D. 1, 3: of 
emotions: cf. non perturbare animos, 
sed pl. potius, Cic. Or. 19,65. Join: 
animos pl et lenire, id Fin. 1, 14: in- 
vidiam pl., Hor. S. 2, 3, 13: of things : 
to q. a ravening belly with food, esca 
ventrem iratum pl, ib. 2, 8,5. Poet., 
quum vult aequora placat, Ov. M. 11, 
432: not to be quieted, implacabilis: v. 
IMPLACABLE, 4. sédo, 1: v. TO aL- 
LAY: TO APPEASE: TO ASSUAGE: TO 
CHECK: rare of persons: cf. tumultu- 
antes deinde milites ipse sedavit, Just. 
12, 15: of noise and disturbance, sedato 
tandem fremitu, Liv. 21, 20: tumuitum 
s., Caes. B. C. 3, 18: discordias, Cic. 
Phil. 1, 1: seditionem, id. Rep. 1, 38: 
contentionem, Liv. 39, 3g: of storms; 
Vv. TO LULL: of emotions and their utter- 
ance: animos militum s., Liv. 26, 21: 
rabiem s., Hor. Epod. 12,9: pavorem s., 
Liv. 1, 16: lamentationem s., id. 25, 37: 
fletus s., Prop. 2, 16, 31; appetitus 
omnes s., Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103: opp. to 
incitare and excitare: cf. quorum se- 
dare animos malunt, quam incitare, Cic. 
Or. 1g, 65 (after perturbare and placare, 
v. sup. No. 3): cf. in animis hominum 
motum dicendo vel excitare vel sedare, 
id. de Or. 1, 46, 202- to q. the voice of 
envy and calumny, invidiam et in- 
famiam sed., Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 1. 5. 
Expr. by other verbs signifying To 
SOOTHE: TO LULL: TO MITIGATE: and 
the like: e.g. lénio, 4: permulcéo, 2: 
sopio, 4 (esp. to lull to sleep, e. g. con- 
science, scruples): and by facio, with 
| adjs. signifying Quiet (q. v.): and with 
| subs.: to gq. a noise, silentium (classico) 
| fac., Liv. 2, 25: and with verbs signify- 
| ing to be q.: €. g. requiescere fecerunt 
| spiritum meum, Vulg. Zech. vi. 8. 

quieter (s.): one who quiets, paca- 
tor: sédator, elc.: Vv. PACIFIER. 

quieting (s.): placatio (and -men) 
sedatio (and -men), etc.: v. CALMING . 
PACIFYING: SOOTHING: €. g. moerendi 
sedatio, Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 65: animi sed., 
|} id. Fin. 1, 19, jfin.: perturbationum 
| animi sed., Cic. Off. 1, 27. 

quietly (adv.): 1, quiété: a life 
spent q., q. acta aetas, Cic. de Sen. 5: 
that which conduces most to living q., 
quod aptissimum est ad q. vivendum, 
Cic. Fin. 1,16. Comp., Join: quietius 
tranguilliusque, Liv. 27, 12: sup., they 
retreated very q., Quietissime se Trece- 
| perunt, Caes. B. C. 3, 4: also expr. by 
| the adj. : sleeping q., quietos, Tac. A. 1, 
49- 2, tranquillé: to speak q., tr. 
dicere, Cic. Or. 28,99. Join: tr. placi- 
deque: tf we wish to pass our term of 
life q. and calmly, si volumus boc, quod 
datum est vitae, tr. pLque traducere, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 25. Comp. to wait the 
move q., tranquillius manere, Sen. Ep. 
71, med.: sup., tranquillissime senuit, 
Suet, Aug. 2, med. 8, placaté: esp. 
in the Phr., to bear q.: cf. omnia 
humana (the commen lot of man) pla- 
cate et moderate feramus, Cic. Fam. 6, 1: 
Comp., Join: remissius et placatius 
ferre, ib. 13. 4, placidé: of move 
ments: forem aperire, Pl. Bac. 4, 9, 35: 
ire, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 27: progredi, Caes, 
B. G. 6, 8: of feelings: Join: pl. et 
sedate ferre dolorem, Cic. usc. 2, 24: of 
speaking: Join: placide et benigne, 
Sall. J. 102: sup., he answered very q 
placidissime respondit, Aug. Conf. 6, 1 
Vv. MILDLY, 5, Otidsé: (free from 
occupation, and preoccupation): ot. viv- 
ere, Cic. Off. 3, 26: inambulare in foro, 
Liv. 23, 7, fin.: (free from fear), ot. ut 
dormias, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 100: (opp. to 
haste and hurry): of movement, ot. 
ambulare (opp. to cito), Pl. Ps. 4, 1, 14: 
todoa thing wellandg., Join: bene 
et ot., Cato, R. R. 76, jin.: of mental 
action: ot. quaerere, Cic. Fin. 4, 13: cf. 
contemplari unumquodque ot. et con- 
siderare coepit, Cic. Verr. 4, 15. 6. 
sédat€: Vv. CALMLY: TRANQUILLY: CoM- 

6290 














QUIETNESS 





POSEDLY. 7. séciré, unconcernedly : 
e. g. to hear (bad news). Join: adeo- 
que lente ac sec. tulit ut gaudentis etiam 
suspiciunem praeberet, Suet. Ner. 40: 
cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 4: Vell. 2, 129. Comp., 
Sen. Ep. 18, med. 8, tacité (without 
uttering one’s feelings): ct. tacite non 
tulit verecundiam senatus, Liv. 5, 28: 
also expr. by the adj.: cf. somnus per 
tacitum allapsus, Sil. ro, 354. 9. 
Expr. by silentium: to do a thing q., 
silentio agere: cf. ego illas omnes res 
egi silentio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 12: per 
silentium agere, Ter. Heaut. prol. 36: 
Tac. A. 4, 53: to bear q., cf. gravissimas 
plagas ferre silentio, Cic. Tusc. 2, 20: to 
hear q. (without interruption): cf. 
silentio auditus, Caes. B. C. 3, 19: most 
q., cf. auditus est magno silentio, Cic. 
Q. F.2,1: withcum (= with patience) : 
attend q., cum silentio animadvertite, 
Per. Kun. prol. 44: to wait q. for, cf. 
bonum est praestolari cum silentio salu- 
tare Dei, Vulg. Lam. iii.26. Not to bear 
q., aegre ferre: v. TO BEAR: TO PUT UP 
WITH: sollicitum esse de: v. ANXIOUS. 

quietness (subs.): sometimes dis- 
tinguished from quiet, as more abstract 
and continuous: expr. gen. by same 
terms as QUIET: the following exx. 
answer better to quietness. 1. quies, 
étis, f.: v. QUrET. Comp. réquies : 
better is a handful with q., etc., melior 
est pugillus cum requie, quam plena 
utraque manus cum labore et afflictione 
animi, Vulg. Eccl. iv. 6: cf. Prov. xvii. 
I, melior est buccella sicca cum gaudio, 
quam domus plena victimis cum jurgio. 

9. dtium,n.: Join: ot. et pax: (in 
times of civil war): J turn my thoughts 
wholly to q. and peace, valde me ad 
otium pacemque converto, Cic. Q. F. 3, 
5: and pl., to live in q.. otia peragere: 
cf. Mollia securae peragebant otia gentes. 

3. pax, pacis, f.: when He giveth 
q., ipso concedente pacem, Vulg. Job 
Xxxiv. 29: (addressed to a ruler) seeing 
that by thee we enjoy great q., quum in 
multa pace agamus per te, id. Act. xxiv. 
2 4. silentium, m.: in q. and con- 
ce, Join: in silentio ef in spe 

erit fortitudo vestra, Vulg. Is. xxx. 15: 
cf. ib. xxxii. 17, erit opus justitiae pax, 
et cultus justitiae silentium et securitas 
usque in sempiternum (peace, and q., 
and assurance): that with q.they work, 
and eat their own bread, ut cum silentio 
operantes suum panem manducent, id. 
1 Thess. iii. 12. 5, coucordia, f.: v. 
HARMONY. 6, The abstr. term. -ness 
answers to -tas in (i.) tranquillitas: v. 
QUIET: (ii.) placiditas: v. GENTLENESS : 
iii.) séciiritas: q. of bearing: cf. vocis 
et vultus sec., Tac. A. 15, 55: of style: 
cf. sec. inaffectatae orationis, Quint. 11, 
1, fin.: of mind, Join: tranquillitas 
animi et sec. (following, vacandum est 
omni perturbatione), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 69: 
(with Grk. equiv.), cf. Democriti sec., 
quae est animi tanquam tranquillitas, 
quam appellavit ev@uucar, id. Fin. 5, 8, 
23. Join: silentium et sec., (v. sup. 
No. 4.). 7, sérénitas: v. CALM- 
NESS: SERENITY. 

quietude: VY. CALMNESS: QUIET (s.): 
REST: quietido, inis, f.: only in Gloss. 
Cyrill. as = penta, novxia. 

quietus: this Angiv-Latinism may 
answer to quies, used transitively with 
obj. gen.: cf. neque molestiam exstinc- 
tionem et quasi quietem vitae fore, Cic. 
Frag. Hortens.: to have a q. given to 
(a person or thing), quiesci, with dat., 
Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 8: v. TO FINISH: TO 
QUIET: TO SETTLE: TO SILENCE. 

quill: |. The strong tip feathers 
of a large bird’s wing (Bacon, etc.),, 
and poet. the wing itself (e. g. “ with her 
nimble q.s the soul doth seem to hover,” 
Drayton): penna and pl.: v. FEATHER: 
WING. Il. The same prepared for 
writing : penna, cf. instrumenta scribae 
calamus et p., sed c. arboris est, p. avis, 
[sid. Orig. 6,14: v. PEN. (N.B.— Quill 
often pen: as in “ quill- driver,” 
scriba.) Note—Sometimes also for a 
tube to suck drinics through : aud small 
tubys . general: sipho (sifo) Onis, m. : 

30 














QUINCUNCIAL 


Cels. 1, 8, jfin.: Vv. TUBE. lll. The 
prickle of @ porcupine: p.s covered 
(roofed in) with q.s, hystrices spina con- 
tectae, Plin. 8, 35, 53. IV. Used for 
striking a stringed instrument. it 
plectrum, n.: (for the lyre): Cie. N. D. 
2, 59: Ov. M. t1, 168: hence plectra 
movere (to strike the lyre), id. Her. 3, 
113. 2. pecten, inis, m. (for the 
cithara): an tvory q., cf. jamque eadem 
(the seven notes of the cithara) digitis 
jam pectine pulsat eburno, Virg. Aen. 
6, 647 :— 
“His flying fingers, and harmonious 
quill, 
Strike seven distinguished notes, and 
seven at once they fill.’—Dryden. 
VY. An instrument used in weaving : 
pecten, inis, m.: called argutus (shrvll) 
from its noise: cf. Arguto tenues per- 
currens pectine telas, Virg. Aen. 7, 14: 
cf. Ov. F. 3, 820. 

quillet ; contr. of QUIDLIBET. 

quilt (subs.): |. Orig. a stuffed 
coverlet, fr. Lat. culcita (cushion, mat- 
tress, pillow), wh. may be used for 
such a form of q. as an eider-down q. 

I]. Usu. a quilted coverlet (v. next 
art.). Expr. by the gen. terms, stragu- 
lum, 2.: Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61: ‘lib. 1, 1, 
65: stratum, ”.: Suet. Cal. 51: cf. lecti 
mollia strata, Lucr. 4, 850. 

quilt (v.): |. Orig. to stuff, as 
“quilted with bran,’ (Bacon): farcio, 
refercio: v. TO STUFF. [|, Zo stitch 
in wool, cotton, silk, etc., to thicken a 
garment or coverlet: *lanam, xylinum, 
bombycem, etc., vesti, strato, etc., in- 
suere, or consuere: or *vestem, etc., 
lana, etc., ins. or cons. (Note: farcire, 
or refercire, hardly proper): a quilted 
tunic (as armour), *tunica lana, etc., 
consuta by anal. fr. Varr. L. L. 9, 47, 
147- II]. Zo make a coverlet of small 
coloured pieces (or rags) sewn together : 
*pannos strato assuere (by anal. to the 
Fig. Phr. purpureus....... unus et 
alter assuitur pannus, Hor. A. P. 16): or 
stratum panniculis consuere. A quilted 
coverlet, *stragulum or stratum e pan- 
nis (or panniculis) consutum: (not 
pannosum, which is ragged, tattered). 

quinary : consisting of five (“the q. 
number of elements,’—Boyle). iL 
quinarius: Front. Aq. 25. 2, quin- 
cuplex, icis (fivefold), Mart. 14, 4: 
quintuplex: Vop. Prob. 7, 3: quinque- 
plex, Gloss. Vet. 3. quinquépartitus 
(rare): cf. q. argumentatio (i. e. in five 
heads), Cic. Inv. 1, 34: V. FIVEFOLD. 

quince or quince-apple (*pirus 
Cydonia, Linn.): Cydonium (i and e) 
malum, and absol. Cydonium (fr. Cydon, 
a town in Crete): (Latinized) cOtonéum 
(e and i): found only in plur.: cotonea 
(following mala): Cat. R. R. 7: Varr. 
R. R. 7: cf. Plin. 15, 11, 10, mala quae 
vocamus cotonea et Graeci Cydonia, ex 
Creta insula advecta...: plura eorum 
genera: chrysomela colore ad aurum 
inclinato (the yellow q.): caudidiora, 
nostratia cognominata...: Neapolitana: 
cf. Col. 5, 10,19. The juiee of quinces, 
succi malorum cydoniorum, Pallad. 11, 
20, 2: g.-wine, or rather q.-mead or q.- 
marmalade (quiddany: a confection of 
q.- juice with honey), cydoneum, n. : Dig. 
33, 6, 9: cydonites, ae, m. (sc. oivos): 
Pall. Oct. 20: méloméli, m. (4nAdmedc), 
Col. 12, 47, 3: the making of mead from 
quinces, conditura (mulsi) ex cydoniis, 
Col. 12,41. Adj. mélinus (uyAcvos: Grk. 
generic as specific): oil of quinces, m. 
oleum, Plin. 13, I, 2: hence subs. mé- 
linum, n. for quince-ointment, ib.: and 
quince eye-salve, Inscr., and a quince- 
yellow garment, Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 51. 

— tree (*Cydonia vulgaris, Linn.): 
Cydonia (with or without arbor), Pall. 
4,10: id. 3, 25: id. Ins. 65: and absol. 
Cydonius, id. 3, 25, and Ins. gg. 

quincuncial: quincuncialis, e: “of 
a pentagonal or q. distribution” (of 
trees in a plantation, Ray): cf. quin- 
cuncialis ordinum ratio (of the rows, 
i.e. thus «ee ), Plin. 17, II, 15. 





QUINTESSENCE 








quincunx: a form of plantation: 
name derived fr. the quint (Lat. quin- 
. . 
cunx) on the dice e« , but ex 
. . 
tended indefinitely, so that the trees of 
each row are opp. the intervals of the 
next row (Ray, Pope, etc.): quincunx, 
uncis, m.: cf. directi in quincuncem 
ordines, Cic. Sen. 17: cf. quid illo quin- 
cunce speciosius, qui in quamcumque 
partem spectaveris, rectus est, Quiut. 8, 
3,9. Transf.: of a military forma- 
tion: obliquis ordinibus in quincuncem 
dispositis, Caes. B. G. 7, 73. 
quinquagesima (Sunday): Domi- 
nica quinquagesima: quinquagesimae 
poenitentiae, Script. Eccles. 
quinquangular, five-cornered : (old 
and genuine, now replaced by PENTA- 
GONAL): quinquangulus, Prisc. de Pond. 
p. 1358, P. 
quinauéfid (in botany): quinqui- 
fidus, Venant. 5, 6, praef. 


quinguefoliate ; — quinquéfolius, 
Plin. 21, 5, 10. 
quinauennial : |. Lasting five 


years: quinquennalis, e: as, the censor- 
ship, q. censura, Liv. 4, 24. [J Oc- 
curring every fifth year: (in late Lat.) 
quinquennalis, after an interval of four 
complete years: e.g. magistratus q. or 
simply q. as subs. (a magistrate courres- 
ponding to the censors at Rome), Apul. 
M. I0, p. 2475 11, p. 273: Spart. Hadr. 
19: but of an event recurring at the end 
ot five years from a certain time, we 
must say *sexto quoque anno: for quin- 
quennalis (in the Roman reckoning) 
means every fourth year in ours: v. 
QUADRENNIAL. 

quinauereme: quinquérémis navis, 
Liv. 41, 9: also quinquérémis, is, f. 
subs., Cic. Verr. 4, 46: Liv. 42, 48: 
also (rare) quinqueres, is, f. (hybr. fr. 
quinque and épéaow), Nat. Tir. p. 177. 

quinsy, corrupted fr. squinancy: 
synanché, és, f. (cvvayxn, @ throttling), 
Gell. 11,9: Coel. Aur. Acut, 3, 3: Cels.: 
adj., a q.-like sore throat, synanchica 
passio, Coel. Aur. Acut. 2, 25: in pure 
Latin, angina, f., Pl. Most. 1, 3, 61 
Plin. 23, 2, 29. 

quint: |. The number five: 
simply quinque, v. FIVE: or, humor- 
ously (as “a quint of generals,” Hudi- 
bras) quinquéviri: in cards (a sequence 
of five): *consecutio quinaria. Il. 
On the dice: quincunx, uncis, m.: v. 
sup. 8. V. QUINCUNX. 

quintain: no proper term. Ainsw. 
gives, for the post itself, *palus quint- 
anus: for the game, *hastiludium, *de- 
cursus equestris (inadequate): to run at 
the q., *ad palum equestri cursu de- 
certare. Perhaps better, ad “ quint- 
anum ” (ita dictum) equitare. 

quintal: the old hundredweight : 
centumpondium, v., Pl. Asin. 2, 2, 37: 
Cat. R. R. 13, fin.: centénarium pondus 
(used in pl.), Plin. 7, 20, 19. . 

quintessence : |. Originally : 
the jifth nature or substance (according 
to the Pythagoreans), superior to the 
four elements of earth and water, air 
and fire: quinta illa (mon nominata 
magis, quam non intellecta) natura, Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 17, 40: *quinta essentia, Med. 
Lat., cf. (of heaven) “a kind of g. or 
Ju th sort of body, distinct from all these ” 
(four elements), Watts’s ‘Logic’: “ the 
etbereal q. of heaven,’- Milton. ll. 
A condensed extract of all the virtues of 
a body. 1, From the above notion, 
quinta pars: the q. of nectar, (fig.), 
oscula, quae Venus Quinta parte sui 
nectaris imbuit, Hor. Od. 1, 13,16. 2, 
vis, vis, f.: V. ESSENCE. Join: vis 
virtusque, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 120 (adapt- 
ed). 8. flos, fldris, m. (the choicest 
and most delicate part, like av@os, and 
bloom): cf. flos Liberi (the bouquet of 
wine), Pac. in Non. 498, 12: flos veteris 
vini, Pl. Cure. 1, z,1 (ef. Liberi lepos! 
ib. 4): flos vitae, Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 12. 


| Note —lépor, os, dris, m., may perh. be 


used for the g. of wit. 4, médulla, f. 
(marrow: pith): the q. of persuasive 


a 


QUINTESSENTIAL 


eloquence, tn. suadae, Enn. in Cic. Brut. 
15, 59. 5, sticus, m. (succus): cf. 
s. ingenii, Quint. prooem. § 24. Ainsw. 
gives succus subtilissimus. For philo- 
sophy, recourse may be had to the med. 
Lat., quinta essentia: cf. ESSENCE. 

quintessential (adj.): expr. by 
circumloc, : “ the matter of tbe 
heavens,” ®quinta illa coeli natura: 
after Cic. 1. c. 8. v. QUINTESSENCE. 

quintetto : *cantus quinarius : 
*chorus quinque symphoniacorum (v. 
Cic. Mil. 21, 55). 

quintuple: jivefold. 1, quin- 
cuplex, icis: cf. q. cera (a set of tablets 
consisting of five leaves), Mart. 14, 4: 
quintuplex, Vop. Prob. 7. 2. quin- 
quépartitus, Cic. Div. 1, 34. 

quintuple (v.): to make five times 
as many: quinquiplico, 1: cf. quin- 
quiplicari prorsus magistratus, Tac. 
A. 2, 36 

quip: @ smart saying: taunt: sar- 
casm: (“sudden q.s,’ Shaksp.: “ the q. 
modest,” id.: “q.s, and cranks, and wan- 
ton wiles,’”’ Milton): dictérium, n., Varr. 
in Non. ror, 3: cf. Mart. 6, 44, Omnibus 
arrides, dicteria dicis in omnes: but (in 
purer Lat.) dictum, 7.: cf. haec (dicta) 
scilicet bona (= Fr. bon-mots), quae 
salsa sint: nam ea dicta appellantur 
proprio jam nomine, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 
jin. : cf. illae ipsae (dicta sunt ac vocan- 
tur), quas certis diebus festae licentiae 
dicere solebamus, Quint. 6, 3, 16: facete 
dictum, Pl. Cap. 1, 2, 73: Cic. de Off. 1, 
29, 104: (cf. petulans jocandi genus, ib.). 
Also dicacitas, Quint. 6, 3, 21: Cic. de 
Or. 2, 54, 218: dicax argiitia, Gell. 12, 2. 

quire: |. v- CHorR. |]. A cer- 
tain quantity of paper, (i.) orig. made 
up into a book: as “the king’s quhair,” 
t. e. book, of James I. of Scotland: Fr. 
cahier:; in this sense, codex, volimen, 


“Vv. BOOK: VOLUME. (ii.) now 24 sheets: 


perh. chartae scapus, m.: (a bundle of 
not more than 20 sheets of papyrus, 
cemented to a roller, called scapus), 
Plin. 13, 12, 23, fin. : or simply *chartae 
XXIV. folia. 4 book in quires (un- 
bound): *liber nondum compactus, 
Ainsw. 

quirister: (“the coy q.s” = singing 
birds, Thomson): v. CHORISTER. 

quirk: |. Orig. a q. stroke, and 
hence, any sudden, capricious move- 
ment: V. STROKE: FIT. “I’ve felt so 
many q.8 of joy and givef,” (Shaksp.), 
*tot casus subii laetitiae et doloris (cf. 
Cic, Att. 8, 1). 


liarum inerant, Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 222: 
(cf. “I may chance to have some q.s 
and remnants of wit broken on me,’ 
Shaksp.). 2. cavillatio, f.: cf. (in- 
cluding sense III.) acerba cavillatione 
simul hominis nomen incessens, veter- 
emque partium fortunam, Suet. lib. 57 
(where the words of the q. are given). 
V. QUIP: TAUNT. Il. A verbal trick, 
in rhetoric: (cf. “conceits, puns, quirks, 
and quibbles,” Watts): among other 
terms (Vv. PUN: QUIBBLE) use its 
iicimen, n.: ef. dialectici ipsi se com- 
pungunt suis acuminibus (flip them- 
selves with their own q.s), Cic. de Or. 2, 
38. 2, argutia, f.: a palpable and 
shameless q., imsportuna atque audax 
arg., Gell. 3, 1, 6: and esp. dim argi- 
tidla, Gell. 9, 14, fin. 3. calumnia, 
f.: to sport with serious questions by 
q-8 of cleverness, causas ingenii calumnia 
ludificari, Cic. Rep. Fr. in Non. 26, 15. 

4, cavillatio, f.: v. sup. cavil- 
lationes ineptae, Quint. 7, 9, 4: c. ver- 
borum, id. Ic, 7, 14. 5, strdpha, 
ae, f. (a turn): strophae verbosae, 
Phaedr. 1, 14, 4. IV. An artful dis- 
tinction, a trick to defeat an opponent, 
esp. in law. 1, calumnia, f. (abstr. 
sing. = Eng. pl. : v. CHICANERY): to try 
to get another's property not by q.s of 





QUIT 


QUIT 





law (but by open violence), non calumnia 
litium alienos fundos petere, Cic. Mil. 
27,74. to maintain the justice of a case 
against q.s (of law), (in pecuniariis 
quaestionibus) veritati contra calum- 
niam adesse, Quint. 12, 1, 26. = 
captiuneiila, f.: to apprehend all sorts 
of q-s, omnes captiunculas pertimescere, 
Cic. Att. 15, 7. 3. cavillatio, onis, f- : 
on this phrase those q.8 of law are vaised, 
hine moventur quidem illae juris cavil- 
lationes, Quint. 7, 4, 37: I sell qs, etc., 
vendo cavillationes, adsentatiunculas, ac 
perjuratiunculas parasiticas, Pl. Stich. 1, 
5, 9s: 4. strdpha, ae, f. (atpody): 
Join: stropbae ac fuci: cf. ad illum 
diem quo remotis strophis ac fucis de 
me judicaturus sum (all q.s and shams 
being swept away), Sen. Epist. 26, 5. 
5. Expr. by the adjs. and advs. 
cognate to the subs.: as, calumnidsus: 
adv., by q.s., calumniosé, Pap. Dig. 46, 5, 
7: captiOsus (-€): verstitus(-é). Join: 
nihil ab isto vafrum, nihil vétératorium 
(no q. nor quibble) exspectaveritis, Cic. 
Verr. 1, 54, 151: adv, vétératorie dicere, 
Cic. Or. 28, 99. 6, A man full of q.s 
and quiddities: “a man of that q.” 
(Shaksp.: personified in “ Messrs. Quirk, 
Gammon, and Snap”). (i.) calum- 
niator, m.: cf. calumniatores appel- 
lati sunt, quia per fraudem et frus- 
trationem alios vexarent litibus, Gai. 
Dig. 50. 16, 223: Vv PETTIFOGGER. (ii.) 
vétérator, m. (a sly old fox), Cic. Fin. 
2, 16, 53. (iii.) Expr. by adjs. sig- 
nifying CRAFTY: CUNNING: as acu- 
tus: astutus: callidus: subdolus : 
vafer: versutus. Join: hoe est 
hominis versuti, obscuri, astuti, fallacis, 
malitiosi, callidi, veteratoris, vafri, Cic, 
de Off. 3, 13,57. Join: malum cru- 
dumque et callidum atque subdolum, 
Pl. Poen. 5, 2, 148: cf. hi saepe versutos 
homines et callidos admirantes, malitiam 
sapientiam judicant, Cic. Off. 2, 3, 10. 
quit (v.): (Fr. quitter). "|, Orig. 
to let go free, from an obligation, javour, 
oath, debt, impost, accusation, etc.: v. 
TO ACQUIT: TO DISCHARGE: TO EXEMPT: 
TO FREE: TO RELEASE: TO RELIEVE: and 
see foll. art. |]. Hence, in reflect. 
sense: to quit a debt, duty, favour, ete. 
(@. e. to q. oneself of it): v. TO Dis- 
CHARGE: TO REPAY: TO REQUITE: TO 
RETURN: hence to q. oneself (= to be- 
have, by discharging one’s duty): only 
in the phr. (be strong, and) q. yourselves 
like men, confortamini et estote viri! 
Vulg. 1 Reg. iv. g: q. you like men, be 
strong ! viriliter agite ! confortamini, id. 
1 Cor. xvi. 13. ll]. Transf., with obj. 
of the thing let go: v. TO ABANDON: TO 
GIVE UP: TO LAY DOWN: TO LOSE: TO 
PUT AWAY: TO PUT OFF; TO RELINQUISH: 
TO RESIGN; TO YIELD, IV. With obj. 
of the thing quitted by leaving it bebind 
(now the commonest sense): v. TO 
LEAVE: TO DESERT: TO DEPART: TO GO 
AWAY: TO RETIRE: TO RETREAT (from): 
Gen. terms: !inquo, 3 (usu. poet.): ré- 
linguo: dérélinquo: déséro: discédo 
(ab) Abeo (ab): dimitto, absol. and 
abs se: destituo, absol. and abs se: for 
exx. and other terms sce the reff. 
quit (adj.): prop. the partic. of the 
above verb: |, Let go free: free from: 
1, libératus: of a fever, febri, Plin. 
To make a person q., libéro, 1: of taxes 
and imposts; cf. vectigales multos ac 
stipendiarios liberavit, Cic. Prov. Cons. 5 : 
V. TO RELEASE: TO EXEMPT: to q. oneself 
of an engagement, lib. fidem (to keep 
one’s word), Cie. Fl. 20, 47: of debts, 
nomina lib. (to settle), Liv. 7, 21: also 
reflect. with abl.: to q. a debt, lib. se 
aere alieno (to pay it), Cic. Att. 6, 2: 
(for an investment) to q. its outlay, 


impensam liberare, Col. 3, 3: v. To 
CLEAR: TO REPAY. To get q., expr. by 
pass. of this and foll. 2, sdliitus - 


with abl.: qg. of any rent (or interest), 
sol. omni fenore, Hor. Epod. 2, 4: with 
gen.: cum famulis operum solutis (q. 
of their toils or tasks), id. Od. 3, 17, 
16: verbal sense, solvo, 3: with obj. of 
thing or person: v. TO PAY: TO DIs- 
CHARGE: TO RELEASE: TO REDEEM (as 


fidem solvisti, Ter. Andr. 4, 1, 19): 
Teflect. to g. oneself of a promise, se fide 
solv., Val. Max. 7, 3, §, exti.: to make 
any one q. of his debt, debito aliquem 
solvere, Sen.: absol. nor will J let the 
R. go q., (fig.), nec Rutulos solvo, Virg. 
Aen. Io, 111: to be q. of vows (ly per- 
forming them), vota solv., Cic. Phil. 3, 
4, fin.: formulae, V.S. L. M. (votum 
solvit libens merito), Insecr. Orell. no. 
186: V.S.A.L. (votum solvit animo 
libente), ib. 2022. Join~ sol. ac liber 
Tl let him go q. of, ec, omne illud 
tempus habeat per me solutum ac Ji- 
berum, Cic.: (of an evil) v. TO DELIVER: 
FREE: (of a charge): sulvo and comp. 
absolvo: absoliitus : v. To acqurr. 3. 
dimissus and (verbal sense) dimitto, 3: 
V. TO DISCHARGE: TO RELEASE: cf. dim. 
debitorem (to forgive him his debt, Ulp. 
Dig. 50, 9, 4: but d. creditorem, to pay 
him, Papin. ib. 51, 72): (of a captured 
enemy): he let A. go q., Attium inco- 
Iumem dimisit, Caes. B. C. 1,18: (with 
obj. of thing), dim. tributa alicui, Tac. 
H. 3,55. Also rémitto: to g. (or make 
| one q. of ) a penalty, poenam alicui rem., 
| Liv. 40, 10, fin.: to q. a fine, muliam, 
Cic. Phil 11, 8: v. TO REMIT: J’'U con- 
sider you q. of all that (colloq., we'll ery 
quits), Join: omnia tibi istaconcedam 
et remittam, Cic. Verr. 5, 9: to q. the 
balance of an account or debt, id quod 
excedit rem., Paul. Dig.: to q. a person 
of a contribution, impendium (or impen- 
sam) rem., Inscr. 4, exemptus: and 
(v.) eximo, 3: with abl. and dat. : v. To 
EXEMPT: TO DISCHARGE: (esp. of accu- 
sation and punishment): cf. supplicio 
Magis quam crimini exemptus est, Curt. 
7, 1: aliquem sceleri, Val. FI. 2, 256: 
poenae, Paul. Dig. 48, 10, 22, § 4: who 
had got q. of their bondage, qui servi- 
tute exempti fuerant, Liv. 34, 52, fin.. 
absol., nisi quod se quisque eximi vo 
luerit (wished to go q.), Quint. 4, 2, 74. 

5, impunitus: to let an enemy or 
criminal go q., imp. dimittere: cf. ma- 
jores nostri, ne quis divitiarum magis 
quam injuriae causa bellum inceptum 
diceret, impunitos eos (Rhodios) di- 
misere, Sall. C. 51: with obj. of thing: 
to q.a wrong, Join: imjuriam inultam 
impunitamque dim., Cic. Verr. 5, 58, 
149. Also impunis, e (rare): the woman 
got off q., mulier impunis rediit, Sol. 27, 
med.: that I shall go q., impunem me 
fore, Apul. M. 3. p. 132: expr. by adv. 
impuné: to go (or get off) q., imp. ferre, 
habere: cf. quum multos libros sur- 
Tipuisset, nec se impune laturum pu- 
tavit, aufngit, Cic. Fam. 13, 77: d’ye 
| flatter yourself y’ll go q. for this! 
siquidem istuc impune habueris! Ter. 
Eun. 5, 7, 19: with abire: credin’ te 
impune abiturum? id. Comp., with li- 
cere: todoill and go q. male facere (mi) 
impunius licere, id. Heaut. 3, 2, 49. 
Note :—the Vulg. has inndcens (not 
held answerable for damage): then shall 
he that smote him be q., innocens erit 
qui percusserit, Ex. xxi. 19: (of an ox 
goring a man) the owner of the ox shall 
be q., dominus bovis inn. erit, ib. 28: 
also mundus (discharged from the obli- 
gation of an oath: v. CLEAR: FREE): 
we will be q. of thine oath, erimus 
mundi ab hoc juramento, Jos. ii. 20. 

6. imminis, e (g- of public duties 
and burthens): avsol. of persons: to 
hold q. of tribute, immunes habere (opp. 
to vectigales habere), Cic, Off. 3, 11, 49: 
(of lands) q. of tazes, cl. qui agros im- 
munes liberosque arant, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
69, 166: with gen., q. of customs, im. 
portoriorum, Liv. 38, 14: of an evil, 
im. mali, Ov. M. 8, 691: held q. of his 
Jather’s crimes, im. delictorum pater- 
norum, Vell. 2, 7: with ab: to make 
people q. of every burthen, ab omni onere 
immunes praestare, Suet, Claud. 25. 
Expr. by subs.: to make q., immuni- 
tatem (a tributis) offerre, Suet. Aug. 
4°. 7, functus: and(v.) fungor, 3 dep.: 
and comps.: V. TO DISCHARGE: TO PER- 
FORM: (i.) simple: with abl., to q. one- 
self of a vow, voto fungi, Just. 9, 2: 
| Tarely with acc. : (of a ail Join: 

31 








QUIT-RENT 
a ee ee 
(quid) fungi ac sustinere velle, Cic. Verr. | 
3, 86. 199. (ii.) défunctus: with abl. : 
fatalibus malis, Suet. Ner. 4o: poena, 
Liv. 2 35: laboribus, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 15: 
of all danger, omni discrimine, Curt. : 
q. Of (military) service, Fig. my lyre q. 
of the service (of love), defunctum bello 
barbiton, Hor. Od. 3, 26, 3: absol., now 
fam q. (i. e. safe), def. jam sum, Ter, 
Kun. prol. 15: if we could only get q. 
of the affair thus! utinam boc sit modo 
defunctum! id. (iii.) perfunctus: absol., 
the jury, thinking themselves q. (their 
duty done), judices, quod se perfunctos 
jam esse arbitrantur, Cic. Clu. 41: [am 
now q. (of men’s envy), jam p. sum, 
explevi animos invidorum, Auct. or. pro 
Dom. 17. . expr. by carére (to be 
rid of ): with abl. and (in earlier poets) 
gen. and acc.: to be q. of blame, culpa c., 
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 41: calumnia, Quint. 9, 

» 57: malis, Lucr. 2, 4: lo get q. ofa 
ever, febri c., Cic. Fam. 16, 15: cf. 
(poet. constr. inverted) caruitne febris 
te heri, Pl. Cure. 1, 1,17. Join: carere 
et fungi: that, being q. of pain, etc., ut 
dolore careas, et muneribus fungare cor- 
poris, Cic. Am. 6,22: v.RID. 9, other 
verbs for to make q.: lévo, 1: rélévo, 1: 
aliquem re: v. TO RELIEVE: condono, 1: 
aliquid alicui. e.g. pecunias debitoribus 
C.: V. TO FORGIVE. 10, expr. by phrr.: 
e. g. many instances might be given ; 
you shall be q. with one, multa exempla 
sunt; suffecerit unum, Plin. jun.: they 
did not even get q. with the loss of their 
booty, non praedam solwm amittunt, sed, 
ete. Liv. |], Hence, of persons who 
have balanced accounts and stand clear’, 
usu. Fig.: we are now quits ! jam sumus 
pares, Mart. (hence, to cry qs! = to 
leave off, as on even terms, eho! jam 
satis! Hor.): to q. accounts, parem ra- 
tionem facere, Sen. Kp. 19, jin.: with 
any one, pares rationes cum aliquo 
habere, Tac. : hence Fig., to be q. with 
a person, to q. all scores, par pari referre, 
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55: par pari respondere, 
Pl. Truc. 5, 47: Cic. Att. 6, 1: to be q. 
towards a benefactor, gratiam rettulisse, 
Cic.: cum eo paria facere: cf. quum 
aliter beneficium detur, aliter reddavur, 
paria facere difficile est, Sen. Ben. 3, 9: 
this phr. in lit. sense: cum rationibus 
domini paria facere, Col. 1, 8, 13. 
quit-rent: v. RENT. 
quitch-grass; *triticum vrépens, 
Linn. 
quite (adv.): (N.B. One of those | 
very general words, which can only be | 
properly rendered by a familiar know- 
ledge of Latin authors, and for which a 
Dictionary can only give hints.) A. 
The corresponding Latin adverbs may 
be classified into: (I.) Ados, of an inten- 
sive signification (like the Eng. word 
itself) : 1, admodum (fully: com- 
pletely): your letter q. rejoices me, me 
literae tuae adm. delectarunt, Cic. Fam. 
5, 19,2. Join: adm. et plane: forma 
ingenii adm. impolita et plane rudis, id. 
Brut. 85, 244: esp. with words denoting 
age: q. a boy, puer adm., Liv. 31, 28: 
q- @ youth, juvenis adm., Vac. H. 4, 5: 
cf. L. Crassus, quum esset adm. ado- 
lescens, Cic. Off. 2, 13. 47: in dialogue: 
quite so! admodum! Pl. Bac. 4, 6, 40: 
(= ita est, prorsus ita est) cf. scis solere 
in hujusmodi sermone, ut transiri alio 
possit, dici, adm., aut prorsus ita est, 
Cic. Leg. 3, 11, 26. 2, prorsus: I’m 
t done for, pr. perii, HL. Aul. 2, 8, 27: 
q. think so, ita prorsus existimo, Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 5: with adj., q. by all, p. om- 
nibus, id. Fam. 4, to: with valde: ’m 
q. pleased at this, hoc mihi p. v. placet, 
id. Fam. 6, 20: (said by an author at the 
sea-side) I’m q. disgusted at the thought 
of writing, a scribendo prorsns abhorret 
animus, Cic. Att.2,1. 3, plané: we say 
such a man is q. without common feel- 
ing, communi sensu pl. caret, inquimus, 
Hor. S. 1, 3,66: almost, or rather q., pro- 
pemodum, vel pl. potius, Cic. Brut. 97: 
(in dialogue), quite so! pl. istuc est, Pl. 
Truc. 2, 7, 57: and sup. planissime, id. 
Ph. 5, 2, 3: with other advs.: (you’ve 
done) q. right, pl. bene, Cic. Att. 13, 6: 
32 





QUITE 


it q. put me out, illud pl. moleste tuli, 
id. Fam. 3, 10. 4. facilé (ccriainly : 
unquestionably) : with superl. adjs., q. 
the most learned, f. doctissimus, Cic. Rab. 
Post. 9, 23: q. the worst, f. deterrimus, 
id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81: q. the first in, etc., 
genere et nobilitate et pecnnia f. primus, 
id. R. A. 6, 15: virtute, existimatione, 
nobilitate, f. princeps, id. Clu. 5, 11: 
f. praecipuus, Quint. 10, 1, 68: with nu- 
merals: an inheritance q. amounting to, 
haereditas f. ad HS. tricies, id. Verr. 2, 
14, 35: with verbs: g. to surpass, f. 
vincere, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, fim.: omnes, id. 
de Or. 2, 13, 56: f. superare, id. Leg. 1, 
2,7: to be q. content (or satisfied) with, 
f. perferre ac pati, Ter. Andr. 1, I, 35. 
Neg.: I.don’t q. venture to say, haud f. 
dixerim, Cie. Rep. 1, 3, fin.: I can’t q. 
affirm as certain (or settled), haud f. 
compertum narraverim, Sall. J. 17: v. 
HARDLY: expr. nol q. by the opposites 
to facile, aegre, graviter (and comp. and 
Sup.): esp. with ferre and pati: v. TO 
BEAR: TO PUT UP WITH; TO SUFFER: 
SCARCELY: to be gq. ill, gravissime 
aegrotare, Cic. Fin. z, 13, 43. 5. advs. 
of more special application: e. g. fun- 
ditus (from the very bottom) : esp. with 
verbs of destroying: v. UTTERLY: cf. 
praecepta, quae probas, funditus ever- 
tunt amicitiam (q. subvert), Cic. Fin. 2, 
25, 80: cf. f. tollere veritatem et fidem, 
id. de Or. 62, 209: more gen. q. to ruin a 
person, cf. perdidisti me sodalem f., PI. 
Bac. 3, 6, 31: q. to spoil a thing, f. 
aliquid pessum dare, id. Trin. 1, 2, 128. 
(1L.) Adverbs of quality. 6, béné: to 
do q. right, b. facere, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 30: 
esp. in the collog. phrr., b. facis, b. 
fecisti, b. factum, q. right | (very well : 
well done: I’m q. satisfied), Plaut. and 
‘Ter. pass.: and intrans. it’s g. right! 
(all’s well :) bene habet! bene agitur, 
ib.: swp., optume habet, Pl. Pseud. 4, 1, 
25: to be q. well (in health), b. valere: 
Ni. Js he q. well now? Chr. As strong 
as a boxer, Ni. Benene usque valuit? 
Chr. Pancratice atque athletice, id. 
Bac. 2, 3, 14: Sup. optime valere, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 13, 43 (opp. to gravissime aegrot- 
are): with adjs.: with q. a large retinue, 
cf. obviam cum b. magna caterva sua 
venit, Cic. Mur. 33, 69: q. strong and in 
good training, b. robustus atque exerci- 
tatus, Cic. Div. in Caec. 15, 48: with 
advs. : q.early (in the morning), b. mane 
(baec scripsi), Cic. Att. 4, 9: q. heartily 
(or cordially, or intimately), b. penitus 
in istius familiaritatem se dedit, id. Verr. 
2, 2, 70, init.: for q.a long time, b. diu, 
Suet. vit. Juv.: sup., to keep q. to one- 
self, optime continere, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 
23: q. in the nick of time, optime, with 
adest, id. ib. 5, 2, 66: with video, id. 
And. 2, 1, 35: with eccum, id. Hec. 2, 2, 
4: neg., not q.,non b.: vix b.: ef. vix b. 
desieram, Ov. F. 5, 278: v. HARDLY: 
SCARCELY: BAKELY. 7. ‘recté.:)\iv2 
RIGHT: RIGHTLY: esp. in the Phr., 
well (also in Eng. right well: vulg. all 
right): Is he alive? Is he q. well? 
vivit? nempe recte valet? Pl. Bacc. 2, 2, 
11 (Ans.: vivit et valet, ib. 14): with 
adjs.: q. healthy (of animals), r. sanus, 
Varr. R. R. 2, 2,6: 1’m q. well, equidem 
valeo et salvus sum, Pl. Am. 2, 1, 34: 
in dialogue: q. right ! recte! Ter. Eun. 
4, 7, 3. Other advs. with like force: 
probe! ib.: pulchre! ib. 14: (ironically) 
nimium! ib. 5, 7, 17: verum! ib.: 
credo! ib. (The adj. is also used in 
the Phr, recta via, or simply recta.) 
8. valdé (contr. fr. valide, strongly : 
V. EXCEEDINGLY:; VERY: VERY MUCH): 
with verbs: I'm q. looking for a letter 


From you, literas tuas v. exspecto, Cic. 


Fam. 16, 19: g. to laugh at (or ridicule) 
a person, Vv. arridere alicui, id. Att. 13, 
21: to be q. wrong (mistaken), v. errare, 
Cic. de Or, 2, 19, 83: with adjs.: cf. 
magistratus v. lenes et remissi (q. in- 
active and incompetent), Cic. Rep. 1, 
43: with advs.: to do a thing q. well, 
rem v. bene gerere, id. Fam. 1, 8: they 
took it q. tll, illud v. graviter tulerunt, 
id. Att. 1, 17. Join: valde vehe- 
menter et libere dicere, ib. 14, 1: (cf. 








QUITE 





vehementer displicere, ib. 13, 21: vebe- 
menter errare, id. Ac. 2, 32, 103: v. EX- 
TREMELY). 9, sané: I’m q. afraid of 
him, s. ego illum metuo, Pl. M. 5, 2, 
108: with valdé: cf. explicat orationem 
sane longam et verbis valde bonis, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 5, fin.: in dialogue: I’m q. will- 
ing (or I q. wish it), by all means, s. 
volo, Pl. Poen. 5, 2, 119: g. willingly, 
s. et libenter quidem, Cic. Rep. 2, 38. 
with other advus.: (built) q. well, sane 
bene, Pl. Most. 3, 2, 74: and in dial. 
q. so! (=very well) bene s., recte s., 
scite hercle s., s. pol: v. VERY: sane 
quam: cf. quod de Pompeio Caninius 
agit, sane quam refrixit, (the proceeding 
has q. fallen through), Cic. Q. F. 2, 6, 5: 
neg. with haud: J don’t q. understand 
what pursuit such a man would deem 
praiseworthy (cujus studium qui vitu- 
perat) haud sane intelligo, quodnam sit, 
quod laudandum putet, id. Off. 2, 2, 5: 
V. INDEED: TRULY. 10, probe: (like 
finely, and Fr. bien): it seems gen. to 


‘be ironical: g. drunk, appotus pr., Pi. 


Am. I, 1, 126: cf. pr. decipere, ib. 268: 
pr. errare, ib. 3, 3, 20: with similis. 
you're q. yourself, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 18. 

1], satis and sat: with verbs: I’m 
q. aware of that, ego istue satis scio, 
Pl. Am. 3, 2, 23: sat scio, id. Aul. 3, 
6, 25: Ter. Eun. 3, 2: to have q. enough 
to do (to have one’s hands full, esp. Fig. 
= to be in trouble), satis agere, P|. Merc. 
2, 1,4: satagere, Auct. B, Afr. 78: with 
adjs.: q. rich, satis dives, Pl. Aul. 2, 1, 
44: q. happy with only my Sabine 


farm, satis beatus unicis Sabinis, Hor. 


Od. 2, 18,14: not q. fit for battle, non 
sat idoneus pugnae, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 26: 
with advs.: q. boldly, s. audacter, Pl. 
Am. 2, 2, 208: q. well, s. bene, id. Poen. 
I, 2,73: neg., not q. honourably, non s. 
honeste, Cic. Am. 16, 57: q. enough and 
more, satis superque : V. ENOUGH. (III.) 
Adverbs of quantity. 12. omnino: 
V. ALTOGETHER: UTTERLY: with verbs: 
I’m not q. ruined, there’s room still left 
to sink deeper, non omnino jam perii: 
est reliquum quo peream magis, PL. 
Asin. 1, 3, 80: with numerals (= in all, 
in the total): we had a very full house, 
q. 200, sane frequentes fuimus, omn. 
ad ducentos, Cic. Q. F. 2,1: with omnis: 
q. the whole of the argument, omn. 
omnis argumentatio, id. Inv. 1, 46, 86. 

13, magnopére : (by all means): I q. 
think, ete., ego tibi Romam properandum 
m. censeo, id. Fam. 15, 14. 14, 
multo: v. MUCH: VERY: esp. with 
aliter: but he finds the case (or result) 
q. otherwise, verum aliter evenire multo 
intelligit, Ter. And., prol. 4: with ac: 
q. otherwise than he expected (q. con- 
trary to his hopes), m. aliter ac sperabat, 
Nep. Hamile. 2: also multum: L. F, 
was q. another sort of man, multum ab 
iis aberat L. Fufius, Cic. Brut, 62, 222. 

15, Comps. and sups. of advs. of 
this sense. (1.) magis: scarcely found 
except as a compar, (perh.. g. likely, 
m. verisimile, i. ¢. more likely than 
not: cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 13). (2) Neg. 
minus (freq.): with adjs.: not q good, 
minus benum (vinum), Varr. R. R. 1, 7: 
with verbs: he is not q. well, m. valet, 
Pl. Bace. 2, 2, 15: Cic. Att. 4, 14: with 
advs.: not q. carefully enough, m. dili- 
genter, Nep. Con. 5: they don’t live q. 
so long, m. diu vivunt, Plin. 14, 22, 28: 
esp. in the phr. q. as much as, non 
(haud) m. quam (atqne): cf. laudibus 
haud m. quam praemio gaudent mi- 
litum animi, Liv. 2, 60: q. as dear as, 
cf. patria hominibus non minus cara 
esse deb-t, quam liberi, Cic. Fam. 4, 5: 
cf. id. Cat. 3, 1. (3) plirimum: Zo be 
q- different, p'. differre, Cic. Fat. 4: q. to 
surpass others, pl. aliis praestare, id. 
Inv. 2, 1, 1: q. to the extent of their 
power, quantum pl. possunt, Quint. 11, 3, 
120. (4) maximé: esp. with an adv,: 
q- recently, nuper maxime, Caes. B. C. 3, 
9: with quam: cf. ut dicatis quam m, 
ad veritatem accommodate (qg. in ac- 
cordance with), Cic. de Or. I, 33, 149: 
in dialogue: as an emphatic sense: v. 
CERTAINLY: with immo, as emphatic 











_ maxime, 


_(to differ q.), 1. dissentire, Cic. Am. 9, 32: 


QUITE 





dissent : alg contrary | immo vero 
LC. 52: in same neg. sense, 

minimé: min. equidem, ‘l'er. Hec. §, 3, 
16: min. vos quidem, Cic, Att. 8, 9: 
min. vero, id. usc, 1, 6: strengthened 
by gentium, Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 44: also with 
adv., q. seldom, min. saepe, Caes. B. G. 1, 
1. (5) summeé: Vv. HIGHLY, EXTREMELY. 
(1V.) Adverbs of position, time, and com- 
parison : 16, propé (nearly, passing 
into the sense of g. near at hand, q. 
close: esp. in comp. and sup.): ils q. 
time that something were done, prope 
est, ut aliquid fiat, Papin. Dig. 35, 1, 67: 
comp., to stand q. near, propius stare, 
Hor. A. P. 361: cf. pr. spectare, id. Ep. 
1, 1, 67: with ace., q. close to the city, 
pr. urbem, Cic. Phil. 7, 9: sup.: with 
acc.: q. after the Roman custom, proxime 
morem Romanum, Liv. 24, 48: q. like 
(closely resembling), prox. speciem muros 
oppugnantium navium, id. 30,10. 17, 
nitus: q. severed (in the lit. sense, of 
idden away in a remote corner), et 
nitus toto divisos orbe Britannos, 
irg. E. 1, 67: usu. fig.: to know q. 
well, p. pernoscere, Cic. de Or. 1, 5: to 
understand q. well, p. intelligere, id. Att. 
8,12: qg. to ruin themselves, p. perdere 
se ipsos, id. Fin. 1, 15: q. to lose, etc., 
p. amittere hance consuetudinem et dis- 
ciplinam, id. Off. 2, 8. Join: pen. et 
plane: cf. ex rebus p. perspectis et plane 
cognitis, id. de Or. 1, 2, }: V. THOROUGHLY: 
UTTERLY. 18, longé (v. Far): freq. 
with superls.: q. the first man (in dis- 
tinction), 1. princeps, Cic. Fam. 13, 13: 
q. the noblest and richest, \. nobilissimus 
ct ditissimus (apud Helvetios), Caes. B. 
G. 1, 2: to be q. superior, |. praestare, 
Cic. Brut. 64: esp. in an adversative 
sense: he’s q. wrong, 1. errat, Ter. Ad. 
1, 1, 40: to hold q. a different opinion 


the contest is of q. a different sort, longe 
dissimilis contentio, id. Sull. 17: sup., 
my principles (or plan of life) were 
(was) of q. a contrary kind, a quo mea 
longissime ratio abhorrebat, id. Verr. 2, 
2, 4: esp. with alicer and secus, q. other- 
wise: ef. qui (Stoici) multa falsa esse 
dicunt, longeque aliter se habere ac 
sensibus videantur (and are q. different 
from what they appear to the senses), 
id. Acad. 2, 31, 101: but it (the fact or 
truth) is q. otherwise, quod longe secus 
est, id. Am. 9, 29: to think q. otherwise, 
1. aliter sentire, id.: also with alius: 
I'm of q.a different mind, |. mihi alia 
mens est, id, Note: sometimes procul : 
Vv. FAR: WIDELY: fo be q. wrong, pr. 
errare, Sall. J. 85: esp. with abl. (= q. 
without, q. free from), pr. negotiis, Hor. 
Kpod. 2,1: g. beyond doubt, pr. dubio, 
Quint. 1, 5, 14: dubio pr., Flor. 2, 6: 
it’s q. untrue, pr. vero est, Col. 1, praef. 
fin. 19. immo: always adversative, 
expressing or implying gq. the contrary . 
(v. NAY): q. another matter (from what 
you suppose), immo aliud, Ter. Andr. 1, 
1, 2: ef. Si. Quid hoc intellextin’? an 
nondum etiam ne hoc quidem? Da. 
Immo callide! (oh yes! I q. under- 
stand !). id. ib, 1, 2, 30: Nullane habes 
Vitia? Immo alia, et fortasse minora 
(oh yes! Ihave; but q. of a different 
sort, etc.), Hor. S. 1, 3, 20: in very em- 
phatic sense, with another adv. (= q. so, 
and still more): e.g. immo maxume, Pl. 
Ps. 1, 5, 80 cf. Immo edepol me quam 
te minus (sc.amo: Nay! J love you q. 
as much as myself), Pl. Cas. 2. 8, 19: 
so, immo unice, id. Bac. 2, 3, 28: esp. 
immo vero, Cic, Att. 12, 43: id. Rep. 
6, 14° for additional emphasis, Join: 
immo hercle vero perplacent, Pl. Most. 
Oey te 20. adrs. of time: as in, 
Pve q. done, use jam: modo: v. Just: 
now. Neg.: not q., nondum: v. NoT 
YET: q. as soon as, simul ac, simul cum : 
¥. SOON: TOGETHER. 21. advs. of 
resemblance and comparison: pariter, 
similiter: (used also in dial. for q. so! 
Cic.): esp. aeque (Vv. EQUALLY. JUST: 
4&S MUCH as): with et: cf. nisi aeque 
amicos et nosmetipsos diligamus (q. as 
much as ourselves), Cic. Fin. 1, 26, 67: 
with ac and atque; q. as much as your- 





QUITE 


self, aeque ac tu ipse, id. Am. 6, 22: 
q. as much as if, aeq. ac si, id. Fam. 13, 
43,3. Join: proxime [atque ille] aut 
etiam aeque (almost or q. as much) 
laborare, ib. 9, 13: also usque (for place, 
time, and relation), with ad (q. to), ex 
(q. from), adeo (q. to that extent). Some 
preps. have the like force: e.g. tenus, 
with abl.: wine-jars drunt q. up, poti 
faece tenus cadi, Hor. Od. 3, 15, 16: 
cum: cf. diffugiunt cadis cum faece 
siccatis amici, ib. 1, 35, 27. Note: in 
some contexts, quamlibet, quamvis, 
quamtumvis, are suitable. B. Lxpr. 
by adjectives : in gen. adjs. of quantity, 
quality, position, and relation, may be 
used in constructions determined by the 
context: esp.. 1, omnis (like all, ad- 
verbially, in Engl.): nom.: I’m q. full 
of (q. devoted to) this, omnis in hoc sum, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 11: J shall not q. die 
(something of me will survive), non 
omnis moriar, multaque pars mei Vi- 
tabit Libitinam, id. Od. 1, 30, 6: gq. all, 
ad unum omnes (to a man), Cic, Am. 
23, 86: acc.: to do q. (just) the same as, 
efficere omnia eadem quae, Pl. Asin. 3, 3, 
23: abl.: to plead q. earnestly, omnibus 
precibus contendere, Caes. B. G. 5, 6. 
Neut. pl. absol.: omnia: cf. tramites, 
omnia plani (g. level or smooth), et ex 
facili mobiles, Sen. Cons. ad Mare. 25: 
per omnia, Quint. 5, 2, 3: 4g. praise- 
worthy, per omnia laudabilis, Vell. 2, 
33: omni ab parte: no state (condition 
of life) is q. happy (or blest), nibil est 
ab omni parte beatum, Hor. Od. 2, 
16, 27: with numeri ( parts, members : 
V. COMPLETELY: PERFECTLY): (o be q. 
complete (or perfect), omnes numeros 
habere, or continere, Cic. Fin. 3,7: and 
in abl., cf. a book q. perfect in all points 
(or, q. finished), liber numeris omnibus 
absolutus, Plin. Ep. 9, 38. Join: omn. 
num. atque partibus: cf. mundus per- 
fectus expletusque omnibus suis nu- 
meris atque partibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 13: 
with ratio: omni ratione. 9. totus: 
Vv. WHOLE: WHOLLY: ALTOGETHER: 
TOTALLY : nom. with adjs.: I’m q. de- 
voted to you and yours, sum totus 
vester, Cic. Fam. 15, 7: that’s q. false, 
falsum est id totum, id. Rep. 2, 15. 
Phr.: q. a perfect man, in se ipso 
totus, teres atque rotundus, Hor. S. 2, 
7, 86: with verbs: I’m q. in a fright, 
totus tremo horreoque, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: 
I’m q. out of sorts with myself, eheu! 
quam ego nunc totus displiceo mihi, 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 20: he’s q. altered, 
totus commutatus est: with subs. and 
prons. gov. by in: q. absorbed in (one’s 
thoughts), totus in illis, Hor. S. 1,9, 2: 
I'm q. alarmed, t. sum in metu, PIL. Cist. 
2, 1, 59: he’s q. in love, in amore t. est, 
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 59: abl.: q: through the 
night, tota nocte, Caes. B. G. 1, 26: to be 
of q. a different opinion, Join: uni- 
versa re et tota sententia dissidere, Cic. 
Fin. 4, 1, 2: to be q. wrong, mistaken, 
(vulg., to be gq. out), toto coelo errare, 
Macr. Sat. 3, 12 (a late phr.): ct. tota 
erras via, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 14: you 
are g. wrong not only as to the fact 
but the time, in eo non tu quidem tota 
re sed temporibus errasti, Cic. Phil. 2, 

, fin.: with preps.: ex toto: Ov. 
ont. 4, 8, 72: Plin. 1, 17, 17: Col. 
5, 8, 6: in totum: a thing q. dif- 
Jerent, res in totum diversa, Plin. 31, 7, 
42: id. 2, go, 2. 8, sdlus, inus, and 
such adjs., with or without emphatic 
adjuncts: q. alone, solus per se, Cic.: 
T did it q. by myself, egomet solus feci, 
Pl. Am. 1, 1, 269: with gen.: Tam left 
pone ego meorum solus sum meus, 
Ter. Ph. 4, 1, 21: with inter: solus inter 
omnes, Mart. 4, 2; ex omnibus, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 18. Join: unus solus, Cic. Pis. 
40,96. 4, expr. by the super. of adjs. 
in general, and particularly of those of 
time and place: as imus (q. at the end, 
é. g. of a table): summus (q. the first, in 
rank): and the subs. summa in various 
constructions, esp. ad summam, in 
summam: ultimus, esp. ad ultimum 
(to the last degree). 5, Alius, with 


emphatic reduplication. = q. different : 


QUIVERED 





4 — 
cf. aliud est maledicere, aliud accusara, 
(reviling and accusation aie q. different 
things), Cic. Coel. 3: cf. aliud est servum 
esse, aliud servire, Quint. 5, 10,60. 6, 
many adjs. and advs., being emphatic 
either in their own meaning, or by 
virtue of the context, include the sense 
of quite. C. Prepositions in composi- 
tion give the force of quite; esp. per, 
con, ex, in, re, sub, trans: (these will be 
suggested by the particular adj. or v.)é 
e.g. comedo (to eat q. up), Vulg. Gem 
XXXi. 15: conficio, perticio (q. to finish) : 
confringo (to break q. in pieces): com- 
pleo, expleo, impleo, repleo (q. to fill): 
permuto (q. to change): perterritus (q. 
Srightened), cum multis aliis : (you see 
how) the rivers are q. frozen over, flu- 
mina constiterint, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 4: q. 
easily, perfacile, Cic. R. A., 7, 20: am ex. 
of emphatic fulness, ut tota mente et 
omnibus artubus cuntremiscam, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 26, 121: transilire, with trans or 
acc. alone (to leap q. over). PD. Expr. 
by negatives (by way of emphatic con- 
trast): he ts not q. unlettered, nec tamen 
scit nihil: / am q. miserable, prorsus 
nihil abest quin miserrimus sim. 

quittance: «@ discharge from a 

bt; and, usu., a@ written discharge, a 
receipt. ], libératio, 7. (apparently 
in double sense of payment and release) ; 
ef. liberationis verbum eandem vim 
habet quam solutionis, Paul. Dig. 50, 16, 
47 (v. infr.). Q. acceptilatio, f.: a 
q. by the legal form of question and 
answer, viz., Q. Uabesne acceptum ? 
A. Habeo, acceptumque fero, Dig. 46, 
FOG 3. apodcha, ae, f. (arom) : usu. 
term for a g. in writing, Ulp. Dig. 46, 
4, 19: also rélatdria, Cod. Theod. 13, 5, 
8: and pittacium (murraxcor, a slip of 
parchment, etc.), Cass.: (séctiritas, 2 
prop. security for a debt, seems used in 
this sense by Amm.17,10). Togiveaq,. 
liberationem debitori legare, Ulp. Dig. 
34, 3,3: liberare nomina, Liv. (v. QurT): 
accepto liberare or facere, Ulp.: ac- 
ceptum habere or facere, id.: alicui ac- 
ceptum referre, Cic.: acceptum testart: 
apocham dare, Ulp.: v. RECEIPT. 
(Note: Sbaksp. uses the verb, to quit- 
tance, Vv. QUIT.) 

quiver (.). ], trémo, Wi, 3: 
cf. (of a victim devoured by the Cy- 
clops), (vidi quum) tepidi tremerent 
sub dentibus artus, Virg. Aen. 3, 
627. Comp. contrémo (rare), Lucr. 5, 
1220: poet. in Cic. de Or. 3, 39: con- 
trémisco, mili, 3, incep. (very rare), 
Virg. Aen. 7, 515: Cic. Div. 1, 28: my 
lips q.d at the voice, a voce contremu- 
erunt labia mea, Vulg.’ Hab. fii. 16: in- 
trémo, vi, 3: a g. runs through his whole 
body, totum corpus intremit, Cels. 3, 3. 

9, trépido, 1: V. QUIVERING. 

(Note: Virg. uses “pennis coruscant”” 
for the glittering effect of the quivering 
motion of bees’ wings, G. 4, 73): V. TO 
QUAKE: TO SHAKE: TO TREMBLE. 

quiver (s.): pharetra, f. (paperpa): 
Nor yet the q., Fuscus, with its charge Of 
poisoned arroies, Nec venenatis gravida 
sagittis, Fusce, pharetra, (abl. gov. by 
eget), Hod. Od. 1, 22, 3: to open the q. 
pharetram solvere, Ov. M. 5, 379: 
girded with a q., succinctam pharetra, 
Virg. Aen. I, 323: wearing @ q., phiire- 
tratus: V. QUIVERED: the boy with the q. 
(Cupid), puer pb., Ov. M. 10, 525: the 
lady of the q. (Viana), pb. virgo, Uv. Am. 
I, I, 2: to take (gird on) one’s q., pha- 
retram siimére, Vulg. Is. xlix. 2: cf 
sume arma tua, ph. et arcum, id. Gen. 
xxvii. 3: to put off the q. Jrom the 
shoulder, ph. humero exuere, Ov. M. 2, 
419: the q. rattles, sonat pharetra, Valg. 
Job xxxix. 23. Sometimes used in the 
sense of the verb, by which express 
it: e.g. “there was a q.on Ars lip” 
(La. Lytton), *contremuit labrum (vy. 
preced. art.): cf. QUIVERING (subs.). 

—-bearing (a4j.): pharetriger 


(poet.): cf. clade pharetrigeri regis 
(Xerxes), Sil. 14, 286. 
——-belt: pharetra-zdnium, m: 


Nat. Tir. p. 126. 


quivered (adj.): I. Eripped 


QUIVERING 


RACE 


RACE 





with a quiver: pharetratus: the q.’d ] rIoNALLY): cf. quadam portione, Quint. 


Scythians, (visam) pharetratos Gelonos, 
Hor. Od. 3, 4, 35: cf. pharetrata Camilla, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 649. I]. Sheathed as 
in a quiver: (“From him whose pens 
stand q.’d in his ear,” Pope): *phare- 
tratus (used humorously), either agree- 
ing with pennae (but no precedent for 
this), or, perh. better, *in aure phare- 
trata (or *post aurem pharetratam). 
quivering (adj.): A. Expr. by 
particips. 1, trémens: gq. sails, 
trementia vela, Lucr. 4, 75: the q. holm- 
oaks, trementes ilices, Hor. Epod, to, 8: 
the q. pieces (of a newly-slaughtered 
beast): cf. frusta verubus trementia 
figunt. Virg. Aen. 1, 212: poet. the 
Shores q. beneath the lashing (of the 
winds). trementes verbere ripas, Hor. 
Od. 3, 27, 23° with a q. voice, haec 
tremente questus ore, Hor. Epod. 5, 11. 
Q. trépidans: the q. entrails, trepi- 
dantia exta, Ov. M. 15, 576: with q. 
wing, cf. sic aquilam penna fugiunt 
trepidante columbae, ib. 1, 506, et pas- 
sim. 3, tréméfactus: leaves q. in 
the S. wind, folia tremefacta Noto, 
Prop. 2, 9, 34- B. Expr. by adjs.: 
, trémébundus: cf. tr. membra, 
Ov. M. 4, 133: tr. cornus (i. e. spear), 
Sil. 10, 119: tremebunda voce, Auct. 
Her. 3, 14, 25. 5, trémiilus: a q. 
motion, tr. motus, Lucr.: cf. tr. arundo, 
Ov. M. 11, 190: tr. cupressus, Petr. 131: 
(cf. “ And variable as the shade By the 
light g. aspen made,” Scott). Comp. 
intrémutlus, Aus. Epit. 34. 6, tré- 
pidus (rare in this sense): cf. tr. venae, 
Ov. M. 6, 389: in Virg. G. 4, 73—of 
bees—Tum trepidae inter se coéunt 
pennisque coruscant,—trepidae means 
alarmed: but the whole line implies 
the q. motion of the wings, the effect of 
which on the eye is expressed by “ corus- 
cant.” 7. horridus, sometimes poet. : 
ef. (for g. with cold) inde senilis hiems 
tremulo venit horrida passu (q. with 
shaking step), Ov. M. 15,212. With a 
q. motion (adv.), trémule, Apul. M. 5, 
p. 168: trepidanter (rare): cf. trep. 
effatus (with a q. voice), Suet. Ner. 49: 
V. QUAKING : TREMBLING; TREMULOUS. 
quivering (subs.): 1. trémor m.: 
ef. tremor occupat artus, Ov. M. 3, 40. 
Q. trépidatio, f.: cf. tr. nervorum, 
Sen. de Ira, 3, Io. 8. horror, m.: v. 
SHIVER: SHUDDER: TREMBLING. 
qui-vive ? Fr. = who goes there ? 
(the challenge of a sentinel: quis adest? 
Ter.): adopted in Eng. fig. (of anxiety): 
to be always on the q.-v., palpitantibus 
praecordibus vivere, Sen.: (of hostile 
alarms), the Rothans were always on the 
q.-v., tempus nullum vacuum sollicit- 
udine erat Romanis, Liv. 
quodlibet : @ nice point, a subtlety 
= QUIDLIBET (“ with all his qnodlibets 
of art,” Prior): v. QUIBBLE. 
quoif ; v. corr. 
quoil: v. CorL. 
quoin: Vv. Com. 
quoit: discus, m. (SicKxos): (the 
nearest word, but not quite the same 
thing: for the discus was a round plaie 
{not ring] of metal, and the game con- 
sisted, not in placing it at a precise 
point, but in throwing it as far as pos- 
sible towards or beyond a certain line, 
like “ putting the stone”): famous for 
often sending his q. or his javelin 
beyond the goal, saepe disco, Saepe trans 
finem jaculo nobilis expedito, Hor. Od. 
1, 8, 11: cf. Ov. M. 10, 197: to play q.s, 
disco ludere or certare: (youths) who 
woula rather hear the ring of the q. 
than the voice of the professor (7.e. pre- 
fer play to work), Prov., qui discum 
audire quam philosophum ialunt, Cic. 
de Or, 2, 5, 21. 
-player: discdbélus, m. (SurKo- 
Bodos), Quint. 2, 13, 10: Plin. 34, 8, 19, 
No. 3: (a celebrated bronze statue by 
Myron: a marble copy is in the British 
Museun). 
quota: rata pars, Caes. B. C. 1, 17, 
fin.: portio, f., Curt. 7, t1: chiefly used 
in the Phrr., pro rata parte, pro rata 
portune, pro sua portioue (Vv. PROPOR- 
34 








6,1, 26: ad portionem, Pliu. 14, 21, 27: 
each furnishing his q., ad suam quis- 
que portionem, id. 36, 16, 25: more than 
one’s q., Supra portionem, Ccl. 7, 1, 2: 
one’s q. of a tavern bill, symbola, f/f. 
(cvpBody, contribution): he paid his q., 
symbolam dedit, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 61. 

quotation: |. Abstr., the act of 
quoting : 1, prolatio, f.: ef (Join 
with commémodratio) commemoratio 
antiquitatis, exemplorum prolatio, Cic. 
Or. 34, 120. 2. rélatio: dictorum, 
Quint. 2. 7, 4 (usu. the report or recital, 
q.v.). J, Concer. a passage quoted : lo- 
cus allatus, laudatus (not good : citatus: 
allégatus: productus): v. TO QUOTE. 

quote (v.): both of passages and ex- 
amples. 1, proféro, tili, latum, 3: 
books, libros, Cic. N. D. 1, 40: authors, 
id. de Or. 2,71: of examples: cf. paucos 
belli duces praestantissimos prof., id, de 
Or. 1, 2: to q. as witnesses, testes prof., 
id. Balb. 18: with nominatim (fo q. by 
their names) : cf. quasi mihi difficile sit 
quamvis multos nom. prof., id. R. A. 16, 
47: with memoriter (fo qg. from me- 
mory): cf. memoriter progeniem suam 
usque ab avo atque atavo, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 
48. 2, afféro, 3: to g. a passage, locum 
afferre: v. TO ALLEGE. 3. référo, 
TO REPORT. 4, cito, 1: (usu. TO CITE, 
€. g. aS witnesses: very rare of quota- 
tion): cf. (as his authority) libri quos 
Macer Licinius citat, identidem auctores, 
Liv. 4, 20. 5, mémoro, 1, and com- 
mémo6ro: Vv. TO MENTION: TO RELATE. 

6, pono and propono, 3: (of ex- 

amples): v. TO BRING FORWARD: J will 
q- only this one example, ponam illud 
unum exemplum, Cic. 7, laudo, 1: 
(prop. to q. with approbation, also as 
authority): auctores 1. Cic. de Or. 3, 
18, jin.: cf. quem rerum Romanarum 
auctorem 1. possum religiosissimum, id. 
Brut. 11, 44. 8, noto, 1: to q. with 
censure: V. TO NOTE. 9, transcribo, 
3: V. TO TRANSCRIBE. 

quoth: ait: inquit: v. TO say. 

quotidian: quotidianus: a q. fever, 
febris q., Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 22. 

quotient (in division): *quotus (sc. 
numerus) : *quota pars. 


R. 


ABBET: a joint made by lapping 
boards together: perh. coagmen- 
tum, coagmentatio, conclistra: v. 
JOINT. 
rabbi: @ Jewish doctor: rabbi, m. 
indecl.: Hier.: *magister Judaicus. 
rabbinical: *rabbinicus. 
rabbit: cinictilus: Varr.: Mart. 
Belonging to a r.,vabbits’: canicularis: 
Mare. Emp. Abounding in r.s: cini- 
ctilosus, Cat. 
rabble: |, A noisy crowd : turba: 
Hor.: v. MOB. I]. Zhe lower class, 
the dregs of the people: 1. plébéciila: 
the wretched and starving r., misera ac 
jejuna p., Cic. Att. 1, 16, 11: the 7. ap- 
plauds, p. plaudit, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 186. 
2. multitido, inis, f (usu. with 
some epith. or qualifying phr.): the 
ignorant r., imperita m., Cic. Off. 1, 19, 
65: compare, multitudo de plebe, Liv. 
5, 39. Epith.: multitudo egens et 
perdita. 3. popellus (rare): selling 
trumpery rubbish to the shabby r., vilia 
vendentem tunicato scuta p., Hor. Ep. 
1, 7,65: Pers. 4, colltivio, Onis; -ies, 
ei, Ff. (lit. refuse): to quit the present 
mob and rabble, ex hac turba ac e. dis- 
cedere, Cic. Sen. 23, 84. Phr.: among 
the r. and dregs of the city, apud sen- 
tinam urbis et faecem, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 
11: the r. of the Clodian sedition, 
quisquiliae seditionis Clodianae, Cic. 


Sext. 43, 94. 
rabid: rabidus, rabidsus (chiefly 
poet.): v. MAD (L., 2 and 3). 


rabidly: rabidé: Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 
race (subs.) : |. In abstract sense, 
lineage, descent by birth. 1, génus, 





éris, n.: born of a noble r., nobili g. 
natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 70, 180: born of @ 
bad r., malo g. natus, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 
286: born of an ancient r., antiquo g. 
natus, Nep. Dat. 2: the first man of his 
town by r. and noble origin, g. et. nobili- 
tate sui municipii facile primus, Cic. 
Rose. Am. 6, 15: meanness of r., igno- 
bilitas generis, id. Mur. 8,17: meanness 
of r. and name, bhumilitas generis ac 
nominis, Suet. Vesp. 4. 2. stirps, pis, 
J.: to be of the same r., ejusdem s. esse, 
Cic. Rab. Post. 1,2: of a divine r., s. 
divinae, Virg. Aen. 5, 7113; sprung from 
a most ancient r., ortus s. antiquissima, 
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3. 3. progénies, éi, f.: 
virtue, not r., ought to be looked for, 
virtutem, non progeniem, quaeti oportet, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 12, 24. 4, prosapia: a 
man of very ancient r., homo veteris p. 
ac multarum imaginum, Sall. J. 85: so, 
nobilissimus, magnaque et vetere p., 
Suet. Galb. 2. |], 4 particular breed: 

1, gens, tis, f.: v. NATION. Q, génus, 
éris,n. (Gens is a political; genus a na- 
tural race: gens consists of families, 
whom the founder of states has united 
into a community or complex family ; 
genus consists of species and individuals, 
that by their common properties belong 
to one and the same class of beings: 
Déderl.: genus is therefore usually the 
better word): the human 7., bumanum 
genus, Cic. Am. 5, 20: the Roman r., 
Romanum g., id. Phil. 4, 5, 13: the Ita- 
lian r., Italicum g., Sall. J. 47: the Cau- 
casian r., *Caucasium g.: the Negro r., 
*Aethiopicum g.: various r.s of beasts, 
varia g. bestiarum, Cic. N. D. 2 39, 99: 
the r. of fishes, piscium g., Hor. Od. 1, 2, 
g. 3. proles, is, f.: that r. of future 
men, p. illa futurorum hominum, Cic. 
Rep. 6, 21: the Ausonian r., p. Ausonia, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 236. 4, nomen, inis, 
n.: the Latin r., nomen Latinum, Liv. : 
Cic.: the Roman r. seemed to ali to be 
destroyed, deletum omnibus videbatur 
n. Romanum, Liv. 23, 6. 5, sanguis, 
inis, m. (poet.): the Trojan r., Trojanus 
s., Virg. Aen. 1, 19: the founder of our 
r., nostri sanguinis auctor, Ov. M. 13, 
142. 6, s®men, inis, m. (meton.: a 
figurative and rhetorical expr.): genus ac 
s., Cic. Agr. 2,35: sprung from a royal 
r., regio s. ortus, Liv. 1, 47. 7. pro- 
pago, inis, f. (poet.): the Roman r., 
Romana p., Virg. Aen. 6, 871 (with 6). 
(Stirps, genus, and gens, denote the race 
usually in an ascending line, as abstract 
and collective terms for majores ; whereas 
progenies, propago, proles, denote a de- 
scending line, as abstract and collective 
terms for posteri. Prosapia is an an- 
tiquated solemn expression, and only 
to be used of ancient noble families ; 
progenies, a select elevated expression 5 
proles, a poetical word. Déderl.) Phr.: 
to be proud of one’s ancient r., tumere 
alto stemmate, Juv. 8, 4o. lh. Fig.: 
a collection of persons having some- 
thing in common: 1, génus: the 
v. of poets, g. vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
102. 9. natio, dnis, f.: the r. of 
Epicureans, n. Epicureorum (vestra 
natio), Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 73: the r. of 
busybodies, n. ardelionum, Phaedr. 2, 5, I. 
Phr.: O imitators, a servile r., O imita- 
tores, servum pecus, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19. 

race (subs.): |. A contest in run- 
ning. . certamen, inis, . (any 
contest: hence needing to be defined by 
context): @ horse-r. (of chariots and 
horses), ¢. equorum, Cat. 11, 29: c¢. 
equestre, Suet. Ner. 12: a r. of two- 
horsed chariots, c. bijagum (= bigarum), 
Virg. Aen. 5, 144: a r. of four-horsed 
chariots, c. quadrigarum, Suet. Claud. 
21: a boat-r., certamen remorum, or of 
sailing boats, c. navigiorum: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 5, 114: a foot-r., c. cursis, Ov. M. 
1, 792: ¢c pedum, ib. 12, 304. ae 
cursus, is: a horse-r., c. equorum, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 5493 ¢. equestris, ib. 5, 
667: more freq. = foot-r. (c. pedum, 
ib. 5, 67): to contend in a swift foot-r., 
rapido contendere c., ib. 5, 2g1: when 
the r.s were finished, ubi confecti c., ib. 
5, 362. 3, curricilum (of chariots): 


RACE 


a  e 


@ horse-r., c. equorum, Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 
38. Phr.: torun a neck and neck r., 
calcem terere calce, Virg. Aen. 5, 324: 
they are ashamed to come in last at the 
7., extremos pudet redire, Virg. Aen. 5, 
196. Phr.: to compete in the foot-r., 
stadium currere, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 42. ll. 
Fig.: @ progress, course, movement. 
1, currictilum: the r. of life, c. 
vitae, Cic. 2. cursus, is: the r. of 
life is short, that of glory everlasting, 
vitae brevis c., gloriae sempiternus, Cic. 
Sext. 21,47. Phr.: torun the r. (of 
life), spatium decurrere, Cic. Sen. 23, 83. 
[I]. A strong or rapid current of 
water: perh. *rapidus rivus: v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. rivus. 
race (v.): 1. certo, 1: to r. on 
Foot, cursu ¢., Sall. Jug. 6; *pedibus c. : 
to r. with horses, *cursu equestri (equo- 
Tum) c. 2. contendo, di, 3: to 7. on 
foot, cursu c., Virg. Aen. 5, 291 ; pedibus 
c,Ov. Phr.: tor. in the great (UOlym- 
prc) games, stadium c., Cic. Off. 3, 10, 42. 
race-course : 1. stadium: Cic. 
Sen. 10, 33. 2. curricilum: the ath- 
letes exercise themselves in the r.-course, 
athletae se in c. exercent, Cic. Sen. 9, 
27. 8, spatium (another form of 
stadium): when the chariots have started, 
they rush into the r.-course, cum car- 
ceribus sese effudere quadrigae, addunt 
in spatia, Virg. G. 1, 513. 4, (for 
horses), hippddromus: Mart.: Plin. 
race-horse : 1, célés, étis (Gr. 
KeAns): Plin.34,5,10$ 19. 2, Equus 
cursor: cf. L. G. § 598. (Often from 
the context equus will suffice: cf. Enn. 
in Cic. Sen. 5, 14.) Phr.: a breed of 
r.-horses, equorum cursorum s. velocium 
semina: cf. pernicissimarum quadri- 
garum semina, Col. 3, 9, 5: to keep a 
stud of r.-horses, *equos curriculi causa 
alere. 
racer: |. A person : 1, cur- 
sor: Cic. Div. 2, 70, 144. 9. stidio- 
drémus: Plin. Il. 4 horse: Equus 
(cursor), etc.: Vv. RACE-HORSE, 
raciness : of style: nearest words, 
1, succus (peculiar flavour, with- 
out which writing is flat and dull): ct. 
ornatur oratio quasi colore quodam et 
succo suo, Vic. de Or. 3, 25,96. Join: 
succus et sanguis, id. Br. 9, 36. 2. 
sapor (flavour, relish): to speak with 
an indescribable native r., dicere nescio 
quo sapore vernaculo, ib. 46,172. Phr.: 
to speak with much r., salsissime dicere 
aliquid, id. de Or. 2, 54, 221. 
rack (subs.): |. An instrument of 
torture. 1, Gquileus: fo put any 
one to the r., aliquem in equuleum im- 
ponere, Curt. 6, 10, ad init.: equuleo 
torquere aliquem, Cic. Fin. 3, 13, 42: 
Cic. Mil. 21, extr.: Sen. 9. meton. 
quaestio (prop. examination on the rack) : 
Cic. Phr.: to put to the r.: to offera 
slave for examination on the r., dare 
servum in quaestionem, Cic. R. A. 41, 
120: to promise a slave for examination 
on the r., servum in quaestionem polliceri, 
ib. 28, 77: to demand a slave for exa- 
mination on the r. respecting the death 
of his master, postulare servum in quaes- 
tionem de morte domini, ef. id. Clu. 64 
§ 181: the word denoting the crime is 
usually dependent on the prep. de, but 
the following constr. may also be used : 
to examine slaves on the r. respecting 
the death of one's father, mortis paternae 
de servis quaestionem ferre, id. R. A. 
28, 78. 3. tormentum (gen. term: 
torture): to extort aconfession by the r., 
lormentis aliquem cogere confiteri, id. 
Mil. 21, 57; tormentis exprimere con- 
fessionem cogitati sceleris, Suet. Tib. 
19: the fear of the r. compels them to 
confess the truth, metus tormentorum 
vera fateri eos cogit, Liv.: even on the 
r. they stuck to the truth, vi tormentorum 
adducti in veritate mansernnt, Cic. Clu. 
63, 176: to die on the r., in tormentis ne- 
cari, id. N. D. 3, 33, 82: to hand a slave 
over for examination on the r., dedere 
servum tormentis, id. Mil. 22, 58: 
4, carnificina: v. TORTURE. ll. 
Fig.: extreme pain, perh. carnificina : 
ef. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, init., quum omnis 


RADICAL 


perturbatio miseria est, tum carnificina 
est aegritudo: but usu. better expr. by 
verb: e. g. to be on the r., cruciari, ex- 
cruciari, discruciari (cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 1, 
discrucior animi! J amon the r.!); ani- 
mo angi (to be in distress of mind), Cic. 
Fam. 16, 14; also, angi et cruciari, id. 
Att. 7, 22. See also SUSPENSE. il. 
A wooden frame from which horses and 
cattle are fed. 1, faliscae, arum: 
Cat. R. lt. 4, init. (f. clathratae, fur- 
nished with a grating). 2. cratis, 
crates, is, f. (prop. wicker work): Veg. 
Vet. 1, 56. 8. jacea or jacca (the 
vulgar term =cratis): Veg. l. c., cratis 
quae jacea vocatur a vulgo. IV. 
Vapour; hence, thin flying clouds 
driven by the wind (‘leave not a rack 
behind,” Shaks.: “the doubtful rack of 


heaven,” Dryd.): nubes....veluti pen- | 


deutia vellera lanae, like hanging fleeces 
of wool, Lucr. 6, 504: ef. Virg. G. 1, 
397. tenuia nec Janae per caelum vellera 
ferri. 

rack (v.): |. To torture on the r.: 
torques, si, tum, 2: Cic.: v. TO TORTURE. 
More precisely, equuleo torquere, etc. : 
Vv. RACK, Subs. (1.). to put to the r. ll. 
To affect with extreme pain: 1, tor- 
queo, distorqueo, 2: Cic.: v. TO TOR- 
TURE.  Q, verso, 1 (to disquiet, harass 
greatly): Enn. in Cic. Sen. init.: Liv. 
2, 45, med. (nune indignatio nune pudor 
pectora versare): Prop. 3, expr. by 
stimuli, orum (stings, as of keen emo- 
tion): Join: lacerare, vexare, sti- 
mulos admovere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 34. 
Phr.: r.’d with deep despair (Milton), 
*acres cui stimulos rerum desperatio 
admovet ; cujus cor extrema rerum 
desperatione aestuat: to be r.'d with 
pain, dolore distineri (et divelli), Cic. 
Plan. 33,init.: Vv. TORTURE. |||. Fig.: 
to screw, to force to performance: 
Phr.: to 7. one’s brains, aliqua re 
scrutanda, quaerenda, rimanda fatigari, 
paene dirumpi (Kr.). IV. To clear 
or strain liquor: 1, défaeco, 1: Col. 


12, ae Plin. 2. liquo, 1: Hor. Od. 
I, II, 6. 
racket: |. The bat with which 


the ball is struck at tennis: réticilum: 
Erasm. Coll. 1, 38. I]. A clattering 
noise: strépitus, tis, m.: Cic.: v. NOISE. 

racy: of style: salsus (sharp, smart, 
witty): Cic. Phr.: @ most r. speech, 
*salsissima oratio: having a certain r. 
flavour of its own, habens quendam 
succum suum, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 96: 
V. RACINESS. 

radiance: candor, fulgor, claritas, 
splendor: v. BRIGHTNESS. Phr.: the r. 
of the sun (Shaks.), *solis splendida lu- 
mina: with r.crowned of majesty divine 
(Milton), *cui majestas divina comas 
radiantiaque ambit tempora. 

radiant : 1, radians (diffusing 
rays: poet.): the r. light of the sun, 
radiantia lumina solis, Ov. Trist. 2, 325: 
r. visage (Milton), *radiantia ora. 2. 
clarus: the r. lights of the world (sun 
and moon), clarissima mundi lumina, 
Virg. G. 1, 5. 3, nitidus (poet.): the 
bright sun had hidden his r. head in 
the ocean, candidus oceano n. caput ab- 
diderat sol, Ov. M. 15, 30. So, ful- 
gidus, fulgens, splendidus, etc.:  v. 
BRIGHT. To be r., radio, 1: Virg.: Ov. 

radiate (v.): to emit rays, to shine, 
sparkle : 1, radio, 1: cats’ eyes r. in 
the dark, felium in tenebris r. oculi, Plin. 
Il, 37, 55 § 150: Ov.: esp. in imperf. 
part., radians (gleaming, beaming): 
Virg.: Ov. 2. fulgeo, 2: Cic.: v. To 
SHINE, SPARKLE. 

radiation : radiatio: Plin. 

radical : |. Pertaining to the 
root, primitive, original. 1. innatus: 
a r. fault, vitium bomini innatum: cf. 
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 28: Cic. 2. insitus: 
Cic. (mnatus is stronger than insitus : 
v. Cic. Fin. 4, 2, 4: id. N. D. 1, 19, 44: 
the two words are frequently joined : 
insitus et innatus.) 3, nativus: a 
r. evil, n. malum, Auct. pro Dom. 5, 
12, In Gram.: a r. word, verbum 
Nativum, primitivum, primigenium, 
principale: v. PRIMITIVE. (Or use 





RAGE 





radix; which is indispensable for cri- 
tical language.) Il. Met.: funda- 
mental, thorough, entire: totus: Cic. 
Phr.: to make a r. cure, *ipsas mor- 
borum causas expellere; *efficere ut 
quis ex toto convalescat, based on Cels. : 
ar. difference of character, tanta, quanta 
maxima esse potest, morum studic 
rumque distantia, Cic. Am. 20, 74: ar. 
reform, mutatio omnium rerum, ef. id. 
Att. 8,3. []], In politics: Phr.- 
the Radical party, rerum novarum 
cupidi, Caes. B. G. 1, 18: Sall. C. 28; 
novarum rerum avidi, Liv. 1, 8; qui 
reipublicae mala volunt tollere atque 
extrahere radicitus, cf. Cic. Fin. 2,9, 27. 
radically : 1, funditus: Tae. 
2. radicitus, Cic. 3. stirpitus, 

Cie. 4, pénitus: Cic. 
radish : 1, rapbinus: Plin.: Col. 
(*raphanus sativus or hortensis, Linn. : 
*raphanus ruaticanus, another name for 
the horse-radish,q.v.) 2, radix, icis, 
f. (simply): Hor.: Ov.: or radix Syri- 


aca: Col. 8, A small r., radicila: 
Cels. : Col. 
radius: radius: Cic. (In ana- 


tomy: the exterior bone of the fore- 
arm, radius: Cels.: also called *arundo 
brachii minor and cercis.) 

raffle (v.): Phr.: alea liidere: Cic. 
Phil. 2, 23, 56: tor. for anything, talos 
jacere de aliqua re: cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 


54- 

raffle (subs.): alea: Cic.: v. pre- 
ceding article, 

raft: ratis, is, f.: to cross a river 
on r.s and in boats tied together, flumen 
ratibus ac lintribus junctis transire, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 12. 

rafter: 1, cantérius, ii, m.: Vitr. 
4, 2, 3. 2, trabs or trabis, is, f. (any 
beam): Vv. BEAM. 

rag: |. A piece of cloth or linen, 
pannus, panniculus: v. CLOTH, PATCH. 

I]. In pl., garments worn out : A; 

panni, orum: covered with r.s, pannis 
obsitus, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 5: (also pan- 
nosus: V. RAGGED): they covered their 
limbs with black 7.s, membraque vinx- 
erunt tinctis ferrugine pannis, Ov. Ib. 
235. 2. panniili, orum: App. 3 
dilabidae vestes: Plin. Phr.: wisdom 
is often clad in r.s, saepe est sub pal- 
liolo sordido sapientia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 
56. To deal in r.s, *negotium panni- 
cularium exercere, pannos obsoletos 
[scruta] venditare. A dealer in r.s, *qui 
obsoletis pannis emendis vendendisve 
quaestum facit. The r.- man, perb. 
scrutarius, Lucil. in Gell. 3, 14. 

ragamuffin: @ disreputable fellow, 
pannosus homo, Cic. Att. 4, 3, fim.: @ 
young +., * pannosus ex infima plebecula 
puer. As a class, faex populi, Cic. 

rage (subs.): |, Violentanger: 1, 
fuiror, Oris, m. (prop. madness): blind r., 
caecus f., Hor. Epod. 7, 13: blind with 
r., caecus furore, Liv. 28,22: impelled by 
r. and madness, furore atque amentia 
impulsus, Caes. B. G. 1, 40: an unac- 
countable r. seizes the man, mirus in- 
vadit f. alicui, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 2: to do 
anything inar., *furore abreptum, ac- 
censum aliquid facere to put any one 
in a 7., impellere aliquem in furorem, 
Cic. Join: furor effrenatus, indomitus, 
praeceps, flammatus atque ignitus. 2, 
rabies, em, 6, f. (esp. poet.): 7. armed 
Archilochus wtth its appropriate lambus, 
Archilochum proprio r. armavit Lambo, 
Hor. A. P. 79: hostile r., r. hostilis, Liv. 
29, 8. 3, fiiriae, pl. (poet. for furor 
or rabies): all Etruria rose up with 
just 7. omnis furiis surrexit Etruria 
justis, Virg. Aen. 8, 494. 4. ira: 
with renev ed r., redintegrata ira, Liv. 8, 
32: V. ANGER. 5, iracundia: to be in 
a great or very great r.. iracundia effe- 
rari, Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 305: exardescere 
iracuhdia et stomacho, Cic. Verr. 2, 20, 
48: to restrain one’s T., iracundiam re- 
primere, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 3; 1. cohibere, Cie. 
Mare. 3, 8: incited by r., iracundia inci- 
tatus, Auct. pro liom. 33, 88. 6, sté- 
michus (in this sense poet.): the deadly 
r of Achilles, gravis Pelidae stomachus, 
Hor. Od. 1, 6, & 7. saevitia: after 

635 


RAGE 








pees 
long sustaining the r. of the enemy, diu 
sustentata hostium saevitia, Tac. A. 2, 
IL Il. Vehemence or excitement of 
anything painful: rabies. the r. of 
thirst and hunger (Pope), r. sitis et 
ventris: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 357. ll. 
Enthusiasm, rapture (Cowley): furor : 
Cic. IV. Vehemence of the natural 
elements : 1, furor: the r. of storms, 
coeli f. (aequinoctialis), Cat. 46, 2. 2: 
rabies: the r. of the winds, r. ventorum, 
Ov. M. 5, 7: the r. of the heaven and of 
the sea, furores et r. coelique marisque, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 802. 3, saevitia: the 
r. of the sea, 3. maris, Vell. 1, 2: the r. 
of the storms, s. tempestatum, Plin. 2, 
41, 47 § 125. V. Lagerness, violent 
passion for anything: stiidium, cac6- 
éthés: v. Passion (V.). See also EAGER- 
ness. Also perh, insania, which is used 
of any kind of extravagance: cf. Cic. 
Quint. 3, I, 2: V. MANIA. 

Tage (v.): 
perated or angry: 1, fiiro, 3: the 
consul begins to r., consul coepit furere, 
Liv. 22, 39: to r. against any one, f. 
adversus aliquem, Suet. Tib. 61. Join: 
insanire ac furere, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, 393 
furere et bacchari, id. Brut. 80, 276. 
Comp. perfiiro, 3 (fo 7. greatly): Virg. 
Aen. 9, 343 (imcensus et ipse perfurit). 

92. saevio, 4: a r.ing mob, saeviens 
turba, Liv. 8, 24: the ignoble mob r. in 
their souls, saevit animis ignobile vul- 
gus, Virg. Aen. 1, 149: to r. against 
oneself, in se ipsum s., Liv. 1, 53: the 
father r.s because his son won't marry, 
pater ardens s., quod filius uxorem re- 
cuset, Hor. S. 1, 4, 49. Strengthened, 
désaevio, 4: Virg. Aen. 10, 569. For 
further examples of phr. to be wm a r., 
Vv, RAGE, subs. (1.). |]. Fig.: to be 
violent and tumultuous (of things and 
passions) ¢ 1, fiiro, 3 (poet.): the 
vlack storm r., atra tempestas f., Virg. 
Aen. 5, 694: the fire r.s, ignis f., id. 
. 3, 100: Hor. 3. saevio, 4: the 
wind r.s, ventus s., Caes. B. G. 3, 13: 
7.e sea r.s with the winds, mare ventis 
s., Sall. J. 78: fortune begins to r., 8. 
fortuna coepit, id. C. 10: let fortune r. 
and excite new storms, saeviat, atque 
novos moveat Fortuna tumultus, Hor. S. 
2, 2, 126. Strengthened, désaevio: the 
storm r.s on the sea, pelago desaevit 
hiems, Virg. Aen. 4, 52. 

ragged: |. Rent or worn to tatters: 

], lacer, éra, érum : 7. attire, 1. vestis, 
Tac. Hist. 3,10. 2, panniiceus and pan- 
nicius, Petr. 14 (p. vestis). Il. Wear- 
ing tattered clothes : 1. pannosus, Cic. 
Att. 4, 3,,fim. 2, pannis obsitus, Ter.: 
v. RAG (IL). II]. Having rough or 
umeven edges: perh. scissus (V. JAGGED): 
or, scissilis, e- v. Lat. Dict. s. v. 

raging (part.andadj.): 1, furens; 
strengthened, fiiribundus (in a state of 
rage and fury): Cic.: Hor. Fig.: the 
r. Leo, furibundus Leo, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 
17. Q, saevus, sueviens: Vv. FIERCE, 
CRUEL; also, TO RAGE. 3, rabidus (a 
strong expr.: poet.): r. tigers, r. tigres, 
Virg.G. 2,151: Hor. Phr.: ar. fever, 
febris ardens, Cels. 3, 7, 2; f. vehemens: 
Vv. VIOLENT. 

ragout: perh. conditiira, Sen. Ira, 3, 
15: *cibus acrioribus condimentis con- 
fectus: V. SEASONING, SEASONED. Phr.: 
a r. of mushrooms, cibus boletorum, 
Suet. Claud. 44. 

ragwort: @ plant: perh. satyrion, 
ii: Plin. (*Orchis mascula: Botan.) 

rail (subs.): |. A cross-beam fixed 
onuprights: 1, longirius: Varr. R. R. 
i, 14 (per foramina [palorum] trajectis 
longuriis binis aut ternis, i. e. a fence 
formed by posts placed at intervals, 
pierced to receive two or three rails). 
But longurius may be used of any 
longish pole or piece of wood. 2. 
*asser transversus [(quales palornm fora- 
minibus iuseruntur] ad _ sepimentum 
faciendum. I], An upright, forming 
part of fence; usu. pl., rails or ratling : 
palus: Varr. R. R. Lc. Often sépi- 
mentum, sepes, may serve: more pre- 
cisely, sepes ex palis statutis crebris, 
Varr. A . (Cancelli denotes cross- or 

3 


|. Zo be violently exas- | 


RAIN 





lattice-work : v. GRATING.) Ul. Of 
a railway: perh. trabs ferrea, longurius 


ferreus. IV, 4 bird: *rallus: v. 
CORN-CRAKE. 

rail (v.): |. To enclose with a rail- 
ing: Phr.: palis crebris statutis (or 


simply palis) sepire: cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 
14. Usu., however, sepio, consepio, se- 
pimento circumdare, will be precise 
enough: v. FENCE, TO FENCE. (Cancelli 
= to mark with cross lines: Varr. 4, 2, 
med.) I]. To abuse : 1, convicior, 
1 (esp. in a loud or violent manner: 
infreq.): to accuse rather than merely 
to r., accusare potius quam c., Liv. 42, 
41, init.: Suet. Foll. by dat., Quint. 5, 
13,40. The same sense is usu. better 
expr. by corresponding subs. convicium, 
with a verb: e. g. to r. at any one, con- 
sectari aliquem conviciis, Cic. Att. 2, 185 
facere convicia alicui, Ov. Pont. 2, 6, 75 
| jacere convicia alicui, id. Met. 5, 664; 
fundere convicia in aliquem, ib. 13, 306; 
ingerere convicia alicui, Hor. S. 1, 5, 115 
convicio aliquem incessere, Gell 9, 2. 
Q, milédico, xi, ctum, 3 (with dat, 
rarely with acc.); or expr. by maledic- 
tum and some verb; to r. at any one, 
maledicere alicui, Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 933 
maledicta in aliquem dicere, id. Q. Fr. 
2, 3; maledicta in aliquem conferre, id. 
Att. 11, 8; maledictis aliquem figere 
(rare), id. N. D. 1, 34, 935 aliquermn 
probris omnibus maledictisque vexare, 
id. Fl. 20, 48. 3. insector, 1, dep.: 
to r. at any one, insectari aliquem, id. 
N. D. 1, 3, 5: to inveigh too bitterly 
and r. too violently against any one: 
acerbius in aliquem invehi, insec- 
tarique vehementius, id. Am. 16, 57: 
Vv, REVILE. 
railing (subs.) : J. A fence: pali, 
sépimentum, sépes: v. RAIL (IL); 
FENCE. Ij. -J6use: convicium, malé- 
dictum, probrum: v. TO RAIL (lI.) 5 
ABUSE. 
railing (adj.): in phr. railing lan- 
guage: v. preced. art. 
raillery: 1, jécus, jécatio: v. 
JOKE. Q, cavillatio (banter, jeering): 
v. Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 218: bitter r., 
acerba c., Suet. Tib. 57. 
rail-road ? *via ferrea s. ferrata, or 
rail-way b via ferro strata. Phr.: 
to make a 7.,*viam ferro sternere: @ ¥.- 
director, *viae ferreae (ferratae) curan- 
dae praepositus ; *viae ferreae (ferratae) 
curator: @ r.-carriage, * currus vapori- 
bus motus: a r.-station, *mausio or 
statio viae ferreae. 
raiment: vestis, vestitus, Us; ves- 
timentum: for examples, v. 6LOTHES, 
CLOTHING. 
rain (subs.): 1, pliivia (as a bene- 
ficial natural phenomenon, falling upon 
and fertilizing the ground, like the Gr. 
jetés): penetrating 7., tenues pluviae, 
Virg. G. 1, 92: fine r., p. rara et minuta, 
Sen. (in Qu.): heavy 7., pluvia ingens, 
Virg. G. 1, 3253 graves pluviae, Ov. F. 
2, 71: threatening r., pluvia impendens, 
Virg. G. 4, 191. 2. imber, bris, m. 
(prop. of rain as a phenomenon of cold 
and stormy weather, but also of heavy 
rain in general): very heavy 7’., maximus 
imber, Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86: I arrived at 
Capua in very heavy 7., maximo imbri 
Capuam veni, id. Att. 7, 20: pl. esp. to 
denote continued, heavy rain: we had 
heavy and incessant r., magnos et as- 
siduos imbres habebamus, ib. 13, 16: 
heavy r. falls, cadunt largi imbres, Ov. M. 
| 11, 516: the south-wind and very heavy 
r. increase, ingeminant austri et densis- 
simus imber, Virg. G. 1, 333: the r. 
pours down, imbres effunduntur, id. Aen. 
6, 693: as soon as the r. ceased, ubi pri- 
mum imbres remiserunt, Liv. 40, 33: cis- 
terns for holding r.-water, piscinae cis- 
ternaeque servandis imbribus, Tac. H. 5, 
12. 3, nimbus (prop. a rain-cloud ; 
poet.: heavy rain attended urth cloudy 
weather): neither do winds shake nor 
clouds drench (them) with r., neque 
concutiunt venti nec nubila nimbis 
aspergunt, Lucr. 3, 19: @ black storm 
of r. mingled with hail, nigrans com- 
mixta grandine nimbus, Virg. Aen. 4, 








RAISE f 


120: thick storms of r. rush down from 
heaven, densi funduntur ab aethere 
nimbi, Ov. M. 1, 269. 4, aqua coel- 
estis; also, aqua simply: there ts a want 
of r., coelestes desunt aquae, Liv. 4, 30: 
the crow presager of r., cornix augur 
aquae, Hor. Od. 3, 17, 12: much r., 
multa aqua, Ov. F. 6, 198: heavy r., 
aquae magnae, Liv. 24, 9: there fell 
suddenly, it is said, such a great quan- 
tity of r., tanta repente coelo missa vis 
aquae dicitur, Sal. J. 75: rain-water, 
aquae pluviae, Cic. Mur. 9, 22; aqua 
pluvialis, Ov. M. 8, 3353 imbres, Tac.: 
VY, RAIN. 

rain (v.): |. Lit.: pluo, plui or 
plivi, 3 (usu. impers.): i 7.s, pluit, 
Cic.: it will r. to-day, pluet hodie, 
Plaut. Cure. 1, 2, 42: it r.s hard, multum 
pluit, id. Men. prol. 63: it r.s blood, 
pluit sanguinem, Cic. Div. 2, 27, 58 (in 
this phrase either acc. or abl. is used) : 
it r.s milk, pluit lacte, Liv, 27, 11: w% 
r.s stones, p. lapidibus, id. 35, 9. Or 
expr. by pluvia, imber: v. examples 
under RAIN (subs.). Phr.: it rd all 
night, imber continens per nectem totam 
tenuit, Liv. 23, 44. ll. Fig.: to 
fall or pour down like rain: pluo: 
From the shaken holm-oak the acorn 
r.s down, de concussa pluit ilice glans, 
Virg. G. 4, 81. Strengthened, perpluo, 3: 
the storm, which love has r.’d into my 
breast, tempestas, quam mihi amor in 
pects perpluit meum, Plaut. Most. 1, 
3, 9. 
rain-bow: 14 arcus plivius, Hor. 
A. P. 18: arcus coelestis, Plin. 11, 14. 14, 
§ 37: or arcus simply, as shewn by con- 
text, Sen. N. Q. 1, 3: Virg. Aen. 5, 88: 
lunar and solar r.s, arcus solares lu- 
naresque, Sen. N. Q. 1, To. 9. Meton. 
Iris (1), idis, f. (goddess of the rainbow, 
also used for the rainbow itself): cf. 
Ov. M. 1, 271. 

rain-water: V. RAIN. 

rainy: 1. pliivius: r. or fine days, 
p. aut sereni dies, Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150° 
r. weather, tempestas p., Cato, R,. R. 2: 
p. coeli status, Col. 2, 10, 21: 7. winds, 
p. venti, Hor. Od. 1, 17,14: the r. season, 
*ea pars anni qua continui imbres sunt. 

9, pliivialis, e: a r. day, p. dies, 
Col. 2,15: the r. south wind, pl. Auster, 
Virg. G. 3, 429. 8, pliiviosus (of 
much rain): a 7. winter, p. hiems, Plin. 
18, 25, 60, § 225. 4, Aqudsus (poet.): 
ar. winter, a. hiems, Virg. E. 10, 66: 
the r. Orion, a. Orion, id. Aen. 4, 52. 
5, imbrifer, Gra, érum (bringing 

rain): r. south winds, i. Austri, Ov. M. 
13, 725: @ 7. spring, i. ver, Virg. G. 1, 
313. Phr.: it looks r., coelum est plu- 
vium, cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 135 pluvia 
impendet, Virg. G. 4, 191. 

raise: |, 7olift up: _ 1, tollo, 
sustiili, sublatum, 3: to7. a stone from 
the ground, saxum de terra t., Cic. Caec. 
21, 60: to r. oneself from the ground, 
se t. a terra, id. Tuse. 5, 13, 37: Icarnot 
r. my head, nequeo caput t., Pl. True. 2, 
6,45: to r. the curtain (of a theatre), 
aulaeum t., Cic. Cael. 27, 65 (this was 
done at the end of a piece, since the 
curtain, contrary to our practice, was 
let down below the stage when the play 
began; hence aulaeum [aulaea] premere, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 89, or aulaeum premere, 
Phaedr. 5, 7, 23, to drop the curtain, was 
used to denote the opening of the play.) 
Comps. (1). attollo, 3 (not in Cic., and 
chiefly poet.): to r. the head, caput at- 
tollere, Ov. M. 5, 503: tor. the eyes from 
the ground, oculos humo a., ib. 2, 448: 
to r. the hands to heaven, manus ad 
coelum a., Liv. 10, 36. (2). extollo, 3 
(to r. high): to r. the head, caput ex- 
tollere, Cic. Plane. 13, 33: to 7. on high 
a bloodstained dagger, alte cruentum 
pugionem e., Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 28. 2. 
lévo, 1 (to lift up, raise gently): tor. 
one’s limbs from the grass, membra 
gramine l., Ov. F. 6, 328: to r. oneself 
from the tury, id. M. 2, 427: tor.upa@ 
sick person from a da tllness, 
aegrum ex praecipiti l., Hor, S. 2, 3, 292. 
Comps. (1). allévo, 1 (in Cic. only fig., to 
alleviate): to r. the hand, manum 


< 





cA 
> 





RAISE 





Quint. 11, 3, 94: tor. the arm, brachium 
a, id. 11, 3, t41: to 7. the eyebrows, 
supercilia a., id. 11, 3,19: to 7. the eyes, 
oculos a., Curt. 8, 14. (2). élévo, 1 (to 
raise toa height): to r. a flooring (toa 
certain height), contabulationem e., Caes. 
B.C. 2,9. (N.B.—Elevo, when used in 
fig. sense, = not to raise, extol [extollo, 
effero], but to lessen, disparage : cf. Cic. 
de Or 2, 58, 236.) (3). sublévo, 1 (to 
raise from the ground): he did not even 
rT. us up when stretched at his Jeet, nos 
sibi ad pedes siratos ne sublevabat 
quidem, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3: to r. oneself 
up, (erigere}] se [aut] sublevare, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 27: the bees r. up on their 
shoulders the wearied king, apes regem 
fessum humeris s., Plin. 11, 17, 17, § 54: 
he died in their arms as they were ring 
him up, inter manus sublevantium ex- 
linctus est, Suet. Vesp. 24. 3. érigo, 
rexi, rectum, 3 (to lift to an erect posi- 
tion): tor. the finger, digitum e., uint. 
If, 3, 120: to r. the hands to the roof, 
manus ad tectum ¢., id. 11, 3, 118° tor. 
the ladders to the walls, scalas ad moenia 
e., Liv. 32,14: to r. the eyes, oculos e., 
Cic. Sext. 31, 68. 4, surgo, surrexi, 
surrectum, 3 (very rare as trans, verb): 
to Tr. one’s ears, aures s., Virg. Aen. 4, 
183: an earthquake brings down moun- 
tains, r.s plains, fills up valleys, terrae 
motus defert montes, s. plana, valles ex- 
tuberat, Sen. Q.N.6, 4. (N.B.—Hardly to 
be imitated.) I]. Zo erect, to build: 

1, exstruo, xi, ctum, 3: to r. a tomb, 
sepulchrum e., Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 68: tor. 
& monument, monumentum e., id. Ph. 
14, 12, 33: to r. a mound to the height 
of eighty feet, aggerem in altitudinem 
pedum octoginta e., Caes. B. C. 2, 1: to 
r, towers, turres e., ib. 3,54. 2, érigo, 
3 (rare in this sense): tor. (erect) towers, 
turres e., Caes. B. C. 1, 26. 3. expr. 
by pono, édiico, aedifico: for examples, 
v. ERECT, BUILD. Il. Zo elevate in 
condition, to exalt to a state more great 
or illustrieus: 1, évého, vexi, vectum, 
3: tor. any one to the consulship, ali- 
quem ad consulatum e., Tac. Dial. 13: 
to r. the empire to the highest point, 
imperium ad summum fastigium e., 
Curt. 4, 14: to r. any one to heaven, 
aliquem ad aetherae., Virg. Aen. 6, 1303 
ad deos, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 6; ad auras, Ov. 
M. 14, 127; in coelum, Juv. 1, 38. Q, 
prového, 3: to x. persons of the lowest 
rank to the highest honours, quosdam 
infimi generis ud amplissimos honores 
p., Suet. Caes. 72: to r. any one to con- 
sulships, censorships, and triumphs, 
aliquem in consulatus, censuras, et tri- 
umphos p., Vell. 2, 128: v. TO PROMOTE, 

3. prodiico, xi, ctum, 3: to r. any 
one to honour, aliquem ad dignitatem 
p., Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52: to r. any one 
to the highest honours, aliquem ad 
honores amplissimos p., id. Am. 20, 73: 
to r. any one to (lit. with) every kind 
of honour, aliquem omni genere honoris 
p., Liv. 40, 56. 4. efféro, extili, 
clatum, 3: to r. to the highest au- 
thority through the various degrees of 
preferment, aliquem ad summum im- 
perium per omnes honorum gradus e., 
Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28: to r. any one above 
the laws, aliquem supra leges e., Tac. A. 
2, 34. 5, tollo, 3: to r. any one to 
threefold honowrs, aliquem tergeminis 
t. honoribus (abl. case), Hor. Od. 1, 1, 8 
(hardly so in prose, as tollere alone 
would mean fo get rid of): to 7, any 
one to the sicy vith praises, aliquem 
Jaudibus ad cvelum t., Cie. Fam. 15, 9. 
Phr.: to r. any one from obscurity, 
aliquem e tenebris in iucem evocare, 
Cic. Deiot. 11, 30; aliquem e tenebris et 
silentio proferre, Plin. Ep. 9, 14; aliquem 
ex humili loco ad summam dignitatem 
perducere, Cacs. B. G. 7, 39. IV, 7o 
excite, arouse, stir up: 1. tollo, 3: 
tor. the courage, animos tollere, Liv. 3, 
67: Ter. Hee. 3, 5, 57. 2. Erigo, 3: 
to r. one’s dejected spirits, animuin de- 
missum et oppressum erigere, Cic. Clu. 
21,58: to r. and cheer up the dejected 
Province, provinciam afflictam et per- 
ditam e. atque recreare, id. Verr. 3, gt, 


RAKE 


212. 3, recreo, 1 (frequently joined 
with erigo): to r, the spirits, reficere et 
recreare mentem, id. Plane. 1, 2: to 7. 
a person from the lowest depths of mis- 
Jortune, afflictum erigere, perditumque 
recreare, id. Man. 9g, 23: to r. the de- 
jected spirits of any one, afflictos animos 
alicujus r.,id. Att.1,10,8. 4, excito,1: 
tor. the dejected spirits of a friend, amici 
jacentem animum excitare, id., Am. 16, 
59. Prov.: tov. a storm in a teapot, 
i. e. make much dtlo about nothing, fluc- 
tus in simpulo [lit. in a ladle) ex., Cic. 
Leg. 3, 16, 36. YY, Yo occasion, pro- 
duce, bring forward: tollo, 3: to rT. a 
shout, clamorem tollere, id. Verr. 4, 43, 
94: Virg. Aen. 11, 745: to r. a laugh, 
cachinnum t., Cic. Fat. 5, 10: risum t., 
Hor. A. P. 381. Phr.: to r. a@ report, 
rumorem fingere, cf Caes. B.C. 1, 53: 
to r. @ point (in an argument), aliquid 
proferre, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 413 aliquid in 
medium proferre, Cic. Fam. 15,2. VI. 
To bring from death to life: Phr.: 
aliquem ab inferis excitare, Cic. Cat. 2, 
g, 20: tt is r.d wn glory, surgit in gloria, 
Vulg. 1 Cor. xv. 43: he was 7.d again 
for our justification, resurrexit propter 
justificationem nostram, ib. Rom. iv. 25. 
VII. Zo collect, assemble, procure : 
to r. an army, exercitum conscribere, 
comparare, Cic. Mb. 5, 13, 36; parare, 
Sall. C. 29; exercitum scribere, Liv. 2, 
43; conficere, Cic. Ph. 5, 16, 435 facere, 
ib. 5, 8, 233 contrahere, Caes. B. G. 1, 
343 cogere, ib. 3,17: (in an irregular 
or violent manner), counflare, Cic. Ph. 
4, 6, 15: to r. the wind (i.e. money), 
pecuniam cogere, Cic. Agr. 2, 36, 98. 
VIII. Zo augment, increase: Phr.: 
to r. the price of any thing, pretium 
alicujus rei efferre, Varr. R. R. 3, 6, 
6; facere pretium alicujus rei carius, 
Just. 16, 4: the price of provisions is 
vd, annona augetur, Plin. 6, 22, 24, 
§ 89; annona crescit, Caes. B.C. 1, 525 
annona ingravescit, Auct. pro Dom. 5, 
11; annona est carior, Cic. Div. 2. 27, 59: 
to r. prices artificially, annonam in- 
cendere, excandefacere, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 
jin.: to r. the pay, *augere stipendium. 
IX. To cause to grow: exaro, 1: 
tor. so much corn, tantum frumenti ex., 
Cic. Verr. 5, 38, 99. See also 10 CULTI- 
VATE, PRODUCE. XX, 70 7aise a siege: 
Phr.: obsidionem solvere, Liv. 24, 413 
obsidionem omittere, Tac. A. 15, 53 ab 
oppugnatione desistere, Sall Jug. 25, 
ext. B oppugnationem relinquere, ib. 
15, 16. 
raise up: sublévo, 1: v. TO RAISE. 
Taisin: acinus passus, Plin. 14, 1, 
3 § 17: poet. racémus passus (clusters), 
Virg. G. 4, 269: uvae passae (of a quan- 
tity), Col. 12, 39, 4. Raisin-wine ; 
passum (sc. vinum), Virg. G. 2, 93: 
Plin. : Col. 
rake (subs.): |. An agricultural 
implement : 1, rastellus (dimin. of 
rastrum, pl. rastri, this latter being a 
heavier implement, and serving to dig 
up soil, not merely to smooth or clear 
it): Varr. L. L. 5, 31, 136 (where the 
rastellus is said to be the tool used by 
haymakers in clearing the mown grass) : 
to clear the ground of stubble by means 
of r.s, stipulam de pratis rastellis eradere, 
id. R. R. 1, 49: Col. 2, 13. (But rastrum 
was perhaps also used to denote a com- 
mon rake, cf. Col. 2, 13, med., ligneis 
rastris jacta semina obruere: also Ov. 
M. 13, 765, where Polyphemus uses a 
rastrum as his comb.) 2. pecten, tnis, 
n. (a comb: hence any similar instrn- 
ment, a light r.): Ov. R. A. 192. 3: 
irpex, icis, m. (a heavy farming imple- 
ment): V. HARROW, |]. A vicious 
fellow: 1, népos, otis (a spendthrift 
and prodigal): to squander like a loose 
7., (divitias) discinctus perdere ut nepos, 
Hor. Epod. 1, 34: Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7. 
9. nébulo, Onis, m. (a wothless 
fellow): Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 28 (nebulones 
Alcinoique juventus). Join: vappa 
ac nebulo, id. S.1,1,104. 3, vappa(a 
sort of slang term): cf. Hor. lL. c. 
homo discinctus, dissolutus; v. DISso- 
LUTE, 5, ganeo, nis (one who fre- 


RAMBLE 


quents eating-houses and brothels) : 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 11: Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7 
(quis ganeo, quis adulter, quis nepos; 
from which the primary reference ap- 
pears to be to gluttony rather than 
licenttousness) : ¥. GLUTTON. 
rake (v.): |. Lit. rado, si, sum, 
| 3 (to scrape in any way, whence rastrum, 
rastellus): cf. Warr. L. L. 5, 31, 136 (ab 
Trasu rastelli dicti), Comps. (1). corrado, 
3 (tor. together). Varr.\.c. (2). erido 
| 3 (tor. off the ground or root out of it 
with the rake): id. R.R. 1, 49. Phr.: 
to r, seeds over (cover them with soil by 
raking), (semina) rastellis obruere, Col. 
2, 13, med.: to r. the ground clean, 
pectine verrere humum, Ov. R. Am. 
192; less poetically, *terram rastello 
purgare. Pihr.: to r. together tie fire, 
*ignem cineribus condere; prunis ci- 
neres obducere. Il. 79 get together, 
esp. by screwing and stinting: " 
corrado, 3 (to scrape together): to r, 
together the money firem some quarter 
or other, pecuniam alicunde c., Ter, Ad. 
| 2, 2, 34: cf. id. Heaut. 1, 1, 2g (omnia 
corradere), 2. comparco, si, 3 (by 
stinting): Ter. Ph. 1, 1, to. lil. Zo 
rake up, i.e. revive something unplea- 
sant: Phr.: to r. up an old scandal, 
*flagitii (infamiae) memoriam quae jam 
ebsoleverat redintegrare; veterem in- 
famiam et jam paene oblivio obrutam 
eruere atque proferre. IV. Vo scour, 
rummage (“the statesman rakes the 
town to find a plot,” Swift): perhb. per- 
curro, 3; or scritor, perscriitor, :: Caes.: 
Vv. TO SCOUR, SEARCH. V. 70 five across 
an enemy’s position: *transversa ex 
obliquo conjicere tela. 
rally: ‘AE rane: * |. To put 
disordered troops into order: Phr.: 
revocare in ordines militem, Liv. 28, 153 
militibus collectis aciem restituere, Liv, 
5, 18; ordines restituere, Sall. J. 5135 
inclinatam aciem restituere, Suet. Caes, 
62. [|]. To treat with sativical merri- 
ment, to banter : 1. lido, si, sum, 3: 
foll. by direct acc., Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16. 
Q. irrideo, risi, risum, 2: Cic.: v. To 
BANTER, TO RIDICULE. 8, cavillor, 1: 
Vv. TO JEST, JOKE. B. Intrans.: 
|. To come again into order : expr. 
by colligo, légi, lectum, 3, with pron. 
reflect.: they gave the enemy no oppor- 
tunity of r.ing, neque sui colligendi 
facultatem (hostibus) dederunt, Caes. 
B.G. 5,17: at Capua they first recover 
their spivits and rally, Capuae primum 
sese confirmant et c., id. B. C. 1, 14, 11. 
Il. Fig.: to recover one’s health 
and spirits : 1, expr. by colligo, 3: 
with pron. refl. (to collect oneself): se 
colligere, Cic. ‘T'usc. 4, 36,73: s0, animos 
c., Liv. 3,60. Also, récolligo, 3: Ov. M. 
, 745 (with pron. refl.); se a longa 
valetudine r., Plin.: v. TO RECOVER, 
9, réficio, 3: with pron. refl.: v. 
TO RECOVER. 
rallying-point: *is locus quo mi- 
lites se ex fuga colligunt: v. TO RALLY. 
ram (subs.): |. Male of the sheep: 
iiries, étis, m.: Serr. R. R.: Virg. Bee 
| longing to a ram, ram’s: ariéUnus: @ 
ram’s hoof, ar. ungula: Plin. il. A 
| tattering-ram (used to break walls): 
iiries (v. Smith’s Ant. 133): the r. shakes 
the walls, a. murum percutit, Cic. OFF. 1, 
11, 35: to shatter a considerable portion 
of the wall by the r.s, arietibus aliquan- 
tum muri discutere, Liv. 21, 12: to 
batter the walls with the r. pulsare 
ariete muros, Virg. Aen. 12, 706. 
ram(v.): 1, fistiivo, 1: tor. down 
the foundations, {undamenta f.,Cat. R. R, 
18, med.: tor. down the ground, Plin. 36, 
25, 63. Or expr. by fistiica, fistiicitio, 
with a verb: e.g. fistuca adigere, Caes, 
B. G. 4, 16; locum fistucationibus soli- 
dare, Vitr. 7, I. 2, pivio, 4: tor 
down the earth, terram p., Varr. R. Ru 
7, 5%: 
ramble(v.): ‘|. Lit.: erro, vigor, 
evagor, 1: V. TO WANDER. lj. Fig. 
in discourse: 1, vigor, 1: shall there. 




















4, | fore r. and write carelessly ?, idcircone 


vager scribamque licenter? Hor. A. P, 
265. Comp. évigor: they do not allow 
637 


RAMBLING 





(even) Demosthenes to r. (digress), non 
Demostheni permittunt ev., Quint. 3, 6, 
3. Q. exspatior, 1 Quint. Or expr. 
by phr.: a proposito declinare, Cic. Or. 
4, 137; 4 proposito egredi, id. Brut. 21, 
823 a proposito aberrare, id. Fin. 5, 28, 
83. V TO DIGRESS. — 
ramble, rambling (subs.): error, 
vagatio: v WANDERING, Phr.- I take 
a ramble through the circus and the 
forum, circum forumque pererro, Hor. 
S. 1, 6, 113 
rambler, erro, Gnis: homo erraticus 
s. errabundus: vV WANDERER. 
rambling (adj.): |, Lit.: vagus, 
vagans, erraticus, errans: Vv. WANDER- 
ING, ROVING. Il. Fig. 1, vagus, 
of style, as distinguished from solutus, 
free, easy: cf. (in oratione) solutum 
quiddam sit, nec vagum tamen, Cic. Or. 
Det Ghe 2. vagans. a r. speech, v. 
oratio, Cic. Rep. 2, 11. Phr.: a7. 
house, sparsa ac dissona domus, cf. Stat. 
Acbill. 1, 457. 
ramification: |, Lit.: division 
or separation into branches, small 
branches: 1, *ramifica.io, Linn. 2, 
*ramorum divisio, Phr.. 7. of the roots, 
discursus radicum. Plin. 17, 20, 33 § 144: 
r. of the veins, discursus venarum, id. 
34, 12, 29, 118: cf. véniilae, Cels. 2, 6. 
I]. Fig.. expr. by pars, particila, 
génus, etc. Vv PART, BRANCH. Phr.: 
the conspiracy has many r.s, conjuratio 
ad multos pertinet, Cic. (in Q.): your 
teaching is a r. of Origen’s, doctrina 
tua Origenis ramusculus est, Hier. 
ramify (v.): Phr.: se findere in 
partes: cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 540: roots 
which r., ramosae radices, Plin. 21, 15, 
52 89: v. TO BRANCH. 
rammer: an instrument for driving 
anything with force é 1, fistiica : 
Caes. B.G. 4,17: Plin. Q, pavicila: 
to beat with 7.s, paviculis verberare, Cat. 
R. R. 913; p. coidensare, Col. 1, 6, 123 
inculcare, ib. 1, 6,13. For rammer of a 
gun, Vv. RAM-ROD. 
ramp (v.): i.e. to leap with violence, 
especially of the lion: insilio, ui, 4: 
cf. leo insilit saltu, Plin. 8, 16,19, 50: v. 
TO LEAP. Phr.: they gape upon me 
with their mouths, as a ramping and 
roaring lion, aperuernnt super me os 
suum, sicut leo rapiens et mugiens, 
Vulg. Ps. xxi. 14. Milton uses the word 
without the idea of violence: sporting 
the lion 1,amped, *leo gestiens exercebat 
lusus. 
rampancy: exuberance (South) : 
luxtiria: v. EXUBERANCE. 
ramvant: |. Wild, overleaping 
restraints, exuberant: 1, pétilans 
(wanton) : 7. animals, p. animalia, Gell. 
17,20. Q, lascivus (sporting freely) : 
r. weeds, perh. *1. herbae (cf. lascivae 
hederae, Hor. Od. 1, 36, 20): V. SFORTIVE. 
3. férox (high-spirited, wild, fierce) : 
the r. boar, f. aper, Virg. Aen. 10, 711. 
Phr.: 7. sins (South), *vitia luxu- 
riantia. To be r., dominari: cf. Virg. G. 
I, 154 (of weeds), steriles dominantur 
avenae: and of persons, exsultare im- 
moderateque jactare. Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60. 
||. In heraldry, denoting an animal 
standing on his hind legs: a lion r., 
*leo erectus. 
ramvart: |. 1. agger, éris, m. 
(a mound of earth, serving as a /ortifica- 
tion; usu. surmounted by a stoclade, 
consisting of sharpened stakes, valli): v. 
MOUND. 2. vallum (prop. a stockade ; 
also used to include the agger): Caes. : 
Cic. The above two words are sometimes 
used together to signify the rampart, 
but more frequently-one only ; and more 
usu. vallum: ¢o erect a r., aggerem ac 
vallum exstruere, Caes. B. G. 9, 723 
aggerem exstruere, ib. 2, 30; aggerem 
jacere, ib. 2, 12; vallum ducere (¢o carry 
ar. along), Liv. 7, 23, med.: to fortify 
the camp with a r. and a ditch, castra 
v. fossaque munire, Caes. B. G. 2, 5: 
to surround the town with a r. and a 
ditch (lines of circumvallation), oppi- 
dum v. et fossa circumdare or cingere, 
Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 10: id. Att. 5, 20, §: 
to scale the r. with ladders, scalis v. 
638 





RANGE 


ascendere, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: to destroy 
the r., v. scindere, ib. 3, 5. I]. The 
wall around fortified places, murus, 
mvoenia: V. WALL, Wl. Any kind of 
defence: vallum, minimentum, pro- 
pugnactlum: v. BULWARK, FORTIFICA- 
TION. Fig.: the r. of the Alps against 
the passage of the (rauls, A\pium vallum 
contra transgressionem Gallorum, Cic. 
in Pis. 33, 81. Fig.: the ear of corn is 
protected against the smaller birds by a 
r. of acorns, spica contra avium mi- 
norum morsus munitur vallo aristarum, 
id. Sen. 15, 51. See also FORTIFICATION. 

rampion: *pliyteuma, atis, n. (name 
of the genus), Linn. *Campanula rapun- 
culus, Linn. The horned ramvpion, 
*rapunculus corniculatus or *phyteuma 
orbiculare, Linn. 

ramrod : *virga sclopetaria, M. L. 

rancid: rancidus: Hor. Limin. ran- 
cidiilus (a little r., somewhat so): Juv. 

rancorous: 1, infensus (bitterly 
hostile: joined with inimicus): r. feel- 
ings, infeusus atque inimicus animus, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 61, 149. 2, infestus 
(hostile, spiteful: also joined with ini- 
mnicus or iniquus): to look at any one 
with most r. feelings, animo iniquissimo 
infestissimoque aliquem intueri, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 55, 144. 3. invidus: Hor. 
See also MALIGNANT. Phr.: to flame 
with rageandr ire (Spenser), {acerrima] 
iracundia exardescere, inflammari; ira 
accendi, Cic. 

rancour: 1, ira, iracundia (the 
latter denoting more of settled feeling): 
Vv. ANGER, RAGE. 2, simultas (usu. 
pl.): to contend with the greatest r., 
summis simultatibus contendere, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 44: to cherish r., simultates 
nutrire, ‘l'ac. H. 3, 53. 3. perh. 
odium occultum; o. penitus insitum: 
V. HATRED. 

rancorously: |. infesté: Liv. 21, 
11, init.: V. SPITEFULLY. 2. maligné 
(ill-naturedly): to speak abusively and 
r., maledice ac m. loqui, Liv. 45, 39, 
ad fin. 3. expr. by adj., esp. as 
modal abl., infesto s. infenso animo, 
etc. : Vv. RANCOROUS, 5 

random (adj.): fortuitus (itus and 
itus): Cic. Or by circuml., in casu 
positus, Cic.: Vv. FORTUITOUS, ACCI- 
DENTAL. Phr.: a7. blow, caecus ictus, 
Liv. 34, 14: a 1. shot, *glans temere 
jacta. 

random, at; témére: to talk thought- 
lessly and at 7., inconsulte ac t. dicere, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 433; t. ac nulla ratione 
dicere, id. de Or. 2, 8, 32: words thrown 
out at r., fverba] t. jacta, Liv. 5,15: we 
were not crected at r. or by chance, non t, 
nec fortuito sati etcreati sumus, id. Tusc. 
I, 49, 118. Join: temere ac fortuito; 
casu ac temere; forte, temere, casu; 
incensulto ac temere ; temere atque im- 
prudenter: Cic.: v. ACCIDENTALLY; (BY) 
CHANCE. 

range (subs.): |. A long line or 
row of things, as of mountains, build- 
ings, etc. : 1. ordo, inis, m. (general 
term): v. ROW. 2. of mountains, 
jigum (usu. pl.: a r. of mountains): 
where Ida suells in its extended r., in 
immensis qua tumet Ida jugis, Ov. H. 
5, 138: im an unbroken r., perpetuis j., 
Plin. 3, 5, 7. Phr.: @ finer. of build- 
ings stretches from the palace to the 
castle, *continuantur aedificia lauta ac 
splendida (or, continua sunt aedificia... .] 
a palatio usque ad castellum: a conti- 
nuous r. of mountains, montes perpetui, 
Liv. ; montes continui, Hor. Il. 4 
class: génus: v. CLASS. Il]. Zzcur- 
ston, vandering: vagatio: v. RAMBLE, 
WANDERING. |VY, Compass taken in by 
anything extensive: campus: v. FIELD 
(IL). Phr.: the wide r. of plains, 
immensitates camporum, Cic. N. D. 2, 
39,98: the wide r. of science, vastitas 
scientiae, Col. 5, 1,1: to take a wide r., 
latius exspatiari in aliqua re, cf. Quint. 
25 Tike V. The reach of a missile : 
Phr.: to come within r., intra teli jactum 
progredi, Virg. Aen. 11, 608; venire ad 
teli conjectum, Liv. 2, 31: to stand out 
of r., extra teli conjectum consistere, 





RANK 





Petr. go: to be out of r., extra teli jac- 
tum esse, Curt. 3, 10: to be out of r of 
the artillery, interiorem ictibus tormen- 
torum esse, Liv. 24, 34: the enemy were 
within r., non longius hostes aberant, 
quam quo telum adjici posset, Caes. B.G. 
2,21. YJ. A kitchen-grate: ciminus: 
Vv. GRATE, FIRE-PLACE. 
range (v.): A. Trans.: to set 
in order: ordino, etc.: V. TO ARRANGE. 
B, Intrans.: |. To rove at 
large: l, pervagor, 1: Cic.: v. To 
WANDER. 2. persulto, 1 (prop. leap 
over, bound): the wild herds r. over th 
glad pastures, ferae pecudes p. pabula 
laeta, Lucr. I, I4: V. ROAM, WANDER. 
Il. To have a certain scope or range : 
expr. by, intra quosdam ‘certos] fines s. 
terminos contineri. 
ranger: |. One that ranges, a 
robber (rare): latro: v. ROBBER. ll. 
A dog that beats the ground: canis ves- 
tigator, Varr. L. L. 5, 18, 94: cf. canes, 
qui odorantur omnia et pervestigant, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 13, 31. Il]. One who 
tends game in a forest; a forester: 
saltuarius: Pomp. Dig. 33, 7, 15; or *rei 
saltuariae praefectus. 
rank (subs.): |. A row or line of 
things: ordo, Inis, m.; séries: v. ROW, 
LINE, Il. Of soldiers: ordo: to keep 
the 7.s, ordines servare, Caes. B. G. 4, 263 
o. observare, Sall. Jug. 51: to throw the 
r.s into confusion, 0. perturbare, ib. 2, 
11: to re-form the 1.8, 0. restituere, Sall. 
Jug. 51: when they saw that they fol- 
lowed again in close r.s, ubi firmis ordi- 
nibus sequi rursus videre, Tac. Agr. 37: 
to reduce to the r.s, in ordines cogere 
or redigere, cf. Liv. 3, 51: Suet. Vesp. 
15. Phr.: to quit the rs, ab signis 
discedere, Liv. 25, 20. r. and file (7. e. 
common soldiers), manipulares; Caes.: 
gregarii milites: Cic. ||], Class, order, 
dignity. 1, ordo (esp. of persons, 
forming a special class in the state): I 
met a person of my own condition and 
r., conveni quendam mei loci atque 
ordinis, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 3: men of every 
r. and age, homines omnium o. et om- 
nium aetatum, Cic.: the senatorial r., 
senatorius o., Cic.: the equestrian r., 
equester 0., Cic.: the most distinguished 
r. in the state, amplissimus ordo reipub- 
licae, Cic.: three hundred men of the 
two upper 7.s, trecenti utriusque o., 
Suet. Aug. 15. 2. locus (often, but 
not always, connected with birth): the 
highest r. in the state, summus locus 
civitatis, Cic. Clu. 55, 150: Caesar re- 
stored to him the x. of his ancestors, 
huic Caesar majorum locum restituit, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 25: of the lowest r. by 
birth, infimo loco natus, Cic. Fl. 11, 24: 
of the highest r. by birth, summo loco 
natus, Liv. 1, 34. 3. gradus, is, m. 
(elevation, degree): a man most worthy 
of the highest 7.s, omni g. amplissimo 
dignissimus, Cic. Fam. 6, 10: the highest 
r. of dignity, summus g. dignitatis, id. 
Planc. 13, 32: to hold the second 7. in 
the empire, secundum g. imperii tenere, 
Nep. Con. 3. 4, dignitas (implying 
positive elevation ; the preced. terms 
being neutral): to raise any one from @ 
low position to the highest 7., aliquem ex 
humili loco ad summam d. perducere, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 39: to make a person 
equal in r. to another, aliqnem cum ali- 
quo dignitate exaequare, Caes. B. C. 1, 
4: lo live in accordance with one’s r., pro 
d. vivere, Nep. Att. 2. 5, fastigium 
thigh r. or elevation): ther. of the dic- 
tatorship was always the higher dis- 
tinction, dictaturae semper altius f. fuit, 
Liv. 6, 38: to advance any one to royal 
r., ad regium f. evehere aliquem, Val. 
Max. 1,6,1. Phr.: a man of high r, 
of very high r., homo nobilis, nobilissi- 
mus, Cic. Join: nobilis et clarus; 
illustris et nobilis: honoratus et nobilis: 
Cic.: v. NOBLE. 
rank (v.): A, Trans.: I. 
Lit.: to place abreast or in a line: 
ordine ldco or colléco, 1: Vv. TO ARRANGE, 
Il. Fig.: to place in a particular 
class : 1, niiméro, 1: to r. any one 
in the first class, aliquem in primis n- 


RANK 


RAPE 





Gic. Verr. 3, 73, 170: let him be r’d| Also by phr.: pecuniae quibus aliqnid 


among men of stiong feelings, acres 
inter numeretur, Hor. S. 1, 3, 53. 2. 
habev, 2; esp. with in numero:  r. 
any one as an enemy, aliquem in hos- 
tium numero h., Caes. B. G. 1, 28: 
Phr.: to r. a person high, aliquem 
magni facere: v. TO ESTEEM. B, In- 
trans.: to be ranged, to be placed: ex- 
cd by passive of preceding verbs or 
y phr.: as, to r. among the impious and 
wicked, numero impiorum ac scelerato- 
rum haberi, Caes. B. G. 6, 13: tor. first, 
*primum locum habere, obtinere. 

rank (adj.): |. Luzuriant in 
growth : luxtridsus, luxiirians: v. LUX- 
URIANT. ||. Strong-smelling : 1 
gravis,e: Hor. Epod. 12, 5: Virg. G. 3, 
415: Plin. (who has the word in good 
sense = simply, strong). 2. graved- 
lens (poet.): Virg. Aen. 6, 201. 3. 
foetidus: Cic.: v. STINKING. 4. hir- 
cOsus: Pers. 3,77: Mart. The r. smell 
of the arm-pits, hircus, Cat. 71, 1: Hor. 

UI]. High or strong tasted: rancidus: 
Hor. S. 2, 2,89.  |V. Gross, coarse : 
turpis, indécorus: v. Gross. Vv. 
Strong in quality: Phr.: 7. poison, 
perh. merum venenum: 7. pride (Ad- 
dison), perb. atrox superbia et arro- 
gantia, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 54, 105: a 7. 
rogue, homo nequissimus omnium, id. 
Fam. 11, 21: homo flagitiosissimus ne- 
quissimusque, id. Verr. 2, 78, 192: a 
a a stultior stultissimo, Pl. Am. 3, 
2, 20. 

rankle: to fester, usu. fig. of the 
mind : 1. suppiro, 1, intrans.; with 
perf. part. suppuratus: deep seated and 
T.ing sorrow, gravis et suppurata tristi- 
tia, Sen. Ep 80,6. 2, exulcéro(trans. 
to make sore); rg grief, dolor exul- 
cerans, Plin. Ep. 1,12: their minds r.g 
with the disgrace, exulcerati ignominia 
animi, Liv. 9, 14. Pbr.: keeping her 
wrong for ever 7.g in her breast, aeter- 
num servans sub pectore vulnus, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 36. 

rankly: |. Luzuriantly: luxi- 
Tidse: Col. |], Offensively: rancidé: 
Gell. 

rankness: |. Lucuriant growth : 
luxtria, luxiiries: v. LUXURIANCE. |], 
Strong smell: gravedlentia: Plin. 

ransack: |. 1 plunder,pillage : 

1, diripio, ui, reptum, 3 (with open 
violence): my house was being r.’d and 
burnt, domus mea diripiebatur et arde- 
bat, Cic.in Sen. 7,18: v-TOPILLAGE. Q, 
dépéciilor, 1 (secretly and dishonestly) : 
he r.d many private houses, very many 
cities, and all the temples, multas domos, 
plurimas urbes, omnia fana depeculatus 
est, id. Verr. Act. 1,4, IL: V. TO PLUNDER, 
PILLAGE. 3. vexo, 1 (to use roughly 
and violently): the temple might seem 
to have been r.’d by barbarous robbers, 
aedes a barbaris praedonibus vexata esse 
videatur, Cic. Verr. 4, 55, init. ll. 
To search thoroughly : 1, scriitor, 1: 
to r. secret places, loca abdita scrutari, 
Sall. J. 12. 2, so comp. perscriitor, 
I (strengthened): to r. every hole and 
corner, loca omnia perscrutari, Liv.: to 
r. the woman’s caskets, arculus muliebres 
p., Cic. Off. 2, 7,25. 3, rimor, 1 (to pry 
about, rummage): the vulture 7.s the 
entrails for food, vultur viscera r. 
epulis, Virg. Aen. 6, 599: v. TO PRY. 

4. exquiro, sivi, situm, 3: to r. 
everything by sea and land to furnish 
luxuries for the table, vescundi causa 
terra marique omnia ex., Sall. J. 13. 
Join: scrutari et quaerere ; perscrutari 
et exquirere; investigare et perscru- 
tari: Cic. 

Transom (subs.) : 1, rédemptio: 
to bring gold for the r. of the girl, 
aurum pro r. puellae afferre, Val. Max. 
4, 3, 1: r. was refused to the prisoners, 
captivis r. negabatur, Liv. 265, 6. Be 
prétium (the money paid for the ran- 
som): to restore the prisoners without 
7r., captivos sine p. reddere, Liv.: to dis- 
miss all the prisoners without r., omnes 
captivos sine p. dimittere, Curt.: te pay 
the r. agreed upon for one’s life, pactum 
pro capite p. afferre, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107. 


redimitur, Suet. Caes. 4 

ransom (v.): rédimo, émi, emptum, 
3: to r. captives Jrom the enemy, cap- 
tivos ab bostibus r., Auct. Her. 1, 2, 2: 
to r. captives from slavery, captos e 
servitute r., Cic. Off. 2, 18,63: tor. those 
taken by the pirates, captos a praedoni- 
bus r., ib. 2, 16, 56. 

rant, ranting (subs.): 1. perh. 
bacchatio (prop. raving): cf. Cic. Br. 
80, 276 (bacchuri). , Sermo timi- 
dus: Liv. 45, 23. 8, oratio, quae 
turget et inflata est; or, oratio suffiata, 
Auct. Her.4, 10,15. 4, genusdicendi, 
quod tumore immodico turgescit; or, 


quod inanibus locis bacchatur, Quint, 12, | 


IO, 73. 5, ampullae: Hor.: v. Bom- 
BAST. 
rant (v.): — 1, bacchor, 1 (to rave, 


be frenzied): Join: furere et bacchari, 
Cie. Brut. 80, 276: cf. inanibus locis b., 
Quint. 12, 10, 73: of fanatic ranting, 
*fanatice bacchari. Q, expr. by cir- 
cuml., tiimidé s. tiimidissime dicére, 
ldqui, Sen.; véhementissime déclamare, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 66, 149. 
ranter: @ fanatic: expr. by fana- 
tice hari: v. TO RANT. 
ranunculus: @ plant: ranuncilus: 
Plin.:; Linn. 
rap (subs.): a smart blow. I. 
Lit.: 1. alapa (with flat hand): to 
give any one a7. (aslap), ducere gravem 
alapam alicui, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2: v. SLAP. 
9. ictus, is: v. STROKE. 3, tali- 
trum (a r. with the knuckles): Suet. 
Tib. 68. 4, pulsatio (ostii), a r. at 
the door: Pl. Bac. 4, 2, I. Il. Fig.: 
ar. on the knuckles, i.e. a slight re- 
proof: to give a person a7. on the 
knuckles, perh. verberare, with some 
qualifying adv. or pbr., e.g. impru- 
dentem s. necopinantem aliquem ver- 
berare, vulnerare, opprimere. 
rap (v.): 1, pulso; older form, 
pulto, 1 (esp. to rap at a door): tor. at 
the door, ostium, fores s. januam p., Ter. 
Ad. 4, 5, 3: id. Heaut. 2, 3, 34: Pl. Poen. 
3, 4,30: tor. at the house, aedes p., id. 
Most. 2, 1, 5,6: r. gently, placide pulta, 
id. Men. 1, 2, 65. 2. pello, pépili, 
pulsum, 3: tor. at the door, fores pellere, 
Ter. Ad. 4, 5,4: to give a loud r., fores 
graviter p., ib. 5, 3,2. Phr.: some one 
rd at the door (preparatory to coming 
out), concrepuit ostium, Ter. And. 4, 1, 
58: et passim (the phrase is used to de- 
note stitking the door inside, to warn 
those outside to step on one side, since 
the doors opened upon the street). 
rap out (v.): Phr.: to r. out an 
oath: *jusjurandum (impia verba) tem- 
ere proferre. 
rapacious: 1. rapax: stags, the 
prey of r. wolves, cervi, luporum praeda 
rapacium, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 10: you scoun- 
drels, you r. fellows, you vobbers, vos 
scelesti, vos rapaces, vos praedones, PI. 
Men. 5, 7, 26. Q. avidus: Cic.: v. 
GREEDY. (Also raptor may be used as 
adj., cf. L. G. § 598: r. wolves, raptores 
lupi, Virg. Aen. 2, 356: Ov.) 
rapacity: 1. ripacitas: Cic. 2, 
Aviditas: Cic. May often be expr. by 
Tapax : an animal of extreme r., animal 
rapacissimum: V. RAPACIOUS. 
rape: |. Carrying off, abduction : 
1, raptus, is: ther. of Ganymede, r. 
Ganymedis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, 71: the 1. of 
the maiden, r. virginis, id. Verr. 4, 48, 107. 
9. raptio: Ter. Ad. 3, 3,2. (Vona- 
tus remarks, “ Raptio ad personam re- 
fertur, raptus ad stuprum, si proprie 
volumus loqui.”) Il. Violence offered 
to chastity: 1, raptus, ts: Cic.: 
v. supr. 2. vis: in certain com- 
mon pbrr. v. infr. 3. vitium vir- 
ginis Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 55. Phr.: to 
commit a rape, alicui per vim vitium 
offerre, Ter. Ad. 3,2, 10; pudicitiae vim 
afferre, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 7; alicui vim 
afferre, Ov. A. A. 1, 679: per vim stu- 
prare aliquam, Liv. 1, 57; stuprum 
alicui per vim inferre, cf. Cic. Off. 3, 9, 
38; aliquam stupro violare, Tac. Ann. 
14, 31: virginitatem alicujus violare, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 23,59; expugnare pndici- 





RAREFY 





tiam alicujus, id. Coel. 20, 49; pudicitiam 
eripere alicui, id. Mil. 4, 9. Wl. 4 
species of turnip: 1. rapum: Varr.: 
*brassica rapa, Linn. Dimin. rapulum: 
Hor. S. 2, 2, 43. 2. rapina: Col. 11, 
2,71. Rape-seed, rapicinm semen, Cato 
R. KR. 134. IV. A division of the 
county of Sussex: *rapa, rapum v. Du 
Cange, s.vv. 

rapid: 1. rapidus (hurrying along 
and carrying things with it): ar. tor- 
rent, r. torrens, Virg. Aen. 2, 305: a r- 
river, r. ammnis, Hor. S. 1, 10,62: a very 
r. river, rapidissimum flumen, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 50: 7. horses, r. equi, Ov F. 5, 
592: Tr. poison, r. venenum, Tac. A. 12, 
67; r. virus, ib. 13,15. Fig.: ar. (im- 
petuous) speech, r. oratio, Cic. Fin. 2,1, 3. 

2. céler, Gris, e v. SWIFT. 3. 
citus, citatus: Vv. HURRIED. 

rapidity : ], céléritas (most usu. 
word) to travel with the r. of a Caesar, 
Caesarina uti celeritate, Cic Att 16, 10: 
r. in speaking, c. dicendi, id. FL 20, 48: 
practice will give r. in writing, celeri- 
tatem scribendi consuetudo dabit, Quint. 
10, 3, 9- Q. festinatio: v HURRY. 

3. rapiditas (of that which carries 
things away with it): the r. of a river, 
r. fluminis, Caes. B.C. 1, 62. 4, vé- 
lOcitas: Vv. SWIFTNESS, QUICKNESS. 

rapidly: rapidé, célériver, cito, vé- 
lociter: v. SWIFTLY, QUICKLY. 

Yapier: perh. pigio: v. DAGGER 
(Ensicilus, Pl. Rud. 4, 4, 112, appears 
to occur there only.) 

rapine: rapina to think of nothing 
but slaughter, fire, r., nihil cogitare, nisi 
caedes, nisi incendia, nisi r., Cic. Cat. 2, 
5, 10: V. PLUNDER. 

rapt (part. adj.): expr. by stiipeo, 
2: to listen with r. admiration to music, 
carminibus stupere, Hor. Od. 2, 13, 33: 
so of joy, gaudio stupere, Coel. in Quint. 
9, 3, 58. : : 

rapture: |. Rapturous joy: ani- 
Mus exsultans or gestiens laetitia, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 6, 13: gestientis animi elatio, 
id. Fin. 3, 10, 35. Phr.: to bein ar. 
of delight: gaudio efferri: laetitia ex- 
sultare; gaudiis exsultare: v. JOY, 
TRANSPORT. Il. 2#atreme pleasure : 
expr. by circuml, summa voluptas; 
suavissimus voluptatis sensus; voluptas 
gestiens (eager, excited enjoyment): Vv. 
PLEASURE. Phr.: to be inr.s (of plea- 
sure), summa [corporis, animi) voluptate 
incitatum teneri, cf. Cic. Sen. 12, 41. 


Il. Frenzy, ecstacy: furor: v. 
FRENZY, ECSTASY. 
rapturous: Phr.: to be ina state 


of r. delight, \aetitia efferri or exsultare, 
Cic.: v. RAPTURE (1.). 
rare: |. Scarce,uncommon: 1, 
rarus: in every art all that is best ts 
most r., in omni arte optimum quid- 
quid rarissimum, Cic. Fin. 2, 25, 81: 
r. things are preferred to common ones,, 
ante ponuntur rara vulgaribus, id. ‘Top. 
18,69: ar. and unusual thing, rarum 
et insolitum, Plin. Pan., 60: a rare 
bird (the peacock), rara avis, Hor. S., 
2, 2, 26: also used fig. to denote any- 
thing very rare, Juv. 6,165. 2, infré- 
quens: a 7. word, in. vocabulum, Gell. 
222. 3, Inisitatus: v. UNUSUAL, 
||. Eacellent : 1, rarus (not so 
in best age; and chiefly poet.): she was 
ar. girl, r. puella fuit, Prop. 1, 17, 16 
a work of r. art, artis opus rarae, Tib. 
2). 45°37: 2. eximius: (a woman) of 
r. beauty, eximiae pulcritudinis, Plin. 
3, singilaris, egrégius, praestans: v. 
REMARKABLE, EXCELLENT. lil. Tain: 
1, ténuis, e (fine, subtle): ar. atmo- 
sphere, t. aer, Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 42: ib. 2, 
15- 42. Q. rarus (with wide tnter- 
stices, not closely packed): Lucr. 2, 106: 
dense and r. places (Milton), *densa et 
rara locorum: Vv. THIN. IV. Thinly 
scattered (Milton): rarus: r. locks of 
hair, r. capillus, Suet. Cal 60. i 
Nearly raw (Dryden): succrtidus: Cat. 
rarefaction: exténuatio: r. of the 
air, ex. aéris, Sen. Q. N. 2,57. (N.B— 
“ Rarefactio”’ is not classical, thougb 
the verb “ rarefacio” is used by Lucr.) 
rarefy : 1, exténuo, 1: the rid 
639 


RARELY 


air is carried up aloft, but when con- 
densed it is gathered into clouds, aer 
extenuatus sublime fertur, concretus au- 
tem in nnbes cogitur, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 
ol, Q, raréfacio, 3 (rare; and hardly 
to be adopted): the heat loosens and r.’s 
all the earthen materials of the vessel, 
calor conlaxat rareque facit lateramina 
vasis, Lucr. 6, 233: the sun with his 
rays has r.’d the earth, sol radiis terram 
rarefecit, ib. 6, 870: it would avail no- 
thing for hot fire to be condensed or r.’d, 
nil prodesset calidum denserier ignem 
nec rarefieri, ib. 1,647. To become raie- 
fied: raresco, 3: the liquid of water 
becomes 1d by the heat of the sun, aquai 
humor rarescit ab aestu solis, ib. 6, 875. 
(Usu., better, extenuari.) 
rarely: 1, rard: wine is r. good 
for the sick, vinum aegrotis prodest r., 
Cic. N. D. 3,29, 69: more v., rarius : Cic. : 
very rarely: rarissime: Suet. Strength- 
ened, perraro: Cic. Join: insolenter 
et raro: Cic. 2. infréquens (adj. 
capable of quasi-adverbial use, cf. L. G., 
§ 343): Zam r. at Rome: sum Romae 
infrequens, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 4. 
rarity or rareness : |. Uncom- 
MONNESS : ], raritas: 7. of words, r. 
dictorum, Cic, de Or. 2, 60, 247. 
paucitas : Vv. FEWNESS. A rare 
thing: 1, raritas (late): rarities, ra- 
ritates, Gell, 3,16,9. Q. *resrara; res 
singularis s, eximia, quae raro occurrit. 
rascal: 1, scélestus: you r., sce- 
leste! Pi.: you arrant r., scelestissime, 
id. passim. Join: O scelestum atqne 
audacem hominem! Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 42. 
9. scélus, éris (abstract for concrete) : 
where is that r. who has ruined me? 
ubi illic est scelus qui me perdidit? ‘Ter. 
And. 3, 5, t. 8. furcifer ( gallows- 
bird): Ter.: Cic. Join: impudice, 
sceleste, verbero, bustirape, furciter, Pl. 
Ps. 1, 3, 127. 4, homo néquam, fia- 
gitidsus, etc.: Join: homo flagitiosis- 
simus, libidinosissimus, nequissimusque, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 78, 192. 5. flagitium 
(abstract for concrete): that r. of a fel- 
low! f. illud hominis, Pl. Cas. 2, 1, 8. 
6. verbéro (a fellow that has often 
been whipped): Pl.: Cic. 
rascality : |. Villainy: scélus or 
pl. scelera; miéalitia: Vv. WICKEDNESS, 
VILLAINY, KNAVERY. I]. Vile, mean 
people: the r. and lowest of the people 
(Louth), perditissima atque infima faex 
populi, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5; sordes urbis 
et faex, id. Att. 1, 16, 11: perniciosa 
sentina reipublicae, id. Cat. I, 5, 12. 
rascally (adj.): scélestus, flagitidsus, 
neéquam (of persons): Vv. RASCAL. 
rase: |. To strike on the surface, 
to graze (Shaks.): stringo, 3: v. TO 
GRAZE. |. Yo scratch out : Grado, 3: 
V.TO ERASE. |]. 70 level to the ground : 
Phr.: (urbem) aequare solo, Vell. 2, 
14; urbem funditus delere et tollere, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 36,79: id. Off. 1, £1, 35: to 
r. all the public and private buildings, 
publica privataque omnia tecta adae- 
quare solo, Liv. 1, 29. 
rash (adj.): |. Hasty in counsel 
or action (ot persons): 1, témérarius: 
vr. and inexperienced men, homines t. 
atque imperiti, Caes. B. G. 6, 20: Tam 
not sor. or daring, non sum tam t. nec 
audax, Mart. 4, 43, 2. Q. praeceps, 
cipitis (rushing headlong, precipitate) : 
r. in all counsels, omnibus consiliis p., 
Cic. Phil. 5, 13, 37: V. PRECIPITATE. 
8. inconsidératus: Join: levis 
atque inconsideratus, Cic. Div 2, 29, 59. 
4. inconsultus (like inconsideratus, 
less strong than Eng.): Join: (homo) 
inconsultus et temerarius, Cic. Deiot. 6, 
16. Il. Undertaken or uttered hastily 
(of things or words): 1, témérarius : 
ar. plan, t. consilium, Cic. Fam. 10, 21: 
r.and dangerous things, t. et periculosa, 
id. Caec, 12, 34: 7. valour, t. virtus, Ov. 
M. 8, 407: 7. wars, t. bella, id. M. 11, 13: 
passion, @ blind and r, ruler of the scul, 
eaeca ac t. dominatrix animi, cupiditas, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 2,2. 2, _praeceps, cipitis : 
ar. and hasty plan, p. consilium et 1m- 
maturum, Suet. Aug. 8: v. PRECIPITATE. 
3. inconsidératus, inconsultus: v- 
640 





RATE 


INCONSIDERATE, THOUGHTLESS. 4, ca- 
lidus (hot, hasty): dangerous andr. plans, 
periculosa et ¢. consilia (opp. to quieta 
et cogitata), Cic. Off. 1, 24, 32. 
rash (subs.): on the skin: éruptio, 
pustilae (pistilae): v. ERUPTION (II.). 
Ar. that comes out in the night, epinyc- 
tides, um: Plin. 20, 6, 21. 
rasher (subs.); perh. *lardi offiila. 
rashly: 1, témére (without think- 
ing, heedlessly) : Cic.: Caes.: Liv. 
inconsidératé : Cic. 3. inconsulté or 
-td, Cic.: Join: temere et fortuito, 
inconsiderate negligenterque [agere], Cic. 
Off. 1, 29, 1035 inconsulte ac temere, 
{dicere], id. N. D. 1, 16, 433; inconsulte 
et incaute [proelium committere]}, Liv. 
4, 37- 
rashness: 1, téméritas: every 
action ought to be free from r. and 
carelessness, omnis actio vacare debet 
temeritate et negligentia, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 
tor: he blames the r. and eagerness of 
the soldiers, t. cupiditatemque militum 
reprehendit, Caes. B. G. 7, 52: 7. ts cha- 
racteristic of youth, prudence of old age, 
t. est florentis aetatis, prudentia sene- 
scentis, Cic. Sen. 6,20: Join: temeritas 
atque inscitia; temeritas atque insci- 
entia, Liv.; multa temeritate [facere], 
sine judicio vel modo, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49. 
9. inconsidérantia (rare): Cic. 
rasp (subs.): a large file: scdbina: 
Pl. in Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 68: Plin. 11, 37, 
68 § 180. 
rasp (v.): scobina rado s. arrado: 
PL. in Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 68, Miiller. 
rasp-berry : |. The bush: ribus 
Idaeus: Plin. 24, 14, 75 § 123: Linn. 
Il. The fruit : perh. *morum Idaeum 
(cf. Plin. 15, 24, 27, ‘‘ mora nascuntur 
et in rubis;” Ov. M. 1, 105, “in duris 
haerentia mora rubetis;” though these 
mora are prob. blackberries). Raspberry- 
vinegar : *acetum e moris Idaeis para- 
tum s. confectum. 
rasure; litiira: v. ERASURE. 
at: J, mis, miris, c.: used by 
the ancients of the rat as well as the 
mouse: there are two species of rats in 
England: (1) the black rat : *mus rattus, 
Linn.; *mus domesticus major, Ray: 
(2) the brown or Norway rat: *mus de- 
cumanus, Pallas, Gmelin: *mus Norve- 
gicus, Brisson. To hunt rats: mures 
insectari: a water-rat, *mus aquaticus : 
a small rat, musculus, Cic.: of a vat, 
murinus, Plin.: a@ rat-catcher, muri- 
cidus, Pl: a@ rat-trap, muscipula or 
-pulum: vy. MOUSE-TRAP. Rat’s-bane, 
*arsenicum. Q, perb. sérex, icis: Ter. 
Eun. 5, 6, 23: Warr.: Plin.: of a vat, 
soricinus, Plaut. Prov.: J smell a 
rat, i.e. suspect some evil: aliquid 
mihi subolet, Pl. Ps. 1, 5, 7: Ter. Ph. 
3, I, Ie. 
rat (v.): to go over from one political 
party to another, ab pristina parte trans- 
fugere et ad florentem aliam devolare: 
cf. Cic. Quint. 29, 93. 
rate (subs.): |. Price or value: 
1, prétium: fo buy anything at a 
high r., aliquid impenso parare p., Caes. 
B. G. 4,2: pretioso pretio, Pl. Epid. 1, 2, 
17. Phr.: to buy at a high r. or low r., 
emere magno or parvo (without pretio) : 
v. L. G. § 316, Obs. 2: or with gen., 
to sell at a higher or lower r., vendere 
pluris or minoris: v. L. G. § 281: v. 
PRICE. 9, fénus, astra (rate of in- 
terest): V. INTEREST. |], A tax: census, 
vectigal, tribitum: v. Tax. [I], J/an- 
ner: modus: he resolved to accomplish 
his design at any 7., statuit quovis 
modo inceptum perficere, Sall. J. 11: 
so, quocunque modo, Hor.: v. MANNER. 
Phr.-: até any 7, utique: I should like 
you to send the panegyric of Varro and 
Lollius ; of Lollius at ony 7., Varronis 
et Lollii mittas laudationem; Lollii 
utique, Cic. Att. 13, 48: I wish to know 
that at any r., illud utique scire cupio, 
ib. 13, 13 to live at a great r., profusis 
sumtibus vivere, Cic. Quint. 30, 93: to 
sail at a great 7., plenissimis velis 
navigare, Nizol. Lex. Cic.: @ first-rate 
ship, * navis maximae formae. 
rate (v): = |. Vo value at a certain 





RATHER 


price: 1, taxo, 1: Varro r.s the Attic 
talent at 6000 denarii, talentum Atti- 
cum denariis sex millibus taxat, Plin. 
35, 11, 40 § 136. 9, aestimo, 1: v. 
TO ESTIMATE, VALUE. Phr.- tor any 
one highly, aliquem magni facere, Cic. 
Fam. 3, Io. I]. To tux: censeo, ui, 
sum, V. TO ASSESS, TAX. |], 70 chide, 
scold: incrépo, incrépito, objurgo, 1: v- 
TO CHIDE, SCOLD. 
rather: |. In preference : 

potius; with superl. potissimum (rather 
than any other, where more than two 
objects are compared): tell us r. the 
matter as it stands, rem potius ipsam 
dic, Ter. Andr. 5, 3, 2: 7. late than never, 
potius sero quam nunquam, Liv. 4, 2. 
he endured everything r. than declare. .., 
perpessus est omnia potius quam indi- 
caret (where ué is not used), Cic. Tnsc. 
2, 22, 52: Virginius slew his daughter 
rv. than she should be given up, occidit 
filiam potius quam ea dederetur, ib. 2, 
20, 66: also with ut: that they would 
die a thousand times r. than allow so 
great a disgrace to be incurred, se mil- 
lies morituros potius quam ut tantum 
dedecus admitti patiantur, Liv. 4, 2: 
their forefathers would encounter any- 
thing r. than suffer ... , Majores quam- 
libet dimicationem subituros fuisse po- 
tius quam. ..paterentur, Liv. 4, 2 (where 
ut is not used): which course of life of 
all they would r. follow, quem potissi- 
mum vitae cursum sequi vellent, Cic. 
Of. 35733, nt9- 2. citius (sooner, 
more readily): the Magnesians would 
r. maltreat their own bodies than break 
their alliance, Magnetas in corpora sua 
c. saevituros, quam ut Romanam ami- 
citiam violarent, Liv. 35, 31: also with- 
out ut: I would r. have broken off 
the old association than have formed 
a new one, ego c. veterem conjunc 
tionem diremissem, quam novam Ccon- 
ciliassem, Cic. Fam. 3, Io. 3, lib- 
entius (with the more pleasure, more 
gladly): so much the r. because ..., €0 1. 
quod...., Nep. Ages. 6: or if you 
would r. be called Janus, seu Jane lt. 
audis, Hor. S. 2, 6,20: 1 would r. speak 
of Scipio, de Scipione dicam L., Cic. Am. 
25. 4. prius (before something else; 
thus implying preference without di- 
rectly expressing it): the consuls were 
prepared to act as leaders against the 
wickedness of the citizens, 7. than 
against the arms of the enemy, consules 
paratos esse duces p. adversus scelus 
civium quam adversus hostium arma, 
Liv. 4,2: Gracchus would r. die by the 
severest death than that an executioner 
should stand in an assembly of his, 
moreretur p. acerbissima morte Grac- 
chus, quam in ejus contione carnifex 
consisteret, Cic. Rabir. 5, 15- 5. expr. 
to have rather or in preference, by malo, 
3, irr.: malo, IT had r. (pres. indic., 
usu. of things certain; pres. subj., of 
things uncertain ; imperf. subj., of things 
unattainable; see Zumpt, L. G. § 528; 
St. L. G. § 446, Obs.): I had much r. 
abide by my own judgment than...., 
meo judicio,.. stare multo m. quam om- 
nium reliquorum, Cic, Att. 12,21: Ihad 
much r. you should be safe, multo m. vos 
salvos esse, Liv. 3,68: those who had r. 
trust themselves to a reader, qui se lectori 
credere malunt, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 214: F 
would r. you had given me riches (i e., 
but have no hope of them), mallem 
divitias mihi dedisses, Cat.21, 4: /would 
r. take away (i. e., if Ihad the means), 
mallem auferre potius, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 14. 

||. With reference to a point of !act, 
more truly; with greater propriety of 
language: 1, magis: Tenvy not, Ir. 
admire, non equidem invideo, miror m., 
Virg. E. 1,11: passion is to be pardoned 
r. than indulged, irae ignoscendum m. 
quam indulgendum, Liv. 3, 53: the tri- 
bunate is to be wished for r. than ex- 
pected, optandus m. quam sperandus, id. 
4,15. 2, podtius: (Cato) a great, or r., 
a consummate and unique man, Magnus 
homo, vel p. summus et singularis vir, 
Cic. Br. 85, 293. 8. in lively con- 
versation, immo (imo), immo vero, immo 








RATIFICATION 





énimvéro, immo etiam: (on the contrary, 
yea r., correcting what has been said): 
oom she remember Mnesilochus?), r. 
she value him alone above every- 
thing, 1. unice unum plurimi pendit, 
Pl. Bac. 2, 2, 29: (is the cause not a good 
one?), nay r. it is excellent, i. optima, 
Cic. Att. 9, 3: (shall the son remain 
silent ?), yea r. will he entreat...., 
i. vero obsecrabit...., Cic. Off. 3, 23, 
go: year. on the contrary, immo edepol 
vero, Pl. Most. 3, 2, 79: (do you thus 
deceive this man?), yea 1. he deceives 
me, immo enimvero.... hic me decipit, 
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 43. 4. quin, quin 
etiam, quin immo (like preced., but used 
to carry on what has been said by the 
same speaker): 7. do I myself desire to 
take flight hence, quin hinc ipse evolare 
cupio, Cic. Fam. 7, 30: r. do you listen, 
q. tu audi, Pl. Bac. 2, 3, 42: yea 7. 
ought he to defend his father, q. etiam 
defendat patrem, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90: yea 
rT. when Caepio rose.. .he was cheered 
(contrary to the usual practice), q. immo 
consurgenti (Caepioni) ... . acclamatum 
est, Plin. Ep. 4, 9. (N.B.—Iin both I. 
and If. magis or potius is sometimes 
omitted, and quam alone used: e. g. 
he determined to engage v. than retreat, 
statuit congredi, quam refugere, Nep. 
Dat. 8: a silent woman is a jewel r. 
than a talkative, tacita bona est mulier, 
quam loquens, Pl. Rud. 4, 4, 70: r. let 
me live a widow than endure...., quin 
vidua vivam quam mores tuos perferam, 
Pl Merc. 5, 1, 26. But this idiom is 
better not imitated.) Phr-.: so far ts 
this from being the case that r....., 
tantum abest ut..., ut..., Cic. Am. 14, 
51: if that is alawandnot r...., siilla 
lex est, ac non...., Auct. dom. 50, 128: 
so that you would call him a guide r. 
than a companin, ut ducem non comi- 
tem diceres, Cic. Am. 25, 96. Ill. 27 
some degree ; considerably : 1. expr. 
by comp. adj. or adv.: r. slow, tardior, 
Cie. Sen. 6,20: a r. severe judge, judex 
durior, id. Fin. 2, 19, 62: this man lives 
r. frugally, parcius hic vivit, ib. 49. 
2. use verb, adj., or adv., compounded 
with sub: J was r. ashamed, eorum me 
subpudebat, Cic. Fam. 9, 1: 2. disre- 
Spectfully, subcontumeliose, Cic. Att. 2, 
73; T- angry, subiratus, Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 
2: r. obscure, subobscnrus, id. Br. 27, 
: ©. high meat, caro subrancida, id. 
in Pis. 27,67. 3, paulo(alittle ; usw. 
with comparatives): r. earlier than the 
season required, maturius p. quam tem- 
pus anni postulabat, Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 54: 
he wiil use this ornament r. more freely 
-..-, hoc ornamento liberius p. quam 
ceteris utetur, Cic. Or. 24,82: r. too far, 
p. longius, Caes. B. G. 2,20: I know that 
r. more men in the senate are ill-natured 
than grateful, cognovi p. plures... 
malevolos esse quam gratos, Cic. ad 
Brut. 1, 15, med.: when he drinks r. too 
much, ubi adbibit plus p., Ter. Heaut. 2, 
I, 8: if one (damsel) is 7. stouter (than 
the rest), si qua est habitior p., Ter. Eun. 
2, 3, 23: T. higher in rank than a private 
man, p. amplius quam privatus, Cic. 
Verr, Act. 1, 13, 37: r. more than 200 
paces from the camp, p. plus ducentos 
a castris Romanis, Liv. 31, 34: 


passus 
to be absent from home r.longer (than | f 


usual), ab domo p. diutins abesse, Liv. 5, 
4- . aliquantum, aliquanto (consider- 
ably, a good deal ; expressing more than 
paulo}: the form aliquanto being used 
only with comparatives: a form. larger 
and more majestic than that of a man, 
forma aliquantum amplior augustior- 
que humana, Liv. 1, 7: his brother is r. 
more eagerly set on the object, ejus frater 
aliquantum ad rem est avidior, ‘ler, Eun. 
I, 2, 51: perhaps he was r. more severe 
than he liked, tortasse aliquanto iniquior 
erat praeter ejus libidinem, Ter. Heaut. 


52, 27. 
ratification: 1, expr. by ratum 
ficio: Vv. TO RATIFY. sanctio 


(formal enactment): the r. of a treaty, 
s. foederis, Cic. Balb. 16, 36. 3, only of 
a private agreement, ratibaDitio (late) : 
Jul. Dig. 3, 5, 5: 7. is compared to a 


RATION 


positive command, r. mandato com- 
paratur, Ulp. ib. 46, 3, 12. 

ratify: 1, expr. by ratus (con- 
Sirmed, valid), with a verb; as, habeu, 
duco, facio, etc.: tor.a judgment, ratum 
habere judicium, Cic. Part. 36, 125: he 
would not treat as deserters those who 
did not regard the alliance as r.’d, non 
pro transfugis habiturum, qui non dux- 
erint societatem ratam, Liv. 27, 17: 
may each deity +. your prayers, efficiant 
ratas utraque Diva pfeces, Ov. Fast. 1, 
696: he r.’d it by the waters of Styz, 
ratum Stygii per flumina fratris annuit, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 104: that ought not to be 
rd which was done by violence, non 
debtit ratum esse quod erat actum per 
vim, Cic. Off. 3, 30, 110: the father r/d 
the prayers of the son, parens nati rata 
vota.... fecit, Ov. Met. 4, 387: what a 
Sather approved is r.’d (stands good), 

-.+tf he approves not, rt is not rd 
(annulled), quod paterfamilias ....ap- 
probavit, ratum est; quod eo insciente 
factum est, si is non approbat, ratum 
non est, Cic. Fin. 2,20, 50. 2, apprébo, 
comprobo, 1 (to approve and establish) : 
custom would not have r.’d that saying 
without reason, neque enim illud verbum 
temere consuetudo approbavisset, Cic. 
Div. 1, 31, 65: this treaty which the 
Roman people ....7.8, hoc foedus, quod 
P. R. auctore senatu....comprobat, 
Cic. Balb. 15, 35. 8, sancio, xi and 
ivi, ctum and citum, 4 (to enact and 
confirm solemnly or formally): the 
Sather who r.’s treaties by his lightning, 
genitor, qui foedera fulmine s., Virg. Aen. 
12, 200. nothing can be inviolable which 
is not r/d by the people, sacrosanctum 
esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus 
plebesve sanxisset, Cic. Balb. 14, 33: 
Antony was canvassing the veterans, 
to get them to r. the acts of Caesar, 
Antonius circumibat veteranos, ut acta 
Caesaris sancirent, ....{ut rata omnes 
haberent], Cic. Att. 14, 21. 4, con- 
firmo, 1 (to establish surely and in- 
violably): to r. peace with the nearest 
states, pacem cum proximis civitatibus 
c., Caes. B. G. 1, 3: so, decreta c., Nep. 


Phoc. 3. Join: confirmare et com- 
probare, Cic. Att. 16, 16, D. 
rating : |. Of property: ik 


taxatio: we made a r. of that business, 
ejus rei t. nos fecimus, Cic. Tull. fr. 4: 
(@ table valued) at the +. of an estate, 
latifundii taxatione, Plin. N. H. 13, 15, 
29 § 92: to serve as ar., t. vicem ob- 
tinere, Dig. 33, 6, 5. 2. aestimatio 
(valuation) : the r. of corn, frumenti a., 
Liv. 43, 2: Cic. Verr. 3, 91, 213: ther. 
of the censors’ list, a. census, Cic. Par. 
Ges Il. Scolding. 1. convicium 
(loud outcry): Cic. Att. 2, 18. ns 
objurgatio (scolding): ib. 3, 10. 
ratio: Vv. PROPORTION. 
ratiocination; ritidcinatio: v.REA- 
SONING. 
ratiocinative 
rationator § Inv. 1,13, 17 (ex eo 
quod scriptum est, aliud, quod non scrip- 
tum est inveniri, ratiocinativum genus 
.--nominamus). Join: ratiocinativa 
pumne collectiva [quaestio], Quint. 7, 1, 


ration : |. A fixed portion of 
ood or drink given to slaves. 1. de- 
mensum (dimensum), sc. frumentum: 
Ter. Ph. 1, 1, 9: Pl.: by analogy, he 
restored to the senators their 7., sena- 
toribus....dimensum restituit, Ael. 
Spart. Hadr. 7. 2. diarium ; also pl. 
diaria, orum: Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 40; the 
servants demand their rs, pueri diaria 
poscunt, Mart. 11, 109, 3. 8, diurnus 
cibus or victus: by defrauding the 
slaves of a portion of thew daily r., 
fraudando parte d. cibi servitia, Liv. 4, 
12: prevented from seeking their daily 
r., diurnum victum prohibiti quaerere, 
Suet. Ner. 36: also with subs. under- 
stood, Sen. Ep. 80, 8. I]. Soldiers’ 
provisions : 1, cibaria, orum: cooked 
r.s for 10 days, decem dierum cocta 
c., Liv. 21, 49: 7.8 for 17 days, ciba- 
ria decem et septem (dierum), Ael. 
Lampr. Sev. 47 2 meton. annodma : 
2 


RATTLE 


he gave rs to the orators, oratoribm: 
annonas dedit, Ael. Lampr. ib. 44: ra 
Jor 17 days, annona decem dierum et 
septem, Amm. Marc. 17, 9: also pl. (he 
$0 arranged the soldiers) that they might 
receive their rations in their barracics, 
ut in mansionibus annonas acciperent, 
Ael. Lampr. Sev. 47. Phr.: receiving 
public r.s, alimentariae (puellae): Capit. 
Anton. Pi. 8. Phr.: double rs, duplex 
frumentum, Liv. 7, 37. 
rational: |. Possessing reason : 
1, expr. by ratio, mens, Animus, 
under government of an adj.: e.g. ra- 
tionis particeps (opp. expers), Cic. Off. 1, 
4, 11: cf. Leg. 2, 7,16: animo praeditus, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 18. So with a verb, to 
be r., rationem habere, ib. 3, 10, 26, and 
Leg.Lec. Q, ratidnalis, e, late: all ani- 
mals are either r. or irrational, omnia 
animalia aut r. aut irrationalia, Sen. Ep. 
113, 14: Quint. 8,6,13. 3, intelligens, 
ntis (denoting something more than pre- 
cedd., and implying the active exercise of 
Teas) : VY. INTELLIGENT. Phr.: to be 
conscious and r., seutire atque intelii- 
gere, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 29. I]. Agree- 
able to reason: 1, consentaneus (lit. 
agreeable ; i.e. to reason): it is r. (to 
suppose) that they are possessed of sense 
and understanding, c. est in iis sensum 
inesse et intelligentiam, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 
42. 2. probabilis, e (that commends 
itself to one’s judgment): that of which 
ar. account may be given, cuyus p. ratio 
reddi potest, Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 58. 5. 
expr. to be r., by convénio, véni, 4 (to 
agree, hold together): it is by no means 
r., minime convenit, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66. 
CN. B.— Rationabilis occurs in both 
senses, viz. 1. and II., but is late and 
rare.) 
rationalism: |. Theary founded 
on reason (in good sense), rationalis 
disciplina, Cels. 1, prooem. 24. Il, In 
bad sense. eorum opinio qui hominum 
ratione omnia comprehendi censent, see 
Cic. Tim. 2, 3. (But as phil. ¢. ¢. *ra- 
tionalismus [qui dicitur, fertur] may be 
necessary.) 
rationalist : is qui omnia ratione 
humana comprehendi censet: v. RATIO- 
NALISM. (Perh. as phil. ¢. ¢., the Ra- 
tionalists, * Rationales, qui dicuntur.) 
rationality: 1. ratio: v. REASON, 
2. sanitas (soundness of mind or 
body): it deprives the mind of r., sani- 
tate spoliat animum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 10, 
23.  (Rationalitas, rationabilitas, late 
and to be avoided.) 
rationally : 1, ratione (modal 
abl.): you have acted r. in shutting 
yourself up at home, quod domi te in- 
clusisti, r. fecisti, Cic. Att. 12, 44: be 
assured that Naevius has done every- 
thing at Rome properly and r., exis- 
tima...modo et r. omnia Romae Nae- 
vium fecisse, id. Quint. 7, 28. 2. 
sané (in a sober and sensible manner) : 
I shall revel not more r. than the Edoni, 
non ego sanius bacchabor Edonis, Hor. 
Od. 2, 7,26. (In prose, however, sane is 
usu. adv. of affirmation, indeed, truly.> 
3, sapienter: v. WISELY. (Iiatio- 
naliter, rationabiliter, late and to be 
avoided, except perh. in philos. lang.) 
ratline; naval term: gradus sca- 
larum (or simply, scalae) quibus ad 
malos ascenditur, cf. Cic. Sen. 6, 17 ; and 
Dict. Antiq. p. 787. : 
rattle (subs.) : |. A rattling 
noise : 1, crépitus, is (any brisk, 
sharp noise): r. of metal, c. aeris, Liv. 
43, 10; of arms, armorum c., id. 38, 1%, 
init. : used to denote a clap of thunder, 
Pi. Amph. 5, 1, 11. 2, strépitus, as 
(a harsh loud noise or din): r. of 
wheels, s. rotarum, Caes. B. G. 4, 333 of 
doors, valvarum s., Hor. Sat. 2, 6, 112 
3, sdnitus, is (most gen. term): v. 
SOUND, NOISE. . fragor, Oris: v. 
CRASH. ||. A kind of toy, children’s 
TS: 1, crépltaciilum, Lucr. 3,230: to 
make a sound like a r., sonum reddere 
paene puerilium c., Quint.9,4,66. 2, 
crétilum (used in certain noisy rites): 
cymbals and r.s, cymbala ac c., Cic. in 
Pis. 9, 20. to make a din weir ago 
I 


RATTLE 





and r.s, cymbalis et crotalis personare, 
Ap. Met. 8, 24, 212 (Elm.). 

Yattle (v.): |, Lit: 1, crépo, 
ui, Itum, 1 (to make acraciliny, rattling, 
or other like noise): of applause, Hor. 
Od. 2, 17, 26: populus (crepuit sonum) : 
of thunder, Ov. Fast. 2, 501 (nubes cre- 
puere sinistrae). Comps. (1) concrépo, 
I (or. together, clash together), Liv. 28, 
29. (2) incrépo, 1 (to r. against), Virg. 
Aen. 12, 332. 2. Jrequent, crépito, 1: 
ring cymbals, crepitantia aera, Virg. G. 
4, 151: so of hail, Virg. Aen. 5, 458, 
nimbi grandine culminibus crepitant. 

8. sono, ui, itum, I (gen. term) : 


Vv. TO SOUND, RESOUND. 4, strépo, 
ui, itum, 3 (40 make a loud harsh 
noise): ¥. NOISE (to make). ll. Fig. 
to r. away (of a chatterer): 1, gar- 


rio, 4: Hor. Sat. 1, 9, 13. 
1: ib. 2, 7, 35: V. TO PRATE. 
rattler: i. e. fast talker: blatéro, 
garritor: Vv. CHATTERER, PRATER. 
rattlesnake: *crotalus horridus 
Eng. Cycl. 
rattling (subs.): crépitus: v. RAT- 
TLE (subs.). 
rattling (adj.): Phr.: ar. fellow, 
Atéro (Vv. RATTLER): @ 7. dose of me- 
dicine, nimis valens medicamentum, 
Cels. 1, 3. 
ravage (v.): 1, vasto, 1: to 7. 
with fire and sword, agros ferro 
ignique v., Liv. 3, 68: also absol., for the 
purpose of r.ing, vastandi causa, Caes. 
B G. 5, 19. Comps. (1) évasto, 1 (to 
destroy by ring): Liv. 8, 37 (Samnium 
evastatum). (2), pervasto, 1 (fo r. 
greatly): Liv. 8, 37. populor, 
less freq. popilo (populor most com- 
mon) (not implying such wholesale de- 
struction as preced.): the weevil r.s @ 
huge heap of grain, populat (poet.) 
ingentem farris acervum curculio, Virg. 
G. 1, 185: he r.d the fields by night, 
noctu populabatur agros, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 
33: provinces r.d, populatae provinciae, 
Cic. Caec. 3,7. The strengthened part. 
form occurs, populabundus, engaged in 
ravaging: Liv. 1, 15. Comp. (1) dépo- 
pulor, 1 (strengthened from simple verb): 
Liv. 33,22: Caes. B. G. 7,77 (depopulata 
Gallia). (2) perpopulor, 1 (to r. greatly): 
Liv. 22, 9 (perpopulato agro): ib. 34, 
28 (perpopulatus omnia loca). (N.B.— 
Neither the simple verb nor the comps. 
should be used pass. except in p. part.) 
3. rapio, diripio, 3: V. TO PILLAGE, 
PLUNDER. 4. vexo, 1 (to treat with 
all outrage, pillage and ransack): v. TO 
RANSACK (I., 3). y 
ravage, ravaging (subs.): 1. 
popilatio: the 7s of passers by, popu- 
lationes praetereuntium viatorum, Col. 
1, 5, 73 of birds, volucrum, id. 3, 21, 
5: he made extensive 7.s, populationem 
effuse fecit, Liv. 2, 64: Caesar thought 
tt enough to prevent the enemy from 
making r.s, Caesar satis habebat, hostem 
populationibus prohibere, Caes. B. G. 1, 
15. Strengthened; dépopulatio, Auct. 
pro dom. 58, 146. 2, vastatio, vas- 
titas (the former denoting the act, the 
latter the state resulting from it): v. 
DEVASTATION. 3, rapina, vexatio: v. 
PLUNDER, PILLAGE. 
ravager : 1, popilator, fem. 
populatrix: r.s of our fields, populatores 
agrorum nostrorum, Liv. 3, 68: <Atrides 
r.of Troy, Trojae p. Atrides, Ov. Met. 
13, 655. (Also the imperf. part. of 
populor, depopulor may be used subs. 
in pl.: cf. L. G. § 638.) 9. vastator : 
Ov. Met. 9. 192 (Arcadiae vastator aper). 
3, direptor: v. PLUNDERER, PIL- 
LAGER. 
ravaging (subs.): v. RAVAGE. 
ravaging (part. adj.): populator, /. 
-trix (v. RAVAGER); and in apposition, 
but rarely as attrib. adj. populabundus. 
rave: 1, ftro, 3 (lit. to be mad): 
Join: furere et bacchari (of orators), 
Cic. Br. 80, 276: to r. (be frantic) with 
grief, f. luctu, id. de Or. 2, 46, 193. 
2. saevio, 4 (with fury and exas- 
peration) : cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 2995 saevit 
inops animi (of Dido). 8, bacchor, 1 


9. blatéro, 


(to revel wildly): the prophetess r.s in 


642 





RAVISH 


RAY 





the cave, in antro b. vates, ib. 6, 78: 
Hor. Od. 2, 9, 27. 4. insanio, 4 (to 
be out of one’s sober senses): V. MAD, 
TO BE. 

ravel: |. In old usage, to un- 
twist: rétexo, ui, xtum, 3: like Pene- 
lope, r.g her web, quasi P. telam re- 
texens, Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 95: the web r.d 
secretly at night, nocturno tela retexta 
dolo, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 30 (ef. Prop. 2, 7, 445 
nocturno solvens texta diurna dolo : “ the 
night still ravelled what the day re- 
newed,” Pope, Hom. Od. 19, 150): Vv. 
UNRAVEL. Il. Yo entangle: implico, 
etc.: v. TO ENIWINE, ENTANGLE. 

ravelin: mil. term: perh. propug- 
naculum, prominens munimentum, mu- 
nimen, muro ipsi urbis praepositum : cf. 
Plin. 11, 37, 56. 

raven: corvus: black as a r., niger 
tanquam c., Petron. 43, 7, et pass. 
Phr.: r.-black, coracinus color, Vitr. 
8, 3, med,: to be hoarse as a 7., voce 
coracinare, Isid. Orig. 12, 43. The night- 
r. or heron, nycticorax, Isid. 12, 41. 

raven or ravin (v.): saevio, fiiro: 
v. TO RAGE. 

ravening, ravenous: 1. rapax 
(that is wont to seize upon prey): the 
prey of r. wolves, luporum praeda r., 
Hor. Od. 4, 4, 50: so, rapax ignis, Ov. 
Met. 8, 837: cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 421. 2. 
rabidus (mad, raging): cf. Virg. l. c., 
fame rabida tria guttura pandens (of 
Cerberus). 3, é@dax (preying on, 
devouring): Vv. DEVOURING. : 
vorax: v. voracious. Phr.: 7. wolves, 
raptores lupi, Virg. Aen. 2, 356: a 7. 
appetite, profunda gula, Suet. Vit. 13: 
so, ingluvies, Eutr. 7, 18, (12): Hor. 
Sat. 1, 2, 8: cf. improba ventris rabies 
(a phrase denoting the eager natural 
appetite; whereas, gula, ingluvies, usu. 
denote gluttony), Virg. Aen. 2, 357. 

ravenously : voraciter: v. VORA- 
ciousty. Phr.: fo be r hungry, avide 
esurire, Plin. 17, 2, 2 § 123; *aviditate 
edendi flagrare: v. HUNGRY, TO BE. 

ravenousness : |. Of appetite : 
voracitas, édacitas ; v. VORACITY, GLUT- 
TONY. |, Fverceness of beasts of prey: 
saevitia, rapacitas: V. FIERCENESS, RA- 
PACITY. 

ravine: vallis praerupta, Hirt. Alex. 
94. Simly., vallis arcta (a narrow defile), 
Liv. 29, 323 also, vallis cava, Liv. 44. 5: 
V. PASS, DEFILE. 

raving (adj.): furidsus, fiirens, vé- 
sanus, insanus, etc.: v. MAD, RAGING. 
To be vr. mad, plane furere: v. MAD, 
TO BE. 

raving (subs.): fiiror, rabies; or if 
the reference be to language, convicium 
furiosum: v. MAD, MADNESS, Phr.: 
cease your r., *desine insanire! aufer 
ista insana verba ! 

ravingly ; ribidsé, insané: v. MADLY. 

ravish : |. To carry off: 1, 
rapio, ui, ptum, 3: he wins the rd 
prey, rapto potitur, Virg, Aen. 4, 217: 
everything sounds with lamentations 
of women and children who are r’d 
and carried off, omnia... . mulierum 
puerorumque qui rapiuntur atque aspor- 
tantur ploratibus sonant, Liv. 29, 17. 
So, comp. abripio, 3: Cic. 9. abstriho 
xi, ctum, 3: to 7. from a mother’s em- 
brace, de matris complexu... . favellere 
atque]a.,Cic. Font. 17, 36. 3, abdico, 
xi, ctum, 3: the daughter of Isidorus 
rd by force, Isidori filia vi abducta, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 34, 78: V. TO CARRY OFF. 

I]. Zo dishonour : 1, stupro, r: 

Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64: et pass. In same 
sense, constupro, I: matronas, virgines, 
Liv. 29, 17. 2. vitio, 1: Ter. Eun. 4, 
4, 37 (virginem v.). So, virgini vitium 
per vim offerre, id. Ad. 3, I, 9. 3. 
expr. by phr. pudicitiam expugnare, 
Cic. Coel. 20, 49; p. imminuere, PL. Cist. 
I, I, 89. Also, comprimere, polluere, 
may be used, with some such pbhr, as, 
per vim, invitam (reluctantem, sc. mu- 
lierem) ; but alone they do not exclude 
the notion of consent on the other part. 
Phr.: endeavouring to r., virginitatem 
violare conantem, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 59: 
suddenly rd, subita Veneris violata 








rapina, Ov. A. A. 1, 675. / hoebe was 
rd, vim passa est Phoebe, Ov. A. A. 1, 
679. Il. Zo delight intensely, rapio, 
3: Vulg. Judith xvi. 11: but usu. pass. 
Phr.: r.’d with delight, dulcedine laetae 
(aves), Virg. G. 4, §5: to be rd by the 
charms of song, carminibus stupere, 
Hor. Od. 2, 13, 33: to be 7d with joy, 
summa laetitia efferri; laetitia per- 
fundi: v. TO TRANSPORT, CHARM; also, 
RAPTURE, ENRAPTURED. 
ravisher: 1. raptor: Tityos the r., 
Tityos r., Hor. Od. 4, 6, 2: r. of my 
daughter, r. filiae meae, Tac, A. 1, 58. 
2. stuprator, Quint. 4, 2, 69: Suet. 
Dom. 8. 3, corruptor, Suet. 1. c. 
ravishing (adj.): nearest words, 
suavis, dulcis, Amabilis: ef. Hor. Od. 2, 
2, 38, dulci laborum decipitur sono, he 
ts beguiled of his toils by the r. sound. 
Or expr. by circuml., which is the only 
way adequately to represent Eng.: how 
r. was the sight! *quant& haec visa 
oculos dulcedine capiebant ! quanta lae- 
titia sensus complebant, efferebant ! 
ravishment: |. Abduction, viola- 


tion: raptus, raptio: v. RAPE. ll. 
Intense delight : v. RAPTURE. 
raw (adj.): |. Not cooked : al 


cradus: 1, cabbage, brassica c., Varr 
R. R. 157: opp. to coctus (cooked), Pl. 
Aul. 3, 2, 16. 2. incoctus: do not 
give me r. victuals, ne mihi incocta 
detis, Pl. Pers. 1, 3, 13: he will not 
bring out r. food, incoctum non ex- 
promet, bene coctum dabit, Pl. Mil. 2, 
Zug: 3. partly raw, half-dressed : 
subcridus ees Vv. HALF-COOKED, 
PARBOILED. So also, sémicriidus: Suet, 
Aug. I (semicruda exta); and, semi- 
coctus, Col. 8, 5, 2; (of barley, hordeum 
semicoctum). |], Of wounds, wnhealed 
and exposed: cridus: r. wounds, vul- 
nera c., Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 19. To become r. 
and break out again, recrudescere (fig.), 
Cic. Fam. 4, 6; r. places, attritae partes, 
Plin. 24, 1, 28: v. TO GALL. Il]. ot 
worked or manufactured: 1, cradus: 
r. hemp, spartum c., hoc est, non mal- 
leatum, Col. 12, 19: 7. pitch, pix c., id. 
12, 207 r. juice of pine, flos c. resinae, 
Plin. N. H. 16, 11, 22. 2. riidis, 2 (in 
its rough natural state; unwrought): 
rT. ore of copper, aes r., Plin. N. H. 33, 
3, 13.8 3. infectus (poet.): stores 
of gold, coined or not coined, auri pon- 
dera facti infectique, Virg. Aen. 10, 427. 
IV, Inexperienced : , Tidis, ¢ 
(untrained) : take meas ar. pupil, rudem 
me discipulum et integrum accipe, Cic. 
N. D. 3, 3,1: 7. in military matters, r. 
agminum, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 9: ef. Liv. 24, 
48, r. ad pedestria bella Numidarum 
gens: absol., r. puer, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 54. 
2. tiro (a new soldier, a raw re- 

cruit): you will fight with an army of 
r. recruits, pugnabitis cum exercitu 
tirone, Liv. 21,43. in apposition, tirones 
mnilites, Cic. Ph. 11, 15, 39. 3. impé- 
Titus: r. im speaking, i. dicendi, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 44,175. VY. Rough, unfinished: 
cridus: 7. verses, c. versus, Pers. 1, 92: 
Vv. ROUGH, RUGGED, VI. Unmized ; 
of wine: mérus: he swallows greedily 
r. (i.e. neat) wine, ingurgitat merum 
avariter, Pl. Curc. 1, 2, 39. Vil. Of 
weather; chilly and damp: frigidum et 
humidum (coelum). cf. Piin. Ep. 5, 6, 
tntt. 

raw (subs.): i.e. a sore place: 
Prov., to touch any one on the r., 
*vulnus adhuc crudum attingere, vulneri 
crudo manus admovere. 

raw-boned: strigosus: Liv. 27, 47. 

hr.: they are so raw-b., vix ossibus 
haerent, Virg. Ecl. 3, 102. 

ray: |. Of light: 1, radius 
7.8 of the sun, solis radii, Lucr. 2, 114: 
the r.s and light of the sun, r. (solis) 
et lumen, Cic. N. D. 2, 40,103. Dimin 
radiolus (a little r., gust one r.), Amm. 
28, 4, med. Having or emitting r.s, 
radiatus: v.RADIANT. Q, juubar (bright 
radiance): v. SUNBEAM. 8. poet.: 
ictus, is (a ray of the sun as striking 
and piercing): the laurel will shut out 
the scorching r.s, spissa ramis laurea 
fervidos excludet i., Hor. Od. 2, 15, ® 


RAZE 


{I. 4 fish so called: raia: Plin. N. H. 
} 24, 40. 
Taze : 5ee KASE. 
razor: |. Yor shaving: novacila 
Liv. 1, 36. (Culter tonsorius, cultellus 
tonsoris, are too indetinite, and may 
denote any kind of barber’s knife or 
shears; it being the custom to clip the 
beard before shaving with a razor was 
invented.) Phr.: let not the r. duface 
the hair, nec male detormet tonsura 
eapillos, Ov. Am 1, 517: sometumes to 
use scissors, and sometimes to shave the 
beard, modo tondere modo radere bar- 
bam, Suet. Aug. 79. _ ||, A fish: nova- 
cula piscis, Plin. it ING 325125153 
reach (v.): A, intrans.: To 
: 1, periineo, ui,2 (the Bel- 
gar) r. to the lower part of the Rhine, 
pertinent ad inferiorem partem fluminis> 
Rheni, Caes. B. G. 1, 1° the wind-pipe 
r.ing to the lungs, aspera arteria ad pul- 
monem usque ... pertinens, Plin. 11, 37. 
66 cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136: (Arabia) 
r.s to the Red Sea, ad rubrum mare p., 
Mela, 1, Io. 2. attineo, 2 (less freq. 
in this sense): (the Scythians) r. to the 
Don, ad Tanaim attinent, Curt. 6, 2, 13. 
8. attingo, tigi, tectum, 3 (to border 
on): where Africa r.s to the viver (Nile), 
qua Africa ad fluvium a., Mela, 1,4: the 
best authors use no prep. : (the Ubii) r. 
to the Rhine, Rhenum attingunt, Caes. 
B. G. 4, 3. 4, tendo, tétendi, tentum 
and sum, 3 (esp. in a@ straight course) : 
the gullet r.s to the stomach, haec (gula) 
t. ad stomachum, Plin. 11, 37, 66. 5, 
porrigor, rectus, 3 (to stretch out and 
extend): the Germans r. to the Sarma- 
tians, Germani ad Sarmatas p., Mela, 1, 
3° (Rhodope), raing to the midst of the 
sea region, medium porrecta subaxem, 
irg. G. 3, 351. 6. piiteo, 2: v. To 
EXTEND. Phr.: as far as our under- 
standing 7.s, quod ad nostram intelli- 
gentiam cadit, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 17: beyond 
where the uneducated can r., ab imperi- 
torum intelligentia disjunctum, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 3, 12: lt your sowing-time r. 
even to the frosts, ad medias sementem 
extende pruinas, Virg. G. 1, 230: as far 
as the eye can r., quo longissime con- 
spectum oculi ferunt, Liv. 1, 18: wherever 
the eye can r., qua notes oculis, Ov Fast. 
2, 378: he surveys the sea as far as the 
eye can r., prospectum late pelago petit, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 181. B, Trans.: I. 
To touch by reaching ; to come to: 
1, attingo, 3: too high for (the horse) 
to r. the ground with his feet, altius 
quam ut terram posset attingere, Nep. 
Eum. 5: when first you r.’d Asia, ut 
primum Asiam attigisti, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 8. 
2. contingo, 3 (usu. to gain some 
good): to r. the branches from the 
ground, a terra contingere ramos, Virg. 
E. 8, 40: so that they might r. the 
enemy from so great a height, ut ex 
tanta altitudine c. hostem possent, Liv. 
38, 40. 8, adipi-cor, Adeptus, 3 (to 
attuin to): (old age) which all desire to 
r., quam ut adipiscantur, omnes optant, 
Cic. Seni. 2,4: v. TO OBTAIN, ATTAIN. (The 
simple verb, apiscor, is rare: it occurs 
Cic. Att. 8, 14, maris apiscendi causa. for 
the sake of r.g the sea.) 4, appro- 
Pinqno, 1: v.TO APPROACH. 5, cipio, 
cépi, captum, 3: (esp. used of reaching 
@ harbour or other place by sea): they 
could not r. the istand, insulam c. non 
potuerunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 26, extr.: the 
Veientian war did not r. its conclusion, 
non ante cepit finem, Liv. 5, 51. Simi- 
larly, cipesso, ivi itum, 3 (to endeavour 
to r., make for): the lots bade us en- 
deavour to rv. Italy, ltaliam . . . juasere 
capessere sortes, Virg. Aen. 4, 346: let 
us (endeavour to) r. Melita, Melitam ca- 
pessemus. Cic. Att.10.9. §, tango, té- 
tigi, tactum, 3 (Verres),as som ashe rd. 
his province, simul ac provinciam t«tigit, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, 27. let him r. the far- 
thest limit of the world, quicunque 
mundi terminus obstitit, hune tangat 
armis, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 54. 7. poet. 
téneo, 2 (to have reached): he has r’d 
the harbour, portum tenet, Virg. Aen. 1, 
400: Thad r.’d a place of safety, tuta 


READ 


tenebam, ib. 6, 358.  §, poet.: pdtior, 
4 (with abl.) : the Trojans r. the strand, 
potiuntur arena, Virg. Aen. 1,172. (the 
horse), having r.’d the plain, campo po- 
titus, id. 11, 493. Special terms are 
to r. by swimming or sailing, adnare, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 538 (vestris adnavimus 
oris); by climbutg, evadere, escendere 
(v. TO MOUNT, CLIMB) they r. the lop 
of the walls, in muros evadunt, Liv 4, 34. 
I]. 70 come to, fig of reports: 
1, pervénio, 4: the matter r’d his ears, 
pervenit res ad illius aures, Cic. Verr. 4, 
28, 64. without prep. (pvet.) verba refers 
aures non pervenientia nostras, Ov, M. 
3, 462. 2. accédo, ssi, ssum, 3: the 
rumour rd my ears, sermo uccessit ad 
aures meas, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 32. 3: 
accido, di, 3: when this r.’d the king's 
ears, quod ubi ad aures accidit regis, 
Liv. 8, 24. Phr.: the circumstance 
r.s his ears, res ad eum defertur, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 62, 160 (a phr. implying some 
crime or charge reported: that rd the 
ears of Caesar, gnarum id Caesari (se. 
factum est), Tac. A. 1,5. |||. Vo veach 
out, in order to give or take, porrigo, rexi, 
cium, 3. to r. out the hand, manum p. 
Sen. V. B. 3: v. TO STRETCH OUT. 
reach (swbs.): |. A space: perh. 
tractus, iis: cf. flammarum tractus, 
Virg. G. 1, 363: the water foams over 
a long r., longo t. aestuat unda, Lucan 
5, 565: or, 2. spatium: v. SPACE. 
||. Capacity, or scope of mind or 
body, captus, is: v. CAPACITY. Il. 
The rv. of a weapon: 1, jactus, us: 
within r., intra j. teli, Virg. Aen. 11, 
688: out of r. of shot, extra teli j., 
Curt3 5410; 3: 9. ictus, is: placed 
within our r., ictu nostro positum, Sen. 
Ben. 2, 29, 4: also, sub ictu, id. Ep. 72, 
12: out of r., extra ictum, ib. 7, 7. 
Phr.: within r. of the spear, contignum 
hastae (poet.), Virg. Aen. 10, 457: within 
your oum r., penes te, Ulp. Dig. 50, 16, 
63: beyond r. of, extra—of blame, 


extra culpam, Cic. Verr. 5, 51, 1343 of | 


Jortune, extra fortunam, Mart. 5, 43: of 
comprehension and appreciation, extra 
intellectum atque aestimationem, Sen. 
Ben. 1, 3: the enemy were within v. of 
shot, non longius aberant, quam quo 
telum adjici posset, Caes. B. G. 2, 21: 
out of r. of danger (by extreme close- 
ness), interior periculo vulneris, Liv. 7, 
Io: interiores ictibus tormentorum, id. 
24, 34. 

re-act: |. To reciprocate action : 
expr. by invicem (in turn, alternately), 
inter se, mitud (vectprocally) : all bodies 
act and r. upon each other, *corpora 
omnia inter se movent atque impellunt; 
invicem (mutuo) moventur atque im- 
pelluntur: the emotions r. upon the body 
itself, *animi motus ipsum quoque cor- 
pus invicem afficiunt ac debilitant. — [J, 
To act or perform over again: 1, ré- 
féro, rettuli, latum, 3: fabulam iterum 
referre, Ter. Prol. Hec. 7. 2. répono, 
posui, itum, 3: a play which aims at 
being r.’d, quae vult spectata reponi, 
Hor. A. P. Igo. 

reaction: 1, perb. répulsus, iis: cf. 
Plin. 11, 37, 62 (serpens, impresso den- 
tium repulsu, virus fundit, i. e. by the 
backward pressure or reaction of the 
teeth). 9. usu. better expr. by inter 
se, invicem: v. TO REACH (1.). Phr.: 
there ts usually a 1. a/ter the excitement 
of joy, *post nimias gaudiorum elationes 
invicem animus opprimi contristarique 
solet: a greut r. of feeling Jollowed, and 
he became extremely popular. *repente 
ex flagranti invidia in summmum populi 
favorem venit: there was a sudden r. of 
Feeling, *repente omnium studia com- 
miutata sunt (cf. Sall. Cat. 48, mutata 
mente = by a r. of feeling): the party 
of r.,*eorum partes qui pristinum rerum 
statum revocare volunt. 

read: |. By oneself, i.e. not aloud, 
a book or writing: 1, légo, légi, lectum, 
3 (and comp.) J have r.d your letter, 
legi tnas litteras, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, intt.: J 
both urite and r. by muself, ipse mihi 
scriboque legoque, Ov. Trist. 4, 2, 93: 


that you might 7+. (the books) by your- | facilis. 2, légibitis. Utp. Pig. 2s 4L 





|e libello habere, 





READABLE 





self, ut (libros) per te ipse legeres, Cie. 
Top. 1, 2: J am read (i. e. my works 
are read) all over the world, in toto plu- 
rimus orbe legor, Ov. Irist. 4, 10, 128; 
tor. in Greek, Graece legere, tic. de Or 
I, 34.155 tor attentively, studiose im 
penseque legere, Plin. Ep. 9. 13: tor. at 
sight, ab oculo legere, Petron. 75- to r. 
again, relegere, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 2: tor. 
over, translegere (rare), Plaut. As. 4, 1, 5: 
tor, through, perlegere, Caes. B.G. 5, 48 

a book read throuyh, perlectus liber, 
Quint. 10, 1: tor. with any one, cum ali- 
quo legere, Cic. de Or. 1, 11. 47: he will 
give you the will to r., tradet tes:amen- 
tum legenduin, Hor. Sat. 2,5, 51: tor.an 
author, sich as Cato, etc., Catonem, Ho- 
ratium, etc., 1., Cic. Att. 13, 4- (Horace 
is) worthy of being iead, dignus legi, 
Quint. 10. 1,96. N.B. in Cic. this would 
be qui legatur. 2. voivo, volvi, vb- 
liitum, 3 (because the ancient books 
were written on rolls, which were un- 
rolled to be read) tor. a book, librum 
v., Cic. Brut. 87, 298. More freq., evolvo, 
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24: Quint.: Hor. 3. 
pervoliito, 1 (to peruse frequently and 
attentively) : libros, id. Att. 5, 12: serip- 
tores, id. de Or. 1, 34, 158. 4. verso, 
I: 7. the great Greek writers by day 
and by night, exemplaria Graeca noc- 
turna versate manu, versate diurna, 


Hor. A. P. 268. 5, régusto, 1: r. 
again with pleasure: Cic. Att. 13, 
18. 6. lectito, 1: 1r. often, Cic. 


Att. 12, 18: Plin. Ep. 2, 17 (iniz.). 
Phr.: 0 r. with, i. e. attend a tutor’s 
lectures, aliquem audire, Cic. Off. 1, 
I, I: id. de Or. 3, 18, 87: the tutor 
is said, legere et praelegere: see below 
CiL.): the speech may be r. by every 
one, est in manibus oratic, Cic. Am. 25, 
76: Ir. the mind of Clodius, Clodii ani- 
mum perspectum habeo, Cic. ad Brut. 
1: to7. the stars, astra cognoscere, Cic. 
Div. 1, 41, 915; *callere astra: able to 
7. the stars, astrorum peritus, Juv. 6, 
586: I cannot r. the stars, motus astro- 
rum ignoro, Juv. 3, 43. ||. Zo read 
aloud (a book or writing before an 
audience) : 1, récito, 1: cf. Hor. Sat. 
I, 4, 23, where private perusal (legere) 
is opp. to public reading of an author's 
works (recitare): so, he 7.s alowd after 
r.ing privately, epistolam perlectam re- 
citat, Caes. B. G. 5, 48: to r. an answer 
(or speech) from a manuscript, respon- 
sum (or orationem) ex scripto r., Liv. 
23,11. Q, also, légo, 3: to call together 
his pupils and read a volume, convo- 
catis audituribus legere volumen, Cic. 
Brut. 51, 191° Gell. 18, 5: to r. tell, 
commode 1., Plin. Ep 5, 19, and 34: 
badly, male, pessime, ib. More precisely 
praelégo, légi, lectum, 3 (to read to an- 
other, esp. @ vupil, usu. with critical 
remarks): auctores, Quint. I, 5, IL: 
Virgilium et alios poetas, Suet. Gramm. 
16. 3, pronuntio, 1: Cic. Att 13, 6: 
to r. ina sweet and nalwial tone, p. 
dulci et proprio oris sono, Suet. Aug. 
84. 4, praeeo, ivi and ii, itum, 4 
(to r. or utter beforehand, i.e. dictate): 
verba p., Liv. 8.9. Phr: tor. of a 
written speech, sermonem scriptum et 
suet. Aug. 84: to 
teach to r., instituere literis or ad lec- 
tionem, Quint. 1, 1, 15: and 1, 4, 07: 
to karn to r., discere elementa prima, 
Hor. Sat 1, 1, 26. 

read (purt.): a well-read man, homo 
literatus, Cic. Brut. 21, 81: eruditus, 
Quint. 1, 6, 12. tole:ably well r., tinctus 
literis, Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 85: literis leviter 
imbutus, Quint. 1, 2, 16° very well r, 
literatissimus, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 43: per- 
eruditus, id. Fin. 2, 4,12 well r. m our 
literature, 1ostras literas huud incuriose 
doctus, Gell. 19, 9 mot an tll-r. man, 


baudquaquam ineruditus, id. 18, 11. 
Join  literatus et disertus: literatus 
et studiis doctrinisque deditus. nec in- 


facetus, et satis literatus: doctus et eru- 
ditus: eruditus et doctrina excultus: in 
doctrina atque optimarum srtium stu 
diis eruditus, Cic. 


readable: easytoread: =], lect 


‘READER 


READY-MONEY 








- yeader: |. general: 1, lector: 
ene who reads to himself, Hor. A. P. 
344: a gentle r, candidus lector, Ov. 
Trist. 4, 10, 132: an ilt-natured r., in- 
gratus lector, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 35: 7S of 
various kinds, diversa genera lectorum, 
Plin. Ep. 2, 5- Q, except in nom. 
sing., imperf. part. of légo (L.G. § 638): 
kind r.s, boni ‘legentes, Plin. 8, 16, 17, 
(045 (NB ihe moun lector often 
denotes one who is in the habit of read- 
ang: the participle, simply one who at 
the time is reading.) , One who 
reads aloud: ‘1. récitator; Cic. Inv. 
2, 47, 139: Hor. A. P. 474- 9, an- 
agnostes, ae, 7. (a slave used for this 
purpose): my T» anagnostes noster, 
Cic. Att. £, 12: excellent 7.8, ana- 
gnostae optimi, Nep. Att. 13, 14: @ 
public 7, avayvaotns, Gell. 18, 5- 
N.B.—Ihe Greek form seems to have 


been preferred by later writers. Bi 
praelector (a lecturer): Gell. ib. UI. 
‘Ar. in the Church: lector: Tertull. de 


Praescr. 41: August. En. in Ps. exxxviii. 
1. Phr.: a voracious 1., lector gulosus, 
Mart. 10, 59,5: to bea voracious 1., hel- 
luari in libris (the old reading, helluo 
librorum), Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 7: I was a@ 
constant r. of M. Varro, assiduus in 
libris M. Varronis fui, Gell. 13, 13: to 
be a good and intelligent r., legere perite, 
Plin. Ep. 3, 15. 
readily : |. In 
tion: pirate: to spealc 
rately, paratius atque 
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150+ Il. Willingly: 
1, libenter: Caes. BaGeys 189 es 
promptée: to undergo death r., prompte 
subire necem, Tac. Ann. 16, 10. Se 
ultro: they r. offered themselves, ultro 
se offerebant, Cic. Planc. £0, 26: we 7. 
eommiserate, i. e. are forward to com- 
miserate, miserescimus ultro, Virg. Aen. 
gi45 be bir. did it r., feci non in- 
vitus, Cic. Am. 1, 4: sponte mea, id. 
Att. 15, 27: sponte sua, Ov. Met. 
2, 128: volens, Virg. Aen. 12, 677- 
I]. Quickly : 1. prompte: Tac. 
9. cito: Hor. A. P. 335- 3, ala- 
criter: Amm. Mare. 14, 2. 4, subito: 
Cic, de Or. 1, 33,150. 5. expedité: Cic. 
Fin. 5, 12, fim. Phr.: fluently (of a 
speech), volubiliter funditur oratio, Cic. 
Or. 62, 210. IV. Easily: 1, com- 
mode: to speak more 7., commodius 
verba facere, Nep. Them. 10, fT 5 
facilé: Sen. Ep. 50, 6. Phr.: nothing 
leads us so r. to quarrels, nibil tam 
pronum ad simultates, Plin. Paneg. 84: 
r. saleable, vendibilis, Cic. Leg. Agr. 2, 
14, 36: V. READINESS. 
readiness: |. Quickness, activity 
of body or mind: facilitas: 7. rather 
than power, facilitas magis quam facul- 
tas, Plin. Ep. 6, 29: Quintil. gives facili- 
tas as the equiv. of Eéts, 10, I, I. Phr.: 
r. of speech, volubilitas linguae (lu- 
ency), Cic. Plane. 25, 62: a prompt r. 
in replying, prompta et parata in re- 
spondendo celeritas, Cic. Brut. 42, 54: 7- 
of speech, tacilitas, Cic. Or. 6, 21. Ul. 
The state of being ready, promptitude : 
to have in r., paratum, expeditum ha- 
bere, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 1183 Pr mptum 
fn lingua h., Sall. Cat. to: what each 
man had in r., quod cuique promptum, 
Yac. Ann. 1, 71° (I will speak) what 
Lhave in r., quae mi 


state of prepara- 
more r. and accu- 
accuratius dicere, 


mihi sunt in promptu, 
Cic. Acad. 1,2,4° tohave inr., in promptu 
habere, id. Off. 1, $0, 105: things are in 
complete 7., paratissima sunt, id. Fam. 4, 
13, ad fin.: to have the troops in r., iD 
expedite copias habere, Liv. 36, 16: to 
have the cash inr., pecuniam numeratam 
in praesentia habere, Cic. Verr. 5, 7, 17: 
of the utmost r. in setting forth truth, 
veritatis exhibendae promptissimus, 
Gell. 10, 22: with the utmost 7., animo 
Jubentissimo, Cic. Verr. Act. I, 9, 25- 
Phr.: to have in r., ad manum habere, 
Quint. 12, 5, I: to have a stock of elo- 
quence in 7, tanquam in procinctu para- 
tam habere eloquentiam, Quint. 10, I, 2: 
all the money I had in r., omne aurum 
quod fnit prae manu, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 
2, 132 


reading (subs.): |. 70 oneself, i.e. 
644 


READY 
not aloud: 1, lectio; or by part. of | 
verb: r. of books, lectio librorum, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 2, 4: 7. of letters, lectio or pel- 


lectio, 1. e€. 7. through, id. Att. 1, 13: 
without r., i.e. reference to books, citra 
lectionis exemplum, Quint. 10, I, 2: 
(part.) to while away the journey in Y., 
iter et navigationem in rebus gestis le- 
gendis consumere, Cic. Acad. 4, I, 2: 
the love of r., legendi studium, Cic. Off. 
2,1,2: after 7. which. .., quibus lectis, 
id. de Or. 1, 34, 154: after 7. Cato, Catone 
jecto, id. Att. 13, 46: power of r. and 
writing, facultas legendi scribendique, 
Quint. I, 4, 1- Dimin. lectiunculae, 
light reading: to spend the mornings 
in...., Matutina tempora lectiunculis 
consumere, Cic: Fam. 7, I- Phr. : fond 





of r., *legendi cupidus, studiosus : very 
fod of 5 *legendi avidus: 0 belies 
*cupiditate legendi flagrare. Q, evo- 


latio, or by part. of verb: the 7. of the 
poets, evolutio poétarum, Cic. Fin. 1, 7; 
23: to spend one’s time in r. the poets, 
tempus in poétis evolvendis consumere, 
id. ib. 1, 21.72. Phr.: I wish to vary 
my 7T., modo hunc librum evolvere volo, 
modo illum, Sen. Ep. 2, 3- ll. Reading 
aloud: 1, lectio: Nep. Att.14: careful 
r., emendata lectio, Quint. I, 4, 3- 4 
praelectio (@ lecture): id. 1, 2, 15- = 
récitatio (reading of documents in court 
or any public place ; also, of lit. works 
to an audience) : Cic. Clu. 51, 141: Suet. : 





Tac. Wi. 4” interpretation of @ pas- 
sage : lectio: far-fetched 7.8 or pas- 
sages, lectiones reconditae, Amm.. 30, 4: 


various 7.8 or passages of law, diversae 
juris lectiones, God. 6, 61, 5: varied and 
far-fetched 7-8, i. e. scarce booics, variue 
‘et remotae lectiones, Gell. 14, 6. IV. 
In criticism, the way ™m which a word or 
passage is read: *lectio or *scriptura: 
a various or different 7., * lectio varia : 
lectionis varietas: scriptura discrepans : 
scripturae discrepantia: the usual or 
received r., *lectio, scriptura vulgata : 
the true or genuine T., *lectio, scriptura 
vera, germana, genuina : to depart from 
the usual or received 1., *a vulgata lec- 
tione, scriptura recedere; to reject @ 
r., scripturam, lectionem rejicere, Te- 





pudiare: to recevve or admit a 7., *lec- 
tionem, scripturam recipere, reddere: to 
establish or fix the true r., *veram lec- 
tionem constituere: a corrupt 7., *Jectio, 
scriptura depravata, mendosa: corrup- 
tela: mendum. Phr.: an erroneous a 
(i.e. a blunder of the copytst), librarii 
mendum, Liv. 38, 55: mendum scrip- 
turae, Cic. Fam. 6, 7: the r. in Latin 
MSS. is...,in Latinis codicibus scriptum 
est, Hieron. in Eph. i. I, Vol. 7, Pp» 552 
the 7. of some gospels %s, in quibusdam 
evangeliis legitur, jd. in Matth. 2, 11, 
vol. 7, p. 72: the r. of the Vulgate is, 
Vulgata habet editio, ib. c. 13, P- 95: 
the r. of the Greek is, in Graeco sentitur, 
id. Ep. 106, vol. i. p. 654: in Septua- 
ginta legitur, id. in Is. xiii. vol. 4, p. 565: 
a true and correct r., recte atque in- 
tegre scriptum, Gell. 18, 9: a faulty r., 
mendosum, ib. Readings, i. e- 
lessons in church: \ectiones: Tertull. 
Apol. 22: Aug. Serm. 176, ¢. 1, Vol. 5, 
p- 950- 

reading-book: liber, quo pueri in- 
stituuntur ad Jectionem. 


Ip ee desk: 1, suggestum : Cie. 
de Div. 1, 54, 124: Quint. 1, 7, 17- B 
pulpitum:; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 40: Juv. 6, 78. 





room: nearest word, bibliéthe- 
ca; V. LIBRARY. 

—— society 
lectorum. 

ready: 
risk, p. subire periculum, 
4: a mind r. for crimes, animus scele- 
ribus p. Tac. Ann. 12, 47 + r. with 
cavalry, infantry, ete., p- peditatu, equi- 
tatu, Cic. Att. 9, 13: 7 jor slaughter, 
p. neci, Virg- Aen. 2, 334: 7: for either 
issue, in utrumque paratus, ib. 61: all 
will be r., parata res erit, Plant. Men. 1, 
3, 32: noti., unready, imparatis, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 30: 7.-made arguments, argu- 
menta parata, Cic. Brut. "8, 271: 7. for 

that object, ad eam Tem Pp., Caes. B. G. 


: *societas legentium, or 


1, paratus: 7. to encounter 
Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 











1,5; more Tr. to encounter dangers, pate 
tiores ad pericula subeunda, ib.: 4 
robber thoroughly 7. for everything, 
paratissimi ad omnia latronis, Cic. ad 
Brut. «1: ships quite T., paratissimae 
naves, Caes. B. G. 3, 14. Q promptus: 
to have a thing Tr. on the tongue, aliquid 
in lingua promptum habere, Sall. Cat. 
10: alert and 7. to engage in wars, 
ad bella suscipienda alacer et promptus 
animus, Caes. B. G. 3, 19: 7: tor battle, 
promptus ad pugnam, Cic. Mil. 20, 54: 
a r. sugftness in replying, prompta in 
respondendo celeritas, Cic. Brut. 42, 154:. 
a man vr. for a jest, promptus ad 
jocandum, id. Q. Fr. 2, 13. more r. with 
tongue than hand, lingua quam manu 
promptior, Sall. Jug. 44: @ most 7. 
man, promptissimus homo, Cic. Verr. 
4, 11, 37: Of @ 7. spirit, promptus 
animi “Lac He ei, 2anerewee, suffer, 
promptus pati, Lucan 7, 106: 7. lo 
provoke, promptus incessere, Stat. ‘Theb. 
4, 208: a soul 7. for liberty or death, 
promptus libertati aut ad mortem ani- 
mus, Lac. Ann. 4, 46. J oin: promptus 
et paratus : promptus, paratus, expe- 
ditus: promptus et alacer: promptis- 
simus homo et experiens. 3, expe- 
ditus: active and 7. to speak, facilis et 
expeditus ad dicendum, Cic. Brut. 48, 
180: a r. style of speaking, expeditum 
genus dicendi, ib. 78, 271: the readiest 
way to heaven, expeditissimus in caclum 
reditus, Cic. Am. 4, 13. 4. céier: 
men of r. tongue, homines lingua celeri, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 83. 5, libens: with 
r. mind, libenti animo, Cic. Att. 2, 4: 
Tam r. to die with thee, tecum obeam 
libens, Hor. Od. 3, 9, 24- 6, facilis: 
the gods r. to accede to your prayers, 
faciles in tua vota deos, Ov. Her. 16, 
280. ‘7, pronus: a7. vay to honours, 
pronum ad honores iter, Plin. Ep. 8, 10: 
r. for compliance, in obsequium pronus, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10. Phr.: J amr. to 
marry her : nec mora ulla est, quin eam 
uxorem ducam, Ter. Andr. 5, 6,7: Ve 

READY MONEY. 
ready, be (v-): praesto sum : Luci- 
lius was 7. for me, mihi praesto erat L., 
Cic. Fam. 3, 5: see here is the soldier r. 
(without esse) eccum praesto militem, 
Plaut. Mil. Glor. 4, 6, 1: when the place 
is r.; quum locus est praesto, Lucr. 2, 
1068. Phr.. supper ought to be %, 
caenam esse coctam oportuit, Plaut. Cas. 
is getting *., dum 


coquitur, id. Men. 1, 3, 31- 
_—, make or get (".): 1. paro, 
and comps. 1: to make 7. for flight, 


fugam p., Virg. ‘Aen. 1, 3603; for de- 
parture, abitum Pp. ib. 8, 
r. for war, bellum 
3, 9: to make 7. 
parare, ib. 6, 7: get r. what ought te 
be so, quod parato opus est, para, ‘Ver. 
Andr. 3, 2, 43 
vice to the Muses, para ut Musis operas 
reddas, Cic. Fam. 16, 10: comparo: all 
things are made T. by night, omnia 
noctu comparantur, Caes. B. G. 5, 40: 
appiro: to make 7. @ banquet, appa- 
rare convivium, Cic. Vert. 4, 20 44: 
Phr.: [will order supper to be gotr., 
jubebo caenam coqui, Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 
35. Q. instituo, ui, utum, 3: to make 
vr. ships for the legions, naves legionibus 
instituere, Caes. B. G 3. in- 
struo, xi, ctum, 3- 
convivium instruere, 
to make r. the vessels, navigia instruere 
armamentis ministrisque, Colum. 4, 3 
4. conficio, feci, fectum. 3° I can- 
not get my books r. in these times, libros 
meos conficere non possum his diebus, 
Cic. Q. F.3,1,4. Phr.: Thave my poem 
r., habeo absolutum.. - .éros ad Caesa- 
rem, Cic. Q. F. 3. 1, 9: get r. quickly, 
cito deproperate, Plaut. Cas. 3, 6, 17- 
— money: 1, praesens pécu- 
nia: he paid the legacy in Tr. money. 
quae pecunia mulieri legata erat. ..eam 
praesentem solvit, Cic. Cluent. 12, 34: 
to purchase anything for @ heavy sum 
in r. money, aliquid tam grandi mercari 
praesenti pecunia, Plant. Capt. 7, 2, 8 
2, nimérata pécinia; Cic. Top. 13 











REAL 





53: id. Fam. 10, 32: or simply pecunia: 
Suet. Aug. ror: or simply numeratum 
(subs.): Cic. Fam. 5,40. Phr.: to pos- 
Sess rT. money, habere in nummis, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 3, 86, 199° to carry about with 
oneself some r. money, aliquantum num- 
morum secm ferre, id. Inv. 2, 4, 14: to 
have much ». mmey, in suis nummis 
multis esse, id Verr. 4, 6, 11: in suis 
nummis versari, id. Rose. C. 8, 22: to 
pay in r. money, repraesentare, Suet. 
Aug. 101: Cic. Att. 12, 25, and 2y: pay- 
ment in r. money, repraesentatio, ib. 12, 
3x: in pecunia satis facere, id. Fam. 8. 
12: to buy on trust and sell for r. money, 
caeca die emere, oculata die vendere, 
prov. ap. Plaut. Pseud. 1, 3,82: buy for r. 
money, argento emere, id. Asin. 1, 3, 46. 
: |. True, genuine, not false 
or fictitious: 1, ipse (ipsus, old form), 
and idem (the very person or thing), Jam 
the r. Charmides, whom you have counter- 
feited, illum quem ementitus es, ego sum 
ipsus Charmides, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 143: 
the r. Sosia, S. idem, id. Amph. 2, 1, 30: 
the r. state of the case, rem ipsam, Ter. 
Andr. 5, 3, 2. 2. vérus: let what is 
invented closely resemble the r., ficta vo- 
luptatis causa sint proxima veris, Hor. 
A. P. 338: he mizes false with r., veris 
falsa remiscet, ib. 151: 7. fears, veri ti- 
mores, Hor. Od. 1, 37, 15: 7. virtue, vera 
virtus, id. Od. 3, 5, 29. 8, sdlidus 
(substantial): glory is ar. thing, gloria 
solida res est, non adumbrata, Cic. Tuse. 
3, 2, 3: a7. i. e. substantial benefit, 
solidum beneficium, Ter. Fun. 5, 2, 32: 
the r. notion of justice, solida justitiae 
effigies, Cic. Off. 3, 17,69. Join: soli- 
dum verumque. 4, certus (about 
which there can be no doubt): of r. 
Friends you are the most r., ex amicis 
certis mi es certissimus, Plaut. Trin. 1, 
2, 57: Cleanthes regards the upper air 
as the most+r, god, Cl. aethera certis- 
simum deum judicat, Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 37. 
5. germinus (genuine): one’s r. 
native-land, g. patria, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3: 
r. justice, g. justitia, id. Off. 3, 17; 69: 
a most r. Stoic, germanissimus Stoicus, 
id. Acad. 1, 43, 132: I know that I 
have been a 7. (downright) ass, scio me 
asinum germanum fuisse, id. Att. 4, 5. 
6. sincérus (without alloy; un- 
mized, guiieless): s.concordia, lac. Ann. 
3, 64: s. fides, Liv. 29,4. Phr.: to lay 
hold of the r. power of a sovereign, but 
let alone the name, vim principis am- 
plecti, nomen remittere, Tac. H. 4, 11: 
let us leave fables and turn to ar. 
event, dimittamus fabulas : ad rem fac- 
tam veniamus, Cic. Off. 3, 26, 99: av. 
Christian, * vere Christianus. Il. Zn 
law, real property, as opposed to personal 
: fundus: Cic.: v. Dict. Ant. 
8s. fundus: also, praedium (v. ESTATE): 
res soli or res immobiles, Dig. 2,8, 15: his 
y consisted of cattle and 1. estates, 
res in pecore et locorum possessionibus, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 9,16: to lay out money upon 
the purchase of r. property, pecunias in 
emtiones praediorum collocare, Dig. 17, 
xyz: 
- real: asmallSpanish coin: dénarius 
Hispanicus. 
Yrealgar: protosulphuret of arsenic : 
*arsenicum rubruw factitium. 
realists: *reales; secta philoso- 
phorum, qui in “rebus,” non in vocibus, 
veram positam esse philosophiam dis- 
putabant. The adverb “realiter’’ is 
used in the same sense by the medieval 
writers: Du Cange. 
reality : 1, res, rei, f.: philo- 
sophers differing in terms, but agree- 
ing in r., nominibus differentes, re 
congruentes : Cic. Acad. 1, 5, 15: Task 
you to regard r. as more important 
than speech, rogo ut rem potiorem ora- 
tione ducas, id. Fam. 11, 28. eaisting, 
not in r. but in idea, non re sed opi- 
nione, id. N. D. 3, 21, 53: when you 
have drawn your mind from the ideal 
of virtue to its r., quum animum ab ista 
pictura imaginibusque virtutum ad rem 
veritatemque traduxeris, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
5,14. 2, véritas. in everything r. 
as superior to imitation, in omni re 


a 


REALLY 


vincit imitationem veritas, id. de Or. 3, 
57, 215. 3. res véra or verum: res 
vera opp. to ficta, id. Am. 4, 24: do not 
doubt, for you see realities, ne dubita, 
nam vera vides, Virg. Aen. 3, 316: v. 
TRUTH. Phr.: to become a r., ad ef- 
fectum adduci, Liv. 33, 33: quum ven- 
tum ad verum est, Hor. S. 1, 3, 97: in 
reality, re vera,. Cic. Quint. 2°: reipsa, 
Ter. Heaut. 4,1, 23: reapse (7. €. reipsa): 
cf. formae, quae reapse nullae sunt spe- 
ciem autem offerunt, Cic. Div. 1, 37, #0: 
vy. Sen. Ep. 108, 31, whu remarks on this 
form; Vv. REALLY. ; 
realization : Il. Of plans: ad 
effectum consiliorum pervenire, Cid. 
Fam. Io, 8. I]. Of tdeas: cognitio 
et comprehensio rerum, ib. 3, 15: v. 
REALIZE. : 
realize: |. 7a complete or carry 
into effect: tor. a plam, ad ewitum per- 
ducere, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169: the hope of 
ring @ plan, spes exsequendi consilii, 
Liv. 7, 38: to r. expectation, expecta- 
tionem explere, Cic. de Or. 1, 47, 205: to 
r. the expectation which you have excited, | 
quam exspectationem tui concitasti, hanc | 
sustinere ac tueri, id. Fam. 2,1. Phr.: 
having r.d one’s intention, victor pro- 
positi, Hor. Ep. 1,13,11: not having v.d 
his plans, infectis iis quae destinaverat, 
Caes. B.G. 1, 33. ||. Zo present to 
the mind’s eye : 1, ante ociilos pono, 
or propono, podsui, positum, 3: Cic. Agr. 
2, 20, 53: r. to your mind the joy...., 
pone ante oculos laetitiam senatus po- 
pulique Romani, id. Phil. », 45, 115: 
Iam often wont to r. to myself, soleo 
saepe ante oculos ponere, id. Mare. 2, 5. 
2, repraesento, 1: the temple r.s the 
recollection of my consulship, termplum 
repraesentat memoriam consulatus mei, 
id. Sest. 11, 26: to r. a@ thing absent, 
imagines rerum absentium ita reprae- 
sentare animo, ut eas cernere oculis ac 
praesentes habere videamur, Quint. 6, 2, 
29. 3. animo cerno, crévi, cretum, 3; 
or mente comprehendo, di, sum, 3: Cic. 
N.D. 3, 8, 20 and 21. Phr.: we cannot 
r. the true notion of justice, except in 
outline and by sketches, veri juris, 
solidam et expressam effigiem nullam 
tenemus: umbra et imaginibus utimur, 
id. Off. 3,17, 69. — [I. 7o convert into 
ready money : rédigo, égi, actum, 3~ he 
r.d his loans, redegit pecuniam, id. 
Epod. 2, 69: money 7.d from sale of 
plunder ....quod inde redactum, mili- 
tibus est divisum, Liv. 5,16. Phr.: he 
hadr.d great profits from mines, magnas 
pecunias ex metallis fecerat, Nep. Cim. 
1: cf. Hor, Ep. 1, 1, 66. 
really: |. In truth: v. TRULY. 
I]. Jn fact: 1, révéra: v. REALITY, 
m. Q, vero: he who is r. theman in 
question, says he is not so, qui vero est, 
negat, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 35: nor 7. any 
(charge) of that kind, nec vero aliquid 
ejusmodi, Cic. Coel. 30, 72: in real 
earnest, serio ac vero, Plaut. Amph. 3, 
3, 9. Strengthened, énimvéro: veally, 
Chremes is too hard upon the young 
man! e, Chremes nimis graviter cruciat 
adolescentulum, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, ©: 
Pl. : Cic. 3, profecto: v. TRULY, UN- 
DOUBTEDLY. 4, énim (implying a re- 
ference to some reason readily under- 
stood): he exclaims, that that is r. not to 
be borne! id enim ferendum esse negat! 
Liv. 22, 25: Pl.: Ter. (See L. G. § 654.) 
5, démum: thatr. (after all) they 
say is natural.... id demum naturale 
esse dicunt, Quint. 9, 4,3. Phr.: notin 
opinion only, but really... 100 opinione 
solum, sed etiam ad veritatem persuaderi 
mihi velim, Cic. N. D. 1, 22, 61—The 
sense of really is sometimes implied) 
without being specially expressed. he 
caused laughter, but was r-himself ridi- 
culous, fecit risum sed ridiculus fuit, 
Quint. 6, 1, 48: that we may be rv. what 
we wish to be regarded, ut simus ii qui 
baberi velimus, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44: ifany 
portion 1.remains after death, si superest 
aliquid post innera sensus, Ov. Ep. Pont. 
I, 2, 113: contrariety which seemed to 
exist, not which r. existed, quae videretur 
esse, NON quae esset,’ repugnautia, Cic. | 





——KRRRLRKLKLLK 





REAR 





Off. 3, 7, 34: taller than. he r. was, ut 
procerior quam erat,’ videretur, Suet. 
Aug. 73.—eally issometimes expressed 
by an ironical question. Do your. think ? 
itane censes? Cic, Div. 2, 32,68: do these 
things r. terrify us? ap vero illa nos 
terrent? ib. 2,28/60>'do you'r. say .... 
itane patris ais conspectum veritum bine 
abiisse ? Ter. Phorm. 2,.2, 1: do you r. 
think ? an censes? Cic. Sen. 23, 82. 
realm: |, Lit.: regnum: v. kmGpom. 
I]. A region: Phr.: to the r.s above, 
supera ad convexa, Virg. Aen. 6, 241: 
7.8 of heaven, regia caeli, id.:Georg. 1, 
503: Assyrian r., Assyrius orbis, Juv. 2, 
108: I have been expelled fiom these 
r.8, his finibus ejectus sum, Sall. Jug. 14: 
7.8 of light, laninis orae, Lucr. 1, 23. 
ream (0/) paper) = perh. scipus: 
never more than 20 (quires) in a r., 
nunquam plures scapo quam vicenae, 
Plin. N. H. 13, 12, 23. 
reanimate: |. In phys. sense: 
calorem revoco,,1> to r. cold limbs, 
gelidos artus .... in vivum revocare ca- 
lorem, Ov. Met. 4, 248: he r.s in old men 
their quenched fires, extinctos senibus 
revocat calores, Sen. Hipp. 291. iI. Of 
the mind: 1, récreo, 1: to revive the 
spirits, lo r. the soul: recreare animum, 
Cic. Plane. 1, 2: Vv. REVIVE. 2. érigo, 
rexi, ctum, 3 (to arouse drooping spirits) : 
Cic. Clu. 21, §8 (animum jain demissum 
et oppressum erigere): Liv.: ‘Tac. 
reap: |. Zoreapcrops: 1, méto, 
messui, messum, 3: to 7. corn: farra 
metere, Ov. Fast. 2, 519: when the corn 
is ripe, you must r., quum est matura 
seges, metendum, Varr. R. R. 1, §c. 
Comp. déméto: seasons jor r.ing and 
gathering fruits, tempora demetendis 
fructibus et percipiendis, Cic. Sen. 19, 


° 


70. 2. déséco, 1: to cut close the 
corn crops and meadows, desecare 
segetes et prata, Col. 11, 1: to r. with 


sickles, falcibus deseeare, id. 2, 18. 
Il. Fig.: to gather or obtain as a 

reward of labour: Phr.- to reap the 
reward of anything, fractum ex aliqua 
re percipere or capere, Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14: 
to r. the results of any labours, rerum 
fructum repetere, id. Arch. 1, 1: to r. 
some advantage Jrom anything, ex aliqua 
re aliquid commodi consequi, id. Fin. 1, 
Io, 32° to 7. vewards of service, officii 
praemia percipere, Caes. B C. 2, 32: to 
7. (a reward of) glory, gloriam com- 
parare, Cic. Off. 2,13, 45: laudem parere, 
ib. 2, 13, 47: to r, the harvest of evil in 
return for good, pro beuefactis mali 
messem metere, Plaut. Epid. 5, 2, 52: 
as you have sown, so will you r., ut 
sementem feceris, ita metes (pro -.), Cic. 
de Or. 2, 65, 261: you have mized this 
mess, and you must eat it up, i. e., r. the 
fruits of your conduct, tute hoc intristi, 
tibi omne est exedendum, Ter. Phorm. 
2,2, 4: your descendants will r. the fruits 
of your labours, carpent tua poma ne- 
potes, Virg. Ecl. 9, 50. 

reaper: |, Lit.: messor: Cic.: 
Hor.: a reaper’s basket, messoria corbis, 
Cic. Sest. 38, 82: 7.5’ work, messoria 
opera, Col. 2, 13,2. J, Fig.: @ reaper 
of fruits of crime, messor scelerum, PI. 
Capt. 3,.5, 3- ; 

reaping-hook: falx messoria, Pall 
I, (43. 

reaping-machine: vehiculum ad 
metendum, Pull. 7, 1, 2. (See the place.) 

re-appear: ], rédeo, ii, or ivi, 
itum, 4: ‘the sun re-appearing, chases 
away stars, rediens fugat astra Phoebus, 
Hor. Od. 3,21, 24. 2, reddor, 3: when 
he r.’d from the bottom of the sea, quum 
fundo redditus imo est, Virg. Aen. 5. 178. 

3. resurgo, rexi, rectum, 3: the grass 

r.g, Tesurgentes herbae, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 
g: the boat will r., cymba resurget, id. 
Pont. 4, 8, 28. 4, appareo, ui, itum, 2, 
with rursus or iterum: the horse sunk 
along with me y.’d, equas mecum una 
demersus rursus apparuit, Cic. Div. 2, 
68,140. §, émergo, mersi, mersum, 3 
(out of the water), opp. to demergo: Cic. 


Fin. 3, 14, 48. 
A, Trans: |. Ze 


rear (?.): 
bring up or educate: l, édiico, I: 
645 


REAR 


REASON 


REASON 





the mistress r.s the girl with great care, 
hera puellam magna industria educat, 
Pl. Casin. prol. 44: the boys, thus born, 
thus r.'d, pueri, ita geniti, ita educati, 
Liv. 1, 4. Q. Ediico, xi, ctum, 3: fo 
beget and r. a son, filium procreare et 
educere, Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124: I have 
r.d him from a child, hunc eduxi a par- 
vulo, Ter Ad. I, 1, 23. 3, alo, alui, al- 
tum and itum, 3: barn and r.'d at Athens, 
Athenis natus altusque, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 
36: tor. horses or dogs jor hunting, aut 
equos alere aut canes ad venandum, Ter. 
Andr. (, 1, 30: tor. animals for the sale 
of pleasure, aninialia alere animi volup- 
tatisque causa, Caes. B.G. 5, 12. 4, 
enutrio, 4: Mercurium..... Naides 
Idavis enutrivere sub antris, Ov. Met. 
4, 288. |]. To raise: éduco, 3: to r. 
an altar on high, aram caelo e., Virg. 
Aen. 6, 178: a tower 7.’d to heaven, 
turris sub astra educta, ib. 2, 461: v. 
TO RAISE B. Intrans.: to rise on 
the hind legs: Phr.: the horse r.s, tollit 
se arrectum quadrupes, Virg. Aen. Io, 
892: equus priores pedes erigit, Liv. 
8, 7: he made (the horse) 7., exsultare 
cogebat, Nep. Eum. 5. 
rear (subs.) : |. Rear of am army 
on the march: novissimum agmen: Liv, 
44, 32: Caes. B. G. 2, 11: novissimi, ib. 
2, 25: extremum agmen, Caes. B. G. 2, 
Il: to annoy the r.-guard on the march, 
postremos in agmine tentare, Sall. Jug. 
55. |]. Rear of an army in order of 
battle: novissima acies, extrema acies : 
Liv. 8, 10: Sall. Jug. 54, 55: Caes. B.G. 
4, 53- Phr.: having attacked the r., 
novissimos adorti, ib. 2, 11: having 
pursued the r. too eagerly, novis- 
simum agmen cupidius insecuti, ib. 1, 
15: to attack the enemy on the r., ab 
tergo hostes adoriri, ib. 7, 87: to bring 
up the 7.,1. e. form the r.-guard, agmen 
claudere or cogere: Curt. 4, 12, 7: Liv. 
34, 28: that I may neither take the lead 
nor bring up the r., i. e. be neither first 
nor last, ut neque duces simus neque 
agmen cogamus, Cic, Att. 15, 13. 
reason (subs.): |. Intellect, think- 
ing faculty : 1, mens, tis, f.: 7., to 
which has been assigned by nature the 
sovereignty of the entire soul, (mens) cui 
reguum totius animi a natura tributum 
est, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, £1 (the thinking part 
of the soul, mens animi, Lucr. 3, 615): 
id. 4, 762: to grasp or embrace by r., 
i. e. understand, mente comprehendere, 
Cic. N. PD. 3, 8, 21: mente complecti, 
id. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: sound in r., in- 
teger mentis, Hor. S. 1, 3, 65: sanus 
mentis, Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 53: mentis com- 
pos, Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 48: to be of sound 
T., mentis suae esse, ib. 21, 50: bereft 
of r., mentis inops, Ov. A. A. 1, 465: 
id. Met. 2, 200: egens mentis, id. Trist. 
2, 395: mente captus, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 
94: with r. almost deranged, paene 
alienata mente, Caes. B. G. 6, 41: Suet. 
Aug. 99: furiata mente, Virg. Aen. 2, 
588: 1. disturbed, mens perturbata, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 24, 54: commota m., Hor. S. 2, 
3, 298: disturbed im r., mentem con- 
cussus, ib. 295: mente commotiis, Plin. 
N. H. 23, 1, 16, § 23: mente lapsus, 
Suet. Aug. 48: of weakened r., mente 
imminuta, Sall. Jug. 65: to lose one’s 
7., Taentem amittere, Auct. Harusp., 
15, 32: @ loss of 7., mentis deminutio, 
Suet. Aug. 99: departure of r., amentia, 
which Cic. describes as affectionem animi, 
lumine mentis carentem, Tusc. 3, 5, 10: 
9. ratio, Onis, f. rational faculty, 
Lucr. 1, 149: r. the mistress and queen 
of all things, domina omnium et regina 
ratio, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 47: all things 
which possess r. surpass those which are 
deveid of r., omnia quae rationem ha- 
bent, praestant iis quae sunt rationis 
expertia, Cic. Leg, 2,7, 16: that practical 
skill which we call r., sollertiam quam 
rationem vocamus, Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 69: 
let r., not fortune, guide, agentem te 
ratio ducat non fortuna, Liv. 22, 39: @ 
man possessed of 7., rationis particeps, 
Cic. Off. 1, 4,11: devoid of r., rationis 
expertes, ib. 16, 50: pecudes ratione 
carentes, Ov, Am. I, If, 25: wanting 
646 





r., rationis egentem, Virg. Aen. 8, 799: 
astray from true r., avius a vera ratione, 
Lucr. 2, 229: right r., recta ratio, Cic. 
lusc. 4, 10, 23: sound r., bona ratio, id. 
N. D. 3, 24, 70 3. animus (prop. the 
emotions or feelings : sometimes in pre- 
sent sense): do you preserve your T., rec- 
tum animi servas, Hor. S. 2, 2. 201: stas 
animi, ib. 213: bereft of r., inops animi, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 300. 4. intelligentia : 
r. is the faculty by which (the soul) 
perceives existing objects, i. est per 
quam (animus) ea perspicit quae sunt, 
Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 160: ordinary r., i.e. 
common sense, communis i., id. Fin. 1, 
16, 44: to fall within reach of %., sub 
intelligentiam cadere, id. Tim. 8: a 
thing which falls within our %., res, 
quae in nostram intelligentiam cadit, id. 
Off. 3, 4, 17- things which aie compre- 
hended. not by sense but by r., quae non 
sensu sed intelligentia continentur, id. 
Tim. 8. 5, sapientia: my master 
has no more r.(wit) than a stone, (non) 
habet plus sapientiae quam lapis, PI. 
Mil. 2. 2, 83: a@ disease of the r. (mind), 
sapientiae aegritudo, Plin. H. N. 7, 51, 
$171. Phr.: aman void of r., insipiens, 
Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 5: to be deprived of r., 
desipere, Hor. S. 2, 3, 47. 6. con- 
silium, i: force devoid of 7., vis consili 
expers, Hor. Od. 3, 4,65; weakness of r., 
infirmitas consilii, Cic. Mur. 12,27. 7, 
prudentia: 7. as opposed to chance, Juv. 
3, 365. 8. sound, healthy r., sanitas, 
tatis, f.: to return to sound r., ad sani- 
tatem redire, Cic. Fam. 12, 10: to bring 
back to sound r., ad sanitatem reducere, 
id. Verr. 2, 40, 98: the confusion of cor- 
rupt opinions deprives the soul of sound 
r., pravarum opinionum conturbatio ... 
sanitate spoliat animum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
Io, 23: @ stranger to sound r., alienus a 
sanitate, Cic. Sull. 30, 83. Phr.: to 
return to sound r., ad bonam frugem se 
recipere, Cic. Coel. 12, 28: to recover r,, 
resipisco, ivi, or ui, 3: Suet. Aug. 48: ad 
te redi, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 8: se ad se revocare, 
Cic. Acad. 4, 16, 51. |]. Good reason, 
reasonableness : ratio: to approve the r. 
of the deed, rationem facti probare, Cic. 
Mur. 2, 3: you have acted with good r. 
in staying at home, quod domi te in- 
clusisti, ratione fecisti, id. Att. 12, 44: 
to threaten the commissioners was not 
(consistent with) good r., minari divi- 
soribus ratio non erat, id. Verr. Act. 1, 
9, 24. Ill. Reasonable ground, argu- 
ment: ratio: to be overcome by no r., 
nulla ratione vinci, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 48: 
this r., combined with the other causes, 
led them to that opinion, ad eam sen- 
tentiam cum reliquis causis haec.... 
ratio eos deduxit, Caes. B. G. 2, 10: to 
bring forward a r. why .... rationem 
afferre quamobrem...., Cic. Caecin. 33, 
96: that 1. induced me ...., illa me ra- 
tio movit, id. Fam. 1,7: he adds a r. for 
his opinion, cur sic opinetur, rationem 
subjicit, id. Div. 2, §0, 104: to confirm 
by far-fetched r.s, exquisitis rationibus 
confirmare, id. Fin. 1, 9, 30: slight r.s, 
ratiunculae, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 43: the 
Stoics wind up their petty r.s, con- 
cludunt ratiunculas Stoici, ib. 2, 12, 28. 
Phr.: I bring forward many sound 
r.s for...., multa affero justa ad im- 
petrandum, Cic. Att. 9, 15: we must 
bring forward ar.on the opposite side, 
afferendum est in contrariam partem, 
id. de Or. 2, 53, 215: they bring for- 
ward no good r., nihil afferunt, id Sen. 
6,17. |. Cause: causa: to bring for- 
ward a tolerable 7., probabilem causam 
afferre, Cic. Acad. 1, 3, 10: 7.s for delay, 
causas morandi, Virg. Aen. 4, 51: he 
would not have done that except for good 
r., id nisi gravi de causa non fecisset, 
Cic. Att. 9, 7: for good r.s, justis de 
causis, id. Fam. 5, 20: with r., cum 
vausa, id. de Or. 2, 60, 247: without r., 
sine causa, ib. 246: what r. is there ? quid 
causae est, Hor. S. 1,1, 20: there ts nor., 
nihil causae est, Quint. 11, 3, 59: any 
other 7., quidquama aliud causae, Cic. 
Rosc. Am. 3, 8. V. A ground or rea- 
son expr. or implied in the antecedent 
sentence is often denoted by an adver- 





bial relative sentence introduced by 

1, cir: I gave many r.s for going 
away, multa dixi, cur excusatus abirem, 
Hor Ep. 1, 9, 7: an excellent r. for 
being able to know, none for speaking 
falsely, justissima causa, cur scire potue 
erint, nulla, cur mentiantur, Cic. Quint. 
18, 58: what is the r. for which?.... 
quid est, cur?..... id. Div. 2, 60, 125. 

2. quamobrem, to bring forward a 
r.why ..., afferre rationem, quamobrem, 
Cic. Caecin. 33, 96: many r.s occurred 
to me for thinking, multa mihi venie- 
bant in mentem, quamobrem putarem 
socio ICL ham? ziro: 3. quapropter, 
what ts the r. for which you threaten ? 
quid est, quapropter ves minitamini ? 
Pl. Bacch. 5, 2, 28. 4. qnaré: you 
provoke a r. for my wishing, accendis 
quare cupiam, Hor. S. 1, 9, 53: now 
listen to the r. for which ...., nunc 
accipe quare desipiant omnes aeque ac 
tu, id. 2, 3, 46. 5, quéd: there is no 
r. for our thinking, nihil est quod cogi- 
temus, Cic. Fam. 1,8: J perceived that 
ill-health was the r. for your absence, 
quod non affuisses, valetudinem causam 
fuisse, id. Am. 2, 8. VI. In simple 
(@) questions and (6) inferences, expr. for 
what (which) reason by interrog. or relat. 
adv. 1, cur: why (for what r.) do you 
exhaust me with your complaints ? cur 
me querelis exanimas tuis? Hor. Od. 2, 
Ly 2. quamobrem: (a) for what 
r. did you (how came you to) know? 
quamobrem sciebas, quamobrem suspi- 
cabare? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 29,74: I think 
you an utter scoundrel. For what r.? 
Am. Scelestissimum te arbitror. So. 
Nam quamobrem? Pl. Am. 2, 1,2: (6) 
for which r. let us return, quamobrem 
ad illa redeamus, Cic. Am. 26, 100: for 
which 7. I ask you, quamobrem quaeso 
a vobis, id. Flacc. 29, 65. 3, qua- 
propter: (a) for what r. do you suspect 
that to have been done? quapropter id 
vos factum suspjeamini? Pl. Most. 2, 
2, 52: until I go out, wait here. For 
what r.? Da. dum exeo, opperire hic. 
My. Quapropter? Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 31: 
(b) for which r. I exhort you, quaprop- 
ter vos moneo, Sall. Cat. 58. 4, 
quaré: (a) why (for what r.) did you 
say that you would not bring that for- 
ward ? illud quare negasti, te fuisse 
laturum ? Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 71: why did 
you (how came you to) dare? quare 
ausus? Pl, Mil. 5, 12: (6) for which r. I 
so recommend him to you, quare sic tibi 
eum commendo, Cic. Fam. 13, 71: for 
which 7. this plan is worthless, quare 
vanum equidem hoc consilium, Sall. Cat. 
52. 5. quid: why (for what r.) does 
he conceal himself 2? quid latet? Hor. Od. 
1, 8, 13: why (for what r.) do I argue ? 
quid ego argumentor, quid plura dis- 
puto? Cic. Mil. 16, 44: what r. had 
Calidius to complain, quid erat, quod C, 
quereretur? id. Verr. 4, 20, 43. Vil 
For that r., with or without any condi- 
tion or purpose stated: ], iccirco: men 
will not think you a good citizen for 
that r., non iccireo te isti bonum civem 
putabunt, Cic. de Or. 2, 40,170: for that 
r. some have asked, iccirco quidam.... 
quaesivere, Hor. S. I, 4, 45. ee 
ideo: for that r. he wished him to 
become his friend, ideo eum amicum 
sibi cupiebat adjungi, Nep. Ale. 9: for 
this r. I cannot satisfy myself, because 

. ideo mihi non satisfucio, quod 
nullam partem,...consequi possum, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 8. 8. €0: and for that 
r. its first approaches are difficult, 
eoque difficiles aditus primos habet, 
Hor. S. 1, 9, 55: I have written to 
you at greater length, for this r. 
that you might .... eo pluribus 
scripsi, ut intelligeres, id. Fam. 13, 69. 

4. proptérea: for that r. he could 
make less use of the corn, because... ., 
frumento.... propterea minus uti po- 
terat, quod...., Caes.B.G. 1,16. 5, 
igitur: for this r. he summons Len- 
tulus, igitur vocari ad sese jubet Len- 
tulum, Sall. Cat. 46. 6. itaque: jor 
this r. his brother spoke for him, itaque, 
quoniam ipse pro se dicere non posset, 


REASON 





verba pro eo fecit frater ejus, Nep. Milt. 
a, VIL. Without r.: . frustra, 
Cic. Div. 2, 60, 125: the pens are blamed 
uithout r., culpantur frustra calami, 
Hor. S.2,2,7. 2, de nihilo, a confi- 
dence adopted not without r., fiducia, 
non de nihilo concepta, Liv. 30, 29: 
without r. they boldly abuse, de nihilo 
audacter dicunt contumeliam, Pl. Curc. 
er, 1 3, téméré: J do not write 
this without r., non scribo boc temere, 
Cic. Fam. 4,13. 4y 7. of: 1, prop- 
ter (with acc.): for which r.s (by r. of 
which things) it is allowed, propter quae 
fas est, Juv. 10, 55 by r. of the cold, 
propter frigora, Caes. B. G. 1, 16. 72, 
6b (with acc.)-: for that r., ob eam rem, 
Caes. B.G, 1,13. 3, prae (with abl.): 
by r. of the multitude of darts, p. multi- 
tudine jaculorum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 101: 
prae lacrimis, id. Att. 9, 12: p. gaudio, 
Liv. 4, 40. (N.B.—1In this sense prae is 
rarely used except in negative sen- 
tences.) 4, ex: fearful, and by r. 
of conscience (i. e. in his heart) dis- 
trusting his own position, timido et 
ex conscientia diffidenri rebus suis, Sall. 
Jug, 32: Cic.: more fully, with causa: 
for which r., ex qua causa, Cic. Rep. 2, 7. 

reason (v.): |. 70 possess r., Ta- 
tionem babeo, Liv. 28, 28. Cic. Leg. 2, 
9,16. |, Todiscourse,argue: 1, ra- 
tidcinor, 1: if e shall rightly r., si recte 
ratiocinabimur, Cic. Phil. 2, 22, 55: thus 
they r.’d, sic rativcinabantur, id. Verr. 
Act.1,7,20. 2. réputo, 1: ring much 
with myself, multa mecum ipse reputans, 
Cic. Post Red. 12, 32: 7. with yourselves, 
reputate cum animis vestris, Sall. Jug. 


85, post init. 8, rationem conclido, 
Sips cic. Wives 1; 32, 41. 4, argu- 
mentum concludo : id. Fin. 3,8,27. 5, 
argumentis déceo’ id. N. D.3,4,9. 6, 
argumenta afféro: ib. ro. , sermd- 
cinor, 1: id. Verr. 2, 1, §2, 138. 8, dis- 


puto, 1: Jdo not r. on either side, non 
ullam in partem disputo, ib. 5, 3, 7: 
the Academic custom of r.ing, Academi- 
corum contra propositum dispurandi, id. 
Fat. 2, 4: they r. closely, enucleate dis- 
putant, id. Tusc. 4, 14, 33. 9, disséro, 
ui, rtum, 3: the Socratic method of r.ing, 
Socratica ratio disserendi, ib. 8: the art 
of r.ing well (dialectics), ars bene dis- 
serendi, id. do Or. 2, 38,157: to r. in a 
subtle manner, subtiliter disserere, id. 
Tuse. 4, 14, 33. Phr.: set yourself to 
work tor.,da te in sermonem, id. Att. 
13, 23: r. captiously, cavillor, 1, Liv. 3, 
20: V. ARGUE, DISCOURSE. 
reasonable: |. Having reason, 
rationis particeps, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 47: 
Vv. RATIONAL. I]. Judicious: pru- 
dens: r. in judging, prudens in exis- 
timando, Cic. Brut. 68, 239: plans of 
rT. men, cousilia prudentium, id. de Or. 
I, 9, 36. =|. Fat, equitable: il 
justus: more than r., plus justo, Hor. 
Od. 3, 7, 24. 9, aequus: more than 
r., plus aequo, id. S. 1, 3, 52: taking 
more than 7. pains to pamper their 
appetite, in cute curanda plus aequo 
operata (juventus), id. Ep. 1,2, 29: if you 
think it r., si ita aequum censes, ‘Ter. 
Ad. 4, 3, 10: to judge by what is r., ex 
aequo et bono judicare, Cic. Caecin. 23, 
65. 3. par, paris: it is 7. we should 
believe you, tibi nos accredere par est, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 25: as was 7., ut par 
fuit, Cic. Verr. 5, 4, 10: it does not 
seem r., non par videtur, Pl. Bacch. 1, 2, 
3I. 4, modicus: let all transactions 
be 7, Guae cum populo, quaeque in 
patribus aguntur, modica sunto:; id est, 
modesta atque sedata, Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 
40. 5, modestus: a most r. popula- 
tion, plebs modestissima, Cic. Agr. 2, 
31, 84: @ most r. man, homo modes- 
tissimus, id. Arch. 5, 9. IV. Of mo- 
derate size or amount: 1, médicus: 
ar sum of money, pecunia modica, Cic. 
Par 6,2: r. intervals, modica intervalla, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358. 2, médiocris, e: 
ar. stoutness, (of bedy), corpori medio- 
eris habitus accesserat, Cic. Brut. 91, 316. 
3. tdlérabilis,e: at a x, interest (of 
money) tolerabili foenore, Cie. Att. 6,1: 
post med, Phr.: to buy at a r. price, 








REASSURE 


bene emere, Cic. Att. 1, 13, extr.: what 
r. and consistent agreement is there 
among augurs ? quae est inter augures 
conveniens et conjuncta constantia? Cic. 
Div. 2, 39, 82. 

reasonableness : 1, aequitas : 
Cic. Caecin. 13, 37. 2. modératio - 
I know the r. of your disposition, 
novi moderationem animi tui, id Sen. 
5 en © 3. pridentia: the 7. (good 
sense) of the audience, auditorum pru- 
dentia eloquentiae moderatrix, id. Or. 
8, 24. 

reasonably: v. REAsON (II.), extr. 

reasoner: 1, dispitator: a sub- 
tle r.: Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3. 2. dialecticus: 
Diodorus a powerful r., Diodorus valens 
dialecticus, id. Fat. 6, 12. 3, argii- 
mentator: Tertull. An, 38. 

reasoning: 1, ratio: to be over- 
come by nor., nulla ratione vinci, Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 21, 48° this line of r. will ex- 
tend itself more widely, latius manabit 
haec ratio, ib. 2, 27, 66- see also below 
(3). 2. ratiocinatio Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 
57: and 37,67: v. RATIOCINATION. 3, 
argumentatio: in cases so pluin is r. to 
be looked jor? etiamne in tam perspi- 
cuis rebus argumentatio quaerenda ? Cic. 
Rose. Am. 35,97: to infer not only by 
probable r. but by mathematical demon- 
stration, non modo probabili argumen- 
tatione, sed etiam necessaria mathemati- 
corum ratione concludere, id. Fin. 5, 4, 
9. 4, disceptatio: forensic r.s, for- 
enses disceptationes, id. de Or. 2, 41, 
175- Phr.: rules of r., disserendi prae- 
cepta, id. Fin. 5, 4, 10- micety of r., 
subtilitas disputandi, id. Brut. 8, 31: let 
us return to the quirks (subtle r.s) of 
Clhrysippus, ad Chrysippi laqueos re- 
vertamur, id. Fat. 4, 6. 

reassemble: A. Trans.: 1, 
récolligo, égi, ectum, 3: the multitude 
having been 7.d, multitudine recvllecta, 
Just. 42, 3: 2. colligo (the force 
of the prep. re, being expr. in the 
obj. or by in unum, i. e. after disper- 
ston): assembling the remains from the 
slaughter .... (i.e. reassembling the sur- 
vivors), reliquias tantae cladis .... colli- 
gentem, Liv. 22, 56: he reassembled the 
rest at Adrumetum, Adrumeti reliquos 
ex fuga collegit, Nep. Hann. 6: when 
they were r.d after the dispersion of the 
panic, quum ex varia trepidatione in 
unum colligerentur, Liv. 21, 5. 4 
cOgo, coégi, coactum, 3: having r.d the 
army by withdrawing all the garrisons, 
omnibus praesidiis deductis, coacto in 
unum locum exercitu, Cues. B. C. 3, 74. 

4, condiico, xi, tum, 3: Metellus 

7d his soldiers, milites in unum con- 
duxit, Sall. Jug. 51. 5, contraho, xi, 
ctum, 3: he rs his scattered soldiers, 
dispersos milites in unum contrahit, 
ib, 98. Phr.: (1). rursus conviéco: 
he rs the chiefs of the conspiracy, 
rursus principes conjurationis convocat, 
id. Cat. 27. (2). rursus véco: and 
being r.d they changed their courses, 
Tursusque vocati convertere vias. Virg. 
Aen. 5, 581. B. Intrans.: rédeo, 
ii, itum, 4: after dispersion they began 
tor. in the forum, dilapsi in forum con- 
globati redibant (where the meaning is 
distributed betyyeen conglobati and re- 
dibant), Liv. 5, 41: v. ASSEMBLE. 

reassert: 1, assévératione affir- 
mo: Cic. Att. 13, 23. Q, \téro, 1: let 
him r. what he has said, quod dixit, 
iteret, id. Orat. 40, 137. 3. répeto, ii, 
itum, 3: the men of Salamis r. Homer 
to be their countryman, civem sunm esse 
repetunt, id. Arch. 8, 19: r.ing I will 
warn (i.e. will repeat the assertion), 
repetens iterumque iterumque monebo, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 436. Phr.: Jam in the 
habit of r.ing (i.e. of repeating the 
assertion), soleo....crebris usurpare 
sermonibus, Cic. Marc. 2, 5: Vv. ASSERT. 

reassume: résiimo, si, mtum, 3: the 
Tiber forfeits its title of a great river 
in the summer, r.s tt in the autumn, 
aestate immensi fluminis nomen deserit, 
autumno resumit, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, post 
med.: V. RESUME. 


reassure: 1, érigo, rexi, rectum, 





REBELLION 





3- I doubt not, but that he r.d him 
self even more by your letter, non 
dubito, quin tuis literis se magis etiam 
erexerit, Cic. Deiot. 14, 38: he began 
to r. his downcast mind, erigebat ani- 
mum jam demissum et oppressum, ib. 
21, 58: he rd the state with the hope 
of liverty, ad spem libertatis erexit, 
Auct. dom. Io, 25. 2. excito,1: Jr.d 
the senate in its depressed condition, se- 
natum abjectum excitavi, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 
med. 3, recréo,1: I r.d their down- 
cast spirits, recreavi animos afflictos, 
unumquemque confirmans, excitans, ib, 
4, confirmo, 1: Caesar rd the 
minds of the Gauls with a speech, Gal- 
lorum animos verbis confirmavit, Caes. 
BoG, 15.33: 5, récipio, épi,eptum, 3 
@ space for r.ing the mind afler fear, 
spatium recipiendi a pavore animum, 
Liv. 2, 50. 6, revéco, 1. r. your 
minds, revocate animos, Virg. Aen. 1, 
202. ‘J, rédintegro,1: with mind r.d, 
redintegrato animo, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 
rebaptism: iteratum baptisma, re- 
petitum b., Cod. ‘heod. 16, 6, 4: Bingh. 


12,5. Je 
rebaptize: 14, rebaptizo, 1- Cypr. 
Ep. 72: Aug. contr. Don. 1, 1, 2: Cod. 


Theod. 16, 6, 4. 2, denuo baptizo; 
Aug. Iinchoat. exp. in Rom. xix. s. 
emu baptizo, ib.: Cod. 'lheod. 16, 
, I. 
rebate (v.) : A Blunt, hébeto,1: 
they were glad that swords werer.d...., 
gludios hebetari retundique gaudebant, 
Plin. Paneg. 18: v. BLUNT. B. Abate 
price: 1, de capite dédiico, Liv. 6, 
15: that not a penny was r.d from any 
one, nummMumM nullum cuiquam esse de- 
ductum, Cic. Verr. 2, 3,78, 182. 2, im- 
minuo, ui, titum, 3; the price being r.d, 
imminuto pretio, Plin. H. N. 37, 1, 3, 
§6 vy. ABATE. 
rebate (subs.): A. Of money, 
déminutio, 3; Ulp. Dig. 37, 9, 1, § 20. 
B. Jn building or joinery (rabbet) : 
1. stria, or strix Vitruv. 3, 3, 
extr : ib. 4, 4. 9. striatura, ib. 
rebeck (mus. instr.) : 1. fidicula: 
Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22. 2, fides, is, f.: 
Fest.6. 3, perb. cithara? v. GurraR. 
rebel (adj.): 1, rébellis, e: Tac 
Ann. 1, go: Virg. Aen. 6, 858. 2. st- 
ditidsus: Tac, Ann. 1, 44. 8, per- 
duellis: Dig. 50, 16, 234. 4. per- 
duellionis reus: Dig. 48, 4, 11: yY. 
REBELLIOUS. 
rebel (subs.): lL. rebeilis: Tac. 
Phr.: arch-rebel, princeps conjurationis, 
Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 27: blood-thirsty r., par- 
ricida civium, ib. 12, 29. 2. hostis, 
hostis patriae: ib. 4, 10, 22. 
rebel (v.): 1. a republica deficio : 
Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28. 2. seditionem 
concito: id. Mur. 39, 83. 8, sedi- 
tionem commdyeo: Cic. Att. 2, 1, 6. 
4, rebello, r> Caes. B. G. 8, 44: 
Liv. 40, 35. 5, rebellionem tacio; 
Caes. 8 G. 4, 38. 6. descisco, ivi, 
or Ti, Itum, 3 and 4: 7” against the 
R. people, d. a populo Romano, Cic. Phil. 
II, 9, 21. Phr.: ad res novas con- 
surgo: Suet. Jul. g: jugum exuo: 
Tac. Agr. 31: colla jugo subtrabo, Ov. 
Rem, Am. go: jugum dejicio, Cic, Phil. 
I, 2, 6: jussa, imperium recuso, the 
earth never r.s, terra nunquam imperium 
recusat, Cic. Sem. 15,51: nor does Agestes 
”., nec jussa reeusat Acestes, Virg. Aen. 
5, 149. V. REBELLIOUS. 
pohoriion © ], séditio: ar. had 
broken out, seditio exarserat, Tac. Hist. 
2, 27: ther. tdci again, recru- 
descente seditione, Liv. 6, 18 the r. 
gaining ground datly, gliscente in dies 
seditione, ib. 14: the r. of the soldiers 


luas quelled by Appius. seditio militum 


sedata est ab Appio, Cic. Att. 5, 14: lo 
crush a r., seditionemm comprimo, Liv. 
5,2. 2, motus, as: r. of the slaves, 
motus servilis, Liv. 39, 29. 3. ti- 
multus, tis: of slaves, servilis tumultus, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 40: @ sudden r., repen- 
tinus tumultus, ib. 5, 26. 4, r&bellio: 
the Morini, who had raised a r., qui r. 
fecerant, Caes. B. G. 4, 38: a charge of 
r., crimen rebellionis, Liv. 8, 14. 5. 
647 


REBELLIOUS 





rébellatio, Tac, A. 14, 31. 6, rébel: 
lium, i, n.: only in Liv. 42, 21. 7, 
discordia: Tac. Hist. 4, 1. 8, per- 
duellio: v. REBEL (adj.), Phr.: rouses 
the slaves to x., servitia concitat, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 16, 13: planning 7., nova mo- 
lientem, Vell. 2, 129. 

rebellious : 1, rébellis, e: re- 
bellis Amor: Ov. R. Am. 246: Gallum 


rebellem: Virg. Aen. 6,859: refuses tne | 


load with 7. necle, detrectat onus cervice 
Febelli, Claud. Pros. 1, 156. 9. vé- 


bellatrix: Germania. Ov. Trist. 3, 12, | 
47: provincia: Liv. 40, 35. 3. sé- 


ditidsus; Tac. A. 1, 44. 4, turbi- 
lentus: r. and bad citizens, turbulenti 
et mali cives, Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 135. 

5, turbidus: Tac. A. 1, 43. 6. 
contiumax: a people r. towards their 
kings, contumacem :regibus populum 
suis, Sen. Thyest: 642. 7, indocilis: 
bearing the yoke on.r. neck, indocili 
jugum colle trahentes, Hor, Od. 3, 3, 14. 

8, insdlens: the most r. temper of 


the city of Numantia, insolentissimos | 


Numantinae urbis spiritus, Val. Max. 2, 
Ope 9, pervicax: the r. Thyads, 
pervicaces Thyadas, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 9: 
p. Musa: id. 3, 3, 72. Phr.: disposed 
to be r., novis rebus infidelis, Hor. Epod. 
16, 6: novarum rerum cupidus, Sall. 
Cat. 28: to be r., novis rebus studere, Cic. 
Cat. 1,1, 3° ftenos mordeo: Sen. Tranq. 
15,17: rerum novarum causam quaero : 
Cic. Agr. 2, 33, OI. 

rebelliously : 1, séditidsé: Cic. 
Cluent. 1, 2: to speak most r., seditio- 
sissime dicere, id. Att. 2, 21, 3. Bs) 
turbtilenté: to suffer hwman troubles v., 
turbulente humana patior, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
28, 60. 8, turbulenter: id. Fam. 2, 
16: extr. AL 

rebelliousness : animus seditiosus, 
in seditionem propensus, etc.: v. REBEL- 
LIOUS. 5 


rebellow: 1. vebio, 1: the woods | 


r., Teboant silvae, Virg. Georg. 3, 223. 
Q. rémiigio, 4: the Sibyl r.s in the 
cave, antro remugit, id. Aen. 6, 99. 
8. resono, 1: the house rs with 
wailings, resonant plangoribus aedes, id. 
12, 607. 
rebloom or reblossom: _l, re- 
floresco, ui, 3: Plin. H. N. 19, 8, 19, § 





160. 9, reviresco, 3: Ov. Met. 2, | 
408. 3. revivisco, revixi, 3: Col 4, 5. 
rebound : ],. résilio, ui, and ii, 


sultum, 4: the lance 7s like hail from a 
roof, non secus resilit (sarissa) quam 
tecti a culmine grando, Ov. Met. 12, 480: 
the rays r., radii resiliunt, Plin. H. N. 2, 
38, 38, § 103. 9, résulto, 1: darts r. 
from the helmet, tela resultant galea, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 330: the echo of the voice 


7.8, vocis offensa resultat imago, id. | 


Georg. 4,50. 3, répellor, pass., 3: 7.ing 


from the earth with (the earth having | 


been struck by) his feet, pedibus tellure 
repulsa, Ov. Met. 4, 710. 4. 


réper- | 


ciitior, pass.: voices r.ing from (ree | 


flected by) a bend-in a mountain, voces 
montis anfractu repercussae, Tac. A. 
4 51. 

rebuff (v.): 1, répello, repiili, 
pulsum, 3: you will not go away r.’d, 
hhaud repulsus abibis, Sall. Jug. 110. 


Q, rejicio, jéci, jectum, 3: likely to | 
r. one in his suit, rejectura petentem, | 


Ov. Met. 9, 512: af I were. 1.'d, si reji- 
cerer, ib. 606. 3, despicio, spexi, 
spectum, 3: despectus Iarbas: Virg. 
Aen. 4, 36. 


15, 36. 5, sperno, sprévi, sprétum, 


4, calcitro, 1: Cic. Coel. | 


3: let lovers who shall be rd consult | 


me, Me, Qui spernentur amantes, con- 
sultent, Tib. 1, 4,77 Vv. REJECT. 
rebuff (subs.) : 
candidate jor office): Scaurus received 
not only a r. but disgrace, non r. solum 
retulit, sed ignominiam, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 
138: having met with two r,s, duabus 
acceptis r., Cic. Plane. 21,51. 2, fasti- 
dium (scornful treatment): haughty r.s, 
superba fastidia, Virg. Ecl. 2, 15. 
rebuild : 1, restituo, 3: to r. 
Rome, Romam restituere, Liv. 5, 53: he 
r.t the walls of the Athenians, muros 
Atheniensinm restituit, Nep. hem. 6: 
648 


1. répulsa (of a) 





REBUKER 


Sen. Ep.9,13.°! 2, réficio, feci, fectum, 
3. until ‘you have rebuilt the temples, 
donec templa refeceris, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 2: 


the toil of r.ing the city, labor reficiendae | 


urbis, Liv. 6, 1. 8, répiro, 1 (poet.) : 
to r. the houses of Troy, tecta reparare 
Trojae, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 60. 4, répono, 
posui, positum, 3: to 7. broken bridges, 
pontes ruptos reponere, Tac. A. 1, 63: 
7. stone by stone, suo quemque loco lapi- 
dem reponere, Cic. Verr. 1, 56, 146. 5, 
denuo aedifico, 1: the whole house is being 
r.t, aedificantur aedes totae denuo, PI. 
Most.1, 2,34. 6, aedifico: hedestroys 
and builds, i.e. rebuilds, diruit, aedificat, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100. 7, reaedifico, 1: 
Tertull. Pudic. 20 (used only in eccl. 
Latin: in Liv. 5, 53, Cic. Att, 6, 1, exér. 
the true reading is aedifico). 8, in- 
stauro, 1: Isid. Orig. 19, 10, 1: Macrob, 
Sat. 1, 11, post init. 9, restauro, 1: 
Tac. A. 3,72: ib. 4,43. Phr.: tov. a@ 
column entirely, ab integro novam fa- 
cere (columnam), Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56,147: 
to reconstruct, ex redivivis constituere, 
ib. 148: I would have r.t Pergamos, 
Pergama recidiva posuissem, Virg. Aen. 
4, 344: the ships having been r,t, navibus 
ex Integro fabricatis, Suet. Aug, 16. 

rebuilt, to be: met. and poet. ré- 
surgo, rexi, rectum, 3: even if the wall be 
thrice v., ter si resurgat murus, Hor. Od, 
3, 3, 65: thou, Troy, shalt be r., eversa 
Troja resurges, Ov. Fast. 1, 523: the 
temples 7., renata templa, Mart. 6, 4, 3: 
the history of the r. city, urbis renatae 
gesta, Liv. 6, 1. 

rebuke(v.): 1, répréhendo, contr. 
réprendo, di, sum, 3: Caesar rd the 
rashness and eagerness of the soldiers, 
temeritatem cupiditatemque militum re- 
prehendit, Caes. B, G. 7, 52. 2, viti- 
pero, 1: I dare not r. your advice, tuum 
consilium vituperare non audeo, Cic. 
Mur. 29, 60. 3, objurgo, 1: he r.d 
my bashfulness, meam verecundiam 
objurgavit, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3. 4. in- 
ctiso, 1: he strongly r.d the centurions, 
vehementer incusavit, Caes. B.G. 1, 40. 
. §, incrépo (avi, atum), ti, tum, ©: 
they r. their conceit, increpant ecorum 
arrogantiam, Cic. Acad. 4, 23, 74. 6. 
incr&pito, 1: to r. the Belgae, increpitare 
Belgas, Caes. B. G. 2, 15. 7, rédar- 
guo, ui, 3: Tr. your inconsistency, in- 
constantiam tuam redarguo, Cic. Dom. 
g,21.  §, exprobro, 1: to 7. me because 
I continue in that state of life, expro- 
brare, quod in ea vita maneam, Cic. Fam. 
5, 15s 9, corripio, ui, reptum, 3: the 
consuls being r.d, determine, correpti 
decernunt, Liv. 2,28: you 7 as you 
ought, the faults of your unwise friend, 
corripis, ut debes, stulti peccata sodalis, 
Ov. Pont. 2, 6, 5. 10. 7. severely, 
exiigito, 1: Aeschines exagitat Demo- 
sthenem: Cic. Or. 8, 26. Phr.: castigo 
verbis: masters are wont tor. their boys, 
pueros magistri castigare solent verbis, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64: id. Off. 1, 25, 88: 
convicium facio: id. Att. 16, 8. 

rebuke (subs.): 1, répréhensio: 
Cic. Or. 1, £: to let alone the r. of fault, 
culpae reprehensionem relinquere, id. 
Phil. 32;) 10,) 25. 2, vittiperatio: to 
rejoice because I had escaped tiwo serious 
r.s, laetari quod effugissem duas maxi- 
mas vituperationes, ib. 16, 7. 8, ob- 
jurgatio: Cic. Am. 24, 89. 4. casti- 
gatio: id. Off. 1, 25. 5, convicium: 
I have scourged you with the silent r. 
of conscience, verberavi te cogitationis 
tacito convicio, id. Fam. 16, 26: see 
however Off. 3, 21, 83: where convicium 
bears a stronger meaning: you express 
true but too late r.s of my fault, vera 
facis sed sera meae convicia culpae, Ov. 
Pont. 2, 6, 7. 

rebuker: 1, répréhensor: Ov. 
HET un eza 9s 9. objurgator: we can 
appease kindly 7.s, benevolos objurga- 
tores placare possumus, Cic. N. D. 1, 
Eis 8, castigator: Brutus the r. of 
idle complaints, castigator inertium 
querelarum, Liv. 1, 59. 4, correptor : 
not an enemy, but ar. of wrong-doers, 
non hostis, sed correptor peccantium, 
Sen. Lr. 2, 10, 4. the worst men bear a 





RECAPITULATE 





1. most impatiently, pessimus quisque 
correptorem asperrime patitur, ib. 3, 
24; 1. 
rebus: *aenigma figuris expressum. 
rebut : 1, répello, repuli, pul- 
sum, 3: that reproach may be r.’d, con- 
tumelia repellatur, Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137. 
9, réfello, felli,3; her.’d the taunts, 
convicia refellebat, Suet. Ner. 41: to 
r. by arguments, refellere argumentis, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 88. 3. rédarguo, 
ui, 3: 7. me if I speak jalsely, redargue 
me si mentior, Cic. Cluent. 23, 62: he 
would have r.'d the charge, crimen redar- 
guisset, Quint. 11, 1,9. 4, respondeo, 
di, sum, 2, intrans., foll. by dat.: when 
I shall have r’d the charges, quum cri- 
minibus respondero, Cic. Plane. 3, 4. 
5, responso, 1: to r. proud fortune, 
fortunae responsare superbae, Hor. Ep. 
1,1,68. 6, réfero, rétiili (rett.), latum: 
how do Ir. this argument ? quid a nobis 
refertur ? Cic. Quint. 13,44: V. REPLY. 
rebutter: 1, replicatio: Just. 
Inst. 4, 14: Julian. Dig. 29, 10, 7: ib. 
44, 2, 24. 92. répréhensio: an argu- 
ment by which the adversaries’ assertion 
is confuted, per quam adversariorum 
confirmatio diluitur, aut infirmatur, Cic. 
Inv. 1, 42, 77. 
recall: 1, révdco, 1: the report 
r.'d the Samnites to Caudium, Samnites 
ad Caudium revocavit, Liv. y, 27: tor. 
one’s step, revocare gradum, Fire. Aen. 
6, 128: he determined to x. the soldiers, 
(milites) revocare constituit, Caes. B. C. 
I, 27: r.’d (as an actor or reciter), re- 
vocatus, Cic. Arch. 8, 18: Camillus r.d 
Srom banishment, revocatus de exsilio, 
Liv. 5, 46. 9. dévéco, 1: there is no 
reason for their ring him from his pro- 
vince, nibil est, quod eum a provincia 
devocent, Cic. Prov. 12,29. 3, répéto, 
ivi, and ji, Itum, 3: when I r. the me- 
mories of the past, memoria vetera repe- 
tenti, Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 1: r.tng her coun- 
tenance, repetens faciem, Ov. Met. 6, 491: 
4, rédigo, Ggi, actum, 3: he 7.’d to 
his recollection, in memoriam redegit, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, post init. 5, rédico, 
xi, ctum, 3: to 7. to memory, reducere 
in memoriam, Cic. Inv. 1, 52,98: tor. 
some one from banishment, quemdam 
de exsilio reducere, id. Phil. 2, 4, 9. 
6, rétriho, xi, tractum, 3: why do 
you 7. me? quid....me retrahis? Pl. 
Rud. 4, 3, 13- 7. rétracto, 1. there 
is no reason for the Aeneadae to r, their 
words, nihil est quod dicta retractent 
Aeneadae, Virg. Aen. 12, 11: the largesses 
ought not to be r.’d, largitiones retractari 
non oportet, Plin. Ep. ro, 112. 8, re- 
stituo, ui, itum, 3: a just cause for ring 
me, causa Justa restituendi mei, Cic. Mil, 
14, 36. Phr.: why did you choose to r. 
me? quid me reducem esse voluistis? 
Cic. Mil. 37,103 : a7.’ soldier, evocatus : 
a steady band of r.’d soldiers, evoca- 
torum firma manus, Cic. Fam. 15, 4: 
the voice once despatched cannot be rd, 
nescit vox missa reverti, Hor. A. P. 390. 
recall (subs.) ; ], réceptus, us; 
the signal of r. having been given, signo 


| receptui dato, Liv. 2, 62: he ordered the 


r, to be sounded, receptui cani jussit, 
Caes. B. G. 9, 47. 9. révocatio: we 
cannot hear the signal of 7., Tevoca- 
tionem a bello audire non possumus, Cic. 
Phil. 13, 7, 15: the r. of a word, revo- 
catio verbi, id. de Or. 3, 54,206. 3, ré- 
ditus, is: if you love me ebtain a x. for 
the men, reditum, si me amas,..,homi- 
nibus confice, Cic. Fam. 9, 13. 
recant: 1, récanto. 1: having 
rd your reproaches, recantatis oppro- 
briis, Hor. Od. 1,16,2%. 2, retracto, 1: 
v. RECALL. Pbhr.: palinodiam cano, 
Macrob. Sat. 7, 5: V. RECANTATION. 
recantation: 1. réceptus, is: @ 
time for 7. of too intolerant a sentiment, 
tempus ad receptum nimis pertinacis 
sententiae, Liv. 4, 57. 2. radwwdia: 
Cic. Att. 4, 5: ib. 7, 7. In Cicero’s time 
the Greek word appears to have been in 
use, which later was written in Roman 
letters. see Macrob. Sat. 7, 5. 
recapitulate : 1, éniméro, 1. 
2, in unum locum cogo; Cic. Inv. 











RECAPITULATION 


RECEIVE 


RECEPTION 


——— aaa 


1, 52,98. 3, colligo, légi, lectum, 3: 
Auct. ad Herenn. 2, 30, 47- 4, una 
comprehensione omnia complector : Cic. 
Fin. 5, 9, 26. 5, répéto, ti, and ivi, 
jtum, 3: what we have to r. must be run 
through point by point, quae repetemus 
...-decurrendum per capita, Quint. 6, 1, 
2: V. BECAPITULATION. He 
recapitulation: 1. énimératio: 
thus def. by Cic. (a) per quam res dis- 
perse et diffuse dictae, unum in locum 
coguntur: Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 98. (b) per 
quam colligimus et commonemus, qui- 
bus de rebus verba fecerimus, breviter , 
Auct. ad Herenn. 2, 30, 47: toaddar., 
subjicere enumerationem, Quint. 6, 1, 3: 
repetition and collection, which some 
Latin writers call enumeratio, repetitio 
et congregatio, Graece avaxehaAatwats, 
a quibusdam Latinorum enumeratio : 
Quint. 6, 1, ©. 2. comprehensio: v. 
RECAPITULATE (4). 3, collectio: Cic. 
Brut. 88, 302. 4, répétitio. §, con- 
grégatio: see above (1). 
recapture (v.): , 
ceptum, 3: Fabius who r.d Tarentum, qui 
Tarentum recepit, Cic. Sen. 4, 10. ; 
réciipéro, 1: the city having been rd 
From the Romans, recuperata urbe ab 
Romanis, Liv. 26, 39: v. RECOVER. 
recapture (subs.): 1, by verb: 
being detained some days in the r. of 
the cities of the Bruttii, retentus aliquot 
dies in recipiendis civitatibus Bruttio- 


tum, Liv. 23, 11. 2. récipératio 
(récip-): Just. 30, r. 
recast : 1, récéquo, xi, ctum, 3: | 





1, récipio, cépi, | 


they r. their fathers’ swords, recoquunt 


patrios fornacibus enses, Virg. Aen. 7, 
636: they made swords out of iron 7., 
e ferro recocto gladios fecerunt, Flor. 
3, 20, 6. 9. réficio, féci, fectum, 3: 
I send (the original) revised and. re- 
cast in many places, (apxétuTrov) mitto 


crebris locis inculcatum et refectum, Cic. 


Att. 16, 3. 8. réfingo, 3: or perh. 
réfigo, xi, xum, 3: the bees r. their 
waren , cerea regna refingunt 


(refigunt?), Virg. Georg. 4, 202. 4, 
réndvo,1: orationem: Auct. ad Herenn. 
2, 30, 47). 
r. law- , actiones, Plin. Kp. 5, 8: 
r. commentaries, commentarios, Suet. 
Jul. 56. G, rétracto, 1: to r. the 
poems of friends, carmina amicorum... 
retractare, Suet. Gram. 2: about to r. 
my treatise, cvvrayua retractaturus, Cic. 
Att. 16, 3: I intend to r. these law- 
cases, has (causas) destino retractare, 
Plin. Ep. 5, 8. 7, conflo, 1: sickles 
are r. to male a sword, falces conflantur 
in ensem, Virg. Georg. 1, 508. 

recede: ‘1. récédo, cessi, cessum, 
3: the lands and cities x. (from view), 
terraeque urbesque recedunt, Virg. Aen. 
3,72: you r. from your words, a verbis 
Tecedis, Cic. Caecin. 13, 37: a painter 
makes us believe that some parts in his 
work project, and others r., efficit, ut 
quaedam eminere in opere, quaedam re- 
cessisse credamus, Quint. 2,17, 2%. Q, 


discédo: one ought not to r. from one’s | 


conscience even a finger’s breadth, a recta 
conscientia transversum unguem non 
oportet discedere, Cic. Att. 13, 20. i 
secédo: as much as from the highest, so 
much did the globe of the earth r. from 
the lowest, quantum a summis, tantum 
Secessit ab imis terra, Ov. Fast. 6, 279. 
4, réfiigio, tigi, 3: the Huxine en- 
on the lands r.ing to a great 
distance, longe retugientes occupat 
terras, Plin. H. N. 4, 12,24,§76. 5, 
rélabor, psus, 3- the r.ing waters, rela- 
bentes undas, Claud. laus Ser. 79. 6. 
réfluo, 3: Viber rang stopped, Thybris 
refluens substitit, Virg. Aen. 8, 87: v. 
RETIRE. 
receding (part.) : 1, réfiigus: 
Tantalus caught at ther. water, undam 
eepnvil refugam, Ov. Met. ro, 42. 3) 
réfluus: the Kuxine flows into the Pro- 
pontis, the sea never r. entirely into the 
HLuaxine, prorsus in Pontum nunquam 
refluo mari, Plin. H. N. 2, 97, too, § 219. 
receipt (subs.) - I. Act of re- 
ceiving: ], acceptio: Cic. Top. 8, 37: 
or with the verb: after the r. of the 


5, rescribo, psi, ptum, 3: to. 


| 
| 
| 
| 
| 





letter, acceptis literis: cf. Cic. Fam. 1, 
g, 26: after the r. of the money, 
pecunia accepta; cf. id. Off. 2, 23, 82. 
2. réceptio: Pl. Asin. 5, 2, 70. 
Il. Legal r. or release: 1, ac- 
ceptilatio, or in two words, accepti latio : 
unless the r. agree with the bond, the 
release is incomplete, nisi consentiat ac- 
ceptilatio cum obligatione ...., imper- 
fecta est liberatio, Paul. Dig. 46, 4, 14: 
v. Dict.of Ant.p.2. 2, apdcha: there 
is nor. until the money be paid, apocha 
non alias contingit, quam si pecunia 
soluta sit, Ulp. ib. 19. II. Value ve- 
ceived : 1, acceptum: 7. and expen- 
diture ought to have been entered in a 
book, in codicem acceptum et expensum 
referri debuit, Cic. Rosc. C. 3, 8: so 
that the proportion of r.s and payments 
may be equal, utratio par sit acceptorum 
et datorum, id. Am. 16, 58: enter or 
acknowledge as a r., habeo acceptum: 
what I promised you, do you acknow- 
ledge as received, i.e. treat as a r.? 
quod ego tibi promisi, habesne acceptum ? 
Ulp. big. 46, 4, 6 Q. réditus, tis: 
every one likes his own 7.8, reditus 
quisque suos amat, Ov. Pont. 2, 3,17: 
Vv. PROFIT, REVENUE, RETURN. IV. 
Medical or culinary prescription or ve- 
cipe: compdsitio: I write down whole- 
some admonitions, like r.s for useful 
medicines, salutares admonitiones, velut 
medicamentorum utilium compositiones 
literis mando, Sen. Ep. 8, 2: see also 
Veget. Veter. 1, 17, and Apicius, 1, 1. 
receive: 1. accipio, 3 (gen. term): 
what he gives, we r., quod dat, acci- 
pimus, Cic. Fam. 1, 1: Verves 7s the 
money, pecuniam accipit, id. Verr. 2, 9, 
25: the Parthian leader 7.d a@ wound, 
dux Parthorum vulnus accepit, id. Fam. 
>, 20: he increased the glory v.d from 
his father, gloriam a patre acceptam 
auxit, Nep. Timoth. 1: when Dido shall 
r. you in her lap, quum te gremio acci- 
piet Dido, Virg. Aen. 1,685. 2, capio, 
cépi, captum, 3: until the land of Egypt 
vd them wearied, donec tessos Aegyptia 
tellus ceperit, Ov. Met. 5, 324: J rd 
great pleasure from your letter, maguam 
voluptatem ex tuis literis cepi, Cic. Fam. 
Il, 28. 3. excipio, 3 (to 7., meet, or 
entertain @ person or thing coming): he 
must r. all the shots, omnia tela excipiat, 
necesse est, Cic. Verr. 2, 72,177: on my 
departure from great Rome, Aricia r.d 
mé, egressum magna me excepit Aricia 
Roma, Hor. S. 1, 5,1: we hear that the 
envoys were well r.d, aadimus (legatos) 
benigne exceptos, Liv. 41, 24: benigno 
vultu, ib. 30, 14: he w rd with an 
outery (of displeasure), excipitur cla- 
more, Cic. Verr. 5, 36, 94. 4, per- 
cipio, 3 (to get): to r. rewards, praemia 
percipere, Caes. B. C. 2, 32: we 7. by 
the mind impressions from without, 
animo, quae extra sunt, percipimus, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 59, 147. 5, récipio, 3: ifthe 
people had r.d so much out of his goods, si 
tantum ex ejus bonis populus recepisset, 
Cic. Rab. 13, 37: they say that the Lace- 
daemonians r.d the old man to a seat 
among themselves, senem illum sessum 
recepisse, id. Sen. 18,63. 6, suscipio, 3 : 
they r. the warm blood in bowls, tepidum 
cruorem suscipiunt pateris, Virg. Aen. 
6, 249: scars r.d in war, susceptae bello 
cicatrices, Quint. 6, I, 21. 7. prae- 
cipio, 3: takeor r.an inheritance before- 
hand: Plin. Ep. 5,7: Papin. Dig. 17, 2, 
81. 8, féro, tili, latum, 3: when you 
have rd that answer from me, quam id | 
a me responsum tulisses, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19. 
. ascisco, ivi, itum, 3 (into a code 
of laws): if the allies of the people and 
the Latins should have rd what the 
Roman people ordered, then the people 
would be bound....si id ascivissent 
socii populi ac Latini, tum lege eadem 
is populus teneretur, Cic. Balb. 8, 20. 
10. ascribo, psi, ptum, 3 (into a 
body, of citizens, or the like) ; he thought 
proper to be r.d into that city, ascribi se 
in eam civitatem voluit, Cic. Arch. 4, 6. 
11, cdopto, 1 (by choice of members 
of an existing body): it was necessary 
that an old citizen should be r.d, veterem 





civem cooptari necesse erat legibus, Cic. 
Verr. 2, §0,124: Jam anxious that my 
son Cicero should be r.d into your cor- 
poration, in collegium vestrum cooptari, 
Cic. Ep.ad Brut.5. 192, admitto, 3- an 
attempt was made to prevent the envoys 
from being r.d, data est opera ne 
(legati) admitterentur, Liv. 41,24 18, 
aggrégo, 1: I am wont to r. you inta 
our number, te in nostrum numerum 
aggregare soleo, Cic. Mur. 7,16. Phr.: 
I have devoted myself to r.ing visits 


Jrom my friends, salatationi nos de- 


dimus amicorum, Cic. Fam. 7, 28: no 
ome called on me, whom I was too busy 
to r. (‘not at home’), cui fuerim ow 
cupatus, Cic. Sen. 10, 32: I r.d great 
pleusure in hearing, maxima sum lag 
titia affectus, quum audivi, ib. 15, 4- 
to be well rd by men of taste, a doctis 
probari, Cic. Brut. 50, 189: J am, de- 
cidedly, r.d coldly, plane jam frigeo, Cic. 
Fam. 11, 14: he was r.d with hisses, 
sibilis explodebatur, Cic. Rose. C. 11, 
30: 7. us with fairness, adeste aequo 
animo, Ter. pro Andr 24: to r. witha 
smile, arridere; with scorn, deridere : 
V. TO DERIDE. 

receiver: |. One who receives: 

1, réceptor (usu. in a bad sense): 

r. of plunder, r. praedarum, ‘fac. A. 4, 
23. 2. réceptrix, f.: of plundered 
and stolen goods, praedarum ac furtorum, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 8, 17. 3. réceptator (in 
the habit of receiving): of robbers, 
latronum, Cic. Mil. 19, 50. 4, ri- 
tionalis (of rents and money): Lampr. 
Alex. Sev. 45: he soon changed his r.s, 
rationales cito mutabat, ib. Pbr.: 
the duty of a r., rationale officium, Cod. 
Io, 19,6. 5, susceptor: (a) of money, 
pecuniarum, Ascon. in Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, 
102: (6) of stolen goods: Ulp. Dig. 11, 
Aa G. exactor (of customs): Caes. 
BiG.s3, 323 7. portitor (of customs) : 
Cie. Off. 1, 42, 150. |. Vessels for 
r.ing: excipila, orum: having placed 
the r.s underneath . . . . subditis excipu- 
lis....humor lactis videtur effluere, 
Plin. H. N. 25, 7, 38, § 98: ib. 9, 22, 38, 
§ 75: baskets for ving, quali exceptorii, 
Dig. 33, 7, 8. 

recent: 1, récens: to be elated 
wilh ar. victory, recenti victoria efferri, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 47 [recens wider in range 
than novus). 2. propior, us (more 
recent): I come to the more r. letter, 
venio ad propiorem epistolam, Cic. Att. 
yep 8, crudus (lit. unripe, raw: 
a highly fig. expr.): 7. slavery, c. servi- 
tium, Tac. A. 1,8: 7. wounds, c. vuinera, 
Ov. Trist. 3, 11, 19: V. FRESH, NEW. 

recently: récens: niiper : v. LATELY. 

receptacle: 1. réceptaciilum: (the 
stomach) a r. for food and drink, cibi 
et potionis, Cic. N. 1). 2, 54, 136: for 
enemies, hostium, Liv. 1, 33: for mer- 
chandise, mercibus, id. 38, 30: the sewer, 
ar. for the filth of the city, purgamen- 
torum urbis, Liv. 1, 56: 7.s for water, 
receptacula aquae, Vitruy, 2,7. 2, ex- 
ciptila, orum: see RECEIVER (I1.), 3. 
licus, Os, m.: for water: Plin. H. N, 
36, 15, 24, § 121: for wine, Ov. Fast. 4, 
888: Tib. 2, 3, 36: lacus vinarius, Cato 
R. R. 25: Col. 1, 6, 14. 4, ‘abrum: 
Virg. Georg. 2,6. v. vat. 5. cella, 
ae: for wine, vinaria; for bread, pena- 
ria; for oil, olearia: Cic. Sen. 16, 56: 
Col. 1, 6, 9: cella proma, a storehouse, 
Tertull. Res. Carn. 27. 6, cisterna, 
ae: Col.1,5,2. 7, cellarium: Tertull 
u. Ss. 8, r.s, loci receptorii, ib. 

reception: 1. réceptio (rare): Pl. 
Asin. 5, 2,70: where it is foll. by an acc. 
receptio meum virum Ulp. Dig. 8, 4, ro. 

9, iiditus, iis, m. (access Jor inter- 

view): he did not give r. to peti- 
tioners, a. petentibus conveniendi non 
dabat, Nep. Paus. 3: @ more Jriendly 
r., a. familiarior, Liv. 24, 5. 3. con- 
gressus, tis, m.: more difficult r., con- 
gressus durior, Tac. A. 4, 74. 4. 
hospitium, m.: we are excluded from 
r. on the sand, hospitio prohibemur 
arenae, Virg. Aen. I, §40: preys upon 
one’s estate by constant r.s of wayfarers, 
assiduis devertentium hospitiis infestat 


RECEPTIVE 


RECKLESSNESS 





rem familiarem, Col. 1, 5, 7. 5, ad- 
missio: facility of r., admissionum faci- 
litas, Plin. Paneg. 47: the office of r., 
officium admissionis, Suet. Vesp. 14. 
Phr.: when he by great solicitation ob- 
tained a r., qaum admitti magna ambi- 
tione aegre obtinuisset, Just. 1, 3. 6. 
ascitus, is,m.: the r. of pleasure (is) the 
absence of pain, ascitum (voluptatis) 
doloris vacuitatem, Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 17. 
Phr.: meet with a favourable or unfa- 
vourable r.: v RECEIVE (3), 
receptive: 1. réceptrix Apul. 
Mund. 19, p. 265 (Elm.). 2. récep- 
torius, a, um: Tertull. Res. Carn. 27. 
8, docilis, e Hor. Od. 4, 6, 43. 
4, capax. acis: 7. ears, aures ca- 
paces, Cic. Or. 29, 104. 
recevtivity ; capacitas: Cic. Tusc. 
I, 25, 61. 
recess: |, Place of retirement : 
1, récessus, tis, m.: a cave in a deep 
r. longo spelunca recessu, Ov, Met. 11, 
592 (Met.) 7.s in men’s minds, in 
animis hominum latebrae et recessus, 
Cic. Mare. 7, 22. 2, s@cessus, iis, m. ¢ 
a place in a deep 7., in secessu longo 
locus, Virg. Aen. I, 159. 3, adytum : 
from the lowest 7s, adytis ab imis, id. 
5, 84. 4, latebrae, arum: 7.s of life, 
latebras animae mucroue resolvit, id. 
10,601. §, latibilum: like a serpent 
from its r., tanquam serpens e latibulis, 
Cic. Vat. 2, 4. G. pénetrale, is, n.: 
r. of the city, penetrale urbis, Liv. 41, 
20. in the rs of the house, tecti in 
penetralibus, Virg. Aen. 7, 59: r.s of 
the royal dwelling, veterum penetralia 
regum, ib. 2, 484. 7, zthéca, or 
zothécula: (a cupboard or shelf), Plin. 
Ep. 2,17: Sidon. Ep. 8,16. Phr.. wind- 
ing recesses, sinus reductos, Virg. Aen. 
I, 161: 7.s of the earth, terrae abdita, 
Lucr. 6, 89: 7.8 of the woods, occulta 
saltuum, Tac. A. 1, 61. |]. Zolydays: 
fériae: forenses f., Cic. de Or. 3, 22, 85: 
days of r., dies feriati, Plin. Ep. 10, 24: 
v. HOLYDAYS. 
recipe; V. RECEIPT. 
recipient: v. RECEIVE, RECEIVER. 
recivrocal: 1, mutuus: the 7, 
good will of a friend, amici mutua bene- 
volentia, Cic. Am. 6, 22: equal and r. 
kindnesses, officia paria et mutua, id. 
Fam. 13, 65° disliked by Agrippina 
with r, hatred, mutuis odiis Agrippinae 
invisus, Tac. Ann. 14, 3. V. MUTUAL. 
2. réciprécus. taliones reciprocae, 
Gell. 20, 1, 36: Varr. L. L. 4, 81. v. RE- 
TALIATION, RECIPROCITY. 
reciprocally: 1. mutuo: Jove me 
r. (as I love you, a form of concluding a 
letter), me mutuo diligas, Plane. ap. Cic. 
Fam. 10,7: ib.15:ib.17. 2, vicissim: 
we ask and grant this allowance r., hanc 
veniam petimusque damusque vicissim, 
Hor, A. P. 11. 3, invicem: that we 
may love r. (each other) more warmly, 
invicem ardentius diligamus, Plin. Ep. 
7, 20: everything is r. hostile, cuncta 
invicem hostilia, Tac. Hist. 3, 46. Phr.: 
ultro citroque: favours r. exchanged, 
beneficiis ultro citroque datis acceptis, 
Cic. Off. 1,17, 56. inter se, Virg. Georg. 
I, 489: V MUTUALLY, TOGETHER. 
reciprocate: 1, réeféro, rettiili, réla- 
tum, 3: you will r. to her my best wishes, 
referes ei plurimam salutem, Cic. Att. 
16, 3: r. like for like, par pari referto, 
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55: Cic. Fam. 1,9: tor. 
thanks, gratias referre, ib. 11, 13: no 
duty is more needful than that of r.ing 
favour, nullum officium referenda gratia 
Magis necessarium est, id. Off. 1, 15, 47 - 
ib. 49. 2. respondes, i, sum, 2° that 
you may r. word for word, as like to like, 
ut verbum verbo, par pari respondeas, 
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 35. Phr.: to r. real 
words, veras audire et reddere voces, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 409: V. RETURN, EX- 
CHANGE. 
reciprocity: 1. vicis, em, e (no 
nom.): in this r. of talk, hac vice ser- 
monum, Virg. Aen. 6, 535 to fulfil r. 
towards injury rather than to kindness, 
injuriae quam beneficio, vicem exsolvere, 
PaciHe a2 9. vicissitido, nothing 
us mare eee than the r of tastes and 
50 








RECKON 





duties, nihil vicissitudine studiorum offi- 
ciorumque jucundius, Cic. Am. 14,49. 3. 
mutuum, adj. n.: what r. you think 
there is in friendship, I know not, quid 
tu existimes esse in amicitia mutuum, 
nescio, Cic. Fam. 5, 2. v. RECIPROCAL, 
INTERCHANGE. 

recital: 1, narratio credible r.s, 

narrationes credibiles, Cic. Or. 36, 124: 

2. commémoratio- in the constant 
+. of all enormties, in assidua comme- 
moratione omnium flagitiorum, Cic. 
Verr. 1, 39, 101. 3. Eniimératio: of 
the annals, fastorum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12. 

4, récitatio Auct. ad Herenn. 2, 
0, 15. 5. narratus, is a time will 
come for my r.s, veniet narratibus hora 
tempestiva meis, Ov Met. 5, 499. 6. 
rélatio: of deserts, meritorum, Quint. 4, 
I, 13: of transactions, rerum gestarum, 
Just. 2, I. 7, historia. worthy of r. 
(in a letter), Cic. Att. 2,8. Phr : who 
in the r. of such things can refrain 
Srom tears? quis talia fando temperet a 
lacrymis? Virg. Aen. 2, 6. 

recitation : 1, récitatio: of a 
letter, literarum, Auct, dom. 9, 22: 71.5, 
recitationes, Plin. Ep. 1,13. Q, lectio: 
Nep. Att. 14. 

recitative : 
Cange. 

recite: 1, récito,1: Ir.d the edict, 
recitavi edictum, Cic. Quint. 29, 89. to 7. 
compositions, libellos recitare, Mart. 1, 
30, 2: passages already r.d, loca jam 
recitata, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223. 2. pro- 
nuntio, 1. we will r. gravely and with 
grace, graviter et venuste pronun- 
tiabimus, Auct. ad Herenn. 4, 56, 69: 
Demosthenes, ring from memory many 
passages, memoriter multa. . pro- 
nuntians, Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 88. 3, cano, 
cécini, cantum, 3: Simonides, having 1-.d 
the poem, quum cecinisset id carmen, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 86,352. 4, décanto, 1. dole- 
Sul elegies, miserabiles elegos, Hor. Od. 1, 
Eey eh 5, expono, posui, positum, 3: 
L will r. from memory, ex memoria 
exponam, Cic. Cat. 3, 6, 13. 6, ex- 
pédio, 4 (explain): I will r. the whole 
story, omnem expediam prima repe- 
tens ab origine famam, Virg. Georg. 4, 
286. 

—— again: révolvo, vi, titum, 3: loca 
jam recitata revolvo, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223: 
dictata decantare, Cic. Fin. 4, 4: he 7e- 
peated things already r.d, dictata pertulit 
(al. protulit), Juv. 6, 391. Phr.: a 
speech r.d from memory, oratio memori- 
ter habita, Cic. Acad. 4, 19, 63. 

reciter: récitator Cic. Cluent. 51, 
140: Plin. Ep. 1, 13. 

reckless: |. Careless (free from 
care): séctrus: r. what may be alarm- 
ing Tiridates, quid Tiridaten terreat,... 
securus, Hor. Od. 1, 26, 6: . of the af- 
Sections of his sister, amorum germanae, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 350. I]. Rash, head- 
strong: 1. témérarius, Caes. B. G. 1. 
31: r valour, temeraria virtus, Ov. Met. 
8, 407 2, negligens (part.): r. lead- 
ers, improvidi et negligentes duces, Cic. 
Att. 7, 20° 1. of property of others, 
careful of one’s own, de alieno negligens, 
de suo diligens- Plin. Ep. 4, 13. 5}. 
incautus; more than usually r., magis 
solito incauti, Liv. 5, 44. il. Stupid, 
blind: 1, sdcors, dis: men not r. in 
respect of .. truth, homines non socordes 
ad veri investigandi cupiditatem, Cic. 
Ne Dien 4: 9. dissdlitus: J wish 
im such perils not to seem r., me non 
dissolutum videri, id. Cat. 1, 2, 4. = 
incuriosus : neither 7. of fame nor a 
bragyart, famae nec incuriosus nec ven- 
ditator, Tac. Hist. 1,49. Phr.: are you 
r of inflicting an injury on posterity ? 
negligis immeritis nocituram postmodo 
te natis fraudem committere? Hor. Od. 


*planus cantuss Du 


I, 28, 80. 

recklessly ; 1, inconsidératé, 
Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103. 9, témére: v. 
RASHLY. 

recklessness: |, Freedom from 


anxiety : séctiritas, Quint. 2, 2, 6. Il. 
Carelessness: 1, negligentia; in lay- 
ing accusations, in accusando, Cic. Rose. 
Am. 21, 59. 2, inciria: soldiers de- 





stroyed by 7., milites incuria....cou 
sumti, id. Prov, Cons. 3, 5. 3, 1émé- 
Yitas (rashness, doing things at hap- 
hazard, inconsiderateness). Join: te- 
Meritas et negligentia, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 
ror: temeritate quadam, sine judicio vel 
modo, ib. 1, 15, 49. 
reckon: |. Zo count, to nwmber 
A, Trans: 1, nuiméro, 1. 
twice a day they r. the flock, bis die 
numerant pecus, Virg. Hcl. 3, 34. the 
strings are r.’d, numerantur pectine 
chordae, Juv.6. 381. 2, adniiméro (with 
sense of addition): I perchance should 
be rd in the number, ego forsitan.... 
in grege adnumerarer, Cic. Rosc. Am. 
32, 89. 3. dintiméro (one by one): 
the stars, dinumerare stellas, id. Off. 1, 
43, 154. 4, éntméro (r. up a total): 
the soldier r.s up his wounds, the s 
herd his sheep, enumerat miles vul- 
nera, pastor oves, Prop. 2, I, 44. I 
censeo, ui, sum, 2 (strictly in a legal 
sense): the family in which you are 
r.d, domui, de qua censeris, Ov. Pont. 
3, I, 75: also censeor, as dep.: Marcia 
has r..d her among her own companions, 
hanc....est inter comites Marcia censa 
suas, id. I, 2, 140. 6. accenseo (with 
sense of addition): Iam r.’d to belong 
to her, accenseor illi, id Met. 15, 546. 
7, percenseo (7. the total): tor. up 
deserts by counting, promerita percen- 
sere numerando, Cic. Post Red. 1, 1. 
8. recenseo (7. up, recount): An- 
chises was rang the number of his 
people, suorum recensebat numerum, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 682: 7. up your noble 
deeds, tortia gesta recense, Ov. Her. 9, 
105. 9. piito, 1: if the number of 
soldiers rather than of legions be r.'d, 
si numerus militum potius, quam le- 
gionum putetur, Tac. Hist. 3, 2. 10. 
computo: he had r.’d the sum, he had 
ordered the payment, computarat, pecu- 
niam imperarat, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94. 
11, impiito: days pass and arer.’d, 
soles...pereunt et imputantur, Mart. 5, 
20) 1s 12, repiito (travel back in 
r.ing): to those who r. up past times, 
tempora reputantibus, Tac. Hist. 2, 50. 
13. supptito: he x.s on his fingers, 
supputat articulis, Ov. Pont. 2, 3, 18. 
14, dico, xi, ctum, 3: we 7. 100 times 
100 feet, the result is 10,000, ducimus 
centies centenos (pedes); fiunt decem 
millia, Col. 5,2, 1: Z do not r. in this 
account those...., non duco in hac ra- 
tione eos...., Cic. Verr. 3, 49, 116: £ 
say that I shall r.12 per cent., dico me 
centesimas ducturum, id. Att. 6, 1, 7}. 
15, aestimo, 1: 7. the cost of these 
things, harum rerum pretia aestimate, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 9, 23: 7. damages, aestimo 
lites, Coel. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8. 16, de- 
scribo, psi, ptum, 3: to r. the sums of 
money according to the number of the 
soldiers, pro numero militum pecunia- 
rum summas describere, id. Verr. 5, 
25, 62: large sums are r.’d, pecuniae 
maximae describuntur, id. Fam. 12, 1. 
B. Intrans.: ratidcinor, 1: we 
have defined this art by its utility in 
measuring and r.ing, metiendi, ratio- 
cinandique utilitate hujus artis termi- 
navimus modum, Cic. Tuse. 1, 2,5. |f. 
Chiefly in moral sense: 1, diico, xi, 
ctum, 3: he r.d those duties of more 
value than money, pluris ea (officia) 
duxit quam omnem pecuniam, Cic. Att. 
1, 3, 5° (a wise man) because he r.’d 
little of that, (sapiens) quia parvi id 
duceret, id. Fin. 2, 8, 24. 2. pendo, 
pépendi, sum, 3: you r. little of it, that 
it has fallen to your lot, non magni 
pendis, quia contigit, Hor. S. 2, 4, 93- 
3. appono, pésui, pdsitum, 3. r. as 
gain, lucro appone, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 15. 
4, dépiito, 1: tor. as gain whatever 
may happen beyond one’s hope, quidquid 
praeter spem eveniat, omne id deputare 
esse in lucro, Ver. Phorm. 1,5,16. 5, 
référo, rettili, rélatum, 3. r.s in the 
number of the gods, in deorum numero 
refert, Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29: (understand) 
that it is not on these terms that I have 
r’d and will r....., me non ita disertos 
homines et retulisse in oratorum nu- 


a 


ea 


RECKON ON 


merum et relaturum, id. Brut. 36, 137. 
6, scribo, psi, ptum, 3: 7. this man 
among your crew, scribe tui gregis 
hunc, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 13. 7, ad-cribo: 
do you r. me among such a number, ad- 
scribe me talem in numerum, Cic. Phil. 
2, 13, 34. 
reckon on: confido, fisus sum, 3 
(usu. with dat. of person or abl. of thing 
relied on): that they must r. on home 
resources .... for the security of the 
city, ut domesticis opibus .... de salute 
urbis confiderent, Caes. B. C. 2, 5. 
reckoning on: frétus(with abl.): r. 
on your support, vobis fretus, Cic. Plane. 
42, 103: Ihave seen many deceived wio 
r.'d on the support of the gods, vidi ego 
dis fretos saepe multos decipi, Pl. Cas. 2, 
5, 40. Phr.: r. without one’s host, 
frustro or frustror, 1: ego me frustro, 
Pl. Mil. 3, 3, 9: J have often r.’d..., 
saepe me spes haec frustrata est, Ter. 
Andr. 2, 2, 37: on which having r.’d..., 
in quo quum eum opinio fefellisset, Nep. 


Ages. 3. 
reckoner : 1, ritidcinator, Cic. 
Att. 1, 12. compiitator. most 


careful r.s, diligentissimi computatores, 
Sen. Ep. 87,5. 3, suppiitator, Firmic. 
—,, ready (a book to help in calcu- 
lation): perh, memorialis libellus, Suet. 
Jul. 56. 
reckoning : 1, ratio, dnis, f.: 
compare r.s, rationes conferatis, Cic. Att. 
5,21, 8: if you wish to make a true r., 
Si vis veram rationem exsequi, ‘l'er. Hec. 
3,1, 26: we ought to make ar. of work 
done, and of days, rationem inire oportet 
operarum, dierum, Cato R. R. 2, 2° ar. 
of profit will be made, inibitur ratio 
quaestus de vestra pecunia, Cic. Leg. 
Agr. 2, 25, 67: having begun and cast 
up the 7., inita subductaque ratione, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 71. 2. ratidcinium : 
the r. which we shall give, r. quod tradi- 
turi sumus, Col. 5, 1, 8. 8. raitiona- 
Tium: of the empire, r. imperii, suet. 
Aug. 28. 4, a little v., ratinnctila: J 
have made out a little r., subduxi ratiun- 
culam, Pl. Cure. 3, 1, 1. 5. compii- 
tatio, Plin. H. N. 6, 33, 386 2c9. 6. 
supputatio, Vitruv 3.1. ‘7, réc2nsus, or 
recensio: 7. of the people, r. populi, Suet. 
Jul. 41. 8, nimérus: a 7. of the 
slain could hardly he made, numerus 
interfectorum haud facile iniri potuit, 
Liv. 38, 24: the . will agree, conveniet 
numerus, Ter, Phorm. 1, 2, 2: reduce 
each point to a r., ad numeros exige 
quidque suos, Ov. Rem. 372. 9, dinii- 
mératio, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207. 10. 
menstra: we will make r.s of the fields, 
mensuras inibimus agrorum, Col. ¢, 3, 1. 
Phr.: to make a r., ad calculos vocare, 
Cic. Am. 16, 58: if the state calls him to 
@r.,si ad calculos eum respublica vocet, 
Liv. 5, 4. 
—, dead (at sea): perh. *spatii 
navigatione confecti mera supputatio. 
reclaim: |. To ask back: 1, 
répéto, ivi or ii, itum, 3° to r. plumage, 
repetitum plumas, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 18 
money, pecunias, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 48, 127: 
to r. goods by legal process, bona repe- 
tere ac persequi lite, ib. 3, 13,32. 2, 
perséquor, ciltus, 3. we can r. our 
property, possumus rem nostram perse- 
qui, Cic. Quint. 13, 45: you take away 
power of ring his right, persequendi 
juris sui adimis potestatem, id. Div. in 
Caecil. 6, 21. 3. r&éposco, 3: to r, 
standards from Parthians, Parthos re- 
poscere signa, Virg. Aen. 7, 606: J lent 
him a, talent, I will r. it, talentum mu- 
tuum dedi, reposcam, Pl. Trin. 3, 2, 102. 
4, réquiro, sivi and sii, situm, 3 ; hav- 
ing r.’d the ving forced from him, quum 
extractum sibi anulum....-requisisset, 
Suet. Tib. 73. 5, rectipéro, 1 we sent 
ambassadors to r. the money from him, 
qui ab illo pecuniam recuperarent, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 16,41. we hurry tor. our liberty, 
rapimur ad libertatem recuperandam, 
Cic. Phil. 13, 7, 15 V RECOVER. I. 
To call back from error, to reform: 
1, révdco, 1: the effigy of your 
grandfather which ought to have r’d 





RECLUSE 


RECOIN 





you from so great a crime, quae te a 
lanto scelere revocare debuit, Cic. Cat. 
BoP Ss) XO> 2. reprehendo, i, sum, 3 
to r. your ways, vestros reprehendere 
cursus, Prop. 3, 7,9. 3. corrigo, rexi, 
rectum, 3: the state is wont to be r.d by 
self-denial, emendari et corrigi solet 
continentia, Cic. Leg. 3,13, 30: take pains 
tor my son, corrigere mili natum porro 
enitere, Ter, Andr. 3, 4, 17: why do you 
not r. him to good conduct, quin ad fru- 
gem corrigis, Pl. Trin. 1,2, 81. —{|J,_ Zo 
object to: 1, reclamo, 1: when the 
legions had r.d against his promises, 
quum ejus promissis legiones reclamas- 
sent, Cic. Phil. 5, 8,22 those same men 
r.’d as usual, iidem illi qui solent recla- 
marunt, Cic. Fam. 11, 21. 2. recla- 
mito, 1: nature herself r.s against sus- 
picions of that kind, reclamitat istius 
modi suspicionibus ipsa natura, id. Rose. 
Am. 22, 63. 8. réciiso, rt: to 7. 
against the pay, de stipendio recusare, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 44. 4, frémo, ui, itum, 
3: Arrius r.s about the consulship being 
wrested from him, consulatum sibi erep- 
tum fremit, Cic. Att. 2, 7: Pompeius 
r.8, complains, fremit, queritur, ib. 4, 
15. 

reclamation: 1, répétitio, Ulp. 
Dig. 3, 6, 3. 2. vindicatio +r. of 
goods of intestates, vindicatio bonorum 
intestatorum civium, Plin. Ep. 10, 88. 

8. vindicta: of liberty, libertatis, 
Liv. 34, 49. 

reclaimer: 1, réciipérator. Cic. 
Verr. 3, 12, 31. 2, vindex: of debt, 
aeris alieni, id. Att. 2, 1. 

recline: A, Trans.:_ |, re- 
clino, 1: having r.d themselves here 
according to custom, huc quum se con- 
suetudine reclinaverint, Caes. B. G. 6, 
27: Cepheus 7.s his head and shoulders, 
caput atque humeros reclinat, Cic. Arat. 
417. 2. inclino, 1: I will now r. 
myself (at supper), jam inclinabo me, 
PL Pers. 4,8,7. BB, Intrans.: 1, 
reclinor, pass. refl.: ring on the grass, 
in gramine reclinatus, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 7. 

. cubo, ti, ium, 1 his wife 
ring higher up, uxore supra cubante, 
Suet. Cal. 24. 8. réetibo, 1. ring 
under the shade of a beech-tree, recu- 
bans sub tegmine fagi, Virg. Ecl. 1, 1. 

4, acctibo, 1: at or near, i.e. a 
table at meals: you may go and r. 
where you like, ubi lubet ire accubitum 
licet, Pl. Men. 2, 3, 21. 5, récumbo, 
cubul, ctibitum, 3: between whom Au- 
gustusr.ing, quos inter Augustus recum- 
bens, Hor. Od. 3, 3,11. 6, accumbo, 3: 
r.ing opposite, contra accumbentem, Suet. 
Cal. 25. they will r. at the top (of the 
table), summi accumbent, Pl. Stich. 3, 2, 
37: tor. on a couch, in lecto accumbere, 
ib. 32. 7, discumbo, 3 (in different 
places): to r. on embroidered couches, 
toris discumbere pictis, Virg. Aen. 1, 
708 they 7., discumbitur, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
26, 66. 8, procumbo, 3: Aeneas r.d 
(lay down to sleep), procubuit, Virg. Aen. 
8, 30. 9, sternor, stratus, 3 (fat; 
on the ground): Hor. Od. 1, 1, 22. 
10, jaceo, ui, 2: id. 2, 11, 14. 
reclining or reclined: 1, ré- 
clinis, adj : 7. on u carpet of flowers, in 
gramine floreo r., Mart. 9, 91, 1. >: 
résipinus (on one’s buck): lying r.d on 
the ground, humi jacentes resupini, Plin. 
H.N. 4, 2 § 23. 

recluse (subs.): 1, antichdréta, ae, 
m. (GY. avaxwpyntys: one who retires, 
i.e. from the world): very many dwell 
in the desert, ... whom they call r.s, 
habitant plerique in eremo ...quos an- 
achoretas vocant, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 15, 
2. 2. rémita, ae (Gr. épyuimms: a 
dweller in the desert): Paulus the first 
r., primus eremita, ib, 17, 1. 3. pure 
Lat. solitarius homo (the best expr. to 
represent Wordsworth’s “ Recluse”): v. 
foll. art. 

—— (adj.): l, sécrétus, a, um; 
tumult invades the most r. persons, se- 
cretissimos invadit tumultns, Sen. Ep. 
QI, 5- 2, solitarius, a, um: ar. life, 
Solitaria vita, Quint. 1, 2,18: a7. man, 
solitarius homo, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 39° a r. 








= 


Phr.: 
odi celebritatem. fugio 


life, sdlitudo, id. Att. 3, 4, I. 
I lead a 1. life, 
homines, ib, 

recognition: 14, agnitio as i 
were shunning the r. of their own car- 
case, 8ui cadaveris agnitionem fugientes, 
Plin. H. N. 10, 70, go § 194. 2, cog- 
nitio: thence sprang r., inde est cognitio 
facta, Ter. Hec. 5, 3,33. 3, recognitio: 
Plin. 11, 30, 36 § 109. 

recognizable : ite 
Tertull. Res. Carn. 55. 
alis: id. adv Valent. 27. 3. nosci- 
bilis. id. adv. Scap. 2, extr. (N.B.— All 
unclass.: expr. rather by agnosci posse 
V. TO RECOGNIZE.) 

recognizance: 1, sponsio: San- 
dilius entered into ar., sponsionem fecit, 
Cic. Verr, 3, 58,135. 2 vadimonium: 
Quintius enters into a r., vadimonium 
sistit, Cic. Quint. 7,29: to enter into.. as 
vadimonium concipere, id. Q. F. 2, 15, 2 - 
they remember thetr r.s, vadimonia con- 
stituta meminerunt, id. Sen. 7, 21: Nae- 
vius appeared to answer to his r., venit 
ad vadimonium, id. Quint. 5, 22: to 
Jorfeit a r., vadimonium deserere, Cic. 
Quint. 18,57. 3, fidéjussio: Javolen. 
in Dig. 46, 1,20: ib.68. 4, satisd&tio: 
Ulp. in Dig. 46,5,7. 5, cautio: he ex- 
acted a r. from each, cautionem exegit a 
singulis, Suet. Aug.g8. Phr.- toanswer 
to his r., vadato respondere, lit. to the 
man who had bound him, Hor. S. 1,9, 36. 

recognize : |, To see likeness or 
tdentity . 1. nosco, névi, ndtum, 3: J 
r. the hair ... of the Roman king, nosco 
crines... regis Romani, Virg. Aen. 6, 
810° you might r me in the double like- 
ness, noscere me duplici posses in ima- 
gine, Ov. Fast. 1, 231. 2. agnosco, 
novi, nitum, 3: such darkness that no 
man could r. another, tantas tenebras, 
ut nemo hominem homo agnosceret, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 38, 96: you r. God from his 
works, Deum agnoscis ex operibus ejus, 
id. Tusc. 1, 29, 70. 3. cognosco, 
novi, nitum, 3: what, I not r. your 
voice? quid, ego non cognosco vocem 
tuam? Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 276 that no 
one might Tr. me, ne quis me cognos- 
ceret, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 8: a part of 
the spoil was restored to those who r.d 
their own property, praedae pars sua 
cognoscentibus .... redditu, Liv. 4, 29. 

4, recognosco, 3: when I thoroughly 
r.d you, quum te penitus recognovi, Cic. 
Deiot. 2, 4: to r. by recollection, remini- 
scendo recognoscere, Cic. Sen. 21, 78. 
5. noscito, 1. ring by the face, 
facie noscitans, Liv. 22, 6: they r.d by 
their voices, vocibus noscitabant, Plin, 
Ep. 6, 20. |]. To acknowledge : i 
nosco, 3: that part of the apology J 
neither 7, nor approve, illam partem 
excusationis nec nosco, nec probo, Cic. 
Fam. 4, 4: this one source of influence 
they r., hanc unam gratiam potentiam- 
que noverunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 15. 5 
conservo, 1: let the Aetolian race r, the 
supremacy of the Roman people, im- 
perium..... populi Romani gens Aeto- 
lorum conservato, Liv. 38, 11. 3. ac- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (lo accept, admit) : 
Ir, the signal of recal, accipio revoca- 
men, Ov. Fast. 1, 561. 

recoil (v.): ], résilio, 4: v. RE- 
BOUND, 2, récido, cidi, casum, 3: that 
a twig r/’d into his eye, ramulum in 
oculum recidisse, Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123. 

8. ré&cello, 3: the earth recoils back, 
retro recellit, Lucr. 6, 772: the weight 
r.ing to the ground, libramento recel- 
lente ad solum, Liv. 24, 34 4, ré- 
vertor, sus sum, 3: that punishment 
will r.on your own head, poena rever- 
sura est in caput ista tuum, Ov. A. A. 1, 
340: V. TO RECEDE. 

— with borror. 1, réfigio, figi, 
fiigitum, 3: Virg. Aen. 2,12: Jr. from 
admonishing you, a te admonendo re- 
fugio, Cic. Att. 12,18: he rs in terror, 
trepidus refugit (perf. indef.), Virg. Aen. 
2, 380. 9. reformido, 1: so foul, that 
speech r.s from mentioning them, ita 


agnoscibilis : 
2, aguition- 


tetra, ut ea. ... reformidet oratio, Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 45, 108. 
recoin : 1, récido Varro ap. 


651 


RECOINAGE 


RECONCILABLE 


RECONDITE 





Facc. Q, diffingo,3. Hor. Phr.: te 
r. ill-turned verses, male tornatos incudi 
reddere versus, Hor. A. P 441. 

recoinage: expr. by iterum ferire, 
cudere. Vv. TO COIN. 

recollect: _|. Zo remember: ré- 
cordor, : réminiscor, 3. mémini, def 
perf.: V. TO REMEMBER, I]. Yo re- 
cover resolution or composure of mind : 
colligo, légi, lectum, 3: i r.’d myself, 
collegi me, Cic. Fam. 1, 9. 

recollection : 1, mémoria: to 
keep in r., custodire memoria, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 28,127: to embrace in r., memoria 
complecti, id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39: the 
hearer’s r. will be refreshed, auditoris 
memoria redintegrabitur, id. Inv. 1, 52, 
99: to recal to r., reducere in memo- 
riam, ib, 98: to lose the r., perdere me- 
moriam, id. Sen. 7, 21: ZI recover my r., 
redeo in memoriam, ib.: to escape the 
r., expr. by memoria fugit, Liv. 9, 44: 
to hand down to 7., memoriae prodere, 
Nep. Hann. 13: he preserved no 1. of the 
insult, nullam adhibuit memoriam con- 
tumeliae, id. Epam. 7: the r. of the thing 
has passed away, memoria rei abolevit, 
Liv. 3, 55: to pursue with grateful r., 
grata memoria prosequi, Cic. Phil. 14, 
11, 30: within our r., memoria nostra, id. 
Verr. 2, 1, 7, 17: within the r. of man, 
post hominum memoriam, id. Fam. 11, 
5.  Q. récordatio: the r. of benefits, 
r. benefactorum, Cic. Sen. 3, 9g. : 
recognitio: r. of his crimes, scelerum 
suorum, id. Verr. 4, 50, Iro. 

recommence: A-Trans.: , 
intégro, 1: r.s her song, carmen integrat, 
Virg. Georg. 4, 514. Q. redintegro, 1: 
they r. the battle, redintegrant proelium, 
Liv. 1, 12. 3. instauro, 1: let us r. 
the war, instauremus novum de integro 
bellum, Liv. 37, 19. 4, restauro, 1: 
Just. 3, 5. 5, répéto, ivi, and ii, 
itum, 3: r.ing these studies after a long 
interval, longo intervallo haec studia 
repetentem, Cic. Fat. 2, 4. 6. rénévo, 
1: a design of r.ing the war, consilium 
belli renovandi, Caes. B. G. 3, 2: J have 
begun to r. these studies, haec studia re- 
novare coepimiun, Cic. Div. 2, 2, 7. 16 
itéro, 1: the battle being r.d on the next 
day, postero die iterata pugna, Liv. 6, 
32. Phr.: are your.ing war? rursus 
bella moves? Hor. Od. 4, 1, 2: a great 
war is r.d on the part of many nations, 
iterum bellum ingens multis ex gentibus 
concitur, Liv. 10, 18: 7.s war, ferrum 
retractat, Virg. Aen. 4, 694: to r. war, 
resumere arma, Tac. H. 2, 44: rebello: 
Ov. Met. 9, 81. B. Intrans.: 1. 
rénascor, natus sum, 3: men wonder at 
the war which has r.d there, bellum istic 
renatum mirantur homines, Cic. Fam. 11, 
14. 2. rédeo, ivi, and ii, itum, 4: the 
labour of the farmers 7.s in rotation, 
redit agricolis labor actus in orbem, id. 
Georg. 2, 401. 8. vecridesco, diii, Bi 
when the Manlian sedition r.d, recrudes- 
cente Manliana seditione, Liv. 6, 18: the 
battle r.d for a while, paulisper recru- 
duit pugna, id. fo, 19. 

recommend : 1. commendo, 1: 
to r. in the best. manner, de meliore nota 
commendare, Curio ad Cic, Fam. A 20 ¢ 
r. myself entirely, me totum commendo, 
ib. 2, 6, extr.: consider my mother and 
friends as rd to you, matrem, meosque 
tibi commendatos habe, ib. 12, 16: I7. 
Praecilius to you especially, P tibi com- 
mendo unice, ib. 13, 15. 9. déféro, 
tili, latum, 3 (to nominate): Pompeius 
says, that he will 7. five new prefects, 
quinos se praefectos delaturum novos, 
id. Att. 5, 7 3, suadeo, si, sum, 2 
(advise): you rd me not to do it, ne 
facerem suasisti, Plin. Ep. 5, 6: J will 
do as you r., faciam ut suades, Cic. Att. 
11,16. 4, suffragor, 1 (bein favour of ) 
that circumstance r.’d this plan, huic 
consilio suffragabatur illa res, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 61. . probo, 1 (make good) : 
I fear lest I may not succeed in r.ing 
this to you, vereor, tibi ipsi ut probem, 
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 4 

“recommendation : : 1, commen- 

atio: no common r., non vulgarem 
en Cic. Fam. 13 15: 

52 





worthy of careful r., accurata commen- 
datione dignum, ib. 17. 2. hortatio : 
I plead with you, not by r. nor by in- 
junctions, but ...,u0n hortatione neque 
praeceptis, sed precibus .... ago, id. 
Quint. Fr. 1, I, 14. 8. suasio: Taurus 
using all manner of r.s, omni suasio- 
num genere utens, Gell. 10, 19, 4. 4, 
laudatio. the r. of a bad man was to me 
almost discreditable, laudatio hominis 
turpissimi mihi ipsi erat pene turpis, 
Cic. Pis. 29, 72. Phr.: a letter of r-: 
v. next art. 
recommendatory: commendati- 
cius, a, um: a7. letter, literae commen- 
daticiae, Cic. Fam. 5, 5: 7. documents, 
c. tabulae, id.. Verr. 4, 65, 148 receive a 
r. (letter), accipe commendaticias, without 
literas, Macrob. Sat. 2, 4. 
recommender: suasor: Cic. Att. 
16, 7- 
recommit: 1. reduco in carcerem: 
I pardon Philoxenus, who preferred to 
be rd to prison, ignosco Philoxeno, 
qui reduci in carcerem maluit, Cic. Att. 
4, 6. 2. custodiae iterum committo, 
id. Verr. 5, 27, 69. 
recompense (v.): 1, réminéror 
(rather than remunero), 1° that I'might r. 
you with as similar a gift as possible, ut 
possem te r, quam simillimo munere, Cic. 
Fam. 9, 8: with what kind offices shall 
I r. the services of T. Annius ? quibus 
officiis T. Annii beneficia remunerabor ? 
Cic. post Red. 12, 30: I will r. you with 
these punishments, te his suppliciis re- 
munerabor, Vatull. 14,19. 2, répendo, 
di, sum, 3: faut r.d by your own fault, 
culpa culpa repensa tua, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 
80. 3, respondeo, di,sum, 2: wehave 
rd like by like, paria paribus respondi- 
mus, Cic. Att. 6, I, 19. 4, réficio, 
féci, fectum, 3: no one ought to incur 
cost, tf he sees that he cannot be r.d for 
it, si videt non posse refici, Varro, R. R. 
I, 25,8: 5, satisfacio, féci, factum, 3: 
we have r.d good will by the same, volun- 
tati voluntate satisfecimus, Sen. Benef. 
2, 35, 1 
recompense (subs.) : 1, rémi- 
nératio, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69. 2. minus, 
éris, n.: this r. is made to you for many 
other services, hoc tibi munus pro multis 
aliis redditur officiis, Catull. 63,149. 3, 
praemium : expect from me any gift or 
rT. you please, quodvis donum et prae- 
mium a me optato, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 27: 
the industry of a bad poet worthy of 
some r., sedulitatem mali poetae aliquo 
praemio dignam, Cic. Arch. 10, 25: re- 
ceive the r. of your deed, cape praemia 
facti, Ov. Met. 8, 503. 4, pretium : 
that Imay make hima r. Sor his kind- 
nesses, pro benefactis ejus uti ei pretium 
possim reddere, Pl. Capt. 5, 1, 19: a7. 
Jor crime, pretium sceleris, Juv. 13, 105. 
5, merces, édis: Laomedon deprived 
the gods of the stipulated r., destituit 
deos mercede pacta Laomedon, Hor. Od. 
3, 3,22. Dimin. mercedula (a slight TJs 
Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 198. To make r. 
1, gratiam référo, Cic. Off. 1, 15, in 
2. grates persolvo: Virg. ‘Aen. T; 
600: in bad sense, may the gods rT. you, 
di grates dignas persolvant, id. 2, 537. 
3, répendo, di, sum, 3: if I make 
great 7., si Magna rependam, ib. 2, 161. 
Phr.: should we get r. for our cost 
and toil? possentne fructus pro im- 
pensa ac labore redire? Varro, R. R. 1, 
2, 8: without r., gratis: that we may 
not serve the state without 7., ne gratis 


reipublicae serviamus, Cic. Cluent. 26, 71. | 


recompose : |. Zo put together 
again : 1, dissipata connecto: Cic. 
Org 375, 235: 2. iterum compono: 
Sen. N. Q. 6, 30, 1. |, To write again, 
resuTibo, psi, ptum, 3. he thinks that he 
would have r.d his commentaries, com- 
mentarios rescripturum fuisse putat, 
Suet. Jul. 56. 
reconcilable: |. Able to be 
soothed: placabilis: 7+. minds of men, 
eras cae animos hominum, Cie. Att. 
Tots I]. That may be made to 
agree, made consistent: to be r. 1. 
convénio véni, ventum, 4: ears and 
love are not easily 7., non bene conve- 





niunt majestas et amor, Ov. Met. 2, 846: 
your discussion did not seem r. with the 
speech of Largus, tua deliberatio non 
convenire visa est cum oratione Largi, 
Cic. Fam. 6,8. 2, conjungor, pass. 3: 
maintain that the judgment of the cen- 
sors is r. with the fact, censorum judi- 
cium cum re conjunctum esse defendito, 
Cic. Cluent. 44, 124. 

reconcile: |. To restore agree- 
ment : 1, reconcilio, 1: he r.d the 
mind of his father to your sister, ani- 
mum patris sui sorori tuae reconciliavit, 
Cic. Att. 6, 7. 2. compodno, pdésui, 
positum, 3: to r, strifes, componere 
lites, Virg. Ecl. 3, 108: that by means 
of conference all disputes may be r.d, 
uti per colloquia omnes controversiae 
componantur, Caes. B. C. 1, 9. 3. 
sédo, 1. in r.ing disagreements, in se- 
dandis discordiis, Cie. Phil. 1, 1, 4, 
placo, t: he never could be r.d towards 
him, nunquam is animo placari potuit 
in eum, Nep. Pelop. 5: having sent 
letters for me to r. you to him, ....uti 
te sibi ‘placarem, Cic. Fam. 13,1. §, in 
gratiam reduco: the thing itself r.d me, 
res reduxit me ipsa in gratiam, Ter. 
Andr. 5,5, 45. 6, in gratiam restituo: 
you will r. them again, restitues rursum 
in gratiam, id. Hee. 3, 1, 11. Lr peas 
gratiam redigo: J will r. you, ego redi- 
gam vos in gratiam, id. Phorm. 5, 9, 73. 

8, in concordiam redigo: Jupiter 
will r, Aleumena to her husband, Alcu- 
menam rediget in concordiam conjugis, 
Pl. Amph. 1, 2, 13. 9, ad concor- 
diam adduco: or if the matter can be r.d, 
sive ad concordiam res adduci potest, 
Cic. Att. 7, 3. Phr.: to be reconciled : 
1. in gratiam redeo: to be r.d to 

his colleague, in gratiam redire cum 
collega, Cic. Prov. 9, 20: .... with his 
greatest enemies, cum inimicissimis, ib. 
21. 2. in concordiam redeo: now you 
have been r.d, jam vos redistis in con- 
cordiam, Pl. ‘Amph. 3 Br 3. in 
gratiam revertor: you will be rd to 
me, mecum reverteris in gratiam, Liv. 
8, 35. 4. animum submitto (bow 
to): would be r.d to imperious fortune, 
saevienti fortunae submitteret animum, 
Tac. Ann. 2, 72. 5. accédo, cessi, 3 
(give in to): when most were rd to 
this plan, ad hoc consilium quum pleri- 
que accederent, Nep. Milt. 3: the entire 
nation was r.d to the dominion of the 
Roman people, universa gens imperio 
populi Romani accessit, Frontinus, Stra- 
teg. 2, 11. Il. Zo make consistent : 
he wishes to r. the stories to what he said 
in his first book, vult fabelias accommo- 
dare ad ea ane ipse primo libro.... 
dixerit, Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 41. 

secnnileds placatus, a, um: part. 
of placo: the army returned better r. to 
their general, ....duci placatior, Liv. 
2, 60. ; 
reconciliation: 1, réconciliatio: 
with concordiae, Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 253 or 
gratiac, Auct. Harusp. 24, 51: or alone: 
by a pretended r., reconciliatione simu- 
lata, Suet. Ner. 34.  Q, gratia: usu. 
combined with some word expr. join- 
ing or returning: a rT. with enemies, 
reditus in gratiam cum inimicis, Cic. 
Att. 2, 3, 3: an ill patched r., male sarta 
gratia, Hor. Ep. I, 3, 31: he offered 
his right hand as a pledge of r., dex- 
teram reconciliatae gratiae pignus obtu- 
lit, Curt. 6, 7,35. Phr.: to effectar.: 
(a.) redeo in gratiam cum aliquo (become 
reconciled) : effect a r. with Lucceius, 
cum Lucceio in gratiam redi, Cic. Att. 
1, 14, 8. (b.) reduco aliquem in g. (re- 
store to favour), tf .... had not effected 
a r. for me, si me...in gratiam non 
reduxisset, id. Rab. Post. 8, 19. 3: 
concordia, combined as above: you have 
effected a r., redistis in concordiam, Pl. 
Amph. 3, 3,7: in effecting a r., in con- 
cordia adnitenda, Gell. 2, 12, 5. 4, 
pax: JI go out to effect a r., exeo, ut 
pacem conciliem, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 2. 

recondite : 1, reconditus (ab- 
struse) ; part, of recondo, tohide: hehad 
transferred the exercise of the intellect 
Jrom r. subjects to forensic pleadings, % 











RECONDUCT 


RECOURSE 


RECOVER 





reconditis.... rebus ad causas forenses 
traduxerat, Cic, Brut. 11,44. 2, exqui- 
situs, a, um; part. of exquiro (carefully 
studied, laboured): a more r style of 
speaking, exquisitius dicendi genus, ib. 
82, 822° refinement too r., munditia 
nimis exquisita, id. Off. 1, 36, 130. 3. 
conquisitus (laboriously collected to- 
gether): the tables were piled with the 
most r. (recherchés) viands, mensae con- 
quisitissimis epulis exstruebantur, id. 
Tusc. 5, 21,62. 4, abditus (abstruse) : 
part. of abdo: subjects hidden and quite 
r., res occultas et penitus abditas, id. 
N_D 1, 18, 49. Very r., perreconditis : 
the very r. method of my practice, 
perrecondita ratio consuetudinis meae, 
id. de Or. 1, 30, 135. 

reconduct: _ 1, rédiico, xi, ctum, 3: 
Mercurius, who is wont to conduct and 
r. souls, qui animas ducere et reducere 
solet, Petron. 140, 12. 2. référo, ret- 
tuli, rélatum, 3: my feet r. me to my 
Tusculan abode, me referunt pedes in 
Tusculanum, Cic. Att. 15, 16. 

reconnaissance: expliriatio, Mo- 
destin. ap. Dig. 49, 16, 3. (Or expr. by 
verb: v. foll. art.) 

Teconnoitre: 1. exploro, 1: they 
r. the gates, portas explorant, Virg. Aen. 
9, 170: the wolf r.s the ambuscudes 
round about the sheepfolds, insidias ex- 
plorat ovilia circum, id. Georg. 3, 537: 
see next art. 2. spéciilor, atus, 1: 
they r. (everything) surrounded by the 
cloud, nube cava speculantur amicti, 
id. Aen. 1, 516 (speculor said to denote 
secret, exploro open enquiry, Paul. Diac. 
exc. Fest. 5, p. 59, vol. 2, ed. Linde- 
mann): v. TO spy. 3. prospéciilor 
(to keep @ look-out from a distance or 
beforehand): the rest of the multitude 
was r.ing the approach of the imperator, 
adventum imperatoris prospeculabatur, 
Liv. 33, 1. 4, cognosco, novi, nitum, 
3: he was accustomed to r. those parts, 
eas regiones cognoscere solebat, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 7: he sent persons to r. the 
mountain, qui cognoscerent qualis esset 
natura montis, misit: ib. 1, 21. y 
péto, ivi or ii, tum, 3 (poet. to scan with 
the eye, cast the eyes over the horizon): 
Aeneas 7.8 the prospect, prospectum pe- 
lago petit, Virg. Aen. 1, 181. 6, per- 
spicio, exi, ectum, 3: J 7.d the road, viam 
perspexi, Cic. ad Q. Fr. 3,1,2. 7, cir- 
cumspicio, 3: the diclator, having r.d 
the situation of the city, situ urbis cir- 
cumspecto, Liv. 9, 28: having r.d the 
defences, circumspectis munimentis, Tac. 
Ann. 13, 39. 

reconnoitring party: exploratores: 
Caesar was informed through a r- p., 
He exploratores certior factus est, Caes. 

. G. 1, 12: this circumstance having 
been learned through a r. p., hac re per 
exploratores cognita, ib. 2,11. (N.B— 
Not speculatores: which denotes a kind 
of scouts usually sent out singly.) 

reconauer: 1, révinco, vici, vic- 
tum, 3: Hor. Od. 4, 4,24. 2, récipio, 
cepi, ceptum, 3: he r.’d Varentum, 
Tarentum recepit, Cic. Sen. 4, 11. 3: 
réciipéro, 1: the city having been rd 
by the Romans, recuperata urbe sab 
Romanis, Liv. 26, 39. Phr.: vindico 
libertatem, or in libertatem: Nep. 
Thras. 1: @ conspiracy for r.ing their 
liberty, consensio libertatis vindicandae, 
Caes. B. G..7, 76. 

reconsider: 1, répiito,r: Jugurtha 
r.ing his deed at leisure, in otio facinus 
suum repntans, Sall. Jug. 13. 9, ré- 
volvo, vi, vélatum, 3: Numa vr.s the 
things seen, visa revolvit, Ov. Fast. 4, 
667. 3. volvo, 3: Aeneas r.ing many 
things during the night, per noctem plu- 
rima volvens, Virg. Aen. 1,305. 4, re- 
tracto, 1: we increase grief by r.ing it, 
augemus dolorem retractando, Cic. Att. 
8,9, 2: men who should carefully r. all 
matters relating to divine worship, qui 
omnia, quae ad cultum deorum per- 
tinerent, diligenter retractarent, id. N. D. 
2,28,72. 5, rélégo, légi, lectum, 3. 
when Ir, I am ashamed to have written, 
quum relego, scripsisse pudet, Ov. Pont. 
I, 5, 15. 


reconvey: 1, réporto,1: they rd 
the army from Britain, exercitum Bri- 
tannia reportabant, Cic. Att. 4, 17, 3. 
2, rédiico, xi, cum, 3 Cic. Fam. 
ea ee 3. régéro, gessi, gestum, 3- 
loadsare conveyed and rd in boats, 
lintribus afferuntur onera et regerun- 
tur, Plin. H. N. 6, 23, 26 § 105. 
record (v.): 1, référo, rettiili, réla- 
tum, 3. tor.a name in the lists, nomen 
referre in tabulas, Cic. Rose. Com. 1, 4: 
to r. in the books, \n codices, ib. he 
wished me to r in my journal, me 
referre in commentarium volult, id. Att. 
1, 3,4: it was r’d in the annals, in 
fastos...relatum est, Suet. Tib.5. 2. 
perscribo, psi, ptum, 3: J appointed sen- 
ators who...should r the answers, qui 
responsa perscriberent, Cic. Sull. 14, 41: 
to r. actions, res gestas perscribere, Sall. 
Cat. 4: if I should r, the history of the 
Roman people from the beginning of 
the city, si a primordio urbis res populi 
Romant perscripserfm, Liv. praef. lib. 1. 
Phr.: (1) for. in writing : literis mando: 
unless we haver.'d in writing, nist literis 
mandaverimus, Cic. Cluent. 50, 140. (2). 
tor. in history: 1, mando historiae, 
or historiis: r.’d in histories, mandatam 
historiis, id. Div. 2, 32, 69. 2. me- 
moriae prodo: Thucydides has r.d in 
history, memoriae prodidit, Nep. Them. 
10. 
record (svbs.): 1, histdria: if 
there were anything in that letter worthy 
of r., si quid in ea epistola fuit historia 
dignum, Cic. Att. 2, 8. 2, moni- 
mentum: r.s of transactions, monu- 
menta rerum gestarum, id. de Or. r, 46, 
201. 3. tabiilae: public 7.s, tabulae 
publicae, id. Arch. 4, 9. 4, commen- 
larius, or commentarium: from the r.s 
of kings, ex regum commentariis, id. 
Rab. Post. 5, 15: a somewhat fuller r. 
of a@ speech, orationis commentarium 
paullo plenius, id. Brut. 44, 164. 5, 
conscriptio: false +.s of enquirtes, 
falsae conscriptiones quaestionum, ib. 
67, 191. 
records: in plur. only: 1, an- 
nales, ium (chronicles compiled from 
year to year): to listen to the r.s of our 
toils, aunales nostrorum audire laborum, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 373. 2. acta diurna 
(resembling our journals, and parlia- 
mentary reports): the daily r.s both of 
the senate and the people, tam senatus 
quam populi diurna acta, Suet. Jul. 20. 
8, fasti, orum (strictly, a list of days 
of legal business ; hence, a calendar, and 
poet. annals): to umroll the r.s of the 
world, fastos evolvere mundi, Hor. S. 
1,35 112: 
record-office: tibiilarium: when the 
r.-0. was closed, clauso tabulario, Liv. 43, 
16: the r.-0. having been burned, incenso 
tabulario, Cic. Arch, 4, 8. 
record-keeper: _ 1. tabiilarius, i: 
Sidon. Ep. 4, 11: Ulp. Dig. 43, 5, 3. 
Q. chartiilarius, i- Cod. Just. 12, 50, 
1o. 3, acommentariis: (nscr. v. Face. 
recorder : |, A legal officer : 
perh. tabiilarius: v. preced. art. Il. 4 
musical instrument: tibia, ae: v. Hor. 
A. P. 202, 203. 
recount: 1, énarro, 1: fo r. ex- 
plots, enarrare res gestas, Cic. Mare. 2, 4. 
2, éniiméro, 1: tor. battles, enume- 
rare proelia, Nep. Hann. 5. 3, com- 
mémoro, 1: fo 7. benefits, commemorare 
beneficia, Cic. Am. 20, 71: why need Ir, 
one by one? quid commemorem singu- 
latim? Ter. Phorm. 5, 8,42: V- RELATE, 
RECKON, 
recourse, have recourse to: 1. 
confugio, figi, fugitum, 3 (for safety): 
to thee I have r., ad te confugio, Virg. 
Aen. 1,666. 2. profiigio, 3 (to flee toa 
distance, run away, escape); to have r. 
to Brutus, ad Brutum p. Cie, Att. 15, 21 
8. décurro, curri, and ciicurri, cur- 
sum, 3 (to resort to an expedient): to 
have r. to yritiful entreaties, ad miseras 
preces d., Hor. Od. 3, 29, 59: you had 
such eager r, to these rights, ad haec 
jura tam cupide decurrebas, Cic. Quint. 
15, 48: 7. was had to that dient 
that..., decurrebatur eo ut... Liv. 31, 








20. 4, o, 4 (like preced. poet.)- to 
h. r. again to tears, ire iterum in 
lacrymas..., Virg. Aen. 4,413 we will 
h. r. to punishments, ibimus in poenas, 
Ov. Met. 5,668.  §, récurro, 3 (return 
to): wt ts necessary to h. r. to those 
authors, necesse est ad eos auctores r., 
Quint. 1, prooem, 17. 6. descendo, i, 
sum, 3 (to stoop to): to h. r. to all sorts 
of prayers, preces descendere in omnes, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 782. J, médlior, 4 (to 
use effort, attempt): to h. r. to many 
expedients, multa molirl, Sall. Cat. 27. 
8, exptrior, pertus, 4: to h. r. to all 
extreme measures, extrema omnia ex- 
periri, ib. 26. 9, péto, ivi and i, 
Itum, 3 (go to): that I might h. r. to 
thee, ut te supplex peterem, Virg. Aen. 
6, 115. 10, tento, t (f try): [will 
h. r. to every method, tentabo omnia, 
Brut. ad Cic. Ep. 16. ll. adhibeo, 
ui, 2 (to employ): toh. r. to mild com- 
plaints, blandas ad, querelas, ‘Tibull. 3, 
4,75: those gods to whom it is duteous 
to h. r., quos plum est adhibere Leos, 
Ov. Fast. 4, 829. 12, iitor, fisus, 3 
(make use of): I desive you toh. r. 
daily to a@ mirror, speculo vos uti volo, 
Phaedr. 3, 10, 14. 13. adeo, ivi and 
li, 4 (go to): the king has r. to the oracle 
of Faunus, oracula Fauni.... adit, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 82. 14, conféro, tili, ferre, 3 
(with pron. refl.: to betake oneself to, 
take to): his friends and partisans h, 
r. to flight, se in fugam conterunt amici 
advocatique ejus, Cic. Caecin. 8, 22. 
15, applico, avi and ii, atum and 
itum, 1 (with pion. refl.): I had r. to 
Molo, me ad Molonem applicavi, id. 
Brut. 91, 316° wt came to pass that almost 
all the states had r. to the alliance of the 
Athenians,....ad Atheniensium socie- 
tatem se applicarent, Nep. Arist. 2, 3. 
recover: A, Trans.: |, ré- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: the Roman r.s 
his property, res suas Romanus recipit, 
Liv. 3, 63: let me. my breath, recipiam 
anhelitum, PL Epid. 2, 2,22: space for 
r.ing courage, spatium recipiendi ani- 
mum, Liv. 2, 50: our men r-d them- 
selves after their fright, se ex timore 
receperunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 34. Q. ré- 
cepto, 1: 7s life, animam receptat, 
Lucr. 3,504. 3, réciipéro or récipéro, 
I: we sent men to r. from him the 
money, misimus, qui ab illo pecuniam 
depositam...recuperarent, Cic. Agr. 2, 
16, 41: I could not r. his good-will, eam 
voluntatem ejus...recuperare non potui, 
id. Att. 1, 11: having r.’d their strength 
by wine and sleep, recuperatis vino som- 
noque viribus, Tac. H. 3, 22. 4 rédi- 
piscor, 3: only found in Pl. Trin. 4, 3, 15. 
5, restituo, iii, itum, 3- Philip had 
r.’d (made good) his losses, damna.... 
restituerat Philippus, Liv. 31, 43: the 
bees r. themselves and revive, restituunt 
se ac reviviscunt, Varro, R. R. 3, 16, 
extr. 6, rétraho, xi, ctum, 3: J think 
T shall r. that money for myself, retra- 
ham hercle, opinor, ad me illud fugi- 
tivum argentum, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 11: 
Epaminondas r.’d Thebes Jrom destruc- 
tion, ab interitu retraxit, Nep. Epam. 
8. 7, recolligo, légi, lectum, 3: 
why do you not r. your spirit? quin 
...te ipsa recolligis? Ov. Met. 9, 744: 
very useful to one r.ing himself after 
an illness, recotligenti se a longa vale- 
tudine utilissimae, Plin. H. N. 23, } 
63 § 122: having r.’d his sword, recol- 
lecto gladio, Just. 33, 2. 8, colligo: 
when he had r.’d himself, quum se col- 
legisset, Cic. Div. 1, 57: he encoue 
raged our men to r. themselves after so 
great a fright, ...ut se ex tanto timore 
colligerent, Caes. B.C. 3,65. 9, réparo, 
1: fo r. losses, amissas res reparare, 
Hor. S. 2, 5, 2. 10. réficio, féci, fec- 
tum, 3: the Lacedemonians never r.'d 
themselves, nunquam se refecerunt, Nep. 
Ages. 4, I. lL, révico, 1: r. your 
spirits, revocate animos, Virg. Aen, 1, 
202: they r. their strength by food, 
victu revocant vires, ib. 214. 12, 
repeto, ivi and ii, Itum, 3: an oppor- 
tunity of r.ing liberty, occasionem re- 
petendae libertatis, Liv. 3, 49: a law 
53 


Ele! 
27h 


RECOVERABLE 


about r.ing money, de pecuniis repetun- 
dis, Cic. Div. Caec. 5, 17. 13. erigo, 
rexi, rectum, 3 he rd the state to the 
hope of liberty, civitatem ad spem liber- 
tatis erexit, Auct. pro dom. 10, 25. : 
in legal sense, fo r. debts: @vinco, vici, 
victum, 3: whether the whole matter be 
rd, or a part only, sive tota res evin- 
catur, sive pars, Dig. 21, 2, I (de evic- 
tionibus): v. Smith, Dict. of Antiq. 
Phr.: to take steps to r. one’s debts, no- 
mina sua exigere, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 10, 28: 
the blind man r.’d his sight, caeco re- 
luxit dies, Tac. H. 4, 81: to7. his senses, 
ad sanitatem reverti, Caes. B. G. 1, 42: 
the power of ring one’s senses, ad sani- 
tatem redeundi potestas, Cic. Fam. 12, 
10: 7. yourself, ad te redi, Ter. Ad. 5, 
3,8: that the king had now rd himself, 
Jam ad se redisse, Liv.1, 41. tor. breath, 
respiro, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: allow me to 
r. breath, that I may reply to you, sine 
respirare me, tibi ut respondeam, Pl 
Pers. 3, 3, 12: 7. life, revivo: so that 
he seemed to have rd life, ut revixisse 
videretur, Cic. N. D. 2, 38. g6: begin to 
r. life: révivisco, 3 incep.: Cic. Mil. 29, 
- not to be rd, irreparabilis, e- time 
not to be r.’d, irreparabile tempus, Virg 
Georg. 3, 284. id Aen. 10, 467. B. In- 
trans.; invespect of health or stren gth: 
1, révalesco, lui, 3: Ov. Her. 21, 
231: Laodicea.. rid by its own proper 
strength, propriis opibus revaluit, Tac. 
A. 14, 27. 9. convalesco: sick men 
do not all of them r., aegri non omnes 
convalescunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 12: he 
fell into a disease from which he did 
not T.,eX quo non convaluit, id. Fam. 
13,29. 9, Samesco, 3 (usu. of the heal- 
ing of parts affected, not of the general 
health): v. TO HEAL (IL.). not r., ne 
ulcera quidem in his aegris facile sane- 
scant, Cels. 3, 21, post init. 4, con- 
sanesco, 3: most persons, when they 
have rd, talk, plerique, ubi consa- 
nuerunt, loquuntur, ib. 7, 12, 4 L 
émergo, si, sum, 3 @ troublesome il- 
ness, from which I had by this time 
rd, incommoda valetudo, qua jam emer- 
seram, Cic. Att. 5, 8. 6, evado, si, 
sum, 3: likely to r_ from an illness, € 
morbo evasurum, id. Div. 2, 5, 12 
7, résipisco, Ivi, ji, and also Ui, 3: 
as soon as he had_r.'d, quum. . .pri- 
mum resipuisset, Cic. Sext. 38, 80. 
8, exsurgo, surrexi, 3: wnder your 
authority the state will r., auctori- 
tate vestra respublica exsurget, Cic, 
Fam. 12, 10. By pass. verbs: 9, con- 
firmor, 1: I shall see you soon enough, 
if I see you quite rd, si plane con- 
firmatum videro, ib. 16, 4. 10. ciror, 
1: if we have begun to r, si curari 
coeperimus, Sen. Ep. 5°, 4. Phr.: 
(bodies) begin to r., salubriora esse in- 
cipere, Liv. 3, 8: the state being now 
rd, jam satis valida civitate, ib.: he 
will r. from that disease, sanus fiet, ex 
eo morbo, Cato R. R. 157, 8: if he have 
r’d by means of that medicine, Si eo 
medicamento sanus factus fuerit, Cic. 
Off. 3, 24, 92: is said to r., liberari mor- 
bo dicitur, Plin. H. N. 28, 13, 57 § 201. 
recoverable: 1, répirabilis: @ 
r. loss, damnum reparabile, Ov. Met. 1, 
379. 9, révécabilis: the spell r. by 
none of the fates, fatorum nulli revoca- 
bile carmen, Prop. 4, 7, 51- 
recovery: _ |. Act of getting back 
ain: 1, réctipératio: 7. of liberty, 
r. libertatis, Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 20. : 
répiratio: this death is the r- of life, 
mors haec reparatio vitae est, Prudent. 
Cath. 10, 120. _ From illness. 1. 
réfectio: relieved from fever, he will 
scarcely have strength for T. «.- Vix re- 
fectioni valebit, Cels. 3, 15- 9, recrea- 
tio: useful for r. after sickness, ab aegri- 
tudine recreationi efficax, Plin. H. N. 22, 
23, 49 § 102. 3, médicina: strictly, 
means of r.: so that some god seems to 
have effected my 7, Ut mihi deus aliquis 
m. fecisse videatur, Cic. Fam. 14, 7- 
4, rémédium, in same sense Tf. 
from blindness, TY. caecitatis, Tac. H. 4, 
81. 5, salis, itis, f : the r- of many 
sick be I consider to have been 
54 














RECRIMINATION 


caused by Aesculapius, multorum ae- 
grorum salntem ab Aesculapio datam 
judico, Cic. N. D. 3, 38, gi: he aban- 
doned hope of 7., sper salutis projecit, 
Plin. Ep. 7, 27: to despair of r., saluti 
desperare, Cic. Cluent. 25, 68. 6, sani- 
tas until treatment comes to effect 5 
ad sanitatem dum venit curatio, Phaedr. 
5, 7, 123 we arrive with difficulty at 
7. difficulter ad sanitatem pervenimus, 
Sen. Ep. 50, 4. Pbr.: the diseases 
of the state being regarded as past T+ 
desperatis reipublicae morbis, Cic. Sull. 
29, 76: lest my enemies may hope for 
their own T., ne inimici...sperent se 
convalescere posse, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 
11, 9: of whose rT. you despair, quos 
diffidas sanos facere, Cato, R. R. 157- 
II. In legal sense ; 7. of debts, ete. : 
évictio: Dig. 21, 2 (de evictionibus et 
duplae stipulatione) : v. TO RECOVER (14). 
recreant: |. Cowardly: 1, ig- 
navus: 7. and unwarlike among foes, 
ignavi et imbelles inter hostes, Liv. 26, 
2. 9 figax: routed by a rT. enemy, 
fugacissimo ab hoste fusos, Liv. 5, 28. 
Phr.: timidus ac tremens, Cic. Pis. 30, 
14: @ r. friend, false sodalis, Catull. 27, 
1. _ Apostate : 1, apostata, ae: 
Tertull. adv. Mare. 5, 11: Cypr. Laps. 33- 
9, perfidus: ib. 3, délector - Tac. 
recreate: . To reproduces I. 
recreo, 1: to re-create its light (of the 
sun), r. lumen, Lucr. 5, 788: there man 
brings up and re-creates men, illic homo 
homines educat, recreatque, PL. Men. 1, 
1, 23: useful for re-creating flesh on 
bones, ad.. -Tasis ossibus carnes recre- 
andas, Plin. H. N. 34, 15, 46 § 155. 9. 
novo, 1: this.. _re-creates « earied limbs, 
haec. ..fessa membra novat, Ov. Her. 4, 
go. I. To ref? esh: 1, recreo, 1: I 
sustain and Tr. myself with literature, 
literis sustentor et recreor, Cic. Att. 
4, 10. 9. rémitto, misi, missum, 3: 
music r.s the spirits, remittit animos, 
id. Fin. 2, 15, 38. 3, avico, 1: the 
moderate proportion which may 7. rather 
than occupy, qui avocet magis quam 
distringat, Plin. Ep. 1, 24: V- REFRESH, 
RELIEVE. 
recreation : , remissio: to de- 
scend to all r. of the mind, and to sport, 
ad omnem animi recreationem, ludum- 
que descendere. Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22: the 
times of cares and of r.s divided, tem- 
pora curarum remissionumque divisa, 
Tac. Agr. 9. 9, rélaxatio: 1. of the 
soul, animi relaxatio, Cic. Fam. 4, 26. 
3, oblectatio- 7. of the soul, animi, 
id. de Or. 1, 26, 118. 4, réquies, étis 
and @i, f.: that I might seek r. for my 
soul, ut requiem animo meo quaererem, 
Liv. 9, 17: as the r. and delight of my 
old age, ut meae senectutis requies ob- 
lectamentumque, Cic. Sen. 15, 52- 
ladus ; I postponed my serious business 
to their r., posthabui illorum mea seria 
judo, Virg. Ecl. 7, 17- G, laxamentum - 
that r. being allowed for thought, eo 
laxamento cogitationibus dato, Liv. 17, 
38. 4, vicatio: r. after legal busi- 
ness, a causis vacationem, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 
II. 8, avdcamentum: Plin. Paneg. 
82. Phr.: enjoying r.: (1). liber la- 
borum, Hor. A. P. 212. (2). vacuus: 
Cic. Leg. 1, 4.13. (3). feriatus. id. N. D. 
I, 37, 102: on days of r., festis diebus, 
Hor. A. P. 210, 232. 
recreative: 1. ludicer or -crus 
(nom. sing. masc. not in use): the r. 
art (namely, acting), ars ludicra, Liv. 
4,2: boys are pleased with 7. exercise, 
exercitatione ludicra delectantur, Cic. 
N.D.1, 37, 102. 2. festivus (merry) * 
r. games, \udos festivos, Pl. Cas. 4, I, 2. 
3, ludificabilis (v. rare) ib, 3. 
4, lasdrius: Sen. Ep. 80, 2. 
recriminate: most nearly expr. by 
régéro, gessi, gestum, 3: when he could 
mot refute the charges, he r.d, quum cri- 
mina diluere non posset, regessit, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 22: let us r., Tegeramus ipsi cri- 
men, Sen. Hippol. 720 V. RETORT 
recrimination: &XPr- by mutua 
accusatio (det. by Quint. 7, 2, 9, a8 quam 
Graeci dvrexatnyopiav vocant, nostrorum 
quidam concertativam): why were they 





RECTORY 


silent after uttering 7.8? cur mutua ac 
cusatione interta silerent? Tac. A. 6, 4. 
Phr. a disgraceful bandying of 7.8; 
foedum certamen inquinandi famam al- 
terius, Liv. 29, 37- 

recruit (v.): |. Zo refresh : ils 
réficio, feci, fectum, 3: to T- one’s 
strength, r. vires, Cic. Sen. 11, 36: t& 
r. oneself, T. se, id. Fam. 7, 26, eztr 
(q. v.): V. REFRESH. 9, révoco, I: 
io r, one’s strength and flesh, vires et 
corpus T., id. ib. I. Aailit. t. t.: ; 
suppleo, évi, 6tum, 2 (fo Furnish a com- 


plement): legions r.d from the army 


of Brutus, legiones ex Bruti exercitu 
suppletae, M. Anton. in Cic. Phil. 8, 9, 
27: tor. the army by levies, s. exercitum 
delectibus, Tac. A. 4, 4- 9, expleo, 
avi, étum, 2: to 7. the legions, legiones 
e., Liv. 1, 30: the army was rid with 
difficulty on account of the plague, ex- 
ercitus aegre explebatur propter pesti- 
lentiam, id. 40, 36, ad fin.: V. FILL UP. 
3. réficio, féci. fectum, 3: to 7. the 
legions from the levies, ¥. legiones ex 
delectibus, Caes. B. C. 3, 87: Liv. Phr.: 
to r. his diminished forces, copias demi- 
nutas redintegrare, Caes. B. G. 7, 31: 
v. foll. art. 
recruit (subs.): 1, tiro, onis (adj. 
and subs.; a newly levied soldier): there 
ave three veteran legions, one of 1-8, le- 
giones sunt veteranae tres, tironum una, 
Plane. in Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 3% Caes. : 
Cic.; adj.: 7.8, t. milites, Cic, Phil. 11, 
15, 39: the condition of 4 T+ tironatus, 
tis, Cod. Theod. 7, 13, 21- Q, tirun- 
ciilus (demin. of preced.: subs. and adj.) - 
a very young, raw T., t. miles, Suet. Ner. 
21, ad fin. 3, expr. by novus miles: 
to send any one to raise 7.5, ad inquisi- 
tionem novorum militum mittere ali- 
quem, Curt. 4, 6, 30. 4, collec- 
tively, rs may be expr. by délectus 
(a raising of troops, levy): to jill up 
legions out of the new 7.8, eX novo de- 
lectu legiones conficere, Caes. B. C. 1, 25, 
ad init.; Vv. LEVY: or by supplémentum 
(a filling up of 4 body of troops): te 
enrol rs for the legions, s. legionibus 
scribere, Cic. Fam. 3, 3,1: @ body of Ts, 
s. novorum militum, Curt. 5, 7,12: or 
by tirocinium (rare) - a despised body of 
7s, contemptum t., Liv. 40, 35, ad fin. 
recruiting: 1, délectus, us @ 
levying): 7. m the provinces, d, pro- 
vincialis, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 5: alarmed at 
the stringency of the r., delectus acerbi- 
tate consternati, Liv. 21, I, extr.: 
Join. d. et conquisitio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 
2,5. 2, supplementum (to fill up the 
ranks) : he departs for the sake of . and 
mustering cavalry, per causam supple- 
menti equitatusque cogendi discedit, 
Caes. B. G. 9,9. Phr.: a r.-sergeant, 
perh. conquisitor, Cic. Mil. 25, 67: Liv.: 
the r. of fresh troops, inquisitio novorum 
militum, Curt. 4, 6, 30. 
rectangle: “figura quadrilatera rec- 
tangula. A 
rectangular : 1, orthdgonius 
(apAoyaveos) : to describe a rT. triangle, 
trigonum 0. describere, Vitr. 10, 6, (11), 
4. Q. directiangulus : Mart. Cap. 
. *rectos angulos habens (Kr.). 
‘Also, normatus ad perpendiculum, Col. 
3, 13, 12. 
rectify : |. 7 
rexi, rectum, 3: V- CORRECT. 
purgo, 13 liquo, I: V. PURIFY. | 
rectification: |. Correction, cor- 
rectio . V. CORRECTION. I. 7. ¢., pur- 
gatio: Vv. PURIFICATION. 
rectilinear: directilineus, Mart. 
Cap.. *rectas lineas habens, rectis lineis 
(Kr.). 
rectitude: probitas: Vv. UPRIGHTNF&S. 
rector : . Of a school, gymna- 
sium, etc.: *rector, moderator (Kr.): or 
perh. expr. by gymnasiarcbus, cf. Cic. 
Verr. 4, 42, 92: to be 7., *praefectum 
esse or praeesse (with dat.): V. PRE- 
SIDE OVER. |], As an ecct. t.: “pa- 
rochi rector, curio. 
rectorship: ©¢XPT- by *munus rec- 
toris, parochi, etc. 
rectory ; *sedes, domicilium rectoris, 
parochi, etc. 


0 correct : COrTigo, 
ll. 7. t. 


RECUMBENT 


RED-HANDED 


REDUCE 





recumbent: réciibans; v. RECLIN- 
ING: sometimes also expr. by siipinus, 
résiipinus (lying on the back): V. SUPINE. 
recur: |. 70 return: rédev, ii, 
itum, 4° Vv. RETURN. = {J, Zo have re- 
course to: covfigio, figi, 3: v. RE- 
COURSE. 
recurrence: réditns, is. v, RETURN 
(subs.); assiduitas. v. REPETITION. 
recusant: contiimax, acis: v. RE- 
yractory. In Knx. Hist. perh., *Dis- 
sentientes, Dissidentes, the R.s. 
red: 1, riifus (acc. to Gell. 2, 26 
it includes all shades from brown to 
yellow: rare). a r.-haired girl, r. virgo, 
Ter. Heaut. 5,5, 17: Cels. 2. ruber, 
bra, brum (in Cic. perh. only in prop. 
names): r. blood, r. sanguis, Hor. Od. 
3, 13,7: 7. wattles (of a cock), inclining 
to white, palea r. subalbicans, Varr. 
R.R. 3,9, 5: very r. nitre, nitrum quam 
ruberrimum, Cels. 5, 18, 31. 3, ria- 
bens, ntis (prop. part.): r. with ver- 
milion, minio r., Virg. E. 10, 27: a red 
kind, a less red kind, and one inter- 
mediate between these, rubra species, et 
minus r., et inter has media, Plin. 35, 6, 
13: with her ears r., rubentibus auri- 
culis, Suet. Aug.69. 4, russus Care): 
r, gum, r. gingiva, Catul. 39, 19: Luer. : 
r. throat, fauces russae, Enn. in Cic. Div. 
2,26, 57. 5, riibicundus (esp. of com- 
plexion: ruddy): a certain r.-haired 
man, somewhat dark, with a ruddy 
mouth, rufus quidam, subniger, ore ru- 
bicundo, Pl. Ps. 4, 7, 21: the r. moon, r. 
luna, Plin. 18, 35, 79: 7. cornel-berries, 
r. corna, Hor. Hp. 1, 16, 8° the ruddy 
corn, r. Ceres, Virg. G. 1, 297. 6. 
ribidus (acc. to Gell. l. c. a very dark 
shade of red): a face usually r. from 
intoxication, facies r. plerumque ex 
vinolentia, Suet. Vitell. 17. 7. ru- 
beus (rare): @ 7. colous, r. color, Varr. 
R. R. 2, 5, 8 (said to be between black 
anddun): Col. &, riitilus (ar. which 
inclines to golden yellow): r. hair, r. 
comae, Tac. G. 4: the r. light (of the 
planet Mars), r. fulgor, Cic. Rep. 6, 17: 
r. gore, r. cruor, Ov. M. 5, 83: to dye the 
hair r., like bronze, capillum r. aerique 
assimilem reddere, Suet. Ner. 1: very r., 
praerutilus, Auct. Carm. de Jud. Dom. 
202. 9, riitilans (prop. a part.): 
Plin. 16, 11, 22, 10, riitilatus (prop. 
a part.): long r. hair, promissae ac r. 
comae, Liv. 38, 17, ad init. (acc. to 
some, dyed r.): Tac. 1], liteus (acc. 
to Gell. |. c. a very light shade: flame or 
rose-coloured): ar. bridal veil, |. flam- 
mea, Lucan 2, 361: Vv. ROSE-COLOURED. 
12, piiniceus (scarlet r.): 7. rose- 
fa p. roseta, Virg. EK. 5, 17: 7. 
lood, p. cruor, Ov. M. 2,607: also poet. 
phoeniceus, id. M. 12, 104: pinicus: Ov. 
Am. 2, 2, 22: on the particular shade 
see Lucr. 2, 830: Prop. 2, 6,40. 13, 
sSanguineus (blood-r.)- r. mulberries, s. 
mora, Virg. E. 5, 22: 7. moon, s. luna, 
Ov. Am. 2, 1, 23: a@ r. reflection, s. re- 
percussus, Plin. 37, 10, 60. 14, san- 
guinélentus (same as preced.): Ov. Am. 
I,12,12. 15, purpureus (purple-r.) : 
T. poppies, p. papavera, Prop. 1, 20, 38: 
the r. rose, p. flos rosae, Hor. Od. 3, 15, 
15. 16, flammeus (fiery ved): +. 
eyes, f. lumina, Ov. H. 12, 107- Plin.: v. 
Fiery. Phr.: the R. sea, Sinus Ara- 
bicus, Mel. 3, 8 (Rubrum, Erythraeum 
mare is the Indian Ocean) - a r. Indian, 
perh. Indus aereo colore, after Plin. 8, 
52, 18: a r. herring, *harenga sale ac 
fumo durata; v. also REDDEN (II1.) 
red, to be: 1. riibeo, 2: the wave 
ts red with blood, unda rubet sanguine, 
Ov. M. 11, 375: the eves are red, ocelli 
rubent, Catul. 3, 18: at sunrise we see a 
part of the sky to be r., ortu solis par- 
tem coeli r. videmus, Sen. Q. N.1, 5, 8 
V. BLUSH. Comp. subriibeo, 2 (to be 
reddish): the grape is partly 7., sub- 
Tubet uva, Ov. A. A. 2, 316. 2, rii- 
tilo, 1 (to have a reddish glow): they 
see arms to be r.(in the sky), arma r. 
vident, Virg. Aen. 8, 529. 
red-beard: *vir rutila barba: less 
exactly, aénobarbus (bronze - bearded), 
Suet. Ner. 1. 











red-breast: “sylvia rubecula. 
redden: |. 70 make red: 1, 
ritilo, 1: to r. one’s hair, r. comam, 
Suet. Cal. 47. 2. riito, 1 (to make 
reddish): it 7.5 the hair, rufat capillum, 
Plin. 23, 2, 32. 3. riibéfacio, féci, fac- 
tum, 3 (poet.): to r. the horns with blood, 
r. cornua cruore, Ov. M. 12, 382. 4. 
rubrico, t (to paint r.)- Venant. 5. 
minio (to paint a vermilion r.): cf. 
m. Jovem (to paint a statue red), Plin. 
33, 7,36. 6, flammo, 1 (to make fiery 
red): the youth, rd with shame, flam- 
mata pudore juventus, Val. FL 4, 655. 
Il. Zo grow red: 1, riibesco, 
bui, 3: the clouds r. before the rising 
of the sun, ante exorientem solem 
nubes rubescunt, Plin. 18, 35, 78: the 
rose gradually ring, unfolds itself, rosa 
paullatim rubescens dehiscit, Plin. 21, 
4,10. Virg.: Ov. 2, ritilesco, 3: 
the hares r., lepores rutilescunt, Plin. 8, 
55,81. 3, riifesco, 3: boiled down till 
uw r.s, decoctum donec rufescat, Plin. 28, 
12, 53. 4. Griibesco, bui, 3: v. BLUSH. 
reddish: 1, subrifus: rather 7.- 
haired, s. aliquantum, Pl. Capt. 3, 4, 115: 


Plin. 2, subriiber: 7. flesh, s. caro, 
Cels. 5, 28, 8. 8, subriibeus: Non. 
549, 9. 4, subriitilus: @ 7. shrub, 


frutex s., Plin. 24, 11, 54. 5, subrii- 
bicundus: a r. ulcer, s. ulcus, Cels. 5, 
28, 4, ad init.: of an angry man, Sen. 
Ira, 3, 4, 1. 6. russeus: a 7. tunic, 
r, tunica, Petr. 27, 1. 7. russedlus ; 
Prud. ote. 11, 130. 8, russiilus: 
CapitoL Albin. 5, 9 9, ribellus 
(dimin. of ruber): 7. wine, r. vinum, 
Mart. 1, 103, 9: Plin. 10, riibellilus 
(dimin. of preced.): Mart. Cap. 11, 
ribellianus~ applied to vines, Col. 3, 2, 
14: for which Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 23, has 
rubellus. 12. érythraeus: said of 
the colour of a ram, Col. 4, 2, extr. 
18, often expr. by rubens, rubeus, 

rubidus, or even ruber: the r. purple 
of Tarentum, rubra purpura Tarentina, 
Plin. 9, 39, 63: a r. colour ts inferior to 
a blackish one, rubens color nigrante 
deterior, id. 9, 38, 62. 

reddishness:; expr. by an adj. (v. 
preced. art.) with color: as, subrutilus 
color, Plin. 10, 3, 3° subrufus c., id. 37, 
Io, 61: or perh. simply by rubor, Cels. 
5, 28, 1. 

red-earth: rubrica, Plin.: Vitr.: 
adj., rubricosus, Cato~ Col. 

redeem: |. Toransom, get back : 

1, rédimo, emi, emptum, 3: fo r. 

captives from brigands, r. captos a prae- 
donibus, Cic. Off. 2, 16, 56: to 7. captives 
Jrom slavery, r. captos e servitute, id. 
ib. 2, 18, 63: to r. the state by gold, auro 
r. civitatem, Liv. 9, 4, extr.: they wished 
to r. him from death with their own 
blood, eum suo sanguine ab Acheronte 
cuperent r., Nep. Dion 10, 2. ye have 
been 1.’d by the blood of Christ, redempti 
estis sanguine Christi, Vulg. 2 Pet. i. 18: 
Vv. RANSOM. 2, rédempto,1: Tac. H. 
puss 8, libéro, 1: v. SET FREE: to 
r. the land tax, perh. *vectigali agros 
liberare, after Cic. Agr. 1, 4, Io. 4. 
répignéro, 1 (to 7, a pledge): Ulp. Dig. 
13, 6, 5, 612. |, To make amends 
for: rédimo, émi, emptum, 3: to r. 
many charges of sloth by his death, 
multa desidiae crimina morte r., Vell. 
2, 87, 1: Sall.: Ov.: v. ATONE FOR, RE- 
PAIR. 

redeemer: |. Deliverer: libér- 
ator: Vv. LIBERATOR, i]. In eccl. 
sense: rédemptor, Aug. : the Lord your 
R., Dominus r. vester, Vulg. Esai. xiii. 
14° V. SAVIOUR. 

redemption: rédemptio: r was de- 
nied the prisoners, captivis r. negabatur, 
Liv. 25, 6, ad med. : sanctification andr., 
sanctificatio et r., Vulg. « Cor. i. 30. 
Phr.: the work of human r., *salus 
divinitus missa (G.): V. LIBERATION, 
DELIVERANCE. 

red-handed: _ 1, expr. by mani- 
festus (adj.), manifesto (adv.): to take 
the conspirators r., conjuratores mani- 
festos habere, Sali. Cat. 41, extr.. Cic. 
Clu. 14, 42. 2, later but more 
exactly expressive, flagranti crimine 








(delicio); e. g. comprehendere, Cod 
Just. 9, 13, 1, init. 

red-hot: 1, candens, ptis (part. 
of candeo, ul, 2: to ber.): a r. coal, c. 
carbo, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25: r. irons, c. 
laminae (al. ardentes), id. Verr 5, 63, 
163. 2, fervens (ylowing or boiling 
hot): Caes. Cic, 

red-lead: minium: Plin.- Virg.: a 
r pencil, cerula miniata, or miniatula, 
Cic. Att. 15, 14, ad fin.; 16, 11, 1. 

redness: riibor, ris (of all shades) : 
there is often r. and heat, saepe r. cum 
calore est, Cels. 5,28, 4: a deep r., pluri- 
mus r., Virg. Aen. 12, 66: an intense r., 
r. acerrimus, Sen. N. Q. 1, 14, 2: Cic.: 
V BLUSH. 

redolent: rédélens, ntis (part. constr, 
With acc.; both prop. aud fig.): r. of 
wine, r. vinum, Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 63: 
speeches 7. of antiquity, orationes r. an- 


tiquitatem, id. Brut. 21, 82. v. SMELL 
OF. 
redouble: 1, ingémino, 1: tor. 


the blows with his right hand, dextra i. 
ictus, Virg. Aen. 5, 457: Ov. 9. con- 
gémino, 1: to r. one’s blows in close 
succession, C. ictus crebros, Virg. Aen. 
12, 714: V. INCREASE, DOUBLE. Phr.: 
when the recruiting was carried on with 
r.d energy, cum delectus intentius ha- 
beretur, Liv. 8, 17. 

redoubt: nearest word perh. prd- 
pugnactilum (cf. Tac. H. 3, 19): more 
indef. munimentum: v. FORTIFICATION. 

redound: |. Lit.: rédundo: vy. 
OVERFLOW, {J. Fig.: rédundo, 1: 
thy glory, some of which r.s to me, tua 
gloria, cujus ad me aliqua pars redundat, 
Plin. Ep. 5,12: I think that the praise 
of the youth rs somewhat to my ad- 
vantage, laudem adolescentis existimo 
ad meu aliquem fructum r., Cic. Lig. 
3,8: nowitrs to my advantage, quod 
quidem bonum mibi nune redundat, 
id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1. Phr.: to have con- 
tributed greatly to the safety of another 
man 7.s to the honour of many, multum 
posse ad salutem alterius honori est 
multis, Cic. Fragm. P. Opp. 

redress (v.): restituo, ui,.itum, 3: 

Jorbids wrongful violence to be done, 
or orders it to be r.’d when done, aut vim 
fieri vetat, aut restitui factam jubet, Cic. 
Caecin. 13, 36: tor. a judicial decision, 
judicium r., id. Verr. 2, 26, 63: v. BE 
PAIR, UNDO. Phr.: to r. injuries, in- 
jurias rescindere et irritas fucere, id. tb. : 
to r. the wrongs of the allies, sociurum 
injurias curare, Sall. Jug. 14, 19: tora 
grievance, injuriam levare, Liv. 4, 7. 

redress (suvbs.): expr. by a verb: v. 
preced. art., and REPARATION: to seek r. 
Jor one’s injuries, jus suum prosequi, 
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21. 

red-tail, -start; phoenicirus, Plin. 
Io, 24, 44. (Sylvia p., Latham.) 

reduce: |. Zo bring into any 
condition : 1, rédigo, gi, actum, 3 
(constr, with acc. dep. on in, ad or sub, 
with an adv. of place, or abs.): tor. men 
to slavery, viros in servitutem r., Pl. 
Aul. 2, 1,47. tor. the Arverni t a pro- 
vince, Arvernos in provinciam r., Cues. 
B. G. 1, 45: to r. to order what we have 
discovered, illa quae invenimus in ordi- 
nem r., Auct Her. 3,9, 16° to r. to the 
ranks, in ordinem r., Suet. Vesp. 15 (v. 
DEGRADE) tor. to powder,ad minutiam 
r., Sen. Ep. go, 23° to r. to poverty, ad 
inopiam r., Ter. Heaut. 5,1, 56 tor. to 
despair, ad desperationem r., Suet. Aug. 
81: to r. to extremities, ad incitas r., 
Pl. Poen. 4, 2, 84: to what am 1 rd! 
quo redactus sum! Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 7 

9. rédiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to lead back) : 
to r. to shape, in tormam r., Ov. M. 15, 
81: to r. excrescences on the flesh, carnes 
excrescentes ad aequalitatem r., Plin, 
30, 13, 39, ad init. (along with redigere): 
to r. fractions to their lovest terms, 
*tractiones ad minimos terminos r. 3, 
révico, 1 (to refer): ww r. everything to 
the rules of art, r. omnia ad artem et ad 
praecepta, Cic. de Or. 2, #1. +4 4. 
détriido, si, sum, 3 (to (hrust down, r. 
violently): to r oneself to beggary, ad 
mendicitatem se d., Pl. Men. 1 3,21: to 

55 


REDUCIBLE 





x. to the necessity of civil war, ad ne- 
cessitatem belli civilis d., Tac. A. 13, 43: 
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 114. 5. in pass. réci- 
do, cidi, casum, 3 (ré sometimes in the 
poets: to be brought down, to be r.ad): 
to suffer the power of the royal dignity 
to be r.d to such a point, sinere regiae 
majestatis imperium eo r., Liv. 4, 2, ad 
med.: Cic. G, like preced. rédeo, 4 
(to return, to be rd to): Caesar had 
been r.d to two legions, Caesar ad dua 
legiones redierat, Caes. B. G. 5, 48, ad 
init.: if my fortunes are r.d so low, Si 
eo meae fortunae redierint, Ter. Ph. 1, 
4, 23. Phr.: to r. to writing, literis 
mandare, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52: to r. 
within the limits of ancient manners, 
ad priscum morem recidere (aliquid), 
Tac. A. 3, 53: military discipline had 
been rd to a regular system, disci- 
plina militaris in artis perpetuis prae- 
ceptis ordinatae modum venerat, Liv. 
9, 17: which distance, r.d to Roman 
measurement, makes ...., quae mensura 
Romana computatione efficit ...., Plin. 
2, 108, 112, ad fin. |]. Zo diminish : 

1, rédigo, égi, actum, 3: they said 
they were r.d from 60,099 men to barely 
5000, ex hominum millibus Lx. vix ad 
D. sese redactos esse dixerunt, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 28: tor. to nothing, r. ad nibi- 
lum, Lucr. 1, 791: to r. to 4 per cent., 
r. ad semuncias, Tac. A, 6, 16. Y 
minuo, ui, itum, 3: expenses must be 
r.d, minuendi sunt sumptus, Cic. Leg. 2, 
23, 59: so, sumptum extenuare, ib. 
Phr.: his strength being greatly r.d by 
an inveterate disease, diutino morbo 
viribus admodum attenuatis, Liv. 39, 
49: tor. the system as much as possible, 
corpori quidquid possis detrahere, cf. 
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 2: to r. to 150, ad CL. 
retrahere, Suet. Caes. 41: a r.d weight, 
imminutum pondus, Plin. 33, 3, 13: to 
draw on a r.d scale, *minore modulo 
describere. Il]. 70 subdue: vinco, 
subigo, etc.: v. CONQUER. IV. Med. 
tt2 1, répono, podsui, positum, 3 
(to replace, set): tor. a dislocated jaw, 
Maxillam prolapsam r., Cels. 8, 11: to 
r. dislocations, luxata in locum r., Sen. 
Ep. 104, 18. 2. récompono, 3: tor. 
a fracture, r. fracturam, Veg. Vet. 2, 


» 3. 
41D ante: expr. by a verb: r. to 
the rules of art, quod ad artem reduci 
potest, Cic. de Or. I, 41, 136. 

reduction: |, Diminution : de- 
minutio: an increase or r. of light, 
accretio et d. luminis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 
68: Vv. DIMINUTION. ||. Subjugation : 
expugnatio (a taking by storm): v. 
SUBJUGATION. Il]. 4s a @. é: (i) in 
Arithmetic, réplicatio (numeri), opp. to 
multiplicatio, Mart. Cap. 7, 250: (il) in 
Logic, *reductio; as, r. ad absurdum, ad 
impossibile. 

redundancy: rédundantia: that 
youthful r. (of style), illa juvenilis r., 
Cic. Or. 30, 108: expr. more freq. by a 
verb: there ought to be neither r. nor de- 
ficiency, neque abesse quidquam decet 
neque redundare, id. de Or. 2, 19, 83 (said 
of style): to check r., luxuriantia com- 
pescere, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 1225 astringere, 
Quint. 10, 4, 1: no rT. of money, pecunia 
non superfluens, Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 5. 

redundant : 1, stpervacuus : 
nor is it as prejudicial to listen to that 
which is r.as to be ignorant of what is 
essential, neque tam obest audire super- 
vacua quam ignorare necessaria, Quint. 
12, 8,7: Hor. A. P. 337. 2. expr. by 
rédundo, 1 (to be r.): other letters are r., 
aliae litterae redundant, Quint. I, 4, 9: 
orators who ave too r., oratores nimis re- 
dundantes, Cic. Brut. 13, 51. 3. or 
by siiperfluo, 3; let nothing be wanting 
or r., nibil neque desit neque.superfiuat, 
Quint. 8, 2, 22. Join: redundare et 
superfluere : Cic. Brut. 91, 316. 

redundantly ; rédundanter: Plin. 
Ep. 1, 20, ad jin. KM 

reduplication: 1. géminatio (a 
doubling, repetition): a r. of words, g. 
verborum, Cic. de Or. 3. 54, 206: ar. of 
vowels, r. vocalium, Quint. 1, 4.10. 2, 
bata (very rare): a r. of the rays 

65 








REEF 


of the sum, a. radiorum (solis), Sen. Q. N. 
4, 8. 3, conduplicatio: Auct. Her. 4, 
28: V. REPETITION, 4, as gram. t.t., 
*reduplicatio. 
re-echo: |. Trans: 1. ré- 
sono, avi, 1: you teach the woods tor. 
the name of Amaryllis, r. doces Ama- 
ryllida silvas, Virg. E. 1, 5. , Té- 
féro, rétuli (rettiili), rélatum, 3 (/o bear 
back): sounds are r.d, soni referuntur, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 144: woods and rocks 
r. the ery with an oft-repeated sound, 
nemora petraeqne vocem multiplicato 
sono referunt, Curt. 3, 10,2: Ov. M. 3, 
385. 3, reddo, didi, ditum, 3 (to give 
back) : the same word is r.’d seven times, 
septiens eadem vox redditur, Plin. 36, 
15, 23: the lowing of the oxen, r.’d from 
the cave, reddita ex spelunca vox boum, 
Liv. 1, 7, ad med. Phr.: rocks and 
deserts r. the voice, saxa et solitudines 
voci respondent, Cic. Arch. 8, 19: to r. 
words many times in succession, voces 
numeroso repercussu multiplicare, Plin. 
36, 15, 23: hills ring the words, collea 
verba repulsantes, Lucr. 4, 577- ll. 
Intrans.: 1, résodno, avi, 1 (with 
abl. of the sound or its source: and ad 
or dat. of the thing r.’d): a theatre that 
naturally r.s, theatrum natura resonans, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42: V. RESOUND. 
2, résulto, 1 (again and again): 
the hills r. with the shouting, colles 
clamore resultant, Virg. Aen. §, 150: 
Tac. Phr.: the banks and lakes r. 
round, ripaeque lacusque responsant 
circa, Virg. Aen. 12, 757: to make the 
walls r. with their arms, murum cir- 
cumsonare armis, id. ib. 8, 474: the 
r.ing vales, repercussae valles, Liv. 21, 
33. 
reed: 1, 4drundo, inis, f.: the 
Mincio fringes its banks with r.s, Min- 
cius praetexit arundine ripas, Virg. E. 7, 
12: Caes.: a r.-thicket, Aarundinétum, 
Plin. 17, 20, 33: the Indian r. (bamboo), 
a. Indica, ib. 16, 36, 35 (q. v.): a slender 


r. (Pan-pipe), tenuis a. Virg. E. 6, 8. | 


9, cdlamus (xaAapos; nearly al- 
ways applied to objects made of r.): a 
r. fit for making arrows, c. sagittarius, 
Plin. 16, 36, 66, ad init.: ar. with very 
long joints, c. longissimis internodiis, 
id. ib.: of a r.-pipe: to run over the 
open r.s with curved lip, unco labro c. 
percurrere hiantes, Lucr. 4, 586. 3; 
canna (rare: acc. to Col. 7, 4,an inferior 
sort, thinner and shorter than arundo): 
the little r.s beneath the tall ones, longa 
parvae sub arundine c., Ov. M. 8, 337: 
the marsh r., c. palustris, id. ib. 4, 298: 
the quivering r., c. tremula, id. ib. 6, 
326: of a r.-pipe, id. ib. 2, 682: @ r- 
thicket, cannétum, Pall. Febr. 23, init. 

4, cannila (dimin. of preced.): 
App. M. 4, p. 145. 5, stiptila (a 
stalk): like the joint of a r., stipulae 
internodio similis, Plin. 37, 10, 67 : con- 
temptuously, of a r.-pipe, Virg. I. 3, 27. 

6, fistula (@ pipe): a r., f., Plin. 
12, 22, 48: a r.-pipe in which the row of 
r.s continually lessens, f., cui semper 
decrescit arundinis ordo, Tib. 2, 5, 31. 

7. condylus (kdvévaAos, fist; hence 
a joint inar.): a flute made of a tiny 
r., parvi tibia condyli, Mart. 5, 78, 30. 

8, palus, tidis, 7. (a swamp ; hence 
a r. growing in tt): Mart. 14, 160. 

9, expr. by various special words ; 
as, phragmites (@ r. growing in hedges), 
Plin. 32, 10, 52; ddmax (dovaé), id. ib.; 
cf. id. 16, 36, 35. Phr.: a tall shaft of 
Indian r. (bamboo), hasta graminea, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 56,125: similar to a r., arun- 
dinaceus, Plin. 18, 7, Io, extr.; arun- 
dineus, id. 24, 16, 93. 

reed-crowned : 4rundifer: a r.- 
head, a. caput, Ov. F. §, 637. 

reedy : ], drundineus: a r. 
thicket, a. silva, Virg. Aen. 10, 70: Ov. 

2, arundinosus (full of rs): r 
Cnidus, arundinosa Cnidus, Catul. 36, 
23. 

reef (subs.): |. A row of rocks: 

1, taenia (a band): many rs in 
the foaming water, frequentes t. candi- 
cantis vadi, Plin. 3, prooem., § 4: hence 

















REFER: 





haunts the r.s, te genus piscium, i@. - 
37, 61. 2. expr. more indef. by ~ 
saxa, scopuli, ete.: he stuck on a pro 
jecting r. of rocks, saxis in procurren- 
tibus haesit, Virg. Aen. 5, 204: @ vast 7. 
of rocks on the surface of the sea, dor- 
sum immane mari summo, id. ib. r, 
110. |]. Part of a sail: no exact 
word: perh, expr. by *pars veli, cf. Sen. 
Ep. 77, 2. 

reef (v.): no exact equivalent: ¢o r. 
a sail, *partem veli stringere (cf. Sen. 
Ben. 6, 15,6): more indef., contrahere 
vela, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 24; Ov.; subdu- 
cere, Curt. 9, 4, 10. 

reek: 1, fumo, 1: the warm blood 
was r.ing on the altars, tepidus cruor 
fumabat ad aras, Virg. Acn. 8, 106: 
horses ring with sweat, equi fumantes 
sudore, id. ib. 12, 338: the house itself 
was r.ing (with feasting), domus ipsa 
fumabat, Cic. Sest. 10, 24. 2. vaporo, 
I (to emit smoke or steam): Plin.: Solin. 
Phr.: a dagger r.ing (strictly, drip- 
ping) with blood, culter manans cruore, 
Liv. 1, 59, init.: to make one’s sword r. 
with blood, sanguine tepefacere hastam, 
Ov. Her. 1, 19: Hor. 

reel (v.): 1, vicillo, 1 (a in Luer. 
3, §033 vaccillo, Lachmann): 7.ing from 
wine, ex vino vacillans, Cic, Fragm. apud 
Quint. 8, 3, 66: when the whole earth r.s 
under our feet, sub pedibus tellus quum 
tota vacillat, Lucr. 5,1234. @Q, titibo, 
I (in Cic. only fig.): ring with age and 
wine, titubans annis meroque, Ov. M. 
If,go: v. sTacGeR. Phr.: r.ing foot- 
steps, ebria vestigia, Prop. 1, 3, 9: the 
house appears to r., vertigine tectum 
ambulat, Juv. 6, 304. 

reel (subs.): |. That on which 
something is wound: no exact word: 
expr. by fiisus (spindle): to turn @ fr. 
round, f. versare, Ov. M. 6, 22: r.s that 
wind off the thread, ducentes subtemina 
f., Catul. 64, 328: v. SPINDLE. il. 4 
dance: *saltatio Scotica: motus Scotici : 
to dance ar., perh. saltatorium orbem 
versare, after Cic. Pis. 10, 22. 

reeling (subs.): 1, vacillatio : 
shameful r., foeda v., Suet. Claud. 21, ad 
jin.: Quint. 9, titibatio: 7, as in 
drunkenness, qualis in ebrietate t., Sen. 
Ep. 95, 16. 

re-elect: réficio, 3: to r. tribunes, 
tribunos r., Cic. Am. 25, 96: Liv. 

re-empty: re-exinanio, 4: Apic. 8, 
6, ad fin. 

re-enlist : rescribo, psi, ptum, 3: to 
7. nine legions from the same body of 
soldiers, r. ex eodem milite rx. legiones, 
Liv. 9, Io. 

re-establish : 1, restituo, ui, 
titum, 3: tor. the tribunician power by 
force of arms, x. tribuniciam potestatem 
armis, Caes. B.C. 1,7: Sall.Cat. 38. 2. 
réconcilio, 1 (to 7. by bringing about a 
good understanding): to r. harmony, ¥. 
concordiam, Liv. 2, 32, ad med.: tor. @ 
kindly feeling, r. gratiam, Cic. Fam. 5, 
25s 3. réfirmo, 1 (late and rare): 
a r.d boundary, limes refirmatus, Sext. 
Ruf. Brey. 14, ad jin. 

re-establishment: restitutio: v. 
RESTORATION, RENEWAL. 

re-fashion: réfiguro, 1: 
v. TO REFORM (I.). 

refectory : if used of the dining-room 
of a monastery, *refectorium, quod vo- 
catur; if ina looser sense, coenatio, coe- 
naculum: Vv. DINING-ROOM. 

refer: <A, Trans.: |, 0 direct 
a person for information: 1, rejicio,: 
jéci, jectum, 3: to r. you to the letter 
itself, ad ipsam te epistolam r., Cic. Att. 
Q, 13, extr. 2, révoco, 1: nor do I 
r. you to the fables of the poets, nec te 
ad fabulas poetarum r., Cic. Div. 1, 20, 
40: id. Tusc. 2,25,59. 3, delego, 1: we 
r. the admirers of Cato to that volume, 
studiosos Catonis ad illud volumen dele- 
gamus (al. relegamus), Nep. Cat. 3, 
extr. I]. Zo submit to, or judge by 
any authority or standard: 1, référo, 
retiili, (rettili), rélatum, 3 (with ad or 
adv. of direction): to r. the matter to 
the senate, rem ad Senatum r., Liv. 21, 


Vulg.: 


the adj. taeniensis: a@ race of fish that | 6: Cic.: I am accustomed to r. every 


—_. 





REFERABLE 


REFINEMENT 


REFLECT 





thing to you, solenne est mihi ad te 
ounia r., Plin. Ep. 10,97, ad init.: to 
r. all things to the standard of virtue, 
omnia ad virtutem r., Cic. Phil. 10, 
Io, 20. (N.B.—Referre ad populum in 
Cic. Clu. 49, 137, is to r. anew to the 
people; ferre is used when a proposi- 
tion is first laid before them.) on 
rejicio, jéci, jectum, 3: tor. the matter 
to the Senale, rem ad Senatum r., Liv. 
4°, 29, ad fin.: tor. the whole issue to 
Rome, integram causam Romam r.,, id. 
36, 35: Caes. B.C. 3,7. _ §, révdco, 1: 
to r. everything to knowledge, omnia ad 
scientiam r., Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 43: lo 7. 
everything to his own power, ad suam 
potentiam omnia r., id. Am. 16,59. 4, 
rémitto, misi, missum, 3: to r. the whole 
matter to the Senate, integram causam 
ad Senatum r., T'ac. A. 3, 10, extr.: 
Quint. 5, déféro, 3: to r. the whole 
matter to Pompey (put it into his hands), 
omnem rem ad Pompeium d., Cic. Fam. 
I, 1: V. HAND OYER, SUBMIT. ll. 7 
ascribe, assign: 1. référo, retili (or 
rettili), rélatum, 3: to r. everything to 
the agency of fire, r. omnia ad igneam 
vim, Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 35: lor. whatever is 
magnificent to his renown, quicquid 
magnificum est in claritatem ejus r., 
Tac. G. 34: Hor. 2. délégo, 1 (with 
dat.): if we can r. this crime to the 
est personages, si hoc crimen optimis 
nominibus d. possumus, Cic. Fontei. 4, 8: 
to r. the origin of the blunder to the 
dead, d. causam peccati mortuis, Hirt. 
B. G. 8, 22. 3, rélégo, 1: to r. all 
misfortunes to the fault of fortune, r. 
mala omnia ad crimen fortunae, Quint. 6, 
prooem., 13: Plin.: Tib.: v. TO ASCRIBE, 
assign. Phr.: can that definition be 
r.'d to any other thing whatever? num 
illa definitio possit in aliam rem trans- 
ferri quamlibet? Cic. Acad. 2, 14, 43. 
B. Intrans.: |. To allude to: 
1, perstringo, nxi, ctum, 3 (to touch 
upon in speaking): to r. briefly to a 
topic, locum breviter p., Cic. Am. 13, 
46: esp. in the way of censure: I will 
shortly r. to the rest of his career, cele- 
riter perstringam reliquum vitae cur- 
sum, id. Phil. 2, 19, 47. 2. attingo, 
tigi, tactum, 3 (to touch upon): when 
he r.d to the sedition, ut seditionem 
attigit, Tac. A. 1, 35. Join: perstrin- 
atque a., Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201. 
8, alltido, si, sum, 3 (foll. by dat.) : 
to r. to the verses of Homer, Homeri 
versibus a., Val. Max. 3, 7, No. 4, extr. 
(late in this sense). Phr.: to happen 
to r. to that very thing (in conversation), 
in eam ipsam mentionem incidere, Cic. 
Am. 1, 3: also, mentionem facere: 
Vv. TO MENTION. I]. Zo relate, vegard: 
specto, 1: to r. not so much to religious 
scruples as to the rights of sepulture, 
non tam ad religionem s. quam ad jus 
sepulcrorum, Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 58: v. TO 
RELATE TO. 
referable: expr. by a verb: these 
things are r. to nature, haec ad naturam 
Tevocari possint, Cic. Div. 2, 70, 145. 
referee: arbiter, tri: v. umpire. 
reference: 1. ratio: with r. to 
our annals, ad nostrorum annalium ra- 
tionem, Cic, Brut. 13, 49: without any 
r. to divine things, sine ulla divina ra- 
tione, id. N. D. 3, 35, 85: v. RESPECT. 
2, rélatio (rare in this sense: only 
as a phil. and gram. t.t.): in r. to some- 
thing, ex r. ad aliquid, Quint. 8, 4, 21. 
3. locus (a place in a book): v. 
PASSAGE. 4, expr. most freq. by 
various phrr.; to what am I to say 
this dream has r.? quam ad rem dicam 
hoc attinere somniuin? Pl. Rud. 3, 1, 
19: the r. is to be found in the 7th 
book, in libro septimo scriptum offen- 
dimns, after Gell. 9, 4, ad med.: to give 
anybody our r., *indicare, nominare ali- 
quem cui noti sumus (R. and A.). 
refill: repleo, 2: v. To FILL UP. 
Aj it.: 1. purgo, 1 
to melt gold along with 
to r. it, aurum ut purgetur cum 
plumbo coquere, Plin. 33, 3, 19: v. 
PURIFY. 2. excdquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
melt out): silver r.d, purified, and made 


dazzling white by removing all its im- | 


purities, argentum excoctum, omnibus- 


leader of “ ton’’), e. arbiter, id. A. 16, 
18: agriculture is incompatible with all 


que ex eo vitiis detractis emaculatum et | higher r., agri cultura ab omni politiore 


candefactum, Gell. 6, 5, ad fin. (q. v.): | @. abhorret, Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 4. 


Ov. F. 4,786. 3, défueco, 1 (to strain 
off the lees; of liquids): to r. wine, d. 
vinum, Plin. 18, 26, 63: Col.: v. 0 STRAIN. 
Phr.: r.d gold, aurum ad obrussam, 
Suet. Ner. 44; obryzum aurum, Vulg. 
2 Paralip. iii. 5: 
pustulatum, Suet. Ner. 44: Mart. (also 
pustilatus, blistered): to r. sugar, *sac- 
charum coquere. B, Fig.: |, Act: 
To polish: 1, excdlo, cdlui, cultum, 3 
(to improve): to r. human life, hom- 
inum vitam e., Cic. Off. 2, 4, 15: Virg. 


r.d silver, argentum | 


Aen. 6, 663: civilised and r.d, mansue- | 
facti et exculti, Cic. Tuse. 1, 25, 62. | 


2, expdlio, 4: the (past) night has 
r.d you and made you a man, nox te ex- 
polivit hominemque reddidit, Cic. de Or. 
2,10, 40. Join: excultus atque e., id. 
Brut. 25, 95- 3. polio, 4 (chiefly in 
part. pass.: V. REFINED): to 7. an ora- 
tion, p. orationem, Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 63: 
Vv. POLISH, IMPROVE. (N.B.—Perpolio 
means to put a finishing stroke to) ; 

I]. Neut.: To draw minute dis- 


Join 
e. et munditia, id. Or. 23, 79. I. 
Subtlety: 1, subtilitas: thereis room 
Sor this extreme r., est buic minutae 
subtilitati locus, Cic. Brut; 84,291: v. 
SUBTLETY. 2. argitidla (quibble): J 
do not think that that r. ought to be ad- 
mitted, non puto a. istam recipiendam, 
Gell. 9, 14, evtr.: v. QUIBBLE. Pbr.: to 
neglect the r.s of (gical) partition and 
definition, spinas partiendi et definiendi 
praetermittere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 9: an 
oration weakened by over-r., oratio nimia 
religione attenuata, id. Brat. 82, 283. 
refiner: j. Lit.: expr...by a 
verb: qui defaecat, purgat, etc.: a sugar 
r., *sacchari coctor. ||. Fig.: argi- 
tator (a quibbler): Gell. 17, 5, ad fin. 
refinery: @ sugar r., *officina sac- 


| charo coquendo. 


tinctions: expr. by a phr.: subtilius | 


disserere, Cic. Am. 5, 
id. ib. 2,7: to 7. rather tov much upon 


18; quaerere, | 


thinus, res aliquanto minutius tractare, | 


id. Fin. 4, 3, 7: teachers that r. over 


much, acutuli et minuti doctores, Gell. | 


17, 5. 
refined (part. and adj.) : 
tus: @ r. schoolman, homo p. ex schola, 
Cic. Pis. 25, 59: @ man devoid of all the 
more 1. branches of culture, vir politioris 
humanitatis expers, id. de Or. 2, 17, 72. 
Join: p., urbanns, elegans, id. Brut. 82, 
285. 2, himanus (ell-educated, culti- 
vated): the mind is filled with the most r. 
pleasure, humanissima animus completur 
voluptate, Cic. Acad. 2, 41, 127: @ most 
r. and liberal bent of mind, animi ad- 
versio humanissima ac liberalissima, id. 
Arch. 7,16. 8, urbanus (town-bred) : 
elegant and r. men, homines lauti et u., 
Cic, Verr. 2, 1, 6, 17: r. and eloquent, u. 
disertusque, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 16: you 
are witty and tasteful, you alone are r., 
tu festivus, tu elegans, tu solus u., Cic. 
Clod. et Cur. 5. (N.B.—Ace. to Cic. 
Fam. 3, 8, 3, it was a new word in his 
time: cf. Quint. 8, 3, 34.) 4, Glégans 
(discriminating, tasteful): r., not mag- 
nificent, e. non magnificus, Nep. Att. 
13,5: @ 7. species of jesting, e. jocandi 
genus, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 241. 5, sub- 
tilis (mice, delicate, subtle): a truthful 
and r. judgment, sincerum et s. judi- 
cium, Cic. Fam. 15, 6, 1: a 7. palate, s. 
palatum, Hor. Sat. 2, 8, 38. Join: 
s. atque elegans, Cic. Brut.g, 35. Phr.: 
r. tortures, exquisita supplicia, id. Off. 
3, 27, Ioo: a@ more finished and r. 
style of oratory, accuratius quoddam di- 
cendi et exquisitius genus, id. Brut. 82, 
283: amore 7. mode of flattery, quaesi- 
tior adulatio, Tac. A. 3, 57: r. luxury, 
eruditus luxus, id. ib, 16, 18. 
refinement : J. Polished man- 
ners: 1, humanitas (good manners: 
esp. as the result of education): a youth 
of the greatest excellence and 7., summa 
virtute et h. adolescens, Caes. B. G. 1, 
47: a life of the most polished r., vita 
perpolita humanitate, Cic. Sest. 42, 92: 
letters seasoned with the salt of r., epis- 
tolae humanitatis sparsae sale, id. Att. 
I, 13, ad init.: breaches of r., ea quae 
multum ab h. discrepant, id. Off. 1, 40, 
145. 2. cultus, tis (culture, civilisa- 
tion): gorgeous splendour and r. of life, 
magnifici apparatus vitaeque c., Cic. Off. 
1, 8, 25: the r. of social and political 
life, humanus ec. civilisque, id. de Or. 1, 
8, 33. Join: c. atque humanitas, Caes. 
B.G.1,1. §, urbanitas: r., of which 
boorishness ts the opposite, u. cui con- 
traria sit rusticitas, Quint. 6, 3. 17: a 
language tinged, so to speak, with a cer- 
tainr., urbanitate quadam quasi colorata 
oratio, Cic. Brut. 46, 170: an air of r., 
odor urbanitatis, id. de Or. 3, 40, 161. 
4, @légantia: r. of life, e. vitae, 
Tae. A. 14, 19: ns of r. (i. e. 
2 





reflect: A. Trans.: To throw 
back rays of light : |. Lit. 1. 
répercitio, cussi, cussum, 3 (fo cause 
to rebound: mostly poet.): it ought 
to be something smooth to r. the sun, 
leve quiddam esse debet quod solem 
repercutiat, Sen. N. Q. 1, 7, 2: the 
gems flashed back the light, r.ing the 
sun’s rays, gemmae repercusso redde- 
bant lumina Phoebo, Ov. M. 2, 110: the 
unreality of a r.’d image, repercussae 


| imaginis umbra, id. M. 3, 434: Vireg. 


1, poli- | 
| (to give back : gen. with imaginem: also 


Aer. 8, 23. 2. reddo, didi, aitum, 3 
acc, of obj. in the poets): the quality of 
r.ing, natura imagines reddendi, Plin. 
33,9, 45: the light r/d his countenance 
(in the shield), lux vultum reddidit, 
Stat. Ach. 2, 191. 8. rémitto, misi, 
missum, 3 (to send back): dirty sur- 
Jaces do not r. the ray, maculosa radium 
non remittunt, Sen. N. Q. 1, 12, 2: 
mirrors 7. tmages, (specula) simulacra 
remittunt, Lucr. 4, 311. 4, régéro, 
gessi, gestum, 3: to 7. the sun’s rays, 
solis radios r., Plin. 37, 9, 47- 5. 
réplico, 1: to r. the sun’s rays, solis 
radios r., Sen. N. Q. 2, 10, 3. 6, ré- 
flecto, xi, ctum, 3: tor. the rays back 
to the point whence they proceeded, 
radios eo unde exierint r., Sen. N. Q. 
Mine th 7, Glido, si, sum, 3 (to 
throw or strike back): the image is 
r.d straight back, imago recta re- 
trorsum eliditur, Lucr. 4, 294: Plin. 

8, révibro, 1 (both act. and neut.) : 
Mart. Cap. Pbhr.: (i). the sun is rd 
in the mirror, speculi refertur imagine 
Phoebus, Ov. M. 4, 349: the moon is 
r.d in the sea, tuna renidet mari, Hor. 
Od. 2, 5,19: he saw his image r.’d in 
the water, \ympharum in speculo vidit 
simulacrum suum, Phaedr. 1, 4, 3: 
splendid mansions are r.'d in the glassy 
sea, vitreo natant praetoria ponto, Stat. 
Silv. 2, 2, 49: salt of such brilliancy 
that it ts capable of r.ing, sal tanti 
splendoris ut imaginem recipiat, Plin. 
31, 7, 41 § 86: to r. the rays falling 
upon it in different directions, radius in 
se cadentes discutere, Plin. 37, 9, 52: to 
r. the colours of the rainbow on the 
nearest walls, colores arcus caelestis in 
proximos parietes ejxculari, id. ib. (ii). 
Special words used by Lucr, : the bright 
heavenly bodies are r.’d in water, sidera 
respondent in aqua radiantia, 4, 211: 
the image is r.'\d Jrom one mirror to 
another, de speculo in speculum trans- 
fertur imago, 4, 312 (for which also tra- 
ditur, 4, 300): imgrs cannot be r.’d, 
simulacra nequeunt reverti, 4, 319 (q. ¥.). 

I]. Fig.: afféro, attali, allatum, 
afferre, 3: V. TO BRING, CONFER. B. 
|. 70 ponder, think over : 

1, considéro, 1 (constr. with ace. ; 
rarely de, or a clause): lo r upon our 
state and our dangers, c. res et pericu'a 
nostra, Sall. C. §2, ad init... «ic.: [wish 
you to r. on me and mine, de me ipso 2c 
de meis te c. velim, id. Att. 7, 13, ae 
med.: will you never r. what you are 
doing or saying ? nunquamne nec quid 
facias considerabis nec quid loquare? id, 
Parad. 4,ad fin. 2, répiito, ‘s (constr. 

37 


REFLECTING 


REFORMATION 


REFRAIN 





with acc. and inf. or vel. clause): r.ing 
upon these things and pondering them 
day and night, haec reputans et dies 
noctesque cogitans, Cic. Deiot. 13, 38: 
to r. upon his crime in his mind, faci- 
nus suum cum animo r., Sall. Jug. 13, 
ad med.: Tadvise youtor. on thisagain 
and again, te moneo hoc etiam atque 
etiam ut reputes, Pl. Trin. 3,2, 48. 3. 
cogito, r (constr. with acc. de, or a 
clause): fo r. how honourable it is, c. 
quam honestum id sit, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 
58: with regard to these circumstances 
therefore r., or rather find a solution, 
ad haec igitur cogita, vel potius ex- 
cogita, id. Att. 9, 6. extr.: you can r. 
upon it in your minds, vos id potestis 
cum animis vestris c., id. Agr. 2, 24, 64. 

4. récolo, cdlui, cultum, 3: if you 
rT. upon these things you will die with 
greater equanimity, quae si tecum ipse 
recolis aequiore animo moriere, Cic. Phil. 
13, 20, 45: to r. upon his deeds in his 
mind, pectore sua facta r., Cat. 63, 45: 


Ov.: Virg. 5. commentor, I: v. 
THINK OVER. 6. circumspicio, exi, 
ectum, 3: Vv. REVIEW. 7, révolvo, 


volvi, volitum, 3: Vv. REVOLVE, PONDER. 
Phr.: I 7r.'d within myself, animum 
reflexi, Virg. Aen. 2, 741: J r. upon 
my deeds and words, tacta et dicta 
mea remetior, Sen. lra 3, 36, 3: r.ing 
again and again in my mind upon these 
things, haec identidem mecum repli- 
cans, App. M. 3, p. 129. I. 70 cen- 
sure: vittiipéro, I: V. CENSURE, CAST A 
SLURON. Phr.: the infamy of our vices 
r.s upon our friends, vitiorum ad amicos 
redundat infamia, Cic. Am. 21, 76. 
reflecting : cOdgitabundus : 
THOUGHTFUL. 
reflective: |. As gram. t.t., réci- 
précus: @ 1r. pronoun, Yr. pronomen, 
Prisc. p. 939 P.: absolute ov r. neuter 
verbs, neutra absoluia sive r., id. 800 
(i‘Sto7Ta07): to be r. in its nature, agere 
in se per reciprocationem, id. 940. Il. 
Able to think and reflect : the r. faculty, 
cOgitatio: Vv. THOUGHT, or expr. by 
verb: v. TO REFLECT (B). 
reflection: A, Lit: |, The 
act of giving back rays of light : ik, 
répercussus, iis (chiefly in abl.): we see 
the light tremble just as in the .of water, 
lucem qualem in r. aquae volitare con- 
spicimus, Plin. 2, 9, 6: the 7. of the sun, 
r. solis, id. 5, 5, 5 § 35: to throw back 
colours by the r. from the valls, colores 
r. parietum elidere, id. 37, 9, 52. 2. 
répercussio (v.rare) : the r. of the neigh- 
bouring heavenly bodies, r. vicinorum 
siderum, Sen. N.Q. 7,19. 3, répulsus, 
ts: Lucr. 4,104. 4 révibratio: Hyg. 
Astr. 4, 14. 5, révibratus, tis: Mart. 
Cap. 2, 110 (Kopp). Phr.: the Lares 
bright with the r. of the fire, renidentes 
Lares, Hor. Epod. 2, 66: the broad firth 
is lighted up with the r., freta lata relu- 
cent, Virg. Aen. 2,312. fl, The image 
reflected : 1. imago, inis, f.: the r. 
of the bright moon, radiantis i. Lunae, 
Virg Aen. 8, 23: to give a more dis- 
tinct 7., certiorem i. reddere, Plin. 33, 9, 
45, extr.: V. IMAGE. 9. effigies, Gi: 
clouds fit to show the r. of the sun, 
nubes aptae ad exhibendam effigiem 
solis, Sen. N. Q. 1, 13, 1. Fig.: a 
daughter who is the v. of my face, my 
speech, and my soul, filia e. oris, ser- 
monis, animi mei, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 3. 
B. Fig.: |. The act of consider- 
ing: 1, cogitatio: many serious 7.s 
occupy my mind, versantur in animo 
meo multae et graves c., Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 
5: tf that r. about the triumph had not 
been sugyested to us, si ista nobis de tri- 
umpho c. injecta non esset, id. Att. 7, 3, 
ad init. Join: commentatio et c., id. 
de Or. 1, 33, 150. 9. considératio 
(rare) careful r., accurata c., Cic. Acad. 
2.11, 35.  §, considerantia (very rare: 
yocopsideranua 1s read in Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 
g, 2, ed. Kiotz): Vitr. 6, 1, 10. 4, 
Tépiitatio: r.s upon ancient and modern 
manners have male me digress too 
much, me veterum novorumque morum 
r. longius tulit, ac. H. 2, 38, eztr. 5, 
cae (@ weighing well): Vv. DELI- 
58 


We 





BERATION. 6, expr. sometimes by 
consilium (judgment): to do anything 
upon due r., bono c. aliquid facere, Cic. 
Off. 1, 33, 121: endowed with reason 
and r., rationis consiliique compos, id. 
N. D. 2, 13,36 Phr.: to do anything 
with due v., agere considerate, Cic. Off. 
I, 27, 943 cugitate, id. Arch. 8, 18: to do 
anything without 7., agere temere, in- 
considerate, id. Off. 1, 29, 103. v. CON- 
SIDERATELY, RASHLY. I]. Animad- 
version: vittipérati 
CENSURE. 

reflourish: réviresco, rui, 3: Cic.: 

ac. 

refluent: réfluus: the r. waters of 
the Ucean, Oceani r. mare, Ov. M. 7, 267: 
v. FLOW BACK. 

reflux ; récessus, is: Vv. EBB. 

reform (v.) : |. To make or form 
anew: |, réficio, feci, fectum, 3: to 7. 
the broken ranks, turbatos ordines r., Liv. 
3, 70, ad init. 9. restituo, ui, itum, 
3: tor. the ranks, r. ordines, Sall. Jug. 
51: to r. the line of battle, aciem r., 
Liv. 5, 18. 3. réfingo, finxi, fictum, 
3: Virg. G. 4, 202. V. RE-CREATE, RE- 


MOULD. 4, réformo, 1: Vulg. Sapient. 
xix. 6. I. Trans.: Zo amend, im- 
prove : 1, corrigo, rexi, rectum, 3 (to 


set straight, amend): try to 7. my son, 
natum mihi c. enitere, Ter. Andr. 3, 4. 
17: either to corrupt or r. the morals 
of the state, vel vorrumpere mores ci- 
Vitatis vel c., Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32: to7r.@ 
defect in the law, vitium legis c., id. 
Sull. 22,63. 2, récorrigo, rexi, rectum, 
3 (rare): to r. the disposition before its 
wickedness is confirmed, ante animum 
r. quam indurescat pravitas ejus, Sen. 
En. 50, 5. 3. Emendo, 1 (to improve 
by removing what is bad or defective) : 
to r. a bad practice, e. consuetudinem 
vitiosam, Cic. Brut. 75, 261: to r. the 
condition of Italy by laws, res Italas 
legibus e., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 3: it is easy to 
surmise what a multitude of persons 
may be r.’d, facile est opinari quae turba 
hominum emendari possit, Plin. Ep. 10, 
97, extr. Join: e. et corrigere, Cic. 
Leg. 3, 13, 30. 4, castigo, 1 (to 
amend: rare in this sense): they have 
rd their own faults, castigaverunt vitia 
sua ipsi, Plin. Pan. 46,6. §, réformo, 
I (very rare): to r. and correct corrupt 
and depraved manners, corruptos de- 
pravatosque mores r. et corrigere, Plin. 
Pan. 53, 2: to r. the faith of the 
churches, in statum pristinum ecclesi- 
arum fidem r., Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 45. 
6, expr. by phr. with melior: the 
proverb “that a Phrygian is usually 
r.d by blows,” proverbium, “ Phrygem 
plagis fieri solere meliorem,”’ Cic. Flac. 
27, 65: frequently viciousness is aliered 
in kind, yet not 7.’d, malitia saepe mu- 
tatur non in melius sed in aliud, Sen. 
Ep. 47, extr.: how can the Platonic 
ideas r. me? quomodo meliorem me 
facere ideae Platonicae possunt? id ib. 
56,28. Phr.: Athens r.’d life (by her 
husbandry), A thenae recreaverunt vitam, 
Luer. 6,3. |. Intrans.: 7oamend 
one’s oun ways: expr. by some of the 
preced. verbs with pron. reflect., or by a 
phr.: to fancy that you will ever r.! tu 
ut unqnam te corrigas ! Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 22: 
to r., se ad bonam frugem, ut dicitur, 
recipere, id. Corel. 12, 28: J hare re- 
solved to r., certum est (mihi) ad bonam 
frugem applicare animum, Pl. Trin. 2, 
I, 34: this day demands that he shall r., 
hic dies alios mores postulat, Ter. Andr. 
I, 2, 18 (where also occurs redire in 
viam =to r., to leave off sowing wild 
oats). 
reform (subs.): v. foll. art.: Phr.: 
a r.-bill, *rogatio de suffragiorum legibus 
emendandis: he intrcduced many 1.5 
into the art of war, multa in re militari 
meliora fecit, Nep. lphic. 1, 2. 
reformation : |. Zmprovement, 
amendment: 1, correctio: to take de- 
light in r., correctione gaudere, Cic. Am. 
24, 90: a r. of morals, c. morum, Suet. 
Tib. 42. 2, émendatio(rare). Join: 
correctio et e., Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 21. 3: 
réformatio (very rare): a r. of morals, 


r. morum, Sen. Ep. 58, 26. 
piscentia: Lact. ; 
tion: *Reformatio, Milton: in fuller 
phr., *inchoata {a Luthero] veritatis ob- 
scuratae renovatio (Kr.): @ history of 
the R., *historia sacrorum emendatorum, 
restitutorum (Kr.). 
reformatory (swbs.): *aedes in qui- 
bus malefici sceleratique homines (or it 
may be pueri) ad bonam frugem corri- 
guntur. 
reformed (part. and adj.): v. RE- 
FORM: in the hist. sense, *Reformatus, 
Milton. (N.B.—émendatus as an adj. 
means perfect, unblemished.) 
reformer: 1, corrector (used in 
a gen. sense): experience, which is the 
only r. of the laws, usus, qui est unus 
legum c., Liv. 45, 32: the 7. Bestius, c. 
Bestius, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 37. Join: 
emendator ac c., Cic. Phil. 2, 17, 43: ¢ 
atque emendator, id. Balb, 8, 20. a 
émendator: f. -trix, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58: 
a r. of the vernacular idiom, e. ser- 
monis usitati, id. Brut. 74, 259. 3. 
réformator (very rare): f. -trix, Dig. : 
a restorer and r. of literature, literarum 
reductor ac r., Plin. Kp. 8, 12, ad init.: 
used of the Protestant Reformers, Milton. 
This latter sense may be also expr. by 
a phr., *melioris formulae auctor (Kr.); 
sacrorum emendatorum auctor (Kr.). 
Phr.: a radical r., perh. *legum quam 
severissime emendandarum studiosus. 
refract: ], infringo, frégi, frac- 
tum, 3: the rays being r.’d rebound, radii 
infracti resiliunt, Plin. 2, 38, 38: an oar 
r.d in the water, i. remus, Cic. Acad. 2, 
25, 79. 2. réfringo, frégi, fractum, 3: 
it is plain that a ray from the sun Jall- 
ing upon a hollow cloud has its bril- 
liancy thrown back in the direction of 
the sun and is r.’d, manifestum est 
radium solis immissum cavae nubi re- 
pulsa acie in solem refringi, Plin. 2, 5g, 
60. Phr.: the oar appears r.’d, remus 
fracti speciem habet, Sen. N. Q. 1, 3,9: 
some perfectly straight objects, on being 
immersed in water, appear crooked and 
broken (i. e. refracted) to those who 
look at them, quaedam rectissima, quum 
in aquam demissa sunt, speciem curvi 
praefractique visentibus reddunt, id. Ep. 
71, 24. 
refraction: *refractio; radiorum 
fractio (Kr.). 
refractory: _ 1. contiimax, acis: 
r. oxen, c. boves, Col. 6, 2,10: 7. towards 
those set over him, in superiores c., Auct. 
Her. 4, 40, 52: Cic.: arrogance of speech 
and a r. spirit, arrogantia oris et c. 
animus, Tac. A. 5, 3: a 7. syllable, c. 
syllaba, Mart. 9, 11, 12. Q. réfrac- 
tarius (very rare): Cic. Att. 2, 1, 3, has 
the dimin. refractariolus, somewhat con- 
tentious. Join: contumax ac r., Sen. 
Ep. 73,1. Phr.: he disbanded the tenth 
legion, which was growing r., decimam 
legionem contumacius parentem dimisit, 
Suet. Aug. 24: to be r., “adversus sti- 
mulum calcare,” Ter Ph. 1, 2, 28 (lit. 
“to kick against the pricks”); if he who 
is to be taught will not prove r., si is qui 
instituetur non repugnaverit, Quint. 8 
prooem., 5. 
refrain (subs.): versus intercalaris, 
Serv. ad Virg. E. 8, 21. 
refrain (v.): |. Trans.: refréno, 
I: V.CURB, RESTRAIN. ff, Intrans.: 
1, tempéro, 1 (constr. with the abl. 
either with ab or alone ; a pleovast. dat. 
of the reflect. pron., or animis ; with subj. 
after quin, quominus ; rarely with inf.) : 
who may r. from tears * quis temperet 
a lacrimis? Virg. Aen. 2, 8: not to r. 
even from tears, ne lacrimis quidem t., 
Tac. A. 15, 16: do you believe he will r. 
From telling a lie? eum sibi credis a 
mendacio temperaturum? Auct. Her, 4, 
18, 25: Caes.- they scarcely r.’d from 
making an attack, vix temperavere 
animis quin impetum facerent, Liv. 5, 
45: they with difficulty r.d from joining 
battle, aegre temperatum est quin pug- 
nam inter se consererent, id. 32,10. 2. 
abstineo, ui, tentum, 2 (constr. withabl., 
with or without the reflect. pron.: with 
inf.: with ne, quin, or quominus: poet. 





REFRESH 





with gen.): to r. from wrong doing, a. 
injuria, Cic. Off. 3,17, extr.: Leasily 1d 
from oysters, me ostreis facile abstin- 
ebam, id. Fam. 7, 26, ad jfin.: tor. from 
wrath, a. irae, Hor. Od. 3, 27, 69: V. 
ABSTAIN, 3, contineo, ui, tentum, 2 
(to check: constr. with pron, rejflect., or 
in the pass. voice: foll. by abl., with ab 
or alone): to7 from assenting, ¢. se ab 
assentiendo, Cic. Acad. 2, 32, 104: J 
cannot r. from embracing, contineri 
quin complectar non queo, Pl. Rud. 4, 
4, 128. 4, parco, péperci, less freq. 
parsi, parcitum, and pursum, 3 (to spare: 
constr. with dat.; rarely with ab, or 
inf.): to r. from lamentations, p. la- 
mentis, Liv. 6, 3: r. from fear, parce 
metu (dat.), Virg. Aen. 1,257: Ir. from 
mentioning the names of living per- 
sons, parco nominibus viventium, Quint. 
3, I, 21 (R. and A.): I confess that I 
rd from availing myself of that as- 
sistance, fateor me pepercisse auxilio, 
Cic. Planc. 35, 86. §, siipersédeo, sedi, 
sessum, 2 (constr. with abl.; less freq. 
dat., acc., or inf.; also impers.): to r. 
from battle, s. praelio (abl.), Caes. B. G. 
2. 8; pugnae, Auct. B. Afr. 75: Ishould 
have r.’d from speaking, supersedissem 
loqui, Liv. 21, 40, ad init.: since it is 
right to r. from disputes, quum litibus 
supersederi aequum sit, id. 38, 51. 
Phr.: Lcould not r. from telling you, 
teneri non potui quin declararem (tibi), 
Cic. Att. 15, 14, 3: I cannot r. from 
sending to you, facere non possum quin 
tibi mittam, id. ib. 12, 27: he ordered 
that they and theirs should r. from doing 
injury, imperavit ut se suosque ab in- 
juria prohiberent, Caes. B. G, 2, 28, extr.: 
Ican scarcely r. from flying at her eyes, 
vix comprimor quin involem illi in 
oculos, Pl. Most. 1, 3, 46: saying that 
he did not r. from answering a private 
man, hegans se privato reticere, Liv. 3, 
1: if they shall in no wise r. from 
ing this, ex nulla facere id si parte 
reparcent, Lucr. 1, 667. 
refresh: 1, récreo, 1 (to restore 
body or mind to a good condition) : the 
tree is r.d by the breeze, arbor recreatur 
aura, Hor. Od. 1, 22, 18: to bring food 
to r. any one after a swoon, recreandae 
defectioni cibum afferre, Tac. A. 6, 50: 
to allow an interval for ring their cou- 
rage, spatium interponere ad recreandos 
animos, Caes. B. C. 3, 74. Join: r. et 
reficere, Cic. Mil. 1, 2: reficere et r., id. 
Plane. 1, 2: reviviscere et recreari, id. 
Fam. 6, 10,5. 2, réfivio, féci, fectum, 
3 (syn. of preced.): to r. the oxen with 
pasture, pabulo boves r., Liv. 1, 7: the 
enfeebled stomach demands to be r.’d, 
stomachus flagitat immorsus refici, Hor. 
S. 2, 4, 61: to r. themselves after their 
toils, se ex labore r., Caes. B. G. 3, 5: 
the dewy moon 7.s the glades, saltus re- 
ficit roscida luna, Virg.G. 3, 337: repeti- 
tion r.s the memory of the judge, rerum 
repetitio memoriam judicis reficit, Quint. 
“Shee 3, réndvo, 1: rest r.’d their 
bodies and souls, quies renovavit corpora 
animosque, Liv. 71,21: tor.the memory, 
memoriam r., Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 100; the 
art of variety r.s the ears, ars variandi 
renovat aures, Quint. 11, 3, 44. 4, in- 
tegro, 1 (to make fresh, renew): tor. a 
mind wearied with listening, animum 
defessum audiendo i., Cic. Inv. 1, £7, extr. 
Join: refici i.que, Gell. 15, 2, ad med. 
5, rédintegro, 1: in order that the 
doves may be r.'d in tite open air, quo 
columbae libero aere redintegrentur, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 6: to r. the memory, 
r. memoriam, Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 99: Caes.: 
Tac. 6, rélévo, 1: to r. one’s limbs, 
membra r., Ov. M. 8,639. Join. r.et 
recreare, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7. 7. réfoveo, 
fovi, fotum, 2: being rd by warm baths, 
refotus calidis piscinis, Suet. Ner. 27: to 
r. one’s strength, r. vires, Tac. A, 12, 66: 
to r. the provinces, wearied by struggles, 
provincias fessas certaminibus r., id. ib. 
2, 54: Ov. 8, répiiro, 1: to r. the 
limbs for toil, membra r. labori, Ov. M. 
4, 216: to v. the spirits, r. animos, Liv. 
44. 38, ad fin. 9, ciiro, 1 (to tend; 
thence, usu. with corpus, etc., to 7. one- 


REFUGE 





self): to r. themselves with food and 
sleep, corpora cibo somnoque c., Liv. 3, 
2: tor. their limbs, ¢. membra, Hor. S. 
2, 2, 81. Phr.: to r. your parched 
mouth with water, levare arida ora aqua, 
Ov. R. Am, 230: to r. themselves with 
food, cibo corpora firmare, Liv. 27, 13, 
ad fin.: to 7. the courage of the soldiers, 
ardorem militis novare, id. 26, 19: J got 
your letter and was somewhat rd, 
accepi litteras et paullulum respiravi, 
Cie, Att. 10, 1, ad init. 

refreshed frente. and adj.): ré- 
quiétus: the soldiers, r., miles r., Liv. 
44, 38: v. preced. art. 

refreshing (part. and adj.): no 
exact equiv. (cf. Niigelsbach St. § 117): 
it may perh, be expr. by jucundus 
(pleasant): water r. to drink, aqua 
potui J. (opp. to amara), Plin. 6, 32, 77: 
he said he had never drunk anything 
more r., negavit se unquam bibisse ju- 
cundius, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34,97: or by some 
adj. that denotes a pleasurable sensation ; 
as, r. water, dulcis aqua, Virg. E. 5, 47: 
r. Aganippe, frigerans Aganippe (a foun- 
tain), Catul. 61, 30: a r. shade, frigus 
opacum, Virg. KE. 1, §2: v. COOLING. 

refreshment: 1. réfectio (rare): 


times set apart for rest and r., tempora | 


ad quietem r.que data, Quint. 10, 3, 26: 
Plin. (N.B—Recreatio in Plin. 22, 23, 
49, is the act of restoring; refectio is 
used in eccl. writers for food: the hour 
of r., refectionis hora, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 
14, ad init.) 2. lévamen, inis, n. (a 
solace, mitigation): a sweet r.toa weary 
traveller, dulce viatori lasso 1., Catul. 68, 
61; Virg.: Cic. 3, expr. more usually 
by a verb: to take some r., cib~ reficere 
vires, Liv. 37, 24: they beggea that they 
would give them some r., orabant ut se 
cibo juvarent, Caes. B. G. 7,78: v. FOOD; 
more indef. expr. by réquies, V. REPOSE. 

refrigeratory: 1. réfrigératorius: 
ar. power in the leaves, foliis r. vis, Plin. 
25, 13,95: V. COOLING. 2, expr. bya 
part.: repressive and r. applications, 
reprimentia et refrigerantia, Cels. 5, 
26, 33. 

refuge: 1, perfigium (the most 
gen. term): sleep seems to be the r. 
From toils and anxieties, p. videtur 
laborum et sollicitudinum esse somnus, 
Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150: to afford a r., p. 
praebere, id. Arch. 7, 16: in Caesar 
there was a r. for the unfortunate, in 
Caesare p. miseris erat, Sall. Cat. 54: 
to avail oneself of a r., perfugio uti, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 38: to close the last r. 
against the vanquished, ultimum victis 
p. claudere, Tac. Agr. 25. Join: portus 
ac p. Cic. Clu. 3, 7. 2. réfiigium 
(once fig. in Cic.): the woods afforded 
a safer r., silvae tutius dedere r., 
Liv. 9, 37, ad fin.: to afford a r. to a 


runaway slave, p. servo praestare, Ulp. | 
Dig. 11, 3, 1, § 2: the senate was the | 


harbour of r., portus erat et r. sena- 
tus, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 26. 3. suffigium 
(covert, shelter) : underground caves, ar. 
against the winter, subterranei specus, 
s. hiemi, Tac. G. 16: the sole r. from 
impending evils, unum urgentium ma- 
lorum s., id. A. 4, 66. 4, confagium 
(poet. and very rare): Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 2. 

5, réceptaciilum (a lurking-place, 
retreat): (Sicily), the r. of our fleets, 








r. classibus nostris, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 3: | 
r. of deserters, r. perfugarum, Tac. A. | 
14, 29: a place of r. after a defeat, | 
r. adversae pugnae, Liv. 6, 33, ad init. | 
| crininc. (N.B.—This is freq. confused 


(N.B.—It is a much weaker expr. than 
the preced.; hence Liv. writes, castra 
sunt victori r., victo perfugium, 44, 39.) 


6, dévertictilum (a place to which | 


one may turn asid): lest a r. should 
be afforded for crimes, ne d. peccatis 


darentur, Cic. Part. Or. 39, 136: Quint. | 


9, 2, 78 (syn. with suffuginm). a. 
Tespectus, tis (a retreat): uf there is no 
r. elsewhere than among the Romans, 
si nullus alio sit quam ad Romanos 
r., Liv. 42, 46: a most glorious r., Tr. 
pulcherrimus, Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9. 8, 
asylum (a sanctuary) : to flee to a place 
of r., in a. confugere, Cic. Verr. 1, 33, 85: 
Virg. : Liv. 9, subsidium (support ; 


REFUSAL 


something to fall back upon): there were 
scarcely a few places of r. for vessels of 
a moderate size, vix modicis navigiis 
pauca s., Tac. A. 4, 67: no other r. than 
the compassion of Caesar, non aliud s, 
quam misericordia Caesaris, id. A. 2, 63, 
adinit.: to providear.,s.comparare, Cic, 
de Or. 1, 45,199. 10, expr. by severel 
metaphors: (i.) portus (a harbour): there 
was ar. in him against whom they bore 
arms, p. fuit apud eum contra quem 
arma tulerunt, Cic. Verr. 5, 58, 153. 
Join: p. et perfugium, Cic. Clu. 3, 8. 
ii.) arx (the stronghold), the r. of pro- 
Jligate citizens, a. civium perditorum, 
Cic. Pis. 5, 11 (Joined with receptacu- 
lum): Liv. 7, 29. (iii-) praesidium (de- 
Jence: r. against an attach): ilus- 
trious r. for sorrowing prisoners, in- 
signe maestis p. reis, Hor. Od. 2, 1, 13. 
(N.B.—Receptus in Virg. Aen. 11, §29, is 
doubtful: al. recessus: cf. Liv. 44, 39.) 
Phr.: they had no place of r., quo se 
reciperent non habebant, Caes. B. G. 4, 
38: to have a place of r., bhabere quo 
confugere possis, Cic. Fam. 4, 6. 2. 
refuge, flee for, take: 1. confii- 
gio, fugi, 3 (constr. with in with acc., ad, 
or adv. of direction) : to flee for r. to the 
ships, in naves c., Caes. B.C. 3, 9, ad fin. 
we flee to thee for r., ad te confugimus, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5: to take r. at the altar, 
c. in aram, id. ib. 1, 35, 85: to take r. in 
your good faith, in tuam fidem c., id. 
Quint. 2, 10: to flee for r. to the aid of 
judges, ad opem judicum c., id. Fontei. t1, 
23. 9. perfiigio, fagi, 3 (constr. with 
acc, of place, ad, or adv. of direction): 
after fleeing to the judgment-seat for Tr, 
quum perfugisset ad tribunal, Tac. A. 1, 
323 thither all the crowd fled for r., ee 
omnis turba perfugit, Liv. 1, 8, ad fin.: 
to take r. in Bactra, Bactra p., Curt. 6, 
6, 22. 3, profiigio, figi, 3: to flee for 
r. to Brutus, p. ad Brutum, Cic. Att. 15, 
21: Caes. 4, réfigio, fiigi, 3: to take 
r. with the ambassadors, r. ad legatos, 
Cic. Deivt. 11, 32: the townsmen look r. 
in the citadel, in arcem oppidani re- 
fugere, Liv. 6, 33. 5, décurro, ciicurri 
or curri, cursum, 3 (run for help); v. 
HAVE RECOURSE TO. Phr.. to take r, 
in philosophy, in philosopbiae portum 
se conferre, Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2. 
refugee: 1, profaigus (usu. adj. ; 
banished): to render assistance toar., 
profugo afferre opem, Ov. Pont. 2, y, 6. 
9. confiiga: Cod. Just. 1, 12, 6 
8, exul, iilis: v. EXILE. 


refulgence: splendor: v. BRIL- 
LIANCY. 
refulgent: splendidus: v. BRIL- 
LIANT. 


refund: réfundo, fiidi, fusum, 3: to 
r. property, bona r., Plin. Pan. 40° to Tr, 
what he has received, r. quod accepit, 
Ulp. Dig. 12, 4, 5, ad fin.: V. REPAY. 
Phr.: a law under which a person may 
be compelled to r. money wrongfully de- 
tained, lex de pecuniis repetundis, Cic. 
Brut. 27, 106. 
refusal: 1, réciisatio. the r. of the 
discussion, r. disputationis, Cic. de Or. 2, 
7, 26: without any r., sine ulla r., id. 
Phil. 7, 4, 133 sine r., Caes. B.C. 3, 98. 
Q, répiidiatio (a rejection): a pre- 
tence will be ar. in my eyes, mibi simu- 
latio pro repudiatione erit. Cic. Att. 12, 
51. 3, rétractatio: only in phr. siner., 
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38. 4, détrectatio 
(a declining): ar. to serve in the army, 
d. militiae, Liv. 3, 69, ad init.: v. DE- 


with the preced., as in Liv. 6, 28.) — , 
répulsa (a@ rejection, repulse): to endure 
ar., ¥. pati, Ov. M. 2,97: the pain of a 
r., dolor repulsae, id. ib. 3, 395. 6. 
rénitus, iis (a nod of dissent: perh. 
only once used): to answer by assent 
or 7., nutu ac r. respondere, Plin. Ep. 
1,71. Phr.: bidar. to be sent to him, 
jube ad illum renuntiari, Pl. Stich. 4, 2, 
19: Cic.: the r. of a triumph was more 
glorious than any triumph itself, omni 
acto triumpho depositus triumphus cla- 
rior fuit, Liv. 2, 47, ad fin.: to make 
signs of r. with the hand, manu abnuere, 
id. 36, 34: to give any one the r. of a 
659 


REFUSE 


REGALE 


REGARD 





purchase, perh. *optionem emendi alicui 
dare: v. OPTION, 
refuse (v.): 1, réciiso, 1 (to de- 
cline, reject an offer, deny a request : 
constr. with acc., de, acc. and inf., swbj. 
after ne, quin, quominus, or absol.): 
to r. the friendship of the Romans, 
populi Romani amicitiam r., Caes. B. G, 
I, 44: to r. tribute, r. de stipendio, id. 
ib.: his feet r. to carry his body, pedes 
ferre recusant corpus, Hor. S. 2, 7, 103: 
nor do I r. to go as your companion, 
nec tibi comes ire recuso, Virg. Aen. 2, 
jo4: he vr.’ to express his opinion, 
sententiam ne diceret recusavit, Cic. Off. 
3, 297, loo. Join: non r, non abnuo, 
id. Mil. 36, 100. 9, abnuo, ui, itum 
or uitum, 3 (to r. by shalcing the head: 
constr. with ace., rarely de): to under- 
stand what each man grants, and what 
he r.s to grant, intelligere quid quis- 
que concedat, quid abnuat, Cic. Fin. 
2, I, 3: nor did the senate dare to r. 
him anything, neque illi senatus de 
ullo negotio a. audebat, Sall. Jug. 84: 
to r. to obey one’s superior, a. melioribus 
parere, Liv. 22, 13, extr. 3. rénuo, 
ui, 3 (to deny by a shake of the head; 
constr. with acc. or absol.): you 7. what 
another orders, r. tu quod jubet alter, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 63: to r. a banquet, r. 
convivium, Cic. Goel. 11, 27: he 7.s and 
steadfastly says no, r. negitatque, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 16, 49. 4, négo, 1 (to deny 
@ request, say no): to r. the rights of 
citizenship, n. civitatem, Suet. Aug. 4o: 
he r.s to go to meet the enemy, se ad 
hostem iturum negat, Caes. B.G. 5, 36, 
extr.; to r. obstinately, obstinate n., id. 
ib. 5, 6: to r. curtly, praecise n., Cic, 
Att. 8, 4, ad jin.: to r. courteously, 
belle n., Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 11, 45: the 
region r.s to bear fruit, poma negat 
regio, Ov. Tr. 3, I0, 73. 5, dénégo, 1 
(strengthened form of preced.): to 1. 
to give, dare d., Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 78: 
to r. one his request, aliquid petenti d., 
Caes. B. G. 1, 42: those to whom nature 
has r.’d powers of oratory, ii quibus 
natura oratorium ingenium denegavit, 
Tac. Or. 10, ad init. 6, abnégo, 1 
(mostly poet.): to r. a marriage and a 
dowry, a. conjugium et dotes, Virg. Aen. 
7, 423: to r. to be one’s companion, 
comitem a. (sc. se), Hor. Od. 1, 35, 22. 
7. subnego (to half r.): I had al- 
most half r.d your request, tibi prope 
subnegaram, Cic. Fam. 7, 19. 8. 
pernégo, 1 (to 7. utterly): he rd 
the practorship, he utterly rd _ the 
consulship, praeturam negavit, consu- 
latum pernegavit, Sen. Ben. 5, 17, 2. 
9, répiidio, 1 (to 7. with scorn, 
reject ; esp. as a law term): to r. an 
inheritance, r. hereditatem, Papin. Dig. 
37,77, § 31: tor. a match, conditionem 
r., Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 54: to r. a province, 
Tt. provinciam, bic Phil. 3, ro, 26: v. 
REJECT, RENOUNCE. 10, rétracto, 1 
(to be reluctant ; decline, mostly absol.) : 
no one r.ing whose age allowed him to go, 
nullo qui per aetatem ire posset re- 
tractante, Liv. 3, 52: freq. confused in 
MSS. with détrecto: v. DECLINE. 11, 
respuo, ui, 3 (to r. with disdain): to 
r. the terms, r. conditiones, Caes. B. G. 
1,42: he kicks, hers, calcitrat, respuit, 
Cic. Coel. 15, 36. Phr.: on saying that 
he did nof r., cum se non nolle dixisset, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75: to 7. to hearken 
to prayers, preces aversari, Liv. 3, 12, 
ad fin.; he rd flatly without maling 
any exception, plane sine ulla exceptione 
praecidit, Cic. Att 8, 4, ad jin.: to r. 
any one the rites of burial, aliquem 
sepultura prohibere, Auct. Her. 4, 24, 
33: she r.s to strike the lyre, refugit 
tendere barbiton, Hor. Od. ft, 1, 34. 
refuse (swbs.): 1, purgamentum : 
@ sewer, the receptacle of all the r. of the 
city, cloaca, receptaculum omnium p. 
urbis, Liv. 1, 56: a cart in which the 
garden r. is carried out, vehiculum quo 
p. hortorum eripiuntur, Tac. A. 11, 32: 
a term of abuse, Curt. 6, TI, 2. 2 
urgamen, inis (same as preced.): Ov. 
‘ast. 6,713. 3, ejectamentum: (what 
ts cast up): the r. of the sea, e. maris, 
660 


Tac: G. 45. 4, récrementum (prop. 
what ts sifted out); the r. of lead, r. 
plumbi, Cels. 6, 8, ad init.: Gell. 17, 11. 
5, excrémentum (same as preced.) : 

the r. of wheat, e. tritici, Col. 8, 5, extr.: 
of the body, Plin. 11, 26, 32. 6, ré- 
trimentum: the r. of lead, r. plumbi, 
Cels. 5, 15: of pressed olives, Warr. R. R. 
I, 64. 7, quisquiliae: usu. in fig. 
sense: defined by Isid. Orig. 17, 6, as 
purgamenta terrarum. 8, faex, cis, 
Ju: V. DREGS. 

refutation: 1, réfiitatio: the r. 
of a charge, r. accusationis, Cic. Top. 25, 
93: the function of an advocate consists 
wholly in 7., pars defensoris tota est 
posita in refutatione, Quint. 5, 13, I 
(q. V.). 9. confutatio: r. is the act 
of invalidating opposite positions, c. est 
contrariorum locorum dissolutio, Auct. 
erst 504: 3. répréhensio: corro- 
boration and r., confirmatio et r., Cic. 
Part. Or. 12, 443; Quint. 5, 7, 14. 4, 
dissélitio (a reply): av. of the charges, 
d. criminum, Cic. Clu. 1, 3. 5, re- 
sponsio: @ r. of one’s own argument, 
sibi ipsi r., Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207: v. 
REPLY. §. révictio, Ps. Apul. Dogm. 
Plat. p. 31,ad fin. ‘7, expr. more freq. 
by verbs: the trustworthiness of the 
oracles admits either of proof or r., 
oraculorum fides confirmari aut refelli 
potest, Quint. §, 7, 36: v. foll. arts. 

refutatory; réfutatorius, Cod. Just. 
4, 61, I, ad fin. 

refute: 1, réfello, felli, 3 (to shew 
to be false): if that were false, why did 
not your son r. it? id si falsum fuerat 
filius cur non refellit? Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 54: 
to r. an opponent, r. adversarium, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 72, 293: to 7. one’s words, 
r. dicta, Virg. Aen. 4, 380. Join: re- 
dargui r.que, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5: r. et 
redarguere, id. Lig. 5, 16. 2, rédarguo, 
ui, 3 (to contradict, prove the opposite) : 
what has been assumed as probable must 
be r/d, redarguenda ea quae pro veri- 
similibus sumpta sunt, Cic. Part. Or. 12, 
44: opp. to probari, id. de Or. 2, 72, 293; 
Quint. 3, réftito, 1 (to disprove, repel 
an allegation) : tor. rather by deeds than 
words, Y. re magis quam verbis, Cic. 
Manil. 17, 52: to r. the tribunes in a 
Jjierce harangue, r. tribunos oratione 
feroci, Liv. 2, 52, ad jin.: Virg. 4. 
confuto, 1 (to put down by arguments, 
silence): to r, the arguments of the 
Stoics, c. Stoicorum argumenta, Cic. Div. 
| 1, 5, 8: if is of no consequence to r. in 
words charges disproved by facts, cri- 
mina revicta rebus verbis c. nihil attinet, 
Liv. 6, 26, ad fin. 5, révinco, vici, 
victum, 3: Vv. DISPROVE, and preced. art. 

6. convinco, vici, victum, 3: to 7. 

crimes by prooj/s, c. peccata argumentis, 
Cic. Part. Or. 33, 116. Join: redargui 
et c., id. Tim. 3, ad init. 7. dissolvo, 
solvi, sdlitum, 3 (to break the force of 
an accusation): the points they cannot 
r., €& quae non possunt d., Cic. de Or. 
2, 28, 158: Quint. 8. diluo, ui, 
utum, 3 (prop. to wash away: to show 
the nothingness of an allegation): you 
ought to 1, these things and show them 


doceas, Cic. Coel. 15, 35: tor. the abuse 
of a critic, convicia reprehensoris d., id. 
N: DS 25920: 9. répréhendo, di, 
sum, 3} (a é. ¢. in rhetoric): if shows no 
skill to r. irrelevant points, supervacua 
r. nullius est artis, Quint. 5, 13, 163 Cic. 
10. amolior, 4 (a ¢. ¢. in rhetoric) : 

Quint. 5, 13, II: V. REBUT. 11, mi- 
nuo, ui, itum, 3 (to destroy, overthrow) : 
this opinion must be r.d, minuenda est 
haec opinio, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 74. 

refuter: 1, réfutator: Arn. 2, 
confitator: Hier. 

regain: récipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: v. 
RECOVER. Phr.: to r. strength and 
Jlesh, revocare vires et corpus, Cic. Fam. 
4, 26, extr.: that the charters might r. 
their force, ut diplomata revalescerent, 
Tac. H. 2, 54: to r. any one’s favour, 
redire in gratiam cum aliquo, Cic. Phil. 
2, 30, 76. ) 

regal: régalis: v. ROYAL. 

regale: expr. by excipere, accipere 





to be false, ea diluas oportet et falsa esse | 





(Vv. ENTERTAIN), with adv. or adv. phr.: 
he will r. you on pearl barley, te polenta 
excipiet, Sen. Ep. 21, 10: to r. sump= 
tuously, apparatis epulis e., Tac. G. 215 
magnificentissimo hospitio a. aliquem, 
Cic. Div. 2, 37, 19: to r. any one with 
fisticuffs, hospitio pugneo a., Pl. Amph. 
1, I, 140: to 1. oneself, v. FEAST: to 
allow the soldiers to r. themselves, epulari 
permittere militibus, Liv. 24, 16, ad jin.: 
when we had r.d ourselves in first-rate 
style, cum epulati essemus Saliarem in 
modum, Cic. Att. 5, 9, ad tnit.: (lit., 
like the Sali), 
regalia (pl.): insignia regia: with 
the purple and sceptre and r., cum pur- 
pura et sceptro et illis insignibus regiis, 
Cic, Sest. 26, 57: more indef., honorum 
decora atque insignia, Flor. 1, 26, 5. 
N.B.—Insigne regium (Curt. 3, 3, 19) 
or regis (Virg. Aen. 12, 289) denotes 
some particular ensign of royalty, such 
as a tiara or diadem. 
regard (v.): |. Zo look at, con- 
sider : 1, intueor, itus sum, 2 (both 
lit. and fig.: constr. with acc., with or 
without in): to r. the sun steadfastly, 
acriter oculis solem i., Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 
73: @ meeting which now r.s you with 
most bitter feelings, frequentia quae 
nunc animo te intestissimo i., id. Verr. 
5,55, 144: he r.'d rather that which it 
was right Jor him to do, potius quid se 
facere par esset intuebatur, Nep. Att. 
9, 7- 2. respicio, exi, ectum, 3 (to 
have a care; be mindful of): to r. the 
model which life offers, r. exemplar 
vitae, Hor. A. P. 317: to r. the wretched 
husbandmen, r. miseros aratores, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 10, 26: will you not even then r. 
yourself ? ne tum quidem te respicies? 
id. Fin. 2, 24,79. 3. specto, 1 (to keep 
in view, esp. as an aim or end; constr, 
with acc., with or without ad): in philo- 
sophy it is facts which are r.d, not 
words which are weighed, in philosophia 
res spectatur non verba penduntur, Cic. 
Or. 16, 51: we ought to r. the things 
which actually exist in practice and 
daily life, ad ea quae sunt in usu vita- 
que communi s. debemus, id. Am. 5, 18. 
4, respecto, I (rare: in Cic. it 
means to expect): tf the Gods in any- 
wise r. the good, si qua pios respectant 
numina, Virg. Aen. 1, 603. 5, very 
freq. expr. by rationem habere, v. foll. 
art. Phr.: to 7. one’s fears rather 
than one’s duty, consulere timori magis 
quam religioni, Caes. B.C. 1, 67: they 
r. nothing but the soul, praeter animum 
nihil curant, Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 36. Il. 
To view in a certain light: au 
habeo, 2 (to hold, account: constr. with 
acc., abl. with pro, or gen. of value): 
to r. the gods as eternal and happy, bh. 
deos aeternos et beatos, Cic. N. D. 1, 
17, 45: to r. anything as @ certainty, 
aliquid pro facto h., id Att. 13, 1° 
whose power was highly rd wm those 
parts, cujus auctoritas in iis regionibus 
magni habebatur, Caes. B. G. 4, 21: he 
r.’d those who were brought back in the 
light of enemies, reductos in numero 
hostium habuit, id. ib. 1, 28: to r. any- 
thing as a prodigy, aliquid prodigii loeo 
h., Tac. A. 13, 58: V. VIEW. 2, dico, 
xi, ctum, 3 (to consider, reckon): inno- 
cence began to be r.'d as malevolence, 
innocentia pro malevolentia duci coepit, 
Sall. Cat. 12: v. accounT. Phr.: if 
they wished him to r. them as exculpated, 
si sibi purgati esse vellent, Caes. B. G. 
Kf 28: Il]. Zo esteem, value: perh. 
best expr. by verbs like facio, aes!imo, 
habeo with a gen. or adv. of price or 
degree: Vv. RESPECT, ESTEEM. IV. Te 
have reference to: specto, 1: V, RELATE. 
regard (subs.) : |. Consideration : 
], ratio (almost always joined to 
habeo): to have r. to his own safety, 
suae salutis r. habere, Caes. B. G. 7, 71: 
to have r. to his duty, habere r. officii, 
id. ib. 5, 27, ad fin.: we must have r. 
not only to ourselves but to others, non 
sua solum sed etiam aliorum habenda 
est r., Cic. Off. 1, 39,139. 2, respectus, 
us: party spirit and r. for private in- 
terests, factio r.que rerum privatarum, 


, 





REGARDLESS 





REGRET 


REGULAR 





Liv. 2, 30, ad init.: to have some r. for 
his friendship, aliquem r. amicitiae ha- 
bere, id. 42, 37: to have r. to the senate, 
r. ad senatum habere, Cic. Phil. 5,18, 49. 
8. ciira (attention, solicitude): you 
who had a r. for my welfare will also 
have a r. for my standing, tibi erit 
eidem, cui salus mea fuit, etiam dignitas 
curae, Cic. Fam. 1, 9,22: v.cARE. 4, 
pudor, Oris (a sense of shame; respect 
for): ar. for one’s reputation, p. famae, 
Cic. Prov. Cons. 6, 14: r. for my father, 
patris p., Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 27. Phr.: 
to pay no r. to anything, nihil pensi 
habere, Quint. 11, 1, 29: Tac.: to show 
sufficient r. for the ties of kindred, pro 
pietate satisfacere, Caes. B. G. 5, 27, 
adfin. ||, Esteem: honor: v. RESPECT. 
Il]. Reference: ratio: v. REFERENCE. 
regardless: negligens, inctiridsus: 
V. IIEEDLESS, + ‘ 
regardlessly: negligenter, inciri- 
Ose: V. HEEDLESSLY. 
regatta: *remigandi certamen, to 
take part in a r., perh. inire certamen 
remis, after Virg. Aen. 5, 114. 
regency: procuratio regni, Caes. 
B. C. 3, 108: a council of r., during the 
king's minority, amici regis qni propter 
aetatem ejus ik curatione erant regni, 
id. ib. 3, 104: meantime a boy sat on 
the throne under the r. of a woman, 
tantisper tutela muliebri regnum puero 
stetit, Liv. 1, 3, ad wit. i 
regenerate (part. and adj.): v. 
foll. art. 
regenerate (v.): régénéro, Eccl. : 
to r., renasci, denuo nasci, Vulg. 
Joan. iii. 3, 7. 
regeneration: régénératio, Vulg. 
Matt. xix. 28: the laver of r., lavacrum 
regenerationis, Aug. C. D. 22, 8, 5. 
regent: procurator regni, Caes. B. C. 
3, 112, ad fin.: f. -trix. Cic.: as it were 
7. of the commonwealth, quasi tutor ac 
procurator reipublicae, Cic. Rep. 2, 29: 
the king had lefi the Roman people r. 
Jor his son, rex tutorem (guardian) 
populum Romanum filio reliquisset, 
Val. Max. 6, 6, 1: to govern the king- 
dom of a minor under the title of r., 
tutorio nomine regnum pupilli admi- 
nistrare, Just. 30, 3. 
regicide: |. The murderer of a 
king: expr. by regis occisor, Pl. Mil. 4, 
2, 653 interfector, Liv. 24, 7; percussor, 
Just. 9, 7. The murderers of Caesar 
were called parricidae, Cic. Phil. 2, 13, 
31. Wf. The murder of a king: caedes 
regis, Cic. Rep. 2, 25: v. TYKANNICIDE. 
regimen: Victus, tis’ v. DIET, LIVING. 
regiment: expr. by légio, which is 
preferable to *chilias (ytAcas), a term 
employed by some modern writers: if 
of cavalry, *turma, schola equitum 
(Kr.): the band of a r., perh. * milites 
symphoniaci (? R. and A.): v. also Liv. 
9, 41, ad fin. 
regimental: perh. legionarius. 
regimentals (p/.): ornatus vesti- 
tusque militaris, Nep. Dat. 9, 3: statues 
of men in r., statuae ornatu militari, 
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61. 
region: j, régio: uninhabitable 
r.s, Tr. inhabitabiles, Cic. N. D. 1, 10, 24: 
the r. of the ribs, costarum r., Cels. 4, 1: 
the r.s of the West, vespertina r., Hor. S. 
I, 4, 30: boundless r.s that have no shore, 
no limit, infinitae r. quarum nulla est ora, 
nulla extremitas, Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 102 
I began to survey the r.s round about, 
coepi r. circumcirca prospicere, Serv, in 
id. Fam. 4, 5, 4. 2, tractus, iis 
(district): that most famous r. of Vena- 
Frum, t. ille celeberrimus Venafranus, 
Cic. Plane. 9, 22: the wild olive growing 
tn the same r., tractu surgens oleaster 
eodem, Virg. G. 2, 182: the r. of the sky 
being infected, corrupto coeli tractu, id. 
Aen. 3, 138. 3. dra (shore, margin) : 
in whatever r. and part of the world, 
quacunque in ora ac parte terrarum, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164: in the remotest r.s 
of Asia, extremis Asiae in oris, Virg. G. 
2, 171: the r.s of Vight, luminis orae, id. 
Aen. 7, 660 (opp. to Acheruntis, Lucr.): 
the cold r.s, gelida o., Hor. Od. 1, 26, 4. 
4, pars, tis, f. (in sing. only as a 





med. ¢. t.): the lower r. of the liver, 
inferior (jecinoris) p., Cels. 4, I: rs 


| of the universe, p. mundi, Cic. N. D. 1, 


10, 24: the r.s of the East, Orientis p., 
id. Mur. 41, 83: in the farthest r.s of the 
unknown world, in extremis ignoti par- 
tibus orbis, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 3. 5, plaga 
(poet.): the etherial rs, aetheria p., 
Virg. Aen. 1, 394: the r.s (i. e. zones) 
are marked on the globe, p. tellure pre- 
muntur, Ov.M.1,48. 6, arvum (prop. 
arable land; poet.): in what a r. we 
lie ! quali jaceamus in arvo, Ov. Pont. 4, 
4, 3: the r.s that border the Tiber, vicina 
‘Thybridis a., Virg. Aen. 3, 500. if: 
Olten expr. by an. pl.: the lofty r.s of 
the Alps, ardua Alpinm, Tac. H. 4, 70: 
the mountain r.s of Cilicia, montuosa 
Ciliciae, Plin. 11, 53, 116. Phr.: to re- 
main in the 7.8 of Mesopotamia, circa 
Mesopotamiam subsistere, Curt. 4. 9, 1: 
the infernal r.s, sedes scelerata, Ov. M. 
4, 456: to suffer punishment in the 
infernal r.s, ad inferos poenas luere, 
Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 32 (opp. to superos). 
register: |. Alist, record: 1, 
tabiilae (pl. ; tablets): a r. draun upin 
Greek characters, t. Graecis literis con- 
fectae, Caes. B.G. 1, 29: the r. of the 
censors, censoriae t., Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 4. 
9. album (a white tablet): to enter 
in ar., in a. efferre, Cic. de Or. 2. 12, 52: 
to strike out of ther. of senators, a. sena- 
torio eradere, Tac. A. 4, 42, extr. S) 
ratio: give me the r. of the prison, cedo 
r. carceris, Cie, Verr. 5, 57, 147: to make 
a r. of names, r. nominatim conficere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 29: the r. of deaths, perh. 
r. Libitinae, Suet. Ner.39,ad init. 4, 
liber, bri (a book: usu. in p!.): a r. of 
letters received and sent, libri literarum 
allatarum., missarum, Cic. Verr. 3, 71, 167. 
5, régestum (only in pl ): ther. of the 
scribes, r. scribarum, Vopisc. Prob. 2, 1. 
6. syllabus: the r.s of time, syllabi 
temporum, Aug. Conf. 13,15. 7, cata- 
légus: v.cCATALOGUE. Phr.: the public 
r. of land does not amount to more than 
30,000 jugers, jugerum subscriptio ac 
professio non plus est xxx. millium, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 47, extr.: to male an al- 
phabetical r. of the names of childless 
old men, digerere in literam senes orbos, 
Sen. Ep. 68, 10: a r. of judicial sen- 
tences, pericula magistratuum, Cic. Verr. 
3,79, 183. I]. Musical t. t.: the r. of 
the voice, *vocis, soni genus, varietas, 
discrimen (Kr.): to ascertain the r. of 
the voice, perh. altitudinem vocis emetiri, 
after Gell. 16, 18: the r. of an hydraulic 
organ, pleuritis, Idos, Vitr. ro, 8 (13), 3 
(al. plinthis). 
register (v.): 1, perscribo, psi, 
ptum, 3: he took care to have these rd 
in the public archives, perscribenda in 
tabulas pubficas curavit, Cic. Verr. 1, 21, 
57: since the decree of the senate is not 
yet rod, quoniam nondum perscriptum 
est senatus consultum, id. Cat. 3, 6, 13. 
2. consigno, 1: a record r.’d in the 
public documents, publicis literis con- 
signata memoria, Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 46: to 
r. estates, perh. ce. fundos, Brutus in Cic. 
de Or. 2, 55, 224. Fig.: ideas innate | 
and as tt were r.’d, innatae et quasi con- 
signatae notiones, id. Tuse. 1,24,57. 8, 
persigno, 1 (to make an inventory : rare) : 
to r. the offerings, dona p., Liv. 25, 7. 
4, More freq. expr. by in tabulas, 
album, referre, efferre: v.ENTER. Phr. : 
this property is not yet publicly v.d, 
haec bona in tabulas publicas nondum 
redierunt, Cic. Rose. Am. 44, 128. 





registrar : ], tibularius, Sen. 
Ep. 88,10: Dig. 2, commentariensis, 
Paul. Dig. 49, 14, 45. 3. Expr. in 
Inscr. by ab actis, acommentariis. 4, 
actuarius: v. CLERK. 

Tegistr: tion: _perh. _ perscriptio 
(entry in writing, Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 11): 
but better by a verb. 

registry; tabularia: Cod. Justin. 7, 
9, 3 (tabularium: Cic.: Liv. = archives). 

regnant: regnans, ntis: v, REIGNING, 
REIGN. 

regret (subs.): 1, désidérium (a 
longing: esp. for what ts lost: the form | 
desideratio occurs in Cie. Sen. 14, 47): r. 


Jor one’s own relations is natural, na 
turale d. suorum est, Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 
7, 1: the r.s of the whole of Italy, d. 
totius Italiae, id. ib. 3,1: r. for so dear 
@ person, d. tam cari capitis, Hor. Od. 
I, 24, 1: he has left us mournful r. for 
his wisdom, prudentiae suae triste nobis 
d. reliquit, Cic. Brut. 1, 2. 2. more 
indef. délor: v. sorrow. Join: desi- 
derium ac d., Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 4. 3. 
poenitentia: v. REPENTANCE. 
regret (v.): |. To feel the want 
of: , Sometimes réquiro, quisivi, or 
sii, quisitum, 3 (to miss): they r. their 
lost comrades in their talk, amissos socios 
sermone requirunt, Virg. Aen. 1,217: or 
by désidéro, 1 euler the loss of : rare): 
Vv. MISS. 2. More commonly expr. by 
a phr. with désidérium: (0 7. the loss of 
Scipio, Scipionis desiderio moveri, Cic. 
Am. 3,10: tor. the loss of their strength, 
desiderio virium teneri, id. Sen. 10, 33: 
to r., esse in desiderio, id. Fam. 2, 
12, 3. Phr.: J never saw anything 
better; and therefore I r. him, nihil vidi 
melius; itaque careo aegre, id. Att. 9, 2, 
ad init. ||. Yo be sorry for: : ¥ 
déleo, 2 (to grieve): I r. that you are 
not delighted at your own prosperity, 
doleo te non tuis bonis delectari, Cic. 
Fam. 4, 3, I: V. GRIEVE. 2. piget, 
2, impers. (constr. with acc. of Eng. sub- 
ject and gen. of object or inf. mood): I 
rT. the depravity of the state, me p. civi- 
tatis morum, Sall. Cat. 4: Ir. lo have to 
relate, (me) p. referre, Liv. 9, 18, med. 
3. poenitet, 2, imper's. (same constr.) : 
V. TO REPENT. 
regular (adj.): =|, Arranged, or 
coming in order: ], ordinarius 
(coming in the usual order): the r. con- 
suls, o. consules, Liv. 41, 18, ad fin.: a 
r. consulship, 0. consulatus, Suet. Galb. 


| 6: vines standing in r. order, 0. vites, 


Col. 3,16. 2, ordinatus (prop. a part., 
like the two next words): to perform 
their r. courses, cursus 0. definire, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 40, 101: a more r. life, vita or- 
dinatior, Sen. Ep. 74, 25: a sedate and 
Tr. man, compositus o.que vir, id. Vit. 
Beat. 8, 3. 3. compésitus: in r. 
array, composito agmine, Tac. A. 12, 
16: in r. conformity with rule and 
principle, ad legem ac regulam c., Quint. 
12, 10, 50. 4, dispdsitus: the r. lives 
of men please me, vita hominum d. me 
delectat, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, ad init. 5. 
rectus: a quincunz which is r. on what- 
ever side you view it, qnuincunx qui 
quamcunque in partem spectaveris r. 
est, Quint. 8. 3,9. 6, candnicus (very 
rare): eclipses of the sun at r. intervals, 
c. defectiones solis, Aug. C. D. 3, 15: 
Vitr. Phr.: a r. arrangement, dis- 
positio, Cic. Inv. 1, 7,9: at 7. intervals, 
paribus intervallis, Caes. B. G. 7, 23: 
trees planted in r. order, arbores in or- 
dinem satae, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, ad init.: 
to digress from the r. order of events, ab 
rerum ordine declinare, Liv. 9, 17, init. 

Il. Symmetrical, with a due ar- 
rangement of parts: NO exact equiv. 
either for the adj. or adv.: symmetros 
(avuperpos) occurs once in Vitr. 1, 2, 4: 
perh. bene figuratus (well shaped), id. 3, 
I, 1: ef. Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 34: well shaped 
and r. in his other limbs, ceteris mem- 
bris aequalis et congruens, Suet. Tib. 68: 
notched and more r. leaves, folia angu- 
losa et concinniora. Plin. 16, 34, 62, § 
148. ||]. Constant, determinate: 1, 
certus: a r. guest, c. conviva, Hor. Ep, 
I, 7, 75: seasons passing by with r. 
movement, decedentia c. tempora mo- 
mentis, id. ib. 1, 6, 3: to employ a r. 
form of oath, in c. verba jurare, Cic. Inv. 
2, 45, 132. 2. constans, ntis: the r, 
and determinate motions of the stars, 
motus stellarum constantes et rati, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 20, 513 2, 21, 54: @ r. speech, c, 
oratio, id. Off. 1, 40, 144. 3, stitus 
(fixed): the r. blowing of the winds, 
stati ventorum flatus, Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 1: 
the spring increases and diminishes bya 
r. increase and diminution, fons 8. auc- 
tibus ac diminutionibus crescit decres- 
citque, Plin. Ep. 4, 30, ad init. 4. 
aequabilis (equable): a on aa 

I 


REGULAR 





and r. movement, motus quidam certus 
et a., Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23: temperate and 
r. behaviour, moderati a.que habitus, id. 
Fin. 5, 12, 36: r. in all the duties of 
life, cunctis vitae officiis a., Tac. H. 4, 
5: v. UNIFORM. Phr.: the r. course of 
life, tenor vitae, Ov. H. 17, 14: to keep 
the r. order of battle, tenorem pugnae 
servare, Liv. 30, 18, ad fin. IV. 4e- 
cording to usage, formal, complete : 
1, justus: ar. war, j. bellum, Cic. 
Cat. 2,1, 1: 7. soldiers, j. arma, Liv. 38, 
22: a r. march, j. iter, Caes. B. C. 1, 23: 
@ stature which exceeded the r. height, 
statura quae justam excederet, Suet. Tib. 
68. 9. rectus: the fashion of r. 
formal dinners, rectarum coenarum con- 
suetudo, Suet. Dom. 7, ad init. Join: 
r. ac justus, Liv. 35, 4, extr. 3. le- 
gitimus (right: sanctioned by some 
law): a r. poem, 1. poema, Hor. Ep. 2, 
2, 109: the r., ordinary boxers, 1. et 
ordinarii pugiles, Suet. Aug. 45: a r. 
Girth, 1. partus, Plin. 8, 43, 68. 4. 
Sollennis (wonted, usual): ther. number 
of witnesses, 8. numerus testium, Ulp. 
Dig. 28, 1, 21: the r. employment of 
Romans, Romanis s. viris opus, Hor. Ep. 
I, 18, 49: to resume their r. avocations, 
sollennia repetere, Tac. A. 3, 6: v. €US- 
TOMARY. 5, formalis (rare): to value 
at a r. price, f. pretio aestimare, Ulp. 
Dig. 35, 2,62: v. FORMAL, SET. Phr.: 
r. troops, perh. legionarii milites, after 
Caes. B. G. 1, 42: a 7. noun, nomen re- 
gulam servans, Prisc. 707 P.: @ Tr. ora- 
tion, oratio apta et numerosa, Cic. Or. 52, 
174: ar. doctor, perh. *medicus rite ac 
legibus constitutus. 
regular (subs.): *regularis (sacer- 
dos): v. MONE. 
regularly: |. Imdueorder: 1, 
ordine (abl. of ordo): if this seems to be 
duly and r. done, si hoc recte atque o. 
factum videtur, Cic. Quint. 7, 28. 2. 
ordinatim: a mantelet r. constructed, 
musculus o. structus, Caes. B. C. 2, ro. 
8. ordinaté: to arrange r., o. dis- 
ponere, Auct. Her. 4, 56, ad fin.: v. 
METHODICALLY. 4, composité: to 
walk r., c. ambulare, Col. 6, 2 (of oxen): 
to speak 1., c. dicere, Cic. Or. 71, 236: to 
carry on everything r. rather than 
hastily, compositius cuncta quam festi- 
nantius agere, Tac. A. 15, 3. 5, dis- 
posité: to accuse r., d. accusare, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 40, 87: to build very r., dispo- 
sitissime aedificare, Sid. Ep. 5, 11. 
Phr.: in all things which are r. and 
systematically taught, in omnibus quae 
ratione docentur et via, Cic. Or. 33, 116. 
I]. Systematically : v. REGULAR 
(adj.) (I1.). Il]. Constantly : 1. 
constanter: to perform their yearly re- 
volutions most r., constantissime conficere 
vicissitudines anniversarias, Cic. N. D. 
2, 38, 97. Q. aequabiliter: v. unr- 
FORMLY. Phr.: to be r. faithful, uno 
tenore fidem colere, Liv. 22, 37, ad fin. : 
acurtain r. and gently drawn up, aulaea 
placido educta tenore, Ov. M. 3, 163: @ 
pipe whose rows of reeds decrease r., 
fistula cui semper decrescit arundinis 
ordo, Tib. 2, 5, 31. IV. Formally : 
1, recté, just€: v. DULY, RIGHTLY. 
Q. légitimeé: fo marry7r., |. nubere, 
Juv. 10, 338: Cic. 8. sollenniter: 
everything done 7., 8. acta omnia, Ulp. 
Dig. 45, 1, 30. 4, régulariter: id. ib. 
15,3, 3,9 2. 5, régilatim: Veg. Vet. 
2, 41, ad fin. Phr.: to usea wordr., 
secundum grammaticam legem dicere 
(aliquid), Gell. 13, 20, ad fin. 
regularity: |, Orderly arrange- 
ment: 1, ordo, inis, m. (due arrange- 
ment; cf. Cic. Off. 1,40): fo reduce from 
disorder to r., ex inordinato in ordinem 
adducere, Cic. Tim. 3: the 7. and me- 
thodical arrangement of all things which 
are done, o. et modus omnium quae 
fiunt, id. Off. 1, 5,14: the disturbance 
of method and r., perturbatio rationis 
atque o., id. Par. 3, ad fin. 2. modé- 
ratio: the r. of rhythm and scansion, m. 
nhumerorum et pedum, Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 
254. 3. symmetria (cvpmertpia, for 
which acc. to Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 65, there 
exists ce Latin equiv.): without r. and 
2 


REHEARSAL 


REIGN 








proportion, sine s. et proportione, Vitr. 
3, I, 1: in the same pass. (q. v.) he uses 
commodulatio: v. SYMMETRY, PROPOR- 
TION. Phr.: harmony and r., congru- 
entia aequalitasque, Plin. Ep. 2, 5, ad 
Jjin.: shapeliness and r. of limb, com- 
moditas aequitasque membrorum, Suet. 
Aug. 79, ad fin.: a polished r. of periods, 
ornata sententiarum concinnitas, Cic. 
Brut. 95, 325. _—‘ |]. EHvenness, unbroken 
succession : 1. constantia: the mar- 
vellous r. (of the heavenly bodies) which 
surpasses belief, admirabilis incredi- 
bilisque c., Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55: to pre- 
serve 7. and order in one’s actions. con- 
servare c., ordinem, in factis, id. Off. 1, 4, 


14. Q. aequabilitas: v. UNIFORMITY, 
regulate : |. To set in order, 
adjust : 1. ordino, 1: when all 


things were being r.d, appointed and 
prepared, cum omnia ordinarentur, in- 
stituerentur, pararentur, Cic. Sull. 19, 
53: he corrected and7.d a most disor- 
derly custom, confusissimum morem cor- 
rexit ordinavitque, Suet. Aug. 44, intt.: 
the Gods have so r.d the fates, ita dii 
fata ordinaverunt, Curt. 4, 14, 20. OF 
compono, posui, pésitum, 3: J had so 
r.d my journeys as to be at Puteoli on 
the Nones, ego itinera sic composueram 
ut Nonis Puteolis essem, Cic. Att. 15, 
26: the works of the water-clocks are 
thus r.d, ita componuntur horologiorum 
collocationes, Vitr. 9, 8 (9), 6: v. AR- 
RANGE. 3, dispenso, 1 (to 7. the quan- 
tity): to r. and trim the wick of a 
candle, d. et temperare filum candelae, 
Juv. 3, 287: the sisters who r. the span 
of human life, quae dispensant mortalia 
fila sorores, Ov. H. 12, 3: ill r.d liberty, 
male dispensata libertas, Sen. Ben. 1, 10, 
2. Join: d. et componere, Cic. de Or. 
Ky 31, 142: 4. tempéro, 1: the water 
is so r.d that it fills it, but does not over- 
flow, ita temperatur aqua ut impleat 
nec redundet, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 36: the 
water 7.s its own flow, aqua se temperat 
ad rationem, Vitr. 9, 8, 10: to r. the 
market prices, annonam macelli tem- 
perare, Suet. Tib. 34. 5, mddéro, 1: 
the causes by which the speech is entirely 
rd, causae quibus totis moderatur ora- 
tio, Cic. Or. 16, 51: Dig. Phr.: tor. 
one’s life according to a fixed principle, 
vitam ad certam normam dirigere, Cic. 
Mur. 2, 3: ad regulam quandam exae- 
quare, Sen. Ep. 20, 3: we must so r. our 
actions that..., talis est ordo actionum 
adhibendus ut...., Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144: 
to r. oneself by anybody’s will, se ad 
arbitrium alicujus fingere et accommo- 
dare, id. Or. 8, 24; formare et fingere, 
id. de Or. 3, 45, 177° to 7. one’s trans- 
actions by the times, commetiri cum 
tempore negotium, id. Inv. 1, 26, 39: 
nature so r.ing it, ita modulante natura, 
Plin. 2.54, 55. |, To govern, manage: 
administro, I: V. MANAGE, RULE. 

regulation : |. The act of ar- 
ranging : 1, ordinatio: the r. of our 
mode of life, 0. vitae nostrae, Plin. Ep. 
9, 28: the r. of the comitia, o. comitiorum, 
Vell. 2, 124, 3. 9. institiitio: the r. 
of matters, i. rerum, Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35: 
Vv. ARRANGEMENT. 3, administratio : 
the care and r. of things, curatio et a. 
rerum, Cic. N. D. 1, 12: the x. of water, 
a. aquae, Vitr. 9, 8 (9), 12: v. MANAGE- 
MENT. |], Rule: praeceptum: v. RULE. 

regulator: | One whoregulates: 
ordinator: the 7. of a dispute, o. litis, 
Sen. Ep. 109, 14: /f. -trix, Aug.: more 
freq. expr. by a verb. I]. 4 part of 
a machine which regulates its motions : 
perh. *machinatio ad temperandum, cf. 
Vitr. 9, 8 (9), 6. 

rehabilitate : as a leg. f. ¢. restituo, 
ui. itum, 3 (fo restore: constr. with acc. 
after in, or absol.). Transf.: tora 
man’s character, landem alicujus ab 
infamia vindicare, after Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 
7; infamiam alicujus sarcire: Caes. 
BICI3; 14: 

rehearsal: |. Recital: narratio: 
V. NARRATIVE, |], Previous practice: 
no exact equiv.: the nearest is prolusio 
(a preliminary exercise): Cic. de Or. 2, 
80, 325: or, in a looser sense, exercitatio, 








Quint. Io, 1, 8: v. PREPARATION, and 
foll. art. Phr.: the fury of the Marian 
faction gave as tt were a r. in the city, 
Mariana rabies intra urbem praeluserat 
quasi si experiretur, Flor. 4, 2, 2. 

rehearse: |. Yo relate: narro, 1: 
Vv. NARRATE, REPEAT. ||. Zo practise 
beforehand : praeméditor, I (constr. with 
inf., rel. clause, or abs.) : trying the lyre, 
and r.ing his part, tentans citharam et 
praemeditans, Tac. A. 14,15. (N.B— 
proludo and praeludo denote rather to 
prelude.) Phr.: tor. a play, *meditari, 
instruere fabulam priusquam in scena 
doceatur (Kr.): to r. a concert, *con- 
centum meditari, exercere (Kr.). 

reign (subs.): 1, regnum (sove- 
reignty, royal power): the preceding r. 
had not been very prosperous in one 
respect, proximum r. ab una parte haud 
satis prosperum fuerat, Liv. 1, 32: the 
beginning of the r. of Superbus, initium 
regni Superbi, Cic. Rep. 2, 15. 2 
impérium (supreme power: esp. of an 
emperor): im the seventh month of his 
7., imperii mense septimo, Suet. Galb. 
23: at the outset of his r., in initio 
imperii, id. Dom. 20. —_‘§,_principatus, 
Us (the supremacy of the chief man in 
the state): Nero, throughout his r. the 
enemy of mankind, Nero, toto p. suo 
hostis generis humani, Plin. 7, 8, 6: at 
the beginning of his r., ad, inter, initia 
principatus, Suet. Tib. 7; id. Dom. 3. 

4, ddminatio: v. RULE. 5, The 
best authors avoid the preced. words 
when duration or date of time is spoken 
of, and employ phr.: in the fourth year 
of the r. of Tarquin, quartum jam an 
num regnante l'arquinio, Cic. Rep. 2, 15: 
in the 38th year of his r., duodequad- 
Tagesimo anno ex quo regnare coeperat, 
Liv. 1, 40, init.: in the r. of Ancus, 
Anco regnante, id. I, 34: he is now 
in the 23rd year of his r., jam tertium 
et vicesimum annum regnat, Cic. Manil. 
3,7; of an emperor: in the r. of Tibe- 
rius, Tiberio imperitante, Tac. A. 15, 44. 
Phr.: “the r. of terror,” *d. atrocis- 
sima (Kr.): or perh. better “ tempora 
illa saevitiae,” Juv. 4, 150. 

Teign (v.): 1, regno, 1 (applied 
prop. to kings, and hence often with the 
notion of tyranny ; constr. poet. with 
gen.): when he had rd 37 years, 
cum septem et triginta regnavisset 
annos, Cic. Rep. 2, 10: tor. at Amyclae, 
r. Amyclis, Virg. Aen. 10, 564: to r. 
over Greek towns, Graias r. per urbes, 
id. ib. 3, 295: strangers have r.’d over 
us, advenae in nos regnaverunt, Tac. A. 
II, 24: Omphis r.’d over that district, 
regnabat in ea regione Omphis, Curt. 8, 
12, 4: he began to r., r. occepit, Liv. 1, 49: 
(Daunus) r.’d over rustictribes, agrestium 
regnavit populorum, Hor. Od. 3, 30, 11 
(rare poet. constr.): a@ land over which 
my parent r.s, telus regnata parenti, Ov. 
H. 10,69. Fig.: J live and r., vivo etr., 
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 8: the fire r.s victorious 
among the boughs, ignis victor per ramos 
regnat, Virg. G. 2, 307: money 7.S SUu- 
preme, sola pecunia regnat, poet. Petr. 
er 2, impéro, 1 (prop. but not 
always, of an emperor): he r.’d three 
years, imperavit triennio, Suet. Cal. 59: 
to r. over all Numidia, omni Numidiae 
i., Sall. Jug. 13. Fig.: the passions r., 
animus imperat, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 63. 3. 
impérito, 1 (same as preced.): ten men 
r.d, decem imperitabant, Liv. 1, 17: 
Tac. 4 déminor, 1 (to be supreme, 
to domineer): he shall r. over conquered 
Argos, Victis dominabitur Argis, Virg. 
Aen 1,285: to r. over one’s enemies, d. 
in adversarios, Liv. 3, 53. Fig.: the 
plague r.s in the great city, pestis mag- 
nae dominatur in moenibus urbis, Ov. 
M. 7, 553: chance r.s over 2verything, 
fortuna in omni re dominatur, Sall. Cat. 
8, ad init.: where lust r.s there ts slight 
protection for innocence, ubi libido do- 
minatur fnnocentiae leve praesidium 
est, Crassus in Cic. Or. 65, 21g: V. RULE. 
Phr.: (i) Lit.: to r, summae rerum 
praeesse, Liv. 1, 17: Tegna, sceptra 
tenere, Lucr. 5, 1126; Virg. Aen. I, §9: 
of an emperor, purpuram sumere, Eutr. 


REIGNING 


REJECT 


REJOICE 


ee ee ee ee 
9, 21: he r.’d alone, solus regnum ob- ] rein (v.): fréno,1: v. BRIDLE, cuecK, ! to r. both plans, utrumque i. consilium, 


tinuit, Sall. Jug. 5, ad fin.: they who 


have r.d, ii qui dominatum imperio | 


tenuerunt, Nep. de Reg. 1,2: they who 
r.’d after his death, ii qui post obitum 
ejus imperia ceperunt, id. ib. 3,1: Galha 
r.ing shortly after, alba mox rempub- 


licam tenente, Suet. Tit. 5: four kings | 


r.’d over these districts, quibus regioni- 
bus quatuor praeerant reges, Caes. B. (7. 
5,22: he beyins to r. over the country, 
sceptra loci capit, Ov. M. 6,677: to r. 
over the lands, terras ditione tenere, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 236: a nation r.ing far 
and wide, populum late regem, id. ib. 1, 
21. (ii) Fig.: when the solemn still- 
ness of night r.s all around, severa 
silentia noctis undique cum constent, 
Luer. 4, 458° the indifference to the 
Gods which now rs, negligentia deim 
quae nunc tenet seculum, Liv. 3, 20: v. 
PREVAIL. 

reigning (part. and adj.): the r. 
family, domus regnatrix, Tac. A. 1, 4: 
vy. preced. art. 

reimburse: répendo, di, sum, 3: v. 
REPAY. 

reimbursement: expr. by vb.: v. 
REPAYMENT. 

rein (subs.): 1, babéna (the usu. 
word, both lit. and fig.): to tale the r.s, 
manibus datas contingere h., Ov. M. 2, 
151: to manage the r.s, manibus moliri 
h., Virg. Aen. 12, 327: to turn the r.s, 
h. detorquere, id. ib. 11, 7653 flectere, 
Ov. M. 2, 169: to shorten the 7s, colli- 
gere h., Virg. Aen. 11, 670: to tighten 
the r.s, h. premere, id. ib. 1, 633 sup- 
primere, Ov. M. 6, Jog: to pull in the 
rs of a horse, equum habenis com- 
pescere, Tib. 1, 4, 11: to slacken the 
r.s, laxas dare, Virg. Aen. 1, 63: the 
horse feels the 7.s slack, concessas sensit 
equus habenas, Ov. Am. 3, 4, 15: to 
snake the r.s, excutere h., id. M. 5, 404: 
to give the r.s, immittere h. (alicui), Virg. 
Aen. 6, 1: to give full r. to, manibus 
omnes effundere h., id. ib. 5, 818; 
effusas permittere b., Tib. 4, 1, 92: to 
Struggle against a tight r., pressis pug- 
nare h., Virg. Aen. 11, 600: nor do the 
horses obey the r., neque audit currus h., 
id. G. 1, extr. Fig.: to take the r.s, 
accipere h., Cic. Rep. 1,5: to assume the 
r.s of power, subire habenas, Stat. Silv. 4, 
3, 130: to take the r.s of a nation, acci- 
pere bh. populi, Ov. M. 15, 481: to re- 
linquish the 7.s of government, rerum 
relinquere h., Virg. Aen. 7, 600: whom 
the people had entrusted with the power 
of ruling them and, as it were, the r.s, 
cui populus regendi sui potestatem quasi 
quasdam h. tradidisset, Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 
226: tohold the 1.s of friendship as loose 
as possible, h. quam laxissimas habere 
amicitiae, id. Am. 13, 45: to tighten, 
slacken the r.s, bh. adducere, remittere, id. 
ib.: to loosen the r.s of the government, 
Teipublicae bh, laxare, Eutr. 9, 8 to give 
full r. to one’s passions, irarum omnes 
effundere h., Virg. Aen. 12, 499: to give 

r. to the rivers, fluminibus totas 

immittere h., Ov. M. 1, 280° the power- 
ful rs of law, validae legum h., poet. 
in Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 166. 2, lorum 
(a leathern thong): to hold the r.s, lora 
tenere, Juv. 1, 61: to give the r., lora 
are, Virg. G. 3, 1073; remittere, Ov. M. 
2, 100: to pull the left r., tendere 1. 
sinistra, id. Am. 3, 2,72 broken r.s, 1. 
abrupta, id. M. 2, 315: to lead their 
horses by the r., loris ducere equos, Liv. 
35, 34: ply the rs more vigorously, 
fortius utere loris, Ov. M. 2, 127. 3: 
frénum (pl. fréna and fréni; the latter 
form is most usn. in prose: a bridle, 
bit: hence fig. means of guiding, r.s): 
the r.s of dominion, rerum freni, Sil. 
I, 240: to take, hold the r.s of power, 
frena imperii capere, tenere, Ov. Pont. 4, 
13, 27; Tr. 2, 42: to give the rs toa 
headstrong creature, dare frenos impo- 
tenti naturae, Liv. 34, 2, ad fin.: v. 
BRIDLE. 4, rétinactilum (only in pl.: 
rare)~ the charioteer vainly pulling in 
the r.s, frustra r. tendens auriga, Virg. 
G. x» 513. §, corrigia, Edict. Biocl. 
p. 2 


| and preced. art. 

reindeer: perb. réno (rhéno) dnis: 
Caes. B. G. 6, 21, ad Jfin.: or tarandus: 
Plin. 8, 34, 52 *cervus T., Linn.: in 
mod, Latin, and as the sign in the 
heavens, *rungifer. 

reinforce: expr. by various phr.: 
firmare subsidiis, Liv. 9, 17, ad fin. ; 
copiis, Auct. B. Afr. 13: to r. oneself, 
novis copiis se firmare, Tac. A. 2, 65, 
extr.; renovare, Cic. Mur. 15, extr. ; 
auxiliis confirmare, Caes. B. C. 1, 29 
or confirmare manum suam, Cic. Manil. 
9, 24: to r. any one with one’s whole 
strength, omnilus cupiis auxilio venire 
alicui, Caes. B. G. 2, 2g: the army was 
r.daguin and again, exercitus identidem 
incremento renovabatur, Curt. 5, 1, 39: 
they were r.d, augebantur illis copiae, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 45. 

reinforcement : 1, supplémen- 
tum (recruits, men to fill up the ranks): 
to send young men as a r. for the fleet, 
in s. classis juventutem dare, Liv. 28, 
37: to enlist r.s for the legions, s. \le- 
gionibus scribere, Cic. Fam. 3, 3,1. 2, 
subsidium (reserve, relief): to send r.s 
Jrom the wings, s. a lateribus sub- 
mittere, Caes. B. C. 1, 45: to bring upa 
r. of fresh troops, integros subsidio ad- 
ducere id. B. G. 9, 87. 3, auxilinm 
(help, uid): the r. of cavalry which they 
had seit to Caesar, equitatus quem 
auxilio Caesari miserant, Caes. B. G. 1, 
18, ad fin. 4, Expr. by novae copiae 
(Jresh troops): Tac. A. 2, 65, extr.; 
Caes. Phr.: rs of fresh troops came 
to the relief of the exhausted, integri 
milites succedere defessis, Caes. B. G. 
1 41. 

reins ( ts rénes, m. pl. (gen. once 
renium in Pl.): v. KIDNEY: adj.: ré- 
nalis: Coel. Aur. 

reinstate: restituo, ui, itum, 3: 
V. RESTORE. 

reinstatement: restititio: v. RE- 
STORATION. 

reinvest; récdlo, cdlui, cnltum, 3: 
to r. the young men with hereditary 
priestly dignity, r. adolescentulos pater- 
nis sacerdotiis, Tac. H. 1, 77. 


| reinvigorate: réficio, féci, fectum, 


| 3: V. REFRESH. Phr.: r. our cold hearts 
Jor the war, pectora bello exanimata 
reple, Stat. Th. 4, 760. 
reiterate: itero, 1: v. REPEAT. 
hr.: to r. an argument, argumentum 
etiam atque etiam premere, Cic. Tusc. 
I, 36, 88. 
reiteration: \tératio: v. REPETITION, 
reject: 1. rejicio, jéci, jectum, ; 
(to cast off: constr. usu. with a@ or ab 
and refl. pron.): to 7. anything, aliquid 
a se r., Cic. de Or. 3, §2, 204: to choose 
the good and r. the opposite, bona de- 
ligere et r. contraria, id. Leg. 1, 23, 60 
to r. the remaining kinds of divination, 
reliqua divinationis genera r., id. Div. 1, 
3, 5: lo r. (i. e. challenge) judges, r. 
judices, id. Plane. 17, 41: to 7. a 1 ooer, 
r. petentem, Ov. M. 9, 513: to contemn 
or r. the Medea of Ennius, spernere aut 
r. Ennii Medeam, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4. 9. 
répudio, 1 (to put away from one, dis- 
duin): to + a match, r. conditionem, 
Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 54: to r. an inheritance, 
r. hereditatem, Papin. Dig. 37, 77, § 31: 
to r. prayers and entreaties, r. vota et 
preces, Cic. Clu. 70, 201: suppliant 
nobility has never been r.’d, Dunquam 
nobilitas supplex repudiata fuit, id. 
Plane. 20, 50. 3. respuo, ui, 3 (to 
spit out: a very strong expr.): to r. 
the terms, conditionem r., Caes. B. G. 1, 
42: 17. that which you are not, respue 
quod non es, Pers. 4, 51: what the ears 
r. must be changed, quod aures respuant, 
immutandum est, Cic. Part, Or. 5, 15. 
4, aspernor, 1 (to spurn, kick away: 
often joined to the preced.): the taste 
r.s and refuses that which is excessively 
Sv eet, gustatus id qnod valde dulce est 
aspernatur ac respuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 
99: Fat. 20, 47. 5, sperno, sprévi, 
sprétum, 3: 7. common food, sperne 
vilem cibum, Hor. S. 2, 2, 15: v. DESPISE, 
SCORN. 6, improdbo, 1 (to disapprove): 





Caes. B. C. 2, 31, init.: these tenets are 
r.’d by the Peripatetics, baec improban- 
tur a Peripateticis, Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: 
to give the pou er of approving or r.ing, 
potestatem probundi ique permittere, 
id. Verr. 3, 76, 175. 7. reprdbo, 1 
(syn. with preced.): what nature chooses 
or r.s, quod natura asciscat et reprobet, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23. 8. répello, répili 
(repp.), pulsum, 3 (mustly in poet.) = r.’d 
sudttors, repulsi proci, Ov. M. 13,735 to 
r. our alliance, r. connubia nostra, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 214: tor. the emblem of royulty, 
insigne regium r., Vell. 2, 54, 4. 9. 
explodo, si, sum, 3 (to hiss off) : common 
life has already r.'d this, hoc vita Jam 
communis ¢xplosit, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86. 
Join: explosus ejectusque, id. Fin. 5, 
8, 23. 10, éjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: not 
tor. acquired sicilfulmess, artificium non 
e., Cic. de Or. 1, 32, 146: a r.’d (unsuce 
cessful) man, ejectus homo, id. Quint. 
19, 62. ll. aversor, 1 (to turn away 
Jrom) : tor. ome’s prayers, a. preces, Liv, 
3, 12: to r. an afflicted friend, afflic- 
tum a. amicum, Ov. Pont. 2, 3,5. 12, 
Té& Tiso, I: Vv. REFUSE. 138, abdico, 1: 
freq. in Plin.: e. g. 23, 1,13. Phr.: to 
r. gifts, dona relegare, Cic. Rep. 3, 28: 
to r. on oath the jurisdiction of a court, 
forum iniquum sibi ejurare, id. Verr. 3, 
60, 137: a marriaye that ought to be 
r.’d, repudiosae nuptiae, Pl. Pers. 3, 1, 
56: to r. what they do not understand, 
damnare quae non intelligunt, Quint. 10, 
I, 26: he r.d divination altogether, 
divinationem funditus sustulit, Cic. Div. 
I, 3, 5: to r. the doctrine of the immor- 
tality of the soul, sententiam de ani- 
morum immortalitate non probare, id. 
Tusc. ¥, 32, 79: the opinion of neither 
is to be wholly 7.’d, neutrorum omnino 
contemnenda sententia, id. Off. 1, 21, 
yo. N.B.—Cic. translates aromponyueva 
(things which ougit to be r.'d) variously, 
rejicienda, Fin. 5, 26, 78; rejectanea, jb. 
4, 26, 723; rejecta, remota, ib. 3,15, 52: 
recusabilis occurs in Tert. 
rejection: 1, rejectio; the r. of 
judyes, r. judicum, Cic, Plane. 15, 36: 
the r. of citizenship, r. civitatis, id. Balb. 
12, 29: the r. of learned men, r. eru- 
ditorum, Plin. H. N. praef. § 7. 2. 
répudiatio: the r. of suppliants, r. sup- 
plicum, Cic. Mur. 4,9. 3, aspernatio: 
V. CONTEMPT, DISDAIN. 4, répulsa 
(of a candidate for office) the mortifica- 
tum of r., dolor repulsae, Caes. B. C, 
1, 4° Cic. 5. réprobatio: Tert. 6. 
détractus, is: the r. of a syllable, d. 
syllabae, Sen. Suas. 7, ad fin. 7, more 
ireq. expr. by a verb: there is sufficient 
cause for their r., satis habent causae 
quamobrem rejiciantur, Cic Fin. 3, 15, 
51. 
rejoice: A, Trans:  ], lae- 
tifico, 1 (to gladden): the sun rs the 
earth, sol laetiticat terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 
40, 102. 2. exhiliro, 1: our joys r. 
the gods themselves, exhilarant ipsos 
gaudia nostra deos, Mart. 8, 50, 6: Cic. 
3. delecto, 1: Vv. DELIGHT. 4. 
expr. more freq. by phr.: afficere ali- 
quem laetitia, Caes. B. G. 5, 48; gaudio, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 70; laetitiam dare alicui, 
id. Planc. 42, 103: the victory r.d the 
Athenians, victoria fuit Atticis laetitiae, 
Nep. Timoth. 2, 2: to r. any one’s heart 
greatly, animum alicujus gaudio explere, 
Ter. Andr. 2, 2,2. the comitia have r.d 
me exceedingly, comitia me laetitia ex- 
tulerunt, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, I. B, In- 
trans.: ], gaudeo, gavisus sum, 2 
(to be glad: esp. of staid, internal joy, 
while laetor denotes its outward expres- 
sion: constr. with acc, and injin., infin., 
quod, the abl., or absol.: less freq. with 
the acc., of neut. pron.: rarely with de, 
or depend. clause alter quum, quia, si: 
poet. with part.): J r. that you have 
arrived safely, te salvum venisse gaudeo, 
Cic. Att. 5, 21, init.: she r.s to be taught 
the Ionian dances, motus doceri gandet 
lomicos, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 21: Ir. infinitely 
that you inform me in your letter that 
you are loved more and more by Caesar 
every day, quod scribis te a Coomre quo- 
3 


REJOIN 


RELATE 


RELATION 





tidie plus diligi immortaliter gaudeo, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 3, 1,3. $y: to r. in this depart- 
ment of Ienowledge, hoc scientiae genere 
g., id. Off. 3, 33,121: now I r. at that, 
jam id gaudeo, Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 25: Z 
know that he will heartily r. with me, 
hunce scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia, 
id. ib. 5, 5, 8: to r. secretly, in sinu g., 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 21, 5£3 tacitum secum g., 
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 32: I congratulate you; 
as for myself I r., tibi gratulor, mihi 
gaudeo, Cic. Fam. 6, 15: they 7. im 
writing, gaudent scribentes, Hor. Ep. 2, 


2,107. Fig.: the rock r.s in Phoebus, | 


rupes gaudet Phoebo, Virg. E. 6, 29: 


all garden plants r. in moisture, humore | 


omnia hortensia gaudent, Plin. 19, 8, 39. 

2. pergaudeo, 2 (very rare: to 7. 
greatly): Ir. greatly that you like him, 
eum a te amari p., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3 § 9. 

3, laetor, 1 (to show joy outwardly : 
constr. with abl., accus. ot neut. pron., 
or acc. and injin.): to r. amidst the 
groans of all, 1. in omnium gemitu, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 46, 121: to 7. in good things 
amd grieve at the opposite, 1. bonis rebus 
et dolere contrariis, id. Am. 13, 47: I 
see that I ought to r. at that, illud mihi 
laetandum video, id. Manil. 1, 3. 4. 
exsulto, 1 (to leap for joy, r. exceed- 
ingly; constr. usu. with abl.): to r. 
tn the victory of the nobility, e. victoria 
nobilitatis, id. Rosc. Am. 6,16: to 7. in 
heart, e. animis, Virg. Aen. 11, 491: 
often with laetitia or gaudio, Cic. Clu. 
5, 14; Cat. 1, 10,26. Join: e. et ges- 
tire, id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 5, gestio, 4 
(to throw oneself about in transports of 
joy): tor. with excessive pleasure, volup- 
tate nimia g., Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102: tor. 
tn prosperity, secundis rebus g., Liv. 45, 
19: to r. with joy, laetitia g., Cic. Fin. 
2, 4, 14: to keep those that rv. within 
bounds, gestientes comprimere, id, N. D. 
2, 59, 148. Phr.: to r. in anything, 
percipere laetitiam ex re quapiam, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 44, 197: to r. exceedingly, gau- 
dio compleri, id. Fin. 5, 24,69: tor. with 
incredible joy, incredibili gaudio efferri, 
id. Fam. 10, 12, 2: to r. insolently, inso- 
lenter se efferre, id. Tusc. 4, 17, 39: J 
rd not a little, cepi non mediocrem vo- 
luptatem, Plin. Ep. 3,18, ad init.: the 
populace r.d and was glad, plebs gau- 
dium atque laetitiam agitabat, Sall. Cat. 
48, ad init.: may you long r. in this 
descent, originis hujus gaudia longa 
feras, Juv. 8, 47: Hor. Od. 3, 6, 12: 
y. JOY. 

rejoin: |. Zo put together again: 

récompono, no pf. positum, 3: v. RE- 
UNITE. J, Zo come back to: rédeo, 
ii, itum, 4: V. RETURN. Phr.: Caesar 
r.’d his men, Caesar se ad suos recepit, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 46: he v.’d the banquet, 
se convivio reddidit, Liv. 23, 9, extr. 

II]. Zo reply : respondeo, di, sum, 2: 
v. ANSWER (v.). 

rejoinder: responsum: v, ANSWER 

subs 


: Sandie: 1, réconflo, 1: whence 
feeling might be r.d in every limb, unde 
reconflari sensus per membra posset, 
Lucr. 4, 924. 9, rédaccendo, di, sum, 
3: Tert.: Hier. Phr.: to r. extin- 
guished, slumbering jires, exstinctos, so- 

itos ignes suscitare, Ov. A. A. 3, 597: 
Vire. Aen. 5, 743: to r. flames that 
have sunic low, excitare invalidas flam- 
mas, Lucan 8, 776; tepidos refoveére 
ignes, Ov. Am. 2, 19, 15: studies almost 
quenched are 7.d, studia prope exstincta 
refoventur, Plin. Ep. 3, 18. 

relapse (v.): 1, récido, di, casum, 
3: v. foll. art. Q. rélabor, lapsus, 3 
(to glide insensibly back, only fig.): now 
I r. into the doctrines of Aristippus, 
nunc in Aristippi praecepta relabor, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 18. 3, rémorbesco, 3 
(to become ill again): Enn. in Fest. : 
Vv. FALL BACK, RETURN. 

relapse (subs.): expr. by a phr.: the 
r. of Germanicus, aegritudo quae rur- 
sum Germanico acciderat, Tac. A. 2, 69. 
To have a r., récido, cidi, casum, 3: do 
not call me away from these remedies to 
that crowd, lest I have a r., ab his me 
SAE in istam turbam vocare ne 








recidam, Cic. Att. 12, 21, extr.: Plin.: 
also, in morbum de integro incidere, id. 
Fam. 12, 30, 2: ef. id. Cat. 1, 13, 31: to 
have a more serious r., in graviorem 
morbum recidere, Liv. 24, 29. (N.B.— 
recidiva febris, Cels. 3, 4, means vemit- 
tent, recurring.) 
relate: |. To narrate, recount : 
1. perséquor, ciitus, 3 (to detail, de- 
scribe): to r. the history of Hannibal, p. 
res Hannibalis, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49: to 7. 
in verse, versibus p., id. Sen. 6, 16. 2. 
expono, posui, positum, 3 (to set forth) : 
tor. from the beginning how the affair 
took place, e. ab initio res quemadmo- 
dum gesta sit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 14: to 
vr. a conversation about friendship to 
some one, e. sermonem de amicitia alicui, 
id. Am. 1, 3: I have rd the history of 
the Romans in five books, quae Romani 
gessere quinque libris exposui, Liv. 6, 1: 
Vv. UNFOLD. 8. édisséro, rui, rtum, 3: 
to r. deeds, e. res gestas, Liv. 34, 52: 
Cic. 4. édisserto, 1 (syn. of preced.) : 
nor will I attempt to tell what I shall 
fall short of the truth in ring, neque 
aggrediar narrare quae edissertando mi- 
nora vero fecero, Liv. 22, 54. 5. 
€narro, narro, 1: V. TELL. 6, référo, 
Tétili (rett.), rélatum, 3 (to bring back 
word, report): some chronicles r. that 
there was a battle at Fidenae, ad Fidenas 
pugnatum quidam annales retulere, Liv. 
4, 34: the conversations were r.d to me, 
sermones referebantur ad me, Cic. Fam. 
1/9, 10. 7, trado, didi, ditum, 3 (¢o 
transmit a knowledge of : esp. in con- 
nection with memoriae or memoria) : 
he is r.d to have been the most just of 
all men, omnium justissimus fuisse tra- 
ditur, Cic. Sest. 67, 141: history r.s very 
many such instances, qualia permulta 
historia tradidit, id. Div. 1, 53, 121: 
it is r.d that he fell forwards, traditur 
memoriae prolapsum cecidisse, Liv. 5, 
21, ad fin. 8. prodo, didi, ditum, 
3 (constr. like preced.): he 7.s that his 
bones were secretly buried, memoriae 
prodidit ossa ejus clam sepulta, Nep. 
Them. 10, extr.: two different stories 
are r.d about his death, de interitu ejus 
duplex memoria prodita est, id. Hann. 8, 
2: Cic. 9, commémédro, 1 (to mention, 
speak of: constr. with ace., acc. and 
infin., rel. clause or de): which I would 
describe if I could r. them without pain, 
quae persequerer si c. possem sine dolore, 
Gic. Fam. 5, 13, 3: Caes. B. G. 4, 16. 
10. mémoro, 1 (much rarer than 
preced.): to . his atrocity, m. crudeli- 
tatem, Cic. Verr. 1, 47,122. 11, itéro, 
1 (to recapitulate): to 7+. my doings, 
mea facta i., Pl. Cas. 5,2,5. Phr.: a 
most eloquent man, as they r., homo, ut 
ferebant, in dicendo copiosissimus, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 11, 45: Fabius r.s, Fabius auc- 
tor est (with infin.), Tac. A. 13, 20: 
authorities r. different accounts of his 
death, de morte ejus variant auctores, 
Liv. 27, 27: (the historians) r. that he 
was slain, interfectum eum scriptum reli- 
querunt, Nep. Hann. 8, 2: as the Greeks 
r., ut Graii perhibent, Virg. Aen. 8, 135: 
the matter ts r.d to Caesar, defertur ea 
res ad Caesarem, Caes. B. G. 5, 25: they r. 
their toils in talk, relegunt suos sermone 
labores, Ov. M. 4, 570: to r. in order the 
remaining uses, reliquos usus digerere, 
Plin. 29, 2, Io. [|. Ze concern : ile 
attinet, tinuit, 2 (used mostly impers. 
with ad): so far as 7.s to myself, quod 
ad me attinet, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: to 
what am I to say this dream r.s ? quam 
ad rem dicam hoc attinere somnium? 
Pl. Rud. 3, 1, 19: sometimes there is an 
ellipsis : whether it was or was not, this 
does not r.to the matter in hand, sive 
fuit, sive non fuit, nihil ad rem (se. atti- 
net), Cic. Leg. 2, 6, 15. 2. pertinet, 
tinuit, 2 (like preced.: to belong): the 
dream 1.5 to something, somnium ad ali- 
quam rem pertinet, Pl. Merc. 2, 1, 28: 
it r.s rather to us, quod magis ad nos p., 
Hor. S. 2, 6, 73: Vv. BELONG. 8. at- 
tingo, tigi, tactum, 3 (to appertain): 
which in no way r. to the matter, quae 
nihil attingunt ad rem, Pl. Merc.t, 1, 
32: the first point r.s to human nature, 








primus ille locus naturam attingit bu- 
manam, Cic. Off. 1,6,18. 4, contingo, 
tigi, tactum, 3: this deliberation in no 
respect r.s to the Romans, haec consul- 
tatio Romanos nihil contigit, Liv. 34, 22, 
ad fin. 5. specto, 1 (to tend): that 
which r.s and contributes to a good life, 
quod spectet valeatque ad bene viven- 
dum, Cic. Off. 2, 2, 6: v. TEND. 
related (adj.):—N.B. The foll. are 
also used subst. to denote a relative. 
A. Lit.: 1. propinquus (near: 
a gen. t., opp. to longinquus or alienus): 
nearly r.to you, tibi genere p., Sall. Jug. 
Io: the societ) of near r.s, societas pro- 
pinquorum, Cic. Off. 1,17, 53. Join: 
p. cognatique, id. Rosc. Am. 34,96. 2. 
propior (used as comp. of preced.): to 
whom nobody is more nearly r. than 
Quintius, quibus propior Quintio nemo 
est, Cic. Quint. 31,97: more nearly r. 
by blood, gradu p. sanguinis, Ov. H. 3, 
28. 3, proximus (superl.): he is most 
nearly r. to him, hic ili genere est p., 
Ter, Ad. 4, 5,17: most closely r., p. cog- 
natione, Lex in Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 1445 pro- 
pinquitate, Nep. Ages. 1, 3: they are 
unjust towards their nearest r.s, inju- 
riosi sunt in proximos, Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44. 
4, cognatus (7. by birth): he was r. to 
me, is mihi c. fuit, Ter. Andr. 5, 4, 23: 
kinsmen and r.s by birth agreeing very 
well together, propinqui c.que optime 
congruentes, Cic. Rosc. Am. 34,96. §, 
agnatus (7. on the father’s side: v. Dict. 
Ant. 309): a. gentilesque, Lex in Cic. 
Inv. 2, 50, 148. 6, affinis (r. by mar- 
riage): you have repudiated your r. by 
marriage, my daughter, tua. tuam,meam 
filiam, repulisti, Cic. post Red. 7, 17: to 
regard as 7.8, in affinium loco ducere, 
Sall. Jug. 14, ad init. 7, nécessarius 
(connected by a bond; hence variously 
applied to friends and r.s): a near r., 
propinqua et n., Cic. Mur. 35, 73: rs 
by blood, n. et consanguinei, Caes. B. G. 
I,tr. §, consangnineus (r. by blood) : 
unth what ancestors and r.s, quibus ma- 
joribus, quibus c., Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35. 
9, gentilis (7. by bearing the same 
name): your r. by name, Brutus, tuus 
g., Brute, Cic. Brut. 28,109: Liv. Phr.: 
blood r.s, sanguine conjuncti, Cic. Inv. 
2, 53, 161: to be r. to any one on the 
mother's side, alicui materno a sanguine 
jungi, Ov. M. 2, 368: to be r. both by 
birth and marriage, et genere inter se 
conjunctos esse et affinitate, Eutr. 8, 10: 
to be most nearly r. to any one, contin- 
gere aliquem artissimo gradu, Suet. Aug. 
4: to be in no degree r. to the family of 
Caesar, nullo gradu contingere Caesaris 
domum, Suet. Galb.2. B, Fig.: 1, 
proépinquus: emotions nearly x. to these 
passions of the soul, motus finitimi et p- 
bis animi perturbationibus, Cic. de Or. 
2, 44, 185: ar. meaning, p. significatio, 
Gell. 6, 16, ad fin.: the comp. is pro- 
pior: more nearly r. in mind, mente p., 
Oy. M. 2, 369: v. NEAR. Q, finitimus 
(neighbouring, adjoining): a poet ts 
nearly +. to an orator, poeta f. oratori, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 16,70: audacity which is 
nearly r. to confidence, audacia quae 
fiduciae f. est, id. Inv. 2, 54,165. Join: 
propinquus et f., id. ib.. vicinus et f., 
id. Or. 32,113. 3, cognatus (/Kisdred) : 
nothing is so closely r. to our minds as 
rhythm and speech, nibil est tam c. 
mentibus nostris quam numeri et voces, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 51,197: V.COGNATE. 4, 
consanguineus: husbandry, which is 
closely allied and as it were r. to wis- 
dom, res rustica quae proxima et quasi 
c. sapientiae est, Col. 1, praef_§ 4: Sleep, 
the r. (brother) of Death, c. Leti Sopor, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 278. Phr.: all the arts 
are as it were r. to each other, omnes 
artes quasi cognatione quadam inter se 
continentur, Cic, Arch. 1, 2: the soul is 
r. to the Gods, animus tenetur cogna- 
tione Deorum, id. Div. 1, 30, 64: the 
human mind feels it is r. to the divine, 
mens humana conjunctam cum divina 
mente se sentit, id. Tusc. 5, 25, Jo. 
relater: narrator: v. NARRATOR, 
relation: |. Narrative: narratio: 
V. NARRATIVE, TALE. {|. Xirsman: 





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RELATIONSHIP 


RELAXED 





VY RELATED, RELATIVE (subs.). 1b. 
Connection, relative position : 4 
ratio: having entered into an intimate 
r. with tne Icing, magna r. cum rege con- 
tracta, Cic. Sull. 20, 56: Vv. KEFERENCE, 


RESPECT. 2, cognatio: v. RELATION- 
sup, (B). 3. conjunctio: v. CON- 
NECTION. Phr.: those who have no r.s 
with the people, qui nibil cum populo 
contrahunt, Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 105: Vv. IN- 
TERCOURSE, TERMS. 
relationship: A. Lit.: 1, pro- 
pinquitas: close r., p. arcta, Plin. Ep. 4, 
4: noble r., nobilis p., Nep. Dion 1, 2: 
united by the bonds of 7., vinculis pro- 
pinquitatis conjuuctus, Cic. Plane. 11, 
27. 2, proximitas (very near r.): the 
one relies upon the will, the other upon 
his very close 7., bic testamento, ille 
proximitate nititur, Quint. 3, 6,95: Ov. 
3. cognatio (r. by birth): a cousin 
ty r., cognatione patruelis, Cic. Fin. 5, 
1,1: to stand in close r. to any one, pro- 
inqua cognatione aliquem attingere, id. 
err. 2, Io, 27; cum aliquo conjunctam 
esse, Nep. praef. 7: degrees of r., gradus 
cognationis, Just. Inst. 3, 6, «1: 7, in 
an ascending or descending line, c. su- 
perior, inferior, id. ib. 3, 6, init.: colla- 
teral r., c. ex transverso, id. ib. 4. 
agnatio (r. on the father’s side): the 
right of . is established by adoption 
also, per adoptionem quoque agnationis 
jus consistit, Just. Inst. 3, 2, 2: Cie. 
5, affinitas (r. by marriage): to 
unite oneself with any one through a 
marriage r., affinitate se devincire cum 
aliquo, Cic. Brut. 26, 98: to enter into r. 
with any one, a, jungere, Liv. 1, 1, ad 
med.; contrahere, Vell. 2, 44, 3; inter 
se astringere, Pl. Trin. 3, 2, 733 in affi- 
nitatem pervenire, Nep. Att. 19, 2: to be 
connected with any one by the bonds of | 
r., per ar connexam esse alicui, Tac. A. 
6, 36. G. nécessitiido, inis, f. (any 
bond of connection, whether friendship 
or r.): the ties of r., necessitudinis 
causae, Cic. Planc. 11, 27: ther. of chil- 
dren, liberorum necessitudines, id. Fam. 
03,10, Ts 7, nécessitas (syn. of pre- 
ced.) : Cic. Rosc. Am. 24,66. 8. con- 
sanguinitas (blood r.): nearly connected 
by r., consanguinitate propinquus, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 86. 9. gentilitas (7. by bear- 
ing the same gentile name) : the rights of 
race and r., stirpis et gentilitatis jura, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 176. 10. conjunctio 
(connection): the r. of brothers, fratrum 
c., Cic, Off. 1, 17, 54: of marriage, id. Fam. 
I, 7, 11. Join: necessitudo et c., id. 
Phil. 13, 5, 11. 11, germanitas (prop. 
brotherhood : hence, r. of kindred races ; 
rare): owiny to that r. they had a bro- 
affection for them, ab ea germani- 
tate fraternam sibi cum iis caritatem 
esse, Liv. 37, 56. Phr.: to be far re- 
moved in point of r., longissimo gradu 
esse, Just. Inst. 3, 6, 11: to be connected 
with any one by blood r., alicui sanguine 
cobaerere, Auct. in Quint. 8, 3,75. 3B, 
Fig.: 1, cognatio: the natural r. of 
things that are far apart, distantium 
rerum naturalis c., Cic. Div. 2, 14, 34: 
the r. of studies and arts, c. studiorum 
et artium, id. Verr. 4, 37, 81: all the 
arts have a common bond, and are con- 
nected by r., omnes artes habent quod- 
dam vinculum et quasi cognatione inter 
se continentur, id Arch. 1, 2: to have a 
connection or r., babere aliquam neces- 
situdinem aut c., id. Or. 56, 186. a 
affinitus (union, connection): the r. of 
men’s bodies and minds, a. corporibus 
bominum mentibusque, Gell. 4,13: Quint. 
8, vicinitas (near likeness): the close | 
r. of arts and studies, artium studio- 
Tumque quasi finitima v., Cic. Brut. 42, 
156: V. RESEMBLANCE. 4, conjunctio: 
V. CONNECTION. 
relative (subs.): v. RELATED. The 
pl., 7.8, may be also expr. collect. by the 
abstr. words denoting relationship: when 
all your r.s ave carried in a waggon, 
quum tibi tota cognatio sarraco vehatur, 
Cic. fragm. in Quint. 8, 3, 21: Caes.: in 
regard to his 7.8, respectu suarum ne- 
cessitudinum, Tac. H. 3, 59, ad fin.: the 
r.s who bore his name renounced the 





name of Manlius, gentilitas ejus Manlti 
cognomen ejuravit, Aur. Vict. vir. ill. 
24: Varr. 

relative (adj.): no exact equiv. : 
we feel this to be am absolute, not ar. 
good, hoc ipsum bonum non accessione 
neque crescendo aut cum ceteris com- 
parando sed propria vi sia sentimus 
bonum, Cic. Fin. 3, 10, 34: (he sweetness 
of honey is felt to be absolute, not r., 
proprio genere saporis non comparatione 
cum aliis mel dulce esse sentitur, id. ib. : 
cf. id, Inv. 2, 33, 102, and foll. art. As 
gram, ¢, ¢. relativus: @ 7. pronoun, r. 
pronomen, Prisc. p. 1063 P. 

relatively: 1. comparaté: either 
absolutely or r., aut simpliciter aut c., 
Cie. Top. 22, 84. 2. expr. by phr.: 
they maintain that one noun is used ab- 
solutely, the other r., illud nomen sim- 
pliciter positum, hoc ad aliquid esse 
contendunt, Quint. 1, 6, 13: not abso- 
lutely, but 7., non simpliciter sed ex 
comparatione, Cic. Or. Part. 28, 98: 7. to 
the other legions, collatione reliquarum 
(legionum), Hirt. B.G. 8,8: (cf. Nagelsb. 
Stilist. p. 214). 

relax: A. Act.: 1, rémitto, 
misi, missum, 3: to r. the reins, habenas 
r., Cic. Am. 13, 45: V.SLACKEN. Fig.: to 
r. their former efforts, r. superioris tem- 
poris contentionem, Caes. B. C. 2, 14, ad 
fin.: pleasure r.s rather than stimulates 
thought, remittit potius voluptas cogita- 
tiones quam intendit, Quint. 10, 3, 245 
Cie. 2, rélaxo, 1: tor. their labours, 
r. labores, Curt. 5, 13, 5: to r. one’s 
avarice, r. avaritiam, Sen. Ep. 94, 23: 
whatever Ihave made stringent he 1.8, 
quicquid ego astrinxi relaxat, Cic. Att. 
Io, 6. 3. laxo, 1 (less freq. than 
preced.): to r. the bowels, 1. intestina, 
Plin. 8, 36,54. Fig.: tor. their labours 
somewhat, sibi aliquid laboris L., Liv. 9, 
16, ad fin. 4, résolvo, vi, sdlutum, 3: 
the body being r.’d (in sleep), resoluto 
corpore, Ov. M. 7, 328. Fig.: to 7. dis- 
cipline, r. disciplinam, Tac. H. 1, 51. 

5, rétendo, di, sum or tum, 3: tor. 

the bow, r. arcum, Ov. M. 2, 419: Fig.: 
Quint. 1, 3,8: v. UNBEND. Phr.: tor. 
the bowels, mollire alvum, Plin. 20, 5, 
20; solvere, Cels. 1, 3, ad med.: tf the 
body ; if the stomach is r.’d, si corpus 
profiuit; si venter fluit, id. 3, 6, ad fin.: 
a r.'d stomach, liquida alvus, id. 4, 19 
B. Neut.: 1. rélanguesco, gui, 3 
(to grow languid): there is no reason 
why thetr diligence should 7., non est 
cur eorum languescat industria, Cic. 
Or. 2,6: he says that he has r.'d in his 
enmity, se relanguisse dicit, id. Att. 13, 
41: that the impetuosity of the king 
may r., ut regis impetus relanguescat, 
Liv. 35,45. Join: r. et remitti, Caes. 
B.G.2,15. Q, rélaxo,1: pain allows 
pauses, and r.s, dolor dat intervalla et 
relaxat, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94: also re/lect. : 
men, if only they ave men, sometimes 7, 
homines, si modo homines sunt, inter- 
dum animis relaxantur, id. Phil. 2, 16, 
39. 3, expr. by the pass. of rémitto, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 14, ad init. : also, remit- 
tere se, Cels. 4, 24, ad fin.: Ov.: v. 
ABATE. Phr.: the severity of the 
weather r.ing., caeli mitescente saevitia, 
Curt. 8, 4, 13. 

relaxation: 1, rémissio: times 
of business and of r., tempora curarum 
et remissionum, Tac. Agr. 9: to conde- 
scend to every sort of r., ad omnem 
animi r. descendere, Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22: 
in a bad sense, id. Fam. 5, 2, 9: V. 
ENERVATION. Q, rélaxatio: vo! appli- 
cation of the mind, but r., non contentio 
animi sed r., Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 22. 3: 
laxamentum: r. of the stomach, 1. ven- 
tris, Macr. S.7, 11. Fig.: 7. from war, 
1. belli, Liv. 9, 41, ad med.: having had 
a little r., pusillum laxamenti nactus, 
Cic. Fam. 12, 16,3. 4, avdcimentum 
(that which calls off from business : 
rare): Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 1: ¥. DIVERSION, 
RECREATION. 5, As a medic, t. t., re- 
solutio ventris, Cels. 2,6; profusio alvi, 
id. 2, 7: V. DIARRHOEA, FLUX. 

relaxed (part. and adj.): rémissus : 
V. LAX, LANGUID. 





RELIEF 





relaxing: rémissivus, Coel. Aur.: 
V. PURGATIVE. Fig.: fluidus: r. heat, 
f. calor, Ov. M. 15, 362: v. ENFEERLING. 

relay; perb. cursus publici, posts or 
r.s for the conveyance of news, under the 
emperors, Cod. Just. 12, 51: 80, being 
carried by short r.s, vectus mutatione 
celeri cursus publici, Amm., 21, 9, 4: or 
by phbr.: he arrived by r.s on the third 
day at Pella, per dispositos equos die 
tertio Pellam pervenit, Liv. 37, 7: to 
place 7.8 of vehicles along the roads at a 
moderate distance apart, modicis inter- 
vallis per militares vias vehicula dis- 
ponere, Suet. Aug. 49 (R. and A.): he 
had fled Jar away by r.s of horses, i\lum 
equos subinde mutantem longius fuga 
abstulerat, Curt. 3, 11, 26: r.s of horses, 
*recentes et integri equi per viam dis- 
positi (Kr.). 

release (v.): 1, exsolvo, vi, séli- 
tum, 3: lo r. any one from debt, e. ali- 
quem aere alieno, Liv. 6, 14, ad fin.: lo 
r.minds from the bonds of superstition, 
e. animos religionum nodis, Lucr. 1,932: 
Uf I shall get relaxation fiom my busi- 
ness (for Ido not ask to be wholly rd 
Jrom it), ocenpationibus meis si me re- 
laxavero, nam ut plane exsolvam non 
postulo, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 5. 2. solvo, 
vi, sdlitum, 3 (rather less strong than 
preced.): to 7. any one from care and 
business, aliquem cura et negotio 8, 
Cic. Rep. 1,18: to r. one’s native land 
from fear, s. patriam metu, Prop. 4, 6, 
41: tor. the state from religious obliga- 
tion, religione civitatem s., Cic, Caecin. 
34, 98. 3. résolvo, vi, sélitum, 3 (to 
unloose: esp. poet.): to r. a virgin 
From chains, r. virginem catenis, Ov. M. 
4, 738: no expiations shall r. you, te 
nulla piacula resolvent, Hor. Od. 1, 28, 
34. 4, libéro, 1: tor. slaves, |. servos, 
Caes. B.C. 3, 9: to r. from a danger, 
1. periculo, id. ib. 3, 83: to r. oneself 
From obligations to Venus, lL. se a Venere, 
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 55: to r. oneself 
From disagreeable circumstances by a 
payment, |. se pecunia ex incommodis, 
id. Verr. 5, 9, 23: also with gen.: to be 
r.d from a vow, liberari voti, Liv. 5. 28, 
ad init. : V. DELIVER, FREE. 5, laxo, 
1 (to loosen, relax): to r. from the 
thraldom of lust, libidinum vinculis 1., 
Cic. Sen. 3, 7: 7.d from the body, cor- 
pore laxati, id. Rep. 6, 15, ad fin.: v- 
RELIEVE. 6, exOnéro, 1: V. UNBURDEN. 
Phr.: you, r.d from your quiver, tu 
renodata pharetris, Val. Fl. 5, 381: no 
repose r.s me from toil, nullum ab 
labore me reclinat otium, Hor. Epod. 
1], 24. 

release (subs.): 1, libératio: ar. 
from evils, 1. malorum, Quint. 5, 10, 33. 
Join: 1. et vacuitas, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37: 
Vv. DELIVERANCE. 2. missio: to give 
a present in return for one’s r., munus 
pro missione dare, Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 114: 
V. DISCHARGE. 

relent; no exact equiv.: expr. by 
SOFTEN, BEND: tf the deities r., if the 
anger of the gods is turned aside, nu- 
mina si precibus remollescunt, si flec- 
titur ira deorum, Ov. M. 1, 398: & r. 
somewhat each day, quotidie iracundiae 
aliquid remittere, Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 19: 
pity, which forces a judge to r., misera- 
tio quae judicem flecti cogit, Quint 6,1, 
23: to r., ponere ferocia corda, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 302; iram, Hor. A. P. 160. 

relentless: immiséricors, saevus, 
atrox : V. PITILESS, INFLEXIBLE: poet. it 
may be expr. after Hor. Od. 1, 24, 17: 
r. in executing the decrees of fate, non 
lenis precibus fata recludere. 

relet: rélico, 1: Ulp. Dig. 19, 2, 13. 

relevant: expr. by attinet: v. To 
RELATE (11.). 

reliance: fidiicia: v. TRUST. 

relic: V. REMAINS, MEMORIAL. Of & 
body, réliquiae: e. g. the rs of Marius, 
r. Marii, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56: in eccl 
sense, *quod reliquum est ex corpore 
hominis sancti (Kr.). 

relict: vidua: v. wipow. 

relief: |, Alleviation: 1, I&- 
vatio: to discover a r. for pain, lL. in- 
venire doloribus, Cic. Tusc, 5 Usage to 

5 





RELIEVE 





bring r. for sorrows, 1. habere aegritu- 
dinum, id.ib.1,extr. 2%, lévamentum: 
ur. from the tribute, 1. tributi, Tac. H. 
I, 8: a r. for miseries, 1. miseriarum, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 53. 3, lévamen (that 
which brings r.): tf there were any 7. 
tt would be in you alone, si esset aliquod 
L, id esset in te uno, Cic. Att. 12. 16; 
Catul. 4. sublévatio: r. and remedy 
8. et medicina, Cic. Rep. 2, 34. o. 
allévatio: r. from pain, a. (doloris), 
Cic. Fin. 1,12, 40. 6, allévamentum : 
without any remedy or 7r., sine ullo re- 
medio «t a., Cic. Sull. 23, 66. 7, miti- 
gatio: V. ALLEVIATION, MITIGATION. 8. 
laxamentum : v. RESPITE, RELAXATION. 
9, médicina: v. REMEDY. I]. Aid: 
1, subsidium (esp asa milit. ¢. ¢.): to 
bring r., s. ferre, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: to send 
(to the) r., subsidio mittere, id. ib. 2, 7: 
to come to the r., subsidio venire, Cic. Att. 
8,7: V.REINFORCEMENT. Q, auxilinm: 
Vv. HELP, ASSISTANCE, succouR. Pbhr.: 
before r. could come from Carthage, 
priusquam Carthagine subveniretur, Liv. 
29, 25, ad fin.: (he said that) he trusted 
in the fortifications of the town, if r. 
could be quickly brought, se confidere 
munitionibus oppidi si celeriter succur- 
ratur, Caes. B. C. 3, 80. Ul. 7. ¢. in 
painting: 1, éminentia: in the back- 
ground or in r., in umbris et in emi- 
nentia, Cic. Acad. 2, 4, 20. 2. aspé- 
ritas (contrast, inequality): when the 
prospect of that scene charmed the eyes 
of all by its bold r., qauum aspectus ejus 
scenae propter asperitatem eblandiretur 
omnium visus, Vitr. 7, 5,5: the aspect is 
effective on account of the r. produced by 
the spaces between the pillars, aspectus 
propter a. intercolumniorum habet auc- 
toritatem, id. 3, 3, 9. Phr.: as we 
fancy that in a work of art some things 
stand out in r., some recede, ut quaedam 
eminere in opere, quaedam recessisse 
credamus Quint. 2,17, 21. IV. 7. ¢. 
in sculpture: to carve in bas-r., caelare, 
Cic.; interradére, Plin. 33, 11, 49; hence, 
a@ bas-r., caelamen (rare), Ov. M. 13, 
291 : caelatiira (the art of carving them ; 
the r.s themselves): carving in too high 
r. breaks a thin plate, c. altior rumpit 
tenuem laminam, Quint. 2, 4,7: bas-r.s 
taken from subjects in Homer, caela- 
tura carminum Homeri, Suet. Ner. 47: 
an artist in bas-r., caelator, Cic. Verr. 4, 
24, 54; also toreuma, atis, n. (ropevma; 
see Dict. Ant. voc. “ Bronze”): very 
splendid bas-r.s, perbona t., id. ib. 4, 
18, 38 : vasa ectypa (€xrvta.), Plin. 35, 12, 
43: anaglypta (avayAumra), id. 33, II, 
49: an adj. anaglypticus occurs in Sid. 
relieve: |. Vo lighten, alleiwate : 
1. lévo, 1 (to lighten): Iwill r. you 
of your burden, ego te fasce levabo, 
Virg. E. 9, 65: ¢0 r. thirst, 1. sitim, 
Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 26: to r. the violence of the 
disease, 1. vim morbi, Curt. 3, 6, 2: tor. 
any one from fear, 1. aliquem metu, 
Liv. 2, 22: tor. care and uneasiness of 
mind by counsel, 1. curam et angorem 
animi consilio, Cic. Att. 1, 18, ad init.: 
r. your suppliant, levate supplicem ves- 
trum, id Clu. 70, 200: that remedy 
cannot r. all sorrows, illa medicina non 
omines aegri'udines 1. potest, id Tuse. 4, 
28, 61. 9, rélévo, 1: whose death has 
partially r.d uow of a burden, cujus 
mors te ex aliqua parte relevavit, Cic. 
Fl. 17, 41: to r. hunger, r. famem, Ov. 
M. 11, 129: tor. any one’s mind, r. (ali- 
cui) animum, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, If. i 
sublévo, 1; to r the toils of the soldiers, 
s. militum laborem, Caes. B. G. 6, 32: 
his caresses r.d her fears, blandimentum 
sublevavit metum, lac. A. 14, 4: tor. 
his neighbours with his wealth, s. vicinos 
facultatibus suis, Cic. Phil. 7, 8,24. 4, 
allévo, 1: /o7. one partially of a burden, 
a. onus aliqua ex parte, Cic. Rosc. Am. 
4, 10: Tam rd when I talk with you 
tn your absence, allevor quum loquor 
tecum absens, id. Att. 12, 39. §, laxo, 
I (to relax, release): to r. the stomach, 
stomachum L, Juv. 4,67: to r. his mind 
from constant labour, animum ab as- 








siduis laboribus L., Liv. 32, 5, ad init.: | 
to r. our minds from the exertion of dis- 
666 : 


RELIGION 





cussion, animos a contentione disputa- 


tionis L., Cie. de Or. 3, extr. 6, mitigo, 
I V. SOFTEN, ASSUAGE. 7. rémitto, 


misi, mMissum, 3: V. RELAX. 8, ex- 
Onéro, 1: Vv. UNBURDEN. Phr.: tor. the 
mind by sleep, animum somno relaxare, 
Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100: to be « little r.d of 
one’s fear, paullum respirare a metu, 
id. Clu. 70, 200 to r. more serious 
work by sport and jest, graviora opera 
lusibus Jocisque distinguere, Pl. Ep. 8, 
21, ad init. [|]. Zo aid, assist: 1, 
subvénio, véni, ventum, 4: to r. his son, 
surrounded by foes, circumvento filio, s. 
Caes. B. G. 5, 35. 9. sucenrro, curri, 
cursum, 3 (to run to the aid of): tor. 
those who are hard pressed, laborantibus 
s., Cie. de Or. 1, 37, 169: hemp r.s the 
stomach of beasts of burden, cannabis 
succurrit jumentornm alvo, Piin. 20, 23, 
97: v. succouR, AID. Phr.: to r. any 
one from a blockade, obsidione aliquem 
eximere, Liv. 38, 15. Il. Milit. t. t.: 
to talce the place of : 1. excipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3: they r. one another, alii alios 
excipiunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 16: 13 cohorts 
rd this legion, hanc legionem xiii. co- 
hortes exceperunt, id. ib. 7, 51. 
succédo, ssi, ssum, 3 (to take the place of : 
with dat.): fresh men r. the exhausted, 
integri et recentes defatigatis succedunt, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 16: the cohorts r.d them, 
cohortes in stationem succedere, id. 4, 
32. Phr.: tor. soldiers on guard, per- 
mutare stationum vices, Curt. 8, 6, 11: 
to r. each other in turn, variare vices, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 164 (R. and A.): he rs 
me and takes my post, subit ipse meum- 
que explet opus, Ov. M. 3, 648. IV. 
To heighten by contrast: v. RELIEF, III. 
Phr.: the contrast of the colours mutu- 
ally r.ing each other, differentia colorum 
alterna vice sese excitante, Plin. 35, 5, 
II (q. v.): the part on which the light 
falls seems to be r.d, quod erit illumi- 
natum exstare atque eminere videtur, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 26, ror. 

religion: 1. religio (relligio; so 
always in poet.: a term of wide import, 
including all feelings and manifestations 
of reverence, even to superstition): r. 
which consists in the pious worship of 
the gods, r. quae deorum pio cultu con- 
tinetur, Cic. N. PD. 1, 42, 117: to embrace 
the worship of the gods and pure r., 
cultum deorum et puram r. suscipere, 
id. Leg. 1, 23, 60: there are limits to r. ; 
we ought not to be over superstitious, 
modus est quidam religionis: nimium 
esse superstitiosum non oportet, Auct. 
Dom. 49, 105: every state has its own r., 
sua cuique Civitati r. est, id. Flac. 28, 69: 
the r. of the Jews, r. Judaeorum, id. ib. 
28, 68: the r. of the Christians, r. Chris- 
tianorum, Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 30: @ 
heathen r., rv. profana, Firm. Mat. 21, 1: 
to convert to the true r., ad veram Yr. re- 
formare, Min. Fel. 1, 5: to conform to 
the established r., r. traditas colere, id. 6, 
1 (cf. Liv. 5, 51), the rites of 7., reli- 
gionum caerimoniae, Cic. Rep. 2, 14: 
to be a teacher of 7., perh. religiones 
interpretari, after Caes. B. G. 6, 13: a 
man of no 7., contemptor religionum, 
Suet. Ner. 56. 2. expr. by sacra, 
drum, ”. pl. (religious rites ; esp. of pri- 
vate and family worship): the 7. of Ceres, 
s. Cereris, Cic. Balb. 24, 55: the origin 
of the r., origo sacrorum, Liv. 39, 13: 
the ministers of 7., antistites caerimo- 
niarum et sacrorum, Auct. Dom. 39, 104: 
to follow the same form of r., lisdem 
uti sacris, after id. Off. 1, 17, 55: 
the Catholic r., the Lutheran r., * sacra 
Pontificia, Lutherana (Kr.): to change 
one’s r., *ad alia sacra transire (Kr.). 

3, piétas (prop. dutifulmess : rare) 

r., p. adversus, erga deos, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 
73; Auct. Dom. 41,107: v. PIFTY. Phr.: 
the Christian r., Christiana fides, Sulp. 
Sev. 2, 31: a follower of the (hristian 
r., Christianae legis studiosus, Amm. 25, 
10, 15: an offence against r., sacrum 
commissum, Lex in Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 21: 
it vas an offence against r. to eat the 
produce, religiosum erat consumere 
fructum, Liv. 2, 5: the whole state be- 
came entirely devoted to r., civitas tota 





RELISH 


in cultum versa deorum, id. 1, 21: to be 
the minister of r., perh. rebus divinig 
interesse, Caes. B. G. 6,133 cf. Cic. Div. 
I, 4,7. a system of r., *formula rerum 
divinarum (Kr.): Vv. THEOLOGY. 

religious : 1, religidsus (like 
the subst., it has a wide import: also 
relligiosus): @ r. man, homo r., Auct. 
Dom. 49, 105: very 7. persons, reli- 
giosissimi mortales, Sall. C. 12: r. rites, 
r. jura, Cic. Am. 4,13. Join: sanctus 
et r., id. Fontei. 9, 213; Rose. Com. 15, 
44. on the word see Gell. 4, 9 2. 
religidstilus (rather r.): Hier. adv. Ruf. 
ane 3. Freq. expr. by means of re- 
ligio: a mind not devoid of r, feelings, 
haud intactus religione animus, Liv. 5, 
15: devoid of all r. feelings, expers reli- 
gionum omnium, Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119: 
it is ar. custom, religio est, Plin. 25, 4, 
11: that particular r. system, istorum r. 
sacrorum, Cic. Flac. 28, 69: 7. observances 
handed down by tradition, traditae per 
manus r., Liv. 5, 51: to comply with re- 
ligious practices, religiones colere, Cic. 
Rep. 2, 14: deep r. awe, summa r., id. 
Verr. 4, 34, 75: a 7. scruple arose in his 
mind, oblata est illi r., id. Fam. 10, 12, 3: 
to be prevented by r. duties, religionibus 
impediri, Caes. B. G. 5,6: no 7. aversion 
to falsehood, nulla mendacii r., id. B. C. 
I, 11: to be released from r. obligation, 
exsolvi religione, Liv. 9, 9, ad init.: to 
undertake a r. war, bellum pro reli- 
gionibus suscipere, Cic. Fontei. 9, 20: 
an object of 7. awe, r., id. Verr. 4, 43, 93: 
r. zeal, *studium religionis (Kr.). 
sollennis: v. SOLEMN. Phr.: civil and 
r. institutions, perh. divina humanaque 
jura, Caes. B.C. 1,6, extr.: to perform r. 
worship, rem divinam facere, Cato R. R. 
I, 5, 4 (esp. of sacrifices): to be very 
r., quae ad cultum deorum pertinent 
diligenter tractare, after Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 
72: a r. regard for virtue, superstitio 
virtutis, Sen. Ep. 95, 35: the most r. 
care, summa cura: Vv. SCRUPULOUS: a 7. 
person (i. e. a recluse): *religiosus, 
claustralis: to join a r. order, * ordini 
sacro se addicere. 

religiously: 1, religidsé (rell.): 
to worship the gods r., r. deos colere, 


Liv. 10, 7; Cic.: v.SCRUPULOUSLY. 92, 
sollenniter : Vv. SOLEMNLY. 
religiousness : 1, piétas ad- 


versus, erga deos, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 733 
Auct. Dom. 41, 107; cf. N. D. 1, 42, 116: 
v. PIETY. 2. sanctitas: Cic. ; v. HOLI- 
NESS. 3. religidsitas: App. Dogm. 
Plat. 2, p. 16(a trans. of the Gk. 6avd77s). 
Phr.: an enemy of all r., hostisomnium 
religionum, Auct. Dom. 54, 139: the jus- 
tice and r. of Numa, justitia religioque 
Numae, Liv. 1, 18, init. 

relinquish; rélinquo, liqui, lictum, 
3: V. LEAVE, ABANDON, KESIGN. 

reliquary: perh. *theca, capsa sance 
torum reliquiis instructa: in ecel. Latin, 
*reliquiare, reliquiarium. 

relish(v.): A. Trans.: expr. by 
phr.. to r. black broth, jure nigro de- 
lectari, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98: he said he 
never r.d anything better, negavit se 
unquam bibisse jucundius, id. ib. 5, 34, 
g7: swearing that he never r.’d a dinner 
better anywhere, adjurans nusquam se 
unquam libentius (sc. coenasse), id. Fam. 
9,19: V.LIKE,ENJOY. BB, Intrans.: 
expr. by a phr.: the deer does not r., 
nil dama sapit, Juv. 11, 121: Vv. TASTE, 

relish (subs.): 4, Flavour: sapor: 
Vv. TASTE. ff, Something eaten with or 
before a meal, a whet: 1, prodmulsis, 
idis, f. (a r. of eggs, salt fish, etc.): to 
raise one’s expectations by a r., in pro- 
mulside spei ponere aliquid, Cic. Fam. 9, 
16, 8. 2. pulmentarium (anything 
eaten with bread): dried figs ave a r., 
caricae pulmentario sunt, Sen. Ep. 87, 3: 
let exercise be your r., pulmentaria quaere 
sudando, Hor. S. 2, 2, 20. 3. condi- 
mentum (spice, seasoning): @ rT. was 
lacking, c. defuit, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98: 
V. SEASONING. — 4, pulmentum: App. 
M. 4, p.146. 5, gustus, is; Mart. 11, 
31,4. §, gustiilus (dimin. of preced.) : 
App. M. 9, p. 232. 7, gustatio: Petr. 
21,6. §, gustum: Apic. 4, 5. ll. 





RELISHING 


REMAND 


REMEDY 


a , UE EEE EEE SiIssIInISnNInEnnnSnE EERE end 


Fondness, partiality: stadium: v. 
PASTE. 

relishing: pulmentaris: r. food, p. 
cibus, Plin. 18, 12, 30: v. SAVOURY. 

reluctance: Phr.: with *., invi- 
tus: v. UNWILLINGLY. 

reluctant: piger, invitus: v. UN- 
WILLING. Join: invitus et coactus, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 2: he would be r. to come 


unbidden to a conference, in colloquium 


venire invitatus gravaretur, id. B. G. 1, | f¢ 


35: whether you will be r. or eager, sive 
retractabis, sive properabis, Cic. lusc. 1, 
31, 76. 

reluctantly : use invitus: v. UN- 
WILLINGLY. 

rely; fido or confido, fisus sum, 3 
(constr. usu. with dat. of person or abl. 
of thing relied on): v. TRUST. 

relying on: frétus (with abl.): 
Cic.: Caes.: (v. rarely with dat., Liv. 


6, 13, init., nulli rei.... freta multi- 
tudo...). 
remain: |. Jocontinue unchanged 


orunmoved: 1, mianeo, nsi, nsum, 2: 
to r. at home, m. domi, Caes. B. G. 4, 1: 
the earth r.s_fised, terra immobilis manet, 
Cic. Rep. 6,18. nothing 1.s for ever un- 
changed, nihil semper suo statu manet, 
id. N. D. 1,12, 29. all that we have loved 
in Agricola r.s, and will r., qnidquid ex 
Agricola amavimus manet mansurum- 
aue est, Tac. Agr. 46: to r. alive, m. 
in vita, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2: whilst the 
memory of Rome shall r., dum memoria 
rerum Romanarum manebit, id. Off. 2, 
12, 43: to r. of the same opinion, m. in 
pristina mente, id. Sest. 27, 58: to r. of 
the same opinion as the old philosophers, 
m. in antiquorum philosophorum sen- 
tentia, id. Div. 1, 3,5: to r. faithful to 
one’s promise, m. promissis (abl.), Virg. 
Aen. 2,160. 2, permianeo, nsi, nsum, 
2 (stronger than preced.: to r. per- 
manently): to r.on the sea coast, p. in 
maritima ora, Liv. 37,21: to r.in a state 
of celibacy, p. impuberes, Caes. B. G. 6, 
21: that custom has r.’d from the days 
of Cecrops, ille mos a Cecrope permansit, 
Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63: to r. faithful to 
one’s duty, p. in officio, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 
ad fin. 8, rémianeo, nsi, nsum, 2 (to 
r. behind: constr. sometimes with pred. 
aaj.): to r. with one, r. apud aliquem, 
Caes. B G. 4, 15: the lower part rd 
perfect, pars inferior integra remanebat, 
id. ib. 7, 35: souls r. after death, animi 
remanent post mortem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 
26. 4, sto, stéti, statum, 1 (to stand, 
last): to r. about the senate-house, s. ad 
curiam, Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 5: the tron r.’d 
fast in his groin, stetit inguine ferrum, 
Ov. M. 5,132: the ice r.s motionless, stat 
glacies iners, Hor. Od. 2,9, 5: to r. of the 
same fixed opinion, s. suis judiciis, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 28, 81: Vv. STAND. 5, exsto, 
stiti, 1 (to be extant): there r. letters of 
Philip, extant epistolae Philippi, Cic. 
Off. 2, 14. 48. 6, duro, 1 (to hold 
out, endure): to r. in tents, d. sub pel- 
libus, Liv. 5, 2: people could not r. out- 
side their houses, durari extra tecta non 
poterat, id. 10, 46, ad init.: v. Last, 
ENDURE. 7, résisto, stiti, 3: V. HALT, 
stop. §, moror, I: v. STAY, TARRY. 
Phr.: to r. in the camp, castris sese 
tenere, Caes. B. G. 3,173; castra fovere, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 57: to r. (idle) at Brun- 
dusium, jacere Brundusii, Cic. Att. 11, 6: 
to r. on an estate (from reluctance to 
proceed), se sustinere (in praedio), id. 
ib. 10,2: to r. in the country, continere 
se ruri, Ter. Ph. 2, 3,17: their counten- 
ances r. fired on the rainless clouds, 
siccis vultus in nubibus haerent, Lucan 
4, 331: he sits and will ever r. sitting, 
sedet aeternumque sedebit, Virg. Aen. 
6, 617 throughout the world there is 
nothing which r.s. Dibil est toto quod 
perstet in orbe, Ov. M. 15, 177° the 

of the urmy which r.s dead on the 
field of battle, spolia jacentis exercitus, 
Liv. 44, 45: his expression of counten- 
ance always r.’d the same, erat semper 
idem vultus, Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31: to 
r. faithful to the old style, antiquum 
obtinere, Ter. Andr. 4, 5,22: Pl.: to r. 
neutral, se in nullam partem movere, 





Caes, B. C. 2, 17: quiescere, Cic. Att. 9, 
Io, ad fin. I]. To be over, to be left 
as a remainder : 1, resto, stiti, 1 
(constr. with ut or infin.) : he who has 
JSinished two-thirds must necessarily have 
a third r.ing, qui duas partes absolverit 
buic necesse est r. tertiam, Cic. Off. 3, 2, 9: 
presents, r.ing from the ravages of the 
sea and the flames, dona pelago et flam- 
mis restantia, Virg. Aen. 1, 679: lucky 
ellows ! now I (alone) r., felices! nunc 
ego resto, Hor. S. 1, 9, 28: it 7.8 for us 
to consider of what nature they are, 
restat ut qualis eorum natura sit consi- 
deremus, Cic. N. D. 2,17, 45: it r.’d to 
tell, restabat verba referre, Ov. M. 1 
100. 2. siipéro, 1: if one-twelfth be 
taken from five-twelfths, what r.s? side 
quincunce remota est uncia quid superat? 
Hor. A. P. 328: what money r.’d, quod 
superaret pecuniae, Cic. Verr. 3, 84, 195: 
what r.s for us to clear ourselves of ? 
quid superat quod purgemus? Liv. 45, 
24, unit. 3. stipersum, fui, esse: a 
sue of two days r..d, biduum supererat, 

aes. B, G. 1, 23: as for what r.s, quod 
superest, Cic. Att. 9, 19. ad fin.: now tt 
7.8 for me to tell, nunc superest mihi 
dicere, Ov. F. 3, 675: all that r. of the 
army of Hirtius, omnes qui supersint 
de Hirtii exercitu, Pollio in Cic. Fam. 
10, 33, 5: V. SURVIVE. 4. résideo, 
sédi, 2 (to r. sitting, r. behind): itt is 
uncertain whether she wandered from 
the road or r.’d sitting from fatigue, 
erravitne via sen lassa resedit incertum, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 739: the rest of the band 
of conspirators will r. in the state, re- 
sidebit in republica reliqua conjurato- 
rum manus, Cic. Cat. I, 5, 12: hope 7.s 
in your valour, residet spes in virtute 
tua, id. Fam. 12, 3, ad fin. Phr.: tt 
r.s to vie with each other in our kind 
offices, reliquum est ut officiis certemus 
inter nos, id. ib. 7, 31: not even the chaff 
rd, ne paleae quidem relinquebantur, 
id. Verr. 3, 48, 114: something will r. 
Jrom my slender income, ex meo tenui 
vectigali aliquid reduadabit, id. Par. 6, 
3, ad init. 

remainder: réliquum: v. REST. 

remaining (adj.): 1, réliquus: 
what has he r.? quid est huic reliqui? 
Cic. Sull. 31, 89: the sun is the chief of 
the r. luminaries, sol est princeps reli- 
quorum luminum, id Rep. 6,17: there 
were very few r.; the rest were dis- 
charged, erant perpauci reliqui, ceterique 
dimissi, id. Verr. 5, 34, 87: to leave no- 
thing r., nihil reliqui facere, Sall. Cat. 
11, ad fin.: to leave no opinion about 
him r., nullam opinionem ejus r. facere, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 12,29. 2, résiduus (what 
is left; esp. as a sediment when all else 
is drawn off): the r. nobles, residui no- 
bilium, lac. A. 11, 23: J desire that 
there be no anxiety r., cupio nullam r. 
sollicitudinem esse, Cic. Fam. 10, I, 3. 

3, réses, Idis (the nom. sing. does 

not occur; it usu. implies zdleness, in- 
activity : rare): to dread the r. plebeians 
in the city, timere r. in urbe plebem, Liv. 
2,32. 4 siiperfluus (that u hich is left 
over and above: rare): to restore the r. 
produce, fructus s. restituere, Papin. 
Dig. 36, 1, 58, extr. 5, céteri, alii: 
Vv. REST. 6. siiperstes, stitis: v. SUR- 
VIVING. 

remains (pl.): réliquiae, f. pl. (in 
nearly all senses of the Eng.): the r. of 
his forces, r. copiarum, Nep. ‘Them, 5, 1: 
the r. of dinners, r. coenarum, Cic. Fam. 
g, 16, 8: the r. of r. (i. e. com., the very 
smallest scraps), r. reliquiarum, !’l. Curc, 
3, 18: Vv. FRAGMENTS: to carry his r. to 
the tomb, r. tumulo inferre, Tac. A. 3, 4: 
v. ASHES: the scanty r. of the republic, 
tenues reipublicae r., Auct. Dom. 36, 96: 
to mangle the r. of life, vitae r. lacerare, 
id. Quint. 15. 50: V. RUINS, TRACE. 

remake: réfingo, 3: to. their realms 
of wax, cerea regna T., Virg. G. 4, 202: 
V. RECREATE, RENEW. 

remand (v.): |. rémitto, misi, 
missum, 3: V. SEND BACK, COUNTER- 
MAND. fj, 7.¢.in/aw: 1, amplio, 
1: to r.a man, a. hominem, Anct. Her. 
4, 36,48: the accused was twice r.’d and 





acquitted on his third appearance, bis 
ampliatus tertio absolutus reus, Liv. 
43, 2. 2. compérendino, 1 (to r. to 
the third day): to r. the accused, c. 
reum, Cic, Verr. Act. 2, 1,9, 26: V. AD- 
JOURN. 
remand (suvbs.), remanding: am- 
pliatio, Sen. ; compérendinatio and com- 
pérendinatus, Gs, both iu Cic.: v. preced. 
art., and ADJOURNMENT. 
remark (v.): observo, 1: v. OBSERVE. 
remark (subs.): observatio: v. on- 
SERVATION, SAYING, NOTE. 
remarkable: 1, insignis (distin- 
guished by some peculiarity): r. for 
some weakness, i, debilitate aliqua, Suet. 
Cal. 26, ad fin.: a r. misfortune, i. cala- 
miitas, Caes. B. G. 1,12: a year r. for 
two new magistracies, annus i. duobus 
novis magistratibus, Liv. 7, 1, init. : 
splendid and r. virtue, clara et i. virtus, 
Cic. Am. 27, 102: very r., perinsignis, 
id. Leg. 1, 19, 51. 2. insignitus (prop, 
part.; rare): a more r. disgrace, insig- 
nitius flagitium, Tac. A. 4, 51: Cato, 
3, mémodrabilis (worthy of men- 
tion): he vasar. man, vir m., Liv. 38, 
53: very r. friendship, maxime m. fumi- 
liaritas, Cic. Am. 1,4: a book of r. deeds 
and sayings, factorum et dictorum me- 
morabilium liber, Val. Max. title. 4. 
commémOrabilis (stronger than preced.): 
many other r. things, multa alia c., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 52,131: V. MEMORABLE. 5 
notabilis (noteworthy): a r. death, a 
exitus, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 5: great and r. 
eloquence, magna et n. eloquentia, Tac. 
Or. 40: an uncommon and r. circum- 
stance, rara et n. res, Plin. Ep. 7, 6, init. 
6. conspicuus: v. LLusrrious. 7, 
singularis: v. SINGULAR. 8, mirus: 
v. WONDERFUL, 9. egrégius: v. UN- 
comMMON. Phr.: nothing r. was done, 
nihil dignum memoria actum est, Liv. 2, 
19, ad init.: Cic.: r.doings and sayings, 
facta et dicta memoratu digna, Val. Max. 
praef., init.: every year was r. for deaths, 
omnis annus funeribus insigniretur, Tac. 
Agr. 41: he composed accurately which 
was all the more r. seeing he was no 
orator, scriptitavit accurate, quum prae- 
sertim non esset orator, Cic. Brut. 77, 
267. 
remarkably : 1, insigniter: to 
love one’s friends r., amicos 1. diligere, 
Cic. Part. Or. 2, 80. 9. insignité: r. 
wicked, i. improbus, Cic. Quint. 23, 73. 
3. oft. expr. by very, or by per; 
as, r. diligent, perdiligens. 4, singi- 
lariter: v. SINGULARLY. 5, miré: v. 
WONDERFULLY. 6. egrégié: v. UN- 
COMMONLY. 
remediable: sanabilis: v.cURABLE. 


remedial ; médicabilis, Col: ré- 
médialis, Macr.: v. HEALING. 
remediless: iusavabilis: Vv. IN- 


CURABLE. 

remedy (subs.): 1, rémédium : 
not a violent but a poverful r., non 
praeceps sed strenuum r., Curt. 3, 6, 2: 
@ quick r.. praesentaneum r., Plin. 21, 
31, 105: a most efficacious r., , praesen- 
tissimum r., Col. 6, 14, ad init.: a r. 
against coli, r. frigoris, Curt. 8, 4, 11: 
ar. for the throat, r. ad fuuces, Suet. 
Ner. 35, ad fin.: to cure by opposite r.s 
(=allopathically), contrariis remediis 
sanare, Cels. 3, 9: to be a T., esse Te- 
medio (also in nom. and gen.), Plin., 
passim: Fig.: a sharp r., acre T., Cic. 
Clu. 24, 67: an active r., r. diligens, Sen. 
Ep. 95, 14: an extreme r., Tr. extremum, 
id. 29, 3: a Tr. arising from war, T, ex 
bello, Tac. A. 4,72: ¢o procure r.s for 
making pain endurable, r. comparare 
ad tolerandum dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 5, 26 
74: to find rs for his poisonous devices, 
veneficiis r. invenire, id. Phil. 13, 11, 25 
to apply r.s to the diseases of the mind, 
r. morbis animorum adhibere, id. lusc. 
4, 21, 58: to use philosophy asa r., phi- 
losophiam in r. suum exercere, Sen. Ep. 
111, 2: 7-s are of no avail unless they 
are perserered in, Yr. non prosunt nisi 
immorantur, id. ib. 40, 4. 2. médica- 
mentum (a healing drug): to give a r, 
m. dare, Cic. Off. 3, 24,92. Fig.: ar. for 
grief, m. doloris, id. Fin. 2, 7,22: a uni- 

667 


REMEDY 






versal r. (panacea), panchrestum m., id. 
Verr. 3, 65, 152. 3, médicamen, inis, 
mn. (same as preced.: fig. only in poet.): 
violent r.s, violenta m., Cic. Pis. 6, 13 
(al. vinolenta): to apply strong 7.s to 
an angry woman, iratae m. fortia prae- 
bere, Ov, A. A. 2, 489. 4, médicina 
(healing; hence, that which heals) : 
to apply a 7.,m. adiibere, Cic. Att. 16, 


} 


15, post med. Fig.: a standing r. for | 


grief, m. perpetua doloris, id. Fam. 5,15, 
4: Ov. 5, médéla: to apply a r. to 
one’s wounds, m. adhibere vulneribus, 
App. M. 8, p. 210. Fig.: the 7s pro- 
vided by the laws, m. legum, Gell. 20, I. 

6, auxilium (a help): to bear., 
auxilio esse, Plin. 26, 12, 78: it is better 
to try a doubtful r. than none, satius 
anceps a. experiri quam nullum, Cels. 2, 
10. ‘J, pravsidium (a protection): it 
is ar. for ear-diseases, aurium morbis p. 
est, Plin. 22, 22,44. 8, praesentaneum 
(a r. that operates at once): Plin. 30, 9, 
23§79- 9, regressus, us (a legal r.): 
to have no r. against the vendor, nullum 
adversus venditorem habere r., Pomp. 
Dig. 21, 2, 34. 10. lénimentum: v. 
RELIEF, ALLEVIATION. Phr.: kinds of 
herbs which are a r. for the bites of 


beasts, genera herbarum ad morsus bes- | 


tiarum, Cic. Div. 1, 7,13: Caes.: Plin. : 
it is a r. for strangury, facit ad diffi- 
cultatem urinae, id. 22, 18, 21: the seed 


isar. for serpents’ stings, semen contra | 


serpentes valet, id. 22, 22, 355 so, aux- 
iliatur contra serpentes, id. 21, 19, 77: 


it is a r. for the dropsical, hydropicis | 


prodest, id. 21, 19, 78: if is a@ most effi- 


cacious r. for the sting of wasps, prae- | 
| 20: to r. injunctions, r. praecepta, id. 


sentissimum est contra ictus vesparum, 
id. 21, 20, 86 (v. EFFICACIOUS): his dis- 
order increases with the r., aegrescit 
medendo, Virg. Aen. 12, 46: I do not 
approve of his r.s, curationes non probo, 
Cic. Fam. 16, 4, 1: no Tr. is more im- 
portant for the state, nulla salus reipub- 
licae major est, id. Div. in Caecil. 
21;/ I~ 

remedy (v.): 


Vv. CURE, HEAL, and preced. art. 
mee 
Fi 


|]. Lit.: sano, 1: 
Il. 
1, médeor, 2 (constr. with 
dat.; rarely acc.): to r. an evil, malo 
m. (joined to sanare), Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26: 


tor. the deficiency of corn, m. rei tru- | 


mentariae inopiae, Caes. B. G. 5, 24: 
they must r. it by law, medendum est 
lege, Tac. A. 4,16: to r. one’s desires, m. 
cupiditates, Ter. Ph. 5,4,3. 2, occurro, 
curri, cursum, 3 (to cownteract: with 
dat.); variety 7.8 ennui, varietas oc- 
currit satietati, Cic. Or. 52, 174: to r. 
both evils, utrique rei o., Nep. Pelop.1, 1: 
v.COUNTERACT. 3, sano, I (to cure): 
to r. an inconvenience, s. incommodum, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 29: Cic. 4. corrigo, 
rexi, rectum, 3: V. CORRECT. h 
more freq. expr. by phr. with reme- 
dium : to try to r.the delay, r. quaerere 
ad eam moram, Cic. Clu. 9, 27: when 
vices become habits there is no chance of 
r.ing them, ubi quae fuerant vitia mores 
sunt desinit esse remedio locus, Sen. Ep. 
39, ertr. Phr.: to r. the barrenness of 
the soil, obviam ire infecunditati terra- 
rum, Tac. A. 4, 6. 

remelt: récdquo, xi, ctum, 3: to r. 
tron, terrum r., Flor. 3, 20, 6: Virg.: 
Plin. 

remember: 1, mémini, isse, de- 
fect. (constr. with gen., acc. of person or 
thing, de, a rel. clause, subj., acc. and 
infin. : v. Lat. Gr. § 298): for Ir.,1r., 
nor shall I ever forget that night, me- 
mini enim, memini, neque unquam obli- 
viscar noctis illius, Cic. Plane. 42, tor: 
to r. the living, m. vivorum, id. Fin. 5, 
1, 3: to r. all things, m. omnia, id. Acad. 
2, 33,106: to r. my actions, m. actionum, 
id. Fam. 1, 9, 8: whom you r. well, quem 
tu probe meministi, id. de Or. 3, 50, 194: 
you rT. how great was men’s wonder, 
meministi, quanta esset hominuin ad- 
miratio, id. Am. 1, 2: J 7. that he 
answered me, illum mihi respondere 
m., id. de Or. 2, 73,297: to 7. well, 
memoriter m., Pl. Capt. 2,1, extr.: Ir. 
a book being brought to you, m. librum 
tibi afferri, Cic. Att. 8, 11,ad fin.: often, 

668 





REMEMBRANCE 


I r., when little I used to anoint my eyes 
with olive-oil, saepe oculos, memini, tan- 
gebam parvus olivo, Pers. 3, 44: 1. to 
drown your melancholy in wine, finire 
memento tristitiam vino, Hor. Od. 1, 7, 
17: V. TAKE CARE. 2, commémini 
(7. thoroughly): whom he said he r.’d 
quite well, quem probe se ce. aiebat, Cic. 


de Or. 1, 53, 227: Ir. it better because I | 


had no dinner that day, hoc c. magis 
quia illo die impransus fui, Pl. Amph. 
i, I, 98. 3. rémémini (very rare) : 
Tert. 4, récordor, 1 (lo think over, 
call to mind; constr. with acc., some- 
times de or gen.): to r. the common for- 
tune of war, communes belli casus r., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 72: I should like to know 
if you r. anything about yourself, velim 


| scire, ecquid de te recordere, Cic. ‘Tusc. 


I, 6, 13: to r. the very earliest days of 
childhood, pueritiae memoriam r. ulti- 
mam, id. Arch. 1,1: to 7. one’s crimes, 
r. flagitiorum, id. Pis. 6,12: Ir. he pre- 
Serred Demosthenes to all, recordor om- 
nibus anteferre Demosthenem, Cic. Or. 
pan. 5, réminiscor, 3 (to call to 
mind ; constr. with gen., acc., ucc. and 
inf. or absol.): to r. his old renown, r. 
veteris famae, Nep. Phoc. 4, 1: Caes. : 
r. what is taught in the mysteries, re- 
miniscere quae traduntur mysteriis, Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 13, 29: he r.s that it is decreed 
by fate, esse in fatis reminiscitur, Ov. M. 
I, 256. 6, répéto, ivi, and ii, Itum, 3 
(to recollect ; esp. freq. with memoria or 
memoriam): as far back as I can r., 
quantum memoria r. praeterita possum, 
Cic, Fam. 11, 27,2: 7. that time, repete 
illius temporis memoriam, id. Deiot. 7, 


Q. Fr. 1, 2,2§7: when I r. the night, 
cum repeto noctem, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 3- 4 
récognosco, gnovi, gnitum, 3 (to knou 
again, recall to mind ; esp. of acquaint- 
ances): prithee, r. that night, recognosce 
tandem illam noctem, Cic. Cat. 1, 4, 8: 
when I perfectly r.’d you, cum te peni- 
tus recognovi, id. Deiot. 2,4; Ov. (For 
the precise force of the word see Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 24, 57, non discere sed remini- 
scendo recognoscere.)  §, commémoro, 
I (rare): each day I r. in the evening 
what I have done, quid quoque die ege- 
rim commemoro vesperi, Cic. Sen. I1, 
38. Phr.: (i.) with memoria: to7., in 
memoria habere, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 133 
memoria complecti, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 
12, 39; memoria comprehendere, id. 
de Or. I, 34,154; memoria retinere, id. 
Manil. 7, 19; memoria tenere, id. Lig. 
12, 35 (q.v.): Ir. many of those poems, 
multa (carmina) ex iis memoria teneo, 
id. N. D. 2, 41, 104: as I7r., ut mea me- 
moria est, id. Att. 13, 31, ad fin.: v. 
MEMORY. (ii.) to r. everything, memori- 
ter tenere omnia, Pl. Ep. 6, 33, ad fin. : 
r. always this precept, hoc tibi dictum 
tolle memor, Hor. A. P. 368: tor. well, 
memori reprehendere mente, Lucr. 3, 
857. (iii.) In letters: 7. me to my friend 
Tiro, Tironem meum saluta nostris ver- 
bis, Cic. Fam. 4, 29, extr.: Vv. SALUTE. 
remembrance: _ 1, récordatio: a 
pleasant r., grata r., Cic. Plane. 33, 81: 
to enjoy the r. of friendship, recorda- 
tione amicitiae frui, id. Am. 4, 15: the 
r. of a bygone event, veteris memoriae 
r., id. de Or. 1, 2, 4: the tranquil r. of 
past suffering affords pleasure, habet 
praeteriti doloris secura r. delectationem, 
id. Fam. 5,12, 4. Join: memoria et r., 
id. Brut. 2, 9. 2, mémoria (strictly, 
the faculty of memory, but oft. used 
for r.): to perpetuate the r., m. prodere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 13, extr.: he lives and 
will live in the r. of every age, vivit, 
vivetque per omnium seculorum memo- 
riam, Vell. 2, 66, 5: within the r. of 
man, post hominum memoriam, Cic. 
Cat. 1, 7, 16: wt often happened both 
within the r. of our forefathers and our 
own, persaepe et nostra et patrum me- 
moria accidit, id. Fontei. 7, 13. E 
commémbratio (a reminding, calling to 
mind): the r. of our name, c. nominis 
nostri, Cic. Arch. 11. 29. 4, rétinen- 
tia: Lucr. 3, 6733 (ib. 3, 849, where al. 
repetentia). Phr. : to hold kindmesses in 





| grateful r., beneficia meminisse, Cic 





REMISSIVE 





Planc. 33, 80: the r. grows faint and 
dim, meminisse jacet languetque sopore, 
Lucr. 4, 763. 

remembrancer: monitor (who puts 


|one in mind): Cic. Div. in Caecil. 16, 


52: V. MONITOR, PROMPTER. 

remind: 1, moneo, 2 (constr. with 
the dtrect obj. in acc., or nom. in pass., 
indirect in acc. if a neut. pron. or adj. 5 


| otherwise in gen., or dependent on de; 


also with acc. and inf.; cf. Lat. Gr. 
§ 278: to put in mind, warn: N.B.— 
Avoid the constr. with the swbj., which 
denotes to admonish): to r. the soldiers 
of the crisis and emergency, m. milites 
temporis et necessitudinis, ‘ac. A. 1, 
67: the very thing of which you r. me, 
id ipsum quod me mones, Cic. Att. 14, 
19, ad init.: according to your instruc 
tions he r.’d me that there was need of 
a stronger force in that province, me ex 
tuis mandatis monuit praesidio firmiore 
opus esse ad istam provinciam, id. Fam. 
3,3, 1: to r. any one about the will, m, 
aliquem de testamento, id. Att. 11, 16, 
ad fin. 2. admoneo, 2 (constr. like 
the preced.: to r., esp. of past events, 
whilst moneo refers more freq. to the 
juture): to r. in a friendly way, a. 
amice, Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 5: he r.’d one of 
his neediness, another of his ruling pas- 
sion, admonebat alium egestatis, alium 
cupiditatis suae, Sall. Cat. 21: to r. 
persons (of a debt), homines a., Cic. 
Quint. 12, 40: J wish you to be r.’d of 
that, illud te esse admonitum volo, id. 
Coel. 3, 8: to r. me about the gardens, 
de hortis me a., id. Q. Fr. 3, 1,46 14: 
to r. (the hearers) what you have said, 
and in what order you have said it, 
quid et quo quidque loco dixeris a., id. 
Inv. 1,52,99. 3, commdneo, 2 (constr. 
like moneo): it is sufficient to r. us, c. 
nos satis est, Cic. Fin. 3,1, 3: tor. you 
of that marriage of his, c. te ejus ma- 
trimonii, Auct. Her. 4, 33, 44: tor. of a 
danger, c. de periculo, Cic. Part. Or. 27, 
96. 4, commonefacio, féci, factum, 2 
(to put in remembrance: pass. is formed 
with fio): to 7. one again and again, 
etiam atque etiam c. aliquem, Cic. Fam. 
13,72: tor. the soldiers of his favours, 
c. (milites) beneficii sui, Sall. Jug. 49: 
he rd him of what was said, commone- 
fecit quae sint dicta, Caes. B. G. 1, 19: 
there is no one who ts not r..d of your 
wickedness by that oration, nemo est 
quin tui sceleris ex illa oratione com- 
monefiat, Cic. Verr. 5, 43, 112.° §, 
commémoro, 1: the benefactor ought 
not to be the person to r. men of his bene- 
its, is non debet c. beneficia qui contu- 
lit, Cic. Am. 20, 71: Liv. 6, méméro, 
I (rare): to r. him of his friendship and | 
alliance, m. amicitiam et foedus, Tac. A. 
2, 58. Phr.: the mention of Autronius 
would have r.’d one of Sulla, Autronii 
commemoratio memoriam Sullae retu- 
lisset, Cic. Sull. 13, 37: of which those 
little gardens r. me, cujus illi hortuli 
memoriam afferunt, id. Fin. 5, 1,2: to 
r. one of anything, reducere (aliquid) in 
memoriam, id. Inv. I, 52, 98: carve on 
the tomb a mournful inscription that 
will r. men of me, nostri memorem 
sepulcro scalpe querelam, Hor. Od. 3, 
Il, 51. 

reminiscence: récordatio: J avoid 
r.s, Yr. fugio, Cic. Att. 12, 18, init.: Plato 
maintains that it is a r. of our former 
life, Plato r. esse vult superioris vitae, 
id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57: V. REMEMBRANCE, 
The Platonic avauvyots, trans. recorda- 
tio by Cic.,is rendered by réminiscentiae 
in Tert, Anim, 23. 

remiss: negligens: v. SLACK, NEGLI- 
GENT. 

remission: 1. rémissio: the r.of 
the jever, r. febris, Suet. Tib. 73: ther. 
of the tribute for three years, r. tributi 
in triennium, Tac. A. 4, 13: forgiveness 
is the r. of a deserved punishment, venia 
est meritae poenae r., Sen. Clem. 2, 9, 1: 
Cic. 2. vénia: v. FORGIVENESS. 

remissive: (i.e. taken in u weake 
ened significatton): rémissivus: Prisc. 
1021 P. 








REMISSLY 


REMOVAL 


REMOVE 





remissly ; negligenter: v. NEGLI- 
GENTLY. 

remissness: negligentia: v. NEGLI- 
GENCE. 

remit: A, Transice putt: 


rémitto, misi, missum, 3: v. SEND BACK. 
Il. 70 give up, concede: 1, rémitto, 
misi, missum, 3: fo r. a punishment, rv. 
poenam, Liv. 8, 35, ad init.: to r. an 
ampost, r. stipendinm, Waes. B. G. 1, 44: 
to r.a@ fine, r. multam, Cie. Phil. 11, 8, 
18: to r. nothing of his usual luxury, 
nihil e solito luxu r., Tac. H.3,55. 2, 
dono, 1 (to make a present of): to r. 
a year’s house-rent to the tenants, mer- 
cedes habitationum annuas conductori- 
bus d., Caes. B. C. 3, 21. 3, conddno, 
1 (to condone): to r. money due to the 
creditors, c. pecunias debitas creditori- 
bus, Cic. Off. 2, 22, 78: Vv. FORGIVE. 
Phr.: to r. the tribute, dimittere tri- 
buta (alicui), Tac. H. 3, 55: tor. nine- 
tenths of the fine, detrahere multae partes 
novem, Nep. Timoth. 4, 1: 4o r. a third 
of the sum due from the tax-farmers, re- 
levare publicanos tertia mercedum parte, 
Suet. Caes. 20. Ill. Zo send (money, 
ete.): mitto, misi, missum, 3: Vv. SEND, 
TRANSMIT. 
ation: 
3: V. REFER. B. Intrans.: rélaxo, 
1: V. ABATE, RELAX. 
remittance: pecunia may be used 
to expr. this: a day on which a r. is 
due, dies pecuniae, after Cic. Att. 10, 5. 
remittent: récidivus (recurring): a 
r. fever, r. febris, Cels. 3, 4, post med.: 
V. INTERMITTENT: a fr. spring, fons qui 
(statis auctibus ac deminutionibus) cres- 
cit decrescitque, Plin. Ep. 4, 30, ad init. 


remnant: réliquiae: v. REMAINS, 
REST. 
remodel: 1, récdquo, xi, ctum, 3 


(to remould, remelt): to give oneself up 
to anybody to be moulded and as it were 
r.d, se formandum ac veluti recoquen- 
dum dare alicui, Quint. 12,6, 7: Hor. S. 
2, 5, 55- 2. réformo, 1: until he 7.s 
himself into his original shape,dum quod 
fuit ante reformet, Ov. M. 11, 254. 3. 
transfigtro, 1 (to change into another 
shape): ¥. TRANSFORM. 4, rétracto, 
I: V. REVISE. 
remonstrance: no exact equiv.: 
nearest perh. réclamatio (a cry of dis- 
approbation): Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5: some- 
times expr. by objurgatio, or admonitio, 
or monitio: admonitio is “ lenior objur- 
gatio,” id. de Or. 2, 83, 339: monitio 
(ace. to Fest.) is “ante commissum,” 
objurgatio “ post factum.” 
Remonstrant: *Arminianus (Kr.). 
remonstrate: nearest word perh. 
réclamo, 1: the consuls r.ing, reclaman- 
tibus consulibus, Liv. 3, 21: to r. with 
him touching his promises, ejus promis- 
sis reclamare, Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 22: also 
expr. by objurgo, 1 (to reprove for what 
has been done): to r. with him for pay- 
ing so little attention to his health, o. 
quod parum valetudini parceret, id. Fam, 
Il, 29, 1: or by tendere (contra, adver- 
sus): when he produced no effect on his 
allies by r.ing, quum adversus tendendo 
nihil moveret socios, Liv. 34, 34, ad init. 
remora: échinéis, idis, f. (or echi- 
nais) ; also remora (but some read mora), 
Plin. 32, 1,1: *echineis remora, Linn. 
remorse: no single equiv.: the phrr. 
used are, angor conscientiae, fraudis cru- 
ciatus (r. for a crime), Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 40 
(q. v.): immediately after he speaks more 
indef. of sollicitudo, dolor: sometimes 
conscientia (guilty nov ledge) is used in 
asomewhat similar sense: 7. for crimes, 
c. scelerum, Cic. Pis. 19, 44: 7. for your 
evil deeds torments you, te conscientiae 
stimulant maleficiorum tuorum, id. Parad. 


2, ad fin.: it is better to suffer the pangs | 


of r., melius est morderi conscientia, id. 
Tusc. 4, 20, 45: stung by r., conscientia 
ictus, Liv. 33, 28, ad fin.: the metaph. 
may also be preserved by rémordeo, no 
perf., morsum (lo bite back), 2: but if 
you feel r. for the loss of liberty, sin liber- 
tatis desiderium remordet animos, Liv. 

4, ad init. (cf. morsus intermissae 
libertatis, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 24): when per- 


IV. To refer for consider- | 
référo, rétiili (retrili), rélatum, 








chance the guilty soul is stung by its oun 
r., cum conscius ipse animus se forte re- 
mordet, Luer. 4, 1127. 
remorseless; immisericors, ordis: 
V. PITILESS. 
remote: {. Lit.: 1, rémotus: 
a duwelling-place r. from the Germans, 
sedes r. a Germanis, Caes. B. G, 1, 31, 
ad fin.: the r. Britons, r. Britanni, Hor. 
Od. 4, 14, 47: r. and lonely regions, r. et 
avia, Tac. Agr.19. 2, amotus: a spot 
r. from the public gaze, a. a conspectu 
locus, Liv. 25, 16,ad med. 3, sémotus 
(sequestered): a spot r. from the soldiers, 
s. a militibus locus, Caes, B. C. 1, 84: 
Hor. 4, longinquus: r. nations, 1. 
nationes, Caes. B. G. 7, 77, ad jin.: v. 
DISTANT, 5, disjunctus (severed) : 
Aetolia, far r. from barbarous races, 
Aetolia procul a barbaris d. gentibus, 
Cic. Pis. 39, gt. 6, ultimus (/arthest, 
very 7.): the remotest antiquity, u. anti- 
quitas, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 65: the very r. 
Britons, u. Britanni, Catul. 11,10. Pbr.: 
a wall more r. from the sea, retractior 
a mari murus, Liv. 34,9: im the secret 
and r. recesses of the temple, in occultis 
et reconditis templi, Caes. B. C. 3, 105: 
to try the r. shores, terras tentare re- 
postas, Virg. Aen. 3, 364: the vemoter 
parts of Germany, secretiora Germaniae, 
Tac. G. 41. ||. Fig.: 1, rémotus: 
the laws of nature, which are more r. 
Strom the common understanding, jura 
naturae a vulgari intelligentia remotiora, 
Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 67: r. from all vice, r. 
ab omni vitio, Hor. A. P. 384. 2, dis- 
junctus (distinct from) : nothing is more 
r. from that conception, nihil ab ea cogi- 
tatione disjunctius, Cic. Acad. 2, 20, 66. 
8, aliénus: v. FOREIGN. Phr.: an 
emotion of the mind r. from any feeling 
of fear, animi affectio procul ab omni 
metu, Cic. ‘Tusc. 5, 14, 41: very rT. Jrom 
the true reason, a vera longe ratione re- 
pulsum, Lucr. 1, 880. 
remoteness: 1, longinquitas: on 
account of the r. of my position all news 
comes very slowly, propter longinquita- 
tem tardissime omnia perferuntur, Cic. 
Fam. 2, 9, I. 9, distantia (in Cic. it 
means difference): Plin.: v. DISTANCE. 
remotely: |, Atadistance: 1, 
remote: Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87. 2. pré- 
cul: v. FAR. I]. 2” @ trifling degree : 
léviter : Vv. SLIGHTLY. 
remould: 1. réformo, 1: to r. 
into another shape, in alienam personam 
r., App. M. 11, p. 272, ad fin. (said of a 
magical transformation): Ov. 2, ré- 
coquo, xi, ctum, 3 (in fig. sense): Hor. 8. 
2, 5,55: V. REMODEL. 
removal: |. Zhe act of removing: 
1, rémotio: the r. of a guardian, 
r. tutoris, Ulp. Dig. 26, 19, 4: the r. of 
an accusation, r. criminis, dic. Inv. 2, 
29, 86. 2. amotio (rare): the r. of 
pain, a. doloris, Cic. Fin. 1, tr, 37- : 
motio (rare in this sense): r. from one’s 
rank, ab ordine motio, Ulp. Dig. 47, 20, 3. 
4, détractio (a drawing off): the r. 
of blood, d. sanguinis, Cels. 4, 4 (6), 2: 
the r. of a passage, d. loci, Cic. Att. 12, 
35: the r. of discomfort, d. molestiae, id. 
Fin: x, 11,37: 5, dépulsio (a driving 
away): the r. of pain, a. doloris, Cic. 
Fin. 5, 7,17: the r. of bondage, da. ser- 
vitutis, id. Phil. 8, 4, 12. 6. amilitio 
(very rare): the r. of an infant (from 
tts mother), a. infantis, Gell. 12, 1, ad fin. 
4%. déportatio (a carrying avay): 
at each r., in singulas deportationes, 
Cato R. R. 144, 3. 8, amandatio (a 
sending away): Cic.: Vv. BANISHMENT. 
Il. 4 going away: 1, migratio 
a changing one’s habitation): this r. 
ts wretched and shameful for us, haec 
migratio nobis misera ac turpis, Liv. 5, 
53: death is ar. to those regions, m. est 
mors in eas oras, Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 98. 
2. émigratio: the r. of the inha- 
bitants, e. inquilinorum, Ulp. Dig. 39, 2, 
28. 3, commigratio (a shifting about) : 
ar. from one place to another, aliunde 
alio c., Sen. Cons. Helv. 6, 7. 4, dé- 
migratio: Nep. Milt. 1, 2: v. EMIGRA- 
Tion.  §, discessus, fis: V. DEPARTURE. 
remove (subs.): |. Removal: vy. 





preced. art. Il. Step: gradus, is: v 


DEGREF. II]. A dish at table: perh. 
fercilum: v. COURSE. 
remove (v.): |. Trans: 1 


rémoveo, movi, métum, 2: wt r. the 
horses out of sight, r. equos e conspectu, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 25: to r. the garrisons 
Jrom those places, r. praesidia ex iis 
locis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 3: to r. sleep, r, 
soporem, Ov. M. 6, 493: to r. from a 
tribe, r. tribu, Liv. 45, 15: to r. the most 
trivial points from a speech, ea quae 
levissima sunt, ex oratione r., Cic. de Or. 
3 2, Amodveo, 2 (move quite 
away): 1. that spendthrijt Jrom that 
place, nebulonem illum ex istis locis 
amove, Cic, Att. 1,12: tor. a quaestor 
JSrom his office, a. quaestorem a procura- 
tione, Auct. Har, Resp. 20,43: Liv. 8, 
déméveo, 2 (displace, get rid of): to r. 
Silanus Jrom the province of Syria, d. 
Silanium Syria, Tac. A. 2,43: tor. hatred 
Jrom us and ours, d. odium a nobis ac 
nostris, Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 208. Juin: d, 
et depellere, id. Caecin. 17, 49. , 
emobveo, 2 (to eject): to r. the multitude 
Srom the forum, e. multitudinem e foro, 
Liv. 25, 1, ad fin.: to r. certain persons 
Srom the senate, e, aliquos senatu, id. 45, 
15: to r.anxiety by one’s words, e. curas 
dictis, Virg. Aen. 6, 382. 5, subméveo, 
2 (esp. of dispersing a crowd, obstacles, 
etc.): tor. a mob, s, turbam, Liv. 3, 48: 
to r.any one from the city, s. aliquem 
urbe, Suet. Aug. 45, ad fin.: to r. any 
one from a post in the state, s. allquem 
administratione reipublicae, id. Caes, 16: 
Cic. 6, séméveo, 2 (put aside, send 
away, separate from): he must be rd 
From that school of philosophy, ab ea 
disciplina semovendus est, Cic. Acad. 1, 
Q, 34- 7. commoveo, 2 (by violent 
means): to r. the pallars, c. columnas, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 55, 145: Liv. 8. moveo, 
2: esp. in phr., to r. from a tribe, tribu 
movere, Cic. de Or. 2, 67,272: all things 
which could be r.d (moveables), om- 
nia quae moveri poterant, Nep. [hem. 
2, 8: Cic.: Vv. MOVE. 9, amodlior, 4 
(to r. uith difficulty): to r. the obstacles 
presented by the woods, a. obstantia sil- 
varum, Tac. A. 1, 50: Pl. 10, trans- 
féro, tili, latum, 3 (to r. from one place 
to another): he r.d his camp a little be- 
yond that spot, paullo ultra eum locum 
castra transtulit, Caes, B. C. 3, 66: tor. 
one’s paltry furniture (from a fire), fri- 
vola t., Juv. 3, 198. 1]. tollo, sus- 
tiili, sublatum, 3: v. TAKE AWAY. 12, 
déporto, 1: v. CARRY AWAY. 13. deé- 
pello, puli, pulsum, 3: Vv. DRIVE AWAY. 
14, dmando,1: v.seENp Away. 16, 
abdiico, xi, ctum, 3: V. BRING AWAY. 
Phr.: to r. our goods, nostra refigere 
deportareque, Curius in Cic. Fam. 7, 29: 
to r. mountains from their place, montes 
sua sede moliri, Liv. 9, 3, ad init.: tor. 
his standard to the left wing, signa in 
laevum cornu conferre, id. 7, 15: r.a@ 
smell, nidorem sanare, Plin. 12, 17, 40: 
to r.a man out of one’s way (i.e. assas- 
sinate him), hominem de medio tollere, 
Cic. Rosc. Am. 7, 20: to r.a man from 
his office, abrogare magistratum alicui, 
id. Verr. 2, 57, 140: to lessen and r. what 
is grievous, molestias extenuare et di- 
luere, id. Tusc. 3, 16, 34: to r. all marks 
of disgrace, allevare notas, Tac. Hist. 1, 
§2: to 7. a sense of injury by compli- 
mentary expressions, honorificis verbis 
injurias revellere, Cic. Att. 5, 20, ad init. 
[J]. Intrans.: 1, migro, 1: he 

had already r.d, jam ante migrarat, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 36, 89: the needy Romans ought 
long ago to have r.d, debuerant olim 
tenues migrasse Quirites, Juv. 3, 163: 
their relatives often r.d to Rome, Romam 
frequenter migratum est a propinquis, 
DAvs f, 11: 9, transmigro, « (rare): 
a city to which we may r., urbs quo 
transmigremus, Liv. 5, 54: & r. from 
the Carinae to the gardens on the Esqui- 
line, e Carinis Esquilias in hortos L, Suet. 
Tib. 15. § Gmigro, 1: tor. from that 
house, e. ex illa domo, Cic. Verr. §, 12, 
Fohigh 4, commigro, I (prop. & r. 
in a body, or with all one’s effects): he 
r.d to Rome, Romam commigravit, Liv. 


REMUNERATE 


I, 34, ad init.: you will r. into your 
own house, in tuam (sc. domum) com- 
migrabis, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 7. 5, dé- 
migro, 1: v. GO AWAY, DEPART. 6. 
expr. by a verb and re/l. pron.: movere 
se, Liv. 34, 20; removere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 
16; commovere, Cic. Fam. 9, 5: these 
are foll. like the preced. verbs by the 
abl. with or without e, and the acc. of 
the place to which the person r.s: some- 
times also amovere se, V. RETIRE, WITH- 
DRAW. 
remunerate : réminéror, 1: v. TO 
RECOMPENS®, REWARD. 
remuneration : 
EECOMPENSE, REWARD 
remurmur;: rémurmiro, 1: the 
breakers r., fracta remurmurat unda, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 291. 
renard: vulpes, is, f.: v. Fox. 
rencounter (v.):  occurro, 
cursum, 3: V. ENCOUNTER. 
—— (subs.): occursus, 
COUNTER. 
rend: 1, rumpo, riipi, ruptum, 3 
(to burst, force open): to r. one's gar- 
ments, r. vestes, Ov. M. 6, 131: to r. the 
mountain, r.montem, Juv. 10,153: (they 
say that) the inflated vesicles are rent, 
inflatas rumpi vesiculas, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 
33: the force of the wind cannot r. the 
clouds, non quit vis ventir.nubem, Lucr. 
6, 432: tor. asunder the ties of brother- 
hood, fraternum r. fuedus, Hor. Ep. 1, 
3. 35. 2. abrumpo, ripi, ruptum, 3 
(mostly poet. : once in Cic. fig.): light- 
ning from the rent clouds, abruptis nu- 
bibus ignes, Virg. Aen. 3, 199: to 7. 
open the veins, venas a., Tac. A. 16, 9. 
3, disrumpo, ripi, ruptum, 3 (to 
breale to pieces, or asunder): to part 
and r. a cloud, dividere et d. nubem, 
Cic. Div. 2, ty, 44: the bonds of human 
society must be rent asunder, disrumpi 
necesse est humani generis societatem, 
id. Off. 3,5, 21. 4, scindo, scidi, scis- 
sum,3:v. TEAR. §, findo, fidi, fissum, 
3: V. CLEAVE, SPLIT. 
render: |. To give back, give, 
grant, perform: |, reddo, didi, ditum, 
3 (to give back): to r. an account, r. ra- 
tionem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 38: v. RETURN. 
2. tribuo, ui, titum, 3 (to assign): 
to r. every man his own, t. suum cuique, 
Cic. Off. 1, 5, 14: to r. services to any 
one, t. beneticia alicui, Nep. Att. 11, 6: 
to r. honour to, t. honorem, Cic. Fin. 3, 
22,73: Vv. PAY, pO. Phr.: to r.an ac- 
count, rationes referre, Caes. B. C. 2, 20, 
ad fin.: tor. like for lile, par pari (al. 
pro pari) referre, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55: to 
r. effectual assistance, operam studium- 
que navare, Cic. Fam. 15, 12,2: to r. a 
service to a friend, amico operam dare, 
Pl. Merc. 2, 2, 17: to 7. a service to the 
state, praebere operam reipublicae, Liv. 
5, 4, ad init.: to r. honour to any one, 
habere honorem alicui, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 
2: tor. due honour to a father, honorem 
debitum patri praestare, id. Phil. 9, 5 
12. |]. Zo make, cause to be: 1 
reddo, didi, ditum, 3: to 7. the roads 
dangerous for him, yr. itinera infesta, 
“aes. B. C. 3, 19: avarice 7.s them blind, 
Ipsos caecus reddit cupiditas, Cic. Rosc. 
Am. 35, 191: he rd the language of 
oratory soft and refined, orationem mol- 
lem teneramque reddidit, id. Brut. 9, 38. 
Q. faciv, féci, factum, 3: to 7. the 
taxes inferior, vectigalia deterfora f., 
Caes. B. G. 1, 36: to r. anybody’s mind 
doubtful, f. alicujus animum dubium, 
Cic. Manil. 10, 27: v. MAKE. 8, effi- 
cio, feci, fectum, 3: the Euphrates r.s 
Mesopotamia ‘ertile, Mesopotamiam fer- 
tilem efficit Euphrates, Cic. N. D. 2, §2, 
130. 4, rédigo, gi, actum, 3 (prop. 
to reduce, hence constr. usu. with ad: 
in Caes. it is a syn. of reddere): to r. 
easy instead of very difficult, facilia ex 
difficillinis r., Caes. B. G. 2, 29: to r. 
anything previously doubtful sure, r. 
aliquid ante dubium ad certum, Liv. 
44, 15. lo r. a victory fruitless, r. vic- 
toriam ad vanum et irritum, id. 26, 37. 
5, freq. expr. by vbs. derived from 
adjs.; as, to r. fertile (= fertilise), lae- 
tifico ae r. strung (= strengthen), con- 
JO 





rémunératio: v. 


curri, 


us: v. EN- 


’ 





RENEW 


RENT 





firmo: to r. weak (= weaken), débilito, | a war, reparare bellum, Just. 4, 5: to 7. 


etc. lll. To translate, verto, ti, sum, 
3: V. TRANSLATE. 

render up: dédo, didi, ditum, 3: v. 
SURRENDER. 

rendering: |. The act of giving 
or assigning: redditio: the r. of a rea- 
son, r. rationis, Aug. C. D. 21, 7. Il. 
conversio: v. TRANSLATION, 

rendezvous; perh. *locus ad conve- 
niendum dictus (Kr., after Liv.): expr. 
more usu. by a phr.: he appointed them 
a r., diem locumque ubi praesto fuerint 
praedixit, Sall. J. 75: to meet at a r., in 
locum ambobus placitum convenire, id. 
ib. 81, init.: Macedonia was a r. for 
Sugitive slaves, servis fugientibus recep- 
taculum Macedonia erat, Liv. 41, 23, ad 
init. : V. MEETING-PLACE. 

rending (subs.) : 1, diruptio (the 
act of forcing asunder): the r. of great 
bodies (e. g. the clouds), magnorum cor- 
porum d., Sen. N. Q. 2, 15. 9. dis- 
tractio (a pulling apart, severing): the 
r. asunder of body and soul, d. animae 
corporisque, Sen. Ep. 30, 14: Cic. Se 
discidium (freq. in Lucr.): the r. of the 
cloud, a. nubis. Lucr. 6, 293. Join: 
distractio, d., Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 68. 4, dis- 
cisstira: Ambros. 5, divulsio: Hier. 

6, lacératio or laniatus, is: v. MAN- 

GLING. (N.B. scissus, ts, occurs only 
in Gloss. Phil.: the adv. scissim, by r., 
in Prud.) 

renegade: |. An apostate: apo- 
stata, Eccl.: v. APOSTATE. Phr.: a 
r., *qui deserit sacra sua, (Kr.). ll. 


A deserter: transfiga: v. DESERTER, 
TRAITOR. 
renew: |. To make new again: 


1, réndvo, 1: to r. the old colonies, 
r. veteres colonias, Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 34: 
esp. as theol. ¢. t.: to be r.’d unto repent- 
ance, renovari ad poenitentiam, Vulg. 
Heb. vi. 6. (N.B. rénévello in Col. = to 
plant a vineyard afresh.) 2. novo, 
1: to r. the herd, n. gregem, Stat. Th. 
10, 229: Virg. 3, réfingo, 3: to r. 
their realms of wax, Yr. cerea regna, 
Virg. G. 4,202. 4, inndvo, 1: (rare): 
r.d bodies, innovata corpora, Min. Fel. 
Oct. 11. 5 réformo, 1 (to remould) : 
be ye rd, reformamini, Vulg. Rom. xii. 
2. 6, expr. sometimes in pass. by 
rénascor, natus, 3 (to spring up again) : 
the teeth are r.’d, dentes renascuntur, 
Plin. 11, 37, 64: Cic. Il. To begin 
afresh, enter upon anew: 1, réndvo, 
1: to r. the battle, r. praelium, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 20, extr.: to r. the alliance, r. 
societatem, Liv. 24, 6, ad init.: to r. 
feelings of hatred in the breasts of the 
knights, animos equitum ad odium r., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 199. 2, ndvo, 1 (less 
freq. than comp.): to r. their zeal, n. 
ardorem, Liv. 26, 19 (joined with rursus 
excitare). 3. instauro, 1: to r. the 
massacre, i. caedem, Auct. Dom. 3,6: to 
r. the war, i. novum de integro bellum, 
Liv. 37, 19 (a pleon. expr.): Join: 
i. et renovare, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 4, II. 

4, restauro, 1 (rare): to 7. the war, 
r. bellum, Just. 2, 10, ad init. (al. in- 
staurare): Dig. 5, rédintegro, 1 (to 
r. from the beginning) ; to r. the fight, 
r. praelium, Caes. B. G. 2, 23: tor. the 
peace, r. pacem, Liv. 2, 13, ad fin.: tor. 
the memory, r. memoriam, Cic. Inv. 1, 
52, 99: V. REVIVE. 6, integro, 1 (less 
freq. than comp.): to 7. one’s song, i. 
carmen, Virg. G. 4, 514: Liv. i 
référo, rétuli (rettuli), rélatum, 3 (to 
bring back): to r. an old custom, an- 
tiquum morem r., Suet. Caes, 20, ad init. : 
Join: r. ac renovare; repetere et r., 
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 21, 67 and 68. i 
itéro, 1 (to do a second time): tor. the 
conspiracy, i. conspirationem, Just. 21, 
5: Liv. 9. répéto, ivi or ii, itum, 3 
(to take in hand again): Vv. REPEAT. 

10, réfrico, ui, atum, 1 (to excite 
afresh): to r. their grief by my dis- 
course, eorum dolorem oratione r., Cic. 
de Or. 2, 48, 199. 11. expr. some- 
times by other verbs comp. with re: to 
r. a war (said of a conquered people), 
rebellare: v. REBEL: to 7. the fight, re- 
stituere pugnam, Liv. 3, 60, extr.: to r. 





studies that have been long laid aside, 
studia longo intervallo intermissa revo- 
care, Cic. Tuse. 1, 1, 1: nor does virtue 
care to be r.’a in baser spirits, nec virtus 
curat reponi deterioribus, Hor. Od. 3, 5, 
30. Phr.: tor. one’s strength, recipere 
ex integro vires, Quint. 10, 3, 6: the 
war was rd more fiercely, acrius de 
integro obortum est bellum, Liv. 21, 8, 
ad intt. : the ea: th r.s her changes, mutat 
terra vices, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 3: to 7. a bill, 
perh. *solvendi tempus per syngrapham 
rescriptam differre. 
renewable: expr. by verb: v. pre- 
ced. art. Phr.: a lease r. at pleasure, 
perh. emphyteuticarius or emphyteuti- 
cus contractus, Cod. Just. 4, 66, 1; where 
the holder of such a lease is called em- 
phyteuta: see Dict. Ant. swb voc. 
renewal, renewing: 1, réné- 
vatio: the r. of the universe, r. mundi, 
Cic. N. D, 2, 46,118. (N.B.—The form 
réndvamen, inis, m. occurs in Ov. M. 8, 
729, in the sense of a r. or change of 
jJorm; as dves novatus, is, in Auson. 
Idyll. 14, 39.) 2, instauratio: ther. of 
the games, i. ludorum, Auct. Har. Resp. 
Il, 23: syn. with preced., Liv. 5, 52, 
ad med, : Vv. REPETITION. 3. integra- 
tio (very rare): lovers’ quarrels are the 
r. of love, amantium irae amoris i. est, 
Ter. Andr. 3, 3,23. 4, rédintegratio: 
Macr. 5, restauratio: a 7. of servi- 
tude, r. servitutis, Julian. Dig. 25, 3, 7. 
6, réconciliatio: v. RESTORATION. 
Phr.: to recruit their minds and bodies 
Sor ar. of all their former hardships, 
renovare corpora animosque ad omnia 
de integro patienda, Liv. 21, 21, ad med. : 
the r. of hostilities (on the part of a 
conquered nation), rébellio, id.: Caes, : 
Vv. REBELLION : imstauraticius dies, the 
day for the r. of the games, Macr. S. 
1 10 
renewer: 
RESTORER. 
rennet: coagiilum (a means of curd- 
ling): it curdles milk like r., coaguli 
modo lac contrahit, Plin. 23, 7, 63, init. ; 
Ov.: Varr. 
renounce: 1, rénuntio, r (constr. 
with acc. of the thing, and dat. of the 
pers.: in later writers also with dat. of 
the thing): to r. his hospitality, hospi- 
tium r., Cic, Verr. 2, 36, 89: to 7. any 
one’s alliance and friendship, r. socie- 
tatem et amicitiam alicui, Liv. 36, 3. 
2. ejiro or ejéro, 1 (both in Cic. : 
prop. to r. an oath: hence esp. a f. €. of 
law): to r. one’s fatherland, e, patriam, 
Tac. H. 4, 28: to r. me as partial, me 
iniquum e., Cic. Phil. 12, 7, 18. 3: 
abdico, 1 (constr. with pron. refl. and 
abl. of the thing): to r. not only the 
consulship but frecdom also, non modo 
consulatu sed etiam libertate se a., Cic. 
Phil. 3, 5, 12: Quint.: v. ABDICATE, 
DISOWN. 4. infitior, ©: v. DENY. 
5, répiidio, 1: v. REJECT. 6. 
déficio, feci, fectum, 3 (to stand aloof: 
constr. with ab): to r. the friendship of 
the Roman people, d. ab amicitia P. R., 
Caes. B. G. 5, 3: to r. virtue, d. a vir- 
tute, Cic. Am. I1, 37. 7, rémitto, 
nisi, missum, 3 (to give back): I give it 
up and r. it, id reddo ac r., Cic. Sull. 3e, 
84: to r.a favour, beneficium r., Caes. 
B. C. 2, 32, extr. 
renovate: réndvo, 1: to 7. a temple, 
r. templum, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 61: ve 
RESTORE. Pbhr. to construct the whole 
fabric of r.d material, totum opus ex 
redivivis constituere, id. Verr. 1, 56, 148. 
renovation: restitiitio: v. RESTORA= 
TION. 
renovator: réparator: v. RESTORER, 
renown: fama, gloria: v. FAME, 
GLORY. 
renowned; clarus: v. FAMOUS, CELE 
BRATED. Sometimes expr. by ille: the 
r. Antipater of Sidon, Antipater ille 
Sidonius, Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 194. 
rent (subs.): |, An opening made 
by tearing: scisstira: any Tr. in the side 
of the mail, aliqua ab latere (unguiculi) 
s., Sen N. Q. 6, 2,5: Vv. CLEFT, FISSURE: 
expr. more freq. by a verb: to make a 


instaurator: Amm.: v. 





(2 es 


RENT 


REPAYMENT 


REPEL 


See ee ee EET GEESE 


pants of the land, v. agrorum possessor- 
ibus impositum, Liv. 4, 36: hence ellipt., 
solarium (sc. v.), ground-r., Ulp. Dig. 
43, 8, 2, § 17; locarium (sc. v.), r. patd 
jor the stall of a theatre, Varr. L. L. 5, 
2,7, § 15: rack-r., *quam maximum 
v.: 1r.-day, *dies vectigali pensitando 
praestitutus. 2. merces, dis, f.: the 
7.8 of the farms, mercedes praediorum, 
Cic. Att. 15, 20, ad fin.: to remit a 
year’s house-r. to the tenants, conductor- 
ibus annuam m. habitationis donare, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 21. Dimin. mercédila, 
Cie. Att. 13, II. 3. habitatio (house- 
r.): the expense of house-r., sumptus 
habitationis, Cic. Coel. 7, 17: v. preced. 
art. 4, pensio (payment): the yearly 
r. of common lodging-houses, insularum 
annua p., Suet. Ner. 44: Juv. 5. 
expr. sometimes by réditus, is (income): 
as long as r. is paid to the owner, quam- 
diu pensio sive r. domino praestetur, 
Just. Inst. 3, 24, 3: or by fructus, Us 
(proceeds): the r.3 of the estates, f. prae- 
diorum, Cic. Att. 11, 2: V. REVENUE, IN- 
come. Phr.: topayar. of 1001. a-year, 
centum libris (Anglicis) habitare, after 
Cic. Coel. 7, 17: estates that pay r., praedia 
quae pensitant, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9: to let 
out farms on condition of receiving a 
portion of the produce as 1, locare parti- 
bus praedia, Plin. Ep. 9, 37: @ collector 
of house-7.s, insularius, Pomp. Dig. 50, 
16, 166: r.-roll, *tabulae ubi reditus 
(annui) perscribuntur. 

rent (v.): |. Zo let out: lico, 1: 
V. LET OUT, LEASE. I]. To hire: con- 
diico, xi, ctum, 3: V. HIRE. 

rental: vectigal, alis, n.: v. RENT, 
No. Il. Phr.: to produce a certain 
r., locare se (tanti), Cic. Rosc. Com. 


I0, 28. 
renter ; conductor: v. HIRER. 
renunciation: 1. @juratio (rare): 


the r. of good hope, e. spei bonae, Sen. 
Vit. beat. 26, 5. Q. abidicatio: the r. 
of @ son, a. filii, after Quint. 7, 4, 27: 
Liv.: Vv. ABDICATION, DISOWNING. : 
infitiatio: Cic.: v. DENIAL. 4, répi- 
diatio: v. REJECTION. 5, détrectatio: 
V. REFUSAL. 6. expr. more freq. by 
a verb: v. RENOUNCE. 
re-open: recliido, si, sum, 3 (to open 
awhat is closed): v. OPEN; more pre- 
cisely, iterum, denuo recludere, aperire. 
Phr.: tor. a wound, vulnus rescindere 
(tear open), Plin. Ep. 7, 19, ad jin. ; 
renovare, Ov. ‘'r. 2, 209; refricare, Cic. 
Att. 5, 15: the wounds are r.ing, vul- 
nera recrudescunt, id. Fam. 4, 6, 2 (used 
Jig.) : to r. the eyes after death, lumina 
morte resignare, Virg. Aen. 4, 244 (v. 
Smith, Lat. Dict. sub voc.): the discus- 
sion is r.’d on the following day, (res) 
retractatur postera die, Tac. G. 22. 
repair (v.): A, Trans.: To re- 
store, make good : 1. réficio, féci, 
fectum, 3: to r. the walls and gates, 
Tr. muros ac portas, Liv. 24, 1: to 7. 
ships, r. naves, Caes. B. C. 2,4. Fig.: 
to r. their strength, vr. vires, Liv. 37, 24, 
ad med. Join: r. et reparare, Quint. 
I, 12, 4: r. et recreare, Cic. Plane. 1, 2. 
2. réparo, 1: to r. buildings that 
have fallen into decay from age, aedi- 
ficia vetustate sublapsa in melius r., 
Plin. Ep. 10, 75 (al. restituere), Fig.: 
to r. a loss, r. damnum, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 
13. 3. restituo, ui, itum, 3: to r. 
doors that have been broken into, r. fores 
effractas, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 40: Vv. RESTORE: 
Fig.: it is right that what he has done 
should be r.’d, quod egit restitui aequum 
est, id. Ph. 2, 4, 11: Cic.: v. REDRESS. 
4, sarcio, sarsi, sartum, 4 (to patch 
up, merd): to r. a house, s. aedes, Pl. 
Most. 1, 2, 68 (63): v. MEND. Fig.: to 
r. @ loss, 8. detrimentum, Caes. B. G. 6, 
1: Cic. 5, résarcio, no perf., sartum, 
4: to r. the roofs, r. tecta, Liv. 45, 28, 
ad fin.: Ter. Fig.: to r. a loss, r. 
damnum, Suet. Claud. 6. 6. récon- 
cinno,1: tor. the other places, r. reliqua 


OO 


loca, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 3 (2,4, 2). Fig.: 
to r. a loss, r. detrimentum, Caes. B. C. 
2, 15, extr. (al. reconciliare). 7, re- 
stauro, 1 (rare): to r. the temple of 
Venus, r. templum Veneris, Tac. A. 4, 
43. 8. répono, pdsui, pdsitum, 3 (to 
replace): to r. bridges that have broken 
down from age, ruptos vetustate pontes 
r., Tac. A. 1,63. 9, expleo, évi, étum, 
2 (to fil up: only in fig. sense): v. 
GOOD (TO MAKE). B. intrans.: To 
betake oneself: récipére se: Vv. BETAKE 
ONESELF, GO. Phr.: to r. to hidden 
shores, reparare latentes oras, Hor. Od. 
I, 37, 24 (a rare expr.). 

repair (subs.) : expr. mostly by phr.: 
(i). sartus tectus (7.e. sartus et tectus, 
mended and roofed): to keep the temples 
in good r., sarta tecta aedium tueri, Cic. 
Fam. 13, 11, 1: hence also tueor, tuitus, 
2, is used alone in this sense: the letting 
out of temples to be kept in good r., loca- 
tio aedium sacrarum tuendarum, Liv. 
24, 18: Cic. (N.B.—The foll. fig. use 
of the phr. probably embodies a common 
formula: Curium sartum et tectum, ut 
aiunt, ab omnique incommodo, detri- 
mento, molestia, sincerum integrumque 
conservare, Cic. Fam. 13,50, 2: ef. Verr. 
I, 50, 131.) (il). in bad r.: expr. by 
ruindsus (going to ruin): a house in 
bad r., r. aedes, Cic. Off. 3, 13, 54: or by 
a part.: a house out of r. from age, 
aedes vetustate sublapsa, Plin. Ep. ro, 
15: the expense of a house that ts out 
of r. impensae aedis dilabentis, Sen. Ep. 
12, 1 (¥. RUINOUS, DILAPIDATED): they 
are very troublesome to keep in r., habent 
in refectionibus molestiam magnam, 
Vitr. 6, 3, 2. 

repairer: réfector, Suet. Vesp. 18: 
V. RESTORER. 

repairing (subs.): 1, réfectio: 
the 7. of the highway, r. viae publicae, 
Ulp. Dig. 43, 11, 1: to need r., r. desi- 
derare, Col. 12,3,9. Q, sartiira (patch- 
ing): Col. 4, 26. 8, expr. more freq. 
by verbs: v. TO REPAIR. 

reparation: |, The act of re- 
pairing : réfectio: v. preced. art. ll. 
Amends: satisfactio: v. AMENDS, RE- 
DRESS. 

repartee: expr. by phr.: in dispu- 
tation he showed a talent for rather pun- 
gent and ill-natured r., in altercando 
cum aliquo aculeo et maledicto facetus, 
Cic. Brut. 47, 173: to utter a brilliant 
r., perh. acute arguteque respondere, 
after Cic. Coel. 8, 19: v. ANSWER. 

repass: A. Intrans.- nearest 
word rédeo, ii, itum, 4 (sometimes with 
viam as homogeneous acc.): he passes 
and r.s along the road, itque r.que viam, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 122: Cic. RB) Lrane: 
rémetior, mensus, 4 (to pass or travel 
over again): they will come after r.ing 
the sea, pelago remenso aderunt, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 181: perh. also in poet. itéro, 1, 
may be used; cf. Hor. Od. 1, 34, 43 
I, 7, 32. 

repast: cibus: v. FOOD, MEAL. 

repay: 1, rép6no, pédsui, positum, 
3: I will r. you the money within the 
next three or four days, numos tibi re- 
ponam in hoc triduo vel quatriduo, Pl. 
Pers. 1, 1, 38: Hor. Fig.: am I never 
to7. them ? nunquamne reponam? Juv. 
etic: 9, référo, rétili (rettuli), 
rélatum, 3: to 7. the money, r. argentum, 
Pl. Ps. 2, 2, 29. Fig. to r. like for 
like, par pari r., Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55: to 
r. any one with thanks, gratiam alicui 
r., Cic.: V..TO RETURN, REQUITE. 3: 
retribuo, ui, itum, 3: to r. the money, r. 
numos, Liv. 2,41: Cic. 4, réniiméro, 
1: to r. the gold, aurum r., Pl. Bac. 1, I, 
12. 5, solvo, vi, sdlitum, 3 (to pay): 
to r. the dowry to the mother, s. dotem 
matri, Pap. Dig 23,4,26. 6, répendo, 
di, sum, 3: to r. (recompense) hand- 
somely, magna r., Virg. Aen. 2, 161. 

7, penso, I: Vv. REQUITE. 8, ré- 

miinéror, I: V. RECOMPENSE, REWARD. 

repayment: 1, sdlitio (payment): 
the r. of things held in trust, s. rerum 
creditarum, Cic. Off. 2, 8. oF 
Télatio (requital): the r.of a faci r 
gratiae, Sen. Ben. 5, 11, I. 3. rémi- 


nératio: v. RECOMPENSE. 4, expr. 
more freq. by verb: v. preced. art. 
repeal (v.): 1, expr. by abrdgo, 
1 (to r. a law entirely) ; dérdgo, 1 (tor. 
it partially) ; or obrdgo, | (to amend it 
partially by a new law): it is not right 
to alter any part of this lai ty a new 
one, nor may we r. any portion of tt, 
nor canit ber.’d as a whole, buic legi 
neque obrogari fas est, neque derogari 
ex hac aliquid licet, neque tota abrogari 
potest, Cic. Rep. 3, 22. 2. rescindo, 
scidi, scissum, 3: tor. some of his enact- 
ments, quaedam (a se) constituta r., Cic. 
Att. 6, 1, ad init.: v. RESCIND. hs 
tollo, 3: v. ANNUL, ABOLISH. 
repeal (subs.): 1, expr. by abrié- 
gatio, Cic. Att. 3, 22; dérdgaiio, or ob- 
rogatio, Auct. Her. 2, 10, 15 (for the 
distinction of these v. preced. art.). 
2. rescissio: the r. of a former 
decree, r. prioris decreti, Callist. Dig. 50, 
9, 5+ 
repeat: |. To do again: L 
itéro, 1: when words are doubled or 
rd, cum duplicantur iteraniurque 
verba, Cic. Or. 39, 135. 2. répéto, 
ivi or ii, itum, 3 (not in Cic. in this 
sense): there is no need to r. what was 
said about the change of letters, de mu- 
tatione literarum nibil r. necesse, Quint. 
I, 7, 13: Lucr. 3. gémino, 1 (to 
double): a r.’d consulship, geminatus 
consulatus, Tac. A. 1, 3: Ov. 4. in- 
gémino, 1 (syn. of preced.) : V. REDOUBLE, 
RE-ECHO. 5, rénévo, 1: Vv. BENEW. 
||. To say over again: 1, itéro, 
1: tor. what he said, quod dixit i., Cic. 
Or. 40, 137: to r. my achievements, i. 
mea facta, Pl. Cas. 5, 2, 5- 2. reddo, 
didi, ditum, 3: to r. word for word 
without written notes, sine scripto iisdem 
verbis r., Cic. Brut. 88, jzo1: the boy rs 
his lesson to his master, puer reddit 
dictata magistro, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14. 
3. décanto, 1 (to harp upon ; quote 
repeatedly): to r. hackneyed maxims, 
pervulgata praecepta d., Cic. de Or. 2, 
18, 75: Hor. 4, réndvo, 1: & r. 
what I said at the outset, illud quod 
initio dixi r., Cic. Agr. 2, 10, 24: Liv. 
5, révolvo, vi, volitum, 3 (referring 
to the mode of opening a scroll by 
rolling it back): to r. passages already 
recited, loca jam recitata r., Hor. Ep. 
2, I, 223: Quint. 6, récito, 1 (rare: 
to r. from memory): Mart. 9, 83, 4. 
Phr.: tor. the letters backwards, rursus 
literas retroagere, Quint. I, 1, 25: Wr. 
a speech word for word, redintegrare 
orationem, Auct. Her. 2, 30, 47: to rT. 
our fathers’ maxims, dicta reponere 
paterna, Pers. 6, 66: to r. volumes by 
heart, volumina repraesentare, Plin. 7, 
24, 24: to r. every particwar, singula 
retexere, App. M. 9, p. 224. 
repeatedly : 1, identidem: he 
was wont to ask r., i. quaerere solebat, 
Cic. Rose. Am. 30, 84: Caes. B. G. 2, 19. 
9, expr. by iterum atque iterum, 
Hor. S. 1, 10, 39; iterum ac (et) saepius, 
Cic. Manil. 11, 30; etiam atque etiam, 
Liv. 22, 13; rursus .... et rursus, Val. 
Fl. 3, 596: v. AGAIN. 3, saeptnii- 
méro: Vv. OFTEN. 4, saepius (comp. : 
several times): to attack the king r. 
regem s. repetere, Liv. 4,19. 5, expr. 
by frequent. verbs: to assert r., dictito: 
to cry out r., clamito; etc. (Pl. bas 
resecro, 1, to implore r.: Val. FL has 
reclamo, 1, to call out r.) 
repeater : |. One who repeats: 
expr. by verbs: qui iterat, reddit (ali- 
quid). |]. A watch: *horologium 
sonis tempus indicans (Kr.). 
repeating: Phr.: r. echo, repara- 
bilis echo, poet. in Pers. 1, 102. 
repel: 1, répello, répali (rep- 
pili), répulsum, 3: fo r. unarmed men 
by force of arms, ¥. inermes homines 
armis, Cic. Caecin. 12, 33: to r. force by 
force, r. vim vi, id. Sest. 17, 39: tor. 
and pursue the foe, r. et persequi bostem, 
Caes. B. ©. 2, 8 Fig.: @ r. an accu- 
sation, r. crimen, Quint. 4, 2, 26. -¥ 
respuo, ui, 3 (to spit out: a strong 
expr.) : light passes through horn, 
but water is r.’d, lumen 3 cornum 
71 


REPENT 


REPORT 





transit, at imber respuitur, Lucr. 2, 389: 
@ stone which r.s iron, lapis qui ferrum 
abizit respuitque, Plin. 36, 16, 25, extr. 
Fig.: v. REJECT. 3, propulso, 1 (by 
repeated or continued action): to r. 
the enemy, p. bostem, Caes. B. G. 1, 49. 
Fig.: tu? a suspicion, p. suspicionem 
a se, Cic. Verr. 3, 60, 140. Also, pro- 
pello,3: v.DRIVEAWAY. 4, aspernor, 
I: V. SHUN. 

repent: 1, poenitet, uit, 2 (im- 
pers.: constr. with acc. of the pers., and 
gen. of the cause of repentance: some- 
times also with neut. pron., inf., or a 
clause: very rarely, and in infin. only, 
it is used pers.: v. Lat. Gram. § 241: it 
implies dissatisfaction, and has a wider 
acceptation than our word r.; cf. Gell. 
17, 1): they who have not lived as they 
ought r. most of all at that time, eos 
qui secus quam decuit vixerunt tum 
maxime poenitet, Cic. Div. 1, 30, 63: it 
is the characteristic of a wise man to 
do mthing he may r. of, sapientis est 
proprium nihil quod p. possit facere, id. 
Tusc. 5, 28, 81: he says he rs of 
wounding your feelings, ait se p. quod 
animum tuum offenderit, id. Att. 11, 13: 
words not to be r,’d of, dicta non poeni- 
tenda, Gell. 1, 3: I do not r. this match, 
me haec conditio non poenitet, Pl. Stich. 
I, I, 52. Suppoenitet, 2 (to r. a little): 
he r.s a little of his madmess, illum furoris 
s., Cic. Att.7,14,1. 2, piget, uit and 
pigitum est, 2 (rare in this sense: very 
rarely with pers. subj.): to do a thing 
we may Tr. of, facere quod nos pigeat, 
Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 21: cf. id. Heaut. prol. 
19: he began to r. of the deed, p. eum 
facti coepit, Just. 12, 6. Phr.: to 7., 
in poenitentiam verti, id. ib.; poeniten- 
tiam agere, Quint. 9, 3, 12: Vulg.: the 
king r.s too late, sera poenitentia subit 
regem, Curt. 3, 2, 19. 

repentance: 1, poenitentia (not 
in Cic.): (he said) that r. follows quickly, 
yet too late and in vain, celerem p. 
sequi sed eandem seram atque inutilem, 
Liv. 31, 32: to find no place of r., nul- 
lum invenire poenitentiae locum, Vulg. 
Heb. xii. 16. Q, expr. more freq. by 
the verb: to reform our jaults by r., 
corrigere errorem poenitendo, Cic. Acad. 
fragm. in Lact. 6, 24: so deep was his r., 
tanta fuit vis poenitendi, id. Tusc. 4, 37, 
99: to go to such lengths that there was 
no room left them jor r., eo procedere 
unde receptum ad poenitendum non 
haberent, Liv. 42, 13. 3. poenitudo 
(obsol.) : Pac. 4, résipiscentia (late 
and rare): Lact. 

repentant: poenitens (prop. a 
part.: rare): the best refuge for a r. 
man is a change of plan, optimus est 
portus poenitenti mutatio consilii, Cic. 
Phil. 12, 2,7. (More freq. expr. by rel. 
clause; is quem poenitet, etc.) 

repentantly : poenitenter: Min. Fel. 
Oci. 26,1. (Better expr. by phr., cum 
[vera] poenitentia; non sine vero pecca- 
torum dolore, etc.) 

repeople: suppleo, Evi, etum, 2 (fo 
replenish): to 7. an empty city, inania 
moenia s., Ov. M. 7, 628: v. REPLENISH, 
PEOPLE. 

repercussion ; répercussus, Us: v. 
REV ERBERATION. 

repertory ; nearest word perh. thé- 
saurus (store-house): he is my r. (of 
useful information), ille mihi t. est, Plin. 
Ep. 1, 22: Cic. Part. Or. 31, 109: Vv. RE- 
POSITORY, STORE. (N.B.—répértorium 
in the Dig. is an inventory.) 

repetition: |. Zhe act of doing 
anything over again : 1, itératio: 
the r. of words, i. verborum, Cic. Or, 
25, 85: frequent r., multa i., Quint. Io, 
I, 19; crebra, id. 11, 2, 35 (here al. rei- 
teratio). 9, répétitio: the rather 
Frequent r. of the same noun, frequen- 
tior ejusdem nominis r., Quint. 9, 1, 24. 

8. géminatio (a doubling): the r. 
of words is forcible, g. verborum habet 
vim, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206. 4, assid- 
uitas (continual recurrence): the r. of 
the same letter, ejusdem literae a., Auct. 
Her. 4, 12, 18: Suet. 5, retractatio 
(r. of be same idea): Quint. 9, 3, 36. 
12 











G, rémissio: the r. of the games, 


r. ludorum, Petr. 60, 5. 7, redinte- 
gratio: Macr.: v. RENEWAL. Le As 
a rhet. t.t.: expr. by répétitio (the r. of 
the same word at the beginning of 
several sentences), Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206: 
conversio (the 7. uf the same word at 
the end of several clauses), id. ib.: com- 
plexio (a combination of the foregoing, 
where several sentences begin and end 
with the same word or words), Auct. 
Her. 4, 14, 20: adjectio (a gen. term, in- 
cluding several kinds of r.), Quint. 9, 3, 
28: conduplicatio (the r. of a word or 
words, with amplification), Auct. Her. 
4, 28, 38: traductio (the r. of a word in 
various suitable positions), id. 4, 14, 20: 
regressio (the 7. of two or more words in 
separate clauses), Quint. 9, 3, 35- 

repine; conquéror, questus, 3: V. 
COMPLAIN. 

repining: quéréla: v. COMPLAINT. 

replace: |. Zo put back into its 
place : 1. répono, posui, positum, 3: 
to r. the broken bones, ossa in suam 
sedem r., Cels. 8, 10, 7, ad init.: to Tr. 
four pillars, r. quattuor columnas, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 56, 147. 9. restituo, ui, 
litum, 3: to rv, statues thut had been 
thrown down, r. statuas disjectas, Suet. 
Cal. 34: Cic.: v. RESTORE. ||. Zo put 
one thing in the place of another : sub- 
stituo, ui, itum, 3: Vv. SUBSTITUTE. 
Phr.: to r. what is lost, quae amissa 
sunt administrare et reficere, Caes. B. C. 
2, 15: the son rd his father, filius 
patri suffectus est, Tac. A. 4. 16: who 
r.d me by a new judge? quis in meum 
locum judicem subdidit? Auct. Dom. 
32, 85. 

replant: 1, réséro, sévi, 3: Col. 
4583; 03 0 Var. 9. réndvello, 1: to 
r. a vineyard, vineam r., Col. Arb. 6, 
ad init. 

replenish : repleo, évi, étum, 2: to 
r. the bowl, cratera r., Ov. M. 8, 679: 
Cic.: Vv. FILL UP or AGAIN. 

replete; replétus (prop. a part.) ; 
plenus: v. FULL. 

repletion: satiétas: Cic.: v. SA- 
TIETY, FULNESS. 

replevin: *replegiamertum: v. foll. 
art. 


replevy: *replegio, 1 (a ¢.t. im law: 
v. Ducange, s. v.): or better, *cautione 
interposita repetere, recuperare (ali- 
quid). 

reply (v.): respondeo, 2: v. ANSWER. 

reply (subs.): responsum: v. ANSWER. 

report (v.): 1, référo, réttili (ret- 
tiili), rélatum, 3 (constr. with ad and 
acc. of the pers., less freq. dat. ; with acc. 
and inf., or absol.: also impers. pass.) : 
these answers having been r.’d to Caesar, 
his responsis ad Caesarem relatis, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 35: they r. that there is there a 


Sorest of vast extent, referunt silvam 


esse ibi infinita magnitudine, id. ib. 6, 
10: often one thing is said and another 
r.d to us, saepe aliter est dictum, aliter 
ad nos relatum, Cic. Brut. 57, 208. Esp. 
of a report made to an official body: (the 
subject is then expr. by de and abl. ; less 
freq. by acc., or nom. in pass.; or by a 
relat.clause): tor. anything to the senate, 
r. aliquid ad senatum: Vv. TO LAY BEFORE. 

2. rénuntio, 1 (constr. like the pre- 
ced.): this was suid to the ambassadors 
and rd to the council, haec dicta legatis 
renuntiataque in concilium, Liv. 29, 3: 
it was r.’d that the ascent was easy, renun- 
tiatum est ascensum esse facilem, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 21. Esp. in phr.: to r. officially 
the election of a candidate for the con- 
sulship, praetorship, etc., r. consulem, 
praetorem, Cic.: Caes. 8, nuntio, 1 
(syn. of preced,: the readings often vary 
between the two: e.g. Caes. B. G. 4, 32): 
Vv. ANNOUNCE, INFORM. 4, déféro, tili, 
latum, 3 (constr. like refero: to lay in- 


Jormation before any one): he r.s to a 


diviner that he had dreamed a dream, 
defert ad conjectorem somniasse se, Cic. 
Div. 2, 65, 134: they added that the 
number of the cavalry was incorrectly 
rd, addiderunt falsum equitum nu- 
merum deferri, Caes. B. C. 3, 59, extr. 

5, afféro, attili. allatum, 3 (constr. 








REPORT 


like preced.): the scouts r.’d that every- 
thing was quiet, attulerunt exploratores 
quieta omnia esse, Liv. 8, 17: Cic. : Caes. 
6. pertéro, tili, latum, 3 (constr. 
like preced.): it is r.’d to me that your 
endurance is beyond belief, perfertur ad 
me incredibilem tuam fortitudinem esse, 
Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 1: Caes. 7. féro, tuali, 
latum, 3 (constr. like preced.: esp. freq. 
in the third pers., and pass.): he is r.d 
to have Icilled the king, regem interemisse 
fertur, Cic. Rep. 2, 2, ewtr.: v. SAY. 
8, perhibeo, 2: they are r.'d to have 
been the messengers of victory, victoriae 
nuntii esse perhibentur, Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 
28: Vv. RELATE. 9. propono, podsui, 
positum, 3 (constr. with acc. or de): v. 
STATE, SET FORTH. 10. rumifico, 1 
(not class.):; Pl. Phr.: they r.’d that 
30,000 arrows had been shot into the fort, 
milia sagittarum xxx. in castellum con- 
jecta (Caesari) renumeraverunt, Caes. 
B.C. 3, 53: Iwill r. my movements to 
you, faciam te certiorem quid egerim. 
Cic. Att. 3, 11: it was 7rd that, nun- 
tius allatus est; also simply, allatum 
est (= intelligence was brought): v. 
TIDINGS, 
report (subs.): |. Rumour: 1. 
fama (with de or depend. clause; rarely 
with objective gen. ): the r. of his death 
spread abroad, f. de interitu ejus per- 
agravit, Cic. Mil. 35, 98: that r. had 
spread through the city, f. ea urbem 
pervaserat, Liv. 5, 7, ad med.: ther. had 
spread through the whole world, f. per 
orbem terrarum percrebuisset, Caes. B.C. 
3, 43: the r. spreads gradually, f. serpit, 
Plin. Ep. 9, 33: the r. spreads widely, ea 
f. vagatur, Virg. Aen. 2, 17: @ sad r. 
spreads, tristis f. manat, Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 
15: tocirculate ar., f. dissipare, id. ib.: @ 
r. was circulated, f. distulit (aliquid esse), 
Suet. Caes. 33: there is @ more common 
r. (tradition), vulgatior fama est, Liv. 
1, 7, ad init.: the r. ts current, f. ob- 
tinet, id. 21, 46, extr. : tenet, id. 38, 13: 
to hear anything by r., fama aliquid ac- 
cipere, Caes. B. G. 6, 20: 7. said that 
you were in Syria, f. nuntiabat te esse 
in Syria, Cic. Fam. 12, 4,2: whithersoever 
the r. of the enemy’s presence led him, 
quocumque f. hostium ducebat, Liv. 5, 
17: Join: rumor ac f., Caes. B. G. 6, 
20; f. et auditio, Cic. N. D. 2, 34, 953 f. 
atque sermo, id. Fl. 6,13. (N.B—F. is 
freq. personified, as in Virg. Aen. 4, 173.) 
9. rumor (unauthenticated r. : 
constr. like preced.): to spread a r., r. 
dispergere, Tac. H. 2, 96; serere, Virg. 
12, 228: ar. spreads gradually, r. serpit, 
Cic. Mur. 21, 45; manat, Hor. S. 2, 6, 50: 
there is a general r., r. calet, Caelius in 
Cic. Fam, 8, 1, 2: some r. or other had 
whispered that there was a scanty at- 
tendance, rumoris nescio quid afflaverat 
frequentiam non esse, Cic. Att. 16, 5, 1: 
r. gives birth to many statements, multa 
r. perfert, id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; affingit, Caes. 
B. ©. 1, 53: unauthenticated r.s, r. sine 
anctore, Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 1: uncertain 
r.s arrived about his safety, de vita ejus 
dubii r. allati sunt, Liv. 28, 24: to be af 
the mercy of uncertain 7.s, incertis ru- 
moribus servire, Caes. B. G. 4, 5. js 
sermo, Onis, m. (common talk): to spread 
r.s, 8. dissipare, Cic. Verr. Act. 2,1, 6, 17: 
a wide-spread r., disseminatus disper- 
susque s., id. Planc. 23, 56: if 7.s of that 
kind have reached you, si istiusmodi s. 
ad te delati sunt, id. Fam. 3, 8, 5: the 
news occasioned various 7.s, nuntii varios 
s. excitarunt, id. 8, 10, 2: v. TALK. 4. 
auditio (hearsay): false 7.s, fictae a., 
Cic. Plane. 23, 56: not even the faintest 
ry. ne tenuissima quidem a., Caelius in 
Cic. Fam, 8; 1, 2: 5, auditus, us: 
Tac.H. 1,76. 6, opinio: a r. reached 
the barbarians, 0. ad barbaros perlata 
est, Caes. B. G. 2, 35: Just. 7, fragor 
(very rare and poet.): Val. Fl. 1, 753 
Phr.: it was important to ciiculate a@ 
r. that he had been poisoned, pertinuit 
differri tanquam veneno interceptus 
esset, Tac. A. 3, 12: v. preced. art. 
II. Officia? statement: j{, rénun- 
uatio (esp. of a declaration of election) = 
ar. taken from the public archives, T. ex 








REPORTER 





REPROACH 


REPROACH 





literis publicis, Cic. Verr. 3, 39,89. 2. 
acta, orum, n. pl. (a r. of transactions) : 
law 7.s, a. forensia, Scaev. in Pand. 26, 8, 
21: Cic. 8, rélatus, tis: to refuse to 
make ar. on any matter, r. abnuere de 
aliqua re, Tac. A. 15, 22. 4, rélatio 
(esp. the formal laying of a matter 
before the Senate): Cic. 5, literae, 
arum, f. pl.: v. DOCUMENT. Ml Re- 
putation: fama: v. REPUTATION. Phr.: 
to have a good, evil r., bene, male audire, 
Cic. |V, A loud, sudden noise; perh. 
fragor, crépitus: more vaguely, sénitus, 
tis: V. CRASH, NOISE. 

reporter : notarius (a shorthand r.): 
red 7.8 who take down a case, causam 
excipientes in quaestum n., Quint. 7, 2, 


24: Plin. Ep. 
repose (v.): A, Trans.: tocause 
torest or depend upon: 1, pono, posui, 


positum, 3 (constr. with ace. and abl. 
after in): tor. all their hopes of safety 
in valour, spem omnem salutis in vir- 
a p., Caes. B. G. 5, 34: v. PUT. ; 2: 
répono, pdsui, pdsitum, 3 (syn. of pre- 
ced.): ae B.C. 24ts (Phin tow: 
confidence in, fidem (alicui) habere, Cic. 
Div. 2; 59, 122: v. TRUST. B. Iin- 
trans.: |. 0 rely upon: expr. by 
the preced. verbs, which however are 
trans., and must have an object supplied : 
how greatly Ir. in your wisdom and 
e€, quantum ego in consilio et 
prudentia tua pono, Cic. Att. 2, 23. ad 
jin. ‘|. To take rest: quiesco, quiévi, 
quiétum, 3: v. TO REST. 
repose (subs.): quies, étis, 7. (no pl, 
or dat. sing.); also, réquies, tis and éi: 
Vv. REST. 
repository : 1. thésaurus: v. 
TREASURY. 2. répdsitorium (repos- 
torium: a cabinet): a more private r., 
sanctins r.,Cap.M. Ant.17,4. 3, _ré- 
ceptactium: v.STORE-HOUSE, MAGAZINE. 
reprehend: repréhendo, 3; viti- 
péro, 1; corripio, 3 (to rebuke sharply) : 
Vv. TO BLAME. 
reprehensible: vitupérabilis: v. 
BLAMEABLE. 
reprehension: réprelensio: viti- 
pératio: v. BLAME. 
represent: |. Topourtray: 1, 
repraesento, 1: to 7. the images of ab- 
sent objects to the mind, r. imagines 
rerum absentium animo, Quint. 6, 2, 29: 
to r. the virtue of Cato, r. virtutem Ca- 
tonis, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 14: Niceratus rd 
Alcibiades (in a play), Niceratus reprae- 
sentavit Alcibiadem, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 88: 
stage players r. grief, artifices scenici 
repraesentant tristitiam, Sen. Ep. «1, 7. 
Q. imitor, 1: to ». deep anguish by 
the pencil, summum luctum penicillo i., 
Cic. Or. 22, 74: to r. the misfortunes of 
heroes by oratory, heroum casus i. di- 
cendo, id. de Or. 2, 47, 194: to r. poems 
by acting, i. carmina, Liv. 7,2, Join: 
exprimere et i, Hor. A. P. 33. 8, ex- 
primo, pressi, pressum, 3 (to delineate) : 
to r. the figure of a man, e. hominis 
imaginem, Plin. 35, 12, 44: to r. this 
Scene in verse, hance speciem e. versibus, 
Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79: Quint.: v. EXPRESS, 
DESCRIBE. 4, simiilo, r (mostly poet.): 
to r. @ cypress, cupressum s., Hor. A. P. 
20: with acc. and inf. in Ov. M. 6, 80. 
5, fingo, finxi, fictum, 3 (to form, 
delineate): to r. a consummate orator, 
summum oratorem f., Cic.Or. 2,7. 6, 
facio, feci, factum, 3: Vv. TO MAKE 
(A. VIL). 7, expr. by verbs which 
denote the special art by which an object 
is r.’d: as, tor. (by painting), pingere ; 
V. PAINT: (in sculpture), sculpo; v. TO 


SCULPTURE. Phr.: an image of the god- | f. 


dess which did not r. her under a human 
form, simulacrum deae non effigie bu- 
mana, Tac. H. 2, 3: not only his form 
and countenance but also his honour 
and glory is r/d, non modo species 
et vultus sed honor etiam et gloria 
refertur, Plin. Ep. 2, 7, extr.: to r. the 
Cyclops by dancing, saltare Cyclopa, Hor. 
S. 1, 5,63: a play of Afranius was rd, 
inducta est Afranii (fabula), Suet. Ner. 
11: @ play which is intended to be r.’d 
a second time, fabula quae vult reponi, 
Hor. A. P. 190: to r. persons as talcing 





part in an imaginary dialogue, fictam 
orationem personis induere, Quint. 4, 1, 
28. = ||. To stand in the place of another : 
best expr. by phr.: the magistrate r.s 
the state, magistratus gerit personam 
civitatis, Cic. Off. 1, 34, 124: there ts no 
one who 7.8 the deceased more directly, 
nulla est persona quae ad vicem (ejus) 
propius accedat, id. Leg. 2, 19, 48: under 
pretence of r.ing another person, per 
speciem alienae tungendae vicis, Liv. 1, 
41: Aeneas, who will r. your name, 
Aeneas qui te nomine reddet, Virg. Aen. 
6, 768. Ill. Zo point out: prdpono, 
posui, positum, 3: to r. the wishes of the 
senate, p. voluntatein senatus, Caes. B.C. 
I, 3}: V. STATE, POINT OUT. 

representation : |. The act of 
representing : repraesentatioc: a lengthy 
r., diutina r., Gell. 10, 3, ad med.: (of a 
description in words; in the same cap. 
he has “ totius rei sub oculos subjectio’’) : 
V. DESCRIPTION: Of a play, Vv. PER- 
FORMANCE: but more freq. expr. by a 
verb. I]. A statement: Editio: con- 
Jlicting rs, discrepans e., Liv. 4, 23: 
V. STATEMENT. Ill. Likeness, deli- 
neation: Imago, inis, f.: Vv. LIKENESS. 

IV. In polit. sense: Phr.: there 

was no popular r., *nulli delegabantur 
qui civiuin suorum personam gererent ; 
qui civium suorum voluntatem in 
summo reipublicae proponerent, de- 
clararent, 

representative (subs.) : 1, vi- 
carius: the r. of another man’s rights, 
v. alieni juris, Cic. Caecin. 20, 57 (q. v.): 
V. SUBSTITUTE, DEPUTY. 2, procirator: 
Cic.: v. AGENT. 8. auctor: the r. of 
the senate, a. senatus, Cic, Phil. 9, 3, 7: 
cf. de Or. 2, 47, 194. 

representative (adj.): a r. yovern- 
ment, *respublica (forma reipublicae) 
in qua penes viros quosdam populi 
suffragiis delectos summa rerum est: 
v. preced. art. 

repress: 14. reprimo, pressi, pres- 
sum, 3: to r. one’s anger, r. iracundiam, 
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 8: v. RESTRAIN, CHECK. 

2. cohibeo, coerceo, 2: v. TO RE- 

STRAIN. 3. réfuto, r: to r. nations 
by war, rv. bello nationes, Cic. Prov. 
Cons. 13, 32: to 7. his avarice, r. illius 
cupiditatem, id. Fam. 1, 9, 25. Phr.: 
they admit that the conspiracy was r.’d, 
revictam conjurationem fatentur, ‘l'ac. A. 
15, 73- 

revression: 1, refrenafio: the r. 
of painful emotions, r. doloris, Sen. Ira, 
3, 15, 3: V. RESTRAINT. 2. cdhibitio : 
Lact. (Usu. expr. by verb: v. preced. art.) 

reprieve (subs.): expr. by mora 
(mortis, supplicii), Cic. Verr. 5, 64 
(q. v.): to obtain a 7., Moram mortis as- 
sequi, id. ib.; or by dilatio: v. RESPITE. 

reprieve (v.): to 7. @ criminal, 
perh. * dies (paucos) prorogare damnato ; 
breve vitae spatium indulgere: v. pre- 
ced. art., and RESPITE. 

reprimand (v.): repréhendo, di, sum, 
3: V. BLAME, REPROVE. 

reprimand (suvbs.): repréhensio: v. 
BLAME, REPROOF, 

reprint (v.): to r. a book, *librum 
denuo typis describere (Kr.); formulis 
typographicis repetere (Ern. in Kr.): @ 
book printed in Rome, r.’d in London, 
*liber impressus Romae, denuo im- 
pressus Londini: v. print. (N.B.—Re- 
cudo, 3, which is found in M. L., has no 
authority.) 

reprint (subs.): «* liber denuo im- 
pressus. 
reprisal: nearest word tilio, Snis, 
: 7.s are made on hoth sides, actio 
mutua (a/. mutuae) talionis oritur, Gell. 
20, 1: to make r.s, retalio, 1, id. ib.; v. 
RETALIATION. 

reproach (v.): 1, obficio, jéci, 
jectum, 3 (to cast in one’s teeth; constr. 
with acc. of the direct obj., dat. of the 
indirect obj.: also with ace. and inf., 
ie or de): to r. any one with his 
umble origin, ignobilitatem alicui o., 
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 15: to r. any one for his 
avarice, infamiam pecuniae alicui o., 
Vell. 2, 33,2: he r.’d him with taking 
poets into the hig objecit ei ut 

2 


probrum quod in provinciam poetas 
duxisset, Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 3. 2, objecto, 
I (Stronger than preced., of which it is 
the frequent.: rarely with inf.): to r. 
any one with poverty, o. alicui inopiam, 
PL Trin. 3, 2, 28: tor. me for shedding 
a few tears, mibi lacrimulam o., Cic. 
Plane. 31, 74. 3. exprobro, 1 (to 
upbraid): that letter seems to r. me 
as it were for remaining alive, illae 
(literae) videntur quasi e. quod in vita 
maneam, Cic, Fam. 5, 15,3. Join: e. 
aut objicere, id. Verr. 5, 50, 132. 4. 
opprobro, 1 (syn. of preced.): PL: GelL 
5, acciso, 1 (to accuse : sometimes 
with two acc., one being a pron. neut.) : 
tor. any one daily, quotidie a. aliauem, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 50: he r.s his son ad- 
mirably in a letter, filium in epistola 
praeclare accusat, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 53: v. 
FIND FAULT WITH. 6. compello, 1 
(to address reproachfully) : his mother 
never beheld him without r.ing him as a 
Fratricide, neque aspexit mater quin 
eum fratricidam compellaret, Nep. Ti- 
moi. 1,5: Liv. 22, 12, ad fin. 7. in- 
crépito, 1 (to chide loudly): to r. any 
one with cowardice, i. ignaviam alicui, 
Val. Max. 3, 3, ezt.2. Join: i. atque 
incusare, Caes. B. G. 2, 15: V. CHIDE, 
REPROVE. Phr.: to r. any one with 
absence from his country, alicui vitio 
vertere quod abesset a patria, Cic. Fam. 
4, 6: they added that J was somewhat 
r.d, addebant me subaccusari, id. Att 
16,7: tor. him with his loss, damnum 
(ejus) insectari, Phaedr. 3, 11, 3: lor. 
any one with the vileness of his life, 
insequi turpitudinem vitae, Cic. Sull. 
29, 81. 
reproach (subs.): |, An upbraid- 
ing: 1. objectatio: the rs of others, 
o. aliorum, Caes, B. C. 3, 60. (Objectio 
occurs in Tert.; objectamentum in 
App.) 2. exprobratio~ the act of re- 
proaching any man with his former mis- 
Jortune, e. cuiquam veteris fortunae, 
Liv. 23, 35.  §, vitipératio (blame, 
censure): to incur a r., in aliquam vy. 
cadere, Cic. Att. 14, 13, ad med.; with 
Joll. acc. and inf, id. ib. 16,7: V. BLAMB. 
4, auimadversio: nor can we avoid 
the r., nec a. effugere possumus, Cic. Or. 
57, 195: V. REPROOF. 5, culpatio: 
Gell. 10, 22, ad init. (in pl. num.). 6. 
opprobrium (reproachful, bitter lan- 
guage): to be stung by unfounded rs, 


morderi o. falsis, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 38. 
(Opprobratio occurs in Gell. 12, 12.) 
7. probrum (syn. of preced.): to 


utter no r., p. nullum objectare, Auct, 
Dom. 29, 76: to cast r.s at any ome, p. 
in aliquem jactare, Liv. 29,9: to upbraid 
with more bitter r.s, gravioribus probris 
increpare, id. 23, 45. 8, convicium 
(reviling): to demand with daily r.s, 
efflagitare quotidiano convicio, Quint. Ep. 
ad ‘Tryph., init.: v. ReVILING. Dimin. : 
convicidlum (a slight r.): to assail with 
r.s, conviciolis lacessere, Lampr. Alex. 
Sev. 28, ad fin. 9, contimélia (in- 
sulting, haughty language): Vv. INSULT, 
TAUNT. Join: c. et probra, Tac. H. 4, 
45. Phr.: acknowledging the truth of 
the r., vera exprobrari fatentes, id. A. 1, 
44: what r.s of conscience, quae con- 
scientiae vulnera in animo, Cic. Off. 3, 
21, 85: worthy of r., culpatus, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 602; exprobrabilis, Vulg. Prov 
xviii. 1: without r., sanctus, V. IRRE- 
PROACHABLE, STAINLESS. I]. A dis- 
grace: 1, opprobrium (applied to per- 
sons or things): to bear. to the state, 
civitati esse opprobrio Nep. Con. t, 4: 
the r. of the village, 0. pagi, Hor. Od. 2, 
13, 4: V. DISGRACE, SCANDAL. 2. op- 
probramentum: PI. 3. probrum : 
poverty began to be comsidered a ry 
paupertas probro haberi coepit, Sall. C. 
12: country life, which you think ought 
to be a r. and a scandal, vita rustica 
quam tu probro et crimini putas esse 
oportere, Cic. Rose. Am. 17, 48. 4. 
crimen, inis, n. (ground of accusation) : 
you knew it would be made a r. to you, 
sciebas tibi crimini datum iri, Cic. Verr 
5, 29, 74: to be stung by a r., crimine 
vulnerari, Ov. H. 19, 105. 5, nota 
: 


REPROACHER 





senectutis, Cic. Sen. 12, 39: it was @ T. 
to him, ea res illi vituperationi fuit, id. 
Brut. 25, 97- 

reproacher: exprobrator : Sen. Con- 
trov. 3, 21, extr. 

revroachful: j, objurgatorius 
(reproving) ; @ 7. letter, epistola 0., Cic. 
Att,13,6.  Q, castigatorius (very rare): 
consolation that is not 7. solatium non 
c., Plin. Ep. 5, 16, ad jin. 3, expro- 
bratrix (no masc.): an undue and r. 
remembrance, nimia et e. memoria, Sen. 
Ben. 7, 22, 2- (N.B—Criminosus is 
rather slanderous, insulting; it may, 
however, sometimes expr. reproach ; as, 
orationes in patres c, Liv. 8, 12, ad fin.) 
Phr: a 7. look, perh. * vulius objurga- 
tione plenus: to scan with r. glances, 
perh, pererrare luminibus tacitis, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 364 (v. comm. ad loc.). 

reproac. y; nearest word, cri- 
minosé, Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 55 (but v. 
preced. art.). Better expr. by au adj. 
or verb: V. REPROACH, REPROACHFUL; 
Phr.: to address any one T, compel- 
lare aliquem, Liv. 22, 12. 

reprobate (w.): improbo, 1: V-CON- 
DEMN, REJECT. 

reprobate (adj. and subs.): 1, 
damnatus (prop. a part.) : who is more 
r. than thou? quis te damnatior ? Cic. 
9. perditus: v. ABAN- 
DONED. 

reprobation : improbatio: v. CON- 
DEMNATION, REJECTION. As theol. t., 
reprobatio, Tert. 

reproduce: [Ata taltecen mol ere= 
gigno, 3: Lucr. 5, 244. 9, régénero, 
1: Plin. 12, 1, 5- 3, recreo, 1: tor. 
flesh on the bones, ossibus carnes T., 
Plin. 34, 15,46: V- RENEW- 4, propago, 
1: tor. their kind, secla p., Lucr. 1, 20: 
Vv. PROPAGATE. B., Fig.: 1, réfeéro, 
retiili (rettuli), rélatum, 3: to r. the 
character and gestures of their parents, 
r. mores motusque parentum, Lucr. I, 
591: to r. a play, iterum fabulam r., 
‘er. Hec. prol. 1, 7 (a pleon. expr.) : 

Q, répouo, posui, positum, 3 (0 r. 

on the staye): to r. the character of 
Achilles, r. Achillem, Hor. A. P. 120: 
to r. a play, r. fabulam, id. ib. 190. 

reproduction: ©XPT by a verb: 
vy. preced. art.: see also GENERATION, 
PROCREATION. 

reproductive: génitalis (génitabilis, 
Lucr.); V. GENERATIVE, PRODUCTIVE. 

reproof: 1, objurgatio (often of 
an authoritative 1.) + to disabuse one 
of his error by r. or rather by reviling, 
objurgatione aut potius convicio ab 
errore avellere aliquem, Cic. Off. 3, 21, 
83. Join: castigatio aut 0., id. Att. 3, 
Io. 2, castigatio (correction) amild 
r., clemens ¢., Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137: @ 
silent r., tacita C., Liv. 27, 10. 3, re- 
préhensio (censure): to fear the r. of 
the learned, vereri r. doctorum, Cic. Or. 
T,X 4, vitipératio : the fear of @ 
not unmerited r., timor non injustae 
vituperationis, Cic. Rep. 55 4+ 5, com- 
pellatio: he did not brook my “fh eile 
7.85 crebras c. meas non tulit, id. Kam 
12,25,2. 6. notatio (esp. of the public 
r. of the censor): Cic. Clu. 46, 128. 

reprove: 1, objurgo, I (prop. to 
rebuke with some authority) : our. friends 
must be admonished and rd, monendi 
amici sunt et objurgandi, Cic. Am. 24, 88: 
to r. severely, vehementer 0., id. Att. 3, 
10: to r. gently (fig. expr.), molli brachio 
0., id. ib. 2, 1, 8. (Frequent. objurgito, 
1: Pl. Trin. 1, 2, 30-) 9, castigo, 1 (to 
correct): tor. any one, verbis c. aliquem, 
Cic. Olf. 1, 25, 88: f0 7. them privately 
for ...., ©. illos secreto quod ...-» Caes. 
B.C. 3,60. 3. repréhendo, di, sum, 3 
(to reprimand) : tor. @ fault, vitium T., 
Gic. Verr. 3, 2, 4. to 7. the rashness @ 
the troops, temeritatem militum r., Caes. 
B. G. 9, 52: to r. in a kind and frank 
way, amice simpliciterque T., Plin. Ep. 
5, 3,1: tor. others for the same offences 

674 





of | 4,15, § 59, and also the word antipathia 


REPUGNANCE REPUTATION 


which they had committed, r. alios in 
eodem genere in quo ipsi offendissent, 
Cic. Clu. 36, 98. 4, vitiipéro, 1: Vv. 
CENSURE, BLAME. 5, increpo (avi, 
atum), ui, itum, T: (to upbraid lowdly) + 
to r. his arrogance in verse, versibus i. 
arrogantiam, Cic. Acad. 2, 23, 74° herd 
him most sererely for entering the city, 
acerrime increpuit quod urbem introis- 
set, Tac. A. 2, 59- G. perstringo, nxi, 
ctum, 3 (to wound slightly): to rT. his 
style of living im mild terms, \enibus 
verbis cultum p., Tac. A. 2, 595 Cic. 
7, corripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (to tale 
to task sharply): tor. man unfriendly 
way, inimice ¢., Quint. 11, I, 68: they 
were r.d and rated by the consul in 
strong language, convicio consulis cor- 
repti exagitabantur, Caes. B.C. 1, 2: Cic. 
8, ndto, 1 (esp. of the censor: to 
reprimand publicly): love that ought to 
be r.d, amor dignus notari, Hor. S. 1, 3, 
24. Q, rétaxo, I (very rare): Suet. 
Vesp. 13. 
reprover : 1. objurgator : he ws 
intolerable not merely as an accuser, but 
even as a r., non modo accusator sed ne 
o. quidem ferendus est is, Cic. Verr. 3, 2, 
4. Q, castigator : Liv.: Hor §. re- 
prehensor : Cic.. Ov. 4, vittipérator 
(also vitupero, Gell.) : v.CENSURER. 9, 
censor; V.CENSOR. Join: ¢ castiga- 
torque, Hor. A. P. 174- 
reproving (2dj.): objurgatorius: v. 








































































3, 29, 123 7. to toil, inertia laboris, id. 
Rosc. Com. 8, 24: mutual r. of the ele- 
ments, discordia principiorum, Luer. 5, 
437: to feel 7, aspernor : V- LOATHE. 
repugnant : nearest word aversus 
(turning away from: constr. with ab): 
mental emotions which are Tr. to right 
reason, commotiones animorum a recta 
ratione a., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61 : also expr. 
by répugno, 1 (to be r.)3 deceit is most 
r. to friendship, simulatio amicitiae re- 
pugnat maxime, id. Am. 25,92: although 
nature is T., adversante et repugnante 
natura, id. Off. 1, 31, 110: V. RESIST. 
repugnantly : répugnanter (with 
repugnance): Cie. Am. 25, 91: but 
better expr. by a phr.: v. preced. art. 
repulse (v.): répello, répili (rep- 
puli), répulsum, 3: V. REPEL: to r. the 
foe, Tr. et prosequi hostem, Caes. B. C. 
2, 8. 
repulse (subs.): 1. répulsa (esp. 
of elections) : the mortification of ar., 
dolor repulsae, Caes. B.C. 1, 4: to suffer 
a r., t. ferre, Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 280; re- 
ferre, id. Off. I, 39, 138; accipere, id. 
Planc. 21, 513; pati, Ov. M. 2, 97: Vv. 
REFUSAL, REJECTION. 9, offensic 
mishap): Join: 0. et repulsa, Cic. 
ff. 1, 21,71. 3. eXpr. by a verb: Vv. 
REPEL. 
repulsion: aS t. t. perh. *repulsus 
iis; or repulsio. 


repulsive: _ Lit.: expr. by a 
RFPROACHFUL. verb: 7. force, *vis repellendi. ll. 
reptile: expt. by bestia serpens, | Fig. : 1, offensus: to be r. and 


Cic. Tuse. 5, 13, 385 ef. N. D. 2, 47; 
122: repens animans, Lucr. 3. 389. As 
at. t, reptile (Vulg- Gen. i. 20) may be 
used. 

republic : best expr. by civitas po- 
pularis, Cic. Rep. 1, 26 (def. to be “ in 
qua in populo sunt omnia’): more 
loosely, libera civitas, id. Off. 3, 21, 84: 
the R. of Plato, illa commenticia Pla- 
tonis civitas, id. de Or. 1, 53, 230: the 
word res publica (or simply res 1n poet.) 
is too wide, as it includes all forms of 
government: still it does expr. the idea 
sometimes: e. g. “banc unam rite rem 
publicam, id est, rem populi, appellari 
putant,” id. Rep. I, 32. Phr.: on the 
establishment of a 7T., aequato jure om- 
nium, Liv. 2, 3: “ the r. of letters,” 
*civitas, quae vocatur, omnium eru- 
ditorum communis. 

republican (adj. and subs.): best 
expr. by popularis (belonging to the 
popular party) : Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85: also 
in a depreciatory sense, id. Clu. 34, 94- 
Phr.: a staunch r., vir liber et fortis, 
id. Rep. 2, 193; *acer vindex custosque 
libertatis, after Liv. 2, 1: under @ 1. 
system, *in libero populo et in juris 
aequabilitate, after Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88. 

republicanism : perh. *liberarum 
civitatum ratio (as a theory) : * libertatis 
studium (as a mental characteristic). 

republication: ‘e 7- of a book, 
*repetitio (operis), Orelli. 

republish: the nearest expr. are 
referre, renovare (cf. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 
21, 68): V. RENEW, REPEAT: to r. an 
author, *novam editionem scriptoris 
edere (or perh. emittere, Quint.) ; edi- 
tionem denuo reparare et renovare : to 
r. in a stereotyped form, * jnstaurare 
tabulis stereoty pis. 

repudiate : repudio, I: V. REJECT, 
DIVORCE. 

repudiation : répiidiatio: Vv. RE- 
JECTION, DIVORCE. 

repugnance: best expr. by aver- 
satio (a turning away): silent r., tacita 
a., Quint. 8, 3, 65: or aversus animus, 
Tac. H. 4, 80. It may sometimes be 
expr. by odium (hatred) : to have a7. to 
rule, 0. regni capere, Cic. Phil. 2, 36, 915 
or fastidium (less strong than preced.) : 
v. AVERSION, DISLIKE. (N.B.—Cic. uses 
repugnantia for contrariety, incompa- 
tibility, opposition : cf. Tusc. 4, 13, 29. 
Plin. has the pbr. discordia rerum, 37, 


odious, 0. invisumque esse (alicui), Cic. 
Sest. 58, 125. 9, ddidsus (hateful) : 
pleasant rather than r., jacundus potius 
quam o., Cic. Sen. 8, 26: v. HATEFUL. 
3. foedus: V. LOATHSOME, 4. 
fastidiendus (very rare): V- NAUSEOUS, 
repurchase: tédimo, émi, emptum, 
3: tor. a house, tr. domum, Cic. Phil. 13, 


IO; 
reputable: honestus: ¥. RESPECT- 
ABLE. 

reputably : honesté : V. RESPECT- 
ABLY. 

repute (».): hibeo, 2: V. REGARD. 

repute ( -) 1, fama (often 

reputation: § without any ad- 
juuct, a good 7.3; very rarely @ 
r.): a 7. for eloquence, f. bene lo- 
quendi, Cic. Brut. 74, 259: so wide- 
spread a r., tanta ceiebritas famae, id. 
Arch. 3, 5: @ fair 7., bona f. (evdo&ia), 
id. Fin. 3, 17, 57: Justice ts the ground- 
work of a lasting T justitia funda- 
mentum est perpetuae commendationis 
et famae, id. Off. 2, 20, 72 (hendiadys) : 
to acquire @ T., profiuere ad f., id. Coel. 
3, 6 (a strong metaph.: see the place) - 
to preserve the rT. he has already earned, 
ante collectam f. conservare, id. Div. in 
Caecil. 22,71: to havea regard for one’s 
r., famae consulere, id. Fin. 3,17, 575 
servire, id. Att. 5, 10, ad init.; dare ali- 
quid, Hor. S. 2, 2, 943 temperare, Ter. 
Ph. 2, 1, 41: to be reckless of one’s T. 
famae non parcere, Sall. C. 25: injury 
to our r., famae detrimentum, Auct. Her. 
4, 10, 14: his 7. suffered somewhat, 1b 
paullum haesit ad metas, Cic. Coel. 3, 1, 
45 (a metaph. from the race-course): to 
lose one’s r., bonam f. deperdere, Hor. S. 
I, 2, 61: to impair one’s r., f. atterere, 
Sall. C. 16; laedere, Suet. Caes. 49. init. § 
de fama detrahere, Cic. Fam. 3, 8,5: t0 
rob an honest man of his T» spoliare 
fama probatum hominem, id. Fin. 3, 19, 
47: to sully one’s 7., f. maculare, de- 


37. 9. existimatio (good name): & 
good r. is better than riches, bona @. 
divitiis praestat, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 172: 
to damage one’s T., e. offendere, id. Planc. 
2, 6; violare, id. Fam. 13, 733 oppug- 
nare, id. ib. 3, 10, 8: to blast one’s T., © 
lacerare, Suet. Caes. 75, extr. : to have 
no r. to lose, nihil habere quod de 
existimatione perderet, Auct. Her. 4, 10, 
14: ruined in 1, existimatione damna- 
tus, Cic. Flac. 15, 35: to recover one’s Ty 
e, reconciliare, id. Verr. Act. I, I, 2. 
Join: fama et e, id. Quint. 15, 50. 

3, dpinio: a7. for legal knowledge, 
o. legis scientiae, Cic. OF 2, 13,47: 4 


[avrimaGera| in several places.) Phr.: 
very many fail to see how great is their 
mutual r., quam haec inter se re- 
pugnent plerique non vident, Cic. Tusc. 


Sat eetie 


REPUTED 


RESCRIPT 


RESEMBLE 





very high r. for valour, o. virtutis singu- 
laris, Caes. B. G. 2, 24: to earn ar., 0. 
facere, Cic. Brut 66, 234. Join: fama 
et o., id. Off. 2, 9, 32. 4, nomen, 
inis, n.: (a good name): a splendid n., 
nobile n., Nep. Milt. 8, 4: his r. vould 
have stood higher, n, majus fuisset, Cic. 
Brut. 67, 238: Lydia, of world-wide r., 
multi Lydia nominis, Hor. Od 3, 9, 7. 
5, laus, dis, f. (praise, renown) : to 
have the r. of a fin shed orator, sumimi 
oratoris 1. habere, Cic. Brut. zg, 11¢: to 
enjoy a r., iu laude vivere, id. Fam. 15, 
6, 1: to be in repute, in laude esse, Plin. 
9, 41, 65 (of things). 6, gloria (glory: 
a strong expr.): r. for eloquence, di- 
cendi g., Cic. Brut. 68, 239: his Jormer 
r. for generalship, superior g. rei_mili- 
taris, Cues. B. G. 5, 29. 7, honor 
(esteem, honour): to be in repute, in 
honore et pretin esse, Cic. Rosc. Am. 
28, 77: V- HONOUR, ESTEEM. Phr.: to 
be in good repute, bad repute, bene, male 
audire, Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57° id. Verr 
1, 46, 118: for which our house was 
always in high r., quibus semper domus 
nostra floruit, id. N. D. 1, 3, 6 (Vv. FLOU- 
RISH): having a slender r., modicus 
dignationis, Tuc. A. 4, 52: to have a 
very bad r., infamia flagrare, Cic. Att. 4, 
18: V. DISREPUTE, INFAMY. 
reputed (part. and adj.): expr. by 
a rel. clause: qui (quae quod) fertur, 
habetur, dicitur. (N.B.—It is incorrect 
to use a part. pass. in place of the 
clause.) Phr.: She is r.d to be my 
sister, soror dicta est, Ter. Eun. t 2, 77. 
request (v.): 1, r0go, I: v. ASK, 
DESIRE. . péto, ivi, or ii, itum, 3: 
Vv. BEG. 3. précor, 1: v. PRAY, BE- 
SEECH, SUPPLICATE. 
request (subs.): 1, rogatio: 7 
like him not merely on your r., but also 
from the character you give him, eum 
non modo rogatione sed etiam testimonio 
tuo diligo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3,§ 10. (N.B.— 
The form régatus, ts, occurs only in abl. 
sing.: id. Fam. 7, 1, 4.) 2. pétitio 
(rare): J cannot deny your r., petitioni 
tuae negare non sustineo, Trajan in 
Plin. Ep. to, 23: pétitus, us, occurs in 
Gell.: pétitum, in Catull. 3. Oratus, 
us (rare, and only in abl.): did he 
write at your r.? an scripsit oratu 
tuo? Cic. Flac. 37, 92: oratum (in pl.) 
occurs in Ter. 4, prex (nom. and 
gen. sing. obsol.: usu. in pl.: prayer): 
V. PRAYER.  §, désidérium (petition) : 
to convey the rs of the soldiers to 
Caesar, desideria militum ad Caesarem 
ferre, Tac. A. J, 19. 6. expr. freq. 
by verbs: fo deny a r., to grant a r., 
negare roganti, satisfacere petenti, Cic, 
Or. 41, 140. 
require : |. To demand. iL 
postiilo, 1: they begin to ask, to r., to 
threaten, incipiunt poscere, p., minari, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 34, 78: he vd rather than 
requested, postulabat magis quam pete- 
bat, Curt. 4, 1, 8. 2. exigo, &gi, ac- 
tum, 3: to r. hostages, e. obsides, Caes. 
B.C. 3, 12: to r.vather than ask what 
he seels, id quod petat e. magis quam 
rogare, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 1. 3, posco, 
poposci, 3 (constr. with two acc. in act. 
and one in pass.: the person asied in 
abl. after ab: cf. Lat. Gram. § 244: to 
ask: hence freq. to asl urgently, r.): 
to r. their children as hostages, p. liberos 
obsides, Caes. B.G. 1. 31: tor. the slaves 
who had fled to them to be delivered up 
for punishment, servos qui ad eos per- 
fugissent p., id. ib. 1, 27: not merely to 
wish but to r. and demand, non desi- 
derare solum sed etiam p. et flagitare, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 71. 4, réposco, 3: 
to r. of another an account of his life, r. 
ab altero rationem vitae, Cic. Verr. 3, 
I, 1: tor. an account of their success or 
Jailure, yr. aut prospera, aut adversa, 
Tac. H. 3, 13, extr.: Virg.: Ov. 5, 
exposco, 3; deposco, 3: Vv. DEMAND, 
I]. 70 need : 1. Ggeo, 2: Vv. NEED. 
2, réquiro, quisivi or ii, itum, 3: 
the affair r.d great energy, res magnam 
diligentiam requirebat, Caes. B. G. 6, 
34: so that we r. nothing further, ut 
nihil sit praeterea nobis requirendum, 


—————— 
eee... CU SSS... SSS. SSS 


Cic. Fam. 2,6, 3. 3, quaero, quaesivi 
or ji, itum, 3: to r. an orutur’s elo- 
uence, q. eluquentiam oratoris, Cic. 
Jerr. I, 10, 29: Liv (The freq. quae- 
rito, 1, occurs in PI.) 4. pusco, po- 
posci, 3: what the matter seemed to r., 
quod res p. videbutur, Caes. B. G. 7, 1. 
5 postiilo, 1 (rare): as the nature 

of the case shall r., ut causae natura 
postulubit, Cic. Or. 36, 125: Prin. 6. 
téro, tili, latum, 3 (to render necessary) : 
if your convenience shall r. it, si com- 
modum vestrum feret, Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 
71: as our circumstances r., ut temmpora 
uostra ferunt, id. Q. Fr. 1,4,5. Join: 
tf. et postulare, id. Verr. §, 40, 105. 16 
désidéro, 1 (to feel need of ): virtue r.s no 
other reward, nullam virtus aliam mer- 
cedem desiderat, Cic. Arch. 11, 28: the 
vines rT. to be uv atered, (vites) desiderant 
rig «ri, Plin. 17, 26,40: v. Want. Phr. 
it r.s great labour, est magni laboris, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150: you will determine 
as my integrity, reputation, and post- 
tion shall seem to 7., statues ut ex fide, 
fama, reque mea videbitur, id. Att. 5, 
8, extr.: as the circumstances of the 
time r., pro tempore et pro re, Caes, 
B. G. 5, 8. 

requirement: expr. by nécessarius : 
V. NECESSARY (subs.) : or by désidérium : 
v. WANT. Phr.: the rs (“calls”) of 
nature, requisita naturae, Sull. in Quint. 
8, 6, 59. 

requisite ; nécessarius: v. NECES- 
SARY, NEEDFUL. Phr.: these things are 
generally r., haec plerumque requir- 
untur, Quint. 6, 3, 46. 

requisition : nearest word perh. 
postiilatio (a demand, whether oral or 
written) : or postilatum, Caes. B. G. 1, 
4°, ad init.: v. DEMAND. Phr.: tu 
make a 7., imperare, Caes.: v. coM- 
MAND. 

requital : 1, vicis (gen. sing. : 
no nom. or dat. sing.: no gen. pl.): 
the penalty of the law,and a scornful r., 
debita jura vicesque superbae, Hor. Od. 
1, 28, 32: Cic. Sest. 4, Io. Q. rélatio: 
the r. of a favour, r. gratiae, Sen. Ben. 
uae 3, expr. sometimes by mer- 
ces, édis, f. (reward): v. REWARD, 
PUNISHMENT. 4. expr. more freq. 
by a verb: v. foll. art. 5, retribitio: 
Lact. Phr.: the r. of a favour is con- 
sidered burdensome, the r. of an injury 
advantageous, gratia oneri, ultio in 
quaestu habetur, ‘Tac. H. 4, 3. 

requite: 1. penso, 1 (to cownter- 
balance): tor. kindness with kindness, 
p. beneficia beneficiis, Sen. Ben. 3, 9, 3: 
to r. evil with good, p. maleficia bene- 
factis, Liv. 37, 1, ad init. 2. répendo, 
di, sum, 3 (fo weigh back): is this the 
dowry wherewith thou r.st the preserva- 
tion of thy daughter’s life? bac vitam 
servatae dote rependis? Ov. M. 5, 15. 

8, répOno, 3: v. RETURN, REPAY. 

Phr.: he can neither r. faithful nor 
unfaithful friends, neque fidis amicis 
neque infidis gratiam referre potest, a ter 
Cic. Am. 15, 53: tor. an injury, injuriae 
vicem exsolvere, Tac. H. 4, 3: 7. me 
according to my deserts, redde vicem 
meritis, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 23: you could not 
r. him, non poteras referre vicem, id. 
A. A.1, 370: to r. any one, retribuere 
vicem alicui, Lact. 6, 18: ye (ods, r. the 
Greeks vith like sufferings! Wi, talia 
Graiis instaurate! Virg. Aen. 6, 530. 

rescind: 1, rescindo. scidi, scissum, 
3: tor.a judicial decision, r. judicium, 
Cic. Plane. 4, 10 to r. the ordinances of 
the senate, r. constitutiones senatiis, Suet. 
Tib 3}. 2. résolvo, vi, litum, 3: 
to r. a stipulation, r. stipulationem, 
Gai. Dig. 21, 2, 57, ad fin. 3. résigno, 
I: V. CANCEL. 4, abrogo, 1: v. RE- 


VEAL. 5, tollo, sustiili, sublatum, ;: 
V. ABOLISH. 6, rumpo, riipi. ruptum, 
3: V. ANNUL. 


rescinding (sbs.) : 1. rescissio: 
the r. of a former decree, . prioris de- 
creti, Callist. Dig. §0, 9, 5. 2. ré- 
sdlitio: the r. of a sale, r. venditionis, 
Ulp. Dig. 41, 2, 13: Vv. CANCELLING, RE- 
PEAL, ABROGATION, ANNULLING. 

rescript: rescriptum: Tac. A. 6, 9: 


Plin. Ep. 10, 2. (The furm rescriptic 
occurs in Dig.) Phr.: to senda r. 
rescribere, Suet. Tib. 30. (N.B.—In a 
less exact way it may be expr. by 
literae: cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 49, 120: also 
sometimes by liber, cddicilli: v. Lat 
Dict. s. vv.) 
rescue (v.): 1. éripio, ripui, rep- 
tum, 3 (to snatch auay: constr. with 
ab, ex, de, or dat.): to r. his son from 
death, e. filium a morte, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 
25: tor. their country fiom the hands 
of the enemy, e. patriam ex bostium 
manibus, Liv. 5, 46, ad med.: to r. him 
Jrom your severity, e. istum de vestra 
severitate, Cic. Verr. 5, 67, 173: Tr. me 
Jrom these ills, eripe me his malis, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 365. 2. vindico, 1 (to claim, 
hence, with the words “in libertatem ” 
understood, to r.): wisdom r.s us from 
the impulses of lust, sapientia nos a libi- 
dinum impetu vindicat, Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 
46: to 7. their name from oblivion, 
laudem eorum ab oblivione hominum v., 
id. de Or. 2, 2, 7. 8, libéro, 1: v, 
DELIVER, RELEASE. 4, servo, 1 (prop. 
to preserve unharmed): to r. from 
danger, s. ex periculo, Caes. 8. C.2,41: Vv. 
SAVE. Phr.: tor. him from death at 
the cost of their life, eum suo sanguine 
ab Acheronte redimere, Nep. Dion 10, 
2: to r. Jrom death, a morte revocare, 
reducere, Virg. Aen. 5, 4763 4, 375: to 
r. the needy, opem indigentibus salutem- 
que ferre, Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 118. (cf. salu- 
tem absentibus hominibus dare, id. Lig. 
12, 38): 7.d from slavery, servitute 
exceptus, Liv. 33, 23. 
rescue (subs.): no exact equiv.: 
expr. by a verb or phr.: to come to the 
r. of his son, filio subvenire, Caes. B. G, 
5, 35: come to their r., subveni illis, Pl. 
Rud. 3, 2, 43: nor is there the smallest 
hope of a r., ulla nec specula est quae 
salutem afferat, id. ib. 3, 3, 3: @ means 
of r., ratio expediendae salutis, Cic. Mil. 
4, Io. 
research : investigatio: v. EXAMIN- 
ATION, INQUIRY. 
resemblance: 1. similitiido: @ 
striking r., insignis s., Liv. 39, 53, ad 
init.: a perfect 7., indiscreta s., Plin. 
35, 10, 36, § 88: to bear some r. and 
likeness to the wise, 8. quandam speciem- 
que sapientium gerere, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 16: 
a kind of government which bears the 
nearest r. to monarchy, genus imperii 
proximum similitudini regiae, id. Rep. 
Zt OX 9. vicinitas or vicinia (near 
likeness): these vices are excused on ac- 
count of their r. to virtues, excusantur 
haec vitia vicinitate virtutiim, Quint. 1, 
Sons seins 3, instar, indecl. neut, 
subs. (poet. in this sense): what a 
strong r. there is in him! quantum i. 
in ipso, Virg. Aen. 6, 865: Cic. 4. 
assimulatio: a marvellous r., prodigiosa 
a, Plin. 11, 49, 109. 5. cognatio : 
V. RELATIONSHIP. Phr.: a form that 
bears some r., aliqua non dissimilis fi- 
gura, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23: what r. is 
there between a letter and an harangue? 
quid simile babet epistela contioni? id. 
Fam. 9, 21, 1: swiftness borders on 
Sear, but slowness bears a closer r. 
to courage, velocitus juxta formidinem, 
cunctatio propior constantiae est, Tac. G. 
30, extr. 
resemble : 1, expr. by similis 
(consimilis, persimilis) sum: Vv. LIKE. 
Q, référo, rétili (rettali), rélatum, 
3 (to bring back): to r. Um in speech, 
r. eos sermone, Tac. G. 43, ad tnit.: to 
r. him in manners no less than in fea- 
tures and countenance, non minus 
mores ejus quam os vultumque r., Plin, 
Ep. 5, 16, ad fin. 8. acc&do, cessi, 
cessum, 3 (to approach near to): in no 
respect do men more closely r. the gods, 
homines ad deos nulla re propius ac- 
cedunt, Cic. Lig. 12, 38; N. D. 1, 34, 
4, attingo, tigi, tactum, 3 (to 
come near to, r. in qualities): this event 
is not merely a home affuir, it even rs 
a warlike one, haec res von solum ex 
domestica est rutione, attingit etiam 
bellicam, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76: Tusc. 4, 13 
30. Phr.: tor.her father “oe 
5 


RESEMBLING 





totum patrem mira similitudine ex- 
scribere, Plin. Ep. 5, 16: the lake is so 
bounded as to r. a wheel, lacus est in 
similitudinem rotae circumscriptus, id. 
ib. 8, 20. 
resembling: similis: v. LIKE. 
resent: no exact equiv.: best 
expr. by féro, tili, latum, 3 (to bear) 
with the advs. graviter, aegre, moleste, 
acerbe, or by a phr.: to r. anything, 
ferre aliquid animo iniquo, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
2, 5: it may be sometimes expr. by 
stémachor, 1; indignor, 1; Vv. TO BE 
ANGRY, INDIGNANT. 
’ resentful; nearest word iracundus : 
v. ANGRY, and foll. art. 
resentment: no exact equiv.: 
expr. by ira (anger), defined as “libido 
puniendi ejus qui videatur laesisse in- 
juria,” Cic. Tusc. 4, 9: if settled, not 
sudden r. be meant, use odium, which is 
“jira inveterata,” id. ib. (v. ANGER): to 
lay aside his r., iracundiam dimittere, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 8. 
reservation: 1, rétentio: Dig. 
2. s€positio (a setting apart): Ulp. 
Dig. 50, 12, 2. 3. exceptio: an im- 
plied r., tacita e., Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 140: @ 
mental r., *e. animo insidiose concepta. 
Dimin.: exceptiuncula, Sen. Ep. 20, 5: 
V. EXCEPTION, RESTRICTION. Phr.: with 
the r. that ...., salvo eo jure quod, Ulp. 
Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 40. 
reserve (v.): 1, réservo, 1 (constr. 
with acc. and ad or in, the dat., or an 
adv. of direction, to denote the purpose 
for which a thing is r.d): to r. this plan 
Jor the last, r. hoc consilium ad ex- 
tremum, Caes, B. G. 3, 3, ad fin.: to r. 
one’s private grudges for another occa- 
sion, inimicitias in aliud tempus r., Cic. 
Prov. Cons. 20, 47. Join: r. et re- 
tinere, Caes. B. C. 1, 2: V. KEEP BACK. 
9. servo, 1 (constr. like preced.): 
he was r.d to speak last, ad ultimum 
dicendi locum servatus est, Liv. 3, 40, 
ad med.: to r. to oneself full liberty, s. 
sibi libera omnia, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, ad fin. : 
to r. oneself for other opportunities, s. se 
aliis temporibus, Cic. Plane. 5, 13. oe 
se€pono, pdsui, positum, 3 (to lay aside) : 
I have r.d the subject for my old age, 
materiam senectuti seposui, ‘lac. H. 1, 
1: Cic. 4. répono, pésui, positum, 3 
(to store up): to r. Caecuban wine for 
festive banquets, r. Caecubum (sc. vi- 
num) ad festas dapes, Hor. Epod. 9, 1: 
Virg.: Cic. 5, s@cerno, crévi, cré- 
tum, 3 (to set apart): to r. nothing for 
‘he public treasury, nibil in publicum s., 
Liv.7,16. 6, excipio, cépi, ceptum, 
3: V. EXCEPT. 7, récipio, cépi, cep- 
tum, 3 (very rare): he r.d this small 
back building when he sold the house, 
posticulum hoc recepit quum aedes ven- 
didit, Pl. Trin. 1, 2,157. Phr.: Ihave 
rd the consideration of the lands of 
two cities, duarum civitatum reliquos 
feci agros, Cic. Verr. 3, 44, 104: tor. for 
another occasion, differre (aliquid) in 
aliud tempus, id. Brut. 87, 298. 
reserve (subs.) s |. Closeness of 
disposition : no exact equiv.: perb. the 
nearest is taciturnitas: your 7. caused 
graver suspicion to light on you, sus- 
picionem majorem tua t. attulerat, Cic. 
Att. 7, 8, 1: v. foll. art. I]. 4 body 
of troops: subsidium: to post as a r., 
in subsidiis locare, Sall. C. 59> to send 
up r.s, Ss. submittere, Cars. B. G. 4, 26. 
Adj.: subsidiarius (subsidialis, Amm.) : 
hence, the 7., s. milites, Liv. 5, 38. the 
line of r., 8. acies, Auct. B. Afr. 59: the 
cohorts of the 7., s. cohortes, Caes. B. C. 
1, 83. Phr.: to.form the 7., subsidiari, 
Hirt. B. G. 8, 13. " 
reserved (part. and adj.) : I. 
Set apart: réservatus: V. RESERVE 
@.). Phr.: a r. seat, iocus assignatus, 
after Liv. Epit.gg; certus, Cic, Phil. 2, 18, 
44: a7. dowry, recepticia dos, Gai. Dig. 
39, 6, 31, § 2. I. Close im disposi- 
tion : 1, réconditus: to be of a 
melancholy and r. disposition, natura 
tristi et r. esse, Cic. Quint. 18, 59. 2) 
tectns. we can be r. towards strangers, 
vecti esse ad alienos possumus, Cic. Rose, 
Am. 40, Sg 8. occultus. to beware 
67 





RESIGN 


RESIST 





of r. characters, ab 0. cavere hominibus, 
Liv. 25,16. Join; o. ac tectus, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 17, 54. 4, abstrisus: ‘Tac. A. 
I; 24: 5, taciturnus: always sad 
and r., tristis semper, t., Cic. Sest. 9, 21. 

reservoir: 1, lacus, ts (tank, 
cistern) to pave the 7.s with stove, 1. 
lapide sternere, Liv. 39, 44. 9. cis- 
terna (underground r.): Plin. 36, 23, 


52. 8. castellum (the r. of an aque- | 


duct, anciently dividiculum, Fest.: v. 
Dict. Ant. “ Aqueduct"): Plin. 36, 15, 
24, § 121: Vitr. 4, piscina (usu. a 
pond): a wooden r., p. lignea, Plin. 
EY 1 Bee 5, arca (small cistern): 
Vitr. = 6) 53, 2. 
sarium or receptaculum (aquae), Vitr. 
8, 7 (6), I (G. V.). 7. conceptactilum 
(that which r.s somethiny): the veins 
are the r. of blood, vena est c. san- 
guinis, Gell. 18, 10: of an apparatus 
for collecting wind, Plin. 2, 45, 44: v. 
RECEPTACLE. 
reside: 1, habito, 1: v. LIVE, 
DWELL, 2. résideo, sedi, 2 (to remain 
for a while): to r. in a vave,r. in antro, 
Ov. M. 1, 575: I would rather have 
r.d in some town, in oppido aliquo mal- 
lem resedisse, Cic. Att. 11, 6. x 
consido, sédi, sessum, 3 (to tae up one’s 
abode, setile): I am undecided whether 
to r. here or at Antium, dubite hic an 
Antii considam, Cic. Att. 2,6. Fig.: 
if depravity r.s in any person’s heart, 
improbitas si cujus in mente consedit, 
id. Fin. 1, 16, 50 (Klotz). Phr.: they 
forbid foreigners to r. in touns, pere- 
grinos urbibus uti prohibent, Cic. Off. 3, 
II, 47: victory r.sin the valour of those 
cohorts, victoria constat in earum co- 
hortium virtute, Caes. B. C. 3, 89: a 
holy spirit r.s in our breasts, sacer intra 
nos spiritus sedet, Sen. Ep. 41, 2. 
residence : |. Sojourn, stay. 
. Mansio: a r. at Formiae, m. 
Formiis, Cic. Att. 9,5: @ protracted r., 
diutina m., Ter. Ph. 5, 9 (8), 23. oe 
commoratio: that lovely scenery is fitted 
for ar., not a temporary visit, amoenitas 
illa commorationis est, non diversorii, 
Cic. Fam. 6, 19. 8. babitatio: the 
cost of r., sumptus habitationis, Cic. 
Coel. 7, 17. 4. expr. by specific 
terms: a r. in the country, rusticatio, 
Cic. Am. 27, 103: a 7. in foreign parts, 
peregrinatio, id. Tusc. 5, 37, 107. Il. 
Place of abode: 1, ddmicilinm : to 
take up their r. in the city, domiciliis 
urbis uti, Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 88: to have 
one’s r. in Italy, d. in Italia habere, id. 
Arch. 4,9: in no other frame can there 
be a r. for the mind, in nulla alia figura 
d. mentis esse potest, id. N. D. 1, 27, 76. 
2. sédes, is, f. (sometimes in pl. 
of one dwelling): to take up one’s 7., s. 
ac domicilium collocare, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 
6: Vv, ABODE, SEAT. 8, habitactilum : 
Gell.: Vv. DWELLING-PLACE, HABITATION. 
4, démus, tis, f.: v. HOUSE. 5. 
Tus, riris, n. (a country seat): his an- 
cestrul country r., Tt. paternum, Hor. Ep. 
T, 18, 60. 
resident (part. and adj.): expr. by 
the verbs: v. RESIDE, and foll. art. 
resident (suwbs.): habitator (/. -trix, 
Auson.): inhabitants and r.s., incolae 
et h., Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140: a foreign r., 
peregrinus (v. ALIEN): pburalists and 
non-r.s, *pluralistae et non resideutes, 
Milton. 
residuary : résiduus: v. REMAINING. 
Phr.: a7. legatee, heres sine parte in- 
stitutus, Just. Inst. 2, 14, 6. 
resign: 1. cédo, cessi, cessum, 3 
(to yield, give up: both act. and neut. : 
constr. with dat. of person in whose 
favour one r.s); to r. the victory to the 
enemy, ¢. Victoriam hosti, Just. 32, 4: 
to 1. the possession of the gardens in 
favour of some one, hortorum posses- 
sione alicui c., Cic. Mil. 27, 75. s 
concédo, cessi, cessum, 3 (stronger than 
preced.). to 7. the candidature for the 
augurship, c. auguratus petitionem, Cic. 
Phil. 2, 2, 4. 8, rémitto, nisi, mis- 
sum, 3 (to give up): to r. both provinces, 
r. utramgue provinciam, Anton. in Cic. 
Phil. 8, 8, 25. Join: reddere ac r., 


6. expr. by immis- | 








SFig-): 


Cic. Sull. 30, 84: Vv. RENOUNCE, GIVE UP 
4, permitto, misi, missnm, 3 (ta 
surrender): I have r.’d the «hole affair 
into his hands, totum ei negotium per- 
misi, Cic. Q. Fr. 2,7 (9), 2: to r. them- 
selves to their power, p. se eorum potes- 
tati, Caes. B. G. 2, 31. 1. the rest to the 
gods, permitte divis cetera, Hor. Od. 1, 
9g, 9- 5, Smitto, Smisi, 6missum, 3: 
V. ABANDON. 6, deépono, posui, posi- 
tum, 3 (0 lay down): tor. a province, 
d. provinciam, Cie. Pis, 2, 5: to r. all 
hopes of a (successful) struggle, omnem 
spem contentionis d., Caes. B. G. 5, 19. 
7. résigno, 1 (lo pay back; very 
rare): I r. everything, cuncta resigno, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 34. 8, effundo, fudi, 
flsum, 3 (to cast away, let go): to r. 
one’s life, e. vitam, Ov. H. 7, 181: Virg. : 
Cie. Phr.: to r. a province, decedere 
provincia, Cic. Lig. 1, 2 (constr. also 
with ex, de, or rarely ab): to r, his 
civil appointments, abscedere civilibus 
muneribus, Liv. 9, 3, ad init.: he twice 
thought of r.ing the supreme power, de 
reddenda republica bis cogitavit, Suet. 
Aug. 28, init.: to r. themselves to mis- 
Jortune, submittere animos ad calami- 
tates, Liv. 23, 25, ad init.: to r. oneself 
to fate, praebere se fato, Sen. Prov. 5, 8: 
we r. ourselves to circumstances, damus 
nos rei ferendos, id. Ep. 13, 13 (Haase). 
(N.B.—Tradere, dedere se implics active 
devotion to anything, rather than passive 
submission, which is better expr. by 
praebere, permittere, etc.) 
resignation : |. The act of giv- 
ing up. 1. abdicatio; v. ABDICATION. 
2. éjiratio: Vv. RENUNCIATION. 
8. cessio (only as legal t. t.): v. 
SURRENDER. 4, expr. more freq. by 
a vb. Il. Calm submission: aequus 
animus: to bear a loss with 7., detri- 
mentum aequo animo ferre, Caes. B. G. 
5, 52 (Vv. also PATIENCE): with r., 
patienter atque aequo animo, id. B. C. 
3, 15. 
resigned (part. and adj.): to be r., 
aequo animo esse, Cic. Att. 6, 8,ad jin. : 
V. PATIENT. 
resin: resina: Plin. 16, 12, 23. 
Dimin.: resintila (a little bit of r.), 
Arnob. Phr.: 7. taken from the tree 
with a portion of the bark, pix corti- 
cata, Col. 12, 23, ad init. 
resinous: ], résinaceus: Plin. 
24, II, 59. Q. résindsus (full of 
resin): Plin. 26, 8, 30. 8. resinalis : 
Coel. Aur. 
resined: resinatus: 7. wine, r. vin- 
um, Plin. 23, 1, 24: Juv. 
resist: 1, résisto, stiti, 3 (constr. 
usu. with dat., absol., or pass. impers.) : 
to r. sorties, eruptionibus r., Caes. B. G. 
9, 24: tor. very bravely, acerrime r., id. 
ib. 7, 62: the power of the tribuneship 
7.s the wilfulmess of the consuls, vis tri- 
bunicia libidini resisuit consulari, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 6, 14: the roots r. cold, radices 
frigori resistunt, Plin. 19, 5, 23, ad jin. 
9. obsisto, stiti, stitum, 3 (constr. 
like preced.): I opposed and rd all his 
plans, omnibus ejus consiliis occurri at- 
que obstiti, Cic. Cat. 3,7, 17: i ts im- 
possible to r, nature, Daturae obsisti non 
potest, id. Fin. 2, 15, 49. 3. resto, 
stiti, 1 (rarer than resisto, with which it 
is often confused in MSS.: e.g. Liv. 6, 
30: constr. usu. absol.: rarely dat. or 
adversus) : although mo: e numerous u0K 
with difficulty r. a small number, paucis 
plures vix restatis, Liv. 23, 45, ad fin.: 
the plates 7.ing the javelins, restantibus 
laminis adversum pila, Vac. A. 3, 46. 
4. obsto, stiti, 1 (in this sense only 
V. WITHSTAND, THWART. 5, ré- 
pugno, t (constr. with dat. or contra : 
in poet. also subj. or inf.): they could 
neither +. nor escape, neque fr. neque 


effugere possent, Cic. Verr. §, 35,91: J- 


did not “assail”’ but r. your brother, non 
ego “ oppugnavi” tratrem tuum sed fra- 
tri tuo repugnavi, id. Fam. 5, 2, 10. to 
v. the evidence of sigit, r. visis, id. Acad. 
2, 34, 108. Join: r. obsistereque, id. 
Fin. 4, 7, 17: resistere et r, id. Rose 
Com. 17, 51. G6. adversor, r (usu 
with dat.: in Tac. witb acc.: In PL 











RESISTANCE 


KESOLVE 


RESORT 





with contra, adversus): to r, this man’s 
lust, adversari libidini hujus, Cic. Verr. 
5, 31, 82° although nature r.s, adver- 
sante et repugnante natura, id: Off. 1, 
31, I10: Vv. OPPOSE. 7, rétragor, 1: 
Vv. THWART. 8, rénitor, 3 (to struggle 
against): one motion r-s the other, alter 
motus alteri renitivur, Plin. 2, 82, 84: 
Liv.: Cels. 9, obnitor, nixus or nisus, 
3: V. STRUGGLE AGAINST. 10, tendo, 
tétendi, tensum, 3; (to strive in oppost- 
tion): when he sees Catiline r.ing with 
great force, ubi videt Catilinam magna 
vi tendere, Sall. C. 60: v. CONTEND. 
Phr.: to r. avarice, cupiditati obviam 
ire, Cic. Verr. 1,41, 106: the other legions 
dare not r., reliquae legiones contra 
consistere non audent, Caes. B. G. 2, 17: 
a hide that r.s all blows, contra omnes 
ictus cutis invicta, Plin. 8,25, 37: tor.a 
parent's authority, auctoritati parentis 
anteire, Tac. A. 5, 3. 

resistance: 1, expr. most freq. 
by the verbs: to have no thought of r., 
nibil de resistendo cogitare, Caes. B. C. 
2, 34: if it offers a greater r., si magis 
id renititur, Cels. 5, 28, 12, ad init. 

2. rénisus,is: id. ib. 3, répulsus, 
ts: the r. of a harder substance, r. du- 
rioris materiae, Plin. 8, 43,68. 4, ré- 

ugnantia: v.OPPOSITION.  §, défensio 
as amilit. ¢. ¢.); v. DEFENCE, 

resistless: 1, invictus; v. IRRE- 
SISTIBLE, UNCONQUERABLE. 2. in- 
démitus: r. death, i. mors, Hor. Od. 2, 
14, 4. 3. more freq. expr. by a verb: 
to be r.,nullo modo obsisti posse, Cic. 
Clu. 65, 183. Phr.: a7. force of the 
enemy, nec jam toleranda vis hostium, 
Liv. 36, 18. 

Tesistlessly : *ita ut resisti non pos- 
sit: to be borne 7. alony, rapi, Cic. Rep. 
I, 2, ad fin. 

resolute: 1, obstinatus (prop. a 
part., fixed, resolved: constr. with ad, 
contra, or rarely inf.): most r. valour, 
virtus obstinatissima, Sen. Ep. 71, 10: 
spirits r. for battle, animi ad decertan- 
dum o., Liv. 6,3,ad fin. Q, offirmatus 
(prop. a part.): a brave and r. spirit, 
animus fortis atque o., Pl. Am. 2, 2, 15 
(22): Cie. 8. firmus (steady): you 
are not r. in defending the right, non f. 
rectum defendis, Hor. S. 2, 7, 26: r. in 
his purpose, f. proposito, Vell. 2, 63, 3: 
V.STEADFAST. 4, Erectus (lit, upright), 
Tam much more 7., muito sum erectior, 
Cio. Phil. 4,1, 2. 5, promptus (/or- 
ward, ready): all the most r. were put 
fo death, promptissimus quisque inter- 
ciderunt, Tac. Agr. 3: r. audacity, p. 
audacia, Sall. C. 32. 6, fortis: a man 
rT. in opposing audacity, vir contra au- 
daciam fortissimus, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 
85: Vv. BRAVE, COURAGEOUS. 74 
praesens, ntis (collected: almost always 
joined with animus): to have a manly 
and r. spirit, animo virili et praesenti 
esse, Ter. Ph. 5,7 (8),64. Phr.: a7. 
mam, tenax propositi vir, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 1. 

resolutely : 1, obstinate: Caes. 
ReGie. 6: Ter. 9. offirmate: to 
resist r., 0. resistere, Suet. Tib. 25. 

8, constanter: v. FIRMLY. 4. 
prompte: to meet death r., necem p. 
subire, Tac. A. 16, Io. 5. fortiter : 
r. make for the port, f. occupa portum, 
Hor. Od. 1, 14, 2: Cic.: Caes.: v. 
BRAVELY, COURAGFOUSLY. 6. desti- 
nate: Amm. Phr.: if you act r. 
against him, si fortes fueritis in eo, Cic. 
Vern 1, 1,3. 

resolution:? |, Separation into 

resolve: § parts ; best expr. after 

ic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71, where, speaking of 
death, he says, “discessus et secretio ac 
diremptus earum partium quae junc- 
tione aliqua tenebantur”: or by dissi- 
patio (opp. to concretio) id. N. D. 1, 25, 
41: V. DISSOLUTION. i]. Solution : 

1, résdlitio the r. of a sophism, r. 
sophismatis, Gell. 18, 2. 2. sdliitio. 
id. ib.: Sen.: Vv, SOLUTION, EXPLANATION, 
(N.B.—As a musical t. t. perh. it may 
be expr. by *resolutio: cf. the verb.) 

Il. Firmness of purpose: ae 
obstinatio (firmness, in a good or bad 
sense): 7, of mind, o. animi, Sen. Ep. 


94, 7° Cic.: Vv. DETERMINATION: 2. 
constantia: to resort’to death with in- 
Jlexible r., irrevocabili constantia ad 
mortem decurrere, Plin. Ep. 3, 7,2: Cic.: 
V. CONSTANCY. 8. firmitas: v. PIRM- 
NESS, STEADFASTNESS. 4, mens, 
mentis, f. (courage): their r. is weak, 
and incapable of sustaining reverses, 
mollis ac minime resistens ad calami- 
tates perferendas m. eorum est, Caes, 
B. G, 3,19: inflexible r., m. solida, Hor, 
Od. 3, 3, 4 5, animus (spirit; esp. 
in such phr. as praesentia animi, etc.): 
with no less r. and confidence, non min- 
ore animo ac fiducia, Caes. B. C. 2, 4: 
bravery and r., a. acer ac praesens, Cic, 
de Or. 2, 20, 84: such was the valour 
and r. of the soldiers, ea militum virtus 
atque ea praesentia animi fuit, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 43. 6, consilium (rare: r. 
as the result of previous deliberation) : 
the barbarians were not wanting in r., 
barbaris c. non defuit, Caes. B. G. 5, 34 

IV, Settled purpose: 1, consilium: 
arash and hasty r., temerarium ac re- 
pentinum c., Cic. Inv. 2, 9, 28: danger- 
ous and hot-headed r.s seem more bril- 
liant than calm and thoughtful ones, 
periculosa et calida c. quietis et cogi- 
tatis splendidiora videntur, id. Off. 1, 24, 
82: to form a r., c. capere, Cic.; Caes. 
(foll. by ut or inf.) ; suscipere, Cic. Off. 
I, 31, 1123 inire, Caes. B. G. 6, 53 in- 
tendere, Ter. Andr. 4, 3, 18: to change 
one’s r., c. commutare, Caes. B. C. 2, 38: 
Jortune favours his r., comprobat ec. 
fortuna, id. B. G. 5, 58. 92, sententia 
(opinion, determination): to have 
adopted some fixed r., certa aliqua in 
sententia constitisse, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, ad 
tnit.: to overthrow any one’s 7., pro- 
posita s. (aliquem) depellere, id. Lig. 9, 
26: nor could Scipio adhere to his r., 
nec Scipioni stare sententia poterat, 
Liv. 21, 29: is this your r.? siccine est 
s.? Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 114. 3. pro- 
pdsitum: Vv. PURPOSE, PLAN. 4, des- 
tinatio: the r. of dying, d. mortis, Plin. 
36, 14, 21. Phr.: acertain r. and will 
of the mind, animi inductio quaedam et 
voluntas, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 32: it 
was Tiberius’ firm r., fixum Tiberio 
fuit, Tac. A. 1, 47: tf was his thorough 
r. to avoid the Roman arms, (ei) pe- 
| nitus infixum erat arma Romana vi- 
| tandi, Tac. A. 15, 5: youth helps greatly 
| to strengthen this r., multum ad hanc 
| Tem probandam adjuvat adolescentia, 
| Caes. B.C. 2, 28: whose arrival strength- 








r., consiilo, lui, sultum, 3 (constr. with | 
de or absol.): to form an unwise r., 
male c., Sall. C. 51, ad init. VA 
Jormal expression of opinion: nearest 
word sententia: his r. being unani- 
mously adcpted, omnium consensu hac 
sententia probuta, Caes. B.G.7, 15: freq. 

expr. by verb: v. RESOLVE, No. V. 
resolve (v.): |, To separate into 
parts : 1. dissolvo, vi, litum, 3; if 
the soul is a harmony it will be r.d, si 
animus est harmonia dissolvetur, Cic. 
| Tuse. 1, 11, 24: we see that anything 
| can be more rapidly r.d than recon- 
| structed, quidvis citius dissolvi posse 
| videmus quam refici, Lucr. 1, 556: asa 
medic. t. t. in Plin. 20, 12, 48 (in which 
sense also digerere, discutere are used 
by Plin. and Cels.): v. DISSOLVE, MELT. 
2. dissipo, 1: others think: the soul 


ened the r. of our men, cujus adventus | 
nostros firmavit, id. ib. 3, 65: to form a | 


| had 7.d to go straight along the Appian 
road to Rome, statueram recta Appia 
Romam (sc. ire), Cic. Att. 16, 10. 2. 
constituo, ui, fitum, 3 (constr. mostly 
with inf.): he r.d to wage war, bellum 
gerere constituit, Caes. B. G. 4, 6. 3. 
décerno, crévi, crétum, 3: he had r.d to 
cross the Rhine, Rhenum transire decre- 
verat, Caes. B. G. 4, 17: to r. to spend 
the rest of one’s days far from public life, 
reliquam aetatem a re publica procul 
habendam d., Sall. C. 4. 4. délibéro, 
I (mostly in part.): he had determined 
and rd not to be present, statuerat 
et deliberaverat non adesse, Cic. Verr. 
I, 1, 1. Join: d. et constituere, id. 
Agr. I, 8, 25. 5, obstino, 1 (rarely 
absol. foll. by inf, to be r.d on: constr. 
with acc., ad, or inf.): they had rd to 
conquer or to die, olstinaverant animis 
aut vincere aut mori, Liv. 23, 29: v. DE- 
TERMINE. 6, indiico, xi, ctum, 3 (constr. 
with animum or in animum, and a foll. 
inf. or subj.) : to r. to speak about divi- 
nation, animum i. de divinatione dicere, 
Cic. Div. 1, 13, 22: tor. to labour and 
to watch, in animum i., laborare, vigi- 
lare, Sall. C. 54. 7, expr. by certum 
est (constr. with dat. of person r.ing): 
Ihave r.d to say everything, certam est 
deliberatumque omnia dicere, Cic. Rose. 
Am. 11, 31: J have r.d to go to a phy- 
sician, certum est, ibo ad medicum, PL 
Merc. 2, 4, 4. 8. expr. sometimes by 
Sut. part. : r.d nowhere to trust himself 
to fortune, nullo loco fortunae se com- 
missurus, Liv. 22, 12, ad init.: they go 
to battle r.d to die, *vadunt in prarlium 
perituri, Nagelsb. Stil. p. 313. Phr.: 
I am r.d, consilium est mihi, Cic. Att. 
5,5: news ts brought that the Helvetians 
were r.d to march, renuntiatur Helvetiis 
esse in animo iter facere, Caes. B. G. 1, 
10: tf Iwere not firmly and unalterably 
r.d, si mihi non animo fixum immotum- 
que sederet, Virg. Aen. 4,15: if I were 
quite r.d upon anything, si satis con- 
silium quadam de re haberem, Cic. Att 
12, 50. V. To pass a formal resolu- 
tion: 1, censeo, 2 (used prop. of the 
Senate: constr. with acc. and inf., or 
subj.): the Senate r.d that he should de- 
Send the Aedui, senatus censuit uti Aeduos 
defenderet, Caes. B. G. 1, 35: V. DECREE. 
2. plicet, plicuit, and placitum 
est, 2 (to be approved or r.d on: constr. 
with acc. and inf., or subj. clause): i 
was r.d that letters should be written, 
placitum est ut epistolae scriberentur, 
Tac. A. 1, 36: Caes. B. G. 9, 15. 
resonant: résdnus: Vv. RESOUNDING, 
resort (v.) |. To frequent: 1, 
célébro, 1; or fréquento, I: Vv. FRE- 
QUENT. 2. comme, t (to visit often ; 
constr. with ad, in with acc., or adv. of 
direction): Delos, whither all used to 
r. with their wares, Delos, quo omnes 
cum mercibus commeabant, Cic. Manil 
18, 55: Caes. 8. ventito, 1 (to come 
often: constr. like preced.): chapmen + 
to them, ad eos mercatores ventitan, 





Caes. B. G. 4, 3. 4, confluo, fluxi, 3: 
V, FLOCK TOGETHER. ||. To have re- 
course to: 1, décurro, ciicurri or 


curri (the latter is more usu.: the former 
in Caes, and Liv.: sometimes tmpers.), 
cursum, 3: to r. to that Icind of exhorta- 
tion, d. ad istam hortationem, Cic, Caecin. 
23, 65: to r. to pitiful prayers, d. ad 
miseras preces, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 59: Caes. 
B.C. 1, 5. 9, descendo, di, sum, 3 (to 


~. 





ts r.d into its elements, alii animum cen- 
sent dissipari, Cic. Tusc, 1, 9, 18: v.) 
DISPERSE, SEPARATE. To solve, | 
explain : 1, dissolvo, vi, sdlitum, 3: 
how do you r. these points ? illa quem- 
admodum dissolvitis? Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 
29. 3. solvo, vi, sdlitum, 3 v. 
SOLVE, EXPLAIN. ||], As ¢.¢. in music: 
résolvo, vi, liitum, 3 (Kircher. Musurg. 
vol. i. p. 334, sq. Rome, 1650). IV. 
To determine: J, stituo, ui, itum, 3 
(constr. with ace. and inf, rel. clause, or 
subj.): he had rd to fight a battle, 
statuerat praelio decertare, Caes. B, C. 3, 
86 they r. to send 10,000 men into the 
town, statuunt ut x millia hominum in 
oppidum mittantur, id. B. G. 7, 21: 7 





lower oneself to: constr. with ad, rarely 
with acc. after in, or adv. of direction: or 
impers.): tor. to force of arms, & ad vim 
atque ad arma, Caes. B. C. 7, 33: they r. 
to that expedient timidly and gradually, 
timide ac pedetentim istuc descendunt, 
Cic. Quint. 16, 51: to 7. to extreme mea- 
sures, ad extrema d., Pollio in Cic, 
Fam. 10, 33, 4. to which they never 
rd before, quo nunqnam ante descen- 
sum est (al. discessum), Caes. B. C. 1, §. 
3, configio, fiigi, 3 (te take refuge): 
to r. to entreaties, c. ad preces, Quint. 6, 
1, 4: to r. to the mighty power of the 
Etruscans, c. ad fiorentes Etruscorum 
opes, Liv 1,2: (FLEK FOR) REFUGE. 4, 
récurro, curri, 3. to r. to Oe authors, 

—— 

zi 


RESORT RESPECT RESPECTFULLY 


or a happy life, nihil | v. REGARD. le 
beate vivendum, id. 
cultates, um, pl. f. 
nse): such intel- 
genii, Cic. Att. 3, 
his country being 
s jam patriae 


ad eos auctores r., Quint. I, 
vy HAVE RECOURSE. 


r.s in themselves f 
est in ipsis opis ad 


br.: to have r. to persons, 


], ratio: v. REFERENCE. 
by various nouns, which, 
used in certain 
he pou:er of for- 
magna est vis 


no spot to which 
nulla sedes quo concurrant, 
Cic. Att. 8, 3, 


not in sing. in this se 
1 v.s, tantae f. in 
10,ad med. : the 1.5 
‘ned, exhaustl 
facultatibus, Nep. H 
wit, fertile in 7.5, 
um, Quint. 10, 
se verieret non habe- 
; nibil (illi) relin- 
63: Lepidus being 
exuto Lepido, Tac. A. 


however, can only be 

phr. (i) pats, ts, f.:t 
tune is great in both 7.8, 
fortunae in utramque par 
2, 6, 193 in every 7» i 
Sest. 9, 21; omni ex (a) 
21,79. (ii) génus, généri 
r., in isto genere, Au 
every 7., in omni g;, 
some 7., in aliquo g., 
ef. id. Plane. 9, 23. 

that it would help 
r.s, in duas Tr. magn 
: in other 1.8, 


|. 4 frequented 
céléber: Cic. Part. 
eat 1., 1. cele- 


“a place of gr 
A ad jin. 2. 


id. Att. 12, 23, 
favourite r. of sea- 
Virg. Aen. 5, 
ic r., in stationibus 
ad init.: V. HAUNT. 


facile et copios 
had no r. left,quo 
bat, Cic. Phil. 2, 29,74 
quebatur, Caes. B.C. 
deprived of his 1.5, 


statio: a very 
a. gratissima mergis, 
to sit in places of publ 
Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 
a market town of the grea 
in the whole kingdom, 
alium totius regni 
Sall. J. 47: @ mar 
place of 7. durin 
coeptum frequentari 


parte, id. Am. 
in that 


Cic. Rep. 2, 20: 1m 
id. de Or. 2, 4, 17 
(iii.) res, rel, f. 
them in two importa: 
as id usui fore, Liv. 
ceteris r., Cic. Phil. 
in all 7., in omnibus 
deus (point): im 
Cat. 4, 10, 22: tm 
id. Tuse. 4, init. 


forum rerum ven- 
me celebratum, 
t which grew to be a 


. To esteem highly. 

to r. his fellow tribes- 
suos, Cic. Plane. 18, 45- 
tius in Cic. Fam. 
Q, cdlo, cdlui, cultum, 3 

: tor. any one, observantia c. 
ic. Fam. 12, 27: V- HONOUR. 

t is a stronger term than the 
ut weaker than the foll.: cf. 
2: not only to r. and love 
to feel profound 
se ac diligere, 
, véreor, itus, 2 


respect (v-) : 
1, observo, 1: 
men, 0. tribules 
emporium, Liv. 24, | Join: 0. et co 
II. Recourse : 
yv, also RECOURSE. 
tremum auxilium, Caes. : 


one r., uno loco, Cic. 
the last r., ex 


other things, ad omnia 
3, 46; Cic. Off. 2, 
ed nothing inr. of natural 
nihil isti neque a natura 
defuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 
de; Vv. RESPECTING, CON- 
y the abl. without 
they surpass the 
eory and practice 
scientia atque usu rerum 
teros antecedunt, Caes. 
ture is unwieldy 
quae (bellua) 
D. 1, 35, 97 (al. 
advs. or adv. phr. : 
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 14 


: Y, TO RE-ECHO. 
when struck 7.8 the 
lyre, lapis recrepat Cyll 
pulsus, Virg. Cir. 

1, réséno, 1 ( 
sound, or its source: 
the house 7.s with a loud 
sonat domus magno strep 
2, 12g: the thicket 
virgulta resonant avib 
he shores rT. Wt 
sonant alcyonen, id. ib. 3, 
recinere et r., Cic. B 
persono, ui, itum, I (0 
the house r.s with song, 
personat, Cic. 
itum, 1: the sea, 
orth wind, mare, 
Hor. Epod. 13, 3: 


the Cyllenian 
enia murmura 
||, Intrans.: 
with abl. of the 
poet. with ace.) : 


each other, but even 
regaré, non solu 
sed etiam vereri 


or education, 
ue a doctrina 
61, 229. (iii.) 
das an elder 
abat ut fratrem et jam 
fratrem verebatur, 
the slaves feared him, the 
him, all loved him, metue- 
bantur liberi, ommes 


as a brother, 
brother, quem am. a prep. (modal abl.) : 
others in r. of the th 
of navigation, 
nauticarum ce 
B.G. 3,8: but what crea 
in r. of figure? 
vastior ? Cic. N. 


tuneful birds, 
us canoris, Virg. 
bant servi, vere 
carum habebant, id. Sen. 11, 37- 
révéreor, itus, 2: V- TORE 
(to look up to): 
men, eos Vviros s., Cic. O 
, expr. by verbs like facio, 
m. of price, or 
Pompey, Pom- 
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 2: 


fisher, litora re 


in other r.s, cevérum, 
cetéroqui (-quin), 
19, 1; alioqui (-qu 
cetéro, alias, alibi, Plin. 
every 7., omNINO: V- 
omnia, Vell. 2, 
by a clause intr 
in r.to your request th 
my writings to you, 
tibi scripta mittam, Cic. 


tability : hdnestas: 
. omnem amittere, 
—Spectabilitas in 
et al, is an official 


. Worthy of respect : 
ble) : born in @ 


cantu domus 
aestimo, habeo, with ge 
adv.: I exceedingly r- 
peium plurimi facio, 
to r. any one’s authority 
alicujus magni aestimare, 
habere, Caes. B. G. 4, 213 


the woods, Tr. with the n 
silvae aquilone sonant, 
(N.B.— Exsono, 1, 
no, 3: Cic.: Vv. Te- 
(very rare) : Mart. 
(N.B.—Not only 
which follow, but also 


[not good]: in 
ENTIRELY: ad, in 
23, 65 2,13, 1+ 
oduced by quod (as fom): 
at I should send 


id. Att. 7, 155 


No. II. Phr.: 
his mind, ad 
licentiam, Cic. Rep. 
be expr. by abl. 


(used impers.): V. RELATE, 
as rs liberty to ch 
immutandam animi 
I, 28: as r.s is often to 

alone, or with a, ab: unprepared as 7.8 
a militibus, a 
foll. art. (ILL). 


pounds with re- 
the corresponding sim 
sometimes used to expr’ 
6, reclamo, I 
ing against the rocks, 
reclamant aequora, Vv 
7, récrépo, 1: 
r. cava cymb 
8, rémigio, 4 (to 
ian gulf ring % 
wind, Lonius remugien 
Epod. 10, 19: V! 
boo, 1 (to roar 
silvae, Virg. G. 
(to thunder back) : 
din, retonant loca fr 
ll. régemo, tf (to 
Stat. Th. 5,389. 12. 
13. rétinnio, 4, 
praef., § 2, 18 dub. 
resounding : 


Fam. I, 9, 23- 


ess the idea of 
the seas, dash- 
r., scopulis illisa Am. 39, 114. 
Cod. Justin. 9, 27; 5 
title, and therefore 
respectable: 

1, honestus (honoura 
r. station, honesto loco natus, 
is no opening for r. occupa- 
s est locus, Juv. 3, 
brigandage r., 
estum putant, Cic. 
_ vénérabilis: v. BE- 
(often used of 
nd standing), Cic. 


(N.B.—Spectabi 
cial epithet.) Phr.: 
in the stute are agreed, 
civitatis una consenti 
10g: a tolerably 7. Sr 


men, money, imparatus 
pecunia, Cic. Att. 7,15: 
respect (subs.) : 
1, observantia : 
in r. for you, mea ti 
Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3- 
aetate aut sapien 
ua dignitate antecedentes vener- 
colimus,” id. Inv. 2, 22: obser- 
otes observation, 


the hollow cymbals 


bellow back) : 


Twas never wanting 
with the south 


bi o. nunquam defuit, 
(it is def., as “ per 
tia aut honore | tions, artibus h. nullu: 
21. the Cretans ¢ 


Cretes latrocinari hon 


ds r., reboant 


vatio, which in Cic. den 
is used for respect in Val. Max. 1, 
9. hinor: to give to every one the ra 
and r. due to him, suum cuique gradum 
et h. reddere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136 
to mention any one out 
honoris causa nominare, i 
: Vv. HONOUR, ESTEEM. 
rentia (stronger than either 
ced.): r, for what ts just and 
recti r. et aequi, Mart. 11, 5, I: self-r., 
6: the greatest r. is 
ima debetur pueris 
how r., tr. adbibere, 


the place r.s with 
emitu, Catull. 63, 82. 
r. with groans) : 
Jango, 3: Amm. 
in Varr. K. R. 2, 

of 7., aliquem 
. d. ib. 2, 6, et omnes honestates 
résdnabilis: Ov. M. 3 
persénus (ringing) : 
r. by a part.: the 
far-r. Aufidus, longe sonan 
Hor. Od. 4, 9, 2: V- RE 


eedman, mundior 
libertinus, Hor. Sat. 2, 7, 12+ 
able, tolerable: toléral 
respectably : 
neste. 7. dressed, h. 
8, 16, 111, § 31: Ho 


bilis: v. TOLERABLE, 
l. Becomingly : 
vestiti, Varr. L. L. 
r.: Cic.; V. BECENTLY, 
|, Tolerably : toléra- 


SOUND, SOUND. 

, subsidium (@ help 
upon) : I have prey 
lf from my youth, 
ntia comparavi, 


sui r., Sen. Ep. 25, 
due to boyhood, max: 
r., Juv. 14, 47: fo Si 
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99 (4. V.): V REVERENCE. 
(in this sense rare; 
bj.) : 7. for this rank, 
Liv. 4, 45, ad fin.: 7. 
d. 1, 6, ad fin. 
fis; undue self-r., nimius sui 


s. ab adolesce 
I, 45,199: fo pro 
life, subsidia ad 
are, id. Fam. 9, 6, 


biliter, satis: Vv. 
constr. with gen. 0! 
mines vitae status par- | V- hujus ordinis, 
4: Caes. B. G. 4, 31° 
_ auxilium (help, aid): 
of two great r.s, 


ut Tr. as a man, med 
s, homo, Cic. Clu. 16, 47% 
a most highly r.man, spt ctatissimus vir, 
id. Fam. 5, 12, 7° V- ESTEEM, 
respectful : 
most r. towar 
mei homo, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, 
révérens: his language towar 
ther was r., sermo erga patrem 
I, 1]: V. REVERENTIAL. 
vérecundus (showing @ proper sense @ 
others): V. MODEST. 


ive the Romans 
duo a. detrahere Romanis, 
the last r., extremum a. 


(relligio: @ re 
an oath, vr. juris ju 

7, spectatio: Flor. 
utterly the r. of good 
judicium funditus 
4,3: my manner 


ligious r. or aave): 7. Jor 


1, observans: @ man 
randi, Cic. Font. 9, 20. 


31, 33- to try me, observantissimus 
experiri, Caes. B. G. 3, 5+ 
fis (remedy): to have nor. 
seller, nullum adversus ven 
bere r., Pomp. Dig. 21, 
RETREAT, REMEDY. 
plur.: esp. freq. as 
geek some other r. 
quam aliam quaerat cop 
serat, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 
t. t. v. FORCES. 
Cic. Verr. 2, 55, 135. 


of life has procured 
tae ratio dimanavit 
hominum, id. Cael. 
rise out of r.to him when 


_ copia (mostly 
milit. t. t.): lest he 
and desert you, ne 
jam ac te de- 


shame or deference to 
Phr.: they rise from their 
r. manner, honorifice consurgitur, 
Verr. 4, 62, 138. 
respectfully: 





3,6: did any 
he came into the senate-house ? an quis- 
curiam venienti 
26: to pay one’s 7.8 lo any 
m, Sall. Cat. 28: my 
his r.s (in a letter), 
cerone, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 
attention: ratio: 


5 

facultates et c., 
5. (ops), opis, f 
not used: iu this sense usu. 
of the state, tantae 0. 
1; they have no 


1, révérenter : Plin. 

Q. vérécundé: 
3, expr. by circumL 
cum summa observantia, etc.: Ve RS 


one, salutare alique' 
son Cicero sends you 
salvebis a meo Ci 


Vv. MODESTLY. 
pl.): the vast 1.8 

icae, Cic. Sest. I, 
678 


ae B 


me 


RESPECTING 


respecting (prep.): 1, de (constr. 
with ToL): his language r. himself, 
sermo de se, Tac. H. 1, 17: Cic.: v. 
ABOUT, CONCERNING. Q, circa (constr. 
with acc.): a dispute r. words, c. verba 
dissensio, Quint. 3, 11, 5: Tac. 
respective Expr. by the pron. 
respectively { quisque, or a distri- 
butive pron. or adj.: each (constituent) 
part in nature, whether of body or mind, 
has its r. energy, cujusque partis naturae 
et in corpore et in animo sua quaeque 
vis est, Cic. Fin. 5, 17,46: to appoint one 
commandant to each leyion r., singulis 
legivnibus singulos legatos praeficere, 
Caes. B.G. 1, 52: to billet two gladiators 
on each householder r., gladiatores binos 
singulis patribus fumiliarum distribuere, 
Cic. Att. 7, 14, ad init.: also expr. by 
hic. .. ille: v. one, No. V.: tf they 
each reply r., si respondeant singuli 
separatim, Justin. Inst. 3, 16: so, pro- 
prie, singillatim: v. INDIVIDUALLY : 
viritim, Sall. J. 49, ad med. 
respirable: spirabilis: Cic. Tuse. 1, 
17, 49. es ' 
respiration: 1, respiratio: Cic. 
‘im. 6. Q. respiratus, is: the lungs 
expand by r., pulmones respiratu se di- 
latant, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 136. 3. spi- 
Titus, ts (a breathing): the air i: haled 
by r. sustuins living creatures, aer spi- 
ritu ductus alit animantes, Cic. N. D. 2, 
39, tor - (in the foll. phr. it prop. de- 
notes the breath drawn): his r. ts be- 
coming difficult, s. labitur, Tac. A. 6. 50: 
s. interclusus arte meat, Curt. 3, 6, 14: 7., 
spiritis meatus, Quint. 7, ro, 10 (cf. Plin. 
Ep. 6, 16, 13): his r. had grown easier, 
liberius me:re s. coeperat, Curt. 3, 5, 9. 
4, suspirium: Lucan 9, 928 (in pl.). 
5, respiracilum: Mamert. Phr.: 
difficulty of r., difficultas spirandi, Cels. 
4 4, 2; anhélitus, is, Cic.. v. asrHMa, 
PANTING: to take away the breath and 
impede r., spiritum intercludere nec 
animam reciprocare sinere, Liv. 21, 58: 
7., aspiratio aeris, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83: 
to carry on the functions of r., attrahere 
et reddere animam, Plin. 11, 37, 72. 
respire: respiro, 1. Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 
138: Vv. BREATHE, and preced. art. 
respiratory: spirabilis: r. organs, 
Ss. viscera, Plin. 9, 7, 6: it may also be 
expr. by spirandi officina, id. 11, 37, 72: 
ar. organ, perh. conceptaculum spiritus, 
Gell. 18, 10, ad fin. (For the erroneous 
views of the ancients on this subject, see 
Cic. N. PD. 2, 55, 138: Whewell, Hist. 
Ind. Sc. vol. iii. p. 327.) 
respite: 1, mora (delay): to seek 
ar. from punishment, m. supplicii 
quaerere, Cic. Verr. 5, 64, 165: v. RE- 
PRIEVE, DELAY. Q, intermissio: with- 
out any r., sine ulla intermissione, Cic. 
N. D. 1, 41, 114: v. INTERMISSION. 3, 
intercapédo, inis, f. (an interval): ar. 
From trouble, i. molestiae, Cic. Fin. 1, 18. 
61. 4, laxamentum (a relaxation): 
if there were any r. from war, si quid 
laxamenti a bello esset, Liv. 9, 41, ad 
med.: Cic.: v. REST. Phr.: to seek a 
Jew days’ r., paucorum dierum inter- 
jectum petere, Tac. A. 3,67: to grant a 
Jew days’ r. for a payment, paucos dies 
ad solvendum prorogare, Cic. Phil. 2, 
29, 14- 
resplendence: splendor: v. BRIGHT- 
NESS, BRILLIANCY : (resplendentia occurs 
in Aug.). 
resplendent: splendidus: v. sricut, 
BRILLIANT. Phr.: to be 7., resplendére, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 741; renidére, Hor. Od. 
2, 18, 2. 
resplendently : 
BRIGHTLY, BRILLIANTLY. 
respond: respondeo, di, sum, 2; 
v. ANSWER. 
respondent: |. One who answers: 
responsor. Pl. Rud. 1, 4, 7: better expr. 
byaverb: v.aANSWER.  |f, 7.t.inlaw: 
reuS: ¥. DEFENDANT, ACCUSED. Phr.: 
one side is that of the plaintiff, the other 
that of the r., pars altera agentis est, 
altera recusantis, Quint. 3, 10, 1. 
response: 
ply; also, the opinion of an oracle): 
Cic.: Liv.: v. ANSWER 


splendide: v. 





1, responsum (a re-— 


2 carmen, 


REST 


carminis,’n. (of an oracle): v. PROPHECY, 
In eccl. sense, cuntus responsorius or 
responsorium, Isid. Orig. 6, 19: antl- 
phona, Paulin. Vit. Ambr. § 13. 

responsibility ; nearest word prae- 
statio (warranty): to write under the r. 
of proving one’s statements, ad p.scribere, 
Sen. Brev. Vit. 13, ad fin.: it may also 
be expr. by OBLIGATION. Phr.: to un- 
dertalce a heavy r., onus officii suscipere, 
Cic. Rose. Am. 38, 112: to undertake so 
difficult a matter with its attendant r., 
tantam difficultatem cum crimine sus- 
cipere, id. Verr. 5, 24, 61 (Niagelsb.): on 
my own r., meo periculo, id.: Vv. RISK. 

responsible: |. Accountable: 1, 
reus (one who is bound, liable): that 
each one should be r. for defending his 
own part, ut suae quisque partis tuendae 
reus esset, Liv. 25, 30: v. ACCOUNT- 
ABLE. 2. expr. by praesto, stiti, 
stitum and statum, 1 (to be r. for): 
nobody can be r. for popular impulses, 
impetus populi nemo p. potest, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 28, 124: to be r. jor nothing, uibil 
p., id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3,9 9. 3. expr. by 
various phr.: to live under the im- 
pression that we are r., ita vivere ut 
ra'ionem reddendam nobis arbitremur, 
Cic Verr. 2, 11, 28: to be r. for Cassius, 
pro Cassio recipere, id. Fam. 11, 1, 4: 
to hold any one r., rationem reposcere 
ab aliquo, Caes. B. G. 5, 30: the upinion 
has prevailed that he is r. on the ground 
of negligence, praevaluit culpae nomine 
teneri eum, Justin. Inst. 3, 25, 9: to ren- 
der r., obligo, 1: Vv. BIND (and Smith’s 
ict. Ant. under obligatio): a, guardian 
who ws not r., aneclogistus, Julianus in 
Ulp. Dig. 26, 7.5,$7- — |. Substantial, 
able to pay: léctiples, tis (trusty orthy, 
safe, sure): we are prisoners who are 
sufficiently r., rei satis }, sumus, Liv, 9, 
g, ad fin. : Cie. 

responsive: répirabilis: v. REPEAT- 
ING, RESOUNDING: where two persons or 
sets of persons answer each other in 
turn, alternus, Virg E. 3, §g (amoebaeus, 
Serv., ad loc.). Phr.: Echo resounds, 
7. to their wailing, plangentibus assonat 
echo, Ov. M. 3, 507. 

responsively : responsive : Ascon. 
ad Cic. Verr. 1, 56, ad fin.: v. preced. art. 
(antiphonatim occurs in late eccl. Latin). 

ap ae |. Repose: 1, quies, 
@tis, f. (r. from care or labour): the 
most placid r., placatissima q., Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 41, 97: soothing r., blanda 
q., Stat. Silv. 2, 2, 140: indolent r., 
pigra q., id. 2, 3, 66: death is a state 
of r. from toils and sufferings, mors 
laborum ac miseriarum q. est, Cic. Cat. 
4, 4,7: to give the army three hours’ r., 
exercitui tres horas ad quietem dare, 
Caes. B.G. 7, 41: my mind is on the 
watch and I take no r., excubo animo 
nec ullam partem capio quietis, Cic. Att. 
g, 11, ad fin. Join: q. et tranquillitas, 
id. de Or. 1, 1, 2. Transf.: of sleep: 
gentle r., mollis q., Catul. 63, 38: to go 
tor., ire ad quietem; quieti se tradere, 
Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60 and 61; dare, Caes. 
B.C. 2, 14: to disturb one’s r., q. ali- 
cnjus turbare, Prop. 1, 3, 17): V. SLEEP. 
(N.B.—Quies was personified, and wor- 
shipped at Rome, Liv. 4, 41.) 2, ré- 
quies, étis, 7. (no pl. or dat. sing.: acc. 
requietem or requiem; abl. requiete 
and requie): r. from toils, r. laborum, 
Cic. Off. 2, 2, 6: to seek r. from one’s avo- 
cations, ex occupationibus r. quaerere, 
Lucceius in Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 1. 3: 
otium aera hence repose: some- 
times pl. in poet.): to pray the gods for 
r., otium divos rogare, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 1: 
a god hath given us this r., deus nobis 
haec o. fecit, Virg. Ecl. 1, 6: to take re- 
Suge in the haven of r., in portum otii 
confugere, Cic. Brut. 2, 8. Join: pax, 
tranquillitas, 0., id. Agr. 2, 37, 102: 80, 
the profoundest calm of peace and r., 
summa tranquillitas pacis et otii, id. ib. 
X53; 24. 4, pax, pacis, f. (peace: 
chiefly in poet.) : now he reposes, lapped 
in peaceful r., nunc placida compostus 
pace quiescit, Virg. Aen. 1,245. Phr.: 
to be at r., requiescere: Vv. REST (v.): to 


have one’s mind at r., tranquillo esse | I, 9 5. 


REST 





animo, Cic. Sen. 20, 74: to give the enemy 
no r., hosti nibil laxamenti dare, Liv. 35, 
21: Antony gave me no r., nhunquam per 
Antonium quietus fui, Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 1: 
ambition allowed men’s minds no r., 
ambitio animos hominum exercebat, 
Sall. C. 11, ad init.: no leisure brings 
me r. from toil, nullum ab labore me 
reclinat otium, Hor. Epod. 17, 24: a sea- 
son of lengthened r., \ongae feriae, id. Oe 
4, 5, 37: ar. (in music), * pausa; mori. 
. A support: statimen, inis, n.: 
Vv. SUPPORT, PRUP: Vara is used for a 
pole to spread nets on, Lucan 4, 439 (also 
ames); by Auson. Idyll. 12, praef. for 
ar. on which a cioss plank is sup- 
ported, Phr.: the stupid r.s of the little 
bridge, inepta crura ponticuli, Catul. 17, 
3 (in a comic pass.): the r. of a lance, 
*loculamentum bastae (7): he rides, 
lance in r., against the consul himself, in 
ipsum infestus consulem dirigit equum, 
Liv. 2, 6, (q. v.): to set lance in r., perh. 
*hbastam protendere, after ‘lac. A. 2, 21- 
Ul. The remainder : expr. by adjs. : 
(i.) réliquus (remaining, afler the sub- 
traction of a certain quantity: often 
used subs.) : the r. of the night, reliquum 
noctis, Liv. 2, 25 (cf. Cic. Sen. 20, 72): 
the r. of the army, reliquus exercitus, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 22: the r. tool to flight, 
reliqui fugae se mandarunt, id. ib. 1, 12: 
as for the r., quod reliquum est, de re- 
liquo, Cic. Att. 16, 15; 16, 13¢. (ii) 
céter-, ra, rum (no nom, sing. mase. : 
rare in sing.: the r., viewed as a whole): 
there were very few remaining, and the 
r. were dismissed, erant perpauci reliqul, 
ceteri dimissi, Cic. Verr. 5, 34, 87: the r. 
of their lifetime, c. vita eorum, Sall. C. 
52, ad fin.: more polished than the r., 
ceteris humaniores, Caes. B. G. 4, 3. 
ili.) alins (not in Cic.: used where two 
contrasted objects form a whole): the r. 
of the army, a. exercitus, Liv. 21, 27: 
Caes. Phr.: as for the r., quod superest, 
Cic. Att. 9, 19, ad fin.: ceteroquin, id. : 
Vv. RESPECT (subs.), ILL. 
rest, tofind: 1, conquiesco, évi, 
étum, 3 (to find r. or pleasure for the 
feelings and affections): to find r. in 
the mutual affection of a friend, c. in 
amici mutua benevolentia, Cic. Am. 6, 22. 
2. acquiesco, évi, étum, 3 (syn. of 
preced.: constr. in Cic. mostly with in: 
also with abl. or dat.): we old men find 
r. tn the love of the young, senes in ca- 
ritate adolescentium acquiescimus, Cic. 
Am. 27, Iol. 
rest (v.): A. Intrans.: |, Zo 
be at rest, repose: 1. quiesco, évi, 
étum, 3 (very freq. in the poets): the 
sword r.s in its sheath, ensis vagina 
quiescit, Stat.S. 4, 5,51: the raging seas 
had r.'d (sunk to rest), saeva quierant 
aequora, Virg. Aen. 4, 523: of r. in sleep, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 14, 32: ofr. in the grave; 
mayst thou r. calmly, placide quiescas, 
Tac. Agr 46: the land rs (i. e. lies 
fallow), terra quiescit, Plin. 17, 5, 3, § 40. 
9. réquiesco, évi, tum, 3: lor. on 
one’s bed, r. lecto, Prop. 1, 8, 33: ot to 
r. at all during the night, r. nullam 
partem noctis, Cic. Rose. Am. 34, 97 
when the mind r.s after many dangers, 
ubi animus ex multis periculis requievit, 
Sall. C. 4, ad init.: esp. of the dead: to 
r. in the grave, r. in sepulcro, Cte. Tusc. 
I, 44, 107: to r. im peace, r. in pace, 
Inscr. 8, acquiesco, évi, Etum, 3 (lo 
become physically quiet): to r. three 
hours, tres horas a., Cic. Att. 13, 34: to 
r. (= to die) in his oth year, anno a. 
septuagesimo, Nep. Han. 13: Inser. 
4, conquiesco, évi, étum, 3 (f r. 
wholly); to r. at noontide, meridie c., 
Caes. B.G. 7, 46: when has his dagger r.’a 
(= been unemployed)? quando illius sica 
conquievit? Cic. Mil. 14,37. §, inter- 
quiesco, évi, étum, 3 (tor. between whiles, 
pause): when I had said this, and had 
r.'d a little, cum haee dixissem et pau- 
lulum interquievissem, Cic. Brut. 23, 
g1: Sen. Ep. 78, 9. 6. cesso, 1 (to be 
inactive): tf you can r. awhile, si quid 
c. potes, Virg. Ecl. 7,10: why are your 
Jeet at r.? quid cessarunt pedes? Phaedr. 
Phr.: to r., quietem capere, 
679 


RESTED 


RESTORATIVE 


RESTORER 





Caes. B. G. 6, 27: the Furies never let 
them r., Furiae nunquam consistere pa- 
tiuntur, Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 66: to 7. 
From care and business, vacare cura et 
negotio, id. Leg. 1, 3, 8: my eyes 7.’d on 
their countenances, oculi mei in eorum 
vuitu habitabant, id. Phil. 12, 1, 2: 
“ here r.s” (in epitaphs), hic situs est, 
Tib. 3, 2, 29: v. LIE. I], Zo be sup- 
ported on, depend upon: 1, nitor, 
nisus and nixus,3 (constr. with abl.: 
rarely abl. with in, or de: in fig. sense 
with in and abl. or adv. of place): to r. 
on his spear, n. hasta, in hastam, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 7603 12, 398: Vv. TOLEAN. Fig.: 
to r. on his influence, auctoritate n., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 43: on whose life r.’d the 
safety of the state, in cujus vita nitebatur 
salus civitatis, Cic. Mil. 4, 19. 9, in- 
nitor, nixus or nisus (T'ac.), 3 (constr. 
with dat. or abl.): rang on his spear, 
innixus hastue, Ov. M. 14, 819: Caes. 
Fig.: these concerns, r.ing on the shoul- 
ders of us all, haec innixa in omnium 
nostrum humeris, Auct. Har. Resp. 27, 
60. 3, annitor, nisus or nixus, 3 (to lean 
upon: constr. with ad or dat.): a spear 
ring against a pillar, hasta annixa co- 
lumnae, Virg. Aen. 12, 92: Cic. Am. 23, 
88. 4, réquiesco, évi, étum, 3 (very 
rare): the vine 1.5 on the elm, vitis re- 
quiescit in ulmo, Ov. M. 14, 665. sp 
expr. by situm esse (in aliquo, in aliqna 
re; only in fig. sense): as far as 7.s 
with me, quantum est situm in nobis, 
Cic. Arch. 1, 1: the sole power in this 
affair 7.s with you, hujusce rei potestas 
omnis in vobis sita est, id. Mur. 39, 83: 
V. DEPEND. Phr.: ring against the 
trunk of a tree, arboris acclinis trunco, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 835: the supreme power 
rd with him, ad hune respiciebat 
summa imperii, Caes. B. C. 3, 5: the 
power r.s upon your shoulders, humeris 
tuis sedet imperium, Plin. Pan. Io. 

B. Trans.: Yo cause to rest or 
depend: 1, répono, podsui, pdsitum, 3: 
the cranes r. their heads and necks on 
the backs of those who fly before them, 
grues in tergo praevolantium colla et 
capita reponunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125. 
Fig.: Ir. the whole cause on your cle- 
mency and good feeling, in vestram 
Mansuetudinem atque bumanitatem to- 
tam causam repono, id. Sull, 33, 92. 


2. applico, avi, and ui, atum and | 
itum. 1 (¢o place near or at): tor. them- | 


selves against the trees, a. se ad arbores, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 21. 
rested: réquiétus (part. and adj.: 
refreshed): the soldiers, r. and fresh, 
miles r., integer, Liv. 44, 38, ad jin. : Ov. 
resting: quiétus: the night had 
found them r., quietos nox habuerat, 
Tac. A. 1, 49: Cic.: v. QUIET, TRAN- 
quit, Phr.: 7. in sleep, somno positus, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 527: 7. (on a couch, etc.), 
reclinis: V. RECLINING. 
resting-place: _1. expr. by locus 
(pl. l6ca) and qualifying words : to find 
no r., 1. consistendi non reperire, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 18, 42: a quiet r., tranquillus ad 
quietem 1, id. Rep. 1, 4: @ most quiet 
and peaceful r., 1. quietis et tranquil- 
litatis plenissimus, id. de Or. 1, 1, 2. 
9. ciibile, is, x. (a place to repose 
in: of beasts, a lair): my 7. is the earth, 
mihi c® est terra, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, go: 
Tac. A. I, 49. 8, sédes, is (settled 
abode); may it be the r. of my old age, 
sit meae sedes utinam senectae! Hor. 
Od. 2, 6, 6. 4, déversorium (a r. 
on a journey, an inn: also fig.): to stop 
at Caesar’s speech, as at some conve- 
nient r., requiescere in Caesaris sermone, 
quasi in aliquo peropportuno d., Cic. 
de Or. 2, 57, 234. 5, sépulcrum: v. 
GRAVE, sEpULCHRE. [N.B.—JIn inscr. 
and ecc!. authors we find quietorium, 
requictorium: a single grave is cubi- 
culum, dormitio; a collection of graves, 
coemeterium (sleeping-place), or area 
(churchyard).) Phr.: to have a refuge 
and r., habere quo confugias, ubi con- 
quiescas, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2. 
restitution: 1, restititio (a ¢. ¢. 
in law): Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 22: more fully 
expr. By r. in integrum: v. Dict. Ant. 
Bo 








2, rélatio (a bringing back: very 
rare) a voluntary r., r. voluntaria, Sen. 
Ep. 81,10. 8, réfectio (a repairing) : 
Vv. RESTORATION. Phr.: to make r., re- 
stituere: v. RESTORE, REDRESS, AMENDS: 
to demand r., res repetere, Liv. 4, 58 
(esp. of the fetiales): a law to enforce 
the r. of misapplied funds, lex de pe- 
cuniis repetundis, Cic.: v. Dict. Ant. 

restitutory : restititorius: Ulp. 
Dig. 43, 1,1. (N.B.—Exhibitorius means 
“relating to the production of any object 
with a view to restitution :” cf. Just. Inst. 
4, 15. I.) 

restive: no exact equiv.: express 
by (equus) ferocitate resultans, Cic. Off. 
I, 26, 90; contumax ad frena, Veg. Vet. 
4, 6, 3: perh. also ferox, Pl. Men. 5, 2, 
110: also sternax, acis (one that throws 
his vider), Virg. Aen. 12, 364. 

restiveness: animus adversus equi- 
tem contumax, Veg. Vet. 4, 6, 8: con- 
tumacia, Col. 6, 2, Io (said of oxen): or 
simply ferocitas, v. preced. art. 

restless: 1, inquiétus: 
Adriatic, i. Adria, Hor. Od. 3, 3,5: 7. am- 
bition, i. animus, Liv. 1, 46. Q. in- 
quies, @tis (less freq. than preced.): ar. 
man, i. vir, Vell. 2, 68, 3: Tac. 3. 
irréquiétus (poet.): 7. Charybdis, i. Cha- 
rybdis, Ov. M. 13, 730. (The form irré- 
quies, étis, is found in Auson., and 
irrequiebilis in Scrib.) 4, turbidus 
(disturbed, agitated): a r. motion, t. 
motus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 33, 80: a 7. dispo- 
sition, t. ingenium, Tac. A. 14, 59: 7. 
thoughts, cogitationes t., Quint. 9, 4, 12: 
Vv. DISLURBED. 5, tumultudsus (in a 
state of violent commotion): the r. sea, 
t. mare, Hor. Od. 3, 1,26: 7. in time of 
peace, in otio t., Liv. 4, 28: sleep which 
is r. from dreams, somnus per somnia t., 
Cels. 8, 4, ad med. G. sollicitus (agi- 
tated: rare in lit. sense): the r. sea, 
s. mare, Virg. G. 4, 262: Vv. UNEASY, 
ANxious. Phr.: the r. tossing of the 
waves, variae agitationes fluctuum, Cic. 
Mur. 17, 35 (q. v.): what if your mind 
is r.? quid si animus fluctuat? Pl. Merc. 
5, 2,49: you see in what ar. age we live, 
videtis in quo motu temporum versemur, 
Cic. Fiac. 37, 94 (q- v.). 

restlessly ; inquiete: Amm. 27, 3,2: 
better expr. by adj.: whilst thou wan- 
derest r., dum tu inquietus erras, Mart. 
12, 18, I. 

restlessness: 1, inquies, étis, 7: 
r. at night, i. nocturna, Plin. 14, 22, 28, 
§ 142. 2. inquiétido, inis, f.: Sen. 
Ben. 2, 8 (dub.); Cod. 3. concursatio 
(a running to and fro): the r. of a dis- 
tracted mind, c, exagitatae mentis, Sen. 
Hips 55 4, expr. better and more 


the vr. 


freq. by mOtus, ts: he passed the whole | 


of that night wide awake, and in great 
r., totam noctem cum magno motu per- 
petuis vigiliis egit, Curt. 7, 5, 16: 7. and 
activity of thought, m. cogitationis cele- 
riter agitatus, Cic. Orat. 39,134. Join: 
agitatio et m., id. Div. 2, 62, 128: so 
also, a perpetual r. of the mind, mentis 
agitatio quae nunquam acquiescit, id. 
Off. 1, 6, 19. 

restoration: 1. restitiitio: ther. 
of the Capitol, r. Capitolii, Suet. Vesp. 8, 
ad fin.: the r. of freedom, r. libertatis, 
Val. Max. 4,1, ertr.4. Q. restauratio: 
Julian. Dig. 23, 5, 7. 8. réfectio: 
Suet. Caes. 15: Cels. (refectus, ts, Dig.) 

4, instauratio: Eumen. 9, rédin- 
tegratio: Macr. G, réparatio: Inscr. 
7, résumptio (r. to health)- Coel. 

Aur.: Vv. RECOVERY. Phr.: ther. of the 
king, reductio regis, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4: ef. 
Liv. 2, 15, ad init.: the 7. of harmony, 
reconciliatio concordiae, Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 
25: the r. of power, restituta potestas, 
Liv. 3, 52, ad init.: r. to life, redaui- 
matio, Tert.: r. of the body to tts.former 
state, recorporatio, id. 

restorative (adj.): resumptivus ; 
resumptorius ; recorporativus: Coel. 
Aur. (N.B—The above only as me- 
dical terms; otherwise expr. by verb: 
aptus ad corpora reficienda ; spiritui 
revocando utilis, etc.) 

restorative (swbs.): médicamen- 
tum. Cic.: V- REMEDY, MEDICINE. 





restore: |. To put into a former 
condition : 1, restituo, ui, itum, 3 
(esp. freq. with in): to r. one’s eyesight, 
r. visum, Plin. 25, 8, 50: to r. the line of 
battle, r. aciem, Liv. 5,18: tor. Sicily to 
its Jormer state, r. Siciliam in antiquum 
statum, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 4, 12: tor. to 
favour, r. rursus in gratiam, Ter. Hec. 
3,1,11. Q, restauro,1: tor. a theatre, 
r. theatrum, Tac. A. 3, 72; to r. to its 
original state, r. in pristinum statum, 
Ulp. Dig. 43, 21,1,§ 6. 3, rédico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (to lead back: @ in Luer.): tor. 
the king, r. regem, Cic. Rab. Post, 8, 19: 
to establish or r. a precedent of that 
kind, vel instituere vel r. ejusmodi ex- 
emplum, Plin. Ep. 4, 29: as a syn. of 
restituere, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4. 4, ré- 
féro, rettli (rettili), rélatum, 3 (to bring 
back): to r. certain ceremonies after a 
long interval, quasdam caerimonias ex 
magno intervallo r., Liv. 3, 55. Join: 
r. et renovare, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 21, 683 
repetere ac r., id. ib. 21, 67. 5, in- 
stauro, 1: to r. the flavour of wines, 
vina i., Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 126. Join: 
renovare, et inst., Cic. Verr. Act. I, 4, I1. 
6, rén6vo, 1 (fo renew): to r. a pic- 
ture, picturain jam evanescentem colori- 
bus iisdem quibus fuerat r., Cic. Rep. 5,1: 
Vv. TO RENEW. 7. réficio, féci, fectum, 
3: tor. the disordered ranks, r. tarbatos 
ordines, Liv. 3, 70, ad init.: to r. the 
welfare of the state, communem salutem 
r., Cic. Sest. 6, 15: being r.'d (to health), 
I thank thee, refectus tibi grates ago, 
Catul. 44, 16: V. REFRESH.  §, réparo, 
I: vV. BEPAIR. 9, integro, I (very 
rare): to r. the joints that had gradually 
become diseased, i. elapsos in pravum 
artus, ‘lac. H. 4, 87. 10. répono, 
posui, positum, 3 (replace): to r. us to 
our throne, nos in sceptrar., Virg. Aen, 
1,253. 11, réconcilio, 1 (re-establish) : 
to 7. harmony, r. concordiam, Liv. 2, 32: 
to r. to favour, reducere, r., restituere in 
gratiam, Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 23. 
récaro, 1 (to r. to health): Catul. 44, 15. 
18. restruo, xi, ctum, 3: Tert. 
Phr-.: to r. to liberty, vindicare in liber- 
tatem, Cic.; Caes.: to r. vital warmth 
to her cold limbs, revocare artus gelidos 
in vivum calorem, Ov. M. 4, 248: to be 
7. to health (of mind or body), ad sani- 
tatem pervenire, Cels. 5, praef.; redire, 
Cic. Fam. 12, 103; reverti, Caes. B. G. 4, 
42: tor. sight to the blind, reluminare 
caecos, Tert. Apol. 21: to r. @ sick 
man, resumere aegrum, Coel. Aur.: to 
r. the body to its former state, re- 
corporare, Tert. I]. To give back: 
1, reddo, didi, ditum, 3: to 7. the 
captives, r. captivos, Caes. B. G. 7, go: 
r. me to my former life, vitae me red- 
de priori, Hor, Ep. 1, 7, 95. Join: 
restituere ac r., Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 67. ; 
restituo, ui, itum, 3 (constr. with dat., 
or ad and acc.): a trifling circumstance 
7.d their spirits, restituit his animos 
parva una res, Liv. 25, 18, ad intt.: 
Caes.: to be r.d to one’s native land, in 
patriam restitui, Nep. Ar 3t. 1, 5. 3 
reféro, retuli (rettuli), rélatum, 3: tor. 
a (stolen) cup, r. pateram, Cic. Div. 1, 
25,54. [On the distinction between this 
and reddere, cf. Sen. Ep. 81, 9: “referre 
est ultro quod debeas afferre .... red- 
dunt et qui reposcuntur et qui ubilibet 
et qui per alium.”) 4, rédono, 1 
(very rare): who hath r.d thee to the 
skies of Italy? quis te redonavit Italo 
coelo? Hor. Od: 2, 4, 3. 5, re- 
tribuo, ui, itum, 3 (to repay): Lucr.: 
V. REPAY. 
restorer: |. One whe puts things 
into a former condition: 1, restitutor: 
the r. of the temples, r. templorum, Liv. 
.20: the r. of my safety, r. salutis meae, 
ic. Mil. 15, 39. 9, réductor: the r. 
of literature, r. literarum, Plin. Ep. 8, 12. 
3, réfector: (a r. of works of art), 
Suet. Vesp.18. 4, réparator: the r. 
of the age, r. aevi, Stat.S.4,1, 11. 5, 
instaurator (late and rare): Amm. 27, 
By GG 6, répostor: r. of the temples, 
r. templorum, Ov. F. 2,63. 7, récon- 
ciliator:; the r. of peace, r. pacis, Liv. 35, 
45. 8, rédintegrator: Tert. I, 











RESTRAIN 





who gives back: réd0nator: Inser. : 
oetter expr. by qui reddit, restituit, etc. 
restrain: 1. coerceo, 2 (to confine 
within bounds) : a river r.'d by no banks, 
amnis nullis coercitus ripis, Liv. 21, 31: 
reason r.s rashness, ratio coercet teme- 
ritatem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 47: to r. crimes 
by punishment, suppliciis delicta c., Hor, 
S. 1, 3, 79. 9. reprimo, pressi, pres- 
sum, 3 (to keep bach); the sight of them 
rd me, horum aspectus me repressit, 
Cic. Sest. 69, 144: I have never taken 
much pains lo r. these reports, hos ser- 
mones non valde repressi, id. Fam. 3, 8, 
4. Join: coerceri r.que, id. Fin. 1, 1, 
2: V. CHECK. 8. comprimo, pressi, 
pressum, 3 (stronger than preced.): to 
r. an outburst of joy, c. exsultantem 
laetitiam, Cic. Top. 22, 86: I perceive 
that this scourge of the state may be 
checked for a while, but not rd for 
all. time to come, intelligo hance rei- 
publicae pestem paulisper reprimi, non 
in perpetuum c. posse, id. Cat. 1, 12, 30. 
4, supprimo, pressi, pressum, 3 
tare): to 7. sorrow, s. aegritudinem, 
lc. Tusc. 3, 31, 75 5, contineo, ui, 
tentum, 2 (to hold in): to r. the tongue 
most carefully, diligentissime linguam ¢., 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1.13, § 38: whom jear vather 
than inclination r.'d, quos metus magis 
quam voluntas continuit, Suet. Aug. 15. 
G. téneo, ui, ntum, 2: to Tr. one’s 
tears, lacrimas t., Cic. Verr. 4, 18, 39: 
to r. one's laughter, risum t., Hor. A. P. 
5: tor. oneself from accusing, se t. ab 
accusandy, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2. 4. Té- 
tineo, ui, tentum, 2: fo r. one’s children, 
r. liberos, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 33: Cic. Fam. 5, 
12,5. (Auct. Her. bas rétento, 1, in this 
sense.)  §, sustineo, ui, tentum, 2: to 
r. the horses, s. equos, Caes. B. G. 4, 33: 
Fig.: Cic. Acad. 2, 15, 48. 9, cdhibeo, 
2: tor. the emotions of the soul, c. animi 
motus, Cic. Off. 2, 5, 18: tor. one’s wrath, 
iracundiam c., id. Marcell. 3,8. Join: 
c. etcontinere, id. Acad. 1,12,45. 10, 
inhibeo, 2: to r. the impetuosity of the 
victor, i. impetum victoris, Liv. 39, 21. 
11, probibeo, 2: v.proureir. 12. 
refréno, I (to bridle: stronger than foll.): 
to r. one’s lusts, r. libidines, Cic. Par. 5, 
ad init. (joined with iracundiam tenere, 
avaritiam coercere): to r. the flow of 
eloquence, r. cursum dicendi, Quint. 8, 1, 
ZB 18, fréno, 1: to r. mad actions 
by law, r. furores legibus, Vic. Mil. 28, 
7]: V. BRIDLE. 14, compesco, cui, 3 
(mostly poet.): to r. one’s anger, ©. 
mentem, Hor. Od. 1, 16, 22: to r. foreign 
rites, c. externas caerimonias, Suet. Tib. 
36: Quint. 15, constringo, nxi, ictum, 
3 (to bind down): tor. crime and fraud 
by punishment, scelus fraudemque sup- 
plicio c., Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202. Join: 
vinci et c., id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48: v. BIND, 


FETTER. 16, expr. by midéror, 1: or 
temptro, I: Vv. MODERATE, CONTROL. 


17. circumscribo, psi, ptum, 3 (to 
limit): the senate would have r.d him 
in his praetorial office, senatus prae- 
torem eum circumscripsisset, Cic. Mil. 
33, 88: Vv. RESTRICT. 18, finio, 4 (to 
seat bounds to): tor. one’s desires, cupi- 
ditates f., Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27. Phr.: to 
r. a horse, castigare equum, Liv. 39, 25: 
to r. desires, refutare cupidines, Cic. 
Fam. 1, 9, 25; appetitus contrahere, id. 
Off. 1, 29, 103: r.'d myself from saying 
aught, me reprehendi ne quid dicerem, 
Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 15: to r. the onset of a 
madman, impetum furentis colligere, 
Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 4 (q. v.): to 7, ourselves, 
nobismet ipsis imperare, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 
47: an opportunity of r.ing his lust, 
locus resecandae libidinis, id. Att. 1, 18, 
ad med.: cf. ‘Tusc. 4, 26, 57 (q. v.): 7’d 
by no religious feeling against lying, 
nulla mendacii religione obstrictus, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 11: to r. audacity, vudaciam 
frangere, Cic. Vatin. 1, 2: fo 7. oneself 
greatly, submittere multum, id. Div, in 
Caecil. 15, 48 (said of an actor). 

restrainer: 1, repressor: the r, 
of slaughter, r. caedis, Cic. Sest. 69, 144. 

Q. coercitor: Eutr. 7, 20. . fré- 
nator: Plin. Pan. 55. 4. modérator: 
(f. -trix), Cic.: v. CONTROLLER, RULER. 





RESTRICTION 


restraint _ |. The act of keep- 
restraining § ing in checlc: j 


coercitio: the r. of anybody who inter- 
rupts a speech, c. interpellantis, Quint. 
9, 2, 2: the right of exercising r. over 
stage-players, c. in histriones, Suet. Aug. 
45. 2, refrénatio: the r. of grief, 
r. doloris, Sen. Ira 3, 15, 3- 3, mo- 
dératio: (a limiting, controlling): ther. 
of an unruly people, effrenati populi m., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 9, 35. Join: m. et tem- 
peratio, id. N. D. 2, 36, 92. 4, con- 
tinentia: rare in lit. sense: e. g. Suet. 
Claud. 32: usu. a r. of one’s desires, 
self.1., VY. CONTINENCE. 5, expr. 
more freq. by a verb: ought you not to 
be put under r. ? tunon constringendis ? 
Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 97: putting less r. on 
his desires, minus imperans cupiditatibus 
suis, Curt. 8, 4, 24. I]. A checle, bar- 
rier : 1. répaigtla, n. pl.: to burst 
through all the r.s of justice, omnia r. 
juris perfringere, Cic. Verr. 5, 15, 39. 
2, claustra, n. pl.: v. BARRIER. 
8, caiténa (a chain): bound by the 
r. of the laws, legum catena constrictus, 
Cic. Sest. 7, 16. 4, modus: v. RE- 
striction. Phr.: excessive toil over- 
coming the r.s of discipline, pudvrem 
immodico labore vincente, Curt. 8, 2, 34: 
to impose more 7.8, plures impouere 
nodos, Ov. H. 20, 39. 
restrict: 1, circumscribo, psi, 
ptum, 3: she 7s and limits us by the 
boundaries of mountains and rivers, 
circumscribit includitque nos terminis 
montium fluminumque, Liv. 21, 44: 
Cie. 2, définio, 4: to r. friend- 
ship to cases where like is returned 
for like, a. amicitiam paribus officiis, 
Cic. Am. 16, 58: not to ctrcumscribe 
or +. his rights by any limitations, 
nullis terminis circumscribere aut d. jus 
suum, id. de Or. 1, 16, 70. 8, finio, 
4: Vv. BOUND, LIMIT. 4, coangusto, 1: 
this law may be r.’d, haec lex coangus- 
tari potest, Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32. a: 
angusto, 1: to 7, one’s joys unduly, 
nimis a. gaudia sna, Sen. Cons. ad Polyb. 
29 (10, 3, Haase). 6, restringo, nxi, 
ictum, 3 (not in Cic., who, however, tses 
the part. as adj.): to 7. expenditure by 
law, r. sumptus lege, Plin. Ep. 6,19: Sen. 
Phr.: (i.) expr. in Cic. by in angustum 
and a verb: it is r/d to narrow limits, 
in exiguum a.que concluditur, Off. 1, 17, 
53: the sphere of action is so narrow 
and r.'d, ita contracta res est et adducta 
in a., id. Am. §, 20: to limit and r. those 
(emotions), ea contrahere in a.que de- 
ducere, id, Acad. 1, 10, 38. (ii.) to r. the 
rate of interest, fenus coercere, Liv. 32, 
27: lo r. the expenditure, sumptus cir- 
cumcidere, id. ib.; impensas corripere, 
Suet. Tib. 34: to 7. the powers of the 
magistracy, magistratum minuere, Liv. 
4,24: itis not rd to some special pro- 
vince, non habet definitam aliquam re- 
gionem cujus terminis saepta teneatur, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 5: to 7. oneself to petty 
pleadings, se ad minutarum causarum 
genera limare, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 3, 9 
(Nagelsb.). 
restricted (part. and adj.): ib 
angustus : petty and r.’d verbal contro- 
versies, minutae a.que concertationes, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 39, 121: v. preced. art. 
9, artus (confined); the bonds of 
intercourse between kinsmen are more 
r., artior est colligatio societatis propin- 
quorum, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 53. Join: a. et 
astrictus, id. Or. 65, 220. 3, proprius 
(peculiar): these duties are not r.’d to 
the wise alone, haec officia non sapien- 
tium modo propria, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 15. 
restriction : 1, médus (bound, 
measure): to impose r.s of time, tem- 
poris modos imponere, Liv. 4, aH to 
impose a T., m. et finem facere, Vic. Verr. 
2, 48, 118. 9. finis, is, m.: or ter- 
minus: v. BOUND, LIMIT. 3, cancelli, 
m. pl. (prop. lattice-work : hence barrier, 
check): to depart from these r.s which I 
have imposed upon myself, extra hos c. 
egredi quos mihi ipse circumdedi, Cic. 
Quint. 10, 36. 4, angustiae, f. pl.: 
(narrow limits): ham pered by no v8 of 
time, nullis temporis a. inclusus, Liv, 

















RESUME 
24, 8. 5, exceptio (a special r.): Vv. 
LIMITATION. Dimin., exceptiunciila: te 


add a slight r., e. addere, Sen. Ep. 20, §. 
G, restrictio: Aug. Phr.: J will 
impose a task on you, with the 7., how- 
ever, that 1am unwilling to be trouble- 
some, ego tibi imponam (onus), ita tamen 
ut tibi nolim molestus esse, Cic. Fam. 
33,56, 1 (R. and A.): I do not insist 
upon such rigorous 7.8 in other respects, 
cetera non tam restricte praefinio, id 
Leg. 2, 18, 45- 
restrictive: expr. by the verbs: ar. 
enactment, probibitorium interdictum, 
Just. Inst. 4, 15, 1: a 7. force, *coer- 
cendi vim habens (Kr.): a 7. particle, 
particula restringens (Gram. apud Kr.). 
result (v.): 1, événio, véni, ven- 
tum, 4 ((o happen, as a consequence): 
it may be inferred beforehand what will 
7., quid eventurum sit ante animo colligi 
potest, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42: if wt is sure 
to r. there is no chance in the case, si 
certe eveniet nulla fortuna est, id. Div. 
2, 7, 18: perturbations (of the mind) 
r. from a contempt for reason, per- 
turbationes ex aspernatione rationis 
eveniunt, id. Tusc. 4,14, 31. 2, évado, 
si, sum, 3 (to turn out): have your kind- 
nesses r.’d in this? huccine beneticia 
tua evasere? Sall. J. 14: Vv. TURN OUT. 
3. conséquor, ciltus, 3 (to follow): 
paleness r.s from fear, pallor conse- 
quitur terrorem, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19. 
4, expr. by fio, factus sum, 3 (@ 
be produced): thus it rs that reason 
commands, passion obeys, ita fit ut ratio 
praesit, appetitus obtemperat, Cic. Off. 1, 
28, 101. 5, expr. by metaph., such as 
to flow, arise, spring, etc.: sins rT. Jrom 
vices, peccata ex viliis manant, Cic. Parad. 
3, 1, extr. (opp. to recte facta a virtutibus 
proficiscuntur): the kinds of divination 
which seem to r. from freedom of mind, 
divinandi genera quae a libera mente 
fluere videntur, id. Div. 2, 49, Iol. 
Phr.: that kind of sharp practice will 
r. in throwing discredit on the judge, 
genus ejusmodi calliditatis retrahetur in 
odium judicis, id. Part. Or. 39, 137. 
result (subs.): 1, éventus, ts, or 
éventum, i (the first form has no abl. or 
gen.pl.: these are supplied by the second, 
which is rare in the sing.): ar. ts the 
outcome of any transaction, e. est ali- 
cujus exitus negotii, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42 
(a. v.); more fully, e. qui sequitur, id. 
Leg. 2, 17, 43: @ very happy r., prosper- 
rimus e., Vell. 2, 122, 3: to judge plans 
by their r.s, consilia eventis ponderare, 
Gic. Rab. Post. 1, 1: the knowledge of 
causes gives us the lcnowledge of Ts, 
causarum cognitio eventorum cogni- 
tionem facit, id. Top. 18, 67: Att. 3, 8, 
ad fin. 9. exitus, tis (used as syn. of 
preced.): the r. approves the deed, e. acta 
probat, Ov. H. 2, 45 a fortunate r., e. 
felix, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4: an uncertain r., 
e. incertus, id. Marcell. 5, 15: what will 
be the r. of their counsels ? eorum con- 
silium quem habebit e.? Caes. B. G. 5, 
29. Join: eventus atque e., Cic, Fam. 
65/355 3. effectus, tis (rare in pl: 
cf. Quint. 1, 10, 6): the r. of eloquence ts 
the applause of the audience, eloquentiae 
e, est audientium approbatlo, Cic. Tuse. 
2, 1, 3: to waste the summer without 
any r., aestatem extrahere sine ullo 
effectu, Liv. 32, 9: ¥. EFFECT. 4, con- 
stquentia: che r. of events, eventorum Cc, 
Cic. Div. 1, 56, 128: V. CONSEQUENCE. 
5, séquéla: a necessary r., 8. neces- 
saria, Gell. 6,1, ad fin. 6, préventus, 
tis: the r. of the journey, p. peregrina- 
tionis, App. M. 2, p. 120. (N.B—In 
good authors this word, like successus, 
iis, denotes a fortunate r : V. SUCCESS.) 
Phr.: the r.s, res consequentes, Auct. 
Her. 4, 55, 68: the one is the (logical) r. 
of the other, alterum alteri consequens 
est, Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 21: all the r.s were 
contrary to the prediction, omnia contra 
ac dicta erant evenerunt, id. Div. 2, 24, 
53: concerning the schemes and their 
r.s, de consiliis et de processibus suis, 
Sen. Ep. 115, 17. 
resume: _ 1. résiimo, mpsi, mptum 
3: tor. the heavenly ‘bile ges 
t 


RESUMPTION 





coelestem r., Ov. M. 15, 743: to r. the 
battle, r. pugnam, Tac. H. 2, 41. 2: 
répéto, ivi or ii, itum, 3 (sometimes with 
de, acc. or inf.): to r. these pursuits 
after along interval, r. haec studia longo 
intervallo, Cic. Fat. 2, 4: tor. what has 
been passed over, praetermissa r., id. Fin. 
5, 19, 51. 3. Tévéco, I (to recall): to 
r. studies that have been laid aside, studia 
intermissa r., Cie. Tusc.1,1,1. 4, ré- 
Colo, lui, cultum, 3 (to practise anew’) : 
to r. the pursuits to which we were de- 
voted in our boyhood, r. artes quibus 
pueri dediti fuimus, Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 2. 
5. integro, 1: tor. her song, i. carmen, 

Virg. G. 4, 515: Vv. RENEW, REPEAT. 
Phr.: tor. the use of the toga, recuperare 
usum togae, Suet. Galb. 11: wntil it r. 
its former shape, dum quod fuit ante 
reformet, Ov. M. 11, 254: he r.d his 
youth, in annos quos egit rediit, id. ib. 
9, 431: to r. my subject, ut ad propo- 
situm revertar, Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104. 

resumption: no equiv.: expr. by 
the verbs or a phr.: the r. of a custom 
after long desuetude, consuetudo longo 
intervallo repetita ac relata, Cic. Div. in 
Caecil. 21,67: the r. af a subject, reditus 
ad rem, id. de Or. 3, 53, 203 (resumptio 
in low Latin is recapitulation). 

resumptive: expr. by a verb: a r. 
particle, *particula resumptiva, quam 
vocant. 

resurrection : résurrectio (as an 
eccl. term): Jam the r. and the life, 
ego sum r. et vita, Vulg. Joan. xi. 25: 
Ecel.: the day of our Lord's r., * dies 
dominicae resurrectionis: the r.-day, 
*dies, tempus quo in vitam redibunt 
mortni (Kr.): it may also be expr. by 
the verbs révivisco, vixi, 3 (to live again, 
come to life); rénascor, natus, 3 (to be 
born again). 

resuscitate: résuscito, 1: Ov.: 

er.: V. REVIVE. Phr.: to 7. any one, 
aliquem a mortuis, ab inferis excitare, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 2453 id. Cat. 2, 9, 20: 
mortuum reducem ab Orco facere, Ter. 
Hee. 5, 4, 12. 

resuscitator: résuscitator: Tert. 

resuscitation: résuscitatio: Tert. 

retail (v.) b 1, distraho, xi, 

—., sell by § ctum, 3 (to sell in 
parcels): to sell the cargoes by ., merces 
d., Just.9, 1: Tac.: Suet. 92, divendo, 
no pf., ditum, 3: to sell the booty by r., 
d. reliquias praedae, Liv. 21, 21: Cic.: 
Tac.: or simply vendo, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 65. 
Phr.: tor. alt kinds of common wares, 
promiscua et vilia mercari, Tac. G. 5 
(R. and A.). 

retail (subs.): a selling by r., dis- 
tractio, Ulp. Dig. 14, 3, 5, § 12: ar. 
traffic, mercatura tenuis (business on a 
small scale), Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151: ar. 
dealer, caupo, Cic.: Pl.: v. HUCKSTER: 
also prop0la (rpomwAys), Cic. Pis. 24, 67: 
ar. shop, caupona, id. ib. 22, 53. 

retailer: v. preced. art. 

retain: |. To keep in one’s pos- 
session : 1, rétineo, ui, tentum, 2: 
to r. what he had received, r. quod ac- 
ceperat, Cic. Pis. 28, 69: to r. the citadel, 
arcem r., id. de Or. 2, 67, 273: tor. the 
memory of anything, r. memoriam ali- 
cujus or aliquid memoria, Cic.: Caes. : 
Vv. MEMORY. 2. obtineo, 2: v. MAIN- 
TAIN, KEEP POSSESSION. 3, téneo, ui, 
ntum, 2 (to hold): to r. their own laws, 
t. suas leges, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 4, 13: to 
r. a custom, t. consuetudinem, id. Phil. 
I, 11, 27: wt is believed that he r.’d the 
name of every soldier, omnium militum 
tenuisse creditum est nomina, Quint. 11, 
2, 50: V. HOLD. 4, servo, 1: the jar 
will long r. the scent, servabit odorem 
testa diu, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 69: v. KEEP, 
PRESERVE. II. Yo keep in one’s pay 
or service: alo, alui, alitum and altum, 3 
(to nourish): v. MAINTAIN (VL): or 
habeo, 2: I do not r. a single slave, ego 
servum habeo nullum, Cic. Rosc. Am. 
50, 145: Caes. B. G. 1, 30. 

retainer: |. One who keeps back: 
rétentator, Cassiod.: f. -trix, Macr.: 
better expr. by verb. I]. One kept in 
the service of another: no exact equiv, : 
trans. vy cliens, ntis (adherent), Caes. 

82 














RETINUE 


RETIREMENT 





B.G. 1, 4: assectator, assecla ( follower) ; 
stipator, satelles, itis (attendant, body- 
guard): V. RETINUE: sometimes miles, 
itis (applied even to women, Ov. M. 2, 
415): cf. also Caes. B. G. 3, 22, “ devoti 
quos illi (the Gauls) soldurios appellant.” 
Il]. 4 retaining fee: nearest word 

arrha, or arrhabo, Onis, m.: v. EARNEST- 
MONEY. 

retake: 1, récipio, cépi, ceptum, 
3: to r. a town, oppidum r., Cic. de Or. 
2, 67, 273: Liv.: hence freq. récepto, 1 
(to take back), Lucr. 2, 1oor: and re- 
ceptor, one who 1.8, a re-conqueror, 
Vopisc. Aurel, 26,7. 2, réciipéro, 1 
to r. a colony, r. coloniam, Liv. 9, 23, 
ad init. : Vv. RECOYER. 

retaliate: rétalio, 1: Gell. 20, 1: 
more usu. expr. by ulciscor, ultus, 3: 
V. REVENGE. Phr.: to7., par pari re- 
ferre, mutuum facere, Vv. RETURN (like 
for like): carry me off, and r. thereby, 
me rape, et alterna lege repende vicem, 
Prop. 4, 4, 58. 

retaliation: talio (rare): to break a 
limb in r., membrum rumpere per t. 
Gell. 20, 1 (q. v.): usu. expr. by ultio, 
v. REVENGE: or vicis, f. (a geén.: no 
nom. sing. or gen. pl.) : V. REQUITAL, 
and preced. art. 

retamed: rédémitus: rv. and con- 
quered citizens, r. atque victi cives, Cic. 
Sull. 1, 1. 

retard: j, rétardo, 1: the mo- 
tions of the stars are sometimes acce- 
lerated, sometimes r.’d, stellarum motus 
tum incitantur tum retardantur, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 40, 103: these things, which 
usually hinder others, did not r. him, 
hae res quae ceteros remorari solent 
(eum) non retardarunt, id. Manil. 14, go. 

2, tardo, 1: Caes. B. C. 2,2: v. 

DELAY, HINDER. 

retch:; sine vomitu nauseare, Cels. 1, 
3: cf. nausea segnis sine exitu, quae 
bilem movet nec effundit, Sen. Ep. 53, 3. 

retention: rétentio: a r. of the 
dowry, r. dotis, Papin. Dig. 31, 1, 77, § 2: 
r. of urine, r., Coel. Aur.: v. STRAN- 
curY. (N.B.—Cic. has the word as a 
trans. of eroxn, a withholding of the 
assent.) Better expr. by a verb. 

retentive: ténax, Acis (constr. with 
gen.): &@ Tr. memory, t. memoria, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 14: Quint. Phr.: a cityr. of the 
institutions of its founder, civitas con- 
ditoris retinens, Tac. A. 6, 42: the acute, 
r. being whom we call man, animal 
acutum, memor, quem vocamus homi- 
nem, Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22. 

retentiveness: best expr. by me- 
moria, Quint. 11, 2 (q. v.): in Plin, Ep. 
2, 2, ad med. the idea is expr. thus: 
“jincredibilis memoria : ne verbo quidem 
labitur; ad tantam ééw (habit, as the 
result of practice, r.) studio et exercita- 
tione pervenit.” In Lucr. 3, 673, réti- 
nentia = remembrance or r. 

reticence: réticentia: Cic.: v. sI- 
LENCE, TACITURNITY. 

reticent: taciturnus: Cic.: v. RE- 
SERVED, TACITURN. 


reticule: rétictilum (a net-work 
bag): Cic.: Hor.: Juv. 
reticulated: 1, réticilatus: the 


pattern on the shells which is r. like 
lattice work, distinctio concharum can- 
cellatim r., Plin. 9, 33, 52. 2. can- 
cellatus (like lattice work): a r. skin, 
c. cutis, Plin. 8, 10, 10 (said of the ele- 
phant: in the same pass. the 7. skin 
itself is called cancelli, orum, m. pl.). 
retina: *rétina (¢. ¢.). 
retinue: 1, cémitatus, tis: a 
great r., magnus c., Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 6. 
2. expr. by several pl. words: (i.) 
stipatores (attendants upon a great 
man): he used to send one of his 
r. w advance, praemittebat de stipa- 
toribus suis, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25. (ii.) sa- 
tellites (body-guard, r. of the court): 
the royal r., regii s., Liv. 2, 12, ad med. 
iii.) sectatores (followers: a weaker 
expr. than the preced.): Cic. Mur. 34, 70: 
ef. Tac. A. 16, 22: V. FOLLOWER, DE- 
PENDENT. (iv.) cémites (companions) : 
esp. of the imperial court, Suet. Aug. 98: 
cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 162. 3, pompa (prop. 





pageantry): a r. of lictors, p. lictorum, 
Cic. Fam. 2, 16,2. Phr.: witha vast r., 
magna stipante caterva, Virg. Aen. 4, 
136: surrounded with a7. of youths, of 
friends, stipatus choro juventutis, Cie. 
Mur. 24, 49; gregibus amicorum, id. 
Att. 1, 18, ad init. 
retire: 1, récédo, cessi, cessum, 3 
(to go back or away): to r. from Mutina, 
a Mutinar., Cic. Phil. 8,7, 21: tor. from 
public view, r. de medio, id. Rosc. Am. 
38, 112: about to r. (to rest), recessurus, 
Ov. Ibis, 235: Hor. 2. secédo, cessi, 
cessum, 3 (to go aside or apart): tor. to 
the holy mountain, s.in Sacrum Montem, 
Liv. 2, 32: let the wicked r., let them 
separate themselves from the good, se- 
cedant improbi, secernant se a bonis, 
Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32: r. within yourself, 
in te ipsum secede, Sen. Ep. 25, 7 (also 
ad te recedere, id. ib.): v. WITHDRAW. 
3. concédo, cessi, cessum, 3 (often 
with the idea of yielding one’s ground): 
to r. from the sight of their parents, 
c. a parentum oculis, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 
17: to r. into winter quarters, c. in 
| hiberna, Liv. 26, 20: Scipio r.d to his 
estate near Liternum, Scipio in Liter- 
ninum concessit, id. 38,52. 4, abscédo, 
cessi, cessum, 3 (to go away): to r..from 
civil offices, a. civilibus muneribus, Liv. 
g. 3,ad init.  §, décédo, cessi, cessum, 
3 (todepart : esp. in official lang. to quit 
a post: constr. with de, ex, rarely ab: 
or absol.) : to r. from one’s post, de sta- 
tione d., Cic. Sen. 20, 73: tor. from (the 
government of) a province, d. de pro- 
vincia, id. Att. 7, 3, et al. (N.B—The 
force of the three preced. verbs may be 
seen in Pl. Am. 3, 4, 1: “concedite atque 
abscedite, omnes de via decedite” = make 
way and withdraw—get out of the road, 
all of you!) §, excédo, cessi, cessum, 
3 (to go out: constr. with abl., with or 
Without a prep.): to r. from the road, 
e. ex via, Caes. B. G. 5, 19: to r. from 
the fight, e. praelio, id. ib. 3, 4: tor. 
through fear, e. metu, Liv. 42, 67, ad fin. ; 
V. RETREAT. ‘7, abeo, ivi or ii, itum, 
4 (to go away): to r. into a corner, in 
angulum a., Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 10: to r. in 
good order, turmatim a. Liv. 28, 13: to 
r. from the office of flamen, flaminio a., 
id. 26, 23, eat. : V. LAY DOWN, ABDICATE, 
RESIGN, 8, expr. by various tvans. 
vbs. with a reflect. pron.: se removere, 
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 69; e medio amovere, 
Suet. Tib. to (joined with secedere) ; 
subtrahere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (4), 53 
abducere, id. ib. 3, 5, 43 recipere, id. 
Off. 3, I, 25 conferre, id. ib. 1, 42, 
I5I: Vv. BETAKE ONESELF, and RETIRE- 
MENT. - 1 
retired (adj.): , Témotus: a r. 
spot, r. locus, Caes. B. G. 7, 13 Cic. Verr. 
5, 31, 80: a r. part of the house, pars r. 
domus, Ov. M. 6, 638. 2. secrétus 
(mostly poet.): 7. places, s. loca, Hor. 
A. P. 298: the 7. walk, and by-path of 
an unobtrusive life, s. iter, et fallentis 
semita vitae, id. Ep. 1, 18, 103. 3. 
réductus (poet. : sequestered): a r. vale, 
r. vallis, Hor. Od. 1, 19,7: Virg. 4. 
sécliisus : v. SECLUDED. 5, solitarius 
(lone, solitary): ar. man, spending his 
days in the country, s. homo, et in agro 
vitam agens, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 39: Vv. SOLI- 
TARY. 6, umbratilis (contemplative) : 
ar. and fastidious mode of life, vita u. 
et delicata, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27. [In 
Quint. I, 2, 18, the readings vary be- 
tween u. and umbraticus, which is used 
in Sen. in the same sense.] 7, quiétus: 
V. QUIET, TRANQUIL. Phr.: to livear. 
life, agere vitam segregem, Sen. Ben. 4, 
18, 2: a rather more r. room, retractius 
paullo cubiculum, Plin. Ep. 2, 17: im the 
most r. part of the house, in ultimis 
aedibus, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29 (q. v.). 
retirement : |. The act of re- 
tiring: v. foll. art. I]. Seclusion : 
1, secrétum (used in both sing. and 
a): deep and close r., altum abditumque 
s., Plin. Ep.2, 17: to withdraw from the 
stage of the world into r., se a vulgo et 
scena in secreta removere, Hor. S. 2, 1, 
q1. 2, sécessus, is: quieé and r., 
silentium et s., Quint. 10, 3, 28: to pass 





RETIRING 


RETRENCH 


RETURN 





one's time in repose and r,, tempus in 
otio s.que agere, Suet. Vesp. 4. 3, 
solitido, Inis, f. (solitariness: used in 
both sing. and pl.): to withdraw from 
the society of men into r., e coetu ho- 
minum in s. se recipere, Cic. Off. 3, 1, 2. 
80, secedere, Tac. Or. 9, extr.: tocourt r., 
solitudines sequi, Cic. Att. 12,26. Join: 
8. et recessus, id, Att. 12, 26: he also 
connects it with otium, Off. 3, 1, 1 (q. v-)- 
4, Ootium (leisure, repose: poet. in 
pl.): to go into r., in otium venire, Cic. 
Att. 1, 7: to withdraw into secure 7., in 
o. tuta recedere, Hor. S. 1, 1, 31: Sen. 
5, quies, étis, f. (rest): their r. is 
useful to mankind, quies eorum prodest 
hominibus, Sen. Ot. Sap. 6, 5. Join: 
q. et otium, Tac, Agr.6. 6, silentium: 
‘Tac. Agr. 3 (an enforced r.). Phr.: a 
place of r., sécessus, is: V. RETREAT: 
a life of r., vita privata et quieta, Cic. 
Sen. 7, 22: to pass one’s life in r., aeta- 
tem procul a republica habere, Sall. C. 
4: tolive in r. in the country, rure et 
procul coetu hominum vivere, Liv. 9, 5, 
extr.: he lives in the deepest r. in the 
country, latet abditus agro, Hor. Ep. 1, 
I, 53 so latére, Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 253 fallére, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 103 secubare, Prop. 2, 
19,41: escape into the r. of my library, 
ape me in bibliothecam, Cic. Fam. 7, 
28, 2. 
retiring (subs.) : 1, ré&cessus, iis: 
an advaneing and r., accessus et r., Cic. 
Div. 2, 14, 34. 9. regressio: Front.: 
V. RETREAT. 8. s€cessus, is: Plin.: 
Vv. DEPARTURE. 4, abdicatio: v. AB- 
DICATION, RESIGNATION. 
retiring (adj.): vérécundus: vy. 
MODEST, DIFFIDENT. 
retort (v.): 1, régéro, gessi, ges- 
tum, 3: to r. abuse, r. convicia, Hor. S, 
I, J, 29: V. RECRIMINATE. 2. réper- 
cutio, cussi, cussum, 3 (to strike back 
again): Quint. 6, 3,23. 3, rétorqueo, 
torsi, tortum, 2: to r. an argument, r. 
argumentum, App. Flor. 4, p. 360, ad jin. 
4, expr. by référo, or other verbs 
meaning to ANSWER, REJOIN; if any one 
rd, si referret aliquis, Cic. Fat. 13, 30 
(ef. quum argumentum propositum re- 
ferri contra, convertique potest in eum 
a quo dictum est, Gell. 5, to, q. v.). 
Phr.: am I never to r.? nunquamne 
reponam? Juv. 1, I. 
retort (subs.): |, 4 sharp reply: 
no exact equiv.: it may be trans. by 
reciproca argumenta (avtiotpépovta), 
Gell. 5, 105 anticatégdria, Aug. (as a 
Gk. word in Quint.) : v. RECRIMINATION : 
the act of retorting 1 charge, relatio 
criminis, Cic. Inv. 1, 11, 15. I. 4 
vessel used in chemistry: * ampulla 
chemica collo retorto: or as ¢. ¢. simply 
*retortum. 
retouch: 1, rétracto, 1 (to take 
in hand again): to r. the props, r. peda- 
menta, Col. 4, 26, 1. Fig.: to r. his 
poems, carmina r., Suet. Gram. 2: Cic. : 
V. REVISE, IMPROVE. 2. interpdlo, 1 
(to furbish, vamp up): to r. a picture, 
nova pictura i. opus, Pl. Most. 1, 3, 105 
(com. of a woman painting herself): so, 
interpolatio (the act of 7.ing). Plin. 13, 
12, 23. Phr.: to r. a fresco, parietes 
pictos reficere, id. 35, 11, 40, ad init.: 
Ihave sent the composition to you in a 
more revised form, and indeed the ori- 
ginal copy, r..d and rewritten in many 
places, ovvtaymo. ad te misi retractatius, 
et quidem apxerv7ov crebris locis incul- 
catum et refectum, Cic. Att. 16, 3, ad 
init.: to r a work, alia interscribere, 
alia rescribere, Plin. Ep. 7, 9 (q. v.). 
retrace: |. To trace back: b 
répéto, ivi or ii, itum, 3 (to go back to): 
to r. the road by which he came, r. viam 
qua venisset, Liv. 35, 28: on r.ing and 
counting up the days, repetitis et enu- 
meratis diebus, Caes. B. C. 3, 105: to r. 
the origin of justice to nature, r. stirpem 
juris a natura, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 20: ring 
tt from that point, inde usque repetens, 
id. Arch. 1,1: v.TRACE. Q, récalco,1: 
to r. one’s footsteps, r. vestigia, App. M. 
6,p.181. 3, expr. by phr. with gradus 
or pedem: to r. one’s way, gradus re- 
vocare, Virg. Aen. 6, 128; referre pedem, 


Caes.: V. RETREAT, RETURN. Il. Zo 
trace over again (in painting): *denuo 
delineare. 
retract: 1, rénuntio, 1: to 
r. one’s decision, r. decisionem, Cic. 
Verr. 1, 54, 141: used absol. id, Att. 
2350 Q. retracto, 1 (rare) tor. one’s 
words, dicta r, Virg. Aen. 12, 11: to rT. 
and abolish largesses, largitiones r. et in 
irritum vindicare, Traj. in Plin, Ep. ro, 
112. 8, révéco, 1 (to recall): to r. a 
promise, r, promissum, Sen. Ben, 4, 39, 2. 
4, récanto, 1: Hor. Od. 1, 16, 27: 
V. RECANT. 
retractation : 1, réceptus, tis 
(very rare): the r. of @ too obstinately 
maintained opinion, r. nimis pertinacis 
sententiae, Liv. 4, 57. 2. palinddia : 
Macr. (This is thrice used by Cic. as a 
Gk. word: e.g.: a rather disgraceful 
r., subturpicula raAcvwdia, Att. 4, 5): v. 
RECANTATION, [N.B.— Retractationes,” 
the title of a work of Aug., means “ 7e- 
visions,” “amended views.’”] 
retreat (v.): 1, récipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3 (to draw back: hence with 
pron. refl., tor.) to r. to the camp, r. se 
in castra, Caes. B.C. 3, 76: there was an. 
opportunity of r.ing, sui recipiendi fa- 
cultas dabatur, id. B. G. 3, 4: Cic.: Liv. 
Q. référo, retiili (rettili), rélatum, 3 
(syn. of preced.: constr. with pedem or 
gradum): to ., r. pedem, Cic. Phil. 12, 
3, 8; Caes.: so with retro, Phaedr. 2, 1, 
6: gradum, Liv. 1, 14, ad fin.; and as 
milit. t. t. r. signa, id. 38, 2, ad med. 
Fig.: tor. as quietly as possible, quam 
mollissime pedem r., Quint. 6, 4, 19. 
(N.B.—Recipere se is not to 7., but 
simply to go back, return.) 3. ré- 
cédo, cessi, cessum, 3 (to go baci): to 
r. from their position, ex quo stabant 
loco r., Caes. B. G. 5, 43. V. RETIRE. 
(N.B.—Retrocedentes occurs as a part. 
in Liv. 8, 8, ad med.) 4, réfigio, 
fagi, fiigitum, 3 (to flee for refuge): 
to r. to the roadstead, r. in stationem, 
Liv. 10,2: V.TAKE REFUGE. 9, résilio, 
ui, 3 (to leap back: in Cic. only fig.) : 
the mountain range r.s on the north, 
mons a septentrione resilit, Plin. 5, 27, 
27: v. RECOIL. Phr.: she 7.s before the 
foe, pedem ex hoste reportat, Virg. Aen. 
11, 764. 
retreat (subs.): |. Withdrawal : 
1, réceptus, tis: being anxious about 
the r. of his men, receptui suorum 
timens, Caes. B. C. 3, 46: the line of r. 
lay down a slope, erat per declive r,, id. 
ib. 3,45: an easy r., facilis r., id. ib. 1, 
6: the signal for a r., signum receptui, 
lic. Phil. 13, 7, 15: to sound a r., re- 
ceptui canere, id. ib. 12, 3, 8 (but the 
phr. is also used in Caes. B. G. 7, 47, for 
sounding a halt). Q, récessus, tis: the 
rear prevented the r. of the front rank, 
r. primi ultimis non dabant, Caes. B. G, 
5, 43: opp. to accessus (advance), Cic. 
Fam. 9, 14, 7. 3. regressus, tis (used 
also fig.): a r. into a safe place, r. in 
tutum, Liv. 38, 4, ad fin. (The form re- 
gressio occurs in Front.) 4, récursus, 
us: that a way of r. might be open, ut r. 
pateret, Liv. 26, 42, ad jfin.: an orderly 
r., inconfusus r., Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 
622. 5, réditus, is (a return): whence 
they might have a safe line of r. to the 
ships, unde r. tutus ad naves esset, Liv. 
9, 38: V. RETURN. Il. A place of r., 
refuge ; 1. récessus, ts: all the rs 
and nooks of Phrygia, omnes r. atque 
anguli Phrygiae, Liv. 38, 45: @ lonely 
place of r., solitudo et r., Cic. Att. 12, 
26: a safe r., tuti r., Virg. Aen. 11, §27 
(al. receptus: this, however, does not 
occur inthe senseofar.). 2, sécessus, 
fis: a pleasant r., amoeni s., Tac. A. 14, 
62: Virg. 3, respectus, fis: v. REFUGE. 
4, litebrae, f. pl. (a lurking-place, 
esp. of wild animals: very rare in sing.) : 
to hide oneself in a r., latebris se oc- 
cultare, Cic. Manil. 3,7: a7. from war, 
latebra bellor m, Lucan 5, 743. 
retrench: |, 7ocutdown: 1, 


récido, di, sum, 3 (to cut down): to} 


r. their salaries, mercedes r., Suet. Tib. 
34: to r. very much, perquam multa r., 
Quint. 12, 10, 52. Hor. A. P. 447: 








Vv. CUT DOWN, DIMINISH. 2, amputo, It: 
Cic.:*v. cunTAIL. Phr.: to r, expenses, 
sumptus minuere, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, §3 
circumcidere, Liv, 32, 27; extenuare, 
Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 593; impensas corripere, 
Suet. Tib. 34: v. RESTRICT. Wl. 7. ¢. 
in fortification: v. foll. art. and EN- 
TRENCH. 
retrenchment: |. Acuttinydown: 
récisio; Ulp. Dig. 28, 5, 35,1: v. Dime 
NUTION. J], 7.t. in fortification: expr. 
by *munitio interior: tomakear., perh. 
reducere : cf. reliquas omnes munitiones 
ab ea fossa pedes c p reduxit, Caes. B.G, 
), 72. 
retribution: retribiitio: Lact.: r. 
is rarely used in a good sense: if so, 
expr. by remuneratio, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 6g: 
Vv. REWARD: in a bad sense expr. by 
merces, cedis, f. (reward): to appoint a 
severe r. for rashmess, temeritatis gravem 
m, statuere, Liv. 39, 55: or better by 
poena (both sing. and pl.): a tardy, but 
just and merited r., serae sed justae 
tamen et meritae p., Cic. Mil. 31, 85: 
personified as the goddess of R., Hor. Od. 
3, 2, 32: prétium (7eward) is also used 
for punishment, r. (in the poets): Juv. 
13,105: Hor.: the law of r., lex talionis, 
Gell. 20, 1: V. KEQUITAL, RETALIATION, 
retributive: no exact equiv. : 
punishing the crimes of men with r. 
justice, facta virum multantes vindice 
poena, Catul. 64, 192: r. justice, *severa 
scelerum ultrix justitia, 
retrieve: sarcio, si, tum, 4: v. rr- 
PAIR, MAKE GOOD: or récipéro, 1: ¥. 
RECOVER. 
retrievable: pensabilis: a r. loss, 
p. damnum, Amm, 31, 13, 11. 
retrocession: rétrocessus, is: App. 
Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 5, extr.: V. RETROGRES- 
SION. 
retrograde (adj.): 1, retré- 
gradis (retrogradis, App.): whether the 
planet Jupiter had a r. motion, Jupiter 
an esset r., Sen. N. Q. 7, 25, 5: Plin. 
2. siipinus: v. BACKWARD. 
retrograde (v.): |, Lit: 1, 
retrogradior, 3: (the animal) r.s when 
Jeeding, retrograditur in pascendo, Plin, 
8, 15, 16. Q, retroeo, 4: Sen. Q. N. 
4, 21,2 (al. retro eo): V. RETIRE, RECEDE. 
. expr. by the advs. retro, retror- 
sum, (-us), joined to wbs. of motion: the 
stars 7., stellae aguntur retro, Sen. Q. N. 
7, 25,5: crabs r., cancri retrorsum (al. 
retrorsi, adj.) redeunt, Plin. 9, 31, §1: 
to r., recessim se dare, Pl. Cas. 2, 8, 7. 
||. Fig.: nearest word perb. rélabor, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 18° usu. expr. by a phr.: 
all things have r.d, versa et mutata in 
pejorem partem sunt omnia, Cic. Rose. 
Am. 36, 103: to r., deteriore statu esse, 
Auct. Har. Resp. 28, 61. 
retrogression: 1, régressus, is: 
Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 51 (opp. to progressus). 
Q. récessus, ts: Cic. Div. 2, 14, 34 
(opp. to accessus). 3, retrdgressus, 
us: Macr. 
retrospect: no exact equiv.: expr. 
by respicere (to look back): our minds 
cannot take so vast a r.,animi tam longe 
retro r. non possunt, Cic. Tusc. §, 2, 6: 
as far back as my memory can form a 
r., quoad longissime potest mens mea r. 
spatium praeteriti temporis, id. Arch. 
wre 
retrospective: expr. by the advs. 
retro, retrorsus (-um): if we wish to 
make it a r. enactment much confusion 


| must arise, cujus (legis) vim si retro 


velimus custodire multa necesse est 
perturbari, Trajan in Plin. Ep. ro, 116: 
lest it should be made r., ne cujusquam 
retro babeatur ratio, Plin. Ep. 10, 119: 
because the action is r., quia retrorsum 
se actio refert, Ulp. Dig. 13, §, 10, § 1. 
retrospectively: expr. by retro: 
cf. deinceps r. usque ad Komulum, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 37: 80, Tetrorsum, Ulp. Dig. 15, 


I, 32, § 1. 

return (”.): A, Trans.: |, To 
give back, restore: 1, reddo, didi, 
ditum, 3: 7. me my I0,000 sesterces, 


redde mibi x. sestertia, Catul. 102, 1: to 

r.is to give that which you owe to tts 

owner on his request, r. est ee de- 
3 


RETURN 





beas ei cujus est volenti dare, Sen. Ben. 
1,19, 1 (q. v.): tor.a thing ‘with in- 
terest,” quod acceperis majore mensura 
r., Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48. Q, restituo, ui, 
utum, 3 (constr. with ad or dat.): v. 
RESTORE, Join: reddere et r., Ter. 
Eun. 4, 6, 8. 3, référo, retiili (ret- 
tiili) rélatum, 3. to 7. the stolen bowl, r. 
pateram surreptam, Cic. Div. 1, 25, 54. 

4, rémitto, misi, missum, 3 (éo 
send back): r. me my napkin, mihi lin- 
teum remitte, Catul. 12, 11. J 7. your 
proffered favour, vestrum vobis bene- 
ficium remitto, Caes. B. C. 2, 32, extr. 

5, rédhibeo, 2 (a merc. t.t.): the 
slave may be r.’d according to the civil 
law, redhibeatur mancipium jure civili, 
Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91: Dig.: PL I]. Zo 
repay, give an equivalent for: it, 
référo, retiili (rettiili), rélatum, 3: if he 
cannot r.a kindness he can at least be 
sensible of it, si r. gratiam non potest 
habere certe potest, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69 : to 
r. like for like, parem gratiam r., Ter. 
Eun. 4,4, 51: par pro pari r., id. ib. 3, 1, 
55 (here Fleckeisen retains pro: others 
omit it). 9, reddo, didi, ditum, 3: to 
r. an answer, r. responsum, Cic. Planc. 
14, 34° V. RETURN (swbs.) III. 3, ré- 
pono, pdsui, positum, 3: to r. like for 
like, idem r., Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19: Vv. BE- 
PAY, REQUITE. (N.B.—The foll. passage 
is important’ it explains the preced. :— 
“referre est ultro quod debeas afferre. 
Non dicimus, gratiam reddidit; red- 
cunt enim et qui reposcuntur et qui 
inviti, et qui ubilibet, et qui per 
alium. Non dicimus reposuit benefi- 
cium aut solvit: nullum enim nobis 
placuit quod aeri alieno convenit ver- 
bum. Referve est ad eum a quo acce- 
peris rem ferre: haec vox significat 
voluntariam relationem: qui retulit 
ipse se appellavit:” Sen. Ep. 81, 9-10.) 
Phr. tor. an answer, respondere, Cic. : 
v. ANSWER: (to a letter) rescribere, id.: 
to r. love for love, amori amore respond- 
ere, id. Fam. 15, 21, 3; redamare (ut ita 
dicam), id. Am. 14, 49 (here only): to 7. 
a favour, rependere gratiam, Phaedr. 2, 
prol, 12: to r. like for like, par pari 
respondere, Cic. Att. 6, 13; mutuum 
facere, Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 37: to r. a blow, 
referire, Sen. Ira, 2, 34,5: to 7. a salu- 
tation, resalutare, Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 106: 
after r.ing each other’s greeting, salu- 
tato invicem, Phaedr. 3, 7, 3: @ shout 
arises, the banks 7. the sound, exoritur 
clamor, ripaeque responsant, Virg. Aen. 
12, 757- Ill. Zo give in an official 
statement : 1. profiteor, fessus, 3 (to 
make a 7. respecting oneself): to vr. 
one’s name among these, in his p. nomen 
suum, Ter. Eun. prol. 3: Cic. 9. ré- 
nuntio, 1: (to make a 7. respecting 
others: hence of the ing officers, etc.) : 
to r. Murena as consul, Murenam con- 
sulem r., Cic. Mur. 1, I. B, In- 
trans.: 1, rédeo, ii, itum, 4 (con- 
str. with in, ad, acc. of motion, or adv. : 
also pass. tmpers.): the bourn whence 
they say none r., illue unde negant r. 
quenquam, Catul. 3, 12: to go and 7., 
ire et r., Phaedr. 2, 8, 12; rarely, and in 
poet., r. ireque, Ov. M. 2, 409: ring in 
careless order, redeuntes agmine incauto, 
Liv. 9, 38: by what day I am likely to 
7., ad quos dies rediturus sim, Cic. Att. 
13, 9, extr.: thence they r.’d to Sora, ad 
Soram inde reditum (se. est), Liv. 9, 24. 
Fig.: to r. to their original condition, 
in pristinum statum r., Caes. B. G. 7, 
54, ad fin. 9. révertor, versus or 
reéve:to, ti, 3 (the dep. form is the more 
usual, except in the pf. tenses: but the 
dep. pf. occurs in Tac. and Quint.: prop. 
to turn back again, before reaching 
one’s destination : constr. like preced.): 
to go out of mme’s house and tor., exire 
domo et r., Cic. Tuse. 3, 15, 31: having 
advanced three days’ journey they rd, 
tridui viam progressi rursus reverte- 
runt, Caes. B. G. 4, 4 (notice the 
pleonasm). Fig.: to 7. to one’s old 
ways, ad superiorem consuetudinem T., 
Cic. Fam. y, 24, 2: as a vulgar prov., 
ad armillum r., App. M.9, p. 230: Lucil. 
(prop. to r. to the wine-vessel). a. 

684 


RETURNING 








révénio, véni, ventum, 3 (40 come back) : 
to r. home, domum r., Cic. de Or. 5, 38, 
UG HLS Wee. 4, rémigro, 1 (to r. 
to a former abode): to r. to their own 
territory, suos r. in agros, Caes. B. G. 4, 
27. Fig.: to r. to justice, ad justi- 
tiam r., Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62. 5, ré- 
volvor, vélutus, 3 (to turn back): I 7. 
again and again to my seat at Tus- 
culum, revolvor identidem in Tuscu- 
lanum, Cic. Att. 13, 26. Fig.: to r. to 
his father’s opinion, r. ad patris senten- 
tiam, id. Acad. 2, 48, 148. 6, rémeo, 
1 (once only in Cic., of the movements 
of the air): the herds used to r. at 
nightfall to the stalls, nocte remeabant 
ad stabula greges, Liv. 24, 3: to r. to 
their native abodes, r. in patrias sedes, 
Tac. A. 14, 25. 7. répéto, ivi or ii, 
itum, 3 (to r. to: constr. trans. with 
acc.: rarely absol.): to r. to the camp, 


castra r., Liv. 31, 21: diseases 7., morbi | 


repetunt, Cels. 2, 1,adinit. 8, récurro, 
curri, 3 (to run back: hence, fig., to 
r.): you may drive out nature by force, 
yet she will continually r., naturam ex- 
pellas furca, tamen usque recurret, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 10, 24: whence all things came, 
whither they 7. unde generata (sint 
omnia) quo recurrant, Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 
61. 9, récurso, 1 (freq. of preced.) : 
at night her anxiety 1.s again and 
again, sub noctem cura recursat, Virg. 
Aen. 1,662. 10. rébito,3; Pl. Phr.: 
he r2d to the banquet, se ipse convivio 
reddidit, Liv. 23, 9, extr. : is it not enough 
to r. to Ithaca? non satis est Ithacam 
revehi? Hor. S. 2, 5, 4: to 7. by the same 
way, iter rursus revolvere, Virg. Aen. 
g, 3913 Telegere, Stat. Ach. 1, 23; to 7. 
back, iter retrorsum porrigere, App. M. 
6, p..174: V. RETRACE: fo 7. from a 
walle, redambulare, Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 121: 
to r., pedem revocare, Virg. Aen. 9, 125; 
referre, Ps. Ov. H. 15, 186: to cause to 
vr. from exile, de exsilio reducere, Cic. 
Phil. 2, 4,9: to 7. into voluntary exile, 
denuo in voluntarium exsilium pro- 
ficisci, Just. 5, 5, ext?.: to r. to one’s 


former intemperance, innovare se ad 


suam intemperantiam, Cic. Pis. 36, 89: 
to r. to one’s original pursuits, se ad 
pristina studia revocare, id. Brut. 3, 11: 
to r. to philosophy, se ad philosophiam 
referre, id. Off. 2, 1,4: Syracuse 7d into 
its former servitude, Syracusae in anti- 
quam servitutem reciderunt, Liv. 24, 32, 
extr. 

return (svbs.) : I. 

returning: coming back : it 


réditus, Us (constr. with ad, in, or acc. | 
of motion: cf. Lat. Gram. § 260) our go- | 


ing and r., noster itus, r., Cic. Att. 15,5, 
ad fin.: ar. home from the forum, do- 
mum r. e foro, id. Pis. 3, 7 9. ré- 
ditio (rarer than preced.): Cic.:; Caes. 
8, réversio (a turning back before 
the journey is at an end: cf. Cic. Att. 
16,7, reditus vel potius r.): the r. of fevers, 
r. febrium, id. N. D. 3, 10, 24. 4, re- 
gressus, Us: opp. to progressus, Cic. N. D. 
2, 20, 51. Fig.: a 7. to repentance, r. 
ad poenitendum, Tac. A. 4, It. i 
réceptus, Us (in jig. sense): a 7, to 
Caesar's favour, r. ad Caesaris gratiam, 
Caes. B.C. 1,1: Liv. 6, rémeatus, tis: 
Dig. (App. has rémeacilum for a way 
of r., M. 6, p. 174.) Phr.: to answer 
letters by 7. of post, perh. literis statim 
rescribere, Cic. Att. 8, 1, ad init. (cf. 
tabellarios quam primum remittere, id. 
Fam. 14, 23): less classically, *per prox- 
imum qui abit cursum_ publicum 
literas permittere (Kr.). I]. 4 giving 
back, restitution : 1, restititio: v. 
RESTITUTION. Q, rédhibitio (a merc. 
and leg. t. t.): the r. or the retention of 
the dowry, r. vel retentio dotis, Cod. 
Just. 5, 3,19. [|]. Repayment, giving 
of an equivalent : 1, rémunératio; 
nothing is pleasanter than the r. of 
kindness, nihil remuneratione benevo- 
lentiae jucundius, Cic. Am. 14, 49 
absol. : id. Off. 2, 20, 69: V. RECOMPENSE. 
Q. vicis, f. (a gen. sing.: no nom. 
sing. or gen. pl.): to make a r. for a 
kindness, beneficio v. exsolvere, Tac. H. 
4, 33 or simply, v. reddere, Plin. Ep. 2, 


A going or| Agr. 2, 22, §9. 


REVEAL 


9, extr.: in r., invicem (one word)* Vv. 
TURN, REQUITAL. Phr.: she who loves 
me, whom I love in r., quae me amat, 
quam contra amo, Pl, Am. 3, 2, 24 (32): 
Ter.: such is the r. you make for 
your life, talia reddis praemia pro 
vita, Catul. 64, 157: nor do I demand 
anything in r. for her, neque repeto 
pro illa quicquam, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 
11: I will buy another better mantle 
in v., aliam pallam redimam meliorem, 
Pl. Men. 4, 2, 110 (115): to invite any 
one in 7., revocare aliquem, Phaedr. 1, 
26, 7: Cic.: to promise in r., repromit- 
tere, id. Rose. Com. 13, 39 (where also 
occurs the subs, repromissio): to ask @ 
concession and grant it in r., veniam 
petere dareque vicissim, Hor. A. P. 11. 
Sometimes expr. by Gk. words: to flout 
in 7. avtysuxtnpicery, Cic. Fam. 15, 19, 
a present in r., avtd@pov, Ulp. 
Dig. 5, 3, 25, § 113 avridepva (a Yr. pre- 
| sent from the bridegroom) Cod. Just. 
, Proceeds, profit : 1. réditus, 
us (both sing. and pl.): when the r.s de- 
crease the value (of property) ts lessened, 
decrescente reditu etiam pretium minu- 
it, Plin. Ep. 6, 3: Nep.: Ov.: Vv. RE- 
VENUE, INCOME. 2. rédactus, us: 
Scaev. Dig. 46, 3, 89. 3. expr. by 
quaestus, Us, V. GAIN, PROFIT: fructus, 
is, Vv. FRUIT. 4, prétium: ther. from 
the goods they sold, p, rerum quas vend- 
iderint, Phaedr. 4, 5,47. Phr.: nobody 
ts bound to lay out money on cultivation 
if he sees there is no possibility of ar., 
nemo debet sumptum facere si videt 
non posse refici, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8: 
Cic. Par. 6, 1, ad jin.: what clear r. 
there may be for the owners, quid possit 
ad dominos puri ac reliqui pervenire, 
| id. Verr. 3, 86, 200: he affirms that 
| there isa r. of 1200 gallons from each 
juger, denos culeos redire ex jugeribus 
scripsit, Plin. 14, 4, 5, extr.: the land 
gives an eightfold r., ager efficit cum 
| octavo, Cic. Verr. 3, 47, 112: @ sure r. 
from my crops, segetis certa fides meae, 
Hor. Od. 3, 16. 30: the rs of the sale 
were divided among the soldiers, quod- 
que inde redactum militibus est divi- 
| sum, Liv. 5, 16. V. An official de- 
claration : 1. professio (a 7. of one’s 
| name, income, etc.): to fill in a r., cone 
| ficere p., Cic. Fam. 16, 23. ‘The verb is 
| profiteor, fessus, 3: to give in a 7. oF 
| the spoil he has to the decemvirs, p. apud 
Xviros quantum habeat praedae, id. 
Q. réniimératio (a r. 
| of elections, votes, etc.): a r. of the votes, 
|r. suffragiorum, Cic. Planc. 6, 14: the 
a is renuntiare, Vv. RETURN (v.) A, 
| returning (part. and adj.): 1, 
| récidivus: a 7. (or remittent) fever, Tr. 
febris, Cels. 3, 4: Eccl. 2. rémea- 
| bilis: the r. stone, r. saxum, Stat. Th. 4, 
537. 
returned: rédux, dicis: a 7. ship, 
navis r., Liv. 21, 50: @ 7. army, TI. 
exercitus, Tac. A. I, 70, evtr.: Virg.: 








Catul. — i 
reunite: |, Lit.: 1, reglu- 
tino, 1. Prud. (in Catul. to unfasten). 


Q2. récompingo, 3: Tert. 3, ré- 
compono, no pf., positum, 3: to r. 
a fracture, r. fracturam, Veg. Vet. 2, 
47,3. 4, better expr. by unite again: 
V. UNITE. Il. Fig.: réconcilio, 1: 
Cic. : Vv. RECONCILE. 

reunion: |. Lit.: reaidinatio: 
Tert. If. Fig.: réconciliaitio: Cic.: 
V. RECONCILIATION. It is sometimes 
used improp. for MEETING, ASSEMBLY 





1, patéfacio, féci, fac- 
tum, 3 (€ in Lucr.): to r. the snares, p. 
insidias, Cic. Fam. 15, 2,7: to r. the truth, 
D. veritatem, id. Sull. 16, 45: I traced the 
evidence out, r.d it, brought it forward, 
indicia indagavi, patefeci, protuli, id. 
Mil. 37, 103: the plot being 7.d, indicio 
patefacto, Sall. J. 73, ad intt.: the pass. 
is expr. by patefio or piteo, 2 (neut.: to 
We open): the goddess was r.d by her 
gait, vera incessu patuit dea, Virg. Aen. 
I, 405: V. DISCLOSE, UNFOLD. 9. 
apério, ui, tum, 4 (constr. with acc. and 


«tra 


ae oe 








REVEALER 





inf., rel. clause, or de): to r. the future, 
a. futura, Jac. H. 2, 4: he r.s to the ship- 
master who he is, domino navis quis sit 
aperit, Nep. Them. 8, 6. 3, rétégo, 
Xi, ctum, 3 (to uncover): to r. the secrets 
of the conspiracy, r. occulta conjura- 
tionis, Tac. A. 15, 74: Virg.: Hor.: Ov. 

4, détégo, xi, ctum, 3 (syn. of pre- 
ced.): oratory brings out the character, 
and rs the secrets of the mind, profert 
Mores oratio et animi secreta detegit, 
Quint. 11, 1, 30. Liv.: v. DISCOVER. 

5, révélo, 1 (to unveil: the usual 
expr. in eccl. authors): to r. frauds, 
detegere et r. fraudes, App. M. 9, p. 229: 
r. the Scriptures unto me, revela mihi 
Scripturas, Aug. Conf. 11, 2. my son 
Jesus shwil be r.’d, revelabitur filius 
meus Jesus, Vulg. Esdr. iv. 7, 28: 1.’d 
religion, perh. *religio revelata. 6. 
récliido, di, sum, 3 (to open what has 
been shut): drunkenness r.s what has 
been hidden, ebrietas operta recludit, 
a te 


oracula mentis, Ov. M. 15, 145. 9. 
nudo, 1 (to lay bare): adversity usually 
rs the character, ingenium n. res ad- 
versae solent, Hor. S. 2, 8, 74° Liv. 
10. pando, di, passum or pansum, 
3 (to open): to r the origin of things, 
p. rerum primordia, Lucr. 1, 55: Virg. 
11, énuntio, 1 (to r. by words): he 
was bound by an oath not to r, what 
might be seen, adigebatur jurejurando 
quae visa essent non enuntiaturum, Liv. 
Yo, 38: Caes. B. G. 1, 4: Cic.: v. DIS- 
CLOSE, DIVULGE, PUBLISH. 12. indico, 
1 (to point out): he r’d the whole mat- 
ter to his mistress, rem omnem dominae 
indicavit, Cic. Clu. 64, 180: Liv.: v. 
SHOW, DECLARE, MAKE KNOWN. Phr.: 
the time when the conspiracy was r.’d, 
tempus quo fieret indicium conjura- 
tionis, Cic. Div. 2, 20, 46: the glitter of 
the helm will r. the robber, nitor galeae 
manifestabit latronem, Ov. M. 13, 106: 
v Berray: that from fear of dangerous 
es he had never r.’d it, se nun- 
quam in medium propter periculi me- 
tum protulisse, Cic. Fam. 15, 2,6: to r. 
all one’s secrets to a friend, expromere 
omnia sua occulta apud amicum, Ter. 
Heaut. 3, 3, 14. 
revealer : detector, patéfactor, Tert. : 
better expr. by verb. 
revealing (subs.): v. REVELATION. 
revel (v.): esi. 1, comis- 
sor, I (prop. to hold a festive procession 
with torches and music): to go tor. at 
his brother’s, c. ad fratrem, Liv. 40, 7: 
Vv. CAROUSE. 2. bacchor, 1 (fo riot 
like a Bacchanal: often fig.): i what 
delight will you r.! quanta in voluptate 
bacchabere ! Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: to r. in 
the slaughter of you, in vestra caede b., 
id. ib. 4,6, 11: Virg. 3, perbacchor, 1 
(stronger than preced.): to r. many 
days, multos dies p., Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 104. 
4, pergraecor, I (to r. like a Greek) : 
Pl. Most. 1, 1, 21. ebies 1, 
exsulto, 1 (to leap for joy): tor. in their 
neuly acquired freedom, e. insolentia 
libertatis, Cic. Rep. 1, 40: to r. in vain 
hopes, e. vana spe, Quint. 6, 4, 17: Vv. 
REJOICE, 9, luxiirio, or luxtrior, tT: 
Capua r.ing in prosperity, Capua lux- 
urians felicitate, Liv. 23, 2, ad init.: v. 
RIOT. 8, lascivio, 4. Cic. Rep. 1, 40: 
VY. TO BE WANTON. 
revel eet 1, cOmissatio: to 
revelling: prolong the vs till 
midnight, comissationes extendere ad 
mediam noctem, Suet. Tit.7: Cic. 2, 
bacchatio: nightly r., uocturna bac- 
chatio, Cic. Verr, Act. 2, 1, 12, 33. Cy 
orgia, drum, 7. pl. (6py.a: prop. of re- 
ligious rs): Italian r.s, Itala orgia, 
Prop. 3, 1, 4: Juv. 4, luxiiria (ez- 
cess in eating and drinking): v. 107, 
DEBAUCHERY. Phr.: to pass one’s days 
in r., bacchanalia vivere, Juv. 2, 3: he 


instituted a new dignity, “master of 


the revels,” novum officium instituit “a 
yoluptatibus,” Suet. Tib. 42, extr. 
revelation: |. The act of re- 








REVENUE 


vealing : ], patéfactio: the r as it 
were of hidden matters, p. quasi rerum 


opertarum, Cic. Fin. 2, 2, § V. DIS- 
CLOSURE, DISCOVERY. 2. détectio: 
Tert. 3, révélatio: Tert. I. Uke 


matter revealed: rév@latio, Eecl.: ad. 
revelatorius, Tert.: the divine r., * \ibri 
quos viri divinitus edocti scripserunt 
(Kr.): r.s, manifestata, Aug. Doct. Chr. 


4, 12, ad fin.: the Book of Revelation, | 


Apocalypsis, Vulg. 

reveller: 1, cOdmissator- Cic. 
Coel. 28, 67. 2, expr. by a part.: 
like v.s, comissantium modo, Liv. 3, 29 : 
vy. foll. art. Phr.: the whole band of 
Antony's r.s, totus comissationis An- 
tonlanae chorus, Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 15: in 
Sen. Ep. 122, 2, they are called “anti- 
podes,’” because they turn night into 
day. 

revelling (part. and adj.): 1, 
comissabundus: Liv. 9, 17, extr. 9. 
bacchabundus; Curt. 9, 10, 27. 

revelling (subs.): f 

RIOT (subs.). 
], ultio: the 


revelry : 
revenge (subs.): 
pleasure of 7., voluptas ultionis, Quint. 
5, 13, 6: a presage of future 7r., prae- 
sagium futurae ultionis, Tac. A. 15, 74: 
to dread her son’s r., u. ex filio timere, 
id. ib. 12,9: to sacrifice the traitors to 
their r., ultioni perfidos mactare, id. ib. 
2,13: to seek r., petere u., id. ib. 3,7: 
to burn for r., acriter ad (in) u. exar- 
descere, id. ib. 12, 38; Flor.: to glut 
one’s r., se ultione explere, Tac. A. 4, 
253 u. suam implere, Sen. Clem. 1, 21, 
yh, 9, vindicta. to take r. fora Little 
thing, parvae v. rei quaerere, Phaedr. 4, 
4, 10: a r. that exceeds the injury, v. 
gravior quam injuria, Juv. 16, 22: the 
divine anger proceeds slowly towai'‘ds 
its r., lento gradu ad v, sui divina pro- 
cedit ira, Val. Max. 1, 1, extr., 3 ad jin.: 
V. VENGEANCE, 8, expr. by Cic. (who 
does not use either of the preced.) by 


ira, which he defines to be “ulciscendi | 


libido,” Tuse. 4, 19, 44: cf. subit ira 
ulcisci patriam, Virg. Aen. 2, 576: or by 


poena (punishment): to take r. on any | 


ome, poenas ab aliquo expetere, Cic. Pis. 
4, 165 persequi, id. Fam. 1, 9, 15: 80, he 
took r. on himself for the crime, reprae- 
sentavit in se poenam facinoris, Phaedr. 
3, 10; 32. 4. vicis, f. (a gen. sing.: 
no nom. sing. or gen. pl.: requital) : 
she, by herself, takes r. for many, mul- 
tarum exigit una vices, Prop. 1, 13, 10: 
he took r. on himself for us, nostram 
v. ultus est ipse sese, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 2. 
—, totake (on): 1. vindico, 1 
(constr. with acc. of the person avenged, 
but acc. with in, rarely abl. with ab of 
the person on whom vengeance is taken : 


often pass. impers.): to take signal r. | 


for that thing, eam rem vehementer v., 
Cic. Fl. 7, 28: to take r. on any one, v. se 
ab aliquo, Sen. Ben. 6, 5, 4. 9. ulcis- 
cor, ultus, 3: V. AVENGE, and preced. 
art. 

revenge (.): 
Vv. AVENGE. 

revengeful : perh. *ulciscendi cu- 
pidus; or expr. by the verb: also in 


ulciscor, ultus, 


poet., ultrix, icis (a fem. adj. with a n. | 


pl.): Virg.: vindex is used adj. in ap- 
position with nouns by Ov. and CatuL: 
so too ultor may be employed: cf. Lat. 
Gr. § 598. 

revenger: ultor: Cic.: v, AVENGER: 
exactor ultionis, Sen. Ira 3, 3, 3. 

revenue: 1, vectigal (the gen. 
term for income both public and private): 
the r. of a whole year, totius anni v., 
Cic. Manil. 6, 16: half the r.s of that 
year, dimidium ex vectigalibus ejus 
anni, Liv. 44, 16: to embezzie the r.s, Vv. 
suo quaestu pervertere, Cic. Verr. 3, 55. 
128: of private r.s: how great @ Tr. 18 
Frugality ! quam magnum v. est par- 
simonia! id. Parad. 6, 3, ad imt.: @ 
small r., tenue v., id. ib.: adj. vectigalis, 
Cic. 9, réditus, ts (returns: not in 


Cic.): to bring in a moderate but fixed 


r., Yr. sicut modicum ita statum prae- 


stare, Plin. Ep. 3, 19: the deficiency of 


the r.is supplied by economy, quod cessat 
ex reditu frugalitate suppletur, id. ib, 2, 


V. REVEL (subs.), | 


3: | 


REVERENCE 


4: his whole r.in money, omnis pecuniae 
r., Nep. Att. 14, 3° to draw upon the 

r.s in advance by a heavy expen- 
diture, gravitate sumptuum Justos r. 
anteire, Tac. A. 15, 18° V¥. INCOME, RENT, 
RETURN. 8. fructus, fis (fruit, pro- 
ceeds. both sing. and pl.): the r. of a 
whole year, {. totius anni, Cic. Manil. 6, 
15: the r. from the mines, f. metal- 
lorum, Liv. 45, 40° the sea was his 
; grand source of r., fuit ei magno fruc- 
| tui mare, id. 34, 36: to bring mar,, 


f. ferre, Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 83. 4. 
péciinia (money): the 1., p. vecti- 
galis, Cic. Verr. 1, 35, 89° ‘lac.: the 


public r. derived from the mines, p. 
yublica quae ex metallis redibat, Nep. 
Them, 2, 2. 5, fiscus (prop. the trea- 
| sury« later the imperial treasury: ¥. 
Dict. Ant.): Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 5: Tac.: 
| the controller of the r., advocatus fisci, 
| Spart. Hadr. 20, 6: adj. fiscalis: Suet.. 
Dig. 6. arca (a chest): Hermog. Dig. 
50, 4,1, § 2: also more fully, arca fisci, 
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43,4. Phr.: he de- 
rives a 7. of 600,000 sesterces from his 
estates, capit ille ex suis praediis DC 
sestertia, Cic. Par. 6, 3, ad init.. a 
controller of the r., arcarius, Lampr 
Alex. Sev. 43, 4. a 7.-officer, procurator, 
‘Tac. A. 12, 60 (i. e. one who collects 
the r.): V. TAX-GATHERER. 
reverberate: |. Trans: 1 
répercittio, cussi, cussum, 3 (used both 
of reflecting light and returning sound): 
the cries, r.d by the broken line of the 
| mountains. voces repercussae montis 
anfractu, Tac. A. 4, 51: Liv. 21, 33: ¥ 
RE-ECHO, REFLECT. 2, rejecto, t 
the mountains r the cries, montes re- 
jectant voces, Lucr. 2, 328. =|. In- 
trans,: rés0no, 1: V. RESOUND. 
reverberation: 1. répercussus, 
jis: that the voice may resound more 
formidably by the 7., quo gravior vox 
Tepercussu intumescat, Tac. Germ. 3: 
V. REFLECTION. 9, répulsus, is (usu 
in abl. sing.): the r. of the rocks, 
scopulorum r., Poet. in Cic. Div. 1, 7,13: 
Lucr. 3. résénantia: Vitr. 5, 3, § 
v. ECHO. Phr.: 7.8, reciprocae voces, 
Plin. 2, 44,44: the r. of the shouts along 
the slopes of the mountains, clamor jugis 
| montium repercussus, Curt. 3, 10, 2. 
revere: 1, vénéror, or 
| reverence (¥.): t entro, I (the later 
form is poet.: hence in Hor. and Virg. 
veneratus as a part. pass.: to regard 
with religious awe): to r. the gods, v. 
deos, Cic. N. D. 3, 21, 53: to r. any one 
| as a god, r. aliquem ut deum, id. Tuse. 
| I, 21, 48: whom all of us ought almost 
to r., quos omnes paene V debemus, id. 
Phil. 10, 2, 4. 9, révéreor, itus, 2 (fo 
stand in awe of: it denotes a high re- 
spect): 7. the gods that founded them, Tr. 
their ancient glory, reverere conditores 
| Deos, reverere gloriam veterem, Plin. 
| Ep. 8, 24: Cic. 3. véreor, itus, 2 (to 
regard reverently: it denotes a feeling 
which does not imply fear, but may 
degenerate into it): we 7. you, and, uf 
| you wish it, we even fear you, but we r. 
| and fear the Gods more, veremur Vos, et 
si vultis etiam timemus, sed plus et ve- 
| remur et timemus deos, Liv. 39, 37, ad 
fin. : they will not only respect and love, 
but they will also r. each other, non solum 
colent inter se verum etiam verebuntur, 
Cic. Am, 21,82. 4, cdlo, cdlui,cultum, 
3 (to honour, worship): to r. any one as 
a god, c, aliquem ut deum, Cic, Rep. 1, 
12. Join: venerari etc, id. N D. 2, 
| 28, 71; Vv. HONOUR, RESPECT. ; 
reverence (subs.): |. High re- 
spect : 1, ventritio (the highest re- 
spect: only once in Cic.). all that is 
excellent rightly commands r., habet v. 
justam quidquid excellit, Cie, N. D. 1, 
1}, 45: to escort with great r., multa 
cum veneratione prosequi, Tac. G, 40. 
Join; v. cultusque, Tac. H. 1, 10 (said 
of an emperor). Q, révérentia (once 
only in Cic.). r. ts paid to the grove, est 
luco r., Tac. G. 39: Quint.: as an im- 
perial title, Plin. Pan. 95, ad fin. 2 
vérécundia (a modest feeling of respect: 
cf. Cic. Am. 22, 82): Vv. RESPECT. 
! 685 








REVERED 





religio (also relligio: a religieus r.): 
the temple was always held in such r., 
fanum tanta religione semper fuit, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 46, 103° id. ib. § 96. 5. 
cultus, is (worship): r. for a king, c. 
regis, Tac. A. 2, 58: V. WORSHIP. 6. 
honor (in a wide sense : honour, respect) : 
r. for antiquity, bh. antiquitatis, Plin. Ep. 
8, 24. %, formido, Inis, f.: v. AWE. 
Il. An act of bodily homage : to do 
r., *inclinato corpore colere aliquem 
(Kr.): perh. also adorare: v. OBEISANCE : 
for the Roman usage, cf. Plin. 28, 2, 
§ 25; “in adorando dextram ad osculum 
referimus, totumque corpus circumagi- 
mus.” 
revered: 1, vénérabilis (constr. 
reverend: § with a/l.of the quality) : 
a r. man, v. vir, Liv. I, 7: Vv. VENER- 
ABLE. [N.B.—vénératus is also found, 
YV. REVERE; and in Insc. venerandus, 
which Cic. only uses as a gerundive.]} 
2. révérendus: a book of r. anti- 
quity, liber r. antiquitatis, Gell. 18, 5, 
ad fin.: as a title of ecclesiastics : 
Right R., reverendissimus, Cod. ‘Theod. 
1, 55,8: the Rev. A. B..., *vir vr. A. B..... 
3, vérécundus (very rare): Amm. 
14, 6, 6 (in connection with the preced.). 
4, vérendus (awful): r. majesty, 
v. majestas, Ov. M. 4, 540. 5, au- 
gustus (prop. of that which has augurial 
sanction) - a7. man, vir a., Liv. 8, 6, ad 
med. Join: san tus a.que, Cic. Tusce. 
5, 12, 36: V. SACRED. it is also a stand- 
ing title of emperors, etc.: Suet.: v. 
MAJESTIC. 6. gravis (commanding 
reverence on the ground of worth or 
dignity): a prudent and r. man, homo 
prudens et g., Cic. de Or. 1,9, 38: Join: 
g. et sanctus, id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6. 
reverent: ], révérens, ntis (re- 
spectful): it seemed move devout and r., 
sanctius ac reverentius visum, Tac. G. 
34: V.RESPECTFUL. Q, religidsus (rel- 
lig.: rererencing the gods): v. DEVOUT, 


RELIGIOUS. 8. pius: v. Prous. 
reverential: 1, vénérabundus: 
Liv. 5, 41. venérabilis: 7. to- 
wards the gods, v. in deos, Val. Max. 1, 
I, 15. : 
reverentially : révérenter 


1, 

reverently : § respectfully) : to 
regard foreign rites most 7., peregrinas 
caerimonias reverentissime colere, Suet. 
Aug. 93: Plin. 2, vénérabiliter: Val. 
Max. 5, I, extr., 5 (the form veneranter 
is found in Tert. and verenter in Sedul.). 

3. sancte: J r. pray thee, te s. 

precor, Liv. 2, 10, ad fin. Join: s. 
augusteque, Cic. N. D. 3, 21, 53: V. DE- 
VOUTLY, PIOUSLY. 

reverie: perh. it may be expr. after 
Quint. 6, 2, 30- “velut somnia quaedam 
vigilantis:” lost in a deep r., cogita- 
bundus tanquam quodam secessu mentis 
atque animi facti a corpore, Gell. 2, 1. 

reversal; expr. by rescissio: v. RE- 
SCINDING: Or infirmatio; v. ANNULLING: 
v. also foll. art. 

reverse (subs.): |]. A change to 
the opposite : 1. vVicis (no nom. sing. 
or gen. pl.: change, vicissitude): la- 
menting the sad r. of fortune, gemens 
tristem fortunae v., Phaedr. 5, 1, 6: v. 
CHANGE, VICISSITUDE. 2, conversio : 
a r. of circumstances, c. rerum, Cic. Fl. 
37, 94: V- REVOLUTION. 3. expr. by 
various words: a r. of fortune, com- 
mutatio fortunae, Caes. B. G. 7, 63; 
poet. vertigo rerum, Lucan 8, 16: also 
simply casus Vv. MISFORTUNE: there 
came suddenly a r. of fortune, conversa 
subito fortuna est, Nep. Att. Io, 1: 
to experience a r. of fortune, alteram 
fortunam experiri, Liv. 9, 17: to dread 
ar. of fortune, fortunae rotam perti- 
mescere, Cic. Pis. 10, 22. {], A de- 
Feat (milit. t. t.) + clades, is, f.: v. DE- 
FEAT. Ill. The back part: expr. by 
fiversus: the r. of the paper, a. charta, 
Mart. 8, 62, 1: the r. of a medal, *nu- 
mismatis facies aversa: the r. of the 
parchment, tergum, Juv. 1, 6: Vv. BACK. 

V. The contrary: expr. by con- 
trarius (not to be used subst.) : v. CON- 
TRARY, OPPOSITE, 
|. Lit.: 


reverse (v.): ], in- 
686 


REVILE 


REVIVAL 





verto, ti, sum, 3: @ ploughshare r.d, 
vomer inversus, Hor. Epod. 2, 63: v. 
INVERT. Q. retroaigo, égi, actum, 3 
(sometimes written as two words): @ 
dactyl r.dis called an anapaest, dactylus 
retroactus appellatur anapaestos, Quint. 
9, 4, 81: to r. the order, r. ordinem, id. 
12, 2, 10. Phr.: you may rather say 
day and night than r. the order, diem 
ac noctem dicas potius quam retrorsum, 
id.9, 4,23. ||. Fig.: 1, infirmo,1 
(annul, make void) : tor. everything that 
had been done in the preceding year, 
omnes res anni superioris i., Cic. Sest. 
18, 40: Vv. INVALIDATE, UNDO. Dy 
converto, ti, sum, 3: philtres cannot r. 
right and wrong, venena fas nefasque 
non valent c., Hor. Epod. 5, 88: v. 
CHANGE, ALTER. Phr: to r. a judg- 
ment, judicium restituere, Cic. Verr. 2, 
26, 63; supplantare, Ps. Quint. Decl. 7: 
V. RESCIND, REPEAL: to r. the whole con- 
duct of that man’s praetorship, retexere 
istius praeturam, Cic. Verr. 2, 26, 63: 
she grieves that the destiny is rd, dolet 
haec fila reneri, Ov. F. 6, 757. 
reversely: versa vice, Ulp. Dig. 43, 





29, 3: V. CONVERSELY, 
reversible: versilis: Servius ad 
Virg. G. 3, 24. 


reversion: |. Act of reversing: 
expr. by the verb. Il. Legal t. t.: 
*spes succedendi, hereditatis cernendae 
(Kr.): to be made reversionary legatee, 
in spem secundam (hereditatis) assumi, 
Tac. A, 1, 8: it may also be expr. after 
Cic. Top. 6,29 (R and A.), “spes heredi- 
tatis morte alicujus ad quempiam per- 
venturae.” 

reversionary : V. preced. art. 

revert: rédeo, ii, itum, 4: on his 
death the goods legally r.’d to me, ejus 
morte ad me lege redierunt bona, Ter. 
And. 4, 5, 4. 

revi2w (subs.): récognitio: a r. of 
the knights, r. equitum, Suet. Claud. 16 
(for which the t.t. was transvectio, id. 
Aug. 38): the words récensio, Cic. : 
Suet.; récensus, ts, Suet.; and récen- 
sitio, Dig., denote a r. with a view to 
registration, enrolment, etc.: lustratio 
denotes the religious rites accompanying 
ar., v. Liv. 40, 6: hence a military r. 
is better expr. by a verb: v. foll. art.- 
in fig. sense, percensio, Front.: v. SUR- 
VEY: a r. (of a book, etc.), * censura 
(Kr.): v foll. art. 

review (v.): 1, récenseo, sui, sum 
and situm, 2 (to examine closely): to r- 
the legions, r. legiones, Liv. 2, 39: to 7. 
and count the number, r. numerumque 
inire, Caes. B. G. 7,76 (the numbering 
being usually one object of a review). 
Fig.: to r. one’s brave deeds, fortia 
gesta r., Ov. H. 9, 105: Plin.: to r. a 
book, * libri alicujus argumentum r. et 
judicium de eo ferre (Kr.): v. CRITICIZE. 

2. percenseo, ui, 2 (to enumerate, 

reckon up). Fig.. to r. the speeches of 
the ambassadors, p. orationes legatorum, 
Liv. 32, 21, ad init. 3. lustro, 1 (to 
purify: purtficatory rites attended r.s) : 
to r. the army at Iconium, 1. exercitum 
apud Iconium, Cic. Att. 5, 20, ad init. 
Fig.: to r. everything mentally, |. omnia 
ratione animoque, id. Off. 1, 17, 57: so 
the comp. perlustro, 1: id. Part. Or. 11, 
38. 4, récognosco, gnovi, gnitum, 3: 
to r. the sailors, socios navales r., Liv. 
42, 31. sO cognosco, gnovi, gnitum, 3, 
in Cic. Pis. 37, 91 (elsewhere rare). 5, 
inspicio, spexi, spectum, }: Vv. INSPECT. 
Phr.: (i.) to r. an army, convertere 
exercitum, Gell. 5, 5: he r.d his whole 
Jorces and numbered his troops, uni- 
versas vires in conspectum dedit et nu- 
Merum copiarum iniit, Curt. 3, 2, 2. 
(ii.) J r. my words and deeds, facta mea 
ac dicta remetior, Sen. Ira 3, 36, 3: tor. 
a book, * libri censuram scribere (Wyt- 
tenb. in Kr.): to r. a man’s writings, 
de omni ejus scripto judicium censuram- 
que facere, Gell. 12, 2. 

reviewer: perh. censor: cf. Hor. 
Ep. 2, 2, 110; or expr. by a phr. 

revile: 1, mialédico (or malé 
dico), xi, ctum, 3 (to speak evil of : con- 
| str. with dat., absol., or impers. pass.: 

















very rarely with acc.): he r.d him most 
foully, ei turpissime maledixit, Cic. N. D. 
I, 33:93: tf those who do not deserve tt 
are r.d, that Icall r.ing, indignis si male- 
dicitur maledictum id esse dico. Pl. Cure. 
4, 2, 27: freq. malédictito, Pl. Trin. 1, 
2, 62: to r. im return, remaledicere, 
Vesp. in Suet. Vesp. 9, extr. 9. con- 
vicior, I (Tare: to taunt): to accuse 
rather than r., accusare potius quam c., 
Liv. 42, 41, ad init. 3, lacéro, r: v. 
ABUSE, INSULT. Phr. to r., male- 
dicta in aliquem dicere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 
23 conjicere, id. Plane. 12, 31; conferre, 
id. Att. 11, 8; maledictis aliquem figere, 
id. N. D. 1, 34, 933 insectari, id. Fin. 2, 
25, 80; vexare, id. Fl. 20, 48; increpare, 
Sall. C. 21 - conviciis consectari, id. Att. 
2,18: tor. any one openly in the foulest 
way, foedissime convicio aliquem coram 
proscindere, Suet. Aug. 13: to r. bitterly, 
ferventissime concerpere, Coel. in Cic. 
Fam. 8, 6, 5. 
reviler: 1. conviciator: a foul- 
mouthed r., maledicus c., Cic. Mur. 6, 13. 
2. malédicax, acis; Pl. Cure. 4, 2, 
26: V. SLANDERER. 
reviling (subs.): 1, malédictio 
(rare); Cic. Cuel. 3, 6 (q.v.). [N.B— 
The form maledicentia occurs in Gell. 
3, 3, ad fin.) 2, mialédictum: from 
enmittes spring quarrels, 7.8, insults, ex 
inimicitiis jurgia, m., contumeliae gig- 
nuntur, Cic. Am. 21, 78: to utter low 
7.8, mM. ex trivio arripere, id. Mur. 6, 13 
(‘to talk Billingsgate’’). 3. convi- 
cium (taunt, reproach): daily r., c. 
quotidianum, Cic. Quint. 19, 62. Join: 
c. et maledicta, id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2: 4, 
probrum: v. INSULT. 5, insectatio 
(a railing at): a 1. of the chief men, i. 
principum, Liv. 22, 34. Phr.: to de- 
scend to r.s, ad contumelias verborum 
descendere, Caes. B. C. 3, 83- 
reviling (part. and adj): malé- 
dicus (with comp. and superl. as from 
maledicens), Cic. Fl. 3, 7. V. ABUSIVE, 
FOUL-MOUTHED, SCURRILOUS. 
revisal ; Vv. REVISION. 
revise: 1, retracto,1: tor. laws, 
leges r., Suet. Aug. 34, intt.: to r. what 
you have said, to retain much, to omit 
more, to insert some things, to rewrite 
others, quae dixeris r., multa retinere, 
plura transire, alia interscribere, alia 
rescribere, Plin. Ep. 7, 9: Cic.- v. BE- 
ToucH. Q, récognosco, gnovi, gnitum, 
3 (rare): to r. and correct small books, 
libellos r. et emendare, Plin. Ep. 4, 26. 
3. corrigo, rexi, rectum, 3: 7. this and 
that, corrige hoc et hoc, Hor, A. P. 438: 
also €mendo, 1: Cic.: Quint. : v. CORRECT, 
AMEND. 4, limo,1: Vv. POLISH. Phr.: 
to r. a@ poem, castigare carmen, Hor, 
A. P. 294: r.ing every writing, scrip- 
torum quaeque retexens, id. S. 2, 3, 2: 
to r. verses, incudi reddere versus, id. 
ib. 441: to r. proof-sheets, *specimina 
typographica relegere (Kr.). 
revision: 1, émendatio (the best 
word, although rare): after a r. it will 
be open to us to publish or suppress tt, 
erit post e. nobis liberum vel publicare, 
vel continere, Plin. Ep. 1, 8. Q. ré- 
tractatio (only as the title of a work by 
Aug.). 3. lima (prop. a file; hence 
the polishing of a literary work): the 
labour of 7., limae labor, Hor. A. P. 291. 
4, discussio (a r of the public ac- 
counts) : Cod. Just. 10, 30, I. 5 ré- 
pastinatio. Tert. 6. *récensio, ré- 
cognitio, are much used in M. L. for the 
revision of a literary work: there does 
not, however, appear to be any good 
authority for them, still less is there for 
revisio: it is better to use a verb. 
revisit: 1. réviso, 3: J wish you 
would r us, velim nos revisas, Cic, Fam. 
1,10. Q, révisito, 1. (freq. of preced.), 
to r. the city often on market days, 
r. urbem nundinis, Plin. 18, 3, 3, ad jin. 
3, répéto, ivi or ii, itum, 3. Vv. RE- 
TURN. 4, récdlo, célui, cultum, 3: to 
r. a spot, r. locum, Phaedr. 1, 18, I. 
revival: |. Lit.. rédinimatio: 
Tert.: usu. expr. byaverb, |]. Fig.: 
réndvatio: ar. of learning, r. doctrinae, 
Cic. Brut 71, 250: V. RENEWAL, 





re 





REVIVE 


revive: |, Trans.: 1. rédin- 
tegro, 1: the doves are r.d in the open 
air, columbae libero aere redintegrantur, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 1,6. Fig.: tor. the 
hopes of victory, r. spem victoriae, Caes. 
BAG. J, 3%. 9, recreo,1: to r. any 
one in a swoon, defectionem alicujus r., 
Tac. A.6,50. Join: erigere atque r., 
Cic. Verr. 3, 91, 212: V. REFRESH, RE- 
STORE. Aare fovi, Orta ie 
warm again): tor. his strength by t 
mildness of the climate, r. vires mol- 
litia coeli, Tac. A. 12, 66. Fig.: tor. 
the remnants of faction, reliquias par- 
tium r., Suet. Caes. 35,ad fin. 4, réfo- 
cillo, 1 (syn. of preced.): being with diffi- 
r.d, aegre refocillatus. Plin. Ep. 3, 
14:Sen. 5, excito, 1 (to arouse): tor. 
his dear memory, e. illius caram memo- 
riam, Cic. Or. 10, 35: to r. the drooping 
spirit, e. jacentem animum, id. Am. 16, 
59: V. AWAKEN. 6. rédanimo, 1: 
ert. Phr.: to r. a flower, animare 
florem, Plin. 11, 23, 27: tor. the spec- 
tacles of antiquity, spectacula ex anti- 
quitate repetere, Suet. Claud. 21, ad init. : 
being somewhat r.d at the first sight of 
him, subrefectus primo conspectu, Vell. 
2,123, 3. I. Intrans.: 1, révivisco, 
vixi, 3 (to live again: mostly fig.): the 
republic r.s, res publica reviviscit, Cic. 
Fam. 4,4, 3. Join: r. et recreari, id. 
ib. 6, 10, 5. (N.B.—In the lit. sense it 
usu. denotes to “live again ;” e. g., Cic. 
Mil. 29, 19: the form révivo, no perf., 
victum, 3, occurs in Sen. Med. 476.) 
Q. résipisco, ivi or ii, 3 (to recover 
one’s senses): bring water whilst she r.s, 
afferte aquam dum resipiscit, Pl. Mil. 4, 
8,24. 3, réviresco, rui, 3: the empire 
not only 7.s, but even flourishes, non 
solum revirescit sed etiam floret im- 
perium, Curt. 10, 10, 5: Tac.: v. RE- 
FLOURISH. 4, rénascor, natus, 3 (to 
Spring up again): the war 7.s, bellum 
renascitur, Cic. Fam. 11, 14, 3: Liv. 6, 1. 
5, respiro, 1: v. BREATHE AGAIN. 
Phr.: tor., erigere se, Cic. Deivt. 14, 38: 
the tree r.s with the breeze, arbor re- 
creatur aura, Hor. Od. 1, 22,18. (N.B— 
Redire ad se = to recover one’s senses.) 
MEE : révivif ae : Tert. 
revocable: révocabilis t.): Ov. 
M. 6, 264. aS 
revocation: 1, révocatio: ther. 
of a word, r. verbi, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206. 
2, rescissio: V. RESCINDING, REPEAL, 
ABROGATION. 
revoke: 1, révico, 1: to r. one's 
promise, r. promissum suum, Sen. Ben. 
4, 39, 2: Tac.: v. RECALL. Q. ré- 
nuntio, 1: to r. a decision, r. decisionem, 
Cic. Verr. Act. 2, 1, 54, 141: V. RETRACT. 
8. rescindo, scidi, scissum, 3: Vv. RE- 
scIND. 4, abrégo,1: V. REPEAL. 9, 
tollo, sustiili, sublatum, 3: v. ABOLISH. 
revolt (v.): |. Intrans.: i 
déficio, féci, fectum, 3 (to stand aloof 


from): the states which had r.’d, civi- 


tates quae defecerant, Caes. B. G. 3, 17: 
those who rd from the republic, ii qui 
a republica defecerunt, Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28. 
2. descisco, ivi or ii, itum, 3 (mostly 
constr. with ab): to r. from one’s native 
land, a patria d., Liv. 28, 27, ad init.; 
Cic. Phil. 11, 9, 21. 3, rébello, 1 (to 
make war again: said of a conquered 
people): v. REBEL. 4, sécédo, cessi, 
cessum, 3 (to withdraw from the state: 
esp. of the revolts of the plebs) : Sall. Cat. 
33: Liv.: v. secepe. Phr.: lest the 
common people should r., ne plebs laber- 
etur, Caes. B. G. 5, 3: to r., in fide non 
manere, Liv. 28, 24; imperium auspi- 
ciumque abnuere, id. 28, 27, ad init. 
(said of soldiers). Fig.: owr very na- 
ture r.s at such suspicions, istiusmodi 
suspicionibus reclamitat natura ipsa, 
Cic. Rose. Am. 22, 63. 1]. Trans.. 
offendo. di, sum, 3: V. SHOCK, DISGUST. 
revolt (subs.): 1, défectio-: the 
r. of Pompey, subita d. Pompeii, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4: Caes.: Liv.: (the form 
défectus, iis, is late Latin). 2, rébellio 
(less freq. rebellatio and rebellium: a 
renewal of war by a conquered people) : 
V. REBELLION. 8. séditio (civil dis- 
cord): the r. spread among the legions, 


REVOLUTIONIST 


s. legiones incessit, Tac. A. 1, 16: Cic. 
Join: defectio s.que, Liv. 28, 24: v. 
TUMULT, SEDITION. Phr.: to rise in r. 
against any one, cooriri in aliquem, 
Liv. 7, 3, eztr.; exsurgere contra ali- 
quem, Tac. H. 2,76. Ilyricum was in 
a state of r., turbatum I!lyricum, id. ib, 
1, 2: to be participators in their r., 
furoris eorum socios esse, Liv. 28, 24, 
ad jin. 
revolted: rébellis: v. REBELLIOUS, 
INSURGENT: @ Tf. province, rebellatrix 
provincia, Liv. 40, 35, ad fin. 
revolter: défector; Tac. A. 1, 48: 
Vv. REBEL. 
revolting (adj.): expr. by néfandus: 
V. SHOCKING, DISGUSTING: foedus: v. 
LOATHSOME: also, in poet., vbscénus : 
Vv. OBSCENE. 
revolution: |. 4 turning or going 
round : 1, conversio (a turning 
round): the r. of a sphere, c. sphaerae, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 88: @ more rapid r., 
c. concitatior, id. Rep. 6, 18: to perform 
ar., c. habere, id. Tim. 9, ad init. a 
circumactus, tis: the r. of wheels, c. 
rotarum, Plin. 28, 9, 37, § 141: Sen. 
(The form circumactio occurs in Vitr.) 
8. circumvectio (very rare): the r. 
of the sun, solis c., Cic. Tim. 9, ad init. 
4. ambitus, iis (@ going round): the 
r of the heavenly bodies, a. siderum, 
Cic. Tim. 9: the r. of ages, a. seculorum, 
Tac. A. 6, 28. 5, orbis, is, m. (prop. 
acircle): a solar r., 0. solstitialis, Liv. 
1,19: tocomplete a full r., totum con- 
ficere et peragrare o., Cic. Tim. 9 (a. v.): 
a rapid r., rapidus o., Ov. M. 2, 93: v. 
CIRCUIT. 6, anfractus, iis: the r. of 
the sun, a. solis, Cic. Rep. 6, 12. if 
Vitr. uses the foll. words to denote the 
motion of the heavenly bodies: versatio, 
9,1, 43 circulatio, 9, 1, 8; circinatio, 9, 
I, 113; redundatio, 9, I, 15. 8, turbo, 
inis, f. (violent circular motion: mostly 
poet.): the r. of the heavens, coeli t., 
Lucr. 5,622. 9, vertigo, inis, f. (syn. 
of preced.): Ov.M.2,30. 10, voliimen, 
inis, n. (prop. a roll: very rare): Ov. M. 
2,71: V. ROTATION. 1], circumductus, 
tis: Macr. 12, circumversio: Amm. 
13, révolitio: Aug. Phr.: to com- 
plete a 7., cursum lustrare, Cic. Tim. 9. 
||. A change : commitatio, mutatio: 
v. CHANGE. Ill. Zsp. as a polit. t. t.: 
1, expr. by névae res: to be eager for 
ar., novis rebus studere, Cic. Cat. 1, I, 3: 
vast materials for a r., ingens novis 
rebus materia, Tac. H. 1, 6: to break out 
in open r., ad novas res consurgere, 
Suet. Caes. 9: Liv. 2, commitatio 
(a change): ar. in the republic, c. rei- 
publicae, Cic. Rep. 1, 42; c. civilis, id. 
Fam. 5,12, 4. Join: perturbatio etc., 
id. Rep. 2, 37. 8. motus, Us (commo- 
tion): ar. ts at hand, m. in republica 
impendit, Cic. Att. 3, 8, ad med.: joined 
with conversio rerum et perturbatio, id. 
Flac. 37, 94: V. RISING. 4, expr. by 
various phr.: how ar. might be brought 
about in Greece, quonam modo res in 
Graecia novaretur, Liv. 35, 34: to bring 
about a r., Tes novare, id. I, 523 10va 
moliri, Vell. 2, 129,2: dissensions which 
tend to produce a r., dissensiones quae 
ad commutandam rempublicam perti- 
nent, Cic. Cat. 3, 19, 25: afterar had 
taken place in the state, statu civitatis 
verso, commutato, Tac. A. 1, 4; Auct 
Har. Resp. 27, 60: they slew him whilst 
stirring up a r. in Africa, in Africa 
turbantem interfecerunt, Tac H. 1, 7: 
amazed at the r. in the state, vertigine 
rerum attonitus, Lucan 8, 16: v. also 
foll. art. 
revolutionary: 1. expr. by phr. 
with novus or névare: to be of a r. dis- 
position, novis plerumque rebus studere, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 5; pronum ad novas res 
esse, Tac. H.1,5 to excite a r. spirit 
among the people, populum ad cupi- 
dinem novae fortunae erigere, Liv. 21, 
19° r. schemes, novandarum rerum ¢on- 
silia, id. 6, 18: v. foll. art. 2. sédi- 
tidsus: v. SEDITIOUS. 
revolutionist: expr. by homo rerum 
commutandarum cupidus, Cic. Off 2, 1, 
33 rerum mutationis (or simply muta- 


REWARD 





tionis) cupidus, id. Att. 8, 3, 4; Tac. AL 
3, 44; Terum novarum molitor, Suet. 
Dom. Io. 

revolutionize: novo, 1: to wish to 
r. everything, oninia n. velle, Liv. 35, 34: 
in a bad sense: to r. the state utterly, 
evertere civitatem funditus, Cic. Dom. 
13, 35- 

revolve: |, Tomoveround: |, 
volvo, vi, vOlitum, 3 (w turn: asa . 
or with pron, reflect.: to r.): the unt- 
verse r.s round the earth, mundus vol- 
vitur circum terram, Vitr. 9, 1, 2: the 
courses of the stars r., cursus stellarum 
volvuutur, Cic. Rep. 6, 17: as the years r., 
volventibus annis, Virg Arn. 1, 234. 
(N.B.—Révolvo is usu. to return: but it 
is sometimes used hy the poets: ¢. g. 
id. Aen. 10, 256; Ov.: as is circum- 
volvo, Virg. Aen. 3, 284 [q. v }.) 3. 
circimago, égi, actum, 3 (consir. like 
preced.): the year rd, circumegit se 
annus, Liv. 9, 18, ad fin. : adining-room 
which used to r. lilce the world, coenatio 
quae vice mundi circumagebatur, Suet. 
Ner.31. 93, converts, ti, sum, 3 (constr. 
like preced.): to r., c. se, Cic. Tim. 9, 
ad fin.: the moon r.s in the lowest orbit, 
in infimo orbe luna convertitur, id. Rep. 
6, 17. 4, circumverto, ti, sum, 3 
(constr. as a dep.) : the wheel rs round 
the azle, circumvertitur rota axem, Ov. M. 
15,522: Pl. §, versor, 1 (to be turned 
round): they r. in the opposite direction 
to the heavens, versantur retro contrario 
motu atque coelum, Cic. Rep. 6, 17; 
N:.D: 5;,20, §2. 6. roto, 1 (to turn 
like a wheel): ar.ing eddy, rotans turbo, 
Lucr. 1, 294: V. ROTATE. 7. verti- 
gino, 1: Tert. Phr.: the sun rs, sol 
circumfertur, Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 178: wr. 
in a larger circle, majorem lustrare 
orbem, id. Tim. 9; majorem circina- 
tionem rotae percurrere, Vitr. 9, I, 10: 
as the wheel r.s, currente rota, Hor. A. P. 
22: to cause machines to r., circum- 
rotare machinas, App. bi.g,p.222. [I 
Toponder: 1, volito, 1. (freq. of folL: 
to turn over again and again): to r. 
anything in the mind, v. aliquid animo, 
Cic. Rep. 1,17 (or in animo, Liv.): Jr. 
it silently in my breast, id tacitus me- 
cum ipse voluto, Virg. E. 9, 37; Aen. 6, 
185. 2. volvo, vi, volitum, 3: he was 
r.ing many things in his mind, multa 
cum apimo suo volvebat, Salil. J. 6: 
Virg.: Liv.: Tac.: v. MEDITATE, CON- 
SIDER. 3. révolvo, vi, volitum, 3: 
to r. his words and deeds, dicta ejus 
factaque r., Tac. Agr. 46. 4, verso, 1 
(to turn over): to 1. every point in their 
minds, V. in animis unamquamague rem, 
Liv. 3, 34. 5, répiito, 1: Vv. REFLECT, 
PONDER. 

revolver: perb. *sclopetus minor 
tubis versatilibus instructus (?): but see 
PISTOL. , 

revolving (part. and adj): 1, 
versatilis: the 7. universe, v. mundus, 
Lucr. 5, 1434: T. compartments, v. ta- 
bulae, Suet. Ner.31. 2, versabundus: 
ar. whirlwind, v. turbo, Lucr. 6, 438. 

3, versilis: Vv. BEVERSIBLE 4, ré- 

tatilis: Sid. 5, expr. by a part.: v. 
REVOLVE: time as it r.s, volvenda dies, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 7: the. poles, rotati poli, 
Ov. M. 2, 75: the r. year, glomerans 
annus, Quint. Cic. poet. in Cic. Div. 1, 
12, 19. 

revulsion: révulsio: Plin. 

reward (subs.) : 1, praemium (@ 
r. as a mark of hmour): rs ave offered 
to virtues, punishments (o vices, Pp. Pro- 
posita sunt virtutibus, et supplicia vitils, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247: @ very splendid r., 
amplissimum p., id. Mil. 35, 97: &@ be 
entitled to a r., p. mereri, Caes, B. G. 7, 
34: toenrich with rs, praemiis augere, 
Tac. A. 1, 42: to get a r., p. consequi, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 43. the fruits of our toils, 
the r.s of our dangers, fructus laborum, 
p. periculorum, Cic. Pis. 26, 63. 2. 
merces, édis, f. (prop. ages). to bargain 


for a large 7., Magna mercede pacisci, 


Liv. 25, 33: Hor.: glory, the r. of ex 
ploits, gloria, m. rerum gestaruiu, Cic. Off. 
1, 19, 65. Dimin.: mercédila: tempted 
by a trifling r., mercedula ee id 


REWARD 


———— EE i 
15,261: v.ORATORICAL. Phr.: natural | fin.; Hor. 
1 


Je Ur. 1, 45, 198. 3. prétium (a price 
paid: hence a 7. due): the r. of the con- 
test, p. certaminis, Ov. H. 16, 261: to 
carry off a 7., p. ferre, Juv. 13, 105: 
Join: p. atque merces, Cic. Verr. 5, 20, 
gO. 4. honor or honos: to offer two 


r.s, proponere h. geminum, Virg. Acti. 5, | 
365: (a physician’s fee, Cic. Fam. 16, | 


9, 3)- 5, indicium (a r. for informa- 
tion given): Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 107. 
6. commédum (wages for public 

service): V. WAGES. 7, méritum (very 
rare): App. M. 8, p. 214. (N.B.—Ré- 
miinératio is the act of repaying, giving 
ar.; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 22, 66.) Phr.: to 
stipulate for a r., praemiari, Suet. ‘Tit. 7: 
a rT. of grain (in early times), adorea, 
Plin. 18, 3, 3, ad fin. 

reward (¥.): 1, expr. usu. by a 
phr. with praemium: to r. any one, 
praemio afficere aliquem, Cic. Balb. 9, 23; 
donare, id. Rose. Am. 37, 108; decorare, 
id. de Or. 1, 43, 194: if the r. is promised 
or customary, p. persolvere alicui, id. 
Coel. 29, 68 ; deferre, id. Fl. 1, 1; reddere, 
Phaedr. 3, Epil.,8: if he were r.d, si sibi 
p. foret, Liv. 24, 45, ad init. Q. ré- 
miunéror, 1: to r. any one handsomely, 
r. aliquem magno praemio, Caes. B. G. 
I, 44, ad fin.: to r. any one for his 
deserts, r. meritum (alicujus), Liv. 2, 
12: I must consider how I can r. you, 
considerandum est quonam te remunerer 
genere, Cic. Fam. 3, 9, 3. Phr.: to 
r. virtue, virtutem honorare, Liv. 2, 13: 
to r. his deserts, pro meritis gratiam 
referre, Nep. Them. 8, 7. 3. com- 
penso, 1: our toils are r.d with glory, 
labores nostri gloria compensati sunt, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14: V. RECOMPENSE. 

rewarder: 1, rémunérator: Tert. 

9. praemiatrix, f.: Amm., but usu. 

<xpr. by a verb. 

rewrite: rescribo, psi, ptum, 3; to 
insert some things, tor. others, alia inter- 
scribere, alia r., Plin. Ep. 5,9: Suet. 

reynard: vulpes, is, f.: v. FOX. 

rhapsodical : no exact equiv.: vy. 
BOMBASIIC, KLIGHTY : a7. writer, scriptor 
delirus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 126: a7. style is 
described by Quint. 12, 10, 73, as vitiosum 
et corruptum dicendi genus, quod ver- 
borum licentia exultat, ..-., inanibus 
locis bacchatur, .... specie libertatis 
insanit. 

rhapsodist: to be expr. by Greek 
rhapsodus (paywédos), or after Quint. 12, 
3, I, is qui poetarum scripta pronuntiat : 
Homerista, Petr. 59, 3, is a slave who 
recites Homer. 

rhavsody: _ |. A book of the Iliad; 
rhapsodia, Nep. Dion6, 3. — J, A Zighty, 
unconnected discourse : no exact equiv.: 
perh. expressed by flumen inanium ver- 
borum, Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 1 (cf. Quint. 10, 
1, 23): to mistake r.s for sublime flights, 
praecipitia pro sublimibus habere, Quint. 
12, 10, 73. 

Rhenish: Rhénanus, Sid.: Rhéniger 
(acc. to Schneidewin), Mart. 9, 35, 4. 

rhetoric: 1. rhétérica, ae, f. 
(rhetorice, es, Quint.) : philosophical, 
not forensic r., Yr. philosophorum non 
forensis, Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17. Q. rhé- 
tOrica, orum, 7. pl. (the stratagems of r.): 
your r. is well known to me, r. vestra 
mihi nota sunt, Cic. Fat. 2,4. 9, expr. 
by various phr.: rhetorum praecepta, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 3,9: dicendi praecepta, id. 
Div. 2, 1, 4: V. ORATORY: orandi scien- 
tia, ars, Quint. I, 10, 2; I, prooem. § 4: 
bene dicendi scientia, id. 2, 14, 5: he 
remarks (2, 14,1: q. v.), “rhetoricen in 
Latinum transferentes tum ‘ oratoriam’ 
tum ‘ oratricem’ nominaverunt.” Phr.: 
teachers of r., rhetorici doctores, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 19, 86: V. RHETORICIAN : to com- 
pose a treatise on r., artem rhetoricam 
scribere, id. Fin. 4, 3, 7: @ treatise 
on 7., rhetoricus liber, id. de Or. 2, 3, 
10: or abs., rhetoricus, Quint. 3, 5, 14: 
a school of r., rhetorica umbra, Juv. 7, 
173. 

ir atatical : 1, rhétéricus: r. exer- 
cises, r. exercitationes, Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 
168: a r. syllogism, r. syllogismus, 
Quint. 9,4,57. 2, oratérius: 7. orna- 
ments, 0. ornamenta dicendi, Cic. Brut. 

688 


RHYTHM 


not 7. brilliancy, naturalis non fucatus 
nitor, id. Brut. 9, 36. (N.B—R. display 
| or effect may be expr. by ornatus, orna- 
| menta, id. Or. 39 [q. v.].) 

rhetorically ; rhétorice, Cic. Fin. 2, 
6, 17; also more rhetorico, id. de Or. 1, 
29, 133: V. ORATORICALLY. 

rhetorician: 1. rhétor, Oris, m.: 
Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84. 9, rhétoriscus 
(dimin.: a@ paltry r.): Gell. 17, 20. 

3. expr. by rhetoricae disciplinae 

doctor, Gell. 13, 215 rhetoricus doctor, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 86. 

rheum: |, 4 flow of watery hu- 
mour: 1, destillatio @ running at 
the nose, etc.): Cels. 4, 4. 9. fluxio: 
ace. to Plin. 22, 18, 21, the equiv. of the 
Greek rheumatismus. 3. &piphora 
| (émebopa: a complaint of cattle): Col. 
6, 17, 8. 4, rheuma, Aatis, n. (pedua: 
the gen. rheumae occurs in Isid. Orig. 4, 
9): Hier. Ep. 122, 1. 5, gravedo, 
nis, f.: V. CATARRH. 6. lippitido, 
inis, f.: Cic.: v. BLEAREDNESS, Il. 
The moisture discharged: humor, Oris, 
m.: Cels. 4, 4, ad init. ; Ov.: Cic. 

rheumatic: perh. *dolore artuum 
cruciatus: v. foll. art. 

rheumatism: no precise equiv.: 
expr. by dolor artuum, Cic. Brut. 60, 


humerorum dolores: as ¢. ¢., * rheu- 


matismus. 
rheumy: 1, *rheumaticus, Plin. 
29, ad fin. Q, lippus: v. BLEAR-EYED: 


Transf.: a 7. (i. @. overripe) fig, 
1. ficus, Mart. 7, 20, 12. 

rhinoceros: rhindcéros, Otis, m.: 
Plin. 8, 20, 29: applied to a vessel made 
of r. horn, Juy. 7, 130: adj.: rhino- 
ceroticus, Sid. 

rhomboid: rhomboides, is, f. (rom- 
boides): Ps. Boéth. Geom. p. 376 (ed. 
Friedlein): expr. by simile scutulae, 
Censorin. Fragm. 7. 

rhombus: 1, rhombus, i, (rom- 
bos): Ps. Boéth.Geom. ib. Q, sciitiila 
(defined in Censorin. Fragm. 4, s., id est 
thombos): Tac. Agr. 10: Vitr. 

rhubarb: radix Pontica, Cels. 5, 23, 
3: rha (so named from the river), Amm. 
22, 8, 28: rheu barbarum, Isid. Orig. 
17, 9: perh. also rhecoma (rhacoma), 
Plin. 27, 12, 105: *rheum rhaponticum 
(Linn.). 

rhyme (subs.): no exact equiv., as 
Tr. was unknown to the Romans: the 
nearest word is perh. homoeotéleuton, i, 
N. (of.ocoTéAeuTov, having the same end- 
ing), which occurs in Mart. Cap. 5, 174, 
and as aGk. word in Quint. 9, 3, 78: 
*extremorum verborum sonitus similis 
(Kr.): the r. of a verse, *exitus versus 
ejusdem soni (Kr.): r.s, perh. clausulae 
versuum inter se consonantes, after 
Quint. 9, 3, 45 (R.and A.): a masculine 
r., * versus cujus ultimae syllabae cum 
accentu similiter cadunt (Kr.). In a 
looser sense, versus, tis: V. VERSE. 
Phr.: we have not been created without 
rT. or reason, non temere nec fortuito 
creati sumus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 118: to 
tag 7.s, perh. versum concludere, Hor. S. 
I, 4, 40; claudere, Pers. 1, 93. 

rhyme (v.): |. Zo accord in 
sound: perh. extremis, ultimis syllabis 
consonare; in eundem finem venire, 
Quint. 9, 3,77: tor. agreeably, jucunde 
consonare, id. 9, 3, 73- Il. Zo make 
rhymes: * versus in similes syllabarum 
sonos desinentes facere (Kr.): or perh., 
*versuum extrema (verba) pariter ter- 
minare, after Cic. Or. 12, 38. It]. Zo 
urite poetry: versus facere, scribere, 
Cic.: V. VERSE. 

rhymer: versificator (a@ mere verse 
maker, as opp. to a poet): Quint. ro, 
1, 89: Just. 

rhythm: 1, ntimérus (applied 
both to motion and sownd: both sing. 
and pl.): whatever admits the measure- 
ment of our hearing is called r., quid- 
quid sub aurium mensuram aliquam 
cadit, n. vocatur, Cic. Or. 20, 67: a dac- 
tylic r,, n. dactylicus, id. ib. 57, 191: 
to gesticulate regardless of r., extra nu- 
merum se movere, id. Parad. 3, 3, ad 





217: so, r. in the shoulders would be 








RICH 


2. modus (esp. in poetry 
or music: both sing. and pl.): mourn- 
ful rs, flebiles m., Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106. 
Join: numerus et m., id. de Or. 1, 33, 
151. 3. rhythmus: there is 7°. even in 
the movements of the body, r. etiam in 
corporis motu est, Quint. 9, 4, 50. 
(N.B.—Cic. only uses it as a Gk. word, 
but he employs the adj. rhythmicus of 
one who observes the laws of r., de Or. 
3, 49, 190: for this we find also modu- 
lator, Hor. S. 1, 3, 1305 V. MODULA- 
TION.) 
rhythmical: 1, niimérosus: r. 
language, n. oratio, Cic. Or, 67, 226; 
Ov. 2. mddiilatus (prop. a part.) : 
r. language, m. oratio, Gell. 13, 245 Ov. 
3, enrythmos (€vpv@u0s): Censorin. 
de Die Nat. 13, ad init. 4, rhyth- 
moides, is, (pv@nocrdns); Mart. Cap. g, 


p- 324. 

rhythmically; _1. numérose: to 
end r., Q. cadere, Cic. Brut. 8, 34. = 
modulate: Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22. Phr.: 
to close one’s periods r., claudere sen- 
tentias numeris, Cic. Or. 68, 229: to mea- 
sure r., modulari, id.: v. MODULATE, 

rib: |. A bone of the side: costa: 
the jive upper r.s, c. quinque superiores, 
Cels. 8, 1: to strip the hides off the r.s, 
tergora diripere costis, Virg. Aen. 1, 211. 
Phr.: oxen with, fine 7.8, bene costati 
(boves), Varr. R. R. 2, §, 8. Ik. 
Transf. (ofaship): 1], costa: Plin. 
13,9,19. Q, statimen, inis, n. : Caes. 
BCS sa II]. 4 raised line in 
cloth, etc,: nO exact word: Vv. RIDGE: It 
may be expr. by stria (prop. the hollow 
groove between two 7.8): a column with 
twenty r.s, columna viginti striis, Vitr. 
4, 3,9. As applied to plants, v. VEIN. 

Tibald; obscaenus: v. OBSCENEF. 

ribaldry : obscaenitas: v. OBSCENITY. 

riband, ribbon: 1, taenia (a 
broad band): having their temples 
bound with r.s, evincti tempora taeniis 
(dissyl.), Virg. Aen. 5,269. 2, taenidla 
(dimin. ot preced.): a r. of sea-weed, t. 
algae, Col. 11, 3, 23. 8, vitta (as dis- 
tinguished from the preced. it is long 
and hangs down ; hence longae taenia v., 
Virg. Aen. 7, 352: a@ fillet): a r. for 
the hair, crinalis v., id. Aen. 7, 4035 
Ov.: to tie up a garland with a r., 
coronam vitta colligare, Plin. 18, 2, 2. 

4, lemniscus (Anuvioxos: ar. which 

hung down behind a victor’s crown): 
chaplets and 7.s, coronae \.que, Liv. 33, 
Bae 5, infiila: v. FILLET: perh. this 
is the most suitable expr. for ar. asa 
badge of honour, cf. Sen. Ep. 14, 115 
Cie. Agr. 1, 2, 6: ther. of an imperial 
order, *i. imperialis, after Cod. Just. tit. 
37, ad fin. Phr.: tresses bound with 
ar., vittati capilli, Ov. Am. 1, 7,17: @ 
palm-branch wreathed with 7.s, palma 
lemniscata, Cic. Rose. Am. 35, 100. 

ribbed (part. and adj.): perh. best 
expr. by striatus (hollowed out into 
grooves): applied to r. shells, Pl. Rud. 
2, I, 93 to plants, Plin. 19, 8, 425 to 
pillars, Vitr. 4, 3, 9: cf. FLUTED: if of 
leaves, V. VEINED. 

rice: dryza: a decoction of 7., ptisa- 
narium oryzae, Hor. S. 2, 3, 155. 

rich: |. Wealthy, well stocked or 
provided: |, dives, itis (the most gen. 
term: no neut. pl. nom. or acc.: usually 
divite in abl. sing.: also in the form dis, 
neut. dite, gen. ditis, which 18 mostly 
poet. and does not occur in Cic.: the abl. 
is always diti: the comp. and superl. of 
both forms are in use: constr. poet. with 
the abl. or gen.): to becume r. after 
being very poor, ex pauperrimo d. fieri, 
Cic. Vatin. 12, 29: the r. families of the 
nobility, dites familiae nobilium, Tac. A. 
3,55: the poor are no sadder than the r., 
pauperes nihilo tristiores divitibus, Sen. 
Cons. ad Helv. 12, 1: 7. in lands, d. 
agris, Hor. S. 1, 2, 13: 7. im horses, 
d. equfim, Virg. Aen. 9, 26. 2. per- 
dives, itis (very 7.) : Cic. Verr. 4, 26, 59. 

3, praedives, itis (very r.): Liv. 45, 

40; Ov. 4, lociiples, étis (well off ; 
constr. with a@bl.): very r. cities, locu- 
pletissimae urbes, Caes. B. C. 3, 31: - 
with spoul, praeda 1,, Sall. Jug. 84° the 


Ss 





RICH 


is richer than the Greek, 
Latina lingua locupletior est quam 
Graeca, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10. Join: co- 
piosus et L, id. Div. in Cuecil. 17. 555 
L et refertus (applied to things), id. de 
Or. 1, 35, 161. 5, Spiilentus, or less 
freq. opulens, ntis (having plentiful re- 
sources ; constr. with abl. or gen.): a r. 
and well-stocked town, oppidum plenum 
et o., Caes. B.C. 3, 80: very Tr. mines, 
opulentissima metalla, Sen. Ep. 23, 4: 
@ province r. in money, provincia pe- 
cuniae o., Tac. H. 2, 6: Cic. 6. co- 
pidsus (having un abundance: used of 
both persons and things: the form cOpis 
occurs in Pl.: constr. with abl., with or 
without ab, or abs.): a r. city, c. urbs, 
Cic. Arch. 3, 4: ar. patrimony, c. patri- 
monium, id. Rose. Am. 2, 6: 7, in corn, 
c. a fruimento, id. Att. 5, 18, ad med. 
Join: c. et dives, id. Par. 6, ad fin. 

7. péciinidsus (moneyed): a very r. 
man, homo pecuniosissimus, Cic. Verr. 
5,9, 24: ar., purse-proud fellow, osten- 
tator p., Auct. Her. 4, 50 (al. pecuniae). 
Join: locuples et p., Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 
44. 8, namatus (nummatus: syn, of 
preced.: usually with bene): a man 
not less r., homo non minus bene n., Cic. 
Agr. 2, 22,59: Hor. 9Q, beatus (prop. 
happy ; in good circumstances): a man 
not over r., homo non beatissimus, Nep. 
Ages. 8, 2: r. treasures, b. gazae, Hor. 
Od. 1, 29, 2. Join: opulentus et b., 
Cic. N. D. 3, 33, 81. 10, fortinatus 
(syn. of preced.): r. and influential, f. 
et potens, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69: r. and 
splendid Athens, Athenae f. atque opi- 
a Pl. Pers. 4, 4, 1. 11, lautus, 








splendid) : a r. state, civitas 1., Cic. Fam. 
13, 32. oin: 1. et copiosum, id. Rab. 
Post. 14, 38. 12. satur, ira, trum 


(very rare): a r. farmer, 8. colonus, 
Daa, 523. 13, abundans, ntis 
(abounding in wealth): the furniture 
not of a luxurious but yet of ar. man, 
supellex non luxuriosi hominis sed 
tamen abundantis, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66: 
Vv. ABUNDANT, AFFLUENT. Phr.: ar. 
man, vir magnis opibus praeditus, Cic. 
Clu. §5, 153: Curt.: opibus et copiis 
affluens, Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 82: richer, 
pecuniis superior, id. Rep. 2, 34: @ very 
r. nation, gens divitiis praepollens, Liv. 
1, 57, ad init. : to be richer than Crassus 
(prov.), superare Crassum divitiis, id. 
Att. 1, 4, extr.: a 7. man, Croesus (opp. 
to Irus = a poor man), Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 42- 

I. Costly, sumptuous: 1, dives, 
itis (see above): the 7. bough, d. ramus, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 195: 7. banquets, dites 
epulae, Stat. ‘(h. 5, 187. Join: opu- 
lenta et ditia, Liv. 21, 43. 2, bpia- 
lentus, and less freq. Spiilens, ntis: ar. 
palace, o. regia, Catul. 64, 43: very r. 
offerings, opulentissima dona, Suet. Aug. 
30. 8. dpimus: a r. and excellent 
spoil, o. et praeclara praeda, Cic. Rosc. 
Am. 3, 8: a r. reward, o. merces, Liv. 
21, 43: 1. feasts, o. dapes, Virg. Aen. 
3, 224. 4, prétidsus: v. COSTLY, 
SPLENDID. Phr.: take away ther. vrna- 
ments, demite divitias, Ov. F. 4, 136. 

lil. Fertile, luxuriant, excellent of 
its kind: 1, dives, itis (see above: 
less freq. in this sense than the foll.): 
ar. field, d. ager, Virg. Aen. 7, 262. 
Fig.: thence arose the freer and richer 
dithyramb, inde ille licentior et divitior 
fluxit dithyrambus, Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 
185: richer in good examples, bonis 
exemplis ditior, Liv. praef. ad fin.: 
without a r, vein (of talent), sine divite 
vena, Hor. A. P. 409. . uber, Gris 
(teeming, plentiful): a 7. harvest, u. 
messis, Pl. Rud. 3, 2, 23: @ 7. soil, 
u.solum, Tac. H. 5,6. Fig.: no richer 
topic, nullus uberior locus, Cic. Off. 3, 2, 
5: a richer crop of orators, uberior ora- 
torum fetus, id. Brut. 49, 182. 3. 
Spimus: a 7. and fertile region, regio 
0. et fertilis, Cic. Manil. 6, 14: to look 
down upon a r. landscape, *regionem 
opimam oculis subjectam videre (after 
Liv. 25, 24). 4, dSpiilentus (rare): 
surveying the r. fields, contemplatus 0. 
arva, Liv. 9, 36,ad fin. §, férax, acis 
(fruitful): very r. districts, feracissimi 








RICHLY 


RIDE 





agri, Caes, B. G. 2, 4: Cic. Fig. no 
period was richer in instances of virtue 
than that, illa aetate nulla feracior vir- 
tutum fuit, Liv. 16: Vv. FERTILE. 
6, cOpidsus (abundant ; applied to 

style): ar. and varied discourse, multa 
et varia et c. oratio, Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 
214. 7. pinguis (fat, thichk): r. ma- 
nure, p. fimus, Virg. G. I, 80: r. wine, 
p. merum, Hor. 8. 2, 4, 65: @ battle-field 
r. with blood, sanguine p. campus, id. 
Od. 2, 1,29: a7. table, p. mensa, Catul. 
62, 3: Col.: v. FAT. §, unctus (prop. 
anointed; hence r., highly flavoured) : 
when any daintier or richer morsel is 
to be had, ubi quid melius contingit et 
unctius, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 44: ar. feast, 
unctum (subs.), id. A. P. 422: Fig.: 7. 
patrimonies, u. patrimonia, Catul. 29, 
23: a richer and more brilliant style 
of eloquence, unctior splendidiorque con- 
suetudo loquendi, Cic. Brut. 20, 78. 9. 
satur, tira, tirum (full, deep: esp. of 
colour: the comp. saturatior is used by 
Plin. 21, 8, 22): a 7. colour, s. color, 
Plin. 37, 10, 61: r. Tarentum, s. Taren- 
tum, Virg.G. 2,197. Fig.: todeliverr. 
passages meagrely, satura jejune dicere, 
Cic. Or. 36, 123. Phr.: to play ar. 
practical joke, facinus facere lepidum 
et festivum, PL Poen. 1, 2, 95: 7. har- 
mony, perh. *perfectus sonorum con- 
centus. 

rich, to become: 1. ditesco, 3 
(poet.): Hor. S. 2, 5,10. 2, dpiilesco, 
3 (very rare) poét. apud Gell. 18, 11, 
extr. 3, expr. by locupletari, divitem 
fieri, Cic. Phr.: the poor grow r., 
egentes abundant, Cic. Am. 7, 23. 
to make: dito, 1: v. ENRICH. 

riches: ], divitiae, arum (no 
sing.: the most usual word): 7. are 
sought after in order to enjoy pleasure, 
expetuntur d. ad perfruendas voluptates, 
Cic. Off. 1, 8, 25: to heap up r., d. in 
altum exstruere, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 19: con- 
gerere, Tib. 1, 1, 1. Fig.: who can 
doubt that there are r. in virtue? quis 
dubitet quin in virtute d. sint ? Cic. Par. 
6, 2, ad fin.: the r. and graces of his 
talents, d. atque ornamenta ejus ingenii, 
id. de Or. 1, 35, 161. 2. Spes, um, 
Ff. pl. (property, resources : very rare in 
sing. as in Virg. Aen. 8, 685: both lit. 
and fig.): poor amidst great r., magnas 





| inter opes inops, Hor. Od. 3, 16, 28: 
| abounding in r. and wealth, opibus et 
| copiis affluens, Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 82. 

fortina (gen. in pl.: 7. as one’s lot or | 


inheritance) : to enjoy one’s r., fortunis 
frui, Cic. Fam. 6, 2,2; Hor.: to increase 
in favour and r., gratia fortunaque cre- 
scere, Nep. Att. 21, I. 4, facuitates, 
um, f. pl. (goods, property, means) : lest 
our generosity exceed our r., ne major 


benignitas sit quam f., Cic. Off. 1, 14, 42. | 


5, copia (plenty: usu. in pl.): in 
the midst of r. old age is wearisome, 
senectus in summa c. gravis, Cic. Sen. 
3, 8: Vv. ABUNDANCE. 6. Spulentia : 
Vv. OPULENCE. 7. péciinia (money, 
capital) : to accumulate r., p. facere, Cic. 
Div. 1, 49, 111: those things constitute 
their r., ea illis p. est, Liv. 29, 31. 8 
gaza (prop. the royal treasure; a 
sian word): the r. of a king, g. regia, 
Cic. Manil. 23, 66: Hor.: Virg. 

richly: |. Plentifully : bénigne, 
libéraliter: v. BOUNTIFULLY, LIBERALLY. 

I]. Sumptuously : 1, dpilente : 
to celebrate the games more r., opulen- 
tius ludos facere, Liv. 1, 35, ad jin. 

Q. dpipare: a banquet r. furnished, 
o. paratum convivium, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58. 
Join: opime atque o., PL Bac. 3, 1, 6. 

3. ditius (no posit.; superl. in 
App.): Stat. S.1, 5,31. 4, prétidse: 
vases r. chased, vasa p. coelata, Cic. Inv. 
2, 40, 116: to be entombed more r., 
prétiosius sepeliri, Cart. “40, /1,) 32:49 
SUMPTUOUSLY, MAGNIFICENTLY. Ill. 
Luzuriantly: wbérius (no postt.; su- 
perl. in Pl.): the crop grows more 7, U. 
provenit seges, Ov. Pont. 4, 2, 12: v. 
LUXURIANTLY, ABUNDANTLY, Phr.: @ 
r.-wooded land, silvae ditissima terra, 
Virg.G. 2,136. |V. Expr. by various 
phr.: garments r. a with purple, 

2 


Per- | 





vestes ostro saturae, Sen. Thyest. 9553 
Ov.: to enjoy a r. earned reputation, 
fama meritissima frui, Plin. Ep. 5, 15. 

richness: |. Luzuiiance, fulness: 

], tbertas. the r.of its jields, u. 
agrorum, Cic. Manil. 6, 14: excessive r, 
admodum nimia u., Col. 4, 21,2: Fig.: 
to admire his r. and eloquence, u. et 
copiam ejus admirari, Cic. Brut. 11, 44: 
V. ABUNDANCE, FERTILITY, 2, pingule 
tiido ( fatness) : the r. of the soil, p. ter- 
rae, Col. 2, 2,18: Vv. FATNESS. 3, sati- 
Titas (applied to colours) : Plin. 9, 39, 64. 
4, Of fod, perb. lautitia, cf. Pete 

32, 1. |. Splendor: vy. sPLENDoUR, 
COSTLINESS. 

rick: méta: to make hay-r.s, fenum 
exstruere in metas, Col. 2, 19, 2. 

rickets : *rhachitis: cyrténdsis (Kr.). 

rickety: |. Afflicted with rickets : 
*rhachitide laborans. |], instabilis : 
Vv. SHAKY. 

ricochet (subs. and v.): the idea 
may be expr. after Min. Fel. Oct. 3, 
ad fin., where he describes the game of 
ducks and drakes at the sea-side: tes- 
tam inclinem atque humilem (quantum 
potest) super undas irrotare; ut.... 
summis fluctibus tonsis emicaret, dum 
adsiduo saltu sublevatur, 

rid: libéro, 1: v. FREE, RELEASE. 

— to get (of): 1. exus, ui, 
utum, 3 (to strip off ): to get r. of old- 
Jashioed customs, mores antiquos e., 
Liv. 27, 8, ad init.: I cannot get r. of 
the idea that there are gods, mili quidem 
ex animo exui non potest esse deus, Cic. 
Bib EREH YA 92. dépodno, pdsui, po- 
situm, 3 (to lay aside): to get r. ef cares 
and sorrows, a. curas doloresque, Cic. 
Fam. 4, 6, 2: to get r. of a great part of 
the disease, magnam morbi d. partem, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 35: V. RESIGN. 3, Gluo, 
ui, titum, 3 (to wash out): we must get 
r. of such friendships, tales amicitiae 
| sunt eluendae, Cic. Am. 21, 76: to get r. 
of the pangs of anxiety, amara curarum 
e., Hor. Od. 4, 12, 20: Pl. 4, améolior, 
4 (to get r. of with some Wifliculty) =: to 
get r. of the young man under pretence 
of conferring an honour on him, a. ju- 
venem specie honoris, Tac. A. 2, 42: v. 
REMOVE. 5, dimitto, misi, missum, 3 
(to send away): to get r. of one’s cre- 
ditors, d. creditores, Plin. Ep. 2,4: to get 
r. of friendships, da. amicitias, Cic. Am. 
21, 76. 

riddance: libératio: v. 
ANCE, RELIEF. 

riddle (subs.): |. An enigma: 

], aenigma, atis, 7. (atveypa = Cic. Att. 
6,7, uses the Gk. phr. év aiveypois) : 
to spealc r.s, a. loqui, Plin. Ep. 7, 13: 
the dark imagery and rs of dreams, 
obscuritates et a. somnivrum, Cic. Div. 
2, 64. 132: the vs of the law, a. jurum, 
Juv. 8, 50. 2. scirpus: (acc. to Gell 
12,6, atrans. ofthe preced.). §, griphus 
| (yptdhos): to solve r.s, g. dissolvere, Gell. 
Leh 2ae 4, expr. sometimes by am- 
| bages, um, f. pl. (with abl. sing. ambage ; 
an obscure, dark saying): the rs of an 
| obscure oracle, obscurae sortis a. Ov. F. 
4,261: in r.s, per ambages, Liv. 1, 56: 
Tac. Phr.: to utter r.s, obscura canere 
| Hor. S. 2, 5, 58. {J. cribrum: v. 
SIEVE. 

riddle (v.): ‘|, 7» speak enigma- 
tically: expr. by aenigmata loqui, v 
preced. art. |]. To sift: cerno, crévi, 
crétum, 3: V. SIFT. Il]. 70 pierce 
full of holes: nearest word, confddio, 
‘fodi, fossum, 3: to be r.d with wounds, 
confodi vulneribus, Liv. 24, 7: rd by 
so many judicial sentences, tot judiciis 
confossus, id. 5,113 PL Phr: rd 
with wounds, plenus vulnerum, Liv. 5, 
11: a criminal v.d like a sieve by the 
hangmen, carnificium cribrum, Pl. Most. 
I, I, 52. 

riddling ( part.and adj.) : r. speeches, 
sermones perplexi, Liv. 40, 5: rT. words, 
verba caecis obscura latebris, Ov. M. 1, 


DELIV ER- 











388. 
ride (v.): , JOSE s) ARS 
Squito, 1 (used act. in late authors): to 
|r. amongst our army, e. in exercitu 
| nostro, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28: to r.on a long 
| 689 


RIDE 








reed, e.in arundine longa, Hor. S. 2, 3, 
248: the south-east wind rode over the 
Sicilian main, eurus per Siculas equi- 
tavit undas, id. Od. 4, 4,44. 2, véhor, 
vectus sum, 3 (used as a dep.: to be 
carried on a beast, or in a vehicle): 
the horse on which I was r.ing, equus 
in quo ego vehebar, Cic. Div. 2, 68, 140: 
to r. full speed towards the foe, equo 
concitato ad hostem v., Nep. Dat. 4, 5: 
ring in a four-horse chariot, quadri- 
jugis vehens, Cic. Brut. 97, 331: to 7. in 
@ one-horse vehicle, uno equo vehi, Liv. 
28,9: tor.on a fish's back, pisce v., Ov. 
Msn 25.03. 3. vector, 1 (prop. freq. of 
preced.: rare): to r. on the shoulders of 
one’s foes, v. humeris inimicis, Hor. 
Epod. 17,74: Ov. 4, gestor, I (esp. 
of exercise taken for health or pleasure) : 
to r. in a two-horse chariot, g. bijugis 
equis, Mart. 1, 2, 8: Sen.: Suet. 

5, sédeo, sédi, sessum, 2 (f0 sit: in 
late authors also pass., to be ridden) : to 
r. on @ horse, 8. equo, Mart. 5, 3& 4, 
Spart. Phr.: (i.) tor., ire equis, Liv. 
I, 14: in equis, Ov. A. A. 1, 214: super 
equos, Just. 41, 3: incedere equo, id. 
ib.: to r. in a chariot, ire curru, Liv. 
28, g: he rode rapidly in gigs a dis- 
tance of 56 miles, LvI millia passuum 
cisiis pervolavit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 19: 
the boy does not know how to ride, nescit 
puer equo haerere, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 54: 
Cic.: one who r.s in @ vehicle, gestator, 
Mart. 4, 64, 19. (ii.) to r. at anchor, in 
ancoris consistere, Caes. B. C. 3, 28: to 
rv. upon the main, v. SAIL. (iii.) bed- 
ridden, \ecto affixus, Hor. Sat. 1, 1, 81: 
Sen.: priest-ridden, *sacerdotibus nimis 
deditus, after Cic. Brut. 62, 223. Il. 
Trans. : only found in certain phr., as, 
to r.a horse, equo vehi, v. preced., and 
EXERCISE, DRIVE: to Tr. @ race, perh. 
*equis certamen inire, after Tac, A. 
It, It. 

ride across, over, past: trans- 
véhor, vectus, 3 (esp. at reviews): the 
knights r. past, equites transvehuntur, 
Liv. 9, 46, evtr.: Tac. Phr.: plains 
across which cavalry cannot r., campi 
inequitabiles, Curt. 8, 14, 4 (opp. to pla- 
nities equitabilis, id. 4, 9, 10). 

— along, past: 1, praeter- 
véhor, vectus, 3: to ». past on horseback, 
p. equo, Liv. 22, 49: Cic. 2. praetér- 
€quito, t (only once, in part.): Liv. 
3, 6r. 

—— hack: révéhor, vectus, 3: having 
ridden back hastily to the city, equo 
citato in urbem revectus, Liv. 7, 41. 

—— between: intéréquito, 1 (con- 
str. with acc. or abs.): to r. between the 
ranks, i. ordines, Liv. 6, 7. 

— down: proculco, i: v. TRAMPLE 
DOWN. 


— off, out: 1. avéhor, vectus, 3 
(to r.away) : to r. away from one’s own 
men, a. ab suis, Liv. 9, 27: Virg. 9. 
évéhor, ctus, 3 (to r. forth from): tor. 
off on a horse without bit or bridle, e. 
effreno equo, Liv. 4. 33. Phr.: to r. 
out a gale, perh. expr. by navem tenere 
in ancoris, Nep. Them. 8, 7. 

— round: 1, circumvéhor, 
vectus, 3: he orders the muleteers to r. 
round the hills, muliones collibus c., 
jubet, Caes. B. G. 4, 45: Liv. 9. 
circumvector, 1: (freq. of preced.): to 
r. round the towns, oppida c., Pl. Rud. 
4; 2,28: 3, circuméquite, 1: to r. 
round the walls, moenia c., Liv. 10, 34. 
Phr. : to r. in hot haste round the ranks, 
ordines circumvolare, Vell. 2, 27, 2- 

— through, uv and down: 
péréquito, 1: to 7. through the sea ona 
dolphin’s back, p. maria (delphino), Plin. 
2: 8, 8: to r. (thiough) between the two 
lines of battle, inter duas acies p., Caes. 
B. C. 1, 46: tor. up and down the lines, 
p. aciem, Liv. 5, 28. Phr.: tor. at 
full speed up and down the Flaminian 
road, pervolare Flaminiam, Juv. 1, 60, 











RIDICULOUS 


RIGHT 





ride to; pervéhor, vectus, 3 (in Cic. to 
sail to): to r, to the town, p. usque ad 
oppidum, Enn, in Varr. L. L. 5, 32, 
§ 153. 

—— up to, towards: 1, adé- 
quito, 1 (constr. with acc. of motion, or 
after ad or in): to r. up to our men, 
a. ad nostros, Caes. B. G. 1, 46. (N.B.— 
In Suet. Cal. 25, a. juxta is fo r. beside.) 

Q. advéhor, vectus, 3: r.ing up to the 
bank of the river, equo advectus ad 
ripam fluminis, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58. 

ride (subs.): expr. by the vb. mostly : 


thus to take a r.=to ride: see also 
RIDING. 

rider: |. One who rides. it 
éques, itis, m.: Phaedr. 4, 4, 5: Liv.: 


Vv. HORSEMAN. 9. rector (one who 
guides an animal): horses without their 
r.s, sine rectoribus equi, Tac. Agr. 36, 
ad jin.: Liv. 3. vector (one who 
is carried): the r. manages the horse, 
v. equum regit, Ov. A. A. 3, 555: Prop. 
4, sessor (one who is seated): not 
to endure a r., s. recusare, Sen. Const. 
12,3: Suet. |], An additional clause : 
adjectio, Quint. 6, 3, 71: V. ADDITION. 
riderless: sine rectore, rectoribus ; 
v. preced. art. 
ridge: no exact gen. equiv.: the 
nearest expr. are :— 1. stipercilium 
(brow, projecting r.): a lofty r., s. quod- 
dam excelsum, Auct. B. Afr. 58: to stand 
at the bottom of the r., infimo s. stare, 
Liv. 27, 18: Virg.: v. BROW. 2, expr. 
by dorsum (baci) or jigum: v. CHAIN 
(of mountains): he sends one legion by 


the same r., legionem unam eodem jugo | 


mittit, Caes. B. G. 7, 45: a city Lying 
along the r. of a hill, urbs porrecta in 
dorso montis, Liv. 1, 3 : sometimes both 
words are connected: the unbroken 7.s 
of the mountain chain, jugum quod 
montes inter se perpetuo dorso jungit, 
Liv. 41, 18: the top of the 7. was almost 


level, dorsum ejus jugi prope aequum | 


erat, Caes. B. G. 7, 44 3, A r. be- 
tween two furrows is called lira, or 
porca, Col. 2, 4,6: also scamnum, ib. 2, 
2, 25: Plin. Phr.: the collateral r.s 
(of a mountain), brachia, Plin. 5, 27, 27: 
the r.s of the Alps, culmina Alpium, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 2. 

ridicule (svbs.) : 1, ridicilum 
(prop. the neut. of the adj.): the force 
of r., vis ridiculi, Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 237: 
r. decides matters better than bitterness, 
r. acri melius secat res, Hor. S. 1, 10, 14: 
Quint. 6, 3, 22. 9. déridicilum: in 
Tapered. .Lac: Am O.12> 3. Expr. 
sometimes by risus, is (laughter): to 
turn unpleasant topics into 7., odiosas 
res joco risuque dissolvere, Cic, de Or. 2, 
58, 236: (cf. Quint. 6, 3, pass.) : an object 
of r. may be expr. by ridendus, Hor. 
Ep. 1, I, 9. 

ridicule (v.): 1, irrideo, risi, 
risum, 2: to r. the gods in jest, per jocum 


deos i., Cic. N. D. 2, 3,7: to r. bitterly, | 


acerbis facetiis i, Tac. A. 5,2: all rd 
him when he began to speale, omnes cum 
loqui coeperit irriderent, Cic. Verr. 4, 
66, 148: V. LAUGH AT, DERIDE. 
illido, si, sum, 3 (constr. with acc. ; 
more rarely dat., in with acc., or abl.): 
to r. his tones when he sang, i. voces 


quum caneret, Tac. A. 14, 52: to r. the; 


unfortunate, i. miseros, Cic. de Or. 2, 
58, 237. 3. ltido, si, sum, 3 (rare: 
less strong than the preced.): to r. any 
one sportively, jocose aliquem L., Cic. Q. 
Fr. 2,12 (11), 2: V. BANTER. 4, liidi- 
ficor, 1: v. MOCK. 

ridiculous: 1, ridiciilus (prop. 
laughable, which is its usual sense): if 
is r. to suppose, r. est putare, Cic. Div. 
in Caecil. 18, 59: @ r. poem, r poéma, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 228: poverty makes men 
r., paupertas r. homines facit, Juv. 3, 
153: Quint. 2, perridictilus (very 
r.): a very r. system, p. doctrina, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 19, 77- 3. déridiciilus: the ac- 
cusation is r., crimen est d., Liv. 39, 
26. 4. sitibabsurdus (acc. to Quint. 
6, 3, 23, a Cic. word): Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 
274: v. ABSURD. (N.B.—Though the 
adj. subridiculus does not occur, the 
adv. does.) 


2. | 





ridiculously: 1, ridiciile: Cic, 
err. 4, 66, 148: Vv. ABSURDLY. 2. 
perridictile Cic. Verr. 2, 6, 18. 3; 
subridiciile: Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249. 4, 


sibabsurde : Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 275. 
ridiculousness: déridiculum: con- 
temptible on account of the r. of his per- 
sonal appearance, corporis deridiculo 
despiciendus, Tac. A. 12, 49. 
riding: |. The act of riding. 
1. équitatio: r. is very beneficial, 
e. est utilissima, Plin. 28, 4, 14. a 
équitatus, is: to chafe the thighs by r., 
femora equitatu atterere, id. 28, 15, 61, 
ad fin. 3. vectatio (the uct of being 
carried): r. on horseback after a meal, 
v. equi post cibum, Suet. Cal. 3: Sen. 
4. vectio (very rare): to render r. 
on quadrupeds possible, vectiones qua- 
drupedum efficere, Cic, N. 1). 2, 60, 151. 

5, gestatio (r. in a vehicle for health, 
pleasure, etc.): to come in from r., &@ 
gestatione venire, Sen. Ep. 55, I. 6. 
transvectio, (a r. past at reviews): the 
custom of r. past, mcs transvectionis, 
Suet. Aug. 38. 7, Expr. sometimes 
by cursus, Us (a running): this custom 
of v., hic mos cursus, Virg. Aen. 5, 596: 
or by the vbs.: 2 zs called r., gestari 
dicitur, Sen. Ep. 122, 15: to teach r., 
equo docere (sc. uti), Liv. 2g, 1, ad med. : 
r. is popular among them, equitandi 
laus apud eos viget, Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62. 

Il. The third part of a county: 
* pars tertia comitatus. 

— -coat: paentila (a travelling 
cloak), Cic. Mil. 20, 54: dressed in a 
r., paenulatus, id. ib, 
-school: no exact equiv.: perh. 
*hippodrémos, i, m.: cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 6. 

rife: fréquens, ntis: v. COMMON, PRE- 
VALENT. 





rifle (v.): |, compilo, 1: v. PLUN- 
DER. I To hollow out in grooves: 
strio, 1: Plin.: Vitr.: v. GROOVE. 


difle (subs.): *sclopetum striatam 
cr.). 


rifleman;: *miles sclopeto striato 
armatus. 

rift: rima (@ chink) ; Cic.: Hor.: v. 
CRACK, CLEFT. 

rig (v.): applied to ships, armo, t: 
to r. ships, a. naves, Caes. B. G. 5, I: 
sometimes also ornare, Liv. 40, 26: 
Caes.: or aptare armamentis (navem), 
Ov. M. 11, 456: naves aptare, Suet. Tib. 
65: Virg.: v. EQUIP, FIT OUT. 

rigging (swbs.): armamenta, n. pl.: 
Vv. TACKLING: or iN a narrower sense, 
fines, m.: V. ROPES. 

right (adj.) : |. Straight: rectus, 
Cic.: a r. angle, r. angulus, Censorin. 
Fragm. 6, 3: v. STRAIGHT. Phr.: at r. 
angles, ad pares angulos, Cic. Tusce. 1, 17, 
40° a wall at r. angles to another, paries 
directus, id. Top. 4, 22: to lead astray 
from the r. path, (viros) transversos 
agere, Sall.J.6. |], Opposite to the left: 
dexter, téra, térum, or more freq. tra, 
trum (the comp. and superl. do not dif- 
fer in meaning from the posit.): the r. 
hand, d. manus, Cic, Div. 1, 23, 46: also 
dextra (swbs., manus being understood): 
on the r. hand, dextra, Caes. B. C. 2, 15: 
they live on the r. side of that river, 
dextra ejus fluminis accolunt, Plin. 6, 
23, 26, §99: also expr. by ab dextra, 
Cic. Div. 1,7, 12: ad dextram, Caes. B.C. 
1, 69 (Pl. bas the longer form in these 
phr.): towards the . hand, dextrorsum, 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 50: -us, Liv. 6, 31 (advs.): 
the 7. wing, dexterius cornu, Galba in 
Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3: amongst those on 
the r., apud dextimos, Sall. J. 100. 
Phr.: he is Antony’s r.-hand man, 
Antonii est dextella (dimin. used con- 
temptuonsly), Cic. Att. 14, 20, ad fin. 

Ill. Correct, true, proper. iB 

rectus: to discriminate betiveen what is 
Tr. and wrong, vr. et prava dijudicare, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195: tt ts r. and 
proper, r. est et verum, id. Tusc. 3, 29, 
"3: 7. counsels, r. consilia, Liv. 1, 27, ad 
wnit. 2. vérus (resonable, just): it 
is r. that every man should measure 
himself by his own standard, v. est 
metiri se quemque suo modulo ac pede, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 98: Caes. B.G. 4,8: Liv. 


. 


RIGHT, RIGHTLY 


RILL 


RING 





Join: v. ac rectus, Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34: 
rectus et v., id. (v. supr’.). 3, justus 
r.and merited punishment, supplicia j. 
debitaque, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20: without its 
r. weight (of ballast), justo sine pondere, 
Ov. M. 2, 163: to ask more than is r., 
ulterius justo r., id. ib. 6, 470: v. DUE. 
4, aequus (fair: esp. freq. with 
bonus): which wt is r. for a young 
lad to know, quae a. est scire adole- 
scentem, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25: tt is 7. 
and proper that it should be restored, 
Testitui a. est et bonum, id. Ph. 2, 
11: Cic. Brut. 38, 143: v. FAIR. 
idOneus: v. FIT, PROPER. 6, expr. 
sometimes by fas (indecl. n.: what is 
permitted by God or our conscience): 
as far as might be r., quoad f. esset, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19: they do not think it 
r. to eat hares, leporem gustare f. non 
utant, Caes. B. G. 5, 12: Vv. LAWFUL. 
hr.: at the r. time, ad tempus, Cic. : 
Vv. TIME: as was r., ut par fuit, Ter. Ph. 
I, 3,3: tt is r. to deal thus, sic par est 
agere, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 83: ‘r.” he cries, 
“ita,” inquit, Cic. Sull. 1, 3: you are r., 
(ita) est ut dicis, id. Rep. 1, 40: Caecin. 
13, 37: et recte quidem, id. Tusc. 1, 
8, 15: sunt ista, id. Am. 2, 6: probe 
dicis, id. Tusc. 2, 11, 26: tf J amr., 
nisi fallor, Virg. Aen. 5, 49: Hor.: in 
the r. place, loco (in loco), ic. Fam. 9, 
16, 4: to be on the r. side, perh. *esse 
in tuto (cf. id. Fam. 12, 2, 3): or bene 
esse (with dat. of pers.), Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 89: 
all r., bene habet, Cic. Mur. 6, 14: if in 
an answer, intelligo, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 93: 
“all r., father” — I hope so,” “recte, 
pater ’"—“ ita volo,” Pl. Merc. 2, 3, 33: 
r. in one’s mind, mentis potens, Ov. Tr. 
2, 139: to hit the r. nail on the head, 
Tem acu tangere (prov.), Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 
19: the r. and wrong side of cloth, 
*latus superius et aversum panni (Kr.). 
right, rightly (adv.): |. Straight: 
Tecte: V.STRAIGHT. |], Quite, precisely: 
most freq. expr. by the pron. ipse : supra 
ipsum balneum habito, J live r. over the 


baths, Sen. Ep. 56, 1: v. EXACTLY. 
I]. Correctly, properly. 1, recte: 


r. or wrongly, seu r. seu perperam, Cic. 
Quint. 8, 31: to judge very r., rectissime 
judicare, id. Rep. 3, 32: to do anything 
rT. and properly, r. atque ordine facere, 
id. Quint. 7, 28. 9. rité: we shall r. 
term him a god, hunc r. deum dixerimus, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52: Virg.: v. DULY. 

8. vére: v. TRULY. 4, juste: 
to estimate r., j. aestimare, Curt. 10, 5, 
26: Hor.: Cic.: v. JUSTLY. 5, probe 
(excellently): you hare acted r. about 
the aqueduct, de aquaeductu p. fecisti, 
Cic. Att. 13, 6, unit. 6. béné: you 
have acted very r., plane b. fecisti, 
id. ib. 7. Expr. sometimes by jure, 
merito: v. DESERVEDLY: it serves us T., 
jure plectimur, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28. IV. 
Very: expr. by superl.: r. reverend, 
Reverendissimus, Cod. Theod. 1, 55, 8: 


vV. VERY. 
right (subs.): |. The r. hand: 
expr. by dexter, v. RIGHT (adj.), No. II.: 
the wheel, swerving too much to the r., 
dexterior rota, Ov. M. 2, 138. Il. 
The opposite of wrong (morally) : most 
nearly expr. by fas (indecl. n.: that 
which is sanctioned by God or our con- 
science): r. and wrong, f. atque nefas, 
Hor. Od. 1, 18, 10: to violate all r., fas 
omne abrumpere, Virg. Aen. 3, 55: 
Caes.: Cic. Also by the neut.of certain 
adjs. used absol.: moral and legal r., 
justum ac jus, Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11: a man 
that loves the r., vir amans aequi, Ov. 
M. 1, 322: (cf. Quint. 12, 2, 5, cuncta 
quae de aequo, justo, vero, bono di- 
cantur). |||, A natural or legal claim: 
1, jus, juris, m. (in most senses of the 
Eng.): everybody has the r. of building 
a wall at r. angles to the party-wall, 
omnibus est j. parietem directum ad 
parietem communem adjungere, Cic. 
Top. 4, 22: a public r., j. publicum, 
Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 65: the r. of quarrying 
and cutting timber, j. saxi materiaeque 
caedendae, Liv. 5, 55: to maintain one’s 
rs, j. suum obtinere, Cic. Verr. Act. 2, 
I, 26, 65: tenere, id. Rep. 1, 32: to 





waive one’s r,s, decedere jure suo, 
Liv. 3, 33, extr.: to admit to equal 7.8, 
in parem juris conditionem recipere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 28 all have equal r.s, 
aequata sunt jura omnium, Cic. Rep. 1, 
32: Liv. 2. potestas: the rs of a 


Sather over his offspring, patria p. (t.t.), 


Just. Inst. 1, 9, tit.: v. POWER. Join: 
jus p. que, Cic. Phil. 11,12, 30. 3, justa, 
n. pl. (rather rare): to grant slaves 
their 7r.s, j. servis praebere, Cic. Off. 1, 
13, 41: V. PRIVILEGE. Phir. : this is my 
special r., hoc mibi peculiare est, id. 
Q. Fr. 2, 8 (10), 3. 

right (v.): ]. Trans.: perb. 
reslituo, ui, itum (to set up again, asa 
statue, etc.), Cic.: Suet.: v. SET UP 


AGAIN. . Intrans.:  restituere 
se; or perh. erigere se (of persons), Caes. 
B. G. 6, 27. 


righteous: no single equiv.: the 
word justus is used by eccl. writers to 
translate the Sixacos of the N. T.: the 
idea may perh. be best expr. by two 
adjs.: @ rT. man, rectus et sanctus vir, 
Plin. Ep. 2, 11: sanctus et religiosus, 
Cic. Rose. Com. 15, 44: sanctus et dili- 
gens, id. Verr. 5, 19, 49: justus et bonus, 
id. Off. 2, 12, 42: over-r., nimis sancte 
pius, Pl. Rud. 4, 7, 8. 

righteously : Vv. preced. art. 

righteousness: perh. pietas et 
sanctitas, Cic. Off. 2, 3, 11: V. RIGHTEOUS. 

rightful : 1, justus: most r. au- 
thority, Jjustissimum imperium, Caes, 
B. G. 1, 45: a7. wife, justa uxor, Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 35,85: v.gusT. Q, légitimus: 
the r. heir, 1. haeres, Just. Inst. 3, 1, 13: 
Vv. LAWFUL. 

rightfully : juste: v. sUSTLY, LAW- 
FULLY: Join: j. et legitime, Cic. Off. 
I, 4, I}. 

rightfulness: v. LAWFULNESS. 

right-minded: sanus (sound in 
mind and judgment): the disturbance 
threw r. people into a state of conster- 
nation, tumultus consternabat sanos 
animos, Liv. 8, 27: Cic.: Hor. 

rigid: 1, rigidus: Lit.: limbs r. 
in death, r. artus, Lucr. 6, 1194: V. 
sTIFF. Fig.: a@ r. censor, r. censor, 
Ov. A. A. 2,664: Hor. Q, censorius: 
r. gravity, c. gravitas, Cic. Coel. 15, 35: 
V. STERN, SEVERE. 

Yigidity : rigiditas; Vitr. 2, 9, 9 
(applied to wood): also rigor, Plin.: v. 
STIFFNESS, 

rigidly: rigide; Ov.: v. sTirFLy, 
STRICTLY. 

rigmarole: ambages, um, /. pil. 
(with abl. sing.) : not to detain you with 
a long r.. ne te longis a. morer, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 7, 82: Liv. 

rigorous: 1, dirus: the most r. 
season of the year, durissimum tempus 
anni, Caes. B.G. 4, 8. Fig.: Twasar. 
father, pater d. fui, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 
30: they assert virtue to be r., virtutem 
d. volunt, Cic. Am. 13, 48. 2. asper, 
éra, érum (rough): Germany, with ar. 
climate, a. coelo Germania, Tac. G. 2: 
Vv. HARSH. 8, sévérus: v. SEVERE, 
srrict. Phr.: a rule that was not r. 
or over strict, imperium non restrictum 
nec perseverum, lac. A. 15, 48. 

rigorously: dure: to spend one’s 
days stingily and r., vitam parce ac d. 
agere, Ter. Andr. 1, I, 47: V. SEVERELY, 
STRICTLY. 

rigour: 1. rigor: the r. of the 
northern regions, r. septentrionis, Tac. 
A. 2, 23. Fig.: old-fashioned r. and 
excessive severity, antiquus r. et nimia 
severitas, id. H.1,18,ext7. 2, diritia: 
the r. of the climate, d. coeli, Tac. A. 13, 
35. Fig.: Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 26: Caes.: 
Vv. HARSHNESS, SEVERITY. 3. aspé- 
ritas: the r. of the winter, a. hiemis, 
Tac. A.4,56. 4, saevitia (rare): the 
r. of the weather abating, 8. mitiscente 
coeli, Curt. 8, 4, 13. 

rill: 1, riviilus (not used in poet. 
before Prud.: the earlier authors seem 
to have used rivus instead, of which this 
is a dimin.: see Catul. 68, 58: only 


| fig. in Cic.): a tiny r., tenuis r., Cic. 


Rep. 2, 19. 2, amniciilus (dimin. of 
ammnis): tiv. 36, 22. 








rim: _ 1, labrum (a lip). the rs of 
the wine-jars, |. doliorum, Cato R. RK, 
107° they cover the r.s of the horns with 
silver, cornua ab labris argento circum- 
cludunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 28. 9. ora (a 
border): the r. of a shield, o. clipes, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 243: Lucr. 3, margo, 
inis, f. (the edge): the r. of a shell, m. 
conchae, Plin. 9, 36,61: hence margino, 1 
(to furnish with a r.): frames with a 
r. round them, tabulae marginatae, Plin. 
35, 12, 45: Liv. 4, crépido, inis, f. 
(applied to any raised edge, but chiefly 
of large objects)- Liv. 27, 18 (of ar. of 
earth). 5. balteus (very rare : prop. 
a belt): Cato R. R. 76, 3 (applied to the 
r. of crust round a tart). Phr.: the 
1. of the wheel was gold, aurea summae 
curvatura rotae, Ov. M. 2, 108. 
rime (subs.) : |, Vv. RHYME. ll. 
Hoar-frost: pruina: Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 
26: adj.: pruindsus (rimy): Ov. Am. 
2, 19, 22. 
rind: Lit.: expr. by crusta (a hard 
crust), cutis, is, f. (skin), cOrium (prop. 
leather ; tough covering), acc. to Plin. 
15, 28, 34, “crusta teguntur glandes, 
cute uvae, corio et membrana Punica” 
(pomegranates) : a r. composed of woody 
Jibre, lignea membrana (membrane), id 
15, 22, 24: corticilus (dimin. of cortex, 
bark) is used of the outside of the olive, 
Col. 12, §0: tiinica (with dimin. tinicila, 
Fest.: Plin.) is applied to the skin of 
mushrooms iu Plin. 22, 22, 46: v. also 
BARK. Fig.: it ts the mere thin r. 
(of happiness), crusta est et quidem 
tenuis, Sen. Prov. 6, 4: this fleshly r., 
corporeus cortex, Varro in Non. 199, 29. 
ring (subs.) : |, Any circular ob- 
ject : ], anilus (annilus): curtain 
r.s, velares a. Plin. 13, 9, 18: v- also 
no. II. 9. circiilus (contr. circlus, a 
hoop): 7.s of thin twigs, tenui de vimine 
c., Virg. G. 3, 166. 3. ansiila (very 
rare: a 7. fastened in the ground, a 
staple r.): App. M. 4, 143, extr. 4. 
armilla (an tron hoop or r.): Vitr. 10, 
2, 12 (10, 6). 5, orbis, is, m.: v. clk- 
CLE. 6. corona (a crown: hence of 
objects arranged in the form of a 7.): 
a r. of mountains, c. montium, Plin. 
6, 20, 23: with a r. of people standing 
round, vulgi stante c., Ov. M. 13, 1: 
Caes.: Cic. Il. Esp.: an ornament 
Jor the fingers. 1, anilus (annals): 
a 7. adorned with gems, a. gemmatus, 
Liv. I, Ir: @ signet r., a. sigra- 
torius, Val. Max. 8, 14, 4; Sigillari- 
cius, Vopisc. Aur. 50,2: a wedding r., 
a. pronubus, Tert. Apol. 6: nuptialis, 
Eccl.: *in fidem conjugii datus (Kr.). 
The last is the best expr., as the 
oman usage was to give a ring on 
betrothal.] The bezel of a r., pala, funda 
anuli, Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38: Plin. 37, 8, 37: 
to wear a r., a. gestitare, Pl. Cure. §, 2,4 
to make impressions on wax witha r., 
sigilla anulo imprimere, Cic. Acad. 2, 26, 
86. Q, anellus (dimin. of preced.) : Hor. 
S.2,7,9. 8, expr. by the name of the 
stone or material of which it is made ; 
as, a gold r., aurum, Juv. 1, 28: a sard- 
onyx r., sardonyx, id. 7, 144: @ 7. with 
a precious stone, gemma, Ov. M. 9, 565: 
Sen. Phr.: ears with rs in them, 
anulati aures, Pl. Poen. §, 2, 21: V. EAR- 
RING: to put a r. on a lady’s finger, 
digito pignus dare, Juv. 6,27. (N.B— 
Signum denotes the device on a r.: dac- 
tylidthéca is used by Mart. for a case to 
put 7.s in, by Plin. for a collection of 
83) Il. An open circular space : 
gyrus: to gallop round the r., g. pulsare 
equis, Prop. 3,12, 11: more loosely expr. 
by aréna (place of combat), pilaestra 
(wrestling-ground), or even campus. 
ring (v.): |. Zo pull a bell: expr. 
by tintinnabulum tractare, movere, PL 
Trin. 4, 2, 163: also *ciere (Kr.): tor. 
For any one, * tinnitu aliquem ciere ( Kr.) 
||. To give forth a ringing sound: 
], tinnio, 4 (to tinkle): the bell r.s, 
t. tintinnabulum, Pl. Trin. 4, 2, 162: 
Quint.: Cic. 2, tintino, 1 (rare): my 


ears r., t. aures, Catul. §1, 11. 3, ré- 

sno, I: V. RESOUND, RE-ECHO. [J To 

| furnish with a ring: Phr.: f& F. 
691 


RINGDOVE 


RISE 








@ pig, *anulum in rostrum suis in- 
serere.- 
Tingdove: *columba palumbus: or 
cauda torquata (Linn.). : 
ring-finger : digitus qui est minimo 
roximus, Gell. 10, 10: medicinalis, 
cr. S. 7, 13, 73 *annularis (Kr.). _ 
ringing (part. and adj.) : 1, tin- 
niens, ntis: a r. letter, t. littera, Quint. 
12, 10, 31. 9. tinnilus, a 7. voice, 
t. vox, Catul. 61, £3. 8. clarisénus : 
a r. voice, c. vox, Catul. 64, 321: Vv. S0- 
norous. Phr.: to speak with r. accents, 
tinnire canora voce, Pl. Poen. prol. 33. 
ringing (suvbs.): tinnitus, tis : to gro 
pale at the r. of the bell, or knocking at 
the door, expavescere ad t. aeris aut 
januae impulsum, Sen. Ira 3, 35, 3: a 
noise and r. in the ears, sonitus atque t. 
(aurium), Plin. 20, 15, 57. : 
ring-leader: the nearest word is 
caput, itis, n. (the head; but in this 
sense the pred. is often m.): the r.s of 
that conspiracy were beheaded, capita 
conjurationis ejus securi percussi, Liv 
Io, 1: also by dux: v. LEADER, HEAD. 
ringlet: 1. cirrus (rare): Juv. 13, 
165: Vv. CURL, LOCK: adj., cirratus, Pers. 
I, 29. 9. cincinnus (ace. to Kr. this 
is applied to artificial, as cirrus to 
natural r.s: ef.Smith’s Dict. Ant. under 
“Coma”):; the ends of his r.s dripping 
(with ointments), madentes cincinnorum 
fimbriae, Cic. Pis. 11, 25: adj., cincin- 
natus, id. Sest. 11, 26. Phr.: a 7, 
comarum anulus, Mart. 2, 66, 2: wavy 
r.s, similes fluctibus sinus, Ov. A. A. 
3, 148. 
ring-maker: 4niilarius (ann.): Cic. 
Acad. 2, 26, 86. 
ringworm: prob. area, Cels. 6, 4: 
he distinguishes two species, and adds, 
hoc fere in infantibus (cf. Gk. oftacts) : 
as a medic. ¢. ¢., *herpes cincinuatus : 
v. also TETTER. 
rinse: 1. colluo, ui, itum, 3: 
to r. out the mouth, c. os, Plin. 23, 4, 38 
(R. and A.): to r. the throat until it is 
supple, c. mobile guttur, Pers. 1, 17. 
9. éluo, ui, titum, 3: to r. the mouth, 
e. os, Cels. 3, 4: V. WASH OUT. 
Yinsings (pl.): collivies, em, e: 
Dig.: Col.: ‘Tac.; v. REFUSE. 
riot (subs.) : |. Uproar, breach of 
the peace: 1, turba (prop. a crowd: 
esp. pl. in this sense): 7. and uproar, 
turba et confusio, Cic. Rep. 1, 45: to 
raise a great 7., Maximas t. efficere, id. 
Verr. 5, 12, 31: wf you begin a r., si 
quicquam turbae coeperis, Ter. Eun. 4, 
7, 30: seditions and r.s amongst the 
people, seditiones t. que populares, Quint. 
2165722 2, turbella (rare: in pl. 
mostly ; a vow, shindy): to raise a r., 
t. facere, Pl. Bac. 4,9,134. 3, tiimultus, 
iis (a violent commotion) : noise and r., 
strepitus atque t., Caes. B. G. 2, tr: 
there was not a r., neither was there 
tranquillity, non t., non quies, Tac. H. 
I, 40: V. TUMULT, UPROAR. 4, rixa 
(prop. a quarrel between two; otten in 
the wider sense): owing to the concourse 
of people there was a r. and almost a 
battle, concursu hominum r. ac prope 
proelium fuit, Liv. 2,18, ad init. Join: 
turba atque r., Cic. Verr. 4, 66, 148. 
||. Disorderly living, excess : expr. 
by comissatio, bacchatio, v. REVELRY: 
or by luxiiria, Vv. EXTRAVAGANCE. To 
run r., \uxtrio, or -or, 1: to run r. in 
liberty, libertate 1., Curt. Lo, 7, 1. 
riot (v.): |, Zo raisea disturbance : 
expr. by turbas efficere, Cic. Verr. 5, 12, 
31. |]. Zo run riot: v. preced. art., 
and REVEL. 
rioter; best expr. by a phr.: turbae 
ac tumultus concitator, Liv. 25, 4, ad 
jin. : so many thousand r.s, tot rixantis 
millia turbae, Juv. 15, 61: v. also RE- 
VELLER. 
riotous: |. Disorderly, noisy : 
nearest word turbiilentus (troublesome, 
seditious): a 7. assembly. t. contio, Cic. 
Mil. 22, 58: a crowd is usually r., turba 
plerumque est t., Varr. in Gell. 13, 11: 
V. TURBULENT, DISORDERLY. —[f, Extra 
vagant, debauched : 1, dissdlutus : 
V. DISSOLUTE. 2. cOmissabundus: v. 
692 











REVELLING. 
VAGANT. 
riotously: turbiilente, Cic.: v. Tu- 
MULTUOUSLY, NOISILY. Phr.- to liven, 
Bacchanalia vivere, Juv. 2, 3. 

Yip: V. TEAR, CUT: to r. up, haurio, 
si, stum, 4: to r. up the thigh, h. femur, 
Ov. M. 8, 371: to r. up the belly, bh. ven- 
trem, Liv. 7, 10, ad fin. 

ripe: 1, mattrus (super. usu. reg. : 
maturrimus in ‘Tac. A. 12, 65: in fig. 
sense, foll. by a gen. of the object in 
which, a dat. or very rarely acc. with 
ad of that for which anything or person 
is 7.): @ 7. grape, uva m., Virg. E. 10, 
36. Fig. when your age shall have 
grown r., quum m. adoleverit aetas, id. 
Aen. 12, 438: 7. im years, m. aevi, id. ib. 
5,73: r. for command, m. imperio, Liv. 
I, 3, intt,: V. PERFECT. 2. perma- 
turus (thoroughly r.): pears not quite r., 
pira non p., Cels. 6, 13, ad jfin.: Col. 

3. tempestivus (seasonable, full 
grown): r. fruit, t. fructus, Cic. Off. 2, 
4,14. Fig.: r. for heaven, t. coelo, Ov. 
M. 15, 584: Hor. 4, coctus (prop. a 
part.). Join: maturus et c., Cic. Sen. 
19,71.  §, praecox, cdcis, also -cOquis, 
is, and -cdquus (r. before its time) : figs 
r. before their time, praecoques fici, Col. 
5, TO: V. PREMATURE. 6. expr. by 
maturatus (prop. a part.): a r. grape, 
uva m., Cic. Sen. 15, 53: v. the vb. 
Phr.: not to be far from r., non mul- 
tum a maturitate abesse, Caes. B. C. 1, 
48: the r. understanding of Gallus, 
maturitas Galli, Tac. H. 1, 87. (N.B— 
Maturum judicium in Cic. Caecin. 3, 7, 
is a quick apprehension and judgment.) 

ripen: |. Trans.:  ], matiro, 
1: tor. grapes, m. uvas, Tib. 1, 4, 19: 
Cie. 2. coquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to r. by 
heat): fruit rd by sunshine, fructus 
solibus coctus, Plin. 12, 5, 11: Varr. 
8. percdquo, xi, ctum, 3 (to 7. tho- 
roughly) : Sen. Ben. 7, 31,2: Ov. Phr.: 
tor. anything, ad maturitatem perducere, 
Plin. 19, 3, 15, ad fin.: Vv. PERFECT, 
|J. [ntrans.: 1, matiresco, rui, 
3: the crops r., frumenta m., Caes. B. G. 
6, 29: the boil r.s of itself, furunculus 
maturescit per se, Cels. 5, 28, 8: if his 
good qualities had r.’d, si virtutes ejus 
maturuissent, Plin. Ep. 5, 9. 2. per- 
matiresco, rui, 3 (to grow quite r.): 
Ov. M. 4, 165. 3. émattresco, rui, 3 
(rare): Gell. 2, 29: Plin. Phr.: to7., 
ad maturitatem pervenire, maturitatem 
adipisci, Plin. 13, 4, 73 19, 5, 23. 
ripeness: maturitas: ther. of fruits, 
m. frugum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 68: season- 
able r., m. tempestiva, id. Sen. 2, 5. 
Fig.: 7. of years, m. aetatis, id. Fam. 
4 4, 4- 

ripple (swbs.): fluctictilus: the rs 
being lightly stirred, leviter motis f., 
Apul. Apol. 296, extr.: v. foll. art. 

ripple (v.); no precise equiv.: the 
nearest is trépido (to tremble), 1: the 


3, luxtiridsus: v. EXTRA- 


water 7.s with a murmur, aqua trepidat | 


cum murmure, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 21: the 
foll. passages also contain the idea: ut 
mare fit tremulum tenui cum stringitur 
aura, Ov. H. 11, 75: of a corn field: 
(segetes) lenibus horrescunt flabris, 
Virg. G. 3, 199: cf. id. Aen. 3, 195. 
Tise (v.): |. Zo move upwards, 
become higher: 1, surgo, surrexi, sur- 
rectum, 3: to 7. from one’s seat, s. de 
sella, Cic. Verr. 4, 65, 147: to r. from 
one’s couch, s. e lectulo, id. Off. 3, 31, 
112: tor. to speak, s. ad dicendum, id. 


de Or. 2, 78, 316: the sun r.s, sol surgit, | 


Hor. S. 1, 9, 73: tor. before daybreak, 
s. ante lucem, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 15 (cf. cum 
sole expergisci, id. Att. 13, 38, and the 
v. AWAKE): the crops 7., messes surgunt, 
Virg.G. 1,161. Fig.: tor. above prose, 
super prosam s., Quint. Io, I, 81: v. 
ASCEND, MOUNT, SOAR. 2, exsurgo, 
surrexi, 3: prithee r., exsurge quaeso, 
Cic. Plane. 42, 102: the mountain-range 
r.s from the sea-shore, mons a mari ex- 
surgit, Plin. 5, 27, 27. Fig.: the re- 
public will r., respublica exsurget, Cic. 
Fam. 12, 10, 4. Join: e. atque erigere 
se, id. Agr. 2, 32, 87. 8, consurgo, sur- 
rexi, surrectum, 3 (to 7. in a body): nor 


RISE 


can bodies r. into the air, nec corpors 
possunt c. in auras, Lucr. 6, 101g: they 
all rose out of respect to him, consur- 
rexere omnes illi, Cic. Sen. 18, 63: the 
council r.s, consurgitur (impers.) ex 
consilio, Caes. B.G. 5,31. 4, assurgo, 
surrexi, surrectum, 3 (to 7. to; esp., 
constr. with dat., to r. im honour of): 
to r. to a height of 4 ells, septem a. in 
ulnas, Virg.G. 3, 355: tor. out of respect 
Sor their elders, a. majoribus natu, Cic. 
Inv. 1, 30, 48. Fig.: nor does comedy r. 
to the height of tragedy, neque comoedia 
cothurnis assurgit, Quint. 10, 2,22. §, 
insurgo, surrexi, surrectum, 3: at their 
rear rosé @ wood, pone tergum insurgebat 
silva, Tac. A.2,16. Fig.: sometimes he 
r.s (in style), aliquando insurgit, Quint. 
To, 1,96. 6, désurgo, surrexi, 3 (very 
rare): to r. from supper, d. coena, Hor. 
S. 2; 25 (94. 7, Orior, ortus, 3 and 4 
(fut. part. oriturus): to 7. into view: 
esp. of the heavenly bodies: the stars r., 
astra oriuntur, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 41: @ 
cloud was r.ing, nubes oriebatur, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 16: a flower r.s, flos oritur, Ov. 
M. Io, 212. 8, exdrior, ortus, 3 and 4: 
the dog-star 7.s, Canicula exoritur, Cic. 
Div. 2, 44, 93: Virg. 9. emergo, si, 
sum, 3 (to 7. out, issue, from: constr. 
either as neut. or veflect.): a serpent 
rose from the altar, ab ara anguis emersit, 
Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: tor. frum @ river, 
e. e flumine, id. ib. 2, 68, 140. Fig.: 
laws trodden under foot r. some time or 
other, aliquando emergunt demersae 
leges, id. Off. 2, 7, 24 (notice the change 
of metaph.). 10. very freq. expr. by 
vbs. denoting to raise, either with re- 
Jlect. pron. or in the pass. voice: tor., 
erigere se, Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42: tollere, id. 
Tuse. 5, 13, 37: extollere, Catul. 62, 50: 
attollere, Ov. M. 4, 722: levare, id. ib. 2, 
428: to cease to r. higher, altius se effe- 
rendi finem facere, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43: 
smoke r.s, erigitur tumus, Virg. Aen. 9, 
239: sound naturally r.s, sonus natura 
in sublime fertur, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141: @ 
cloud rose into the air, nubes elata (est) 
in altum, Plin. Ep. 6, 16. Phr.: light 
' bodies r., levia in sublime tendunt, Plin. 
2, 5, 4: the barometer r.s, * argentum 
| vivum in barometro tollitur, sursum 
tendit (Kr.): Olympus r.s into the 
| clouds, nubes suspexit Olympus, Lucan 
6, 477: mountain chains that r. into the 
clouds, excedentia in montes juga, Plin. 
27, 1,1: the newly risen sum, sol recens, 
Pers. 5,54: the rivers r., flumina crescnnt, 
Virg. G. 1, 326: food r.s on my stomach, 
perh. *cibum meum regusto, cf. Sen. 
Prov. 3, 13: to r. to the hope of liberty, 
ad spem libertatis exardescere, Cic. Phil. 
4, extr.: their spirits rose, crevere animi, 
id. Manil. 15,45. =|, Esp.: toadvance 
in rank or dignity: 1, €mergo, si, sum, 
3: tor. to the highest wealth, ad summas 
e. opes, Lucr. 2, 13: tf ts incredible how 
greatly the states have risen, incredibile 
est quantum civitates emerserint, Cic 
Att. 6, 2,admed. Q, insurgo, surrexi, 
surrectum, 3: Caesar beyan to r. by de- 
grees, Caesar i. paullatim, Tac. A. 1, 2. 
8. cresco, crévi, crétum, 3 (to grow) : 

an opportunity of ring in the senate, 
crescendi in curia occasio, Liv. 1, 46: 
to r. by one’s own exertions, per se c., 
Caes. B.G.1, 20. Phr.: to7. to honours, 
ascendere ad honores, Cic. Brut. 68, 24% - 
to r. one step in rank, unum ascendere 
gradum dignitatis, id. Mur. 27, 55: tor. 
to a higher position, in altiorem locum 
pervenire, id. Rosc. Am. 30,83. — ff. Vo 
proceed from, begin to exist: |, rior, 
ortus, 3 and 4: @ storm rises, tempestas 
oritur, Nep. Tim. 3, 3: the Tigris r.s in 
the country of Armenia, Tigris oritur in 
regione Armeniae, Plin. 6, 27, 31: Caes. 
(N.B.—In most other phrr. the form arise 
is used: v. ARISE, FLOW FROM, PROCEED.) 
2, cddrior, ortus, 3 and 4. a wind 
having risen, vento coorto, Caes. B. G. 
5,43. 8, surgo, surrexi, surrectum, 3: 
what thought now r.s in your mind ? 
quae nunc animo sententia surgit? Virg. 
Aen. I, £82: Tac.: Vv. SPRING UP. 4. 
consurgo, surrexi, surrectum, 3: the 
winds are r.ing, consurgunt venti, Virg. 





y 
- 











RISE ABOVE 





Aen. 5,9: Quint. 5, nascor, natus, 3 
(to come forth, issue): r., usher in the 
day, nascere, diemque age, Virg. E. 8, 17 
(of the morning star): a river rs in a 
swamp, ex palude nascitur amnis, Plin. 
36, 26, 65: a hill rose from the river, ab 
€o flumine collis nascebatur, Caes. B. G. 
2,18.  |V. To increase: cresco, augeor : 
Vv. INCREASE. Phr.: the wind r.s, ventus 
increbrescit, Cic. Fam. 7, 20, 3: his anger 
r.s higher, altius surgunt irae, Virg. Aen. 
10, 813 (assurgunt, id. ib. 12, 494): the 
market r.s, pretia (in immensum), exar- 
descunt, Suet. Ttb. 34: annona ingra- 
vescit, Cic. Dom. 5, 11. V. To break 
out into rebellion : 1, consurgo, sur- 
rexi, surrectum, 3: tor. in arms, c. in 
arma, Virg. Aen. 10, go: to r. in open 
war, c. ad bellum, Liv. 10,13. Q, cd- 
Grior, ortus, 3 and 4: the nations have 
risen against us, coortae in nos gentes, 
Tac. H. 1, 2: Liv.: v. REBEL, REVOLT. 
rise above: 1, siipérémineo, 2 
(both act. and neut.) : to r. a head above 
all, collo tenus s. omnes, Ov. M. ?, 182: 
Virg.: v. SURMOUNT, OVERTOP. Q, sil- 
péro, 1: the peaks r. above the clouds, 
superant cacumina nubes, Ov. M. 1, 317: 
Virg.: Liv. 3, exsiipéro, 1: the Nile 
r.s above 16 cubits, Nilus xvi. cubita ex- 
superat, Plin. 18, 18, 47. Phr.: the 
water that has risen above the land, 
superjectum aequor, Hor. Od. 1, 2, 12. 
— again: 1, résurgo, surrexi, 
surrectum, 3: an effort to r. again, 
nisus ad resurgendum, Tac. A. 3, 46: 
the fortunes of Rome were r.ing again, 
res Romana resurgebat, Liv. 24, 45, ad 
tnit.: Hor.: in theol. sense, Min. Fel. 
Oct. 11,7: Vulg. 2, révivisco, vixi, 3 
(to come to life ayain): suppose Curius 
were to r. again, reviviscat Curius, Cic, 
Parad. 5, 2, ad fin. 
rise (subs.): |. The act of ascend- 
ing: Lit.: v. rismxc. Fig.: a I 
ortus, us: the r. of the tribunician 
, ©. tribuniciae potestatis, Cic. 
og 8, 19: V. BEGINNING, ORIGIN. 
9. ascensio (rare): the r. of orators 
«to perfection), a. oratorum, Cic. Brut. 
36, 137. 3. ascensus, Us: the r. to a 
higher and move honourable post, ad 
honoris amplioris gradum a., Lex in Cic. 


eg: 35° 3, 7: |]. incrementum: v. 
INCREASE. 


give: 1, pario, pépéri, pari- 
tum or partum, 3 (to give birth to): to 
give r. to pain, dolorem, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 
49: V. PRODUCE, CAUSE, OCCASION. Bs 
gigno, génui, génitum, 3 (to beget): anger 
gave rise to enmities, genuit ira inimi- 
citias, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 49: this virtue 
gives r. to friendship, haec virtus gignit 
amicitiam, Cic. Am. 6, 20. 3, séro, 
Sévi, satum, 3 (fo sow: oft. in connect. 
with causa) ; to give r. to civil discords, 
8. civiles discordias, Liv. 3, 40: v. orI- 
GINATE. Phr.: to give r. to suspicion, 
dare locum suspicionis, Cic. Coel. 4, 9: 
suspicionem (alicujus), Caes. B. G. 7, 54: 
although even that gave r. to no suspi- 
ction, quanquam ne id quidem suspi- 
cionem habuerit, Cic. Planc. 22, 53. 
riser: an early-7., tempestivus, Plin. 
29, 3, 25. 
Tisibility : *ridendi facultas. 
Tisible: risibilis occurs in Mart. 
Cap. 4, 123: expr. rather by phr. with 


ridére. 
rising (subs.): |, The act of ascend- 
ing: 1, ortus, ts: the r. of the sun 


and moon, o. solis et lunae (opp. to 
oceasus, obitus), Cic. Div. 1, oe. 128. 

2. exortus, is. Auct. Her. 3, 22, 36. 

8, ascensus, tis: the r. of the stars 
into our hemisphere, a. siderum, Plin. 29, 
3, 15: V. ASCENT. Plir.: the r. of the 
Nile, auctus, incrementum Nili, Sen, 
Q.N. 4, 2,7: Plin.: ar. in the stomach, 
restagnatio alvi, id. 11, 37, 66: perh. 
also nausea, Sen. Ep. 53, 3: the 7. again 
From the dead, v, RESURKECTION. 
An insurrection : 1, motus, iis: ar. 
of the slaves, m. servilis, Liv. 39, 29: 
a r. of the populace, m. populi, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 48, 199. 2, timultus, os (a 
sudden war; esp. within the limits of 
Italy: v. Dict. Ant.): a r. of the slaves, 


RIVALRY 


t. servilis, Caes. B. G. 1, 49. 3, ré- 
bellio (a war on the part of a con- 
quered people): v. REVOLT, REBELLION. 
(N.B.—Insurrectio is not class.) —[|J. 4 
swelling ; timor: v. SWELLING, TUMOUR. 

rising (part. and adj.): Phr.: r. 
ground, collis paullulum ex planitie 
editus, Caes. B. G. 2, 8: locus paulatim 
(gently) ab imo acclivis, id. ib. 3, 19: 
r. temples, nascentia templa, Mart. 6, 4, 
3: Cic.: a very r. young man, adolescens 
summa spe et animi et ingenii praeditus, 
id. Phil. 2, 18, 46. 

risk (subs.): 1, périciilum (contr. 
périclum : danger): doubtful r.s, dubia 
p-, Lucr. 3, 55: at my own r., meo peri- 
culo, Cic. Sest. 52, 111: to doa thing at 
one’s own r., rem periculi sui facere, 
Tryph. Dig. 23, 5, 16: torunar., p. 
adire, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83: suscipere, id. 
Mur. 36, 76: in periculum se mittere, 
Auct. Her. 3, 5,8: committere, Cic. Inv. 2, 
8, 27: periculo se committere, id. Manil. 
11, 31: the r. of one’s life, p. vitae, Cic. 
Cat. 2, 2, 3: capitis, Rosc. Am. 38, 110: 
mortis, id. Caecin. 29, 83: without r., 
bono p., Apul. Apol. p. 320: with great 
r-, periculose (adv.), Cic. 2. alea 
(prop. a die; hence hazard): a great r., 
a, grandis, Ov. A. A. 1, 376° r. of life, 
a. vitae, Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 3: 


tude, ire in dubiam imperii servitiique 
a, Liv. 1, 23. 8. discrimen, inis, n. 
(crisis): Vv. TURNING-POINT. Join: 
periculum ac d., Cic. Manil. 5, 12: peri- 
culum d.que, id. Off. 1, 43, 154. 

risk (v.): périclitor (more freq. neut. 
than act. in this sense, and constr. with 
abl. or inf.): to r. one’s character for 
ability, p. fama ingenii, Liv. 40, 15, ad 
Jin.: that their life should be r.’d, ut 
vita periclitaretur, Caes. B. G. 6, 34: 
to r. the welfare of the republic, p. salu- 
tem reipublicae, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11: 
Vv. ENDANGER, VENTURE. Phr.: to r. 
the fortunes of the army, fortunas exer- 
citus in dubium devocare, Caes. B. G. 
6,7: her life will be r.’d, vita in dubium 
veniet, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42: to r. one’s 
all, dare summam rerum in aleam, Liv. 
42, 59, ad fin. 

Tite: ritus, is: v. CEREMONY. 

Titual (adj.): ritualis, Fest. : 
CEREMONIAL. 

ritual (subs.): liber ritualis, Fest. 
(of certain Etruscan books on r.). 

Titualist: perh. * caerimoniarum 
sacrarum diligentissimus. 

ritually; ritualiter, 
Amm. 29, I, 29. 

Tival (subs.): 1, rivalis, is, com. 
c in love): to be one’s r., r. esse alicui, 

v. Am. 2, 19, 60: to hace no r., amare 
sine rivali (prov.), Hor. A. P. 444: Cic. 

2, aemiilus (strictly an adj.: but 
also used subst. with foll. gen.) : without 
a r., remoto a., Tac. A. 3, 8: Carthage, 
the r. of the Roman power, Carthago Ro- 
mani aemula imperii, Sall. C. 10: Cic. 
3. compétitor (a competitor): Cic. 

Off. 1, 12, 38: —/f. -trix, id. Mur. 19, 40. 
(N.B—Coamator is of doubtful autho- 
rity.) 4. ‘concertator (one who vies 
with another): a r. in the art of war, 
c. scientia militiae, Tac. A.14,29. Phr.: 
to be (political) r.s, obtrectare inter se, 
Nep. Arist. 1, 1: to play the r., aemu- 
latus agere, Tac. A. 13, 46. 

rival (v.): aemiilor, 1 (in a good 
sense, with acc., rarely dat.: in a bad 
sense, to be envious or jealous of, usu. 
with dat.): to r. Pindar, a. Pindarum, 
Hor. Od. 4, 2, 1: on the word itself ctf. 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 56: v. EMULATE, VIE 
with. Pbhr.: lips that r. the roses, 
aemula labra rosis, Mart. 4, 42, 10. 

rivalry: 1, aemiulatio (both ina 
good and in a bad sense ; cf. Cic. Tuse. 4, 
8, 19): there was a bitier r. between 
them, a. infensa exercebatur inter eas, 
‘Tac. A. 13, 19: Cic. (N.B.—The form 
aemulatus, fis occurs in Tac. 9. ri- 
valitas (of r. in love): Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 
56.  §, certamen, Inis, n. (a struggle): 
ar. tr honour and preferment, c. ho- 
noris et dignitatis, Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38: 
Vv. CONTEST. 


¥. 


Auct. apud 


to run) 
the doubtful r. of dominion or servi- | 








ROAD 





Yive: discindo, cidi, cissum, 3: v¥ 
TEAR, SPLIT. 

Tiver (subs.) : 1, fiimen, Inis, n 
(the most common term): a winding 7., 
curvum f., Virg. G. 2, 12: the r. winds 
among the valleys, {. insinuat se inter 
valles, Liv. 32, 13: deep-channelled r.s, 
cava f., Virg.G. 1, 326: a wonderfully 
gentle r., incredibili lenitate f., Caes. B.G. 
I, 12° up the r., adverso flumine : down 
the r., secundo f., id. B. G. 7, 60: the 
advantages arising from r.s, fluminum 
opportunitates, Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132. 
Transf.: ar. of blood, f. sanguinis, 
Lucr. 2, 354: V. STREAM, TORRENT. 

2. flivius (gen. pl. fluviim, Val 
Fl. 6, 3g: fiivjorum, Virg. G. 1, 482: 
not in Caes.): a r. overshadowed with 
trees, f. opacus, Virg. Aen. 7, 36: on 
the banks of a rv. which flows into the 
Black Sea, apud fluvium qui in Pontum 
influit, Cic. Tuse. 1, 39, 94. 3, amnis, 
is, m. (flowing water, cl. Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 
20: not in Caes.): a r. rich in gold, 
aurifer a., Catul. 29, 20: ar. that never 
runs dry, perennis a., Cic. Rep. 2, §: a 
navigable r., a, navium patiens, Liv. 21, 
31: ar. full of fords, a. vadosus, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 728: brimming r.s, pleni 4., 
Ov. M. 1, 344: swollen r.s, inflati a., 
Liv. 40, 33: one flows like a tranquil r., 
the other rushes on more rapidly, alter 
quasi sedatus a. fluit, alter incitatior 
fertur, Cic. Or. 12, 39. (N.B—On the 
form of the abl. cf. the comment. on Liv. 
32,10.) Phr.: to rush into the r., in 
aquam ruere, id. 1,27, ad jin.: willows 
that grow beside r.s, amnicolae salices, 
Ov. M. 10, 96. 

Tiver- (adj.): ], fliiviatilis: r.- 
tortoises, f. testudines, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 
124. Q. fliivialis: r.-reed, f. arundo, 
Virg. G. 2, 414. 8, filiviaticus: r.- 
sand, arena f., Vitr. 1, 2, 8: Col. 4. 
flimineus (belonging toa r.): r.-water, 
f. aqua, Ov. F. 2, 46: r.-fowl, f. volucres, 
id. M. 2, 253. 3 amnicus: a r.-reed, 
a. calamus, Plin. 16, 36, 66, ad init. 
(N.B.—The form fluminalis occurs onl 
in Coel. Aur.: Flumentanus only in F. 
porta, the r.-gate of Rome.) 

river-bed: alveus, Liv. 21, 31: a 
fluminis, Virg. Aen. 7, 33- 

river-born: amnigéna, Val. FL. 6, 
391 (as adj. of 3 term. in Auson.). 

Yriver-god: no equiv.: rivers were 
worshipped under the form of bulls 
(tauriformis, Hor. Od. 4, 14, 25: Virg. 
Aen. 8, 77): Ovid addresses a river 
(Am. 3, 6, q. v.) simply as “ amnis:” 
*numen fluminis (Kr.). 

river-horse: bippdpétamus, Plin. 
8, 25, 39: “Hippopotamus amphibius, 
Linn. 

rivet (subs.): nearest expr. perh. 
ansa (ferrea), in Vitr. 2, 8, 4: iu a looser 
sense compago, inis, 7. (fastening) : 
sometimes also clavus, Vv. NALL, and 


foll. art. 
rivet(v.): |, Lit: *ansa (ferrea; 
compingere. ||, Fig.: clavo trabali, 


quemadmodum dicitur, figere, Cic. Verr. 
5. 21, 53: V. CLINCH: the circumstance 
r.’d their attention, res oculis animisque 
immobiles eos defixit, Liv, 21, 33. 
rivulet: rivus, rivilus: v. RELL: 
expr. by fiiimen, Virg. E. 9, 40. 
rix-dollar: *imperialis ; 
imperialis (Kr.). 
roach: “leuciscus rutilus: Cuvier. 
road: ], via: there are three rs 
... tres viae, Flaminia... Aurelia... 
Cassia, Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22: by a hot and 
dusty r., aestuosa et pulverulenta via, 
id. Att. 5,14: a very bad r., via deter- 
rima, ib. 9, 9, 2: & have granted a r 
through the farm, viam per fundum de- 
disse, id. Caecin. 10,26. Phr.: on ther., 
inter viam, id. Att. 4, 3,ez¢r.: inter vias, 
Ter. Eun. 4, 2,1. Via may be some- 
times understood: by some r., aliqua, 
Liv. 26,27: by which r., qua, id. 34 29: 
by whatever r., quacunque, Cic. Verr, 
1, 16, 44: @ paved r., strata (via): of an 
old r., stratae veteris, Eutrop. 9, 15: v. 
below. Q. iter, itinéris, mn. (route; 
whether an artificially formed r.or not): 


or 


thalerus 


there were two r.s., erant duo itinera, 


693 


ROAD ROBBER ROCK 


30. 4, raptor: Virg.: Prop.—Ar. f 
temples, sacrilégus : Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40: 
a r. of tombs, bustirapus: Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 
142 ar. of clothes, grassator: Cic. Fat. 
15, 34: 7 band, latrocinium . Cic. Cat. 
1, 13, 31: 7. family, rapacidae, Pl. AuL 
2,7, 8 
robbery : ], latrocinium. pun- 
ishments of those who have been arrested 
in the act of 7., qui in latrocinio.... 
sint comprehensi, Caes. B. G. 6, 16. 
9, \atrocinatio: Plin. H. N. 19, 4; 
19, § 59- 3, spdliatio (stripping) 
r.s of temples, spoliationes fanorum, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 59, 132. 4, raptus, ts. t 
assemble for plunder andr.s, ad praedam 
et raptus congregare, Tac. A. 2, 52- 
Phr.: to live by r., vivere eX rapto, Ov 
Met. 1, 144. rapto vivere, Liv. 7, 25- 
robe (subs.) : A. In gen. sense? 
vestis, vestitus, vestimentum : V. DRESS, 
CLOTHES, GARMENT, MANTLE, etc. B. 
In special sense; esp. @ robe of state: 
1, trabéa (worn by kings, augurs, 
knights): conspicuous for his Quirinal 
r., Quirinali trabea insignis, Virg. Aen 
, 612: wearing such @ Ty trabeatus 5 
r.d knights, trabeati equites, Tac. A. 3, 2- 
9. paludamentum (military, for 
generals): Liv. 25, 16, fin. : more fully, 
imperatorium p., Plin. : dressed in such 
ar., paludatus, Caes. : Cic.: Liv. i 
chlamys, ydis, f. (Grecian military 
cloak or state mantle): (a) for a man 
a harper.... with @ purple T., citha- 
roedus.... cum chlamyde purpurea, 
Auct. ad Her. 4, 47, 60. (0.) for @ 
woman: dressed in a Sidonian T., Sido- 
niam chlamydem circumdata, Virg. Aen. 
4, 137 4, palla (worn by tragic 


Caes. B. G. 1, 6: on the r., in itinere, | 75 with the noise of men, boat coelum 
Liv. 25, 19: ex itinere (when a letter, fremitu virum, Pl Amph. 1, 1, 78. 
messenger, etc., is despatched from sone roar, ot roaring (subs.) : 1, fré- 
one en route), Sall. Cat. 34. 3, sé- | mitus, us: 7. of the earth, f. terrae, Cic. 
mita (prop. @ narrow path): to have | Div. 1, 18, 35: of a tiger: Plin. H. N. 8, 
returned by the same r., eadem semita | 18, 25- 9, migitus, us (bellowing) : 
revertisse, Cic. Verr. 2, 23, 57- 4. |r. of the woods, nemorum mugitus, 
limés, itis, m. (prop. @ cross - path : Plin, H. N. 18, 35, 86. 3, rugitus, us: 
also in gen. sense): by cross 7.8, trans- | of lions, Vopisc. Prob. 19. 4, strépitus, 
yersis 1. Liv. 22, 12: by @ broad and | is: the r. of Acheron, strepitus Ache- 
ypen 7., lato et patente 1. id. 34, 28: | rontis, Virg. Georg. 2, 492: V. DIN. 
Virg. Aen. 9, 323. 5, trames, itis, m. roaring (@4j.): 1, fragosus: @ 
(prop. a cross-road or by-path): by an | 7- torrent, f. torrens, Virg. Aen. 7, 566. 
easy ¥., facili t., Virg. Aen. 6, 676: by Q, sonorus: the 7. tempests, tem- 
cross 7.s., transversis t., Liv. 2, 39. 6, | pestates s., ib. 1, 53. (Neither to be 
agger, 6ris, m. (prop. the raised convex used of animals : v. TO ROAR.) 
part of a %.): joined with viae, Virg.| roast: {. Lit: 1, torreo, ui, 
Aen. 5, 273: Y- Serv. ad L: in later tostum, 2° we will r. the entrails on 
writers without viae: a 7. paved with | hazel-spits, in verubus torrebimus exta 
flint, agger silice crustatus, Sidon. Ep. colurnis, Virg. Georg. 2, 396: tor. chest- 
I, 5: antiquus 4., id. Carm. 24, 5: the nuts, castaneas t., Plin. H.N.15, 23, 25: 
Aurelian r., Aurelius 4., Rutil. 1, 39. | the wise man, though he be r.'d in the 
Phr.: a royal r., or short cut: via com- bull of Phalaris, etiamsi... torreatur, 
pendiaria, Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43: compeR- Cic. Pis. 18,42. 2. torréfacio, 3 (rare): 
dium viae, Plin. H. N. 5; 5, § 38: com- Col. 6, 7, 4: 3, frigo, xi, 3 (ina 
pendium, Tac. Ann. 12, 28. pan): to Tr. barley, hordeum. . Bh Elin: 
road, to make or pave: 1, | H. N. 18,7, 14: Ov. 4, asso, 1 (a 
viam sterno, stravi, tum, 3 : the censors | cookery term) : laid ready to be rd 
contracted for p.ing the 1.5, vias ster- | upon that jure, super istum ignem por- 
nendas silice locaverunt, Liv. 41, 27: to | rectus agsari, Apul. Met. 2, 10, 119, Elm.: 
pave ar. with stone, Ss. viam lapide, Ulp. | to 7. @ pig's liver, assare jecus porcinum, 
Dig. 43, 11,1: v. above (1). Q, miunio, | Apic. 2, 49. in same sense, part. inas- 
4: Appius made aT. viam munivit, Liv. | satus, roasted: Plin. H. N. 30, 8, 22. 
g, 29: also Cic. Mil. 9, 17: Hannibal | Tor. slightly, subasso, Apic. 4, 151. : 
made 7.s, itinera muniit, Nep. Hann. 3. | coquo, xi, coctum, 3 (to cook): fairly 
So eminio, 4: fo make 7s through | rd, legitime coctus, Lactant. ort. Pers. 
forests and marshes, silvas paludesque | (3- ll. Fig.: to roast (scold) a man: 
e., Tac. Agr. 31- caléfacio, contr. calfacio, 3: Memmius 
—, to repair: J, réficio, 3: | had well rd Gabinius, Gabinium lucu- 
Ulp. Dig. 43, 11, T- 9. (by raising | lente calefecerat Memmius, Cic. Q. F. 










































































surface) aperio, ui, ertum, 4: ib. oy Nl By eee tke be r.’d, convicio verberari, | actors): Hor. A. P. 278. Also worn 
(by removing rubbish) purge, F : ib. id. Pis. 26, 63. Phr.: 7. this man well, | by deities, etc. 5 Ov. Met. 11, 166: Stat. 
—— -making: viarum munitio. onera hunc maledictis, Pl. Ps. 1, 3,138. | Phr.: @ man of the long 7. (homo) 
eS routol the: j, avius: roast, oF roasted (adj.): assus: 7. forensis, Quint. 5, 10, 27: mistress of 
cf. aviis itineribus, Sall. Jug. 54- 9. | veal, assum vitulinum, Cic. Fam. 9, 20: the r.s, Vestispica, Pl. Trin. 1, 2, 29- 


déevius : a town lying out of the r.,\ 7. beef, assa bubula (caro), Pl. Cure. 2, 
d. oppidum, Cic. Pis. 36, 89: d. et silves- | 3, 88: as soon as you have mixed boiled 
trem gentem, Liv. 34, 20- and r. together, simul assis miscueris 
roadside (adj.): trivialis : 1. players, | elixa, Hor. S. 2, 2, '73- 
t. ludii, Suet. Aug. 74: 7- slang, trivialia rob: , Trans.: 1. rapio, ui, 
verba, id. Rhet. 6: trivialis sermo, Arnob. | ptum, 3: the hope of r.ing blinds their 
I, p. 341 (Gauthier, p. 43; Herald). minds, spes rapiendi occaecat animos 
roadstead (= offing), for ships: | eorum, Cic. Phil. 4, 4,9: af Sparta boys 
statio, Virg. Aen. 2, 23. learn to r. and steal, r. pueri ac clepere 
roadster : 1, caballus, Hor. S. 1, | discunt, Cic. Rep. (Non.). 2. éripio, ui, 
6,59. 2, mannus, id. Epod. 4, 14: id. reptum, 3 (always with object expressed : 
Ep. 1, 7, 77- 3, Equus vectarius, Varr. | oft. dat. of indirect [personal] obj. also) : 
R.R.2,7, 15. Pbr.: 4 good 7., equus if any one’s im, vustice has r:d a man of 
ad vehendum mollis, Veget. Veter. | his money, pecuniam [alicui] si alicujus 
4, 5, 4- eripuit injuria, Cic. Quint. 15, 49- fs 
roam : 1, vagor, 1: Hor. Od. 1, | spdlio, £ (prop. fo strip: with acc. of 
22, 11: (the Trojans) were ring with | person and abl. of thing): you have r.’d 
unsettled abodes, _.sedibus incertis va- Apollonius of all his silver plate, omni 
gabantur, Sall. Cat. 6. Also, évagor : | argento Apollonium spoliasti, Cic. Verr. 
no space being left for r.ing, nullo ad | 4, 19, 37: to be rd of one’s fortune... -s 
evagandum relicto spatio, Liv. 22, 47: | spoliari fortunis ... , id. Plane. 9, 22. 
the hens having 1. farther, gallinae 4, exspdlio, 1: do not 7. these of 
longius evagatae, Col. 8, 15, 14- 2, | your help, nolite hos vestro auxiJio ex- 
erro, 1: Virg. Aen. 1, 333: v. STRAY, | spoliare, Caes. BaGe i: 5, dé- 
WANDER. 3, palor, I: V. STRAGGLE. spolio, 1: to be rd of a triwmph, de- 
roamer: €!0, onis: Hor. S. 2, 7} spoliari_ triumpho, Liv. 45, 36. i 
113: Ulp. Dig. 21, 1, 17) § 14: V. VAGA- compilo, 1 (tor. @ place or repository) : 
BOND. Gic, Phil. 3,12, 30. 7%. expilo, 1 (like 
roaming (adj.) : 1. errabundus, preced.): tf @ father 7.s temples, Si.-.. 
Virg. Ecl. 6, 58. Q. erraticus: 7. fana expilet, id. Off. 3, 23, 9°- I 
Delos, erratica Delos, Ov. Met. 6, 333. auféro, abstiili, ablatum, 3, irr.: he 
3, vagus: T. feet, vagi pedes, Ov. bought, not r.’d, emit, non abstulit, Cic. 
A. A. 3, 418. Verr. 4, 20, 43- Q, nido, 1 (to lay 
roaming (swls.): évagatio, Plin. H.N. bare): to r. of protection, praesidio 1. 
2, 11, 14. Auct. Dom. I, 2- 10. adimo, émi, 
roan: 1. ravus: between yellow and | emtum, 3 (with dat. of person and acc. 
gray, inter flavos et caesios, Fest. 16. | of thing): if chance had rd me of life, 
9, rufus color albo maculatus, Gell. | si vitam mihi sors ademisset, Cic. Planc. 
, 26. 42, 101: V. BEREAVE, PILLAGE, PLUNDER, 
roar (v.): 1, frémo, ui, 3: the lion | STRIP. B, Intrans.: latrocinor, 1: 
7.S ...+, fremit ore cruento, Virg. Aen. | who 7 in company, qui una latrocin- 
9, 341: ib. I, 296: the winds 1... .+ antur, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 49: where his pos- 
fremunt immani turbine venti, Ov. Trist. | terity might r with impunity, ubi_sui 
T0235) 25° 9. gemo, ui, 3: the shores posteri impune latrocinarentur, id. Mil. 
of the r.ing Bosporus, gementis littora | 7, 17- 
Bospori, Hor. Od. 2, 20, 14. 3, rudo robber: 1, latro: the penniless 
(rado, Pers.), radi, and rudivi, rudi- traveller will whistle in presence of the r., 
tum, 3: (of lions) sub nocte rudentum, cantabit vacuus coram latrone viator, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 16, 4, riigio, 4: rugi- | Juv. 10, 22: 7.8 are said to have laws, 
unt leones, Spart. Get. 5. 5, strépo, | leges latronum esse dicuntur, Cic. Off. 2, 
ui, 3 (of any harsh din): fluvii strep- | 11, 40- 2. praedo (freebooter, pirate) : 
unt. .., nive turgidi, Hor. Od. 4, 12, 4- v. PIRATE. 3, ereptor: a 7. of pro- 
oT 1 (rebellow): the heaven | perty, bonorum ereptor, Cic. Quint. 8, 


robe (v.) chiefly in poet. or rhet. 
style: 1, vestio, 4: men who are r.d 
in purple, quos ingens purpura vestit, 
Juv. 11, 155: VY. TO CLOTHE. Q. indtio, 
ui, itum, 3 (to attire): the earth r.d in 
its many-colowred livery, terra vario 
gramine induta, Petron. 127, 8. 

robing-room : 1, caméra ves: 
tiaria Cato,R. BR. 1%. 2. apodyte- 
rium, and in same pass. arroduTnplov = 
Gic. Q. F. 3, 1, 1. 

robin: 1, erithacus : Plin. H. N. 
10, 44. 9. *sylvia rubecula: Vine. 
Bourne. 3, rubisca: Du Cange. 

—, ragged-; *Lychnis flos cucu! i, 
Linn. 

rovust : 1, robustus. Hor. Od. 
2 izes mind, robusti animi, Cic. 
Off. 1, 20, 67: more T. (nourishing) 
food, robustior cibus, Cels. 2, 18. f 
validus: Vv. STRONG. 3, lacertosus, 
torosus * V. MUSCULAR. 4, firmus: 
if you were more T., si firmior esses, 
Cic. Fam. 16, 5. 

robustness: 1, firmitas: gla- 
diatorial r. of body, gladiatoria totius 
corporis f., Cic. Ph. 2, 25, 63: also f 
valetudinis, Plin. 20, 5, 20. 9, robur, 
dris, n. (poet.): your powers stand firm 
in their own r., solidae stant 1obore vires, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 639. 

rochet: 1. 4 bishop’s vestment 
roccus, rochetum, supparum lineum : 
Hoffmann, Du Cange. Il. A fish: 
erythinus, Plin. H. N. 9, 16, 23- 

rock: 1. rupes: under a lofty r., 
rupe sub aeria, Virg. Georg. 4, 508: the 
loftiest 1.8, altissimae rupes, Caes. B. G. 
2,29. 2, scdpilus (pointed) : impaled 
him ona T., 8. infixit acuto, Virg. Aen. 
1,45: part of the oarsmen were dashed 
against the 7.8, pars ad scopulos allisa, 
Caes. B. C. 3,27- _ Meton. for difficulties : 
you would never have brought your plans 
in contact with those 7.8, nunquam 
eos scopulos appulisses, Cic. Rab. Perd. 
Q, 25- 3, cautes, is, f. (sharp T.): SO 
that they had no need to fear. .-. T.5s 
ut.... nibil.... cautes timerent, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 13: the r. of Marpesus, Mar- 
pesia cautes, Virg. Aen. 6, 47I- 4. 
saxum (any solid mass of stone): the 
tribunes cast him down from the Tar 











ROCK 


ROLL 


ROLL 


—_—_————oO 


peian r.. de s, Tarpeio dejecerunt, Liv. 
6, 20: hidden r.s, 8. latentia, Virg. Aen. 
1,108: Anzur, situate on gleaming rs, 
positum s. candentibus, Hor. S. 1, 5, 26. 
§, petra (a Greek word: rare in Lat.): 
sea-mews build in r.s, gaviae in petris 
aedificant, Plin. H. N. 10, 32, 48: sea- 
weed which grows on r.s near land, 
quae... juxta terram in petris nascitur, 
ib. 32, 6, 22. Phr.: living in r,s, 
saxatilis: one kind (of pigeon) the r. 
pigeon, unum genus saxatile, Var. R. R. 
3,7: mad of or into r., saxeus: Niobe 
turned into r., saxea facta, Ov. Pont. 
I, 2, 32. Fig., for without feeling: 
saxeus ferreusque es, Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 7. 
rock (v.): A, Trans.: ; 
moved, 2: cf. Mart. 3, 40,1. Also fre-— 
quent. moto, 1: to r. their tops (of oaks), 
m. cacumina, Virg. E. 6, 28. agi- 
to, 1: (the huge pine) ts rd by winds, 
ventis agitatur, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 9. 3. 
jacto, 1: Vv. TO TOss. B, Intrans.: 
1, vibro, 1: the earth trembles and 
r.s, terra tremit vibratque, Plin. H. N. 
2, 80, 82, and 82, 84. 2. vacillo, 1: 
Luer. §, 1235: with his whole body r.ing | 
from side to side, in utramque partem 
toto corpore vacillante, Cic. Brut. 60, 
216. 3. miveor, 2 (refl. pass.): the 
tops of the woods began tox, juga coepta 
m. silvarum, Virg. Aen. 6, 256. 4. 
nito, 1 (fo nod; oft. as preparatory 
to falling): towers shaken r., quassae 
nutant turres, Lucan 6, 136. 
rock-cress: *Arabis: Linn. 
rocker: 1, motor cunarum (one 
who rocks a cradle), Mart. 3, 40, 1. 
2. ciinaria (nurse): Inscr. ap. 
Gruter, p. 311, 7. 
rocket: |. A plant: Grica: Plin. 
HON. 19, 8, 44: Col. 11, 3, 29. [I 
A firework: perh. *missilis ignis. 








rocking-chair: “sella motoria. 
rock-salt: 1, sal fossicius, Varr. 
IeenKy ny) 8: 2, — fossilis, Veget. 
3, 4, 39. 8, — montanus: Col. 6, 
1, 7- 
rocky : 1, saxdsus (abounding in 


stone or rock): 1. mountains, s. montes, 
Virg. Georg. 2, 111. 2, scdpiilosus 
{having many sharp rocks or breakers) : 
@ r. sea, mare 8., Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69: 
ar. place: saxétum: Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 67. 
rod: 1, virga: with a r. he tops 
the lilies, virga lilia summa metit, Ov. 
Fast. 2,706: to be beaten with 1.s, virgis 
caedi, Cic. Verr. 3, 29, Jo: it happened 
that the lictor knocked at the door with 
his r., incidit, ut lictor forem virga per- 
cuteret, Liv. 6, 34: the right of punish- 
ment with r.s, jus virgarum, Plin. H. N. 
1 43 Dimin. virgula (a small rod 
or stick, such as one might carry walk- 
ing or riding). Q. fériila (a cane; 
for less severe punishment than virga) : 
I have smarted under the r., nos manum 
ferulae subduximus, Juv. 1, 15: to beat 
with r.s one who has deserved to suffer 
severer stripes, ferula caedere meritum 
majora subire verbera, Hor. S. 1, 3, 120. 
8. festiica (rod of manumission = 
vindicta): Pers. 5, 175. 4, arundo 
reed or cane): Petron. 134, 4: Cic. 
hil. 8, 8, 23. 
—, divining: virgula divina, Cic. 
Off. 1, 44, 158. 
—, fishing: 1, arundo, fnis, 
f.: he angles for fish with a r., captat 
arundine pisces, Tib. 2, 7, 5: I man- 
aged a line with a r., moderabar arun- 
dine linum, Ov. Met. 13, 923. 2) 
calamus: he draws in his prey with a r., 
praedam calamo tremente ducit, Mart. 
4, 30, 9. : 
——~ measuring: 1, decempéda 
oad in length): Hor. Od. 2, 15, 14: 
ic. Mil. 27, 74. 2. pertica (of any 
length ; though 10 ft. was the ordinary 
measure): Prop. 
rodomontade (subs.) : 1, mag- 
nildquentia, Liv. 44, 15. 2, vanils- 
quentia: id. 34, 24° ‘Tac. A. 6, 31. 5 
ampullae, arum (fig. for tumid lan- 
guage): Hor. A. P.g7. See also, nome 
BAST, BOMBASTIC. 
roe, roebuck: 1, cipréa: Virg. 
Aen, 10) 725. 2. caprédlus. id. Ecl. | 


| 4 5, 51: 


2, 41. A young roebuck, hinniileus: 
Hor. Od. 1, 23, 1. 

roe of fishes: 1, ova, orum, pl. : 
Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 129. 2. perh. lactes, 
ium, f.: ther. of lampreys, muracnarum 
lactes, Suet. Vitell. 13. 

rogation: |. in Rom. law: roé- 
gatio: to bring forward ar., ...r. 
ferre, Liv. 3, 65: more fully, r. ad 
plebem ferre, Liv. 33, 25: ad populum, 
Caes. B. C. 3,1: to carry a r., Yr. per- 
ferre, Cic. I]. Eccl, a litany or sup- 
plicatory procession : rogatio: Sidon. Ep. 
9,135 ib. 5, 14. 

rogue: 1, néquam (homo): this 
info: mer is a7r., sycophanta hic nequam 
est, PI.Ps. 4.7, 109: O the r.,O hominem 
nequam, Cic. Phil. 2, 31. 2. furciter: 
er -Anar: 3) cg. 12, 3. trifurcifer : 
Pl. Aul. 2, 4, 47. 4, vétérator (old 
r.): @ great r., v. magnus, Cic. Q. F. 2, 
13. 5, scélestus: touch me not, you 
r.! ne me attingas, sceleste! Ter. Andr. 
I think you an arrant r., 
scelestissimum te arbitror, Pl. Amph. 2, 
1,2. Phr.: anicer., artificem probum, 
Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 29: arch r., scelerum 
caput, Pl, Pers. 4, 5,33 flagitiorum prin- 
ceps, Cic. Verr. 5, I, 4. 

— elephant: elephas solitarius, 
Plin. H. N. 8, 8, 8. ia 

roguery, ro; snness: 
quitia, Cie.” R. shea 6, med.: Hor. 
Also, nequities, éi: Hor. S. 2, 2, 131. 

2. fraus: v. DISHONESTY, FRAUD. 
3, militia (cunning knavery) : un- 

less it had been a piece of your r., nisi tua 
malitia fuisset, Cic. Att. 15, 26. 

roguish ; néquam, malitidsus, ete. : 
V. KNAVISH. Faceté: she hid herself, 
the r. creature! delituit mala, Pl. Rud. 
2, 5, 9: that most r. girl, pessima 
puella, Catull. 33, 9. See also, pis- 
HONEST, WICKED, 


1, né- 


roguishly : 1, wmialitidse: PI. 
Mil. 3, 3,14. 2, ddlosé: Cic. Off. 3, 
15,61. 3, fraudiilenter: Col. 1, 8, 18. 


4, faceté: scélest€: you r. sus- 
pect, tu sceleste suspicaris, Cic. Att. 6, 


I, 5. 
roll (v.): A, Trans.: 1, volvo, 
vi, vélutum, 3: Simois r.s the dead 
bodies of heroes, fortia corpora volvit, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 101: to r. the eyes, v. 
oculos, ib. 4, 363: horses are r.’d over 
half-dead, semianimes volvuntur equi, 
ib. 11,635. Freq. vélito,1: r. the sound 
up and down the halls, yocem per atria 
volutant, ib. 1, 725: the jars ought to 
be r/d over the ground, amphoras per 
terram volutari oportet, Col. 12, 48: the 
dust in which the mule has rolled herself, 
in quo se mula volutaverit, Plin. H. N. 
30, 16. 2. verso, 1 (keep turning): 
Sisyphus 7.8 the stone, versat saxum, 
Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10: he r.s him- 
self upon the wounded place, suo se in 
vulnere versat, Virg. Aen. 11, 669. 
Intrans., mostly in poet. sense : ils 
volvor, 3 (pass. refl.): rs on his head, 
volvitur in caput. Virg. Aen. 1, 116. 
2, volito, 1: ring, he clung to his 
knees, genibus volutans haerebat, ib. 3, 
607. Pass. refl. vOlutor, 1: tor. in the 
dust (of fowls), in pulvere volutari, Varr. 
R. R. 3,9, 7: 7.’ with his whole body, 
toto corpore volutatus est, Suet. Cal. 
42. 8. labor, lapsus, 3: the tear r.s 


Jrom my eyes, |, ex oculis gutta meis, 


Ov. Trist. 1, 3, 4. 4, mano, 1 (to ooze, 
run in drops): warm drops r. from the 
tree, Manant ex arbore guttae, id. Met. 
10, 500. 5, verso, 1 (to turn over 
and over): Irescued thee r.ing in the 
eddy of death, versantem turbine lethi 
eripui, Catull. 59, 149. 6. verto, 3 (in 
same sense; except that verso is fre- 
quent.): the produce of the ring year, 
vertentis fructum anni, Prop. 4, 2, 11. 
7, undo, 1 (in billows): the r.ing 
Ister, undantem Istrum, Claud. Ruf. 1, 
184: streams r.’d from the mountains, 
montibus nndabant, Petron. 123, 190. 
— back: révolvo, 3: he lay rd 
back on the sand, revolutus arena, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 336. Vass. refl., revolutus amnis, 
Tac. H. 5, 14. 
—— between: interfundor, 3: Styx 


| r.ing between, Styx interfusa, Virg. G 
| 4, 480. Sicily rent away with the sea 
r.ing ULetween, interfuso muri avulsa, 
Plin. H. N. 3, 8, 14. 
roll down: |. Trans.: dévolvo, 3: 
they r. stones on the machine, saxa in 
musculum devolvunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 11. 
|]. [ntrans.: 1, décurro, 3: 4 
river r.ing from the mountain, monte 
decurrens amnis, Hor, Oud. 4, 2, 5. ya 
défiuo, xi, xum : her robe r.’d down to her 
Jeet, pedes vestis defluxit ad imos, Virg. 
Aen. I, 4° 4. : 
— forwards: prolabor, 3: they 
saw Marcellus ring forwards from his 
horse, prolabentem ex equo, Liv. 27, 27. 
out (unroll): volvo, 3: v. To 
UNROLL. 
over: @volvo, 3: Typhoeus la- 
bours to r. over great mountuins, luce 
| tatur...magnos e. montes, Uv. Met. 5, 
355. 
—— over and over: pervolvo, 3: 
I will r. you o. and o. in tie mud, te 
ibidem pervolvam in luto, Ter. Andr. 
4, 5, 38. 











over, or forward: prévolvo, 
3: Iwill r. him o. into the road, une 
mediam in viam provolvam, ler. Ands, 
4, 5,38: (the townspeople) r. fire-barrels 
on to the works, cupas ardentes in opera 
provolvunt, Caes, B. G. 8, 42: the multi- 
tude having cast themselves (r.’d for- 
| ward) at his feet, quum se... turba ad 
pedes (ei) provolvisset, Liv. 6, 3. 

— round: circumféro, tili, latum, 
3: r.ing his fierce eyes r. the nobles, cir- 
cumferens truces oculos ad proceres, Liv. 
2, 10: 7.8 r. his silent looks, circumfert 
tacitos... vultus, Ov. Met. 3, 241. 

— round: 1, circumfundor, 3 
(pass. refl.): (a race) inaccessible from 
streams ring round, circumfusis invia 
fluminibus, Ov. Fast. 5, 582. 2. cir- 
cumvolvor, 3 (pass. refl.): the sun rs r. 
the great yearly circle, magnum circum- 
volvitur annum, Virg. Aen. 3, 284. 

— to: advolvo, 3: r.’d (wood) to 
the fire-places, robora advolvere focis, 
Virg. Georg. 3, 378. 

— together (twist, curl): 1, 
convolvo, 3: the snake curling his scaly 
back, squamea convolvens terga, Virg. 
Georg. 3, 426. 2. gliméro, 1: r.'d the 
wool together into balls, lanam glomer- 
abat in orbes, Ov. Met. 6, 19: bees r. 
themselves together into a mass, glome- 
rantur in orbem, Virg. G. 4, 79. 

— up (from below); subvolvo, 3: 
to r.up stones with their hands, s. saxa, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 424. 

—— up, or upon: involvo, 3: tor, 
Olympus upon Ussa, Ossae i. Olympum, 
Virg. G. 1, 282: with arm r.d up 
(wrapped) down to the Jingers, manu 
ad digitos usque involuta, Liv. 1, 21. 

roll (subs.) - 1, vdlimen, inis, n. 
(anything rolled together ; esp.a servll): 
public records began to be made on rs af 
lead, soon afterwards private ones on rs 
of linen, publica monumenta plumbeis 
voluminibus, mox et privata linteis 
confici coepta, Plin. H. N. 13, 11, 21 
the snakes curl their backs in a r., sinu- 
ant volumine terga, Virg. Aen. 2, 208. 

2. gyrus (cowl): ib. 5, 85. 3. 
orbis, is, m.: a 7. of wool, laneus orbis, 
Prop. 4, 6, 6. 4, (architect.) volita: 
Vitr. 4, 1, 9. 5, astriigilus (like pre- 
ced.): id. 3, 5, 3 (3, 3,8). Also, astragalum 
cymatium, id. 6, scipus: a r. of 
paper, Plin. 13, 12, 23. 7, rotilus 
(document): Calp. Sic. 7, 5; Du Cange. 

8. pubdlic-r.s, fasti, Liv. 9, 18: master 
of the r.s, *rotulorum magister. 

— of bread, or bun: 1. col- 
lfra: Pl. Pers. 1, 3, 12. Q. collfris 
idis, f.: Vulg. 2 Sam. vi. 19: Aug. Gen. 
ad lit. 8, 5, 11. 

— of hair (kind of chignon): col- 
lfris or collyria, ert, Cult. Fem. 2, 7. 
of sweetmeat: pastillus, Cels. 
5,17, 2: Gr. rpoxioKos. . 

—— of names (roll-call, list): 1. 
index, icis, m.: the r. of philosophers 
index philosophorum, Sen. Ep. 39, 2 

2. album: he struck him off the r., 
albo judicum erasit, Suet. Claud. 16 


695 








ROLLER 





Phr.: to call over the r., per nomina 
citare, Col. 11, 1, 22: he ordered the r. 
of the senatois to be called over, patres 
in curiam citari jussit, Liv. 1, 47: to 
answer to the r., ad nomina respondere, 
Liv. 9, 4. 

roller: 1, cylindrus: the floor must 
be smoothed with a r., area aequanda 
cylindro, Virg. G. 1, 178. 2. pha- 
langae (plur.): having placed 1.s 
underneath, subjectis phalangis, Caes. 
B. C. 2, ro. 
the galleys across by means of 1.8, 
biremes...subjectis scutulis transduxit, 
ib. 3,40. Phr.: rollers, lapsus rotarum, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 235. 

rolling (adj.): voltibilis, e: the r. 
river, amnis v., Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 43. 

Roman: 1. Romanus: Cic. 2, 
tégatus: R. Gaul, Gallia t., Cic. Phil. 8, 
Gsr2 7: 8. Quiris, itis (a R. citizen), 
rarely used in sing. nom.: presents from 
a R. friend, amici dona Quiritis, Hor. Ep. 
1, 6,7: R.s, Quirites, Cic. Manil. 1, 1. 

romance (subs.): 
believe 7.s, fabulis credere, Cic. Div. 2, 
55, 113: romance! fabulae! Ter. Andr. 
I, 3,18: Milesian r.s, Milesiae (fabulae), 
Capitol. Albin. 1. 9, mendacium 
(lie): r.s of poets, mendacia vatum, Ov. 
Fast. 6, 253. 

romance (v.): fabiilor, 1: PI. Truc. 
I, 2, 86. 

romancer (subs.), or romancing 
adj.) : ]. fabalator: Herodotus a r., 
... homo f., Gell. 3, 10, 11. 
Vv. LYING. 


9. mendax: 


romantic : |. Fabulous : perh. 
commenticius : vV. IMAGINARY. il. 
Chivalrous: sublimis: r. deeds, sub- 


limia facinora, Apul. Flor. 1, 7, p. 344, 
Elm. Phr.: a r. story, miraculum : 
they add r. stories..., adjiciunt mira- 
cula huic pugnae, Liv. 2, 7. 

romantically : perh. fabulose: v. 
FABULOUSLY. 

romp, romping (swvbs.):  lusus, 
lascivia, etc.: Vv. SPORT, GAMBOL, WAN- 
TONNESS. 

romp (v.): exsulto, lido: v. TO SPORT, 
FROLIC, GAMBOL. 

romping (adj.): lascivus: v. FROLIC- 
SOME, PLAYFUL. 

rood: A. Measure of land: * ju- 
geri Anglici pars quarta. B. The 
Cross: V. CEOSS. 

roof: 1, tectum: the portico had 
advanced almost as far as the r., pene ad 
tectum pervenerat, Cic. Att. 4, 3: panelled 
r.s, tecta laqueata, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 12: a 
shingle r., tectum scandulare, Apul. Met. 
3, 17, p. 137, Elm: a vaulted r., tectum 
testudineatum, Col. 12, 15, I. 2, cul- 
men (chiefly poet.): ZT mount up to the 
battlements of the r., evado ad summi fas- 
tigia culminis, Virg. Aen. 2, 458: the r.s 
of houses, domorum culmina, ib. 445: the 
r. had been taken off the temple, detractum 
culmen templo, Liv. 42, 3. Also, coli- 
men (rare); dwells on the r.s of the farm- 
house, habitat in coiuminibus villae, Varr. 
R. R.3,9,1.  §. fastigium: v. GABLE. 
Phr.: under the same r., sub isdem tra- 
bibus, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 28: dove-cctes in the 
7.8 (lit. the tiles) columbaria in tegulis, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 11: under Pericles’ r., 
in domo Periclis, Nep. Alc. 2: he will 
invite me under his 7., hospitio invitabit, 
Cic. Phil. 12, 9: wnder my own r., domi 
meae, Cic. Fam. 13, 69; I rejoice that 
Brutus has been under my r., Brutum 
spud me fuisse gaudeo, id. Att. 15, 3: 
r-timbers, tigilli, Tib. 2, 1, 40. 

roof (v.): 1, tégo, xi, tum, 3: a 
cottage r.’d with straw, casa tecta stra- 
mine, Ov. Met. 5, 447: so, stramentis 
tecta, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: to 7. with shingle, 
scandulis f., Pallad. 1, 22. 2. con- 
tégo, 3: Isid. Orig 15, 12,1: Rome, r.’d 
with shingle up to the time of ...., scan- 
dula contecta usque ad ...., Plin. 16, 
Io, 15. 3, intégo, 3: Liv. 27, 3. 

roofing; tégiilum: they cover their 
houses with a r. of reeds, tegulo arun- 
dinum domos suas operiunt, Plin. 16, 
36, 64. See also ROOF. 
_ roofless: 1, hypaethrus: ». build- 
ings, a h., Vitruv. 4, 2. 2, de- 


3. sciittla: he carried | 


1, fabila: to) 





ROOT 


tectus: a7. temple. detecta aedes, Nep. 
Att. 20. 8, nudatus: that the r. 
building was open to the rains, n. tectum 
patere imbribus, Liv. 42, 3. Phr.: that 
the temple was almost 7., prope omni 
tecto nudatum (templum), id. 27, 4. 
rook (subs.): A. The bird: cor- 
vus *frugilegus: Wood. B, At chess: 
* turris. 
rookery: corvorum cubilia: cf. Virg. 
Georg. 1, 410: *silva corvis frequens. 
room: |. Space: 1, spatium : 
between the two armies so much r. had 
been left, inter duos exercitus tantum 
erat relictum spatii, Caes. B. C. 3, 92: 
r. for exercising the horses, spatium 
agitandi equos, Nep. Eum. 5: v. SPACE. 
92. locus: they saw that no r. was 
made for him by his countrymen, \. ei 
a suis civibus nusquam datum, Cic. Sen. 
18, 63: make r. jor your betters, da |. 
melioribus, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37: theve 
would be no 7. for justice or goodness, 
nec justitiae ullus esset nec bonitati L., 
Cic. Fin. 3;, 20; 66: Il. Place of 
another: stead: vicis (gen.): into the 
r of him who has departed out of 
life, in vicem ejus, qui e vita emigra- 
verit, Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 48: punishment 
had passed into the r. of loyalty, 
poena in vicem fidei cesserat, Liv. 6, 34. 
Phr.: r. to be given betiveen the casles, 
doliis intervalla dari, Plin. 14, 21, 27: 
(they saw that) they had made r. for the 
old man, senem illum sessum recepisse, 
Cic. Sen. 18, 63: not to have r.enough to 
sit, anguste sedere, Cic. in Macr. Sat. 2, 
3: not to have r, for using ...., non 
habere ubi utaris ...., Cic. I. An 
apartment: 1, conclave, is, .: having 
gone into the same r., quum in idem c. 
. lisset, Cic. R. Am. 23, 64: the sick r., 
c. in quo cubat aeger, Cels. 4, 3. 2. 
coenaciilum (originally, dining-r. : later, 
ar, at the top of a house: meals having 
anctently been taken in an upper storey) : 
ar. was given at the top of the house, 
c. super aedes datum est, Liv. 39, 14: 
they called the room where they ate coe- 
naculum, ubi coenabaut, c. vocitabant, 
Varr. L. L. 5, 162. 8, coenatio (din- 
ing-r.): Plin. Ep. 2,17,12- Juv. Also 
freq. called triclinium (strictly, a set of 
three couches): Varr.: Plin. min. 4, 
cubictilum (@ sleeping r.): he was intro- 
duced into the sleeping 7., in ¢, intro- 
ductus est, Cic. Verr. 3, 23, 56: sleeping 
r.s for day and night, c. diurna noctur- 
naque, Plin. Ep. t, 3, 1. Called also, 
dormitorium cubiculum, ib. 5, 6, 21: 
and simply, dormitorium, Plin. H. N. 
30, 6, 17. 5, cella (small): Cic. Att. 
14, 19, extr.: a little r., cellila: Petron. 


11. (Diaeta is not a single room but a 
suite of rooms: y. Gierig ad Plin. Ep. 
25/045 12.) 

roominess: ], laxitas: Cic. Off. 
I, 39, 139. 2, amplitido: v. spa- 
CIOUSNESS. 

roomy: 1, laxus: to make his 


house more 7., Quo laxior fieret ipsius 
(domus), Vell. 2, 81: Sen. 2. spa- 
tidsus: a 7. stable, s. stabulum, Col. 6, 
2,2. 3, capax (able to contain: best 
used with depend. gen.): the Circus r. 
enough for the people, C. capax populi, 
Ov. A. A. I, 136. Join: spatiosa et 
capax domus, Plin. Ep. 7, 27. 

roost (subs.): pertica: v. PERCH. 

roost (v.): 1, stabiillor, 1: Varr. 
RAR sy: 9, insisto, stiti, 3: it is 
not good for the bird tor. on floors, tabu- 
latis insistere dormientem avem non 
expedit, Col. 8, 3,7. 3, ciibito, 1: ib. 
Ir, 17. 4, insideo, s€di, ssum, 2: Col. 
8, 9, 10: V. PERCH. 

root (subs.): |, Lit.: 1, radix, 
icis, f.: a pine torn up by the r.s, radi- 
cibus eruta pinus, Virg. Aen. 5, 449: 
they cling together by common 7.s, 
communibus inter se radicibus haerent, 
Luer, 3, 326: true glory sends forth r,s, 
radices agit, Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43: from the 
r. (base) of the Palatine hill, a Palatii 
radice, id. Div. 1, 45, 101: of the tongue: 
Ov. Met. 6, 557: of a word: Varr. L. L. 
5,3. Phr.: by the ., radicitus, Col. 6, 
3,1. to pluck up evils by the r.s, mala 








ROPE 





radicitus evellere, Lucr. 3, 311. To take 
7.: (1) coalesco, ui, 3 (to grow well to- 
gether): until the new branch takes r. 
in the bark, dum novus in viridi coa- 
lescit cortice ramus, Ov. A. A. 2, 649: 
an ilex had taken r. between the stones, 
coaluerat inter saxa, Sall. Jug. 93. (2 
comprehendo, di, sum, 3 (to lay hold wit: 
the Jibres of the roots): when the sucker 
has taken 7., qUum comprehendit (sur- 
culus), Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6: although 
the stocks take r. easily, quamvis stirpes 
celeriter comprehendant, Col. 3, 5, 1. 
(3) téneo, ui, tentum, 2 (lixe preced.) : 
when the vine has taken r.. quum ten- 
uerit, Col. 5, 6, 18: ib. 3, 11,10. Q, 
stirps, pis, 7. (trunk, stock) : to pluck up 
the white hairs by the ~., vellere ... 
albos a stirpe capillos, Prop. 3, 23, 33- 
I]. Fig.: 1, fons, ntis, m. (Joun- 
tain, source or spring): that was ther. 
of this evil, is fons mali hujusce fuit, 
Liv. 39, 15: of a word: Varr. L. L. 5, 
17,92.  Q, drigo, inis, f.: sprung from 
the r. of a Roman stock, ab origine ul- 
tima stirpis Romanae generatus, Nep. 
Att. 1: of a word: Varr. L. L. 5, 92. 
3. of a word: basis: Non. Mare. 
2; p- 79- A F 
root (v.)> =‘ J,_Lit., to strike roots, 
become rooted: 1, radices agere: Ov. 
R. A. 106 (1. altius agere, to 7. the more 
deeply): Cic. (fig.) : also, r, capere, Cato, 
R. R. 133. Cf. Virg. G. 2, 2yt, radice 
ad Tartara tendere, to r. downwards. 
2. radicor, 1 (only as gardener’s 
word: rare): vine-layers readily r., 
mergi facile r., Col. 4, 2,2. 3, compre- 
hendo, téneo (to get hold of the ground, 
viz. by means of root-filres): Vv. ROOT, 
subs. (L., 2). Poet. phr. terrae (= in terra) 
defigi: Virg. G. 2,290. |], Meton., 
only in p. part. rooted, i.e. rendered 
motionless, by Jear or some other cause. 
1, expr. by fixus, defixus (strength- 
ened from preced.): the Gauls stood 
rd, (to the ground) with jear, pavore 
defixi steterunt, Liv. 5, 39: I stood rd 
(to the ground), stabam defixus, Calp. 7, 
37. Q, by stiipeo, 2, obstiipesco, 3 (to 
be or become stupified with amazement, 
etc.): ef. Virg. Aen. 1, 495, stupet obtu- 
tuque haeret defixus in uno: also, Hor. 
Od. 2, 13, 13, carminibus stupens (rooted 
to the spot, lost in admiration): v. 
AMAZED, STUPIFIED, TO BE. 38, inséro, 
sévi, situm, 3 (toimplant)._ ||], Fig.,to 
be or become r.’d., i.e. firmly established. 
1, invétéro, 1, or inveterasco, 3, the opi- 
nion has become rd, inveteravit opinio, 
Cic. Verr. 1,1, 1: a@ deeply r.’d hatred, 
invidia inveterata, id. Cluent.1,1. 2, 
inhaereo, si, sum, 2: to be deeply r.’d in 
the mind, i. in mentibus, Cic. Tusce. 1, 
15, 33. Join: (opinio) inhaerens et 
penitus insita, ib. 4, 11, 26. 3. exp. 
by figo, xi, xum, 3 (plant or fix): 
this evil has r.'d itself so deeply, adeo 
penitus hoc se malum fixit, Sen. Trang. 
15, 5: tf this were not a r.d principle 
with me, si mihi non animo fixum ... 
sederet, Virg. Aen. 4, 15. 
root-up: V- UPROOT. 
rootedly; pénitus: an opinion so r. 
fied, opinio tam p. insita, Cic. Clu. 1, 4. 
rootlet;: radiciila: Col. 2, rt, 19. 
rope: 1. fiinis, is, m.: the rs 
which fastened the yards to the masts, 
funes qui antennas ad malos destina- 
bant, Caes. B. G. 3, #4: Virg. Dimin., 
faniculus: Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154. Od. 
restis, is, f. (usu. a thinner kind of r., 
Habicht): the maidens marched, holding 
a r. with their hands, per manus reste 
data virgines 1ncesserunt, Liv. 27, 37. 
Dimin., resticulus: Warr. R. R. 1, 41, 5. 
3, riidens, ntis, usu. m.; less freq. 
F.(cordage): the rattle of the r.s, stridor 
rudentum, Virg. Aen. 1, 87: I twine this 
r. for you, hanc tibi ... rudentem com- 
plico, Pl. Rud. 4,3,1. 4, rétinacilum 
(mooring-cable): the ships loose the r.s, 
solvunt retinacula naves, Ov. Met. 15, 
696. 5. vincilum: v. BAND, CHAIN, 
6. laqueus: v. HALTER. Pbhr.: wire 
r., textus adamas, Sen. Her. F. 807: 7. of 
thongs, loreus funis, Cat. 5, 3: to make @ 
r. of sand, ex arena funem efficere, Cok 











ROPE, TIGHT 


weaving 7.8. of sand, de 


to, praef. 5: 
Tren. 2, 


arena resticulas nectentes, 
Io, I. 

rope, tight: fiinis extentus: to dance 
on the t-r., ire per extentum funem, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 210: will dance steadily 
on the t.-r., certa per extentos ponet 
vestigia funes, Manil. 5, 653. Also, in- 
tentus f., Sen. Ir. 2, 13,2: and con- 
tentus f., Hor. S. 2, 7, 20. 

—— -dancer: 
Ter. Hec. prol. 1, 4: r.-dancing elephants, 
elephanti funambuli, Suet. Galb. 6. 

9. schoenbbates: Juv. 3, 77- 
rope-maker : 1, restio, dnis: 
Suet. Aug. 2. 9. restiarius, Fronto. 
rope-walk: locus ubi funes tex- 
untur: v. Plin. r3, 11, 22. 

ropiness: 77 wine, faex: Plin. H.N. 
31, 8, 44. Z 

ropy: 1, faeciilentus: r. wine, 
f. vinum, Col. 2,2, 20. 2. glitindsus: 
Cels. 5,26,20. 3, viscdsus: Pull. 1, 14. 

rosary: |. A collection of roses: 
1, résarium: rs of /’aestum, r. 
Paesti, Virg. G. 4,119. 2, rosétum: 
id. Ecl. 5, 17. I. For devotional use : 
1, résarium: Du Cange. 2, com- 
pitus, or compiitum, id. 

rose: rosa: drinking in a bower of 
7.s, potans in rosa, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 65: 
to be crowned with rose garlands, sertis 
redimiri et rosa, id. Tusc. 3, 18, 43. Of 
r.s, made of r.s, roseus: Sen.: Claud. 
Also, rosaceus: Plin. 

—-bud: ciilyx rosae: Plin. 21, 
4, Io. 

—  -bush:: friitex rosae: Col. Arb. 
I, 2: Plin. 21, 4, 10. 

1. spongia .. 
caule: Plin. H. N. 29, 


rhodi quae fit in 


4, 30. 2. spongiola: ib. 25, 2, 6. 
-——, pealder: *viburnum opulus, 
Linn.: Benth. 
—oilof: 1. rhédinum (oleum): | 
Plin. 13, 1, 2. 2, rosaiceum: ib. 15, 
1 1 


—— ointment: 1, ceratum ex 
rosa factum, Cels. 6, 18. 
rosae, Plin. 13, 1, 2. 

—,rock: 1, *helianthemum vul- 
gare. 9. *cistus tomentosus, Benth. 

——-water: vinum e rosae foliis 
factum : see Plin. 14, 16, 19, § 104. 

—., wild or dog: ], silvestris 
rosa quae cynorrhodus appellatur, Plin. 
HN. 8, 41, 63° d.-roses, cynorrhoda, ib. 

14, 14. 2. rosa cinina: Veget. 

eter. 3, 84, 2. 

—— -wood: perh. aspalathos: Plin. 
12, 24, §2. 

roseate, or rose-coloured: v. RosY. 

rosemary : 1. libanotis; other- 
wise called ros marinum: Plin. 19, 11, 
62. (But ros is usu. masc.) 9. ros 
marinus: Hor. Od. 3, 23, 15. 8, ros 
maris: Ov. Met. 12, 410. 

rosin or resin: résina: Plin. 16, 
II, 22: Mart. 12, 32, 21. 

rostrum: 1. rostra, drum, 7. pl.: 
Liv. 8,14: your colleague was sitting in 
the r., sedebat in rostris collega tuus, Cic. 
Phil. 2, 34, 85. 2. suggestus, fis; or 
suggestum: Caes,: Liv.: v. PLATFORM. 

rosy: 1, réseus: r. neck, r. cer- 
vix, Virg. Aen. 1, 402: 7. cheelcs, roseae 
genae, ib. 12,606. 2, résaceus: Plin. 
21, 3,6 8, also perhaps purpireus: 
V. PURPLE. (Cf. Hor. Od. 3, 15, 15, 
flos purpureus rosae.) Phr.: Paestanis 
aemula labra rosis (wieing with the roses 
of Paestum), ib. 4, 42, 10. 

Trot (v.): A, Intrans.: To be 
rotten: 1, pittesco, piitresco, or pi- 
tisco, putui, 3: the olive will r,, olea 
putescet, Cato R. R. 3: to prevent the 
+d rom 7.ing, ne putisceret (sus), Cic. 

- D. 2, 64, 160: Hor. S. 2, 3, 119. 

2. putréfio, factus, fitri: Ov. Met. 
15, 389. so that the seeds may r., ut 
semina putrefiant, Pallad. 1, 33. SH 
friicesco, fricui, 3 (to grow soft and fer- 
ment as fruit does): Varr. R. R. 1, 55: 
Cato R. R. 128. 4, tabesco, tabui, 3: 
Lucr. 3, 580. 5. corrumpor ( pass.) : 
Lam r.ing with neglect, corrumpor situ, 
PL Truc 5,23. B. Trans: 1, pu- 
tréficio, 3: the house is open to be rd 


e 


1, finambilus : | 


. cynor- | 


9, unguentum | 


ROUGH 


by the rain, tectum patere putretaci- 
endum imbribus, Liv. 42, 3: (he ground 
7.8 the seeds placed therein, terra putre- 
facit deposita semina, Col. 3,12, 1. 2, 
pérédo, édi, sum, 3: the skin covers the 
bones after the limbs. hive been r.'d 
away, membris cutis tegit ossa peresis, 
| Sil. 14, 605. 8, corrumpo, 3 (to spoil 
in any way): Vv. TO SPOIL. 

rot or rottenness (subs.) : 1 

putrédo; Apul. Met. 9, £3, p. 222, Elm 
Vulg. Prov. xii.4.  Q, caries, Gi- Cels. 
8,2: the boat is turned into r.ness, ver- 
titur in teneram cariem (cymba), Ov. 
‘Trist. 5, 12, 27: when r. begins to grow 
under it, carie subnascente ei, Plin. 16, 
39, 74- 3, tabes, is, f. (disease 
| causing to waste away): when r. has 
atiacked a tree, quum tabes invasit ar- 
borem, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 232. 

—— in sheep's feet: clavi ‘pl.), Col. 7, 
Ade 

rotate: Vv. TO REVOLVE. 

rotary or rotatory: 1, versatilis, 
e (turning round and round): Lucr. 
5, 1436: Plin. 2. rotabilis: Amm. 
Marc. 23,4. 3, rotatilis: Sidon. Ep. 2, 
9. (Or expr. by circuml., 7. motion, 
| *motus qualis rotae solet fieri.) 
rotation: 1, rétatio. Vitruv. to, 


1, intt. 9, rétatus, is: Stat. Ach. 
2, 416. 8. of a sling: tortus, us: ib. 
42. 4, turbo, inis, m.: the r. of the 


shy, t. caeli, Lucr. 5,624 : by a movement 
of v., momento turbinis, Pers. 5, 78: 
Virg. Aen. 11, 284.  §, conversio: v. 
REVOLUTION. 6, Vicissittido: 7, of 
command, v. imperitandi, Liv. 3, 39. 
Phr.: in7.: (1). inorbem. the husband- 
man’s toil returns in its r., redit ... 
labor actus in orbem, Virg. Georg. 2, 
gor. (2), ordine. before that the opi- 
nions were asked in r., priusquam ordine 
| rogarentur sententiae, Liv. 3, 39. (3). 
in ordine, Virg. Ecl. 7, 20. (4). per 
ordinem, Qnint. 4, 2,72. (5). expr. by 
alternus: Vv. ALTERNATELY. 

rote: Phr.: by rote: mémoriter: a 
speech spoken by 7., cratio habita m., 
| Cic. Acad. 4, 19, 63 . repeating by 7., m. 
pronuntians, id. de Or. 1, 19, 88: to 
learn by r., ediscere, Quint. 11, 2, 46: 
v. TO LEARN. 

rotten: 1, putridus- 7. leeth, 
dentes p., Cic. Pis. t, 1: @ building 
r. and ready to fall, aedificium p. ac 
ruens, Sen. Ep. 58, 32. Also, patidns: 
r. flesh, p. caro, Cic. Pis. 9, 19: 7. leaf- 
age, frons putida, Cato R. R. 37, 2. 

2. cariosus (esp. of bones): a 7. 

bone, os c., Cels. 8, 2, init.: r. teeth, c. 
dentes, Phaedr. 5, 10,5. 3, marcidus 
(weak and giving way) rafters r, with 
age, marcidi vetustate asseres, Vitr. 
2, 8, extr. 4, tabidus: Virg. Aen. 3, 
137. 5, pérésus (eaten through) : 
JSleeces r. with disease and corruption, 
morbo illuvieque p., id. G. 3, 561. 6. 
foetidus (stinking): r. fish, pisces f., 
Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 34. 7, rancidus: 7. 
carcases, rancida cadavera, Lucr. 6, 1153. 
Phr.: a r. foundation, fundamentum 
instabile, Plin. 36, 14, 21. 

rotunda: 1, aedes rétunda. Vi- 
tr.4,7. 2, thdlus: Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 12. 





rotundity : 1, rétunditas: Plin. 
39, 11, 73. 2. rdtundus ambitus: 
Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49. Also, rotunda 


figura: ib.: forma rotunda, ib. 1, 10, 24. 
8, gloébdsitas: the vr. of the earth, 

terrae g., Macr. 1, 16. 4. sphaeralis 
convexitas : ib. 

rouge (subs.); fiicus, médicimen- 
tum, etc.: v. PAINT. Also, purpirissum : 
Pl. Most. 1, 3, 104 (purpurissus, Hier.). 

rouge (v.): fico, expingo: v. To 
paint (A. II., 2 and 3). 

rouged: purpiirissfitus: Pl. True. 2, 
2, 35. Also, fiicatus: v. TO PAINT. 

rough: jf, Lit. 1, asper: ar. 
Grameble, rubus asper, Virg. Ecl. 3, 89: a 
1. voice, a. Vox, Quint. 11, 3, 15: 7. wine, 
a. vinum, Ter. Heaut. 3, I, 49. 2. 
horridus (bristling): 7. tn_a dress of 
bearskin, h. in pelle ursae, Virg. Aen. 5, 


37: a 7. tempest, h, tempestas, Hor. roughness: 
Epod. 13, 1: 7. waves, h. fluctus, ib. 10, | aspéritas: 7. of 
3: thickets of r. Sylvanus, bh. dumeta| N. D. 2 39, 98 








ROUGHNESS 


er ___—___ 


Sylvani, id. Od. 3, 29, 22. Also, hor- 
rens, ntis: Virg. G. 3, 315. 3, birtus 
(prop. with hair): r. bristles, h. setae, 
Ov, Met. 13, 850° ar. tunic, h. tunica, 
Nep. Dat. 3. 4, hirsfitus (prop. 
with hair): winter with r. hair, biems 
canos hirsuta capillos, Ov. Met. 2, 30 
r. brambles, h. vepres, Virg. G. 3, 
144: 1r. with thorns, spinis h., Cic. 
N. D. 2, 47, 121. 5, hispidus: a r 
(wrinkled) face, facies b., Hor. Od. 4, 
IO, §. 6. scaber, bra, brum (:ith m- 
equalities of surface): r. paper (bad 


Jor writing on), s. chartae, Plin. Ep. 8, 


2 


15: 7. tufa, tofus s., Virg. G. 2, 214. 

7. ridis (in tts natural state, not 
polished): a spear r. with knots, basta 
rudis nodis, id. Aen. 10, 743. 8 


confragosus (rugged): a place r. with 


stones, lapidibus c., Col. 2, 2, 8 9. 
silébrosus (presenting difficulties to 
one ales Si r. stones, 8. Saxa, 
Ov. Her. 4, 103. 10. sentus (foul 


and showing signs of neglect: rare): 
places r. with neglect, loca senta situ, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 462. ll. impélitus: r 
masonry, i. lapidum structurae, Quint, 
8, 6, 63. 12. inaequalis- r. storms 
(making the sea r.), inaequales procellae, 
Hor. Od. 2, 9, 3. 13. sqnalens, ntis 
(stiff and r.): @ breastplate r. with 
gold, s. auro lorica, Virg. Aen. 12, 87. 
I]. Of the weather: inclémens, 
atrox, etc.: v. INCLEMENT. I. 4m 
disposition, manner, or personal ap- 
pearance : 1, incomtus (esp. of the 
hair): Suet. Aug. (incomptiore ca- 
pillo). Fig.: in r Gru) verse, versi- 
bus i., Virg. G. 2, 386. 9. incultus- 
r. and ill-made verses, versus i. et male 
nati, Hor. Ep. 2, 1,233. Join: (homo) 
durus, incultus, horridus, Cic. : 
agrestis: V. CHURLISH, BOORISH. 4. 
dirus: v. HARSH. §, hirtus: ar. dis- 
position, ingenium h., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 22. 
Phr.: a 7. diamond, ingenium impoli- 
tum, Cic. Brut. 85, 294; Ingenium ingens 
sub inculto corpore latens, Hor. 8. 1, 3, 
33: a@ r. word, maledictum, with re- 
*h and r. words, convicio et male- 
dictis, Cic. Q. F. 2, 3, 3. 
rough, to be, become: 1. horreo, 
ui, 2 (to bristle, as with hair): to be r. 
with hair, capillis h., Hor. Epod. §, 27: 
of the sea, Att. in Non. (horret quum 
mare fluctibus). Jncept. to become r.: 
Ov.: Cie. 2. squialeo, 2: cf. ROUGH 
(1. 13). 
rough-breathing: aspiratio: Prise, 
17, 1, 7, and 13, 5,25: Vv. ASPIRATE. 
rough-cast (v.): trullisso, 1: Vitr. 
}, 3- 
rough-cast (subs.): trullissatio- ib. 
V. WHITEWASH. 


rough-draft: Adumbratio:  v. 
SKETCH, OUTLINE. 
roughen: 1, aspéro, 1: winter 


r.s the waves, hiems a. undas, Virg. Aen. 
3,285. Strengthened, exaspero: the sea 
being rd with waves, exasperato flucti- 
bus mari, Liv. 37, 12. 2. horrifico, 
1 (v. rare): Zephyr ring the waves, 
horrificans undas, Catull. Epith. Pel. §9, 
271. Phr.: to r. horses, calceos or 
soleas clavis contra glaciem munire- 
Veget. Veter. 2, 55, 4: Amm. Mare. 

14, 6. 

Sorneh Hew: ddlo, 1: he r.-h.’d his 
work as well as he could, opus sicut 
potuit dolavit, Cic. de Or. 2, 13, §4: a 
stock r.-hewn with hasty aze, stipes pro- 
peranti falce dolatus, Prop. 4, 2, 59. 

roughish: __ 1. horridilus (slightly 
rough or unpolished): cf. Cic, Att. 2, 

1, {, horridula atque incompta (of bte- 
rary execution). 9. diriuscilus 
(somewhat harsh): Plin. Ep. 1, 16, med 

roughly : ], aspéré: Marcellinus 
treats Pompey rT. (harshly), M. aspere 
tractat P., Cic. Q. Fr. 2,6, 4: V. HARSHLY. 
2. diriter; rarely, diiré: v. 
HARSHLY. 3. horridé : they addressed 
them more r., allocuti sunt... borridius 
(opp. mitius), Tac. H. 1,82. Join: ine 
culte atque horride, Cic. Quint, 18, 59. 
|. Of surfaces 1. 
rocks, saxorum a., Cic. 
(But the word is much 
697 


ROUGH-SHOD 





more comprehensive than the Eng.; usu. 
includi: g the notions of difficulty and 
danger.) Less freq. aspritudo, Cels. 6, 
6, 26; and aspredo, ib. 5, 28, 2 (in strict 
sense). 9. squalor (rare in this 
sense): Lucr, 2, 425 (opp. lévor, i.e. 
lévitas). Il. By anal. with ref. to 
the other senses: 1, aspéritas: r. 
of voue, a. vocis, Lucr. 4, 546: of wine, 
a. vini, Plin. 14, 19, 24. 9, diritia: 
id. 14, 7, 9 (of wine). Il. Of man- 
ners: 1, horror (post Aug.): no r. 
in his style of dress, nullus h. in cultu, 
Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7: 7. of style, dicendi 
h., Quint. 8, 5, 34. 9, feéritas: v. 
BRUTALITY. (More freq. expr. by adj.: 
let there be no r. of manners, *ne quid 
inculti incompositive mores habeant: 
what r of temper, *quam agreste atque 
inhumanum ingenium! ¥. ROUGH.) See 
also, HARSHNESS, RUDENESS, etc. 

rough-shod; Phr.: to ride r. 
over..., *ferratis, ut aiunt, pedibus pro- 
culcare. 

round “adj.): |. In form: a 
rétundus: the 7. world, r. polus, Hor. 
Od. 1, 28, 5: he changes square things 
for r., mutat quadrata rotundis, id. kp. 
1; 15100; 2. globosus: a r. shape, 
g. furma, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49: 7. stones, 
saxa globosa, Liv. 38, 29. 3, orbi- 
cilatus: Varr.R.R.1, 59: Plin. 4, 


térés, étis (strictly, smooth and rounded) : | 


ar. shaft of a javelin, hastile t., Liv. 


21, 8: 7. drops, t. guttae, Auson. Idyll. | 


14, 9: 7., that is, in the shape of a 
sphere, teretem, id est in sphaerae mo- 
dum, Macr.S. S. 1, 14. 5. glomérosus 
(forming a rounded ball or mass): 
bees in a 7. mass, g. apes, Col. 9, 3, I. 





6, sphaeralis (late): Macrob. Sat. | 


7, 16. 
8. circularis: Marc. Capell. 


2, 14. 
Ar. table, orbis: Mart. 2, 43,10: more | 


fully, orbis mensae: Ov. Her. 17, 87. 
|. In sense of complete: Join: 
teres atque rotundus, Hor. S. 2, 7, 86. 
Phr.: ar. sum: let a r. sum of 1000 
talents be made up, mille talenta rotun- 
dentur, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 34: to speak only 
in Tr. numbers, *ut ne subtiliter nume- 
rum exsequar, cf. Liv. 3,5: ata». 
pace, citato gradu, Liv. 28, 14: pleno 
gradu, ib. 4, 32: celeri gradu, Pl. Trin. 
3, 1, 22. 
round (subs.): |. 4 circular 
figure, or a circumference: orbis, is, m.: 
a circle or r., circulus aut orbis, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 18, 47: v. CIRCLE, CIRCUMFE- 
RENCE, Il. Meton.: circuit, course: 
gyrus: to force into a narrow r., in 
exiguum g. compellere, Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 
70. Ill. Circular motion: v. REVO- 
LUTION. IV, Succession of times or 
events: ambitus, tis: after a long r. of 
ages, post longum saeculorum a,, Tac. 
A. 6, 28. See also, CYCLE, SUCCESSION, 
V. Im boxing: congressus (in cer- 
tamine gladiatorio), Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317 
VI. Of a ladder : gradus: Virg. Aen. 
2, 443. Vil. Afusical: *cantus cir- 
cularis, qui dicitur (Anglicé, round) 
VIII. An ajficer’s x., circuitio vigi- 
liarum, Liv. 3, Phr.: to go one’s r.s, 
munus vigiliarum obire, ib.: vigilias cir- 
cumire, Sall.Jug.100. |X, Miscell. 
Phr.: r. of beef, femur bubulum trans- 
verse sectum, see Plin. H. N. 27, 9, 56: 
1. of visits, to pay, *plures apud domos 
suas salutare: per diversas domos salu- 
tationem circumferre, Sen. Brev. Vit. 
14,6: r,s of applause, plausus multi- 
plex, Cic. Sen. 18, 64: the peonle gave 
three r.s of applause, laetum ter crepuit 
sonum, Hor, Od. 2, 17, 26. r.s of artil- 
lery, to fire, *missilia semel, bis, etc., 
conjicere. 
round (v.): _ |, Tomaker.: 1, 
rdétundo, 1: Cic. Univ. to. 9, torno, 
1: ib.6. 3, gldbo, 1: drops arer.’d 
(formed into r. shapes), guttae glob- 
antur, Plin. 2, 65,65. Also, conglobo, 1: 
ard figure, conglobata figura, Cic. 
Acad, 4, 37, 118. 4, curvo, 1: 7rd 
into a@ bow, curvatus in arcum, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 533. I]. Meton.: to give a 
character of roundness, i. e. complete- 
NES8 = 65 1, corrdtundo, 1: the Greeks 
8 


7. sphaericus (late): id. S.S. | 





ROUT 


r. off their arguments, Graeci... en- 
thymemata sua... velut c., Quint. I1, 
3, 102. 2, conclido, si, sum, 3: to r. 
off sentences, c. sententias, Cic. Or. 69, 
230° to r. off a verse, c. versum, Hor. 
S. 1, 4, 50: @ well-r’d speech, oratio 
conclusa, Cic. Or. 5, 20. 8. circum- 
scribo, psi, ptum, 3: @ 7.d period of 
words, circumscriptus verborum am- 
bitus, Cic. Or. 12, 38. 4. compleo, 2: 
my ears take pleasur2 in a well-r.'d 
pertod of words, completo verborum 
ambitu gaudent, ib. 50, 168, 

round (adv.): circum, circa: v. 
ABOUT, AROUND. Phr.: all the yearr., 
toto anno, Hor. S. 2, 3, I: Vv. DAILY. 
(N.B.—For to look r., carry r., etc., see 
the verbs.) 

round (pvep.)< 1, circum (in a 
circle or roundabout): the sun revolves 
7. the earth circum eam ipsam (terram) 
volvitur, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 102. F 
circ& (less precise than circum: in 
the neighbourhood of, near about): 
the dogs which he had r. him, quos 
circa se haberet, id. Verr. 1, 48, 126: 
Vv. AROUND, 

round and round, to go: 1. 
circumagor, 3, pass.: Hor. S. 1, 9, 17. 

2. expr. by frequent. verbs, verso, 

voliito, etc.,and v. RouND. Phr.: the 
roof goes r.and r., vertigine tectum am- 
bulat, Juv. 6, 304: V. REVOLVE. 

roundabout (adj.): Phr.- by 7. 
ways, itineribus deviis, Cic. Att. 14, 10: 
a r. route, circuitus, is: Caes. B. G. 7, 
45: also, ambages (viarum), to denote 
paths which are not only roundabout 
but perplexing, as in a labyrinth: 
Ov, M. 8, 161: 7. stories or speeches: 
(1.) ambages, is, f. (found only in abl. 
sing., but pl. complete): he begins to 
tell me a long r. story, ambages mihi 
narrare occipit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 77: 
Virg.: Hor. (2.) cireuitio: Cie. Div. 
2, 61, 127 (quid opus est circuitione et 
anfractu?): Ter. I]. (subs.) A play- 
machine: *equuleus lusorius turbinis 
ritu volutatus. 

rounded, well: térés, étis: a well- 
r’d neck, teres cervix, Lucr. 1, 36: a 
well-r.d style of speaking, habitus ora- 
tionis teres, Cic. de Or. 3, 52, 199. 

roundelay: 1, cantilena: Ter. 
Ph. 3,2, 10. Q, @légus: Hor. Od. 1, 
33, 3. 

roundhead: *(bhomo) capillis prae- 
cisis. 

— leaved: rétundifolius: Apud. 

roundhouse : perh. ergastulum, 
carcer: V. PRISON 


roundness: |. Of surface: rot- 
unditas: Plin ll. Fig.: neatness of 
expression ? 1, rotunditas: 7. of 


language, r. verborum, Macr. Sat. 7, 5, 
init. 9. concinnitas (neatness): Cic. 
Brut. 95, 325. 3, rotunda constructio 
verborum, ib. 78, 272. 

roundly; i.e. plainly, bluntly : it 
libéré. v. FREELY. 2. aperté: he 
lies r., aperte mentitur, Cic. Acad. 4, 6, 
13. 3, plané: Pl. Amph. 2, I, 30. 

4, praecisé: 1 r. said No, p. negavi, 

Cic. Att. 8, 4, 1. 

rouse: v- ARousE. Phr.: a r.ing 
style of speaking, fervidum genus div 
cendi, Cic. Brut. 68, 241: a r.ing ha- 
rangue; Join: incitata et vehemens 
oratio, ib. 24, 93: for the sake of r.ing 
the audience, instigationis auditorum 
causa, Auct. ad Her. 2, 30, 47. 

rout (subs.): |. A disorderly 
multitude: v. CROWD, MOB. Phr.: 
the vulgar rout, coetus vulgares, Hor. 
Od. 3, 2, 23: ignobile vulgus, Virg. Aen. 
I, 149. Il. Noise, confusion : 1. 
strépitus, tis: Cic. Att. 13, 48. PA 
tiimultus, tis: Liv. 25, 13. 3. turba: 
V. NOISE, CONFUSION, TUMULT. Ill. De- 
feat: fiiga- to put to r.,in fugam con- 
vertere: Caes. B. G. 1, 52: V. DEFEAT, 
FLIGHT. 

rout (v.) - 1, fiigo, 1: having rd 
all the cavalry, fugato omni equitatu, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 52. Q, profligo, 1 (to 
overthrow; esp. with ref. to the defeat 
of a great host): to r. the forces of the 
enemy, profligare copias hostium, Cic. 





ROW 





Phil. 14, 14, 36. 8, fundo, fudi 
fiisum, -3 (to break and throw into con 
Susion): id. Mur. 9, 20. 4, dissipo, 
1 (to scatter): the Samnites were utterly 
r.’d..., in fugam dissipati sunt, Liv. 8, 
39.  §, pello, pépiili, pulsum, 3: esp. 
in p. part.: Caes. B.G. 1, 7 (exercitum 
pulsum et sub jugum missum): Cic. 
J oin: (Romanos) pulsos superatosque, 
Caes. 

rout out: i-e. hunt up, bring te 
light : 1. éruo, ui, itum, 3: tor out 
of the darkness, e tenebris e., Cic. Agr. 
I, I, 3: to r. out what Greek writers 
have left behind them, quae scriptores 
Graeci prodiderunt, eruere, id. ‘Tusc. 1, 


13,29.  Q, perh.rimor,1: v. TO RUM-~ 
MAGE, SEARCH. 
route ; 1. cursus, is: my r. to 


Greece lies through your province, mihi 
cursus in Graeciam per tuam provinciam 
est, Cic. Att. Io, 4, 3. Q. iter, itinéris, 
n.: the Carpetani changed their r., iter 
averterunt, Liv. 21, 23: uncertain what 
r, they should take..., qUam in partem 
intenderent iter, ib. 10, 43. 3. Via: 
Brutus changed his r., flexit viam, ib. 1, 
60: Vv. COURSE. 

routine (subs.) : 1, isus, is: fo- 
rensic r., u.forensis, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 
15,47: blind r., usus irrationalis, Quint. 
10,45 00. 2. ordo, inis, m.: the r. of 
studies, ordo studiorum, ib. 5,1: out of 
r., extra ordinem, ib. 3, 33. 3, sdlitum 
(part of sdleo): if he ever varied from 
his r., si quando ex solito variaret, Vell. 
2, 41. Phr.: the solemn r. of the 
games, solemnia ac justa ludorum, Auct. 
Harusp. 10, 21. 

routine (udj.): perh. best expr, by 
transiaticius (tral.), denoting that which 
follows common precedent: cf. Gell. 3, 
18, jin., servandae consuetudinis causa 
tralaticio [edicto] utuntur, as @ mere 
matter of routine: so, Cic. Verr. 1, 
44, 114, in re tam usitata satis est 
ostendere.... hoc vetus edictum tr.que 
esse. Also [solitus] ordo, consuetudo, 
etc., will often be sufficiently near; 
Vv. ORDER, Custom. Phr.: contrary to 
v., extraordinarius, id. Brut. 63, 226, 

rove: V. TO WANDER, TO ROAM. 


rover: |. A wanderer: v. WANs 
DERER. |]. A pirate: praedo- v. 
PIRATE. Phr.: to shoot at r.s: *temere 


jaculari ; tela temere conjicere. 

roving (adj.): v. ROAMING. 

roving (subs.): 1. vagatio, Apul. 
De Socr. 15, p. 50, Elm. Q, pére- 
grinatio, Cic, Att. 9, 10, med. Also by 
gerunds of verbs: v. ROAM. 

row (subs.): |, Aline: |], ordo, 
inis, m. : 7.8 of trees, ordines arborum, Cic, 
Sen. 17, 59: the oars rise above each other 
in three r.s, terno consurgunt ordine remi, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 120: in a r., ex ordine, 
ib. 7,177: the squares on a chessboard, 
directi, transversi (ordines), Varr. L. L. 
I0, 22. 2. versus, ts: he arranged 
the elms in a r., in versum distulit ul- 
mos, Virg. Georg. 4, 144: 16 1.s of oars, 
sexdecim versus remorum, Liv. 33, 30. 

8. séries, Gi. Plin. 7, 16,15: v. SUC- 

cession. Phr.: 7s of seats, gradus: 
147.s for knights, quatuordecim gradus, 
Liv. Ep.99. Hence quatuordecim alone 
... he crossed over to sit in the 147.8, 
sessum in quatuordecim ,... transiit, 
Suet. Jul. 39. Also, fori: Liv. 1, 35: 
and simply, sédilia, ium: in the first r.s, 
sedilibus in primis, Hor. Epod. 4, 15: 
inar., expr. by perpetuus. tables in a 
7., perpetuae mensae, Virg. Aen. 7, 176: 
also, deinceps: the trunks being set up 
in a r., truncis... deinceps constitutis, 
Varr. R.R.1,14,2. |], Avtot: turba: 
V. RIOT, DISTURBANCE, ROUT. 

row (v.): 1. rémigo,1: the labour 
of r.ing, remigandi labor, Caes. B. G. 5, 
8. 2. remis (navim) propello, 3- 
Cic. Tuse. 4, 5, 9. Phr.: to 7. hard, 
remis contendere, Caes. B. G. 5, 8% 
remis incumbere, Virg. Aen. 10, 2942 
he ordered the ships to be r.d at Pal 
speed, naves... incitari remis... jussit, 
Caes. B.G. 4, 25 they persevere in r.ing, 
remorum in verbere perstant, Ov. Met. 
3, 662: we set the slaves to T., SeTVO8 


ROWAN-TREE 





ad remum dabamus, Liv. 34, 6: Suet. 
Aug. 16. ; 
rowan-tree * ornus 
ASH: fraxinus silvestris: 
16, 18, 30: Col. Arb. 16. 
rowel; *calcaris stimilus. 
rower; rémex, igis: Cic. Att. 13, 21, 
4: for the sale of practising the r.s, causa 
exercendorum remigum, Caes. B. C. 3, 
24. (Or expr. by imperf part. of re- 
migo v. TO Row.) 
rowers, a crew of: rémigium. the 
crew of rowers and the marines, remi- 
gium classicique milites, Liv. 26, 51: 
he makes up the crew of r.s, remigium 
supplet, Virg. Aen. 3, 471. 
rowing: 1, rémigium: hasten... 
with r. and sail, remigio, veloque... 
festina, Pl. Asin. 1, 3, 5. 2. rémi- 
gatio: Cic. Att. 13,21,4. Phr.: with 
Gick r.,agmine remorum celeri, Virg. 
en, §, 211; V. TO ROW. 
rowlock: perb. cOlumbarium (hole 
through which the oar passed). Isid. 
Orig. 19, 2, 3- 
royal : |. Belonging to a king: 
kingly or queenly: regius: r. style, r. 
apparatus, Cic. Somn. Sc. 1. to live in 
r. style, more r. vivere, Liv. 2, 3: ther. 
army, r. exercitus, Caes. B. C. 3, 104: 
the r. tribunal, r. tribunal, Liv. 2, 12. 
Il. Worthy ofaking: 1, régalis: 
r. luxury, r. luxus, Virg. Aen. 1, 637: 
rT. apparel, ornatus r., Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 69. 
Q. régificus (rare): poet.: 7. luxury, 
regificus luxus, Virg. Aen. 6, 605. Ah 
bisilicus (like the Baowdevs, or great 
king): you shall be received with r. 
entertainment, b. accipiere victu, Pl. 
Pers.1, 1,32. Phr.: 7. property, regum 
tes, Liv, 2, 4: 7. wealth, regum opes, 
Virg. Georg. 4, 132: 7. power, regnuin 
(vy. ROYALTY): 7, family, domus regna- 
trix, Tac. A. 1, 4: R. Academy, *regia 
Academia: R. Society, *Fraternitas regia, 
Societas regia. a r road (to learning), 
via compendiaria, Cic. Off. 2, 12, 425 also, 
comprndium, Quint. 1, 1, 24 (brevia 
docendi compendia). 
royalist: qui regiis favet partibus, 
Nep. Att. 2; v. PARTISAN. 
royally: 1, régié. Cic. Verr. 3, 
48, 115. 9, regaliter: Liv. 42, 51. 
8. régificé (rare): Enn. ap. Cic. 
Tusce. 3,19, 44. 4. basilic@ (v rare): 
Pl. Pers. 1, 1,29: v. ROYAL. §, more 
regio, Sall. Jug. 11: regio apparatu, Cic. 
Somn. Sc. 1, frag. 1: more regali, Just. 36, 
3. 6, regis instar. ad instar regis, ib. 
royalty : 1, regnum: hope of 
attaining to r. (regal power): spes 
affectandi regni, Liv. 1, 46. 2. ma- 
jestas regia, Caes. B. C. 3, 106. 35 
dignitas regia, Nep. Milt. 2 4, regia 
Potestas, id. Lys. 3. Phr.: ensigns of 
r., insignia regia, Cic. Sest. 26, 5: name 
of r., regale nomen, id. Manil. 9, 24. 
rub (v.) : In gen.: 1. frico, ui, 
Gtum, aud ictum, 1: 77. my body with 
oil, oleo corpus frico, Mart. go, 5: 7s 
his sides against the tree, fricat arbore 
costas, Virg. Georg. 3, 256. Comps.: 
(.) perfrico, 1 (to r all over): to r. the 
head gently, leniter p. caput, Cels. 1, 4: 
when Apronius was r.ing his face with 
ointment, quum A... os suum unguento 
perfricaret Cic. Verr. 3, 25, 62. (2.) 
confrico, 1 ty r. well): the whole face 
must be w rd with salt, sale con- 
fricari totum os conveniet, Col. 7, 10, 3. 
(3.) affrico, 1 (to 7. against) : (a serpent) 
r.ing himself against fennel, marathro 
herbae xese affricans, Plin. 8, 27, 41. 
(4.) défrico, 1 (to r down): the bodies of 
beasts ought to be r’d down, pecudum... 
corpora detricanda sunt, Col. 6, 30. (5.) 
infrico, 1 (to r. in): Plin. 30, 3, 8, § 26. 
(6.) circumfrico, 1 (to r all round). to 
rx. round the edges of the casks, labra 
doliorum c., Cato RK. R. 26. 2. téro, 
trivi, tum, 3 (usu. implying also /o wear 
away): to r, the eyes (to force out a 
tear), oculos t., ler. Kun. 1, 1, 23: to r. 
one mece of wood against another (for 
fire), lignum ligno t., Plin. Comps. : 
(1.) attéro, 3 (to r. against): Hor. Od. 
2, - 30: (of a dogr.ing his tail against 
one 


Vv, MOUNTAIN- 
Plin. H. N. 


Plin. (2,) contéro, 3 (v. TO WEAR | 


RUDE 


RUFF 





Away): iron is r’d (worn) away: con- 
teritur ferrum, Ov. A. A. 3, gt. (3-) 
détéro, 3 (r away): the long journey 
will r, (chafe) his weak feet, det-ret via 
longa pedes, Lib. 1, 10, 16. 

rub away or off; détergeo, si, sum, 
2; and détergo, 3 1s off the superfluous 
buds, supervacuos palmites deterget, Col. 
5, 5, 13: V. CLEANSE, POLISH. 

— out, erase: V. ERASE. 

rub (subs.). Phr.. ay! there's the 
rub, boc opus, hic labor est, Virg. Aen. 
6, 129. 

rubber: |. A whetstone: cos, c- 
tis, f.: Plin. 36, 22, 47. Il. A rough 
towel; 1, linteum villosum, Mart. 14, 
138 2. mappa: ib. 12, 29, 4. " 
extermentarium; Varr. L. L. 5, 21. 

[I]. Aman who rubs: 1, iiliptes, 

ae: Juv 3, 79. 9. fricator; Coel. 
Aur Tard. 3, 7. IV. At play: * vic- 
toria in certamine ternario bis parta. 

rubbing (act of): 1, attritus, iis, 
Plin, 8, 52, 78. 9. affrictus, iis, ib. 31, 
6, 38. 3, fricitus, iis: ib. 23, 7, 63, 
§ 125. 4, fricatio, ib. 28, 4, 14. i 
fricatira, Vitr. 7, 1. 6. frictio, Cels. 


4, 3 7. perfrictio, Plin. H. N. 21, 18, 
69, § 116. 
rubbish: 1. riidus, éris, n. (brok- 


en stone, mortar, etc.): to assign a place 
where r. may be shot, locum ruderi ac- 
cipiendo destinare, Tac. A. 15, 43: also 
in plur., he set his hunds to work to clear 
away the r., ruderibus purgandis manus 
admovit, Suet. Vesp.8. 2, quisquiliae, 
arum (refuse, sweepings): 7., the spoil 
of the wind, q., volautis venti spolia, 
Caecil. ap. Fest. 16. v. REFUSE (subs.). 

rubbishy: Y. WORTHLESS, 

rubble: ridus, éris, v.: Vitruv. 7, 1. 

rubbling, or rubble-work ; rude- 
ratio, Vitruv, u. s. 

rubicund;: v. Ruppy. 

rubric; rubrica (lit. red earth: 
hence the title of a law, because written 
in red): Pers. 5, 90: Quint. 12, 3, IT. 

ruby (subs.): carbunciilus: Plin. 
37, 7, 25. 

ruby (a4j.): poet., purpiireus;: r. lips, 
purpurea labella, Ov. Am. 3, 14, 23. 

ruck: |. Fold, wrinkle: riga- 
v. FOLD. |], The hindmost in a crowd, 
esp. of horses in a race: vulgus turbaque, 
Lucr. 2,919: V. CROWD, MOB. 

rudder: 1, gibernacilum: v. 
HELM. 2, clavus: v. TILLER. 

— bands; juncturae gubernacu- 
lorum, Vulg. Act. Apost. xxvii. 4o. 

ruddiness: Vv. REDNESS. 

ruddle; red chalk- rubrica: Hor.S. 


2593 Oe 
ruddy: 1, rubicundus, riibens: v. 
RED. 9. riitilus: r. five, rutilus ignis, 


Virg. Georg. 1, 454. 

—, rather: 1, rabicundiilus: 
Juv. 6, 425. 2, subriibicundus: Sen. 
Ir. 3, 4, 1. 

—. to be: 1, riibeo, ui, 2: the 
r, moon, Luna rubens, Hor. Od. 2, 11, ro. 
9. ritilo,1: Virg. Aen. 8, 529. 

rude: |. Unfinished, unpolished : 
(of things and persous) : 1, ridis, e: 
ar. orator, rudis orator, Cic, de Or, 3, 44, 
175. Join: rudis et incompositus, 
Quint 10, 1, 66; rudis indigestaque mo- 
les, Ov. Met. 1, 7. 2. inconditus: r. 
verses, inc. versus, Liv. 4, 53: a 7. (un- 
polished) way of speaking, inc. [anti- 
Ronn dicendi consuetudo, Cic. de Or. 
3,44,173. 3, diirus: r. dances, durae 
choreae, Ov Fast. 3, 537- 4, agrestis 
(boorish and uncultivated), Join: 
vasti atque agrestes, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 
115: agrestes et barbari, id. Mil. 9, 26. 

5, rusticus: v. RUSTIC, BOORISH. 

6, inurbanus (impolite): J should 
not be so r., non essem tam inurbanus, 
Cic. de Or 2,99, 365. 7. horridus 
(rough, blunt, unpolished): r. Saturnian 
metre, h. numerus Saturnius, Hor. Ep. 
2, 1, 187: cf.id. Od. 3, 21, 10, non ille... 
te negliget horridus: Cic. Phr.: the 
Carthaginians thre up a r. fortifica- 
tion, castra tumultuaria communierunt, 
Liv. 28, 16. — {J. £U/-humoured, unkind, 
insolent : 1, asper: Hor. A. P. 163: 
jokes too r., asperiores facetiae, Cic. 


Planc. 14, 33. 2, férus: Ter. Andr 
I, 5, 43- 3, inhOmanus: r old men 
inhumani senes, Cic. Sen. 3, 7: r. neglect 
inhumana negligentia, id. Off. 1, 36 
130. 4, immansuétus: Join im- 
mansuetumque ferumque ingenium, Ov. 
Met.15,85.  §, insdlens: v. INSOLENT. 

6. pétiilans (saucy): a r. way of 
jesting, jocandi genus... p., Cic. Off. 1, 


29, 104. Fig.: the r. East winds, p. 
Euri, Lucr. 6, 110, 7. protervus: v. 
WANTON. Fig. and poet.;: r. winds, 


venti protervi, Hor. Od. 1, 26, 2. 8. 
injiridsus: poet., with r. foot, inj. pede, 
Hor. Od. 1, 35, 13: the r. (boisterous) 
winds, inj. venti, id. Epod. 17, 34. 9. 
importinus (intrusive): the r. birds, 
imp. volucres, id. 8. 1, 8, 6° r. poverty, 

imp. pauperies, id. Od. 3, 16, 37 
rudely : |, Jn an unfinished or 
unpolished manner : 1, crassé: a 
poem r. put together, c. compositum, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 76. 9. rusticé : Cic. 
Att. 12, 36. 8, incondité: id. Off. 3, 
21, 82. 4, incompodsité: Join: hor- 
ride atque incomposite, Quint. ra, 2, 17. 
5, diré, or diiriter: r. cast, fusum 


durius, Hor. S. 2, 3, 22. 6. hborridé 
(cf. Rupe, L, 8). Join: horride in- 
culteque [dicere}, Cic. Or. 9,28 cf. also 


Hor. Od. 3, 21, 10. ||. With violence 
or ill-nature : 1, pétilanter: he 
abused Pompeius r., in Pompeium p. 
invectus est, Cic. Att.2,19,2. 2, pro- 
tervé: who knocks so r.? quis tam pro- 
terve nostras aedes arietat? Pl. Truc. 2, 
2, I. 8. procaciter (to denote acting 
in a pert, forward manner): pay more 
r. demanded, stipendium procacius fla- 
gitatum, Liv. 28, 24. 4, importiné 
(rare): to press r., immportune insistere, 
Cic. Acad. 4, 25, 80. 5, insdlenter. 
Vv. INSOLENTLY. 
rudeness: |. Want of polish: 
], rusticitas: r. of pronunciation, 
soni r., Quint, 11, 3, To. 92. barbiaries: 
provincial r., b. domestica, Cic. Brut. 74, 
258. 8, expr. by adj, r. of speech, 
oratio horrida, inculta, etc. v. RUDE (1.). 
Il. Insolence or unkindness: _ 1, in- 
hiimanitas Cic. de Or. 1, 22,99. Join: 
importunitas et inbumanitas, id. Sen. 3, 
9. insdlentia: id. de Or. 2, §2, 209. 
8, pétiilantia: v, PERTNESS, WAN- 
TONNESS. 
rudiment: the beginning of any- 
thing: ], lémentum: r-.s of vices, 
vitiorum e., Juv 14,124: the r.s (begin- 
mings) of Rome, prima Romae e., Ov. 
Fast. 3, 179. of learning, Hor. S. 1, 1, 
26. Q. initium. Cic. Tuse. 5, 24, 69 
(initia et tanquam semina unde omnia 
orta). 3, sémen: Cic.: Lucr.: v, 
GERM. 4. primordium: r-.s of things, 
primordia rerum, Cic. Part. 2,7. 6 
rudimentum: the first r.s of rhetoric, 
prima rhetorices r., Quint. 2, §, T. 6. 
exordium : r.s of all things, cunctarum 
exordia rerum, Lucr. 3, 31. 7. prin- 
cipium 7.s of all great things, omnium 
rerum magnarum principia, Cic. Vat. 6, 
14. Phr.: not having learnt even the 
r.s of logic, dialecticis ne imbutus qui- 
dem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 7, 14: @ young man 
ought to be taught the r.s of those arts, 
infici debet iis artibus, id. Fin. 3, 2, 
ignorant of the r.s, plane indoctus, id. de 
Or. 2, 2,7: subjects of which they had not 
even learnt the mere 7s, quae .. .ne pri- 
moribus quidem labris attigissent, ib. 1, 
19, 87 (See also foll. art.) 
rudimentary: inchoatus. ar. know- 
ledge of nature, cognitio naturae inc., 
Cie. Off. 1, 43, 153. 7- breasts, * formae 
quaedam quasi mammarum inchoat- 
arum. Phr.: r instruction, elementa 
prima; Vv, RUDIMENT. 
rue (subs.): rita: 7. that sharpens 
sight, acuentes lumina rufas, Ov. Rem 
8or (R. graveolens, Linn.): flavoured 
with r.: rutatus. wine so treated, mus- 
tum rutatum, Plin. 19, 8, 45. 
rue (v.): ligeo, etc.; Vv, TO REPENT 
MOURN, REGRET. 
rueful; moestus (mae.): Vv. SORROW- 
FUL. 
ruff: |. A kind of collar: * col- 
laris genus quod Anglice ruff dicitur: 


RUFFIAN 


RUINOUS 


RULE 





the mark like a c. on a bird’s neck : tor- 
quis, is,m.: (a parrot) having a scarlet r., 
torque miniato in cervice distincta, Plin. 
10, 42, 58. |]. 4 7. pigeon: 1, pa- 
lumbus torquatus, Mart. 13,67, 1. 2, 
*machétes pugnax: J'ringa pugnax, 
Linn. Ul]. A jish: * perca cernua ; 
acerina vulgaris ; asprédo: Eng. Cycl. 
ruffian: 1, expr. by circumL., 
homo facindrosus (one who ts conversant 
with deeds of violence): Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 
22 (quintum est genus parricidarum, 
sicariorum, denique omnium facinoro- 
sorum, 7.s of every kind): homo ad 
facinus audax, cf. ib. 2, 5, init. (Memo 
in gladiatorio ludo paullo ad facinus 
audacior, rather a greater r. than the 
rest). Also Sall. has, facinorum catervae 
= gangs of r.s, Cat. 14. 2, homo 
perditus: gangs of r.s (or desperadoes), 
Auct. Dom. 42, Tio. 8, in pl. only, 
Opérae, arum (hired gangs of “roughs’’): 
Cic. Sext. 17, 39. 4, sicarius (strictly, 
one who employs the dagger): v. ASSAS- 
sin. _§, latro (robber, freebooter ; also 
in wider sense): to employ a r. to per- 
petrate murder, latrone ad peragendum 
parricidium (uti), Val. M. 5, 9, 4: Cic. 
Sext. 17, 39. So latrocinium, a band of 
ruffians : id. Cat. 1, 13, 31. 6. some- 
times, rhetorically: gladiator: id. Ph. 
13, 10, 25. 
ruffianly: ad facinus audax; faci- 
norosus; V. RUFFIAN. Sometimes also, 
néfarius (abominably wicked), or atrox 
(savagely cruel), may serve. Vv. WICKED, 
CRUEL, SAVAGE. Phr.: r. conduct or 
character, audacia; esp. with sume 
strengthening epith.: as, immanis auda- 
cia, Auct. Har. resp. 3, 4: more fully, 
Cic. Pb. 13, 5, 10, ad omne facinus im- 
manis audacia: cf. also Curt. 6, 11, 
tnit., miles....stolida audacia ferox, a 
brutal r. fellow: (see also, BRUTALITY, 
CRUELTY): in @7T. manner: expr. by 
modal abl., nefaria crudelitate; immani 
audacia, etc.: v. preced. artt. 
ruffle (v.): agito, turbo, miveo: v. 
TO SHAKE, TOSS, DISTURB. Still more pre- 
cisely, horrifico, r (rare): Cat. Epith. 
Pel. 269: so, to become r.d, inborrescere : 
Pac. in Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24 (in both 
passages of the sea). 
ruffle (swbs.): perh. limbus manicae 
adsutus: v. Virg. Aen. 4, 137 
rug: 1, stragiilum: Mart. 2, 16, 1. 
9. vestis stragula, Liv. 34,7. 3. 
coopertorium (for wrapping closely 
up): wrapped in warm 7.s, calidis c. 
involutus, Veg. Vet. 3, 77. 
rugged: 1, durus (harsh): Atti- 
lius, a most r. poet, poeta durissimus, 
Cic. Att. 14, 20, 2. 9. asper: Ithaca, 
situate among most r. rocks, in asperri- 
mis saxulis affixa, Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 196. 
8. horridus: v. RUDE (L., 8). és 
praeruptus (esp. of steep, broken ground): 
r. places, praerupta, Liv. 27, 18. 5. 
serupulosus (with many small pointed 
stones): 1. rocks, cotes, Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 
33. 6. in temper. difficilis: v. ILL- 
TEMPERED, MOROSE 
ruggedness: v- ROUGHNESS. 
Tuin (swbs.): |, Utter destruction: 
1, exitium, pernicies, etc.: v. DE- 
STRUCTION. 2, ruina (downfall: a 
word always used with something of 
metaphor): in this universal r....., 
in hac rerum ruina, Liv. 26, 41, med. : 
xr. of fortune (bankruptcy; breaking 
completely down), ruinae fortunarum, 
Cic. Cat. 1,6, 14: Hor. Phr.: to go to 
r., (1). ruo, i, ritum, 3 (to fall with vio- 
lence; oft. in fig. sense): Cic. Verr. 5, 
6, 12 (quae cum accidunt, nemo est quin 
intelligat ruere illam rempublicam): 
Hor. Strengthened, corruo, 3 (to go fo 
utter r.; both lit. as @ house, and fig.) : 
Cic. Off. 1, 24,84. (2). pessum eo, 4, irr. 
(lit. to go to the bottom ; archaic, and not 
in Cic.): the finest plains of Italy would 
go to r., p. ituros fecundissimos Italiae 
campos, l'ac. A.1,79. Also, pessum sido, 
3: Sen. (3). Sbeo, péreo (strengthened, 
dispereo), 4, i77.: V. TO PERISH. (4). 
praecipito, 1 (fo go headlong or with 
violence tor.) when the state was sink- 
ing headlong to 7., praecipitante repub- 
"100 


Jall); Virg. Aen. 2, 310. 





lica, Cic. Sall. 1, 1: Liv. (5), labor, 
psus, 3 (to glide, fall, or waste away) : 
cf. Cic. Or. 3, Io, cetera nasci, occidere, 
fluere, labi: also, Liv. 3, 33, ?nié., eo citius 
res lapsa est = deteriorated, went to r. 
(6). dilabor, 3 (to waste away and go to 
pieces: both lit. as a building, and fig.) : 


fall to ruin, monumenta dilapsa, Lucr. 


5, 311: the most admirably constituted 
commonwealth went tor., (ut) praeclar- 
issime constituta respublica dilaberetur, 
Cic. Off. 2, 23, 80. (7). collabor, 3 (to go 
completely to decay, fall in ruins as a 
house): the roof of the house (appeared 
to) fall in r.s, fastigium domus collahi, 
Suet. Caes. 81: Liv. (8). poet. dare 
ruinam (to come down with a violent 
Pohr.: 7. seize 
thee! dii te perduint! Cic. Deiot. 7, 21: 
Ter. ||, Specially, seduction : stuprum 
(per vim illatum): v. SEDUCTION, RAPE, 
[I]. Usu. pl. broken parts, esp. of 
buildings : 1, ruinae, arum (not so 
in Cic.): to rebuild temples out of the 7.s 
of temples, ruinis templorum templa 
aedificare, Liv. 42, 3, jfin.: Ov. 24 
pariétinae, arum (ruined walls, parietes : 
perh. ruinae understood): J was more 
impressed by the sight of the r.s of Co- 
rinth, magis me moverunt Corinthi p. 
aspectae, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22. 53: Plin. 
3. perh. vestigia, orum: v. TRACES, 
REMAINS. 4. expr. by verb: nothing 
save the r.s of buildings, *nil praeter 
disjecta (dilapsa, of the effect of decay) 
aedificia: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 608. 5, 
strages, is, f. (as of a building thrown 
down): Tac. H. 1, 86 (strage obstantis 
molis refusus amnis). 
ruin(v.): |, Ingen.: 1, perdo, 
didi, itum, 3: many have utterly r.’d 
themselves, multi. ,..se ipsos penitus 
perdiderunt, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 49: [am 
r.'d, perditus sum, Pl. Cure. 1, 2, 46. 
Strengthened, less freq., déperdo, 3: a 
cobbler r.’d with want. sutor inopia de- 
perditus, Phaedr. 1, 14. 1: disperdo, 3: 
Vat. ap. Cic. Fam. 5 10. 2, prae- 
cipito, 1 (to hurl headlong: a very 
strong expr.): for r.ing the state, ad 
praecipitandam rempublicam, Liv. 22, 
12: 8. pessumdo, dédi, datum, 1: or 
in two words: to one who seeks to r. 
(or send to r.) every thing, quaerenti 
pessum dare cuncta, Ov. ‘Trist. 3, 5, 45: 
Sall. (who is fond of the phr.). 4, 
affligo, xi, ctum, 3: Pompey has r.’d 
himself, ipse se afflixit, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 2. 
5, conficio, féci, fectum, 3: to r. 
one's own property, suam rem c., Cic. in 
Sen. 5, 11. 6. frango, frégi, fractum, 
3: self-indulgence r.s all the powers both 
of mind and body, nervos omnes et 
mentis et corporis frangit, Quint. r, 2, 6. 
Join: homo fractus et prope dissipatus, 
Cic. Red. 9, 4. 7. profligo, 1 (to dash 
to the ground, deal a severe blow to): 
to r. the state, p. rempublicam, Cic. de 
‘Or: 33; 3: 8, corrumpo, rupi, rup- 
tum, 3: you r. your eyes with weeping, 
lacrimis corrumpis ocellos, id. Am. 3, 
6,57. Phr.: to be rd with expense, 
sumtu exhauriri, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, I, 2: v. 
TO DESTROY, INJURE, OVERTHRKOW, WASTE. 
|]. In moral point of view, esp. with 
ref. to women : 1, vitio, r: Ter. Ad. 
4,5,52. 2, corrumpo, 3: Suet. Jul. 50: 
Vv. TO SEDUCE. 3. dépravo, t: a boy 
r.d by indulgence, indulgentia depra- 
vatus, Cic. Att. 10, 4: Vv. TO SPOIL. 
ruined: ], ruindsus: 7. houses, 
r. domi, Ov. Her. 1, 56: @ 7. house, 
aedes r., Cic. Off. 3, 13, 54. Oe hie. 
naufragus: Cic. Pis. 19, 43. P.hr.: 
half-r., semirtitus: the h.-r. city, semi- 
ruta urbs, Liv. §, 49. 
ruinous ; A. Injurious: 1, 
damnosus: 7. to the jiock, d. pecori, 
Virg. G. I, 37. 9. exitidsus: Cic. 
Plane. 36, 87.  §, fiinestus: v. FATAL. 
Phr.; a r. expense, effusi sumtus, Cic. 
R. Am. 24, 68: to live at a r. expense, 
profusis sumtibus vivere, id. Quint. 30, 
93. he made a harbour at a r. expense, 
portum operis sumtuosissimi fecit, Suet. 
Ner.g. Vv. COSTLY. B. Ready to fall: 
Phr.: the r. temples of the gods, aedes 
labentes deorum, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 3: the 7. 


SS 


house, lapsura domus, Ov. Ib. 511: sd, 
casurus, id. Pont. 2, 3, 59. 
ruinously: 1, damnosé- to drink 
r., damnose bibere, Hor. S.2,8,34. 2, 
pestifere: Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13. 3, per- 
nicidse€: most r., perniciosissime, Aug. 
Ep. 26, 2. 4, exitidsé- ib. 28, 3. 
rule (subs.): J, An instrument for 
measuring with ; 1. régiila: Cie. fr.: 
Plin, 2, norma (a carpenter’s square: 
more freq. in sig. II.): Plin. 36, 22, 51. 
3, amussis, im, f. (carpenter’s tool: 
perh. @ square or level): esp. in phr. 
ad amussim, or as one word, adamussim, 
precisely according to r., exactly: Aus, 
Idyll. 16, rr. Varr.. Gell. 4, décem- 
péda (10 feet in length: tor land-mea- 
suring): Cic. Ac. 4, 41, 126 Hor. 
||, A regulation, precept, direction: 
1, régila: ther. of a corrupt custom, 
pravissimae consuetudinis r., Cic. Br. 74, 
258: the r. of right and wrong, juris et 
injuriae r., id. Fin.1,6,19. 2, norma; 
the r, of the ancients, veterum n., Hor. 
Od. 2, 15, 12: @ certain r. of reason, 
certa rationis n., Cic. Mur. 2, 2. ae 
lex : a fixed r. for versification, versibus 
certa lex, Cic. Or. 58, 198: a@ gramma- 
tical 7., 1. grammatica, Gell. 13,20. 4, 
praeceptum  some7r.s must be laid down, 
pr. quaedam danda sunt, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 
44: 7.s for speaking, pr. dicendi, id. 
Brut. 76, 263. §, praescriptum: ob- 
serving these r.s, haec praescripta ser- 
vans, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92. Also, prae- 
scriptio: the r. of reason, praescriptio 
rationis, id. Tuse. 4,9, 22: the r. of half 
an hour (for speaking), pr. semihorae, 
id. Rab. perd. 2, 6. Join: hanc nor- 
mam, hance regulam, hance praescrip- 
tionem naturae, id. Acad. 4, 46, 140. 
6, formula: Join: formula ratioque 
scribendi, Suet. Aug. 88. 7, instititum 
(standing r. or recognized principle) : 
r.s of society, instituta civilia, Cic. Off. 
1, 41,148. Join: [oblitus] consuetu- 
dinis et instituti mei, id. Att. 4, 18, 1. 
8. body of r.s, instivitio: according 
to the 7.s of art, ex institutione artis, 
Auct.ad Her. 3,9,16. 9, insamesense, 
disciplina ; Cic, Verr. 2, 3, 7. Il. Go- 
vernment: J, ditio: Virg. Aen. 1, 622: 
Cic. Prov. 13, 32. 2. impérium: Virg. 
Aen. 6,796. 3, régimen: the r. of cun- 
duct, r. morum, Liv. 4,8. 4, regnum: 
under the r. of Cinara, sub r. Cinarae, 
Hor. Od. 4, 1, 4. 5, dominatus, ts: 
freed from kingly r., a. regio Liberata, 
Cic. Brut. 10, 41 : V. GOVERNMENT, SWAY. 
Phr.: according to r., rite: Auct. pro 
Dom. 52, 134: or expr. by adj., leégi- 
timus: a poem according to r., 1. poema, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 109: out of r., inordinate . 
Cels. 4, 25: or by adj., inordinatus . 
Quint. 1, 10, 46: to lay down ar., legem 
sancire: Cic. Am. 12, 40: praescribere : 
Caes. B.G. 1, 36. uprightness must be 
the r. of advantage, honestate dirigenda 
utilitas est, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 83. to live 
by 7., valetudini servire, Cie. Q. Fr. 
I, I, extr. 
rule (v.): A, Trans.. to govern: 
1, régo, xi, ctum, 3 (with ace: 
most gen. term): Cic.: Virg. a 
modéror, 1 (in this sense, with acc.) : 
r.ing the seas, maria moderantem, Cic, 
N. b. 3, 39, 93. Join: regit et mode- 
ratur, id. Somn. Sc. 8. 3. tempéro, 1 
(to restrain, regulate : with acc. or dat.) z 
he r.s their passions, temperat iras, Virg. 
Aen. I, 57: 7.d his anger, temperavit 
irae (dat.), Liv. 33, 20. 4, impére, 
impérito, 1: V..TO GOVERN. B, In- 
trans.: |, To possess power: 1, 
déminor, 1: to r. over the other ani« 
mals, dominari in cetera animalia, 
Ov, Met. 1, 77. the Danai r. in the 
city, dominantur in urbe, Virg. Aen. 
2, 327: dominor is used with a dat. 
in later writers only, Zumpt, § 413. 
2, regno, 1: while Greece was still 
ving, regnante jam Graecia, Cic. Brut. 
10, 41: (Clodius thinks) that he shall r. 
when Milo has been killed, Milone inter- 
fecto se regnaturum, id. Mil. 16, 43. 
3. praesum, fui (with dat.): over 
which countries four kings r.d, quibus 
regionibus quatuor reges praeerant, 








RULER 





Caes, B. G. 5,22° he had r.d with kind- 
ness, clementer praefuerat, Liv. 34, 40. 
Phr.. whtle she (Athens) r.d, dum ea 
rerum potita est, Cic. Rose, Am. 25, 70 

Claudius who then rd supreme, qui 
tum erat summo in imperio, id. Fin. 2, 
20, 66: poet., imperii frena tenere, Ov. 
Trist. 2, 42: imperii frena moderari, id. 
Pont. 2, 9, 33: sceptra tenere, id. Her. 
16,176: Vv. TOREIGN. — J, To lay down 
a decision in a court: r in court of 


law: 1, édico, xi, ctum: Cic. Verr. 
1, 46,118. 2, décerno, crévi, crétum : 
ib. 119. Ij. OF @ custom 1, ob- 


tineo, ui, 2: a custom which formerly 
rd, consuetudo quae retro obtinuit, 
Ulp. Dig. 1, 16, 7. v. TO PREVAIL, 
9. pateo, ui, 2 (to extend, have in- 
fluence): in which avarice r.s widely, in 
quo latissime patet avaritia, Cic. Off. 1, 
7,24: this precept r.s more widely, patet 
latius, id. Tusc. 3, 24, 58. 
ruler: |. A governor : A 
rector: 7. of the state, reipublicae r., 
Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 211: r. of Olympus, 
r. Olympi, Ov. Met. 2, 60. 2, mo- 
d&rator: Join: rector et moderator, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 35, go: moderator et dux, 
id. Tusc. 1, 28,68. Fem. moderatrix : 
providence is a divine r., m. divina est 
providentia, id. N. D. 3, 39, 92. 3. 
regnator: r, of Asia, r. Asiae, Virg. Aen. 
2, 557: r. of Olympus, r. Olympi, ib. 7, 
558. 4, ddnfinator: Jove the r. of 
all things, d. rerum, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 4. 
Fem. dominatrix: id. Inv. 1, 2, 2. 5. 
gubernator ; f. giibernatrix, Ci: v. Go- 
VERNOR. 6, arbiter, tri: poet.: Hor. 
Od. 1, 3,15. ‘7, praeses, idis (official) ; 
r.s of provinces, praesides provinciarum, 
Suet. Aug. 23: Vv. GOVERNOR, LEADER. 
||. For drawing lines: régiila: v. 
RULE. 
ruling: 1, podtens. poet.; usu. 
with gen.: r. over the tempests, tem- 
pestatum potens, Virg. Aen. 1, 80: 7 
over Cyprus, p. Cypri, Hor. Od. 1, 3, 1. 
2. regnator; f. regnatrix: a r. 
family, domus regnatrix, Tac. A. 1, 4. 
hr.: r. passton, cupiditas, studium 
[v. Passion]: you have made this a r. 
principle, habuisti statutum cum animo 
ac deliberatum, Cic. Verr. 3, 41, 95. 
rum (s.): *sicera e saccharo decocta, 
destillatione facta. 
rumble (v.): 1. murmiro, 1: 
my r. from emptiness, intestina 
inanitate m., Pl. Cas. 4, 3, 9. Ds 
migio, 4: the ground r.s beneath, sub 
pedibus m. solum, Virg. Aen. 6, 256. 
8. insdno, ui, r: the hollows r.d, 
insonuere cavernae, ib. 2, 53: (of thun- 
der), Lact. Div. Inst. 7, 6. 4, perh. 
crépo, ui, itum, or crépito, 1: intestina 
crepant—crepitant, Pl. Men. 5, 5, 27. 
rumble or rumbling noise (s.): 
murmur; or gen. term sonitus: v. 
MURMUR, SOUND. 
ruminate: |, As an animal: 
1, ramino, 1: Virg. Ecl. 6, 54: Plin. 
9,17.29. Also, rtimiuor, 1 (dep.): Varr. 
9, cibum rémando, 3: Quint. 11, 2, 
41. Il. Fig.: To think over: E 
régusto,1. I often r. over your letters, 
regusto tuas literas, Cic. Att. 13, 13. 
2. concdquo, xi, ctum, 3 you must 
r. long, diu tibi concoquendum est, id. 
R. Com, 15, 45. See also To MEDITATE, 
ruminant or ruminating: 1, 
raminalis: Plin. 8, 51, 77. 3 rumi- 
nator: Arnob. 7, 24 
YTumination ; riminatio: Plin. 
Il, 39, 719- daily r. (thought), quoti- 
diana r., Cie. Att. 2, 12, 2. 
Tummage (v.): search: 1, rimor, 
{ (to pry about and search for: less 
collog. than Eng.): Virg. Aen. 9, 508: 
Juv, 2. perscritor, 1: Cic.: v. To 
SEARCH. 
Tummer, @ large glass: gen. term, 
poctlum : v. cur. 
rumour: 1. rimor, oris: 7. of 
danger, r. periculi, Cic. Manil. 6, 13: 
various r.s which I should like to be 
true, varii r., quos cuperem veros, id. 
Att. 16, 12. 2, fama: v. REPORT: 
Prop. n.: r. goes through the cities, it 
Fama per urbes, Virg. Aen. 4, 173: Vv. 





RUN DOWN 





REPORT, —_ 3, sermo, Onis, m, (common 
talk) ; Cic. Fam. 3, 8, med. 4, auditio 
(rare): false r.s, fictae a., id. Plane. 


23, 56. 

Trump: 
Hor. Juv 2. natis, is, f: usu. pl.: 
Mart. Hor. Rarely of the rump o 


animals used for food: Mart. 3, 82 
-steak : * offa de clune bubula 
secta, de femore bubulo secta. 

rumple (v.): corrigo,x Col. Fig. 
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 23. 

rumpie (s.).; in a garment: riga: 
V. FOLD, PLAIT, WRINKLE. 

run (v.): |. Lit.: curro, ciicurri, 
cursum, 3: Fig.=—to hasten: r. ye 
ages, currite secla, Virg. Ecl. 4, 46: to 
r. over the sea, per mare currere, Hor. 
S. 1, 1, 30. Sometimes with accus. of 
cogn. sig.: to r. a vace, stadium c., Cic. 
Off. 3, 10, 42: we r. over the sea, cur- 
rimus aequor, Virg. Aen. 3,191. ||, Zo 
jlow: 1, fluo, fluxi, fluxum: sweat 
r.s from the body, fluit de corpore sudor, 
Ov. Met. 9, 193° Vv. TO FLOW. 
labor, 3: of a river, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 43. 

3, féror, 3, irr.: the openings of a 
wound through which a dischaige r.s, 
per quae fertur humor, Cels. 8, 28, 13 

4, exeo, 4, irr.: moisture 7r., bu- 
mor exit, ib. 6 Miscell. Phr.: 
three roads r. to Mutina, tres viae sunt 
ad Mutinam, Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22: @ 
double spine r.s between the loins, duplex 
agitur per lumbos spina, Virg. Georg. 3, 
87: my thoughts often r. on that subject, 
in eam cogitationem nos saepe incidi- 
mus, Cic. Fam. 4, 5: his whole discourse 
ran upon that subject, ejus omnis oratio 
versata est in eo, id. de Or. 1, 57, 244. 

— about: 1. curso, t (frequent. 
of curro); Cic. Sen. 6, 17. Second fre- 
quent. cursito, I (to run hither and 
thither hurriedly): Hor. S. 2, 16, 107: 
Phaedr. Q, discurro, ciicurri and curri, 
3: to diverge: others 7. in different 
directions to the gates, discurrunt ad 
portas, Virg. Aen. 12, 577: he ran about 
with the palm, cum palma discucurrit, 
Suet. Cal. 32, 3. pérerro, 1: v. 
TO WANDER. 4, trépido, 1 (to be 
agitated, r. about in an agitated man- 
ner): Join tum Titurius trepidare, 
concursare, Caes. B.G 5, 33 

—— across, over: transcurro, cu- 
curri and curri, 3. @ cloud was seen to 
r. across the sky, visus coelum tr, nim- 
bus, Virg. Aen. 9, 111. 

— after: séquor, sector: v. TO 
FOLLOW, PURSUE. 

—aground: |. Trans: 1, 
impingo, pégi, pactum, 3: cf. Quint. 4, 
1, 6, pessimus gubernator qui navem 
dum portum egreditur impegit (where 
the ref. is to letting a ship run foul of 
any object): they ran the ship a., navem 
impegerunt, Vulg, Acts xxvii.4r. 2, 
ejicio, jéci,*ctum, 3 (to run a ship 
ashore): they ran their ships a, at 
Chios, naves ad Chium ejecere, Liv. 44, 
28, ad fin.: Caes. B.C. 3, 28. (In pass. 
=to be wrecked.) Il. Intrans. : 

1, impingor, 3: v. supr. 2 
haereo, si, sum, 2: (the ship of Ser- 
gestus) ran a. on the projecting rocks, 
in procurrentibus saxis haesit, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 204. 3. perh. illidor, isus, 3: 
cf. ib. 1, 112 (aves saxis illidit). 

— away: lL. aufugio, fugi, fi- 
gitum, 3 (esp. to abscond): my slave 
has r. away, servus meus aufugit, Cic. 
Fam. 13, 77. 2. profiigio, 3 (as a 
fugitive or outlaw): v.70 FLEE. Phr.: 
Ir away as fast as Ican, ego me in 
pedes conjicio, quantum queo, Ter. Eun. 
5,2,5: his friends r. away, se in fugam 
conferunt amici, Cic. Caec. 8, 22. 

— back: récurro, curri, 3: the 
water will r. back to its source, in fontes 
versa recurret aqua, Ov. Am. 2, I, 26: 
Vv. TO RETURN. 

— before, in advance: anté- 
curro, 3: Vitruv. 9, 4. 

down: A, Trans: |, 
To drive forcibly against : expr. by ros- 
tro ferire: Liv. 37, 30 (quum rostro per- 
cussisset Sidoniam navem): or if no- 
thing more than coming up with be 





| 





RUN THROUGH 





meant (*navem) remis citatis con- 
sequi: V.TO OVERTAKE. Phr.: she ran 
down an Ionian ship as if it were an 
enemy, *in lonicam nayvem tanquam 





1. clinis, is, f.; usu. pl.: | hostilem impegit navem suam mersit- 


que eam. Il. To cry down, depre- 
ciate: détrecto, élévo, obtrecto (this 
last with dat.}: v. TO DISPARAGE, Ma- 
LIGN. B, Intrans.: décurro, ci- 
curri, and curri, 3: Curtius had r. down 
Jrom the citadel, ab arce decucurrerat, 
Liv. 1.12 a river r.ing down from the 
mountain, monte decurrens amnis, Hor. 
Od. 4, 2, 5 : to have recourse Jor shelter : 
they r. down to their ships, ad naves 
decurrunt, Caes. B. C. 1, 28. 

run down or off: défiuo, 3: the 


| countryman waits till the river r.s off, 











dum defiuat amnis, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 42: v. 
TO FLOW, 

— forwards: prodcurro, 3: Hor. 
Epod. 16, 29° v. TO ADVANCE, 
<= foulof: |. Trans.: (navem) 
impingo, 3: V. TO RUN AGROUND, Il. 
Intrans.: collidor, isus, 3: the ships 
r. foul of each other, c. inter se naves, 
Curt. 9, 9, med.: cf. ib. paulo infr., ine 
cutiebantur puppibus prorae ( prows ran 


| foul of sterns) ; premebantur a sequen- 


tibus qui antecedentes turbaverant. 

— high: Phr.: the waves r. high, 
undae exsultant, Ov, Met. 13, 892. the 
waters of the sea ran high with the wind, 
tumuerunt aequora vento, id. Pont. 2, 3, 
27: the dissension r.s high, summa dis- 
sensio est, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, extr.: the in- 
surrection van high, seditionem gliscere, 
Liv. 42, 2: the disease rs high, crude- 
scere morbus, Virg. G. 3, 504: when 
fever r.s high, in ipsis accessionibus, 
Cels. 3, 7, 2. 
into: 1. incurro, curri, 3: to 
r. into destruction, in perniciem ine., 
Cic. N D. 3, 27, 69: to r. risk of being 
accused, inc. in crimen, id. Planc. 38, 91. 

2. pervéhor, ctus, 3 (nautical term: 
to reach port): the harbour into which 
I would r., in quem mallem p., id. Att. 
14, 19. 

— out: |. Lit.: excurro, cii- 
curri and (less freq.) curri, cursum, 3: 
Pl. Most. 2, 1, 12. Il. Of projecting 
capes, etc.: excurro, 3: from the inmost 
part of the bay a peninsula r.s out, ab 
intimo sinu peninsula ex., Liv. 26, 42, 
jin.: Curt.: Ov. 2. promineo, 2: v. 
TO PROJECT. [I]. Of time, to come to 
: exeo, 4, i77r.: V. TO EXPIRE 





— over: |. To drive over with 
1, obtéro, trivi, tritum, 3 
(lit. to trample on): he ran over a child 
knowingly, puerum haud ignarus ob- 
trivit, Suet. Ner. 5: Vv. TO TRAMPLE. 

9, expr. by equos (carpentum, ete.) 
agere per...: Liv. 1, 48. il. Fig. 
to treat lightly and summarily of: 

1, percurro, ciicurri and curri, cur- 
sum, 3: more fully, (res) oratione p, 
Cic. Div. 2, 46, med.: Virg. 2, per- 
stringo, nxi, ctum, 3 (lit. to graze: 
hence to touch a subject lightly): tor. 
over a subject rapidly, rem celeriter p., 
Cic. Ph. 2,19, 47. Join: leviter tran- 
sire ac tantummodo perstringere [un- 
amquamque rem}, id. R. Am. 32, extr. 

II]. As a cup, to overflow: siiper- 
fluo, 3: Vv. TO OVERFLOW. 

— round: VY. TO SURROUND, TO 
ENCOMPASS. 

— through or over: 1. perm 
curro, ciicurri, and curri, 3 (¢o traverse): 
to have r. over the globe, rotundum pere 
currisse polum, Hor. Od. 1, 28, 6: the 
moon r.ing over the compass of heaven, 
coeli circuitionem percurrens, Vitruy, 9, 
4. Fig.: to describe: to r, through in 
@ speech, oratione p.,Cic, Div. 2, 46, 96: 
to r. through the matter quickly, cur- 
riculo p., Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 11: to sure 
vey: tor. through with the eye, p. oculo, 
Hor. S. 2, 5,55. Frequent. percurso, €: 
Liv. 23, 42. 9. décurro, 3 (to come 
plete): having r. through the distance, 
decurso spatio, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 6: com- 
plete the task begun, inceptum decurre 
laborem, Virg. G. 2, 39. 8. pervagor, 
1: (pain) ran through all the limbs, 

0% 


RUN TOGETHER 





membra per vagabatur, Plin. Ep. 1,12: of 


planets compliting their orbits: Vitruy 
9,4. Phr: to r. through an estate, 
rem familiarem disperdere, dissipare, 
etc... v. TO SQUANDER. 

run together: concurro, curri, 3: 
all will r. together to meet me, concur- 
rent mi obviam omnes, ler. Eun. 2, 2, 
25: V. TO CONCUR, TO MEET, TO ASSEMBLE. 

—, to: accurro, curri, 3: a@ man 
7.s up to me, accurrit quidam, Hor S. 
I, 9, 3: to have recourse: to r. to the 
proctor, ad praetorem ac., Cic. Verr. 5, 
3, 7- 

— to seed: in sémen ire: Varr 
R. R. 161. 

— under: subterlabor, 
fundor: v TO FLOW BENEATH. 

—up: Phr. heranup temporary 
buildings, aedificia subitaria construxit, 
Tac. A. 15, 39. or expr. by repente 
(celeriter, festinanter) aediticare, con- 
stituere: cf. Hirt. B.G. 8,5. Fig-.: to 
r. up a bill, * (grande) aes alienum con- 
trahere, conflare (though these exprr. 
denote rather the incurring of heavy 
debts, thun of a sinyle bill). 

—— upon, against: |. Zo meet: 
vV.TO MEET. Prov.: ¢o r. against the 
post, in colummas incurrere, Cic. Or. 67, 
224. ||. To attack: v. TO ATTACK. 

run (subs.): |. Act of running or 
sailing : expr. by verb: they had a good 
r. for it, *summa virium contentione 
currendum erat: the 7. was too long for 
their strength, *longius quam pro viri- 
bus excurrendum erat: we made a 
capital r to Corcyra, Corcyram bellis- 
sime navigavimus, Cic. Fam.16,9. | I. 
Success of a play: the play had a good 
7. *saepius (et cum summo plausu) 
fabuls relata est, in scenam reposita est: 
ef. Ter. Hec. proi. 1,7: Hor. A. P. 190. 

Ul. Of @ rabbit, hare, etc.: perh. 
*cuniculorum (leporum, etc.) iter; locus 
ubi cuniculi, etc. meare (permeare) 
1, fiigitivus: usu. 


solent. 

runagate: t 

runaway : $a runaway slave (fugi- 
tivus a domino, Cic. Verr. 4, 50, 112): 
Caes.: Hor.: also in gen. sense: ef. Cic. 
1.c., fugitivus ab jure et ab legibus: a 
r. from business, rei familiaris f., Plin. 
Ep. 9, 28, 4. 2, perh. tigax (given 
to run away, whereas fugitivus denotes 
one who has actually absconded): play- 
fully, the runagate Pholoe, Pholoe fugax, 

or. 

running (subs.): cursus, tis: to out- 
strip a dog in r. cursu superare canem, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 51. Or by gerund: v. 
TO RUN. To havea r. at the nose, expr. 
by humor exit, per nares fertur: v. T0 
Rvs (iI.). 

running (adj.): Phr.: r. water, 
aqua viva, Varr. L. L. 5, 26, 123: so, 
flumen vivum, Virg. Aen. 2, 719: Liv.: 
(lympha fugax describes water as hur- 
rying by: Hor. Od. 2, 3, 12): a 7. sore, 
exulceratio mucosa, Cels. 5, 28, 15: pus- 
tula humida, ib. § 16 (v. ULCER): r. 
hand, * litterae cursivae (term used by 
critics to denote the free small writing 
of some MSS., as distinguished from the 
large square writing in capitals, litterae 
unciales) to write a free r. hand, *cala- 
mo facile libereque uti; manu ad scri- 
bendum facili habilique esse. 

rundlet, or runlet: 
cask : perb. dolidlum 
A small stream : 
Orr25 275007. 
Georg. 4, 19. 

rupture (swbs.): |, Separation of 
parties : 1, dissidium: Cic. Att. 1, 
Wy 2s Q. discidium: to produce ar., 
d. parere, Lucr. 1, 221: that no r.s take 
place between friends, ne qua amicorum 
d. fiant, Cic. Am. 21, 78. 3, séditio : 
a r. between the authors of peace and 
war, seditio inter belli pacisque auctores, 
Liv. 2, 16. 4, disjunctio: Cic. Am. 
21, 76. 5, dissensio: ib. 77. 6. 
diremtus, tis: id. usc. 1,29, 71. Phr.: 
to come te an open r., amicitias repente 
praecidere, id. Off. 1, 33, 120: societatem 
Girimere, id. Phil. 2, 10, 24: V. SEDITION, 
QUABREL. I]. A disease : 1, 

4o2 


subter- 


[. 4 small 
v. CASK. Il. 
1, rivulus: Cic. de 
Q, ténuis rivus: Virg. 


RUSH ON 


hernia Cels. 7, 17, 18 2. ramex, 
icis, Cels. l.c. 3. ruptum: Plin. 28, 
11, 48. ib.23,1,16. Phr. tf any in- 


ternal r has taken place, quacunque de 
causa ruptum aliquid intus .. est, Cels. 
2, 10. 

rupture (v.): rumpo, abrumpo, 3: 
v. TO BURST 

ruptured: 1, ruptus~ Mart. to, 
56, 8. Q, entérdcélicus: Plin. 26, 8, 


49: ib. 32, 9, 33- 3. ramicosus ib. 
30, 15, 47 : 
rural: 1. rusticns: r. affairs, 


res r., Cic. de Or. 1. §8, 2492 7 deities, 
r. humina, Ov. Met. 1, 192: 7. tribes, r. 
tribus, Plin. H. N. 18, 3, 3. Q, raralis 
(rare) r. work, opus rurale, Macrob. 
Sat.5,2.  §, agrestis 1. works, agres- 
tia opera, Col. prooem. 1,17. 4, ru- 
Ticdla (tenanting the country). r. Fauns, 
ruricolae Fauni, Ov. Met. 6, 392: v. 
RUSTIC. 

rush (s.): 1, carex, icis: fed on 

r.s, carice pastus, Virg. Georg. 3, 231. 
2. juncus: id. Ecl 1, 49: Plin. 
21, 18, 69. 3. scirpus, or sirpus: you 
are looking for a knot in @ r., nodum in 
scirpo quaeris, Ter. Andr. 5, 4, 39. 
rushes, bed of: 1, carectum : 
Virg. Ecl. 3, 20. 2. juncetum: Varr 
RAR S13: 

rush, used as adj.: 1, junceus: 
r, bonds, j. vincla, Ov. Fast. 4,870. 2, 
scirpeus, or sirpeus: @ r. boat, s. ratis, 
Pl. Aul. 4, 1, 9: Varn. L. L. 5, 139. 

3, scirpatus, or sirpatus: 7, baskets, 
or hampers, sirpata dolia, Varr. L. L. 
5,31,137. Phr.: not worth ar,, vilis- 
simus, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 21: do you not 
think it worth a 7r., non assis facis ? 
Catull. 40, (42), 13 
basket : scirpiciJus (sir.) - 
Lucil. in Non.; Prop. 

— lights: fila scirpes, Prudent. 
Cath. 5, 15- 

— ring: *scirpeus anulus. Phr.: 
to marry with a r. ring, *ficto matri- 
monio @ucere. 

rush, or rushing (subs.): 1, im- 
pétus, us with a great r.,magno impetu, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 6: having made a r., im- 
petu capto, Liv. 8, 3o. 9. incursus, 
us: the r. of waters, incursus undarum, 
Ov. Met.11,496. 3, incursio. Join: 
incursio atque impetus armatorum, Cic. 
Caec. 15, 44. 4, concursus, tis (a 
general r.): a r.is made to the prae- 
torium, fit c. ad praetorium, Caes. B. C. 
1,76: a r. having been made from all 
the camp, c. ex totis castris facto, Liv. 
25,39. Phr.: they took to flight with 
a r., praecipites fugae sese mandabant, 
Caes. B. G. 2,24: r. of blood, profilivium 
sanguinis, Lucr. 6, 1203: to make ar.: 
V. next art. 

rush (v.): 1, ruo, ui, itum, and 
ruitum, 3: the rivers r. from the moun- 
tains, ruunt de montibus amnes, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 164: others r. to the gates, alii 
ruunt ad portas, Liv. 25, 39. a. 
féror, latus sum: J r. into flames, in 
flammas .... feror, Virg. Aen. 2, 337: 
r.s headlong into mischief, per mala 
praeceps fertur, Hor. S. 1, 4, 31: the 
Rhine r.s rapidly, citatus fertur, Caes. 


B. G. 4, 10. 3. curro, ciicurri, cur- 
sum, 3: Vv. TO RUN, HASTEN. 
— away: avolo, 1: they r. away 


to Rome, avolant Romam, Liv. 1, 57: 
Vv. TO HASTEN, TO HURRY. 

— forth, or forward: 1. pro- 
rumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3: Tiber r.s forth 
to the sea, in mare prorumpit, Virg. Aen. 
4,32: her.s forth into the midst of the 
enemy, densos prorumpit in hostes, ib. 
10, 379. 2. proripio, ui, reptum, 3: 
with acc. of refl. pron. : they r. forth from 
the gate, sese porta foras proripiunt, 
Caes. B.C. 2,12: he r.’d out of the senate- 
house, se ex curia proripuit, Liv. 8, 30. 

3. profundo, fudi, fisum, 3: with 
acc, of refl. pron.: the whole body of 
archers r.d forth, omnis multitudo 
sagittariorum se profudit, Caes. B. C. 
3, 93- 

—— on, or into: 1, irruo, 3. 
when they r. into evil knowingly, quum 
in mala scientes irruunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 


RUST 





29: Decius r.’d into the midst of the 
host, in mediam aciem irruebat, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 19, 61° Aeneas r.s on, Aeneas 
irruit, Virg. Aen. 10, 579. 2. inféror, 
3,077.: he r.s into the midst of the fires, 
in medios ignes infertur, Liv. 4, 33. So, 
infero with acc. of refl..pron.: that no 
one should r. into danger of his life, ue 
quis se in vitae discrimen inferret, Cic. 
Balb. 10, 25; the Etruscans r.’d on with 
such violence, adeo concitato impetu se 
intulerunt, Liv 2, 14. 3. injicio, jéci, 
jectum, 3° with acc. of refl. pron.: I had 
heard that men of high renown had r.’d 
into the midst of the enemy, clarissimos 
viros se in medios hostes ... . injecisse, 
Auct. Dom.24,64. 4, incito,1: with 
acc. of refl. pron.: others r. from the 
camp, alii ex castris sese incitant, Caes. 
B.C. 2, 14: when the tide had r’d in 
Jrom the deep, quum ex alto se aestus 
incitavisset, id. B. G. 3,12. §, invdlo, 
1: Squillus r.s on Longinus, Longinum 
Squillus involat, Hirt. Alex. 52. 6, 
incurso, 1: J will r on you with fists, 
incursabo (te) pugnis, Pl. Rud. 3, 4, 17: 
to r. on the enemy, incursare in hostem, 
Liv. 8, 38. ‘7, occurso, 1: Varenus r.s 
upon him with his sword, occursat gladio, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 44. 8. irrumpo, ripi, 
ruptum: he r.s on that part of the 
enemy, in eam (partem) irrumpit, ib.: v. 
TO ATTACK. 

rushout: 1. évdlo,1: suddenly 
they r.’d out from all parts of the wood, 
ex omnibus partibns silvae evolaverunt, 
id. B. G. 3,28. 2, Erumpo, ripi, rup- 
tum, 3: the soldiers r’d out by the 
gates, milites portis erumpere, Sall. Jug. 
gg. _ Also with acc. of refl. pron. : portis 
se foras erumpunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 14. 

8. effundo, fadi, fusum, 3: with 

acc. of refl. pron.: when all the crowd 
had rd out, ubi omnis multitudo se 
effudisset, Liv. 29, 34. 4, Evého, vexi, 
vectum, 3: with acc. of refl. pron.; 
ring out unguardedly, incaute se eve- 
ee (ad 1 

rushi lj.) : . praeceps, cip- 
itis: r. tin waterfalls) Anio, pr. Anio, 
Hor. Od. 1, 7, 13: 7. Boreas, pr. Boreas, 
Ov. Met. 2, 185. 2. torrens: r. 
streams, t. flumina, Virg. Ecl. 7, 52: like 
r. water, torrentis aquae more, id. Aen. 
10, 603. 

rushy: made of rushes: 1, june 
ceus: 7. chains, j. vincla, Ov. Fast. 4, 
870. Q, juncinus: oil of r.s, oleum j., 
Plin. 15, ;, 3; 6 go: 8, scirpeus 
(sir): a r. image 8. imago, Ov. Fast. 
5, 659. 4, junctdsus: planted with 
rushes: r. shores, j. littora, Ov. Met. 4, 
231. 

rusk: perh. 1, crustum: Virg. 
Aen. 4, 114. 2, crustilum: Hor S, 
I, 1, 75: crustulum siligineuin: Sen. Ep. 
123, 2. 8, libum: Cato R. R. 74. 

russet (adj.): 1, rufus: Mart. 14, 
129. 2. rafulus: Plin. 25, 13, 94. 

8. russus: Gell. 2, 26, 6, 4, 

ravus: Hor. Od. 3, 24, 3. 5, sub- 
russus: Pl. Capt. 3,4, 115. 6, fulvus- 
Hor. Od. 4, 4, 14. (¥. RUDDY). 

russet (subs.): a sort of apple: 
*malum fulvum, or ferrngineum. 

rust (subs.):_ 1, gen. term: ro- 
bigo or rabigo, inis, f.: corroding r., 
scabra r., Virg. G. 1, 495. Fig.: talent 
injured by long r., ingenium longa r. 
laesum, Ov. Trist. 5, 12, 21: a disease 
in corn: Virg. G. 1, 151. ON Tai a 
iron: ferrigo, Plin. 23, 8, 79. 3. 
r of copper (verdigris): aerugo, Cic, 
Tusc. 4, 14, 32. 4, situs, is: 7. 
seizes the soldiers’ arms, occupat arma 
situs, Tibull. 1,11, 50. Fig.: the mind 
contracts 7. in darkness, mens in opaco 
situm ducit, Quint. 1, 2, 18. 

rust (t.): A, Intraps.: 1. 
expr by robigo, with a verb: to 7, more 
quickly, celerius r. trahere, Plin. 34, 9, 
21: ef. robigine infestari, id. 34, 15, 43 5 
robiginem sentire, id. 34, 14, 41. a 
very rare, robigino, 1: Apul. (to be 
avoided). 8, Fig.: torpeo, 2, torpes- 
co, pui, 3: they allow their talent to r., 
ingenium torpescere sinunt, Sall. Jug. 2: 
V. RUSTY, TO BECOME. Phr.: to r. away 





RUSTIC 





(fig.), situ corrumpi; situm dueere : 
vy. preced. art. B, Trans.. expr. by 
robigo and a verb: the earth r.s iron: 
terra ferro robiginem obducit, Plin. 17, 
43,927. 
rustic (a4j.): 1, rusticus: belong- 
ing to the country: r. manners, r. life, 
Yr. Mores, r. vita, Cic. R. Am. 27, 75. 
2, agrestis (usu. implying bourish- 
ness): the r. mouse, agrestis, Hor. S. 2, 
6, 98. Cic. Rosc. Am. L. c. 3. ruri- 
cla (poet.): 7. oxen, ruricolae boves, 
Ov. Met. 5, 479: 7. Fauns, ruricolae 
Fauni, ib. 6, 392. 4, ririgéna (poet.): 
ib. 765. Join: subagreste quiddam 
planeque subrusticum, Cic. Brut. 74, 


259. 

Bee iGo (subs.) : 1, rusticus: Hor. 
Ep. 1, 2, 42: Ov. 2. agrestis: esp. 
in pl.: gods of ther.s, agrestum numina, 
Virg. Georg. 1, 10: Cic. Mur. 29: Ov. 


rusticate: A. Intrans.: 1, 
rusticor, 1: Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22. 2: 
ruri habito, r: id. Off. 3, 31, 112. a 


Turi vitam ago: Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 20. 
Trans.: jl, rélégo, 1: v. TO BANISH. 
9, in rus Amando, 1: cf. Cic. Att. 7, 
13,3. Phr.: herd his son, filium ruri 
habitare jussit, id. Off. l.c. 
rustication: exsilium. 
rusticity : rusticitas, Ov. A. A. 3; 
128: Suet. Jul. 53. 
rustle: 1, crépo, ui, itum, 1: 
r.ing folds, sinus crepantes, Virg. Aen. 
11,775. Q, crépito, 1: the branch r.d 
with the wind, crepitabat bractea vento, 
ib. 6, 209. 3, susurro: the breath of 
the ring wind, aura susurrantis venti, 
Culex, 154. 4, inhorresco, horrui: 
Hor. Od. 1, 23, 5. 
rustling (@4j.): _Phr. : the r. grove, 
argutum nemus, Virg. Ecl. 8, 2: the 
whispering (rustling) pines, pini lo- 
quentes, ib. 
rustling (subs.) : 1. stridor, Oris: 
of locusts’ wings: Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 104. 
9, susurrus : Auct. Culex, 120. 
rusty: |. Lit.: robigindsus: a 
weapon r. with blood, telum sanguine r., 
Apul. De Socr. 5, p. 45, Elm. 
aernginosus: r. plates, aer. lamellae, 
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, init. Il. Not 
Sweet: rancidus: Hor. S. 2, 2, 89. 
Fig.: cross, ill-tempered. Join: 
difficilis ac morosus; Cic. Or. 29, 104. 
—, to become: 1. robiginem 
traho, xi, ctum, 3: Plin. H. N. 34, 9, 21. 
9. robiginem sentio, si, sum, 4: ib. 
14, 41. 8. robigine infestor, ib. 15, 
3 4, robigine squaleo: Quint. Io, 
I, 30. 
rut (subs.): a wheel track: orbita: 
scarcely to see the r., vix impressam or- 
bitam videre, Cic. Att. 2, 21. 
rut (v.): to have sexual desire (of 
animals): 1, lascivio: Col. 6, 24, 2. 
9, désidéro, 1: Col. ib. 27, 3. oS: 
concubitum sollicito, Virg. G. 3, Io. 
Rutting season: tempora concubitus, 
Col. 8, 15, 7. 
ruth: v. Pity, subs. 
ruthless: ], illacrimabilis: Hor. 
Od. 2, 14,6. Q, immitis: Virg. Georg. 
4, 492: V. PITILESS. 
ruthlessly ; v. HARSHLY, SEVERELY. 
rye: sécale, Plin. 18, 16, 40: *secale 
cereale, Linn. : : 
— ergot of: *secale cornutum, 
Eng. Tae 
T¥e-BTass : *lolium perenne: Eng. 
c 


—. Italian; * lolium Italicum, ib. 


S. 


ABAOTH : Sabaoth (the heavenly 
hosts): Hebr. word: Prud. 
sabbatarian: *sabbatarius (quem 


dicunt). 
Sabbath : |. Jewish : sabbita, 
orum, n. pl. (sing. does not occur): to 


fast on the S., sabbatis jejunium servare, 
Suet. Aug. 76: Hor.: Juv.: to keep the 
S., sabbatizo, 1: Tert. adv. Jud. fin. 
(= sabbata servo, observo): to breul 





SAC 


the S., *s. violare, negligere, non servare. 
||. Sabbaths, for Jewish festivals in 
general (as perhaps Coloss. ii. 16): out- 
landish festivals, peregrina sabbata, Ov 
R. Am. 219, 220: observant ubi festa 
mero pede sabbata reges, Juv. 6, 159: 
recutitaque sabbata palles, Pers. 5, 184: 
perh, the feasts of the new moon, trice- 
sima sabbata (7. e. the j3oth of the 
month), Hor. Sat. 1, 9, 69 Wl. Fig. 
a season of rest (i. e. sabbath of re- 
lease, Daniel: the eternal s., Dryden: 
s. of the tomb, Pope): sabbata; sabba- 
tismus, i, m. (vaBBatiopos), Vulg. Heb. 
iv. ro: Aug. C. D. 22, 10° *quies illa 
coelestis, divina, aeterna, etc. (N.B— 
When Sabbath is used for Sunday, it 
should be translated by sabbata.) 
sabbath- breaker: *sabbatorum 
negligens. 
—— -keeping: sabbatismus, Vulg. 
Hebr. iv. 9 
sabbatic, and -a]; sabbatarius, e. g. 
luxus, Sid. Ep. 1, 2, med. Or use gen. 
of sabbata: Vv. SABBATH. : 
sabine or savin: @ sort of juniper 
(juniperus Sabina, Linn.), used for in- 
cense. 1, herba Sabina, Cato, R. R. 
yo: Ov. F. 1, 343: or sabina (alone), 
Plin. 16, 20, 33. 2. brathy, ys, 7. 
(Bpabv), Plin. 24, 11, 64. 
sable: |. 4 small animal of the 
weasel family: *mustela zibellina, 
Linn. *sabellum, sabellinum, Du Cange: 
(anative of Siberia, little if at all known 
to the ancients: the only classical equi- 
valent is mus, miris, c., under which 
generic name all the weasel family were 
included: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.). 
I]. The skin or fur of the sable: 
*pellis zibellina: *pellis sabellina, Du 
Cange: murina pellis, Just. 2,2: @ dress 
of s.s, *sabellinum indumentum, [Du 
Cange: * indumentum ex pellibus zibel- 
linis consarcinatum (Georges): to be 
dressed in 5.8, *tergis zibellinarum 
indutum esse (Georges). 
sable (adj.): from the dark sum- 
mer-colour of the skin of the sable. 
|. Black (in heraldry): dark, sombre 
(poet.), with specific reference to dress 
and person, esp. as an epithet of night: 
1, caeriileus (xvaveos): c. puppis 
Charoutis), Virg. Aen. 6, 410: ¢. nox, 
tat. S. 1, 6, 85: c. umbra noctis, id. 
Mibs2s0528. Q, ater, nox atra, Virg. 
Aen. I, 89, et pass.: used with caeruleus: 
stant manibus arae, caeruleis moestae 
vittis atraque cupresso, id. 3, 63, 4: the 
sable mantle or vest of night (Spenser, 
Milton), atra vestis, Stat. Th. 7, 244. 
3, niger: nigrae silvae, Hor. Od. 1, 
21, 7: nigra nox, Ov. Met. 15, 187. 
Phr.: night, etc., in their sable arms 
embrace the fleet (Waller), trans. fr. 
Virg. Aen. 8, 369, nox ruit et fuscis 
tellurem amplectitur alis: cf. BLACK, 
DARK. I]. As subs. in pL: sables = 
mourning robes (e.g. a suit of sables, 
Shaksp.): nigra vestis, Juv. 10, 245: 
pullus ornatus; cf. pullis togis amicti, 
Inscr. ; V. MOURNING. 
sabot (Fr.) : a wooden shoe, worn by 
peasants, anciently by slaves: _— 1, pl. 
sculponéae, arum, f.: you ought to give 
(your farm servants) good sabots every 
other year, s. bonas alternis annis dare 
oportet, Cato, R. R. 59: distinguished 
from soleae, St. Emito.... soleas, Ch. 
Qui quaeso potius quam sculponeas, 
quibus batuatur tibi os? Plaut. Cas. 2, 
8, 59. 2, ligneae sdléae (put on a 
parricide when he was to be executed), 
Cic. Inv. 2, 149. 
sabre; acavalrysword: 1, gladius, 
i, m. (gen. term): V. SWORD. 2, aci- 
niicés, is, m.(Pers.): the Median s., Medus 
a., Hor. Od. 1, 27, 5. 
sabulosity (rare): sand, grit: si- 
bilo, Onis, m., Varr. R. R. 1, y, 5: sibi- 
lum, i, m.: Plin. 17, 4, 3. 
sabulous (rare): sabildsus, a, um: 
Vv. SANDY. 
sac; (in anatomy and nat. hist.), a 
membranous bag or pouch. 1, follis 
(= pellis) : used of the stomach, Macr.S. 
4, 4 Q. follicilus, i, m. (= vulva, 
Serv. Virg. G. 3, 136): Vv. POUCH. 





SACKER 





saccharine: “sacchirinus- v.susaR 

sacerdotal: perlaining to a priest, 
sicerdbtalis, €: s. games (given by the 
ig on entering office), ludi «., Plin. 

P- 7, 24: cf. Suet. Aug. 44, fin: 
s. name, nomen s., Macr S. 3,5 5s. office, 
dignity, orders, sacerdotium, Cic. Verr. 
2, 2, 51, 126: ¥. PRIFSTHOOD, 

sachel: v. SATCHEL. 

sack (suds.): |, A large strong 
bag: 1, saccus, i, m. (aaxxos), gen. 
of cloth: a mule was carrying sacks 
bulging out with a quantity of barley, 
tunientes multo saccus hordeo, Phaedr 2, 
7, 3: Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38,95. 2. ciiéus 
or culleus, i, m. (xoAeds, lon. xovAeds, 
a sheath), of Lather, for holding liquids ; 
Plaut. Ps. 1,2, 98: esp. the sack in which 
a parricide was seun up Jor execution, 
Cic. Inv 2, §0, 149: Suet. Aug. 33 Juv 


8, 214: sewn up in a sack, insutus in 
culeum . Vitam amittere, Cic. R. Am. 
II, 30. 8. folliciiius, a small sack: 
Vv. BAG. ||. 4 measure of coals, corn, 


etc.: saccus, the gen. term, is best, as 
our sack is variable: the culeus (= 20 
amphorae, nearly 119 galls.) is too large, 
and was a liquid measure. when definite 
(e.g. = 4 bushels of corn), say xxxii. 
modii. [|], A woman’s loose robe, also, 
a dress of sackcloth, saccus: Hier. Ep. 44. 
IV. The taking und pillaging of a 

city or territory, direptio, Onis, f.: the 
storming and sack of a town, expugnatio 
d.que oppidi, Suet. CL 21 the pillage 
and sack of the allies, expilatio direp- 
tioque sociorum, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75° v. 
PILLAGE. V, A sweet while wine (the 
name is said to be derived from Xeque, 
in Morocco), old gen. name of Spanish 
white wines, esp. Shervis (i. e. Xeres) 
sack, now sherry, and Canary sack 
(Sbhaksp.): vinum Hispanicum, *Cana- 
riense, or gen. vinum. 

sack (v. a.): |, Obsol., to put inte 
@ sack (or sacks), *in saccum (saccos) 
condere. ||, To plunder and lay waste 
(esp. @ city taken by storm). 1. di- 
ripio, ui, eptum, 3: to s. a town, oppidum 
d., Caes. B.C. 1, 21: tos. houses, tectad., 
Liv. 5, 41: tos. temples, d. templa hos- 
tiliter, id. 37, 21: (the soldiers) dispersed 
to s. the city, ad diripiendam urbem 
passim discurrerunt: (but Aemilius re- 
called them, saying) thut cities are s.’d 
when taken, not when surrendered, 
captas, non deditas, diripi urbes, id. 37, 
32, fin. 2. vasto, I (esp. of a country, 
as, I’ll sack this country with a mutiny, 
Shaksp.): v. Italiam, Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13 
partem provinciae incursionibus, Caes 
B. G. 5, 1. 8. popiilor, 1: (also of a 
country and lands: e.g. What barbarous 
invader sacked the land? Wenham) 
noctu populabatur agros, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 
jin. 4, spdlio, 1: spoliatis effossisque 
domibus, Caes. B. G. 3, 42: 8. fana socio- 
rum, Cic. Sul. 25, fin.: delubra, Sall. C. 
II: V. PILLAGE, PLUNDER. 

sackage: = sack, subs., No. IV. 

sackbut: obs. (except in Dan. iil. 5, 
where it is a mistranslation of sambiica, 
capuBvxn, a triangular stringed instru- 
ment of a sharp tone), the s. was a bass 
trumpet with a slide, like the modern 
trombone (the sagbut deep, Drayton): 
buccina, ae, f., and cornu, Us OF U, N., 
may perhaps be used 

sackcloth: ‘/e coarse cloth of which 
sacks are made, esp. worr next the skin 
by way of penance. |. The material 
and dress itself : ], saccus, i, m.: v. 
SACK: or, with special reference to the 
material, (i.) properly, of hemp, * canna- 
bum (sc. textum), vestis cannabina- 
(ii.) of flax, linteum, i, m. (esp. used for 
sailcloth): Vv. CANVAS. 2. = hair- 
cloth, cilicium, i, n. (xcAcxcov), the goat’s 
hair cloth made in Cilicia for tents: 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38, 95: Liv. 38, 7, post 
med. ||. Fig.: for mourning and 
mortification: toga sordida: in sack- 
cloth and ashes, sordidatus, Cic. Verr 
2, 2, 25, 62: v. Dict. of Ant. s. v. ToGa 
in luctu et squalore, Metell. ap. Cic. 
Fam. 5, I. 

sacker: one who sacks: direptor 
(rare): would Antony have been the 

"02 


SACKING 


SACRIFICER 





guardian or the sacker and ravager of 
the city ? custosne urbis, an direptor et 
vexator esset Antonius? Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 
24: V. PLUNDERER. 

sacking : |. The s. of a city, 

- = SACK, subs., No. IV., q. v. Ul. 
A stout cloth, used for supporting a bed: 

1, linteun, i, m.: v. CANVAS, SACK- 

CLOTH. 2. instita, ae, f. (properly a 
girth): Petr.g7. Phr.: tenta cubilia, 
Hor. Epod. 12, 12. 

sacking: a kind of coarse cloth: 
*textilium genus crassum atque asper- 
um: Vv. SACKCLOTH: made of s.,sacceus, 
Hier. 

sacrament: sacramentum: Serr. 
Eccl.; also mysterium may sometimes 
serve: V. MYSTERY. 

sacramental: ad  sacramentum 
(sacramenta) pertinens; or by gen.: 
e. g. they believe in s. efficacy,* mysticam 
quandam vim in sacramentis inhaerere 
credunt: the great s. controversy, 
*magna illa’ de vi proprietatibusque 
sacramentorum controversia. 

sacred : 1, sacer, cra, crum 
(most gen. term: set apart and reli- 
giously regarded): a s. grove, lucus s., 
Virg. Aen. 5, 761: et pass. (opp. pro- 
famus, not consecrated). 2. sanctus 
(denoting the quality which is the con- 
sequence of a thing being sacer or 
devoted to a deity; inviolate): the tri- 
bunes of the commons are to be s. (in- 
violate), trr. pl..... sancti sunto, Cic. 
Leg. 3, 3,9: a very s. day, dies sanctis- 
simus, id. Verr. 4,67, 151: Liv. Join: 
sanctus augustusque [fons], Cic. Tusc. 5, 
12, fin. ; sanctus integerque, id. R. Am. 
38, 10g. 3. sacrosanctus (formally 
placed under the protection of religion, 
inviolate: legal term, and stronger than 
preced.): Cic. Bal. 14 (sacrosanctum esse 
nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve 
sanxisset): Liv. 2, 33, inzt. (of the tri- 
bunes). 4, augustus (consecrated by due 
formalities and with proper auspices ; 
hence, venerable, regarded with awe: 
cf. Ov. F. 1, 609, augusta vocantur 
templa sacerdotum rite dicata manu) : 
Join: [Bleusis] sancta et augusta, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 42, fin. 5, sometimes 
divinus (relating to God, the gods) ; or 
expr. by religio, religiones, etc.: a s. 
poem, *carmen divinum: a s. war, 
*bellum pro religionibus susceptum 
(R. and A.): to regard a place as 
extremely s., locum summa caerimonia 
colere, Nep. Them. 8. 

sacredly: i.e. with the most scru- 
pulous fidelity. 1, sancté: to pre- 
serve anything most s., aliquid sanctis- 
sime servare, Cic. R. Com. 2, jin.: 
Quint. 2. réligidsé: v. scRUPU- 
LOUSLY. 3. pie (with dutiful and 
pious feeling): Join: pie inviolate- 
que [memoriam servare], Cic. Sen. 22, 
extr.: pie sancteque [colere deos], id. 
N@D: 1.920: 4, expr. by phr., cum 
summa religione, summa religione ad- 
hibita: v. SCRUPULOUSNESS, 

sacredness: sanctitas: Liv. 44, 29 
(s. templi]: Suet. Or expr. by adj.: 
nothing could exceed the s. of... .* nihil 
magis sanctum esse posset, etc. 

sacrifice (subs.) : |. Lit., the act 
of formally devoting something to a 
deity : 1. sacrificium: to offer or 
perform a s., s. [publicum] agere, Cic. 
Br. 14, 563 facere, id. Ph. 5, 9, 24: to 
forbid a person to take part in s.s, 
sacrificiis aliquem interdicere, Caes. B.G. 
6, 13. 2. res divina: esp. in phr., to 
offer s., rem d. facere, Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 
47: Ter.: Suet. (Both the preced. 
phrr. are somewhat more comprehensive 
than Eng., including any formal act of 
devotion.) 3, sacra, orum (esp. of 
stated religious services or 8.8): to 
worship with annual s.s, annuis sacris 
colere, Cic. Verr. 4, 39, 84: Curt. Zo 
offer s.: (1.) sacrifico, 1: Cic.: v. To 
SACRIFICE (A., I.), Also as pass. im- 
pers.: 8. was offered by the matrons, a 
matronis sacrificatum est, Liv. 27, 37, 
med. (2.) immolo, 1; with like constr. 
to preced.: Vv. TO SACRIFICE (A., I., 4). 
(3.) facio, 3 (Gr. pégev), in the poets 

704 


SADDLE 





foll. by abl. of the victim offered: Virg. 
E. 3, 77 (quum faciam vitula, when I 
shall offer s. with a calf). (4.) dpér- 
or, 1; esp. in p. part. ; engaged in offer- 
ing s., operatus, Virg. G. 1, 339: I'ac. 
A. 2, 14 (vidit se operatum, et sanguine 
Sacro respersa praetexta...). See also 
TO SACRIFICE. Il. The victim: vic- 
tima, hostia: v. victim. Oft. best 
expr. by imm@lo, 1: what s.s should be 
offered to each deity, quibus hostiis im- 
molandum cuique deo, Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 
29: to offer human s,s, homines im- 
molare, Caes. B. G. 6, 16. Wh. Any 
loss, esp. one voluntarily incurred : 
1, jactira (strictly, the throwing of 
goods overboard to lighten a ship): 
(to do anything) at a heavy s. (or cost), 
magnis jacturis, Caes. B. G. 6, 12: also, 
magna jactura, Cic. Clu. 8. Q. détri- 
mentum: v. LOSS. 8. damnum (a 
heavier loss than detrimentum): with 
the s. of her oun blood (offspring), 
damno sanguinis, Phaedr. 1, 28, Io. 
sacrifice (v.): A, Lit: I. 
Intrans.: to offer sacrifice. L 
sacrifico, 1: Cic. N. D. 2, 27, init. (prin- 
ceps in sacrificando): PI. 2. sacri- 
ficium, s. rem divinam facio, 3 (the 
usu. phr. to denote religious services in 
general, public or private): v. preced. 
art. (1.). 3, also simply facio, in both 
cases with abl. of victim offered; and 
operor, esp. in p. part. operatus, id. 
(1, fin.). 4. immdlo, t (less freq. 
without a subs. denoting the victim): 
as he was s.ing before the praetorium, 
quum immolaret ante p., Cic. Div. 1, 33, 
72. Also as pass. impers., immolatur, 
s. tis offered, they s.: v. preced. art. 
(1., 4). Other phrr. of general import 
may sometimes serve, é. g. sacris in- 
teresse, operam dare; deos sacris (sacri- 
ficiis) colere: ib. (I.); and comp. RITE, 
WORSHIP. ||. Trans: 1, im- 
modlo, 1: tos. an ox to the Muses, Musis 
bovem i., Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88: Caes. 
2. sacrifico, 1 (not as verb trans. in 
Cic.): to s. cattle with due formality, 
pecora rite s., Liv. 41, 18, med. : rarely 
with abl. of victim: Pl. 3. macto, I 
| (archaic and poet.): to s. picked sheep 
according to custom, lectas m. de more 
bidentes, Virg. Aen. 4, 57: Cato: Lucr. 
4, caedo, 3 (simply, to slaughter ; 
hence requiring something in context 
to define): Cic. Clu. 68, fin., deorum 
|mentes caesis hostiis placare (where 
hostiis indicates the act of s.ing): Virg. 
Aen. 5, 96 (caedit binas de more 
| bidentes). §, facio, 3 (intrans.): usu. 
with abl.: v. SACRIFICE, subs. (1., fin.) ; 
supr. (A., L., 3). Be higa |. Zo 
surrender to destruction:  Phr.: tos. 
, one’s life for umother, for the state, 
| Vitam pro aliquo [patria] profundere, 
cf. Cic. Off. 1, 24: pro patria occumbere, 
se morti tradere (v. BEHALF OF): he s.d 
one half of his army in order to save 
the other, *exercitus alterius partis 
salutem alterius partis damno redemit 
(Vv. SACRIFICE, swbs., ILI.). I]. 70 in- 
cur any loss, give up out of regard to 
some one else: 1. expr. by jacturam 
facio, with depend. gen. : not to s. the very 
least portion of glory, ne minimam qui- 
dem gloriae j. facere, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84: 
v. preced. art. (III.). 2. condono, 1 
(to do something contrary to one’s own 
Feelings out of regard for another): to 
s. all private animosities to the good of 
the state, omnes inimicitias reipublicae 
c., Cic. Ph. 5, 18, 50: Sall. Jug. 79 (se 
vitamque suam reipublicae c.): Cae 
8. concédo, permitto, etc.: v. To 
GIVE up. Phr.: to be willing to s. 
one’s own interest for another, prae com- 
modo alicujus omnia sua _ posthabere 
(negligere}, based on Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 9: to 
Ss. one’s own interest to the good of the 
state, *privatas utilitates civitatis 
{patriae] saluti posthabere (or expr. by 
anteponere, anteferre, with reversed 
constr.): V. TO PREFER. 
sacrificer: 1. popa (the officiat- 
ing minister of the priest, who brought 
the victim to the altar and felled it with 
an axe): Suet. Cal. 32: Cic. 2 in 














| gen. sense, a person engaged in offering 


sacrifice, expr. by tmperf. part. of 
sacrifico, immolo: v. TO SACRIFICE. 
(Not however in nom. sing., see L. G. 
§ 638: this may be expr. by is qui 
sacrificat, etc.) 

sacrificial : sacrificus (poet.): s. 
axe, securis s., Ov. M. 12, 249 (in prose 
simply culter or malleus: for the latter 
term [= pole-aze], see Suet. Cal. 32). 
(Usu. better expr. by sacrificium, -a: e. g., 
to write concerning s. observances, *de sa- 
crificiis[sacrificiorum institutis] scribere: 
to have a s. nature, *sacrificii naturam 
habere.) 

sacrificially : *sacrificii loco. 

sacrilege: 1. sacrilégiuim (not in 
Cic., but perfectly good for legal lang., 
as at. t.): Quint. 7, 3, 10, where it is 
thus defined: s. est, rem sacram de 
templo surripere: pl. = acts of s., Suet. 
Caes. 54, extr. 2. expr. by circuml. : 
e. g. sacrum auferre, Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40: 
templum (fanum) diripere, spoliare, vio- 
lare, cf. id. Verr. 4, 62, 139: Liv. 29, 18: 
also, TO ROB, PILLAGE. Sometimes expr. 
by sacrilegus: cf. Cic. Leg. 1. c., sacrilego 
poena est.... (there is a penalty for 
sacrilege). Phr.: to be guilty of s. 
(lay sacrilegious hands on anything), 
sacrilegas manus admovere (thesauris), 
Liv. 29, 18, med.: in more gen. terms, 
piaculum committere, ib.: v, PROFANA- 
TION. 

sacrilegious: sacrilégus: Liv.: v. 
SACRILEGE, extr. Esp. as subs., sacri- 
legus, a s. person: Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40: 
Quint. 

sacrilegiously : impié, spreta reli- 
gione, etc.: Vv. IMPIOUSLY, PROFANELY. 
More precisely expr. by sacrilegus, adj. : 
e.g. s. to appropriate...., sacrilegas 
admovere manus....: V. SACRILEGE, 
extr. 

sacrilegiousness: impiétas; or 
expr. by sacrilegium: Vv. IMPIETY, SA- 
CRILEGE. 

sacristan: aedituus, custos (tem- 
pli): Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 96. (Aedituus 
also appears in forms, aeditumus and 
aeditimus, which are thought to be 
older.) 

sacristy : sacrarium (a kind of cha- 
pel where holy things were kept): Cic.: 
Liv. 

sad: J. Feeling sadness : 16 
tristis, e (most gen. term): pass. Join: 
tristis, demissus, Cic. Mur. 21, 45 : tristis 
et conturbatus, id. Verr. 4, 14, 32. Some- 
what s., subtristis, Ter. Andr. 2, 6, 16: 
very s., pertristis (rare), Cic. poet. Div. 
I, 8, 14. 2. moestus, more correctly, 
maestus, (mournful ; bearing the show 
of grief on one’s countenance and ex- 
terior generally) : s. and troubled coun- 
tenance, m. et conturbatus vultus, Auct. 
Her. 3, 15, 27: Virg. Join: moestus 
tristisque, Pl.: m. ac sollicitus, Hor. S. 
I, 2, 3: V. MOURNFUL. Yo be sad, 
moerere, in tristitia ac moerore esse; 
jacére (to be quite prostrate): v. TO 
GRIEVE;GRIEF. |], Causing sadness ; 
distressing : 1, tristis: a sad lot, t. 
sors, Cic. Mur. 20, 42: Liv. Q. acerbus 
(keenly distressing): @ s. conflagration, 
a. incendium, Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61. ge 
misérandus, misérabilis: v. MISERABLE, 
PITIABLE. II]. Colloquially, in such 
phrr. as, a sad rogue : expr. by germanus, 
genuine, thorough (cf. Cic. Att. 4, 5, scio 
me asinum germanum fuisse), or with 
adj., plane (v. ALTOGETHER): you s. dog! 
improbe! v. RASCAL, ROGUE. 

sadden: contristo, 1: Coel. in Cic, 
Fam. 8, 9, extr.: Sen. Or expr. by cir- 
cuml, we were not a little s.’d by this 
news, *nos hic nuntius cunctos tristitia 
affecit, tristes demissosque reddidit : 
see also TO GRIEVE. 

saddle (swbs.): 1, &phippium (Gr. 
édimmov; the use of the saddle being 
learned from the Greeks): Cic. Fin. 3, 4, 
15 (where it is referred to as a word 
current, but of questionable authority) : 
esp. pl.: to ride with a s., ephippiis uti, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 2: Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 43 
(optat ephippia bos piger, optat arare 
caballus) : a s.-horse, (equus) ad ephip- 











SADDLE 





pium. Varr. R.R. 2, 7, fin. (See Dict. 
Ant. p. 464.) 2, sella (late): horses 
for war, the race-course, the $., proeliis, 
circo, sellis [utiles equi], Veg. Vet. 4, 6, 
init.: and a little further on, ad usum 
sellae Persis meliores equos praestat. 
(Stragulum horse-cloth , | whereas 
ephippium denotes a proper saddle.) 





is 





SAFETY 


tified, protected): no one’s chastity s. 
against ...., nullius pudicitia m. contra 
.«, Cic. Verr. 5, 15, 39. Compar. 
munitior occurs, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, med. 
(se munitiorem ad custodiendam vitam 
fore quam Africanus fuisset). ||, Un- 
injured ; having passed. through danger 
unhurt : 1, salvus (safe and sound ; 


Phr.: some horses are better fitted for | having escaped peril of life or existence) : 


the s. others for draught, equi alii 
melius equitem patiuntur alii jugum 
R. and A.) and vy. supr.: to be firm 
in the s., equo firmiter insidere, cf. Liv. 
7, 6: in equo [bene] haerere, Cic. Deiot. 
10, 28 (equo haerere, poet., Hor. Od. 3, 
24, 55): @ horse with s. and bridle on, 
equus stratus ac frenatus: v. foll. art. 
saddle (v.): |. Lit.: 1, sterno, 
stravi, tum, 3: to s. and bridle horses, 
equos sternere, infrenare, Liv. 37, 20, fin. 
Also perh. insterno, 3: id. 34, 7 (where 
however equus speciosius instratus in- 
dicates the entire caparisonment of a 
horse). 2, &phippium s. sellam [equo]} 
impono: cf. Phaedr. 1, 15, 8 (clitellas 
imp.): Vv. SADDLE, subs. Phr.: a horse 
s.d and bridled, equus instructus 
frenatusque, Liv. 21, 27, jin. (Gron.e 
conj., instratus: cf. supr.) Il. Fig.: 
to saddle with ; i. e. to impose a burden 
upon: nearest word, impono, 3 (with 
ace. and dat.): he s.d his country with a 
heavy debt, * civitati in posterum grande 
aes alienum imposuit [civitatem grandi 
aere alieno oppressam reliquit]: v. TO 
MMPOSE, 

saddled (part.andadj.): 1, stratus: 
v. preced. art. épbippiatus (of 
the rider, habitually using a saddle ; 
whereas stratus refers to the horse only): 
s. cavalry, e. equites, Caes. B. G. 4, 2. 

saddle-bags: 1, bisaccium (lit. 
a double-bag ; one bag hanging on each 
side): Petr. 31 (= sacci utrimque assuti, 
Erbard in Burm. a. |.). 
(as the interpretation of the passage in 
Petr. is doubtful), hippdpérae, arum: 
Sen. Ep. 87, 7 (Gr. immornpat). 

—-bow: peth. *sellae pila, apex. 

—-cloth: stragiilum (used as a 
kind of saddle): Sen. Ep. 87, init. 

— -horse: equus sellaris, cf. Veg. 
Vet. 4, 7 (jumenta sellaria); equus ad 
sellae usum aptus: Vv. SADDLE. 

“al éphippiarius: Insecr. (For- 

ll. 

Sadducee: Sadducaeus: Vulg. N.T. 

: 1, moeste (maeste): Auct. 
Her. 3, 14, 24. 2. in compar. and 
superl, tristius, tristissime (more, most 
s.): the use of the newt. triste as adv. is 
poet.; Hor. S. 1, 8,41: Stat. (Also the 
adjj. may be often used: he sat s. on the 
shore, *moestus in litore sedebat: he 
began s. to return, redire moerens coepit 
ad..., Phaedr. 1, 3, 10: v. L.G. § 343.) 
See also, PITIABLY, MISERABLY. 
sadness: 1, tristitia (most gen. 
term): opp. to laetitia, Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 
92: to give oneself up to tears and s., 
lacrimis ac t. se tradere, Luce. in Cic. 
Fam. 5,14. 2, moestitia (maes-: for 
syn. v. SAD): fo banish s. (dejection and 
gloom) from the mind, m. ex animis 
pellere, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43: opp. to bila- 
titas, risus (the outward demonstration 
of an opposite state of mind), id. Off. 1, 
41, 146. (For dolor, moeror, luctus, v. 
SORROW, GRIEF.) Phr.: overwhelmed 
with s., aegritudine afflictus, Cic. Tusc. 
4 16: ef. Virg. Aen. 2, 92, afjlictus vitam 
wn tenebris luctuque trahebam. 

safe (subs.): cella (for provisions) : 
Cic. Sen. 16: Cato. For meat, perh. car- 
narium (or perh. = meat-hook) : Col. 12, 
53. For money and other valuables, 
* arca ferrea, ferrata, munita: v. CHEST. 

safe (adj.): |. Free from danger: 

1, tiitus (of persons, places, journeys, 
etc.): the breeze shall waft me s. through 
..,,me tutum per.... feret, Hor. Od. 3, 
29,63: a perfectly s. harbour, portus tu- 
tissimus, Caes. B. C. 3, 27: Cic.: et pass. : 
safe from ...., tutus ab(a)...., Caes. 
B. G. 4, 14 (tutus a periculo): Phaedr.; 

-: less freq., tutus adversus...., 
els. 5, 29, 3 (adversus venenorum peri- 
@ala tutum corpus). 





2. munitus ( for- 


if the commonwealth shall be preserved 


s. for the next five years, si resp. ad | 


quinquennium proximum servata erit, 
Liv, 22, 10: to lead an army through s. 
and unhurt, exercitum s. et incolumem 
transducere, Caes. B.C. 2, 32. Join also, 
salvus et sospes, Ang. in Suet. vit. 28. 
(Often salvus = alive; esp. of recovery 
from dangerous illness.) 2. sospes, 
itis (a word expressiug more than salvus, 
and having a semi-poetical colouring : 
heaven-favoured, under auspicious cir- 
cumstances): Join: salvus et sospes, 
Pl.: sospes incolumisque, Plin. min. : 
sospes et superstes, Pl. —_ 3, incdliimis: 
e (unhurt, unimpaired): Join: integer 
et incolumis, Cic. Cat. 3, 10, fim.: ine. 
atque intacta, id. Rep. 2, 6: salvae et 
inc. [civitates], id. Inv. 2, 56, 169. [I]. 
Fit to be trusted: 1, tiitus: s. ears 
which will not betray a secret), t. aures, 
or.Od.1,27,18. Q, fidus: v. TRUSTY. 
safe-conduct: 1, fides, éi (any 
formal engagement): often with publica 
(denoting an engagement on the part of 
the state): to bring (Jugurtha) to Rome 
under a §., eum iuterposita fide publica 
Romam duceret, Sall. Jug. 32: Cic. (the 
notion of -conduct lies of course in the 
duceret, not in the noun). 9, less 
freq., diploma, iitis, m. (a state letter of 
recommendation given to persons tra- 
velling ; although this was of course usu. 
given to a friend or person entitled to 
honour ; whereas the fides publica inter- 


9. perh. better | posita implies that the person so pro- 


tected is an enemy or by law liable to be 
arrested): more fully, diploma quo quis 
tutior sit, Sen. Clem, 1, 10, fin. 

—— -guard: 1, cautio (act or 
mode of guarding against): there is 
but one s. against these evils, horum 
incommodorum una c. est [atque una 
provisio], Cic. Am. 21, 78 (foll. by ut 
ne): the same sense may be expr. by 
verb: ab his incommodis haud aliter 
cavendum est, quam si...: V.T0 GUARD 
AGAINST, 92. propugnactlum (a@ bul- 
wark or work of defence): Join: pro- 
pugnacnla murique (tranquillitatis), Cic. 


in Pis. 4, 9 (where the reference is to | 


certain laws): V.BULWARK. 3, mirus 
(a wall of defence : only rhetor. or poet.) : 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 60 (hic murtis aheneus esto, 
a wali of brass, i. e. an impregnable s.) : 
Cic. in Pis. lc. 4, minimentum (pro- 
tection, defence): Tac. H. 4, 52 (firma 
imperii m.): Liv. 
——-keeping: fides: v. PROTEC- 
TION. 
safely: 1, tite and tutd (notiden- 
tical in meaning; see exx.): to live s. 
= in a safe manner), tute vivere, 
Auct. Her. 3, 5, 9: to fight s. (=in 
safety), tuto dimicare, Caes. B. G. 3, 24: 
more §., tutius, ib. 3, 13: superl. both 
tutissime (= in the safest manner) and 
tutissimo (in the greatest safety): Cic. 
2. expr. by adj.: he lunds them s. 
on the other side of the river, (eos) inco- 
Jumes trans fluvium exponit, Virg. Aen. 
6,416: they arrived s. at ..., incolumes 
pervenerunt.,.: V.SAFE (cf. L.G. § 343). 
safety: 1, siilus, utis, f. (pre- 
servation) : to have regard to one’s own 
s. (life), suae s. consulere, Caes. B. G. 5, 
27: s. of states, s. civitatium, Cic. Rep. 
ropras 9. incdliimitas (state of being 
unhurt or unimpaired: as in the case 
of one who has come in s. through 
dangers): Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168 (inc. ac 


libertatem retinere): to promise s_ to} 


those surrendered, deditis inc. pollicert, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 28. 8. in oblique cases 
only, use neut. of tiitus: to put anything 
in a place of s., aliquid in tuto collocare, 
‘Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 1£: so, in tutum re- 
cipere, Liv. 2, 19. Comp. the use of tuto, 
in safety: Cic. ene 3: Caes. 4. 
2Z 


SATL 





! expr. in safety, by incdlimis, salvns, 
SOspes: Vv. SAFELY. 

safety-valve: * spiraculum quo se 
erumpens vapor effugiat. 

8 on (subs.): crécus (rarely -um): 
Virg.: Plin. Used for the colour and 
perfume made from saffron: Lucr. 2, 
416: Hor. 

saffron (a2dj.):_ _—1, créceus: s. per- 
Sumes, c, odores, Virg. G. 1, 56: also 
with simple ref. to colour, id. Aen. 1, 
| 649 (c. acanthus). 2. crécinus (made 
of or from s.): 8. ointment, crocinum 
unguentum, Cels. 3,18, med. Also = of 
the colour of s., Cat. 68, 134. 3. cro- 
catus (late): Plin. 

sagacious: 1, priidens (sensible) : 
no brute more s. than the elephant, 
beluarum nulla prudentior, Cic. N. D. 1, 
35,97: 5. in criticism, in existimando p., 
id. Br. 68, 239. Join: [vir natura] 
peracutus et prudens, id. Or. 5,18. 2, 
aicitus (keen, shrewd): cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 
39, homo ingenio prudentiaque acutis- 
simus. Strengthened, peracutus: v. 
| supr. (1). 3. sdgax (strictly, sharp- 
scented, as a hound): most s. (sharp- 
scented) in suspecting, sagacissimus ad 
suspicandum, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19: ex 
tremely s. in drawing inferences, in 
conjecturis sagacissimus, Just. 1, 9, med. 
Join: (animal, sc. homo) providum, 
Sagax, ...acutum... plenum rationis 
et consilii, Cie. Leg. 1, 7, 22. See also, 
SHREWD, PRUDENT. 4, perspicax (keen- 
sighted, penetrating): Cic.: Ter. Phr.: 
an elephant less s. (than the rest), eie- 
phantus tardioris ingenii, Plin. 8, 3, 3. 

sagaciously: 1. pridenter: Cic.: 
Aug. in Suet.: v. PRUDENTLY. z. 
Aciité (keenly; shrewdly): Lucr.: Cie. 

8, sigaciter (vith penetrating intel- 
ligence): Cic. de Or. 1, 51, fin. (8. inves- 
tigare): Liv. 

sagacity: 1, pridentia (sensible- 
mess): Plin. 8, I, 1 (of elephants): cf. 
SAGACTOUS (1). 2. sagacitas (keen- 
tracking wit, resembling the instinct of 
hounds which track by scent): Cic. Vert. 
2, 1, 41, 105: thes. of Hipparchus disco- 
vered ..., Hipparchi sagacitate repertum 
est, Plin. 2, 13, Io. 3. perspicacitas 
(sharp-sightedness): Cic.: ¥. PENETRA- 
TIon. Phr.: possessed of (great) s.. 
prudens, alti ingenii, etc. (v. SAGACIODS): 
wanting in s., hebes, tardus (tardioris 
ingenii): Vv. DULL, SLOW. 

sage (subs.): the plant, salvia: Plin. 
(*S. officinalis, Linn.). 
| sage (adj.): sipiens, priidens, etc, : 
| V. WISE, PRUDENT. 

sage (subs.): a@ wise man, sapiens : 
V. WISE (Man); PHILOSOPHER. 

sagely : pridenter, sipienter : 
WISELY, 
| gago: * medulla cycae (R. and A.). 





Vv. 


sail (subs.) : j. Lit: 1. vé- 
lum (gen. term): to set s., vela dare, 
| Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187: Virg.: more 





rhetorically, v. pandere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 
extr.: somewhat different is vela facere, 
to make s.,as distinguished from rowing, 
Cic. ‘use. Lc.: to furl s., vela contra- 
here, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 24: subducere, 
Auct. B. Alex. 45: legere, Virg. G. 1, 
73: full s., velis passis, Cic. Tuse. 1, 
49, 119. 2. poet. carbasus, i, f.: m 
pl. carbisa, orum (lit. a kind of fiax: 


| used by meton. like our canvas): Virg. 
Aen. 3, 357. 3, only pl. lintea, 
orum: ib. 3, 686 (dare lintea retro= 


dare vela....). Phr.: to set s, le. to 
commence a voyage, navem, Daves sol- 
vere (weigh anchor), Caes. B. G, 4, 36: 
see also supr. (1). Il. Meton. = 
ship: use navis. |||. Gf a@ windmill - 
perh. brachium or vélum. 

sail (v.): |. To use &, be pro- 


pelled by means of ss: Véla flicio, 3. 
Cic. v. preced. art. tnit. I]. Jn wider 
sense, to go by sea,make a voyage: 1, 


navigo, 1 (to go by sea, whatever the 
motive power) suitable weather for 
s.ing, idoneum tempus ad navigandum, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 23: et pass. Comps. (1.) 
Enavigo, 1 (to s. out, get clear of a cer- 
tain place): Cic. Tusc. 4, 14 Jin. (e 
scrupulosis cotibus e., fig): Suet. (2.) 
7°5 





SAIL-CLOTH 


SALT 


SALUTE 








pernavigo, 1 (to s. through: v. RACE): 
Plin. (3.) circumnavigy, 1 (to s. round): 
Vell. 2, expr. by comps. of véhor 
ctus, 3 (to be conveyed in what-oever 
way: the simple v rb iu present sense 
perb. does not occur): (1.) advéhor, 3 
(tos toa p'ace): Sall. Jug. 86 (Marius 
Uticam advebitur). (2.) Gvéhor, 3 (to 
s. out, go out to sea: preterable 10 
enavig:)): s ing out from the Egean sea, 
they crossed over to Velox, ev. cti Aegaeo 
mari Delum trajecerunt Liv. 44, 28 
extr.: cf. id. 21, 50, init , in altum evehi 
(opp. to the notion of remaining c ose 
ashore) __(3.) trausvéhor. 3 (to s. or 
cross over): Sall, Jug. 18 (Medi navibus 
in Africam tra: svecti): Liv. (4) prae- 
tervébor, 3 (to s. past): Caes. B.C 3, 26. 
(5) circumvéhor, 3 (to s. round): Liv. 
Io. 2 (circumvectus Brundisii promon- 
torium, having rounded it) (6.) :&- 
véhor, 3 (to s. back): Hor. 3. tos 
along, coast along, légo, légi. cum, 3: 
Liv. 21, 51, fim.: decem oavibus oram 
Italiae legens. Also in same sense 
praelegs, 3: Tac [|]. Zo set out on 
@ voyage : véla dare, uavem (naves) sul- 
vere: Vv. preced art. IV. Fig. to 
move along through the air: usu térer 
3, ur.: ef. Virg. G. 1, 397 (af the move- 
ment of light fleecy clouds) 

sail-cloth;: perb. linteum nauticum. 

sailer: Pbhr.: a good s, *vavis 
habilis ac velox; magna (summa) mo- 
bilitate ac celeritate navis ; qua celeriter 
navigari putest 

Salling: «xpr. by verb: V. TO SAIL. 
See also NAVIGATION. 

sailor : uauta; p et. navita: passim. 
Phi.: they are every way the best ss, 
scientia atque usu nauticarum rerum Ss. 
reliquos antecedunt, Caes. B.G. 3, 8: no 
&., Terum nauticarum imperitus 

Sailvard: antenna: Caes.: Virg. 
The extremity of the s., to which were 
attached the vopes, cornu: Virg. Aen. 3, 
549: Ov. : 

saint: vir sanctus, femina sancta: 
also. in Eccl. Latin, as title of holy 
and canonized persons, Beatus (Beata) ; 
Divus (Diva): Breviary. 

sainted; best word perh. beaitus 
(comp. Ger. selig) ; V. BLESSED. 

Saint John’s wort: hypericum: 

— bread: siliqua Graeca: Col. 
Arb. 25. Also, simp'y siliqua: Plin. 

salatly: sanctus, pius: v. HOLY, 
PIOUS. 

Saintship: perb. sanctitas, sancti- 
tiido: V. HOLINESS. 

sake: in phr., for (some one’s) s. 

], gratia or causa, with depend. 

gen.: cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158, where the 
two are combined, tantum abesi ut haec 
bestiarum causa creata sint, ut ipsas 
bestias hominum gratia generatas esse 
viueamus: also, id, Fin. 1, 10, extr 
(which latter passage proves that the 
words are exactly synonymous): to 
name a person for the s. of doing him 
honour, aliquem bonoris gratia (causa) 
nominare, id. Quint. 7, 28. . less 
freq. ergo, following the gen. dependent 
upon it (savuuring of legal or archaic 
phraseology): for the sake of this law, 
hujus legis ergo, Cic. Att. 3, 23: S.C. 
in Liv. 25, 7 (dono militari virtutis ergo 
donari) 3, ob, propter, with acc. (on 
account of): v. L. G. § 556. 4. pro, 
with ab/. (for, on behalf of ): to die for 
the sake of one’s country, pro patria 
mori, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 13. Phr.: for 
heaven's s.! prodeum [atque hominum ] 
fidem ! Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 2: Cic. 

salacious: salax: v. WANTON. 

salad: Acétaria, orum, x. pl.: Plin. 
19, 4, 19 § 58. 

salaam: Phr.; to make @ s., 
*Orientalium more corpus ad terram 
iuclinare. 

salamander: salamandra: Plin. 

salary: 1. merces, édis, f.: v. 
WAGES, PAY, 2. salarium (late: 
strictly, salt-money for so'diers : subse- 
quently in wider sense): Suet. Tib. 46 
(comites peregrinationum expeditionum- 
que nunquam salario, cibariis tantum. 

100 





sustentavit): Ulp. Dig. (N.B.—Mer- 
ces is the preferable word: cf. Suet. 


Gr. 7.) 
sale: |. Means or course of sell- 
ing: 1, venditio. Cic. R. Am. 38, 


110: Sen. 2. venus, iis; or venum, i 
(only in forms, venui, veno, venum ; 
the last of which is the only frequent 
ene): to offer for s., venum dare, Liv. 
24,47: 80, to go or be offered for s. (be 
sold), venum ire, id. 3, 55: incentives of 
luxury offered for s., porita veno irrita- 
menta luxus, Tac, A. 14, 153; for which 
also, venui subjicere, Apul. 8. in 
phr. for s.: venalis, e : to have pleasure- 
grounds for s., hortos venales habere, 
Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58: so fig. of corrupt 
Rome, urhbem venalem. ... , Sall. Jug. 
35, ectr. (In same sense, but less good : 
promercalis, Suet.; Col.: and venali- 
cius, Petr.) Other Phrr.: having 
a (ready) s., vendibilis (v SALEABLE): 
to advertise for s., proscribere, Cic. Off. 
3, 16 (Claudius proscripsit insu:aim, vend- 
idit}; also [aedes venles] inscribere, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 92 (the latter denoting 
an inscription UPON something, like our 
TO LET): to be (exposed) for »., pro-tare, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 2 (liber pro-tat) : formal 
contract of s. (strictly, purchase), man- 
cipium, mancipatio: the exact te. ms of 
the contract being, mancipii (m -ncipi) 
lex, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178: piecemeal s., 
distractio (legal term), U'p. Dig. 14, 3, 
5, § 12. ||. Public auction: meton. 
hasta; because a speax was planted in 
the ground as symbol of auction: end- 
less s.s. (and conjiscations), infinita h., 
Cic. Ph. 4, 4, 9. Or expr. by vendere, 
praeconis voci subjicere, etc.: v. TO 
SELL. 

saleable: vendibilis, e: Hor. Ep. 1, 
17, 47: Cic. 

salesman: Pbhr.: to bea good s., 
*mercium venditandarum bene peritum 
esse. 

salient: Phr.: s. points (in an 
argument), *capita disputationis, ser- 
monis, etc. (Vv. PRINCIPAL, adj.): there 
was nothing s. (about a speech), *nihil 
erat quod emineret. 

saline: salsus: v. SALT (subs. and 


adj.). 5 
saliva: 1, saliva: Cat.: Juv. : 
Plin. : 2. sputum: v. SPITTLE. 
salivary: Phr.: s. glands, 


*glandes eae quibus conficitur saliva. 

salivate: salivo, 1: Col. (aegrotum 
pecus s., R. R. 6, 5, med.). 

salivation: salivatio: Coel. Aur. 

sallow (subs.): a tree, salix, icis, f.: 
v. WILLOW. 

sallow (adj.): pallidus, vépallidus, 
liridus: v. PALE, GHASTLY. 

sally (v.): Grumpo, mipi, ptum, 3: 
to s. foth from a camp, e castris e., 
Caes. B. G. 3, 5: Sall.: Liv. In same 
sense, eruptionem facere, Caes. B. G. 2, 
33 (a pbr. suitable to denote a more 
formal and preconcerted movement). 
Somewhat difterent is excurrere, excur- 
sionem facere, which denote cownter- 
movements, forays, raids, made from a 
city or camp, whether besieged or not : 
V. FORAY, RAID. 

sally (subs.): |, Lit.: Gruptio: 
v. preced. art. I]. Fig.: in such 
phrr. as,q@ s. of wit, perb. *argutae et 
quasi se erumpentes facetiae. 

sally-port: perh. *porta (portula) 
ad eruptionem faciendam apta. 

salmon: salmo, Onis, Plin.: Aus. 
(*salmo salar, Linn.): s.-colour, *color 
salmonaceus, qui dicitur. 

salmon-trout: firio, 
‘Aus. Id. 10, 130. 

saloon: perh. atrium or conciliabi- 
lum: v. HALL. 

salt (subs.): |. Lit.: sal, salis, 
m.: fine, white s., s. candidus, Cato, 
R. R. 88: common s., 8. popularis, ib. ; to 
lay anything in s., aliquid in sale pon- 
ere, ib.: to keep it there, in s. habere, 
ib.: vock or sea s., s. fossilis, marinus, 
Varr. R. R. 2, 11, med.; called respec- 
tively, s. maritimus, fossicius, ib. 1, 4, 
ad fin.: a grain of s., salis mica, Plin. 

I. Fie. of elegance and wit, 


Onis, m.: 





sales, ium: Cic. Fam. 9, 15 (8. Attici) s 
Vv. WIT. : 

salt (adj.): 1, salsus (impreg- 
nated or prepared with s.): this is (too) 
s., hoc salsum est, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, JI: S. 
(briny) tears, s. lacrimae, !ucr. 2. 
salitus: v. SALTED; TO SALT. Phr.: 
s. water (=sea-water), aqua marina, 
Pall. Oct. 14: s. fish, salsamenta, orum: 
Ver. Ad. 3, 3,26: dealer in s. fish, salsa- 
mentarius : Suet.: Hor. 

salt (v.): ie. to preserve in s., silio, 
4: Col. 6, 32: Cato. Or by circuml., 
sale condire (Vv. TO PICKLE, PRESERVE): 
how to s. meat, salsura carnis ut fiat, cf. 
Col. 12, 53. 

salt-cellar: salinum: Hor. Od. 2, 
16, 14. Dimin. salillum (a little s.): 
Catull. 

salted (part.adj.): salitus: s.tunny, 
s. thynnus, Col. 6, 32: v. sat (adj.). 

salting (subs.): s»lsira, salitira: 
Col.: s.-tub, vas salsamentarium: Col. 
2. Io, med. 

saltish: subsalsus: Cels.: Plin. 

salt-mine: salifédina: Vitr. 8, 3, 7. 

saltness: 1, salsitiido: Vitr. 1, 
4, II. 2, salsédo (rare): Pall. Oct. 
14, init. (salsug., Plin. 31, 7, 42, is @ 
kind of s. formation). 

salt-pits: eae arum: Cic. 

salt-works: § N. D. 2, 53, 132. 

saltpetre, nitrum: Plin. 31, ro, 46. 
Place or pit for digging s., nitraria, ib. 

salts: use sal, with some defining 
term. 

salt-water: V. SEA-WATER. 

salt-works; silinae, arum: Plin. 
37,1, 39: V. SALT-PITS, 

salubrious: 1, salubris and 
saliber (Varr.: Ov.): esp. as epith. of 
places and climate (favourable to 
health): Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79 (opp. pest- 
ilens): Caes. B. C. 3, 2 (saluberrimae 
regiones). 2. saliitaris,e (conducive 
to health, healthy : vot used of places): 
Vv. HEALTHFUL. WHOLESOME. ‘8, s:alli- 
tifer (poet.): Ov.: Mart. 

salubriously : salubriter: Cic, 

salubriousness: salibritas: Cic. 
Div 1, 57, 131: Liv. 

salutary: 1, salataris, e (pro- 
motive of health and well-being gener- 
ally): Join: bona ac salutaria fopp. 
mala perniciosaque ], Cic. Leg. 1, 16, 44: 
[res] utiles et s., #1. N. D. 1, 15. %$' 
salibris (also -ber), e (more freq. with 
ref. to bodily health only: v. sALuU- 
BRIOUS): (@ circumstance) s. in respect 
of the severity of the lesson, severitate 
exempli s., Plin. Ep. 2, 11, imié.: s. 
counsels, 8. consilia, Cic. Att. 8,12: Tac. 

8. utilis, e: v. USEFUL. To be s., 

prodesse, adjuvare (the latter with acc.): 
VY. GOOD, TO DO; AID. 

salutation: 1. salutatio: topay 
or offer s., s. facere, Liv. 1, 1, ad fin. 
(inter exercitus s. factam). Comps. 
consalutatio, Cic. Att. 2, 185 persa- 
lutatio (assiduous s.,s. of all), id. Mil. 
21, 44: resalutatio (return of s.), Suet. 
Ner. 37. 2, more freq. expr. by 
silus, itis, f. (“health ;’ the word used 
in salutations): esp. in phr., salutem 
dicere, s. dicere plurimam, multam, Cic. 
Ep. pass.: also absol.=a@ greeting, Pi. 
Trin. 5, 2, 29 (non ego sum salutis dig- 
nus? not worthy of a salutation ?). 
See also GREET, GREETING. 

salute (subs.): v. preced. art. Phr.: 
to fire a s. in honour of the ring, *regis 
honoris causa [regis in honorem] tor- 
menta exercere (?): suddenly burst 
forth a s. from all the ships, *repente 
omnium navium tormenta strepere$ 
subito ex omnibus navibus tormen- 
torum strepitus (fragor) aures per- 
stringit. See also KIss. 

salute (v.): |. Zo greet: salito, 
I: Vv. TOGREET. Comps. (1) consalito, 
I (to s. mutually, or in a body): Cic. de 
Or. 2, 3, 13 (inter se amicissime c.). (2) 
persalito, 1 (to s. all round): id. Fl. 18, 
42. (3) résdliito, I (fo s. in return): 
id. Ph. 2, 41, to6. In letters expr. by 
salutem dicere, salutem dicere multam 
(plurimam): VY. GREETING. I. Zo 
designate by a formal title: iy 





SALUTER 








salto, 1: his own people s.d him as 
Caesar, quem sui Caesarem salutabant, 
Cic. Att. 14, 12: Caes. (N.B.—In this 
sense esp. consaluty, I, to s. by acclama- 
tion: Liv. 1, 7, init., utrumque regem 
sua multitudo consalutavit: Cic.) a 
appello, r: Virg. Aen. 5, 542 (victorem 
appellat Acestem) : Caes. B.G. 7, 4, med. 
Il. To show respect by gesture, fir- 

ing of guns, etc.: use consaluto, with 
some such defining phir. as militari more, 
naulicv more, etc. IV. Vo kiss: 
oe aliquem osculo impertire, Suet. 

er. 37: V. TO KISS. 

saluter:; silutator: Stat. Better 
“oan Be nom. sing.) by imperf. part., 

. G. § 638. 

irate: *id quod ex nave fracta 
(maufragio amissa], s. ex aedificio in- 
cendio perempto servatur, 

salva‘ion: silus, itis, f.: v. SAFETY, 
PRESERVA‘ION. Or expr. by verb: for 
the s. of men, *ad salvandos (Class. Lat. 
servandos ] homines. 

salve: 1, unguentum: v. orNT- 
MENT, Q, collyrium (for the eyes): 
Cels. 9, 4, 4 (oculum collyrio inungere) : 
Hor. who uses pl., 8. 1, 5, 30. 

salver: scitella: Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 46. 

salvo: perh. exceptio: cf. Cic. Am. 
17, mit. (consiliorum. -.sine ulla excep- 
tione communitas): also id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 
13, cum exceptione laudari (with a 7e- 
servation). 

same: 1, idem, éadem, idem: in 
all applications of Eng.: usu. foll. by 
qui (= the same as): L. G. §§ 372, 379, 
Obs. 3: also by atque (ac), et; and 
rarely, ut, cum; also very exceptionally 
by dat.: L.G. § 620. From idem come 
the advs., eodem, to the s. place ; ibidem, 
in the s. place; indidem, from the s. 
place: v. L. G. § 133, p. 88. 2, some- 
times, inus: at (one and) the s. time, 
uno tempore, Caes. B. G. 4, 23: both 
labour under the s. ervor, unus utriqne 
error, Hor. S. 2, 3, 51- Rarely pl.: to 
keep up the s. manners and customs, 
unis moribus vivere, Cic. Fl. 26, 63. 
Strengthened, unus atque idem, id. Div. 
2, 47, 97- 8. expr. by alius with a 
negative ; as, haud alius, non alius, 
haud (non) aliter; esp. poet.: cf. Liv. 
23, 4. nthil in senatn actum aliter quam 
$i plebis ibi esset consilium (in precisely 
the same manner asi/...): Virg. 

sameness: expr. by idem, tnus: 
there is as. about his writings, * omnia 
uno [atque eodem] tenore scripsit; ita 
uno sunt omnia tenore scripta ut nihil 
quasi emineat oculosque festiva varie- 
tate delectet. See also IDENTITY, 

samphire: ‘crithmum: Med. Gloss, 

sample: exemplum: v. SPECIMEN. 

sampler: * acu pingendi exemplum 
quale prioris aetatis puellae conficere 
solebant. 

sanative: 2? by quod sanat, etc.: v. 

Sanatory: § TO HEAL. 

sanctification: theol. ¢. ¢.: sancti- 
ficatio: Vulg. 

sanctifier; sanctificator: Aug. 

sanctify : . To make holy: 
sanctifico, 1 (theol. ¢.f.): Tert.: Eccl. 
Scrr. ||, Yo set apart, celebrate as 
holy: sacro, consecro, I: Vv. TO SET 
APART, OBSERVE. 

sanctifying: sauctificus (v. late): 
Juvenc. 

sanctimonious: mo exact word: 
@ s. person, * putida quadam sancti- 
moniae (sanctitatis) affectatione homo; 
nimius in religionibus observandis. 

sanction: 1, auctOritas: v. av- 
THORITY 2, only in abl., jussu, in- 
jussu (with or without the s. of...): the 
Roman people cannot be bound by any 
treaty without its own s., P. R. injussu 
suo nulle pacto potest obligari, Cic. Bal. 
15, 34: Caes.: Liv. So also, permissu 
(with the s.of...): V. PERMISSION. 3, 
confirmatio, etc.: Vv. RATIFICATION. 
(N.B.— Not sanctio, which = formal 
enactment.) 

sanction (.): |. Formally to 
give aut writy to: confirmo, ratum facio, 
etc.: V. TO RATIFY, CONFIRM. |], To 
allow: permitto, 3: Vv. TO PERMIT. 





SAND?t 


sanctity: J. Objective; as at- 
taching to a place, person, or thing: 
1, sanctitas: Liv. 44, 29 (s. templi 
insulaeque): Tac. 2. sanctitiido (v. 
rare): Cic. in Non. 174, 7- 3 caeré- 
monia (appy. stronger than preced. ; 
cf. Caes. in Suet. 6, sanctitas regum et 
caeremonia evrum: rare in this sense) : 
Cic, K. Am. 39. 113 (c. legationis pollu- 
ere): ‘T'ac. 4, sometimes, religio 
strictly religious obligatiun): cf. Cic. 
| 24, 55, sacra Cereris summa re- 
ligioue caerimuniaque conficere): to 
violate the s. of tumbs, r. sepulchrorum 
vivlare, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 12,27: to lose its 
s. (of a place), amittere r., Cic. Verr. 4, 
35,78. || Subjective; moral purity: 
1, sanctitas: to protect oneself by 
one’s own §., sanctitate sua se tueri, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 22, 73. Join: sanctitas, pietas, 
religio, Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 3. 2. sancti- 
monia (= preced. rare), Cic. Quint. 30, 
g3. 93, Castitas, castimonia: v. PURITY. 
sanctuary : |. A hoty place: 
1, Adytum (poet.) [strictly a place 
that may not be entered]: the snake 
dragged its coils from the inmost s., 
adytis anguis ab imis volumina traxit, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 84. 2. fanum, déli- 
brum, templum, pénétralia (may some- 
times be used): Vv. SHRINE, TEMPLE. 
I]. 4 place of refuge: 1, asy- 
lum : the slave, who had fled for ve/uge 
into that s., servus, qui in illud asylum 
confugisset, Cic. Verr. 2,1, 33. Q, ré- 
ceptacilum s. réfiigium sanctum invio- 
latumque: Vv. RETREAT, REFUGE. 
sand (subs.): |. The substance ; 
1, sabilum; less freq., sabiilo: 
white, black, red s., s. album, nigrum, 
rubrum, Plin. 17,4, 3,§25- 2, saburra 
(sand for ballast): ballasted with much 
s., multa s. gravatas (naves), Liv. 37, 14, 
Jin. 8. aréna (esp. for building pur- 
poses): Vitr.2,4. ||, A sandy place: 
aréna (usu. the s. of the sea shore): 
thou ualt lie naked, Palinurus, on un- 
known s.s, i. e. shore, nudus iu ignota 
Palinure jacebis arena, Virg. Aen. 5,871: 
to buy s.s (sandy land) or bog, a. ali- 
quam aut paludes emere, Cic. Agr. 2, 27. 
sand (v.): i. e. to strew or cover with 
sand : sabulo conspergere : the mouth of 
the river is s.’d up, * ostium fluminis 
sabulo (arena) occlusum est. 
sandpit (subs.): arénaria: Cic. Clu. 
13, 37 (in arenarias quasdam perductus 
occiditur). 
sandstone: 1, tofus or tophus 
(generic term applied to various kinds 
ot sandy, friable rock: according to 
Conington [Virg. G. 2, 244], a sort of 
volcanic sandstone: cf. Vitr. 2, 7, init. : 
sunt etiam alia genera plura, uti in Cam- 
pania ruber et niger tophus): Plin. 17, 
3,4. 2. carbuncilus (a particular kind 
of sandy stone): ct. Vitr. 2, 5, extr.: non- 
nullis locis procreatur id genus arenae, 
quod dicitur carbunculus. (Kr. gives 
saxum arenaceum, but without autho- 


rity: lapis arenarius occurs, Serv. Virg. | 


G. 2, 348.) 

sandal: 1, sdlea (the simplest kind 
of sandal, consisting of a sole with little 
more to fasten it to the foot than a strap 
across the instep: Gell. 13, 21): Hor.: 
Ov. 2. crépida (also denoting a sole, 
without upper leather, cf. Gell. 1. c.): 
Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 27: Liv. 29, 19. 
Dimin., crépidiila (a small s.): Pl. Pers. 
4, 2,3. (N-B. - Avoid sandalium, which 
is a Greek word, and rare.) Wearing- 
sandals, crépidatus: Cic. in Pis. 38, 92: 
sdleatus: Cic. Verr. 5, 33, 86, stetit so- 
leatus praetor Romanus, “ in slippers.” 

— -maker: soléarius: Pl. Aul. 3,5, 
40: crépidarius, sutor ; Gell. 13, 21, fin. 

sandarach: sandaraca: Plin. 34, 
18, 56. 

sand-blind: v. BLIND. 

sandy: |. Abounding in sand: 

1, aréndsus (esp., having extensive 
tracts of sand): the s. shore of Libya, 
litus a. Libyae, Virg. Aen. 4, 257: 5s. 
Ladon, a. Ladon, Ov. Met. 1, 702. 2 
sbiildsus: s. soil, s. terra, Plin. 13, 4, 7. 
I]. Of a sandy nature: 1. aré- 

naceus, Plin. 17, 7, 4 (in terra a.). 





SAPLESS 


a 


2, 4rénarius (rare in this sense): 

a. lapis, Serv. Virg. G. 2, 348. 

sandy-haired: rifus. a certain s- 
haired man, quidam r., Pl. Ps. 4, 7, 119. 

sane: |. Of bedy: sanus, validus: 
V.HEALTHY. ||, Of mind: 1, sanus: 
you are hardly of s. mind, vix s. mentis 
estis, Liv. 32, 21, extr. 2. compos 
animi or mentis (in possession of one’s 
senses): c. animi, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 12: c. 
mentis, Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 97. (Compos sui, 
Liv. 8, 18, fin., bas a different sense: 
see the place.) 

sanguinary : |. Attended with 
bloodshed: |, atrox (of a battle, obsti- 
nate and sanguinary = Fr. acnarné): 
a battle more s. than could be expected 
Siom the number of the combatants, 
proelium atrocius, quam pro Dumero 
pugnantium, Liv. 21, 29, init. 7 
cruentus (chiefly poet. and in later 
authors): @ s. contest, c. certamen, Liv. 
21, 43, med.: Vell. 2, 71 (non aliud 
bellum cruentius caede clarissimorum 
virorum). Join: trux et eruentum 
[bellum], Just. 29, 3, init. 3. san- 
guineus (poet.): s. slaughter, s. caedes, 
Ov. M. 13, 85. 4, sanguinarius (late 
and rare in this sense): Just. L « 
(cruenta ets. bella). ||, Bloodthirsty: 

1, sanguinarius: s. young men, s. 

juventus, Cic. Att. 2,7,2. 2, cruentus 
(poet.): s. Mars, Hor. Od. 2, 14, 13: 
Achilles, more s. than war itself, Achilles 
bello cruentius ipso, Ov. M. 12, 593: 
v. also BLOODY. 

sanguine: |. Full of blood : *san- 
guinis plenus, sanguine abundans: see 
also PLETHORIC. ||, Hopeful, disposed 
to take hopeful views of things: expr. 
by circuml. with spes: Jam s. that 
magna me spes tenet.... (with ace. and 
inf.), Cic. Clu. 3,7: Iam neither hope- 
less nor s., nec nulla nec magna spe 
sumus, id. Att. 6, 1, 20: so, in spem 
maximam, et quemadmodum confido, 
verissimam adducti sumus, id. Mil 28, 78. 
Also by animus: J am very s. that...., 
Magnus mihi animus est, Tac. Agr. 30, 
init. Sometimes, ardens, fervidus, vehe- 
mens, may serve: cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 15, 
juvenum manus emicat ardens litus in 
Hesperium: v. EAGER, ARDENT. 

sanhedrim: perh. synedrion (Gr. 
ovvedprov) : cf. Wahl, Clavis, s. v., appel- 
latur ita in N, T. synedrium magnum, 
i. e. judicium (concilium] supremum 
Judaeorum. 

sanity; no exact word. Phr.: there 
is no doubt of his s., *non dubium est, 


quin mentis (animi) compes sit: v. 
SANE (IL.). 
Sanscrit: 1, Sanscritus: the S. 


language, lingua Sanscrita: or simply, 
Sanscrita. Q. Sanscriticus (ef or re- 
lating to the Sanscrit language): S. roots, 
radices Sanscriticae: Bopp. Gloss. Sans. 
Pref. 

sap: succus or siicus: called by Plin., 
arborum sanguis, 16, 38, 72: the roots 
draw s. from the earth, stirpes ex terra 
s. trahunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 4%, 120. 
Also used of the bodily juices: chyle: 
id. ib. 2, 55, 137. And fig. wo denote 
vigour, spirit, q. V. : 

sap (v.): 1, subruo, i, itum, 3: 
Liv. 21, 11, med. (murum ab imo sub- 
rnere): Caes. B. G. 2, 6. 9. suffddio, 
fodi, fossum, 3: to s. walls, muros &., 
Tac. H. 2,21, med. Also perfodia: Veg. 
Mil. 2, 11 (muros intra fundamenta per- 
fodere), For other meanings, V. UNDER- 
MINE. 

savient: a word now used chietly 
in tronical sense: that s. person, *sapiens 
ille homo ut a quibus am habetur; 
praeclarus ille sapientiae auctor. For 
proper sense, Vv. WISE. 

sapless: |. Without sap (esp. of 
trees), siccus: Plin. 16, 38, 72: V. DRY. 
Of the body: Sen. Ep. 30, init., exsuccus 
tal. exhaustus). Il. Fig.: dry, taste- 
less, insipid: 1, aridus: a s. kind 
of speech, genus sermonis a., Cic. de Or. 
2, 38, 159: Tac. Or. 19 (libri a). 2. 
exsanguis, Auct. Her. 4. 11, 16 (ex. 
orationis genus). 3, exsuccus: @ & 
orator, ex. (orator), Quint, 12, 10, 15. 

1 


SAPLING 


SATISFY 


SAUCE 





sapling: surcilus (a young shoot 
for planting), Cic. de Or. 3, 28, 110 
{s. defringere): Virg. G. 2, 87. But, an 
actually growing young tree is arbor 
novella, opp. to arbor vetula, Cic, Fin. 5, 
14, 39. So as. oak, quercus novella, etc. 
, Saponaceous: V-. soapy. 

Sapper: esp.asa milit. term, sappers 
and miners : 1, minitores = (men 
engaged in fortification or trench work, 
etc.): Liv. 5,19. 2, cinicularii, miners : 
Vey. Mil. 2, 11. 

Sapvhic: Sapphicus: the S. maid, 
S. puella, Cat. 35, 16: s. verse, versus S., 
Gram. 

sapphire: sapphirus or sappirus, /. 
Plin. 37,9, 39. Of sapphire, sappbirinus, 
id. 37, 9, 38: adorned with s., sapphi- 
ratus (rare and late): Sid. 

sarcasm: (Gr. capxacuos’ Quint. 8, 
6, 57). nearest terms: 1, asperiores 
facétiae: Cic. Planc. 14, 33 (asperioribus 
f. perstringere aliquem). 9, cavillatio 
acerba (bitter jesting): Suet. Tib. 57. 

8, as quality, acerbitas [et abunde 
Salis], Quint. 10, I, 94. Acerbae dictorum 
contumeliae (Kr.). 

sarcastic : 1, acerbus (bitter, 
stinging): Vv. SARCASM. 2. mordax 
(galling, virulent): cf. Hor. S. 1, 4, 93: 
Ov.: (but the essential notion of the 
word is spite rather than wit). 

sarcastically: Acerbe; satis cum 
acerbitate ; acerba cum cavillatione: v. 
SARCASM. 

sarcophagus: sarcophagus: Juv. 
10, 173. 

sardine: |. 4 precious stone: Vv. 
SARDONYX. I]. 4 fish: sarda: Plin. 
32, I, 53: ib. 32, 5, 17. 

sardonic: only in the phr. sardonic 
laugh, risus sardonius, Forcell. (e Solin.). 

sardonyx: sardényx, ychis, 7. (m. 
in Juv. 6, 282: densi radiant testudine 
tota sardonyches): Plin. 37, 6, 23, iit. : 
Juv. 5, 144. adorned with s., sardony- 
chatus, Mart. 2, 29, init. 

sarsenet; *textilium sericorum ge- 
nus tenue quod anglice sarsenet vocatur. 

sash: |, An article of dress: no 
exact word; perh. cingillum (a little 
girdle) or cinctus: v. GIRDLE. il. 4 
window sash: *fenestra (fenestrae pars) 
ita facta ut sursum deorsum moveatur. 

sassafras: saxifragus, Plin. 22, 21, 
30, med. 

Satan: 
(indecl.). 

Satanic: *Satinicus (late: Serr. 
Eccl.) : Vv. bEVILISH, DIABOLICAL. 

satchel]: sacciilus (dimin. of saccus) : 
Plin. 2, 51, 52 (used of a little bag jor 
corn): v. BAG. Hor. S. 1, 6, 74, uses 
loculi, orum, to denote a kind of school- 
boy’s satchel (laevo suspensi loculos ta- 
bulamque lacerto). 

sate (v.): . satio, 1: I cannot be 
s.d with delight, satiari delectatione non 
possum, Cic. de Sen. 15,52. Q, sitiiro, 
1 (to glut: stronger than preced.): lions 
s.d with slaughter, saturatae caede leones, 
Ov. M. 10, 541: not yet s.d_with grief, 
necdum saturata dolorem, Virg. Aen. §, 
608. 3, expléo, Evi, Etum, 2: to be 
s.d with pleasure, voluptate expleri, 
Cic. Part. Or. 27, 96. For other mean- 
ings, V. SATISFY. 

satellite: |. In gen. sense: sa- 
telles, itis, c. (an attendant): Cic.: Liv. 
Join: administri et satellites, Cic. 
Quint. 25, fin. |]. 4 planetary body : 
perh. stella minor s. obnoxia: cf. Virg. G. 
¥, 396. 

satiate: satio, exsitio, satiiro: v. 
SATE, SATISFY, See also foll. art. 

satiety : 1, satiétas (involving 
the idea of excess): the s. and loathing 
For food, cibi s, et fastidium, Cic. luv. 1, 
14, fin.: to cause s., 8. facere, id. Sen. 
20, fin.: to eat tos., ad s. [edere], Suet. 
Dom. 21 stopping short of s., citra 
satietatem, Plin. 23, 6, 57- 9. older 
form of preced., sitias, atis, f. (rather 
archaic and less freq. than preced.: not 
in Cic.): s. of love, s. amoris, Liv. 30, 3, 
med.: wearied with s. of sight-seeing, 
fessus satiate videndi, Lucr. 2, 1038. 
(N. B.— Best avoided.) 8, saturitas 

7098 


Saitanas, ae; or, Satan 





faction of a creditor.) 








(without the idea of excess): Pl. Rud. 3, 
4, 53: (quid causae est quin virgis te 
usque ad s. sauciem?):.Cic. Sen. 15, 16 
(= ABUNDANCE). (N.B.—Fastidium is 
the result of satiety, not satiety itself : 
v. LOATHING.) 
satin: *textilium sericorum genus 
levigatum ac nitidum quod Anglice satin 
dicitur. 
satire: sitira (satira): Hor. S. 2, 
1, I (sunt quibus in satira videar nimis 
acer): Juv. 1, 30 (difficile est satiram 
non scribere). A writer of satires, sati- 
ricus; Sid. (N.B.—Sermio, conversation, 
prose, as applied to the satires of Horace, 
refers simply to the style in which these 
are composed, and cannot be used of 
satire in general.) 
satirical: |. Relating to the form 
of poetry called satire: satiricus: a Ss. 
poem, s. carmen, Lact. Q. 4, init. (N.B.— 
Not satyricus; which would refer to the 
Greek satyric drama.) ||. Given to 
indulge in satire; bitterly facetious : 
1, dérisor (only of persons) : strictly 
subs., but capable of being used as adj. 
(L. G. § 598): how s. you always will be, 
ut tu semper eris d., Hor. S. 2, 6, 54. 
9, sometimes, dicax: v. WITTY. 
8. civilldsus (v. rare): Firmic. 
Phr.: s. language, *sermo acerbiore 
cavillatione abundans: v. SARCASM, SAR- 
CASTIC. 
satirically: expr. by ridens, irri- 
dens, etc.: when some one said s., *quum 
aliquis irridens (cavillans) dixisset: v. 
TO JEST, MOCK. 
satirise: 1, probroso s. famodso 
carmine lacesso, insector: v. TO LAM- 
POON. Q, arripio, 3 (poet.: strictly, 
to pull any one’s ears): he s.d the chief 
men of the people, primores populi ar- 
ripuit, Hor. S. 2, 1, 69: also ib. 3, 224 
(luxnriam et Nomentanum arripe me- 
cum). 3. expr. by perstringo, nxi, 
ctum, 3, with some qualifying word (to 
wound, censure): cf. Cic. Plan. 14, 33 
(facetiis p.): Vv. SARCASM. 4, some- 
times, noto, t (to mark, brand, with an 
allusion to the censor’s mark): Hor. S. 
I, 4, § (multa cum libertate notabant). 
See alsO TO RIDICULE, ASSAIL. 
satirist : |. Writer of satires: 
(scriptor s. poeta) satiricus: v. SATI- 
RICAL (L.). Il. One given to indulge 
in satire: d@risor: V. SATIRICAL (1].). 
satisfaction: |. Act of satisfying 
or pleasing: usu. expr. by verb: we a7e 
led by nature to the s. of desires, *na- 
tura ad cupiditates explendas ducimur. 
(N.B.—Satisfactio means the legal satis- 
||. The state 
of being satisfied or pleased ; pleasure, 
contentment : 1. voluptas: J have de- 
rived the greatest possible s. from your 
letter, ex tuis literis incredibilem v. 
cepi, Cic. Fam. 5,7, iit. 2. expr. by 
placeo, 2 (to give satisfaction to: with 
dat.) : my house gives me great s., *domus 
mea valde mihi placet. A séill higher 
degree of s., may be expr. by délecto, 1: 
it gives me intense s., (Hermathena 
tua) valde me delectat, Cic. Att. 1, 1, 
extr. II]. Amends: atonement for 
crime; poena: esp. in phrr. poenam 
solvere, pendere, dare (denoting punish- 
ment): Cic. Mil. 31, fin. (p. solvere) : 
Cic. Att. 11, 8, imit. (p. pendere): v. 
PUNISHMENT: to demand s., poenam or 
poenas exigere, Ov. M. 14, 478 (de vol- 
nere p. exigere): the law by which s. is 
demanded (by the Fetiales), jus, quo res 
repetuntur, Liv. 1, 32, med.: cf. Cic. Off. 
I, 11, 36 (nullum bellum esse justum, 
nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, 
aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum). 
satisfactorily: ex sententia (either 
absol., or with mea, tua, sua, etc., to 
denote the person satisfied): we have 
carried on the business s., eX s. rem 
gessimus, Cic. Fam. 2, 7, med.: s.to you, 
ex tua sententia, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 5. 
Sometimes, bene or satis bene may 
serve: v. WELL. 
satisfy : |. To supply the natural 
desires fully: J], expleo, évi, tum, 2: 
to s. long-continued thirst, diuturnam 
sitim ex, Cic. de Sen. 8, 26: tos. hwnger, 


, 


famem ex., Phaedr. 3, 18, 5: to s. the 
expectation of long-continued desire, ex- 
pectationem desiderii diuturni ex., Cic. 
de Or. 1, 47, 205. 2. impieo, 2: to be 
s.'d (satisfy oneself) with wine and wild 
jlesh, Bacchi ferinaeque impleri, Virg. 
Aen. 1,215. 3, satio, 1 (to satisfy com- 
pletely; to satiety) ; Vv. TO SATE, SATIATE, 
||. 70 give satisfaction to, or please ; 
1, satisfacio, 3 (often written sepa- 
rately): to s. a petitioner, alicui petenti 
s., Cic. Or. 41, 140: to s. a god (offer the 
proper worship to him), deo s., Cic. Fam. 
14, 7, med. 2. placeo, 2 (with dag.) : 
delecto, 1 (stronger than placeo): v. 
SATISFACTION (LI., 2). 8. respondeo, 
di, sum, 2 (to answer to expectations : 
esp. of crops yielding a good ieturn) : 
cf. Col. 2, 1, med., humus magno fenore 
colono respondet: also Virg. G. 1, 47, 
illa seges votis respondet avari agricolae 
(thoroughly satisfies him). 4, expr. 
to be satisfied by satis habeo, 2 (to have 
enough, to be content with): he declares 
he is sd, and more than sd, satis 
superque se habere dicit, Cic. R. Com. 
4, 11: foll. by injin., to be s.\d with de- 
Sending (defendere), Nep. Han. ro, jin. 
Il. Zo pay, recompense, indemnify, 
etc.: satisfacio, 3: to s. the Aedui for 
injuries, Aeduis de injuriis s., Caes. 
B. G. 1, 14: tos. the Sicilians, Siculis s., 
Cic. Verr. 5, 53, init.: to s. the absent 
(creditors), absentibus satisfacere, Cic. Fl. 
20, 47: V. PAY. IV, To convince, 
assure: persuadeo, si, sum, 2 (with 
dat.): esp. in phr., Jam (perfectly) s.’d, 
mihi persuasum (persuasissimum) est : 
V. TO PERSUADE, CONVINCE. 
satisfactory : 1, idoneus (suit- 
able, answering the purpose): @ s. (or 
sufficient) voucher, i. auctor, Cic. Br. 15, 
57: s. guarantees, i. pignora, Ulp. Dig. 
22, I, 33: V. SUITABLE. 2. in certain 
cases only, justus (right and reasonable) : 
a s. excuse, satis justa excusatio, Cic. in 
Pis. 15, 36. Phr.: to do anything or 
act in a s. manner, bene aliquid facere 
(cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 4, plenius ac melius 
dicere, in a fuller and more s, manner) : 
not in @ s. manner, secus (otherwise than 
one would have wished): even if the 
issue be not s., etiam si secus accideret, 
Cic. Fam. 6, 21: Sall. Jug. 20 (secus 
cedere): that is perjectly s., id quidem 
satis est, satis habeo: v. ENOUGH, SA- 
TISFY (L1.). 
satrap: _ 1. satrapes, is, pl. sa- 
trapae, m.: Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 43: Plin. 
6, 26, 30, § 119 (satraparum regia). 
Later form of same word, satraps: Sid. 
2, pure Lat. praefectus: Nep. Dat. 
2, fin. (pr. totius Phrygiae). 
satrapy : satraipéa or -ia: Curt. 5, 1, 
jin. (s. Babyloniae): Plin. 
saturate (to soak, steep, impreg- 
nate) : j. saturo: to s. a@ robe with 
Tyrian purple, Tyrio murice pallam s., 
Ov. M. 11, 166: to s. with rich dung, 
fimo pingui s., Virg. G. 1, 80: Col. 
2. satio, 1: to s. fires with in- 
cense, ignes odoribus s., Ov. M. 4, 759: 
to s. with Tyrian purple, Tyrio pelagio 
s., Plin. 9, 38,62. 3, imbuo, i, itum, 3: 
a garment s.d with blood, vestis imbuta 
sanguine, Ov. M. 9, 153. 
saturday: Saturni dies: Aus. Eclog. 
saturn: the planet Saturn, *stella 
Saturni. 
saturnalia; saturnalia, neut. pl. 
3rd decl.; but gen. pl. -iorum: Liv. 2. 21 
(saturnalia institutus festus dies): on 
the morning of the s., mane saturnali- 
bus, Cic. Att. §, 20: so, on the first day 
of the s. primis saturnalibus, Inser. in 
Forcell.: Smith’s Antiq. 
satyr: satyrus (a kind of wood 
deity), Lucr. 4, 582° (capripedes Saty- 
ros): ef. Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 43. 
satvric: in term s. drama: sityri- 
cus: Vitr. 5,6, (8, intt.), 9: @ s. drama, 
satyrus, Hor. A. P, 235: (satyrorum 
scriptor). 
sauce! 1, condimentum (that 
which seasons): hunger is the s.of food, 
cibi c. fames, Cie. Fin. 2, 28, 9o. 
liquamen (a s. made of fish at): Col. 
6,2, 7 8, jas, jaris, m. (broth or 











SAUCEPAN 











soup): Hor. S. 2, 8, 45 (where a recipe 
is given). embamma, Atis, n.: 
Plin. 20 14,53 (embammatum mixturae 
familiaris). 
saucepan: cicibus (vas ubi coque- 
bant cibum, Varr. L. L. 5,27, 127): Col. 
12, 46, init. (c. aeneus). Dimin. caci- 
biilus (rare); ‘ert. 
saucer: 1, phiiila (a broad shal- 
low drinking vessel): Juv. 5, 38 (ipse 
capaces Heliadum crustas et inequales 
beryllo Virro tenet p.): Plin. 33, 12, 55 
(Ulixes et Diomedes erant in phialae 
emblemate Palladium  subripientes). 
2, patella (a small plate-like vessel, 
platter): Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 2: Mart. 3. 
scitella (a stand jor vases): Ulp. Dig. 
34, 2, 19, § Io. 
saucily : pétilanter : 
DENTLY, PERTLY, 
saucy: 1. pétiilans: Cic. de Or. 
2, 15, it (homo petulans). Q, pré- 
eax: ‘Tac. Ann. 1, 16 (procax lingua). 
3. prétervus: Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35 
(homines protervi): v. PERT, IMPUDENT. 
saunter: nearest word, vigor, 1: v. 
TO LOITER. 
saunterer: V. LOITERER. 
sausage : 1, farcimen, Ynis, 7. 
(appy. the generic term for a stuffed 
antestine: cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 22, 111, 
where various specific names are given): 
in Gell. 16, 7 (botulum pro f. [La- 
berius] appellat). 2. hillae, arum (a 
kind of small smoked s.s): Hor. S. 2, 4, 
60 (pertia magis ac magis hillis flagitat 
immorsus refici): Varr. l. c. 3. boti- 
lus (rare): Laberius in Gell. 16, 7 (in 
mimo, qui Saturnalia inscriptus est b. 
pro farcimine appellat): cf. Mart. 14, 
72. 
savage: |. Wild, untamed, fierce: 
1, férus (opp. to cicur, not tame): 
how various are the kinds of beasts, 
whether tame or s., quam varia genera 
bestiarum vel cicurum vel f., Cic. N. D. 
2, 39, 99: huge and s. beasts, immanes 


Vv. IMPU- 


et f. beluae, Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 161. 2) 
silvestris (inhabiting the woods, the 


orig. meaning of savage): the s. tribes 
of wild beasts, s. secla ferarum, Lucr. 
5, 965. when he was nourished by 
the paps of the s. brute (she-wolf ), 
quum s. belluae uberibus  susten- 
tus esset, Cic. Rep. 2, 2, med. Ss! 
atrox (naturally fierce): Plin. 8, 21, 30 
(a. tauri silvestres). [|]. Totally un- 
civilized, rude, unpolished : 1, im- 
manis: no race so wild and s., nulle gens 
tam fera et i., Cic. Tuse. 1, 13, 30: nothing 
could be move s. than that beast, nihil 
ista immanius belua est, Cic. Rep. 3, 33, 
jin. (N.B.—Ferus and immanis are 
very often coupled.) 2. effératus: 
nations so wholly s. as..., gentes im- 
manitate e., Cic. N. D.1, 2, 3, int. 3. 
incultus: Tib. 4, 1, 59 (Laestrygones 
i.): V. UNCIVILIZED. Il]. nfuriated, 
exasperated: effératus: s. cruelty, sae- 
vitia e., Val. M. 1, 1, 14: made s. with 
hatred and anger, odio, iraque e., Liv. 5, 
27, med.: see also ENRAGED. IV. 
Naturally cruel: 1, atrox (dark and 
unrelenting): Ayrippina was always 
of a gloomy and s. temper, Agrippina 
semper a. Tuc. Ann. 4, 52. . sae- 
vus: v.cRUEL. (N.B.—Trux and trucu- 
lentus have more reference to outward 
appearance, cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 65, hor- 
ridus ac trux tribunus plebis.) 

savage (subs.): no single equivalent: 
*homo incuitus, ferus, immanis, rudis. 

savagely : 1, immaniter (late): 
Amm. Q. atrociter: too s. threaten- 
tng a person, nimis atr. minans alicui, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 62, 160. 3, (poet.) terva, 
torvum, with s. look, v. FIERCELY (5): 
(or express by modal abl., magna sae- 
Vitia, etc.): Vv. CRUELLY. 

savageness (subs.): 1, féritas 
‘wildness, brutality): Ov. F. 4, 103 
s.tauri). Join: feritas et immanitas, 
ic. OF ar One sz Rather stronger, 
efferitas (rare): id. Sext. 42, 91. 2e 
immanitas (inhuman  barbarousness 
or cruelty): a fierceness and wild 
8., feritas et agrestis i, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 
60, the roughness and s. of nature, 





SAVIOUR 


asperitas et 1. naturae, Cic. Am. 2}, 27. 
3. saevitia (fierce cruelty): Sall. 
J.7 (bostium s.), Tac. Ann. 1, 67 (hos- 
tium s.), Plin. 2, 47, 47, jin. (tempes- 
tatum s.), 4, atrocitas (stern, unre- 
lenting cruelty): s. of character, a. 
morum, Tac. A. 4, 13: Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11 
(a. animi). 5, torvitas (used of s. of 
expression): Tac. H. 2.9, fin. (vultus t.). 
save(v.): |, Zo preserve vom dan- 
ger or destruction : 1, servo, 1: [have 
s.d others that we ourselves might perish, 
ceteros servavi, ut nos periremus, Cic. 
Fam, 14, 2, med.: faith, you have killed 
me and not s.’d me, my Jriends, pol me 
occidistis, amici, non servastis, Hor. Ep. 
2, 2, 189: if fortune could have s.d 
any from that danger, si quos ex eo 
periculo fortuna s. potuisset, Caes. B. C. 
2, 41, fin.: I s.d the state by my de- 
parture, servavi rempublicam meo dis- 
cessu, Cic, Sest. 22, 49. Comp. con- 
servo, 1 (strengthened from simple 
verb): Caes, B, G. 2, 15. Also the ap- 
parently pleonastic exprr., salvum (ali- 
quem) servare, conservare: Cic. Fam. 
6, 22, med. Q, tileor, 2: V. PROTECT, 
DEFEND.  §, sospito, 1 (used in prayer 
to the gods): to s. their progeny, suam 
progeniem s., Liv. 1,16, med. 4, Grip- 
io, 3: v. TO RESCUE. Expr. by circumL: 
O Lord, s. the queen, satvam fac regi- 
nam: v. Liturg. Angl.: to help and s. 
the needy, opem indigentibus salutem- 
que ferre (afferre), Cic. Fam. 2, 35, 118: 
to s. oneself by flight, fuga salutem adi- 
pisci, Kr.; naufragio enatare; cf. Hor. 
A. P. 20 (fractis navibus enatare), 
Phr.: God s. you, salve! s. salvus sis ! 


Ter. pass. Il In theological sense, to 
s. from eternal death: salvo, 1: Lact. 
Ira D. 5. II]. Vo keep from consump- 


tion, to reserve, tolay by: 1, réservo,1: 
Tam s.ing up all my petty cash for that 
purpose, omnes meas Vindemiolas eo r., 
Cic. Att. 1, 10, 3: they are sing up the 
rest of the merchandise and provisions 
Sor the siege, reliquas merces commeatus- 
que ad obsidionem r., Caes. B. C. 1, 36. 
2. parco, j: Vv. TO SPARE. Comp. 

comparco, 3: to accumulate by savings : 
to s. ounce by ounce out of his rations, de 
dimenso suo unciatim comparcere, Ter. 
Phorm. I, I, 9. 3, compendium, with 
a verb (to effect a s.ing in): to s. time, 
com. temporis sequi, Col. 4, 22, med.: 
cf. Pl. Pers. 4, 3, 2 (ego compendii feci 
binos panes in dies). 

save ae) : V. EXCEPT. 

saved (adj. and part.): in addition 
to p. part. of verbs given under TO SAVE : 
salvus: [J swore] that the state was s. 
by my sole exertions, mea unius opera 
rempublicam esse salvam, Cic. in Pis. 
3: freq. in theol. sense, whosoever will 
be s., quicunque vult salvus esse, Liturg. 
Angl. 

savin: brathy, ys, n. = Spaév: Plin 


24, 11,61, init. (pure Lat. herba Sabina). | 


saving (adj.): Phr.: as. clause, 
perh. exceptio: v. EXCEPTION: RESER- 
vation. Or expr. by carere: cf. Liv. 
21, 18, med., Saguntini excipiuntur 
(there is a s. clause in favour of the 
Saguntines) : also, quum caveretur utro- 
rumque sociis (though there was a s. 
clause in favour of the allies of both 
parties to the treaty). 
saving (subs.): |. Saving, preser- 
vation : conservatio: V. PRESERVATION. 
||. Zconomy: compendium (in gen. 
sense): a great s. of wood, Magnum 
ligni c., Plin. 23, 7, 64, init. See also, 
TO SAVE (II.). II]. Only pl.. money 
spared and laid by: vindémidla (lit. 
small vintage, i.e. gleaning): I am 
talcing care of all my little s.s, omnes 
meas v. reservo, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 3. 
(N.B.—Peculium means the private 
property of a slave acquired by little s.s.) 
savingly: parcé: Cic.: v. FRU- 
GALLY, ECONOMICALLY : 
savings-bank: *argentaria tenui- 
orum hominum vindemiolis recipiendis. 
saviour (subs.): |. Gre who de- 
livers or preserves: 1, servator, 
J. -trix (a deliverer on a particular occa- 





SAY 





reipublicae servator, perditor, Cic. Plane, 
36, fin. Join: servator liberatorque: 
all saluting their s. and liberator 
bus liberatoremque acclamaniibus 

Liv. 34, 50, fin. 2. conservator (an\ 
habitual deliverer): the guardians and 
8.8 of this city and empire, custodes c. 
que hujus urbis et imperii, Cic. Sest. 24, 





Oomint- 
5. 


53. The Redeemer: salvator 
(mundi): Vulg. pass, 

savory (a /cind of herb): iF 
thymnbra: Virg. G. 4, 31. 9, cinila 


sitiva, Plin. 20, 16, 65 (* satureia thym- 
bra, Linn.). 

savour (subs.): 1, sdpor: v, 
FLAVOUR (1.). 2. nidor (of things 
cooking): the delightsome s. (of sacri- 
Jices), laetus n. (sc. victimarum), Mart. 
J, 27 (26). §: 8. of the kitchen, n. culinae, 
Juv. 5, 162. 3, succus s. siicus: v. 
FLAvoUR. Often in tig. sense = life and 
vigour, life in style: Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 
96 (ornatur oratio succo suo). Phr 
to have no s., nil sapere, Juv. 11, 121: 
(Vv. TO SAVOUR): without s., insipidus 
V. INSIPID. 

savour (v.): 1, sadpio, ivi, and Ii, 
3: with ace. (to taste of ): to s. of the 
very sea, mare ipsum s., Sen. Q@ N. 3, 
18, 2: Plin. Comp. résipio (cf. Ger., 
nachgeschmaek, after taste): (the wine) 
8.8 of the iron vessel, (vinum) ferrum 
resipit, Varr. R. R. 1, §4. 2, réddleo, 
2 (to smell of: also with acc.): Cic. 
Phil. 2, 25, fin. (vinum r.): Vv. TO SMELL 
OF. 

savoury (adj.): 1, conditus (of 
things made s. by seasoning): to make 
things still more s. (impart a higher 
relish to them), (ea) couditiora facere, 
Cic. Sen. 16, 56. 2, sapidus (not in 
Cie): Apul. 3. saporus (rare and 
very late): Lact. 3, 16, jin. (merces 
saporae). Phr.: to be s., bene sapere: 
Vv. TO SAVOUR. 

savoy: *brassica dléracea: Linn. 

saw: |. The tool: serra; Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 40, 116 (stridor serrae): Ov. M. 
8,246. Dimin. serriila (a small saw): 
Cic. Clu. 64, 180: Warr. R. R. 1, 50: 
Jjegged like u s., serratus, Plin. 11, 37, 
61. Il. A wise saying: proverbium: 
V. PROVERB. 

saw(v.): |. Trans.: 1], trans 
late by serra with verbs seco, circum- 
seco, exseco, disseco, according to varia- 
tions of meaning: the wood ts too hard 
to be sawn, * lignum durius est quam ut 
serra secari possit: to s.a@ person through 
the middle (as a mode of execution), ali- 
quero medium serra dissecare, Suet. Cal. 
24, med.: cf. Cic. Clu. 64, 180 (qua illud 
potuisse ita serra circumsecari [sawn 
all round] videretur). 9, serro, i: 
Veg. Mil. 2, 25. {]. Intrans.: ser- 
ram ducere: cf. the phr. serram ducere 
cum aliquo de aliqua re (to quarrel with 
anybody about anything), Varr. R. R. 


3,6 
-dust: 1. scdbis, is, f.; scoba 

is of less authority (powder or dust pre- 
duced by sawing, rasping, etc.) : to make 
a place neat with s. (locum) scobe 
emundare, Juv. 14, 67: to keep grapes 
Fresh in fir s., abiegna scobe virides 
uvas custodire, Col. 12, 43: Hor. Sat. 2, 
14, 81. Q, serrago, inis, 7. (very rare): 
Coel. Aur. 
-fish: serra: Piin. 
(* pristis anuquorum, Linn.). 
-fly ; *tethrédo: Linn. 

—— -pit; serratrina: Non. 

sawyer: serrarius: Gloss. 
cell. s. v. d 

saxifrage: *saxifraga: Cycl. (saxi- 
fraga herba: Apul.). 





> 
- 


9. I 








in For- 


say (v.): A. In connected dis- 
course : |. 7o express in words : 


1, 
dico, xi, ctum, 3: J shall s. what J think, 
dicam quod sentio, Cic. Parad. 1, 2: Ts, 
again and again, etiam atque etiam 
dieo, Cic. Att. 13, 25, fin. : usu. followed 
by acc. and inf., L. G. $ 507. 2, aio, 
verb defect. (to affirm, opposed to nego, 
to deny): some said that Tarquinius 
had been instigated by Ctcero, alii Tar- 
quinium a Cicerone immissmn aiebant, 


sion): s. opp. to destroyer of the state, | Sall Cat. 48: Diogenes s.s that it is 80, 


409 


SAYING 


Antipater denies it, Diogenes ait, Anti- 
pater negat, Cic. Off. 3, 23, gt: usu. foll. 
by acc. and inf., L. G. l.c. 3. négo, 
I (used in such phrr. as, he s.s that he is 
not, etc., and always implying a counter 
assertion) : the Stoics s. that nothing is 
good unless it is honourable, Stoici 
negant quicquam esse bonum nisi quod 
honestum sit, Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 68: Cotta 
s.s that he will not go to an armed 
enemy, Cotta se ad armatum hostem 
iturum negat, Caes. B. G. 5, 36. 4. 
léquor, citus, 3: v. TO SPEAK. 5: 
fari, fatus, 1 (poetical form of loquor): 
scarcely had I said these things, vix ea 
fatus eram, Virg. Aen. 2, 323: thus he 
said, and hurled his mighty spear, sic 
fatus, et ingentem hastam contorsit, 
Virg. Aen. 2,50: one who can be pru- 
dent, and s. what he thinks, qui sapere 
et fari possit quae sentiat, Hor. Ep. 1, 
4,9. In relative clauses: come now s. 
why are you come, fare age, quid venias, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 389. Pir.: to say no- 
thing, nullam vocem emittere, Liv. 1, 
54: nullam reddere vocem, Curt. (in Kr.): 
no sooner said than done, dictum ac 
factum, Ter. Andr, 2, 3,7: with similar 
meaning, dicto citius, Virg. Aen. 1, 135. 

I]. Zo report; esp. in such pbrr. 
as, tf is said, they say, etc. : 1, trado, 
didi, ditum, 3 (to hand down by tradi- 
tion): so it is said, sic est traditum, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 1, 3: tt ts said that Galba, 
Africanus, and Laelius were learned 
men, Galbam, Africanum, Laelium doc- 
tos fuisse traditum esi, Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 
5: they s. that Phidias himself...., 
ipsum Phidian tradunt..., Plin. 36, 45, 
5, § 3. 2. narro, t (to relate): Phil- 
argyrus said to me..., mihi Philargyrus 
narravit (foll. by acc. and inf.), Cic. 
Fam. 6, 1, fin. (In such sentences as, 
tt is said that...,a pers. form is usu. 


preferred to an impers.; as, it is said | 


that Greece on account of the love of 
Paris, ete. Graecia [not Graeciam] 
propter Paridis narratur amorem.., 
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 6: it is said that in the 
Pontus the Caecias attracts the clouds 
towards itself, narrant in Ponto Caecian 
in se trahere nubes, Plin. 2, 47, 48: 
Cinna is said to write litile verses 
aguinst me, versiculos in me narratur 
scribere Cinna, Mart. 3, 9.) 3. dico, 
xi, ctum, 3: concerning this man (Dio- 
dorus) it is said to Verres thal he has very 
good embossed works of art, de boc { Dio- 
doro] Verri dicitur habere eum perbona 
toreumata, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, 38. Some- 
times used impers.: they s. that Chrysis 
had lived in this street, in hac habitasse 
platea dictum ’st Chrysidem, Ter. Andr. 
4,5, 1: it was said that Titus, before 
he went away, had earnestly begged his 
father, etc. Titum, antequam digre- 
deretur, multo apud patrem sermone 
orasse dicebatur, etc., Tac. H. 4, 52, init. 
(N.B.—Impers. constr. best avoided.) 

4. aio, 3: v. defect. (in quoting a 
proverbial phr.): as they s., ut aiunt 
(as the saying is: parenthetically intro- 
duced), Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 233: ef. Hor. 
Ep. I, 7, 49. 5, féro, tuli, latum, 3 
(esp. in 3rd pers. pl. act., and 3rd pers. 
sing. pass. = Fr. on-dit, it is said): for 
tt is said that there was a certain De- 
maratus, a Corinthian, fuisse enim 
quendam ferunt Demaratum Corinthium, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 19, med.: they s. that the 
giants aimed at the heavenly kingdom, 
affectasse ferunt regnum caeleste gigan- 
tas, Ov. M. 1, 152. Passive use chiefly 
poet.: cf. Lucr. 5, 14 (namque Ceres 
fertur fruges instituisse): Virg. Aen. 1, 
15 (quam Juno fertur terris magis 


smnibus unam posthabita coluisse Sa- | 


mo). B. Used parenthetically, like 
cur “said I,” “said he:’’ usu. inquam, 
3, defect.: lest “says I” and “says he” 
should be too often introduced, ne in- 
quae et inquit saepius interponeretur, 

ic. Am. 1, 3: defend this one day, this 
one, I say, if thou canst, hunc unum 
diem, hunc unum, inquam, defende si 
potes, Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 112. 

saying (subs.): 1, dictum: it is 
& s. of Cato. Catonis est d., Cic. Fl. 29, 

410 





SCALE 


Jjin.: esp. a bon-mot, witticism, id. de 
Or. 2, 54, fin. (N.B.—This word may 
retain its verbal construction, being con- 
strued with an adv. instead of an adj. : 
e. g. shrewd s.s, acute dicta, rather than 
acuta dicta: cf. L.G. § 642, Vbs.1.) 2, 
proverbium, verbum: v. PROVERB. 8, 
often not expr.: that is an honourable 
s. of Solon’s, honestum illud Solonis, 
Cic. Sen. 14, 50: so, praeclarum illud, 
etc.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. ille (LL). 
Phr.: as the s.is, ut aiunt (parenthetic- 
ally introduced) ; also, quod aiunt, quo- 
modo aiunt; or, simply, aiunt: Cic. de 
Or. 2, 57, 233 (docebo sus—ut aiunt— 
oratorem): id. in Pis. 28, 69 (quomodo 
aiunt): Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 10 (aiunt, 
alone). 
scab: |. The disease: 1, scabies, 
em, e, f.: the s. attacks the sheep, s. 
tentat oves, Virg. G. 3, 441: a@ person 
afilicted with the s., scabie laborans, 
Cels. 5, 28, 16, extr. (N B.—The form 
scabritia occurs in Col, and the dimin. 
scabiola in Aug.) 2, impétigo, inis, f. 
(a scabby eruption): Cels 5, 28,17: Vv. 
TETTER. 3, mentigo, inis, f. (the dis- 
ease in lambs, called in rustic language 
ostigo): Col. 7, 5, 21, ad fin. See also 
ITCH (1.), MANGE. Il. 4 thin coating 
over a sore: crusta: the s. of an ulcer 
c. ulceris, Cels. 5,9. See also SCAR. 
scabbard: vagina: an ivory s., v. 
eburnea, Virg. Aen. 9, 305 (also poet. 
simply ebur, Ov. M. 4, 148): to draw 
the sword from the s., gladium e vagina 
educere, Cic. Inv. 2, 4,145 vagina eripere 
ensem, Virg. Aen. 4, 379; telum vagina 
nudare, Nep. Dat. 11, 4: to put back the 
sword into the s., gladium in vaginam 
recondere, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: @ sword 
laid by in the s., gladius in vagina 
reconditus, id. Cat. 1, 2,4. (N.B—Plin. 
employs the dimin. vaginula in the 
sense of a small husk.) 
scabby: ], sciber, bra, brum: s. 
sheep (mangy), 8. oves, Cato, R. R. 96, 2. 
Fig.: s. verses, s. versus, Macr. Sat. 6, 3, 
ad fin.: Vv. SORRY. 2. scabidsus : 
Pers. 2, 13: Col. (N.B.—The forms 
scabidus, scabridus, late and unclass.) 
3. impétiginosus (suffering from 
impetigo: v. 1rcn, I.): Ulp. Dig. 21, 1, 6. 
scabious: *scabiosa (Linn.). 
scaffold, scaffolding: |. Lit. 
the wooden framework : 1, catasta 
(a s. made of wood on which slaves were 
exposed for sale): Tib. 2, 3, 61 (66): 
Plin. 2. machina (strictly, any con- 
trivance or framework): a builder's s., 
m. aedificationis, Plin. 19, 2, 8. 3. 
occasionally expr. by other words: Sen. 
Ep. 88, 22, speaks of s. rising up from 
beneath the stage, as, tabulata tacite 
crescentia, pegmata per se surgentia. 
One who works on a@ s,, machio, Isid, 
Orig. 19, 8: machinarius, Paul. Dig. 9, 
2, 31: v. also PLATFORM, FRAMEWORK. 
Il. Meton. to denote capital punish- 
ment : expr. by mors (ad mortem duci, 
Cic. Cat. I, 1, 3): supplicium capitis 
(supplicio capitis afficere, to consign to 
the s., Suet. Gal. 12): also sometimes, 
securis (executioner’s axe): Vv. TO 
BEHEAD. 
scalade: v. ESCALADE, SCALE. 
scald (v.): Phr.: to s. a pig, aqua 
candente suem glabrare, Col. 12, 53, ad 
Jjin.: to throw s.ing water over anybody, 
aqua fervente aliquem perfundere, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 26, 67. 
scald (subs.): |. 4 burn caused by 
hot water: adusta, drum, n. pl., in Cels. 
5, 27, 18, prob. includes both burns and 
ss: Plin. has ddustio, v. BURN. [J, 4 
northern minstrel: vates, is, c.: V. BARD, 
scale (subs.): |. The dish of a ba- 
lance: lanx, cis, f. with dimin. lancula, 
Vitr. ro, 8, 4: Varr.): to depress the s., 
1. deprimere, Cic. Acad. 2, 12, 37: to put 
the possessions of the body into one s., 
those of the soul into the other, in alteram 
1. animi boaa imponere, in alteram cor- 
poris, id. Tusc. 5, 17, 51. A pair of s.s, 
libra, triitina: v. BALANUE. The Scales 
(a constellation), Libra, Manil.: a balance 
with its two s.s, libra bilanx, Mart. Cap. 
ll. 4 thin plate: natural or arti- 


ficial : 











SCALPEL 





1. squama: covered witn s.g 
(as fishes), squamis obductus, Cic. N. LD. 
2, 47,121: applied to scale-armour, Vir, 
Aen. I1, 771: to s.s of metal struck g 
by the hammer, Plin. 34, 11, 24 (4. V.). 
Dimin., squamula: small s.s fall from 
the surface of the skin, s. ex summa cute 
decidunt, Cels. 5, 28, 17. 2. lamina 
(also contr. lamna, Hor. ; a thin plate of 
metal): defensive armour made of iron 
s.s, tegumen ferreis lL. consertum, Tac. H. 
I, 79. Phr.: @ coat of scale-armour, 
cataphractes, ib.: fir-cones closely com- 
pacted like s.s, nucamenta squamatim 
compacta, Plin. 16, 10, 19,ad fin. {II 
Regular gradation: expr. by gradus in 
pl.: the s. of human society, g. societatis 
humanae, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 53: v. GRADA- 
TION. IV. Standard of proportion : 
nearest word médiilus (cf. Suet. Ner. 4y): 
maps on @ larger s., * tabulae ampliore 
modulo descriptae: sometimes also 
merely expr. by adj. of size; a war on 
a@ grander s., majus bellum, Liv. 21, 2. 
Phr.: a oovered passage almost on the 
s. of a public building, cryptoporticus 
prope publici operis instar, Plin. Ep. 2, 
17, 16: there was never an engagement 
on a vaster s., non alias majore mole 
concursum, Tac. A. 2, 46. V. Agra- 
duated instrument : * scala (geometrica, 
etc.): (Kr.): Vv. MEASURE. Vi. In 
music, diagramma, atis, n.: Vitr. 5,4, 1: 
the s. from base to treble, scansio sonorum, 
id. 6, 1,/: also, octachordum (a system 
of 8 notes), Boéth. Miss. 5, 143 *scala, 
Kircher, Musurg. vol. i. p. 214 (Rome, 
1650). Phr.: to rundown the s., vocem 
ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravis- 
simum sonum recipere, Cic. de Or. 1, 
59, 251: (cf. omnes Sonorum gradus per- 
sequi, id. Or. 18, 59). (N.B.—As the 
ancient system of music differed funda- 
mentally from the modern, it is impos- 
sible to expr. in class. lang. a major 
or minor s. [* scala major, minor, quam 
vocant]: these terms are however 
used: a chromatic s., chroma; a dia- 
tonic s., diatonum; an enharmonic s., 
enharmonicum, Boéth. On the whole 
subj., v. Dict. Ant. art. “ Music.”’) 

scale(v.): |, Vo take off the scales: 
desquamo, 1: tos. fish, d. pisces, PL Aul. 
2,9, 1. |], Zo climb by ladders : expr. 
by phr. with scalae, arum: ¢o s. a ram- 
part, vallum scalis ascendere, Caes. B. G. 
5, 43: to s. the walls, s. positis muros 
ascendere, id. B.C. 1, 48: scalis scandere 
muros, in muros evadere, Liv. 29, 7: to 
tale a town by s.ing the walls, oppidum 
scalis capere, id. 8, 29, ad jfin.: v. ESCA- 
LADE: @ machine for s.ing the walls, 
ascendens machina, Vitr. 10, 13 (19), 3. 

scalene: scalénus, Auson. Idyll. 13, 
prooem. § 7: a@ s.-triangle, scalénon 
(-um), Ps.-Botth. Ars Geom. p. 407, 
ed. Teubn. 

scaling-ladder: scalae, arum: to 
mount the s.s, scalis egredi, Sall. J. 61: 
one or two s.s were broken, unae atque 
alterae s. comminutae, ib.: Caes.: Liv.: 
also ascensus, tis, Vitr. Io, 13 (19), 8. 

scallion: *allium schoenoprasum 
Linn.). 

scallop (subs.): |, A kind of 
shell-fish : pecten, inis, m.: broad s.s, 
patuli p., Hor. S. 2, 4, 34: Plin. Dimin., 
pectuncilus: id. 9, 29, 45. {J, 4 hollow 
made in the border f any thing : nearest 
word perh. * sinus, is (which is applied 
to the bend of a reaping-hook, the curve 
of a serpent in motion, etc.): v. foll. art. 

scallop (v.): perh. best expr. by 
sinuo, 1 (to curve, hollow out: it occurs 
trans. in Cels, 7, 2, ad fin.): a s.’d edge, 
* limbus introrsus sinuatus (cf. Tac. H. 
5, a: s.’d leaves, sinuosis folia lateri- 
bus, Plin. 16, 6, 8, ad init. 

scalp (subs.) : no prop. equiv.: expr. 
by cutis, is, f. (skin): calvaria ‘‘ cute” 
capillum gignente contegitur, Cels. 8, 1, 
ad init.: it may perh. be expr. by 
*exuviae (poet.; cf. Catull. 66, 62). 

scalp (».): *cutem capiti alicujus 
detrahere. 

scalpel: 1, scalpellum (prop. 
dimin. of foll.: the form scalpellus is 
used by Ceis.): to employ the s., s. ad- 











SCALY 


SCARCE, SCARCELY 


SCATTER 








hibere, Cic. Sest. 65, 135. 2, scalprum 
(also scalper, ri, Cels. 8, 3): V. KNIFE. 
scaly: 1, squamdsus: as. dragon, 
s. draco, Virg.G. 4,408. 2, squameus: 
@ s. serpent, s. anguis, Virg. G. 2, 154. 
8, squamiger, éra, érum : Ov. : Suet. 
4, squamifer, éra, érum: Lucan: 
Sen. 5, squamatus (not class.): Tert. 
scammony: scammonéa, Cic. Div. 
1, 10, 16 (the form scammonéum occurs 
in Cato; scammonium and -ia, in Plin.); 
*Convolvulus scammonea, Linn. 
scamp: scélus, verbéro, furcifer- v. 
BASCAL, SCOUNDKEL. 
scamper: expr. by phr.: to s. off, 
conjicere se in pedes, Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 13: 
Is. off, ego me in pedes (sc. conjicio), 
kL Eun. 5, 2, 5: fret, why don’t you s. 
away? quin pedes vos in curriculum 
eonjicitis? Pl. Merc. 5, 2, 91: tos. off in 
ahurry, abripere se subito, id. Mil. 2, 2, 
21: s. away, fac te propere celerem, id. 
Trin. 4, 3, 1: to s. along the road, viam 
vorare, Catul. 35, 7. 
scan: |. Vo examine attentively : 
1, contemplor, 1 (to look closely at): 
to s. one’s countenance, c. vultum, Ter. 
Ph. 1, 4, 32: tos. the case most narrowly, 
causam acerrime c., Cic. Flac. 11, 26. 
9, considéro, 1 : to s. anybody closely, 
c. aliquem diligerter, Suet. Cal. 36. 
Join: contemplari et c., Cic. Verr. 4, 
15, 33. 3. inspicio, exi, ectum, 35 v. 
EXAMINE, LOOK INTO. I]. Vo divide a 
verse into feet . 1, expr. by métior, 
mensus, 4 (to measure): to s. a verse by 
syllables, not by intervals, pedes m. syl- 
labis non intervallis, Cic. Or. 57, 194: 
to s. a verse by feet, pedibus versum m., 
Mar. Vict. 2495 Pp. 2, scando, di, sum, 
3: tos. a verse, s. versum, Claud. Epigr. 
29, 2 (in a pun): Diomed, Phir.: to s. 
metres, metra enumerare, Cledon. 1885 P : 
to s. a line, pedes versiculi enumerare, 
Gramm. quoted by Kr. 
scandal: |. A flagrant offence: 
opprobrium (7eproach): to be as. to the 
stat , opprobrio esse civitati, Nep. Con. 
3, 4: the s. of the village (in concrete 
sense): s. pagi, Hor. Od. 2, 13, 4: Vv. 
REPROACH, DISGRACE. Phr.: to efface 
the s. of this order, huic ordini con- 
ceptam turpitudinem atque infamiam 
delere, Cic, Verr. Act. 1, 16. extr.: the 
s. of the age, seculi labes atque macula, 
Cic. Balb. 6, 15: infamia, Ov. M. 8, 97: 
a §. to posterity, posteritatis crimen, id. 
Tr. 4,9, 26. (N.B.—Scandalum is used 
by eccl. writers for a stwmbling-block, 
cause of offence.) Il. Defamatory 
talk: malignus sermo, Suet. Aug. 27: 
Vv. CALUMNY, SLANDER. Phr.: to talks. 
behind one’s back, de absente detrahendi 
causa maledice contumelivseque dicere, 
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 134: to set a s. on foot 
respecting any one, aliquid sermonis in 
aliquem quaerere, id. Flac. 5, 13: con- 
tumelias in aliquem jacere, Tac. A. 2, 55, 
extr. Sometimes expr. by rumor, ib.; or 
fama, Virg. Aen. 4, 172. 
scandalize: offendo, di, sum, 3: 
ic. ; ¥. TO SHOCK, OFFEND. 
scandalous: 1. probrosus (cha- 
racterized by disgraceful conduct): of s. 
fe, vita probrosus [et opertus infamia], 
ac. A. 3, 69: Cic. Font. 12, 27 (p. cri- 
men): Hor. 2. expr. by probrum, 
Hagitium (scandalous conduct): to be ex- 
pelled from the senate for s. life, probri 
gratia senatu moveri, Sall. Cat. 23: to be 
regarded as s., probro esse, ib. 12: that 
s. behaviour of the soldiers, illa militum 
flagitia, Tac. A. 1, 27. (Offensioni esse 
{R. and A.] denotes rather wnpopularity 
than scandal.) 3, infamis, flagitidsus- 
V. INFAMOUS, DISGRACEFUL. 
scandalously: flagitiose. v 
GRACEFULLY. 
scansion: scansio: Beda, 2368 Pp; 
*dimensio metrica (Kr.). 
scant, scanty: _ 1, exiguus: as. 
gown, e. toga, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 13: @ s. 
number, e. numerus, Caes. B.C. 2, 39: 
a moderate or rather a s. structure, opus 
modicum ac potius e., Plin. Ep. 6, 10: 
&. praise, e. laus, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 5. 2 
angustus (narrow, confi s. means at 
hone, res a. domi, Juv. 3,165. Join 


DIS- 


} 





| NeSS : 


exiguus atque a., Cic. Rab. perd. 3, 9. 
3. ténuis (slight, trifling): a 

wretchvdly s. spoil, misera ac t. praeda, 
Caes. B.G. 6, 35: a s. stream, t. rivulus, 
Cic. Rep. 2,19. 4, curtus (mutilated, 
defective: only fig.): a s. stock, c. su- 
pellex, Pers. 4, 52: s. faith, c. fides, Juv. 
14, 166: Hor. 5, mialignus (stingy, 
stinted): a &. fire, m. ignis, Mart. 10, 
6,7: Virg. 6, rarus (few and far 

tween): s. bunches, r. raceml, Virg. E. 
5; ye 7, parcus: Vv. SPARING. 

scantily: 1, exigué (for syn. see 
adj.): to furnish means s., e. sumptum 
praebere, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2,33: Cic. 2, 
angusté: Caes. B. G. 5, 24. 3, ma- 
ligné: Mela: Sen.: v. SPARINGLY, 
POORLY. 

scantiness: 1, exiguitas: the s. 
of the forces, e. copiarum, Coel, in Cic. 
Fam. 8, 10, r: Cic.: Caes. 9. an- 
gustiae, drum, (©. pl.: the s. of the stock 
of corn, rei frumentariae, Caes. B. C. 
2.17: the s. of their pay, a. stipendii, 
Tac. A. 1, 35. 

scape-goat: caper emissarius, Vulg. 
Lev. xvi. 26. Phr.: am I to be the s. 
of your folly ? men’ piacularem oportet 
fieri ob stultitiam tuam? Pl. Epid. 1, 2, 
36. (So perh. piaculum: cf. Liv. 21, ro, 
ad fin., nec delendum solum id piaculum 
[Hannibalem] rupti foederis, etc.) 

——-grace; nébiilo: Cic.: Hor.: 
V. PRODIGAL, 

sca»ulary: *scapulare: vestis sca- 
pularis (Kr.). 

scar (sbs.): cicatrix: an ugly s., 
foeda c., Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 60: to form a s. 
(over a wound), c. ducere, Liv. 29, 32: 
inducere, Cels. 7, 28: to show the s.s of 
vounds received in front, ostendere c. 
adverso corpore exceptas, Cic. Verr. 5, I, 
33 Liv. 2,23: of the mark of a tooth 
on the bark of a tree, Virg. G. 2, 379. 
Dimin. cicatricila (a small s.): Cels 
2, 10, extr. 
P sear (v.): expr. by *cicatricibus foe- 
are. 

scarce (adj.): rarus: to prefer s. 
things to common, anteponere rara vul- 
garibus, Cic. Top. 18, 69: faithfulness 


in friendships ts rare, r. in amicitiis | 


fides, Plin. Ep. 6, 10: very s., perrarus, 
Liv.: Vv. RARE, UNCOMMON. Phr.: 
make yourselves s., hinc vos amolimini, 
Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 24. 

—, scarcely: |. Of complete- 
barely : TP ivixis (<6 vas’ 's: 
right, v. erat rectum, Cic. Att. 6, 9, ad 


Jin.: s. believing my senses, V. mi ipse 


credens, Cat. 31, 5: reduced to s. 500, v. 
ad D. reducti, Caes. B. G. 2, 28: s. 30 
days, v.dum xxx. dies, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 
2: s.or not at all, v. aut omnino non, 
id. Att. 3, 35,2: v. aut nullo modo, id. 


N. D. 2, 7,20. The foll. also occur: s., | 


... much less, vix... nedum, id. Fam. 
16, 8: Liv. 24, 4: s.... yet, v.... sed 
tamen, Cic. Pis. 12, 27. Stronger forms: 
v. saltem, Quint. 6, 4, 15: vix, vixque, 
Albinov. 1, 167. S. any one, v. ullas, 
Liv. 24, 5, ad init. : also in pl., v. pauci, 


Cic. de Or. 1, 2,7: but these phrr. are | 


more usu. with fere- nemo f., id. Am. 
1, 5: non f. quisquam, id. Sest. 23, 51: 
non ullus f., Caes. B. G. 5, 33: s. any 
but the names of the kings, tantum f. 
regum nomina, Cic. Rep. 2, 18: with s. 
any harbours, prope nullis portibus, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 12, ad fin. 2. aegré 
(with difficulty and effort, opp. to fa- 
cile): they s. refrain from attacking the 
camp, a. abstinent quin castra oppug- 
nent, Liv. 2, 45: Cic. Sen.20,72. Join: 
vix aegreque, Pl. Poen. 1, 2, 27: vix et 
aegre, Flor. 2, 10. Phr.: s. alive, 
male vivus, Ov. A. A. 2, 660° to have s. 
enough corn for 30 days, frumentum 
exigue dierum xxx. habere, Caes. B. G. 
2; 91: also expr. by haud, non facile, 
ic. Brut. 67, 238: Rep. 1, 3, ad fin. 
, Of time: hardly: tS cvix: 
(strengthened freq. by dum : v. preced.) : 
the foll. clause is introduced most freq. 
by quum: poet. also by et or que, or 
witbout connecting word: he had s. said 
this, when. .., V.ea fatus erat, quum..., 








——ae 


8, 520: I had s. said haif when he 


caught my meaning, v.dum dimidiom 
dixeram, intellexerat, Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 4 
Strengthened by other advs.: I have s. 
read the letter, v. tandem legi litteras, 
Cic. Fam. 3, 9, init.: he had s. ceased, 
v. bene desierat, Ov. M. 2, 47. 7 
expr. by tantum quod: J had s. arrived 
when the letter was handed to me, t. q. 
veneram quum litterae redditae sunt, 
Cic, Fam. 4, 23, init.: v. aus7. 
scarceness, scarcity: 1, pau- 
citas (fewness): a wonderful s. of 
panthers, mira pantherarum p., Cic 
Fam. 2, 11, 2. Q. péniria (dearth): 
in a time of s., in penuria, Plin. 18, 13 
34, ad fin.: a s. of good men, p. bun- 
orum, Cic. Brut. 1, 2. 3. angustiae, 
arum (straits, inadequate supply): s. 
of provisions, a, rei frumentariae, Caes, 
B. C. 2,17: Cic. 4, difficultas (difi- 
culty of obtaining anything): a s. of 
money, d. numaria, Cic. Verr. 2, 28, 69: 
a s. of provisions, d. annonue, Suet. Aug 
41. 5, caritas (high price): first s. 
then positive want, primum c., deinde 
inopia, Auct. pro Dom. Io, 25: in a 
time of s., in caritate, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 5, 8: 
it vasa year of very great s., annus in 
summa c. fuit, id. Verr. 3, 93, 216: v. 


DEARTH. 6, indpia: v. WANT, DESTI- 
TUTION. Phr.: the people were suffer- 


ing from a great s. of provisions, plebs 
acri annona fatigabavur, Tac. A. 4,6: a 
season of s. had arisen, annona artior in- 
ciderat, Suet. Tib. 8: frumentum an- 
gustius provenerat, Caes. B. G. 5, 24. 

scare: terreo, 2: the reeds s. the birds, 
arundo t. volucres, Hor. S. 1, 8, 7: ¥ 
TO FRIGHTEN. 

—-crow: perhb. formido, inis, / 
(a string with feathers fastened at 
intervals, linea pennis distincta dicta f., 
Sen. Ira, 2, 11, 5): cf. Hor. S. 1, 8, 4. 

scarf: perh. mitella (a s. or hand- 
kerchief by which a broken arm is sus- 
pended): Cels. 8, to, 3. As an article of 
dress perh. chlimys, ydis, /.: v. Dict. 
Ant. 

scarification : scirificatio, Col. 6, 
12, 1: Plin. 

scarify ; scirifico, 1: to s. the gums, 
s. gingivas, Plin. 32, 7, 26. 

scarlet (subs. and adj.): coccum 
(prop. a berry : hence s. colour or cloth) : 
a garment dyed with brilliant s., rubro 
c. tincta vestis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 102: s. 
colour, cocci color, Plin. 33, 7, 37: ropes 
made of purple and s., purpura coceo- 
que nexi funes, Suet. Ner. 34. Hence 
adj. coccineus, or more freq. coccinus 
s. garments, coccina (n. pl.), Mart. 14, 
131. Phr.: @ lad clothed in s., puer- 
ulus coccinatus, Suet. Dom. 4: the &. 
oak, ilex aquifolia, Plin. 16, 8, 12 (* quer- 
cus coccitfera, Linn.) : the s. fever, * febris 
purpurea, scarlatina (Kr.). 

scarred (part. and adj.)* cicatri- 
césus: a s. face, c. facies, Quint. 4, 1, 61. 

scarp; *declivitas valli interior 
(R. and A.). 

scatheless; incdliimis: v.sare (IL). 

l 


scatter: Irans. - To 
throw about: 1, spargo, si, sum, 3 (to 


| strew) +: tos. mone amongst the populace, 


5. numos populo, Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16: fos. 


| roses, s. rosas, Hor. Od. 3,19,22. Join: 


s. et disseminare, Cic. Arch. 12, 30: Vv. TO 
SPRINKLE. 9. dissipo, 1 (to disperse) 

she s.’d the limbs of her brother about, 
dissipavit fratris sui membra, Cic. Man. 
9, 22: tos. the enemy, hostes d., id. Fam. 
2, Io, 2. Fig.: to s. cares, d. curas, 
Hor. Od. 2, 11, 17. 8. dispergo, si, 
sum, 3 (with perf. part. in refiect. sense) : 
a multitude s.’d in every direction, dis- 
persa in omnes partes multitudo, Caes, 
B. G. 6, 34. Join: d. et dissipati, id. 
B. G. 5, 28: fusi ac d., Cic. Sest. 42, gr. 
Fig.: to s. Jalse reports, d. falsos ru- 
mores, Tac. H. 2, 96. 4, disjicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3 (freq. milit. term): éo s. 
a column of soldiers, d. phalangem, 
Caes. B. G. 1,25 the south-wind s.s the 
vessels, auster disjicit naves, Tac. A. 2, 
23: to s. their corpses over the deep, d. 
corpora ponto, Virg. Aen. 1,70. Fig.: 


Virg. Aen. 6, 190: see also ib. 5, 8573 | topics unarranged and sd promiscu- 


711 


SCATTERING 


ously up and down, res sparsae et vage 
disjectae, Auct. Her. 4, 2, 3- 5, dis- 
pello, puli, pulsum, 3 (to drive apart: 
rare): to s. the shades (of night), d. um- 
bras, Virg. Aen. 5,839: s.'d cattle, pecudes 
dispulsae, Cic. Att. 7, 7, ad jin. 
disciitio, cussi, cussum, 3: V. TO BREAK 
up. 7, fundo, fudi, fasum, 3 (to pour 
forth, esp. as milit. term, to rout, q. v.): 
they rout and s. them whilst half asleep, 
semisomnos fugaut f.que, Sall. Jug. 21. 
Fig. : blemishes which carelessness has 
s’d (freely) throughout, maculae quae 
incuria fudit, Hor. A. P. 352. 
différo, distiili, dilatum, 3 (to bear away 
in different directions : rare): to S. 
embers, d. favillam, Lucr. 2, 676: Hor. 
Q, disséro, sero, 3: V. TO SPREAD 
ABROAD. Phr.: flight has sd my 
Friends, fuga amicos distraxit, Cic. Fam. 
‘4, 13, 2: the breezes s. everything, aurae 
omnia discerpunt, Virg. Aen. 9, 313 : to 
s. armies, agmina diruere, Hor. Od. 4, 
14, 30: los. them abroad, agere diversos, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 70: lo S. ashes over the 
fields, cinerem jactare per agros, id. G. 
1, 81: the bodies of the slain lay s.d 
about all over the field, corpora caesa 
toto campo ac prostrata diverse jacebant, 
Auct. B. Afr. 40, ad fin. I. Zo 
disperse; esp. ™m hostile sense: 
Intrans.: 1, expr. by preced. 
verbs with pron. reflect. or in pass. : to 
s. in flight in every direction, se in 
fugam passim spargere, Liv. 33, 15, ad 
fin. : 37, 20- cf. sup. (I, 2). 9, di- 
labor, psus, 3 (esp. of armies, gradually 
diminishing and melting oway): Sall. 
Jug. 18 (exercitus amisso duce brevi 


dilabitur) : Liv. 
scattering (swbs.) : 1, dissi- 
patio: the wandering and s. of the citi- 


zens, error ac d. civium, Cic. Rep. 2, 6. 

9, sparsioe a S. of rich presents 
(among the people), s. dives, Stat. Silv. 
1, 6, 66. 3. disjectus, Us: Lucr. 3, 
g26. But oftener expr. by verb: v. TO 
SCATTER. 


scattered (part. adj.): 1, varus 


(far apart) : limited und widely s. dis- | 
tricts, loci r. ac angusti, Cic. Rep. 6, 19. | 


2, expr. by passim (in all direc- 
tions): cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 162. See also 
verb. 

scavenger: 1, cloacarius (of late 
authority, but perh. the best word) : 
Edict. Diocletian (Fore.). 9, perh. 
scoparius (sweeper) : cf. Ulp. Dig. 33, 
es 3, expr. by purgator viarum, 
platearum : the phr. p. cloacarum occurs 
in Firm. Math. 8, 20. Phr.: todo the 
work of @ s.. curam viis verrendis ad- 
hibere, Suet. Vesp. 5- 

scazon; scazon, ntis, m., Plin. Ep. 
Bake 

scene: my ue artificial back- 
ground of a theatre : scena (usu. the 
entire stage): the front of the scene, 
frons scenae, Vitr. 5, 7, T+ the varied 
splendour of the s., scenae species clara 
variaque, Lucr. 4, 77: laughable situa- 
tions, fit for the scene and the stage, 
Judibria scena et pulpito digna, Plin. Ep. 
4, 25, ad fin.: to be before the s.s (on 
the stage), in scena esse, Cic. Brut. 84, 
290: V. STAGE. Phr.: the s. ts shifted 
by machinery, machinae mutant speciem 
ornationis, Vitr. 5, 6, 8. |]. Meton.= 
a part of a play: scena: (Gr.). Ill. 
A ‘sight, spectacle : 1, spectactilum : 
a dreadful s., atrox §., Tac. Agr. 37: V. 
SPECTACLE. Q, @XPT- by other words: 
O splendid s.! O praeclarum prospec- 
tum ! Cic. Acad. 2, 25, 80: @ mournful 
s., lugubris p. Tac. H. 1, 84: tt pre- 
sented. a terrible s., horribilem speciem 
praebebat, Caes. B. G. 1, 36: the next 
day disclosed the s. of victory more fully, 
proximus dies faciem victoriae latius 
aperuit, Tac. Agr. 38: Curt. G5, 13,10. 

3, sometimes expr. by neut. adj.: 
all those s.s rose before his mind, ea 
universa occurrebant animo, Liv. 25, 24: 
among the other sad s.s of that year, 
inter cetera tristia ejus anni, id. 9, 25. 

IV. Zhe place wn which an event 
happens: expr. by phr.: the s. of the 
events Iam narrating, ubi ea quae dico 

412 





SCEPTICISM 


107: Italy, 

arena civili 

THEATRE, 
scenery 





the Ss. 0, 
s belli, Flor. 4, % 18 


gesta esse memorantur, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 


f the civil var, Italia, 


Vv. 


2 |, Artificial s.: * ap- 


paratus scenae, or simply scena: 
II. Natural s.: no exact 


preced. art. 


equiv.: the nearest words a 
regionis) forma, spec 
round about %s 


forma pulc 


herrima, Plin. Ep. 5, 6; 


Wi 


re (locorum, 
ies, facies: the Ss. 
most lovely, regionis 


Ais 


you will think you behold some land- 


scape picture of 
formam aliquam ad 


tudinem pictam videberis cernere, 
on either side is different, 
varia hine et inde facies, 1Gsu2seDHs 


§ 13: the s. 


such diversified S., 
the endless diversity 


ib. § 21: 
innumerae 

Stat. Silv. 2, 
amoenitates 


species 


the most charming S., 
eximiam pulchri- 


ib. 


a: 


tot facies locorum, 
of the s., 
cultusque locorum, 


2, 91: the beautiful coast-s., 
orarum et littorum, Cic. 


N. D. 2, 39, 100: id. Q. Fr. 3, 1,1) 1: 


LANDSCAPE. 


scent (subs.): I. 
smell : 1, ddoratus, Us: Vv. 


The sense 


ef. 


of 


SMELL, 


9, sigacitas (eenness of 8.5 applied 
to dogs): the keen s. of dogs in pursuing 


the game, canum ai 


narium, Cic. 


grancy: Odor (any smell ; 


quiring som 
sant smell) 
jucundus, C 
s.s around, 


15,7: to inhale a 
trahere naribus, Ph 
grance of the 8.8 w 
flowers, suavitas 


ex floribus, 


gain is pleasant, 
204: Cic. : V. PERFUME. 
some s. of @ dictatorship, & 
turae, Cic. Att. 4, 16. 2 
a keen s., sagacem nasum 
2, 18: dolphins have a very 
me olfaciunt, 


Curent; 


keen s., delpbini sagacissi 


Plin. 41, 34 


keen s., odora canum vis, 
132 (v. KEEN-SCENTED): to get 8. 
money, numum olfacere. Cic. Agr. 1, 4 
11: she has got s. of 


marsupium 


halantes flor 
scent (v. 


| smell : Gdoror. t: 


N. D. 2, 62, 158. 


d investigandum s. 
Il. #7a- 
hence re- 


e adjunct to denote @ plea- 
2a pleasant s., 0. Suavis et 
ic. Verr. 3, 9, 23: fo scatter 
spargere odores, Hor. Od. 2, 


Cic. Sen. 17, 59: the s. 


, 50: a pack of hounds 


Ph. 3, I, 10: 


ie |. 


Virg. Aen. 
of the 


your purse, oboluit 
buic, Pl. Men. 2, 3, 33 (38): 
has my jather got s. of i 
subolet patri? Ter. 
sweet s. of ointmen 
suavis, Lucr. 3, 223 : 
| s.s, omnis copia narium, 
6: gardens laden with the s. of flowers, 
ibus horti, Virg. G. 4, 109- 

To perceive by the 
hounds s. everything, 


t? numquid 
the 
t, spiritus unguenti 
the whole realm of 
Hor. Od. 2, 15, 


s. greedily, 0. avide 
aedr. 3, 1, 3: the fra- 
hich ave exhaled by 
odoram qui afflantur 


of 


lucri bonus 0., Juv. 14, 
Fig.: there is 
st o. dicta- 
hr.: fo have 

habere, Pl. 


of 
4, 


canes venatia omnia odorantur, Cic. 


Verr. 4, 13, 21: 
Footsteps, vestigiis o. in 
id. Pis. 34, 83 - 
fragrant : odoro, 1: 


and s.s the 


que, Col. 9, 4: #0 S. the air, 


M. 15, 734: 


cuml., odoribus perfundere, 


ef. Hor. Od. 





Plin. 30, 11 


cula (prop. a little box J 


Cic. Off. 2,7 


scented 
s. locks, 0. 


Ov.: very sweet-s. flowers, 


-bottle: 
Isid. Orig. 19, 31, extr. 


v. SMELL. 


to s. anybody out by his 
gressus alicujus, 
II. Zo make 
it (the plant) colours 


honey, miella colorat odorat- 


Vv. PERFUME. 


153/22) 


, 29> nosega/). 


» 25. 


o, aera, Ov. 
(Or by cir- 
imbuere: 


1, olfactoridlum : 
(olfactorium in 
2, ar- 


‘or scents, etc.) : 


(part. and adj.) : édoratus : 
capilli, Hor. Od. 3, 20, 14: 


flores, Plin. 28, 8, 28: V- FRAGRANT. 


sceptic: 
curs in Ge 


Pyrrboneéis 
Cic. de Or 
by phr.: 


, qui nega 
quod liqueat de aliqua Te, Cic. N. D. 


* scepticus : 
1; 11,5, 1s 


| plained by qumesitor et considerator. 
| may someti 


mes be expr. 


odoratissimi 


oKeTTTLKOS OC 
where it is eX- 


It 


by unus e 


(the followers of Pyrho), 


3, 16, 62: Sen.: Gell. : 


12, 29: V. foll. art. 
sceptical: 1 be s., in considerando 


et quaerendo esse, Gell. 11, 5,1: 
ohibere, Cic. N. 
du- 


incertis assensionem C¢ 


TX, eee 
bitare, Sen. 


_scepticism : 
sionum retentio, 
| (assensio = 


Acad, 1, 12: Or simply, 
Brev. Vit. 14, 2. 


Cic. Acad. 2, 24, 
a belief in the reality 


or 


t omnino se habere 


I, 


a rebus 


D. 


perb. omnium assen- 


78 
of 
























































SCHOOL 


phenomena) : dubitatio de omnibus re- 
bus, ib. 1, 4, 17: cf. Min. Fel. 13, med., 
hoc fonte defluxit Academicorum de 
summis quaestionibus dubitatio: omnia 
in dubium incertumque revocandi libido 
(Kr.). 

cpooires 1, sceptrum: the royd» 
s., s. regale, Ov. M. 5, 422: fo receive the 
s., 8. accipere, Virg. Aen. 7, 173. Fig.: 
(in this sense mostly pl.) 2 wielding the 
s., sceptra tenens, ib. 1, 57: V- DOMINION, 
RULE. 9, scipio, Onis, ™. (a staff): 
an ivory s., eburneus S&., Val. Max. 4, 4, 
5: Liv. 3, bacilum (rare): @ silver 
s., argenteum b., Flor. 3, 19, 10: of s.s 
used on the stage, Suet. Ner. 24. 

—— -bearer: sceptiichus (a7 East- 
ern dignity), Tac. A. 6, 33: Liv. 

sceptred : 1, sceptrifer: a s. 
hand, s. manus, Ov. F. 6, 480. 9. 
sceptriger : Stat. Th. 11, 636. 

‘schedule: perh. ascriptio (an addi- 

tion to a law): Cic. Caecin. 33,95: Vs 
APPENDIX, LIST. Or perh. scheda: V. 
SHEET. 

scheme (subs.) consilium: V. PLAN. 

—— (v.); molior, 4: s.ing to usurp 
the throne, moliens de usurpando regno, 
Gic. Rep. 2, 35: also reguum m., Liv. 1, 
47, ad init.: cf, ib. paulo infr., si Tana- 
quil... tantum moliri potuisset animo : 
also in animom., Vell. 2, 46. See also 
TO CONTRIVE, PLAN. 

schism: in eccl. writers schisma, 
itis, n. ; V. DIVISION, DISSENSION- 

schismatic: schismaticus, Aug. 

scholar: |. 4 learner: discipulus, 
f. discipila ; Vv. PUPIL. I. 4 learned, 
man: vir (homo) doctus, ériditus: @& 
s. and learned in the Greek language, 
doctus vir et Graecis litteris eruditus, 
Cic. Br. 30, 114: no less accomplished as 
a Greek than asa Latin s., (haud) minus 
Graece quam Latine doctus, Suet.Gr. 7: 
Thave always taken pleasure in learn- 
ing and s.s, semper mihi et doctrina et 
eruditi homines placuerunt, Cic. Rep. 1, 
1}, fim.: V. LEARNED, (N.B.—For the 
precise sense of litterator, Vv. LITERARY.) 


Ill, 4é a college or university = 
*scholaris. 
scholarly: Phr.: @ very s. man, 


vir penitus doctrina (litteris Graecis 
Latinisque) imbutus, ef. Cic. de Or. 2, 
39, 162: one whe has only a little of a s. 
education, ony litteris leviter imbutus, 
Quint. I, 2, 10: @ most s. production, 
*liber germanissimo litterarum sapore 
refertus,imbutus ; omni doctrina refertus. 
See also LEARNED, ACCOMPLISHED. 

scholarship: _ |. Learning, cul- 
ture; doctrina, littérae, Eriuditio, etc. : 
v. LEARNING (II.). I]. 4 foundation 
jor a scholar at college or university = 
*pecuniae quae scholari alendo exhi- 
bentur, praebentur. 

scholastic: 1. scholasticus (having 
to do with the philosophical schools): S. 
controversies, S- controversiae, Tac. Or. 
14, fin.: ef. Quint. 4, 25 g2 (where the 
phr. recurs and is explained). Q, expr. 
by schola: s. expressions, verba e philo- 
sophorum scholis petita, ef. Cic. Or. 27, 
g5: there is something s. about the style, 
* genus scribendi scholam [magis quam 
vitam] sapere videtur. 3, umbratilis, 
e (esp. of language proper for the study 3 
not savouring of the actual conflict of 
the forum and real life): the language 
of philosophers is quiet and S., mollis 
est oratio philosophorum et U., Cic. Or. 


19, 64. 

scholiast : schiliastes. ae (GT. 7XO- 
AvacTys)-. Or use, *(vetus) interpres, 
explicator: V- INTERPRETER. y 

school (subs.): |. 4 place of in- 
struction : 1, lidus: an elementary S., 
ludus literarum, Liv. 3, 44: Dionysius 
is said to have opened @ S. at Corinth, 
Dionysius Corinthi dicitur ludum aper- 
uisse, Cic. Fam. 9, 18, init. Frequently 
used of a school of gladiators : Caes. B.C. 
1, 14(gladiatores quos ibi Caesar in Ludo 
habebat). 2, schola (usu. an advai 
school for adults): out of the s.s of the 
philosophers, © scholis philosophorum, 
Cic. Or. 29, 95: to shut up s., scholam 
dimittere, Suet. Gr. 6. |]. Meton.: 








3 






b 
‘ 
fot 





SCHOOL 





the followers of a certain teacher: 1, 
echola: all the s.s of the philosophers, 
omnes philosophorum s., Cic. de Or. 1, 
13, 56. the s. (of Isocrates) produced 
the most distinguished orators, (Isocratis) 
s. principes oraturuim dedit, Quint. 12, 
10, 22. 2, secta (used in speaking of 
the tenets of one school in contradistinc- 
tion to those of other schools): to follow 
the s. of those philosophers, eorum philo- 
sophormm s. sequi, Cic. Brut. 31, 120: 
between the Stoics and the followers of the 
s.of Epicurus thereis a continual contest, 
inter Stoicos et Epicuri sectam secutos 
yace perpetua est, Quint. 5, 7,35. 3. 
eton., disciplina (the total teaching 
and theory of any philosopher or school) : 
almost all philosophers of all s.s, omnes 
tere philosophi omnium d., Cic. Tuse. 5, 
32,90. In like manner, ratio. v. THEORY. 
4, familia (rare in this sense, and 
used in a fig. manner): the whole s. of 
the Peripatetics, f. tota Peripateticorum, 
Cic. Div. 2,1, 3. Phr.: the s. of Plato, 
Aristotle, etc., illi a Platone, Aristotele, 
etc.: Cic. Mur. 30, 63: also particular 
schools may be denoted by an adj.: e. ¢. 
thes. of Epicurus, Wpicurei; of Aristotle, 
* Aristotelii (-€i) ; etc. Hil. A place to 
ire or exercise anything : ie 
officina (iit., a place where anything ts 
made, a workshop): a s. of wickedness, 
nequitiae o., Cic. R. Am. 46, 134: @ s. 
of wisdom, sapientiae o., Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 
26: cf. Liv. 39, 8, ad fin. 2, liidus: 
a s. and workshop of orutory, |. atque 
officina dicendi, Cic. Brut. 8, 32: as. of 
impudence, 1. impudentiae, Cic. de Or, 
3, 24, 94. Phr.: in the school of wis- 
dom, sapientia praeceptrice, Cic. Fin. 1, 


13, 43. 

school (v.): v. TO TEACH. Phr.: 
schooled in any art, gnarus artis (ali- 
cujus), Just. 11,7, med.: schooled in the 
(manners of) the. times, callidus tem- 
porum, Tac. A. 4, 33: V. SKILLED IN, 
ACQUAINTED WITH, 

— -fellow: condiscipiilus, i, m. : 
a contemporary and s., aequalis et ¢., 
Cic. Tuse. 1, 18, 41° amongst s.s., inter 
condiscipulos, Suet. Ner. 22: a female s., 
condiscipula, Mart. 10, 35. 

— -fellowship : condiscipulatus, 
iis (very rare): Nep. Att. 54 (cum quo 
a condiscipulatu vivebat). 

——.-master: © 1. ludi-migister: 
Cie. N. D. 1, 26, 72. Also simply, ma- 
gister (puerorum), Liv. 5, 27, iit. OF 
doctor; v. TEACHER. Phr.: ¢o start as 
s., dum (litterarum) aperire, Cic. Fam. 

, 18, init.: to leave off being as., scholam 
imittere, Suet. Gr. 6: to be as., pueros 
docere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 27. 

— -mistress: /- magistra; prae- 
ceptrix, 

— -yroom: no exact equiv.: perh. 
sehéla: ef. Plin. 26, 2. 

schooner: rh. actuarium navi- 
gium: Caes. B. C. 1, 27. 

sciatic (adj.): 1, ischiaidicus : 
esp. as subs. denoting one suffering from 
s. disease: Plin.25,13,106. 2, ischiacus 
(suffering from sciatica): Cato, R. R. 123 
(vinum ad ischiacos sic facito). 

sciatica: ischias, dis, /.: Plin. 27, 
5, 16 (cf. preced. art.). 

science: |, dny knowledge : sci- 
entia: Vv. KNOWLEDGE. I]. A definite 
branch of knowledge : 1, scientia (a 
less technical expr. than Eng.): no art 
without s. (or knowledge), artem sine s, 
esse non posse, Cic. Acad. 2, 47, 246: 

eis the s. of things to be sought 

or shunned, prudentia est rerum expe- 
tendarum fugiendarumque s., id. Off. 1, 43, 
153: the s. of the architect, s. architecti, 
Vitr. 1, 7t. =, disciplina (knowledge | 
and training systematized): political s., 
d. reipublicae, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159: the 
$8. of war, d. militiae, id. Man. 10, 28: thes. 
of agriculture, a. ruris, Col. 1, pref. fin. : 
all the principles of the s. (architecture), 
omnes disciplinae rationes, Vitr. pref. 
extr. 8, ars (strictly, the practical side 
of science; skill, art: but also capable 
of including theory): cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 
187. 4, doctrina (strictly, correlative 
to disciplina; that which is taught, as | 
| 





SCOLDING 


opp. to that which is learned; but prac- 
tically the two are about equivalent): 
(Athens), inventress of every &., omnium 
d. inventrices, Cic. de Or. 1, 4, 13: ace 
quainted with Greel s., Graecis d. eru- 
ditus, id. Br. 67, 236. 5, ratio (theory, 
principles): the s. and practice of war, 
r. atque usus belli, Cues. B. G. 4, 1: 
ignorant of natural s., physicae r. ig- 
narus, Cic. N. D, 2, 21, 54: V. THEORY. 
6. expr. by neut. pl.: cf. adjj. like 

physicus, miisicus, grammaticus, etc.. to 
be totally ignorant of the s. of music, *in 
musicis omnino rudem esse: cf. MUSIC 
(1.). Ill. “rinciple, rationale; ratio 
Vv. supr. 

scientific: expr. by ritio, scientia, 
disciplina, doctrina, ete. : thoroughly well 
acquatited with s. subjects, physicae ra- 
tionis peritissimus, ef. Cic. N. De 2°21; 
54: to engage in s. research, de natura 
{rerum} quaerere, Cic. (Quich.): 8. m- 
quiries, Quaestiones Naturales, Sen. (title 
of work): to treat a subject in a@ 8s. 
manner, ex disciplinae rationibas (prae- 
ceptis) de aliqua re disserere, cf. Vitr. 
pref. extr. (Georges gives, quod in 
artibus versatur; but the expr. is ex- 
tremely vague and scarcely applicable.) 

scientifically : *ex disciplinae prae- 
ceptis [rationibusque]: v. preced. art. 

scimetar: 1, perh. acinacés, is, 
m. (Persian sword or sabre: rare): 
Hor. Od. 1, 27, 5 (Medus a.). 2, more 
exactly, falcatus ensis (sickle-shaped 
sword): Ov. Met. 1, 717. 

scintillate: scintillo, 1: v. TO 
SPARKLE. 

scintillation : scintilla, scintilltia: 
v. SPARK, (Scintillatio in Plin. 20, 9, 33, 
is a disease of the eyes, when sparks 
appear to issue from them.) 

sciolist; *scidlus, quem appellant, 
ef. Arn. 2, p. 86 (reading doubtful). 
Phr.: to be a mere s., nonnisi primis 
(primoribus) labris doctrinas gustavisse, 
attigisse, cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 2035 ali- 
cujus rei nonnisi imperfectam cogni- 
tionem habere: nihil omnino satis cog- 
nitum perspectumque habere. 

scion: J. Ayoung shoot: surciilus 
(young shoot or slip): v. SHOOT. ll. 

ig.: a descendant: 1. expr. by 
éditus, satus, ortus, etc. (with abi.): 
s. of ancestral kings, regibus atavis e, 
Hor 70d) 3pit ke progénies : 
ef. Hor. Od. 3, 29, I: V. OFFSPRING, 
DESCENDANT. 

scirocco: Vv. SIkocco. 

scissors : 1, forfices, um, /. (the 
pl. denoting the two cutting blades): such 
a beard as the barber cuts (mows) with 
the s., qualem barbam forficibus metit 
tonsor, Mart. 4, 94, 12. Dimin., forfi- 
culae, arum: Plin. 25, 5, 23. 9. 
axicia (a word best avoided): Pl. Curc 
4, 4, 22. 

scoff (v.): irrideo, dérideo; cavillor 
(jestingly): Vv. TO MOCK, DERIDE, RI- 
DICULE. 

scoff, subs. irrisio, irrisus, dé- 

scoffing, subs. { risus; cavillatio 
(of a jesting, bantering kind): v. 
MOCKERY, RIDICULE, DERISION. 

scoffer; irrisor, dérisor: v. MOCKER. 
(Or expr. by impery. part. of irrideo, 
etc.: V. TO MOCK.) 


scold (v.): 1, objurgo, 1: he sd 


M. Coelius as no father ever s.’d @ son, | 


objurgavit M. Coelium sicut neminem 
unquam parens, Cic. Coel. 11, 25: & s. 
gently, molli brachio obj., id, Att. 2, 1, 
6. 9. incrépo, ui, itum, £ (also reg. ; 
to exclaim loudly against : with ace.) : 
Pl. Most. 3, 2, 63: strengthened by ad- 
dition of maledictis, probris (to assai/ 
with abuses and reproaches), Sall. Cat. 
21: Liv. 8, saevio, désaevio, 4 (in- 
trans.: to rage and storm): V. TO RAGE. 

scold (subs.): perh. oblatratrix (very 
rare): to let as. into the house, obl. in 
aedes intromittere, Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 86. (Or 
expr. by circuml, mulier clamosa, cf. 
Juv. 14, 191: *mulier importuna atque 
objurgatrix, etc.) 

scolding (subs.): objurgatio. v. RR- 
PROOF, REBUKE. More freq. expr. by 
objurgare, increpare ; jurgio (jurgils, 


SCORNER 





probris), corripere, lacessere: all = @ 
administer a scolding: ¥. TO SCOLD, RE- 
BUKE, REPROACH. 
scolding (24j.): 14, objurgatdrius 
(of things, not persons): a s. letler, 
epistola o., Cic. Att. 13, 6, 3. 9, ob- 
jurgator, f. -trix (of persons): vy. scuLp 
(subs.). 3, clamodsus (given to baul- 
wig); Juv. 14, 191. 
scollop: v. SALLor. 
scolopendra; |, An insect: scd- 
lOpendra: Plin. 8, 29, 43 (* Scolopendra 
morsitans, Linn.). ||. A plant: scdlo- 
pendrion, ii, n.: Apul. Herb. 
scoop (subs.): possibly, 
trulla: v. LADLE. 
scoop (v.): i. e. to hollow out: cAvo, 
1: lo s. troughs out of the trunks of 
trees, lintres arbore c., Virg. G. 1, 262: 
Liv. Comp. excavo (to scoop out): to 8. 
out a hollow for itself with its beak, 
cavernam sibi rostro excavare, Plin. 9, 
21, 43: to s. out a persun’s eye, oculum 
alicui eruere: v. TO GOUGE. 
scope: |. #nd in view, aim: 
1. finis, is, m.: ali the arts have 
some jixed s., omnes artes babent finem 
aliquem propositum, Quint. 2, 19, 22: 
Vv. END. 2. propdsitum (what is de- 
Jinitely set before a writer or speaker as 
object): Macr. S. S. 1, 4, init. (nunc 
ipsam ejusdem somnii mentem, ipsum- 
que propositum, quem Graeci oxoroy 
vocant, tentemus aperire,—which pas- 
sage proves that scopus, freely used as 
it has been by Latinists, was in the 4th 
century unknown): v. oBJrcT. = [, 
Room, space, field for any thing; cam- 
pus, area, etc.: v. FIELD (LII.). 
scorbutic (adj.): *scorbiticus s. 
scrofiildsus : v. SCROFULOUS. 
scorch (v.): 1, Adio, ssi, stum, 3 
(to burn on the surface): places s.’d by 
the sun, loca sole adusta, Plin. 19, 1, 4: 
s.'d (“burnt”) bread, panis adustus, 
Hor. S. 2, 8,68. 2, ambiiro, ssi, stum, 
3 (to burn or singe all round): Verres 
s.’d by the fire which consumed his com- 
| panions (tig.), Verres sociorum ambustus 
incendio, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 27, 70. 3. 
torreo, ui, tostum, 2 (to roast; dry up 
terribly): they were s.’d by the flame on 
every side, untique flamma torrebafitur, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 43. Freq. of the action of 
the sun, etc.: Hor. Od. 3, 1, 31 (torrentia 
agros sidera); and fig. of love, id. 
scorched (part. and adj.): torridus 
(quite burnt up with the heat of the 
sun): plains s. by drought, campi tor- 
ridi siccitate, Liv. 22, 43, extr.: Lucr. 
scorching (svbs.): exustio: the s. of 
the sui, e. solis, Plin. 17, 24, § 223. 
scorching (adj.): torridus ; 8. sum- 
mer, t. aestas, Virg. E. 7, 48. 
score (subs.) : |. Mark oy a num- 
ber: néta: V.MARK. — ||, Zotal number 
made up: summa: v. SUM. 
Reckoning, bill: ratio: to cast up @ &. 
on one’s fingers, digitis r. computare, 
Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 51: Cic.; v. account (L). 
Phr.: to run up a heavy s. at a tavern, 
*apud cauponem satis Magno sere sé 
illigare; *satis muita debere (to have 
TUN Up &@ S.). IV. (Cost of an enter- 
tainment paid by contribution: x 
| symbdla, usu. pl.: Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 2 (de 
| symbolis edere): PL 2, sumptus 
V. EXPENSE, OUTLAY. YY, The number 
twenty: viginti, vicéni: v. TWENTY. 
A s. of times (fig.), centies, iterum atque 
iterum, saepenumero; V. OFTEN. Vi. 
Musical arrangement ; * cunctarum vo- 
| cum (s. partium) descriptio. 
| gecore (v.): j. 70 mark: ndto, dé- 
| ndto, 1 (to note dou n); ndtis describo, 3: 
Vv. TO MARK, NOTE. ||. 7 draw a line 
across or under: perb, tramsverso ca- 
| lamo notare (drawing the pen across) : 
ct. Hor. A. P 4473 *linea subtus ducta 
n tare {drawing a line beneath, under- 
SCOPUNG »- 
scoria (suos.): 1, scdria: Plin. 33, 
4, 21. 9, spddium, Plin, 34, 13, 33, 89. 
scorn: contemno, temno, sperno, 
aspernor, etc.; V. TO DESPISE. 
scorner : 1, contemptor ; f., 
-trix, Pl. (chiefly poet., not in Cic.): 
Mezentius s. of the gods, c. divum Me 
113 


ligila or 








SCORNFUL 


Virg. Aen. 7, 648: @ 5. of reli- 
guous rites, Ve ligionum ¢., Suet. Ner. 56. 

9, spreter (poet. and rare): @ S. of 
the gods, 8. deorum, Ov. M. 8, 613: Y- 
DESPISER. 


scornful : 


zentius, 


fastididsus: s. of Latin 
literature, f. literarum Latinarum, Cic. 
Brut. 70, 247: V- CONTEMPTUOUS, DIS- 
(Also contemptor, spreétor, 
may be used: Ss. temper, contemptor 


animus [et superbia], Sall. Jug: 64: cf. 
L. G. § 598-) 
scorntfully : 1, contemptim : 


spealcing boastfully of themselves, and 
s. of the Romar people, magnifice de se 
etc, de Romanis loquentes, Liv. 9, 41: 
Tac. (Not in Cic.) 9. fastidiose 
(over nicely and disdainfully) : to look 
on s., f. spectare, Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 258. 
3, nasute (turning wp the nose at 
anything): yo who s. pull to pieces my 
writings, tu qui n. scripta destringis 
mea, Phaedr. 4, 7, I+ 
scorpion: _ A venomous reptile : 
1, scorpio, dnis, m.: also scorpius, 
i, m.: a s.’s tail, scorpionis cauda, Plin. 
II, 37, 62:.@ s. will come out, scorpius 
exibit, Ov. M. 15, 37!- 9. népa, ae, f. 
(collat. form, nepas: an African word): 
you See $.8 USE their stings, nepas aculeis 
uti videas, Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42- I. Zn 
astronomy, one of the signs of the zodiac : 
1, scorpio or scorpius: Petr. 39 
(scorpiv) : Hor. Od. 2, 17, 17 (scorpius). 
9, népa or nepas: Cic. N. D. 2, 42; 
109 (poet.). IW]. A sea fish: scorpio, 
Plin. 32, 11, 53 (*cottus scorpio, Linn.). 
VY, A military engine for throwing 
darts, stones, etc. < scorpio : Gallus being 
wounded in the right side and deprived 
of life by a s., Gallus scorpione ab latere 
dextro transjectus exanimatusque con- 
cidit, Caes. B. G. 1, 25° Veg. Mil. 4, 22 
(whence it appears to have been a sort 
of ballista or cross-bow) : Liv. 
ass or wort: scorpio’ Plin 
(Spartium scorpius, Linn.) 
-—tail; scerpitrus: Apul. Herb. 
scot: money assessed for taxes: tri- 
bata, vectigalia: v. TAX. Phr.: to get 
off s.-free, *immunem abire, evadere, 
dimitti: v. IMPUNITY (with). 
scotch (v-): Phr.: the serpent is 
s’d, not killed, *collisus quidem, ut 
aiunt, serpens; non autem extinctus 
(interfectus). | 
, scottish : 
Scotchman : 
Claud. 
Scotland: Scotia: Isid. 
scoundrel : nébilo, furcifer, vété- 
rator (old rogue) etc.: V- RASCAL. 
scour (v.): |. Zo clean by rub- 
bing: tergeo s. tergo, tersi, 2 and 3: let 
one wash the silver, the other s. the em- 
bossed vessels, hic lavet argentum, vasa 
aspera tergeat alter, Juv. 14, 62: some 
s, their smooth shields, pars clipeos leves 
tergent, Virg. Aen. 7; 626. ll. Zo 
pass swiftly over: 1, pereurro, cu- 
curri, or curri, 3: to s. the Picenian 
territory, agrum Picenum Pp., Caes. B. C. 
I, 15. 9, corripio. ripui, reptum, 3 
(poet.): the chariots s.'d the plain, cam- 
pum currus corripuere, Virg. G. 3, 104. 
3, verro, 3: V. TO SWEEP. i 
vagor, pervagor, I (to roanv over): cf. 
Cic. Verr. 5, 37) fim. hic praedonum 
naviculae pervagatae sunt (piratical 
cruisers s.’d the seas). 
scourge (subs,): |. Lit.: ], fla- 
gellum (the severest instrument of the 
kind: cf. Hor. 8. 1, 3, 119, where it has 
the epithet horribile, as opp. to scutica, 
a common whip): this merciful one 
revived the use of the S. hic misericors 
flagella retulit, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 12: 
to be beaten to death with s.s, ad mortem 
flageilis caedi, Hor. S.1, 2,41. (N.B— 
Strictly dimin. of flagrum ; which word 
however appears to have gone partly 
out of use. The latter occurs Liv. 28, 
11, caesa flagro Vestalis est, a Vestal 
underwent the punishment of the Ss. ; 
and Suet. Oth. 2.) 2, lora, orum, 7. pl. 
(appy- identical with the flagellum ; con- 
sisting of leather straps): to flog any- 
one with a s., loris aliquem caedere, Cic. 
134 


———— | 


21, 15, 54- 


*scoticus: Claud. 
Scotus (usu. pl.) : 














“it is feeding, 





SCRAP SCREW 


6 See 

scrape (subs.) : perplexity, difficulty. 
angustiae, arum: to get into a very great 
s, in summas a. adduci, Cic. Quint. 5, 
19. Also expr. by haerere, in salebra 
esse, etc.: V. TO GRAVEL. 

scrape (v-): 1. scibo, scabi, 3: 
vy. TO SCRATCH. 9. rado, rasi, rasum, 
3 (to polish with a tool): to s. the beams, 
tigna radere, Luer. 5, 1266. Comp. cor- 
rado, 3 (to s. together) : he will s. together 
ten minae from somewhere, minas decem 
corradet alicunde, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 34: V. 
TO RUB, GRATE. Phr.: 0 bow a 
s., *nimis humili adulatorioque corporis 


Phil. 8, 8, 24: Ter. 3, sciitica (less | 
severe): cf. supr. 1. Phr.: he orders 
the youth to be stripped, and the s. to be 
applied, adolescentem nudari jubet ver- 
beraque afferri, Liv. 8, 28: the Porcian 
law forbids the s. to be applied to the 
person of a Roman citizen, Porcia lex 
virgas ab omnium civium Romanorum 
corpore amovit, Cic. Rab. perd. 4, 12- 

Il. Fig-: @ dreadful visitation : 

1, pestis, is, f.: that fury and s. 
of his country, illa furia ac p. patriae, 
Cic. Sest. 14, 33- 9. clades, is, /- 
(poet.): the s. of Libya, ¢. Libyae, Virg. 















Aen. 6, 844. 3, fiiria; poet. érinnys: gestu uti: v. TO BOW. 
v. FURY. scraper: used in baths : strigil, is, 
scourge (¥-): J, verbéro, 1: fo s. f.5 or strigilis, is, f.: by the energetic 


use of the s., vehementi strigilis usu, 
Suet. Aug. 80: Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 30 (nom. 
strigilis): Juv. I]. 4 scraping tron: 

J, rallum (an instrument for scraping 
off the earth from the ploughshare): to 
clean the ploughshare with a s., vomerem 
rallo purgare, Plin. 18, 19, 49. a 
radula (for scraping pitch off barrels, 
etc.); cf. Col. 12, 18, 5. 

scraping: |. Zhe act of s.: ra 
stra: Col. 4, 29, ad med. li. That 
which is taken off by Ss.:  Ya- 
mentum : to preserve grapes im jir- tree 
s.s (or sawdust), uvas ramentis abietis 
servare, Plin. 15, 17, 18, fin. Q, strig- 
mentum. cf. Plin. 20, 3, 8, 17- 

scratch (subs.): @ mark 
nail or other sharp instrument : 
exact equivalent; perh. lévis cicatrix is 


a Roman citizen, civem Romanum V., 
Cic. Rep. 2, 31, fin. 9. expr. by ver- 
béra, virgae (esp. in phr. virgis caedere) : 
v. To FLOG. (Vapulare is rather to be 
beaten, as a lighter punisbment than to 
be scourged: v. TO BEAT, A. 6.) 

scourging (subs.): expr. by ver- 
béra, um, n. pl. (lashes) : to torture with 
chains and s, and every kind of punish- 
ment, vinculis ac verberibus atque omni 
supplicio excruciare, Gic. Man. 5, 11: J 
am not afraid of as., verbera non vereor, 
Hor. S51, 3; 221- Fig.: the ss of 
the tongue, verbera linguae, Hor. Od. 3, 
12, 3: V. FLOGGING. 

scout (subs.): 1, explorator (gen. 
term to denote a spy or a reconnoiterer : 
whereas speculator denotes simply one 
sent out to ascertain the position of the 


foe): to ascertain anything by $8, de | the nearest. 
aliqua re per exploratores certiorem scratch (v-): |, Zo rub or tear a 
fieri, Caes. B. G. 1, 12: (0 send forward surface; 1, rado, si, sum, 3: Vv. TO 


SCRAPE. Q. scalpo, psi, ptum, 3: to 
s. up the earth with the nails, terram 
unguibus scalpere, Hor. S. 1, 8, 26. 

|], To wound slightly: séco, cui, 
ctum, 1: lest I should be s’d with a 
sharp nail, acuto ne secer ungui, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 19, 47: lest thorns s. your legs, ne 
crura secent sentes, Ov. M. 1, 509- Ill. 
To rub with the nails: 1, rado, 3: let 
not women s. their cheeks, mulieres 
genas ne radunto, Xii. Tab. in Cic. Leg. 
2. 23, fin. 9, scabo, scabi, 3: to & 
the head, caput s., Hor. S.1,, 10; "JE: 
scalpo, psi, ptum, 3: to s. the head 


ss (a reconnoitering party), explora- 
tores praemittere, Curt. 9, spéculator 
(for syn. VY. supr.): the Ss. observes the 
royal army from @ v atch-tower, 8. con- 
templatur regium agmen e specula qua- 
dam, Liv. 31, 24, init.: Caes. s 
praecursor (like antecursor, denoting 
strictly a kind of military pioneer : 
used also fig. for a secret agent): 
Join: praecursor et emissarius, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 41, fin. 
scout (v): | 
spécilor, t: v. TO SPY. 
wilh disdain : répidio, 1: 



































To act as @ §.: 
Il. Lo reject 


le 
v. TO REJECT, with 


SCORN. one finger, caput uno digito s., Juv. 9, 

scowl (v-): Pht: frontem con- | 133. , To s. out, to erase: érado, 

trahére, Cic. Clu. 26, ad fin.: v. TO) 3: he sd out (the name of) Merula 

FROWN. from the list of senators, Merulam sen- 
scowl (subs.) : frontis contractio: v. | atoris albo erasit, Tac. A. 4, 42- See 

FROWN. Still more precisely, aspectus | also, TO ERASE. 

terribilis, trictilentus: cf. Cic. Sext. 8, scrawl (v-): v. TO SCRIBBLE. 

19- scrawl] (subs.): Vv. SCRIBBLE. 
scowling (a4j-): triiculentus, trax: scream (subs.): vagitus, iis, m. (of 


with s. eyes, oculis truculentis, Pl. As. 2, 
3, 21: cf. Tac. H. 4, 22, med. (quo tru- 
culentior visu foret): @ S. face and 
threatening eyes, facies trux oculique 
minaces, Lucan 7, 291: @ S. counten- 


an infant): vocifératio: ilulatus, us, 
m. (howling) : V- CRY, SHRIEK. 

scream (%.) : iilulo, 1: (howl): v. TO 
ORY OUT, SCREECH, SHRIEK. 


screech (¥-.): iiliilo, 1: the nymphs 


ance, vultus trux, Hor. Epod. 5, 4. sd from the highest peak, summoque 
scraggy: ], strigosus (all skin ulularunt vertice nymphae, Virg. Aen. 


4, 168. 

— -owl : 1, tilila: the s.-ouls 
strive with the swans, certant cycnis 
ululae, Virg. Ee. 8, 55: cf. Plin 10, 12, 
16. 9, strix, strigis, f-: Plin. 11, 39: 
g5 (stryx flammea, Linn.): v. OWL. 

screen (suzbs.): 1, suffigium, ii, 
n. (any shelter, constr. with gen.) : there 
was no s. either from the rain or the 
sun, s. nullum aut imbris aut solis, Plin. 
Ep. 9, 39: 2- 9, umbella (@ sun- 
shade, parasol): V. PARASOL. . 
umbracula, Orum, ”.: @ golden s. kept 
off the hot sun, aurea pellebant tepidos 
u. soles, Ov. F. 2, 311. See also AWN- 
ING. 4, velamentum : seeking @ &. 
for their lusts, quaerentes libidinibus 
suis v., Sen. vit. beat. 12. fin. 

screen (¥.): tégo, xi, ctum, 3: the 
harbour was s.’a@ from the wind, portus 
ab vento tegebatur, Caes. B. C. 3, 26: to 
s. and protect any one, aliquem tegere 
ac tueri, Cic. Fam. 13, 66, fin. 

screw (subs.): cochlea: to be worked 

s.s, (of a wine-press), cochleis tor- 
queri, Vitr. 6, 6(g), 3: id. 5, 12.5 (where 
the cochleae form part of @ machine for 
drawing water): @ &. nail or bobt, 
*clavus cochleatus. 


and bone): & 8. dog, canis s. (opp. to 
obesus), Col. 7, 12, 8: S- horses, equi S., 
Liv. 27, 47, init.: @ very S- she-goat, 
capella corporis strigosissimi, Col. 7, 6, 
extr. 9, miicer, cra, crum (lean): @ 
black, s., and crook-backed man, homo 
niger et m. et pandus, Quint. 6, 3, 58- 
3, exilis: V. LEAN, THIN. 

scramble (-): |. Zo attempt to 
seize hastily: diripio, ui, reptum, 3: 
he threw the dice into the midst, which 
the boys began to scramble for, talos jecit 
in medium, quos pueri d. coeperant, 
Quint. 6, 1, 47: f 5. for apples and 
sweetmeats, poma et opsonia d., Suet. 
Aug. 98, med. I]. To climb up any- 
thing by seizing objects with the hands : 
scando, di, sum, 3: V. TO CLIMB. 

scramble (subs.): eXPpT. by verb: 
v. preced. art. 

sc : frustum (anything broken 
off : used of food): a scrap must needs 
fall from the mouth of a chicken when 
necesse est f. cadere ex 
pulli ore quum pascitur, Cic. Div. 1, 
15, 27- Comically : as.of abou, frustum 
pueri, Pl. Pers. 5, 2, 67. Dimin. frusti- 
lum (rare and very late): @ S. of bread, 
panis f., App.: Y- FRAGMENT. 











sCREW 





screw (v.): Phr.: cochleis tor- | et diligens, Cic. Verr. 5, 19, 49: V. UP- 


quere (v. preced. art.): or if the sense 
is to fasten with s.s, *clavis cochleatis 
figere. 
scribble (v.): Pbr.: aliquid illinere 
chartis (lit., to daub anything on paper), 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 36. What a (careless) s., 
has literas gallina scripsit, Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 27. 
scribe (subs.) : 1, scriba, ae, m. 
(first a public clerk or writer, afterwards 
a secretary): the order (of the scribes) 
ts honourable, for to the good faith of 
these men ave entrusted the public laws, 
and the sentences of the magistrales, 
‘scribarum) ordo est honestus, quod 
eorum hominuin fidei tabellae publicae, 
periculaque magistratuum committun- 
tur, Cic. Verr. 3, 79, 183: if M. Tullius, 
my s., were present, si M. Tullius, s. meus, 
adesset, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2 (v. Smith’s 
Dict. Ant. 1012). 2, actiiarius (a kind 
of short-hand writer who took notes of 
the speeches delivered in court): Suet. 
Caes. §5: V. SHORT-HAND-WRITER. 3. 
amanuensis, m., also, a Maun, sc. servus 
(neither found in Cicero: a private secve- 
tary): Suet.; v.secreTary. 4, libra- 
rius (a@ transcriber of books, a@ copyist): 
a blunder of the s., \ibrarii mendum, 
Liv. 38, 55. 
scrip (subs.): a small bag: ale 
sacciilus (a small bag, esp. for money) : 
cf. Plin. 2, 51, 52: Juv. 11, 27: v. BAG. 
2. criiména, marsipium: v. PURSE. 
Scripture: Scriptira: usu. sancta 
scriptura (S.S.), Serr. Eccl. 
scrivener: |. A money lender: 
1, fenérator: v. usurER. Q, ni- 
milarius (money broker): for in the 
case of a s. he cut off his hands, nam 
numulario manus amputavit, Suet. Galb. 
9g. Dimin., ndmilaridlus (term of con- 
tempt): Sen. Apocol.med. |, Notary: 
scriba: v. NOTARY. 
scrofula: strima: Cels. 5, 28, 7: 
scrofulous: strimdsus: Col. = 10, 
3: Juv. Io, 309. 
scroll: volimen, inis, n. (anything 
that is rolled or wound up): as. full of 
the most unfair complaints, v. plenum 
querelae iniquissimae, Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 
2: to unroll s.s (read them), volumina 
evolvere, Quint. 2, 15, 24. 
scrub (v.): tergeo or tergo, si, sum, 
2 or 3: V. TO SCOUR, RUB. 
serupile (subs.): |. Doubt, diffi- 
culty, hesicalion, arising from the ques- 
tionable propricty of an act : 1, re- 
ligio (s. of conscience): to raise a s. in 
any one’s mind, injicere r. alicui, Cic. 
Caec. 33, 97: 80, oblata religio Cornuto 
est, @ s. was raised in his mind, id. 
Fam. 10, 12, med.: and, afferre r., id. 
de Or. 2, 90, fin.: Ihave no s. about it, 
nulla mihi r. est, Hor. S. 1, 9, Jo: r. mibi 
non est quominus ..., Cic. Cat. 3, 6, 15. 
9. scripulus (uneasiness of mind, 
difficulty, embarrassment) ; without s., 
sine s., Col. 5, 11 (not so inCic.). Join: 
Scrupulus et quaedam dubitatio (an 
uneasy, perplexed feeling), Cic. Clu. 28, 
76. 8, dibitatio, cunctatio: v. poust, 
HESITATION. _— fj, A weight or measure: 
scrupiilus (usu. in neuter, scrupulum or 
scripulum): if a s. of gold is put in 
there, si ibi auri s. imponatur, Vitr. 7, 
8, med.: eight s.s, scripula octo, Col. 12, 
28,1. Of as.: weighing a s., scripu- 
laris, Plin. 33, 8, 43 (scripulari differentia). 
By scruples (in weight), scripilatim 
(scripul.), Plin. 22, 24, 56, med. 
scruple (v.): diibito, cunctor, ete. ; 
V. TO DOUBT, HESITATE. More precisely 
expr. by religio mihi est: v. preced. 
art. (I.). 
scrupulous (adj.): 1, religidsus (im- 
plying extreme conscientiousness): the s. 
stute ordered the consul to vow games 
and a present to Jupiter, civitas r. ludos 
Jovi donumque vovere consulem jussit, 
Liv. 31,9, ad fin.: throughout those days 
also s. husbandmen abstain from agri- 
cultural labours, per bos quoque dies 
abstinent terrenis operibus agricolae r., 
Col. 11,2, fin. 2, sanctus (unimpeach- 
able, highly upright und conscientious). 
Join: in publicis religionibus sanctus 


SCULPTUKE 


| RIGHT, 8, diligens. anxius; sollicitus: 
Vv. ANXIOUS, CAREFUL. (N.B.—Scrupu- 
losus in this sense late, and best avoided.) 
scrupulously: 1, very conscien- 
tiously: religid-é: to give testimony 8., 
dicere testimonium r., Cic. Coel. 22, fin. 
Or expr. by modal abl. summa reli- 
gione adhibita, or summa usus religione. 
2. carefully: accivat?: diligenter: 
Vv. CAREFULLY. 
scrupulousness (subs. 1, re- 
ligio: on account of the faith and s. of 
the judge, propter fidem et religionem 
judicis, Cic. R. Com. 15, jfin.: s. in 
giving advice, r. in consilio dando, Cic. 
Fam. 11, 29, mud.: cf. Cic. Or. 8, 25 
(eorum religioni cum serviret orator). 
Q. diligentia: a writer of extreme s. 
(in matters of style), scriptor diligentiae 
nimiae, Quint. 3, Ir, 22. 
scrutinize: scriitor, perscriitor, ex- 
cttio, etc. : Vv. TO SEARCH, EXAMINE. 
scrutiny: scriitatio, perscritatio, 
inquisitio, etc.: V. EXAMINATION, INVES- 
TIGATION. 
scud (v.): Phr.: to s. along: no 
exact equivalent: perh. raptim s. cele- 
riter ferri, cf. Virg. G. 1, 397: the cha- 
riots s. along the plain, praecipiti certa- 
mine campum corripuere currus, ib. 3, 
104. See also TO HURRY, HASTEN. 
scuffle (subs.): 1, rixa: (brawl, 
quarrel ; esp. when attended with blows) . 
Vv. FRAY. 2, turba (tumult, uproar, 
“yow”): Rubrius himself is wounded 
in the s., ipse Rubrius in turba sauciatur, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, 67. 
scuffle (v.): rixor, I: v. TO QUARREL. 
scull (subs.): |. Of the head: 
1, calvaria (“os capitis cerebrum 
tegens,” Forcell.): Cels. 8, 1: the s. of a 
mad dog, canis rabiosi ¢., Plin. 30, 6, 18. 
2. Os capitis (the s. considered as 
a bone: cf. supr. 1): to drink out of s.s, 
* ex ossibus humanorum capitum bibere. 
Il. Kind of oar: palma, palmiula - 
V. PADDLE, OAR. 
scullery Soret) 
scullion (subs. 
(usu. enumerated 
lowers: v. SUTLER). 
sculptor (swbs.): 1, sculptors. scalp- 
tor (either a sculptor or an engraver): 
Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 4: Plin. 29, 6, 38: v._ EN- 
GRAVER. 2. expr. by circuml.: qui 
marmor scalpit, cf. Plin. 36, 4, 5 (mar- 
more scalpendo primi omnium inclarue- 
runt, they were the first who attained 
celebrity as sculptors in marble). 
sculpture (subs.): |. The art of 
carving : 1, sculptiira s. scalptira: 
(carving in stone, wood, etc.): s. embraces 
wood, ivory, marble, glass, precious 
stones, sculptura lignum, ebur, marmor, 
vitrum, gemmas complectitur, Quint. 2, 
21,9: ef. Piin. 16, 40, 77 : V. ENGRAVING. 
2. expr. by verb: the art of s was 
invented by ...., *ars [marmoris, etc.] 
sculpendi ab... . reperta est: the Atie- 
nians excelled in marble s., *praecipuam 
Athenienses marmoris sculpendi laudem 
habuerunt: v. TO SCULPTURE. 8, sti- 
tuaria (more precisely, statuary, as an 
art: rare): Plin. 35, 12, 45. |]. A work 
executed by a sculptor: expr. by Opus, 
marmor, esp. in connexion with verb 
sculpo: a rich s. of foreign marble, 
externo marmore dives opus, Ov. A. A. 
1, 70: he was famed for a s. represent- 
ing the Venus of Gnidus, marmore nobi- 
litatus est, Gnidiaque Venere, Plin. 7, 38, 
39: Athens ts famed for its marble s.s, 
*jinclaruerunt Athenae operibus mar- 
more sculptis: his s.s at Rome are...., 
Romae ejus opera sunt...., Plip. 36, 45, 
§§ 5 and 6 (where the context defines). 
Also signum marmoreum: Plin. 36, 5, 5 
(sunt in Cnido et alia sigua marmorea 
illustrium artificum). 
sculpture (v.): sculpo, scalpo, psi, 
ptum, 3 (including both sculpture and 
engraving : for the supposed difference 
between the two forms of the word, v. 
Dict. Antiq. s. v. Scalptura): s.d of stone 
or hewn out of oak, e saxo sculptus aut e 
robore dulatus, Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100: Ov. M. 
10, 248 (niveum mira arte sculpsit ebur). 


: *lixarum officina. 
: perh. *lixa, ae, m. 
among camp-fol- 


SEA 





(N.B.—Caelare is to carve, chase, or em- 
boss in metal : Vv. TO CHASE.) 
scum (subs.): 1, spima (gen. 
tern): Vv. FOAM.  Q, scOria (of metals) 
it is called s. (or dross), scoria ap- 
pellatur, Plin. 33, 4, 21: ef. id 34, 11, 
24. Phr.: the s. of the state, sentina 
(lit., bilge-water) reipublicae, Cic. Cat. 
11, 5, 12: cf, id. Att. 1, 19. See also 
| REFUSE (fig.). 
seurf (subs.): 1. furfur, iris, m. 
(a disease oF tie skin of the head common 
| «ith children): oft. pl.: Plin. 26, 1, 2- 
also. 20, 9, 39. 2. porrigo, inis, f. 
\4 cutaneous disease of the head; dan- 
rtf): Cels. 6, 2: Hor. S. 2, 3, 126 
capt porrigine foedum), 
scurfy (adj.): porrigindsus: a s. 
head, caput p.: Piin. Val. (Forcell.); 
cf. preced, art. 
scurrility (subs.): ], scurrilitas 
Quint. II, 1, 30 (uffectata scurrilitas): 
offensive s., foeda [et insulsa] s.,'l’ac. Or. 
22,extr. Q, expr. by scurrilis,e: thare 
vas a s. about his wit, *facetiae ejus 
scurrile nonnihil habebant; infamous 
Jor his s., *scurrili loquendi genere in- 
famis: V. SUURRILOUS. 38. malédi- 
centia (abusiveness): Gell 3, 3, fin. 
(assidua m. et probra in principes cl- 
Vitatis): V. ABUSE, REVILING. 
scurrile scurrilis, e (fit only 
ps HO Jor a low buffoon): 
as. jest, s. jocus, Cic, de Or. 2, §9, 239: 
Suet. Vesp. 22, init. (dicacitas plurima, 
et sic s. ac sordida ut ne pretextatis 
quidem verbis abstineret). 
scurrilously: scurriliter: Plin. 4, 
25, 3. 
scurvy ; *scorbutus: Med. T. 
scutcheon (subs.): perh. *sciitum; 
insigne (insignia): v. coaT (of arms). 
scuttle (subs.): perh. *corbis car- 
bonaria. 
scuttle (v.): i.e. to bore a hol 
through the bottom of a ship, and so 
sink it, *navis fundum perforare, per- 
tundere ac deprimere. 
scythe; falx fénaria: Cato, R. R. 
11, med.: or simply falx, where the 
context defines, Varr. R. R. 1, 49 
(herbam falcibus subsecare). 
sea (subs.): 1, mare: (most gen. 
term; sea as opp. to land): on s. and 
land, terra marique, Sall. Cat. 13, et 
pass.: the s.is a destruction to sailors 
exitium est mare nautis, Hor. Od. 1, 28 
18 : the ship-bearing s., mare navigerum, 
Lucr. 1, 3. Also used for a particular 
s.: the upper (Ionian) s., superum m.. 
Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69: our (Mediter- 
ranean) s., nostrum m., Caes. B.G. 5, 1 
the Tuscan s., mare Tyrrhenum, Hor 
Od. 1, 11, 5: the Atlantic s., mure At- 
lanticum, Mela, 3, I. 2. aequor, 
oris, m. (prop. a level surface: hence 
the expanse of the s.: poet.). we run 
over the s. in our ship, trabe currimus 
ae., Virg. Ae 3,191: the too boisterous 
s., imperiosius ae., Hor, Od. 1, 14, 8: v 
oft. p.: he calms the swollen s., vumida 
aequora placat, Virg. Aen. 1. 143. Also 
for a particular s., ib. 67 (Tyrrhenum 
aequor). 8. pélagus, i, m. (the open 
| s.: chiefly poet.): spread your sails to 
| the open s., p. da vela patenti, Virg. 
Georg. 2,41: when the s. vas tn a storm, 
saeviente pelago, Tac. Ann. 15, 46: they 
began to push for the (open) s., pelagus 
petere coeperunt, Auct. B. Hisp. 4o. 
4. pontus (the deep s.; the ocean 
chiefly poet.): a long tract of s., longus 
p., Hor. Od. 3, 3, 38: the waters of the s., 
aequora pontt, Virg. Georg. 1, 469 
Specially, the Euxine s., tumens P., Ov. 
Met. 15, 756: here the vast Huxine s, 
opens ilself, sese ingens P. aperit, Mel. 
I, 19. 5, dc®inus: Vv. OCEAN. Other 
more exceptional or ornamental phrr. 
are (1) silum (the salt s.): the &. over- 
powering us, superante salo, Virg. Aen 
1, 537: he kept his ship at anchor in the 
| (open) s., procul ab insula in salo navem 
tenuit in ancoris, Nep. Them. 8: also, 
sal, silis, m.: the face of the calm s., 
salis placidi vultus, Virg. Aen. §, 848: 
on the Tuscan s., sale Tyrrheno, ib. 6, 
| 697. (2) frétam (prop. @ narrow &. or 
V5 





SEA 


SEAL 


SEARCH 





strait: v. STRAIT): the wave of the Li- 
byan s., Libyci unda freti, Ov. Fast. 3, 
568: esp. pl., while rivers shall run into 
s.s, in freta dum fluvii current, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 607: (3) vada, orum, pil. 
(strictly, shallows = aequora : also used 
poet.): ships overleap the bounds of the 
s., rates transiliunt v., Hor. Od. 1, 3, 24: 
(4) marmor, oris, %. (prop. a@ smooth, 
marble-like surface): the oars struggle 
in the sluggish s., in lento luctantur m. 
tensae, Virg. Aen. 7,28: as many waves 
as roll in the Libyan s., quam multi 
Libyco volvuntur marmore fluctus, ib. 
4,8: (5) altum (the deep: mare being 
understood ; in oblique cases only: both 
poet. and prose): to project into the s., 
eminere in altum, Liv. 44, 11: (ships) 
carried ous to s., in altum provectae, 
Caes. B.G. 4, 28 : (6) Neptiinus (meton. : 
poet.): tf Hurus have sunk them in the 
s., si praeceps Neptuno immerserit Eurus, 
Virg. Georg. 4, 29: (7) names of special 
portions of the s.: s. of Azof, Palus 
Maedtis, Plin. H. N. 2, 67,67: Red s., 
Sinus Arabicus, ib. Phr.: to put tos.: 
(1) solvo, vi, itum, 3; with or without 
navem or ancoram expressed: Caes. 
B. G. 4, 36 (solvere naves): they em- 
barked and put to s., naves conscend- 
erunt et e terra solverunt, id. B. C. 3, 
ior: Cic.: after having put tos., ancora 
soluta, Cic. Att. 1, 13, mit. So, funem 
solvere, Virg. Aen. 5, 773: cf. phaselum 
solvere, Hor, Od. 3, 2, 29: (2) provéhor, 
ctus, 3 (to push out): the ships having 
put to s. later, serius a terra provectae 
naves, Caes. B.C. 3, 8: (3) conscendo, 3: 
Vv. TO EMBARK. 
TIT have written this while at s., haec 
scripsi navigans, Cic. Att. 16, 7, extr.: 
so, in alto navigare, id. Inv. 2, 51, 153: 
to be at s.,in fig. sense, i.e. in dowbt: 
fluctuo, 1: Sen. Ep. 52: to be quite at s., 
in summo versari errore, Cic. N. D. 1, 1, 
2: Lam not one whose mind is at s.,non 
sumus ii quorum animus vagetur errore, 
id. Off. 2, 2,7: a s. of troubles: fluctus 
(pl.), Nep. Att. 6: Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 3: 
an the s. of business, rerum fluctibus in 
mediis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 85 : salum aerum- 
nosum, Cic. Tusc. 3, 28, 67: tumultu- 
osum mare, Hor. Od. 2, 1, 16: half-s.s 
over : témulentus, Cic. Sest. 9, 20: 
tidus, Mart. 5, 85, 5: ex vino vacillans, 
Cic. in Quint. 8, 3, 66. 

sea (adj.): 1, marinus (of or 
relating to the seaas a natural element) : 
s.-coots, m. fulicae, Virg.G. 1, 362: as.- 
nymph, m. nympha, Cat. Epith. Pel. 16. 

9, miaritimus, or maritumus (with 

ref. to naval affairs): s.-voyages, mari- 
timi cursus, Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 131: s.- 
coast, ora maritima, Caes. B. C. 3,5: v. 
MARITIME. 8, aequdreus (= marinus: 
poet.): Anzur, brilliant with s.-waters, 
aequoreis aquis splendidus, Mart. 1c, 51, 
8: the vace of s.-creatures, genus ae- 
quoreum, Virg. Georg. 3, 243. 
-bear: *ursus  maritimus, 
Linn.: u. marinus, Pall. 

—— -beaten; fluctifragus: Lucr. 
1, 306 Cf. litus). 

—— -board: v. SEA-coast, below. 

—-born: marinus, Hor. Od. 1, 8, 
13: or by circumL., orta mari (Venus). 


— -breeze: maritimus afflatus, 
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32. 
—-calf: 1, phoca: Virg. G. 4, 


432: Vv. SEAL. 2, vitilus marinus: 
Plin. 32, 11, 53. 

—— -captain : navarchus, Cic. Verr. 
3, 80, 186. 

—— -carp: mérila: Ov. Hal. rr4. 

—— -coast: 1, Ora maritima : 
Caes, B. C. 3, 5. 9. littus (litus), 
Oris, n.: s.-c. of Egypt, |. Aegyptiacum, 
Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 142. 

am -coot: filica: Virg. Georg. 1, 
30}. 

—— -crab: cancer littoreus, Ov. 
Met. ro, 124: cancer marinus, Plin. 
H. N. 32, 10, 40. 

—— -crow or cormorant: corvus: 
Plin. 32, 11, 53. 

—— -ear (shell). * halidtis, Linn. 

—-elephant: eclephantus (ma- 
Trinus) : Die 32, II, 53, § 144. 

"1 


| marinus: Plin. 9, 51, 76. 


To be at s., navigo, 1: | 





sea-eagle: haliactos: Ov. Met. 8, 
146: Plin. H. N. ro, 3, 3. 

—— -ee]: conger, gri: Ov. Hal. 115: 
Plin. H. N. 9, 62, 88. 

— -faring: miaritimns: s.-f.ing 
men, maritimos homines, Cic. Verr. 5, 
26, 65: Vv. SAILOR. 

— -fight; navalis pugna, Cic. Sen. 
5,13: @ mock s.-fight, naumachia, Suet. 
Cl. 21. 

—  -foam: spuma: v. FOAM. 

-g1rt: 1, mari clausus (in- 
clusus): Virg. Aen. 10, 377. 2. cir- 
cumfluus (poet.): a land s.-girt by the 
Adriatic, Hadriaco tellus circumfiua 
ponto, Lucan 4, 407. 

-green: thalassinus (very rare) : 
@ s.-green robe, thalassina vestis, Lucr. 
AUNT Ks 








— -gull: 1, larus, Linn. Q,° 
gavia: Plin. to, 32, 48. 

—-hare;: lépus marinus: Plin. 
32, 9, 36. 

— -hedgehog: Vv. SEA-URCHIN. 

—-horse: hippocampus: Plin. 
32, 5,277: 

—-kale; *crambé maritima : 
Linn. 

——-mew: mergus: Virg. Georg. 
I, 361. 


-monster : cétus, i, m.; neut. 
pl. ceté: Virg.: Plin. 
-mouse or rat: 








1, mus 
2, aphro- 
dita aculeata, Linn. 

-mussel; mytilus, Hor. S. 2, 4, 
28: Mart. 3, 60, 4: mitulus, Plin. H. N. 
9, 51, 714, § 160. ; 
-needle: s.-pike, or gar-fish: 
iicus, or béldne, Plin. g, 51, 76. 
-nettle: 1, urtica marina, 
Plin. 32, 9, 32. 9, acaléphé: Cuv. 

- -port; *oppidum portum mari- 
timum habens. 

—--robber: VY. PIRATE. 

—— -scorpion: marinus scorpio, 
Plin. H. N. 32, 9, 32. *Cottus scorpius, 
Bloch. 

—— -sick, to be; nauseo, 1: Hor. 











| Ep. 1, 1, 93. 





-sick: nauseabundus: Sen. Ep. 





108, 35. 
-sickness: mausea: Cic. Att. 
| 5, 13 
| — ~-gserpent: draco marinus: Plin. 
—-snail: 1. liparis: Plin. 32,11, 
53. 2, umbilicus: Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22. 





-snipe or bellows-fish: *cen- 
triscus scolopax, Linn. 
-urchin ; échinus: Hor.: Plin. 

—— -voyage: V. VOYAGE. 

—  -water: 4qua mirina, Plin. 32, 
8520. 

—— -weed: 1, alga, Plin. 32, 6, 
22: ib. 11, 54: useless s.-weed, alga inu- 
tilis, Hor. Od. 3, 17, 9. 9, fucus mi- 
rinus: Plin. 26, 10, 66. 8, phycus: 
from guxKos, id. 13, 25, 48: abounding 
in s.-weed, algosus, Plin. 32, 9,31. Bred 
in s.-weed, algensis, ib. 9, 37, 61. 

— -worthy: ad navigandum uti- 
lis: cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 29. Also, (navis) 
qua commode navigari possit, ib. c. 31, 
extr. 

seal (subs.): ]. Of a letter, ete.: 

1, signum (the image or device upon 
a signet ; also, the tnpression in waz) : 
to put s.s to documents, tabellis s. im- 
primere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 38: to keep wnder 
s., sub s. habere, Cic. Att.9,10: (a lette)) 
with the s.s unbroken, integris s., id. Cat. 
3, 3, nit. Dimin. sigillum (very rare 
in this sense): Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 3. a 
céra (the wax impression only): Cic. 
Fl. 16, 37: Ov. Hence, cerarium, a fee 
Jor putting a s.to a document, Cic. Verr. 
3, 78, intt. (From this place and that 
in the speech pro Flacco, cera would 
appear to be strictly the proper word 
for the tmpression, rather than signum.) 
Phr.: to put one’s s. to a document, 
tabellas obsignare, Cic. Quint. 21, 67 (v. 
TO SEAL): to break open the s. of a 
letter, litteras resignare, Pl. Trin. 3, 3, 
66: Cie. |]. Zhe animal: phoca; 
also, phocé, és: Virg. G. 4,432. (*Phoca 
vitulina, the common s.: Cycl.) 

seal (v.): j, To put as. to a letter 











or document : 1, signo, 1: Cic. Att, 
11, I (accepi a te libellum signatum): 
Hor.: Ov. Comps.: (1) obsigno, 1 (to 
s. up; s. with legal formality; esp. in 
the case of depositions, etc. in court): 
when I had already s.’d up my letter 
obsignata jam epistola, Cic. Att. 8,6: cf. 
id. Clu. 14, 41 (testamentum in alias 
tabulas transscriptum, signis adulterinis 
obsignavit, he s.’d it up with forged ss) 
for the technical legal use, cf. id. Quint. 
21, 67, ejus rei conditionisque tabellas 
obsignaverunt viri boni somplures. (2.) 
consigno, 1 (of a number of persons put- 
ting their s.s to a document together) : 
Cic. Quint. 6, 25 (tabulae maximis signis 
lominum nobilium consignantur) (3.) 
assigno, I (rare): Pers. 5, 81. Bs 
expr. by signum (signa) imprimere: 
Hor. S. 2, 6, 38. |]. Zo certify as by 
as.: Phr.: that circumstance s.d the 
Fate of the city, * haec res quasi exscidio 
urbem addixisse videbatur; he s.’d his 
confession by his death, * confessionem 
suam morte tanquam obsignatam tulit. 
II]. Zo s. up: (a.) Lit. obsigno, 1: 

v. supr. (L.). (6.) Fig., to close: com- 
primo, dpério, etc.: v. TO SHUT, CLOSE, 
“In time of service s. wp both thine 
eyes,’ *rem divinam facieus, oculos tu 
bene compressos [et quasi obsignatos]} 
habeto. 

scaler ; obsignator (litterarum) : 
Cic. Clu. 66, 186. (Or expr. by rel. 
clause, qui obsignavit, etc.) 

sealed (part. adj.): obsignatus: Cic. 
Tukene TNs se 

sealing-wax: céra (any kind of 
wax): cf. SEAL (I., 2). More precisely, 
cera tabellis obsignandis. 

seam: 1. satira: Liv. 38, 29, 
med. Also as neut. pl., suta, orum: 
Virg. Aen. Io, 313: made with s.s, 
sutilis: e.g. sutilis cymba, Virg. Aen. 
6, 414. 2. of planks, or timbers, 
commissira: Plin. 16, 36, 64 (commis- 
surae uavium). 

seaman: nauta: v. saitor. Phr.; 
a good s., homo navigandi peritus ; sci- 
entia nauticarum rerum instructissimus : 
V. NAVIGATION. 

seamanship: nauticarum rerum 
peritia. Phr.: to gain a victory by 
yood s., rather than by fighting, * magis 
navalis (nauticae) rei peritia quam pug. 
nando hostes superare. 

seamed (part. adj.): creber suturis, 
cf. Liv. 38, 29, med. Fig.=marked 
witli scars, cicatricosus, Quint. 4, 1, 61. 

seamless: *suturis expers. 

seamstress: sarcinatrix: Gai. Dig. 
15,1, 27. Or perh. vestifica, Inser. 

seamy : V. SEAMED. 

sear (v.): Adiro, ussi, stum, 3 (fo 
burn the surface of anything): or 
simply, uro: v.TO BURN. (Vulg.1 Tim. 
iv. 2, has cauteriata conscientia, “ con- 
science s.’d with a hot iron,” E.V.3 but 
the verb cauterio, as also cauterizo, is 
late, and inadmissible in elegant Latin.) 

sear (adj.): sérus: v. LATE. The s. 
and yellow leaf, vietum et caducum 
illud senectutis, cf. Cic. Sen. 2, 5: Vv. 
WITHERED, 

search (».): A, Intrans.: to 
institute a search: , scrutor, I 
(oftener trans.): Sen. Ir. 3, 36 (totum 
diem mecum scrutor). 2. rimor, & 
(to pry into: usu. with object expr.: v. 
infr. II.): Virg. Aen. 7, 508. Not only 
scerutor, but other trans. verbs of search- 
tng may be used with obj. understood: 
e.g.: s. carefully and you will find, 
*quaere diligenter, et reperies. (Not 
however excutio, which must have ace, 
of person or thing s.’d.) Phr.: to s. 
everywhere, investigare et perscrutari 
omnia, Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 47. B. 
Trans.: to examine by s.ing: af 
scritor, 1: to s. secret places, abdita loca 
s., Sall. Jug. 12: Cic. Strengthened, 
perscritor, 1: Cic. 2, exciitio, ssi, 
ssum, 3, (strictly, to examine by shaking 
a person’s dress, i order to discover 
anything secreted): they ordered him to 
be s.’d, [ut] excuti (eum) juberent, 
Phaedr. 5, 5, 19. Cic. Join: non 
excutio te [si quid forte ferri habuisti], 


ee ee a a a es 





ae 


5 ee neal 


a 








SEARCH INTO 


non serutor, Cic. R. Am. 34, 97. 3. 
rimor, 1 (to ransack every corner, to pry 
into: not in Cic.): Tac. H. 2, 29 (ipsam 
humum pilis lanceisque rimabantur, 
viz., in 8. of Valens): Virg. Phr.: to 
s. sea and land, terra marique omnia 
exquirere, Sall. Cat. 13. 

search into: 1, inquiro, 3: v. To 
ENQUIRE INTO. Also, anquiro, 3 (to s. 
on all sides, s. carefully): Cic. pe 
investigo, indago, 1 (to track out care- 
Sully ; both lit. and fig.): v.T0 INVEsTI- 
GATE, EXAMINE. 3. perscritor, 1: 
Cic. Inv. 2, 44. 

— for: 1, quaero, 3: Cic.: 
Phaedr.: e¢ pass. Comps.: (1.) an- 
quiro, 3 (to s. all about jor): Cic. Am. 
33, 87. Join: anquirere et parare 
{omnia quae sunt ad vivendum neces- 
saria]. (2.) conquiro, 3 (to s. logether, 
or in a body ; also, to s. for and collect) : 
Cic. Verr. 4, 19, init. (conquiri Diodorum 
tota provincia jubet, orders a general s. 
to be made for him): id. Off. 3, 33, 117 
Suavitates undique c.). (3.) réquiro, 3 
to s. for again, s. for uhat has been 
lost): to s. for any one’s bones, ossa ali- 
cujus r., Ov. M. 2, 336. (Oftener = to 
feel the want of,to miss.) —-Q,_ seriitor, 
1(v. rare in this sense): Plin. See also 
TO SEARCH. ‘ 

— out: 1. exquiro, quisivi, 
situm, 3: to s. out the truth, verum ex., 
Cic. Div. 2, 12, 28: et pass. Q, ex- 
pioro, 1 (carefully): tos. out the whole 
matter, rem totam ex., Cic. Att. 6, 8: v. 
TO EXPLORE, 3, investigo, 1: fo s. 
out and expose a conspiracy, conjura- 
tionem inv., patefacere, Cic. Sull. 1, extr. 

4, indago, 1: Cic. Mil. 37, 103. 
Join: indagare et odorari (to scent out, 
as dogs), id. Verr. 2, 54, 135. 

search (subs.) : 1, usu. expr. by 
verb: he institutes a s. for the man, 
hominem conquiri jubet: in the s. for 
truth, in veritate investiganda, etc.: v. 
TO SEARCH, 2. also these subss. 
oceur: (1.) inquisitio: Cic. Off. 1, 4, 13 
(veri inquisitio atque investigatio): Pl. 
/2.) scritatio: Sen. V. B. 23, 2 (s. do- 
mus). (3.) invesugatio, indagatio: v. 
EXAMINATION, ENQUIRY. 

searcher; usu. expr. by imperf. 
part. or rel. clause: v.TO SEARCH. Also 
by these subs.: (1.) scritator: Suet.: 


Just. (2.) inquisitor (enquirer, in- 
vestigator): Cic. (3.) indagator: Col. 
9, 8, ad fin. 


- searching (subs.): v. SEARCH, subs. 
searching (aij.): |. In physical 
Sense: pénétrabilis, actitus, subtilis: v. 
PENETRATING, KEN. If. By anal., 
penetrating and careful: expr. by ac- 
ciratus, diligens, or corresponding advv. : 
to institute a most s. inquiry, * aliquid 
accuratissima diligentia [accuratissime, 
diligentissime] explorare, inquirere: v. 
CAREFUL, CAREFULLY ; and preced. artt. 
Phr.: that was a very s. question of 
yours, *ea quaestione rem ucu (quod 
aiunt) tetigisse videris. 
searness: V. SEAR, adj. 
season (subs.): = J. Of the year: 
1, tempus, dris, 2. : at every s. of the 
year, omni t. anni, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 107 : 
the fourfold changes of the s.s, tem- 
porum commutationes quadripartitae, 
id. Tuse. 1, 28, 68: it was the winter s., 
erat hibernum t. anni, Cic. Rep. 1, 12: 
xo the ¢.s, tempora anni, Lucr. 2, 33. 
2, tempestas (time of the year, esp. 
with reference to the weather as favour- 
able or unfavourable): while the s. 
smiles, quum t. arridet, Lucr. 2, 32. 
I]. Right or suitable time: ie 
tempus: esp. in certain phrr. in due s., 
tempore, Cic. Fam. 7, 18: in tempore, 
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 123: also, at the ap- 
pointed s., ad tempus, Cic. Att. 13, 45. 
2, opportiinitas: in more abstract 
sense: cf, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 142, opportuni- 
tas idoneorum ad agendum temporum : 
V. OPPORTUNITY. II]. A somewhat 
brief period : in phr., for a s., in tem- 
pus, cf. Tac. A. 14, 20 (= temporarily, 
gust for ihe occasion) : or use paullisper 
(for a while): Cic.: Caes. 
Beason (v.): |, Toflavour: 1, 


condio, 4 (both lit. and fig.): to s. most 





SEAT 


exquisitely (in cooking), ita c. ut nibil 
possit esse suavius, Cic, Fam. 7, 26: to 
s. wll, male c., Hor. S. 2, 8, 69: dignity 
sd with courtesy, gravitas comitate 
condita, Cic. Sen. 4, 10: Quint. OP 
expr. by (sale) spargo, perspergo, si, 
sum, 3: ef. Cic. Att. 1, 13, itt. litterae 
humanitatis sparsae sale: also, de Or, 
I, 34, extr., facetiarum quidam lepos, 
quo tanquam sale perspergatur omnis 
oratio (s.’d or flavoured throughout with 
wit). Il. Zo harden and jit for use: 
diiro, I: v. TO HARDEN, INURE. 
seasoned (part. adj.): |. ¥la- 
voured; in lit. or fig. sense: conditus 
(the compar. conditior, more highly s., 
occurs, Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 227), (tanquam) 
sale sparsus, perspersus: V. T@ SEASON, 
I]. Thoroughly hardened: bene 
duratus: s. timber, materia non jam 
viridis sed durata ac bene firma (solida). 
seasonable: 1, tempestivus: a 
s. address, oratio t., Liv. 5, 12, fin.: to 
allow children s. recreation, t. pueris 
concedere ludum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 142: 
Cic. 2. opportiinus : v. SUITABLE, 
3. expr. by in tempore, ad tempus, 
tempestivé: what could have been more 
s.? *quid potuit magis in tempore (ad 
tempus), s. tempestivius fieri? v. SEA- 
SONABLY. 
seasonableness : 1, tempesti- 
vitas: Cic. Sen. 10, 33. 2. opporti- 
nitas : Cic. Off. 1, 40,142. (Or. expr. by 
adj.: V. SEASONABLE.) 
seasonably : 1. (in) tempore, 
ad tempus: v. SEASON (IL.). 2. tem- 
pestive : Cie. N. D. 2, 62, fin.: Hor. 
seasoning (subs.) : 1. conditio 
(act or mode of s., in cookery): Cic. N. D. 
2, 58, 146 (ciborum conditiones). 2) 
condimentum (that which serves to add 
relish) : Cic. Fin. 2, 28, go (cibi). Also 
fig., sermonum condimenta, id. de Or. 2, 
bw he 3, conditira (less freq. = 
preced.): Sen. Ir. 3, 15. 4, use sal, 
sales: esp. in fig. sense: cf. Cic. Att. 1, 
13, intt., humanitatis sal, the s. of ele- 
gant and refined culture: v. TO SEASON, 
seat (subs.): |, That on which one 
sits: 1, sédes, is, f.: they sat down 
on the s.s beneath the plane-tree, in iis s. 
quae erant sub platano consedisse, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 7, extr.: s. of honour, s. honoris 
= sella curulis), id. Cat. 4, 1,2: so of 
the senators’ s.s, Liv. 5, 41, fin. 2. 
sédile, is, 2. (more limited in meaning 
than sedes, and denoting some kind of 
fixed bench or chair: chiefly poet.): 
grassy s. (or chair), gramineum s., Virg. 
Aen. 8, 176: he sits on the front s.s 
(of the knights), in primis s. sedet, Hor, 
Epod. 4, 15: Ov. 3. sella (a move- 
able seat or chair: not a fixture like 
sedile): the curule s. (chair), s. curulis, | 
Cic. Verr. 5, 14, 36: cf. id. Div. 1, 52, | 
119, Ss. aurea (Caesaris dictatoris). See 
alsO CHAIR, SEDAN, STOOL. 4, in pil. 
subsellia, orum (the benches on which 
senators sat in the senate-house, or 
those in front of the tribunal in the 
forum): specially, s. senatus, Cie. Ph. 
5, 7,183 but more freq. absol., the 
context serving to define, cf. id. Cat. 1, 
7, 16 (istam partem subselliorum nu- 
dam reliquerunt): the accusers’ part of 
the s.s, accusatorum s., id. R. Am. 6, 17. 
5, so in a collect. manner, specta- 
cula, orum, is used of the seats in a 
theatre or public show: Suet. Cal. 35 (e | 
spectaculis detractus); Tac. 6. ses- 
sio (place for sitting down: infreq.): 
Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 20. ||. Position of a 
person sitting: perb. sedes: or expr. by 
circuml.: he seated himself on the right 
of Adherbal, to prevent Jugurtha being 
in the middle, which ts the s. of honour 
among the Numidians, dextera Adher- 
balem assedit, ne medius ex tribus, quod 
apud Numidas honori ducitur, Jugurtha 
foret, Sall. Jug. 11: the middle s. is the s. 
of honour, *sedentium medius locus 
honestissimus. [xpr. to take one’s s., 
by sedére, assidtre, considére: (v, TO 
sit): but in Liv. 1, 18, med., we have 
sedem capere, appy. to avoid repetition 
of sedere or its comps. [|], Part of 











SECLUDED 





the body on which one sits: sédes: Plin. 
23, 3, 37: also in pl.: it removes ez- 
crescences on the s., excrescentia in sedi- 
bus extrahit, id. 22, 21, 29, §61. (More 
UsU. ANUS: V. FUNDAMENT.) VY, Fro- 
per place or home of anything : 1. 
sédes: (pleasure) disturbs the mind from 
its proper s. and position, mentem e 
sua 8. et statu demovet, Cic. Par. 1, fin.: 
8. of war, 8. belli, Liv. 4, 31, fin. “Also 
pl.: in the very s. of luxury (Capua), 
in sedibus luxuriae, Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97: 
8. of power, s. imperii, cf. id. Rep. 2, 5. 
9. ddmicilium (dwelling-place: fig 
settled abode): (Rome) the very s. of 
empire and glory, imperii et gloriae d., 
Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 105: the s. of the soul, 
domicilia (pl.) animi, Gell. 17, 15, init. 
Cf. Cic. Agr. l.c., in domicillo superbiae 
atqne in sedibus luxuriae. V. Here- 
ditury mansion: perh. démicilium; or 
more precisely, *domicilium avitum 
(paternum), sedes avita (paterna): ef. 
Hor. Od. 1, 12, 43 (avitus cum lare 
fundus): id. Ep. 2, 2, 51 (paterni laris 
inops). Sometimes villa (country- 
house) may be near enough: cf. Plin. 
Ep. 9, 7, 1, hujus [lacus] in littore plures 
villae meae: sometimes the neut. of a 
local adj. without subs.: e.g. Lauren- 
tinum meum, my Laurentine s., id. 2, 
17, init.: Cic. Or domus may be used 
as gen. term: V. HOUSE, HOME. Vi 
A right to sit in a legislative body 
expr. by circumL, to obtain a s. in par- 
liament, *senatorem fieri, ad dignitatem 
senatoriam (or simply, ad senatum) per- 
venire : Vv, SENATE, PARLIAMENT, elc. 
Vil. In riding: Phr.: to havea 

good s., in equo (bene) haerere: equo 
bene uti, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28: ef. Hor. Od. 
3, 24, 55. 

seat (v.): as v. reflect. to s. oneself: 
sédeo (to be seated); insideo (to s. one- 
self on or upon); assido (to s. oneself 
by or next to): v. TO sIT; and comp. 
SEAT, subs. (1I.). See also foll. art. 

seated (part. and adj.): 1, situs 
(placed somewhere ; also, centred in, 
dependant on): all the power ts s. in 
you, potestas omnis in vobis s. est, Cic. 
Mur. 38, ertr.: v. SITUATED. 2. 
deeply s., invétératus (of long standing): 
Cic. Ph. 5, 11, extr. (inveteratum malum, 
opp. nascens). To be or become deeply 
S.: (1.) invétérasco, avi, 3: Caes. B. G. 
5, 41 (ut hanc inveterascere consuetu- 
dinem nolint). (2.) inhaereo, haesi, 
sum, 2 (to be firmly rooted): to be 
deeply s. (rooted) in nature, in rerum 
natura inh., based on Cic, de Or. 2, 39, 
163. (Cf. Lucr. 1, 77, alte terminus 
haerens, of the deeply s. unalterable 
laws of nature.) 

secant: *sécans, ntis, f.: as math 
t. t. 

secede: sécédo, ssi, ssum, 3: Sall. C. 
33 (plebes armata a patribus secessit) : 
Liv. 

seceder: expr. by verb: v. preced. 
art. 

secession : secessio: esp. with ref. 
to the s.s of the plebs in Roman history: 
Liv. 2, 32 (in Aventinum s. factam esse); 


Cic.: Caes. 

seclude: 1, séclido, 3:- v. To 
SHUT OFF. 9, abdo, didi, ditum, 3: 
cf, Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (se in bibliothecam 
abdere): v. TO HIDE. 3. abstriido, sl, 
sum, 3: with pron. refl. = to put one- 
self out of the way: Cic. Att, 12, 15 
(quum me in silvam abstrusi densam 
atque asperan}). 

secluded (part. ad).): 1, s&cré- 
tus: to seek s. spots, s. petere loca, Hor, 
A. P. 298: a s. forest, s. silva, Ov. M. 7, 
95: Sen.: V. PRIVATE, SECRET. See also 
SECLUSION. 2. sécliisus (less freq.) - 
a 8S. grove, S. emus, Virg. Aen. 6, 704. 

8. sdlus, sdlitarius: Vv. LONELY, 

SOLITARY. A &. spot or scene, solitudo . 
V, SECLUSION. 4, rémdotus (out of the 
way, retired, sequestered): a s. part 0) 
a house, r. pars domus, Ov. M. 6, 638 
(= penetralia): in a s&., healthy, de 
light/ul, neighbourhood, r., salubri, am 
oeno loco, Cic. Fam. 7,20: Hor. Join 
silvestria ac r. loca, Caes. B. G. 4, x 


WW 


SECLUSION 


5, avius (out of the way; un- 


frequented: chiefly poet.): v. PATH- 
LESS. 
seclusion: 1, sécrétum (newt. of 
adj. secretus: cf. preced. art.): to love s., 
secreto gaudere, Quint. 10, 7, 16: Plin.: 
V. PRIVACY. Q. sdlitiido (opp. to céle- 
britas: the latter denoting places or 
scenes much resorted to): inthis s. 1 am 
deprived of all converse with my fellow- 
creatures, in hac s. careo omnium collo- 
quio, Cic. Att. 12, 15: Vv. SOLITUDE. 
8. expr. by locus rémotus, solus, 
sécrétus: V. SECLUDED, PRIVATE. 
second (adj.): 1, sécundus: puss. 
In fig. sense: (the hero Ajax) s. to 
Achilles, ab Achille s., Hor. S. 2, 3, 193: 
Auct. B. Alex. (in Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52, 
occurs, ad regium principatum s.; but 
this is on account of the proxime ac- 
cedere, immediately preceding): to take 
as. part, s. (sc. partes) ferre, Hor. S. 1, 
9, 46 (cf. Cic. Div. Verr. 15, 48, ille qui 
est secundarum aut tertiarum partium) : 
s. partes agere, Orell. in loco (nearly = 
collog. phr. to play s. fiddle to any one). 
For the s. time, secundum (rare): Liv. 


4, 3 (Cn. Genucius, L. Aemilio Mamer- | 


cino secundum [usu. iterum | consulibus) : 
and secundo (also very rare), Auct. B. 
Alex. 40 (Pontica legio quum fossam cir- 
cumire secundo [= iterum] conata esset). 
Soldiers of the s. legion, Secundani, Liv.: 
Tac. 9, in enumerations, alter, éra, 


érum: cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7,20, primo die ; 


--. alter dies... tertius dies... reliquis 
diebus. Even with other ordinals: on 
the twenty-s. day, altero vicesimo die, 
Cic. Fam. 12, 25: as. Hannibal, a. Han 
nibal, cf. Liv. 21, 10, med.: use is Ss. 
nature, usus est altera natura, Prov. 
. Fig.: ranking s. to, alter ab aliquo, 
Virg. E. 5, 49. Phr.: for the s. time, 
itérum (v. supr. 1): im the s. place, 


deinde, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58, primum | 


... deinde,.. deinde: also, primum... 
tum... 
cundo, in this sense, very rare; and 





barely classical: it occurs, however, | 


Varr. in Non. 149, 15): s. thoughts are, 
it is said, apt to be the wiser, posteriores 
enim cogitationes (ut aiunt) solent sa- 
pientiores esse, Cic. Ph. 12, 2, 5. 

second (subs.): |. In a duel: 
perh. auctor (promoter, supporter, 
backer): cf. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. No. 
Vil. I. Of time: perh. momentum 
(temporis): v. MOMENT. More precisely, 
*horae partis sexagesimae sexagesima 
pars. 

second (v.): |, Zo promote, fur- 
ther, aid: adjiivo, jiivo, I: v. TO AID, 


etc. Sometimes, subministrare (to Keep | 


supplying any one with anything) may 


serve: to s. with money, arms, provi- | 


sions, pecuniam, tela, frumentum alicui 
subministrare (v. TO SUPPLY): 
sometimes, secundas ferre, 
partes agere (to act a subordinate part 
for the advantage of another): v. SE- 
COND, adj. (1). 
which, however, occurs in kindred sense, 
Virg. Aen. 7, 259, di nostra incepta 
secundent, i.e. render them successful.) 
[]. Zo support a motion: perh. in 
sententiam alicujus dicere ; sententiae 
alicujus auctorem (suasorem) fieri: cf. 
Sall. Cat. 56. 
—-hand: Phr.: 
wares, scruta, orum, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 65: 
a dealer in them, scrutarius, Lucil. in 
Gell. 3, 14, med.: s. books, *libri jam 
usu triti, libri de secunda manu (qui 
dicuntur) empti: to retail s. jokes, * fa- 
cetias minus novas atque aliunde sump- 
tas venditare. 
-rate: sécundarius, sécundus, 
inférior: v. SECONDARY, INFERIOR. A S. 
intellect, secundae sortis ingenium, Sen. 
Ep. 52, 2; also, secundae classis, acc. 
to anal. of Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 73 (cum illo 
collati, quintae classis videntur). 
secondary: 1, sécundarius (of 
second quality or importance) : Cic. Inv. 
2, 7, 24 (where the word ranks after 
caput, i.e. the chief or main thing to be 
aimed at). 2. 
second-rate): Sen.: Flor. 
718 





3. inférior, 


also | 
secundas | 


s. clothes or | 





(Hardly secundare, | 





stcundus (inferior, 


SECRET 


SECRETARIATE 





us: V. INFERIOR. 4, postérior, us (of 
inferior importance): Cic. Att. Io, 4 
(quorum utrique semper patriae salus 
et dignitas posterior sua dominatione 
.... luit, i.e. was looked upon by them 
as of s. importance). 5, converting 
the sentence, expr. by antiquior, us = 
of higher, or in superl. of paramount 
importance : cf. Cic. Div. 2, 37, 78, anti- 
quiorem ei fuisse laudem et gloriam 
quam regnum, ie. his throne was a s. 
matter to him compared with his re- 
nown. Phr.: to hold one thing to be 


of s. importance, posthabere aliquid | 


alicui rei: v. TO PREFER. 
secondarily: “secundo gradu, or- 
dine, genere. 


seconder: of a proposal, auctor, 


suasor: V. ADVISER, SUPPORTER. See | 


also TO SECOND (II.). 

secondly : deinde, tum (rarely) séc- 
undo: Vv. SECOND, adj. 

seconds: «x inferior kind of bread: 
cibarius panis (“ households”), Cic. Tusc. 
3, 34, 97: also, secundarius panis, Suet. 
Aug. 76; and panis secundus, Hor. Ep. 
2, I, 123. S. flour, farina secundaria 
(Forcell.). 

second-sight: *visus secundus (qui 
dicitur); visus quidam interior vel se- 
cundus (qui perhibetur), qualis vatum 
esse creditur. 

secrecy: |. Privateness of place: 
sécretum: V. PRIVACY. I]. Aeeping 
a thing secret: expr. by circuml.: uhen 
all had taken the oath of s., *quum 
omnes se jurejurando obstrinxissent ne 
rem vulgarent, expromerent, enuntia- 
rent ; fidem dedissent se rem occultam 
habituros: v. secRET. (N.B.—In Ter. 


| Andr. 1, 1, 7, taciturnitas has its usual 


force = disposition to hold one’s tongue.) 

secret (adj.): |. Of places; se- 
cluded: apart from men: 1, occultus: 
in s. places, 0. locis (opp. in foro), Pl. 


| Cure. 4, 2, 21: s. paths, o. calles, Virg. 
deinde..., id. Fin. 5, 23, 65 (se- | 


| (L.). 


Aen. 9, 383. 9. sécrétus: v. PRIVATE 
3, abditus (hidden, out of the 
way): to search the s. parts of the 
earth, abdita terrai scrutari, Lucr. 6, 
80g: more freq. in sense (II.): v. infr. 

4, rémotus (out of the way, retired, 
sequestered) : s. part of a house, t. pars 
domus, Ov. M. 6, 638 (= penetralia): 
V. RETIRED, SEQUESTERED. ||, Vot seen 
or Ienown : 1, occultus (most gen. 
term): to bring the most s. things to 
light, res occultissimas aperire, in lu- 
cemque proferre, Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 62. 
Join: [res] occultae et penitus ab- 
ditae, id. N. D. 1, 19, 49: occultus atque 
tectus, id. R. Am. 36. 9. sécrétus 
(not so in Cic.): s. lusts, s. libidines, 
Tac. A. 1, 4, fin. (in same sense, arcanae 
1, Suet. Tib. 43): Ov.: Lucan. 8, ar- 
canus (esp. of that which ts of a nature 
to demand secrecy ; confidential, myste- 
rious, or sacred) : anything s. or sacred, 
(si) quid arcani sanctive, Liv. 23, 22, 
med.: s. designs, a. consilia, Liv. 35, 12, 
init. (cf. consilia interiora, Nep. Hann. 
2): Cie. 4. abditus (hidden, not out- 
wardly traceable, abstruse): a s. force 
(in nature), vis quaedam a., Lucr. 5, 
1233: Cic.: v. supr.(1). §, conditus, 
absconditus: Vv. HIDDEN. 6. tectus (of 
that which does not show itself openly ; 
opp. to outspoken, frank, plain): cf. 
Cic. R. Am. 36, 104, paulo occultior et 
tectior cupiditas (veiled by hypocrisy) : 
v. RESERVED (I1.). 7. esp. of voting: 
tacirus: s. voting, t. suffragia, Plin. Ep 
3,20,7. Phr.: in secret, to keep secret : 
v. foll. artt. [|], Furtive, clandestine : 

], clandestinus (wnderhand): s. con- 
Serences with the enemy, c. colloquia 
cum hostibus, Cic. Sen. 12, 40: s. schemes, 
c. consilia (quite different from arcana 
consilia, v. swpr. Il. 3): Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 
med.: Liv. 9. furtivus (lit. stolen ; 
hence, done by stealth, unlawfully and 
secretly enjoyed): s. love, f. amor, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 171: s. writing (on the head 0 
the slave of Histiaeus), f. scriptum, Gell. 
17, 9, fin.: V. STOLEN, STEALTHY. {[V, 
In special sense ; secret writing or cha- 








this kind of s. writing, hance scribendi 
latebram parabant, Gell. 17, 9: cf. ib. 
ad jin., profunda quaedam et inopina- 
bilis scribendi latebra. 

secret, in: 1, clam (wnobserved 
of others): not to deliver up property 
entrusted to one in Ss., c. deposiitum non 
reddere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8,17 : Caes. Dimin. 
clanculum, Pl.: Ter. 9. sécréto: v. 
PRIVATELY. §, arbitris remotis (with- 
out eye-witnesses) : V. PRIVATELY (Phr.). 
See also SECRETLY. 

—, be or lie; lateo, ui, 2: v. 
HIDDEN. 

—, keep: célo, occulto, etc.: v. 
TOCONCEAL. Phr.: to keepanything s., 
aliquid occultum tenere, Sall. Cat. 23: 
in occulto tenere, Tac. A. 3, 18, extr.: 
also, in slightly diff. sense, tacitum 
tenere (to keep a thing to onesel/, not to 
talk about it}, Cic. de Or. 3, 17, 64: still 
again different, continere (to withhold 
knowledge instead of giving it to the 
world, proferre), ib. 1, 47, 206: to ve 
kept s. (in addition to pass. of above), 
clam esse: the matter could not be kept 
s., nec id clam esse potuit, Liv. 5, 36, 
med,: ‘Ter.; in which constr. clam may 
also be used as prep.: the circumstance 
was kept s. from her father, ea res clam 
patre fuit, Gell. 2, 23, ad fin. 

secret (subs.) : 1. res arcana, and 
in pl., arcana, orum (of mysterious or 
confidential secrets: V. SECRET, adj. II. 
3): ss of the fates, fatorum arcana, 
Ov. M. 2, 639: Hor. The neut. sing. 
may also be used (in oblique cases): 
ef. Hor. Od. 1, 18, ext7., arcanique fides 
prodiga = of what is secret, collect. of 
secrels. 2, res occulta; n. pl. occulta 
(applicable to anything hidden or not 
generally known): Cic. Fin. 2, 26, jin., 
quicium joca, seria; quicum arcana, oc- 
culta omnia [communices]. 3. com- 
missum (rare in sing.: @ s. entrusted to 
any one to keep): to keep s.s, c. celare, 
Nep. Epam., 3: tacere, Hor. S. 1, 4, 84: 
tegere, id. Ep. 1, 18, 38: opp. to c. enun- 
tiare (to reveal s.s), Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31. 
Phr.: to keep anything a s., aliquid 
occultum tenere, etc. (v. preced. art.): 
it is no s. to me, non me fugit, Cic. Att. 
12, 42: also (later), non me latet, Just. 
13, 8 (res Eumenem non latuit): J tell 
you this as u s., hoc tibi soli dictum 
puta; haec tu tecum habeto; hoc tibi 
in aurem dixerim; hoc lapidi dixerim 
(Georg.): tell me—the s. will be safe, 
[rem] depone tutis auribus, Hor. Od. 4, 
27,18: so, of a person who cannot keep 
a s., rimosae aures (leaky ears), id. S. 
2, 6, 47 (quae rimosa bene deponuntur 
in aure): cf. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25, plenus 
rimarum sum, hac atque illuc perfluo 
(I can keep nothing a s.): the matter is 
no longer a s., res palam est, Pl. Aul. 4, 
Io, 2 (4, 9, 18): jam res emanavit (v. 
TO GET ABROAD): he makes no s. of u, 
neque id occulte fert, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30: 
in the s. (party to it), conscius: cf. Sall. 
Cat. 22, alius alii taciti facinoris conscii 
(being all alike in the guilty s.): many 
being in the s., multis consciis, Nep. 
Dion 8 (v. PARTY TO). 

secretary: |. 4 person employed 
confidentially as a writer: 1, scriba 
(any kind of clerk or writer: denoting 
at Rome a class of inferior officials, but 
elsewhere, esp. with kings, an office of 
trust): he (Philip) employed him as his 
s., [ad manum] habuit eum scribae loco, 
Nep. Eum. 1 (see the place): cf. Liv. 2, 
12, med., scriba cum rege [Porsena] 
sedens pari fere ornatu: Plin. Dy 
servus ad manum (amanuensis) : Cic. 
de Or. 3, 60, 225: also, a manu servus, 
Suet. Caes. 75. And without servus: 
Thallo a manu, id. Aug. 67. I. 4 
minister of state: Phr.: s. of state for 
the war department, colonies, etc., * qui 
rebus bellicis praeest, qui coloniis (ad- 
ministrandis) praeest s. praepositus est, 


of | etc. (Not secretarius, which is a word 


quite without classical authority.) 
secretaryship) scribatus, us (office 
secretarlate f of scriba: v. preced. 


rvacters : ndtae, arum ; Suet. Caes. 56 (per | art.): Cod. Just. 7,62,4. Or by circuml, 
notas scribere, 7 cipher): they invented | he was appointed to a s.. scriba factus 


——— Te ee — ’ 








SECRETE 





est; scribae officio praepositus est: cf. 


Nep. Eum. 1. 
secrete: |. To hide: abdo, ab- 
scondo, etc.: v. TO HIDE. [J Physiol. 
t. t.; to separate: perb. *secréto, 1 
freq. of secerno): which, though with- 
out authority, seems necessary as ¢. t.: 
or simply, sécerno: v, TO SEPARATE. 
secretion: |. The act of secreting: 
expr. by verbs: v. preced. art. I. 
Physiol. t. t.: that which is secreted: 
perh. *sécrémentum (acc. to anal. of 
excrementum, which denotes whatever 
is given off from the body, a3 ordure, 
spittle, mucus); which, though without 
authority, scems necessary as ¢. ¢. 
secretly: 1. occulté: opp. aperté, 
ic. Agr. 1, init.: as s. as possible, 
quam occultissime, Caes. Join: clam 
occulteque, Plin. (Rare forms, occulto, 
occultim : to be avoided.) 2. clam, 
clanctilum: v. SECRET, IN. 3, sécréto 
separately, privately): opp. to palam 
of voting secretly, by ballot (Gr. xpvB- 
Snv) instead of openly): Plin. Ep. 3, 


20, 8: Sen. Ben. 2, 23. 4, furtim 
(stealthily): Cic.: Hor.: v. STEALTH, 
STEALTHILY. 5, less freq. in same 


sense, furtive: Sen. Ben. 2, 23 (furtive, 
in angulo, ad aurem, the last, of one 
whispering in the ear of another): cf. 
ib. paulo infr., where the same sense is 
conveyed by remotis arbitris (without 
an eye-witness). 6, clandestino (extr. 
rare): PI. 
secretness : 
SECRET. 
secretory: *sécrétorius, as med. t. t. 
sect: secta, familia, schdla: v. 
SCHOOL (I1.). 
sectarian: nimius sectae suae fau- 
tor; nimium stndiosus sectae suae, etc. 
sectarianism: sectae (partium) 
studium: v. PARTISANSHIP. 
sectary: *qui aliquam sectam pro- 
fitetur. 
section: |. Division: pars: v. 
PART. Ome 8.....another s....., alii 
«ee. Alii salient a De ~... Of two 
sections only). . Of a chapter or 
book : Seas a t.: M. gan 
Il. In geom., act of cutting : sectio: 
Quint. 1, 10, 49. 
sector: *sector: as math. ¢. ¢. 
secular: |. Relating to a seculum 
or age: secularis (saec.): esp. in phr. 
s. games, ludi s., Suet. Aug. 31: Tac. 
||. Relating to present world: by 
circuml.: s. affairs, *quae ad hanc 
quotidianam hominum vitam pertinent, 
quae ab rebus ecclesiasticis secreta sunt ; 
quae cum rebus divinis nullam rationem 
habent. (Sometimes préfanus, not con- 
secrated to the gods, may serve: cf. Cic. 
Part. to, extr., loci consecrati an profani, 
devoted to sacred or s. purposes: s. learn- 
ing, *litterae profanae, quas dicunt.) 
secularist: the Secularists, *Secu- 
lares, qui appellantur; qui divina omnia 
tollunt. 
secularize: Phr. to s. the revenues 
of a Church, *ecclesiae fructus ad usus 
vitae quotidianos fad usus profanos 
revocare: to s. a building, Prete} 
religionem tollere, Cic. Att. 4, 1, ad fin.: 
ef, Auct. Dom. 39, Ic4, ex domo pon- 
tificis maximi religionem eripuit: or 
profanare (usu. rather to desecrate): 
ef. Liv. 31, 44, med.: to s. education, 
*publicam puerorum institutionem ab 
religione devocare. 
_secure (adj.) : 
Sécirus; Vv. CARELFSS, UNCONCERNED. 
I]. Safe: titus, (later) séciirus: v. 
SAFE. ll. (Certain to be obtained : 
tiitus: as. reward, t. merces, Hor, Od. 
3, 2, 25: so, tutum diadema, ib. 2, 2, 21. 
secure (v.): |. To make safe, prt 
out of danger: 1, miinio, 4 (lit. to 
fortify): to s. (a place) by guards, 
(locum) praesidiis m., Cic. Cat. 1, 4.8: 
to s. one’s power (from plots, et-.), 
imperium m., Nep. Reg. 2: to s. oneself 
against fraud, muniri contra fraudes, 
Plin. 35, 13, 76. Also, praemunio, 4 
(to s. oneself beforchand) ; to s. oneself 
by antidotes from fear of poison, metu 
venenorum praemuniri medicamentis, 


expr. by adj.: v. 


|. Free from care: 





SECURITY 





Suet. Cal. 29. 2. firmo, confirmo, 1 
(to strengthen): freq. as milit. term: 
to s. a place by strong Jortificat‘ons, 
locum magnis munitionibus firmare, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 29: Vv. TO STRENGTHEN. 
3, expr. by circuml with titus, 
tiitior: (this he did) to s. himself from 
conspirators, *quo tutior ab insidian- 
tibus fieret: J must endeavour to s. my 
friend's interest, amici res est videndum 
ut in tuto collocetur, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 
(I: V. SAFE. ||. Zo apprehend: com- 
prehendo, 3: Vv. TO SEIZE, ARREST. 
securely : |, Withovt danger : 
safely: 1], tito (in a safe place; in 
safety): to fight s., dimicare t., Caes. 
B. G. 3, 24, init.: to stand more s. in 
the shallow water, tutius in vadis con- 
sistere, ib. 3, 13, fin. 2. tute (in a 
safe manner; with safety): he who 
lives honestly, lives s., eum t. vivere, 
qui honeste vivat. Auct. Her. 3, 5,9: s. 
and cautiously, t. cauteque, ib. 3, 7, 13. 
8. séciiré (rare and late in this 
sense): to look out upon more s. (i.e. 
with less danger to oneself): securius 
intueri, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, § 6. (N.B.— 
Avoid this use.) 4, expr. by adj. 
tiitns: thou wilt go most s. in the middle 
course, medio tutissimus ibis, Ov. M. 2, 
137: L. G. § 343. ||. With that con- 
fidence of safety which begets careless- 
ness; rashly: sécuré: s. and 
almost heedlessly, s. ac prope negli- 
zenter, Plin. Ep. 1, 4, fin. : calmly and 
s., lente ac s., Suet. Ner. 40, fin.: Vell. 
9. negligenter, indiligenter: v. CARE- 
LESSLY. 3, témére : v. RASHLY, HEED- 
LESSLY. 4, inconsidératé : v. CARE- 


LESSLY, 
|. Freedom from 


secureness : } 
security : danger : 1, salus: 


the s. of states is placed in the counsels 
of the best men, in optimorum consiliis 
posita est civitatium s., Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 
init.: V. SAFETY. 9. incdlimitas : 
to retain s.and freedom, incolumitatem 
ac libertatem retinere, id. Inv. 2, 56, 
168: Vv. SAFETY. 8. s€ciiritas (late 
in this sense): whilst the signs of death 
are innumerable, there are none of 
safety and s., cum innumerabilia sint 
mortis signa, salutis s.que nulla suit, 
Plin. 7, 51, 52: the guardian of the s. of 
the city, s. urbanae custos, Vell. 2, 98, 
init.: the s. of the supply of corn, an- 
nonae s., Tac, A. 15, 18, init. ll. 
Freedom from anxiety : séciritas: Vell. 
2, 118 (freqnentissimum initium esse 
calamitatis securitatem) : Quint. Ill. 
That which guards from danger or vn- 
sures safety : 1, praesidium: neither 
armies nor treasures are the s. of a 
kingdom, but friends alone, non exer- 
citus neque thesauri praesidia regni 
sunt, verum amici, Sall. B. J. 10, med. : 
Y. GUARD: DEFENCE. Q, propugna- 
cilum (lit. a bulwark: fig.,any defence 
or protection): the Aelian and Fufian 
laws, the s.s of our peace, lex Aelia et 
Fufia pr. tranquillitatis, Cic. Pis. 4, 9: 
s.s of tyranny, tyrannidis p., Nep. 
Timol. 3, med.: v. SAFEGUARD. IV. 
Pledge; guarantee to secure the pay- 
ment of a debt, etc.: 1, cautio (the 
most general word): weak s.s, c. in- 
firmae, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, init.: to offer s., 
cautionem proferre, Sen. Ben. 3, 7, extr. : 
to give s., c. cavere, Venul. Dig. 46, 8, 
6: also c. offerre, Papin. ib. 40, 4, 50: 
and c. interponere, Julian. ib. 44, 1, 11: 
to demand s. from any one, ab aliquo c. 
exigere, Suet. Aug. 98, med. 2. siitis- 
datio, or separately, satis ditio (giving 
of bail or other security legal term): 
there are some s.3 after the sale, sunt 
aliquot satisdationes secundum manci- 
pium, Cic. Att. 5, 1, init. 3. pignus, 
ris, n. (a pledge of any kind): to 
accept any one’s property as a &., rem 
alicujus pignori accipere, Tac. H. 3, 65, 
med. : to give s. for any one, pignoribus 
alicui cavere, Ulp. Dig. 43. 3, 2: to 
take away the s. (i.e. the s. given by 
senators for their jines), p. auferre, Cic. 
de Or. 3,1,4- to take s.s, pignora capere, 
Liv. 3, 38, fin. 4. séciritas (mer- 
cant. t.): Ulp. Dig. 27, 4, 1, Jin.: v. 


SEDGE 
GUAEANTEE. 5. vadimouum: v. 
BAIL. 6. sponsio: v. BAIL. To give 
8.: caveo, cAvi, cautum, 2: the states 


give s. with hostages for the payment of 
the money, civitstes ubsidibus de pecunia 
cavent, Caes. B. G. 6, 2, init.: to give s. 
uth one’s life for anything, c. capite 
pro re aliqua, Plin. 34. 7,17: to gives. 
Sor tu ice the amount, c. in duplum, Suet. 
Aug. 41, init. To get s.: cAveo, 2: I 
will not discharge the dét for you, 
Rrutus, unless I first get s. from you, 
tibi ego, Brute, non solvam, nisi prius a 
te caveo, Cic. Brut. 5, 18: ef. id. Verr. 
2. 23, 55 (ab sese caveat). To take, give, 
ask, offer, etc., s.: expr. by satis with 
the following verbs, accipio. civeo, do, 
exigo, péto, offéro: to take s., s. acci- 
pere, id. Quint. 11, 44: Pomp. Dig. 45, 
1, 4: to give s., s. cavere, Paul. Dig. 7 
1, 60; s. dure (also as one word, satisdo), 
Cic. Quint. 13, 44: id. Att. 5, 1, init. (de 
satisdando): Gai. Dig. 2, 8,1: to ask s., 
s. exigere, Paul. Dig. 26, 7, 45, fin.: to 
offer s., Ulp. ib. 26, 10, 5: s. 8. petere, 
id. ib. 36, 4, 3. V. One who gives s.: 
a surety: 1, vas vidis, m. (in gen. 
sense): he who promised bail for an- 
other man was called a s., ¥. appellatas, 
qui pro altero vadimonium promittebat, 
Varr. L. L. 6, 7, 11: the «me (Damon) 
became a s., alter (Damon) v. factus est, 
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45: thou wilt give thyself 
asas.in the place of a friend, id. Fin. 
2, 24,19: cf. Liv. 39, 41, fin. (aut vades 
deseruerant). 2. praes, praedis, m. 
(one who gives s. for another in a civil 
action, as opp. to vas which denotes a 
surety in general: v. Dict. Aut. 954): 
to be s. for any one, p. pro aliquo esse, 
Cic. Att. 12, 52, init.: to give s.s., 
praedes dare, id. Rab. Post. 4, 8: ef. id. 
Verr. 2, 1, 54, 142 (cavere populo prae- 
dibus ac praediis). 3. sponsor: be- 
cause you are Pompey’s s., quod 8. eS pro 
Pompeio, id. Fam. 6, 18, med.: the ss 
and creditors of L. Trebellius, 8. et cre- 
ditores L. Trebellii, id. Phil. 6, 4, 11: 
Prov. Cons. 18, 43. 4. fidéjussor 
(only used by the legal writer Justin.): 
ef. Justin. Inst. 3, 20: Dig. 24, 7. 

sedan: lectica: v. LITTER. 

sedate: 1, températus (a term 
implying praise): she has such as. and 
moderate character, est ita temperatis 
moderatisque moribus, Cic. Fam. 12, 27, 
med.: a calm and s. kind of speech, 
aequabile et t. orationis genus, id. Off. 1, 
I, 3: ef. id. Or. 27, 95 (oratio modica ac 
temperata). 9, sédatus (calm, quiet: 
not necessarily implying praise): hasty 
men hate a s. man, oderunt s. celeres, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 90: to write with a more 
s. mind, scribere sedatiore animo, Cic. 
Att. 8, 3, fin. 

sedately ; sédaté, plicidé, quiété: 
Vv. CALMLY, QUIETLY. 

sedateness: 1. gravitas (opp. to 
lévitas, mobilitas): there was mm that 
mana s. mingled with courtesy, erat in 
illo viro con.itate condita g., Cic. de Sen. 
4, Io: pleasunt humour mingled with 
s., gravitate mixtus l+pos, id. Rep. 2. 1, 
init. 9. mores températi mbdérad- 
que: Lamia has such a s. of character, 
Lamia est ita temp*ratis moderatisque 
moribus, id. Fam. 12, 27, med. 

sedative (svbs.): a medical term: 

j, mitigatdrius (very rare): cf. 

Plin. 28, 6, 17. 2. expr. by circl. 
with délérem sédare, compesctére (R. 
and A.). : 

sedentariness: expr. by adj.: v. 
foll. art. 

sedentary : 1, sédentirins (ra- 
ther rare): a s. employm nt, s. opera, 
Col. 12, 3, ad fin.: s. cobblers, sutores 
s., PL Aul. 3, §, 39- 2. sellilarius 
(a term applied to a mechanic whose 
work is done in a sitting posture): 8. 
occupations or trad-s, quaestus s., Gell. 
3, 1: s. arts, artes s. Apul. Phr.: to 
lead a s. life, vitam sedentariam agere 
(Kr.). (N.B.— Dodmiséda is a term 
applied o a woman, v. Orell Inser. 
4639.) 

sedge (suls.) : ulva : they weave ropes 
out of s. and rushes for wearing fish- 


719 


SEDGE-BIRD 


SEDULOUS 








nets. wiv> et junco funes nectunt ad 
praetexenda piscibus retia, Plin. 16, 1. 1; 
Col. Virg. (N.B.—wSedge cannot cor- 
rectly be translated by carex Vv carex, 
in Smith's Lat. Dict.) 
sedge-bird: *calimodyta phrag- 
——-warbler:s mitis: Wood. 
sedgy: arundineus, a4rundinosus, ul- 
vosus (late) V REEDY 
sediment: 1. faex, faecis, f.: the 
weight of the world sank down like a S., 
pondus mundi subsedit ut f., Lucr. 5, 
498. the s. of vinegar, aceti f., Plin. 28, 
16,62. Q, crassamentum: some s. like 
dregs of wine is found at the bottom, 
aliquod c. in imo simile faeci reperitur, 
Col 12, 12, init. 3, sédimen (very 
rare and late) Coel. Aur. 4, sédi- 
mentum (very rare) Plin.: v- DREGS. 
5, subsidentia: the s, of waiter, 
aquae s., Vitr. 8, 3, med.: to deposit a s., 
dabere quaedam s., Cels. 3, 5, fin. a 
expr. by quod résidet, subsidit: Plin. 
23, 6, 19 (in urina quod subsidit): cf. 
ib. paull. infr. (quae subsidunt). 
sedition: 1, séditio (the most 
gen. word): to stir up s., Ss. concitare, 
Cic. Mur. 39, 83: s. commovere, id. Att. 
2, 1, med.: s. movere, Vell. 2, 68, iit. : 
the s. breaks out again, s. recrudescit, 
Liv. 6, 18, init.: to suppress a S., S. Se- 
dare, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, fin.: s. lenire, Liv. 
6, 16, fin.: the s. dies away, s. conti- 
cescit, Liv. 2, 55, fin. 9, motus, iis, 
m. (a sudden rising for a political pur- 
pose): to prevent all the s.s of Cati- 
tine, omnes Catilinae m. prohibere, Cic. 
Cat. 2, 12, 26: to cause a s., m. afferre, 
ib. 2, 2, 4. 3, timultus: v. REVOLT, 
INSURRECTION. 4, rébellium, ré- 
bellio, rebellatio: v. REBELLION 
seditionary (swbs.): 1, homo 
séditidsus: Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124. Dd. 
turbae ac tumultus concitator: cf. Liv. 
25, 4, fin. 3, séditionis concitator ac 
instimiilator: cf. Auct. Dom. 5, It. 
, 4, névérum consilidrum auctor: 


rt. 

seditious (adj.): 1, séditidsus : 
to exhort young men to ve riotous and 
$s citizens, adhortari adolescentes, ut 
turbulenti, ut seditiosi cives velint 
esse, Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 22: @ s. and wicked 





corruptelarum illecebris irretire (cf. Cic. 
Cat. 1, 6, 13): recto cursu depellere 
(Hor. S. 5, 2, 78): ad nequitiam ad- 
ducere (Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 4) V- TO LEAD 
ASTRAY, CORRUPT, etc. |], Zo corrupt, 
debauch : 1, corrumpo, 3: to s.a 
woman: ¢. mulierem, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 
2: Suet. Caes.50. Q, expr. by stuprnm, 
with verb (constr. with cum and abl. or 
simple dat.): he had s.d his sister, cum 
sorore s. fecerat, Cic. Mil. 27, 73: he s.d 
the queen, reginae s. intulit, id. Off. 3, 


y 38. 
e seducement (subs.): v. SEDUCTION. 

seducer (swbs.) : 1, corruptor : 
love, the s. of men, amor, hominum c., 
Pl. Trin. 2, 1, 14: as. of youth, juven- 
tutis c., Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7- s.s of the vestal 
virgins, vestalium virginum corruptores, 
Suet. Dom. 8, jin. 9. sollicitator 
(rare): cf. Paul. Dig. 47, 11, 1 (alienarum 
nuptiarum sollicitator): Sen. Contr. 2, 
15, med. 3. expr. by rel. clause : 
v. TO sEDUCE. Phr.: Avilius was a 
cunning s. of youth, Avilius arte quadam 
praeditus fuit ad libidines adolescentu- 
lorum excitandas accommodata, Cic. 
Clu. 13, 36. 

seducing (@dj.): v. SEDUCTIVE. 

seduction. 1. corruptéla: [speak 
of debaucheries, s.s, and adulteries, 
stupra dico et corruptelas et aduiteria, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 75: well versed in s.s 
of women, in mulierum corruptelis 
aptus, id. Verr. 2, 54, 134: cf. id. Cat. 
1, 6, 13 (quem corruptelarum illecebris 
irretisses). 9. illécébra (attraction ; 
allurement): how great was the s. for 
youth in that mam, quanta in illo fuit i. 
juventutis, ib. 2, 4, 8° V. ALLUREMENT; 
CHARM. 8, expr. by verb, TO SEDUCE. 
Phr.: what power of s., *quanta vis ad 
alliciendos homines, etc. : arts of s., artes 
ad libidines adolescentulorum excitandas 
accommodatae, id. Clu. 13, 36. 

seductive (adj.): 1, corruptrix 
(vy. rare): @ S$ province, provincia ¢., 
Cic.Q. Fr.1,1,6. 2, expr. by circuml., 
quo quis facile corrumpi; a virtute, ab 
honestate, abduci; ad prava, ad turpi- 
tudinem, duci possit: 
MISLEAD. (Illecebrosus, v. rare: PL: 
Prud.: Amm.) Phr.: Asia is a very s. 


speech, 8. atque improba oratio, Caes. | country, Asia omnibus libidinum ille- 


B. G. 1, 17, init.: s. cries, s. voces, Liv. 
6, 20, init.: to hold s. language, sedi- 
tiosa per coetus disserere, Tac. A. 3, 40, 
fin, Q, turbiilentus (riotous): @ s. 
citizen, civis t., Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 48: Ss. 
assemblies, contiones t., id. Att. 4, 3, fin. 

3. factidsus (ready to make a party) : 
vy. FactTious. Join: séditiosus ac tur- 
bilentus, id. Phil. 1, 9, 22: seditiosus ac 
tamultuosus, id. Inv. 1, 3, 4 Phr.: 
the Gauls are a s. people, Galli novis 
rebus student et ad bellum mobiliter 


cebris repleta est, Liv. 34, 4, init. 
seductively ; no single equivalent. 
Phr.: to speak and write s., * ea dicere 
et scribere, quae audientes et legentes 
corrumpant, (Kr.): v. SEDUCTIVE (2). 
sedulity 1, sédiilitas (care- 
ser ORETeay: ful endeavour, do- 
ing one’s best): a feigned kindness and 
a pretended s., fictum officium simula- 
taque s., Cic. Caecin. 5,14: I can praise 
the exertions and s. of Balbus, Balbi 
operam et s. laudare possum, Coel. in 


celeriterqne excitantur, Caes. B. G. 3, Cic. Fam. 8, 11, med. Join: sedulitas 


Io, nit. 


seditiously : 1. 


séditidsé : as- | assiduitas (unremitting exertion): 


ac diligentia, Suet. Galb. 12, fin. i 
toil 


semblies s. excited, s. conciones conci- | and s. for the state, in rempublicam 


tatae, Cic. Clu. 1,2: to say or do any- 
thing s.,s. dicere aut facere, Liv. 4, 6, 
jim.: cf, Tae. A. 3, 12, med. (turbide et 
seditiose tractareexercitus). 2, turbii- 
lenter s. turbilenté: v. TUMULTUOUSLY. 
3, turbidé: Tac. (Kr.). 4, fac- 
tidsé : v. FACTIOUSLY. 
seditiousness: *ingenium seditio- 
sum ac turbulentum; animus ad sedi- 
tiones proclivis: v. SEDITION, SEDITIOUS. 
seduce (v.): |, Zo entice, mislead : 
], tento, 1 (to tamper with): to s. 
the minds of the slaves by hope and fear, 
animos servorum spe et metu t., Cic. Clu. 
63, 176: v. TG TAMPER WITH. 9. pel- 
licio or perlicto, lexi, lectum, 3 (to in- 
weigh’: he s.d the army with presents, 
the people with corn, etc., militem donis, 
populum annona.... pellexit, Tac. A. 
E, 2: V. TO ALLURE, DECOY. 8. solli- 
eito, 1 (to tempt, to s. from allegiance) : 
to s. the slaves (from their loyalty), ser- 
Vitia s., Sall. C. 24, fim.: to s. by large 
presents, ingentibus datis s., Ov. M. 6, 
462: v. TO TEMPT, STIR BP. 4, cor- 
rumpo, tipi, ruptum, 3: tos. the soldiers, 
militesc.,Sall.J.39. 5, expr. by phr., 





labor et a., Cic. Balb. 2,6: Vv. ASSIDUITY. 
3. industria (close, unwearied appli- 
cation): V. DILIGENCE; INDUSTRY. 4, 
diligentia (careful effort): ef. Cic. de Or. 
2, 35, 150 (where diligentia is made to 
include comprehensively every kind of 
effort and earnest attention). 5, gna- 
vitas s. navitas (promptness: zeal): 
zeal and s. for the state, opera et n. in 
rempublicam, id, Fam. 10, 25, init. 
sedulous (adj.): 1. assiduus 
(unremitting): _s. and industrious 
writing, a. ac diligens scriptura, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 33, 150: the s. care of the 
gods, deorum a. cura, Liv. 1, 21, init. : 
cf. Caes. B. G. 9, 41, init. (mostros assi- 
duo labore defatigarent). 9. sédilus 
(doing one’s utmost; characterized by 
attention and effort): Cic. Br. 47, jin. 
(see the place): s. industry, s. industria, 
Col. 8,1. 8, diligens (most gen. term) : 
passim : V. ATTENTIVE, CAREFUL. 4, 
gnavus s, navus (active; zealous): a s. 
and diligent man, homo g. et industrius, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 21, 53. See also DILIGENT. 
Phr.: to be s. in any business, * in ali- 
qua re acrem et industrium se praebere: 


@ recta via, abducere (V. TO MISLIZAD) 5 | V. ACTIVE. 


720 





v. TO SEDUCE, | 





SEE 


sedulously: 14, sédiilo (for syn. 
v adj.): to do anything s., aliquid s. 
facere, cf. Cic. Clu. 21,58 V DILIGEN?LY : 
INDUSTRIOUSLY. 92. assidue (with un- 
remitting effort), industrié, diligenter : 
V. DILIGENTLY 3; CAREFULLY ; INDUS= 
TRIOUSLY 
see (subs.): sédes. Scrr. Eccl. (cf. 
Calv. Inst. 4, 6, de primatu Romanae 
sedis). 
see(v.): |, Of the use of the eyes: 
1, video, vidi, visum, 2 (most gen. 
term): in addition to a direct object in 
the acc. this word is foll. by (a) acc. 
and inf.: he saw that there was danger, 
rem in angusto esse vidit, Caes. B. G. 2, 
25, fin....(b) rel. clause: you s, what 
Fortune attends our side, quae sit rebus 
fortuna, videtis, Virg. Aen. 2, 350 see’st 
thou how Soracte stands...., vides ut 
.... Stet Soracte...., Hor. Od. 1, 9, 1. 
(c) by num = to see whether: see whether 
he have returned, vide num redierit: cf. 
Quint. 4, 2, 79. (Divisions }, c, are cases 
of dependent interrogative.) Absol. bene, 
acute, acriter, videre (to see well, keenly, 
etc.). Comp. pervideo, 2 (to see clearly : 
infreq.): to s. clearly with the eyes, 
oculis p., Hor. S. 1, 3, 25. (For to see to 
= to look after: v. SEE TO.) . VISO, 
si, sum, 3 (strictly frequent. of video: 
to look at attentively ; also, to go to see): 
to come :for the purpose of seeing (ob- 
serving), visendi causa venire, Cic. ‘Tuse. 
5, 3,9: seealsoTo visit. 3, cerno, 3, 
no perf. or sup. in this sense (£0 distin- 
guish with the eyes ; see distinctly) : the 
pupil of the eye, by means of which we s., 
acies qua cernimus, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142 : 
a great cloud of dust was seen, vis magna 
pulveris cernebatur, Caes. B. C. 2, 26, 
init. (N.B.—Oculis is frequently joined 
with cerno; ef. Lucr. 1, 269, quod ne- 
queunt oculis rerum primordia cerni.) 
4, aspicio, exi, ectum, 3 (to look at; 
used esp. in calling attention, look you) : 
the Gods s. mortals with just eyes, 
aspiciunt oculis Superi mortalia justis, 
Ov. M. 13, Jo: s. yon white, or, glitter- 
ing sky, aspice hoc sublime candens, 
Enn. in Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 4: V. TO LOOK aT. 
5, conspicio, 3: V.TO BEHOLD. 6, 
prospicio, 3 (to see from afar): my eyes 
do not s well, parum prospiciunt ocui, 
Ter. Ph. 5, 1,8: tos. Italy from the top 
of a wave, Italiam summa ab unda p., 
Virg. Aen. 6, 357: he s.s (from afar) 
three stags roaming about the beach, 
tres litore cervos p. errantes, ib. 1, 184. 
7, conspicor, 1 (to get a sight of ; 
with reference to distance): Valerius 
saw Tarquinius in the foremost line of 
the exiles, Valerius conspicatus Tar- 
quinium in prima exsulum acie, Liv. 
2, 20, init.: they saw the enemy panic- 
stricken, hostes perterritos conspicati, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 29- they saw what was 
going on in our camp, quae res in 
nostris castris gererentur conspicati, ib. 
220s 8, specto, x (to go to see as @ 
spectator at a theatre, etc.): to s. the 
games, ludos s., Hor. S. 2, 6, 48: tos. 
the prize-fighters, pugiles s., Suet. Aug. 
45, init. Phr.: not to s. so well with 
the right eye as with the left, dextro 
oculo non aeque bene uti, Nep. Han. 4: 
not to be able to be seen (be invisible), 
expr. by fugit (effugit) aliquid aciem. 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50 (opp. cadere in con- 
spectum, to be capable of being seen): 
to be able neither to s. nor to hear, 
oculis auribusque captum esse, ib. 5, 49, 
117: all were waiting to s. who would be 
so, etc., expectantibus omnibus, quisnam 
esset, cf. Plin. 9, 35,58. |], To see with 
the mind, perceive: 1, video, 2 (either 
with animo expr. or vot): I for my par 
s. the end, just as plainly as those things 
which we discern with our (bodily) eyes, 
quem exitum ego tam v. animo, quam 
ea quae oculis cernimus, Cic. Fam. 
6, 3, init.: he saw that the Aedut were 
held under the bondage of the Germans, 
Aeduos in servitute Germanorum teneri 
videbat, Caes. B. G. 1, 33: to s. the bad 
points in speaking, with greater accu- 
racy than the good points, v. acutins 
vitia in dicente quam recta, Cic. de Or. 


~ 














SEE TO 


SEEK 


SEEMLY 


ee  ———  xvxcOOmm= 


i, 25, 116. Comp. pervideo, 2 (to 8, 
clearly: rave): id, Fam. 10, 9. 9. in- 
telligo, exi, ectum, 3 (to understaru, 
become aware): I saw srom your letter 
that you...., intellexi ex tuis litteris 
te...., ib. 6, 9, 3. In answers, “ all 
right, I s.,.” may be expr. by intelligo- 
ef. Pl. Ep. 2, 2, 63: Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 93. 

8. percipio, cépt, ceptum, 3 (/o under- 
stand thoroughly): to s. anything in 
one’s mind, aliquid animo p., Cic. de Or. 
I, 28, 127, esp. in phr. (rem) perceptam 
habere: v. 10 PERCEIVE, UNDERSTAND. 
Miscell. Phr.: he unwillingly saw 
himself made a sharer in another's 
crime, invitus cogebatur alieni sceleris 
particeps fieri, Auct. Dom. 52, 135: to 
refuse to see anything, oculos ab aliqua 
re dejicere, Cic. Ph. 1,1, 1: % was with 
very painful feelings that I saw you 
part from me, periniquo patiebar animo, 
te a me digredi, Cic. Fam. 12, 18: 
already our age has seen many most 
glorious victories, jam multas claris- 
simas victorias aetas nostra vidit, Cic. 
Mil, 28, 77: O that Imay s. that day, 
when, etc., utinam eum diem videam, 
quum, etc., id. Att, 16, 11, I. 

see to (v.): 1. video, 2: let him 
s. to (the matter) himself, ipse viderit 
(observe use of pers. subj.), Cic. Att, 12, 
21,1: Statius has gone on in front to s. 
to our dinner, antecesserat Statius ut 
prandium nobis videret, id. Att. 5, 1, 3. 
Comp. provideo, 2: v. TO PROVIDE FOR. 

3. prospicio, exi, ectum, 3 (to see 
to the interests of : with dat. of indirect 
obj.): have regard for your own in- 
terests, s. to the safety of your father- 
land, consulite vobis, prospicite patriae, 
id. Cat. 4, 2, 3: I will s. to your safety, 
vestrae saluti prospiciam, Caes. B, G 
9, 50: he thought that the commissariat 
should be seen to, rei frnmentariae pro- 
spiciendum existimavit, ib, 1, 23, init. 
See also TO PROVIDE FOR. 

—, go to (v.): 1, video, 2 (so 
only in colloq. lang.): go to s. Septimius, 
and Laenas, and Statilius, Septimium 
vide et Laenatem et Statilium, Cic. Att. 
12, 14: to go to s. a man at his own 
house, domi aliquem v., Plin, Ep. 1, 5, 
8. Q, viso, si, sum, 3: J made up my 
mind to go to s. you, and dine with you, 
constitui ut te et viserem et coenarem 
etiam, Cic. Fam. 9, 23, fin.: I will not 
go to s. the wife of Pamphilus, non 
visam uxorem Pamphili, Ter. Hee. 3, 2, 
6: v. TO VISIT. 3, visito, 1 (rare): 
when Carneades had gone to s. him, etc., 
quum eum visitasset Carneades, Cic. Fin. 
5, 31, 94: togo tos. a sick man, aegrum 
quemquam v., Suet. Aug. 35. 

seed (subs.): |, That from which 
anything springs: semen, inis, n. (most 
usu. equiv. in both lit. and fig. sense): 
to sow s., s, spargere, Cic. de Sen. 15, 51: 
old s., s. vetus, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, init.: 
young or green s., 8. novellum s. viride, 
Col. (Kr.): ripe s., 8. maturum, Cato R. R. 
17, init. : s. tempestivum, Col. 3, 5, init. : 
s. is apt not to come up, s. difficulter 
animatur, Col. (Kr.).: s.s spring upfrom 
the ground, semina e terra exeunt, Plin. 
11, 30, 36: torun tos., in s. exire, Plin. 
(Kr.). Fig.: the root and s. of all evils, 
stirps ac s. malorum omnium, Cic. Cat. 
I, 12, fin.: to sow the s.s of hatreds, 
semina odiorum jacere, Tac. A. 12, 48: 
to sow the ss of a war, semina belli 


jacere, Liv. 40, 16, init.: inborn s.s of 


virtues, 8. innata virtutum, Cic. ‘Tusce. 3, 
1,2. Join: igniculiacsemina: like the 
sparks and s.s of virtues, quasi igniculi 
ac semina virtutum, id. Fin. 5, 7, 18. 
Phr.: to sow the s.s of political troubles, 
civiles discordias serere, Liv. 3, 40, jin. 
I]. Gfspring ; descendants : postéri, 
progénies, etc. : v. OFFSPRING. 
seed-corn: perh. séementis (seed 
sown : rare in this sense): when a shower 
comes, the s. of many days springs up 
in one day, ubi venit imber, multorum 
dierum s. uno die surgit, Col. 2, 8. 
(Better simply, semina, cf. Virg. G. 1, 
{935 or, perh. fruamentum ad serendum, 
ad sementes faciendas.) 
— -down: pappus: Plin. 21, 16, 





57 (semen ei lanuginis, quam pappon 
vocart). 
seed-plot: s¢minarium: v. NURSERY. 
—— -time: 1, sémentis, is, /.: 
through the middle of s., per mediam 
sementim, Col. 2, 10,ad jin.: Cato. 2, 
sationis tempus: cf. Cic. Verr. 3,47, med. 
8, tempus satis: from the ss, a 
temporibus satis, Plin. 19, 8, 40. 
-vessel; vasciilum: Plin. 15, 28, 
34,§ 115. (*Pericarpium, Linn.) 
seedling: arbor novella (any young 
tree): cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 14: also, Virg. K. 
F,AK. 
seedsman: perh. s¢minarius, which, 
though not occurring in this sense, is 
agreeable to analogy. (Or by circuml., 
seminum venditor, qui semina vendit.) 
seedy: |. Full of seed; grandsus 
= granorum plenus): s. pods, i. e. pods 
full of s., folliculi g., Plin. 21, 31, 105. 
I]. Slang term; worn out, poor and 
miserable loolcing: sordidatus, pan- 
nosus; obsoleta veste indutus (all with 
ref. to attire): v, SHABBY. Scaber ap- 
pears to bave nearly the sense of Eng. in 
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 90, scaber intonsusque. 
seeing that (quasi-conj.): 1, si- 
quidem (implies something already 
known and granted): it follows that 
vices too are equal, s. the deformities 
of the mind are rightly called vices, 
sequitur, ut etiam vitia sint paria; s. 
pravitates recte vitia dicuntur, Cic, Par. 
3, 1,adfin.: Caes. 2, quum, quéniam: 
V. SINCE. 8. quia, quod; v. BECAUSE. 
4, quanddquidem (gives a reason 
inferred from some preceding circum- 
stances): s. you praise those orators of 
yours so highiy, q. tu istos oratores 
tantopere laudas, Cic. Brut. 44, 163 (R. 
and A.). 
seek (v.): A Dranss: |. Zo 
search for: 1, quaero, sivi, or sii, 
situm, 3: you are the very person I was 
seeking, te ipsum quaerebam, ler, Heaut. 
4,8, 3: a foul s.s its food on a dung- 
heap, in sterquilinio pullus escam quae- 
rit, Phaedr. 3, 12. Also, absol.: I have 
spent my life and prime in s.ing, con- 
trivi in quaerendo vitam atque aetatem 
meam, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 15. Frequent.: 
quaerito, 1 (to seek repeatedly or con- 
stantly: not Cic.): we are seeking a 
dead man amongst the living, hominem 
inter vivos quaeritamus mortuum, PI. 
Men. 2, 1, 15: to s. hospitality from 
any one, hospitium ab aliquo q., id. 
Poen. 3, 3, 77. 2. indago, 1 (to hunt 





For): tos. the marks of the common de- 


struction, indicia communis exitii i, 
Cic. Mil. 37, 103: to seek unused paths, 
vias inusitatas i., id. Or. 3, 11: v. TO 
SEARCH FOR. _ ||, 70 endeavour to find 
or gain by any means : 1, péto, ivi, 
or ii, itum, 3: to s. safety in flight, 
salutem fuga p., Nep. Hann. 11, med. : 
to s. the first place in eloquence, elo- 
quentiae principatum p., Cic. Or. 17, 56: 
to s. to live well, bene vivere p., Hor. 
Ep. 1, 11, 29. Comps.: (1) appéto, 3 (to 
seek eagerly for): to s. the hostility of 
those in power, inimicitias potentium a., 
Cic. Mil 36, 100: to s. to be on friendly 
terms with youths, adolescentium fami- 
liaritates a., Sall.C. 14, fin. (2) expéto, 
3 (to s. earnestly): one man was by 
all demanded and sought for to conduct 
that war, unum ab omnibus ad id 
bellum deposci atque expeti, Cic. Manil. 
2,5: Italy sought help from this man 
when absent, Italia ab hoc auxilium 
absente expetivit, ib. 11, 30: cf. id. Pis. 
4, 16 (poenas ab aliquo expetere). 9. 
affecto, 1 (frequent. of afficio: to aim at 
obtaining): he sought elegance, not ex- 
travagance, munditiem non affluentiam 
affectabat, Nep. Att. 13, 5: tos. the royal 
power, regnum a., Liv. 1, 46, init.: tos. 
honour, honorem a., Sall. J. 64, med. 

3. consector, 1 (to strive after in 
both bad and good sense): to s. all the 
shadows of false glory, omnes umbras 
falsae gloriae c., Cic. Pis. 24, 57: to s. 
wealth or power, opes aut potentiam c., 
id. Off. 1,25, 86. 4, capto,1 (frequent. 
of capio; to catch at, seek to obtain): to 
s. any one’s approbation, alicujus assen- 

3 A 








sionem c., id. Inv, 1, 31, 51. to s. mercy, 
misericordiam c., id. Phil. 2, 34, 86 to 
s. pleasure, voluptatem c., id. Fin. 1, 7, 
24. 5, auciipor, 1 (lit. to go bird- 
catching ; v.rare and la‘e in this sense): 
to s. the favours of the people, populi 
favorem a., Flor. 3, 13, 1: to s.slumbers, 
somnos a., Ov. H. 13, 107 6. specto, 
1 (to be on the look-out for): what op- 
portunity of proving your bravery do 
you s.? quem locum probandae virtu- 
tis tuae spectas? Caes. B. G. 5, 44, init, 
Miscell. Phr.. to s. a livelihood, 
victum quaeritare, Ter, Andr. 1, 1, 42 
to seek any one’s interests, alicujus com- 
modis servire, Cic. Rep. 1, 4: to s. only 
one’s own interests, omnia ad utilitatem 
suam revocare, cf. id. Am. 16, 59: to s 
any one’s life, vitae alicujus insidias 
ponere, Cic. Sext. 18, 413; ins. facere, id. 
Q. Fr. 2, 3, ad fin.: insidiari capiti all- 
cujus, Curt. (Kr.): to s. any one's for- 
tune, in fortunas alicujus imminere, Cic. 
Phil: '5, 4, 20. Ill. 70 make for a 
place or person, as, I yo to s. my father : 
1, péto, 3: cranes s. hotter climates, 
grues loca calidiora p., id. N. D. 2, 49, 
125: he himself s.s that place where he 
had ordered the ships to be brought in, 
ipse eum locum p., quo haves appelli 
jusserat, Caes. B. G. 9, 60, extr. 2. 
contendo, di, sum and tum, 3 (intrans.): 
Vv. TO HASTEN, B, Intrans.: 
To make search: quaero, indigo, ete 
(usu. with obj. expressed): V¥. TO SEEK. 
||. Zo endeavour to accomplish: 

conor, contendo, tendo, etc.: Vv. TO EN- 
DEAVOUR, STRIVE. Tos, toattain: jl, 
affecto, 1: v. supr.(A.). 2, consector, 
1: tos. to obtain wealth or power, opes, 
potentiam c. Cic, Off. 1, 25, 86. v. TO 
PURSUE. 

seeker: vestigator, investigator, in- 
dagator: ¥. SEARCHER. Or expr. by 
verb: v. TO SEEK. 

seem (v.): videor, visus, 2: foll. by 
nom. in apposition or infin. mood: the 
death of those men s.s happy, illorum 
beata mors v., Cic. Am. 7, 23: Uhey &. 
(as it were) to banish the sun from the 
world, solem e mundo tollere videntur, 
ib. 13, 47. N.B—Videor is rarely im- 
personal, the personal constr. being pre- 
ferred: e.g. it seems to me that you are 
a passionate man, stomachosus esse 
videris (Kr.): rather than videtur mihi 
te (L. G. } 232, Obs.): except when 
videtur =it seems good (tibi si vide- 
bitur, villis iis utere). 

seeming (subs.): spécies: v. AP- 
PEARANCE, SHOW, SEMBLANCE. 

seeming (adj.): 1, spécidsus: v. 
PLAUSIBLE, SPECIOUS. 9. fictus (made 
up for the occasion): a s. love, amor f., 
Luer. 4, 1188. , fiicitus (painted 
in false colours): V. COUNTERFEIT. 
Phr.: as. virtue, virtutis species, Cic. 
(Kr.): a s. not a true virtue, virtus 
simulata non vera, Cic. (Vv. PRETENDED) ; 
8. joy or sorrow, *laetitiae species vultu 
praelata. 

seemingly: in spéciem; ut vidétur 
(videbatur)> v. APPARENTLY. 

seemliness: 1, d&écdrum: tat 
which the Greeks call mpérov, can be 
called in Latin decorum (or seemliness), 
id quod Graece mperov dicitur, d. diti 
Latine potest, Cic. Off. 1, 27, 93: ef. ib. 
I, 35, 126. 2, expr. by quod décet. 
¥. BECOMING, TO BE. 

seemly (adj.): 1, d&crus (either 
of external or internal becomingness) : 
veins of gold, both fit for use and s. for 
orname nt, auri venas et ad usum aptas 
et ad ornatum d., Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151: 
a s. discourse, sermo d., id. de Sen. 9, 
28: to admire nothing but what 
honourable and s., nibil nisi quod hon- 
estum d.que sit admirari, id. Off. 1, 20, 
66. Q. décens (becoming) : @ 8. gar- 
ment, amictus d., Ov. Pont 2, §, §2- ef. 
Quint. 11, 3, 156: Vv. BECOMING, 3. 
bonestus (honourable, opp. to turpis): 
v. HONOURABLE, Phr,.: to be 8.: 
décet, uit, 2 (absol. or with acc. of per- 
son): it is very s. in a speech, in oratione 
maxime decet, Cic. de Or. 3, 55,210: tf 1€ 
not at all s. for an orator to get angry 

921 


SEEMLY 


SELECT 


SELL 





oratorem irasci minime dccet, id. Tusc. 
4, 25, 55: Ter. 2. convénio, 4. (to be 
in keeping with anj given character) : 
it is not s., haw iconvenit, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 
41 (where it 1s foll. by ace. and infin.) : 
more freq. with dat.: v. rocuit. It is s. 
Jor, may frequently be translated by esé 
and gen.: it is s. for @ young man to 
reverence his elders, est adolescentis 
majores natu vereri, Cic. Off. 1, 34, 122. 

seemly (adv.): décoré, ut décet: v. 
BECOMINGLY, SUITABLY. 

seer (subs.): i.e. one who foretels 
Future events: vat-s,divinus: préphéta 
or prophétes, ae (late): v. PROPHET. 

seethe (v.): |. Trans.: fervé- 
facio, cdquo: v. TO BOIL. lI. In- 
trans.: j,. ferveo, bui, 2: v. To 
BOIL. 9, aestuo, t (to be agitated and 
vise in billows): Virg. Aen. 6, 297. 

seething (part. adj.): besides fer- 
vens, fervidus, aestuans; sometimes ae- 
cua : §. waters, freta a., Hor. Od. 2, 
7, 16. 

segment (subs.): in geometry: *(cir- 
culi) segmentum,; necessary as geom. f. t. 

segregate (v.): sécerno, ségrégo, I: 
V. TO SEPARATE. 

segregation (subs.). séjunctio, sé- 
Paratio: v. SEPARATION. 

sgigneurial: perh. déminicus (be- 
longing to a lord or proprietor), or gen. 
of dominus: v. LORD, PROPRIETOR. 

Seignior (subs.): ddminus. v. LORD, 
PROPRIETOR. 

seigniorage : perh. ddminium ; 
which as legal term denoted the right 
of property: Plin.: Gai. 

seigniorial (adj.): v. SEIGNEURIAL. 

seine (subs.): sagéna (Gr. caynvy, 
alarge fishing net for dragging): Manil. 
See also NET. 

seizable (adj.): expr. by verb: pro- 
perty which is s.,* bona quae (aeris ali- 
eni causa) capi possunt. 

seize (v.): |. To rush upon sud- 
denly and lay hold on: 1, rapio, 
ui, ptum, 3 (to seize and carry off): v. 
TO CARRY OFF. Comps.: (1.) corripio, 3 
(with no accompanying idea of carrying 
off, a3 in rapio):; he ordered the man to 
be s.d and to be hung upon a wild olive 
tree, hominem corripi et suspendi jussit 
in oleastro, Cic. Verr. 3, 23,57: tos. the 
fasces, fasces c., Sall. C. 18, fin.: fo s., 
i.e. to take up, arms, arma c., Vell. 2, 
{10, init. (2.) arripio, 3 (to lay hold of 
with eagerness and force): our men Ss. 
what arms they can jind, nostri arma 
quae possunt arripiunt, Caes. B.C. 2, 14, 
med.: v. TO SNATCH. 2. préhendo 
and syncop. prendo, di, sum, 3 (¢0 
grasp with the hand): to s. any one 
by the ears, p. aliquem auriculis, PI. 
Asin. 3, 3,78. tos.any one by the hand, 
aliquem manu p., Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 239. 
the partridge escapes the giasp of the 
fowler when just upon the point of seiz- 
ing it, perdrix aucupem jam jam pre- 
hensurum effugit, Plin. 10, 33, 51. 
Comp.: (1.) compréhendo, comprendo, 
3 (strengthened from simple verb): to 
s. with the teeth, c. mordicus, Plin. 9, 15, 
17; the pincers s. the vooth, forfex den- 
tem comprehendit, Cels. 7, 12, 1: thrice 
the phantom, s.d in vain, slipped through 
(my) hands, ter frustra comprensa ma- 
nus effugit imago, Virg. Aen. 2, 793. See 
also, TO ARREST. (2.) appréhendo, 3 (to 
take hold of ; usu. without violence): 
to s. anything with the hand, aliquid 
manu a., Pl. Am. 5, 1, 64: to s. any one 
by the cloak, aliquem pallio a., Ter. Ph. 
5,6, 23: being s.d by the soldiers, a mili- 
tibus apprehensus, Gell. 5, 14, 26. (3.) 
dépréhendo, 3 (to catch, detect): Cn. 
Magius being s.d upon the journey, 
deprehensus ex itinere Cn. Magius, Caes. 
B.C. 1, 24. fin.: to s. the letter-carriers 
and intercept the letters, tabellarios d. 
literasque intercipere, Cass. in Cic. Fam. 
12, 12, init.: they s. the ships of bur- 
den, overarias naves deprehendunt, Caes. 
B.C. 1, 36, intt. ||, Zo invade, take 
possession of by force: 1. occtipo, rt: 
to besiege and s. upon the whole of Italy, 
totam Italiam obsidere atque o., Cic. Agr. 
2. 28, 7§: to s. the cities, urbes o., Liv. 

"22 





33, 31, fin. : to s. the supreme power, tyr- | the state, viri electissimi civitatis, id. 


annidem o., Cic. Off. 3,23,90. 2, invado, 
vasi, vVasum, 3: V. TO INVADE, ATTACK. 
3. appréhendo, 3. to s. the Spains, 
Hispanias a., Cic. Att. Io, 8, init. 4. 
potior, 4: V. POSSESSION, TO TAKE. jf]. 
To apprehend; as an officer may do: 
1, compréhendo, 3: to s. so danger- 

ous an enemy, c. tam hostem capitalem, 
id. Cat. 2, 2, 3: they had s.d this mun and 
had imprisoned him, hunc illi compre- 
henderant atque in vincula conjecerant, 
ib. 4, 29, init.: to s. thieves, fures C., 
CatmO2s035; Q2, appréhendo, 3 (rare 
in this sense and late): to s. a thief, 
furem a., Ulp. Dig. 13, 7,11. Phr.: to 
s.any one’s property for debt, * bona ali- 
cujus aeris alieni causa capere: his 
goods were s.d by order of the magis- 
trate, * bona ejus ex edicto magistratus 
intercepta sunt. |Y, Of Jive, diseuses, 
emotions, etc.: 1, corripio, 3: the 
flame s.d the planks, flamma tabulas 
corripuit, Virg. Aen. 9, 537: he was 
twice s.d with illness whilst transacting 
business, morbo bis inter res agendas 
correptus est, Suet. Caes. 45, init.: to be 
s.d with pity, misericordia c., id. Calig. 
12, fin. 9, invado, si, sum, 3 (0 fall 
upon suddenly; usu. with direct acc.): 
a severe illness s.d him, eum morbus 
invasit gravis, Pl. Asin. 1, 1, 49: so 
great a panic suddenly s.d them, tantus 
repente terror eos invasit, Caes. B. C. 1, 
14, init.: grief s.s their eyes, dolor in 
oculos i., Luer. 6, 658. 3, occtpo, I: 
so great a panic s.’d all the army, tantus 
timor omnem exercitum occupavit, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 39, tnit. 4, incédo, cessi, 
cessum, 3 (constr. with dat. and some- 
times acc.): with dat.: grief s.d the 
whole army, dolor exercitui omni inces- 
sit, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: the women whom 
the fear of war had s.d, mulieres, qui- 
bus belli timor incesserat, Sall. C. 31. 
With ace.: a desire of taking Tarentum 
had s.d him, ipsum cupido incesserat 
Tarenti potiundi, Liv. 24, 13: fear s.d 
the senators, timor patres incessit, id. 1, 
17: astonishment and wonder s.d them 
all, stupor omnes et admiratio incessit, 
Just. 22, 6. 5, afficio, féci, fectum, 3 
(to affect pleasurably or painfully): to 
have been s.d with an illness, morbo 
affectum esse, Cic. Div. 1, 30, 63: the 
limbs are s.d with pain, membra dolore 
afficiuntur, Luer. 3, 495: panic s.d the 
soldiers, terror milites affecit, Tac. A. 11, 
19. Phr.: Tam s.d with a shivering 
all over, *mihi horror per membra 
currit. 

seizure (subs.): ]. The act of 
seizing or taking possession of by force: 
compréhensio: Cic. (Or expr. by verb: 
V. TO SEIZE.) Il. Fig.: the attack of 
a disease, etc. 1, tentatio: Cic. Att. 
10, 17, med. 2. modtiunciila: he was 
attacked by slight s.s in Campania, in 
Campania tentatus motiunculis levibus, 
Suet. Vesp. 24, init. Comp. commod- 
tiunctila: Cic. Att. 12, 11, extr. (Or 
expr. by verb: he died within an hour 
after his s., *intra horam unam quam 
morbo correptus erat decessit: v. TO 
SEIZE, V.). 

seldom (adv.): raré (opp. to saepe; 
most usu. word): wine is s. beneficial to 
sick men, tt is very often injurious to 
them, vinum aegrotis r. prodest, nocet 
saepissime, Cic. N. D. 3, 29,69. Comp. 
perraro (very selicm): this throw very 
s. fails, p haec alea fallit, Hor. S. 2, 5, 
50 Cic.: Vv. RARELY. 

select (v.): 1, légo, legi, lectum, 
3: to s. jurymen, judices L, Cic. Phil. 5, 
6, 16: Virg.: Ov.: v. TO PICK OUT. 
Comps. @ligo, déligo, séligo, 3: v. To 
CHOOSE. 2. excerpo, psi, ptum, 3 
(rare). to 3. a few who are the most 
eminent, paucos qui sunt eminentissimi, 
e. in animo, Quint. fo, 1, 45. 3. sé- 
cerno, crévi, tum, 3 (to separate, single 
out): cf. Suet. Aug. 94 (unum e com- 
pluribus s.). 

select (adj.): 1, lectus: s. boys, 
pueruli |., Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 120: s. 
words, verba 1., id de Or. 3, 34, 150. 
Comp.: (1.) Glectus: the most s. men of 














Quint. 2, 5: s. prize-fighters, pugiles e., 
Suet. Calig. 18, init.: s. words, verba e., 
Cic. Fin. 3, 7, fin. (2.) délectus: v. 
CHOSEN. (3.) sélectus: esp. in phr. 
the s. judges (selected by the praetor), 
judices s., Cic.. Hor. 2. exquisitus 
(carefully sought out, exquisite): s. 
words, verba e., Quint. 11, 1, 33: most s. 
words, verba exquisitissima, Cic. Phil. 
4, 3, 6. 3, eximius; égrégius; prae- 
slans: V. EXCELLENT. 

selection: |. The act of chocs- 
ing : ], délectus, is: in this kind 
of words some s. must be mace, in hoc 
verborum zenere d. est quidam haben- 
dus, Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 150: to make a 
s. in words, verbis d. adhibere, Tac. Or. 
22, init. 2. électio: a s. of words, 
verborum e., Cic, Or. 20, 68: ‘Tac. 33 
sélectio: to use no s. (make no distinc- 
tion): nulla selectione aii, Cic. Fin. 3, 
4, 12. Phr.: to make a s. (use dis- 
crimination), delectum habere, id. de 
Or. 3, 37, 1503 delectum adhibere, 
Tac. Or. 22, init. I]. 4 number of 
things seiected: 1, perh. électa, orum . 
cf. Plin. Ep. 3, 5, jim. (electorumque 
commentarios centum sexaginta mihi 
reliquit). 2. ecliga, ae (Gr. éxAoyn) i 
Varr. in Charis. 1, 21, 21 (p. 97): M. L. 
(For eclogae, Cic. has eclogarii sc. loci, 
Att. 16, 2, fin. = select passages.) 

selectness: expr. by adj.: v. SE- 
LECT. 

selenite: sélénitis, idis, 7 (Gr. ceAy- 
vitys): Plin. 347, 10, 67. 

self: sui, sibi, se (sese): Vv. HIMSELF, 
HERSELF, ete. Phr.: a friend is a kind 
of second s., amicus est tanquam alter 
idem, Cic. Am. 21, 80. 

selfish: no single equiv.: expr. by 
circl. : 1. qui omnia sua causa facit; 
qui nibil alterius causa facit, Cic. (Kr.). 

2. qui suis commodis omnia meti- 

tur, Cic. (Kr.), Phr.: to be influenced 
by s. motives, sua cupiditate non utili- 
tate communi impelli, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 
19, 63; *ad suum fructum [ad suam 
utilitatem} referre omnia (R. and A.): 
without any s. motive, suorum commo- 
dorum oblitus; nulla utilitate quaesita 
(R. and A.). 

selfishly: no single equiv.: expr. 
by circl.- he acted s. in this matter, 
*hoc propter sui commodi studium 
fecit; *ad suam utilitatem hoc retulit. 
Phr.: to bes. seeking one’s own aggran- 
disement under the masle of patriotism, 
bonum publicum simulantem pro sua 
potestate certare, Sall. C. 38, fin. 

sell (v.): |. “Pranis: R 
vendo, didi, ditum, 3 (gen. term): to s. 
for more or less, Vv. pluris aut minoris, 
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51. For similar phrr., as 
to s.at a high or a low price, see L. G. 
§ 281: Caesar sold into slavery a whole 
section of that town, sectionem ejus 
oppidi universam Caesar vendidit, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 33, fin. Fig.: when you had 
sold yourself to king Cottus for 300 
talents, quum te trecentis talentis regi 
Cotto vendidisses, Cic. in Pis. 34, 84: 
this man solid his country for gold, ven- 
didit hic auro patriam, Virg. Aen. 6, 
621. Frequent. vendito, 1 (to offer for 
sale over and over again, to try to s.): 
he is trying to s. his estate at Tusculum, 
to buy if he can the house of .., Tuscue- 
lanum venditat ut, si possit, emat.... 
domum, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 8: he vas try- 
ing to s. his fisheponds for a large sum 
of money, piscinas grandi aere vendi- 
tabat, Col. &, 16, 5. Comp. divendo (to 
s. in lots: rare): to s. in lots the pro- 
perty of the Roman people, bona populi 
Romani divendere, Cic. Agr. 1, 3, 7° 
their goods having heen sold in lots, 
bonis eorum divenditis, Tac. A. 6, 17. 

2. venundo, dedi, datum, 1 (chiefly 

of the sale of captured slaves): the Nu- 
midian adults were put to death, all the 
vest were sold for slaves, Numidae pu- 
beres interfecti, alii omnes venundati, 
Sall. J.g1. to s. prisoners under the law, 
captivos sub lege venundare, Suet. Aug. 
21,ad fin. Fig.: to s. a sentence, sen- 
tentiam venundare, Tac. A. II, 22, ext 








SELLER 





8, véneo, ivi and ii, itum, 4; also 
venum €o (as pass. correl. to vendo, to go 
for sale, be sold): the slaves, the furni- 
ture, the farms, and the house will be 
sold, servi, supellex, fundi, aedes veni- 
bunt, Pl. Men. 5, 9, 96: he answered 
that he had rather be robbed by a fellow- 
citizen, than sold by an enemy, respondit 
se a cive spoliari malle quam ab hoste 
venire, Quint. 12, 1, 43. 4, distraho, 
xi, ctum, 3; like divendo (to s. by retail 
or in lots) : to s. stock (furniture) in lots, 
instrumentum distrahere, Suet. Calig. 39: 
tos. fields in lots, agros distrahere, lac. A. 
6, 17. 5, submoveo, moévi, motum, 2 
(to get rid of by s.ing off): to s. off 
sheep, oves submovere, Col. 7, 3, 14: cf. 
Ay; A, 3. |]. Intrans.: véneo, 4 
(also as two words, vénum eo): because 
the rare bird will s. for gold, quia 
veneat auro rara avis, Hor. 5. 2, 2, 25: 
at what prices do pigs s.? quibus pretiis 
porci veneunt? Pl. Men. 2, 2, 15. In 
the same sense occurs also esse (lit. to be 
at such a price): salt was s.ing at the 
sizth of an as, sextante sal fuit, Liv. 
29, 37, init. ; cf. Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 20 (quanti 
servus est). 

seller (subs.): 1. venditor (gen. 
term): that the buyer may not be ignor- 
ant of anything which the s. knew, ut 
ne quid quod v. novit, emptor ignoret, 
GiesOW. 3, 12, 51. Q. auctor (legal 
term denoting the person guaranteeing 
the right of possession or title to the 
thing sold) : which they had bought from 
aman who had no right to be a s., quod 
a malo auctore emissent, Cic. Verr. 5, 
22, 56: cf. id. Caec. 10, 27 (P. Caesennius 
auctor fundi). 3. use imperf. part. 
of vendo, not however in nom.: v. £.G. 


38. 

selling (subs.): venditio: v. Saxe. 

selvage: perb. ora extrema (vesti- 
menti, panni, textilis). 

semblance (subs.): 1, imago, 
inis, f.: v. DMAGE. 2. simiilacrum : 
s.s of battles, i.e. sham-fights, pugna- 
Tum s., Liv. 41, 28, fin.: v. RESEM- 
BLANCE. 8. umbra (a mere deceitful 
shadow): to suffer slavery under the 
8. of a just treaty, sub umbra foederis 
aequi servitutem pati, Liv. 8, 4, init. : 
to pursue the s.s of false glory, umbras 
falsae gloriae consectari, Cic. Pis. 24, 57. 

semi-barbarous (a@4j.): semibar- 
barus: he recetved certain of the s. Gauls 
into the senate, quosdam e semibarbaris 
Gallorum in curiam recepit, Suet. Caes. 


7, fin. : 
semicircle (subs.) < 1, hemi- 
eyclus: Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 33: also hemi- 


cyclium: Vitr. 9, 7 (8), 3: Cic. 2, 
sémicirculus : Cels. 7, 26, 2. 
semicircular (adj.): 1, sémi- 
circiilus: as. field, agers., Col. 5, 2, 8. 
2, sémicirciilatus: Cels. 7, 26, 2. 
seminal (adj.): s€minialis, e: Col. 
seminary (subs.): v. scHooL, (N.B. 
Seminarium = a nursery garden.) 
semitone: 1, semitonium: Macr, 
8. Scip. 2, 1, extr. (= dimidius tonus, ib. 
ulo supr.) 2, bemitonium (= Gr. 
nperoviov): Vitr. 5, 4. 3- 
semivowel: sémivocalis (the se- 
Mivowels were, according to the old 
marians, seven: f, 1, m, n, r,s, X): 
int. 1, 4, 6 (eas in semivocalium nu- 
merum mutarumque partiri): Prise. 
sempiternal (adj.): sempiternus: 
V. ETERNAL, EVERLASTING. 
senate (subs.): 1, séniatus, iis, m. 
(lit. the council of the elders): unless 
these ities (wisdom, reason, deter- 
mination) had been in old men, our 
ancestors would not have given their 
council the name of s., quae 
(consilium, ratio, sententia) nisi essent 
in senibus, non summum concilium ma- 
jores nostri appellassent s., Cic. de Sen. 
6,19: to summon a s., senatum vocare, 
Liv. 3, 383 s. convocare, Cic. Sull. 23, 
65: a decree of the s., senatus con- 
sultum (S. C.), Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 3: to 
hold a meeting of the s., senatum 
habere, Cic. Fam. 1, 4, ad init.: to 
dismiss the s., s. dimittere, ib. 1, 42; to 
grant an audience of the s. to any one, 


SEND FOR 


senatum dare alicui, id. Q. Fr. 2, 12: 
a full meeting of the s., frequens s., 
id. de Or. 3, 25: the s. of the Aedui, 
Aeduorum s., Caes. B. G. 1, 31. a 
patres (pl. used collectively): the decrees 
of the s., patrum consulta, Hor. Ep. 1, 
16, 41. 3, meton.: ciria (strictly, 
the building, the senate house): in a 
crowded meeting of the s., frequenti 
curia, Liv. 2, 23: Suet.: to be present 
at a meeting of the s., curiae interesse, 
Suet. Aug. 38. 

senate-house: ciria: Liv. 1, 30, 
init.: Ov. 

senator: 1, sénator: passim. 2, 
gen. term for the whole body of assembled 
senators, esp. in addressing the senate : 
patres conscripti: Sall. C. 51, init. : Cic. 

s. Phr.: to become a senator, in 
senatum venire, Cic. Flac. 18, 42: or by 
fig. of speech, latum clavum induere, 
Suet. Aug. 38: to lose the rank of s., 
nomen senatorium amittere, Cic. Flac. 
18, 43. 

cavatarial (adj.): stnatorius: the s. 
order, ordo s., Caes, B. C. 1, 23: 8. rank, 
s. gradus, Cic. Manil. 21, 61: @ s. bench, 
consilium s., Cic. Verr. 2, I, 2, 4: the s. 
age, s. aetas, Gell. 

send: |. To throw, hurt: mitto, 
misi, missum, 3: to s. (let fly) javelins, 
pila m., Caes. B.C. 3, 93: Ov.: v. TO 
THROW, HURL, I]. To cause to be con- 
veyed, despatch; both of persons and 
things: 1, mitto, 3: they sent am- 
bassadors to him to treat about sur- 
render, legatos de deditione ad eum 
miserunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 27: e& pass. 
See also SEND BACK, SEND FoR, etc. Q, 
légo, 1 (to send on public business as an 
ambassador): they sent an honourable 
and noble man as a deputation to 
Apronius, hominem honestum ac no- 
Dilem legarunt ad Apronium, Cic. Verr. 
3, 48, 114: whom the Athenians had sent 
to Rome as ambassadors to the senate, 
quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum 
legaverant, Gell. 7, 14. (N.B—To expr. 
English to send in sense of sending news 
by letter, use scribere or comp., he s.s 
word that he will quickly set out with 
the legions, in literis scribit se cum le- 
gionibus profectum celeriter fore, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 48.) 

send across; transmitto, 3: the ca- 
valry is speedily sent across, equitatus 
(trans flumen) celeriter trausmittitur, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 61: the cohort of the 
Usipii was sent across to Britain, cohors 
Usipiorum in Britanniam transmissa est, 
Tac. Agr. 28, init.: v. TO TRANSPORT. 

— against: immitto, 3: the ca- 
valry having been sent against the 
Aedui, in Aeduos equitatu immisso, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 40. Liv. 

— away: 1, dimitto, 3 (to 
allow to go): to s. a person into very 
distant lands, aliquem in ultimas terras 
d., Cic. Sull. 20, 57: he sent away Attius 
safe, Attium incolumem dimisit, Caes. 
B.C. 1, 18, med. 9, ablégo (to send 
away, to remove): to s. cattle from the 
meadow, pecus a prato ab., Varr. R. R. 
I, 47: to s. any one out of the house, 
aliquem foras ab., Pl. Mil. 3,2,55. 8. 
rélégo, 1 (to banish): to s. citizens so 
Jar from home, cives procul ab domo r., 
Liv. 9, 26, init.: they s. the bulls into 
solitary pastures, tauros in sola relegant 
pascua, Virg. G. 3,212. 4, amando, 1 
(to send away authoritatively): he sends 
away the man. Whither? Perhaps to 
Lilybaeum, amandat hominem. Quo? 
Lilybaeum fortasse, Cic. Verr. 5, 27, 69: 
id. R. Am. 15, 44. 

— back: rémitto, 3: J have sent 
back the book to you, tibi librum re- 
misi, Cic. Att. 9, 9, 3: he ss back the 
hostages, obsides remittit, Caes. B. G. 
3, 8, fin. 

— for: 1, arcesso, ivi, itum, 3: 
they were sent for from the plough to 
become consuls, ab aratro arcessebantur 
qui consules fierent, Cic. R. Am. 18, 50: 
he sends for Gabinius, Gabinium ac- 
cersit, Sall. C. 40, jin. (N.B.—This spell- 
ing seems peculiar to Sallust: ef. id. J. 
62.) Q. ciéo, civi, citum, 2 (to sum- 


emittere, Suet. Claud. 
thunderbolts, fulmina emittere, Cic. Div. 





SENSATION*® 

mon by name): troops are sent for 
Jrom the reserves, ab subsidiis cietur 
miles, Liv. 9, 39: he demands that Nar- 
cissus be sent Jor, cleri Narcissum pos- 
tulat, Tac. A. 11, 30. 3, accio, civi, 
citum, 4: but I will s. for the boys, ego 
vero acciam pueros, Cic. Att. 5, 1, med: 
to s. all the bravest men, fortissimum 
quemque accire, Sall. J. 84, med.: cf. 
Lucr. 5, 994 (horriferis accibant vocibus 
Orcum): v. TO SUMMON. 

send forth: 1. @mitto, 3: no one 
is sent forth to forage, nemo pabulatum 
emittitur, Caes. B. C, 1, 81, fin.: tos. J. 
leaves, folia emittere, Plin. 18, 20, 49. 
to s. f., i. e. publish, a book, librum 
33. fin.: & 5. 


2, 19, fin. 2. Gicio, 3; and frequent 
éjecto, 1 (to cast forth; as a volkano 
does) : V. TO CAST FORTH. 

— forward: praemitto, 3: Caesar 
had sent forward the legions into Spain, 
Caesar in Hispaniam legiones praemi- 
serat, Caes. B. C. 1, 39: Sall. 

—in 1. immitto, 3: to «. 

or into tauiers to rob the shrine, 
servos fanum ad spollandum im., Cic. 
Verr. 4, 45, 101: slaves were sent into 
our houses with torches, servi in nostra 
tecta cum facibus immissi, id. Att. 14, 
10, init. Q. intromitto, misi, missum, 
3 (rare): Caesar sends the legions into 
the town, Caesar legiones in oppidum 
intromittit, Caes. B. G. 7, 11, fin. 

— im place of: submitto, 3 (very 
rare in this sense): will you not send 
some one in his place? buic vos non 
submittetis, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 8. (Or 
expr. by circuml.: v. INSTEAD OF.) 

— round: circummitto, 3: & s. 
embassies, legationes c., Caes. B. G. 4, 
63: he sent round boats, scaphas cir- 
cummisit, Liv. 29, 25, med. 

— secretly: submitto, 3: that 
man secretly sent Timarchides, sub- 
mittebat iste Timarchidem, Cic. Verr. 3, 
28, 69. 

— up: 1. submitto, 3: the earth 
ss up (shoots up) flowers, submittit 
tellus flores, Lucr. 1, 8 (not Cic. in this 
sense): tos. up cohorts to the relief of 
cavalry, cohortes equitibus praesidio 
{auxilio] s., Cic. B. G. 5, 58. 2. sub- 
ministro, 1: Vv. TO SUPPLY. 

sender (subs.): expr. by verb: v. To 
SEND. 

sending (subs.): missio- concerning 
the s. of letters, de litterarum m., Cic, 
Att. 1, 5, ad init.: or expr. by verb: 
V. TO SEND. 

senile (adj.): sénilis, e: s. foolish- 
ness, stultitia s., Cic. de Sen. 11, 36: a 8, 
mind, animus s., Liv. 10, 22: Vv. AGED. 

senility (subs.): sénium, sénectus: 
V. OLD AGE. Or expr. by séuilis: this ts 
downright s., *sunt haec senilis ac paene 
delirantis aetatis: v. DOTAGE. 

senior (adj.): j. Literally, more 
advanced in age: natu major: who was 
Plautus’s s., qui fuit major n. quam 
Plautus, Cic. Tusc. 1,1, 3: J have heard 
Srom my 828, i.e. those of a preceding 
generation, audivi ex majoribus n., 
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109. Also without natu; 
the s. of two sons, ex duobus fillis m., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 108: v. o“p (I. 2). i. 
In technical sense, only pl. : the seniors, 
stnidres: opp. juniores, Liv. 1, 43 (cen- 
turiae seniorum Juniorumque): Cic.: 
Hor. (N.B.—Not used in sense L.) 

seniority (subs.): no exact equiv. : 
perh. aetatis privilégium, when primo- 
geniture is meant: cf. Just. 2, 10, 2. 
Phr.: according to s., *ut quisque natu 
maximus [natu maximo) est, erat. 

senna (subs.): *cassia senna: Linn. 
se’nnight: Vv. WEEK. 

sensation: |. Am impression con- 
veyed by the senses: sensus, Os (more 
freq. in sense II.): a bodily &., corporis 
s., Lucr. 2, 435: an agreeable or painful 
s., voluptatis, doloris s., Cie. N. D. 3, 13, 
32. (Or expr. by verb; *quod sentitur 
sensibus percipitur: v. TO FEEL, PER- 
CEIVE.) |, The faculty of sensation: 
sensus: V. SENSE, PERCEPTION. Phr.: 
to be without s., nihil sentire, Liv. 42, 165 

723 


SENSATIONAL 


SENTENCE 


SENTIMENTALITY 





of a limb benumbed, torpere, Suet. Aug. 
80 (frigore torpens digitus): to lose s., 
torpescere, Plin. 11, 37, 893 more freq. 
obtorpescere : v. INSENSIBLE. Wl. 4 
striking impression: Phr.: to make a 
S., conspici (to attract attention, draw 
all eyes): cf. Liv. 5, 23, maxime con- 
spectus ipse est, curru albis equis juncto 
in urbem invectus: or expr. by stupére, 
stupefacere: etc.: who ts it that creates a 
8. ? quem stupefacti intuentur dicentem? 
Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 53: what a s. he pro- 
duces by his delivery of these lines, *hos 
versus agendo quantopere animos au- 
dientium commovet; *hi quum aguntur 
versus ut audientium animi commo- 
ventur atque stupescunt ! 
sensational: |. In phil. sense, 
the s. theory, *doctrina ea quae omnia 
ad corporis sensus refert. I]. Calcu- 
lated to produce a striking effect: expr. 
by circuml.: v. SENSATION (IIL). 
sensationalists: perh. *seusnales ; 
qui omnia ad corporis sensus referunt, 
Tevocant. 
sense (swbs.): |, Faculty or power 
which external objects are perceived ; 
sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste: sensus, 
us, m.: the s. of sight, hearing, etc., 
8. oculorum, aurium, Cic. Tuse. 5, 38, 
111 ; also, cernendi, audiendi, id. de Or. 
2, 89, 357: which can be perceived neither 
by the eyes nor by the ears, nor by any 
$., quod neque oculis, neque auribus, 
neque ullo sensu percipi potest, cf. id. de 
Or. 2, 8, 33. 
sight, hearing, oculis, auribus captus, id. 
Tusc. 5, 49,117. |], Perception by the 
senses. sensation : sensus: V. SENSATION. 
II]. Understanding, soundness of the 
Faculties, sound judgment : 1, sensus 
(rare in this sense): whom success has 
deprived of common s., quibus fortuna 
sensum communem abstulit, Phaedr. 1, 
4, 4: (concerning the precise import of 
this phr. in earlier writers, see Sir W. 
Hamilton’s Reid, p. 758, b.): to have no 
s. (to be out of one’s mind), sensum non 
habere, Ulp. Dig. 24, 3, 22, § 7. 2. 
prudentia: v. PRUDENCE. 3, mens, tis, 
Sf.: V. INTELLECT. Phr.: does he seem 
to you to be in his senses? num tibi 
videtur esse apud sese? Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 
85: tf this man were in his s.s, si hic 
mentis suae esset, Cic. Pis. 21, 50: if 
you had been in your s.s, si tuae mentis 
compos fuisses, ib. 20, 48: are you in 
your s.s? penes tees? Hor.S. 2, 3, 273: 
satin’ sanus es? Ter. Andr. 4, 4, 10: cf. 
maD (I., Phr.): to be out of one’s ss, 
mente captum esse, id. Acad. 2, 17, 53: 
ef. mentis inops, Ov. H. 15, 139. IV. 
HMeaning, signification: 1, sententia: 
the s. of the law, legis s., Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 
II: V. MEANING (I. 1).  Q, sensus, is: 
nor could the s. of the will be gathered, 
nec testamenti potuit s. colligi, Phaedr. 
4,5, 19: words with two s.s, verba duos 
s. significantia, Quint. 6, 3, 485 cf. id. 
8, 2,20. 3, voluntas (spirit as opp. to 
mere letter, verba): Quint. 7, Io, 6: v. 
MEANING, TO MEAN. 
sensible (aqdj.): |, Capable of mak- 
ing an impression on the senses: 1, sen- 
sibilis, e: (rare: not in Cic.): (voice) s. to 
the organ of hearing, auditui sensibilis, 
Vitr.5,3,6:Sen. Q, expr. by circuml., 
s. objects, quae sub (quemqne) sensum 
cadunt; quae sub sensus subjecta sunt, 
Cic. (Nizol.) : all such things are s. by 
us, omnia talia sensum movent, Cic. 
(Nizol.). |], Capable of receiving im- 
pressions through the senses : 1, sen- 
silis, e (v. rare): Lucr. 2, 888. ON. 
expr. by sentio, si, sum, 4: to be s. of 
heat and cold, calorem et frigus sentire, 
Lucr. 1, 49]: V. TO FEEL. II. Zxtel- 
ligent, Crscerning, judicious: 1, pri- 
dens, ntis (sagacious): who more s., or 
better acquainted with law? quis in- 
genio prudentior, quis jure peritior? 
Cic. Clu. 38, 107. Nep. Join: per- 
acutus [acutus]} et prudens, id. Or. 5, 18. 
2. aciitus, péracitus: v. SHREWD. 
8. intelligens, ntis, (referring rather 
to matters of criticism or higher culti- 
vation): Cic. Fin. 3, 5, ext. (doctus et 
intelligens vir). 
124 


Phr.: deprived of the s. of | f. (G 





sensibly: |, Soas to be perceived: 
expr. by circuml., *quod [ita ut) sentiri 
s. sensibus percipi possit. Sometimes = 
MANIFESTLY, q. V. I]. In @ sensible 
or intelligent manner: 1, pridenter: 
he defended his opinions very acutely 
and s., sententias suas acutissime pru- 
dentissimeque defendit, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 
150. Q, aciité, péracité: v. ACUTELY, 
SHREWDLY. 3, callidé (in a knowing 
manner, as one experienced): v. SKIL- 
FULLY, SHREWDLY, CLEVERLY. 

sensitive: |. Capable of sensa- 
tion: sensilis: v. SENSIBLE (II.). I. 
Possessing acute sensibility: 1, perh. 
mollis (an epith. usu. implying a wunt 
of sufficient firmness ard manliness) : 
ef. Cic, Att. 1, 17, 1, quam mollis animus 
et ad accipiendam et ad deponendam 
offensionem (how extremely s.; ready 
both to take offence and to forgive): so, 
molle os, denotes a countenance easily 
blushing: Ov. Tr. 4, 3,70. So, agilitas 
mollitiesque naturae, Cic. 1. c., denotes 
@ sensitive disposition. 2. simly., 
téner: cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 21, fin., teneriore 
animo mihi videbare (sensitive to weak- 
NE€SS). 

sensitively: perh. molliter; nimia 
animi agilitate ac mollitia: v. preced. 
art., fin. 

sensitiveness: mollitia: cf. Cic. 
Sull. 6, 18, qua mollitia sum animi ac 
lenitate: v. SENSITIVE (IL.). 

sensitive-plant : aeschynoméné, és, 
GY. aigyuvvouevn): Plin. 24, 17, 102. 
(* Mimosa pudica, Cycl.) 

sensual: |. Relating to the senses : 
* quod ad sensus attinet; quod sensus 
movet, etc.: Vv. SENSE. Il. Given to 
bodily enjoyment : 1, expr. by vo- 
luptas, voluptates: both sing. and pl., 
but esp. the latter, being used with most 
frequent reference to sensual enjoyment : 
ef. Cic. Sen. 12, carere voluptatibus.... 
quod est in adolescentia vitiosissimum ; 
the reference is made more explicit by 
the addition of corporis: cf. ib. paulo 
infr., Dullam capitaliorem pestem quam 
corporis voluptatem (sensual pleasure): 
to be a s. person, voluptatibus (corporis 
voluptati) servire, inservire, deditum 
esse (V. DEVOTED, TO BE): still stronger, 
in voluptates (flagitia) se ingurgitare, 
cf. Cic. in Pis. 18, 42 (to enter heart and 
soul into a s. life). So expr. by libido, 
libidines: v. LUST, SENSUALITY. 2A 
voluptarius: @ s., luxurious, and effe- 
minate philosophy, v., delicata, mollis 
disciplina, Cie. Fin. 1, 11, 373 ef. id. de 
Or. 3, 25,99, Sensus ex omnibus maxime 
v. [gustatus], the most purely s. sense. 

8. luxiridsus: ¥. Luxurious. 4, 

asOtus (Gr. aowros utterly vicious and 
profligate): only as subs.: Cic. Fin. 2, 
7, 22. 

sensualist: 1. homo voluptarius: 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 7, 18, where the term is 
applied to Epicurus, as advocate of 
enjoyment as the chief good. 2, asdtus 
(Gr. adowtos’ v. rare: denotes one whose 
life ts utterly profligate) : Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 
22. 8, homo luxiiridsus, libidindsus, 
voluptatibus deditus: v. sensuat (1L.), 
LICENTIOUS. To bea s., voluptatibus in- 
servire, in voluptates se ingurgitare, 
etc.: v. SENSUAL (If. 1). See also 
GLUTTON, DEBAUCHEE. 

sensuality: 1, corporis voluptas, 
voluptates; or simply, voluptates: v. 
SENSUAL (II. 1): also, corporis gaudia, 
Sall. Jug. 2 (but in preced. chap., cor- 
poris voluptates, which is the more 
usual expr.). 9. libido: v. LICcEN- 
TIOUSNESS, 
(the belly symbolizing the lower appetites, 
chiefly, gluttony): v. GLUTTONY. So 
abdomen, inis, ”.: Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 7. 

sensually: 1, luxtridsé: Cic. 
Coel. 6 (cum libidinosis luxuriose vivere) : 


Sall. 2. libidindsé : Cic.: Liv.: v. 
LICENTIOUSLY. 3, voluptarié (rare) : 
Apul. Pbhr.: s. inclined, * (animus) in 


voluptates propensior: v. SENSUALITY, 
sentence (subs.) : |. Determina- 
tion or decision as of a judge: either 
civil or criminal : 1, judicium (sen- 
tence of a judge): such misfortunes 





8. meton. venter, tris, m. | 


have happened to many of the bravest 
and best of men by unjust s.s, multis 
fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis 
j. tales casus incidisse, Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 
med.: tf the s. of the senate ought to be 
observed, 8i senatus j. observari oporteret, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 45. 2. sententia: they 
said that they could not- pronounce the 
s. safely, negaverunt se posse s. tuto 
dicere, Cic, Att. 4, 1, 2, init.: M. Cato, 
the judge, pronounced the s., M. Cato, 
judex, sententiam dixit, id. Off. 3, 16, 
66. 3, arbitrium (strictly, the decision 
of an arbitrator: hence in wider sense 
of any decisive sentence): when Minos 
shall have passed his august s. wpon you, 
cum de te splendida Minos fecerit arbi- 
tria, Hor. Od. 4,7, 21: topass s., arbitria 
agere, Liv. 24, 45, med. 4, décrétum 
(esp. a decree or decision of the senate): 
Caes. B. C. 3, 21: Cic. Mur. 13, fin. (re- 
sponsa et decreta). Il. 4 mazim: 
sententia: Vv. MAXIM, Ul]. 4 short 
paragraph, a period in writing : iff 
sententia (usu. referring rather to the 
thought than the form): whilst I argue 
briefly about each s., dum de singulis 3, 
breviter disputo, Cic. Phil. 13, 10, 22: 
the beginnings and ends of s.8, initia et 
clausulae seutentiarum, Quint. 9, 3, 45. 
2. sensus, Us (not so in Cic.): 

every s. has its own end: omnis s. suum 
finem habet, Quint. \9, 4, 61: it is much 
the best to end a s. with a verb, verbo s. 
claudere multo optimum est, id. 9, 4, 26. 

sentence (v.): 1, damno, con- 
demno, I: Vv. TO CONDEMN. 2. indico, 
xi, ctum, 3 (to award judicially ; with 
dat. of person): to s. to the payment of 
a fine, multam (alicui) ind., Plin. 18, 3, 
3: he (virtually) s.d the people to star- 
vation, populo famem indixit, Suet. Cal. 
26, extr. 3. addico, 3 (¢o assign over 
to another judicially): to s. a free per- 
son to slavery, liberum corpus in servi- 
tutem a., Liv. 3, 56, med.: cf. Caes. B. C. 
z, 18, bona alicujus in publicum a. (sen- 
tence Be confiscution). See also preced. 
art. (1.). 

sententious: 1, sententidsus (full 
of meaning, pithy): Cic. Br. 95, 325 
(genus dicendi s. et argutum, s. and 
lively). 2. by circuml, sententiis 
fréquentatus: Cie. l.c. So, rerum fre- 
quentia [sententiis] creber, id. de Or. 
2, 13,56. — 

sententiously : sententidsé: ridi- 
culous things are often said s., saepe s. 
ridicula dicuntur, Cic. de Or. 71, 286. 

sentient (adj.): piatibilis, e: to 
have a s. nature, naturam p. habere, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 12, init. (Or expr. by 
verb: sentire: v. TO FEEL. 

sentiment (subs.): |. Thoughts 
prompted by passion or feeling: 1, 
sensus, is: in appealing to the feelings 
of the judges, 1 myself should be in- 
Jluenced by the very s. to which T wished 
to bring them, ipse in commovendis 
judicibus ad quos illos adducere vellem, 
iis ipsis s. permoverer, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 
189: there is no s. of humanity in you, 
nullus in te s. humanitatis, Cic. Verr. 2, 
I, 18, 47: the common S.s of humanity, 
communes sensus hominum, id. de Or. 
2, 16, 68: cf. Hor. S. 1, 3, 66. 2. 
Opinio: PERSUASION, OPINION. _ [], Deci- 
sions of the mind, opinion: 1, sensus: 
his s.s about public affairs pleased me 
greatly, valde mihi placebat s. ejus de 
republica, Cic. Att. 15, 7: this speech 
was at complete variance with our s.s, 
haec oratio longe a nostris s. abhorrebat, 
id. de Or. 1, 18, 83. 2. sententia: 
(way of thinking): as ye have wished 
to be made acquainted with my s.s, 
quoniam sententiae [atque opinionis 
meae] voluistis esse participes, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 37, Jin.: the old man’s s.s about 
the marriage, senis s. de nuptiis, Ter. 
Andr. 1, 3, 2. 

sentimental (adj.) : sometimes, flé- 
bilis: s. comedy, *comoedia flebilis, 
Nigels. p. 321 (=—Fr. comédie lar- 
moyante). Sometimes mollis, mollior, 
may serve: cf. Ov Tr. 2, 307, versus 
molles (soft and effeminate, licentious). 

sentimentality: Kr. gives, animi 












SENTINEL 





v. EFFEMINATE, Phr,: to indulge 
in s., *nimis flebilt (scribendi, cogitand)) 
rationi indulgere. 
sentinel: _1. vigil, ilis (gen. term): 
a shout is raised by the s.s and guardians 
of the temple, clamor a vy. fanique custo- 
dibus tollitur, Cic, Verr. 4, 43, 94: he 
forbad the s.s to carry a shield whilst om 
guard, vigiles scutum in vigiliam ferre 
vetuit, Liv. 44, 33, ad jin. < cf. Suet. Aug. 
30, init. (adversus incendia, excubias 
nocturnas vigilesque p e. fire-brigade} 
commentus est). . abstr. for con- 
crete, vigilia (lit. the watch, i. e. those 
standing on guard, watchmen, sentinels) : 
s.8 guard your house and person, vigiliae 
tuum corpus domumque custodinnt, Cic. 
Mil. 25, 67: to place s.s about the city, 
vigilias per urbem disponere, Liv. 39, 
14, fin.: ef. Caes. B. C. 1, 21, med. 3 
exctibitor (by night) : these were held at 
night by s.s and strong guards, haec 
noctu excubitoribus ac firmis praesidiis 
tenebantur, Caes. B. G. 7, 69, exti.: 
used of a dog: what s. can be found 
more vigilant? quis e. inveniri potest 
vigilantior? Col. 7, 12, 1. 4, statio 
(also collect. term): to have s.s (picquets) 
at intervals, stationes dispositas 
habere, Caes. B. G. 5, 16: s.s being sta- 
ticned along the banks of the Tiber, 
disposita statione per ripas Tiberis, Suet. 
Tib.72,init. §, exciibiae, arum, /. pl. : 
(also collect., denoting generally the sen- 
tinels placed before the palace as guards 
of honour: strictly = excubitores, v. 
supr.): to pass the s.s, excubias transire, 
Tac. A. 14, 44, med.: received within the 
barricade, he passed the night amongst 
the s.s, receptus intra vallum, inter ex- 
cubias pernoctavit, Suet. Claud. 10, ad fin, 
sentry: Phr.: to be on s., in sta- 
tione esse: v. GUARD: cf. preced. art. 
separable (adj.): 1, dividuus (that 
can be divided into separate parts) : 
every animal must be s., and can be 
broken up into component parts, omne 
animal et dividuum et dissolubile sit 
necesse est, Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 29: from a 
s. matter which ts produced in our bodies, 
ex materia quae corporibus dividua gig- 
nitur, Cic. Tim. 7, init. 2. sépara- 
bilis, e: (that can be disjoined or dis- 
connected from some other thing): nor 
is it (that force) s. from the body, nec 
eam vim) separabilem a corpore esse, 
Tusc. 1, 10, 21. 
separability; expr. by separari s. 
dividi posse: v. TO SEPARATE. 
separate (v.): |. 70 part asunder 
physically, esp. in topography : 1 
separo, 1: all Germany is s.d from the 
Gauls, Rhaetians, and Pannonians by 
the rivers Rhine and Danube, Germania 
omnis a Gallis, Rhaetis, et Pannoniis 
Rheno et Danubio fluminibus separa- 
tur, Tac. G. 1, init.: Phocis s.s the Ao- 
nians from the Vetaean fields, separat 
Aonios Oetaeis Phocis ab arvis, Ov. M. 
1, 313: @ strait s.s Sestos from the city 
of Abydos, Seston Abydena separat urbe 
fretum, Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 28 (but the use of 
separo with a simple all. is poet.: ct. 
Lucan 4, 75). in the narrow parts 
themselves of the strait which s.s Europe 
and Asia, in ipsis Europam Asiamque 
separantis freti angustiis, Plin. 9, 15, 20 
(it is used here with the simple acc.) : 
all the cavalry of the Thessalians had 
been s.d, omnis Thessalorum equitatus 
separatus erat, Liv. 42, 55, jin. Bh. 
divido, visi, visum, 3: the river Gar- 
umna s.s the Gauls from the Aquitani, 
the Matrona and Sequana from the 
Belgae, Gallos ab Aquitanis Garumna 
flumen, a Belgis Matrona et Sequana 
dividit, Caes. B.G.1, 1, init. : the village 
ws s.d into two parts by a river, vicus in 
duus partes flumine dividitur, Caes. 
B. G. 3,1, med. 3, s@jungo, xi, ctum, 
3: when he came to the Alps which s. 
Italy from Gaul, ad Alpes posteaquam 
venit, quae Italiam a Gallia sejungunt, 
Nep. Hann. 3, fin.: tos. a person from 
the number of the bravest citizens, ali- 
quem ex fortissimorum civium numero 
ejungere, Cic. Vat. 10, fin. 4. dis- 





SEPARATION 


turae) mollities; animus mollior: | jungo, xi, ctum, 3: we are s.d by an 


intervening space of places and times, 
intervallo locorum et temporum dis- 
juncti sumus, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, init.: this 
river 8.d the Ieingdom of Jugurtha from 
that of Bocchus, quod flumen Jugurthae 
Bocchique regnum disjungebat, Sall. J. 
92, med. 5, discerno, crévi, crétum, 
3 (strictly implying an act of gudgment 
or decision): by which we have s.d Lusi- 
tania from Baetica, quo Lusitaniam 
a Baetica discrevimus, Plin. 4, 21, 35, 
§ 116: nor was there a river or a moun- 
tain to s. their territories, neque flumen 
neque mons erat, qui fines eorum dis- 
cerneret, Sall. J. 79, init.: cf. Mela 3, 4 
(Sarmatia ab iis quae sequuntur Visula 
amne discreta). 6. sécerno, crévi, 
crétum, 3: but they s. lands and sea, 
sed terras ac mare secernunt, Lucr. 2, 
729: the sea between s.s Europe from 
Africa, medius liquor secernit Kuropen 
ab Afro, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 47. _I. To 
separate by means of the intellect, to 
discriminate : 1, discerno, sécerno, 
3: V. TO DISTINGUISH. 9, stpiiro, 1: 
many Greeks have s.d those wars from 
their continuous histories, multi Graeci 
a perpetuis suis historiis ea bella separa- 
verunt, Cic. Fam. 5, 12,init.: an orator 
whom I do not s. from a good man, 
oratorem quem a bono viro non separo, 
Quint. 2, 21,12. 3, séjungo, xi, ctum, 
3: to s. a civil conspiracy from open 
and foreign wars, civilem conjnrationem 
ab hostilibus externisque bellis s., Cic. 
Fam. 5, 12, tnit. 4, disjungo, 3: 
to s. the orator and the philosopher, ora- 
torem ac philosophum d., Cic. de Or. 3, 
35, 143: already I seem to see the people 
s.d from the senate, videre jam videor 
populum a senatu disjunctum, id. Am. 
12, 41. 5, disparo, 1 (to part and 
classify): he s.d the seniors from the 
juniors, seniores a junioribus (divisit 
eosque] disparavit, Cic. Rep. 2, 22, init. 

separate (adj.): 1, séparatus: 


questions s. from the connection of 


things, quaestiones separatae a com- 
plexu rerum, Quint. 5, 8,6: @ s. volume 
(absol.), volumen s., Cie. Att. 14, 17, fin. : 
I approve of none of them s., eorum nul- 
lum separatum probo, id. Rep. 1, 35, init. 
(al. separatim). among them there is 
no private and s. land, privati ac se- 
parati agri apud eos nihil est, Caes. B. G. 
4, 1: cf. Tac. G, 22 (Separatae singulis 
sedes et sua cuique mensa). 2. secré- 
tus: s. commanding officers: special 
standards, s. imperium, propria signa, 
Liv. 1, 52, fin. 8, disjunctus: s. mas- 
ters (for different studies), a. doctores, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 57. So the p. partt. 
sejunctus, discretus, disparatus, may 
serve: v. preced. art. 

separately: 1, séparatim (apart ; 
opp. to conjunctim) with a, ab- they 
love each one of these s. from the whole, 
(di) separatim ab universis singulos 
diligunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 165° nothing 


will happen to him s. from the rest of 


the citizens, nihil ei accidet s. a reliquis 
civibus, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, ad fin.: cf. Caes. 


B. C. 1, 76 (neque sibi s. a reliquis con- | 


cilium capturos): this can be disjoined 
and written s., hoc sejungi potest s. que 
perscribi, Cic. Phil. 13, 21, jin.: to exert 
oeself s. in one thing, mM una re s. 
elaborare, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 9: ef. ib. 2, 
27, 118 (vel separatim dicere de genere 
universo vel definite de singulis tem- 
poribus). 2, carptim (piece by piece ; 
in detached portions): to write portions 


of the history of the Roman people s., | 


populi Romani res gestas c. perscri- 
bere, Sall. C. 4, med. 3, particiilatim 
(rare): a flock recovers its health more 


easily s. than together, grex p. facilius | 


quam universus convalescit, Col. 7, 5, 
ad init. 

separation : 1, sépairatio: by 
the distribution and s. of the parts, dis- 
tributione partium ac s., Cic. de Ur, 3, 
33, 132: the massing together of the 
charges assists the accuser, the s. of 
them the defendant, congregatio crimi- 
num accusantem adjuvat, s.defendentem, 
Quint. 7, 1, 31. cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 18, 55 


SERENITY 


(sui facti ab illa definitione separatio). 
2. disjunctio: in so great a s. and 
| Sorrow, in tanta disjunctione (nieorum) 
| tanta acerbitate, Cic. Sest. 21, 47, med.: 
| the alienatim and s. from Jriends, 
jalienatio disjunctioqgue amicorum, id, 
| Am. 21, 76. (N.B—Oftener expr. by 
verb: v. TO SEPARATE.) 
separatist: perh. homo factlosus 
| ¥. FACTIOUS, 
separator: expr. by verb: v, To 
SEPARATE. 
September: mensis September: we 
| will hasten over in S., excurremus mense 
Septembri, Cic. Att. 1,1, 2: on the first 
of S., Kalendis Septembribus, Cic. Fam. 
14, 22. Rarely, September (avsol.): Aus. 
septenary: septéndrius: Plin.: 
Diom. 
septennial : 
septennis (which, however is found only 
in the sense of seven years old: ef. 
triennis, triennia); or expr. by circuml., 
* (dies) qui septimo quoque anno rever- 





perh. septuennis or 


titur: *(sacrum) quod soptimo quoque 
anno fit, celebratur. 

septuagenarian: homo septuagé- 
narius: Callistr. Dig. 

septuagesima (su0s.): 
sima: Serr. Eccl. 

_ Septuagesimal ; 
Eccl. Serr. 

sepulchral (adj.) : 1, _sépul- 
cralis, e (relating to sepulchres): a s. 
torch, fax s., Ov. H. 2, 120: s. altars, 
arae sepulcrales, Ov. M. 8, 480. 2: 
féralis, e (relating to the dead ; dismal): 
the s. cypress, f. cupressus, Ov. Tr. 3, 13, 
21: s. note (of the owl), f. carmen, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 462. 

sepulchre (subs.): stpulcrum: v. 
TOMB, GRAVE. 

sepulture (subs.): sépultiira: the 
custom of s., mos sepulturae, Lucr. 6, 
1277. the most ancient kind of s., anti- 
quissimum sepulturae genus illud, Cic. 
Leg. 2, 22, 56. 

sequel: expr. by verb; but mark 
the s.,* sed attendite quae secuta sunt: 
the s. of the story is less interesting, 
*quae sequuntur legentem minus tenent, 
delectant : v. TO FOLLOW, ENSUE. 

sequence: perh. ordo, séries: cf. 
Cic. Div. 1, 55. 125, fatum est ordo 
seriesque rerum, i.e. s. of cause and 
effect. Also, séquéla (rare). Gell. 6, 1, 
ad fin., per sequelas quasdam necessarias 
fieri. 

seraph: séraphus: Eccl. Serr. (Kr.) 
Pl. seraphim (Hebrew form); Vulg. 

serenade (subs.): symphdnia noc- 
turna ; concentus nocturno tempore 
factus (Kr.). To give any oneas., *ad 
fenestram alicujus concinere. 

serenade (v.): v. preced. art. 

serene (adj.): |. Clear, calm, 
cloudless : 1, sérénus: a@ s. sky, cae- 
lum s., Cic. Fam. 16, 9, init.: when after 
so stormy a day a s. and calm light re- 
turned, postquam ex tam turbido die 
s. et tranquilla Inx rediit, Liv. 1, 16, 
init.: Virg. 2, tranquillus: v. CALM. 

8, siidus (not wet-or rainy): Cic. 
v. FAIR (111). 4, pirus (free Jrom 
| clouds: poet.): Hor. Od. 1, 34, 7 (per 
| purum = through a s. or cloudless sicy). 
. Fig.: Calm, unruffled, tran- 

quil, undisturbed : 1, sérénus: a 
calm and s. forehead, frons tranquilla ac 
s., Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31: @ &. countenance, 
vultus s., Hor. Od. 1, 37, 26: a s. heart, 
pectora serena, Ov. Ir. 1, 9, 40. 2. 
tranquillus: a gentle, s. quiet, happy 
life, placata, tr., quieta, beata vita, Cic. 
Fin. 1, 21, "1: a s. mind, tr. animus, 
id. Sen, 20, 74. II]. A tite of honour : 
most s. highness (a title given to the 
Emperors), strénissimus, Cod. Justin. 5, 
4, 23. Also,a title of the Roman em- 
perors =s. highness, sérénitas, Veg. 
Mil. 3, Epil. 

serenely; tranquill®: v. CALMLY. 
| serenity: |. Calmness of the 


septuageé- 


septuagésimus : 





| sky: 1, strénitas: the s.of the sky, 
{caeli s., Cic, Div. 2, 45, 94. 3. tran- 
| quillitas: v. CALMNESS. ll. Fig. 


peace, calmness : sérénitas: the s. or 
sent fortune, praesentis fortunae s. Liv 
725 


SERFDOM 






42, 62. init. : V. TRANQUILLITY. Ml. 
Calmness of mind, evenness of temper : 
sérénitas: you are too insignificant to 
cloud my s., minor es, quam ut s. meam 
obducas, Sen. de Ira 3, 25, fim. : V. CALM- 
NESS. 
serfdom : servitium, servitus: V- 
SLAVERY. 
serf; servus: v.SLAVE. (in modern 
iat., more precisely, ascriptus glebae 5 
i.e. one who is bought and sold with the 
land). 
serge: perh. cilicium (@ kind of 
coarse cloth made in Cilicia) : Cic, Verr. 
2, 1, 38, 95: Caes. 
series : 1, séries, éi: Join: 
continuatio seriesque {rerum], Cic. N. D. 
1, 4, extr.: ordo seriesque {causarum }, 
id. Div. 1, 55, 125+ Q, expr. by adj. 
continuus (connected together): an un- 
broken s. (or succession) of wars, Con- 
tinua bella, Liv. 10, 31, med.: @ S. Of 
volumes, continua volumina, Plin. 24, 
II, 50. 
serious: |. Grave in manner or 
nisposition : seéverus (never given to 
trifling or sport) : @ Ss. and grave citizen, 
civis s. et gravis, Cic. Am. 25, 95: the 
gravest and most 8. of all, omnium 
gravissimus et severissimus, id. de Or. 
2, 56, 228: Twill take away the gift of 
song from the s., adimam cantare severis, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, .9- I]. Weighty, im- 
tant, not trifling : 1, gravis, e 
(opp. to levis, of small matter or mo- 
ment) : it is a s. thing for a modest man 
to ask for anything of consequence, 
grave est homini pudenti petere aliquia 
magnum, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, init.: more S. 
wars, graviora bella, Cic. Rep. I, 40, fi. 
9, serius (opp. to the idea of sport 
or frivolity: properly only of things) : 
grave and s. things, graves seriaeque 
res, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 103: that he should 
not transact any s. business on that day, 
ne quid eo die s. rei gereret, Liv. 10, 7, 
fin.: cf, Suet. Calig. 32, init. (seriae 
questiones per tormenta habebantur). 
Esp. neut. pl. as subs.: seria, orum (Ss. 
matters) : jokes and Ss. things, joca et s., 
Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 85: let us put jesting 
aside, and inquire into s. things, amoto 
quaeramus Ss. ludo, Hor. 8. 1, 1, 27.:,5- 
things and jests, seria atque jocos, Liv. 
1, 4, fin. _ séverus (rare in this 
sense when used of things): leave Ss. 
subjects, linque severa, Hor. Od. 3, 8, 28. 
seriously : 1, sévere (in earnest) : 
to write to a person rather s., severius 
ad aliquem scribere, Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 
in.: Cic. 2, graviter (more than @ 
little, so as to make it no trifling mat- 
ter): to bes. ill, g. aegrotare, Cic. Off. 1, 
10, 32: I am S. enraged with you by 
Pollux, tibi Aedepol iratus sum g., Ter. 
Hee. 4, 4, 2: citizens most s. disagree- 
ing, cives gravissime dissentientes, Cic. 
Phii. 12, 11, 27- 3, sério (opp. to the 
notion cf joke) : Join: joco et serio: 
1 do not know whether he says these 
things in joke or S.. jocon’ an s. ille haec 
dicat nescio, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 30: cf. 
Liv. 7, 4% med. (joco seriove) and Pl. 
Am. 3, 2, 25 (nec joco nec serio). : 
by circuml. with jocus © ef. Cic. Fam. 7, 
16, med. (sed mehercules extra jocum, 
homo bellus est) and ib. 11, fin. (remoto 
joco, tibi praecipio). 
seriousness: 1. gravitas: there 
was in that mam @ S. mixed with 
courtesy, erat in illo viro comitate con- 
dita g., Cic. de Sen. 4, To. Vv. GRAVITY. 
_ use neut. of sérius (chiefly in 
particular phrases): 7 8- (earnest) and 
tn jest, per seria, per jocos, Tac. A. 2, 13, 
init.: if Ihave said anything in jest, do 
not turn it into s., sk quid per jocum 
dixi, nolito in serium convortere, Pl. 
Poen. 5, 5; 42- 3, sévéritas: s. I ap- 
ve in old age, moroseness not at all, 
5. in senectute probo, acerbitatem nullo 
modo, Cic. de Sen. 18, 65: Vv. STERNNESS. 
sermon: 1° exact equivalent: perth. 
dratio sacra, hémilia (Kr.). S. on the 
mount, * oratio montana . Serr. Eccl. 
sermonize: perh. contionor, I: V- 
TO PREACH. 
serosity : V- SERUM. 
726 








SERVANT 


serous (adj.): perl. *sérosus (but 
only as med. ¢. t.): OF seri naturam 
habens. 

serpent: . The reptile: 13 
serpens, tis, f. (including reptiles of all 
kinds): s.s hatched out of the water, s. 
extra aquam ortae, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 124: 
to handle s.s, tractare serpentes, Hor. Od. 
I, 3) 27: V. REPTILE. Also, sometimes 
fem.: Virg.: Hor. 9, anguis, is, ¢.: 
jlying 8.8, 4. volucres, Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 
ror: Hor.: Ov.: v. SNAKE. 3, draco, 
dnis, m. (Gk. Spaxwy: esp. & large or 


formidable s. § freq. in poet.) : @ pair of 


(huge) s.s, gemini d., Virg. Aen. 2, 225: 
as guardian of sacred treasures, Cic. Ph. 
15, 5, 12. I. Uke constellation : ib 
serpens: used of Q.) @ constellation be- 
tween the Great and Little Bears : the s. 
which is placed nearest to the icy pole, 
quae polo posita est glaciali proxima s., 
Ov. M. 2, 173: (2.) =anguis (v. infr.): 
Vitr. 9, 6 (7). 2 Q, anguis (the ser- 
pent-like constellation which Angut- 
tenens [Odrodxos) appears to carry in 
his hand): cf. Ov. M. 8, 182 (Qui medius 
nixique genu est, anguemque tenentis). 

——— -eucumber: cuctimis angul- 
néus: Col. 2, 9- 

—— -footed: serpentipes, pédis: the 
Sphinz, and_ the Harpies, and the 8. 
Giants, Sphingaque et Harpyias ser- 
pentipedesque Gigantas, Ov. Tr. 4,7, 17. 

—— -like; expr. by circuml. with 
serpens or anguis: *ut serpens, ut 
anguis, or *in modum serpentis, s. an- 
guis; angui similis, etc. (N.B.—The 
use of anguineus OT serpentinus in this 
sense is wrong: both meaning pertain- 
ing to a serpent, not resembling @ ser- 
pent.) 

serpentaria: specific name for 
plants which are antidotes to the bites 
of serpents : * serpentaria: Linn. 

serpentine (24,): |. Resembling 
aserpent : V.SERPENT-LIKE. Il. Spiral, 
twisted, winding : j, sinuosus : ef. 
Virg. G. 1, 244° maximus hic flexu 
sinuoso labitur anguis (the constella- 
tion): of the river Meander, Plin. 5, 
29, 31 (sinuosus Maeander flexibus). 

9. sinuatus (less freq.) : Sil. 15, 
173, Sinuatos pelagi anfractus (s. wind- 
ings of the sea-shore): cf. also Virg. 
Aen. 2, 208. 3, multiplex, icis (perh. 
the best word for prose): cf. Cic. Sen. 
15, 52, quam [vitem] serpentem multi- 
plici lapsu et erratico (with s. and de- 
vious course): of the Labyrinth, Ov. M. 
8, 158 (m. domus). Join: multiplex 
et tortuosus, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136. 4. 
tortuosus, tortilis: v. TWISTED, WIND- 
Inc. Phr.: in @ double s. course, du- 
plici Maeandro, Virg. Aen. 5, 251- 

serpentine . fophites, ae, m. 

Ss lst one (subs.) : Ue Gr. Bbi- 
rms): 8. like the spots of serpents, and 
from this it took its name, 0. Ser- 
pentium maculis similis, unde nomen 
accepit, Plin. 36, 7, IT: cf, Mart, 6, 42, 
15 (et flamma tenui calent ophitae). 
Also, dphitis, is, m. + cf. Plin. 36, 22, 43, 
fin. (ex ophite albo). 

serrated: serratus : there are three 
kinds of teeth, they are either &., elC., 
dentium tria genera, serrati aut, etc., 
Plin. 11, 37, 61, imit.: the s. joints of 
the bones of the head, ossium capitis 
compages serratae, Plin. 11, 37, 48: S- 
leaves, folia s., Plin. 25, 8, 46, med. 

serried («dj.)- i.e. closely arranged : 

1, confertus: cf. Caes. B. G. I, 24 
(confertissima acie): also Virg. Aen. 2, 
347: as adv., in s. ranks, confertim, Liv. 
31, 43, init.: Sall. 9, densus, con- 
densus : Vv. CLOSE (adj. 


servant: 
istra (any kind of inferior person or 
helper): @ hundred other (slaves) and 
just as many S.8 equal in age, centum 
aliae (famulae) totidemque pares aetate 
ministri, Virg. Aen. 1, 795- Of public 
officers: s.s of your empire (i.e. under 
officials), ministri imperii tui, Cie. Q. Fr. 












SERVE 





1,1,3: 458. (ie. a priest), of Mars, 0. 
Martis, id. Clu. 15, 43. Another form of 
preced. ministrator : Sen. Ep. 95. f mi- 
nistratrix : Cic. de Or. 1, 17, 75 (ministra- 
trices oratoris): also, ministrix- Gloss. 
Philox. 2, administer; f. administra. 
the s.s and followers of Sextus Naevius, 
a. et satellites Sexti Naevii, Cic. Quint. 
25, 80: cf. id. Rosc. Am. 28, 77 (puer 
victus quotidiani administer) Camilla, 
a s. in those things which are more 
hidden, Camilla adm. in his quae occul- 
tiora sunt, Varr. L. L. 7, 3% cf. Cic. Ma- 
nil. 13, 36. 3, mercenarius (4 hired 
workman, labourer, or servant) : your $., 
tuus m., Pl. Poen. 2, 55: to use slaves as 
af they were hired s.s, uti servis ut merce- 
nariis, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41. 4, familus: 
f. famila (strictly, @ slave belonging 
to a household): the sis give water jor 
the hands, dant famuli lymphas mani- 
bus, Virg. Aen. I, JOE: V- SLAVE. i 
servus: f. Serva: V. SLAVE. 6, trans- 
late by verb servio, 4: I am thy s. 
tibi servio, Pl. ‘Truc. 1, 2, 25 - to be a@ S. 
of the people, populo s., Cic. Plane. 4, fue. 
Comps. deservio, 4: inservio, 4: Vv. TO 
SERVE. 
serve (v-): |. To bestow labour of 
body or mind in the employment of 
another : servio, ivi or ii, tum, 4 (with 
dat.): to obey and s. another man, alteri 
parere ac s., Cie. Rab. Post. 8, extr.: ti 
is just that your slave should s, you ac- 
cording to your wish, justum est tuus 
tibi servus tuo arbitratu s., Pl. Bac. 4, 
8, 71. Comp. deservio, 4 (to s. dili- 
gently; also with dat.): of your own 
health, while diligently sing me, you 
have not taken sufficient care, valetudini 
tuae, dum mihi deservis, servisti non 
satis, Cic. Fam. 16, 18, med.: to s. any 
one diligently, alicui deservire, id. Off. 
1, 30, 108. (Famulari, v. rare, and best 
avoided.) ||, To attend at command, to 
wait on: praesto sum (to be in attend- 
ance, wait on and s.): cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 
6g, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas: 
v,.TO WAIT oN. See also infr. (IIL., 4). 
Phr.: to s. at tadle, ad mensam con- 
sistere, id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61: cf. Hor. Od. 
1, 29, 8 (ad cyathum statui, i.e. serve as 
cupbearer) : V.TO WAIT, ATTEND. _ Ill. 
To render assistance to by good offices = 
1, servio, 4 (with dat.): to s. the 
people, populo s., Cic. Plane. 4, fin. : that 
man may have power to s. the advance- 
ment of many, is multorum honori s. 
polleat, id. Brut. 69, 242. 2. com- 
modo, 1 (to oblige, do a service to: also 
with dat.): I beg you to s. him in every- 
thing which you can do without incon- 
venience, peto abs te, ut omnibus rebus, 
quod sine molestia tua facere possis, 
ei commodes, id. Fam. 13, 35, Jjin.: 
to s. any one im any thing, alicui in 
aliqua re ¢., ib, 13, 37, jin. 3, pro- 
sum, fui, prodesse (most gen. term; 
to benefit in whatever way : with dat.): 
who s. neither themselves nor another, 
qui nec sibi nec alteri p., id. Off. 2, To, 
36: my letters will not s. you at all, ni- 
hil tibi meae literae proderunt, id. Fam. 
2, 17, fin. 4, praesto sum (comp. 
supr. LL.): he learned the civil law, he 
sd many, jus civile didicit, multis pr 
fuit, id. Mur. 9, 19: 40 s. your safety, 
tuae saluti pr. esse, id. Fam. 4, 14, jin. 
5, condiico, xi, ctum, 3 (with tn or 
ad, and acc. or dat. 5 the last when a 
person is the object) : to s. your interest, 
in rem tuam ¢., Pl. Cist. 3, 4% to s. the 
common welfare, reipublicae ¢., Cic. 
Prov. Cons. 1, 1: cf. id. Off. 1, 3,9 (ad 
vitae commoditatem). G, proficio, 
feci, fectum, 3 (to be useful to or pro- 
motive of : with in or ad and acc.): 
nothing s.s so much to the acquiring 
of eloquence as writing down one’s 
thoughts, nulla res tantum ad dicendum 
pr. quam scriptio, Cic. Brut. 24, 92: ef. 
Liv. 3, 61, fin. (parvaque certamina in 
summam totius spei profecerant). IV. 
To be sufficient for s sufficere ; satis 
(sat) esse: V. TO SUFFICE. V. To be in 
the place of anything to any one: L 
pro with sum: Sicily has s.d us for @ 
provision cupboard, Siciliam nobis pro 











SERVE UP 





penaria cella fuisse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
jim.: V. SUBSTITUTE. 2, expr. by 
instar esse (a strong expr. = to be as 
good or great as): cf. Cic. Br. 51, 
191, Plato mihi instar omnium est, I. e. 
is as good as all the rest together; or 
will s. for all the rest. Yj. Tos. 
in military sense, in the army or navy : 
1, stipendia méreor, or méreo, 2 
(lit. to earn pay : the subs. is sometimes 
omitted): he s.d in that war, in eo bello 
stipendia meruit, Cic. Mur. 5, 12: we 
began to s., mereri stipendia coeperamus, 
id. Cael. 5, 11: tos. in the cavalry, mer- 
ere equo, id. Phil. 1, 8, 20: to s. in the 
infantry, merere pedibus, Liv. 24, 18, 
jin. (See also infr.4.)  Q, stipendia 
facio, 3: to s. under that general, sub 
eo duce stipendia f., Liv. 10, 24, init.: 
cf. Sall. J. 63, med. (stipendiis faciundis), 
$, milito, 1: wm whose army Cato's 
son s.d as a cadet, in cujus exercitu 
Catonis filius tiro militabat, Cic, Off. 1, 
11, 36: to s. under any one’s standard, 
sub signis alicujus m., Liv. 23, 42, fin.: 
to grant a prisoner his life on the con- 
dition of s.ing against his friends, capto 
sub conditione vitam concedere ut ad- 
versus amicos suos militet, Suet. Caes. 
68, init.: to s with any one, apud ali- 
quem m., Curt. 6, 5; cum aliquo, id. 
8, 8. Fig.: I have lately lived a jit 
companion for maidens, and have s.d 
(under the standard of Venus) not with- 
out renown, vixi puellis nuper idoneus, 
et militavi non sine gloria, Hor. Od. 3, 
26, I. 4, Gméreo s. eméreor, 2 (lo s. 
out, complete one’s term of service): 
from no one was the hope of s.ing out 
his time taken away, nemini spes emer- 
endi stipendia adempta, Liv. 25, 6, ad 
jin. : having s.d out their time, stipendiis 
emeritis, Sall. J. 84, med.: cf. Liv. 3, 59, 
fin. VII. To use, to manage ; as tos. 
the artillery in a battle: administro, 1: 
the artillery which is s.d by horsemen, 
*tormenta, quae ab equitibus adminis- 
trantur (Kr.). Vill. To s. a writ: 
expr. by vocare (to summon authori- 
tatively ; which, however, was done by 
@ messenger, not by means of a written 
document): cf. Gell. 13, 12 (throughe 
out): Vv. SUMMONS. 
serve up (v.): to prepare and present 
in a dish or dishes: 1, appOno, pdsui, 
tum, 3: to s. wp supper, coenam ap., 
1. Trin. 2, 4, 69: to s. up just a suffi- 
ciency, alicui tantum quod satis est a., 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 32,91. 2, inféro, 3, irr: 
he ordered the second course to be s.d up, 
mensam secundam inferri jussit, Plin. 9, 
35, 58: cf. id. 33, 11, 52 ae g 3 
Ministro, 1: my dinner is sd up by 
three | eys, coena ministratur pueris 
tribus, Hor. S. 1, 6, 116: he ordered (the 
dinner) to be sd up in earthenware 
dishes to Vinius alone, soli Vinio fictili- 
bus ministrari jussit, Tac. H. 1, 48, med. 
Comp. administro, 1: honey is s.d up at 
the beginning of a repast and in the 
second cuurse, mel ad principia convivii 
et in secundam mensam administratur, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5. 4, pono, 3 (less 
freq.: comp. supr. 1): a peacocl: having 
been s.d up, posito pavone, Hor. S. 2, 2, 23. 
service: |. Labour performed by 
body or mind in the s. of another: 
1, ministérium (on the part of an 
inferior): the eagle puts back the cap 
upon his head as if sent to do s., aquila 
velut ministerio missa capiti pileum re- 
ponit, Liv. 1, 34, ad fin.: a favour is 
that which a stranger may give ; duty is 
the part of a son or a wife; s. is the 
duty of a slave, beneficium esse, quod 
alienus det; officium esse, filii, uxoris ; 
m. esse servi, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, init. 9, 
Spéra (help rendered, whether by an in- 
ferior or an equal): that iron will do 
good s., ferrum istud bonas edet operas, 
Sen. Prov. 2, ad fin.: P. Terentius who 
ives his s. as a custom-house officer, P. 
erentius qui operas in portu dat, Cic. 
Fam. 13, 65, init.: I place my s.s at your 
disposal, hanc 0. tibi dico, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 
1x Phr.: J am quite at your s., ad 
omnia quae vclis praesto adero, Cic. Fam. 
4, 8, inet. : I can dispense with your s.s, 





SERVICE-TREE 


utilitatibus tuis possum carere, id. Fam. 
16, 3, fin.: the man did me excellent s., 
homo mirabiles utilitates mihi praebe- 
bat, id. Att. 7, 5, init. ||. Place ofa 
servant in such phrases as, he is in s.: 
no exact equiv.: expr. to be in s., by 
servio, 4 (with dat.): my brother was in 
the 8. of a nobleman, * {rater meus viro 
nobili genere nato serviebat: v, SER- 
VANT. II]. Attendance of a servant : 
ministérium: supr, (I., 1, ez.). IV. 
Military or naval duty: the period of 
such duty: 1, militia: to escape 
military s. by pretending to be mad, 
simulatione insaniae m. subterfugere, 
Cic. Off. 3, 26, 97: to be exempted from 
military s., militiae vacationem habere, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 14, tnit.: to release any 
one from military 8, aliquem militia 
solvere, Tac. A. 1, 44: to offer to enter 
on military 8. as a volunteer, yvolun- 
tariam m. [extra ordinem] profiteri, Liv. 
5,7,,fin.; sponte m. sumere, Tac. A. 4, 
4: to complete one’s term of s., m. eme- 
rere, Suet. Cal. 44, med. 9. officium 
(a department of s. or office; whereas 
mnilitia denotes active duty): M. Bibulus 
was put at the head of the whole naval s., 
M. Bibulus toti officio maritimo prae- 
positus est, Caes. B.C. 3, 5, fin.: Pom- 
pey’s lieutenants are dividing the s. 
among themselves, legati Pompeii officia 
inter se partiuntur, ib. 1, 38, iit. 3. 
stipendia, drum (lit. pay; hence, meton. 
campaigns, continued military s.: rarely 
in sing. in this sense): he dismissed that 
portion of the army which had already 
been exhausted with military s., partem 
militum, qui jam stipendiis confecti 
erant, dimisit, Cic. Man. 9, 26: so sti- 
pendiis exhausti, Liv. 29, 9, init.: sing. : 
aman who has seen no s., homo nullius 
stipendii, Sall. J. 85, ad init.: that man 
has seen much s. in India, ille vir in 
Indis multa stipendia habuit, cf. Liv. 31, 
8, med. 4, belli ministérium (rare) : 
the young Piso, by no means slothful in 
military s. haud ignavus ad ministeria 
belli juvenis Piso, Tac. A. 2, 78, fin.: 
cf. Vell. 2, 38, fin. (Catonis ministerio). 
Phr.: a man capable of military s. (in 
respect of age), homo aetate militari, 
Tac. A. 2,60,med.: and Liv. 22,11, fin.: 
(in respect of strength), homo qui mu- 
nus militiae sustinere potest, Caes. B. G_ 
6, 18, fin.: qui arma ferre potest, Liv. 
I, 44, tnit.: to call out all who are cap- 
able of s., omnem militarem aetatem 
excire, Liv. 7. 7, med.: to leave the s., 
militia abire s. non amplius stipendia 
mereri (Kr.). V. Advantage con- 
Ferred; benefit; use: 1. officium: 
the other opinion is that which defines 
Friendship to be of equal s.s and similar 
inclinations, altera sententia est, quae 
definit amicitiam paribus 0. ac volunt- 
atibus, Cic. Am. 16, 58: a man ready to 
do any one a s.,summo officio praeditus 
homo, id. Verr. 2,1, 51,135. 2, dpéra: 
he had had the benefit of his distin- 
guished s.s in all the wars, in omnibus 
bellis singulari ejus opera fuerat usus, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 25, fin.: to render s.s to 
the muses, musis operas reddere, Cic. 
Fam. 16, 10, fin.: v. TO SERVE (IIL.). 
Phr.: this will not be of any s. to you, 
hoc tibi nihil proderit, id. Fam. 2, 17, 
jin.: to be of no s. to one’s friends, 
abesse amicis, id. Sull. 5, 14: to be of s. 
to one’s friends, amicis adesse, id. Fam. 
6, 14, fin. VI, A musical church 
composition: perh. *cantus. VIL. 
Vessels used at table, as a s. of silver 
plate: 1, synthésis. cf. Mart. 4, 46, 
15 (septenaria synthesis Sagunti): cf. 
Stat. S. 4, 9, 44. 2. ministérium: 
cf. Lampr. Alex. Sev. 34 (ducentarum 
librarum pondus argenti ministerium). 
VIII. in law, the deliverance of a 

writ: perb. vodcatio; v. TO SERVE 
(VIL). 

service-berry : sorbum: cf. Plin. 
15, 21, 23, tnit.: and Virg. G. 3, 380. 
-book; liber ritialis, s. litur- 
gicus (Kr.). 
-tree: sorbus: cf. Col. 5, 10, 19, 
and Plin. 16, 18, 30, med.: sorbus do- 
mestica (Linn.). 








SERVITOR 


serviceable: |, That does service, 
beneficial, advantageous : 1, fitilis: 
(of both persons and things): an advan 
tageous and s. law, lex accommodata ac 
u., Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 14: that they could be 
s. friends to them, posse iis utiles esse 
amicos, Caes. B.G. 4, 7, fin. 2, oppor- 
tiinus (rare in this sense): all other 
things are s. each for a separate purpose, 
ceterae res opportunae sunt singulae 
rebus singulis, Cic. Am. 6, 22. 3. 
aptus: with ad or dat. (of persons al- 
ways with dat.): the bones have joints 
8. for stability, ossa habent commissuras 
ad stabilitatem aptas, id. N. D. 2, §5, 
139: as. place for an ambush, locus ad 
insidias a., id. Mil. 20, 53: that that which 
ts true, simple, and sincere, is s. to the 
nature of man, quod verum, simplex 
sincerumque sit, id esse hominis na- 
turae aptum, id. Off. 1, 4,13. Or trans- 
late by verb: inservio, 4: with dat.: to 
render oneself s. to any one, alicul inser- 
vire, id. Off. 1, 15, 49. Il. Capable of, 
or fit Jor, military duty: 1, aptus 
a s. army, i.e. in fighting trim, exer- 
citus a., Liv. 10, 25, init. 2. iitilis 
navigando (of ships): v. SEAWORTHY, 
So by anal., utilis pugnando, bello, ete, 
—.,tobe: 1. prdsum, irr. (most 
gen. term, to do good to in any way: 
with dat.): J fear lest your artifice may 
not be very s.to you, metuo ne artificlum 
tuum parum tibi prosit, Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 
Jjin.: v. TO SERVE (IIL). 2. béné- 
facio, 3: it is a glorious thing to be s. to 
the state, pulchrum est reipublicae b., 
Sall. C. 3, imit.: v. TO BENEFIT. Ss 
proficio, 3 (to advance, promote any 
object) : V. TO SERVE (II1.). 
serviceableness: Utilitas: even al- 
though there may be no s. in friendship, 
etiamsi nulla sit u. in amicitia, Cic. Fin. 
I, 20, 69: V. UTILITY, ADVANTAGE. 
serviceably: itiliter: v useFULLY, 
servile: |. ertaining toa slave: 
servilis,e: a s. dress, s. vestis, Cic. Pis, 
38, 92: a s. yoke, jugum s., id. Phil. 1, 
2,6: the s. war (war with slaves), s. tue 
multus, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, ad init.: as, 
band (band of slaves), s. manus, Hor. 
Epod. 4, 4, 19. I]. Abject, mean, 
cringing, fawning: 1, abjectus 
(mean-spirited): nothing s., nothing 
mean, nihil a., nihil humile, Cic. Fin. 
5, 20, 57. a 8s. mind, animus a. id. 
Am. 16, 59: cf. Quint. 11, 1, 13. 
9, hiimilis (low, grovelling): what 
public servant was ever 80 8., 80 mean 
quis umquam apparitor tam h., tam ab- 
jectus? Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 82: @ most s. 
Jlatterer, bumillimus assentator, Vell. 2, 
83, init. 8. servilis (rare in this 
sense); to invent s. stories, servilia 
fingere, Tac. A. 16, 2, jin. 4, ver- 
nilis (also rare): to conceal hatred with 
s. flatteries, odium vy. blanditiis velare, 
Tac. H. 2, 59, med. —§, servus (v. rare 
in this sense): s. herd of imitators, 
imitatores servum pecus, Hor. Ep. 1, 
19, 19. 
servilely: 1, serviliter: to do 
anything s. and womanishly, aliquid s. 
muliebriterve facere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 
55: to do every thing s. in order to 
obtain the chief power, ornnia 8. pro do- 
minatione facere, Tac. H. 1, 36, fin. 
9, hiimiliter, abject@: v. MEANLY. 
servility t 1, hiimilitas: often 
servileness {courage and a lofty 
demeanour tend more to excite pity 
than s. and supplication, saepe virtus 
et magnificentia plus proficit ad miseri- 
cordiam commovendam quam h. et ob- 
secratio, Cic. Inv. 1, 56, 10g: cf. Quint. 
II, 3, 69 (dejecto [capite] bumilitas os- 
tenditur). 2, Sdtilitio fawning and 
cringing): cf. Liv. 9, 18, bumi jacen- 
tium adulationes (s. of men prostrati 
themselves before a king): Tac. A. 16, 
2, fin. 3. expr. by circumL: ¢. g. 
animus bumilis atqne abjectus; servile 
ingenium (as a natural feature of cha 
racter): V. SERVILE. 
serving-man: V. SERVANT. 
servitor: |. A servant, attendant: 
minister: V.SERVANT, ATTENDANT. [i], 
A servitor in the University of Oxf 
727 





SERVITUDE SET SET APART 












corresponding to sizar at Cambridge : | ac morte Gisseruit, ib. 52, ad med. |y. | auro 1, Lucr. 4, 1129. 2. expr. by dis- 
*servitor. Established : prescribed : 1, status ; | tinguo, xi, ctum, 3 (to mark at intervals, 
servitude: The condition of a slave, | a Ss. day, dies s. Liv. 29, 23, fin.: @ usu. with something brighter to stud) = 
slavery, bondage : 1, servitus, titis, | solemn and s. sacrifice, solemne et | cups of gold, s.¥ ath gems, pocula €X auro 
f.: a@_state o F s., conditio servitutis, | statum sacrificiz , Cic. Tusc. 1, 47, 113- gemmis distincta, Gic. Verr. 4, 29, 62: 
Caes. B. G. 3, 10, fin.: they have car- Q. ratus- Vv. SETTLED. 3, prae- | 50 of the stars in the sky, id. N. D. 2, 35 
ried away our allies into S., socios | scriptus: ssforms of prayers, *precum g5. Vv. TO STUD. Vill. Zo replace im 
nostros in servitutem abduxerunt, Cic. | formulae praescriptae : V. FORM. Phr. | tts proper position, as to set a limb: 





i, 


Pis. 34, fin.: Themistocles delivered | with s. purpose, intention, de industria, 1, membrum in suam sedem re- 
Greece from S., Themistocles servitute | opera dedita ; Vv. PURPOSE (on). pellere s. reponere, Cels. 8, I. 2. col- 
Graeciam liberavit, id. Am. 12, 42: cf.| set (subs.): |, A number or col-\ loco, 1: to s. a broken thigh, coxam 
jugum servitutis alicui demere, Liv. | lection of things serving one purpose : fractam c., Plin. Ep. 2. 1, 5 not to s. it 
(Kr.). 9, servitium : (less freq., and 1. instrimentum (of implements) : well, parum apte C., ibsi2 lense Ix. | 


hot in this sense in Cic.): how grievous | a s. of hunting weapons, yenatorium i., | Miscel lL. Phr.: ¢os.a net, rete ponere, | 
would be the-fall from royalty into s.,| Prin. Ep. 3, 19, med.: & S- of tools for Virg G. 1, 307° to s. a trap (fig.), in- | 
quam gravis casus in s. ex regno foret, one’s trade, artis i., Hor. S. 1, 35 13K. | sidias alicui parare, Cic. R. Am. 9, 26: 


Sall. J. 62, fin.: to suffer complete Ss. 9. of plate, synthésis, ministérium - | as soon as ever he s. foot in the province, 
justum pati s., Liv. 41, 6, ad fin.: to de- | v. SERVICE (VIL). I]. 4 number of | simul ac provinciam tetigit, Cic. Verr. I, 
liver any one from 5. aliquem servitio | persons customarily associated ? 1. | 10, 27: Js. a good face upon it, spem 


levare, Hor. S. 2, 5,99- Fig-: ofa state | globus: that Ss. of aristocrats, ille g. | voltu simulavi (Ains.): to s. things in 
of slavish dependence: we Use more | nobilitatis, Sall. J. 85, ad ‘mit.: aS. of order, disponere, ordinare (Vv. TO AR- 
the commanding power of the m ind, the | conspirators, conjurationis &., Vell. 2, 58, RANGE): tos. im motion, incitare, movere 
s. of the body, animi imperio, corporis med.: S80, consensionis g., Nep. Att. 8, | (v- MOVE, MOTION) : to s. a watch (sentry), 
servitio magis utimur, Sall.C. 1, ad fin.:| fin. 2. manipulus (rare 5 found in this | vigiliam ponere (passim): to s. a razor, 
to endure the s. of love, amoris s. ferre, | sense only in Ter.): @ S. of thieves, m. *cultrum s. novaculam chalybe acuere 
Ov, Am. 1,2,18. 3. famulatus, as, m. | furum (faceté), Ter. Eun. 4, 7; 6. If. | Ss. exacuere (Kr.): to s. satl, vela dare, 
(rare): how ‘wretched is the s. of virtue | A young plant for growth : 4, pro- | Virg. Aen. 1, 34; facere, Cic. Tuse. 4, 
ministering to pleasure, quar. miser vir- | pago, f- (@ in this sense in Virg.): | 493 pandere (unfurl), id. Tusc. 4, 5.9 
tutis f. servientis voluptati, Cic. Off. 3, | mallet-shoots, plants, twigs, quicksets, (v. SAIL)* to S. on foot, jnstituere: cf. 
33, 117. Phr.: to be in s., Servam | sets (layers), malleoli, plantae, Sarmenta, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30, fin.: I s. the boy 
aquam bibere, Ov. ‘Am. I, 6, 26: but in | viviradices, propagines, Cic. Sen. 15, 52: | a-crying, ad lacrymas puerum coegi, 
prose, simply, servire: V.SLAVE (to be). | cf. Plin. 17, 10, 9% fin. (arbores prove- Pl. Bacc. 4, 8, 57 t0S.@ vessel. abroach, 
Phr.: to cast off the yoke of s., a cervi- | niunt aut plantis radicis, aut propagine, | *vas terebrare, s. perforare: tos. bounds 
cibus jugum servile dejicere, Cic. Phil. | ete). 2, viviradix, icis, f. (a quick- | to a thing, modum alicujus rei habere, 
I, 2, 6° also simply, jugum exuere, Tac. | set): v.supr. 3. virga: he grafts the | Cic. Verr. 2, 59,144. B, Intrans.: 
Agr. 31. s. in a cleft of the bark, fissa cortice | To decline; to go down; to pass below 

sesame; sesamum: cf. Cels. 5, 15,| virgam inserit, Ov. M. 14, 630. the horizon: — 1, occido, cidi, casum, 
init. : and Col. 2, 10,18. Also, sésama : set(v): A. Trans. |, Toplace | 3 (the usual word) : the sun setting, 


Col. 2, 7, 1: Plin.: sesamum orientale | in an upright position : J, statue, ui, | rising, Lolem occidentem, orientem, Cic, 
(Linn.). S. oil, Jleum sesaminum, Plin. | utum, 3: they s. great bouls, magnas | Fin. 2, 8, 23: Cat. 5, 4 (soles occidere et 
23, 4) 4 crateras statuunt, Virg. Aen. 1, 724: redire possunt) : Liv. 2, dbeo, il, 
seseie(a plant) : sésvlis, f.: Cic. N.D. | s. the couches here, hic lectulos statuite, | itum, 4 @ somewhat poet. or rhetor. 
2, 50, 129. Collat. form séséli, n.: Plin. | Pl. Pers. 5, 1, 7: 0 & any one on his | expression): the sun rising and setting, 
(*Seseli elatum: Lirn.). head on the ground, aliquem capite ad sol oriens et obiens, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, fin. 

sesaui-pedalian : sesquipédalis: s. | terram S., Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18 9. sisto, | the stars s. and rise again, sidera obeunt 
words, verba s., Hor. A. P. 94 - stiti, statum, 3: you were s.ing the jar on nascunturque, Plin. 2, 26, 24, jin. ‘ 

sessile ; sessilis, € (of leaves, sitting | its head, capite sistebas cadum, Pl. Mil. | décédo, cessi, cessum, 3 (poet.): the sun 
close to the stem, without a ft ootstalk):| 3, 2, 36: and we s. the monster in the | setting doubles the increasing shadows, 


Plip. ay sacred citadel, et monstrum sacrata sol crescentes decedens duplicat ume 
session: _ I. Siting of a court or | sistimus arce, Virg. Aen. 2, 245- _ Il. bras, Virg. E. 2, 67. ef. id G@ 1, 222 
council: sessio: (rare; in this sense To place, fix, station : 1. pono, posui, | (decedat stella Coronae). 4, cado, 


late): the days of the s.s, dies sessionum, | pdsitum, 3: he had not a foot of ground cécidi, casum, 3 (also chiefly poet.) + 
Ulp. Dig. 38, 15, 2 § 1. |]. In pl. | to s. his foot upon, ubi pedem poneret | 7ear the end of the ocean and the setting 
only, sessions = assizes: conventus, Us, | non habebat, Cic. Fin. 4, 25, 69: there | sun, oceani finem juxta solemque caden- 
m.: Caesar set out into nearer Gaul to\ he ss a guard, ibi praesidium ponit, | tem, id. Aen. 4, 480: Orion S.s, Orion 
hold. the s.s, Caesar in Galliam citeriorem | Caes. B. G. 2, 5, jfin.: to s. an ambush | cadit, Hor. Epod. ro, 10: the last ray of 
ad conventus agendos profectus est, | against any one, insidias contra aliquem | the sun when it s.s, extremus cadentis 
Gaes. B. G. 1, 54, fin.: the s.s of nearer | p., Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 49. Q, stituo, 3: | solis fulgor, Tac. G. 45, ttt. : cf. Virg. 
Gaul being finished, conventibus Galliae | he s. the prisoners tn the middle, captivos | Aen. 2, 9- 
citerioris peractis, ib. 5, 1 med.: cf. ib. | in medio statuit, Liv. 21, 42, init. Fig.: set about. 1, incipio, cépi, cep- 
6, 44, extr. Phr.: the day of the s.s,| you have 8. his father before his eyes, tum, 3: to s. about waging wars, bella 
dies judicii, Liv. 2, 34, med. . to hold the | patrem ante ejus oculos statuisti, Cic. de | i., Cic, N. D. 2, 3. 92 ¥ 10 BEGIN. is 
s.s, forum agere, Cic. Att. 5, 16, fin. | Or. 1, 57, fim. Comp. constituo, 3: fos. | inchGo, T: to's. about a most glorious 
II]. 4 complete term or period during | the legions in front of thecamp, legiones | achievement, pulcherrimum facinus i., 
which a@ body is sitting: best word, | pro castris ©. id. 2, 8, fin.: Vv. TO STA- Curt. 6, 7,ad mit. 8. suscipio, 3: V- 
*segsio (without ancient authority, but | TION. 3, sisto, 3: he s. the cohorts | TO UNDERTAKE. 
needed for brevity). Phr.: there will| on the highest peaks of the moun-| ~~ against: I. To place oneself 
be an autumn s. of Parliament, * per | tains, cohortes summis montium jugis | #7” @ state of enmity or opposition : Op- 
dies auctumnales senatus fparlamentum) | sisti!, Tac. H. 3, 77, intt.: to s. the | pono, posui, positum, 3: V. TO OPPOSE. 
labebitur. victim before the altars, victimam ante ||. To excite hostile feeling against : 
sesterce: 1, sestertius : which in | aras s., Ov. M. 15, 132. 4, loco, t: exaspéro, I (to irritate, exasperate) : 
speaking of smaller sums is used quite | to s. an ambush for any one, alicui in. | they having s. the greater part of the 
regularly ; as, septem sestertii; mille | sidias 1, PI. Rud. 2, 5, 17: Caesar state against them, quum majorem ci- 
gestertii; etc. Large sums are expressed | ordered fascines to be brought forward | vitatis partem exasperassent, Val. Max, 
by the collect. furm sestertium (= mille | and s. opposite, Caesar crates proferri | 6, 5, 3: Liv. Phr.: the son had been s. 
sestertii)* e g. a hundred thousand s.s,| et adversas locari jussit, Caes. B. C. 3, against his father by his mother, * fil 
oontena sestertia, Cic. Par. 6, 3° usu. | 46, init. : ef. Sall. J. 109, med. (milites animus odio in patrem a matre imbutus 
with the distrib. numeral as in example | in munimentis locare). Comp.: col- erat, cf. Tac. H. 2, 85 (favore imbutus) ; 
given, but also with a cardinal, as, | ldco, 1: tos. the legions upon our necks, | filii studia in patrem maternae acuerant 
septem sestertia, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 80. Very | legiones in cervicibus nostris c., id. Fam. | inimicitiae. [I]. To set one thing against 
large sums are eXpT- by the numeral | 12, 23, med.: having got possession of | another in comparison : Oppono, 3° to 
adverbs: decies sestertiam (H.S., te. | the town, he s.s @ guard there, occupato | S- one defeat agaust many victories, 
{. I, S.) standing for a million sesterces. | oppido ibi praesidium collocat, Caes. B.G, | multis secundis proeliis unum adversum 
For further particulars, see St. L. G.| 1, 38, extr. Fig.: tos. one’s hope on the | On Caes. B.C. 3, 13, ad init. : v. TO COM- 
§§ 929, 899- 9, lesa freq., sestertius | uncertain tssue of the future, spem in | PARE WITH. 
hummus (nimus) to knocle down pro- | incerto reliqut temporis eventu C., Cic. —— apart: 1 sepono, 3 (set aside, 
perty for a s. (a mere trifle), nummo Quint. 26, 83, fin. WM. 7 appoint, | reserve) : [thought that it had been Ss. 
gestertio bona addicere, Cic. Rab. Post. | constitute statuo, constituo: v. TO AP- | apart Yor that shrine, id ego ad illud 
19. 453 Col. 3, also less freq., nUM- | POINT. IV. To plant, as a tree: sero, | fanum sepositum putabam, Cic. Att. 15, 
mus (niimus) alone : Cic. Verr. 3, 60, 140. | conséro, 3 V_ TO PLANT. VY. To re- | 15, ad fin. : he picked out some of the 
set(adj): I. Regular ; formal: as, | gulate or adjust: as io set a watch : | chiefs, and s. them apart for the tri- 
@ set speech: expr. by adv. composité : | constituo, ui, itum, 3- fo s. @ clock, | umphal processiarl, nonnullos ex prine 
having bewailed the misfortunes of the horologium c. (Kr.). VI, Zo set to cipibus legit ac seposuit ad pompam, 
Republic im Ss. terms, and in @ high- | music, to adapt with notes, as a hymn: Suet. Cal. 47, iit. Fig.-: I have s. 
flown style, c. atque magnifice casum | perb. *(carmini) modos aptare, accom- | apart (a certain task) for my old age, 








reipublicae miseratus, Sall. C. 51, @d fin. : | modare. Vil. 70 fiz and arrange | senectuti seposui, Tas. H.1,1, fin. 2. 

Caesar spoke well and in s. terms about jewels « 1. inclido, si, sum, 3: to s. | secerno, crevi, cretum, 3 (to separate + 

life and eau Caesar bene ac c. de vita | fine emeralds in gold, grandes smaragdos put in @ distinct class): to s, apart ne 
12 


-_-* 





SET ASIDE 





portion of the booty for the public trea- 
sury, nibii praedae in publicum s., Liv. 
», 16, init.: Jupiter huth s. apart these 
shores for the pious race, Jupiter illa 
piae secrevit litora genti, Hor. Epod. 16, 
63. Fig.: these men I willingly except 
and s. apart (in my mind), hosce ego 
homines excipio et secerno libenter, Cic. 
Cat. 4, 7, 15. 

set aside: |. To separate for a 
particular purpose: sepono, 3: V. pre- 
ced. art. lI. Zo veject, annul : 1: 
rescindo, scidi, scissum, 3: you have s. 
aside the acts of Antonius; you have 
annulled the laws, acta Antonii resci- 
distis: eges refixistis, Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 5. 

Y, tollo, sustili, sublatum, 3 (most 
gen. term): v. TO ANNUL, REPEAL. 

— before: appono, 3: v. TO SERVE 
UP. 

— by (regard, esteem): magni, 
parvi aestimo, 1: y. TO REGARD, ESTEEM. 

— down: |. To put down any- 
thing: destituo, ui. titum, 3: he s. two 
statues down in this place, duo signa 
hic destituit, Pl. Rud. 3, 5, 43: Mucius 
was s. down before the tribunal, Mucius 
ante tribunal destitutus est, Liv. 2, 12, 
med. |]. 70 note down in writing : 

1, ndto, 1: v. TO NOTE DOWN. } 
perscribo, psi, ptum, 3: to s. down a 
wrong entry (in accounts), falsum nomen 
p., Cic. Rosc. Com. £, 2. 

—— forth: |. To offer or present 
to view: 1, expono, 3: (used in fig. 
sense of discourse): Gallus began to s. 
forth the plan of this work, Gallus ra- 
tionem hujus operis e. coepit, Cic. Rep. 
1, 14, med.: to s. forth verbosely, plu- 
ribus verbis e., id. Fin. 3, 4, 15. 24, 
explico, avi and ui (the latter post- 
Aug.), atum or itum, 1 (gradually to 
develop an argument, and s. it forth): 
to s. forth anything very plainly and 
clearly, aliquid apertissime planissime- 
que e., Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156: to enlarge 
upon and s. forth a speech, orationem 
dilatare atque e., id. de Or. 1, 35, 163. 

8. disséro, rui, rtum, 3: (lit. to ar- 
range and s, forth arguments): you 
had s. forth many things concerning 
eloquence, permulta de eloquentia dis- 
serueras, id. de Or. 2, 3, 13. Comp. 
@disséro, 3 (rare): nor need we s. forth 
the end of that unhappy family, neque 
necesse est edisseri a nobis, quae finis 
funestae familiae, id. Leg. 2, 22, 55: 
Laelius s. forth the same things, Laelius 
eadem edisseruit, Liv. 27, 7, init.: Virg. 

4, expromo, mpsi, mptum, 3 (bring 
out to view): but s. forth, if you please, 
those laws of yours about religion, sed 
exprome, si placet, istas leges de reli- 
gione, Cic. Leg. 2, 7,17: tos. forth what 
can be said for each opinion, quid in 
quamque sententiam dici possit e., id. 
Div. 2, 72, 150. |]. Vo start ona 
journey : Vv. TO SET-OUT. 

—- forward: |, 70 set out ona 
journey: proficiscor, fectus, 3: Vv. TO 
SET OUT. I]. 70 advance the interests 
of : promévev, movi, mOtum, 2: v. TO 
ADVANCE, PROMOTE. 

— jin: ie. to come on, begin to 
prevail : 1, incito, 1 (with pron. re- 

.: to set in as a tide or a current: 
this word has the idea of rushing in 
with force): when the tide had s. in from 
the deep sea, Quum ex alto se aestus in- 
citavisset, Caes. B. G. 3, 12, init.: which 
way the force of the current had s. in, 
quo major vis aquae se incitavisset, ib. 
4, 19, ad fin, 2. appéto, ivi and ii, 
itum, 4 (used of seasons): winter was 
setting in, hiems appetebat, Tac. Agr. 
10, ad fin.: Liv. 
fF : |. To extol, praise : prae- 
dico, vendito: v. TO PRAISE, EXTOL. 

I], 70 auorn, embellish: 1, illa- 
mino, 1: the purple s.s off the robe, 
purpura vestem illuminat, Plin. 9, 36, 
60, fin. Fig.: metaphor especially dis- 
tinguishes and s.s off a speech, translatum 
maxime notat et illuminat orationem, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 170: cf. Quint. 12, 10, 36 
(oratio translarorum nitore illuminanda). 

2 illustro, t. to s. off a speech, 
orationem i., Cic. Or. 29,92. 3, orno, 











SETTER 


SETTLE 





adorno, 1: v.TO ADORN. 4, distinguo, 
nxi, nctum, 3: to vary and s. off a speech, 
orationem variare et d. {quasi quibusdam 
verborum sententiarumque insignibus}, 
id. de Or. 2, 9, 36. 

set on: |. To instigate : 1, im- 
mitto, misi, missum, 3 (not so in Cic.): 
some said that Tarquinius had been 8. 
on by Cicero, alii Tarquinium a Cicerone 
immissum alebant, Sall. C. 48, fin.: he 
s.s on Suillius to accuse them both, Suil- 
lium accusandis utrisque immittit, Tac. 
A. 11, 1, tie. 9. instigo, 1: to 8s. a 
dog on any one, canem in aliquem i., 
Petr. 95 : V. TO INSTIGATE, INCITE, ll. 
To attack: adbrior, invado: v. TO FALL 
UPON, ATTACK. 

— on fire: both lit. andfig.: 1, 
incendo, ndi, nsum, 3: they s. all their 
towns and villages on fire, oppida sua 
omnia, vicosque incendunt, Caes. B, G. 
1, 5, init. : he ordered the fleet to be s. on 
Jive, classem incendique jussit, Cic. Verr. 
5,35, 91: tos. incense on Jire, tus et odore 
in., ib. 4, 35, 77: V- TO FIRE. 2. ac- 
cendo, di, sum, 3 (to light wp, kindle) : 
God s.s the sun on fire, Deus solem ac- 
cendit, Cic. Tuse. 9, 28. 
out: proficiscor, fectus, 3: he 
s. out from my house on the Ides, ille 
Idibus a me profectus est, Cic. Att. 9, 9, 4, 
init.: he hastens to s. out from the city, 
maturat ab urbe p., Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 
init. : V. TO DEPART. 

— over: 1. praeficio, féci, fec- 
tum, 3: Otho is s. over the province of 
Lusitania, Otho provinciae Lusitaniae 
praeficitur, Tac. A. 13, 46, fin.: he s. 
Datis over the fleet, Datim classi prae- 
fecit, Nep. Milt. 4, init. 2. impono, 
pdsui, pdsitum, 3 (denoting the imposi- 
tion of a yoke from without) : the Lace- 
daemonians s. thirty men over the con- 
quered Athenians, Lacedaemonii devictis 
Atheniensibus triginta viros imposuere, 
Sall. C. 51, ad fin.: to s. a king over 
Macedonia, Macedoniae regem i., Liv. 
40, 12, ad fin. 8. in pass. sense, 
praesum, fui, v. 2. (constr. with dat. or 
absol.) : one man is s. over all the Druids, 
omnibus Druidibus praeest unus, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 13, fin.: who had been s. over the 
Jleet, qui classi praeerant, id. B. C. 3, 25, 
med.: to be s. over affairs in that pro- 
vince, in ea provincia p., Cic. Verr. 3, 
17, 180. 

— round: 1, circumpono, 3: 
Hor. S. 2, 4, 75 (piper catillis c.): Petr. 
2, circumdo, 1: v. TO SURROUND. 

— up: |. fo place upright: 1, 
statuo, ui, itum, 3: to set up a little 
pillar on a mound of earth, columellam 
super terrae tumulum s., Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 
66: to s. up a trophy, tropaeum s., id. 
Inv. 2, 23,69: to s. up tents, tabernacula 
s., Caes. B.C. 1, 81, init. Comp. (1). con- 
stituo (with the additional notion of 
building, constructing): to_s. up a 
sepulchre, sepulcrum c., Ov. M. 6, 568: 
he began to s. up two towers, turres 
duas c. coepit, Caes. B. G. 7, 17, mit. 
(2). restituo, 3 (to set up again): the 
senate decreed that our statue of Minerva 
should be s. wp again, senatus decrevit 
ut Minerva nostra restitueretur, Cic. 
Fam. 12, 25, init.: tos. up a tree again, 
arborem r., Virg. G. 2, 272. Q. érigo, 
3: V. TO ERECT. I]. To establish in 
the way of business : instruo, Xi, ctum, 3: 
to s, up an inn, thermopolium in. PL 
Ps, 2, 4, §2: to s. a person up with a 
shop, *aliquem taberna instrumentoque 
exornare. Il]. Zo set up with au- 
thority: constituo, ui, itum, 3: to s. up 
kings in the state, reges in civitate c., 
Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15: the decemviral power 
being s. up in all the cities, decemvirali 
potestate in omnibus urbibus constituta, 
Nep. Lys. 2, init. Phr.: to s. up any 
one’s fortune, *fortunas pristinas resti- 
tuere. 

setaceous: sétiger (chiefiy poet. ; 
not found in Cic.); sétésus: Vv. BRISTLY. 

seton : in surgery: papyrus (a slip 
of papyrus being employed): to intro- 
duce a s., p. injicere, Veg. Vet. 2, 26. 

settee: lectus, lectiilus: v. coucH. 
setter: 








|. A person who sets Jewels : | 





inclisor (rare and very late): «.s of gold 
and jewels, inclusores auri atque gem- 
marum, Hier. in Jerem. 5, 24 (Forcell.). 
||. 4 dog used in sporting, * canis 
venaticus quem Anglice selfer appellaut 
(c. familiaris, Wood), 
setting (subs.) : |. The act of 
sinking below thehorizon: 1, occdsus, 
is, m. (used esp. of the sun): many 
begin before the 8. of Maia (the Pleiad), 
multi ante 0. Maiae coepere, Virg. G. 1, 
225: at the s. of the sun, solis occasu, 
Caes. B. G. 1, §0. 9. dbitus, is, m. 
(less freq.): the rising, &.. and motion 
of the sun, the moon, and th» rest of the 
heavenly bodies, solis et lunae reliquo- 
rumque siderum ortus, o., motusque, 
Cic. Div. 1, 56, 128: the rising and s. 
of the constellations, signorum o, et 
ortus, Virg. G. 1, 257. Il. The inclo- 
sure of precious stones in gold, etc., 
perh. *incliisura (by anal.): or expr. by 
ger. part., etc., of includo: v. TO SET 
(VIL). 
setting on fire (sus.): incensio 
(rare): the s. on fire of the Capitol, i 
Capitolii, Cic. Cat. 3, 4,9 (Usu. expr. 
by verb: v. TO FIRE.) 
settle (subs.): sella (gen. term): v. 
SEAT. 
settle (v.): A, Trans.: ff, 
To place in a permanent condition or 
place: 1, constituo, ui, fitum, 3 
the Gracchi s.d the plebeians on the 
public lands, Gracchi plebem in agris 
publicis constituerunt, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 10: 
where Caesar had s.d the Helvetii, ubi 
Caesar Helvetios constituisset, Caes. B. G 
1,13. Q, colldco,1 (rare in this sense): 
he s.d a great number in the country, 
multitudinem in agris collocavit, Nep. 
Milt. 1, init. =|, To s. a person m 
life; as, to marry a daughter: colléco: 
later, marito, 1: v. TO MARRY (IL), 
II]. To determine what ts uncertain: 
constituo, 3: to s. the price of corn, 
pretium frumento c., Cic. Verr. 3, 73, 
171: he s.d the places (to be occupied) 
by the senators, loca senatoribus oon- 
stituit, Suet. Claud. 21: to s. the day for 
the wedding, diem nuptiis c., Pl. Tr. 2, 
4, 176. Also, statuo, 3: and praestituo 
(to s. beforehand): v. To FIx (IL); 
where other equivalents are given. 
IV. Zo adjust, arrange amicably: 
1, compono, pésui, pdsitum, 3: 
they s.d with the greatest harmony whom 
they should dismiss, cuin summa con- 
cordia quos dimi!terent, composuerunt, 
Liv. jin.: it was s.d among them 
that Latiaris should devise a plot, inter 
ipsos compositum ut Latiaris strueret 
dolum, Tac. A. 4,68, med. 2, expr. 
to be s.d by convenire: v.To Ftx (IL,6). 
See also TO ARRANGE, AGREE UPON. 
Phr.: to s. a dispute, controversiam 
dirimere, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: contro- 
versiam componere, Cues. B. C. 1,9, fim.: 
controversiam sedare, Cic. Balb. 19, 33: 
y.TO DECIDE. Y. Zo liquidate a debt, 
payanaccount: 1, expédio, ivi and il, 
Itum, 4: S., pay my debts for (ad's sake, 
nomina mea, per deos, expedi, exsolve, 
id. Att. 16, 6, ad fin.: cf. ib. 12, 29, fin. 
Q, piito, 1: in phr. rationem (or pl.) 
putare : let the steward s. accounts with 
his master, villicus rationem cum do- 
mino putet, Cato, R. R. 5, tmtt.: fo s, 
accounts with the farmers of (azes, 
rationes cum publicanis p., Cic. Att. 4, 
11, tnit. 8, explico, vi and ui, 
(latter post.-Aug.), atum or Itum, 1: if 
Faberius s.s that account, si Faberius 
illud nomen explicat, Cic. Att. 13, 29, 
fin. 4, libéro, 1 (rare in this sense): 
‘prob. only in phr., to 4. debts, nomina L, 
Liv. 7, 21, fin. 5, compono, 3: f& s, 
the family accounts, rationes familiares 
c., Tac. A. 6, 16, fin. Vi. To fiz by 
gift, grant, or any legal act as an 
annuity : expr. by dire, praestire, prae- 
bére, rélinquére: J wish to s. on Lucius 
Titius an annuity of ten aurei for life, 
Lucio Titio dari volo annuos quam diu 
vivat aureos decem, Scaev. Digest. 33, 1, 
13: so praestari volo, ib. 18 and 1g (an- 
nua alimenta praestare). also TO 
Leave (il.). Vil. Tocolorize: L 
729 


SETTLED 


coloniam constituo, 3: s. colldco, 1: 
¥.TOCOLWONIZE. Q, expr. by coloniam 
dédiico (technical phr. for planting a 
colony): a place which was s.d by king 
Ancus, quem in locum rex Ancus colo- 
niam deduxit, Cic. Rep. 2, 3: also foll. 
by in and abl.: Liv. 40, 34, init. 
(Aquileia colonia in agro Gallorum est 
deducta). So colonos deducere, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 14: V. COLONY $ TO COLONIZE. 
B. Intrans. j. To fall to 
the bottom of liquor, to subside: sido, 
di, 3: a drop of balsam s.ing at the 
bottom of the vessels, gutta balsami ad 
ima vasa sidens, Plin. 12, 25, 54. 
Comps. consido; résido- we will allow 
the pitch to s.,and when it has s.d we 
will strain off the water, patiemur pi- 
cem c. et quum siderit aquam eliqua- 
bimus, Col. 12, 24, 2: Vv. TO SINK DOWN, 
I]. To come to rest in any place: 
1, sido, 3 (poet. in this sense): the 
doves s. upon the tree, columbae super 
arbore sidunt, Virg. Aen. 6, 203: much 
more frequent is: Comp. insido, sedi, 
sessum, 3 (with daft. or acc.) - the bees s. 
on the flowers, apes floribus insidunt, ib. 
6, 108 - ill-omened birds s.d upon the 
Capitol, insessum diris avibus Capi- 
tolium, Tac. A. 32, 43, intt. 9, cor- 
rel. to above are sédeo, insideo, 2 
(to be actually s.d, whereas sido, insido, 
mean fo alight): v. TO SIT; TO ALIGHT. 
Ill. Zo fix one’s habitation : 1. 
consido, sedi, ssum, 3; I doubt whether 
I shall s. here or at Antiwm, dubito 
hic an Antii considam, Cic. Att. 2, 6, 
med.: you will not expect a long letter 
Jrom me before I shall have s.d some- 
where, antequam aliquo loco consedero 
non longas a me literas expectabis, ib. 
5, 14, init.: to s. in the territories of the 
Ubii, in Ubiorum finibus c., Caes. B. G. 4, 
8,med. 2, colldco, 1 (with pron. reflect.) : 
he has s.d at Athens, Athenis se colloca- 
vit, Cic. Fin. §,2,4. 3, consisto, stiti, 
stitum, 3 (rare in this sense), the Gauls 
slew the Roman citizens who had s.d 
there, Galli cives Romanos qui ibi con- 
stiterant, interficiunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 3, 
intt. 4, insido, 3 (rare and poet.) : a 
nation renowned in war has s.d on the 
Etruscan heights, gens bello praeclara 
jugis insedit Ktruscis, Virg. Aen. 8, 480: 
ef. ib. 10, 59. 
poet.): to s. in the Sicilian lands, Siculis 
arvis r., ib. 5,702. |Y. To sink by its 
own weight, as a building : subsido, sedi, 
sessum, 3: V. TO SINK. V. To come 
to an agreement: constituo, 3: we s.d 
among ourselves to ..., constituimus 
inter nos ut ..., Cic. Fin. 5,1, 1: v. To 
AGREE UPON. 
settled (adj.): 1. certus (sure, 
certain): to inquire why they swear in 
s. words, come together at a s. time, and 
depart at a s. time, quaerere cur in c. 
verba jurent, cur c. tempore conveniant, 
c. discedant, Cic Inv. 2, 45, 132: s. 
boundaries, certi limites, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
170. Q, exploratus (found sure): a 
great and almost s. hope, magna et prope 
e. spes, Cic. Phil. 1c 10, 20: @ Ss. peace, 
pax e., ib. 7, 6, 16: a s. plan, ratio e., 
id ND! 1, 23,804. 3, confessus 
(placed beyond all doubt): a s. thing, 
res c., id. Verr. 3, 56, 130. 4, ratus 
(definitely fixed and ratified): that our 
friendship and alliance may be s. for 
ever, ut amicitia societasque nostra in 
aeternum rata sit, Tac. H. 4, 64, med. : 
as.and fixed command, jussum r. atque 
firmum, Cic. Caecin. 33, 96. Phr.- t 
is a s. point with philosophers, inter 
omnes philosophos constat: v. AGREED 
on,TO BE’ toconsider anything as s., pro 
explorato habere, Caes. B. G. 6, 5° the 
matter is not yet s.d, adhuc sub judice 
lis est, Hor. A. P. 77. 
settlement: |. The matter which 
falls to the bottom of liquor, the dregs: 
faex, faecis, f : v DREGS, SEDIMENT. 
||. In law, a jointure granted to a 
wife: dos, dotis, f.: v. DowRy. Or 
expr. by verb: v.tosertLe(VI.). III. 
The act of planting a colony: déductio 
a crue and miserable s. of the soldiers 
in the towns, in oppida militum crudelis 
130 


5, résido, 3 (v. rare and ; 





SEVERAL- 


SEVERELY 





et misera d., Cic. Phil. 2,25, 62 in the 
s. of the town, in deductione oppidi, 
Plin. 2, 52, 53, fin. IV. The colony 
planted: colonia. V COLONY. Vv. 
Arrangement of an affair, compositio, 
ordinatio: Vv. ADJUSTMENT, ARRANGE- 
MENT. VI. The payment of an ac- 
count: expr. by (aes alienum) solvere, 
persolvere: v, TO PAY, SETTLE (V.) 

settler: |. (facountry: 1. 
cdlonus: he orders land to be given to 
these s.s, iis colonis agrum dari jubet, 
Cie. Agr. 2, 28, 75: V. COLONIST. 2. 
advéna (new comer, stranger: a term 
naturally applied to s.s by the natives 
of a country): Liv. 1, 2, mit. Join: 
peregrini atque advenae, Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 
extr. {J. Colloq. in phr. that isa s.: 
perth. habet or hoc habet (gladiatorial 
phr.). ef. Virg. Aen. 12, 296 (graviter 
ferit atque ita fatur; hoc habet): Pl.- 
Ter. 

seven: 1, septem: s. and thirty 
years, Ss. et triginta annos, Cic. Rep. 2, 
To, init.: Thales who was the wisest of 
the s. sages, Thales qui sapientissimus 
in s. fuit, id. Leg. 2, 11, 26. 9, sep- 
teni, ae, a (s. at a time: poet. when 
used simply for septem) : the tivo bundles 
contained s. books each, duo fasces sep- 
tenos habuere libros, Liv. 40, 29, med. : 
s. goblets each, 8. cyathi, Pl. Pers. 5, 1, 
19. Septeni, esp. with subs., only used 
in the pl., has the force of s. at once: 
boys of s. years, pueri séptenum an- 
norum, Cic. Verr. 2, 49, 122. 8. letters, 
*literae septenae, not literae septem, 
which would mean s. letters of the 
alphabet. Phr.: s. times, septies, id. 
Phil. 2, 37, 93: cf. Liv. 28, 6, med.: a 
period of s. years, septem anni Ss. sep- 
tuennium which is v. late (R. and A.). 
-fold: 1, septemplex, plicis 
(with s. layers): a s. shield, s. clipeus, 
Virg. Aen. 12,925; Ov. M. 13, 2. 9: 
poet. septéni, ae, a: s. coil (of a serpent), 
s. volumina, Virg. Aen. 5,85. 3, trans. 
by circl. septies tantum, quam quantum, 
etc., they have reaped s., septies tantum 
quam quantum satum sit, ablatum est 
ab iis, Cic. Verr. 3, 43, 102. Phr.: the 
seed yields a s. return, ex eodem se- 
mine cum septimo redit, cf. Cic. Verr. 3, 
47, fin. 

— hundred: septingenti septin- 
geni (distrib.): pass. 

seventeen: septemdécim s. sep- 
tendécim: we are numbered among the 
s. nations of Sicily, nos in s. populis 
Siciliae numeramur, Cic. Verr. 5, 47; 
124. Also separately ; septem et decem, 
Cic. de Sen. 6, 16: and decem et septem, 
Liv. 33, 21, fin.: he served his first 
campaign at the age of s., primum sti- 
pendium meruit annorum decem septem- 
que, Nep. Cato, 1, med.: s. thousand, 
decem septem millia, Liv. 24, 15, tit. 
Distrib. septeni déni (s. at a time). s. 
times, * septies déciés. 

seventeenth: septimus decimus. 

seventh; septimus: pass. Adv. 
Phr.: for the s. time, septimum, Cic. 
N. D. 3, 32, fin.: also septimo, Gell. Io, 
1: the soldiers of the s. legion, septi- 
mani, Tac. H. 3, 25, med. 

seventieth: septiiagésimus. the s. 
year, annus s., Cic. Div. 1, 23, 46: the s. 
a castra septuagesima, Liv, 28, 16, 





seventy : septilaginta: a hundred 
and s., centum s., Cic. Verr. 3, 52, 121: 
s.-seven years, septem et 8. annos, Nep. 
Att. 21, init. Distrib. septiageni: s. 


feet each, s. pedes, Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 92. 


Phr.: a mam s. years old, homo septua- 
ginta annos natus, ef. Cic. Brut. 20, fin.: 
homo septiiagénarius, Callistr. Dig. 50, 6, 
5, $7: s. times, septiiagies, Col. 5, 2, 7 

seventy-fold* cum septuagesimo - 
V. SEVEN-FOLD. 

sever : separo, disjungo, etc.: v. TO 
SEPARATE. 

several: |. Separate, distinct: 
expr. by singili, ae, a: Vv. EACH, SINGLE. 
(Privus in this sense is peculiar to Lucr. : 
cf. N. R. 4, 261, privam quamque par- 
ticulam, each s. atom.) See also SEVER- 
ALLY. ||, Denoting a number; more 





than one or two: 1, aliquot, zndecl.: 
s. (a considerable number) letters, a. epi- 
stolae, Cic. Fam. 7, 18: for s. reasons, a, 
de causis, Caes. B. G. 3, 2. 2. plires, 
a(more than one): more counsel in $s 
than in one, plus in pluribus consilii 
quam in uno, Cic. Rep. 1, 35: Caes. 
8, strengthened from preced. com- 
plires, a (a good many): Cic,. Caes. 
Phr.: s. times, aliquoties, Cic. Quint. 1, 
3 also, pluries (more than once), Caes. 
B. C. 1, 79. and compluries (a good 
many times), Cato in Gell. (both these 
latter rare). 
severally: expr. by singiili, ae, a 
(each singly): opp. to universi (all to- 
gether), Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 85: V. SINGLY 
ee peculiar to Lucr.: v. SEVERAL, 
severe : 1. Characterized by 
harshness , giving no indulgence : aL 
dirus (harsh and inflexible): as. father, 
d. pater, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 30: @ some- 
what s. judge, judex durior, Cic. Fin. 
2, 19, 62. Join durus atque in- 
exorabilis, Ter. 2, acer, cris, cre 
(denoting an active and energetic quality, 
as durus denotes ratuer a passive one) ; 
s. masters, domini acres, Lucr. 6, 63: 
to punish a pernicious citizen with s.r 
punishments than the bitterest enemy, 
acrioribus suppliciis civem perniciosum 
quam acerbissimum hostem coercere, 
Cie; Cates sais: 8. gravis (in this 
sense only of things): we have a decree 
of the Senate against the2, Catiline, ur- 
gent and s., habemus Senatus consultum 
in te, Catilina, vehemens et grave, ib. 1, 
1, 3: to inflict a very s. punishment, 
gravissimum supplicium sumere, Caes, 
B. G.1, 31, fin. 4, sévérus (rigorous, 
strict: also in present sense only of 
things): a very s. discipline, disciplina 
maxime s., Quint. I, 2, 5: Lycurgus the 
author of very s. and just laws, Lycur- 
gus severissimarum justissimarumque 
legum auctor, Vell. 1, 6: @ rather s. 
punishment, paulo severior poena, Sall. 
C. 51, med. 5, inclémens (wnmerci- 
ful): Liv. 8, 32, med. (de Papirio dicta- 
tore). Il. Grave, sober, sedate to an 
extreme : 1, sévérus: a s.and grave 
citizen, civis s. et gravis, Cic. Am. 25, 
gs: the gravest and s.st of all men, om- 
nium gravissimus et severissimus, id. 
de Or. 2, 56, 228. the most s. school of 
the Stoics, Stoicorum secta severissima, 
Quint. 1, I0, 15. 2. austérus: v. 
AUSTERE, STERN. 8, horridus (stern, 
austere) : Hor. Od. 3, 21, Io. Join: 
[vir] paulo horridior et durior, Plin. Ep. 
EP ey Ill. Rigidly exact; as as. 
style : 1, sévérus: a harsh and s. 
style of oratory, triste et s. genus di- 
cendi, Cic. Brut. 30, 113: the muse of s. 
tragedy, s. musa tragoediae, Hor. Od. 2, 
Tis GY 2, austérus (lit. sowr, harsh- 
flavoured : hence, as opp. to exuber= 
ance and lusciousness of style, etc.): & 
s. style of oratory, oratio a., Quint. 9, 4, 
128: that he may have a s. and solid 
not a luscious and effeminate sweetness 
of expression, ut suavitatem habeat a. 
et solidam, non dulcem atque decoctam, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 103. 3, gravis: v. 
GRAVE, DIGNIFIED. IV. Sharp, of a 
season; distressing,as pain: ], gra- 
vis (bad, dangerous): @ s. wound, vul- 
nus g., Caes. B. G. 1, 48. 2, acer 
(acute, puinful): @ 8. disease, a. mor- 
bus, Pl. Men. 5, 2, 121: s. winter, a. 
hiems, Hor. Od. 1, 4, I. 3. dirus- s. 
pains, a. dolores, Virg. Aen. 5,5: S. cold, 
d. frigus, Pl. Men. 5, 6, 10: s. hunger, 
fames d., Hor. S. 1, 2, 6. 4, acerbus 
(extremely painful): a very s. punish= 
ment, supplicium acerbissimum, Cic. Cat. 
4, 6,12 the s. cold, frigus a. Hor. Ep. 
1) 1, 532 5, atrox, cis (violent and 
deadly): @ s. storm, a. tempestas, Tac. 
A. II, 31, fin. 
severely : |. Harshly . with 
rigour : 1, durée, diriter (harshly, 
rigorously): Cic. Lig. 6, 17 (compar.) + 
Ter. v. HARSHLY. Q. aspéré (with 
anger and acrimony): M. Cato was 
s. spoken of among the Roman people, 
M Cato apud populum Romanum a. 











zs 


SEVERITY 





locutus est, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227. 3: 
graviter: it is very s. and cruelly 
decreed concerning the tribunes of the 
people, de tribunis plebis gravissime ac | 
acerbissime decernitur, Caes. B.C. 1, 5: 
I do not wish to speak too s. against 
him, nolo in illum gravius dicere, Ter. 
Ad. 1, 2, 60 Cic. Lig. 6, 17, where 
gravissime stands as a kind of superl. to 
dure: v. supr. (1). 4, atrociter (in 
a fierce, savage way): menacing any- 
one too $.,alicui nimis a. minitans, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 62, 160. 5, acriter: to flog 
any one very s., virgis acerrime caedere, 
ib. §, 54, 142: to blame very s., acerrime 
vituperare, id. Att. 7, 5. Il. Strictly, 
rigorously: 1, séveré: he rigorously 
and s. separates pleasure from the good, 
graviter et s, voluptatem secernit a 
bono, id. Fin. 2, 8, 24: to write more s. 
to any one, ad aliquem severius scribere, 
Caes. B.C. 3,25. 2, austéré (sternly, 
austerely): Cato argues with me s. and 
like a Stoic, agit mecum a. et stoice Cato, 
Cic. Mur. 35, 74. II]. Chiefly of phy- 
sical effects; dangerously, seriously : 
graviter: s. wounded, g. ictus, Livy. 21, 
4, extr.: to be s. iti, g. aegrotare, Cic. 
Off. 1, 10, 32: to be very s. frightened by 
peril of death, gravissime mortis peri- 
culo terreri, Caes. B. G. 5, 30. 
severity: |, Harshness, rigour: 
1, séveéritas (in good or bad sense): 
s. of the courts, judiciorum s., Cic. Sull. 
fin. (opp. to lenitas ac misericordia): 
censoriat s. (in good sense), censoria s., 
id. Pis. 4, jin.: Caes. 92. acerbitas 
(extreme and cruel s.): Cic. Sull. 1. c. (see 
the place). 8. diritia (not in Cic.). 
s. of laws, d. legum (opp. to lenitas), 
Suet. Cl. 14: Tac. 4, atrocitas (sav- 
age and bloody s.): v. CRUELTY. Phr. : 
to treat the guilty with s., nocentes in- 
sectari, Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 2: ef. Cic. Am. 
16, 57, acerbius in aliquem invehi, in- 
sectarique vehementius. §, austéritas 
(rare in this sense): Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 5 (s. 
in criticism). ||, Austereness: 1, | 
sévéritas (esp. a proper and laudable 
strictness): Yer. Andr. 5, 2, 16 (tristis 
8. in vultu, in good sense). Join: gra- 
vitas severitasque, Cic. Mur. 31, jin. 
(The excess of severitas passes into 
tristitia and morositas, gloominess and 
moroseness: cf. Gierig on Plin. Ep. 1, 
10,7.)  Q, horror (late in this sense: 
denotes an excess of austerity): Plin. 
Ep.ib. 3, expr. by circuml. with adj. : 
Vv. SEVERE (II.). Ill. Great nicety 
in taste or judgment: sévéritas: Plin. 
Ep. 3, 18, 19 (“severitas aurium alias 
tribuitur iis qui excellunt in dijudicando 
numero oratorio et sono verborum, 
Quint. 9, 4, 116.”—Gierig). See also 
NICETY. , As denoting extreme 
degree of pain, cold, etc. ; and generally, 
y tobe borne: 1, gravitas: 
s. of climate, g. coeli [aquarumque, re- 
ferring to heavy rains), Liv. 23, 34, med. : 
8. of a disease, g. morbi, Cic. N. b. ks 
76. Q, vis, rigor: v. INTENSITY. 3, 
intempéries, €i (of climate): Liv. 8, 18, 
init. (where, however, the phr. denotes 
not intensity or rigour of cold, but 
rather wnhealthiness in general). 4. 
inclémentia: esp. of climate: inc. coeli, 
Just. 9, 2, med. (late, however, in this 
sense), 5, expr. by adj.: such is the 
8. of the climate, adeo acria frigora sunt : 
V. SEVERE (IV.). 
sew (v.): suo, sui, situm, 3: cover- 
ings of the bodies either woven or sewn, 
tegumenta corporum vel texta vel suta, 
Cic, N. D, 2,60, 150 to s. up an aper- 
ture (in surgery), foramen s., Cels. 9, 4, 
3. Comp.: (1.) consuo, 3 (to s. up or 
together: rare): to s. together a tunic, 
tunicam c., Varr. L. L. 9, 47, 79. (2.) 
obsuo, 3 (to s. on or up): a Ssewn-up 
litter, lectica obsuta, Suet. Tib. 64: Ov. 
(3.) insuo, 3 (to s. up in): to s, up any 
one in a@ sack, aliquem in culeum i., Cic. 
Rose. Am. 25,70. (4.) transuo s. trans- 
su0, 3 (to s. through). to s. through the 
outer portion of the eyelid with a needle, 
exterlorem partem palpebrae acu t., Cels, 
9.7.8: Ov Phr.: to s, up the mouth | 
of a wound, oras vulneris suturis come 








SHADE 


mittere, Cels.- to be sewn, acu trajectari, 
Cels. 7, 14, med. 

sewed (adj.): 1, sitilis (made | 
by sewing): a s. belt, s. balteus, Virg. | 


Aen. 12, 273. 2. expr. by part. of 
verbs in preced. art. 
sewer : |. A drain: cliaca (the 


main s. of a town): to make s.s, cloacas | 
ducere, Liv. 1, 38, fin.: to choke the 8.8 
with the bodies of citizens, civium cor- | 
poribus cloacas refercire, Cic. Sest. 35, 
jin. Relating to s.s, of 8.8, cloacalis (v. | 
rare), Sid.; the goddess of s.8, Cloacina | 
or Cluacina (sc. Venus), Plin.: Lact. 
See also DRAIN. I]. One who sews: 
qui (quae) suit, etc. (Sutor always 
denotes a shoemalcer, cobbler.) 

sex: 1, sexus, fis, m.: the human 
race is considered in respect of s., whether 
it is male or female, hominum genus in 
sexu consideratur, virile an muliebre 
sit, Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35: @ child was born 
of doubtful s., between a male and a fe- 
male, natus ambiguo inter marem ac 
feminam sexu infans, Liv. 27, 11, init. : 
the different s.s, diversi s., Quint. 9, 3, 
63. 2, form sécus, indecl. n. (used 
by best writers depending upon another 
subs. expressed or understood): ten 
thousand freemen of the male s., liber- 
orum capitum virile s. ad decem millia, 
Liv. 26, 47, init.: a multitude of the 
besieged, of every age, of the male and 
female s., multitudo obsessorum omnis 
aetatis, virile ac muliebre s., Tac. H. 5, 
13: cf. id. A. 4, 62. 

sexagenarian: sexagénarius: a s. 
had married the virgin Publilia, s. Pub- 
liliam virginem duxerat, Quint. 6, 3, 75: 
Eutr. 





sextant: sextans, ntis, m.: as ¢. t.: 
v. Smith’s Lat, Dict. s. v. 
sexton: no exact equiv.: perh. 


aedituus s. aeditimns (guardian or 
keeper of a temple): Vv. SACRISTAN. 

sextuple; *sextuplex, icis. 

sexual: 1, sexiialis (pertaining 
to sex: rare and very late): Coel. Q, 
naturalis (belonging to nature): s. de- 
sires, desideria n., Col. 6, 24, init. : the s 
organs, loca naturalia, or simply natur- 
alia, Cels. 7, 21. Phr.: s. intercourse, 
congressus, coitus, etc.; V. INTERCOURSE 
(iI.). 

shabbily: |. Raggedly or meanly 
clothed: obsdlété: to be clothed rather 
s., obsoletius vestiri, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, 
152. Less expressively, male vestitum 
esse, id. Pis. 25, 61. I], In @ despic- 


able manner, meanly : 1, sordidé: 
Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 352: Suet. 2. ma- 
ligné: Vv. STINGILY, MBANLY. 4 
shabbiness : |. Of clothing : 
obsoleta vestis: Vv. SHABBY. Yi. OF 


conduct: sordes, ium, f.: to charge any- 
one with s., 8. alicui objicere, Hor. S. 1, 
6,68: Cic. Alsc rarely in sing., nullam 
sordem, no piece of s., Cic. Fl. 3, 7: Vv. 
MEANNESS, 

shabby: |. Of clothing, ragged, 
torn: obsdlétus (worn out): his clothes 
were s., erat veste obsoleta, Liv. 27, 34: 
rather s. clothes, vestitus obsoletior, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 5, 13. For syn. v. RAGGED, 
WoRNOUT. fj, Of persons: clothed with 
ragged garments: 1, pannosus (full of 
rags): s. men, homines p., id. Att. 4, 3, 
Jjin.: Just. 2. perh. horridiilus: a s. 
companion (a trifle seedy and out at 
elbows), comes h., Pers. I, 54. Il. 
Mean in conduct : 1, sordidus: he 
was so s. that he never clothed himself 
any better than a slave, ita s. ut se non 





unquam servo melius vestiret, Hor. S. 1, 
I, 96. 2. perh. milignus: v. STINGY. 
shackle: het ey compes, etc. : 
shackles: { Vv. CHAIN, FETTER. 
shackle (v.): vinculis constringere ; 
compedibus vincire, etc.: Vv. TO FETTER, 
BIND. 
shad. dlausa: Aus. (*Clipea aldsa: 


Linn.) 
shade (subs.): |, Absence of a shel- 
ter from light: 1, umbra: passim. 


Specially with ref. to art: light and s., 
umbrae et eminentia ( fem.), Cic. Ac. 2, 
9, 20. Plin. 2. expr. by dpacus: 
the cool s., opacum frigus, Virg. E. 1, 53: 


SHADY 





in the s., in opaco, Plin. 10, 20, 22. 7b 
cover with s., umbro, 1: Sil.: also, to 
cast a s. (intrans.), Col. 5, 7. Comp. 
obumbro, 1 (to overshadow): Ov.- Plin.: 
see also, TO SHADE (2). Casting a s, 
umbrifer, poet. in Cic. Div. 2, 30, 63: 
Virg.: Varr.: see also SHADY. ll. 
Fig., obscurity: Phr.: to cast any- 
one’s reputation into the s., alicujus 
nomini obficere, Liv. pref. init. (ef. ib.: 
in obscuro esse, to be un the s.): in sim. 
sense, res obscurare, opp. celebrare, Sall. 
Cat. 8. Il. An artificial shelter: 
umbractiilum: Ov. F. 2, 311: Mart.: v. 
PARASOL, IV. A disembodied spirit : 
1, Anima (soul): we set his s. to 
rest with a tomb, animam sepulchro 
condimus, Virg. Aen. 3, 67: 88 of the 
good, piae animae, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 17. 
2. in pl. only, manes, ium, m. (used 
both of the s.s of individuals, and collect. 
for the dead): the 8s. of Virginia at 
length had rest, m. Virginiae tandem 
quieverunt, Liv. 3, 58, extr.: to call up 
8.8. m. elicere, Hor. S. 1, 8, 29: Suet. 
Often called, in religious phraseology, 
Dii Manes: Cic. Leg. 2,9, extr.: whence, 
in sepulch. inscrr. the abbreviation D. M, 
= Dis Manibus. 3, umbra (poet.): 
the monarch of the s.s, umbrarum rex, 
Ov. M. 7, 249: Virg. Plur. of the s. of 
@ single person, matris agitabitur um 
bris, Virg. Aen. 6, 510. Hence, um- 
brifer, transporting s.s, epith. of Cha- 
ron’s boat, u. linter, Albin. 4, si- 
miulacrum (mere phantom): Virg.: Ov. 
Phr.: the house of s.s, domus exilis 
Plutonia, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 17. V. In 
pl. only, the s.s = infernal regions 1. 
manes, ium, m.: the unfathomable 8.8, 
m. profundi, Virg. G. t, 243: Hor. 9. 
inféri, orum; Orcus (strictly, the name 
of a person, Hades = Pluto, not a place): 
Tartarus, n. pl., Tartara: v. INFERNAL 
(regions). 
shade (v.): |. To shelter or screen 
From light: 1, dpaco, 1: the plane- 
tree spreads abroad its wide branches to 
s. this spot, platanus ad opacandum 
hune locum patulis est diffusa ramis, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 28: Lucan. 2. um- 
bro, 1: to s. the temples with an vaken 
wreath, tempora quercu u., Virg. Aen. 
6, 772: an oale tree s.d with its. foviage 
the summit of the mountain, quercus 
umbrabat coma summi fastigia montis, 
Sil. 5, 488. Comp.: (1.) adumbro, 1: 
the bunches of grapes are 8.d with straw, 
adumbrantur stramentis uvae, Col. 11, 
2,61. (2.) inumbro, 1: to s. couches by 
spreading foliage, tores obtentu frondis 
i., Virg. Aen. 11, 66. (3) dbumbro, 1: 
a grassy turf s.s the moist ground, 
gramineus madidam caespes ob. hu- 
mum, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 10. 8. expr. by 
umbra, with a verb: the hills s. the 
valleys, colles afferunt umbram vallibus, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 6: cf. diffundere umbras, 
Petr. 131. |j. In drawing; to gra- 
duate light and shade: perh. *lumina 
paullatim in umbras abeuntia designare, 
describere. 
shadow: 1, umbra: J am re 
solved to follow you like a s., certum est 
mihi, quasi umbra, te persequi, Pl. Cas. 
1, 4: to be afraid of (mere) 8.8, um- 
bras timere, Cic. Att. 15, 20. 4 
sometimes perh. similacrum (mere tm- 
age, external form): you are only the s. 
of yourself, *merum simulacrum tai 
ipsius esse videris: Vv. PHANTOM. Phr.i 
not as. of an excuse, *nulla ne minima 
quidem excusatio. 


shadowy: |, Sheltered from the 


light: v. SHADY. I]. Unreal, un 
substantial : 1, inanis, vanus: v. 
UNSUBSTANTIAL. Q. perh. exilis, e- 


ef. Hor. Od. 1, 4, fin., domus exilis Plu- 
tonia, Pluto’s shadowy abode. 

shady: i. e. casting a shade, overe 
spread with shade: 1, dpiicus (shad- 
ed, dark with shade): on a green and 
s. bank, in viridi o.que ripa, Cic. Leg. 1, 
5,15: the shadiest pastures, opacissima 
nemorum pascua, Col. 6, 22, Some- 
times =casting a shade ek Virg. 
Aen, 11, 851 (0. ilex). . umbrésus 
(abounding in shade): I have never seen 

731 


SHAFT 





a shadier place in summer, ego locum 
aestate umbrosiorem nunquam vidi, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 3, 1,2. the s. wood, silva u., Ov. 
M. 1, 693- 3, umbrifer (casting a 
shade: poet.): under a Ss. piane-tree, 
snb platano u., Cic. Div. 2, 30, 63. 
shaft: |, A missile: 1, sagitta : 
Vv. ARROW. 9. télum (poet. in this 
sense): to aim ss from the bow, tela 
dirigere arcu, Hor. Od. 4, 9, 17- Fig.: 
the s.s of fortune, tela fortunae, Cic. Fam. 
5, 16, init. I]. The handle of a wea- 
pon: hastile, is, n. (ef a spear, opp. to 
spiculum, the tron point): leaning on 
the s. of his spear, hastili nixus, Cic. 
Rab. perd. 7, 21: the iron point, which 
(separated) from the s. had remained 
in his body, ferrum, quod ex h. in cor- 
pore remanserat, Nep. Epam. 9, fin. 
Il. Zhe narrow opening forming 
the descent to a mine: 1, putéus 
well, mine, excavation of any kind): 
lin. 37, 4, 21: Vitr.: to sink a S., 
*puteum demittere: v. TO SINK, trans, 
Q, arrigia: Plin. 33, 4, 2%. § 77- 
IV. In architecture; the s. of a 
column : 1, scapus: Vitr. 3, 2, 59. 
9, truncus: Vitr.4,1,7. V. Of 
a carriage: témo, dnis, m. (4 single pole 
or s. fixed to the middle of the chariot or 
carriage) : Caes. BG. 4,33: Virg. The 
s.s, perh. * temo bifurcus. 
shag: @ kind of cloth having a long 
coarse nap: perh. 1, amphimallum 
(=Gr. apdipaddov ; a woollen cloth 
shaggy on both sides): Plin. 8, 48, 73, 
§ 193. 9. gausaipa, ae; Ss. gausapes, 
is, m.; Ss. gausapum, ib.. Vv. FRIEZE. 
shaggy: |, Rough with long hair 
or wool: 1, hirsiitus (poet. in this 
sense): the s. breast of Hercules, pectus 
Herculis h., Prop. 4,9. 49: with s. legs 
and cheeks, hirsutis cruribus genisque, 
Mart. 10, 65, 9: s. beard, bh. barba, Ov. 
M. 13, 766. Q. hirtus : s. sheep, oves 
h., Varr. R. R. 2,2, 19: the s. faces (of the 
Scythians), ora h. (Scythis), Curt. 4, 13: 
a s. tunic, tunica h., Nep. Dat. 3, init. 
3, villdsus (covered with a thick 
jleece-like coat): a Ss. lion, leo v., Virg. 
‘Aen. 8, 177: the breast (of Cacus) s. 
with stiff hairs, v. setis pectora, ib. 8, 
266. 4, hispidus (hairy: poet.): as. 
forehead, frons h., ib. 10, 210: @ S. Jace, 
facies h., Hor. Od. 4,10, 5. [I]. Rough, 
ragged: horridus: v. ROUGH, KAGGED. 
shagginess: expr. by adj.: v. 
sHaGGyY. (Hirstitia, v. rare and late: 
Sol.) 
shah: in Persian, a monarch: Rex 
Persarum. 
shake (v.)+ A, Trans.: I. 
To move rapidly one way or the other, 
toagitate: 1, quitio, no perf., ssum, 
3: the horse was s.ing his head with 
great violence, (quum) equus magna vi 
caput quateret, Liv. 8, 7, med.: to Ss. 
the plain, campum q., Virg. Aen. 11, 
.895° to make the people s. their sides with 
laughter, risu populum q., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
84. Comp.: (1.) concittio, ssi, ssum, 3 
(to s. together or violently) : to s. the 
head, caput c., Ov. M. 2, 50 the theatre 
being shaken by the eurthquake, con- 
cusso terrae motu theatro, Suet. Ner. 20. 
(2.) déciitio, 3 (to s. down or off): the 
north-wind hath shaken off the leafy 
honours from the woods, silvis aquilo 
decussit honorem, Virg. G. 2, 404: fo s. 
off the dew, rorem d., Virg. G. 4, 12. 
(3.) exciitio, 3 (to s. out or off): they 
ordered the pig to be shaken out of his 
cloak, porcellum pallio excuti jubebant, 
Phaedr. 5, 5, 19° she shook out her 
hair, caesariem excussit, Ov. M. 4, 492: 
the winds s. the apples off, poma venti 
excutiunt, ib. 14. 764. Fig.: we will s. 
off all alluring pleasures, excutiemus 
omnes delicias, Cic. Coel. 28, 67. Fre- 
ae quasso, I (to s. repeatedly or vio- 
ly): Mezentius shook his Etruscan 
pine [Bees pinum quassabat Etruscam 
Mezentius, Virg. Aen. 9, 521: the god s.s 
the bough wet with Lethaean dew over 
both his temples, ramum Lethaeo rore 


madentem super utraque quassat tem- | 


pora, ib. 5, 854. Comp. conquasso, no 
perf., 1 (strengthened from simple verb). 
132 





| 
‘ 


SHALL 


Apulia had been violently and repeatedly 
shaken by very great earthquakes, Apu- 
lia maximis terrae motibus conquassata 
erat, Cic. Div. 1, 43,97. Fig-: all the 
intellect ts violently shaken (i. e. tm- 
paired), omnis mens quassatur, Lucr. 3, 
599: (we saw) even foreign nations vio- 
lently shaken by the madness of that 
year, etiam exteras nationes illius anni 
furore conquassatas, Cic. Sest. 26, itt. 
2, agito, 1 (to move quickly to and 
fro): to s. the reins, habenas a., Ov. M. 
7, 221: (the woods of ) Tempe shalen by 
the zephyrs, zephyris agitata Tempe, 
Hor. Od. 3, 1, 24. 3, tréméfacio, 
féci, factum, 3 (to cause to tremble): 
Jupiter nodded, and shook all Olympus 
with his nod, Jupiter annuit et totum 
nutu tremefecit Olympum, Virg. Aen. 
10, 115: he shook (i.e. made to quake) 
Lerna with his bow, Lernam tremefecerit 
arcu, ib. 6, 804. 4, Svllicito, 1 (to put 
in motion, disturb): he s.s the javelins 
in his right hand, spicula dextra solli- 
Citat, ib. 12, 404: fo Ss. the whole world 
with earthquakes, totum tremoribus or- 
bem s., Ov. M. 6, 699. 5, vibro, « 
(to cause to quiver): the breezes shook 
the garments, vibrabant flamina vestes, 
Ov. M. 1, 528: V. TO BRANDISH. Ij, 
To make to totter or tremble : 1, 1a- 
béfacio, féci, factum, 3: @ gieat portion 
of the wall having been shaken, magna 
parte muri labefacta, Caes. B. C. 2, 22, 
init.: the house was shaken, aedes labe- 
factae sunt, cf. Tac. A.1,5, med. Fig. 
(of the mind): whom no force, no 
threats, no obloquy, have ever shaken, 
quem nulla unquam vis, nullae minae, 
nulla invidia labefecit, Cic. Sest. 47, 101 : 
to s. (the fidelity of ) the commanders of 
the naval forces, primores classiariorum 
1, Tac. A. 15, 51,¢ut. 2, labéfacto, 1 
(frequent. of the above): to s. a statue 
by means of levers, signum vectibus L, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 94-. Fig.: to s. the 
mind, animum lab., Lucr. 6, 799: fo s. 
and pervert friendship or justice, ami- 
citiam aut justitiam lab. aut pervertere, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 70. 3, conciitio, 3 (to 
s. with great wolence: in fig. sense): to 
s. the republic, rempublicam c., Cic. Ph. 
2, 42, 109: to s. the power of the Lace- 
daemonians, opes Lacedaemoniorum C., 
Nep. Epam. 6, fin. 4, commdveo, 
movi, motum, 2: let us try whether we 
can s. the collateral parts of your argu- 
ment, reperiamus si possimus cornua Cc. 
disputationis tuae, Cic. Div. 2, 10, fin. 
Phr.: he endeavoured to s. the public 
credit, fidem moliri coepit, Liv. 6, 11, 
n. B. Intrans.: |. To be agi- 
tated with a waving motion: ie 
expr. by refl. pass. of verbs under (A): 
which see. Quasso is sometimes in- 
trans.: he walks with s.ing head, quas- 
santi capite incedit, Pl. Asin. 2, 3, 23: 
cf. Virg. G. 1, 74 (siliqua quassante). 
9. trémo, ui, 3 (to tremble, quiver) : 
the sails s., vela tr., Lucr. 4,75 : the north 
wind snaps the s.ing oalcs, aquilo frangit 
trementes ilices, Hor. Epod. to, 8. Sy 
trémisco, 3: the high places of the earth 
s. with thunder, tonitru tr. ardua ter- 
rarum, Virg. Aen. 5, 694: J bid the 
mountains s., jubeo tr. montes, Ov. M. 
4, 205. 4, inhorresco, horrui, 3 (in a@ 
rustling manner) : the air set in motion 
by the wings shook, pennis agitatus in- 
horruit aer, id. Pont. 3, 3, 9. i. Zo 
tremble with fear, quiver: V.TO SHUD- 
DER, TREMBLE. 1 
shake : . quassatio : 
shake fsubs.: ; the s. of their 
heads, capitum q., Liv 22, 17, tnit. 
Q. or expr. by verb: v. TO SHAKE: 
he gave him a hearty s. of the hand, 
*manum ejus effusissime amantissime- 
que compressam tenuit. 
shall: |. As sign of future tense : 
expr. by fut.tndic. — ||. implying duty 
or command . 1, expr. by fut. im- 
perat.: thou shalt not kill, ne occidito . 
cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 8, hominem mortuum 
in urbe ne urito neve sepelito (Vulg. 
Ex. xx. 13, has non occides, as in the 
other commandments; but this is false 
Latinity). 2, expr- by dportet, debeo, 





SHAME 


etc.; or by gerund, part.: Vv. OUGHT, 
MUST. 

shallop: small boat: perh.scapha: 
Vv. BOAT, SKIFF. 

shallow (subs.): 1, vidum: the 
Rhone is crossed in some places by means 
of as. (ford), Rhodanus nonnullis locis 
vado transitur, Caes. B. G. 1, 6: having 
found s.s there, they endeavoured to lead 
over a part of their forces, ibi vadis re- 
pertis partem suarum copiarum trans- 
ducere conati sunt, ib. 2,9: Liv. 21, 31, 
extr. Fig.: my speech seems to have 
got out of the s.s, and. to have sailed past 
the cliffs, emersisse e vadis et scopulos 
praetervecta videtur oratio mea, Cic. 
Coel. 21, 51. 9, brévia, ium (n. plu., 
as in Gr. ra Bpaxyéa): nor could the s.s 
be distinguished from the deeps, neque 
discerni poterant b. a profundis, Tac. A. 
1, 70, med.: Virg. Aen. £, 111. 

shallow (adj.): |. Of things, not 
deep: 1, vadosus (full of shallows) : 
as. sea, mare v., Caes. B.C. 1, 25: @ S. 
river, amnis v., Virg. Aen. 7,728. 2. 
brévis, e (short in length or depth): a s. 
well, puteus b., Juv. 3, 226: s. fords, b. 
vada, Virg. Aen. 5, 221. 3. bumilis, 
e (rare in this sense): he himself traces 
out the walls with a s. trench, ipse humili 
designat moenia fossa, ib. 7,157: Tac. A. 
1, 61, med. 4, often expr. by altus, 
with a negative: (the river) broader, 
and therefore s.er, latior eoque minus 
alto alveo, Liv. 21, 27: quite s., minime 
alto alveo, etc. Il. Fig.: of intel- 
lectual qualities: Phr.: Ss. learning, 
levis rerum cognitio; parum subtilis 
doctrina, (Kr.): a man of very s. learn- 
ing, qui nonnisi primoribus labris literas 
gustavit: cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 20. 

shallowness: |. Lit.: no single 
equiv.: expr. by vada (abstr. for cons 
crete): navigation 7s interrupled on 
account of the s. of the river, propter 
vada: or by adj.: v. SHALLOW (subs. 
and adj.). I. Fig.: Of intellectual 
qualities: 1, perh. jejunitas: s. of 
learning, j. bonarum artium, Cic. de Or. 
2, 3; 10: 9. lévitas: s. of thought, 1. 
opinionis, id. N. D. 2, 17, 45- 

sham (subs. and adj.): expr. by simu- 
latus, falsus, fictus, etc.: v. PRETENDED, 
PRETENCE. 

sham (v.): similo, 1: 
TEND, FEIGN. 

sham-fight ; pugnae simiilacrum : 
he exhibited a naval s.-f., classem osten- 
dit simulacrum edentem navalis pugnae, 
Liv. 29, 22: s0, id. 26, 51: cf. Virg. Aen. 
5, 585, pugnae cient [prose, edunt. 
simulacra sub armis (a phr. borrow! 
from Lucr.). Phr.: theyexecutedas.f. 
with wooden swords, rudibus inter se in 
modum justae pugnae concurrerunt, Liv. 
26, 51. (Not decursio, which, like the 
verb decurrere, denotes simply the per- 


v. TO PRE- 


formance of military evolution, as na 


review.) 

shambles: 1, laniéna (butcher’s 
stall) : the perfumers’ shops and the 8.5, 
myropolia et 1., Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 15: cf. 
Liv. 44, 16, extr. (lanienasque et tabernas 
conjunctas in publicum emit). Another 
form is liniarium; Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 3: 
also, mensa linidnia is found in Suet. 
Claud. 15, init. (N.B.—Carnarium = @ 
meat-safeor hook.) 2, macellum (gen. 
term). Vulg. 1 Cor. X. 25: V. MARKET. 

shambling (adj.):_ Phr.: to havea 
loose, s. gait, *incessu dissoluto ac parum 
firmo esse; quasi membris minus fir- 
miter inter se connexis incedere. 

shame (subs.): |. A feeling of 
or sensibility to disgrace : 1, pudor: 
s., the controller of desire, moderator 
cupiditatls p., Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 143: 5. om 
account of poverty, paupertatis p., Hor. 
Ep. 1, 18, 24. Phr. for shame! sit 
pudor, Mart. 8, 3,3: Ov. M. 5, 36. tohave 
lost all s., (omnem) pudorem exuisse : cf. 
Cic. Lig. 5,143 p- dimisisse 3. projecisse, 
Cic. (Kr.) : do you imagine me so brutal 
as to be lost to all sense of s.? adeone me 
ferum putas, ut neque me...- pudor 
commoveat? Ter. Andr. I, 5, 
expr. by os perfricuisse, Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 
31; cf. Mart. 11, 27 quum perfricuit 





; 








SHAME 





frontem posuitque pudorem: to have a 
keen sense of s., * pudore facillime (acer- 
rime) moveri: to do anything out of s., 
pudore s. verecundia adductum (im- 
pulsum) facere aliquid (Kr.). 2, vére- 
cundia (@ proper sense of 8.): 8. of wrong 
doing, turpitudinis v., Cic. Tusc. 5, 26, 
74. Join: pudor ac verecundia: id. 
Fin. 4 7, 18. 8. riibor (meton. : lit. 
blushing): to put to s., alicui ruborem 
incutere [et verecundiam] afferre, Liv. 
4c, 39, exti.: I feel s.on account of any- 
thing, pudet me alicujus rei: v. ASHAMED, 


TOBE. ||. That which causes a feeling 
of shame, a disg: ace : 1, dédécus: v. 
DISGRACE. 2, pidor: to publish any 


one’s s., vulgare alicujus p., Ov. H. 11, 79: 
the mark of a@ mother’s s., nota materni 
pudoris, Just. 3, 4, med. Phr.: ohs.! 
proh pudor, Petr. 81. 8. flagitium 
(an outrage on decency): a deed full of 
s. and disgrace, factum flagitii plenum 
et dedecoris, Cic. Att. 16, 7, med.: is it 
nota s.? ..nonne id flagitium est? .., 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 49. Join: dedecus 
et flagitium, Cic. Off. 3, 22, 86; pudor et 
flagitium, Tac. A. 3, 17, init. 4. pro- 
brum: Vv. DISGRACE. 5, riibor (rare): 
to be a source of s. to any one, alicui 
rubori esse, Liv. 45, 13, med.: Tac. 

shame (?/er).) : 1, pro ptdor! 
Petr. 81: Stat. Th. ro, 874. 2, when 
an object follows: pro, proh! with nom. 
or acc.: $. on our senate and corrupted 
morals! pro curia inversique mores! 
Hor. Od. 3, 5,7. 

shame (v.): i. e. to male ashamed : 
expr. by piidor, riibor, vérécundia, with 
a verb: e.g. pudore aliquem afficere 
(after anal. of metu, ignominia, honore, 
afficere, Cic.); alicui pudorem incutere, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 77; ruborem incutere, 
Liv. 45, 37, extr.; aliquem pudore suf- 
fundere, Plin. Pan. 2, extr.: Ov. Am. 3, 
3,5: Hier. (cf. ruborem suffundere, Liv. 
30, 15, init.=to put to the blush); 
pudore perfundere, Orell. ad Hor. 1. c.: 
ruborem afferre, Cic. Rep. 4, 63 cf. 
SHAME (subs.). 

—— -faced: piidens, vérécundus: v. 
MODEST. Stronger, piidibundus (rare): 
the s. matron, p. matrona, Hor. A. P. 233. 

— -facedness: vérécundia, pidor: 


shameful: 1. turpis (most gen. 
term): a s. flight or a glorious death, 
fuga t. aut gloriosa mors, Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 
97° luxury is s. for any age, but for old 
age positively disgusting, luxuria quum 
omni aetati t. tum senectuti foedissima 
est, id. Off. 1, 34, 123. 92. foedus 
(stronger than preced.): odious, revolt- 
ing: V. DISGUSTING, 8. flagitiosus 
(esp. of sexual offences): those are s. 
men who lust after sexual pleasures, 
fi. sunt qui venereas voluptates con- 
cupiscunt, id. Tusc. 4, 32,68: a vicious 
and s. life, vitiosa et fi. vita, id. Fin. 2, 
28, 93: to commit most s. crimes, fa- 
cinora flagitiosissima facere, Sall. J. 32. 
Strengthened, perflagitiosus (v. rare): 
a very disgraceful and s. thing, per- 
turpe ac perflagitiosissimum, Cic. Coel. 
20, fin. 4, obscaenus: v. OBSCENE. 
5, probrosus: vy. SCANDALOUS, IN- 
Famous. Phr.: shameful, indignum, 
Ov. M. 5, 36: indignum facinus, Ter. 
Andr. 1, 1, 118: wt not this posi- 
tively s.? *nonne huec vel durissimi 
oris homini pudorem (ruborem) incu- 
tere possint ? 
shamefully: 1. turpiter: to do 
anything s. and wickedly, t. et nequiter 
facere aliquid, Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 36° Caes.: 
Hor. 2, fuedé: v. FOULLY. 3. in- 
hOnest€; v.pIsHONOURABLY. 4, flagi- 
tiosé: to live vilely ands. (i.e. a vileand 
shameful life), impure et f. vivere, Cic. 
Fin. 3, 11, 38: to abandon any one s., 
ab aliquo f. desciscere, id. ib. 5, 31, 94. 
§, impiré (vicious! and sensually) : 
to act s. and disgracefully, facere 1. atque 
tetre, id. Div 1, 29, 60. Join: im- 
pure atque flagitiose, id. Fin. 3, 11, 38: 
also, impure atque tetre, id. Div. 1, 29, 
60. , nefaris (heinously, abomi- 


nably): Cic. 7 spurc® (foully): 


Join. tam spurce, tam impie, Cic. Ph, | 


SHAPE 
2, 38, extr. 8, probrdsé (infamously): 
Sen.: Gell. 
shamefulness: 1, turpitido: v. 


BASENESS; DISGRACE, 
flagitium: expelled from the senate on 
account of the s. of his life, propter fla- 
gitia senatu motus: cf. L. G. § 541. 
shameless: 1. impiidens (both 
of persons and deeds): a s, face, i. 0s, 
Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 22: as. lie, i. mendacium, 
Cic. Clu. 60, 168: 8s. J left my father’s 
house, \. liqui patrios penates, Hor. Od. 
2, 29, 49. 2. invérécundus: a s. dis- 
position, inv. animi ingenium, Cic. Inv. 
I, 45. 83 (poet.): a s. face, inv. frons, 
Quint. 2, 4, 16. 3. imprdbus (bold, 
intrusive): the more s. flattery is..,, 
quo improbior adulatio..., Sen. Q. N. 
4, pref. med.: @ s. person, improbi oris 
homo, Suet. Gr. 15. 4. in connexion 
with os; diirus (that cannot be put to 
the blush): 8. fellow (brazen-face)! os 
durum! Ter. Eun. 4,7,36. 5, extr. rare, 
expiiddratus (divested of all shame): 
Petr. 39, med. (ex, frons). Phr.; an 
utterly s. person, quem libidinis infa- 
miaeque neque pudet neque taedet, Cic. 
Verr. Act. 1, 12, 35: to be quite s., os 
perfricuisse ; (Omnem) posuisse pudo- 
rem: V. SHAME, subs. (1. 1). 
shamelessly : 1, impiidenter 
to lie s., i. mentiri, Cic. Verr. 4, 7, 
16, 2. invérécuudé. Sen.: Quint. 
3. impiré: Join: impure atque 
flagitiose, Cic. Fin. 3, 11, 38. 4, pro- 
tervé: Vv. WANTONLY. See also, DIS- 
GRACEFULLY, INFAMOUSLY. 
shamelessness: _1. impiidentia: 
relying on s, and audacity, i. atque 
audacia fretus, Cic. Fl. 15, 35: Caes, 
2, expr. by adj.: e.g. inverecun- 
dum animi ingenium (shameless disposi- 
tion) ; improbum os, durum os (e//7on- 
tery which cannot be put to the blush) : 
Vv. SHAMELESS, 3. invérécundia (v. 
rare); Arn. 4. impiidicitia: v, un- 
CHASTITY. 
shammer: simiilator, dissimiilator 
V. PRETENDER. 
shampoo (v.): 1, frico, w, ctum 
and catum, 1 (to rub): Pl. Poen. 1, 2, to: 
(lavari aut fricari aut tergeri): Mart. 
2, perb. tracto (to manipulate) : 
ef, foll. art. 
shampooer: 1. tractator (a slave 
who manipulated his master’s limbs 
while anointing them): Sen. Ep. 66, 
extr. Fem. tractatrix (a female sham- 
pooer): Mart. 3, 82, 13 2. perh. 
alipta or aliptes, ae (Gr. adeirrys" an 
anointer, who at the same time rubbed 
and manipulated the body of the 
bather) : Juv, 6, 422 - Cels. 3, frictor 
(rubber): Coel. Aur, 
shamrock; trifolium: Plin. 
shank: |. Zhe whole joint from 
the knee to the ankle; criis, criiris, n.: 
Cels. 8, 1, extr.: cf. SHIN. Il. Zhe 
long part of a column or candlestick : 
perh. scapus:; V. SHAFT. 
shanty; perh. tigiirium: v. HurT, 
CABIN. 
shape (subs.): |, Form or figure: 
1, forma: v, FORM. 2. confor- 
matio: the s. and figure of the ulhole 
face and body, c. atque figura totius 
oris et corporis, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114. 
8. figtira. the s. and form of our 
body, f. et forma corporis nostri, id. Fin. 
5, 12, 35: bisons have the look and colour 
and s. of a@ bull, uri sunt specie et colore 
et figura tauri, Caes. B. G. 6, 28, init. 
4, figitratio (late; not in Cic.) 
Plin. 11, 37, 88. 5, facies v. FORM. 
||. An external appearance, shadowy 
outline: similacrum, forma: v. FORM, 


PHANTOM. 

shape (v.): A, Trans.: |, 7 
Jorm or create; formo, coniormo, tingo, 
figiiro, etc.: v. TO FORM. |, Zo mould 
or make into a particular form : Ls 
formo, 1: matter which the efficient 
cause s.s, materia veo format effectio, 
Cic. Acad. 1, 2, 6. Fig.: we s. and 
fashion words like the so*test waz to 
our will, verba nos, sicut mollissimam 
ceram ad nostrum arbitrium formamus 
et fingimus, id. de Or 3, 45,177: tos.a 











SHARE 


speech, orationem f., ib. 2, 9. 36. C 5 
(1). conformo, 1. if I thought that the 
world had been built, not shaped by 





2. use pl. of | nature, si mundum aedificatum esse, 


non a natura conformatum putarem, id, 
N. D. 3, 10, fin. Fig.: to s. the mind 
and intellect by reflection on excellent 
men, animum et mentem cogitatione 
hominum excellentium ¢., id. Arch 6, 
Jin. (2). d&iormo, 1 (less freq.): tow 
marbles, nmiarmora d., Quint. 5, II, 30 
Cic. Sull. 26, 73 (in fig. sense). (3). in- 
formo, 1; to 8. a shweld, Virg. Aen. 8, 
447. 2. fingo, finxi, neium, 3; Vv. To 
MOULD. 3, figiro,1 he s.s the world 
in that form in which alone all other 
Jorms are contained, mundum ea forma 
figurat qua una omnes reliquae formae 
concluduntur, Cic. Tim. 6, init. Phr.- 
to 8. one’s course: 8. your course towards 
the groves .,., cursum dirigite in lucos 
..-, Virg. Aen.6,194. 3B, Intrans: 
Phr.: tos, well for anything: expr. by 
promitto, etc.: v. TO Promise (IIL), 

shapeless : |. Without shape : 

1, informis: s. hulls, 1. alvei, Liv. 
21, 26, extr.: 8. flesh, caro i., Plin. 7, 15, 
13. 2. ridis.(in its natural state, not 
wrought or manufactured): cf. Ov. M. 
1, 7, rudis indigestaque moles: Quint. 
I]. Alisshapen, deformed : défornis, 

pravus, etc.: Vv. MISSHAPEN, DEFORMED, 

shapelessness: déformitas: Cic. + 
Suet. 


shapeliness: forma (egregia, exi- 
mia): v. BEAUTY. 

shapely: 1, formdsus: whether s, 
or deformed, f. an deformis, Cie. Inv 1, 
24,35. Q. décens, décdrus: v. comeLy,. 

shaping: formatio: Vit. (Or expr, 
by ae V. TO SHAPE.) 

shard: a piece of broken pottery: 
testa: Ov. M. 8, 662: Tac ‘eo 
Share (subs.): =|, A part; a por- 
tion; a quantity: 1, pars, tis, /. 
(considered simply as a portion of a 
whole); that he might not be without a 
8. of our property, ne expers partis esset 
de nostris bonis, ler. Heaut. 3, 5, 39: v. 
PART. 2. portio (late in this use): 
a s. of the inheritance, (hereditatis) p., 
Just. 36, 23 (the part of Acarnania) 
which he had received as his s. for his 
services in the war, quam in portionem 
belli acceperat, id. 28, 1. (For the pbr. 
pro portione, V. PROPORTION.) 3, sors, 
tis, f. (rare in this sense): a boy born 
to no s. of the property, puer in nullam 
sortem bonorum natus, Liv. 1, 34, init. 
Phr.: without as.in: (1), expers, with 
gen.: without a s. in the government 
and the public counsel, exp. imperil et 
publici consilii, Cic. Rep. 1, 31, fin. (2), 
exsors, with gen.: without a s. in the 
alliance and treaty, amicitiae et foederis 
e., Liv. 23, 10, init.: without a s. in the 
danger, periculi e., Tac. A. 6, 10, - 
A part contributed: esp. in phr. for 
one’s s.: pro parte, e.g. conferre (fo 
contribute one’s s.): to goss ina feast, 
de symbolis edere, Ter. Eun. 3,4,2: PL: 
shares! in commune! Sen.: Phaedr. (vy. 
HALVES). Cic. Verr. 2, 59, 145. ll. 
Part of a plough: vomer s. vimis, Eria, 
mM. V. PLOUGHSHARE, 

share(v.): A, Trans: |, To 
divide among others: 1. partio, 4: 
to s. booty, pracdam p., Pl. As, 2, 2, §: 
the consuls elect sd the provinces be- 
tween them, consules designati provincias 
inter se partiverunt, Sall. J. 43. More 
freq. as v. dep.: partior, 4: he 8s his 
oun honour with Scipio, suum cum 
Scipione honorem partitur, Caes, B, C. 
3, 82: Pelreius and Afranius 8. the 
work between them, Petreius atque Afra- 
nius id opus inter se partiuntur, ib, 1, 
73, fin.: he s.s (the spoil) among all his 
companions, (praedam) socios partitur 
in omnes, Virg. Aen. 1,194 Q, sortior, 
4 (poet.): strictly, to s. by lot: they 
s.d the labour equally, pariter laborem 
sortiti, ib. 8,445 tos. the danger, peri- 
culum s., ib. 9,174. =‘ |J, To enjoy with 
others , possess in common: 1, com- 
miinico, 1 (usu, with ace. of thing shared, 
the person with whom, expr, by cum of 
dat.): to s. our state with you, civitatem 


733 


SHARE-BONE 





nostram vobiscum c., Liv. 23, 5 Cic. Am. 
1g, 10. 2. consocio, 1 (constr. with 
cum, inter, and pron. reflect.) : the hun- 
dred senators s. the government among 
them, centum patres rem inter se c., 
Liv. 1,17 tos. an injury with friends, 
injnriam cum amicis c., Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 
91. B, Intrans.: expr. by partem 
habere, in partem venire: Vv. SHARE 
(subs.). 

share-bone: pecten, inis, m. : the os 
pubis which they call the s., os pubis 
quem p. vocant. Cels. 8, I, ad fin. 

shared - 1, comminis, e: that 
which is s. with another ceases to be 
one’s own, quod c. cum alio est, desinit 
esse proprium, Quint. 7, 3, 24° Sall. 
Cat. 1 (alterum nobis cum dis c. est): 
(things) s. mutually, communia (ami- 
corum) inter se, Ter. Ad. 5, I, 18: oft. 
with gen.: a fault s. by all, vitium 
omniumc., Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 30. 2, sdcius 
(poet.) . as. royalty, regnum s., Ov. M. 
5, 378 as. bed, lectus s., id. A. A. 
2, 377- 

sharer: 1. particeps, cipis, c. (one 
who takes or has a share): Iam com- 
pelled to be a s. and partaker in this 
war, hujus belli ego p. et socius esse 
cogor, Cic. Att. 9, 10, ad fin.: Vv. PAR- 
TAKER, PARTNER. 2. sdcius (in any 
undertaking): a partner in all his plans, 
and almost a s. in his royalty, consi- 
liorum omnium particeps et s. paene 
regni, Cic. Rep. 2, 20, imit.: v. A COM- 
PANION. 3, consors, tis, c. (a col- 
league): a companion and s. in the glo- 
rious work, socius et c. gloriosi laboris, 
id. Brut. 1, 2. 4, cohéres, édis (in 
legal sense, a shaver in @ bequest, co- 
heir): V. CO-HEIR. 

shark: |. A kind of fish: I, 
pristix s. pistrix; also pistris s. pristis 
(appy. some kind of shark or sawyish) : 
Virg. Aen. 3, 427; cf. ib. 5, 116, where 
it occurs as the name of a ship: Plin. 
(who speaks of this kind of fish as 
reaching a length of 20 cubits, N. H. 9, 
3,2): Flor. 2, squalus: Linn. (appy. 
denoting in Ov. Hal. 123, a smaller kind 
of fish; s0 in Plin.). Il. 4 greedy, 
artful fellow; a cheat: perh. fraudator 
(a man who keeps no faith with his 
dupes: v.rare): the shamelessness of s.s 
and defrauders, fraudatorum et infi- 
tiatorum impudentia, Cic. Fl. 20, 48: 
v.cHEAT, Join: fraudator et infitiator. 
Phr.: a regular s. comes to him and 
says, homo et callidus et ad fraudem 
acutus, sine ulla religione ac fide, adit 
ad eum et ait, cf. Nep. Dion 8, init. 

sharp: |. Terminating in a thin 
edge or fine point ; 1, aciitus (sharp- 
pointed): a s. knife, culter a., Pl. Mil. 
5,4: very S. stakes, valli acutissimi, Caes. 
B.G. 7,73. 2, mordax, acis (biting, 
deep cutting): a pine struck with a s. 
axe, m. ferro icta pinus, Hor. Od 4, 6, 9: 
Plin. 3, subtilis, e (very fine and 
thin): the s. edge of a sword, s. acies 
gladii, Sen. Ep. 76. Il. Of the senses: 

1, Aciitus: s. ears, aures a., Calp. 4, 
12: quick and s. eyes, oculi acres atque 
a., Cic. Plane. 27,66. Q, acer, cris, cre; 
the s.est of owr senses ts the sense of seeing, 
acerrimus ex nostris sensibus est sensus 
videndi, id. de Or. 2, 87, 357 Join: 
acer et acutus. 3, sagax (of the sense 
of smell). he has got @ s. nose, 8. nasum 
habet, Pl. Cur. 1, 2, 17. Ill. Of the 
mental faculties: 1, aciitus (quick in 
apprehending things): a s. rather than 
a learned man, homo a, magis quam 
eruditus, Cic. Att. 12, 38, 5: @ very Ss. 
witted man, homo ingenio acutissimus, 
id. de Or. 1, 39, 180. Comp. peracutus : 
very s.at inventing, p.ad excogitandum, 
id. Brut. 39, 145. he seemed to himself to 
be very s., sibi ipse p. videtur, id. Verr. 
2, 44, 108: a man waturally very s. and 
prudent, vir natura p. et prudens, id, 
Or. 5, 18. 2, acer (keen, vigorous, 
penetrating): a man of the very s.est 
discernment, vir acerrimo ingenio, ib, 
5,18: cf. Sall. J. 9, init. (Jugurtha erat 
impigro atque acri ingenio.) Comp. pér- 
acer (v. rare in this sense). @ very Ss. 
judgment, judicium p., Cic. Fam. 9, 16 
734 








SHARPLY 


SHAVE 





init. 3, subtilis (fine, discriminating 
accurately): Vv. KEEN, PRECISE, ACCU- 
RATE, 4, argitus (sagucious, acute): 
the very s.est sayings, vel argutissima 
dicta, Cic. de Or. 2, 61,250.  §, nastitus 
(sharp-scented : rare): Mart.: Sen. Suas. 
IV. Violent, severe, sharp in taste, 

etc.: ], acer. a s. winter, hiems a., 
Enn. in Prisc.: @ s. tlness, a. morbus, 
Pl. Men. 5, 2, 121. s. thirst, sitis a., Tib. 
1, 3,77. Comp. peracer: very S. vinegar, 
acetum p., Pl. Bac. 3,3,1. Q, acerbus: 
s. cold, a. frigus, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 53: V. 
SEVERE. V. Of language: biting, 
stinging, reproachful : 1, mordax, 
acis (ready to bite, snarling, snappish): 
Hor.: Pers.: V. SPITEFUL. 2. acidus 
(sour, disagreeable : rare in this sense) : 
aman with a s. tongue, homo linguae 
acidae, Sen. Contr. 5, 34: v-sour. Phr.: 
a s. fight took place, acriter pugnatum 
est, Caes. pass.: to throw s. glances on 
all sides, acrem aciem in omnes partes 
intendere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 38: to use 
the s.est language to any one, aliquem 
gravissimis verborum acerbitatibus af- 
ficere (R. and A.). 

sharp (subs.); musical term: no 
known equivalent : a semitone is hemi- 
tonium (Vitr. 5, 4); so that we may 
possibly expr. by hemitoninm superius : 
diesis is a quarter tone, toni pars quarta, 
Vitr. lc. § 3. 

sharp-set: famélicus: v. FAMISHED. 
Oftener expr. by éstirire (to be s.): Cic.: 
Ter.: V. HUNGRY, TO BE. 

—-sighted: |. Lit.: 1, expr. 
by acute cernere: cf. Lucr. 4, 8115 clare 
cernere, Plin. 28, 8, 32. 2. acuto 
(acutissimo) visu praeditus. Forcell. ; 
acri (acerrimo) visu pr., Kr. 3. perh. 
perspicax (usu. fig.: v. infr.): cf. Ter. 
Heaut., homo perspicacior Lynceo vel 
Argo; so used by Forcell. s. v. lynx. 
Phr.: to be as s. as Lynceus, tantum 
quantum Lynceus oculo contendere 
posse, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 28 (which how- 
ever refers to seeing far rather than 
seeing what is minute): intentis oculis 
assequi tantum quantum Lynceus asse- 
cutus esse dicitur, Déring ad 1. I}. 
Fig.: of the mind: perspicax, subtilis, 
etc.: Vv. KEEN-SIGHTED. Also, acute 
(acutum) cernere can of course be used 
by metaphor: Hor. S. 1, 3, 26. 

— -sightedly ; aciité: v. acuTELY. 
(Perspicaciter: late and rare.) 

—-sightedness: acuta (acutis- 
sima) oculorum acies (lit.); perspicacitas 
(fig.): cf. preced. art. 

— -witted: aAciitus, acer, sagax, 
argitus: Vv. SHREWD, KEEN, SHARP (II.). 

sharpen: ]. To give a keen edge 
or jine point : 1, acuo, ui, itum, 3 
to s. @ Saw, serram a., Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 
116: tos. a sword, ferrnm a., Virg. Aen. 
8, 386: to s. one's teeth, dentes a., Hor. 
Od. 3, 20, 10. Comp. (1). praeacuo, 3 
(to s. at one end to a point: v. rare) 
Vv. TO POINT. (2). exacuo, 3 (to make 
very sharp or pointed): to s. tron tools 
on @ whetstone, ferramenta cote ex., 
Plin. 28, 4, 12: to s. stakes and forks 
vallos furcasque ex. (= praeacuere), 
Virg. G. 1, 264. 92. acimino, 1 (late): 
Plin.: Lact. 8, aspéro, 1° (to rub on 
anything, and so to sharpen): to s. a 
blunted dagger on a stone, pugionem 
obtusum a. saxo, Tac. A. 15, 54. : 
cuspido, 1 (v. TO POINT): Plin. Phr. to 
be s.’d to a point in the fire, in mucro- 
nem ardescere, Tac. 15,54. {J. Fig.: 
Of the intellect: to sharpen one’s wits, 
etc.: Aacuo, 3. tos, the tongue by practice 
in speaking, a. linguam exercitatione 
dicendi, Cic. Brut. 97, 321. So, exacuo, 
3: to s. the edge of the mind, ingenii 
aciem ex., id. Leg. I, 23, 60. 

sharper (subs.): vétérator, fraudator, 
praestigiator. v, CHEAT. 

sharply : |. With a keen edge or 


fine point: actité: Lucr.: Cic.: v. adjj. 


under SHARP (I.). _—fJ,_ With energy or 
Severity: J], acriter; Cic.: Caes. 92, 
Acerbe (with temper and bitterness): s. 
severe on his son, ac. in filium severus, 
Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112. to attack any one 
Somewhat s. (i.e, with words) in aliquem 


acerbius invehi, id. Am. 16, 57. §, 
aspéré (harshly, with asperity): MM. Cate 
spoke s., etc., M. Cato a. locutus est, id. 
de Or. I, 53, 227. V. HARSHLY. 5 
graviter V,SEVERELY, HARSHLY.  |j. 
Of the mental powers, in colloquial 
language: acute, acriter, subtiliter : 
Vv. KEENLY. 
sharpness : |. Keenness of an 
edge or point : 1, expr. by Acitus, 
subtilis: v. SHARP. Q, subtilitas (very 
great fineness of edge and nicety): Plin. 
28, 9, 41. Il. Pungency of taste: 
]. acrimonia: sweet, with a kind of 
s., dulcis cum quadam a., Plin. 24, 14, 78. 
2, acritiido (rare) Vitr. 2, 9, 12. 
(pungency of asap). 3, aspéritas the 
s. of vinegar, a. aceti, Plin 9, 35, 58. 
Ill. Of character: acerbitas, aspé- 
Titas: V. HARSHNESS, SEVERITY, Phr.- 
to use s. against any one, in aliquo seve- 
ritatem adhibere, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24: 8. 
severius adhibere aliquem, id. Att. 10, 
12, 3: with §., aspere, acerbe, etc.: Vv. 
SHARPLY (II). IV. Of the senses: 
expr. by adj., V. SHARP (I1.): s. of sight, 
oculorum acies, Lucr. I, 325: Vv. SHARP- 
SIGHTEDNESS, Y, Of the mental powers: 
1, aciimen, inis, ”.: where is your 
s.? ubi est a. tuum? Cic. Tusc. 1, 6,12: 
s. of talents, ingeniorum a., id. Fl. 4, 9. 
2, subtilitas: v. ACUTENESS ; KEEN- 
NESS. 8. perspicacitas; v. SHARP- 
SIGHTEDNESS, VI. Severity of the 
climate or atmosphere: inclémentia: 
Just. 9, 2. V. SEVERITY, INTENSITY. 
shatter (v.): |. To dash into 
pieces: 1, frango, frégi, fractum, 3: 
Vv. TO BREAK. More adequately expr. by 
comps.: (1). confringo, 3: by kicking 
against them with my feet I nearly sd 
these two doors, pultando pedibus pene 
confregi hasce ambas fores, Pl. Most. 2, 
2, 25: trees s.’d by the violence of the 
storm, arbores vi tempestatis confractae, 
Ulp. Dig. 39, 2, 24. (2). perfringo, 3 
(rare in this sense): the ships had s.’d 
their prows, naves proras perfregerant, 
Liv. 22, 20, init. (3). effringo, 3 (todash 
out by a violent blow): cf. Virg. Aen. 5 
480, effracto illisit in ora cerebro. Ce 
disctitio, cussi, cussum, 3 (to rend in 
pieces): the column was s.’d by lightning 
From the top to the bottom, columna tota 
ad imum tulmine discussa est, Liv. 42, 
20: to s. the hollow temples with one blow, 
d. tempora cava ictu, Ov. M. 2, 625: the 
prow of the ship beiny s.’d, vostro navis 
discusso, Auct. B. Alex. 46. 3, Elido, 
si, sum, 3 (¢¢ dash out or in pieces 
by a violent blow): to s ships (as @ 
storm does), naves e., Caes. B. C. 3, 293 
iP 4. quasso, 1 (to shake vio- 
lently , damage by shaking): the ves- 
sels being s,’d, quassatis vasis, Lucr. 
3, 435. the fleet being s.’d by storms, 
classis ventis quassata, Virg. Aen. 1, 
551. So, quassas rates, s.’d barks, Hor, 
Od. 1, 1, 18. Comp. conquasso, I (rare): 
to s. a cup, calicem c., Cato R. R. 52, fin, 
I]. Fig. sense: 1, frango, 3: esp. 
in p. paré., fractus: s.’d by defeats and 
calamities, proeliis calamitatibusque 
fractus, Caes. B. G. 1, 33, med.: Virg. 
So, comps. (1). infringo, 3: this battle 
so s.’d the power of the Samnites, hoc 
proelium Samnitium res ita infregit, Liv. 
8, 39, med.: V. TO IMPAIR. (2). con- 
fringo, 3 (stronger): Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5, 13: 
Val. Max. 2. comminuo, i, itum, 3 
(strictly, to brealc into small pieces) : tos. 
the resources of a state, opes civitatis c., 
Cic. Verr. 5, 39, extr. Join: frangere 
et comminuere, id. Off. 2, 11, fin. 3: 
sometimes, débilito, 1 (to disable): cf, 
Nep. Ages. 5, quum eo facto opes adver- 
sariorum debilitatae viderentur (quite 
sd and overthrown). Phr.. sd in 
constitution, *cujus corporis vires morbo 
[laboribus, etc.) confectae sunt; cujus 
corporis vires [vitiis, etc.] effetae sunt: 


cf. Cic, Sen. 9, 29. 
shave (v.): |. To remove the hair 
of the body: 1, rado, si, sum, 3 (to 


shave off the hair with a razor): to &, 
the head and eyebrows, caput et super- 
cilia r., Cic. R. Com, 7, 20: to s. the head 
(as a token of slavery), caput r.. Liv. 34 


g 








SHAVER 





52, fim.: te s. the beard, barbam r., Suet. 
Ang. 79. Comp. (1). abrado, 3 (40 shave 
off) the eyebrows entirely 8.d_ off, 
supercilia penitus abrasa, Cic, R. Com. 
4,20: Hor. (2). dérado. 3 (to shave off : 
rare): to s. the hair off the whole head, 
capillum ex capite omni d., Gell. 17, 9. 
uent, rasito,1 to be s.d every day, 
faciem quotidie rasitare, Suet. Oth. 12. 
2. tondeo, tétondi, tonsum, 2 (to 

clip with scissors: according to the 
earher and ruder custom). to s. (clip) 
the beard ani hair, barbam et capillum 
t.. Cie. Tusc. 5, 20, 58: tos. the face, 
os t., Cat. 61, 135. Comp. attondeo, 
tondi, tonsum, 2° a shaven head, caput 
attonsum, Cels. 4, 3, fin. Phr.: tos. the 
beard for the first time, barbatoriam 
facere, Petr. Sat. 73, 6. (N.B.—Beware 
of using rado as verb intr.. either the 
object must be expressed, as in exx. 
given above, or the pass. refl. must be 
used: cf. Suet. Caes. 45, circa corporis 
curam morosior, ut non solum ton- 
deretur ac raderetur....) to 
pare off, in gen. sense: rado, 3: v. TO 
SCRAPE OFF, 

shaver (subs.): tonsor: Vv. BARBER. 

shaving (subs.) : |. The act of 
shaving: rastira (rare in this sense): 
a s. of the beard and head, barbae ca- 
pitisque r., Hier. (More freq. expr. by 
verb: the practice of s., *mos barbam 
radendi: v. TO SHAVE.) I]. A thin 
slice pared off: ramenta, orum (in pl. 
only): to keep grapes in saw-dust or in 
fir s.s, uvas scobe ramentisve abiegnis 
servare, Plin. 15, 17, 18. 

shawl: perh. *amiciilum: v. MANTLE, 

she (pron.): expr. by fem. of prons. 
hic, ille, is: v. He. In composition - 








ashe-wolf,etc.,expr. by femina: as.-wol/, | 
lupus f., Enn. in Serv. Virg. Aen. 2, 385 : | 


Y. FEMALE. 

sheaf: 1, minipiilus (a bundle of 
hay or cut corn that may be carried in 
the hand): to tie up sheaves, manipulos 
obligare, Col. 11, 2, 40: also m. vincire, 
alligare, id. 9. fascis, is, m. (any 


bundle of twigs, straw, etc.): sheaves of | 


straw and twigs, fasces stramentorum 
ac virgultorum, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15° 
v. BUNDLE. 3, merges, itis, f. (v. 
rare and poet.): Virg. G. 2, 517 (aut 
Cerealis mergite culmi). 

shear (v.): |. Zo cut the wool off 
sheep : 1, tondeo, tdtondi, tonsum, 2 
(most usual equiv.): to s. weal: sheep, 
oves infirmas t., Hor. Epod. 2, 16: to s. 
(off) wool, lanam t., id. Od. 3, 15, 13. 
Comp. détondeo, 2; to s. sheep, oves d., 
Cato R. R. 96: Col. Frequent. tonsito, 1 
(to s. often): Pl.  Q, tonsuram facio 
V. SHEARING, subs. _[J, Fig.- to strip, 
rob: rarely, if at all, except in p. part. 
shorn: spdlio, niido, I- v. TO STRIP. 
Also shorn of may be expr. by nidus: 
ef. Hor. Od. 3, 16, 23 (nudus = shorn of 
all my wealth): and less freq. viduus: 
ef. ib. 1, 10, 11; Vv. DESTITUTE. 

shearer: use imper/. part. of ton- 
deo, 2: v. TOsHEAR. (Tonsor = barber.) 

shearing (subs.): tonsfira. some 
make their s.s half-yearly, quidam se- 
mestres facinnt t., Varr. R. R. 2, 11: 
Plin. 28, 8, 29. 

shears: forfices, um, f.: they cut off 
the bad grapes in a cluster with s., 
vitiosa grana in uva forficibus am- 
putant, Col. 12, 44. Dimin. forficulae, 
arum (small shears): Plin. 

sheat-fish: perh. silirus. (*Silurus 
Glanis, Linn.). 

sheath: |. For a cutting in- 
strument: vaginn v.SCABBARD. |], 
In botany, a membrane protecting a 
stem or branch: vagina: it (the ear) 
is shut up in s.s, vaginis includitur, Cia, 
de Sen. 15, 51: cf. Varr. R.R. 1, 48,1 
(et etiam primitus spica cum_oritur 
vaginam habet). Dimin. vaginila 
(small or fine sheath), Plin. 18, 7, to. 

sheathe(v.): |, To place a sword 
in its sheath: Phr.: (gladium) In va- 
ginam recondere, Cic. Inv 2, 4, I4 











SHEEP-WALK 





SHELL 





sicam in corpore consulis defixit, Cic. 
Cat. 1, 6, fin.: (Lucretia) s.d the knife 
in her heart, cultrum in corde defixit, 


Liv. 1, 58, fin. So, gladium in pectus infi- | 


gere, Cic. Tusc. 4,22, 50 v.also TO BURY. 


sheathing: metal plates to cover a | 


ship’s bottom laminae (aereae, ferreae, 
etc.): V. PLATE. 
sheave: @ wheel in which the rope 


works in a block: orbiciilus: Cato 
Vitr.. v PULLEY. 
shed (v.): [. To let fall, to scatter : 


to throw off : fundo, fidi, fisum, 3: and 
he s.s tears copiously at each word, et 
multum lacrimas verba inter singula f., 
Virg. Aen. 3, 348: has not enough of 
Latin blood been shed ? parumne fusum 
est Latini sanguinis? Hor. Epod. 4, 4. 
Comp. (1). effundo, 3: to s. tears, lacri- 
mas e., Cic. Planc. 42, 10%. (2). pro- 
fundo, 3 (to shed copiously): I have s. 
Jloods of tears, vim lacrimarum profudi, 
id. Rep. 6, 14, fin.; he is eager to s, all 
his own blood, sanguinem suum p.omnem 
cupit, Cic. Clu. 6, 18. (3). diffundo, 3 
(to s. abroad): light s. abroad over the 
whole sky, toto coelo lux diffusa, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 37, fin.: Lucr. Phr.: to s. 
light on a subject, lumen alicui rei ad- 
hibere, Cic. de Or, 3, 13, fin., afferre, ib. 
2, 86, 353. ||. Of trees, to part with 
their foliage; also, of animals, to part 
with hair, teeth, etc.: Phr.: children s. 
their teeth, infantibus dentes cadunt, cf. 
Luer. 5, 671: trees which s. their leaves, 
arbores quarum folia decidunt, cf. Plin. 
18, 25, 60: the sheep s. their wool of 
their own accord, \anigeris gregibus 
sponte sua lanae cadunt, Ov. M. 7, 541: 
to s. the feathers, plumas ponere, exuere 
(Kr.). 

—— abroad: 1, diffundo, 3: v. 
TO SHED. 9. pando, 3. v. TO SPREAD, 

— around; circumfundo, 3 Cic.: 

Vv. 

shed (subs.): [. In ord. sense: 
tectum, tigiirium: v. HOVEL. |]. In 
milit. sense: for sheltering besiegers : 
vinea, pliiteus: Vv. MANTELET. 

shedder (ef blood): hdmicida, qui 
hominem occidit, necat: V. MURDERER. 
(N.B.—Not qui sanguinem fundit, pro- 
fundit.) 

sheen: fulgor: v. FLASH. 


sheep: |. The animal: 1, Svis, 


is, f.: pass. Prov.: to trust a s. to. 
a wolf, o. lupo committere, Ter. Eun. | 


5, 1, 16. Dimin. dviciila (v rare and 
late): Tert. 
perh. an animal with the two rows of 
teeth complete: afterwards usu. @ sheep) : 
to slay seven bullocks, and just as many 


s., chosen according to custom, septem | 


mactare juvencos, totidem lectas de more 
bidentes, Virg. Aen. 6, 39: the s. saw the 
wolf lying in a pitfall, b. jacentem in 
fovea conspexit lupum, Phaedr. 1, 17, 8. 

3. pécus, doris, n. (cattle collectively) : 
vV. FLOCK. 4, pécus, iidis, f (Strictly, 
any brute beast : in poet. usu. = ovis): 
Virg. Aen. 3, 120. Lucr. A flock of s., 
oviaria (sc. pecuaria), Varr. R. R. 2, 
praef. extr.: of or belonging to s., 
ovilis (rare), Apul.; ovillus: a pig, a s., 
a goat, and an ox, unus ex suillo, ovillo, 
caprino, bovillo grege, Liv. 22, 10. milk 
ef s., lac ovillum, Plin. 28, 9, 33: Col. 

Il. Fig.: a silly fellow: dvis: who 
in the world has brought these s.? quis 
has oves adegit? PL Bac. 5, 2, 3: v. 
SIMPLETON, NINNY. 

— -cot; Svile: Vv. SHEEP-FOLD. 
-dog: perh. cinis Oviarius, pas- 
toralis. (Species, canis familiaris.) 

—-fold: septum (any enclosure 
for animals), conseptum, Ovile: v. 
FOLD (1.). 

— -hook: pédum: v.crook. Also, 
bactilum pastdrale Sil. 

— -market: * forum éviarium. 

—— -shearer: *qui oves tondet. 

—— -shearing: VY. SHEARING. 

— -skin: pellis Svilla: Plin. also, 
ovis pellis, and pl. ovium pelles. 

— -stealer: *ovium fur; qui oves 





vaginae ensem referre, Sil. 7, 508. IL. | furatur. 


dic bury. thrust deeply: Phr.: he s.d 


—— -walk: perb. *pascuum ovi- 


the dagger in the body of the consul, arium: cf. Col. 8, 14, fin. 


9, bidens, tis (strictly | 


| sheepish (24j.): perb. blennus (a 
| rare word, denoting great stupidity): 
Pl, Bac. 5,1, 2. See also srvrmm. 
sheepishly: perh. stulté, st5lid& 
| V. STUPIDLY. 
sheepishness: V. StuPrprry. 
| sheer (adj.) |. Right down, un- 
broken: abruptus (steep: precipitous): 
a s. precipice of a thousand feet deep, 
locus in pedum mille altitudinem a., Liv. 
21,36. Phr.: as. precipice, praeruptus 
locus [ex utraque Sante) directus, Caes 
B. C. 1, 45° V. PERPENDICULAR, PRE- 
cipITous. []. Absolute, utter, pure: 
1, mérus: they tell s. marvels, m. 
monstra nuntiant, Cic. Att. 4. 9, 1 ef. 
ib. 9, 13, 7 (mera scelera loquuntur), 
2. germanus (real, out and out): 
8. humbug, g. gerrae, Pl. Poen. 1, 1, 9 
| Cic.. V, GENUINE, 3, expr. by nihil 
nisi ; cf. Ter, Ad. 3, 3, 40: tu.... nihil 
| nisi sapientia es, you are a piece of 8. 
wisdom: this is s. folly, haec nibil aliud 
| nisi ineptiae sunt. 4, piirus pitus 
(pure and simple): this is a s. syco- 
phant, p. p. hic sycophanta est, Pl, Ps. 4, 
4, 105: Sall. 
sheer off (v.): discedere, se amoliri : 
Breet Gees) | Atrond if 
sheet (subs.): oad piece o 
linen for bed furniture, or for a wind- 


ing-sheet : 1, linteum (any piece of 
linen cloth): v LINEN. Q, late, sinddn, 
onis, f.: Vulg. Mar. xiv. 52 (explained 


by Wahl as, linteum tenue, majus, qua- 
dratum, quo Orientales maxime aestate 
et noctis tempore uti solebant, et quo in- 
volvebantur etiam mortuorum corpora 
a description exactly applicable to a 
sheet). ||. A sheet of paper ; pligila- 
the s.s are dried in the sun and joined 
together, siccantur sole p. atque inter 
se junguntur, Plin, 13, 12, 23. Used in 
mod. Lat. for proof-sheets: q. V Ul. 
Fig.: any expanded surface ; a sheet of 
metal, lamina (v. PLATE) 4a Ss. of water 
lacus, stagnum, piscina: V. LAKE, POND, 

IV. In nautical language: a rope 
fastening the corner of a sail: pes, 
pédis, m.: to veer out one s., pedem 
facere, Virg. Aen. 5, 830: to let fly the 
s.s, pedes proferre, Ili). 2, 47, 48. 

— -anchor: |. The largest and 
most secure anchor in a ship: *perh. 
ancdraultima, maxima. J, Fig. the 
last refuge for safety: ancora ultima 
the s. of the wearied, ancora u. fessis, 
Sil. 7, 24. Less fig., spes maxima; in 
quo spes omnis est. 

-lightning: perb. fulgetrum : 
| cf. Plin. 2, 43, 43° V LIGHTNING. 

| by cireuml., fulgura toto coeli tracta 
diffusa. 

shekel: siclus (a Hebrew word) 
Hier 

sheldrake: *tadorna vulpanser, 
Wood 


shelf: |], A board to lay things on: 
1, pliiteus (a shelf on which articles 
of vertu were placed): and he bids the 6.4 
preserve the original statues of Cleanthes, 
et jubet archetypos p. servare Cleanthas, 
Juv. 2, 7: ef. Pers. 1, 106. 9. pegma, 
itis, n. (a set of shelves): nothing could 
be more beautiful than those s.s of yours 
when they set off the books with labels 
attached to the backs, nihil venustius 
quam illa tua pegmata postquam sil- 
lybis libros illustrant, Cic. Att. 4, 8, ad 
jin. 3, lociilamenta, drum (with com- 
partments. very rare in this sense): 
s.8 reaching to the rogf, tecto tenus ex- 
structa L, Sen. Tranq. 9, 7 4, tabila 
| (a s. made of a single board): V. BOARD, 
PLANK. ||, A /edge of rocks: dorsum 
Virg. Aen. 1, 110. Or simply, saxa Ia- 
tentia: v. REEF, ROCK. 
shell (subs.): |. The hard outer 
coat of animals, fruits, etc. : 1, concha 
(chiefly used of the shells of mollusks) : 
small fishes float into the open &., pis- 
ciculi parvi in c. hiantem innatant, Cie 
| N. D. 2, 48,123: the snail enclosed ina s., 
implicitus conchae limax, Col. 10, 324. 
9. crusta (any hard surface or oo- 
| vering of a body): locusts are protected 
by a frail s., locustae c. fragili muni- 
| untur, Plin. 9, 30, 59. Dimin. crustila 


735 











SHELL 


SHIELD 


SHIFTY 








(v. rare); Plin. 3, putamen (husk, 
outer-covering) : walnut s.s., juglandium 
putamina, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58. bean s.s, 
fabae p., Plin. 17, 24, 37. an egg-shell, 
Ovi p., id. 30, 9, 19: Col. 4 calyx, 
ycis, m. (outer-covering): three fruits 
from one s., trini partus ex uno c., id. 
15, 23, 25: egg s.s., ovorum ¢., id. 28, 
2,4. 5, testa (the shell of shell-sish or 
of testaceous animals) : races of monsters 
clinging to the rock by their s.s, genera 
beluarum ad saxa testis inhaerentium, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 100: the s. of @ tortoise, 
testudinis t., Varr. L. L. 5, 13, 23: the s. 
of an oyster, t. ostreae, Plin. 32, 6, 21. 
6, follictlus: v. HUsK. ‘J, cortex, 
icis, m. (rare in this sense); an egg-s., 
ovi c., Vitr. 8, 3, 18. Il. An inner 
coffin made of wood: arca; capiilus: v. 
COFFIN. Wl. Jn military language, 
a hollow shot filled with gunpowder: 
*globus ferreus pulvere nitrato re- 
pletus. 
shell (v.): expr. by circuml. with 
words under sHELL (I. and III.): to s. 
walnuts, * putamina juglandium detra- 
here: fo s. a town, oppidum *globis 
ferreis pulvere nitrato repletis oppug- 
nare. 





-fish: 1, concha: (usu. the 
shell, but also the entire creature): Ov. 
M. to, 267 (Sidonis c. = purple s.): Lucr. 

2. conchylium : usu. pl.: it happens 
to oysters and all kinds of shell-fish, 
ostreisque et conchyliis omnibus con- 
tingit, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33 : cf. Plin. 9, 36,60. 

8, testa (collect. term): not every sea 
abounds in fine-flavoured s., non omne 
mare generosae fertile t., Hor. S. 2, 4, 31: 
the sea s., t. marina, ib. 2, 8, §3. 7 
testacea, Srum, n. (v. rare): every kind 
of s., omnia t., Plin. 32, 5, 20: the eye- 
lids of all insects and s. move like the 
ears of quadrupeds, insectorum omnium 
et t. operimenta oculi moventur sicut 
quadrupedum aures, id. 11, 37, 55- 


shelter (subs.): , Lit. that which 
covers : , tegmen, tégimen, etc.- v. 
COVERING. Q, suffiigium (from sun, 


rain, etc.}: no s. from either the rain 
or sum, 8. nullum aut imbris aut solis, 
Plin. Ep. 9, 39, intt.: they are accus- 
tomed to make subterranean caves as a 
s. from the cold of winter, solent sub- 
terraneos specus aperire s. hiemi, Tac. 
Germ. 16, jin.: as. against the severity 
of the climate, s. adversus caeli rigorem, 
Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 2. I]. In wider 
sense, a refuge, protection : 1, per- 
fugium (a place of refuge): a s. anda 
harbour for his broken fortune, ejus 
fortunae jactatae portum ac p., Cic. Clu. 
3, 7: V. BEFUGE, 2, réceptactilum 
(place of retreat): Vv. RETREAT. 3) 
castellum (lit., a fort, stronghold: fig., 
a shelter, defence): a stronghold of 
abandoned citizens, and a s. for vil- 
lany, arx civium perditorum, c. latro- 
cinii, Cic. Pis. 5, 11: as. for every crime, 
c. omnium scelerum, Liv. 3, 57, init. 

4, ara (lit., an altar, hence fig. a 
protection) : to flee for refuge to the s. of 
the laws, ad aram legum confugere, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 3,8. 5, umbra (fig., @ shelter, 
protection): a s. and retreat, u. et re- 
cessus, id, de Or. 3, 26, tor they skulk 
under the s. of a great name, umbra 
magni nominis delitescunt, Quint. 12, 
10, 15: they skulked under the s. of the 
Roman friendship, sub umbra Romanae 
amicitiae latebant, Liv. 34, 9, fin. 6. 
hospitium and déversdrium may be used 
to express shelter in the sense of lodgings 
at an inn, or hospitality in a private 
house: v LopDGInG. Phr.. in many 
places I do not even get a s., multis locis 


ne tectum quidem accipio, Cic. Att. §, | 


16, 3: to afford any one s. (as fugitives 
from justice, ete.), aliquem tectis ac 
sedibus recipere, Cic. (Kr.), See also 
PROTECTION. 

shelter (’.): A, Trans.: I. To 
cover and protect, as from cold, wind, 
elc. 1. tégo, xi, ctum, 3: to preserve 
and s. any one from injury, aliquem 
conservare et t., Caes. B. C. 1, 85: tos. 
and protect any one, aliquem t. ac tueri, 
Cic. Fam. 13, 66. Comp.: protégo, 3. 


736 


to S. @ person against accusers, aliquem 
adversus criminantes p., Tac. H. 2, 60: 
to s. the best men, viros optimos p., Plin. 
Ep. 3,9, fin. Q, défendo, di,sum, 3: to 
s. any one from injury, aliquem ab in- 
juria d., Caes. B. G. 5, 20, fin.: to s. 
(strictly, i. e. to ward off from) the vines 
trom the too powerful heat of the sun, 
nimios solis ardores d., Cic. de Sen. 15, 53. 

8, arceo, cui, 2 (to ward off : with acc. 
and abl.) : Neptune s.s the fleets from the 
North winds, Neptunus classes Aquilon- 
ibusarcet, Hor. A.P.64: Tac. 4, expr. 
by suffagium praebere: it s.s neither 
| from rain nor the sun, s. nullum aut im- 
| bris aut solis praebet, cf. Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 
med. I]. To receive and protect: 1, 
excipio, cepi, ceptum, 3: Tigranes s.’d 
| Mithridates when panic-stricken and in 
Jlight, Mithridatem in timore ac fuga 
; excepit Tigranes, Cic. Manil. 9, 23: 
O happy land, which shall s. this man, 
O terram beatam, quae hune virum ex- 
ceperit, id. Mil. 38, 105: cf. Liv. 29, 11, 
ad fin, (aliquem hospitio excipere). 

Q, expr. by in tutelam recipere : 
Vv. PROTECTION. See also TO PROTECT, 
B. Intrans.. expr. by circuml: 

they s.d in various places in alarm, 
diversa tecta metu petiere, Virg. Aen. 4, 
164: they s.’d in a cave, *(imbris, tem- 
pestatis, etc.) suffugium quaerentes in 
speluncam se recepere: v. TO BETAKE 
ONESELF. 

sheltering (adj.): sometimes, um- 
brosus: v. SHADY. Or by circuml., *qui 
umbram, tegmen, suffugium praebet : 
V. SHADE, SHELTER (swbs.). 

shelving (adj.): préclivis, déclivis, 
acclivis, pronus: V. SLOPING. 

shelvy (adj.): full of or abounding 
in shallows: vadOsus: @ s. sea, mare V., 
Caes. B.C. 1, 25. 

shepherd: |. Literally, one who 
guards and tends sheep: 1. pastor 
(g. t. for one who feeds herds or flocks 
of any kind): he arms the slaves and 
S.8, Servos, p. armat, Caes. B.C. 1, 24: 
et pass. 2. apilio s. dpilio (strictly, 
of sheep only): the s. about to seek the 
pastures of a far-off country, longinquae 
regionis pascua petiturus u., Col, R. R. 
7, 3, med.: the s. who feeds another 
man’s sheep, 0. qui pascit alienas oves, 
PL Asin. 3,1,36. 93, expr. by circuml.: 
ovium custos: Vv, KEEPER. A shepherd’s 
staff, pédum; bactilum pastorale (vy. 
CROOK) @ S.’s pipe, fistula pastoricia ; 
cf. sine ulla fistula pastoricia, Cic. Att. 
1, 16, 6 (usu. simply, fistula. v. PIPE): 
s.’s weather-glass (a plant), * anagallis 
arvensis (Linn.): s.’s purse (a plant) 
*thlaspi bursa pastoris (Linn.): s.’s 
needle (a plant), *scandix pecten (Linn.). 
See also HERDSMAN. I], In fig. sense 
pastor Scrip. Eccl. pass. 

shepherdess: perh. *pastor femina. 

sherbet: perh. sicéra (some kind of 
intoxicating drink): Vulg. Luc. i. 15 
Or *syrupus (M. L.), syrup, sherbet, 
and shrub being different forms of the 
same word. (By circuml., * potus dulcis 
qui Anglice sherbet dicitur.) 

sherd: v. SHARD. 

sheriff: *geraefa v. Du Cange, s.v 

sherry; *vinum Hispanicum quod 
ab oppido Xeres importatur. 

shew (v.): v. SHOW 

shield (subs.) : |. For defending 
the body: 1, sciitum (most usual 
word; properly of an oblong shape) : 
to take off the coverings from s.s (in 
preparing for action), scutis tegimenta 
detrahere, Caes. B. G. 2, 21° to throw 
away one’s s, and flee, abjecto scuto 
fugere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54. to abandon 
one’s s., 8. relinquere, Tac. G. 6. " 
clipeus, also written cliipeus and clypeus 
(a round brazen shield carried by Gre- 
cian soldiers): an oblong in the place of 
a round s., scutum pro clipeo, Liv, 1, 43, 
init. : to receive blows upon @ S., excipere 
ictus clipeo, Ov M. 12, 375: Cic. Rarer 
form of the above, clipeum. cf. Liv. 34, 
52, med. (ad hoc clipea argentea decem) : 
Virg. Dimin., clip&Slum (v. rare and 
late) Hyg. Fab. 139. . parma 
(= Greek rapun- a small round shield 














carried by light infantry and cavalry): 
they leap down from their horses and 
hold their s.s before the antesignant, 
desiliunt ex equis et pro antesignanis 
p. objiciunt, Liv. 2, 20, fin. : this soldier 
has a s. three feet in diameter, hic miles 
tripedalem p. habet, id. 38, 21, jin. 
Dimin., parmiila (v. rare) Hor. Od, 2, 
7, 10 (relicta non bene parmula). 4, 
pelta(= Gk. réA™m; a small light target, 
usu. crescent-shaped): the kind of s- 
called the pelta is not unlike the sma 
Spanish s., p. cetrae haud dissimilis est, 
Liv. 28, 5, fin.: Virg.: see also Smith’s 
Antiq. 882. 5, cétra (caetra; prob. a 
Spanish word; the small shield used by 
the Spaniards, Britons, etc.): immense 
swords and short s.s, gladii ingentes et 
breves c., Tac. Agr. 36, init. Fig.: the 
hides of elephants too form impenetrable 
s.s, elephantorum quoque tergora impe- 
netrabiles c. habent, Plin. 11, 39, 93. 
6. ancile (an oval shield, Aen. 4, 
188° esp. the one said to have fallen 
Srom heaven in the reign of Numa, or 
those made in imitation of it): coelestia 
arma, quae ancilia appellantur, Liv. 1, 
20, med. 7, arma, orum (usu. imple- 
ments of warfare of any kind, but also 
used specifically for a shield): his 
Friends bore the corpse upon their s.s, 
socii exanimem super arma ferebant, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 841. 8, umbo, dnis, m. 
(lit., any convex elevation, hence the boss 
ona s.: meton., @ shield): there, as the 
king was getting up, he throws hin 
down again on his back with his s., 
assurgentem ibi regem umbone resu- 
pinat, Liv. 4, 19, med.: Virg.: Lucan. 
I]. Fig.: shelter, defence: prae- 
sidium, titamen, etc.: V PROTECTION, 
REFUGE, SHELTER.  {||, J” heraldry, 
the escutcheon or field on which are 
placed the bearings in coats of arms: 
* scitum. IV. A botanical term: 
perh. sciitilum. 
shield factories: s«itariae fabri- 
cae: ef. Veg. Mil. 2, 11. 
—— -maker; scitarius: Pl. Epid. 
I, I, 35. 
-bearer : 1, scitigériilus : 
Pl. Cas. 2, 3, 45. 2. armiger (gen. 
term for an armour-bearer of any 
kind): Virg,. Ov.: v. ARMOUR-BEARER, 
shield (v.): i.e. to cover as with @ 
shield; tego, 3: V. TO SHELTER. 
shieldless: expr. by circuml.- sine 
scuto, clipeo, parma, ete.: or by abl. 
absol., scuto amisso, abjecto, relicto: 
cf. Hor. Od. 2, 9, 10 (relicta non bene 
parmula). 
shift (v.): A, Trans.: Tochange; 
to alter: mito, 1: to s. one’s clothes, 
vestimenta m., Suet. Tib. 14, jfin.: v. 
TO CHANGE; ALTER. B, Intrans.: 
|. Zo move about, change direction : 
1, circumigo, égi, actum, 3: with 
pron. refl. (used of the wind, tide, etc.) = 
the wind s.ing about, circumagente se 
vento, Liv. 34, 16. 2. mitor, 1 if 





Sortune were to s., si fortuna mutetur, 


Caes. B.C. 1, 59. Comp.* immiutor, 1: v. 
TO CHANGE, ALTER. I]. 70 resort to 
expedients for safety : provideo, vidi, 
visum, 2: you need never care for 
me, I shall s. for myself, nibil me 
curassis, ego mihi providero, Pl. Most. 
2, 2,93. 

shift (subs.): |, An exped 
in difficulty : 1, strépha (lit., a turn- 
ing about): I will find some s., aliquam 
s. inveniam, Plin. Ep. 1, 18, fin.: wordy 
s.s (tricks), s. verbosae, Phaedr, 1, 14, 4 
Sen. Q. doli, orum: well furnished 
with s.s and Pelasgian artifice, dolis in- 
structus et arte Pelasga, Virg. Aen. 2, 
152. by clever s.s, per doctos d., Pi. Ps. 
LO Lypules 3. perh. artes, ium, may 
serve; V. ARTIFICE; STRATAGEMS, Full 
of shifts, fertile in expedrents: versiitus, 
varius, etc.: v. SHIFTY. ||, An article 
of female attire: indisium: Non. 

shifty . i.e. ready with all kinds of 
cunning expedients: 1, versiitus (ca- 
pable of good sense also) Join ver. 
sutus, astutus, fallax, callidus, vafer, 
veterator, Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 57: Fa 

2. perh. varius (capable of adur® 


tent tried 





sh 
= 








SHILLING 


SHEP 


SHIPWRECKEK 





ing oneself to anything): Sall. Cat. 5. 
$. vétérator (strictly subs., an old 





rogue, a dodger : also used as adj.) : Cic. 
Le.: Ter. 4, perh. praestigidsus (full 


of tricks): praestigiator (trickster): v. 
JUGGLER; also, TRICK. 

shilling; *schélingus (in the Latin 

of the middle ages) ; also sometimes re- 

nted by solidus (as in the classifica- 
tion, librae, solidi, denarii, L.s. d.: but 
the solidus was strictly about a guinea). 
Phr.: to pay twenty s.s in the pound, 
solidum suum cuique solvere, Cic. Rab. 
Post. 17, 46: to pay tens.s in the pound, 
dimidium ex eo quod debetur solvere, 
Quint. 5, 10, 105. 

shin: criis, criris, .: the s. is re- 
ceived by the cross-bone of the ancles, 
excipitur c. osse transverso talorum, 
Cels. 8, 1, fin.: cf. Isid. Or. 11, 1, 110, 
where the crura are stated to be below 
the lenees (sunt sub genibus usque ad 
suras). 

—-bone: tibia: Cels. 8, 1, fin.: 
Isid. lc. 111: oa. tibialis, relating to 
the shin-bone or shin: cf. Suet. Aug. 82. 

shine (v.): To emit raus of light ; 
to give forth brightness or splendour : 

1, liiceo, xi, 2 (gen. term, appli- 
cable to any luminous olyject): the star 
was s.ing with a borrowed light, stella 
luce lucebat aliena, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, fin. : 
the funeral pile s.s with fire, lucet igne 
rogus, Ov. H. 11, 104: Phoebus sat on 
a throne s.ing with brilliant emeralds, 
sedebat in soiio Phoebus claris iucente 
smaragdis, id. M. 2, 24. Comps. (1.) 
collticeo, 2, v. n. (to be all one blaze of 
light): the sun s.s brightly so far and 
wide, sol tam longe lateque c., Cic. N. D. 
2, 15, 40: the torches s. brightly on 
every side, lampades undique c., Ov. H. 
14, 25. (2.) rélticeo, 2 (tos. back, gleam) : 
the wide waters s. with jire, igni freta 
lata relucent, Virg. Aen. 2, 312. Incept. 
lticesco and liicisco, luxi, 3 (to begin to 
s.): the sun begins to s., sol. L., Virg. E. 
6, 37: Ov. F. 5, 417. Comp. illticesco 
and illiicisco, 3: when on the third day 
the sun had begun to s., quum tertio die 
sol illuxisset, Cic. N. D. 2, 38,96. = 2, 
fulgeo, fulsi, 2 (fo s. with a bright flash- 
ing radiance): the moon was s.ing in a 
calm sky, coelo fulgebat luna sereno, 
Hor. Epod. 15, 1: marble palaces s.ing 
with ivory and gold, marmorea tecta 
ebore et auro fulgentia, Cic. Parad. 1, 3, 
13: Saturn’s s.ing palace (i.e. the sly) 
fulgens domus Saturni, Hor. Od. 2, 12, 8. 
Comps. (1.) affulgeo, 2: Vv. TO SHINE ON. 
(2.) offulgeo, 2 (to s. against or upon : 
rare): Virg. Aen. 9, 110: Sil. (3.) ré- 
fulgeo, 2 (to reflect a light, gleam): the 
gleam of the gold shone through the 
boughs, auri refulsit aura per ramos, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 204° Cic. (poet.). Incept. 
fulgesco, 3 (to begin to s.: v. rare and 
late): Firmic. 3, splendeo, 2 (tos. bril- 
Yiantly, as polished objects do): the sea 
s.s under the flickering light, s. tremulo 
sub lumine pontus, Virg. Aen. 7, 9: the 
ancestral salt-cellar s.s on the meagre 
table, paternum s. in mensa tenui sali- 
num, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 14. Comp.: re- 
splendeo, 2 (strengthened from simple 
verb: poet.): Virg.: Sil. Jncept. splen- 
desco, dui, 3 (to become bright): the 
ploughshare (rubbed against the furrow) 
begins to s., s. vomer, Virg. G. 1, 46: 
Ov. 4. niteo, 2 (to beam with re- 
flected Vight): to s. with unguents, un- 
guentis n., Cic. Cat. 2, 3: to s. with 
use, usu n., Ov.: cf. Lucr. 1, 9, nitet 
diffuso lumine coelum. Comp. : perniteo, 
2 (to s. very much: vy. rare): Mela. 
Incept. nitesco, tui, 3 (to begin to s.): 
Cic. poet.: Plin. 5, mico, 1: v. To 
GLITTER, GLEAM,. 6. candeo, ui, 2 (to 
emit a white light: poet.): tvory s.s on 
the thrones, c. ebur soliis, Cat. 64, 45° 
cf. Hor. Od. 1, 9, 1, Where candidum = 


: 1, Gliiceo, xi, 2 

— out: (both lit. and fig.): a 
circle s.ing out among the flames, inter 
flammas circulus elucens, Cic. Rep. 6, 
16. Fig.: already the spark of genius 
shone forth in the youth, scintilla in- 


genii jam elucebat in puero, Cic. Rep. 2, 
21. QQ, &niteo, 2 (both lit. and fig.): 
the myrtle s.s forth with flowery branch- 
lets, myrtus floridis ramulis e., Cat. 61, 
21: so much grace s.s forth from her 
lovely face, tantum egregio decus e, ore, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 150. Fig.: Demosthenes 
shone forth in those speeches which ave 
called “the Philippics,” in iis oration|- 
bus, quae Philippicae nominantur, eni- 
tuit Demosthenes, Cic. Att. 2, 1,2: va- 
lour shone forth in war, virtus in bello 
enituit, id. Mur. 14, ad fin. Incept. 
énitesco, tui, 3 (both lit. and fig.): thou 
shinest forth fairer by far, etc., enitescis 
pulcbrior multo, etc., Hor. Od. 2, 8, 6: 
Quint. Fig.: (he eagerly desired a new 
war) where valour could s. forth, ubi 
virtus e. posset, Sall. C. 54, jin. 3. 
fulgeo, 2 (rarely fig.); even in youth his 
excellent disposition shone forth, fulge- 
bat jam in adolescentulo indoles vir- 
tutis, Nep. Eum. 1, med. More pre- 
cisely, comp.: effulgeo, 2 (both lit. and 
fig.). a new light shone forth from the 
eyes, nova lux oculis effulsit, Virg. Aen. 
9, 731. Fig.: Philip and Alexander 
the Great shone forth in war, in bello 
Philippus ac Magnus Alexander effulge- 
bant, Liv. 45,7. 4, exsplendesco, dui, 
3, incep. (only fig.): he began tos. forth 
more brilliantly than his schoolfellows 
could patiently bear, clarius exsplen- 
descebat. quam condiscipuli aequo ani- 
mo ferre possent, Nep. Att.1, fin. : from 
his very childhood the gifts of mind and 
body began to s. forth, in puero statim 
corporis animique dotes exsplenduerunt, 
Suet. Tit.3. 5, peliticeo and perliiceo, 
2 (in this sense only fig.) : the good and 
beautiful s.s forth from the virtues I 
have named, honestum decorumque ex 
iis, quas commemoravi, virtutibus p., 
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 32: the character of the 
speaker s.s forth (i. e. appears) from 
the speech, mores dicentis ex oratione p., 
Quint. 6, 2, 13. 

shine on or upon: _ 1. affulgeo, si, 
2 (both lit. and fig.: with dat.): when 
thy face, like spring, s.s upon the people, 
instar veris ubi vultus tuus affulsit po- 
pulo, Hor. Od. 4, 5,6: Ov.: Liv. 9. 
offulgeo, si, 2 (with dat.: rare): Virg. 
Aen. 9, 110. 8. illustro. collustro, 1 
Vv. TO ILLUMINE. (N.B.—affulgeo, offul- 
geo, as also refulgeo [Hor. Od. 2, 17, 23], 
are intrans. and take dat. of indirect obj. : 
illustro, collustro, are trans., and take 
acc. of direct obj.) 

— through: expr. by fulgeo, liceo, 
with per: v.TO SHINE. (Pelluceo, trans- 
luceo = to be transparent.) 

shingle: glarea, calcili. v. GRAVEL. 

shingly: glaredsus, calciilésus: v. 
GRAVELLY, 

shining (@dj.): Iiticidus, licens ; 
fulgidus, fulgens; witidus, nitens: v. 
BRIGHT. 

ship (subs.): 1, navis, is, 7. (gen. 
term, a s.of any kind): s.s of war, n. 
longae, Caes. B. G. 4, 22: s.s of burden, 
transport s.s., n. onerariae, ib. 4, 22: called 
also naves rotundae (from their form): 
the admiral’s s., n. praetoria, Liv. 29, 
25: a decked s., n. tecta, id. 22, 21, also 
n. constrata, id. 35, 46: a s. without a 
deck, n, aperta, id. 32, 21: a s. laden 
with gold, chaff, etc., n. auri, paleae. etc., 
Cic. Parad. 3, 1: to build a s., n. con- 
struere, id. de Sen, 20, 72: also, n. aeai- 
ficare, Caes. B. G. 5, init.; n. facere, ib. ; 
n. fabricari, Tac. A. * 29: to fit outa 
s., n. adornare, Caes. B. C. 1, 263 0. ar- 
mare, id. B. G. 5,1: to launch a s., n. in 
aquam deducere, Liv. 28, 17; or, simply, 
n. deducere, Caes. B. G. §, 233 or, n. ab 
terra moliri, Liv. 28, 7, fim.: toworkas., 
n. agere, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114: to bring a 
s. to land at any place, n. appellere ad 
aliquem locum, Cic. Att. 13, 21, 43 n. 
terrae applicare, Liv. 28,17: to sink as., 
np. deprimere, Caes. B. C. 2, 7: to sail in 
a s., in nave vehi, Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89. 
Fig.: the s. of the Repullic, n. reipub- 
licae, Cic. Sext. 20, 46. 
(a smaller s. ; in later Latin used as gen. 
term for navis): to build s.s, navigia 


| naves: v. SHIP. 


9, navigium 


tring s.8, speculatoria navigia, Caes. B. G. 
4, 26, fin.: transport s., navigia vec- 
toria, ib. 5, 8, fin. Other special terms 
are, corbita (a slow sailing 8. of burden) : 
Cic, Att. 16,6: gaulus (=Gr. yavAds; 
a round merchant vessel used by the 
Phoenicians): Fest.: cerciirus (= Gr. 
xépxoupos ; a kind of light s. peculiar lo 
the Cyprians): Liv. 33, 19, fim.: Plin. 
hippagogi, orum (=Gr. tmmaywyoi ; 
vessels for transporting horses: only in 
pl.): Liv. 44, 28: actuaria or actuarium 
(rare in this absolute use without navis, 
a sunft sailing s.): Caes. Dim. actu- 
aridlum (a small swift vessel impelled 
by oars): Cic. Att. 10, 11, 3. [N.B— 
The following words are used in the 
sense of navis by the poets: (1.) cdrina 
(lit. the keel of a s.): a treacherous sta- 
tion for s.s, statio male fida carinis, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 23: Hor. (2.) puppis, is, 
F. (lit. the stern or poop of a 8.): the 
swift s.s, p. citae, Hor, Epod. 9, 20: 
among a thousand barlcs thy s. shall be 
thousandth, inter mille rates tua sit mil- 
lesima p., Ov. H.13,97. Virg (3.) ratis 
(lit. a raft, float): they have placed 
curved krele on the s.s, pandas ratibus 
posuere carinas, Virg. G. 2, 445° Hor. 
(4.) pinus, ts and i, f. (lit. a pine; 
hence anything made out of pine wood, 
@s.): hither the s. Argo has not reached, 
non hue Argoo contendit p., Hor. Ep. 16, 
57: a s. driven by the headlong north- 
wind, acta praecipiti p. borea, Ov. H. 2, 
185: Virg.} 

ship (v.): |. To put on board s.: 
no exact equiv.; expr. by circumL, in 
havem or naves imponere: v. 10 EM- 
BARK. Il. To receive a wave on board 
a@ §.: nautical term: accipio, 3: f s. a 
dangerous sea, a. inimicum imbrem, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 123. 

— -builder: naupégus (= Gr. 
vauTmyos): Edict. Diocl. p. 19: also 
fabri navales may be used in the pl. to 
expr. a body of s.-builders: Inscr. Or 
by circuml. qui naves facit, aedificat. 

—-building: 1. expr. by cir- 
cuml. with naves facere, aedificare: Ae 
learnt the art of s.-building in his youth, 
*adolescens artem aedificandi naves di- 
dicit: timber for s.-building: perb. 
*materia ad naves aedificandas: pine- 
wood for s.-building, abies in fabri- 


candas naves, Liv. (Q.) 2. _perh. 
*architectira navalis. Place for s.- 
building: navalia, ium: Vv. DOCKYARD, 


ARSENAL, 

—— -carpenter : 
Inser. 

—— -master:) naviciilarius (homo): 
-owner: § the liberality of the 
s.-master was well known, audita nu 
hominis liberalitas est, Cic. Att. 9, 3 
our merchants or s.-s, mercatores aut 
n. nostri, id. Manil. 5, 11. 

shipping (subs.): collective term 
for a number of vessels: perb. navigia, 
orum: he saw much s. in the harbour, 
*in portu magnam navigiorum multi- 
tudinem vidit: or sometimes. simply 


naupégiarius 





shipwreck (suls.): i. Lites 
J, nautragium: many have suffered 
$.s, multi n. fecerunt, Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 
init.: to perish in a s., naufragiv perire, 
id. Deiot. 9, 25: or naufragio interire, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 27, fin.: also, naufragio 
intercipi (to be cut off by s.), Tac. A. 14, 
3. fin, 9, expr. by verbal phr.: te 
escape from (death by) s., fracta enatare 
navi, Hor. A. P. 20: so, mersa rate, Juv, 
14, 301: V. TO SHIPWRECK. Il. Fig.: 
destruction, ruin: ],. naufragium: 
the s. of the fortunes of C. Decianus, C. 
Deciani n. fortunarum, Cic. Rab. perd 
9. 25: so, n. rei familiaris, id. Fam. 1. 9, 
fin.: unless these men retire Jrom the 
helm of affairs, there is every reason to 
fear age neral s., qui nisi a gubernaculis 
recesserint, maximum ab universo nau- 
fragio periculum est, Cic, Fam. 16, 27, 
ad med. 9, ruina; clides (utter de 
struction, complete downfall): ¥. RUIN, 
DESTRUCTION 
shipwreck (v.): chiefly in pass. of 


facere, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 152: reconnoi- | persons: to be s. 'd, navem frango, 2: Ae 
B 


BI 


SHIPWRECKED 





was s.’d on the island of Andros, navem 
is fregit apud Andrum insulam, Ter. 
Andr. I, 3, 17: so Hor. has, omnis res 
mea fracta est, my fortunes were s.d, 
Sat. 2, 3, 18. Also, naufragium facere: 
Vv. SHIPWRECK (subs.). See also TO 
WRECK. 
shipwrecked (part. and adj.): 
1, naufragus: Africa saw Marius 
an exile and s., Africa Marium ex- 
pulsum et n. vidit, Cic, Pis. 19, 43: @ 
s. vessel, n. puppis, Ov. H. 2, 16: a s. 
woman, mulier n., Tac. A. 14, 11, jin. 
2. Ejectus: Virg. Aen. 4, 373 (ejec- 
tum litore.... accepi): Ov. 
shipwright: naupégus: v. SHIP- 
BUILDER. 
shire: comitatus, iis: v. COUNTY. 
shirt: 1. subaciila (any under 
garment): after that they began to wear 
two tunics each, they commenced calling 
them the s. and the indusiwm, postea 
quam binas tunicas habere coeperunt, 
instituerunt vocare s. et indusium, Varr. 
in Non. 542, 24: if a shabby s. comes 
next to a tunic of good cloth, etc., si forte 
8. pexae trita subest tunicae, etc., Hor. 
Ep. I, 1, 95: cf. Suet. Aug. 82, init. 
(quaternis cum pingui toga tunicis et 
subucula... muniebatur). Q. interila 
(it. imward, inner): App. Flor. M. 8, 
p. 205: or with vestis or tunica: id. p. 
346. 3. camisia (a linen night-s.): 
Isid. Or. 19, 22, 29. 4, sindon, dnis, 
F. (= Gr. ower; a kind of linen s., or 
wrapper): AUS.: V. SHEET. Prov.: 
near is my s. but nearer is my skin, 
tunica pallio propior, Pl. ‘Trin. 5, 2, 30: 
or perh, proximus egomet sum mihi, 
Ter. Andr. 4, 1, 12 (R. and A.). 
shiver (v.): JAC ab anis.):) 620 
dash or break in pieces: 1. com- 
minuo, i, itum, 3 (to break into small 
pieces): Cic. Pis. 38,93: V. TO BREAK IN 
PIECES. 2. confringo, frégi, fractum, 
3: to s. pots and cups, aulas calicesque 
c., Pl. Cap. 4, 4, 8: swords s.’d by swords, 
confracti ensibus enses, Lucan 4, 573. 
3. Glido, 3: v. TO DASH IN PIECES. 
B, Intrans.: |. Lit, to s. 
or tremble with cold: horreo, 2: not 
to furnish a tunic to the s.ing slave, 
horrenti tunicam non reddere servo, 
Juv. 1,93: and although you yourself 
will s., quamvis horrebis et ipse, Ov. 
AS Ase2 0 2035 I]. Vo shudder with 
fear, etc.: trémo, 3: contrémisco, 3: v. 
TO SHUDDER. 
shiver (subs.): |. A small piece 
broken off : fragmentum or fragmen, 
frustum: v. FRAGMENT, BIT. Phr.: to 
break anything all to s.s, confringere, 
comminuere: Vv. TOSHIVER(A.). |], A 
shuddering sensation: horror: a@ cold s. 
shakes my limbs, mihi frigidus h, mem- 
bra quatit, Virg. Aen. 3, 29: J call it a 
s. when the whole body trembles, h. voco, 
ubi totum corpus intremit, Cels. 3, 3, 
tnit.: Cic.: ¥. SHUDDER. Esp. in expr. 
cold s.s: horror: Cic Att. 12, 6, fin.: or 
expr. by frigus et febris: cf. Cic. Cat. 1, 
13, 30 (aestu febrique jactari): to be 
attacked with cold s.s, frigore tentari, 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 80: ef. foll. art. (I1.). 
shivering (subs.): |. Vhe act of 
breaking or dashing to pieces: expr. 
by verb: v. TO SHIVER (A.). I]. 4 
trembling or shaking with fear or cold: 
1, horror: the s. which attends the 
tertian and quartan fever, h. tertianae 
et quartanae, Plin. 22, 25, 72, jin.: 
Cels.: v. preced. art. Q. frigus, oris, 
nm. (v. Tare in this sense): fevers gene- 
rally begin with s., febres incipiunt fere 
ab horrore, Cels. 3, 3, init. 
shoal (subs.): |]. A multitude, in 
the expression a s. of fish: 1, exa- 
men, inis, n. (orig. a swarm of bees; 
afterwards, a multitude or swarm of 
anything): s.s of fish, pisclum exa- 
mina, Plin. 31, 1, 1. 9. vis: a great 
s. of fish, * magna vis piscium: v. MUL- 
TITUDE. Il. 4A place where the water 
ts shallow: 1, vadum (@ shallow 
place in a river or sea): dangerous by 
means of treacherous s.s, per occulta 
v. infestas (insulas), Tac. A. 2, 23, fin.: 
Vv. FORD, SHALLOW. 2. syrtis: v. 
738 


SHOCK 


QUICKSAND. 
LOWS. 

shoal (v. intr.) : expr. by phr. (maris) 
altitudo minuitur, decrescit: v. TO DE- 
CREASE. 

shoaly (adj.): vaddsus: @ s. river, 
amnis v., Virg. Aen. 7,128: thes. Syrtes, 
Syrtes v., Sall. J. 78, med.: v. SHALLOW. 

shock (subs.) : |. A violent colli- 
sion of bodies; a concussion: 1, con- 
flictus, is (a dashing violently together ; 
v. rarely found except in abl.): by the s. 
and friction of stones, c. atque tritu 
lapidum, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, fin.: by the s. 
of the clouds (in thunder), nubium con- 
flictu, id. Div. 2, 19, 44 2. conflictio 
(v. rare): Quint. 3, 6, 6. 3. conflic- 
tatio (only of the s. of hostile armies: 
v. rare): the s. of the two armies, duo- 
Tum exercituum c., Gell. 15, 18. 4. 
concursus, Us, m. (chiefly used of the s. 
made by the rushing together of two 
hostile parties): the s. of battle, praelii 
c., Nep. Thras. 1: as soon as their arms 
clashed in the first s., ut primo statim 
c. increpuere arma, Liv. I, 25, imit.: to 
be shaken by the violence of the tempests 
and by the s. of calamities, vi tempes- 
tatum et c. calamitatum labefactari, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 13, tnit. 5. impétus, iis, m.: 
when the force of it and the powerful s. 
hath shivered (the cloud), ubi comminuit 
vis ejus et i. acer, Lucr. 6, 128. Esp. of 
the s. of battle: the rush and s. of 
armed men, incursio atque i. armatorum, 
Cic. Caec. 15, 44: to lear up against 
such violent s.s of the winds, tantos i. 
ventorum sustinere, Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 
med. 6. collisus (extr. rare: to be 
avoided): Plin. 9, 35, 56. 7. impul- 
sus, ts, m. (chiefly in abl.): not only by 
the s. of shields and the collision of the 
bodies, etc., non solum i. scutorum neque 
conflictu corporum, etc., Cic. Caec. 13, 
43: that flame is set in motion not by 
as. from another body, etc., is ardor non 
alieno im. movetur, etc., id. N. D. 2, 12, 
32. ‘||. A blow; esp. in phr., to give 
or receive @ s.: expr. by verb: ile 
labéfacto, 1: to give a s. to any one’s 
dignity, alicujus dignitatem L., Cic. Rab. 
Post. 16, 44: to give a s. to any one’s 


3, brévia, ium: v. SHAL- 


credit, alicujus fidem 1., Liv. 24, 20, fin. < | 


his mind received a severe s., *mens 
vehementer labefactata est: he received 
£0 severe a S., that, etc., *ita vehementer 
labefactatus est, ut, ete. 2. concitio, 
ssi, ssum, 3 (to shake to the very founda- 
tions): to give a s. to the republic, 
c. rempublicam, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109: 
he gave a severe s. to the Lacaedemon- 
ian power, opes Lacaedemoniorum con- 
cussit, Nep. Epam. 6: the resources of 
the enemy having received a s., con- 
cussis hostium viribus, Vell. 2, 121: the 
Jidelity of the Transrhenant having re- 
ceived a S., concussa fide Transrhena- 
norum, Tac. H. 5,25. =|]. Zmpression 
or feeling of disgust: perhb. offensio, or 
expr. by offendo, di, sum, 3: v. TO SEOCK 
(I. and IL.). IV. An electrical s.: 
perh. *ictus @lectricus. V. Shock of 
an earthquake : 1, concussio, dnis, 7. 
(used of the shaking produced by an 
earthquake): a mighty s. which has 
buried two cities, c. vasta, quae duas 
suppressit urbes, Sen. Q. N. 6, 25, fin. 
2. succussio (a quaking of the 
earth): it is a s. when the earth is 
shaken and moved up and down, s. est 
cum terra quatitur et sursum ac deor- 
sum movetur, Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, med. 
3, usu. better expr. by verb con- 
ctitio, 3: the theatre receiving a severe s. 
From an earthquake, concusso terrae 
motu theatro, Suet. Ner. 20. 4, usu. 
terrae mOtus may be precise enough: v. 
EARTHQUAKE. YJ, Uf corn: v. SHEAF. 
shock (v.)<: |. In active sense, to 
strike with horror or disgust: le 
offendo, di, sum, 3: V. TOOFFEND. Q, 
percitio, ssi, ssum, 3: he was s.’d bya 
most cruel letter, percussus est atrocissi- 
tnis litteris, Cic. Fam. 9, 25. 8. per- 
cello, culi, culsum, 3 (v. rare): ‘T’ac. 
4. expr. by circuml., horrore, for- 
midine afficere: v. TO HORRIFY. Il. 
In passive sense, to be s.d: expr. by 


SHOE 


visu obstiipesco, pui, 3 (to stand aghast) : 
or visu réfugio, figi, 3: v. TO SHRINE 
FROM, RECOIL. Sometimes commoveri, 
permoveri, may serve, being applicable 
to any strong emotion: the whole state 
was greatly s.d at his death, * magno- 
pere commota est tota civitas ejus in- 
teritu, etc. 

shocking (adj.): producing a fcel- 
ing of disgust or horror: 1. foedus 
(foul, offensive: both lit. and fig.): 
a s. wound, f. vulnus, Ov. M. 12, 366: 
abominable and s. places, loca tetra 
et f., Sall. C. 52, ad med.: s. tempests, 
tempestates f., Liv. 25, 7. Fig.: @ 
s. crime, facinus f., Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 1: 
Cie. Q. taeter or téter, tra, trum 
(extremely disagreeable and offensive: 
both lit. and fig.): a@ horrible and s. 
Jace, vultus horridus et t., Suet. Cal. 
50: a very s. winter, teterrima hiems, 
Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 15. Fig.: @ 
very s. war, bellum teterrimum, Cic. 
Fam. 10, 14, 2: @ s. crime, facinus 
t., id. Off. 3, 25, 95. 3, atrox, dcis 
(abominably cruel): a thing so abomin= 
able, so s.,and so wicked, cannot be be- 
lieved, res tam scelesta, tam a., tam ne- 
faria credi non potest, id. Rosc. Am. 22, 
62: a s. tempest, a. tempestas, Tac. A. 
It, 31, extr.: that seemed a s. crime to 
the senators and people, a. visum id faci- 
nus patribus plebique, Liv. 1, 26. 4. 
inhonestus (that which brings disgrace 
or shame): nostrils mutilated with a s. 
wound, truncas inhonesto vulnere nares, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 497: most s. covetousness, 
inhonestissima cupiditas, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 
6. 5, néfarius, néfandus (abomin- 
ably wicked): s. cruelty [singularis et] 
nefaria crudelitas, Caes. B. G. 7,77: s. 
adultery with a most noble woman, ne- 
fandum adulterium nobilissimae fem- 
inae, Cic. Mil. 27,72: Vv. WICKED, ABOM- 
INABLE, EXECRABLE. As exclamation: 
indignum facinus! Pl.: or, simply, in- 
dignum: cf. Ov. M. 5, 36 (indignum? 
scelerato profuit ara): or expr. by 
* turpe dictu: fie, s.! *phui, turpe dictu! 

shockingly (adv.): 1, taetre (te 
tre): to do many things s., multa t. 
facere, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60. 2. foede 
(revoltingly) : they defiled the altar s. 
with the blood of the virgin, virginis 
aram turparunt sanguine foede, Lucr. 1, 
86: the rest mangled s. his legs and 
arms, ceteri crura brachiaque f. lania- 
vere, Tac. H. 1, 4I. 3. turpiter 
(shamefully, disgracefully): v. SHAME- 
FULLY. 4, expr. by adj. foedus (L. G. 
§ 343): their wounds ga 








ped upen more 
s., foediores patebant plagae, Liv. 38, 21, 
med. See also DISGRACEFULLY, SHAME- 
FULLY. 

shoe (subs.): 1, calceus: s.s for 
men and women, c. viriles et muliebres, 
Varr. L. L. 9, 29: suitable s.s and well- 
jitted to the foot, c. habiles, et apti ad 
pedem, Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231: the shoe 
untidily loose sticks on to the foot, male 
laxus in pede c. haeret, Hor. S. 1, 3, 32: 
to ask for your s.s (i.e. to rise from 
table), calceos poscere, Plin. Ep. 9, 17, 
jin.: to change one’s shoes (i.e. to be- 
come @ senator), c. mutare, Cic. Phil. 13, 
13, 28. Dimin. calcedlus (a small shoe ; 
rare): with turned up s.s, cum calceolis 
repandis, id. N. D. 1, 29, fin. 2. cal- 
ceamentum (collective term for all that 
covers the foot): my s.s are the hard 
skin of the soles of my feet, mihi c. solo- 
Tum callum, Cic. Tuse. 5, 32, 90: to put 
on s.s, c. induere, Plin. 28, 4, 7. Post.- 
August. for caleeamentum is calceatus, 
is, m.: which he was in the habit of 
using for s.s. quibus in calceatu ute- 
batur, id. 8,57,82: he wore clothing and 
s.s and the rest of his dress, etc., vestitu 
c.que et cetero habitu usus est, etc., 
Suet. Calig. 52, init. 3, sdlea (simply 
a covering for the soles of the feet; a 
slipper): Hor.: Gell.: see also SLIPPER. 
Used also of the shoes of horses or other 
animals: Suet. Ner. 30: Col. 4, soc- 
cus (a low-heeled, light s.; esp. the s. 
worn by the comic actors): I will give 
you s.s, a tunic,and a cloak, s., tunicam, 
pallium tibi dabo, Pl. Epid. 5, 2, 60: 


«oe 











SHOE 


sometimes Sometimes he was seen wearing ioomen's | shooting a bird flying): ¥. ro eramce,| et quasi o.,Clc. Of 2.42.4). Alop ca was seen wearing women's 
$5, nonnunguam s, muliebri conspectus 
est, Suet. Calig. 52. 5, caliga (a 
strong and heavy s. worn by the Roman 
soldiers) : his s.s and chalked gaiters did 
not please me, mihi caligae ejus et fasciae 
oretatae non placebant, Cic, Ait. 2, 3, 1 
as. for the use of spies, c. speculatoria, 
Suet. Calig. 52. beg is péro, dnis, m. (a 
kind of large s. made of raw hide, and 
worn chiefly by the peasants): a 8. made 
of raw hide covers the other foot, pedem 
crudus tegit altera p., Virg. Aen. 7, 6go: 
to wear in winter a s. reaching some 
distance up the leg, per glaciem perone 
tegi, Juv. 14, 185: see also Smith’s 
Antiq. p. 889. 7, crépida (a sandal 
consisting only of a sole without upper 

leather): Vv. SANDAL, SLIPPER. 8, 
sandalium (a sandal): v. SANDAL. 

shoe (v.): calceo, r: to s. mules, mu- 
las c., Suet. Vesp. 23: to trust oneself 
(to a s.-maker) to be shod: alicul calce- 
andos committere pedes, Phaedr. 1, 14, 
16: more fully, soccis, cothurnis c., Plin. 
Shod uth iron, perh. ferratus: to s. 
horses, * equos soleis ferreis instruere, 


armare. 

— -black (suls.): expr. by calceos 
detergere; calceos purgare ac nitidare: 
V. TO POLISH. 

—— -brush: perh. *péniciilus quo 
calceamenta detergentur (R. and A.). 

—— -maker: 1, siitor: Cic.: 
Phaedr. (gen. term). Prov.: that the 
s. should stick to his last, s. ne supra cre- 
pidam judicaret, Plin. 35, 10, 36. 
solearius (a sandal or slipper-maker) : 
PL. Aul. 3,5, 40. 3, calceator (v. rare 
and late): Inscr. 4, caleedlarius (also 
vy. rare); Pl. Aul. 3, 5, 38. 5, siitor 
crépidarius (v. rare; a sole-maker): he 
asked for a s.’s knife Srom a s., cre- 
pidarium cultellum rogavit a crepidario 
sutore, Gell. 13, 21, fin. 6. suitor ca- 
ligarius, or simply caligarius (both v. 
rare and late): Inscr.; Lampr. A shoe- 


maker’s apprentice: sutrinae tabernae 
alumnus, Tac. A. 15, 34 (R. and A.): 
a@ shoemaker’s shop: vaberna sitrina, 
Tac. A. 15, 343 or simply sutrina: @ 
chicken flew into a s.’s shop, pullus in 
8. devolavit, Plin. 10, 43, 60: Tert. Pall. 
5: s.'s blacking, atramentum sitorium, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 21, fin.: Plin 20, 12, 48: a 
s.’s punch : fistiila sutoria: id. 17, 14, 23 : 
the trade of a s., ars siitrina: Plin. 7, 56, 
57: 0r pean, sitrina: Vitr. 6, praef. jin. 
-strings: 1, perh.crepidarum 
obstragiila: Plin. 9, 35,56. 2, habéna 
(a leathern strap): they are tied on 
with s., habenis vincta sunt, Gell. 13, 21. 
shoot (subs.): 1, virga (g. term: 
any young twig or sprout): v. TwiG. 
2, planta (a@ shoot for planting or 
grafting): Cic. de Sen. 15, 52 (malleoli, 
plantae, sarmenia, viviradices, propa- 
gines): Varr. 3. 
for setting or grafting): Col. R. R. 6, 
15: Plin. Also used fig.: Cic. de Or. 
3, 28, 110 (ex jure civili surculo de- 
fringendo). 4, talea (a cutiing for 
peming) : cut olive-ss of about the 
gth of three feet, t. oleagineas tripe- 
daneas decidito, Cato R. R. 45: Col. 
Dimin., tiledla’ (v. rare): Col. 5. 
stdlo, Onis, m. (a useless sucker): no s. 
could be found on his farm, nullus in 
ejus fundo reperiri poterat s., Varr. R. R. 
m2 6 Elin. 6. flagellum (4 young 
branch, a vine sapling): Virg.G. 2,299: 
Varr. ‘7, propago (a “ layer”): Cic.: 
Virg.: v. Layer. (in this sense 6 in 
Virg.)  &, pullus (the young of any- 
thing: of plants, a sprout, young twig): 
Cato RK. R. 51: v. sprout. Dimin., 
pulliilus: Plin. 17, 10, 12: v. spRoorT. 
9, sdbdles (siibiles): to plant an 
elm pag s, ulmum serere ex subolibus, 


Col. 5,6. Plin. 

shoot (v.): A. Trans: . To 
let fly and drive with force: (tela) 
mittere, emittere, immittere (at some 
one), conjicere (of a number of persons 
Shooting missiles at once): v. TO Dis- 
CHARGE (1V.). I]. Zo wound or kill 
by shooting : (telo) ferire, vulnerare, de- 
ficere (to bring down, as in the case of 


surciilus (a slip 


SHORT 


shooting a bird flying): Vv. TO STRIKE, 
WOUND, B. Intrans.: |. 70 fire 
a shot: v. preced. art.(1.). —|J, Of any 
rapid motion : esp. in phr. to shoot across 
(the sky, etc.), along: expr. by volare 
(transvolare), currere (transcurrere), labi: 
V. TO FLY (Over, across); GLIDE. (Comp. 
poe Aen. 2, 693, lapsa per umbras stella 
- Multa cum luce cucurrit.) _— fj. Of 
pain, to dart and prick: vermino, ver- 
minor, 1: Sen. V. B. 17 (with ref. to 
gout). "So, verminosus (troubled with 
shooting or itching pain): Plin. 
shooting-star; fax (coelestis): v. 
METEOR. 
shop (subs.): 1, taberna: a book- 
seller’s s., t. libraria, Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21 
eis etaply, libraria, Gell. 5, 4): a wine 
t. vinaria, Varr. L. L. 8, 30, 117: a 
toeaiber's ¢. t. sutrina, Tac. A. 15, 34 
(or simply, sutrina, Plin.) : to keep a s., 
tabernam exercere, Suet. Aug. 4: to 
shut up s., claudere t., Hor. S. 1, 3, 132. 
Dimin., tiberniila (a little shop, i. e. the 
shop of a petty tradesman) : to trrealc open 
an rob the s.s, tabernulas etfringere et 
Dae Suet. Ner. 26, init.: Ulp. Dig. 
5, 1, 19. 2. officina (a workshop): 
a s. in which garments are made for 
sale, o. promercalium vestium, Suet. 
Gramm. 23, fin.: v. also WORKSHOP. 
Among special kinds of shops muy be 
mentioned, tonstrina, a@ barber’s s.; 
laniena, less freq. laniarium, a butcher’s 
$.; popina, @ cook-s. or eating-house ; 
thermopolium, a s. for hot drinks: v. 
BARBER, BUTCHER, etc. 

— ‘keeper: 1, tabernarius (only 
found in pl.) : artisans and shop-Ieepers, 
opifices et tabernarii, Cic. Fl. 8,18. 2, 
expr. by circuml. with v., to be a shop- 
keeper, tabernam exercere, Suet. Aug. 4. 

shore (subs.): 1, litus (littus), 
Oris, n. (gen. term): to make for the s., 
1. petere, Ov. M. 2, 844: to sail along 
the s., 1. praetervebi, Caes, (Kr.): to hug 
(ie. sail along) the s. as closely as pos- 
sible, quam poterant proxime 1. tenere, 
Liv. 44, 12, fin.: so, 1. premere, Hor. 
Od. 2, 10, 3: the s.s of lake Trasimenus, 
Teaabment litora, Sil. 15, 818. 2. ora 
(that part of a country which borders 
upon the sea): from the s. of Greece to 
Aegypt, ab 0. Graeciae usque ad Aegyp- 
tum, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, init.: the Greek 
cities upon the Asiatic s., urbes Graecae 
in o. Asiae, Nep. Alc. 5: coasting along 
the s. of Italy he arrived at Ariminium, 
o. Italiae legens, Ariminium pervenit, 
Liv. 21, 51. 3. acta (= Gr. ax7y;3 
the beach or strand: where the waves 
break: rather rare): he was lying 
drunk on the s., in a. jacebat ebrius, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 25, 63. See also REACH. 

shore up: (sublicis) fulcire, sufful- 
cire: v. TO PROP. 

shoreless (adj.): A, Lit.: sine 
litore: Phr.: the sea was s. too, deerant 
quoque litora ponto, Ov. B. Fig.: 
V. BOUNDLESS; VAST. 

short (adj.): Not long, not of great 
extent or duration: 1, brévis, e 
(most nsu. term) : there were tivo ways, 
the shorter of which, etc., duae erant 
viae, quarum brevior, etc., Nep. Eum. 
8: the judge was himself (of) shorter 
(stature) than the witness, judex ipse 
brevior quam testis erat, Cic. de Or. 2, 
60, 245: a@ shorter day, dies brevior, 
Pl. Am. I, 3,51: a s. story, b. narratio, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28: in gram.: of the 
quantity of syllables: a long syllable 
coming next to a s. one is called an 
iambus, syllaba longa brevi subjecta 
vocatur iammbus, Hor. A. P. 251: Cic. 
Comp.: perbrévis (very short): in a 
very s. time, p. tempore, Cic. Verr. 3, 9, 
22. In tmesi: altera pars per mihi bre- 
vis videtur, id. Cluent. 1, 2. Dimin.: 
brévictilus (shortish: rare): a s. man, 
b. homo, Pl. Merc. 3, 4, 54° Apul. 2 
exiguus "(denoting insufficiency, scanti- 
ness of time): s. time, tempus e., Cic. de 
Or. 1, 20, g2: as. ae “of summer, e. 
pars aestatis, Caes. G. 4, 20, init. 

3: soni pendanin (ofa way, a short 

cut): the nearest road, and as if it were 
as. cut toglory, via ad gloriam proxima 





Ee oI ie te ek, 2 * SHORTEN OYUG 


et quasi c., Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43. Also as 
subs., compendiarie (a short way): Petr. 
S. 2,9: and adv., compendiaria and cor~ 
pendiario (bya short cut): I will bring 
you by a s. way to very great wealth, 
ad maximas te divitias compendiaria 
ducam, Sen. Ep. 119, 1: ef. ib. 73, 12 
(te in coelum compendiario vocw). Phr.: 
the s. cuts of the mountain, muntis com- 
pendia, Ov. M. 3, 234: to go by s. cuts, 
compendiis ire, Tac. A. 12, 28: to run 
s., ad angustias decidere, Suet. Cl. g (v. 
STRAITS): to cut 8. (i. e. to abridge), in 
angustum cogere, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2: 
ef. Cic. Rab. perd. 2, 6, in semihorae 
curriculum cogere (to cut short in the 
way of time): to fall s. of, non per- 
venire ad..., non contingere (v. TO FALL 
SHORT ; also, TO REACH): ins. (= to be 
brief, to sum up), denique (v. Smith's 
Lat. Dict. s. v. No. IIL. 
short-hand (v. rare) : notae, arum 
(short-hand characters): s.-hand, by 
means of which the hand keeps up ‘with 
the speed of the tongue, n., quibus celer- 
itatem linguae manus sequitur, Sen. Ep. 
9°, 26: to take down in s.-hand very 
rapidly, notis excipere velocissime, Suet. 
Tit. 3: Paul. Dig. 37, 1, 6. 
—-hand writer: 1, notarius: 
I call my s.-hand writer, and dictate 
what Ihave composed, n. yoco et quae 
formaveram dicto, Plin. Ep. 9, 36, init.: 
(speeches) corrupted by the carelessness 
of the s.-hand writers who took them 
down, negligentia excipientium nota- 
riorum corruptae, Quint. 7, 2, 24. 24. 
actuarius (one who took notes of speeches 
eaereren in court): Suet. Caes. 55: 
. SCRIBE. 
heed: 1, brévis: s.-lived is 
this enjoyment, b. hic est fructus, Lucr. 
3, 927: the s.-lived affections of the 
Roman people, b. populi Romani amores, 
Tac. A.2,41: their s.-lived lord, dominum 
b., Hor. Od. 2, 14, 24 (poet. constr.). 
2 fiigitivus (fleeting : v. rare in 


this sense): s.-lived joys, gaudium f., 
Mart. 7,47. 3, fluxus (fleeting, tran. 
stent): the glory of riches and beauty 


ts s.-lived, divitiarum et formae gloria 
fluxa est, Sall. C. 1: a s.-lived and use- 
less trust, f. et vana fides, Liv. 28, 6. 

4, expr. by circuml., that delight 
ts s.-lived, delectatio illa est ad breve et 
exiguum tempus, Cic. See also TRAN- 


SIENT. 
-sighted: I. Not able to see 

Jar: 1. myops, opis (= Gr. piww: 
rare and late): Ulp. Dig. 21, 1,10. Q, 
luscitidsus, luscidsus ar cone 2 see- 
ing best in the dark: rare): Pl.: VPilin. 
3, expr. by circuml.: Jam s.-sighted, 

*quae in proximo sunt parum mihi 
cernunt oculi: visus (mihi) in proximo 
deficit, Sen. (Quich.). |]. Not able to 
look far into futurity : improvidus : 

$.-sighted souls, i. pectora, Virg. Aen. 2, 
200: Cic. Also caecus may sometimes 
serve: cf. Lucr. 2, 14, O miseras ho- 
minum mentes, O pectora caeca, short- 
sighted souls ! 

—— -sightedness (sus.): |. Lit.- 
* myopia (Gr. pvwria): M.L. jj. Fig.. 
expr. by circuml, *consilia parum pro- 
vida: cf. preced. art. (IL.). 

— -winded: 1, dnbélus: s. old 
men, senes a, Virg. G. 2, 135: Sil. 15 
921 (longi laboris anheli). 2. Ens 
lator (panting, asthmatical): Plin. 

23, 49. Or by circuml. qui apices 
angustiis laborat, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 
181. 

— -coming (subs.): |, A fail 
ing of the usual produce, as of @ crop: 
angustiae, indpia: Vv. SCARCITY. Il. 
A failure of full performance, as of 
duty: délictum, negligentia: Vv FAULT, 
NEGLECT. Usu. better expr. by verb: 
my S.s., quae a me praetermissa s. ne- 
glecta sunt: Vv. TO OIMT, NEGLECT. 

shorten(v.): A. Trans: 1, 
contraho, xi, ctum, 3: and now mid-day 
had s.’d the shadows of things, jamque 
dies medius rerum contraxerat umbras, 
Ov. M. 3, 144: tos. the times for speak- 
ing, tempora gicendi c., Quint. 6, 5, é 

2. cvoarcto (coarto), 1 (to limit): t 
139 





SHORTLY 





s. the time for celebrating the nuptials, 


tempus sponsas habendi c., Suet. Aug. 
343 to-s. the consulships of the others, 
tonsulatus aliorum c., Tac. H. 2, 71. 
8, more freq. expr.. by circum. : 
fwinter) s.s the days, *dies breviores 
facit s. reddit: to s. the time of speal- 
mg, *dicendi tempus angustius reddere : 
y. sHor?T. Phr.: tos. syllables, syllaba 
corripere, Quint. 1, 5, 18. See also TO 
ABRIDGE, CONTRACT, DIMINISH. BB, In- 
irans.: expr. by pass. vefl. of verbs 
ander (A); or act. with pron. refl.: 
the days s. gradually, * sensim dies bre- 
viores fiunt, redduntur: human life has 
sd, *hominum vitae spatium in angus- 
tius coactum est. 
snortly (adv.): J, Quickly, in a 
little time: 1, brévi tempore, or, 
simply brévi: that they themselves 
would s. decide about the march, de 
itinere ipsos b. tempore judicaturos, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 40: Cic. Fam. 12, 2, fin.: 
Lucr. 2, 77 (inque brevi spatio): he was 
taken ill, and s. afterwards he died, ille 
affectus, brevi postea est mortuus, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 54, fin. 2. mox: he bade me 
tdl you that he would come s., jussit mibi 
nuntiari, m.se venturum, id. Att. 10, 4, 3: 
Twill s. return hither, m. ego revertar, 
Ter. Andr. 3, 2, 5. 8. propédiem (at 
an early date): I will see you s., p. te 
videbo, Cic. Div. 1, 23, 49: others will s. 
Fasten you yourself to the cross, te cruci 
ipsum p. alii affigant, Pl. Pers. 2, 4, 24. 
Il. In a few words, briefly: 1, 
bréviter: s. to compress much matter 
in a few words, br. paucis comprendere 
multa, Lucr, 6, 1082: to rite concisely 
and s., summatim b.que describere, Cic. 
Or. 15, fin. 2, brévi (abl. of ad). 
brevis used as adv.): I will go through 
that s., id percurram b., Cic. Caec. 32, 94: 
to explain a thing s., aliquid b. explicare, 
id. Plane. 40, 95: to reply to a letter s., 
litteris b. respondere, id. Fam. 3, 8, init. 
8, presse (concisely): to define any- 
thing s. and closely, aliquid p. et anguste 
definire, id. Or. 33, 117: to write s., p. 
scribere, Plin. Ep. 3, 18, fin. Join: 
presse et anguste: presse et astricte. 
shortness (subs.): 1, brévitas 
(gen. term): our s. (of stature) is a 
source of contempt to the men of Gaul, 
Gallis hominibus b. nostra contemptui 
est, Caes. B. G. 2, 30: I was compelled 
to write so little by the s. of the time, 
brevitate temporis tam pauca cogerer 
scribere, Cic. Att. I, 10, I. 2. exig- 
uitas (scantiness): such was the s. of 
the time, temporis tanta fuit e., Caes. 
BAG 2337. 3, angustiae, arum (in 
quantity and time): s. of breath, a. 
spiritus, Cic. de Or, 3, 46, 181: the s. of 
time, a. temporis, ib. 3, 61, 228: the s. of 
the supply of corn, rei frumentariae a., 
Caes. B.C. 2, 17. 
shot (subs.): |. The act of shoot- 
ing: ictus, us (gen. term): to strike 
what is aimed at with unerring s., 
ictu certo destinata ferire, Curt. 5, 41: 
they say that their s.s never miss, i. de- 
erraturos negant, Plin. 28, 8, 27: Vv. 
STROKE. |], That which is discharged, 
a bullet: 1, glans, glandis, f. (orig. 
an acorn-shaped ball of lead or clay): 
Vv. BULLET. 9. missile télum, and 
simply missile; v. MISSILE. I. Tre 
reach of a missile ; esp. in phr. within 
or out of s.: 1, jactus, is: within s., 
intra teli j., Virg. Aen. 11, 608: to 
come within s., ad teli j. venire, Curt. : 
so, out of s., * extra teli j. Q. ictus, 
lis, m.: to be out of s., extra teli ictum 
esse, Liv. 34, 28: to come within s., sub 
i, venire, id. 27, 18. IV. A marks- 
man; as an excellent s.: expr. by 
circuml.: he was such an wumerring 
s. that..., adee certo ictu destinata 
feriebat ut..., Curt. 5, qi: he was a 
good s., *missilibus certo ictu utebatur. 
V. A reckoning; proportional share 
of the expenses at a tavern: 1, col- 
lecta: to demand the s. from a boon 
companion, c. a conviva exigere, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 59, 233. 2. symbéla (= Gr. 
aupBodn ; a contribution of money to a 


feast): the contributors of the s., sym-! 


14° 








SHOULDER-BLADE 


bolarum collatores, Pl. Cure. 4, 1, 13: 
Ter.. to pay one’s shot, ex s. conferre, 
Macr. Without paying one’s s. (i. e. scot- 
Sree), asymbolus; Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 25. 
should: |. As auxiliary verb in 
the conditional : expr. by subj. the pres. 
and perf. tenses of which are used of an 
hypothesis which is conceived as pos- 
sible: if Is. deny, si negem; if J s. be 
disposed, si velim; if you s. be aware, si 
scieris, etc., L.G.§ 426: and the imperf. 
and pluperf. of an bypothesis contrary 
to fact and therefore not conceived as 
now possible: I s. not say so did I not 
believe it, non ita dicerem nisi mibi per- 
suasum esset: I s. not have said so un- 
less...., non ita dixissem nisi.... etc., 
L. G. § 42". Il. As a softened form 
to avoid too positive a statement: use 
pres. or perf. subj.: Is. think, censeam 3 
1 should be inclined to believe, credi- 
derim, etc.: L. G. § 430. II]. As sign 
of future after past tenses; where ina 
direct statement the future indic. would 
be found: e. g. he said he s. sail to- 
morrow (direct statement, I shali. sail 
to-morrow), dixit se cras navigaturum : 
what do you suppose Ishould have done ? 
quid me facturum fuisse arbitraris? 
L.G. § 507. IV. As denoting obliga- 
tion: 1, expr. by fut. imperat.: this 
you s. do....this you s. shun, hoc facito, 
hoc fugito, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 63: you s. be- 
ware of such, hunc tu caveto, Hor. 1, 4, 
85: all commands s. be just, imperia 
justa sunto, Lex in Cic. Leg. 3, 3, init. 
9, expr. by gerundive; used per- 
sonally in the case of trans. verbs and 
impersonally in the case of other verbs, 
pass.: L. G. $§ 535, 536. ; 
shoulder (subs.) : 1, bhimérus 
(of a man ; rarely used of a quadruped) : 
the arrows hung from his s., sagittae 
pendebant ab humero, Cic. Verr. 4, 34, 
74: that their arms and s.s might be 
Sree to wield their weapons, ut brachia 


atque bh. ad sustinenda arma liberi essent, | 


Caes. B. G. 7, 56: broad in the s.s, latus 
ab humeris, Suet. ‘Vib. 68: the strength 
and breadth of their s.s (of oxen) were 
made for dragging ploughs, vires hu- 
merorum et latitudines natae sunt ad 
aratra trahenda, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 159. 
Fig.: to bear up the state on one’s s.s, 
rem publicam bumeris sustinere, id. 
Flacc. 37, 94. 2, armus (gen. of an 
animal; v. rarely used of a man): cf. 
Ov. M. 10, Joo, ex humeris [hominis] 
armi [leonis] fiunt (of a man metamor- 
phosed into a lion): Plin.: rarely of a 
human s., Virg. Aen. 11, 645. Phr.: 
to put any one out of doors by the s.s, 
aliquem capite protrudere foras, Phaedr. 
5,7, extr.: Ihave taken up a weight too 
heavy for my s.s, * plus oneris quam pro 
viribus meis sustuli. 

shoulder (v.): |. To push with 
the s.s, expr. by circuml. (1.) with hu- 
merus: they s. each other, humeris con- 
nixi inter se trudunt, cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 
264: cf. also Hor. Od. 2, 13, 36, densum 
humeris vulgus (the s.ing crowd). (2.) 
with umbo, 6nis, m. (the elbow put out 
as a kind of s.): he leaped into the ship 
s.ing those who opposed him out of his 
way, transiluit in navem, umbone obvios 
agens, Suet. Caes. 68, extr.: fall in with 
a crowd, he will s. a way Jor you, in 
turbam incideris, cuneos umbone re- 
pellet, Mart. 3, 46,5. ||, Zo take upon 
the s.: expr. by circuml.: *in humeros 
tollere. 

—-belt: *balteus qui per hu- 
merum it: v. BELT. 

— «blade (subs.): 1, scapilae, 
arum: from the neck two broad bones 
reach on both sides to the s.-blades, a cer- 
vice duo lata ossa utrinque ad s. tendunt, 
Cels. 8, 1, med.: a pain in the side, or 
between the s.-blades, or in the throat, 
lateris dolor, aut inter s., aut in thorace, 
Plin. 21, 21, 89: Ov. 2. sciitiila 
dperta (lit. covered shields: appy. a 
popular term for scapulae) : we call them 
s.-blades, the Greeks wpmomAatas, 
nostri scutula operta, @momAatas Graeci 
nominant, Cels. 8, 1, med. 3. pilae, 
drum (rare in this sense): Coel. Aur. 





SHOUTING 





_shoulder-knot: v. EPAULET. 
shout (subs.): 1, clamor (most 
usual word): to raise a loud s., c. mag- 
num tollere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2,1: Phaedr.: to 
raise a s. to heaven, c. in coelum tollere, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 745: or, ad aethera, ib. 2, 
38: also, c. edere, Cic. Div. 2, 23, 50: 
and strengthened, c. profundere, id. 
Flacc. 6, fin. : clamores usu. denotes 
shouts of applause, as in Cic. Am. 4, 24 5 
but is also used to denote shouts of dis- 
approbation, loud outcry: e.g. they 
assail Fufius with s.s and abuse, Fufium 
c. et conviciis consectantur, Cic. Att. 2, 
18, init. Phr.: ss of joy, clamor et 
gaudium, Tac. H. 2, 70: or, clamor lae- 
tus, Virg. Aen. 3, 524. 9, convicium 
(noisy s.ing and din): Vv. UPROAR. 
Join: clamor et convicium; clamor 
conviciumque ; clamor atque convicium. 
3. vox, vocis, f. (a cry): Vv. CRY, 
EXCLAMATION. acclamatio: v. 
SHOUTING. 5, conclamatio (the s.ing 
of a number of persons ali together): 
the s.s of the whole army, c. universi 
exercitus, Caes. B.C. 2, 26: v. ACCLAMA- 
TIon. 6, frémitus, tis, m. (a loud mur- 
muring sound made by the simultaneous 
s.ing of a great multitude): the whole 
grove resounds with the s.s and applause 
of the men, plausu, f. virum consonaé 
omne nemus, Virg. Aen. 5, 148: see 
also ROAR. 
shout (v.): 1, clamo,1: the popu- 
lace flock around, they make a hubbub, 
they s., and fight Jor places, populus 
convolat, tumultuantur, c., pugnant de 
loco, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 33: good at 
s.ing, in clamando bene robustus, Cic. 
Div. Verr. 15,48. Comp.: (1.) acclamo, 
I (in Cic. in hostile sense; with dat.) : 
to s. against any one, alicui a., id. Brut. 
73,256: v.TO cRY OuT AGAINST. In the 
historians, to s. applause: the people and 
the army s.’d (applause), populus et miles 
acclamavit, Tac. H. 1, 78: ef. Liv. 34, 
50, fin.: seealsoTO APPLAUD. (2.) con- 
clamo, 1 (to s. together . of a multitude ; 
esp. in approbation or assent): they ali 
s. in a body that the opportunity ought 
not to be lost, c. omnes occasionem 
amittendam non esse, Caes. B. G. 3, 18: 
you all of you s.’d together with one mind 
and voice, etc., vos universi, una mente 
atque voce conclamastis, Cic. Phil. 6, 1, 
2: to s. a joyful paean, c. paeana 
laetum, Virg, Aen. 10, 738. (3.) suc- 
clamo, 1 (to s. out in reply to): the mul- 
titude s.’d out in reply to Virginius, Vir- 
ginio succlamabat multitudo, Liv. 3, 50. 
Frequent.: clamito, 1 (to s. or bawl out 
Frequently): s.ing “to arms, citizens,” 
“ad arma, cives,” clamitans, id. 9, 24: 
constantly s.ing that he was a free man 
belonging to a free state, saepe clami- 
tans, “liberum se liberae civitatis esse,” 
Caes. B. G. 5, 7. 2. vociféror, 1 (to 
call out or exclaim): they s. out that 
they will come, vociferantur se ituros, 
Liv. 2, 65: some s. out that he is an 
incendiary and gormandizer, alii in- 
cendiarium et patinarium v., Suet. Vit. 
17: Vv. TO BAWL. 3, strépo, ui, 3 (to 
raise a din, s. noisily) : as they s.’d out 
these things, baec quum streperent, Liv. 
2, 45 (a rare use). Comp circumstrépo, 
3 (to s. clamourously round): some s.’d 
more fiercely, quidam atrociora circum- 
strepebant, Tac. A. 3,36. 4, expr. by 
clamor with a verb: who ts s.ing there? 
qui istic c. tollis? Pl. Cure. 2, 2, 27: he 
s.'d loudly with astonishment, c. majorem 
cum admiratione edidit, Cic. Div. 2, 23, 
50: by s.ing, protundendo clamore, id. 
Flacc.6,15. §, or by vox with a verb: 
when he had s.’d this loudly, hoc quum 
magna voce edidisset, Caes. B. G. 4, 25. 
shouting (subs.): ], clamor, cla- 
mores: pass.: Vv. SHOUT (subs). 2. 
acclamatio (in Cic. with the idea of hos- 
tility or disapprobation): he was hin- 
dered not only with s., bul even with 
reviling, non modo a., sed etiam con- 
vicio impediebatur, cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 
init. Later, as used of the people, 
always a shout of approbation: the s. 
of the multitude, a. multitudinis, Liv. 
31, 15: Suet. Caes. 79, init. 














—s. 


SHOVE 





SHOW 





shove (v.): : 
to s. a sluggard into a battle, inertem 
in proelia t., Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 17: to be 
dragged and s.d, trahi et trudi, PI. 
Capt. 3,5,92: v. TO PUSH,THRUsT. 2, 
pulso, r (implying a shock given with 
some violence): v, TO PUSH, THRUST. 

shove (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 

. art. 

shovel (subs.): 1, pala(gen. term; 
esp. a shovel for putting bread into an 
oven): speaking of the requisites for a 
farmer, Cato mentions siz shovels, sex 
palae, R. R. 11, fin.: also a winnowing 
Shovel: Tert. 2, batillum (usu. but not 
always made of wood): Varro mentions 
batillum ligneum cum serrula ferrea 
Messis causa, Kk. R. 1, 50, med.: it was 
@ tool a little hollowed out to catch the 
ears of corm; also used for collecting 
manure: ef. id. 3, 6, fin. 3. perh. 
rutrum (for raleing out): Cato R. R. 10: 
Liv. 4, riitabalum ( /fire-shovel, oven- 
rake): Cato R. R. ro: Suet. Aug. 75. 
Phr.: to measure out money with a s., 
modio numos metiri (said of a rich man), 
Petr. 3, 7. 

shovel (v.): expr. by pala, bitillo, 
Tutro, etc.; tollere. éjicere, etc. When 
speaking familiarly the subs. may be 
omitted, as, s. out those coals, * ejice illos 
carbones. 

show (?.): |. To point out, to 

ibit: monstro, 1: to s. any one the 
way, viam alicui m., Enn. in Cic. Div. 
1, 58, 132; iter m., Curt. 5, 13: they s. the 
streams which they have discovered, in- 
ventaque flumina monstrant, Virg. Aen. 
6,8. Comp. (1) démonstro, 1: to s. any- 
thing by nodding the head or by point- 
ing, aliquid nutu vel manu d., Quint. 1, 
5, 36: tos. the roads carefully, itinera 
cum cura d., Liv. 23, 33. (2) com- 
monstro, 1 (strengthened from simple 
verb): to s. any one the way, alicui 
viam c., Cic. de Or. 1, 46, fin.: if Is. 
you that man whom you are looking for, 
si istunc hominem, quem tu quaeritas 
tibi commonstrasso, Pl. Epid. 3, 4, 5: 
see also TO POINT-OUT. Il. Zo exhibit, 
display ; esp. with pron. refl. in such 
sentences as, he showed himself a man 
of able statesmanship: 1, praebeo, 2 
(with pron. refl.) : he s.’d himself worthy 
of his ancestors, se dignum suis ma- 
joribus praebuit, Cic. Fam. 2, 18, fin. : 
Vv. TO PROVE (III.). Q, praesto, stiti, 
stitum and statum, 1; fut. part. prae- 
staturus (with pron. refi.): to s. oneself 
invincible, invictum se praestare, Ov. Tr. 
4, 10, 104: also with. adv., te praesta 
constanter ad omne indeclinatae munus 
amicitiae, Ov. Tr. 4,5,23. 3, exhibeo, 
2 (same constr.): how shall I s. myself 
to our people? quid me putas populo 
nostro exhibiturum? Cic. Acad. 1, 5, 18: 
to s. oneself a real statesman, vere ci- 
vilem virum e., Quint. 12, 2, 7: fo s. 
munificence, munificentiam e., Suet. Tib. 
48, init. 4, may sometimes be expr. 
by est with gen.: it does not s. gravity 
and wisdom, etc., non est gravitatis atque 
sapientiae, etc., Cic. Fam. 5, 16. If. 
To bestow, confer, manifest : in such a 
sentence, as, to show respect : 1, tri- 
buo, ui, itum, 3: to s. mercy toa very 
brare man, misericordiam fortissimo 
viro t., id. Mil. 34, 92: to s. (i.e. to 
confer) honour, honorem t., id. de Or. 2, 
11, 44: to s. good will equal to like 
favours, parem voluntatem paribus 
beneficiis t., Caes. B. C. 1, 35. 2, ex- 
hibeo, ni, itum, 2: to s. respect, e. reve- 
rentiam, Ulp. 3. navo, 1 (by exerting 
oneself): how I wished that you could 
have shown your zeal for Brutus, quam 
vellem Bruto studium tuum n. po- 
tuisses, Cic. Att. 15, 4, fin.: to s. 
good will, n. benevolentiam, id. Fam. 
3,1 10. 4, probo, 1 (v. rare in this 
sense): to s. valour, p. virtutem, Caes, 
BGs, (44. IV. 7 prove: b I 
probo, 1 (te make good, substantiate): he 
plainly sd me that he was a man of 
right sentiments, is plane mihi probabat 
se bene sentire, Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: v. 
TOPROVE(IL). 2, monstro, 1 (to state, 
show, either with or without argument) : 


epic porm can be written, res gestae 
quo scribi possent numero, monstravit 
Homerus, Hor. A. P. 73: Frasistratus 
8.8 that little pebbles are forced, ete., 
Erasistratus calculos pelli m., etc., Plin. 
22, 22,44. Comp.: démonstro, 1 (much 
commoner than the simple v.): Sopater 
$8 the avarice and threats of that 
scoundrel, Sopater istius cupiditatem 
minasque d., Cic. Verr. 4, 39, jfin.: v. 
TO POINT OUT. 3. doceo, 2 (to show or 
inform in any way): to s. that there 
is one hope of safety, unam esse spem 
salutis d., Caes. B. G. 3, 5: to s. that 
there is no art in wit, nullam esse artem 
salis d., Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 216: if Ls. 
(that it was not done) by Avitus, I 
prove conclusively that it was by Op- 
pianicus, si doceo non ab Avito, vinco 
ab Oppianico, id. Cluent. 23, 64. 4. 
efficio, féci, fectum, 3 (to make out by 
argument): Vv. TO Prove (IL.). 5. 
vinco, vici, victum, 3 (stronger than any 
of the preceding; to prove beyond ail 
possibility of doubt): s. then that Op- 
pianicus was a good man, vince deinde 
bonum virum fuisse Oppianicum, id. 
Cluent. 44, 124: v. TO PROVE (II.). 
6. firmo, 1 (to show so clearly as to 
convince another): to s. one’s fidelity, 
fidem f, Ter. Andr. 3, 1, 4. Comp.: 
confirmo, 1 (to make out surely and 
certainly): v.TOPROVE(IL.). Miscell 
Phr.: “ Let us s. ourselves glad in Him 
with Psalms,” in psalmis jubilemus ei, 
Liturg. Angl. Ps. xcv. 2: “ the heavens 
declare the glory of God, and the firma- 
ment showeth His handy-work,” caeli 
enarrant gloriam Dei, et opera Manuum 
ejus annunciat firmamentum, ib. Ps. 
xix. I: to s. one’s tongue, linguam ex- 
serere (in token of derision or con- 
tempt), Liv. 7, to: in medical sense, perh. 
*linguam exhibere: to s. one’s teeth (in 
anger), dentes nudare, Lucr. §, 1063: (in 
laughter), dentibus deridere aliquem, 
Pl. Epid. 3, 3, 48: I will s. him what 
sort of fellow I am, sentiet qui vir 

siem, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 21. 
show forth: 1. déclaro, 1 (to make 
manifest): it best s.s forth the natural 
disposition of each, cujusque ingenium 
ut sit declarat maxime, Ter. Heaut. 2, 
3, 43: Cic.: v. TO DECLARF, REVEAL. 
2. indico, 1: the countenance s.s 


Sorth the character, vultus indicat mores, 


Cic. Leg. 1, 9: Nep. 
ostento: v. TO SHOW. 
— off (r.): 1. ostendo, di, sum 
and tum, 3: but while he is anxious to 
Ss. off his voice, at ille dum vult vocem 
o., Phaedr. 1, 12, 9: he s.s off his broad 
shoulders, ostendit humeros latos, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 376. Frequent.: ostento, 1: 
why should I s. myself off 2? quid me 
ostentem? Cic. Fam. 1, 4, fin.: to s. 
themselves off in other things, se in aliis 
rebus 0., id. Coel. 28, 67. 2. perh. 
vendito, 1 (tocry up, make the most of ): 
Cic.: Liv. (v. Lat. Dict. s. v.). 
show (subs.): |, Superficial ap- 
pearance : 1. spécies, Gi: under tle 
s. of bearing help to the Byzantines, per 
speciem auxilii Byzantiis ferendi, Liv. 
39, 35: some s. of virtue, quaedam s. 
virtutis, Cic. Coel. 6,14: a few tents being 
left for s., paucis ad speciem taberna- 
culis relictis, Caes. B.C. 2, 35. 9. os- 
tentatio: in realrty, not in mere outward 
s., veritate non ostentatione, Cic. Agr. 1, 
7: Sen. 8, similatio: v. PRETENCE. 
Il. A spectacle or sight: 1, spec- 
tactlum: a gladiatorial s., s. gladia- 
torium, Liv. 39, 42: @ s. of wrestlers, s. 
atbletarum, Suet. Aug. 44: a@ most 
splendid s., s. apparatissimum, Cic. Phil. 
Tera 30. 2. lidi, orum (public 
games): V. GAMFS. 3. minus, éris, n. 
(as provided gratuitously by the magi- 
strates): to give a splendid s., magni- 
ficum m. dare, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 83; praebere, 
id. Sull. 19; edere (to exhibit), Suet. Tit. 
4. II]. Display or parade: 1, os- 
tentatio, ambilio: v. OSTENTATION. Q, 
Spécies: to caplivate men by s., homines 
specie capere, Cic. Brut. 62, 244: to make 
@ s., praebere s., Liv. 34, 52. 


3. ostendo, 


1; triido, si, sum, 3:| Homer has shown in what metrée-on J apparatus : 


} 


| 


SHREWD 





—— 
Vv. POMP, PARADE. Phr: 
dumb 3. on the stage, etc., gestus (¥, 
GESTICULATION ): 8. of hands (a raising 
of hands to vote in a public meeting), 
perh. *manuum sublatio suffrayii causa, 

shower (subs.): |. Afa/l of rain 
or hail: 1, imber, bris, m. {heavy, 
stormy rain): I came to Capua in the 
midst of a very heavy s., maximo im- 
bri Capuam veni, Cic. Att. 7, 20° as. of 
stones or blood, lapideus aut sanguineus 
i., id. Div. 2, 28, 60. 2. plivia: y 
RAIN. Phr-.: there was a s. of stones, 
lapidibus pluit, Liv. 35, 9: as a pro- 
tection against the s. (of ashes, ¢tc.), 
Munimenta adversns decidentia, Plin. 


6, 16, 16, Il. Fig.: of missiles, 
etc., hurled in great numbers, etc. 
1, imber (rare in this sense) : 


the iron s. fell thick, ferreus ingruit i, 
Virg. Aen. 12,284. 2, nimbus (poet.): 
@ 8. of javelins, n. pilorum, Sil. 5, 215: 
as. of darts, telorum n., Lucan 4, 776: 
@ s. of stwmes and rocks, n. lapidum 
saxorumque, Flor. 3, 8- @ s. of flowers, 
purpurens n., Claud. Nupt. Honor. et 
Mar. 298. 3, in prose expr. by vis, 
multitudo: s.s of tears, vis lacrimurum, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 14: such a s. of missiles, 
*tanta multitudo (vis) teloram: v. MUL- 
TITUDE. Phr.: @ perfect s. of missiles, 
* tela densissima: cf. Virg. Aen. 9, 555. 

shower (v.): j. I'rans.: To be- 
stow liberally ; to scatter in abundance : 

1, fundo, fadi, fisum, 3 (of darts 

or arrows): to s. numbers of darts on 
every side after the manner of snow, un- 
dique tela f. crebra nivis ritu, Virg. Aen. 
It, 611. Comp.: (1) siiperfundo, 3 (to 
8. down upon): tos. down a great num- 
ber of darts, magnam vim telorum s., 
Tac, Agr. 36, init. (2) infundo, 3: to 
s. a cloud of arrows upon tle ships, i. 
vim sagittarum ratibus, Curt.9,7. 2, 
ingéro, gessi, gestum, 3 (to heap upon): 
to s. down blows, verbera i., Curt. 6, 11: 
to s. down arrows and javelins, sagittas 
etjacula i., Liv. 36,18. |], Intrans.: 
To vain in s.$; expr. by pluit: v. To 
RAIN, See also subs. 

—— -bath: * lavatio pliivialis, qnae 
appellatur. 

showery (a4j.): pliivius, pliividsus, 
plivialis: v. RAINY. 

showily: 1, magnificé, splendidé; 
V. SPLENDIDLY. Q. ambitidsé (with 
ostentation) : Vv, OSTENTATIOUSLY, 3. 
expr. by circuml.: cum magna ostenta- 
tione ; non sine ambitione, ete. 

showing (subs.): esp. in such a phr. 
as by your own s., perh. te judice (im- 
plying a decision), Hor. Od. 1, 28, 14: 
or, te auctore (implying authority /or 
a statement), cf. Cues. B. C. 2, 18, haec 
se ...certis auctoribus comperisse. 

showiness: pompa: magnificentia: 
ambitio: apparatus: ostentatio: spécies: 
v. SHOW (III.), oSTENTATION. 

showy (adj.): ], ambitiisus: s. 
halls, atria a., Mart. 12, 68,2: v. PRE- 
TENTIOUS, OSTENTATIOUS. 2, sp&cidsus 
(oft. in good sense): a s. woman, fem- 
ina s., Quint. 5, 10,47: by far the most 
Ss. style of oratory, longe speciosissimum 
genus orationis, id. 8, 6, 49. 8, expr. 
by cireuml. with species: to exercise a 
$s. liberality, speciem quandam pompam- 
que liberalitatis praebere : V. DISPLAY 

shred (v.): to cut into narrow and 
long pieces: expr. by scindere minuta- 
tim (to cut up small): v. TO CUT IN 
PIECES. 

shred (subs.): perb. pannus, dimin, 
panniilus: v. RAG. 

shrew (subs.): expr. by adj.: mu- 
lier jurgiosa, Gell. 1, 17, 1 (where it is 
used of Xanthippe): (mulier) impor- 
tuna atque incommoda, Pl. As. 1, 1, 48: 
mulier rixosa, rixarum cupida : v. QUAR- 
RELSOME, DISAGREEABLE. Also (still 
stronger) uxor saeva, Ter. Ph. 5, r, 17. 

—— -mouse: 1, mis 4ranens: 
Plin. 8, 58, 83. 2. expr. by sirex, 
Yeis, m. (generic name for any kind of 
mouse) : * sorex araneus, Linn. 

shrewd (adj.): 1, &ciitus (acute 
penetrating, clever): V. ACUTE, KEEN. 


3, | Comp. péraciitus (very quick): he was 


741 


SHREWDLY 


SHRINK 


SHRUG 


eB ESOS oe 2 Sa el 


very s. at devising schemes, etc., p. erat 
ad excogitandum, Cic. Br. 39, 145- Od 
Siigax, Acis (Keen-scented: only in good 
sense): this animal (man) ts full of 
foresight, S., full of schemes, etc. (homo) 
animal hoc providum, s., multiplex, etc., 
id. Leg. 1, J, 22 af one time circum- 
spect and s., modo circumspectus et &., 
Suet. Claud. 15: @ man most s. in con- 
gectures, vir in conjecturis sagacissimus, 
Just. I, 9. 3, subtilis, e- V. KEEN 
SUBTLE, 4, perspicax: V SHARP- 
SIGHTED. 5. callidus (adroit, cun- 
ning): s. for his own profit, ad suum 
quaestum c., Pl. As. 1, 3,34: @ S- dis- 
covery, c. inventum, Nep. Eum. 5: @ S. 
plan, ccnsilium c., Ter. Andr. 3, 4, 10. 
6. scitus (knowing, clever): & S. 

and prudent woman, mulier s. atque 
prudens, Gell. 13, 4, fin. ; @ very excellent 
and s. speech, oratic optima et scitissima, 
Pl. Stich. 1, 3, 30. 7. astiitus: v. 
CUNNING: EXPERT. 8, pridens (in- 
telligent, sensible): a@ man naturally 
very acute and s., vir natura peracutus 
et p., Cic. Or. 5, 18° who could be more 
3. and a better lawyer than P. Octa- 
vius? quis P. Octavio prudentior, jure 
peritior? id. Clu. 38, 107. Phr: Ss. re- 
plies, acute responsa, Cic. Am. 2, 6 
(rather than acuta responsa), cf. L. G. 
§ 642, Obs. 1. 

shrewdly: 1. callidé: to speak 
s. and clearly, c. et argute dicere, Cic. 
Or. 28, 98 : he guessed very S. what would 
happen in the future, de futuris callidis- 
sime conjiciebat, Nep. Them. 1, jin. i 
sigaciter: to investigate S., 8. pervesti- 
gare, Cic. de Or. 1, 51, fin.: v. ACUTELY, 
SAGACIOUSLY. 3, acute: strengthened, 
peracité : v. KEENLY. 4, astiité: v. 
CUNNINGLY. See also SHREWD (adj.). 

shrewdness : 1, calliditas (both 
in good and bad sense): more fully, c. 
ingenii, Nep. Eum. 1 (in good sense): @ 
man of extraordinary s., acerrimae C, 
vir, Flor. 2,17: Ov. v. CUNNING. A 
sollertia (ingenuity, ready talent, and 
cleverness): more precisely, 8. ingenil, 
Sall, Jug. 7, extr.: v. INGENUITY, CLE- 
VERNESS. 3, sagacitas (sharpness in 
tracing out things): Cic.: Vv. SAGACITY, 
SHARP-SCENTEDNESS. 4, expr. by adjj. 
or advv.: with very great s., acutissime, 
callidissime ; possessed of great s. (homo) 
acutissimus, callidissimus, etc.: V- 
SHREWD, SHREWDLY. 

shrewish: (mulier) importuna, jur- 
gidsa, incommoda, TixOsa; V. QUARREL- 
SOME, DISAGREEABLE: alsO SHREW. 

shriek (subs.): 1, wlulatus, us 
(most exact equiv.) : the s.s of women, 
and the wailing of infants, u. femi- 
narum, infantium quiritatus, Plin. Ep. 
6, 20, fin. owing to the s.8, no words of 
those who were screaming for help could 
be heard, prae ululatibus nulla vox qui- 
ritantium exaudiri poterat, Liv. 39, 8, 
extr. Used of the s.s or yells which the 
Gauls uttered when fighting: to raise a 
s., u. tollere, Caes. B. G. 5, 37: of the 
wild cries of the Bacchanals: cf. Cat. 
63, 24: Ov. M. 3, 528. 9, less de- 
finitely, clamor (a cry or exclamation of 
any kind): Vv. CRY, SHOUT. 3. éju- 
latus, tis: ejulatio, Onis, f. (a wailing 
cry): Vv. WAILING. Phr.: from top to 
bottom the house re-echoes with the s.s 
of women, penitusque plangoribus aedes 
femineis ululant, Virg. Aen. 2, 488. 

shriek (’-.) : 1, wlilo, 1 (the most 
exact equiv.)* the nymphs s.’d from the 
topmost summit, summoque ulularunt 
vertice nymphae, Virg. Aen. 4, 168: to 
sing with s.ing voice, ululanti voce can- 
ere, Cic. Or. 8, 27. 9, less definitely, 
clamorem edere (to utter an exclama- 
tion of any Icind) : Vv. TO SHOUT, CRY. 

shrift (subs.): ¥. CONFESSION, A BSOLU- 
TION. 

shrike (subs.) : i.e. the butcher-bird : 
* |Anius (Literally, a butcher) : Linn. 

shrill (adj.): 1. Scitus: the 
trumpet pours forth s. notes, lituus soni- 
tus effundit a., Enn. Ann. 8, 42; @ very 
s. note, sonus acutissimus, Cic. de Or. 1, 
59, 251. Comp.: périctitus (very Ss. 
and penetrating): a very S. voice, VOX 

742 





p.. Cic. Br. 68, 241. 9. acer, cris, cre: 
he cries with a s. voice, voce increpat 
acri, Lucr. 3, 966: @ s. pipe, a. tibia, 
Hor. Od. 1,12, 1. Comp. : péracer, cris, 
cre (very penetrating). 3, altus (high 
pitched) : shout out again in a s.er voice, 
conclamate iterum altiore voce, Cat. 42, 
18. @ very Ss. sound, altissimus sonus, 
Quint. I1, 3, 23. 4, perh. stridulus 
(creaking, calculated to jar on the ear): 
as.and thin voice, 8. et tenuis vox, Sen. 
Ep. 56. 5, argutus (used esp. of 
things which make @ sharp, piercing 
noise, as @ saw): Virg. G. 1, 143° the 
s, twittering swallow, hirundo a., Virg. 
G. I, 317- 3 
shrillness (subs.): expr. by adj.: 
V. SHRILL. 
shrilly (adv.): acute, Gcriter: Vv. 
SHRILL. 
shrimp |, Prop.: *Cancer pa- 
gurus, Linn. II. 4 little wrinkled 
dwarf: pamilus: pumilio: homilus: 
homunciilus: v. DWAKF, PIGMY. Phr.: 
you Z of a boy, frustum pueri, Pl. Pers. 
55 2, Ts 
shrine (subs.): 1, deélubrum (the 
place for the image of a god): for the 
temples and s.s of the gods, pro deorum 
templis atque d., Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94: 
before the s.s of the gods, ante deum d., 
Lucr. 2, 352: less freq. in sing.: at night 
a voice was heard from the s, noctu 
audita ex d. vox est, Liv. 29, 18: Virg. 
Q, sacrarium (general term for the 
place in which the holy things are kept): 
the s. is the place where the sacred things 
are placed, s. est locus in quo sacra re- 
ponuntur, Ulp. Dig. 1, 8,9: before the 
very s. of the good goddess, ante ipsum 
s. Bonae Deae, Cic. Mil. 31, fin. the s.s 
of Dis, sacraria Ditis, Virg. Aen. 12, 
199. 3, sicellum (a small chapel 
containing an image: locus parvus deo 
sacratus, Trebatius in Gell. 6, 12): V. 
SANCTUARY, CHAPEL. 4, in wider 
meaning, fanum, templum: v. TEMPLE. 
shrink (.) : A. Trans.: To 
cause to contract : 1, contraho, xi, 
ctum, 3: to s.cloth, pannum ¢. : V. TO CON~ 
TRACT. 9, expr. by phr. in angustum 
cogere, adducere, deducere (to bring or 
confine into a narrow space) : that dread 
voice which shrunk thy streams, etc. 
(Milton), * vox illa quae tibi in angus- 
tum flumina coegit, etc.: the battle of 
Cannae shrunk the power of Rome very 
greatly, *pugna illa Cannensis Romanas 
opes admodum in angustum adduxit. 
B. Intrans.- |. To contract 
spontaneously: expr. by pass. refl. or 
act. with pron. refl. of contraho, in an- 
gustum cogo, astringo: v. TO CONTRACT, 
TIGHTEN. Phr.: the eyes s., oculi min- 
ores fiunt, Cels. |, Zo recoil, as from 
danger: to withdraw : 1, rétugio, 
fugi, 3 (both lit. and fig.): when the sun 
has shrunk (from sight) in the middle 
of its globe, sol ubi medio refugerit orbe, 
Virg. G. I, 442: vines are said to s. 
from cabbage stalks and cabbages, vites 
‘a caulibus brassicisque r. dicuntur, Cic. 
N. 1). 2, 47, 120. Fig.: to s. from bold 
designs, a consiliis fortibus r., id. Sest. 
23,51: tos. from those things which are 
harmful, ab iis quae laedunt r., Quint. 
4, I, 44: also absol., Virg. Aen. 2, 12. 
9, réformido, 1 (fo dread: with 
ace.): to s. from war, bellum T., Cic. 
Phil. 7, 6, fin.: to s. from crime, crimen 
r, id. Coel. 6, fin.. he s.s from saying 
these things, ea dicere reformidat, id. 
Phil. 14, 3, fin. 3, abhorreo, ui, 2 (to 
recoil in disgust from): the multitude 
s.s back from this, retro vulgus abhorret 
ab hac (ratione), Lucr. 1, 944 : to s. from 
the baseness, audacity, and meanness of 
these men, ab horum turpitudine, au- 
dacia, sordibus ab., Cic. Sest. 52, 112. 
4, vito, dévito, 1: Vv. TO AVOID, 
SHUN. 5, résilio, ui, 4- their necks s. 
from the yoke, cervices ab jugo r., Flor 4, 
12,2. Fig.: you see that the charge s.s 
(recoils) from my client, ab hoc crimen 
r. vides, Cic. R. Am. 29, 79. 6, de- 
trecto, 1. to s. from military service, 
militiam d., Caes. B. G. 7, 14: to s. from 
fighting (decline battle), pugnam d., Liv. 
























3, 60: tos. from the battle, proelium d, 


Just. 13, 52 certamen d., Tac. H. 4, 67: 


to s. from the yokes, juga d., Virg. G. 3, 
7. 7, déclino, 1 (to turn aside from : 
with acc.): Cic.: ¥, TO SHUN. Phr.: 


he exhorted them not to s. from openly 


declaring, etc. hortabatur, ut sine ree 
tractione libere dicere auderent, id. Tusc. 
5, 29, 83 (R. and A.). 

shrinking (subs.): contractio: con- 
tractus, us: dimin. contractiunciila: v. 
CONTRACTION. 


shrinkingly: perh. timidé; v. 
TIMIDLY. Or expr. by circuml., he 


touched on the subject s., * trepidantis 
(refugientis) modo rem attigit: quasi 
animo ab ea refugeret. 

shrivel; |, Trans: 1, core 
rago, 1: chiefly used as pass. refl.: Vv. 
infr. (IL). 9. expr. by circuml.,, 
ragosum (aliquid) facere: this plan s.s 
up the grapes, haec ratio r. facit acina, 
Col. 12, 43: V. SHRIVELLED. 3, tor- 
réfacio, 3 (to scorch and dry up): Col.: 
Ve TO SCORCH. I]. [ntrans.: a 
corrigor, 1 (pass. refl.): when the grapes 
have sd enough, ubi satis corrugata 
erunt acina, Col. 12, 39. 2, torresco, 3 
(strictly, with heat): Luer. 3, expr. 
by circuml., rugosum, retorridum fieri: 
V.SHRIVELLED. Phr,: to prevent apples 
being s.’d, ne poma rugarum deformet 
attractio, Pall. 5, 4. 

shrivelled (adj.): 1, riigosus: 
s. eunuchs, spadones r., Hor. Epod. 9, 
14: s. grapes, acina r., Col. 12, 44: Pall. 

9, sometimes aridus (dry, parched) 

may be used: s. legs, arida crura, Ov. 
A. A. 3,272. 8, rétorridus (of fruits, 
vegetables, elc.): s. up fruits (perh. 
dried fruits), fructus retorridi, Plin. 17, 
22, 35: Phaedr. 

shroud (subs.)° |. For the dead : 
linteum quo involvebantur corpora 
mortuorum (Wahl, Clavis): in later 
Latin, sindon, Onis, f. Gr. cwduv): cf. 
Wahl, s. v. Or perh. * tunica funebris, 
amiculum funebre. ||. In pl., certain 
ropes in ships : ridentes, um (gen. term): 
V. RIGGING, CORDAGE. 

shroud (v.): To cover, overwhelm, 
as to s. in obscurity « 1, involvo, 
vi, utum, 3 (to wrap up in): to be s.’d 
in smoke, involvi fumo, Ov. H. 2, 232: 
sing truth in obscurity, obscuris vera 
involvens, Virg. Aen. 6,99: V. TO WRAP 
UP. 2. occiipo, 1 (cover): to s. the 
heavens with a black cloud, atra nube 
polum 0., Hor. Od. 3, 29, 44- 3. expr. 
by obdiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to draw over as 
a curtain) : by its intervention the earth 
is s2d in gloom, hac subeunte [terrae! 
tenebras obduci, Plin. 2, 10, 7: ef. Virg. G. 
I, 248 (al. obtenta nocte) : V. TO COVER. 

Shrove-Tuesday: expr. by *pridie 


Quadragesimae. 
shrub (subs): |, 4 low dwarf 
tree: 1, friitex, icis, m.: from a 


shoot either a tree springs up, as the 
olive, jig, pear: or @ S., AS 710SES, reeds, 
etc., ex surculo vel arbor procedit, ut, 
olea, ficus, pirus: vel f., ut rosae, arun- 
dines, Col. Arb. 1, init.: Phaedr. 24. 
arbuscula (dimin. of arbor: any small 
tree): Warr.: Col. I]. A. kind of 
liquor: *potus genus quod Anglice 
shrub appellatur. 
shrubbery : 1, friiticétum: esp. 
in pl.: among s.s (brushwood), and 
brambles, inter f. et vepres, Suet. Ner. 
48, med. Also contr. frutectum : Plin. 
9. expr. by friitex, icis, m. (sing. 
used collectively): Phaedr. 1, II, 4. 
3, arbustum: v. PLANTATION. (The 
last is perh. the best word to denote @ 
garden s., fruticetum denoting rather 
wild brushwood.) 
shrubby: 1. friiticsus (of the 
nature of shrubs: bushy): s. twigs, 
vimina f., Ov. M. 6, 344: Ss. branches, 
rami f., Plin. 20, 13, 51. 9. fritec- 
tosus (abounding in brushwood) : woody 
and s. ground, nemorosus frutectosus- 
que tractus, Col. 2, 2, II. 
shrug (v.): i.e. fo draw up the 
shoulders: perh. humeros allevare at- 
que contrahere: cf. Quint. 11, 3, 83. 
(More precisely *humeros suspicantis 


ee 








SHRUG 





gestu movere - quemadmodum fi facere 
solent quibus mali quid subolet.) 
shrug (subs.): as. of the shoulders: 
perb. humerorum allevatio [atque con- 
tractio], cf. Quint. 11, 3, 83 or simply, 
humerorum motus. 
shrunken (2dj.): viétus: s. limbs, 
membra v., Hor. Epod. 12, 7: a 8. heart, 
cor v., Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37 : V. WITHERED, 
WRINKLED. 
shuck (svbs.): v. HUSK. 
shudder (v.): horreo, 2: I s. and 
tremble all over, tovus h. et tremo, cf. 
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: esp. in phr. to s. at: 
they s.’d at the cruelty of Ariovistus, 
crudelitatem Ariovisti borrebant, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 32: to s. at the very name of 
the accuser, ipsum nomen accusatoris h., 
Quint. 12, 7,1. Comps.: (1.) exhorreo, 2 
(rare and late): Col. (2.) pérhorreo, 2 
— rare and late): Jul. Val. IJncept. 
rresco, horrui, 3: they begin to s. with 
Sear of death, terrore mortis h., Cic. Fin. 
5,11, 31: hes.s at the sight, h. visu, Virg. 
Aen. 6, y10. Comps.: (1.) exhorresco, 
3 (te s. exceedingly): to s. exceedingly 
with fear, metu exh., Cic. Fin. 1,13, 43: 
Virg. (2.) pérhorresco, 3 (to s. greatly) : 
Ts. all over my body, toto corpore perh., 
Cic. Div. Verr. 13, 41: I s.at the distress 
of the vestal virgins, vexationem vir- 
inum vestalium p., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12. 
hr.: how TI s.’d, qui me horror per- 
fudit, id Att. 8, 6, 1. 
shudder (subs.): 1, horror, Gris, 
m.: that gives me a shudder, ea res me 
horrore afficit, Pl. Am. 5, 1,16: a colds. 
shakes my limbs, mihi frigidus h. mem- 
bra quatit, Virg. Aen. 3, 29: see also 
SHIVER, SHIVERING. Q, trémor: with 
what as. and paleness he spoke, quo tr. 
et pallore dixit, Cic. Flacc. 4, 10: @ cold 
s. ran through our bones, gelidus per... 
cucurrit ossa tr., Virg. Aen. 2, 121: Ov. 
shuddering (suvbs.): horror: tré- 
mor: Vv. SHUDDER. 
shudderingly: *quasi horrescens: 
horrescentis ritu. 
shuffle (v.): A. Trans.: to 
mix up one with another, as to shuffle 
cards: misceo, 2: to s. the lots (tickets) 
and draw, sortes m. et ducere, Cic. Div. 
2, 41, 86. So permisceo, 2: v. TO MIX. 
B. Intrans.: |. To prevari- 
cate: to practise shifts in order to avoid 
detection : 1, tergiversor, 1: why do 
you dissimulate ? why do you s.? quid 
dissimulas? quid tergiversaris? Cic. Pl. 
19, 48: there is no room for sing, non 
est locus ad tergiversandum, id. Att. 7, 
1,2: Liv. Q, tricor, 1 (to play tricks) : 
Publilius is s.ing with you, Publilius 
tecum t., Cic. Att. 14, 19, fin.: cf. ib. 
15, 13, B. (Vectenum accusat: tricatur 
scilicet, ut homo talis). Phr.: how 
you have s.’d, quae deverticula flexiones- 
que quaesisti, id. Pis. 22, 53. ||. Zo 
walk with an irregular gait, as to s. 
along: perh. * pedes dissoluto quodam 
motu in ambulando movere. 
shuffler: tergiversator: Gell. 1, 7, 
jim. (for which Lucil. used bovinator ; 
{homo]tricosus). Or use imper/. part. 
of tergiversor (only not in nom. sing.) : 
L. G. § 638. Sometimes dissimiilator 
(one who hides the truth), or vétérator 
(a sly old rogue), may be precise enough : 
V. DISSEMBLER, TRICKSTER. (N.B.—Not 
praevaricator, which denotes a collusive 
accuser.) 
shuffling (subs.) : tergiversitio: Cic. 
Mil. 20, 54. Or expr. by verb: there 
is no room for s., *tergiversando (ter- 
giversantibus] nullus est locus: v. To 
SHUFFLE. 
shuffling (adp., : |. Given to pre- 
varication: use tergiversator: cf. L. G. 
§ 598. Also the intensive participial 
form tergiversabundus may perh. some- 
times serve: cf. L. G. § 110, Obs. 4. 
I]. Of gait: to walk with a s. gait, 
*incessu parum firmo, utpote pedibus 
dissolute per humum tractis, uti. 
shun (v.): 1, figio, fugi, fugitum, 
3: they who are wise shun a mad poet, 
vesanum fugiunt poetam qui sapiunt, 
Hor. A. P. 455: et pass. Rarely foll. by 
object-infin.: s. inquiry, fuge quaerere, 











9 5 Os Sin 000 ig 


SICK 


- 





id. Od. 1, 9, 13. Comp.: défiigio, 3 
(strengthened from preced.): to s. any- 
one’s society and conversation, aditum 
alicujus sermonemque d., Caes. B. G. 6, 
13: to s. a battle, proelium d., id. B. C. 
I, 82. also absol. Frequent. figito, 1: 
to make many efforts to s. death, necem 
f., Phaedr. 1,2,26. Q, vito, 1; and comp. 
dévito, 1: v. TO AVOID. 3. déclino, 1 
with acc.): to s. the city, urbem d., Cic. 
lance. 41, 97: to s. things which are 
likely to prove hurtful, ea quae nocitura 
videantur d., id. Off. 1, 4, 11: opp. ap- 
petere, id. N. D. 3, 13, 33. 4, aver- 
sor, I (to turn away in disgust from): 
to s. effeminate arts, effeminatas artes 
a. Plin. Pan. 46, med.: to s. honour, 
honorem a., Ov. F. 1, 5: to s. conversa- 
tion, sermonem a., Tac. A. 6, 26: to s. 
flattery, adulationes a., Suet. Tib. 27. 
shunning (subs.) : 1, fiiga: s. of 
disgrace, turpitudinis f. (opp. appetentia 
honestatis), Cic. Rep. 1, 2: Hor.: Virg. 
2. vitatio (gen. term): s. of pain, 
doloris v., Cic. Fin. 5, 7,20: s. of danger, 
periculi v., Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3. 3. dé- 
clinatio: opp. appetitio, Cic. N. D. 3, 13, 
33. 4. expr. by verb: v. TO SHUN. 

shut (v.): 1, claudo, si, sum, 3: 
to s. (in) the pupils, lest anything should 
get into the eye, ad claudendas pupulas, 
ne quid incideret, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142: 
to s. the door of the bedchamber, forem 
cubiculi c., id. ‘Tuse. 5, 20, 59: to s. the 
eyes (of a dying person), ocellos (oculos) 
c., Prop. 2, 13, 17: Lucan 5,28. Fig.: 
to s. the ears (i.e. to instruction), aures 
c., Cic. Tuse. 4, 1, 2. Comp.: occlido, 
si, sum, 3 (to s. or close up): V. TO SHUT 
UP. 2. Spério, ui, ertum, 4 (opp. to 
aperio: to s. by a covering, as a@ pot by 
putting the lid on): to s. the door, fores 
o., Pl. Men. 2, 3, 1: so, ostium o., Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 1, 33: to s. the eyes (i. e. be- 
fore going to sleep, opp. to oculos pate- 
facere): oculos 0., Plin. 11, 37, 55- Cy 
comprimo, pressi, pressum, 3 (to bring 
close together: only used of the hands 
and eyes): to s. the hands so as to make 
a fist, manus in pugnum c., Quint. 2, 20, 
7: to s. the eyes (an act of the will), 
oculos ¢., id. 11, 3, 76. 4. obdo, didi, 
ditum, 3 (by barring or bolting): to s. 
the door, forem o., Pl. Casin. §, 2,15: the 
doors having been s. behind, obditis a 
tergo foribus, Tac. A. 13, 5. 5, ob- 
tiro, 1 (to stop up, as with a stopple 
or alid): Pl.: Vitr. Phr.: tos. one’s 
eyes to anything, in aliqua re connivere, 
Cic. Phil. 1, 7, fin.: v. TO WINK. 

— in $(w.) 4 1, incluido, si, 

— into ‘7° sum, 3 (with in 
and abl. or acc., rarely with simple abl., 
ace., or dat.): to s. in armed men in 
the s. of Concord, armatos in cella 
Concordiae i., Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: to s. 
any one up in prison, aliquem in car- 
cerem i., Liv. 38, 59, fin.: s. in with 
walls, parietibus inclusi, Cic. Rep. 3, 9, 
init.: part s. themselves in, pars sese 
incluserunt, Liv. 36, 16. 2. some- 
times expr. by sépio, psi, ptum, 4: cir- 
cumvénio, véni, ventum, 4: Vv. TO SUR- 
ROUND. 8, also ccerceo, cui, citum, 2 
(to keep within limits, confine): a river 
s. in by no banks, amnis nullis coercitus 
ripis, Liv. 21, 31: the enemy is s. in 
between the walls, intra muros coercetur 
hostis, id. 5, 5. 

— out (.): 1. excliido, si, sum, 
3: tos. any out of doors, aliquem foras 
e., Pl. Mil. 4, 1, 30: they s. them out of 
their city, eos moenibus excluserunt, Cic. 
Bal. 17, 39: the laurel thick with boughs 
will s. out the piercing rays (of the 
sun), spissa ramis laurea excludet ictus, 
Hor. Od. 2,15, 10. Fig.: to be s. out 
from ail learning, ab omni doctrina 
excludi, Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 46: V. TO EX- 
CLUDE, 9, eximo, 3 (in fig. sense): 
Vv. TO EXCLUDE (5). 3, arceo, prod- 
hibeo, 2: v. TO KEEP OFF, DEBAR, 

— up orin: 
up one’s house, domum c., Tac, H. 1, 
33: to s. up school, ludum c., Suet. 


Comp.: (1.) concliido, si, sum, 3 (to s. | abeo intro, 
up together or closely): I have my wl- 1, 








habeo nxorem saevam, Ter. Ph. §, 1, 19: 





| hes. up... the soul in the body, enimun 


conclusit in corpore, Cic, Tim. 3, fin. (2.) 
incliido, si, sum, 3 (to s. up in): to s. 
up any one in prison, aliquem in car- 
cerem i., Liv. 38, 59, jin.: Ov. Ib. 521° 
whilst we are s. up in these fastenings 
of the body, dum sumus inclusi in his 
compagibus corporis, Cic. de Sen. 21, 77 
, coerceo, 2: V, TO SHUT { fin.). 
Phr.: colloqg., s. up (i. e. hold your 
tongue), tacé- Vv. SILENT, TO BE. 
shutters: ], fdricilae, arum 
(for closing unglazed windows): Varr. 
R. R. 1, 59. (Quich gives portila in 
this sense). 92. valvae, arum: Vitr. 
6, 3, 10 (Schneider). So, windows fur- 
nished with s.s, fenestrarum lumina val- 
vata: ib. 

shuttle: radius: the woof is wrought 
in with sharp-pointed s.s. inserivur.., 
radiis subtemen acutis, Ov. M. 6,56: ef. 
Virg. Aen. 9, 476 (excussi manibus 
radii). 

— cock: Kr. gives * pila pennata, 
but without authority: to play at battle- 
dore and s., perh. pila pennata ludere: 
p. pennatam reticulis inter se excipere 
(of more than one player). Fig.: as, 
the s. of Fortune: perh. lidibrium: cf. 
Virg. Aen. 6, 75 (rapidis ludibria ven- 
tis): also, Hor. Od. 1, 14, 15. 

shy (adj.): |. Fearful of near 
approach : 1. timidus: there is no- 
thing more s. than a dove, nihil timidius 
est columba, Varr. R. R. 3, 2: V. FEAR- 
FUL, TIMID. 2. pavidus: v. PRIGHT- 
ENED, TERRIFIED. 8, formidélosus, 
Jnaudax: see also TIMOROUS, TIMID, 
FRIGHTENED. Phr.: @s. horse, perh. 
* equus timidus, qui facile consternatur: 
v. foll. art. I]. Coy, bashful, avoid- 
ing familiar intercourse: 1, piidi- 
bundus: a s. man, vir p., Just. 38, 8: 
@ s. peacocl:, pavo p., Plin. 10, 20, 22. 

9. vérécundus: v. MODEST. 

shy (v.): 1, expr. by consterno, 1 
(to frighten, cause to s.): the horses &., 
and snatch their necks from the yoke, 
equi consternantur et colla jugo eri- 
piunt, Ov. M. 2, 314: this made the 
horses s., haec [procella] equos con- 
sternavit, Liv. 37, 41, jin. Q. expr. 
by saltum in contraria [in obliquum} 
facere (to make a leap in the opposite 
{or side] direction): cf. Ov. M. 2, 314. 


shyly : timidé: vérécundé: v. 
TIMIDLY, BASHFULLY. 
shyness: 1. vérécundia: a timid 


man, with s. like a girl’s, homo timidus, 
virginali v., Cic. Quint. If, 39. 2 
pudor: v. MODESTY. 

sib (adj.): i.e. related by blood : con- 
sanguineus, genere propinquus: V. RE- 
LATED. 

sibilant (a4j.): sibilus: sibilans: 
V. HISSING (adj.). 

sibilation (svbs.): sIbilus: v. HIs- 
SING (subs.). Also facete, fistula pas- 
toricia, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 6. 

siby]; sibylia: Cumean s., s. Cumaea 
s. Cumana: the long-lived (aged) s., 
vivax, Ov. 14, 104: dread s., horrenda s., 
Virg. Aen. 6, to. Also vates, is, c., may 
be used as gen. term: ib. v. 65. 

sibylline: sibyllinus: s. verses, ver- 
sus s., Cic. Div. 1, 2, 4: esp. of the books 
said to have been purchased by Tarquin: 
the s. books were consulted by a decree 
of the senate, libri s. ex senatus consulto 
aditi sunt, Liv. 5, 13, ad med.: Varr 
L. L. 6, 3, 55. 

sick (adj.): |. Affected with 
vomiting: usu. With v. TO BE: 42 
vomo, ui, itum, 3: to be s. after food, v. 
post cibum, Cels. 1, 3, ad fin.: Cic. 2. 
nauseo, 1 (to feel squeamish): to belch 
and be s., ructare et n., id. Fam. 12, 25, 
2: cf. id. Phil. 2, 34, 84 (quidlibet, modo 
ne nauseet, faciat): see also TO VOMIT. 

|]. Fig. also usu. with verb to be: 

to be s. of, disgusted at: 1, taedet, 


1, claudo, 3: tos. | duit, or pertaesum est, 2 (with acc. of 


Eng. subject and gen. of thing): J am 
going in, Iam s. of your conversation, 
taedet sermonis tui, Pl. Cas. 
54: I am s. of hearing the same 


tempered wife s. up here, conclusam hic things a thousand times, t. jam audire 


743 


SICK 





eadem millies, Ter. Ph. 3, 2,2: I was | 
quite s. of his conversation, me sermonis | 
‘pertaesum est, Pl. Most. 1, 4,4: Jams. 
of this levity, pertaesum est me levitatis, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 1,2, 2. 2, fastidio, 4 (to feel 
disgust at, to loathe): v.tOLOATHE. 8, 
nauseo,t: tobe s. of any one’s chattering, 
effutientem aliquem n., id. N. D. 1, 30, 
84: cf. Phaedr. 4, 7,25. See also TIRED 
OF, WEARY. I]. S. ef body or mind : 

I, aeger, gra, grum (used both of | 
the body and the mind): v.1Lu, Fig.: 
a mind s. with anxiety, animus aeger 
curis, Virg. Aen. 1, 208: a mind s. with 
love, animus ae. amore, Liv. 30, 11. Q, 
aegrotus (of the body, rarely fig.) : we 
all give good advice to s. people when we 
are in good health, omnes, cum valemus, 
recta consilia aegrotis damus, Ter, Andr.' 
2, 1,9: whilst as. man has life there is 
said to be hope, aegroto, dum anima est, 
spes esse dicitur, Cic. Att.g, 10. Fig.: | 
this is the remedy for a state which is s. 
and almost given up by the doctors, hoe 
remedium est aegrotae et prope de- 
speratae reipublicae, id. Div. Verr. 21, 
70. 

sick, to be (v.): i.e. to be ill: ae- 
groto, 1: cabo, ui, itum, 1: jaceo, ui, 2: 
morbo affici: v. ILL (to be). 

— bed: Kr. gives lectus, cui mor- 
bus affixit aliquem, ace. to Hor. S. 1, 1, 
81. Phr.: to be on a s, bed, expr. by | 
cubare, jacere, aegrotare : v. ILL (to be) : 
to attend the s. bed of anybody, aegroto | 
alicui assidere, Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 1: vale- 
tudini alicujus assidere, Tac. Agr. 45, 
fin.: to get up from a s. bed, ex morbo 
assurgere, Liv. 3, 24. 

— Yoom: valetidinari Cels. 
praef. fin.: Sen. Ep. 27. 

sicken (v.) : A. Trans.: to dis- 
gust: expr. by fastidium creare, parere, 
gignere, movere: there is no pleasure 
which will not s. one by constant vepeti- 
tion, nulla voluptas est, quae non assi- 
duitate f. pariat, Plin. 12,17, 40: it s.s 
the stomach very much, magna movet 
stomacho fastidia, Hor. S. 2, 4, 78: see 
also TO DISGUST. B, Intrans.: 
to fall ill: expr. by in morbum, inci- | 
dere, cadere, incurrere, delabi: morbo | 
corripi, Suet. Caes. 45: valetudine ad- | 
versa corripi, ‘l'ac. (these, esp. of sud- | 
den seizure): In adversam valetudinem | 
incidere, Plin.: v. ILLNESS, ILL (to fall). 

sickle (subs.): 1. falx, cis, f. (any 
hooked or curved cutting instrument) : 
to apply a s. to the corn that is ripe for 
the harvest, f. maturis supponere aristis, 
Virg. G. 1, 348: more exactly, falx mes- 
soria (a reaping s.,as distinguished from 
falx foenaria, a mowing s. or scythe). | 
Dimin.: falcictila (a small s.): Pall: | 
Arn. Q, séciila (rare: the Campanian | 
name for a s.): cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 31, 
13. 

—— -shaped: falcatus: a s.-shaped 
sword (? i. e. a scimitar), ensis f., Ov. M. 
75.717. 

sickliness: perh. imbecillitas vale- 
tudinis (general weakness of body), Cic. 
Att. 7, 1, extr.: ef. morbus et imb. cor- 
poris, id. Att. 11,6: v. WEAKNess,. (Kr. 
gives ad aegrotandum proclivitas: cf. 
Cie. Tusc. 4, 12, 28.) See also foll. art. 

sickly (adj.): . In a somewhat ; 
unsound and unhealthy condition: 1, | 
morbosus (rarely used of persons) : let | 
him sell an old slave, or a s. slave, ser- 
vum senem, servum m. vendat, Cato | 
R. R. 2, extr. 2. morbidus (rare, and | 
not found of persons): s. bees, apes m., | 
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 22: a s. body, corpus | 
m., Plin. 8, 26, 4o. 3. expr. by ad 
aegrotandum proclivis (but only when 
speaking of persons): cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 
12, 27, and 28. 4, sometimes infir- 
mus, invalidus, imbecillus, may serve : 
Vv. WEAK, AILING. Phr.: hewas always 
3., semper infirma atque etiam aegra 
valetudine fuit, id. Brut. 48, 180. Il. 
Liable te bring on a feeling of sickness : 
perh. fastidiendus: Plin. 25, 9, 31. 

sickness? |. The state of being 

sick : 1, nauséa (prop. sea-s.: also 

denoting s. in general): overloadings of 

the stomach which cause s,, cruditates, 
44 





| 
| 
| 
| 








SIDE 


quae n. faciunt, Plin. 26, 11, 69: to check 
s., Dn. coercere, Hor, Epod. 9, 35: Sen. 

2. vomitus, ts, m.: V. VOMITING. 

I]. State of being ill: disease, illness, 
both of body and mind : ], morbus 
(disease of body or mind): Vv. ILLNESS. 
Fig.: of the mind: s. and lust of the 
mind, m. et cupiditas (animi), Cic. Verr. 
be Loe) 9. valetido: denoting 
state of health in general: hence in 
present sense usu. with an adj. : 
e.g. incommoda, adversa valetudo: v. 
HEALTH, ILLNESS, 3. aegrotatio (both 
of body and mind): when the blood is 
impure, diseases and s.s are produced, 
cum sanguis corruptus est morbi aegro- 
tationesque mascuntur, id. Tusc. 4, 10, 
23. Fig.: in the mind we can only 
separate disease from s. by thought, in 
animo tantummodo cogitatione possu- 
mus morbum ab aegrotatione sejungere, 
ib. 4, 13, 29. 4, aegritido (only fig. 
of the mind in the best writers: later 
of bodily s.): s. of the body, ae. corporis, 
Curt. 3, 5: worn out by s., fessus aegri- 
tudine, Tac. A. 2,29. Fig.: they have 


| called trouble, anxiety, and grief, s. 


(of the mind), molestiam, sollicitudinem, 
angorem, ae. nominaverunt, Cic. ‘usc. 
3, 10, 22. For various phrr. see also 
DISEASE. 
side(subs): |, Quarter, direction : 
1, pars, partis, f. (most gen. term) : 
the Helvetii are bounded on one s. by the 
river Rhine, on another s., etc., Helvetii 
continentur una ex parte flumine Rheno, 
altera ex parte, ete., Caes. B. G. 1, 2: to 
see dust on that s. towards which the 
legion had marched, pulverem videre in 
ea p. quam in partem legio iter fecisset, 
ib. 4, 32. 9. régio: v. QUARTER. 
3, often expr. by an adv. of place 
or direction, as :—(1.) undiqué (from 
or on all s.s): to make an attack upon 
the enemy from all s.s at once, u. uno 
tempore in hostes impetum facere, cf. 
ib. 1, 22: surrounded on every s. by 
perils, u. cinetus periculis, Cic. Manil. 
It, 30. (2.) uudécunqué (from what 
place or s. soever): Sen. Vit. beat. 27, 
med.: Quint. 7, 3, 33. (3.) utrimqué 
(utrinque), adv. (from or on both sides, 
on the one s. and on the other): the 
trumpets sound from both s.s, tubae u. 
canunt, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 69: great forces 
were got together on both s.s, magnae 
copiae u. paratae, Cic. Fam. 6, 4, init. : 
on both s.s or on one, vel. u. vel ab altera 
parte, Quint. 5, 10, 81. Comp.: utrim- 
qué sécus (along, or on both s.s: rare): 
Luer.; Apul. (4.) qudquoversus (to- 
wards every s.): ten feet tovards every 
S., pedes decem q., Cato, R. R. 15, 
med, (5.) citra (on this s.: prep. with 
acc.): the Germans who were on this s. 
the Rhine, Germani qui essent c. Rhe- 
num, Caes. B. G. 6, 32: on this s. of the 
river, c. flumen, Liv. 21, 48. Also citro, 
adv. (on this s.). Join: ultro citroque 
(to that s. and to this): cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 
66, jin. (6.) hine, illine (on this s. and 
om that): on the one s. ts good faith, on 
the other cheating, h. fides, illinc frauda- 
tio, id. Cat. 2, 11, 25: om the one s. is 
shame, on the other love, h. pudor, i. 
amor, Ov. M. 1, 619. These words also 
signify on both s.s: many wounds having 
been received on both s.s, multis h. atque 
i. vulneribus acceptis, Liv. 32, 10. Hine 
is sometimes repeated with the force of 
illinc: on this s. by the Macedonian, on 
that s. by the Torenaic sea, h. ‘Toronaico, 
h. Macedonico mari, Liv. 44, 11: on 
both s.s are mighty rocks, h. atque h. 
vastae rupes, Virg. Aen. 1, 162. (7.) 
hic, ad». (to this s., hither): v. HITHER. 
ll. Part of the body: latus, Eris, n. 
(of both persons and animals): a pain 
in the s., dolor lateris, Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6: 
he fastens a sword to his s., laterique 
accommodat ensem, Virg. Aen. 2, 393: to 
twitch. one by the s., (in order to attract 
attention), vellere 1. digitis, Ov. A. A. 1, 
606: to walk by any one’s s., tegere 1. 
alicui, Hor. S. 2, 5, 18: so also 1. claud- 
ere, Juv. 3,131: and dare l. alicui, Sen. 
Q. N. 7, 32. Fig.: of companionship 
and intimate friendship: so that I 








SIEGE 





never should leave the old man’s s., ut 
a senis l. nunquam discederem, Cic, 
Am. 1, I, Ml. By anal., lateral sur- 
face or outside of anything: latus: the 
s. of a hill, collis 1, Caes. B. G. 2, 8: one 
s. of the camp, unum |, castrorum, ib. 2, 
5: one Ss. of the island is opposite Gaul, 
unum |, insulae est contra Galliam, ib, 
5, 13: the s. (of a@ ship), 1., Virg. Aen. 
I, 105. Esp. in phrr. on or at the s.,on 
or at the ss: he protected it at each s. 
with fascines and sheds, ab utroque lat- 
ere cratibus ac pluteis protegebat, Caes. 
B.C. 1, 25, fin.: on the s.s, ab lateribus, 
Sall. J. 50, fin. Also less freq. ex latere, 
lateribus: on each s., ex utroque latere, 
Lucr. 2, 1049: on the s.s, ex lateribus, 
Sall. C. 60. IV. Party, faction, sect : 
pars, tis, f. (usu. pl.): to be on neither s., 
nullius partis esse, Cic. Fam. 10, 31 : nor 
must a judge be chosen from the advocates 
of the opposite s., nec ex advocatis p. 
adversae judex eligendus, Quint. 5, 6, 6: 
to go over to any one’s s., in partes ali- 
cujus transire, ef. Tac. H. 1,70: also in 
partes alicujus transgredi, cf. ib. 4, 39: 
to draw over to any one’s s., aliquem 
in suas partes ducere, cf. id. A. 15, 51: 
also trahere: Tac. See also PARTY, 
FACTION. To be on any one’s s.: expr. 
by ab, cum, foll. by the abl. with a verb : 
he is on thy s., abs te stat, Pl. Rud. 4, 4, 
56: to be on our s. ayainst you your- 
selves, a nobis contra vosmet ipsos fac- 
ere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104: to be on 
Caesar’s s., cum Caesare sentire, id. 
Att. 7, 1, 2: to be on the s. of good men 
against wicked men, sentire pro bonis 
contra improbos, id. Mil. 2, 5. V. OF 
consanguinity: 1, latus, Gris, m.: on 
my s.and on yours, meo tuoque latere, 
Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3. 2. genus, Eris, n. 
(esp. in such phrr. as, on the father’s 
or the mother’s s.): because he was of 
inferior birth on his mother’s s., quia 
materno genere impar erat, Sall. J. 11, 
init. Phr.: (those) related by the 
Jather’s s., per patrem cognati, Paul. 
Dig. 38, 10, 10, § t: to claim descent 
Jrom Jove on the father’s s., paternam 
originem ad Jovem referre, Suet. Cal. 2. 

side (adj.): latéralis, e (pertaining 
to the s.): Lucil.: Calpurn. 

——-board: 1, abicus (usu. an 
ornamental s., with a top made of marble 
or silver): s.s furnished out with em- 
bossed silver and gold plate, a. argento 
auroque caelato ornati, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 
61: Cato, (For abacus, Hor. uses lapis 
albus, S. 1, 6, 116.) 2. perh. mensa 
(any table, board, etc.): v. Lat. Dict. 
S. V. 

sided ; only in comps., as ome-s,, 
many-s., etc.: tnilatérus, multilatérus, 
ete. (Or by circuml, unum latus, 
multa latera habens.) 

sidelong: 1. obliquus: as. blow, 
o. ictus [apri], Hor. Od. 3, 22,7: with s. 
look or glance, v. oculo, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 
37: 0. vultu, Stat. S. 2, 6, 1c2: obliquo 
capite [speculari], Plin. 8, 24, 36. 9. 
linms, a, um ; and [late] limis, e (in best 
authors only as epith. of the eyes): to 
cast s. glances, limis oculis aspicere, PL 
Mil. 4, 6, 2: so, limis subridere oculis, 
OvivAmins) si, esae 3, transversus 
(going or lying across, transverse): to 
look in a s. direction, transversa tueri, 
Virg. E. 3, 8: to walk in a s. direction 
as a@ crab does, ex transverso cedere, 
quasi cancer selet, Pl. Ps. 4, I, 55. 
Phr.: to give a s. blow, ensem obli- 
quare in latus, Ov. M. 12, 485: in @ 
s. direction, oblique, in obliquum: v. 
OBLIQUELY. 

sidereal: sidé@ralis, e: Plin. Or 
expr. by sidera: concerning the s. hea- 
vens, * de coelo sideribusque. 

sideways: in obliquum, etc: v. 
SIDELONG. 

sidle; *obliquo incessu progredi. 

siege: _ 1. oppugnatio (most gen. 
and comprehensive term, but implying 
active attack gf a place): concerning s.8 
of towns, (as a branch of the military 
art), de oppidorum o., Cic. de Or. «, 48, 
210: Liv.: to raise a s., 0. dimittere, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 17; omittere, id. B. C. 3 


- 














SBIEGE-WORKS 


24 (obsessionem 0.): relinquere, Tac. A. 
15, 16. Also the verb oppugno may 
often expr. the subs. : the s.of Saguntum 
began...., S. oppugnari coeptum est, 
Liv. 21, 15° the s. of Saguntum had 
already begun, S. jam oppagnabatur, ib. 
c. 7. 2. obsidio, obsessio (which de- 
note sifting down before a place and 
investing it without active attack). to 
compel an enemy to raise the s. of a 
lace, (urbem) obsidione liberare, Caes. 

. G. 4, 19: V. BLOCKADE. 3. later, 
obsidium, in same sense: Tac. 4, 
circumsessio (hostile investment: rare): 
Cie. Phr.: to lay s. to, oppugnare: 
more fully, (urbem) operibus oppugnare, 
Liv. 37,5; {hardly oppugnationem in- 
ferre in this sense, though it may be 
used with non-milit. meaning: cf. Cic. 
Coel. 9, init.], obsidére (v. 10 BLOCK- 
ADE): circumsedére (to invest), Liv. 21, 
to. Relating to s.s :—(1.) oppugnatorius 
(serving for attack of towns): I have 
now to speak of s. works, restat mihi de 
oppugnatoriis rebus (dicere), Vitr. 10, 12 
(18). (2.) obsidionalis, e: esp. in 
phr. corona obsidionalis (crown given 
to a general for saving a city from s. 
or blockade), Gell. 5, 6 

siege-works: Opéra, 7. pl.: to in- 
vest a ith regular s., (urbem) 
operibus munitionibusque sepire, Cic. 
Ph. 13, 9: so, opera et machinae, Liv. 
37,5,extr. Ifonly the engines of attack 
are meant, machinae (machinationes, 
also res) oppugnatoriae, cf. Vitr. 10, 
12 (18). 

sierra: *montes continui quorum 
summa juga tanquam serrae formam 
praebent. 

siesta: méridiatio (mid-day rest): 
Cic. Div. 2,68, 141. To take a s., meri- 
diare, Suet. Cal. 38: Cat.: also as v. dep., 
meridiari, Cels. 

sieve (subs.): cribrum: you must 
pass (the cheese) through a s., per c. facito 
transeat, Cato, R. R. 76: a fines.,c. tenue, 
cf. Plin. 18, 11, 27: also, c. arctum, an- 
gustum, id.: or, c. subtile (v. FINE): to 
pour water into a s. (Prov.), imbrem 
{aquam] in c. gerere, Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 100. 
Dimin.; cribellum (a small s.), Pall.: 
@ s.-maker, cribrarius, Gloss. 

sieve (v.): v.strt. (See also SIEVE, 


Ss. 

sift: |. Lit: 1, cribro, 1: 
Col. 12, 51: Plin. 2. expr. by cri- 
brum, with a verb: e. g. cribro cernere, 
subcernere, Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 115: also 
perh. cribro excutere, cf. ib. § 108 
(ecribra excussoria). Il. Fig.: to 
examine carefully: expr. by explo- 
rare, scrutari, perscrutari, with intensive 
advv., as diligenter, subtilissime scru- 
tari, etc. 

sifting (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
preced. art. 

siftings: i. e. what is sifted out: 
excreta, orum (¢. g. tritici), Col. 8, 4, 
imit.: called also, excrementa, ib. c. 5, 
extr. (Or expr. by verb: quod excerni- 
tur, excretum est.) 

sigh (subs.): 1, suspirium: Cic. : 
to fetch a deep s., alte petere s., PI. Cist. 
T, 1, 56: s. ducere [ab imo pectore}, Ov. 
M. Io, 402° trahere, ib. 2, 753. By 
suspiratus, iis : al. -itus (the act of fetch- 
ing a s., sing): Cic. Att. 1, 18, 4 (quem 
nemo,. sine suspiratu aspicere posset) : 
to fetch a s., s. haurire, Ov 8, gémi- 
tus, is (@ very deep s., @ groan): v. 
GROAN. To heave or fetch a@ s., sus- 
pirare: v. foll. art. 

sigh (v.): 1, suspiro, 1: tos. very 
deeply, s. ab imis pectoribus, Ov. M. 2, 
655: Cic. Yo s. for any one, suspirare 
in aliquo, -qua, Ov. F.1, 417: Cat. 9, 
expr. by phr. suspiria petere, ducere, 
trahere (with which the seat from which 
the s. is drawn should be expr.): v. SIGH, 
subs. 8. gémo, ingémisco- y. To 
GROAN. 

Sighing (subs.): suspiratus- v. sIGH. 

sight mee) |. The act or sense 
of seeing: . Visus, tis: to impinge 
upon the eyes and excite the sense of 
§., oculos ferire v.que laceasere, Lucr. 4, 
217: (a body) revealed by s. and touch, 








SIGHT 


visu tactuque manifestum, Quint. 1, 4, 
20: to be ived of s., visu privari, 
Wyttenb. in Kr. Q, the sense, sensus 
videndi: Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357 (sensus 
acerrimus ex omnibus sensibus est sen- 
sus videndi): so, sensus oculorum, id. 
Div. 1, 32,71. 3, aspectus, is (strictly 
in relation to an object, s., as engaged 
in looking at something: freq. in Cic., 
who avoids the use of visus): all things 
which are objects of 8., i.e. visible, quae 
sub aspectum veniunt, id. de Or. 2, 87, 
358: cf. id. Tusc. 1, 30, 73, where as- 
pectum amittere is applied to those who 
from fixing the eyes upon the sun have 
become incapable of seeing anything: 
the taste, smell, s. of fruit, pomorum 
gustatus, odoratus, a., id. N. D. 2, 63, 
158. 4, meton.: dciilus, dciili: to 
lose the s. of one eye, (alterum) oculum 
amittere, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 48: altero oculo 
capi, Liv. 22, 2, extr.: the s. of his right 
eye was always defective, nunquam dex- 
tro 0. aeque bene usus est, Nep. Han. 4: 
to have remarkably keen s., oculos acres 
atque acutos habere, Cic. Pl. 27, 66 (fig. 
sense). 5, Acies, @i (strictly, keen- 
ness of s.): more fully, acies oculorum : 
unimpaired (goodness of) s., incolumis 
a., id. Fin. 5, 28, 84 (opp. to caccitas, 
blindness): to elude (the keenest) s., a. 
fugere, id. Tusc. 1, 22, 50: the fuller 
form should be used where any ambi- 
guity might arise: cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 39. 
Phr.: to have as keen s. as Lynceus, 
oculis tantum quantum Lynceus con- 
tendere posse, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 28: tam 
perspicacem esse quam Lynceus fuit (v. 
SHARP-SIGHTED) : not to have very good 
$., (oculis) parum acute (clare) cernere : 
Vv. TO SEE. I]. View, range of s.: 

1, conspectus, is: to be carried 
out of s. of land, e c. terrae auferri, 
Liv. 29, 217: to come into any one’s s., 
alicui in c. prodire, Ter. Ph. 2, 4, 3: 
dare se in c. alicui, ib. 2, 1, 31. fe 
aspectus, us (rare in this sense): Che 
circles which bound our s., orbes qui a. 
nostrum definiunt, Cic. Div. 2, 44, 92. 
Phr.: to live in the s. of one’s fellow- 
countrymen (in publicity and popu- 
larity), in oculis civium vivere, Cic. Off 
3, 1, 3: to get a s. of any one (coming 
within view inthe distance), conspicari 
aliquem, Liv. 2, 20, init.: Caes.: Sall. 
(not conspicere in this sense). Il. 4 
look, notice from seeing: aspectus: at 
jirst s. {contrasted with fuller know- 
ledge), primo a., Cic. N. D. 2, 35, go (not 
conspectus in this sense): somewhat 
different is Br. 64, 200, non assidens et 
attente audiens sed uno aspectu et prae- 
teriens de oratore judicat, i. e. at the very 
Jirst glance, with a single look. Phr.: 
to know any one by s., aliquem de facie 
nosse, Cic. Pis. 32, 81: at jirst s., prima 
specie (lit. from the first appearance of 
a thing, objectively: whereas primo 
aspectu [v. supr.] refers to the act of 
looking at it, subjectively), Cic. Fin. 4, 
22, 61: also, prima fronte, Quint. 7, 1, 
56 (better than prima facie, which, how- 
ever, occurs Gai. Inst. 4, 1): @ thing 
wins our affection at first s., aliquid 
statim conspectum voluntatem conciliat 
amoremque adjungit, Muret. (R. and A.): 
to pay at s., or im cash, repraesentare 
pecunias, Cic. Att. 12, 25. IV. That 
which is seen: 1, spectactilum: a 
pretty s., lepidum s., Pl. Poen.1, 1, extr. : 
a splendid s., magnificum s., Liv. 10, 40: 
V SPECTACLE, SHOW. 2, spécies, éi 
(appearance, phenomenon) « novel and 
unwonted s., nova atque inusitata s., 
Caes. B. G. 2, 31° V APPEARANCE. 8, 
fiicies, Gi: a comely s., decora f., Plin. 
Pan. 56: Sil. 4, perb. aspectus: 
ef. Cic. Ph. 2, 29, 73, auctionis vero 
miserabilis aspectus, i.e. 1¢ was a piti- 
able s. (yet the word has not even here 
Strictly an objective force). 5, expr. 
by verb or phr.: a frightful s., (acies) 
visu torva, Tac. G 31 piteous s.! 
mniserabile visu! Virg. Aen. 1, 111~- here 
a still more surprising s. meets our eyes, 
hie aliud majus (nobis) objicitur, ib. 2, 
199° what move delightful s. can there 
be? quid potest esse aspectu pulchrius ? 





SIGNAL 


eo ees 


Cic. Sen. 15, 53: by this unexpected 8., 
quo repentino objectu viso, Nep. Han. § 
(avoid, however, the use of objectus 
alone = species): ah me, what a s. was 
he! hei mibi, qualis erat: Virg. Aen. 
2, 274: what sadder s. did I see... ? 
quid vidi crudelius? ib. 746. 

sight (v.): conspicor,1: Sall.: Liv. : 
v. preved. art. (II.). 

Sightliness ; decora s. venusta 
species: decora facies, etc.; v. COMELI- 
NESS, BEAUTY. 

sightly: vénustus, décdrus, pulcher, 
formosus, etc. : V. BECOMING, BEAUTIFUL, 

sign (subs.): |, Mark, indication: 

. usu. equiv. signum: (blushing) 
the s. of modesty, s. pudoris, Ter. Andr, 
5, 3,7: the s.s (symptoms) are in favour 
of recovery, 8. esse ad salutem, ib. 3, 2, 
2. foll. by acc. and inf.: s. that a thing 
is so and so, Nep. Att. 17. 2. indi- 
cium (something which naturally points 
to a certain conclusion, whereas signum 
may denote a thing in itself purely 
arbitrary): s.s and traces of poisming, 
indicia et vestigia veneni, Cic. Clu. 10, 
30: V. PROOF. 8. insigne, is, n. (usu. 
denoting some outward badge or mark, 
always something conspicuous) : cf. Cic. 
de Or. 3, 33, 133, quod erat insigne, eum 
qui ita faceret, facere..., where it refers 
to a man advertising himself by walk- 
ing in the forum: v. MARK. 4, nota: 
Vv. MARK. 5, vestigium: v. TRACE. 
6. often expr. by simple gen., 
after esse: are these the s.s of madness ? 
suntne haec delirantis hominis? L. G. 
§ 266. See also PECULIAR, PROPER (to). 
I]. A stgnal, intimation: signum - 
Sall.: v. stcnaL. Also perh. niitus, is 
(lit. nod): ef. Caes. B. G. 4, 23, ad nu- 
tum = at the slightest s. or expression 
of command. Il]. 4 portent, presage : 
monstrum, portentum, ostentum, ete. - 
V. PORTENT, OMEN. Also less freq. sig- 
num: Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77- IV. Of a 
shop: insigne, is, n.: cf. supr. (1. 3). 
V. Astronomical: signum: the s. 
of Leo, Leonis s., Cic. Div. 1, 53, 121: 
Virg. G. 1, 239 (obliquus signorum ordo) : 
Lucr.: Hor. (The word bas not, how- 
ever, the strictly limited sense of the 
Eng.) See also consTeLLaTion. (In 
G. 1, 232, the twelve s.s of the zodiac are 
called duodena astra.) 

Sign (v.): |. To give a s.or signal 
to: annuo, signum do: v.TO SIGNAL, 
SIGNIFY, BECKON. |]. 70 put one’s 
signature to a document: 1, sub- 
scribo, 3: to s. (a death warrant), ex 
more s., Suet. Ner. 10: fo s. the accounts, 
rationes s., Dig. 35, 1, 82: better rationi- 
bus s.,cf. Ulp. ib. 2, 13,6,$1. 2, sig- 
no, 1 (to ratify by signature and seal): 
to s. (and seal) a will, testamentum 
s., Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8: v. TO SEAL. So 
sometimes, when the authorising of a 
public act is denoted, expr. by scribendo 
adfuere (indicating who were present at 
the drawing up of the said act), SS. CC. 
in Cic. Fam. 8, 8. Phr.: to s. one’s 
name to a letter, nomen epistolae notare, 
Flor. 2, 12, 10. See also TO SUBSCRIBE. 

Signal (subs.): 1. signum: to 
give a s., s. dare, Sall. Cat. 18. also, in 
milit. sense (for battle), signa canere, id. 
Jug. 99 (but the constr. is exceptional; 
v. infr. 3): the shepherd's s. (for call- 
ing the flocks home), pastorale s., Col. 6, 
23 (pastorali s. quasi receptui canitur): 
Virg. Aen. 4, 512 (p. signum dea canit), 

9, classicum (milit. s., given by 
sound of trumpet): the consul summons 
the men by s. (sound of trumpet) to his 
tent, consul classico ad praetorium con- 
vocat, Liv. 7, 36: esp. in phr. classicum 
canit (= the s. is given), ib. 28, 27: less 
freq. classicum canitur, Caes. B.C. 3, 82. 
For classicum, also bellicum occurs Cic. 
Mur. 14, 30 (bellicum canere, trans.) : 
Liv. 8, expr to give a s. (in milit. 
t. t.), by cano, cécini, cantum, 3 (used 
both as v. intrans. and trans.): (Has- 
drubal) sounded the s. for retreat, re- 
ceptui cecinit, Liv. 27, 47 before the s. 
Sor battle was given (lit. sounded or 
rang out), priusquam signa canerent, 
Liv. 1, 1, med.: Sall. 4, insigne, ia 

745 


SIGNAL 


SILENT 








n.: cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 20, vexillum fa red 
flag] proponendum quod erat insigne, | 
quum ad arma concurri oporteret (s. to 
prepare for a battle): the actual s. for 
battle being denoted by the foll. clause, 
signum tuba dandum: ef. id. B. C. 3, 89, | 
vexillo signum dare: a night s., noctur- | 
num i, Liv. 29, 25. (N.B.—The word | 
insigne is best suited to denote any con- 
spicuous signal, esp. one of a special 
kind, as in the places referred to.) 
Phr.: to give a s. by kindling jire, 
ignibus significationem facere, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 33: ef. Cic. Verr. 5, 35, 93, prae- 
donum adventum significabat ignis e 
specula sublatus: to give the s. Jor de- 
camping (by pulling up the standards), 
signa convelli jubere, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77: 
on the part of the men, the s. was a 
eneral shout, cf. vasa conclamare, Caes. 
. C. 1, 66: to freagunasa s. of dis- 
tress, * tormento periculi significationem 
facere (R. and A.). 
signal (v.): signum dare, significare, 


etc.: v. preced. art. If by a gesture, as | 


waving the hand, manu significare: by 
beckoning, annuere: V. TO NOD, BECKON. 
signal (adj.): 1, insignis (speci- 
ally marked and striking): @ s. ca- 
lamity, i. calamitas, Caes. B. G. 1, 12: 
Cic.: Vv. REMARKABLE. 2. egrégius 
(standing out from the rest): your s, 
Jidelity, e. tua fides, Sall. C. 35: as. 
victory, e. victoria, Liv. 2, 47. 3. 
sometimes magnus may serve: @ s. 
punishment, magnum exemplum, ‘l’ac. 
A. 14, 14: so, documenta maxima, Cic. 
Mil. 8, jin. 4. nodbilis,e. Vv. FAMOUS. 
5, insignitus: s. disgrace, i. igno- 
minia, Liv. 7, 15: Tac. 

Signalize: Phr.: (a field) in 
which to s. himself, in quo virtus enite- 
scere posset, Sall. C. 54 (Vv. TO SHINE 
FORTH): to be s.d by a defeat of the 
Romans, ex calamitate P. R. nomen 
capere [el memoriam prodere], Caes. 
B.G. 1, 13: Vv. TO DISTINGUISH. 

signally : : insignité, insigniter, égré- 
gié: v. REMARKABLY. Phr.: to defeat 
% (hostes) maximo proelio devincere, 

ce 

signatory : V. SIGNITARY. 

signature : : nomen: v.TOSIGN. To 
append one’s s., subscribere : ib. 

signer: expr. by verb: v. TO SIGN. 
signet: signum: v. SEAL. 

— -ring: annulus (anulus) signa- 
torius: Val. Max. 8,14,4. Usu. simply 
annulus: Cic. Ac. 2, a 85 (sigilla anulo 
imprimere): Pl. 

significance : significatio, vis, etc.: 
Vv. MEANING. Phr.: full of s., signifi- 
cans (of language, clear : telling its tale 
expressively): V. SIGNIFICANT. 

significant: 1. significans: s. 
words, s. verba, Quint. 11, I, 2: Plin. 

2. argutus (appealing in a lively 
manner to perception): cf. Cic. Div. 2, 
12, 29, vel argutissima exta, the most 
plainly s. of all viscera: who more s. 
(striking) in his apophthegms ? quis in 
eententiis argutior? Cic. Br. 17, 65. 
Phr.: what more s. token of affection 
could be given? *qui posset clarius 
(insignitius) enitescere amor? quae res 
posset magis amorem significare atque 
declarare? tt is a s. fact..., *dignum 
memoria est, quod... 

significantly: significanter (ez- 
pressively): Cic.: Quint. Or. expr. by 
verb: he looked s. at him, * intuitus est 
Gn) eum, quasi aliquid significare vellet : 
vultu argutissimo (in) eum intuitus est. 

signification:  significatio: v. 
MEANING. 

ificative: index, icis, c.: cf. 
Cic. C. Rab. 6, 18, quin continetis vocem, 
indicem stultitiae vestrae! Or expr. by 
verb: the eyebrows are chiefly s. of 
disdain, supercilia maxime indicant 
fastum, Plin. 11, 37, 51 (factum, Jahn): 
Y. TO INDICATE, SIGNIFY. 

signify : |. To make a sign to: 

1, significo,r: Join. significare 
et annuere, Cic. Verr. 3, 91, 212: they 
raised their hands and s.’d that they sur- 
rendered, manus tollere, deditionem 
significare, Caes. B. G. 7, 40. 2. an- 

146 


! nuo, 3: V. TO BECKON. 3, déceo, 2: 
| V. TO POINT OUT, INFORM. I]. Zo be- 
| token : 1, significo, 1: many words 
| formerly s.d something different from 
what they now mean, multa verba aliud 
nunc ostendunt, aliud ante significa- 
bant, Varr. Ib, lie Sp Bh sos 5) 
volo, 3, irr. with dat. of pron. refi. We 
| have a certain drift or scope): Cic. : 
Tv MEAN (II.,1). 3, valeo, 2 (to have 
a certain force) : v. TO MEAN (IL., 3). 
4, sdno, ui, itum: fut. part. -atu- 

Tus, 1: to differ in name but really to s. 
the same, verbo discrepare, re unum s., 
| Cic, Off. 3, 21, 83. 5, expr. by vis, | 
| Significativ, etc.: Vv. MEANING. Ill. 
To portend: significo, portendo, etc.: 
V. TO FOREBODE. IV. 0 oe of im- 
portance: expr. by intérest, réfert: v. 
IMPORTANCE (L., jin.). 

signior: Y- SEIGNIOR. 

signitary : Phr.: thes.s toatreaty, 
*ii qui inter se foedus pacemque fec- 
erunt. 

silence (subs.): silentium (stillness, 
where nothing is said : applicable either 
to persons or inanimate things) : having 
obtained s. by sound of trumpet, quum 
s. classico fecisset, Liv. 2, 45: to attend 
in s., cum 8. animadvertere, Ter. Heaut. 
prol. 44: to pass over in s., silentio prae- 
| terire, Cic. Sull. 21, fin. : in profound s., 
| magno s., id. Q. Fr. 2, I, init.: in the s. 
| of night, sidentio noctis, Caes. B. Ga; 
36: to observe long s., diuturno s. uti, 
Cic. Mare, inzt. Poet.: oft. pl. for 
the metre: to keep s., silentia tenere, Ov. 
M. 1, 206. (N.B—Not taciturnitas: 
which denotes habitual reserve and un- 
willingness to speak.) To keep s., tacére, 
silére: v. SILENT, TO BE. Phr.: I can- 
not pass this over im »., boc tacitus nullo 
modo praeterire possum, Cic. Mare. init. 

silence (exclam.): tace, quin taces, 
etc.: Vv. HUSH. 

silence (v.): |. Lit.: to cause s.: 

hr.: silentium facere (Vv. SILENCE, 
subs.): to s. applause by waving the 
hand, manu murmura [clamores] com- 
primere, Ov. M. 1, 206. So fig., to s. 
conscience, conscientiam comprimere, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 54. I]. Zo put to s., 
by rebuke or refutation : 1, confito, 
1 (to put down by words): I would s. 
those fellows who now find fault with 
me! ego istos qui nunc me culpant con- 
futaverim! Pl. Truc. 2, 3, 28: the 
master was s.d with his own argument, 
magister suo sibi argumento confutatus 
est, Gell. 2. réftito, 1 (with ref. to 
arguments: to beat back and overthrow) : 
Vv. TO REFUTE. 3, contundo, tidi, 
tusum, 3 (to beat back and confound by 


Force): tos. the proud menace of kings, 
| tumidas regum minas c., Hor. Od. 4, 3, 
8: Cic. Join: (calumniam) obterere 


et contundere, Cic. Caec. 7, 18. 4. 
comprimo, pressi, ssum, 3 (to check and 
control): ct. Cic. Mur. 11, 24, tribunicios 
furores dicendo comprimere: he s.d their 
entreaties by quiet jirmmess, preces taci- 
turna sua obstinatione compressit, Nep. 
Att. 22: v. TO CHECK. 5, expr. pass. 
by conticesco, ticui, 3: cf. Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 
10, conscientia convictus repente con- 
ticuit. 


silent: 1. tacitus (not speaking) : 
Cic.: Hor.: pass. _ taciturnus 
(habitually s.: not fond of talking : oft. 


of things, quiet, noiseless): s. firmness, 
t. obstinatio, Nep. Att. 22: s. (noiseless) 
stream, t. amnis, Hor.: Prop. By 
silens, ntis (hushed and still): Virg.: 
Ov.: v. STILL,adj. To be s.:—(1.) ta- 
ceo, 2 (not to speak: both intrans., and 
with acc. of neut, pron.: not to speak 
about anything): did you think Iwould 
be s. about matters so important ? an me 
taciturum tantis de rebus existimavistis ? 
Cic. Verr. Act. I, 9, 27: what did she 
say, or what did she keep s.? quid dixit 
aut quid tacuit? Hor. Epod. 5,49. And 
poet. with any other word as direct 
object: Ov. M. 13, 177 (ut alios taceam). 
Incept. conticesco, ticui, 3 (to become s. 

esp. but not solely, of a number of per- 
sons together becoming s. as in Virg. 
Aen. 2,1): Cic. (Reticeo, 2, is usu. to 








v. | fin.: and with direct acc.: 





SIMILARITY 


keep something secret, withhold infor- 
mation: Vv, TO KEEP BACK: less freq 
tu be s. again, as in the case of a speaker 
pausing j/rom time to time: Cic. de 
Or. 2, 59, 232.) (2.) sileo, ui, 2 (to be 
hushed and still): v. STILL, TO BE. 
Also = not to speak (of): to be s. about 
a thing, de aliqua re s., Cic. Div. 2, 30, 
Hor. Od. 1, 
12, 21 (neque te silebo: but prose would 
require de te: a neut. pron. may how- 
ever be used, as in the case of taceo: v. 
L. G. § 253). 

silently: 1, tacité: to ask s., 
(speechlessly, without speaking), t. ro- 
gare, Cic. Man. 5,13: the s.gliding year, 
t. labens annus, Ov. F.1,65: Liv. 2, 
expr. by tacitus (in agr. with subject: 

G. § 343): they s. saw what was com- 
ing to pass, taciti ventura videbant, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 125: if I must die s.. si 
mori tacitum oportet, Liv. 40, 9. 3 
silentio, cum silentio (in s., with silent 
attention): Vv. SILENCE. 

silentness; perh. pl. of silentium: 
V. SILENCE. 

silhouette: obliqua imago: ¥. PRO- 
FIL. 

silicious: Silicis naturam habens;: 
Vv. FLINT. ; 

silk (subs.): 1, expr. by séricus, 
a, um: parte-coloured (wreaths) made of 
S., e veste s. versicolores, Plin. 21, 3, 8. 
The neut. is also used to denote silicen 
Jabric or silken goods: the choicest s.s, 
prima s., Mart. 11, 27 (28), 11: Prop. 

2). bombyx, ycis, c. (strictly the s.. 

worm ; used meton. for the fabric or 
silken goods): Assyrian s. Assyria b., 
Plin. 11, 23, 27: Prop. (b. Arabius, 


Dash > 
1, séricus: v. 
silken } 4 yj. preced. art. Hence, 
clothed in s. attire, sericatus, Suet. Cal. 
52. 2. s€riceus (rare): s. banners, 
s. vexilla, Flor. 3. bombycinus: s. 
attire, b. vestis, Plin. 11, 22, 26. Neut. 
pl., bombycina = s. garments, Mart. 
silk; dealer: perh. séricarius (R. 





and A 

—-mill: perh. séricaria (sc. of- 
ficina). 

— -worm: bombyx, jcis, c. (usu. 
m.): Plin. 11, 23, 27. 

silky: + molli natura, qualis bomby- 
cinorum (sericorum) solet esse. 

sill; limen inferum (of a coher Pl. 
Muc. 5, 1, 1. Window s., perh. ima 
fenestra (in Phaedr. 1, 13, I, fenestra 
alone = window-s.). 

silliness: stultitia, fatuitas, etc.: v. 
FOOLISHNESS. In concrete sense, ineptiae, 
arum: away with such old woman’s s. 5 
pellantur istae i. aniles! Cic. ‘usc. 1, 
3 

eee stultus, fatuus, Ineptus (esp. 
as descriptive of things or @ person’s 
conduct), etc. : V. FOOLISH. 

silt (v.): Pbr.: the mouth of the 
river is almost s.’d up, * fluvii os paene 
limo oppletum, occupatum est (fluvii 
os limus paene occupavit, opplevit). 

silvan: V- SYLVAN. 

silver (suvbs.): argentum (denoting 
either the metal itself or manufactured 
S.. as plate, money): passim. 

silver (adj.): argenteus: s. foil, a. 
bracteae, Plin. 37, 7, 31: Cic. 

silver (v.): argento inducere: v. TO 
COVER, OVERLAY. Chiefly in p. part. 
silvered: argentatus (covered or plated 
with s.): Pl: Liv. 

silver-leaf; bractea argentea: v 
SILVER, adj. 

—-mine: 1, argentifodina (or 
as two words): Varr, L. L. 8, 33, 62: 
Plin. Q, argentarium metallum: Plin. 
33, 5, 26. (From Varr. 1. c. the former 
would appear to have been the usual 
expr.) 

—-smith: faber argentarius: Dig. 

silvery: argenteus: s. hue, a. color, 
Ov. M. Io, 213: so, a. ales, ib. 2, 536. 
Ss. oe perh. argentea canities: v. GREY. 

ar: similis: often joined to 

a strengthened by par: v. LIKE. 
similarity : similitiido; later, vici- 
D.tas: V. RESEMBLANCE. Phr.: s. of 











SIMILARLY 


SINCE 


SINCERITY 








tastes, consensio studiorum: s. of cha- | epularum lautitiis (with ref. to enter-_ 


racter, Morum congruentia: Vv, AGREE- 
MENT, HARMONY. 
similarly: 1, similiter: Join: 
similiter atque uno modo (of a mono- 
tonous delivery), Cic. Br. 66, 233. Foll. 
by atque (ac), id. Ph. 1, 4, 9. 2. pa- 
riter (in a manner so as to match): cf. 
id. Or. 12, 38, ué pariter extrema termi- 
nentur (should end s.; of parallel sen- 
tences). 3, simili s. pari modo: v. 
LIKE, adj. 
simile; translatio (translatum), simi- 
litido: Vv. FIGURE, FIGURATIVE. 
similitude: v. sme. 
simmer: lente fervére: v. TO BOIL. 
simnel: *genus placentae quod 
medio die Quadragesimae comeditur. 
simoniacal: v. smony. 
slmony: *simonia: Scrr. Eccl. : 
Munerum ecclesiasticorum nundinatio 
(Kr.). Vo be guilty of s., munera eccle- 
siastica nundinari ( Kr.). 
simoom: *ventus aestifer ac pesti- 
lentus qui stmoom dicitur. 
simper: Phr.: inepte ridére: v. 
TO LAUGH. 
simple (adj.) : 
simplex, icis: opp. concretus ex pluribus 
naturis (compound), Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 
init.: opp. copulatus, id. Fat. 13, 30 
(where the reference is to absolute and 
related propositions): ‘Ver. Il. Not 
elaborate 1, simplex: Hor. Od. 1, 


|. Not complez : 


5, 5: 8. food, s. esca, id. S. 2, 2, 73: 8. 
cibus, Plin. 11, 53, 117. Join: simplex 
atque inaffectatus, Quint.9, 4,17. 2, 
rudis (unpolished): Join: rudia et in- 
compositis similia (dicere), Quint. |. c.: 
Vv. RUDE. 3. inconditus (put together 
without art): s. strains, i. carmina, Liv. 
- 20, tnit.: Cic. Il. Avtless, free 
rom guileand suspicion: 1, simplex: 
Join: (vir) apertus et simplex, Cic. Rep. 
3,16: s. fortisque (of a blunt outspoken 
character), Hor. S. 1, 3, 52: nibil sim- 
plex, nihil sincerum, Cic. Att, 10, 6. 
, sincerus: V. SINCERE, FRANK. 
IV. Weal-minded: ineptus: v. 
FOOLISH. (Hebetioris ingenii, R. and A. 
Phr.: Tam not so s. as to believe, non 
is sum qui credam, ib. Sometimes cre- 
dulus may be the right word: cf. Virg. E. 
9, 34, non ego credulus illis, Jam not so 
&. as to believe them: also Hor. Od. 1, 5, 
9, qui nunc te fruitur credilus (simple 
youth !) aurea, V. Sheer, without 
qualification: mérus, germanus: v. 
SHEER, GENUINE, 
simple (subs.): usu. pl., simples: 
herbae medicae s. medicinales: y. MEDI- 
CINAL, 
simple-minded: simplex, crédiilus, 
etc. : v. SIMPLE (LV.). 
simpleton; stultus, fatuus, ineptus, 
etc. : Vv. FOOL. 
simplicity: |. State of not being 
compounded: simplicitas: Lucr. 1, 609. 
Also simplex natura: v. SIMPLE (I.). 
Il. Plainness, as opp. to elabora- 
tion: perh. simplex cu!tus (vy. SIMPLE, 
IL.): he studied s. of attire not without 
elegance, * vestitu simplici nec eo tamen 
minus eleganti utebatur: books written 
Jor children should be marked by s., 
*quae puerorum iu «sum scribuntur 
simplicia ac plana esse oportet. Hl. 
Artlessness, freedom from guile: sim- 
plicitas: the s. of an incautious youth, 
s. juvenis incauti, Liv. 40, 23, init.: 
Quint.: Ov. Phr.: old-fashioned coun- 
try s., antiqua rusticitas, Plin. Ep. 1, 
14, 4. IV, Folly: stultitia, stupor, 
(sometimes) crédilitas: v. 
NESS, CREDULITY, 
simplify; expr. by simplex with a 
verb. Phr.: to s. a difficult subject, 
*rem perplexam impeditamque ex- 
planare et quasi simpliciorem reddere. 
simply; |. Jn a simple manner ; 
without anything else being mixed up: 
simpliciter: Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 149, (opp. 
conjuncte). Hence often = merely : 
they had come s, ¢o sue for friendship, 
8. ad amicitiam petendam venissent, 
Liv. 34,57. ||, Without elaboration 
or art: nullo cultu (R. and A.); nullis 
munditiis (esp. with ref. to dress) ; nullis 


FOOLISH- 


tainments): V. REFINEMENT, ELEGANCE, 
MAGNIFICENCE. Phr.: she dressed 5., 
almost in rustic style, * vestitu simplici 
ac paene rustico utebatur. Wl. Only, 
merely: 1, simpliciter (without miz- 
ing up anything else): v. supr. (L). 
2. sclum, tantummddo: v. ONLY. 
IV. Foolishly: g.v- (Sometimes 

credulus may serve: v. SIMPLE, LV., 
Phr.; and L. G. § 343.) 

simulate; simulo, 1: 
TEND. 

simulation: simiilatio: 
TENCE. 

simultaneous: expr. by simul, una 
(together); uno (eodem) tempore, uno 
(eodem) impetu, etc.: he ordered a s. 
advance of the whole line, * tctam aciem 
uno atque eodem impetu prugredi (pro- 
cedere) jussit:; the stroke and the report 
are strictly s., *et ictus et sonitus plane 
eodem temporis momento fiunt: that 
the destruction of the soul is s. with that 
of the body, cum corporibus simul animos 
interire, Cic. Am. 4, 14. S. equations, 
*aequationes simultaneae (quae dicun- 
tur); or quae simul fiunt. 

simultaneously: simul, una; uno 
atque eodem tempore: v. TOGETHER. 
(See also preced. art.) 

sin (swbs.): 1, peccatum (the pro- 
per word to denote moral wrong in its 
peculiar aspect, as presented in the 
Scriptures and in theol, writings): to 
enact equal punishments for all s.s, pec- 
catis poenas aequas irrogare, Hor. S. 
I, 3, 118: Cic.: Vulg. pass. 2, de- 
lictum (also a somewhat grave term; 
an ofjence): to atone for the s.s of fore- 
Juthers, d. patrum luere, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 
I: Cic.: Vv. OFFENCE. 3. piacilum 
(guilt and pollution towards the gods) : 
uhat s. is incurred, quantum piaculi 
committatur, Liv. 5, 52: without s., 
sine p., ib.: Virg. 4, culpa (mild 
term): v. FAULT. See also crix, 
WICKEDNESS. 0 commit @ §&. OF 5S.s, 
peccare: esp. in such phrr, as, to commit 
many s.s, multa peccare, Cic. Par. 3, 2, 
25: what s. have I committed? quid 
peccavi? (cf. L.G. § 253). Esp.as impers. 
pass.: (in murdering a slave), one s. is 
committed, semel peccatur, Cic. Par. l.c. 

Sin (v.): pecco, 1: the (mere) inclina- 
tion to s., peccandi sola voluntas, Juy. 
13, 208: Cic.: cf. preced. art. jin. (Serr. 
Eccl. pass.) 

sin-offering: piactilum: v. PRori- 
TIATION (IL.). In slightly diff. sense, 
sacrificium piaculare, Liv. 1, 26 (qui- 
busdam piacularibus s. factis, certuin 
rites of the nature of an atonement). 

since (prep.): 1. ex, € (with 
abl.) : esp. in such phrr. as, ex quo, ex 
eo, ever s. the time when ...., Virg. Aen. 
2, 163 and 169 (but though this constr. 
is used by Liv., Caes. and Cic. always 
express the subs.: ef. Cic. Quint. 5, fiz, 
itaque ex eo tempore, Tres esSe.... 
coepit: ever s. the building of the 
bridge had been begun, ex eo tempore 
quo pons institui coeptus est, Caes. B. G. 
4. 18). 2. ab, a (with abl.; less pre- 
cise in its force than ex, which latter 
denotes immediate sequence, Whereas ab 
simply gives a date): esp. with jam, 
inde, usque: ever s. that time, jam ab 
illo tempore, Cic. Fam. 2, 16: ever s. the 
beginning of this empire, jam inde a 
principio hujus imperii, Cie. Prov. 13, 
33: Liv.: s. Romulus to the present day, 
usque a Romulo, id. Vat. 8, 20: ever s. 
C, he) was a@ child, a puero, a parvulo, 
ete.: cf. L.G. § 58. 3, post (with 
ace.): s. the creation of man, post 
homines natos, Cic. Br. 62, 224: so, post 
genus hominum natum, id. Bal. 10, 26. 
See also since, conj. (1.). 

since (adv.): 1, abhinc (ago): with 
acc. or abl.: you were quaestor four- 
teen years s., quaestor fuisti a. annos 
xiv., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, 34: with abdl., 
abhinc annis quattuor, id. R. Com. 13, 
init, (the acc. appears to be more usual, 
unless perhaps when a precise point of 
time is to be indicated). 2. expr. 


Vv. TO PRE- 


Vv. PRE- 











Le eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeEEEEEeee———ee——e———E——E——EEE——E—E—EEE_EEEEE 


Sor along while s., by jamdudum, jam- | 


,jampridem invisus divis .... 


pridem (with pres. indic.): he has been 
indoors long s., jamdudum est intus, 
Pl. As. 3, 3, 151: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 647, 
demoror . 
L. G. § 392, Obs. (A past tense may be 
used with jampridem, when the re- 
ference is emphutically to past time: 
cf. Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2, ad mortem te duci 
jampridem oportebat, where oportet 
could not have stood, since that would 
have implied a present obligation and 
intzntion on the part of the speaker : 
cf. Gk. éxpiyv-) 8. when a definite 
date is given, expr. by ante: siz months 
&., ante hos sex menses, Phaedr. 1, 1, 10 
since (conj.) : J. Temporal: 1, 
expr. by quum, with pres. ind. (when a 
thing is stell going on): it is many years 
$s. he was first in my debt [and he is so 
still], multi anni sunt quum ille in meo 
aere est, Cic. Fam. 15,14. 2, postquam 
(referring to a detinitely past event: 
with perf. ind.): you went away, 
everything has been getting worse, *post- 
quam tu discessisti, omnia pejus ire 
coeperunt (or, post discessum tuum, ete., 
using verbal subs.): cf. srxce, prep. (3). 
8. expr. by ex quo tempore: Jhave 
not received ua single letter from you s. 
you started, ex quo tempore tu pro- 
fectus es, nullae mibi litterae tuae 
allatae sunt: v. SINCE, prep. (1). Il. 
Logical: 1, quum (with subj.): s. we 
have in us reason .... it necessarily 
follows ...., quum sit in nobis con- 
silium .... necesse est ...., Cic. N. D. 
2, 31, 79: et pass. Strengthened, quippe 
quum, Nep. pref.; utpote quum, Asin. 
Poll. in Cic. Fam. ro, 32. 2. expr. by 
quippe, with pron. rel.; usu. with subj. : 
(he did not go to entertainments with 
his father), s. in fact he did not even 
comé ...., quippe qui ne .... quidem 
veniret ...., Cic. R. Am. 18, eztr.: also 
with indic., when it may usu. be ren- 
dered and in fact. Similarly, utpoté 
qui (as being one who: with indic. or 
subj.) : Cic. Ph. 5,11, 30. 3, quoéniam 
(seeing that; usu. with indic.): where- 
Jore, s. the matter has been brought to 
this issue, quapropter, q. res in id dis- 
crimen adducta est, Cic. Ph. 3, 11, 29: 
et pass. Rarely, with subj. : accordingly, 
s. he could not speak for himself, his 
brother ...., itaque q. ipse pro se dicere 
non posset, frater ...., Nep. Milt. 7. 
(in Cues. B. G. 5, 3, the subj. possent 
belongs to obliqua oratio.) 4, siqui- 
dem; v. SEEING THAT, 5, quandé- 
quidem (with indic): s. you admire 
those orators so highly, q. tu istes ora- 
tures tantopere laudas, Cic. Br. 44, 163° 
Liv. 6, also simply, quando: Quint. 
12, 8, 5 (with zndic.): Ter. 7. post- 
quam (not class. in this sense): PL 
sincere: 1, sincérus (unmized, 
unadulterated: rare in exactly sense of 
Eng.): wilh s. good faith, s. fide, Liv. 
39, 2, tnit.: a s. (honest and truthful) 
narrator, rerum gestarum pronuntiator 
s., Cic. Br. 83, 287. 9. simplex, icis 
(very like sincerus: denoting ‘he absence 
of all guile and deception): Join: 
apertus et simplex (outspoken and 
Srank), id. Rep. 3,16. 3, verus (real. 
genuine): s. and perfect friendship, Vv 
et perfecta amicitia, Cic. Am. 6, 22: Vv 
TRUE, REAL. 4, candidus (honest, 
Srank, ingenuous): s. souls, c. animae, 
Hor. S. 1, 5, 41- 5, expr. by haud 
(minime, haudquaquam) fucatus ; fucati 
nibil in se habens: V. FALSE, COUNTEB- 
FEIT. i 
sincerely: 1. sincéré: Ter.: Cic. 
Join: sincere et ex animo[dicere}, Cat. 
109, 4. 2. ex animo (from one’s 
heart): Join: eX animo ac vere 
[dicere], Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 95: ef. supr. (1). 
Similar is, ex animi sententia (to the 
best of one’s knowledge and judgment), 
a formula used in courts: Cic. Acad. 2, 
47, fin. 93, vere: v. TRULY. 4, sim- 
pliciter (usu. frankly): I and you talke 
quite s. together, ego ac tu simplicissime 
inter nos loquimur, I'ac. H. 1, 15. ¥. 
FRANELY. 5, aperté: v. FRANKLY. 
sincerity : 1, sincéritas (sownd- 
ness without admixture ; in moral sense, 
147 


8. 


SINECURE 





INTEGRITY): V. SOUNDNESS. 2, sim- 
plicitas: v. SIMPLICITY, FRANKNESS. 
Join: simplicitas, veritas, candor, 
Plin. Pan. 84, init. With s., v. SINCERELY. 

sinecure: perh. vacatio sub nomine 
officii. 

sinew: 1, nervus- Cic.: Cels.: 
to strain every s. (+t forth every 
effort), omnes n. contendere, Cic. Verr. 
Act. I, 12, 353 so, nervos intendere, 
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20. Oft. fig., s.s of war, 
nervi belli (pecunia), Cic. Ph. 5, 2, 5: 
and with ref. to vigour of style, id. Or. 
19, 62. Dimin., nervulus (playfully), 
Cic. Att. 16, 16, C. 2. perh. lacertus 
(strictly, the muscle of the upper part 
of the arm: hence, fig., nervous or mus- 
cular energy): cf. Cic. Br. 16, jin.: in 
Lysia saepe sunt lacerti (such sinewy 
vigour, force), sic ut fieri nihil possit 
valentius. 

sinewy: nervosus: Lucr.: Plin. 
Fig. = vigorous (esp. of expression): 
Cic. Br. 31, fin. S. vigour, nervi, la- 
certi: v. preced. art. 

sinful: 1, of persons only: pec- 
cator, f. -trix (L. G. § 598): s. soul, 
peccatrix anima, Prud.: s. race, p. gens, 
Tert. Or expr. by circuml. with pec- 
catum, peccare: @ Ss. race, *gens peccatis 
dedita, obnoxia: of actions: to be s., 
*peccati naturam habere: a s. intention, 
peccandi voluntas, Juv.: v. SIN, TO SIN. 

2. impius: v. IMPIOUS, WICKED. 
3. pravus- (man) by nature s., 

naturatiter pravus et vitiosus, Calv. Inst. 
2, I, extr.: V. DEPRAVED, VICIOUS, COR- 
RuPT. 4. néfas, indecl.: in such phrr. 
as, (aliquid) nefas ducere, habere: Cic. 
N. D. 3, 22, 56. 

sinfully : impié, improbé: v. wick- 
EDLY. To act very s., delictum maxi- 
mum inseadmittere; magnum piaculum 
committere: v. TO COMMIT. 

sinfulness: pravitas, impiétas, etc. : 
Vv. WICKEDNESS, 

sing: 1, cano, cécini, cantum, 3 
(used both of vocal and instrumental 
music): to s. to the (accompaniment of 


the) flute, ad tibiam c., Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, | 


3: tos. well, praeclare c., ib. 1, 2, 43 to 
s. out of tune, absurde c., ib. 2, 4, fin.: 
tos.in a wild screaming way, ululanti 


voce ¢., id Or. 8, fin. Oft. as v. trans., | 


to celebrate in song: tos. of kings and | 
battles, reges et proelia c., Virg. E. 6, 3: | 


Hor. pass. Comps.: (1). récino, 3 (no 
perf. or sup.); strictly, to s. again, to 
ccho back, as in Hor. Od. 1, 12, 3: also 
=cano: ib. 3, 28, 11 (tu curva lyra 
recines Latonam). (2). occino, 3 (to s. 





against or inauspiciously ; as inaugural | 


language): Liv. 6, 41. Also without 
any adverse sense: 0. animalia inter se 
(s. together, answering each other), Apul. 


Q. canto, 1 (strictly frequent. of cano, | 


but scarcely to be distinguished from it 
in use; unless perh. it be more confined 
to the use of the voice in singing: it is 
also used to denote a sing-song mode of 


speaking: Quint. 1, 8, 2): tos. and play | 


agreeably and skilfully, c. et psallere 
jucunde scienterque, Suet. Tit. 3: to s. 
to the accompaniment of a stringed in- 
strument, ad chordarum sonum c., Nep. 
Ep. 2. Oft. like cano, to celebrate wn 
song (with direct acc.) : Cic. Q, Fr. 2, 13: 
Hor. Comp. décanto, 1 (usu. of that 


which is sung over and over again): | 


Hor. Od. 1, 33, 3. also, to have done s.ing, 
decantavisse, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 53. Fre- 
quent., cantito, 1 (to s. frequently, be in 
the habit of s.ing)+ Cic. Br. 19,75. 3, 
cantillo, 1 (dimin. verb: to s. in @ sweet 
or warbling way: rare): Apul. 
for sing = celebrate, may be used, dico, 
celebro, memoro, etc. : Hor. 

singe: 1, Aidiro, ssi, stum, 3: to 
Ss. the beard and hair with burning 
walnut shells (in lieu of shaving), can- 
dentibus juglandium putaminibus bar- 
bam et capillum a., Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58: 
Liv. 2, ambaro, ssi, stum, 3 (to burn 
the outside of anything, without con- 
suming it) sd by the conflagration 
which destroyed his associates (fig.), in- 
eendio sociorum ambustus, Cic. Verr. 2, 
1, 27,70. Phr.. to s. a pig, suem, ex 

748 


Also | 





SINISTER 


SINK 





tenuibus lignis flammula facta, glabrare, 


Col. 12, 53, fin. 

singer : cantator, f. -trix (one in the 
habit of singing): Varr.: Mart. Or use 
impeit. part. of cano, canto (except in 
num, sing.: L. G. § 638). (N.B.—The 
part. form is correct if the sense is 
simply a person or persons at the time 
singing.) 

singing (subs.) : 1, cantus, is 
(including music of all kinds): cf. Cic. 
R. Am. 46, 134, c. vocum et nervorum 
et tibiarum: (singing and playing on 
instruments): but where the word is 
used absol., singing properly so called 
is understood: Quint. Or expr. by verb; 
esp. the gerund. : by s. (= incantation), 
cantando, Virg. E. 8, 71. 2, concentus, 
us (s. together): Ov. F. 1, 155 (volucres 
concentibus aera mulcent) . Vv. CONCERT. 

—-master: cantandi miéagister : 
but usu. magister will be definite 
enough, from the context. Or expr. by 
verb: who was your s.? quis te cantare 
docuit? v. TO TEACH. 

singing (adj.) : canOrus: V. TUNEFUL. 

single (adj.): 1, tinus, solus, uni- 
CUS: V. ONE,SOLE,ONLY. Q, singiularis, 
e (absolutely unique) : Cic. Tim. 4, med., 
mundus s. atque unigena. Phr.. there 
was not a s. soldier unwounded, nemo 
fuit omnino militum quin vulneraretur, 
Caes. (R. and A.): *nemo omnino miles 
non vulneratus est: in s. combat, vir 
unus cum viro congrediendv, Liv. 38, 
17, med. (For singuli, v. SINGLY; also, 
ONE.) 

single out “.): éligo, légo, etc. . 
V. TO PICK OUT. 

— -combat: V. SINGLE, fin. 

—-handed: Pbhr.: he stayed 
the downfal of the state, as far as it 
could be done by one man s., cadentem 
remp., quantum modo una retrahi manu 
poterat, retinuit, Sen. Const. Sap. 2, 3. 
See also SINGLY. 

—— -stick: perth. riidis, is, f. (a sort 
of staff used by soldiers and gladiators 


| for sword-exercise): Suet. Cal. 32 (ru- 


dibus batuere): Liv. : Cic. 

singly: 1, singiilatim ; also spelt, 
singillatim (sig-): Cic.: Ter. 2 expr. 
by singili, inus, sdlus: if would be more 
honourable for you to hold (the land) 
collectively than s., honestius eum vos 
universi quam singuli possideretis, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 31, 85: “whos. hast maintained 
the cause of truth” (Milton), * qui solus 
pro veritate stetisti. 

sing-song; canticum: Cic. Or. 18, 
57: Quint. 

singular: |. Of which there is 
but one: Unicus, singilaris: v. UNIQUE, 
SINGLE, ONLY. I]. Gram. term; de- 
noting but one: singilaris, e- the s. 
number, s. numerus, Quint. 1, 5, 42: Grr. 
Phr.: in the s. number, singulariter, 
Quint. 1, 5, 16. lil. Remarkable, un- 
paralleled : 1, singularis: Join: 
s. eximiaque virtus, Cic. Man. 1, fin. 

2. egrégius, eximius: v. REMARK- 

ABLE. 3. unicus: s. generosity, u. 
liberalitas, Cic. Quint. 12, fin.: he dis- 
played s. (unequalled) fidelity to his 
allies, u. fidem sociis praestitit, Fuiv. 33, 


aT: IV. Gut of the common way, 
peculiar : 1. mirabilis, e- they held 
some s. opinions, (iis) placebant m. 


quaedam, Cic. Am. 13, 45: V. STRANGE. 
2, novus, inusitatus: v. NOVEL, 
UnusuaL. Phr.: he ws a very s. person, 
ruirabiliter moratus est, id. Att. 2, 25. 
singularity; 7. ¢. the fact of being 
unique: Phr.: on account of the s. of 
the case, * quia tam nova atque inaudita 
(inusitata) res erat: s. of costume, * ves- 
titus inusitatior ac paene singularis. 
singularly: 1, tnicé: s. wncon- 
cerned, u. securus, Hor. Od. 1, 26, § 
Cic. Join: eximie et unice,Gell. 2, 
égrégié. v. REMARKABLY. 3, singu- 
lariter ( particularly, in a special man- 
ner): Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, 117 (S. diligere). 
4. mirabiliter (strangely), Cic. Att. 
2, 25. V. WONDERFULLY. 
sinister: |, /mauspicious: mali 
ominis; infaustus, ete.: v. ILL-OMENED. 
ll. Bad, unfavourable: |, sinister, 





tra, trum (unfavourable) > a s. cone 
struction (of conduct), s, interpretatio, 
Tac. Agr. 5: @ 8. rumour (implying 
something wrong), s. rumor, id. H. 2, 93. 
2, pravus (wrong): Vv. WRONG, 
vicious. Yo have s. designs, prava 
moliri : v. TO SCHEME. 
sink (subs.): sentina (oftenest used 
of the lowest part or sink in the hold of 
a ship): cf. Sall. C. 33, hi Romam sicuti 
in sentinam confluxerant. (Emissarium 
= outlet.) 
sink (v.): A, intrans.: |, Zo 
settle downwards : 1. sido, di, 3: 
(gum) s.s in water, in aqua sidit, Plin. 
12, 25,54$121: to s. into ashes (as a 
house consumed in the flames), in cineres 
s., Prop. Fig.: to s. by its own weight 
(of an empire), pessum sua mole s., Sen. 
Const. Sap. 2 (pessum = pedes versum, 
downwards). Comps. (1) consido, sédi, 
3 (Strengthened from preced., to s. down 
altogether, esp. on @ large scale): (alt 
Troy appeared) to s. doum into the 
Jlames, c. in flammas, Virg. Aen. 2, 624: 
the Alps may now (without danger) s. 
down, Alpes jam licet considant, Cic. 
Prov. 14, 34: Col. (2) désido, sédi, 3 
(to s. down ; to the bottom): Cic. Div. 1, 
35, fin.: Varr. (3) résido, sédi, 3 (fo s. 
again ; subside after rising): every gust 
of wind sank, omnis resedit flatus, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 27: opp. to surgere, Ov. Am. Tr, 
I, 27; to attolli, Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 2 (of 
the rising and s.ing of the subject of a 
poem). (4) subsido, 3: the valleys s., 
s. valles, Ov. M. 1, 43: the streams s. 
(after flood), flumina s., ib. 243: v. TO 
SUBSIDE, 2, ruo, i, ritum, 3 (¢o s. 
with violence, go suddenly to ruins: 
whereas sido and comps. denote gra- 
dual settling down): Troy s.s headlong 
Jrom its lefty height, r. alto a culmine 
Troja, Virx. Aen. 2, 290. So, corruo, 3 
(to s. all in ruins): Cic. Top. 3, 15: 
Quint. 8. collabor, lapsus, 3 (fo s. 
orefall in ruins): Liv.: Suet. Very 
oft. of persons s.ing in a@ swoon: he 
sank to the ground and lay for a long 
time half dead, collapsus diu prope in- 
termortuus jacuit, Suet. Ner. 42: Virg. 
4, when the sense is to be swal- 
lowed up, as in water, expr. by mergo, 
immergo, démergo, submergo, si, sum, 
3; either as pass. refl. or in act. with 
pron. refl.: many ships being pierced 
through s., multae naves rostris per- 
foratae merguntur, Anct. B. Alex. 46: 
Bootes s.s in the deep ocean, Boutes alto 
mergitur oceano, Cat. 65, 68- almost 
engulphed in the mud and, s.ing (deeper 
and deeper), hausti paene limo immer- 
gentesque se, Liv, 22, 2: s.ing in the 
waters of the river, demersus fluminis 


undis, Ov. M. 14, 615. Fig.: a house 
sunk in destruction, domus demersa 
exitio, Hor. Od. 3,16, 3. Phr.: the ships 


being overladen sank to the bottom, naves 
nimio onere pressas mare hausit, Tac. H. 
3, 77: V. TO SWALLOW UP. I]. Zo 
penetrate deep: descendo, di, sum, 3: 
the weapon had not sunk deep into the 
body, ferrum haud alte in corpus de- 
scendisse, Liv. t, 41. Fig., of the im- 
pression made by anything said: that 
remark sanle deeper into Jugurtha’s heart 
than .... , quod verbum in pectus Ju- 
gurthae altius quam ....descendit, Sail. 
Jug. If. Ill. Zo be in a declining 
state; go to destruction: ruo, pessum eo 
or sido, labor, etc.: v. Rum, L., Phr. See 
also supr. (1.). IV, Zo lower oneself, 
yield to indulgences: Phr.: to s.in 
indolence and sensuality, ad inertiam et 
voluptatem corporis pessum dari (or as 
one word), Sall. Jug. 1. to s. into sen- 
suality, in flagitia se ingurgitare: v. To 
PLUNGE (B ). V. To fall, decline; as 
prices: eado, 3; etc.. Vv. TO FALL (IV.). 

B. Trans.: |, To cause to go to 
the bottom: 1, déprimo, pressi, ssum, 
3: tos. a plough deep in the soil, aratrum 
d., Virg.G. 1,45 esp. to s. a ship (act 
of wav), navem d., Caes. B.C. 1, §8 . Cie. 

2. submergo, 3 (to submerge: not 
denoting, as deprimo does, a hostile act): 
he sunk a ship at the entrance of the 
harbour, faucibus portus navem sub- 














SINKING-FUND 


SITE 





mersam objecit, Caes. B. C. 3, 39: v. TO 
6UBMERGE, 3, démergo, 3 (like de- 
primo, to send to the bottom): Auct. B. 
Alex. 25 (quum triremem hostium per- 
forasset et demersisset). See also TO 
PLUNGE. I]. Zo lower: Phr.: tos. 
a well, puteum demittere “alte}, Virg. G. 
2, 231: also, p. agere [e. g. in centum 
pedes], Plin. 17, 8, 4: p. defodere, id. 
37 9. 43 (al. depressis puteis). |. To 
lower, degrade; take up completely: 
esp. in pass., to be sunk in anything: 
Phr.: the whole plebeian order was 
y sunk in debt, totam plebem aere 
alieno demersam esse, Liv. 2. 29 (v. 
DEBT): sunk in deep sleep and wine, 
somno vinoque sepultus. Virg. Aen. 2, 
265: to be sunic in grief, in moerore 
jacere, Cic. Att. 10, 4: cf. Lucr. 1, 63, 
humana quum vita jaceret .... op- 
pressa gravi sub religione, i. e. sunk 
beneath grievous superstition: sunk in 
vice, vitiis deditus; qui se in flagitia in- 
itavit, immersit: v. DEVOTED TO. 
also, TO PLUNGE (fin.). IV. Zo in- 
vest: colldco, r: v. TO INVEsT (III). 
VY, To waste, dissipate: v. TO 
SQUANDER. are 
sinking- nd: * pecunia aeri alieno 
publico solvendo collocata (?), 
sinless: expers peccati; sine pec- 
cato: Vv. SIN. 
sinner; peccator, f. -trix: Lact.: 
Serr. Eccl. Or, except in nom. sing., 
ae by imperf. part. of pecco (L. G. 
38): V. TO SIN. 
sinuosity: sinuosus flexus; volu- 
mina: v. foll. art. 
sinuous: sinudsus: s. coils (of a 
serpent), s. volumina, Virg. Aen. 11, 
753° Plin. 
sip (v.): 1, sorbillo, 1 (dimin. of 
sorbeo: to sip or swallow a little at a 
time): Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 52. 2. libo, 1 
(to take a little of ): they (the bees) s. the 
surface of the streams, summa flumina 
libant, Virg. G. 4, 54: cf. id. Aen. 1, 256, 
oscula libare, fo s. kisses. 3. dégusto, 
I: V. TO TASTE. 
Sip (subs.): expr. by verb: v. preced. 
a era a kind of soup or liquid 


siphon: sipho, nis, m.: Col. 3, 10, 
init.: Sen. Called also diabétes, ae: 
Col. Lc. 

sir: as title of respect in address: 
use, bone vir! my good sir! Ter. Andr. 
5, 2, 5; and sometimes simply, bone! 
but this latter is rather more familiar 
(my good fellow !), Hor. S. 2, 6, 95: more 
courteous still, vir optime! and pl. viri 
optimi! Cic. Am. 10, init. In address- 
ing a person of rank, or a scholar, vir 

issime! vir doctissime! may be 
used: M. L. pass. (Domine only in 
Mediaeval Latin.) 

sire; V. PARENT, FATHER. As title 
of respect: Domine! Plin. ad Traj. 

siren: sirén, énis, f.: acc.-a: Juv. 
14,19: Hor. 

sirloin; *lumbus bubulus superior. 
. sirname: V. SURNAME. 

sirocco; Auster, tri, m.: the leaden 
(fearfully epuressiee) S., plumbeus A., 

or. S. 2, 6, 18 (Orelli): called also, 
nocens corporibus A., id. Od. 2, 14, 15. 
Probably the same wind is also meant 
(Od. 3, 23, 5) by pestilens Africus. (The 
wind called Atabulus, id. S. 1, 5, 8, was 
an E. wind; now called Altino. Orell.) 

sirrah; furcifer! scélus! (R.and A.). 

sister : 1. séror: pass. Dimin. 
sororcula (little s.), v. rare: Pl. Re- 
lating to a s., sdrorius (rare): incest 
with a s., stupra s., Cic. Sext. 7, 16 
(doubtful): Ov. Murderer of a s., 
sororicida: Auct. pro Dom. 2. ger- 
mana (esp. poet.): Virg. Also soror 
germana: Cic. Mil. 27, 73. 

Sisterhood ; sdrores; sororum so- 
cietas. 


sister-in-law: glos, gloris: Dig. 

sisterly : 1. sdrdrius (rare): s. 
kisses, s. oscula, Ov. M. 4, 334. ; 
germanus (rare) ; cf. Just. 27, extr. (ger- 
manis casibus: where the word it is 
true refers to brothers; but it is equally 
applicable to both sexes). 3, more 





freq. expr. by sdror: is this s. conduct, 
*num sororem ista decent? suntne ista 
germanae sororis ? 

sit: A. Intrans,: |, Tobeina 
sitting posture: sédeo, sédi, sessum, 2: 
my loins ache with sing, lumbi sedendo 
dolent, Pl. Men. 5, 3, 1: with in and abl. 
denoting the seat: to s. in the front s.s, 
in primis sedilibus s., Hor. Epod. 4, 16; 
on a throne, in solio, Cic, Fin. 2, 21, 69. 
Also, esp. in the poets, without prep., 
e.g. solio s., Ov, Often with ref. to 
magisterial function: to s. on the tri- 
bunal (seat of judgment), pro (rather 
than in) tribunali s., Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 9 
(in tribunali sedere, of other persons oc- 
cupying the tribunal, as the assessors, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 37, init.). Comeps.: (1). 
assideo, 2 (to s. by; esp. in order to 
attend to or nurse): either absol., as 
Tac. Agr. 45 (assidente amantissima 
uxore), or with dat., as Ov. H. 20 (19), 
137, ille.... assidet aegrae: Cic. (2). 
insideo, 2 (oftener in secondary senses, 
as to be situated on, be seated or rooted 
in: also lit. in the poets): tos. upon a 
couch, toro ins., Ov. H. 20(19), 134: to s. 
(be mounted) on a horse, equo i., Liv. 7, 6, 
med. (3). [* consideo }, consédi, ssum, 2 
(to take a seat; sit down: the perfect 
and other tenses are usu. referred to 
pina Vv. TO SIT DOWN. 
2 (tos. back, in an easy position : infreq. 
in this sense): Cic. Fin. 3, 2,extr. (5). 
persédeo, 2 (to continue long sitting: 
rare): Lucr.: Liv. —[|, 0 be on session, 
as a court: 1. sédeo, 2: Cic. Clu. 38, 
it.: Liv. Also consideo (at all events 
in p. tenses): Cic. Verr. 1, 7, 19, quo 
die primum judices citati in hunc reum 
consedistis, the first day you sat on this 
case. 2, expr. by habéri (fo be held): 
while the courts were sitting, quum con- 
ventus haberentur: v. TO HOLD. ill. 
To sit idly, be inactive: sédeo, 2: to s. 
with folded hands, compressis, quod 
aiunt, manibus sedere, Liv. 7, 13. 
Strengthened: we sit idly at home, 
sedemus desides domi, id. 3, 68, med. 
Comp. désideo, 2: to s. idly in delight- 
ful scenery, amoenioribus locis d., Quint. 
Teh 16s INA e IV. Yo incubate: in- 
cabo, ui, itum, 1 (with dat.): Col: Plin. 

V. To fit; as of dress: sédeo, 2: 
Quint. 11, 3, 140 (pars togae .... ita sedet 
melius et continetur). B, Trans.: 
Phr.: to s. a horse, in equo [bene] 
haerere, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28. 

— by: assideo, 2: v. To si (A.). 

— down: |. To take one’s seat: 

1, consido, sédi, ssum, 3: let us s. 
down here in the shade, considamus hic 
in umbra, Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7: used of a 
single person no less than of a number : 
Virg. E. 7,1. Pass. impers.: they come 
to the wood and s. down, venitur ad 
silvam et considitur, Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 18. 

2. résido, 3; and résideo, 2: they s. 
down in the middle of the house, mediis 
residunt aedibus, Virg. Aen. 8, 467: let 
us s. down [at our ease], resideamus, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, extr. See also to SETTLE, 
ALIGHT. 3, assido, sédi, 3: let us s. 
down, tf you please, assidamus si vide- 
tur, Cic. Ac. I, 4, 14: to s. down upon 
@ viper, super aspidem a., id. Fin. 2, 
18, fin. (N.B—According to the an- 
cient custom of reclining at meals, the 
verbs recumbo, discumbo, are used of 
taking place at table: v. TO RECLINE.) 

Ij. Milit. ¢. ¢.; to sit down before 
a place for the sake of laying siege to it: 
circumsédev, obsideo, 2: v. TO BESIEGE, 
INVEST. 

—out: Phr.: to s. out a per- 
formance, sedere donec cantor, vos 
plaudite, dicat, Hor. A. P. 155 (fabulam 
ad finem usque spectare, R. and A.). 

— up? i.e.notgotobed: |, vigilo, 
I (keep awake, whether in bed or not): 
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47: Hor. Pervigilo, 1 
(to remain awake all night): Virg. G. 
I, 292 (hiberni ac luminis ignes per- 
Vigilat, ferroque faces inspicat acuto, s.s 
up all night so employed). 2, licubro, 
I (to work by candle-light): Liv. 1, 57: 
esp. with ref. to study: Cic. Par. prooem. 

site: situs, iis: v..stTUaTION. 





(4). résideo, 





SKELETON 





sitting (subs.) : |. The act or pos- 
ture: sessio: Cic. Off. 1, 35,128: some- 
times = s. idly: id. Att. 14,14. [J A 
8€8510N; SESSIO: V. SESSION, 

situated: 14. situs: aplaces.in 
the centre of the island, locus in media 
insula s., Cic. Verr. 4, 48: Liv.: Plin. 

2. positus: (Delos) s. in the Egean 
sea, in Aegeo mari posita, Cic. Man. 18, 
Jin. : Caes.: Liv. To be s., jaceo, 2: this 
country is s. ahove Cilicia, quae gens 
j. supra Ciliciam, Nep. Dat. 4: to be s. 
between ...., interjacere ; interjectus (v. 
TO LIE BETWEEN). Phr.: as things are 
8. (under the circumstances), e re nata, 
Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8. 
_ situation: {, Location: 1, situs, 
us: a very advantageous s. for a city, 
opportunissimus s. urbi, Cic. Rep. 2, 3: 
a city having an impregnable s., urbs 
naturali s. inexpugnabilis, Liv. 5, 6, med. 

2, positus, positiira: v. Posrrion. 

I]. Place, engagement : a lucrative 
s., *locus luculentus, munus quaes- 
tuosum, statio luculenta, Kr. (Officium, 
Stat. Cantab.) 

Six: sex; distrib. séni, ae, a: pass. 
S. times, sexies a period of s. years, 
sexennium: s. hundred, sexcenti; dis- 
trib. sexceni, Cic.; sexcenteni, Col. 

sixteen: sedécim: Caes.: Liv. Also, 
sexdecim and decem et sex, Cic. 

sixteenth: sextus decimus, Cic. 

sixtieth: sexagé@simus: Cic. 

sixty: sexaginta: distrib. sexagéni, 
ae,a: Cic.: Liv. S. times, sexagies: Caea. 
A person not less than s. years old, sexa- 
genarius, Quint. 

sizar: *sizator. 

size (subs.): |, Bulk: 1, magni- 
tudo (gen. term): of the s. of a bean, ad 
fabae m., Cels. 5, 25, 4: huge s. of bodies, 
ingens m. corporum, Caes. B.G. 1, 39. 

2, amplitido (extensiveness): the 
large s. of their horns, a. cornuum, Caes, 
B. G. 6, 29: an image of considerable s., 
modica a. simulacrum, Cic. Verr. 4, 49, 
109. (Not to be used of a small object.) 

8. moles, is, f. (enormous s.): they 
look with wonder on the huge s. of the 
horse, m. mirantur equi, Virg.: v. MASS. 

4, parvitas, subtilitas (small s., very 
minute $.): V. SMALLNESS. Phr.: of 
huge s., ingens, immanis (v. HUGE, MON- 
STROUS): of smaller, larger s., minor, 
major (Vv. SMALL, LARGE): a@ horse of the 
size of a mountain, [ad] instar montis 
equus, Virg. |}. Definite shape or 
standard of size: e.g. in small s. (of 
books), minore forma: M.L. —[|f, Glue: 
glitinum, gliiten: v. GLUE. 

size (v.): glutino inducere: v. GLUE. 

sizeable: *justa magnitudine. 

skate (subs.): |. A kind of fish: 
Taia, Plin. 9, 24, 40: * Raja batis. [The 
word batis occurs in a list of fish in 
Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 145, where others read 
batia, as in 32, 7, 25.] ||. A kind of 
ice-shoe: perh. *calceus carinatus: Kr. 
has *c, ferro suppactus, or solea ferrata. 

skate (v.): *per glaciem calceis ca- 
rinatis labi: more poet. pedibus ferratis 
ire per undas frigore concretas (cf. Ov. 
Trist. 3, 10, 32). 

skater: expr. by the v. 

skein: no equiv.: the nearest is 
perh. *spira, which is applied to a coil 
of rope, or a braid of hair. 

skeleton: 1. larva: as. modelled 
in silver, |. argentea, Petr. 34, 8. 9. 
scélétos, i, m. (axeAeros). App. Apol. 
p. 315. 8, expr. more usu. by ossa. 
the human s., ossium positus figuraque, 
Cels. 8, 1, ad init.: ossa corpori sub- 
jecta, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139: the ghostly 
Jorm of a fleshless s., larvalis habitus 
nudis ossibus cohaerens, Sen. Ep. 24, 18 
(R. and A.). Fig., of style: to imitate 
not merely the lifeless s., but the body 
itself, imitari non ossa solum sed etiam 
sanguinem, Cic. Brut. 17, 68: v. also 
FRAMEWORK. Phr.: (i.) Lit.: a s., 
corpus, Plin. 7, 16, 16: eviscerata forma 
diri cadaveris (prorsus horribilis et 
larvalis), App. Apol. p. 314, ad fin. 
(ii) Transf.: to be a mere s., vix 
ossibus haerere, Virg. E. 3, 102: macie 
suprema confici, id. Aen. 3, 590. totum 

749 


SKETCH 


SKILLED 


SKIM 





ossa atque pellem esse, PL Aul. 3, 6, 28: 
5.8, nay, ghosts of men, effigies, immo 
umbrae hominum, Liv. 21, 40.  (iii-) 
s.-key, perb. clavis Laconica, Pl. Most. 2, 
1,57: v. comm. ad loc., and Dict. Ant. 
under clavis : c. adulterinae (Sall. J. 12) 
are sham keys. 

sketch (subs.) : 1. adumbratio : 
Lit.: Vitr. 1, 2, 2 (where perspective is 
said to be “frontis et laterum absceden- 
tinm a.”). Fig.: an attempt and s., 
conatus atque a., Cic. Or. 29, 103. 74. 
descriptio (a marking out): s.s of the 
volutes, d. volutarum, Vitr. 3, 5, 8 (3, 13): 
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138: v. PLAN. Fig.: @ 
brief plain s., brevis et aperta d., id. 
Inv. 2, 18, 55. 3. déformatio: a s., 
d. grammatica, Vitr. 3, praef., 4: Vv. 
DRAUGHT. 4, expr. by forma, linea- 
menta, etc. v. OUTLINE, PLAN, DIAGRAM. 
(N.B.—Informatio in Vitr. 4, 6, 6, is dub. : 
in formationibus, al.) Phr.: a mere s. 
of glory, adumbrata imago gloriae, Cic. 
Dusc3 502,035 

sketch (v.) : 1, adumbro, 1 (to s. 
tn black and white, to outline ; opp. to 
exprimere): Lit.: Val. Max. 8, 11, 7: 
Quint. 
heroes in @ speech, heroum casus a. di- 
cendo, Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 194: to s. the 
outlines and features of eloquence, elo- 
quentiae speciem et formam a., id. Or. 
14, 43. 9. describo, psi, ptum, 3 (to 
draw): to s. figures in the dust, d. 
formas in pulvere, Liv. 25, 31. Fig.: 
to s. out a subject, rem breviter d., Cic. 
Inv. 5, 8, 11: V.DRAW, DELINEATE. 3, 
délineo, 1: to s. a figure on the wall with 
charcoal, carbone imaginem in pariete d., 
Plin. 35, 10, 36 ¢ 89. 4, déformo, 1: 
to s. and colour plans for a building, 
exemplaribus pictis speciem operis d., 
Vitr.1,1,4. 5, désigno, 1: v. TRACE, 
PLAN. Phr.: tos. the outline of aman, 
umbram hominis lineis circumducere, 
Plin. 35, 3, 5 (where to shade the s. is 
“‘spargere lineas intus”); so, lineas 
extremas umbrae circumscribere, Quint. 
10, 2,7: she s.’d the shadow of his face 
thrown by the lamp on the wall, umbram 
ex facie ejus ad lucernam in pariete 
lineis circumscripsit, id. 35, 12, 43. 

sketch-book; * liber descriptionum, 
descriptionibus aptus. 

sketching (subs.): expr. by gra- 
phidis scientia, Vitr. 1, 1, 4: graphice, 
és, f.: Plin. 35, 10, 36 $77 (where he 
adds, hoc est pictura): so perh. pictura 
linearis, id. ib. 3, 5: v. DRAWING. 

skewer (suvbs.): nearest equiv. veru- 
ctilum (a little spit). 

skewer (v-): * veruculis configere. 

skid; sufflamen, inis, n.: Juv.: v. 
DRAG. 

skiff: 1, scapha: a two-oared s., 
biremis s., Hor. Od. 3, 29, 62: Cic. : Caes. 
Dimin.: scaphila: Veg. 2. cymba 
(mostly poet.: esp. of Charon’s s.): a 
number of s.s, multitude cymbarum, 
Cic. Off. 3, 14,58. Virg. Dimin.: cym- 
bila, Plin. Ep. 8,20. 8, linter, tris, f. 
(once m. in Tibull.; prop. a barge or 
canoe): Vell. 2, 107, I (as syn. of alveus, 
and navicula). Dimin. : lintricilus, Cic. 
Att. 10,10. 4, lénunciilus: Caes. B.C. 
2,43: Tac. (It is a dimin. of lembus, 
a pinnace or cutter: Prud. has lem- 
bilus.) 5, navictila: Cic. Acad. 2, extr. 
The forms navicella and naucella occur 
in the Dig.: hence, to sail in a s., 
nauculari, Mart. 3, 20, 20. 6, navi- 
gidlum: Lentul. in Cic. Fam. 12, 15, 2. 

7, boridla (dimin. of héria, a smacic): 
Pl. Trin. 4, 2, 100. 8, aiveus: Virg. 
Aen. 6, 412: Vell. 9, actuaridlum 
(a small swift rowing boat): Cic. Att. 
16, 3, ad fin. 10, ratis, is, f. (prop. 
a raft: the poet. term): Catul.: Virg. 
11, navia (@ canoe): Mela, 3, 7. 

Phr.: @ s., navigium minutum, Cic. 
Att. 16,1: he does not see a single s., 
scalmum nullum videt, id. Off. 3, 14, 59. 

skilful 1, sollers, tis (also solers: 

ekiful abl. in i, once € in Ov.: 
constr. with abl. after in: poet. with 
gen. or infin.): the works of provident 
and s. nature, opera providae sollertis- 
que naturae, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: a 

50 


painter s. in his art, pictor & in arte, 
Plin. 35, 11, 40 § 142: the Muse s. in the 
lyre, Musa lyrae s., Hor. A. P. 407. 

2. péritus (experienced : constr. with 
gen., abl., or inf.: the rarer constr. are 
abl. with in or de, acc. with ad or 
simple acc.) : very s. generals, peritissimi 
duces, Cues. B. C. 3, 73: s. in the art of 
war, rei militaris p., id. B. C. 3, 61: 
who is more s. un law ? quis jure peritior ? 
Cic. Clu. 38, 107 (where p. judiciorum 
follows in the same pass.); id. Fontei. 
15, 33: S. in singing, p. cantare, Virg. E. 
10, 32. 3, eriiditus (prop. a part., 
accomplished : constr. with abl., rarely 
inf. or simple acc.): s. in foreign arts, 
e. transmarinis artibus, Cic. Rep. 2, 15: 
most s. in the knowledge of the civil law, 
disciplina juris eruditissimus, id. de Or. 
I, 39, 180: Hermes, s. in all sorts of 
weapons, Hermes omnibus e. armis, 
Mart. 5, 24, 2. 4, exercitatus (prac- 
tised: constr, with im and abl.): Cic. 
Phil. 6, 6,17: V. PRACTISED. §, doctus 
(learned: constr. with gen., acc. with 
or without ad, abl. with or without in, 
or inf.: esp. freq. in poet.): maiden 


Fig.: to s. the misfortunes of | more s. in song than Sappho the muse, 


Sapphica puella Musa doctior, Catul. 35, 
17: most s. in speaking, fandi doctis- 
sima, Virg. Aen. 10, 225: thes. hand of 
an artist, d. manus artificis, Tib. 1, 8, 
12: Hor.: Cic. 6. sciens, ntis (expert 
in: constr. with gen.: in poet. with 
| inf.): aman most s. in ruling the state, 
vir regendae reipublicae scientissimus, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214: s. in managing a 
steed, flectere equum s., Hor. Od. 3, 7, 25- 
7, scitus (syn. of preced.): a s. host, 
s. convivator, Liv. 35, 49: (sciens Sthe- 
nelus pugnae, in Hor. Od. 1, 9, 25, is 
explained by scitus pugnandi in Quint. 
Q, 3, 10). 8. pridens, ntis (knowing, 
having an insight into: constr. with 
gen. or in and abl.): a nation most s. in 
flattery, adulandi gens prudentissima, 
Juv. 3, 86: s. in civil law, p. in jure 
civili, Cic. Am. 2, 6 yor which in Dig. 
juris p., or absol., p.). 9, gnarus 
(knowing : constr. with a gen., a relat. 
clause, acc. or acc. and inf.): s. in arms 
and warfare, armorum et militiae g., 
Col. 1, praef., 4: Cic. Or. 4, 15. ; 
ingéniosus (of good natural capacity : 
constr. with abl. with or without in: 
rarely acc. after ad or in): a very s.man, 
homo ingeniosissimus, Cic. Mur. 30, 62. 
Join: i. et eruditus, id. Att. 14, 20: 
Vv. CLEVER. 1], dexter, tra, trum; 
less freq. -téra, -térum (handy): Liv.: 
Vv. DEXTERKOUS. 12, habilis (handy: 
constr. with abl. with or without im: 
inf. in poet.): there are some so s. in 
the same things that ...., sunt quidam 
ita in iisdem rebus habiles ut ...., Cic. 
de Or. 1, 25, 115: a nation s. in horse- 
manship, gens equis h., Liv. 24, 48. 
13. artificidsus (accomplished in 
art): Nature is not only s. but clearly 
an artist, natura non a. solum, sed plane 
artifex, Cic. N. D.2, 22,58. 14, artifex, 
icis (prop. a swbs.: constr. with gen. or 
absol.): a soldier s. in beheading, miles 
decollandi a., Suet. Cal. 32: his s. style, 
a. ut ita dicam stilus, Cic. Brut. 25, 96: 
s. hands, a. manus, Ov. M. 15, 218. 
15, bonus (good): a very s. car- 
penter, optimus faber tignarius, Cic. Brut. 
73, 2575 V- GOOD, ABLE. 16. faber, 
bra, brum (workmanlike): the talent of 
his s. art, ingenium fabrae artis, Ov. M. 
8,159: App. (The comp. affaber occurs 
in Symm., and Cic. has the adv.) até 
callidus (shrewd, worldly wise : constr. 
with gen. or poet. infin.): s. in war, 
c. rei militaris, Tac. H. 2, 31: @ s. col- 
\ twenties (of words), ¢. junctura, Hor. 
A. P. 47: nothing can be more s. than 
nature, natura nihil potest esse callidius, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142. Join: versutus 
et c., id. ib. 3, 10,25 (q.v.). 18, catus 
@ stronger word than prudens, v. Cic. 
eg. I, 16, 45): V. SAGACIOUS, CUNNING. 
19, graphicus (exquisite): as. thief, 
g. fur, Pl. Trin. 4, 3, 17. Phr.: the 
Gauls are s. in the pursuit of augury, 
| Galli augurandi studio praeter caeteros 
' callent, Just. 24, 4. 











skilfully: 1. sollerter: no one 
cultivated gardens more s., nemo coluit 
hortos sollertius, Ov. M. 14, 624: Cic.: 
Tac. 2. périte: Join: p. et cal- 
lide, Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 48. 8, scienter: 
they s. divide themselves into two parts, 
s. in duas partes sese distribuunt, Caes. 
B. C. 1, §5: Cic. 4, dextére, dextre, 
no one has availed himself of his good 
Jortune more s., nemo dexterius fortuna 
est usus, Hor. S. 1, 9, 45: Liv. 5. 
scite: accounts s. made out, rationes s. 
perscriptae, Cic. Pis. 25, 61: Liv.: PI. 
6, habiliter (handily): to carry a 
shield s., scutum h, ferre, Liv. Epit. 57. 
7, affabre (artistically): a deity s. 
sculptured, deus a. factus, Cic. Verr. Act. 
I, 5, 14. (He does not use the adj.: 
fabre occurs in Pl., fabriliter in Prud.) 
8. callide (shrewdly): to speak s. 
and acutely, c. arguteque dicere, Cic. Or. 
28,98. Phr.: he managed the matter 
so s. that..., rem ita dexter egit ut..., 
Liv. 8, 36: vessels s. made for that pur- 
pose, fabrefacta ad id navigia, id. 37, 27 
s. made figures of oxen, artifices boves, 
Prop. 2, 23,8: s. devised fables, peritae 
fabulae, Auson. Epist. 16, 92: the s. 
adjusted construction of the heavenly 
bodies, natura stellarum machinata, 


Vitr. 10, 1, 4. 

ee 1, sollertia (sol- 

skill: ertia: the most gen. 
term): no art can imitate the s. of 
nature, nulla ars imitari s. naturae 
potest, Cic. N. D. 1, 33,92: in this mat- 
ter there is so much knowledge and s., 
in hac re tanta inest ratio atque s., id. 
Rep. 1, 16. 2. péritia (s. derived 
Srom experience): s. in law, p. legum, 
Tac. A. 4,58: Join: p. et ars, id. H. 
4, 30. 3. scientia (knowledge : constr. 
with im and abl., rarely de): s. in 
stirring the emotions, in affectibus mo- 
vendis s., Quint. 10, 2, 27: s. im chasing 
s. coelandi, Plin. 34, 9, 18, ad fin. 4, 
ars, tis, 7. (s. acquired and exercised in 
any trade or calling): by the divine s. 
of Pallas, divina Palladis arte, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 15: wondrous s., mira a., Catul. 
64, 51: Ov. Her. 5, 103. (N.B.—manus, 
opus, denote the workmanship: intel- 
ligentia, s. in judging, discrimination, 
taste: v. ART.)  §, artificium (artistic 
s.): made with the greatest s., summo a. 
factus, Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 46: a remarkable 
S., a. quoddam singulare, id. ib. 4, 40, 87: 
Join: a. quoddam et scientia, Caes. 
B.G.7,29. 6, dextéritas (rare: tact): 
s. of natural disposition, ingenii d., Liv. 
28, 18. 7, ingénium (talents, parts) : 
to exercise one’s s. on manifold and 
varied subjects, i. exercere multiplici 
variaque materia, Quint. 2, 4, 20: Cic.: 
V.CLEVERNESS. 8, Calliditas (shrewd- 
NSS): V. CUNNING, SHREWDNESS. i 
pridentia (knowledge, insight): pro- 
Sessions in which there is greater s., artes 
quibus inest p. major, Cic. Off. 1, 42, 


151. 
skillet: the nearest words are pult- 
arius (a vessel for hot drinks), Plin. 4, 
53, 54: cucimella (a little kettle), Dig. 
More vaguely, olla, v. Por: vascilum, 
V. VESSEL. 
skim (v.): |, To remove the scum : 
1, despumo, 1: to s. the water of 
the caldron, d. undam aeni, Virg. G. 1, 
296: to s. the pot, carnes d., Plin. 9, 38, 
62. 2, déhaurio, hausi, haustum, 4: 
to s. off the oil-lees, d. amurcam, Cat. 
R. R. 66, 2. Phr.: to s. anything, 
ligula purgare aliquid, Col. 9, 15, 135 
florem (alicujus) haurire, “Plin. 21, 14, 
49- I]. To pass rapidly over : a | 
percurro, curri or cucurri, cursum, 3 
(to run over): to s. over the standing 
corn, stantes p. aristas, Ov. M. 10, 655: 
portions which I have merely s.’d over, 
partes quas modo percucurri, Cic. de Or. 
3, 14, 52: S. it rapidly over with the eye, 
veloci percurre oculo, Hor. 8. 2, 5, 55- 
Q. transcurro, curri or cucurri, cur- 
sum, 3: to run over a portion of the 
work, t. partem operis, Quint. 9, 3, 89: 
Sen. 8. perstringo, nxi, ictum, 3 (f0 
graze): to pass slightly and merely §. 
over each point, leviter transire ac tan- 





r 
ts 











SKIMMER 





SKIRMISH 


summodo p. unamquamque rem, Cic. , aiicui pellem, Ov. M. 3, 52: Phaedr 4, 


Rosc. Am. 32, 91: V. GRAZE, TOUCH 
UPON. 
of preced.): the bird s.’d over the sur- 
face of 


4, stringo, nxi, ictnm, 3 (syn. | lire, Pl. Epid, 1, 1,94: v. FLAY. 


I, 7: Hor.: com. virgis dorsum depo- 
Il. 
To cover urtth a s.: Phr. tos. overa 


é waves, stringebat summas | wound, cicatricem inducere, Cels. 7, 28; 


ales undas, Ov. M. 11, 733: hence, stric- | ducere, Liv. 29, 32; obducere, Cic. Agr. 


tim, adv.: Vv. CURSORILY, SUMMARILY. 

5, rado, si, sum, 3 (to shave: only 
in poet.): he s.s along his airy path, 
radit iter liquidum, Virg. Aen. 5, 217: 
to s. over the sea without wetting the 
Feet, sicco passu freta r., Ov. M. 10, 654. 
Phr.: to s. along the surface of the 
sand, summam pede libare arenam, Ov. 
M. 10, 653: to s. along the waves on 
light wheels, rotis tevibus summas per- 
labi undas, Virg. Aen. 1, 147. 


skimmer: 1. ligiila or lingiila: 
Vv. LADLE. 2. trua: Titin. in Non.: 
Varro. 


skim-milk: perh. *lac cui flos est 
haustus; there is no authority for the 
M. L. lac defloratum. 

skimming: |. The act of re- 
moving scum: expr. by a verb: de- 
spumatio: Tert. Il. The act of pass- 
ing lightly over: 1, percursio: Cic. 
de Or. 3, 53, 202 (al. praecisio). 2d 
transcursus, tis: Vell. 2, 55, 1. 

skin (subs.) : 1, ciitis, is, £ (prop. 
the s.of a human being): the surface of 
the s., summa c., Cels. 5, 28,17: a thicker 
and harder s., crassior callosiorque c., 
Plin. 11, 39, 92 (see below No. 5): said of 
# serpent, Ov. M. 3,64. Dimin.: ciiticiila 
(the thin external s.): Juv. 11, 203: 
Pers. Hence also the adj. intercus, 
ciitis (between the s.): Cic. 2, pellis, 
is, f. (s. of a beast: rarely of a human 
being, and then only when it is coarse 
from age, sickness, etc.: hence the aged 
have “deformem pro cute pellem,” Juv. 
Io, 192: the older word was scortum, 
Varr, L. L. 9, 5, 96): a dark s., p. atra, 
Ov, M. 3, 64: a wrinkled s., p. rugosa, 
Phaedr. 1, 24, 4: @ goat-s., p. caprina, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 82: to dress s.s, p. per- 
ficere, Plin. 24, 11, 56: hence p.=a s.- 
garment ; to wear s.s, pellibus uti, vestiri, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 215 5, 143 p. gerere, Tac. 
G 19. to cast the s. (of a snake), p. 
ponere, Ov. M. 7, 237: to be all s. and 
bones, ossa atque p. esse, Pl. Capt. 1, 2, 
26: V. SKELETON. Jimin.: pelliciila: 
Cic. Mur. 36, 75. 3, tergum or ter- 


back, hide): a great part of the Scythians 
wear s.s, magna Scytharum pars tergis 
induitur, Sen. Ep. 90, 16: Cels. 7, 25, 2: 
Vv. HIDE. 4, corium (hide, esp. when 
prepared for use): the tender s. is hard- 
ened into a hide, cutis tenella duratur 
in corium, App. M. 3, p. 139, ad jin.: 
V. LEATHER: com. also of a man’s s., as 
we say, “hide,’ Pl. Rud. 4, 3, 73. In); 
callum (or callus, Cels.: s. hardened by 
labour or exposure): Cic. Tusc. 5, 32,90. 
6, membrana: v. MEMBRANE, RIND: 
@ scaly s., squamea m., Ov. M. 7, 272. 
Dimin.: membraniila, Cels.: mem- 
branulum, App. 7, ‘tiinica (a coating, 
as to cast its s., ponere t., Lucr. 
4, 56 (58) (of the cicala): of the mem- 
brane of the eyes, Cels. 7, 7, 14: so teo 
dimin., tunicula, Plin. 26, 12, 76. 8. 
in poet. a s. stripped from a beast is 
extiviae or spolium: Virg. Aen. 2, 473: 
Oy. M. 9, 113: or is called by the name 
of the beast itself: as, leo=a lion’s s., 
Mart. 9, 43, 1. Phr.: (i.) made of s.s, 
ilicius, Lampr. Ant. Heliog. 4, ad fin. : 
ig.; membranaceus, or -cius, Plin. 10, 
61, 81: clad in s.s., pellitus, Liv.: Cic. : 
to cover a jar with s., pelliculo, Col, 12, 
39, 2: like a s., membranaceus, Plin. 16, 
31,55: a fawn-s., nebris, idos, f., Stat. 
Ach. 1, 609: a sheep-s., mastriica, Cic. 
Fragm. (a Sardinian word, whence ma- 
Strucatus): @ s. garment, scortea vestis, 
Sen. N.Q.4, 6,2. (ii.) near is my shirt 
nearer is my S., tunica propior pallio 
est, Pl. Trin. 5, 2, 30: to get off with a 
whole s., tecto latere abscedere, Ter. 
Heaut. 4, 2, 5. 
skin (v.): |, Zo remove the s.: 
‘degliibo, no pf., ptum, 3. to s. a fish, 
d. piscem, Pl. Poen. 5, 5, 33: more freq. 
expr. by a phr.: deripere, detrahere 


| 








3, 2,45 contrahere, Plin, 12, 17, 32: v. 
SCAR. 

skin-deep: but it is merely s., sed 
id leve et quod summam cutem stringat, 
Sen. Ep. 72, 5: V. SUPERFICIAL, 

skin-flint: /e is a regular s., pumex 
non aeque est aridus atque hic est senex, 
Pl. Aul. 2, 4, 18 (Ainsworth). 

skinny ; no good equiv.:; perh. best 
expr. by ossa atque pellis (skin and 
bones, when denoting an extreme degree 
of leanness): vy. SKELETON ; sometimes 
by macer, vy. LEAN: or rigosus, v. 
WRINKLED: viétus (also dissyll., Hor. 
Ep. 12, 7): V. SHRUNKEN, WITHERED: @ 
s. hand, ossea manus, Juv. 5, 53: Vv. 
Bony: S. legs, arida crura, Ov. A. A. 3, 
272 F Hor.: a s, wife, lignea conjux, Cat. 
23, 6. 
skip (v.): |, To leap, frisk: 1, 
exsulto, 1: the sing beasts, pecora ex- 
sultantia, Plin. 18, 35, 88: Cic. Fig.: 
if short syllables are repeated for any 
length of time they s., breves syllabae si 
continuantur exsultant, Quint. 9, 4, 91; 
108. 2, subsulto, 1: you s., I can 
scarcely stand, tu subsultas, ego vix 
adsto, Pl. Capt. 3, 4, 104. Fig. : Quint. 
II, 3, 43. (N.B—transulto, is to leap 
across: praesulto, to dance in f701t.) 

8. lascivio, 4: the lamb s.s along 
in flight, agnus lascivit fuga, Ov. M. 7, 
321: Col. 4, iuxiirio, 1: the cattle 
sport and s. in the meadows, ludit in 
pratis l.que pecus, Ov. F. 1, 156: Virg.: 
Col. Phr.: the mare s.s about, ludit 
equa exsultim, Hor. Od. 3, 11, 10: to 
run s.ing down, subsultim decurrere, 
Suet. Aug. 83: (so assultim, by leaps, 
Plin. 11, 24, 28). Il. 70 pass over: 
1, transilio, ui or ivi, 4: lest my 

speech should s. over one thing, ne oratio 
mea transiliat unam rem, Cic. Phil. 2, 
34, 84: Ov. 2. praetéreo, ii, itum, 4: 
V. PASS OVER, OMIT. 

skip (subs.): saltus, tls: v. LEAP; 
a s., pernix s., Plin. 9, 47, 71. 


skipper: 1. navicilarius (prop. 


| an adj.: also in Cic. as such): Cic. Fam. 
gus, Oris, n. (prop. the covering of the | 


16, 9, 4. 2, nauclérus (vavxAnpos) : 
Pl. Mil. 4, 4, 41: hence adj. nauclericus 
or nauclerius, Pl. 8, ddminus, mi- 
gister navis, Nep. Them. 2, 8,6: Ulp. 
Dig. 14, 1, 1. 

skipping: exsultatio: childish s., 
puerilis e., Col. 7, 3, 18. 
-rope: *resticila, quam <ircum 
se agentes transultant puellae (sive 
pueri). 

skirmish (subs.): |. Lit.- 1, 
most usu. expr. by a phr.- leve certa- 
men, Liv. 22, 21, et pass.: praelium leve, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 36: or parvum, Liv. 1, 
54: or parvulum, Cases. B. G. 2, 30: 
pugna velitaris, Fest.: concursatoria, 
Amm. 16, 9, 1: unimportant s.s, parva 
momenta levium certaminum, Liv. 22, 
12: to engage in 5.s., praeliis parvulis 
cum hoste contendere, Caes. B. G. 2, 30. 
(N.B.—all these expr. are opposed to 
justa, recta pugna, justa acies, collatis, 
infestis signis pugnare.) 9. concur- 
satio; soldiers better in a s. than at close 
quarters, miles melior concursatione 
quam comminus, Curt. 8, 14, 24. Plane. 
in Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 2. (N.B.—procur- 
satio is a@ charge, onset, joined to levia 
certamina, Liv. 23, 40; excursatio is a 
sally.) 8. pugniciila: Cato acc. to 
Perott. ad Mart. 7, 9. ij. Fig.: iB 
proltisio: but if you are powerless in 
this s., what may you suppose you will 
be in the battle ? sin in hac p. nibil fueris 
quem te in ipsa pugna fore putemus? 
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47 (R. and A.). 

2. praeliisio (rare): Join: pug- 

nae quasi p. atque praecursio, Plin. Ep. 
6,13. Phr.: this is as it were the first 
s. of light-armed troops in our speech, 
haec tanquam levis armaturae prima 
orationis excursio, Cic, Div. 2, 10, 26. 


skirmish (v.): 1, expr by phr.: 














SKY 


to s., praelia levia conserere, Curt. 8, 13, 
12: praeliis parvulis cum hoste contend- 
ere, Caes. B. G. 2, 30: v. preced. art. 
(N.B.—procurso is prop. to sally out, to 
make attacks, Liv. 27, 2.) 2. con- 
curso, 1: Liv. 28, 2. 3, vélitor, 1 (to 
act as light-armed soldiers: usu. fig): 
a contest in which you used to 8., cer- 
tatio qua tu velitabaris, Cic. Quint. 22, 
73: App. | 
i 


8 her : 
light-armed man): Liv. 26, 4. 2: 
férentarius: Sall. Cat. 60: Tac. 3. 
rorarius: Liv. 8, 8: v. Dict. Antiq. 
under Army. 4. concursator (used 
also as adj.: opp. to statarius): Liv. 27 
18.  §, procursator: Liv. 42,64. 6, 
excursator: Amm. 24, I, 2. 

skirret: sium or sion (water-pars- 
mep): Plin. 22, 22, 41: *sium sisarum, 
Linn. 

skirt (subs.): if of a dress, limbus, 
V. BORDER: more exactly, *pars vestis 
inferior: garments with very long s.s, 
talaria (sc. vestimenta), Ov. M. 10, 591: 
a fashionable robe with a wide-spread s. 
was cyclas, adis, Juv. 6. 259: in a wider 
sense Ora, V. EDGE, OUTSKIRTS. 

skirt (v.): tango, tétigi, tactam, 3; 
V. BORDER, ADJOIN, EDGE. 

skittish: |, Timid: tim{dus, tré- 
pidus: v. TIMID, sHY. \|. Wanton: 
lascivus : Vv. WANTON, FRISKY- 


skittishly, skittishness: v. pre- 
ced. art. 


skittle: *trunculus lusorius (?): 

Kr. gives conus, metula, which does 
not express the correct shape of a s.]: 
to play at s.s, globis petere, dejicere t. L ; 
a s.-ground, * area (with a suitable con- 
text). 

skulk: délitesco, tui, 3: she s’d and 
knelt down, delituit flexumque genu 
summisit, Ov. M. 4, 340. Fig.: tos, 
behind their authority, in eorum aucto- 
ritate d., Cic. Acad. 2, 5, 15: Vv. LURK, 
HIDE. 

skull: 1, calvaria (whether of 
men or beasts): to break, split the s., 
c. frangere, findere, Cels. 8, 4 (Calvarium 
occurs in App. M. 3, 137: battered s.s, 
truncac.). Calva in Liv. =a bald scalp. 

2. expr. sometimes by other words; 

esp. caput, itis (head) : to break one’s s,, 
c. dirumpere, Pl. Bac. 3. 3, 37: fissile c. 
habere, id. Aul. 3, 2, 26: to drink out of 
s.s, bibere in ossibus capitum, Flor. 3, 
42: §, testa: Auson. 

skull-cap: piledlus: Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 
15: Col. Pileus also denotes an egg- 
shaped felt cap, v. Dict. Ant. 


véles, Itis (@ 


skunk: * viverra putorius, Gm.: 
mephitis, Cuv. 
sky: 14, coelum (pl. coeli only in 


Lucr. and eccl. Lat.): a clear s., c. se- 
renum, Virg. G. 1, 260: the silent s., 
c. tacitum, id. Aen. 3, 515: @m over- 
cast s., c. obscurum, Hor. Od. 1, 7, 15: 
nubibus obscuratum, Sall. J. 383; nu- 
bilum, Plin. 16, 26, 46; @ rainy s. 
c. pluvium, Varr. RK. R. 1, 13, 25 imbri- 
bus foedum, Tac. Agr. 12: a damp 
and gloomy s., c. humidum et caligi- 
nosum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43: the open s., 
c. liberum, Sen. Trang. 17, 8: Vv. AIR; 
the vault of the s., coeli convexa, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 451: the blue vault of the s., 
coeli coerula templa, Enn. Ann. 1, 167: 
From every quarter of the s., ab omni 
coeli parte, Curt. 8, 4, 3: the hue of the 
s., color coeli, Juv. 14, 294: the s. glows, 
c. splendescit, Ov. Pont. 2, To, 23. the 
appearance of the s. on fire, coeli ar- 
dentis species, Liv. 43, 13: the s. seemed 
to be rent asunder, c. findi visum velut 
magno hiatu, id. 22, 1. we live under 
different s.s, dividimur coelo, Ov. Pont. 
1,5, 73. Prov.: aline of battle which 
seems as tf it had fallen from the s.s, 
acies velut coelo demissa, Liv. 22, 29° 
so, de coelo delapsus, Cic. Manil. 14, 41 
what if the s, were to fall? quid si nune 
c.ruat? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3,41. Fig.: to 
extol to the ss, in c. ferre, Cic. Phil. 4, 
3, 6: coelo exaequare, Lucr. 1, 79: coelo 
tenus extollere, Just. 12, 6: J am in 
the s.s, in coelo sum, Cic, Att. 2, 9: v. 
HEAVEN,CLIMATE. 2, expr. by an adj.: 
751 


SKY-BLUE 








expr. the state of the s.: purum (a clear 
g.), Hor. Od. 1, 34, 73 80, serenum, Liv. 
31, 12: sudum, Virg. Aen. 8, 5293 Cic. 5 
altum (the lofty s.), Virg. Aen. 1, 2973 
Plin. Ep. 6, 16; nubilum (an overcast s.), 
Suet. Ner. 13; this is esp. common with 
divum or dium; wnder the open s., sub 
divo, Cic, Verr. 1, 19, 51° sub dio, Plin. 
Ep. 6, 16: (adj.: subdialis, Plin.: Vitr. 
uses hypaethrus). 3, aether, Eris, m. 
(acc, aethera: the wpper, purer air): 
the earth, s., sea, terra, a., pontus, Lucan 
1, 525: the starry s., signifer a., Lucr. 6, 
481: V AIR, ETHER. 4, expr. some- 
times by nubes. alti nubium tractus, 
Hor Od. 4, 2, 29: or, esp. in fig. sense, 
astra, sidera, v. STARS: to laud to the s.8, 
tollere, ferre ad astra, id. S. 2,7,29- Cic.: 
Virg.: Z shall tower to the 8.5. sidera 
vertice feriam, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 36: Ov. 
5, the poets use polus, axis, for the 

whole s.. the lofty s.s, arduus axis, 
Lucan 5, 632; Virg. Aen. 4,7: Ov.: or 
Olympus, Virg. G. 1, 450. Phr.: the 
vault of thes.s, convexa superum, Lucan 
5, 632: Virg.- the s., aetheria plaga, id. 
Aen. x, 394: under the open s., aprico 
Lare, Prop. 4 (5), To, 18. 

sky-blue; caertleus (or in poet. 
caerilus); Cic. Virg. 

skyey: caelestis, v. HEAVENLY: ethér- 
ius, V. ETHERIAL. 

sky-lark: dlauda: v. LARK. 

sky-light; expr. by words denoting 
a window: more exactly, * fenestra tecto 
indita, after Pl. Rud. 1, 1, 6. fenestrula, 
App. M. 9, p. 237, or fenestrella, Col. : 
lumen may also be used, Vitr. 5, 10, 5: 
cf. 6, 6, 6-7: the lights from above in 
the Roman catacombs are termed lumi- 
oariaz Kr. gives *fenestra quae est in 
tecto. 

slab: no exact equiv.: it may be 
expr. by (i) crusta (a thin slice of 
marble, etc., used to face a building): 
to cover the walls with s.s of marble, 
parietes crusta operire, Plin. 36, 6, 7: 
s.s of Numidan marble, c. Numidicae, 
Sen. Ep. 86, 6: cf. id. Ben. 4, 6, 2: (il.) 
abacus (the flat square stone on the 
top of a column), Vitr. 3, 5, 5 (3, 10): 
(iii) less precisely by quadra (@ square 
stone); tabtila (a votive s., tablet) ; 
tesséra (a small s. used in pavements). 

slabber: v- SLAVER. 

slack (adj.): |. Loose: 1, ré- 
missus (prop. apart.: opp. to contentus) : 
a s. bow, r. arcus, Hor. Od. 3, 27, 67: 
when our muscles are s., remissis cor- 
poribus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54: V- UNBENT, 
UNSTRUNG. Q, laxus: as. rope, |. funis, 
Hor. S. 2, 7, 20: as. bow, 1. arcus, Virg. 
Aen. 11, 874: s. reins, 1. habenae, Cic. 
Am. 13, 45 (fig.): v. Loose. 3, fluxus 
( flowing leosely): 4 s. rein, f. habena, 
Liv. 38, 29: weapons hanging s, f. arma, 
Tac. H. 2, 99- 4, fluidus* s. arms, 
f. lacerti, Ov. M. 15, 231: Liv. 34, 47- 
Phr.: as. bow, mollis arcus, Ov. H. 4, 
92: s. reins, jacentia lora, id. M. 2, 201 
(hanging on the horse’s neck): s. sails, 
languida carbasa, Lucan §, 421: flaccida 
vela, App. Il. Remiss, backward : 

1, rémissus (esp. freq. in comp. de- 

gree): to be of as. and languid disposi- 
tion, r. ac languido esse animo, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 24: rather s. in seekung, re- 
missior in petendo, Cic. Mur. 26, 52: 
Sall.: Hor. 9, dissdlitus, laxus* v. 
LAX. 3, piger, gra, grum (reluctant) : 
arace very s. in military service, gens 
pigerrima ad militaria opera, Liv. 21, 25: 
so also segnis. V.SLOW, SLUGGISH. 4, 
negligens, ntis, or indiligens, ntis, v. 
NEGLIGENT, Phr.: to be s. in corre- 
spondence, pigrari scribere, Cic. Att. 14, 
1; cessatorem esse in literis, id. Fam. 
9, 17, ad fin.: to be s., flaccescere, lan- 
guescere, V. FLAG, DROOP, LANGUISH: 
buszness is s., * languescent negotia. 

slack bow |. Vo loosen: 1, 

slacken § ~ ‘ rémitto, misi, missum, 
3. to tighten or s. the reins, habenas vel 
adducere vel r., Cic. Am. 13, 45 (fig.): 
vV. LOOSEN. Q, rélaxo, 1: Vv. RELAX, 
UNBEND [{. Zo lessen: minuo, 1: 
Vv. DIMINISH: fo s. one’s pace, gradum 
(suum) m., Quint. 2, 3, 7- Ml. In- 

152 


A 


1 
trans.: to abate: trans. usu. by pass. 














SLANDER 


SLAUGHTER 





vbs., such as remitti, minui, v. ABATE, 
DIMINISH, DECREASE 


slackly: |. Loosely: 1, laxe. 
V. LOOSELY. 9. expr. more freq. by 
adj. I}. Remissly : 1, dissolute : 
vy. LAXLY, 9, negligenter: v. NEGLI- 


GENTLY. (N.B.—Remisse is used by Cic. 
for “gently, mildly”: fluxe occurs only 
in Amm.) 
slackness : |, Looseness: no 
equiv.: expr. by the v ij. Back- 
wardness: 1, rémissio: s. and want 
of spirit under a grievous wrong, TY. 
animi ac dissolutio in acerbissima in- 
juria, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 9: V- LAXITY. 
9, pigritia: v. SLUGGISHNESS, 8: 
tarditas: V. SLOWNESS. 
slag: scoria (cxwpta), Plin.: V. DROSS. 
slain: a8 a part. or adj.: V. SLAY: 
as a subs. expr., esp. in poet., by caedes 
is, f. (prop. slaughter): heaps of the s., 
caedis acervi, Virg. Aen. 10, 245 (cf. 
acervi caesorum corporum, Liv. 22, 485 
strues corporum, Tac. H. 3, 83): the 
streets are full of the s., plenae caedibus 
viae, Tac. H. 4, 1. so strages, is, f.: 
some rising from amongst the s., adsur- 
gentes quidam ex media strage, Liv. 
22, 51. Phr.: to steep one’s hands in 
the blood of the s., manus nece imbuere, 
Ov. A. A. 2, 714: the plains are strewn 
with the s., morte campi contecti sunt, 
Att. Fragm. 
slake: 1, exstinguo, nxi, netum, 
3: to s. one’s thirst, e. sitim, Ov. M. 4, 
579: V THIRST, QUENCH: tos. lume, cal- 
ceme., Vitr. 2,5, 1. 2, restinguo, nxi, 
nctum, 3: to s. thirst, r. sitim, Cie. Fin. 
2, 3, 9: to s. lime, r. calcem, Inscr. in 
Forcell. 3. micéro, 1 (to soften by 
steeping): to s. lime, m. calcem, glebas 
calcis, Vitr. 7, 2: he uses the noun 
maceratio; also in 2, 5, 1, he expr. it by 
coquere, 
slam; v- BANG: to s. the door, 
*ostium ingenti strepitu operire. 
slander (subs.) : 1, crimen, inis, 
m. (esp. in pl.; an accusation; freq. 
with falsa, ficta, or similar adjs.): 5s.s, 
falsa c., Sall. Cat. 34: Hor.: to become 
unpopular through the s.s of his adver- 
saries, criminibus adversariorum in in- 
vidiam venire, Nep. Epam. 7, 3: to pro- 
pagate s.s against any one, serere crimina 
in aliquem, Liv. 24, 23: Cic. Q. cri- 
minatio (prop. the act of slandering) : 
s.s brought forward by some one, c. ab 
aliquo allatae, Cic. Am. 18, 65: Tac. 
8, freq. expr. by mialédictio, Cic. 
Cael. 3,6: or malédictum, id. Deiot. 10, 
28. 4, morsus, tis: V. BACKBITING. 
5, calumnia (a legal ¢. t. for false 
accusation, or the action brought for it: 
hence it is well to avoid its use, except 
in this sense: v. Dict. Ant.) : to side 
with truth against s., veritati adesse 
contra calumniam, Quint. 12, I, 26: 
hence, to swear that the accusation 
was not @ mere s., jurare c., or de ca- 
lumnia, Dig.: Liv.: to be cast in an 
action for s., ¢. ferre, Cael. in Cic. Fam. 
8, 8. 13; calumnia condemnari, Tac. A. 
14, 41. 6, obtrectatio (envious de- 
traction): V. DETRACTION, DISPARAGE- 
MENT. Jolin; o. et livor, Tac. H. 1, 1: 
o. invidiaque, Cic. Brut. 42,156, Phr.: 
s.s, falsa opprobria, Hor. Hp. 1, 16, 38. 
slander (v.) : it criminor, 1 (to 
accuse: the sense being determined by 
the context or qual. words): he s.d 
Metellus to the Roman people, Metellum 


apud populum Romanum criminatus | 


est, Cic. Off. 3, 20,79 Vv. ACCUSE. M 
malédico, dixi, dictum, 3 (or as two 


words: to speak evil of: constr. witb | 
dat.): to s. a most excellent man, m. | 


optimo viro, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28: Hor. 
Vv. REVILE, 3, calumnior (to con- 
trive false accusations; to quibble: 
only to be used as a legal t. &: v. 
preced. art.): Cic. 4, rodo, si, sum, 
3: V. TO BACKBITE. 5, obtrecto, 1: 
Vv. DETRACT, G6, diffimo, 1: v. DE- 
FAME. Phr.: to s. one’s fame, de alle 
cnjus fama detrahere, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5: 
to s. any one, maledico dente carpere 


 aliquem, id. Balb. 26, 573; falso insi- 





} mulare, id. Verr. 5, 41, 107; ementiri in 











aliquem, id. Part. Or. 14, 50. 

slanderer: 1. criminator (constr. 
with in): Tac. A. 4,1. 2, malédicax, 
acis: Pl. Cure. 4,2,26. 3, obtrectator 
Vv. DETRACTER. 4, sycophanta: PL: 
Ter.: v. TALEBEARER. (N.B.—Calum- 
niator is a trickster.) 

slanderous: 1,_criminosus:_s. 
iambics, c. iambi, Hor. Od. 1, 16, 2: Cic. 

2, malédicus, malédicens (comp. 
and superl. from the second form): @ s. 
reviler, m. conviciator, Cic. Mur. 6, 13 : 
a s. tongue, m. lingna, Val. Max. 8, 9, 
extr., 2: most s. accusations, maledi- 
centissima crimina, Suet. Caes. 95, extr. 
3, famdsus a s. pamphlet, f. li- 

bellus, Tac. A. £, 72: Hor. 4, falsus: 
vV. FALSE. 

slanderously: 1. malédice: Join. 
m. contumelioseque, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 134: 
m. ac maligne, Liv. 45, 39, ad jin. ‘ 
falso: Cic. Mur. 6, 13: v. FALSELY. 
(N.B.—Criminise means rather in an 
accusatory and reproachful, than in a 
slanderous way.) 

slang; Phr.: an epithet of mili- 
tary s., vocabulum militaribus facetiis 
inditum, Tac. A. 1, 23: to abuse in 
street s., mualedicta ex trivio arripere, 
Cic. Mur. 6, 13: it may sometimes be 
expr. by low language: sordes ver- 
borum, Tac. Or. 21; vernaculorum dicta, 
Mart. 10, 3, 1 (q. v.): trivialia verba, 
Suet. Rhet. 6: proficiency in s. (?) dica- 
citas scurrilis et sordida, id. Vesp. 22. 

slant, slanting: obliquus: v. 
OBLIQUE. 

slantingly : oblique: Vv, OBLIQUELY. 

slap (subs.): alapa: to give a smart 
s., a. gravem ducere, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2: 80 
of the s.s in a theatrical performance, 
Juv. 8, 192: to give a s., palma porrecta 
ferire, Pl. Cas, 2, 6, 53- 

slap (v.): v. preced. art. and STRIKE. 

slash (v.): caedo, cécidi, caesum, 3: 
y. CUT. 

slash (subs.): ictus, is: v. STROKE, 
GASH, CUT. 

slashing: Phr.: to write a &. 
article against anybody, * defricare ali- 
quem sale multo, after Hor. S 1, 10, 4. 

slate: no equiv. : it is scarcely pro- 
bable that. it was unknown to the Ro- 
mans, but being little used it had no 
distinctive name: schistos lapis, Plin. 
36, 20, 37, is schistose, mica schist : Kr. 
bas *lapis fissilis: but as this is vague, 


prob. the M. L. *ardesius lapis would | 


be better: s.s for @ roof is best expr. 
by tegulae, v. TILE, SHINGLE: @ S. jor 
writing on, by abacus (a counteng- 
board) or tabitla, v. TABLET: 8.-colour, 
perh. livens, v. BLUISH: if of a lighter 
shade (?), caeruleus, V. BLUE, 

slater: expr. by scandularius (one 
who roofs with shingles), Dig,: v- also 
TILER. 

slattern: v. SLUT. 

slaughter (subs.): 1, caedes, is, /- 
(the most gen. t.): @ vast s., ingens c., 
Liv. 2, 64: the s. of sheep, c. bidentium, 
Hor. Od. 3, 23, 14: tomake a s., c. edere, 
Liv. 5, 45, ad fin.: perpetrare, id. 45, 
5: facere, id. 39, 36: admittere, Suet. 
Tib. 37: committere, Ov. H. 14, 59: 
peragere, Lucan 3, 580. 2, strages, is, 
F. (defeat: often in pl.): to cause a 5., 
s. facere, Liv. 5, 45: ciere, Virg. Aen. 6, 
829: edere, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 22: Fig.: 
id. Att. 1, 16, ad intt. 3, clades, is, 
Ff. (an overthrow; esp. freq. as milit, 
t. t.): victorious without s., sine clade 
victor, Hor, Od. 4, 14, 32: Cic.: to male 
a s., ¢. facere, Sall. Jug. 59, ad fin.: Vv. 
DEFEAT. 4, occisio (rare): Join: 
caedes et o., Cic. Caecin. 14, 41, ad 


| fin. 5, internécio (or internicio: @ 


general s.): a 8. of the entire race, 
i. gentis, Tac. A. 2, 21: Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 
25. 6, occidio (syn. of preced.) Liv.: 
Cic. 7, wiicidatio (butchery): no 
longer a fight, but as it were a s. of 
cattle, non jam pugna, sed velut t pec- 
orum, Liv. 28, 16: Cic. _ 8, jligiilatio: 
Auct. B. Hisp. 16. 9, inter*ectio: 
Ascon. 10, nex, nécis, /. (violent 
death): the s. of many citizens, mul- 





» 


f 








SLAUGHTER 


torum civium neces, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18. 
11, expr. by sanguis, inis, m.; cruor, 
5ris, m. (blood-shedding): these are freq. 
joincd to caedes; as, hine cruor hine 
caedes, Tib. 2, 3, 42 (60): intent upon 
s., ad sanguinem et ad caedes obversus, 
ac, HH: 3, 83; cf. Liv. 2, 64. Piir.: 
to buy an ox for s., ad cultrum bovem 
emere, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 11. 
slaughter (v.): v. SLAY, KILL. 
—-house: no exact equiv.* Kr. 
gives *aedes mactandis bestiis in- 
structae: a s. for swine is confectorium, 
Gloss. Gr. Lat. : the streets were like @ s., 
plenae caedibus viae, T'ac. H. 4, 1. 
slave (subs.): 1, servns, f., -a| 
ut see No. 6): a s., the child of a\ 
emale s., S. servaque natus, Liv. 1, 47: 
@ public s., s. publicus, Cic. Phil. 8, 8,24: 
@ runaway s., fugitivus (sc. servus: cf. 
Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9), Hor. S. 2, 5, 
16. Fig.: to be the s. of lusts, libidi- 
num s. esse, Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12: we are the 
s.s of law in order that we may be able to | 
be free, legum servi sumus ut liberi esse 
possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146. Limin.: 
servulus, id. Caecin. 20, 58: f., -a, id. 
Att. 1, 12: [Tert. has serviculus]. 
verna, comm. (a home-born s.): saucy S.8., 
v. procaces, Hor. S. 2, 6, 66: a s. boy, 
verna puer, id. ib.1, 2,117: Pl. Dimin.: 
vernula, Juv. 10, 117. 8, famiilus, 
f.-a, Virg. (esp. freq. in poet.: a do- 
mestic) : opp. to herus, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 24. 
Fig.: virtue is the s. of fortune, virtus 





est f. fortunae, id. Tusc. 5,1,2. Join: 
ministra et f., id. ib. 1, 31,75. 4, man- 


cipium (a s. obtained by a peculiar form 
of purchase: v. Dict. Antiq.): s.s bought 
for money, m. argento parata, Liv. 41, 
6, ad fin.: Hor.: Cic. §, puer, éri (a 
boy, attendant): Hor. Od. 1, 38, 1: Cic. 

6, ancilla (a female slave: tar more 

. than serva: fig. it is also applied 
to men): male and female s.s love this 
mam, hunc servi a.que amant, Cic. Verr. 
3,4,8: Fufidius, a vile s., the disgrace 
of all posts of honour, Fufidius, a, turpis, 
honorum omnium dehonestamentum, 
Sall. H. 1, 15. Mimin.: ancillula, Sen. 
Ep. 47, 17. 7, expr. by certain col- 
lective words: (i.) familia (the do- 
mestics): the s.s of Mars, f. Martis, Cic. 
Clu. 15, 43: s.s for sale, f. venalis, Pollio 
in Quint. 7, 2, 26: so also famulatio, 
App.: famulitium, Macr. (ii.) servi- 
tium: such are s.s now-a-days, ita nunc 
s. est, Pl. Curc. 2, 3, 2: Cic. Coel, 32, 78. 
(iii.) servitus: Hor. Od. 2, 8, 18. (iv.) 
vénalicia, s.s, Ulp. Dig. 28, 8, 5. 8. 
expr. by words indicating his special 
office or condition: an under s., vicarius, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 93: f. -a, Inscr.: a s. 
of all work, médiastinus, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 
14: as. who tells the names of those he 
meets, nOmenclator, Cic. Mur. 36, 77: 
an old s., veterator, Venul. Dig. 21, 1, 
65: a s. for sale, venalis, Cic. Verr. 5, 
56, 146: novitius, Quint. 8, 2, 8: a 
fellow s., conservus, Cic. Fam. 12, 3, 2: 
f. -a, Pl: Ov. Dimiz.: conservula, 
Sen.: the husband or wife of a slave, 
contubernalis, Col.: the cohabitation of 
$.8 was called contubernium, id. Phr.: 
to sell as a s., sub corona vendere, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 16 (from the old custom of sell- 
ing captives). a band of s.s, manus ser- 
vilis, Hor, kp. 4, 19. vernacula multi- 
tudo, Tac. A. 1, 31. @ revolt of the s.s, | 
tumultus servilis, Caes. B. G. 1, 4o- 
the private property of a s., peculium, 
v. Dict. Antiq. 

slave (v.): siido, 1: Cic.; v. SWEAT, 
TOIL. 

—, to be a. servio, 4: to be the s. 
of lust, s. libidini, Sen. Ep. 47, 17: to be 
a s. for ever, 3. aeternum, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 
41: Cic. Phr.: to be thes. of pleasure, 
voluptatibus obedire, Cic. Rep. 6, 263; se 
dedere, id. ib.. V GIVE ONESELF UP TO. 

—— -dealer : 1, mango, Onis: 
Quint. . Pl. - Dig. 9. venalicius: Cie. 
Or. 40, 232. 8, vénaliciarius Ulp. 
Dig. 14, 4, 1. 4, mancipiorum nego- 
tiator, Quint. 5, 12, 17 

——-market: *forum quo man- 
cipia (etc.) veno proponuntur, Kr.: one | 
bought in the s., de lapide emptus, Cic. 








SLAY 


Pis. 15, 353 so called because s.s were 
put on a raised stone or platform (ca- 
tasta): v. Dict. Antiq. 

slaver (subs.): |. A slave-ship: 
*navis ad transportandos servos in- 
structa, |], Saliva: saliva: Juv.: Plin.; 
Srothy s., spumeae s., Prud, ored. 1, 101 : 
V. SALIVA. 

slaver (v.): expr. by phr.: his lips 
s. freely, longam manant labra s., Juv. 6, 
622: he s.s, *os madet saliva, Kr. 

slavering: silivésus: App.: @ s. 
mouth, fluidum salivis os, Col. 6, 9, 2 
(of an animal). 

slavery: 1, servitus, itis: an 
endurable state of s., tolerabilis conditio 





servitutis, Cic. Cat. 4, 8,16: a just and © 


mild s., justa ac clemens s., Ter. Andr. 


vitutis jugum, Cic. Rep. 2, 25: v. YOKE: 
to be in a state of s., 8, servire, Cic. Top. 
6, 29 (an old phr. ace. to Quint. 7, 3, 
26): to reduce to s., in servitutem dare, 
Liv 41, 6, extr.: addicere, id. 3, 56: s. 


(alicui) injungere, Caes. B. G. 4, 77, ad | 


Jjin.: to endure s., 8. perpeti, Cic. Phil. 
8, 11, 32: lo free one’s country from s., 
patriam e servitute in libertatem vin- 
dicare, Nep. Thras. 1, 2. (N.B.—The 
form servitiido, Liv. 24, 22 is very 
doubtful: Weissenborn has rejected it.) 
2. servitium (the condition of a 
slave, often with esp. reference to his 
debasing services) : to reduce to s., ducere 
in s., Liv. 2, 23: to relieve from s., ser- 
vitio levare, Hor. S. 2, 5, 99: Sall. Con- 
servitium in Pl. Capt. 2, 1, 56 is joint-s. 
8, fanriilatus, tis (he condition of a 
domestic): to be in a state of s., in 
famulatu esse, Cic. Am. 19, 70: the form 
famulitas occurs in Att. Phr.: the yoke 
of s., jugum servile, Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6; 
famulare, Sen. Troad. 757: Vv. YOKE. 
slave-traffic 2 vénalicium (slave- 
slave-trade j selling), Petr. 29, 
3: Dig. 
slavish: 1, servilis (prop. of or 
belonging to a slave; no comp, or sup.) : 
as. disposition, s. indoles, Liv. 1, 5: @ 
Ss. office, s. ministerium, id. 39, 25: Ss. 
wices, 8, Vitia, id. 26, 2: Cic.: v. SER- 
VILE. 2. servus: O ye imitators ! 
s. herd! O imitatores! s. pecus! Hor. 
Ep. 1, 19, 19: Ov.: Liv.: Sall. 3. 
vernilis : s. flattery, s. blanditiae, Tac. H. 
2, 59. 4, obnoxius (mean-spirited) : 
either proud or s., aut superbus aut o., 
Liv. 23, 12 (obnoxidsus occurs in PI.). 
5, ancillaris (prop. of or belonging 
to a female slave: lit. in Cic.): s. flattery, 
a.adulatio, Amm. 26,6, 16. (N.B.—The 
adjs. famularis and famulus are used in 
the sense of belonging to a slave, lit) 
Phr.: to perform s. duties, servorum 
munere fungi, Nep. Paus. 3, 6. 
slavishly : 1, serviliter: Cie. 
Tuse, 2, 23,55.  Q, verniliter: Hor.S. 
2, 6, 108. 3, obnoxie: Liv. 3, 39 
(obnoxiose, PL). 4, familanter: Att. 
in Non. (for which we find in Stat. S. 3, 
I, 40, the meut. adj. famulare). Phr.: 
s. devoted to an opinion, sententiae 
quasi addictus consecratusque, Cie. Tusc. 
2, 2,5 
slavishness: vernilitas: Sen. Ep. 
95,2: Quint.: v. SERVILITY. 
slay: 1, interficio, feci, fectum, 3 
(the most gen. term: very freq. in 
Caesar): to s.a man, hominem i., Caes, 
B.G. 5, 7: Cic.: Virg. 9, occido, cidi, 
cisum, 3 (to cut down: more rarely 
transf. to killing by poison, etc.): to s. 
his virgin daughter with his own hand, 
virginem filiam) sua manu o., Cic. Fin, 
2, 20, 66: Caes.: Liv. 3, caedo, cécidi, 
caesum, 3 (to cut, kilb: esp. animals for 
sacrifice): when they were being slain on 
all sides, cum ab omni parte caederentur, 
Liv. 4, 10: to s. victims, c. hostias, Cic. 
Clu. 68, 194. 4, concido, cidi, cisum, 
3 (to cut to pieces: less freq. than the 
two preced.): to s. a great multitude, 
c. Magnam multitudinem, Caes. B. G. 2, 
11%. 5, néco, avi (and ui), atum, 1- 
Vv. KILL. 6. interimo, émi, emptum 
oremtum, 3 (to take away): he is said 
to have slain Argus, dicitur Argum 
interemisse, Cic. N. A 3, 22, 56. iq: 
3 


jagnam, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 32: 
I, 1,9: the yoke of harsh s., durae ser- 





| Auct. B. Hisp. 16. 





SLEEK 


périmo, émi, emptum, or emtum, 3 
(poet.): my right hand shall s. him. 
hunc perimet mea dextra, Ov. M. 8, 395. 
8. exanimo, 1 (to deprive of breath: 
esp. freq. in pass.): to s. oneself, e. 50 
Caes. B. G 6, 31: Hor, 9, triicido, 
I: V. BUTCHER, MASSACRE’ (contru- 
cido occurs in Cic.: Sen.) 10, ji- 
gulo, 1 (to slay by cutting the throat); 
and obtrunco, 1 (to cut to pieces), 
Vv. MURDER. 11, perciitio, cussi, cus- 
sum, 3 (to run through, stab): by 
whose hand he was slain I care not 
cujus manu sit percussus non laboro, 
Cic. Rose. Am. 34, 97. Ov 12, fério, 
no pf., 4 (strike, smite): to s. the enemy, 
hostem f., Sall. Cat. 7: to s. a lamb, f. 
so effligo, 
sen.: efflicto, Pl. = strike dead i3. 
conficio, féci, fectum, 3 (to make an rnd 
of): to s. a vast quantity of serpents 
maximam vim serpentium c., Cic. N. D 
I, 36, ror: Liv. 1, 25. 14, tollo, sus- 
tili, sublatum, 3 (to take away: esp. 
freq. with de or e mediv): to s. Drusus 
with the sword, t. Drusum ferro, Cic. 
Nee, 33, -Ole 15. absimo, mpsi, 
mptum, 3 (to destroy: a post-Augustan 
word): hunger slew more than did the 
sword, plures fames quam ferrum ab- 
sumpsit. Liv. 22, 39: Virg.: so consiimo, 
V. DESTROY. 16, léto, 1 (rare): slain 
bodies, letata corpora, Ov. M. 3, 55. 
17. exstinguo, nxi, nctum, 3 (to 
cause to disappear, extinguish): Sall. J 
24. Phr.: tos., interre (alicui) mor- 
tem, Cic. Mil. 7, 17; necem, id. ib. 4 
10; letum, Pl.: morte mactare, Cic. 
Rep. 2, 35; privare (aliquem) vita, id. 
Phil. 9, 4, 8; adimere vitam (alicui), 
id. ib. 2, 3, §; spoliare (aliquem) vita, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 168; animam adimere, 
Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 135 ; morti, leto dare ali- 
quem, Hor. S. 2, 3, 197; Virg.: (also 
ad mortem, Pl.); neci mittere, demittere, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 5135 2, 85 (so also Orco); 
sternere caede (aliquem), id. 10, 119; 
sopire (to send to sleep), Sil.: to be slain, 
occumbere (morti, leto, etc.); V. DIE. 
slay oneself: expr. by mortem, 
necem, letum sibi consciscere, Caes. B.G 
I, 4: Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 83 Pl. Mil. 4, 6, 26 
vita se privare, Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 93 sese 
morte multare, id. Rep. 2, 25; letum 
sibi manu parére, Virg. Aen. 6, 434: ¥. 
SUICIDE, and cf. sponte sua leto caput 
obvius obtulit ipse, Lucr. 3, 1019. 
slayer: 1, interfector: Cic. Mil. 
27, 12 (fig in Tert.): 7. -trix, Tac. A. 3, 
17. 2. occisor: Pl Mil 4, 2, 65. 
3, nécator- Lampr. Commod. 18, 13. 
4. interemptor: Vell. 2, 129, 1: f., 
-trix, Lact. 5, péremptor: Sen. Oed. 
225: f. -trix, Tert. 6. mactator : 
Sen. Troad. 1012. 7, jugilator (a cut- 
throat): Salv. 8, tricidator (a 
butcherer): Aug. 9, percussor: Cic. 
Phil. 2, 29, 74- 10, confector: Suet. 
Aug. 43. 11, cultrarius (tie slaughterer 
of a sacrificial victim): Suet. Cal. 32 
12. expr. by subs. compounded with 
caedo, to kill, cf. Lat. Gram. § 175: se 
sororicida = s. of a sister; homicida = 
s. of a man; parricida, s. of a jather or 
relative ; tyrannicida = s. of a tyrant. 
slaying; usu. expr. by a verb: the 
foll. however occur: ], interfectio: 
Ascon. 2, mactatus, fis: Lucr. 1, 99 
in Arnob. mactatio. 3. péremptic 
Aug. 4, caesio: Tert.  §, jugilatio: 
6, triicidatio : Liv. : 
Vv. BUTCHERY. 7. various compounds 
of caedo; as, the s. of a tyrant, tyranni- 
cidium, Sen.; Quint.: so, parricidium, 
fratricidium, homicidium: v, preced, art 
sledge: |. A kind of vehicle: no 
precise equiv.: the one in use is traba 
(Col. 2, 21, 4) or trithea (Virg. G. 1, 164), 
which prop. denote a drag made of wood 
or stone, used in agriculture: hence, to s., 
*trahis vebi, Kr.: sledging, * traharum 
vectiones, id.: @ man who guides a s., 
traharius, Sidon. =|], Alarge hammer: 
perh, malleus, which denotes a hammer 
of considerable size: malleolus being the 
term: for a smaller one, 
sleek: 1. nitidus: s. beasts, n. jue 
menta, Nep. Eum. 5,6: (cf. me pinguem 
153 


SLEEP 


et nitidum bene curata cute, Hor Ep. 1, 
4, 15). 2. nitens, utis; a s. bull, n. 
taurus, Virg. Aen 3,20. Phr : the herds 
of oxen) grow s. armenta nitescunt, 
lin, Ep. 2, 17, 3 
sleep (subs.): 1, somnus (the most 
gen. t- used also in pl., esp. in poet.) 
calm s., s. placidus, Ov. F 3, 1853 
tranquillus, Sen. Ira, 3, 36, 2 quiet s., 
tacitus s., Tib. 2, 1, 89- gentle s., mollis 
g., Cat. 68, 53 pl., Virg. G 2, 470; lenes, 
Hor Cd. 3, 1,22 deep s., s. altus, id. S. 
2, I, 83 artus, Cic. Rep. 6, 10 @ very 
sound s., verissimus 8., Plin. Ep. 6, 16: 
light s., 8. leves, Hor. Epod. 2, 283 
tenues, Stat. Th. 1, 389: heavy S., 8. 
gravis, Sen. H. F. 1056: the first s., 
primus s., Virg. Aen. 1, 470: S. easy to 
obtain, s. facilis, Hor. Od. 2, 11, 8: (opp. 
to difficilis, Sen. Tranq. 2,6): the s. of 
sorrow, tristis s., Cat. 64, 122: the s. of 
frenzy, furiales s., Plin. 14, 22, 28 § 142: 
the s. of oblivion, s. lethaeus, Virg. G. I, 
"8: eternal s. (i.e. death), s. sempi- 
ternus, Cic. Tusc. I, 49, 1175 perpetuus, 
Hor. Od. 1, 24, 53 longus, id. ib. 3, 11, 
38: the “s. that knows no waking,” s. 
ferreus, Virg. Aen. 10, 745: fo procure s., 
consequi ut s. accedat, Cels. 3, 18- to 
induce s by drugs, medicamentis s. a!- 
cessere, moliri, id. ib.: to produce s., 
s. facere, id.: Plin. 20, 5, 203 conciliare, 
id, 21, 20, 83; allicere, id. 9, 13, 153 con- 
citare, id. 20, 17,133 parére, id. 19, 8, 385 
gignere, id. 21, 19,77: tocourt s.,s. sequi, 
Tib. £, 1, 48: s. steals over any one, ob- 
repit alicui s., Plin. Ep. 7,4: to be hardly 
able to keep from s., s. vix tenere, Cic. 
Brut. 80, 278: to close the eyes in S., 
connivere somno, id. N. D. 2, 57, 143: 
to give way to s.,somno indulgere, Tac. A. 
16, 19: to be overpowered by s., somno 
opprimi, Caes. B. C. 2, 383 premi, Plin. 
10, 77, 98; complecti, Cic. Rep. 6, 105 
urgeri, Cic. Att. 12,9: sunk im s., somno 
torpidi, Liv. 7, 365 mersi, id. 41, 3, ext. § 
soluti, Virg. Aen. 2 189: in, during Ss. 
in somnis, Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 82; per som- 
uum, id. Div. 2, 11, 273; per somnos, 
Plin. 23, 1, 24, extr.; somno, Liv. 8, 6: 
not to have a wink of s., Ss. non videre 
oculis, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 82: Gics: vi 
SLEEPLEsS: to have had enough s., somno 
satiatum esse, Liv. 2, 65: to drive away, 
prevent S., 8. prohibere, Cels. 5, 25, 53 
impedire, id. 3, 8; fugare, ‘Tib. 1, 1, 43 
adimere (opp. to dare), Virg. Aen. 4, 
2443 divellere, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 18 ; 
eripere, Juv. 3, 238: to rouse from s., 
e somno excitare, Cic. Rep. 6, 125 sus- 
citare, id. Tuse. 4, 19, 44: 8. from which 
a man cannot be roused, s. inexcitabilis, 
Sen. Ep. 83, 15: to interrupt one’s S., 
s. interrumpere, Plin. 28, 4, 14: to startle 
from s., somnum r., Virg. Aen. 7, 4583 
somnos abrumpere, id. G. 3, 530: to start 
from s., corripere e somno corpus, id. 
Aen. 4, 572: s. departs, s. abit, Ov F. 
3, 23: to bring back s., reducere s., Hor. 
Od. 3, 1, 21: asa deity, Somnus, Ov. M. 
If, 592 (cf. Stat. Th. 10, 84-117; S., 5, 4)- 
3. sdpor (prop. @ heavy S. ; but also 
— somnus, esp. in poet.): @ heavy Ss. 
annihilates even dreums, gravis s. etiam 
gomnia exstinguit, Sen. Ep. 53, 7: heavy 
$s. piger s., Cat. 63,37 S. closes my €ues, 
occupat lumina s., Tib. 1, 2, 2: to enjoy 
quieé s., placidum s. carpere, Virg. Aen. 
4, 522: to rest one’s 1 eary limbs in s., 
sopore placare artus languidos, Att. in 
Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44. (cf. somnus devinxit 
membra suavi sopore, Lucr. 4, 452): of 
the s.-god, Prop. 1, 3, 45: also used, like 
preced., of the s. of death: altus aetern- 
usque sopor, Lucr. 3, 466. 3, quies, 
atis, f. (rest): s. by night, nocturna q., 
Sen, Ira, 3, 36, 1. soothing s., blanda 
quies, Ov. F, 3. 19: deep s., q. alta, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 522: the time of deep s., sopitae 
quietis tempus, Liv. 9, 37: rigid s. (of 
death), dura q., Virg. Aen. 10, 745: in S$. 
secundum quietem, Cic. Div. 2, 66, 135 
per quietem, Suet. Caes. 81. 


Sn the s. of oblivion, Lethaea nox, 
_A. A. 3, 648. Phr_ virtue, lulled 
to s., sopita virtus, Cic. Cael. 17, 41% to 


754 


4, nox, | 
ctis, f (might: hence, poet., s.): to sink | 
to s., pectore noctem accipere, Virg. Aen. | 


SLEEPER 


: talk in one’s S., per somnia loqui, Lucr. 


gen. t.° used in poet. as pass. impers.): 
to s. more heavily from fatigue, Cic. 


light, d. 


to s. on till midday, in medium diem d., 


we must s. one eternal s., nox est per- 
petua una dormienda, Catul. 5, 6 he 
s.§ whilst he is awake, vigilans dormit, PL. 
Ps. 1, 3, 152 (169) (prov.): hence, Fig.: 
you are s.ing, and do not seem yet to 
understand these things, vos dormitis 
nec haec adhuc intelligere videmini, 
Cael. in Cic. Fam. 8, 17, 2: to s. easily on 
either ear, d. otiose in utramvis aurem, 
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, Iol: so, in dextram 
aurem, Plin. Ep. 4, 29 (prov., of those 
who are indifferent) : v. SLUGGISH, DULL, 
NEGLIGENT. 
preced.: to fall asleep, S. habitually) : 
to begin to s. soundly and heavily, arte 
et graviter d. coepisse, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59. 
Fig.: sometimes good Homer s.s, quan- 
doque bonus dormitat Homerus, Hor. 
A. P. 359 (quoted by Quint. 10, T, 24). 
3. quiesco, évi, étum, 3 (to rest): 
the praetor was s.ing, praetor quiescebat, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 14, 32: he slept well, bene 
quievit, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 3: he did not s. 
more than three hours at night, non plus 
quam tribus nocturnis horis quievit, 
Suet. Cal. 50. 4. conquiesco, évi, 
tum, 3 (less freq. than preced.): fo s. 
at midday, meridie c., Caes. B. G. 7, 46: 
Suet. Phr.: to be always ready to s., 
somni esse paratissimi, Plin. Ep. 3, 5: 
to s. very little, brevissimo uti somno, 
Sen. Ep. 83, 6: v. SLEEPER: he could 
not s. at all, nullo horae momento con- 
tigit somnus, Plin. 7, 51, 52: to s. on 
till past day-light, somnum in diem ex- 
trahere, Tac. Germ. 22: all living crea- 
tures slept, somnus habebat animalia, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 147: to s., somnum, quie- 
tem capere, Cic. Att. 8, I, extr.; Caes. 
B. G. 6, 28; somnos ducere, carpere, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 555, 560: quietem trahere, 
Prop. 1,14. 9: V. also GO TO SLEEP, FALL 
ASLEEP: to be fast asleep, condormire, 
Suet. Aug. 78: to have guards to keep 
watch while he slept, dispositos supra 
sommum habere, Curt. 6, 11, 3- 
—again: rédormio (rare): Plin. 
Ep. 9, 36: (hence the subst. redormi- 
tatio in Plin. 10, 75, 98). or by a phi: 
somnum repetere, Cic. Att. 13). 385 
somnum interruptum tecuperare, Suet. 
Aug. 78. 
, to go: obdormisco, 3: V- FALL 
ASLEEP: or by phr.: ire dormitum, 
Hor. S. 1, 6, 119; cubitum (¢o lie down), 
Cic. Rosc. Am. 23, 64; ire ad quietem, 
id. Div. 1, 29, 60; in somnum abire, 
Lucr. 3, 1064; somnum inire, Virg. E. 
I, 56; sumno se dare, Cic. Tusc. I, 47, 
113; quieti se tradere, id. Div. 1, 29, 6r: 
corpus quieti dare, Liv. 9, 373 condor- 
misco, PL., is to be going fast asleep. 
—— off: 1, Gdormio, 4: to s. off 
the debauch, e. crapulam, Cic. Phil. 2, 
13, 30: also tos. through; tos. through 
the part of Iiona, llionam e., Hor. S. 
tw Oke 9, édormisco, 3: Pl. Rud. 
Dab RIAN 
—— on: perdormisco, 3: to s. on till 
daylight, p. ad lucem, Pl. Men. 5, 5, 29. 
—— over: indormio, 4: fo s. over 
his money bags, i. saccis, Hor. Sh 5 
yo: Fig.: to s. over such a matter, 
tantae causae i., Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30: 
V. NEGLIGENT, TORPID. 
— through: V. under SLEEP OFF. 
sleep-bringing: V- SLEEPY, No. 1. 
sleeper : One who sleeps: 
dormitor, Mart. 10, 4, 4: better expr. 
by vb. or phir to be @ poor S., brevis- 
simi esse somni, Suet. Claud. 33. Dor- 
mitator in Pl. Trin. 4, 2, 20 is @ thief 
who sleeps by day only. |]. 4A beam 
on which jorsts rest. *trabs in solo 








































9. dormito, 1 (freq. of 


SLEEVE 


collocata quae 
(joists) sustinet. 

sleepily : 1, somnicilése: PL 
Am. 2, I, 78. 9. oscitanter (yawn- 
ingly): Cic. Brut. 80, 277. 3, Expr. 
by other advs.: “segniter, otiose, negli- 
genter agere,” Liv. 2, 58- V. SLUGGISHLY, 
IDLY, TORPIDLY. 

sleepiness: perh. best expr. by a 
phr., such as somni cupido, Sall. Cis: 
other words are:— —_ 1, véternus (as 
a disease of old people): Pl. Men. 5, 


tigna transversaria 


4,3: Fig.: Hor. Ep.1, 8,10 V_SLUG- 
GISHNESS, TORPOR. 2. somndlentia : 
Sid. 3, sépor (only in fig. sense): 


Join: s. et ignavia, Tac. H. 2, 76, 

sleeping-draught: sopor: /o ad- 
minister @ S., 8. Gare, Nep. Dion, 2, 5: 
also soporifera potio, Spart. Hadr. 26, 
ad fin. 

—-partner: *socius qui pect 
niam non operam confert (cf. Gai. 3, 
149)- 

—-room: cubictilum: 
ROOM. 

sleepless : 


Vv. BED= 


1, imsomnis: a s. 
night, nox i., Virg. Aen. 9, 167: Tac. 
(see No. 5): 9, exsomnis: Virg. 
Aen. 6, 556: Vell.: Hor. Od. 3, 25,9 
(Orell.). 3. désomnis: Petr. 47, 5- 
4, insomnidsus (of one who is 
habitually s.): Cat. R. R. 157, 8. 5. 
pervigil (thoroughly watchful): @ Ss. 
night, p. nox, Just. 12, 13: Tac. A. ft, 
65 expressly distinguishes it from in- 
somnis; “insomnes Magis quam pervi- 
giles”: whilst Plin. Pan. 63 joins p. et 
insomnis: vigil denotes watchful, alert. 
Phr.: to pass a s. night, vigilare de 
nocte, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15 (13), 2: 80 evigi- 
lare, pervigilare : Vv. AWAKE. 
sleeplessness: 1. insomnia (used 
also in the pl.): to be free from s., 
insomniis carere, Cic. Sen. 13, 44: Suet. 
Cal. 50. 2, insomnium: Plin. 20, 9, 
33. 3, vigilia: to be harassed by S. 
at night, nocturna vigilia premi, Cels. 
2, 4, ad init.: Cic. Parad. pref., ad jin. 
4, vigilantia: Cic. v. WAKEFUL- 
Ness. 5, Vigilatio: Cael. Aur. (N.B. 
—pervigilium, pervigilatio is a watch- 
ing all night long.) 
sleepy : |, Causing sleep. 1, 
sdporus: s. night, s. nox, Virg. Aen. 6, 
390. Q, sdporifer: the s. Poppy, 8. 
papaver, Virg. Aen. 4, 486: as epithet 
of the Sleep-God, Lucan 3, 8. 3 
somnifer: s. wand, s. virga, Ov. Mis; 
672. 4. somnificus: the s. influence 
of the mandrake, s. vis mandragorae, 
Plin. 25, 13, 94. Phr.:s., somno aptus, 
Cels. 2, 323 Valens ad somnum, id. 5, 
25,2. ||, Inclined to sleep : 1, sémi- 
somnus or semisomnis (half-asleep) : 
s., and for the most part unarmed, s. 
ac maxima parte inermes, Liv. 9, 243 
Cic. Fam. 7, I, 1: ¥. DROWSY. : 
somnicilosus: (habitually s.): listless, 
sluggish, s. age, iners, ignava, 8. senec- 
tus, Cic. Sen. 11, 36: of the Etesian 
winds, Sen. N. Q. §, 11, 2. 3, véter- 
nosus (lethargic): @ &. man: 
v. senex, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 21. 4, 
somnilentus: App. (who has also semi- 
sopitus). 5, soporus~ s. with wine, 
s vino, Val. FL 2, 222: (semisoporus, 
Sid... Phr.: to be unnaturally $. 
somno ultra debitum urgeri, Cels. 2, 4 
ad init.: s. somni plenus, Cic. Post 
Red. 6, 13 (if however desirous of but 
unable to obtain s., indigens somni, 
Suet. Aug. 78): s. and gluttonous, de- 
ditus somno ciboque, Tac. G. 15 LL. 
sleet: perh. nivosa grando: Liv. 21, 
58. (R.and A. give nix concreta pruina, 
from Lucr. 3, 20. but those words are 
simply descriptive of snow in general.) 
Or perh. *nix grandine mixta ac con- 
creta. ¥ 
sleeve; manica; usu. pl., denoting 
the two ss: Virg. Aen. 9, 616° to wear 
s.s, vestitum superiorem in manicas ex- 
tendere, Tac. G. 17. (Manulea, or ma- 
nuleus- v. rare.) Furnished with $.8 
(as a tunic), manicatus, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 
223; less freq. manicleatus, Isid.: also, 
| manuleatus (homo), @ person wearing 
(long) s.s, Suet. Cal. 52. Phr.: to laugh 











SLEIGH 
in one’s s., furtim ridere, deridere. v- 
TO LAUGH AT, MOCK. (Cachinnare = to 
laugh aloud.) 
sleigh: traha, trahea. v. SLEDGE. 





‘dai tricks of any kind): V. TRICK. 
ore precisely, perh. *manuum agilitas 
(? argutiae). 

slender : 1. gracilis, e (usu. of 
living bodies): rarely, gracilus (Ter. 
Eun. 2, 3, 22, gracilae virgines) Hor. Od. 
1, 5,1: with very s. legs, gracillimis cru- 
ribus, Suet. Ner. 51. Very s., praegracilis, 
Tac.: pergracilis, Plin. 2. exilis, e 
(extremely thin and spare: never a term 
of praise): Vv. THIN. 3, ténuis, e: to 
hang by a s. thread (fig.), t. pendere filo, 
Ov. Pont. 4, 3,35: v. THIN. In fig. sense: 
s. hope, tenuis spes, Cic. R. Com. 14, 43: 
people of s. means, tenuiores, Cic. Leg. 
3, 13, 40. Phr.: s. means, angustiae, 
tenuitas, Cic. fil. Fam. 16, 21: Vv. SLEN- 
DERNEssS. For fig. sense, V. SMALL, 
(N.B.—Teres is well-rounded, 
not slender.) 

slenderly : i.e. scantily, poorly: 
exigué, angusté: v. SCANTILY. 

slenderness: __ 1. gracilitas (esp. 
of living bodies): Cic. Br. gt, 313: Suet. 

Q. ténuitas, exilitas: v. THINNESS. 

S. of means: (1). angustiae, arum 
- eae circumstances : stronger than 

g.): Tac. A. 1, 75: Cic. (2). ténuitas: 
Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75 (aerarii t., slenderness 

means of early Rome). (3). res an- 

ta: Juv. 6, 357: V. POVERTY. 

slice (subs.): segmentum: Plin. 36, 
6,9 § 53. (But the word is less definite 
than Eng.) Often frustum will be pre- 
cise enough: v. BIT, PIECE. 

slice (v.): 1, séco, 1: cf. Plin. l.c., 
where the verb is used of cutting marble 
into thin slices for overlaying. 2, con- 
cido, 3 (to cut up): Cic.: Caes.: v. TO 
cut and foll. artt. 

slide (v.): _ |. Ingen. sense: labor, 
3: V. TOGLIDE, sLir. Jo s. down by a 
rope, per demissum funem 1., Virg. — [I. 
Specially, to slide on ice: *per glaciem 
labor (perlabor), feror. 

slide (subs.): |, Act of slipping 
or gliding: lapsus, us: cf. Liv. 21, 36 
(. terrae = landslip). I]. Place (on 
we) for sliding on: *glacies pedibus 
superlabentium attrita. I]. 22 ma- 
chinery, etc., a part working with a slide 
movement: *machinae pars quae per 
canaliculum movetur (labitur, agitur). 

sliding (adj.): expr. by labor, 3: 
lapsus, Us: to advance with a s. move- 
ment, labi, lapsu se promovere, progredi : 
v. TO GLIDE. 

sliding-scale: perh. * gradatio, gra- 
dationes; *scala gradata. 

slight (adj.): |. Light and spare 
in structure: lévis, lévidensis (cf. Isid. 
Or. 19, 22, 19, levidensis dicta [ vestis], 
quod raro filo sit leviterque densata, 
of slight, flimsy texture): v.LIGHT. See 
also, THIN, SLENDER. Il. Of small 
account : 1, lévis. a s. engagement, 
1. proelium, Caes. B. G. 7, 36: on a ser 
ground, leviore de causa, ib. ¢. 4, fin. : 
@ s. wound, 1. vulnus, Ains. (cf. Cic. 
Inv. 2, 51, 154, leviter saucius, having 
received a s. wound). 2. parvus, 
exiguus, mintitus: Vv. INSIGNIFICANT. 
Phr.: is it a s. matter that ....? 
parumne est, quod 
13: there is not the s.est difference be- 
tween them, ne minimum quidem in- 
terest inter eos, Cic. Ac. 2, 17: nil omnino 
interest, ib. c. 15: to consider of s. im- 
portance, levi [parvo] momento aestim- 
are, Caes. B. G. 7, 39: ‘tis not of the 
s.est use, nil (nihil) est! Hor. S. 2, 3, 6: 
there is not the s.est need, nihil opus est, 
Ter. Andr. 4,1,14. (N.B.—Sometimes a 
dimin. subs. may expr. the sense, with- 
out adj.: e. g. some s. hope, aliquid spe- 
culae, Cic, Clu. 26, 72: a@ s. indisposi- 
tion, commotiuncula, id. Att. 12, 11, fin.: 
@ s. offence, offensiuncula, id. Fam. 13, 1: 
a@ s. profit, aliquid lucelli, id. Verr. 3, 
30, 72.) 
slight (subs.): perk. negligentia~ v. 
DISREGARD, NEGLECT. Or expr. by verb: 
thinking that @ s. had been put upon 





sleight of hand: praestigiae, arum | 


SLIP 


| him, *neglectum [parum honorifice trac- 
| tatum] se putans; aegre ferens alium 
| sibi praeferri, etc. Vv. TO DISREGARD, 
| SLIGHT. 

slight (v.)- 1, negligo, lexi, ctum, 
3 (not to heed)- to s. any one’s orders, 
imperium alicujus n., Caes. B, G. 5, 7- 
Vv. TO NEGLECT, DISREGARD. Q. de- 
spicio, 3: V. TO DESPISE. 3, contemno, 
psi, ptum, 3 (stronger than Eng.): to 
think oneself s.’d, looked down upon ..., 
contemni, despici se putare, Cic. Sen. 18, 
65: not to be s.'d as a speaker, non con- 
temnendus in dicendo, id. Br. 77, fin. 

4, praetéreo, 4, irr. (to pass over 

and take no notice of ): cf. Cic. Pl. 3, 8, 
(populus) solet nonnunquam dignos 
praeterire (7. e. suffragiis, not to elect 
them): Ov. 5, expr. by circuml., 
nullo (levi) momento aestimare; parvl 
facere ; nullius momenti habere: v. To 
VALUE. 

slighter: contemptor, f. -trix: v. 
DESPISER, SCORNER. 

slightingly ; contemptim: to speak 
s. of any one, c. [opp. magnifice) de ali- 
quo loqui, Liv. 9, 41, med. 

slightly : 1, léviter: s. wounded, 
1. saucius (sauciatus, vulneratus), Cic. 
Inv. 2, 51, 154: to bes. ill, 1. aegrotare, 
id. Off. 1, 24, 83: @ staff s. curved, 1. 
[? leniter] inflexum bacillum, id. Div. 1, 
17. 2. but slightly, parum: though 
(the letter) is written tt is but s. sounded, 
etiamsi scribitur, parum  exprimitur, 
Quint. 9, 4,40: v.LITTLE(adv.). 3, non- 
nihil (fo some extent): usu. with verbs: 
Vv. SOMEWHAT. Sometimes adjj. or verbs 
compounded with sub may serve: @. g. 
s. countrified or clownish, subrusticus, 
subagrestis, Cic. Br. 74, 259: s. absurd, 
subabsurdus, id.: s. sour, subacidus, 
Cato: to be s. angry, subirascor, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 16, 72: tolaugh s., subridere; etc. 
(But succensere = to cherish resentment 
in the mind.) 

slightness: |. Lit.: lévitas: v. 
LIGHTNESS; also, THINNESS, SLENDER- 
NESS. I]. Smaliness: exiguitas (not 
levitas in this sense), parvitas (rare) : 
Vv. SMALLNESS, INSIGNIFICANCE. 

slily; callidé, astité, etc.: v. CUN- 
NINGLY, CRAFTILY. Also the adjj. may 
often be used: L. G. § 343. 

slim: gricilis : v. SLENDER. 

slime: 1, saliva: Plin. 3c, 15, 47 
(s. cochlearum, s. of snails). 2, spuma 
(frothy or bubbly s.): id. 29, 6, 37 (s- 
cochlearum): cf. Ov. M. 3, 73. i 
sanies, i (bloody matter): Virg. Aen. 2, 
221 (de anguibus). 4, sometimes, 
virus, i, m. (used of any strong or ve- 
nomous fluid or slime): Virg. G. 3, 281. 
See also PHLEGM. (Or expr. by circuml., 
humor [liquor] glutinosus: v. SLIMY.) 

sliminess: expr. by adj.: v. SLITY. 

slimy : 1, miicosus: Col. 6, 7 
(cruenta et m. ventris proluvies). 2 
saniosus (of bloody matter) : Plin. 3. 
glitinosus (sticky); Cels. 5, 26, 20 (se- 
veral times). 4, libricus (siippery) : 
body (of a s. serpent), 1. terga, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 474: cf. ib. 5, 335. (Or by 
circuml., qualis cochlearum salivae na- 
tura est.) 

sling (subs.): |. For throwing : 
funda: Caes.: Liv. I]. A kind of 
bandage for the arm; mitella: Cels. 8, 
IO, 3. 

sling (v.): Phr.: mittere [aliquid] 
funda (tos. anything away), Cic. in Quint. 
8, 6,73: tos. out to the open sea, funda 
apertum mare incessere [petere], Liv. 
38, 29: cf. ib. paulo infr., velut nervo 
missa (glans] excutiatur (the bullet is 
slung out with the force of a bow-sling) : 
more poet., verbera fundae torquere, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 309 cf. also Aen. 9, 586, 
fundam .... ter adducta circum caput 
egit habena. See also To Arm AT. (Fun- 
dito, 1: Pl. Poen. 2, 36° best avoided.) 

slinger: funditor Caes.: Liv. 

AGE: Phr.- tos. away, perh. clam 
(fartim] se subducere, cf. Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 
25 tos. out of the contest .... (Milton), 
*abjecte certamen subterfugere, de- 
trectare. 

slip (v.) 








A. Intrans. : 





| Lit.: | rogue), may be expr. by 


Sle PEs 


nn eee E Eye E EEE -- 


to slide along: labor, psus, 3: v. TO 
GLIDE. Phr.: the foot more readily 
s.ing on the incline, in prono citius pede 
se fallente, Liv. 21, 36, med.: s0, Curt. 
4, 9, ad fin., quum saxa lubrica vesti- 
gium fallerent: cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 331, 
vestigia haud tenuit. \J. Fig.: to 
escape: esp. in phr. to let slip. Phr.: 
to let s. an opportunity, occasionem 
amittere, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; praeter- 
mittere, id. B. C. 3, 25; dimittere, Nep. 
Milt. 3; occasioni deesse, Caes. B.C. 3, 
79. ‘See also foll. artt. B, Trans: 
j. To allow to run out: tos. her cable 
(of a ship), perh. retinacula omittere, 
I], To convey secretly : furtim dare, 
inserere, tradere. 
slip away; Pbr.: furtim (clam) 
abire, se subducere: v. TO WITHDRAW, 
and SECRETLY. 
amen ont t 1, labor, 3: to s. 
— out {out of one’s hands, e. 
e manibus alicujus, Cic. de Or. 2, 50, 
init.: also absol., he is an eel; he will s. 
out of your hands, anguilla est; elabetur, 
Pl. Ps. 2, 4, 57: to s. out of one’s recol- 
lection, memoria s., Cic. Ph. 13, 5, 11. 
9. excido, di, 3 (to drop out; escape 
from): he will s. out of his fetters, ex- 
cidet é vinclis, Virg. G. 4, 410. Esp. of 
the memory: de memoria ex., Liv. 29, 
19, fin.: so, animo, pectore ex.: v. TO 
FORGET, fin. 8, fluo, xi, xum, 3: 
their weapons will s. from their hands, 
fluent arma de manibus, Cic. Ph. 12, 3, 8 
So effluo, Lucr. 6, 798. 
slip (subs.): |. Lit.: lapsus, ts 
(slippery movement): Liv. Of the foot, 
in walking, vestigii lapsus (R. and A.). 
. Fig.: miss, mistake, fault : 
Phr.: ’twizt cup and lip there’s many 
a s., inter os et offam (quod aiunt) 
multa intervenire possunt, Cato in Gell. 
13, 17: to make a s., errare, labi, pec- 
care (Vv. TO ERR, MISTAKE): that was a 
s. of memory (in an author), memoria 
lapsus est (R. and A.): per oblivionem in 
errorem incidit, cf. Suet. Caes. 28: s.s 
of memory, memoriae labentis offensa- 
tiones, Sen. Ben. 5, ezfr.: lapsus me- 
moriae (Kr.): v. ERROR. I]. A fevig 
separated from the main stock: i 
surctilus (usu. but not always @ shoot 
from the ground): to break off a s. 
(from a tree), s. defringere ex. ...., 
Cic. de Or. 3, 28, 110 (fig.): to plant off 
a s., s. transferre, Col. 3,10. 2, planta 
(more freq. a rooted plant: cf. Pall. 5, 
2): to knock off a s. from a bough, p. de 
ramulo deferre, Varr. R. R. 1, 55: to set 
@s., p. deponere in horto, Ov. R. Am. 193. 
3, virga (atwi): to set as., v. de- 
plantare, Col. 3, 10 (Ov. M. 14, 630=a 
slip for grafting). IV. A small slip 
of paper: perh. (parva), scida (schéda), 
plagula: v. SHEET. 
slip-knot ; *nddus mobilis (?). 
slipper: 1. sdlea (a kind of shoe 
worn by men indoors: they were taken 
off upon reclining for a meal) : to take off 
one’s $.s, 8. deponere, Mart. 3, 50, 3: t 
call for them after the meal, s. poscere, 
Ors a2, 9 S507 1° 9. crépida: app. 
equiv. to solea: cf. Cic. R. Post. 10, 27, 
and Liv. 29, 19, fin. (both which passages 
show that to appear in public in crepidue 
was considered improper; acc. to the 
old lex which forbad the wearing of 
soleae in public: Smith’s L. D. s. v.). 
Wearing s.s, soleatus, Cic. Verr. 5, 33, 
med. ; crepidatus, id. Pis. 38, 92: @ 
maker of s.s, crepidarius, Gell.  sclca- 
Trius, Pl. : v. SHOEMAKER. 


slipperiness' &*Pr- by adj.: V. 
SLIPPERY. 

slippery: |. Lit.: lubricus: 
Liv.: Mart. Neut. used subs. (=a & 
place, s. ground): Tac. A. 1, 65, (in) 
lubrico lapsare: Cels.; cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 


335, per lubrica, on the s. ground. Il. 
Fig.- uncertain, dangerous, delicate to 
handle: laibricus . s.paths of youth, viae 
1. adolescentiae, Cic. Coel. 17,41 to be 
on s. ground, in lubrico versari, id. Or. 
28,98. Phr.: Isaid hewas a s. fellow, 
dixi volaticum esse ac levem, Sen. 
Ep. 42, med. (R. and A.): a &. fellow 
veteratozr 
155 


SLIPSHOD 


SLOW 


SMACK 





{an old knave): see also TREACHEROUS, 
DECEITFUL. 

slipshod; expr. of style, loose and 
ill-constructed : perh. dissdlitus; cf. 
Cic. Or. 57, ad fin. Or negligens cf. 
Quint. Io, 7, 28, negligens sermo. 

slit (v.): 1, incido, di, sum, 3 (to 
make a cut in anything, whether length- 
wise or acyuss): V. TO CUT. 9. di- 
scindo, scido, ssum, 3 (0 s. or tear open) : 
to s. open a person’s lip (by a blow), la- 
brum alicui d., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20: v. TO 
TEAR. To s. open, may also be expr. by 
aperio: Vv. TO OPEN. 

slit (swbs.): perh. incistra, scissira : 
cf. preced. art. 

sliver: Vv. TO SPLI?. 

slobber: V. SLAVER (?). 

sloe: the tree, prunus silvestris, Col. 
2, 2, ad fin.: the frurt, prunum s., Plin. 
15, 13. 

slogan: v. WAR-CRY. 

sloop: perh. lembus (Kr.). Defi- 
nitely, *navium genus quod Anglice 
sloop dicitur. 

slop (subs.): |. Water carelessly 
thrown about: Phr.: a table with ss 
of wine upon it, *mensa negligentius 
{temere) vino madefacta, conspersa: v. 
TO WET, SPRINKLE, SPILL. |. In pl., 
common ready-made clothes for sale: 
*vestimenta (popularia) venalia: or 
perh. scruta, orm (as term of con- 
tempt): cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 65. 

— -seller: perh. scritarius (dealer 
in old clothes, etc.) : Gell.: or, vestiarius 
(clothes-dealer) : Ulp. 

—-gshop: perbh. scritarium (old 
clothes-shop): Gloss. : officina promerca- 
{ium vestium, Suet. Gr. 23. 

slope (subs.): j, clivus: to sink 
with a gentle s., molli (se) demittere c., 
Virg. E.9, 8: the s. of the Capitol, c. 
Capitolinus, Cic. Att. 2, 1. 9. de- 
clivitas, acclivitas: Vv. DECLIVITY, IN- 
CLINE. 3. fastigium (usu. of @ sleep 
incline, like the roof of a house): with 
a rather less steep s., paulo leniore f., 
Caes. B. C. 2, 24: of the s. of the sides of 
a trench, id. B. G. 7, 73. 4. proclive, 
is (after a prep.): to be driven down the 
s. (down hill), per p. pelli, Liv.: Auct. 
B. Alex. Phr.: @ hill rising with a 
gentle s., clementer et molliter assur- 
gens collis, Col. 2, 2, init.: Tac.: on the 
s.,in prono, Liv. 21, 36, med. 

slope (v.): 1. démitto, misi, 
ssum, 3 (with pron. rejl., to sink towards 
the plain): Virg.: v. preced. art. init. 

Q. proclinor, t: (the farther side of 
the Apennines) which ss towards the 
Adriatic, quae est proclinata ad superum 
mare, Vitr. 2, 10, init.: Col. 3. 
vergo, 3 (to lie towards, to incline): 
Vitr. 1. c. (where vergit = proclinata 
est): so Caes. B. G. 2, 18, collis ad flu- 
men Sabin vergebat. 4. expr. by 
adj.: the hill s, towards..., collis de- 
clivis (proclivis, fastigatus) est ad... : 
V. SLOPING. 

sloping (adj.): 1, déclivis, e (s. 
downwards): on s. and precipitous 
ground, in d. et praecipiti, Caes. B. G. 
4, 33: Sall. 2. acclivis, e (s. up- 
wards): an approach (to a town) gently 
s. upwards, aditus leniter a., Caes. B. G 
2;) 29): Cle:: Dive 3. proclivis, e 
(= declivis): Liv. 4, fastigatus 
(rising evenly, like the roof of a house) : 
Liv. 44, 9 (fastigata, sicut tecta aedifici- 
orum sunt, testudo). 5, pronus: a 
city s. dovnwards to the marshes, urbs 
p- in paludes, Liv. 4, 59. 

sloppy: esp. of roads: litiilentus, 
madidus: v. MUDDY. 

slops: Vv. SLOP (subs.). 

sloth: |. Uhe quality : ik: 
segnitia and segnities, éi (sluggishness, 
dilatoriness) : most indolent s., segnitia 
inertissima, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 5: what so 
tardy s.. ., quae tam sera segnities. .., 
Virg. Aen. 2, 374: V. SLUGGISHNESS. 

2. désidia (sitting idle and doing 
nothing: the segnis homo acts, but acts 
sluggishly : the deses, not at all): to 
surrender oneself to languor and s., 
languori et desidiae se dedere, Cic. Off. 





48, fin. 
Suet. 3. ignavia (want of energy 
and spirit): to spend one’s life in 
luxury and s., per luxum atque i. aeta- 
tem agere, Sall. J. 2. 4, sodcordia 
(apathy, remissness): Join: socordia 
atque desidia, Auct. Her. 2, 23, 35: opp. 
to industria, Tac. A. 2, 38, med. 5. 
inertia (aversion to activity or labour) : 
more fully, inertia laboris, Cic. It. Com. 
8. 24. Join. segnities atque inertia, 
Liv 6. pigritia: Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 
where it is defined as metus consequentis 
laboris: Liv. (who uses the form pigri- 


ties). Il. Zhe animal: *bradypus, 
podis: Linn. 
slothful: 1, segnis, e (sluggish 


and dilatory): as.and apathetic pupil, 
puer s. et jacens, Quint. 1, 3,2: s. and 
inactive, s. inersque, Tib. 1, 1, 54: Cic.- 
Liv. 9. déses, idis (sitting idle, do- 
nothing: rare): Join: ignavus et 
deses, Gell.: deses atque imbellis, Liv. 
(Cie. appears not to use deses.) 3. 
désididsus (like preced.): most inactive 
and s. repose, inertissimum et desidi- 
osissimum otium, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, jim.: 
Plin. Ep. 4. ignavus (spiritless, 
indolent, cowardly): s. herd (Drones), i. 
pecus, Virg. Aen. I, 435: more de- 
finitely, operum et laboris ignavae 
{legiones], Tac. A. 11, 18, med. See 
alsO COWARDLY, SPIRITLESS. §, piger: 
V. SLUGGISH. 6, iners: v. INACTIVE, 
HELPLESS. 7. sOcors, rdis (careless, 
remiss): Ter. 8, tardus (slow, slug- 
gish): Caes. B. C. 1, 69 (nemo erat adeo 
tardus aut fugiens laboris): ‘Ter. 

slothfully : 1, segniter: Liv.: 

ac. Join: segniter, otiose, negli- 
genter, Liv. 2, 58. 2. ignave: Cic.: 
Hor. Also ignaviter: Hirt. 3. dé- 
sididsé (rare): Lucr. 4. sdcordius 
(more carelessly or remissly) : posit. not 
found: Liv.: Tae. 5, pigré: v. 
SLUGGISHLY. 

slothfulness : Vv. SLOTH. 

slouching (adj.): to walk with as. 
gait, perh. *incessu pigro ac parum 
erecto tirmoque uti: see also CLUMsyY. 

slough (subs.): |. A deep, miry 
place : 1. vorago, inis, 7. (any deep 
place in which persons or things may be 
swallowed up, esp. deep mire): the 
chariots stuck fast in the mud and 5.8, 
currus illuvie et voraginibus haerebant, 
Curt. 8, 14, ad init.: cf. Cat. 20, extr., 
in gravi coeno... in tenaci voragine 
(boggy mud that stichs to the feet). 2, 
coenum (foul mud or mire): V. MIRE. Or 
by circuml., locus coenosus (R. and A.). 
See also SWAMP, MARSH. (More pre- 
cisely, perh., *locus profundis voragini- 
bus.) I]. The cast sicin of a serpent: 

1, precise term, vernatio: Plin. 29, 

6, 35 (v. ponere). So, to cast the s., ver- 
nare, Plin. 8, 27, 41 (where the process 
is minniely described). 2. exiiviae, 
arum (skin or armour stripped off): 
Virg. Aen. 2,473. Also expr. by pellis: 
V. SKIN. 

slough (v.): Fhr.: the flesh s.s off, 
*caro in crustam quandam abit [cor- 
rumpitur] ac delabitur. 

sloven, slovenly: (homo) circa 
corporis curam negligentior (cf. Suet. 
Caes. 45, circa corporis curam morosior, 
over-particular) ; habitus cultusque in- 
curiosus (cf. id. Aug. 79, in capite 
comendo incuriosus) s. negligens. (Dis- 
cinctus is negligé rather than slovenly.) 

slovenliness: [agrestis et inhu- 
mana] negligentia, Cic. Off. 1, 36, 130. 
Also, incuria [corporis, habitus, cultus, 
incessus]: V. CARELESSNESS, NEGLIGENCE. 

slow: 1, tardus (in most appli- 
cations of the Eng.): opp. to velox: Cic. 
Inv. 1, 24, 35: the s. ass, t. asellus, Virg. 
G. 1, 293: s. in doing (to do) anything, 
t. ad aliquid faciendum, Cic. Fig., s. in 
intelligence: Join. (sensus) hebetis et 
tardi: indocilis tardusque, Cic.: tardus 
et segnis, Quint. Q. piger, gra, grum 
(naturally slow, sluggish): the s. ox, 
bos p., Hor.: v. SLUGGISH. 3. segnis 
(backward in doing anything, inactive, 
unenergetic) : Vv SLUGGISH, SLOTHFUL: 


I, 34, 127: opp. to industria, id. Sext. | a s. blockade, s. obsidio, Liv. 30, 10. s. 


156 





2k eS A ee 
Join: desidia segnitiesque, | to docnything, s.ad aliquid (faciendum), 


Cic. 4, lentus (lingering, slack, lazy): 
@ s. (tedious) business. 1, negotium, C.c. 
Att. I, 12: a herb :. wn cooling, herba 
in coquendo 1, Plii, 24, 15, y2: to covk 
by a s. fire, l. igne coquere, id. 16, 11, 
22: uw s. poison, 1. venenum (R. and A.), 

5, lenis, e (gentle and gradual in 
action): s. poisons, \. venena, Cic. Att. 


2,21,1° V.GENTLE. See also SLUGGISH, 
DULL, STUPID. 
slowly: 1, tardé: Cic.: Virg. 


2. lenté (gradually and without 
hurry): opp. to cito, Tac. Agr. 3: to 
vehementer, Plin. 18, 18, 47. Join: 
lente ac paullatim, Caes, 3, sensim 
(with just enough of motion to be ob- 
served by the eye): to rise s. (of the 
Nile), s. crescere, Plin. 5, 9, 10,957 to 
advance s., s. incedere, Liv. 10, §: opp. 
cursim (hurriedly), Cic. Ph. 2, 17. 
Join: sensim et pedetentim, Cic.: v. 
GRADUALLY. 4, segniter (withous 
energy or effort): Liv.: Tac.: v. SLoTH- 
FULLY. 

slowness: 1, tarditas: Cic.: 
Caes. Fig.: s. of thought, t. ingenil, Cic. 
Or. 68, 229: s. of hearung, t. aurium, 
Plin. 2. pigritia, segnitia: v.sLora. 

slow-worm: anguis fragilis: Cycl. 
(Perh. = caecilia, Col. 6, 17, init : ib.) 

sludge: tabes (liquescentis nivis): 
Liv. 21, 36, ied. 

slug: Vv. SNAIL. 

sluggard: (homo) ignavus, desidio- 
sus, etc.: v. SLOTHFUL, SLUGGISH. 

sluggish: 1. piger, gra, grum. 
a s.and almost motionless sea, mare p. 
ac prope immotum, Tac. G. 45: (the 
Arar), most s. of streams, pigerrimus 
undae, Sil.: 5. age, p. senecta, Cat. 92, 
ignavus: Vv. SLOTHFUL. 3, segnis, e: 
the s. Arar, s. Arar, Plin. 3, 4, 5: to 
pra‘se the alert and chide the s., landare 
priuptos, castigare s., Tac.: v. SLOTH- 
FUL. 4, lentus: as. stream, 1. amnis, 
Plin.: Virg. 5, iners: v. INACTIVE. 

sluggishly: ignave, pigré, segniter. 
Vv. SLOTHFULLY 

sluggishness: yigritia: v. sLorn, 
SLOWNESS. 

sluice: 1, nilus, euripus = ductn- 
aquarum: Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 2: Plin. by. 
I, 3 (euripus). 2, catarracta (flood- 
gate): Plin. Ep. 10, 69 (72). 

slumber (subs.) ¢ sOpor, somnus: v. 
SLEEP. 

slumber (v.): dormio: v. TO SLEEP 

slumbrous: somnifer, séporifer: v. 
SLEEPY, NARCOTIC. 

slur (svbs.): ndta, maciila: v, s>. 7, 
DISGRACE, 

slur (v.): ie. to pass lightly over 
perh. *leviter attingere, percurrere. 

slut: *mulier munditiae negligentis- 
sima, 

sluttish: *omnis [munditiae] habi- 
tus cultusque incuriosa. 

sly; astitus, argitus, callidus, etc.: 


v. CUNNING. The S. puss, mala, Pl. Rud. 
2, 5,9. 

slyly: astité, callidé, etc.: v. cun- 
NINGLY,. 


smack (.): A. Trans.: {, Zo 
make a sharp noise in striking, ete. : 
Phr.: he s.d (or cracked) his whip, 
insonuit flagello, Virg. Aen. 5, 579 (v¥. 
ro CRACK, A., IL): to s. one’s lips (in 
eating): *manducans labrorum strepi- 
tum edere (Georg.). |, To give a blow 
(with the hand): Phr.: tos. one’s ear, 
alapam alicui ducere, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2 (v. 
BOX, subs.: TO SLAP): cf. plana faciem 
contundere palma, Juv. 13, 128. Hl. 
To kiss noisily: Phr.: their lips sd 
in kissing as they met, osculis collisa 
labra crepitabant, Petr. 132, init.: he 
gave me, so to speak, a s.ing kiss every 
now and then, me tanquam furtivis 
subinde osculis verberabat, Petr. 26, 
med.: cf. basia alicui impingere, id. 31, 
init. : and, suavia oppingere, Pl. Cureul. 
T; ir, (60: B. Intrans.: To 
savour, taste of, q. V.: 1. sapio, ivi 
or ii, 3 (gen. with acc. denoting the 
taste): to s. of the sea, +. mare, Sen. 
Q. N. 3, 18. to s. badly of oil, oleum 
male s., Cato R. R. 66: Vv. FLAVOUR 











SMACK 





(subs. and verb). 2. résipio, 3 (like 
faplo). the grape s.s of the pitch, (uva) 
pier. ~., Plin. 14, 1, 3, $18. Kig.: those 
comed es s. of the style of Plautus, istae 
(comoediae) r stilum Plautinum, Gell. 
3,3,ad fin. 3, dleo, dlui, 2 (gen. with 
acc. of the object of smell): to s. of 
saffron, crocum o., Cic. de Or. 3, 25,99 
cf. vina fere dulces oluerunt mane Ua- 
menae, Hor. Ep. 1. 19, 5. Fig.: tos. 
of the foreigner, o. peregrinum, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 12, 44. 4, réddleo, 2: vinum 
redolens, Cic.- unguenta, Plin.: see also 
TOSMELL. Fig.: speeches s.ing of anti- 
ity, orationes redolentes antiquitatem, 
ic. Brut. 21, 82. 
smack (subs.): |. A sharp noise 
made witb a whip), flagelli sonus, Sen. 
p- 122, ad fin.: v. TO smack (A., L). 
Il. 4 blow with the hand: Alapa, 
Phaedr.: Juv.. v BOX, SLAP. {IJ, 4 
loud kiss: perh. *sonans basium or ba- 
sium simply: v. Tro smack (A,, II1.). 
IV, Flavour, taste, savour: ake 
Lit. sApor, gustatus, gustus: v. FLa- 
VOUR, TASTE, TO SMACK (B.). 2, Fig.: 
Phr.: as. of the boor, subagreste quid- 
dam, Cic. Brut. 74, 259. VY. A small 
sailing-vessel : }, lénunculus- Caes. 
B.C. 2, 43. 2, horia (also oria): a 
fishing-smaclk V1. Rud. 4, 2, 5: Gell. 
Io, 25, ad jin. 3. piscatoria navis 
(like preced.) Caes. B. C. 2, 4. 
small (adj.): | Inordinary senses - 
, parvus, minor, minimus: in most 
senses . (d.) of size; s. children, p. liberi, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 3}: to see how s. the earth 
ts, videre quam p. sit terra, id. ib. 1, 17, 
26. (.) of ery: a s. portion, p. 
pars, Virg.: Cic.: a s. number of ships, 
p. Dumerus navium, Nep. Them. 5, 
extr: a s. sum of money, p. pecunia, 
Cie. (c.) of small importance: to com- 
pare s. things with great, parva com- 
Pere magnis, Virg. G. 4, 176: to 
ve s. faith in one, p. fidem habere 
alicui, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 117 (V SLIGHT): 
as. fault, p. vitium, Cic. no s. favour, 
beneficium non p., id. Join: p, ac 
mediocris, p. et modicus, id.: v. UN- 
IMPORTANT, TRIFLING ; esp. in phr. parvi 
or parvo (at a s. price, of s. value): 
to value at a s. price, parvi, minimi 
facere, aestimare, Cic.: bought for how 
much? for a s. sum, quanti emptus? 
parvo, Hor. S. 2, 3, 156: cf. Cic. Att. 1, 
3,2: v.also CHEAP. (d.) not eminent, 
obscure: aman of s. talent, (homo) p. 
ingenio, Plin. Ep. 6, 29, ad med.: this 
work let us, whether s. or great, hasten 
on, hoe studium parvi properemus et 
ampli, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 28: V. MEAN, IN- 
SIGNIFICANT. Jery S., parvulus (usu. 


fig. - esp. of age): a very s. engagement, | 


loss, p. proelium, detrimentum, Caes. : 
also as subs.: from a very 8. child, a 
parvulo, Ter Caes. Also perparvus: 
very s. seeds, p. semina, Lucr. 3, 217: 
cf. p. culpa, controversia, Cic. Also per- 
parvulus (very rare): p. sigilla, Cic. Verr. 
2, 4, 43,95. Also pauxillus, pauxillulus, 
Plaut. 9, piisillus (usu. in econtemp- 
tuous sense; V. PUNY): @ S. mouse, p. 
mus, Plaut.: an exceedingly s. villa, 
viilula valde pusilla, Cic. Fig.: s. 
ability, p.ingenium, Mart. Join: it is 
as. matter, hoc leve est et p., id. 4, 43, 9: 
cf. terra malos homines nunc educat 
atque pusillos, Juv. 15, Jo. Very s., 
perpiisillus Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245. 3, 
exiguus (very small, tiny): v. LITTLE (2). 

4, brévis, e (poet. and late = parvus, 
exiguus): @ very s. and insignificant 
fraction, exigua pars brevisque, Lucr. 
5. 591 smaller leaves, breviora folia, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 26: b. ignis, tactus, stre- 
pitus, Ov. vy SLIGHT. 5, minitus +s 
s (opp. to capital) letters, literae m., 
PL Bacch. 4, 9, 68. ||. Of the mind, 
small, weak: s. of mind, exiguus animi, 
Claud. in Eutrop. 2, 381 Join: tenuis 
atque infirmus animus, Caes. B.C. 1, 32, 
extr : of as. mind, pusilli, parvi s. an- 
gusti animi(v NARROW-MINDED).  |If. 
Of small resources exiguus, angustus, 
brévis, tenuis v. FORTUNE (1II.), PINCH- 
ING, SCANTY, SLENDER. tV. Of the 
Voice, subdued or jatnt:  L parvus 


SMALL-CRAFT 


(subdued): p. vox (opp. magna), Cic. de 
Or. 3, 57, 216, where also contractus, 
attenuatus, are simly. used cf. sum- 
missus (v Low, IV., ii.). 2. exiguus 
(opp. grandis) Quint. 11, 3, post init. 

3, exilis, e {opp plenns), ib. 4, 
piisillus (weak): vox p., ib. v. WEAK. 

5, languens (affectedly faint) : Cic. 
Off. 1, 37, 133: see also MINCING (adj.), 
MINCINGLY. Phr.. a@s.er fire, contractior 
ignis, Lucr. 5, 569: the wild oxen are 
somewhat ser than elephants, uri sunt 
magnitudine paulo infra elephantos, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 28: a s. painting, perh. 
minuta tabella s. pictura (v. MINIATURE): 
to sell in s. quantities, divendere, Cic. : 
Tac.: distrahere, Suet.: v. TO RETAIL: 
of s. account, vilis, Cic.: to consider of 8. 
account, levi momento aestimare, Caes. : 
vilipendere, Pl. Truc. 2, 6, 58: to have a 
s. (or poor) opinion of one, male existi- 
mare de aliquo, Cic.: I have a s. re- 
quest te make, habeo paulum quod 
reqniram (Georg.): to enquire into the 
s.est detail, minutatim interrogare, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 29, 92. (N.B.—Small is often 
denoted in Latin by a dimin. word: 
e. g. a s. book, libellus: a s. field, 
agellus: etc.) 

small, tomake: |. Lit: 1. 
comminuo, confringo (Vv. TO BREAK IN 
PIECES). 2. frango, solvo, dissolvo 
(v. TO BREAK UP). Phr.: to make 
| quite s. (i. e. reduce to powder), ad mi- 
nutiam redigere, Sen. Ep. go, circa med. 
See also POWDER (subs.), TO POUND, 
MINCE. Il. Fig. colloq.. to make 
| one feel or look s., ruborem alicui in- 
cutere, Liv.- inferre, imponere, Mart. . 
rubores alicui elicere, Auct. Her.: see 
also TO HUMBLE, SNUB, DETRACT FROM, 
DISPARAGE, ECLIPSE. 

smal] (subs.): in Phr.: the s. of the 
back, leg, etc., *dorsi, cruris, etc., pars 
gracilior. 

small as, as: quantiilus alone in 
Cic. (not tantulus quantulus): he re- 
turned to the woman as s. an amount 
(or as little) as he thought proper, 
mulieri reddidit quantulum visum est, 
Cic. Div in Caecil. 17, 57: ef. id. de 
Div. 2, 65, 134. Horace has tantulus 
-... Quantus: who has as s. wants as 
necessity obliges, qui tantuli eget quan- 
tum est opus, S. 1, 1, 59. May be expr. 
also by tam .... quam. 

—, how: 1, quantiilus (in direct 
or indirect questions, and in exclama- 
tions): how s. the sun appears to us, 
q. sol nobis videtur, Cic. Acad. 2, 26, 82: 
I know not how s.a quantity he brought, 
nescio q. attulerit, Pl. Bacch. 2, 4, 87. 

2, quantillus (like quantulus) : 
Plaut. 3. quantus (very rare in this 
sense)’ homunculi q. sunt, PL Capt. 
Prol. 51: id. Rud. 1, 2, 66. 

——, howsoever, however small: 
quantuluscunque, Cic.: cf. quantulus- 
libet, Ulp. Dig.: quantulusquisque, 
Gell, epilog.; v. HOWEVER (II.). Phr.: 
however s, they be, quantumvis (v. /. 
quamvis) exigua sint, Sen. Ep. 85. 





but best expr. by aliquantulum, paulo, 
paulum (v. somEWHAT, adv.), with adj. 

——, too: may be expr. by: justo 
miuor, brevior, etc.: parum magnus, 
etc. 

——, very: parvulus, minimus, per- 
parvus, etc.: v. SMALL (adj., 1.). 

smallage: apium: Hor.: Virg. 
| *Apium graveolens, Linn.). See also 
CELERY. 

small-arms: *tela sclopetis (stl-) 
missa (Georg.): see also GUN, MUSKET, 





— -beer: “‘*cerevisia dilutior 
(Georg.). Prov.: not to think s. of 
oneself, aliquem se putare (Vv, SOME, 
subs., 1, Phr.). 

— -clothes: bracae (braccae), 
arum (V. BREECHES)- féminalia, ium 
(Vv DRAWERS). 

— -coin: VY. CHANGE (III1.). 
-craft : 1, navicila Cic.- 

2 navigiolum Lentul. in Cic. 
(Also navigia minita, 





Caes, 
Fam. 12, 15,2 
id. Att. 16,1 3.) 


——, somewhat: minusculus, Cic. ; | 


SMART-MONEY 


smallness: 1, parvitas (rare): 
| bonds of a sort that could not be seem 
owing to their s., vincula talia quae cern! 
non possent propter p., Cic. Tim. 13, 41: 
also in pl., opp. magnitudines, Gell. 1, 3, 
ad fin. Q. exiguitas: s. of the camp, 
castrorum e., Caes. B.G. 4, 30: s. (or 
insignificance) of pleasures, (volupta- 
tum) e., Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 29: V. SCANTI- 
NESS, INSIGNIFICANCE. 8, ténuitas: 
s. (or slimness) of the legs, crurum t., 
Phaedr. 1, 12, 6: cf. t. caudae, cribri, 
lini, Plin. v. FINENESS, MINUTENESS, 
SLENDERNESS, SLIMNESS. 4, exilitas- 
the s. of a woman’s voice, e. femineae 
vocis, Quint. 1, 11, 1: see also MEAGRE- 
NESS, THINNESS. 5. gracilitas (like 
tenuitas): g. cervicis et crurum, Suet, 
Cal. 50° v.SLENDERNESS. 6, brévitas: 
8. of stature, brevitas (sc. corporum, 
or perh. brevitas simply), opp. magni- 
tudo corporum, Caes. B. G. 2, 30, fin.: 
V. SHORTNESS. Also = exiguitas: b. cor- 
poris, Lucr. 2, 483. (May be expr. also 
by adj.: v. SMALL). Phr.: s. of soul, 
angustiae pectoris, Cic. Pis. 11, 24: or 
expr. by animus apgustus, parvus, 
pusillus. 

small-pox: * varidlae, arum. 

—  -shot: *grando plumbea. 

—— -sword: perh. ensis, gladius. 

— -talk: garritus, us, Sid. Ep. 3, 
6, med.: expr. also by periphr.: when 
we are face to face and indulge in s., 
cum coram sumus et garrimus quidquid 
in buccam (sc. venit: i. e. whatever 
comes uppermost), Cic. Att. 12, I, 2: ef. 
vario sermone garrimus, Petr. 55: see 
also cHAT (subs.): and for bad sense, 
V. CHATTERING (II.), BABBLING. 
-tooth-comb: *pecten dentibus 
tenuissimis. 

smalt: v. ENAMEL (subs.). 

smart (v.): to feel sharp pain 
(lit. and fig.): no precise word: perb. 
the pass. of mordeo, pungo, uro and 
compds. peruro, aduro, etc., may serve : 
e.g. s.ing under the lash, fuuibus per- 
ustus, Hor.: tos. with secret grief, dolore 
occulto morderi, Ov. M. 2, 805. Less 
precisely expr. by doleo, dolor with verb, 
etc. (Vv. PAINFUL). Phr: J s. for my 
Jolly, ego pretium ob stultitiam fero, 
Ter. Andr. 3, 5, 4: to do a thing without 
s.ing for it, impune aliquid facere, Cic. 
(v. iMpuNITY). you would s. for it, 
ferres infortunium, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 24 
Twill make him s. for it, hoc non im- 
pune fecerit: hoc non impunitum omit- 
tam (Georg.). 

smart (subs.): A. Lit.: trédo, 
inis, f. (a burning itch): in pl., Plin. g, 
| 45, 68 § 147. B. Fig.: morsus, as, 
m. (fig. in Cic.): s. of grief, m. doloris, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 15: cf. m. libertatis inter- 
missae, id. Off. 2, 7,24. Less precise are 
| cruciamentum, tormentum, dolor, ete. : 
V. AGONY, PAIN, GRIEF. 

smart (adj.): j. Of pain, grief, etc., 
keen, poignant, q. V.: acer, acerbus. 

||. Spirited, vigorous, violent, q. Vv.: 
| acer; to have a s. engagement, a. proee 
lium facere, Tac. A. 12, 40: cf. acerri- 
mum bellum, Cic. Balb. 6, 14. Also expr. 
by acriter with verb: to havea s. fight, 
acriter pugnare, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3: cf. 
vehemens, furiosus, etc. (V. FURIOUS). 
II]. Active, energetic, q. v.: Acer, 

alacer, impiger, strénuus, etc. See also 
CLEVER, SKILFUL. IV. Witty, face- 
tious, q. v.: ficétus, salsus, lépidus, ete. : 
v. also acute (iLL), Quick. V. £le- 
gant, fine, showy, q. V.: nitidus, lantus, 
mundus, bellus, etc.: v. also DANDY. 
V|. Of color, lively, bright of hue: 
| 
| 
| 











fldridus, végétus, splendidus: v. Gar, 
Vi|. Of the wind, fresh, q. v. 
Vigorously, violently : 
acriter: v. SMART (adj., II.). 
2, graviter: to strike one s., ali- 
quem ferire g., Virg. Aen. 12, 295 th 
winds blowing s., g. spitantibus flabris, 
Lucr. ||, Actively, energetically, q. v.: 
impigré, strénueé - v. also CLEVERLY, SKIL- 
ill. Wittily, q. v.: facété, 
salsé : or expr. by adj. 
smart-money: |. 4 forfeit : péc 
; Unia multaticia, Liv. 10, 23, extr.: oF 
757 


BRIGHT. 


smartly: |. 
ie 


FULLY 


SMARTNESS 


SMELL, SMELLING 


SMELLING -BOTTLE 





multa (muleta) simply; Liv : Cic.: v. 
FINE (swbs.). I]. in law, damages 
beyond a full compensation for the 
actual injury done: expr by periphr. : 
e. g. lites severe aestimare, Cic.: noxiam 
duplione decernere, Plin. (v DAMAGE, 
If.). I]. Afoney allowed to soldiers 
or sailors for wounds or injuries re- 
ceived: perh. donativum may serve, 
Tac. H. 1, 18 (though strictly this was 
an indiscriminate dole to the soldiers 
under the empire) Suet.: or if an 
annual gift, *annuum emeritum (v. 
PENSION). 

smartness. |. Of mental pain : 
Zcerbitas, Cic. Of bodily pain, best expr. 
by adj. (v smart, I.) or less precisely 
by magnitudo with subs.: e.g., s. of 
punishment, m. poenae, Caes.: v. also 
POIGNANCY,SEVERITY. ||, Impetwosity, 
vehemence, q. v.: impetus, vis, violentia, 
etc.: or expr by adj II]. Alertness : 
alacritas: v.SPRIGHTLINEsS.  |VY, Wit- 
tiness, q. v.: v. HUMOUR (III.), PoINT 
(IL), ACUTENEss. V. Showiness : best 
expr by adj. (v. smart, V., VL). 

smart-ticket (a certificate given to 
wounded sailors and soldiers, entitling 
them to smart-money): *testimonium 
scriptum s. per tabulas factum: v. CER- 
TIFICATE. 

smash (v.): comminuo, confringo: 
Vv. TO BREAK. 

smash (subs.): fractura, dissdlitio 
(Vv. BREAKING, subs.): or expr. by verb: 
Phr. collog.: I went utterly to s. in 
my affairs, omnis res mea fracta est, 
Hor. 8. 2, 3, 18 (metaph. from a ship- 
wreck). cf. naufragium fortunarum or 
rei familiaris (bankruptcy): Cic. 

smatter (v-) : |, To have a super- 
ficial knowledge: v. TO DABBLE (II.). 

[|]. To talk superficially or igno- 

rantly : Vv. TO BABBLE. 

smatter, smattering (svbs.) : expr. 
by periphr.: a s. of knowledge, cognitio 
manca atque inchoata (based on Cic. Off. 
I, 43, 153): * levis artis alicujus scientia. 
Phr.: having as. of philosophy, odoratus 
philosophiam, Tac. Or. 19, med.: to have 
a s. of, aliquid primoribus labris attin- 
gere, Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87: studies of 
which it is enough to have a s., studia 
quibus perfundi satis est, Sen. Ep. 36, 


post tnit. 
smatterer: |. In learning, gene- 
rally : 1, litérator (opp. literatus, a 


man of real learning): Suet. Gramm. 4, 
med. (v. infr., I1.): alter literator fuit, 
alter literas sciens, Gell. 18, 9, ad init. 
9, semidoctus: Cic.: Mart.: cf. 
Quint. 1, 1 (nihil enim pejus est iis qui 
paulum aliquid ultra primas literas pro- 
gressi, falsam sibiscientiae persuasionem 
induerunt). 8, médiocriter doctus, 
Suet. (v. infr., IL). 4, scidlus (very 
late, and not to be imitated): Arn. 2, 86. 
||. In grammar: grammatista: cf. 
Suet. Gramm. 4, post med. (sunt qui lite- 
ratum a literatore distinguant, ut Graeci 
grammaticum a grammatista, et illum 
quidern absolute, hunc mediocriter doc- 
tum existiment). II]. In poetry: 
poéta médiocris: v. POETASTER, VER- 
SIFIER. IV. In medicine perh. em- 
piricus (a physician whose art ts founded 
solely on practice): v. QUACK. Phr.: 
as.insome art or other, * primis alicujus 
artis rudimentis vix imbutns (Ainsw.): 
Vv. DABBLER. 
smear (v.): 1, Jo cover with a 
greasy substance: lino, circumlino, per- 
Tino, collino, illino, oblino (Vv. TO BE- 
SMEAR). ||. Zo anoint with oil: ungo, 
Inungo, ptrungo: v. TO ANOINT. ll. 
To lay on plaster, etc. + induco, trullisso, 
gypso (Vv. TO PLASTER): pico, impico (v. 
ro piTcH, LV.). IV. To smear over, 
rub out anything written (7. e. by smear- 
ing the wax with the broad end of the 
style) : 1, lino, livi, and lévi, litum, 
3: Isee very many things that deserve 
to be s.’d over, plurima cerno digna lini, 
Ov. Pont. 1, 5, 15. 2, oblino, lévi, 
litum, 3° vestrum obleverunt et vestri 
superscripserunt, Gell. 20, 6, fin.: Vv. TO 
BLOT OUT, ERASE, OBLITERATE, 
smell (v.): AY Crean, I. 
158 








Lit.: To perceive by the nose, smell at, 
examine by smelling, smell. out, detect 
by smelling : 1. olfacio, téci, factum, 
3 tos anything, aliquid o., Cic. Tusc. 
5, 38, 111. 9. olfacto, 1 to s. at a 
dress, 0. vestimentum, Pl, Men. 1, 2, 56: 
to s. at a branch of penny-royal, pulegii 
ramum 0., Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 155. ‘ 
édoror, 1 J will go and s. out like a 
hound, ibo odorans quasi canis venaticus, 
Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 113: cf. cibum o., Hor. 
Epod. 6, to. Join (fig.): indagare et 
odorari aliquid, Cic. Verr. 2, 54, 135. 
Phr.: tos. at a nosegay, fasciculum ad 
nares admovere, Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 43: cf. 
ducere naribus tura, Hor. Od. 4, I, 21. 

||. Fig.: olfacio: or should I not 
have smelt him out six entire months, 
before he attempted any such project, aut 
non sex totis mensibus prius olfecissem 
quam ille quicquam coeperet, Ter. Ad. 
3, 3,42: to s. out money, 0. nummMumM, 
Cic. Agr. 1, 4,11. Phr.: to s. out the 
bribery of Staienus, odore suspicionis 
Staienum corruptum esse sentire, Cic. 
Clu. 24, 73: she has smelt your purse, 
marsupium huic oboluit, Pl. Men. 2, 3, 
33: my wife now s.s out my design, 
subolet hoc jam uxori quod ego machi- 
nor, ib. 2, 3, 59: V. TO TRACK OUT, SCENT 
OUT, DETECT, FIND OUT. B, In- 
trans.: to emit a s., or to s. of: 

1, dleo, Slui, 2 (constr. absol. or 
with acc.: less freq. with abl. of the 
thing): women seemed to s. well, because 
they smelt of nothing (i.e. had no per- 


fumes), wulieres ideo bene olere, quia 


nihil olebant, videbantur, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 
I: to s. well, bene olere (v. supr.): ju- 
cunde o., Plin. 20, 17, 69, § 177: to s. al, 
male o., Plaut.: he s.s of perfumes, olet 
unguenta, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 37: tos. of sul- 
phur, o. sulphure, Ov. M. 5, 405. Also 
in fig. sense (v. To smack, B. II. 3: 10 
BETRAY, II. 3). Q. rédodleo, ui, 2 
(like oleo in constr.: lit. and fig.: v. TO 
smack, B. II. 4). 3, dbdleo, 2 (fo s. 
strong, stink): you s. of garlic, obol- 
uisti allium, Pl. Most. 1, 1, 38: v. TO 
STINK. 4, péroleo, 2 (to emit a pene- 
trating odour): Lucr. 6, 1153. 5 
fragro, I (usu. with abl. of the thing) 
you always s. of casia and cinnamon, 
semper casiaque cinnamoque fragras, 
Mart. 6, 55, 1, and pass. Also of un- 
pleasant odours: that you may not s. 
offensively of yesterday's wine, ne gravis 
hesterno fragres vino, id. 1, 87, 1: but 
gen. found in pres. part.: V. SMELLING 
(adj.) G, halo, 1: v. TO EXHALE (2), 
FRAGRANCE. 7. spiro, t: whether the 
cinnamon s. flat, seu spirent cinnama 
surdum, Pers. 6, 35: plenty of strong- 
sing savory, graviter spirantis copia 
thymbrae, Virg. G. 4, 31. 8, sapio, 
ivi or ii, 3 (rare in this sense) to s. of 
perfumes, unguenta s., Plin. 17, 5, 3, 
§ 38 cf. Pl. Ps. 2, 4, 47- 9, expr. by 
odor with verb: e.g., jactare odorem, 
Virg. G. 2, 132: spirare o., id. Aen. I, 
407 (404): spargere o., Hor. Od. 2, 15, 7: 
reddere odorem, Plin. 36, 23, 55 § 177. 
10, foeteo, puteo, 2, etc.: v. TO 
sTInK. Phr.: the scent s.s strong, odor 
nares opplet, Varr. R. R. 3, 4, extr.: 
whose breath s.s rank, cui os oleat, Ulp. 
Dig.: ef. anima foetet, Pl. As. 5, 2, 44. 
smell, smelling (subs.): |. The 
sense of smell: 1, ddoratus, ts, m. : 
there is no need to speak about taste and 
s., nihil necesse est de gustatu et o. loqui, 
Cic. Acad. 2, 7, 20: insects have eyes, 
some even have s., insecta habent oculos, 
aliqua et o., Plin. 11, 4, 3, § Io. i. 
olfactus, iis, m.: it is plainly evident 
that fishes have s., piscibus olfactum esse 
manifeste patet, Plin. 10, 70, go, § 194. 
Phr.: keenness of s., sagacitas narium, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: also sagacitas ca- 
num, simply, Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 92 (v. TO 
SMELL, A., L., 1.): the keen s. (or scent) 
of dogs, odora canum vis, Virg. Aen. 4, 
132 (V. KEEN-SCENTED). hence fig., to 
have a keen s., sagaciter odorari, Hor. 
Epod. 12, 4, opp. naris obesae, fig., of 
dull scent, intelligence, ib. 12, 2: devoid 
of s., *odoratu, odoris sensu carens 
(Georg.). not that they had no s., non 








quia nasus illis nullus erat, Hor. 8. 2, 2, 
89. Il. Zhe act of sing: a 
bdoratio, Onis, f.: the delight of acts of 
s., delectatio odorationum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
9, 20. Q, odoratus, is, m.: not only 
ts the tasting of them pleasant, but the 
s. (or s.ing) of them also, eorum jucun- 
dus non gustatus solum, sed odoratus 
etiam, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, § 158. 3. ol- 
factus, Us, m.: Plin. 21, 21, 89, § 156. 

Il]. Scent, odour : 1, 6dos (or 
Odor), Oris, m.: every s. ascends, omnis 
o. ad supera fertur, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141. 
Join. a pleasant s., 0. suavis et ju- 
cundus, Cic. (v. SCENT, PERFUME, FRA- 
GRANCE): @ bad s., 0. teter, Caes. (v_ 
STENCH, STINK), or odor, simply, Sall. - 
Suet.: a strong s. of marigold, gravis 0. 
calthae, Plin. 21, 6, 15, § 28: @ herb of 
a pleasantly strong s., herba o. suaviter 
gravi, id. 25, 9, 70, § 118: cf. o. jucunde 
gravi, id. 21, Io, 34,§ 60: a pungent s., 
o. argutus. id. 15, 3, 4, § 18: 0. asper, 
id. 27, 8, 41, § 64. acer o., id. 12, 17, 40, 
§ 80. excitatus 0., id. 20, 17, 71, § 182. 
Phr.: tmpregnated with a s., (odore) 
imbutus, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 69: ef. alieno o. 
infici (based on, alieno sapore infici, 
Plin. 15, 3,4,§ 17: R.and A.): without 
s., *odore carens, odore nullo, cui nullus 
odor est, sine odore esse (Georg.): [For 
to have, emit @ s., V. TO SMELL, B.): 
beyond two months it does not retain its 
S., Supra duos menses odor ejus non per 
manet integer (based on Col. 12, 49, ad 
jin., where we find sapor instead of odor). 

9. nidor, oris, m. (kvioa, the scent 
or steam of anything roast, boiled or 
burnt): let the Penates grow fat, 
drenched in festal s. (or steam), pingue- 
scant madidi laeto n. Penates, Mart. 7, 
21, 5: a foul kind of s. from burnt 
feather, foedus quidam n. ex adusta 
pluma, Liv. 38, 7, ezt7.: Plin. Join; 
to stand in the s. of the cook-shops, in 
ganearum n. atque fume stare, Cic. Pis. 
6, 13. 8. spiritus, iis, m.: (rare in 
this sense): @ sweet s. of ume, 8. 
unguenti suavis, Lucr. 3, 223: cf. s. 
florum naribus haustus, Gell. 9, 4, post 
med.: a foul s., s. foedi odoris, Cels. 5, 
26, 31, jin. 4, halitus, ts, m.: v. 
FUME (subs. I.). 5, anhélitus, is, m. 
(of spirit, wine, etc.): s. (or fumes) of 
wine, vini a., Cic. post Red. 7,16. [In 
the same sense, anima is used: the s. of 
wine, a. amphorae, Phaedr. 3, 1, 5]: v- 
FUME (subs.). 6. aura (poet.): @ 
sweet s., (or odour), dulcis a., Virg. G. 4, 
417: cf. si tantum notas odor attulit 
auras, ib. 3, 251: the savoury s.s from 
the sheepfolds, pingues ab ovilibus aurae, 
Stat. Th. 10, 46. 7, gravedlentia (a 
vank s.): rank s. of the arm-pits, g. 
alarum, Plin. 22, 22, 43, § 87. Phr.: 
pleasant s.s given off from flowers, 
suavitas odorum qui e floribus afflantur, 
Cie. Sen. 19, 59: one kind of saffron has 
no s., the other has, unum (genus croci) 
hebes, alterum odoratum, Plin. 21, 11, 


39, § 67. ‘ i 
smelling (aqj.): _— |. Smelling 
sweetly : suavis, suavedlens, Oolens 


(oftener used in bad sense), ddératus, 
ddorifer, 6dOrus: Vv. FRAGRANT, SWEET. 
Also fragrans, Virg.: Cat.: bene olidus, 
Col. Phr.. all sorts of sweet-s.ing 
flowers, omnis copia narium, Hor. Od. 
2, 15,6. ||. Sing wd: j, dlidus: 
o. capra, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 29: 0. senex, 
Suet. Tib. 45: 0. vulpes, Mart. ro, 34, 
I3: V. RANK. 2. gravedlens, entis 
fauces g. Averni, Virg. Aen. 6, 201: 
App. de Mundo, p. 74: cf. foetidus AS 
FETID), foedus, téter (v. Four, adj. 1.), 
putidus, rancidus (Vv. RANCID, STINKING). 

Ill. Sing strongly: 1, gravis, 
e- g.hircus, Hor. : see alsO RANK. 2 
gravedlens, entis. strong-s.ing centaury, 
g. centaurea, Virg. G. 4, 270: V. PUN- 
GENT. (N.B—May be expr. also by 
gen. of odor with adj.: e.g. a pungent 
s.ing herb, herba odoris asperi [v. SMELL, 
subs., III. 1): @ most sweet-s.ing root, 
radix suavissimi odoris, Plin. 25, 9, 64, 


§ Io.) 
1, olfactorium : Plin. 


— -bottle: a 
20,9, 36,§92. 2, olfactoridlum olfac- 





ee 











SMELLING-SALTS 





toriola vascula sunt mulieh=1a, in quibus 
odoramenta gestantur, Isid. Or. 19, 31. 

smelling-salts; *sal olfactorius 
(Georg.). 

smelt (subs.): *Salmo eperlanus,Linn. 

smelt (v.): _ 1, céqno, coxi, coc- 
tum, 3: to s. gold with lead, c. aurum 
cum plumbo, Plin. 33, 3, 19, § 60. DS 
excdquo, 3: fires.s out flaw from metals, 
ignis vitium metallis excoquit, Ov. Fast. 
4, 785. 3. fundo, fidi, fisum, 3: to 
s. copper, f. aes, Plin. 34. 2, 3, § 5: stone 
is useful in s.ing glass, lapis fundendo 
vitro utilis, id. 34, 14, 42, § 148. For 
liquéfacio, liquo, conflu, v. TO MELT, 


smelter 2 1, flator, dris, m. : 
i Q. fiatirarius (a metal- 


Peles 
fiisor, Oris, m. (like preced.): Cod. Just. 
10,64. 4, auricoctor, ris, m. (a gold- 
refiner): Inscr. 

smelting (subs.): the act of sing: 
, fiatura: aeris f., Vitr. 2, 7, ad 
jin. 2. conflatiira (very rare): Plin. 
7, 56,57,§197- 8, fistra: f. plumbi, 
id. 33, 6, 35, § 106 4, fiisio, Onis, f. : 
Cod. Theod. 9, 21, 3. 
—  -furnace: acraria fornax, Plin. 
II, 36, 42, § 119: V. FURNACE. 


— -house: 1, aeraria (sc. offi- 
cina): Varr. L. L. 8, 33. 2, *officina 
fiisoria. 

— -pot: 1, c&tinus: Plin. 33, 

21, § 69. Q, fictile: id. 33, 9, 46, 

13 


x 
smerlin (@ jish): *Cobitis aculeata, 
smew (an aquatic fowl): * Mergus 
albellus, Linn. 
smilacin (in Chem.): *smilax sarsa- 
parilla, M. L.: *smilacina. 
smile (v-.): j. subrideo (surr.), 
si, 2: she sd wrth sidelong glances, 
limis subrisit ocellis, Ov. Am. 3, I, 33: 
to s. softly, molle s., Pers. 3, 110: Cic.: 
Virg. Q, rénideo, 2 (of a smile light- 
ing up the features): Egnatius, because 
he has white teeth, s.s on every occasion, 
E., quod candidos habet dentes, r. us- 
quequaque, Cat. 37 (39), 1, and freq. in 
this poem: gen. found in pres. part. (v. 
SMILING, adj.). Fig.: Fortune s.ing on 
mé, mihi renidens Fortuna, App. M. 10, 
p. 246. 8. arridéo (adr-), risi, risum, 
2 (to s. upon, esp. approvingly : used by 
Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 11, in opp. to derideo: 
constr. absol., or with dat.: more rarely 
with acc.): when I have laughed, you s., 
quum risi, arrides, Ov. M. 3,457: men’s 
Jaces s. on those who s., ridentibus ar- 
rident humani vultus, Hor. A. P. tor: 
scarcely to s. familiarly upon his 
Jriends, vix notis familiariter a., Liv. 41, 
20, init. Fig.: when the weather is s.- 
ing, quum tempestas a. Lucr. 2, 23 
(32): ef. quandoque mihi Fortunae arri- 
serit hora, Petr. 133, 12. 4, rideo, 
Tisi, risum, 2 (to s. pleasantly on: absol., 
or with ad, or dat.): the propitious 
deities s.d and granted (your request), 
riserunt faciles et tribuere dei, Mart. 1, 
104: (of an infant), fo s. sweetly on its 
father, dulce r. ad patrem, Cat. 59 (61), 
212: (also with acc. but very rarely: 
uasi muti silent neque me rident, Pl. 
pt. 3, 1, 21). Fig.: the levels of the 
sea s. upon thee (i.e. look brightly up to 
thee), tibi rident aequora ponti, Lucr. 1, 
8: Cat.: Hor.: ef. florum coloribus al- 
mus ridet ager, Ov. M. 15,205. Join: 
while Fortune s.s, dum juvat et vultu 
ridet Fortuna sereno, Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 27: 
with which cf. Tac. H. 2, 12, init., blan- 
diebatur coeptis fortuna: Ov. M. 1, 3, 
Di coeptis aspirate meis: Liv. 30, 30, 
¢ med., mihi talis fortuna affulsit: 
irg. G. 1, 18, adsis, o Tegeaee, favens. 
smile (subs.): risus: Cic. Or expr. 
verb: e.g , scarcely to bestow a fami- 
liar s. upon his friends, vix notis fami- 
liariter arridere (v. TO SMILE): with a 
$s. not unmingled with rage, subridens 
mixta ira, Virg. Aen. 10, 742: with a 
Jalse s. on his face, falsum_renidens 
vultu, Tac. A. 4, 60, med. Phr.: to 
elicit a s. from mourners, risum lugenti- 
bus svocare, Sen. Ep. 29, ad med.: ta 


SMOKE 


SMOKING 





produce a s. (at another’s expense), ex- | to s. hams, in fumo (pernas) suspendere, 


cutere risum, Hor, S. 1, 4, 35 (but see 
Orell. ad 1.). 

smiling (adj.): 14, rénidens: that 
wantonly s. boy (Cupid), iste lascivus 
ac r., Sen. Hippol. 277. 2. ridens: 
mixta ridenti colocasia acantho, Virg. 
E. 4, 20. Phr.: Join: to havea s. 
countenance, esse vultu hilari atque 
laeto, Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100. 

smilingly: expr. by part. or adj.: 
subridens, arridens: to look s., esse vultu 
hilari atque laeto, Cic. 

smirch: v. To sore (I.). 

smirk (v.): perh. *mimicé, mdlesté 
subridére (based on: incedere mimice ac 
moleste, Cat. 40, (42), 7: or, *amicitiae 
simulatione subridere: *inepte et fri- 
gide subridere. 

smirk (subs.): risus Ineptus, Cat. 37 
(39), 16: less precisely, ficti simulatique 
vultus (cf. Cic. Clu. 26, 72): molestus 
vultus, Quint. 

smite: |. Lit.: ferio, 4 (in most 
senses): so that thou smitest thy fore- 
head (as a sign of vexation), ut frontem 
ferias, Cic. Att. I, I, I: V. TO STRIKE. 

Il. Fig.: to be smitten (with love), 

ardére, amore ardére, depérire amore, 
effisé amare (v. PASSIONATELY): also 
flagrare amore alicujus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, 
71 (v. TO LOVE): incensus amore, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 298: amore capture, Liv. 30, 12, 
ad jfin.: cf. amore perire, Virg. E. 10, 
19: misere amare, Pl. Mil. 4, 6, 32: per- 
dite amare, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 45: in- 
sanire amores, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 25: 
insane amare, Pl. Cure. 1, 3, 20. 

smith: faber, bri, m. (gen. plur. usu. 
fabrum, Cic. Or. 46, 156: but also fab- 
rorum, Pl. Most. 1, 2, 54: Cic. Verr. 2, 
I, 56, 147, etc.): used absol.: to buy a 
slave as a s. or as @ plasterer, hominem 
pro f. aut pro tectore emere, Cic, Planc. 
25, 62: Vitr.: cf. Ov. M. 12, 277, quod 
(ferrum igne rubens) forcipe curva 
quum f. eduxit. But gen. with a quali- 
Sying term: e.g. a blacksmith, faber 
ferrarius: or expr. simply by the adj.: 
¢€. g., ferrarius, aerarius, argentarius, etc. 
(v. BLACKSMITH, COPPERSMITH, SILVER- 
SMITH, etc.). Or expr. by a distinctive 
word, as exciisor (@ coppersmith): 
Quint. 2, 21, 10: s.’s tools, fabrilia (trac- 
tant f. fabri), Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 116: s.’s 
bellows, follis fabrilis, Liv. 38, 7, extr.: 
s.’s furnace, fornax, caminus (Vv. FUR- 
NACE): s.’s hammer, marculus (mart-): 
Vv. HAMMER: S.'s tongs, forceps, Virg. G. 
4,175: Vv. also ANVIL. 

smithy: 1, fabrica: Vulcan who 
ts reported to have presided over as. at 
Lemnos, Vulcanus, qui Lemni fabricae 
traditur praefuisse, Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 55: 
a s. for forging arms, armorum f., Veg. 
Mil. 2, 11. Q. officina: o. Cyclopum, 
Hor. Od. 1, 4, 8: or with a qualifying 
word, 0. ferraria, Plin. 35, 15, 51, § 182: 
cf. o. aerariorum, id. 16, 6, 8,§ 23. Also 
as. for forging arms, 0. armorum, Caes. 

. C. 1, 34: V. MANUFACTORY. Phr.: 
having established s.8, positis incudibus, 
Virg. Aen. 7, 629. 

smitten (enamoured) : v. TO SMITE. 

smock: |. A woman’s under- 
garment : 1, indtsium: Non. 539, 
32. [N.B.—Not stibiicula: cf. Varro in 
Non. 542, 24, posteaquam binas tunicas 
habere coeperunt, instituerunt vocare 
subuculam (virorum) et indusium 
(feminarum)]: a s.-maker, indusiarius, 
PES Aa sis) 35: 2. intérila (a 
woman’s night-dress) : (illa) discissa 
interula, decora brachia saevientibus 
palmulis converberat, App. Met. 8, p. 
205. |]. A s.-frock (for men): 
*imiciilum linteum (Georg.). 

smoke (v.): A. Trans.: |, To 
purify by smoke (e. g. houses, hives, etc.) : 
suffio, famigo, suffimigo, etc. (v. To 
FUMIGATE, FUMIGATION). Phr.: fumum 
immittere, admovere, Col.: fumos manu 
praetende sequaces, Virg. G. 4, 230. 

||. Zo dry in the smoke: infamo, 1: 

s.d ass's brain, asini cerebrum infuma- 
tum, Plin. 28, 16,63 §225. Phr.: tos. 
the grape, uvam fumo durare, Hor, S. 2, 
4, 72: fumo siccare, Plin. 19, 5, 24, § 73: 


Cato R. R. 162, fin.: a s.d ham, fumosa 
perna, Hor. S. 2,2, 117. s.d (or smoke- 
dried) grape, fabrilis uva, Coel. Aur. 
Tard. 4, 3. II]. To expel by s., tos. 
out: Phr.: fumo abigere (apes) Plin. 

IV. To s. (tobacco): Phr.: *her- 
bae Nicotianae fumum ducere (Georg.): 
or more shortly, *Nicotiana uti: to s. 
a pipe, * Nicotianae fumum per ivfuri- 
bulum haurire s. Nicotiana uti. Vv. 
Fig.: To s. out a@ matter, to dis- 
cover: Vv. TO SMELL (A, II., Phr.). 

B. Intrans.: To emit smoke, 
or, vapour like s.: 1, fimo, 1: the 
places s. with sulphur, loca sulphure 
f., Virg. Aen. 2, 698: we see that the 
earth is hot, and s.s after fresh digging, 
(videmus) recenti foxsione terram fu- 
mare calentem, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25 (the 
words in italics being a quotation from 
some poet): plains s.ing with dust, 
fumantes pulvere campi, Virg. Aen. 11, 
go8: horses s.ing with sweat, equi f. 
sudore, ib. 12, 338: already the roof- 
tops of the villages in the distance are 
s.ing (with fires for the preparation of 
food: i. e. evening approaches), jam 
summa procul villarum culmina fu- 
mant, Virg. E. 1, 82: the chimney s.s, 
*caminus fumat: the house s.s, domus 
fumat, Cic. 2. exhalo, vaporo, 1: 
V. TO EXHALE, STEAM. Pbhr.: the dank 
mountains s. darkly, humidi montes 
effundunt caliginem, Curt. 4, 12, post 
med.: the streams of Tiber still s. with 
our blood, recalent nostro ‘Tiberina 
fluenta sanguine adhuc, Virg. Aen. 12, 
35: s.ing entrails (of victims) spirantia 
fibra, Stat. S. 4, 8, 2. 

smoke (subs.) : 1, famus: Caes.: 
s. rolling in waves, f. undans, Sen. Troad. 
I, 20: cf. fumus agit undam, Virg. Aen. 
8, 257: wreaths of s., volumina fumi, 
Ov. M. 13,600: to belch forth s., evomere 
f., Virg. Aen. 8, 253: wine long-kept (or 
mellowed) in s., fumo inveteratum 
vinum, Plin. 23, 1, 22, § 39. Prov.: 
(i.) to make promises that end in s. (lit. 
to sell s.), vendere vanos fumos, Mart. 4, 
5, 7- (ii) where there’s s., there’s fire, 
semper flamma fumo proxima, Pl. Cure. 
IEG LES 2. vapor, halitus, etc.: v. 
EXHALATION, FUME. Phr.:; the s. flies 
aloft, volat vapor ater ad auras, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 466. 8. suffitus, tis, m. (s. 
produced by fumigation): s. herbae, Plin. 
21, 18, 69,§ 116. 4, nébiila: v. Mist: 
N. quas exigit ignis, the mists of s., which 
Jjire draws out, Ov. Tr. 5, 5, 31: cf. 
nebula ingens specus aestuat atra, Virg. 
Aen. 8, 258. 5, nubes, is, 7. (poet.): 
Aetna belches aloft a murky cloud of s., 
(Aetna) atram prorumpit ad aethera n., 
Virg. Aen. 3, 572: the s. of frank- 
incense, Sabeae n., Stat. S. 4, 8, 2. 
Phr.: I saw that our prospects were 
vanishing in s.,extenuari spem nostram 
et evanescere vidi, Cic. Att. 3, 13, init. 

smoke-black: Vv. LAMP-BLACK, 

— -box (of a steam-boiler): perh. 
*famarium (which lit. = @ chamber for 
ripening wine in s., Col. 1, 6, 19, seq.: 
Mart. 10, 36, 1). 

— -hole;: fimaridlum: the s.-hole 
(or crater) of Vesuvius, f. Vesuvii, Tert. 
Poen. 12: see also CRATER. 

-jack: *veru macbinamento 
versatum (Quich.). 

smoker: (a user of tobacco): qui 
nicotiana utitur (see also TO SMOKE, 
A., IV.). 

smoky , 

smoking § fiimeus: s. lights 4 
torches, f. taedis lumina, Virg. Aen. 
593. 9. fumidus: s.ing altars, f. al- 
taria, Ov. M. 12, 259 (see also STEAMING): 
as. mist exhales, f. exhalatur caligo, 
Plin. 2, 42, 42, § 111. 98, fiimdsus: 
f. flamma, Cato R. R. 38, 4: f. fax, Petr. 
97. Of gems, smoke-coloured: f. topa- 
zius, Plin. 37, 8, 35, § 114: hence called 
also capnias (xamvias), id. 37, 9, 44, 
§ 128. ||, Producing smoke : famifer: 
s. fires, 1. ignes, Virg. Aen. 9, 520: 
(Cacus) collects beneath his cave s. night, 
glomerat sub antro f. noctem, ib. 8, 255. 

II]. Smelling or tasting of smoke: 
159 





, |. Full of smoke: J, 


SMOOTH 





1, fiimidus. a s. flavour (of wine), 
f. virus, Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 127. OS 
fimosus: s. mead, f. (defrutum), id. 18, 
31, 14 § 319: perh. *redolens s. sapiens 
fumum, may also serve. Phr.: a s. 
house, *domus fumo infestata (Ainsw.): 
s. (i. e. smoke-like) masses (of clouds), 
fumigantes globi, Gell. 19, I, 3, wit. 
IV. Soiled by smoke: 1, fimosus: 
a s. (or well-smoked) wall, f. paries, 
Petr. 135 s. busts, f. imagines, Cic. Pis. 
Tots 9, décolor (fuligine): when 
Flaccus (t.e. Horace’s works) became 
s. all over, quum totus decolor esset 
Flaccus, Juv. 7, 229 (v. SMUT, subs., 1.). 
smooth (aqj.): A. Lit.: |, Not 
rough: 1. lévis,e (opp. asper): certain 
small bodies s., others vough, corpuscula 
quaedam levia, alia aspera, Cic. N. D. 1, 
24, 66. Of the human body (= youth- 
ful, beautiful): Galatea, s.er than shells 
worn by the constant wave, levior assiduo 
detritis aequore conchis, Ov. M. 13, 791: 
s. breast, brow, |. pectus, frons, Virg.: 
s. neck, 1. colla, Ov. Of the hair: that 
the hair may be s. by using the comb, 
ut sit coma pectore 1., Ov. M. 12, 409 (v. 
GLOSSY): see also POLISHED (I.). i 
énddis, e (without knots): s. trunks (of 
trees), e. trunci, Virg. G. 2, 78. KY. 
lubricus (slippery): the leg worn s. by 
Fetters, crus |. compede, Mart. 9, 58: @ 
sphinz wrought out s. from the natural 
rock, sphinx saxo naturali elaborata et 
lubrica (but v. Z. rubrica), Plin. 36, 12, 
17, $77. 4, téres, &tis (well-turned, 
rounded off): s. trunks of trees, t. 
trunci arborum, Virg. Aen. 6, 207: cf. 
t. virga, Ov.: t. hastile, Liv.: t. lapillus, 
Ov. 5, lévigatus (made smooth : part. 
of levigo, 1): Macr.S.1,12. 6, rasilis, 
e: box made smooth with the lathe, torno 
r. buxum, Virg. G. 2, 449: cf. palmes r. 
(i. e. deprived of the bark), Plin. 17, 23, 
35, $6 206: Cat.: Ov. 7, adésus (worn 
away by water): a. lapides, Hor. Od. 
3, 29, 36: a. scopulus, Ov. H. 10, 26. 
I]. Without hair, bald: |, glaber, 
bra, brum (of men and beasts: gen. na- 
turally smooth, but also artificially s.): 
s., either from the hair worn down or 
from its being plucked out by the roots, 
glaber, retritis pilis aut penitus evulsis, 
Sen. Ep. 43, ad med.: a husband s.er 
than a gourd, maritus cucurbita glabrior, 
App. M. 5, p. 163: sheep of a s. belly, 
oves ventre g., Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6: ef. 
g. colla boum, Col. 6, 14, 7. Dimin. 
glabellus: g. corpus Cupidinis, App. M. 
5, p. 168: @ s.-skinned slave, glaber, Cat. 
59 (61), 135: to make s. (or bald), glabro, 
Col. 12, 3, 4: to become s., glabresco, id. 
2,20,2. Q, lénis,e: Hsaw my brother 
is @ hairy man, and Iam a s, man, 
Esau frater meus pilosus est, et ego lenis, 
Vulg. Gen. xxvii. 11. 8, calvus: v. 
BALD. II]. Calm, gentle : (of the sea) 
placidus, tranquillus, pacatus (v. CALM) : 
(of rivers) sédatus (v. CALM): clémens, 
mitis (v. GENTLE). B. Fig.: |. Of 
the voice or style, flowing, without impe- 
diment 1, lévis (flowing) : 1. oratio 
(opp. aspera), Cic. Or. 5, 20: 1. et aspera 
(vox), Quint. 11, 3,15 the ears are an- 
noyed by an uneven style, are soothed 
by @ S. one, (aures) fragosis offenduntur 
et levibus mulcentur, Quint. 9, 4, (16. 
Q. téres, étis: as. voice in debates, 
t. vox in disputationibus, Quint. 11, 3, 
64: a@ speech full, but yet s. (or well- 
rounded off, polished), oratio plena, sed 
tamen t., Cic. de Or. 3, §2, 199: V. PO- 
LISHED (II.), ELEGANT. 8. lenis, e: 
Join: the s. arrangement of a speech, 
1. et fluens contextus orationis, Quint. 9, 
4,127. See also FLUENT, FLOWING. Also 
in Gramm. the s. breathing, 1. spiritus 
(opp. spiritus asper), Prisc. p. 572, P. 
|]. Of the temper, equable: aequa- 
bilis, aequalis, aequus: v. UNIFORM. 
Ill. Smocth-tongued (usu. in bad 
sense) blandus: to distinguish a s. 
friend from a true one, b. amicum a 
vero secernere, Cic. Am. 25, 95 (v. 
FLATTERING, FALSE, SPECIOUS). IV. 
Of manners, smooth ; cOmis, commddus : 
Vv. AFFABLE, AGREEABLE. 
smooth (%): |. To remove rough- 
7 





SMOOTHNESS 


ness from a surface : 1. lévo, 1: to 
s. tables, 1. mensas, Stat. Th. 1, 519. 
Join: to s. beams, |. ac radere tigna, 
Luer.*5, 1265. 9. allévo, 1 (only in 
Colum.): to s. knots and scars, nodos et 
cireatrices a., Col. 3, 15, 3. 8, lévigo, 
1 (of making smooth with a knife, file, 
pumice-stone, challc, etc. : so polio, infr.) : 
all the walls are s.’d with plaster, omnes 
parietes tectorio levigantur, Varr. R. R. 
3, 11, 3, med.: for s.ing the skin, ad 
levigandam cutem, Plin. 20, 3, ro, § 20. 

4. polio, ivi and ii, Itum, 4 (like 
levigo): to s. dove-cotes with plaster, p. 
columbarum cellas tectorio, Col. 8, 8: 
v. TO POLISH. 5, limo, 1 (to jile): 
Vv. TO FILE. 6, runcino, 1 (to plane) : 
v. TO PLANE, 7, rado, rasi, rasum, 3 
(to s. off): to s. (or polish) stones, r. 
lapides, Hor. S. 2, 4, 83: v. supr. (1.): 
v. TO SHAVE OFF. 8, sterno, stravi, 
stratum, 3 (to spread out flat, fig.): tos. 
the surface of the waters, s. aequor aquis, 
Virg. Aen. 8, 89: cf. placidi straverunt 
aequora venti, ib. 5, 763: fo s. (or pave) 
a path through the sea, sternere viam 
per mare, Luer. 3, 1042: cf. tranquillo, 
etc. (v. TO CALM). Phr.: paper s.’d 
with a tooth, charta dentata, Cic. Q. Fr. 
2, 15: Plin. 13, 12,25, § 81: s’d with 
pumice, morsu pumicis politus, Mart. 8, 
72, 2: also, pumicatus, ¢.g. p. manus, 
Mart. 5, 41, 6: to s. the brow (i.e. cheer 
up), frontem remittere (opp. frontem 
adducere), Plin. Ep. 2, 5, ad med.: fr. 
exporrigere, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 53: fr. expli- 
care, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 16: fr. solvere, 
Mart. 14,183. See also TO LEVEL, and 
for other senses, TO SOFTEN. [N.B.— 
For fe s. linen, v. TO IRON, TO MANGLE 
CII.).} I]. Yo s. away obstacles, to 
Facilitate: 1, sterno, stravi, stratum, 
3: fame propitious hath s.d a kindly 
path for thee, praesens tibi fama benig- 
num stravit iter, Stat. Th. 12, 813: cf. 
aditus, iter expedire, Caes.: so munio, 
praemunio (v, TO PAVE): V. TO FACI- 
LITATE. 2. complano, 1: Join: 
to s. (or render tolerable) the rough, the 
harsh, c. et mollire aspera, dura, Sen. 
Prov. 5, jin.: see also TO ALLEVIATE, 
MITIGATE, SooTHE (L.). Phr.: 





these | 


difficulties were s.’d away by two cir- | 


cumstances, his difficultatibus duae res 
erant subsidio, Caes. B. G. 2, 20. Ill. 
To palliate, smooth a fault: v. TU PAL- 


LIATE, EXTENUATE. IV. To flatter 
(Shakesp.): v. TO FLATTER. 
smoothly : A, Lit.: Evenly, 


q. V.: and for other senses, expr. by adj. 
(Vv. SMOOTH). B. Fig.: Of oratory : 
with easy flow, léniter, Cic. Phr.: to 
jiow s. on in speaking, uno tenore in 


dicendo fluere, Cic. Or. 6, 21 (¥. UNI-) 


FORMLY). 
teringly, q. V. 
smoothness : |. As physical 
quality : 1, lévor, Gris, m.: in paper 
clearness and s. are looked at, in chartis 
candor, l. (spectantur), Plin. 13, 12, 24, 
§ 78: to bring clearness and s. to the 
body, candorem et 1. corpori afferre, id. 
30, 14, 43, § 127. 9, levitas, atis, f.: 
s. of mirrors, 1. speculorum, Cic. Tim. 
14, init.: Plin. 2, 3, 3,§ 7. Also 1. in- 
testinorum, Cels. 4, 16, init. (Vv. SLIP- 
PERINESS). 3, aequalitas, atis, f. 
(evennes i s. of the sea, a. maris, Sen. 
Ep. 53, ad init.: Vv. LEVELNESS: the 
cosmetic (oesypum) reduces to s. excres- 
cences of the flesh, oesypum carnes ex- 
crescentes ad aequalitatem redigit, Plin. 
30, 13, 39, 6 113: s. of flax, L. lini, Plin. 
13, 12, 26, § 82. 4, lénitas, atis, f.: 
the Arar flows into the Rhone with won- 
derful s. Arar in Rhodanum influit 
incredibili 1., Caes. B.G. 1, 12. Of fla- 
vour: the s. of wine, lenitas (opp. aus- 
teritas) vini, Plin. 14, 19, 24. § 120. 
5, glabritas, atis, f. (s. of the skin, 
baldness): in pl., Arn. 3, 108; see also 
BALDNESS. |]. Of the voice or style, 
Sluency : 1, lévor, Oris, m.: s. of the 
voice, l. vocis, Lucr. 4, 554 (552) 2. 
lévitas, atis, fi: s. (or fluency of 
words, |. verborum, Quint. I0, 1, 52. 
§. lénitas, atis, f: a style, running on 


|. Hasily, q.v. |. Flaé- 








SMUGGLER 





cum lenitate quadam aequabili pro- 
fluens, Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 64: v. SOFT- 
Ness. 4, aequabilitas, atis, f.: Join; 
others labour at a s. of style, elaborant 
alii in lenitate et aequabilitate, Cic. 
Or. 16, 53: V. UNIFORMITY. IL. Of 
the temper, equability : aequus animus 
(v. EQUANIMITY). See also MILDNES? 
CIL.), GENTLENESS (3.). IV. Flaltery 


q. Vv. 
smother: |, Zo kill or stifle by 
suffocation : 1, opprimo, pressi, pres- 


sum, 3: to s.am old man by throwing 
on him many clothes, 0. senem injectu 
multae vestis, Tac. A. 6, 50 (56), extr. : 
Vv. TO STIFLE, also TO OVERLAY (IL.) 
2. suffoco, strangiilo, 1 (lit. anc 
fig.): v.TO CHOKE, SUFFOUATE. Phr.;: 
to die by being s.’d (or suffocated), inter- 
cluso spiritu exstingui, Curt. 7, 5, ad 
med.: to s. with the heat of the baths, 
(balneorum) fervore atque aestu inter- 
cludere animam, Liv. 23, 7, ad init.: to 
be s.’d by the fumes of boiling vinegar, 
(aceto ferventi) vaporari, Plin. 29, 4, 30, 
§ 95. |], Yo extinguish by overwhelm- 
ing (e.g. fire, etc.): opprimo, pressi, 
pressum, 3: as when a powerful flame 
ts s..d by a quantity of water, ut quum 
aquae multitudine vis flammae oppri- 
mitur (opp. consumptus ignis exstin- 
guitur), Cic. Sen. 19, 71: v. TO EXTIN- 
GUISH. Ill. Zo keep back, repress, 
stifle, q. V.: 1. opprimo, 3: é0 s. 
rage, 0. iram, Sall. J.72: ef. o. infamiam, 
Just. 12, 13. 2. reprimo, 3: fo s. 
passion, r. iracundiam, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 8: 
to s. a groan, r. gemitum, Ov. M. 9, 163: 
Vv. TO CHECK. 3. comprimo, pressi, 
pressum, 3: to s. (or stifle) conscience, 
c. conscientiam, Cic. (Vv. TO STIFLE). 
4, dévoro, 1: to s. tears, lacrimas 

d.,, Ov. F. 4, 845: to s. groans, gemitus 
d., Sen. Ep. 66, med. : all sense of shame 
is s’d, pudor devoratus, App. M. 9, p. 
225: Vv. TO SWALLOW. Join: tos. 
power, potentiam exstinguere atque op- 
primere, id. Rosc. Am. 13, 36: ef. tumul- 
tum o., Liv. 31, 11, init. (v. TO PUT 
DOWN, QUELL, SUPPRESS). Phr.: grief 
s.s (or stifles) the voice, dolor vocem in- 
cludit, Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48: cf. metus 
consumpsit vocem, Tac. H. 1, 42: the 
voice is s.'d, vox devoratur, Plin. 11, 51, 
112, § 270 (Vv. TO STIFLE, DROWN, IL.). 

smoulder: no exact word: perh. 
fimo, 1, with a qualifying word may 
serve: e.g. if there were no cause for 
alarm, the seeds of war would not even 
now be s.ing, si nullus timor, non obruta 
jeu nune semina fumarent belli, Sil. 1, 

54. 

smouldering (a4j.): 1, sopitus: 
he stirs up the s. embers, cinerem et 
sopitos suscitat ignes, Virg. Aen. 5, 743: 
ib, 8, 410: cf. Herculeis sopitas ignibus 
aras excitat, ib. 542. 2. languidus: 
to blow up s. fires, |. ignes sufflare, Plin. 
34, 8, 19, 17,9 79. Perh.lentus too may 
serve. Phr.: you are walking over 
s.ing fires, incedis per ignes suppositos 
cineri doloso, Hor. Od. 2, 1, 7.’ 

smudge (subs.: collog.); labes, 
litiira: v. BLOT. 

smudge (v.: colloqg.): v. To soir (L.). 

smug: V. NEAT, SPRUCE, 

smuggle : ], *furtim merces 
importare, or rempublicam fraudare 
portorio (Kr.). 2. sine portorio ali- 
quid importare (based on Cic. Verr. 2, 
70,171).  §, non profiteri aliquid ad s. 
apud publicanos (based on Varr. R. R, 
2, 1, 16). 4, inscriptum aliquid im- 
portare s. exportare [based on Varr. 
R. R. 2, 1, 16 (v. Dict. Ant. p. 1012), 
inscriptum pecus, the cattle, the pas- 
turage of which on the public lands 
was not reported to the proper officer). 
Hence s.d goods, *res, merx inscripta: 
res non professa (Georg.). (For fo s. 
away, V. TO STOW AWAY, HIDE.) 
also CONTRABAND. 

smuggler: |. One who smuggles: 
expr. by qui with verb: e. g. *qui mer- 
cem s. merces sine portorio importat s. 
exportat (Georg.): or, * qui furtim vetitas 
merces importat, qui furtivam merca- 


with a kind of uniform s., genus orationis | turam exercet (Kr.). v. TO SMUGGLE. 





: 
= 
q 
: 
5 





SMUGGLING 





I]. A smuggling vessel: perh. pir- | 
aticus mydpiro may serve, Cic. Verr. 
5, 38, 100. | 

smuggling (subs.): expr. by verb) 
(v. TO SMUGGLE), | 

smut (subs.): |, Foul matter | 
(from the combustion of coal or oil): 
faligo, inis, f.: door-posts blackened | 
with the constantly falling s.s, assidua | 
postes fuligine nigri, Virg. E. 7, 50: 
when the s.s stuck to Virgil (i.e. his 
bool) till he was blaclk, quam haereret 


nigro fuligo Maroni, Juv. 7, 227. See 
also SPOT, STAIN (lit. and fig.). Il. 
Blight, mildew, canker, q. v.: robigo, | 


tiredo, lues, sidératio. Ill. Obscene | 
language: obscaenitas verborum (Vv. 
OBSCENITY). 

smut (v.): |. To soil with ss: 
perh. *fuligine oblinére s. dénigrare: v. 
TO SPOT,STAIN. ||, 70 blight, mildew: 
*robigine édére, pérédére (Georg.). For | 
intrans. sense, cf. Plin. 36, 18, 30, § 136, 
robiginem trahere (see also TO MILDEW, 
BLIGHT.) ||], 70 blacken, tarnish, q. Vv. 

smuttily: obscaené: v. oBSCENELY. 

smuttiness: v. SMUT (subs.). 

smutty (adj.): |. Soiled with 
smut: cf. fiimosus, etc. (v. smoxy [I.], | 
SOOTY, GRIMY). ||, Blighted (of crops): 
*“robigine s. uredine affectus, coopertus, | 
corruptus (Georg.). | J,. Obscene: ob- 
scaenus: V. OBSCENE. 

snack: |. An equal portion, 
shave: obsol. except in cclloq. phr.: to 
go s.s with; I will go s.s with you, dimi- 
diam tecum partem dividam, Plaut. (v. 
TO HALVE, HALVES): go s.s, dividuum 
face, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 33. See also SHARE. 

(|, 4 slight or hasty repast : 1. 
coentla (a small dinner), ’tis but a s., 
parva est c., Mart. 5,78, 22: Cic. usc. | 
5, 32, QI: to provide a s., c. facere (based 
on coenas facere, Cic. Att. 9, 13, 9). 

2. gustiilus, m. (a small dish of } 
food, relish): to get veady a s., prae- 
parare g., App. M. g, p. 232. 

snaffle (subs.): frénum (pl. freni 
or -a): Vv. BIT, BRIDLE. 

snaffle (v.): v. TO BIT, BRIDLE. 

snail: 1, cochléa (coclea) f. (xo- | 
xAtas 0): Poet. ap. Cic. liv. 2, 64, 
133 (where we find the epithets, ter7z- 
gena, herbigrada, domiporta): to be 
slower than a s., vincere c. tarditudine, 
Pl. Poen. 3, 1, 29: preserves of s.s (the 
Romans considering them a delicacy), 
cochlearum vivaria, Plin. 9, 56, 82, $173: 
s.s without shelis, c. nudae, id. 29. 6, 36, 
Pee v. sLucs. Dimin. cochleola, 

ier. Ep. 64, No. 19: s.-/ormed (spiral), 
in cochleam, Cels. 8, 10, No. 1, med.: 
cochleatim, Sid. Ep. 4, 15, fin.: v. sPrRAL, 
SPIRALLY. 2. limax, acis, comm. (a 
s. without @ shell): a s. in its shell, im- 
plicitus conchae l., poet. Col. 10, 324. 
In Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177 (lactucis in- 
nascuntur limaces et cochleae), 1. ap- 
parently = slugs, as opp. to ss: v. 
SLUGS, A s.s shell: 1. cochléa | 
(rare in this sense): Mart. 11, 18, 23: 
ef. also, curvarum domus uda_ cochle- | 
arum, Stat. S. 4, 9, 33 (which, however, 
Forcell. understands of the tortoise). 
{Note.—Not cochlearium, which is a 
place where snails were kept and fed for 
eating, Varr. R. R. 3, 122, and ib. 3, 
141.) Phr.: @ s’s pace, testudineus | 

us (lit. tortoise’s), Pl. Aul. 1, 1, 10% 
less precisely, incessus tardus, lentus: 
Cic.: s.-like men (i.e. with the pace of a 
s.), homines spissigradissimi, PI. Ace 
Bar, 3: 9. concha: v. supra. 

— -clover: *Medicago scutellata, | 
Linn.: perh. also, trifolium minutis-_ 
simum, Plin. 21, 9, 30, § 54. 
— -flower; * Phaseolus caracalla, | 
inn. 








snake: 1, anguis, is, m. and ff. 
(abl. angue and angui); femina a,, mas a., | 
Cic. Div. 2, 2y, 62: the s. sheds its shin, a. | 
vernat, Plin. 8, 27. 41, § 98 (see also_ 
miscell. infr.): crested s.s, a. jubati, 
Pl. Amph. 5, 1, 56. Prov. there) 
turks a s. in the grass (of some con- 
cealed danger), latet anguis in herba, | 
Virg. FE. 3,93. 2. serpens, entis, fi: | 
pass. 3, drico,dnis: v.seRPENT. 4 ' 


SNAKE-WOOD 


cdliiber, célubra: v. ADDER. 5. vi- 
péra: v. VIPER. 6. natrix, icis, f. 
(a water-s.): n. violator ( potsoner) aquae, 
Lucan 9, 718 (720): prob. the *Coluber 
natrix, Linn. 7, hydrus or -os, i, m. 
and hydra, f. (a water-s.): Virg. Both 
are used of the constellation: in Ov. F. 
2, 243, anguis= hydra. 8, chély- 
drus, i, m. = yéAvdpos (a fetid s. living 
mostly in water: prob. the common 8.), 
Virg. G. 3, 415. 9. chersydros, i, m. 
= xepovdpos (the ringed or comm s., 
which often takes to the water): chersy- 
dros tractique via fumante chelydri (see 
preced.), Lucang, 711 (709). 10, *cré- 
talus, i, m. (the rattle-s.), Linn. 11, *co- 
luber naja (the bearded s.), Linn. 12, 
cérastes, ae or is, m. (=Kepagtys, & 
horned s.): Plin. 8, 23, 35, § 85: Lucan 
9, 714. ("Coluber cerastes, Linn.). 
13, jictilus (se. serpens: a s. that 
darts from a tree on its prey): volucres 
j., Lucan 9, 718 (720): Plin. 8, 23, 35, 
§ 86 (perh. *Coluber abaetulla, Linn.). 
14, cenchris, idis, m. and acc, cen- 
chrin, Plin.: v. infr. (a kind of spotted 
$., apparently like preced.) : semper 
recto lapsurus limite c., Lucan 9, 730: 
Plin. 20, 22, 90, § 245- 15, sciitiila, 
scytala or scytale, ae, f= oxvtadn: 
a cylindrical s., of equal thickness 
throughout, Lucan 9, 717, (715): Plin. 
32, 5,19, § 54. 16, dipsas, adis, 7. = 
duvas (a kind of s. whose bite caused 
violent thirst): Lucan 9, 716: acc. to 
Schneider, the *Coluber vipera, Linn. 
17, ammddy¥tes, ae, m. (= aupodv- 
™s, sand-creeper): Lucan 9, 714 (716). 
. amphisbaena = audioBacva 

(a kind of serpent found in Libya, which 
can move forwards or backwards), Plin. 
8, 23, 35, § 85: Lucan 9, 717. 19. 
piréas or parias, ae, m.—= rapetas (a4 
kind of s.), Lucan 9, 719 (721). 20. 
haemorrhbis, idis, f. (= apoppots, dis- 
charging blood: an unknown poisonous 
s.): Lucan 9, 707: Plin. 20, 20, 81, 
$210. QI], prester, Gris, m. (mpyoTip, 
burning): a kind of s.: Lucan 9, 720% 
Plin. 20, 20, 81, § 210. 22. seps, 
s@pis, comm. (=oyW: a kind of eft or 
small s., whose bite causes the limbs to 
putrefy): ossa dissolvens cum corpore 
tabificus s., Lucan 9, 721, 762, sq.: Plin. 
29, 5, 32, § 102. MiscelL: a s.’s bite, 
ictus serpentis, Plin. 23, 1, 11, § 14 (see 
also BITE (LI.): a s.’s hissings, serpentis 
sibila (irreg. neut. plur. of sibilus), Ov. 
M. 3, 38: s.s’ crests, (draconum) jubae, 
Virg. Aen. 2,206: s.’s coils, orbes, volu- 
mina, spirae, Virg. Aen. 2, 204, 208, 217: 
also, tortus, ib. §, 276: s.’s skin, anguina 
pellis, Cato R. R. 73: s.’s fat, anguinus 
adeps, Plin. 30, 5, 12, § 37: s.’s fangs, 
viperei dentes, Ov. M. 4, 573: a 5.’s 
slough, exuviae, Virg. Aen. 2, 473: cf. 
vestem (exuere), spolium, Lucr. 4, 58, 
60: membrana (chelydri), Ov. M. 7, 
272: cf. membrana sive senectus an- 
guium, Plin. 29, 5, 32, § ror: cf. senec- 
tam, senectutem (exuere), id. 20, 23, 95, 
§ 254: 8, 31, 49, § 111: s.-born, angui- 
gena (of the Thebans), Ov. M. 3, 529 
(531): cf. serpentigena, Ov. M. 4, 212: 
draconigena, Ov. F. 3, 865: s.-footed, 
anguipes (of the giants), ib. 1, 184: cf. 
serpentipes, Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 17: s.-handed, 
anguimanus (of the elephant, with ser- 


pent arms or trunk), Lucr. 2, 536 (538). 


snake-fish (a fish resembling the 
conger) : 1, dphidion (= odidior, 
little s.), Plin. 32, 9, 35, § tog: *Ophi- 
dium barbatum, Linn. 9. draco 
marinus (the Dragon Weever), Plin. 9, 
1, 43, § 82: 32, IN, 53, § 148. : 


| dracuncilus (same as preced.): Plin. 32 


II, 53, § 148. 
-like: v. 
PENTINE. 





SERPENT-LIKE, SER- 


— -root (a Virginian plant): *ar- | Fig.: 


istolochia serpentaria. 


SNAP UP 


{ snake-worshippers (a sect): dphi- 
tae: Tert. Praescr. 47. 
snaky: 1, anguicdmus (with « 
hair): a. Gorgon, Ov. M. 4, 699. 3. 
anguineus: a. comae, Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 12. 
3, vinéreus: the s. monster, (i. 4. 
| the serpent-haired head of Medusa), v, 
| monstrum, Ov. M. 4, 615: cf. v. sorores 
(i. e. the Furies), ib. 6,661: and v. pen- 
nae (i.e. winged serpents), ib. 7, 391. 
4, cdlubrifer (with s. tresses): c. 
monstrum (7.¢. Medusa), Ov. M. 5, 241: 
}c. collum, Lucan g, 677 (675). Phr.: 
| with s. tresses, (Gorgonis os) crinitum 
anguibus, Cic, Verr. 2, 4, 56: ef. (Tisi- 
| phone) impexa feros pro crinibus angues, 
Trans.: 


| Lib. 1, 3, 69 

snap (v.): A. {. 
To break off short or suddenly : q 
praefringo, 3 (to breale off the point); to 
s. the points of spears, hastas p., Liv. 8, 
10, post init. 2, rnmpo, rupi, ruptum 
3: to s.a bow, r. arcum, Phaedr. 3, 14, 
10: see also TO BURST ‘A.). 3. prae- 
rumpo, 3: the cables were s.'d, funes 
praerumpebantur, Caes. B. G. 3,14: ¥. 
TO BREAK OFF (lit. and fig.): cf. frango 
and compds. (v. TO BREAK). 4, dé- 
tergeo, si, sum, 2 (rare in this sense): 
to s. the oars in sailing by, remos trans- 
currentes d., Caes. B. C. 1, 58. 5. 
infringo, 3 (to break partially, e.g. the 
stem of anything): ut si quis violas 
riguove papaver in horto liliaque in- 
fringat, Ov. M. 10, 191 (¥v. TO CRACK, 
A., I). See also To Burst (A., L.), TO 
BREAK (A., I.), TO BREAK OPE. ll. 
To s. the fingers or whip: 1, con- 
crépo, pui, pitum, 1 (either absol. or with 
digitis): who, as soon as the decemvirs 
should have s.'d their fingers (i.e. at the 
least signal from them) might be in 
arms against the citizens, qui simulac 
decemviri concrepuerint, armati in cives 
esse possint, Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 82: by 
(merely) s.ing his fingers, si digitis con- 
crepuerit, id. Off. 3, 19, 75 (expr. also 
by digitornm percussione, ib. 78). 2. 
infringo, 3, to s. (or crack) one’s fingers, 
i. manus, Petr. 23 (expr., id. 17, by 
manus inter se usque ad articulorum 
strepitum constringere) . ef. i. articulos, 
Quint. 11. 3, 158. Phr.: to s. a whip, 
insonare flagello, Virg. Aen. 5, 579: to 
s. one’s fingers at (i. e. to show contempt 
for), contemno, sperno, etc.: V. TO DE- 
SPISE. B. Intrans.: |. To 
break asunder with a sharp noise: 1, 
dissilio, iii, 4: the sword s.’d asunder 
with the blow, mucro ictu dissiluit, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 739. Frequent. dissulto. See 
also TO crack (B., |.): TO FLY APART. 
2. crépo, iii, itum, t (to break with 
a crash): the oars in pushing against a 
pointed rock s.’d, acuto in murice remi 
obnixi crepuere, Virg. Aen. 5, 206. 3. 
expr. by refl. of frango, rnmpo, etc. (¥ 
TO BREAK, B.,1.). Phr.: shrubs which 
s. like glass, arbusculae vitri modo fra- 
giles, Plin. (Quich.). See also TO CRACK 
(B.,1.), To spLir. |], 7e make a sharp 
sound: 1. crépo, etc. (v. TO CRACK, 
B., IL): the signal of a Jinger s.ing, 
signa digiti crepantis, Mart. 3, 82, 15. 
Frequent. crépito (v. TO CRACKLE). Q, 
incrépo (avi, atum), ti, Itum, 1: the 
bony hand s.’d (or rattled), pollicibus 
fragiles increpuere manus, Prop. 5 (4), 

4, 12: V. TO BATTLE. ' 
— at: |. Lit.: To try & seize 
with the teeth: 1, arripio mordicus: 
a. mord. manum, Pl. Cure. §, I, 7. 3. 
morsu apprehendo, Plin. tI, 24, 28, 
§ 84: cf. morsu corripere, id. To, 49, 56, 
§ 115: m. premere, Lucr. 3, 664 (663): 
morsibus insequi, Ov. M. 13, 568: mor- 
sus inferre, ib, 11, 58: morsu appetere 
(tig.), Tac. H. 4, 42, med.: hiare ad 
morsum, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 93- ll. 
To aim at eagerly: perh. hianti 
praeterfluentem 





ore capto (based on 


snake's-head iris (a bulbous plant | aquam bianti ore captare, Curt. 4, 16, 


of Aralia): *\ris tuberosa, Linn. 
—— -stone: V- SERPENTINE STONE. 
— -weed: *pdl¥ginum bistorta. 
— -wood 
(the wood of the *Strychnos colubrina: 
Bot.). 


ad med.). Cf. affecto, péto, etc. (v. To 
arm, II1.): capto, appéto, arripio (v. TO 
GRASP AT, SEIZE UvoN): anciipor (¥, 


*lignum colubrinum | TO CATCH AT.) 





To eat greedily or 


up: < 
Cerberus opening 
761 


quickly: corripio, 3: 


SNAP 


wide his three throats s.s up the morsel 
thrown to him, Cerberus tria guttnra 
pandens c. objectam (offam), Virg. Aen. 
6, 422. Cf. also deévoro, obsorbeo, etc. 
(v. TO DEVOUR, GULP DOWN, GOBBLF ): 
*aperto ore captare (of a dog), Georg. 
|]. Zo snatch up, seize, q. V- for 
lit. sense: and for fig. sense, e.g. to Ss. 
up reports, excipere rumores: Vv. TO 
CATCH up. Also, to s. up by stealth, 
surripio (v. TO FILCH, STEAL). Ml. 
% interrupt abusively or abruptly : 
perh. corripio convicio, Caes. B. C. 1, 2: 
also corripio, absol., Suet. Ner. 35, init. 
Cf. also Cic. Att. 5, 1, 4, absurde et 
aspere verbis vultuque respondere. 
Phr.: to s. up one who is mistaken, 
eripere errorem alicui, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 6: 
cf. demere per vim errorem, Hor. Ep. 2, 
2, 140. x 
snap, snapping (subs.): |. 4 
sudden breaking : expr. by verb: v. TO 
swap (A.,B.). ||. A Sharp noise: cré- 
ieee fragor: Vv. NOISE, CRASH: OY expr. 
y verb: v. TO SNAP (A. II., Balells) i: 
the s. of a whip, flagelli sonus, Sen. 
Ep. 122, ad fin. II]. 4x attempt to 
bite: e. g. to make a s. at: expr. by 
verb: V. TO SNAP AT. 
snap-dragon: |. The plant : *An- 
tirrhinum, Linn. J, The game: *lusus 
uvarum passarum quae ex spiritu vini 
inflammato diripiuntur (Ainsw.). 
snappish: 1, mordax, acis (given 
to biting, of a dog): @ s. cur, m. canis, 
PL. Bac. 5, 2, 27. For fig. sense, V. SNARL- 
ING. 9. acer: a very Ss. wife, acer- 
rima uxor, Pl. Mere. 4, 4, 56. See also 
CRABBED. 3, stémiachosus, Iracundus, 
etc. (V. IRRITABLE, PASSIONATE). 
snappishly: stdémachose, iracunde 
(v. IRRITABLY, ANGRILY): Or €Xpr. by 
adj.(v.SNAPPISH). Phr.: to answer S., 
absurde et aspere verbis vultuque re- 
spondere, Cic. Att. 5, I, 4: see also TO 
sNAP UP (III.). 
snare (v.): |, Lit.: illaqueo, 1: 
y.T0 ENSNARE. Usu. expr. by verb and 
subs.: e. g. laqueis captare, pedicas po- 
nere, etc. (v. SNARE, subs, 1.). Join: 
to s. wild animals with nooses, birds 
with lime, laqueis captare feras et fallere 
visco, Virg. G. 1, 139: to be s.d (or 
caught) in the lasso (of a bull), validis 
haerere in laqueis, Prop. 3, 32 (2, 34), 48. 
\. Fig.: 1, ilaqueo, 1. 
irrétio, 4: V. TO ENTANGLE, ENSNARE. 
snare (subs.): |. Lit.: ], 1a- 
quéus, i, m. (a noose): to capture wild 
animals in s.s, captare feras laqueis, 
Virg. G. I, 139: V. NOOSE. 92. pé- 
dica, f. (a gin, spr'inge) : to place s.s (or 
springes) for cranes, gruibus p. ponere, 
Virg. G. 1, 307: Liv. 21, 36, fin. 3. 
plaga, f. (a hunting-net): to drive a 
wolf into the s.s, compellere in plagas 
lupum (v. l. Lycum), Pl. Poen. 3, 3, 35: 
to lay s.s, tendere, ponere p. Cic. Off. 3, 
17, 68: to fall into a s., incidere (se. in 
plagas), ib.: v. NET (swbs.). ie to 
entice into a S., V. TO DECOY. Il. 
Fig.: J, laquéus, i, m.: to entangle 
one in s.s (or traps) of questions, inter- 
rogationum laqueis aliquem irretire, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 10, 43: cf. 1. Stoicorum, id. 
Tuse. 5,27, 76, and pass.: to lay s.s for 
arival, rivali 1. disponere, Ov. A. A. 2, 
595: to fall intoas., cadere in L., ib. 3, 
591: cf. in 1. se induere, Pl. Cas. 1, 25 : 
Cic.: to put one’s neck inloas., collum 
in 1. inserere, Cic. Verr. 4, 17, 37: to 
escape from a s., se expedire ex 1, id. 
PAZ LOD 9. plaga: to contrive 
s.s (of the Stoics), p. texere, Cic. Acad. 
2, 48, 147 (see also TO SNARE, IL.). 3. 
fovea: to deceive by a s., fovea decipere, 
Pl. Poen. 1, 1, 59. 4, casses, ium, m. 
Ait., hunting-nets : V. net): Tib. I, 6, 5. 
5, rete, is, m. cy. NET): r. amoris, 
Lucr. 4, I14!. 6. indago, inis, f. 
{lit., an encircling with nets): to catch, 
so to speak, in a s., velut indagine capere, 
Tac. A. 13,42, fin. 7. insidiae, arum, 
f.: to contrive 5.5, i. parare, comparare, 
tendere, collocare, ponere, struere, Caes. : 
componere, Tac.: Prop.: Tib.: disponere, 
Quint. : (v. AMBUSH, STRATAGEM). Phr.: 
full of s.s, insidiosus, Cic.: Ov.: Plin.: 
"62 





SNATCH AWAY 


to lay s.s against, insidiari (with dat.) : 
Vv. AMBUSH, TO LIE IN, AMBUSH: ts tt 
unjust that your enemies should fall into 
the s. they have laid for you ? (injurium 
est) qua via te (adversarii) captent, 
eadem ipsos capi? ‘I'er. Hee. 1, 1, 16 (see 
also swpr. I1., 1). [For to entice into a s., 
Vv. TO ALLURR, INVEIGLE. SEDUCE. } 
snarl (v.): (to growl as an angry 
dog): ey anita: 1, hirrio, 4 (also 
irrio; post-classical, but the nearest 
equivalent): it is a kind of instinct in 
dogs that they s., if they do not bark, 
veluti est canibus innatum, ut etsi non 
latrant, tamen birriant, Sid. Ep. 7, 3 
9. gannio, 4 (to yelp): V. TO YELP. 
Il. Fig.: 1. gannio, 4: what is 
he sng at? what does he want? quid 
ille gannit? quid vult? Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 
17. 9, oggannio, 4 (fig.): to s. im 
one’s ear (i.e. to twit with), alicui ad 
aurem o., Ter. Ph. 5,9, 41. _3. Tingor, 
ctus, 3 (to open the mouth vide, to show 
the teeth, like a dog when angry): he s.8, 
though you may laugh, ille ringitur, tu 
rideas, ‘Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 27 (where 
Donatus : ringi est stomachari tacitum: 
est enim tralatio a canibus latraturis). 
4. subringor, 3 (less strong than 
preced.): they will s. somewhat, who do 
not like my having a villa, ii subrin- 
gentur qui villam me moleste ferunt 
habere, Cic. Att. 4, 5 (v. TO CHAFE, IV.: 
ANGRY, TO BE). For fig. sense, see also 
TO GRUMBLE, MURMUR, COMPLAIN. 
snarl (subs.) : 1, hirritus, us: 
Sid. Ep.9, 16. 2, gannitus, us: Lucr. 
5, 1069. Fig.: to provoke by s., ganni- 
tibus lacessere, Mart. 5, 60,2. Or expr. 
by verb: v. TO SNARL, 
snarling (adj.): no exact word: 
perh. mordax (v. SNAPPISH). Fig.: the 
s. Cynic, Cynicus m., Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 18. 
Join: m. et lividus, id. S. 1, 4, 93 (v- 
SPITEFUL): perh. too pugnax, impor- 
tunus, may serve lit. and fig.: v. SNAP- 
PISH. 
snarler: |. Lit.: expr. by verb: 
e.g. qui hirrit, etc. (v. TO SNARL, ie); 
Il. Fig.: expr. by adj. (v. SNARL- 
ING, adj.). 
snatch; snatch up(».): 1. rapio, 
rapui, raptum, 3: let the youth s. up 
arms, arma rapiat juventus, Virg. Aen. 
4,340: cf. bipennem dextrar., ib. 11, 651: 
to s. kisses, oscula r., Hor. Od. 2, 12, 28: 
cf. Venerem r., id. S. 1, 3, 1093 illicitas 
voluptates r., Tac. H. 3, 41. Fig.: tos. 
(or seize) the rule, dominationem Tr., 
Tac. A, 4,1: to s. (or seize) an oppor- 
tunity, occasionem r., Hor. Epod. 13, 3: 
Vv. TO SEIZE, POUNCE UPON. 9. cor- 
ripio, ripui, reptum, 3: to s. up a bow 
and arrows, arcum sagittasque c., Virg. 
Aen. 1, 188: to s. up the reins, c. lora, 
Ov. M.z, 145. 3, arripio, 3: our men 
s. up what arms they can, nostri arma 
quae possunt a., Caes. B. C. 2, 14: to s. 
up bows, arcus a., Ov. M. 5, 64: cf, ensem 
a., ib. 13, 385: to s. one up by the waist 
and hold up, sublimem medium (ali- 
quem) a., Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18. 4, prae- 
ripio, 3 (to take quickly): to s. kisses, 
oscula p., Lucr. 3, 896: to s. up billets, 
codicillos p., Suet. Ner. 49. 5, carpo, 
psi, ptum, 3: fo Ss. kisses, c. oscula, 
Prop. 1, 20 (21), 27: Ov. Poe LIGE 
Fig.: s. the (present) day, carpe diem, 
Hor. Od. 1, 11, 8: s. pleasures as they 
fly, fugitiva gaudia ¢., Mart. 7, 47, I1: 
io s. sleep, somnos C., Virg. G. 3, 435: 
c. quietem, id. Aen. 7, 414: ¢. soporem, 
ib. 4,522. 6, capto, I: v. TO CATCH AT. 
— away: 1, rapio, rapui, rap- 
tum, 3: the hour which s.s away genial 
day, almum quae r. hora diem, Hor. Od. 
4, 7,8: Vv. TO DRAG (L.), TO HURRY diI.). 
Q, abstraho, 3; abripio, 3: v. TO 
TEAR AWAY, TO HURRY AWAY. 3. 
rapto, 1: the standards which were being 
sd (or swept) away by whirlwind and 
water, signa quae turbine atque unda 
raptabantur, Tac. A. 1, 30. 4, éripio, 
3 (gen. in part. pass. in the sense of 
snatched away by death): s.’d away by 
the Fates, fatis erepta, Ov. M. 1, 358: 
a husband s.'d away (or cut off ) in the 
prime of life, primis conjux e. in annis, 





SNEAK 


Val. Fl. 3, 316: v. TO CUT OFF (iI). 

5, intercipio, 3 (in the sense of 
preced.): Cererem (i. e. corn) i, Ov. M. 
8, 292: if the Fates had s.’d me away, 
si me fata intercepissent, Quint. prooem. 
lib. 6, init.: cf. fero, aufero (v. TO CARRY 
OFF). 6, auféro, abstili, ablatum, 3 
(mostly in bad sense: to take with vio- 
lence, steal) : to s. away money from the 
treasury, pecuniam de aerario a., Cic. 
Att. 7, 21, 2: ef. aliquid herisa., Pl. Bac. 
4,4,8. Join: eripuisti atque abstulisti, 
Cie. Div. in Caecil. §, 19. 7. surripio, 
3 (to s. away secretly): Vv. TO FILCH, 
PILFER. §, praeripio, 3: Vv. TO CARRY 
OFF, RAVISH. 

snatch down: 1, déripio, 3: tos. 
down the moon from the sky, lwnam 
coelo d., Hor. Epod. 5, 46: to s. down 
boughs from a tree, ramos arbore d., 
Ov. M..11, 29. 9. dévello, velli, vul- 
sum, 3: they were for s.ing down Pisv’s 
statues, effigies Pisonis devellebant (v. 1. 
divellebant), Tac. A. 3, 14: V. TO PULL 
DOWN. 

— from or out: _ 1, éripio, 3: 
to s. a swrd from its sheath, e. ensem 
vagina, Virg. Aen. 4, 579: tos.a brand 
from the jire, €. torrem ab igne, Ov. M. 
8, 457: cf. evello: to s. one out of the 
hands of the enemy, e. aliquem e mani- 
bus hostium, Cues. B. G. 1, 53: cf. e. 
aliquem ex periculo (Vv. TO RESCUE, SAVE, 
DELIVER): to s. (or take) the words out 
of one’s mouth, e. orationem alicui ex 
ore, Pl. Mere. 1, 2, 64: ef. primam vocem 
ab ore loquentis, Virg. Aen. 7, 119: V. 
TO TAKE FROM. Q, extorqueo, si, tum, 
2 (to wrest away): the dagger was 8.2 
out of your hands, tibi sica de manibus 
extorta est, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 16: v. TO 
WREST, EXTORT, FORCE FROM. 3, avello, 
velli or vulsi, vulsum, 3: s.’d@ from the 
embrace of Iulus, complexu avyulsus 
luli, Virg. Aen. 4, 616: thow canst not 
be s..d (from me) : together, ay, together 
will we twain go, non potes avelli! 
simul, ah! simul ibimus ambo, Ov. Tr. 
I, 3, 81. Join: to s. one from his 
mother's embrace, aliquem de matris 
complexu a, atque abstrahere, Cic. Font. 
17, 46 (Vv. TO TEAR away): cf. divello, 
revello, distraho (v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
s. vv. and art. TO SEPARATE). 

01 1, déripio, 3: to s. off 
the dress from her bosom, d. vestem a 
pectore, Ov. M. 9, 637: cf. d. velamina 
ex humeris, ib. 6, 566: d. pellem leoni, 
ib. 3, 52: V. TO TEAR OFF. 9. avello, 3: 
Vv. TO PLUCK OFF, PULL OFF, TAKE OFF. 
Phr.: tos. (or tear) off one’s travelling 
cloak (i. e. to press one to stay), scindere 
paenulam alicui, Cic. Att. 13, 33, 4 
-up: Vv. TO SNATCH: also 
PLUCK UP, UPROOT. 

snatch (svbs.): usu. in phr.: to 
make a s. at, expr. by verb (v. TO 
SNATCH AT). Phr.: s.s of sunshine, *sol 
interdum nubibus interfulgens (based on 
Liv. 28, 23, med. : aurum cumulo alia- 
rum rerum interfulgens): by s.s of 
moonlight, per incertam lunam, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 270: to do a thing by s.s, *carp- 
tim ac temere agere (v. FIT, subs. I1.): 
cf. per intervalla, Plin. 8, 42, 66, § 164: 
to sing a Ss. of @ song, perh. *carptim, 
interrupte cantare. See FITFULLY, RAN- 
DOM (AT). 

snatching (adj.) : V. GRASPING, CO= 
VELOUS. 

sneak (v.): _ 1, correpo, psi, tum, 3 
(to creep or slink to a place): to s. inte 
some merchant-vessel, ¢. in aliquam one- 
rariam, Cic. Att. 10,12, 2. 2, derepo, 
3 (to s. down): the cat ss down to the 
lair of the bristly sow, (feles) d. ad 
cubile setosae suis, Phaedr. 2, 4, 12. 
Also with acc.: bears s. down a tree 
backwards, ursi arborem aversi d., Plin. 
8, 36, 54,9130. 8, obrepo, 3 (do steal 
upon unawares): with what light foot- 
steps do cats s. towards birds, feles quam 
levibus vestigiis 0. avibus, Plin. 10, 73, 
94, § 202: cf. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3, Cra- 
tippus saepe inscientibus nobis 0. 
Frequent. obrepto, Pi. Pers. I, 2, 27% 
Vv. TO STEAL UPON. 4. arrépo, irrepo, 
3 (fig.: to steal into one’s good graces): 


TO 














SNEAK AWAY 





Vv. TO INSINUATE, INGRATIATE, CREEP | extremity: praecido, 3; ampiuto, 1 (v. | 36, ad med.: 


(IV.). (N.B.—Repo and serpo to be 
avoided, not being precise enough, and 
best rendered by to crawl, to creep.) 

sneak away or off: Phr.: clam se 
subducere (based on Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 1, 
de circulo se subducere: and Ter. Eun. 
4, 1, 25, clam te subduxti mibi): you 
s’d away from me, surripuisti te mihi, 
Pl. Men. 3, 2, 26: cf. se subtrahere, Liv. 
28, 25, intt.: (v. TO SLIP AWAY, WITH- 
DRAW). 


sneak (subs.): expr. by adj. (Vv. | 
SNEAKING): (o play the s. (Vv. TO SNEAK, | 


SNEAK TO, SNEAK ABOUT, CRINGE), Ob- 
sequio grassari, Hor. S. 2, 5,93: or expr. 
by circuml. (cf. qui quidvis perpetiantur, 
cuivis deserviant, dum quod velint con- 
sequantur, Cic. Off. 1, 30, Toy). 

sneaking (adj.): abjectus, projectus, 
démissus (v. ABJECT, MEAN): humilis, 
summissus (Vv. GROVELLING). See also 
SLY, CUNNING 5 OBSEQUIOUS. 

sneakingly; abjecte, démissé: or 
expr. by adj. (v. SNEAKING); or by verb 
(Vv. TO SNEAK): to behave s., humiliter 
servire (v. TOSNEAK TO, TO CRINGE): see 
OBSEQUIOUSLY, SERVILELY: alsO SLILY. 

sneer, sneer at (v.): Phr.: yous. 
at obscure men, naso suspendis adunco 
ignotos, Hor. S. 1, 6, 5: cf. Balatro 
suspendens omnia naso, ib. 2, 8, 64: 
tacito ridere naso, Mart. 5, 19, 17: 
naribus uti, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 45: rides et 
nimis uncis naribus indulges, Pers. 1, 41: 
to s. at with covert sarcasm, obliquis 
orationibus carpere aliquem, Suet. Dom. 
2, extr. (Vv. TO CARP AT). See also TO 
MOCK, JEER, RIDICULE, SATIRIZE. 

sneer, sneering (swbs.): rhonchus: 
Mart. 1, 3, 5: id. 4, 86,7. Also nasus, 
absol.: Lucilius, who first established 
the s. of the pen (i. e. sutirical writing), 
(Lucilius) qui primus condidit stili n., 
Plin. praef. § 8. Phr.: the nose which 
has been assigned by modern custom to 
s.ing, nasus quem novi mores subdolae 
irrisioni dicavere, Plin. 11, 37, 59, § 158. 
Also such exprr. as to vegard with a s., 
may be rendered by verb (v. TO SNEER). 
See also JEER, MOCKERY, RIDICULE. 

sneeze (v.): sternuo, ui, 3: lo wor- 
ship some deity, when he has s.d (since 
the Romans considered this a favourable 
omen), adorare (aliquem) cum sternuerit, 
Plin. 2, 40, 40, § 107. Hence actively, 
to s. out an omen, s. omen, Prop. 2, 
3, 24: cf. s. approbationem, Cat. 43 (45), 
gand 18. Frequent. sternito, 1: Petr. 98, 
med. Phr.: why do we say “ God bless 
you!” when one is sing? cur sternu- 
tamentis salutamus? Plin. 28, 2, 5, ) 23: 
the elephant utters a noise like one s.ing, 
elephas sternutamento similem elidit 
sonum, id. 11, 51, 112,§ 269. For to cause 
to Ss. V. SNEEZE (subs.). Vulg.: not to 
be s.d at (= not to be despised), may be 
expr. by non contemnendus, non sper- 
nendus (Vv. CONTEMPTIBLE). 

sneeze, sneezing (subs.): 1, ster- 
numentum (gen. in plur.), Plin. 2, 7, 5, 
§ 24: to cause s., s. movere, id. 25, 5, 
a 56. to be shaken with s., sternu- 
mentis quati, Gell. 12, 5, ad fin.: to cure 
S., 8. emendare, Plin. 28, 6,15,§ 57. 2, 
sternitamentum: Cic. Div. 2, 40, 84: 
Plin. 21, 22, 93, § 163: to excite s., s. 
movere, ib.: cf. s. excitare, Cels. 8, 4, 
ud fin. : to check s., 8. cohibere, Plin. 23, 
¥, 27, $54. See also TO SNEEZE (Phr.). 

3. sternutatio (rare): App. M. 9, 

p 228. 
paneeze-wort : * Achilléa_ ptarmica : 


sniff (v.): no one word to expr. it: 
Phr.:; to s. the gale with open nostril, 
patulis captare naribus auras, Virg. G. 1, 
376: cf. ventos et odorem captare, Plin. 
8, 40, 61, § 147: tos. the scent greedily, 
odorem totis trahere naribus, Phaedr. 3, 
1, 4: cf. ducere spiritum naribus, Varr. 
R. R. 2, 3, 5 (v. TO INHALE): Js. up my 
nose the savoury smell, nasum nidore 
supinor, Hor. S. 2, 7, 38. (For do s. at, 
Ss. out, vy. TO SMELL, II., II1.) 

sniff (subs.): usu. in phr., to takeas., 
expr. by verb (v. TO SNIFF). 

snip (v.): |, To cut off the tip or 


| TO SHEAR, CLIP. 








SNOW 





TO LOP OFF, CUT OFF, CROP): circumcido, 
circumséco, etc, (Vv. TO PARE). See also 

I]. To filch, pifer : 
q. Vv. 


snip, snipping (subs.): |, A cut- 
ting with shears, etc.: perh. praecisio ; 


| ampiitatio may serve: but best expr. by 


verb (vy. TOSNIP). ||, Zhe part cut off: 
], praesegmina, resegmina (pl.): 

Vv. PARINGS, 2. segmenta (pl.): v. 
TRIMMINGS. 98, segmen (very rare): s. 
unguium et capilli, Fab, Pictor in Gell. 
10,15,med. |||, 4 tatlor (vulg.): qv. 
snipe: scdlopax acis, f.(= cKodw- 
maf): Nemes: or *s. gallinago: Linn. 
snivel (v.): |. 70 have a dirty 


| nose: perh. *mucum resorbere, nasi 


pituitam retrahere (Ainsw.). tl. Zo 
whine, whimper, q. V. 

snivel (swbs.) : 1, micus, i, m.: 
Cels. 4, 18, 2. 9, pituita nasi: Join: 
m. et mala p. nasi, Cat. 21 (23), 17. 3. 
excrementa (pl.) narium, Tac. A. 16, 4. 
Phr.: stiria pendens a naso, Mart. 4, 
37, 5: cf. destillatio narium, Plin, 20, 17, 
71, § 182: congelata gutta nasi, Mart. 11, 
98, 7. See also CATARRH. 

sniveller: expr. by adj. (v. SNIVEL- 
LING): or verb (Vv. TO SNIVEL). 

snivelling : |. Having a dirty 
nose: mucilentus (very late): Arn. 3, 
107: Prud. orep. 2, 284: perh. also 
miucosus (Ainsw.) Phr.: @ s. nose, 
madidus nasus, Juv. 10, 199: cf. rorans 
frigore nasus, Mart. 7, 37, 3- I]. Pitti 
Sul, contemptible, q. v. 

snob (an affected, pretentious per- 
son): perh. névus homo may serve 
(though used only by Cicero in a poli- 
tical sense for the first in a family who 
obtained a curule office: ef. Cic. Fam. 5, 


18, 1). See alsO BOOR, PRETENTIOUS, 
VULGAR. 
snobbish: perh. illépidus, inur- 


banus, etc. (Vv. INELEGANT): agrestis 
(v. BOORISH). See also PRETENTIOUS, 
VULGAR. 

snood: vitta s. vitta virginea (v. 
HEAD-DRESS): rédimictilum (Vv. FILLET). 

snooded:: vittatus: Ov. 

snooze (subs. and v.): v. NAP (subs. 
II., and v.). 

snore (v.): 1, sterto, tii, 3: to s. 
the whole night, noctem totam s., Pl. Asin. 
5, 2,22: Hor. Ep. 2, 2,27: cf. diem totum 
Saldno ke aylse 9. rhoncho, 1 (very 
late): Sid. Ep. 1, 6. Phr.: fo s., naso 
clamare magnum, Pl. Mil. 3, 2,9: pro- 
flare pectore somnum, Virg. Aen. 9, 324: 
he s.s, (illi) meatus animae gravior et 
sonantior, Plin. Ep. 6,16, ad med. Perh. 
too, *rhoncos edere, emittere (Ainsw.) 

snore, snoring (subs.):_ 1, rhon- 
chus: Mart. 3, 82, 30. 2. profiatus, 
ts: Stat. Th. 10, 320. 93, stertentium 
sonitus: Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 36. Or expr. 
by verb (v. TO SNORE). 

snorer: stertens (v. preced. art. 3). 

snort (v.): frémo, wi, itum, 3: 
(equus) fremit, Virg. Aen. 11, 496. 

snort, snorting (subs.): frémitus, 
is, m.: f. equorum, Caes. B. C. 3, 38: 
Liv. 

snorting (adj.): perh. frémébundus: 
cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 89 (poet.). Or expr. by 
pres. part. of verb (v. TO SNORE). 

snout: rostrum: a swine’s s., (suis) 
r., Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23. Also vulgarly of 
men: cf. Pl. Men. 1, 1, 13: Petr. 75, 10. 
Dimin, rostellum, Plin. 30, 11, 30, § 99. 
Phr.: the s. of a pair of bellows, perh. 
*myxa (used in Mart. 14, 41, for the 
nozzle of a lamp) : v. also NOSE, NOZZLE: 
an elephant’s s. (or trunk), elephantis 
manus, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 123 (¥. TRUNK, 
PROBOSCIS). 

snow (subs.): 1, nix, nivis, fi: 
mount Cebenna with its very deep s. 
was a hindrance to the march, mons 
Cebenna altissima n. iter impediebat, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 8: when a path had been 
cut through the s. six feet deep, discissa 
nive sex in altitudinem pedum (discissa 
explained immediately afterwards by 
atque ita viis patefactis), ib.: new s. of 
moderate depth over old s., super veterem 
nivem nova modicae altitudinis, Liv. 21, 





SNOW-DROP 





hoary s. falling, n. cana 
cadens, Lucr. 3, 21: when the s. is on 
the ground, n. jacente (v. l. nivem ja- 
ciens), Plin. 2, 49, 50, § 133: melting s., 
tabida n., Liv. 21, 36, ad fin. : cf. tabes 
liquescentis n., ib. ad med.: when the s, 
begins to melt, (nive) liquescente, Plin. 
8,55, 81,§ 217: rivers swollen with wintry 
s., fluvii hiberna n. turgidi, Hor. Od. 4, 
12,4. Also often in pl.; the soldier over- 
whelmed with s.s and frosts, miles nivi- 
bus pruinisque obrutus, Liv. 5, 2, med.: 
8.8 hardened by frost, n. duratae gelu, 
Hor. Od. 3, 24, 39: the s.s melt away, 
pereunt n., Ov. F. 3, 2,6: melted s.s., 
solutae n., id. Am. 3, 6, 93. Fig.: the 
8.8 (or hoary locks) of the head, capitis 
nives, Hor. Od. 4, 13, 12 (a metaphor 
censured by Quint. 8, 6, ad med., as being 
Jar-fetched), 2. ninguis, is, f. (very 
Tare: an antique form for preced.): 
white s.s, albae ningues, Lucr. 6, 735. 
3. pruina (poet.: lit. hoarfrost): 

the great bodies of the oxen stand im- 
bedded in s., stant circumfusa pruinis 
corpora magna boum, Virg. G. 3, 368: 
ef. alto gelu, ib. 355. Join: nive 
pruinaque, Cic. N. 1). 1, 10, 24: vy. also 
Supr. (1). Phr.: s., siccae aquae, Mart. 
4, 3,7: a fall of s., ningor, Oris, m., App. 
de Mundo, p. 309 (258): the region 
of s., nivalis axis, Val. Fl. 5,225 : eternclh 
s.$, hives quas ne aestus quidem solvit, 
Gell.: cf. mountain-ridges capped with 
eternal s., montium juga perenni nive 
obruta, Curt. 7, 11, 8: cf. vertices (mon- 
tium) aeterna nive obsessi, Sen. Q. N. 
4, 11, ad fin.: to struggle through the s., 
nives eluctari, Tac. H. 3, 59: water filled 
with s. (for cooling wine), nivales undae, 
Mart. 14, 118: cf. aquam recentem de 
nive, ib. 119: a@ strainer filled with s. 
(through which generous wines were 
filtered), nivarium colum, Mart. 14, 103, 
in lemm.: cf. nivarius saccus, ib. 104, 
in lemm.: drinks cooled with s., potiones 
nivatae, Sen. Q. N. 4, 13, ad jin.: cf. 
aqua nivata, Petr. 31, ad init.: nivea 
aqua, Mart. 12,17,6: epotus nivis humor, 
Macr. 8. 7, post med. 

snow (v.): 1. ningo (ninguo), 
nxit, 3 (mostly impers.): it s.s, ningit, 
Col. 11, 2, ad med. (p. 429, Bipont 
Kd.): ninguit, Virg. G. 3, 367. Also 
in pass. form: it rains and s.s, pluitur 
et ningitur, App. Flor. p. 340 (112). 
May be also expr. by nives cadunt, 
Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 234: nives decidunt 
(Georg.): it s.s heavily, plurima nix 
e coelo delabitur (Georg.). 2, nivit, 
3 (very rare and pre-class.: only in fig. 
sense) : tt hails, it s.s arrows, lead and 
stones, sagittis plumbo et saxis grandi- 
nat, nivit, Pac. in Non. 507, 27. 

snow-ball (subs.) : ], glébila 
nivis: Scrib. Comp. 199. 2. globus 
nivalis (based on Macr. S. 7, 12, aqua 
quasi obsita globis nubium perducitur 
ad nivalem rigorem). Perh. also, * pila 
ex nive compacta. 

snow-ball (v.): glebulis nivis, etc, 
petere (v. SNOW-BALL, subs.). 

snow-ball-tree: * Viburnum opu- 


lus, Linn. 

— -bird, -bunting. -finch: 
*Emberiza nivalis, Fringilla nivalis, 
Linn. 


— -blind: *nivis candore caecatus, 
occaecatus, etc. 

—-bound: nive s. nivibus op- 

pletus, obrutus, etc. (based on: nives 
omnia oppleverant, Liv.): cf. also Liv. 
5, 2: Virg. G. 3, 368 (v. snow, subs., 1,3): 
Phr.: the land is s.-b, sub nive terra 
latet, Ov. 
-clad: ], niveus: a Sc, 
mountain, n. mons, Cat. 62 (64), 240: 
v. also SNOWY. 9. nive s. nivibus ob- 
sessus, obrutus (v. sNow, subs., Phr.): 
simly., opertus, cinctus, coronatus, etc., 
may be used. 

— -cloud: *nibes nivisa (Georg.). 
-drift, -heap: niveus agger: 
the land unshapely with s.-s, terra ag- 
geribus niveis informis, Virg. G. 3, 354. 
Perh. too, *nivium moles vento cumus 
lata, nives vento cumulatae (Georg.). 

—-drop; *Galanthus nivalis. 

763 








SNOW-FLAKE 
snow-fake: no exact word: perh. 
plumeae nives (Vv. FLAKE). 

—— -like; Vv. SNOW-WHITE. 

—— -shoe: perh. *calceus nivi- 

bus trajiciendis aptus factusque (R. 
and A.). 
-slip: *nivium moles de monte 
devoluta, nives de monte devolutae 
(Quich.): *praeceps nivium lapsus 
(Georg.). 

—-storm: 1. vivis casus: Liv. 
21, 35, med. 2. ningor, Oris, m.: 
App. de Mundo, p, 309 (258). Perh. too, 
*vis creberrima nivis (based on: vis 
magna pulveris, Caes. B.C. 2, 26), Georg. 

—— -water: aqua nivalis: Gell. 19, 
5, ad init. (N.B.—Not undae nivales, 
wh. = water filled with snow: v. SNOW, 
subs.. Phr.): cf. aqua ex nive resoluta, 
aqua ex nive (Georg.). 

-white, snowy: |. Ofcolour: 

1, niveus: s.-white arms, n. lacerti, 
Virg. Aen. 8, 387: Briseis of a s.-white 
complexion, Briseis n. colore, Hor. Od. 2, 
4, 3: cf. n. dens, Ov. H. 18, 18. 2. 
nivalis: horses of a s.y whiteness, equi 
candore n., Virg. Aen. 3, §38. Fig.: 
n. Pietas, Prud. in Symm. 2, 249. 
candidus: Virg.: Hor.: Ov.: v. FAIR: 
ef. candidum alta nive Soracte, Hor. Od. 
1,9, 1. Phr.: the ceilings shone with 
s.-white ivory, tecta fulgebant eboris 
nive, App. de Mundo, p. 346 (270). For 
fig. sense, v. PURE, SPOTLESS. —_ ||, Con- 
sisting of snow or covered with snow: 

1, nivalis: a s.y day, n. dies, Liv. 
21, 54, post med.: s.y regions, nivalia 
(loca), Plin. 26, 8, 29, § 46: Hebrus bound 
with s.y feiter, H. n. compede vinctus, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 3,3. Q, niveus: v. SNOw- 
CLAD, -DRIFT. 3, nivosus (full of 
snow): a cold, s.y winter, hiems gelida 
ac n., Liv. 5, 13, tmit.: cf. n. Scythia, 
OvlH: 12429: 4, ninguidus (very 
late): s.y ridges, juga n., Aus. Ep. 24, 
68 (69). (in Prud. Cath. 5, 97, manna 
is called n. cibus = food falling from 
the sky like snow.} Ill, Fig. : spot- 
less, pure, innocent, q. V. 

snub (v.): |. Zo chide: perh. cor- 
Tipio, etc. (v. TO CHIDE): réprehendo, 
Vitiipéro, etc. (Vv. TO BLAME, CENSURE). 
(N.B.—Not conviciis, contumeliis con- 
sectari [as given by R. and A.], which 
seems too strong.) Il. Yo slight de- 
signedly: perh. negligo, Smitto, prae- 
téreo (v. TO DISREGARD, SLIGHT.) 

snub, snubbing (subs.): expr. by 
verb: v. Tu SNUB. 

snub-nose: nasus collisus: Sen. Ir. 

3, 22, 4. Also, resimae nares (boum, 
simiarum) Col. 6, 1, 3: Ov. M. 14, 95: 
r. rostrum (hippopotami), Plin. 8, 25, 
39; ") 
%$ big Bo 1, simus (best absol., 
without nasus or nares, though Mart. 6, 
39, 8, has puer sima nare): s.- (or jflat- 
nosed she- goats, s. capellae, Virg. E. 10, 
7. Q. silus (like preced.): Cic. N. D. 
I, 29, 80. 

snufL(subs.) : |. 4 burnt candle- 
wick: fungus: Virg. G. I, 392: or, f. 
candelae may serve. Il. Powdered 
tobacco : 1, * tabacum contritum 
(Georg.) 2. *pulvis sternutatorius 
(Kr.). 8. sternutamentum (pl.: a 
sneezing-powder) : cf. Cels. 6, 7. 9. 4, 
sternimentum: cf. Plin. 25, 11, 86, § 135. 

5, medicamentum ad sternutamen- 
tum movendum efficax (where sternu- 
tamentum = the act of sneezing), based 
on Cels. 3, 18, ad med. (Georg.). Phr.: 
to take s., *sternutamentum naribus 
haurire: * tabacum contritum naribus 
haurire (Georg.). Collog.: up to s., 
perh. emunctae naris (= clean-nosed ; 
hence, keen, acute: based on Hor. S. 1, 
4, 8, e. n. [Lucilius]: cf. Phaedr. 3, 3, 
14): also emunctus, absol., Quint. 12, 
to, 17. 

ena): |. To inhale: v. To 
SNIFF. |], Zo snuff(acandle): Phr.: 
*candelae fungum demere (Georg.). 

snuff out, to: |], Lit: of a 
tandie: exstinguo, restinguo (v. TO EX- 
TINGUISH.) I]. Fig.: 2 smell out (v. 
TO SMELL, A., I1.). 

snuff-box: *pyxidiciila sternita- 

164 














so 


so 





menti s. tabaci contriti. 
theca sternutatoria.) 
snuffers, a pair of; émunctorium: 
Vulg. Exod. xxv. 38. 
snuff-taker : *qui sternutamento s. 
tabaco contrito utitur: an inveterate s., 
*qui crebro s. nunquam non sternuta- 
mento, ete. 
snuffie (v.): |. To breathe through 
the nose: *animam cum sono per nares 
trahere (Georg.): v. also TO SNIVEL. 
I]. Zo speak through the nose (or 
with a nasal twang): balba de nare 
loqui, Pers. 1, 33: perh. too, * vocem e 
naribus proferre s. emittere (Ainsw.). 
snuffle (subs.): expr. by verb: e.g. 
to spealc with a s., balba de nare loqui 
(v. preced. art.). 
snug: |. Closely pressed or 
wrapped up: Phr.: to lie s. in bed, 
perh. *involutum stragulis jacere: perb. 
too, *se complicare: e.g. Diogenes lay s. 
(= coiled up) in a tub, (D.) se complicuit 
in dolio, Sen. Ep. go, ad med. (v. CLOSE, 
COMPACT). Il. Concealed, hidden, 
secret,q.v. |||, Retired, q.v.: Phr.: 
@ 8. spot, ab arbitris remotus locus (lit., 
safe from intruders), Cic. Verr. 5, 31, 
80. See also RETREAT, RETIREMENT. 
IV. Comfortable, convenient, q. v.: 
commédus: s. winter-quarters, c. hi- 
berna, Liv.: a s. home, *c. domicilium, 
snugly: v. CLOSELY: SECRETLY: COM- 
FORTABLY. Or expr. by adj. (v. SNUG). 
so (adv. and conj.): |. Demon- 
strative: A. With reference to 
what precedes: in the manner described, 
in this manner: |, sic: a blessing on 
thy valour, boy! so do men go heaven- 
wards, macte virtute puer: s. itur ad 
astra, Virg. Aen. 9, 641: Jaelius, a 
philosopher ; for so he was, 1.. sapiens, 
| sic enim est habitus, Cic. 9, ita: 
| I say that the young man in question 
was ill several days, and so died, dico 
| illum adolescentem aliquot dies aegro- 
tasse et i. esse mortuum, id. Clu. 60, 
| 168: I do not see any reason why it 
should be so, non video causam cur i. 
sit, Cic. Att. 9, 2 (b.), 2. Special 
Phr.: (i.) to be so: if is s., ita est, Cic. 
pass.: sic est, Hor.: sic res est, Fer. : 
res ita se habet, Cic.: sic res se habet, 
id.: sic habet, Hor. S. 1, 9, 53: matters 
being so, quae quum ita sint, Cic.: quae 
cum res ita se haberet, id.: to be not so, 
| aliter esse, id.: aliter se habere, Caes.: 
it must be so, fieri non potest aliter, Cic. 
| (ii.) be it so (or so be it). (1.) esto: v. TO 
| GRANT (II.). (2.) fiat: go with me this 
| way, I beg. Fe it so,i mecum hac, obse- 
cro. Fiat, Plaut.: v. also TO GRANT (II. 
| (iii) todo so: (a.) Expressed: (1. 
expr. by facere id (esp. to avoid repeti- 
tion of a previous statement): tt would 
| be tedious were I to tell you why I do so, 
| longum est si tibi narrem quamobrem 
| id faciam, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 94. Also 
| facio, absol.: I have done so before, and 
| I do so now, et feci ante et facio nunc, 
| Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 3: v. also infr. (1X). 
| (2.) when a verb is repeated, the latter 
| verb may be rendered “to doso"’: the 
senate decreed that those should preside 
over the provinces who had not already 
done so, senatus eos voluit praeesse 
provinciis qui non praefuissent, Cic. 
Att. 6, 6, 3. (6.) Unexpressed: 
N.B.—To do so may sometimes be im- 
plied in Latin from the context: e. g., 
the woman believes she cannot on any 
account do so, illa enim se negat (supply 
facturam esse from a previous facere), 
Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 63 (L. G. § 654): he was 
just plunging his sword into his bosom 
(supply and would have done so), had 
not, etc., gladium in pectus deferebat, 
ni, etc., Tac. (L. G. § 396): how are you 
to find men of that class who love you 
stncerely, instead of pretending to do so 
Jor their own advantage ? qui potes re- 
perire ex eo genere hominum qui te 
ament ex animo ac non sui commodi 
causa simulent? (supply fe amare), Cic. 
Q. Fr. 1, t, 5, 15. (iv.) how or why so? 
quid ita? Cic.: or simply, quid (v. How, 
1., 5): quamobrem tandem? (Ainsw.). 
(v.) just so or precisely so (in answers) : 














(N. B.—Not | ita plane, etc. (v. ExacTLy, III.). (vty 


Miscell.: chance, say you: do 
you really think so (or is it really £0), 
casu, inquis? itane vero? Cic.: you 
don’t say so, quid ais: others perhaps do 
not think so, aliis fortasse non idem vi- 
detur (Ainsw.): he thinks he may do so, 
idem sibi arbitratur licere (Ainsw.): if 
that be true, then this zs so, si illud, hoc, 
Cic. Fin. 4, 19,55: there is a class of 
people who will have it that they are 
Jivst in everything, but are not so, est 
genus hominum qui esse primos se om- 
nium rerum volunt, nec sunt, Ter. (cf. 
L. G. § 432): D. Js this us I say? 
L. It is even so, Estne hoc ut dico? 
Ea res est, Pl. Asin. 1, 1, 41: Heaven 
grant tt may be so, Dii faxint: Dii fa- 
ciant: utinam Dii faxint ut s. ne, etc.: 
Dii bene vertant: Cic. pass. B. With 
reference to what follows: in the follow- 
ing manner, as follows: 1, sic (with 
acc, and inf. clause) : strive and so hold 
(the theory) that thou art not mortal, 
but that this body is, enitere et s. habeto, 
non esse te mortalem, sed corpus hoe, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 24 (8), 26 he replies that in 
the oracular books, in Etruscan lore it 
is so recorded that, etc., respondit sic 
libris fatalibus, sic disciplina Etrusca 
traditum esse (folld. by acc. and inf.), 
Liv. 5, 15. ad jin. 9. ita (with ace. 
and inf. clause): for so he wrote to me 
that, etc., i. enim scripsit ad me (folld. 
by acc. and inf.), Cic. Fam. 13, 24, 1. 

8, talia (meut. absol.: poet.)- so 
speaks he, t. fatur, Virg. pass. (N.B.—In 
prose, in hunc modum, ad hunc modum 
would be used.) |]. Correlative: 
Shee cael 1, ut .... (folld. by ita, 
sic): as the laws preside over magis- 
trates, so do magistrates over the people, 
ut magistratibus leges, ita populo prae- 
sunt magistratus, Cic. Leg. 3, I, 2: as 
there are two species of kings (queen- 
bees), so there are two sorts among their 
sulyects, ut binae regum facies, ita cor- 
pora gentis, Virg. G. 4,95: as you must 
walk, must anoint yourself, so must 1 
sleep, ut tibi ambulandum, unguendum, 
sic mihi dormiendum (est), Cic. Att. 9, 
7,7. For velut .... sic, v. As(I., 9): for 
sicut .... ita, item, v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
s. v. sicut, IL, 2, ii.: L, 1, ii.: and for 
prout .... ita, ita.... prout, v. id. s. v. 
prout. 9Q, ita.... ut (notsic.... ut, 
wh, = as .... as or as: cf. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. sic, 1l.): and so may Heaven 
love me as Iam delighted not so much 
on my own account as on his, atque i. 
me di ament ut ego nuncnon tam meapte 
causa laetor quam illius, Ter. Heaut. 4, 
3, 8. 3. quemadmodum .... sic: if, 
as you generally argue on other subjects, 
so you should have argued about friend- 
ship, si q. soles de ceteris rebus, sic de 
amicitia disputaris, Cic. Am. 4, 16. For 
quemadmodum (with ita, item, etc.), v. 
Smith's Dict. s. v. Il. 2: and for quo- 
modo .... sic, v. id. s. v. quomodo, If., ii. 

4, talis .... qualis: in order that 
as we really are, so we may seem to be, 
ut q. simus, t. esse videamur, Cic. a 
quum .... tum: v. as (1, 13). [May 
also be freq. expr. by such phrr. as, 
tum .... tum, et .... et, where the 
usual rendering ‘‘ both .... and” would 
be clumsy.] N.B.—(n proportion) as 
+... SO, expr. by quo .... eo (with 
comp.): also by tanto.... quanto (with 
comp.), Hor. S. 2,9, 18. ||, Conse- 
cutive: and so, so then: 1, itique 
(and g0) Vv. ACCORDINGLY: and Smith’s 
Lat. Dict.s.v. 2, ita (used logically): 
now virtue ts full of activity, and your 
deity inactive: consequenily without 
share in virtue, and so not even happy, 
virtus autem actuosa est, et deus vester 
nihil agens: expers igitur virtutis: ita 
ne beatus quidem, Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 110. 

3. ergo (in Ov. and the post-Aug. 
poets sometimes ergd), Cic. pass. Join: 
itaque e., Liv. 9, 31: Ter. 4, igitur: 
but the postman is pressing, so good-bye, 
sed flagitat tabellarius, valebis igitur, 
Cic. Ep. (L. G. § 398). Join: ergoi, 
Plaut.: Ter. (N.B.—J/taque differs from 
igitur, ergo, etc., in not being used like 















ye 
% 





so 


them to draw a strictly logical con- 
clusion.) 5, qué: and you do not find 
an escape, and so the whole state staggers, 
nec vos exitum reperitis, totaque res 
vacillat, Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 107: cf. pubes- 
cant maturitatemque assequantur quae 
oriuntur e terra, ib. 2, 19, 50. Cf. too, 
et igitur, igiturque, et ergo, et ideo, 
ideoque (Georg.): v. also THEREFORE. 
(N.B.—So then may be expr. by quam- 
obrem, quapropter, quare, quocirca, etc. : 
v. WHEREFORE.) |VY, Of Manner or 
Result: so... that, so... as, so that, 
soas: |, iti.... ut: so it results that 
reason presides, passion obeys, i. fit ut 
ratio praesit, appetitus obtemperet, Cic. 
Off. 1, 28, tor: v. also rHus: let us 
always so live as to believe that we must 
render up an account, semper i. Vivamus 
ut rationem reddendam (esse) nobis ar- 
bitremur, Cic. (L. G. § 294). 2. sic 
.... ut (more rarely): so (in such a 
manner), Scipio, practise virtue as thy 
grandsire did, sic, S., ut avus hic tuus 
justitiam cole, Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15, fin. 
3, ut: by exercise Demosthenes suc- 
ceeded so that no one was considered to 
have been a plainer speaker than he, 
D. perfecit meditando, ut nemo planius 
eo locutus putaretur, Cic. (L. G. § 457). 
Phr.: the infantry were hurrying along 
30 as to look like a body of runaways, 
peditum len in modum fugientium 
agebatur, Liv. 21, 41, post intt.: and 
30, quo factum est ut, qua re factum 
est ut. V. Of the Purpose: A. 
Affirmative: so that = in order 
that, so as to: 1. tit: they resolved 
to make as large sowings as possible 
so that (=in order that) there might 
be a supply of corn at hand om the 
march, constituerunt sementes quam 
maximas facere, ut in itinere copia fru- 
menti suppeteret, Caes. B.G. 1,3. 2, 
quo: a law ought to be short, so that 
= in order that) it may the more easily 
be grasped by the unletiered, legem 
brevem esse oportet, quo facilius ab 
imperitis teneatur,Cic. 3, qui (quae, 
quod): words were invented so as to 
denote the will, verba reperta sunt quae 
indicarent voluntatem, Cic. 4, dum 
(= so that meanwhile): the siege then 
took the form of a blockade rather than 
an assault for a few days, so that mean- 
while the general’s wound might be cured, 
obsidio deinde per paucos dies magis 
quam oppugnatio fuit dum vulnus ducis 
curaretur, Liv. (L. G. § 497). See also 
THAT, UNTIL. B. Negative: 1 
né (= ut non, quo non): Jam reluctant 
to be an applauder, so that I may not 
seem a flatterer, nolo esse laudator ne 
videar adulator, Auct. Her. 4, 21, 29. 
2. ut ne (more rarely: v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. ne, 5). 3. quin, quo- 
minus: nor did he think that savages as 
they were, they would keep a check upon 
themselves, so as not, etc., neque sibi ho- 
mines feros temperaturos existimabat, 
uin, etc., Caes. B.G. 1, 33: v. also L. G. 
rir 463: Vi. Of Extent or De- 
gree: A, So(followed by as or that) : 
1, ita .... ut (ita gen. with verbs, 

ij, Or advv.): (a.) so exceedingly : 
the news that is brought from your 
quarter is so uncertain that I cannot 
tell what to write, i. erant omnia quae 
isthinc afferebantur incerta ut quid ad 
te scriberem non occurreret, Cic. Ep. 
(L.G. §§ 398, 404, q. v., for the epistolary 
tenses) : there are some so unmusical 
that they cannot come into the number 
of orators, sed sunt quidam i. voce ab- 
soni ut in oratorum numerum venire 
non possint, Cic.: this indeed so inflames 
their minds that, etc., id vero i. accendit 
animos ut, etc., Liv. 6, 14, post med.: cf. 
Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 12. (b.) so little: they 
triumphed, it is true, yet so (little) that 
the other, routed and over powersd though 
he was, was still a sovereign, i. triumph- 
arunt ut ille pulsus superatusque reg- 
naret, Cic. Manil. 3, 8: that the state 
ts not so (little) ill that it can be 
Propped up by usual remedies, non 
1 civitatem aegram esse ut consuetis 
remediis sisti possit, Liv. 3, 20, fin. 


sO 


_ Q, sic .... tit (very seldom found 
with adjj.): his province is full of the 
bravest men so (= to such an extent) 
that none in the whole of Italy can be 
called more peopled (with them), bujus 
praefectura plena est virorum fortissi- 
morum sic, ut nulla tota Italia frequen- 
tior dici possit, Cic. 3: Ades. 7. Sits 
so inexperienced in matters as to trust, 
etc., a. imperitus rerum, ut, etc., Caes, 
B. G. 5, 27, med.: Hannibal was so 
straitened by want of means that, etc., 
a. inopia est coactus H., ut, etc., Liv. 
22, 32, post init.: but v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. adeo: and for usque 
eo .... ut, v. id. s. v. usque, IIL, ii. 

4, tam .... (folld. by quam, qui, 
or ut): nothing seems to Xenophon so 
princely as the pursuit of tilling the 
soil, nibil Xenophonti t. regale videtur 
q. studium agri colendi, Cic.: who is so 
sharp-sighted as not to stumble at all 
in such darleness as this? quis est t. 
lyneceus qui in tantis tenebris nihil 
offendat ? Cic. Fam. 9, 2,2: nor were we 
so mad as to, etc., neque t. dementes 
eramus ut, etc., Cic. 5, tantus .... 
(folld. by quantus, ut, qui): never saw 
so large a meeting as yours now is, 
nullam unquam vidi tantam (contionem) 
quanta nunc vestra est, Cic.: he was not 
so great a man that, etc., non fuit t. 
homo ut, etc., id.: they determined that 
that crime was so atrocious that it ought 
not to be concealed, statuerunt t. illud 
esse maleficium quod non occultari de- 
beret, id. (N.B.—In Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4, 
tantus .... ut = so little .... that: the 
authority of the decree of the senate has so 
little force that, etc., auctoritas [senatus- 
consulti] t. vim habet ut, ete.) 6. 
aeque (with atque, ac, et, ac si: v. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. aeque): but 
very rarely with quam or ut: e. g, 
nothing frightened them so much as the 
vigour and complexion of the general, 
nihil a. eos terruit quam robur ac color 
imperatoris, Liv. (v. as, 1. 3): im 
pleading nothing pleases him so much 
as brevity, ei nihil a. in causis agendis 
ut brevitas placet, Plin. (v. As, L, 7). 
Phr.: I am not so strong as either of 
you, minus habeo virium quam vestrum 
uterque (Ainsw.): not so large as was 
looked for, exspectatione minor, Quint.: 
non pro exspectatione magnus (Ainsw.): 
not so much booty as they had anticipated, 
minus praedae quam exspectaverant, 
Liv.: Jam so fatigued that I must take 
a bath, prae lassitudine opus est ut 
lavem, Pl. Truc. 2,3, 7: since Aviovistus 
repaid himself and the Roman people 
so little thanks that, etc., quoniam A. 
hanc sibi populoque gratiam referret 
ut, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 35,2: that that 
was not so good a time that, etc., non 
id tempus esse ut, etc., Liv. 2, 29, post 
med.: by this time the state of affairs 
in Latium was so sad that, etc., jam Latio 
is status erat rerum wt, etc., id. 8, 13, 
init. Special Phr.: be so good as, 
etc.: expr. by amabo s. amabo te (par- 
enthetically): assist me in this, be so 
good (or be so good as to, etc.), id, amabo, 
adjuta me, ‘l’er. Eun. 1, 2, 70: hasten 
hither, be so good (or pray), a. te, advola, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10,4. Also with utor ne: 
be so good as to cross over to there, a. ut 
illuc transeas, Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 31: be so 
good as not to put it down to want of 
principle on my part, a. te ne impro- 
bitati meae assignes, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4, f. 
Also less collog. by circuml.: be so good 
as to hear me (lit. by your good leave 
you will hear me), bona venia me audies, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 59. Also expr. by 
subj. of volo (foll. by a verb in the 
subj. with or without ut): be so good 
as to answer me this, velim uti re- 
spondeas, Cic. B, So (absol., with- 
out as or that: = so very, so much, 
some clause being understood) : _ 
iti (after non, haud =admodum) ;: those 
statues are very magnificent and ad- 
mirable, but not so (very) old, sunt ea 
(simulacra) perampla et praeclara sed 
non i. antiqua, Cic.: not so much corn, 
haud i. multum frumenti, Liv. 5s: 


SO-CALLED 





sic (very rarely): they were unwilling 
to throw a body Wl wild beasts, not 
so (much gv) to fling naked persons 
into the river, noluerunt feris corpus 
objicere, non s. nudos in flumen de- 
jicere, Cic. Rose. Am. 26, 71. Cf. aic- 
ciné: will you go so untidy as you are? 
s. immunda ibis? Plaut.: s. (or to such 
an extent) do you allow your soldier 
and chieftain to be harassed by personal 
foes? s. vestrum militem ac praesidem 
sinitis vexari ab inimicis? Liv. 6, 16, ad 
init. 8. aded (with the indic.: the 
ut being omitted, and the consequent 
clause being placed first): the state of 
affairs compelled him to delay, so head- 
long had his colleague gone in the oppo- 
site course, tergiversari res cogebat, a. in 
alteram causam collega praeceps ierat, 
Liv. 2, 27, post init. 4, tam (with 
adjj., advv., and verbs) : see Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. LL. : cf. tantus, id. s. v. 5. 
tantépére : Cic.: Caes. 6, talis: so ex 
cellent a man, t. vir, Cic. pass.: so atro- 
cious a crimz, t. facinus, Caes.: at so cri- 
tical a time, t. tempore, Liv.: Virg. 7, 
ille: J once so free, so proud, was silent, i. 
ego liber, i. ferox, tacui, Ov. 8, expr. 
freq. by superl.: the integrity of so high- 
principled a man, gravissimi hominis 
fides, Cic. Special Phr.: not so (with 
posit. adj.) may be expr. by minus with 
adj.: e.g. thus rule ever passes into the 
hands of the best men in every case from 
one not so good, ita imperium seniper ad 
optimum quemque a minus bono trans- 
fertur, Sall. C. 2, med. C, Ever so: 
expr. by quamvis, quantumvis, quam- 
libet, etc. (v. HOWEVER, II.). Also by 
licet (with superl. adj. and subj. of sum) : 
be men ever so rich, homines licet divi- 
tissimi sint (Georg.). Vil. Condi- 
tional: 1, dum: let them hate, so 
they fear, oderint d. metuant, Cic.: cf. 
dummodo, modo si, modo: v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. vv. dum (III.), modo (L, 
2, iii), and L. G. § 498: v. also pRo- 
VIDED (THAT). 2. sic... si (very 
rarely): so you dine with me I’ll for- 
give you, s. ignovisse putato me tibl, si 
cenas mecum, Hor. Ep. 1, 7,69. VIII. 
{In Adjurations or Wishes: é 
ita (==so, so truly): so may heaven love 
me, he is a fine gentleman, i. me dii 
ament, honestus est, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 21: 
(v. also Smith’s Lat. Dict. s.v.ita, 7). 2, 
sic (=ovrTws: only poet.): so may thy 
swarms flee yews of Cyrne, Ss. tua 
Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos, Virg 
E. 9, 30: ef. s. te diva potens Cypri, s. 
fratres Helenae ventorumque regat 
pater, Hor. Od. 1, 3, 1. IX. As an 
Expletive. [N.B.—sSo, though re- 
quired in English to complete the sense, 
need not sometimes be expressed by a 
Latin equivalent]: as true as I live I 
thought so, ita vivam, putavi, Cic.: old 
age is naturuliy somewhat talkative, se 
you will not charge me with defending 
it from every fault, senectus est natura 
loquacior, ne ab omnibus eam vitlis 
videar vindicare (where, after loquacior, 
hoe dico or some such expression is 
understood: J say this that I may not 
appear, etc.), Cic. Sen. 16, 55: nor shall 
you say that no previous notice was 
given you, so be on your guard, neque 
tu hoc dices tibi non praedictum, cave, 
Ter. And. 1, 2, 34: he had placed his 
catapults at different points and so had 
cleared the walls of their defenders, cata- 
pultis dispositis muros defensoribus nn- 
daverat, Liv. 
so (interz.): sic satis est, Ter. Heaut. 
3, 2, (2: cf. ohe, jam satis est, Hor. S. 
I, 5, 12. ; 
so-called, so to call it, so to 
say: |. In introducing a new term: 
qui (quae, quod) dicitur s. vocatur: or 
quem (quam, quod) dicunt s. vocant, 
||. ‘To soften an expression: qut- 
dam, quasi quidam, quasi, etc. : J learnt 
from your letters your ill-timed heste— 
‘so to call it, & tuis literis cognovi prae- 
posteram quandam festinationem tuam, 
Cic. (L. G. § 385): philosophy is, so to 
say, the parent of all approved arts, 
phiiosophia laudatarum artium Besar 
7 


SO FAR 








quasi parens, Cic. de Or 1, 3,9 cf. also, 
ut ita dicam, ut hoc verbo utar, ete. 
so far, so far as j.. To such an 
extent: 1, in tantum § that his pros- 
perity and worth had so far shone out, 
in t. suam felicitatem virtutemque eni- 
tuisse, Liv 22, 24, post init.: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 6,875. Also with correl., in quan- 
tum, Sen. Ben. 2, 23, ad init. 2. 
tantum . ut (so far ... that): v. 
Smmith’s Lat. Dict., s. v tantum, 1. 8. 
ed, etc. (with gen. of subs.): v. PITCH 
(subs. IL.). Phr it is gone so far, in 
eo est, Cic. Att. 12, 40,4. J. Only so 
far: hacténus (foll. by correl. ut, 
quoad, quod) eatenus (with quoad, 
ut) for which, v FAR, SO v_ also so 
(VL, A., 1. a. 5). II]. Zo a certain 
extent: quadamténus 7 is possible to 
advance so far, if it is not allowed to go 
beyond, est quadam prodire tenus, si non 
datur ultra, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 32, Phr.: 
so far were they admitted, that a senate 
was not granted them, ita admissi sunt 
ne tamen iis senatus daretur, Liv. 22, 61, 
ad med.  |V. So far as (=as far as): 
ténus, quatenus v. FAR AS, AS. Phr.: 
so far as depends on me, quod ad me 
attinet, Cic. (v. FAR AS, AS, Phr.): quod 
ejus facere possum (lit. so much of 7t as 
I can: the best MSS. have quod instead 
of quoad), Cic. pass. Also tantum... 
quantum fo extend so far as, tantum 
patere quantum, Caes. Bb. G. 2, 8, med. 
Also quantum, absol. : so far as I under- 
stand, q. intelligo, Cic. pass.: so far as 
I hear, q. audio, 'Ver. V. In so far 
as (after a negative). Phr.: I have 
resolved not to touch upon foreign 
affairs, except in so far as they might 
be connected with those of Rome, statui 
non ultra attingere externa nisi qua 
Romanis cohaererent rebus, Liv. 39, 48, 
extr 
so far from (foll. by that or that 
not), Phr.: tantum abest ut... non: 
adeo nihil... ut. adeo non... ut (for 
which, v. FAR, I., 2, Phr.). Alsoexpr by 
jnon modo (solum) non... sed or sed 
etiam, sed ne . quidem (v Smith’s 
jLat, Dict. s. v. non, xi.) Also by ne 
... quidem, nedum_ so far from any 
violence being offered, not even attended 
with abuse, ne voce quidem incommoda, 
nedum ut illa vis fieret, Liv 3, 14, extr 
so forth v soon. 
so good as, bev. so(VI,, A., extr 
Special Phr-.), 
so great: V GREAT, SO: Vv also so 
(VL., A., 5). 
so little or small: best expr. by 
tam, adeo, parum, etc., with adj. (v 
LITTLE,SMALL). Also tantillus Plaut. 
Ter. See alsoso(VL., A.,1., b.: B., 5). 
Phr. do you set so little by me? itane 
abs te contemnor? (Ainsw_). 
so long, so long as: _ J, Lit.- 
1, tamdiu (v Lone, adv, 4, iii.). 
Also with correl., quamdiu, quoad, dum 
(v Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v tamdiu). 
2. tantisper (with dum, quoad, 
absol.: v Smith’s Lat. Dict., s. v. 
tantisper). 3, dum solong as litera- 
ture shall talk Latin this spot will not 
be without its oak, d. Latine loquentur 
literae, quercus huic loco non deerit, 
Cic. Leg. 1,1, so long as I shall live, 
*dum anima spirabo mea (Ainsw.). Also 
expr. by abl. absol.- Cate declares that 
he will not triumph so long as he shall 
live, Cato alfirmat se vivo illum non 
triumphaturum, Cic. Att. 4, 16 (c.), 12. 
4, donéc (mly) so longas you 
shall be prosperous will you count many 
friends, a. eris felix multos numerabis 
amicos, Ov I'r. 1,9,5. 5, usque (with 
adeo, eo. . dum or donec so long.. 
wnéil). v Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v 
donec, II.,2 usque, II., ii. Il. Fig. 
so long as = provided that: v so(VII.) 
80 many: 
freq. by plur of tantus: Cic. 


of the enemy, tantum hoStium, Liv. 3, 
14, post init.: cf. tantum hominum, Pl. 
Poen. 3, 3, 5 2, wultus (in pl. with 
tam, ita, etc): Cio, §, totidem (just 
30 man): Cie 

7106 


1, tot: Cic.: Hor.: less | 
Plaut. | 
Also tantum (with plur gn): somany | 














SOAP 





sO much: tantus, tam multus (v. 
MUCH, SO). Special! Phr. (i) Col- 
log ; so much the better, tanto melior, 
Ter. Plaut. so much the worse, tanto 
nequior, Ter.: so much and no more, 
hactenus, absol.: or with correl., qua- 
tenus, quoad, quod (v. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. hactenus, IIL.). Esp. in ter- 
minating discourses hactenus (Vv. 
ENOUGH, Phr.). (ii.) not so much as 
(= not even): expr. by ne... quidem. 
(iii.) not so much... as: (1.) perinde, 
etc. (with negative: foll. by quam): he 
was not moved by anything so much as 
by, etc., nulla tamen re p. motus est 
quam, etc., Suet. Dom. 15, post med. 
(2.) non magis... quam: and the great 
mass of the men were not so much panic- 
stricken as roused to fury at the accident 
to their chief, nec ad ducis casum per- 
culsa magis quam irritata est multitudo, 
Liv. 9, 22, med. (3.) pro (prep. with 
abl.) : these things are not so much to be 
feared as the common people think, haec 
nequaquam pro opinione vulgi extimis- 
cenda sunt (Ainsw.). (iv ) so much so 
that (=to such an extent that). v. so 
(VL, A.). 

so often; toties (often with correl., 
quoties). Cic. Phr.: not so often, 
minus saepe, Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15. 

so on or so forth: 1, et cétéra 
(meutr. absol.): seldom cétéra, Cic. 

2. deinceps: first, second, and so 
on, primus, secundus, d., Quint. 7, 10, 
post init. 3. réliqua (neutr absol.) : 
the door-keeper of the prison and the 
praetor’s executioner were in attend- 
ance, and so on, aderat janitor carceris 
et carnifex praetoris, reliqua, Quint. 9, 
4, 124 (p. 201). Also expressed by, et 
id genus alia, et alia generis ejusdem, 
et quae sunt generis ejusdem (Georg.). 
so soon: tam s. adeo cito, celeriter 
(v. soon). 

so so: (, As interj.: bene, euge, 
etc. (Vv GOOD, interj.: WELL WELL). 

_ |. Zolerably, moderately: sic (with 
adv.): e.g. sic tenuiter, temere, medi- 
ocriter: G—how's he doing? D.— 
so so, quid rei gerit? sic tenuiter, ‘Ter. 
Ph. 1, 2, 95. cf. sub alta vel platano 
vel hac pinn jacentes sic temere, Hor. 
Od. 2, 11,14 cf. sic, ut quimus, Ter. 
Andr 4, 5,9 (R. and A.). 

sO SOON aS. V SOON AS, AS. 

so then’ v. so (III), THEREFORE, 
WHEREFORE, 

so true: V TRUE. 

so well: v. WELL. 

soak (v.): A. Trans.: I. 
To soak: in Uiquor, till the substance has 
imbibed what it can contain: macéro, 1 
madéfacio, féci, factum, 3 to s. bread, 
m. panem, Plin. 18, 11, 27, 9 106. Il. 
To soften by sing: macéro, 1 to s. 
boughs of broom in sea-water, m. ramos 
genistae aqua marina, id. 24, 9, 40, § 66 
the dust of the herb is s’d by acid, so 
that all its hardness may be softened, 
pulvis herbae maceratur ex aceto, ut 
omnis duritia solvatur, id. 33,5, 26, § 88: 
cf, madefacere caules, id, 25, 6, 31, § 68. 

Ill. Zo wet thoroughly: madéfacio 
Vv. TO DRENCH. B. Intrans.. 4 
To lie in soak: miacéresco, 3 (rare) 
make a paste of oil-dregs, add a small 
quantity of filings, let them s. well, lu- 
tum de amurca facito, palearum paulum 
addito, sinito macerescant bene, Cato, 
R. R. 92. |. Of water, to s. into the 
earth. Phr. sweet water, when it s.s 
repeatedly through the earth, humor 
dulcis, ubi per terras crebrius idem per- 
colatur, Lucr. 2, 473. lll. Fig. to 
be drunk, drenched with wine a s.ing 
club, compotores, Cic. Ph. 2, 19, 42: 
combibones, id. Fam. 9, 25, 2- 

soaking (subs.): macératio (rare) 
Vitruv 7, 2. 

soaking (adj.): a s. rain, largus 
imber, Virg. Georg. 1, 23? effusi imbres, 
ib. 2, 352. 

soap (subs.): sapo, Onis, m.: for 
scrofulous humours even s. is a good 


thing, strumis prodest et sapo, Plin. 28, | 


12,51, $191. Phr.: caustic s. reddens 


the hair of the Germans, caustica Teue | 





SOBERLY 





tonicos accendit spuma capillos, Mart, 
14, 26 (where a kind of s. or pomatum 
is meant). 

soap (v.): to rub, cleanse with s.: 
* sapone linere, oblinere. 

—-ball: Phr. pilae Mattiacwe 
(made at Mattiacum) Mart. 14, 27. 
-boiler: *qui saponem coquit, 
*coctor saponis: saponarius (Forcell.). 

— -house:: “*officina saponis, 

—.lie: “lixivia sapone mixta. 

— -suds: *aqua sapone infecta. 

— -stone: steatitis, idis, f.: Plin, 
37, 11, 71, § 186. 

soar: A, Lit: 1. sursum, 
sublime, in sublime feror, 3 (to vise 
aloft): rarefied air s.s, extenuatus aer 
sublime fertur, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 101: 
sound naturally s.s, sonus natura in 
sublime fertur, ib. 2, 56, 141. 2. sub- 
limis abeo, 4 (to s. away): Virg. Aen. 1, 
415. Ov. Met. 5, 648. 3. subvolo, 1 
(of birds: to mount upon the wing): 
Ov. M.11,790. B. Fig.. |. Zos. (of 
the mind): se tollo, sustili, sublatum, 
3: geometry s.s even to the theory of the 
universe, ad rationem usque mundi 
geometria se tollit, Quint. 1, 10, 46. 
Phr.; to s. in thought, cogitationes ad 
sublimia intendere, Sen.: Jet us s. in 
soul, exsurgamus animis, Val. Max. 4, 
4, 11: of a s.ing nature that despises 
mortal things, excelsus et altus et 
humana despiciens, Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11. 

{]. To s. (in ambition); to s. too 
high, ad altiora tendere, Liv. 4, 13: v. 
AMBITION, AMBITIOUS. 1 Zones 
above (in the sense of excelling, sure 
mounting) : stpéro, 1: in whitch, 
though many will vie with me, I shah 
easily s. above all, in quo, etiamsi 
multi mecum contendent, omnes facile 
superabo, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 4: cf. Caes. 
B. G. 4, 24: V TO SURPASS. 

sob (v.): 1, singulto, r: Quint. 
10, 7, 10. 2, singultio, 4: Apul. Met. 
3;/D1133 ee A 

sob, sobbing (subs.): singultus, is: 
weeping with s. you might have seen, 
fletum cum singultu videre potuisti, 
Cic. Pl. 31, 76. Virg.: Ov.: Cat. 

sobbingly: singultim: Apul. Met. 
2, fin. : hence, singultim loqui, to speak 
uu repre in broken sentences, Hor. 

- I, 6, 56. 

sober: |. Not addicted to drink- 
ing: sobrius, siccus (opp. to vinolentus, 
of drunken tendencies) : not even drunke 
ards act with the same heartiness as s.men, 
ne vinolenti quidem quae faciunt, eadem 
approbatione faciunt, qua sobrii, Cic. Ac, 
2, 17, 52 so siccus, id. ibid. 2, 24, 88. 

I]. Not drunk (at the time) : sobrius 
(opp. to ebrius, in a state of intoxication): 
you are drunk, for in s. mood you would 
never do it, ebrius es, nec enim faceres 
id sobrius unquam, Mart. 3, 16. Ili. 
In one’s S. senses: sanus, mentis come 
pos (not mad, in sound mind, opp. to 
insanus, amens, furiosus): Cic.; Caes.: 
Virg. Phr.: if he had beens. (i.e. in 
his right senses), bic si mentis esset 
suae, ausus esset educere exercitum? 
Cic. Pis. 21, 50 a@ s. mind is the best 
sauce jor misfortune, animus aequus 
optimum est aerumnae condimentum, 
Pl. Rud. 2, 3,91 Vv. TRANQUIL. IV. 
Having the passions duly under control ¢ 

1, moddératus, médicus (opp. to 
effrenatus). 2. médestus (opp. to 
cupidus, petulans). 3, tempérans, 
températus (opp. to libidinosus): v. 
MODERATE, TEMPERATE, VIRTUOUS. Y, 
Plain, unadorned: simplex: Vv. PLAIN, 
SIMPLE. Vi. Grave: v. GRAVE, 
serious. Phr.- sleep yourself s, 
edormi hance crapulam et exhala, Cic, 
Ph. 2, 12, 30. to be as Ss. as a judge, 
*pulchre sobrius esse. Join: to be 
s., frugi et probus esse, Plaut. Most, 
I, 2, 53. 

soberly; |, Temperately, moder- 
ately : to live s., sobrie vivere, Cic. Off. 
I, 30, 106. Il. Discreetly: to use 





| prosperity s., rebus secundis uti modeste 


ac moderate, Liv. 30, 42, ad med.: also 
temperanter, temperate, modice. [I]. 
Gravely, seriously: q. ¥ 

















SOBERMINDED 





soD 





 soberminded: v soser (II1., 1V.). 
sobermindedness. V soprirry. 
soberness * V. SOBRIETY. 
sebriety : _ Temperance in 
drink, sobriety: sdbriétas Sen. Tranq. 
15, fin. ||. Freedom from inordinate 
sions. continentia: compare the pas- 
sions of the one with the s. of the other, 
conferte hujus libidines cum illius con- 
tinentia, Cic. Verr. 4, 52, 115. Ill. 
Habitual s.: moédératio, médestia, fri- 
galitas, tempérantia (all more gen. 
terms than continentia) s. is that 
virtue which whether in coveting or 
shunning objects admonishes us to fol- 
low reason, temperantia est, quae in 
rebus aut expetendis aut fugiendis 
rationem ut sequamur monet, Cic. Fin. 
1, 14, 47- IV. Calmness, equability : 
aequabilitas, constantia ; noble indeed is 
s. in the whole of life, praeclara est 
aequabilitas in omni vita, Cic. Off. 1, 6, 
go: in everything to observe s., in omni 
re servare constantiam, ib.1, 34, 125. 
V. Seriousness, gravity: q.v. VI. 
Freedom from intoxication: sobriétas, 
Val. Max. 6, 3, 9. 
sobriquet: Vv. NICKNAME. 
socage: ‘*socagium: — servitium 
socae Cang. |. Free socage (of 
free tenants, a tenure of lands and 
tenements by a certain or determinate 
service): *socagium liberum: id. Il. 
Villein socage (where the services 
h certain are of a baser nature, 
being held by fealty): *socagium vil- 
lanum : id. 
socager (a tenant by socage, a soc- 
man): *socomannus, socamannus: soc- 
mannus: Du Cang. 
sociability : |. Disposition to 
associate: sdcialitas, Plin. Pan. 49, med. 
I. Of demeanour: Join: comit- 
as et facilitas (opp. gravitas severitas- 
que), Cic. Mur. 31, 66: facilitas et 
humanitas, id. Fam. 13, 24. Hl. OF 
conversation: facilitas sermonis, id. Att. 
12, 40, 2: comitas affabilitasque ser- 
monis, id. Off. 2, 14, 28: v. AFFABILITY. 
sociable (adj.): |, Disposed to 
associate + sdciabilis, sdcialis: natwre has 
made us s., natura nos sociabiles fecit, 
Sen. Ep. 95, med. Hence (of bees) con- 
gregabilis, Cic. Off. 1, 44, 157. Il. 
Pleasant in society : cOmis, facilis, affa- 
bilis, communis: most s. over supper 
and dice, super coenam et super aleam 
communissimus, Suet. Vesp. 22: v. AF- 
FABLE, FAMILIAR: Not S., insociabilis. 
sociable (subs.): (a kind of car- 
riage): carpentum: Liv.: Virg. 
sociableness: V. SOCIABILITY. 
sociably ; sdcialiter: Hor. A. P. 258. 
social: 1, sécialis (companion- 
able): man is a s. being, (homo) sociale 
animal, Sen. Ben. 7,1, fim. Phr.: man 
has @ s, craving, homo est hominum 
appetens, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45: s. life, 
societas vitae, Cic.. s. meal, convivium, 
id. Sen. 13, 45: s. pleasures, *circulorum 
jucunditates (Georg.): s. affection, 
caritas, Cic. Am. 8, 27: (cf. societas 
caritatis, caritas atque societas humana, 
Georg.). s. manner of life, consuetudo 
vivendi, Cic. . cf. consuetudo victus, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 31, jfin.: s. chat, *sermo 
qui versatur in circulis (Georg.): a city 
destitute of any s. bond, urbs nullius 
rei inter se socia, Liv.. v. SOCIABLE. 
2. comminis. ignorant of the cus- 
toms of s. life, communis vitae ignarus, 
Cie. Phil. 2, 4, 7. Expr. too by com- 
munitas with subs.: s. living, c. vitae 
atque victus, Cic. Fam. 9, 24, 3. 3. 
divilis (in political sense): s. union, c. 
conciliatio et societas, Cic. N. D. 2, 31, 
98: cf. communitas c., id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: 
&. habit and custom, mos consuetudo- 
que c., id. Off. 1, 41, 148: s. institutions, 
¢. instituta, Cic.: often in Cic. expr. by 
civitatis with a subs.: e.g. c. leges, jura, 
etc, : s. duties, civilia officia, Quint.: s. 
virtues, c. virtutes, Quint. (Phr.: virtu- 
tes quae in communitate cernuntur, Cic.) 
socialism (a social state in which 
ere is a community of property among 
all the citizens): perh. *rerum publi- 
carum partitio inter omnes aequabilis. 


i 


socialist: *qui res publicas dis- 
pertiendas aequabiliter esse censet. 

society: |. Association (in the 
widest sense): sdciétas, f. alone, freq. 
in Cic.: Join: s, conjunctioque homi- 
num, Cic. Leg. 1, 10, 28: congregatio 
hominum et s. communitasque generis 
humani, id. Fam. 4, 2, 4. Cf. conjunctio 
congregatioque hominum, id. Fin. 3, 20, 
65: omnis humana consortio, id. Off. 3, 
6, 26: consociatio hominum atqne com- 
munitas, id. Off. 1, 44, 157. For s. (of 
the inhabitants of a state): v. com- 
MUNITY. |]. Association for a de- 
Jinite purpose, such as the Royal Society, 
Society of Antiquaries, etc. : 1, so- 
ciétas - also used in the sense of partner- 
ship: V. PARTNERSHIP. 2, collégium, 
corpus (rare), iniversitas (of merchants, 
tradesmen) : Gai. : Plin.: Mare.: v. 
GUILD, COMPANY, CLUB, CORPORATION, 
BOARD. Also s. (=college, an educa- 
tional institution): *collegium. Phr.: 
Sellow of a s., *socius. 8, sddalitas, 
originally = our club, q. v.: but after- 
wards a secret illegal s., Cic. 4, s0- 
dalicium (-tium)=sodalitas: in good 
sense, Auct. Her. 4, 51, 64: in bad 
sense, Cic. Plane. 15, 36: Mariana s., 
Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 116. 5, factio, 
coitio (in bad sense), pars, sddalitas, s0- 
dalicium (see above), a political s. — |], 
Temporary association for a definite 
purpose: e.g. meetings of all kinds: v. 
MEETING. IV. Intimate association : 
convictus, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21: congressio, 
c. familiarium, Cic.: v. INTERCOURSE, IN- 
tracy. Phr.: to go into s., hominum 
coetus et celebrationes obire, Cic. Off. 1. 
4,12: to avoid one’s s., aditum alicujus 
sermonemque defugere, Caes. B. G. 6, 
13. to cultivate eagerly one’s s., aliquem 
assectari, Suet. Caes. 19: to enjoy the 
daily s. of learned men as messmates, 
uti familiaribus et quotidianis convict- 
oribus hominibus doctis, Cic. Fam. 16, 
21,5: id. Att. 3, 7, celebritas and homines 
are opp. to solitude. (N.B.—Society [in 
a gen. sense] may sometimes be ren- 
dered by homines with an adj. or by 
the adj. alone. e. g. bad s., mali homi- 
nes: learned s., docti homines.) 

sock: no exact equivalent: ik 
ido, Onis, m.=ovdav (a s. of felt or 
Jur), Mart. 14, 140, wm lemm. 9. 
fasciae pédules (bandages for the feet) : 
stockings and s.s, fasciae crurales pedu- 
lesque, Ulp. Dig. 34, 2, 26. 3, fasciae 
with periphr. + fasciae quibus in calceatu 
(shoes) utebatur, Plin. 8, 57, 82, § 221. 
(N.B.—Not soccus, which =a _ low- 
heeled shoe, esp. that worn in comedy.) 

socket: |. Uhe hollow of acandle- 
stick : perh.myxa, Mart. 14, 41 : *civum 
candelabri. |]. In anatomy, any hol- 
low place which receives or holds some- 
thing else: the s. of the eye, *cavum 
oculi: s.s of the teeth, dentium locula- 
menta, Veg. Vet. 2, 32: also d. cava- 
turae, Marc. Emp. 12: s. of the hip-bone, 
acetabulum, Plin. 28, 11, 49, § 179. 
Phr.: he rolled the eyes out of their s.s, 
cavis evolvit sedibus orbes, Lucan 2, 
184: cf. Ov. M. 14, 200: cf. ossa suis 
sedibus mota, Cels. 8, 10, 1, init.: to 
put out of s., luxare, Plin.. extorquere, 
Sen. Ep.; cf. ejicere armum, Virg. Aen. 
To, 893. I{J. In architecture, a mor- 
tise: cardo femina (opp. cardo masculus, 
the tenon): Vitruv. 9, 6 (9), I1- 

sockless; nudis pedibus, Hor. S. 1, 
8, 24. 
socle (in architecture, a plain block 
or plinth forming a low pedestal to a 
statue or column): basis, f., quadra: 
Vitr.: v. PLINTH. : 

Socratic, Socratical : Socraticus. 
Cic.: Hor. 

Socratically: Phr.: 
sinu, Pers. 5, 36. 

Socratism: *doctrina s. ratio So- 
cratica. 

Socratist: philosophus Socraticus, 
Cie. Off. 1, 29, 104: Socratica domus, 
Hor. Od. 1, 29, 14. (Or expr. by verb, 
*qui Socratem sequuntur, etc.) 

sod: a green turf: caespes (also 
cespes), itis, m.: used for altars, mounds 


Socratico 


SOFT 





(of tombs), for covering hoveis, etc. 
araque gramineo viridis de caespite 
fiat, Ov. Tr. 5, 5, 9: Virg. Aen. 3 
304: to lay s., c. ponere, Tac,: to pile 
up §.s, congerere, aggerere, id.. cf. tu- 
guri congestum caespite culmen, Virg. 
Aen. 1,69. (N.B.—Not gleba, which is 
a mass of earth without roots.) 

soda: nitrum (s.in a natural state) : 
no Lat. equivalent for s.in a prepared 
state: *soda, f. 

—-water: *aqua admixta sod& 
effervescens, 

sodality (fellowship, fraternity): 
V. SOCIETY 


soder (subs. and v.): ¥. SOLDER, 
CEMENT, GLUE. 
sodomite: 1, draucus Mart. g 


24, 10. 9. cinaadus: Cat. Juv 
sédémiticus, a, um: adv. sodomitice. 
sodden: V. BOILED. 
soever: cunque (quomque and cum- 
que) as a suffix to a pronoun or adverb: 
e.g. whos., quicunque. 
sofa: 1. lectiilus . reading 
couch): Plin. Ep. 5, 5, fin.: Ov. Tr. 1, 
11, 38: so, lectus, Sen. Ep. 72, intl, 
which in Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 1, also=a s. for 
reclining on at meals. 9. lecticila 
licubratoria (for night study): Suet. 
Aug. 78. 8. grabatus (a low s.): Cic. 
Div. 2, 63, 129. 4, hémicyclium, 
sigma, stibadium (all of semicircular 
form, for conversation or meals): Cic. 
Am. 1,2: Mart. 10, 48: Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 
post med.: Mart. 14, 87, in lemm. i 
hexaclinon, i, n. (a s. for six persons): 
Mart. 60, 9, 9. 6, triclinium (@ s! 
running round three sides of a table, 
an eating-couch): Varr. R. R. 3, 13, ad 
med,: s.-cushion, torus lecti (Kr.). 
soft (adj.) : |. Zo the touch « } I 
mollis (so/t, yielding: opp. to durus): 
| quid magis est saxo durum? quid mol- 
lius unda? Ov. A. A. 1,476: Hor. . Virg.: 
$, wax, m. cera, Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 177: &. 
egg, M. ovum, ovum m. vel sorbile (that 
may be sucked up), Cels. 2, 18, post med. : 
the s. part of bread (i. e. crumb), moliia 
panis, Plin. 13, 12, 26, § 82: somewhat s, 
molliculus, Plaut.: mollicellus, Cat.: 
very S., permollis, Quint. : praemollis, 
Plin. 9. lenis, mollis, tener (snwoth, 
delicate) : lenis, opp. gen. to asper, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 12, 36: s. hand, cheeks, hatr, 
mollis manus, genae, capilli, Ov.: s. 
down, tenera lanugo, Virg. E. 2. 51. 
| Fig.: tenerae virgines, Hor. Od. 1, 21, 
I: mollibus annis, Ov. H. 1, 111: Vv. 
TENDER. 3, mitis (of fruit, mellow) : 
V.MELLow. 4, mollis, lentus (supple): 
m. juncus, acanthus, Virg. Hence of 
the s. outline of statues’ Myron made 
statues of s.er (i.e. more graceful) out- 
line, molliora signa Myron fecit, Quint. 
12, 10,7: V. FLEXIBLE. Phr.: s. water 
(= rain-water), aqua pluy jalis, Cels. 2, 
18, ad fin. |. To some other senses 
1, mollis, délicatus (of the voice): 
Join: m. et d.in cantu flexiones, Cic, 
de Or. 3, 25, 98. 9. lenis. Of taste: 
vinum lenius, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1,50. Of 
colour: a very pleasing and s. colour, 
| suavior et lenior color, Plin. 9, 41, 65, 
$140. Of sleep: 1. somnus, Hor. Od. 3, 
I, 21. 3. mollis, lénis, tempéracus, 
| mitis, clémens, t@pidus (s., mild, gentle) : 
|a s. touch, m. tactus, Ov. Pont. 2, 7, 13: 
cf. m. zepbyri, m. hiems, m. aestas . Ov. : 
| Virg.: Tibull.: as. climate, m. coelum, 
Flor. 1, 16, init.: cf. loca temperatiora, 
Caes. B. G. 5,12: a s. air, tepidus aer, 
Ov. F. 1, 155. So lenis aura, ventus, 
| spiritus, etc.; Virg.; Tibull.: Hor. v. 
MILD, GENTLE (I1.). Fig.: s. repose, Mm 
quies, Lucr. 4, 990: cf. lenis somnus, 
Hor, Od. 3, 1, 21. Of motion: placidus, 
tacitus, etc.: v.CALM, SILENT, NOISELESS, 
_ Fig.: s., yielding (of the mind 
and character) : ], fiexibilis, facilis, 
mollis (in good or bad sense, acc. to tae 
context): Join: lenis et facilis, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 2, 9: V. PLIANT. 9. vilup- 
tarius, effeéminatus, délicatus, mollis 
(s., effeminate). voluptaria, 


3. 








Join: 
delicata, mollis disciplina, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 
37: cf. delicatior molliorque ratio, ib. 
5, 5,12. (N.B.—For s.=weak mm tr 
107 





SOFT 


tellect : V¥. SILLY.) 3, téner, mollis 
(of flowing discourse): he gave elo- 
quence a s. and tender air, orationem 
mollem teneramque reddidit, Cic. Brut. 
9, 38: cf. oratio m. et t. et flexibilis, 
id. Or. 16, 52. 4, mitis, clémens, 
mansuétus, lenis (genile, forbearing, 
not severe). Join: mitis et man- 
suetus, opp. ferus et imuinanis, Cic. 
Inv. 1, 2, 2: mitis et misericors, Cic. : 
mitissimus atque lenissimus, Cic.: v. 
MILD, GENTLE, KIND. IV. Tender, 
winning, persuasive: mollis, blandus: 
a stubborn breast is overcome by s. 
entreaty, vincuntur molli pectora dura 
prece, Tib. 3,4, 76: to soothe bys. words, 
verbis mollibus lenire, Hor. Epod. 5, 83 : 
ef. blanda prece, ‘Tib. 3, 6, 46: b. verba, 
Ov. M. 2, 575. V. Low, not loud (of 
the voice, speech, etc.): submissus, 
placidus, lénis: vox s. leniter, opp. vox 
contenta atrociter, Cic. Or. 17, 56. 
Join: oratio placida, submissa, lenis, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 183. 

soft (adv.): v. SOFTLY. 

soften: A, Trans: |. Lit.: 
to make soft: 1, mollio, 4: till jire 
shall s. tron, dum ferrum molliat. ignis, 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 20: Ov.: Cic.: s’d (i.e. 
loosened) lands, agri molliti, Cic. N. D. 
2, 52, 130: the heat of the sun s.s the 
winds, ventos mollit solis vapor, Plin. 
2, 47, 47, § 124° s. wild fruits by culti- 
vation (fig.), fructus feros mollite 
colendo, Virg. G. 2, 36. Comp. émollio, 
4 (like mollio) Liv. Of colour: fo s. 
(= mellow) colours, e. colores, Plin. 35, 
17, 57, § 198: cf. temperare colores, id. 
2, 18, 16, $9 79. 2 mitigo, 1: to s. 
food (by boiling or roasting), m. cibum, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151: to s. (= mitigate) 
the bitterness of fruits, amaritudinem 





frugum m., Plin. 18, 16, 40, § 141: cf. 
tempero (in this sense): t. acetum melle, 
Plin. 14, £7, 21, 6 114: t. vinum, id. 29, 
3, 11, § 50: see also TO MELLOW. 3 
levigo, 1 (to make s. and smooth, of the 
skin): for s.ing the skin, ad levigandam 
cutem, Plin. 20, 3, 10, § 20: v. To 
SMOOTH. 4, mollio, rémitto sonum 
(of the voice): Cic. In effeminate sense, 
vocem m.; Quint.: v. TO Lower (IL), 
MODULATE. 5, expr. by circuml : 
(aliquid) lévius, mitius reddere, facere. 
[I]. Fig.: to make less harsh, 
violent : 1, lénio, 4: lévo, 1 (of pain, 
care, toil): v. TO EASE, ALLEVIATE, AS- 
SUAGE, MITIGATE. Phr.: to s. the sad- 
ness of the matter by gentle telling, 
lenitate verbi rei tristitiam mitigare, 
Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37: to s. somewhat the 
roughness of the speech, ex asperitate 
orationis aliquid lenire, Liv.: to s. the 
condition of slaves, servitutem lenem 
reddere, Pl. Capt. 2, 1, 5: to s. laws and 
to increase their rigour, mitigare leges et 
intendere, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, post med.: cf. 
legis acerbitatem m., Cic.: duritiam 
legum moderari, Suet. Claud. 14. 9. 
mollio, 4: placo, 1: mulceo, 2 (of 
anger): V. TO APPEASE, MOLLIFY. 3}. 
éemollio, 4 (to civilize): to s. manners, 
mores e., Ov. Pont. 2, 9, 48: Tac.: v. 
TO CIVILIZE. 4. lénio, 4 (to palliate) : 
to s. the heinousness of the deed, atroci- 
tatem facti 1, Sall. Jug. 27. (Steph. 
Thesaur. quotes in this sense, facinus 
levare alicujus, Liv. 4): v. TO PALLIATE, 
Ill. Zo make less hardy, enervate, 
€mollio, 4: Enervo, 1: Vv. TO ENERVATE. 
B. Intrans.: ], Lit.: to be- 
come less hard or harsh: 1, mollesco, 
3: the steers’ necks s. (from not 
wearing the yoke), mollescunt colla 
juvencis, Cat. 62 (64), 38. So comp. ré- 
mollesco: wax s.s in the sun, sole cera 
Temollescit, Ov. Met. 10, 285. 2. mi- 
tesco, 3 (of fruits): grapes s. by sun, 
uvae a sole mitescunt, Col. 3, 1, ad init. : 
Cic. Oecon. in Gell. 15, 5, extr.: v. TO 
MELLOW (II.), rrpeEN. Also of wind, | 
weather, etc., mitesco: the spring breeze | 
s.s not, non verni temporis aura Ba 
Petr.: the cold s.s, frigora m., Hor. Od. 
4,1, 9: the air sd, coelum m., “i 





Cic. Tuse. 1, 28, 69. 3. ténérasco (to 
gr tender. weakly): Lucr. 3, 766. 
4, a ade 3: Plin.: Cels. li. 

768 


SOIL 


Fig.: to become less harsh or rude: 
1, mansuesco, suévi, suétum, 3 
(to s. to entreaty): hearts that know not 
how to s. to prayer, corda nescia man- 
suescere precibus, Virg. G. 4, 470: cf. 
precibus remollescere, Ov. Met. 1, 377. 
2. mollesco, 3 (to become civilised) : 
under the influence of noble arts souls s., 
artibus ingenuis pectora mollescunt, Ov. 
Pont. 1, 6, 8: cf. Lucr. 5, tor2. 3. 
mitesco, 3: no one is such a Savage as 
not to admit of s.ing, nemo adeo ferus 
est ut non mitescere possit, Hor. Ep. 1, 
I, 39. 
softly : |. Without hardness: 
molliter; fo lie s., m. cubare, recubare, 
Cic.: Ov. I]. With mildness : ik, 
Lit.: léniter, clémenter. Dale: 
leniter, clémenter, mansuété, mité (exp. 
in comp. or sup.), molliter : v. GENTLY. 
Ill. Calmly: léniter, placate, pla- 
cidé, sédaté, tranquillé: v. cALMLY. 
Phr.: to speak s., submissa voce dicere, 
Cic.: cf. tenere dicere, Tac. Or. 26. 
IV. Soothingly, with a winning 
air (esp. of music): J], blandé: Cic.: 
Hor. 2, léniter: s. smiling, 1. ar- 
ridens, Cic. Rep. 6, 12, fin.: v. SWEETLY. 
V. Leisurely, carefully: \eni- 
ter, clémenter, bland@: to walk s. 
through the sentinels of the watch, 1. ire 
per excubias custodum sequi, Ov. Am. 
1, 6, 7: cf. clementer, Pl. Mere. 5, 2, 
Itt: to turn s. the creaking hinge, tec- 
tere cardinem moventem blande. Ps, 
Quint. Decl. 1,13: v. CAUTIOUSLY, NU!ISE- 
LESSLY, SILENTLY. 
softness: J. As physical quality: 
1, mollitia or mollities, ei: Cie. 2, 
mollitido (more rare): s. resembling 
sponges, m. assimilis spongiis, Cic. N. D. 
2, 55, 126: s. (i. e. flexibility) of the 
voice, m. vocis, Auct. Her. 3, 11, 20: 
Vv. FLEXIBILITY. 3, ténéritas: s. of 
grapes, t. uvarum, Plin. 15,24, 29, § 100. 
Join: t. et mollities (fig.), Cic. Fin. 5, 
21, 58. 4, ténérittido (of the earth), 
Varr, KR. Re 1; 36: 5, leénitas: 1. 
vini, opp. asperitas: Plin.: ef. 1. vocis, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 182: the s. of the green 
hue of the emerald, smaragdi viridis 
lenitas, Plin. 37, 5, 16, § 63: ef. color 
leniter blandus, id. 37, 9, 40, § 122. 
I]. Sensitiveness : 1, mollitia: 
Join: s. and gentleness of mind, mol- 
litia ac lenitas, Cic. Sull.6,18. 2, mol- 
litido: s. of refinement, m. humanitatis, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 161: Vv. SENSITIVE- 
NESS, SUSCEPTIBILITY. Ul. 4&ldness, 
civility: facilitas : lenitas: lenitas, opp. 
severitas, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 6: v. Goop- 
NATURE, GENTLENESS. IV. Weak- 
ness, trresolution : mollities, mollitia : 
Join: mollitia et inertia animi, Sall. 
C. 52: m. socordiague, id. J. yO!) Vv. 
FICKLENESS. V. Unmanly softness, 
effeminacy: mollitia, mollities: v. 
EFFEMINACY. 
soho (interj.) : 1, heus, heus tu, 
hens vos (in calling attention): PI. 
2. ého (expr. surprise, or to call 








attention): Pl.: Ter.: v. HALLOO. 

soil (subs.): |. Ground, in re- 
spect of its quality: 1, sdlum, i 
(gen. term): a crumbling s., putre s., 
Virg. G. 2,204: adrys., siccum s., Quint. 
2,4: arich s., pingues., Virg. G. 1, 64: 
a Fruitful s., fecundum s., Quint. 2, 19, 
2: uber s., Tac. H. 5, 6: @ lose s., 
solutum s., opp. spissum, Plin. 17, 22, 35, 
§ 170. Join: a thins. s, exile et 
macrum, Cie. Agr. 2, 25, jfin.: goodness 
of s., bonitas soli, Quint. 2, 19, 2. Oy 
terra: a fruitful s., fecunda t., Cic. Sen. 
15, 53: a loose s., soluta t., Col. 3. 14, 


| jin. : a clayey s., argillosa t., Varr. R. R. 


I, 9, 2: argillacea t., Plin.: @ gravelly 
s., glareosa t., Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 3: wn- 


Sruitfulmess of s., terrae malitia, Pall. 


1, 6. 38. himus, i, f.: which kinds 
of trees are produced in a dry and 
sandy §., quae genera arborum humi 
arido atque arenoso gignuntur, Sall. J. 
48. |. Land, country, esp. one’s native 
s.: sdlum (with patrium or some similar 
adj.): s. patrium, Liv. 21, 53: s. natale, 
Ov. M. 7, 52: s. patriae, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 


jin. Phr.: natives of the s., terra orti, 


SOLAR 


Quint. 3, 7,26: to change one’s s./ =e 
emigrate, or go into exile), 3. verter, 
mutare (rare): Cic. Join: solum et 
sedes, Liv. 22, 39, 11: v. coUNTRY (II1.). 
Ill. Dung: stercus, dris, n.. v. 
DUNG. V. Dirt, stain, pollution: 
sordes, squalor, labes, maciila: v. piRt, 
STAIN. 
soil (v.): |. To make dirty on the 
surface : 1, inquino, 1 (to befoul): 
let rust s. arms, inquinet arma situs, 
Ov. F. 4, 928. Fig.: to s. anothers 
reputation, i. famam alterius, Liv. 
37, med.: cf. flagitiis se dedecorare, Sall. 
J. 85. 2, contamino, 1 (usu. in fig. 
sense): V. TO POLLUTE. 3.-foedo, 
(to befoul, e. g. with blood, dust, etc.). 
4, spurco, conspurco, I (rare): v. 
BEFOUL, DEFILE, POLLUTE. §, maciilo, 
commacilo, 1: Vv, TO SPOT, STAIN, POL« 
LUTE. |]. Yo manure: stercdro, 1: 
laetifico, 1: Vv. TO MANURE. 
soiled (@dj. or part.): sordidus: 
spurcus, macuildsus, immundus, litiie 
lentus: V. DIRTY, FOUL, Expr. also by 
verb TO SOIL. 
sojourn (v.): 1, moror, com- 
moror, I (to dwell for a time): you still 
s.d at Brundisium, adhuc Brundisii 
moratus es, Cic. Fam. 15, 17, 4: cf. 
Epbesi commorari, ib. 3, 5, 5: V- TO 
STAY, LODGE (I. 3). 2. hospitor, 1 
(to stay as a guest: rare in lit. sense, 
as in Cod. Theod. 7, 8, 4: more usu. 
fig.): what else would you call the soul 
but a deity sing in the human body? 
quid aliud voces animum quam deum 
in humano corpore hospitantem? Sen. 
Ep. 31,ad fin. 3, p&regrinor, 1 (¢o live 
as a foreigner): philosophy seemed 
(merely) to be s.ing at Rome (i.e. as yet 
unnaturalised), (philosophia) p. Romae 
videbatur, Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40: v. TO 
DWELL. ; 
sojourn, sojourning (subs.): 1. 
commodratio (a s., opp. deversorium, a 
lodging), Cic. Fam. 6, 19, I. R 
mansio (stay): s. in life, in vita m. 
(opp excessus), Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 60: ef. 
id. Fam. 4, 4, where m. is opp. decessio ; 
Vv. SPAY. 3, péregrinatio ( foreign s.): 
Cic. 4, mora (very rare in this 
sense): Liv. 34, 9, extr. Phr.: after 
my s. of ten days at Athens, quum 
Athenis decem dies fuissem, Cic. Fam. 
2, 8, 3: V. DWELLING, RESIDENCE. 
sojourner : hospes, péregrinus, in- 
quilinus, advéna. Join: peregrinus 
atque hospes, Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 218: 
peregrini atque advenae, id. Agr. 2, 34. 
94: peregrinus et incola, id. Off. 1, 34, 125. 
sojourning (subs.): v. SOJOURN. 
solace (v.) : consolor: sdlor (rarely) : 
allévo: v. TO CONSOLE, COMFORT. 
solace (subs.): sdlatium: sdlamen 
(poet. for solatium): lévaimenium: con- 
solatio : médicina: v. CONSOLATION, 
COMFORT. 
solander (a disease in horses) : sca- 
bies: Cels.: prurigo: Col. 
soland-goose, or solan-goose : 
* Pélécanus bassanus, Linn. 
solar (adj.): |, Belonging to the 
sun: 1, solaris, e: s. ight, s. lumen, 
Ov. Tr. 5,9, 37: S. arc, s. arcus, Sen. Q. N. 
I, 2, init.: s. orbit, s. circulus, Plin. 2, 
23,21, § 86: s. plant (=sunflower, helio- 
tropium), s. herba, Cels. 5, 27, § 5, med. 
2. solis, gen. of sol (with a subs.) : 
s. eclipse, solis defectio, Cic.: Sen.: s, 
defectus, Virg.: s. obscuratio, Cic. : 
Plin.: @ total s. eclipse, perfecta s. de- 
fectio, Sen. N. Q. 1, 12, 2 (in this sense 
also, sol deficiens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 3c, 73): 
V. ECLIPSE: S. spots, quasi maculae solis 
(after Cic. Rep. 6, 19, 20). I]. Mea- 
sured by the progress of the sun: che 
solaris, e: the s. circle, i.e. the Ecliptis, 
s. circulus, Plin. 2, 23, 21, § 86: the s. 
month, mensis solaris. 2. solstitialis: 
the s. year, annus s., Serv. ad Virg. Aen. 
4, 653. Phr.: the ancient Romans 
reckoned a lunar year, their successors 
a s., Romani veteres ad lunae cursum et 
sequentes ad solis anni tempora diges- 
serunt (Georg.): s. system, *ordo stel- 
larum errantium (Georg.): *systewma 
solare (Kr.). 











SOLD 





sold: v. TO SELL. 

soldanel (a4 planf): *convolvulus 
soldanella: Bot. 

solder (subs.): perh. ferrimen, inis, 
n., Plin. ane , however, more pre- 
cisely = cement): s. is usually expr. by 
the name of the particular metal em- 
ployed. 

solder (v.): 1, plumbo, 1 (¢0 s. with 
lead): Cato R. R. 21: Plin. 34, 17, 48, 

161. 2, implumbo, 1 (like plumbo) : 

itruv. 10, 6, ad mit. Cf. replumbo 
(to wunsolder): silver becomes uns.’d, 
argentum replumbatur, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 
ad med. 3, ferrimino, 1: Babylon's 
walls being s.d (with mineral pitch), 
ferraminatis (bitumine) Babylonis mu- 
ris, Plin. 35, 15, 51, § 182. 4, con- 
ferrimino, 1: Plin. 27, 8, 45,§ 69. 5, 
polido, 1: with tin pipes are s.’d, stanno 
fistulae solidantur, Plin. 34, 17, 48, § 160. 

6, dévincio, nxi, nctum, 4: the lids 

being s.d with lead, operculis plumbo 
devinctis, Liv. 40, 29, post init. Such 
words as coagmento, conjungo, etc., 
have a wider meaning. See also TO 
CEMENT, GLUE: and for fig. sign., TO 
CONFIRM, STRENGTHEN, 

soldering (subs.): perh. ferri- 
minatio, Paul. Dig. 6, 1, 23: expr. also 
by verb. 

soldier: |. In @ general sense: 

], miles, itis, m.: Cic.: Liv.: to 

levy s.s, milites legere, Cic. Att. 8, 12, 
A, 3: m. deligere, Liv. 29, 1, ad med. : 
m. scribere, Sall. J. 43, ad med.: m. con- 
scribere, Liv. 3, 4, ad fin. (Vv. TO ENLIST, 
ENROLL): to form s.s into companies, 


m. ordinare, Liv. 29, 1, init.: to take s.s_ 


into one’s pay, mercede m. conducere, 
id. ib. 5, ad fin.: to disband s.s, m. di- 
mittere, Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2: regular s.s, 
(= s.s of the line), m. legionarii (opp. 
auxiliarii): Caes.; Liv.- hastily levied 
$.s, m. subitarii, Liv. 3, 4, evi7.: m. 
tumultuarii, id. 35, 2, post med.: gar- 
rison s.s, m, praesidiarii, id. 29, 8, med. : 
(v. Forces, L1., 1): /oreign s.s, m. pere- 
grini, Inscr.: @ young s., recruit, tiro 
miles (opp. veteranus), Cic. Phil. 11, 15, 
39: or absol. tiro: Cic.: Caes.; Suet.: 
a veteran s., veteranus m., Cic. Phil. 3, 
2, 3: also ubsol. veteranus: Cic.: Liv.: 
a trained s., m. exercitatus, usu. foll. by 
in with abl., or by abl. simply: Cic.: 
Caes.: a volunteer s., voluntarius m., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 91: Cic.: a discharged s., 
missicius m. (cf. missicius praetorianus, 
Suet. Ner. 48, ad med.): cf. also eme- 
Titus absol.: Tac.; Lucan: and exauc- 
torati m., Liv. 32, 1, post init.: see also 
mmirra. (N.B.—Other general words 
are: bellator. Cic.: Liv.: used as adj. 
in Virg.: pugnator: Liv.: Suet.: Sil.: 
eo: Tac.: Just.) 2. pedes, 
tis (a foot-soldier): Cic.: Caes. But 
when foot-soldiers are mentioned with 
horse-soldiers, instead of pedites we 
find, as substitutes, milites, homines, 
viri: e. g. milites equitesque, Caes. B. G. 
5, 10: homines equitesque, id. B. C. 2, 
39: equites virique, Liv. 21, 27, init.: 
Sil. 9, 559: V. INFANTRY. 3. Eques, 
itis (a horse-soldier): Caes.: Liv.: v. 
CAVALRY. 4, miles nauticus, m. class- 
Teus: Tac.: Liv.: v. MARINE. 5. 
vélites, pl. (light-armed soldiers), Liv. 26, 
4, post med. : also levis armatura (sing.), 
as collect. subs. : cf. levis miles, Liv. 8, 8, 
post init.: but v. LIGHT-ARMED, HEAVY- 


ARMED. |], A fellow-soldier: 1, com- 
milito, Onis: Cic.: Caes.: Suet.: also 
commiles (for commilito): Inser. DX 


belli sdcius. Join: belli particeps et 
Socius et adjutor, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 5. My 
contiibernalis (a tent-companion): Cie. : 
Tac. ||]. A common soldier, private : 
1, grégarius miles, éques, Cic. Plane. 
30, 92: ‘Tac. H. 5, 1, med.: Sall.~Phr.: 
ing the rank of a private s., grega- 
Tiam militiam sortitus, Just. 22, 1, med. 
2. manipilaris: Caes.: Cic.: Tac. 

3. ciligatus: Suet. Aug. 25, post 
med. 4, miles, opp.imperatur: Sall.C. 
60, med.: Caes. B. G. 5, 33, med.: m. 
2pp. dux, Plin, Ep. 8, 14, post init. 5. 
vulgus (common soldiers), in sing. as 
toliect. subs., Tac. A. 1,28, med. Phr.: 





SOLE 


(1.) to endure a youth of poverty as a 
private s., juventam inopem in caliga 
militari tolerare, Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 135: 
promoted from a private s. to the con- 
sulship, perductus a caliga ad consu- 
latum, Sen. Ben. 5, 16, ad init.: dress 
of a private s., gregalis habitus, Tac. A. 
1, 69, ad fin. : cf. gregali sagulo amictus, 
Liv. 7, 34, fin., and manipulario habitu, 
Suet. Cal. g, init. (ii.) a@ distinguished, 
experienced §., vir wilitaris, Tac. H. 2, 
75, init.: rei militaris peritus: Caes.: 
Liv.: vir manu fortis et bello strenuus, 
Nep. Datam. 3: vir egregius in laude 
bellica, Cic. Brut. 21, 84: Themistocles 
was as good a s. in this war as a states- 
man, magnus hoc bello Themistocles 
fuit, nec minor in pace, Nep. Them. 6, 
init.: to be an enperienced 8. and states- 
man, multus in imperiis magistrati- 
busque versari (Georg.). (ili) ¢o be, 
serve as @ S., milito, 1, Cic.: stipendia 
facio, Sall. J.63, med.: stipendia merere, 
mereri, Cic. ; stipendia emereri (to com- 
plete the time of service), id.: to become 
a@ s., expr. by nomen (with do, edo, pro- 
fiteor): v.TO ENLIST (B., 1, 2): miles fio, 
Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 24: militiam capessere, 
Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66: to be unwilling to 
serve as @ §., militiam detrectare, Caes. 
B. G. 7, 14: Liv. 2, 43, post init.: to go 
to be a s., proficisci in militiae disci- 
plinam, Cic. Manil. 10, 28. (iv.) S51 
childyen, pueri militares, Pl. Truc. 5, 16: 
a child brought up among s.s, legionum 
alumnus, Tac. A. 1, 44, init. (cf. cas- 


trorum filius, a title of Caligula, from } 


his having been brought up in the camp, 
Suet. Cal. 22, init.): s’s bread. panis 
militaris, Plin. 18, 7, 12 §67: s.’scloak, 
sagum, Caes.: Liv,: s.’s dress, ornatus 
militaris, Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61: s.’s furlough, 
commeatus, Liv.. Suet. (v. FURLOUGH) : 
s.’s pay, stipendium, Cic.: Caes.: also aes 
or aera (= stipendium): e. g- @ s. who 
has forfeited his pay, aere dirutus 
miles, Cic. Verr. 5, 13, 33: S.’s savings, 
peculium castrense, Dig. 49, 17, 11: 
s.’s oath on enlisting, sacramentum, 
Caes.: Liv.: v. OATH (2, 3): 8.'s phrase, 
verbum castrense, Plin. H. N. praef. § 1, 
extr.: s.’s sports, ludi castrenses, Suet. 
Tib. 72, med.: s.’s tent, tabernaculum, 
Cic.: or t. militare, id. Brut. 9, 37: also 
tentorium, Hirt.: Suet.: also pellis, 
absol. in pl., Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 4: Caes.: s.’s 
servant, calo, Caes.: Liv. See also MILI- 
TARY (adj.). é 
soldierlike, soldierly (24j.): |. 
Having the qualities of a good soldier : 
1, militaris: Hor. Od. 1, 8, 5% v. 
SOLDIER (Phr.: ii.). 2. expr. by 
circuml.: e. g. militiae cognitus (lit., 
known, approved in actual service, 
where militiae is the gen. of place like 
domi), Sall.: ef. prudens rei militaris, 
Nep. Con. 1, ad fin.: praecipuus scientia 
rei militaris, Tac. A. 12, 40, ad med. : 
Vv. BRAVE, MARTIAL, WARLIKE, MILITARY. 
Il. After the manner of a soldier : 
militariter: to talk in @ s. manner, 
m. loqui, Tac. H. 2, 80. Also expr. 
by militari more, exemplo; militum 
more, modo. 
soldiership: |. Prefession of a 
soldier, militia, Cic.: Caes.: v. MILITARY 
(2). Il. Qualifications of a soldier: 
scientia rei militaris, Caes.: s. militiae, 
Sall.: s. belli, Just. 
soldiery: 1. miles (collect. subs.) : 
they jill the places with s., loca milite 
complent, Virg. Aen. 2, 495. cf. hic 
miles magis placuit, Liv. 22, 57, fin.: 
‘Tac. A. 1, 2, ad med.: more freq. in pl. 
2. militia (like miles), Just. 32, 2, 
init.: Plin. 3, armatira: e. g. levis 
a., Suet.: Cic.: Liv. 4, arma, orum, 
n. pl.: Liv. 41, 12, fin.: Tac. He 23:32; 
post init. 
sole: ]. The bottom of the foot ; 
J, planta: Virg.: Plin. 9. vesti- 
gium: such as stand with the ss of 
their feet directly opposed to ours, whom 
you call the Antipodes, qui adversis ves- 
tigiis stant contra nostra vesligia, quos 
avtirodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123: 
cf. candida permulcens liquidis v. lym- 
phis, Cat. 62 (64), ae and Virg. Aen. 
3 





SOLEMN 


5, 560, v. primi alba pedis (of a horse, 
3. sdlum: the s. of mn is the destrue 
tion of grass, s. hominis exitium herbae, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 47, fin.: the hard skin of 
my S.8 serves as a shoe, mihi calceamen- 
tum solorum callum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32,90: 
spots never yet trodden by s. of man, 
loca nullius ante trita solo, Lucr. 1, 927. 
Phr.: to be unable to find a place for 
the s. of one’s foot, locum, ubi consistat, 
reperire non posse, Cic. Quint. 1,5: jrom 
the crown of the head to the 8. of the foot, 
ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem 
summum, id. Ruse. C. 7, 20. Il. The 
bottom of a shoe: ], sdlum: a s. 
Sastened to the shoes with gold (i. e. with 
golden nails), auro soccis suppactum s., 
Mart. 9, 74,2. 2, sdlea (—a sandal), 
Plaut.: Mart.: Hor. ll. A fish: 
sdlea, Ov. Hal. 123: Plin. g, (5, 20, § §2. 
* Pleuronectes solea, Linn. 
sole (v.): *calceis soleas suffigere 
(Georg.). Phr.: my shoe has been three 
and four times s.’d and heeled, caiceus 
est sarta terque quaterque cute, Mart, 
I, 103 (104), 6: to wear rather high s.'d 
bvots, altiusculis calceamentis uti, Suet. 
Aug. 73. 
sole (adj.): 1. sdlus, a, um: more 
expedient to be s. monarch than to reign 
with another, utilius solum quam cum 
altero regnare, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 41. Also 
strengthened by unus: this s. defect old 
age attaches to men, solum unum hoc 
vitium affert senectus, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 47: 
so unus solus, Cic. Pis. 40, 96: you have 
s. possession of that villa, illa (villa) 
solius tua, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, post init. 
2, inicus (one only of a kind: v. 
ALONE, ONLY): strengthened by solus, 
Lucr. 3, unus (=“unicus): una nata 
Cat. 66 (68), 119. 4, sivgilaris: s. 
command, singulare imperium, Cic. Rep. 
I, 33, 50: cf. ib. 2,9, 15. 5, expr. also 
by suus, proprius. Phr.: to be s. sur- 
vivor, superstes omnium siorum exstare, 
Suet. Tib. 62, extr.: cf. Plin. 7, 48, 49, 
§ 156: for the s. reason that it ts present, 
hoc ipso quod adest, Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 50: 
V. BARE (IIJ.): MERE (2, 3): SINGLE. 
solecism: |. /mpropriety in lan- 
guage: 1, sdloecismus (a grammatical 
Jault in the construction of a sentence, 
opp. barbarismus, an impropriety of 
speech, whether of grammar or pronun- 
ciation: a barbarism may be of one 
word, but a solecism must be of more) : 
ef. Auct. Her. 4, 12, 17 (S. est quum in 
verbis pluribus consequens verbum su- 
periori non accommodatur. Barbaris- 
mus est quum verbum aliquod vitiose 
effertur): cf. Quint. 1, 5, 5: id. ib. 34. 
2. sdloecum (for soloecismus), 
Gell. 17, 2, ad med. Such words as 
vitium, error, are of wider signification. 
\|. Fig.: Jmpropriety in conduct : 
], sdloecismus, Mart. 11, 19. 3. 
erratum: vitium: ineptiae: v IMPRO- 
PRIETY. 
solecist (one who commits solecisms) : 
sdloecista, Hier. in Ruf. 3, 3, d. § 22. 
solely: sdlum: tantum: sodlummd- 
do: tantummddo;: Vv. ONLY, MERELY, 
EXCLUSIVELY. 
solemn: u Of stated religious 
festivals : sollennis (sollemnis, solennis 
solemnis): festus: status. Join: dies 
festus atque sollennis, Cic.. sollenne et 
statum sacrificium, id.: v. ANNIVERSARY 
(adj. and subs.): FESTIVAL (subs.) : 
PERIODICAL (2). ||. Religious, sacred : 
1, sanctus, Cic.; Hor.- Virg. 2. 
sollennis. Join: a s. duty, officium 
sanctum atque sollenne, Cic. Quint. 6, 
26. 3, augustus: cf. sancta vocan 
augusta patres augusta vocantur tem- 
pla, sacerdotum rite dicata manu, Ov. F. 
1,609. 4, religidsus: Join: templum 
sane sanctum et r., Cic.: ¥. SACRED. 
[I]. Awe-inspiring : 1, sacer 
(chiefly poet.): s. silence, s. silentium, 
Hor. Od. 2, 13, 29: @ kind of s. remem- 
brance of a father, s. quaedam patris 
memoria, Quint. 11, 1, 59 2. révé- 
rendus: s. night, nox reverenda, Ov. Ib, 
"5: facies r., Juv. 6, 513. 8, hor- 
rendus: cf. borrendae secreta Sibyllae, 
Virg. Aen. 6 Lo: V. VENERABLE, AWFUL 
769 


SOLEMNITY 


SOLID 





(iL.). IV. Grave, serious, sober: 1, 
séverus Vv. GRAVE. >. ‘tristis = v. 
GRAVE, GLOOMY, SAD. 3, austérus. 
4, strius: v. serious. Phr.: a s. 
funeral, celebritas supremi diei, Cic. 
Mil. 32, 86: @ s. procession, pompa 
Cic.: Virg.: @ s. ceremony, caerimonia, 
Liv.: Tac. 
solemnity: |. 4 religious, solemn 
rite: solemn games : 1, sollenne, z., 
Liv.: funeral s., funeris s., Tac. A. 12, 
69, ad fin.: also in pl.: marriage s., 
sollennia nuptiarum, Suet. Ner. 28, ad 
med. : s. (Isidis), Prop. 2, 33, 1 (3, 31,1)- 
8. Quinquatruum, Suet. Ner. 34, ad med. 
Phr.: fo celebrate a birth-day with great 
and unprecedented s., natalem diem in- 
genti paratu et ante illum diem insolito, 
Tac. H. 2, 95. 9. sollennitas (late, 
like sollenne): s. pristina (ludorum 
Isthmiorum), Sol. 7, 14: also in pl., 
dierum variae sollennitates, Gell. 2, 24, 
jin.: see also FESTIVITY, CEREMONY, 
CELEBRATION. ||. Sacredness (of a 
deity, temple,erc.): 1, religio: propter 
singularem ejus fani r., Cic. Verr. 4, 
44, 96: r. templorum, Tac. H. 1, 40, fin. 
9. sanctitas: s. templi, Liv. 44, 29. 
I]. Ar/fulness ; expr. by adj.: v. 


SOLEMN (IIL). IV. Gravity, serious- 
NESS, q. V. 
solemnization : 1. célébratio: 


c. sacri, Plin. 30, 1, 3, § 12: ¢. ludorum, 
Cic. Att. 15, 29,1. 2. expr. by verb: 


aa SOLEMNIZE: see also CELEBRATION 
Ay) 
solemnize: |. Zo perform in a 


solemn manner (e.g. a marriage, fu- 
neral, festival, divine service): célébro, 
1: concélébro, 1 (rare, but with stronger 
sign.). fréquento, I: v. TO CELEBRATE 
(IL.): TO PERFORM (L., 5). ||. Zo keep 
as a festival: festum diem agere, agi- 
tare, Cic. Phr.: tos. a day (= to keep 
it in sad remembrance, prosequi being 
used by Ov.: Sen., of attending a fu- 
neral), prosequi diem, Nep. Att. 4 extr.: 
to decree that the day on which the vic- 
tory was gained should be s.d as a 
festival, decernere ut inter festos refer- 
retur dies quo patrata victoria esset, 
Tac. A. 13, 41, ad fin. I. Zo make 
solemn: may be expr. by reddo, efficio, 
with adj.: v. SOLEMN (1V.), GRAVE. 

solemnly: |. Inaveligious, solemn 
manner: 1, solenniter (with outward 
formality): all the rites having been s. 
performed, omnibus (sacris) s. peractis, 
Liv. 5, 46: to swear s. (i. e. formally), 
s. jurare, Ulp. Dig. 12, 2,33. 2, sancte 
(with religious sincerity): to swear s., 
s. jurare, Pl. Capt. 4,2, 112. Join: pie 
sancteque colere, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56: 
auguste sancteque venerari deos, id. ib. 
PDI NS 3. 3, rité (like sollenniter, 
with due religious observances): Cic.: 
Hors: Lives ve DULY. Il. Gravely, 
seriously, q. V- Il. Zmpressively : 
graviter (with weight and dignity), 
Cic. Sen. 6, 16. 

solicit: |. To ask: 1, ambio, 
Ivi and li, itum, 4 (with acc. of the person 
only, in the best writers: rarely with 
acc. of the thing, which is gen. expr. by 
a clause with ut or ne, very rarely by 
inf.): thee, Fortune, the poor husband- 
man s.s with anxious prayer, te (For- 
tunam) pauper ambit sollicita prece 
ruris colonus (where Fortuna is per- 
sonified), Hor. Od. 1, 35, 5: ef. reginam 
ambire affatu, Virg. Aen. 4, 284: tos. a 
prize for the actors, palmam histrionibus 
ambire, Plaut. Amph. prol. 69: s.ing 
exemption from the laws, ambiens ut 
legibus solveretur, Suet. Caes. 13: cf. am- 
birent multi ne filias in sortem darent, 
id. Aug. 31, med. Hence techn. used of 
s.ing votes (v. TO CANVASS). Phr.: to 
S. an office, petitioni se dare, Cic. Fam. 
13, 10, 2: as.ing the consulship, petitio 
consulatus, Caes. B.C. 1,22: so, ambitio, 
prensatio (but v. CANVASS). 2. péto, 
3: rogo, 1 (less precisely): v. TO BEG, 
ASK. 3. mendico (to solicit alms): 
y.TOBEG(I1.). J, 70 request strongly, 
entreat: contendo (often joined with 
peto), insto, déprécor (v. TO BEG): Oro, 
obsecro, flagito (v. TO IMPLORE, IMPOR- 


710 








SOLITARY 





TUNE, ENTREAT, URGE). Ili. Zo court, 
try to obtain: 1, péto, ivi and ii, 
itum, 3: Sempronia was so inflamed 
by lust that she oftener s..d men than 
was s.’d, libidine sic accensa Sempronia 
ut viros saepius peteret quam peteretur, 
Sall. C. 25: cf. Cat. 59 (61), 145. 23, 
capto, 1 (to court applause, popularity) : 
to s. applause, c. plausus, Cic.: so, aucu- 
por, affecto: v. To courT (5. Phr.), 
COVET. IV. To invite: sollicito, 1: 
usu. of urging to crime: to s. to admi- 
nister poison, ad venenum dandum s., 
Cic. Clu. 16, med.: see also TO INVITE 
(1L.), TEMPT, ALLURE: and for bad sense, 
Vv. TO SEDUCE, TEMPT. V. To disquiet 
(a sense now obsol., used by Dryden, 
Milton): sollicito, vexo: v. TO HARASS. 

solicitation: |. Harnest request, 
importunity:  flagitatio, efflagitatio, 
efflagitatus: Cic.: v. ENTREATY. Il. 
Instigation: stimilus, impulsus (best 
only in abl.): also expr. by verb: at 
your s., te instante, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 3: 
cf. impulsu suo, vestro, Cic.: Ter.: me 
auctore, etc., Cic.: me impulsore, Ter. 
Ad. 4, 2, 214: see also INSTIGATION, IN- 
CENTIVE, TEMPTATION. 

solicitor : |. One who solicits, 
entreats : 1, pétitor (for an office): 
Hor. Od. 3, 1, 10: rare in this sense: in 
Cic. always = plaintiff. 2. deépre- 
cator, Cic.: v. INTERCEDER. 3, flagi- 
tator (an importunate asker) : V. IMPOR- 
TUNATE. 4, sollicitator (a tempter, 
seducer): Paul. Dig. 47, 11, 1: Sen. 





5. expr. by verb, To sOLicit. ll. 
One who practises in the Court of Chan- 
cery: cognitor, procurator, advOcatus : 
Vv. ATTORNEY. 

solicitor-general:. v- ATTORNEY- 
GENERAL. 

solicitous: anxius, sollicitus, tré- 
pidus: v. ANXIOUS. 

solicitously: anxié, sollicité, tré- 
pide: v. ANXIOUSLY. 


solicitude; anxiéias, sollicitiido: 
v. ANXIETY. 
solid (adj.): |, Not fluid or void: 


solidus (contr. soldus, Hor. S. 1, 2, 113): 
opp. liquidus, Lucr. I, 349 (343): opp. 
rarus, id. 346 (340): opp. mollis (e. g. 
aer, aqua, etc.), id. I, 565 (560), seqq.: 
esp. opp. inanis, Lucr. Join: terra s. 
atque conferta, Plin. 2, 64, 64, § 160: 
now there is s. land where there was 
formerly a lake, nunc solida est tellus 
quae lacus ante fuit, Ov. F. 6, 404: cf. 
confertus, spissus, densus (Vv. CLOSE, 
COMPACT, DENSE): firmus, stabilis (v. 
FIRM). Phr.: @ cheese made s., caseus 
glaciatus, Col. 7, 8, 2. ||. Substantial, 
not hollow: solidus: s. lapides, opp. 
pumicosi, Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, circa med. : 
Ss. cornua, opp. cava, Plin. 11, 37, 45, 
§ 127. Join: the s. spherical earth, 
terra s. et globosa, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98: 
cf. sphaera s. atque plena, id. Rep. 1, 14, 
22: the elephant advanced on s. ground, 
solido (neut. absol.) procedebat elephas, 
Liv. 44, 5, med.: cf. Ov. F. 4,821. III. 
Of metals, without dross : 1, purus: 
s. gold, aurum p., Plin. 33, 4, 25, § 84. 

2, pusiilatus (and pustulatus, lit. 
blistered, i. e. refined): s. silver, ar- 
gentum p., Suet. Ner. 44: Mart. 7, 86, 7. 

3, aurum ad obrussam, Suet. 1. c. 
Phr.: bowls of s. gold, crateres auro soli- 
di, Virg. Aen. 2, 765: so, totus aureus 
(annulus) opp. subauratus, Petr. 32. 
Join: aurea statua et solida, Plin. 33, 4, 
24,$83. Fig.: to distinguish the use- 
less from the s., inane abscindere soldo, 
Hor.S. 1,2,113. |W. Of food: nowrish- 
ing, strengthening: 1, firmus: feeding 
the cattle on s. food, firmo cibo pasta 
pecus, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 2: Cels. 2, 18, | 
post init. 9, plénus: more s. kinds 
of food, pleniores cibi, id. 3, 20, extr. | 

3, robustus: r. cibus, id. 2, 18, ad 
med. 4, validus: the most s. food is 
suitable for those of strong health, ro- 
bustis apta materia validissima est, id. 
2, 18, fin.: see also NUURISHING. V.! 
Of buildings : massively-, strongly- 





built : 1, sélidus: a wall either s. or 
with arches, paries vel solidus vel forni- | 
catus, Cic. Top. 4, 22. 2. firmus, | 





stabilis: v. FIRM. Phr.: flint is hardly 
s. enough for building, silex ad struc- 
turam infidelis, Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 169: 
a s. (=sound) wall, idoneus paries, 
Paul. Dig. 39, 2, 36. VI. Solid, hav- 
ing all the geometrical dimensions: Vv. 
CUBIC, CUBICAL. VII. Real, true, not 
fallacious : firmus, stabilis, verus, solid- 
us: V. GENUINE, REAL. Phr.: S. a7gu- 
ments, argumenta firma ad probandum, 
Cic. Brut. 78, 272: cf. argumentum 
grave, id. (v. WEIGHTY: ARGUMENT, REA~ 
son): men. of s. character, homines 
spectati et probati, Cic. (see also HONEST, 
SINCERE): S$. peace, pax explorata (esta- 
blished), Cic. Phil. 7,6, 16 (perpetuus, 
certus, firmus, stabilis, verus, sempi- 
ternus, may also be used with pax in 
this sense). Vill. Prefound (opp. 
superficial): Phr.: very s. learning, 
altissima eruditio, Plin.: cf. literae in- 
teriores et reconditae, Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 
42: V. DEEP, PROFOUND, SOUND. 

solid (subs.) : 1, sdlidum corpus 
(strictly, a body of three dimensions, 
length, breadth, and thickness): a s. is 
produced by the filling up of three di- 
mensions, fit tribus dimensionibus im- 
pletis corpus s., Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 5, 
ad med. 2, sdlidum (neut. absol. 
used as subs.: @ S., Opp. a plane): v. 
soLiD (II. fin.) : Cie. 

—, to become: 1, sdlidesco, 3: 
the structures become s. under water 
moles sub aqua solidescunt, Vitr. 2, 6, 
init.: a broken cartilage does not be- 
come s., cartilago rupta non solidescit. 
Plin. 11, 37, 87, § 216. 2. conferveo. 
2, confervesco, 3 (fo become s. by grow- 
ing together): Cels. 8, 10, § 1 and § 7. 

3, consisto, stiti, stitum, 3, to Le- 

come motionless and s.: usu. with 
frigore, gelu: esp. poet.: Ov.: Hor.: 
Vv. TO FREEZE. 4, concresco, évi, €tum, 
3 (to become s. by curdling): Ov.: v. TO 
CURDLE. 5, solidus fio, Col. 7, 8, 4. 

—, to make: 1, firmo, 1 (in 
most senses in Eng.): v. TO STRENGTHEN. 

Q. denso, 1: to make milk s. into 

butter, d. lac in butyrum, Plin. 11, 41, 
96, § 239. 3. condenso, I (stronger 
than denso) : tomeke cheese s. by weights, 
c. caseum ponderibus, Col. 7, 8, 4: cf. 
spisso, conspisso: V. TO THICKEN. : 
cogo, égi, actum, 3: to make milk s., to 
hardness, c. lac in duritiam, Piin. 23, 7, 
64, § 126 (v.10 CURDLE) : to make honey 
s. by cold, c. mella frigore, Virg.: cf. ¢ 
pastillos (pills), Plin. 20, 1,2,§3. 5. 
sdlido, 1: to make buildings s. without 
beams, aedificia sine trabibus s., Tac. A- 
15,43: Plin. 6, persdlido, 1 (to make 
quite s.), Stat. Theb. 1, 354: cf. con- 
solido : v. TO CONSOLIDATE. 

solidly: |. firmiter, firmé, solide : 
to prop up Ss. f. suffulcire, Plaut. Epid. 
I, 1,77: ef. stabilius (comp. of stabiliter), 


Suet. Claud. 20: v. FIRMLY. [I]. Ac- 

curately, thoroughly: q. v. 
soliloquize: v- SOLILOQUY. 
soliloquy : |. Mental: sermo 


intimus [quum ipse secum (sc. loqui- 
tur)], Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 51: to soliloquize, 
intra se meditari, Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118. 
I. 4 talking to oneself: Phr.: 

in solitudine secum loqui, Cic. Off. 3, 1, 
I: intra se dicere, Quint. 10, 7, 25: he 
held the following s., haec solus secum 
collocutus est, Cic.: ipse secum haec 
locutus est, Cic.: he held a long S., 
multa secum ipse locutus est, Cic.: 
(from Kr.). (N.B.—Not soliloquium, 
which is first used by Augustine.) 

solitarily ; no one word to express 
it: sometimes an adj. may serve (cf. 
L. G. § 343): to live s., agere vitam 
segregem, Sen. Ben. 4, 18, med.: also 
expr. by prep. and subs.: v. SOLITARY, 
SOLITUDE. 

solitariness: V- SOLITUDE. 

solitary (adj.): |. Living alone: 

1, solitarius: a s. man, s. homo, 

Cic.: as. and retired kind of life, s. et 
umbratilis vita, Quint. I, 2,18: v. HER= 
MIT, RECLUSE: to be of a Ss. naiure, 1. 
to frequent s. places, s. natura esse, Varn. 
RR. 3, 16,4. Phr.: to lad a s. (OF 
retired) life, aetatem in tenebris agere 








Pe 





SOLTTA RY 





SOME 


(te. remotam a convictu, foro, re- | solstitium, Hor. Ep. 1, 11,18: Virg. G. 


publica), Plin. Pan. 44, med. 2, »0- 
livazus (wandering, roving alone): s. 
bestiae, opp. congregatae, Cic. Tuse. 5, 
13, 38. 3, singiilaris: when the 
enemy on shore had spivd some s. men 
disembarking, hostes ubi ex litore ali- 
quos sinzulares ex navi egredientes 
conspexerant, Caes. B. G. 4,26. Join: 
non singulare nec solivagum genus, 
Cic. Rep. 1, 25, 39. 4, stgrégis, e 
(nom. does not occur except in the form 
segregus, Aus. Parent. 8, 19): to lead a 
s. life, agere vitam s., Sen. Ben. 4, 18. 

Il. Lonely, unfrequented: 18 
sdlus: s. places, loca s., Cic.: Plaut.: 
on the s. mountain, in solo monte, Tib. 
I, 2, 73. Rarely of persons: J am s.; 
I have no one here, friend or kindred, 
sula sum, habeo hic neminem, neque 
amicum neque cognatum, Ter. Eun. 1. 
2,67: id. Ad. 3,1, 4: v. LONELY. 9. 
désertus (unfrequented): a populous or 
s. place, frequens an desertus locus, 
Quint.: a@ s. stump, d. stipes, Tib. 1, 1, 
It: a most s. desert, desertissima soli- 
tudo, Cic. Join: deserta via et in- 
culta, Cic. Coel. 18, 42: vastus ac 
desertus, Cic.: Liv.: Vv. DESOLATE, 
WASTE. 8. sécrétus: s. montes, 


- silva, litora, Ov.: s. way, s. iter, Hor. 


Ep. I, 18, 103: V. RETIRED, SECLUDED: 
before he spent a s. period alone, (prius- 
quam) solus in secreto (neut. absol.) 
tempus tereret, Liv. 26, 19, ad med. 
4, avius, dévius (out of the high- 
road): Sall.: Liv. Phr.: inas. spot, 
loco ab arbitris remoto (lit. a spot sufe 
from intruders), Cic. Verr. 5, 31, 80: 
the most s. parts of the city, infrequen- 
tissima urbis, Liv. 31, 23, post init. 
Il]. Dreary, gloomy, melancholy, 
Gar Vs IV. Single, detached : it 
séparatus, seéjunctus : Vv. DETACHED. 
2. tnicus (cone only of its kind): 
singilaris (unparalleled) : v. SOLE, ONLY. 
Phr.: as. instance in history, quod nulla 
habet annalium historia, Liv. : in s. con- 
Jimement, clausi in tenebris (?), Sall. Jug. 
14, med.: to put any one in s. confine- 
ment, *aliquem custodiae tradere ser- 
monis et colloquii usu adempto (Georg.). 
solitary (subs.): v. HERMIT. 
solitude: |. State of being alone, 
loneliness: solitudo, inis, f.: widow- 
hood and s., viduitas ac s., Cic. Caecin. 
5, 113: ef. liberorum s., id. Verr. 1, 58, 
153: Ter. Andr. 3, 5,55. Il. Of place: 
remoteness from society : ], sdlitido : 
they had repaired to the s. of the woods 
for concealment, se in s. ac silvas abdi- 
derant, Caes. B. G. 4, 18: s. and retire- 
ment constitute my province, mihi s. et 
recessus provincia est, Cic. Att. 12, 26, 2. 
2. sécrétum (strictly neut. adj.) : 
though my pen rejoices in s. and dreads 
all intruders, cum stilus secreto gaudeat 
atque omnes arbitros reformidet, Quint. 
Io, 7, 16: cf. horrendaeque procul! 
secreta Sibyllae, Virg. Aen. 6, Io. a 
2xpressed by an adj. with locus, regio: 
e. g. locus desertus, regio vasta (Vv. SOLI- 
TARY): see alsO RETREAT, RETIREMENT. 
Ill. Desert: q.v. Phr.: to seeks., 
captare solitudines, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63: 
ef. secretum solitudinemque captare, Ps. 
Quint. Decl. 17, 17, med. : to seek refuge 
in flight and s.,mandare fugae solitudi- 
nique vitam, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20: cf. dis- 
cedere in aliquas solitudines, id. Fam. 2, 
16, 2: to wander about in s. through 
grief, in locis solis moestum errare, id. 
Div. 1, 28, 59: see also RETIREMENT, TO 
RETIRE. 
solo: |, Vocal : *unius cantus: 
also canticum (a song in the Roman 
comedy, sung by me person, and ac- 
companied by music and dancing): 
Cic.: Liv.: to sing a s., *solus canere 
orcantare. |], Instrumental: Phr.: 
he plays a s. on the lyre, flute, etc., 
*solus fidibus, tibiis canit or cantat: a 
male s.-singer, *monodiarius, Not. Tir, 
. 173: a female s.-singer, *monodiaria, 
scr. 
Solomon’s-seal : *Convallaria poly- 
gonatum, Linn. 


solstice: |. The summer s.: 


I, 100. Ul. Zhe winter s.: brima, 
opp. solstitium, Cic. N. D. 2. 7, 19. 
Phr.: at the summer s., solstitiali die, 
Cie. Tuse. 1, 39 94: at the winter s., 
brumaili die, id. Div. 2. 14, 33. 

solstitial: solstitialis, brimalis: v. 
SOLSTICE. 


solubility: expr. by adj. or verb: | 


Vv. SOLUBLE, TO DISSOLV F. 

soluble (capable of solution in a 
fluid): no exact equivalent: perh. dis- 
solubilis, solubilis may serve: expr. by 
verb, quod dissolvi, dilui potest: v. To 
DISSOLVE. 

solution: |. The act of dis- 
solving: expr. by verb: v. TO DISSOLVE. 

I. The liquid in which something 

has been dissolved: dilitum, Plin. 27, 7, 
28, § 46. Ill. Zxplanation, removal 
of difficulties in argument : 1, sdli- 
tio: argumentorum s., Sen. Ben. 5, 12: 
s. of a sophism, s. captionis sophisticae, 
Gell. 18,2. 2, résdliitio (like solutio) : 
sophismatis r., Gell. L. ¢. 8, enddatio 
(rare): Cic. lop. 7,31. 4, explicatio: 
that s. of yours will have done much to 
advance our present problem, multum 
ad ea, quae quaerimus, explicatio tua 
ista profecerit, Cic. Fin. 3, 4,14. Also 
expr. by verb TO SOLVE: see also EX- 
PLANATION, INTERPRETATION. Phr.: to 
require further s., non satis explanari, 
Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 96. 

solve: 1, solvo, vi, itum, 3: let 
Sophisms be s.d, captiosa (used as neut. 
subs.) solvantur, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22: cf. 
discutere captiones, ib.: to s. a riddle, 
aenigma s., Quint. Q. dissolvo: to s. 
problems, interrogationes d., Cic. Ac. 2, 
15, 46. Also, énddo, expédio, Enucleo, 
explano, explico, illustro: v. TO CLEAR 
UP, EXPLAIN, PROVE. Phr.: the nature 
of the gods is mysterious and difficult to 
s., natura deorum est obscura et difficiles 
explicatus habet, Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 93: 
to s. doubts, dubitationem tollere, Cic. : 
d. eximere, Quint. 

solvency : perh. *facultas solvendi: 
or expr. by adj.: v. SOLVENT, CREDIT. 
Phr.: I have got a reputation for s., 
bonum nomen existimor, Cic. Fam. 5, 
6, 2. 
solvent: |. Able to pay: 1, 
qui est solvendo sc. aeri (v. L.G. § 538, 
Obs. 2) Cic.: qui est ad solvendum: 
Vitr. 2. idoneus sc. debitor (safe, 
able to pay, opp. inops): Gai. Dig. : cf. 
Martian. Dig. 35, 2, 88, idoneis homini- 
bus (v. /. nominibus) collocare pecuniam, 
to place money in s. hands: v. L. G. 
§ 538, Obs. 2: Vv. INSOLVENT, BANKRUPT. 

I], Lit.: able to dissolve: expr. by 

verb: e. g., quod dissolvere potest: v. 
TO DISSOLVE. 

sombre: obsciirus, ténébrodsus, tris- 
tis: V. DARK, DUSKY, GLOOMY. 

some (adj.): 1. aliqui, aliqua, ali- 
quod (the forms aliquis and aliquid for 
the most part being used substantively : 
aliqui, etc., is always emphatic and op- 
posed either expressly or impliedly to 
such words as all, much, none, etc.) : 
Jrom this people is chosen s. leader or 
other, ex hoc populo deligitur aliqui 
dux, Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68: s. war or other, 
aliquod bellum, Caes.: see also Any (2). 
Sometimes for aliqui, aliquis is used: 
e. g., in whose way some hardship or 
other has been put, quibus est aliquis 
objectus labos, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6: cf. 
gravis aliquis casus, Cic. Am. 22, 84. 
[N.B.—With numerals, aliqui, as Gr. tes, 
expresses an inde/inite number, and is = 
about: s. (or about) twenty days, aliquos 
viginti dies, Pl. Men. 5, 5, 47: s. five 
leaves, aliqua folia quinque, Cato R. R. 
156, ad init.: v.aBouT(B.)] Q, aliqui- 
piam, Aliquipiam, Aliquodpiam (rare): 
even if he should be driven out of this 
city by s. force, etiamsi aliquapiam vi 
expelleretur ex hac urbe, Cic. Sest. 29, 
63. 3. quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiam 
(similar to quis, but capable of taking a 
more independent and emphatic posi- 
tion: usu. with si): what if s. deity 
hath willed this ? quid si hoe voluit quis- 
piam Deus? ‘ler. Eun. 5, 2, 36. 4. 


- 


SOME 





nonnullus (= considerable, sing., or 
several, plur.): s. (= considerable) risk, 
n. periculum, Plaut.: s. (= several) co. 
horts, n. cobortes, Caes, 5. aliquot 
(a few, indecl., and only used with plur, 
subs.): s. letters, aliquot epistolae, Cic. : 
Jrom s. causes, a. de causis, Caes.: s. 
| years before, a. ante anuos, Suet. u 
quidam, quaedam, qnoddam (of a certain 
person or thing, which one cannot or 
may not mention by name): s. (=a 
certain) Gaul, quidam Gallus, Caes, : 
8. (= certain) subjects of debate, quae- 
dam quaestiones, Cic.: hence occasionally 
found joined with certus, esp. in Cic. (v. 
CERTAIN), ‘7, nescioquis (rare as adj.) : 
Vv. SOME (subs. 7): s. eye or other be- 
witches my tender lambs, nescio quis te- 
neros oculus mibi fascinat agnos (allud- 
ing to the supposed power of an evil 
eye), Virg. E. 3, 103. Phr.: in s. de- 
yree, to s. extent, aliquantum, Cic.: ali- 
quatenus, Sen.: Quint.: in s. respect, 
aliquid (v. SOMEWHAT): for s. time (in- 
definite), aliquamdiu, Cic. : aliquantisper, 
Plaut.: Ter.: for s. (short) time, paulis- 
per: s. time before, aliquanto ante, Cic. : 
after s. time, post aliquanto, id.: ats. 
time or other (past or present), aliquando : 
to stand you in s. stead, iu rem tuam 
esse, Plaut.: with s. (good) reason, non 
sine causa, Cic.: s. days before, superi- 
oribus diebus, Caes. B. G. 7, 58: it is s. 
comfort to me, nonnihil me consolatur, 
Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2: s. progress has been 
made, considering the very unhappy po- 
sition we are in, ponnihil, ut in tantis 
malis, est profectum, ib. 12, 2, 2. 
[N.B.—Some may occasionally be ren- 
dered (1.) by a diminutive subs.: e. g., 
s. (little) solace, solatiolum, Cat.: (2.) by 
a double negative construction: e. g., 
with s. (considerable) sicill, non incal- 
lide, Cic.} 

some (swbs.): some one or somebody, 
something : 1, aliquis, aliquid, plur. 
aliqui (fem. sing., and fem. and neutr. 
plur, not used, for the forms Aliquae, 
aliqua, properly belong to iliqui): 7t is 
no fault of yours, if s. have feared you, 
non tua culpa est, si te aliqui ttmuerunt, 
Cic. Marcell. 6, 20, fin. N.B—In Plaut. 
and Ter. aliquis is used, like 7s in Gr., 
with a plur. verb: open the door s.body 
immediately, aperite aliquis actutum 
ostium, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26: cf. Pl. Men. 
4, 2, 111: in Virg. once with 2 pers. sing. 
(exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor, 
Aen. 4, 625): and even the simple quis 
is simly. used with plur. verb in Pl. Ps. 5, 
I, 37 (Simoni me adesse, quis nuntiate). 
Join: with unus (to denote a single 
but indefinite person): name s. one or 
other, unum aliquem nominate, Cic. Clu. 
66, 185: with alius: to promise s.thing 
else, aliquid aliud promittere, Petr.: with 
adj.: to attempt s.thing great, aliquid 
magnum invadere, Virg. Aen. 9, 184: 
With ex, de, or gen. (in partitive sense) : 
S. one of you, aliquis ex vobis, Cic.: 
s. one of us three, a. de tribus nobis, id.: 
s. one of their own party, suorum a., id. 
Hence aliquid with gen. of subs. or 
is used for the adj. aliqui: ¢. g., aliquid 
pugnae (= aliqua pugna), Pl. Capt. 3, 4, 
52; aliquid monstri (= aliquod mon- 
strum), ‘ler. Andr. 1, 5, 15: aliquid vi- 
rium (= aliquae vires), Cic. Fam. 11, 18, 
3: aliquid indefensi (= aliquod inde 
fensum), Liv. 26, 5, ad med. Phr.: tf 
be s.body or s.thing (= o/ some worth or 
note), esse aliquis or aliquid: if you 
would be s.body (in the world), si vis 
esse aliquid (so the best MSS for aliquis: 
Cicero however uses both sum aliquis 
and sum aliquid in this sense), Juv. S, 
1, 74: you would have me be s.body, me 
velis esse aliquem, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 8: 
believing himself (to be) s.body, sese ali- 
quem credens, Pers.S. 1,129: cf. aliquem 
se putare, Sen.: what you say is, J grant, 
s.thing, but it by no means includes the 
whole, est istuc quidem aliquid, sed ne- 
quaquam in isto sunt omnia, Cic. Sen. 
3,8: it is s.thing to have been the wife 
of Jupiter, est aliquid nupsisse Jovi, 
Ov. F. 6,27: to say s. (of importance, 
to the point: Gr. Aeyew tc), Cic. Tusce, 

771 








SOME 


SOMETIMES 


SOMEWHERE 





1, 10, 20: to relate to s. (in gramm.). 
ad aliquid esse, Quint. 9. nonnulli: 
s. imagined these stories to have been 
trumped up, nonnulli haec ficta existi- 
mabant, Sall. C. 22: cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 
26, med. ne nonnullus, adj., Vv. 
SOME, adj. (4).] 3, quidam, quae- 
dam, quiddam: s. one (= a certain 
one) of the soldiers, quidam ex mi- 
litibus, Caes.: s. (= certain) of them 
made their way to the Nervit, quidam 
ex his ad Nervios pervenerunt, id. 
With gen.: s. (=certain) good men 
were slain, quidam bonorum caesi, 
Tac. A. 1, 49. Also neutr. sing. as 
subs.: s.thing divine, quiddam divi- 
num, Cic.: so quiddam mali (= quod- 
dam malum), id. Leg. 3, 10, 23. Also 
quidam .... alii (like alii .... alii), 
some .... others: s. retired from the 
city, others committed suicide, exces- 
serunt urbe quidam, alii mortem sibi 
consciverunt, Liv. 45, 10, extr. [For 
quidam, adj.,v.soMrF,adj.(6).} 4, non- 
nemo (sing. = several): in the senate- 
house even there are s. enemies, in ipsa 
curia nonnemo hostis est, Cic. Mur. 39, 
84: butin id. Cat, 4, 5, 10, itis = quidam: 
I see that s. one (= a certain person) is 
absent, video abesse nonneminem. 5, 
quispiam, quaepiam, quidpiam 07 quip- 
piam (almost = aliquis): s. one of those, 
quispiam ex iis, Gell. 2, 21, med.: to 
bring forward to s. people, proferre ad 
quospiam, Appul. Flor. Often in anti- 
cipating objections: e. g., perhaps s. one 
will say, fortasse dixerit quispiam, Cic. 
Sen. 3,8. [For quispiam, adj., v. SOME, 
adj.(3).] 6, aliquot (rarely as subs.) : 
s. (= a few) had paid me a visit, a, me 
adierant, Ter. Andr. 3, 3,2. [For aliquot, 
adj., Vv. SOME, adj.(5).] ‘7, nescio quis 
(implying uncertainty : somebody, some 
one or other, I know not who: v. L. G. 
§ 626): s. one or other is speaking here 
close to me, prope me hic nescio quis 
loquitur, Pl. Pers. £, 3, 19: my mind 
certainly fovebodes s.-thing ill, nescio 
quid profecto mihi animus praesagit 
mali, ‘l'er. Heaut. 2, 2, 7. Also in af- 
fected ignorance, denoting insignificance 
or meanness: s. pleader fellow, causidi- 
cum nescio quem, Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202: 
by the complaints of s. Paconius, who- 
ever he may be, Paconii nescio cujus 
querelis, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, 19. [For 
nescio quis used adjectively, v. SOME, 
adj. (7).} 8. sunt qui (the verb usu. 
plur, and in pres., with an indefinite and 
freq. without any expressed subject, but 
with a relative clause which either de- 
fines or takes the place of the subject : 
lit.: there are those people or things, who 
or that, etc.: when the rel. clause states 
a fact, the indic. is used; when a mere 
conception, contingency or uncertainty, 
the subj. is employed: cf. Gr. éaruv ot, 
etc.): s. have not the courage to say what 
they feel, sunt qui quod sentiunt non 
audent dicere, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84: tos. 
1 seem to be too bitter in satire, sunt 
quibus in satira videor nimis acer, 
Hor.S. 2, 1, 1: ef. sunt quos curriculo 
pulverem Olympicum collegisse juvat, 
id. Od. 1, 1, 3: there ave s. who think 
death to be the departure of the mind. 
From the body, sunt qui discessum aninu 
@ corpore putent esse mortem, Cic. l'usc. 
1,9,18. Simly. sunt quidam qui is used. 

Q, alius.... alius (some ... others): 
they brought forward, s. purple, others 
incense, others precious stones, alii pur- 
puram, tus alii, gemmas alii, Cic. Verr. 
5, 56,146. Also alius repeated in a dif- 
ferent case, or alius with an adverb in 
the second place: e. g., living s. in one 
way, others in another, alius alio more 
viventes, Sall. C. 6: the cavalry slipped 
off, s. by one route, others by another, 
equites alii alia dilapsi sunt, Liv. 44, 43: 
s. are exposed to danger from one quar- 
ter, others from another, aliis aliunde est 
periculum, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 19. For other 
constructions, Vv. OTHER, ANOTHER (1). 
‘Phr.: as often as you shall have s. one 
‘to send a letter by, quoties habebis cui 
des literas, Cic. Att. 11, 13, 5: there 
will every day be s. one to send by, *erit 

772 





quotidie per quem mittas (Ainsw.): 7 
will forego s. of my right, * paulum de 
jure meo discedam (Ainsw.): there is 
s.thing in it, non s. haud temere est, 
freq. in Plaut. and Ter.: cf. non hoc de 
nibilo est, Ter., and non de nihilo, Liv. : 
I will be s.thing or nothing, ego ero aut 
Caesar aut nullus: IJ must talk of s.thing 
else, oratio alio demutanda est mea, Pl. 
Mil. 4, 7, 8. 

somehow or other: 1, 4liqua 
(sc. via, by some road or other): to escape 
s. or other, if he could, a. evolare, si 
posset, Cic. Verr. 1, 26, 67: tf you 
had not done a mischief s. or other, you 
would have died, si non a. nocuisses, 
mortuus esses, Virg. E. 3, 15. K 
nescio quomodo (lit., J know not how) : 
good men are s. or other too sluggish, 
boni nescio quomodo tardiores sunt, 
Cic. Sest. 47, 100. 3, nescio quo pacto 
(like the preced.): s. or other it 1s always 
the case, nescio quo pacto semper hoc 
fit, id. Mur. 21, 43: others s. or other 
have become hardened, alii nescio quo 
pacto obduruerunt, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 2. 
(N.B.—Such phrases as nescio quomodo, 
nescio quo pacto, are to be regarded as 
a single adverbial expression, and hence 


the indic.) 
cee 1, cernuo, 1: they 
somerset : kept running over 


skins drenched with vil and throw- 
ing s.s, pelles oleo perfusas percurre- 
bant, ibique cernuabant, Varr. in Non. 
21,8. 2, perh. *in caput se circum- 
agere (Georg.). Phr.: lightly clad 
youths throw s.s between swords and 
spears pointed at them, nudi juyenes 
inter gladios se atque infestas frameas 
saltu jaciunt, Tac. G. 24: one who throws 
s.s, @ tumbler : cernuus, Lucil. in Non. 
21, 6: ef. petaurista (and -es), ae, m. 
= metavpio7ys, Varr. in Non. 56, 26. 
sometime : |, At an indefinite 
past time: 1, iliquando: have you 
heard this s.time or other from any one? 
num haec ex ullo andivisti a? Cic. 
2, quondam: s.time mother-in-law, 
q. socrus, id. Clu. 66, 188. Also antea, 
olim, etc. (v. FORMERLY). }. 4¢ an 
indefinite future time: 1, aliquando: 
the day will s.time or other dawn, 
illucescet a. ille dies, Cic. Mil. 26, 69. 
9, aliquo tempore (like aliquando): 
morial flesh must s.time or other perish, 
corpus mortale a. temp. interire necesse 
est, Cic. Inv. 2, §7, 170. (N.B.—Necesse 
est gen. prefers a dat. of the person to 
an acc.) 3, quanddque: 7 think that 
Tshall stay longer at Astura, till he shalt 
come s.time, ego me Asturae diutius 
arbitror commoraturum, quoad ille q. 
veniat, Cic. Fam. 6, 19, extr.: Liv.: Tac. 
4, dlim (chiefly poet. in this sense) : 
vy. HEREAFTER. (N.B—For some time 
= along while, v. LONG, adv.) 
some time ago: didum, pridem, 
etc. (v. AGO, SOME TIME). 
sometimes : |, At times: 1, 
Aliquando: moral rectitude s. clashes 
with expediency, utilitas a. cum honestate 
pugnat, Cic. Off. 3, 3, 12. 2. nonnun- 
quam: s. by day, oftener by night, n. 
interdiu, saepius noctu, Caes. B. G. 1, 
8: Cic. 3. dlim (poet.): as coaxing 
teachers s. give boys cakes, ut pueris 0. 
dant crustula blandi doctores, Hor. S. 1, 
1,25: Ov.: Virg. 4, interdum: s., 07 
rather exceedingly often, i. vel potius 
nimium saepe, Cic. 5. quandoque 
(now and then): s. ships are made, 
s. shields, q. fiunt trabes, q. clipei, Sen. 
Q. N. 1,1, extr. 6, stibindé: v. occa- 
SIONALLY. Il. As correl., sometimes 
sometimes: 1, moddd.... modo: 
or in place of the second modo, some 
other adverb (see Smith's Lat. Dict. 
s. v., and art. Now, II.). 2, nunc.... 
nunc: v.Now (IL). 3, dlias.... alias: 
to be s. happy, s. wretched, a. beatus esse, 
a. miser, Cie. Fin. 2, 27, 87. Or alias in 
connexion with alius, aliter, for which 
alio tempore may be used: v. Now (I1.). 
4, interdum .... interdum: s. in 
speech the flow is very rapid, s. the pace 
is moderate, i, cursus est in oratione 
incitatior, i, moderata ingressio, Cic. 








Or. 59, 201. 5, interim .... interim 
(rare): Quint. 5, 10, 34. 6, quan- 
doque .... quandoque (v. supr. 1. 5). 
Phr.: cranes standing s. on one leg, 
s. on the other, grues alternis pedibus 
insistentes, Plin. 10, 23, 30, § 59 (cf. al- 
terno terram quatiunt pede, Hor. Od. 1, 
4, 7): V. ALTERNATELY : hope and fear 
together make it s. credible, s, not, 
aletuant spesque timorque fidem, Ov. H. 
, 38. 
somewhat (subs.): 1, nonnibil 
(indecl.: something considerable): he 
devotes s. of his time to literature, n. 
temporis tribuit literis, Nep. Hannib. 13. 
9, aliquantum (usu. something great) : 
used as neutr. subs. with gen.: a. agri, 
noctis, itineris, Cic.: Caes.: see also 
DEAL (subs.). 8, aliquantilum (as 
subs. : something little): a. suspicionis, 
Cic.: see also LI£TLE (subs.). 
somewhat (adv.): |. In some 
(indefinite) degree: often expr. in Lat. 
by a neutr. pron. : 1, Aliquid: the 
light by this time beginning to shine 
through, but yet s. indistinct, pellucens 
jam a., incerta tamen lux, Liv. 41, 2, 
adinit. 2, quidpiam (or quippiam) : 
is this marriage s. irksome to him? 
num illi molestae q. sunt hae nuptiae ? 
Ter. And. 2, 6, 7. 8. nescio quid: 
to differ s. in philosophy, nescio quid in 
philosophia dissentire, Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 
93. 4, aliquaténus: stalks s. red, 
caules a. rubentes, Plin. 27, 12, 80, § 105 : 
Quint.: Sen. See also PARTLY. I. Jn 
some great degree: aliquantum, 4li- 
quanto (aliquanto being used oftener 
than aliquantum with comparatives) : 
not only not in opposition to legal limits, 
but even stopping short of them, and s. 
short too, non mvudo non contra legem, 
sed etiam intra legem, et quidem ali- 
quanto, Cic. Fam. 9, 26,4: he who has 
come s. near virtue, qui processit aliquan- 
tum ad virtutis aditum, Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 
48: the conqueror returned to Rome toa s. 
greater contest, victor Romam ad majus 
aliquanto certamen rediit, Liv. 5, 29, 
ad med.: Vv. CONSIDERABLY. Wh. Zn 
some slight degree: 1, aliquantulum: 
spare yourself S., a. tibi parce, Ter. Heaut. 
I,1,11f. Q, nonnibil: the recollection 
s. consoles me, ND. me consolatur quum 
recordor, Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2: ef. haud 
nihil, Liv. 1, 3, init. 3. paulum, 
paulo, pauliilum : esp. paulo with com- 
par., oftener than paulum: v. LITTLE 
(adv.). [N.B—Somewhat is often de- 
noted in Latin: (i.) by a simple compa- 
rative (when excess beyond the average 
is implied): old age is naturally s. 
talkative, senectus est natura loquacior, 
Cic. Sen. 16, 55: cf. multa fecit asperius 
(s. roughly), id. Fam. 6, 6, 10. (ii.) by 
a compar. with a diminutival suffix: 
s. better (of a patient), meliusculus, Cels. 
3, 22, extr.: @ S. grown-up girl, virgo 
grandiuscula (though there is another 
reading, grandicula), Ter. And. 4, 5, 19: 
Thais is s. older than I am, Thais, quam 
ego sum, majuscula est, ler. Kun. 3, 3, 
21: and even an adverb is found: @. g., 
meliuscule: when you were s. better, 
cum m. tibi esset, Cic. Fam. 16, 5, I. 
(iii.) by a diminut. adj.: s. poor, pau- 
perculus, Hor.: Ter.: s. small, parvu- 
lus, Cic.: Caes.: Virg. (iv.) by the 
prep. sub in comp.: s. ugly, subturpis, 
Cic. : s. obscure, subobscurus, id.] 
somewhence: V.SoMEWHERE (IIL). 
somewhere: In some place : 
1, alicttbi: I could have wished 
rather you had procured your lands s. 
here, mallem hic a. paravisses (praedia), 
Cic. Flac. 29, 71: cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 7. 
9, aliquo léco: you are to look for 
no letter fiom me before I am settled 
s., antequam a. 1 consedero, literas a 
me non exspectabis, Cic. Att. 5, 14, I. 
3, nonnusquam (in some places. 
rare): Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168. 4, ali- 
quotfariam (in several places: rare): 
Vari Rests 2erts 5, uspiam (s. or 
anywhere): I did not doubt but that he 
would be likely to see you at Dyrrachium 
or s. in your parts, non dubitabam, quin 
te ille aut Dyrrachii aut in istis locis 











SOMEWHERE ELSE 





jam visurus esset, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 2. 
||. To some place: aliquo : to bring 
some one away to the country s. or other, 
aliquem rus a. educere, Cic.: mean- 
while let me retire to a corner 8. or 
other, interea in angulum a. abeam, Ter. 
C5, 2, Il. INI. From some place: 
Blicundé: he should borvow s.{ = from 
some one), sumeret a., Ter. Ph. 2, I, 70. 
See also ANYWHERE, ELSE (adv.). 
somewhere else: v. ELSE (adv.): 
ELSEWHERE. 
somewhile: v. SOMETME. 
—whither: v. somewuHere (lII.). 
sommerset: Y. SOMERSAULT. 
somnambulism: *ambulatio dor- 
mientis. . 
somnambulist : 
ambulat. 
somnolence. somnolency: som- 
nus: somni ciupiditas, somndlentia 
(rare): V. DROWSINESS. 
somnolent: sémisomnus, sdpdrus: 
Y. DROWSY, HALF-ASLEEP. 
son: |. In reference to a parent : 
1, filius (voc. sing. fili): passim. 
Fig.: a s. of fortune (or fortune’s 
favourite): fortunae f., Hor. S. 2, 6, 49. 
with which cf. gallinae filius albae (the 
Fr. “le fils de la poule blanche”), Juv. 
13, 141: a s.of mother earth (=an 
mean person), terrae f., Cic. Att. 
I, 13, 4: Pers. 6, §9. Dimin.: a little 
or dear s., filidlus, Cic.: Plaut.: see 
also BOY. 2, expr. by a patronymic 
in the poets): e.g. s. of Priamus, 
“4 aa 8. = ae Atrides: v. 
= 184, Y . expr. simply 
by a gen. of the father (since a son may 
be said to belong to a father): Has- 
drubal, s. of Gisgo, H. Gisgonis, Liv. 
25, 37,ad med. 4, natus (or gnatus: 
solely poet.): Virg.: Ov. 5, virile 
sécus (indecl.), virilis sexus, stirps viri- 
lis: I had one little daughter, have never 
had a s., filiolam ego unam habui, virile 
secus nunquam ullum habui, Pl. Rud. 
I, 2, 19: supposing he had left nos., si 
is virilem sexum non reliquisset, Nep. 
Ages. 1: Amulius compasses the death 
of his brother's s.s, A. stirpem fratris 
virilem interimit, Liv. 1, 3, in fin. : 
gaat éi (poet., very rarely = filius, 
ing properly a collect. subs.): Sarpe- 
don, my s., S., mea progenies, Virg. Aen. 
Io, 471: she says that Bacchus is not 
the s. of Jove, Bacchum progeniem negat 
esse Jovis, Ov. M. 4, 3. Simly. genus is 
used: daring s. of Japetus, audax lapeti 
g., Hor. Od. 1, 3, 27: Virg.: cf. also this 
use of suboles, proles, and sanguis by 
the poets : the illustrious s. of Anchises 
and Venus, clarus Anchisae Venerisque 
sanguis, Hor. Carm. S. 50: cf. id. Od. 4, 
3, 14: Virg. Aen. 4, 236. 7, alum- 
nus (foster-s.): Fig.: a soldier’s s., 
legionum a., Tac. A. 1, 44: cf. castrorum 
filius (a title of Caligula, from his hav- 
ing been brought up in the camp), Suet. 
Cal. 22, init.: that Italy might see her 
own s. branded with the greatest torture 
of slavery, (ut) Italia alumnum suum 
servitutis extremo summoque supplicio 
affixum videret, Cic. Verr. 5, 66, 169. 
I]. In reference to an ancestor: 
pennies, stirps, genus, etc.: or expr. 
participles, ortus, satus, Gditus, 
génitus, natus, with abl.: v. OFFSPRING, 
DESCENDANT, DFSCENDED. Sometimes 
also patronymics are used in a wide 
sense: e. g. the s.s of Aeneas (=the 
Romans), Aenéidae, Lucr.: the s.s of 
Romulus (in same sense as preced.), 
Romiilidae, Virg. Ill. As title of 
Our Lord: S.of man, Filius hominis, 
Vulg. Matt. xxv. 31, etc.: S. of God, 
Filius Dei, Vulg. Acts ix. 20,ete. Phr.: 
the elder s., e duobus filiis major, Caes. 
B.C. 3, 108: she eldest s., maximus natu 
or maximus: v. OLD, I., 2.: FIRSTBORN : 
simly. the younger, youngest s., minor 
natu, minimus natu: every mother’s s. 
(=all, to a man), ad unum omnes, Cic. 
Am. 23, 86: to kill every mother’s s., 
Occidione s. occisione occidere, Cic. : 
iv.: cf. ad internecionem caedere, 
Liv. 9, 26, init.: a s. of free parents, 
oriundus ab ingenuis, Cic.: s, of Jupiter, 


*qui dormiens 


SONGSTER 


quem Jupiter genuit, id.: like a good s., | 
pie: to be reyarded as a s., haberi in 
liberum loco, Cic. Verr. 1, 15, 40: to 
adopt one as a §., aliquem filium insti- 
tuere, id. pro Dom. 14, 37 (see also To | 
ADOPT, ADOPTIVE): to be delivered of a | 
s., filium parere. 
son-in-law: géner: passim. 
sonata (an extended musical com- 
position for one or two instruments): 
not known amongst the Romans: perh. 
most nearly represented by * mOdorum | 
concentus, symphonia. 
song: |. Vocal: 1. cantus, iis, | 
m. (more freq. in prose than poetry): | 
8.8 of Sirens, c. Sirenum, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 
49: the whole neighbourhood resounded | 
with the s. of voices accompanied by | 
stringed instruments and flutes, cantu | 
vocum, nervorum et tibiarum tota_ 
vicinitas personabat, Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 
134: 8.8 of mourning, lugubres cantus, | 
Hor. Od. 1, 24, 2. (For instrumental | 
music, see Music [I].], STRAIN. TUNE.) | 
Also of birds: birds were lulling the 
air with s., volucres aethera mulce- 
bant cantu, Virg. Aen. 7, 34: to utter 
s., c. dare, ib. 1, 398: Ov. F. 2, 765: 
ef, c. avium, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94.. Also 
a s. of incantation: s. even tries to 
draw down the moon from her car, 
cantus et e curru Junam deducere tentat, 
‘lib. 1, 8, 24 (Vv. INCANTATION). zs 
carmen, inis, m. (in this sense mostly 
poet. for cantus): illustrious for vocal 
s., carmine vocali clarus, Ov. M. 11, 317: 
@ marriage s., c. nuptiale, Cat.: the 
swan on the eve of death sings her 
Juneral s., carmina jam moriens canit 
exsequialia cycnus, Ov. M. 14, 430: cf. 
Virg. Aen. 4, 462: Vv. DIRGE. 3. 
canticum (a s. in the Roman comedy, 
sung by one person, and accompanied 
by music and dancing: v. soo): the 
actor in a certain s., histrio in ~. quo- 
dam, Suet. Ner. 39: v. Dict. Ant. 238, 
a: see also BALLAD, CANTICLE. Also @ 
drinking song: all the quests are up- 
roarious with obscene s.s, omne convi- 
vium obscenis canticis strepit, Quint. 1, 
2G: 4, cantio, dnis, f. (rare in this 
sense): Pl. Stich. 5, 4, 25: Suet. Ner. 
25. Esp. used as @ s. of incantation: 
cf. Cic. Brut. 60, 217: v. INCANTATION. 
5, cantiléna (an old, trite song): | 
hence Fig.: you are always singing 
the same old s, (dit is the old story), 
cant. eandem canis, Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 10: 
ef. Cic. Att. 1. 19, 8. 6, cantiuncila 
(a flattering, alluring s.): cantiunculae 
(sc. Sirenum), Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 49 (a word 
apparently coined by Cic.). 7. canor, 
Oris, m. (= melody): s. of the swan, c. 
cygni, Lucr. 4, 180: Ov. A. A. 3, 315. 
||. A written poetical composition : 
1, carmen, inis, n.: s. of Ilium, c. 
Tliacum, Hor. A. P. 12g: tragic s., tra- 
gicum c., ib, 220, and pass. : Cic.: Quint. : 
V. POEM, POETRY, VERSE. Also a s. of 
incantation: cf. carmina vel coelo pos- 
sunt deducere lunam: carminibus Circe 
socios mutavit Ulixi, Virg. E. 8, 69. 
To wrile, compose @ §., carmen condere, 
pangere, fingere, etc., Hor.: v. To comM- 
POSE, 2, poemiatium: Plin.: Aus. 
3. mélos, i, m.: Vv. STRAIN, TUNE. 
Ill. Miscell.: @ drinking s., can- 
ticum (v. supr. L, 3): a@ satirical, 
abusive s., famosum carmen (Vv. LAM- 
POON): a nurse’s s. (for lulling child- 
ren), lallus (v. LULLABY): ef, also querela 
in a sim. sense (long: somnum suadere 
querela), Stat. Theb. 5, 616: the burden 
of @ 8. (i.e. a verse repeated in a s. at 
certain intervals), versus intercalaris, 
Serv. in Virg. E. 8, 21 (incipe Maenalios 
versus, and, ducite ab urbe domum): 
they had sung their s. out, hi jam de- 
cantaverant, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 53: to 
accompany the flute with a s., *conferre 
ad tibiam vocem (Georg.): v. TO ACCOM- 
PANY: vanquished in s.,cantando victus, 
Virg. E. 3, 21: I had a natural talent 
for s., sponte sua carmen versus venie- 
bat ad aptos, Ov. (Quich.). Prov.: to 
buy for a mere s., parvo emere, Cic.: v. 
CHEAP, CHEAPLY, 
songster, songstress (a 











term | 


| poet) : 


SOON 





limited in Eng. to birds: seldom, if 


ever, applied to buman beings; for 
which latter, see sInGrR): 1, Avis 
cantrix, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 14. 2 


avis canora: Virg. G. 2, 328: cf. ales 
canorus (7. €. cygnus), Hor. Od. 2, 20, 15. 
8. avis cantu vocalis: Plin. 10, 50, 


72, 9 141. 
sonless: orbus: v. CHII.DLEss. 
sonnet: canticilum. For love-s. : 


Vv, LOVE-POEM. 
sonneteer (usu. = an insignificant 
perh. versifYeator: a better s. 
than poet, v. quam poéta melior, Quint. 
10, I, 89: V. POETASTER, VERSIFIER 
sonorous: |. Loud or clar: 
1. s6norus: s. lyre, s. cithara, Tib.: 


8. rivers, s. flumina, Virg.: s. g/ove, 
Ss. nemus, Stat. Cf. clarus, magnus 
(esp. relating to the voice): vy. LOUD, 


CLEAR, DEEP (III,). 2. sdnabilis, e: 
8. (metallic) rattle, s, sistrum, Ov. M. 
9, 784. 3. sdnans, antis: his breath- 
ing was heavier and move s., meatus 
animae gravior et sonantivr, Plin. Ep. 
6, 16, ad med. 4, sénax, acis: s. 
shell, s. concha (al. sonanti), Ov. M. 1, 
333. 5, clarisénus (poet. and rare): 
8. voice, c. vox, Cat. 64 (62), 320. 6. 
vocalis, e: more s. (i. e. clearer) words, 
verba vocaliora, Quint. 8, 8, 16: to 
choose some one with the most s. voice to 
read, eligere vocalissimum aliquem qui 


legeret, Plin. Ep. 4, 7, ad med. ll. 
Melodious, well-sounding : 1. can- 
didus (clear and musical): v. CLEAR. 


2. canorus: v. MELODIOUS. 3. 
argiitus (rare in this sense): s. grove, 
a. nemus, Virg. Of style in oratory: 
s., clear and well-rounded periods, a 
certique et circumscripti verborum am- 
bitus, Cic. Or. 12, 38: cf. modulatus, 
numerosus (V. MELODIOUS.). 4, son- 
ans, antis: Of style: s. (good) old- 
fashioned words, s. verba et antiqua, 
Plin. Ep. 1, 16, ad init.: this pleasantly 
s. style charms the listener betier than 
a severely concise one, potius dulcia haec 
et s. quam austera et pressa (auditorem) 
delectant, id. 2, 19, ad med.: s. songs 
and elegies, musas elegosque s., Mart. 
"1, 46, 5. Phr.: s. and empty phrases, 
verborum sonitus inanis, Cic. de Or. 1, 
12,51. (Fors. in a bad sense, V. GRAND, 
GRANDILOQUENT, INFLATED.) 

sonorously ; sdnoré, canoré (rare): 
V. CLEARLY, LOUDLY, MELODIOUSLY : best, 
however, expr. by adj. (vy. SONOKOUS). 

sonship: perh. *cognatione filius 
(based on Cic. Fin, 5, 1, 1, cognatione 
patruelis, my cousin by blood). 

soon: |, Jn or after a short time: 

1, brévi tempore, or brévi absol. : 
the commonwealth will by your aid s. 
recover its own rights, vespublica per 
vos brev. temp. jus suum recuperabit, 
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3: he s. subdued every- 
thing, b. omnia subegit, Suet. Caes. 34: 
see also Smith’s Lat. ict. s. brevis 
CIUL, 2.). Very s., perbrevi tempore 
or perbrevi, Cic, 9, mox (very s.= 
directly): I shall be back s., mox ego 
huc revertor, Ter.: how s. breakfast has 
been cooked, quam m™. coctum est pran- 
dium, Pl. Rud. 2, 3,12. =, jam (all 
but now, in a minute): I’ll soon be there, 
jam adcro, Ter. (cf. jam te premet nox, 
Hor.). Jam jam or jam jJamque = pos- 
sibly s., at any moment: cf. atra silex 
jam jam lapsura, Virg. Aen. 6, 602: v. 
MOMENTARILY, INSTANTLY, IMMEDIATELY. 

4, propédiem (shortly, q. v.): I 
shall see you s., propediem te videbo, 
Cic. Div. 1, 23, 47- I]. Quickly, 
speedily, q. V.: ], cito: since you 
have said that a man who had not arnt 
a thing s.,could never learn it thoroughly 
at all, quod eum negasti qui non ec. quid 
didicisset unquam omnino porse perdis- 
cere, Cic. de Or. 3, 36, 146. 9. cé- 
lériter: J will send you a book s., 
librum tibi c. mittam, Cic. (For to do 
a thing s., V. TO HASTEN, HURRY ON.) 

Ill. Jn good time: mature, tem- 
pestivé, tempéri or tempori: v. EARLY. 
SEASONABLY, OPPORTUNELY. IV. Pre- 
maturely: immatiré, praemature: v. 
PREMATURELY: but best expr. by adj 


ms? 
i? 


SOON 





(Vv. PREMATURE). Ne AS $s. asic) Vi. 
SOON AS, AS. VI. As s. as possible : 
Vv. SOON AS POSSIBLE, AS. Special 
Phr.: as s.=(a.) as readily, willingly 
(in this sense in Eng. accompanying 
would or some other word expressing 
will), implying regret or preference: I 
would as s. it had not been done, nollem 
factum, Ter.: J would as s. die, cupio 
mori, id.: Cato would as s. be a slave 
as a soldier, Cato servire quam pugnare 
Yuavult, Cic. Att. 7, I5, 2: v. FAIN, 
RATHER, TO PREFER. (6.) as lief, im- 
olying indifference: I would as s. they 
should be unharmed and go where you 
bid, nihil m»ror eos salvos esse et ire 
quo jubetis, Ant. in Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 35: 
V. LIEF, INDIFFERENT (5. Phr.). (c.) just 
as little, implying improbability: expr. 
‘1.) by non magis.. quam: Caius would 
as s. traverse on horseback the bay of 
Baiae as become emperor, non magis 
Caium imperaturum quam per Baianum 
sinum equis discessurum, Suet. Cal. 19, 
extr. (2.) by ante... quam (poet.): as 
s. shall the hart graze aloft in air as 
nis features pass away from this breast, 
ante leves pascentur in aethere cervi 
quam nostro illius labatur pectore vul- 
tus, Virg. E. 1, 59, and seqg, Miscell.: 
s. after, mox, Liv.: paulo mox, Plin.: 
post paulo, Caes., Sall.: brevi postea, 
Cic.: non multo postea, id.: non ita 
Mmulto post, Liv.: brevi spatio inter- 
Jjecto, Caes. B. G. 3, 4, init.: very s., 
opinione citius, Varr.: cf. celerius om- 
nium opinione, Caes. B. G. 2, 3, init.: 
also expr. by a superl. adv. (v. supr.): 
to an eager mind no haste is s. enough, 
animo cupienti nihil satis festinatur, 
Sall. J. 64, extr.: destined s. (= ere 
bong) to be an old woman and to stoop, 
anus haud longa curva futura die, Prop. 
3,9, 20 (2, 18, 20). 

soon, as: v. soon (extr.: Special 
Phr.). 


— as, as: 1, simul atque, 
simul ac (or, in one word, simulatque, 
simulac): as s.as Caesars arrival was 
ascertained, simul atque de Caesaris 
adventu cognitum est, Caes. B G. 5, 3: 
as s. as Jove’s dear spouse perceived 
plainly her being entangled in such 
calamity, simulac tali persensit peste 
teneri cara Jovis conjux, Virg. Aen. 4, 

Also strengthened with primum 
(which may be expressed by our ever) : 
as §. ag ever an opportunity appeared 
to him, simulac primum ei occasio visa 
est, Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 34. 2. simul 
ut (less freq. than preced.): every animal 
as s.as it ts born begins to love itself, 
omne animal simul ut ortum est, se 
ipsum diligit, Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33. 3} 
simul (=simul atque): as s. as the 
Sabines saw the Roman line forming, 
they too themselves advance, s. instrui 
Romanam aciem S. videre, et ipsi pro- 
cedunt, Liv. 3, 62, ad med. (cf. Taygete 
simul os terris ostendit honestum, Virg.). 
Also strengthened with primum: (C. 
Marcius denounced Q. Fabius with im- 
peachment, as s. as ever he retired from 
Office, Q. Fabio, s. primum magistratu 
abiit, ab C. Marcio dicta dies est, Liv. 6, 
¥, ad med. 4. ut: the soldiers, as s. 
as they had halted in line, drove the Atre- 
bates in a mass into the river, milites, 
ut in acie constiterant, A. in flumen 
compulerunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 23, init. 
Also statim ut: J wrote a letter as s. as 
I had read yours, literas scripsi statim 
ut tuas legeram, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 3: v. 
IMMEDIATELY AFTER. Strengthened with 
primum: as s. as the privilege was 
given, ut primum potestas data est, Cic. 
Fam. 10, 13, 1. 5, ubi: like the sun 
as s.as it issues from the vanquished 
clouds, ut sol victis ubi nubibus exit, 
Ov. M. 5,571: 1 said, as s. as ever you 
showed it me, that it was the one (the 
ring), dixi, ubi mihi ostendisti illico 
eum esse, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 3. Esp. ubi 
primum: as s. as the enemy beheld our 
cavalry, they threw our men into dis- 
order, hostes ubi primum nostros con- 
Spexerunt, nostros perturbaverunt, Caes. 
B. G. 4, 12, init. 6, quum primum : 

114 


SOOTHE 





as s.as he begins to be sensible, quum 
primum sapere coepit, Cic. 7. mox 
(ubi, ut or quam): what if the commons 
should come in arms, as s. as we fail to 
be influenced by their secession, quid, si 
plebs, mox ubi parum secessione movea- 
mur, armata veniat, Liv. 3, 82, post 
med.: cf. mox ut, Flor. 2, 4, ad init. : 
sO mox quam, Paul. Dig. 8. pariter 
... pariter: the hero of Calydon as s. 
as he beheld her longed for her, hanc p. 
vidit, p. Calydonius heros optavit, Ov. 
M. 8, 323: I heard of his death as s. as 
his illness, p. aegrum, p. decessisse cog- 
novi, Plin. Ep. 8, 23, extr. 9) vix.t. 
quum or et (poet.): as s. as he had 
spoken, by chance a pair of doves came 
Jlying in the sky, vix ea fatus erat, 
geminae quum forte columbae coelo 
venere volantes, Virg. Aen. 6, 190: ef. 
ib. 5, 857: Cic.: Caes. (N.B—Such 
phrases also as so s. as, no sooner... 
than, may be rendered like as s. as.) 
See also IMMEDIATELY AFTER. 
soon as possible. as: 1. quam- 
primum (or separately, quam primum) : 
he charges him to return to him as s. as 
possible, huic mandat ut ad se quam- 
primum revertatur, Caes. B. G. 4, 21: 
Cic. Very rarely with possum, and not 
to be imitated: that you return as s. as 
possible, ut quamprimum possis redeas. 
Pl. Capt. 2, 3, 88. 2. primo quoque 
tempore: that as s. as possible they 
should bring forward these matters 
before this house, ut primo quoque tem- 
pore de bis rebus ad hunec ordinem 
referrent, Cic. Phil. 3, 15, extr., and pass. 
3, expr. also by a superl. adv. with 
or without quam: the offence should be 
punished as s.as possible, res maturis- 
sime vindicanda est, Cic. Caec. 2, 7: let 
him come to the province as s. as possi- 
ble, quam ocissime ad provinciam acce- 
dat, Sall. J. 25, ad med. 
sooner: |. Zarlier: tempérius, 
maturius (v. EARLY): tempestivius, Hor. 
Od. 4, 1, 9. Expr. also by prius... 
quam, ante..... quam (Vv. BEFORE). 
| Phr.: the s. the better (—as soon as 
possible, q. V.), Quamprimum, primo 
quoque tempore s. die, Cic.: the lot that 
| s. or later is destined to leap forth, 
serius ocius sors exitura, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 
26: s. or later we hasten to one common 
abode, serius aut citius sedem propera- 
mus ad unam, Ov. M. Io, 33. ll. 
More quickly: expr. by compar. adv. 
(v. soon, II.: QUICKLY, SPEEDILY). 
Phr.: no s. said than done, dictum ac 
factum or dictum factum (Gr. au €ros 
aua épyov), Ter. Andr. 2, 3, 7: ef. dicto 
citius, Virg. Aen. 1, 142: Liv. 23, 47. 
Il. More willingly (= rather : 
q. V.): expr. by libentius, pdtius, migis, 
etc. foll. by quam: or by some verb 
| denoting preference (Vv. TO PREFEK). 
In Cic. Off. 1, 18, we find even citius = 
potius: simly. in id. Tusc. 5, 27, 77, 
prius = potius. IV. More easily: 
1, Ocius: that nook of yours will s. 
produce pepper and frankincense than 
| the grape, angulus iste feret piper et 
| tus ocius uva, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 23. F 
facilius: nothing is s. said, nil est dictu 
f., Ter. Ph. 2, 1, Jo: and gen. by a com- 
par. adv. (see also EASILY). 
soonest: expr. by a superl. adv. (v. 
soon): or by periphr.: e.g. af the s., 
primo quoque tempore, etc. (v. SOON AS 
POSSIBLE, AS). Often best expr. by adj. : 
pears the s. ripe, ocissima pira, Plin. 
soot: 1. fuligo, inis, f.: the door- 
posts black with constant s., assidua 
postes fuligine nigri, Virg. E. 7, 50: ef. 
Cic. Phil. 2, 36, 97. 2. caminorum 
farina (rare): Plin. 28, 7, 23, § 84. 
Phr.: besmeared with s. (or more pre- 
cisely, with black paint, in which s. was 
an ingredient), filiginatus (rare), Hier. 
Ep. 10: perh. * fuligine oblitus may 
serve. 
sooth, in: V. INDEED; FACT, IN. 
sooth: Phr.: s. to say, si verum 
scire vis, Cic.: ef. verum si loqui volu- 
mus, si verum quaerimus, ne mentiar 
(Georg.): V. TRUTH. 
soothe : lL. 





To allay pain : 


SOOTHSAYER 





whether physical or mental: 3 
Tulceo, si, sum, 2: he s.s wounds by 
manifold appliances, varia vulnera mul~ 
cet ope, Ov. F. 5,402. 2, permulceo, 2 
(seldom used literally, as in Ov. Met. r, 
715, firmat soporem languida permul- 
cens medicata lumina virga, confirms 
their sound slumber by s.ing their tired 
eyes with a tinctured wand): by no 
comfort to s. old age, nulla consolatione 
p. senectutem, Cic. Sen. 2, 4. a 
lénio, ivi or ii, itum, 4: to s. wownds, 
vulnera L, Prop. 4, deélénio, 4 
(stronger than lenio: fo s. effectually) : 
to s. one’s grief, d. dolentem, Hor. Od. 3, 
1, 43: to s.a@ disease, d. morbum, Plin. 
5, lévo, 1: to s. care and mental 
anxiety by talk and advice, curam et 
angorem animi sermone et consilio L, 
Cic.: cf. allévo, ete. (v. "> ALLEVIATE, 
RELIEVE). 6. sédo, i (oftener fig, 
than lit.): to s. pains in the ears, do- 
lores aurium s., Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 133: 
to s. (or quiet) alarm, s. pavorem, Liv, 
7. mitigo, 1: dolores, labores m., 
Cic.: to s. one’s ears (by explanations), 
aures m., Quint. 12, 1, 14: also metus 
m., id.: Vv. TO MITIGATE. 8, tran- 
quillo, 1 (fig.): so that their minds are 
either agitated or s.d, ut aut pertur- 
bentur animi aut tranquillentur, Cic. 
Top. 26,98: v. To caLM. For fo be s.d, 
see also TO ABATE (B.). 9, consdlor, 
solor, I: V. TO COMFORT. i]. Tos. or 
soften down anger, tumult, etc. ; 
oblenio, 4: let reading of poetry s. an 
irritable man, lectio carminum (iracun- 
dum) obleniat, Sen. de Ira, 3, 9, inié. 
2, mulceo (poet.): iras m., Virg. 
Cf. also placo, sédo, lénio, mollio, mitigo 
(Vv. TO PACIFY, MOLLIFY, APPEASE, AL- 
LAY). ||. 70 Jull with pleasure: mul- 
ceo, 2: m. tigres (of Orpheus), Virg. : 
to s. girls with song, puellas carmine 
m., Hor. Od. 3, 11, 20. Also délénio, 
Técanto, etc.: v. TO CHARM, FASCINATE. 
IV. To caress, flatter: q.v. Phr.: 
to s. grief, sedationem moerendi afferre, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 65: cf. levationem 
aegritudinum habere, ib. I, 49, 119: to 
s. one’s toils, flectere labores, Stat. S. 
5, 1, 120: tos. cares with the lyre, curas 
lyra attenuare, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 16: to s. 
pain, dolorem abstergere, Cic. 


|]. Of sound, softly- 
subdued, submissus, plicidus, lénis, ete. 
Also of winning words: blandus, dé- 
lénificus, Plaut. 
soothing (subs.): mitigatio (rare), 
sédatio, placatio, consdlatio, Cic.: v. 
ALLEVIATION, CALMING, APPEASING, CON- 
SOLATION: best expr., however, by verb 
(Vv. TO SOOTHE), 
soothingly: |. In a soothing 
manner: expr. by adj. or subs.: v. 
SOOTHING (adj. and subs.). Il. Ina 
winning way: blandé, Cic.: Hor. 
blanditer, Plaut. 
soothsayer: 1, augur, iris: v. 
AUGUR. 2, auspex, icis: Hor. Od. 3, 
27, 8: Cic. Att. 2,7, 2. (For augur and 
auspex, v. Dict. Ant. p. 174: the augur 
or auspex predicted future events from 
the flight, singing, or feeding of birds.) 
3. haruspex, icis, (who foretold the 
Suture from the inspection of the en- 
trails of victims, whence the term also 
of exstipex, Cic. Div. 2, 11, 26). A 
Jeminine form, haruspica, occurs, Pl. 
Mil. 1, 3, 98 (hariolae atque haruspicae). 
4, haridlus (often joined with 
haruspex, and = prophet, seer): Cic. 
N. D. 1, 20, 55: Plaut.: Ter. Also a 


Jem. haridla, freq. in Plaut.: see also 


FORTUNE-TELLER. §, sortilégus: v. 
FORTUNE-TELLER. 6, métoposcdpns 
or -0s, i (one who told fortunes by eax 
amining the forehead, a physiognomist) : 
Suet. ‘Tit. 2: Plin. 35, 10, 36,§ 88. Other 
words less precise are: conjector, con- 
jectrix, divinus, saga (Vv. FORTUNE- 
TELLER): vates, vaticinator, ete. (¥. 
PROPHET, PROPHETESS). To act as @ 
s.: (i) augiror, 1: Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: 
Tac.: v. TO AUGUR, PREDICT. ii.) 











SOOTHSAYING 


auspicor, 1: Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 1t: Liv. 
27. 16, fin. (iii.) haridlor, 1 (in a con- 
temptuous sense): Cic. Att. 8, 11, 3. 
soothsaying: 1, augiiratio(rare), 
augurium, auspiclum: v. AUGURY, DI- 
VINATION. 2. haruspicina (sc. ars: 
the art of divining by inspecting vic- 
tims): Cic. Div. 2, 23, 50. 3, haru- 
spicium: Cat. go (88), 2: Plin. 4, 56, 57, 


203. 4, haridlatio (rare): Att. in 

ic. Div. 1, 31, 66 5, vaticinatio: 
V. PROPHECY. 

sooty: |. Full of soot: 1, fuli- 


gindsus (rare), Prud. ored. 10, 261. 
2. fimodsus (less precise): Vv. 
SMOKY. J. Of colour, li/e soot: fuli- 
ginéus: f. color, Arn. 7, 254: f. nubes, 
Petr. 108, init.: see also BLACK. 
sop (subs.): |. That which is 
steeped in a fluid: gen. of food: perh. 
intrita, intritum may serve: a wine S., 
intrita panis e vino (though this is more 
properly a mash than a sop), Cels. 3, 19: 
ef. intritum lacte confectum, App. M. 
11, med. No exact word, however, to 
express it in good authors: may be 
expr. by panis (or frustum, offa, ete. : 
V. MORSEL), vino, (or aqua, lacte, etc.), 
madefactus, madidus, perfusus, etc. 
Il. Anything given to pacify: dé- 
lénimentum: that a division of terri- 
tory should be offered them as a s. for 
their feelings, d. animis agri divisionem 
objici, Liv. 4, 51, med. Prov.: to throw 
a s. to Cerberus, offam Cerbero objicere, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 420. 
sophism: (always in a contemptu- 
ous sense, and hence =a fallacious 
argument) : 1, captio, nis, f.: all 
3.8 of that kind are refuted in the same 
manner, omnes istius generis c. eodem 
modo refelluntur, Cic. Fat. 13, 30: to 
shatter s.s, discutere c.,id.: to expose s.s, 
explicare c., id. Also strengthened by 
dialecticus: d. captiones, id. Fin. 2, 6, 
17. Dimin., captiuncula, Cic. Att. 15, 
7: see also FALLACY. 9. cavillatio: 
Sen. pass. 8. sdphisma, Atis, n. 
(= oodicpa): Sen.: Gell. 4, con- 
clisiuncula (a silly inference): Cic. 
Acad. 2, 24,75. Phr.: let us return to 
the s.s of Chrysippus, ad C. laqueos re- 
vertamur, Cic. Fat. 4, 7: unless we shall 
have shown thes.s in the speech, nisi quid 
in oratione vani sit docuerimus, Liv.: 
to have recourse to s.s, cavillor, Cic.: to 
explain s.s, captiosa (as neutr. subs.) 
solvere, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22. 
sophist : |. A sophist by pro- 
fession: sdphistes, ae (= sodiorjs) : 
Protagoras, a very great s., Protagoras 
8. vel maximus, Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 63: 
but used ironically, id. Acad. 2, 23, 72. 
I]. Any fallacious reasoner : cavil- 
lator: Sen. Ep. 102, ad med.: v. Ca- 
vitteR. Phr.: to play the s., cavillor, 
Cic.: or by periphr.: ostentationis aut 
quaestus causa philosophari, Cic. Acad. 
B23. 42. 
sophistic, 1, captidsus: Join: 
sophistical : §s. questions, fallaces 
et c. interrogationes, Cic. Acad. 2, 15, 46. 
Q, cavillatrix (rare): as. inference, 
c. conclusio, Quint. 7, 3, 14. 3. sé- 
phisticus (= god.orixos: late): Gell. : 
Arm. Phr.: s. arguments, disputa- 
tionum laquei, Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 43. 
See also sopHISM. 
sophistically: captidsé (rare): Cic.: 
Sphisticé (late): Cod. Just. Better 
expr. by cavillatorum more, modo: cap- 
tiosis verbis, etc. 
sophistry: v. sopuism. [Sdpbisticé, 
és, (= soduroriky. sc. Téxvn), only found 
in App. Dogm. Piat.] 
sophisticate, sophisticated, etc. : 
V. TO ADULTERATE, ADULTERATED, etc. 
‘soporiferous, soporiferously : v. 
SOPORIFIC, 
soporific (a@7.): 1, sdporifer: the 
$s. poppy, 8. papaver, Virg. Aen. 4, 486: 
Ov.: Plin. 2. sdporus (sleep-bring- 
tng): s. nox, Virg.: Lucan. 8, som- 
nifer, somnificus (v. NARCOTIC, adj.). 
Phr.: a bough made s. by Stygian in- 
fluence, ramus vi Stygia soporatus, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 855: a cake rendered s. with 
drugged grain, soporata medicatis fru- 





SORDIDNESS 


gibus offa, ib. 6, 420. For to make s., 
¥. TO DRUG. 

soporific (subs.): médicamentum 
somnificum (a drug), Plin. 37, 10, §7 
§ 158. Or expr. by circuml: v. OPIATE 
throughout. 

sopranist, soprano: Vv. TREBLE- 
SINGER, TREBLE. 


sorb (or service-tree): sorbus, i, 


f.: Col. 5, 10, 19: Plin. 16, 18, 30, § 74. 


(*Sorbus domestica, Linn.) 
sorb-apple (or service-berry) : 
sorbum, i, m.: Plin. 15, 21, 23, § 85: 
Virg. G. 3, 380. 
sorb-tree: Vv. SORB. ; 
sorcerer: 1, magus (= payos: 
strictly, one of the Persian Magi): App. 
Apol. p. 290. 2. incantator (late) : 
Tert.: v. MAGICIAN. 8, vénéficus (one 
who deals in potent drugs or spells): 
Cic.: Hor.: Ov.: see also POISONER. 
4, mialéficus (as subs. : late): Cod. 
Just. 5, théurgus (= Oeoupyos, one 
who summons spirits: late): Aug. : 
expr. by periphr.: e.g., artifex magi- 
carum artium: qui magicas artes ad- 
hibet, exercet. 
sorceress: miga, vénéfica, saga, 
cantatrix : v. ENCHANTRESS. 
sorcery: |. The art or practice 
of sorcery : 1, fascinatio, Onis, f. (in 
plur. : a bewitching): Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 22. 
Q. effascinatio, Onis, f. (in plur.): 
id. 19, 4, 19 § 50: id. 37, 10, 54, § 145. 
3, maléficium (in pl. : al. malefica) : 
Tac. A. 2, 69: App. 4, vénéficinm 
(in pl.): Ov.: Plin.: joined with can- 
tiones (enchantments), Cic. Brut. 60, 217. 
5, expr. by migicus or magus, with 
a subs. : magicae artes, Virg. Aen. 4, 493: 
Magicae superstitiones, Tac. A. 12, 59: 
magica sacra, Virg. E. 8, 66: magae 
artes, Ov. Am. I, 8, 5. 6. magia 
(= payeia): App. Apol. p. 290. ih 
théurgia (= @eoupyia, a summoning of 
spirits: very late): Aug.: also ars 
theurgica, id. nm The means em- 
ployed in sorcery: 1, vénénum : 
Medea’s cursed s.s, dira Medeae venena, 
Hor.: Cic.: Ov.: by a@ kind of s., 
quodam quasi v., Cic. Off. 3, 19, 76. 
2. dévotio, Onis, f. (usu. in pl.: 
an incantation, devoting to perdition) : 
Suet. Cal. 3: Tac. A. 2,69. For carmen, 
vox, cantamen, cantio, incantamentum, 
etc., v. INCANTATION, CHARM. Phr.: 
to subject to s.s, fascino, effascino, dé- 
voveo (Vv. TO BEWITCH): S.s, diri sacrorum 
ritus, Tac. A. 16, 8: pertaining to s.s, 
magicus, magus (v. supr., I. 5): also 
vénéficus: v. verba, Ov. M. 14, 365: cf. 
v. artes, Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 17. 
sordid: |. Mean,niggardly: 1, 
sordidus (of mean, dirty ways): s. ava- 
vice, sordidus cupido (cupido is always 
masc. in Hor.), Hor. Od. 2, 16, 15: Plin.: 
Quint. 9. restrictus (close) : Cic. Off. 
2, 18. 62. Cf. also parcus, ténax, avarus, 
malignus (Vv. NIGGARDLY). |. Abject, 
grovelling : 1, sordidus: Join: s. 
cares, humiles et s. curae, Plin. Ep. 1, 3, 
3: s. gains, illiberales et s. quaestus, 
Cic. Off. 1, 42. 150: that most base and 
s. of all men, iste omnium turpissimus 
et sordidissimus, Cic. Att. 9, 9, 3. 74 
humilis. See also aBJFCT, GROVELLING, 
MEAN, Low. Phr.: as. mind, animus 
depressus et quasi demersus in terram, 
Cic. Sen. 21, 77: also, animus pusillus, 
id. Fam. 2, 17, 7 (Vv. PALTRY PETTY). 
II]. Of birth: Awmble: q.v. IV. 
Of dress: shabbily dressed : 1, sordi- 
datus: Cic.: Ter.: Plaut. 2, sordidus: 
wisdom is often hidden under a s. cloak, 
saepe est etiam sub palliolo s. sapientia, 
Caecil. in Cic. Fam. 3, 23, 56. 3, ob- 
sdlétus: Cic. See also MEANLY, POORLY. 
Phr.: to have s. sentiments, humiliter 
demisseque sentire, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24. 
V. Of style in language : v. MEAGRE 
IL). 
‘ Dasaly sordidé: illibéraliter : 
mijstré: v. MEANLY, POORLY. 
sordidness: |. Meanness : iL 
sordes, ium, f.: Cic.: Plin.: Hor. 2. 
avaritia: Cic. 98, illibéralitas; id. See 
also MEANNESS (throughout), NIGGARD- 
LINESS. I]. Baseness: q. v. ll. 








SORREL 


Poverty (of language): v. 
(1I.), MEAGRENESS, 

sore (subs.): 1. ulcus, éris, 7. (in 
gen. sense): Cels.: Plin.: Lucr.: Virg.: 
Hor.: the opening of a 8., ulceris os, 
Virg. G. 3, 454 (where too vulnus is 
used for ulcus, as also freq. in Cels. 5, 9, 
26 and 28): cf. u. margines, Plin. 30, 13, 
39, § 113. Dimin., ulcuscilum, Cels. : 
Sen.: Plin.: full of s.s, ulcérdsus, Tac. A. 
4,57: @ breaking out into s.s, ulcératio, 
Plin. 34, 11, 27, § 115 (Vv. ULCERATION). 
Fig.: the sore (of love) grows and festers 
by feeding it, u. (i. €., amor) vivescit et 
inveterascit alendo, Lucr. 4, 1064 (1062): 
no matter which part of these you touch, 
it will prove as. (i. e., will turn out 
absurd), quicquid horum attigeris, u. 
est, Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 104. Prov.: lo 
touch a s. (i.e. touch on a delicate 
subject), u. tangere, Ter. Ph. 4, 4,9: cf- 
Ov. Trist. 4, 11, 63 (rescindere vulnera 
noli deque gravi duras ulcere tolle 
manus); and Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 4 (refricare 
obductam jam reipublicae cicatricem) . 
simly. recrudesco (to become a raw &. 
again: fig.), id. Fam. 4, 6, 2. 2. in- 
tertrigo, inis, f. (a s. caused by chafing: 
in pl.): Plin. Also intrigo, Varr. 3. 
mentagra (an eruption, tetter on the 
chin): Plin. Cf. mentigo, ostigo (an 
eruption or scab on lambs), Col.: see 
also ERUPTION, SCAB. 4. firunciilus, 
vomica: v. BOIL. 5, fistila: Cels.: 
Plin. 6. abscessus, 4postéma, sup- 
puratio: v.agscess. (7, carbuncilus: 
Vv. CARBUNCLE. 8, cancer, carcinoma, 
phigédaena: v.cCANCER. 9, &@pinyctis, 
idis, f. (= émuuxtis, a small s. that 
comes in the night): Plin. 20, 2, 6, § 12. 
Also=a s. in the corner of the eye 
(called also sycé = ovxn), id. 20, 6, 21, 

44: and aegilopium, aegilops, Plin. : 
Cels. (N.B.—For eye-sore in fig. sense, 
V. EYESORE.) Phr.: to close a s., cica- 
tricem inducere, Cels.: cicatricem con- 
trahere, explere, Plin. (v. TO CICATRIZE, 
SCAR): to open a S., scarificare, Plin. 
(see also TO LANCE). For fig. sense of 
sore, see alSO DISTRESS, AFFLICTION, SOR- 
ROW, TROUBLE: also supr. (1. 1). , 

sore (adj.): |. Lit.: Causing 
pain: expr. by dilor, criciatus, ete. (v. 
PAINFUL, I.a.). Phr.: to make s., exul- 
céro, Plin.: Cels.: see also TO GALL: 
a s. place (v. SORE). Il. Feeling pain, 
attended with pain: expr. by ddleo, 
conddlesco, inddlesco (v. PAINFUL, L. b.): 
that place is s. to touch, locus tactu in- 
dolescit, Cels. 8, 9, 1, init.: such ulcers 
are s. along time, diu aolent talia ulcera, 
Plin. Phr.: s.- (or blear-) eyed, lippus, 
Hor.: s. eye, lippus oculus, Plaut.: s. 
mouth and gums, oris gingivarumque 
ulceratio, Plin. 34, 11, 27, § 115: s. lips, 
labiorum ulcera, ib.: s. throat, fauces 
scabrae, Plin. 27, 4, 3, § 12: and perh. f. 
exasperatae (based on fauces exasperare, 
Cels. 1, 3): also f. exulceratae, id. 28, 
9, 33, § 129. Wl. Fig.: Sorely dis- 
tressing (of disease, calamity, ec. ): 
gravis, dirus, acerbus, etc. : Vv. GRIEVOUS, 


POVERTY 


DISTRESSING, VIOLENT, PAINFUL (IL), 
POIGNANT. V. Sensitive, touchy, trri- 
table: q.v. Phr.: to be s. on a point, 


aegre, graviter, moleste ferre (with quod, 
quia, si, etc.): v. ANNOYED, TO BE. Vv. 
Irksome, troublesome, galling: q. V. 
Phr.: ful s. against my will I sent 
him away from me, ego eum a me in- 
vitissimus dimisi, Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 1. 
, sorely; for all meanings, v. 
GRIEVOUSLY: often best expr. by adj. 
or verb: see also PAINFULLY. Phr.: 
they were s. put to it (i.e. they were in 
the last extremity), res illis ad triarios 
rediit, Liv. (for which phr. see Dict, 
Ant. p. 495, 4-). on 
soreness : , Lit: exulcératio 
Cels.: in pl., Plin. Expr. also by dolor. 
\], Fig.: poignancy, bitterness: 
q. V. : 
sorites (a logical conclusion drawr 
from an accumulation of arguments): 
1. sdrites (= awpetms): Cic. Div 
2, 4,11: Sen. 9. acervus: Cic, Acad 
2, 16, 49: Hor. Ep. 2, 1,47. | 
sorrel (adj-): of a yellowish or red 
175 





SORREL 





SORT 


dish-brown colour: spadix, icis: a s.| sorrow. To make s.: (1.) contristo, 1: 


horse, s. (equus), Virg. G. 3, 82. See 
also BAY (adj.), DUN (adj.). | 
sorrel (subs.): a plant: 1. lap- 


athum and lapathus, f. (but m., Lucil. 
in Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24) =Aamaov or Aa- 
mafos (*Rumex Acetosella, Linn.), Plin. 
20, 21, 85,§ 231 (which read throughout, 
as various kinds of s. are there men- 
tioned). 9, rimex, icis, f.: ib.: 
(*Rumex Acetosella, Linn.). $3, oxys, 
yos, m. (= o&vs, sharp: common wood- 
8.): Plin. 27, 12, 89, § 112. (*Oxalis 
Acetosella, or perh., Ox. stricta, Linn.) 
4, oxilis, idis (—ofadAts: garden- 
S.): Plin. 20, 21, 85, § 231. (*Oxalis 
Acetosella, Linn.). 
— -tree; *Andromeda Arborea, 
Linn. 
sorrily : v. 
POORLY, PITIABLY. 
sorrow (subs.): 1, délor, doris, m. 
(most gen. term): v. GRIEF. Phr.: to 
my s., cum dolore meo: or expr. by 
verb: e. g. quod valde doleo, vehe- 
meuter d., etc. 9. aegritiido, inis, f. 
(often used by Cic. in the more restricted 
sense of s., though in Tusc. 4, 7, 16, he 
treats it asa gen. term, including envy, 
pity, despair, etc.): to give oneself up 
to s., aegr. se dedere, Tuse. 3, 28, 71: to 
die of s., aegr. confici, ib. 3, 12, 27: to 
soothe and remove s., aegr. lenire et tol- 
tere, id.: aegr. leniorem facere, id. Ss; 
aegrimonia (rather rare): J should ill 
brook: it, if there were occasion for fresh 
S., ferrem graviter si novae aegr. locus 
esset, Cic. Att. 12, 38,2: Hor.: Plaut. 
4, maeror, Oris, m. (usu. of out- 
ward grief : Cic. defines it as aegritudo 
_lebilis, Tusc. 4, 8, 18): to be over- 
whelmed with s., confici m., Cic. Fam. 
14, 3, 1: to pine avay in s. and tears, 
m. et lacrimis consenescere, Cic. Clu. 5, 
13. 5, luctus, is, m. (prop. s. for 
bereavement, hence also keen s.: Cic. in 
Tusc. 4, 8, 18, defines it as, aegritudo ex 
ejus, qui carus fuerit, interitu acerbo) : | 
but also opp. to voluptates, Cic. Fam. 
14,1,1. See also GRIEF. 6, tristitia, 
mMaestitia: v. SADNEsS. 7, acerbitas, 
angor: V. DISTRESS, ANGUISH. 8, de- 
gidérium (s. for the absence or loss of 
anything): V. REGRET. 9. poeni- 
tentia: v. REPENTANCE, REGRET. 10. 
cura, sollicitido: v. ANXIETY, TROUBLE. 
jl. sénium (rare in this sense) ; 
these things are for a trouble to me 
and a@ s., hae res mihi dividiae et senio 
sunt, Pl. Stich. 1, 1, 19: the whole state 
ts overwhelmed with s., tota civitas con- 
fecta senio est, Cic. Mil. 8,20. See also 





MEANLY, ABJECTLY, 


q. 
| 





Distress. (N.B.—For garments of s., 
Vv. MOURNING, II.) 
sorrow (v.): 1, ddleo, ui, itum, 


2: v. TO GRIEVE (B.). 2: expr. by 
dolor, maeror, luctus, etce., with a verb: 
e. g. dolore affici, angi, Cic.: dolorem 
capere, accipere, percipere, id.: in do- 
lore esse, id.: in maerore, luctu versari, 


jacere, id. 8, ligeo, xi, ctum, 2: 
maereo. 2: V. TO MOURN. 4. indol- 
esco, délui, 3: V. TO GRIEVE. 5, con- 


tristor, I (pass. of contristo) : the practi- 
cally wise man is not disturbed in 
mind, nor s.s, nor fears, (prudens) non 
perturbatur, nec contristatur, nec timet, 
Sen. Ep. 85,12. See also TO LAMENT. 
sorrowful: |. Expressive of sor- 
row; 1, maestus: to wear a s. and 
distracted look, m. et conturbato vultu 
uti, Auct. Her. 3,15, 27: Hor.: s. plaints, 
m. questus, Virg. Join: m. ac solli- 
citus, Hor. Somewhat s., submaestus 
(rare): Amm. 30, 1, intt. 9. tristis, 
e: v. SAD. 8, luctudsus (rare in this 
sense): 1. Hesperiae, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 8. 
4, maerens, entis (like maestus): 
S$. weeping, m. fletus, Cic.: s., dejected, 
distressed, m., dejectus, afflictus, id. : 
see also DEJECTED. 5, lgibris, e: v. 
MOURNFUL (II.), MOURNING (adj.). 6. 
expr. also by a part. and subs. : mae- 
rore, luctu, aegritudine afflictus, Cic. : 
or by pres. part. of verb: v. TO SORROW. 
Phr.: as. brow and downcast look, 
frons lueta parum et dejecto lumina 
vultu, Virg. Aen. 6, 862: to be s., v. TO 
776 





this opinion made Balbus s., contristavit 
haec sententia B., Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 
9, 5. (2.) expr. by periphr.: e.g. mae- 
stitiam inferre, Cic.: Vv. TO SADDEN, 
GRIEVE (1.). |]. Causing s., fraught 
with s.: luctudsus, Aacerbus, flébilis, 
misérabilis, laméntabilis, etc.: v. SAD, 
MOURNFUL, MOVING, GRIEVOUS, LAMENT- 
ABLE, WRETCHED. 

sorrowfully ; maesté, flébiliter (v. 
MOURNFULLY, SADLY, PLAINTIVELY)? 
miséré, misérabiliter, miserandum in 
modum (v. DEPLORABLY, MISERABLY). 
sorry (adj.): |. Mournful, sad: 
v.  |f. Poor, paltry, good-for-no- 
thing: q. v. 

—, be: |. Yo repent, re- 
gret: 1, poenitet, uit, 2 (imper's. : gen. 
with ace. of subject and gen. of object : 
sometimes also with neutr. pron., infin., 
or clause): I will say this, that I am not 
s. for my advice respecting your stay, 
hoc dicam, non poenitere me consilii de 
tua mansione, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8: it is a 
wise man’s part to do nothing for which 
he may be s., sapientis est proprium, 
nihil quod poenitere possit, facere, id. 
Tuse. 5, 28, 81. (N.B—Poeniteo is 
rarely used with a personal subject: 
e.g. it is usual for him to be s. when he 
has done something or other in a rage, 
solet eum quum aliquid furiose fecit 
poenitere, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1.) 2. piget, 
uit, 2 (like poenitet in construction) : 
I am not only s. for my folly, but 
even ashamed of it, me non solum 
piget stultitiae meae, sed etiam pudet, 
Cic. Dom. 11, 29: his subsequent actions 
Tam uncertain whether I am the rather 
ashamed or s. to discuss, postea quae 
fecerit incertum habeo, pudeat magis an 
pigeat disserere, Sall. J. 95, extr. Il. 
To be annoyed, displeased: 1, ddleo, 2: 
Vv. TO GRIEVE (IL.). 9. modlesté, griv- 
iter, aegré fero, tuli, latum, 3: v. AN- 
NOYED, TO BE, I. Zo pity: q. v. 
Phr.: Jam s. for tt, nollem factum 
(lit. J should have wished it not done), 
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 11: J was s. to expel 
Flaminius from the senate, invitus feci, 
ut F. e senatu ejicerem, Cic. Sen. 12, 42. 

sort (subs.): |, Akind, species: 1, 
génus, éris, m.: V. KIND (subs.), CLASS 
(subs.): of this s., hujus g., Cic. pass. : 
of that s., ejus g., istius g., id.: of the 
same s., ejusdem g., id.: of all s.s, om- 
nium g., omnis g. (the latter more rare), 
id. Phr.: of one s. simplex (v. SINGLE) : 
of hybrid s., bigener: of many s.s, mul- 
tigenus, Lucr.: miultigeneris, Plaut. : 
multiplex, varius (V.VARIOUS, MANIFOLD): 
of all s.s, omnigenus, Virg.: Lucr.: they 
made of this kind of root a s. of bread, 
id (genus radicis) ad similitudinem panis 
efficiebant, Caes. B. ©. 3,48. 2, spéc- 
ies (a peculiar s.), forma, pars: v. 
SPECIES. 8, expr. by talis, qualis, 
qualiscunque, etc. (v. L. G. § 83): no 
one attempts anything of the s. without 
associates, sine sociis nemo quidquam 
tale conatur, Cic.: since he was the s. of 
man I see you are, quum talis esset qua- 
lem te esse video, id.: you do not quite 
know yet what s. of person I am, non 
Satis me pernosti etiam qualis sim, Ter. 
Andr. 3, 2, 23. Also, qui is sometimes 
used for qualis: what s. of a man and 
how great! qui vir et quanius, Cic. Div. 
I, 25, 52: cf. Virg. G. 1, 3, quae cura 
boum, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, hinc 
canere incipiam. Also quid (newt. absol.) 
for qualis: what s.of a woman you have 


jor a wife, quid mulieris uxorem habes, 


Ter. Hee. 4, 4, 21: J will explain to you 
briefly what s.of a fellow he is, exponama 
vobis breviter quid hominis sit, Cic. Verr. 
2, 54, 134: cf. id. Rosc. Am. 46. 4, 
expr. by quidam, quasi: for insult has 
a s.of sting which gentlemen can with 
the greatest difficulty brook, habet enim 
quendam avaieum contumelia quem pati 
viri boni difficillime possunt, Cic. Verr. 
3. 41, 95: for there was in Crassus a 
strange s.of bashfulness, fuit enim miri- 
ficus quidam in Crasso pudor, id. de Or. 
I, 26, 122: philosophy a s. of mother of 
all approved arts, (philosophia) laudat- 








SORT 





arum omninm artium quasi parens, ib. 
5033.9 5, expr. by omnis: to seeye by 
all s.s of entreaties, omnibus precibus 
petere, Caes. B, G. 5, 6, med.: all s.s 
(= anys.) of vegetables, olus omne, Hor. 
Ep. I, 5, 2. 6, expr. by nescio quid 
(with gen. of subs.) : I have a s. of pre- 
sentiment of evil, nescio quid mihi ani- 
mus praesagit mali, Ter, Heaut. 2, 2, 7. 
7. expr. by is.. qui (foll. by subj.) 
you are not the s. of man to be ignorant 
of what you are, ron tu is es qui quid 
sis nescias, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6. Il. 
Rank (of persons): q. v.: in such phrr, 
as, the common s. of people, plebs, plébe- 
ciila, vulgus (v. COMMONALTY, COMMONS); 
also expr. by qui tenuioris ordinis sunt, 
Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30: the better s., optim- 
ates, nobiles, etc. (v. NOBILITY, BIRTH, 
Il.). Phr.: though a little before you 
were of our s. (or kidney, colloq.), quum 
fueris nostrae paulo ante farinae, Pers, 
5, 115: cf. Suet. Aug. 4, fin. Mis- 
cell.: as there are two species of kings 
(queen-bees), so there are s.s among their 
subjects, ut binae regum facies, ita cor- 
pora plebis; Virg. G. 4, 95: men of the 
lowest s., ultimae sortis homines, Suet. 
Aug. 19: men of all s,s, omnium ordine 
um homines, Cic.: he was an orator of 
no ordinary s., non fuit orator unus e 
multis (els €v moAAots), id. Brut. 79, 
274. Il]. Quality (of things): q. v.: 
nota, f. (lit. mark on a wine-cask, e.g. 
n. Falerni, Hor.): honey of inferior s., 
secundae n. mel, Col.g, 15, extr.: of this 
s. of bodies is air, ex hac n. corporum 
est aer, Sen. Q. N. 2,2, extr.: certain kind- 
nesses are nol of this ordinary s., but su- 
perior, quaedam beneficia non sunt ex 
hac vulgari n., sed majora, Sen. Ben. 3, 
g, init. : cf. quisquis de meliore n., Cat. 66 
(68), 28. Also expr. by primarius, se- 
cundarius, Cic. [N.B.—Best s., expr. by 
flos with gen. : v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.] 
IV, Manner, way, style: q. v. 
Phr.: in like s., simili ratione, similiter 
(Vv. SIMILARLY): tn different s., alia ra- 
tione, aliter (v. OTHERWISE) : after a s., 
quodammodo, Cic.. after the same s., 
itidem, Cic.: Plaut.: after what s.? 
quomodo (v. HOW): im such s., sic, ita, 
etc. (V. SO, THUS). V. Degree, extent: 
q.v. Phr.: in such s.(=to such an 
extent), adeo, usque adeo, Cic.: in such 
s. that, adeo ut, ita ut: v. so (VI). 
Vi. Miscell. Phr.: that’s your 
s. (colloq.), eu, euge, etc. (Vv. BRAVO): to 
put out of s.s, turbo, perturbo, etc.: e.g. 
animum t., alvum t., Plin. (v. TO DE- 
RANGE, DISTURB, DISCONCERT, UPSET): to 
feel out of s.s, offensae (indisposition) 
quid sentire, Cels. 1, 6, med. (v. also IN- 
DISPOSED, ILL, UNWELL: and for mental 
sign., V. SAD, SORROWFUL). 
sort (v.): A. Drans:< 1, di- 
géro, gessi, gestum, 3: Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49: 
or, more fully, d. in genera, id. de Or. 1, 
42, 190: V. TO ARRANGE, 2, diribeo, 
no perf., itum, 2 (prop. to separate or s. 
the tablets when taken out of the ballot- 
boxes): till 75 tablets shall be s.d on 
your behalf, dum de te quinque et sep- 
tuaginta tabellae diribeantur (al. diri- 
mantur), Cic. Pis. 40, 96. To s. letters 
(at the post-office), perh. best expr. by 
*diribere epistolas, literas. 3. de- 
seribo, scripsi, scriptum, 3: V. TO CLASS. 
4. compodno, posni, positum, 3: fo 
Ss. and as it were connect your expres- 
sions, c. et quasi coagmentare verba, 
Cic. Brut. 17, 68. 5, ordino, 1: 0. 
bibliothecam, Suet.: ef. res in ordinem 
redigere, adducere, Cic.: v. also TO AR- 
RANGE, SEPARATE, DISCERN, DISTINGUISH. 
Phr.: the worthless cows must be s.’d, 
rejiculae (vaccae) rejiciendae, Varr. 
R. R. 2, 5, 19: cf. oves minus idoneas 
removere, id.: to s. pleasure with the 
class of goods, voluptatem numerare in 
bonis, Cic. (v. TO NUMBER, RECKON), 
B. Intrans.: |, Toagree with: 
consentio, consto, convénio (to be eon- 
sistent with, q. v.: v. also TO AGREE, 
IV.): concordo, congruo, convénio (to 
be in harmony with ; v. TO AGREE, VL.). 
Il. To associate, q. v.: Utor, con- 
versor, congrégo. See also [LL-MATCHED. 








SORTABLE 








sortable: qui, (quae, quod), digeri 
etc. (v. TO sont, A.), potest. Esp. in 
phr. s. commodities, * merces quae com- 
mode digeri possunt (Ainsw.). 

sorter: perh. diribitor (@ s. of the 
tablets when taken out of the ballot- 
bores), Cic. Pis. 15, fin., may serve gen. : 
or expr. by qui, (quae, quod), with verb 
(v. To sort, A.), 

sortie: 1. éruptio, onis, 7: to 
make a s. from the town, ex oppido e. 
facere, Caes. B. (3. 2, 33. 2. excursio, 
Onis, f.: to make frequent s.s from the 
town, crebras ex oppido e. tacere, id. 
B.G. 2, 30: Cic.: Liv. Phr.: to make 
@ s. (or sally), erumpere, Caes. pass. : 
Liv. : v. SALLY : impetum facere ex arce, 
Liv. (Georg.) : signa extra vallum efferre, 
id. (( cag ‘ f 

sorting (subs.): diribitio, dnis, /. 
as. of the bles used in voting): Cic. 

lane. 6, 1 

sory (sulphate of iron): sory, os, n. 
(= ge@pv): Plin. 34, 12, 30, § 120. 

sot: |. An habitual drunkard: 
potator, Oris, m.: Pl. Men. 2, 1, 34: also 
expr. by adjj., ébridsus, témiilentus (v. 
DRUNK). —{J, A fool, dolt, blockhead, 
q. v.: fatuus, caudex, etc. Phr.: you 
i ave a very wise person, but he is 
a mere §., tu, quantus quantus, nihil 
nisi sapientia es, ille somnium, ‘ler. Ad. 
3, 3,41: to be nicknamed a s., * ebrietatis 
infamiam subire (Georg.). 

sottish: |. Drunken: ébridsus, 
temulentus (v. DRUNK). Il. Stupid: 
stolidus, etc. (v. sruUPID). 
sottishly: expr. by adj. (v. sor- 


TISH). 

sottishness : |, Addiction to 
drink : 1, ébridsitas, atis, f.: Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 12, 27. 2, vindlentia: Cic. 


Il. Stupidity: q. v. 
_ Sough (subs. and verb: of the sigh- 
ing of the wind): perh. sisurrus, mur- 
mur: susurro, 1, may serve: cf. aura 
susurrantis venti, Virg. Cul. 155: ¥, also 
SIGH (subs. and verb). 

soul: |, In the lowest sense, the 
vital principle : anima (Wuy7 : V. LIFE): 
to breathe out one’s s. (i.e. to expire), a. 
edere, agere, efflare, etc. (v. TO EXPIRE) : 
v. also SPIRIT. Il. The spiritual 
principle of life, the immortal part in 
man (Yuxn): animus (opp. corpus) : 
they whose 8.8, scorning their bodies, 
escape by flying out, ii quorum animi 
spretis corporibus evolant, Cic. Div. 1, 
50, 114: the law shows that the s.s of all 
men, tt ts true, are immortal, but that 
those of the brave and the good partake 
of deity, (lex) indicat omnium quidem 
a. immortales esse, sed fortium bonor- 
umque divinos, id. Leg. 2, 11, 27: to be- 
Reve wn the immortality of the s., *cen- 
sere animum semper permanere, censere 
a. immortalem esse (Georg.). —[|J,_ The 
s. as the rational faculty: 1, ani- 
Mus (vous: opp. anima the principle o 
animal life): certain living Tee 
s., certain vital breath merely, quaedam 
(animantia) a. habent, quaedam tantum 
animam, Sen. Ep. 58: v. also min (I., 1). 
2, anima (sometimes for preced.): 

the s., partaker in reason and counsel, 
a. rationis consiliique particeps, Cic. 
N. D. 1, 31, 87: we give up to a master 
bodies and s.s, domino corpora animas- 
que addicimus, Petr. 117, med.: the 
Druids want to inculcate the belief that 
5.8 do not perish, but migrate after death 
from one body to another, hoc (Druides) 
Volunt persuadere, non interire animas, 
sed ab aliis post mortem transire ad 
alios, Caes. B. G. 6, 14. 3. spiritus, 
us, m.: a holy s. resides within us, of 
our ills and blessings an observer and 
guardian, sacer intra nos s. sedet, mai- 
orum bonorumque nostrorum observator 
et custos, Sen. Ep. 41, init. (v. also CON- 
SCIENCE): Phoebus hath given me s., 
the art of song, spiritum P. 

mihi, P. artem carminis dedit, Hor. Od. 
4, 6, 29. 4. mens, ingénium, ete.: v. 
MIND, INTELLECT. Phr.: (men have said) 
that bees have a portion of the divine 
mind and a s., esse apibus partem di- 
Vinae mentis et haustus aetherios, Virg. 








SOUL 
G. 4,220. |V. Thes. as the seat of the 
will or passions, the emotional faculty 


(70 éribuyntixov, B0mos): 1, ani- 
mus: different s.s have a greater in- 
clination for different vices, a. alius ad 
alia vitia propensior, Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81: 
he was the first to paint the s. and 
delineate the feelings of men, primus a. 
pinxit et sensus hominum expressit, 
Plin. 35, 10, 36, 19, $98: from the s. 
(= heartily), ex animo, Cic. pass.: 

ickened energy of s., vivida vis animi, 

cr. 1, 73: the qualities of the s., bona 
animi, Cic. .: the faculties (or ener- 
gies) of the s., animi partes, id. pass.: 
a@ soaring or noble s., a. magnus s. altus, 
id. pass. Join: a. magnus elatusque 
humanasque res despiciens, id.: a, mag- 
nus erectusque, id.: a. Magnus et ex- 
celsus, id.: a. magnus et fortis, id. (also 
expr. by swbss.: animi altitudo s, mag- 
nitudo, id.: gravitas et altitudo animi, 
id.): @ mean or grovelling s., a. parvus, 
id.: a pusillus, id.: a. jejunus vel an- 
gustus, id.: a@ brave s., a. fortis s. ro- 
bustus, id. (also expr. by subs.: animi 
fortitudo, id.) : a disheartened s., a. de- 
missus, id. Join: a. demissus et op- 
pressus, id.: a. fractus et demissus, id. : 
a. demissus atque humilis, id.: a candid 
s., Join: a. apertus et simplex, id.: a 
calm s., a tranquillus s. aequus, Ov.: a 
troubled s., a. perturbatus s. sollicitus s. 
anxius, Cic. For full of s., v. INSPIRED, 
SPIRITED. [N.B—When mens and ani- 
mus occur together, animus expresses 
the impetuosity and impulse, mens more 
of the habit and character of a man: 
e.g. he applies his whole self to war, 
heart and s., totus et mente et animo 
bellum iusistit, Caes. B. G. 6, 5, init.] 
See also WILL. 2. pectus, Oris, 7.: 
to love a friend with the whole s., ami- 
cum toto p. amare, Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 49: 
a candid s., apertum p., id. Am. 26, 97: 
narrowness of s., angustiae pectoris, id. 
Pis. 11, 24: V. HEART dIr, 1). Some- 
times also in poet., cor, praecordia, may 
serve: v. HEART, (IIL, 3., 4). 3. spi- 
ritus, tis, m.: inspired with divine s., s. 
divino tactus, Liv. 5,22, med.: a general 
of noble s., imperator generosi s., Plin. 
8, 40, 61, § 149. Also in plur.: 
Coriolanus bringing with him even 
then an angry s., (Coriolanus) hostiles 
jam tum s. gerens, Liv. 2, 35, post 
med. Phr.: these (favours) will ever 
be rooted in my inmost s., haec mihi 
semper erunt imis infixa medullis, 
Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 9: thou who art at the 
bottom of my s., qui mihi haeres in me- 
dullis, Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 2. [Note.——Soul 
need not sometimes be expressed in 
Latin: e.g. it pains my s., valde doleo 
aliquid, gravissime fero aliquid (Georg. ): 
the image of my dear father came before 
my s., Subiit cari genitoris imago, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 560.] , A disembodied 
spirit, the s. after death: 1, anima: 
thou reservest pious s.s in joyful abodes, 
tu pias laetis a. reponis.sedibus, Hor. 
Od. 1, 10, 17: ef. Virg. Aen. 3, 67: the 
s. which is wont to wander when it has 
quitted the body, a. quae relicto corpore 
errare solet (based on Plin. 4, 52, 53, 
§ 174): ef. revocator animarum, Ps. 
Quint. Decl. 10, 19. 2. manes, ium, 
m. plur.: Virg.: Vv. also GHOST. | ¥ 
pii (absol. : seats of the blessed): piorum 
sedes, Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 32: cf. arva 
piorum, Ov. M. 11, 62. Vi. The 


fundamental principle (of things) or 


leading actor (of persons) : 1, funda- 
mentum : duti/ulness is the s. (or funda- 
mental principle) of all virtues, pietas f. 
est omnium virtutum, Cic. Plane, 12, 
29: cf. f. justitiae est fides, id. Off. 1, 7, 
23: 2. vis (v. Force, L, 1.): all the 
s. of friendship, omuis v. amicitiae, id. 
Am. 4,15: that divine s. and energy of 
the orator, v. illa divina virtusque ora- 
toris, id. de Or. 2, 27, 120. 3. méd- 
ulla (lit. marrow: very rare): the s. (or 
marrow) of persuasion, suadae m., Cic. 
Br. 15, 59. 4, auctor (of persons): 
Cic. pass. Join: he was the s. of the 
enterprise, dux, a. actor rerum geren- 
darum fuit (based on Cic. Sest. 28, 61) 


SOUND 


Also caput, princeps, v. LEADER, HEAD 
(ViL.).  Phr.: Hampsicora being the 
8. of that offair, maxime eam rem moli- 
ente Hampsicora, Liv. 23, 32. VIL 
A human being, person: 1. cdput 
itis, n.: of the citizens there were num- 
bered 143,704 8.8, censa sunt civium 
capita centum quadraginta tria millia 
septingenta quatuor, Liv. 35, 9, init. : 
v. also PERSON (L., 2). 2, Anima (in 
pl.): noble s.8., egregiae a., Virg. Aen. 
II, 24: Hor. S. 1, 5, 41: ‘l'ac. H. 4, 32. 
3, némo (not a s.): because for the 
seven months not a s. has set foot 

in this house, qnia septem menses sunt 
quum in hasce aedes pedem nemo intro 
tetulit, Pl. Most. 2,2, 39. Nota singles., 
nemo omnium, Cic.: on. omnium mor- 
talium, id.: n. quisquam, Ter.: n. unus, 
Cic. Phr.: not a s. survived, haud 
ullum superfuit animal (Georg.). YI. 
As a term of endearment: my s., my 
heart : 1, animus: salve, anime 
mi, Pl. Cure. 1, 2, 3. 2, animilus 
(like preced.): mi animule, id. Cas. 1, 
46. Cf. meum cor, id. Poen. 1, 2, 154: 
corculum, id. Cas. 4, 4, 15. 
As a term of praise or pity (colloq.) 
expr. by homo with adj.: a worthy s. 
doubtless, probum scilicet hominem (ace. 
of exclamation), Ter.: good, honest s.s, 
judging others from their own nature, 
homines antiqui qui ceteros ex sua na- 
tura fingerent, Cic. R. Am. 9, 26. Or 
may be expr. by adj. simply. See also 
supr. (V1I., 2), Poor (1V.). 

Soul’s Day, All: *animarum om- 
nium dies festus. 

soulless: Vv. FAINTHEARTED, COW- 
ARDLY, SPIRITLESS. 

sound (@ narrow or shallow sea): 
frétum, angustiae (v.STRAIT): but perh. 
most precisely expr. by *ex patenti 
utringue coactum in angustias mare 
(Georg.). 

sound (a kind of cuttle-fish): lolige, 
s€pia (V. CUTTLE-FISH). 

sound (the air-bladder of a fish)s 
*vésica natatoria (that serves to sum 
with), Georg.: or perh. vésica, simply, 
may serve. 

sound (a kind of probe, in surgery): 
spécillum: Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 57: Cels. 7, 
8: v. also PROBE, CATHETER. 

sound (subs.): 1, sinus (gen. term): 
the timbrels clamoured with hoarse s.s, 
tympana raucis obstrepuere s., Ov. M, 
4, 391: cf. s. tubae, Caes. B. G. 4, 472 
the s. of oars, remorum s., Lucan 3, 541: 
the s. of blows, verberum s., Sen. in 
Herc. Oet. 1002: diversity of s.s, varietas 
sonorum, Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146: also, 
varii soni, id. Leg. 2, 15, 38: from the 
sharpest (or highest treble) s. to the 
deepest (or lowest bass) s., ab acutissimo 
s. ad gravissimum s., id. de Or. 1, 59, 
251: an harmonious s., concors s., Ov, 
M. 5, 664: harshness of s., asperitas soni, 
Tac. G. 3: a soft s., lenis s., Plin. 16, 35, 
63, § 155: cf. miti lenia verba sono, 
Tibull. 1, 8, 2: a soft (or sweet) s., dulcia 
s., Cic.: Hor. Join: clear s.s,s, dis- 
tincti et pressi, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149. 
For s.s in music, v. NOTE (subs., V.), 
MEASURE (subs., V.) To give forth s., 8, 
dare, Virg. G. 3, 83: s. reddere, Hor, 
A. P. 348: s. edere, Ov. F. 1, 434: 8, 
efficere, fundere, Cic.: to draw forth s.s, 
s. elicere, id. N. D. 2, 60, 150 (v. also TO 
soUND, A.). Fig.: to utler empty s.s, 
inanes s. fundere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 26, 73. 
[Also used of style, in Cie. Brut. 26, 100, 
unus s. est totius orationis.} 2. sdn- 
itus, tis, m. (gen. term): the s. of arms, 
Ss. armorum, Lucr. 2, 48: the s. of oars, 
s. remorum, Caes. B. G. 7, 60: the s. of 
Feet, s. pedum, Ov. M. 5, 616: the s. of 
snorers, 8. stertentium, Plin. 9, 10, 12, 
§ 36: to give forth a s., s. reddere, Cic, 
Tusc. 1, 40, 96. Fig.: the empty s. of 
words, verborum s, inanis, id. de Or. x, 
12, 51: cf. verborum inanium crepitus, 
Sen. Ep. 123, med. 8. sOnor, Gris, m. 
(for sonitus and sonus): Luer. 1, 645 
(638): Virg. Aen. 7, 462: Tac. A. 1, 65: 
musical s.s, melici sonores, Lucr. §, 334 
(but in Cic., melici = lyrical), 4. 
cautus, is, m.: the s. of trumpets, 

777 








SOUND 


ec. buccinarvm, Cic. Mur. 9, 22: cf. c. 
tubaruw, Liv. 25, 24, post init.: the s. 
of the lute, c. citharae, Hor. Od. 3, 1, 20: 
y. also sone (1., 1), music (II.), STRAIN. 
5, vox, vocis, f. (gen., but not al- 
ways, of the human voice): harmony of 
$.s, concordia vocum, Col. 12, 2, med. : 
s.ts nothing else but disturbed air, vox 
nihil aliud est quam ictus aer, Sen. Q. N. 
2, 29: the s.of cymbals is heard, cym- 
balum (gen. plur.) sonat v., Cat. 61 (63), 
21: the seven distinctions of s.s, septem 
discrimina vocum, Virg. Aen. 6, 646: 
v. also TONE, TUNE. Fig.: to pour forth 
empty s.s, voces inanes fundere, Cic. 
Tusc. 3, 18, 42: v. also VOICE. 6. 
ténus (= 7ovos, the s. or tone of an 
instrument: v. TONE, TUNE): Vitr. 5, 
4, ad med.: Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 1, 
post med. [For strépitus (a confused 
din), stridor (a harsh grating), crépitus 
(a crackling or rattling), trémitus (a 
deep roaring noise), clamor, convicium 
(shouting), vV. NOISE: for fragor (a harsh 
noise), V. CRASH: V. alsO CLANG, CLANK, 
JINGLE, DIN, MURMUR, HUM, ROAR.] 
Miscell.: a melodious s., canor (vy. 
s0NG, I., 7): also of the martial s. of the 
trumpet (Martius aeris rauci canor), 
Virg. G. 4, 71: cf. aes canorum, id. Aen. 
9, 501 (503): full of s., rich in s., can- 
orus, etc. (v. sonoROUS) : to dance to the 
8.s of the flute, (lit. of the flute-player), 
ad tibicinis modos saltare, Liv. 7, 2, post 
tnit. (v. STRAIN): or, ad tibicinem, sim- 
ply, Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 62: id. Agr. 2, 34, 
93: to sing to the s. of the lyre, movere 
ora vocalia ad citharam, Ov. M. 5, 332: 
ef. ad buccinam, Varr. R. R. 3, 13, init. : 
ad classicum, Suet. Vit. 11, init.: at the 
s. of the trumpet, tuba praecinente, Flor. 
2, 16, med.: flutes giving forth melod- 
ious s.s, modulate canentes tibiae, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 8, 22. [N.B.—Strepitus even 
is used of a measured, regular s.: e.g. 
s. citharae, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 31: s. testu- 
dinis, id. Od. 4, 3, 18.) Inarticulute s. 
of the voice, inexplanata lingua, Plin. 11, 
37, 65, § 174: vowels which form one s., 
(i. e. diphthongs), vocales quae in unum 
sonum coalescunt, Quint. 1, 7, post med. : 
an audible s.,sonus qui potest percipi 
auribus (based on Cic. Or. 2, 8, quod ne- 
que oculis, neque auribus, neque ullo 
sensu percipi potest): cf. vox sensibilis 
auditui, Vitr. 5, 3, post med. 
sound (v.): A, Trans.: s 
To cause to make a noise : 1, inflo, 1 
(to blow into): to s. the trwmpet, i. buc- 
cinam (based on Ov. M. 1, 349, buccina 
inflata). cf. i. classica, Virg. G. 2, 539: 
i, calamos leves, Virg. (v. To BLOW, B., 
II.). 2, cano, cécini, cantum, 3: c. 
fidibus, tibiis (v. ro PLay, IV.). Esp. 
as a military term: (i.) to s. the signul 
for battle, bellicum c., Cic. Mur. 14, 30: 
signa c., Sall. J. gg: also canere, absol. : 
e. g., tubicen c. coepit, Hirt. B. Afr. 82. 
Simly. dare signum is used: dat signum 
specula Misenus ab alta aere cavo, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 239: esp. signo dato, Caes. : Cic. : 
Sall. (ii.) to s. a retreat, receptui c., 
Liv. 27, 47. Fig.: revocante et re- 
ceptui canente senatu, Cic. Phil. 12, 3, 
8: cf. id. Tusc. 3, 15, 33. Also, receptus 
c.: (buccina) cecinit jussos inflata re- 
ceptus, Ov. M. 1, 340. Simly. dare sig- 
num receptui, Liv. 2, 62, is used. 3. 
occano, ui, 3 (rare: to blow, s. a wind- 
unstrument): then Sentius gave the 
order to s. the trumpets, tum Sentius oc- 
canere cornua jussit, Tac. A. 2, 81. 
4, conclamo, 1: to s. to arms, c. ad 
arma, Liv. 3, 50, post med.: to s. a 
march, vasa c. (ellipt. for c., ut vasa col- 
ligantur), Caes. B. C. 1, 66. 5, crépo, 
ui, itum, 1: thrice s.’d the Muses favour- 
ing noises with their hands, (Camenae) 
manibus faustos ter crepuere sonos, 
Prop. 4,9 (3, 10), 4: to s. (or make to 
chink) small gold coins, c. aureolos, Mart. 
5, 19, 14: cf. c. procul auxiliantia aera, 
Stat. Th. 6,680. Miscell.: to s. the 
lute, cithara personare, Virg. Aen. 1, 
741: to s. the various notes with the 
fingers and an ivory quill, discrimina 
vocum digitis et pectine eburno pulsare, 








SOUND 


\ 


SOUND 





Ov. Am. 3, 12, 40: cymbala quatere, 
Virg. G. 4, 64 (Vv. TO STRIKE): to s. 
chords and jlutes, nervorum elicere 
sonos ac tibiarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150: 
to s. a bell, *tintinnabulum pulsare 
(Ainsw.): to s. a syllable sharply, sylla- 
bam acutam excitare, Quint. 12, 10, 33 
(vy. also TO PRONOUNCE). |. To Ss. or 
celebrate one’s praises: cano, canto, 
célébro, concélébro, séno (v. TO CELE- 
BRATE, I.). Phr.: you promise that 
you will s. (the praises of) my good 
name, polliceris te buccinatorem fore 
existimationis meae, Cic. Fam. 16, 21,2: 
Vv. TO TRUMPET, BOAST. 

Ill. Zo test the depth (e. g., of water): 
perh. *perpendiculo mare imum s. va- 
dum tentare: *perpendiculo uti: or 
*catapirate (so Forcell,: but v. 1. cata- 
prorate) uti, cf. Isid. Or. 19, 4: *ad per- 
pendiculum exigere (based on Cic. Verr. 
I, 51, 133, ad perp. columnas exigere) : 
to s. a river, vadum fluminis tentare, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 83: cf. vadum fluminis ex- 
periri, Plin, 8, 5,5, $12. Fig.: tentare 
vadum (to make a /first attempt), Ov. 
A. A. I, 437: also, to s. (=to tamper 
with), tentare: e. g., animos servorum 
spe et metu t., Cic. Clu. 63, 176 (v. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. tento, II., 2): 
v.also TO TEMPT, TAMPER WITH. Phr.: 
do you not know that I have s.’d him in 
everything (lit. fished everything out 
of him)? nescis me ab illo omnia ex- 
piscatum? Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 1: J pre- 
tended this that I might s. your inclina- 
tions, ea gratia simulavi vos ut pertent- 
arem, Ter. Andr. 3, 4,9: I should like 
you to s. that guest of yours, velim odo- 
rere istum convivam tuum degustes, 
Cic. Att. 4, 8 (b), 4: v.also TO EXAMINE, 
SEARCH, PROBE. B. Intrans.: To 
emit @ S.: 1. séno, ui, itum, 1: s. 
fides, aera, plectra, Prop. 5 (4), 7, 62: 
tympana sonuerunt, Caes. B. C. 3, 105, 
jin. : to s. bass, treble, graviter, acute s., 
Cic. Rep. 6, 18 (5), 18. Rarely with a 
pers. acc.: nor does his voice s. like that 
of @ man, nec vox hominem s., Virg. 
Aen. I, 328. Comps.: persono, résdno, 
consono, circumséno (v. TO RESOUND). 

2. cano, cécini, cantum, 3: sud- 
denly the (trumpet-) signals s.’d in the 
rear, repente a tergo signa canere, Sall. 
J. 94, ad fin.: cf. classicum c., Liv. 28, 
27, jin. Also impers.: uf a retreat had 
not been s.’d, nisi receptui cecinisset, id. 
26, 44, ad med.: cf. id. 3, 22, post med. 

3. concino, cinui, 3 (to s. together) : 
the horns and trumpets s.d_ together, 
cornua ac tubae coucinuere, Tac. A. 1, 
68: cf. Liv. 30, 5, post init., ubi signa 
concinuissent. 4. strépo, ui, 3 (usu. 
of a@ hoarse s.): rauco strepuerunt cor- 


nua cantu, Virg. Aen. 8,2: lituis., Hor. | 


Od. 2, I, 18: s. omnis murmure campus, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 709. Very rarely of musi- 
cal s.s: e.g. mons tibiarum cantu tym- 
panorumque sonitu s., Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 7. 

5, expr. by sonum s. sonitum effic- 
ere, reddere, edere (v. SOUND, subs., 1, 2). 
Phr.: this s.s well, but, etc., honesta 
oratio, sed, etc., Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 13 : ef. Ter. 
Andr. I, 1, 114: that which s.s il, quod 
aures respuunt, Cic. Part. Or. 5, 15: 
Quint. 11, I, 61 (p. 276, Bipont. Ed.): 
it s/d too grand to be true, plus in ora- 
tione tali dignitatis quam fidei erat, 
Tac. A. 1, 11, med.: a thing which s.s 
strange, mirabile dictu, Virg. G. 2, 30: 
it s.s oddly, absonum est (Ainsw.): 
the pot s.s ill, maligne respondet fide- 
lia, Pers. 3, 21: 7% s.s like a lie, fidei 
absonum est, based on Liv. 1, 15, ad 


Jin. 
sound (adj.): |. In good condi- 
ton: J, sanus: as. part of the body, 
8. pars corporis, Cic. Sest. 65, 135: Hor. 
Join: s. recteque valens, Hor. Ep. 1, 
16, 21: s. ac robustus, Quint. 2, 10, 6. 
Fig.: s. (opp. insanus), Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 
IL: aman of not very s. mind, male s., 
id. Att. 9, 15,5: as. mind inas. body, 
mens 8. in corpore s., Juv. 10, 356: to be 
of scarcely s. mind, vix sanae mentis 
esse, Liv. 32, 21,eztr. Phr.: of s. mind, 
compos mentis, Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 97: cf. 


Virg. Aen. 6, 647: cf. lyram percutere, | compos animi, Ter. Ad. 3, 2,12, Join: 


778 








sanus mentisque potens, Ov. Tr. 2, 139: 
v. alSO SANE. 2, sialtibris, e (for the 
forms saluber and salubris, v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v.: sound, healthy): a race. 
of men of s. body, genus hominum s. 
corpore, Sall. J. 17, med.: s. corpora, 
Liv. 1, 31, med.: Tac. H. 5,6: Mart. 10, 
47,6. 3, robustus: v. srrone. Join: 
s. eloquence, solida atque r. eloquentia, 
Quint. 19, 1, 2: Ss. courage, r. et stabilis 
fortitudo, Cic. Tusc. 4, 23,51. 4, val- 
idus: but not yet s. enough after dis- 
ease, necdum ex morbo satis v., Liv. 3, 
13, post init.: cf. si ut spero te v. videro, 
Cic. Fam. 16, 4, 3: cf. v. male filius, 
Hor. S. 2, 5, 45: v. also HEALTHY, WELL 
(adj.). 5, valens (like validus): the 
doctor distinctly affirms that you will 
shortly be s. (or in s. health), medicus 
plane confirmat propediem te v. fore, 
Cic. Fam. 16,9, 2. Join: firmus ac v., 
ib. 16, 8, 2: robustus et v., id. Agr. 2, 
31, 84. 6, sincérus (uninjured): s. 
body, s. corpus, Ov. M. 12, 100: s. limbs, 
s.membra, Lucr. 3,17: s. pigs, s. porci, 
Pl. Men. 2, 2, 16: a s. vessel, 5. vas, 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 56: v. also GENUINE. ye 
incorruptus (undecayed): s. wood, i. lig- 
num, Plin. 16, 5, 8, § 22: s. timber, i. 
materia, id. 13,16, 30,101. 8, salvus 
(safe and s., uninjured): I have so be- 
haved, Quirites, that ye were all pre 
served safe and s., ita me gessi, Quirites, 
ut omnes s. conservaremini, Cic. Cat. 3, 
Io, 25: ws the seal safe and s. (i. e. 
unbroken)? s, signum est? Pl. Am. 2, 2, 
143: cf. s, epistola (opp. conscissa), Cic. 
Fam. 7, 25,1. Join: to lead an army 
across safe and s., s. atque incolumen 
exercitum transducere, Caes. B.C. 2, 32 
ad fin.: cf, s. et incolumes, Cic. Inv. 2 
56, 169: s. et sospes, Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 93 

9, intéger (unimpaired) : s. health, 
i. valetudo, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64. Join: 
to want to be s., i. se salvumque velle, 
ib. 2, 11, 33: to be s. im all respects, 
omnibus rebus i. incolumemque esse, id. 
Fam. 13, 4, 3: V. UNIMPAIRED. 10, 
incdlimis, e (like preced.): v. supy. (8): 
v. also SAFE, 11. sospes, itis (like 
preced.): they restored them safe and s. 
to their fatherland, s. in patriam re- 
stituere, Liv. 2, 49, med. Join: s. in- 
columisque (Caesar), Plin. Pan. 67, med. 
Phr.: @ s. constitution, firma corporis 
constitutio, Metrodorus in Cic. Off. 3, 33, 
117: cf. corpus bene constitutum et ex- 
ploratum (a paraphrase of the preceding 
passage), id. usc. 2, 6,17: in s. health, 
optimo habitu, Cic. Coel. 24, 5g: to enjoy 
s.er health, tidelius constantiusque valere, 
Gell. 17, 12, med.: he enjoyed such s. 
health, tanta prosperitate usus est vale- 
tudinis, Nep. Att. 21, init. (v. also CoN- 
STITUTION, HEALTH): ws. (or trustworthy) 
ship, probum navigium, Cic. Acad. 2, 31, 
100 (v. also COMPACT, adj.): cf. idonea 
navis, Ulp. Dig. 19, 2, 13: simly., a s. 
wall, idoneus paries, Paul. Dig. 39, 2, 36: 
to send one away safe and s., intactum 
aliquem inviolatumque dimittere, Liv. 
2, 12, ad fin. (V. UNINJURED, UNHUBT): 
to preserve safe and s., sospitare pro- 
geniem, Liv. 1, 16, med.: supposing the 
walls or roof are quite s., si nihil est in 
parietibus aut in tecto vitii, Cic. Fam. 9, 
15, 5: as. state of affairs, bonae res, Cic. : 
Plaut. (v. GOOD, adj.: PROSPEROUS) : to 
consider s., probare, Cic.: Caes. [For 
not s., V¥. UNSOUND: and for to make s., 
become s., V. SOUND, TO MAKE: SOUND, TO 
BECOME. ] S. health, sanitas (v. HEALTH, 
L.). |. Severe, laid on with force (of 
a beating): Phr.: togive one as. beat- 
ing, male aliquem mulcare clavis ac 
fustibus, Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 94: cf. ver- 
beribus m., Tac. A. 1, 32 (v. also TO 
CUDGEL): cf. plagis irrigatus, Pl. Epid. 
I, 2, 18: to give a s. cudgelling, dolare 
fuste, Hor. S. 1, 5, 23: J fear that he 
will give me a s. flogging (lit., that he 
will make his elm-twigs stick to me like 
parasites), metuo ne ulmos parasitos 
faciat, Pl. Epid. 2, 3, 6: J shall get as. 
thrashing through it, istaec in me cude- 
tur faba, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, go: cf. vehe- 
menter vapulare, Pl. Curc. 4, 4, 12: to 
give one @ Ss. rating, graviter increpare 











SOUNDLY 





quempiam, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3: ef. gra- 
vibus probris increpare, Liv. 23, 45, med. 
[I]. Of sleep, deep, profound: 1, 
altus: s. sleep, a. somnus, Hor. 5. 2, 1, 8: 
a. sopor, Virg. Aen. 8, 27: Q. artus 
arctus): a@ s.er sleep, arctior somnus, 
ic. Rep. 6,10, 10. Phr.: overpowered 
by s. sleep, pressus gravitate soporis, 
Ov. M. 15, 21. IV. Of learning, deep, 
aig thorough: 1, altus: the s.est 
rning, altissima eruditio, Plin. Ep. 4, 
30, init.: cf. altiores artes, Quint. 8, 3, 
2: V. PROFOUND. Q, exquisitus: as. 
judgment of letters, e. judicium lite- 
rarum, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133: philosophers 
of the greatest talents and s. learning, 
summis ingeniis exquisitaque doctrina 
philosophi, id. Fin. 1, 1, 1: v. also 
STUDIED, REFINED. 3, acciratus: v. 
ELABORATE. Join: a s.r style of 
speaking, accuratius et exquisitius di- 
cendi genus, Cic. Brut. 82, 283. Phr.: 
have a s. knowledge of Latin, bene 
tine scire (based on Cic. Caecin. 19, 
55): cf. *in Latinis literis multum versa- 
tum esse (Georg.): a s. scholar, (homo) 
perfecte planeque eruditus, Cic. Brut. 81, 
282: cf. absolute doctus, Suet. Gr, 4: 
he was considered a s. scholar, excultus 
doctrina putabatur, Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 4: @ 
s. geometrician, in geometria perfectus, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20: as. lawyer, juris pe- 
ritus, id. pass.; cf. in jure paratissimus, 
id. Brut. 39, 145 (which Tac. A. 4, 58, 
expresses by, cui legum peritia). Vv. 
Of arguments, weighty, conclusive, q. Vv. : 
gravis: v. CONCLUSIVE. Phr.: s. argu- 
ments, argumenta firma ad probandum, 
id. 78, 272: s. opinions, sententiae quae 
stabilitatis aliquid habeant, id. Tusc. 5, 
30, 85: to have a s. plea, habere excusa- 
tionem legitimam, Cic. Phil. 5, 5, 14: 
ef. justa excusatio (Vv. EXCUSE, pubs 
if their complaints were s. (= we 
founded), si vera essent quae quere- 
rentur, Liv.: I do not see sufficiently 
s. reason for, etc., nihil satis firmi 
video quamobrem, etc., Ter. Heaut. 
2, 3, 96. VI. Valid, not defective: 
ratus : s. wills, r. (opp. rupta) testamenta, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 173: Vv. also VALID, IM- 
PARTIAL. VII. Founded in truth, 
orthodox: perh. vérus, certus. For s. 
doctrine, vy. ORTHODOX. Miscell.: s. 
facts, probae res (opp. leves sententiae), 
Cie. Or. 51, 170: a s. judgment (or deci- 
sion), judicium sincerum, ib. 8, 25 (v. 
SINCERE): but s. (= mature) judgment, 
judicium firmum, id.: v. MATURE (adj.), 
RIPE: S. sense, mens bona, Sen. Ep. to, 
post med. \\\|. Ofstyle, correct, q.v.: 
salibris: whatever is witty or s. in specch, 
quicquid est salsum aut s. in oratone, 
Cic. Or. 26, go. 
soundly: |. Accurately, thorough- 
ly, q. v.: diligenter, subtiliter. Phr.: 
to examine s., penitus perspicere, Cic. : 
to learn s., perdiscere, id.: to argue s., 
accurate et exquisite disputare, id. ||, 
Severely, q. v. Phr.: to beat s., male 
Planer) muleare clavis ac fustibus, 
ic. Verr. 4, 43, 94: to rale s., gra- 
viter increpare quempium (v. SOUND, 
adj., I1.). My} Deeply, profoundly (of 
sleep): arcte (arte): to sleep very s., 
arctius dormire, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14. 
Join: arcte et graviter dormire, id, 
Div. 1,28,59. Phr.: to sleep s., dormire 
altum, Juv. 1, 17: Iwas sleeping more 
s. than usual, me artior quam solebat 
somnus complexus est, Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 
Io. Other meanings may be expr. by 


adjj. (v. SOUND, adj.). 
soundness : |. Health of body : 


1, sanitas, atis, f.: while the cure 

ts coming to s., ad s. dum venit curatio, 
ir. J; 12: V. HEALTH. Q. in- 
tegritas, atis, f.: s. of body, i. corporis, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 40: ef. i. valetudinis, id. 
Tusc. 5, 34,99. 8, Sinc@ritas (rare in 
this sense) : s. corporis, Val. Max. 2, 6, 8, 
med. 4, silibritas, atis, f.: these re- 
medies cause s., haec remedia s. faciunt, 
Col. 6, 4, 2: s. of bodies, s. corporum, 
Maes A> 2/33. ||. Health of mind: 
sanitas, atis, f.: s. of mind, s. animi or 
sanitas absol., Cic. pass. Phr.: mentis 
ratio perfecta (opp. corporis integritas), 


SOUR 


SOURCE 





| id. Fin. 5, 14, 40: expr. also by adj. und 
subs. (v. SOUND, adj. 1.). |||, Of wood, 

JSirmness : 1, firmitas, atis, f.: s. of 
timber, f. materiae, Caes. Or expr. by 

adj.: e.g.,incorrupta materia (Vv. SOUND, 

adj., I., 7). 2. spissitas, atis, 7: s. of 

oalc, 8. querciis, Vitr. 2, 9. IV. Of 

arguments, weight, q. v.: gravitas, atis, 

JS : 8. of opinions, sententiarum g., Cic. : 
v. also CREDIBILITY. But best expr. by 

adj. (vy. SOUND, adj., V.), CREDIBLE, RE- 

LIABLE. VY. Of doctrine, orthodoxy, 

q. Vv. Vi. Of mental qualifications, 

profoundness, 4. V.: V. also Depts, 1V., 

Vil. Of style, cor- 

1, integritas, 


sounp (adj., 1V.). 
rectness, purity, q. V.: i 
atis, f. (rare): s. of the Latin language, 
i. Latini sermonis, Cic. Brut. 35, 132. 
9, sanitas, atis, f.: s. (opp. imbe- 


cillitas), Quint. 12, 10,15: s. of eloquence, 
8. eloquentiae, Tac. Or. 25, med. Join: 
s. et integritas (orationis), Cic. Brut. 82, 
284. 3, sermo purus: Auct. Her. 4, 
12, 17. VIII. In law, validity, q. v. 
Or expr. by adj.: v. souND (adj., V1.). 

sound, to be: (of health), valeo, ete. : 
V. HEALTH, 3 (i.). For other meanings, 
the verb sum and adj. will suffice (v. 
SOUND, adj.). 
, to become: (of health), valesco, 
convalesco (lit. and fig.), Cic.: v. TO RE- 
COVER (intrans.), TO HEAL. For other 
meanings, the verb jio and adj. will 
suffice (v. SOUND, adj.). 

—, to make: 1, 
make healthy): v. TO HEAL. 9, ré- 
ficio, 3: instauro, 1: Vv. TO REPAIR, RE- 
sTorr. Or expr. by reddere, facere, etc, 
with adj. (v. SoUND, adj.). 3. sdlido, 
1 (to make whole): to make fractured 
bones s., fracta ossa s., Plin. 28, 16, 65, 
§ 227. 

sounding (adj.): v. SoNOROUS. 

sounding (subs.): naval term: in 
pbr., to take s.s, expr. by verb (v. TO 
sounD, A., III.). 

sounding-lead ; citapirates, ae, m. : 
Isid. Or. 19, 4 (but v. J. cataprorates). 

soup: jis, juris, 7.: hot s., j. fervens, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2: s. warmed up again, 
j. hesternum, Ter, Eun. 5, 4, 17: v. also 
BROTH. 

soup-ladle: perh. trulla, ligiila (v. 
LADLE). 

sour (v.): |. Lit.: to make acid, 
acorem facere, Col. 3, 21, med.: may 
also be expr. by facere, efficere, with adj. 
(v. sour [adj.], I.): v. also TO CURDLE, 
TO TURN. Il. Fig.: to irritate, q. v.: 

1, acerbo, 1: to s. (or embitter) joys, 

a. gaudia, Stat. Th. 12, 75. 9. ex- 
Acerbo, 1: Vv. TO EMBITTER (2.). Phr.: 
a temper thoroughly s.’d, animus exul- 
ceratus, Cic. Deiot. 3, 8: Liv. 9, 14, ad 
med.: old age s.s me more and more, 
amariorem me senectus facit, Cic. Att. 
14, 21, 3. 

sour (adj.): |, Notsweet:  ], aci- 
dus: very s. vinegar, acidissimum acetum, 
Pl. Ps. 2, 4, 49: s. milk, a. lac, Plin. 28, 
9, 36, § 135: v. acrD (adj.). Of smell, 
s. breath, a. halitus, id. 30, 4, 9, § 27. 
Somewhat s., acidiilus, sitbacidus (vy. 
SOURISH). 2. acerbus (opp. suavis) : 
@ s. pear, a. pirum, Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 
Jjin.: Phaedr. 4, 3,4: very S., peracerbus: 
a grape very s. (or harsh) to the taste, 
uva peracerba gustatu, Cic. Sen. 15, 53. 
(N.B.—Acerbus is s. because unripe; 
acidus is s. though ripe.) $3, acer (opp. 
mollis: biting, sharp): very Ss. vinegar, 
acetum acerrimum, Cels. 4, 4, 3, med. : 
a s. stomach (i.e. full of sourness), a. 
stomachus, Hor. S. 2, 4, 59. Join: to 
miz s. victuals with sweet, dulcibus cibis 
acres acutosque miscere, Plin. Ep. 7, 3, 
extr.: very S., péracer: very 8. vinegar, 
peracre acetum, Pl. Bac. 3, 3, I. 5 
iciitus: v. swpr. (3): SHARP.  §, aus- 
térus: s. wine, a. vinum, Cels. 3, 24, ad 
jin. : V. HARSH (IL.), TART (adj.). 6. 
amarus (bitter: opp. dulcis): V. BITTER. 

7. tristis (rare in lit. sense): fruits 

of s. flavour, poma sapore t., Ov. Tr. 4, 
6712: 8, immitis, e (mot mellow); s. 
grape, i. uva, Hor. Od. 2, 5, lo: v. UN- 
RIPE. |], Crabbed, peevish,q.v.: 1, 
icerbus: for there may go forth s. (or 





sano, 1 (to 


crabbed) fellows from the school of Zeno, 
posse enim acerbos e Zenonis schula 
exire, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 77: to put on s. 
looks, vultus a. sumere, Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 17 
(v. also TO FROWN): cf. vultus severior 
et tristior, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289. 2 
amarus: v.ILL-TEMPERED. (For g.-lool- 
ing, torvus, tetricus will serve: vy, FOR- 
BIDDING, SCOWLING.) Phr.: he looks as 
8. as a crab, illi Caperat (is wrinkled) 
frons severitudine, P}. Kpid. 5, 1, 3: s. 
wine, vappa, Plin.: Hor.: wines likely 
to turn s., vina peccatura, Pall. 11, 14, 
ad med. Special Phr.: (i.) to bes., 
ceo, ui, 2 (of wine), Cato R. R. 148: or 
expr. by saporem acerbum, etc. (v. supr.) 
habere: or, acerbo, etc. (v. supr.) sapore 
esse. (ii) to turn or become s.: (1.) 
icesco, acui, 3: whatever you pour in 
turns s., quodcunque infundis a., Hor. 
Ep. I, 2, 54: Plin. 20, 14, 53, $147. (2.) 
coacesco, acui, 3: as not every wine, so 
not every age turns s., ut non omne 
vinum, sic non omnis aetas c., Cic. Sen. 
18, 65. (3.) Inacesco, acui, 3: mille 
which you may want to turn s., (1ac) 
quod velis i., Plin. 28, 9, 36,$ 135. (4.) 
exacesco, acui, 3+ the fig turns s.,e. ficus, 
Col. 12, 17, 1. 
source: |. Lit.,: in gen. sense 
1. fons, fontis, m.: to drink of the 
Nile at tts s., Nilum a fonte bibere, 
Lucan 10, 39: the Nile rising from un- 
known s.s, Nilus incertis ortus fontibus, 
Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 51: V. FOUNTAIN, SPRING. 
Q. origo, inis, 7. (rare in lit. sense) - 
the Nile which conceals the s.s of its 
Jountains, fontium qui celat origines 
Nilus, Hor. Od. 4, 14, 45. 8. caput, 
itis, n.: the supply of moisture all con- 
gregates at river’s s.s, (materies humoris) 
ad caput amnibus omnis convenit, Lucr. 
5, 270: Liv. 37, 18, med.: the Rhine 
near its s. males two lakes, Rhenus 
prope a capite duos lacus efficit, Mela 3, 
2, ad fin.: cf. c. aquae, Vitr. 8, 1, ad 
fin. Phr.: the Mosa takes its s. im 
Mount Vogesus, Mosa profluit ex monte 
Vogeso, Caes. B. G. 4, 10: a river tak- 
ing its s. in Mount Yaurus, flumen 
Tauro defluens, Sall. in fragm. ap. Prise. 
lib. 6, p. 680: cf. Ganges in Scythicis 
montibus nascitur, Plin. 6, 18, 22, § 65: 
ex palude nascitur amuis, id. 36, 26, 
65, § 190: Rhenus oritur ex Lepontiis, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 10: the Nile having its s. 
in a lake, Nilus e lacu profusus, Plin. 
5, 9, Lo, § 52: ef. amnis profusus Pin- 
daro monte, id. 5, 30, 33, § 126. Il. 
Fig.: in gen. sense: 1, fons, fontis, 
m.: all these flowed from the same s., 
haec omnia ex eodem f. fluxerunt, Cic. 
N. D. 3, 19, 48: the s. and origin of 
motion, fons, principium movendi, id. 
Rep. 6, 25, 27: to seek Jor the origin of 
law itself from the s., ipsius juris ortum 
a f. repetere, id. Leg. 1,6, 20: fo open 
up the s.s of philosophy, philosophiae 
fontes aperire, id. Tusc. 1, 3,6. Also of 
persons: from him the s. and head, ab 
illo f. et capite, id. de Or. 1, 10, 42: thou 
s. of iniquity, f. vitii et perjuri, PI. 
Truc. 2, 7, 51- 9, drigo, inis, f.: the 
s. of all virtues, 0. omnium virtutum, 
Cic. Fin. 4, 7,17: v. also ontgIN, Join: 
Cilicia, the s. of the war, Cilicia o. et 
fons belli, Flor. 3, 6, post med. 3) 
principium: v. orrery. Join: sound 
sense is the s. of writing correctly, scri- 
bendi recte sapere est et p, et fons, Hor. 
A. P. 309. 4, caput, itis, .: to fetch 
| from the s. what we may want, and to 
| "see whence all things flow, a capite quod 
velimus arcessere, et unde omnia man- 
ant videre, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 117: tf any 
(scandal) shall go abroad without a 
known s., siquid sine c. manabit, id. 
Planc. 23, 57: v¥. also supr. (IL. 1). 
5, matéries, matéria: s. of all ills, 
materies omnium malorum, Sall. C. 
Io: v. also OCCASION (subs.), CAUSE. 
6, profectio, Onis, 7. (= adoppyy : 
very rare): let the s. of the money itself 
be looked for, p. ipsius pecuniae re- 
quiratur, Cic. Clu. 30, 82: Vv. RESOURCE. 
7, stirps, stirpis. f.: the s.of virtue, 
s. virtutis, Cic. Coel. 32, 99: cf. s. super- 
| stitionis, id. Div. 2, 72, 149. Join: 
779 











SOUR-DOCK 


SOVEREIGN 





the s. of all mischiefs, s. ac semen mal- | 


orum omnium, id. Cat. I, 12, 30. 
Expr. also by mater, parens, génétrix 
{v. MorHer, II.). Special Phr.: (.) 
to be the s. of, expr. by gigno, creo, 
pario, etc. (v. To BEGET). Or expr. by 
circuml.: that victory was the fruitful 
s. of the bitterest grief, acerbissimo luctu 
redundabat ista victoria, Cic. Lig. 5, 15 : 
these were the s.s of my fame, ab his 
fontibus profiuxi ad hominum famam, 
Cic. Coel. 3, 6. (ii.) to have, take its 
s. in, expr. by G6rior, préficiscor, etc. 
(¥. TO ORIGINATE): @mano, mano (Vv. 
TO EMANATE [1I.], TO PROCEED FROM). 
Miscell.: you hear of our misfor- 
tunes sooner than I do, for you are 
close to the s., de malis nostris tu 
prius audis quam ego, istinc enim man- 
ant, Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1: so that I was 
surprised, so long a period of wretched- 
ness had not dried up the s.s of his tears, 
ut mirarer eas (lacrimas) tam diuturna 
miseria non exaruisse, ib. 10, 14, I. 
sour-dock: v- SORREL. 
sourish: Acidilus: autumn 
pears of a pleasantly s. flavvwr, pita 
autumnalia a. sapore jucunda, Plin. 15, 
15, 16, § 54. 9, stubacidus: s. wine, 
s. vinum, Cato R. R. 108, 2. For fig. 
sense, paulum with adj. will serve (v. 
sour, IL.). 
sour-krout (or crout) : perh. *bras- 
sica concisa et aceto saleque condita. 
sourly: v- BITTERLY. 
sourness : |. Of taste: 1. 
acor, Oris, m.: Quint. 9, 3, 27. 24 
Acerbitas, atis, f. (the s.of unripe fruits) : 
Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 52. 3. acerbitido, 
inis, f. (= preced.). 4, aciditas, 
atis, f.: Mare. Emp. 5, austéritas, 
atis, /.: s. of wine, a. vini, Plin. 14, 2, 4, 
§ 24. See also BrrrerNess ([.). Or 
expr. by sapor with adj. (v. sour). 
ll. Fig.: of the disposition: 12 
Acerbitas: the s. and savageness of his 
natural temper, a. morum immanitas- 
que naturae, Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 26: v. ILL- 
TEMPER. 9. amaritido, aspéritas : 
Vv. BITTERNESS. 3. morositas, st6- 
machus: v. PEEVISHNESS. Or expr. by 
adj. (v. sour, II.) Phr.: s. of lok, 
torvitas vultus, Tac. H. 2, 9, jfim.: v. 
SULLENNESS, SCOWL. I 
sour-tempered: v. sour (adj. II.). 
souse: |. To plunge into water: 
mergo, etc. (v. TO PLUNGE, A., I). ll. 
To steep in pickle: Phr.: tos. elecam- 
pane, inulam condire muriaque macer- 
are, Col. 12, 46, extr.: cf. in aceto ac 
muria condire, Plin. 14, 19, 23, § 119. 
south (subs.) : 1, méridies, ei, m.: 
towards the s. ad m., Cic. N. D. 2, 19: 
Aegypt lies on (or in) the s., a meridie 
Aegyptus objacet, Tac. H. 5, 6: to face 
the s., ad m. spectare, Caes. B. G. 5, 13: 
ef. vergere in meridiem, Liv. 37, 31, extr. 
2. méridianum, i, .: Vell. 2, 126, 
med. Also in pl.: in the s. of India, in 
meridianis Indiae, Plin. 9, 2, 2, § 24. 
8. auster, tri, m.: in the regions of 
the north or s., in aquilonis austrive par- 
tibus, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 22. Also in pl. : 
towards the s., in austros, Plin. 2, 9, 6, 
§ 43. Also expr. by pars s. plaga meri- 
diana: regio australis (v. SOULHERN). 
south (adj.), southern: __1, meri- 
dianus: the s. part of the world, m. pars 
orbis (opp. septentrionalis), Varr. R. R. 1. 
2,4: s. region, m. plaga, Plin. 2, 11, 8, 
§ 50 (v. also souTH, subs.). 3. méri- 
dialis, e: a s. wind, m. ventus (al. meri- 
dionalis), Gell. 2, 22, ad med.: a s. tem- 
perature, m. temperatura, Tert. Anim. 
25; 8, australis, e: the s. region, a. 
regio, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 50: the s. pole, 
a. polus, Ov. M. 2,132. 4, austrinus: 
the s. heats, a. calores, Virg. G. 2, 271: 
the s. climate, a. coelum, Plin. 16, 26, 46, 
§ 109: Vv, also SOUTH-POLE (2). Also as 
neutr. plur. subs.: the s. parts of Cyprus, 
austrina Cypri, id. 6, 34, 39, § 213. 
southerly; having a s. aspect, ad 
meridiem versus, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 4: 
simly., ad meridiem spectans will serve: 
the field has a s. aspect, ager spectat ad 
meridianam coeli partem, Varr. R. R. 1, 
9, inti. 
780 











south-east: Phr.: to le S.E., 
* inter meridiem et solis ortum spectare 
(Georg.), based on Caes. B. G. 1, 1, extr. 
(spectare inter occasum solis et septen- 
triones) : on or from the S.E., ab oriente 
hiberno, Sen. Q. N. 5, 15, med.: cf. ab 
oriente brumali, Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119. 
The S.E. wind, (1.) euréndtus, i, m. 
(= evpovoros): inter eurum et notum 
e., id. 2, 47, 46, § 120. (2.) eurus, i, m. 
(= edpos): Col. 11, 2, 65: Sen. Q. N.5, 
16. In plur.: Virg.G. 2, 339. [In poet. 
also the east wind, in gen. sense: Ov. Tr. 
I, 2, 27-] (3.) vulturnus: Plin. 2, 47, 
46, § 119, where also occurs phoenicias, 
theS.S.E.wind. (4.) euroauster, tri, m. : 
Isid. Or. 13, 11, 6. 

— .easterly : *inter meridiem et 
solis ortum spectans : ¥. SOUTH-EAST. 
-pole: 1. polus australis: 
Ov. M. 2, 132. 2. polus austrinus: 
Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 56. Also, vertex aus- 
trinus, id. 2, 68, 68, § 172. 8, austro- 
notius (very rare): Isid. Or. 3,32. 4, 
méridianus axis (rare): Vitr. 6, 1, post 
init.: Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, extr. 

— -wards; ad s. in meridiem: v. 
SOUTH (subs.), SOUTHERLY. 

—-west: Phr.: to he S.W, 
*inter occasum solis et meridiem spec- 
tare, based on Caes. B. G. 1, 1, extr. 
(spectare inter occasum solis et septen- 
triones) : on or from the S.W., ab occasu 
brumali, Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119: ef. ab oc- 
cidente hiberno, Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, extr.: 
the S.W. wind, Africus: Plin. 2, 47, 46, 
§ 119: Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, post init.: Virg. 
Aen. 1, 86: called also libs, Plin. Ll. c. 
The S.S.W. wind, (1.) austroafricus, 
Isid. Or. 13, 11, 7. (2.) subvespérus : 
Vitr. 1, 6, post med. (3.) libondtos : 
inter meridiem et hibernum occidentem 
libonoton, Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 120. 

— -wind: ], auster, tri, m.: 
Cic.: Virg.: Hor.: Ov. Phr.: austrinus 
flatus, Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 11: the day on 
which the s. blows, dies austrinus, Col. 
II, 2, 37: the s.-bringing pole, austrifer 
vertex, Sil. 12,2. Q, ndtus and ndtos, 
i, m. (= voros): Virg.: Ov.: Hor. 

southern-wood: perh. abrotonum 
campestre (v. Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v. 
abrotonum): * Artemisia abrotonum, 
Linn.: wine prepared from s., abro- 
tonités, ae (= aBpotovirys, sc. olvos), 
Col. 12, 35. 

souvenir: V. KEEP-SAKE. 

sovereign (an English coin): aureus 
numus (worth about 11. 1s. 17d. present 
money, but in Rome, acc. to the relative 
value of gold and silver, worth only about 
17s. 8td.: v. Smith’s Dict. Ant. p. 182): 
Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 47: Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 20. 

sovereign (subs.: a supreme ruler) : 
1. princeps, Ipis, c.: here mayest 
thou love to be called sire and s., hic 
ames dici pater atque p., Hor. Od. 1, 2, 
50: Ov.: Tac.: v. EMPEROR. 9, rex, 
Tégina: V. KING, QUEEN. 3, t¥rannus: 
v. MONARCH. 4, dOminus (rare in this 
sense): the Roman people, conqueror 
and s. of the world. P. R., d. atque victor 
omnium gentium, Cic. Planc. 4, II: v. 
also DESPOT. 5, dominator, Oris, m. : 
God, the s. of the world, a. rerum (Deus), 
CiciiN- D2 a2e0d- G&, regnator, Oris, 
m.: s. of Olympus supreme, Yr. Summi 
Olympi, Virg. Aen. 7, 558: cf. r. omnium 
deus, Tac. G. 39. 7, expr. by potens, 
with gen. of subs. (poet.): the goddess, 
s. of Cyprus, diva p. Cypri, Hor. Od. 1, 3, 
1: cf. silvarum p. Diana, id. Carm. Sec. 1: 
rerum omnium p. Jupiter,/Tac. H. 4, 84, 
extr. (N.B.—Not p. imperii s. regni, 
wh.=abk to command.) Special Phr.: 
(i.) a s.: quem penes omnium summa 
rerum, based on Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 42 (v. 
MONARCHICAL): cui rerum summa po- 





testas, Virg. Aen. 10, I00: ad quem | 


unum omnis potentia collata est (based 
on Tac. H. 1, 1, init., omnmem potentiam 
ad unum conferri pacis). (ii.) lo be s.: 
may be expr. by déminari, regnare (v. TO 
REIGN): or by circuml.: e. g., imperii 
summam tenere, Caes. B. G. 2, 23. (iii.) 
to male s.: Cingetoriz was made s., 
Cingetorigi principatus atque imperium 
est traditum, id. B. G. 6,8: cf. Caesari 


SOW 





Phil. 2, 34, 87: sibi regnum civitatis 
deferre, Caes. B. G. 5, 6: regnum alicui 
permittere, Hor. S. 1, 3, 123: exercitus 
summam imperii ad eum deferre, Nep. 
Hannib. 3, init. (iv.) to become s., po- 
tiri rerum (v. SOVEREIGNTY). 
sovereign (adj.): | 
independent, q. V.: a 8. prince or people, 
perh. *rex s. populus sui juris (Georg.) : 
v. also SOVEREIGN (subs.). For s. power, 
V.SOVEREIGNTY. |]. Injluential, power- 
e q.v. = II. 2ffectual (of medical 


Antonium regnum detulisse, Clic. 


remedies), q. V.: valens, praesens, potens 
(v. also POWERFUL). Phr.: to be of s. 
efficacy, eximie prodesse, Plin. 29, 6, 38, 
§ 126: tohave a s. contempt for, plane s. 
valde s. vehementer contemnere, Cic. 
sovereignty: 1. principatus, ts, 
m.: Nerva combined elements formerly 
incompatible, s. and freedom, N. res 
olim dissociabiles miscuit, p. et liber- 
tatem, Tac. Agr. 3, init.: to obtain s., 
ad p. pervenire, Nep. Cim. 2, init.: Plin. 
9, 8 6, 9 146. 2. regnum: what 
military power, what magistracy, what 
s. can be better? quod imperium, qui 
magistratus, quod r. potest esse prae- 
stantius? Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28: to aspire 
to s., regnum affectare, Liv. 1, 46, post 
init.: condemned on the charge of 
aspiring tos. damnatus crimine regni, 
Ov. F. 6, 189: ef. r. appetere, Cic. Sen. 
16, 56: to seize upon Ss., r. occupare, id. 
Am. 12,40. Join: to be under one's 
s.,in alicujus regno ac ditione esse, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 27, 60. 3, tyrannis, idis, 
f.: Vv. TYRANNY. 4, dodminatio, dém- 
inatus (in bad sense, opp. arate 
Cic. pass. 5, summa imperii: to ho 
the s., imperii summam tenere, Caes. B.G. 
2, 23: cf. omnium s. rerum, Cic. Rep. 1, 
26, 42. 6, impérium (prop. of mili- 
tary authority: v. AUTHORITY, I., 4): 
the s. of the Roman people, populi Ro- 
mani i., Caes. pass.: Cic. pass.: to fight 
for s., de i. dimicare, Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38. 
Join: to come under the s. of the Ro- 
man people, sub populi Romani i. di- 
tionemque cadere, id. Font. 1, 12. Also, 
summum i., id. Rep. 2, 5, 10. 7, ditio, 
potestas: v. powrER (LII.). Phr.: to 
obtain the s., potiri rerum, Nep. Att. 9, 
jin.: the s. of the world, arbitrium orbis 
terrarum, Suet. Caes. 7: cf. mox rei 
Romanae arbitrium tribus ferme et 
viginti (annis) obtinuit, Tac. A. 6, 51 
(57)- , 
sow (a.female pig): 1, scrofa (@ 
breeding-s.): the s. should feed her own 
pigs, 8. suos alat oportet porcos, Varr. 
R. R. 2, 4, post med.: Juv.6,1977. 2, 
porca: Cato R. R. 134. Also porcus fe- 
mina,ib. 8, sis, suis, ¢. (but usu. fem. 
in poet.): @ s. with pigs, s. praegnans, 
Varr. R. R. 2, 4, post med.: this way 
rushes a muddy s., hac lutulenta ruit s., 
Hor. Ep. 2,2, 75. 4, apra (a wild s.): 
Plin. in Prise. p. 698 P. 
sow-bread: perh. cyclaminos, i, f,, 
may serve: Plin. 25, 9, 67, § 114: *Cy- 
clamen hederaefolium, Linn. 
-bug: Oniscus or -0s, i, n. 
(= ovicxos): *Oniscus asellus, Linn. 
sow-thistle: sonchus (= aoyxos): 





Plin. 22, 22, 44, § 68: *Sonchus oleraceus, 
and §. asper, Linn. 

sow (%.): 1, séro, sévi, satum, 3: 
to s. grain, frumenta s., Caes. B. G. 5, 
14: one must s. vetch, serendum viciam, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 32,2. Aiso, of the ground 
sn: that jield of yours is to be s.n, 
iste serendus ager, Ov. A. A. 2, 668: 
to s. furrows, s. sulcos, Tib. 2, 3, 73. 
Fig.: tos. civil broils, civiles discordias 
s., Liv. 3, 40, post med.: cf. causam dis- 
cordiarum s., Suet. Cal. 26, ad jin. ‘o 
sémino, 1 (rare in this sense): ¢o s. spelt, 
wheat, barley, adoreum, triticum s., 
| Col. 2, 8, extr. Also of the ground 
‘sn: to s. a field, agrum s., id. 2, 4, 
extr. 8. conséro, sévi, situm, 3: to 
s. arable lands with corn, (sola) fru- 
mento ¢., Curt. 7, 4, post med.: a field 
carefully sm, ager diligenter consitus, 
Cic. Sen. 17, 59. 4. disséro, no % 
situm, 3: the Caecilian lettuce is sn 
properly in January, (lactuca) Caeciliana 








SOWING 








mense Januario recte disseritur, Col. 11, 
3, 26. Fig.: a portion of the vital 
principle s.n throughout the whole body, 
dissita pars animae per totum corpus, 
Lucr. 3, 144. 5, inséro, sévi, situm, 
3 (rare in this sense): tf the corn is 
not s.n, si frumentum non inseritur, Col. 
5,7,3- 6, obséro, sévi, situm, 3: tos. 
corn, 0. frumentum, Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 129: 
to s. (cover by sowing) the earth, terram 
frugibus o., Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63. Tf 
obruo, ui, itum, 3: to s. millet, milium 
o., Col. 11, 2, 72: to s. beet, betam o., 
id. 11, 3,42. 8, expr. by semen, with 
such verbs as jicio, spargo, dépono, 
mando: to s. lettuce-seed, (lactucae) 8. 
jacere, Plin. 19, 8, 39, § 130: to s. seed, 
semen spargere, Cic. Kosc. Am, 38, 50: 
to s. teeth, seed of men, dentes, mortalia 
semina, spargere, Ov. M. 3,105 (expr. by 
dentes terrae supponere, id. M. 3, 102): 
Fig.: to s. enmities for a long time, 
odia in longum jacere, Tac. A. 1, 69: 
for fig. sense, v. TO CIRCULATE, DIS- 
SEMINATE); fo 5. seeds either in a ditch 
or furrow, deponere semina vel scrobe 
vel sulco, Col. 5, 4, 2: to s. seed in the 
ground, mandare semen terrae, Col. 1, 
9, fin.: to s. barley in furrows, m, 
hordea sulcis, Virg. E. 5, 36: cf. semina 
sulcis committere, id. G. 1, 223. 9, 
expr. by sémentis with facio: s., sem- 
entim facito, Cato R. R. 27: Liv. 23, 48, 
init. Also in plur.: to s. as extensively 
as ] sementes quam maximas 
facere, Caes. B. G. 1, 3, init. Prov.: 
as you s., so will you reap, ut sementem 
feceris, ita metes, Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261. 
Phr.: night was preparing to s. the 
heaven with stars, nox coelo ace 
signa bat, Hor. S. 1, 5, Io (v. TO 
STUD) Pa little more than a peck is suffi- 
cient to s. an acre, jugerum paulo plus 
quam modius occupat, Col. 2, 10, med. 
Prov.: to reap where one has not s.n, 
ex aliorum laboribus libare laudem, 
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5: cf. sub arbore, quam 
alius conseruit legere fructum (based on 
Liv. 10, 24, quam arborem consevisset, 
sub ea legere alium fructum indignum 
esse dicere). 
sowing (subs.): 1, sémentis, is, 
Jf. (@ s.): s. and reaping, s. ac messis, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 249: v. also TO sow, 9. 
Q, satio, Onis (like preced.): Cic. 
Werr:) 3; 47, 112: Virg. G. 2, 319. 
3, satus, Us, m. (esp. in abl.): TI be- 
lieve that the rough herb has sprung 
From the birds dropping (seeds), not 
From humam s., herbam asperam credo 
(exstitisse) avium congestu, non hu- 
mano s., Cic. Div. 2, 32, 68: Cato R. R. 
5, 3, adinit. Or expr. by verb (v. TO 
sow). Phr.: during time for s., per 
sementim, Cato R. R. 61, fin.: Col. (v. 
also SEED-TIME): after s., semine jacto, 
Virg. G. 1, 104. 
sower: sator, dris, m.: Cic.: Col.: 
vy. also PLANTER. 
space (subs.): |, Extension: spi- 
tium : ef. Lucr. 1, 426, locus ac spatium, 
quod inane vocamus. (Locus is the 
popular term; spatium, the scientific 
one ; and inane [void space], the favourite 
Lucretian phrase.) Il. Quantity of 
room: locus: Vv. ROOM. UN]. Znterval : 
intervallum: v.INTERVAL. |V, Space 
of time: spatium temporis, Cic. Arch. 
tnit. Or simply spatium: in a brief s. 
of time, brevi spatio, ‘Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2: 
Sor a long s. of time, longo s., Cic. Off. 2, 
23, 81. Also freq. tempus: v. TIME. 
S. of two, three years, biennium, trien- 
nium, etc. 
svace (v.): Phr.: tos. type, *typos 
ampliusculis intervallis (Spatiis) dis- 
tinguere. 
spacious: 1, amplus: a very s. 
gymnasium, gymnasium amplissimum, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 53, 119: Virg. 2. spa- 
tidsus: @ s. stall (for cattle), s. sta- 
bulum, Col. 6, 2, init.: Quint. Join: 
spatiosa et capax domus, Plin. 3 
capax (in prose, only with gen., denoting 
that which a vessel or space is able to 
contain : in poets and later writers also, 
capacious, roomy): a s. city, c. urbs, 
Ov. M. 4, 439: Plin. supr.: s. enough to 





SPARE 


hold the whole people, populi capax, Ov. 
4, latus: v. wipe. (N.B.—Laxus 
= wide apart; with wide spaces or in- 
tervals: as applied to a house, Vell. 2, 
81, it denotes open, not hemmed in by 
other houses.) 
spaciousness : 1, amplitido: 
Liv. 7, 30 (a. urbis, with the accessory 
notion of importance and splendou’). 
2, laxitas (having large rooms and 
wide spaces): 8. of a house, |. domus, 
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139. (Not capacitas : 
which = ability to contain or hold.) 
3. expr. by adj.: v. SPACIOUS. 
spade: pala: leaning on his s. as he 
dug a trench, fossam fodiens palae in- 
nisus, Liv. 3, 26: to turn up with a s., 
pala vertere, Plin.: versare, Col. Phr.: 
to call a s. a@ s., plane et Latine loqui, 
Cie Ph. 4, 6, 14. 
span (subs.): |. The linear mea- 
sure: 1, palmus: Col. 3, 7: Plin. 
(who also uses the Gk. word spithameé 
[orOaun], 7,2,3 9 26). Of the dimen- 
sion of as. palmaris: Varr.: Col. 2, 
dodrans, ntis, m. (4 of a foot): Suet. 
Aug. 79: Plin. Of the dimension of a s., 
dodrantalis: Col.: Plin. il. Fig. a 
short measure: expr. by brévis, exiguus ; 
brevitas, exiguitas: the brief s. of life, 
vitae summa brevis, Hor.: exigua vitae 
brevitas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37. See also 
SPACE, DURATION. Ill. Measure of an 
arch: mensiira: Vv. MEASURE. An arch 
of 100 ft. span, *foruix in centum pedes 
patens, protenta. 
span (v. : |. 70 measure with the 
extended fingers: perh. * digitis extentis 
metiri. ||. Zo cross in the manner of 
a bridge: expr. by jungo, 3: the river 
is s.’d by a noble bridge, * flumen insigni 
(praeclaro) ponte junctum est. 
span-long: v. SPAN. 
spangle: perh. bractea, bractedla 
(thin leaf of gold): Solin. has bracteas 
eloquentiae, of showy glitter in rhetoric, 
spangled: (astris, stellis) distinctus : 
Vv. STUDDED. 
spaniel: *canis familiaris (Wood) : 
¢c. avicularius, Linn. (R. and A.). 
Spanish: Hispanus, Hispanicus, 
Hispaniensis: the first being chiefly 
applied to the people; the second, to 
Spanish things; the third, to foreign 
things connected with Spain: the S. 
(people), Hispani: a S. word, Hispa- 
nicum verbum, Suet. Aug. 82: the S. 
army (of Rome), exercitus Hispaniensis, 
Tac. To k S., * Hispanice (Hispane, 
Enn. fr.) loqui. Also, Ibérus, [béricus, 
are used poet. = Hispanus, Hispanicus. 
spank (subs.): alapa: v. SLap. 
spar (subs.): |. A crystalline 
substance: perh. lapis specularis: Plin. 
36, 22, 45: also the stone called dcdpos, 
ib. 37, 10, 54 ( 143, appears to be a kind 
of spar. ||, 4 rounded timber: perh. 
asser, palus (teres), stipes: v. STAKE, 
POLE. 
spar (v.): perh. *pugnis ludi (animi) 
causa certare ; caestibus levioribus atque 
inermibus certando se exercere. (Se 
exercere pugnis certando, R. and A.) 
Fig.: digladiari (ef verbad disputes) : 
Cie. Off. 1, 9, 28. 
spare (adj.) : |. Thin, lean : exilis, 
gracilis, strigOsus: V. THIN, SCRAGGY. 
I]. Over and above what is necessary : 
subsécivus: s. time, s. tempora, Cic. Leg. 
I, 3,9: also, temporum subseciva, Quint. 
Eye 2ere: 
spare (v.): J. To use economically 
or refrain from using at all: parco, 
péperci, parsum and -citum, 3 (with 
dat.): not to s. expense, labour, or risk, 
nec impensae nec labori nec periculo p., 
Liv. 35, 44: I will s. no pains, non par- 
cam operae, Cic. Fam. 13, 27. In older 
writers with acc., Cato: Pl. Also, parcé 
utor: V. SPARINGLY. See also TO STINT. 
Phr.: tos. no entreaties, omni ope con- 
tendere ut ...., Suet. Dom. 2; petere et 
summe contendere, Cic. Quint. 24, 77. 
I]. Zo accumulate by economy : com- 
perco (-parco), 3: Ter. Ph. 1,1, 10. See 
also TOSAVE(III.). Insim. sense, parco : 
Virg. Aen. 10, 532. —[j. Zo refrain 
From doing anything: parco, fiigio: v. 


SPATTER 








TOFORBEAR. |V, Totreat with mercy: 
‘oe 3: to s, the subject, p. subjectis, 
Jirg. Aen. 6, 854: lo s. women and 
children, mulieribus, infantibus p., Caes, 
V. To save from undergoing pain, 
etc.: parco, 3; with a and abl. of that 
which is prevented : cf. Liv. 25, 25, med., 
legati .... precantes ut a caedibus et in- 
cendiis parceretur. Phr.: I s.d myself 
the occurrence of this anguish, hujus 
acerbitatis eventum vitavi, Cic. Att. 3, 
9, med.: s, the commonwealth this danger, 
a quo periculo prohibete rempublicam, 
id. Man. 7. 
spareness: gricilitas, etc.: v. LEAN- 
NESS. 


sparing (adj.): parcus (absol. or 
with gen. of that which is sparingly 
used; also in and abl.): to offer with s. 
hand, p. manu offerre, Hor. Od. 3, 16, 43: 
8. of blood, p. sanguinis (civium), Tac. H. 
3, 15: too 8. in the bestowment of the 
Sranchise, nimium p. in largienda civi- 
tate, Cic. Balb. 22. See also FRUGAL, 
ECONOMICAL. Stronger than parcus, 
are sordidus (vy, MEAN) and mialignus 
(Vv. STINGY, STINTED). Tenax = CLOSE 
FIsTED. To be s. of anything, parcere 
with dat. (v. TO svare): foll. by inf., 
Hor. S. 2, 2, 58, nisi mutatum, parcit 
defendere vinum. 

sparingly: 1. parcé: Cic.: Ter, 
Join: parce et paullatim, Caes. B. G, 
7,11: tam parce tamque restricte, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 13. 2, exigué (scantily): to 
Surnish money s., &. sumptum praebere, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 33. 8. stronger, 
maligné (stingily, grudgingly): Hor.: 
Liv. (Maligne always implies bad dis- 
position or spirit: the preced. words 
are neutral.) 

sparingness: parsimonia: vy. Eco- 
NoMyY. 

spark: Lit.: 1], scintilla: Lucr.: 
Virg.: Liv. Fig.: a s. of genius, 
s. ingenii, Cic. Rep. 2, 21. Dimin. 
scintillula (a small or feeble s.: rare): 
Cic. Fin. 5, 15, fin. (fig.). 2, igniciiius 
(a small flame): esp. in fig. sense: as tt 
were 8.8 and germs of virtue, quasi vire 
tutum igniculi et semina, Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 
18. For igniculus, parvus ignis may be 
used: cf. Liv. 21, 3, exti’., ne quandoque 
parvus hic ignis (“this spark”) incen- 
dium ingens exsuscitet. Phr.: as. of 
hope, spécula (rare): Cic. Clu. 26, 72: 
also, spes exigua fextremaque}], id. FL 
2,4: not as. of genius, nulla ne minima 
quidem ingenii significatio, cf. Cic. Am. 
14 (significatio virtutis). 

sparkle: 1, scintillo, 1: (care 
bunceles) s. when facing the sun, contra 
radios solis s. Plin. 37, 7, 25: Lucr. 

2, radio, 1 (to emit rays): cats’ eyes 

Slash and s. in the dark, felium in tene- 
bris fulgent r.que oculi, Plin. 11, 37, 55. 
See also TO GLITTER. 

sparkling (adj.): scintillans, ra 
dians: v. TO SPARKLE. S. with gems, 
gemmis distinctus: v. STUDDED. 

sparkling (swvbs.): scintillatio (rare); 

lin. 

sparring (subs.): v. TO SPAR. 
fig. sense, v. DEBATE, CONTROVERSY. 

sparrow : passer, Gris, m.: Cat. Di» 
min., passercitlus (a poor little s.): Cie, 

sparrow-hawk: * falco nisus, 

sparse: rarus: v. SCATTERED. 

sparseness: V. FEWNESS. 

spasm: 1, spasmus, i, m.; spasma, 
itis,n. (Gr. oracpos, oracua): Plin, 

2. pure Lat. nervorum distentio, 

rigor: Cels. 2, 7,ad med. Also, simply 
rigores (spasms), Plin. 26, 12, 81 
Affected with s.s, spasticus, ib.: also, 
vulsus, Plin. 21, 19, 74: to be seized with 
s.s, (? paralysed), convelli, Suet. Tib. 72 

spasmodic: Phr.: a s. movement, 
*talis motus qualis spasticorum (spasmo 
laborantium) solet esse: “* the s. school,” 
spastici qui dicuntur, denominantur. 

spasmodically: “quasi spasmo 
laborans, vexatus. 

spatter: aspergo, si, sum, 3 (constr. 
with acc. and dat., or ace. and abl.: 
L. G. § 292, Obs. 4): s.'d with rain and 
mud, imbre lutoque aspersus, Hor. Ep. 
I, 11, 12. Stronger exprr., luto per 

781 


For 


SPATTER-DASHES 


fundere, Juv. 14, 66; 1. opplere, Suet. 
Vesp. 5. See also TO SPRINKLE. 
svatter-dashes: perh. ocreae: cf. 
Varr. L. L. 5, 24, 116. 
spatula: spatha: Col.: Plin. 
spavin: Vitium suffraginum (Kr.). 
Having s., suffraginosus: Col. 6, 38. 
spawn (subs.): ova (piscium): Cic. 
N. D. 2, 51, 129. 
4 spawn (v.): ova gignere; Cic. N. D. 
Hc: 


spawner : piscis femina. 

spay: castro,1: Plin. 8, 51, 77 (fe- 
minas sues c.). 

speak: . To utter articulate 
sounds ; to express thoughts by words: 

1, léquor, cutus, 3: ef. Virg. G. 1, 
478, pecudesque locutae, infandum! 
(articulate speech being the peculiarity 
of human beings): to s. in good pure 
Latin, pure et Latine 1, Cic. de Or. 1, 
32, init.: tos. spitefully, infeste 1., Liv. 
21, 11, init.: the facts s. for themselves, 
res ipsa l., Cic. Mil. 20, med.: also, res 
pro se ipsa l., id. 3, 2, extr.: to s. before 
any one (as before a judge), apud ali- 
quem l., id. Fin. 2, 22, extr. Freq. with 
acc. of adj. or neut. pron. : having spoken 
these words, many words, etc., haec lo- 
cutus, multa locutus, etc. Also with 
noun as direct obj. = to speak of, v. foll. 
art. 9. fari, fatus, 1 (old verb, and 
chiefly poet. = preced.): infants unable 
to speak, nescios fari pueros, Hor. Od. 4, 
6, 18: hardly had I spoken these words, 
vix ea fatus eram, Virg. pass. 3, dico, 
xi, ctum, 3 (togive expression to thought ; 
implying not only the use of the organs 
of speech, but also the exercise of the 
rational powers: thus, bene loqui, is to 
speak accurately, with correct accent, 
etc.: bene dicere, to be a good spealcer) : 
v.Tosay. 4, fabilor, 1: v. TO TALK. 
Not able to s., infans, tis: Cic.: Hor. 

|]. To make a speech: 1, expr. 
by phr.: verba facere (not necessarily 
implying a set speech), Caes. B.G. 2, 145 
more fully, verba atque orationem 
facere, id. B.C. 2, 18: orationem habere, 
Sall. Cat. 313; and in somewhat diff. 
sense, to s. at length on any subject, 
multam orationem de aliqua re habere, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 33; contionem fesp. apud 
populum, apud milites] habeve, Caes. 
B. C. 3, 73: he spoke as follows, talem 
orationem exorsus est, Liv. 21, 39, extr. 

2, contionor, 1 (to deliver an oration 
to a public assembly): to s. before the 
people, ad populum c., Suet. Aug. 843; 
before troops, apud milites, Caes. B. C. 
1,7: tos. as from a higher platform, 
c. tanquam superiore e loco, Cic. Tusc. 
¥, 49, 117- 3. Gro, 1 (rare in this 
sense): the art of s.ing (oratory), ars 
orandi, Quint. prooem. § 4. Comp. pér- 
Gro, 1 (to finish s.ing, come to a con- 
clusion), Liv. 21, 11. 4, also in re- 
ferring generally to a speech, dico or 
loquor may suffice; esp. ger.: as soon 
as Caesar had done s.ing, postquam 
Caesar dicendi finem fecit, Sall. C. 52, 
intt. 

—— against: |. To speale in op- 
position to: expr. by contra and acc., 
with dico or loquor: to s. against any 
one’s civil status, c. caput alicujus dicere, 
Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (contradicere with dat. 
= to contradict): v. AGAINST. ||. Zo 
use hostile or reproachful language 
againstanyone: 1, malédico, 3 (with 
dat.) : V. TO REVILE, ABUSE. Also, male 
loqui alicui, Pl.: not so constr. in Cic. : 
but comp. id. R. Am. 48, 140, where m. 
loqui [absol.] = maledicta dicere. oa 
obléquor, citus, 3 (usu. rather to inter- 
rupt a person who is speaking: with 
dat.): Cat. 83, 4. 3. invéhor, ctus, 
3 (to launch out in attack of any one: 
with acc.): to s. bitterly and insultingly 
against any one, acerbe contumelioseque 
in aliquem i., Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 304: V. 
TO INVEIGH AGAINST. 4, expr. by 
maledicta in aliquem dicere, Cic. Fam. 
2, 3: conferre, id. Att. 11, 8. 

—- of: 1, dico, 3: in prose usu. 
foll. by de and abl.: to s. of Scipio, de 
Scipione d., Cic. pass.: freq. in ports 
with direct obj. = to tell of; sing, 

7182 








SPEARMAN 


praise: to s. of Diana, Hercules, etc., 
Dianam, Alciden d., Hor. This constr. 
even occurs in prose: ef. Liv. 7, 29, intt., 
majora jam hine bella .... dicentur. 
(Dico also occurs in prose with direct 
obj. = to name, mention, refer to: cf. 
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, extr., quod autem meum 
munus dicis, but not = to speak con- 
cerning.) 2. loquor, 3 (Same constr. 
as preced., except that it is freq. used in 
prose with acc. of neut. prons., etc.) : to 
s. with any one of any subject, 1. cam 
aliquo de aliqua re, Cic. pass.: we will 
s. of these subjects together, ista loquemur 
inter nos, Cic. Fin. 3, 2, extr.: to s. of 
battles, proelia |., Hor. Od. 4, 15, 1: Sen.: 
Plin. 8. mémoéro, I: v. TO MENTION. 
See also TO piscuss. Phr.: to s. well 
of, benedicere, with dat., Cic. Sext. 52, 
init. ; praedicare (constr. with ace. or de 
and abl.); esp. with bene, optime: cf. 
Cic. Arch. 9, 20, a quo sua virtus optime 
praedicaretur (Vv. TO PRAISE, PUBLISH) : 
to s. wl of, maledicere (v. TO SPEAK 
AGAINST) : not to s. of (inserted in a kind 
of parenthetical way), ut omittam ...., 
Cic. Br. 76, fin.: Nep. (better than ut 
praetermittam): so, ut taceam (poet.), 
Ov. M. 13, 177. 

speak out: 1. @léquor, 3: Cic.: 
Quint. Q, proloquor, 3: Auct. B. Afr. 
Phr.: tos. out plainly, plane et Latine 
loqui, Cic. Ph. 7, 6, 17: vere ac libere 
loqui, id. R. Am. 48, r4o. 

—— eee 1. appello, 1 (¢o address, 
accost) : with acc.: Ter.: Cic. In same 
sense also, compello, 1 (chiefly poet.) : 
Virg. alloquor, 3 (to talk to: 
whereas appello is simply to address: 
also with acc.): no one was willing to 
s. tohim, quem nemo a. vellet, Cic. Clu. 
61, 170: Pl.: Ter. 3. affari, 1: only 
used in pres. ind. (but not I pers.), 
perf. part., infin. and 2 pers. sing. 
imperat. (to addvess): to s. to any one 
by name, nomine a. aliquem, Cic. Br. 
125, 353s 





together: 1, colléquor, or 
simply léquor, 3 (with inter and pron. 
refl.): they spoke a great deal t., multum 
inter se collocuti sunt, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 
26: so, loquemur inter nos, id. Fin. 3, 2, 
extr, 2. confabiilor, 1 (rare): Ter. 
See also TO CONVERSE. 
with: colléquor, 3: 
by cum: Cic. 

speaker: |. One who makes 
Speeches: Orator: v. ORATOR. Phr.: 
a good s., homo disertus, Cic. de Or. 1, 
21, 94: to be a good s., aptum esse ad 
dicendum, id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5: multum 
valere dicendo, id. Br. 4, 27. I]. One 
at the time speaking : use imperf. part. 
of dico (except in nom. sing.: L. G 
§ 638): or rel. clause, is qui dicit, 
loquitur, etc.: Vv. TO SPEAK. Il. The 
president of the House of Commons: 
orator (in class. sense of spokesman). 

speaking (subs.): expr. by dico, 16- 
quor, verba facio: artfully to take up 
the time by s., calumnia dicendi diem 
eximere, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3: to refrain 
From evil s., temperare a maledicendo, 
male loquendo (also, a maledictis): un- 
accustomed to public s., *insolens verba 
ad populum (ad coetus hominum) fa- 
ciendi: they think they shall be heard 
Sor their much s., *propterea se exau- 
ditum iri putant quod multa loquuntur. 
See also ORATORY. 

speaking (adj.): perh. argiitus, sig- 
nificans: V. SIGNIFICANT. 

speaking-trumpet: perh. cornu 
(gen. term for any such instrument). 

spear (subs.) ; 1, hasta: pass. 
(N.B.—This is the regular word to re- 
present Eng.) 9. lancea (a light s. 
with a leathern thong fastened to the 
middle): Hirt.: Tac. 8. sarissa (the 
long Macedonian pike used by the pha- 
langites): Liv. (Pilum is not a spear, 
but the regular javelin of the Roman 
legionary : V. JAVELIN.) 

spear (v.): Phr.: hasta configere, 
transfigere: v. TO TRANSFIX. 

svearman: hastatus: Curt. 3, 3. 
Or by circuml.: *miles hasta armatus, 
gui hastam fert. 


usu. foll. 





SPECTACLES 


spear-mint: *mentha viridis: Bot. 
special: |. Confined to one species 
or class: 1, péciiliaris, e (relating to 
a particular case): a s. edict, p. edictum, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 14, 36: Vv. PECULIAR. i 
spécialis, e (not in Cic., but good as f..) = 
Quint. 5, 10, 43 (opp. generalis): Sen. 
8. proprius (belonging peculiarly 
to: with gen.): cf. Suet. Aug. 5, quasi 
proprio suo et peculiari deo (his own s. 
divinity). 4. praecipuus (a legal 
phr.): Dig.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
Phr.: as. law directed against a person, 
privilegium, Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44: to con- 
Ser a province by s. decree, provinciam 
extra ordinem decernere, id. Prov. Cons. 
8. See also PARTICULAR. |], Stand- 
ing out from the rest: 1, praecipuus: 
to hold in s. honour, p. honore habere, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 52: Cic. 2. peciiliaris: 
For s. desert, p. merito, Suet. Vit. 4. See 
also SINGULAR, SIGNAL, REMARKABLE. 
In phr. special jury: perh. 

judices extraordinarii. 
speciality {quod proprium (pecu- 


specialty §liare) est: v. PECU- 
LIARITY. 
specially: |. With reference to 


species : spécialiter (only as ¢. t.): opp. 
generatim: Col. 12,2. ||, In an espe- 
cial manner : 1. praecipué: Cic. 
Q. péculiariter (late): Plin. See 

also PARTICULARLY, SINGULABLY. 

specie; aurum argentumve signa- 
tum: v. TO COIN, STAMP. 

species: |. In strict sense: spé- 
cies, éi (not so used in Cic., but necessary 
for precise expression): Sen. Ep. 58, 7, 
where the genus is represented as con- 
taining a variety of species: M. L. 
(N.B.—Cic. makes an approach to this 
use of the word, de Or. I, 42, 189, genus 
est id quod sui similes .... specie autem 
differentes duas aut plures complectitur 
partes. ) |]. In looser sense, @ sort or 
kind: génus: v. KIND. 

specific (adj.): |, Relating to a 
species: Phr.: s. features, quae ali-s 
cujus rei propria [ac peculiaria] sunt 
v. PECULIAR, PROPER. S. name (scient, 
t. t.), perh. *speciei nomen, nomen spe. 
ciale. Il. Precise and definite: v. 
EXPLICIT, EXPLICITLY. 

specific (subs.): expr. by singilfris, 
e: a s. against spasms, herba contra 
vulsa singularis (strictly, unique, having 
singular power), Plin. 22, 17, 20: so, 
singulare serpentibus abigendis, id. 8, 
32, 50 § 118. Also expr. by facere (ad), 
prodesse: v. Goon, adj. (LI.). 

specifically: diserté : v. EXPLICITLY. 

specify; subtiliter enumerare: v. 
PRECISELY. 

specimen: exemplum (sample to 
judge frum): the following will suffice 
by way of s., haec exempli gratia suffi- 
cient, Quint. 9, 2, 56: so, in exemplum 
pauca subjicere, Suet. Tib, 21. (Not 
specimen in this sense: specimen dare 
is to furnish proof, give practical de- 
monstration of something: Cic. Div. 
Verr. 8, 27.) See also proor. Phr.: 
learn what they all are from a single s., 
ex uno disce omnes, Virg. 

specious: probabilis: or expr. by 
spécies: Vv. PLAUSIBLE, SHOWY. Some- 
times fucatus may serve; but it exe 
presses more than Eng.: v. FALSE, 
COUNTERFEIT. Also, vendibilis, e (that 
makes the most of itself): Cic. Am, 25, 
96. (Not speciosus; which has a good 
sense. ) 

speciously: probabiliter: v. PLAU- 
SIBLY. : 

speciousness: captiosa probabi- 
litas: v. PLAUSIBILITY. 

speck; mactla: v. SPOT. 

speckle (v.): macilo, r (rare in 
act.) ; maculis distinguo: v. SPOT. 

speckled; miacilosus, maculatus, 
maculis distinctus s. sparsus : V.SPOTTED. 

spectacle: 1, spectactilum: @ 
splendid s., s. magnificum, Liv.: Cic. 

2. spécies: v. sicut (LV.). 

spectacles: *perspicillum (¢. ¢): 
Kr. Phr.: to look at anything through 
s., oculo armato [oculis armatis] aliquid 
spectare, ib. 











SPECTATOR 


SPEND 


SPEND 








spectator : spectator; f.-tix . Cic.: 
Liv. Join: s. et testis, Cic. de Or. 1, 
24, fin. Or use imperf. part. of specto 
(except in nom. sing. L. G. § 638): to 
touch the heart of the s., cor spectantis 
tetigisse, Hor. A. P. 98. (For spectare, 
Ov. has aspicere [ludos], F. 6, 238.) 
spectral: larvalis, e: Sen. Ep. 24, 
17 (1. habitus nudis ossibus cohaeren- 
tium, i. e. a skeleton): Amm. See also 
GHASTLY. 
spectre: larva, phantasma: v. GHOST 
(IL). See also pHaNToM. (Not spec- 
trum.) Apul. bas also, occursamenta 
noctium (nightly s.s) ; bustorum formi- 
damina, sepulcrorum terriculamenta (8.5 
haunting graves): R. and A. 
spectrum: *spectrum : as scient. ¢.¢. 
speculate: |. Yo think; esp. on 
philosophical subjects: Phr.: to s. con- 
cerning the nature of God, *de natura 
Dei quaerere, inquirere, cogitare; na- 
Suram Dei investigare: v. TO THINK, 
INQUIRE. See also SPECULATION. Il. 
To guess: conjicio, conjectiram ficio ; 
divino: v.TO GUESS. — |||, 70 purchase 
with a view to a rise in the marked: 
perb. *in spem gravioris (carioris) an- 
nonae coemere ; in spem caritatis mer- 
cari; cf, MARKET. 
speculation: |. Philosophical : 
philosophiae studia; veri bonique in- 
vestigatio (contemplatio); veritatis ra- 
tionisque inquisitio: v. PHILOSOPHY, 
STUDY, INquIRY. In pl., sententiae, opi- 
niones, may serve: the s.s uf the philo- 
sophers concerning the gods, sententiae 
ae de natura Deorum, Cic. 
- D. 1, 6, 13: V¥. OPINION. I]. Com- 
mercial: in gen. sense, mercatura: v. 
TRADE. Phr.: money lost in trading 
8.8, pecunia in mercationibus perdita, 
Gell. 3, 3: cf. To specuLaTE (IIL). 
Ill. 4 guess: conjectiira: v. GUEsS. 
speculative: philosophandi stu- 
diosus, veri investigandi cupidus (of 
persons). S. philosophy, philosophia 
contemplativa, opp. activa (theoretical 
and practical) : Sen. Ep. 95, 10: * philo- 
sophia quae rerum contemplatione con- 
tinetur (R. and A.). 
speculator : |. Philosophical : 
rh. contemplator: cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 
(c. coeli ac deorum). I]. Com- 
mercial: (in corn) dardanarius: Ulp. 
Dig. 47, 11, 6. In gen. sense: *qui in 
Spem gravioris (carioris) annonae mer- 
catur, res venales coemit. 
speech: |. he faculty of speak- 
tng: dratio: Cic. Off. 1, 4, 12: deprived 
of the faculty of s., infans: id. Div. 1, 
53,121. Phr.: totale away the faculty 
of s.,usum linguae adimere, Ov. M. 14, 
: if temporarily, vocem praecludere, 
. ib. 2,658. |, Utterance: Phr.: 
to have great facility of s., volubili esse 
lingua, Liv. (Kr.): to utter with stam- 
mering s., titubante lingua loqui, Ov. 
Tr. 3,1, 21. |||, 4” address, oration: 
1, dratio: dimin. oratiuncila (a short 
S.): a powerful, polished, admirable s., 
0. gravis, polita, admirabilis, Cic. de Or. 3, 
25: aclever and oratorical s., 0. diserta 
et oratoria, ib. I, 54, 231: @ brilliant s., 
o. luculenta, Sall. C. 31. The foll. epi- 
thets are taken from Kr. (e Cic.): oratio 
fortis et virilis: compta, polita, com- 
posita et ornata: diligenter elaborata, 
accurate commentata (carefully stud- 
ved): gravissimis verbis sententiisque 
plena: accurata et facta quodam modo. 
To deliver a s.,0. habere, Cic. pass. : from 
HS., 0. de scripto dicere, id. Pl. 30, 74: 
to study a s., o. commentati, id. R. Am. 
29, 82. 2. contio, Onis, f. (a s. before 
the people, or to troops): he delivered a 
s. to the soldiers, c. ad milites habuit, 
Caes. B. C. 3,13: in the s. to the people 
against Catiline, in c. contra Catilinam, 
Quint. 5, 11, 42. To deliver such a s., 
contionari: v. TOSPEAK (II.). 3, actio 
(a legal s. or pleading) : thus the speeches 
against Verres are called actiones, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 1, 30, 75, etc.: Suet.: Quint. 
Phr.- to make a s., verba facere, Caes. 
B.G. 2,14. to vind up as., finish tt, 
perorare, Cic. |Y, A remark or say- 
ang: 1, verbum: cf. Sall. Jug. 11, 








jin., quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae 


allius... descendit: so, Ter. Kun. 1, 2, 
93, ete. 2. vox (esp. a cry or excla- 
mation): cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 65, 168, nihil 
esse opis in hac voce, civis Romanus 
sum. 8. dictum: v. SAYING. Vv. 
Language used: Phr.: abusive 5., 
maledicta, voces contumeliosae, oppro- 
bria, contumelia verborum: v. ABUSE, 
INSULT, REVILING. 


speechless: i.e. incapacitated (for | 


the time) from spealcing: 
guis, e (rare): Join: 


Io, 22: Liv. 2. miitus (strictly of 
one really dumb): he was struck s., 
mutus (erat) illico, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 27: 
v. DUMB. 8, perb. infans: cf. Hor. S. 
1, 6, 57, infans pudor (bashfulness, ta/e- 
ing away the power of speech). 4, 
stupidus (paralysed by emotion: esp. 
Sear or surprise): they were s. with fear, 
stupidi timore obmutuerunt, Auct. Her. 
4, 52,65. Phr.: Iwas s. (with horror), 
obstupui... et vox faucibus haesit, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 774: cf. ib. 4, 279, Aeneas as- 
pectu obmutuit.... et vox faucibus 
haesit: also expr. by vox deficit (ali- 
quem), Kr. e Curt. 

speed (subs.): ], céléritas: v. 
quickness (IL.). 2. propératio (all 
needful expedition) : festinatio (hurry) : 
vy. HASTE. Phr.: there is need of s. 


1, élin- | 
convincere | 
faliquem) et elinguem reddere, Cic. Fl. | 





prompt expedition), opus est mature 
facto, Sall. Cat. 1: more haste less s., sat 
celeriter fit quidquid fit satis bene, Aug. 
in Suet. Vit. 25: sat cito si sat bene 
(R. and A.): *quod nimis festinatur 
opus saepius retardari solet: with all 
s., confestim. Join: sine ulla mora et 
confestim [rem gerere], Cic, Ph. 5, 12. 
For phr. good s., v. SUCCESS. 
speed (v.): i.e. to render prosperous : 
], sécundo, 1: to s. any one’s course, 
alicui iter s., Prop. : may the gods s. our 
undertakings ! di nostra incepta secun- 
dent, Virg. Aen. 7,259. 2, forttino, 1: 
the gods will s. your plans, di fortuna- 
bunt vostra consilia, Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 175: 
Cic. Ep. For speed = to use s., v. 
HASTEN. 
speedily : cito, célériter,.brévi (tem- 
pore) : V. QUICKLY, SOON. 
speedy: céler, citus, etc.: v. QUICK 
(IV.). Also sometimes expéditus (not 
encumbered with obstacles and so caus- 
ing delay): a s.er path to honours, via 
expeditior ad honores, Cic. Fl. 41, 104. 
speedwell: véronica: Bot. 
spell (subs.): i.e. a charm: carmen, 
vox (rare), incantamentum (rare): v. 
CHARM, INCANTATION. If a@ drug or 
supposed magical ingredient be meant, 
use vénénum: Cic. Or. 37, 129 (quum 
sibi venenis ereptam memoriam diceret) : 
Medea’s dreadful s.s, dira Medeae v., 
Hor. Epod. 5, 62: also, médicamentum, 
PI Ps.3) 218%. 
spell (v.): Phr.: ordinare syllabas 
litterarum, Prisc. (Kr.): *litteras sylla- 
batim efferre (Kr.): to s. out a letter, 
*epistolam vix syllabatim perlegere. 
— -bound: stiipens (with abl.): 
Hor. Od. 2, 13, 33: ef. Virg. Aen. 1, 495, 
dum stupet obtutuque haeret defixus in 
uno. 
spelling: v. TO SPELL. 
—  -book: *sy!labarum liber (?). 
spelt: a ind of corn: j, far, 
farris, n.: poet. often pl.: Virg. G. 1, 
"3: Cato: Ov. 9. ador, Oris and 
dris, n. (rare): Hor. S. 2, 6, 89: Col. 
Called also, adoreum (far): Col.: ef. 
Gesn. lex Rust. (Triticum spelta, Linn.) 
spend: |. To lay out: 1. im- 
pendo, di, sum, 3: fo s. money, labour, 
on anything, pecuniam, operam in ali- 
quam rem i., Cic. Verr. 4, 30, 68: also, 
sumptum impendere [ad incertum ca- 
sum], ib. 3, 98, 227: to s. one’s life for 
one’s country, vitam patriae i., Lucan. 
2. érdgo, 1 (esp. of expenditure of | 
public money: the strict sense being, fo 
ask for a grant: also in ord. sense): | 
to s. money on anything, in aliquam | 
rem pecuniam e., Cic. Fl. 13, imit.: also, | 
in sumptum e., id. Att. 8, 5, fin.: Liv. | 
3, insimo, mpsi, mptum, 3; to & | 








| Ss. 


| mittere (se): 


100 asses a day, in singulos dies centenos 
aeris i., Gell. 2, 24: more fully, in alle 
quam rem sumptum i, Cic. Inv. 2, 38: 
to s. one’s labour in vain, operam frus- 
trai., Liv. 10, 18, eztr.: tos.a few days 
in refitting the fleet, paucos dies re- 
ficlendae classi i, Tac. Also, simply, 
sumo: esp. in phrr. operam s., Ter.: 
laborem s., Caes. (Not absumo, con- 
sumo, in present sense: cf. infr.) 4, 
expr. by sumptus, impensa, and a verb: 
not to s.more than 100 asses On a Supper, 
non amplius in singulas coenas sumptus 
facere quam centenos aeris, Gell. 2, 24 
(cf. supr.exx.): to s. money on anything, 
in aliqua re impensam facere, Cic. Att. 
13, 25. Join: impensam ac sump- 
tum in aliqua re facere, Varr. I]. Zo 
employ or pass time : 1, ago, 3: tos. 
one's life at home, aetatem domi a., Cic, 
Fam. 4, 6: to s. one’s life in literary 
pursuits, aetatem in literis a., id. Leg. 2, 
I, 3. Comps.: (1.) dégo, i, 3 (to 8. 
throughout, to the end): to s. the day in 
merriment, diem in laetitia d, Ter. Ad. 
4, I, 6: so, omne tempus aetatis d., Cia 
Sen. 1, 2: Lucr.: Hor. (2.) transigo, 
égi, actum, 3 (to go through uith: not in 
Cic.): he spent all his youth in the fol- 
lowing pursuits, adolescentiam omnem 
per haec transegit, Suet. Tib. 7: Tac.: 
Sen. G) exigo, 3 (to the end, to com- 
plete): Plin. Ep. 2, tradico, xi, 
ctum, 3: to s. an easy and quiet life, 
otiosam vitam et quietam tr., Cic. Sen. 
23, 82: Tac.: Hor. Less freq. simple 
verb: to s. one’s life in literature, aeta- 
tem in litteris ducere, Cic. Fin. 5,19, 50: 
Hor. 3, téro, contéro, trivi, tum, 
3 (to wear or pass away: often with 
the idea of wasting time): to s. one’s 
leisure in banqueting and carousing, 
otium conviviis comissationibusque 
terere, Liv. 1, 57: Cic.: to s. all one’s 
leisure in study, omne otiosum tempus 
in studiis conterere, Cic. Am. 27, 104: 
to s. one’s whole life in acquiring, om- 
nem aetatem in quaerendo conterere, 
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 15. 4, consiimo, 3 (to 
take up: in quite neutral sense: thus 
differing from tero, coutero): to s. many 
hours in delightful converse, multas 
horas suavissimo sermone c., Cic. Fam. 
II, 27: to s. ten days over anything, x. 
dies in aliqua re c., Caes. B. G. 5,9: to 
two consecutive days in feasting, 
biduum continuum epulando c., Suet. 
Less freq. simple verb: hilarem suma- 
mus (= consumamus) diem (let us s.@ 
merry day), Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 68: and esp. 
with the notion of taking up the time 
of another, absumo : Cic. Quint. 10, init. : 
also = to waste, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 3 (quot 
dies quam frigidis rebus absumpsi !): 
and in Liv., without any accessory idea 
=consumo: cf. 27, 13, ad init.: etc. 
5, impendo, 3 (to devote time, as 
one would lay out money: late): I 
spent the rest of the time in study, reli- 
quum tempus studiis impendi, Plin. Ep, 
6, 20, 1: Tac.: Vell. (spatium aevi im 
aliquod opusi.). Phr.: I would sooner 
s. one day with you .., unum tecum 
diem libentius posuerim. .., Cic. Fam. 5, 
21, init.: to s. one’s leisure with amy 
ome, otio cum aliquo abuti, id. Rep. 1, 9: 
while (this and that is done) a whole 
hour is spent (lost), dum... tota abit 
hora, Hor. S. 1, 5, 14: 0 5. the night 
anywhere, pernoctare alicubi, Cic. Clu 
¥3;0372 Or when the reference is to ¢ 
journey, to make a stage of any place 
simply manere, Hor. 5. 1, 5, 37. and 87: 
I spent three days with him, triduum 
cum eo fui (R. and A.): if=at his 
house, apud eum. II]. 70 exhaust: 
effundo, fidi, fisum, 3: (/ntellus) spent 
his strength upon the air, vires in ven- 
tum effudit, Virg. Aen. 5, 446: cf Cic. 
Fam. 1, 9, 7, odium me effudisse omne 
arbitrabar (J thought I had spent the 
whole force of my hatred): v. TO EX- 
HAUsT. Esp. as verb refl., to s. itself: 
of a force of some kind: perh. ré- 
cf. Cic. Br. 34, 130, Cal- 
vinus .... quum remiserant dolores 
pedum, non deerat in causis: Cels.: as 
the fury of the storm signer spent 
183 


SPENDTHRIFT 





itself, *paullatim se remittente vi tem- 
pestatis (v. To ABATE) or, décédére~ cf. 
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 55, decedet jam ira haec 
(this passion will s. itself) : or use pass. 
of absino, exhaurio, effundo: the force 
of the blow spent itself in the air, ictus 
vis in ventum effusa, cf. Virg. l.c.: the 
blow was ali but spent, *tantum non 
absumptus erat impetus teli (gladii, 
etc.). Phr.: the heated passions of youth 
s. themselves, defervescunt adolescentiae 
cupiditates, Cic. Coel. 18, 43: Ter.: so, 
desaevire (to s. its fury), Lucan 5, 303: 
of passionate grief, suas vires frangere, 
Sen. Cons. Helv. init. 
spendthrift: 1. népos, Otis, m. : 
no less a s. with the patrimony of the R. 
people than with his own, non minus in 
P, R. patrimonio n. quam in suo, Cic. 
Agr. 1, init.: strengthened, perditus ac 
profusus n., id. Quint. 12, 40: Hor, 
2. expr. by adj.: (homo) prodigus, 
profusus: cf. Cic. Off. 2, 16, init.: v. 
LAVISH, EXTRAVAGANT. 3. very 
strong expr. gurges, itis, m. (lit. an 
abyss: applied to such as were perfectly 
reckless in prodigality) : cf. Cic. Pis. 17, 
41, ille gurges atque heluo, natus ab- 
domini suo: Plin. 


spent (part. adj.): Phr.: a s. 


paene (tantum non) effusus est s. de- 
cessit. 

sperm: 1, semen, inis, m.: v. 
SEED. 2, sperma, atis, m. (Gr. o7ep- 
wa): v. rare: Sulp. 

spew: voOmo, 3: v. TO VOMIT. 

sphere: |, Aglobe: 1, sphaera 
(Gr. ogatpa): Cic. Fat. 8, 15: cf. id. 
Tim. 6, (mundus) globosus est fabri- 
catus, quod opatpoedes Graeci vocant. 
(The word sphaeroides is by Vitr. writ- 
ten as Latin: 8, 6.) 9. pure Lat. 
globus: v. GLoBe. Having the form of 
@ s., gldbdsus (v. suwpr.): sphaericus, 
sphaeralis: Macr. ||. Range or pro- 
wince : 1. perh. gyrus (circuit, 
course): cf, Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 70, ora- 
torem... in exiguum sane gyrum com- 
pellitis (you limit him toa very conjined 
S$.) ¢ or, 9. area (an open field): cf. 
Cic. Att. 9, 18, in qua erat area scelerum 
(what a field or s. for crime he had !): 
or, in certain cases, 8. provincla 
(province, task, function): Ter.: v. 
PROVINCE: OTF, 4. fines, ium, m. (the 
limits set about any person or thing, or 
the field [s.] embraced by them): to 
keep within one’s own s., sese suarum 
rerum finibus continere, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 
g2. Phr.: the art (oratory) has a very 
wide s. of operation, late patet, et ad 
multos pertinet, id. de Or. 1, 55, 235. 

spherical: sphaericus, sphaeralis: 
pure Lat. glébdsus: v. SPHERE (I.). 

spheroid: * figura globosa non au- 
tem ad justae sphaerae normam exacta. 
An oblate or prolate s., *sphaera obla- 
tior, prolatior. 

sphinx : sphinx, gis, f.: Suet.: Aus.: 
Gr. gen. sphingos, Stat. Th. 1, 66. 

spice (subs.): J, Lit.: 


pl. aromatis: $.s 
aromata contusa et cribrata, Col. 12, 20, 
med.: Apul. 2. pure Lat. ddodres 
(sing. not in this sense): cf. Tac. A. 16, 
4, corpus differtum odoribus conditur 
embalmed with spices): so Col. 1. c. 
aulo supr.) uses odores = aromata. 
8, also, Sddramenta: Col. 12, 28. 
4, also as gen. terms, medicamina, 
medicamenta (of the same ingredients), 
may be used: cf. Col. IL ce. [ 
Fig.: that which gives a relish to any- 
thing : condimentum: v. SEASONING. 
Il. 4 slight flavouring of: perh. 
gustus, gustiilus: v. TASTE (subs.). Or 
expr. without fig. by nonnihil, aliquan- 
tulum: v. SOMEWHAT. 
spice (v.): condio, 4: to s. wine, 
vinum c., Col. 12, 20. More fully, odo- 
ribus s. aromatis condire: v. preced. 
art. 
spiced : aromatis (odoribus) con- 
litus: or perh. simply, odoratus, Cato, 
113. (Various kinds of &. wine are 
described: Col. 12, 28, sqq.) 
‘ 
84 





1, aro- | 
ma, atis, n. (Gr. apwua): dat. and all, | 
pounded and sifted, | 





SPIN 


spicery: aromata, ddores, 6ddra- 
menta: Vv. SPICE. 

spicy : 1, ddoratus: cf. Sil. 17, 
658, where the epithet is applied to the 
Indi, because of the spices which abound 
in the Indies: ‘Tib. conditus, 
aromatis (odoribus) conditus: v. SPICE, 
and TO SEASON. 3, aromaticus (v. 
rare): in Spart. Hadr. 19, aromatica = 
spices. (Occasionally used fig.: bene 
conditus: conditior.) 

spider; aranea: Virg.: Ov. Dimin. 
araneola: Cic. Less freq. araneus, i, 
m.: Lucr. 3, 383: Plin.: with dimin. 
araneolus: Virg. Cul. 2. Of a@ s., 1e- 
lating to s.s, araneus (adj.): s.s’ webs, 
araneae texta, Plin.: but aranea is also 
used (meton.) for the web ( = araneae 
tela): Pl. Aul. 1, 2 (3), 6. Abounding 
in $.8, or their webs, araneosus. Cat. 

spigot perh. obturamentum: v. 
STOPPER. 

spike (subs.): _ |. An ear of grain, 
etc.: spica: Cic.: Virg. Used ot heads 
of various plants, as garlic, etc.: Cato 
R. R. 70. I]. A kind of large nail or 
pointed iron: 1, clavus (trabalis) : 
Hor. Od. 1, 35, 18: Cic. 2. cuspis, 
idis, f. (the pointed head of a weapon) : 


| poles with tron s.s fastened at the end, 
ball, *globus missilis cnjus impetus | 


asseres cuspidibus praefixi, Caes. B. C. 
22s 

spike (v.): Phr.: to s. a gun, *tor- 
menti spiraculum (?) clavo trabali ob- 
turare: tormentum clavo trabali cor- 
runipere, inutile reddere. 

spikelet: spiciila: dimin. of spica: 
V. SPIKE. 

spikenard: nardus, -um: v. NARD. 
Ointment of s., unguentum nardinum ; 
Plin. 

spiky: spiceus: s. harvest (=of 
ears), s. messis, Virg. G. 1, 314. Spici- 
fer (poet.) = crowned with ears, Sen. 
Trag.: Mart. 

spill (subs.): i.e. a thin slip of 
wood, etc., for lighting anything: perh. 
assiila: Pl. Mere. 1, 2, 20 (assulae= 
splinters). Sometimes igniculus may 
serve (denoting any small fire or spark). 

spill (v.): 1, effundo, fudi, sum, 
3: esp. in phr. sanguinem effundere: v. 
TO SHED. 2. expr. to be spilt, by pér- 
ire, dilabi: to carry a vessel carefully so 
that not a drop be spilt, *vas diligenter 
portare ne qua gutta pereat: we are as 
water spilt upon the ground, quasi aquae 
dilabimur in terram, Vulg. 2 Reg. xiv. 
14: to cry over spilt milk (Prov.), quod 
nefas corrigere est plorare (?). 

spin: 4A, Trans: |. To 
draw out a thread by twisting: 1, 
neo, névi, nétum, 2: to s. threads, fila 
n., Ov.: also subtemen n. (fo s. yarn 
Jor the woof), Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 52: Pl.: 
and stamina n. (do s. the upright warp 
threads), Ov. F. 2, 791: to s. wool with 
the distaff, lanas colo n., Just. 1, 3. 

2. deditco, 3 (to draw out: poet.): 

to s. the thread with light fingers, (lit. 
thumb), levi d. pollice filum, Ov. M. 4, 
36: Cat. Also simple verb: fo s. threads, 
wool, stamina, lanas ducere, Ov. sy 
more elaborate or poet. exprr. are, sta- 
mina pollice versare, Ov, M. 4, 34: sta- 
mina pollice (digitis) torquere, ib. 12, 

"5: a more gen. one, lanas tractare, 
Just. 1, 3. Pbhr.: to s. a web (of 
spiders), telam texere, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 
48, 123, in araneolis aliae quasi rete 
texunt: v. TO WEAVE. I]. Zo draw 
out to a great length: dico, 3 (less col- 
loq. than Eng.: to lengthen out): v. To 
PROLONG. Or expr. by longus: Phr.: 
not to s. the matter out, ne longum sit, 
Cic. Cat. 3, 5, init.: ne longum faciam, 
Hor. S. 1, 3,137: don’t s. the matter out, 
ne longus fias, noli longus esse: Vv. LONG, 
TEDIOUS. |], Zo cause to turn rapidly 
round : 1, verso, 1: to s. a top, 
turbinem v., ‘Tib. I, 5, 4: V. TO TURN. 

2. perh. torqueo, 2: v. TO TWIST, 

(Virg. Aen. 7, 380, has turbinem exer- 
cere, of s.ing a top: but the expr. is too 
vague for prose.) B, Intrans.: |, 
To be engaged in drawing out threads : 
use neo, 2, with object expressed: v. 
supr. (1.). fl, Zo turn round and 





SPL RIE 





round : 1, versor, 1: to s. rownd like 
a top, in turbinem yv., Sen. Ir. 3, 6, 1: 
Cic.: v. TO REVOLVE, 2. circumagor, 
3: (cf. Tib. 1, 5, 3, namque agor, ut per 
plana citus sola verbere turben). 3. 
circumféror, 3, irr.: (ef. Virg. Aen. 4, 
380, ille [turbo] actus habena... fer- 
tur). . VOlito, 1: ib. 378. 

spinach; *Spinacea oleracea: Linn. 

spinal: expr. by spina, vertebrae: 
v. SPINE. (N.B.—Not spinalis.) 

spindle: fisus: Virg.: Ov. Phr.: 
the s. side, expr. by feminae or mulieres : 
muliebre secus: Vv. FEMALE. 

— -shanks: *qui praelonga ac 
praetenuia crura habet. 

spine: |. The vertebral column, 
spina: Cels. 8, 1, med.: Plin. The 
joints of the s., vertebrae, ib. (spina 
constat ex vertebris xxiv.): called also 
spondyli, Plin. 29, 4, 20 (where the sing. 
occurs). ||, A shurp thorn or prickle: 
spina : V. THORN, PRICKLE. 
| Spinner : expr. by verb: v. TO SPIN 


spinning (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
TO SPIN (I.). Alse meton. stamen, inis, 
n.: I beguiled sleep by s., fallebam sta- 
mine somnum, Prop. 1, 3, 41. Phr.: to 
earn a living by s., *colo fusoque vic- 
tum quaeritare: staminibus ducendis 
quaestum facere. 

— wheel: *rota ad fila (stamina) 
deducenda. 

spinosity: fig. of argument or style, 
spinosum disserendi (orationis] genus. 

spinous: spinosus: v. THORNY. 

spinster: virgo: quae nondum viro 
nupsit: innupta: v. MAID, UNMAKRIED, 

spiracle : spiramentum, spiractilum: 
V. PORE. 

spiral (adj.): 1. spirae s. coch- 
leae formam habens (spira denotes any 
kind of twist or coil: cochlea, the form 
of a snail-shell or screw): so, to wind 
in a s. direction, in cochleam serpere, 
Cels. 8, Io, 1. 9. less precisely: in- 
volutus, convélitus, intortus, rétortus, 
tortilis: they form s. channels, involutos 
faciunt canales [et justam cochleae 
naturalemque imitationem], Vitr. 10, 6 
(11), 2: (shells) with a s. top, vertice 
muricatim (like the shell of the murez) 
intorto, Plin. 9, 33, 52: @ Ss. or winding 
cave, specus in cochleam retortus, Col. 
8, 17, imit.: a s. horn, buccina tortilis, 
Ov. Met. 1, 336 (where is added an exact 
description of an expanding s. form, in 
latum quae turbine crescit ab imo), 
(N.B.—Spiralis is without authority: 
Forcell. gives the foll. definition of a s. 
line, linea flexuosa quae orbes facit non 
redeuntes in se: 8. V. spira.) 

spiral (subs.): 1, cochlea, spira: 
v. preced. art. 9. involitio: Vitr. 
10, 6 (11), 3. 

spire: |. A coil: spira, orbis: v. 
COIL. ll. Of @ church, etc.: perh. 
turris genus quae meta in fastigium 
convoluta exsurgit: cf. Plin. 16, 33, 60 
(where the description is of a kind of 
tapering cypress): *culmen undique 
acute fastigatum: in acutum excelsum- 
que fastigium eductum (qualis Anglice 
spira dicitur}. 

spirit: |. Orig. sense: the breath: 
Spiritus, is: Vv. BREATH. I]. Ant- 
mating principle: 1, anima (vitat 
principle; in man or in brutes): v- 
SOUL. 2. spiritus (not class. in this 
sense): Vulg. Eccl. iii. 21: et pass. 
(= Gr. rvedua). See also souL. ill. 
Intelligence apart from body ; an imma- 
terial being, human or otherwise : i 
mens, ntis, f.: God ts a pure s., Deus est 
mens soluta quaedam et libera [segre- 
gata ab omni concretione mortali], Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 27, 66: the stars are animated 
by divine s.s, stellae divinis m. animatae 
sunt, id. Rep. 6, 15, med. 9. spiritus 
(not class. in this sense); God is @ s., 
s. est Deus, Vulg. Joh. iv. 24: the Holy S., 
Sanctus S., ib. pass. 8. anima: Virg. 
Aen. 6, 713: Vv. SOUL. IV. Esp. in pl., 
the dead as living in another state ; dis- 
embodied spirits : 1, animae: the s.s 
of the blest, piae a., Hor. Od. 1, 10, 17: 
Virg. 2, manes, ium, m. (used both 

















SP ERLe 


of the departed spirit of an individual 
and of the community of spirits): v. 
sHaDE(IV.). The world of s.s, inféri, 
orum; later, Orcus: v. SHADE (V.). VY. 
As syn. for mind or soul, but usu. with 
a somewhat higher conception: 1, ani- 
mus: a lofty s., animus excelsus magni- 
ficusque, Cic. Off. 1, 23, init.: a magnus 
elatusque, ib. 1, 18, 61. cf. Sall. Cat. 5, 
a. vastus, an unbounded (ambitious) s. : 
V. MIND, SOUL. 2. ingénium: a lofty 
and elevated s., sublime et erectum i., 
Tac. Agr. 4: so, i. excelsum, Plin. Ep. 
Vi. Vivacity and energy of mind: 

1, animus: our men are imbued 
with fresh s., nostris augetur animus, 
Caes. B.G. 7, 70: be of good s. (courage), 
ades animo! Cic. Rep. 6, 10: also pl. : 
ag goddess) imparts s., animos dat, 
. M. 5,47. Hence, full of s., animdsus 
(whether of men or animals): Cic.: 
Ov.: v. SPIRITED. 2. spiritus, iis 
(high s.): a man of immense s. (with 
the accessory idea of pride and ambi- 
tion), ingentis s. vir, Liv. 21, 1: esp. pl., 
of an overbearing and arrogant s.: 








Cic. Clu. 39, 109 (Noratis animos ejus ac 
s. tribunicios): Liv. 8. vis, vigor: v. 
VIGOUR, ENERGY. Lacking s.: ignavus: 
V. SPIRITLESS, COWARDLY. Phr.: lam 
in wonderful s.s for fighting, sum mira 
alacritate ad pugnandim, Cic. Att. 2, 7. 
yu. Animation and energy of style: 

. Vigor (appy. not in Cic.): Join: 
quantum vigoris, quantum animi [in illo 
libro], Sen. Ep.64, 2. 2, animus (late 
in this use): plenty of thought and of s. 
(in an orator), et consilii et animi satis, 
Quint. 10, 1, mrt: cf. Sen. 1. c. 3. 
nervi, orum (sinew, i. e. force and 
energy: a stronger term than Eng.): 
ef. Cic. Or. 19, 62, horum oratio neque 
nervos neque aculeos ( pungency) orato- 
rios ac forenses habet. 4, very oft. expr. 
by adj.: full of spirit, acer, vehemens, 
animosus; V.SPIRITED. Lacking s., fri- 
gidus, lentus: v. FLAT, DULL, SPIRITLEss. 
VIII. Zemper or disposition: 1, in- 
génium, indéles (both denoting natural, 
and so permanent character): a manly 
s., ingenium virile, Sall. C. 20: @ vir- 
tuous s., virtutis indoles, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 
16: V. DISPOSITION, TEMPER, MIND. : 
animus (attitude of mind at any given 
time): you ought to display this s. to- 
wards me, hoc a. in nos esse debebis, 





Cic. Fam. 2, 1, extr.: animated by a 
friendly s. towards the R. people, bono 
a. in P. R., Caes. B.G. 1, 6: Suet. So 
animatus (influenced by a certain s.): 
entertaining a bad s. (disaffected) to- 
wards, male animatus erga ...., Suet. 
Vit. 7: so, bene animatus, Nep. Cim. 2. 
3. stiidium (strong or eager bent of 
mind): a warlike s., s. bellicae gloriae, 
Cic. Off. 1,18, 61: the s. of inquiry after 
truth, s. ad investigandam veritatem in- 
citatum, id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68: a revolu- 
tionary s., novandi s. rerum novarum s. 
(cupiditas): v. RevoLuTion (III.). 4, 
mens (both of permanent and temporary 
features of mind): a virtuous s., m. 
bona, Liv. 39, 16, med.: Ter.: the s. of 
(prevailing in) the armies, m. exer- 
cituum, Tac. H. 1, 4. 5. often such 
phrr. as a kindly s., a hostile s., may be 
expr. by a single word: v. KINDNESS, 
HOSTILITY, etc. IX. Peculiar or pre- 
vailing sentiment and complexion ; esp. 
of an age oranation: 1, perh. ratio: 
ef. Cic. Verr. 5, 69, 177, Tatio atque in- 
clinatio temporum (the s. and tendency 
of the age): the s. of the oratory of each 
age, cujusque aetatis dicendi ratio vo- 
luntasque, id. de Or. 2, 22, 92. 9. 
mores: since the s. of the age inclines 
to ...., quum hi mores ad.... incu- 
buerint, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3: so, quum ita 
se mores habent, Sall. Cat. 52, med. 
8. séctilum (fashion or s. of the 
age; in unfavourable sense): cf. Tac. 
Ger., nec corrumpere et corrumpi secu- 
tum vocatur: also Pl. Trin. 2, 2, 7, novi 
ego hoc s. quibus moribus siet. Phr.: 
he exercised office in the same s. in 
which he had sought it, quibus artibus 
sasha magistratus, iisdem gerebat, 
Vv. 1, 33. (See Niigels. Stil. § 67, 2.) 





SPIRITUAL 


X. Intention; as distinguished 
Srom mere verbal expression : 1, v- 
luntas : whether to abide by the letter or 
s. of laws, verbis legum an voluntate 
standum sit, Quint. 7, 10,6: Cic. Join: 
voluntas et sententia (legis), Cic. Verr. 
3, 84, 193: voluntas et consilium et sen- 
tentia (interdicti), id. Caec. 18, 50. 
consilium (intention): Cic. Caec. 1. ¢.: 
cf. ib. paulo infr., ad verba rem de- 
flectere, consilium autem eorum qui 
scripserunt relinquere (to sacrifice the 
spirit to the letter). 3, sententia 
(meaning): like consilium, may be 


strengthened by a synonym: v. supr. | 


Phr.: to obey the letter or the s. of @ 
command, ad verba obedire, ad id quod 
ex verbis intelligitur obtemperare, Cic. 
Caec. 18, 52: not to translate literally, 
but to give the s. of an author, *non 
verbum verbo reddere sed mentem sen- 
tentiamque scriptoris referre; *potius 
ex mente scriptoris quam ex verbis inter- 
pretari. XI. Meton., a person, as 
marked by certain intellectual qualities : 
ingénium : cf. Tac. Agr. 2, monumenta 
clarissimorum ingeniorum (of those 
illustrious spirits): also Sall. Cat. 8, 
scriptorum magna ingenia. Phr.: @ 
choice s., *singulari virtute atque in- 
genio vir: eximiae mentis indolis homo: 
a generous s., * vir generosus ac liberalis 
(Vv. GENEROUS): a beautiful s., *venus- 
tissimi candidissimique ingenii homo. 
XI. Pheol., the renewed nature of 

man: spiritus: Vulg. Xi. Chem., 
a distilled fluid: spiritus: used as 
scient. t.¢.: also liquor (tenuissimus, 
nobilissimus, efficacissimus): Bauer in 
Kr. 

spirited: 1, animosus (full of 
life and energy ; of horses, mett/esome) : 
the s. Acctus, animosi oris Accius, Hor. : 
Varr.: Cic. Join: fortis et animosus, 
Cic.: animosus atque fortis, Hor. See 
also METTLESOME.  Q, générosus (high- 
bred, high-spirited): a s. and power/ul 
king, rex g. et potens, Cic. Off. 3, 22, 86. 
More fully, generosi spiritus (gen. of 
quality), high-s.: Plin. 8, 40, 61. 3. 
acer, cris, cre (rather stronger than Eng. : 
Sull of energy and vigour : eager, brave, 
Jierce): a most s. champion, acerrimus 
defensor, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 1: @ S. horse, 
a. equus, Virg. Aen. 4, 156: Vv. EAGER, 
FIERCE. 4, alicer, cris, cre (weaker 
than preced. and than Eng.: brisk, 
lively): Caes. B. G. 3, 24 (alacriores 
ad pugnandum): see also CHEERFUL, 
ACTIVE. 

spiritedly : 1, Aanimosé (cowra- 
geously): Join: animose et fortiter, 
Cic. Q. acriter (keenly, vigorously) : 
Caes.: Cic. 3, alacriter (briskly): 
Amm. (Or by circuml., acri or alacri 
animo: v. SPIRITED.) 

spiritless: 1. ignavus (lacking 
courage or energy): bees s. with hunger 
(apes) fame ignavae, Virg. G. 4, 259: 
s. and feeble, i. et imbecillus, Cic. Rep. 
I, 32: Vv. COWARDLY, SLOTHFOL. Dy 
piger, gra, grum (slow, inactive): s. look, 
p. vultus, Mart. 2, 11. Join: piger 
tristisque, Apul. 3, imbellis (wnwar- 
like): Join: ignavus et imbellis, Liv. ; 
timidus et imbellis, Quint. 4, by phr., 
imbecillus animo, Cic. Am. 19, 70: animo 
demisso atque humili, id. Font. 11, 23: 
animo abjecto fractoque, cf. id. Am. 16, 
59. See also DULL, FLAT. 

spiritlessly: 1. ignave (for syn. 
v. adj.): to crop the herbage s., (of ail- 
ing cattle), i. carpere herbas, Virg. G. 
3, 465: with ref. to style, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 
67 (= tamely, without life or expressive- 
ness). 2, abjecté (im a despairing, 
unmanly way): Join: abjecte, timide 
ignave, Cic. Tuse. 2, 23, 55- 3. fr- 
gidé (esp. of style, flatly, tamely): 
Quint.: Gell. 4, expr. by circuml. 
parum acriter s. alacriter: haud (parum) 
alacri animo, etc.: V. SPIRITED, SPIRIT- 
EDLY. 

spiritlessness ; animus abjectus, 
(nimis) demissus atque bumilis: igna- 
via: Vv. SPIRITLESS, 

sviritual: |. Incorporeal : cor- 
poris expers: ab oa corpore sejunctus, 

3E 








SPITE 





etc.: Vv. IMMATERIAL. Phr.: s. beings, 
animi per se ipsos viventes, Cic. Tusc, 
x, 16, 37. ||. Relating to the spirit or 
mind: expr. by animus, mens: bodily 
and s. goods, corporis animique bona 
s. pleasures, voluptates ab animo pro- 
fectae, animi voluptas, Kr. (e Cic.) 
(N.B.—Spiritualis or spiritalis is com- 
mon in eccl. writers, and may be neces- 
sary for theol. writing: cf. Vulg. 1 Cor 
ii. 15, spiritualis autem judicat omnia 
Gr. mvevpatiKos.) II]. Not secular : 
ecclésiasticus, sacer: sometimes cléric- 
US: V. ECCLESIASTICAL, CLEKICAL. 

spiritualism : *spiritualismus (qui 
dicitur). 

se fo * spiritualis (qui dici- 
tur). 

spirituality ; no exact word: perh. 
*animus spiritualis, ingenium spirituale: 
sometimes animus excelsus, qui celsa s. 
coelestia spectat (sapit): animus coe- 
lestibus rebus imbutus, 

spiritually ; animo, mente: v. MINb. 
Later (perb. needed for theol. writing), 
Spiritualiter: Vulg. 1 Cor, ii. 14. 


spiritualty : clérus, clérici: v. 
CLERGY. 
spit (subs.): |. For roasting: 


], véru, ts: Virg.: Ov. Rarely, 
vérum: Pl. Q, cuspis, idis, f.: Mart. 
Il. Of land: lingua: Liv. 44, 11. 
spit (v.): |. To run a s. through: 
hr.: veru figere (transfigere), Virg. 


Aen. 1,212. See also, TO PIERCE, TRANS- 
FIX. [J]. Zo eject (saliva) from the 
mouth : 1, spuo, i, titum, 3 (both 


intrans. and trans.): to s. into one’s 
bosom, in sinum s., Plin. 28, 4,9: lo s. 
dirt from the mouth, terram ore s., Virg. 
G. 4,97. Comps.: (1.) exspuo, 3 (fo s. 
out): to s. into one’s hand (intrans.), ex. 
in mediam manum, Plin. |. c.: to s. blood, 
Sanguinem e., id. 35, 16, 53. Fig.: & 
reject with loathing: Cat. (2.) inspuo, 
3 (to s. on or upon): foll. by in and 
ace.: to s. in any one’s face, in faciem 
alicujus salivam i., Sen. Ir. 3, 38: also 
with dat. of indirect. obj., ib.: Plin. 
(3.) adspuo, 3 (=inspuo; rare): Plin. 
(4.) conspuo, 3 (to be-spit: trans.) : Hor. 
S. 2,5, 41. Esp. to s. upon contemptu- 
ously: Petr. (in this sense also freq. 
consputo, 1: Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3.) (5.) de- 
spuo, 3 (to s. away): esp. of s.ing by 
way of charm: to avert epilepsy by 
s.ing, comitialem morbum d., Plin. 28, 
coup 2. spiito, 1 (freq. of spuo): & 
s. blood, sanguinem s., Pl. Mere. 1, 2, 30. 
Comps.: insputo, 1 (to s. in), Pl.: con- 
sputo, 1: v. supr. 1. 3. exscreo, I 
(to cough out, clearing the throat): to s. 
phlegm or blood, pituitam, sanguinem 
ex., Cels. 4,6. Also intrans.: Suet. Ner. 
. 4, expr. by spitum, saliva, with 
a verb: e.g. sputum edere, Cels. 2, 8, 
med.: s. ejicere, id. (Kr.): lo s. into any 
one’s bosom, in sinum alicujus sputa 
mittere, Mart. 2, 26: to s in any 
one’s face, os alicujus sputo respergere, 
Val. Max. 5, 1, extr. 2. (N.B—Not 
salivare, which is to emit a mucus, as 
snails, etc.) 
spital: Vv. HOSPITAL. : 
spite (subs.): 1, livor (jealous, 
rancorous feeling): Join: malevo- 
lentia et livor, D. Brut. in Cic. Fam. 11, 10: 
eo et malignitas, Suet. Cal. 34: Tac 
v.: Vv. JEALOUSY. (Appy. not used by 
Cic.) 2, malévolentia (the disposition 
to wish ill to another): calumny and s., 
obtrectatio et malevolentia, Cic. Q. Fr. 
I,1,15. Join: m. atque invidia, Sall. 
C. 3. 3, obtrectatio (il-natured dis- 
paragement): V. SLANDER, 4, mal- 
ignitas (that evil and malicious dis- 
position in which jealousy and & are 


Sounded : livor being more directly per- 


sonal): s. wears a mask of frankness, 
malignitati falsa species libertatis inest, 
Tac. H. 1, 1: venomous s., Mm. multo 
tincta veneno, Sen. B. V. 18: cf. supr. 
(1). 5, also ddium may sometimes 
serve: Vv. HATRED. (Simultas= feud: 
estranged and bitter feeling.) Phr.- 
in s. of : no exact word or pbr.: usu, 
expr. by verb: Hercules, in s. of all the 
allurements of pleasure, etc., Hercules, 
785 


SPITE 


SPLUTTER 


SPONTANEITY 





omnibus voluptatum illecebris con- 
temptis, etc., Kr. (not quanquam with 
part as Kr.): they were slain in s. of 
the intercession of their fellow-citizens, 
*civibus nequicquam (pro iis) deprecan- 
tibus interfecti sunt: or, quum cives 
summo studio pro iis deprecarentur, 
etc.: in s. of the inferiority of his forces 
he gained the victory, * militum numero 
inferior tamen victor proelio excessit : 
or, quum... esset, tamen, etc.: he re- 
tains his opinion in s. of all contrary 
arguments, * contemptis, neglectis, om- 
nibus adversarii rationibus, in sua per- 
severat sententia (R. and A.): some- 


times perh. per may serve: im s. of 


dangers, enemies, missiles, per pericula, 
per hostes, per tela, cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 
358. See also ALTHOUGH, NOTWITH- 
STANDING. 

spite (v.): by circuml. malevolentia 
s. malignitate in aliquem uti, etc.: v. 
SPITE, subs. 

spiteful : 1. malévolus (not 
quite so strong as Eng.): Cic.: v. ILL- 
DISPOSED. 2, lividus (full of ran- 
corous, jealous feeling): s. tongue, 1. 
lingua, Ov. F. 1, 74: Hor. Comp. Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 12, where the invidi et male- 
voli et lividi, are grouped together. 

3. malignus (most comprehensive 

term): the most &. people, malignissima 
capita, Sen. V. B. 18. 4. infestus 
(bitterly hostile, but not involving the 
idea of maliciousness): perh. the full 
sense of Eng. may be best expr. by 
joining, infestus malevolusque : infestus 
malignusque, etc. 

spitefully : malévolé, maligné, in- 
festé: malevolo infestoque animo: in- 
festissimo iniquissimoque animo, etc. : 
V. SPITEFUL. 

spitefulness: V- SPITE. 

spittle: 1, sputum (saliva actu- 
ally spit out): Cels. 2,8: oft. pl.: Mart. 
2, 26: Lucr. 9. oris excrémentum: 
Tac. H. 4,81. See also SALIVA. (Spu- 
tamentum, v. late.) 

spittoon : “vas ad excrementa oris 
excipienda, (Perh. sputarium, for bre- 
vity. 

a, (v.): aspergo, si, sum, 3 (with 
acc. and abl. or acc. and dat.): s’d with 
rain ané@ mud, imbre lutoque aspersus, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 11. 


splash-board: *tabula ad asper- | 


zinem excipiendam. 
splay: v. TO DISLOCATE. 
splay-footed: cujus pedum digiti 
disploduntur, divaricant: cf. Varr. R. R. 
2, 5, ad med. (Varicus, Ov. A. A. 3, 
304 = straddling.) 
spleen: |. Lit: 1, lién, Enis: 
also liénis, is, m.: Cels. 4, 9 (where nom. 
lienis occurs): also pl., without diff. of 
meaning, Cato, R. R. 157. 2. spleén, 
énis, m. (Gr. orAyjv): Col.: Plin. Il. 
Fig.: vexation, mortification: nearest 
word, stémachus (tl-temper): to vent 
one’s Ss. on any one, Ss. in aliquem erum- 
pere, Cic. Att. 16, 3: owt of s., bile et 
stomacho, Suet. Tib. 59, jin. (Never 
splen or lien in this sense.) 
splendid: |. In proper sense: 
1, splendidus (resplendent, making 
@ great show): s. achievements, s. facta, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 237 (but see infr. 4): s. 
geniuses, s. ingenia, Cic. de Off. 1, 8, 26. 
2. Eminens, ntis (striking, stand- 
ting out from the rest): s. eloquence, e. 
eloquentia, Tac. Dial. 25: s. passages (in 
@ poem), eminentia, Quint. (R. and A.). 
8, lautus (of furniture, entertain- 
ments, etc.): s. furniture, 1. supellex, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 36,165: a very s. [sumptu- 
ous) entertainment, lautissima coena, 
Plin. Ep. 9, 17. Join: magnificus et 
lautus, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, fin. 4, am- 
plus (on a large, grand scale, magni- 
ficent, distinguished): no shows more Ss. 
or more popular, nullum munus amplius 
aut gratius P. Romano, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
5, extr.: a very s.mansion, perh. domus 
amplissima atque ornatissima (domus 
ampla, simply @ spacious, fine house) : 
5. achievements, amplissimae res gestae, 
Cic. Att. 8, 9 5, magnificus: v. 
MAGNIFICENT, ||, Collog., excellent : 
786 





insignis: cf. Phaedr. 1, 11, 14: prae- 
clarus: v. FINE, EXCELLENT. 
splendidly : |. With splendour 
and distinction : 1. splendideé : 
Join: magnitice splendideque [con- 
vivium ornare], Cic. 2. magnificé : 
V. MAGNIFICENTLY. 3, lauté (in good 
style) : Cic.: Nep. |]. Collog., excel- 
lently: praeclare, insigniter, optimé: v. 
EXCELLENTLY, ADMIRABLY, etc. 
splendour: |, Orig. sense, bril- 
liancy: splendor, nitor: v. BRILLIANCY. 
I]. Fig.: magnificence, distin- 
guished nature of anything: ie 
splendor: s. of house and living, s. 
domus victusque, Gell. 1,14: s. of the 
empire, s. imperii, Cic. Man. 14, 41. 
Join: gloria splendorque: splendor et 
amplitudo, Cic. 2. magnificentia : 
Vv. MAGNIFICENCE. 3, lautitia (of 
style of living): Cic. Fam. 9, 16, fin.: 
oft. pl.: fond of elegance and s., mundi- 
tiarum lautitiarumque studiosus, Suet. 
Caes. 46. 4. fulgor (esp. of fame: 
poet. and late): s. of name and fame, 
nominis famaeque f., Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 39: 
so, gloriae f., Val. Max.: claritatis f., 
Quint.: Hor. 5, cultus, tis (s. of dress 
and equipage) : requiring some qualify- 
ing word or adjunct: s. of a triwmph, 
c. triumphi, Vell. 2, 129: royal s., regius 
cultus, Nep. 6. nitor (great beauty 
and elegance): s. of description, n. et 
cultus descriptionum, Tac. Or. 20. See 
also LUSTRE, RENOWN, GLORY. 
splenetic: |. Lit.: li€ndsus, 
splénicus: Plin.: splénéticus, Apul. 
Il. Fig.: perh. amarus (cf. Cic. 
Att. 14, 21, senectus amariorem me 
facit), mOrdsus, stOmachOsus: v. PEEV- 
ISH, IRRITABLE. 
splice: jungo, connecto, etc.: v. To 
JOIN. 
splint: |. Broken piece of bone: 
fragmentum (ossis): Cels. . mn 
surgery : 1. fértla. to fit ss (to a 
broken limb), ferulas accommodare et 
circumponere, ib.: imponere, ib. § 2. 
2. canalis, is, m. (a tubular s.: 
whereas the ferulae were thin boards 
put round the limb): to put a leg into 
a (tubular) s., crus in canalem conjicere, 
ib. 8, 10, 5. Also, Canaliculus (strictly 
dimin.): ib. 
splinter (subs.): 1, assiila: to 
knock a door to s.s, foribus facere assu- 
las, Pl. Mere. 1, 2, 19: s.s of marble 
(such as workmen throw off), a. mar- 
moreae, Vicr. 7, 6. Hence adv. assula- 
tim, im s.s (in shivers), Pl.: assulose, 
Plin. 2. fragmentum: s. of a bone, 
f. ossis, Cels. 8, Io, 1. 3, caementum 
(chipping : usu. pl.): Vitr. 1. c. (c. mar- 
morea). 
splinter (v.) : *assulatim findo, con- 
fringo: v. SPLINTER, subs. 
splintery: qui assulose frangitur: 
Plin. 12, 22, 48. 
split (v.): |. Trans.: findo, 
fidi, ssum, 3: Virg.: Ov. Comp. dil- 
findo (s. asunder): to s. a vine right 
through the pith, vitem mediam per 
medullam d., Cato, R. R. 41: Cie. Hor. 
Sometimes perfringo, perrumpo, may 
be precise enough: Vv. TO BREAK 
THROUGH, BURST. II. Intrans.: 
1. expr. by findo, diffindo, either 
with pron. refl., or as refl. pass.: to s. 
in two, in duas partes findi, Ov. M. 4, 
586: cf. also Hor. S. 1, 8, 47. 2. dis- 
silio, ui, 4 (to fly asunder) : rocks s. with 
heat, d. saxa vapore, Lucr. 1, 491: Plin. 
Phr.: to s. on @ rock, usu. fig.: perh. 
naufragium facere, pessumdari: v. SHIP- 
WRECK, RUIN. 
split (subs.): fissira: Col. Also 
sometimes (esp. in augury, of a divided 
liver), fissum : Cic. 
split (part. adj.): 1, fissus 
(cloven): Lucr.. Suet. 9. fissilis, e 
(usu. = that may be cloven): Col. 9, 1, 
ad init. Comicé: to have one’s head s., 
fissile caput habere, Pl. Aul. 3, 2, 26. 
3. bisulcus (cloven): Virg. 
splutter (v.): i.e. to speak hastily 
and confusedly: nearest word, balbu- 
tire: v. TO STAMMER. More precisely, 
balba ac perturbata voce loqui:. voce 
f 


|non explanabili sed balbutienti et per< 
turbata et verborum inefficaci uti: cz 
Sen. Ir. 1, 3, 5. 

spoil (subs.): 1. spélium: usu. 
pl. (strictly, armour stripped from a 
conquered foe): the s.s of the slain 
general, s. ducis caesi, Liv. 1, 10: te 
tear off the gory s.s, cruenta s. detrahere, 
Cic. R. Am, 50, 146. In wider sense - 
naval s.s (i.e. rostra), navalia s., Suet 
Aug. 18: and used of standards, trophies. 
etc. Fig.: to increase our wealth from 
the s.s of others, spoliis aliorum opes 
augere, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 22. 2. exiiviae 
arum (armour stripped from the per- 
son: chiefly poet.) Virg. Aen. 2, 295. 
So ex, nauticae, Cic. Man. 18, 55. 3 
praeda (booty): Vv. PLUNDER. 

spoil (v.): A. Trans. : |. Te 
plunder, strip by violence : 1. spélio, 
I; usu. with acc. and abl. or acc. alone: 
to s. temples, houses, cities, fana, do- 
mos, urbes s., Caes.: Cic.: v. TO PLUN- 
DER. Strengthened, exspdlio, 1: Cic.: 
Sall. 2, praedor, 1: Vv. TO PLUNDER. 

Il. Yo mar, injure, destroy: itt 

corrumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3 (to break up 
and make an end of : most gen. term): 
to s. the springs (by choking them up, 
etc.), aquarum fontes c., Sall. Jug. 55: 
to s. fine opportunities, magnas oppor- 
tunitates ¢., Sall. Cat. 43: Caes.: esp. as 
pass. refl., v. infr. (B.). 2. perdo, 3. 
Vv. TO DESTROY, RUIN. 3, vitio. 1 @ 
make faulty, cause a flaw in). to s.a 
tool in work, ferramentum in opere v., 
Col. 11, 1, med. : (the stream) is s/d by 
briny salts, salibus vitiatur amarts, Ov. 
M. 15, 286. 4, dépravo, 1 (to worsen, 
deteriorate: but not with ref. to material 
things): V. TO PERVERT. Seealso wnfr. 
(IL). — [|], With ref. to character, to 
corrupt by indulgence : 1, dépravo 
1: Cic. Att. 10, 4 (puerum indulgentia 
d.): Caes. 2, corrumpo, 3: Ter. Ad. 
I, 2, 17: V. TO CORRUPT. 3, perdo, 
3: Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 36. more fully, mores 
liberorum perdere, Quint. 1, 2, 6. If 
nothing more than the act of over indul- 
gence be meant, use nimium indulgere, 
cf. Ter. 1. c.: nimis molliter educare: 
molliore educationis ratione uti, cf. 
Quint. 1, 2, 6. (Indulgere does not of 
itself imply excess.) B, Intrans.: 
corrumpor, 3: Z must take care these 
(fish) don’t s., hi mihi ne corrumpantur 
cautio est, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 67: so, pran- 
dium c., ib. 4, 2, 49. 

spoiler: spoliator: Cic.: Liv. 

spoke: radius: Virg.: Ov. 

spokesman: 1, orator; Caes. 
B.G. 4, 29: Liv. 1, 32, med. (neatly = 
legatus). 2. interpres, tis, c. (go- 
between): (Mercury) the s. of the gods, 
divum i., Virg. Aen. 4, 378. If the sense 
is simply one speakiny on the part of 
others who are present, expr. by verba 
facere pro...: V. TO SPEAK. 

spoliation: spdliatio: Cic.: Liv. 
See also PILLAGE, PLUNDER, PECULA- 
TION. 

spondaic: spondaicus: Diom. 

spondee: spondéus (Gr. ozrovédetos) : 





Cic.: Hor. 
sponge (subs.): 1, spongia: Piin.: 
ucr. To wipe with a &., spongiare, 


-izare, Apic. (Better, spongia deter- 
gere, abstergere: Vv. TO WIPE.) 2 
penicillus (@ soft kind of s. used for 
medical purposes): Plin. 31, 11, 47 
(mollissimum genus earum penzcilli). 
sponge (v.): |. To wipe out: v. 
preced. art. I]. Zo impose upon 
hospitality ; se inferre atque intrudere, 
etc.: Vv. TO INTRUDE. More precisely, 
*invocatum se apud alterum invitare 
ibique manere. 
-cake : 
(quae appellatur). 
sponginess : *spongidsa natura: na- 
tura qualis est spongiarum. 
spongy: spongiosus: Cels.: Plin. 
sponsor: in baptism, sponsor: Tert. 
de Bapt. : 
sponsorship: expr. by sponsor. 
spontaneity: i.e. the quality of 
acting without solicitation: expr. by 
sponte, and similar words: to possess $. 





*placenta spongiosa 








SPONTANEOUS 





SPREAD 





of motion, ex se sponte moveri, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 12, 32: still more emphati- 
cally, motu interiore cieri et suo, id. 
Tusc. 1, 23, 54: or simply, a se (ipso) 
moveri, se ipsum movere, ib.: they teach 
the s. of the human will, *hominis vo- 
luntatem proprio suo impulsu cieri 
(moveri, ferri) docent. 
spontaneous: 1, expr. by (sua) 
sponte: v. SPONTANEOUSLY. 2. vo- 
luntarius: the wniverse has all its move- 
ments s., natura mundi omnes motus 
habet v., Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58: cf. ib. 16, 
44: of a plant of s. growth (“wild”), 
Plin. 20, 22, go. 3. spontaneus 
(proceeding from free-will: late, and 
to be avoided): s. (voluntary) motion, 
s. motus, Sen. Ep. 121, 7: Macr. 4. 
ultroneus (unbidden, without waiting 
or solicitation: late and rare): Sen. 
hr.: they teach the doctrine of s. 
generation, *materiam proprio suo 
instinctu animari docent: animalia 
quaedam sua sponte nasci docent, nec 
vi creatrice opus esse ut gignantur. 
spontaneously : 1, sua sponte: 
other (trees) come up s., aliae (nullis 
hominum cogentibus] ipsae s. sua ve- 
niunt, Virg. G. 2, I1: so, sua s., Opp. 
alieno impulsu, Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32. 
 N.B.—In prose, usu. sua sponte rather 
than sponte sua: cf. L. G. § 673.) 
9. voluntate: Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 44 
(opp. vi): Join: sua sponte et volun- 
tate, id. Part. 37, fin. 3. expr. by 
modal abl., e. g. motu interiore, suo 
impulsu, etc.: cf. SPONTANEITY. 4. 
ultro (unsolicited, without waiting for 
some beginning from the other side): 
Vv. VOLUNTARILY. 
spool: perh. fiisus: v. REEL. 
spoon: cochlear, aris, n. (also, less 
freq., cochleare, cochlearium): Cels. 6, 
14: Plin. (N.B—The cochlear was 
used in eating eggs and snails: the one 
end, acc. to Forcell., being s..shaped and 
the other pointed: cf. Mart. 14, 121, 
lemma cochleare: the ligula was larger, 
ib. 8, 33, 23 [v. LADLE]: savillum 
{given by R. and A.] is a kind of 
cheese-cake : Cato, R. R. 84.) 
spoonful: cochleare, is, n.: Col. 12, 
21 (c. cumulatum, a good s.): M. L. 
sporadic: rarus (far apart, widely 
scattered): Cic.: Caes. Fever not epide- 
mic but s., *febris non vulgo propagata 
sed raris in locis: cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 19. 
sporadically; v. preced. art. 
sport (subs.): |, Amusement, play: 
lidus, lisus: v. PLAY, GAME, AMUSE- 
MENT. Phr.: in s., joci causa, Cic Ph. 
2, 17, 42: per ludum et jocum, id. Verr. 
I, 60,155: Plin. Ep. 5, 14, eztr. I. 
Ridicule, derision: 1, irrisio, irrisus : 
V. MOCKERY (1). 9. laudibrium: esp. 
in such pbrr. as, per ludibrium, in ludi- 
brium, etc.: Vv. MOCKERY (2). Il. 
Diversion in the field, hunting: veéna- 
tio: v. HUNTING. 
sport (v.): 1, lido, 3: v. To pray. 
2, lascivio, li, itum, 4 (to frolic as 
young animals do): Ov.: v. TO FRISK. 
sportive: 1, jécdsus (prop. of 
language only): to sing s. words, j. can- 
ere verba, Ov. F. 6,692: s. echo, j. imago, 
Hor. Od. 1, 12, 3. Also of acts: s. theft, 
3. furtum, ib. 1, 10, 8. 2. ludicer, 
cra, crum (partaleing of the nature of 
sport or recreation): to take delight 
im 8s. exercise, |, exercitatione delectari, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 24, init.: versifying 
and such like s. employment, versus 
et cetera 1., Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 10. 3. fes- 
tivus (suited for a festive occasion, 
merry): V. MERRY. 4, lascivus ( play- 
Jul, like young animals): more s. than 
a young kid, tenero lascivior haedo, Ov. 
M. 13, 791: s. (playful) language, 1. 
verba, Hor. A. P. 107. So, to be s., las- 
civire, Ov.: Col. Phr.: to produce s. 
effusions, ludere (aliquid), Hor. Od. 4, 
9,9: Virg. ‘ f p 
sportively : 1, jicdsé: Cic.: 
or 2. per jocum, joci causa; v. 
sport (I.), JOKE. 
sportiveness : 1, _lascivia : 
Join: hilaritas et lascivia, Cic. Fin. 2, 
20, 65: per lusum atque lasciviam, Liv. 


| stain, disgrace, blot: Cic.: Ter. 








SPRAIN 
1,5. (Capable of worse sense: v. WAN- 
TONNESS, ) 2. hilaritas: v. MIRTH. 
See also sport. 
sportsman: vénator: v. HUNTER, 
HUNTING. 
spot (subs.): |. A mark: 1, 


macila: (a horse) with white s.s. albis 
m., Virg. Aen. 9, 49: to take s.s (soils) 
out of clothes, m. auferre de vestibus, 
Ov. F. 3, 821: to remove freckles and s.s 
Srom the face, lentigines ac m. de facie 
t., Plin. 20, 2, 4. Freq. in fig. ry 
nota (mark by which anything may be 
known): V. MARK. 8, labes, is, f. 
(blot. stain): vy. sratx. Marked with 
$.8, maculosus: v. SPOTTED. |], Pzact 
place: lécus: also in poet. sédes: v. 
PLACE. Phr.: on the s.: (1.) statim 
(cf. Germ. stehendes Fusses): v. m- 
MEDIATELY. (2.) ibidem (in the very 
same place): some birds of prey tore it 
to pieces on the s., volucres (avem) ibid- 
em discerpsernnt, Suet. Caes. 81: Cic. 
Inv. 2, 51,154. Join: ibidem statim, 
Suet. Aug. 87. 

spot (v.): ndto, notis distinguo: v. 
TO MARK. (In prose, maculare = to 
stain, blot, disgrace: in poet., to soil, 
discolour.) 

spotless: |], Lit.: nullis ma- 
culis, sine maculis, expers maculis: v. 
SPOT. ll. Fig.: of trreproachable 
character : 1, sanctus: s. virgins, 
s. virgines, Hor. Od. 1, 2, 27: strength- 
ened, sanctissima conjux, Virg. Aen. 11, 
158: Cic. Join: [nemo] neque inte- 
grior neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 
229. 2. pirus: v. PURE. Strength- 
ened, sceleris purus (Gr. constr.) : Hor. 
Od 22 re 3, intéger (lit. un- 
touched, unstained) : of perfectly s. life, 
integerrima vita, Cic. Pl. init.; integer 
vitae (poet. constr.): Hor. 1. c. 4, 
castus (morally pure): Join: castis- 
simus homo atque integerrimus, Cic. Fl. 
28, 68: purissima et castissima [vita], 
id. R. Com. 6, 17. 5. expr. by cir- 
cuml., nullis nec vitae nec morum men- 
dis: omni vitae morumque turpitudine 
remotissimus: sine labe, sine macula: 
Vv. STAIN. 

spotlessly: sine labe: Ov. Pont. 2, 
1,49. SS. pure, castissimus, purissimus, 
etc. : V. SPOTLESS. 

ey 1. miaciilosus: a@ s. 

spotty: §lynz, m. lynx, Virg. Aen. 
ays s 2. by circuml., maculis dis- 
tinctus, sparsus, insignis: Vv. SPOT. 

spottiness: expr. by adj.: v. 
SPOTTY. 

spousal: v. BETROTHAL. 

spouse: _ 1, conjux, tgis, c. (hus- 
band or wife): chiefly poet., but used 
in higher prose=vuxor: Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 
18. 2. in ord. prose; maritus, uxor: 
Vv. HUSBAND, WIFE. (Sponsus, -a, = be- 
trothed: male or female.) 

spout (subs.) : |. Gf @ vessel: Os, 
Oris, m.: V. MOUTH. I]. The pipe 
which carries off water from the roof of 
a@ house: canalis, is, m. (water-pipe of 
any kind): more precisely, os canalis : 
canalis extremus per quem coelestis 
aqua tegulis excepta dejicitur: cf. Vitr. 
3, 5 (3), extr. ; 

spout (v-):  _ |. Zo spring up, of 
Sluids : 1, émico, ui, atum, 1: the 
blood s.s up on high, cruor e. alte, Ov. M. 
4, 121: cf. ib. 6, 260, sanguis se ejacu- 
latus in altum emicat et longe terebrata 
prosilit aura (where all three words in 
italics correspond pretty closely to 
Eng.). 2. prosilio, ui, 4: Ov. Lc. 


||. To deliver speeches: déclamo, 1: 
V. TO DECLAIM. 


spouter; perh. contidnator: Cic. 
Cat. 4, 5,9 : ; 
sprain (v.): 1, intorqueo, si, 


tum, 2: tos. one’s ankle, talum i., Auct. 
B. Hisp. 38. 2. perh. convello, 3 (to 
wrench violently): cf. Col. 6, 16, saepe 
etiam (bos).... aut duriori solo aut 
obviae radici obluctatus convellit armos 
(overstrains the shoulders). Luxare is 
to put out of joint: and in the chapp. of 
Cels. treating of inguries of the joints, 








only fractures and dislocations are 
mentioned : lib. 8.  Phr.: s.s are often 
worse to heal than fractures, * saepe 
difficilius sanantur membra quae ex 
nimia bervorum contentione (disten- 
tione) laborant quam quae fracta sunt. 
sprain (subs.): perb. * nimia nervor- 
um contentio: v. preced. art. 
sprat: clupea sprattus: Linn. 
sprawl: Phr.: to lie s.ing on the 
ground, *membris temere porrectis 
humi jacere: he stretched him s.ing on 
the sand, multa porrectum extendit 
arena, Virg. Aen. 9, 589: cf. also Ov, 
M. 7, 253, in plenos resolutum somnos 
- Stratis porrexit in herbis, i.e. fast 
asleep and s.ing on the level grass. The 
sense may also be approached by fundo, 
3: cf. Virg. 6, 422, immania terga [Cer- 
berus] resolvit fusus humi, totoque 
ingens extenditur antro (the words in 
italics together convey the full sense of 
Eng.): cf. Ov. M. 13, 25, ingenti resu- 
pinum pondere fudi (sent him s.ing). 
spray : |. A light dew: 1, as- 
pergo, inis, f.: salt s. (of the sea), salsa 
a., Virg. Aen. 3, 534: Plin. 2. ros, 
Toris, m.: (poet.) to sprinkle with light 
&. (in lustration), r. levi spargere, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 230: v. DEW. ||. A light 
feathery twig: per. * ramusculus levis 
comansque. 
spread: A. Trans.: _ To 
extend in length and breadth over a 
larger area: 1, extendo, di, sum 
and tum, 3: to s. out (parchment) with 
a mallet, (chartam) malleo ex., Plin. 13, 
12, 26: tos. out the wings (of an army), 
cornua ex., Curt.: v. TO STRETCH OUT. 
2. pando, di, nsum and ssum, 3 (s. 
out wide or loose): to s. out the (open) 
hands (in prayer), palmas p., Lucr. 5, 
1200: to s. out figs or grapes (to dry), 
ficus, uvas in sole p., Col. Strength- 
ened: (1.) expando, 3: Plin.: Col. (2.) 
dispando, 3 (rare): clothes s. in the sun, 
dispansae vestes in sole, Lucr.: Pl. 
8. explico, avi and ui, atum and 
Itum, 1 (by unfolding): to s. out rai- 
ment (so as to expose it to view), vestem 
ex., Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161: it (the vine) 
S.s out tts leaves, frundes ex., Virg. G. 2, 
335: V. TO UNFOLD. 4, diffundo, 
fudi, sum, 3 (in the manner of a stream, 
equably and freely): the sky beams with 
light s. abroad, nitet diffuso lumine coe- 
lum, Lucr. 1, 9: Cic.: cf. infr. (B.). 
I]. Yo unfold: esp. in pbrr. to s. 
sail, s. a net: pando, 3: to s. the sails 
of argument, vela orationis p., Cic. Tuse. 
4,5, 9: to s. nets, retia p., Plin. (But 
the common prose phrr. are, vela dare 
and facere: retia tendere or ponere: v. 
SAIL, NET.) Jo s. one’s tent, tentoriuimn 
tendere, Caes. B. C. 3, 82. Also absol., 
tendere: v. TO PITCH (A.), and TENT. 
II]. Zo cover, furnish: Phr.: tos. 
a banquet before any one, convivium 
alicui apparare, explicare, Mart. 1, 99 
(100): cibos alicui apponere, in men- 
sam, Pl. Men. 1, 3, 29: V. TO PREPARE. 
IV. Zo s. abroad, propagate: vul- 
go, 1: to s. (be the means of s.ing) com- 
plaints, morbos v., Liv. 3, 6: Curt. 
V. To publish: 1, différo, dis- 
tiili, dilatum, 3, irr. (to set a story 
abroad: usu. with ref. to something 
false): more fully, sermonibus d. (to 
s. abroad by talk), Liv. 34, 49 (with 
direct obj.): also foll. by clause: tf s. 
the report about any ome that....., 
alicui famam d.... (foll. by ace. and 
inf.), Pl. Trin. 3, 2, 63: Ter.: also with 
clause introd. by tanquam, quasi: Tac. 
9. efféro, 3, irr. (to make a secret 
thing known): Vv. TO PUBLISH. 3. 
divulge, 1: more fully, sermonibus d, 
Cic.: v. TO PUBLISH. Also in same 
sense, vulgo, 1: to s. abroad the tidings 
of a crime, facinus v. per omnes, Liv. 
28, 27: and strengthened, pervulgo, 1: 
Cic. (Evulgare, like efferre, of making 
a secret known: Liv.: Tac.) 4. 
stro, sévi, situm, 3 (to disseminate): to 
s. abroad charges against the senate 
among the lower orders, crimina in 
senatum apud infimae plebis homines s., 
Liv. 24, 23, jin.: to s. rumours, rumores 
781 


SPREADING 





8., Virg. 5, in pass. sense may be 
used: exeo, mano, percrébresco, etc. : v. 
infr. (B.), and TO GET ABROAD. Phr.: 
vo s. abroad mysterious hints, spargere 
Yoces in vulgum ambiguas, Virg. Aen. 2, 
99. B.intrans.: |, 7o become ex- 
tended: |, expr. by pass. refl. of verbs 
under (A.): esp. (1.) diffundor, 3: the 
branches (antlers) s. out very wide [as 
in the case of the palm, palma], rami 
quam late diffunduntur, Caes. B. G. 6, 
26: so, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 6, ramis diffundi 
(of the tree): the nutriment s.s through 
the trunks and boughs, cibus per truncos 
ac per ramos d., Lucr. 1, 354. (Cf. Val. 
Max. 1, 6, 3, where diffundere aquam 
per agros= ‘to allow it to s. abroad over 
theland.) Join: diffundi et patescere, 
Plin. Ep. 2,17, 3. (2.) extendor, 3: the 
jire s.s through the plains, ignis per 
campos ex., Virg. Aen. 10, 407: so of a 
plain itself, Ov. M. 1, 43. (3.) porrigor, 
3 (with a longitudinal direction): (the 
ground s.s out into a plain, in plani- 
tiem p., Tac. A. 13, 38. (N.B.—The 
above may also be used act. with ace. 
of pron. refl.) 2. patesco, ui, 3 (to 
open out wide, as a plain): Plin. Ep. 2, 
yes sacs 3. serpo, psi, ptum, 3 
(as @ creeping plant, or a sore or can- 
cer): the vine s.ing with intricate and 
erratic course, vitis serpens multiplici 
lapsu et erratico, Cic. Sen. 15, 52: cancer 
5.8, cancer s., Ov. M. 2, 826: Cels. 4. 
évagor, I (wander and range abroad): 
Plin. 19, 8, 48 (of a plant running wild, 
€. per agros). II. In fig. sense, to be- 
come widely prevalent: 1, incre- 
bresco, brui (-besco, -bui), 3 = to become 
Frequent, gain ground: immorality is 
s.ing daily, mores deteriores in dies i., 
Pl. Mere. 5, 1, 9: licence was s.ing, in- 
erebrescebat licentia, Tac. A. 3, 60: 
Cic. (= to become prevalent). 2. so 
percrébresco, 3 (stronger than preced. : 
to become very generally prevalent) : 
when this report has s. abroad, quum 
haec fama percrebruerit, Cic. Verr. 4, 
30, 68: Caes. 8. mano, 1: the evil 
has s. through Italy, malum per Italiam 
manavit, Cic. Cat. 4, 3,6: the rumour s.s 
through the whole city, m. tota urbe ru- 
mor, Liv. So €mano, 1 (to get abroad, be- 
come known) : to circulate and s. amongst 
the people, exire atque in vulgus e., Cic. 
R. Am. 1, 3: the evil s. more widely, 
malum latius emanabat, Flor. 4, 9, 5. 
(Cic. would have said manabat.) 4, 
serpo, psi, ptum, 3 (to s. gradually and 
insidiously) : contagion s.s, 8. contagia, 
Virg. G. 3, 469: the rumour ss, s. ru- 
mor, Cic. Mur. 21, fin.: esp. of evils: 
cf. id. Ph. 4, 3, jin., malum obscure re- 
pens multas provincias occupavit. 5. 
evagor, t (of a disease): Liv. 3, 7, fin. 
(late evagata est vis morbi). 6. tos. 
through, take possession of, occttpo, 1 
(of fear, belief, etc., filling people's 
minds): such a panic s. through all the 
army, tantus timor omnem exercitum 
occupavit, Cues. B. G. 1, 39: such a 
superstitious feeling has s. through the 
minds of the Sicilians, tanta superstitio 
mentes omnium Siculorum occupavit, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 51, 113: Christianity s. 
through the whole R. empire, Christi 
fides totum imperium R. occupavit : cf. 
supr. 4 (last ex.). 

spreading (adj.): patilus: Virg. 
E. 1, 1 (p. fagus) ; Cic. 

sprig; ramuscilus, virgiila: v. rwic. 

spright: v.spPrrir. 

sprightliness; nearest word, ila- 
Ea (briskness, liveliness, good spirits) : 

ic 

sprightly: 1, Alacer, cris, cre 
V. CHEERFUL, BRISK, LIVELY. Q. vé- 
gétus (fresh, full of life and anima- 
tion): v. tiveLy. (N.B.—Both words 
express a higher quality than Eng.) 

8. bilaris: v. CHEERFUL. 
spring (subs.): |. The season: 
1. ver, veris, n.: at the beginning 
of s., ineunte vere, Cic. Man. 12, extr. : 
principio veris, Col. (Kr.): primo vere 
(at the very beginning of s._ Liv. 21, 
21: quum ver esse coepit, Cic. Verr. 5, 
10, extr.: 8. was now at hand, jam v. 
788 


| and more freq. comps. : 





SPRING 


appetebat, Liv. 22, extr.: at the very 
Jjirst doubtful signs of s., ad prima ac 
dubia signa veris, ib. 21, 58, init. OA 
vernum tempus: Cic. Sen. 19, 70: Lucr. 
To be like s., fresh and green: vernare: 
ef. Plin. 2, 50, 51, in Italia aer semper 
quodammodo vernat vel auctumnat (ts 
always either s. or autumn): Ov. ll. 
By anal., the s. of life: iniens aetas, 
iniens pueritia vel adolescentia: v. 
youTH. (Or perh. *ver um quoddam 
aetatis tempus.) ||. An elastic force: 
*elatér: spira e ferro recellente facta 


(Kr.). IV. A leap: saltus, ts: v. 
LEAP. To make a s.,salire: v.TO LEAP. 
V. Of water: 1, fons, ntis, m.: 


a place having plenty of s.s, locus fonti- 
bus abundans, Cic. Rep. 2, 6: a fresh- 
water s., f. dulcis aquae, id. Verr. 4, 53, 
118. Also used poet.=s. water: Virg. 
Aen. 12, I1g. 2, scatiirigo, inis, f. 
(water bubbling up and oozing through 
the ground): Col. 3, 13, med.: Liv. 
Phr.: s. water, saliens aqua, Plin. Ep 
2, 17, 25: also, scaturiens aqna, Pall. - 
abounding in s.s, scaturiginosus, Col. 5, 
8 (with water oozing up). 

spring (adj.): vernus: s. flowers, 
v. flores, Ov.: Hor.: Cic. Esp. in phr. 
vernum tempus; v. preced. art. (L.). 

spring (%.): A. Intrans.: L. 
To grow up: 1, énascor, natus, 3: a 
laurel had sprung up in the stern of a 
ship of war, lauream in puppi navis 
longae enatam, Liv. 32, 1, jin.: Varr.: 
Tac.: Suet. (Nasci=to grow: Plin. 
pass.) 2. vénio, provénio, 4 (the 
former poet.): to s. up without cultiva- 
tion, sponte sua v., Virg.G. 2, 11: sponte 
sua provenire, Plin. 17, init. 3. cres- 
CO, 3: V. TO GROW. 4. other rarer or 
more poet. exprr. are, surgere, Virg. G. 
2, 14: pullulare, se subjicere (to shoot 
up), ib. 16 and 18: exoriri, Lucr. 1, 
180: emergere, Cic Sen. 15, 51 (of the 
blade of corn coming forth to view): 
and in causative sense, submittere (¢o 
cause to s. up), Lucr. 1, 8 (suaves dae- 
dala tellus submittit flores), Il. As a 
river or s., to have its source (Lit.): 
nascor, Orior: v. TO RISE (III.), Also 
émico, 1 (to come spouting up): Liv. 
44,33. II]. Zo begin, asa gale : orior, 
exOrior, surgo: v. TO RISE (III.). IV. 
To be descended from: esp. in p. part. 
sprung: which is expr. by, 1, or- 
tus: or where remoter origin is indi- 
cated, Oriundus: (1.) ortus: s. from the 
same grade, ex eodem loco o., ler. Eun. 
2, 2,10: (the Belgae) s. from the Ger- 
mans, 0. a Germanis, Caes. B. G. 2, 4: 
and without prep. equestri loco o., Cic. : 
Liv. (2.) driundus: s. from Syracuse, 
oriundus a Syracusis, Liv. 24, 6 (where 
immediate parentage is expr. by natus): 
foll. by ex to denote the persons from 
whom descent is traced, ib. 2, 9 (ex 
Etruscis 0.): but also ab, Cic. Top. 
6, 29 (qui ab ingenuis o. sunt, Vet. 
Lex). 2, natus (denoting immediate 
parentage: with abl.): v. BORN, SON. 
More exactly in sense of Eng., progna- 
tus: Romulus s. from the loins of a 
god, Romulus deo p., Liy.: foll. by ex 
and ab, Caes.: v. DESCENDED (2). a 
satus (chiefly poet.): with abl.: O thou 
s. from the blood of gods, sate sanguine 
divum, Virg. Aen. 6, 125: cf. Liv. 38, 
58, non sanguine humano sed stirpe 
divina s. (in a rhetor. passage). 4, 
éditus (poet.) : v. DESCENDED. V. Zo 
proceed from: mano, émano, Grior: v. 
TO PROCEED FROM (IV.): also proficis- 
cor, etc.: v. TO ORIGINATE, Vi. Zo 
leap, bound; salio, ii, and ui, ltum, 4: 
(1.) exsilio, 4 
(to s. from): he sprang hastily from his 
seat, properans de sella exsiluit, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 30, 75: L£ sprang (eagerly) to 
you, exsilui ad te, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 44. 
(2.) desilio, 4 (to s. down): to s. down 
from @ chariot, etc., curru, essedo, equis 
d., Caes.: Cic. (3.) insilio, 4 (to s. upon) : 
to s. upon a horse, ins. in equum, Liv. 6, 
7: to s. upon any one (to attack him), 
ins. in aliquem, Apul. (4.) prosilio, 4 
(to s. forward) : the king sprang (started) 
Jrom his throne, rex ab sede sua pro- 





SPRUCENESS 


TT ee hw 


siluit, Liv. 2,12: Cic. (5.) résilio, 4 (to 
$. back): Quint.: Plin.: v. TO LEAP. 
Vii. By anal. with preced.: émico, 

I: ct. supr. (iL). Where the action 
of an elastic s. is referred to, perh. ré- 
silio, 4: V. TO RECOIL. To s. asunder, 
dissilio, displodo: v. TO FLY APART. 
Phr.: the gate suddenly s.s open, *porta 
subito impetu se pandit. B, Vrans.: 
Phr.: tos. a leak, rimas agere, Ov. M. 
2, 211: (to crack, form fissures), rimis 
fatiscere (of ships), Virg. Aen. 1, 123 
(but the expr. does not so much denote 
the sudden formation of an aperture, as 
the gradual parting of the timbers) : 
more exactly perh. *rima, fissurd, fora- 
mine dissilire: the ship sprang several 
leaks, (navis) plnrimis locis laxari coe- 
pisse (R. and A.): to s. a mine, *pul- 
veris (nitrati) cuniculum igni admoto 
explodere: to s. a rattle, * crepitaculo 
signum dare; crepitaculo insonare: to 
Ss. an arch, * fornicem educere. 

spring-tide: aestus (maritimus) 
maximus: cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 29. 

—— -time: vernum tempus: v. 
SPRING. 

springe: pédica: v. SNARE, TRAP. 

springy : perh. mobilis, e (as of 
boggy soil) : see also ELASTIC. 

sprinkle: |. Trans.: spargo, 
si, sum, 3: to s. ( people) with light dew, 
levi rore s., Virg. Aen. 6, 230: Ov. Fig.: 
having the temples s.d with gray, sparsus 
tempora canis, Ov. M. 8, 567. Comps. : 
(1.) conspergo, 3 (strengthened from 
simple verb, and like it used with ace. 
of that which is s.d) : to s. the earth with 
dew, terram rore c., Plin.: to s. roads on 
account of dust, vias propter pulverem 
c., Suet. Cal. 43. (2.) aspergo, 3 (to s. 
on: with acc. and abl., also dat. and 
acc.): to s. an altar with blood, aram 
sanguine a., Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88: but 
also with acc. and dat. (guttam bulbo a.), 
id. Clu. 26, 71 (there is some difference 
in the two ways of expression, the latter 
constr. being more suitable to denote 
dropping one thing on to another ; 
the former to denote bedewing or 
wetting one substance with some fiwid). 
(3.) inspergo, 3 (to s. upon: like asper- 
go, with twofold constr.): to s. olives 
with salt, oleam sale i., Cato: to s. 
salt cake and wine, molam et vinum 
i. (sc. hostiae], Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37: 
Plin. (aspergo to s. with a liquid only: 
inspergo, with anything that may rest 
on the surface). See also TO SCATTER, 
STREW. |], Intrans.: to rain gently, 
and in scattered drops: roro, 1: it s.s 
before tt rains, rorat antequam pluit, 
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 58: Suet. 

sprinkling (subs.): i.e. a few here 
and there: expr. by rarus: v. SCAT- 
TERED. 

sprite: v. SPIRIT. 

sprout (subs.) : 1, pullus (young 
shoot): Cato, R. R. 51. Dimin. pullu- 
lus: Plin. 2. surciilus: v. SHOOT 
(throughout). 

sprout (v.): 1, pullilo, 1 (¢o 
shoot up as a sucker does): Virg. G. 2, 
1). 2, expr. by triido, si, sum, 3 (to 
push or put out buds): Virg. G. 2, 335 
(gemmas trudere): cf. ib. 31 (truditur e 
sicco radix oleagina ligno). 3. ger- 
mino, 1 (to bud, germinate): it s.s the 
same day it is sown, eodem die g. quo 
injectum est, Plin. 13, 24,47. Comps.: 
égermino, progermino, 1: Col. 

sprouts: caules, cauliciili: v. caB- 
BAGE. 

spruce (adj.): nitidus: Cic. Cat. 2, 
10, 22 (qnos pexo capillo, nitidos... 
videtis): from a s. cit he becomes the 
farmer, ex n. fit rusticus, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 
83: cf. For. (Elegans, comptus, bellus, 
are words without any idea of disparage- 
ment: which, however, may be thus 
conveyed: circa vestitus curam morosior 
quam virum decet: nimis exquisitae 
munditiae, etc.) 

spruce (swbs.): pinus abies (Norway 
s.): Bot. 


sprucely : nitidé: cf. adj. 
spruceness: corporis vestitusque 
concinnitas: v. ELEGANCE, NEATNESS, 


= = 





SPUD 


spud; perh. pala parva. 
spume: spuma: v. FOAM, SLIME. 
spur: |. For horses: calcar, aris, 
n.: to urge on a horse with 8.8, calcari- 
bus equum concitare, Liv. 2, 6: incen- 
dere, Hirt. B. G. 8, 48: stimulare, Vai. 
Max.: to put s.s to a horse, subdere 
equo c., Curt. 7,2: also (in fig. sense), 
c. uti, Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 36: adhibere, id. 
Br. 56, 204: calcar addere, Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 217: quasi c. adhibere, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 
4 (Stimulus is a stick with an iron 
point: v. GuaD.) Il. Fig.: an in- 
ctitement : 1, calear: esp. in sing.: 
ef.supr. 2, incitamentum: stimiilus: 
V. INCENTIVE. Ill. A projection: esp. 
from a range of mountains: expr. by 
promineo, émineo: v. TO PROJECT. 

spur (v.): (equum) calcaribus con- 
citare, etc.: v. SPUR, subs. 

spurge: euphorbia: Bot. 
daphne lauredla : 





— -laurel: 
spurious: 1, adultérinus (coun- 
eit, not genuine): s. coin, a. numi, 
Cic. Off. 3, 23, gt: *. seals (for forgery), 
a. signa, Cic. Clu. 14, 41. 2. spirius: 
@ 8. verse, 8. versus, Aus. 3, ficticius, 
fictitius (not natural): s. gems, f. gem- 
tare Plin. : ea in: he 4, insitivus 
as it were, gra, in and substituted) : 
s. heir, i. heres, Sen. Contr.: Phaedr. ) 
spuriousness: expr. by adj.: v. 
SPURIOUS, GENUINE. 
spurn: 1, aspernor, 1 (to reject 
with contempt): to s. petitions, queri- 
monias a., [contemnere, negligere], Cic. 
Verr. 4, 51. 113: to &. with a gesture, 
nutu a., Suet. Vesp. 8: acc. tosame anal, 
tos. with the foot, *pedibus a. Join: 
oculis fugere, auribus respuere, animo 
aspernari, Cic. Pis. 20, 45. See also To 
DESPISE. 2. respuo, i, 3 (similar to 
preced. though less strong): Caesar’s 
edicts are s.'d (treated with contempt), 
Caesaris edicta respuuntur, Cic. Att. 7, 
26: cf. id. Coel. 15, fin., calcitrat, respuit, 
non putat tua dona esse tanti: the 
ground will s. thy hateful corpse, respuet 
invisum cadaver humus, Ov. Ib. 166. 
8. répiidio, 1: v. TO REJECT. 


spurt (v.): €mico, exsilio: v. TO} 


SPOUT, SPRING. 

spurt (swbs.): colloq. a sudden effort, 
* impetus subitus. 

sputter: i.e. to speak indistinctly 
and confi Yy: V. TO SPLUTTER. 

spy (subs.): 1, explorator (mili- 
tary operator): y. SCOUT. 2. délator 
(one who makes a trade of informing 
against people: esp. under the empire) : 
V. INFORMER. 8, emissarius: used = 
delator, Suet. Gal. 15. 
index, icis, c., may serve: it is esp. used 
of one who betrays his associates: Cic. : 
Tac. 

spy (v.): 1, expléro, 1 (esp. to recon- 
noitre): to s. out all a person’s move- 
ments, itinera egressusque [postremo 
loca atque tempora cuncta) ex., Sall. 
Jug. 35: V. TO RECONNOITRE. Q, spéc- 
tilor, 1 (in non-milit. sense): to s. out 
any one’s plans, consilia alicujus s., Sall. 
Jug. 108: also absol., Caes. B. G. 1, 47 
(speculandi causa venire): v. TO WATCH. 

3. perh. inspicio, introspicio, with 
such advv. as furtim, occulte: v. TO LOOK 
tto. (Cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 47.) 

—— -boat: navigium speculatorium: 
Caes. B. G. 4, 26: also, navis specula- 
toria: Liv. 30, 10: and simply, specu- 
latoria, id. 22, tg. 

squabble (v.): rixor, 1: v. TO QUAR- 
REL 


squabble (subs.): jurgium, rixa: v. 
QUARKEL. 
squad: perh. m&nipilus (thirtieth 


part of a legion): v. comPANy. Or 
perh. manus: v. BAND. See also 
TROOP. 

squadron: |. Of cavalry: 


1g 
perh. turma (numbering about 30): v. 
TROOP. 2. more corresponding in 
number to Eng., ala (the body of horse 
attached to a legion, being stationed on 
-ts wings: also used of other bodies of 
cavalry): Nep. Eum. 1. ||, Of ships: 
expr. by classis s. navium pars: v. 


4, sometimes | 








SQUAT 


FLEET. Ill. In loose sense, any body 
of troops, etc.: acies, exercitus, agmen 
in movement): Vv. HOST, ARMY. 

squalid: 1, sordidus: s. children, 
s. nati, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 28: s. (mean) 
abodes, 8. tecta, Lucan 4, 396. 2: 
squalidus: v. FOUL, piRTY. (But neither 
of these are so strong as Eng.: s. dwell- 
ings, perth. *tecta sordibus omnibus situ- 
que repleta [foeda}: tecta obsoleta illu- 
vieque informia: cf. Hor. Od. 2, 10, 7, 
obsoleti sordibus tecti.) 


squalidity : iperh. sordes (Hor. 

squalor: fl. c.): illivies (v. 
FILTH): squalor: Join: illuvies, 
squalor, Liv. 21, 40. 

squalidly: sordidé: multis cum 
sordibus: v. preced. artt. 

squall (swbs.) : |. Of wind: prb- 


cella (any sudden slorm): Cic.: Virg. : 
v. STORM. With many 3.8, procellosus: 
Liv.: Col. Il. Of children : vagitus, 
us: V, CRY. 

squall: vagio, 4: Cic. Sen. 23, 83 
(in cunis v.): Ter. 

squally: prodcelldsus: v. SQUALL. 

squalor: Vv. SQUALIDITY. 

squander: 1, effundo, fiidi, sum, 
3: to s.one’s patrimony, patrimonium e. 
[atque consumere], Cic. R. Am. 2, 6: to 
$. money, sumptus e., Ib. 24, 68: Plin. 
Absol. Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 34 (effundite, emite !) 

Q. dissipo, 1 (to disperse and make 

away with): to s. a fortune, rem fami- 
liarem d., Cic. Fam. 4,7: Tac. Join: 
disperdere et dissipare, Cic. 3, perdo, 
didi, tum, 3. Join: perdere et pro- 
fundere, Cic. Fam. §, 5: sumere, con- 
sumere, perdere, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 55. 
So disperdo, 3 (to dissipate by extrava- 
gance): Cic.: v. supr. (2). 4, pro- 
fundo, 3: v. TO LAVISH. 5, other 
more exceptional phrr. are, bona patria 
lacerare, Sall, Cat. 14: fortunas (patria 
bona) abligurire (by gluttony), Cic. Cat. 
2,5, 10: Ter. 

squanderer : 
THRIFT. 

square (adj.): 1, quadratus (like 
the Eng. capable of being used with 
some latitude of meaning): he changes 
s. for round, mutat quadrata rotundis, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100: @ s&. foot, pes q., 
Front. Goes. p. 30: @ s. number, q. nu- 
merus, Gell. : s. figure (i. e. broad and 
solid), q. statura, Suet. Vesp. 20: Cels. 

2. quadrangiilus (rare): Plin. 13, 

22, 38. 

square (subs.): |. The mathe- 
matical figure: quadratum : Cic. Tusce. 
I, 24, 57- Or by circuml, quadrata 
figura: v.adj. —| J, A s.-shaped piece: 
quadra: Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 49: Virg. [I]. 
A carpenter’s tool: norma: Vitr. 4, 3, 5 
(anguli ad normam respondentes). [¥. 
A military formation: no correspond- 
ing term in Latin military phraseology 
(agmen quadratum, denotes a formation 


népos: Vv. SPEND- 


lin parallelogram, adopted by an army 


marching, so as to be ready for battle) : 
to form in s.s, perh. *acie quadrata uti; 
*aciem quadratim ad equitatus impetum 
excipiendum instruere. 
square (v.): A. Trans.: L. 
To make s.: quadro, 1: Col. Esp. in 
p. part.: s.d stone, i.e. hewn into quad- 
rangular blocks, saxum quadratum, Liv. 
||. Zo multiply a number into it- 
self: *quadro, 1: as ¢. ¢. (numerus 
quadratus is a s. number: v. adj.): or 
expr. by numerum in se multiplicare: 
v. TO MULTIPLY. il, To make even: 
esp. of accounts: (rationes) subdtico, 3: 
Cic. Att. 5, 21: Vv. TO SETTLE. B, In- 
trans.: |. Zo agree: consto, stiti, 
1: id. Fl. 26, 59: Tac. il, Zo menace 
with the fists: Phr.: * pugnis alicui 
(pugilum modo) minitari. 
squash (v.): contéro, contundo: v. 
TO CRUSH. 
squash (subs.): cucurbita: v.GouRD, 
squat (v.): |. 7b sit on the hams: 
1, subsido, sédi, ssum, 3 (less col- 
log. in tone than Eng.: to stoop down, 
crouch): Liv. 28, 2: Virg. 2. con- 
quinisco, 3 (v. rare): Pl Cist. 4, 1, 5. 
I]. To settle: nearest word, con- 


| Sido, 3: Vv. TO SETTLE (B., III.). 


STABILITY 





squat (adj.): Phr.: a s. figure, 
corporis brevis atque obesus, Suet. Hor.: 
| a stronger expr. is ventriosus (big- 
| bellied, bulging out): Pl.: also ventru- 
osus, Plin. 
squeak (v.): perh. strideo (strido), 
di, 2 and 3 (denoting any kind of harsh 
unmusical noise or cry): cf. Ov. F. 6, 
140, where it is used with reference to 
the screech-owl: and Plin. 29, 6, 3 
§ 138, where it describes the chirp of t 
cricket. 
squeak (subs.): perh. stridor: cf. 
preced. art. Also in Val. Max. 1, 1, 4, 
occentus is used of the cry ors. of the 
Sield-mouse (soricis). 
squeaking (adj.): stridiilus (harsh, 
grating, unmusical): a thin s. voice, 
tenuis et s. vox, Sen. Ep. 56,2. See also 
SHRILL, HARSH. 
squeamish: |, Jnclining to sick- 
ness: expr. by nausea: to feel s., nau- 
sea (sine vomitu] laborare, cf. Cels. 1, 3: 
to make any one feel s., nauseam alicui 
movere, facere: v. SICKNESS, ||. Fas- 
tidious : fastididsus: v. FASTIDIOUS, 
NICE, 
Squeamishness: |. Fecling of 
| sickness: nausea: Cels. 1, 3. I. 
| Over nicety: fastidium: v. FASTIDIOUS- 
| NESS, NICETY. 
squeeze: prémo, comprimo, etc., 3: 
v.TO PRESS. Phr.: to be s.d to death 
|}in @ crowd, *in multitudine hominum 
comprimi atque elidi. 
squib: |. 4 small fire-work: not 
translateable: perh. *missile pyrium 
and radius pyrius (Kr.). |], A lam- 
poon: versus famosi: or if in prose, 
libellus famosus: v. LaMPOON. 
pequill: a@ plant: squilla (scilla): 
t. 


squint (v.): |. In strict sense, te 
have the axes of the eyes not coincident : 
expr. by adj. strabonem esse: v. SQUINT- 
ING, adj. Phr.: to s. dreadfully, per- 
versissimis oculis esse, Cic. N. D. 1, 28, 
Jin. Il. To glance obliquely: limis 
(oculis) intueri, transversa tueri, ete. : 
V. OBLIQUELY. 

squint (subs.): expr. by adj.: v¥. 
SQUINTING. 

squinting (adj.): 1, strabo, dnia, 
m.: also, strabus, a, um: 8. gods, stra- 
bones dii, Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 80: Hor. : the 
recognised fem. to strabo was straba, 
Prise. 6, 3, 16: and acc, to Non., strabus 
was in later Latin used for strabo. ye 
paetus (a softened expr. for preced., and 
implying nothing repulsive, having a 
cast in the eye: still more softened, pae- 
tulus, having a slight cast, Cic. N. D. 1, 
29, init.): Hor. S. 1, 3, 45 (Strabonem 
appellat paetum pater): Ov. 93, expr. 
by circuml. perversis (pravis, distortis) 
oculis: Cic. N. D. 1, 28, init. 

squire: *armiger, éri: Inserr. 

squirrel: sciiirus: Plin. 8, 38, 58. 
(S. vulgaris, Linn.) 





squirt (subs.) : Vv. SYRINGE. 
squirt (v.): |. Trans.: perh. 
éjicio, prdjicio: v. TO DISCHARGE. Il. 


To spout out: émicio, exsilio: v. To 
sPouT, SPRING (VLI.). 

stab (v.): 1, fddio, fodi, ssum, 3: 
to s. with a dagger, pugione f., Tac. H. 
4, 29: Liv. Strengthened, confddio, 3: 
Sall. Cat. 28: v. TO PIEKCE. 2. use 
gen. term, fério, percussi, ssum, férire: 
he s.’d himself in the side, latus sibi per- 
cussit: to wound by s.ing, punctim f., 
Veg. I, 12: V. TO STRIKE. 3. per- 
foro, 1: Ov. Tr. 3, 9, 26 (perforat ense 
latus). 4, vulnéro, 1: v. TO WOUND. 
Phr.: to s. any one in the neck, ferrum 
jugulo adigere, Suet. Ner. 49: she s.s 
herself to the heart, cultrum in corde 
defigit, Liv. 1, 58, extr.: he ss the girl 
to the heart, pectus puellae transfigit, id. 
3,48: to s. any one in the breast, gladi- 





um alicui in pectus infigere, Cic. Tusc. 
4, 22, 50: also, gladium pectori inf, Tac, 
A. I, 43. 

stab (subs.): puncta: opp. caesa (@ 
cut): Veg. 1,12. Less precisely, plaga, 
ictus, vulnus: ¥. BLOW, WOUND, CUT. 

stability: stabilitas: Caes.: Cie. 
See also FIRMNESS, STEADINESS. ee have 

7 


STABLE: 


no s., nihil solidi habere: v. SOLID, SUB- 
STANTIAL. 

stable (adj.): 
Hor.: v. FIRM. 
SUBSTANTIAL, 

stable (subs.) : 1, stabiilum (stall 
Jor cattle of any kind): more definitely, 
s. equorum, Pall. 1, 21: Vv. STALL. 2) 
Jor horses, Equile, is, n. (intreq.): Suet 
Cal. 55. Phr.: to clean out the s.s of 
Augeas, cloacas Augiae purgare, Sen. 
Apocol.; to lock the s.-door after the 
steed is stolen, clipeum post vulnera 
sumere, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 35: or perh. post 
damna demum cavere: post furta de- 
mum a furtis cavere. (The prov. sero 
sapiunt Phryges, seems to have been 
used in like sense: Fest. s. v. sero.) 

stable (v.): stabtlo, r (both trans. 
and intrans.): Varr.: Virg. (intrans.). 

— -boy; stabuilarius: Col. 

stabling (subs.): expr. by stabula 
equorum: v. STABLE. 

stablish: v. ESTABLISH. 

stably; stabiliter: Suet. 
FIRMLY. 

stack (subs.): |. Of corn, ete.: 
acervus, strues: v. HEAP, PILE. (N.B. 
—Accordmg to the Serr. R. R., it ap- 
pears to have been the uniform practice 
of Roman farmers to store hay, corn, 
etc., under a roof,i.e. in hay-lofts and 
granaries : q. V.) I]. Of chimneys: 
*séries, ordo (fumariorum, fumario- 
lorum): R. and A. 

stack (v.): coacervo, construo: v. 
TO HEAP UP, PILE. 

staff: |. A stick carried in the 
hand, usu. for support: 1, bacilum, 
less freq. bacillus: to lean upon a s., 
baculo incumbere, Ov. F. 1, 177: Liv. 
Used in describing the augural s. (li- 
tuus): Liv. 1, 18. Dimin. bacillum (a 
little s.), Cic.: Juv. 2. scipio, Onis, 
m. (a s. carried by persons of distinc- 
tion): an wory s., s. eburneus, Liv. 5, 
4, fin. (carried by M. Papirius, who had 
obtained a triumph): Val. Max. 4, 4, 5. 

3, fustis, is, m. (esp. for beating 

with): Vv. CUDGEL. |], Fig.: support: 
célimen, fulcimentum, sustentaculum : 
Vv. PROP. [I]. Collectively, the officers 
attached to the commander-in-chief, *qui 
circa ducem (imperatorem) curant, offi- 
cio praesunt. (Kr. s. Vv. Generalstab, 
gives primi exercitus duces: delecti 
ordinum militarium: but these exprr. 
do not at all expr. the Eng.) IV. 
Also collectively, a@ body of persons 
exercising ofjice together: Phr.: an 
excellent s. of writers, *scriptores et ipsi 
optimi et quorum bene inter se cohaerent 
partes. 

—— -officer: v. starr (III.). 

stag: cervus: pass. 

stage: |. 4 7aised platform: esp. 
for actors: 1, pulpitum: to approach 
(the sovereign) by a sloping s., subire 
per devexum p., Suet. Ner. 13: but the 
word is rare except in ref. to the theatre: 
in this sense it is often pl.: cf. Hor. 
A. P. 279 (modicis instmvit pulpita tig- 
nis): Ov. 2. proscénium (the part of 
a theatre immediately in front of the 
scena, which latter would usually re- 
present a building of some kind): Liv. 
49, 51: also in pl., Virg. G. 2, 381, veteres 
ineunt proscenia ludi. (N.B.—In cer- 
tain phrr., however, scéna is used where 
we should use s.: to appear upon the s., 
in scenam prodire, Nep. pref.: a thing 
is acted on the stage, agitur res in scenis, 
Hor. A. P. 179: Cic.) 3. suggestus, 
-tum: Vv. PLATFORM 4, perh. pegma, 
itis, n. (explained as denoting a kind of 
moveable s. for automata, etc.: yet in 
Sen. Ep. 88, 19, and Suet. Cl. 34, peg- 
mata are evidently the puppets them- 
selves rather than the stages on which 
they were shown): Plin. 33, 3, 16. 5, 
tibulatum (floor or s. made of planks) : 
Sen. l.c. 6. machina (a term appli- 
cable to any kind of framework or 
scaffolding) : Vv. SCAFFOLD. I]. Me- 
ton., dramatic acting, the theatre: 

1, scéna: the s. is crowded with 
crimes such as these, s. referta est his 
sceleribus, Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 6). Orestes 
7190 


1, stabilis, e: Cic.: 
9. solidus: v. SOLip, 


. 


See also 








STAGNATE 


STAIN 





tormented on the s., scenis agitatus 
Orestes, Virg. Aen. 4, 471: mockery 
worthy of the s., ludibria scena et pul- 
pito digna, Plin. Ep. 4, 25. 2. less 
freq. pulpitum: the bard who lives by 
the s., vates quem pulpita pascunt, Juv. 
8, theatrum: v. THEATRE. 
Phr.: the most foolish character on the 
s., in fabulis stultissima persona, Cic. 
Am. 26, fin.: these persons disapprove 
of the s. altogether, *his omnino displi- 
cent fabulae quae in scenis aguntur. 
Relating to the s., scénicus: s.-plays, 
actors, etc., ludi, actores scenici: Ter.: 
Cie.; Liv. IW. Field of action; cam- 
pus, lécns, area: v. FIELD (III.). (Not 
scena in this sense, nor even theatrum, 
though the latter occurs in somewhat 
similar use, Quint. 1, 2, 9, frequentia 
gaudere ac majore se theatro dignum 
putare: also scena is used fig. to denote 
publicity : the s. of the world; Hor. 8. 
2, I, 71, a vulgo et scena se removere : 
Cic.) IV. On a journey: expr. by 
iter: by very long s.s, maximis i., Caes. 
B. G. 1,7: an ordinary day’s s., justum 
diei i., id. B. C. 3, 76: by easy s.s, *brevi- 
bus lentisque i. (Statio, stabulum denote 
the place rested at: for stabulum, cf. 
Plin. 6, 19, 4.) V. Step of progress: 
gradus: v. STEP. 

stage-coach : *vehiculum publicum 
quo per stationes certas iter conficitur. 
-player: actor scenicus: his- 
trio: v. ACTOR. 

stagger: |. Intrans.. ie 
vacillo, 1 (as a drunken man): v. TO 
REEL. 2. tittbo, 1 (to trip and 
stumble, walle unsteadily): s.ing with 
years and wine (Silenus), annisque 
meroque titubans, Ov. M. 11, 90: Hor.: 
v. TO STUMBLE. See alsO TO TOTTER. 
Phr.: to s. home, *titubante pede do- 
mum reverti (R. and A.): * vacillante 
gressu domum repetere. |]. Trans. : 
to cause to shale, esp. in fig. sense : labé- 
facto, 1: Vv. TO SHAKE (I1.). Also com- 
moveo, 2 (which may denote any shock 
given to the mind): v. TO DISTURB, 
ALARM. Phr.: to be s.d and thrown 
into a panic, tumultuantem de gradu 
dejici, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80. 

staggering (part. and adj.) : vicil- 
lans, titibans: v. TO STAGGER. 

staggers (a disease of horses): perh. 
vertigo, inis, f. (lit. dizziness of the 
head in human beings): to have the s., 
vertigine laborare, Plin. 23, 1, 16, § 23: 
vertiginem capitis pati, Macr. 8. 4, 9. 

stagnant: |. Lit.: Standing, as 
water, not flowing on: 1, stagnans, 
ntis (strictly, part. of stagno, tu.form 
in pools): s. and motionless water, s. 
pigraeque aquae, Plin. 31, 3, 21. See 
also TO STAGNATE. 2. piger, gra, 
grum: ib. 8, iners, rtis (dull, 
motionless: poet.): whether the water 
lie s. or run on, seu stabit i. seu pro- 
fluit humor, Virg.G. 4,25. 4, torpens, 
ntis (strictly, benumbed so as to lose 
power of motion: poet.): s. lakes and 
motionless pools, torpentes lacus pigrae- 
que paludes, Stat.Th.9, 452. 5, lentus 
(slow of current, nearly stagnant) : cf. 
Plin. 36, 26, 65, lentus hic amnis cursu. 

6. in same sense, languidus: ef. 

Hor. 2, 14, 17, 1. flumine of Cocytus : 
Liv. 7. expr. stagnant water by 
stagnum (pond): cf. Virg. G. 1, 384, 
dulcibus in stagnis rimantur prata 
Caystri: or, palus, tdis, 7. (pool, swamp) : 
cf. Hor. Od. 3, 27, 9 (stantes paludes). 
To be S.: V. TO STAGNATE. I]. Fig.: 
Inert, inactive: iners, ignavus, piger: 
v. INACTIVE, SLUGGISH. Also of things, 
as trade, politics: perh. frigidus (flat, 
dull) ; and (poet.) languidus, ef. Lucan 
4, 699. Business is becoming s., forum 
refrigescit (cum Romae forum a judiciis 
refrixerit, Cic. Att. 1, I). 

stagnantly ; lenté, languide, pigré : 
Vv. SLOWLY, SLUGGISHLY. 

stagnate: |. Lit.: Toceasetorun 
or flow, as water, to become stagnant : 

1, stagno, 1 (40 form or Lie in pools : 

of which stagnaus is strictly a part. : 
V. STAGNANT): the waters of the Nile 
overflow and s., Nili aquae evagatae 

















stagnant, Plin.13,11,22. Q, sto, stéti, 
statum, 1 (poet.): Virg. G. 4, 25: v. 
STAGNANT (L.). Il. Fig.: of things, 
as business, trade; to be dull, to grow 
quiet: perh, refrigesco, frixi, 3: v. 
STAGNANT, jin. 
stagnation: i.e. the state of being 
stagnant : |, Of the mind: 1, ces- 
satio: (he thinks) nothing better than s. 
(inaction, idleness), nihil cessatione me- 
lius, Cic. N. 1). 1, 36, 102. 9. torpor 
(numbness, inactivity) : cf. Tac. H. 2, 99, 
torpor recens nimia fortunae indulgentia 
(= apathy, sluggishness) : in same sense 
torpedo, Sall. Or. fr., si tanta torpede 
animosoppressit. |], Of affairs, trade, 
etc.: expr. by frigeo, refrigescu: v. 
STAGNANT, fin. 
staid (adj.): sober, grave, not wild: 
1. gravis, e: of a s. and serious 
countenance, g. et tristi supercili», Plin, 
Pan. 41. 2. séverus; vy. SERIOUS, 
GRAVE. 
staidly ;: v. SOBERLY, GRAVELY. 
stain (v.): |, Zodiscolour, to spot: 
1, foedo, 1: v. TO SOIL, BEFOUL. oN 
décéloro, 1 (rare): what sea has not the 
blood of Italy s.’d? quod mare Dauniae 
non decoloravere caedes? Hor. Od. 2, 1, 
35: cf. Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8: v. TO Dis- 
coLour. 3, miacitlo, 1 (to fleck, spot): 
the drops s. the ground with gore, guttae 
terram tabo maculant, Virg. Aen. 3, 28: 
cf. Val. Fl. 4, 368, telas maculare ostro: 
s.’d, marked with spots, maculosus, Plin. 
36, 6, 13: Suet. I]. To dye, to colour : 
1, cdloro, 1: to s. wood with red 
earth, lignum ec. sinopide, Plin. 35, 6, 13. 
2. tingo (tinguo), nxi, inctum, 3: 
v. TO DYE. 3. inficio, féci, fectum, 3: 
all the Britons s. themselves with woad, 
omnes se Britanni vitro inf., Caes. B. G. 
5,14: Plin. 4, incdquo, xi, ctum, 3 
(to bake in; fix colour by heat; also in 
gen. sense: poet.): fleeces s.’d with Ty- 
rian red, vellera Tyrios incocta rubores, 
Virg. G. 3, 307. 5, fiico, 1: fleeces 
s.d with glass-green dye, vellera hyali 
saturo fucata colore, Virg. G. 4, 335: Vv. 
TO DYE. I]. Fig.: to spot with guilt, 
to pollute, disgrace: 1, foedo, 1: 
s.'d with foul crime, turpi crimine foee 
datus, Lucr. 3, 49: @ victory s.’d by 
cupidity, foedata per avaritiam victoria, 
Tac. A.4,19. 2, mactilo, 1: to pollute 
their offspring by parricide, m. partus 
suos parricidio, Liv. 1, 13: he s.d his 
glory by a shameful death, gloriam turpi 
morte maculavit, Nep. Paus. 5: Virg. Aen. 
Io, 851. 3, polluo, 3: v. TO POLLUTE, 
4, contamino, 1: to s. the name of 
the Roman people by crime, scelere no- 
men P. R. c., Auct. Harusp. 16. 5, 
expr. by ignominia notare, afficere: v. 
TO DISGRACE. Phr.: to s. oneself with 
the guilt of parricide, obstringere se par- 
ricidio, Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 29: s.’d, dis- 
graced, maculosus (maculosi senatores, 
Cic. Att. 1, 16) : to be s.’d (receive a stain), 
suscipere maculam, Cic. Leg. Man. 3, 7: 
V. POLLUTE, DISGRACE. 
stain (subs.): |. A discoloration : 
1, décéloratio: s. of water arising 
From contact with the soil, d. quaedam 
ex contagione terrena, Cic. Div, 2, 27, 58. 
2. miaciila (a spot, mark of a dif- 
Fervent colour): to take s.s out of clothes, 
m. auferre de vestibus, Ov. F. 3, 821. 
3. labes, is, f.: a toga without a s., 
sine l. toga, Ov. A. A. 1,514: ink handled 
leaves a s., tractata |. relinquunt atra- 
menta, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 235. 4, nota 
(any kind of mark): v. MARK. ll. 
Fig.: disgrace, cause of reproach : 
1, maciila: to efface a s., m. delere 
{Mithridatico bello suscepram], Cic. Man. 
3,7: covered with the s.s of vice, libi- 
dinum maculis notatissimus, Auct. Dom. 
Gg. 2. nota (the censor’s mark of in- 
jamy: hence in gen, sense): O foul s. 
of those times! O turpem n. temporum 
illorum! Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74: s. of do- 
mestic infamy, 1, domesticae infamiae 
id. Cat. 1, 6. 3, labes, is, f (a strong 
expr.): to wash out the s. (of the soul), 
1. eluere, id. Leg. 2, 10, 24: to castas. 
on any one, alicui |. inferre, id. Coel. 18, 
42. Join: labes atque macula, Cic 








STAINLESS 


4, infamia, probrum, dédécus;: v. 
DISGRACE, SHAME. : 
stainless (adj.): |, Without stains 
or spots (rare in this sense): purus, 
sine notis, maculis, labe ; nullis maculis 
distinctus, foedatus: v. CLEAN, PURE. 
Il. Fig.: without disgrace or crime: 
1, intéger, gra, grum: of s. life, 
integer vitae, kor. Od. 1, 22, 1. 
purus : 


to keep the soul s., animam 
puram conservare, Cic. Verr. 3, 58, 
134: V. PURE. 3, incorruptus: of s. 
(incorruptible) integrity, inc. fide, Tac. 
A. 12, 41: s. virgin (chaste), inc. virgo, 
Cic. Or. 19, 64. 4, immacilatus 
(poet.): Lucan 2, 736 (Tellus imma- 
culata sui servetur sanguine Magni). 

5, intémératus: s. faith, int. fides, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 143: Tac. 6, impol- 
litus: v. UNPOLLUTED. 7. plidicus 
(chaste, pure): s. Hippolytus, p. Hippo- 


lytus, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 25: a s. house, p. 
domus, Cic. Phil. 2, 3. See also CHASTE, 
PURE, 


stainlessly: pure, incorrupté: v. 
PURELY, CHASTELY. 
stair: |. 4 flight of steps: 1, 
scalae, arum: to throw oneself under 
the s.s of a shop, in scalas tabernae se 
conjicere, Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21: to live up 
three pair of s.s, tribus scalis habitare, 
Mart. 1, 118, 7. . gradis, uum: 
the s.s of the temples had been filled with 
the lowest of the people, gr. templorum 
ab infima plebe completi erant, Cic. Att. 
41. ||. One step in a flight of steps: 
1, griidus, is: one ascends by a 
fight of fourteen s.s, per quaterdenos 
itur gradus, Ov. Pont. 3, 2, 50: ef. Cic. 
Fin. 5, 14, 40: cf. Vitr. 2, 2, the first s. 
is mounted with the right foot, cum 
pede dextro primus gr. ascenditur. 
2. scala: he carried these home 
up two hundred s.s, haec per ducentas 
domum tulit s., Mart. 7, 20, 20. Phr.: 
back s.s, *scalae e posticis aedium parti- 
bus: to go up-s.s, ascendere scalas : to 
go down-s.s, descendere scalas: s.s lead- 
ing down into the street, scalae in 
publicum ferentes, Liv. 39, 14: an up- 
$.8 apartment, coenacilum, i, n.: Juy. 
| stairease: v. srair. 
stake (subs.): |, A piece of wood 
driven into the ground:  ]., palus: 
to tie a wine to a s., palo adjungere 
vitem, Tib. 1, 8, 33. 2, stipes, itis, m. : 
he fixes s.s sharpened at the point, s. prae- 
|acutos defigit, Caes. B. C.1, 27: to drive 
‘a s. through a man, adigere s. per me- 
dium hominem, Sen. Ep. 14. 8, siides, 
is, f.: he fixes s.s in the trenches, in fossis 
8. defigit, Caes.B.C.1,27. |, Stake to 
which criminals are tied for burning 
or other punishment: palus: bound 
to the s., ad palum alligatus, Cic. Verr. 
5, 5, 11: or, stipes, itis, m.: cf. Plin. 
8, 5, 15, Viri stipitibus alligati: to die 
at the s., igni cremari, Caes. B. G. 1, 4: 
to burn at the s., igni interficere, id. 6, 
19: necare, id. 1, 53: to condemn a man 
to the s., *aliquem flammis damnare. 
Ill. Something pledged or wagered : 
pignus, Oris, n.: to have a contest 
with a man for a s., pignore certare 
cum aliquo, Virg. E. 3, 31: posito pig- 
nore, Ov. A. A. 1, 168. Phr.: your in- 
terests are at s., res tua agitur, Hor. Ep. 
I, 18, 84: liberty, safety, property, cha- 
racter, t at s., libertas, salus, bona, 
existimatio, agitur: ef. Cic. Verr. 4, 51: 
Manil. 2, 6: Liv. 28, 19: to be ats. in 
discrimen venire, Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: 
and Liv. 29, 17, in discrimine esse. 
stake (v.): J. Vo pierce withas.: 
V. IMPALE, I]. Zo wager: 1, pono, 
sui, situm, 3: to s. cups, pocula p., 
Virg. E. 3, 36: cf. Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 77: 
he s.d his own ring against it, ille suum 
anulum opposivit. 2, dépodno, 3: tos. 
wu heifer, vitulam d., Virg. E. 3, 31: 
s.a talent against my sesterce, in meum 
numum, in tuum talentum, pignus da, 
Pl. Ep. 5, 2, 35. 
stale (aqdj.): 1, vétus, tris: that’s 
the s. old song, vetera vaticinamini, Pl. Ps. 
I, 3, 144: cf. id. Mil. 3, 1, 154: s. and 
old-fashioned talk, oratio vetus et an- 
tiqua, Pl. Mil. 3, 1,154. 2, obsdlétus: 


STAMMER 





the (names) are common and s., vulgaria 
et o. sunt, Cic. Quint. 18, 56. 38, vul- 
gatus: all subjects are now grown &., 
omnia jam vulgata, Virg. G. 3, 4. 
Prov.: stale repetitions, crambe bis 
repetita, Juv. 7,154. 4, vapidus, (of 
wine); cf. Pers. 148. 5, mucidus: s. 
crusts of bread, mucida panis frusta, 
Juv. 14, 128: s. wine, mucida vina, Mart, 
8,6. Phr.: the business has grown s., 
refrixit res, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 25: the 
matter ts not yet s., res jam calet, PL 
Poen. 4, 2, 92. 

stale(v.): to make water: méio, 3. 

stalemate: in chess: to cause a 
s., perh, ad incitas redigere sc, calces ; 
(ef. Pl. Poen. 4, 2, 85. Ad incitas leno- 
nem rediget, si eas abduxerit. Wi. 
Quin prius deperibit faxo, quam unam 
calcem civerit.) 

stalk (swbs.): the stem of a plant: 


1, stirps, pis, f.: Join: arborum | 


radices stirpesque, Cic. Or. 43,147. 2, 
stilus: the nut grows up with a single 
§., bux simplici s. prorepit, Col. 5, 10: 
s. of asparagus, s. asparagi, id. 11, 3. 
8. caulis, is, m.: a cabbage with a 
thick s., brassiea c. magno, Cato R. R. 
15/2. 4, caulictilus (diminutive of 
Joregoing): Plin. 12, 12, 26. 5, cul- 
mus, (of corn) : lest the s. fall forward 
with the weight of the ears, ne gravidis 
procumbat c. aristis, Virg. G. 1, 111. 
6, calamus: s.s of the lupine, 
lupini fragiles c., ib. 76. 7. scapus: 
a s. laden with a hundred beans, s. 
centum fabis onustus, Plin. 16, 24, 38. 
Foot-s. of leaves or fruit, pédiciilus, Plin. 
16, 24, 38: bean s.s, fabalia, ium, or 
caules fabarum, ib. 18, 12, 30. 
stalk (v.): |. To walk proudly : 
1, incédo, cessi, 3: you s. along m 
your pride at my misfortune, meo 
superbus incedis malo, Hor. Epod. 15, 18. 
2. ingrédior, essus sum, 3: he s.s 
in Jury on the plain, turbidus ingreditur 
campo, Virg. Aen. 10, 762. Perh. *gressu 
superbo (arroganti) ambulare. Il. Zo 
follow stealthily, as game: perh. insidiis 
excipere: cf. Virg. E. 3, 18: insidias 
explorare in aliquem: ef. Virg. G. 3, 537: 
let us s. boars, insidiemur apris, Mart. 
12, 14, Lo (opp. to rumpere, to run down). 
stalking-horse: v. PRETEXT, PRE- 
TENCE. 
stall (subs.): |, A place for cattle : 
1, stabiilum: to hear the bridle rat- 
tling in the s., s. frenos audire sonantes, 
Virg. G. 3, 295. 2. bubile, is, n. (an 
ox-s.): Cato R. R. 4 (masc. bubilis in 
Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 18). 3, tectum 
(poet.): he brings back the calves to 
their s.s, e pastu vitulos ad tecta re- 
ducit, Virg. G. 4, 434: to share the 
same S., una stabulare, Virg. G. 3, 224. 
Il, A seat: subsellium:; y. BENCH, 
SEAT. Il]. A small shop: taberna: a 
&. fitted up for carrying on a doctor’s 
trade, ornatam medicinae exercendae 
causa t., Cic. Cluent. 63, 198: @ book-s., 
taberna libraria, Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21: @ 
cobbler’s s., taberna sutrina, Tac. A. 15, 
34: a s.-keeper, tabernarius: Cic. Fl. 8, 
18: or, canpo, Onis, m.: ef. Hor. S. 1, 5, 4. 
stall (v.): to place or keepin a stall: 
stibilo, 1: let him feed and s. another 
man’s cattle, alienum pecus in suc fundo 
pascat ac stabulet, Varr. R. R. 1, 21: ef. 
Virg. G. 3, 352, they s. their catile closely, 
clausa tenent stabulis armenta. 
stallion: 1, équus admissarius, 
or simply, admissarius: cf. Plin. 28, 15, 
61. 2, Equus mas, maris. Circuml.: 
pecoris equini maritus: cf. Virg. G. 
3, 125. 
stamen: part of a flower: stamen, 
Inis, 7.: a bily with a fine s., lilium tenui 
stamine, Plin. 25, 5, 11. 
stamina: strength: v. STRENGTH. 
stammer (subs.): 1, haesitatio, 
Onis, f.: as. and hesitation, hb. tractus- 
que verborum, Cic. de Or. 2, 50,202. 2, 
haesitantia linguae : ef. Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16. 
stammer (.): 1, balbiitio, ivi, 
itum, 4 (rare as intrans. and literal) : 
cf. Cic. Acad. 2, 45, to s. out @ thing, 
aliquid balbutire. 2, lingua haesito, 1, 
Cic, de Or. 1, 25, 115. 8. balbus sum: 


STAND 





since he s.’d so, quum ita b. esset, Cie. de 
Or. 1, 61, 260: wus through the nose, 
balba de nare loqui, Pers. 1, 33. 
stammerer: baibus: she is as. and 
can’t spealc, baiba loqui non quit, Luer. 
4, 1160: V. STAMMERING. 
stammering (adj.): 1, balbus: 
&. words, b. verba, Tib. 2, 5, 94: a s, 
tongue, os balbum, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 126. 
2. blaesus (lisping): a s. tongue, 
blaesa lingua, Ov, A. A. 3, 294. 
stamp (subs.): |. An imstrument 
| for mauling an impression : 1, mé- 
néta: Mart. 12, §5, 8. 2. forma: a 
denarius made by the public s., denarius 
publicae f., Sen. Ben. 5, 29: expr. by 
*instrumentum quo aliquid imprimitur, 
cuditur, I]. An impression, mark: 
], nota: coins uith every kind 
of s., nUMOS omnis notae, Suet. Aug. 15: 
2. (s. of @ signet ving), signum: 
let him mark this paper with his s., 
imprimat his s. tabellis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 38. 
3. imago, Inis, /. (fiyure): the letter 
and thes. on it assured me, epistola aque 
i. me certum fecit, Pl. Ps. 4,6, 35. Phr.: 
a man of high s., vir clarus, eximius: 
a man of low s., *homo pravi ingenii, 
malis artibus: men of his own s., sui 
similes, Cic.: your words and actions 
are of the same s., facta dictaque tua 
una forma percussa sunt, Sen. Ep. 34: 
kindnesses of no common s., beneficia 
non ex vulgari nota, Sen. Ben. 3, g: 
a poem of the ordinary s., carmen com- 
muni moneta, Juv. 7, 55: cf. Hor. A. P, 
59. Ill. 4 s. of the foot: supplosio 
pedis, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 47: ictus pedis, 
Plin. 8, 43, 68: as. of the feet to mark 
time, ictus modulantium pedum, id. 2, 
95, 96. 
stamp (v.): |. To impress with a 
mark : 1. signo, 1: let them s. the 
bronze, silver, or gold, with the public 
mark, aes, argentum, aurumve pub- 
lice signanto, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6. > 
cido, udi, usum, 3 (ef money) : Is. silver 
money, cudo argentum, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 
18. 3, fério [percussi, ssum], 4: to s, 
asses, asses f., Plin. 33, 2, 13,44. Also, 
ferire nota: cf. Suet. Aug. 94; and fer- 
ire forma: cf. Sen. Ep. 34,ad jin. Fig.: 
imprimo, essi, essum, 3: nature has 
s.’d the notion upon the minds of all, 
in omnium animis eorum notionem i. 
ipsa natura, Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 43: to 
s. with approval, probare, laudibus or- 
nare: s.d with the popular approval, 
*consensu populi probatum, I]. Zo 
strike the ground with the foot: Ae 
supplodo, Osi, 3 (v. a. and n.): no one 
s.'d his foot, pedem nemo supplosit, Cic, 
de Or. I, 53, 230. 2. Phr.: pede 
pulsare humum, cf. Ov. F. 6, 330: (of 
@ horse), cavare tellurem, cf. Virg. G. 3, 
8): tos. upon: V. TRAMPLE, 
stanch («dj.): v. FIRM, CONSTANT. 
stanch (v.): Phr.: to s. blood, 
supprimére, cdhibére, sistére sangui- 
nem: cf. Cels. 2, 10: Plin. 22, 25, 71° 
id. 20, 7, 25. (Cf. Colum. 6, 33: to s, 
the bleeding of the nose, profluvium sun- 
guinis per nares inhibere.) 
stanchion: Vv. PRP, STAY. 
stand (suls.): |. Act of stopping, 
halt: mora: to bring business to a 
S., moram rei alicui inferre, Cic. Inv. 1, 
g. Phr.: he brought the army toa s., 
agmen constituit, Sall. J. 49: to makea 
S., resto, stiti, 1: nulla ratio est restandi, 
Lucer. 1, 111: where a very feeble s. is 
made: qua minima vi restatur, Liv. 
34, 15: to make a s. against, restare ad- 
versum aliquid, Tac. A. 3,46: v. RESIST. 
To be at a S.: V. STANDSTILL, Phr.: 
I take my s. upon the justice of my 
cause, *in causa spem omnem pono, 
Il. That on which anything ts 
placed : per. suggestus, Us (platform) : 
tripes mensa (board with three legs), 
Hor. S. 1, 3, 13: candélabrum (s. for 
a lamp): abacus (for plate), Cic. Verr- 
4, 16, 35- Ill. A place for standing : 
léciis, statio: @ cab-s., *locus quo meri- 
toriae rhedae collocantur, sistuntur, 
stand (v.): |. Not to sit or lie 
down : 1, sto, stéti, statum, 1: both 
of these are s.ing, not sitting, hi stant 
791 





STAND 


STAND 


STANDARD 





ambo, non sedent, Pl. Capt. prol. 2: not 
to fall: when they saw that the walls 
were s.ing, ut [praeter spem} muros s. 
viderunt, Liv. 33, 5. Meton.: the re- 
public would be s.ing, you would have 
fallen, respnblica staret, tu concidisses, 
Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 24: who as long as I was 
s.tng could not s., qui me stantestare non 
poterant, id. Fam. 7, 2: the fortunes of the 
race s. firm, stat fortuna domus, Virg. G. 
4,209. Q, persto, stiti, statum, 1: the 
cavalry continued s.ing the whole day, 
equites diem totum perstabant, Liv. 44, 
33. ||. Not to move: |, sto, stéti, 
statum, 1: why do you s.? quid stas? 
Ler. Andr. 5, 6, 15. 2. consisto, stiti, 
stitum, 3: s. here at your ease, otiose 
hic consiste, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 2: v. REMAIN. 
Il. Zo halt, stop: 1, subsisto, 
stiti, 3: the rest stood still on the road, 
reliqui in itinere s., Caes. B. C. 2, 41. 
2. consisto, stiti, stitum, 3: both 
armies stood still, constitit utrumque 
agmen, Liv. 21, 46. 8. résisto, stiti, 
3: upon being again and again called 
to, he stood still and looked back, ille 
saepius appellatus aspexit ac restitit, 
Caes. B.C. 2, 35. 4, resto, stiti, 1: 
if Is, still he hurries me on, si resto, 
pergit ut eam, Pac. in Non. 77,25. 5, 
quiesco, évi, étum, 2: s.ing waters of 
the Nile, quiescentes Nili aquae, Plin. 
eH) Os 9p IV. To remain : % 
sto, I: men who could not s. at home, 
qui domo s. non poterant, Cic. Flacc. 6, 14. 
9. consto, stiti, statum, 1: neither 

his complexion nor his expression s.s as 
tf was, non color non vultus ei c., Liv. 
39, 34. 8. maneo, nsi, nsum, 2: 
nothing s.s always in its proper position, 
nihil semper suo statu m., Cic. N. D. 1, 
12. 4, consisto, stiti, stitum, 3: those 
with whom the fault began, by them s.s 
the punishment, unde culpa orta est ibi 
poena c., Liv. 28, 26. Phr.. a s.ing 
grievance: perh. *offensio perpetua. 
V. To s. one’s ground : 1, sto, 
stéti, statum, 1; fo s. one’s ground on 
the field of battle, in acie s. Liv. 22, 60. 
2. persto, stiti, statum, 1: s. 

your ground and be firm, persta 
atque obdura, Hor. S. 2, 5, 39. 3. 
consisto, stiti, stitum, 3: there is some 
hope that he may at length stand 
his ground, spes est hune tandem 
posse consistere, Cic. Quint. 30, 94. 
4, subsisto, stiti, 3}: to s. his 
ground against Hannibal, Hannibali 
subsistere, Liv. 29, 7. 5. maneo, 
hsi, nsum, 2: he s.s his ground un- 
daunted, manet imperterritus ille, Virg. 
Aen. 10, 770: cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 41, 
m. in loco ordinesque servare. Vi. 
To be in a particular state: Phr.: the 
matter s.s thus, sic resse habet, Cic. Fam. 
13,8- as matters s., pro, ore re nata, Cic. 
Att. 7, 8. Vil. Zo s. as a rule, ob- 
tuin currency : i, sto; a: the 
rule in oratory once wrongly formed 
stood, semel corrupta regula eloquentiae 
stetit, Petr. 2. 2. obtineo, tinui, ten- 
tum, 2. tf used formerly to s. for true, 
pro vero antea obtinebat, Sall. de Rep. 
Ord. 1, init. 3, méaneo, nsi, nsum, 2: 
let this s. agreed, that what is base is 
never expedient, maneat ergo, quod turpe 
sit, id nunquam utile esse, Cic. Off. 3, 
12,49. VIII. To stand a thing, endure 
it: 1, téléro, tr. to s. the winter, 
hiemem t., Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 23. 
patior, passus, 3: my vote is that we 
s. these things, haec patienda censeo, 
Liv. 21, 13. 3. perpétior, pessus, 3: 
to s. his falseness, mendacitatem p., Cic. 
Off. 5, 11, 32. 4. sustineo, tinui, ten- 
tum, 2: tos. labours, labores s., Cic. Rep. 
i 3: 5, perféro, tiili, latum, 3: 
to s. all manner of indignities, omnes 
indignitates p., Caes. B. G. 2, 14. 6. 
substo, 1: I fear he won't s. it, metuo 
ut substet, Ter. And. 5, 4, II. IX. 
Legal: Phr.: To s. one’s trial, sisti in 
judicio, Ulp. Dig. 2, 5, 3: sisti, Cic. 
Quint. 7. X. To stand, be erected, as 
buildings : 1, sto, 1: the walls were 
already s.ing, moenia jam stabant, Ov. 
F. 3, 181. 2. maneo, 2: the fortifi- 


cations were still s.ing, munitiones ine | 


7192 


tegrae manebant, Caes. B. G. 6, 31: cf. 





stiti, statum, 1. one chariot s.s one in 


Virg. Aen. 3, 85, mansuramque urbem. | four hundred thousand sesterces, unae 


XI. Zo cost: v. srann In, 

stand about: Vv. Loirer. 

—— against: 1, sustineo, tinui, 
tentum, 2: to s. against the just request 
of the goddess, deam justa petentem s., 
Ov. M. 14, 188. 2. resisto, stiti, sti- 
tum, 3: to s. against them as they come, 
venientibus r., Caes. B.C. 1, 55. Phr.: 
to s.against any one for an office, *petere 
honorem adversus aiiquem: v. sup. 
) (IIL). 

— aloof: 1, absto, stiti, statum, 
| 1: tf you s. further aloof, si longius 
abstes, Hor. A. P. 362. 2, to s. aloof 
Jrom: abstineo, tinui, 2: when the 
greater part of the men of eloquence did 
not s, aloof even from Publius Sulla, 
cum se plurimi disertorum ne a P. qui- 
dem Sulla abstinerent, Tac. Or. 40. 
3. s. aloof! procul este! Virg. Aen. 
6, 258. 4. deéficio, féci, fectum, 3: 
to s. aloof from all men of character, 
a bonis omnibus d., Cic. Plane. 35, 86. 
at: Phr. tos.at a disadvan- 
tage: perh. *impari fortuna uti: to s. at 
am advantage: perh. *meliore loco esse, 
meliore fortuna uti: to s. at ease, perh. 
*quiescere (consistere), sub armis, in 
acie: to s. at nothing, *nibil periculi 
detrectare : nihil non conari: coelum 
ac mare miscere, Liv. 4, 3: cf. Juv. 2, 
25, 6, 282: to s. at a distance, procul 
hine stare, Ter. Hec. 4, 3, I. 
before : |. To s. in front 
of, ante aliquid stare, cf. Ter. And. 3, 1, 
16. ||. Zn presenceof: Phr,: tos. before 
the court, coram judicibus se sistere: 
you seem to be sing before my face, 
coram adesse videris, Cic. Fam. 15, 16: 
cf. Hor. Epod. 11, 19, that you are s.ing 
before me, te coram adesse. Ill. Zo 
s. before, for protection: v. PROTECT. 
IV. To withstand: sustinére, ré- 
sistére, obsistére alicui: Vv. WITHSTAND. 
V. To excel: Vv. EXCEL. 

— behind: ¢@ s. behind any one, 
*a tergo stare alicui, post tergum stare : 
aliquem tegere, cf. Stat. S. 5, 1, 26. 
by: |. S. close to: 1, ad- 

















sisto, stiti, 3: to s. close to the doors, 
adsistere ad fores, Cic. Verr. 1, 26, 66. 

2, juxta allquid, prope aliquid, prope 
ab aliquo, stare: v. NEAR, HARD BY. | f, 
To assist: 1, adsum, fui: J will s. by 
your interests, tuis rebus adero, Cic. Fam. 
6, 14: cf. Virg. G. 1, 18, s. by me with 
Favour, adsis O Tegeaee favens (usually, 
to support as an advocate). 2, assisto, 
stiti, 3: I stood by Varrenus, assistebam 





Varreno, Plin. Ep. 7, 6: v. HELP, ASSIST. 
Ill. Yo be true to, abide by: 1. 
maneo, nsi, nsum, 2; to s. by one’s pro- 
mises, promissis m., Virg. Aen. 2, 160. 
2. persto, stiti, statum, 1: tos. by 
one’s opinion, sententia p.. Caes. B.G. 7, 
26. 3, sto, stéti, statum, 1: tos. by 
one’s word, in fide s., Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 
28: ef. id. Brut. 79, 273, to s. by the men 
of character, *s.a bonorum causa. 4, 
perh. *servare fidem, promissa : fideliter 
curare aliquem. 

— condemned : 
esse, Cic. Mil. 13, 35. 

— convicted: to s. convicted in 
the act, manifestum teneri, Pl. Men. 4, 2, 
2g: manifestum haberi, Sall. C. 41: to 
s. convicted of falsehood, manifestum 
mendacii haberi, Pl. Truc. 1, 2, 36. 

—— down: of a speaker: perh. 
* descendere a rostro, descendere. 

— firm: perdiro, diro, 1: v. To 
PERSIST. 

—for: |. In the place of: stare 
pro aliquo: in loco alicujus: to s. for 
one as security, spondere pro aliquo, Cic. 
Plane. 19, 47. |l. To be hindered by : 
he does not s. for such trifles, *non in 
tantillis rebus haeret. tantillas res nihil 
moratur. — |], To demand: v. cLarm, 
DEMAND. 

— good: sto, maneo, obtineo: v. 
HOLD GOOD. 


damnari; reus 


— jin: |, Tocost: 1, sto,stéti, 
statum, 1: that affair stood the Achaeans 


in a hundred talents, centum talentis ea 





res Achaeis stetit, Liv. 34,50. 2, consto, 








quadrigae c. quadringentibus millibus, 
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14. the sum that the 
funeral s.s one im, quanti funus c., 
Suet. Vesp. 19: it s.s me in more money, 
carius mihi ¢., Lucil. in Non. 272, 25: 
it ss one in a very little, vilissime v., 
Col. 9, 1,6. v. cos. Il. Phr.. tears 
s. in his eyes, lacrimae oboriuntur, cf, 
; Virg. Aen. 11, 41: fletibus ora natant, 
Stat. Th. 2, 337: it will s. you in good 
stead, tibi ob rem erit, Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 40: 
ubi usui erit, Cic. Att. 1, 1. tibi proderit, 
expediet: to s. in awe of Jove, vereri 
Jovem, Pl. Amph. prol.22: Is. in great 
Jear, magno timore sum, Cic. Att. 5, 14: 
to s. in the greatest danger, in maximis 
periculis versari, Cic. Rab. Post. y, 23: 
to s. in danger of losing renown, gloriae 
periculum facere, Tac. A. 15, 6: he re- 
garded them as s.ing in the same posi- 
tion, illos in eodem loco habuit, Caes. B.G 
I,26 tos. in need of : V, NEED, WANT. 
standon: |, Lit.: 1, insto, stiti, 
1. tos. on the hills, instare jugis, Virg. 
Aen. II, 529. tos. on the couch, instare 
in triclinio, Suet. ‘Tib. 72. 2. insisto, 
stiti, 3: villas s. on the bank of the river, 
villae i. margine fluminis, Plin. Ep. 8, 8. 
Il. Tos. on end: |, horreo, ui, 2: 
Latona often grieved that her sacred 
hair should s. on end, saepe hb. sacros 
doluit Latona ecapillos, Tib. 2, 3, 23: his 
hair s.s up on end, erectus h. crints, 
Sen. Herc. Oet. 307. Q, sto, stéti, sta- 
tum, 1: his hair stood on end, steterunt 
comae, Virg. Aen. 2, 774. 3. rigeo, 
ui, 2: his hair s.s on end with cold fear, 
gelidoque comae terrore r., Ov. M. 3, 100. 
Ill. Met.: tos. on ceremony, perh. 

* nihil nisi sollenni more agere: fo s. on 
one’s dignity, perh. * dignitati, gravitati 
consulere: indignari: dedecoris causa 
irasci : to s. on one’s rights, suo jure vin- 
dicare (asserere) aliquid, ef. Cic. Off. 1, 1. 

— out: |. Project: 1, exsto, 
stiti, statum, 1; the ship s.s out of the 
water, navis exstat aquis, Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 
14: the soldiers s. out of the water, 
milites e. ex aqua, Caes. B. G. 5, 18. 

2. émineo, ui, 2: since there is 
nothing s.ing out from the earth, quum 
ex terra nihil e., Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93: 
stakes s. out from the branches, stipites 
ab ramis e., Caes. B. G. 7, 73: the mon- 
ster s.s out from the sea, bellua ponto e., 
Ov. M. 4, 690. 3. luxiirio, 1 (poet.): 
his breast s.s out with a wealth of mus- 
cle, luxuriatque toris pectus, Virg. G. 
3, NSl*) Va SPEOJECK: I]. To s. out 
against : Vv. ENDURE, RESIST. ll. 
Phr.: to s. out of the way of any one, 
decedere de via alicui, Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 80: 
decedere alicui, Caes. B. G. 6, 13: tos. 
out to sea (naut.), in altum provehi, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 28: solvere naves, ib.: 
se capessere in altum, PL Asin. 1, 3, 6. 

—— gtil]: stationem facere, Plin. 2, 
17, 15: v. TO STAND, II. and ILI. 

— to: |. Abide by: v. sTAND By. 

Il. Phr.: t s.s to reason, necesse 
est ; ratione necesse est, Lucr. : sequitur, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: it s.s to reason that 
we should not lose such an opportunity, 
nulla est ratio amittere occasionem ejus- 
modi, Cic. Caec. 5, 15. 

— under: V. ENDURE, SUPPORT, 

Pp: |. Surgo, consurgo, 
me attollo, 3: v. RISE. |], Tos. up for 
any one, defendere aliquem, adesse ali- 
cui: V. STAND BY, DEFEND: to 8. up to 
any one, *coram alicui_ resistere: 
to s. upright, erectum stare: recto talo 
stare, cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 176: recto se 
attollere trunco, Ov. M. 2, 822. 

— upon: V. STAND ON. 

— with: as it may s. with your 
convenience, quod tuo commodo fiat, Cic. 
Fam. 4, 2: how do things s. with you ? 
quid rerum geritis? Cat. 28, 4: to s. well 
with any one, gratiosus apud aliquem 
esse, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58: how did you s. 
with Caesar? quem locum apud Cae- 
sarem obtinuisti? id. Phil. 2, 29, 71. 

standard: |, A military flag: 

1, vexillum: so that you raised 
your s. ut v. toileres, Cic. Phil. 2, 4a 





» tine 


STANDARD-BEARER 


STAKK 


START 





102. Q, signum: so that neither the 
s-bearers could see the way, nor the 
soldiers the s.s, ut neque signiferi viam 
nec s, milites viderent, Liv. 33, 7. mili- 
tary 8.8, signa militaria, Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 
ep 8. iiquila (properly, the s. of a 
Roman legion): a silver s., aquila ar- 
gentea, Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24; s.s opposed to 
hostile s.s, and legions matched against 
each other, infestisque obvia signis 
signa, pares aquilas, Luc. 1, 6. Phr.- 
to desert one’s s., signa relinquere, Sall. 
Cat. 7: to serve under a man's s., sub 
signis alicujus militare, Liv. 23, 42: in 
exercitu alicujus militare, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 
36 apud aliquem militare, Curt. 6, 5. 
I]. That by which anything ts mea- 
sured : 1, mensiira: s. of weights 
and measures, mensuras et pondera in- 
venit Phidon, Plin. 7, 56, 57. mensura 
publice probata: pondus publice pro- 
batum, Modest. in Digest. 2, norma: 
Plin. ib.: nature is the s. by which 
law is framed, vatura norma legis, 
Cic. Leg, 2, 24, 61. 8. régiila: let 
there be a s. for assigning equal penal- 
ties to faults, assit regula, peccatis 
quae poenas irroget aequas, Hor. S. 1, 3, 
118. 4, formila: to set up a s., 
f. exprimere, Cic. Or. 11, 36. Phr.: as. 
author, perb. scriptor classicus, Gell. 7, 
13: Polybius is a s. author of the highest 
authority, Polybius bonus auctor in 
primis, Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113: our human 
s. of right and wrong, nostri mores, 
Pers. 2,63: to set up a s. of right and 
, Mores ponere, Virg. Aen. 1, 264: 
to have a high s. of morality, *ex optimo 
exemplo vitam agere. 
standard-bearer: 1, vexillarius: 
a rank has one s., ordo unum vy. 
habet, Liv. 8, 8. 9. signifer, éri, m.: 
upon the s. being killed, s. interfecto, 
Caes. B.G. 2,25. 3, aquilifer, éri, m.: 
Caes. B.C. 5, 31: the post of a s.: aquila: 
cf. Juv. 14, 197, ut locupletem aquilam 
tibi sexagesimus annus afferat. 
standing (subs.): |, Not siting or 


mg: status, is, m.: s., walking, | 


sitting, s., incessus, sessiv, Cic. Off. 1, 35, 
128. |]. 4 s-still : 
f.: the s.-still of the planets, errantium 
stellarum i., Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 62. py 
statio, Onis, f.: Plin. 2, 17, 15. 
sition, rank: |, status, Us, m.: which 
things dragged me down from my 
old s., quae me convellerunt de pristino 
statu, Cic. Att. 8, 15. 9. locus: 
be of the s. of a Ienight, esse ex equestri 
L, Cic.: men of lower s., homines in- 
feriore loco, id. Verr. 1, 48. 83. ordo, 
inis, m.: the s. of a freedman, ordo 
libertini, Suet. Gramm. 18. 4. con- 
ditio, onis, f.: the s. of slaves, c. servo- 
rum, Cic. Off. 1,13, 41. Phr.- writers 
of no great s., scriptores quibus non- 
dum est insignis auctoritas, cf. Tac. A. 
14, 16: I know what my s. is at this 
time, qui sim hoc tempore intelligo, Cic. 
Fam. 6, 1, extr. 

stand-still: Phr.. the profligate 
was at a s., haerebat nebulo, Cic. Phil. 
2, 29, 14 the speech comes to a s., oratio 
haeret in salebra, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84: 


the sedition coming to a s., stupente sedi- | 


tione, Liv. 28, 25: the whole conduct o 
the war was at a s., omnis administratio 
belli constitit, Caes. B.C. 2,12: v. STAND 


(subs.). 
stanza: 1, carmen tetrastichum, 
Quinct. 6, 3,96. 2, tetrastichon, -um, 


i, n.: because you write certain s.s not 
without some wit, quod non insulse 
scribis tetrasticha quaedam, Mart. 4, 85, 
1. 8. distichon, i, m. (s. of two lines) : 
you compose s.s, disticha facis, id. 7, 85, 
2: a poem written in s.s, perh. *carmen 
in strophas quaternorum versuum di- 
visum. 
staple (subs.): |, An iron loop: 
perh. *ferramentum incurvum; uncus 
ferreus. I]. 4 market: emporium : 
as. for Indian goods, Indicarum mer- 
cium e., Plin. 5, 9, Il. V. MARKET, 
I. That which is sold at a market: 
¥, MERCHANDISE. 
staple (adj.): the s. commodities of 
@ country, perh. * quaecunque aliqua in 





1, institio, dnis, | 


Ill. Po- 


to | 








terra veneunt: the s. productions of 
Arabia, Arabiae merces, Plin. 19, I, 2 
the s. trade, mercimonium: cf. Tac. A. 


15, 38. 
star: |. A heavenly body: its 
stella. the chilly s. of Saturn, frigida 


Saturni s., Virg. G. 1, 336. 2. si- 
dus, éris, n. (strictly, a constellation) : 
the ill-omened s. of Suturn, triste Sa- 
turni s. Juv. 6, 569. 3, astrum : 
Caesar's s., Caesaris a. Virg. E. 9, 47. 
4. signum: Hor. S. 2, 5, Io. 
Phr.: the morning-s., Licifer, Eri, m. : 
or, stella Veneris~ (cf. stella Veneris, 
quae Pwadopos Graece, Latine dicitur 
Lucifer, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53): the evening-s, 
Hespérus, or -os, ib.: or, Vesper, éris, 
or éri, m.: Vespero surgente, Hor. 
Od. 2, 9, 10: a wandering s., stella 
errans, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 51: stella vaga, 
Luc. 9, 12: planéta, ae, m.: stella erra- 
tica: erro, Gell.: v. PLANET: jized 58.8, 
astra infixa certis locis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 
62: astra fixa, Luc. 12: @ lueley s.. 
faustum sidus, Cat. 64, 330. born under 
a lucky s., sidere dextro editus, Stat. S. 
3. 4, 63: an unlucky s., durum sidus, 
Prop. 1, 6, 36: the s. under which one ts 
born, astrum natale, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 187: 
sidus natalicium, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91: the 
courses of the s.s, errantium stellarum 
cursus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 62: to raise to 
the s.s, educere, ferre, inferre in astra 
aliquem, Cic.: Virg.: Hor.: covered 
with $8: V. STARRY: S.-gazer, astri- 
légus ; v. ASTROLOGER: to be s.-gazing, 
haud penes se esse, cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 
273: @ shooting-s., deciduum sidus, Plin. 
2, 8, 6; (cf. Cic. Div. 2, 6, 16: stellae 
trajectio): a globe of the s.s, sphaera, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 63. I. Anything 
in the shape of a s.: stella: let the 
vine be separated into the shape of a ., 
Vitis in stellam dividatur, Colum. 4, 17. 
II]. A person of brilliant qualities : 
1, sidus, ris, 7.: Us. of the Fubian 
family, O sidus Fabiae, Maxime, gentis 
ades, Ov. Pont. 3, 3,2. 2, limen, inis, 
n.: most illustrious men, stars of the 
republic, praestantissimi viri lumina 
reipublicae, Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37: @ s. 
among orators, lumen eloquentiae, id. 
Brut. 17. 
star (0.): to cover with stars: stello, 
atum, 1 (rare): gems s.’d with a repre- 
sentation of the Hyades in their proper 
number and position, gemmae s. Hya- 
dum et numero et dispositione, Plin. 17, 
9, 28. 
starboard: perh. *dextrum latus 
navis, 
starch (subs.): amylum: Plin. 18, 


9, 17s 

starch (v.): to stiffen: amylo, 1: 
Apic. 7, 6: s.’d (stiff and proud) : perh. 
superbus, tristis, séverus: v. STIFF, 
PROUD. 

stare (subs.): 1, obtitus, tis, m. : 
he keeps his countenance in a fixed s., 
defixa obtutu tenet ora, Virg. Aen. 7, 
250. 9, intentio oculorum, Cic. de Or. 
3, 59, 222: V. GAZE. 

stare (v.): 1, to s. with riveted 
eyes, defixis oculis torpere, Ov. Met. rr, 
76. 2. inbio, 1: he s.s fixedly at and 


of ; consults the steaming entrails, inhians 


spirantia consulit exta, Virg. Aen. 4, 
64. 8. stiipeo, ui, 2: while you are 
saying this, we blockheads s., haec dum 
loqueris nos barones st., Cic. Fin. 2, 23, 
77: some s. at the offering to Minerva, 
pars stupet donum Minervae, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 31. 

— at: 1, intiieor, itus, 2: s.ing at 
you, intuens in te, Cic. Br. 97, 331. 2, 
contemplor, atus, 1: don’t wonder or s. 
at me, mirari noli neque me c., Pl. Poen. 
SF LOs 3, specto, 1: rejoice because 
a thousand eyes s. at you as you speak, 
gaude quod s. oculi te mille loquentem, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 6,19. 4, haerere defixum 
in aliquo, Val. Fl. 5, 377 

star-fish ; stella: Plin. 9, 60, 86. 

stark: |]. (Adj.), stiff: rigidus: v. 
RIGID, STIFF. |f, (Adv.), quite: s. naked, 
plane nudus. omni veste exutus. nudus 
membra, Virg. Aen. 8, 425: V, NAKED 
s. mad, délirus, Cic.: Hor.* démens, 


Cic.: Lucr.: Hor.: insanus, Cic.: Hor.: 
vésanus, Cic.: Hor.: v. MAD. 
starlight : acthra siderea, Virg. Aen. 
3, 585° ignes siderei, Ov. M. 15, 665: @ 
&. night, nox sideribus illustris, Tac. A. 
1, 50. there is s., * lucent sidera: sunt 
astrorum ignes, Virg. Aen. 3, 585. 
starlike: starlike eyes, stellantia 
lumina, Val. FL. 3, 98. 
starling; sturnus: Plin. 10, 24, 35: 
Jlocks of 3.8, sturnorum agmina, id. 18, 
1), 45- 
star-lizard: stellio, dnis, m.; Virg.G. 
4, 233- 
starry: 1, the s. heaven, coelum 
astris distinctum et ornatum, Cic. N. D. 
2. 37,95: (nocturni coeli forma undique 
sideribus ornata, id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68). 
2, sidéreus (poet.). the s. head of 
| Night, caput s. noctis, Ov. M. 15, 31. 
8. stellans, ntis (poet.): thes. heaven, 
s. coelum, Virg. Aen. 7, 210. 4, stel- 
latus (poet.). the s. house, domus 6., 
Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 8. 5, stellifer, 
éra, érum (rare): the s. tract of heaven, 
coeli cursus s., Cic. Somn. Se. 5 
start (subs.): |, A swiden motion of 
the body from fear or surprise: perb. re- 
pens tremor: subita trepidatio: to wake 
up with a s., repente excuti somno: cf, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 302. ||. 4 beginning: 
1, initium: it takes its s. from 
the Rhone, i. capit a flumine Rhodano, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: to make a bad s., male 
ponere initia, Cic. Att.10,18. 2, initus 
movendi, Lucr. 1, 384: initus motus, id. 
2, 269. II]. 4 setting out: prdfectio, 
Onis, f.: to get ready for @ &., pr. 
parare, Caes. B.C. 1,27. Phr.: to make 
a fresh s. in life, ad carceres a calce re- 
vocar, Cic. de Sen. 23,83: when you have 
as it were just made a &., tanquam a 
carceribus emissus, id. Am. 27: t& give 
the signal for a s., mittere mappam, 
Mart. 12, 29, 9: (cf. Ov. M. 10, 652, the 
trumpets had given the signal foras., 
| signa tubae dederant) to get the s. of 
| any one, occupare aliquem, cf. Cic. Tuse. 
5,9, 27: Antony had tuo days’ s. of me, 
biduo me A. antecessit, id Fam. 11, 13: 
I wonder where I got the s. of her, miror 
ubi ego huic anteverterim, Ter. Eun. 4, 
5, 12: the king had got a considerable s., 
aliquantum viae praeceperat rex, Liv. 
36, 19: the enemy was likely by a short 
cut to get a s., hostis breviore via prae- 
venturus erat, Liv 22, 24. 
start (v.): |. To move suddenly 
From agitation or fear: 1, trémisco, 
3: he ss at the sound of footsteps and 
voice, sonitumque pedum vocemque tr., 
Virg. Aen. 3, 648. 9. résilio, ui, 4 
the polypus s.s back from the smell of 
savory, polypus r. ab odore cunilae, 
Plin. 10, 70, go. 3, concitior, cussus, 
3: Sen. Tranq. 2. 4, horreo, ui, 2: 
he s.s when hands are applied to fresh 
wounds, h. admotas vulnera cruda 
manus, Ov. Pont. 1, 3, 16. 5, com- 
moveri métu: cf. Ter. And. 5, 4, 34. 
6. expiivesco, pavi, 3: to s. at an 
uproar, ex. ad tumultum aliquem, Plin. 
10, 77, 97° cf. Liv. 6, 14. 7, tos. up. 
exsilio, émergo, Lucr. 2, 200. 8, to 
s. back: v. RECOIL. ||. Tos. asunder 
burst: 1, dissilio, ui, 4. bronze vessels 
often s. asunder, aera dissiliunt vulgo, 
Virg. G. 3, 363. 2, rumpor, dirumpor 
Vv. SNAP. Il. To set out: 1, profi- 
ciscor, fectus, 3: when you had s.'d to 
come to mé, cum ad me pr. es ire, Pl. Rud. 
3,6, 9: (cf. Ter. Ad. 2, 2,16: pr.Cypram 
pe s. for Cyprus)). Q. incipére itér 
1. Cas. 2, 1, 16. 8, in viam se dare 
e s. on a journey), Cic. Fam. 14, 12 
Phr.: to s. with: primum, inprimis, 
a primo: cf. id N, D. 2, I, 3, he proves, 
to s. with, that gods exist, then what 
their nature is, primum docet deos esse 
deinde quales sint: in a low tone to 8. 
with, then more earnest, Summissus & 
primo, deinde pressus, id. Or. 8, 26 
T now return to the subject with which I 
s.’d, nunc ad inceptum redeo, Sall. J. 4, 
jfin.: to s. in a race, carcere mitti, or 
emitti, Ov. H. 18, 166: carcere effundi, 
Virg. G. 3, 104. e carceribus exire, Cic. 
Brut. 47, 173; carceribus mitti, Hor. S. 
793 








STARTER 





1.1, 154. IV. To set on foot: 
instituo, ui, itum, 3. to s. a barter in 
one’s own house, domesticum mercatum 
i, Cie’ Phil. 3, 12, 30. 2. initium 
alicujus facére~ ef. Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 20, he 
would have s.’d the massacre with me, 
caedis initium fecisset a me. 34. 
auspicor, atus,1 to s. one’s life, vitam 
a., Plin. 7, prooem. 3. 4, aggrédior, 
gressus, 3 to S. a@ canvass, ad petitionem 
a., Cic. Mur. 7, 15: to s. a business, nego- 
tium a., id. Off. 1,21,73. 5, commdveo, 
Svi, Otum, 2° you have s.d a subject, 
rem commovisti, id. Brut. 87, 297: tos. 
a doubt about a thing, aliquid in dubium 
vocare, id.de Or. 2,34 tos. a discussion, 
inferre sermonem, id, Off. 1, 40, 144. 
V. Tos. game: 1, excio, ivi or 
ii, itum and itum, 4: the hounds s.’d the 
boar out of its lair, suem latebris exci- 
vere canes, Ov. M. 10,710. Q, excito, 
1. to s. wild animals, feras e., Cic. Off. 
3, 17, 68: to s. a stag from its covert, 
cervum nemorosis latibulis e., Phaedr. 
Fe th EG 
starter: one who arranges those who 
start in a race, morator, Oris, m.: Vv. 
Smitb’s Class. Dict. sub yoc. crgcus. 
starting-place: carcer, Gris, m. 
(usually plur., carcéres, um), Cic.: 
Virg.: Hor. Also, claustra, Hor. Ep. 


1, 14,9: fores carcéris, Ov. Trist. 5, 9, | 


2g. répaguila, id. M. 2, 155: limina 
é€quorum, id. 16, 317: alba linea, cf. 
id. M. 3, 2, 19. 

startle: to frighten: v. FRIGHTEN. 

startling (@4j.): formiddlosus: ter- 
ribilis, e: V. TERRIBLE, FEARFUL: @ S. 
state of affairs, formidolosa tempora, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 1, 1: a s. sound, terribilis 
sonitus, Liv. 38, 5: a s. action, mirum 
facinus, Pl. Ps. 1, 5, 97. 

starvation: 1, fames, is, f.: to 
support absolute s., extremam f. sus- 
tentare, Caes. B. G. 4, 17. 9, inédia: 
to kill oneself by s., inedia vitam finire, 
Plin. Ep. 3,7 3. state of s., Esitries, 
éi, f, (rare). Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 1, fin. 
Phr.: to be reduced to a state of s., ad 
extremum inopiae venire, Tac. Agr. 28. 

starve: |. Zo perish by hunger: 
fame €Enécari, Cic. Div. 2, 35, 73 fame 


confici, id. Off. 3,6, 29: fame consimi, | 
Caes. B. G. 7, 20: indpia excriiciatum | 


mori, Pl. Bacch. 3, 3, 134: fame mori, 
Plin. 11, 18, 20. I]. Yo suffer from 
cold : 1, frigeo, 2: I fear you will 
‘s. with cold in your winter quarters, 
metuo ne ‘frigeas in hibernis, Cic. Fam. 
9,6. Q. frigesco, frixi, 3: we are s.ing 
with cold, frigore frigescimus, Coel. in 
Cic. Fam. 8, 6. 8. rigeo, 2: he is s.d 
with cold, riget frigore, Lucr. 3, go6. 
Phr.: to be s.d to death with cold, algu 
interfici, Pl. Most. 1, 3, 36. ||. To sill 


by hunger, fame enecare, consumere, in- | 


terficere, conficere: v. supr. Phr.: he 


designs to s. out Italy and the city, con- | 


silium est Italiam et urbem suffocare 
fame, Cic. Att. 9, 7. to s. out a garri- 
son, praesidium ad ultimum inopiae ad- 
ducere, Liv. 23, 19: or, inopia expug- 
nare. fame hostes in deditionem subi- 
gere, Curt. 7, 70. 
starveling: 1, ésiirio, Onis, m.: 
PL Pers. 1, 3, 23. 92. famélicus- that 
wretched s., ille miser f., Ter. Eun. 2, 
2, 29. 
state (subs.): |, Condition: 1, 
stitus, tis, m.: the s. of public affairs, 
8. rerum communium, Cic. Fam. 1, 8. 
2, eonditio, dnis, f.: s. of slavery, 
c. servitutis, id. 4, 8, 16. 3, locus 
when he had ascertained the s. of 
affairs, quum quo in loco res esset 
cognovisset, Caes. B. (4. 2,26, 4, sédes, 
is, f.: may be God uill restore these 
things to their former s., Deus haec for- 
tasse reducet in sedem, Hor. Epod. 13, 8. 
5. s. of affairs, res, réi, f.: you have 
‘said nothing in your letter about the s. 
of your own affairs, nihil de tuis rebus 
scripsisti, Cic. Fam. 9, 6: v. CIRCUM- 
.8TANCES, POSITION. Phr.: to restore 
a thing to its former s., in pristinum 
statum aliquid restitnere, Cic.: to be 
tn a better s., in meliore esse loco, id. 
‘Harusp. 28 61: tm a worse s., dete- 


794 


a 








STATE 





Tiore esse statu, ib. while things were 
tn this s., hoc statu rerum, Liv. 3, 22: 
a hopeless s. of health, perdita valetudo, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10,29 in an utterly hope- 
less state of bankruptcy, plane perditus 
aere alieno, Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 78. the s. of 
the times, tempus, Oris, n.: cf. Cic, Fam. 
4,9: im the present s. of the times, 
in tali tempore, id. Quint.1,1 @ dubious 
and threatening s. of affairs, rerum 
status dubius et minax, Sen. Agam. 308 : 
a lamentable s. of things, flebilis status, 
Ov. Trist. 5, 1,5. the s. of the case with 
Regulus was better, R. erat in meliore 
causa, Cic. Off. 3, 27, 100. to be in the 
same s., in eadem causa esse, Caes. B. G. 
4, 4: considering the s. of affairs, pro 
re nata’ v. STAND (VI.). ||. 4 body 
politic : ], Civitas, tatis, f.: the coun- 
cils and assemblages of men associating 
together on principles of law, which ave 
called s.8, concilia coetusque hominum 
jure sociati, quae civitates appellantur, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 13. he convinced the s., 
civitati persuasit, Caes. B. G. 1, 2. Oy 
rés publica, or respiblica, rei publicae, 
J.: the whole constitution of the s. is 
revolutionised, commutata est ratio rei 
totius publicae, Cic. Att. 1, 8 : to do one’s 
duty to the s., reipublicae officium prae- 
stare, Caes. B. G. 4, 25. 3, regnum: 
(when governed by a king): pass. 4, 
impérium: (with regard to the power 
possessed, by the s.) : V. KINGDOM, EMPIRE. 
Phr.: to take part in the administra- 
tion of the s., ad rempublicam accedere, 
Cic. Rose. Am. 1, 3: rempublicam at- 
tingere, id. Att. 2, 22 rempublicam 
capessere, id. Sest. 6, 14: also, rempub- 
licam administrare, gerere, Cic.. ‘o guide 
the helm of s., gubernacula reipublicae 
tractare, Cic. Sest. 9, 20: to sit at the 
helm of s., ad gubernacula reip. sedere, 
id. Rose. Am. 18, 51: to desert the helm 
of s., recedere a gubernaculis, id. Fam. 
16, 27: abjicere gubernacula, Val. Max. 
7,6, 1: to commit the entire manage- 
ment of the s, to any one, permittere 
omnem remp. alicui, Cic. Cat. 1, 2: to 
endanger the s., labefactare remp., id. 
Fin. 1, 13, 43: to the great detriment of 
the s., pessimo publico, Varr. R. k. 1, 13: 
a revolution in the s. mutatio rerum, 
Cic. Att. 83~* conversio rerum publi- 
carum, id. Div. 2, 2,6: the serious misfor- 
tune of the s., gravis casus civitatis, ib. : 
a Ss. office, magistratus, is, m.: honor, 
Oris, m.: reipublicae munus, Cic. de Or. 
1,45: a minister of s. (under a king), 
amicus regis, Nep. de Reg. 3, 1: a 
speech on s. affairs, civilis oratio, Cic. 
Or. 9, 30: business of the s., négotium, 
or, publicum negotium, cf. id. Off. 3, 1: 
S. papers or records, tabulae publicae, 
Liv. 26, 36: literae publicae, Caes. B. G. 
5.47: robes of s., insignia magistratuum, 
Sall. C. §1: insignia dignitatis, Cic. Phil. 
2, 41, 105; forensia, Suet. Aug. 73: 
toga purpurea (voyal), Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 85: 
a secret of s., aliquid arcani, Liv. 23, 22: 
mnysterium, Cic, Att. 4, 18: s. sacrifices, 
sacrificia publica, Caes. B. G. 6, 12: or, 
sacra publica’ the revenues of the s., 
vectigalia: fiscus : pecunia vectigalis, Cic. 
Verr. 1, 35, 89: V. REVENUE: to make 
the property of the s., publico, 1: in pub- 
licum aliquid redigere, Liv. 4, 15: v. 
CONFISCATE : to feast at the cost of the s., 
de publico convivari, Cic. Verr. 3, 44, 
105. Ill. Magnificence, splendour : 
superbia, magnificentia: v. SPLENDOUR, 
GRANDEUR. 

state (v.): to declare: 1, praedico, 
1: Lheard Crassus st.ing that this insult 
was fastened upon him by Cicero, Cras- 
sum audivi praedicantem tantam sibi 
contumeliam a Cicerone impositam esse, 
Sall. Cat. 49. 2. profiteor, fessus, 2: 
to st. and publicly declare a thing, pro- 
fiteri et in medium proferre aliquid, Cic. 
Fam. 2, 23, 76. 8. to s. explicitly, 
nominatim aliquid indicare, Plin. 15, 14, 
The 4, narro, 1: J will s. at length, 
narrabo ordine, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 20: cf. id. 
I, 2, 70. 5, auctor esse (of writers): 
Fabius R.s.s that a letter was written 
to Caecina, Fabius Rusticus auctor est 
scriptos esse ad Caecinam codicillos, 





STATIONARY 





Tac. A.13,20. 6, scribo, psi, ptum, 
3 (fos. in writing): it is s.d to us that 
a great number have met at Rome, scri- 
bitur nobis multitudinem Romam con- 
venisse, Brut. et Cass. in Cic. Fam. 11, 
2: cf. Caes. B.G. 5,48. Phr.: tos. a4 
case, causam explicare, Cic. Ros. Am. 
12, 34: to s. a matter at great length, 
rem pluribus verbis exponere, id. Fin. 
3, 4,15: tos. shortly, breviter exponere, 
id. Pis. 3, 7 to s. on oath, jurejurando 
affirmare, Liv 29, 23: to s. positively, 
adsévéro, 1. Pl. Mil. 3, 1,164 Cic. 
_Stateliness ; superbia, gravitas, lau- 
titia: Vv. GRANDEUR, MAGNIFICENCE. 
stately: siperbus, maguificus, lau- 
tus: Vv. GRAND, HAUGHTY. 
statement : 1, affirmatio, dnis, 
f.: an oath is a solemn s., est enim 
jusjurandum aff. religiosa, Cic. Off. 3, 
29, 104: the most positive s. of the 
annals, constantissima apnalium aff, 
Plin. 28, 2, 4. 2. expositio, Onis, f.: 
a s. of opinion, sententiae ex., Cic. de Or, 
3, 53, 203. 3. professio, Onis, i: (a 
public s. of property): complete your s., 
confice professionem, id. Fam. 16, 23. 
4, dictum: no one takes much 
account of my s., nemo meum d. m 
facit, Plo As! 275 5, libellus - 
(a written s.): atticus composed a writ- 
ten s., Atticus 1. composuit, Cic. Att. 16, 
Io. 6, testimonium : (the s. of wit- 
nesses): read the s.s of the witnesses, 
legite testimonia testium, id. Mil. 17, 
46. Phr.: to make a s. of, profiteri 
(with acc.): to make-a s. before the 
decemvii's of the amount of his booty, 
apud decemviros quantum habeat prae- 
dae profiteri, id. Agr. 2, 22, 59: no 
written s. of anything was made, nibil 
erat scriptum, id. Phil. 2, 27, 67: to 
make a false s., falsum dicere, scribere - 
V. MIS-STATEMENT . to make a s. against 
any one, deferre aliquem, Tac. A. 13, 33 
nomen alicujus deferre de aliquo, Cic. 
Ros. Am. 10, 28: to make a s. of debts, 
conficere tabulas, id. Rose. Com. 1, 4 
according to the s. of Livy, Livio auctore. 
_ State-paper-office : 1, tabula- 
rium: Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74: Liv. 2 
tabularia: Claud. Aug. in Non. 208, 29. 
3, *tabulinum publicum. 
statesman: perh. *is qui rempub- 
licam administrat, qui in rebus publicis 
versatur. reipublicae peritus, Nep. Cat. 
3: a most accomplished s., vir regendae 
reipublicae scientissimus, Cic. de Or. 1, 
49, 214. the leading s., principes in re- 
publica, id. Fam. I, 9. 
statesman-ship: Civilis scientia, 
Cic. Invest. 1, 5: civilis prudentia, id. 
Rep. 1, 2: rerum civilium cognitio et 
prudentia, id. de Or. 1, 14, 60: civilitas, 
tatis, 7. Quint. 2, 15, 25. 
statics; perh. *ponderum et men- 
surarum scientia (Ainsw.): * statice, 
es, f 
station (subs.): |, Rank: v. sTAND- 
ING, POSITION. |], A place occupied: 1, 
statio, Onis, f.: the cohorts dispatched 
Jrom their s., emissae e statione cohortes, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 42: an unsafe s. for ships, 
Statio male fida carinis, Virg. Aen. 2, 
23. 2. praesidium to occupy a s. 
and fortify it, p. occupare et munire, 
Caes. B. C. 3,45. 3, l6cus. to fortify 
a s., locum munire, id. B. G. 1,24. 4, 
castra stativa, ov stativa, Sall. J. 48: 
Liv. 2, 52. 
station (v.)° 1, léco, 1: to & 
the cavalry before the flanks, equites 1. 
pro cornibus, Quint. 2, 13, 3. 2. 
colloco, 1: he sd the legions nearer Ar- 
menia, legiones c. propius Armeniam, 
Tac. A. 13, 7. 3, pono, pdsui, posi- 
tum, 3: to s. a legion, legionem p., Caes. 
B. C. 3, 34. 4, dispono, pdsui, posi- 
tum, 3: to s. guards in various places, 
custodias d., id. 3, 8: to s. horses in 
relays, equos d., Liv. 37,7 tos. guards 
all round the senate, armatorum corona 
senatum sepire, Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 112. 
stationary: 1. stibilis, e- a s. 
battle, s. proelium, Tac. A. 2, 21° to re- 
main with s. foot, when the other jlies, 
quae maneat stabili, quum fugit illa, 
pede, Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 29. 2. immotus: 





STATIONER 





Ueres remained s. many days, Ceres 
duravit multis i. diebus, Ov. F. 4, 505. 
3. fixus: loco fixus: non se mo- 
vens: sédens. Phr.: to be s., non ves- 
tigio moveri, Liv. 10, 36: stare in ves- 
tigio, Auct. Her. 3, 15, 26: stabilem 
sedere, Ov. F. 4, 303: (of disease) con- 
sisto: we must see whether the disease 
increases, is s., or is subsiding, viden- 
dum, morbus an increscat, an consistat, 
an minuatur, Cels. 3, 2. 
stationer: perb. biblidpdla, Mart. 4, 
2,2: librarius, Gell. 5, 4: Sen. Ben. 7, 
*chartoprates, Cod. Just. 11, 17: 
*chartarius, Diom. p. 313 P.: @ s.’s shop, 
perh. taberna chartaria: chartaria offi- 
cina, Plin. 18, 10, 19. 
stationery: perb. *res scriptoriae : 
res chartariue: the whole furniture of 
poets is s., tota suprllex vatum piorum 
est, Aus. Ep. ro, 40. 
statistical: perb. censualis: * quod 
pertinet ad recensionem populi. 
statistics: perh. census, ts, m. 
Phr.: to collect s. of a population, 
aetates suboles familias pecuniasque 
censere, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7: the collecting 
of s., cognitio rerum, Quint. 2, 18, 1. 
statuary: |. A maker of statues: 
1. fictor, Oris, m.: Cic. N. D. 1, 
29, 81. 2. statuarius: Sen. Ep. 88. 
8. artifex, ficis, m.: statuaries, 
artifices corporum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12: a. 
statuarum, Quint. 5, 12,9. 4, sculptor 
(scalptor), dris, m. (worker of anything 
an stone): Plin. 36, 5, 2. Phr.: to 
obtain eminence as a s., Marmore scal- 
pendo inclarescere, id. 36, 4, I. ‘oO: 
marmorarius: Vitr. 7, 6: Sen. Ep. 
88. 6. statuaries: ii qui signa fabri- 
cantur, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 16. Il. The 
art of making statues: — 1, ars sta- 
tuaria, Plin. 34, 7, 16. 2. sculptiira ; 
(actual working in stone), Plin. 16, 40, 
Bree ge 1, statua: they throw 
down @ statue which was a very good 
likeness of that man, s. istius persi- 
milem deturbant, Cic. Pis. 38, 93: an 
equestrian s., statua equestris, id. Phil. 
5, 15, 41: cf. s. pedestris, ib. 9, 6, 13: 
a S., 58. inaurata, ib. 2. simi- 
lacrum (strictly, image of a god): 
a s. of a goddess not in human shape, 
s. deae non effigie humana, Tac. H. 
Zest 8. signum: a bronze, marble, 
ivory s., 8. aeheum, marmoreum, ebur- 
neum, Cic. Verr. 4,1: life-like s.s, spi- 
rantia signa, Virg.G. 3,34. 4, effigies, 
Gi, f.: a stone s., sdxea eff., Cat. 64, 61. 
, imago, inis, f.: he would not 
allow a s. of himself to be made, non 
fictam i. suam passus est esse, Cic. Fam. 
5, 12: @ bronze s., imago ex aere ali- 
cujus, id. Or. 31, 110. 6. aes, aeris, 
n.: to make a bronze s., ducere aera, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240: to make a bronze s. 
of any ome, ducere aliquem ex aere, 
Plin. 7, 37, 38: tu have a s. erected to 
one in bronze, stare aeneus, Hor. S. 2, 3, 
183. Phr.: to have one’s s. made, fingi, 
Cic. Fam. 5, 12: to put up a marble s. 
of any one, facere, or, ponere aliquem 
marmoreum, Virg. E. 7, 35: Hor. Od. 
4, I, 20: aliquem scalpere, Plin. 7, 


37, 38. 
stature: 1, staitira: I should 
like you to tell me of what s. he was, 


velim mihi dicas qua s. fuerit, Cic. Phil. 
2, 15, 21: @ moderate s., commoda s., 
Pl. Asin. 2, 3, 41: he was above the 
ordinary s., fuit 8. quae justam ex- 
cederet, Suet. Tib. 68: men of such 
small s., homines tantulae s., Cues. B. G. 
2, 30. 2. status, iis, m. (rare): in 
male poultry a greater s. is wanted, in 
allinaceis maribus s. altior quaeritur, 
1. 8, 2,9. Phr.: lofty s., procéritas, 
tatis, f.: Cic. Coel. 15, 36: small s., 
brévitas, tatis, f.: Caes. B. G. 2, 30. 
statutable: légitimus: that was 
the s. day for the comitia to be held, 
dies is erat |. comitiis habendis, Cic. Verr, 
2, 52, 129: the s. age for being a candi- 
date for the aedileship, aetas 1. ad pe- 
tendam aedilitatem, Liv. 25,2: v. LEGAL. 
statute: lex: constititum: consti- 
tfitio: v. Law. 


STEADILY 


statute-book: 


in quibus leges inscribuntur: cf. Plin. 
34, 9, 21. 2. cddex, icis, m. Phr.: 
to compile a s., jura literis mandare : 
cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 105. 
stave (subs.): |. Thin plank of a 
cask: dolii lamina, Plin. 18, 26, 64. 
I]. Lines betveen which music is 
written: perh. *lineae quibus musici 
numeri notantur. 

stave in (v.): perrumpo, ripi, rup- 
tum, 3: pertfrango, frégi, fractum, 3: 
Vv. BURST. 

—— off: arceo, ui, 2: moror, atus, 1: 
prohibeo, ui, itum, 2: v, PUT OFF, DELAY. 

stay (subs.): |. A prop: célamen, 
firmamentum: adminiciilum: v. Prop, 
supporT. Fig.: ], cdlimen, inis: 
the s. of the family, c. familiae, Ver. 
Phorm. 2, 1, 57: the s. of the republic, 
c. reipublicae, Cic. Sext. 8, 19. 27 
praesidium : chastity’s strongest s., for- 
tissimum p. pudoris, id. Sull. 28, 77. 

3, subsidium, to provide a s. for 
one’s old age, s. parare senectuti, id. 
Att. 1, 10: thes. of the republic, s. rei- 
publicae, id. Planc. 9, 23. 4, admi- 
nictilum: that it would be the s. of 
his old age, id senectuti suae a. fore, 
Liv. 10, 22. I]. An abiding: : 
mansio, Onis, f.: he consults me as to 
your s. or departure, de tua m. aut dis- 
cessione communicat, Cic. Fam. 4, 4. 

2, commoratio, Onis, f.: the beauty 
of that place is worthy of a lengthened s., 
not a mere halt, amoenitas illa commo- 
rationis non deversorii est, id. 6, 19: to 
make a very long s. with a man, apud 
aliquem diutissime commorari, id. Manil. 
5,13: tomake as. of three days, triduum 
commorari, id. Fam. 3, 5: v. VISIT. 

Ill. Hindrance: mora: v. HIN- 

DRANCE. 

stay (v.): A, Intrans.: tocon- 
tinueinaplace: 1, maneo, nsi, nsum, 
2: whether they s. or set forth, seu ma- 
neant seu proficiscantur, Caes. B. G. 5, 
30: to s. at home, domi m., ib. 4,1. 2, 
moror, atus, 1: yous. d at Brundusium, 
Brundusii moratus es, Cic. Fam. 15, 17. 

3. commoror, atus, 1: J s.’d at 
Ephesus, Ephesi commoratus sum, ib. 
3,5: to s. at Pelorum, ad Pelorum c., 
id. Verr. 5, 36,95. Phr.: the senators 
are not accustomed to s. away, sena- 
tores deesse non solent, id. Phil. 1, 5, 
12: to s. in camp, tenere se in castris, 
Liv. 2, 45. B. Trans.: to delay, 
obstruct, stop: modror, 1: démodror, 1: 
détineo, 2: v. DELAY, STOP. 

— by: be faithful to: v. STAND By. 

or: 1, maneo: & s. for the 
coming of the enemy, hostium adven- 
tum m., Liv. 42, 66: to s. for any one, 
aliquem m., Ter. Ph. 3. 1, 16. A, 
oppérior, péritus and pertus, 4; go in- 
doors and s. for me there, abi intro ; ibi 
me operire, id. Andr. 3, 2, 42. 3, ex- 
specto, 1: to s. for the storm to pass 
over, transitum tempestatis e., Cic. Att. 
2, 21: V. WAIT. 

— with: ¢o s. with a man, apud 
aliquem manere, Cic. Att. 4, 18: apud 
aliquem commorari, id. Manil. 5, 13: 
cum aliquo morari, Sen. Ep. 32. 

stays: perh. strdphium, i, 7.: cf. 
Cat. 64, 65: mamillare, cf. Mart. 14, 66: 
a s.-lace, perh. * ligamen strophii. 

stead, im: V. INSTEAD OF. 

steadfast: firmus: constans: sti- 
bilis: fidus: v. FIRM, TRUE. 

steadfastness: stibilitas: con- 
stantia: firmitiido animi: v. FIRMNESs, 
CONSTANCY. 

steadfastly: constanter: fidéliter : 
V. FIRMLY. 

steadily: 1, firmé: s. to maintain 
one’s own convictions, assensus suos 
firme sustinere, Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 31: to 
assert a thing most s., firmissime asse- 
verare aliquid, id. Att. 10, 14. a: 
firmiter: to stand one’s ground s., f. in- 
sistere, Caes. B. G. 4, 26: or expr. by cir- 
cuml.,, to walk s., *tirmo gressu incedere. 

8. constanter: to hold one’s ground 
§., c. suo statu manere: Cic. Univ. 17: 
to persist very s. in a lie, constantissime 
ementiri, Petr..82. Phr.: to be s. on 








| Pl. Epid. 
i 








STEALTH 
perh. ], tabulae | the move, continenter labi, Cic. Acad. 1 
8, 31. 
steadiness: |, Lit.: st&bilitas, 


tatis, J. : they combine the s. of infantry, 
with the easy movements of cavalry, 
mobilitatem equitum s. peditum prae- 
stant, Caes. B. G. 4, 33. Il. Met. 

1, constantia: «. of character, c 
morum, Tac. H. 3,86. Join: firmitas 
et constantia, Cic, Fam.g,11. 2, gra: 
Vitas, tatis, f.: lo live with s., cum 
gravitate et constantia vivere, Cic. Off. 1 
21,72. 3, stabilitas: let us judge with 
$s. and consistency, stabilitate et con- 
Stantia judicemus (opp. to ardore quodam 
amoris), ib. 1, 15, 47. 4. sévéritas 
tatis, f.: the greatest s. of character is 
joined with the greatest refinement, 
summa 8. summa cum humanitate jun- 
gitur, id. Fam. 12, 27. 


i steady: |. Lit.: unshaken: firmus: 
immotus: stabilis: v. FIRM, IMMOVE- 
ABLE. ll. Met: 1, sévérus: to 


lead a s. life, severus esse vita, Cic. 
Brut. 31,117. 2, gravis,e: a manof 
most s. character, homo gravissimus (opp. 
to levis), id. Rose. C. 16,49. 3, frigi, 
indecl.: men of very s. and sober cha- 
racter, homines plane f. et sobrii, id. 
Verr. 3, 27,67. Phr.: togoatas. pace, 
lente gradiri, Ov. M. 11, 179: modico 
gradu ire (opp. to festinanter currere), 
Pl. Poen. 3, 1, 19: the hill sloped down 
to the river with a s. decline, collis aequa 
liter declivis ad flumen vergebat, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 18. 
steak: 1. offa: Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 163. 
2. Sfella (dimin. of foregoing): 
8.8 cooked on an emergency, subitae o., 
Mart. 12, 48, 17: a@ beef-s., o. bubula, 
Prud. perist. 14, 383. 3. frustum 
(lit., a piece or bit of food): to cut up 
into s.s, in frusta secare, ef. Virg. Aen. 
Te 212: 4. beef-s.s, carnes bovillae, 
Theod. Prise. 1, 7. 5, *praecisum : 
Naev. in Non. 151, 2. 
steal: |. Intrans.: furtum 
facere, Pl. Rud. 4, 3, 21. Phr.: to be 
accused of s.ing, furti reum esse, Quint. 
4, 2, 51: to be caught in the act of 
s.ing, furto comprehendi, Caes. B. G. 
6, 15: given to s.ing, furtificus (comic), 
X51; 10: |]. Trans: 
1. faror, atus, 1: to s. a thing, 
aliquid f. (opp. to eripere), Cic. Off. 
2, II, 40. 2. surripio, ui, reptum, 3: 
to s. his napkin from the praetor, s. 
mappam praetori, Mart. 12, 29, 10: tos. 
(plagiarise) a great deal from Naevius, 
multa a Naevio s., Cic. Brut. 19, 76. 
Fig.: you stole away from me, surri- 
puisti te mihi, Pl. Men. 3, 2, 26. 3 
subdico, xi, ctum, 3: tos. a ring from 
a man, alicui s. anulum, Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 
81: he laments that his travelling money 
has been stolen, subducta viatica plorat, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 54. Fig.: he s.s away 
Jrom the company, de circulo se s., 
Cic: 'Q: Fr. 3, 4- 4, intercipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3: to s. a thing from any one, 
i. aliquid alicui, Ov. Pont. 4, 7, 25: he 
stole (plagiarised) the boole before it was 
published, librum nondum editum inter- 
cepit, Suet.Gr.3. §, averto, ti, sum, 3: 
tos. corn from the state, frumentum a 
Rep. a., Cic. Verr. 3 69, 163: Virg.: 
Cat. Phr.: stolen goods, res furtivae, 
Quint. 5, 13, 49: furta, Cic. Verr. 2, 70, 
171: an action brought against one Jor 
offering stolen goods for sale, actio oblati, 
Gell.: v. Dict. Ant. s. v. furtum. 
steal over: 1. subrépo, psi, ptum, 
3: sleep ss over his eyes, furtim sub- 
repit ocellis quies, Ov. F. 3, 19. 3. 
subeo, ii, itum, 4: the fascination of 
idleness s.s over one, subit inertiae dul- 
cedo, Tac. Agr. 3. 
—— up: irrépo: Vv. CREEP. 
stealing: furtum: v. THEFT, ROB- 
BERY. 
stealth: |. Stealing: furtum : 
Vv. THEFT. I]. Secret act; by stealth. 
1, furtim: to bury gold by s., 
aurum defossa furtim deponere terra, 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 42. 2. furtivé: favours 
granted by s., data f. munera, Ov. Am. 
2, 5, 6. 3. furto: they desire to bring 
Jorth by s., parere furto cupiunt, Plin. 8. 
795 


STEALTHILY 


STEP 


STERNLY 





30,46. 4, clam: tolead out the army 
Jrom camp by s., clam ex Castris exer- 
citum educere, Caes. B. G. 3, 18. 5. 
clancilum: J le/t my legion by s., clan- 
culum abii a legione, Pl. Amph. 1, 3, 25. 
6, astu: tricks are no tricks unless 
you practise them by s., doli non sunt 
doli nisi astu colas, Pl. Capt. 2, 1, 30. 
stealthily: v. sTeaLTH, BY. 
stealthy: 1, furtivus: a s. jour- 
ney through Italy, f. iter per Italiam. 
Cic. Pis. 40, 97: a s. embrace, furtivus 
amor, Virg. Aen. 4, 191. 9, tectus 
(hidden) : a more concealed and s. lust, 
occultior et tectior cupiditas, Cic. Am. 
36, 104. 8. clandestinus: he got pos- 
session of the city by effecting a s. 
entrance, clandestino introitu urbe po- 
titus est, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 81. Phr.: to 
walk on tiptoe with s. tread, suspenso 
gradu placide ire, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 28. 
steam (subs.) : aqnae vapor, oris, m. : 
the s. caused by the sun to rise from 
land and water, aquarum vapores a sole 
ex agris et aquis excitati, Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 
118: @ s.-pipe, vaporarium, id. Q. Fr. 3, 
I, 1: @ §.-bath, balnearum vaporatio, 
Plin. 28, 6, 18: *balneum vaporosum : 
furnaces emitting s., fornaces vaporiferi, 
Stat. S. 1, 3, 45: a s.-boat, * navis vapore 
impulsa; navis vaporaria: @ s.-engine, 
*machina vi vaporis mota ov agitata: 
*machinatio vaporaria. 
steam (v.): |. A. Intrans.: to 
emit steam : 


fornaces vaporiferi: v. swpr. Q, fumo, 
1: the earth is warm and s.s, terra f. 


calens, Cic. N. D. 2, 9,25: the warm blood | 


was s.ing, tepidus cruor fumabat, Virg. 
Aen. 8,196: v.SMOKE. BB, Trans.: 
to jill with s.: vapOro, 1: to s. the eyes 


with anything, oculos v. aliquo, Plin. | 


28, 11, 47. Phr.: the ship s.s into har- 


bour, *navis vapore impulsa portum | 


tenet. : 
steam-boat, steam-engine: v. 
STEAM (subs.). 
steed: equus bellator: v. HORSE. 
steel (subs.): |. Prepared iron: 
1. chalybs, ybis, m.: wownd-deal- 
tng s., c. vulnificus, Virg. Aen. 8, 446. 
Q. ferrum: v.1ron. |]. Steel for 
striking alight: clavus,i: flints struck 
by the s. or another stone emit a spark, 
pyritae clavo vel alio lapide percussi 
scintillam edunt, Plin. 36, 19, 30. Hl. 
Fig.: used as equivalent to sword: to 
die by s., ferro necari, Hor. S. 2, 7, 58: 
or, war: to decide by s. and not by gold, 
ferro non auro cernere, Enn. in Cic. Off. 
I, 12, 38: Vv. WAR, SWORD. 
steel (v.): to harden: diro: firmo: 
confirmo: v. HARDEN. Phr.: tos. one’s 
heart, gerere ferrum in pectore, Ov. M. 
9, 614: let us s. ourselves for these three 
days, obduretur hoc triduum, Cic. Att. 
12, 3: wehave become s.’d to such things, 
ad ista obduruimus, ib. 13,2: tos. oneself 
against fortune, contra fortunam obdu- 
rescere, id. Tusc. 3,28. Join: obduresco 
et percalleo: cf. id. Mil. 28, 76: v. HAR- 
DEN, STRENGTHEN. 
steelyard: statéra: cf. Suet. Vesp. 
25. 
steep (subs.): arduum: praeceps, 7. : 
V. HILL, PRECIPICE. 
steep (adj.): 1, arduus: a s. 
ascent, a. ascensus, Caes. B. G. 2, 33. 
2. praeruptus: @ s. and rugged 
hill, p. atque asperum jugum, id. B. C. 
2, 24. 3. praeceps, cipitis: a s. road, 
Pp. via, Cic. Fl. 42,105. Join: declivis 
et praeceps (sc. locus), Caes. B. G. 4, 33. 
4. déruptus: s. banks, d. ripae, Liv. 
37, 39. Join: arduus et deruptus (sc. 
collis), Tac. A. 2, 80. 5, praecisus : 
a3. path, p. iter, Sall.J.g2. 6, rectus: 
s. rocks, recta saxa, Liv. 21, 36. x 
adrectus: the greater part of the Alps 
were steeper, pleraque Alpium adrectiora 
erant, ib. 35. 
steep (v.): madéfacio: v. SOAK. 
steeple: turris, is, f.: v. TOWER: 
a church s., * turris aedi sacrae adjecta. 
steeple-chase: certamen equorum, 
cursus equorum: Vv. RACE. 


796 


1, vaporo, 1: the waters } 
s. even in the very ocean, aquae v. et in | 
mari ipso, Plin. 31, 2,2: s.ing furnaces, | 





steeply : Vv. PRECIPI- 
TOUSLY. 

steepness: arduitas, tatis, f.: thes. 
of the mountains, montium a., Varr. R. R. 
2, 10, 3. Better expr. by periph. with 
adj.: the s. of the mountains makes 
the journey difficult, * ardui et abrupti 
montes iter difficilius reddunt: the s. of 
the place, * praeceps natura loci. 

steer (swbs.) : jiivencus: Virg. G. 3, 


praerupte : 


169. 
steer (v.): 1, gtberno,r: they con- 
tended as to which of them should s., cer- 
tabant quis eorum gubernaret, Cic, Off. 1, 
25, 87. Q, régo, xi, ctum, 3: one hand 
s.s the ship, manus una regit (navem), 
Lucr. 4, 904: cf. Tac. Agr. 28. on 
dirigo, rexi, rectum, 3: he s.’d in that 
direction, eo direxit navem, Nep. Chabr. 
4. Phr.: to s. in a straight course, 
cursum tenere, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: he 
s.s too close to the rocks, proram ad saxa 
suburget interior, Virg. Aen. 5, 202. 
Fig.: to s. clear of popular odium, 
invidiam declinare, Tac. H. 4, 41: tos. 
a straight course, rectam tenere, Cic. 
Fam. 12, 24: tos. a middle course, me- 
dius esse, id. Att. ro, 8. 

steerage: |. The act of steering: 
V. STEERING. Il. The hinder part of 
a vessel: puppis, is, f.: Vv. STERN. 

steering: giibernatio, dnis, f.: the 





ship is capsized by carelessness in the s. | 


itself, in ipsa gubernatione negligentia 
navis evertitur, Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 76: expr. 
by, ars gubernatoris, cf. Cic. ib. Phr. : 
in s. tt makes no difference in what the 
mistake consists, in gubernando nihil 
interest quo in genere peccetur, ib.: it 
is equally bad s.ing, gubernator aeque 
peccat, ib. 

steerer, steersman: 1. giiber- 
nator, Oris, m.: the s. sits in the stern, 
g. sedet in puppi, Cic. Sen. 6, 17. mn 
rector, Oris, m.: Virg. Aen. 5, 161. 





Phr.: the ship has a most skilful s., 


Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58. 


stem (subs.): |, Qfatree: truncus: 


| trees which have neither s. nor boughs, 


arbores in quibus non t., non rami sunt, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 179: Vv. TRUNK. Il. 
Of aplunt: v.STALK. — [I], Prow of a 
ship: prora: v. PROW. 

stem (v.): 
against a current: expr. by circuml.: he 
scarce forces his boat to s. the stream, 
adverso vix flumine lembum subigit, 
Virg. G. 1, 201: the boats appear to be 
s.ing the waves, navigia obnitier undis 
videntur, Lucr. 4, 439. 
resist : 1. obnitor, nixus, 3: nor did 
the general even try tos. the tide of ve- 
verses, ne dux quidem obniti adversis, 
Tac. A.15,11. Q, obsisto, stiti, stitum, 
3: no power can s. the tide of popular 
indignation, multorum odiis nullae opes 
possunt obsistere, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 33: Vv. 
OPPOSE, RESIST. 

stench: foetor: gravis dor: v.STINK. 
. stenographist: notarius: actua- 
rius: V. SHORT-HAND WRITER. 


stenography: notae: v. SHORT- 
HAND. 
step (subs.): |, Apace: 1, gradus, 


us, m.: to recall a s., g. revocare, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 128: he led his line at a quick 
s. against the enemy, aciem pleno g. in 
hostem inducit, Liv. 4, 32: to depart s. 
by s. from virtue, gradu a virtute de- 
seiscere, Vell. 1,2. 2, gressus, iis, m.: 
he turns his s.6 to the walls, gressum 
ad moenia tendit, Virg. Aen. 1,410. 3, 
vestigium (a foot-s.) - Liv. 9, 45: to re- 
move a s. from Hannibal's side, vesti- 
gium abscedere ab Hannibale, id. 27, 4. 

4. passus, ts, m.: to walle with lev- 
surely s.s, lentis p. spatiari, Ov. M. 2, 572. 
Phr.: to trace any one’s s.s, vestigiis 
odorari ingressus alicujus, Cic. Pis. 34, 83 : 
to follow in a father’s s.s: vestigiis in- 
gredi patris, id. Rep. 6, 24: s. by s., 
pedetentim, Pac. in Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 48. 
Join: pedetentim et gradatim, Cic. Fam. 
9, 14: also, minutatim et gradatim, id. 
Acad. 2, 16, 491. Phr.: he passed from 
the aedileship to the censorship at one s., 
ex aedilitate gradum ad censuram fecit, 


ll. Fig.: to | 


| navis scientissimo gubernatore utitur, | 


|. Lit.: to make way | 


Liv. 27,6: this is a s. towards my re- 
turn, hic gradus mei reditus est, Cic. 
Att. 7, 23° to quicken one’s s.s, gradum 
celerare, Virg. Aen. 4, 641: to take long 
s.s, ingenti passu gradiri, Ov. M. 13, 776. 

|]. A round in a ladder ; gradus, ts, 
m.: @ flight of s.s, scalae: v.sTatR. {]], 
Fig.: @ measure, plan: ratio, con- 
sililum:; Vv. MEASURE. Phr.; J took s.s 
to save Marius from a fine, ut muita 
Mario depelleretur a me inita ratio est, 
id. Fam. 5, 20: to take the first s., in- 
cipere: V. BEGIN: what s.s shall I take ? 
quam insistam viam? Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 3: 
he did not advance a single s., cubitum 
nullum processit, Cic. Att. 13, 12: to 
make a false s., prave insistere, Ter. 
Hee. 3, 5, 34: this seems to me a false s., 
hoc mihi videtur factum prave, ib. 4, 


4 24. 

step (.): 1, gradior, gressus, 3: 
if you were to s. as long as you talk, si 
graderere tantum, quantum loquere, PL. 
Ps. 4,7, 138. 2, ingrédior, gressus, 3: 
to s. proudly, altum ingredi, Virg. G. 3, 
6. 3. incédo, cessi, cessum, 3: they 
s. proudly along, incedunt magnifice, 
Sall. J. 31. Phr.: to s. with a high 
action (of a horse), gressus glomerare 
superbos, Virg. G. 3,117: to s. into the 
place of another, in alicujus locum suc- 
cedere, Cic. Phil. 2, 52, 62: to s. back, 
gradum reducere, Petr. 136: to s. out 
quickly, addere gradum, Liv. 26, 9: é 
s. aside, de via secedere, Pl. Cure. 2, 


3, 2. 

step-brother : vitrici filius (step 
father’s son): Cic.. novercae filius 
(stepmother’s son): Cic. 

— -daughter: privigna, Cic. Att. 
13, 20. 

—  -father: vitricus: Cic. 

— -mother: noéverca: Cic. Clu. Jo, 
199: the ill-feeling of a s., novercalia 
odia, Tac. An. 12, 2. Met.: an unna- 
tural parent : we cannot decide whether 
nature has proved a kindly parent or o 
harsh s, to man, non est satis aestumare 
parens melior homini an tristior noverca 
fuerit natura, Plin. 7, 1, I. 

steppe: *planities arida et vasta: 
V. PLAIN, HEATH. 

stepson: privignus: Cic. Clu. 66, 
188. 


stereotype: *formae literarum fixae: 
*stereotypus. Fig.: s.d phrases, loci 
communes: cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 27, 106. 

sterile: |. Unfruitful, unproduc- 
tive : 1. stérilis,e: s. lands, s. agri, 
Virg. G. 1, 84: a s. heifer (barren), 
vacca s., id. Aen. 6, 251. 2. infe- 
cundus (rare): self-sown plants are s., 


| quae sponte sua se tollunt, infecunda 





surgunt, id. G. 2, 
ager inf. arbore, Sall. J. 17. 


48: land s. in trees, 
Il. Use- 


| less: stérilis: iniitilis: v. USELESS, UN- 


PROFITABLE. 

sterility : 1. stérilitas, tatis, f.: 
the s. ofthe lands, s. agrorum, Cic. Div. 
I, 57. 131: s. of women, s. mulierum, 
Plin. 28, 8, 27. 2. infécunditas, tatis: 
i. terrarum, ‘l’ac. A. 4, 6: i. apium (s. of 
bees), Plin. 11, 16, 16. 

sterling (subs.): standard English 
money: *numus (nummus) publicae 
notae: *numus (nummus) anglicana 
nota publice impressus. 

sterling (adj.): vérus: bonus: in- 
téger: V. GENUINE, TRUE: §. coin, V. supr. 

stern (subs.): |, Hinder part of a 
ship: puppis, is, f.: Cic. Att. 13, 21: 
a wind rising a-s. ventus surgens a 
puppi, Virg. Aen. 3, 130. Il. Hinder 
part of anything: puppis (comic): cf, 
Pl. Epid. 1, 1, 69: tergum: v. BACK. 

stern (adj.): 1, durus: heisofa 
s. and inexorable di. ition, ingenio est 
duro et inexorabili, Ter. Ph. 3, 2,12: @ 
s. judge, d. judex, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62. 

Q2. austérus: austero more (in as. 

manner), Opp. to remisse ac leniter: cf. 
id. Coel 14. Also, sévérus; tristis ; 
asper; atrox; torvus: V. HARSH, SEVERE, 

sternly: duré or duriter: sévéré: 
atrociter: V.HARSHLY,SEVERELY. Phr.: 
you have acted s., duriter factum est a 
vobis, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 28: tolooks., torva 
tueri, Virg. G. 6, 467. 


STERNNESS 





sternness: 1. sévéritas, tatis, f. 
Join: tristitia et s. (gloominess and s.), 
ef, Cic. Am. 18: s. of the law courts, s. 
judiciorum (opp. to ienitas et miseri- 
cordia), cf id. Sull. 33, g2. 9, atro- 
citas, tatis,f.: s. of character, a. morum, 
Tac. A. 4, 13: V. SEVERITY, HARSHNESS, 

stethoscope: *stéthoscdpium. 

stew (subs.): |. Stewed meat: 
perh. *carnes cum condimentis elixae : 
*carnes jurulentae, cf. Cels. 2, 18. Il. 
A brothel: lustra, orum: lipanar: s 
awn fornix: v. BROTHEL. 3 
fish-pond : 1, piscina: Cic. Varad. 
52: 2. vivarium (late Lat. cf. Geli. 
2, 20): stew-ponds for eels, vivaria mu- 
raenarum, Plin. 9, 55, 81. IV. Fig.: 
@ disturbed state of mind: to be in a 
great s., turbidus esse animi, Tac. H. 4, 
48: lo get into a great s., in summas 
angustias adduci, Cic. Quint. 5: v. Ex- 
CITEMENT, PERPLEXITY. 

atew (v.): 1. cdquo, xi, ctum, 3: 
to s. in a cauldron, aere coquere, Ov. M. 
4,505. Q, élixo,1: Apic.2,1. Phr.: 
tomiz s.’d meat with roast, assis miscere 
elixa, Hor. S. 2, 2, 74. 

steward: 1, administrator (ge- 
neral term): Cic. 
give any order to the s., mandare aliquid 
procuratori, Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 249. ay 
villicus (a bailiff): v. BAILIFF. 

stewardship: 1, administratio: 

ic. 2. procuratio: Cic. 
stew-pan: authepsa: Cic. Rose. 
Amer. 46, 133. 

stick (subs.): 1, bicitilum (and 
baciilus): leaning upon a s., incumbens 
baculo, Ov. F. 1,177: alittle s., bacillum, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33. 2, clava: Join: 
clavis et fustibus male mulctati (badly 
mauled with s.s and cudgels), id. Verr. 
4, 43,94: V. STAFF, CUDGEL. A candle-s., 
scapus: Plin. 34. 3, 6: @ s. of sealing 
waz, * scapus cerae. 

stick(v.): A.Trans.: L figo, 
xi, xum, 3: to s. a javelin into one, 
figere aliquem telo, Virg. Aen. 10, 382. 

2. infigo: to s. a sword into an 
enemy's breast, i. gladium hosti in pectus, 
Cic. Tuse. 4, 22, 50: V. TRANSFIX, THRUST. 

B. Intrans.: fP Lit: if, 
haereo, haesi, hacsum, 2: the chariots 
were s.ing in the mud, currus illuvie 
naerebant, Curt. 8,4: to s. on a@ horse, 
h. in equo, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28. 2. in- 
figor, fixus, 3: the arrow s.s fast in the 
tree, infigitur arbore sagitta, Virg. Aen. 
5, 504. 3. haesito, 1: to s. fast ina 
marsh, in palude h., Caes. B. G. 7, 19. 

4, adhaereo, 2: s. to, cf. Virg. G. 3, 
443. 5, adhaeresco, haesi, haesum, 3: 
the javelin s.s to the tower, ad turrim 
tragula a., Caes. B. G. 5, 46. Il. Fig.: 
to come to a stand-stil!: 1, haereo, 2: 
to s. in a speech, loquendo b., Quint. 12, 
I, 29: Jam stuck, haereo, Pl. Capt. 3, 3, 
17. 2, haesito, 1: to s. in the mud, 
h. in luto, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 15. 

—-at: to s. at nothing, nihil non 
audere: v. STAND AT. 

— by: V. STAND By. 

— in front: praefigo, 3: the bank 
had been fortified by s.ing stakes in 
Front, ripa erat sudibus praefixis munita, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 18. 

— on: lies. the head on his spear, 
praefixit caput hastae, Suet. Caes. 85. 

— to: Fig.: he s.s to justice, justi- 
tiae adhaerescit, Cic. Off. 1, 24: the name 
s.s to him, i}li cognomen adhaeret, Hor. S. 
2,2, 56: to s. to the truth, in veritate 
mancre, Cic. Clu. 63, 176: if they would 
s. by their agreement, si in eo manerent, 
quod convenissent, Caes. B. G. 1, 36: v. 
STAND BY. 

— up: to s. up a notice (of sale, 
etc.), tabulam figere, cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 
97. Fig.. stuck up, insdlens: siiperbus: 
v. CONCEITED. 

stickler: expr. by circuml, with 
verb or adj. ; he was a great s. for the 
honour and dignity of the state, digni- 
tatem et decus civitatis sustinebat, Cic. 
Off. 1, 34, 124: a great s. for his own 
reputation, curiosissimus famae suae, 
Capitol. Anton. Philos. 20. 

sticky: ], ténax, acis: s. honey- 


2. prociirator: to | 


STIGMATIZE 





combs, t. cerae, Virg. G. 4, 161. 2. 
lentus: glue more s. than pitch, gluten 
pice !entius, ib. 41. 8. glitindsus 
(late): Cels. 6, 4, 5. viscdsus 
(late): Pall. 1, 14. 

stiff: |. Rigid: 1, rigidus: 
Ss. oaks, r. quercus, Virg. E. 6, 28. 9: 
rigens, ntis: the earth s. with frost, tel- 
lus bruma r., Petr. 132: limbs growing 
8. as life departs, membra fugiente 
rigentia vita, Luc. 2, 25. 3. rigorat- 


Plin. 17, 25, 35. Phr: @ &. 
(medical), dolor inflexibilis (opistho- 
tonos), id. 28, 12, §2. 
mal, starched: rigidus, horridus, diff{- 
cilis: (s. and formal with his equals, 
inter pares difficilis, Tac. A. 11, 21): 
dirus, arrégans: v. FORMAL. Pbhr.: 
to walk with a s. deportment, cervice 
rigida et obstipa incedere, Suet. Tib. 
68: assuming a s. demeanour, iu arro- 
gantiam compositus, Tac. Agr. 42. 
stiffen: |. To become hard: 
rigeo, rigesco (poet.), obdiresco: con- 
cresco (of liquids, cf. Virg. G. 3, 463): 
V. HARDEN. I]. Zo make stiff: 1, 
| rigiduzn facere vel praebere. 9: 
diiro, 1 (rare): 8, amylo, 1 (to s. 
with starch): Vv. STARCH. 
stiffly : J. Lit.: rigidé, dire. 
Il. Fig.: in a s. formal manner, 
diiré, arréganter. Expr. by circl. with 
adj.: Vv. STIFF. 
— -necked: obstivuatus: immot- 
us: pertiuax: v. OBSTINATE. 
stiffness: |. Lit.: 1. rigor, 
Oris, m.: 8. of the neck, cervicis r., Plin. 
28,12, 22: s. of expression (in portraits), 
vultus r., id. 35, 9, 35. 9. firmitas, 
tatis, f. (in a good sense): the s. of the 
| wood resists the blow, ictum f. materiae 
| sustinet, Caes. B. C. 2, 11. ll. Fig.: 
S. of manner, etc.: 1. rigor: old- 
Fashioned s., antiquus r., Tac. H. 1, 18. 
2, arrogantia: he had got rid of 
all harshness and stiffness, tristitiam et 
arr. exuerat, id. Agr.g. Phr.: he had 
no official s. about him, nulla erat potes- 
tatis persona, ib. 
stifle: |. To kill by stopping the 
breath : 1, suffoco, 1: to be s.d by 
| being embalmed in honey, in melle situm 
suffocari, Lucr. 3, 904: to s. the sound 
| of the voice, vocem s., Quint. 11, 3, §1. 
2. strangiilo, 1: the heat and smoke 
$.8 one, vapor et fumus s., Plin. 33, 4, 
21: the swelling of the jaws s.s the voice, 
fauces tumentes s. vocem, Quint. 11, 3, 
20. 3, vAporo, t (to s. with fumes): 
| Plin. 29, 4; 39. 4, obstruere spiritum 
oris, Virg. G. 4, 300. Phr.: a sing hot 
place, locus torridus et vapore plenus, 
Liv. 5, 48. (I. Fig.: to suppress, 
| destroy: 1, abdleo, évi (ui), itum, 2: 
to s. the voice of the R. people and the 
conscience of maniind, vocem P. R. et 
| conscientiam humani generis ab., Tac. 
Agr. 2. 2. opprimo, pressi, pressum, 
3: tos. genius and its pursuits, ingenia 
et studia opp., ib. 3. 3, exstinguo, 
nxi, nctum, 3: they say that truth is too 
often obscured never wholly s.d, veri- 
tatem laborare nimis saepe aiunt exstin- 
gui nunquam, Liv. 22, 39. Join: ex- 
stinguere ct opprimere, Cic. Rose. Am. 
13, 36. Phr.: to s. the pursuit of elo- 
quence, in silentium agere studia fori, 
Tac. Agr. 39: to s. one’s feelings, se re- 
primere, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 58: to s. free 











inquiry, perh. *coercere libertatem 
philosophiae. 

stifling (subs.): |. A choking: 
V. CHOKING, SUFFOCATION. ll. Fig.: 





V. EXTINCTION, REPRESSION. 
stigma: 1, stigma (prop. the 
| branding of a slave), itis, n.: to fix an 
| indelible s. on any one, perpetua stig- 
wata alicui imponere, Suet. Caes. 73. 
2. nota: a disgraceful s. upon 
those times, turpis n. illorum tempor- 
| um, Cic. Off. 3, 18,74: to brand any 
one with a s., alicui inurere notam, id. 
Sull. 31: v. STAIN, DISGRACE. 








stigmatize: 1, describo, psi, 
ptum, 3: to s.a man asa thief and as- 


sassin, d. aliquem latronem ac sicarium, 
Cic. Mil. 18, 47: cum contumelia de- 


us (late): s. vine layers, r. traduces, | 
neck | 


ll. Fig.: For- | 


STILL 





| Scribere aliquem, id. Phil. 2, 44, 113. 
2. acciiso, 1: to s. the idleness of 
| the young men, acc. inertiam adolescen- 
tium, id. de Or. 1, 58, 246 3, ndto, 1 
(prop. of the Censor’s mark): to s. the 
action not the man, rem non hominem 
n., id. Mil. 11, 31: ignominia notare, id. 
Phil. 7, 8, 23: @ passion that deserves to 
be s.d, amor dignus notari, Hor. 8. 1, 
3, 24. 
stile: perh. scalae humiles: * scalae 
quae per aggerem ferunt. <A turn-s., 
*septum versatile. 
stiletto: sica: piigio: v. DAGGER. 
still (subs.): perb. *officina hordei 
| fermento corrumpendi. 
still (adj.): Without motion or dis- 
turbance : 1, immotus: Ov. F. 4, 
505: a8. calm day, serenus et immotus 
dies, Tac. H. 1, 86. 2. quiétus: the 
&. air, aer q., Virg. Aen. 5, 216. 8. 
silens, ntis: a s. night, s. nox, Ov. M. 4, 
84. 4, tranquillus: a sea naturally 
§., mare natura sua t., Cic. Cluent. 49, 138. 
5. pacatus: a s, sea, mare p., Hor, 
Od. 4, 5, 19: Vv. CALM, QureT. Phr.: 
the sea ts s., silet aequor, Virg. E. 9, 57: 
everything is s. around, silent late loca, 
id. Aen. 9, 190: the waves are s., qui- 
erunt aequora, ib. 7,6: when the waves 
grew s., sedatis fluctibus, Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 
154: all is s. and quiet, otium et silen- 
tium est, Ter. Hec. prol. 2,43: the winds 
grew s., venti posuere, Virg. Aen. 7, 27. 
still (v.): 1, sédo, 1: to s. a tu- 
mult, s. tumultum, Caes. B. C. 3,. 18: 
the tempest ts s.’d, tempestas sedatnr, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 46. 2. placo, 1: to 
Ss. the waves, aequora pl., Ov. M. 11, 432. 
3. séréno, 1: to s. a tempest, tem- 
pestatem s., Virg. Aen. 1, 255. 4. 
in tranquillum transferre (sc. sedi- 
tionem), Pl. Amph. 1, 2, 16: v. ALLAY, 
PACIFY, QUIET. 
still (adv.): |. Nevertheless: ni- 
hilominus, attamen vérumtimen, sé&d 
timen: v. NEVERTHELESS. Il. Be- 
sides: 1. Gtiam: J have one request 
s. to make to you, unum etiam vos oro, 
Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 4: but there is s. some- 
thing that I should wish you to be in- 
formed about, sed etiam est vos quod 
monitos voluerim, Pl. Capt. prol. 53. 
2. adhuc: I will add one circum- 
Stance s.,unam rem adbuc adjiciam, Sen. 
ON. 4, 8. 3. amplius, insiiper, prae- 
térea: Vv. BESIDEs. Il]. Joined with 
comparatives : 1, étiam: s. greater 
differences, majures etiam varietates, 
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107: is there anything 
more s.? an quid est etiam amplius? 
| Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 22. 2. adbuc (rare in 
this sense): this embassy is s. milder in 
expression, haec legatio adhuc lenior 
est, Liv. 21, 18: cf. Tac. G. 19. 3. 
jam: to speak at s. greater length, jam 
plura dicere, Cic. Manil. 9, 24. 4, 
magis : s. more siveet, Magis est dulcius, 
PL. Stich. 5, 4, 22. Phr.: nature has 
given man still more in that she has 
assigned him reason also, natura dedit 
homini hoc amplius quod addidit ra- 
tionem, Cic. N. ). 2, 12, 34: this concerns 
meé,and you much more s., illud ad me 
ac muito etiam magis ad vos, id. de Or. 
2, 32, 139: a s. longer distance off, lon- 
gius etiam, id. Fam. 4, 1: you are 60 
years old or s. more than that, annos 
LX. natus es ant plus eo, Ter. Heaut. 1, 
I, 11: how much longer s.? quamdia 
letiam? Cic. Cat 1,1.  |V, Always: 
semper, usque, in aeternum, aeternum 
| (poet.): v. ALWAYS, EVER. V. Up to 
this or that time: 1, étiam: while 
he was s.in bed, quum iste etiam cue 
baret, Cic. Verr. 3, 23, 56: s. trembling, 
etiam tremens, Virg. G. 3, 189. 4 
| Stiam-num and (more freq.) etiam-nunc 
| (both of present and past time): Iams. 
| speaking of the subject matter of an 
| oration, de materia loqnor orationis 
}etiam nunc, Cic. Or. 34, 119: cf. PL 
Mere. 4, 5, 14: you said that there was 
s. something in your way, dixisti paulu- 
{lum tibi etiam nunc morae esse, Cic. 
| Cat. I, 4, 9- 3, adhuc: he found 
him s.in a state of doubt, consecutus 
est adhuc fluctuantem animo, Liv. 33, 
7197 








STILLNESS 





49. Phr.. Sarmentus’ mistress s. lives, 
Sarmenti domina exstat, Hor. S. 1, 5,55: 
tt s. remains for me to tell, nunc mihi 
superest dicere, Ov. F. 3, 675: there 
were wo days s. left, biduum supererat, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 23: that reputation has 


no charms for me, s. less if it be false, | 


non ista me fama delectat, falsa prae- 
sertim, Cic. Am. 4, 15: Vv. ESPECIALLY. 

stillness: 1, silentium: s. and 
desolation reigned supreme, vastum ubi- 
que s., Tac. Agr. 38: in the s. of night, 
noctis silentio, Liv. 5, 32. 2. quies, 
étis, f.: s. of the sea, pelagi q., Stat. 2, 2, 
26. 3. milacia (of the sea): Join: 
m. et tranquillitas, Caes. B. G. 3, 15: v. 
CALM. 

stilly (adj.) ¢ v. STILL. 
. gtilted: Pbhr.: s. language, perh. 
verba sesquipedalia, Hor, A. P. 97: v. 
STIFF, MAGNILOQUENT. 

stilts: grallae, drum: Varr. in Non. 
115, 21. One who walks upon s., 
grallator, Oris, m.: ib.: cf. Pl. Poen. 3, 
I, 27 (others here read clavatorem): the 
step taken by one on s., gradus gralla- 
torius, Pseud.-Pl. 

stimulaut: ], irritamentum : 
s.s to the appetite, irrit. gulae, Sall. J. 89. 

9, stimilus: s.s to industry, st. 

industriae, Cic. Coel. 5, 12: these things 
supplied the young man with s.s to his 
ambition, haec stimulos addidere juveni, 
Tac. Agr.5. 8, calcar, aris, .: glory 
ts a great s., immensum gloria c. habet, 
Ov. Pont. 4, 2, 36: v. SPUR, INCENTIVE. 

stimulate : 1, stimiilo, 1: the 
glory of his ancestors s.d his courage, 
avita gloria animum stimulabat, Liv. 1, 
22. 9, excito, 1: to s. one to labour, 
aliquem ad laborem exc., Cic. Planc. 24, 
5y. Join: stimulari atque excitari, 
ib. 28,69. 93, irrito,1: tos. the spirit, 
animos irr., Hor. A. P. 180. 4, in- 
cendo, di, nsum, 3: J am s.d, not only 
by the desire of, but also by the fame 
that waits on, virtuous actions, incendor 
non desiderio solum sed etiam fama vir- 
tutum, Cic. Or. 10, 33. 5, alo, alui, 
altum and alitum, 3: honowr s.s the jine 
arts, honor alit artes, id. Tusc. 1,2: v. 
PROMOTE, ENCOURAGE. 

stimulus: v. STIMULANT. 

sting (subs.): |. The s. of an 
animal : j, actileus: a bee’s s., apis 
ac., Cic. Tusc. 2, 22,52. 2, spictilum: 
fastening on the veins (bees) leave their 
s.s behind them hidden in the wound, sp. 
caeca relinquunt adfixae venis, Virg. G. 
4, 237. 3, acumen, inis, n.: the s. of 


the scorpion, scorpii ac., Cic. Arat. 685. | 
Il. The wound inflicted by the s.: | 


], ictus, ts, m.: by which food 
wasps make their s.s mortal, quo alimen- 
to vespae mortiferos ictus faciunt, Plin. 
II, 53, 116: the scorpion’s tail is ever 
ready for @ s., Scorpionis semper cauda 
in ictu est, id. II, 25, 30: a puncture 
made by a S., aculeatus ictus, id. 20, 21, 
84. 2, morsus, iis, m.: Virg. G. 4, 
237. (Though others explain morsus 
here to be the bite of the bee.) 
vulnus, éris, ”.: v. WOUND. II]. The 
s. of plants: spinarum aculei, Plin. 21, 


15,55: there is in those leaves a pun- | 


gency from their s.s, iis foliis inest 
aculeata mordacitas, id. 21, 15, 54: with- 
out any S., morsu carens, ib. IV. 
Meton.: 1. acileus: the s.s of 
sarcasm, ac. centumeliarum, Cic. Or. 2, 
55, 222. his wit has a s. in tt, cum ali- 
quo ac. facetus est, id. Brut. 47, 173. 
9. vénénum.: cf. Hor. S. 1, 7, 1. 
3 morsus, tis, m.: the s. of sorrow, 
m. doloris, Cic. Tusc. 4.7, 15. 4, acu- 
men, inis, 7”.: they prick themselves with 
their oun ss, se cou pungunt suis ac., 
Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 158. 
éris, n.: this is the s. of our sorrow, hoc 
nostrum vulnus, Tac. Agr. 45. Phr.: 
the s.s of conscience, angor conscientiae, 
Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 40: to feel some s.s of 
conscience, morderi conscientia, id. Tusc. 
4, 20, 45. 
sting (.): 
with @ S.: 


|. Lit.: To pierce 
1, pungo, ptipiigi, punc- 


tum, 3. tos. the frame, p. corpus, Lucr, | vinum p., Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 125. 


2, 460. 
3 


5, vulnus, | 








3. | 





| fish, pisces 


STINKING 


to s. with a nettle, aculeis urticae c., Col. 
8, 14, 8. 3, mordeo, mdmordi, mor- 
sum, 2: @ nettle with leaves that do not 
s., urtica foliis non mordentibus, Plin. 22, 
14,16: to s. the tongue, linguam m., id. 
29, 2, 9. 4, tro, ussi, ustum, 3: to be 
stung with rods, virgis uri, Hor. S. 2, 7, 
58. 5, fério, 4: to be stung by a 
serpent, feriri a serpente, Plin. 29, 4, 22. 
Phr.: a 8.ing nettle, urtica mordax, Ov. 
A. A. 2, 417. |]. Fig.: 70 vex, pro- 
voke : 1, pungo, 3: that letter has so 
stung me that it has deprived me of 
sleep, epistola illa ita me pupugit, ut 
somnum ademerit, Cic. Att. 2,16. Join: 
stimulare ac pungere, id. Rose. Am. 2. 
2. mordeo, 2: your letters stung me 
very much, valde me momorderunt 
epistolae tuae, id. Att. 13, 12. 8. ex- 
criicio, 1: this is what s.s me, haec sunt 
quae me excr., Pl. Trin. 2, 2,9: bad men 
are stung by their conscience, animi con- 
scientia improbi excruciantur, Cic. Fin. 
2, 16, 53. 
stingily : 1, parcé, parcius: to 
live s., p. victitare, Pl. Truc. 2, 3, 26. 
9, illibéraliter: to estimate the 
value of a thing very s., valde ill. aesti- 
mare aliquid, Cic. Att. 4, 2. 3. sor- 
didé: Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 352: to conduct 
a proconsulship s., sord. gerere procon- 
sulatum, Plin. Ep. 3, 9. 4, maligné : 
the land was s. apportioned among the 
plebs, ager m. plebi divisus, Liv. 3, 12: 
to deal s. with a man, malignius agere 
cum aliquo, Plin. Ep. 44: v. MEANLY, 
SORDIDLY. 
stinginess: 1, sordes, is, f.: 
oppos. to profusae epulae, Cic. Mur. 36, 
716: to taunt a man with s., sordes obji- 
cere alicui, Hor. S. 1, 6, 68. 9. illi- 
béralitas, tatis, f, (rare in this sense): 
so that there should be no suspicion of s. 
or avarice, ita ut illib. et avaritiae absit 
suspicio, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 3, nimia 
parsimonia: cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 32. 
4, ténacitas, tatis, f.: Liv. 34, 7: 
V. MEANNESS. 
stinging (adj.): 1, mordax, acis: 
a s. lampoon, m. carmen, Ov. Tr. 2, 563. 
2. mordens, ntis: a s. jest, m. jocus, 
Juv. 9, 10. 8, aculéatus: a s. letter, 
literae acul., Cic. Att. 14, 11: Vv. STING. 
stingy: 1, sordidus: so s. as 
never to dress better than a slave, ita s. 
ut se non unquam melius servo vestiret, 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 96. 9. ténax, acis: H. 
Is his father s.? Tenaxne pater ejus 
est? Phi. Immo edepol pertinax (very 
Ss), BL Capt 2; 2339: 3, parcus 
(more usual in good sense: frugal): s. 
in money, pecuniae p. et tenax, Suet. 
Tib. 46. 4, illibéralis, e (rare in this 
sepse): @ s. advance (of money), illib. 
adjectio, Liv. 38, 14: Vv. ILLIBERAL. 
stink (subs.): 1, foetor, Oris, m.: 
Cic. Pis. 10, 22. 2. ddor and ddos, 
Oris, m.: Sall. J. 45: where the s. of 
mud is offensive, ubi odor coeni gravis, 
Virg. G. 4, 49: a foul s., teter odor, Caes. 
BsCa3) 49. 8. dlor, Oris, m. (a coarse 
word): Varr. L. L.6, 8,83. 4, graved- 
lentia: Plin. 22, 22, 43: v. SMELL. 
stink (v.): 1, male dleo, ui, 2: 
Pl. Most. 1, 3, 120: to s. of wine, vina 
olere, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 5: pools s.ing of 
sulphur, olentia sulphure stagna, Ov. M. 
5, 405: the man whose breath s.s, is cui 
os oleat, Ulp. Dig. 21, 1, 12: ef. Virg. G. 
2, 134. Q, foeteo, 2: Pl. Asin. 5, 2, 
44: your words s. in my nostrils, f. tuus 
mihi sermo, Pl. Casin. 3, 6, 13. 3. 
bbdleo, ui, 2 (to s. of ): you s. of garlic, 
oboluisti allium, id. Most. 1, 1, 38: v. 
TO SMELL. 
stinking (subs.): gravitas, tatis, f. : 
s. of the breath, gr. halitus, Plin. 30, 6, 
15: animae gr., id. 20, 9, 35: V- STINK. 
stinking (adj.): 1, foetidus: s. 
7 Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 33: s. breath, 
f. os, Cic. Pis. 6,13. - Q, Slidus: s. she- 
goat, ol. capra, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 29. 3: 
grivedlens, ntis: s. Avernus, gr. Aver- 
nus, Virg. Aen. 6,201. 4, dlens, ntis: 
s. limbs, olentia membra, id. G. 3, 564. 
5. piitidus (s. from decay): s. wine, | 
6, hir- 





STIR 





of centurions, hire. gens centurionum, 
Pers. 3, 77+ i 

stint (subs.): Indpia, paucitas, tatis, 
f.: v. scarcity. More usu. with nega- 
tive: we have no s. of subjects, parentes 
abunde habemus, Sall. J. 102: to have 
no s. of genius and leisure, ingenio et 
ctio abundare, Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 22: Vv 
LACK. 

stint (v.): Phr.: to s.a person, ali- 
quem arcte colere, Sall. J. 85: to s. the 
price of a thing, pretiv parcere, Pl. Capt. 
prol. 32: to s. the appetite, gulam et 
ventrem circumscribere, Sen. Ep. 108: 
to s. oneself of one’s proper food, fraud- 
are se vict suo, Liv. 2, ro: fraudare se 
cibo, Phaedr. 4, 19, 19: to s. oneself of 
pleasure, genium defraudare, Pl. Aul. 
4, 19, 4: he doesn’t s. himself at all, ni- 
hil sibi defraudat, Petr. 69: to s. the ex- 
penses of a funeral, impensam funeri 
circumcidere, Phaedr. 4, 19, 25. 

stipend : 1, salarium (prop. 
money given to soldiers for salt, hence 
generally): qa yearly s., 83. annuum, 
Ulp. Dig. 2, 15, 8, § 23: to support a 
man by a s., aliquem salario sustentare, 
Suet. Tib. 46. 2. merces, édis, f.: 
the players’ s.s, mercedes scenicorum, 
Suet. Tib. 34. 3. perh. *pecunia quo- 
tannis accepta. (Stipendium in the 
sense of pay is exclusively a military 
t. t.) : V. SALARY. 

stipendiary: 1, mercénarius: 
clerks are considered mere s.s, mercen- 
arii scribae existimantur, Nep. Eum. 1. 

2, stipendiarius (in military lan- 

guage t. t. for hired troops): s. cohorts, 
st. cohortes, Auct. B. Afr. 43: cf. Liv. 
8,8. Phr.: s. magistrates, perh. * qui 
cum rata mercede jurisdictioni prae- 
sunt: you are my s., tu in aere meo 
es, Cic, Fam. 13, 62: v. MERCENARY, 
HIRELING. 

stipulate: 1. paciscor, pactus, 3 
dep.: they s.d, the army for licence, the 
general for personal safety, pacti exer- 
citus licentiam, dux salutem, Tac. Agr. 
16: he had s.d for the province for him- 
self, provinciam sibi pactus erat, Cic. 
Sest. 25, 55. 2. dépaciscor, 3, dep. : he 
s.d for three farms for himself, tria 
praedia sibi depactus est, id. Rosc. Am. 
8, ferre conditiones, id. Phil. 
4, stipiilor, 1, dep.: id. Rose. 
Com. 5, 14: s. for as much as you please, 
quantumvis stipulare, Juv. 7, 165. 

Stipulation: 1. stipulatio, dnis, 
f.: Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 100: the money is 
owed according to the s., ea pecunia ex 
stip. debetur, id. Leg. 2, 21, 53. 5’ 
conditio, Onis, f.: he gave you the book 
on the s. that you should undertake to 
correct it, librum tibi ea conditione dabat 
si reciperes te correcturum, Cic. Fam. 6, 
7: to make a s., ferre conditionem, ib. 
8, 14: V. CONDITION, COMPACT. 

stir (subs.): motus, timultus, turba: 
Vv. COMMOTION, DISTURBANCE. Phr.: to 
make a very great s. about a thing, in- 
genti fama celebrare aliquid, Tac. Agr. 
39: I perceive that there is a s. and 
hurry, trepidari sentio et cursari, Tez. 
Hec. 3, 1, 35: to make a s., tumultuari, 
Auct. Her. 4, 15, 21. 

stir (.); A. Trans.: {f, Lit: 
To move: modveére, commovere, de loco 
movére: v.MOVE. Pkhr.: thesea ts s.’a 
and agitated by the winds, ventorum vi 
agitatur atque turbatur mare, Cic. Clu. 
42, 138: to s. up the fire, ignem suscit- 
are, Ov. M. 8, 641: cf. sopitos suscitat 
ignes (he s.s up), Virg. Aen. 5, 743: Vv. 
POKE: to s. up with a spoon, tudicula 
miscere, Plin. 34, 18, 54: to s. up with a@ 
wooden ladle, rutabulo ligneo peragitare, 
id! 12, 24, 4, ll. Fig.: To excite, 
move : 1, commoveo, movi, motum, 
2: to be exceedingly s.’d by a thing, ve- 
hementer aliqua re commoveri, Caes. 
BGs tase 2. moveo, movi, mo- 
tum, 2: the consul’s speech had s.’d 
the people, moverat plebem oratio con- 
sulis, Liv. 3, 20: to s. up one to war 
aliquem ad bellum m., id. 35, 12. 3. 
exagito, 1: to s. up the common people, 
vulgum exag., Sall. J. 73. 4, misceo, 


2, compungo, nxi, nctum, 3: | cOsus (a very coarse word): the s. tribe | ui, mixtum, 2: to s. up seditions, sedi: 





STIRRING 





tiones m., Tac. H. 4, 68. 5, arrigo, 
exi, ectum, 3: Marius had s.’d them up 
with his speech, eos oratione Marius ar- 
rexerat, Sall. J. 84: V. EXCITE, AROUSE. 

B. Intrans.: movéri, se movere : 
v. Move. Phr.: he did not s. a step 
From his own house, pedem non extulit 
domo sua, Cic. Att. 6, 8. 


stirring (adj.): |, Active, busy: 


sédulus, navus, impiger, Opérdsus, in- | 


quiétus: v. BUSY, BUSTLING. ||. 22- 
citing, full of commotion: a seditious 
and s. life, seditiosa ac tumultuosa vita, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 3, 4: never has the state of 
Britain been more s., non alias exercita- 
tior fuit Britannia, Tac. Agr. 5: @ 8. 
speech, *oratio ad movendos animos apta. 
stirrup: the earliest word used to 
designate s. is *scala, though even this 
is very late Latinity. *Stapes, *stapia, 
*stapedium, *stapeda, are only found in 
some very late inscriptions, and have no 
classical authority: v. Ducange. 
stitch (subs.): |. A pass of the 
needle: *tractus acus~ to work with a 
fancy s., acupingere, Plin. 8, 48, 74. 
ll. Meton.: a s. in the side, 
subiti laterum dolores, Plin. 34, 15, 44. 
stitch (.): 1, suo, sui, situm, 3: 
hives s.d together with hollow corks, cor- 
ticibus suta cavatis alvearia, Virg. G. 4, 
33. 9, consuo (rare), 3: to s. up a 
tunic, tunicam cons., Varr. L. L. 9, 47, 
147. 
stiver; used for a coin of very small 
value: (vilis) as: Hor.S.1,1, 43. Phr.: 
not to abate one s., *de summa ne mi- 
nimam quidem partem decedere velle. 
stoat: * Mustela erminea: Linn. 
stoccado: V- STOCKADVE. 
stock (subs.) : |. Main body of a 
tree: 1, stirps, pis, /.: v. TRUNK. 
9. rare in this sense, caudex, icis, 
m.: Plin. 16, 30, 53. (Caudex usu. de- 
notes @ mere dry stump or log: as also 
does stipes.) I]. Fig.: applied to a 
person very dull and senseless: 1, sti- 
pes, itis, m.: Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 4. OB). 
caudex: ib. 3, truncus: Cic. N. D.1, 30, 
84. I]. Origin, lineage: 1, stirps: 
Cie.: Virg.: Vv. LINEAGE. 2. génus: 
V.RACE. See also ORIGIN, RANK, FAMILY. 
IV. Supply: copia: accumulated s., 
anteconvecta c., Liv. 5, 13: V. SUPPLY, 
QUANTITY. Phr.: to hare a good s. of 
anything, abundare aliqua re, Cic. Sen. 
16, 56: to huve a good s. of everything, 
omnibus rebus instructum esse, id. Man. 
8, 20: V. FURNISHED. V. Esp. the 
capital and implements employed in 
working a business: instrumentum 
(which however can scarcely include 
actual money): to maintain farms with 
large outlay and large s., arationes 
magna impensa, magno i. tueri, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 21, 53: cf. Auct. pro dom. 20, 
62, i. villae (i. e. implements of hus- 
bandry): Varr. R.R. 1,13. To include 
the notion of goods in hand, instrumen- 
tum ac merces: V.MERCHANDIZE. VJ. 
Cattle : 1, res pécuaria: a lage 
amount of s., res p. ampla, Cic. Quint. 
3,12: Serr. R. R. 2. pécus, dris, n. : 
¥. CATTLE. (Pecuaria also occurs absol. 
= s.-farming, cattle-breeding.) VII. 
Capital invested: use péciniae: s.s of 
all kinds are low, jacent pretia pecu- 
niarum collocatarum omnium: ef, Cic. 
R. Com. 12 (quum jacerent pretia prae- 
diorum).  YIl|I. Zhe wooden part of a 
tool: use lignum. 
stock (v.): |. To provide with: 
instruo, 3: V. TO FURNISH, PROVIDE. 
I]. Esp. to furnish a farm, etc., with 
all its belongings, * fundum (arationem) 
instrumento omni atque re pecnaria re- 
plere: to s. a fish-pond, piscinam fre- 
quentare, Col. 8, 16; and immediately 
after, (piscinas) convectis marinis semi- 
nibus (spawn) replere. So, well-s.’d, 
frequens: e.g. a forest well-s.’d with 
timber, silva trabibus f., Ov. M. 8, 329. 
stock (adj.): i.e. of the common 
repertory ; frequently used: the s. ar- 
guments against philosophers, * quae 
contra philosophos disputantibus max- 
tme in promptu (in aperto) sunt. | 
stock-broker. * qui pecuniarum 





STOMACH 


STONE-BLIND 





s : 
| (publice) collocatarum mercaturam fac- 


titat; or perh. as gen. term, argentarius 
(money-dealer, banicer). 

stock-dove : palumbes, is, c.: Virg.: 
Hor. 

—- -gtill : immdtus, immodbilis: v. 
IMMOVABLE. When the cause is emo- 
tion of some kind, to stand s. may be 
expr. by stiipere: cf. Virg. Aen. 1, 495, 
stupet obtutuque haeret defixus in uno. 
More exactly, * tanquam stipes vel 
truncus in iisdem vestigiis haerere (cf. 
Caes. B. G. 4, 2, Germani equos eodem 
remanere vestigio assuefaciunt, to stand 
perfectly still). 

stockade: locus (agger) vallo mu- 
nitus (cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 21, oppidum 
Britanni vocant quum silvas impeditas 
vallo atque fossa munierunt): locus 
acutis sudibus praefixisque munitus (cf. 
ib. c. 18). 

stocking; tibiale, is, n. (a kind of 
warm covering for the calf of the leg): 
to wear s.s (or leggings) in winter, 
hieme tibialibus muniri, Suet. Aug. 
82. 

stocks: |. Funds: v.srock (VIL). 
For the feet: lignum: Vulg. 
i. 24. Or use compédes: v. 
FETTER. |]. Zhe framework on which 
a ship rests while building : perh. fulci- 
menta (navalia). 

stoic: stoicus: used both as adj. 
and subs.: the S. school, schola s. secta 
S.: v. seer, scHoot. It is a doctrine of 
the S.s, placet Stoicis, Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 133: 
the founder of the S.s, [inventor et} 
princeps Stoicorum, ib. c. 42, ext. 

stoical: |. In strict sense: v. 
preced. art. I]. Manifesting indif- 
erence to pleasure or pain: durus, fer- 
reus: cf. Cic. Am. 13, ad fin., virtutem 
duram et quasi ferream esse volunt. 
Also rigidus (inflexible): cf. Liv. 39, 40, 
(Cato) rigidae innocentiae ; and horridus : 
Hor. Od. 3, 21, 10, non ille.... te negli- 
get horridus (with s. indifference): to 
become s., obdurescere (ad aliquid): Cic. 
Att. 1. 13; 2. 

stoically; perh. duré, diriter: v. 
RIGOROUSLY. Or by circuml, ferrea 
quadam patientia, etc. Also the adjj. 
given in preced. art. (II.) may some- 
times serve, acc. to L. G. § 343: cf. 
Hor. 1. ¢. 

stoicism: j. Lit.: Stoica ratio, 
disciplina : Stoicorum doctrina : v. srorc. 

Il. Indifference to pleasure or pain : 
*Stoicismus qui appellatur : animus qui- 
dam durus, rigidus (ac prope ferreus): 
V. STOICAL. 

stoker: *qui ignes curat. 

stole; stdla: Cic.: Hor.: dressed in the 
s. (as a matron), stolatus, Vitr.: Suet. 

stolen (part. and adj.): furtivus: 
s. wool, f. lana, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, t4: s. co- 
lours (of the jackdaw in the fable), f. 
colores, ib. 3,20. See also SECRET, FUR- 
TIVE. Phr.: s. goods, furta (= res 
furtivae), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, 171: al-o 
praeda: a hiding-place for s. goods, 
receptaculum praedae, ib. 5, 23. 

stolid : 1, stdlidus (dull, obtuse) : 
Ter.: Hor.: briitus (dull, irrational - 
rare). Join: brutus atque hebes, Sen. 
Ben. 3, 37, 3- 2. hébes: v. DULL, IN- 
SENSIBLE. 

stolidity: stdliditas: v. stuPrprty. 
Perh. more exactly, animus stolidus 
(brutus) atque hebes : v. STOLID. 

stolidly ; stdlidé: v, srurrpLy. 

stomach (subs.) - J. Lit: 1, 
stémachus (originally, the oesophagus or 
gullet : also, the stomach proper: in the 
anatomical description of Cels. 4, I, 
stomachus is defined as the passage 
[iter] leading to the stomach [ventri- 
culus]: so Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 135: but in 
the ordinary phraseology of Cels. sto- 
machus is used where we should say 
stomach): a weak s., infirmus s., Cels. 
1,8. to suffer in the s. (from indiges- 
tion), stomacho laborare, ib.- things 
good or bad for the s., stomacho apta, 
aliena, id. 2, 24 and 25: to suit the s., 
stomacho convenire, ib. 25: a clamorous 
s. latrans s., Hor. 2. ventricilus 








Fering from s., calculosus : 


lower part of the body): Cels 8, I (¥. 
supr.): Plin. —|f, Fig.: relish: chiefly 
in phr. to have no s. for, fustidire: v. 
TO LOATHE; also, TO RELISH. Ill. Ar 
rogance, presumption: spiritus, Us: 
esp. in pl.: Vv. PRESUMPTION, HAUGHTI- 
NESS. 

stomach (v.): concdquo, xi, ctum, 3 
(to digest, hence to put up with): Cic.; 

iv. 





-ache: *stomachi dolores. (Tore 
mina, um, 7. pl., is dysentery.) 
stomacher: stroéphium: Cat. 64, 65. 
stomachic : *stomacho aptum 
(medicamentum) : cf. Cels. 2, 24> *quod 
stomachum firmat, reficit, corroborat, 


r. 
stone (subs.): |. In ordinary 
sense: ], lapis, idis, m. (most gen, 
term, denoting either s. as @ material, 
or as.): s. suitable for grinding pur- 
poses, |. molaris, Quint. 2, 19,3: Farian 
s. (i.e. marble), Parius L, Virg.: to fling 
s.s, lapides jacere, Cic. Caes. Dimin. 
lapillus (a small s.): Ov.: Plin. 2: 
saxum (usu. a large, rough s., a rock): 
s.8 of enormous weight (to let fall from 
the walls of a besieged town), magni 
ponderis s., Caes, B. G. 2, 29: to roll the 
S., i.e. of Sisyphus (toil in vain), 8. vol- 
vere, Ter. Eun. 5,9, 55. Esp. note phr., 
saxum quadratum, s. squared or hewn 
into quadrangular blocks, Liv. 10, 23 
8. silex, icis, n. (flint s.): Vv. FLINT. 
4. piimex, icis, m. (pumice-s. : also 
in gen. sense): Prov.: to squeeze 
blood (lit. water) from a s., aquam a p. 
postulare, Pl. 5, scriipus (a small 
sharp s.): Petr. Phr.: made of s.,lapi- 
deus, saxeus (Vv. STONE, adj.) : there was 
a shower of s.8, de coelo lapidavit, Liv. 
27, 37: imbri lapidavit, id. 43, 13: de 
coelo lapidatum est, id. 29, 14 (but also 
lapidibus pluit, 35, 9): to clear (ground) 
of s.8, elapidare, Plin.; to leave no s. un- 
turned, omnia experiri, Ter. Andr. 2, I, 
11: cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 15, omnia per- 
tempto, omnia experior, wav7a denique 
At@ov kw: (nibil) inexpertum relin- 
quere, Curt. 3, 6 (nil...intentatum lin- 
quere, Hor. A. P. 285 = to leave no form 
of composition unattempted): to draw 
tears from s.s, lapides flere ac lamentari 
cogere, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245° to kill two 
birds with one s., perh. de eadem fidelia 
duos parietes dealbare (lit. to whitewash 
tivo walls from the same pail), Curius in 
Cic. Ep. 7, 29: less figuratively, una 
mercede duas res assequi, Cic. 8. Am, 
29, 80 (R. and A.). ||. A precious s.: 
gemma: v. GEM. [I]. A calculous 
concretion in animal bodies : 1. cal- 
culus: to remove a s., ¢. extrahere, Cels. 
7, 26: to reduce and remove s. (bY medi- 
cine), c. comminuere et ejicere, Plin. 20, 
4,13: to cut (for the s.), incidere (cal- 
culi extrahendi cansa), Cels. l.c.: alicui 
calculos excidere (to remove by litho- 
tomy), Kr. (e Plin.): to divide a &., 
(with the forceps, previous to extracting 
it), c. findere, Cels. 1. c. 9. lapillus 
(gravel: rare in this sense): Plin. Suf- 
Plin. IV. 
The hard portion of fruit: 1, nu- 
cleus: the s.s of olives, peaches, cherries, 
olivarum, persicorum, cerasorum 0., 
Plin. Q, 5s, ossis, 7. (lit. bone) > Suet. 
Cl. 8 (olearum ac palmularum ssa). 
V, A testicle: testis, is, m.- DPlin.: 
Hor. VI. A weight: quatuordecim 
pondo librae: v. POUND. 
stone (adj.): 1, lipideus (made 
of s.): a s. wall, murus L, Liv.: Plin. 
9, lapidarius (having to do with §.): 
. STONE-QUARRY, 
stone (v.): i.e. to hurl s.s at: 1. 
expr. by pbrr.: lapides in aliquem con- 
jicere (R. and A.): to s. to death, ali- 
quem lapidibus cooperire, Cic. Of, 3, 11, 
48: saxis obruere, Curt. (Kr.): lapidi- 
bus (saxis) conjectis necare, interficere, 
9, lipido, 1 (a usage unknown to 
the best age): they began to stone him, 
1. eum coeperunt, Auct. B. Hisp. 22: 
Flor.. Vulg. pass. (N.B—To be 
avoided.) 
—— -blind: ita caecus ut nihil ult- 


(not venter; which denotes the whole terius esse possit: plane caecus: ocu- 


199 


STONE-CROP 





lorum sensu plane (omnino) privatus: 
¥. BLIND. 

stone-crop: 4% plant, *sédum: Web- 

— -cutter: 1, lapicida, ae, m. : 
Varr. 2, lapidarius (sc. opifex): 
Dig. 

eae -fruit: * baccae quibus nucleus 
inest, quales sunt oliva, palmula, etc. 

aD Ibi: lapidicina : 

— -quarry: § usu. pl.: Cic. Div. 1, 
13, 23 (in Chivrum lapidicinis, in a s. in 
Chios): Plin. Q, lapidariae latomiae : 
Pl. Capt. 3, 5, 65. 

—-work: usu. lapis: v. STONE. 

stone’s-throw: lapidis jactus (quan- 
tum jactus est lapidis, Vulg. Luc. xxii. 
41): in quantum spatii lapis manu pro- 
jici possit. 

stcniness; perh. saxea natura: v. 
STONY. 


stony: |. Lit.: abounding ins.s: 


1, !&pidosus: s. soil, terra 1., Varr. | 


R. R. 1, 9: Ov. By anal., s. bread 
(gritty), panis 1, Hor. S. 1, 5,91. (Not 
lapideus, which = made of stone.) g 
Sax0sus (rocky and rugged) : v. ROCKY. 
3, scruposus (full of sharp s.s): a 

s. path, via s., Pl. Capt. 1, 2, 78. Il. 
Fig.: hard and feelingless as stone: 
saxeus: Join: saxeus ferreusque, 
Plin. Ep. 2, 3,7. (The use of ferreus in 
this sense is more usu.: ef. Cic. Verr. 5, 
46, 121, quis tam fuit durus et ferreus, 
quis tam inhumanus ?) 

—— -hearted: v. srony, fin. 

stook: of corn, *frumenti manipu- 
lorum cumulus. 

stool: |. A low seat : 1, sca- 
bellum (strictly, for stepping on to a 
bed or couch, from scando): Varr. L. L. 
5, 35,168: Quint. 2, selltila (any small 
seat): V. SEAT. |]. A close-s.: sella 
pertiisa: Cato R. R. 157: called also, s. 
familiarica, Varr. R. R. 1, 13, med.: and 
simply, sella, Scrib, li]. Euphemis- 
tically, evacuation by the bowels : e 
alvus, i, f.: watery, pale-colowred, black 
ss, a. liquida, pallida, nigra, Cels. 2, 6, 
med. : to promote s.s, alvos elicere, Plin. 

2. expr. by circuml., quod descendit, 
quod excernitur: Cels. 2,4,extr. Phr. : 
to go to s., ventrem exonerare, Suet. Vesp. 
20: corpus ex., Sen. Ep. jo, 17: alvum 
ex., Plin. 10, 44, 61 (de avibus): ad requi- 
sita naturae discedere (to go aside for 
the purpose), Spart. Carac. 6: more 
coarsely, cacare, Hor.: Mart. 

stoop (v.): |, Lit.: to bend the 
bedy downwards : 1, expr. by dé- 
mitto, submitto, 3: to s. in order to go 
under an archway, caput ad fornicem 
demittere, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267: they 


entered the doorway s.ing, submisso in- | 


traverunt vertice [or, in prose, capite ] 
postes, Ov. M. 8, 638. 2. by in- 
clino, 1: sing downwards he wrote upon 


the ground, inclinans se deorsum scribe- | 


bat in terram, Vulg. Joh. viii. 6 (in- 
clinare caput or corpus, is simply to in- 
cline the head or person, in whatever 
direction) : V. TO BEND, INCLINE, BOW. 
I]. Fig.: to condescend: descendo, 
me submitto: v. TO CONDESCEND. Expr. 
not to be willing to s. to anything, by 
indignari; we must not be unwilling to 
s. to learn,.., non indignandum est dis- 
cere, Quint. I, 11, 17. 
stoop (subs.): Phr.: fo have a s. 
about the shoulders, *corpore circa hu- 
meros curvato esse. 
stooping (adj.): perh. pronus (with 
head downwards) : v. Sall. Cat. init. Or, 
inclinatus, curvatus, inflexus; v. BENT. 
stop (v.): A, Trans.: |. To 
close an aperture by jilling or obstruct- 
ing: 1, obtiiro, 1 (as with a stopper), 
to s. one’s throat up, gutturem (guttur) 
0. Pl. Aul. 2, 4, 253 to s. one’s ears (re- 
Fuse to listen), aures o., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
105. Join: obstruere et obturare, Cic. 
2. occliido, si, sum, 3 (as by a bolt 
or lock): v. TO sHUT UP. Fig.: to s, 
one’s tongue, 0. linguam, PI. 8. ob- 
sideo, obsido : v. TO BLOCK UP, OBSTRUCT, 
Il. Zo prevent from goingm: 1, 
sisto. stiti, statum, 3. to s. the flow of 





STOP 


STORM 








Aen. 4, 489: tos. horses, equos s., ib. 12, 
355: Liv.: to s. the flow of blood, san- 
guinem s., Tac. A. 15, 54. 2. téneo, 
ui, ntum, 2 (by holding with the hand) : 
to s. @ thief, furem t., Pl. (Kr.): v. To 
HOLD, DETAIN. So comps.: (1.) rétineo, 
2: V. TO HOLD BACK, HOLD FAST. (2.) 
sustineo, 2 (esp. to pull up a horse) : 
Caes. B. G. 4, 33 (equos incitatos s.): 
Cic. 3, inhibeo, 2 (to hold in as with 
reins, not necessarily to s. altogether) : 
Vv. TO HOLD IN. To s, the flow of blood, 
sanguinem i., Ov. M. 7, 849. 4, some- 
limes moror, démoror, rémoror, tardo, 
rétardo, 1 (to delay, check the speed 
of) may serve: to s. the rapid flow of 
rivers, rapidos fluminum lapsus morari, 
Hor, Od. 1, 12, 9: sd the flight of 
winged fate, volucris fati tardavit alas, 
ib. 2, 17, 24: V. TO DELAY, CHECK. Phr.: 
to s. (hold) one’s breath, animam com- 
primere, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 28: to s. any 
one’s tongue (silence him), alicui lin- 
guam comprimere, Pl. Am. £, 1, 195: to 
s. a traveller on his way, viatorem 
consistere cogere, Caes. B. G. 4, 5: fo s. 
(catch, intercept), the enemy in his 
Slight, hostes fugientes excipere; v. TO 
INTERCEPT (1., 3). Il. Zo put as.to: 
comprimo, réprimo, compesco, etc.: v. 
STOP, subs., also TO CHECK, RESTRAIN. 

B, Intrans.: |. Zo come toa 
standstill, pause: 1, sisto, 3: both 
as v. intr, and with pron. refl.: un- 
certain where they may be allowed to s., 
incerti ubi s. detur, Virg. Aen. 3,7: they 
s. not in their headlong career before..., 
non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt, Liv. 
6, 29. Freq. in sepulchral inscrr. s. 
traveller! siste viator! Esp. in comps. : 
(1.) consisto, stiti, stitum, 3: now to go 
more quickly, now to s., ire modo ocius 
interdum c., Hor. S. 1, 9, g: Caes. B. G. 
4, 5: Ter. (2.) résisto, 3: to s. at any 
one’s call, ad verba revocantis r., Ov. M. 
I, 503: (the stag) s..d by the fountain, 
ad fontem restitit, Phaedr.: to s. (in 
flight) for the purpose of fighting, pug- 
nandi causa r., Caes. B. G. 5, 51. (3.) 
insisto, 3: the motions of the stars s., 
(in contrast to acceleration or retarda- 
tion), motus stellarum i., Cic. N. D. 2, 
40, 103: to s. for a moment (in speak- 
ing), i. paulum, id. Fin. 5, 25,75. (4.) 
subsisto, 3 (to pause a little before going 
on): V.TO HALT, PAUSE. (5.) désisto, 3: 
v. TO CEASE. 2. with ref. to persons 
riding or driving: expr. by equum 


(equos) inhibere, sustinere: v. supr. 
(A,, 11). ll. Yo stay, remain : it 
maneo, nsi, NsumM, 2: Vv. REMAIN. Esp. 


= tos. the night over, in travelling : to 
s. at any one’s house, apud aliquem m., 
Cic. Att. 4, 18: Hor. S. 1, 5, 34, etc. 
2. commoror, 1 (to make a stay at 
any place): to s. (for some time) at a 
person's house, apud aliquem c., Cic. 
Man. 5, extr.: he s’d about 25 days in 
that place, dies circiter xxv. in eo loco 
commoratus, Caes. B. G. 5, 7. 8. sto, 
stéti, statum, 1 (to stand waiting) : Cic. 
Pis. 6, 13 (fig.). Il]. Zo leave off do- 
ing anything: désino, Omitto, inter- 
mitto (fo leave off for a time): v. TO 
CEASE. 
stop-up: v. TO stop (A., L.), op- 
STRUCT, BLOCKADE. 
stop (subs.): |. Delay, hindrance : 
esp. in phr. to put @ stop to: 1, com- 
primo, pressi, ssum, 3: to put a s. to 
sedition, seditionem c., Liv. 2, 23, med. : 
Cic. (In sim. sense, reprimo, to check, 
as for a time: the diff. between com- 
primo and reprimo is seen in the foll. 
passage: hanc pestem paullisper reprami, 
non in perpetuum comprimi posse, Cic. 
Cat. 1, 12, fin.) 2. compesco, ui, 3: 
he put a s. to a mutiny by a single 
word, exercitus seditionem uno verbo 
compescuit, Tac. A. I, 42: to puta s. 
to uproar, clamorem c., Hor. Od. 2, 20, 
23: Lucr. (Not so in Cic.) 8, cé- 
hibeo, 2 (less strong): v. TO RFSTRAIN. 
4, exstinguo, nxi, nctum, 3 (a very 
strong expr.: to put an end to, anni- 
hilate): Cic.: Vv. TO DESTROY. 5, di- 
rimo, émi, emptum, 3 (to break off, in- 


water in rivers, 3. fluviis aquam, Virg. | terrupt): to put a s. to a battle (before 


Roo 





| (treasure-house): Plin.: Liv. 
| cells of bees, Virg. G. 4, 229. Esp. fig. : 





for preserving grain: 





it is finished), pugnam, proelium d., 
Caes.: Liv.: so, to put a s. to mutiny, 
seditionem d., Front. Str. 1, 8, 6. 3 
omitto, misi, missum, 3 (to leave off 
doing something ; whereas the precedd. 
chiefly refer to stopping others): let us 
put a s. to mourning, omittamus lugere, 
Cic. Br. 64, jfin.: Hor. 7, to put a 
temporary s. to, moram alicui rei facere, 
moram inferre: v. DELAY. |, Pause: 
intermissio, quies, pausa (a word best 
avoided, though used by Lucr., PL, and 
revived by Gell. ete.): or expr. by 
verb: v. PAUSE, INTERMISSION; and to 
stop (B.). —[||. Wark of punctuation : 
interpunctum, interpunctio, distinctio; 
V. PUNCTUATION. IV. Jn an organ: 
perh. épistémium (R. and A.); or with 
reference to the handle pulled, perh. 
captilus: v. HANDLE. To open all the 
$.8, omnia sonorum itinera aperire, Ban. 
(R. and A.). 

stop-cock: perh. epistémium: to 
turn a s., e. vertere, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 


ad jin. 
-gap: *quod in tempus modo 
adhibetur, 
stoppage: Phr.: there wasas. in 
the street, *concurrentibus vehiculis via 
obstructa erat: s. of the bowels, alvus 
astricta, suppressa, obstructa, Cels. (Kr.): 
there was a 8. of the air-passages, * spi- 
ritus itinera occlusa (praeclusa, at the 
end), erant: V. TO STOP, init. 
stopper ? obttiramentum, obtiraci- 
stopple lum: v. LID. 
storage: expr. by verb’ v. TO sTorE. 
store (subs.): copia: v. QUANTITY, 
SUPPLY, STOCK (IV.). Also, sometimes, 
acervis: Vv. HEAP, HOARD. Phr.: to 
set great s. by, magni facere, aestimare, 
etc.: V, TO VALUE. 
store (v.): 1, condo, didi, ditum, 3: 
to gather in and s, (house) the produce, 
fructus percipere, condere, Cic. Sen. 4, 
24: to s. in a granary, horreo c., Hor. 
Od. 1,1, 9. Join: condere et reponere 
[fructus], Cic. N. D. 2, 62, jfin.: c. et 
componere, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12 (fig.). 
Also less freq. recondo, 3: Quint.: Col. 
2. répdno, posui, itum, 3 (to put 
away): Cic. (v. supr.): Virg. 3. 
colligo, 3: V. TO COLLECT, ACCUMULATE. 
4, coacervo, 1 (to heap together 
accumulate) : Cic. 
—— -house: 





1, borreum : chiefly 
Vv. GRANARY. 
Also for storing other things, Paul. Dig. 
34, 2, 32,9 4 (argentum quod in domo 
vel intra horreum fuit). 2, thésaurus 
Of the 


that universal s. memory, t. rerum om- 
nium memoria, Cic. de Or. 1, 5,18. §., 
apdthéca (s.-room, esp. for wine: a voom 
devoted to this use in the upper part of 
the house): Cic.: Hor. Also in wider 
sense: Cic. Pk. 2, 26, 67: Hor. 4. 
cella (a s. room for keeping provisions, 
oil, wine, etc.)? V. LARDER, PANTRY. 
(Receptaculum = receiring-house : Cic. 
Verr. 5, 23, r. praedae.) 
-keeper: 1. 
establishment, cellarius, promus;: v. 
STEWARD, BUTLER. 2. horrearius 
(superintendent of a granary, store- 
house, or magazine): Lab. Dig. 19, 2, 60, 

! 3, by circum]. qui rem frument- 
ariam custodit ac dispensat: qui com- 
meatuum dispensandorum curam habet, 
etc. 


in a domestic 





-room: cella, Apothéca: v. s.- 
HOUSE (3, 4). 

storey: 1, tabilatum: a tower 
of four s.s, quatuor t. turris, Caes. B. G. 
6, 29: Virg. 9. tabilatio: Vitr. 

stork; cicénia: Cic.: Plin. 

storm: |. Of the elements: also 
by anal. of any wiolent commotion or 
outbreak : 1, tempestas (gen. term)s 
he encountered so terrible a storm as. ., 
mn) adeo atrox adorta tempestas est 
o-., Liv. 21, 58: a violent thunderstorm 
suddenly burst forth, subito (est) coorta 
t. cum magno frigore tonitribusque, id. 
1, 16: Cic.: v. TEMPEST. Fig : s. of 
unpepularity, t. invidiae, Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 
22: a s. of complaints, t. querelarum, 





id Pis. 36, 89. Join: tempestates et 
prucellae {rerum}, id. Mil. 2, 5. 2. 
procella (of a sudden and violent kind) : 
v. squaLL. Also used fig., esp. in pl.: 
ss of sedition, seditionum procellae, 
Liv. 28, 25: Cic. 3, biems, mis, f 
(poet.) boisterous s. on the deep, aspera 
h. ponti, Virg. Aen. 2, 110 Hor. Fig. 
8. of war, b. rerum, Claud. Phr. @ s. 
of rain, imber (maximus, densissimus) 
and more expressively, nimborum vis 
effusa, Sen. N. Q. 6, 1, 6(v RAIN): 5.8 of 
thunder and rain suddenly break forth, 
imbres et tonitrua derepente exsistere, 
Gell Io, 12. || Assault of a fortified 
place: esp. in pbr to take by s.: expug- 
no, 1; more fully, per vim ex., Caes, 
B.C. 3, 55 armis ex., Sall. Jug. 23: 
also, vi capere, Liv 10,9: v. TO ATTACK, 
BESIEGE. 
storm (v.): |. Toattack a fortified 
, and usu. to capture it: oppugno, 
I (to assault, with or without effect): 
expugno, I vi capio, 3: v. preced. art. 
(IL). See also TO ATTACK, BESIEGE, 
Il, Zo rage violently: saevio, dé- 
saevio, 4 (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 14, tragica 
desaevit et ampullatur in arte, ss and 
mouths...): also perh. delitigare (ef. id. 
A. P. 94, iratusque Chremes tumido deli- 
tigat ore): v TO RAGE. To s. at any 
one, aliquem vehementer insectari, Cic. 
Am. 16,57  maledictis insectari, id. Fin. 
2 25, 80. 

stormer: expugnator . Cic.: Plin. 

stormily : chiefly in fig. sense, tur- 
bilenté and -ter, turbidé, timultudsé ; 
Vv RIOTOUSLY, TURBULENTLY. Hibernum 
occurs in this sense, Pl. Rud. prol. 69. 

storming (subs.): of a city, ex- 
pugnatio Caes. Suet. 

— -party: *milites ad urbem (op- 
pidum) impetu oppugnandam delecti: 
delecti qui urbem aggrediantur, qui ur- 
bis muros scalis aggrediantur: qui per 
ruinas tormentis effectas urbem aggredi- 
antur, impetu oppugnent : v. TO ATTACK, 
STORM. 

stormy: |. Lit.: 1, turbidus: 
after so s.a day, ex tam t. die (opp. 
serena et tranquilla lux), Liv. 1, 16: 
encountering s. weather, nactus t. tem- 
pestatem, Caes. B. C. 2, 22: Lucr. 9. 
turbilentus: a violent, s. tempest, magna 
t.que tempestas, Cic. Verr. 5, 10, 26: Pl. 

8. précellésus (abounding in sud- 
den storms): a s. spring, ver p., Liv. 40, 
2, init.: s. state of the atmosphere, p. 
status coeli, Col. 9, 4, init.: Ov. 4, 
tiimultudsus (in this sense, poet.)  s. 
sea, t. mare, Hor. Od. 3, 1, 26. 5. 
poet. hibernus: the s. sea, h. mare, Ov. 
Epod. 15, 8: Virg. 6. expr. by cir- 
cuml. : tempestatibus crebrum [coelum } 
creber procellis [Africus}, Virg. Aen. 1, 
85. the weather was foul and s., coelum 
crebris imbribus ac tempestatibus foe- 
dum, cf. Tac. Agr 12. ll. Fig. 
uproarious : turbulentus, tiimultudsus, 
seditionibus vexatus (agitatus) v_ RIOT- 
QUS, TURBULENT, BOISTEROUS. 

story: |. A tale 1, fabila 
(gen. term. but always carrying with 
it the notion of fiction): Cic. Liv.: 
Lor v FABLE. TALE. Dimin. fabella 
(a short s.): trifling fictitious s.s, com- 
menticiae fabellae, Cic. Div 2, 38, 80. 

9. narratio, narratiuncila v NaAR- 
RATIVE. 38, often expr. by res (fact): 
so to tell one’s s. that the narrative may 
be credible, rem pnarrare ita ut verisimi- 
lis narratio sit, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80. 
Phr fo relate strange s.s, miracula, 
monstra, portenta narrare, nuntiare : 
v MARVEL, WONDER. Il. History - 
histéria. v HIsToRY. Il]. A false- 
dood: mendacium v. LIE. Sl 
division of a building. tabilatum ~ v. 
STOREY 

— -telier. |. Narrator: nar- 
rator Cic. A charming s., *in narra- 
tionibus dulcis I]. Liar. mendax 
Vv. LIAB. 

stout: corpiilentus: v. CORPULENT, 
FaT. Phr_ to become s., corpus facere, 
Cels. 7 3, fin.: Phaedr (opp. to corpus 
am:ttere, fo lose flesh, grow thin). ‘or 
B in fig sense, Vv BRAVE, RESOLUTE. 


S8TRAIGHTWAY 


stout-hearted : qui firmo pectore 
est, fidens animi, impavidus, intrépidus, 
etc. : V, RESOLUTE, DARING. 

stoutly: Phr.- to resist s., acriter 
(with spirit) resistere, Caes. B. G. 7, 62: 
fortiter resistere (V BRAVELY): to deny 
s., pernegare, Cic. Coel. 27, 65 strength- 
ened, pernegare atque obdurare, Pl. As. 
2, 2,56 V. FIRMLY, OBSTINATELY, 


stoutmess: expr by corpus: v 
STOUT, also CORPULENCE. 
stove: fdcus, caminus (nearest 


terms)* V. FIRE-PLACE. 

stow < répono, condo, récondo: v. To 
STORE, PLACE. Also, Snéro, 1 (poet.): 
Virg. Aen. 1, 195 (0. vina cadis), 

stowage: esp. in phr. s.-room, 
*locus ad res reponendas, ubi res re- 
ponantur: v. TO stow. 

strabism ‘strabismus as med. ?.f. 

straddle: varico, 1 Quint. 11, 3, 
125. (Divarico, in Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86, 
is trans.: the pass., however, will serve: 
to s. right across the way, cruribus di- 
varicatis super viam insistere, stare.) 

straddling (adj.): varicus: Ov. 
A. A. 3, 304: also, varicatus (gressus), 
Cassiod.: and divaricatus v. preced. 
art. 

straggle: palor, 1 (to wander at 
large): they s. over the country, vagi 
per agros palantur, Liv 5,44° and with- 
out vagus, id. 27,47. Tac, Also vagor, 
1: and pass. refl. of spargo, dispergo, 
may sometimes serve: these latter esp. 
in p. part. sparsus, dispersus (8.1ng): Vv. 
TO WANDER, DISPERSE. 

straggler: expr. by pres. or perf. p. 
of palor, 1 (cf. L. G. § 638) Liv. ie 
freq. uses p. part. palatus)- Tac. to 
collect the s.s after defeat, palatos ex fug; 
contrahere, Liv. 8, 24, med. See also 
preced. art. fin. 

straight (a4j.): 1, rectus: a s. 
line, r. linea, Cues. B. G. 7, 23: Lucr.- 
opp. curvus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44. 2. 
directns a@ simple and s. passage, iter 
simplex et d., Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 144 (opp. 
flexuosum): Ov M. 1, 98 (opp. flexus): 
in a s. line, in directo (sc. itinere), Varr. 
To arrange in a s. line, dirigere (ad per- 
pendiculum), Caes. B, G. 4, 17: also 
absol., to arrange ships in a s, line, 
naves d, (ante portum), Liv. 37, 31. 

straight (adv.): 1, recta: his 
course was s. for Rome, sibi r. iter esse 
Romam, Cic. Verr. 5, 61, extr.: Hor. 
(Less freq. recta via PI.) 2. recto 
itinere. they march straight for the 
Tberus, recto ad Iberum i. contendunt, 


Caes. B. C. 1,69. (Recto, absol., v_ late, 
and not to be imitated.) : 
straighten: ], corrigo, rexi, 


ctum, 3: to s. crooked things (prov.), 
curva c., Plin. Ep. 5, 21,6° Macr. S. 2, 
4 (where it is used of sing a hwmp- 
backed person): Plin. alt. 2. expr. 
by circuml. with rectus, directus, and a 
verb: tos. a crooked path, semitam tor- 
tuosam rectam (directam) facere ad 
rectum cursum redigere. (Erigo, to set 
up straight, in an erect position.) 
straightforward (adj.) : i: 
simplex, {cis (of persons without du- 
plicity): more fully, apertus et simplex, 
Cic. Rep. 3, 16: Liv. : v. FRANK, SIMPLE. 
2. apertus (open, frank, candid): 
esp. in conjunction with simplex’ v. 
supr. 8, directus (not using circum, 
to the point): a s. question, d. percunc- 
tatio, Liv 21, 19. a strict and s. old 
man, tristis ac d. senex, Cic. Coel. 16, 
38. Join- (via) aperta et simplex et 
directa, id. Fin. 1, 18, init. 
straightforward (adv.): 1, 
recta recto itinere v STRAIGHT (adv.). 
Q, protinus (right on ahead: 
whereas recta means simply in a 
straight line): to go s., pergere p., Cic. 
Div. 1, 24, 49 (rare in this sense). See 
also FORWARD. 
straightforwardness simplicitas, 
ingénium simplex atque apertum, etc. : 
V FRANENESS, SIMPLICITY, CANDOUR. 
straightness. rectitudo. Aggen. 
in Front. p. 46, Goes. 
straightway: statim etc. v m- 
MEDIATELY. 
3F 








strain (v.): A. Tlrans.: L 
To stretch : contendo, intendo, tendo, 3: 
V.TOSTRETCH. Phr.: tos. every nerve, 
omnes nervos foctens industriaeque] 
contendere, Cic, Verr. Act. 1, 12, 35° 80, 
nervos intendere, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20 
manibus pedibusque obnixe facere om- 
nia, id. Andr. 1, 1, 134: less fig., summa 
ope eniti, Sall. Cat. init.: toto pectore 
incumbere ad Jaudem, Cic. Fam. 10, 10: 
to s. the eyes, oculis quantum maximum 
potest fieri contendere, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 
28; *aciem oculorum in aliquam rem 
summa contentione dirigere. ll. To 
injure by over-ezertion: Phr.: to s. 
the voice, *vocis nimia contentione uti: 
vocem nimia virlum contentione fran- 
gere, debilitare. lil. To overdo a 
thing: chiefly in p. part.: v. STRAINED 

IV. To purify by means of a 


strainer : 1. cdlo, 1. tos. honey, met 
c., Col. 12,11 Plin. Comp. percdlo, 1: 
Cato. Plin. Q, liquo,1: tos.(clarify) 


wine, vina L, Hor. Od. 1, 11,6: @ bag 
Sor s.ing wine, saccus quo vinum liqua- 
tur, Col. Comp. déliquo, 1 (to s. off, into 
another vessel): Varr. . Cels.: Col : 
To injure a joint by a sudden wrench : 
intorqueo, 2: v. TO SPRAIN. B, [n- 
trans.: nitor, nixor; or expr. by in- 
tendo, contendo, with pron. refl. or equiv. 
obj.: ¢.g. sese intendere: vires (nervos 
suos) contendere, etc.: v supr. (1). 

strain: F |]. Act 

Sninties: (subs): Lo stretch- 
ing or exerting: contentio (¢. g. vocis, 
lateris, animi, etc.) v. EXERTION, EF- 
FORT. Il. Injury done by over-exer- 
tion: expr. by verb: v. TO STRAm 
(A,, IL.). Il. Of muste or poetry: 

1. médus (esp. in pl.): plaintive 
s.s, flebiles m., Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106: Ov. 
2, cantus, fis: inspire me with 

mournful s.s, praecipe lugubres c., Hor. 
: V. BONG. IV. Style, 
: tn this s., hujusmodi, 
ad hunc modum: vy. EFFect (I1I.). 

strained (part. adj.): arcessitus, 
longe petitus: V FAR-FETCHED. 

strainer; colum: Virg. Col. To 
pass through a s., percolare: v. TO 
sTRarIN (A., IV.). 

straining (subs.): v. sTRAIN (subs.). 
Phr.: there must be no s. after effect, 
*cavendum est ne quid arcessitum 
affectatumve adbibeatur. 

strait (adj.): angustus, etc.: v. NAR- 


ROW. 

strait (subs.): |, Difficulty: L 
angustiae, arum_ (o be put into great 8s 
(perplezity), in summas a. adduci, Cic. 
Quint. 5: in these s.s, quum in his a res 
esset, Caes. B.C. 1, 54. Also neut. adj. 
angustum may be used in angustum 
cogi, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2. Caes. (not, 
however, as subject of sentence). i 
expr. by haereo, si, sum, 2 (to stick fast, 
be in s.s): he is in s.s (can’t get on), 
haeret in salebra, Cic. Fin. 5, 28,84 and 
absol., id. Ph. 2, 29, 74- ||. 4 narrow 
part of the sea: 1. frétum the 
Sicilian s., (S. of Messina), f. Siciliense, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 24. the s.s of Gibraltar, 
(in Roman phrase), f nostri maris et 
Oceani, Sall. Jug. 17. 9, angustiae, 
arum (any narrow place on land or sea) : 
ef. angustiae Hellesponti, Suet. Caes. 63 
and, a. fretorum, Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19 

—  -laced: perb. tetricus. cf. Mart. 
12, 10, 4 (t. et asper censor udorum) 
Liv. 1, 18 ‘t. et tristis disciplina Sabin- 
orum). 

—— -waistcoat: use vinciila, ma- 
nicae, compédes v. FETTER. To put 
any one in a S., constringere aliquem, 
Cic. Ph. 2, 38, 97 (R. and A.). 

straiten: expr by angustiae, and a 
verb e.g (aliquem) in angustias ad- 
ducere, cogere Vv. STRAIT, subs. (1.). 

straitly : Vv. CLOSELY, NARROWLY, 
PRECISELY. 

strand (subs.): Titus, acta. v SHORE, 

strand (v.): expr. by navem im- 
Pingere, in litus ejicere. Vv. TO RUN a- 
GROUND. 


strange (adj.): |. Foreign - ex- 

ternus, péregrinus: V. FOREIGN. IL 

Not related by family: |], extraneus 
801 


STRANGE 





chiefly as subs.: Vv. STRANGER. OA 
extrarius (rare and often represented by 
extraneus, as v. l.: but extrarius ap- 

rs to be more vague than extraneus, 
and to denote simply what is from out- 
side, not belonging to the house: qui ab 
extra est non domesticus: cf. Suet. Vesp 
5, canis extrarius e trivio, a s. dog from 
the streets, where extraneus would be 
out of place) v. STRANGER. il. G- 
acquainted with any subject ; ridis, 


etc.: v. STRANGER (IV). IV. Un- 
usual, extraordinary: ], mirus, 
mirabilis: Vv WONDERFUL. A Ss, inci- 


dent or phenomenon : miractilum Caes. : 
Liv. 9. insdlitus, Inisitatus~ v. UN- 
USUAL. 3. novus (novel and strik- 
tng): s.and as it were diabolical ap- 
pearance, n. ac velut infernus aspectus, 
Tac. Ger. 43. s. portents, n. monstra, 
Hor. Od. 1, 2, 6. 

strange, as exclam.: mirabile dictu ! 
Virg. conversation, perh. papae 
(Gr. mamat): Pl.: Ter. (a general ex- 
clam. of surprise). 


strangely: i.e. in an extraordinary | 


manner : mirabiliter: he is s. 
constituted (is @ strange person), m. 
moratus est, Cic, Att. 2, 25: Nep. 
expr. by circuml.. mirum in modum, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 41: miris modis, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 738. See also WONDERFULLY, 
REMARKABLY, UNUSUALLY. 

strangeness: _ 1. insdlentia (un- 
usualness): s. of diction, i. orationis, 
Cic. Br. 82, 284. 2. novitas: v. NO- 
VELTY. 
was as. about his manners, as if he were 
not quite himself, *mores ejus inusitati 
aliquid habebant, tanquam qui mentis 
non bene sanae esset: s. of scene, *uova 
inusitataque omnia: v.STRANGE. When 
= distance of manner, frigus~ Hor. S. 
2, I, 62: Sen. 

stranger: |. Lit.: a@ person 
from another country or neighbourhood : 

1. hospes, itis, m. : fem. hospita (Gr. 

févos): to take s.s home, hospites de- 
ducere, Cic. Ac. I, 3, 9: in addressing a 
foreigner, stranger! hospes! id. Br. 46, 
172: Vv. FOREIGNER. 2. péregrinus: 
V. FOREIGNER. 3, externus, adj.: but 
used in pl. as subs. (not belonging to the 
household) : hatred of s.s, odium in ex- 
ternos, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158. Il. One 
not of the family: 1, extraneus 
(homo): as subs., chiefly in pl.: ss and 
persons quite unknown, extranei ignoti- 
que, Tac. Agr. 43: Suet. 
rius (for syn. v. STRANGE, II.): like pre- 
ced. strictly adj.: to offer anything to a 
s., aliquid alicui ferre extrario, ‘ler, Ph. 
4,1,13. [|]. A person quite unknown : 

hr.. @ perfect s., omnino ignotus: ef. 
supr. (IL.). IV, Fig.: ignorant of, 
hospes, péregrinus : and without a figure, 
Tuldis, ignarus, Inexpertus: cf. Cic. C. 
Rab. 10, 28, adeone hospes hujusce urbis, 
adeone ignarus disciplinae...? and id. 
de Or. 1, 50, 218, nec peregrinus atque 
hospes in agendo: see also uNac- 
QUAINTED, IGNORANT. 

strang'e: 1. strangiilo, 1 (to 
suffocate in any way): Coel. in Cic. 
Fam. 8, 15: with a halter, laqueo s., 
acs AS 6,25 9. élido, si, sum, 3 
to s. snakes, angues e., Virg. Aen. 8, 
289 more precisely, fauces (alicujus) e., 
Ov. M. 12, 143. (Ango, in this sense, 
obsol. or poet.: v. TO THROTTLE.) 3 
expr. by phr., gulam laqueo frangere, 
Sall. Cat. 55: cervicem frangere, Hor. Od. 
2, 13, 6: laqueo aliquem interimere, id. 
S. 2, 3, 131 alicui fauces interprimere, 
PL. Rud. 3, 2, 41; laqueo innectere fau- 
ces, Ov. M. 4, 378 


strangling: \ strangiilatio, 

strangulation ; strangilatus . 
Plin. (Or expr. by verb- v. To 
STRANGLE.) 

strangury. 1, strangiria: Cic. 


Tuse. 2, 19, fin.: Cato written by Cels. 
(2, 1) as GK. ozpayyovpta, and translated, 
difficultas urinae. 2. dystiria (dve- 
ovpta —dysury): Coel. Aur Suf- 
fering from s., strangiridsus Mare. 
Emp. Suffering from the same, dysuri- 
Acus, Firm. Math. 
802 


More treq. expr. by adj.: there | 


2. extra- | 


STREAK 


STRENGTHEN 








strap (subs.): 1, lorum (most 
gen. term): v. THONG. 2. amentum 
(attached to a spear-shaft for throwing 
the same): a letter fastened to the s. of a 
spear, epistola ad a. deligata, Caes. B. G. 
5, 48: for which also, habéna: Lucan. 

strap (v.): loris vincio, constringo, 
coerceo: V. TO BIND. 

strapping (adj.): v. TALL, ROBUST. 

Stratagem: 1. e. a device for deceiv- 
| ing: esp. with a view to military ad- 
vantage : 1. consilium fallax: Liv. 
22, 16, or by circuml., to have recourse 
to a s., *ad fallendos hostes consilium in- 
stituere. _(Consilium imperatorium 
[R. and A.] is too wide a term, includ- 
ing all kinds of strategical movements 
and plans.) 9. often insidiae, arum : 
strictly, an ambuscade: but used also 
in wider sense: cf. Front. Strat. 2, 5, 
* De insidiis,’ 3. dolus (craft, wile): 
| to seek to gain advantage by s. (opp. to 
open valour, virtus), Caes. B. G. 1, 13: 
cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 390 (dolus an virtus, 
quis in hoste requirat). 4, furtum 
(lit. theft; hence, any stealthy proceed- 
ing): tt was an occasion for s not 
(open) war, furto non bello opus esse, 
Curt. 4, 13: s.s, furta bellorum, Front. 
(Q.). 

strategic: 1. impératorius (per- 
taining to a commander-in-chief): s. 
art, ars i., Quint. 2, 17, 34 (in Cic. N. D 
3, 6, 15, the true reading is evidently 
consilium imperatorwm, not imperat- 
orium: so Nobbe). 2. bellicus (re- 
lating to a war): Vv. WARLIKE. Phr.: 
not a retreat but a s. movement, * non 
fuga, sed ducis prudentis consilium. 

strategically: *quod ad belli ra- 
tiones attinet. 

strategist: Phr.: an excellent 
s., *peritus aciei instruendae : artis belli 
(bellicae, imperatoriae) peritus, etc.: 
V. GENERAL. 

strategy: ars imperatoria: (Quint. 2, 
Ghee 

stratification : 
tabulata, orum: vy. STRATUM. 
anal. tabulatio. 

stratified: (part. adj.) : v. foll. art. 

stratify: per tabulata (strata) dis- 
ponere, consternere : v. foll. art. 

stratum: stratum, quod dicunt: 
hoe est quasi tabulatum quoddam: v. 
LAYER. 

straw (subs.): |. Stalk of corn, 
etc., as part of the plant: culmus: v. 
STALK. I]. Stalks of corn, etc., used 
Sor litter, etc. : ], stramentum : cot- 
tages thatched with s., casae stramento 
| tectae, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: Varr. By 
poet. siramen, inis, m.: Virg.: Ov. 

II]. Fig.: for anything valueless : 

Phr.. not to care a s. for anything, 
| aliquid pili, flocci aestimare, facere: v. 
TO VALUE. 

straw (adj.): 1, stramenticius 
| (made of s.): Auct. B. Hisp. 16. 2. 
| stramineus (poet.): Ov. F.5,631. Also 
appy. = thatched with s., id. Am. 2, 9, 
18 


expr. by *strata, 
Cr by 


straw (v.): sterno, spargo. v. TO 
SCATTER, STREW. 

—hberry: frigum. most freq. in 
pl.: Virg. E. 3, 92: Ov.- Plin. S.-tree, 
| arbitus: Hor.: Virg. (A. unedo, Linn.) 
| The fruit of this tree, arbutum, Virg. 
Belonging to this tree, arbuteus: e. g. 
fetus arbuteus (fruit of s. tree): Ov. 
M. 1, 104. 

— -colour: perb. color stramineus: 
qualis stramentorum est. 

—— -cutter: falx stramentaria . 
Cato. 

stray (v.): erro, aberro, 1 
WANDER. 

stray (adj.): errans: also errabun- 
dus, Virg. E. 6, 58 (errabundi vestigia 
bovis): v. WANDERING. Phr. a fews. 
cottages, rara casa (or pl.): v. SCAT- 
TERED. 

streak (subs.): linea diversicolor . 
nota s. macula in longitudinem ducta, 
taeniae foram habens. (Virga is used 
by Sen. N, Q. 1, 9 and Io, of certain 
luminous ss in the sky. v. STRIPE.) 

streak (v.): Phr.: clouds s. the 


| 


Vv. TO 











sky, *nubeculae extenuatae (longae prae+ 


tenuesque tanquam taeniae quaedam) : 


coelum variant. 

streaked: virgatus: v. strirep. 

streaky: perh. virgatus: v. sTRIPED. 

stream (subs.): |, Lit.: 1, 
fliimen, inis, 2. (with special ref. to ¢ 
current): a running s., f. vivum, Virg. 
Aen. 2,719. (Cocytos) meandering with 
sluggish s., f. languido errans, Hor. Od. 
2, 14, 17: down or up the s., secundo fi. 
adverso fl., Caes. B. G. 7, 60: Vv. CURRENT. 

2, fluentum (poet.): usu. pl.: the 

hoarse s.s of Cocytus, rauca Cocyti f., 
Virg. Aen. 6, 327: Lucr. 3. rivus 
(a small s.): Vv. RIVULET. For fltivius, 
amnis, v. RIVER. J, Fig.: of other 
things beside water: flimen. a golden 
S. of speech, orationis aureum f., Cic. Ac. 
2, 38, 119. Phr.: the s. of time, *tem- 
porum s. saeculorum cursus (Vv. COURSE). 
an uninterrupted s. of people, agmen 
perpetuum [hominum], Cic. Pis. 22, 51 
(perh. we might say, tanquam flumen 
quoddam hominum: or expr. by multi- 
tudo quae se fluminis instar effundit). 

stream (v.): expr. by se effundere, 
effundi, etc.: v. TO pour, and foll. artt. 

streamer: |, 4 pennon flowing 
in the wind: *vexillum leve quod vento 
agitatur. ||. Electric: perh. virga; 
cf Sen. N. Q. 1, 9 and fo. 

streamlet: rivus, rivilus: v. RIvu- 
LET. 

street: 1, via (any way or road) : 
v. ROAD. Q, platéa (with houses): 
to live in a certain s., in aliqua p. habi- 
tare, Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 1: clear ss (not 
stopped up by vehicles, etc.), purae p., 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 71: Ter.: Caes. 3. 
vicus (strictly, a quarter or district of 
a city: also used of certain s.s in Rome): 
Wicked S., V. Sceleratus, Liv. 1, 48: 
Ov. 

strength: |, In gen. sense: 

1, vis, vim, vi, pl. vires (Most gen. 

term): great s. and swiftness of horses, 
celeritas et vis equorum, Cic. Div. 1, 70, 
144: but where physical s. is meant, 
often pl.: the s. (physical powers) of a 
youth, a bull, an elephant, vires adoles- 
centis, tauri, elephanti, id. Sen. 9, 27: 
(but, vis corporis, bodily s., Sall. Cat. 
init.): to gather fresh s., sumere vires, 
Hor. Ep. 1,18, 85. Phr.: with all one’s 
s., omnibus viribus: v. MIGHT. De 
firmitas (capacity of resistance : whereas 
vis, vires, denote esp. s. as active) : s. of 
timber, f. materiae, Caes. B. C. 2, 11: s. 
of constitution, f. corporis, Cic. Ph. 2, 
25, 63: s. (unshaken firmness) of mind, 
f. animi, Cic. Sext. 44,95. Join: fir- 
mitas viresque (including all kinds of 
s. and force), id. Am. 1}, 46: firmitas 
et vigor [vocis]}, Gell. 2, 3. 3. firmi- 
tiido (= firmitas): such was the s. of 
the work (a bridge), tanta erat f. pontis, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 17. 4, robur, Oris, . 
(great s., solidity: usu. fig.): greatness 
and s. of a lofty mind, animi excelsi 
magnitudo ac r., Cic. Off. 1,5: to add s. 
(weight) to a canvass, petitioni r. afferre, 
id. Plane. 8,21. §, nervi, orum (sinews: 
by meton.= powers exerted): to put 
forth all one’s s., omnes n. contendere, 
Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 12: V. NERVE (II.). 
Phr.. to have s., valére: to have more 
S., very much s., plus valere, plurimum 
valere (whether in lit. or fig. sense): to 
recover health and s., convalescere (vy. 
TO RECOVER): se confirmare, Cic. Fam. 
16, I: V. STRONG, TO BE. ll. Fig: 
of various qualities having an analogy 
to signification (1.): Phr.: wine of 
(great) s. vinum ingentium virium, 
Cels. 3, 19 vinum validum, Plin. (v 
STRONG): s. of medicine, medicamenti 
vis, virtus (v. EFFICACY): as an attribute 
of style and thought, nervi, Cic. Or. 19, 
62: Hor. II], In milit. lang, expr. 
by quantae, tantae copiae: also by nt- 
mérus, multitido: v. FORCE, NUMBER. 

strengthen: |. Trans.: 1, 
firmo, 1 (to give firmness and solidity 
to): to s, the body by food, corpus cibo f., 
Liv. 24, 13, extr.: Cic.: to s. and in- 
crease ani one’s resources, opes alicujugs 
f. atque augere, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40. As 


ae is 


STRENGTHENER 





milit. term: to s. a place by fortt 
tions, gavrisons, locum munitionibus, 
praesidiis f., Caes.: Sall. Comp. con- 
firmo, 1 (strengthened from simple verb): 
they think the sinews are s’d_ thereby, 
nervos confirmari putant, Caes. B. G. 6, 
21. (For fig. sense, v. TO CORRORORATE.) 
9. roboro, 1 (implying rather more 
than firmo: less freq., and in Cic. only 
fig.): to s. the limbs, artus r., Lucr. 4, 
1038: Plin.: fit education s.s the heart, 
recti cultus pectora r., Hor. Od 4, 4, 34: 
Cic. Strengthened, corrobdro, 1 (more 
freq. than simple verb): to s. soldiers by 
constant toil, milites assiduo labore c., 
Suet. Galb. 6: to s. the stomach, sto- 
machum c., Plin. 20, 23, 99, § 263. 
Join: corroborare et confirmare [in- 
genia], Cic. Am. 20,74. 3, stabilio, 4 
(to render stable ov secure): to 8. the 
laws, leges s., Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 62. 4. 
expr. by circuml.; (0 s. @ conspiracy, 
* vires, (opes) conjurationis augere: to 
s.a state, *civitatem viribus opibusque 
augere; civitatem firmiorem tutiorem- 
que contra hostes reddere: v. TO IN- 
CREASE (I.). II. Int rans.: to be- 
come strong: only in fig. sense: 1k, 
expr. by pass. of verbs under (I.): e. g. 
when the character s.s with (i. e. along 
with) years, corroboratis jam confirma- 
tisque et ingeniis et aetatibus, Cic. Am. 
20, 14. Q. or by inceptive verb: e. g. 
ingravesco, 3: the evil s.s daily, i. in dies 
malum, id. ad Brut. 1, to, 1: ef. ingra- 
vescens morbus, id. Div. 2, 6, 16. Phr.: 
our affections s. by intercourse, volun- 
tates nostrae consuetudine conglutinan- 
tur, cf. Cic. Fam, 11, 27, 2: failings 
which s. with our strength (lit. along 
with us), vitia quae nobiscum creverunt, 
Sen. (Quich.): Fame s.s by advancing, 
F. vires acquirit eundo, Virg. Aen. 4, 
175: v. also TO INCBEASE (II.), STRONG 
TO BECOME Or GROW. 
strengthener: |. Onewho or that 
which strengthens : expr. by qui (quae, 
quod), with verb (v. TO STRENGTHEN, 1.). 
|]. In medicine: * remedium corpori 
reficiendo s. recreandis viribus aptum 
(Georg.): to be a s., *corpori reficiendo 
aptum esse (id.): v. also TONIC. 
strenuous: |. Energetic, active, 
vigorous, q. V.: acer, strenuus, im- 
piger, véhemens. Il. Brave, coura- 
geous, q. v.: fortis, Antmosus. 
strenuously: J. Hnergetically, ac- 
tively, vigorously, q. v.: acriter, strenue, 
impigré, véhémenter. Il. Rravely, 
courageously, q. v.: fortiter, animose. 
Or expr. by adj. (v. STRENUOUS). 
strenuousness : J. Activity : 
gnavitas (or nav-), industria: v. Ac- 
tivity (IIL). Il. Zarnestness, zeal, 
q.v.: stiidium: v. also ENERGY, FIRE 
(VI.). Or expr. by adj. or adv. (v. 
STRENUOUS, STRENUOUSLY). 
stress: |. In mechanics, pressure : 
perh. impétus (pressure of a load), Vitr. 
6, 3, med.: Vv. also PRESSURE (I.). Some- 
times too, vis, pondus, may serve : y. also 
PULL (subs.), STRAIN (subs.), TENSION. 
I]. Fig.: (a.) importance: in phr., 
to lay stress upon: Phr.: not to lay 
much s. upon a matter, aliquid levi mo- 
mento aestimare, Caes. B. G. 7, 39: to 
lay s. upon trifles, nugis addere pondus, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 42: I shall not lay great 
s. upon these points, (haec) haud in 
magno discrimine ponam, Liv. pref. med. 
(b.) pressure (of trying circumstances or 
business). v. pRessURE (IL., IIT.), srrary, 
TENSION, Ul]. 2mphasis, q. v.: vis, 
pondus. IV. In naut. phr., stress of 
weather: intempéries coeli, based on 
Liv. 8, 18, init.: vis tempestatis, based 
on Caes. B. C. 2, 14: status coeli pro- 
cellosus, based on Col. 9, 4, init.: v. also 
STORM, STORMY, WEATHER (subs.). 
stretch, stretch out or forth (v.): 
A, Trans: . In gen. sign. : 
1, tendo, tétendi, tentum and ten- 
sum, 3 (in most senses): to s. a@ bom, 
t. arcum, Virg. Aen. 7, 164 (v. also Bow, 
subs,, I.: To BEND, A., L.): the south 
winds s. (or swell) the sails, t. vela uoti, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 268 (v. also TO DISTEND, 
SWELL). to s. out nets, t. retia, Uy. M. 





STRETCH 


4, 513: cf. t. plagas, Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68: 


Greece s.s out her right hand to Italy Vv. 


(i.e. to render assistance), Graecia t. 
dextram Italiae, id. Phil. 10, 4,9. Esp. 
in sense of s.ing out the hands in sup- 


Caes. B.C. 2, 5: cf. brachia ad coelum t., 


See 


|v 


plication: e. g. manus ad coelum t., | defence of 


Ov. M. 6, 249 (v. also Smith's Lat. Dict. | 


s. v. tendo, A.,1.). 2, intendo, 
and sum, 3: to s. or relax the sinews, 
nervos i. aut remittere, Plin. 26, 10, 62, 
§ 96° tos. out the right hand towards a 


statue, dextram ad statuam i., Cic. Att. p.manu, Virg.G. 4, 230. 


TORVIS 3: 3. contendo, di, tum, 3 
(stronger than preced. : to tighten what 
is already stretched, to strain): 8. (or 
strain) the chains so as to gripe, c. te- 


nacia Vincla, Virg. G. 4, 412: to s. the | 


sides with laughter, ilia risuc., Ov. A. A. 
3, 285. Join: the more forcibly war- 
engines are s.’d, quo sunt contenta (tor- 
menta) atque adducta vehementins, Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 24, 57. Fig.: we must concede 
something, not to s. every point, remitten- 
dum est aliquid, ne omnia contendamus, 
id. Verr. 2, 21,52. 4, prodiico, xi, ctum, 
3 (to elongate) : tos. skins with the teeth, 
pelles dentibus p., Mart. 9, 74; cf. ferrum 
incude p., Juv. 15, 165. 5, extendo, 
di, tum and sum, 3 (to stretch out at full 
length): with thearm s.’d out, e. brachio, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242: cf. crura in longi- 
tudinem e., Plin. 10, 64, 84, § 183. Fig.: 
to s. out a letter, epistolam e., Plin. Ep. 3, 
5: v. also TO HOLD ForTH (A., L., 3), TO 
EXTEND. 6, protendo,di,sum and tum, 
3 (to stretch forth): to s. forth spears, 
hastas p., Virg. Aen. 11, 606: to s. forth 
the arms towards the sea, brachia in 
mare p., Ov. M. 14, 191: snails s.ing 


| forth their horns, cochleae cornua p. 


(opp. contrahentes), Plin. 9, 32, 51, § 101. 

. porrigo, rexi, rectum, 3 (like 
preced.): to s. forth (or out) the limbs, 
membra p. (opp. contrahere), Cic. Div. 1, 
53, 120: tos. forth the arms to heaven, 
brachia coelo p., Ov. M. 1, 767. Also, 
in voting, to s. forth (or hold up) the 
hand, p. manum, Cic. Fl. 6, 15: v. also 
TO HOLD ForTH (A. L., 1). 8, prae- 
tendo, di, tum, 3 (like preced.): he s.s 


forth an olive branch, ramum p. olivae, 


Virg. Aen. 8, 116: ef. cornua p., Plin. 11, 
37, 45, § 126. 9, distendo, di, tum, 3 
(to stretch out in opposite directions) : 
to s. out the arms, brachia d., Ov. M. 4, 
491: v. also TO EXTEND, DISTEND. 10. 
intento, 1 (to stretch out threateningly) : 
Virginius ss out his hands against 
Appius, V.in Appium manus i., Liv. 3, 
47, ad fin.: cf. haec (sica) intentata nobis 
est, Cic. Mil. 14, 37. Phr.: tos. one on 
the rack, aliquem in equuleo imponere, 
etc. (v. RACK, subs., I.): seals s. them- 


selves out on the shore, sternunt se litore | 


phocae, Virg. G. 4, 432: to s. oneself out 
on the grass, abjicere se in herba, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 7,28: v. also TO STRETCH ONESELF. 

Il. To exaggerate: Phr.: tos. facts, 
excedere actae rei modum, Plin.: fo s. 
the truth, egredi veritatem, id.: etc. (v. 
TO EXAGGERATE, Phr.). ||, To stretch 
one’s authority: v. TO TYRANNIZE. 

B. Intrans.: expr. for the most 
part by pass. or reflect. of verbs under 
(A., L.): 1, porrigor, rectus, 3: Rho- 
dope, s.ing to the midst of the polar 
region, (Rhodope) medium porrecta sub 
axem, Virg. G. 3, 351: V. TO EXTEND 
(B., I). 2, extendo, di, tam and sum, 
3 (in pass.): (fire) s.s over the plains, 
extenditur per campos, Virg. Aen. Io, 
407: cf. id. 6, 423. Or with reflect. pron. 
(Vv. TO EXTEND, B, 2). 3. protendor, 
tus, 3: the nation of the Mardi s.s right 
up to the Ractri. protenditur ad Bactros 
usque gens Mardorum, Plin. 6, 16, 18, 
§ 47. 4, tendo tétendi, tentum and 
tensum, 3 (as neutr. or with pron. refl.): 
Mount Taurus sing westward, (mons 
T.) ad occasum tendens, Plin. 5, 27, 27, 
$97: ef. mollis qua tendit Ionia, Prop. 1, 
6, 31: where the vzure tract of ocean s.s 
out, qua se ponti piaga caerula t., Luer. 
5, 481 (482). 5, patesco, ni, 3: the 
plain ss out a little wider, paulo 
latior p. campus, Liv. 22, 4, ad tnit. : 
his sway s.ing more widely, latius 


| 


| praetendo, di, 








| Sen. Q. N. 2, 6, 2: V. TENSION. 





STRICKEN 


imperio, id. 32, 27. jin. 
also TO EXTEND (B.), TO REACH (A,) 
TO SPREAD. 

stretch before or in front: A. 
rans.: ], obtendo, di, tum, 3: in 
the hero to s. a mist in front 
(of him), pro viro nehulam o., Virg. Aen. 
10, 82: a membrane is s.'d before (or in 


patescente 


di, tum | front of ) the eyes, oculis membrana ob- 


tenditur, Plin. 11, 37, 55,9153. 2. 
praetendo, di, tum, 3: 8. the fumes in 


Front (of the hive) with the hand, fumos 


B, Intrans.: 

1, obtendo, di, tum, 3: Britam ss 
in front of Germany, Britannia Ger- 
maniae obtenditur, Tac. Agr. 10. = 
tum, 3: @ vation s.ing 
widely in front of our provinces, gens 
nostris provinciis late praetenta, id. A 
2, 56: cf praetenta Syrtibus arva, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 60. 

— forth: v. To sTReTcu. 

— on or over: int-ndo, di, tum 
and sum, 3: they s. hempen cables on 
(or over) the necl (of the wooden horse), 
stuppea vincula collo i., Virg. Aen. 2, 
237- 
— oneself (= to yawn): pandi- 
culor, 1 (= “toto corpore oscitantem 
extendi,” Fest.): Pl. Men. 5, 2, 80. 

— one’s legs (colloq.): spatior, 
etc.: (Vv. TO WALK). 

— open or wide: pando, and 
compds.: v. TO SPREAD, EXPAND. 

— out: V. TO STRETCH 

stretch (subs.): |. Effort: in- 
tentio, contentio: v. EFFORT, STRALN- 
ING (subs.). ||. Extent (cf. “ grassy 
stretches ofiand,” Blackwood): spatium, 
ambitus (v. EXTENT, SPACE, subs.) : trac- 
tus (v. REACH, subs.). Phr.: at a s. 
he would extemporize a couple of hun- 
dred lines at a s., ducentos versus dic- 
tabat stans pede in uno, Hor. S. 1, 4, 19 
(may also be expr. by, uno tempore, 
simul: v. oncE, II.). [For to keep the 
mind or energies upon the s., V. TO TAX, 
TO TASK. } 

stretcher : |. The person who 
ov thing which stretches: expr. by qui 
(quae, quod), with verb (v. TO STRETCH, 
A.). |]. A plank across a boat, for 
rowers to put their feet against : perh. 
transtillum (a little cross-beam, Vitr. 5, 
12, post init.) may serve: also, “sera 
transversa (Georg.). II]. A litter: no 
precise word: perh. lecticiila, lectica: 
V. BIER, LITTER (subs.). _ 

stretching, stretching out (suls.): 

1, intentio: a s. out of the body, i. 
corporis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20: @ s. out of 
the sinews, i. nervorum, Col. 6, 6, init. : 
Vv. TENSION.  Q, intensio (like preced.): 
3, por- 
rectio, prolatio, etc.: v. EXTENSION. 4, 
projectio (a throwing forwards): @ Ss. 
out of the arm, p. (opp. contractio), Cic. 
Or. 18, 59- 4 

strew (v.): 1, sterno, stravi, stra- 
tum, 3: on strewn sand, strata arena, 
Ov. F. 3, 813: on strewn herbs, stratis 
in herbis, id. M. 7, 254: cf. strata poma 
passim, Virg. E. 7, 54: the storm vill s. 
the shore with useless sea-weed, alga litus 
inutili tempestas s., Hor. Od. 3, 19, 8: 
v. also TO SCATTER. 2. consterno, 
stravi, stratum, 3 (to strew over): caves 
s’d over with so/t foliage, constrati spe- 
cus molli fronde, Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 127: 
cf. c. nidum mollibus plumis, id. 10, 33, 
49, § 92 (v. also Smith’s Lat Dict. s. v.). 
Also of the thing strewed regarded as the 
subject : leaves s. the ground, c. terram 
frondes, Virg. Aen. 4, 444: corm had 
sd all the ways, frumentum vias omnes 
c., Cic. Div. 1, 32, 69. 3, insterno: v. 
TO CAPARISON. 4, Spargo, Sparsi, Spar- 
sum, 3: s. ye the ground with leaves, 
s. humum foliis, Virg. E. 5, 40: Y- also 
TO SCATTER, TO SPRINKLE. 

striated: Vv. FLUTED. 

stricken (more usu -truck Cv. TG 
STRIKE]; but occurring in old Eng. in 
the foll. senses): |. Wounded: sau- 
cius (poet.), vulnératus. I, Advanced 
in age: 1, provectus: he died s. in 
age, provecta aetate mortuus est, based 
on Cic. Tusce. 1, 39, fin. 2. confectus 
803 


STRICKLE 


STRIKE 





(worn out): c. aevo, Virg. Aen. 11, 85: 
cf, c. aetate, Sall. J. 9, fin. 
strickle (an instrument used in 
levelling a measure of corn): hostorium, 
Prisc. p. 688 P. 
strict: |. Careful: 1, diligens, 
ntis: most s. in every duty, omnis officii 
diligentissimus, Cic. Coel. 30, 73: @ 8.er 
observance of ancestral custom, diligen- 
tior ritus patrii custodia, Vell. 1, 4, med. 
9, intentus. to guard one with a 
s.er watch, intentiore custodia aliquem 
asservare, Liv. 39, 19, ad init.: v. also 
STAUNCH, PUNCTILIOUS, SCRUPULOUS, PAR- 
TICULAR (adj.,1I1.). ||, Accurate, q. v. 
Phr.: as. (or powerful) logician, valens 
dialecticus, Cic. Fat. 6, 12: the s. letter 
of the law, summum jus: e. g., I will not 
deal with you according to s. law, non 
agam summo jure tecum, id. Verr. 5, 2, 
4: s. truth, veritas ipsa, id. de Or. 1, 17, 
74: the s. meaning of a word, verbi 
sensus proprius (opp. translatus), Cic. 
(Vv. LITERAL): ef. proprietas (verborum), 
Quint. 8, 2, init. II]. Absolute, real, 
q.v. Phr.: to teli a thing in s. confi- 
dence, aliquid tutis auribus deponere, 
Hor. Od. 1, 27,18: as. duty, perh. offi- 
cium nécessitate quadam delegatum, 
Quint. (v.IMPERATIVE). |Y, Rigorous, 
severe: J, intentus: s. and in the case 
of great offences inexorable, i. et magnis 
delictis inexorabilis, Tac. A. 11, 18, extr. : 
s. discipline, i. discipiina, id. 12, 42, ad 
init. Q. durus: the s. oversight of 
mothers, d. custodia matrum, Hor. Ep. 
Tey DL 8. rigidus: a s. censor, r. 
censor, Ov. A. A. 2, 664: Cato of s. in- 
tegrvity, (Cato) r. innocentiae, Liv. 39, 40, 
ad fin. 4. sévérus: the most s. sect 
(of the Stoics), secta severissima, Quint. 
I, 10, 15: @ particularly s. discipline, 
disciplina maxime s., id. 1, 2, 5: s. laws, 
s. leges, Vell. 1, 6 (V. SEVERE): very S. 
orders, imperia severiora, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
19, 43: very s. judges, severissimi ju- 
dices, id. Verr. Act. 1, 10, 30. 5, per- 
sévérus (very or over-strict) : a rule not 
rigorous nor over-s., imperium non re- 
strictum nec p., Tac. A. 15, 48. 6. 
strictus (rare): s. Catos, s. Catones, 
Manil. 5, 106: as. law, s. lex, Stat. S. 3, 
5, 87: v. also STERN. Phr.: to be as. 
disciplinarian (in the army), disci- 
plinam militarem severe conservare, 
Liv. (Vv. DISCIPLINARIAN) : to exercise s. 
discipline in the conduct of a war, 
severo imperio bellum administrare, id. 
{v. DISCIPLINE). [To be s. with, may be 
expr. by, duritiam, etc. (v. STRICTNESS) 
adhibere (with ad, im, or dat.): or by, 
tractare aliquem dure, etc. (v. STRICTLY). 
For not s., V. INDULGENT, MILD (LIJ.) } 
strictly: |. Carefully: 1, dilig- 
enter: to observe an order very S., prae- 
ceptum diligentissime observare, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 35: v. also PUNCTILIOUSLY, 
SCRUPULOUSLY. 9, restricté: all other 
points I do not so s. determine, cetera 
non tam r. praefinio, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45: 
ef. id. Am. 16, 58. Phr.: to blockade a 
house s. (or with strict guards), acribus 
custodiis sepire domum, Tac. A. 1, 5. 
|. Accurately: q.v. Phr-.: to be 
s. true, habere in se omnes numeros 
veritatis, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23. Esp. s. 
(= in strict sense), of words: proprie 
(v. PROPERLY, I.). I}. Absolutely : 
q.v. Phr.: they took nothing beyond 
what was s. necessary, nihil ultra usum 
necessarium sumebant, Liv. (Quich.). 
IV. Rigorously, rigidly: 1, diré 
(on hard fare): v. RIGOROUSLY. 9, 
diriter (like preced.). to live stingily 
and s., parce ac d. se habere, Ter. Ad. 1, 
1,45. 3, rigidé (tgorously) : to tighten 
more s. military discipline, disciplinam 
militarem rigidiis astringere, Val. Max. 
9, 7,fin.: cf. aliquid r. submovere, Ov. T. 
2, 251. 4. sévéré: to write rather s. 
to some one, ad aliquem severius scribere, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 25: v. also SEVERELY, 
STERNLY. 
strictness: |. Carefulmess: di- 
ligentia; v, CARFFULNEss (II.): v. also 
PUNCTUALITY, PUNCTILIOUSNESS. Il. 
Accuracy: q. Vv. Il. Rigour : i 
diritia ee your old-fashioned s., tua anti- 
4 








qua d., Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 26: s. of rule, 
d. imperii, Tac. H. 1, 23: s. of the laws, 
d. legum (opp. lenitas), Suet. Claud. 14: 
vy. SEVERITY. 2. rigor, Oris, m.; s. of 
discipline, r. disciplinae, ‘lac. H. 1, 83, 
ad jin.: ¥. also SEVERITY. 3. séve- 
ritas, atis, f.: without harshness, yet not 
without s., sine asperitate, nec sine s., 
Vell. 2, 89: the censor’s s., s. censoria, 
Cic. Clu. 46, 129. Or expr. by adj. (v. 
sTRICT): or by adv.: e. g. with the 
greatest s., diligentissime (v. STRICTLY). 
stricture: |. Asceticism : (now 
obsol.: ef. “a man of stricture and firm 
abstinence,” Shakesp.): v. ASCETICISM. 
I]. Censure, blame, q. v.: vitipé- 
ratio, répréhensio. Il]. In medic., a 
morbid contraction: strictira: Coel. 
Aur.: v. also STRANGURY, 
stride (subs.): perh. most exactly 
expr. by *lentus et procerus passus: 
*incessus grandis: or by, gradus with a 
qualifying adj. (v.infr.). Phr.: what 
great s.s you take, ut tu es gradibus 
grandibus, Pl. Epid. 1, 1, 11: to take 
huge s.s, ingentes ferre gradus, Ov. A. A. 


3, 304. [N.B.—Not, pleno gradu incedere 


(R. and A.), which = to advance at full 
speed : nor, magnos facere gradus (ib.), 
since in Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249, facere gra- 
dum = to make a step with an effort 
(of a lame man)}: advancing with 
great s.s, grandia ingrediens, Gell. 9, 11, 
ad med.: cf. grandia incedens, Amm. 
22, 14, post init. {For fig. sense, to male 
s.s in (= to advance): v. TO ADVANCE, 
B., IL.]: v. also srer (swbs.). 

stride (v.) : |. Zo take long steps : 
V. STRIDE (subs.). I]. To stride over : 
varico: to s. over a rampart, (vallum) 
v., Varr. L. L. 5, 24, 34: V. TO STRADDLE, 
BESTRIDE. 

strife: |. An intellectual contest 
(a sense now almost obsol.. ef. “ Doting 
about questions and strifes of words,” 
1 Tim. vi. 4): 1, His, litis, # (in pl. 
in this sense): (of philosophers) to wear 
out their life in s.s, aetatem in litibus 
conterere, Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53. a 
pugna: what a s. amongst the most 
learned men, quanta p. est doctissi- 
morum hominum, id. Div. 2, 51, 105: 
the s. of forensic contests, forensium 
certaminum p., Quint. 5, 12, extr.: v. 
also CONTROVERSY, CONTENTION, CONTEST. 

I]. 4n angry dispute, a quarrel: 

jurgium (Vv. QUARREL, swbs.): rixa (Vv. 
BRAWL, FRAY): discordia (v. DISCORD, 
II., DISAGREEMENT). Hsp. Fig.: of the 
elements : 1, pugna: the s. of the 
universe with itself, rerum naturae p. 
secum, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102. 2. dis- 
cordia: the s. of the sea, d. ponti, Lucan 
5, 646: the s. of primary elements, d. 
principiorum, Lucr. 5, 441. 3. proe- 
lium: s.s of winds, ventorum proelia, 
Virg. G.1, 318. Phr.: tocause s.among, 
serere causam discordiarum inter (with 
occ. : V. DISCORD, II.): injicere certamen 
(with dat.), Liv. 34, 4, post med.: rixam 
ciere, Vell. 1,2, med.: lo be at s., certo, 1: 
e.g., so that expediency is at s. with 
moral rectitude, ut utilitas cum ho- 
nestate certet, Cic. Part. Or. 25, 89: to 
allay s., discordias sedare s. componere, 
Cic.: Tac. (v. TO ALLAY): to cease from 
s. (May be expr. by) desisto, absisto, de- 
sino, etc. (v. TO DESIST, CEASE), with abl. 
of subs. (with or without prep.): e. g., 
desistere de contentione, Nep. Tim. 2: 
or by such verbs foli. by inf. of verbs 
signifying to dispute, contend, quarrel, 

Vv. 


strifeful: v. CONTENTIOUS, PUGNA- 
cious. 

strigil (a scraper, of horn or metal, 
used by bathers for scraping the skin) : 
strigilis, is, f.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v., 
and Dict. Ant. p. 192. 
_ strike (v.): A. Trans: {f, To 
hit forcibly : 1, fério, 4: tos. a wall 
with battering-rams, murum arietibus f., 
Sall. J.76: boxers s.an opponent, pugiles 
f. adversarium, Cic. ‘usc. 2, 23, 56: the 
lightnings the mountain-tops, f. sum- 
mos fulgura montes, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 11. 
Fig.: it happened that I was struck 
with a similar blow, accidit ut ictu simili 





STRIKE 


(i. e., morte propinqui) ferirer, Quint. 6, 
praef. § 3: to s. the ear (of sonnd), 
aurem f., id. 8, 5, 13. 2. perciitio, 
cussi, cussum, 3 (stronger than preced. . 
prop. to strike through and through): 
struck with a sword, gladio percussus, 
Cic. Mil. 24, 65 (v. also TO STAB, THRUST 
THROUGH). But also less strongly: as 
if a stone should s. a stone, ceu lapidem 
si p. lapis, Lucr. 6, 162 (160): objects 
struck by lightning, res de caelo per- 
cussae, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19: colour struck 
by the light glistens, color percussus lice 
refulget, Lucr. 2,799. Fig.: struck by 
a wound from fortune, percussus for- 
tunae vulnere, Cic. Acad. 1, 3, 11: cf. 
percussus (v. /. perculsus) calamitate, id. 
Mur. 24: ears struck by the voice, auri- 
culae voce percussae, Prop. 1, 16 (17), 28. 

3, ico, ici, ictum, 3: struck with a 
stone, lapide ictus, Caes. B. C. 3, 22: 
struck by lightning, e coelo ictus, Cic. 
Div. 1, 10, 16: ef. fulmine icitur, Plin. 
15, 30, 40, § 134: tactus de coelo, Liv. 
25, 7, med.: Cic.: Virg. 4, caedo, 
cécidi, caesum, 3: to s. a stone with iron, 
lapidem ferro c., Lucr. 6, 314 (312): to 
s. with blows, fists, verberibus, pugnis c., 
Plaut. 5, pulso, 1: v. TO KNOCK, TO 
BEAT. Cf. caedo, concido, mulco, ver- 
béro, vaptlo, tundo, plango (v. TO BEAT : 
FIST); offendo (v. TO KNOCK AGAINST); 
v. also TO HIT, TO SMACK (A. II.), TO 
SLAP. 6. percello, ciili, culsum, 3: 
Postumius struck the fetial’s thigh with 
his Ienee, fetiali P. genu femur perculit, 
Liv. 9, 10, extr.: cf. p. aliquem cuspide, 
Ov. Am.2,9,7. ‘7%, illido, si, sum, 3: 
he struck the cestus into the bones, cestus 
illisit in ossa, Virg. Aen. 5, 480. ' 
batuo (batt-), ui, 3 (rare and colloq.): 
to s. one’s face, b. os alicui, Pl. Cas. 2, 8, 
60. Phr.: tos. blows, intendere ictus, 
Tac. A. 16, 9: without s.ing a blow, sine 
certamine, sine ulla dimicatione, Liv. 
(Quich.). I]. Zo play a musical in- 
strument: J, pulso, 1: tos. the strings 
with the fingers, and an ivory plectrum, 
chordas digitis et pectine eburno p., 
Virg. Aen. 6,647. 2, _perciitio, cussi, 
cussum, 3: to s. the lyre, p. lyram, Ov. 
Am. 3, 12, 40. 8. impelio, pili, pul- 
sum, 3: to s. the sounding chords with 
the thumb, vocales i. pollice chordas, 
Tib: 25553: 4. pello, péptli, pulsum, 
3: the strings (of the lyre) struck, 
(nervi) pulsi, Cic. Brut. 54, 199: ef. lyra 
pulsa manu, Ov. M. to, 205. Fig.: 
you have struck the chord of a long dis- 
cussion, longi sermonis initium pepu- 


listi, Cic. Brut. 87, 297. 5, tango, 
létigi, tactum, 3: to s. the chords, t. 
chordas, Ov. R. Am. 336. 6. quatio, 


no perf., quassum, 3: to s. the cymbals, 
cymbala q., Virg. G. 4, 64. 7, tendo, 
tétendi, tensum and tentum, 3 (rare). 
(Polyhymnia) refuses to s. the lyre, 
refugit t. barbiton, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 34. 
8. incrépo, ui, itum, 1: tos. the lyre 
with the fingers, i. digitis lyram, Ov. H. 
3, 118. II]. Zo stamp, coin (money) 
perciitio, cussi, cussum, 3 (rare in this 
sense): so that he struck a silver coin 
with the impression of the constellation 
Capricorn, (ut) nhumum argenteum nota 
sideris Capricorni percusserit, Suet, Aug. 
94, extr.: cf. cudo, signo, fério: 7. TO 
COIN. IV. To besprinkle (now obsol. : 
ef. “They shall take of the blood, and 
strike it on the two side-posts,”” Ex. xii. 
5): conspergo, etc. (Vv. TO BESPRINKLE). 
V. Of plants: to strike root, radices 
agere, etc.(v.TO ROOT). YI, Ingames: 
to strike a ball: perh, pilam remittere, 
Sen. Ben. 2, 32, init.: pilam expulsare, 
Mart. 14, 46: pila expulsim ludere, 
Varr. in Non. 104, 29. Vil. Zo strike 
jire (e. g. out of a flint): v. TO STRIKE 
our. VII|. To stvike a measure: 
*hostorio modium aequare (Georg.). 
IX. Of a clock: to strike the hour: 
the clock is s.ing the hour (or simply, 
is striking), *horologium indicat horam 
(Georg.). \, Tolet down, lower: tos. 
the yards, antennas demittere, based on 
Ov. Tr. 3, 4,9: to s. the tents, taberna- 
cula detendere, Caes. B.C. 3, 85: Liv 
41, 3, init.: to s. sail, vela subducere. 





STRIKE 


STRIKE TOGETHER 


STRING 





Anct. B. Alex. 45: to s. a flag, *de- 
mittere s. deducere vexillum s. vexillum 
navale. XI. Fig.: to afflict sud- 
denly: Phr.: some are suddenly struck 
blind, quidam subito occaecati sunt, 
Cels. 6, 6, 37: cf. aspectum amittere, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73: struck blind and 
deaf, oculis et auribus captus, id. ib. 5, 
4°, 117: cf. captus luminibus, Liv. 9, 
29: extr.: he was struck dumb, *defecit 
ei linguae usus: *vocis usus (repente) 
interemptus est: he was struck speech- 
less (i. e. was silent), mutus illico (erat), 
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 27: suddenly the most 
talkative fellow was struck dumb, re- 
pente homo loquacissimus obmutuit 
(perf. of obmutesco), Cic. Flac. 20, 48: 
ef. Virg. Aen. 4, 279: grief s.s dumb, 
dolor includit vocem, Cic, Rab. Post. 17, 
48: struck dead, correptus morte su- 
bita, Curt. Quich.): Remus was strucle 
in a crowd, in turba ictus R. ce- 
cidit, Liv. 1, 7, ad init.: s. (dead) by 
lightning (may be expr. by), tactus de 
coelo, percussus de coelo, e coelo ictus 
(v. supr., L). XII. Fig.: to affect 
(a.) the senses : 1. fério, 4: bodies 
such as s. the eyes and provoke vision, 
corpora quae feriant oculos visumque 
lacessant, Lucr. 6, 924: cf. his spectris 
etiamsi oculi possent feriri, animus qui 
possit (sc. feriri) non video, Cic. Fam. 15, 
x6: 2. 2. incurro, curri (ciicurri), 
cursum, 3: to s. the eyes, in oculos i, 
id. Att. 12, 21,5: cf. id quod oculis in- 
currit, Sen. Ben. 1, 5. 8, incurso, 1: 
those things which s. the eyes or ears, 
ea quae oculis vel auribus i., Quint. 10, 
3, 28. May also be expr. by, ante 
oculos s. in oculis esse, Cic. 4, accido, 
di, 3: the sound of the voice s.s the ears, 
vocis sonitus aures a., Pl. Stich. 1, 2, 
31: V.TO REACH, B.(11.). 5, impello, 
puli, pulsum, 3: the lamentations of 
Aristaeus struck his mother’s ears, ma- 
ternas tmpulit aures luctus Aristaei, 
Virg. G. 4, 349: to s. the senses, sensus 
i, Lucr. 304 (297). (0.) the mind: to 
impress strongly: 1, fério,4: maxims 
s. (i. e. impress strongly) the mind, f. 
animum (sententiae), Quint. 12, Io, 48. 
9. perciitio, cussi, cussum, 3: what- 
ever has struck our minds with credi- 
bility, quodcunque nostros animos pro- 
babilitate percussit, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33: 
tt struck me (i. e. made me suspicious), 
percussit animum, id. Att. 4, 8 (b.), 3: 
struck (or shocked) by the extreme harsh- 
ness of the letter, percussus atrocissimis 
litteris, id. Fam. 9, 25, 3. Phr.: struck 
with surprise, admiratione obstupefacti, 
id. Deiot. 12, 34 (v. also ASTONISHED TO 
BE, ASTOUNDED TO BE, To ROOT, II.): 
(thunder-)struck (Fig.), attonitus (v. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.): the state struck 
with a kind of fear, timore quodam per- 
culsa civitas, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 3, 2. 
all are struck with terror, terror omni- 
bus intentatur, Tac. A. 3, 28: to s. with 
terror, terrorem admovere, Liv. 6, Io, 
ad med.: beauty s.s us, movet oculos 
pulchritudo, Cic. Off. 1, 28,98: the beauty 
of expediency struck him, species utili- 
tatis pepulit eum, id. ib. 3, 10, 41: cf. 
acriter mentem sensumque pellere, id. 
Acad. 2, 20, 66: v. TO AFFECT (I.), To 
mpress (ILL.): Jam struck at the man’s 
negligence, hominis negligentiam miror, 
Cic.(v. TO WONDER). Note.—In a more 
modified sense, to strike one = to occur 
to one, and may be expr. by, venit in 
mentem, ete. (v. ro occur, III.). XXII. 
In accounts, to strike a balance, consi- 
lido, dispungo (cf. dispwngere est con- 
ferre accepta et data, Ulp. Dig. 50, 16, 
56): v. TO BALANCE (II11.). JV. Zo 
strike a bargain: paciscor, etc.: v. 
BARGAIN (v. aud subs.). Phr.: we have 
struck a bargain about the price, de 
pretio inter nos convenit (Quich.): v. 
also TO CONCLUDE (V.), TO CLOSE (A.,, 
i... Phr.). B, Intrans.: |, Ofa 
ship, to run aground : offendo, di, sum, 
3: the ship s.s on the rocks, puppis o. in 
scopulis, based on Ov. Pont. 4, 14, 22. 
Phr.: the ship struck upon the rocks, 
(ad scopulos) afflicta est navis, based on 
Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 25: the stern struck 





on the shallows, puppis inflicta est vadis, 
based on Virg. Aen. 10, 303: v. also 
AGROUND. I]. Of a clock, to strike: 
the clock s.s, *horologium sonat (Georg.). 
UI]. Zo cease working : perh. *opere 
faciendo cessare et mercedem majorem 
flagitare. 
strike again: répéto, 3: the watch- 
word of all was “ Strike again,” signum 
erat omnium, Repete, Suet. Cal. 58: cf. 
Liv. 4, 19, med.: v. also TO REDOUBLE. 
—againstoron: A, Trans: 
1, incitio, cussi, cussum, 3: to s. a 
staff on one’s head, scipionem in caput 
alicujus i., based on Liv. 5, 41, fin.: tos. 
the foot on the ground, i. pedem terrae, 
Quint. 2, 12, 10. Q. offendo, di, sum, 3: 
to s. the tooth against something hard, 
solido (dentem) o., Hor. S. 2, 1, 78. 
3. illido, si, sum, 3: to s. one’s head 
against the doors, caput foribus i., Suet. 
Aug. 23 (of an intentional act: cf. im- 
pingere se in columnas, Sen. de Ira, 1, 
16, post med.) : v. also TO DASH AGAINST 
(1.), TO DRIVE AGAINST. 4, pulso, 1 
(poet.: to strike against = to touch) : 
he himself is lofty, and s.s against the 
stars on high, ipse arduus altaque p. 


sidera, Virg. Aen. 3, 619: cf. qui vertice | 


nubila pulset, Val. Fl. 4, 149. B. 
Intrans.: J, expr. by pass. of verbs 
given under (A.): e. g. prows kept s.ing 
against sterns, incutiebantur puppibus 
prorae, Curt. 9,9, ad med. Q, offendo: 
V. TO STRIKE (B.), TO STUMBLE. 8, in- 
curro: v. TO FALL FOUL OF: Vv, also TO 
DASH AGAInsT (II). 

— at: Vv. TO ATTACK, AIM. 

— at the root (Fig.): subverto, 
éverto, perverto: v. TO OVERTHROW (I1.). 

—pback: |. Zo veturna blow: 
référio, 4: by s.ing back you will give 
cause for sing often, referiendo occa- 
sionem saepius feriendi dabis, Sen. de Ira, 
2, 34, fin.: v. also REVENGE, TO TAKE 
(ON), REVENGE (subs.). Il. To reflect, 
q. V.: réperciitio, etc. 

— down or to the ground: 

1. affligo, ixi, ictum, 3: J will s. 
you to the ground, te ad terrama_ Pl. 
Pers. 5, 2, 15. Join: an eagle struck 
to the ground two ravens, aquila duos 
corvos afflixit et ad terram dedit, Suet. 
Ang. 96, init. 2. prémo, pressi, 
pressum, 3: three slaves he s.s down, 
tres famulos p., Virg. Aen. 9, 329: ef. 
Tac. H. 4, 2, ad fin.: v. also TO BEAT 
DOWN, DASH DOWN, KNOCK DOWN, TO 
PROSTRATE, TO OVERTHROW. 

— for (Fig.): dimico, propugno, 
(with pro): v. TO FIGHT. 

— home: V. HOME (adv., II.): v. 
TO DRIVE HOME. 

— in or into: IA. Trans. : 
figo, infigo, etc.: v. TO DRIVE IN, TO 
BEATIN. Phr.: to s. great fear into 
many, multis magnum metum incutere, 
Coel. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2: v. also TO 
INSPIRE(II.). B, Intrans.: |, To 


penetrate,q.v. ||. To interfere,q.v.: 
intervénio, interpello. 
— off: |. To cut off, q. v.: 


praecido, abscido, etc.: v. also To BR- 
HEAD. ||. Zo print off: v. TO PRINT. 

|]. To evase: Grado, si, sum, 3: he 
struck him off the roll of judges, albo 
judicum erasit, Suet. Claud. 16, ad med. : 
Vv. TO ERASE, CANCEL, 

— out: A, Trans.: |. To 
strike out fire: 1, exciido, di, sum, 3: 
he struck out a spark from flint, silici 
scintillam excudit, Virg. Aen. 1, 174: 
cf. e. ignem, Plin. 16, 40, 77, § 208. 5 
élido, si, sum, 3: tos. out five from flint, 
ignem e silice e., based on Plin. 11, 37, 
86, § 214: cf. e. ignes nubibus, Ov. M. 6, 
696 (695). 8, Glicio, licui and lexi, 
licitum, 3: to s. out fire by concussion 
and friction of stones, lapidum conflictu 
atque tritu e. ignem, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25. 

I]. To erase, blot out, obliterate: 
q. v. II]. Zo invent, contrive: q. v. 

B. Intrans.: to take a stroke, in 
swimming: perh. * brachia extendere s. 
pandere. 

— through: V. TO PIERCE, sTAB, 
TRANSFIX. 

— together: 


Friendship : 





Ay Transa;: 1; 


collido, si, sum, 3: to s. the hands 
together, c. manus (v. also TO CLAP). 
Also with inter se: the sea ss ships 
together, mare inter se navigia collidit 
based on Curt. 4, 3, post med. 2, con- 
citio, cussi, cussum, 3 (prop. to shake 
together): to s. arms together so as to 
clash, crepitantia c. arma, Ov. M. 1, 143. 
Phr.: cymbals struck tugether, aera re- 
pulsa, Tib. 1, 3, 24. B. Intrans.: 
confligo, xi, ctum, 3 (with inter se): 
ships struck together (or one another), 
naves inter se conflixerunt, Caes. B. C. 
2, 6, ad fin. Or may be expr. by pass. 
of verbs given under (A.), with or witb- 
out inter se. 

strike up: |. Lit.: of music- to 
begin to sing: Phr.: to s. upa song, 
movere cantum, Virg. Aen. 10, 16; 
&. up (a song), incipe, id. E. 9, 32: the 


JSlute-players struck up, tibicines canere 


incoeptabant, Gell. 1, 11, post init. : cf. 
occipere cantionem, PI. Stich. 5, 5, 19. 
Also, of instruments, to begin to play: 
the flute s.s up, (tibia) praemonstrat 
modos, based on Gell. 1, 11, post med. : 
as soon as the trumpets struck up, 
simulac tubarum est atditus cantus 
(Georg.). \l. Fig.: to strike up a 
Phr.: conferre se ad ami- 
citiam alicujus, Cic. Brut. 81, 281: ad 
amicitiam alicujus accedere, Nep. Kum. 
1, med. : amicitiam comparare, based on 
Cic. Rosc. Am, 38, 111: amicitiam et 
consuetudinem cum aliquo conjungere, 
id. Deiot. 9, 27: cf. amicitias facere, 
fingere, instituere, id. (v. Nizol. Lex. 
Cic. s. v. amicitia). 
strike (subs.) : 
Eng.): q. v. 
striker: 1, percussor, Gris, m. : 
the wounded lion Ienows the s., leo vul- 
neratus p. novit, Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 51: 
ef. Suet. Cal. 58, extr. 2. pulsator, 
Oris, m.: a s. of the lute, p. citharae, 
Val. Fl. 5, 694 (693). But best expr. by 
verb (Vv. TO STRIKE). 
striking (subs.) : v. BEATING (subs.). 
Or express by verb (Vv. TO STRIKE). 
striking (adj.): |. Remarkable, 
.v.: J], insignis, e: as. resemblance, 
i. similitudo, Liv. 39, 53, ad init.: as. 
example (or warning), i. documentum, 
Liv. (Quich.): v. also REMARKABLE (1). 
2. insignitus: v. REMARKABLE (2), 
3, nétabilis: an uncommon and s, 
event, rara et n. res, Plin. Ep. 7, 6, init. 
4, mirus: v. WONDERFUL. Phr.: 
as. instance, exemplum grande, Cic. Div. 
I, 20, 39: cf. exemplum nobile (in bad 
sense), Liv. 2, 5, fin.: a punishment the 
more s. that, etc., supplicium conspectius 
eo quod, etc., ib. med.: a s. dress, dis- 
sentiens a ceteris habitus (Georg.). 
||. Exactly resembling: perh. véris- 
simus: a s. likeness of Mars, verissima 
Martis imago, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 17. Phr.: 
portraits so s., imagines adeo similitu- 
dinis indiscretae, Plin. 35, 10, 36, 14, § 88: 
ef. indiscreta veri similitudo, id. 34, 7, 17, 
§ 38. Ill. Of arguments, powerful : 
gravis: g. argumentum, Cic. pass. : 
v. also POWERFUL (III.), IMPRESSIVE. 
Phr.: s. thoughts, concinnae acutaeque 
sententiae, Cic, Brut. 78, 272: 5. speeches, 
orationes nequaquam contemnendae, 
based on id. ib. 273: very 8. sayings, 
argutissima dicta, id. (v. ACUTE, SHREWD). 
strikingly; mirum in médum, mi- 
rabiliter; v. WONDERFULLY. Or expr. 
by adj. (v. STRIKING): e. g. @ boy s. de- 


a bushel (Prov. 


Formed, puer insignis ad deformitatem, 


Cic. Leg. 3, 8, 19:5 ugly features, nota- 
bilis foeditas vultus, Plin. 36, 5, 2, § 12: 
as. handsome woman, longe ante alias 
specie insignis ac pulchritudine, Liv. 1, 

9, post med. 
strikingness: expr. by adj. (v. 

STRIKING). 
string (subs.): _ |, In general sense: 
], linea: as. of pearls, |. margarita- 
rum, Scaev. Dig. 35, 2, 26: cf. Mart. 8, 78, 
4, linea dives (of strings wf pearls thrown 
among the people at the public games): 
ahen is kept prisoner with its leg tied 
by a long s., ligato pede longa 1. gallina 
custoditur, Col. 8, 11, 15. 2. linum: 
(of a letter) we cut the s. Caren 

5 


STRING 


linum incidimus, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10: ef. 
Pl. Bac. 4, 4, 64: v. also THREAD. 3. 
resticila (@ small cord): Vv. TO STRING 
(1.). Phr.: to breale the s., vincula linea 
rnumpere, Virg. Aen. 5, 510; they tighten 
the purse-s.s, praebent exigue sumptum, 
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 33. (For lit. sense, 
*crumenam astringere s. contrahere, 
may serve): to tie with s. (may be expr. 
by) ligare s. circumdare (v. TO BIND, [.: 
TO TIE) linea, etc. (v. supr.). i. 4 
shoe-string:  , corrigia: v. LATCHET. 

2, habéna: the other parts (of the 
foot) are bound with (shve-)s.s, cetera 
habenis vincta sunt, Gell. 13, 21, med. 

II]. 4A musical string: 1, chorda: 
Calliope tries beforehand with her finger 
the plaintive s.s, C. querulas praetentat 
pollice c., Ov. M. 5, 339~- cf. Cic. de Or. 
3, 57, 216: v. also To strike (A., I1.). 

2. nervus: the lyre cunning in re- 
sounding with seven s.s, testudo resonare 
septem callida nervis, Hor. Od. 3, r1, 3: 
Cic. Brut. 54, 199. 3. filum: to 
handle the harmonious s.s of the lyre, 
tractare consona f. lyrae, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 
60. 4. fides, ium, f. (a stringed in- 
strument): v. TO stRInG (IL, Phr.). 
Phr.: to harp on the same s., canti- 
lenam eandem canere, Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 10 


incudem eandem tundere, Cic. de Or. 3, ' 


27, 106. IV. 4 bow-string: nervus* 
to fit arrows to the s., nervo aptare 
sagittas, Virg. Aen. 10, 131: Lucan. 
Prov.: to have two s.s to one’s bow, 
(1.) duplici spe utier (7. e. uti), Ter. Ph. 
4, 2, 13. (2.) duabus sellis sedere (to 
keep in with both parties), Laber. in Sen, 
Contr. 3, 18, fin. V. In anatom., a 


fendon: nervus: Cic. : v. TENDON, SINEW, | 


HAMSTRING (subs. and v.), Phr.: the s. 
of the tongue is cut by the surgeon's 
knife and loosened, lingua inhaerens 
scalpello resecta liberatur, based on 
vic. Div. 2, 46, 96. VI. In botany, 
a fibre: q. v. Vil. Fig.: a series or 
SUCCESSION, q. V.: SEries. 

string (v.): |. To connect by a 
string: perh. *colligare linea, etc. (v. 
STRING, subs. 1.). Phr.: tos. ripe figs, 
Tresticulas (cords) per ficos maturas per- 
serere (to pierce through), Varr. R. R. 1, 
41, 5: pearls strung, (margaritae) per- 
tusae in linea (opp. extricatae, loose), Ulp. 
Dig. 9, 2, 24, fin. [For tos. together, v. To 
CONNECT. ] I]. To furnish a musical 
instrument with strings: Phr.: to s. 
a lyre, fides contendere nervis, based on 
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 75: *lyram intendere 
nervis (Georg.)- *lyrae, citharae, etc., 
nervos aptare (Ainsw.): a s.’d instru- 
ment, (1.) fides, ium: to play on a s’d 
instrument, fidibus canere, Cic. Div. 2, 
59, 122. (2.) nervi: Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 
134: Virg. Aen. 9, 773. 

stringed: v. To srrine (IL). 

stringency: v. PRESSURE (II.), sE- 
VERITY. 

stringent; sévérus, etc.: v. sTRICT, 
SEVERE. 

stringless (cf. “ His tongue is now 
& stringless instrument,” Shakesp.) : 
“nervis non intentus: v. UNSTRUNG. 

stringy: |. OF plants, jfibrous: 
q. v. I]. Of liquids, ropy: q. v. 

strip, strip off (v.): A. Trans.: 

|, Lit.: to deprive of a covering: 
1, spolio, 1: the consuls order the 
man to be s.’d (for punishment), con- 
sules spoliari hominem jubent, Liv, 2, 
55, med.: to s. the body of a slain enemy, 
corpus caesi hostis s., Liv. 7, 26, ad med. 
Also with abl.: to s. the fallen of his 
clothes, jucentem veste s., Nep. ‘Thras. 2, 
fin.: to s. off the pods of pulse, folliculos 
leguminum s., Petr. 135, med. 24. 
nudo, 1: he orders the man to be s.’d 
(for punishment), hominem nudari jubet, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 62, 161. Also with abl.: a 
weapon s.’d of its sheath, telum nudatum 
vagina, Nep. Dat. 11, ad fin. 3, dé- 
nudo: to s. matrons, matresfamilias d., 
Suet. Aug. 69. 4, exuo, ui, fitum, 3: 
the snake s.s off his skin in the thorns, 
Serpens e. in spinis vestem, Lucr. 4, 59: 
he s.s (or bares) his arms, lacertos e., 
Virg. Aen. 5, 423: how many fingers 
does oe goblet s., quot digitos e. iste 
80! 








STRIPE 


calix, Mart. 14, 109. Also with abl.: 
to s. one of clothes, aliquem veste e., 
Suet. Ner. 32, ad fin. 5, déripio, 
ripui, reptum, 3: a hide s.’d from a lion, 
pellis derepta leoni, Ov. M. 3, 52: v. To 
FLAY. 6. détraho, xi, ctum, 3: tos. 
off clothes, vestem d., based on Cic. Brut. 
75, 262. Prov.: you bid me s. the 
naked, nudo detrahere vestimenta me 
jubes, Pl. As. 1, 1, 99: v. also TO DRAW 


oFF (L.). 7. pono, dépono: v. To 
PUT OFF (1.). 8. viduo, 1 (poet. : lit. 
to bereave): the mountain-ashes are 


being s.'d of their leaves, viduantur orni 
foliis, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 8: cf. viduata arva 
pruinis, Virg. G. 4, 518. Cf. déciitio: 
v. TO SHAKE OFF, 9. stringo, inxi, 
ictum, 3: to s. off leaves from trees, s. 
folia ex arboribus, based on Caes. B. C. 
3, 58: cf. s. frondes, Virg. E.9, 61: s. ar- 
bores, Col. 6, 3,7. Comp. déstringo: to 
Ss. off the myrtle berry, d. baccam myrti, 
Col. 12, 38,7 d.frondem, Quint. 12, 6, 
2: d. ramos, Lucan 4, 317. 10. dé- 
cortico (to s. the bark off): v. TO PEEL 
(1.). 11, vello, vulsi, vulsum, 3 (to 
s. off the feathers of birds): v. TO PLUCK 
(IL.). Il. Fig.: to deprive of: ib 
spolio, 1 (usu. with acc. of person or 
thing robbed and abl. of thing taken) : 
v.TO Ros. Also in poet. with acc. in- 
stead of abl.: winter s.’d of its locks, 
biems spoliata capillos, Ov, M. 15, 243. 
Comps. déspélio, exspolio (v. TO DESPOIL, 
ROB). 2. nudo, 1 (like preced. in 
constr.) : the little crow s.’d of its bor- 
rowed plumes, cornicula furtivis nudata 
coloribus, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 20: the tribunes’ 
official power having been s.’d of all, 
nudata omnibus rebus tribunitia po- 
testate, Caes. B. C. 1, 7, ad med.: cf. 
Suet. Caes. 41, init.: to s. lands by lay- 
ing waste, agros n. populando, Liv. 44, 
27, ad med. (Vv. TO PLUNDER, PILLAGE, 
DEVASTATE). Cf. compound dénido: 
Roman citizens having been s.’d of their 
property, civibus Romanis denudatis, 
Cic. Fam.12,15,1. 3. exuo, ui, itum, 3 
(same constr. as preced.): to s. an enemy 
of his arms, e. bostem armis, Liv. 34, 28, 
ad fin.: to s. one of his ancestral goods, 
aliquem avitis bonis e., Tac. A. 14, 31, 
med.: cf. se agro paterno avitoque e., 
Liv. 2, 23, ad med. 4. expello: v. 
TO EXPEL. 5, éverto, ti, sum (lit. 
to turn out): tos. award of his father’s 
fortunes, e. pupillum fortunis patriis, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 51, 135. Miscell.: s.’d 
of the disguises of hypocrisy, evolutus in- 
tegumentis dissimulationis nudatusque, 
id. de Or. 2, 86, 350: to s. off all the 
ornament of speech, omnem ornatum 
orationis detrahere, based on id. Brut. 
"5, 262. B, Intrans.: to undress 
oneself: may be expr. by, ponere s. de- 
ponere vestem, vestitum, vestimenta 
(v. TO PUT OFF, I.): cf. de tenero vela- 
mina corpore ponit, Ov. M. 4, 345: perh. 
too *se exuere vestibus: vestes sibi de- 
trahere (Georg.). [N.B.—Corpus nudare 
(R. and A.), Enn. in Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, 
70, is used in a bad sense of allowing 
one’s nakedness to be seen in public.] 
Norre.—Stripped may often be expr. 
lit. and fig. by, nudus (vy. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v.). 
strip (subs.) : |. A strip of cloth: 
perh. * pannulus oblongus (Georg.) : to 
cut linen clothes into s.s, * indumenta 
lintea in oblongos pannulos discindere 
(id.): v. also BANDAGE (subs.). —|J. A 
strip of paper: 1, (chartae) schédila 
or scidiila: cf. Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 1 (but 
v.l. syllabam).  Q, (chartae) schéda or 
scida (a s. of papyrus bark): Plin. 13, 
12, 23, § 77: v. also LEAF (II.). Ih. Io 
surgery, @ s. of (diseased) flesh: habena : 
a thin s. must be cué out, tenuis exci- 
denda h. est, Cels. 7, 17, 1, fin. Also 
dimin. habéniila, id. 7, 28, post med. 
IV. 4 strip of land: lacinia (lit. 
the luppet or flap of a garment): Plin. 
5, 32, 43, § 148. 
stripe (subs.): |. A streak of a 
different colour from the ground : iE 
limes, itis, m.: a white s. marking a 
black ground, nigram materiam dis- 
tinguente 1. albo (of a line or vein in 











STRIVE 


stone), Plin. 37, 10, 69, § 184. 9, vi 

(a coloured stripe ee Sia ane 
S.s, purpureae v., Ov. A. A. 3, 269. 
Also of a s. (or streak) in the heavens, 
Sen.Q. N. 1, 9 and 10. Cf. fascia in 
Juv. t4, 294 (nil color hic coeli, nil 
Jascia nigra minatur). 3, clavus (a 
purple stripe on the tunica): the broad 
s. (for the senators), latusc.: the nare 
row s§. (for the equites), angustus c. (¥. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. clavus, and Ant. 


p. 293). |. Zhe discoloured mark of 
a blow: 1, vibex, icis, f.: Plin. 30, 
13, 39,§ 118. 2, perh. verberum vul- 
nera, ib. 3. cicatrix, icis, f. : v. scaR. 


Il]. 4 blow (of a whip or lash): 
verber, éris, m. (chiefly in plur.); he 
orders the young man to be stripped 
and s.s to be given, adolescentem nudari 
jubet verberaque afferri, Liv. 8, 28, med. : 
to torture an envoy with bonds and s.s, 
legatum vinculis ac verberibus excru- 
ciare, Cic. Manil. 5, 11: to beat with @ 
rod one who has deserved to suffer se- 
verer s.s, ferula caedere meritum majora 
subire verbera, Hor. S. 1, 3, 120: v. also 
BLOW (subs.): STROKE (subs.). Fig.: 
the s.s of fortune, fortunae v., Gell. 13, 
27, jin. Phr.: one worthy of s.s, ver- 
béro, Onis, m.: Cic. Att. 14, 6, 1: Plaut.: 
Ter.: cf. verbereum caput, Pl. Pers. 2, 
2,2: to inflict s.s, verberibus caedere, 
id. Most. 5, 2,45: virgis aliquem caedere, 
Liv. 2,5,ad fin. |V. Asmilit. t.t.: 4 
badge of honour, sexmentum (Quich.): 
but perh. better expr. by, insigne (or 
insignia) s. ornamentum honoris (based 
on Cic, Sull. 31, 88, insignia atque orna- 
menta honoris). 

striped (the verb TO srRIPE not 
being sufficiently inuse): 1, virgatus: 
s. (military) cloaks, v. sagula, Virg. Aen. 
8, 660: as. tigress, Vv. tigris, Sen. Hippol. 
344: cf. virgato corpore tigris, Sil. 5, 148. 

2. virgulatus: as. shell, v. concha, 
Plin. 9, 33; 52; $) 103: 3. tigrinus 
(marted like a tiger): id. 13, 15, 3 
§ 96. 

stripling: 1, Addlescentiilus- + 
beardless s., a. imberbis, Cic. Dom. 14, 57. 

2. péraddlescentiilus: Nep. Eum. t, 
med. 3. éphébus (= édnBos): Cie . 
Flac. 21, 51: Suet.: v. YOUTH. 

strive: |. To makeefforts: 1, 
nitor, nisus and nixus, 3: let one 
s. his utmost, tantum, quantum potest, 
quisque nitatur, Cic. de Sen. 10, 33: fo 
s. hard for (or in defence Ys 
pro libertate summa ope n., Sall. J. 31, 
post med.: to s. that.... not, n. ne 
(with swbj.), id. ib. 13, fin.: they s. to 
Sorce their way through, perrumpere n., 
Caes. B. G, 6, 39, fin. Also with ad and 
gerundive: they s. to agitate the states, 
ad sollicitandas civitates n., id. ib. 7, 63, 
ad init. 2. énitor, nisus or nixus, 3 
(stronger than preced.): J will s. with 
all my strength and efforts, omni ope 
atque opera enitar, Cic. Att. 14, 14, 6: 
cf. summa ope niti, Sall. C. 1, init.: 
ego, quod potero, e. sedulo, Ter. Heaut. 
5, 4, 15: e. in aliqua re, Cic. de Or. 2, 
72, 295: fight and s. that .... not, 
pugna et e. ne (with subj.), id. Fam. 3, 
10, 3 Join: he who runs on the race- 
course ought to s. to win, qui stadium 
currit, e. et contendere debet ut vincat, 
id. Off. 3, 10, 42. Rarely with inf.: cf. 
Ter. Andr. 3, 4, 17. Cf. comps. annitor, 
obnitor, connitor (v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
Ss. VV.). 8. contendo, di, tum, 3: tos. 
to seek safety in flight, c. fuga salutem 
petere, Caes. B. G, 3, 15: to s. with oars 
to gain that part of the island, c. remis 
ut eam partem insulae caperet, id. ib. 5, 3, 
med. Join: idc, et laborare, Caes. B.G. 
I, 31, tnit.: to s. might and main, c. 
omnes nervos ut (with subj.), Cic. Fat. 
10, 21: cf. id. Verr. Act. 1, 12, 35. 4, 
tendo, tétendi, tentum and tepsum, 3 
(mostly poet. in this sense): (Laocoon) 
s.s to wrench asunder with his hands the 
knots (of the serpent’s coils), manibus t. 
divellere nodos, Virg. Aen. 2, 220: cf, 
fratres tendentes opaco Pelion impo- 
suisse Olympo, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 51: tos. 
to impose laws on a captured state, 
captae civitati leges imponere t., Liv. 


q ; . 


x 


STRIVE AFTER 


STROLL 


STKONG 





6, 38, med. 5, laboro, 1: Is. to be 
concise, brevis esse }., Hor. A. P. 25: 
I strove to be loved by him, amari ab eo 
laboravi, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, init.: v. TO 
EXERT (IL.). 6, stiideo, ui, 2 (to be 
eager or zealous): he s,s to appear 
pleasing to them, illis gratum se videri s., 
Cic. Off. 2, 20, Jo. Also with ut and 
subj.: Auct. B. Alex. 1. 7. Opéram 
do (with ut or ne): v.PaAIns. 8, conor: 
Vv. TO ENDEAVOUR. 9, molior, itus, 4 
(rare in this sense): s.ing to usurp the 
government, de occupando regno mo- 
liens, Cic. Rep. 2, 35, 60. 10, luctor, 
obluctor: v. TO STRUGGLE. ll. Zo 
strive in opposition to, to contend with : 
contendo, certo, decerto, etc. (v. TO CON- 
TEND): Vv. also TO VIE WITH, TO RIVAL, 
ro DispuTe (ILI.). 

strive afterorfor: 1, nitor,nisus 
and nixus, 3 (with ad or in): to s. after 
undying fame, ad immortalitatem glo- 
tiae n., Cic. de Sen. 23, 82: to s. after 
the forbidden, n. in vetitum, Ov. Am. 3, 
4,17. 2, connitor, nixus or nisus, 3 
(to strive for, i.e. to reach a place): to s. 
Sor the highest ridge, in sammum jugum 
c., Caes. B. C. 1, 46, med. 3, annitor, 
nisus or nixus, 3 (with de): unless Bi- 
bulus should s. for a triumph, nisi B. 
anniteretur de triumpho, Cic. Att. 6, 8, 5. 

4. immineo, 2 (with im or dat.): 
to s. for an opportunity, i. in occa- 
sionem, Liv. 25, 20, post med.: s.ing 
Jor that magistracy, imminens ei po- 
testati, id. 3, 51, med. 5, sector, 1: 
to s. after booty, pracdam s., Caes. B. G. 
6, 35, ad fin.: cf.s. lites, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 
61: v. also TO PURSUE (VL.), TO SEEK, 
TO GRASP AT (II.). 6, contendo, di, 
tum, 3 (with ad): to s. for the highest 
renown, c. ad summam laudem, Cic, 
Phil. 14, 12, 32. Cf. tendo, affecto, 
péto, stiideo (v. To arm, IIL). 

— against: 1, obnitor, nisus 
and nixus, 3: when, often s.ing against 
it, he had shown opposition, quum saepe 
obnitens repugnasset, Vell. 2, 89, post 
med.: we are not able to s. against it, 
nec nos obniti contra sufficimus, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 22: to s. against adversity, 
o. adversis, Tac. A. £5, 11. 9. réni- 
tor, 3: when they, s.ing against it, kept 
saying they had made a covenant, 
quum illi renitentes pactos dicerent 
vobis, Curt. 6, 3, post init.: v. also TO 
OPPOSE (LL.), RESIST. 

— together: v. TO CONTEND, TO 
STRUGGLE, TO WRESTLE. 

striving (subs.): 1. contentio: a 
s. for public offices, honorum c., Cic. Off. 
I, 25, 87: a s. for freedom and social 
position, c. libertatis dignitatisque, Liv. 
4, 6, ad fin. 2. appétitio: a s. for 
another's property, a. alieni, Cic. Off. 3, 6, 
30: v. also GRASPING (swbs.). 3. cer- 
tatio: there remains for virtue a s. with 
pleasure, relinquitur virtuti cum vo- 
luptate c., Cic. Fin. 2, 14,44. 4, nixus 
or nisus, Us, m.: v. EFFORT. Often best 
expr. by verb (Vv. TO STRIVE). 

striving (adj.): strénuus, etc.: v. 
ENTERPRISING, PUSHING (adj), 

stroke (subs.): |, Ablow: 1, 
ictus, is, m.: a hand-to-hand s., i. com- 
‘minus (opp. conjectio telorum), Cic. 
Caecin. 15, 43: shields being pierced 
through with one s. of javelins, scutis 
uno i. pilorum transfixis, Caes. B. G. 
I, 25, ad med.: a gladiator’s s., i. 
gladiatoris, Cic. Mil. 24, 65: as. of 
lightning, i. fulminis, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94: 
cf. i. fulmineus, Hor. Od. 3, 16, 11. } 
plaga: v. BLOW. 8. verber, éris, n.: 
Vv. STRIPE (subs., II1.): the ship is urged 
on by the s.s of six oars (lit. by six 
strokes), puppis v. senis agitur, Lucan 
3, 536: cf. remorum in verbere perstant, 
Ov. M. 3, 662 (660). Fig.: the s.s of 
fate, fortunae v., Gell. 13, 27, fin. 4, 
pulsus, tis, m.: the s. of the oars, p. re- 
morum, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, fin.: ef. Liv. 
22, 19, med. I]. In mechanics, a s. of 
the piston, perh. *emboli motus s. ictus. 

II]. Of lightning: fulmen (v. Lignt- 
NING): more freq. fulminis ictus (v. 
supr. I). Fig.: fear of such a s., 


| tariti fulminis (7. e. mortis pueri) metus, | Cic. Fam. 2, 12, 2. (3.) deambilatio (a 


| Quint. 6, praef., post init. IV. In 
| writing or painting, a line : 1, linea: 
| to make a s., lineam ducere, Plin. 35, 10, 
| 36, § 84: cf. 1. cinere ducere, id. 18, 33, 
| 76, § 327: light s.s, primae s. extremae 
1. (Vv. OUTLINE, subs.). 9. lineamen- 
tum: s.s of chalk, |. (cretae), Petr. 79, 
postinit. 3, nota: v. MARK (subs., 1.). 
4. ductus, iis, m.: boys imitate the 

s.s (lit. forms) of letters, literarum duc- 
tus pueri sequuntur, Quint. 10, 2, 2. 
Phr.: by a single s. of his pen (of one 
letter producing a great effect), una li- 
terarum significatione, Cic. Manil. 3, 7: 
to have put the finishing-s. to wars, su- 
Pane bellis imposuisse manum, Ov. 
. Am. 114 (metaphor from painting) : 
cf. perpolire aliquid, Cic.: v. also FINISH- 
ING-STROKE: TO FINISH, ACCOMPLISH. 
V. A master-stroke, master-piece : 
q.v. For a violent and sudden effort, v. 
COUP-DE-MAIN, COUP-D’ETAT. Miscell.: 
the clock is upon the s. of twelve, *instat 


*ad s. in numerum remigare: tomate a 
s. (in swimming), perb. dirigere brachia, 
based on Juv. 4, 89 (direxit brachia con- 


aquis, Ov. ex P. 1, 6, 34: v. also TO STRIKE 
our (B.): to make a lucky s. (in money 
matters), 
based on Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: by @ lucky 
s., bene, beate, feliciter : he makes from 
time to time some brilliantly bold s.s (of 
an author), nonnullos interdum jacit 
igniculos viriles, Cic. Att. 15, 26, 2: ef. 
ingenii igniculos ostendere, Quint. 6, 
praef. 7: a s. of policy (or a@ clever s.), 
ars, artificium, dolus, machina (Vv. ARTI- 
FICE, CONTRIVANCE). 

stroke, stroke down (v.): 1. 
mulceo, si, sum (rarely mulctum), 2: to 
s. the beard with the hand, manu m. bar- 
bam, Ov. F. 1, 259: tos. a calf, m. vitu- 
lum, Ov. A. A. 2, 341: to offer the neck to 
be s.d, mulcenda colla praebere, id. M. 10, 
118. 2, démulceo, mulsi, mulsum and 
mulctum, 2 (to s. down: rare): to s. 
one’s head, alicui caput d., Ter. Heaut. 
| 4, 5, 14: to s.a@ horse's back, d. dorsum 
dequi). Liv. 9, 16, ad fin. 3. per- 
mulceo, si, sum and ctum, 2: to s. one 
with the hand, aliquem manu p., Ov. F. 


| 4, $51 (Vv. TO FONDLE): one’s cheelcs, 
sese, Liv. 49, a init.: cf. renitentibus | 


alicui malas p., Suet. Ner. 1, post intt. : 
the beard, barbam p., Liv. 5, 41, ad jin. : 
the hair, comas p., Ov. M. 2, 733. 4. 
palpo (and palpor), 1: to offer the breast 
to be s.d with the hand, pectora praebere 
palpanda (al. plaudenda) manu, Ov. M. 2, 
866: cf. cum equum permulsit quis vel 
palpatus est, Ulp. (v. TO FONDLE). 

stroking (subs.): expr. by verb (v. 
TO STROKE, CARESS, subs., 4): palpatio, 
palpamentum, being used only fig. for 
a flattering. 

stroll, stroll about: 1, de- 
ambulo,1: to s. on the shore, d.in litore, 


we shall rest, quum satis erit deambula- 
tum, requiescemus, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14. 
For prodeambilo, v. STROLL (subs., 1). 
2. Sbambulo: when he s.s alone, 
cum solus o., Ov. Tr. 2, 459. 3. pér- 
ambilo: tos. through gardens, p. viridia, 
Phaedr, 2, 5, 14: cf. p. rura, Hor. Od. 4, 
BS eke 4, inambilo, 1 (to walk up 
and down): to s.on a green and shady 
bani, in viridi opacaque ripa i., Cic. Leg. 
T, 5s ek 5, spitior, 1: v. TO PROM- 
ENADE, 6. vagor, 1: I s. out of 
bounds, ultra terminum v., Hor. Od. 1, 
22s Cl. Wd. 8, L, 0, 122. 
stroll (subs.): 1, expr. by verbs 
(v. TO STROLL): usu. in phr.: to go for 
as.,totakeas.: (1.) prodeambilo, 1: 
to go out for a s., p., Ter. Ad. 5, I, 4. 
(2.) deambilo, 1: go off for a s., abi 
deambulatum, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3,26. (3.) 
ambiilo, 1: to go off for as., abire am- 
bulatum, Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 96. (4.) ébam- 
biilo, 1: when he takes a solitary s.,cum 
solus o., Ov. (Vv. TO STROLL, 2). 
expr. by subss.: (1.) ambiilatio: v. 
WALK (subs ), PROMENADE (subs.). (2.) 
ambalatiuncula (rare: a short walk): 





meridies: to keep s. (in rowing), perh. | 


tra torrentem): cf. jactare brachia mediis | 


magnam pecuniam facere, | 


Suet. Aug. 96, ad jin. Also in impers. | 
constr.: when we shall have s.’d enough, | 


_promenading): Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 2: v. 
also RAMBLE, WANDERING. 
stroller: expr. by verb 
STROLL): v. alsO RAMBLER, 
QUACK (subs., LI). 
strolling-players : * histriones 
vagi: @ company of s., *histrionum va- 
gorum grex s, caterva. 
strong: |. In general sense, of 
the body or mind: 1. validus (opp. 
imbecillus: cbiefly poet.): s. ozen, v. 
tauri, Ov. M. 7, 538: s. arms, v. lacerti, 
Lucr. 4, 830 (828): s. in body, mind, 
resources, v. corpore, opibus, ingenio, 
Tac. H. 1, 57: an intellect s. in wisdom, 
ingenium sapientia v., Sall. C. 6, post 
med.: less s. in mind than in body, 
mente minus validus quam corpore, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 8,7: v. also sounp (adj., I.). 
Very s., praevalidus: @ very s. youth, p. 
juvenis, Liv. 4, 5, med. 2. valens, 
entis (like preced.): when a weak man 
is torn to pieces by a very s. beast, quam 
homo imbecillus a valentissima bestia 
laniatur, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3: 8. in the 
limbs, vy. membris, Ov. M.g, 108. Fig.: 
a 8s. logician, vy. dialecticus, Cic. Fat. 6, 
12: nor was craft s.er than my counsel, 
nec fraus violentior quam consilium 
meum, id. Tim. 11, post med. Very 
$., praevalens: very s. in body, p. cor- 
| pore, Vell. 2, 108. 8, rébustus 
(sturdy): a man s.er by exercise, (homo) 
exercitatione robustior, Cic. Cat. 2, 20: 
cf. usu atque aetate r., id. Sunil. 16, 47. 
Join: s. body-guards, r. et valentes 
satellites, id. Agr. 2, 31,84. Fig.: as. 
mind, Yr. animus, id. Off. 1, 20, 67. 4. 
| licertosus, t6rOsus: Vv. MUSCULAR. 5. 
firmus (opp. aeger): of a constitution 
| not yet sufficiently s., nondum satis f. 
corpore, Cic. Fam. 11, 27,1. Join: f. 
ac valens, id. ib. 16, 8,2. Fig.: to bear 
with a s. mind, ferre f. animo, id. ib. 7, 
18,1: @ man most s. for the truth, vir 
pro veritate firmissimus, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 
post med.: cf. vir in suscepta causa fir- 
missimus, Cic. Mil. 33, 91: v. also FIRM, 
RESOLUTE, STEADFAST. 6. fortis, e 
(powerful): a s. horse, f. equus, Luer. 
3, 8: s. oxen, f. tauri, Virg.G.1, 65: a 
s. head (of a lion), f. caput, Plin. 8, 36, 
54, 130. Also fortes (= in s. health), 
Plin. Ep. 4, 1, extr. Phr.: @ very s. 
man, vir maximis viribus, Cic. Coel. 24, 
59: a rustic of s. common sense, rusticus 
crassa Minerva, Hor. S. 2, 2, 3. [For a 
s. constitution, v. sounp (adj, 1., phr.) } 
|l.. S. im resources or numbers : 
1, potens, praepdtens, validus, 
valens: v. POWERFUL (I1.). 2. pol- 
lens, entis: a fleet very s. at sea, classis 
plurimum p. mari, Vell. 1, 2, ad jin. 
Join: Fig.: animus abunde p. potens- 
que, Sall. J. 1, med. Very s., praepol- 
lens: a nation very s. in wealth, gens 


(v. TO 
HAWKER, 


divitiis p., Liv. 1, 57, imit.: v. also 
STRONG, TO BE (IIL.). 3. fldrens, 
entis: V. PROSPEROUS. 4, firmus: a 





state especially s., civitas imprimis f., 
| Caes. B. G. 5, 54, ad intt.: cf. Cic. Am. 
| 4, 23: anarmy s. enough for so great a 
| war, exercitus satis f. ad tantum bellum, 
Liv. 23, 25, med.: a s. band of veteran 
volunteers, f. manus evocatorum, Cic, 
Fam. 15, 4, 3: very Ss. garrisons, prae- 
sidia firmissima, id. Fin. 1, 10, 35: S. 1” 
resources, f. opibus, Scip. in Cic. Att. 8, 
11 (v. RICH): s. in cavalry, ab equitatu 
f., Planc. in Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 2. Phr.: 
a very s. army, Maximus exercitus, Cic. 
Mur. 15, 32: cf. exercitus amplior, Suet. 
Vesp. 4,ad fin.: the s.er party prevailed 
over the better one, major pars meliorem 
vicit, Liv. 21, 4, imit.: a fleet 100 s., 
classis centum navium, Liv. (Quich.): the 
army is 3000 s. in foot, exercitus trium 
millium peditum est (id.): v. also NU- 
MEROUS, STRONG, TO BE. [|], Of things, 
jirm, solid: firmus: for lit. sense, v. 
FIRM (adj.), sotmp (adj., V.). Fig. 

very s. foundations of a defence, (fund 

menta) defensionis firmissima, Cic. Coel. 
2,5: to have a very s. hope, spem fir- 
missimam habere, id. Fam. 6, 5, 4: (in 
Cie. Att. 1, 1, 2, firmior candidatus = a 
candidate who has s.er hopes of being 

807 


STRONG, TO BE 


elected). Join: s. principles of duty, 
officli praecepta f., stabilia, id. Off. 1, 2, 
6: @ Ss. opinion, opinio f. et stabilis, id. 
Brut. 30,114. |V. Of places, fortified, 
q. v.: miunitus: a place too s. to be 
carried by a coup-de-main, locus mu- 
nitior quam ut primo impetu capi posset, 
Curt.: a town s. both by nature and by 
art, oppidum et natura loci et manu m.. 
Caes. B.G. 3.23. Fig.: s. in the goodwill 
of men, hominum benevolentia m., Cic. 
Att. 2, 25, 2. V. Of speech, Jorcitle, 
emphatic : 1, validus: v. FORCIBLE 
(L.). 92. vébémens, entis: a very s. 
force in speech, vis in oratione vehe- 
Mmentissima, Quint. 9,4,13. 3, fortis, 
e: a s. style of speaking, f. (genus di- 
cendi), Cic. de Or. 3,9,32. 4, gravis: 
Vv. IMPRESSIVE. 5, nervosus: v. NER- 
vous (I.). [.S. language (in bad sense), 
contumelia, maledictum, probrum: v. 
ABUSE, INSULT.} Vi. Of arguments, 
conclusive, weighty, q. v.: firmus, gra- 
vis. Join: argumentum gravissimum 
et firmissimum, Cic. Rose. Com. 12, 37: 
v. also POWERFUL (III.), convincInc, 
SOLID (adj., V.). Yj]. Of the memory, 
retentive : 1, firmus: a s. memory, 
f. memoria, Quint. (v. Memory, I.). 

9, ténax, acis: v. RETENTIVE. 
acer, cris, cre: @ s. memory, a. memoria, 
Gic. de Or. 2, 8%, 357. Vill. Of 
eyesight, wnimpaired : incdlimis, e: 
s. eyesight, acies i., Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84. 

[X. Of the voice, loud and full : 
grandis et plenus: g. et p. vox, Cic. 
Br. 84, 289. X. Violent, vehement, 
ardent, q. V.: 1, gravis, e: as. 
opponent, g. adversarius, Cic. Off. 3, 22, 
86: cf. gravior hostis, Liv. 10, 18: v. 
alsO FORMIDABLE. Q. acer, cris, cre: 
@ s. opponent (in discussion), a. adver- 
sarius, Cic. Acad. 2, 4, 12: v.also EAGER 
(IL.). 8. expr. by tantus: so s. a 
partisan of the aristocracy, t. optima- 
tium fautor, Suet. Gr. 3. 4. stiidids- 
us: v. ZEALOUS. Phr.: so s. a pre- 
judice, tam penitus insita opinio, Cic. 
(Vv. INVETERATE): @ S. aversion, mag- 
num odium, Plin.: to feel a very s. pas- 
sion, incredibili cupiditate ardere, Cic. : 
V. DESIRE (subs.), PASSION. XI. Of 
remedies, effectual, potent: potens, entis: 
Plin. 29, 4, 30, § 94: v. also EFFECTUAL. 
Phr. (fig.): a s. consolation, magnum 
solatium, Cic pass.: magna solatia, id. : 
multa solatia, id. XI. Of food, solid, 
substantial: firmus, plénus, robustus, 
validus: v. soLtp (adj., 1V.), NOURISH- 


ING (adj.). XII]. OF flavours: (a.) 
Full-flavoured : validus: a s. 


wine, Vinum v. (opp. imbecillum), Plin. 
-4, 21; 27, § 134. 2. plénus, firmus: 
v. FULL-BODIED. 8. mérus, méracus 
eka with water): v. PURE (I., 4). 
6.) sharp to the taste: 1, Acer, Acris, 
acre: s. vinegar, a. acetum, Hor. S. 2, 3, 
117. 2, mordax, aciitus: vy. PUNGENT. 
3. austérus: v. HARSH (II.). XIV, 
Of smell: gravis, acer, asper, etc.: v. 
SMELL (subs., III.). For bad sense, v. 
RANK (adj., II.). XV. Of colour, 
deep: satur, etc.: v. ricH (III, 9), 
DEEP (adj. 1V.). 
zling, vivid: q.v. 


or current, swift, rapid: 1, véhé- 


mens, entis: a s. wind, v. ventus, Cic. | 


Rose. Am. 45, 131. 2. saevus (very 


s.): by a very s. but not head-wind, | 


vento s., non adverso, id. Att. 5, 12, 1: 
v. alsO VIOLENT, VEHEMENT. 3. ra- 
pidus: to be caught in a s. current, r. 
in freto deprehendi (of the current in a 
channel), Liv. Phr.: to resist a s. cur- 
rent, contra vim atque impetum flu- 
minis, Caes. B. G. 4, 19, med.: the s.er 
the current might be, quo major vis 
aquae se incitavisset, Caes. id. l.¢. 
strong, tobe: |. Zo have physical 
strength : 1, valeo, ui, itum, 2 (with 


a strengthening word, since alone it usu. | 


means fo be weil, opp. to be ill): to be s. 


for wrestling, viribus ad luctandum v., | 


Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107: cf. v. corpore, id. 
Brut. 19,77: multum v., Pl. Am. 5, 1, 
51: plus’v., id. Truc. 4, 3, 38: to be as 
as a bower, v. pugilice, id. Epid. 1, 1, 
2. expr. by vires with verb: 








XVI. Of light, daz- | 
XVII. Of a wind | 





Jluence or resources: 1 


STRUCTURE 


Antipater was roughly s., A. habuit 
vires agrestes, Cic. Leg. 1, 2,6: nor are 
you as s. as the centurion, nec vos cen- 
turionis vires habetis, id. Sen. 10, 33: to 
be very s., excellere viribus, id. Off. 3, 5, 
25. Fig.: you know not how s. virtue 
is, hescis quantas vires virtus habeat, 
id. Par. 2, 17. I]. Zo be well, healthy : 
valeo, ui, itum, 2: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
s.v. Phr.: since he was not yet s. 
enough, corpore nondum satis firmo 
quum esset, Cic. Fam. 11, 27: v. also 
WELL, TO BE. Il]. Zo have great in- 
valeo, ui, 
itum, 2: those who are s.er in resources, 
arms, power, qui plus opibus, armis, 
potentia v., Cic. Fam. 1,9, 10: because 
Caesar was very s. in cavalry, quod 
multum C. equitatu valebat, Caes. B. C. 
1, 61, ad med. To prove the s.er, prae- 
vileo: v.TO PREVAIL (I.). 2. polleo, 
possum: they are very s. by land and 
sea, multum illi terra, plurimum mari 
p., Liv. 1, 23, ad fin.: v. INFLUENCE 
(subs., LV., phr.). Orexpr. by swum with 
adj. (v. stRONG). [For to be s. enough, 
Vv. ABLE, TO BE. } 

strong, to become or grow: —j. 

To gain strength, in gen. sense: expr. 
by fieri s. fieri coepisse with adj. (v. 
STRONG). Phr.: the vine becomes s. 
enough to bear the weight, vitis vires 
concipit et intra se pascit suffecturas 
oneri, Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 173. Il. Zo 
recover strength after illness: valesco, 3 
(rare), Lucr. 1, 941 (933). More usual 
words are, révalesco, convalesco, etc. (v. 
TO RECOVER, B.). [For fig. sense, v. TO 
STRENGTHEN (II.), TO INCREASE (B.) ] 
. to make: firmo, confirmo, ré- 
boro, corréboro: v. TO STRENGTHEN (I.). 
-bodied: vilidus: v. sTRONG 
(1.), EFFECTIVE (III.). 

— -box: arca: trust to my s. (i 2. 
to the money in it), arcae nostrae con- 
fidito, Cic. Att. 1, 9, 2: ef. Hor. S. 1, 1, 
67. 

—--hold: 1, arx: v. CITADEL. 

2. castellum: v. FORT. 

strongly: |. Firmly (lit. and fig.) : 
firmé, firmiter, sdlidé (only lit.); téna- 
citer, etc. (Vv. FIRMLY, throughout). |], 
Vehemently, powerfully : 1, véhée- 
menter: J see that the sea is surging s., 
fluctuare video v. mare, Pl. Rud. 4, 1, 
12: v. also VEHEMENTLY, VIOLENTLY, 
EXCEEDINGLY. 2. validé: fluctuat 
v. mare, id. Rud. 2, 1,14: to favour one 
very s., validissime alicui favere, Coel. 
in Cic. Fam. 8, 2: to oppose s., v. repug- 
nare, id. Fam. 1, 22: to desire s., cupere 
v., Plin. Ep. 9, 35. 8, valdé (contr. 
from preced.): v. MUCH (adv., 3), GREAT- 
Ye 4. acriter: to fight more s., 
acrius pugnare, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3: to 
oppose very s., acerrime resistere, id. Agr. 
2, 31, 85: to rate very s., a. vituperare, 
id. Att. 7, 5,4: v. also SHARPLY, VIGOR- 
OUSLY. 5, fortiter: v. BRAVELY. 

6. graviter, nervosé (of speaking 
or arguing): v. FORCIBLY (II.). Phr.: 
to recommend one very s., aliquem dili- 
gentissime commendare, id. Fam. 2, 17, 
6: v. also PASSIONATELY. [N.B.—S. may 
also be expr. by a prep. in comp.: e. g. 
to desire s., expetere: very s. fortified, 
permunitus, Liv. (but cf. GREATLY, 
exti.): or by adj. (v. STRONG): or by 
abl. of subs.: e.g. to resist as s.as pos- 
sible, omnibus viribus repugnare, Cic.] 

strong-minded : v. MAGNANIMOUS, 
RESOLUTE. 
-smelling: grivedlens, gravis: 
V. SMELLING (adj., ITI.). 

strop: *lorum in quo novacnlae 
exacuantur. 

strophe: strdpha, ae, Macr.: M. L. 

strow: v. TO STREW. 

structure: |. Law or plan of 
arrangement and formation:  ], ratio, 
lex: v.PLAN. Q, conformatio: v. FOR- 
Matron (II.). (Structura = kind of build- 
ing; and with ref. to words, arrange- 
ment.) Phr.: to explain the s. of a 
sentence, *docere quomodo [qua ratione, 
lege] verba inter se cohaereant [con- 
hectantur]: metrical s., numeri, Ellis 
pref. Catul. (carmen .... hos habet nu- 

















STUBBORN 





meros). |], That which is constructed: 
1, compages, is, f.: v. FRAMEWORK. 
_ 2, structura (an erection or build 
ing): Vitr. 5, 12, 2. 3, aedificium 
Vv. BUILDING, . an enormous &., 
moles, is, f.: Hor. Od. 2, 15, 2: cf. Cie. 
Mil. 31, insanae substructionum moles, 
structural: Phr.: a s. defect, 
* conformationis vitium. 
struggle(v.): |, Tocontend closely 
or vigorously with any one or any thing; 
__1, luctor, 1 (lit. to wrestle): to s. 
with any one, cum aliquo L., Cic. Sull. 
16: poet. with dat.: to s. with death, 
1. morti, Sil.: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 1, 15. 
Comps. (1) colluctor, 1 (to s. with: 
rare): Col.: Gell.: (2) obluctor, 1 (to s. 
against): to s. against a current, flu- 
mini ob., Curt. 4, 8: Col. Fig.: to s. 
with difficulties, difficultatibus ob., Curt. 
6,6. (3) Eluctor, 1 (to s. out; make a 
way out by struggling): with ace.: to 
s. out of (the grasp of) strong hands, 
validas manus e., Liv. 24, 26. 
pugno, I: v. TO FIGHT; also, STRUGGLE 
(subs.). Rarely with dat.: let us s. 
against love, pugnemus amori, Ov. Her. 
16 (17), 189: Vv. TO RESIST. 3, con- 
flictor, 1 (to be brought into collision 
with): to s. with adversity, c. cum ad- 
versa fortuna, Nep. Pel. 5: to have to s. 
with so many disadvantages, tot incom- 
modis c., Caes. B. G. 5, 35: Tac. 4. 
congrédior, 3: Join: luctari et cone 
gredi cum aliquo, Cic. Sull. 16, jin. 


5, obnitor, sus and xus, 3: fo s. 
with adversity, adversis ob., Tac. Il. 
To exert oneself greatly : 1, nitor, 


sus and xus, 3: usu. foll. by ut and 
subj.: V. TO STRIVE. Strengthened, con- 
nitor : (infants) s. to get upon their feet, 
connituntur ut sese erigant, Cic. Fin. 5, 
15, 42: also foll. by ad and ger.: Tac.: 
Curt. 2. contendo, di, tum, 3: they 
s.d (hard) to board the enemies’ ships, 
summa Vi transcendere in hostium naves 
contendebant, Caes. B. G. 3, 15. Join: 
eniti et contendere, Cic. ; (id) contendere 
et laborare, Caes. 3, pugno, 1: s. hard 


for that! illud pugna [et enitere], Cic. 


Fam. 3, 10: he s.s to overcome sleep, p. 
evincere somnos, Ov. M. 1, 685 (poet. 
constr.). 4, luctor, 1: tos. to restrain 
a laugh, risum compescere 1., Ov. Her. 
16 (17), 161. Ill. Zo strain oneself 
convulsively ; perh. nixor, 1: Virg. Aen. 
5, 279 (al. nexantem). See also TO 
STRAIN. 

struggle (subs.): |. A severe con- 
test: 1, (acris, atrox) pugna, certa- 
men, etc.: Vv. COMBAT, CONTEST. ; 
expr. by impers. pass. of pugno, I: 
there was a sharp, an obstinate s., acriter, 
atrociter pugnatum est: Caes.: Liv.: 
to carry on a hand to hand s., cominus 
(instare atque) pugnare, cf. Caes. B. C. 
I, 58, and Sall. Cat. 60. 8. luctatio 
(lit. wrestling): Cic. Ac. 2, 14, init.: 
cf. Liv. 21, 36, med., where it is used 
of men struggling to get footing on 
a slippery incline (luctamen, poet.) 

Il. 4 desperate effort: expr. by 

verb: v. TO STRUGGLE (IL.), 

strumous: strimosus: 
FULOUS. 

strumpet: scortum (coarse term), 
mérétrix: V. PROSTITUTE. 

strut (v.) : 1. expr. by incédo, ssi, 
ssum, 3 (with some qualifying word): 
see! yonder he s,s along, ipse, en, ille .... 
magnifice incedit, Liv. 2, 6, ad fin.: 
ef. magnifici incedunt, Sall. Jug. 31: 
and, superbus .... incedis, Hor. Epod. 
15, 18. Simly. Pl. has, se inferre: see 
the rascal, how he s.s along! vide igna- 
vom, ut sese infert, Pl. Mil. 4, 2, 55. 

2. perk. nitor, 3 (to denote the 

“tragic strut”): cf. Hor. A. P. 280, 
niti cothurno. (Jactare sese, to make a 
display ; do anything ostentatiously.) 

strut (swbs.): perh. *incessus magni- 
ficus: incessus qualis sese jactantium 
{superbientiuin } solet esse. 

stubble: stiptila: v. straw. A &. 
field, ager Jdemessus et] stipulis horrens 


Vv. SCRO- 


‘(R. and A.). 


stubbly; *stipulis horrens. 
stubborn : 1, pervicax (from 





“STUBBORNLY 





vinco: determined on carrying one’s 
point): to be of so s, a temper..., 
adeo p. animo esse, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 17: 
(men) of s. daring, persistent hope, 
pervicaci audacia, pertinaci spe, Apul. : 
Tac. Q, pertinax: v.OBSTINATE. 8, 
refractarius (rare): Join: contumax 
ac refractarius, Sen. Wp. 73, init. 4, 
coptiimax (stiff-necked ; defiant and un- 
yielding): arrogance and s. temper, 
arrogantia et c. animug Tac. A. 5, 3. 
Faceté: a s. syllable (not jitting into 
verse), c. syllaba, Mart. 9, 11, 12. 
stubbornly: 1. pervicaciter: Liv.: 
‘ac. 2. obstinaté, pertinaciter: v. 
FIRMLY, OBSTINATELY. 3, contima- 
citer: Cic.: Liv. (For syn. v. sTUBBORN). 
stubbornness: pervicacia, perti- 
nacia nimia s. prava, obstinatus animus: 
V. OBSTINACY. Also contiimacia (strictly 
of stubborn resistance combined with 
insolence) : persistent s. of oxen, c. pere 
vicax boum, Col. 
stucco: nearest word tectorium 
(opus): Vv. PLASTER. 
stud (subs.) : |. 4 kind of fasten- 
ing: perh. clavus, claviilus: v. NAIL. 
orl Collection of horses: 1, équaria 
(i of horses): Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. 
fin. — Q, equitium (= preced.: rare): 
Ulp. Dig. 6, 1, 1. 3. usu. better expr. 
by phr.: to keep a s., equos pascere; 
genus equinum educare ; equinum pecus 
alere: cf. Col. 6, 27: to have a s. of 
thoroughbreds, * magnum numerum ge- 
nerosorum equorum alere. 
stud (v.): chiefly in p. part., studded : 
distinguo, nxi, nctum, 3 (to adorn, set 
off; as with jewels, etc.): the sky s.d 
with stars, coelum astris distinctum [et 
ornatum], Cic. N. D. 2, 37, fin. In sim. 
sense, coelum stellis fulgentibus aptum, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 202. Studded may also 
be expr. by créber: robes s.’d with 
jewels, *creber gemmis ornatus. 
student: |. In gen. sense, one 
who studies any sulject regularly: 
Phr.: an ardent s., (xomo) summe om- 
nium doctrinarum studiosus, Cic. Fam. 
4, 3, med.: as. of music, law, rhetoric, 
(homo) musices, juris, rhetorices stu- 
diosus (v¥. DEVOTED TO): to be a s. of 
medicine, medicinae studere, Quint. 7, 2, 
17: Cic.: to be u s. of the laws of nature, 
omnium rerum vim naturam causasque 
nosse studere, Cic. de Or. I, 49, 212: to 
be as. of literature, studium operamque 
in literas conferre, cf. id. Off. 1, 6, 19: 
literis incumbere: v. TO DEVOTE (one- 
self). [J. Technically, a student at the 
university : *scholaris, schOlasticus (late 
and bad): Stat. Acad. Cant. p. 63. Stu- 
dents in arts, law, medicine, *studiosi ar- 
tium, juris, medicinae, ib. pp. 42, 43: Kr. 
gives also, *academiae civis (e Rubnk.). 
Phr.: to beu s. at the university, *literis 
in academia operam dare, navare; lite- 
rarum causa in academia versari, Herm. 
(Kr.). (N.B—The use of studiosus, 
without depend. gen., is late; but occurs 
in Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5, as the title of a work 
by the Elder Pliny, “ THe Srupent.” 
studied (part. adj.) : 1, médi- 
jatus (opp. subitus, extemporaneous ; 
also of actions, deliberate): s. injuries, 
quae meditata et praeparata inferuntur, 
Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27: s. speech, m. oratio, 
Plin. 26, 3, 7. Join: meditatus et 
cogitatus; accuratus et meditatus, Cic. 
2. commentitus: Cic. Br. 88, 301. 
3. exquisitus (carefully sought 
out): more (carefully) s. language, ex- 
quisitiora verba, Quint. 11,1, 33. Join: 
accuratius et exquisitius dicendi genus, 
Cie. Phr.: s. insults, quae consulto et 
cogitate fiunt contumeliae, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 
8, 27. 
studio: * officina seminarium 
schola pictorum (Kr.). 
studious: |. Desirous : stiididsus, 
cipidus: Vv. FOND, DESIROUS. |], Given 
to study: studiis literarum deditus; 
literarum (summe) studiosus; qui mag- 
nopere (vehementer) in literas incumbit: 
v. TO DEVOTE (oneself ). 
studiously; sttididsé (with zeal and 
care): Cic. See also sTupIOUS, 
study (subs.) : |. Close applica- 


s. 





a ST 





STUDY 


tion of the mind: 1, stidium (defined 
by Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36, as, assidua ac 
vehemens, ad aliquem rem applicata, 
magna cum voluptate occupatio, eager 
devotion of the mind): to devote one’s 8. 
to anything, alicui rei s. dare, Cic. Fam. 
4, 3, ad fin.: studium [atque operam] 
ponere in aliqua re, id. Fin. 1, init.: 
s. in aliqua re collocare, ib. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10. 
2. méditatio, study (combined with 
practice, or exercise ; esp. by way of pre- 
paration): to overcome a natural defect 
by s. and practice, naturae vitium medi- 
tatione atque exercitatione tollere, Cic. 
Div. 2, 46,96: s. of speaking, m. dicendi, 
Quint. 2, 10, 2. 3. commentatio 
(careful application of the mind to any- 
thing): subjects prepared with much s. 
and practice, locos multa c, atque medi- 
tatioue paratos, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118. 
Phr.: to give careful s. to anything, 
animum defigere et intendere in aliquam 
rem, id. Ac. 2, 15,46: animum (mentem) 
ad aliquam rem applicare, cf. Cic. Inv. 
1,25, 36: animum in aliqua re occupare, 
cf. Ter. Hec. Prol. 1, 4. See also To 
stupy. J, Literary: stidium: witb 
depend. gen.: very oft. pl. : learned and 
refined s., studium doctrinae atque hu- 
manitatis, Cic. Coel. 10, 24: cf. id. Sen. 
14, 49, pabulum studii atque doctrinae 
(hendiadys): more fully, studia doc- 
trinac, ib. § 50: and by another hen- 
diadys, studia atque literae, id. Att. 8, 
11: cultured by liberal s.s, bonis 8. atque 
artibus expolitus, id. (Nizol.): to devote 
oneself to s. or repose, se studiis vel otio 
tradere, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 7: our city is now 
distinguished for liberal s.s, urbs nostra 
liberalibus s. floret, ib. 1, 10, init.: 
Iam glad that liberal s.s thrive, juvat 
me quod vigent s., ib. 1, 13, tmit.: to 
have recourse to s. as one’s only consola- 
tion, ad unicum doloris levamentum 
studia confugere, ib. 8, 19, 1 (see also 
TO DEVOTE ONESELF). Phr.: to pass all 
one’s time in s., omne tempus inter 
pugillares [note-books) ac libellos trans- 
mittere, id. 9, 6, init.: to be engaged in 
s., libris, literis vacare (late), ib. 3, 5. 15. 
II]. 4 room devoted to the purposes of 
study: 1, best word perh. bibliéthéca : 
cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 8, parieti ejus [cubi- 
culi] in bibliothecae speciem (like a 
library or study) armarium insertum 
est, quod non legendos libros sed lecti- 
tandos capit (a book-case holding a few 
books for repeated perusal). Q. in 
certain connexions, umbraciilum (when 
the study of a man of letters is contrasted 
with the publicity of active life): cf. 
Cie. Br. 9, 37, processerat in solem et 
pulverem .... e Pheopbrasti, doctissimi 
hominis umbraculis: so umbra, Tac. A. 
14, 53, Studia in umbra educata (in the 
privacy of the study). Hence, umbra- 
tilis, umbraticus (belonging to privacy, 
to one’s private study): in-doors prac- 
tice (of speaking) in the s., exercitatio 
domestica et umbratilis, Cic. de Or. 1, 
34, 157: letters composed in the &., 
literae fut ita dicam] umbraticae, Plin. 
Ep. 9, 2,3. $, Miiséum, Gr. Movaetov 
(place devoted to the Muses, i. e. to lite- 
rature, art): Suet.Cl.42: Plin. 4, for 
this Capit. has stiidium: M. Aur. 26 
(“ Studia appellat loca in quibus eruditi 
conveniebant, communicaturi de studiis,’ 
Casaub. a.1.).  §, perh. studiorum de- 
versorium (as descriptive term; not a 
proper appellative): cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 
104. (Conclave literis, doctis studiis 
colendis destinatum: Kr.) 
study (v.): |. To apply the mind 
to anything, pursue it as an object: 
1, stiideo, ui, 2 (to devote oneself to 
anything: usu. with dat.): to s. any 
art, arti alicui s., Cic. Fam. 4, 3: to s. 
law, juri et legibus cognoscendis s., id. 
Rep. 5, 3: to s. pecuniary advantage, 
glory, etc., pecuniae, gloriae s, id. Fin. 
I, 18, 60. Also foll. by acc. and inf.: 
to s. to excel, s. sese praestare, Sall. Cat. 
init.: aud by in and acc. (infreq.) : 
to s. (aim at) one point only, in id solam 
8., Quint. ro, 2, 6. 9. incumbo, cii- 
bui, tum, 3: v. To pevore (ILL). 3. 
commentor, t (to think carefully over, 





STUFF 





. in the way of systematic study): 
they (children) begin to s. and learn 
something, iucipiunt c. aliquid et dis- 
cere, Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42: that we should 
together s. the method...., ut inter nos 
commentemur, qua ratione..., Cic. Fam. 
4, 6, fin. 4, méditor, 1: J was s.ing 
something and taking notes, meditabar 
aliqnid enotabamque, Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 1. 
Phr.: he s.'d rhetoric under Molo, * Mo 
lone rhetorices magistro usus est. ll. 
To inquire into carefully : 1, in- 
quiro, quisivi, Itum, 3: v. TO ENQUIRE 
INTO. 2, exquiro, 3: v. TO SEARCH 
OUT. 3. cognosco, névi, nitum, 3 
(to make oneself acquainted with) : 
he sets out for Egypt, to s. its anti- 
quities, Aegyptum proficiscitur, cog- 
noscendae antiquitatis, Tac. A. 2, 59: 
to s. and learn (find out by 8) 
the causes of things, rerum c. causas, 
Virg. 4, expr. by studere nosse (to 
seek to know): Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 212 
(qui studeat omnium rerum vim, natu- 
ram causasque nosse). IIL. To think 
over and prepare (a speech, etc.) for 
delivery: 1, commentor, 1: to deliver 
what he had s.’d, quae commentatus 
esset reddere, Cic. Br. 88, 301: p. part. 
in $. sense: V. STUDIED. 2. mé- 
ditor, 1 (including the act of committing 
to memory and rehearsing): to &. one’s 
brief, causam m., Cic. Att. 8, 11, extr.: 
to s. an accusation (speech Jor prosecu- 
tion), accusationem m., id. Mur. 21, 43 : 
p. part. in pass. sense: V. STUDIED. 
See also to MEDITATE. 3. paro, 1: v. 
TO PREPARE. IV. Intrans.: to be 
engaged in literary pursuits: L 
sttideo, 2 (not used, however. in the best 
authors without object expressed): v. 
supr. (1.). In later age, absol.: J re- 
plied, that I would rather s., respondi 
studere me malle, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 7: et 
pass. [N.B.—Studere literis, as in Cic. 
= to devote oneself to lilerature: stud- 
ere, absol. as in Plin. min., precisely = 
Eng. to s.} 2. by night (by candle- 
light), liicubro, 1: Cels. 1, 2, med. : Cic. 
(but as lucubro strictly denotes to burn 
candle-light, we have studendi causa 
lucubrare, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 8]. 3. 
expr. by circuml., studia exercere; ad 
studia incumbere; artes studiaque co- 
lere ; doctrinae, studiis se dedere ; liter- 
is et optimis disciplinis studere: Kr.e 
Cic. (all which phrr. refer to continued 
and systematic s., not temporary occu- 
pation in such pursuits). Phr.: to s. 
incessantly, nunquam doctrinae studia 
intermittere, Cic. Or. 10, 34: fs. ata 
university, * literarum studiis in Acade- 
mia operam dare, Herm. (Kr.): t s. 
under any one, *aliquo studiorum ma- 
gistro uti: or, with ref. to philosophical 
lectures, audire aliquem [e. g. Platonem), 
Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 67. 

stuff (swbs.) : |. Substance, mate- 
rial: matéria: Vv. MATERIAL. Pbhr.: 
he is made of the right sort of s., inest in 
hoc amussitata sua sibi ingenua indoles, 
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 37: whose hearts he 
moulded of better s., quibus meliore lato 


finxit praecordia, Juv. 14 34. Il. 
Household goods and chatteis : siipellex, 
lectilis, f.: Vv. FURNITURE. Ill. Bag- 


gage (rare): impédimenta, sarcinae: v. 
BAGGAGE. IV. Woven fabric: 1, 
textile, is, m.: Liv. 45, 35. 9, textum 
( t.): a piece of coarse s., textum rude, 
Ov. Met. 8, 641. 3. téla: Cic. Verr. 
26,59: Ov.: Ter. YY, Trash: niigae, 
gerrae, Plaut.: doctor’s s., médicamenta, 
pl.: v. pruGSs: garden s., dus, éris, n. = 
V. VEGETABLES. on 
stuff (v.): ], farcio, si, tum, 4: 
a cushion s.'d with rose-leaves, pulvinus 
rosa fartus, Cic. Verr. 5, 11, 27: @ weasel’s 
paunch s.’d with coriander, mustelae ven- 
triculus coriandro fartus, Plin. 29, 4, 16: 
s.ing themselves (with food) beyond their 
capacity, se ultra quam capiunt far- 
cientes, Sen. Ep. 108: Ae ordered rags 
to be s’d into his mouth, in os pannos 
farciri imperavit, Sen. Ira 3, 19. - 
effercio or effarcio, no perf. fertam, 4 
(rare) : s. yourselves, €. VOS, FL. Most. 1, 
I, 62. 3. infercio or infarcio, si, sum, 


STUFFING 


4 (to s. in): he fills up chinks, as it were, 
by s.ing in words, inferciens verba quasi 
Timias explet, Cic. Or. 69, 231. 4, re- 
fercio, si, tum, 4: to s. books with childish 
stories, r. libros puerilibus fabulis, id. 
N. D. 1, 13, 34. 5, sagino, 1: v. TO 
CRAM. 6. compleo, expleo, impleo, 
repleo, stipo: v. TO FILL. 7. farcino, 
1: Mart. Cap. 8. suffarcino, 1 (in 
perf. part.): s.’d with books, suffarcinati 
cum libris, Plaut. Cure. 2, 3, 19: Ter. 
Yo s.up: obtiiro, 1, oppilo: v. TOSTOP UP. 
Phr.: s.’d with food, tumidi, Hor. Epod. 
6, 61: s.d full, offarcinatus: Tert.: s.’d 
with forcemeat, insiciatus: Apic. 
stuffing : |. Theact: 1, sagina 
(a s. with food): Plaut.: Cic.: Tac. 
9, saginatio: Plin. Il. Anything 
s’d in: 1, tomentum (Jor cushions, 
etc.): he kept himself alive more than 
eight days by chewing the s. from his 
couch, mandendo e cubili tomento nonum 
ad diem se detinuit, l'ac. A. 6, 23. 2 
fartum (in cookery): Plin.: impensa 
(for sausages): Arn. 3, insicia, and 
insicium: Apic.: v. FORCEMEAT. 
stultify: to s. oneself: *stultitiae 
se arguere: *stultam, absurdam, incon- 
stantiam prae se ferre. 
stumble (subs.): |, Lit.: 1, 
pedis offensio: Cic. Div. 2, 40, 84: Plin. 
2. pes offensus. Tib. 1, 3, 20: Ov. 
Met. 10, 452. 3, lapsus: v. FALL. 
ll. Fig.: 1, offensio: that we 
may not be hindered by even a slight 
stagger or s., ut ne parvula quidem titu- 
batione aut o. impediremur, Auct. Her. 
2,8,12. Q, offensatio: s.s of memory, 
memoriae o., Sen. Ben. 5, 25. 
stumble (.): Palit: 1. of- 
fendo, di, sum, 3 (lit. to strike against) : 
who is so lynx-eyed as not to s. in such 
utter darkness ? quis est tam lynceus qui 
in tantis tenebris nihil offendat ? Cic. Fam. 
9, 2,2: your foot gave warning by s.ing 
on the threshold, pes tuus offenso limine 
signa dedit, Ov. Her. 13, 88. 2. labor: 
Vv. TO FALL. Il. Fig.: to s. upon: 
incido, cidi, casum, 3: / s.d on the man 
quite unexpectedly, homini praeter opi- 
nionem improviso incidi, Cic. Verr. 2, 
14, 182: v. TO FALLIN WITH. 


stumbler: offensator: used fig. 
Quint. Io, 3, 20. 
stumbling-block : 1. offensio : 


no s., nihil offensionis, Cic. Tim. 6. Q, 
offendictlum: only found in Plin. 9, 11. 

3. mora (hindrance): to be a s. in 
the way of his ending, etc., esse in mora 
quominus .... finiret, Liv. 30,44. 4, 
impédimentum:: Caes. B.C. 3,17. Join: 
mora et i., Liv. 23,9 5, scandilum 
(a temptation): Vulg. 1 Cor. i. 23: Tert.: 
or expr. by verbs labefacio, labefacto : 
V. OVERTEROW. 

stump: no exact equiv.: expr. by 
adj. truncus: e. g. the s. of an arm, tr. 
humeri : stipés, itis, m., a trunic or 
post (cf. Ov. Fast. 2, 642), and (sectus) 
caudex, icis, m. (cf. Virg. Georg. 2, 30), 
are nearest to our s. of a tree. Phr.: 
s. orator, contionator, Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 9. 
stun: |. Lit.: no active verb: 

to be s’d: 1. sdpior, 4: he was so 
struck by a stone that he was s.’d, im- 
pactus ita est a saxo ut sopiretur, Liv. 8, 
6: cf. id. 42, 16. 2, sttpeo, ui, 2: v. 
STUPEFY. Il. Fig. : 1, stipéfacio, 
ostupéfacio. v. sTuPEFY (II.). Oy 
attono, ui, I (rare): Ov. Met. 3,532. 3, 
consterno, perterréfacio: v. TO DISMAY. 

4. perturbo, confundo: v. TO BE- 
WILDER: stunned, attonitus: Liv. fo, 
29, med.: afflictus: s’d with grief, a. 
luctu, Cic. Phil. 9, 5: a. moerore, id. 
Cat. 1, 2: s.’d with fear, perterritus : 
Cic. : concussus: s.’d by bitter hap, casu 
c. acerbo, Virg. Aen. 5, Joo: s.’d by 
fear, c. metu mentem, ib. 12, 468: ful- 
minatus, Petr. 8, 7: (v. FRIGHTENED). 
Join: obstupefactus et p., Cic. Cat. 2, 7. 

il]. Zo weary the ears by loud talk- 
ing: 1, obtundo, tidi, tisum, 3. with 
aures, Cic. Or. 66, 221: absol., Ter. Andr. 
Bo I 18 2, tundo, tiitiidi, tunsum or 
tusum, 3: Plaut. oen. 1, 3,25: ts s.’d by 
tncessant cries, assiduis tunditur voci- 
bus, Virg. Aen. 4, 448. 

810 





STUPOR 


stunt: no exact equiv.: *natu- 
ram. incrementum, alicujus impedire, 
opprimere : to be sd, *male crevisse: 
s.d, imminutus, cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46. 

stupefaction: 1. stupor: s. over- 
whelms the eyes, oculos s. urguet, Virg. 
Georg. 3, 523. Fig.: s. and consequent 
silence kept the others in their seats, s. et 
silentium inde caeteros defixit, Liv. 6, 
40. 2, torpor: v. NUMBNESS. 

stupefy : no active verb in lit. sense : 

1, stiipeo, ui, 2 (to be s/d): lit, 

Cic. Verr. 5, 36,95: Plin. 27, 2, 2: fig., 
Cic. Fin. 2, 23, jin.: Liv. 6, 38: and 
poets. 2. obstipesco, ui, 3: the body 
ts s.d, corpus 0., Plin. 36, 7, 11: bees 
are sd, apes o., Varr. R. R. 3, 16. 
Fig.: to s., obstupéfacio, féci, factum, 
3: he sd the foe by the very miracle of 
his ooldness, ipso miraculo audaciae o. 
hostes, Liv. 2,10. 3, stiip&facio: esp. 
in part. perf.: you are s.d at the sight 
of your own shape, spectas tuam stupe- 
facta figuram, Ov. Her. 14,97. 4, per- 
turbo: v. TO BEWILDER. 9, consterno: 
V.TODISMAY. 6, exdnimo: v. TO KILL. 
Stupefied : torpens: s. by fear, t. metu, 
Liv. 28, 29: obstupidus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 
39: stupidus: Auct. Her. 4, 52, 65: v. 
stun, Il. stuNNED: to be sd: obstu- 
pesco, stupesco, Cic.: torpeo: I am 
utterly s.’d, totus t., Plaut. Am.1, 1, 179: 
they are ail s.'d as it were both in mind 
and body by fear, stupor omnium animos 
ac velut torpor insolitus membra tenet, 
Liv. 9, 2. 

stupendous: permirus, Cic.: admi- 
rabilis: s. impudence, a. impudentia, 
Cic. Phil. 3,7, 18: mirissimus, immanis, 
ingentissimus: Vv. WONDERFUL, MARVEL- 
LOUS, VAST, HUGE. 

stupendously: admirabiliter: mi- 
randum in mdodum, Cic.: immané 
quantum. 

stupid: 1, stélidus: no stone is 
more s. than this man, nullum hoc sto- 
lidius est saxum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 33: 
s. self-confidence, s. fiducia, Liv. 34, 46. 

2. stipidus: a s. husband, s. ma- 

ritus, Mart. 11,7. 3, bardus: Join: 
Zopyrus said that Socrates was s., Z. 
stupidum esse Socratem dixit et b., Cic. 
Fat. 5, 10. 4, hébes, étis (dull) : 
annoyances have made me s., me h. mo- 
lestiae reddiderunt, Cic. Att. 9, 17, 2: 
$s. as a beast, aeque hebes ac pecus, 


poet. in Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45. Join: ob- 
tusi et hebetes, Cic. Frag. 5, stultus 
(gen. term): Vv. FOOLISH. 6, socors, 


dis: as. disposition, s. ingenium, Tac. A. 
13,47. Join: stolidi ac s., Liv. 9, 34. 
7. amens: rare in this sense: see 
Cic. Vierr. Act. 1, 3,7, and ib: § 5: 
8, fatuus: v. SILLY. 9, britus: 
Vv. IRRATIONAL. 10, obtiisus: v. DULL. 
11. désipiens, insipiens: v. FOOLISH, 
UNWISE. 12. ineptus (in bad taste), 
inconsultus, impridens (indiscreet), may 
be used with reference to particular 
actions. 13. insulsus (insipid, of 
speeches, etc.) : Cic. 14, laevus: how 
s. IT am! O ego 1., Hor. A. P. 3or. 
Phr.: s. as a post, stipes, Ter. Heaut. 
5, I, 4: asinus may be similarly used. 
stupidity : 1, stiipor: but mark 
the s. of the man, or, I should say, the 
beast, sed s. hominis vel dicam pecudis 
attendite, Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 3o. 2. sti- 
piditas: astonishing s., incredibilis s., 
Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 80. 8, stultitia: v. 
FOLLY. 4, tarditas and tarditas in- 
genli: Vv. SLOWNESS. 5, sodcordia : 
whenever she charged any one with s. 
she would say he was a greater fool than 
her son Claudius, si quem socordiae ar- 
gueret stultiorem aiebat filio suo CL, 
Suet. Claud. 3. G6, amentia: v. Mab- 
NEss. 7, fatuitas. §, stdliditas (late). 
9, insulsitas: v. rstprmpiry. Yo act 
with s., stulte facere, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 
20: insulse f., Cic. Att. 15, 4. 
stupidly: 1, stolidé: Liv. 2, 


stulté: Plaut.: Liv.: Cic. 3. insi- 
pienter: Plaut.: Cic. 4, inepté: Hor. : 
Cie. 5, insulsé: Cic. For shades of 


meaning, Vv. STUPID. 
stupor: stiipor: torpor: v. STUPE- 
FACTION : leéthargia: v. LETHARGY. 











STYPTIC 





1, constanter: Caes. : 
Cic.: Hor.: Suet. 2. firmé: Cic.: 
Suet.: Quint. 8, fortiter: Cic.: Caes.: 
Hor. 4, pertinaciter, obstinate (stwb- 
bornly): Suet. §, fidenter, confidenter: 
a 6, audacter (boldly): Caes.: Cic.: 

iv. 

sturdiness : J. Lit.: — 1, fir- 
mitas: Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 63. Q. vires, 
ium, f.: V.STRENGTH. |], Fig.: ro- 
bur: fortitido: constantia: firmitas: 
confidentia: fidentia: audacia: vy. 
STRENGTH, FIRMNESS, RESOLUTION, CON- 
FIDENCE. 

sturdy: |. Lit.: strong, stout, 
hard: 1, validus: a s. old oak, v. 
annoso robore quercus, Virg. Aen. 4, 
447. 2. firmus: a s. tree, f. arbor, 
Ov. A. A. 2, 652. 3. rObustus: a s. 
delver, r. fossor, Virg. Georg. 2, 264: @ 
large and s. frame, corpore amplo et r., 
Suet. Tib. 68. 4, fortis: s. oxen, tauri 
f.. Virg. G. 1, 65. ll. Fig.: resolute, 
obstinate:  , fortis: it is the charac- 
teristic of a s. and self-possessed man 
not to be bewildered in critical circwm- 
stances, fortis et constantis est non per- 
turbari in rebus asperis, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 
80. 2. robustus: characteristics of a 
more s. villany, quae robustioris impro- 
bitatis sunt, id. Phil. 2, 25, 63. Join: 
r. et stabilis: s. cowrage, r. et st. forti- 
tudo, id. Tuse. 4, 23. 8. obstinatus, 
pervicax: v. STUBBORN. 4, fidens: v. 
CONFIDENT. 5, impavidus: v. FEAR- 
LESS. 

sturgeon: Acipenser, éris and 4ci- 
pensis, is, m.: Linn.: Cic. Tuse. 3, 18, 43. 

stutter (subs.): os balbum: ef. Hor. 
Ep. 2, 1,126. With a s., balbé: Lucr. 5, 
1022: Vv. STAMMER (subs.), IMPEDIMENT. 

stutter (v.): balbitio, 4, titibo, 1, 
frigiitio, 4: v. TO STAMMER, 

stutterer: balbus (adj.): v. stam- 
MERER, 

sty: |. Pen for swine: 1, hara: 
brought from a s. not a school, Epicurus 
noster ex h. productus non e schola, 
Cic. Pis. 16, 37. Q, suile: Col. 4, 9, 14. 

I]. A tumour in the eyelid: it 

hordeolus: Mare. Empir. 8. Q, crithé, 
f.: Cels..9, 7. 

style (subs.): 


sturdily: 


|, Lit.: Instrument 


for writing on waxen tablets: stilus: , 


often use the upper end of the s. (i. e. 
erase), saepe stilum vertas, Hor. Sat. 1, 
Io, 73: cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 41, Iol. Il. 
Fig: kind or manner. 1, génus, 
eris, n. (esp. of speaking or writing): 
Cic..Q. Fr: 3} 4;/4/2 id) Of apenas pete: 
Quint. 10, 1, 94, etc.: s. of food, cibi g., 
Caes. B. G. 4, 1: 8S. of fighting, s. 
pugnae, ib. 1, 48: in the ancient s. of 
(mural) architecture, antiquae struc- 
turae genere, Liv. 22, 11. 92. stilus 
(only of writing, etc.): Plin. Ep. 1, 8: 
Suet. Tib. 70. {N.B.—Used of indivi- 
duals, Nor of nations or communities. ] 

3, dratio (s. of oratory): with qua- 
lifying adj.: Quint. ro, 1, 8t: Cic. Orat. 
20, 66, ete. 4, sermo, Onis, m. (of 
language): Cic. Att. 7, 3: Quint. fo, 1, 
82: Plin. Ep. 1, to. §, ratio, f.: new 
s.s of warfare, novae rationes bellandi, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 50: Vv. METHOD, KIND. 

6. filum (of speech): a subtle s. 
of argument, tenue f. argumentandi, 
Cic. Or. 36, 124. 7, mos, moOris, m. : 
Vv. FASHION. 8, habitus, ts, m. (of 
dress or appearance): s. of dress, vests 
h., Liv. 24, 5, imit.: s. of face, h. oris, 


ib. ad fin. 9, modus; v. WAY, 
MANNER. 

style (v.): appello, 1: Cic.: Caes.. 
Liv.: nuncupo, 1: Cie.; Suet.: ndmino, 


1: Cic.: v6co, 1: Cic:: Hor: dico, 3: 
poet., and Quint.: v. TO CALL, TO NAME. 

stylish: magnificus, spécidsus: v. 
SHOWY, FASHIONABLE. 

stvptic: 1, medicamentum quod 
sanguinem sistit, cf. Plin. 20, 7, 25: or, 
quod sanguinem cobibet, cf. id. 22, 25, 
"1. Q, astrictorius (astringent) + Plin. 
24, 13, 71: App. Barb. Herb. 25, men- 
tions a plant called “ haemostasis,’’ hay- 
ing the power of stopping hemorrhages 
through its astringent quality. 3, 
stypticus: Plin 24, 13, 73. 


SUASTON 


suasion: suasio, Cic.; suasus, ts 
(the latter chiefly in abl. or acc. after 
prep.): by force or by s., per vim vel 
per suasum, Ulp.: see also PERSUA~- 
SION. 
suavity: suavitas, atis, fi: s. of 
speech and manners, s. sermonum atque 
morum, Cic. Am. 18, 66. Join: sua- 
vitas et dulcedo, Plin.; v. PLEASANT~- 
NESS, AGREEABLENESS. 
subaltern (adj.): inférior, sécund- 
us: V, SURORDINATE. 
subaltern (subs.): |. Milit. ¢. ¢.: 
an officer below the rank of captain: 
optio: Varr. L. L. 5, gt: (ct. is adjutor 
dabatur centurioni a tribuno militum, 
Fest. s. v.). 9. succentiirio: Liv. 8, 
8. I]. Gen.: one who acts under 
another: minister: cf. Tac. Agr. 8, 3: 
V. SUBORDINATE, 
subdivide: expr. by divido, 3. 
partior, 4: partio, distribuo, 3: v. 
TO Divipe. (N.B.—Nor subdivide, etc.) 
subdivision : |. The process : 
*exactior paititio: *exactior, subtilior, 
divisio. Il. @he part: pars, rtis, f.: 
there is another division which again 
falls naturally into three s.s, altera est 
divisio, quae in tres p, et ipsa discedit, 
Quint. 12, 10, 58: each emotion has se- 
veral s.s of the same kind, singulis per- 
turbationibus p. ejusdem generis subjic- 
iuntur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16. 
subdue: |. Zo make subject: 
1, subjicio, 3: v. To suBJECT. 
rédigo, égi, actum, 3: to s. Gaul to the 
of the Roman people, Galliam sub 
P. R. imperium r., Caes. B. G. 5, 29. 
3. subjungo, xi, ctum, 3: he sd 
many cities to the imperial sway of the 
R. P., multas urbes sub imperium P. R. 
ditionemque subjunxit, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
oe 4, stbigo, égi, actum, 3: tos.a 
third of the world, tertiam partem orbis 
terrarum s., Cic. Rose. Am. 36, 103: to 
$. cities and nations, urbes atque na- 
tiones s., Sall. C. 2: Britain has been 
discovered and s.d, inventa Britannia 
et subacta, Tac. Agr. 33: to s. the earth 
with iron, s. terram ferro, Cic. Leg. 2, 
18, 45. Il. Zo bring under oneself : 
1, ddmo, ui, itum, 1: tos. the soil 
with harvows, terram rastris d., Virg. 
Aen. 9, 608: to keep one’s passions s.d, 
domitas habere libidines, Cic. de Or. 1, 
43, 194. 2. débello, 1 (to s. by war: 
Tare): tos. the proud, d. superbos, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 854. 3, opprimo, 3: vinco, 3: 
sapéro, I: V. TO SUPPRESS, CONQUER, 
OVERCOME. Or expr. by suae ditionis 
facere, cf. Liv. 21, 53, ad fin.: in potes- 
tatem suam redigere: in ditionem suam 
T.: Vv. TO REDUCE. 4, cdhibeo, 2: 
coerceo, 2: refraeno, 1: frango, 3: Vv. 
TO RESTRAIN: to s. thoroughly, perd- 
mo, I, dévinco, 3. Phr.: a s.d style of 
oratory, summissa oratio, Cic. de Or. 2, 
43, 183: in a s.d voice, suppressa voce, 
Cic. Sull. 10, 39: s.d spirits, animus 
jacens, Cic. Am. 16, 59. 
subjacent: 1, subjectus: Liv. 
2. subjacens: Plin.: v. ADJACENT. 
subject (adj.): |, Brought under: 
1, subjectus: s. to you, s. tibi, Plin. 
Pan. 24: s. to and dependent on you, 8. 
atque obnoxii vobis, Liv. 4, 30, ad init.: 
to spare the s., parcere subjectis, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 854. 9. dicto audiens: Liv. 5, 
3, ad fin, : V. OBEDIENT. 38, subditus 
(rare): s. to Pluto’s sway, Plutonis s. 
regno, Tib. 4, 1, 67. Or expr. by the 
verb, v. TO suBJECT. Phr.: to become 
completely s. to the king, sub jus judi- 
ciumque regis venire, Liv. 39, 24, med. 
I]. Exposed or liable: 1. ob- 
noxius: s. to disease, 0. morbo, Plin. 17, 
24: s. to insults, o. contumeliis, Suet. 
Tib. 63. 2. subjectus. daily and 
hourly more s. to envy, snbjectior in 
diem et horam invidiae, Hor. Sat. 2, 6, 
47: s. to (of a particular disease), is 
sometimes expr. by the termination 
-dsus: e. g.s. to the gripes tormindsus, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 12. 27. Phr.: human 
affairs are s. to chance, habet mortalia 
casus, Lucan 2, 13: to be s. to the will 
of another, alieni arbitrii esse, Suet. 
Claud. 2: to be s. to punishment, poenai 








SUBJECTION 





SUBMISSIVE 





teneri, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5: your mistress 
will be s. to your cognizance, notitiae 
suberit amica tuae, Ov. A. A. 1, 398: 
the s.-matter of the discussion, materia 
ad argumentum subjecta, Cic. Part. 11, 
38: the s.-matler of philosophy, subjecta 
quasi materia sapientiae, Cic. de Fin. 3, 
1g. [{N.B.—The quasi is important.] 
The s.-matter of a speech, materia ora- 
tionis, Cic. de Or. 2, 34,145: to furnish 
s.-matter for discussion, materiam ser- 
monibus praebere, Tac. H. 4, 4: V. 
MATTER. 
subject (subs.): |, 4 person under 
dominion: 1, privatus: Plin. Pan. to: 
he seemed greater than a s. while ina 
ss rank, major privato visus dum p. 
fuit, Tac. H. 1, 49. As /em. privata 
(mulier), Hor. Od. 1, 37, extr. 9. sub- 
jectus: valour and high spirit in s.s are 
offensive to rulers, virtus ac ferocia sub- 
jectorum ingrata imperantibus, Tac. Agr. 
31. 3, civis: as a king to his s.s, ut 
rex civibus suis, Cic. ap. Augustin.: @ 
good s., civis bonus, Cic.: an excellent 
and most loyal s., civis optimus atque 
fidelissimus, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 6. 4, pa- 
rentes (pl.): Sall. J. 102: what with 
disloyal s.s and unjust rulers, inter 
male parentes et injuste imperantes, 
Tac. Agr. 32. Or expr. by adj. or verb: 
e.g., wishes to have foreign nations loyal 
allies ruther than wretched s.s, malit 
exteras gentes fide et societate junctas 
habere quam tristi subjectas servitio, Liv. 
26, 49. ||. A matter or theme: 1, res, 
réi (réi, Lucr.), f.: an important s., Y. 
magna, Cic. Rull. 2, 41: as. of dispute, 
r. controversa, id. Leg. 1, 20, 52: or, 
id de quo agitur, disseritur, ef. id. Acad. 
4, 6,18: the s. of our enquiry, id quod 
quaerimus, id. Off. 1, 4, 14: i the 
speaker be not master of his s., si res 
non subest (orationi) ab oratore per- 
cepta et cognita, id. de Or. 1, 12, 50: 
V. DISCUSSION, ARGUMENT, ENQUIRY. For 
s.-matter, v. adj. Il. Phr.: they have 
led me from the s., abstulerunt me 
velut de spatio, Liv. 35, 40. 9. argu- 
mentum: the s. of a letter, a. epistolae, 
Cic. Att. 10,13: thes. (or plot) of a play, 
poem, etc., fabulae, carminis a., Plaut.; 
‘Ter.: Liv. 7,2: the s. (of a work of art), 
a., Cic.: Ov.: Virg.: s. of a picture by 
Parrhasius, Parrhasii tabulae a., Suet. 
Tib. 44. 3, ldcus (pl. loci in this 
sense), (strictly a point or division of a 
subject): an extensive s., |. longe lateque 
patens, Cic. Or. 21, 72: the s. has been 
clearly stated, 1. perpurgatus est, Cic. de 
Div. 2, 1, 2. 4, quaestio: the nature 
of the gods is a very hard and obscure s., 
perdifficilis et perobscura est q. de na- 
tura deorum, Cic. N. D. 1, 1, 1. Phr.: 
to change the s., sermonem alio trans- 
ferre, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133. 5, ma- 
téria (of a book): Plin. Ep. 1, 2. Ill. 
(Logic and grammat.): that of which 
any thing is predicated : 1, subjec- 
tum, Mart. Cap. 92. pars subjectiva, 
Appul. |V. Medic. ¢.¢.; perh. *corpus 
or *corpus mortui incidendum, conse- 
candum, V. A bad fellow: a bad 
subject (Fr mauvais sujet), homo per- 
ditus, nebulo; Cic.: Hor. 
subject (v-): |. Zo place under : 
1 subjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: men s. 
themselves to the authority of another, s. 
62 homines imperio alterius et potestati, 
Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22: v. TO SUBMIT. 2. 
suppono, pdsui, positum, 3: Ov. Fast. 
I, 306- Pers. 5, 36. 3, substituo, ui, 
iitum, 3 ¢ they were sd to the charge, s. 
crimini, Plin. Ep. 6, 31: v. TO SUBDUE, 
REDUCE. Phr.: (the human race) s.’d 
itself to laws and strict codes, sponte 
sua cectdit sub leges artaque jura, Luer. 
5, 1147. I]. Zo expose: obnoxium 
reddo, didi, ditum, 3 subjicio, 3. v. TO 
Exposk. Phr. the body was s.’d toa 
thousand msults, corpus plurimis ludi- 
briis vexatum, ‘l'ac. Hist. 1, 49. 
subiection : |. The act of bring- 
ing under: Expr. by verb. Il. The 
stale of a subject: patientia, Tac. Agr. 
16: servitus, 7.: Liv. Phr.: to holdin 
s., in officio continere, Caes. B, G. 3, 11: 
to hold men in forcible s., vi oppressos 


imperio coercere, Cic. Off. 2, 9, 24: 
to reduce to s., not slavery, jam domiti 
ut pareant non ut serviant, Pac. Agr. 
Fs 

subjective: no equiv. word. Expr 
by refl. prons. and ipse, sometimes by 
poss. prons. or proprius, or by Phr.. a 
writer of the 8. school, * scriptor subjec- 
tivus, quem dicunt; *qui potius mentis 
statum habitumque quam res externas 
describere, ob oculos ponere, studet. 

subjectively : . Un gramm. 
and log.) subjectivé: Mart. Cap. Il. 
(In metaphysics and gen.): no equiv 
V. SUBJECTIVE. 

subjectivity : *studium, ingenium, 
tractandi proprias res: or * st. ing. ad- 
mittendi nibil extrinsecus. 

subjoin: subjungo, 3, subjicio, 3, 
suppono, 3: Cic.: subtexo, 3: Liv : sub- 
necto, 3: Quint.: v. TO ADD. 

subjugate: sibigo, 3, démo, 1. v. 
TO SUBDUE. 

subjunctive (gramm. ¢. t.): the s. 
mood, subjunctivus médus, Diom.: ad- 
junctivus médus, Dieom.: conjunctivus 
modus, or conjunctivus only, Mart. Cap. 

sublimate, sublimation (chem. 
t. t.): *sublimatum. 

sublime (aj.): |. Lit.: altus, 
celsus: V. HIGH. ll. Fig.: i Fe 
excelsus: these are the works of a great 
and s. spirit, haec sunt opera magni 
animi et e., Cic. Otf. 1, 23, 81: you have 
naturally s. tastes and aspirations, te 
natura excelsum quendam et altum et 
humana despicientem genuit, id. Tuse 
2, 4, 11: a lofty and s. orator, orator 
grandis et quodammodo e., id. Or. 34, 
119. 9, élatus: a s. spirit, animus 
magnus et e., id. Off. 1, 18, 61. wy 
divinus: a s. orutor, homo in dicendo 
d., id. de Or. 1, 10, 40: he made a 
Ss. panegyric on my conduct, oiavic 
res nostras d. landibus, id. Fam. 2, 
15: s. skill, d. solertia, id. de Nat. 1, 
20, 53: 4, grandis (of style): id. 
Quint.: they were s. in diction, gr. erant 
verbis, Cic. Brut. 7, 29. 5, sublimis: 
as. style, s. dicendi genus, Quint. 11, 18: 
a@ s. churacter, s. et erectum ingeninm, 
Tac. Agr. 4: your s, mind, mens tua s., 
Ov. Pont. 3, 3, 103: S. poems, Ss. carmina, 
Juv. 7,28. Phr.: to entertain as. con- 
tempt for, aliquid excelso animo Magno- 
que despicere, Cic. de Off. 2, 10, ad jin. 

sublimely ; excelsé, sublate, divini- 
tus: Cic. 

sublimity : 1, élatio, f. (of mind 
and style): s. of style, elatio atque alti- 





tudo orationis, Cic. Brut. 17, 66. re 
excelsitas, f.: s. of mind, excelsitas 
animi, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 24- 8. subli- 


mitas, f. (of style): Quint. 1, 8,5: the 
s. of a steadfast mind, s. invicti animi, 
Plin. 7, 25, 26. Join: sublimitas et 
magnificentia et nitor, Quint. 8, 3, 3. 

sublunary : 1, terrestris, e 
(earthly): s. creatures have transient 
lives allotted to them, terrestria mortales 
animas vivunt sortita, Hor. S. 2, 6, 94. 

9. mortalis, e (human): or expr. 

by infra lunam: all s. things are perish- 
able and fleeting, infra lunam nibil est 
nisi mortale et caducum, Cic, Som. Se. 4. 

submarine: submersus: s. crea- 
tures, s. belluae, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 100. 

submerge : |. To dip under 
water: submergo, si, sum, 3, Cic.: dé- 
mergo, 3: Vv. TO SINK (B.). Il. To 
cover with water: esp. in pass.: Inundo, 
I; V. TO DELUGE. 

submersion: submersio: Arn.: 
submersus, as: Tert.: better expr. by 
verb: V. TO SUBMERGE, 

submission : |. The act of sub- 
mitting : expr. by verb: or objectively 
by ditio, pdtestas, etc.: to tender @ 
voluntary s., voluntate concedere in 
ditionem Liv. 28, 7. Phr.: nothing 
was left for themselves but compulsory 
S., penes ipsos tantum servitii necessitas 
erat, Tac. Hist. 2, 6. Il. The state: 
temptratio, Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42: obéedi- 
entia, obséquium, patientia : v. SUBJEC- 
TION, L., OBEDIENCE, ALLEGIANCE. 

submissive : 1, submissus: 3 
states, s. civitates, Hirt. B. G. 8, 31° in 

811 


SUBMISSIVELY 


SUBSIDE 


SUBSTANTTAT 





as. tone, s. voce, Ov. Met. 7, go. Oh 
obnoxius, Liv. 7, 30: Sall. C. 14. a 
obséquens, obséquidsus (in a disparaging 
sense), Plaut. 4, supplex, icis: to 
show mercy to the wretched and s., in 
miseros et s. misericordia uti, Caes. B. G. 
2, 28: cf. Tac. A. 1,44. 5, Obédiens: 
dicto audiens: v. OBEDIENT. 
submissively ; patienter, submisse 
(no superl.), mébdeste, Cic.: 6bedienter : 
V. OBEDIENTLY. 
submit: |. 70 place oneself under : 
1, submitto, si, ssum, 3: with 7efl. 
pron. (ot moral submission): fo s. to the 
degradation of pleading as a criminal, 
s.se ad humilitatem causam dicentium, 
Liv. 38, 52: tos. to misfortunes, s. ani- 
mos ad calamitates, Liv. 23, 25: to s. to 
love, animos amoris., Virg. Aen. 4, 414. 
9, subjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: with 
refl. pron.: you have voluntarily s.’d to 
the laws, ipse te legibus subjecisti, Plin. 
Pan. 64: to s.to another’s authority, s. se 
sub alicujus potestatem, Auct. Her. 2, 31, 
50. 3. cédo, ssi, ssum, 3: tos. to for- 
tune, c. fortunae, Sall. C. 34. 4, con- 
cédo : Caes. B.G.1, 4: ib. 4,7: Liv. 6, 6: 
Vv. TO YIELD, SURRENDER. 5, siibeo, 
ii, itum, 4: to s. to the authority of a 
civilian, togati potentiam s., Cic. Fam. 
6, 1, 6: tos. to conditions, s. conditiones, 
Tac. H. 4,65: that towns sd to the re- 
nown of your name, oppida sub titulo 
Nominis isse tui, Ov. Pont. 2, 1, 50. 
6. pareo, ui, itum, 2: fo s. to the 
laws, legibus p., Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40. 
Join: tos.to another's will, obedire et 
p. alicujus voluntati, Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 19: 
to s. to necessity, necessitati p., Cic. Or. 
60, 202. 7. obtempéro, 1: to s. to 
another’s will, o. yoluntati alicujus, 
Caes-By (Ci 15) 35: 8. perféro, tii, 
latum, 3: to s. to all kinds of indig- 
nities and insults, omnes indignitates 
et contumelias p., Caes. B. G. 2, 14: v. 
TO ENDURE. Comp. in ditionem venire, 
Liv. 32, 31: in arbitrium ac pote tatem 
venire, Cic. Verr. 1, §7, 150: to s. them- 
selves to his authority and protection, in 
fidem et potestatem venire, Caes. B.G.2, 
13: the Gauls s.'d to the sovereign sway 
of the Roman people, Galli sub P. R. 
imperium ditionemque ceciderunt, Cic. 
Font. 1,2: that he should s. to the Senate 
and Roman people, ut sit in S. P. Q. R. 
potestate, Cic. Phil. 6, 2. Il. 70 con- 
descend: 1, démitto, si, ssum, 3: with 
refl. pron.: to s. to use flattery, d. se in 
adulationem, Tac. A. 15, 73. 9. de- 
scendo, di, sum, 3: tos. to use all Icinds 
of entreaties, preces d. in omnes, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 782. Wl. Zo lay before: ré- 
féro, rétuli, rélatum, 3: with prep. ad 
V. TO REFER. 
subordinate (dj. and subs.): J, 
subjectus: who learns what to do or 
how to act from a@ §., qui quid aut 
qualiter faciendum ab s. discit, Col. 
i 2; 4, 9, minister: as a s., ut 
minister, Tac. Agr. 8. Vv. SUBALTERN, 
suBJEcT (adj.), I. 8, sécundus: to 
play a s. part, partes tractare secundas, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14: @ s. actor, adjutor 
possit qui partes ferre secundas, Hor. S. 


I, 9,46: actor qui est secundarum aut | 


tertiarum partium, Cic. Div. in Caec. 15, 
48. 4. inférior: s. ranks, i. ordines, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 46. Or expr. by subsum : 
the particular is that which is s. to the 
general, pars est quae subest generi, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 22, 32: V. TO SUBORDINATE. 
subordinate (v.): 1, subjicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3: there is acertain number 
of forms which may be s.d to each class, 
formarum certus est mumerus quae 
cuique generi subjiciantur, Cic. Top. 8, 
33: sloth, shame, and dread are s. to 
fear, sub metum subjeeta sunt pigritia 
pudor terror, Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16. 2. 
suppono, posui, positum, 3: fo this class 
Hermagoras s.d four divisions, huic 
generi Hermagoras quatuor partes s., 
Cic. Inv. 1,9, 12. Phr.: tos. one’s pri- 
vate requirements to public interests, 
reipublicae commoda privatis necessi- 
tatibus potiora habere, Caes. B.C. 1, 8. 
subordination : |, Lit.: dis- 
crimen, inis, n. (in pl.), or gradiis: e. g., 
812 











s. of rank, d. or g. ordinum (Kr.): or 
expr. by adj. or v. Il. Moral: 1. 
mdodestia: to look for s.in a soldier, in 
milite modestiam desiderare, Caes. B. G. 
7, 52: s. of the soldier, m. militaris, 
Tac. A. 1, 35. Q,. disciplina: to main- 
tain strict s. among soldiers, severe re- 
gere d. militarem, Suet, Caes. 48. ot 
obséquium (obedience), Tac. A. 3, 12. 
Join: obsequium et modestia, Tac. Agr. 
42: or expr. objectively by imperium, 
auctoritas, etc.: to administer a magis- 
tracy in s. to another, ex auctoritate ali- 
cujus gerere magistratum, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 
med.: want of s. among the soldiers, 
petulantia castrorum, Tac. Agr. 16, 
extr.: V. DiSCIPLINE, SUBMISSION (II.). 

suborn: 1, subjicio, jéci, jectum, 
3 (gen. in pass.): L. Metellus is s.’d by 
Caesar’s enemies to frustrate the busi- 
ness, subjicitur L. Metellus ab inimicis 
Caesaris qui hane rem distrahat, Caes. 
B. C. 1, 33: witnesses are s.’d, testes s., 
Quint. 5,7,12. 2, siiborno, 1: a false 
witness ts usually s.’d, fictus testis sub- 
ornari solet, Cic. Caecin. 35, 71: he will 
s.a physician as informer, medicum in- 
dicem s., id. Deiot. 6, 17: cf. Liv. 42, 
15: s.’d to bring charges, subornati cri- 
minibus, Liv. 38, 43. 3, immitto, si, 
ssum, 3: he s.’d Suilius to accuse, Sui- 
lium accusandis utrisque i., Tac. A.11, I. 

4. comparo, 1: they s.’d six tribunes 

to interpose their veto, sex tribunos ad 
intercessionem c., Liv. 4, 48, med. 

subpoena (subs.) : denuntiatio testi- 
monii, Cic. Flacc. 6, 14. 

subpoena (v.): denuntio testimo- 
nium alicui, Cic. Rose. Am. 38, 110: cf. 
me tuis familiarissimis in hance rem tes- 
timonia denuntiaturum, id. Verr. 1, 19, 
51: denuntio (abs.), id. Flacc. 15, 35: 
cf. Quint. 5, 7, 9, duo genera sunt testium, 
aut voluntariorum, aut eorum, quibus 
in jndiciis publicis lege denuntiari solet : 
Vv. TO SUMMON. 


subscribe: |. 70 affix one’s sig- 


nature : 1. subscribo, psi, ptum, 3, 
usu. abs., without nomen: Cic.: Suet. 
Ner. 10: with dat. Ulp. [{N.B.—Cic. 


uses this verb in the sense of to write 
under, or as the legal t. ¢., to subscribe 
one’s name to an accusation either as a 
principal or subordinate.) Transf.: 
to assent to s. to the hatred and charges 
against Hannibal, s. odiis accusationi- 
busque Hannibalis, Liv. 33, 47: cf. id. 
10,22. 2, subndto,1: tos. one’s name, 
nomen s., Suet. Cal. 41. 3. subsigno, 
1: Paul.: v. TO SIGN. Il. To wnder- 
take to give or buy: * nomine subscripto 
profiteri se daturum, empturum: fo s. 
to a bool, * libri emptorem se profiteri 
(nominis subscriptione), Georg. : persons 
can s. till the end of June, * nomen pro- 
fiteri poterunt empturi usque ad finem 
mensis Junii, Georg. 

subscriber : subscriptor: Cic.: *qui 
nomen subnotat, subsignat. Phr.: s. to 
a book, *emptorem libri se profitens o7 
professus, Georg. 

subscription: |. The act: sub- 
scriptio, subsignatio: Paul. in Dig. 
Phr.: the s. is open till the end of 
June, *nomen profiteri poterunt emp- 
turi usque ad finem mensis Junii, Georg. 

||. A sum promised or paid: collatio, 

Cic.: collecta, id. de Or. 2, 54, 233: Vv. 
CONTRIBUTION. 

subsequent: séquens, postérior, 
sérior: V. FOLLOWING, LATE (comp.). 

subsequently : postea, deinde: v. 
AFTER, AFTERWARDS, NEXT. 

subserve ; commodo, 1: obséquor, 3: 
inservio, 4: subvénio, 4: Vv. TO SERVE, 
AID, ASSIST. 

subservient: obséquens, obséqui- 
Osus, obnoxius: servitio promptus, 
Tac. A. 1,2: V. SUBMISSIVE: commdodus, 
Utilis, minister: Vv. CONDUCIVE. 

subside: 1, résido, sédi, 3: after 
the panic s.d, postquam r. terror, Liv. 
35, 38: when their passion had s.'d, 
cum irae resedissent, Liv. 2, 29: after 
the excitement s.d, cum tumor animi re- 
sedisset, Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 36: the sea s.s, 
maria .... in se ipsa residunt, Virg. G. 
2, 480: all the wind 3.3, omnis(que) re- 








pente resedit flatus, id. Aen. 7.27. Q, 
consido, 3: madness s.s, furor c., Cic. 
Acad. 2, 27,88: the high spirits induced 
by success s., ferocia ab re bene gesta c., 
Liv. 42, 62: the swelling waves s., tumidi 
considunt fluctus, Sil. 17, 291. 3, ré- 
mitto, si, ssum, 3: if the wind had 
chanced to s., si forte ventus remisisset. 
Caes. B.C. 3, 26: (with ref pron.), that 
Srenzy s.s, se furor ille r., Ovid. H. 4, 56: 
pain and inflammation s., dolor et in- 
flammatio r.,Cels. 4,24, ad fin. : (in pass.), 
Fevers s., febres r., Cels. 3, 12. . sub- 
sido, 3: animation of style s.s, impetus 
dicendi s., Quint. 3, 8,60. 5, décresco, 
crévi, crétum, 3 (of waters): Ov. M. 1, 
345: Hor. Od. 4, 7, 3: fever s.s, febris d., 
Cels. 3, 6. 6. cado, cécidi, casum: 
the violence of the gale quite s.d, venti 
vis omnis cecidit, Liv. 26, 29. 7, de- 
fervesco, fervi, 3: until their anger s., 
dum defervescat ira, Cic. Tusc. 4, 36 fin. 
subsidence: expr. by v. TO SUBSIDE. 
subsidiary: subsidiarius (milit. ¢.t.) : 
s. cohorts, s. cohortes, Caes. B. C. 1, 83: 
Liv. 9,27: Tac. A. 1, 63: to bes. (gen.), 
subsidio esse, Caes. B. G.2, 20: Vv. USEFUL. 
subsidize: pecunias conferre, Suet. 
Caes. 19: pecunias suppeditare, Cic.Q. Fr. 
Ds a 3: auxilium mittere, Caes. B. G. 
1, 18. 
subsidy: 1, collatio(money granted 
to a ruler): Liv. 4, 60: Plin. Pan. 41. 
2. collecta: to ask a guest fora s., 
a conviva exigere, Cic. de Or, 2, 57, 233. 
3. subsidium (aid): Caes,: Cic.: 
Liv.: Tac.: v. AID. 
subsist: 1, consto, stiti, statum 
or statum, 1: if mind can s. indepen- 
dently of body, si mens constare potest 
vacans corpore, Cic. N. D. 1, 10, 25. 
2. consisto, stiti, stitum, 3: the 
right cannot s., nequit c. rectum, Hor. S. 
I, 1, 107: not even @ suspicion can s., 
he suspicio quidem potest c., Cic. Rose. 
Am. 52, fim. 3, sum (to be): passim. 
4, subsisto, stiti, 3 (t0 continue to 
exist): the name s.s, nomen s., Plin. 33, 
I, 7: (to be valid) the verdict given 
against you s.s on the principles of 
jurisprudence, sententia advyersus te 
lata juris ratione s., Cod. Just. 2, 13, 14. 
5, sustineor, 2 (to be maintained) : 
on this we are nourished and s., hoc 
alimur et sustinemur, Cic. Verr. 3, 5, 11: 
comp. sustentor, 1: Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43. 
subsistence: |. Real and con- 
tinued beiny : expr. by verb, TO SUBSIST. 
i]. Means of living: victus, Us, m. : 
V. LIVELIHOOD, MAINTENANCE, SUSTE- 
NANCE. ‘ 
substance: |. Being: rés, rei, f. 
Or expr. by esse: V. BEING. __ [|], Essen- 
tial property: 1, natira: Cic. Q, sub- 
stantia. II. Corporeal nature, body: 
1, natira: s. and shape, n. et figura: 
Cic. usc. 3, 340, 20. 9. corpus, Oris, 
n.: the s. of water, c. aquae, Lucr. 2, 
232: ef. Cic. N. D. 2, 32, 82, corpora et 
inane quaeque his accidant: shapes and 
s.s, formae et c., id. de Or. 2, 37, 358. 
3. sdlidum (solid body): id. de 
Univ. 4, ad fin.: id. de Nat. 1, 29, 75. 
4, substantia (ef a man), Quint. 7, 
2, 5: or expr. by consto. IV. The 
main part : 1, summa: the s. of the 
trial, s. judicii, Cic. Quint. 9, 32. ah 
(adverbially), ré: to agree in s., differ 
in words, concinere re, discrepare verbis, 
Cic. de Fin. 4, 22, 60. V. Reality: 
rés, rei, f.: glory is as tt were a 8. dis- 
tinct in outline, not shadowy, gloria 
solida quaedam r. et expressa, non adum- 
brata, Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3. Join: res et 
veritas: cf. Cic. usc. 5, §, I Sub- 
stantia rerum (opposed to verba), Quint. 
2, 21, 1: or expr. by ipse, €. g., you see 
the tokens of power, not yet its s., in- 
signia videtis potestatis, nondum ipsam 
potestatem, Cic. Rull. 2, 13, 32. Vi. 
Property, goods: rés, bona, Opés, facul- 
tates, familiaris rés: v. PROPERTY, GOODS. 
substantial: |. Having actual 
being, existence: expr. by verb sum: 
Vv. SUBSTANCE, I. |]. Real: vérus : 
s. losses and troubles, damna verique 
dolores, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 57. Join: & 
glory, vera, gravis, solida gloria, Cic. 








SUBSTANTIALLY 


SUBTLY 





Phil. 5, 18, 50. II]. Belonging to the 
pueore, Crt substance of anything 3 
expr. by subs.: e.g. the s. part (oppose 

to accidenis), natura (v. ones IL.): 
substantialis, Tert.: s. elements, principia 
rerum, Cic. Acad. 2, 36,117. |V. Chief, 
important, valuable : 1, praccipuus: 
V.PRINCIPAL(adj.). 2, gravis, magnus: 
esp. superl.: a s. argument, grave argu- 
mentum, Cic. N. D. 3, 4, 11: magnum 
argumentum, id. Phil. 2, 16, 40: or 
expr. by aliquantum, aliquid, with gen. : 
€. g., Ss. assistance, aliquid opis, id. Fam. 
4,1. Phr.: advice is of s. value, pluri- 
mum valet auctoritas, id. Am. 13, 44: 
@ 5s. point, caput: freedom from care ts 
a s. point with regard to a happy life, 
caput est ad beate vivendum securitas, 
id. Am, 13, 45. V. Having material, 


body : A. Lit.: 1, sdlidus: v. 
SOLID, BULKY. Q, vilidus: v. STRONG, 
stout. 3, plénus (ef food and drink): 


more s. food, pleniores cibi, Cels. 3, 20. 
, Fig.: 1, amplus: a s. for- 
tume, a. fortunae, Cic. Verr. 5, 8, 18. 
9, sdlidus: no s. advantage, nulla 
8. utilitas: Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72: s. happi- 
ness, 8. felicitas, Plin. 7, 44, extr. (v. 
SOUND, adj.): you will lay me under a 
s. obligation, inibis a me solidam et 
grandem gratiam, Plaut. Curc. 3, 35: @ 
3. benefit, s. beneficium, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 
33: V. MATERIAL. VI. Having ample 
means: ldcuples, divés, Sptilentus: v. 
RICH. 
substantially: ré: Cic. (v. suB- 
STANCE, IV.): pénitus (thoroughly) : 
Cic.: sélidé (stowtly): Col.: or expr. 
by adj.: substantialiter : Tert. 
substantiate: 1. argumentis ac 
rationibus confirmare, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 
80. QQ, prébo, 1: to s. a charge, p. 
crimen, Cic. Flacc. 37, 93. 8, expr. 
by ratus: v. ESTABLISH, VALID. 
substantive : |, Gen.: perh. 
totus et absolutus: cf. Cic. Tim. 5, fin. : 
or expr. by circuml. with per se: v. 
SELF-EXISTENT. I]. Gramm. ¢. «.: 
substantivus: the s. verb (%. e. sum), s. 
verbum, Prisc.: a nown s., a s., *nomen 
By 8 
substitute (subs.): 1, vicarius, 
of persons, [N.B.—there is no word or 
special phr. referring to things: J will 
be your s., succedam v. tuo muneri, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 37, 81: to procure a s. for any 
ome (milit.), v. alicui expedire, Liv, 29, 
1: to allow as. (milit.), v. accipere, ib.: 
to get a s. for oneself (milit.), *v. mercede 
conducere, Georg.] 2, prociirator: v. 
AGENT. 8. suppdositicius: Hermes is 
his own s., H.s. sibi ipsi, Mart. 5, 24, 8. 
4, succédaneus (leg.): Cod. Just. 
Phr.: in vicem as a subs.: fresh suc- 
ceed as s. to the weary, defatigatis in 
vicem integri succedunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 
85: or prep. pro (esp. of officers): cf. 
Cic. Phil. 11, 8,18: I will go as s. jor 
you, ego ibo pro te, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 
10: to actas as. for, rationes negotiaque 
alicujus procurare, Cic. Fam. 12, 24: 
alicujus vice fungi, Quint. 4, 3, II: 
fungi officio, partibus alicujus, Plin. 
substitute (v-): _ 1, substituo, ui, 


titum, 3: you have s.d another Verres | 


for yourself, pro te substituisti alterum 
Verrem, Cic. Verr. 3, 69, 161: Nero s.d 
another picture for it, aliam tabulam 
pro ea s, Nero, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § gi: 
knights were s.d for Sicilians, equites 
Siculis substituti, Liv. 29, 1, jin. 2). 
répouo, posui, pdsitum, 3: to s. your 
own letters (for erased writing), ut re- 
ponas epistolas tuas, Cic. Fam. 7, 18: to 
s. Aristophanes for Eupolis, A. pro E. r., 
Cie. Att. 12, 6 b: to s. another word, 
r. aliud verbum, Quint. 11, 2, 49. 3° 
suppono, 3: J s. a better than myself to 
help you, meliorem quam ego sum s. 
tibi, Plaut. Cure. 2, 2, 6: to s. tin and 
brass for silver and gold, stannum et 
orichalcum pro argento et auro s., Suet. 
Vit. 5. Join: to s. Roman citizens 
for them, in eorum locum substituere et 
Supponere cives Romanos, Cic. Verr. 5, 
20,2. 4. subjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: 
to s. another word for the proper one, 
pro verbo proprio 5. aliud, Cic. Or. 29, 





92: esp. to s. false for true: to s. 
false wills, testamenta s., Cic. Phil. 14, 
3, 7: Vv. TO ForGE, II., Forst. 
subdo, didi, ditum, 3: s.d for them, in 
eorum locum subditi, Cic. Verr. I, 5, 
12: and v. FORGE, COUNTERFEIT. 6, 
sufficio, féci, fectum, 3 (esp. to elect as a 
magistrate in place of, cf. Tac. Ann. 4, 
16). v.successor. Of things: that other 
teeth are s.d, alios dentes suffici, Plin. 7, 
16,15. ‘7, subrdgo, 1 (of magistrates) : 
Cic. Rep. 2, 37: Liv. 8. sublégo, 
légi, lectum, 3: Liv. 23, 23: Tac. Ann. 
11, 25. Phr.: we must s. the word 
which has the nearest meaning, utendum 
proxima derivatione verborum, Quint. 
3,7,25: pillars were s.d for forked gable 
props, furcas subiere columnae, Ov. Met. 
8, Jol. 
substitution: expr. by verb: *sub- 
stitiitio (post-classical): s. of a child, 
suppositio, Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 25. (N.B— 
Subjectio (testamentorum) corresponds 
to our forgery: V. FORGERY.) 
subterfuge: 1, litebra: to have 
as., |. habere, Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107: let 
them see that he find not a s. by perjury, 
videant ne quaeratur 1. perjurio, Cic. 
Off. 3, 29, 106. 9, déverticilum : 
that no s.s be offered to misdeeds, ne d. 
peccatis darentur, Cic. Part. 39, 136. 
3. tergiversatio: Cic. Mil. 20, 54. 
4, perfiigium: Cic. Rep. 1, 5, 9. 
Phr.: he evaded the question by a s., 
alio respousionem suam derivavit, Cic. 
Verr. 1, 53, 139: to find a s., aliquam 
reperire rimam, Plaut. Cure. 4, 2, 24. 
Without s., simpliciter: candidé: v. 
STRAIGHTFORWARD. 
subterranean: 1, subterraneus: 
s. watercourses, 8. specus, Cic. Att. 15, 
26: they dig out s. caves, solent s. specus 
aperire, Tac. Ger. 16. 9. inférus: v. 
UNDERGROUND, INFERNAL. S. passage, 
or grotto, crypta, Suet. Cal. 58: Juv. 
5, 106: to make a s. passage, cuniculum 
agere, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90: to bury inas. 
cave, aliquem sub terram demittere in 
locum saxo conseptum, Liv. 22, 57. 
subtle: |, Lit: 1. subtilis: 
a very s. juice, sucus subtilissimus, Plin. 
11, 5,4: s. beginnings of things, s. ex- 
ordia rerum, Lucr. 4, 115. 92. ténuis: 
s. vapour, t. balitus, Virg. Georg. 2, 349. 
3. vescus (rare): s. salt spray, v. 
sal, Lucr. 1, 32%. le Eigse: A. 
Refined : 1, subtilis: a s. definition, 
s. definitio, Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 10g: s. 
observation, s. observatio, Plin. 18, 13, 
35. Join: the s. distinction, tenuis et 
acuta distinctio, Cic. Acad. 2, 14, 43. 
9, actitus, argitus, acer: v. ACUTE. 
B. Crafty: 1, astiitus: as. plan, 
a. ratio, id. Verr. Act. 1, U1, fin. 9. 
versiitus: id. N. D. 3, 30, 75. Join: 
acutus, versutus, veterator, id. Fin. 2, 
16, 53. 3. vafer: s. in argument, in 
disputando v., id. Rep. 3, 16, 26. 4, 
callidus: a s. interpretation, c. inter- 
pretatio, Cic. Off. 1, Io, 33. 5, catus: 
Plaut.: Hor. 6, argitus, vétératorius: 
V. CUNNING. Somewhat s.: 1, argi- 
tiilus: s. books, argutuli libri, Cic. Att. 


13; 00. 9, subddlus: Pl.; Tac.: v. 
CRAFTY. 
subtlety: A, Lit.: 1, ténui- 


tas: whether the s. of the mind is such 
that it escapes our vision, an ‘tanta sit 
animi t. ut fugiat aciem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 
50. Q, subtilitas: v, FINENESS. B. 
Fig.: |. Acuteness : 1, sub- 
tilitas: many think that the genius 
of soldiers wants s., credunt plerique 
militaribus ingeniis s. deesse, Tac. Agr. 
Q, tit. 9. acies, ei, f.: s. of human 
intellect, humani ingenii acies, Cic. Acad. 


2, 39, 122. 3, argiitiae: id. Brut. 
45, 167. 4, icimen, inis, ”.: Cic.: 
Plin.: ¥. ACUTRNESS. I], Cunning: 


J, astutia: Cic. Clu. 65, 133. 2. 
versitia (in pl.): Liv. 42, 47. 3 
calliditas (practised s.): ib. and Cic. Off. 
T, 19, 63. 

aati: subtiliter, Cic.: ténuiter, 

ic.: Acute, Cic.: argité, Cie: v. 
ACUTELY: vafré, Cic.: astité, Cic.: 
Plaut.: versité, Cic.; vétératdrié, Cic.: 
subd6lé, Plaut.: Cic.; v. CUNNINGLY. 


5. 


SUCCESS 
' gubtract: |. 7otakeaway: 1, 
subtraho, traxi, tractum, 3: nor can 


words have place if you s. the thing, 
neque verba sedem habere possunt si 
rem subtraxeris, Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 19. 
Q, détraho, 3: dédiico, 3: auféro, 3: 
v. TO TAKE: fiiror, I: v. TO PURLOIN. 
||. Jn computation: dédiico, xi, 
ctum, 3: s. the sum of the paid interest 
From the principal, de capite deducite 
ra usuris pernumeratum est, Liv, 
Pech 
subtraction: |. détractio, Cic. 
Off. 3,6, 30: ¥. WITHDRAWAL. ||. fo 
computation: expr. by dédiico: e. g. to 
see by addition and s, what the result is, 
addendo deducendoque videre quae reli- 
qui summa fiat, Cic. Off, 1, 18, 59. 
suburb: siburbium: Cic. Phil. 12, 
Io, 2 
suburban: siiburbanus: a s. farm, 
s. fundus, Cic. Q. Fr, 3, 1,3: @ s. villa, 
estate, suburbanum, Cic. Att. 16, 13 b. 
subversion : Vv. OVERTHROW (subs.), 
subversive: expr. by verb. 
subvert: éverto, subverto, immi- 
nuo: V. OVERTHROW (v., LI.), UPSET. 
succeed: A. Trans.: |: To 
come after in order or time: , SB 
quor, séciitus, 3: children s. to the rank 
of their father, patrem liberi sequuntur, 
Liv. 4, 4. 2. subséquor, 3: Npeusip- 
pus s.ing his uncle Plato, Speusippus 
Platonem avunculum subsequens, Cic, 
N. D. 1, 13, 32: in the s.ing year, subsee 
quenti anno, Plin. 11, 29, 35. 3. insde 
quor, 3: the s.ing year, insequens annus, 
Liv. 6, 38. 4, succédo, cessi, cessum, 
3: he s.'d great orators, successit magnis 
oratoribus, Cic, Or. 30, 105: nothing 
blooms for ever, age s.s to age, nihil 
semper floruit, aetas s. aetati, Cic. Phil. 
11, 15, 39: Ov. 5, excipio, cépi, cep- 
tum, 3: an unhealthy summer s.’d the 
severe winter, tristem hiemem pestilens 
aestas e., Liv. 5, 13: abs.: then a more 
unsettled year s.’d, turbulentior inde 
annus excepit, Liv. 2, 61: v. FOLLOW. 
|]. Zo follow in an office, post, or 
place: 1, succedo, 3: whos.’d Flaccus 
(as proconsul), qui Flacco s., Cic. Flace. 
14, 33: cf. Suet. G. 6: he had not yet 
s’d to the heirship of Pompey, nondum 
in locum Cn. Pompeii heres successerat, 
Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62: fresh soldiers s.’d to 
the weary, integri fessis s., Liv. 9, 32: 
one general has s.’d to the mismanage- 
ment of another, male rebus gestis al- 
terius successum est, Liv. 9, 18, ad fin. : 
who is more fit to s. Achilles, quis melius 
s. Achilli, Ov. Met. 13, 133. 2. suf- 
ficior, fectus, 3 (of officers elected in the 
comitia): with dat., Liv. 6, 38, ad fin.: 
in alicujus locum s., Liv. 25, 2: Cic 
Fam. 5, 10. 3. subrogor, 1: to s., by 
proposal and election, to a magistracy: 
Liv. 3, 38, init.: in locum alicujus 6, 
Liv. 9, 34- 4, siibeo, ii, itum, 4, wr. 
(poet.): he himself s.s me and performs 
my work, subit ipse meumque explet 
opus, Ov. Met. 3, 648. Phr.: alone 
worthy to s. to the empire, solum succes- 
sione imperii dignus, Suet. O. 4: day 8.8 
day, truditur dies die, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 15. 





B. Intrans.: |. To prosper 
(of persons) : 1, prospéré géro: Liv. 
40, 59, fin.: 92, procédo, cessi, ces- 


sum, 3: you have s.’d to-day finely, pro- 
cessisti hodie pulcre, Ter. Andr. 5, 9, 22. 

3, fldreo, 2 (to s. in one's career): 
v. prosper. 4, efficio, feci, fectum, 3: 
with ut (to s. in doing). 5, succédit 
mibi (impers.): Cic. Fam. 10, 4, extr. 

Il. Zo turn out well (of things): 

J, succédo, 1: nothing had s.’d, 
res nulla successerat, Caes. B. G. 7, 26: 
the undertaking was not s.ing, inceptum 
non s., Liv. 42, 58, tnit.: if the work 5.8 
to my wish, si ex sententia opus s, Cie. 
Q. Fr. 2, 14, 1: tmpers.: if the under- 
takings had s.’d, si successisset coepts, 
Liv. 25, 37, extr.: cf. Liv. 38, 25, med.: 
bene s., Ov. Her. 4, 33. 2. prospéré 
procédo: Cic, Fam 12, 9. 3, pros- 





péré événio: Sall. J. 63: Cic 4, 
béné habeo: Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 82. 
success: 1, successus, fis, m: 


elaied by §., Successu rerum ferocior, 
815 


SUCCESSFUL 





Tac. H. 4. 28: successu exultans, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 386. Join: prosperi s., Liv. 
praef. fin. Q. felicitas: Caes.: v. 
LUCK. 3, prospéritas: s. in life, p. 
vitae, Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 86. 4, res 
sécundae, rés prospérae: V. PROSPERITY. 
5, bénus, sécundus, felix exitus: v. 
IssuE. [N.B.—Nor bonus eventus, etc.] 
Phr.: he who has had any s., cui bene 
quid processit, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 1: high 
spirits induced by s., ferocia ab re bene 
gesta, Liv. 42, 62: all claim the credit 
of s., prospera omnes sibi vindicant, Tac. 
Agr. 27. 
successful: of persons: felix, for- 
tinatus, beatus. Of things: prosper, 
sécundus, bdnus Vv. PROSPEROUS, FOR- 
TUNAPE. 
successfully: féliciter, fortunate, 
beare, prospéré, béné, pulcré. v. PROs- 
PEROUSLY, LUCKILY, WELL. Ex sententia 
(according to one’s wishes). 
succession : |. Following in 
office, etc. : successio: whose s. is certain, 
quorum non dubia s., Tac. Ann. 4, 12: 
s. to the empire, s. principatus Suet. 
Tib. 25: rights of s. (hereditary rights), 
jura sueccessionum, Tac. Germ. 32: s. to 
any one, s. in locum alicujus, Auct. Ep. 
Brut. 1, 17: remoral of pain brings on 
as. of pleasure, doloris amotio s. efficit 
voluptatis, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37: religious 
rights handed down by hereditary s., 
traditae per manus religiones, Liv. 5, 51: 
ef, Sall. J. 63: a war of s.,* bellum de 
dubia regni, imperii, principatus succes- 
sione conflatum. |], Unbroken order: 
1, continuatio: the unchangeable 
s. of eternal order, immutabilis c. ordinis 
sempiterni, Cic. Acad. 1, 7, fin.: s. of 
labours, c. laborum, Suet. Tib. 21, fin. 
Q. sérivs, ei, f.: s. of countless years, 
innumerabilis annorum s., Hor. Od. 3, 
30, §: cf. Cic. N. I. 1, 4, fin. 3. gra- 
dus, tis, m. (in pl.: regular s.): s. of 
duties, g. officiorum, Cie. Off. 1, 45, 160. 
4, vicissitiido (alternate s.): s. of 
days and nights, v. dierum noctiumque, 
Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 16. Adverbialiy: in s., 
ex ordine, Cic. Agr. 1,24: Virg. Georg. 
4, 507: continua serie, Plin. 7, 41, 42: 
in orbem: vy. ROTATION: Phr.: in 7: 
he got several magistracies in s,, magis- 
tratum alium post alium sibi peperit, 
Sall. J.63: three years in s., triennium 
continuum, Plant. Stich. 1, 3, 61: three 
days in s., triduum c., Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 
145: V. SUCCESSIV F, SUCCESSIVELY. 
successive: continuus (of time): 
for five s. dars, dies continuos quinque, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 48: (af events): s. wars, 
c. bella, Liv. 10, 31: tivo s. kingships, 
duo c. regna, Liv. 1, 47, med.: v. UNIN- 
TERRUPTED. 
successively : 1, deinceps (of 
space, time, and order): Cic. 2. or- 
dine, in ordinem (v. [1N] TURN), ex or- 
dine (v. succession, IL, adv.). 3! 
continenter: v. UNINTERRUPTEDLY. 
successor: successor: Liv. 32, 28: 
Qvy.: Cic.: Tac.: the s.s of Alexander, 
s. Alexandri, Quint. 12, 30,6: to appoint 
one’s s. (of an emperor), s. Sibi destinare, 
Snet. Cal. 4: to give any oneas., s. 
alicui dare, Suet. Tib. 63. With gen. of 
office: your brother wibl be your s. in 
so high a dignity, successor tanti frater 
honoris erit, Ov. Pon. 4, 9, 58: Certus 
got a s. (i.e. was remored), successorem 
Certus accepit, Plin. Ep. 9, 13, extr.: or 
expr. by verb (v. SUCCEED): to appoint 
as a s., substituere aliquem, Suet. Ner. 
16: that you would depart before your 
s. arrived, te antea quam tibi succed- 
eretur decessurum fuisse, Cic. Fam. 3, 6: 
to appoint as a s., sufficio, féci, fectum, 
3, Virg. Georg. 4, 202: subrogo, I: v. 
SUBSTITUTE (v.). 
succinct: 1, brévis: Cic.: Quint.: 
2. concisus: Cic.: Quint. Ss. 
succinctus: Mart. 4, pressus: Cic.: 
Quint.: Plin.: v, BRIEF, CONCISE. 
suceinetly : brévi: Cic.: Liv.: 
presse: Cic.: Plip.: astricté: Cic.; 
Sen. : Vv. BRIEFLY, CONCISELY. 
succory: 1, cichérium: Plin. 20, 
8, 30: cichéréum: Hor. Od. 1, 31, 16. 
9. intiibus, i, m. or f/.: cichorium 
814 


SE Ee ee ee ee ee EE eee SS EEE EE ee EE EE EE eee EEE EE ee, 
oe 


SUCK UP 


intubus, Linn.: m. pl, intubi, Plin. 20, 
8, 29: n. pl., intuba, Virg. Georg. 1, 
120: ib. 4, 120. 

succour (svbs.): 1, auxilium: 
Caes.: Cic.: Liv. 2. subsidium : 
Caes.: Cic.: Liv.: Tac. 3, suppétiae 
(ace. and nom, only): Plaut. 4, ops, 
opis, 7. (no nom, found): Cic.: Plaut.: 
Ov.: v. AID, HELP, ASSISTANCE. Expr. 
also by pass. impers. of succurro: e. g. 
if s. comes, si succurratur, Caes. B. C. 
3, 85. 

succour (v.): succurro, subvénio, 
auxilior, suppétior, opitiilor, subsidio 
vénio, and many circumls. with subs. : 
v. TO AID, HELP, ASSIST. 

succulence: sicus, i, m.: v. JUICE: 
lac, lactis, n., Ov. M. 11, 606: siicOsitas : 
Coel. Aur.: Vv. JUICINESS. 

succulent: 1. *suci plenus. 2, 
stcdsus: Plin.: Col 3, siaciilentus: 
App.: Vv. JUICY. 4. lactens, ntis: s. 
lettuce, lactuca 1., Plin. 20, 7, 26: v. 
MIEKY. 

succumb: succumbo, submitto ani- 
mos, cédo, concédo: v. TO YIELD, SUB- 
MIT. 

such: 1, talis: with rel. qualis 
(such as): that we may seem to be s. as 
we are, ut quales simus t. esse videamur, 
Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44: with rel. qui: cf. 
id. Fam. to, 6: with ac, atque: cf. id. 
Vatin. 4, 10: Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 39: with ut: 
cf. Cic. Off. 1, 26, gt: abs. (similar): cf. 
id. Leg. 2, 5, 11: Virg. Georg. 2, 224: 
any s. thing, tale quicquam (after a neg. 
or quasi neg.), Liv. 26, 31: emphatic 
(both in good and bad sense) judges 
vested with s. dignity, judices t. digni- 
tate praediti, Cic. Clu. 53, 147: such a 
crime, tale facinus, Caes. B 6, 34. 
{N.B.—S. at the beginning of a sentence 
used emphatically may be expr. by qua- 
lis, quam, introducing an exclamatory 
sentence.] 2, ejusmddi (of that kind) : 
s. iniquity, e. iniquitas, Cic. Caecin. 23, 
65: the rest are s. that..., reliqua sunt 
e. ut... with swbj.,Cic. Fam. 4,11. 3, 
hujusmédi, hujnscémodi (of this kind): 
s. @ charge, bh. crimen, Cic. Verr. 5, §2, 
136. 4. pron. is (followed by qui or 
ut with subj.) : nor are you s. a man as 
not to know what you ave, nec tu is es 
qui quid sis nescias, Cic. Fam. 5, 12: 
with wf, ib.9, 16. 5, pron. hic (poet. : 
esp. Hor.): youth sprung from s. parents, 
his juventus orta parentibus, Hor. Od. 
3, 6, 33: Ss. a@..., followed by an inten- 
sive adj. often = tantus: e. g.s. a vast 
number, tanta multitudo, Cic. Att. 8, 
19: Ss.a great quantity of robes, tantam 
Melitensem vestem, id. Verr. 2, 74, 183. 
Or. expr. by adverbs: e.g. s. is the case, 
ita res se habet, id, Fat. 5, 9: J ams. 
as you see, sic sum ut vides, Plaut. Am. 
2, 1, 57: I am not s. a traveller as I 
was, non tam sum peregrinator quam 
solebam, Cic. Fam. 6, 18, fin.: they vaunt 
s. wonders, ideo jactant miracula, Lucr. 
4, 592: s. a little thing, tam parvula res, 
Ter. Ad. 2, 4,10. Phr.: more s., ejus- 
dem generis complura, Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 
fin.: other s. like prodigies, caetera de 
genere hoc monstra, Lucr. 4, 590: and 
s. like, et caetera generis ejusdem, Cic. 
Top. 11, 48: et si quid ejusmodi, ib. 12, 
52. Two Lat. subs. in apposition will 
often render such as when two subs. are 
compared; and with proper names, esp. 
in plur.,s. men, women as..., may be 
expr. simply by the Lat. prop. noun. 
An evil of s. magnitude, magnitudo 
mali, Tac. Ann. 3, 3, is an example of 
another difference of idiom. Of s. sort, 
character, kind, is often equiv. to s. 
simply. Adverbially: in s. wise, tali 
mddo, Caes. B, G. 7, 20: also ita, sie (v. 
SO, THUS): to s. a degree, ideo: v. SO 
(MUCH). 

suck (subs.): suctus (act of s.ing): 
v. suction. Phr.: to give s. (Vv. To 
SUCKLE): to look for s., mammam ap- 
petere, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85: to be able to 
give s., lactescere, Plin. 11, 41, 96. 

suck (v.): Agerrane.- ~ 1. 

——jn: siigo, xi, ctum, 3: to s. 

— up: teats, ubera s., Ov. Fast. 





SUDDEN 





Varr. R. R. 2, 3,20. Fig.: to sin 
error with one’s mother’s milk, cum lacte 
nutricis errorem suxisse, Cic. Tusce. 3, 1,2. 
2. sorbeo, ui, 2 (to s. in): Charybdis 
$8.3 in the waves, Ch. s. fluctus, Virg. Aen. 
3,442. Phr.: tos. one’s life-blood, san- 
guinem exsorbere, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 
225: V. TO SWALLOW, DRINK. 3, ex- 
stigo (to s. owt): to s.a wound, e. vuk 
nus, Cels. 5, 273: tos. out poison, e. ven: 
ena, Plin. 23, 1,27. Fig.: I will s. his 
blood, illi sanguinem e., Plaut. Poen. 3} 2, 
37. 4, exsorbeo: to s. eggs, e. ova, 
Plin. 28, 2, 4. 5, bibo, bibi, 3- to s. 
mill, b. lac, Ov. Am. 3, 10, 22: earth s.s 
in nwisture, terra b. humorem, Virg. 
Georg. 2, 218: sponges s. up the white 
dye,spongiae candorem b., Plin. 31, 47,1: 
Vv. TO IMBIBE, DRINK (IN). 6, duco, 
xi, ctum, 3: tos. the juice from flowers, 
*sucum e floribus d., Georg. 7, traiho, 
traxi, tractum, 3: moisture is s.’d up, 
humor trabitur, Col. 3,18: s. dry breasts, 
ubera sicca trahentes, Luc. 3, 351. 8. 
€bibo, bibi, bibitum, 3: the sea s.s in 
rivers, fretum e. amnes, Ov. Met. 8, 
837: wool s.s up the crimson dye, lana 
saniem e., Plin. 9, 38, 62. B, In- 
trans.: 1. sigo: some animals s., 
alia animalia s., Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 122. 
2. tibera diico, Juv. 12, 7. To let 
s.,ad ubera admittere (of animals with 
their young): the mare lets her foal s., 
equa partum ad u. a., Plin. 8, 42,ad fin.: 
*ad mammam matiis admovere (of men 
puiting young animals to s.): Georg.: 
subrimo, 1 (of lambs, a peasants’ word): 
Col.—Sucking, lactens: a s.ing child, 
puer 1., Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85: s.ing cubs, 
1. catuli, Ov. A. A. 2, 375: @ s.ing pig, 
porcus l., Varr. R. R. 2, 4, fin.: lacteus: 
a s.ing pig, |. porcus, Mart. 3, 47. 
suck dry: ebibo, bibi, bibitum, 3: 
to s. dry mili: teats, ubera lactantia e., 
Ov. Met. 6, 342. Fig. (¢o drain): ex 
haurio, Cic.: exsorbeo, Juv.: exinanig 
Plaut.: v. TO DRAIN, EXHAUST. 
sucker: 1, planta: see Conington, 
Virg. Georg. 2, 23. 2, surciilus: Plin. 
17, 10, 13: Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6. 
sucking (subs.): suctus, tis, m.: Plin. 
8, 36, 34: or expr. by verb. 
suckle: ubera dare alicui, Ov. Met. 
4, 324: dare mammam, Plaut. Truc. 2, 
5, 1: to s. cubs, ubera praebere catulis, 
Ov. A. A. 2, 395: the wolf s.d the babes, 
lupa mammas infantibus praebuit, Liv. 
1,4: tigresses s.d, admorunt ubera tigres, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 367: whales and seals s. 
their young, balaenae et vituli marini 
mammis nutriunt fetus, Plin. 11, 49, 
Jin. : every mother s.s her childven, sua 
quemque mater uberibus alit, Tac. Ger. 
20: to s. (of sows), niitrico, 1, Varr.: 
s.ing (giving s.), lactarius: 1. boves, Varr. 
R. R. 2, 1,17: nutricius: Col. 3, 13, 4. 
suckling (subs.) : |. A sucking 
child : 1, laectens: Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19. 
Q. lacteus: the s.s of one’s slaves, 
lactei vernae, Mart. 3,58. | J, Act ofs.: 
expr. by verb: rearing young, nutri- 
catus, Varr. 
suction: suctus: v. SUCKING. 
sudatory (adj.): siidatorius: s. 
anointings, Ss. unctiones, Plaut. Stich. 2, 
I, 73. 
sudatory (subs.): a sweating-room 
or bath: 1, sadatdrium: Sen. Vit. 
B. 7. 2. sudatio: Vitr. 5, 11, med. 
sudden: 1. siibitus (coming sly, 
unexpected or not): a s. storm at sea, 
maris s. tempestas, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 52: 
s. silence, s. silentium, Quint. 12, 5, 3: 
a s. reverse, 8. commutatio, Nep. Dion 6: 
s. death, mors s., Virg. Aen. 11, 796: 
s. shower, s. imber, Ov. Fast. 4, 385- 
s. dread, s. terror, Ov. Met. 1, 202: as. 
stab, s. ictus, Liv. 1, 41. Join: s. et 
repentinus, Caes. B.G. 3, 8. 2. répen- 
tinus (coming unexpectedly, and henee 
quickly also): s. danger, r. periculum, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 3: s. death, r. mors, Cic. 
Clu. 62, 173. Join: r. et inopinatus, 
id. Tusc. 3, 19. 45: improvisus atque r., 
id. Agr. 2, 22, 60: r. inopinatusque, 
Suet. Caes. 87: imexpectatus et r, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 55, 225. 3. répens, ntis: $. 


2,419: to s. the dam,s.mammam matris, | revolt, r. defectio, Liv. 8, 29, and passim: 


— 


SUDDENLY 





s. arrival of the foe, s. adventus hostium, 
Cic. Tuse. 3, 22, 55: s. discord, r. dis- 
cordia, Virg. Aen. 12, 313: as. mutiny, 
r. seditio, Ov. Met. 12, 61: a 8. storm, 
r. tempestas, Cic.Sext. 67,140. 4, im- 
provisus: Join: s. fear, subita et i. 
formido, id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43: i. atque 
inopinatus, id. Tusc. 4, 15, 37. ¥- UN- 
FORESEEN.  §, nécOpinatus: s. arrival, 
n. adventns, Livy. 26, 51: s. evil, n.malum, 
Cic. Tusc, 3, 13, 28: n&écdpinus (poet.) : 
Ov. Met. 1, 224: Indpinatus: s. disaster, 
i. maium, Caes. B.C. 2, 12: Indpinus: 
s. drought, i. siccitas, Plin. Pan. 30, 
and pvet.: V. UNEXPECTED. 6, in- 
expectatus: V. UNEXPECTED. 7. stbi- 
taneus: a s. shower, s. imber, Col. 1, 
6 


, 24. 
suddenly: 1, suibito: Plaut.: Cic.: 
i or. 


iv. : H 9, répenté: Plaut.: Cues. : 
Cic. 98, dérépenté: Cic. 4, répen- 
tino: Plaut.: Caes,: Cic. 5, impro- 


viso: Plant.: Cic.: de i.: Ter.: Caes. : 
Cic.: ex i.: Plaut. 
exi.: Cic. Join: répenté ex i., Suet. 
Galb. 10: nécdpinato: Cic.; Liv. Join: 
wars arise s., bella subito atque impro- 
visa nascuntur, Cic. Font. 15, 32: jire s. 
appeared, improviso subitusque appa- 
ruit ignis, Virg. Aen. 12, 576: hes. says, 
repente improvisus ait, Virg. Aen. 1, 594. 
Raised suddenly: siibitarius: mil. ¢. ¢. 
(of troops), Liv. 3, 4: of buildings, 
Tac. A. 15, 39- é 
suddenness: expr. by adj. or adv. 
sudorific : expr. by evocare 
sudores, cf. Plin. 27, 9, 48: ciere s., id. 
31, 10, 46: movere, elicere s., Cels. 2, 17. 
9, diipbéreéticus: Coel. Aur. 
suds: *aqua sapone infecta, Georg. 
sue: |. Toentreat: 1, rogo, 1: 
to s. for aid, r. auxilium, Caes. B. G. 1, 
11: to s. the gods for riches, divitias 
divos r., Mart. 4, 24. [N.B.—For con- 
struction of this and similar verbs, v. 
L. G. § 244.) 2. dro, 1: to s. any 
one for freedom, aliquem libertatem o., 
Suet. Vesp. 16: Liv.: Tac.: with ut 
and subj.: he s.s humbly for permission, 
0. multis et supplicibus verbis ut liceat, 
Cic. Att. 12, 32. 3. flagito, 1: nor do 
Is. my powerful Jriend jor too great 
favours, nec amicum pvtentem largiora 
f. Hor. Od. 2, 18, 13. Join: tos. ear- 
nestly, f. et implorare, Cic. Rab. perd. 
3,9: poscere et f., Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 71. 
4, efflagito, 1 (strong): to s. for 
another’s pity, misericordiam alicujus e., 
Cie. Mil. 34. 5, précor, 1: whom we 
s. for blesstngs, a quibus bona precamur, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84. Join: p. et sup- 
plico, Liv. 38, 43: Ov. 6, péto, ivi 
or ii, itum, 3: tos. for peace, pacem p., 
Caes. B. G. 1, 27: that for which we s. 
with prayers and tears, id quod precibus 
et lacrimis p., Cic. Lig. 5,13: to s.any one 
Jor indulgence, ab aliquo pacem ac ve- 
niam p., id. Rab. perd. 2, 5, 7. pos- 
tilo, 1 (to s. as a right): to s. a friend 
for anything, quidvis ab amico p., Cic. 
Am. I0, 35. 8, exposco, pdposci, 3 : 
to s. for peace, pacem precibus e., Liv. 
1, 16. Join: Is. for pity, misericor- 
diam et imploro et e., Cic. Mil. 34 92. 
9, obsecro, 1: [s. for your protec- 
tion, o. vestram fidem, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 
gi. Join. orare et o., Cic. Verr. 2, 17, 
42. 10, prenso, 1 (for votes): to s. 
the senato:s, p. patres, Liv. 1, 47: Cic. 
11, ambio, ivi or ii, itum, 4 (do s. 
for votes and gen.): to s. for a magis- 
tracy, a. magistratum sibi, Plaut. Am. 
Prol. 74: he s.s you with euger entreaty, 
te a. sollicita prece, Hor. Od. 1, 35, 5. 
12. supplico, 1: Zs. Caesar on your 
behalf, Caesari pro te s., Cic. Fam. 6, 14, 
extr, 13, séquor, séciitus, 3 (rare in 
this sense): to s. for Caesar's favour, 
gratiam Caesaris s., Caes. B.C. 1, 1: v. 
ENTREAT, REQUEST (v.), SUIT (subs.): to 
s. successfully, impetro, 1; Vv. TO GAIN, 
opTain, |], Zo bring a claim at law: 
agere ren) cum aliquo ex jure, lege, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 35,75 in jus vocare, Cic. Quint. 
1g: litem inferre alicui, Cic. Clu. 41. 
Phr.: tos. for recovery, repetere et per- 
sequi aliquid lite et judicio, Cic. Verr. 3, 
13, 32: Vv. SUIT (subs.), ACTION, 


6, indpinato: Liv.: 





SUFFER 
suet: sébum or sévum; Plin. 11, 37, 


85: Col. 
suffer: A, Trans.: |, Zobear 
(conveying an idea of patience or 
strength) : ]. patior, passus, 3: to s. 
a very severe punishment, gravissimum 
supplicium p., Caes. B. G. 2, 30; to do 
and s. bravely, et lacere et p. fortia, Liv. 
2, 12, med.: cf. Cic. Tim. 6, med.: pain 
is hard to s., dolor ad patiendum diffi- 
cilis, Cic. Tusc. 2, 7, 18: Gaul s.s all 
the injuries of war patiently, G. omnes 
aequo animo belli patitur injurias, id. 
Phil. 12, 4, 19. 9. féro, tuli, latum, 
ferre: to s. misfortunes, calamitates f., 
Nep. Tim. 4: fortune must be overcome 
by sang, superanda fortuna ferendo est, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 710: to s. ills, mala f., 
Ov. Trist. 4, 6, 37: V. TO BEAR. ay 
perféro: by s.ing cold, hunger, thirst, 
loss of rest, frigore et fame et siti ac 
vigiliis perferendis, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9. 
4, perpétior, pessus, 3: [have stated 
that I will s. anything, affirmavi quid- 
vis me perpessurum, id. Fam. 2, 16: 
Caes. Join: p. ac perfero, id. de Or. 
2, 19; 911. 5, toléro, 1: to s. hunger, 
t. famem, Caes. B. G. 1, 28: to s. need, 
t. inopiam, Sall. C. 37: to s. poverty, t. 
egestatem, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 57- 6. 
sustineo, ui, tentum, 2: you do not know 
what miseries J s., non tu scis quantum 
malarum rerum s., id. Mere. 2, 4, 8: 
to s. troubles, s. dolores, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 
med. Join: ferre s.que, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
6,16. Phr.: not to be abletos. anyone, 
alieno animo esse ab aliquo, id. Deiot. 
9, 24: habere animum alienum ab ali- 
quo, id. Am. 8, fin.:.....such faults, 
abhorrere a talibus vitiis, Cic. Fat. 4, 8: 
V. DETEST, INSUFFERABLE. I]. Zo un- 
dergo (of the fact, without reference to 
feelings or condnect) : 1, sufféro, sus- 
tiili, sublatum, sufferre, 3: to s. punish- 
ment, s. poenam, Cic. Cat. 2, 13, 28: to 
s. stripes, s. plagas, Plaut. Asin. 3, 2, 11. 
2, accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: to s. a 
misfortune, a. calamitatem, Cic. Off. 3, 
26, 99: to s. an injury, a. injuriam, ib. 
1, 11, 33: tos. pain, a. dolorem, id. Dom. 
36, 97: to s. defeat, a. cladem, Curt. 4, 12. 
8, facio, féci, factum, 3 (with damnum, 
detrimentum, jacturam, naufragium) : 
to s. loss, f. dam., Cic. Brut. 33, 125: tos. 
damage, f. detr., id. Verr. 4, 9, 20: tos. 
shipwreck, f. naufr., id. Fam. 16,9: tos. a 
most serious loss, jacturam gravissimam 
f., Plin. Ep: x, 12): Gic. 4, siibeo, 
ivi or ii, itum, 4: to s. whatever risk 
fortune offers, quemcunque tulerit fors 
casum s., Cic. Att. 8, I: Vv. UNDERGO. 
5, suscipio, cép!, ceptum, 3 (to s. 
voluntarily) : to s. pain, dolorem s., id. 
Fin. 1, 7, 24: to s. annoyance on any 
one’s behalf, s. molestiam pro aliquo, 
id. Caecin. 8,17. 6, exséquor, sécutus, 
3: tos. death, e. mortem, Plaut. Pseud. 
4, 2, 38. 7, afficior, fectus, 3: lo s. 
exile, exilio a., Cic. Par. 4, 31: s.ing the 
greatest annoyance, Maxima molestia 
affectus, id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: to s. want, 
pain, cold, thirst, etc. : egeo, doleo, frigeo, 
sitio, etc. Ill. Zo allow, let, permit : 
1, patior: he s’d no day to pass 
without speaking, nullum patiebatur 
esse diem quin diceret, Cic. Brut. 88, 
302: J will not s. it at all, non feram, 
non patiar, non sinam, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10: 
with ut and sulj.: Caes. B. G. 1, 45. 
9, féro: with ace. and in/.: Hor. 
Epod. 15, 13: to s. the insolence of any 
ome, contumaciam alicujus f., Cic. Att. 6, 
3: who could s. this? hoc quis f. possit? 
Cic. Cat. 2, 5,10: v. ALLOW. 3, silo, 
sivi, situm, 3: s. me to speak, if you 
please, sine sis logui me, Plaut. Pseud. 
3, 2, 50: Cic.: Hor.: Virg.: with subj. 
without ut after the imperative: Hor.: 
Virg.: v. LET. 4, permitto, misi, 
missum, 3: Cic.: Liv.: etc.: v. TO PER- 
mit. Phr.: the matter s.s no delay, res 
dilationem non recipit, Liv. 7, 14: non 
patitur, id. 35, 25: tigers s. themselves 
to be whipped, indulgent patientiam fla- 
gello tigres, Mart. 1, 105. B. Intr.: 
. To be in pain or trouble: il 
expr. by mala, dolorem ferre or pati: 
see examples under A., L. 2. affi- 


SUFFICIENCY 





| cior, fectus, 3 (with abl., to s. from any 
thing): the army had s.’d from disease 
exercitus pestilentia affectus erat, Liv 
41, 5° he s.s from pas in the feet, 
pedum doloribus a., Cic. Fam. 6, 19: te 
| s. from cholic, torminibus a., Plin. 29, §, 
| 33: esp. in part.: ef. Cic, Div, 1, 30,63: 
Suet. 8, labodro, 1: abs., Cic. Att. 4, 
2: to s. in the bouels, ex intestinis L, 
Cic. Fam. 7, 26: to s. from (be opprest 
by) debt, |. ex aere alieno, Caes. B. C. 3, 
22: to s. from cruelty, |. crudelitate, 
Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, jin.: to s. from 
(labour under) hatied and contempt, 
odio, contemptu L, Liv. 6, 2. 4. pré- 
mor, pressus, 3: to s. from envy and 
hatred, invidia et odio p., Cic. de Or. 1, 
53, 228: to s. from debt or oppression, 
aere alieno aut injuria p., Cees. B. G. 6, 


12. 5. aegroto, 1: arger sum (to 8. 
Srom disease: Lit. and Fig.): v. sick, 
ILL, 6. cricior, 1 (to s. severely): 


Cic.: Liv.: Ov.: v. TORMENT (v.). Phr.: 
the regiment s.’d in the engagements, 
legio proeliis attenuata est, Caes. B.C. 
3, 89: the ships which had s.’d most 
severely, quae gravissime afflictae erant 
naves, id. B.G. 4, 31: that the public 
interests may not s., ne quid detrimenti 
tes publica capiat, id. B. C. 1, §: 
public credit having already s.'d, labe- 
facta jam fide, Suet. Vesp. 4: that the 
dignity of the state may not s., ne quid 
de dignitate rei p. minuatur, Cic. Cat. 4, 
6, 13: the ships s.’d much in the storm, 
tempestas naves afflictavit, Caes. B. G. 
4, 29. Il. To be punished: poenas 
| pendo, do, luo, persolvo: the slate s.’d 
severely for its joolish joy, civitas 
stultae laetitiae graves poenas dedit, 
Sall. C. 51: v. puNisH. Phr.: a kind 
of death s.’d by many, celebratum mortis 
genus, Tac. H. 2, 49, jin.: to make one 
s. for a fault, poenas ab aliquo expetere 
ob delictum, Cic. Mare. 6, 18. 











férendus: Cic. 
sufferance: _ |. 
| pain: 1, tolératio. Q. perpessio : 
lv. SUFFERING, I. |l. Power of bear- 
ing: 1, patientia: Cic.: Hor. Od. 1, 
24, 19. Q, tolérantia: Cic. Parad. 4, 
I, 1]: V. PATIENCE, FORBEARANCE. [I]. 
Permission: expr. by adj. précarius: 
freedom on s., precaria libertas, Liv. 39, 
37]: V. PERMISSION. 
sufferer : |. From illness: aeger, 
aegrotus, affectus : Vv. INVALID, SICK, ILL. 
|. Generally. calamitosus: Cic 


Fam. 9, 13: or expr. by verb. 

an ae 1. sufficio, feci, fectum, 
3: with inf. as subject, Suet. Nero 31: 
the same with dat.: let it not s. them to 
fashion, nec iis sufficiat effingere, Quint. 
10, 2, 15: With prep. (Vv. AFFORD, SUP- 
PLY) with subj., it s.s for you to let..., 
sufficit ut... sinas, Plin. Kp.g, 21: with 
ne, ib. 9, 33- 9. satis esse: their own 
property does not s. them, res suae non 
satis sunt, Liv. 9, 1: for the present the 
recovery of liberty s.s, nunc libertatem 
repeti s.e., Liv. 3, 53: that (wo years $. 
him for finishing that business, ad eas 
res conficiendas biennium sibis. e., Caes. 
BO Ga%,'3- 3, suppéto, Ivi or ii, itum, 
3: his means s. for daily expenses, QUo- 
tidianis sumptibus copiae s., Cic. Tusc, 
5, 32, 89: Hor. 4, suppédito, 1: to 
s. for dress and food, s, ad cultum et ad 
victum, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 12. Liv. Phy. 
it quite s.s for me, mili abunde est, Plin. 
Ep. 4, 30, extr. ' 

sufficiency : 1, sittias, atis, fi: s. 
of food,s. cibi, Lucr. 5, 1389° Plaut. 9. 
sAtiétas (rare in this sense): nor ts there 
any Ss. of adornment, nec ulla ornandi 
satis s. est, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 6. ‘ 
sitis, with gen. of subs.: @ &. of elo- 
quence, a deficiency of ™ isdom, satis 
eloquentiae, sapientiae parum, Sali. C. 
5: Cic.: Liv.: more than a Ss. of any- 
thing, satis superque alicujus, Liv. 41 
25: a s., quod sat est, Plaut. Poen. 2, 12 
Phr.:; as.of wealth, divitiarum affatim 
Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 33: @ bare s. of fooa 
and clothing, tenuis cultus victus¢ne, 
Cic. Am. 23, 86: to have as. (of means), 
in sumptum habere, Cic. aa g, 20, XE: 

15 


Act of bearing 


SUFFICIENT 


SUICIDE 


SUIT 


nn LEIS SUSISISSsSsSSSSSSSSS SESS neste 


who has a s. of everything which nature 


sugar-house or manufactory : 


needs, cui nihil deest quod quidem natura | perh. * officina sacchari (based on, 0. 


desideret, Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28. 

sufficient: 1. satis (with gen.): 
s. excuse for abusing, s.ad objurgandum 
causae, Ter. And. 1, 1, I11: s. puntish- 
ment, s. poenae, Ov. Her. 14, 87: s. stead- 
fastness, s. firmitatis, Cic. Am. 5, 19. 

9. iddneus: a s. voucher, idoneus 
auctor, Cic. Brut. 15, 57: cf. Liv. 8, 4. 
Join: satis idoneus, Cic. Ep. Brut. 2, 7. 
3, is... ut, is... qui, with subj.: 

that man is s. to uphold, est is vir iste 
ut... sustineat, Cic. Flacc. 15, 34: Deto- 
tarus had not forces s. for taking the 
offensive against the R. P., D. non eas 
copias habuit quibus bellum inferre 
P. R. posset, Cic. Deiot. 8, 22. Phr.: 
that we may have s. means for necessury 
expenses, ut sit unde nobis suppeditentur 
sumptus necessarii, Cic. Att. 11, 13: to 
have s. strength for the toil, labori sup- 
peditare, Plaut. Asin, 2, 4, 17: to have s. 
means, rem habere, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73: 8. 
Security, satis, with do, caveo, accipio: 
V. SECURITY, BAIL. To be s.: V.SUFFICE. 

sufficiently: satis: iddneé (rare), 
Cic.: Ulp.: satiaté, Vitr.; quite s., affa- 
tim, Cic.: Plin.: more than s., satis su- 

rque, abunde: mof s., non parum. 

xpr. also by satiare: e. g. to manure 
land s., solum stercore s., Col. 2, Lo, 23: 
after sleeping s., somno satiatus, Liv. 

suffocate: 1, sufféco, 1: to be 
placed in honey and s.d, in melle situm 
suffocari, Lucr, 3. 904: v. TO STRANGLE, 
CHOKE. 2. spiritum interclido: Liv. 
40, 24: being s.d, anima interclusa, Liv. 
23,7: V. STIFLE. 

suffocation: *suffocatio (used by 
Plin. of hysteria): or expr. by verb. 

suffragan : chorépiscdpus: Cod. 
Just. 1, 3, 42: *episcopi vicarius. 

suffrage: |. A vote: suffragium : 
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33: Plaut.. Liv i. 
Right of voting: suffragium: Liv. 38, 
36: Cic. 

suffuse;: suffundo, fadi, fiisum, 3: 
with her eyes s.d with tears, lacrimis 
oculos suffusa, Virg. Aen. 1, 228: her 
Jace becoming s.d with blushes, suffun- 
dens ora rubore, Ov. Met. 1, 484: eyes 
are s.d (with tears), oculi suffunduntur, 
Sen. Clem. 2, 6, med.: in act,, she s.s her 
eyes with warm dew (of tears), tepido s, 
lumina rore, Ov. Met. 10, 360: his face 
ts s.d with tears and blushes, lacrimis ac 
multo pudore suffunditur, Plin. Pan. 2, 
Jim.: higher air 8d with heat, aether 
calore suffusus, Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 54. 
Phr.: with his face s.d with blushes, 
vultu ruboris pleno, Suet. Dom. 18. 

suffusion ; suffiisio: s. of bile, s. 
fellis (of jaundice), Plin. 22, 23, 49: or 
expr. by verb. 

sugar (subs.): 1, sacchéron, or 
-um, i, m. (for which v. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v.): s.is honey collected in reeds, 
(s.) est mel in arundinibus collectum, 
Plin. 12, 8, 17, § 32 (cf. apud _Indos mel 
in arundinum foliis, Sen. Ep. 84, 3): 
brown or moist s., *s. nondum a faecibus 
satis purgatum (Ainsw.): powdered s., 
*s, ad pulverem redactum (id.): loaf s., 
*s. in metae modum (Quich.) : to refine 
3., *s. defaecare (id.). 2. sicus dul- 
cis ee plur.): they who suck s. from 
the fragile reed, qui bibunt tenera dul- 
ces ab arundine s., Lucan 3,237. Pbhr.: 
sweet as s., dulcissimus, mellitus (v. 
SWEET, HONEYED). 

sugar (v.): *saccharo condire 
(Georg.). For fig. sense, v. TO FLATTER. 

sugared: *saccharo conditus: v. 
SWEET, HONEYED, 

——-baker : dulciarius, pistor dul- 
ciarius. Vv. CONFECTIONER. 

—— -basin: perh. * patina (lit. a 


broad dish, pan). 

— -boiler: ‘*coctor sacchari 
(Georg.). 

— -boiling: *coctiira sacchari 
(Georg.). 

—  -candy: *sacchirum crystal- 
linum (Georg.). 

—- -cane: *A4rundo - sacchari 


(Georg.): 0: simply arundo (v, suGAR, 
subs.). 
816 








armorum, Caes. B, C. 1. 34). 
-loaf; *méta sacchari (Georg.) : 
or * in metam saccharum. 
-plantation: perh. *locus sace 
chari arundinibus cousitus s. obsitus. 
-plum: perh. * amygdalum 
(an almond-kernel) saccharo conditum 
(Kr.): for plur., crustula may serve 
(cf. ut pueris olim dant crustula blandi 
doctores, Hor.): v. also CONFECTION- 
ERY. 
— -refiner: V. SUGAR-BOILER. 
— -tongs: perh. *forceps, simply. 
suggest: 1. subjicio, jeci, jectum, 
3: sing what I should say, subjiciens 
quid dicerem, Cic. Flac. 22, 53: I desire 
that anything, that I perchance pass 
over, should be s.d to me by him, cupio 
mihi ab illo subjici, siquid forte prae- 
tereo, id. Verr. 5, 10, 25: cf. Liv. 3, 48, 
extr. 9. objicio, jeci, jectum, 3: tos. 
to one the intention of betraying hisown 
country, alicui eam mentem ut patriam 
prodat o., Liv. 5, 15, post med. 3 
insisurro, 1: the west wind itself s.s 
that it is the time for sailing, Favonius 
ipse i. navigandi tempus esse, Cic. Acad. 
2, 48, 147. 4, injicio, jéci, jectum, 3: 
to s. one’s name to one, alicui nomen ali- 
cujus i,, id. Dom. 6, 14: cf. Att. 16, 5, 3. 
5, expr. by in s.ad aurem s. in aure 
dicere, admonere, etc. (to whisper in the 
ear: V. TO WHISPER): Cic.: Hor.: v. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. auris, I. Fh 
suggéro, gessi, gestum, 3 (only late): 
Ulp Dig. 4, 6, 26, fin. Phr.: to s. it- 
self to the thoughts, in cogitationem cad- 
ere, Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 21: language such 
as anger and dissimulation s., sermo 
qualem ira et dissimulatio gignit, Tac. 
A. 2, 57,med.: unless the immortal gods 
had s.’d to him the idea of, etc., nisi eum 
Dii immortales in eam mentem impulis- 
sent ut (with swbj.), Cic. Mil. 33, 89: v. 
also TO HIN'T, ADMONISH, ADVISE. 
suggestion : |. A reminding : 
], admdnitio: by the s. of one word, 
they ave restored to the memory, unius 
admonitione verbi in memoriam repo- 
nuntur, Quint. 11, 2, 19. 9, admoni- 
tus, is: at the s. of the Allobroges I sent 
the praetor, admonitu Allobrogum prae- 
torem misi, Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 8: at your 
s. I completed the books, admonitu tuo 
perfeci libros, id. Att. 13, 18. I. 
Instigation, advice: consilium: v. AD- 
vice. Miscell. Phr.: at the s. of the 
senate, impulsu patrum (Vv, INSTIGATION): 
at my s., me impulsore, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 21 
(Join: me suasore et impulsore, Pl. 
Most. 3, 3, 13): ef. me auctore, Cic., 
pass.: to give as. of, etc., auctorem esse 
(with gen. of subs. or gerund.), or expr. 
by verb (v. To sucGEst): following the 
s. of the moment, quo fortuitus animi 
impetus tulit, Liv. (Quich.) to follow 
one’s good s., *aliquem sequi bene mon- 
entem, alicui bene monenti obedire 
(Georg.): to despise one’s s.s, aliquem 
monentem spernere, aliquem bene mon- 
entem sequi recusare (id.): to follow the 
s.s of anger, parere irae, Nep. Alc. 4, 
ad jin.: to follow one’s own s., gerere 
sibi morem, Ter. (Vv. TO GRATIFY). 
suggestive: qui (quae, quod), pot- 
est (with inf, of verb: v. TO SUGGEST, 
REMIND): V. alsO PREMONITORY. 
suicidal: v. FATAL, DESTRUCTIVE. 
suicide: |. Self-destruction: mors 
voluntaria: s. must be brought on one- 
self, mors voluntaria consciscenda (est), 
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3: to put an end to one’s 
life by s., vitam voluntaria morte finire, 
Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66: to drive to s., ad 
voluntariam mortem propellere, Tac. A. 
11,2. Phr.: s., finis sponte sumptus, 
Tac. (Quich.): by s.,morte quaesita, Tac. 
A. 1,5: s. being prevalent, passim con- 
scita nece, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 107: to 
meditate s., agitare de supremis, Tac. H. 
4.59: to abstain from s. manus a se 
abstinere, Cic. 'Tusc. 4, 37,79. 0 com- 
mit s., sibi mortem consciscere, id. Ciu. 
61, 171 (cf. sibi letum consciscere, Lucr, 
3, 81: sibi necem consciscere, Cic. N. D. 
2, 3, 8): se ipsum interficere, Sulpic. in 

















Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 2 (cf. Crassus suaptes 
manu interfectus, id. Or. 3, 3, Ic): se 
occidere, Cic. Opp. (Fragm. No. 160, 
Nobbe), quoted by Quint. §, 10, 6g: sibi 
manus afferre, Planc. in Cic. Fam. 10, 
23, 4 (cf. vim vitae suae inferre, Vell. 2, 
45, ad jin.): sibi manu vitam exhaurire, 
Cic. Sest. 21, 48: vita se privare, id. de 
Or. 3, 3,9: mortem in se festinare, Tac. 
A. 4, 28 ‘cf. mortem anticipare, Suet. 
Tib. 61, ad fin.): sua manu cadere, Tac. 
A. 15, 71 (cf. ipsa sua ido concidit usa 
manu, Ov. Her. 7, 146: qui sibi letum 
peperere manu, Virg. Aen. 6, 434). 
I]. One who destroys himself: in- 
téremptor sui: fo become a s., i. sui fieri, 
Sen. Ep. 70, ad med. But best expr. by 
periphr. with verb: e. g. qui sibi letum 
peperere manu (poet.): qui sibi mortem 
consciscit, etc. (v. supr. L.). 
suit (subs.): |, 4 lawesutt: 
lis, litis, f.: to enter on as. by calling 
witnesses, 1. contestari, Cic. Att. 16, 15, 
2: to enter on a s. against some one, 1. 
alicui intendere s. in aliquem inferre, id. 
(Vv. LAW-SUIT, TO SUE): to conduct as., 
l. orare, id. Off. 3, 10, 43 (v. also To 
PLEAD, II.): to abandon a 8. (of an advo- 
cate who neglects his client's cause and 
defends himself), 1. suam facere, id. de 
Or. 2, 75, 305: to gain or lose a s., }. 
obtinere aut amittere, id. Rose. Com. 4, 
10 (v. also TO Losk, L., 2.). 92. causa: 
to conduct a &., c. orare S. dicere s. agere 
(v. TO PLEAD, II.): to gain a s., c. obtin- 
ere, Cic. Fam. I, 4, 1: ef. c. vincere, Ov. 
H. 16, 76: to lose a s. (through mis- 
conduct in the defence), c. perdere, Cic. 
Rose. Com. 4, 10: to be cast in a s., 
causa cadere (v. TO NonsuIT : cf. formula 
cadere, Sen. Ep. 48, fin.: formula ex- 
cidere, Suet. Claud. 14: also cadere, 
absol., Tac. H. 4,6): to drop or abandon 
a s., causa desistere, Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112: 
cf. affligere c. susceptam, id. Sest. 41, 89: 
V. CAUSE (subs., 11.). 3, rés, réi: v. 
cause (subs., IL, 2.). (Cf. Cic. Mur. 12, 
jin., tot homines statuere non potuisse, 
utrum rem an litem dici oporteret. } 
4, actio, Onis, f.: the s.s of many 
and the property in s. were lost, niultis 
a. et res peribant, Liv. 39, 18, intt.: v. 
also ACTION (V., 2 5, dica: v. ac- 
TION (V., 2.). , judicium: to gain 
a s., judicio vincere, Cic, Rose. i 
18, $3: V. TRIAL, CRIMINAL (adj. IL). 
Phr.: to demand a s. against some one 
(from the praetor), in aliquem delation- 
em nominis postulare, Cie. Div. in Caecil 
20, 64: to grant a s., (of the praetor), 
nomen recipere (with gen. of the person 
sued), id. Verr. 2, 38, 94 (for which Tac. 
A. 2, 74, has recipere reum: and ib. 3, 
70, aliquem inter reos recipere) : to bring 
@ s. against (lit. propose a judge to) 
some one, judicem ferre alicui, Liv. 3, 57, 
ad med.: to bring as. according to law 
in respect of an inheritance, lege agere 
in hereditatem, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175. 
Il. Petition: q.v. | II. Courtship : 
q.v. Phr.: (of the man) to make s. to, 
péto (v. TO WOO, suITOR, Phr.): she has 
rejected my S., Tepulit connubia nostra, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 214. [Or may be expr. by 
sperno, contemno, etc. (Vv. 10 DESPISE, 
REJECT) amantem, procum, etc. (v. 
LOVER, II., surToR, 1V,)} IV, As.of 
clothes : synthésis, is, f.: Mart. 2, 46, 4. 
Or expr. gen. by vestitus, vestimenta 
(v. CLOTHES). A &. of armour, arma, 
etc. (Vv. ARMOUB). V. As. of playing 
cards: perb. *chartarum luscriarum 
familia s. genus. Phr.: to follow s., 
rh. *charta concolore s. simili ludere, 
For to follow s. (fig.), V. TO IMITATE. 
See also SUITE. 
suit (v.): A, Trans.: To adapt: 
1, accommddo, 1: v. TO FIT, ACCOMMO- 
DATE, 2, compono, 3: v. TO ADAPT, 
TO ARRANGE, REGULATE. Pbhr.: to 8. 
the action to the word, may be expr. by 
dictum ac factum s. dictum factum (no 
sooner said than done: v. Smith’s Lat, 
Dict. s. v. dico, I., 4.). B. Intrans.: 
. |, Tobeadaptedto: 1, convénio, véni, 
ventum, 4: liquid food s.s the fatigued, 
cibus humidus fatigatis convenit, Cels. 
which vices seem to s. any one you please 





SUITABLE, SUITED 





rather than him you mention, quae vitia 
in quemvis videntur potius quam in 
istum c., Cic. Verr. 1, 49, 128° the name 
does not s., nomen non c., Ter. Andr. 5, 
4,39. _ 2, congruo, ui, 3: one kind of 
speech not $. every case, non omni 
causae c. orationis unum genus, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 55, 210. 3. consentio, sensi, 
sensum, 4: V. TO AGREE (IV.), TO HAR- 
MONIZE. 4, haereo, haesi, haesum, 2 
(rare in this sense): and let not the 
chorus sing anything between the acts 
which does not lead on to the plot and s. 
well, neu quid medios (chorus) inter- 
cinat actus quod non proposito conducat 
et haereat apte, Hor. A. P. 195. Cf. 
comp., cohaereo (v. TO FIT TOGETHER, 
CORRESPOND). 5, respondeo, di, sum, 
2: V. TO CORRESPOND, TO ANSWER (II.). 
6. cado, c&écidi, casum, 3 (with in 
and acc.) : that suspicion of yours s.s not 
(or ts not suitable to) this man, non in 
hunc hominem c. ista suspicio, Cic, Sull. 
27, 15+ 7, quadro, 1 (to square or 
ith): to s.in many respects, ad 
+ id. Att. 4,18, 3. Or expr. by 
sum and adj. (Vv. FIT, SUITABLE): when 
tt shall s. (or be convenient for) you, 
quum erit tuum commodum, ib. 12, 28, 
3 (expr. by commodo tuo, id. Fam. 4, 2, 
4). Phr.: the man s.s you perfectly, 
magis ex usu tuo nemo est, Ter. Eun. 5, 
8, 47: the other arts s. not every age, 
ceterae artes nun .etatum omnium sunt, 
Cic. (Quich.). Il. To become, q. v.: 
d&cet, convénit. Or expr. by swm with 
adj. (Vv. BECOMING, SUITABLE). lll. 
To please,q.v.: Phr.: they do not s. 
you, non tui stomachi (sunt), Cic. Fam. 
7, 1, 2 (v. also LIKING, Phe the same 
things do not s. everybody, non omnes 
eadem mirantur amantque, Hor. Ep. 2, 
2, 58. 
suitable, suited: 1. aptus: a 
day s. for sacrifice, a. dies sacrificio, Liv. 
I, 45, post med.: a rhythmical and s. 
speech, numerosa et a. oratio, Cic. Or. 50, 
168: no character seemed more s.’d to 
talk about age, nulla videbatur aptior 
persona quae de aetate loqueretur, Cic. 
Am. I, 4 (for constr. v. Zumpt, Gr. § 568). 
Join: a. et accommodatus, Cic.; a. et 
congruens, id.: a. consentaneusque, id. : 
v. Fit (adj.), ADAPTED. Q, iddneus 
(for a definite purpose = ad eam rem: 
usu. with ad, a velative, the dat. or 
absol.): counsels s.’d to this our business, 
consilia i. ad hoc nostrum negotium, Cic. 
Att. 5, 6, 1: the character of Laelius 
seemed to me s.’d for discussing the swb- 
ject of friendship, i. mihi Laelii persona 
visa est quae de amicitia dissereret, id. 
Am. 1.4: he chooses a site s. for a camp, 
castris i. locum deligit, Caes. Bb. G. 6. 10: 
a s. time, tempus i., Cic. Rose. Am. 24, 
68. io rarer constructions, v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v.) 3, accommddatus, 
accommodus (poet.: rare), appdsitus : 
v. FIT (adj.), ADAPTED. 4. con- 
gruens, consentaneus, convéniens, con- 
sentiens: V. APPROPRIATE, AGREEING 
(adj.), APPLICABLE. 5, ingénidsus 
(naturally adapted : poet.): v. ADAPT- 
ED (4.). 6, habilis, e (in active sense, 
possessing ability or capability): v. FIT 
(adj.,3.). "J, comméddus, opportinus: 
V. CONVENIENT (I1.), OPPORTUNE. 8. 
décdrus, décens: v. BECOMING (adj.). 
9, dignus: v. worrTuyr. i 
aequus, par: V. RIGHT, PROPER. Phr.: 
classes of herbs s. for the bites of beasts, 
genera herbarum ad morsus bestiarum, 
Cic. Div. 1, 7, 13: not s., alienus (v. also 
UNSUITABLE): hence s., non alienus, 
Sall. C. 40, ad fin. [N.B—To be s.,expr.: 
Se by verb (v. To sult, B., TO BECOME), 
(2.) by sum with adj. (v. BECOMING, 
SUITABLE, FIT). (3.) by sum with prepp. : 
the other materials which are s. for con- 
flagrations, (reliquae res) quae sunt ad 
incendia, Caes. B. C. 3, 1o1, post init.: 
he orders things which are s. (or to the 
purpose), imperat quae in rem sunt, Liv. 
26, 44, ad fin.) 
suitableness: 1, convénientia : 
v. FITNESS, HARMONY (II.). 2. con- 
gruentia (rare): s. of manners, c. morum, 
Suet. Oth. 2, 


SULLEN 


sus: V. AGREEMENT (I.). 
8. of colours and shapes, d. colorum et 
figurarum, Cic. N. D. 2, §8, 145: v. also 
GRACE (V.). 5, opportiinitas, com- 
mdditas : v. CONVENIENCE. But often 
best expr. by adj. (v. SUITABLE). 
suitably: 1, apté, iddneé: v. 
FITLY. Q. apposite (appropriately) : 
to speak s. for convinciny, dicere a. ad 
persuasionem, Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 6. 2 
accommoddaté, congruenter, ad: v. AGREE- 
ABLY (I!.). 4, convénienter: to speak 
s. to one’s present condition, c. ad prae- 
sentem fortunae statum alicujus loqui, 
Liv. 23, 5, post init. Join: to live s. 
to nature, congruenter naturae conveni- 
enterque vivere, Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26: v. 
CONSISTENTLY. 5, décenter, digné: 
Vv. BECOMINGLY, PROPERLY. 6. expr. 
by prepp.: ex, de, secundum, pro (v. 
ACCORDANCE WITH, IN). 
suite: |. The retinue of a distin- 
guished personage: 1, cdmitatus, iis, 
m.: when the ambassadors were begin- 
ning to enter with a large s. quum 
magno c. legati ingredi inciperent, Cic. 
Cat. 3, 2,6: the imperial s., c. principis, 
Tac. H. 2,65: also c., absol., id. A. 13, 
46: v. also TRAIN, RETINUE, COURTIER 
@): 2. cOmites, um,c.: (a.) as. of 
JSriends, relatives, etc., which accom- 
panied magistrates into the provinces : 
Cic. Verr. 2, 10, 27. (b.) the attendants 
of distinguished private individuals: 
Suet, Caes. 4, med. 8. ministérium 
(a s. of attendants): to enrol s.s for the 
magistrates, m. magistratibus conscri- 
bere (7. €. lictores, viatores, etc.), Tac. A. 
Lpyarye ict Pun. 12,%y 5. kX- 4. 
familia (a s. of servants): Cic. pass. 
5, expr. by qui with a verb, signify- 
ing to escort: e. g. qui comitantur, de- 
ducunt, etc. (v. TO ESCORT, ACCOMPANY) : 
v. also ATTENDANT (subs.). Phr.: he 
had a s. of 300 youths, trecentos juvenes 
circa se habebat, Liv. 29, 1, imit.: cf. 
Cie. Verr. 1, 48: (also, without a verb, 
circa aliquem = oi wepi tiva: his s., 
omnes circa eum, Suet. Caes. 27): with 
a numerous §s., bene comitatus, Cic. Att. 
9, 2 (a.): with @ scanty s., parum comi- 
tatus, id. Cat. 2, 2, 4: without a s., solus, 
incomitatus (v. ALONE, UNACCOMPANIED). 
I]. 4 s. of rooms: perh. *conclavia 
continua s. inter se cohaerentia: *con- 
clavium series s. ordo: v. also SET 
(subs.). 
suitor: |. A petitioner,q.v.  |j. 
A s. for an office, candidate: v. CANDI- 
pate. Phr.: as. for popularity, aurae 
popularis captator, Liv. 3, 33, ad med. 
Ill. In law, a plaintiff: q.v. IV. 
A wooer, q. V.: 1. procus: Penelope 
obstinate to her s.s, P. difficilis procis, 
Hor. Od. 3,10, 11. Q, amans, imator: 
v. LOVER. Phr.: she rejected the ad- 
dresses of many Ss.s, multis petentibus 
aspernata nuptias est, Liv. 40, 4, imzt.: 
many were her s.s, multi illam petiere, 
Ov. M. 1, 478: why art thou s. for my 
daughter ? cur poscis meam gnatam 
tibi? Pl. Aul. 2, 2, 42. 
sulkily: best expr. by adj. (v. 
SULKY): e. g. to bes. inclined, *morosa 
ac tacita natura esse: to behave s., *irae 
indulgere tacitae. 
sulkiness: *natura morosa ac ta- 
cita: but best expr. by adj. (v. SULKY): 
v. also SULLENNESS. 
sulky: no exact equivalent: perh. 
most nearly expr. by, morosus ac recon- 
ditus (based on Cic. Quint. 18, 5g, natura 
tristi ac recondita fuit)- *morosus ac 
tacitus: irae indulgens tacitae (based on 
Liv. 3, 53, med.): v. also SULLEN (II.). 
[7o be s., may sometimes be expr. by, 
aegre s. graviter ferre. } 
sullen: |. Gloomy, dismal (cf. 
“Night with her sullen wings,” Milton): 
1, tristis: the s. mariner, navita t. 
(Charon), Virg. Aen. 6, 315: cf. t. sorores 
(i. e. the Fates), Tib. 3,3,35. Q, tor- 
vus: Vv. GRIM, See also GLOOMY, DISMAL, 
FORBIDDING. |]. -Worose, q. V.: tristis, 
tetricus. Phr.: to look s., frontem s. 
supercilia contrahere (Vv. TO FROWN); 
s. Mars, Mars nubilns ira, Stat. Theb. 3, 





8. constantia, consen- | 230: to be s., pervicacis irae esse, Curt. | doque videre 
3G 





SUM 
4, décentia: | 8, 6, init. ‘||. Intractable, q. v. 
Join: contumax ac refractarius, Sen! 


Ep. 72, init. 

sullenly: expr. best by adj. (v. 
SULLEN, II., IT].): v. also MOROSELY, 

sullenness : |. Moroseness, q. V.: 
tristitia, natura nimis tristis atque re- 
condita (v. MOROSENESS). Phr.: s., ira 
tenax (obstinate anger), Ov. Pont. 1, 9, 
28° away with s. (or assumed severity), 
deme supercilio nubem, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 
94 (cf. triste supercilium, Mart. 11, 2, 1). 

Il. Intractableness, q.v. Or expr. 

by adj. (v. sULLEN, IL, ILL). 

sully (obsol. except in fig. sense: 
the literal sense being supplied by such 
verbs as to spot, soil, tarnish): 1. in- 
quino, 1: to s. another’s reputation, i. 
famam alterius, Liv. 29, 37, med. * 
contamino, maciilo, commaciilo: v. To 
POLLUTE (2,4), TOSTAIN. Phr.: tos.a 
brilliant life, vitae splendorem maculis 
aspergere, Cic. Planc. 12, 30: cf. labem 
alicujus dignitati aspergere, id. Vat. 6, 
15° fearing lest the glory of his victory 
should be sullied by a blot of cruelty, 
verens ne victoriae gloria saevitiae ma- 
cula infuscaretur, Just. 12, 5, post init. 
(For to s. one’s character, V. TO BRAND, 
DEFAME (4).] 

sulphate: su!phas, atis,m.: M. L. 

—— of iron: v. sory. 

sulphur; sulfur (sulphur and sul- 
pur), aris, n. (but m. in Veg. Vet. 1, 38, 
med.): Plin. 35, 15, 50,§ 174: Lucr. 6, 
221 (219). Also in plur.: native or 
virgin s. sulfura viva, Virg. G. 3, 449: 
containing or like s., sulfiireus (¥. SUL 
PHUREOUS): impregnated with s., sulfai- 
ratus (Vv. SULPHURATED): full of &., 
sulfiirdsus (v. SULPHUREOUS): a mine of 
s., Sulfuraria, Ulp. Dig. 48, 19, 3: @ vein 
of s., sulfuratio, Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, med.: 
veins of s., sulfurata (sc. loca), Plin. 31, 
3, 28, § 48: s- (or brimstone-matches), 
sulfurata, Mart. 1, 41 (42), 4. 

sulphurated (impregnaied with sul- 

ur), sulftratus: s. springs, 8. fontes, 

itr. 8, 3, post init.: s. water, 8. (aqua), 
Plin. 31, 6, 32, $ 59. 

sulphureous: |. Like sulphur: 
sulfiireus: s, water, s. aqua, Virg. Aen. 
7, 517: cf. 8. lux fulminum, Plin. 35, 15, 
50, § 177: s. odor, id. 36, 19, 34, § 141. 

||. Full of sulphur: sulftirdsus: & 

springs, s. fontes, Vitr. 8, 3, med.: Vv. 
alsO SULPHURATED. 

sulphuric acid: *acidum vitrioli 
(Georg. ). 

sulphurous, sulphury: v- SUL- 
| PHUREOUS, 
| sulvhur-wort (a plant: called also 
| hog’s fennel): peucédanum or -on, i, n., 
and peucédanos, i, m. (= wevxedavor OF 
-os): Plin. 25, 9, 70, § 117: Lucan 9, 
gIg (917): called also pinastellum, App. 
94. (*Peucedanum officinale, 


sultan: 1, *imperator Turcicus 
(Georg.). 2, sultan, anis, m. (a Chal- 
daic word: an Eastern ruler): Coripp. 

sultana, sultaness: * imperatoris 
Turcici conjux (Georg.): * regina Tur- 
cica (Ainsw.). 

sultriness: Vis aestiis: the excessive 
s. occasioned a general sickness in both 
camps, intoleranda vis aestus per utraque 
castra omnium ferme corpora movit, 
Liv. 25, 26, med.: cf. fervidus aestus, 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 383 v. also HEAT (subs., 1, 
5): perh. too calores, fervores may serve 


ee HEAT, subs.). Expr. also by adj. 
1, aestudsus: mast s. days, 


Vv. SULTRY). 

sultry: _ t 
aestuosissimi dies, Plin. 34, 12, 28, § 116: 
the s. Syrtes, a. Syrtes, Hor. 1,28) oe 
v. also Hor (4). 2, aestifer- lands of 
s. Libya, aestiferae Libyes arva, Lucan 
1, 206: cf. Sil. 17, 447- 3, torridus 
(parching): a s. summer, t. aestas, 
Virg. E. 7, 48: the s. air glows, t. 
aestuat aer, Prop. 2, 28 (3, 23), 3: 
v. also HOT, FIEBY. 

sum (subs.): |. The aggregate or 
amount: summa: by adding and sub- 
tracting to see what the s. of the re- 
mainder comes to, addendo deducen- 
quae reliqui s. /- Cic. Off. 

17 





SUM 


SUMMIT 





I, 18, 59: the s. of all s.s (i.e. the uni- 
verse), Summa summarum, Lucr. 3, 817: 
v. also ALL, IN: TOTAL (swbs.). I]. 4 
sum of money: péctinia: @ large s., 
magna s. grandis p., Cic. (v. LARGE, L., 
2): a small or moderate s., parva s. me- 
diocris s. tenuis p., id. Also in pl.: to 
exact s.s of money, pecunias exigere, id. 
Pis. 16, 38. 2, summa pecuniae (rare) ; 
Cic. Agr. 2, 24, 64. [N.B—sSuwmma is 
only used absol., when the context re- 
lates to money: cf. Liv. 32, 19, init. : 
simly., summula, Sen. Ep. 77, ad med.]} 
Phr.: the whole s., solidum (neutr. ab- 
sol.), Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46: cf. Hor. S. 
2, 5,65 (where the contr. form soldum 
occurs): for or at a small s., parvi s. 
parvo (v SMALL, adj., I, 1, c.): also, 
parvi pretii, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 14: parvo 
pretio, Caes. B. G. 1, 18. ad init.: for or 
at a large s., magni s. magno, Cic. pass. : 
also, magni pretii, magno pretio, id. (v. 
PRICE) : for a paltry s., numulis acceptis, 
Cic. Att. 1, 16, 6° let the vound s. of a 
thousand talents be made up, mille ta- 
lenta rotundentur, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 34. 
[I]. In writing, the swm and sub- 
stance: caput: the s. and substance of 
the letter, c. literarum, Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 
47: v. also PorntT (subs., IV.), GIsT. 
IV. In arithmetic, a problem: to do 
a s., *numeros consummare: *arithme- 
ticis se exercere: *arithmeticam ra- 
tionem ducere s. inire (based on Cic. 
err) 525, E29ds Nee: 35 29) 73)! 
to set a s., *arithmetica proponere. Y, 
Perfection : v. PERFECTION (II.). 
sum(v.),sumup: |. Zocalculate, 
q.v.: 1, subducere: to s. up the total, 
8. Summam, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: cf. s. 
rationes, id. (v. infr. II.): calculum ali- 
cujus rei subducere, id. Fin. 2, 19, 60. 
2, compiito, 1: v. TO CALCULATE, 
COMPUTE. 3, consummo, I: to s. up 
by arithmetic the expenses of buildings, 
c. sumptus aedificiorum per arithme- 
ticen, Vitr. 1, 1, post init.: cf. Sen. Ep. 
58, ad fin. Other exprr. less precise 
are: rationem inire, Caes. B. G. 4, 71: 
rationem inire et subducere, Cic. N. D. 


3, 29, 71: rationem ducere, id. Verr. 2, | 


52, 12g: v. also TO RECKON, COUNT. 
Phr.: tos. up all (= in fine), expr. by, 
ne multa s. multis (sc. dicam), Cic. : 
Ter.: quid plura? Cic.: denique, id.: 
uno verbo, id. Phil. 2, 22, 54: prorsus, 
Sall. C. 15: v. also ALL, IN. ll. To 
comprise in few words: Phr.: sum- 
matim breviterque describere, Cic. Or. 
15, 50: breviter paucis comprendere 
multa, Lucr. 6, 1082 (1080): to s. up, 
I am of opinion that. etc., summa judicii 
mei spectat bue ut, Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 46: 
the accounts having been calculated, I 
have s.’d up my deliberations, rationibus 
subductis summam feci cogitationum 
mearum, id. Fam 1, 9, to. 

sumac, sumach: rhis, rhois, c. 
(= povs): Plin. 24, 11, 54,§ 91- called 
also, frutex coriarius, ib.: v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v.: of the s., S.-, rhoicus: 
s.-leaves, r. (folia), Plin. ib. § 92. 

sumless (Pope): v. INCALCULABLE. 

summary (ad).): |. Brief, con- 
cise, q. V.: brévis, angustus, etc. Il. 


Hasty, sudden, q. v.: stibitus, répentinus. ! 


IIl.. Cursory, q. v. [For to take as. 
view of, VY. TO GLANCE (III.), To roucH 
UPON. } 

summary (subs.): €pitémeée, sum- 
marium, brévidrium (v. EPITOME). Phr.: 
@ short s. (or outline) of the whole matter, 
brevis totius negotii complexio, Cic. Inv. 
I, 26: cf. collectio, id. Brut. 88, 302: 
brevis repetitio rerum, Quint. 4, prooem. 
6 (v. also RECAPITULATION): the s. (or 
chief contents) of a letter, caput lite- 
yarum, Cic. Phil. 2, 31,77. [For to make 


summarily: 
q. v.: bréviter, angusté, etc. I]. Cur- 
sorily : 1, summatim: to treat some- 
thing s.,s. aliquid attingere, Quint. ro, 1, 
44. Join: to write s., s. breviterque 
componere, Suet. Tib. 61, ad init. 2. 
strictim: v, CURSORILY, TO GLANCE (II1.), 
TO COMPRESS (I1.). api 
heads: rave): Nep. Cato, 3, med. Join: 

818 


| breviter atque c., Plin. 2, 12, 9, § 55- 








| Liv. 45, 9, extr. 


Il. Without delay or preamble: 
Phr.: sine mora, Cic. pass.: missis am- 
bagibus, Hor. S. 2, 5, 9. v. also HAND, 
OUT OF : PROMPTLY. 

summation: v. CALCULATION. 

summer (swbs.): aestas, atis, f.: 
wandering in winter and s., hieme et 
a. peragrantes, Cic. liv. 1, 42, 94: at the 
beginning of s., a. ineunte, id. Att. 4, 2, 
6: cf. inita aestate, Caes. B. G. 2, 2: a. 
nova, Virg. Aen. 1, 430: the middle of 
S., a. media s. summa (v. MIDSUMMER) : 
in the hottest part of s., flagrantissi- 
ma a., Gell. 19, 5, imit.: the s. being 
already far advanced, a. jam adulta, 
Tac. A. 2, 23, init.: at the very end of s., 
a. exacta, based on Sall. J. 61, init.: 
the s. being now almost ended, affecta 
jam prope a., Cic. Oecon. in Non. p. 161, 
2: of S., S.-, aestivus (Vv. SUMMER, adj.) : 
Phr.: to spend the s. at, aestivare (with 
in and abl., or gen.), Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 
ad med.: Suet. Galb. 4: Ecbatana ts the 
place where they spend their s., Ecbatana 
aestiva agentibus sedes est, Curt. 5, 8, 
init.: in the middle of s., mediis ca- 
loribus, Liv. 2, 5, post init. : cf. solstitiale 
tempus, id. 35, 49, med. (v. also SOLSTICE). 
Fig.: thes. of life, matura aetas, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 438. 

summer (in architecture): v. BEAM 
(subs., I.), LINTEL. 

summer (v.): Vv. SUMMER (subs., 
Phr.). Phr.: a place fit tos. in (=a 
suitable summer residence), locus aesti- 
vus, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, I, 2. 

summer (adj.): aestivus: s. breeze, 
a aura, Hor. Od. 1, 22, 18: s. camp (or 
quarters), a, castra s. aestiva (absol.), v. 
Smith’s Dict. Ant. p. 244: s. clothing, a. 
vestimenta, Sen. (Georg.): s. days, a. dies, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 31, 81: as. dress, vestis a 
levitate, based on Plin. 11, 23, 27, § 78: 
s. months, a. menses, Cic. Att. 5, 14, 2: 
Ss. pastures, aestiva (absol.), Plin. 24, 6, 
19, § 28: cf. a. saltus, Liv. 22, 14, med.: 
a s. residence, locus a., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2: 
Praeneste, a delightful s. retreat, P. aes- 
tivae deliciae, Flor. 1, 11, med.: or may 
be expr. by, suburbanum (sc. praedium), 
Cic.: s. shade, a. umbra, Ov. M. 13, 792: 
s. sun, a. sol, Virg. G. 4, 28: s. time, a. 
tempora, Cic. Verr. 5, 31, 80 (v. also 
SUMMER, subs.). Phr.: through the calm 
s. air, per aestatem liquidam, Virg. G. 
4,59: cf. aetate serena, id. Aen. 6, 707: 
I have been like a s. plant (i. e. one that 
quickly withers). quasi solstitialis herba 
fa PL Panr, a. 20: 

summer-duck (an American spe- 
cies): *anas sponsa (Webster). 
-house: *aedes aestivae (Kr.) : 
trichila, umbractilum (v. ARBOUR). 

— -like: aestivé: we are provi- 
sioned in a very s. manner (i. e. scantily), 
a. admodum viaticati sumus, Pl. Men. 2, 
I, 30. May be expr. also by adj. (v. 
SUMMER, ad)j.), 

summersault : v. SOMERSAULT. 

summing up (subs.): expr. by verb 
(v. TO SUM UP). 

summit: 1, caciimen, inis, n. 
(prop., that which ends in a point): the 
s.s of @ mountain, c. montis, Lucr. 6, 
462: cf. montana c., Ov. M. 1, 310: the 
s. of a pyramid, c. (pyramidis), Plin. 
36, 12, 17,979. Also of trees: cf. Virg. 
E. 6, 28: id. G. 2, 307: v. also Top. 

2. culmen, inis, %. (prop., the top of 
a building): the s.s of the Alps, c. Al- 
pium, Caes. B.G, 3,2,extr. Fig.: Troy 
topples down from tts lofty s., rit alto 
ac. Troja, Virg. Aen. 2, 290. Also 
strengthened with summus: the highest 
s. of good fortune, suammum c. fortunae, 
3. vertex (prop., the 





| crown of the head): fires bursting from 
a s. of, V. TO COMPRESS (II.), EPITOMIZE. ] | 


|. Briefly, concisely, | 


Aetna’s s., ignes qui ex Aetnae vertice 
erumpunt, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 106: cf. Ov. 
M. 1, 316: Lucr. 6, 467 (465): the s. of 
an oak, v. quercus, Virg. Aen. 3, 679: 
the s. of the citadel, v. arcis, Lucr. 6, 751 
(149). 4, fastigium (in this sense 
only fig.) : to stand on the s. of eloquence, 
stare in f. eloquentiae, Quint. 12, I, 20: 
V. EMINENCE (II., 1.). 5, expr. freq. 
by summus s. suprémus: the s.s of the 


SUMMON 








mountains, montes supremi, Virg. G. 4, 
460: cf. Lucr. 1, 275 (268): montes 
summi, Hor. Od. 2, Io, 11: summum 
jugum montis, Caes. B.G. 1, 21. Rarely 
as subs.: to ascend to the s. of the moum- 
tain, ad summum montis egredi, Sall. J. 
93,ad med. Fig.: to reavh the s., not 
by a steady effort but bya ch, ad sum- 
mum pervenire non nixu (al. nisu), sed 
impetu, Quint. 8, 4, 9: the s. of fame, 
summa claritudo, Sall. J. 2,e¢¢t7r7. Phr.: 
Parnassus with tivo s.s, P. biceps, Ov. 
M. 2, 221: cf. anceps, ib. 12, 337: v.also 
HEIGHT. 
summon: |. In gen. sense, to 
call : 1, cito, 1: he ordered the 
fathers to be s.’d by herald to the senate- 
house, patres in curiam per praeconem 
citari jussit, Liv. 1, 47, post med.: to s. 
the senate, c. senatum, id. 9, 30, post init. : 
c. senatores, id. 3, 38. 2. voco, i: he 
s.s Dumnoriz to his presence, Dumnori- 
gem ad se vocat, Caes. B. G. 1, 20: to s. 
one to a public meeting, aliquem in con- 
tionem y., Cic. Acad. 2, 47, 144: to s. to 
arms, Vv. ad arma, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21: 
cf. v. in arma, Virg. Aen. 9, 22 (cf. con- 
clamare: Vv. TO SouND, A., I., 4.), Also 
of inanimate objects, to invite: the softly 
rustling South s.s to the deep, lenis cre- 
pitans vocat Auster in altum, Virg. Aen. 
3, 70: cf. Ov. R. Am. 532: Liv. 28, 15, 
ad fin. 8. advéco, I: Vv. TO CALL 
(II., 2.), ASSEMBLY (5.). 4, Evdco, 1: 
to s.a great part of the townsmen to 
war, magnam partem (oppidanorum) ad 
bellum e., Caes. B. G. 7, 58: v. also TO 
CALL FORTH. 5, convoéco, 1: to s. the 
chiefs of the Treviri to his (Caesar’s) 
presence, principes Trevirorum ad se ¢., 
Caes. B. G. 5,4: the senate was s.’d, sen- 
atus convocatus est, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 3: 
v. also Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 6. 
provéco: v. TO CHALLENGE. 7, ar- 
cesso, vi, itum, 3: when men were being 
sd from the plough to be made consuls, 
quum ab aratro arcessebantur qui con- 
sules fierent, Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50: v. 
also Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. Cf. accio, 
excio, (v. TO FETCH, 2., 4.), adhibeo (v. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. I1.): v. also To 
INVITE, I]. Zo call to one’s assist- 
ance : 1. advéco, 1: Alcides s.s (to 
his aid) all arms, A, omnia arma 4., 
Virg. Aen. 8, 249: cf. a. secretas artes, 
Ov. M. 4, 138. 2, inclamo, I: v. To 
CALL ON. 3. invdco (except in Tac. 
limited to invoking divine assistance: 
Vv. TO INVOKE): to s. (or appeal to) the 
Roman arms against the Cherusci, arma 
Romana adversus Cheruscos i., Tac. A. 
2, 46, fin. Ili, In judicial sense, to 
order to appear in court (a.) the defend- 
ant: J, voco,1: you s. (him) to court: 
he follows, in jus vocas: sequitur, Cic. 
Quint. 19, 61: to s. some one before the 
judge, v. aliquem in judicium, id. Balb. 
28, 64: cf. judicio aliquem arcessere, id. 
Flace. 6, 14: v. also TO SUE. 2. ap- 
pello, 1: lest some be punished, others 
be not even s.’d, ne alii plectantur, alii 
ne appellentur quidem, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 
89. 3. cito, 1 (to call upon a person 
in court, whether defendant or plaintiff, 
to make his appearance: said of the 
praeco): (the officer) s.s the accused: he 
(the accused) answers not (to the sum- 
mons), citat reum- non respondet, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 40,98. 4, expr. also by diem 
dicere alicui: Cic. Div. in Caecil. 20, 67: 
and pass.: v. also To AccuSE ([.). (0.) 
the witness: 1, denuntiare testi- 
monium (with dat. of pers.) : should the 
accuser have wanted to s. them as wit- 
nesses, si accusator voluerit testimonium 
eis d., Cic. Rose. Am. 38. rio: cf. id. 
Verr. I, 19, 51. Also denuntiare testi- 
bus, based on Quint 5, 7, 9. (testes) qui- 
bus in judiciis publicis lege denuntiatur, 
2. antestor, 1: Hor. §. 1,9, 76: v. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. SAcito; re 
to s. as witness to some matter, c. testem 
in aliquam rem, Cic. Verr. 2, 59, 146: 
vy. also TO CALL UP. (c.) the debtor: 
appello, 1 (v. Forcell. s. v.): Cic. Quint. 
12, 40 and 41 (where it occurs absol. 
four times) also, a. de pecunia, id. Phil. 
2, 29, 71. [N.B.—Admonere aliquem, 


eS 


SUMMON-UY 


3ic. Quint. 12, 40, as given in R. and A., 
simply means to dun, and is not strong 
snough.]  |V. As a military term, to 
3. to surrender: invitu, 1: tos. the enemy 
to surrender, i. hostes ad deditionem, 
Hirt. B. G. 8,19. Phr.: tos. a city to 
surrender, *postulare ut urbs tradatur 
(Georg.): *denuntiare hostibus ut se 
(s. se urbemque) dedant (id.): * civibus 
imperare deditionem (Ainsw.). 
summon-up : |. To s. up one’s 
courage: animum (s. animos) sumere, 
animum erigere, etc. (v. TO MUSTER, IL, 
TO PLUCK UP, II.). [|]. Vos. up one’s 
energies or strength: omnes nervos 
contendere, niti, etc. (v. To ExERT, IL, 
TO STRAIN, TO STRIVE). ff, Zo call up 
the spirits of the dead: excito, @licio: 
v. TO CALL UP (1., 3.), TO CALL FORTH (4.). 
summoner: |. One who sum- 
mons, in gen. sense: expr. by verb (v. 
TO SUMMON). Il. An officer attached 
to a court of justice: 1, viator, oris, 
m. (an officer whose duty was to sum- 
mon persons before the magistrates) : 
Cic. de Sen. 16, 56: Liv. 2, 56, post med. : 
Varr. in Gell. 13,12, med. 2, _praeco, 
Gnis, m.: Suet. Tib. r1. 3, apparitor 
public servant) : Cic. 
summons: |. A message or call : 
], vocatus, iis, m. (only in abl. 
siug.): V. CALL (subs.). 2. accitus, 
iis, m. (only in abl. sing.): the magis- 
trates are called out at his s., magistra- 
tus accitu istius evocantur, Cic. Verr. 3, 
28, 68: at the s. of his dear sire, accitu 
cari genitoris, Virg. Aen. 1, 677. 3 
arcessitus, is, m. (only in abl. sing ): 
when I had come to him at his own re 
quest and s., quum ad eum ipsius rogatu 
arcessituque venissem, Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 
15: Icome here at your s., tuo a. venio 
huc, Pl. Stich. 2, 2, 3. Phr.: that he 
would take up arms at the first s., ubi 
primum bellicum cani audisset, arma 
capturum, Liv, 35, 18 v. also SIGNAL. 
N.B—To give or receive a s., may be 
expr. by the act. or pass. of verb: v. TO 
SUMMON. ] |]. In law, a citation to 
appear in court: vocatio: Varr. in Gell. 
13, 12, med.: ib. 13, 13, fin. [N.B.—Yo 
serve a@ s., may be expr. by appello s. 
appello de pecunia (v. TO SUMMON, 
IL, c.): to receive a s., by appellari s. 
appellari de pecunia. } 
sumpter-horse: Vv. PACK-HORSE. 
— -gsaddle: v. PACK-SADDLE. 
sumptuary (regulating expense) : 
sumptuarius: a s. law, lex s., Cic. Att. 
13, 7, 1: Suet. Aug. 34, init.: s. laws, 
relating to food, are called leges cibariae, 
Cato in Macr. S. 2, 13, post med.: v. 
alsm Smith’s Dict. Ant. p. 1077, seq. 
sumptuous: 1, sumptuosus: s. 
suppers, 8. coenae, Cic. Fam. 9, 23: s. 
games, s. ludi, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8,6. 9. 
dapsilis, e: s. expense, d. sumptus, PI. 
Most. 4, 2, 66: s. dowries, d. dotes, id. 
Aul. 2, I, 45. 3. apparatus: fo enter- 
tain with a s. banquet, a. accipere epulis, 
Liv. 23,4. Join: most s. games, !udi 
apparatissimi et magnificentissimi, Cic. 
Sest. 54,116. 4, Opiparus: s, Athens, 
o. Athenae, PL Pers. 4, 4, I: s. presents, 
o. munera, App. M, 5, p. 165 (p. 106, 
Bipont. ed.). 5, lautus: a very s. 
banquet, lautiores epulae, Stat. S. 1, 6, 
32: a most s. supper, lautissima coena, 
Plin. Ep. 9, 17: Vv. also SPLENDID, SU- 
PERB, LUXURIOUS. conquisitus, 
exquisitus (v. CHOICE, adj., 1.). 
sumptuously : 1, sumptudsé : 
Cat. 47 (45), 5: Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20. 2, 
dapsilé (rare) : to feast s., d. (convivari), 
Suet. Vesp. 19. 3, laut@: to be more 
s. entertained, lautius accipi, id. Cal. 55: 
ef. 1. vivere, Nep. Chabr. 3. 4, dpi- 
pare: a feast s. prepared, 0. paratum 
convivium, Cic. Off. 3, 14. 58: a house 
richly and s. furnished, instructa domus 
opime atque o., Pl. Bac. 3, 1,6. Join: 
to eat and drink s., 0. et apparate edere 
et bibere, Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1. Expr. 
also by adj. and subs.: e. g. to entertain 
S., apparatis accipere epulis (v. SUMPTU- 
0s): V. alsO MAGNIFICENTLY, SPLENDID- 
“7, LUXURIOUSLY. 


sumptuousness: luxus, lautitia, 











SUN-DRIED 


apparatus: Vv. LUXURY, SPLENDOUR. But 
often best expr. by adj. (v. SUMPTUOUS). 
sun (subs.): |. The sun itself : 
sol, solis, m.: the s., leader and chief 
and governor of all other lights, s. dux 
et priuceps et moderator luminum reli- 
quorum, Cic. Rep. 6, 17 (4). 17: Ue 
rising s., 8. oriens, id.: also, 5. exoriens, 
Virg. G. 1, 438 (v. TO RISE): the setting 
s., 8. occidens, Cic.: cf. s. cadens, Virg. : 
s. decedens, id. E. 2, 67: s. occiduus, 
Ov. Met. 1, 63: s. pre2cipitans, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 55, 209 (Vv. TO SET): the s. enters 
Gemini, s. in Geminos introitum facit, 
Col, 11, 2, post med.: the sun’s rays, 
radii solis, Cic.: Virg.: cf. lumina solis, 
Lucr. 2, 161: also, soles (plur. of sul), 
Lucr. 5, 253: Hor. Epod. 2, 41 (v. also 
RAY): the brightness of the s., solis can- 
dor, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 40: ef. solis fulgor, 
Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 142: an eclipse of the 
s., solis defectio, etc. (V. SOLAR, nas 
ECLIPSE, subs.): the s.’s course, solis 
cursus, Lucr. 5, 77: the sun’s revolution, 
solis circuitus, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49 : con- 
versio (sulis), ib.: solis anfractus, id. 
Rep. 6, 12, 12: the sun’s disc, solis 
orbis (v. pisc). [In poet., the sun is 
also called, Phoebus, Titan, Phaethon : 
also mundi oculus, Ov. M. 4, 228.) 
Il. The light of the sun, sunshine: 

sol, solis, m.: to walle in the s. (or sun- 
shine), ambulare in sole, Cic. de Or. 2, 
14, 60 (v. also TO SUN): grapes ripen in 
the s., uvae a sole mitescunt, id. Oecon. 
in Gell. 15, 5: to put apples in the s. to 
dry, mata ponere in sole, donec arescant, 
Col. 12, 14 (v. TO suN): to be dried in a 
fierce s., sole acri siccari, Plin. 14, 8, 10, 
§ 77: to be dried in a gentle s., leni sole 
siccari, id. 21, 17, 68, § 111 (v. also To 
pry): the s. gaining power, sole inca- 
lescente, Liv. 22, 6, post med. : the noon- 
day s., s. meridianus, Plin. 12, 19, 42, 
§ 86: a room is flooded with s. (or sun- 
shine), cubiculum sole perfunditur, Plin. 
Ep. 5, 6, ad med. : a room gets the s. all 
day, * cubiculum toto die solem excipit 
(Georg.). Phr.: exposed to the s., apri- 
cus (v. SUNNY): to bask in the s., apri- 
cari (v. TO BASK): without s., opacus 
(v. sHapy). Fig.: of an extraordinary 


person: he calls Brutus the s. of Asia, 





solem Asiae Brutum appellat, Hor. S. 1, | 


7, 24: Africanus, a second s. A. sol 
alter, Cic. N. D, 2, 5, 14: to go forth 
into the s. and dust (i. e. into the con- 
tests of public life), procedere in solem 
et pulverem, id. Brut. 9, 37. Prov.: 
(i) the s. has not set fer ever (%. e. the 
world is not at an end yet), nondum 


omnium dierum sol occidit, Liv. 39, 26, | 


med. (ii.) clearer than the s. itself (or 
as clear as noonday, of anything self- 
evident), sole ipso est clarius, Arn. I, 28. 

sun (v.): |. To expose to the sun, 
for warming, drying : 
to s. grapes, uvas i., Col. 12, 39. (The 
same sense expr. ib. paulo supr., by in 
sole pandere.) 2, aprico, 1 (to warm 
in the sun): Pall. 1, 38. Chiefly as 
pass. refl., apricari, to bask in the s.: 
Cic. Tuse. 5, 32,92. _[J._In pass. only, 
to be (well) sunned; i.e. to receive a 
large amount of the s.’s rays: Phr.: 
frurt that nas been well s.'d is siveeter, 
*quae poma bene ardoribus solis con- 
cocta sunt, dulciora esse solent. 

sunbeam: fridius solis: v. RAY. 
Scorching s.s, nimii solis ardores, Cic. 
Sen. 15, 53. Also sometimes as pl., soles: 
ef. Lucr. 5, 252, pars terrai perusta soli- 
bus assiduis: Hor. 

sunburn: usu. pl., éphélis, idis, f. 
(freckle) : Cels. 6, 5. 

sunburnt: ‘Adustus: thes. (swarthy) 


what s. hue from travelling, adustioris 


coloris ex recenti via, Liv. 27, 47: Plin. 
Sometimes fuscus may serve: V. 
SWARTHY, DARK. 

Sunday: dies solis: M. L. ies 
Déminica, the Lord’s day: Scrr. Eccl. 


See also SappaTH.) S.-school, *schola 

quae diebus Dominicis habetur. 
sun-dew ; (a plant) *dréséra: Linn, 
— -dial] ; solarium: Cic.: v. DIAL. 
—— -dried ; passus (fr. pando) : Col. : 


1, insdlo, 1: | 








Moor, a. corpora Maurus, Sil.: of @ some- | 


SUPEREKOGATION 


Virg. (esp. of dried grapes and the wine 
made from them). 

sun-flower: *hélianthus: Linn. 

—— -rise; Solis ortus, iis: Cic. (Or 
expr. by verb: at s., sule oriente, sole 
orto: V. TO RISE.) 

— set: solis occ&sus, fis: Cic. 
(Or expr. by verb: at s., sole occidente, 
ubi sol occidit: v. TO SET.) 

sunder: sépiro, séjungo, etc.: v. 
TO SEPARATE. 

sunken: (part. and adj.): dé- 
pressus: v. TO SINK (trans.). Some- 
times, cavus (forming a cavity): & 
eyes, *oculi cavi. A 8. rock, saxum 
summo mari (aequori) subjectum. (But 
comp. Virg. Aen. I, 110, dorsum immane 
mari summo.) 

sunny: apricus: opp. to opacus 
(shady): Cic. Part. 10, 36: Liv.: Hor. 
S. spots or regions, aprica, Plin. 16, 
16, 28. 

sunshine; use sol: v. sun (LI.). 

sup (v.): |. 70 take a little of a 
JSluid: sorbillo, t: v. TO srP. Il. Zo 
partake of an evening meal: coeno, Avi 
and atus sum, 1 (in Rom. sense, to par- 
take of the coena: Vv. SUPPEK): or expr. 
by circuml., they s. before bed, * gustant 
antequam cubitum discedunt: heartity 
*largius se cibo invitant, antequam, etc, 

sup (subs.): i.e. a little taste, perh. 
gustus, Us: v. TASTE. Or expr. by 
verb: v. preced. art. (I.). 

superabound: expr. by siipéresse, 
supérare, with dat, of Eng. subject: cf. 
Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 19, cui tanta erat res et 
supererat (who abounded in wealth, nay 


 8.’d) : and Sall. Cat. 20, illis divitias 
superare (that they should s. in wealth). 


(N.B.—Not superabundo (late.)} 
superabundance: Abundantia: v, 


| ABUNDANCE: or expr. by verb: v. pre- 


ced. art. See also SUPERFLUITY. 

superabundant : quod superest, 
quod satis superque est: v. also ABUND- 
ANT. 

superabundantly: abundé (nearly 
as strong as Eng.: cf. Sall. C. 21, quibus 
omnia mala abunde erant): satis super- 
que, Cic. Am. 13, 45: quod supersit: v, 
TO SUPERABOUND. See also ABUND- 
ANTLY. 

superadd: usu. in pass., which expr. 
by accédo, ssi, ssum, 3: to the old age of 
App. Claudius was s.’d blindness, ad 
App. Claudii senectutem accedebat etiam 
ut caecus esset, Cic. Sen. 6,16 to this 
was s.’d, huc (eo) accedebat, Caes.: Liv 

superannuated: Phr: @ & 
soldier, *miles propter annos militia 
immunis: to become s., *propter annos 
lege muneribus exsolvi: or if the sense 
is simply, too old for active service, perh. 
*prae annis militiae (bello, muneribus, 
etc.) inutilis. 


superb: 1, magnificus: v. Mac- 
NIFICENT. 9, spécidsus (handsome 
and showy), pulcber, formosus: Vv. 


BEAUTIFUL. 3, lautus (esp. of furni- 
ture or entertainments): V. SPLENDID 
4, régalis, e (worthy of a 
: s. attire, r. ornatus, Cic. Fin. 2, 
69: regius: V. ROYAL. 5. 


so, 


| expr. by circumL, a s. steed, * eximia 


pulchritudine ac viribus equus. 

superbly: splendide, magnificé 
laute, etc. : Vv. SPLENDIDLY, etc. 

supercargo: *qui navis 
(mercibus navi impositis) praeest. 

supercilious: insdlens, arrdgans, 
siperbus, fastésus, etc.: V. HAUGHTY 
7 s. pag contemptor animus, Sall 
ug. 

Saparciliously: insdlenter, stiperbé, 
arroganter, etc.: V. HAUGHTILY. 

superciliousness : insdlentia, arrd- 
gantia, fastus, siperbia: v. HAUGHTI- 
NESS. 

supereminent: use superl. of prae- 
stans, @minens, etc.: V. EMINENT, RE- 
MARKABLE. 

supererogation: perb. expr. by 
ultro (of that which is done without 
one’s being called upon to do it): works 
of s., * quae ultro et Deo non exigente 
finnt bona opera. (*Supererogationis 
opera [quae a Theologicis en 

19 


oneri 


SUPEREROGATORY 


appellantur], Calv. 3, 14, 14: the term 
may be needed for theol. Lat.) 


supererogatory : *quod ultro fit: 


. preced. art. (* Supererogatorius, 
perh. as theol. t. ¢.) 
superexcellent: use superl. of 


praestans, excellens, etc.: V. EXCELLENT. 
superfetation : expr. by superfeto, 
1: Plin. 
superficial: |. Hzxisting on the 
surface merely: Phr.: a s. wound, 
vulnus quod in summa parte est, opp. to 
quod alte penetravit, Cels. 5, 26, 7: also, 
quod in cute est, ib. § 23: and more pre- 
cisely, in summa cute, id. 5, 28, 1: cf. 
also, id. 5, 26, 35, ubi derasum attritumve 
est (s. injury by abrasion): @ s. layer 
of soil on rock, *terrae corium tenue 
saxo superjectum. I]. Math. ¢. ¢., 
relating to a superficies : superficialis, 
e: Cassiod. lll. Fig., shallow, not 
profound or thorough: Phr.: as. but 
agreeable author, levis quidem sed non 
injucundus tamen auctor, Quint. fo, 1, 
124 (Kr.): possessing a Ss. acquaintance 
with literature, literis leviter imbutus, 
id. 1, 2, 16: qui (monnisi) primis (ut 
dicitur) labris literas gustavit, cf. Cic. 
N. D. 1, 8, 20: no mere s. progress (in 
study), profectus non a summo petitus, 
Quint. 10, 3,2 (where there is an analogy 
suggested between culture of the mind 
and of the soil) : to get a s. acquaintance 
with studies, *studiis perfundi quidem 
sed non imbui [tingi], cf. Sen. Ep. 36, 4: 
to possess a showy but s, knowledge of a 
subject, *alicujus rei scientiam vendi- 
bilem quidem sed parum accuratam 
habere: s. (tinsel) happiness, bracteata 
felicitas, Sen. Ep. 115, 9: @ s. opinion, 
vulgi s. vulgaris opinio (popular, as we 
say, Opp. to more thorough treatment 
of a subject), cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 24; and 
id. I, 23, 109: V. POPULAR (IV.). 
superficiality: perb. lévitas (de- 
noting generally, want of weight, autho- 
rity, care, or accuracy) : V. SUPERFICIAL. 
superficially: used only fig.: 1. 
léviter (slightly): Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 24 
(1. eruditus): cf. id. R. Am. 32, jin., 
leviter transire ac tantummodo perstrin- 
gere unamquamique rem. 9. strictim 
(cursorily, as in passing, not dwelling 
upon a thing): Cic.: Quint. Phr.: to 
have studied a subject s., monnisi) primo- 
ribus labris aliquam rem attigisse, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 19, 87. See also preced. art. 
(IIL.). 
superficies: math. f. ¢.: 
ficies, Gi: Vv. SURFACE. 
superfine: |, Gf exceedingly fine 
texture: praeténuis, subtilissimus: v. 
FINE, THIN. I]. Very excellent: exi- 
mius, longe optimus, praestantissimus: 
_V. EXCELLENT. 
superfluity: 1. expr. by stper- 
sum, i77r.: I am afraid you will think 
I have a s. of words, vereor ne superesse 
mihi verba putes [opp. deesse], Cic. 
Fam. 13, 63: those who possess every kind 
of s., quibus omnia [bona] supersunt, 
cf. Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 19. 2. by stperfiuo, 
xi, xum, 3 (later=supersum): there 
should be no deficiency and no s. (re- 
dundancy), nihil neque desit neque su- 
perfluat, Quint. 8, 2, 22: Plin. 3. 
expr. by adj. stipervacuus, siipervacane- 
us, superfluus: v, SUPERFLUOUS. 
superfluous: 1, sipervacaneus: 
the enumeration of favours is s., com- 
memoratio officiorum s. est, Cic. Fam. 3, 
5: s. and useless, 8. atque inutilis, Liv. 
10, 24, med. 2. supervicuus ( = pre- 
ced., but later): s. honours of burial, s. 
honores sepulcri, Hor. Od. 2, 20, 24: 
Plin.: Col.: to be looked wpon as s., pro 
supervacuo haberi, Javol. Dig. 8, 4, 5. 
3, Otidsus (in language, having no 
Force, needless): s. verbiage, 0. sermo, 
Quint, 8, 2, 19. 4. siiperfiuus (late) : 
Sen. 9, siperforaneus (late and rare) : 
Sid. 6, expr. by circuml., minime 
necessarius: quod minime opus est, 
quod nihil attinet: v. NECESSARY. 
superfiuously: expr. by phr., quod 
supervacaneum sit, etc. 
superhuman: 1, sometimes 
divinus: s. origin (of Romulus), d. origo, 
820 


super- 








SUPERLUNAR 





Liv. I, 15: and in fig. sense, of what 
exceeds the ordinary range of humanity : 
astonishing and s. excellence, incredibilis 
et d. virtus, Cic. Rep. 3, 3: Quint. 2h. 
oftener expr. by circuml.: s. genius, 
plus ingenii quam videtur natura hu- 
mana ferre posse, Cic. Rep. 1, 14: to 
display &. genius, humani ingenii modum 
excedere, Quint. Io, 1, 50: s. stature and 
majesty, forma viri amplior augustior- 
que humana, Liv. 1, 7: or, simply, 
(forma) major humana, Juv. 13, 221: 
cf. Phaedr. 4, 34, 24, duo juvenes supra 
humanam formam. s. fortune, quod 
supra hominis fortunam est, Cic. Leg. 2, 
16, fin.: (a task) of s. difficulty, quod 
supra vires hominis est, quod est supra 
hominem, Cic. (Kr.): s. strength, vires 
humanis majores, humanarnm virium 
modum superantes (Kr.). 
superimpose: siiperimpono, 3: v. 
TO PLACE UPON. 
superincumbent: siperjectus, su- 
perinjectus. v. LYING (II.), TO LIE ON. 
superinduce: expr. by ferre, effi- 
cere, parere, with post: v. TO CAUSE, 
PRODUCE. 
superintend: 1, praesum, 77., 
with dat. (to be at the head of): to s. 
the erection of statues, statuis faciendis 
p. Cic. Verr. 2, 59, 144: to s. any 
business, negotio p., Caes. B. C. 3, 61. 
2. prociro, 1 (to look after a thing 
for another) : to s.any one’s affairs, ali- 
cujus negotia p., Cic. Fam. 12, 24: later 
with dat. of object: to s. the distribution 
of food, alimentis dividendis p., Capit. 
Also curo, in sense of, to have charge or 
command: V¥. CARE, TO TAKE. See also 
SUPERINTENDENT (curator). 8, ad- 
ministro, 1: v. TO MANAGE, 4, prae- 
sideo, 2: V. TO PRESIDE OVER. See also, 
TO COMMAND, (BE AT THE) HEAD OF. 
superintendence: cura, curatio, 
administratio, etc.: V. MANAGEMENT. 
superintendent: 1. praefectus 
(any controlling officer): s. of the curn- 
market, rei frumentariae (annonae) pr., 
Tac. A. 11, 31: S. of the engineers, pr. 
fabrum, Caes. B. C. 1, 24: V. GOVERNOR. 
Q. curator (one who has the charge 
of): s.s (the aediles) of the city and the 
corn-market, c. urbis annonaeque, Cic. 
Leg. 3, 3, 6: s. of the Aemilian Way, 
c. viae Aemiliae, id. Att. r 1: cf. id. 
Verr. 2, 59, 144, ¢. qui statuis faciendis 
praeesset. 93, procurator (for another 
person): V. MANAGER, AGENT. 4, 
expr. to be &., by praeesse, praepositus 
esse, etc. : V. TO SUPERINTEND, MANAGE. 
({N.B.—By no means superintendens. 
which is a needless barbarism. } 
superintending (adj.): expr. by 
qui (quae) praeest: moddérator (trix): 
curam alicujus rei gerens: V. TO SUPER- 
INTEND, etc. 
superior (adj.): |, More elevated : 
1, sipérior, us: s. in rank, fortune, 
Fame, loco, fortuna, fama s., Cic. Am. 25, 
94: of s. rank, honoris gradu superior, 
id. Fam. 2, 18. 2. amplior (more 
distinguished): vy. HIGH (IL). 3. 
mélior, us: v. GooD (L., 1., d.). ll. 
Having the advantage: 1, supérior: 
s. mm cavalry, equitatu snperiores (hos- 
tes), Caes. B. G. 7, 65. 9. mélior, us: 
s. in cavalry, melior equitatu (Poenus), 
Liv. 21,47. Phr.: to be s. in cavalry, 
plus valere equitatu, Nep. Eum. 3. 
II]. Im gen. sense, of a better kind : 
use compar. of bénus, praestans, prae- 
stabilis ; v. EXCELLENT. IV, Taking 
precedence of other things: antiquior, 
antiquissimus: v. IMPORTANT. 
, to be: supéro, 1 (with acc.): 
y. TO SURPASS. 
superior (subs.): expr. by qui prae- 
est, praepositus est: v. HEAD (VII.). 
Sometimes praefectus may serve: v. 
GOVERNOR, OFFICER. 
superiority: expr. by circuml.: v. 
SUPERIOR. 
superlative: i 
excellence: ingularis, eximius, prae- 
clarus, divinus, etc.: v. EXCELLENT, UN- 
PARALLELED. ||. In gram. : stiperla- 
tivus ; Charis.: Prise. 
superlunar: expr. by supra lunam. 








|. Of the highest | 





SUPERVENE 


supernal: supérus, siipernus, cce- 
lestis, divinus: V. UPPER, HEAVENLY. 
supernatural: _%. divinus: a s. 
cause, causa d., Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 33. % 
origin (of Romulus), origo d., Liv.: v. 
DIVINE. The adv. divinitus may often 
serve: to happen by @ s. cause, d. acci- 
dere, Cic. Part. 23, ad jin.: a s. fore- 
boding, praesagitio [extrinsecus insect] 
et inclusa d. (animo), Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66. 
2. expr. by supra naturam, etc. : 
not praeternatural but s., *quod non 
contra sed supra naturam rerum est: 
quod naturae (naturales) leges trans- 
cendit, supra naturae leges egreditur. 
[N.B.—No such word as supernatu- 
ralis.] 
supernaturalism: Phr.: to be- 
lieve in s., *non sine divina poteutia res 
fieri existimare. 
supernaturally: divinitus: v. su- 
PERNATURAL. 
supernumerary : ascripticius, as- 
criptivus, accensus: all which terms 
occur in milit. sense, and denote a kind 
of reserve force (cf. Liv. 8, 8, accensos, 
minime fiduciae manum): these were 
later called Supernumerarii, cf. Veg. 2, 
19, fin.: accensi, hoc est, postea additi, 
quos nunc supernumerartos vocant. 
(For non-milit. sense, perh. ascripticius 
is the best word.) 
superposition: expr. by verb: v. 
TO PLACE UPON. 
superscribe: siperscribo, 3: Suet. 
superscription: titiilus, inscriptio, 
@logiuni, etc. : v. INSCRIPTION. 
supersede: |. Zo come into the 
place of and UNNECESSATY : 
Phr.: the papyrus was s.d by parch- 
ment, *~membranarum usus in papyri 
locum venit atque increbruit: the dis- 
covery of gunpowder soon caused bows 
and arrows to be s.d, *pulvis nitratus 
repertus sagittarum usum_ sustulit. 
Il. Zo take the place of another 
officer: expr. by succédo, ssi, ssum, 3} 
(to succeed in office, correl. to décedo to 
retire): (angry) because you were s.d, 
(but) because Gabinius was not, quod 
tibi succederetur, quod Gabinio non suc- 
cederetur, Cic. Pis. 36, 88: v. TO suc- 
cEED. Also expr. by in locum alicujus 
venire: v. RooM. Phr.: after two 
years Feliz was s.d by Porlius Festus. 
biennio expleto accepit successuiem 
Felix Portium Festum, Vulg. Act. xxiv. 
28. II]. Zo depose: Phr.: magis- 
tratum alicui abvlere: v. TO DEPOSE. 
(N.B.—Supersedeo = to dispense with.] 
supersensual ; expr. by supra seu- 
sus esse, 
superstition: siiperstitio: to de 
away with s., s. tollere, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 
148: childish (old-wives’) s.s, aniles s., 
id.: the pl. is often used for greater 
completeness of conception: v. foll. art. 
(Religio only so in Lucr.) 
superstitious: 1, stiperstitid-us: 
Cic.: Liv. 2, expr. by superstitio: 
of persons only, superstitione imbutus, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 60. superstitionum pleu- 
us, cf. Liv. 2, 6 (religionum plena civit- 
as): superstitioni obnoxius, Tac. H. 5. 
13 (superstitioni gens dedita): super- 
stitione infectus, id. (Forcell.): of a s 
turn of mind, capti quadam supersti- 
tione animi, Liv. 26, 19: to be carriea 
away by s. notions, superstitione obli- 
gari, Cic. Div. 1, 4, extr.: s. practices, 
superstitiones: v. supr. [N.B.—Reli- 
giosus = religious, in good sense: rarely 
with a bad meaning, and best not se 
us ‘d_] } 
_ superstitiously : _ stiperstitiose ; 
Cic.: Suet. S. inclined, animo super- 
stitione infecto, etc.; v. preced. art. 
superstitiousness: V. SUPERSTI- 
TION. ; 
superstratum: ctrinm terrae 
supra impositum: cf. Plin. 31, 3, 28. 
V. STRATUM, LAYER. 
superstructure : * quod supra 
(adv.) [fundame: tis jactis] aedificatur. 
supervene: slipervénio, 4 (fo come 
on, as it were, on the top of something 
else): Quint. 9, 4, 23. See also TO sv0 


| CEED, FOLLOW. 








SUPERVISION 





supervision: ciira, ciiratio, etc.: v 
BUPERINTENDENCE. ; 

supine (a4j.): |, Lying on the 
back: supinus: snores &., stertit s., 
Hor. S. 1, 5, 19: Cic.: Virg. Also, ré- 
supinus (mostly poet.): Att. in Cic. : 
Ov. ll. Fig.: indolent: 1, st- 
pinus (rather late): Join: otiosus et 


supinus: supinus securusque, Quint. 
Rarely resupinus: Quint. 2, lentus: 
Vv. COOL, INDIFFERENT. 3, socors, 


Tdis: v. INDOLENT, LAZY, 

supine (subs.): siipinum (sc. ver- 
bum): Charis.: Prisc. (Included by 
Quint. in the Verba participialia: 1. 4, 
extr.) 

supinely : 1. siipiné (rare): Sen. 

. lente, negligenter, sdcorditer: 

Y. COOLLY, INDIFFERENTLY, INDOLENTLY. 

supineness: s0cortia, negligentia, 
supinus animus: Vv. SLOTHFULNESS, NEG- 
LIGENCE, INDIFFERENCE. 

supper: |. In common sense 
perh, coena (the principal Roman meal 
taken in the, or towards, evening): pass. 
But for precision it may be necessary to 
use circuml.; those who dine late mostly 
do not take s., * qui sero (vespere, ves- 
pertino) coenant nihil fere aliud cibi 
capiunt antequam dormiunt: vesper- 
tinus cibus may sometimes serve 
(R. and A.) : they mostly dine about noon 
and partake of a hearty s., * plerumque 
meridiano tempore coenant, et se largiter 
vespertino cibo invitant. I]. The 
Lord’s Supper: coena Domini, coena 
sacra, Caly. Inst. 4,17: coena Dominica, 
Vulg. 1 Cor. xi. 10: the term eucharistia 
is also used by eccl. writers. Phr.: to 
go to the Lord’s s., *ad mensam sacram 
accedere (Kr.). 

supperless: sine coena: also use 
jéjinus: v. FASTING. 

supplant: . Lit.: to trip up 
any one’s heels: supplanto, 1: Cic. Off. 
3, 10,42. ‘|. Fig.: to take the place 
of anvther, esp. by artifice: perh. sub- 
moveo, 2 (lit., to clear out of the way): 
cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 48, dispeream ni sum- 
mosses omnes : or perh. praeverto, ante- 
verto, 3 (to anticipate, get beforehand 
with) : to s.any one in the royal favour, 
*aliquem principis favore praevertere, 
antevertere, privare aliquem principis 
favore (Kr.): in alicujus locum (gra- 
on) favoris apud principem venire. 
[N.B.—Not supplanto in this sense. } 

supple: flexibilis, flexilis, mollis, 
etc.: V. FLEXIBLE, PLIANT. 

supplement: _ 1. suppleémentum 
(that which is to make up a de- 
ficiency): cf. TO FILL up. Freq. in 
mod. Lat. in literary sense ; e. g. *Frein- 
shemii supplementum (Q. Curt.), etc. 

2. perh. accessio (addition): a 

(mere) s. to the Punic war (Syphaz), a. 
Punici belli, liv. 45, 39, med. 

supplemental: *quod supplementi 
loco accedit: v. SUPPLEMENT. 

suppleness: mollitia, mollis s. flexi- 
bilis natura: v. FLEXIBILITY. 

suppliant (adj.): supplex, Iicis: 
s. hands, s. manus, Cic. Fout. 17, 38: 
Virg. 
suppliant (subs.): supplex, Icts, c. : 
he is your s., judges, vester est s., judices, 
Cic. Mur. 40, 86: as. for your mercy, 8. 
vestrae misericordiae, id. Coel. 32, 79. 

suppliantly : suppliciter- Cic. : 
Caes. Also, supplex may sometimes 
serve acc. to L.G. § 343: she s. stretches 
forth her hand, manus supplex tendit, 
Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18: Virg. Join: sup- 
pliciter demisseque, Cic. 

supplicate: 1. supplico, 1 (with 
dat. or absol.): humbly to s. any one, 
alicui summisse s., Cic. Pl. 5, 12: Ter. 
Join: precari, supplicare, Cic. 2. 
ebsecro, 1 (earnestly to entreat, conjure) : 
y. TO ENTREAT. 3, précor, déprécor 
{strengthened from simple verb): v. To 
PRAT«1 0 0p |e 

supplication: |. An entreaty: 
{prex), précis, em, e, f.: obsecratio, ob- 
testitio: v. PRAYER, ENTREATY. Jo 
make s., supplicare, etc.. Vv. TO SUPPLI- 
oaTE. (The use of supplicia = suppli- 


cations is rarc [Sall. Cat. 52] and not | Caes.: Cic. 


SUPPLY 































to be imitated.) Il. A formal and 


general appeal to the gods, in Roman 


usage: supplicaitio: to decree a s. on 
account of anything, 8. pro aliqua re 
decernere, Cic. Cat. 3, 6, 15: to decree a 
s. for two days, s. in bidunm d., Liv. Io, 
23: the pl. often occurs, of s.s prolonged 


for several days: Liv. |. ¢.: Cic. 


supplicatory: supplex: v. SUP- 
PLIANT (adj.). Ina s. tone, suppliciter : 
Vv. SUPPLIANTLY. 

supplied (part. andadj.): 1, ré- 
fertus (well s., abounding in: with 
abl.): well s. with all the gifts of 


Jortune, omnibus donis fo: tunae r., Cic. 


Tusc, 5, 7, fin.: Tac. 2. copidsus: a 


place well s. with provisions, lucus a fru- 


mento copiosus, Cic. Att. 5, 18: a@ safe 
and well-supplied camp, castra tuta et 
c., Liv. 9, 44. Join: [rebus omnibus] 
ornatus et copiosus, Cic.: copiosus vm- 
niumque rerum abundans, Nep. Eum. 8. 
3. instructus (fitted out, equipped) : 
an army equipped and s. with every- 
thing, copiae omnibus rebus ornatae at- 
que instr., Cic. Man. 8, 20: so, paratus: 
v. TO FurRNISH (II.). Phr.: re had set 
out for his province well s., in provinciam 
ane profectus erat, Cic. Verr. 1, 
36, gt. 
supply (v.): |. To fill up: ik 
suppleo, Evi, tum, 2: to s the place of 
anything, vicem alicujus rei s., Plin. Ep. 
5, 6, 25: of a parent, parentis locum s., 
Sen, trag.: v. TO FILL UP. 9. sarcio, 
résarcio, 4 (to make up what has been 
lost or repair damages): V¥. GOOD, TO 
MAKE. Phr.: tos. any one’s place, ali- 
cujus vice fungi, Liv. 1, 41, fin.: also, 
vicem explere, Tac. A. 4, 8: obtinere, 
Quint. 11, 3, 87: muneri alicujus suc- 
cedere, Cic. Verr. 4, 37, 81: *succedere 
in alicujus locum (R. and A.). Il. 
To furnish: 1. praebeo, 2: v. TO 
FURNISH. 2, ministro, 1 (usu. with 
acc. and dat.: to s.as an attendant or 
inferior may do): to s. any one with 
men and arms (said of a country), alicui 
viros et arma m., Tac. H. 4, 12: to Ss. 
any one with firebrands, faces alicui m., 
Cie. Pis. 11: absol. frenzy s.s arms, 
furor arma m., Virg. 3. suppédito, 1 
(to s. in abundance or sufficient quan- 
tity): to s. funds, sumptus s., Liv. 23, 
48: (pipes) by which the temples were 
s’d with water, quibus aqua suppedita- 
batur templis, Cic. C. Rab. 11, 31: to s. 
any one with corn, framentum ex pro- 
vinciis s., id. 4, suggéro, 3: v. TO 
FURNISH (l., 4). II]. In quasi-pass. 
use, tu be s.’d with, i.e. to have s. of: 


1, suppédito, 1: (things) with which | 


we are well s’d, while he is destitute, 
quibus nos suppeditamus, ille eget, Cic. 
Cat. 2, 11,25: whence the rivers are s.’d, 
unde flumina s., Lucr. 1, 232. 2. 
with dat. of person: suppéto, ivi and ii, 
itum, 3 (to be at hand, in store)’ if any 
oneis sd with these things, si cui haec 
suppetunt, Cic. Off. 2, 9, extr. 
supply (subs.) : |. In gen. sense, 
sufficiency of things for use or want: 
1, copia: to furnish any one with a 
s. of corn, facere alicui frumenti c., Caes. 
B.G. 1, 28: so, expr., having @ (good) s. | 
of, by copiosus: Vv. SUPPLIED (2.). 9. | 
facultas (means, command of things) : | 
ample s. of the necessaries of war, omni- 
um rerum quae ad bellum usui sunt, 
f. summa, Caes. B. G. 1, 38: abundant 
s., copiosa f., Col. 8, a sufficient s., 
satis: tantum quantum sat est: Vv. 
ENOUGH. |]. In pl. only: supplies : 
i.e. means of carrying on (esp. military) 
operations ¢ ], commeatus, us: used 
both as collect. sing., and in pl.: to col- 
lect s.s,commeatum [ex gris conveliars, 
Liv. 2, 14: to be cut off from s.s, com- 
meatu prohiberi, Cic. Man. 17: large s.s 
of corn, magni c. frumenti, Liv. As 
distinct from mere provisions: to cut 
any one off from corn and s.s, aliquem 
frumento commeatuque  intercludere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 48. 92. copiae, arum 
(provisions) : Caes. B. G. 4, 4 (partem 
hiemis se eorum copiis aluerunt): Tac. 
fiicuitates (means, resources): | 
4. of corn and provi- | 





SUPPORT 


sions, res friimentaria: v. PROVISIONS 
See also srore. |||, One who takes the 
place of another ; vicirius: qui alienam 
vicem obtinet: Vv. SUBSTITUTE. 
support (v-): |. 70 bear up, as 
a weight: 1, sustineo, ui, tentum, 2: 
to s. an oz on one's shoulders, bovem 
humeris s., Cic. Sen. 10, 33: an arch 
s.ing a bridge, fornix quo pons sus- 
tinetur, Auct. B, Alex. 19: Hor. 2. 
fulcio, suffulcio, 4: v. TO PROP. 3. 
expr. pass. by innitor, sus and xus, 3 
(lit. to lean upon): s.'d by two slaves, 
duobus servis innixus, Plin. kp. 6, 16, 
1g: Vv. TO PROP (3). 4, sublévo, 1 
(to lift or bear up): s.ing themselves by 
the manes of their horses, jubis equo- 
rum sublevati, Caes. B. G. 1,42: he died 
in the arms of those sing him (help- 
ing him up), inter manus sublevantium 
exstinctus est, Suet. Vesp. 24: W be 
s.'d by corks, * cortice sublevari. Il. 
To bear without giving way, bear up 
under: sustineo, féro, perféro, téléro: 
V. TO BEAR, ENDURE. |||, 7o keep (an- 
other) from giving way, help to bear: 
1, sustineo, 2: cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 
16, 43, amicum suum labentem excepit, 
fulsit, et sustinuit re, fortuna, fide : to s. 
the necessities of others, necessitates 
aliorum s., Liv. So esp. frequent. sus- 
tento, I: one consolation 8.8 me, Me una 
consolatio s., Cic. Mil. 36, 100. 9. 
adjiivo, dpitiilor, etc.: v. TO AID, HELP. 
IV. To maintain, nourish: 1. 
alo, ui, itum and ltum, 3: v. TO MAIN- 
TAIN (VL.). 9, sustineo,2: to bes.’d 
by any one’s liberality, alicujus muni- 
ficentia sustineri, Liv. 39, 9: Virg 
Join: ali et sustineri, Cic. So frequent. 
sustento, I: v. TO MAINTAIN (VL, 2.). 
3. exhibeo, 2 (in legal sense, lo 
furnish with a maintenance, whence 
Eng. an exhibition): to be (legally) com- 
pelled to s. children, liberos ex. cogi, 


Ulp. Dig. 25, 3, 5. V. To aid: # 
adjtivo, jiivo, 1: Vv. TO ASSIST. 3. 
adsum, irr. (to be present with: hence 


esp. of a superior who stands by another 
to uphold him by his presence and in- 
fluence ; to s.asan advocate: with dat.): 
the Athenians s.’d the petition of the 
Aetolians, aderant precibus Aetolorum 
Attici, Flor. 2, 9, 3: I as dictator will s. 
the veto, dictator intercessioni adero, Liv. 
6, 38, med.: Dicaearchus s.s this view, 
cui sententiae adest D., Plin. 2, 65, 65. 
3. sublévo, 1 (to lift up, as it were, 
and succour in need): to defend and s. 
people, homines defendere atque s., Cie 
Div. Verr. 2, 5: to s.in a candidature, 
aliquem in petitione s., Caes. B.C. 1, 22: 
V. RELIEVE. VI. To countenance and 
help by vote, interest, elc.: 1, suf- 
fragor, 1 (vote for: with dat.): Cic.: 
Liv.: in less exact sense, Hortensius 
8.5 you, opposes me, tibi Hortensius s., 
me oppugnat, Cic. Div. Verr. 7, 23: aud 
of Fortune aiding, id. Fam. 10, 5. » 
rh. adsum, ivr.: cf. supr. (V.). 
Phr.: tos. a particular proposal by vote 
(in the senate), in sententiam aliquam 
ire, Sall. Cat. 50. Vil. Zo sustain a 
part: sustineo, 2: V. TO SUSTAIN, 
support (subs): |, Lit.: a prop, 
Stay: 1, fulcimentum (/or propping 
up): the whole body abandoned by its 
s.s collapses, totum corpus desertum f. 
suis labitur in ruinam, Macr. 8. 7, 9, ad 
init.: Sol. 2, fulmentum (shortened 
from preced. for which it occurs as v.1.) 
Cels. (Fulcrum is regularly the foot ot 
leg of a couch.) 3, firmamentum 
(anything to add strength or stability) 
(cross-beams) to act as a s., quae firma- 
mento sint, Caes. B. C. 2, 15: Gell 
Less freq. firmimen, Inis,n.: Ov. 4, 
adminiciilum (of vines : called also ped- 


amen): V. PROP (L.). 5, st&timen 
(an upright, in wood-work). IL 
Fig.: wupholder, sup, r: cdlimen, 


praesidium: v. PkoP (1I.). Or expr. by 
verb : to be thes. of, sustinere. sustentare, 
tueri: v. prop (IL); also, TO MAINTAIN 
(L), DEFEND. |||. Nourishment, main- 
tenance: Alimentum, exhibitio, susten- 
tatio: v. MAINTENANCE (IL). Or expr 
by verb: v. TO MarNTAIN (VI), SUP- 
Roy 


SUPPORTABLE 


port (1V.). 1Y. In milit. sense: sub- 
sidia, orum: V. RESERYE. 
by tolerari, sustineri posse: v. TO BEAR, 
SUPPORT. 
supporter: esp. in political sense: 
1, suffrigator: v. voTER. The 
aggregate of a candidate's s.s may be 
expressed by copiae: cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 
44, petitorem... magnis coptis in cam- 
pum deduci volo (by numerous s.s). 
9. fautor, archaicé favitor (in gen. 
sense, @ promoter, partisan, approver 
of): @ s. of the aristocracy, nobilium 
fautor, Cic. R. Am. 6, 16: cf.id. Pl. init., 
where it is used of those who wish success 
to a candidate. 3. adjutor: v. HELP- 
Er. Join: [alicujus honori] favere, 
adjutorque esse, Caes. B.C.1,97. 4, 
cultor (one who devotes himself to): most 
faithful s. of the Roman empire, c. fidis- 
simus imperii Romani, Liv. 5, expr. 
to be a s. of, by verb: v. TO SUPPORT 
(V., VI.). 
supposable r expr. by putari, animo 
fingi, posse: v. TO SUPPOSE. 
suppose: |. Tolay down for the 
sake of argument or illustration : 1. 
pono, pdsui, itum, 3 (to asswme): s. that 
he is conquered, pone, victum esse eum, 
Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 25: Cic. Join: ponere 
atque concedere, Cic. 2. imperat. 
mood only, facio, 3 (denoting a case put 
which is not really so: whereas pono 
usu. assumes a thing as true): pray 
s. that you are I, fac, quaeso, qui ego 
sum esse te, Cic. Fam. 7, 23: Ov.: also 
with subj. fac velit, Stat. Ach. 2, 242. 
8, fingo, nxi, ctum, 3 (to fancy, 
imagine): s. that we have an Alexander 
given us (to teach), fingamus Alexan- 
drum dari nobis, Quint. 1, 1, 24: Cic.: v. 
TO FANCY, IMAGINE. [N.B—Not sup- 
pono, which in this sense has 10 autho- 
rity. ] I]. To be of opinion: 1. 
piito, existimo, 1: v. TO THINK. Puto, 
or ut puto, is often used parenthetically, 
like our J s.: Is., 1 am turning into a 
god, ut puto, deus fio, Suet. Vesp. 23: 
Mart. (Not so existimo, which implies 
more deliberate use of the judgment.) 
9. odpinor, 1 (denoting mere opinion, 
whether well-founded or not): also used 
with and without ut, parenth.: Cic. 
8, arbitror, 1: v. TO THINK. 4. 
crédo, didi, ditum, 3 (oft. about = Eng. 
I dare say): cf. Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5, si te 
jam, Catilina, interfici jussero, credo erit 
verendum (J s., I shall have reason to 
fear, etc.): V. TO BELIEVE. See also 
foll. art. 
supposing (part.): expr. by ut 
with suhj.: but even s. that to be so, 


verum ut ita sit..., Cic. Verr. 3, 64, 
151. Also the subj. may be used alone: 
cf. L. G. § 432. 

supposition: |. Something laid 


down as a basis of argument : expr. by 
pono, fiacio, fingo: on this s. (or assump- 
tion), quo posito, Cic. Fin. 3, 8, 29: v. 
TO suppose (I.). Also putare may some- 
times serve: and if this is too improb- 
able a s. to be entertained, * quod si vel 
putari (animo fingi) absurdum est; quod 
si ne putare quidem possumus: v. TO 
SUPPOSE (II.), FANCY. I]. A (mere) 
notion or unfounded belief: Opinio : 
mere s.s, Opinionum commenta: Cic. 
N. D. 2, 2, § : v. OPINION, CONJECTURE. 
supposititious: i. e. dishonestly 
substituted, not genuine: 1, subditus 
(p. part.): he suspects that he is a s. 
child, s. se esse suspicatur, Ter. Heaut. 
5, 3, 12) liiv.:) Dig: 9. subditivus 
(a generally descriptive term, whereas 
subditus simply denotes a fact respect- 
tng «@ certain person): Pl.: Suet.: Cic. 
(in somewhat diff. sense, Verr. 5, 27, 
69). 3. subditicius (= preced.): 
Pl.: Lampr. (Less good = precedd., 
suppdsitus, suppositicius: but the verb 
suppono may serve: she was my mis- 
tress’s s, child, herae meae supposita 
est parva, Pl. Cist. 4, 2, 5.) See also 
SPURIOUS, 
suppress: |. Zo put down, crush: 
1, comprimo, pressi, ssum, 3: f0 s. 








SUPREME 


SURETY, TO BE 





s. applause by word and gesture, mur- 
mura voce manuque c., Ov. M. 1, 206: 
Cic. 2. partially, for a time: re- 
primo, 3: Vv. TO REPRESS, 3. op- 
primo, 3 (to overwhelm, crush, usu. with 
ref. to open enemies) : Vv. TO OVERWHELM. 
See also infr. (LI.). 4, sédo, 1 (to 
quiet, quell): tc s. a mutiny (by restor- 
ing order): seditionem s., Cic. Rep. 1, 
38: Caes. 5, coerceo, 2: Vv. TO RE- 
STRAIN. I]. To keep quiet, prevent 
anything from becoming known : Le 
opprimo, 3: tos. and conceal anything, 
aliquid o. atque abscondere, Cic. R. Am. 
41, extr.: to s. infamy, infamiam o., 
Just. Q. reprimo, 3: (the recollection 
of a thing) not extinct but s.’d, non 
extincta sed repressa, Cic. Coel. 30. 3, 
supprimo, 3: to s.a@ rumour, famam s., 
Liv. 5, I. 4. also simple verb, pré- 
mo, 3: fo s. one’s anger (hide %t), iram 
p., Tac. A.6, 50: Virg. 5, exstinguo, 
nxi, nctum, 3 (to put an end to): to s. 
(silence) rumours, rumores ex., Caes. 
B. C. 1, 60. In same sense, rumorem 
abolere, Tac. Phr.: s.ing the name of 
her informant, sublato nomine auctoris, 
Sall. Cat. 23. Ill. Zo restrain, prevent 
from rising or breaking out: i, 
supprimo, 3: to s. one’s vexation, aegri- 
tudinem s., Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, 75: fo s. 
tears, lacrimas s., Albin. 2. re- 
primo, 3: to s. a groan, gemitum r., Ov. 
M. 9, 163: to s. anger, iracundiam r., 
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 8. 

suppression: chiefly in phr., s. of 
truth, suppressio veri: M. L. (Sup- 
pressio in Cic. Cl. 25, 68 = keeping back 
of money, embezzlement.) Or expr. by 
verb: V. TO SUPPRESS. 

suppurate: 1, suppiro, 1 (to 
form pus under the skin): Cels.: v. TO 
FESTER. 2. expr. by pus, puris, 7., 
with a verb: (the wound) s.s below the 
jot, pus infra articulum nascitur, Cels. 
5, 26, 28: the clotted blood s.s, sanguis 
concretus in pus vertitur, ib. § 23. So 
by humor: 7 the wound s., si quid intus 
{purulenti] humoris concreverit, ib. 
paulo infr.: cf. ib. § 31, ex nigro ulcere 
h. pallidus fertur. 

suppuration : 1, suppuratio: 

els. 2, 8, init.: Plin. 2. expr. by 
pus, with a verb: if s. have set in, *si 
pus nasci coeperit: v. TO SUPPURATE. 

suppurative (swbs.) : i.e. a medicine 
promotive of suppuration, medicament- 
um suppuratorium: Plin. 

supralapsarians: *supralapsarii, 
quos theologici, appellant: *qui supra 
Adami lapsum redemptionis hominum 
causas rationemque repetunt. 

supremacy : 1, principatus, ts 
(like Gr. nyepovia’ foremost position 
and control): to exercise s., p. tenere, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 31: s. of rank, dignitatis 
pr., Cic. Off. 2, 19, 66. Join: princi- 
patus atque imperium, Caes.: dominatus 
et pr., Cic. 2. doéminatus, tis (sove- 
reignty: esp. of an absolute kind: 
whereas principatus strictly denotes only 
highest position amongst those more or 
less nearly equal): Vv. SOVEREIGNTY. 
See also supr. (1). 3. impérium 
(supreme power): to fight for s., de im. 
decertare, Cic. Am. 8, 28 (of the wars 
with Pyrrhus and Hannibal): v. 
POWER, EMPIRE. To exercise s., domin- 
ari: Vv. TO RULE, REIGN. 

supreme: |. Most exalted: 1, 
supremus : oh! s. Jupiter ! pro, supreme 
Jupiter, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Pl. Also 
summus, in same sense: v. HIGH (II.,2), 
and v. infr. (phr.). 2. when the re- 
ference is to power rather than rank, 
déminus: the gods, s. rulers over all 
things, dii, d. omnium rerum ac modera- 
tores, Cic. Leg. 2, 7, init.: ef. id. Planc. 
4, ad fin., hujus principis populi et om- 
nium gentium domini atque victoris. 

3. or expr. by circuml.: s. God, cui 

omnia parent: qui omnia regit ac 
moderatur: Deus omnium rerum reg- 
nator: v. RULER, TO RULE. Phr.: s. 
power, imperium: esp. with summum : 
(consul) with s. power and authority, 
cum summo imp. et potestate, Sic. Verr. 


@ sedition, seditionem c., Liv. 2,23: 4o| Act. 1, 13, 37: also with omne: Cic. 


822 








Rep. 1, 48, omne imp, nostri penes singu- 


los esse voluerunt = (s. power over us): 
s. concern (interest) of the state, summa 
respublica, Cic. R. Am. 51, 148. I. 
Critical, of the utmost moment: sum- 
mus: at this s. moment for the state, 
summo reip. tempore, Cic. Ph. 5, 17, 46. 
Ill. Greatest, extreme: supremus: 
the s. penalty (death), s. supplicium, id. 
Leg. 2, 9, 22. 
supremely: wunicé, praecipué, prae 
omnibus ailiis, etc.: v. EXCEEDINGLY, 
INTENSELY. [N.B—Not potissimum, 
which simply means, rather than any 
other.] Join: unice et eximie diligere, 
Gell. Sometimes = altogether: s. un- 
concerned, unice securus, Hor. Od. 1, 
26, 5. 
surcharge (v.): |. Zo overload 
qd. Vv. |]. 0 charge something more 
make an addition to a tax: perh. maju; 
tributum exigere: plura exigere quan 
quae aestimata erant. 
surcharge (subs.): v. preced. art. 
sure: |. Objectively, certain, not 
to be doubted: , certus: v. CERTAIN. 
2, compertus (proved, satisfactorily 
made out): facts s. and certain, com- 
perta et explorata, Liv. 42, 13, init. (opp 
incertis jactata rumoribus): Cic. ‘ 
explodratus: v. CERTAIN. I]. To be 
trusted : 1, certus: a s. friend, c. 
amicus, Enn. in Cic.: s. men, Cic. Fam. 
Unite 2. fidus: v. FAITHFUL, TRUSTY. 
Ill. Subjectively, entertaining no 
doubt: usu. best expr. by phr.: J am 
quite s., compertum habeo, Sall. Cat. §8, 
init.: and with a certain diff. of mean- 
ing, mihi persuadeo, Cic. R. A. 2, extr.: 
also, mihi persuadetur, Caes. B. G. 1, 40: 
and persuasum habeo, ib. 3, 2, extr. 
[N.B.—Compertum habeo denotes the 
certainty resulting from external proof: 
the other phrr. only subjective convic- 
tion.] Parenthetically, J am s., may 
be expr. by hercle, mehercle, etc.: v. 
SURELY. 
— -footed: *qui pedibus bene ac 
firmiter insistit. 
surely: |, Securely, safely: tute, 
firmiter: Vv. SAFELY, FIRMLY. ; 
Without doubt : 1, certé, certo (of a 
certainty): V. CERTAINLY. . pro- 
fecto (an emphatic word, asswredly) : 
tt is not so, s. it is not, non est ita, non 
est p., Cic. Fl. 22, 53: you 6. remember, 
meministi p., id. Am. 1,2: Hor. St 
nimirum (no doubt: lit. strange if it 
were not so): V. UNDOUBTEDLY. 4, 
hercle, mehercle (rare): herctile, meé- 
hercule: herciiles, meherciles (by Her=- 
cules: formas of asseveration common in 
dialogue): and s. (sure enough) so he 
did, et hercle ita fecit, Cic. Am. 11, 39: 
this I shall say with truth, s., vere me- 
hercule hoc dicam, id. Plan. 26,64. 5, 
immo (imo), véro, Enimveéro (really, in- 
deed: esp. in reply to something that 
has been said): Vv. REALLY, INDEED. 
II. Implying a restriction: at least: 
certé, saltem: v. LEAST, AT. 
sureness: expr. by adj.: also some- 
times firmitas, stabilitas, may serve: 
V. FIRMNESS, STABILITY, CERTAINTY. 
surety: 1. vas, vadis, m. (gen. 
term: praes [v. injr.], denoting only a 
s. in a civil action): he became s. for 
his appearance, v. factus est ejus sis- 
tendi, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45: to give s., vades 
dare: v. BAIL. 2. praes, dis, m.: to 
take s. for public moneys, praedes pub- 
licae pecuniae accipere, Cic. Fam. 2, 17: 
to give s.s, p. dare, id. : v. SECURITY (V.). 
3. sponsor (one who pledges him- 
self on behalf of another: the vas and 
praes being usu. mere passive instrus 
ments in a legal transaction): Pompey 
is s. to Caesar for my good-will, Pom- 
peius s. est illi de mea voluntate, Cic. 
Prov. Cons. 18, 43: s. for the fulfilment 
of any one’s promises, s. promissorum 
alicnjus, id. Att. 15, 15. Esp. in ecel. 
sense, a s. in baptism: Tert. 4. 
obses, idis, c.: V. HOSTAGE. 
, to be or become: is, expr. 
by vas, praes, etc. with a verb: y. 
SURETY. 2. spondeo, spopondi, spon- 





| sum, 2 (in gen. sense: comp. SURETY, 3): 


SURETYSHIP 





SURPASS 





to make oneself s» for anu one, s. pro! 274. Phr.: to employ a s. operation to 


aliquo, Cic. Plane. 19, 47: and absol., 
Liv.: Hor. 3, intercedo, 3 (é.g. int. 

upiam): v. TO GUARANTEE (2). 4, 
praesto, stiti, stitum, 1: fut. part., prae- 
sta‘urus (to answer for): V¥. RESPON- 
SIBLE (I., 2). 5, satisdo, 1: v. TO 
GUARANTEE. 

uretyship: perh. vadimonia, 7. 
pl.: cf. L. G. § 591. 

surf: 1, aestus, iis, m.: the sea 
boils with s., fervet aestu pelagus, Pac. 
in Cic. de Or. 3, 39, 157. 2. fluctus, 
iis, m.; thes. rolled upon the shore, fi. vo- 
Intus ad terras, Virg. G. 3, 237: to leap 
from their ships and stand in the s., 
de navibus desilire et in fluctibus con- 
sistere, Caes. B. G, 4, 24. 3. spiimans 
unda cf. Virg. G. 4, 529: Vv. WAVE. 

surface : 1, superficies, éi, f- 
(post-August.): the s of the water, 8s. 
aquae, Col. 8, 15,3 Plin. 2, expr. by 
sgummus with subs.: to swim on the s. 
of the water, in aqua summa natare, Pl. 
Cas. 2, 6, 33: the springs are on the s., 
fontes sunt in summo, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, fin. 
Phr.: Avs envy was concealed, his flat- 
tery on the s., invidia in occulto, adulatio 
in aperto erat, Tac. H. 4, 4: [know you 
thoroughly and below the s., te intus et 
in cute novi, Pers. 3, 30. 

surfeit (swbs.) : |. Too much food 
or drinks : 1, satiétas, tatis, f. : fat- 
tened with a continual s., assidua s. 
obesus, Plin. 8, 26, 40, § 96. 2. sati- 
Titas, tatis, f.: drunk with as. of wine, 
saturitate ebrius, Pl. Capt. 1, 1,41. — I. 
The feeling caused by too much food or 
drink: 1, satiétas: he used to break- 
fast toa s., prandebat ad s., Suet. Dom. 
21. Q, fastidium: honey creates a s., 
mel f. creat, Plin. 22, 24, 50, § 109. 
Join: satietas et f., Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 
25. 8, criditas, tatis, f.: id. de Sen. 
13, 44. 4, crapila: to sleep off a s., 
c. edormire, id. Phil. 2, 12, 30. Phr.: 
his stomach being sich from yesterday’s 
s., stomacho marcente pridiani cibi onere, 
Suet. Cal. 58. Ill. Meton.: 1, sa- 
tiétas: to take a s. of love, sumere s. 
amoris, Ter. Ph. 5,5,6. 2, taedium: 
worn out with a s. of anxiety, t. curarum 
fessus, Tac. A. 12, 39. 8. fastidium: 
pleasure by constant repetition produces 
a s., voluptas assiduitate f. parit, Plin. 
12, 17, 40,§ 81. Join: satietas et fas- 
tidium, Cic. de Or. 3,25,98. 4, nausea: 


Mart. 4, 31 9- 
surfeit (v.): A,Trans.: |, 
With food: 1, Snérare ventrem: Sall. 


Or. de Rep. ord. 1: cf. id. J. 76, fin. 
Q. ingurgito, 1: to s. oneself, se ing., 
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23. 3, sattiro, 1: lions 
sd with slaughtered kine, armenti sa- 
turati caede leones, Ov. M. 10, 541. 
Il. Meton.: 1, satio, 1: tobes.’d 
with pleasure, delectatione satiari, Cic. de 
Sen. 15, 52: to s. the mind, s. animum, 
id. Phil. 11, 3, 9. Q. sittiro, 1: men 
s.’d with honours, homines saturati ho- 
noribus, id. Plane. 8, 20. 3, expleo, 
vi, étum, 2: tos. oneself with slaughter, 
se exp. caede, Liv. 31,24. 4, refercio, 
si, tum, 4: to s. one’s ears with talk, 
aures ref. sermonibus, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 
40. BB, Intrans.: to be over-filled, 
surfeited : v. SUP. 
surge (subs.): fluctus, aestus: v. 
SURF, WAVE. 
surge (v.): to swell, rise high: ti- 
mescere, surgere, tolli: V. RISE, SWELL. 
surgeon : 1, chirurgus, m. : Cels. 
I,praef. 2, médicus: as. for wounds, 
vulnerum m., Plin. 29, 1, 8,§22. Phr.: 
to lance an ulcer with the surgeon's knife, 
rescindere os ulceris ferro, Virg. G. 3, 
453: V. PHYSICIAN. 
surgery: |. The art of surgery: 
1, chirurgia: Cels. 7, praef. (used in 
fig. sense by Cic. Att. 4, 3, for violent 
measures). 9. chirurgica médicina: 
Hyg. Fab. 274. 3. pars medicinae 
quae manu curet, Cels. 7, praef. Phr.: 
to employ surgery to sores, medicas ad- 
hibere manus ad vulnera, Virg. G. 3,455. 
Il. The shop of a surgeon: médicina 
gc. taberna: Pl. Men. 5, 7, 3. 
surgical: chirurgicus: Hyg. Fab. 








a disease, morbo curationem adhibere, 
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83: perh. * manu curare 
morbum. 

surlily ; mordsé: duré: duriter: v. 
STERNLY, ILL-TEMPERED. 

surliness: 1. mordsitas, tatis, f.: 
useless and offensive s., m. inutilis et 
odiosa, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88. 2. aspé- 
ritas, tatis, f.: (a man) of such s. as to 
avoid intercourse with mankind, qui ea 
asperitate est ut hominum congressus 
fugiat, id. Am. 23, 87. 3. difficultas, 
tatis, f.: to swallow (endure) a man’s s., 
asperitatem exsorbere, id. 
V. ILi~TEMPER, CROSSNESS. 

surly: Join: morosus et difficilis : 
ef. Cic. de Sen. 18, 65: V. CROSS, ILL- 
TEMPERED. 

surmise (svbs.): conjectiira, ae: v. 
CONJECTURE, SUPPOSITION. 

surmise (v.): conjecturam capere, 
facere: suspicor, atus, 1: Vv. TO CONJEC- 
TURE, SUPPOSE. 

surmount: ]. Lit. : to over-top, 
pass over : 1, stipéro, 1: to s. moun- 
tains, montes s., Virg. (3. 3,270: s. forti- 


Jications, munitiones s., Liv. 5, 8: to have 


s.’d so long a journey, superasse tantum 
itineris, Tac. Agr. 33. 2, exstipéro, 1: 
he s.s the hill, exs. jugum, Virg. Aen. 11, 
go5. 3, vinco, vici, victum, 3: Virg.G. 
2, 124: V. PASS OVER. Il. Fig.: en- 
dure, overcome: 1, supéro, 1: we have 
s’d all mischances, casus superavimus 
omnes, Virg. Aen. 11, 244: to s. difli- 
culties, difficultates s., Vell.2, 120. 2, 
exsiipéro, 1: to s. the unevenness of the 
ground, exs. iniquitatem loci, Liv. 2, 65. 
3, vinco, 3: Join: vinco and 
siipergrédior: virtue s.’d and rose supe- 
rior to vice, virtus vicit ac supergressa 
est vitium, Tac. Agr. 1: to s. difficulties, 
difficultates v., Hirt. B. G. 8, 41: Vv. 
OVERCOME, 
surmountable: 1, stipérabilis, e: 
a wall that is s., muruss., Liv. 25, 23. 
2, exsiipérabilis, e: @ rock whose 
weight is in-s., non exsuperabile saxum, 
Virg. G. 3, 39 (others explain non ex- 
superabile here to = that cannot overtop 
the hill). 
surname (svbs.): |, Family name: 
], cogndmen, inis, m. (opp. to nomen, 
the gentile name, and praendmen, the 
individual name) Publius and Sextus 
Aelius were elected, the s. of both was 
Paetus, creati P. et Sex. Aelii, Paetis fuit 
ambobus cogn., Liv. 32, 2. 2. cogno- 
mentum (rare). Cnaeus Lentwlus, whose 
s. was Clodianus, Cn. Lentulus, cui cogn. 
Clodiano fuit, Sall. fragm. in Gell. 18, 4. 
||. A name or title given in addition 
tothe family name: 1, cognomen, ”. : 
Aristides received the s. of the Just, 
A. cognomine justus est appellatus, Nep. 
Arist. 1- to receive a s. from some cir- 
cumstance, ex aliquo c. trahere, Cic. Phil. 
ey Oy 2 2. cognomentum (rare) : 
Heraclitus, who is known by the s. of 
the Obscure, H., cognomento qui oxo- 
rewvos perhibetur, Cic. Fin, 2, 5, 15. 
(Agnomen, the ¢. ¢. for this kind of sur- 
name, has no classical authority : it was 
read in Cic. de Inv. 2, 9, 28; but is now 
omitted in the best editions.) 
surpass : |. To excel: vinco: 
stipéro. exstipéro: alicui excello: v. 
EXCEL. |], Zo exceed, yo beyond: 1, 
excédo, cessi, cessum, 3: with fool-hardi- 
mess sing human belief, temeritate 
humanam fidem excedente, Vell. 2, 51. 
9, transgrédior, gressus, 3: s.ing 
Marcellus (in the number of is battles), 
M. Marcellum transgressus, Plin. 7, 25, 
25,9 92. 3, exsiipéro, t: he s.s the 
Tarquins in pride, Tarquinios exs. su- 
perbia, Liv. 3, 11. 4, praesto, stiti, 
stitum and statum, 1: theys. the rest of 
the world in valour, caeteros mortales 
virtute p., Liv. 5, 36. Phr.: to surpass 
belief, supra esse quam cuiquam cre- 
dibile est, Sall. Cat. 5: s.ing one’s powers, 
ultra vires, Virg. Aen. 6, 114: to dress 
in a manner s.ing one's means, vestiri 
supra vires, Hor Ep. 1, 18, 22: tts difji- 
culty s.s belief, asperius est opinione, 
Sall. J. 85, init.: it s.s imagination, 


SURRENDER 





| *majus est quam quis cogitatione com- 
prehendat, complectatur. 
| gurplice. perb., vestis lintea reli- 
| giosaque: cf.Suet.Oth.12 *palla alba. 
surplus: 1, réliquum,i, n.: thes 
of which (sum), ex qua (pecunia) quod 
reliquum erat, Cic. Fam. 5, 20. 9, ré- 
siduum, i, n.: the s. of a sum of money. 
pecuniae r., id. Clu. 34,94. Phr.: from 
a slender income such as mine there will 
even be some &., eX meo Ltenui vectigali 
aliquid etiam redundabit, id. Parad. 6, ; 
there was a s. from the vevenues to be 
paid into the treasury, ex veciigalibus 


ur. 9, Ig: | Supererat pecunia, quae in aerario po- 


neretur, Nep. Hann. 7: 
abundare, Cic, Att. 15, 15. 
| surprise (subs.): |. The feeling 
| of surprise : 1, miratio, dnis, f.: & 
cause §., mirationem facere, Cic. Div. 2, 
22 49. Q, admiratio, dnis, f.: to excite 
|s. in any one, alicui adm. movere, id 
Phil. 10,2, 3. Phr.: overwhelmed with s., 
obstupefactus, id. Deiot. 12, 34: it caused 
less s. that they should venture to do it, 
minus id eos audere miraculo fuit, Liv. 
25, 8: to the s. of all he says, cunctis 
improvisus ait, Virg. Aen. 1, 595: to 
feel s., mirari, admirari: v. WONDER. 
I]. An unexpected event: Phr.: 
nothing can be as. to a wise man, nihil 
improvisum, nihil inopinatum sapient! 
accidere potest, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 37 
Il]. 4 sudden attack : 1, subita 
incursio, Hirt. B. G. 8, 11. 2, repens 
adventus hostium, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 52. 
Phr.: to take a man by s., excipere ali- 
quem incautum, Virg. Aen. 3, 332: v. 
TO SURPRISE. 
surprise (v-): |. To astonish: 
Phr.- the consul was s.d that they did 
not begin the battle, consulem admiratio 
incessit quod non pngnam inirent, Liv. 
4, 34: this ss me, hoc mihi admira- 
tionem movet, Cic. Phil. 10, 2, 3: ws. 
a person, alicui inferre admirationem, 
Plin. 7, 12, 10,§ 56: 2am sd at your 
standing here, mira videntur te hic 
stare, Pl. Men. 2, 13, 15: I shall be s.d 
if he is not at home, mirum ni domi est, 
‘Ter. And. 3, 4, 19: to be s.d, mirari, ad- 
mirari: v. TO WONDEB, ASTONISH. ll. 
To attack suddenly: 1, occiipo, T: 
Phaedr. 5,8,3. 2, incidere in aliquem 
incautum et imparatum: Caes. B. G. 6, 
3o. 8, opprimo, essi, essum, 3: (05.4 
man when off his guard, imprudentem 
o., Ter. And. 1, 3, 22: incautum o., Liv. 
26,12: they s.d the Mesapii, M. inscios 
inopinantesque 0., Caes. B. G. 4, 4: 
Trebonius was s.d by the enemy, lV. op- 
pressus est ab hoste incautus, Cic. Phil. 
exe 2,5 4, adorior, ortus, 4: he s.d 
the praetor on the march, praetorem ex 
improviso in itinere adortus est, Tac, A. 
4,45. Phr.: tos. a fort, arcem impro 
viso capere, Liv. 3, 23: to s. an enemy, 
ex necopinato hostem invadere, Liv. 
4, 2). 
a rining (adj.): mirus, mirabilis : 
Vv. WONDERFUL. Phr.: to work s. cures, 
mirabiliter mederi morbis, Plin. 27, 6, 38, 


to have a &., 





§ 131. 
surprisingly: 1. mirum in mo- 
dum: men’s minds were s. changed, 


mirum in modum conversae sunt homi- 
num mentes, Caes. B.G. 1,41. 2, mi- 
randum in médum: ef. Cie. Att. 9, 7, 
3, mirabiliter . the feelings the 
common people were s. changed, m. vulgi 
mutata est voluntas, id. Fam. 13, 16. 
Phr.: leaves s. curly, folia usque in 
admirationem crispa, Liv. 7, 34: Y- 
WONDERFULLY. 
surrender (subs.): _ [, Jn military 
sense: J, déditio, dnis, 7.: to nego- 
tiate a s., de d. agere, Caes. B. C. 3, 28: 
as. to any one, d. ad aliquem, Liv. 28, 
22: to receive a state on s., civitatem in 
deditionem accipere, ib.: to make a ge- 
muine s., veram d. facere, Sall. J. 46. 
9, traditio, Onis, f.: the s. of a town, 
urbis t., Liv. 32, 14. Il. Generally, 
agiving up: |, traditio, f.: thes. of 
property, rei t., Cic. Top. 5, fin. 2. 
cessio, onis, f. (legal ¢. t.): a legal s., in 
jure cessio, ib.: to make s. of a thing, 
Vv. TO SURRENDER. 
822 


SURRENDER 





surrender (v.): |, Trans.: To 
give up: 1, cédo, cessi, cessum, 3: 
to s. @&cingdom to any one, alicui regnum 
c., Just. 10, 2: Liv. 45, 39. 9. con- 
ceédo, 3: Sicily was s.’d from a prema- 
ture despair, S. nimis celeri desperatione 
rerum concessa est, Liv. 21, I. 3. 
prodo, didi, ditum, 3: tos. a standard 
to the enemy, pr. aquilam hostibus, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 25. 4. trado (transdo), 
didi, ditum, 3: to s. a city, urbem tr., 
Liv. 34, 29: they s.’d themselves to the 
enemy, se hostibus transdiderunt, Caes. 
B.G. 7, 17: to negotiate the terms on 
which to s. the city, de conditionibus 
urbis tradendae agere cum aliquo, Liv. 
a nkize 5, dédo, didi, ditum, 3: to 


s. the promoters of the war (milit. t. t.), | 7 


auctores belli d., Liv. 9, 1: hence gene- 
rally, to s. a man to the weapons of the 
soldiery, aliquem telis militum dedere, 
Cic. Mil. 1, 2: Js. the maids, ancillas d., 
Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 7. Phr.: to s. any one 
to the enemy, facere deditionem alicujus 
hosti, Liv. 31, 18: v. YIELD, GIVE UP. 
|]. Intrans.: To capitulate: arma 
per pactionem tradere, Liv. 9, Ir: se 
dedere, Caes. B. C. 2, 22: tradere se per 
conditiones, cf. Sall. J. 61, fin.: to s. at 
discretion, in deditionem venire, Cues. 
B.G. 6, 3: to be forced to s., necessariam 
deditionem subire, id. B.C. 1, 81: tos, 
to the Carthaginians, facere deditionem 
ad Poenos, Liv. 24, 1: to s. uncondi- 
tionally, sine ulla pactione sese in ali- 
cujus fidem tradere, Sall. J. 62: also, 
facere imperata, ib. (v. Merivale, ad 
loc.) : one who has s.’d, dediticius, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 29. 
surreptitious: |. Secret: clan- 
destinus : furtivus: V.STEALTHY, SECRET. 
||. Fraudulent: v. FRAUDULENT, DIS- 
HONEST. 
surreptitiously: furtive: furtim: 
furto: clam: fraude: délo: v. SECRETLY, 
STEALTHILY, FRAUDULENTLY. 
surround: |, Zeberound: 1, 
cingo, nxi, nctum, 3: the mountains 
which s. Thessaly, montes qui Thessaliam 
c., Caes. B. G. 3, 36: the harbour is s.’d 
by the city, portus urbe cingitur et con- 
cluditur, Cic. Verr. 5, 37, 96. Q. cir- 
cumsto, stéti, 1: when such terrors sd 
them on all sides, quum tanti undique 
terrores circumstarent, Liv. 6, 2. ai 
conclido, si, sum, 3: @ sea s.’d with 
land, mare ‘conclusum, Caes. B. G. 3, 9. 
4. stipo, 1: 's.’d by hosts of friends, 
stipatus gregibus amicorum, Cic. Att. 1, 
18. ||. Zo surround with, put round : 
1. circumdo, dédi, datum, 1: /s.’d 
the town with a trench, fossa oppidum 
circumdedi, Cic. Fam. 15, 4: to s. the 
assembly with armed men, armatos con- 
tioni circd., Liv. 34, 27. 2. cingo, 3: 
to be s.’d by the arms of the enemy, cingi 
ab armis hostium, Ov. Pont. 2, 8, 69. 
3. circumcludo, si, sum, 3: they s. 
the horns with a silver rim, cornua ab 
labris argento c., Caes. B.G.6,28. 4, 
circumseépio, septus, 4: to s. a lake with 
buildings, stagnum aedificiis c., Suet. 
Ner. 31. 5, sépio, psi, ptum, 4: fo s. 
a wood with nets, saltum plagis s., Lucr. 
5,1251. 6, circumfundo. fidi, fisum, 
3: I saw Cato sitting s.d by many Stoic 
treatises, M. Catonem sedentem vidi 
multis circumfusum Stoicorum libris, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 7: to s. with cohorts, 
circumf. cohortes, Tac. A. 12, 38. rie 
circumvénio, véni, ventum, 4: a plain 
s.d.by somewhat higher ground, planities 
locis paullo superioribus circumventa, 
Sall. J. 71. 8, circumvallo, 1: to s. 
a place with two furrows, locum duobus 
sulcis c., Col. 11, 3, 4. Wl. Military 
t.t.: 1, toinvest : circumsédeo ; cingo: 
circumvallo: v, INVEST, BESIEGE. 2). 
to out-flank: to s. men, aliquos cir- 
cumvenire, Tac. Agr. 37: to be s.d by 
the enemy, circumiri ab hostibus, Nep. 
Dat. 9. : ; ‘ 
surrounding (adj.):_ 1, circum- 
jectus: the s. tribes, c. nationes, Tac. A. 
6, 31. Q. expr. by periph.: qui circa 
est: the s. mountains, montes qui circa 
sunt, Liv. 1, 4. Phr.: the feelings of 
mamy s. states, multarum circa civitatum 
824 











SUSCEPTIBLE 


animi, id. 1, 17: corn having been col- 
lected from all the s. country, frumento 
undique ex agris convecto, id. 42, 56. 
surrounding (subs.): 1, circum- 
jectus, us, m.: Plin. 11, 51, 112, § 270. 
2. expr. by verb in infinit.: v. To 
SURROUND. A man’s s.s, *res in quibus 
versatur aliquis: v. CIRCUMSTANCE. 
surtout: 1. paeniila: Cic. Mil. 20, 
54: with his s. on, paenulatus, ib. 
2. amictilum (rarer): Nep. Dat. 3: 
V. GREAT-UOAT. 
survey (subs.) : |. Act of looking 
or inspecting : 1. inspectio, Onis, f.: 
the land on the first s. does not show its 
defects, ager prima i. vitia non osten- 
dit, Col. 1, 4,1. 2, contemplatio, dnis, 
".: the power of infinity is most worthy 





of a diligent s., vis infinitatis diligenti 
c. dignissima est, Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 50. 
3. observatio, Onis, f.: a s. of the 
stars, obs. siderum, id. Div. I, I, 2: Vv. 
INSPECTION, VIEW. ||. 4 measuring 
of land: mensiira: to take a s.,m. agere, 
Plin. Ep. 10, 28, fin.: m. inire, Col. 5, 3. 
survey (v.): |. Yo view, contem- 
plate: contemplor,1: inspicio: oculis 
perlustrare, Liv. 25,9: observo, I: con- 
sidéro, 1: ¥. VIEW, CONTEMPLATE, Il. 
To measure land: mé€tior, mensus, 4‘ 
méto, 1: permetior, mensus, 4: men- 
siiram agere, inire: Vv. A SURVEY. 
surveying (subs.): |, A looking 
at: v. SURVEY, Il. The art of mea- 
suring land: expr. by *ars finitorum : 
mensurarum ratio. 
surveyor: 1, finitor, 6ris, m.: 
Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 34. 2, mensor, Oria, 
m.: the s. marked out the ground, 
humum signavit mensor, Ov. M. 1, 136. 
3. agrimencsor, Oris, m.: Amm. 19, II. 


4, décempédator, Oris, m.: a s. of 


public land, agri publici d., Cic. Phil. 13, 


18, 37. 5, métator, oris, m.: id. Phil. 
14, 4, 10. 
survive: 1, supersum, fui, esse: 


he s.d his father, superfuit patri, Liv. 1, 
34: while those who had seen it were 
still sing, quum superessent adhuc qui 
spectaverant, Suet. Claud. 21. 2. sii- 
péro, 1: whichever of the two may s., 
uter eorum vita superarit, Caes. B. C. 6, 
18: does Ascanius s.? superatne Asca- 
nius? Virg. Aen. 3, 339. 3, stiperstes 
sum: their own sons s.d them, sui sibi 
liberi superstites erant, Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 
"12, 4, stipervivo, xi, 3: he s.’d his 
own reputation thirty years, gloriae suae 
triginta annis s., Plin. Ep.2,1. 5, in 
vita maneo: Cic. Fam. 4, 13. Phr.: 
if I s., si vita suppetet, Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 
11: J pray the gods your wife may s. 
you, deos oro ut vitae tuae superstes 
suppetat uxor, Pl. Trin. 1, 2, 19. 
surviving: qui superest: qui sup- 
erat; superstes: Vv. TO SURVIVE. 
survivor: siiperstes, stitis, m. and 
J.: Aeneas, the s. of his country, Aeneas 
patriae s., Hor.Carm.S. 42: my s., meae 
vitae s., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1. 
survivorship: *status ejus qui al- 
teri superest. 
susceptibility: 1, mollitia, f, 
and mollities, €i, f.: such ts my s. that 
I could never have resisted their tears 
and prayers, qua mollitia sum animi 
nunquam illius lacrimis et precibus re- 
stitissem, Cic. Sull. 6, 18. Join: agi- 
litas and mollitia: s. of disposition, 
agilitas, ut ita dicam, mollitiaque na- 
turue, id, Att. I, 17. 2, facilitas, 
tatis, f.: the s. of boyhood, aetatis 
(puerilis), f., Quint. 1, 12, 11. Phr.: 
he has no s. whatever, *sensu plane 
caret: a blunted s., hebes ingenium, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 6, 17. 
susceptible: 1. mobilis,e: while 
his age is s. of training, dum mobilis 
aetas est, Virg. G. 3, 165. Q. facilis, 
e: s. mind of youth, faciles animi ju- 
venum, ib. Phr.: a s. heart, * animus 
ad misericordiam pronus, promptus ; 
(the tree) is s. of that disease, (arbor) 
obnoxia ei morbo est, Plin. 17, 24, 37, 
§ 221: every body is s. of change, omne 
corpus mutabile est, Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 30: 
the nature of the gods is not s. of any 
sorrow natura divom privata dolore 


SUSPICION 


omni est, Lucr. 2, 649: nor is s. of anger, 
nec tangitur ira, ib. 650: the plan is stili 
s. of improvement, *ita se ratio habet ut 
melior fieri possit. 

suspect: 1, suspicor, atus, 1: 
s.ing no evil, nihil mali suspicans, Cic, 
Cluent. 9, 27: 1s.d my maid servants, 
ancillas meas suspicabar, Pl. As. 5, 2, 38 
(this use with personal object is mea 

2. suspicio, spexi, ctum, 3: Sall. J. 

90: those who were s.’d of capital crimes, 
suspecti capitalium criminum, ‘lac. A. 
3,60. 3, suspecto, 1: sing Agrippina 
more and more vehemenily, Agrippinam 
magis magisque s.,ib.12,65. 4, suspi- 
cidnem habeo: Cic. Att. 8, 11. 5. 
suspectum habeo: tos. a man falsely, 
habere aliquem falso s., Pl. Bac. 3, 6, 43. 
Phr.: to become s’d by any one, in 
suspicionem venire alicui, Cic. Flace. 33, 
81: to cause a man to s., dare alicui 
suspicionem, id. Fam. 3, 12: J cause 
some to s. that I wish to sail, moveo 
suspicionem nonnullis me velle navigare, 
ib, 2, 16: to be s.’d, suspicionem. habere, 
Nep. Epam. 5, 9. . To surmise: 
suspicor: v. SURMISE, CONJECTURE. 

suspend: |, 70 hang up: suspendo, 
di, sum, 3: to s. images on a lofty pine, 
oscilla ex alta pinu s., Virg. G. 2, 389. 
To be s.’d: 1, pendeo, pépendi, 2: to 
be s.’d on the gallows, p. ex arbore, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 27, 66: the eurth was s.'d in 
mid air, circumfuso pendebat in aere 
tellus, Ov. Met. 1, 12. 2, dépendea, 
di, 2: lamps are s.’d from golden ceil- 
ings, d. lychni laquearibus aureis, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 726: they found him s.d bya 
halter, laqueo dependentem invenere, 
Liv. 42, 28, fin.: v. HANG. I. Zo 
interrupt and defer: intermitto: dif- 
fero: suspendo: v. DEFER. Phr.: tos. 
hostilities, indutias facere, Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 
20: indutias inire, Plin. Pan. 11: in- 
dutias agitare, Sall. J. 29: to s. one’s 
judgment, *nihil pro rato habere: in- 
certus esse sententiae, Liv. 4, 57: incertus 
esse animi, Tac. A.6, 46: s.my judgment 
about a thing, mihi haud liquet de aliqua 
re, PL. Trin. 2, 1,7: gudgment ts still s.’d, 
adhuc suk jndice lis est, Hor. A. P. 78: 
to s. a law, * legem in tempus abrogare : 
they s.’d proceedings, rem suspenderunt, 
Liv. 39, 28: to s. payment (t. t. for be- 
coming bankrupt), conturbo, decdquo, 
deficio: bonam copiam ejurare (to de- 
clare oneself insolvent), Cic. Fam. 9, 16: 
V.BANKRUPT. | |, Zo remove from an 
Office : 1, mdveo, movi, motus, 2: to 
s. a man from his rank as senator, 
senatorio loco aliquem m., Liv. 39, 42. 

2. subméveo, 2: tos. a man from 

a state office, aliquem s. administratione 
reipublicae, Suet. Caes. 16. 3, de- 
moveo, 2: he s.s Pallas from his public 
office, Pallantem cura rerum d., Tac. A. 
13, 14. 4, abrogare alicui magistra- 
tum: Cic. Verr. 2, 57,140.  §, abrdgo, 
1: a law for s.ing Lentulus from his 
office, lex de abrogando Lentuli imperio, 
WB COR I ey eee 

suspense: 1, dubitatio, onis, f.: 
Cic.: Caes.: Tac. 2. sollicita expec 
tatio: Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 52. 3. ob- 
sciira spes: id. Agr. 2, 25, 66. Phr.: 
to keep a man in s., suspensum aliquem 
tenere, id. Att. 10,1: to bein s., pendere, 
id. Agr. 2, 25, 66: animi pendere, Pl. 
Merc. 1, 2, 18: we passed a night of 
s. and doubt, suspensam dubiamque 
noctem spe ac metu exegimus, Plin. Ep. 
6, 20: the mind is in s., in dubio est 
animus, Ter. And. 1, 5, 31: animus 
pendet, id. Ad. 2, 2,18: nor let me waver 
im s., neu fluitem spe pendulus, Hor. Ep. 
I, 18, Io. " 

suspension: Phr.: a s. of hostt- 
lities, indutiae, arum, f.: a day fora s. 
of hostilities had been asked for by tha 
enemy, dies indutiis erat ab hostibus 
petitus, Caes. B.G. 4, 12: during a % 
of hostilities, per indutias, Liv. 30, 37 
V. STOPPAGE, INTERRUPTION. 

suspension - bridge: perh. * pons 
pendulus: *pons catenis ferreis sus« 
pensus. 

suspicion: suspicio, nis, f. : passim: 
in all three senses of the English word 


a to 


SUSPICIOUS 


|, Mistrust: Phr.: to fall under s., 
in suspicionem cadere, Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 
24 toexcite the s.s of the soldiers, suspi- 
ciones militum irritare, Tac. H. 3, 4 to 
freeaman from s., aliquem suspicione 
exsolvere, Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 26° to excite s. 
in any one, injicere s, alicui, Nep. Eum. 
4: their s. being roused by the neighing 
of horses, ex fremitu equorum illata s., 
Caes. B.C. 3, 38: to free oneself from s., 
8. levare atque a se removere, Cic. Verr. 
3, 59, 136: ab se s, propulsare, ib. 60, 
140: when matters of the greatest cer- 
tainty fall under such 8.8 as these, quum 
ad bas suspiciones certissimae res acce- 
derent, Caes. B. G. 1, 19: the s. attaches 
to one, ad aliquem pertinet s., Cic, Rose. 
Am. 23, 64: to be laid under the s. of 
unchastity, in suspicione stupri poni, 
Pl. Am. 1, 2, 27: to clear up s.s, diluere 
suspiciones, Cic, Iny. 1, 16, 22. Il. A 
slight notion: Phr.: amongst those 
(nations) there is no s. of the existence 
of gods, apud eas (gentes) nulla suspicio 
deorum est, Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 62: v. IDEA, 
NOTION. Wl. A slight appearance: 
Phr.: @ s. of a chini, suspicio rimae, 
Mart. 11, 45 (rare in this sense). 
suspicious: |. Apt to suspect : 
, Suspicidsus: did conscience make 
you timid and s.? an te conscientia 
timidum et s. faciebat? Cic. Verr. 5, 29, 
74: tobe s. of a man, s. esse in aliquem, 
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4. 2. suspicax, cacis 
(rare): Liv. to,14: Tac. A.1,13. 3, 
perh. *ad suspicandum pronus: *suspi- 
cione plenus. [|. Causing suspicion : 
1, suspicidsus: things that were s. 
before they made clear, quae ante erant 
s., haec aperta faciebant, Cic. Clu. 19, 54: 
to be @ S. person, s. esse, Cato in Gell. 9, 
It: @ most s. business, negotium suspi- 
ciosissimum, Cic. Fl. 3,7. 2, suspicax, 
cacis: as. silence, s. silentium, Tac. A. 
F5ars Sen. Ira 2, 29. ? 
suspiciously: |, Like one who 
suspects: Phr.: to look s. at any one, 
*aliquem cum suspicione intueri: fo 
speak s.,*More suspicantisdicere. |], 
Ina way to excite suspicion: suspicidse, 
-ius: Cic. Rose. Am. 20, 55. 
suspiciousness : *mores suspicidsi: 
Vv. SUSPICIOUS. 
suspire: spiro: respiro: v. BREATHE, 
RESPIRE. 
sustain: |. To bear, uphold: 
1, sustineo, tinui, tentum, 2: the air 
8.8 the flight of birds, aér s, volatus ali- 
tum, Cic. N. 1). 2, 39, 101. 2, sustento, 
1: Alcanor s.s his falling brother, Al. 
fratrem ruentem s., Virg. Aen. 10, 339. 
8. sublévo, 1: bees s. their wearied 
king on their shoulders, apes fessum 
regem humeris s., Plin. 11, 17, 17, § 54: 
¥. SUPPORT, PROP UP. Phr.: lemples 
sd by vast columns, templa vastis innixa 
columnis, Ov. Pont. 3, 2, 49. ll. Zo 
support, maintain: 1, sustineos, 2: 
we are nourished and s.’d by corn, alimur 
et 3. re frumentaria, Cic. Verr. 3, 5, 11. 
2. sustento, 1: Liv. 2, 34: Cic.: 
Tac, 8, tdléro, 1 (with the notion of 
doing so barely): to just s. life by agri- 
culture, t. vitam exercendo agros, Tac. A. 
EY 4, alo, dlui, Alitum, 3: v. 
MAINTAIN, NOURISH. — |, 70 bear, bear 
up against 1, sustineo, 2: to s. la- 
bours, labores s., Cic, Rep. 1, 3. ae 
fero, tuli, latum, 3. Join: ferre et 
sustinere, id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 3, sus- 
tento, 1: to s. the extremity of famine, 
extremam famem s., Caes. B. G. 7, 17: 
the defence was with difficulty s.’d, 
aegre sustentatum est, ib. 2,6. Phr.: 
we have s.’d a severe defeat, pugna magna 
victi sumus, Liv. 22. 7: to s. a loss, 
facere damnum, PI. Capt. 2, 2, 77° ferre 
damna, Ov. Her. 15, 64: jacturam facere, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79. jacturam pati, Col. 
praef. 1, 1: V SUFFER. IV. To sus- 
tain a character or part: to s. the 
principal character (in a play), primas 
partes agere, Ter. Ph. prol. 27: discere 
partes (of an actor), id. Heaut. prol. 10. 
Fig.: to s. the part of friend, amicum 
agere, Tac. H. 1, 30. tos. the part 
of an emperor, principem gerere, Plin. 
Pan. 44. 








SWARM 


sustenance: victus, is, m.: Cic.: 
Hor. V NOURISHMENT, SUPPORT. 

sutler: lixa, ae,m.: Sall. J. 44: Liv. 

suture: Siitiira, med. t.t., f.: 8. of 
the skull, calvariae s., Cels. 8, 1: in gen. 
sense: Liv. 38, 29. 

swab (subs.): pénicilus 
BRUSH. 

swab (v.): purgo, détergeo, si, sum, 
2: V. CLEANSE, SCRUB, 

swaddle: to sw. a baby, infantem 
incunabulis ligare, Pl. Amph. 5, 1, 55 
(others read in cunabulis); * fasciis ob- 
volvere aliquem. 

swaddling-clothes: 1. inciina- 
bila, orum, n.: Plaut, True. 5, 13. 
fasciae, arum, /.: ib. Fig.: from his 


V. SPONGE, 


sw. (i. e. childhood): ab incunabulis, | 


Liv. 4, 36. 
Swagger: V. STRUT, BRAG. 
swaggerer: Y- BOASTER, BRAGGART, 
swaln: |, A rustic: colonus : 
ruricéla: rusticus: v. RUSTIC. I}. 4 
lover > Amator: Vv. LOVER. 
swallow (subs.): |. A bird: hi- 
rundo, inis, f.: Virg.: Hor, Phr.: a 
s.’s nest, nidus hirundininus, Pl. Rud. 3, 
1, 6: the coming of the s.s, adventus 
hirnndineus, Sid. Ep. 2, 14. I]. The 
throat: gila: gurgulio, Onis, m.: v. 
THROAT, GULLET. 
swallow (v): [yekiitse eT 
glitio, ivi or ii, itum, 4: Juv. 4, 29. 
2. haurio, hausi, haustum, 4: to s. 
whole, cibos integros h., Col. 8, 19, II. 
8. sorbeo, ui, 2: to s. a raw egg, 
crudum ovum s., Plin. 29, 3, II, 
4, dévoro, 1: ib.: what is s.'d, id 
quod devoratur, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 135. 
5, absorbeo, ui, 2 (to s. greedily): 
to s. up the cakes, a. placentas, Hor. 8. 
2, 8,24. 6, voro, 1: some animals 
s. down, others masticate their food, 
(animalium) alia vorant alia mandunt, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122. Il. Fig.: tos. 
up, devour: J, absorbeo, 2: the Ocean 
seems scarcely able to have s.’d up so 
much wealth, Oceanus vix videtur tot 
res abs. potuisse, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 67. 
9. devoro, 1: let Charybdis s. me 
up, me Charybdis d., Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 74: 
the voice is s.'d up and lost, vox de- 
voratur, Plin. 11, 51, 112, § 270. Be 
sorbeo, ui, 2: Virg. Aen. 3, 421. 4. 
haurio, 4: you have s.’d up all your pa- 
trimony by your extravagance, hausisti 
patrias luxuriosus opes, Mart. 9, 83, 4: 
Vv. ENGULPH, EXHAUST. II]. Yo put 
up with: sorbeo: exsorbeo: devoro : 
cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 3,9: id. Brut. 67, 236: v. 
BEAR, ENDURE. i 
swallow-wort: asclépias, adis, /. : 
Plin. 27, 5, 18, § 35. 
swamp (subs.): 1, palus, idis, 7. : 
to drain a s., p. siecare, Cic. Ph. 5, 3, 7. 
9, iligo, inis, f.: Virg. G. 2, 184. 
swamp (v.): |. Yo cause to sink: 
1, mergo, si, sum, 3: to s. a part of 
the fleet, partem classis m., Vell. 2, 42. 
2. déprimo, essi, essum, 3: to s. a 
ship, nevem d., Caes. B.C. 2, 7. 3 
demergo, si, 3: Virg. Aen. 9, 119. 4. 
opprimo, essi, essum, 3: fo s. @ fleet, 
classem o., Cic. Manil. 12, 33: Vv. SINK. 
||. To outnumber: Phr.: tos. the 
tribes by the votes of his own partisans, 
*tribus suffragiis suorum opprimere, 
superare: V. OUT-NUMBER. 
swampy: 1. paliiddsus: Ov. 
9, iliginosus: Varr.: Plin. 
swan: 1, cygnus, m.: Cic. Tuse. 
1, 30, 73. Q, Olor, Oris, m.: Ov. H. 
9, 1: glistening white s.s., purpurei 0., 
Hor. Od. 4, 1, 10. Phr.: s.’s down, 
plumae cygneae, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 1: s.’s song 
(last dying speech),. vox cygnea, Cic. Or, 
3, 2,6: s.-coloured, coloris olorini, Plin. 
37, 10, §9, § 163 (others read orobini). 
saa 1, caespes, itis, m.: Virg.: 
Ov.: Hor.: (vivus c., Tac. H. 4, 53, an 
altar made of the green 8.): a green s., 
c. gramineus, Ov. Tr. 5,5,9- 2. gta- 
men, Inis, n.: flowery &., floreum g., 
Mart.9, 91,1. Phr.: aseat on the green 
s., gramineum sedile, Virg. Aen. 8, 176. 
swarm (subs.): 1, exdmen, inis, 
n.: 8. of bees: Virg. G. 2, 452: Cic.: Juv. 
2. pullities, i, f.: Col. 9, rr. SY 


§ 42. | 


SWEAT 








8. of people: vis: turba: v. CRowD 
THEONG. 
swarm (v.): A. Intrans.: b 
Of bees: 1, examino, 1. the hives s., 
ex.alvi, Col.9,14,5. 2, fétus édiicere: 
Virg. G. 4, 163. ||. Zo come together 
in crowds: glomerari: stipare aliquem 
( s. round any one): concurrere: v. 
TO THRONG. B. lrans.: to climb: 
| tos.a wall, murum scandere, conscen- 
| dere: Vv. CLIMB. 
swarthy: 1, fuscus: s. comrades 
whom India embrowns, comites f. quos 
| India torret, Tib. 2, 3, 55. 9. céloratus: 
| the s. Indians, c. Indi, Virg. G. 4, 293. 
| 3, subniger, gra, grum: s. colour of 
| the skin, s. color cutis, Cels. 5, 28, 4 
4, adustus (from the sun): the 
| Moor with s. body, adustus corpora Mau- 
rus, Sil. 8, 267: Liv. 27, 47: Vv. DARK. 
swath: striga: Col. 2, 18, 2. 
swathe (suvis.): fuscia: Cic.: Ov.; 
ligamentum ; ligamen: v. BANDAGE. 
swathe (v.): ligare: colligare 
fasciis colligare: v. TO BANDAGE. 
sway (subs.): |. Rule: ditio, Snis, 
J.: impérium: v. RULF, DOMINION. L. 
Motion to and fro: vacillatio, Sule, J 
V. ROCKING. 
sway (v.): |. To rule; régo, xi, 
ctum, 3: dirigo, rexi, rectum, 3: v, 
RULE, GOVERN, |]. Zo move to and 
Jro: V. SWING, 
swear: A, Intrans.: |. To 
take an oath: |, jiiro,1: if he swore 
with his hand on the altar, no one would 
believe, si aram tenens juraret, nemo cre- 
| deret, Cic, FL 36, go: to s. that one will 
do something, j. se aliquid facturum esse, 
| Caes. B. C. 3, 13: tos. by the stars, j. si- 
| dera, Virg. Aen. 12,197: los. by any one, 
per aliquem j., Cic. Acad. 4, 20, 65° tos, 
to having a sickness, j. morbum, id. Att. 
I, 1: to s. an oath, jusjurandum j., id. 
Fam. 5, 2. Q. juror, dep., i (rare): 
| have you not sworn to me? non tu 
| juratus mihi es? Pl. Rud. §, 2, 16. 3. 
dare jusjirandum; Pl. Most. 5, 1, 36. 
4, jusjurandum accipere, Caes, 
BAG. 3; 28; 5, adjiiro, 1: he swore 
solemnly to me that she was his own 
daughter, eam suam esse fillam sancte 
| adjurabat mihi, Pl. Cist. 2, 3, 27. 6. 
) juréjirando affirmare: Liv. 29, 23. 
| Phr.: to s. allegiance to a man, 
| jurare in nomen alicujus, Suet. Claud. 
10: to compel the soldiers to s. alle- 
giance to the Senate, adigere milites sacra- 
mento in nomen Senatus, Suet. Galb. 16: 
| to s. by a man (believe in him, lit. 
| swear after his formula), jurare in 
| verba alicujus, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 14: tos. 
| that one its not guilty of anything, 
| jurare aliquid, e. g. calumniam, Coel. in 
Cic. Fam. 8, 8: to s. to observe a law, 
jurare in legem, Cic. Sest. 16, 37: to 8. 
Falsely, jurare falsum, id. Off. 3, 29, 108: 
s. truly, vere jurare, Kd. Fam. 5, 2: tos, 
to the subject of a suit, jurare in litem, 
id. Rose. Com. 1, 4. Il. To utter 
curses, profane language: *diras exse- 
crationes edere: *impia verba edere; di- 
| ras deprecationes edere, Plin.: v. CURSE, 
B. Trans.: tos.athing: v. sup.: 
| tos. aman (put him on his oath), alicul 
obsecrationem praeire, Suet. Claud. 22: 
/sacramentum praeire, Tac. H. 1, 36: 
| alicui deferre jusjurandum, Quint. 5, 6, 
4: aliquem jurejurande obstringere, 
| Caes. B.G. 1, 31: to s. @ man into an 
| office, *jurejurando accepto aliquem ad- 
| ministrationi praeficere : fo & tn soldiers, 
milites sacramento regare, Liv. 40, 26- 
to swear in, adigere aliquos jurejurando, 
Liv. 22, 38: sworn to kill him, juratus 
se eum interemturum, Liv. 32, 22. 
swearing: |. A (aking an cath: 
expr. by periph. with verb, v. sup. To 
| SWEAR. ||. A using of profane lan- 
| guage: expr. by periph : Vv. Tu SWEAR 
| swearer: |. One who takes am 
oath: is qui jurat: *jiirator, Oris, m.e 
Macr. S. §, 19. |]. Gne who uses proe 
Jane language: *1s qui mala impre= 
| catur: *qui verba impia vel dira edit. 
sweat (subs.): |. Lit: sfidor, 
| Oris, m.: there ts no such — as & 
25 








SWEAT 


except from a lo’, non sudor, nisi e 
corpore est, (ic. Div. 2, 29, 58: todrp 
with gs. siidore manare, ib. I, 34, 74: 
a coll s., 8. frigidus, Ov. M. 5, 632 s. 
gelidus, Virg. Aen. 3, 1975: the s. pours 
down in streams, sudor fluit undique 
rivis, ib. 5, 200: to catch a chill after 
being in @ §., ex sudore cohorrescere, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6. 2, hiimor ex cor- 
pore: Plin. 9, 51, 52, § 171: Vv, PERSPI- 
RATION: to be in a s., sudore madere, 
Petr. 6: stidare. Phr. agarment satu- 
rated with s., vestis sudata, Quint. Tr, 
2, 23: V. 10 SWEAT. I]. Fig.: toil : 
sudor: JAbor: y. TOIL, LABOUR. 
swert (".)+ A, Intrans.: i 
To perspire: 1, sudo,1: tos, without 
a cause, sine causa 8. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 
273: to s. wilh blood, sanguine s., Liv. 
22, I. 9. sidorem émittere: cf. Plin. 
i; 18, 18, § 73. 3. manare sidore: 
lin. 39, 10, 61,§171. Phr.: some of 
the bravest even sweat (with fear), 
quibusdam etiam constantissimis sudor 
erumpit, Sen. Ep. 11 the useless mois- 
ture comes out by s.ing, exsudat inutilis 
humor, Virg. G. I, 85. Il. Meton.: 
to labour, toil: 1, stido, 1: you will 
have a yood s.ing if you begin with him, 
sudabis satis si cum illo inceptas, Ter. 
Ph. 4, 3, 23: (such @ horse as this) will 
s. to the goals, (hic equus) sudabit ad 
metas, Virg. G. 3, 202. 2. * véhé- 
menter laboro: *magno cum labore nitor: 
V. TO LABOUR, TO TOIL. B. Trans.: 
|. To exude: 1, sido, 1: fos. 
honey, balsam, mella, balsama s., Virg. : 
Tac. 2, exstdo, 1: (the tree) s.s out a 
juice, (arbor) exs. sucum, Plin. 24, 9. 37, 
9 57. |. To sweat a person; stidores 
alicui facere, excutere, evocare, ciere, 
movere, Nep.: Plin.: Cels.: to s. a per- 
son (work him hard): exercere, *sudore 
vexare aliquem: v. TO WORK. 
sweep (subs.): ], One who sweeps : 
qui verrit: *qui scopis purgat aliquid : 
a chimney-s., *qui fuliginem camini de- 
tergit. Il. Actrcuit: 1, circuitus, 
us, m.2 the s. of a hill, collis circuitus, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 88. 2. flexus, tis, m.: 
Germany extends northward with a vast 
s., Germania in septentrionem ingenti 
flexu redit, Tac. G. 35. 8, ambitus, 
is, m.: the moon revolves with shorter s. 
than the sun, ambitu breviore currit 
luna quam sol, Plin. 2, 23, 21, § 86. 
Il]. The sweep of a weapon (space 
commanded by it) : telijactus, Virg. Aen. 
II, 608. 
sweep (v.): |. To brush, scour: 
1, verro, verri, versum, 3: fo s. the 
pavement, pavimentum v., Juv. 14, 60: 
to s. up the ashes, favillas v., Ov. F. 2, 
§23. 9. detergeo, si, sum, 2: fo s. 
out the drains, cloacas d., Liv. 39, 44. 
3, converro, verri, versum, 3 (to s. 
up): Plaut. St. 2, 3, 64. 4, Everro, 3 
(to s. out): s. out dung from Vesta’s 
temple, e. stercus ex aede Vestae, Varr. 
L. Lh. 6, 4,60. |], To pass over quickly : 
1, verro, 3: it (the N. wind) flies 
s.ing over fields and seas in its career, 
ille volat simul arva fuga simul aequora 
verrens, Virg. G. 3,201. 2, perlustro, 
I (with the eyes): s.ing the whole scene 
with his eyes, oculis omnia p., Liv. 25, 
Q: v. SURVEY. 3. percurro, rri, 3: 
to s. with the eye, oculo p., Hor. S. 
2, 5, 54: with the mind, animo p., Cic. 
de Or. 1, <o. I]. Zo hurry along: 
2 1, verro, 3- the winds s. along the 
clouds, verrunt nubila venti, Lucr. 1, 
280. 2. rapio, rapui, raptum, 3: (the 
serpent) s.s its immense coils almg the 
ground, rapit immensos orbes per hu- 
mum, Virg. G. 2, 153. IV. Meton.: 
Phr.: you s. off whatever is put on the 
‘table, quidquid ponitur verris, Mart. 2, 
37, 1: swift death has s. off the illus- 
trious A., abstulit clarum cita mors 
Achillem, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 29: the plague 
$.8 off whole herds at a blow, morbi cor- 
ripiunt tota aestiva (pecudum) repente, 
‘Virg. G, 3. 472. 
sweet: {. Lit.: 1, dulcis, e 
fprop. 8. to che taste): (an animal) 
‘tastes things s. and bitter, (animal) sent- 
it dulcia et amara, Cic. N. D. 3, 13, 32: 
1296 


SWELL 


S. honey. d mel, Pl. As. 3, 3, 24. DN 
sudvis, e (prop s to the smell): as.and 
) leasant smell, odor s. et jucundus, Cic. 
Verr. 3.9, 23 s. to the taste, s. opp. to 
amarum, Lucr. 4, 660 s. to the ear, s. 
vox, Gell. 19,9 _ s.-smelling, suave olens, 
Cat. 61. 4. ll. Fig.: 1, dulcis: 
the name of peace is s., nomen pacis d. 
est, Cic. Phil 2, 4, 113 s. loves, d. am- 
ores, Hor. Od. I, 9, 15. 2. suavis; 
tis s. from the land to view another's 
toil, suave e terra alterius spectare la- 
borem, Lucr. 2, 1: s. friendship, s. ami- 
citia, id, 1, 142. 3. mellitus: mys. 
sparrow, m. passer, Cat. 3,6: s. eyes, m. 
oculi, id. 47, 1: my s,! mi mellite! M. 
Aur. in Front. Ep. ap. Caes. 415. 4, 
blandus, jicundus, gratus: v, PLEASANT, 
CHARMING. Ill. Fresh, not corrupted : 
intéger, gra, grum: Vv. SOUND, FRESH. 

sweet-bread:: *glandilae vitilinae: 
* glandium vitilinum. 

sweeten: |, Lit.: dulcem facere, 
reddere. |, Fig.: to make pleasant : 
priph. with adj.: ¥. SWEET. See also 
TO ALLEVIATE. 

sweetheart: 1, amores, um, m.: 
clasping his s. to his bosom, suos amores 
tenens in gremio, Cat. 45, 1. 2. deli- 
ciae, arum: (cf. Plaut. Poen. ¥, 2, 152, 
mea voluptas, meae deliciae, mea vita, 
mea amoenitas). 8. animus: Plaut. 

sweetly: 1, dulcé: Hor. Od. 1, 22, 
23. Q, dulciter, Cic. Fin. 2,6,18. 93. 
suavé (poet.): s. blushing hyacinth, s. 
rubens hyacinthus, Virg. E. 3,63., 4, 
suaviter: I see how s. pleasure tickles 
our senses, video quam s. voluptas sen- 
sibus nostris blandiatur, Cic. Acad. 2, 45, 
139: V. PLEASANTLY, DELIGHTFULLY. 

sweetness: |. Lit.: 1, dul- 
cédo, inis, f.: a@ bitter root with a certain 
s., radix amara cum quadam d., Plin. 26, 
6, 30, § 66. 9, suavitas, tatis, f. : 
the s. of scents, s. odorum, Cic. de Sen. 
17, 59. 8, dulcitiido, inis, f.:; the 
palate, which ts affected by s. more than 
the rest of the senses, gustatus qui dulce- 
dine praeter caeteros sensus commove- 
tur, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 9. ll. Meton.: 
dulcédo; suavitas; suavitudo (rare: Pl. 
Stich. 5, 5, 14): mel (poetica mella, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 9, 44): V. PLEASANTNESS, CHARM. 
S. of disposition, facilitas et lenitudo 
animi, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88: facilitas et 
humanitas, id. Fam. 13, 24: Vv. KIND- 
NESS, GOOD TEMPER. 

swell (subs.): s. of the sea, aestus, 
ls, m.: fluctus, is, m.: unda: v. WAVE, 
BILLOW. 

swell (v.): A. Trans.: I. 
To make to bulge out, enlarge: ‘A 
timéfacio, feci, factum, 3: Ov. M. 15, 
303. 9. inflo, 1; to s. out the cheelcs, 
inflare buceas, Hor. S. 1, 1, 20: swollen 
rivers, inflati amnes, Liv. 40, 33: the 
sail is swollen by the S. wind, inflatur 
carbusus Austro, Virg. Aen. 3, 357. 

3, distendo, di, tum, 3: fo s. out 

the dugs by the cytisus, ubera cytiso d., 
id. E. 9, 31: tos. with fatness, (equum) 
pingui d., id. G. 3, 124. 4, augeo, 
auxi, auctum, 2: to s. the treasury, a. 
aerarium, Tac. A. 3, 25. Phr.: swollen 
with food, tumidus, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 61: 
a swollen sea, tumidum mare, Virg. Aen, 
8, 671. Il. Meton.: 1, tiiméficio, 
3: swollen with joy, laetitia tumefactus, 
Ov. M. 15, 303. 9, inflo,1: to s. their 
minds to an intolerable pitch of pride, 
animos i. ad intolerabilem superbiam, 
Liv. 45, 31° Vv. PUFF UP, INFLATE. B, 
Intrans.: J. Lit.. j, timeo, 
2- my eyes s. with weeping, lumina 
fletu t., Tib. 1, 8, 68: the feet s., pedes t., 
Virg. Aen. 2, 273: the wave is swollen 
From the wind, unda t. a vento, Ov. F. 2, 
776. 2. ttimesco, mui, 3: the sea s.s, 
mare t., Cic. Div. 1, 7, 13: the wounds 
s., vulnera t., Tac. H. 2, 77. 8, tur- 
geo, tursi, 2: his face s.s from the blow, 
ora t. ab ictu, Ov. F. 3, 157: the buds s., 
gemmae t., Virg. E. 7, 48. 4, tur- 
gesco, 3: the seed s.s in the ground, t. 
semen in agris, Ov. Am. 3, 10, II. 5. 
augesco, 3 when the river began to s., 
augescente tlumine, Tac. H. 2, 34. 6. 
cresco, crévi, crétum, 3: the number of 


SWIM 


my friends has swollen, mihi crevere 
amici, Cic. Sest. 32, 69. |]. Meton.: 
to s. with pride, anger, etc. : 1, ta- 
meo, 3: many of the tribes s.ing with 
wrath, multis gentibus ira tumentibus, 
Liv. 31, 8: his fierce breast swells with 
fury, rabie fera corda t., Virg. Aen. 6, 
49: you s. with pride at your long pedi- 
gree, alto stemmate t., Juv. 8, 4o. OF 
tiimesco, 3: Ov. H. 8, 57. 3, turgeo, 
2: (my wife) swells with anger at me, 
(uxor) turget mihi, Pl. Cas. 2, 5, 17. 

4. turgesco, 3: a philosopher’s 
mind never 8.8, is never inflated, sa- 
pientis animus nunquam t., nunquam 
tumet, Cic. Tusc. 3,9, 19. Phr.: their 
hearts that had been s.ing with anger 
then grow calm, tumida ex ira tum corda 
residunt, Virg. Aen. 6, 407. 

swelling (subs.): 1. timor, Gris, 
m.: S-of the eyes, oculorum tumor, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 37, 81: the s. of a spot of 
ground, tumor loci, Ov. M. 15, 305: 7 
is certain that he had a s., eum tumore 
praeditum constat, Auct. Her. 2, 27, 44: 
inflamed s.s, ardentes tumores, Plin. 20, 
23, 96, § 257. 2, panus (s. of the 
feet): Plin. 24, 7,23,§ 39. §, strima 
(a scrofulous s.): ib. 4, timentia, 
ium, n. pl.: to apply pounded rue to 
bruises and s.s, rutam tritam imponere 
contusis tumentibusque, Plin. 29, 2, 9, 
§ 30. 5, *scirrhoma, atis, n. (a hard 
s.): Plin. 25, 8, 42, § 82 (others read 
steatoma, fatty s.): also, scirros, i, m.: 
id. 7, 15, 13,$ 63. Phr.: to reduceas., 
sedare tumorem, id. 2c, 16, 61, § 169: 
an inflamed s., rubicundus tumor, id. 
20, 25, 59, § 126: what is this s. on yeur 
neck ? quid hoc in collo tibi tumet? Pl. 
Pers. 2, 5, 11: V. TUMOUR. 

swerve: }. declino, 1: tos. from 
a straight course, recta regione viai d., 
Lucr. 2, 249. 2. dévertor, sus, 3: dé- 
cédo, ssi, 3}: V. DECLINE, DEPART. 

swift (subs.): a bird: apis, ddis, m.: 
Plin. 10, 39, 55, § 114. (Cypselus apus, 
Linn.). 

swift (adj.): céler, citus, vélox, per- 
nix, rapidus: v. QUICK, FAST, RAPID, 
Phr-.: s. im swimming, celer nandi, Sil 
4, 587: s. at catching the boar, celer 
excipere aprum, Hor. Od. 3, 12, 11: 
s.-footed, céléripes (rare), Cic. Att. 9, 7 
a s.-sailing ship, célox, ocis, f.: Liv. 21, 
17: célés, Etis, m.: Plin. 7, 56, 57,§ 208, 

swiftly ; célériter, velociter, cito, 
perniciter, rapidé, festinanter, vélox 
(ille velox desilit in latices, he s. leaps, 
Ov. M. 432): Vv. QUICKLY, RAPIDLY, 

swiftness: 1, vélocitas, tatis, f.: 
Cic.: Caes.: Quint. 2, céléritas, tatis, 
f.: Cic.: Caes.: s. in speaking, celeritas 
dicendi, Cic. Fl. 20, 48. 3, pernicitas, 
tatis, f.: s. of foot, p. pedum, Liv. 9, 
16. Join: pernicitas et velocitas, Cic. 
Tusce. 5, 15, 45. 4, rapiditas, tatis, 
S.: s. of a stream, ¥. fluminis, Caes. B, C. 
I, 62: V. QUICKNESS, RAPIDITY. 

swill (subs.): ]. A greedy drink- 
ing: potus, Us, m.: nimius potus. v, 
TIPPLING. I]. Swine’s wash: collii- 
vies, €i (colliivio, Onis), f.: Plin. 24, 19, 
116, § 176. 

Swill (v.): to drink greedily: 1, 
poto, 1: they were s.ing the whole day, 
totum diem potabatur, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 
67. Q, ingurgitare se: cf. Gell. 15, 2° 
Vv. TO TIPPLE, DRINK. 

Swim (subs.): v. SWIMMING. J 
Swim (¥.): |. Lit.: 1, nato, 1; 
very fond of s.ing, studiosissimus na- 
tandi, Cic. Fam. 7, 10: the fish s. in the 
sed, n. aequore pisces, Ov. Pont. 2, 4, 
28: Virg.: Prop.: Caes., etc. 2. no, 
1: Pl.: Cat.: Ov.: Tib.: @ wicker float 
is put upon boys who are learning to s., 
pueris qui nare discunt scirpea induitur 
ratis, Pl. Aul. 4, 1, 9g: you will s. with- 
out your cork floats, nabis sine cortice, 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 120. 8. fluito, 1 (not to 
sink): in the lake everything s.s, nothing 
sinks, in lacu omnia fi., nihil mergitur, 
Plin3 sn, 825 1S Gees il. Fig.: to 
be covered with liquid: 1, nato, 1: 
the paved floors were s.ing with wine, 
natabant pavimenta vino, Cic. Phil. 2, 
41,105. 2, mideo, 2: the earths.sin 


SWIM ACROSS 


YLLOGISM 


SYMPHONY 











blood, sanguine terra ma., Virg. Aen. 12, 
6g0. 3, rédundo, 1: Africa is s.ing 
with the blood of the enemy, sanguine 
hostium r. Africa, Cic. Manil. 11, 30: 
VY. OVERFLOW, DRENCH. Phr.: with 
s.ing eves, oculis uatantibus, Ov. M. 5, 72. 

swim across: 1, trano, 1: tos. 
across a river, flumen t., Caes. B.C. 1, 
48. 2, nando trajicio: Suet. Caes. 57. 

— down: dénito, 1: to s. down 
the Tuscan river, d. Thusco alveo, Hor. 
Od. 3, 7, 28. 

— on: inndto, 1: the alder ss 
upon the wave (alnus) i. undam, Virg. G. 
2, 451: men s. on the stream, flumini 
homines i., Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 93. 

— to or near: 1, anno, 1: to 
s. near the ships, naves a., Caes. B. C. 2, 
44: the cavalry s.ing near their horses, 
equites annantes equis, Tac. A. 14, 29. 

Q, annato, 1: Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 93: 
to s.to a man’s hand, ad manum hom- 
inis a., id. 9, 25, 46, § 86. 

swimmer: natator, oris, m.: the s. 
struggles to make way against the 
stream, pugnat in adversas ire n. aquas, 
Ov. R, Am. 122. Phr.: an active s., 
pige? .u nandum, id. H. 18, 210: to bea 
swift s., *citum natare, cf. Hor. Od. 3, 7, 
28. 

swimming (suvbs.): 1, natatio, 
Onis, f.: Cic. de Sen. 16, 58: also, a 
place for s.,Cels. 3,27,1. 2, natatus, 
Tis, m. (late): Stat. S. 1, 5, 25. Phr.: 
the habit of s., nandi usus, Tac. Agr. 
18: to save oneself by s., nando in tutum | 
pervenire, Nep. Chab. 4. 

swimmingly: plicidé, facilé, pros- 
péré : Vv. SUCCESSFULLY, SMOOTHLY. 





swindle (subs.): v. SWINDLING. 

swindle (v.): fraudare, dare verba 
alicui, circumvénire: v. TO CHEAT, DE- 
FrRauD. Phr.: tus.amanout of money, | 


aliquem argento emungere, ‘ler. Ph. 4, 
4,1. . 
swindler : praestigiator, alicujus 


fraudator, quadruplator (prop. an in- 
former), fraudilentus, mendax:  v. 
CHEAT, ROGUE. 

swindling (adj.): fraudiilentus: y. 
CHEATING, DISHONEST. 

swindling (subs.): fraus, fraudatio 
(rare), Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25 : circumscriptio, 
dodlus: v. FRAUD, CHEATING. 

i 1. sus, suis, 


swine: i}. A pig: 
3 ic. ucr.: Liv.: Ov.: Tac. 


m. 4 E 

. porcus, m. (a tame s.): Cic., ete. : 
a female s., porcus femina, Cato R. R. 
134. 8. porciilus (a young s.): PL 
Men. 2, 2, 36. =f. A herd of s.: pecus 
suillum: Varr. R. R. 2, 4, I: grex 
suillus, Liv. 22, 10. Phr.: s.’s flesh, 
porcina (sc. caro), Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 69: 
also, suilla caro, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 8: @ 
dealer in s., negotiator suarius, Piin. 21, 
3, 7,10: a market for s., forum suarium, 
Ulp. Dig. 1, 12, 1. [I]. Meton.: a 
ed person: porcus: Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 
I 


—— -herd: 1, stbuicus: Varr. 
Dani: 2. suarius: Plin. 8, 

51, 71, § 208. 
swiag (subs.): |, Act of s.ing: 
oscillatio, Onis, f. I]. An apparatus 


for s.ing: oscillum: Fest. 

swing (v.): A. Trans.: *huc 
illuc agitare, vibrare, jactare. B. 
Intrans.: 1, Zo move backwards 
and forwards: |, fluito, 1: the sails 
s.ing from the top of the mast, fluitantia 
vela malo, Ov. M. 11,470. 2, pendeo, 
pépendi, 2: his arms s. listlessly, fluidi 
Pp. lacerti, ib. 15 231. 8, hue illuc 
agitari,moveri, jactari. ||, Touseas.: 
oscillo, 1: Fest.: oscillatione ludere, 
Petr. 140. 

Swinish: Vv. GROSS, BRUTISH: @ s. 
Jellow, porcus, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 16. 

swipe: @ machine for raising heavy 
bodies: tolléno, nis, m.: Liv. 24, 34. 

switch: 1, virga: Juv. 3, 316. 

9. virgtila: Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 23: v. 

ROD, TWIG. 

swivel: perh. *verticiila: a machine 
that works on a s., * machina versatilis. 

swollen: tiimidus, turgidus: v. To 


swoon (subs.): 1, défectio, dnis, f. : 





Plin. 23, prooem.§ 4. 2, *syncope, es, 
or syncdpa, ae, f. (very late, and not to 
be used in writing Lat.), Phr.: to fall 
down in a s., collabi, Suet. Ner. 42. 

swoon (v.): 1, intermorior, mor- 
tuus, 3: after s.ing in the very meeting 
he died not long afterwards, in ipsa 
contione i. baud multo post exspiravit, 
Liv. 37, 53: s.ing from loss of blood, 
sanguinis profluvio intermorientes, Cels. 
5, 26, 25. 9. linqui animo: Sen. de 
Ir. 1, 12; I: V. TO FAINT. Phr.: his 
bowels being so relaxed that he s.’d, alvo 
usque ad defectionem soluta, Suet. Vesp. 
24: Sextius s.s, relinquit animus Sex- 
tium, Caes. B. G. 6, 38. 

swoop (subs.): impétus, incursus: 
V. ATTACK. 

swoop (v.): 8s. off: rapio. auféro, 
éverro: Vv. CARRY OFF. 

— uvon: péto, incurro, insilio: v. 
POUNCE UPON. 

sword: (edits 1, gladius: 
to draw a s., g. stringere, Caes. B C. 3, 


| 93: g. educere, id. B. G. 5, 44° g. dis- 


tringere, ib. 1, 25: g. nudare, Ov. F. 2, 
69: to sheath one’s s., g. Tecondere in 
vaginam, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 4: g. condere, 
Quint. 8, praef. ¢ 15. 2. gladidlus 
(dimin. of foregoing): Gell. 10, 25. 

8. ensis, is, m.: Liv. 7, 10. 4, 
ferrum: to attack a man with a s., in 
aliquem ferro invadere, Cic. Caecin. 9, 
25: to receive a stroke of a@ s., ferrum 
recipere, id. Tusc. 2, 17, 41. 5, mu- 
cro, Onis, m. (prop. point of the s.): the 
s.s of the soldiers, m. militum, Cic. Phil. 
14, 3,6: a death-dealing s., m.mortalis, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 740: to decide a battle at 
the s.’s point, rem ad mucrones adducere, 
Tac. Agr. 36. 6. spaitha (a broad s. 
without point): Tac. A. 12, 35. Phr.: 
@ crossing s.s, complexus armorum, id. 
Agr. 36. Il. Meton.: war, destruc- 
tion: Phr.: to have the power of the 
s., jus gladii habere, Ulp. Dig. 1, 18, 6: 
when the s. is unknown, ensibus ignotis, 
Sil. 7, 167: they threaten this city with 
Jire and s., huic urbi ferro ignique mini- 
tantur, Cio. Phil. 11, 14, 37: to waste 
with fire and s., ferro atque igni vas- 
tare, Liv. 31, 7: to decide by the s., 
ferro cernere, Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317: to 
attack with the s.,(regna) lacessere ferro, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 186: Vv. STEEL. Prov.: 
to kill a man with his own s., suo sibi 
gladio aliquem jugulare, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 
35. 

— -fish: 1, glidius: Plin. 9, 
15, 21, § $4. 9, xiphias, ae, m.: id. 
32, 2, 6, § 15: Ov. Hal. 97 (* Xiphias 
gladius, Linn.), 

sworn: [. Put upon oath: jarat- 
us, jurejurando obstrictus: v. TO SWEAR. 

I]. Affirmed on oath: jurejurando 
confirmatus: v. TO SWEAR. 

sycamore : 1, sycaémorus, f.: 
Cels. 5, 18, 7. 2. sycaminus, f.: and 
syciminon, Onis, f.: Ulp. Dig. 47, 11, 
Io (* ficus sycamorus, Linn.). 

sycophancy : sycophantia, Pl. Ps. 1, 
5, 70: assentatio, Onis, f.: adulatio, 
Onis, f.: V. ADULATION, FLATTERY. 

sycophant: 1. sycdphanta, ae, 
m.: Pl. Am. 1, 3, 8 2, assentator, 
ris, m.: Cic. Am. 26, 98. 3, adi- 
lator, Oris, m.: Auct. Her. 4, 21, 29: Vv. 
FLATTERER, PARASITE. 

syllabic: *quod pertinet ad syl- 

syllabical: eta: * quod in sylla- 
bas digeritur. 

syllable: sylliba: a verse too short 
or too long by a s., versus Ss. una brevior 
aut longior, Cic. Par. 3, 2,26: @ short s. 
put after a long s., s. longa brevi sub- 
jecta, Hor. A. P. 251. Phr.: to dictate s. 
by s., syllabatim dictare, Cic. Att. 13,25: 
a word of one s., vox monosyllaba, Mart. 
Cap - word of tivo s.s, verbum disylla- 
bum, Quint. 1, 5, 31: word of three s.s, 
verbum trisyllabum, Varr. L. L. 9, §2, 
151: to make a s. long, producere sylla- 
bam, Ov. Pont. 4, 12,12: to shortena s., 
corripere s., Quint. 1, 5, 18. 

syllogism : 1, sylldgismus, or 
-os: Sen. Ep. 108. Q. ritidcinatio, 
Onis, f.: if one thing is deduced from 
another the name given to this ts a &., si 











| ex alio colligitur aliud nomen est ratio. 
| cinationis, Quint. 8, 4, 16. Phr.: to 
draw a conclusion by a s., colligere, 
Pers. 5, 85 4@ conclusion of a s., cole 
lectio, Sen. Ep. 48: an imperfect s.. 
enth¥yméma, Quint. 5, 10. 
syllogistic: ¢ 1. sylldgisticus 
syllogistical: (Quint. 2, ratio- 
cinativus (according to Quint. 5, 10, 6, 
used by Cic. for syllogisticus). 
sylph: a kind of grub: v. GRruB. 
symbol: signum: v. SIGN, TOKEN, 
symbolical: to be s. of anything, 
* signum, imago esse alicujus: v. FIGU- 
RATIVE. 
symbolically: symbdlicé: Gell. 4, 
II; V. FIGURATIVELY. 
symbolize: Vv. REPRESENT, FIGURE. 
symmetrical : 1, congruens, 
ntis. 2. aequalis, e. Join: con- 
gruens et aequalis, Suet. Tib. 68. 3. 
*symmetros, on: Vitr. 1, 2: Vv. HAR 
MONIOUS. 
symmetrically: congruenter, con- 
vénienter, consénanter: Vv. HARMO- 
NIOUSLY. 
symmetry: 1, congruentia (rare): 
Snet.: Plin. Q. aequalitas. Join: 
congruentia et aequalitas (corporis), 
Suet. Oth. 2. 3. symmetria: Vitr. 1, 
2: Plin. 34, 8,19, § 58: thereis no Latin 
word to express s., non babet Latinum 
nomen s., ib. § 65. 4, convénientia; 
8. of parts, c. partium, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 14. 
sympathetic: ) |. “f like feel- 
sympathetical:) ings: coneors 
consoOnus, congruens, convéniens: v. 
HARMONIOUS. (|. Apt to sympathize : 
miséricors, cordis: v. PITIFUL. 
sympathetically : |. conveni- 
enter, consdnanter : Vv. HARMONIOUSLY. 
[]. miséricorditer: v. PITIFULLY. 
sympathize: |. To have a com- 
mon feeling with: 1. consentio, 
sensi, sensum, 4: all men s. with each 
other in thinking that we should tale up 
arms against that plague, omnes mor 
tales una mente c. arma contra illam 
pestem capienda, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7. 2. 
convénio, véni, ventum (rare in this 
sense), 4: if we ever s. with each other 
on that point, si de ea re unquam 
inter nos convenimus, PL Ps. 1, 5, 130. 
3, congruo, ui, 3: @ woman s.s more 
with a woman, mnulier mulieri magis c., 
Ter. Ph. 4, 5, 14. ll. To show s. oF 
fellow feeling with another: miséréri 
alicujus: aeque dolere cum aliquo, cf. 
Cic. Fam. 4, 6: I s.d with you in that 
calamity, communem eam calamitatem 
existimavi, id. Fam. 4, 5. 
sympathy: |. 4 natural agree- 
ment : ]. consensus, fis, m.: «hich 
the Greeks call s.,c. quam cup rafecay 
Graeci vocant, Cic. N. D. 3, 11, 28. 2, 
concordia: the similarity of their cha- 
racters produced such friendship and s., 
tantam habebat morum similitudo con- 
junctionem et c., Cic, Verr. 3, 9, 23: 
concordia, which the Greeks call s., 
concordia rerum, quam sympathicm 
Graeci vocant, Plin. 37, 4. 15, § 59. 
Phr.: when (the mind’s) judgments 
and opinions are in §., cum (anim?) 
judicia opinionesque concordant, Cic, 
Tusc. 4, 13, 30: they are tn thorough s. 
uith each other, illi inter se congruunt 
concorditer, Pl. Cure, 2, 2, 14 li. 
Fellow feeling with another: Phr.: to 
show s., animi dolorem adbibere, Cic. 
Fam. 4,6: s. in sorrou’, societas aegri- 
tudinis, ib.: to express my s. vith you, 
meum dolorem tibi declarare, ib. 5: @ 
letter of s., literae consolatoriae, Cic. 
Att. 13, 20: codicilli consolatorii, Suet. 
Oth. ro. 
symphonious: consdnans, consdnus, 


concinens: V. HARMONIOUS. 
symphony: |. A combination of 
musical sounds: 1, sympbinia: 


Cic. Verr. 3, 44, 105. 9. concentus, 
iis, m.: that sound which by blending 
high with low notes produces various §.5, 
ille sonus qui acuta cum gravibus tem- 
perans varios concentus efficit, Cic. Rep. 
6, 18. Il. 4 particular kind of mu- 
sical composition: sympbonia, Liv. 39, 
Io. 
827 


SYMPTOM 


—— eS 


symptom: |. Med.¢¢: 1. 
signum these are the fatal s.s, haec 
ante exitium dant signa, Virg. G. 3, 503. 

Q, indicium: the s.s of disease, in- 
dicia morbi, Cels.: s.s of poison, indicia 
veneni, Cic. Clu. 10, 30. 3. nota: in 
severe diseases the s.s of recovery and 
death are deceptive, in acutis morbis n. 
salutis et mortis fallaces sunt, Cels. 2, 6, 
fin. 4. significatio valétidinis : 
Cels. Phr.: if the alarming s.s remain, 
si terrentia manent, Cels. 3, 2. Il. 
Gen. any mark or sign: indicium, nota, 
signum: V. SIGN, TOKEN. 

synagogue : synigoga, ae, f.: 


Eccles. 

synchronism : *aequalitas tem- 
porum. 

syncovate: *literam eximere de 
verbo (Gramm.). 

syncope: |. Med. ¢. t.: *syn- 


cope, e8: V. SWOON, FAINT. |], Gram- 
mat. t. t.: for omission of a letter or 
syllable from the middle of a word: 


* syncope. 
syndic: 1. syndicus: Gai. Dig. 
3, 4, 3. Q, ciirator, oris, m. (member 


of extraordinary commission) : Cic. 

syndicate: |, Body of syndics: 

1. syndici: Liv. Q, expr. by viri, 

with number of members prefixed, as, 
a s. of ten, decemviri: Liv. Il. Office 
of s.: one’s membership of a s. of ten: 
decemviratus: Dig. 

synecdoche: grammat. ¢. ¢.: synec- 
ddché, es: Quint. 8, 6, 13. 

synod: ecclesiastical assembly: 1, 
*synédus, i, f.: Cod. Just. 1, 3, 23. 

2, conventus, tis, m.: v. ASSEMBLY. 

synodical: *synodalis: Eccl. 

synodals: constitutions of a synod: 
*synddalia, ium, m.: Eccl. 

synonym: 1, vocabilum idem 
déclarans: a number of s.s, plura voca- 
bula idem declarantia, Cic. Fin. 3, 4, 14: 
a collection of s.s, collecta vocabula quae 
idem declarant, Quint. 10,1,7. 2, vo- 
cabulum quod idem valet, significat: 
Quint. 

synonymous; idem declarans, signi- 
ficans, valens: many s. terms, plura vo- 
cabula idem declarantia, Cic.: v. sup.: 
“Tsee” is often s. with “ Iknow,” video 
saepe idem valet quod scio, Quint. Io, 1, 
3: weare looking for a word s. with the 
Greek, quaerimus verbum quod Graeco 
idem valeat, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13. 

synopsis: _ 1. synopsis, is, f.: Ulp. 
Dig. 27. 9, 5, § 11. 2. épitéma, or 
Epitdmé, es, f.: Cic. Att. 12, 5. 3. 
bréviarium . Suet. Galb. 12. 4, sum- 
marium : Sen. Ep. 39: v. SUMMARY. 

syntactical: *quod ad construc- 
tionem verborum pertinet. 

syntactically ; v. GRAMMATICALLY. 

syntax: 1, conséctitio verborum : 
Cic. Part.6. 2, constructio verborum: 
id. de Or. 1, 5, .17. 8. *syntaxis, is, 
J. Prise. 19, init. (uses ovytaé:s). 

synthesis: |. Grammat. ¢. ¢.: 
*synthesis. Il. Scientific ¢. ¢.: opp. 
to analysis: perh. compdsitio, dnis, 7. 

synthetical: perh. *per composi- 
tionem, conjunctionem. 

syringe (subs.): sipho, onis, m. : 
siphunciilus: clyster, Suet. Claud. 44: 
an ear-s,, clyster oricularius, Cels. 7, 27: 
¥. SQUIRT. 

syringe (v.): aspergo, conspergo: v. 
TO SPRINKLE, 

system: |. A scheme which 
unites many things in order: 1. 
formiila: a settled s. of philosophy, 
certa quaedam f. disciplinae, Cic. Acad. 
E; 4) 19: 2. descriptio, Onis, f.: 
a s. of government, d. reipublicae, 
id. Rep. 1, 46. 3. compdsitio, Onis, 
f.: a s. of philosophy, c. disciplinae, 
id. Fin. 3, 22, 74. 4, ars, tis, f.: 
a written treatise or rhetorical s., id. 
Inv. 6, 8: Fin. 4, 3, 5. 5, ritio, 
Onis, f.: the nature of governments often 
rises superior to the s., rerum publicarum 
natura saepe r. vincit, id. Rep. 2, 33: 
the (philosophical) s. of Epicurus, Epi- 
euri r., id. Fin. 1, 5, 13: of the Aca- 


TABLE 








195. 6. disciplina: philosophicai s., 
d. philosophiae, id. Acad. 4, 3, 7. ae 
artificium: eloquenze does not spring 
Jrom the s., but the s. from eloquence, 
non est eloquentia ex a., sed a. ex elo- 
quentia nata, id. de Or. 1, 32, 146: a s. 
of mnemonics, a. memoriae, Auct. Her. 
4, 16. 8, instititio artis: ib. 1, 9, 16. 
Phr.: to reduce to s., formulam ex- 
primere, Cic.: *in artem redigere, re- 
vocare: the science of war had been 
reduced to a regular s., disciplina mi- 
litaris in artis perpetuis praeceptis ordi- 
natae modum venerat, Liv. 9, 17. Il. 
Plan, method: via: a s. of teuching, 
docendi via, Cic. Or. 32, 114. 

systematic: 1. perpetuis prae- 

systematical: §ceptis ordinatus : 
Liv. v. swpr.: see also, METHODICAL. 

9. *ad certam formulam, artem, 

disciplinam redactus. a.) ex certa 
ratione factus. Phr.: all things that 
are taught in a regular and s. manner, 
omnia quae ratione docentur et via, 
Cic. Or. 33, 116. 

systematically : composite: via et 
arte dicere (to speak s.), Cic. Brut. 12, 
46: ecomposito: to do a thing s., *certa 
ratione aliquid facere. 

systematize: Phr.: to s. philo- 
sophy : certam quandam formam disci- 
plinae componere, Cic. Acad. 1, 4, 17: 
artem quandam philosophiae et rerum 
ordinem et descriptionem disciplinae 
facere, id. Tim. 18: to s. anything, re- 
digere aliquid in ordinem, ib. 3: to s. 
the divisions of a speech, partes orationis 
ordinare, Cic. Inv. I, 14, 19: V. ARRANGE, 
REGULATE. 


si 


ABARD (an ancient garment worn 
over the body: now only by he- 
ralds): *tabardum (Ducange): * cadu- 
ceatoris vestis, Kr. 
tabby ; the nearest words are macii- 
ldsus, Vv. SPOTTED: varius (of several 
colours), V. DAPPLED: discolor (of dif- 
JFerent colours): the vreced. are applied 
by poets to the lynx and tiger: some- 
times bicdlor (of two colours), may be 
used. 
tabernacle (subs.): |. Tent: ta- 
bernacitlum : v. TENT. I]. In a reli- 
gious sense: tibernactlum, Vulg. Num. 
Vii. 1: 2 Cor. v. 4: the feast of t.s, festum 
tabernaculorum: scenopegia, Vulg. Joan. 
Vil. 2. 
tabernacle (v.): habito, 1: v.DWELL. 
tablature: |. Painting on walls 
-or ceilings : parietum pictura, Plin. 35, 
Io, 37, § 116: abacus (panel-paint- 
ing), Vitr. 7, 3, 10. In Sen. Ep. go, 15, 
versatilia coenationum laquearia seems 
to denote painted panels so arranged in 
the ceilings that they were shifted during 
the banquet. ||. Zn music : *tabula- 
tura, ut vocant (Kircher, Musurg. Univ. 
vol. i. p. 495, Rome, 1650): * orbis, am- 
bitus melicus (Kr.). 
table: =. 4 flat surface: 
bila: Cic.: the XII. t.s of law, duo- 
decim t., id.: the two t.s of stone, duae t. 
lapideae, Vulg. Exod. xxxi. 18. Dimin.: 
tabella, Cic. 2. mensa: of a monu- 
mental slab, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66: the flat 
portion of a catapult, Vitr. 10, I1, 6. 
3. aes, aeris, n. (a t. of bronze): Vv. 
TABLET. ||. An article of furniture : 
1, mensa: a three-footed t., m. tripes, 
| Hor. S. 1, 3, 13: @ money t., m., Cic. Pis. 
36, 88: a toilette t., m. Delphica, id. Verr. 





1, ta- 


4, 59, 131: or simply Delphica, Mart. 
12, 66, 7 (i.e. a t. made after the pattern 
of the Delphic tripod): the Lord’s t., *m. 
Sancta (Ducange): at. sacred to the gods, 
m. deorum, Virg. Aen. 2, 764: a butcher’s 
t., m. lanionia, Suet. Claud. 15: @ t. for 
food, m. escaria, Varr. L. L. §, 25, 34,,fin. 
N.B.—The Roman usage was to bring 
in the table with the food set out upon 
it: hence the foll. expr.: to bring in 
the t=. m. ponere, Ov. M. 11, I1G: ap- 





demics, Academiae r., id. Acad. 4, 37. | ponere (with dat.), Pl. Asin. 5, 1, 2: to 
Join: artes et rationes, id. de Or. 3, 50, | bring in the second t. (= course), m. se- 
828 


TABLE 


cundam apponere, Cic. Att. 14, 21, ad fin. 
v. couRSE (VIII.): to lay the t., m. ex- 
struere, id. Tusc. §, 21, 62: to lay thet, 
carelessly, m. negligentius ponere, Sen. 
Ira, 2, 25, 1: to put anything on 
the t., aliquid mensis imponere, Ov. M. 
I, 230: in mensis apponere, PL Men. 1, 
3, 29: mensis, in mensis ponere, Mart, 
13, 653 Ov. Fast. 4, 367: to sit down at 
t. (ace. to the custom of earlier times), 
considere mensis, Virg. Aen. 7, 1763 
assidere, Sall. J. 11: to recline at t. (acc, 
te the custom of later times), mensis, 
ad mensas accubare, Cic. Tusec. 4, 2, 33 
accumbere, id. Verr. 5, 31, 81; cubare, 
id. de Or. 2, 86, 3533 discumbere, id. 
Att. 5, 1, 45 recumbere, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 1: 
at t., apud mensam, Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 773 
super m., Curt. 7, 4,7: ai thet. of Caesar, 
ad mensas Caesaris, Juv. 5, 4: to send 
one anything from the t., mittere aliquid 
alicui de mensa, Cic. Att. 5,1, 4: to watt 
at t., ad m. ministrare, consistere, id. Fin. 
2, 21, 69: adstare mensis, Mart. 8, §6, 
13: to wipe the t. with a cloth, gausape 
m. pertergere, Hor. S. 2, 8,11: to rise 
From t., a mensa surgere, Pl. Ps. 1, 3,773 
mensas linquere, Catul. 62, 3: to clear 
away the t., m, tollere, Cic. Pis. 27, 673 
auferre, Pl. Am. 2, 2, 1853 remo- 
vere, Ov. M. 13, 676. Dimin.: men- 
sila: J wrenched off the leg from a 
little t., mensulae pedem extorsi, Petr. S. 
136,5: Pl. 2, mdndpddium (@ ft. with 
one support, introduced from Asia): 
Liv. 39, 6, ad fin. 3. orbis, is, m, 
(prop. a round t.-top, as in Ov. Her. 17, 
87: hence a round t.): reund t.s of 
citron wood from Libya, Libyci o., 
Mart. 2, 43, 9. 4. quadra (a square 
t.): to live at another man’s ¢., aliena 
vivere q., Juv. 5, 2. 5, trabs. trabis, 
f. (a t. of wood); Mart. 14, 91,2. 6, 
abacus (a side-t.: v. Dict. Ant. 8. v.): 
he set out several side-t.s with silver 
plate, a, complures ornavit argento, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 21, 61. Phr.; @ t. of white 
marble, lapis albus, Hor, S. :, 6, 116. 
Ill. The meal itself, style of living: 
1. mensa: a frugal t., mi. brevis, 
Hor. A. P. 198: a@ modest t., verecunda 
m., Pers. 5, 44: the t.s (= good cheer) 
of Syracuse, m. Syracusiae, Cic. Tuse. 5, 
35, 100: the hospitable t. is a sacred 
thing, m. hospitalis res est sacra, Sen. 
Ben. 4, 38. 2. victus, us (fare, 
viands): a plain t., mundus v., Hor, 
Ep. 1, 4, 11: a simple t., tenuis v., Cie. 
Tusc. 5, 32, 89: the pleasures of the t., 
jucunditas victus, id. ib. 5, 34,100. 3, 
expr. very freq. by coena (dinner), con- 
vivium (banquet) Epilae, pl. (feast), 
dapes, pl. (most. poet.: no gen. pl. 
seems to occur): @ sumptuously fur- 
nished t., opipare apparatum convivium, 
Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58: lautissima coena, 
Plin. Ep. 9, 17: @ t. so spread with 
luxuries that you know not what to 
choose, coena dubia, Hor. S. 2, 2,77: to 
keep a bountiful t., liberales epulas 
struere, Tac. A. 15, 55: an extravagant 
t., profsae epulae, Cic. Mur. 36, 76: the 
pleasures of the t., epularum voluptates, 
id. Sen. 14, 50: conviviorum delectatio, 
id. ib. 13, 45: at ¢. inter coenam, 
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 19 (while dinner 
was going on): super ¢., Suet. Aug. 77: 
in convivio, Nep. Att. 14, 1: to be car- 
ried away from t., de convivio anferri, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23. Phr.: they called the 
sitting down of friends to t. a banquet, 
accubationem epularem amicorum con- 
vivium nominarunt, Cic. Sen. 13, 45 
(q. v.): @ vast company is sitting at t., 
ingens coena sedet, Juv. 2, 119: fo sit 
at the head, bottom, of the t. (acc. to 
modern usage), expr. by summo, imo 
loco: acc. to Roman usage, medius, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 698: Cic. Rep. 1, 12: v. 
Dict. Ant. s, v. TRICLINIUM: fo make 
any one roll under the t., aliquem vino 
deponere, Pl. Aul. 3, 6, 39. IV. 4 
gaming board: vy. BoaRD (1V.). Phr.: 
suddenly the t.s were turned, convers& 
subito fortuna est, Nep. Att. 10, init, 
VY. A classified list, or scheme; 1, 
index, icis, m. (a register for reference) : 
take into your hands a t. of philosopher& 


TABLE-BEER 


TACKLE, TACKLING 


TACTICIAN 





sume in manus indicem philosophorum, 
Sen. Ep 39, 2: (ef. Cic. Att. 4, 4, in- 
dices, quos vos Graeci avAAaBous appel- 
latis). 2. stemma, Atis, nm. (prop. 
a garland joining the busts of ancesiors, 
hence a genealogical t.); what profit is 
there in genealogical t.s? stemmata 
quid faciunt? Juv. 8, 1: Suet. Ner. 37. 
{N.B.—Tabula (sing. and pl.) is not 
classical in the sense of systematised 
tables, for which modern writers use it, 
and also *systéma, Atis, n.: e.g. ts of 
chronology, luistory, etc., t. chronologicae, 
historicae. In passages such as Caes. B.G. 
I, 29, reference is made to lists written or 
engraved on tablets.}: Vv. LIST, SYNOPSIS. 

table-beer: *cerevisia cibaria (Kr.). 

—  -cloth: mantéle, is, 7. (mantile): 
Isid. Orig. 19, 26. Lt was originally a 
towel or naplcin, cf. Virg. G. 4, 377. To 
lay the t., mensam manteli operire, after 
arg l.c.: sternere, after Trebell. Gall. 
16, 3. 

— -couch: 1. triclinium (one 
of a set of three couches) : Cic. Att. 13, 
§2: v. Dict. Ant.s.v. 2, lectus: Cic. 
Verr. 2, 74,183. 3, lectiilus (dimin.): 
Cic. Mur. 36, 75. 4, sigma, itis, n. 
(a semicircular t., called after the old 
shape of the Greek letter sigma, C): the 
t. holds seven, septem s. capit, Mart. 10, 

8, 6. 
? — -land: no exact word: Cic. thus 
describes the position of Enna: loco 
praecelso atque edito, quo in summo est 
aequata agri planities, Verr. 4, 48, 107: 
expr. by planities, campus editus. 

—— -napkin: mappa, Hor. S. 2, 8, 
63: more precisely, m. tricliniaris, Varr. 
L. L. 9, 33, 138. 

—— -service: 1, ministérium : 
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 34,1. 2, expr. usu. 
by vasa, drum, pl. : t.s of silver and gold, 
convivalia ex auro et argento v., Curt. 
8, 12, 16: t. of earthenware, v. fictilia, 
Sen. Ep. 95, 12: @ service of gold for a 
single t., aurea mensae unius V., Liv. 41, 
20: escarium aurum, Inscr.: at. of silver, 
argentum mensale, Vopisc. Tac. 10, ad 
Jin. : escarium argentum, Ulp. Dig. 34, 
2, 19, § 12: or simply argentum, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 15, 33. Phr.: ts for daily or 
special use, v., quae ad mensam quoti- 
dianam atque epulationem pertinent, 
Cic. Fragm. Oec. 1. 

— -talk: expr. by fabilae, sermo: 
the freedom of t.t., convivalium sermo- 
um simplicitas, Tac. A. 6, 5, ad fin. : 
the t.t grew brisk, epularis sermo per- 
crebuit, Apul. Met. 2, p. 123: friendly 
talk, which is most agreeable at table, 
sermo familiaris qui est in conviviis 
dulcissimus, Cic, Fam. 9, 24, 3. 

tablet: 1, tabiila (esp. a writing 
t.): at. engraved with these letters, t. his 
literis incisa, Liv.6,29,ad fin.: a painted | 
t., t. picta, Cic. Brut. 75, 261: a votive t., | 
t. votiva, Hor. Od. 1, 5,12: V. PICTURE: @ 
writing-t. for children, t. literaria, Varr. 
R.R. 3,5, 10: at. covered with waz, t. ce- 
rata, PL. Asin. 4, 1,18: to put down one’s 
name on the ts (i.e. list) of the pro- 
scribed, referre nomen in tabulas, Cic. 
Rose. Am. 8, 21. 2, tibella (dimin. 
of preced.): to engrave letters on a t. as 
neatly as possible, literas t. quam optime 
insculpere, Quint. 1, 1,27: to write on t.s 
(previously smeared with wax, v. No. 4), 
perarare t.,Ov, Am. I, 11, 7: painted t.s, 
tabellae (sc. pictae), Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3: 
three voting-t.s apiece, ternae t., Caes. 
B. C. 3, 83: a@ votive ¢., votiva t., Hor. S. 
2, 1, 33: ts wreathed with laurel (in 
token of victory), laureatae t. (= literae), 
Liv. 45, I. 3. acs, aeris, n. (bronze): 
to engrave on (bronze) t.s, in aes in- 
cidere, Cic. Phil. 1,7,16. 4, céra (at. 
covered with wax): to write words on t.s, 
verba ceris incidere, Ov. Met. 9, 529: to 
bring back one’s t.s full, plenas c. re- 
portare, Plin. Ep. 1, 6: deserving to be 
entered on the ts of Caere (i.e. to be 
disfranchised), Caerite cera dignus, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 6, 62. 5, album (a white t., 
such as the Praetor and Pontifex 
Mazimus used): to down on the t.s, 
in album referre, Liv. 1, 32, ad init.: 
to sit at the t. (.e. to study the praetor’s 





edicts), ad album sedere, Sen. Ep. 48, 10. 

6, pigillares, ium, m. pl. (sc. libelli; 
writing t.s that can be easily held in the 
hand): a pen and t.s, stylus et p., Plin. 
Ep. 1,6. Also in the form pigillaria, 
n. pl.: new t.s, not even yet covered with 
waz, p. nova, nondum etiam cera illita, 
Gell. 17,9; Catul. 42, 5. 7. cddicilll, 
m. pl. (small writing t.s): writing t.s, 


not letters, c., non epistolae, Plin. 13, 13, | 
27. Cic. uses the word for a short writing, | 


or note. 8. tesséra ‘of square shape, 
used as a token): he orders the t. to be 
given to every one, t. omnibus dari jubet, 
Liv. 7, 35, ad intt.: the t. of mutual 
hospitality, t. hospitalis, Pl. Poen. 5, 2, 
87: v. Dict. Ant. s.v. Dimin.< tessé- 
rila; a small voting t., t., Varr. R. R. 3, 
5, 18° also, of @ sinall t. entitling the 
holder to receive a dole of corn, Pers. 5, 
74. (N.B—Tabula rasa is a modern 
phrase, introduced prob. by the writers 
on metaphysics, and must therefore, if 
used, be qualified by, ut aiunt, quam 
vocant, etc. Its origin may be traced in 
such passages as Ov. A. A. I, 437.) 

table-wine: vinum cibarium, Varr. 
in Non. 93, 14: v. mensale, Auct. in 
Vopisc. Aurel. 9. 


tabor, tabret: nearest word tym- | 


panum, cf. Phaedr. 4, I, 7. 

tabular: *per indices, tabulas, de- 
scriptus, expositus (Kr.). 

tacit: tacitus: t. exceptions, t. ex- 
ceptiones, Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 140: at. agree- 


ment, t. conventio, Ulp. Dig. 20, 2, 3: as | 


if by a t. truce, velut t. induciis, Liv. 2, 
64: V. SILENT. 
tacitly ; tacité : most wisely and in 
a measure t. does the law itself grant the 
power of defence, persapienter et quo- 
dammodo t. dat ipsa lex potestatem de- 
fendendi, Cic. Mil. 4, 11: v. SILENTLY. 
taciturn; taciturnus (mostly poet.: 
once in Cic.: no superl. or adv.) : because 
they saw him always sombre and t., 
quia tristem semper, quia t. videbant, 
Cic. Sest. 9,21: t. obstinacy, t. obstinatio, 
Nep. Att. 22, 2: at. man, Harpocrates 
(prop. the god of silence), Catul. 102, 4. 
taciturnity: ticiturnitas: Cic.: v. 
SILENCE. 
tack(v.): A. Trans.: 1, assuo, 
3 (to sew on to: only fig. and in the foll. 
pass.): one or two patches of cloth are 
td on, unus et alter assuitur pannus, 
Hor. A P. 15: so desuo, 3, to t. down, 
Cat. R. R.21, 3.  Q, conséro, ui, ertum, 
3 (to join together): birds’ feathers are 
t.’d together to make a garment, avium 
plumae in usum vestis conseruntur, 
Sen. Ep. go, 16: a garment t.’d together 
with thorns, consertum tegumen spinis, 
Virg. Aen. 3, 5§94- 8. expr. by figo. 
xi, xum, 3° to ¢. the gutter-tiles together, 
imbrices clavulis figere, Cat. R. R. 21, 
3. Phr.: the charge of high treason 
was then tid on to every accusation, 
crimen majestatis tum omnium accusa- 
tionum complementum erat, Tac. A. 3, 
38. B. Intrans. (a naut. ¢. ¢.): ré- 
ciprocor, 1: feeling quite sure that the 
quinquereme could not t. about against 
the opposing current, quinqueremem 
satis credens in adversnm aestum reci- 
procari non posse, Liv, 28, 30, ad med. : 
cf. flectere navem, Auct. B. Alex. 64, extr. 
Phr.: other ships t.ing about to catch 
the chopping winds, aliae (naves) ad in- 
certos ventos hinc atque illinc obliqua 
transferentes vela, Liv. 26, 39, ad fin. : 
and with one accord they t. first to star- 
board, and then to larboard, pariterque 
sinistros nunc dextros solvere sinus, 
Virg. Aen. §, 830: to sail on the star- 
board t., obliquare laevo pede carbasa, 
Lue. 5, 428. Fig.: to sail on a dif- 
Jerent t., mutare velificationem, Cic. 
Fam. I, 9, 21. 
tack (subs.): |. A small nail: 
clavilus: t.s with large heads, c. capitati, 
Varr. R. R.2,9, 15. If. A rope which 
secures the lower corner of a sail: pes, 
pedis, m.: Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 159. 
tackle (v.): (used only in common 
language): perh. obviam ire, obsistere 
(alicui), Pl. Most. 3, 1,8: Amph. 3, 4, 2. 
tackle, tackling (svbs.): 1, ar- 


mamenta, Orum, n. pl. (all the appliances 
and fittings necessary for a vessel): the 
names of the different parts of the t, 
vocabula armamentorum, Caes. B. C. 1, 
58: to provide with t., armamentis in- 
struere, ib. 1, 36: since all the hope of 
the Gallic vessels lay in their sails and 
t., cum omnis Gallicis navibus spes in 
velis armamentisqueé consi-teret, id. B.G. 
3, 14: to lower the t., a. demere (opp. to 
tollere), Liv. 21, 49: demittere, Sen. Ben. 
6, 15. 6: with the t. in disorder, fusis a, 
Suet. Aug. 17, ad med.: to dismantle 
a ship of her t., havem armamentis spo- 
| liare (said of a storm), Liv. 30, 39: to 
| arrange and adjust the t., a. complicare 
et componere, Pl. Mere. 1, 2,83. Phr.- 
ships equipped with t., armatae naves 
Caes, B. G. 3, 13: instructae ornataeque 
| naves, Cic. Verr. 5, 51, 133. 2. arma, 
jorum, 7. pl. (rare): ships thoroughly 
| provided with every kind of t., naves 
omni genere armorum ornatissimae, 
Caes. B.G. 3, 14. 3. riidentes, um, 
m. pl. (ropes, rigging): the creaking 
| of the t., stridor rudentum, Virg. Aen. 
| I, 87: the south-east wind tears the t. to 
| bits, r. differt Kurus, Hor. Epod. 10, 5. 
Phr.: jishing-t., linum et hami, Ov. Met. 
3, 586: rete atque hami, Pl. Rud. 4, 3, 56. 
tact: 1, ingénium (natural talent: 
a term of wide application): ¢. m fa- 
bricating falsehoods, i. ad tugendum, 
Cic. Font. 14, 30: V. SKILL (hence adj, 
ingéniosus: giving requires t., res 
est ingeniosa dare, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 62). 
Q. dextéritas (natural cleverness in 
carrying out an undertaking : rare, and 
usu. joined to ingeninm) Scipio pos- 
sessed such natural ¢. in all things, tanta 
| inerat Scipioni ad omnia naturalis ine 
| genii d., Liv. 28, 18. 3, also expr. 
by the adj. dexter, or adv. dextre: he 
managed the matter with so much t., rem 
ita dexter egit. Liv. 8, 36: by dis- 
charging his duties with t., dextre 
obeundo officia, id. 1, 34, ad fin.: 
nobody has used his success with greater 
t., nemo dexterius fortuna est usus, 
Hor. S. 1,9, 45. Phr.: a@ man devoid 
of t., ineptus, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17 (q. ¥.): 
there are some possessed of such t. in 
| these very matters, sunt quidam ita in 
iisdem rebus habiles, ib. 1, 25, 115. 
(N.B.—Sollertia denotes quickness in 
realising new ideas ; calliditas, skill and 
cunning, arising from experience. The 
hrase naturali quodam bono occurs in 
Nep. Thras. 1, 3. in the sense of a cer- 
tain natural t.; but in Cic. Cael. 5, 11, it 
means an innate principle of goodness.} 
tactics: expr. by ordo, inis, m. (mili- 
| tary arrangement, discipline): or by 
res militaris (all that has to do with the 
| art of war) : he introduced many changes 
in t., some of which were novelties, some 
improvements, multa in re militari par- 
tim nova attulit, partim meliora fecit, 
Nep. Iphic. 1,2: as the principles and 
method of t. required, ut r. m. ratio 
atque ordo postulabat, Caes. B.G. 2, 22: 
ct. 2, 19. As the title of a work, “ De 
Re Militari” (Vegetius) = “On ts”: 
he speaks of ¢.s as armorum disciplina, I, 
praef.: also belli, bellandi ratio: Caesar 
| thought that he must wholly change his 
|¢., Caesar omnem sibi commutandam 
| belli rationem existimavit, Caes. B. C. 3, 
| 73, init.: in a new kind of warfare new 
| t. were invented, in novo genere belli 
novae bellandi rationes reperiebantur, 
ib. 3, 50: the whole science of ¢., omnes 
belli, militiae, artes, Liv. 25,40, ad med. ; 
id. 25, 37, ad init.; ¢.s, ars bellica, PL 
| Epid. 3, 4, 14: military training had 
assumed the form of a science (i. e., t.) 
reguiated by settled principles, disci- 
plina militaris in artis perpetuis prae- 
ceptis ordinatae modum venerat, Liv. ‘7 
17, ad med. Fig.: Uf these t. sha 
seem hazardous to you, si haec rei ge- 
rendae ratio periculosa tibi videbitur, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6. 
tactician: ¢@ ¢., rei militaris peritus, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 25, init.: a consummate t 
successful rather in battles than in cam, 
paigns, unicus bellandi artifex, magisque 
in praelio quam in bello bonus (said or 
829 











TADPOLE 





Pyrrhus), Liv. Fragm. in Fulda MS. of 
Servius. Aen. 1: Veget. Milit. 3, praef. 
says ‘‘magistri armorum, quos tacticos 
appellaverunt:” (sc. the Greeks). 

tadpole: 1, ranuncilus, Cic. : 
ranila, App. 9. gyrinus, Plin. 9, 51, 
"4. (The gyrinus of modern naturalists 
is a water beetle.) 

taffeta: *taffata (Ducange)~- pannus 
sericus (Kr.). 

tag (subs.): nearest word acus, which 
is used for the pin of a buckle in Treb. 
Poll. Claud. 14, 5. 

tag (v.): to put a tag to, perh. * acu 
aliquid praefigere : to tag after a person, 
subséquor, citus, 3: Cic.: Dryden's 
“ tags every sentence with some fawn- 
ing word”? may be comp. with succinit 
alter, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 48. 

tag-rag: 1. quisquiliae, pl. (sweep- 
ings, refuse), the t.-r. of the faction of 
Clodius, q. seditionis Clodianae, Cic. Sest. 
43, 94: V. REFUSE. 9. faex, cis, f. 
(the dregs): among the lowest and vilest 
t.-r., apud perditissimam atque infimam 
faecem populi, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 5. 3. 
colliivio (a motley gathering : later form, 
colliivies, Tac.): in the t.-r. that fol- 
lowed Drusus, in colluvione Drusi, Cic. 
Vatin. 9,23. 4, sentina (bilge-water) : 
rast t.-r. of the city, 8. urbis, Liv. 24, 29: 

Cc. 


tail: — |. Lit.: cauda: ahorse’st., 
c. equina, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 45: a t. of hair, 
c. setosa, Plin. 11, 50, 111 (q. v.): a fea- 
thered t., pinnata c., Attius in Cic. Tusc. 
2, 10, 24: of the peacock, to unfold its 
jewelled ¢., gemmeam, pictam, c. expli- 
care, Phaedr. 3, 18, 8; Hor. S. 2, 2, 
26: the tip of the t., ultima c., Plin. 9, 
5, 4: the t. shows the temper of lions, 
leonum animi index est c., id. 8, 16, 
19: to lash the sides with the t., caedere 
terga cauda, Catul. 63, 81: to wag the t. 
gently, leniter atterere c., Hor. Od. 2, 19. 
30: clementer (indly) et blande movere, 
Gell. 5, 14: c. jactare (fig., io fawn upon, 
ef. adulor), Pers. 4, 15, to go with the t. 
between the legs, c. sub alvum reflectere, 
Plin. 11, 50, 111: to cut off the t., c. am- 
putare, ib.: to crop puppies’ t.s, c. catu- 
lorum castrare, Col. 7, 12, 14. Phr.: 
neither head nor t., nec caput nec pedes, 
Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2: nec pes nec caput, 
Hor. A. P. 8: nec caput nec pes, Pl. Asin. 
3, 3, 139: com.: “to grow backwards, 
like a calf’s t.”, retroversus crescere, 
tanquam c. vituli, Petr. 44,12. [N.B.— 
The older word was penis: cf. Cic. Fam. 
9, 22, 2.] ll. Fig.: of a plough: 
biris, is, im, m. (bira, Varr.): Virg. G. 
I, 170: of a comet, crines, m.: cdmae : 
also barba, juba, Plin. 2, 24, 22 (q. v.): 
Vv. COMET: of @ crowd: expr. by ex- 
trémus, ultimus: despising him who 
follows with the t., temnens extremos 
inter euntem, Hor. S. 1, 1, 116: see END, 
LAST: of a garment, peniculamentum : 
Vv. TRAIN. 

tailless; *sine cauda: to be t., c. 


carere. 

tailor: 1, vestitor (a maker of 
clothes): fullers, t.s, and painters, ful- 
lones, et v., et pictores, Lampr. Alex. 
Sev. 41,3. 2, vestificus, f.-a: Inscr.: 
also vestifex, Inscr. 8. vestiarius né- 
gotiator (a dealer in clothes, merchant 
t.): Scaev. Dig. 38, 1,45: so vestiarius 
alone, Ulp. Dig. 14, 3,5: vestiarius tenu- 
arius, Inscr., seems to denote a maker of 
thin clothes 4, expr. sometimes by 
textor (weaver), since garments were 
woven: and by the help of the t. apes 
the scanty garb of Cato, exiguaeque 
togae simulet textore Catonem, Hor. Ep. 
1,19, 13. 5, sartor (prop. a mender of 
old clothes): Non. 7, 28: a common 
word for ¢. in Mediaeval L.: v. Du- 
cange. Phr.: to be a t., * vestificinam 
exercere (Kr.): to keep a t.’s shop (for 
the sale of ready-made clothes), officinam 
promercalium vestium exercere, Suet. 
Gram. 23 the t. makes the man, *vestis 
facit virum, Erasm.: (cf. stultissimus 
est qui hominem aut ex veste, aut 
ex conditione quae vestis modo nobis 
circumdata est aestimat, Sen. Ep. 47, 
rb). 

830 


TAKE 


tailor-bird ; *motacilla sartorius, 


Linn. 

tailoring: vestificina, Tert. Pall. 3, 
ad jin. (where some interpret it clothes- 
shop): the art of t., * ars vestes faciendi 
(Kr.). 

taint (v.): 1, inficio, féci, fectum, 
3 (to t. by admixture) : to t. the pastur- 
age with infection, i. pabula tabo, Virg. 
G. 3, 481. honey very little t.d with the 
flavour of leaves, mel minime fronde 
infectum, Plin. 11, 13, 13. Fig.: the 
whole state is wont to be t.’d with the 
vices of its chief men, vitiis principum 
infici solet tota civitas, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 
30. 2. imbuo, ui, iitum, 3 (to ft. by 
immersion : esp. common in pass. part.) : 
a gift td with poison, tabo munus im- 
butum, Hor. Epod. 5, 65. Fig.: a 
mind ¢.’d by evil practices, animus im- 
butus malis artibus, Sall. Cat. 13, ad 
jin.: td with superstition, superstitione 
imbutus, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 60. Join: 
imbuti et infecti, Liv. 40, 11. 8, vi- 
tio, 1 (to render impure or faulty): the 
bone is t.’d, os vitiatur, Cels. 8, 2, init. : 
the breezes are t.’d by the smell, vitiantur 
odoribus aurae, Ov. M. 7, 548: to eat a 
td boar, vitiatum (aprum) consumere, 
Hor. Sat. 2, 2,91: a stomach t.’d by dis- 
ease, stomachus morbo vitiatus, Sen. 
Ben. 5,12,6. 4, praevitio, 1 (to t. be- 
forehand): this gulf the goddess t.s 
beforehand, and pollutes with marvel- 
lous drugs, hune (gurgitem) dea prae- 
vitiat, portentificisque venenis inquinat, 
Ov. M. 14, 55. 5, contamino, 1 (to ¢. 
by contact): a t.d breath, contaminatus 
spiritus, Cic. Pis. 9, 20. Fig.: the 
senate thought their blood was being t.’d, 
contaminari sanguinem suum patres re- 
bantur, Liv. 4,1, ad init. 6, inquino, 
1 (to pollute: a weaker word than in- 
ficio): water td by corpses, aqua cada- 
veribus inquinata, Cie. Tusc. 5, 24, 97. 
Fig.: to t.a man’s reputation, i. famam, 
Liv. 29, 37: we are not slightly t.'d, but 
thoroughly impregnated (with vice), non 
inquinati sumus, sed infecti, Sen. Ep. 59, 
9. 7, corrumpo, ripi, ruptum, 3 (to 
spoil, corrupt): the fish is t.’d, pisces 
corrumpuntur, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 67: a 
region of the air being t.’d, corrupto 
coeli tractu, Virg. Aen. 3, 138: Cic. 
Phr.: a tumid and swollen limb is t.’d, 
membrum tumidum et turgidum vitiose 
se habet, Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 19: to ¢. us 
with vice unawares, nobis vitium nesci- 
entibus allinere, Sen. Ep. 7, 2. 

taint (swzbs.): 1. contagio (prop. 
touch: hence, t. conveyed by touch): to 
bring the t. (of a disease) into a country, 
c. importare, Plin. 26, 2,3: to weaken 
the rest by the t., contagione ceteros labe- 
facere, Col. 6, 5,1. Fig.: thet. of that 
guilt is more widely spread, latius patet 
illius sceleris c., Cic. Mur. 37, 78: the t. 
of superstition, ¢. superstitionis, Plin. 
Ep. 10, 97, ad.fin.: to preserve their dis- 
position pure and undefiled from the t. 
of the neighbouring people, ingenium 
sincerum integrumque a contagione ac- 
colarum servare, Liv. 37, 54. 9. con- 
tactus, is (syn. of preced.): Liv.: Tac. 

3. contagium (mostly poet.: usu. 

in pl.): the evil t. of the neighbouring 
cattle, mala vicini pecoris contagia, Virg. 
E.1,50. Fig.: thet. of crime, scelerum 
c., Lucan 3,322. 4, vitium (a blemish, 
fault): tt is plain that the t. passed into 
the springs, constat in fontes v. venisse, 
Ov. M.4, 533: the dying herbage thirsts 
by reason of the t. in the air, vitio mor- 
iens sitit aéris herba, Virg. E. 7, 57. 

tainted (part. and adj.): v. To 
TAINT: the t. air, aer non sanus, Lucan 
7, 830. Of meat: rancidus: a t. boar, 
r. aper, Hor, Sat. 2, 2, 89: slightly t. 
meat, caro subrancida, Cic. Pis. 27, 67: 
rancidula obsonia, Juv. 11, 134. 

take: A. Trans.: |. To lay 
hold of, get possession of : 1. capio, 
cépi, captum, 3 (in nearly all senses of 
the Eng. word): t. stones in your hand, 
cape saxa manu, Virg. G. 3, 420: to f¢. 
food, c. cibum, Sall. J. 91: to t. cups of 
strong drink, c. acria pocula, Hor. Sat. 
2, 6,69: to t.a stag, cervum c., Phaedr. 


TAKE 


I, 5, 5: nor have I tn a single ounce 
of fish to day, neque piscium ullam un- 
ciam hodie pondo cepi, PL Rud. 4, 2, 8: 
to t.a town, oppidum c., Sall. J. 92: to 
t. tribute by right of war, c. stipendium 
jure belli, Caes. B. G. 1, 44: thieves 
change the marks of the things they have 
t.n, fures earum rerum quas ceperunt, 
signa commutant, Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74: to 
t. moneys illegally, contra leges pecunias 
c., id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10: to t. arms, c. 
arma, Caes. B. C. 3, 11. Fig.: to t. its 
name from the disaster of the Roman 
people, ex calamitate populi Romani 
nomen ¢., id. B. G. 1, 13,ad jin.: a desire 
of ascending to the top of the mountain 
had t.n possession of him, cupido eum 
ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi, 
Liv. 40, 21, ad init.: the flower t.s the 
shape which lilies t., flos capit formam 
quam lilia, Ov. M. 10, 212 captive 
Greece tool: prisoner her fierce conqueror, 
Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 1, 156: t.n by the sweetness of her 
voice, captus dulcedine vocis, Ov. M. 1, 
709: to be t.n captive by pleasure, volup- 
tate capi, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105. [N.B.— 
The foll. phr. should be noted: to ¢. 
counsel, c. consilium, Caes. B. G. 4, 10: 
to t.a dislike to, c. odium (with gen.), 
Ter. Hee. 2, 1, 22: to t. flight. c. fugam, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 26: that the state may t. 
no harm, ne quid detrimenti respublica 
capiat, Formula in Cic.: Caes.: to t. the 
opportunity, c. occasionem, Pl. Ps. 4, 3, 
6: to t. pattern by, c. exemplum (de 
aliquo), Ter. Andr. 4, 1, 27: to 4. pity 
upon, c. misericordiam (with gen.), Cic. 
Quint. 31, 97: to t. pleasure, c. volup- 
tatem (quod), id. Plane. ad init.: laeti- 
tiam (ex aliquo), id. Att. 4, 18, ad jim.: 
c. gaudium, Plin. Ep. 6, 11, ad fin.: tot. 
rest, c. quietem, Caes. B. G. 6, 27: to t. 
sleep, c. somnum, Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 114: to ¢. 
warning by, c. docnmentum (ex aliquo), 
Cic. Phil. 11, 2, §.] 2. sumo, mpsi, 
mptum, 3 (prop. to ¢. up, t. what lies be- 
Fore one, choose, assume) : to t.a cudgel, 
fustem s., Pl. Am. 1, I, 205: to ¢. into 
one’s hands, in manus s., Cic. Tuse. 2, 3, 
8: to t. bread, s. panem, Suet. Aug. 77: 
to t.a light from a light, lumen de In- 
mine s., Ov. A. A. 3, 93: tot. provisions 
for two days, alimenta in biduum s., 
Curt. 7, 11, 14: to t. money on loan, 
pecuniam mutuam s., Cic. Flac. 20, 46: 
to t. the toga virilis, s. togam virilem, id. 
Am. 1, 1 (see Dict. Ant.): to t. the dia- 
dem, s. diadema, Suet. Cal. 22: to t. 
arms, s. arma, Quint. 5, 10,71. Fig.: 
to t. courage, s. animum, Ov. Fast. 1, 
147: to t. pleasure, s. gaudium, id. R. 
Am. 401: to t. as a certainty, s. pro 
certo, pro non dubio, Cic. Div. 2, §0, 104 5 
Liv. 39, 28: let us t.a@ man (as an in- 
stance), sumatur nobis vir, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
24, 68: t.a theme equal to your powers, 
sumite materiam aequam viribus, Hor. 
A. P. 38: words t.n from common life, 
verba de medio sumpta, Cic. Or. 49, 163: 
V. TAKE UP, CHOOSE, ASSUME. 3. pré- 
hendo, (prendo), di, sum, 3 (to grasp): 
to t. by the ears, p. auriculis, Pl. As. 3, 
3, 78: to t. one by the hand, p. aliquem 
manu, Cic de Or. 1, 56, 240: fo t. in the 
act of theft, p. in furto, PL. As. 3, 2, 175 
manifesto furto, Gell. 11, 18: én bya 
storm on the Aegaean sea, prensus in 
Aegaeo, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 2: also in freq. 
form, préhenso (prenso0): ¥. GRASP. 

4. rapio, pui, ptum, 3 (to t. hur- 
riedly): to t. a firebrand from the 
altars, r. torrem ab aris, Ov. M. 12, 271. 
Fig.: tot. camps and towns at the first 
onset, castra urbesque primo impetu r., 
Liv. 6, 23 (a very strong expr.): tot. the 
opportunity, Tr. occasionem, Juv. 15, 39: 
Vv. SEIZE, SNATCH. 5, capesso, ivi 
(rarely ii), itum, 3 (to lay hold of with 
eagerness and zeal: stronger than ca- 
pio): to.t. food with the teeth, cibum 
dentibus c., Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122: to ft. 
arms, c. arma, Virg. Aen. 3, 234. Fig.: 
to t. to flight, c. fugam, Liv. 1, 25, ad 
med.: to t. part in the war, c. partem 
belli, id. 31, 28: to t. the supreme com- 
mand, c. imperium, Tac. Ann. 14, 26. 

6. occiipo, 1 (to t. possession of): 


as 


TAKE 








to t. the supreme power, o. imperium, 
Cic. Am. 12, 41: cities easy to be t.n, op- 
portunae ad occupaudum urbes, Liv. 33, 
ar. Fig.: “plague t. the hindmost,” 
eccupet extremum scabies, Hor. A. P. 
417: he more justly t.s the name of 
happy, rectius occupat nomen beati, id. 
Od. 4, 9, 46: so great superstition took 
hold of 


odii locum risus occupet, id. Or. 26, 88. 
7. compréhendo (comprendo), di, 
sum, 3 (to lay hold of, grasp): the for- 
ceps t.s hold of the tooth, forceps deutem 
comprehendit, Cels. 7, 12, 1: what ts 
the use of hands, if nothing is to be tn 
hold of ? quid opus est manibus, si ni- 
hil est compreheundendum ? Cic. N. D. 1, 
33, 92: he took the man and delivered 
him into safe custody, is hominem com- 
endit, et in custodiam tradidit, id. 

Fr. I, 2, 4, 14: hired vehicles being 
tm for conveyance, comprehensis ad de- 
portandum meritoriis, Suet. Cal. 39: the 
cottages took fire, casae ignem compre- 
henderunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: to t. some 
one from the crowd of elders, ex senior- 
um turba c. aliquem, Sen. Brev. Vit. 3: 
to t. thieves, c. fures, Catul. 62, 35. 8. 
accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (to ¢. to oneself, 
esp. what is offered): what he gives we 
t., quod dat accipimus, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2: 
the stomach t.s food, stomachus accipit 
cibos, Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 6: to t. to one’s 
bosom, a. gremio, Virg. Aen. 1, 685: to 
t. money, a. pecuniam, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82: 
to t.a@ name, a. nomen, Plin. Ep. 5, 21, 
cxtr.: to t. another colour, colorem ali- 
enum 4., Plin. 11, 38, 91. Fig.: to t. 
an excuse, a. excusationem, Cic. Fam. 2, 
14: to t.as an omen, a. omen (with acc.), 
id. Div. 1, 46, 103: It. you at your word, 
accipio, Hor. Sat. 1, 5, 58: V. RECEIVE. 
9, assumo, mpsi, mptum, 3 (fo ¢. in 
addition, adopt): to t. meat, apples, car- 
nem, poma a., Cels. 1, 3, ad jin.: he t.s 
to himself what he has t.n from another, 
id quod alteri detraxerit, sibi assumit, 
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 23: to ¢. into one’s counsels, 
a. in consilium, Plin. Kp. 3,19: the rites 
of Ceres had been t.n from Greece, sacra 
Cereris essent assumpta de Graecia, Cic. 
Balb. 24, 55: I even t. in addition some 
part of the night, aliquantum jam etiam 
noctis assumo, id. Fam. 7, 25, eztr. 
10. arripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (¢o ¢. 

to oneself with eagerness or haste): hav- 
ing tm my hand, arrepta manu, Hor. 
Sat. 1, 9, 4: to t. one’s hat, a. pileum, 
Suet. Ner. 26: to t. round the waist, 
medium a., Liv. 1, 48. Fig.: to t.an 
opportunity of injuring, a. tacultatem 
laedendi, Cic. Fiac. 8,18: to t. advantage 
of an obstacle, impedimentum pro oc- 
casione a., Liv. 3, 35: voice and gesture 
cannot be suddenly adopted and t.n from 
some other quarter, vox et gestus subito 
sumi, et aliunde arripi non potest, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 59, 252: whatever head of a 
family you might have t.n, he would 
have given the same unswer, quemcun- 
que patremfamilias arripuissetis, eadem 
respondisset, id. 1, 34, 159. 11. ap- 
prehendo (poet. apprendo), di, sum, 3 
(to seize): to t. hold of by the cloak, a. 
pallio, Ter. Ph. 5,6, 23: vines t. hold of 
the props with their tendrils, as with 
hands, vites sic claviculis adminicula 
tanquam manibus apprehendunt, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 47,120. Fig.: whatever [had 
tn hold of the accuser immediately 
wrested out of my hands, quidquid ap- 
rehenderam statim accusator exturque- 

t e manibus, id. Clu. 19, §2: v. SEIZE. 
12, dépréhendo (déprendo), di, sum, 

3 (to catch, overtake, detect): to be t.n in 
adultery, in adulterio deprehendi, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 68, 275: to t. a quantity of 
shields and swords, scutorum, gladiorum 
nultitudinem d., Cic. Mil. 24, 64: those 
who are t.n unawares exhibit their bash- 
fulness by some absurd remark, depre- 
hensi pudorem suum ridiculo aliquo ex- 
licant, Quint. 6, 3, 100: the south wind 
4 the vessel on the sea, auster deprendit 
in aequore nayim, Ov. M. 11, 663: v. 
CATCH. 18. excipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 


their minds, tanta superstitio | 
mentes occupavit, Cic. Verr. 4, 51, 113° | 
lest laughter t. the place of hatred, ne 


TAKE 


(to capture, receive): to t. anything in 
wine, aliquid vino e.,, Cels. 5, 25, 5 (med. 
t. t.): the attendants t. him in their 
hands, ministri manu (eum) excipiunt, 


caprum insidiis, Virg. E. 3,18: they ¢. 
dispersos excipiunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 35: 
Vv. CAPTIVE, 
tum, 3 (to t. to oneself): the earth t.s 


cepit lacrimas, Ov. M. 6, 397: to t. the 
medicine into one’s veins, medicament- 
um venis c., Curt. 3,6, 11: to t. fire, c. 
flammam, Caes. B. C. 2, 14 ignem, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 45, 190. 


took the bridle, equus frenum recepit, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 10,36. Phr.: tot. theatron 
a sunny terrace, aggere in aprico spatiari, 
id. Sat. 1, 8, 15: cf. Sen. Trang. 17, 3: 
to t. breath, colligere spiritum, Quint. 
II, 3, 53: to t. poison intended for an- 
other, venenum intercipere, Cic. Clu. 60, 
166; to t. (=drink) @ cup, tangere 
calicem, PL. Mil. 3, 2, to: to t. food with 
the fingers, carpere cibum digitis, Ov. 
A. A. 3,155: to t. cold, frigus colligere, 
Hor. Ep. 1, t1, 13: to be tn with Sever, 
febre corripi, Plin. 7, 51, 52: to t. a 
colour (in dyeing), colorem bibere, id. 8, 
8, 73, ad fin.: to t. leave, jubere valere, 
fic. Att. 5, 2, ad med.: to t. an oath, 
sacramentum dicere, Caes. B. C. 1, 23, 
ad fin.: to t. pains, operam et laborem 
consumere (in aliqua re), Cic. de Or. 1, 
55, 234: to t. moveable tovers to pieces, 
turres ambulatorias dissolvere, Vitr. Lo, 
13, 3: to t. a proposition to pieces, rem 
quasi in membra discerpere, Cic. Top. 5, 
28: to t. place, v. HAPPEN: to t. rest, 
sleep, carpere quietem, soporem, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 4143 4, 522: to t. root, radices 
agere, Ov. R. Am. 106: to t. a fort by 
storm, castellum expugnare, Caes. B. G. 
| 2. 9: to t. a snack, gustare, Cic. Mur. 
| 35,74: tot. @ taste, tangere saporem, 
Ov. F. 3, 745: to t. a view over the 
sea, prospectum pelago (dat.) petere, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 121: to t. one's way, car- 
pere viam, id. Aen. 6, 629: to t. one’s 
last journey, carpere supremum iter, 
Hor. Od. 2, 17, 12. [N.B.—It may often 
be translated by the verb nearest in sense 
to the acc. that follows it: as, to ¢. cure, 
curare. to ¢. refuge, refugere: to t. o/- 
Fence, offendi, etc. } ||. To fetch, con- 
duct: diico, xi, ctnum, 3: to t. the rest 
with him as hostages, reliquos obsidum 
loco secum d., Caes. B.G.5,5: you could 
have tm me to your home, in vestras 
potuisti ducere sedes, Catul. 64, 160° 
will ask him about t.ing water through 
his estate, de aqua per fundum ejus du- 
cenda rogabo, Cic. \. Fr. 3, 1, 2, 4. 
The foll. phr. should be noted: ¢o ¢. 
in marriage, d., (said of the man), v. 
MARRY: to t.a name, d. nomen, id. Acad. 
I, 11, 41: to t. a beginning from, a. 
principium, exordium (ab aliquo), id. 
N. D. 2, 21, 51: to t. breath (=Live), 
d. spiritum, id. Fam. to, 1, 1: fo t. 

= drink) cups of wine, d. pocula, Hor. 

d. 1,17, 22: to t. a form, d. formam, 
Ov. M. 1, 492: V. LEAD, conpUCT: he 
t.s no account of his own profit in any 
way, non ullius rationem sui commodi 
ducit, Cic. Rose. Am. 44, 128. Il]. Zo 
regard, consider : 1, accipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3 (with ad or in with acc. : also 
with an adv, or an abl.): te t.in good 
part, in bonam partem a., Cic. Att. 11, 
7, ad fin.: to t. otherwise than ts in- 
tended, in aliam partem ac dictum sit a., 
Auct. Her, 2, 26, 40: to t. a kindness as 
an insult, a. beneficium in contumeliam, 
Cic. Att. 15, 11, ad init.: these things 
must be tnin afriendly spirit when they 
are done with a kind intention, haec 
accipienda amice cum benevole fiunt, id. 
Am. 24, 88: to t. a thing as a joke, per 
jocum a., id. Fam. 4, 4, 1: so that Icare 
less how you t. it, ut quam in partem 
accipias minus laborem, id. Fam, 3, 7, 
6: I am trying how you will t. tt, 
tento te quo animo accipias, id. Fam. 15, 
16, 3: the word “ adversus,” is some- 
times t.n indifferently, adversus inter- 








14, concipio, cépi, cep- | 


their falling tears, terra caducas Ccon- | 


15, récipio, cépi, | 
ceptum, 3 (prop. to t. back): the horse | 


| 
} 


many scattered fugitives, multos ex fuga | 








TAKE AWAY 





dum promiscue accipitur, Claris. p. 207 
(gram. ¢. ¢.) : v. CONSIDER, VIEW. 3. 
interprétor, 1 (to put a construction up- 
on): to t. in a bad sense what was said 


Curt. 3, 5,4: to t.a buck in a snare, e. | in a good one, bene dicta male i., Cic. 


N. D. 3, 31,7: to t. in a milder point 
of view, inmitiorem partem L, id. Mur. 
31,64: consider whether I t. this opinion 
in the right light, animadverte rectene 
hanc sententiam interpreter, id. Fin. 2, 
7, 20. Phr.. to t. as a certainty, pro 
certo ponere, Liv. 10, 9, ad jfin.: to t. as 
right and fair, aequi boni tacere, Cic. 
Att. 7,7: tot. in earnest what was said 
in joke, quod dictum est per jocum id 
serio praevertere, PL Am. 3, 2, 39 
(R. and A.). IV. To put up with: 

1, accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: to t. an 
insult, a. contumeliam, Caes. B. G. 7, to: 
contumeliam in se a., Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1. 

2. expr. by féro, tiili, latum, 3, with 
adv.: to t. easily, leviter £, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 
9, 1: to ¢. ill, moleste f., id. Am. 24, 
go: to t. misfortunes to heart, casus 
graviter f., id. Fam. 5, 16, 2: to ¢. with 
equanimity, aequo animo f., id. de Or. 
2, 33, 144: V. PUT UP WITH, ENDURE, 

V., postiilo, 1: Vv. REQUIRE. Vi. 
condiico, xi, ctum, 3: V. HIRE i}. 
Intrans.: |, To move in any direc- 
tion: expr. by conferre se: v. BETAKE 
ONESELF TO: or, simply, ToGo. Phr.: 
to t. to some quiet pursuit, in studium 
aliquod quietum se tradere, Cic. Inv. 1, 
3, 4: to t. wholly to pleasure, voluptsti 
se totum tradere, id. Am. 23, 86: (to ¢. 
to public life, ad rempublicam se con- 
ferre, id. ib.): to t. to the ships, naves 
petere, Nep. Milt. 5, 5: @ misfortune 
has made you t. to your bed, casus lecto 
te affixit, Hor. Sat. 1, 1, 81. Il. Zo 
produce a result: expr. by the con- 
text, or by a phr.: @ remedy that ts 
well, praesens auxilium, Virg. G. 2, 127: 
Plin.: to try on a slave whether the 
poison would t., vim veneni in servo ex- 
periri, Cic. Coel. 24, 58: Vv. OPERATE, 
WORK. Ill. To be successful: v. euc- 
CEED, ATTRACT: of plays and actors, 
stare: when a new play took, cum stetit 
nova (fabula), Ter. Ph. prol. g: of an 
actor or writer, id. Hec. prol. 2, 7: Hor, 
S. I, 10, 17. 

take across: transdiico, xi, ctum, 3: 
LEAD ACROSS. 

— after: 
SEMBLE. 2 

—— again, up again, or back: 

1, récipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (to gee 
back, recover): I should never have tm 
Tarentum again, unless you had lost tt, 
nunquam Tarentum recepissem, nisi tu 
perdidisses, Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273: tot, 
the standards again, r. signa, Suet. 
Tid. g: Vv. RECOVER, 2. résiimo, 
mpsi, mptum, 3 (to t. up again): she ts 
up again the tablets she had laid down, 
positas resumit tabellas, Ov. M. 9, 525: 
to t. up again quickly the staff he had 
let fall, elapsum baculum cite r., Suet. 
Ner. 24: to t. again the family name, 
nomen gentile r., id. ib. 41: to t. an oath 
again, r. sacramentum, Tac. H. 4, 37. 

8, rédhibeo, no perf., 1tum, 2 (mer- 
cantile t. t. of a seller, to t. back goods 
sold): he said that he would t. her back, 
dixit se redhibere (sc. ancillam), PL 
Merc. 2, 3, 83. the noun is redhibitio, 
ef. Gell. 4, 2. 4, rétracto, 1 (to t.hold 
of again): to t. up the sword again, 
ferrum r., Virg. Aen. 7, 694: to t. up 
again the dirge-like strains of Simon- 
ides, Ceae r. munera naeniae, Hor. Od. 2, 
1, 38. Phr.: to t. a wife again, ux- 
orem rursus assumere, Tac. A. 12, 2: fo 
t. back those expressions, retexere illa 
dicta, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84. 

— away, take from: : 
idimo, émi, emptum, 3 (fo t away 
wholly: usu. of good things: poet. also 
of persons removed by : constr, 
with acc., or acc. and dat.): to t. away 
arms from the soldiers, arma militibus 
a., Liv. 22, 44: tf fortune has tn away 
wealth from any man, or if the wrong 
dealing of some one has robbed him of 
it, pecuniam si cuipiam fortuna ademit, 
ant si alicujus eripuit injuria, Cic. Quint, 

835 


similem esse: V, BR- 


TAKE AWAY 


TAKE DOWN 


TAKE IN, INTO 





15, 49: to t. away hope, spem a., id. 
Manil. 12, 35: to t. away freedom, a. 
libertatem, id. Caecin. 34, 99: to t. away 
sleep, somnum a., id. Att. 2, 16, ad init. : 
to t. away life, a, vitam, id. Plane. 42, 
tol: to t. away the firmest bulwark 
From the state, a. firmissimum praesidium 
reipublicae, id. Phil. 10, 4, 9: alas, 
brother ! t.n away from me (by deati), 
heu frater adempte mihi, Catul. Tor, 6; 
Hor. Od. 2, 4, Io. 2. demo, mpsi, 
mptum, 3 (to ¢. down: esp. to t. away a 
part): to t. away the golden beard (of 
an image), auream barbam d., Cic. N. D. 
3, 34, 83: grease t.n from a fleece, dempt- 
us a vellere sucus, Ov. A. A. 3, 214: to 
t. away a part from the entire day, par- 
tem solido d. de die, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 20: 
to t. away anziety, d. sollicitudinem, 
Cic. Att. 11, 15, ad fin.; Virg. Aen. 8, 
35: to. t. away all fear, d.omnem me- 
tum, Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 18. 8, auféro, 
abstuli, ablatum, 3 (to carry away: esp. 
freq. of violent acts): to t. away money, 
nummos a., Cic. Inv, 2, 4,14: to t. away 
the dung from the door, stercus ab janna 
a., Pl. As. 2,4,18: tot. away the statues 
from the chapel, signa de sacrario a., 


Cic. Verr. 4, 3,7: ye have t.n away from | 


me so pretty a sparrow, tam bellum mi- 
hi passerem abstulistis, Catul. 3, 15: to 
t. away the command, a. imperium, Liv. 
3, 67: t. yourself away home, aufer te 
domum, Pl. As. 2, 4, 63: to t. away sleep, 
somnos a., Hor. Od. 2, 16, 16: to t. away 
hope, spem a., Cic. Off. 3, 2,10. Join: 
auferre et abducere, Auct. in Cic. Quint. 
27, 84: it robs the action of its painful- 
ness, t.s away the human feelings of the 
actor, and utterly does away with truth 
and fidelity, detrahit actionis dolorem, 
aufert humanum sensum actoris, tollit 
funditus veritatem et fidem, Cic. Or. 62, 
209. 4. tollo, sustiJi, sublatum, 3 
(to t. up): t. away these cobwebs, tolle 
haec aranea, Phaedr. 2, 8, 23: to t. away 
corn from the threshing-floor,frumentum 


de area t., Cic. Verr. 3, 14, 37: tot. away | 


the steps of the temple, gradus templi t., 





id. Sest. 15, 34: ¢. me away, tollite me, | 


Virg. Aen. 3, 601: they seem to t. away 
the sun from the universe who t. friend- 
ship away from life, soilem e mundo t. 
videntur qui amicitiam e vita tollunt, 


Cic. Am. 13, 47: to t. away fear, t. me- | 
tum, id. Rose. Am. 2, 6 Gvined to de- 


lere suspicionem) : to t. away hesitation, 
t. dubitationem, id. Att. 12, 6, ad fin. 

5, détraho, xi, ctum, 3 (to draw or 
strip off): he took away from him a 


nec eripi nec surripi potest, id. Par. 6, ad 
Jjin.: V. SNATCH AWAY, FILCH. &8, sub- 
dico, xi, ctum, 3 (¢o t. from under : esp. 
to t. away stealthily): to t. away stones 
Srom the tower, lapides ex turri s., Caes. 
B.C. 2, 11: #. avay food for a single 
day from an athlete, subduc cibum un- 
um diem athletae, Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40: 
he laments for his travelling money 
which has been t.n away from him, sub- 
ducta viatica plorat, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 54: 
tot. Turnus away Jrom the battle, pug- 
nae s. Turnum, Virg. Aen. 10, 615: he 
t.s himself off secretly, clam se subducit, 
Auct. B. Afr. 93: v. WITHDRAW. 9. 
abdiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to lead or convey 
away): to t. away the key, clavem a., 
Pl. Cas. 5, 2, 8: he used to order them to 
be t.n away to the quarvies, in lautumias 
abduci imperabat, Cic. Verr. 5, 56, 146: 
to t. away to dinner, ad caenam a., Ter. 
Heaut. 1, 2,9: the vision as it fled took 
away sleep with it, secum fugiens som- 
nos abduxit imago, Ov. Fast. 5, 477: v. 
LEAD AWAY. 10. ambveo, dvi, 6tum, 
2 (to remove): to t. away the statues 
Jrom the libraries, imagines e biblio- 
thecis a., Suet. Cal. 34: cows tm away 
by stealth, boves per dolum amotae, Hor. 
Od. 1, Io, 10: v. REMOVE. Phr.: vo t. 
away old rubbish, rudera purgare, Suet. 
Vesp. 8, ad jin.: to t. away the body 
of Augustus to Rome, corpus Augusti 
Romam deportare, id. Claud. 6: to ¢. 
away his own life, vitam sibi manu ex- 
haurire, Cic. Sest. 21, 48: fear took 
away his voice, consumpsit vocem me- 
tus, Tac. H. 1, 42: to t. away by force 
the right of voting, suffragium extor- 
quere, Liv. 25, 4: to t. away the com- 
mand, imperium abrogare, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 
3, 1: to t. away grief, dolorem exhau- 
rire, id. Fam. §5, 16. 4: to t. away un- 
easiness from the mind, scrupulum ex 
animo evellere, id. Rose. Am. 2, 6: to 
t. away all doubt, expellere omnem du- 
bitationem, Caes. B. G. 5, 48: tot. away 
all ground of dispute, controversias 
minuere, id. B. G. 5, 26. 

take beforehand : 1, praesu- 
mo, mpsi and msi, mptum and mtum, 3 
(to t. one thing before another): to t. 
coll water before eating, p. cibis frigi- 
dum, Plin. 28, 4,14: to t. a meal at home 
beforehand, domi p. dapes, Ov, A. A. 3, 
757: to t. antidotes beforehand, p. re- 
media, Tac. Ann. 14, 3. Fig.: the 


' judges hear with impatience one who t.s 


small garment of gold, aureum ei de- | 
traxit amiculum, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: ¢o | 


t. away the covering from the mules, d. | 


stramenta de mulis, Caes. B. G. 7, 45: | 


to t. away anything from another, 
a. aliquid alteri, Cic. Off. 3, 5,21: to ¢. 


away from one’s capital, d. de vivo, id. | 
Flac. 37, 91: to t. away an honour due | 


to one’s rani, honorem debitum ordini 
d., id. Verr. 4, 11, 25. 6, eximo, émi, 
emptum, 3 (prop. to ¢. owt: freq. used of 


that which is troublesome): after that | 
hunger was t.n away by the meal, post- | 


quam exempta fames epulis, Virg. Aen. 
1, 216: they t. away some one day from 
the month, eximunt unum aliquem diem 
ex mense, Cic. Verr. 2, 52, 129: you do 
not t. away what was torturing me, illud 
quod me angebat non eximis, id. Tusc. 
2, 12, 29: to t. away cares, e. curas, Hor. 
Od. 3, 14, 14: to t. away the burden 
From anxious minds, sollicitis animis 
onus e., id. Ep. 1, 5, 18: to ¢. away re- 
ligious scruples, e. religionem, Liv. 4, 31: 
to t. away hesitation, e. dubitationem, 
Quint. 1, 10, 28. 7. €ripio, ripui, rep- 
tum, 3 (fo t. out or away in haste or with 
violence : constr. with ex, ab, de, or abl. : 
pers. usu. in dat.): ting away all the 
view from his eyes, prospectum eripiens 
oculis, Virg. Aen. 8, 254: to t. away the 
tetrarchy, tetrarchiam e., Cic. Div. 2, 37, 
19: t.away this plague from me, eripite 
hanc pestem mihi, Catul. 76, 20: to t. 
away all hope, e. spem omnem, Ter. 
Heaut. 4, 3, 35: to t. away fear, e. me- 
tum, Cic. Cat. 1, 7,18: virtue can neither 
be tn away by force nor fravd, virtus 
832 





their functions on himself beforehand, 
inviti judices audiunt praesumentem 
partes suas, Quint. 11, 1, 27. 2. prae- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (to t. in advance) : 
unless we have tm water beforehand, 
nisi aquam praecepimus, Lucr. 6, 803 : 
to t. possession of the shores beforehand, 
litora p., Virg. Aen. 10, 277: ef. Liv. 32, 
16. 3. praeocciipo, 1 (to seize before- 
hand): to t. possession of the pass be- 
Jorehand, saltum p., Nep. Dat. 7,2: to 
t. the advantageous positions beforehand, 
loca opportuna p., Liv. 44, 3, ad init. 
Fig.: jear had t.n possession of their 
minds beforehand, timor praeoccupave- 
rat mentes, Caes. B.G.6,41. 4, prae- 
ripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (¢o snatch first): 
it t.s food before the other young birds, 
praeripit cibos reliquis pullis, Plin. 10, 


o) bite demo; 
dempsi, demptum, 3: the dart being 
tn down ts carried to Cicero, tragula 
dempta ad Ciceronem defertur, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 48: to t. down the tackling, ar- 
mamenta d., Liv. 21, 49: to t. down the 
shields from the columns, clipea de col- 
umnis d., id. 40, 51. 9, détraho, xi, 
ctum, 3 (to drag down): she did not 
suffer her father to be t.n down from his 
chartot, patrem de curru detrahi passa 
non est, Cic. Cael. 14, 34: to t. down 
Jrom the cross, d. ex cruce, id. Q. Fr. 1, 
2, 2, § 6. 3. réfigo, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
unfasten): to t. down the tablets of laws, 
r, aera, tabellas, Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 12: id. 
Fam. 12, 1, ad jin.: a shield t.n down 
from the door-post, clipeum de poste re- 
fixum, Virg. Aen. 5, 360. 4. déripio, 
Tipui, reptum, 3 (to tf. down in haste): | 








tot. down the wine-jar from the 
amphoram horreo d., Hor. Od. 3, 28, 7- 
to t. down the wine-strainers from the 
roof, d. cola tectis, Virg. G. 2, 242. 

||. Fig.: minuo, ui, itum, 3: v. 
LESSEN. 

take for: expr. by habeo, 2: v. E> 
GARD, CONSIDER, VIEW. 
from: v. TAKE AWAY. To t. 
Jrom one to give to another, transféro, 
tiili, latum, 3: to t. from the right hana 
and put in the left, in dexteram manum 
de sinistra transferre, Sen. Ben. 5, 8, 1: 
I have t.n that passage from Dicaear- 
chus, istum locum a Dicaearcho trans- 
tuli, Cic. Att. 6,2: Vv. ADOPT. 

— in, into: |. To receive, en 
tertain, admit : 1, récipio, cépi, cep 
tum, 3: they took him into their owr 
house, eum domum suam receperunt 
Cic. Arch. 3, 5: so, tecto r., Pl. Rud. rt. 
5,19: tot. any one into one’s territories, 
r. finibus suis, Caes. B. G. 6, 6: the 
Peneus receives the river, but does not t. 
it in (i.e. mingle with it), Peneus ace 
cipit amnem, nec recipit, Plin. 4, 8, 15, 
ad fin. 2. accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: 
tot. in very great personages (as guests), 
summos viros a., Pl. Ps. 1, 2, 35: Cie: 
so also excipére, Hor. S, 1. 5, 1 (sald 
of a town, where some read accepit): 
V. RECEIVE, ENTERTAIN, |], Jo con- 
tain, hold, understand: 1, capio, 
cépi, captum, 3: they are so numerous 
that the prison cannot t. them in, 
sunt ita multi ut eos c. carcer non 
possit, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 22: your stomack 
will not t. more than mine, non tuus 
capiet venter plus quam meus, Hor. 
8.1, 1, 46. Fig.: your narrow souk 
does not t. in so great a personage, 
non capiunt angustiae pectoris tuae tan- 
tam personam, Cic. Pis. 11, 24: a dream 
too joyful for their minds to t. in, som- 
nium laetius quam quod mentes eorum 
capere possunt, Liv. 9, 9, ad fin.: Ue 
rewards which that age cant. in, praemia 
quae capit illa aetas, Quint. 1, 1, 20. 

2, compréhendo (comprendo), di, 
sum, 3 (to t. in as a whole, mostly fig.) 
all those very things are tm in by tle 
senses, eadem ommia sensibus compre- 
henduntur, Cic. Leg. 1, 10, 30: to ¢. in 
all things quickly in the mind, omnia 
celeriter animo c., id. de Or. 2, 31, 136: 
I cannot t. in what you mean, id quod 
tu vis non possum mente c., id. N. D. 3, 
8, 21: Vv. COMPREHEND, INCLUDE. 3. 
percipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (to t. in en- 
tirely): smaller children more readily 
t. in smaller things, minora facilius mi- 
nores percipiunt, Quint. 1, 1, 22: to t. in 
with the mind, p. animo, Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 
127. Join: cognoscere et p., id. Fin. 
I, 19,64; p.ac comprehendere, id. Acad. 
2, 11, 34. 4, concipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 
(mostly with animo, mente): to t. in 
the principles of all things in the mind 
and soul, principia rerum omnium 
animo ac mente c., Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59: 
weak minds t. in those superstitious 
ideas, imbecilli animi superstitiosa iste 
concipiunt, id. Div. 2, 39, 81. 5, ar- 
ripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (¢o ¢. in quickly) : 
boys quickly t. in innumerable facts, 
pueri celeriter res innumerabiles arri- 
piunt, Cic. Sen. 21, 78: a natural kind. 
of divination which the mind might t, 
in, or receive from without, naturale 
genus divinandi quod animus arriperet, 
aut exciperet extrinsecus, id, Div. 2, 11, 
26. §, accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (esp. 
of what is taught): so that he quickly 
took in what was taught him, ut celeriter 
acciperet quae tradebantur, Nep. Att. 1, 
3: tot. in things for the first time, res 
primum a., Cic. Sen. 21, 78: v. CoM- 
PREHEND, UNDERSTAND, [N.B.—Appré- 
hendo in this sense occurs only in late 
authors : depréhendo rather denotes ob- 
servation and discernment.] i]. To 
deceive : 1. décipio, cépi, ceptum, 3. 
we are t.n in by the semblance of what is 
right, decipimur specie recti, Hor. A. P. 
25: it is a wretched thing to be t.n in, 
miserum est decipi, Plin. Ep. 6, 22, ext». > 
V. CHEAT, DECEIVE. 2, tango, tétigi, 
tactum, 3 (in the com. poets): Jwikt 


el 


TAKE OFF 





m your 
PLOES. 1,, 1, 118. 
netum, 3 ‘lit. to wipe the nose: a low 
erm): I will t. in the feliow finely to- 
day, emungam hominem probe hodie, 
Pl. Bacch. 4, 3, 65: Hor. A. P 235. 
Phr.: to t. in sdil, vela subducere, 
Auct. B, Alex. 45. 

take off: |, démo, dempsi, demp- 
tum, 3: Vv. TAKE AWAY. (|. To re- 
move by cutting : ampitare, praecidére : 
V.CUT OFF. ||, Zo reduce one’s price: 


minuo, ui, itum, 3: Vv. ABATE. lV. 
To portray: adumbro, 1; Vv. SKETCH. 
V. Yo mimic: imitor, 1: v. IMI- 


Tate. Phr.. to t. off one’s beard, 
barbam tondere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58: 
to t. off a garment, vestem deponere, 
Curt. 3, 5, 2. to t. the burdens off the 
beasts, jumentis onera deponere, Caes. 
B.C. 1, 80: they never took their eyes 
off him, oculos de isto nunquam deje- 
cere, Cic. Verr. 4, 15, 33: “to t. off the 
hat” (as a mark of respect), caput 
aperire, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77. 

— on: lamentor, I: V. LAMENT. 
Phr. we ought to shed tears, but not to 


t. on, lacrimandum est, non plorandum, | 


Sen. Ep. 63, 1 - let us not t. on too much, 
penamus nimios gemitus, Juv. 13, 11. 

— out: 1, eximo, émi, emp- 
tum, 3: to t. out a tooth, dentem e., 
Cels. 7, 12, 1; the dart cannot be tn 
out because it is not visible, telum 
quod non apparet, eximi non potest, 
Quint. 9, 2, 75: small stones t.n out of 
the stomach, ventre exempti lapilli. Plin. 
28, 8, 28, ad init.: tot. out of the num- 
ber of the proscribed, de proscriptorum 
numero e., Nep. Att. 10, 4. Fig.: to 
t. out a stain, e. labem, Virg. Aen. 6, 
746: to t. him out of the shackles of 
rhythm, e vinculis numerorum e., Cic. 
Or. 23, 77. 9. extrabo, xi, ctum, 3 
(to draw out): to t. the sword from the 
wound, gladinm e vulnere e., Quint. 4, 2, 
13: a weapon t.n out of the body, telum 
e corpore extractum, Cic. Rosc. Am. 7, 
19: thorns are tm out of the body, 
spinae corpori extrahuntur, Plin. 22, 18, 
76. 3. excipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: the 
tooth must be tn out with a forceps, 
dens forcipe excipiendus est, Cels. 7, 
12,1: theyhad left those unburied wnom 
they could not t. out of the sea, insepultos 
reliquissent quos e mari e. non potuissent, 
Oic. Rep. 4,8. 4, promo, mpsi or msi, 
mptum or mtum, 3 (to t. forth): to t. 
money out of the public treasury, ex 
aerario pecuniam p., Cic. Verr. 3, 84, 
195° t.ing out wine from the cask, vina 
promens dolio, Hor. Epod. 2,47. Fig.: 
to t. as it were medicines out of the medi- 
cine chest, medicamenta tanquam de 
narthecio p., Cic. Fin. 2, 7. 22. 5, deé- 
promo, mpsi, mptum, 3 (prop. to t. down 
out of ): to t. aown Caecubun wine out 
of the store rooms, Caecubum cellis d., 

or. Od. 1, 39, 5: tot. shafts out of the 
quivers, d. tela pharetris, Virg. Aen. 5, 
S01: tot. money out of the chest, d. pe- 
cuniam ex arca, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 52. Fig.: 
for your school has not even suspected 
from what places, as it were from trea- 
sure-houses, arguments might be tn, 
nam e quibus locis quasi thesauris ar- 
gumenta depromerentur vestri ne suspi- 
cati quidem sunt, id. Fin. 4,4,10. Phr.: 
to t. out teeth, dentes refigere, Cels. 6, 15, 
ad fin.: tot. out a shoot (from a lion’s 
foot), stirpem revellere, Gell. 5, 14, ad 
fin.: to t. the sword out of its sheath, 
gladium e vagina educere, Cic. Inv 2, 4, 
14: tot. out oxen (from the cart), dis- 
poe boves, Juv. 5, 119; abjungere, 

irg. G. 3, 518: I took him out of the 
midst of the enemy, medio ex hoste re- 
cepi, id. Aen. 6, 111. Fig.: to t. out 
a stain, abolere labem, Tac. H. 3, 24: 
to t. out the sting of your severity, 
aculeum severitatis vestrae evellere, Cic. 
Clu. 55, 152. 

—— round: circumdiico, xi, ctum, 
3. t. that man round this house and 
apartments, circumduce (old form for 
circumduc) hasce aedes et conclavia, Pl. 
Most. 3, 2, 159: the cohorts being tn 
round by a longer route, cohortibus lon- 


Sather, tuum tangam patrem, © 
3. émungo, nxi, | 


TAKE UPON 


giore itinere circumductis, Caes. B. G. 3, 
26: Vv. LEAD ROUND, Phr.; to t. round 
the waist, medium arripere, Liv. 1, 48: 
those who are accustomed to t. strangers 
round to see the sights, bi, qui hospites 
ad ea quae visenda sunt, ducere svlent, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 59, 132 (R. and A.). 
take to; conferre se: v. BETAKE 
ONESELF TO, LIKE. 
| —— to oneself: suscipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3: v. ASSUME. Phr,: t. to 
_ yourselves minds worthy of your under- 
| taking, dignos insumite mentes coep- 
| tibus, Stat. Th. 12, 643. — 
) =e |. To lift up: = 1, 
/stiimo, mpsi, mptum, 3; J ¢. up your 
letters again and again into my hands, 
epistolas identidem in manus sumo, 
Plin. Ep. 6, 7: to t. up the pruning-hook, 
s. falcem (opp. to ponere), Juv. 13, 39: 
tot. up arms, s. arma, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 
86. Fig.: every war is easy to t. up, 
omne bellum facile sumi, Sall. Jug. 83 
(opp. to deponere): v. UNDERTAKE, COM- 
MENCE, 2. suscipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: 
her maidens t. her up, suscipiunt famulae, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 391: tot. up a child (i. e. 
to adopt hum at his birth), s. puerum, 
Ter. Andr. 2, 3, 27. Fig.: tot. up the 
cause of the senate, s. causam senatus, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 513; tot. up the burden 
of duty, 8. onus officii, id. Rosc. Am. 38, 
112: V. TAKE UPON ONESELF. 3, tollo, 
sustili, sublatum, 3: to t. up a man 
who is lying, jacentem t., Pl. Ps. 5, 1, 2: 
| he wished to be t.n up into the chariot of 
| his father, optavit ut in currum patris 
| tolleretur, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94: V. LIFT UP. 
j 4. corripio, ripai, reptum, 3 (to 
| snatch up: mostly poet.): to t. up a 
bow, arcum manu c., Virg. Aen. 1, 188. 
Phr.: to be t.n up to heaven, sublimem 
abire, Liv. 1, 16: to t. up on ones 
shoulders, sublevare humeris, Plin. 11, 
17,17. ||, To continue : suscipio, cépi, 
ceptum, 3: Anchises t.s up the tale, sus- 
| cipit Anchises, Virg. Aen. 6, 723: Vv. CON- 
| TINUE. Il. To reply sharply: 1. 
| corripio, ripui, reptum, 3. not to t. up 
| but to admonish, non c. sed monere, 
| Quint. 11, 1, 68: Caes. B. C. 1, 2. 24 
objurgo, 1: he took him up as a parent 
would t, no one up, objurgavit, sicut 
neminem parens, Cic. Coel. 11, 25: now 





tere, id Att. 4, 16, ad fin.: v. TO CHIDE. 
IV. To occupy, fill: occipo, 1: as 
much space as a line-of-batile would t. 
up, quantum loci acies instructa 0. po- 
terat, Caes. B. G. 2, 8: t.n up with their 
own affairs, in re sua occupati, Catul. 
15, 8: v. occupy. Phr.: the contem- 
plation of wisdom commonly ts up 
much of my time, mibi multum auferre 
temporis solet contemplatio sapientiae, 
Sen. Ep. 64, 6: to t. up a day, diem con- 
sumere, Juv. I, 4: a journey which used 
tot.up a whole day, via quae solidum 
diem terebat, Stat. Silv. 4, 3, 36. Vv. 
To bind up a vein (med. t.t.): deligo, 1 
the larger veins are io be t.n up, majores 
(venae) deligandae sunt, Cels. 7, 19, ad 
init. Vi. Yo arrest: compréhendo, 
di, sum, 3: v. ARREST. 
upon oneself: 1, susci- 
pio, cépi, ceptum, 3: to t. upon oneself 
many heavy tasics, multos labores mag- 
nosque s., Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 60: you have 
tn upon yourself a heavy burden, sus- 
cepisti onus grave, id. Off. 3, 2,6 TI 
promise that I will t. the duties and 
Functions upon myself, promitto me 
suscepturum officia et partes, id, Fam. 
3, 10, I- V. ASSUME, UNDERTAKE. 9. 
récipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (to guarantee: 
with pron. reflect., after ad or in): I 
promise and t. upon myself, spondeo in 
meque recipio, Cic. Fam. 13, 17, ad fin.: 
It. upon myself to finish the business 
speedily, recipio celeriter me negotium 
confecturum, id. 10, 17, ad intt.: It. uw 
upon myself; he will do it, ad me re- 
cipio; faciet, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 12. 3. 
siimo, mpsi, mptum, 3 (with pron. reflect. 
in dat.): [have t.n upon myself to write 
to you, sumpsi mihi ut ad te scriberem, 
Cie. Fam. 13, 50, init.: to t. upon himself 
the functions of a peeriaes s. sibi 
3 








ONESELF 


let me t. you up, nunc te objurgari pa-, 


TALE 





partes imperatorias, Caes. B. C. 3, §1 
Phr.: J have t.n upon myself a burden 
heavier than I perceive I can bear, plus 
oneris sustuli quam ferre me posse in- 
telligo, Cic. Rose, Am. 4, 10: will you 
have tn upon yourselves the infamy of 
the foulest baseness? vos sempiternas 
foedissimae turpitudinis notas subi- 
eritis? id. Pis. 18,41: not to refuse to t. 
upon oneself the danger of speaking, 
dicendi periculum non recusare, id. Phil 
I, 6, 14. 
| take up with, to: adjungo, nxi, 
ctum, 3 (with pron. reflect.): there was 
no reason for you to t. up with him as a 
companion, quod socium tibi eum velles 
a. nibil erat, Cic. Quint. 3, 12: J t. up 
with their cause, ad eorum causam me 
a., id. Fam. 1, 9, 11. youths t. up with 
some pursuit, adolescentuli animum ad 
| aliquod studium adjungunt, Ter. Andr. 
I, I, 29: V. ADOPT 
taker: Vv. RECEIVER: one who ts or 
captures a city (prop. by storm), expug- 
nator, Cic. Inv. 1 §0, 93. one who ts or 
catches animals, captor, Post. Anth. |at 
2, p. 453, Burm.: one who ts away, 
ablator (bonorum), Aug.: Ademptor 
(vitae), opp. to dator, id. 
taking (adj.): illécebrésus: v. ar- 
TRACTIVE. 
taking (subs.): 1, acceptio (the act 
of receiving) : neither surrendering nor 
giving is intelligible without t., neque 
deditionem neque donationem sine ac- 
ceptione intelligi posse, Cic. Top. 8, 37 
V. RECEIVING. 2. compréhensio (the 
act of grasping): Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 94 
the t. of the guilty, c. sontium, id. Puil 
2,8,18. 3, captiira (applied to hunt- 
ing, etc.): the t. of fish and birds. c. 
piscium et alitum, Plin. 19, 1, 2, ad med 
4. expugnatio (a t. of cities by 
storm): the t. of the city, e. urbis, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 36, ad init. v. CAPTUKE 
5. sumptio (rare): Cat. R. R. 145, 2. 
6, susceptio ; v. UNDERTAKING. 
occupatio: v. seIzuRE. ([N.B.—lIn Gell. 
4, Io, mention is made of a possible form 
capio, as in usucapio~ captio exists, but 
is used by Cic. for deception: Lact. bas 
captio odoris } 
away (subs.): 1, ademptio: 
at. away of citizenship, a. Civitatis, Cic, 
Dom. 30, 78: Tac. 2. détractio . the 
t. away of blood, d. sanguinis, Quint. 2, 
10,6. Fig.: thet. avayof pain, d. do- 
loris, Cic. Off. 3, 33,118. 3. éreptio (a 
forcible t.): a t. away, not a buying, e. 
non emptio, Cic. Verr. 4. 5, 10. 4. 
exemptio (a ¢. out): applied to the re- 
moval of honeycombs (iavorum), Col. g, 
14, 11: Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 34. 5. 
ablatio, Tert.; Vv. REMOVAL, WITH- 
DRAWAL, 
tale: *talcum, Linn.: lapis speca- 
laris, Plin. 36, 22, 45, which others con- 
sider to be selenite. 
tale: |. Anarrative: 1, fabala 
(whether real or fictitious ): a ¢. made 
up and invented, ficta et commentitia f., 
Cic. Off. 3, 9, 39: @ nursery t., f. pne- 
rilis, id. N. D. 1, 13, 343 anilis, Quint. 
1, 8, 19: poetical ts, poeticae f., Liv, 
praef.: ¢.s clumsily invented, fictae in- 
condite f., Cic. Rep. 2, 10: to tell a t., 
f. narrare (de aliquo), Hor. S. 1, 1. 70° 
those t.s are repeated over and over again 
in erery school, decantatae in omnibus 
scholis istae sunt fabulae, Sen. Ep. 24, 6 
apropos of this a t. must be told, hie 
lucus fabulam poscit, id. Ben. 7, 20, 5. 
9. fabella (a short t.: dimin. of 
preced.): a true ¢., vera f, Phaedr, 2, 5, 
6: old wives’ t.s, f. aniles, Hor. S. 2, 6, 
77: a fictitious t, commentitia f., Cic. 
iv. 2, 38, 80: to teli a t., f. referre, 
Tib, 1, 3, 853 narrare, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 
240. 3, narratio (an account, oral or 
written): a short t., n. brevis, Phaedr. 4, 
5,2: to tell ts in common language, n. 
quotidiano sermone explicare, Cic. Or. 
36, 124. 4, narratiuncila (dimin. of 
preced.): ¢.s told by the poets, n. a poetis 
celebratae, Quint. 1,9,6.  §, historia. 
enough of t.s | satis historiarum, PI. Bac. 
1,2, 50: along t. about nothing, maxims 
de nihilo b,, Prop. 2, 1, 16: the telling of 
833 








TALEBEARER 


TALK 








t.s, enarratio historiarum, (Juint. 1, 8, 18 
fit to make a t. of, historia dignum, Cic. 
Att. 2, 8, ad imit.: v story. Phr.: to 
tell a t. about my leanness, de mea macie 
narrare, Cic. Att. 3, 15, ad init.; as they 
tell the €., ut aiunt, Hor. Kp. 1, 7, 49: 
this is the old t., hoc tralatitium est, Cic. 
Fam. 3, 8, 4 idle t.s, inania famae, 
Tac. A. 2,76. |]. A number reckoned . 
nimérus v NUMBER: the t. of the 
ships is complete, naves suum numerum 
habent, Cic. Verr. 5, 51, 133. 

talebearer: 1, sycophanta, m. 
(= cvkopavrns : orig. one who informed 
against those who illegally exported figs 
from Attica): Pl. Poen. 5, 2, 72: Ter. 
Andr. 4, 5, 20. 2. délator (a profes- 
sional informer. esp. under the empire): 
he said he did not listen to t.s, negavit 
se delatoribus aures habere, Suet. Cal. 
15, extr. Tac.: Juv. 3. famigé- 
rator. Pl. Trin. 1, 2,178. 4, gestor: 
BEOPs) 1, 55:14. 5. stsurro (a whis- 
perer: late andrare): Vulg. Prov. xxvi. 
20: Sid.. v. INFORMER. Phr.. fo prac- 
tise the trade of a t., delationes factitare, 
Tac. H. 2, Io. 

— -bearing: délatio (professional 
t.). Tac.: also expr. by siisurrus (4 
whispering) : to cut men’s throats by t., 
jugulos aperire susurro, Juv, 4, 110: 
t., which lies in wait to catch none sooner 
than those who listen to it, nullis magis 
quam audientibus insidiantes susurri, 
Plin. Pan. 62, ad fin. 

talent: |. A weight: tilentum : 
ts of gold and ivory, auri eborisque t., 
Virg. Aen. f1, 333. I]. A sum of 
money: talentum (which never means 
a coin): a thousand t.s, mille t, Hor. Ep. 
I, 6, 34: Cic. I. Natural ability : 

1, ingénium (a word of wide signi- 
fication : parts, endowments : cf. Cic. Fin. 
5, 13, 36): small, ordinary t., parvum, 
mediocre i., Cic. Brut. 67, 2373 de Or. 
2, 29, 119: eminent t., eximium i., id. 
Fam. 6, 5, 3; eminens, Quint. 6, praef., 
§ 1: sparks of t., ingenii igniculi, id. 6, 
praef., § 7: the ¢. of a bird, i. avis, Plin. 
10, 43, 60: ¢. for inwntion, i. ad fin- 
gendum, Cic. Fontei. 14, 30: a fertile 
vein of t., ingenii benigna vena, Hor. 
Od. 2, 18, 9: not devoid of ¢., non 
absurdus ingenio, Tac. H. 3, 62: they 
were not altogether wanting in t., but 





only in oratorical t., iis non omnino i., 
sed oratorium i. defuit, Cic. Brut. 29, 
t10: tf I have any ¢., siquid est in me 
ingenii, id. Arch. init.: not to have very 
great t., maximi i. non esse, id. Brut. 29, 
1to: to have t., ingenio valere, id. de 
Or. 3, 2, 7: to have plenty of ¢., ingenio 
abundare, id. Fam. 4, 8: a man of very 
great t., vir acerrimo i., id. Or. 5, 18: 
men of first-rate t., praestantissimis i. 
homines, id. Fin, 2, 16, 51: to possess very 
great and brilliant t.s, optimo et splen- 
didissimo i. esse, id. Off. 3, 5, 25: such a 
stock of t.s, tantae facultates ingenii, id. | 
Att. 3, 10, ad med. : nothing came amiss | 
to his varied t.s, buic versatile i. pariter | 
ad omnia fuit, Liv. 39, 40° not only to 
sharpen bit also foster t., non solum 
acuere, sed etiam alere i., Cic. Brut. 33, 
126 todevelope and show forth one’s t.s, 
i, augere et declarare, id. ib. 27, 104. 
[N.B.—The pl. of this word cannot be 
used of one person, as in Eng.- hence 
a man of great t.s is vir magno ingenio, | 
never m. ingeniis. The pl. is used some- | 
times for persons of t.: the men of t. in | 
our days, temporum nostrorum ingenia, 
Plin. Ep. 6, 21, init.] 9, inddles, is, 
f. (& which may hereafter be developed 2 
only in svg.), youths endowed with 
good t., adulescentes bona indole prae- 
diti, Cic. Sen. 8,26 there was very great 
promis in his son and a decided germ 
of t., sunsma in filio spes, summa ingenii | 
15 1d.) Phil), rz, 13} 3.38 ch @uint.12)16,, 3. 
8. dos, dotis, f (usu. in pl.: gifts, 
endowments): every t.in war and peace, 
omnes d. belli et togae, Vell. 1, 12, 3: 7s 
my t. to celebrate maidens in song, est d. 
mea carminibus celebrare puellas, Ov. 
Am. f, to, 59 natural t.s, dotes na- 
turae, Plin. Ep. 3, 3, ad med. 4, expr | 
sometimes by natura (disposition, bent, | 
834 





inclinetion), when the context shows 
what is implied: he had no t. for it, 
instrumenta naturae deerant, Cic. Brut. 
17,208 those who have a natural t. for 
administration, ii qui habent a natura 
adjumenta rerum gerendarum, id. Off. 
Ejp2Ue ze 

talented: ingénidsus Cic. Tusc. 4, 
14, 32: very ¢., péringénidsus, id. Brut, 
24, 92° adv, ingénidse: thse points are 
hundled in a t. way, tractantur ista i. 
id. Acad. 2, 27, 87. It is usu. expr. by 
aphr with ingénium (q. v.). 

talionis, in the phrase lew ¢., is to be 
found in Gell. 20, 1, where he treats of 
the provision of talio, or like for like, 
made in the XII. Tables. 

talisman: 1, 4amilétum: to use 
a thing as at., pro a. uti, Plin. 23, 1, 14: 
Vv. AMULET. Q. praeligamen (some- 
thing bound in front): Marc Emp. 8. 

3. ligatira: Aug. Pbhr.: a thin 

sheet of metal covered with unknown 
characters (i. e. a@ t.), lamina ignora- 
biliter literata, App. M. 3, 137, ad init. : 
the fat of the heart bound on to the arm 
asat.isan aid to success in lawsuits, 
cordis pingue adalligatum in lacerto 
confert judiciorum victoriae, Plin. 29, 
4, 20. 

talk (subs.): 1. sermo, Onis, m. 
(used both in sing. and pl. in nearly all 
senses of the Eng. word): every-day t., 
s. quotidianus, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2: silly 
childish t., s. stultus, puerilis, id. Fam. 
3, 10, 5: sprightly t., s. facetus, id. de 
Or. 1, 8, 32: confidential talk, sermonis 
communicatio (cum aliquo), id. Att. 1, 
17, 6: a very ungentlemanly kind of 
talk, genus s. minime liberale, id. Fam. 
3, 8, 5: common t., vulgi s., id. Rep. 6, 
23: the t. of the town, pervagatus civi- 
tatis s., id. Mil. 12, 33: to try to get 
into t. with, s. quaerere, Ter. Eun. 3, 
3, 10: to introduce light t., delicatum 
s. inferre, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144: they spoke 
of many things in various t., multo inter 
sese vario sermone serebant, Virg. Aen. 
6, 160: miscellaneous t., passiny from 
one subject to another, s. varius, aliunde 
alio transiliens, Sen. Ep. 64,2: to spend 
the day im t., diem sermone terere, Pl. 
Trin. 3, 3, 68: much t. till late in the 
day, multus s.in meltum diem, Cic. Att. 
13, 9, ad init.: to prolong the t., s. pro- 
ducere, id. Rep. 6, 10- to have a rather 
long t., longiorem s. instituere, Caes. 
B.G. 5, 37: the t. flags, s. friget, Ter. 
Eun. 3, 3, 11° there is a ¢., manat 
s., Cic. Clu. 24, 73: to be the com- 
mon t., esse in ore, in sermone omnium, 
id. Phil. 10, 7, 14: to become the ¢., in 
sermones hominum venire, id. Verr. 4, 
7, 13: in sermonem incidere, id. Fam. 
9, 3, 1: he ts now the sole subject of t. 
through the city, nunc per urbem solus 
S. est omnibus, Pl. Ps. 1, 5,4: it is the 
universal t. of Asia, s. est tota Asia dis- 
Sipatus, Cic, Flac. 6,14: to give a handle 
to ¢., dare sermonis ansas, id. Sest. 10, 
22: to give occasion to ¢., dare sermo- 
nem, id. Fam. 9, 3, 1; praebere, Tac. 
H. 4, 4: to supply matter for t., dare 
materiam sermonum, id. Q., Fr. I, 2, 1, 
§ 3: to give rise to all kinds of t., 
varios s. excitare, id. Fam. 8, 10, 2: 
I have never provoked this t., but I have 
not done much to check it, hos sermones 
lacessivi nunquam sed non valde re- 
pressi, id. ib. 3, 8, 7° to be well abused in 
common t., sermonibus omnium vapu- 
lare, id. Att. 2, 14, ad init.: to escape 
common t., effugere s., id. Coel. 16, 38: 
to silence common t., retundere s., id. 
Fam. 8, 6,1 the t. having died away, 
refrigerato sermone, id. ib. 3, 8, 1: to 
“ stuff the ears of men” with t., aures 
hominum sermonibus refercire, id. Rab. 
Post. 14, 40: my chief t. is with books, 
cum libellis mihi plurimus s. est, Sen. 
Ep. 67, 2 cf. Cic, Att. 12, 15: v. CON- 
VERSATION. 2. sermunculus (dimin. 
of preced.: small, petty t.: rare): the 
common town t. of mischievous persons, 
urbani malevolorum s., Cic. Deiot. 12, 
38: to stifle or silence all the petty t., 
S. omnem aut restinguere aut sedare, id. 
Att. 13, 10, ad med. 3 colléquium 





TALK 





(prop. a t.ing together: esp. a confer- 
ence). the soldiers had frequent t.s with 
one another, crebra inter se c. milites 
habebant, Caes. B. C. 3, 19, ad init.: t. 
with absent friends (i.e. by letter): col- 
loquia amicorum absentium, Cic. Phil. 
2, 4,17: the t. of birds, c. alitum, Plin. 
10, 49, 70: t. with the gods, deorum c., 
Virg. Aen. 7,91. Join: congressus c.- 
que, Cic. Phil. 9, 1,2. 4, collociitio (@ 
familiar or private conversation) : rare: 
very familiar t., c. familiarissimae, Cic. 
Phil. 11, 2,5: id. Att.12.1,evtr. Join: 
sermones c.que, id. Fam. 1, 9, 4. 5. 
loquéla (rare, and poect.): wordy t., ver- 
bosa 1., Catul. 55, 20: the soothing t. of 
@ nurse, blanda nutricis L., Luer. 5, 230. 

6. garritus, tis (chat): Sid. Ep. 
3. 6, ad med.: Vv. CHAT, GOSSIP. } 
fabala (@ story, tale): what a t. I was 
through the city, per urbem f. quanta 
fui, Hor. Epod. 11, 8: to avoid t., vitare 
f., Q. Cic. Pet. Consul. 14, 54: to take 
down (make notes of) ¢., f. excipere, 
Tac, Or. 2,2: to take part in the t., exci- 
pere partem fabulae, Petr. Sat. 42, init. 

8. fama (report, rumour): there 
has arisen a t., f. surrexit, Coel. in Cic. 


; Fam. 8, 8, 2: common t., f. vulgi, Cic. 


Top. 20, 76: there is @ common t., 
f. percrebruit, id. Fam. 10, 10, 1- 
scarcely has at.of that suspicion reached 
my ears, Vix ad aures meas istius sus- 
picionis f. pervenit, id. Sull. 4,12. Join: 
communi f. atque sermone, id. Flac. 6, 
13: V. REPORT, RUMOUR. 9, verbi- 
ficatio (a t.ing): Caecilius in Don. Ter. 
Eun. 4, 4, 4 (quid tibi v. est patri?) 
Phr.. to be all the t., in ore esse, Cic. 
Am. I, 2: to become the common t., per- 
venire in ora vulgi, Catul. 40, 5: every- 
body makes it their t.,in ore est omni 
populo, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 13. to become the 
t. of scandal-mongers, incurrere in vo- 
cnlas malevolorum, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2: 
to avoid common ¢., vitare linguas hom- 
inum, id. Fam. 9, 2, 2. to silence com- 
mon t., lingnas retundere, Liv. 33, 31; 
to court idle ¢., rumusculos aucupari, 
Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 35: you think virtue idle 
¢., virtutem verba putas, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 
31: idle t., nugae, Pl. Pers. 4, 7, 8. 
{N.B.—Several compounds are found : 
coaxing t., blandiloquentia, Poet. in Cic. 
N. D. 3, 25, extr.: foolish t., stultilo- 
quentia, Pl. Trin. 1, 2, 185: empty t., 
vaniloquentia, Tac. Ann. 3, 49: but the 
simple word loquentia does not occur, 
except in the saying recorded in Ptin. 
Ep. 5, 20, aliud esse eloquentiam, aliud 
loquentiam, ¢. ts one thing, eloquence 
another : see also Gell. 1, 15, ad jin., for 
the story of Valerius Probus. ] 

talk (v.): 1, léquor, ciitus, 3 (both 
neut. and act.): to t. with some one, 1. 
cum aliquo, Cic. Att. 9, 17, ad init.: to 
t. through the nose, balba de nare L., Pers. 
I, 33: the parrot learns to t., psittacus 
1. digcit, Plin. 10, 42, 58: to t. with the 
fingers, digitis 1., Ov. Trist. 2, 453: to 
become able to t., loquendi facultatem 
consequi, Cels. 7, 12, 4: let me t. with 
myself, sine loquar mecum, Sen. Ben. 5, 
1, 6: to t. correctly, recte 1., Quint. 1, 
I, 4: to t. indistinctly, 1. incerta voce, 
id. I, 1, 21° to ¢. in another tongue, alia 
lingua 1., Cic, de Or. 2, 14,61: to t. Greek, 
Latin, Graece, Latine L., id. use. 1, 8, 15: 
to t. sweetly, dulce 1., Hor. Od. 1, 22, 24: 
what you and 1 had t.’d in private about 
your sister, quae fueramus ego et tu inter 
nos de sorore locuti, Cic. Att. 5, 1,ad init. : 
to t. of nothing but fleets and armies, 
nihil nisi classes 1. et exercitus, id. ib. 
9, 2, ad jin.: to t. bg, magnum L, 
Hor. A. P 280, ting very grandly, 
omnia magna loquens, id. Sat. 1, 3, 
13: to ¢. wildly, 1. deliramenta, Pl. 
Am. 2, 2, 64 (73). 2. sermoci- 
nor, I (to t. with, converse ; rare): 
to t. earnestly, diligenter s., Cic. Verr 2, 
I, 52, 138 t.ing parrots, psittaci ser- 
mocinantes, Plin. Io, 42,58: in ordinary 
writing or tang, in consuetudine scri- 
bendi aut sermocinandi, Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 
54: (Gell. 17, 2, remarks, that Q. Claud- 
ius used consermonor, and adds, “sere 
monari rusticius videtur sed rectius”), 


TALK OVER 





3, fabiilor, 1: tot. together, f. inter 
aese, Pl. Epid. 2, 2,55: tot. plainly with 
you, ut aperte tibi fabuler, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 
49: whilst t.ing, inter fabulandum, Gell. 
15, 1, ad med.: they happened to stand 
ting togrther, stabant forte una fabu- 
lantes, id 19. rt, init. 4, confabulor, 
1 (to converse together: rare): Ter. 
Hee. 1, 2, 107: PL 5, colléquor, ca- 
tus, 3 (cons'r. with cum, inter with pron. 
refi. or abs.: to hold a conversation or 
conference): they t.’d much together, 
multum inter se collocuti sunt, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 7, 26: to t. by means of letter- 
writing, per literas c., id. Fam. 1, 7, 1 
the yenerals t. together, imperatores col- 
loquuntur simul, Pl. Am. 1, I, 69. 5 
garrio, ivi or ii, itum, 4 (act.: to prate, 
chatter): t. away, garri modo, Ter. Pb. 
3, 2, 11: lo t. anything you please, g. 
quidlibet, Hor. Sat. 1, 9, 13: to t. what- 
ever comes ujpermost, gurrire quidquid 
in buccam (sc. ventt), Cic. Att. 12, 1, ad 
fin.: I wished to t. more, cupiebam 
plura g., id. ib. 6, 2, ad fin.: to t. non- 
sense, g. nugas, Pl. Aul. 5, 21. fe 
blatéro, 1 (to t idly or foolishly : used 
as anact. verb): why do you t. nonsense? 
quid blateras? Varr. in Non. 1, 886: 
Hor. Sat. 2, 7, 35: Vv. PRATE, CHATTER. 
Phr.: the child will try to t., puer verba 
effingere conabitur, Quint. 1, 1, 5: to 
teach a magpie to t., picam docere nostra 
verba conari, Pers. prol. 9: birds taught 
to t. Greek and Latin, aves Graeco et 
Latino sermone dociles, Plin. 10, 42, 59: 
the raven being soon accustomed to t., 
corvus mature sermoni assuefactus, id. 
10, 43, 60: to t. without any meaning, 
inani voce souare, Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 48: to 
t. nonsense, nugas blatire, Pl. Am. 2, 1, 
82: t. away, da te in sermonem, Cic. 
Att. 13, 23, ad fin.: to t., caedere ser- 
mones (an imitation of the Gr. correc 
7a pyuata), Ver. Heaut. 2, 3, 1: to ¢. 
with him in private, cum eo secreta col- 
loquia serere, Liv. 34, 61: it is pleasant 
for me to t. with you by letter, jacundus 
est mihi sermo literarum tuarum, Cic. 
Fam. 7, 32, ad fin.: he was the first to 
begin t.ing about that, princeps ejus ser- 
monis ordiendi fuit, id. de Or. 1, 21, 98: 
to happen to t. about. ., incidere in illum 
sermonem qui...., id. Am. 1, 2: they 
happened to t. of their wives, incidit de 
uxoribus mentio, Liv. 1, 57: to ¢. about 
something else, sermonem alio transferre, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133: @ thing much t.’d 
of res multum agitata sermonibus, Plin. 

p. 6, 19, ad init.: res multum cele- 
brata sermonibus, Liv. 34, 61: tot. much 
with the men, celebrare juvenes multo 
sermone, Tib. 1, 6, 17: the deed began 
to be t.’d of in every place, per omnes 
locos de facto agitari, Sall. Jug. 30, 1: to 
t. freely and often of it, id libenter 
usurpare crebris sermonibus, Cic. Marcel. 
2, 5: to be continually t.’d of, in ore 
vigere, id. Tusc. 1, 49, 116: to come to be 
t.’d of as @ joke, in ora hominum pro 
ludibrio abire, Liv. 2, 36: we will give 
them something to t. of, dabimus ser- 


monem iis, Cic. Fam. 9, 3, 1: to t. of 


murder when drunk, caedem eructare 
sermonibus, id. Cat. 2, 5, 10. : 
talk over: 1, commiinico, 1: a 
person with whom I can t. over every- 
thing, homo, quocum omnia communi- 
cem, Cic. Att. 1,18, ad init.: with whom 
he had been accustomed to t. over the 
weightiest matters, quibuscum c. de 
maximis rebus consueverat, Caes. B. C. 
3, 18. 9. conféro, tili, latum, 3: if 
the matter shall in anywise require it 
we will t. it over face to face, si quid res 
feret coram inter nos conferemus, Cic. 
Att. 1, 20, ad init.: to t. over matters 
confidentially, familiares c. sermonvs, 
id. Off. 2, 11, 39: Join: c. et fabulari, 
Pl. Rud. 2, 3, 8: Vv. DISCUSS, CONSIDER. 
8. verbigéro, 1: how long and how 
often it has been t.’d over between us, 
quamdiu et quoties inter nos verbigera- 
tum sit, App. Apol. 321, ad init. 
— to; admonére: v. ADMONISH. 
talkative: 1 lOquax, acis: old 
age is by nature rather ¢., senectus est 
natura loquacior, Cic. Sen. 16, 55: a too 


| gt: of birds, Plin. 10, 42, 59. 





TALL 


TAME 





t. slave, servus nimium lL, id. Clu. 63, 
176: I prefer wisdom at a loss for words 
to t. folly, malim indisertam prudentiam 
quam stultitiam L, id. de Or. 3. 35, 142: 
of birds, Plin. 11, $1, 112. Dimin., 10- 
quaciilus, Lucr. 4, 1157 (rather t.) 2S. 
garriilus (not in Cic.): a ¢t. tongue, g. 
lingua, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 44 @ lt. crow, g. 
cornix, id. ib. 3, 5. 22: avoid an in- 
quisitive perso, for he is also t., per- 
contatorem fugito, nam g. idem est, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 69. 8. multiléquus: 
at. old oman, m, anus, PL. Cist. 1, 3, 1: 
multiloquax is dub, in I'l. Aul. 2, 1, 5. 
4, argiitus: very ¢. letters, argutis- 
simae literae. Cie. Att. 6, 5, ad init. 
5, argutilus (dimin. of preced.): a 
rather t. maid-servant, a. famula, App. 
Met 2, p. 117. 6. lingudsus: Petr. 
Sar. 43. 7, lingilus: said of Ajax, 
Poet Lat. min. 2, p. 237, Wernsd. 8. 
lingatiilus: Tert. 9, locitileius: 
Alcim.: Gell. (v. under TALKER.) 
talkatively: léquaciter (no sup.): 
describe t., scribere 1., Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 
4: Cic. 
talkativeness : 1, léquacitas, 
atis, f.: it is not my t. but my kindly 


Feeling that makes my letters vather long, 


facit non mea l, sed benevolentia longi- 
ores epistolas, Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 4: to 
lapse into t., in 1. incidere, Quint. 5, Io, 
2, gar- 
rilitas, atis, f. (not in Cic.): great t., in- 
gens g., Plin. 29, 1, 3: that t. of which 
none will ever have enough, illa neminem 
satiatura g., Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5: Ov. 
M. 5, 678. 3. multildquium: PI. 
Mere. prol. 31 (opp. to pauciloquium). 

talker: 1, lociitor: light, empty, 
and troublesome t.s, leves et futiles et 
importuni L., Gell. 1, 15, iit. 2. gar- 
ritor: Amm. 8. colldctitor (one who 
talks with another): Tert. 4, several 
words occur in Gell. 1, 15, extr.: ho- 
mines in verba projectos locutnleios 
et blatterones, et linguaculas (al. lin- 
guaces) dixerunt. 5, sermocinatrix 
(only the f. form occurs): App. M. 9, 
p. 224. 

talking: v. TALK: blatératus, us, 
m. in Sid. Ep. 9, 11, fin., is foolish t. 

tall: 1, procerus: a@ t. palm tree, 
p. palma, Cic. Leg. 1, t, 2: very t. pop- 
lars, procerissimae populi, id. ib. I, 5, 
15: a certain man of t. stature, quidam 
p. staturae, Suet. Vesp. 23, init.: ¢. in 
appearance, p. habitu, Tac. H. 4, 1: ¢. 
horns, p. cornua, Col. 6, 1, 3: he wore 
rather high shoes to make him seem ter 
than he was, usus est calceamentis altius- 
culis ut procerior quam erat videretur, 
Suet. Aug. 73. 
haps confined to poetry): under the 


boughs of a t. tree, sub ramis arboris a., | 


Lucr. 2, 3>: the goddess herself is t.er 
than they, altior illis ipsa Dea est, Ov. M. 
3, 181. 3. excelsus (elevated, high): 
t. birds, aves e., Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 101: 
one horn rises t.er, unum cornu exstitit 
excelsius, Caes. B. G. 6, 26: t. stature, 
e. statura, Suet. Caes. 45: the top of at. 
mountain, e. vertex montis, Virg. Aen. 
5, 35: a t. tower, e. turris, Juv. to, 106. 

4, celsus (upright: with the notion 
of stateliness): a man of the Jevish 
nation t.er than the t.est German, Judae- 


ae gentis homo procerior celsissimo Ger- | 


manorum, Col. 3, 8, 2: ¢. towers, c. tur- 
res, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 10: a stag with ¢. 
horns, c. in cornua cervus, Ov. M. 10, 
538 5, longus: he is a foot and a 
half t.er than you, sesquipede est quam 
tu longior, Pl. Trin. 4, 2, 58: ¢. spears, 1. 
hastae, Virg. Aen. 9, 229: Galatea ter 
than the t. alder-tree, Galatea longa pro- 
cerior alno, Ov. M. 13, 7.0: @ very ¢. 
pine trunk, longissimus truncus (pints), 
Plin. Ep. 6, 16: @ ¢. fellow, 1. homo, 
Catul. 67, 47 (said in contempt). 6. 
praelongus (very t.): a very ¢. man, ho- 
mo p., Quint. 6, 3,67: the very ¢. slender 
shape (of a tree), p. gracilitas, Plin. 13, 
4, 9, § 46. 7, grandis (of persons ; 
grown up): already a t. boy, g. jam 
puer, Cic. Pis. 36, 87: @ %. pupil, g. 
alumnus, Hor. Epod. 13, 11. The dimin. 
grandiusciilus (grandiciilus, al.), occurs 


2. altus (rare: per- | 








in Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 19. [(N.B—Some- 
times, though rarely, the notion of 
height may be expr. by magnus (Lucil. 
in Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 87, § $2), or ingens 
(Hor. Od. 2, 10, 9): henve in Mart. 9, 50, 
4, magnus bomo, by a play upon words 
is either a t, or a gieat man.) Phr 
she ts t.er than all by a head, collo tenus 
supereminet omnes, Ov. M. 3, 181: ani- 
mals that never grow very t., parvi in- 
cremen!i animalia, Col. 8, 15, 6. 
tallness: 1, procéritas, atis, f.: 
his jair complexion and t., candor et p., 
Cic. Cuel. 15, 36: a becoming t., decora 
p., lac. Ann. 12, 44° the t of various 
trees, proceritates arborum, Cic. Sen. 19, 
59 (ubserve the pl.). Q, altitiido, inis, 


J. (very rare): of the vine, Plin. 17, 22, 


35, § 184: Vv. HEIGHT. 3, celsitiido, 
Inis, f. (stately t.): t. of person, c. cor- 
poris, Vell. 2, 94. 4, procéritido: 
Solin. 1. 

tallow: sébum (sévum): Pl. Capt. 
2; 2,31: Plin. 

—-candle: sébaceus: App. M. 4, 
p. 151: *candéla sébata: to make ts, se- 
bare candvlas, Col. 2, 22, 3. 

-chandler: * candélarius (Du- 





cange). 

—  -tree: *Stillingia sebifera. 

tallowy: ], sébdsus (full of*tal- 
low): Plin. 11, 37, 86. 9. sébalis: a 
t. torch, s. fax, Amm. 18, 6, 15. 

tally (subs.): tesséra: esp. the t. of 
hospitality (Pl. Poen. 5, 2, 87), for which 
see Dict. Ant.: dimin. tessériila, Pers. 
5, 14- 
tally (v.): convénio, véni, ventum, 
4: V. FIT, COINCIDE. 


talmud: *Talmudum, i, n.: also 
Talmud, is. 

talmudical; * Talmudicus. 

talmudist; * Talmudista, Talmudi- 
cus, Talmudis interpretandi peritus 
(Kr.). 

talon: |], A claw: 1, unguis, 


is, m. (a claw, t., or hoof, of animals: @ 
nail of human beings): to fasten the ts 
into the neck, figere cervicibus u., Ov. M. 
4, 117 (said of an eagle): hooked t.s, wu. 
unci, Plin. 11, 45, 101 : to seize food with 
the firm grasp of the t.s, cibum unguium 
tenacitate arripere, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122. 
Com.: unloose these from your ts, 
(haec) ab unguibus reglutina, Catul. 25, 
g (spoken toathief). 2, ungtila (only 
in Pl.): a cock with the ts of a kite or 
an eagle, cocus milvinis aut aquilinis u., 
Pl. Ps. 3, 2,63: to stick your t.s into it, 
huc injicere u., id. ib. 2, 2, 47: of the 


| claws of a hen, id. Aul. 3, 4, 8. 3 


falctila (dimin.): Plin. 8, 15, 17. Il. 
A t. t. in architecture: unda, Vitr. 5, 7 
(5, 6, 6); (? cymatium, id. 4, 3, 6). 

tamable; ddmabilis: Hor. Od. 4, 
14, 41: Ov. M. 9, 253. 

tamarind: *Tamarindus officinalis, 
Linn. 

tamarisk: ], timarix, icis, f 
(the t. gallica, Linn.): Lucan 9, 917: 
Col. It is also called timarice (Plin.), 
and tamariscus (Pall.). 2. myrice, 
és, or myrica, cae (uvpixn): Virg. Ecl 
8, 54. 3. brya silvestris, Plin. 13, 21, 
37: (some consider this the t. Africana 
or orientalis). 

tambourine: _ 1. tympanum (ty- 
pinum, Catul. 63, 8): the ts sivunded, t, 
sonuerunt, Caes. B.C. 3, 105 the tightly 
stretched t.s, t. tenta, Lucr. 2,618. Fig. 
of a mean style of oratory, te ¢. of elo- 
quence, t. eloquentiae, Quint §, 12, 21. 
Jo play the t., palmis impellere, Ov. M 
4, 29; plangere, Catul. 64, 262 orbem 
digito temperare, Suet. Aug. ¢8: play 
ing on the t., tympunizans, id. ib. A t- 
player, tympinista, App. de Deo Socr. 
p. 49: tympandtriba, Pl. Truc. 2, 4, 79 
(60) (used in contempt): a female t.- 
player, tympanistria, Sid. Ep. 1, 2, fin. 

9. tympanidlum (dimin.): Arn. 6, 


n. 

e(adj.): |, Lit: 1, cfcur, 
ee reaturatle t.): various kinds of 
beasts whether t.or wild, varia gerera be- 
stiarum vel cicurumvel ferarum, Cie. N. 
D. 2, 39, 99° Opp. to immunis, id. Tuse. 5, 
13,38. 2, mansuéfactus (id by arts 

835 


TAME 





a t. tiger, tigris m., Plin. 8, 17, 25. 2), 
mansuetus ( = preced.): a t. boar, sus 
m., Liv. 35, 49, ad med. Fig.: gentle 
and t. (said of men), mites et m., Cic. 
Inv. 1, 2, 2 (opp. to feri et immanes). 
4, mansues, uis and étis (= preced.) : 
at. she-bear, ursa m., App. M. 11, p. 261: 
Pl. Asin. I, 2, 19. 5, domitus (¢.’d 
by force): t., trained beasts, belluae d. 
et condocefactae, Cic. 'N. D. 2, 64, 161. 
Phr.: wild beasts have grown t., man- 
suevere ferae, Lucan 4, 238: some beasts 
never become t., ferae quaedam nunquam 
mitescunt, Liv. 33, 45: to make any body 
as t. as a sheep, aliquem tam placidum 
quam ovem reddere, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 18. 
I]. Fig.: spiritless : 1. ignavus 
(unenterprising, cowardly): the t. and 
weak giving way and yielding to the 
arrogance of the rich, cedentibus i. et 
imbecillis et arrogantiae divitum suc- 
cumbentibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 32: t. and 
unwarlike amidst foes, i. et imbelles 
inter hostes, Liv. 26, 2. 92, lentus 
(passive, indifferent): I am considered 
too patient and t., nimium patiens et 1. 
existimor, Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 305- oe 
Janguidus (dull, listless) : an effeminate, 
t., enervated philosopher, philosophus 
mollis, 1., enervatus, Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 
226: a t. speech, languidior oratio, Quint. 
+ 107. 
: tame (v.): 1, mansuéfacio, féci, 
factum, 3 (very class.): the wild oxen 
cannot be t.d even when caught young, 
uri mansuefieri, ne parvuli quidem ex- 
cepti, possunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 28. Fig.: 
to t. his fierce disposition, m. ferum in- 
genium, Suet. Calig. rr. 2. man- 
suesco, suévi, suétum, 3 (to accustom to 
the hand): to t. wild animals, m. sil- 
vestria animalia, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 4. 
3, domo, ui, itum, 1 (¢o t. forcibly) : 
to t. wild beasts, d. belluas, Cic. Off. 2, 
14: tot. horses, d. equos, Virg. G. 3, 206. 
Fig.: to t. one’s ardent spirit, d. avid- 
um spiritum, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 9: to ¢. 
nations, d. gentes, Cic. Marcel. 3, 8: v. 
SUBDUE. 4, domito, 1 (rare: freq. 
from preced.): to t. oxen, d. boves, Virg. 
G. 1, 285: to t. a team, d. currus, id. 
Aen. 7, 163: for the sake of t.ing ele- 
phants, elephantos domitandi gratia, 
Plin. 8, 8, 8. §, perddmo, 1 (to ¢. 
thoroughly): to t. serpents thoroughly, 
p. serpentes, Ov. H. 12, 164: Liv. It 
occurs mostly in the sense of subduing 
thoroughly, in which acceptation €ddmo 
also is found in Cic., Hor., etc. 6. 
mitigo, 1 (to make gentle): nor is any 
animal so savage that management can- 
not t. it, nec ullum tam immansuetum 
animal est quod non cura mitiget, Sen. 
Ben. 1, 2, 5: to t. the fierceness of all 
animals, m. feritatem omnium animal- 
ium, Plin. 24, 17, 102, ad fin. 7, mi- 
tifico, 1 (=preced.): to t. elephants, 
elephantos m., Plin. 8, 8, 8. 8, ciciiro 
is quoted from Pacuvius in Varr. L. L. 
4, 5,98(§ 91, Miill.). Phr.: to ¢.,man- 
suetem reddere, Pl. As. I, 2, 19. 
tamely: |. Lit.: expr. by adj. 
Fig.: 1, ignave: to say 
many things t., ignave dicere multa, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 67. 9. languide: Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 9, 25. 8. expr. by adj.: we 
t. behold Hannibal, Hannibalem lenti 
spectamus, Liv. 22, 14. 
tameness: |. Lit.: mansuétudo: 
the t. of the elephant, m. elephanti, Just. 
15, 4. Il. Fig.: lentitiido: not to 
get angry at all is a sign not only of 
dignity but sometimes eren of t., omnino 
non irasci est non solum gravitatis sed 
nonnunquam etiam lentitudinis, Cic. Q. 
Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 38: books of the same t. 
and coldness, libri ejusdem |. et teporis, 
Tae. Or 21, 4. 
tamer: 1. mansuétarius: Lampr. 
Heliog. 21, 1. Q, démitor (the usual 
term): a t. of horses, d. equorum, Cic. 
Oft. 1, 26, 90° f. -trix, Virg.G. 3, 44: 
the club (of Hercules) that t.s wild beasts, 
clava d. ferarum, Ov. H. 9, 117: so fig. 
of iron as the strongest metal, Plin. 36, 
16, 25. 
taming: 1. ddmitus, is: we 
render gommenanice on quadrupeds prac- 
83 











TANTAMOUNT 


TAPESTRY 





| ticable through t., efficimus d. nostro 


quadrupedum vectiones, Cic. N. D. 2,60, 
151. 2, domitura: the t. of oxen 
takes place when they are three years 
old, d. boum in trimatu, Plin. 8, 45, 70, 
ad med. 

tamper: |. Exp. by se immis- 
cere: V. MEDDLE. Phr.: to t. with a 
wound, contrectare vulnus, Ov. Pont. 2, 
2, 60. Il. To endeavour to corrupt : 

1, aggrédior, gressus, 3 (a strong 

expr.): to t. with all by bribes, omnes 
pecunia a., Sall. J. 28, ad init.: to ¢. 
with the ambassadors severally, legatos 
alium ab alio diversos a., id. ib. 46. 

9. tento, 1 (with abl. of instrument) : 
to t. with the minds of the slaves by hope 
and fear, animos servorum spe et metu 
t., Cic. Clu. 63, 176: tot. with the trial 
by bribes, judicium pecunia t., id. ib. 4, 9. 

3, sollicito, 1 (with abl. of instru- 

ment, or abs.): I have ascertained that 
the ambassadors were t.’d with by Len- 
tulus, comperi legatos a Lentulo esse 
sollicitatos, Cic. Cat. 3,2, 4: V. CORRUPT. 

tampering: sollicitatio: the t. with 
the Allobroges, s. Allobrogum, Cic. Cat. 
3, 9, 22: expr. also by the verbs. 

tan (subs.) : * cortex coriarius (Kr.). 

tan (v.): |. To prepare leather : 
expr. by coria, pelles perficere, Plin, 23, 
I, 16: 24, 11, 56: subigere, Cat. R. R. 
18, 7: depsére, id. 135, 3 : conficere, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 13: V. DRESS, CURRY. Com.: 
to t. me’s hide, alicui corium concidere, 
P). Am. prol. 85. |]. Zo discolour : 
coloro, 1: when I walk in the sun it 
naturally happens that I become t.'d, 
quum in sole ambulem natura fit ut 
colorer, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 60: t.’d by the 
sun, adustus, pérustus: V. SUNBURNT, 
SWARTHY. 

tandem: nearest word perb. prote- 
lum equorum. after Plin. 9, 15, 17: to 
drive t., when there are many horses 
perh. ire curru multijugis equis: cf. 


Liv. 28, 9. 

tangent: “*linea tangens: more 
exactly, linea recta quae circulum 
tangit. 

tangible: Lit.: 1, tractabi- 


lis (that may be handled): everything 
which has come into being must neces- 
sarily be t., t. omne necesse est esse quod 
natum est, Cic. Tim. 4, ad jin. SD: 
tactilis: Lucr. 5, 151 (q. V.). i 
tangibilis: Lact, 4, contrectabi- 
lis: id. 

tangle (v.): 
TANGLE. 

Tangle (subs.): 1. implicatio: 
the t. of the nerves, i. nervorum, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 55,139. Fig.: om account of 
the t. in which his affairs were, propter 
i, rei familiaris, id. Sest. 46, 99. 2. 
expr. by nddus or nexus, is: several 
knots tied in a t., and concealing their 
interlacings, complures nodi in semet- 
ipsos implicati et celantes nexus, Curt. 
3, 1, 15. Phr.: hair in a t., capillus 
implexus atque impeditus, App. Apol. 
p- 276. 

tank: ], lacus, is: to clean out 
t.s, 1. detergere, Liv. 39, 44: Hor. Sat. 1, 
fOCGE 9. castellum (a ¢. connected 
with an aqueduct) : Plin. 36, 15,24,§ 121. 

8. piscina: ¢.s of wood, p. ligneae, 

Plin. 34, 12, 32: ts and cisterns, p. cis- 
ternaeque, Tac. H. 5, 12, 4, cisterna 
(an underground t.): Plin. 36, 23, 52: 
bence ¢.-water, aqua cisternina, Sen. Ep. 
86, 21: Vv. RESERVOIR. 5, in Vitr. 8, 
4, ad init., the expr. receptaculum 
(aquae), and also immissarium, are 
found for t.s connected with aqueducts, 

tankard: nearest word cantharus, 
Virg. E. 6, 17: Hor. More exactly 
* cantharus operculatus. 

tanner: coriarius, Plin. 17, 9, 6: 
cOriorum confector, Firm. Math. 3, 9, 
87: sitbactarius, Inscr Grut. 

tanning: expr. by verb: a shrub 
useful in t., frutex coriarius, Plin. 24, 
II, 54. 

tansy: Tanacetum vulgare, Linn. 

tantalize: perh. *Tfantali exemplo 
cruciare aliquem: Vv. TORMENT. 

tantamount: V- EQUIVALENT. 


implico, 1: v. EN- 








tanyard: coriarii officina, Plin. 17, 


4 tap (subs.): |. A slight blow: 
expr. by *ictus, plaga levis. ll. A 
pipe with a cock attached : perh. *fistula 
cum epistomio manubrio incluso, after 
Vitr. 10, 8, 3 (Schneider): epistomium 
is a mouth-piece or bung, and in the 
same passage to turn the t. is expr. by 
manubrium torquere. 

tap (v.): |, Yo hit lightly: expr. 
by *léviter férire, or by pulso, 1 (to 
knock) or similar verbs, where the con- 
text shows the meaning: he t.s his breast 
with his fingers, pectus digitis pultat, 
Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 49: Vv. KNOCK. ll. To 
bore a hole in a cask, etc. 1, rélino, 
lévi, 3 (to remove the pitch with which, 
acc. to Roman custom the wine-jars 
were sealed): J have t.’d all the casks, 
relevi omnia dolia, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, §1. 

2. expr. by varieus phrr.: vina 
dolio promere, Hor. Epod. 2, 47: wine 
from a cask not t.’d previously, merum 
non ante verso cado, id. Od. 3, 29, 2: to 
drink wine newly t.’d, de dolio haurire, 
Cic. Brut. 83, 288: v. BROACH. 5h 
if special ref. is made to the modern 
method, perh. *dolium forare, terebrare. 
Ill. Zo ¢. for dropsy: hydropico 

aquam emittere, Cels. 7, 15, ad init. 

tape: nearest word taenia (a rib- 
band): dimin., taenidla, Col. 11, 3, 23 
(applied to strips of sea-weed, used in 
tying up cabbages). 

taper (subs.): 1, cereus: Cic. Off. 
3, 20, 80. 2. finalis (a wazx-torch) : 
id. Sen. 13, 44: Virg.: Hor. 3. can- 
déla: Juv. 3, 287. (N.B.—Though 
candéla does not occur in Cic., the de- 
rivative candelabrum does. Céredlari- 
um, or -are, a@ stand for waz t.s, occurs 
in Inscr.} 

taper (adj.): 1, fastigatus (see 
under the verb). turbinatus 
(shaped like a top): a more t. form, 
turbinatior figura, Plin. 15, 15, 17: the 
t. form of the pear, turbinatio piri, id. 
15, 21, 23. 8. téres, étis (well-round- 
ed: poet.): t. fingers, t. digiti, Ov. A. A. 
I, 622: a t. little arm, brachiolum t., 
Catul. 61, 181: with her t. neck thrown 
back, t. cervice reposta, Lucr. 1, 35. 
Phr.: the outline of the shield is more 
t. towards the bottom, forma scuti ad 
imum cuneatior, Liv. 9, 40, ad init. 

taper (v.): 1, fastigor, 1 (used 
esp. in the perf. part.=t.ing): the 
leaves t. to a fine point, folia in exilita- 
tem fastigantur, Plin. 24,19,118: comets 
ting to a point, cometae in mucronem 
f., id. 2, 25,22. 2, expr. by introduc- 
ing a comparison with the métae or 
cones that marked the gual in the race- 
course: a hill t.ing to a sharp conical 
peak, collis in modum metae in acutum 
cacumen fastigatus, Liv. 37, 27: the t.- 
ing cypress, metas imitata cupressus, 
Ov. M. 10, 106: an unbroken circum- 
Serence t.ing like a cone from a broad 
base to narrow dimensions at the top, 
continuus orbis latiore initio tenuem in 
ambitum metae modo exsurgens, Tac. 
He 35 8. gracilesco, 3 (very Tare): 
a t.ing obelisk, g. obeliscus, Amm. 17, 
4 7: 

tapering (swbs.) : contractira: Vitr. 
3, 2 (3), 12. 

tapestry ; no exact word: the near- 
est are: 1, anlaeum (usu. in pl.: a 
curtain): the hanging t., suspensa a, 
Hor. S. 2, 8, 54, Orell.: cf. Virg. G. 3, 
25. 2. vélum (a curtain separating 
apartments): he hid himself under the 
t. that hung across the doorway, inter 
praetenta foribus v. se abdidit, Suet. 
Claud. 10: hanging t., pendentia v., 
Juv. 6, 227. 3, tapéte, is, nm. (the 
following irreg. forms occur by the side 
of the veg. ones: acc. sing. masc. tapeta, 
Sil. 4, 270: abl. sing. tapete, Sil. 17, 64: 
acc. pl. masc. tapetas, Virg. Aen. 9, 358: 
abl. pl. tapetis, id. ib. 7,277) this word 
seems always to denote ¢, used as a 
carpet or coverlet, or to throw over 
thrones, ete.: Vv. CARPET. 4, perh. 
péripétasma, Cic. Verr. 4, 12,27. Phr.. 
a tent of wrought t., tabernaculum tex- 


« 


« 


TAPE-WORM 


tilibus signis exornatum, Val. Max. 9,1, 
ext.4: to hang walls with t., parietes 
aulaeis (or poet. textilibus picturis, 
Lucr, 2, 35) vestire, after Cic. Vert. 4, 
55, 122. 

tape-worm: tacnia: ts of 30 feet 
and upwards in length, t. tricenum ped- 
um et plurium longitudine, Plin. 31, 33, 


TASTE 





catch a T., perb. lupum auribus tenere, 
Ter. Ph, 3, 2, 21: Suet. 

Tartarean: tartareus: Virg.: Ov.: 
comic. in Phaedr. 4, 6, 10, of the belly: 
tartarinus, Enn. in Festus. 

tartish: stbacidus, Cat. R. R. 108, 
2: acidulus, Plin. 15, 15, 16. 

tartly; mordaciter: v. SHARPLY. 





















































39: *t. solium et vulgaris, Linn. tartness: mordacitas, acor: also 
tap-house, tap-room: taberna:| morsus, is: Mart.: Plin.: v. actbiTy, 
¥. TAVERN. PUNGENCY. 
tapir: * tapirus. task (subs.): 1, pensum (prop. | 
tapster; nearest word minister | the wool weighed out for a day’s spin- 


ning: hence, work assigned) : to assign 
a t., p. imperare, Quint. 3, 7, 6: to per- 
Jorm one’s t., p. facere, Pl. Merc. 2, 3, 
62: conficere, ib. Pers. 2, 4,1: peragere, 
Col. 3, 10,7: absolvere, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1: 


(vini): cf. Catul. 27, 1. 
’ tar: pix liquida, Plin. 24, 7, 24: 
mineral t., maltha, id, 2, 104, 108: or 
naphtha, id. 2, 105, roy (a kind of petro- 
leum): to t., pice liquida illinere, after 
id. 29, 6, 34, § 110: to give vessels a 
thick coat of t., vasa crasse picare, Col. 
12, 43, 5: ¢. from the pines of Ida, 
Idaeae pices, Virg. G. 3, 450: the td 
ship, uncta carina, id. Aen. 4, 398: @ 
t.-pot, * vas picis liquidae servandae, 

tarantula: *#ranea tarantula (tar- 
entula); in Plin, 18,17, 44, a4 jim. : pha- 
langium is an unidentified venomous 
spider. 

tardily: tarde, Cic.: v. SLOWLY. 

tardiness: tarditas, Cic,: Vv. SLOW- 


ESS, 

tardy; tardus: v. SLOW, LATE. 
tare: |. A weed growing among 
corn : 1, Ilium: the unfruitful ts, 
infelix 1., Virg. E. 5, 37: 1. temulentum, 


Pl. Bac. 5, 2, 36. Fig.: 
munus et p. revocabo, Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 
119. 
done): a great and difficult t., magnum 
0. et difficile, Cic. Tusc. 3, 34, 84: (0 
have at. to perform, o. debere, Hor. Ep. 
I, 1, 21: to appoint the t.s Sor the whole 
day, o. in totum diem ordinare, Quint. 
I, 2, 12: their toil at their t., operum 


N one’s t., opus efficere, Cic. Top. 16, 625 


Linn. 9, aera (alpa): Plin. 18, 17, | TAKING. 3. négotium (business): to 
44,ad fin. 3, zizanium (only in pl.:| undertake a t., n. suscipere, Cic. Cat. 3, 


a gen. term for noxious weeds) : Vulg. 
Matt. xiii. 30: Prud. Il. vicia: v. 
VETCH. Il. A ¢. ¢. in commerce: 
*quod mensurae (ponderi), deest. 
target: |. parma: v. SHIELD. 
, A mark to aim at: scOpus 
(cords): to hold out the open hand as 
at., praebere pro scopo dispansam mauus 
palmam, Suet. Dom. 19. Phr.: to hurl 
the dart beyond the t., trans finem jacu- 
lum expedire, Hor. Od. 1, 8, 12. 
targeteer: expr. by clipeatus, pel- 
tastes, Liv.: cétratus, Caes.: V. SHIELD- 
BEARER. 
targum: *targum, (7. indecl., with 
indecl. pl. targumim): versio Judaica. 
A targumist, targumista. 
tariff ; * formula (portoria) exigendi 
(Kr.): v. also PRICE-LIST. 
tarnish: |. Lit: A. Trans.: 
1, décdloro, 1: that of which the 
colour is spoiled, not altered, is td, de- 
coloratur id cujus color vitiatur non 
mutatur, Sen. N. Q. 2, 40, 6: Hor. 
9. hébéto, 1 (to render dull): the 
brightness of mirrors is t.’d, speculorum 
fulgor hebetatur (joined _to praestring- 
itur), Plin. 7, 15, 13. B, intrans.: 
J, hébesco, 3: Tac. Ann. 1, 30 (ap- 
plied to the stars losing their brightness). 
Q, pallesco, lui, 3: Vv. GROW DIM. 
Il. Fig-: praefloro, 1: fo t. his 
glory, p. gloriam, Liv. 37, 58, ad fin.: 
V. SULLY, STAIN. 
tarpaulin: * vélum picatum. 
tarry: commoror, 1: v. STOP, SO- 


JOURN. 

(subs.): 1, scriblita (scri- 
bilita): while the t.s are warm, dum s. 
aestuant, Pl. Poen. prol. 43: Mart. : 
Petr. 2, crustiilum (dimin. of crust- 
um, a small piece of pastry): Hor. S. 1, 
1, 25: Sen. 3, Adipata, m. pl. (se. 
edulia, pastry made with fat): Mart. 
14, 223, lemma. 4, expr. by various 
phrases: dulces figurae, Mart. 14, 222: 
dulciola mellita, Apul. M. 4, p. 155: Vv. 
also CAKE. A ¢.-maker, crustilarius, Sen. 
Ep. 56, 2: scriblitarius, Afran, in Non. 
131, 27: perh. also pistor dulciarius, 
Mart. 14, 222, lemma: v. CONFEC- 
TIONER. 

tart (adj.): |, Lit: 1, iicid- 
us: Vv. ACID, SOUR. 2, mordax, acis: 
t. vinegar, m. acetum, Pers. 5, 86. Il. 
Fig.: asper: V. PUNGENT, BITING. 

tartan: sagiilum versicdlor, ‘Tac. H. 
2, 20. ef, Liv. 9, 40: virgatum sagulum, 
Virg. Aen. 8, 660 (said of the Gauls). 

Tartar; Tartarus (cf. Smith’s Gib- 
bon, vol. 3, p- 294, note). Phr.: to 


V. CHIDE, REPROV E. 

task (v.): imponere pensum (alicui), 
Quint. 3,7, 6: she t.s her maids, famulas 
exercet penso, Virg. Aen. 8, 412: to t. 
the strength of the people so much, tan- 
tum oneris plebi imponere, Cic. Verr. 2, 
55,138: V. BURDEN. 

— -master: exactor (operis), Liv. 
45, 37: Col.: so, exactor studiorum, 
Quint. 1, 3, 14: operum magister, prae- 
fectus, Vulg. Exod. i. 11: V. 13. 

tassel: prob. cirrus: this word does 
not occur in the sing. in this sense: 
Veg. uses it of the tuft of hair on a 
horse's forehead or fetlock: in pl.: with 
t.s hanging down, cirris dependentibus, 
Phaedr. 2, 5, 13: V. FRINGE: perh. also 
it may be expr. by segmenta (trim- 
mings). 

taste (subs.): 
The sense of t.: 


A. Lit.: {i 
1, gustatus, us: ¢., 


uptarius, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99: the sense 
of t. sensus g., Plin. 10, 71, 91. 2 
palatum (the organ 
rarely palatus, m.): hot wines blunt a 
delicate t., fervida subtile exsurdant 
vina p., Hor. S. 2, 8, 38: to have no t., 
p. non habere, Favorinus in Gell. 15, 8: 
there is no gratification of the t., palati 
gratia nulla est, Plin. 15, 3, 4 ad fin. 

3, sapor, Oris, m.: Lucr. 4, 492. 
Phr.: the palate has not the sense of t., 
non sapit palatus (al. -um), Cic. Fin. 2, 
8, 24. Il. Flavour: _ 1, sapor, Oris, 
m.: its own peculiar kind of t., swam 
proprium genus saporis, Clic. Fin. 3, 10, 
34: a sweet t., dulcis s., Hor. Od. 3, 1, 
19: a honey-sweet t., 8. melleus, Plin. 15, 
14, 15: the inimitable t. of honey, mellis 
s. inimitabilis, Quint. 1, 10, 7; @ pure by 
s. incorruptus, Vitr. 8, 3,1: @ Fragrant 
and pleasant t., s. odoratus et jucundus, 
Plin. 26, 8, 50: an exquisite t.,8. argutus, 
Pall. 3, 25, 4: @ sour t., 8. asper, Virg. G. 
4, 277); acerbus, acidus, Plin. 15, 27, 32: 
a sourish t., s. acidulus, id. 15, 15, 16: 
a brackish t., s. asper, id. 2, 100, 14: 
insipid, bitter, tart, pungent, sharp, salt 


t., s. fervidus, id. 20, TI, 44: apples of a 
disagreeabie t., tristi poma sapore, Oy. 


to perform a t. scrupulously, p. accurare, | 
T will recall | 
myself to my duty and t., me ad meum | 


2. opus, éris, 7. (work to be | 


labores, Virg. Aen. 1, 455: to perform | 


which is the most pleasurable sense of all, | 
g. qui est sensus omnium maxime vol- | 


of t., the palate : | 








t., pinguis, amarus, austerus, acer, acut- | 
us, salsus s., id. 15, 27, 32 (q. v.): @ hot | Mart. I, 41, 18. Il. 


TASTE 


_—_—_—$——<—————————————————___—_ 


Tr. 4, 6, 12: the perception of ts lies in 
the palate, intellects saporum in palato, 
Plin, 11, 37, 65, extr.: to acquire a | 
that does not properly belong to it, alieno 
s, infici, id. 15, 3,4 lo lose their perfect 
t., integrum perdere s., Hor. S. 2, 4, 54 

9. gustatus, fis: the pleasant t. of 
apples, jucundus g. pomoruni, Cic. N. D. 
2, 63, 158: a grape very sour tol, uva 
peracerba gustatu, id. Sen. 15, §3 (w here 
g. may be the sup. of gusto). 3. gus- 
tus, is (prop. a ting: not in Cic.): @ 
very sweet ¢., suavissimus g. Plin. 25, 9, 
64: an astringent t., g. astrictus, id. 27, 
12, 96: a sourer t., g. austerior, Col, 12, 
12, 2: the t. is spoiled, g. corrumpi- 
tur, id. 3, 21, 6 4, saliva: the ¢. 
of thrushes, 8. turdarum, Pers. 6, 24: 
Prop.: Plin. 5, expr. by abstract 
nouns formed from the adjs, denoting 
the flavour: as, u sweet t., dulcédo;: a 
brackish t., asperitas: a bitter ¢., amuri- 
tudo, etc.: v. also the v. Taste. Phr.: 
a bitter t. in the mouth, vs amarum, 
Cels. 1, 3, No. 4: honey that has a t. of 
leaves, mel fronde infectum, Plin. 11, 13, 
13: impure saltpetre has a pungent ‘ 
nitrum adulteratum pungit, id. 31, 10, 
46, 6 114: the water acquires a bitter t., 
aqua perficitur amara, Vitr. 8, 3, 11: he 
duck has a vulgar t., anas plebeium 
sapit, Petr. 93 (poet.). Il. Act of t.- 
ing a little: a small quantity td: I 
gustus, ts: a t. of salt, g. salis, Plin. 
31, 6, 32: to test the feast by taking a t., 
epulas explorare gustu, Tac. A. 12, 66: 
a draught from which a t. had been 
taken, libata gustu potio, id. ib. 13, 16: 
of a light refreshment before a meal, 
Mart. 11, 31, 4. 9. gustiilus (dimin. 
of preced.): to get ready a t., g. prac 
parare, App. M. 9, p, 232: V. SNACK, 
WHET, RELISH. Pbhr.: tot. a t., tangere 
saporem, Ov. F. 3, 145- B. Fig.: 

|. Critical judgment: 1, judi- 
cium (a gen. term used specifically) : 
delicate ears and a critical t., teretes 
aures intelligensque j., Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 
11: it is perceived by the secret exercise 
of the t.as though by the palate, sentitur 
jatente j. velut palato, Quint. 6, 3, 19: 
a most refined person in every depart- 
ment of t., homo in omni j. elegantis- 
simus, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1: to have a fine 
t. for literature, exquisito j. uti literar- 
um, id. Off. 1, 37, 133: 4 fine t. for 
discriminating works of art, J. subtile 
videndis artibus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 242: 
your somewhat refined and polished t., 
limatulum et politum j., Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 
2: ts differ, varia sunt j., id. Or. 11, 36. 

9. intelligentia (capacity for dis- 
crimination); mind he does not surpass 
in point of t. those who u ish to be called 
men of refinement, vide ne ille i. istos, 
qui se elegautes dici volunt, vicerit, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 44, 98- 3, sapor, Oris, ™. 
(rare): a certain innate t., nescio Quis s. 
vernaculus, Cic. Brut. 46, 172: @ man 
void of t., homo sine sapore, id. in Sen. 
p. red, 6, 14: @ con versation of no vul- 
gar t., sermo non publici s., Petr. 3, t. 

4, élégantia (esp. as shown in the 
style of living, etc.): 4 daughter im 


| bued with the good t. of her Jather, pa- 


tris e. tincta filia, Cie. Brut. 58, 211: all 
else that seems worthy of your good t, 
cetera quae tuae e. (gen.) esse videntur, 
id. Att. 1, 8, 2: the delicacy and t. of 
your writings, scriptorum subtilitas et 
e., id. Fam. 4, 4, ad init. Join: e. et 
munditia, id. Or. 23, 79: Fam. 9, 20: V- 
REFINEMENT. 5, sal, salis, nm. (very 
rare): the house displayed more t. than 
magnificence, tectum plus salis quam 
sumptus habebat, Nep. Att. 13, 2: V- 
STYLE. Phr.: men of t, homines ven- 
ustiores, Catul. 3, 2: 4 hypercritical 2 
fastidium delicatissimum, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 
5: an age of life hen sprightliness ts 
in better t., lasciva decentius aetas, Hor 
Ep. 2, 2, 216:. plain in thy good t., sim- 
plex munditiis, id. Od. 1, 5, 5: tt is 0c 
granted to every man to have t., non 
cuicunque datum est habere nasum 
Relish, liking: 

j, gustitus, fs: to have no t. jor 
true praise, verse laudis g. nop habers 

837 


TASTE 


Cic. Phil. 2, 45, 115. 2, palatum (or 
-us, m.): asking for widely different 
things with various t.s, poscentes vario 
multum diversa p., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 62. 
3, stémichus: very gorgeous plays, 
but not to your t., ludi apparatissimi, sed 
non tuis., Cic. Fam. 7, 1,2: many things 
take his t., multa s. sollicitant, Plin. Ep. 
I, 24. 4, expr. by stiidium, génius: 
V. INCLINATION, LIKING. Phr. fo hare 
a t. for these things, baec sensu (nostro) 
gustare, Cic. Arch. 7,17: tf was long the 
t. at Rome, Romae dulce diu fuit, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 1, 193: having had a t. for music 
instilled into him, imbutus musica, Suet. 
Ner. 20, init.: every one has his own t., 
suus cuique mos est, Ter. Ph. 2, 4, 14: 
as a prov., ‘‘suam cuique sponsam, mihi 
meam;” “suum cuique amorem, mihi 
meum,”’ Cic. Att. 14, 20 (= every one 
to his ¢.: a quotation from Attilius): 
a man with some t. for law, homo 
a juris studic non abhorrens, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 39, 1719: to have no t. for fight- 
ing, a pugnando abhorrere, id. Att. 7, 
13. Il]. oretaste, sample: ik 
gustus, is: I wished to give you a t., g. 
tibi dare volui, Sen. Ep. 114, 18: @ t. of 
our verse-making, versificationis nostrae 
G5) Colo Tit 2 2. libamentum (a 
small portion taken as a t.): to give 
a little t. of dialectics, breve ex dialec- 
tica |. dare, Gell. 16, 8, ad jfin.: the poet. 
form libamen, inis, occurs in Ov. Her. 
4, 27. 
taste (v.): |. Trans.: ib 
gusto, 1 (constr. with acc. or de): they 
think it unlawful to t. the hare, leporem 
g. fas non putant, Caes. B. G. 5, 12: to 
t. water, aquam g., Cic. Fam. 7, 26: fo t. 
a little of the draught, g. de potione, 
Suet. Tit. 2: cf. Hor. S. 2,5, 82, Orell. 
Fig.: tot. the sweetness of life, g. sua- 
vitatem vitae, Cie. Tusc. 1, 39,93: to t. 
liberty, g. libertatem, id. Rep. 2, 28: to 
t. the blood of the citizens, g. sanguinem 
civilem, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71: to t. slightly, 
g. primis, ut dicitur, labris, id. N. D. 1, 
8, 20. 9. degusto, t: to t. wine, d. 
vinum, Cato R. R. 148: nor was the 
lotos bitter to him who t.d it, nec degus- 
tanti lotos amara fuit, Ov. Pont. 4, 10, 
18. Fig.: to t. the same Iind of life, 
eandem vitam d., Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61: 
to t. the supreme power, d. imperium, 
Tac. A. 6, 20. 3. libo, 1 (to take a 
little from) : bees €. the streams, apes 
fiumina libant, Virg. G. 4, 54: to t. the 
liver, 1. jecur, Liv. 25, 16, ad init.: 
to t. a little of the drink, |. potionem 
gustu, Tac. A. 13, 16. 4, délibo, 1: 
to t. a very little meat, d. paullulum 
carnis, Petr. 136, 1. Fig.: to t=. a new 
honour, d. novum honorem, Liv. 5, 12, 
ad fin.: Ov Pbhr.: to try by t.ing, 
gustu explorare, Tac. A. 12, 66° to t. 
wine and spit it out again, pytissare, 
Ter Heaut. 3, 1, 48: a fountain that 
cannot be t.d, fons ingustabilis, Plin. 2, 
106, 110: to t. the grass, herbam attin- 
gere, Virg. E. 5, 26: the inside of a 
bream as yet unt.d, ingustata ilia rhom- 
bi, Hor.S. 2, 8, 30: not to t. death, Ach- 
eronta fugere, id. Od. 3, 3, 16 (gustare 
mortem is only found in Eccl. and very 
late authors). J, Intrans.: 1, 
sapio, Ivi or ii, 3 (with adv. or acc. that 
denotes the t.)- the oil will t. bad, oleam 
male sapiet, Cato R. R. 66,1. the fish 
t.s of the very sea, piscis s. ipsum mare, 
Sen. N. Q. 3, 18, 2: he asked how the 
monkey would t., quaesivit quidnam 
saperet simius, Phaedr. 3, 4, 3. a 
résipio, 3 to ¢. of iron, r. ferrum, Varr 
R. R. 1, 54, ad fin.: it is a fault to t. of 
an: thing at all, vitium est omnino quid- 
quam r., Plin. 31, 3, 22. Fig.: a man 
who byno means t.s of his country, homo 
minime resipiens (@/. respiciens) pa- 
triam, Cic. N. D. 2, 17, 46. Phr.. to 
smell and t. like saffron, odorem croci 
saporemque reddere, Plin. 36, 23, 55, 
extr.: discourse that t.s of the city, 
sermo praeferens gustum quendam ur- 
bis, Quint. 6, 3, 17: t.ing of the peculiar 
flavour of Athens, reddens Athenarum 
proprium saporem, id, 6, 3, 107: V. 
SMACK OF. 
838 





TAUNT 


taste again: régusto, 1 to f. one’s 
bile over again, r. bilem, Sen. Prov. 3, 
13 to t. the panegyric again (i. e. read 
it mile laudationem r., Cic. Att. 13, 48 


eforehand: 1. praegusto, 

1: Ov.: Juv. 9. praelibo, 1: Stat. 
tasteful: |, Lit.: sapidus, App. 
vy. SAVOURY ll. Fig.: 1, élégans: 


a t. letter, e. epistola, Cic. Att. 16, 13: t., 
not gorgeous, e., non magnificus, Nep. 
Att. 13, 5: a fine and t. writer, subtilis 
scriptor atque e., Cic. Brut. 9, 35: @ ¢. 
choice of words, e. verborum delectus, 
id. ib. 78, 272. 9. pérelégans (very 
t.): a most t. and polished speech, p. et 
persubtilis oratio, Cic. Plane. 24, 58. 
3, concinnus (neat in arrangement) : 
one or two rather t. verses, unus et alter 
concinnior versus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74. 
Join: c. et elegans, Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 13 - 
Vv. REFINED, ELEGANT. 
tastefully : 1, éléganter: fo 
speak t., e. dicere, Cic. Brut. 22, 86: very 
t., pereleganter, id. 52, 157. 9. con- 
cinne (neatly): dressed elegantly and t., 
vestita ( fem.) lepide et c., Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 
48: Cic. 3, scite (skilfully): to ar- 
range a banquet t., convivium s. exor- 
nare, Sall. Jug. 85: a young she-goat t. 
seulptured, capella s. facta, Cic. Verr. 2, 
35. 87. Phr.: fo avvange anything t., 
concinnare aliquid, Pl. Men. 1, 1, 26: @ 
little table t. laid out, concinnaticia men- 
sula, App. M. 2, p. 119. 
tastefulness: Clégantia: v. TASTE 
(subs.), B., 1. 
tasteless: |. Lit.: 1, insulsus 
(without salt: hence wnstpid): more t. 
food, cibus insulsior, Hier. Ep. 22, n. 40: 
O throat that longs for t. things, O gu- 
lam i., Cic. Att. 13, 31,extr. Q, fatu- 
us: t. beetroot, f. betae, Mart. 13, 13, I. 
3. vapidus (having lost its flavour, 
flat): t. wine, v. vinum, Col. 12, 5, init. 
4, insipidus: Firm. Math. 2, 12: 
Vv. INSIPID. 5, expr. by a phr.: as, 
water is t., sine sapore est aqua, Plin. 
15, 27, 32: the venison is t., nil dama 
sapit, Juv. 11, 121. ll. Fig.: iff 
inélégans: a physical meaning that is 
not t., physica ratio non i., Cic. N. D. 2, 
24, 64. 9. insulsus: a man that is 
sharp and not ¢., acutus nec i homo, 
Cic. Tuse. 1, 8, 15: a@ very t. fellow, in- 
sulsissimus homo, Catul. 17, 12. , 
inconcinnus (devoid of neatness) : a boor- 
ish and t. roughness, asperitas agrestis et 
i., Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 6: ¢. im some respect, 
in aliquo genere i., Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17: 
V. COARSE, INELEGANT, RUDE. Phr.: O 
foolish and t. generation ! O seclum in- 
sipiens et infacetum, Catul. 43, 8. 
tastelessly: 1. inéléganter: to 
write t., i. scribere, Cic. Brut. 26, Iot. 
2. insulse: to do anything t., i. ali- 
quid facere, Cic. Att. 15, 4, ad intt. 
tastelessness: insulsitas : 
the t. of the speeck, i. orationis, Cic. Brut. 
82, 284: the t.of the villa, i. villae, id. 
Att. 13,29. Q, inelégantia: Gai. 1, 34. 
taster; praegustator (a person who 
tastes a meal beforehand Lo ascertain its 
quality) : Suet. Claud. 44. 
tasting (subs.): gustus, Us: Vv. TASTE 
A., LI). 


tatter: pannus, pannilus: v. Rac. 

tattered; pannosus: v. RAGGED. 
Join: p. et squalidus, Just. 21, 5. 

tattle: garrio, 4: v. PRATE, CHATTER. 

tattler; garralus: v. TALKER, CHAT- 
TERBOX. 

tattoo (subs.): *sonus tympani ves- 
pertinus: to beat the t., milites revocare 
signo vespertino (Kr.). 

tattoo (v.): expr. by phr.: @ savage 
tld in the Thracian fashion, barbarus 
compunctus notis Threiciis, Cic. Off. 2, 
4, 25: the men t. their bodies, mares cor- 
pora sua inscribunt, Plin. 22, 1,2: to t, 
the whole body, corpus omne notis per- 
signare, Mel. 1, 19, ad med. 

taunt (subs.): 1, opprobrium 
(not in Cic.): to be stung by unfounded 
ts, morderi 0. falsis, Hor. Kp. 1, 16, 38: 
to utter course t.s, o. rustica fundere, id. 
ib, 2, 1 146: it is shameful that these t.s 
could wt be gainsaid, pudet haec o, 
non potuisse refelli, OV M.1,758. 2. 





TAWDRILY 


convicium (abuse): to be assailed with 
t.s, c. urgeri, Cic. Acad. 2, 40,125 cone 
sectari, id. Att. 2, 18, ad imit.: t. endure 
daily t.s, c. quotidianum sustinere, iu. 
Quint. 19.62. 3, convicidlum (cimin. 
of preced.): to assail with t.s, c, laces- 
sere, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28, 4. 4. 
scomma, atis, n.: Macr. Phr_: stinging 
t.s, aculei contumeliarum, Cic. de Or. 2, 
55,222: to assail with foul-mouthed t.s, 
verborum contumeliis incesto ore lacer- 
are, id. Phil. 11, 2, 5: the brothers bandy 
very bitter t.s in alternate verses, alternis 
versibus intorquentur inter fratres grav- 
issimae contumeliae, id. Luse. 4, 36, 7]: 
Vv. SARCASM, REPROACH. 

taunt (v.): 1, objicio, jéci, jectnm, 
3 (to cast in cne’s teeth. constr. with 
dat. of the person, and ace. of the thing, 
or abl. with de): to t. any one with his 
low birth, ignobilitatem alicui o., Cic. 
Phil. 3, 6,15: tot. us with the death of 
Caesar, de morte Cacsaris nobis 0., id. 
Fam. 11, 3, 2: to t. him with having 
brought poets into the province, 0. quod 
poetas in provinciam duxisset, id. Tusc 
1,2,3. 2, figo, xi, xum, 3 (to pierce); 
to t. any one with insulting words, f, 
aliquem maledictis, Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 93: 
to t. one’s opponents, f. adversarios, id. 
Or. 26, 89. 3, vellico, 1 (to twit): to 
t. one in society, in circulis v., Cic. Balb. 
26, 57: Hor. 4, convicior, 1 (¢o re- 
vile): to accuse in earnest rather than 
to t., accusare vere potius quam c., Liv. 
42, 41.  §, sugillo, t (prop. to beat 
black and blue): Liv. 4, 35. 6. op- 
probro, 1 (no perf.): do you t. me with 
clownishness ? rus tu mihi opprobras ? 
PL. Truc. 2, 2, 15. 7, exprobro, 1: v. 
UPBRAID, REPROACH. Phr.: to é. any- 
body, contumeliam in aliquem jacere, 
Cic. Sull. 7, 23 (where objicere also oc- 
curs): to t. with bitter words, dictis am- 
aris incessere, Ov. ‘I'r. 3, 11, 31: to scoff 
and t. (the enemy) from the walls, irri- 
dere ex muro atque increpitare vocibus, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 30. 

taunting (adj.): contiimélidsus. v. 
SARCASTIC, STINGING. 

taunting (subs.): vellicatio (the act 
of twitting): to avoid t., vellicationes 
effugere, Sen. Vit. Beat. 5, 3: v. also 
TAUNT. 

tauntingly: contiimeliose: v. BIT- 
TERLY, SARCASTICALLY. 

tautological, tautology; no exact 
word. (Mart. Cap. 5, 175, has tautdlogia, 
which Quint. 8, 3, 50 writes as a Greek 
word, and defines to be ejusdem verbi 
aut sermonis iteratio.) Expr. by con- 
geries verborum ac sententiarum idem 
significantium, Quint. 8, 4, 26: to be t, 
perh. verba inaniter accumulare, after 
Gell, 17, 10, ad fin. 

tavern: 1, caupona: Cic. Pis. 22. 
53: Hor. 2. cauponiila (dimin. of 
preced.)- he lay hid in a certain little t., 
and there in concealment he drank deeply 
till eventide, delituit in quadam c. atque 
ibi se occultans perpotavit ad vesperam, 
Cic. Phil. 2, 31,77. 3, taberna (a gen. 
term for a shop, hence usually joined to 
adjs.): a common t., cauponia t., Ulp. 
Dig. 23, 2, 43,9 1: @ wine t,, t. vinaria, 
Varr. L. L. 8, 30,117: an ale-house or t., 
*t. cerevisiaria (Kr.): @ ¢. f. (without 
any adj.), Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 24: the Thre 
Ts (a town of Latium on the Appian 
road), Tres T., Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1. 
taberniila (dimin. of preced.), App. M. 
9, p-237: Varr. §, thermépdlium (@ep- 
porwAvov, @ shop where hot drinks are 
sold, a grog-shop): Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 13. 

6. oendpolium (oivoTwActov, a wine- 

shop): Pl. Asin. 1, 3, 48. 7, cau- 
ponium: Pomp. Dig. 33, 7,15. Pbhr. 
a t.-boy, or pot-boy, puer cauponius, Pl. 
Poen. 5, 5,19: a female attendant in a 
t.,a bar-maid, ministra cauponae, Cod. 
Theodos. 9, 7,1: the sign of a t., scutum 
signi gratia positum, Quint. 6, 3, 38. 

—— -keeper: caupo, Cic. Hor 
Fem, caupona, App. M.1, p. 105 copa, 
Virg. Cop. 1: to be a t., exercere cau- 
ponam, Uip. Dig. 23, 2, 43, § 9- 

tawdrily: expr by a phr with the 
adj.: Vv. TAWDRY 


TAWDRINESS 


TEACH 


TEACH 





tawdriness: no exact word the 
nearest is perh. fiicus ( paint, dye : hence 
Jdeceit, sham) : without exaggerated col- 
ourrng and childish t., sine pigmentis 
fucoque puerili, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188, 
said of style 

tawdry: noexact word expr. perh. 
by fucdsus, ficatus: a natural, not t. 
brilliancy, naturalis non fucatus nitor, 
Cic. Brut. 9, 36: ¢. wares, merces fucosae, 
id. Rab. Post. 14, 40° a cloak of t. colour, 
lacerna improbi coloris, Sen. Ep. 114, 
21° v. also TINSELLED. 

tawny: 1, fulvus: the ¢. bodies 
of lons, corpora f. leonum, Lucr, 5, 898 : 
the t. covering of a she-wolf, f. tegmen 
lupae, Virg. Aen. 1, 275. Q. ravus 
(defined by Festus to be between yellow 
and bluish gray): a t. she-wolf, r. lupa, 


Hor. Od. 3, 27, 3: Cic. 3. aquilus: v. 
SWARTHY. 
tax (subs.): 1. vectigal, alis, . 


(esp. t. as a source of revenue): a fixed 
t. in money, Vv. stipendiarium, Cic. Verr. 
3,6,12 a t.on the maricet, v. macelli, 
Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 56: a t. on urinals, v. 
urinae, Suet. Vesp. 23: to impose a t., 
v. imponere, Cic. Fontei. 5, 10; indicere, 
Suet. Calig. 41: to impose a fixed t. on 
eatables, pro eduliis v. certum statutum- 
que exigere, id. ib. 40: to impose a new 
t. on the year’s produce of salt, v. novum 
ex salaria annona statuere, Liv. 29, 37: 
to superintend, to exact, to pay a t., v. 
exercere, exigere, pensitare, Cic. Manil. 
6, 16: topay at. for water, v. pro aqua 
pendere, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9: to revive obso- 
lete t.s, omissa v. revocare, Suet. Vesp. 
16: to relieve of a t., vectigali levare, 
Cic. Brut. 36, 136; liberare, id. Q. Fr. 1, 
1,9, 26 to lease out the t.s, v. locare, id. 
Agr. I, 3,7: to farm tie t.s, v. redimere, 
Caes.B G.1,18: adj. vectigalis: money 
paid by way of t., pecunia v., Cic. Verr. 
I, 35, 89. Q. stipendium (a fixed t. 
payable in money): to impose, receive a 
t.: to refuse to pay a t., s. imponere, 
capere; de s. recusare, Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 
ad init.: to free from t.s, s. liberare, id. 
B. G. 5, 27. 3. tributum (a stated 
payment) : to impose a poll-t., in capita 
singula t. imponere, Caes. B. C. 3, 32: 
they all pay t.s yearly according to their 
rating, omnes quotannis ex censu t. con- 
ferunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 53, 131: V. TRIBUTE. 

4, exactio: a very cruel poll and 
house-t., acerbissima e. capitum atque 
ostiorum, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5: public t.s, 
publicae e., Asin. Pollio in Cic. Fam. 10, 
32,1: unlauful t.s, e. illicitae, Tac. A. 
13, 51. 5, indictio (the imposition of 
at.): a temporary t.,i. temporaria, Paul, 
Dig. 33,2, 28. 6. censitio: to lighten 
the t.s, c. levare, Spart. Pescenn. Nigr. 
",extr. "J, Onus, dnéris, n. (a burden) : 
to lay such heavy t.s on the people, tan- 
tum oneris plebi imponere, Cic. Verr. 2, 
55,138° a town subject to very heavy t.s, 
municipium maximis 0. pressum, id. 
Fam. 13, 7, 2° free from all t.s, ab 
omni onere immunes, Suet. Claud. 25. 

8, pensio: Aur. Vict. Phr.: (i) 
Ts named from particular objects: a t. 
on bachelors, uxorium (sc. aes), Fest.: a 
t. on doors (i. e. house-t.), ostiarium, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 32: a t. on imports or ex- 
ports, portorium, id. B. G. 1, 18: a ped- 
ler’s t., portorium circumvectionis, Cic. 
Att. 2, 16, ad fin.: a t. on pillars, co- 
lumnarium, id. Att. 13, 6, init.: a t. on 
public pastures, scriptura, id. Fam. 13, 
65: a t. paid by Jews into the imperial 
treasury, fiscus Judaicus, Suet. Dom. 12. 
(ii.) T.s expressed by the percentage 
levied: a t. of one-half per cent., ducent- 
esima, Tac. A. 2, 42: @ t. of 1 per cent. 
on things bought and sold, centesima 
rerum venalium, id. A. 1, 78: a tax of 
2 per cent., of 24 per cent., quinqua- 
gesima, quadragesima, id. A. 13, 51: @ 
t. of 5 per cent., vicesima, Cic. Att. 2, 16° 
a t.of 10 per cent., decima (decuma), 
V. TITHE. a t. oF 12+ per cent., octava, 
Cod. Justin. 4, 61, 7: a t. of 2 denarii, 
dinumium, Cod. Theod. 14, 27. 2. (iii) 
States free from t.s: immunes civitates, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 40, 92. Join: immunes 
et liberi, id. ib. 2, 69, 166: to appoint 


| some one to superintend the t.s, aliquem 
| vectigalibus publicis praeponere, Tac. A. 
15,18: to farm the public t.s, conducere 
publica, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 77: one who 
farms the t.s, publicanus, Cic. Prov. 
Cons. §, 10: V PARM: @ t.collected every 
5 years, collatio lustralis, Cod. ‘Theod, 
13, tit. 1. 
tax (v.): |. To impose a t.: expr. 
by vectigal, stipendium imponere, in- 
dicere, v. TAX (subs.): or by censére, 
v. ASSESS. Fig.: onus imponere, v. 
BURDEN Phr.: he t.s himself to the 
utmost, contendit omnes nervos, Cic. Fat. 
Io, 21: to t. a bill of costs (leg. t.t.), 
perh. aestimare litem. |], 7o upbraid, 
twit: taxo, 1: he ts him with his di- 
vorce, t. divortium sunm, Suet, Dom. Io, 
ad jin.: V. REPROACH, CHARGE, 
taxable: vectigalis, Cic. Verr. 3, 34, 
79: stipendiarius, Cues, B. G, 1, 30. 





Phr.: are those farms t.? sintne ista 
praedia censui censendo? Cic. Flac. 32, 
80. 
tax-collector, tax-gatherer: 1. 
exactor . the province crammed with t.s, 
provincia differta exactoribus, Caes. B. C. 
3, 32: Liv. 2, coactor: a t., c. exac- 
tionum, Suet, Vita Hor. : or c. alone, Hor. 
S.1, 6,86. 3. proctirator (an official 
under the Empire: 6 in Ov.): Tac. A. 
12, 60. 4, alibarches, ae, m. (adAa- 
Bapxns, from adaBa, ink): Cic. Att. 2, 
11, ad fin.: Juv. 1, 130. 5, portitor 
(a collector of import and export dues) : 
Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 61: id. Rep. 4, 7. 6. 
allector (a provincial t.): Inscr.: the 
office of a t., allectura, Inscr. 7. vec- 
tigaliarius: Firm. Math. 3, 13. 8 
télonarius (evllector of customs): Cod 
Theod. 11, 28, 3, extr. 9, mittenda- 
rius (one sent into the provinces to 
collet): Cod. Theod. 6, 30, 2. 10. 
capitilarius (a t.’s assistant): Cod. 12, 
29, 2. 
a ataveh *taxiarchus: in Cic. Att. 
16, 11, ad med, the word is written 
Takvapxns- 
ea: |. The plant: *thea Sinensis: 
black t., *thea Bohea. green t., * thea 
viridis, Linn. |]. The drink: *de- 
coctus, potus theae: potus or calda 
Sinensis. Phr.: a t-caddy, * pyxis 
theae: a ¢.-cup, *pocillum ansatum in 
scutella positum: a t.-kettle, * aénum 
(abenum) operculatum: a t.-pot, * vas- 
culum theae decoquendae; @ t.-tray, 
abacus disponendis scutellis caldae Sin- 
ensis: a t.-spoon, cochlear, aris, 7., Vv. 
SPOON: a t.-urn, nearest word perh. 
authepsa (Cic. Rose. Am. 46, 133: V. 
Smith’s Dict. Ant. sub voc.): to drink 
a cup of t., * pocillum theae haurire: to 
invite a person to drinic t., *invitare ali- 
quem ad theae potum una sorbendum: 
a t.-party, *circulus eorum qui theae 
potum una sorbendum convenerunt. 
(Chiefly from Kr.). 
teach: 1, ddceo, cui, ctum, 2 
(with double acc., or with one of them 
omitted: with one acc. in pass.: with 
acc. and infin.: also ellipt. with abl.): 
to t. some one an art, d. aliquem artem, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 216: to t. boys the 
AB C,d. pueros elementa, Hor. Ep. 1, 
20,17: to t. those desirous of learning, 
studiosos discendi d., Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156: 
she delights to be taught the dances of 
Tonia, motus doceri gaudet Ionicos, Hor. 
Od. 3, 6,21: I envy your teacher who 
Jor such high pay t.s you to know no- 
thing, invideo magistro tuo qui te tanta 
mercede nihil sapere doceat, Cic. Phil. 2, 
4, 8: he taught Socrates the lyre, So- 
cratem fidibus (sc. canere) docuit, id. 
Fam. 9, 22, 3: to t. the use of horse and 
arms, d. equo armisque (sc. uti), Liv. 
29,1: Tyrannio t.s in my house, Tyran- 
nio docet apud me, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2. 
92, Griidio, 4 (to render one polished 
by instruction, to instruct : constr. with 
acc. of the person and abl. of the thing, 
with or without the prep. in: some- 
times, as in the poets, with double acc. 
or a clause): to t. youth by labours, 
laboribus e. juventutem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
14, 34: gladiators taught under the same 
| master, gladiatores sub eodem magistro | 


eruditi, Quint. 2, 17, 33: to t. any one 


| the arts, e. aliquem artibus, Cic. Fam. 1, 


7,11: tot. any one civil law, e. aliquem. 
in jure civili, id. de Or. 1, §9, 253: pros 
perity, adversity has taught me, se- 
cundae, adversae res me erudierunt, 
Liv. 30, 30: philosophy has taught us tu 
aspire to greatness of soul, plilosophis 
nos ad magnitudinem animi erudivit 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64: she has taught thee 
the laws. te leges erudiit, Stat. Theb. 10, 
507: she teaches by what means they may 
be caught, qua possint erudit arte capi, 
Ov. F. 3, 294. Join: docere atque e., 
Cic. Div.2, 2, 4; €. atque docere, id. 
Off. 1, 44, 156. 8. instruo, xi, ctum, 
3: the arts by which we are taught, artes 
quibus instruimur, Cic. Coel. 30, 72: it 
seems that he must be taught the know- 
ledge of things, notitia rerum instruendus 
videtur, Quint. 4, 2, 24: Vv. INSTRUCT, IN- 
FORM, 4, instituo, ui, fitum, 3 (to ¢, 
by a course of training): Socrates when 
quite old was not ashamed to be taught 
the lyre, Socrates jam senex institui lyra 
(sc. canere) non erubescebat, Quint. 1, 
Io, 13: to t. one to speak, i. aliquem ad 
dicendum, Cic. de Or. 2, 39, 162: to t. 
one’s mind to think, i. animum ad cogi- 
tandum, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 10: is it thus you 
t. young men? sic tu i. adolescentes? 
Cic. Coel. 17, 39: he was the first to t. 
agriculture to speak Latin, agricolation- 
em primus Latine loqui instituit, Col. 
I,1, 12.. Join i. atque erudire, Cic, 
Verr. 3, 69, 161 : v. TRAIN. 5, Eddceo, 
cui, ctum, 2 (to t. thoroughly, inform: 
constr. with double acc.; in pass. with 
acc. of the thing, or a clause): those 
whom he had taught what he wished 
to be said, hi quos edocuerat, quae dici 
vellet, Caes. B. G. 7, 38: the king being 
at last taught that there were gods, rex 
edoctus tandem deos esse, Liv. 29, 18, 
ad init.: the system in which he had 
been taught, disciplina in qua erat 
edoctus, id. 24, 4 (where the latest edd. 
read eductus)* v. INFORM. 6. per- 
déceo, cui, ctum, 2 (to t. thoroughly - 
rare): taught by experience itself, usu 
ipso perdoctus, Cic. Balb. 27, 60: Quint. 
Ov. 7, conddcéfacio, féci, factum, 3 
(to t. or train together: rare)- to t. 
brutes, c. belluas, Cic. N. D. 2, 64. 161 
to t. one’s mind to be able to despise 
those things, c. animum ut ea possit 
contemnere, id. Tusc. 5, 31, 87 8. 
addéceo, cui, ctum, 2 (to t. in addition: 
very rare: dub. in Cic.): tipsiness t.s 
the arts in addition, ebrietas addocet 
artes, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 18. 9, subdidceo, 
cui, ctum, 2 (to ¢. as an assistant) 
that they should be taught by my labour 
as an assistant -teacher, meo labore 
subdoceri, Cic. Att. 8, 4: to be assistant- 
teacher to @ grammarian, s. gram 
matico, Aug. Conf. 8, 6, ad init. 10. 
déddceo, cui, ctum, 2 (to t. the contrary, 
unteach): she t.s them not to use false 
terms, falsis d. vocibus uti, Hor. Od. 2, 
2, 20: they must be restrained rather 
than taught the contrary, coercendi 
magis quam dedocendi, Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 
51 ll, trado, didi, ditum, 3 (also 
transdo: to t. by handing down, to 
deliver by t.ing): to t. the rudiments 
of speaking, t. elementa dicendi, Cic. 
Acad. 2, 28, 92: to t. the rudiments of 
trades and crafts, operum atque arti- 
ficiorum initia t., Caes. B. G. 6, 17: they 
t. many things concerning the heavenly 
bodies, multa de sideribus transdunt, id. 
B. G. 6, 14, extr.: lo t. men virtue, t 
virtutem hominibus, Cic. de Or 1, 58, 
248. Join t. et docere, id. Fin. 4, 4, 9. 
12. praecipio, cépi, ceptum (fo give 
precepts, to t. by rule): to t. the art of 
swimming, p. artem nandi, Ov. Tr. 2, 
486° justice t.s us to spare all, justitis 
praecipit parcere omnibus, Cic. Rep. 3, 
12: tot. young men, p. Juvenibus, Suet. 
Gram, 10: ¢t. me a mournful song, prae- 
cipe lugubres cantus, Hor. Od. 1, 24, 2. 
to t. respecting eloquence, p. de elo 
quentia, Cic. de Or, 2, 11, 48. I readilg 
grant that they lived as they t., ut prae 
ceperint, ita vixisse, facile concesserim 
Quint. 1, prooem.15. Join. p.etdocere 
839 


TEACHABLE 





TEAR 


TEAR 





Sic. Rep. 1,46. 18, profiteor, fessus, 
2 {to t. publicly. ( as an art): to t. 
philosophy, p. philosophiam, Cic. Pis. 29, 
41 he was removed to Sicily, where he 
now %.s, translatus est in Siciliam, ubi 
nunc profitetur, Plin. Ep. 4, 11, ad fin. 

teachable. 1. docilis (mo sup.) : 
Re ist. who is willing to listen attentively, 
d. est qui vult attente audire, Auct. Her. 
4,7 Vv pociLe. Q, docibilis; Tert. 

teachableness docilitas, Cic.; v. 
DOCILITY 

teacher: 1 doctor: ts of rhe 
toric, rhetorici d., Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 86: 
artists and t.s of eloquence, dicendi arti- 
fices et d., id. ib. 1, 6, 23. to send for 
some one to be his son’s t., accire aliquem 
filio d., id. ib. 3, 35, 141. (Apollo) t. of 
the melodious muse, d. argutae Thaliae, 
Hor. Od. 4, 6, 25. 2. magister (a 
master): t.s of the liberal arts, artium 
liberalium m., Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 35: very 
able t.s from Greece, exquisiti e Graecia 
m., id. Brut. 27, 104 a dry ¢.,m. aridus, 
Quint, 2, 4, 8: a@ school-t., literarius m., 
Vopisc. Tac. 6, 5 to discharge the 
office of ¢., magistri personam sustinere, 
Suet. Gram. 24 é.s to whom we send our 
children, m. ad quos liberos mittimus, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 13¢: boys are trained 
under ¢.s, pueri apud, m, exercentur, id. 
ib. 1, 57. 244: slale repetitions weary 
wretched t.s to death, occidit miseros 
crambe repetita m., Juv. 7, 154: I wish 
you to be my t.in this matter, te uti in 
hac re magistro volo, Cic. Caecin. (1, 32. 
experience is the bist t., usus m. est 
optimus, id. Rab. Post.4,9 . the pen, the 
best t. of eloquence, stilus, optimus di- 
cendi m., id de Or 1, 33, 150: f.-tra 
philosophy, the t. of morals, philosophia, 
m. morum, id. Tusc. 5, 2, 5. 3, prae- 
ceptor (one who teaches by rule or sys- 
tem): they willed that the t. should be 
in the stead of a revered parent, p. 
sancti voluere parentis esse loco, Juv. 
5, 209 not merely a t., but, moreover, 
a guardian and tutor must be sought 
Jor, non mod» p, sed etiam custos rector- 
que quaerendus est, Plin. Ep. 3, 3, ad 
med.: your t:s and instructors in virtue, 
vestri p. et virtutis magistri, Cic. Mur. 
31,65. ts of the way of Life, p. vivendi, 
id. Inv 1, 25, 35 there is need of the 
most distinguished t.s, praestantissimis 
p. opus est, Quint. 1, 1, Io: f. -trix. 
Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43 4, auctor (com. 
gen.: one who originates anything: a 
leader or .): with Cratippus for your 
t., Cratippo auctore, Cic. Off. 2, 2,8- a 
most famous t. of divine and human 
law, divini humanique juris a. celeber- 
rimus, Vell. 2, 26,2 Liv. 1,59. Join: 
a. et magister, Cic. Or. 3, 10 a. et prae- 
ceptor, id. Phil. 2, 6, 14. 5. professor 
fa public t.): a somewhat noted t., non 
vbscurus p., Quint. 2, 15, 36: a t. of elo- 
quence, p. eloquentiae, Suet. Rhet. 5: 
adj.: professorius Vac. A. 13, 14, ad 
fir. 6, institator’ Lampr. Comm. 
r7 7, Graditor: Tert. Pall. 4: f 
-trix, Flor. 2, 6, 38. 8, tradens, ntis 
(prop. a part. one who teaches): it is 
the fault of the t., culpa tradentis est, 
Quint. 3. 6, 59. 9. vates, is, comm. 
(an authority): a €. of medicine, medi- 
cinae v., Plin. 11, 37, 89. 10. expr. 
by special words to express the subjects 
taught: as, a €. of eloquence, rhetor, Cic. 
de Or. 1,18, 84 aé. of grammar, gram- 
maticus, Quint. 2,4, 1: at. of language, 
grammatista, Suet. Gram. 4 (q. v.) 
grammiatddidascalus, Mart. Cap. lit- 
ério, Amm. 17, I1, 1: a t. of oratory, 
déclamator, Cic. Or 15,47 at. of read- 
ing and writing, literator, App. Flor. 
p- 363 a school-t., \udimagister, Cic. 
N_ D. 1, 26, 72 (ludi magister, al.). 
Phr - professvonal ts, ii qui sé docere 
profitentur, id. ib 1, 5, 10 he did not 
place hvmself under any t., nemini se 
ad docendum dabat, 1d. Brut. 89, 306° 
taught under Greek t.s, Graecis institu- 
tionibus eruditi, 1d. N. D. 1, 4, 8: are 
you a & of declamation? declamare 
doces? Juv 9. 150 an under-t., pro- 
schélus, Aug.: v. subdoceo, 2, under 
TEACH. 


teaching: 1. doctrina ¢. tm- 
proves the innate strength, d. vim pro- 
movet insitam, Hor. Od. 4, 4,33 things 
not handed down by t., non doctrina tra- 
dita, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208 to seek the 
help of t., quaerere adjumenta doctrinae, 
id. Mur, 30, 63 that course of t. which 
the Greeks call “ the circle of arts and 
sciences,’ orbis ille doctrinae quam 
Graeci éyxukAov Tacdecav vocant, Quint. 
I, 10, I 2, disciplina: the t. of boys, 
d. puerilis, Cic. Rep. 4, 3: to be placed 
under some one’s t., alicui in disciplinam 
tradi, id. Div. 1, 41, 92: there will be no 
t. superior to this, nulla erit hac prae- 
stantior d., id, Fam. 1, 7, 11. some sys- 
tems of t. overthrow all moral. obligation, 
nonnullae d. officium omne pervertunt, 
id. Off. 1, 2, 5 3. traditio: bald and 
dry t., jejuana atque arida t., Quint. 3, 1, 
3 Tac. 4, Griditio. that t. in school 
is preferable to t. at home, potiorem in 
scholis esse e, quam domi, Quint. 2, 3, Io: 
Cic. 5, imstititio~. v. INSTRUCTION, 
EDUCATION 6. professio (the public 
t. of anything): the t. of grammar, p. 
grammaticae, Suet. Gram. 8. Phr.: 
we are corrupted by various kinds of 
false t., variis imbuimur erroribus, Cic. 
Tuse. 3, I, 2. 

teak: *tectona grandis, Linn. (In- 
dian t.). 

teal: perh. querquediila, Varr. R. R. 
3,3 *anas crecca, Linn 

team : 1, protélum (cattle har- 
nessed together for draught): a t. of 
oxen, p.boum, Plin 9, 15,17: three omen 
in a t. will draw a single plough, protelo 
trini boves unum aratrum ducent, Cato 
in Non. 363, 10 2. jugales, pl. masc. 
(sc. eqni, boves, etc.: animals yoked 
together): two t.s, gemini j., Virg. Aen. 
7-280: V YOKE. 

teamster: *qui protelum agit: v. 
DRIVER. 

tear : [abit 1, lacrima : 
briny t.s, salsae L, Lucr, 1, 125: hot t.s, 
1. tepentes, Tib. 2, 5, 77: calidae, Cels. 
6, 6, ad init. s dropping, or fast-falling 
t.s, 1. rorantes, Lucr. 2, 917 senseless 
and unseasonable t.s, absurdae atque 
abhorrentes 1., Liv. 30, 44: fruitless t.s, 
1, nihil proficientes, Sen. Cons. ad Poly. 
4,15 inanes, Virg. Aen. 4, 449 “croco- 
dile’s t.s,” 1. confectae dolis, Ter. Andr. 
3, 3, 26 cf. “uberibus lacrimis sem- 
perque paratis,’ Juv 6,273 (q.v.) to 
draw t.s, 1. movere, Quint. 4, 2, 773 
concitare, id. If, 3, 83; ciere, Virg. Aen. 
6, 468; excire (alicui), Tac. A. Ir, 23 
commovere, Curt 5, 5,7, excutere, Ter. 
Heaut. 1, 1, 1155 elicere, Pl. Trin. 2, 2, 
13 aman most clever in drawing t.s, 
vir movendarum I. peritissimus, Plin. 
Ep. 2, 11: natural relationship wrings 
t.s from us, |.s exprimit naturalis neces- 
sitas, Sen. Ep. 99, 18: to cause one many 
a t., multas alicui 1. afferre, Cic. Att. 12, 
13 with t.s standing in her bright eyes, 
lacrimis oculos suffusa nitentes, Virg. 
Aen. I, 228 the ts long repressed ran 
down her face, suspensaeque diu lL. fluxere 
per ora, Ov. Am. 1, 7,57 when t.s long 
checked gained the mastery and broke 


forth, cum diu prohibitae 1. vincerent 


prorumperentque, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5: 
t.s start to my eyes for joy, prae laetitia 
1, prosiliunt, Pl. Stich. 3, 2, 13 (prae- 
siliunt, al.): to melt into t.s, lacrimis 
exstillare, Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 823; fatiscere 
in lacrimas, Val. FL. 3, 395 t.s flow of 
their own accord, 1. eunt sua sponte, 
Sen. Ep. 99, 20 to burst into ¢.s, ire in 
lacrimas, Stat. Theb 11, 193% effundi 
in lacrimas, Tac. A. 1, II; or, lacrimis, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 6515 or, ad 1., Liv. 44, 
31, extr.: on the arrival of her friends 
t.s came into her eyes, adventu suorum 
|. obortae, id. 1,58 to give way to t.s, 
lacrimis indulgere, Ov. M. 9, 142; se 
tradere, dare, Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 23 Tusc. 
2, 21, 48 &s run down from my eyes, 
ex oculis 1. descendunt, Pl. Merc. 3, 4, 
4: his t.s roli idly down, \. volvuntur 
inanes, Virg. Aen. 4, 449: t.s flow down, 
1. fluunt, Ov M 2, 364; excidunt, Sen. 
Ep. 99, 15; decurrunt, id. ib. 63,1 the 
man’s tears flow like a child’s for joy, 








homini 1, cadunt quasi puero gaudio, 
Ter. Ad. 4, I, 20 @ few ts trickle 
down my cheeks, manat rara meas 1. 
per genas, Hor. Od. 4, 1, 34. t.s burst 


Forth in grief or flow through joy, 1 


erumpunt gaudio aut laetitia manant, 

Quint. 11, 3, 75 to shed t.s, 1. effund- 

ere, Cic. Plane. 42, tor; fundere, Virg. 

Aen. 3, 348, profundere, Cic. Fontei. 

17, 38; perfundere, Ov. H. 11, 1153 L 

dare, Virg. Aen. 4, 370: toshed t.s of joy, 

1. gaudio effundere, Liv. 27, 19, ad fin. : 

the marble rock sheds t.s, 1. marmora 
manant, Ov. M. 6, 312: to shed a flood 
of t.s, vim lacrimarum profundere, Cic. 
Rep. 6,14 she bedews the grass with a 
stream of t.s, humectat. lacrimarum gra- 
mina rivo, Ov. M. 9, 656: t.s run down 
her bosom like a river, perque sinum 1. 
fluminis instar eunt, id. H. 8, 62: every- 
thing is swimming with t.s, lacrimis 
omnia plena madent, Tib. 1, 9 (8), 54: 
Niobe rains t.s, Niobe lacrimas depluit, 
Prop. 2, 16, 8: te mar the eyes with t.s, 
lacrimis oculos foedare, Tib. 2, 6, 43: to 
bathe ones face in t.s, lacrimis vultum 
lavare, Ov. M. 9, 680; rigare, Virg. Aen. 
9, 2513 Os opplere, ‘Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 65: 
Iam overcome with t.s, conficior lacrimis, 
Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1: I cannot speak for t.s, 
neque prae 1. loqui possum, id. Mil. 38, 
105. t.s choked her utterance, 1. vocem 
impediere, Ov. M. 13, 745: the shedding 
of t.s relieves the feelings, 1. profusae 
animum levant, Sen. Ep. 99, 15: to bedew 
anything with t.s, tingere aliquid la- 
crimis, Ov. M. 9, 567: to bedew the ashes 
(of the dead) with the tear due to them, 
debita spargere 1. favillam, Hor. Od. 2, 
6, 23: cease to beset my tomb with t.s, 
desine lacrimis urgere sepulcrum, Prop. 
4, 11, 1: to honour with t.s, 1. decorare 
(aliquem), Enn in Cic. Tuse. 1, 49, 117: 
let not my death be unhonoured with 
¢.s, mors mea ne careat L., poet. in Cic., ib. 3 
to laugh till the t.s come, usque ad 1. 
ridere, Petr. 59, 1- to gulp down one’s 
tears, 1. devorare, Ov. Fast. 4, 845. to 
repress t.s, 1. reprimere, Sen. Ep. 63, 13 
sistere, Ov. Fast. 1, 3673; supprimere, 
Albin. 1, 4275 continere, Pl. Most. 3, 
2, 1383; inhibere, Curt. 10, 6, 3: not to 
repress t.s, 1. non tenere, Cic. Verr. 5, 
67, 172: who can keep from t.s? quis 
temperet a l.? Virg. Aen. 2, 8: although 
our t.s ave exhausted our grief remains 
deeply rooted, consumptis |. tamen haeret 
dolor, Cic. Phil. 2, 26, 64: to dry the fall- 
ing t.s, |. siccare cadentes, Prop. 1, 19, 23 

to wipe away t.s, |. detergere, Ov. M. 13, 
746; abstergere, Curt. 5, 5, 8: to kiss 
away one’s t.s, combibere sicco ore L, 
Ov. A. A. 2, 326: a@ t. quickly dries, 
especially over the misfortunes of an- 
other, cito arescit 1. praesertim in ali- 
enis malis, Cic. Part. Or. 14, 51: és 
dry up, |. exarescunt, Cic. Att. 10, 14, 
ad init., inarescunt, Quint. 6, 1, 27. 
Prov.: hence those t.s, “ hine illae 1.” 
Ter, Andr. I, 1, 99. 2. lacrimila 
(dimin. of preced.). to shed t.s copiously, 
l. ubertim fundere, Catul. 66, 17: @ 
Feigned t. which she squeezed out hardly 
and with much difficulty by rubbing 
her eyes, falsa 1. quam oculos terendo 
misere vix vi expresserit, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 
22. you might have seen not merely a 
little t. but many t.s, and weeping, and 
sobbing, non modo }. sed multas lacrimas 
et fletum cum singultu videre potuisti, 
Cic. Plane. 31, 76. 3, flétus, is (@ 
weeping : used both in sing. and pl.): 
Sruitless t.s, f. inanes, Virg. G@. 4, 395: 
pious t.s, pii f., Stat. Silv. 5, 1, 32- 
women’s t.s, f mulierum, Cic. Verr. 4, 
21, 47. %&s unaccompanied by words, 
tacitus f., Liv. 3, 47. 4s and streams 
that bedew the Jace, f. et rigantes ora 
rivi, Plin. 11, 37, 54 with many ts, 
multo cum f., Tac. A. 1, 40: to move 
the people to t.s, f. populo movere, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 53, 228 Virg. Aen. 4, 439: 
to be moved to w fresh outburst of t.s, in 
novos f. excitari, Sen. Ep. 99, 16: to 
shed a flood of t.s, largos effundere f., 
Virg. Aen. 2, 271 ts break forth, 
f. erumpit, Quint. 6. 2, 7: to bathe one’s 
cheeks with t.s, irrigare fletu genas, Sen. 


TEAR 





Phoen. 441° offerings bathed with many 
t.s for a brother’s loss, munera fraterno 
multum manantia f., Catul. 100, 9: to 
repress one's t.s, f. reprimere, Cic. Rep. 
6, 15, init.: comprimere, Stat. Silv. 2, 6, 
12: towipe away one’s t.s, f. alicui abs- 
tergere, Cic. Phil. 14, 13, 34. 4, expr. 
metaph. in the poets by gutta (a drop), 
imber (a rain-shower), ros (dew), humor 
(moisture), fons (a fountain), flumen (a 
stream), aqua (water) : the t. steals fron 
my eyes, labitur ex oculis gutta meis, 
Ov. Tr. 1, 3,4: he bedews his face with 
large t.-drops, guttis humectat grandi- 


bus ora, Virg. Aen. 11, go (said of a} 


horse): t.s for a wife, uxorius imber, 
Stat. Silv. 5, 1, 32: the cheeks are wet 
with mournful t.s, tristi imbre madent 
genae, Catul. 68, 56: to bedew her bosom 
with t.s, spargere imbre sinus, Ov. A. 
3, 6, 68: her eyes fill with hot ts, 
tepido suffundit lumina rore, id. M. 
10, 360: to drop t.s from one’s eyes, 
stillare ex oculis rorem, Hor. A. P. 430: 
a t. stealthily trickles down my cheeks, 
humor in genas furtim labitur meas, id. 
Od. 1, 13,6: my cheeks are ever wet with 
t.s, bument fonte perenne genae, Ov. H. 
8, 64: he waters his face with a flood of 
t.s, largo humectat flumine vultum, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 465: honourable t.s, ho- 
noratae aquae, Prop. 4, 11, 102. Phr.: 
eyes without a t., sicci oculi, Hor. Od. 1, 
3,18: Prop.: myself with t.s in my eyes, 
ipse madens oculis, Stat. Silv. 5, 3, 58: 
he began to entreat with t.s, ille lacri- 
mans orare, Sall. Jug. 107: Liv. 3, 46: 
joy that finds vent in t.s, udum gaudi- 
um, Mart. to, 78, 8: you would have 
drawn t.s from stones, lapides flere 
coégisses, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245: smoke 
that brings t.s into the eyes, lacrimosus 
fumus, Hor. S. 1, 5, 80: war that costs 
many t.s, lacrimosum bellum, id. Od. 1, 
21, 13: nothing worthy of t.s, nil la- 
crimabile, Ov. M. 2,196: he died worthy 
of the t.s of many a good man, wultis 
ille bonis flebilis occidit, Hor. Od. 1, 24, 

: Pluto, who cannot be moved by t.s, 

luto illaerimabilis, id. ib. 2, 14, 6: 


ghosts for whom no t. is shed, animae | 


indefletae, Ov. M. 7, 611. ll. Fig.: 
(applied to inanimate objects:) 1, la- 
crima: the t.s of trees, 1. arborum, Plin. 
11, 6,5: the ts of vines, |. vitium, id. 23, 
praef., § 3: cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 283. 2: 


gutta: Lucr. 1, 349: Ov. M. 10, 500: 


V. DROP, WEEP. 
tear (v.): scindo, scidi, scissum, 3 (a 
more gen. term than ¢., including the 


notion of splitting or cleaving): tot.a. 


garment, s. vestem, Hor. Od. 1, 17, 27: 
to t. the sails, s. vela, PL. Trin. 4, I, 18: 
to t. the hair, s. crines, Virg. Aen. 12, 
870: the asses may t. me with their teeth, 
asini me mordicibus scindant, Pl. Aul. 
2, 2,57. It is sometimes employed in 
several senses which are more usually 
expr. by comps., or by other words: as, 
to t. up a letter, s. epistolam, Cic. Fam. 
5, 20, extr.: to t. down a bridge, s. 
pontem, Tac. H. 5, 26: to t. open one’s 
sorrow (like a wound), s. dolorem, Cic. 
Att. 3, 15, ad init.: to t. asunder the 
tees of kindyed, s. necessitudines, Plin. 
Pan. 37, ad fin. : v. REND. 

—- along v. intr.): Vv. HURRY, 
SCAMPER. Phr.: to t. along the road, 
viam vorare, Catul. 35, 7. 

—— asunder, or to pieces: 1. 
lanio, 1: to t. a man to pieces, 1. ho- 
minem, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3: bodies torn to 
pieces by wild beasts, corpora a feris 


laniata, id. Tusc. 1, 45, 108: to t. a gar- | 


ment to tatters, |. vestem, Ov. M. 5, 398: 
to t. the universe to bits, 1. mundum, id. 
ib. 1, 60: to t. the hair, 1. comas, id. M. 
4,139. Fig.: vices t. the heart to pieces, 
vitia cor laniant, Sen. Ep. 51, ad jin. 

Q. dilanio, 1 (stronger than preced.: 
rare): to leave the corpse for dogs to t., 
cadaver canibus dilaniandum relinquere, 
Cic. Mil. 13, 33: to t. the hair, d. comas, 
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 52. 3. licéro, 1 (to 
mangle: perh. not in Cic. in the lit. 
sense) : to t. the body, |. corpus, Lucr. 3, 
878: tot. one’s face, hair, dress, 1. ora, 
comam, vestem, Ov. M. 11, 726: Fig.: 








TEAR ASUNDER 





Cic. Quint. 15, 50; Ov. Pont. 4, 16, 1. 

4. dilacéro, 1 (perh. not in Cic.; 
for in N. D. 1, 11, 27, lacerari is now 
read): the dogs t. their master to bits, 
canes d. dominum, Ov. M. 3, 250: to 
t. to pieces with engines of torture, 4d. 
tormentis, Tac. A. 15, 57: Fig.: to t. 
the republic to pieces, d. rempublicam, 
Sall. Jug. 41, ad med. 5. excarnifico, 
1 (no pf.: to t. the flesh to pieces) : 
Cic. N. D. 3, 33, 82. 6, divello, velli, 
vulsum, 3 (to pull in pieces or asunder) : 
to t. a she-lamb to pieces with the teeth, 


| d. mordicus agnam, Hor. S. 1, 8,27: to ¢. 


the body to bits, d. corpus, Virg. Aen. 4, 
600: to t. one’s cloak to bits with the 
thornbushes, d. paenulam sentibus, Suet. 
Ner. 48, ad fin.: to t. asunder a wound 
with one’s own hand, d. vulnus suis 
manibus, Auct. B. Afr. 88: to t. children 
asunder from the embraces of their pa- 
vents, d. liberos a parentum complexu, 
Sall. Cat. 51. Fig. : tot. asunder things 
which nature has joined, res a natura 
copulatas d., Cic. Off. 3,18, 75: tocement 
a thing which has been broken and torn 
asunder, rem dissolutam divulsamque d., 


lid. de Or. 1, 42, 188: Lam distracted 


and torn to pieces by sorrow, distineor 
et d. dolore, id. Planc. 33,79. 7, con- 
vello, velli, vulsum, 3 (to ¢. wholly to 
pieces): tot. the food to pieces with greedy 
tooth, c. dapes avido dente, Ov. M. 11, 
123: the centurions torn to pieces and 
mangled, convulsi laniatique centu- 
riones, Tac. A. 1, 32. Fig.: to t. one’s 
heart to pieces with words, verbis c. 
pectus, Ov. H. 17, 111. 8. discindo, 
scidi, scissum, 3: to ¢. one’s tunic asun- 
der, d. tunicam, Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 195: 
to t. any one to pieces with scourges, d. 
aliquem flagellis, Suet. Calig. 33: limbs 
torn asunder by the teeth, discissi den- 
tibus artus, Virg. G. 3, 514. Fig.: to 
t. asunder the ties of friendship, d. ami- 
citias, Cic. Am. 21, 76. 9. conscindo, 
seidi, scissnm, 3 (to t. wholly to pieces : 
rare): to t. a letter to pieces, c. epi- 
stolam, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 4: tot. a garment 
to bits, c. vestem, Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 4. 

10. discerpo, psi, ptum, 3 (to pluck 
in pieces): a young man torn to pieces, 
discerptus juvenis, Virg. G. 4, 522: tot. 
any one to pieces with the hands, d. ali- 
quem manibus, Liv. 1, 16: Cic. Fragm. : 
the dogs tore the half-burnt corpse to 
pieces, semiustum cadaver discerpsere 
canes, Suet. Dom. 15. Fig.: subjects 
which are pulled and as it were torn in 
pieces, divulsa et quasi discerpta, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 6, 24. 11. concerpo, psi, ptum, 
3 (rare): to t. a letter to pieces, c. epi- 
stolam, Cic. Att. 10,12, ad med.: small 
linen napkins torn into little vits, 
linteola concerpta, Plin. 31,8,44. 12. 
diripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (to svatch asun- 
der): horses tore Hippolytus to meces, 
diripuere Hippolytum equi, Ov. A. A. 1, 
338: tot. asunder the limbs with their 
hands, d. membra manibus, id. M. 3,731: 
winds t. up the ocean, venti d fretum, 
Stat. Theb. 5, 367. Fig.: to t. one's 
Jatherland to pieces, d. patriam, Cic. Att. 
8,2,ad med. 18, distraho, xi, ctum, 3 
(todrag asunder): to t. the body asunder 
in all directions, d. corpus passim, Liv. 
1, 28, ad fin.: it can neither be broken 
through nor torn asunder, neque per- 
rumpi neque distrabi potest, Caes. B. G. 
4, 23, extr. Join: divellere ac d., Cic. 
Sull. 20, 59. Fig.: whem death has 
snatched or exile torn from us, quos aut 
mors eripuit nobis aut distraxit fuga, 
id. Fam. 4, 13, 2. 14, différo, distili, 
dilatum, 3: wolves will t. their limbs t™ 
pieces, membra different lupi, Hor. Epod. 
5, 99: Virg. Aen. 8, 643. Fig.. Jam 
utterly torn to pieces, differor, distrahor, 
diripior, Pl. Cist. 2, 1, 5. 15. lancino, 
1 (rare, and appy. late: the part. dilan- 
cinata occurs in Amm. 22, 15, 19): tot. 
any one to bits, 1. aliquem, Sen. Ira 1, 
2,2: to t. by biting, |. morsu, Plin. 9, 
6,5. Phr : to be torn to pieces by dogs, 
laniatu canum interire, ‘Tac. A. 15, 44: 
a garment torn to bits, vestis lacera, 
id. H. 3, 10: v. TORN. horses tore him 
to pieces, equi in diversum iter concitati 





| 
| 





TEAR OUT 
lacerum corpus discerpsere, after Liv. 1, 
28, ad fin.: the cough t.s the sick swine 
to pieces, Quatit uegros tuscis anhela sues, 
Virg. G. 3, 496. 

tear away or off: 1, Avello, velli 
or vulsi, vulsum, 3: stones torn cway 
Jrom the mountains, saxa moutibus 
avulsa, Lucr. 4, 138: to t. away the head 
Srom the shoulders, caput humeris a., 
Virg. Aen. 2, 558: to t. one away from 
the embraces of his mother, aliquem “e 
matris complexu a, atque abst>ahcre. 


Cic. Fontei. 17, 36: also withou* <e, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 616: v. TEAR A° “Duk, 
2. abscindo, scidi, scissura, z 


t. the tunic from his breast, tanicam + 
pectore a.,Cic. Verr, 5,1,3: Aczing ‘orn 
away her golden tresses, flavcntes 2be 
scissa comas, Virg. Aen. 4, §go: to t. the 
robe from his shoulders, humeris a. ves- 
tem, id. {b.5,685. 3, rapio, pui, ptum, 
3 (to snatch away); the wind ts away 
the leaves from the lofty tree, frondes alta 
rapit arbore veutus, Ov. M. 3, 730: tot. 
away the bars from the door-post, r. re- 
paguia de posti, id. 5, 120: Naso torn 
away from home (i.e. an exile), Naso 
raptus, id. Pont. 4, 16, 1. 4. déripio, 
ripui, reptum, 3 (to t. down, off, or 
away): to t. any one away from the 
altar, d. aliquem de ara, PL. Rud. 3, 6, 
2: to t. away the garment from one’s 
breast, d. vestemm a pectore, Ov. M. g, 
637: tot. the covering off one’s shoulders, 
velamina ex humeris d., id. ib. 6, 567. 
5, praeripio, ripui, reptum, 3 (prop. 
to seize before another): to t. away thy 
father from thee, p. patrem tuum tibi, 
Pl. Men. 5, 9, 21. 6. praevello, velli 
or vulsi, vulsum, 3 (to ¢t. away before): 
Laber.: Tert.: v. SNATCH AWAY. 

— down: 1, révello, velli, val 
sum, 3: to t. down the shields with their 
hands, r. scuta manibus, Caes. B.G. 1 
52: tot. down a door, r. fores, Suet. Calig 
6: Cic. Mur. 15, 33. 2, réscindo, scidi, 
scissum, 3 (to cut down): to t. down the 
rampart and breastwork with hooks, r. 
vallum et loricam fulcibus, Caes. B. G 
7, 86, extr.: to t. down the heavens with 
their hands, r. caelum manibus, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 583. 3, déripio, ripui, reptum, 
3: tot. down the moon from the sicy, a. 
lunam coelo, Hor. Epod. 5, 46: Vv. DRAG 
DOWN. 

— open: lI, réscindo, scidi, scis- 
sum, 3: fo t. open a wound, r. vulnus, 
Plin. Ep. 7, 19, ad fin. Fig.: Hor. Ep. 
I, 3, 32. 2. proscindo, scidi, scissum, 
3 (to t. open in front): to t. a fish open, 
p. piscem, Apul. Apol. p. 300: to ¢. an 
oak open with an aze, ferro p. quercum, 
Lucan 3, 434. 8, baurio, hausi, haus- 
tum, 4: the wild boar tore open his thigh, 
aper hausit femur, Ov. M. 8, 371: Liv. 
7,10. Phr.; ¢o t. open one’s own wounds, 
manus suis vulneribus afferre, Cic. Att. 
3, 15, ad init.: to t. the breast open, 
reserare pectus, Ov. M. 6, 663. 
out or up: 1, évello, velli, 
vulsum, 3 (the perf. evulsi once in Hor.) 
to t. out a tree, e. arborem, Liv. 33, 5. 
Fig.: to ¢. out evils by the root, e. radi- 
citus mala, Lucr. 3, 310: consuls who 
deserve to be torn out of the list, consules 
ex fastis evellendi, Cic. Sest. 14, 33. 2, 
convello, velli, vulsum, 3 (to & up on 
tirely); soldiers t. up the lowest stones 
of the tower with crowbars, milites 
vectibus infima saxa turris convellunt, 
Caes. B.C. 2, 11: the bars being torn out, 
and the folding-doors broken in, con- 
vulsis repagulis effractisque valvis, Cic 
Verr. 4, 43, 94: fo t. an image out from 
the shrine, c. simulacrum e sacrario, id 
ib. 5, 72, 187. Fig.: Rome, torn up 
almost from her foundations, Roma, 
prope convulsa sedibus suis, id. Pis. 22, 
52. 8, révello, velli, vulsum, 3: to ¢. 
out a stone from the mountain, r. saxum 
e monte, Ov. M. 12, 341: to t. out herbs 
by the root, r. herbas radice, id. ib. 7, 226 

4, vello, vulsi, vulsum, 3: Vv. PULE. 
PLUCK OUT. 5. haurio, bausi, haus- 
tum, 4: the wind t.s up the trees from 
the very roots, ventus arbusta redicibus 
baurit ab imis, Lucr. 6, 141+ fo ¢. out 
the eye, b. lumen, Ov. M. 13,564 & 

I 





TEAR 


exscindo, scidi, scissum, 3: Vv. EXTIR- 
PATE, UPROOT. 7, Gripio, ripui, rep- 
tum, 3: Vv. SNATCH OUT, 

tear (subs.): scisstira, Sen.: Plin.: 
Vv. RET. 

tearful: 1, flebilis: grief is t. 
sorrow, maeror est aegritudo f., Cic. Tusc. 
4, 8, 18: a £. spouse, f. spousa, Hor. Od. 
4, 2, 21. t. elegy, f. elegia, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3- 

Q, lacrimOsus: ¢. eyes, |. lumina, 
Ov. Am. I, 8, 111: Cic. Arat. 446. Si. 
expr. by licrimans: t. eyes, 1. oculi, Cic. 
Sest. 69, 144: v. WEEPING. Phr.: t. eyes, 
oculi humentes, Ov. M. 11, 464: udi, 
id. H. 12, 55. [N.B. - Lacrimabilis means 
worthy of tears. } 

tearfully ; expr. by multis cum la- 
crimis, multo cum fletu, or lacrimabun- 
dus: v. phr. under Tear: flebiliter usu. 
denotes mournfully, plaintively. Gell. 
10, 3, ad init., has lacrimose dicere : 
lacrimabiliter occurs in Hier. 

tearless: expr. by sine lacrimis, or 
lacrimis vacuus: ¢. eyes, sicci oculi, Hor. 
Od. 1, 3,18. Com.: pumicei, Pl. Ps. 1, 
I, 73: at. race, genus siccoculum, id. ib. 
I, I, 75- 

tease: obtundo, tidi, tisum or tun- 
sum, 3 (to annoy with importunity): to 
t. any one with long letters, o. aliquem 
longis epistolis, Cic. Att. 8, 1, extr.: 
don’t t. me any more about this matter, 
ne me obtundas de hac re saepius, Ter. 
Ad. 1, 2, 3. V. WORRY, HARASS. 

teasel: dipsacus or dipsacos Kone 
kos), i, f., Plin. 27, 9, 47: also spina ful- 
lonia, id. 16, 44, 92. dipsacus fullonum, 
Linn.: the hairy t., gallidraga, Plin. 27, 
10, 62. 

teat: 1, mamma: fo give the t., 
dare m., Pl. Truc. 2, 5, 1: seeking after 
the t., m. appetens, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85: 
whales nourish their young with their 
t.s, balaenae mammis nutriunt fetus, 
Plin. 11, 40, 95. 2. mamilla (dimin. 
of preced.: also in the form mammula, 
Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2): a sow famed for 
her thirty t.s, scrofa trigintis clara m., 

- 12, 74: Vell. 2, 70, ad fin. Sy 
papilla: said of the dolphin, Plin. 11, 40, 
95: like the t. of the breast, velut p. 
uberis, Col. 9, 11, 4. 4, rumis, is: 
an old word found in Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 
20: Plin. [N.B.—tber always denotes 
the swelling breast or udder, whence 
such expr. as ubera mammarum (the 
breasts with their t.s), Lucr. 5, 882: v. 
BREAST : to give the ¢. (or breast), ubera 
offerre, praebere, Just. 44, 43 I, 4.] 

technical: ¢. terms, verba artium 
propria, Quint. 8, 2, 13: vocabula earum 
rerum quae in quaque arte versantur, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 3: geometricians, musi- 
cians, grammarians use peculiar t. ex- 
pressions, geometrae, musici, gramma- 
tici more quodam loquuntur suo, id. ib. 
3, 1,4: systems of oratory employ t. and 
special terms in teaching, rhetorum artes 
verbis in docendo quasi privatis utuntur 
ac suis, id. ib.: a ¢. term used by work- 
men, vocabulum opificibus usitatum, id. 
Fin. 3, 2, 4 (see the whole context): a 
t. term in painting, * vocabulum pic- 
torum proprium (Kr.): ¢. argumenta- 
tion, ratio, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22: @ mere t. 
lawyer, formularius, Quint. 12, 3, 11 
(Cic. has leguleius): v. PETTIFOGGING. 

technicality: expr. by some phr.: 
we ought to regard the subject-matter, 
not the t. of the language, rem spectari 
oportet non verba, Cic, Tusc. 5, II, 32: 
to agree substantially, but to differ 
about t.s, re consentire, vocabulis dif- 
ferre, id. Fin. 4, 2, 5. 

technology: ~* officinarum artes 

Kr.): perh. also *operum atque arti- 

ciorum scientia. 

technologist: technicus (rexvixds), 
Quint. 2, 13, 15. 

Te Deum: *hymnus qui vocatur 
Ambrosianus. to sing a ¢., gratula- 
tionem ad sacras Dei Optimi Maximi 
aedes facere, after Cic. Fam. 11, 18, 3: 
or laudibus gratibusque Deum O. M. 
venerari, after Tac. A. 12, 37. 

tedious: 1, lentus. a ¢. affair, 
L negotium, Cic. Att. 1, 12, init.: a t. 
war, S pellcams, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 7. Zs 

42 











TELL 


longus: the hours seemed t., horae 1. vide- 
bantur, Cic. Att. 12, 5, extr.: Ido not 
wish to be t., nolo esse 1.. id. N. D. 1, 36, 
Tol: it would be t., longum est, id. Sest. 
5, 12: it would be t. to enumerate every 
particular, |. est omnia (sc. dicere), id. 
N. D. 1, 8,19. not to be t., ne longum 
faciam, Hor. S. 1, 3, 137: ne 1. sit, Cic. 
Cat. 3, 5, 10: mind you are not t., ne 1. 
fiet videte, id. Leg. 2, 10, 24. 8. lon- 
ginquus (of long duration): at. warfare, 
1. militia, Liv. 4, 18: a ¢. disease, 1. mor- 
bus, id. 1, 31: Vv. SLOW, WEARISOME. 
4, taedioOsus: Firm. Math. Phr.: 

to be t., languorem afferre, languere, Cic. 
Off. 3, 1, 1 and 3: the year seems t., piger 
annus videtur, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 21 (joined 
to nox longa, dies lenta): if I were to 
relate move it would be ¢., si alia me- 
morem, mora sit, Pl. Capt. 4, 3,6: there 
ts something t. in Cicero, *in Cicerone 
est nescio quid putidi ac molesti. 

tediously : expr. by the adj.: or 
cum taedio, Quint. 4, 2, 44: or longius, 
id. 10, 2, 17: V. SLOWLY. Taedidse is no 
longer read in App. de Deo Socrat. p. 51, 
extr. 

tediousness;: no exact word: it 
may sometimes be expr. by taedium, 
which primarily denotes the sense of 
weariness in persons, or an object that 
gives rise to it: the t. of a protracted 
war, longi taedia belli, Ov. M. 13, 213: 
the t. of a dead calm, tranquillitatis len- 
tissimae t., Sen. Ep. Jo, 3: rhetorical 
division relieves the sense of t., partitio 
t. levat, Quint. 4, 2, 49: oscitationes = 
tedious writings in Stat. S. 4,9, 20: and 
perh. t. speaking in Quint. II, 3, 3. 
Phr.: the t. of old writers, antiquorum 
scriptorum languor, Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: 
the t. of very embarrassed orations, im- 
peditissimarum orationum spatia, Tac. 
Or. I9. 

teem: sciteo, 2: v. ABOUND. 

teeth (v.): dentio, 4: children ting 
very late, pueri tarde dentientes, Plin. 
30, 3, 8, § 22. 

teething (subs.): dentitio: during t., 
in dentitione, Plin. 28, 19, 78. The form 
dentio occurs in Plin. Val. 1, 4, 2. 

tegument: intégimentum: v. IN- 
TEGUMENT, COVERING. 

teil-tree: tilia: v. LIE-TREE. 

telegraph: *telégraphum (Kr.): the 
old-fashioned t. may be expr. by * ma- 
china rem gestam per signa lignea nun- 
tians (Kr.): (see also Caes. B. G. 7, 3): 
the electric t., *machina ad vim electri- 
cam transmittendam ita instructa ut 
sine iutervallo literas et verba e long- 
inquo indicet: to send a message by 
t., * telegrapho, quod dicitur, nunuuum 
mittere. 

teleology: perh. *causarum finalium 
doctrina, or ratio: in Cic. the same notion 
is expr. by a periphrasis: cf. N. D. 2, 
53, 133. 

telescope: *télescdpium (Kr.): 
*tubus speculatorius: * perspicillum 
(Bacon): to look through a t., *oculis 
armatis prospicere aliquid (Kr.). 

tell: |. Zo communicate : AL. 
narro, I (with acc. of the thing, or abl. 
with de, and dat. of the pers. : also with 
acc. and inf., rarely with wt, and abs.) : 
Tam ting you what you know better 
than I who t. it, ego tibi ea narro quae 
tu melius scis,quam ipse qui narro, Cic. 


Fam. 9, 6,6: to t. @ roundabout story, | 


ambages n., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 77: the 
tablets themselves will t. you, ipsae (ta- 
bellae) tibi narrabunt, PL Pers. 4, 3, 29 
(37): tot. a story to a deaf ass, surdo fab- 
ulam n. asello, Hor. S. 1, 1, Jo: to t. bad 
news about any one, male n. de aliquo, 
Cic. Att. 16,14, ad fin.: the sailor t.s of 
the winds, navita de ventis narrat, Prop. 
2, 1, 43: he used to t. many things from 
memory in a pleasant style, multa n. 
memoriter et jucunde solebat, Cic. Am. 
init.: to t. carefully and clearly, 1. dili- 
genter et enodate, id. Inv. 1, 21, 30: he 
told (us) that you used to be anxious at 
times, narravit te interdum sollicitum 
solere esse, id. Fam. 6, 1, 6: Twill ¢. 
you: Iused previously to be somewhat 
angry at the shortness of your letters, 





TELL 





narro tibi: ante subirascebar brevitati 
literarum tuarum, id. ib. 11, 24, init.: 
the scope of our work requires that his 
history should be briefly told, operis 
modus paucis eum narrari jubet, Vell. 
2, 29, 22: Virg. Aen. 2,549. 2. énarro, 
1 (to recount fully and in order): to t. 
the whole affair from beginning to end, 
ompem rem ordine e., Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 11: 
let me first t. this which I have begun, 
hoc quod coepi primum enarrem, id. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 32: to t. one’s dream to the 
senate, somnium senatui e., Cic. Div. 1, 
26,55. 3, dénarro, 1 (to ¢. fully: rare): 
Iwill t. him this, haec ego illi denarrabo, 
Ter. Ph. 5, 7 (8), 51: he t.s his mother, 
matri denarrat, Hor. S. 2, 3, 315. 4, 
rénarro, 1 (to t. over again: poet.): to 
t. the decrees of the gods, fata divum r., 
Virg. Aen. 3, 717: Ov. 5, dico, xi, 
ctum, 3: ¢. me whose cattle are these, 
dic mihi cujum pecus, Virg. E. 3, 1: it 
is tedious to t., longum est d., Cic. Sest. 
5,12: tot. the truth, d. verum, id. Fam. 
9, 24, 2: tot. a lie, d. mendacium, Nep. 
Att. 15,1: It. you this as a profound 
secret, arcano (adv.) tibi ego hoc dico, 
Pl. Trin. 2, 4, 117: It. you again and 
again tt will be done at your risk, 
etiam atque etiam d. tuo periculo fiet, 
Cic. Att. 13, 25, ad fin.: v. SAY. 6. 
ldquor, ciitus, 3 (to talk, converse): t. me 
your name, loquere mihi tuum nomen, 
Pl. Men. 5. 9, 7: you were saying you 
wished to t. me something in private, 
nescio quid secreto velle 1. te aiebas 
mecum, Hor. S. 1, 9, 67: tt is a horrible 
thing of which they t., horribile est quod 
loquuntur, Cic. Att. 14, 4: tot. of battles, 
1. praelia, Hor. Od. 4,15, 1: as the annais 
of the Roman people t., ut annales P. R. 
loquuntur, Cic. Dom. 32, 86: the fact 
itself t.s, res ipsa loquitur, id. Mil. 20, 
54: eyes too expressive t. how we are 
mentally affected, oculi nimis arguti 
quemadmodum affecti simus loquuntur, 
id. Leg. 1, 9, 27: youare in a city where 
the very walls seem able to t. you this 
more fully and amply, in ea es urbe in 
qua haec plura et ornatiora parietes ipsi 
l. posse videntur, id. Fam. 6, 3, 3: v. 
SPEAK. ‘7, mémoro, 1 (tocall to mind): 
whether am I to t. his pride or his cruelty 
Jirst ? utrum superbiam prius memorem 
an crudelitatem ? Cic. Verr. 1, 47, 122: to 
t. the praises of illustrious men, m. hon- 
oratorum virorum laudes, Auct. in Cic. 
Leg. 2, 24, 62: for ye remember, O ged- 
desses, and can t., et meministis enim, 
divae, et m. potestis, Virg. Aen. 7, 645: 
V. RELATE, DESCRIBE. 8. Eniiméro, r 
(prop. to t. the number of : hence, gen. 
to recount): Iwill not t. all the miseries, 
non faciam ut enumerem miserias omnes, 
Cic. Att. 3,7, ad med.: the advantages 
of rivers cannot be told, enumerari non 
possunt fluminum opportunitates, id. 
N. D. 2, 53, 132: to t. of many an in- 
stance in one’s discourse, plurima fando 
e., Virg. Aen. 4, 334: V. RECOUNT. 9. 
do, dédi, datum, 1 (to give: used in this 
sense mostly by the com. poets): ¢. me 
now, do you quite approve of it? da mihi 
nune, satisne probas? Cic. Acad. I, 3, 
to: Iwill t. in few words, paucis (sc. 
verbis), dabo, Ter. Heaut. prol. 10: Iwill 
t. this trick to my master's son, herili 
filio hance fabricam dabo, Pl. Bac. 2, 3, 
132. 10. cédo (an old imp., give or 
tell thow: the 21d pl. cette is appy. used 
in the first meaning only): ¢. me then 
what Iam to do, c. igitur quid faciam, 
Ter. Andr. 2, 3,9: I immediately said, 
t. me if you have anything from Atticus, 
ego statim, c., inquam, si quid ab A ttico, 
Cic. Att. 16, 13, a@ init.: t. me one au- 
thority for your proceeding, unum c. 
auctorem tui facti, id. Verr. 5, 26, 67. 
Phr.: a story ts told of a foul crime, 
foedum traditur scelus, Liv. 1, 48: to é. 
our friends’ secrets, amicorum secreta 
eloqui, Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1: ¢. é¢ to safe 
ears, depone tutis auribus, Hor. Od. 1, 
27,18: they must be told of their danger, 
de periculo erunt commonendi, Cic. Part. 
Or. 27, 96: tot. one's secrets to a person, 
occulta alicui credere, id. Coel. 23, 57: 
aliquid committere, Catul. 101, 1: t. of 


TELLER 


the theft, furto silentia deme, Ov. M. 2, 
300: “tell it to the marines,” 
peregrinum, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 62. 
To order: jibeo, jussi, jussum, 2: Vv. 
ORDER, BID. II]. Zo discern: i 
ligo, lexi, lectum, 3: v. DISCERN, KNOW. 
V. To point vut: indico, 1: v. IN- 
DICATE, SHEW. Y, Jo count: numéro, 
1: v. counT: didiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to ¢. 
off): to t. off upon one’s fingers, d. in 
digitis, Quint. 4. 5, 24. Vi. To have 
weight or influence: vileo, 2: v. IN- 
FLUENCE. 
teller; niimérator: v, couNTER. 
telling (adj.): validus: v. FoRCIBLE, 
WEIGHTY. 
temerity ; téméritas, Cic.: v. RASH- 


NESS, 

temper (v.): 1, tempéro, 1 (in 
most senses, lit. and fig., of the Eng.): to 
t. iron, t. ferrum, Plin. 34, 14, 41: ¢o ¢. 
colours, t. colores, id. 2,18, 16: to t. wine, 
t. vinum, id. 29, 3, 11, § 50: to t. lime 
(for mortar), calcem t., Vitr. 7,2: ex- 
cessive heat vs t.’d by the blowing of the 
Etesan winds, Etesiarom flatu nimii 
temperantur calores, Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 
131. chill evening ts the air, frigidus 
vesper aera temperat, Virg. G. 3, 337: to 
t. the baths, balnea t., Sen. Ep. 86, 10: 
when he had tuken those three things he 
t.’d them into one land, ea quum tria 
sumpsisset unam in speciem temperavit, 
Cic. Tim. 7, ad init.: to t. sharp and 
flat tones, acuta cum gravibus t., id. 
Rep. 6,18. Fig.: freedom not t.’d with 
moderation but too unmixed, libertas 
non modice temperata sed nimis mera- 
ca, id. ib. 1, 43: a@ form of government 
made by blending and t.ing together the 
three best kinds of states, genus aequa- 
tum et temperatum ex tribus optimis 
rerum publicarum modis, id. ib. 1, 45: 
to t. the bitters of life with a quiet 
smile, amara lento t. risu, Hor. Od. 2, 
16, 27: as the air is t.'d so the growing 
boys are t.’d and moulded, utcumque 
temperatus sit aer ita pueros orientes 
a. et formari, Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89 2 
misceo, miscui, mistum or mixtum, 2 
(to miz: v. infra): wit t’d by dig- 
nity, gravitate mixtus lepos, Cic. Rep. 
2,1: t. your serious discussions with a 
brief folly, misce consiliis stultitiam 
brevem, Hor. Od. 4, 12,27: a spot where 
Greek lavishness and provincial thrift 
were t.’d and happily blended, locus 
Graeca comitate et provinciali parsi- 
monia mistus et bene compositus, Tac. 
Agr. 4. Join: m. et temperare, Cic. 
Off. 3, 33, 119: V. BLEND, Mix. [N.B.— 
It is only in the fig. sense, and where 
the context sufficiently expresses the 
result of the mixing that this verb is 
used as a syn. of tempero, from which, 
in the stricter sense, it is distinguished 
in Cic. Rep. 2, 23, haec ita mixta fue- 
runt ut temperata nullo fuerint modo, 
these things were so mixed that they were 
m no wise t.’d.} 8. condio, 4 (prop. 
to season: in a fig. sense, to ¢.): to t. 
anything naturally harsh by many 
pleasures, c. aliquid natura asperum 
pluribus voluptatibus, Quint. 5, 14, 35: 
dignity td with affability, comitate 
condita gravitas, Cic. Sen. 4, 10: these 
things indeed which are now most excel- 
lent will not become better, but it is 
pleasanter when they are t.’d, non ista 
quidem erunt meliora, quae nunc sunt 
optima, sed certe condita jncundius, Cic. 

ur. 31, 66. 4, diluo, ui, utum, 3: 
vV. DILUTE. 5, corrigo, rexi, rectum, 
3 (to correct); to t. wines, c. vina, Plin. 
15, 29, 39, et pass. 6. lénio, 4: v. 
SOFTEN, MITIGATE. Phr.: if you t. 
your gravity with his affability, si illius 
comitatem tuae gravitati asperseris, Cic. 
Mur. 31, 66° the river Salo in which 
weapons are t.d, temperator armorum 
Salo, Mart. 4, 55, 15. 

temper (subs.): 

1, températio 








|. Due mixture: 
the t. of bronze, t. 
aeris, Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 98: Vitr. 2. 
fempératira the t. of bronze, t. aeris, 
Plin. 34, 9, 20. the t. of vermilion, t. 
minii, Vitr. 7, 9, 1 3. tempéries, ei, 
f-: am equal é of all the ingredients, 


TEMPERANCE 





TEMPERATELY 





aequalis t. ommium misturarum, Plin. | Luse. 3, 8, 16 (q. v.: he mentions tem- 


34,2, 3,ad fin. Phr.. the different sorts 
and t.s of bronze, differentiae aeris ct 
misturae, id. 34, 8,20. ||, Disposition 
of mind: 1, Animus. the tail shows 
the t. of the lion, leonum animi index 
est cauda, Plin. 8, 16,19: to be in a good 
t., comi, leni animo esse, Ter. Heaut. 5, t, 
39: having no control over one’s t., impos 
animi, Pl. Bac. 4,2, 3 to show one’s bad 
t., animos violentos iramque ex pect re 
promere, id. Truc. 2, 7, 52 (43). tobeofa 
wanton, bad t., protervo, iracundo arimo 
esse, id. Bac. 4, 2, 1: an inflexible t., atrox 
a., Hor, Od. 2, 1, 24: @ fickle t., a. mo- 
bilis (opp. to stabilis), Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 10: 
a good ¢., aequus a., id. Rosc. Am. 50, 
145: an unruffled t., a. aequissimus, id. 
Tusc. 5, 37, 108: v. DISPOSITION. 2. 
ingénium: a stern and inexorable t., 
durum et inexorabile i, Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 
12: born with a bad ¢., malevolente i. 
natus, Pl. Bac. 4,2, 4. that two violent 
t.s might not be joined in marriage, ne 
duo violenta i. in matrimonio jungeren- 
tur, Liv. 1, 46. 3. expr. by ira, or 
iracundia (rage, bad t.): to do anything 
in a fit of t., facere aliquid per iram, 
Cic. Tuse. 4, 37, 79: to keep one’s t., ira- 
cundiam cohibere, id. Marc. 3, 8: iram 
comprimere, Pl. Truc. 2, 2, 9: to lose 
one’s t., iracundia efferri, Cic. de Or. 2, 
75, 305: to be ina very bad t., iracundia 
summa esse, Caes. B. C. 3, 16. Phr.: 
an uncle of a very bad t., avunculus 
difficillima natura, Nep. Att. 5, 1: but 
old men are peevish, uneasy, testy, and 
il-t..\d, at sunt morosi et anxii et ira- 
cundi et difficiles senes, Cic. Sen. 18, 65 : 
to be of such a t., talem diem induere, 
Tac. A. 6, 20. 
temperament: 1, habitus, as: 
the t.s of their bodies are various, varii 
corporum h., Tac. Agr. 11: justice is a 
t. of the mind, justitia est b. animi, Cic. 





perantia, moderatio, and sometimes even 
modestia as equiv. for gwhpoovwm, and 
then proposes f. as the best equiv.): 
remarkable and admirable t., singularis 
et admiranda f., id Deiot. 9, 26: good 
health, and that which chiefly produces 
wt, t., bona valetudo, quaeque eam 
maxime praestat, f., Quint. 10, 3, 26. 
4, midestia: v. MODERATION, 
SOBRIETY. 5, abstinentia: v. aB- 
STINENCE. Join: a. et continentia, 
Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77. 6. tempéries, ei 
(poet. and late): peaceful t. of character, 
t. tranquilla morum, Stat. 8. 2, 6, 48. 
Claud. Phr.: a t.-society, perb. * sic- 
corum sodalitas: Vv. WATER-DRINKER. 
temperate: |. Of climate: tem- 
pératus: more t. parts, loca temperatiora, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 12, extr.: a fine and t. 
regior ~gregia t.que regio, Vitr. 6, 1, 
Il: V_ IILD: the t. zone, orbis medius et 
mitior plaga, Plin. 23, 1,22 (R. and A.): 
*zona t., Milton: v. zone. il. & 
character : 1, tempé@ratus: the just, 
t., and wise, justi, t, sapientes, Cic. N. D. 
3, 36, 87: of t. and moderate character, 
t. moderatisque moribus, id. Fam. 12, 
27: a@ moderate and t. speech, oratio 
modica et t., id. Or. 27, 95. 2. teni- 
pérans, ntis (prop. a part., and hence 
constr. with aul. or gen. of the thing, to 
denote in what respect temperance is 
observed): a@ moderate and ¢. man in 
all the relations of life, homo in omni- 
bus vitae partibus moderatus ac t., Cic. 
Font. 14, 30: you will call him t. uho 
has controlled himself in regard to 
some lust, temperantem dices qui se in 
aliqua libidine continuerit, id. Par. 5, 5: 
princes more t. in reference to the desire 
of power, principes temperantivres im- 
perii, Liv. 26, 22, ad fin.: more t. as to 
power, potestatis temperantior, Tac. A. 
13, 46, extr. 8. frigi (orig. a dat. 


Inv. 2, 53, 160: the nuture and t. of | fem. of the unused frux, as shown by 


clemency, natura clementiae h.que, Sen. 
Clem. 1, 3, ad init.: v. CONSTITUTION, 
DISPOSITION. 2. températio: the ¢. 
of the body when the various parts of 
which it ts composed are in harmony 
with one another is health, corporis t. 
quum ea congruunt inter se e quibus 
constat sanitas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 30: the 
discipline and t. of the state, disciplina 
ac t. civitatis, id. 4, 1, 1. 3, tempéra- 
mentum: the materiul is the same but 
the t. differs, eadem est materia sed dis- 
tat t., Plin. 9, 36, 61: we ought to observe 
a mean, but a due t. ts difficult, modum 
tenere debemus, sed difficile est t., Sen. 
Clem. 1, 2, ad fin.: v. DUE MEAN. 4, 
températira: the t. of the body, t. cor- 
poris, Sen. Ep. 11,6. Phr.: Iam con- 
sidered to have a phlegmatic t., lentus 
existimor, Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 305: @ san- 
guine t., alacer ac promptus animus, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 19: v. preced. art. 
temperance : 1, temperantia 
(the most gen. term, answering pretty 
closely to the Eng.): t. ts the jirm and 
moderate control of reason over the sen- 
sual desires and over the other non- 
virtuous desires of the soul, t. est ra- 
tionis in libidinem atque in alios non 
rectos impetus animi firma ac moderata 
dominatio, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164: t. brings 
peace to the mind, t. pacem animis affert, 
id. Fin. 1, 14, 47: ¢. in food, t. in victu, 
id. Tusc. 5, 20,57. Join: modestia et 


t., id. Off. 1, 5, 14: moderatio et t., id. | 


de Or. 2, 60, 247. 2. continentia (¢. 
which restrains one’s lusts: a special 
term, as opp. to the preced., which is 
general): t. is that whereby desires are 
controlled by the guidance of reflection, 
c. est per quam cupiditas consilii guber- 
natione regitur, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164: ¢. 
in every branch of living and style, c. 
in victu omni atque cultu, id. Off. 2, 24, 
86. Join c. et temperantia, id. Off. 
3, 25, 96° modestia et c., Caes. B. G. 4, 
52. 8. friigalitas (moderation in 
enjoyment, thriftiness): t. embraces 
every kind of abstinence and harmless- 
ness, together with all other virturs, om- 
nem abstinentiam, omnem innocentiam 





the last example below: then used as 
an indecl. adj. in the pos. for frigalis, 
which only occurs in the comp. and sup., 
reg. formed from it): to be called a ¢, 
man is no great praise fur a king, f. 
hominem dici non multum habet laudis 
in rege, Cic. Deiot. 9, 26: Penelope so 
t. and so chaste, (Penelope) tam f. tam- 
que pudica, Her. S. 2, 5, 77: luxurious, 
t., shabby living, victus luxuriosus, f, 
sordidus, Quint. 5, 10, 27: very modest 
and very ¢., permodestus et bonae f., 
Cic. Att. 4, 8, ad fin. 4, continens, 
ntis (rare): our ancestors, most t. men, 
continentissimi homines majores nos- 
tri, Cic. Par. 1, 1: more t. in money 
matters, continentior in pecunia, Caes, 
BA Ci, 23. 5, médius (moderate) : 
a t. speech, m. oratio, Liv. 10, 26, ad 
init.: pondering no t. scheme, but every- 
thing that was extravagant, nibil m. sed 
immensa omnia animo volventes, id. 2, 
49: V. MODERATE. 6, sdbrius (prop. 
unintoxica/ed): sparing and t., parcus 
ac s., ler. Ad. 1, 2, 15: men quite thrifty 
and t., humines plane frugi ac s., Cic. 
Verr. 3, 2%, 67. 7, siccus (abstem- 
tous, suber): a sober and t. life, vita 
sobria et s., Sen. Vit. Beat. 12, 4: Cic. 
Acad. 2, 27, 88. Join: s., frugi, con- 
tinens, Pl. Asin. 5, 2,7. §, abst@mius 
(prop. refraining from strong drinks): 
t. in the midst of outspread luxuries, in 
medio positorum a. Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 7° 
Ov. 9, abstinens, ntis (refraining 


From what is unlawful): to be t., to re- 


strain all desires, is noble, esse a., con- 
tinere omnes cupiditates praeclarum est, 


| Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, 32: @ man most ¢. 


in all that concerned others, homo alieni 
abstinentissimus, Plin. Ep. 6, 8, ad med. : 
V, ABSTINENT, CONTINENT. Phr.: tf be 
t., temperare (with abl., either alone or 
with in, also with dat.): to be t. in love, 
in amore t., PL Epid. 1, 2, 8: to be ¢. 
with the tongue, linguae t., id. Rud. 4, 7, 
28. to be t. with the hands, manibus t., 
Liv. 2, 23, ad med. 
temverately : 1, températe 

when it shall be t. warm, ubi t. tepebit, 
Cato, R. R. 69, 2: to act t., t. agere, Cic. 


reliquas etiam virtutes f. continet, Cic, | Att. 12,32,ad med, 2, tempéranter 


843 


TEMPERATENESS 


TEMPORIZE 


TEN 





he adds the remaining remarks t., cetera | Caes. B. C. 3, 33. Join: f. atque de- 


t. adjungit, Tac. A. 15, 29: Cic. 3: 
frigaliter : to talk t., f. loqui, Cic. Fin. 2, 
g. 25: Hor. 4. continenter (rare): 
to have lived t. in Asia is worthy of 
praise,c. in Asia vixisse laudandum est, 
Cic. Mur. 5, 12. 5, sobrie: to live t., 
8. vivere (joined to continenter), Cic. 
Off. 1, 30, 106: V¥. MODERATELY. 

temperateness : |, _ tempéries, 
ei: Vv. MILD TEMPERATURE, in foll. art. 

|]. médératio: v. MODERATION. 

temperature; no exact word: by 
changes of t. bodies are injured, muta- 
tionibus caloris ac frigoris corpora viti- 
antur, Vitr. 1, 4, 2: the causes which 
modify the t., causae quae vim habeant 
caloris ac frigoris, after Cic. Tim. 14, ad 
med.: the t.of the atmosphere may be 
expr. by coelum: the changeableness of 
the t., coeli varietas mutatioque, Col. 
BI, 2) 2) Ve (CLIMATE VAR tliat. 
arising from the due blending of heat 
and cold, is expr. by : 1, températio: 
the advantages which are derived from 
the mild t. of the atmosphere, commoda 
quae percipiuntur coeli temperatione, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 13. 9. tempéries, ei, 
f.: he produced a mild t. by mixing fire 
and cold, t. dedit mixta cum frigore 
flamma, Ov. M. 1, 51: the mild t. of the 
year, t. anni, Plin. 18,25,60: Hor. 8, 
températira: a good and wholesome t., 
t. utilis ac salubris, Sen. Ep. 86, to (of a 
bath). 4, tempéramentum: the mild 
t. of the climate. coeli t., Just. 2, I (q. v.). 
Phr.: the cypress growing in a mild t., 
cupressus in tepore proveniens, Plin. 16, 
33, 60, extr. 

tempest: tempestas, intempéries : 
v. STORM. Phr.: to raise at. in a tea- 
pot, fiuctus in simpulo, ut dicitur, exci- 
tare, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36: sailors over- 
taken by a t., deprensi nautae, Virg. G. 
4, we t.-tossed, jactatus, Hor. Od. 1, 32, 
ba fia By Cork 


tempestuous; procelldsus: vy. 
STORMY. 

tempestuously:  procellosé: v. 
STORMILY. 


tempestuousness: expr. by vio- 
lentia tempestatis, Curt. 8, 4, 5, and 
similar phr. : v. STORMINESS, VIOLENCE. 
Templar: * Templarius: the order 
of the 7.s, *commilitones templi Salo- 
monis, ordo Templariorum: the confra- 
ternity of the T.s, *sancta domus militiae 
Templi. 
temple: |. A sacred building: 
1, aedes, is, f. (a simpler building 
than templum : usu. in sing.): to vow a 
t., a. vovere, Liv. to, 37, ad fin. : to dedi- 
cate a t., a. dedicare, Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 583 
consecrare, id. Dom. 49, 127: the t.of Min- 
erva, a. Minervae, id. Verr. 4, 55,122: the 
summit of the Capitol and the other t.s, 
Capitolii fastigium et ceterarum aedium, 
id. de Or. 3, 46, 180: whenever the con- 
text does not clearly show the sacred 
nature of the edifice sacer is added: so, 


a. sacrae, id. Dom. 49, 128: opp. to pro- | 


fanae, id. N. D. 2, 27, 67: two t.s, duae 
a. sacrae, id. Verr. 4, 53, 118 (binae is 
used when a. signifies @ house). Some- 


times there is an ellipsis of a. after the | 
prep. ad: we had come to the t. of Vesta, | 


ventum erat ad Vestae (sc. aedem), Hor. 


Sn, 19 35- 
preced.): when he had dedicated the 


altar and little t. quum aram et a. | 


dedicasset, Cic. Dom. 53, 136. 3. 
templum (prop. the whole of the sacred 
buildings): the t. of Juno, Junonis t. 
(also called fanum), Cic. Inv. 2, 1,1: at. 
of vast wealth, immensae opulentiae t., 
Tac. H. 5,8: the hidden and secret parts 
of the t. which the Greeks call adyta, 
occulta ac recondita templi quae Graeci 
aéuta appellant, Caes. B. C. 3, 105: to 
found a t., t. condere, Virg. Aen. 1, 446: 
to build a t.of marble, t. de marmore 
ponere, id. G. 3,13. Join: t. aedesque, 
Hor. Od. 3,6, 2. Fig.: the t. of moval- 
ity, t. sanctitatis, Cic. Mil. 33, go: the t.s 
of the mind, t. mentis, Lucr. 5, 103. 

4. fanum (prop. a space set apart 
for a t.: cf. Liv. 10, 34, ad fin.): the t. 
of Diana at Ephesus, f. Dianae Ephesi, 

844 


2, aediciila (dimin. of | 





lubra, Cic. Rab. perd. 10, 30: f. et tem- 
pla, id. Cat. 4, 11, 24: f. sacellaque, Liv. 
Ti S5° 5, délibrum (usu. in pl.: a 
place for purification) : standards hung 
up in the t.s, signa affixa delubris, Hor. 
Od. 3, 5, 19: to honour the t.s of the 
Muses, A. Musarum colere, Cic. Arch. 11, 
27. Join: templa atque d., Cic. N. D. 
3, 40, 94. 6, sacellum, sacrarium : 
Vv. CHAPEL, SHRINE. 7, sédes, is, f. 
(abode of a god): the t. of Terminus, 
Termini s., Liv. 1, 55: his ¢. and strong- 
hold, s. atque arx, id. 5, 50. 8. tho- 
lus, i, m. (prop. the dome of a t.: hence 
in the later poets, a t. itself): thou shalt 
be worshipped in a larger t., coleris 
majore t., Stat. Silv. 3,1,3. 9, atrium 
(@ part of thet.: v. Dict. Ant.): the t. 
of Liberty, a. Libertatis, Cic. Mil. 22, 59. 
10. donarium (prop. the place where 
gifts ave kept: hence, a t.): lofty ts, 
alta d., Virg. G. 3, 533: Apul. Tbh 
capitolium (any heathen t.): Prud. 
12. insiila: Eccl. 13, expr. by 
the name of the deity to whom it is 
dedicated: when the t. of Vesta was 
burnt, quo tempore Vesta arsit, Ov. Fast. 
6, 437: his weapons being hung on the 
doorpost of the t.of Hercules, armis Her- 
culis ad postem fixis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1,5: 
wt had been better for thee to pass the 
night in the t. of Jupiter, incubare te 
satius fuerat Jovi, Pl. Cure. 2, 2, 16. 
Phr.: having struck the holy t., sacras 
jaculatus arces, Hor. Od. 1, 2, 3 (of the 
Capitol): the t. of his step-mother hard 
by, junctae tecta novercae, Stat. S. 3, 1, 
137: thy t. is at Lampsacus, domus tua 
Lampsaci est, Catal. 18,2: a t. without 
a roof, hypaethrcs, Vitr. 3, 2, I. ll. 
A part of the heau: 1. tempus, dris, 
n.: the spear passed through either t., iit 
hasta per t. utrumque, Virg. Aen. 9, 
418: he strikes Gracchus on the t., Grac- 
cho percutit tempus, Auct. Her. 4, 55, 
68: to bind the ts with a garland, it. 
vincire corona, Hor. Od. 1, 7, 23: adj., 
temporalis: the t. veins, venae t., Veg. 
Vet. 2, 16, 8. Q. sdpor, Oris: the left 
t., laevus s., Stat. S. 2, 3, 29. 
temple-keeper: 1, aelituus: the 
t.-s and guardians, a. custodesque, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 44,96: Hor.: f. -a, Tert.: adj., 
aeditualis, 1b. 9. aedituens, ntis: 
Lucr. 6, 1273: v. Gell. 12, 10 (where he 
argues in favour of the form aeditumus, 
and quotes the verb aeditumor from 
Pompon.: Varr. also says the former is 
the older and better form, R. R. 1, 2, 1). 
8. sacrarius: Inscr. Orell. 4. 
hiérophylax : Scaev. Dig. §, inst- 
laris: Just. 32, 2. 
temporal: |. Pertaining to this 
world : expr. sometimes by himanus: 
ever contemplate these heavenly things, 
and. despise those t. things, haec caelestia 
semper spectato, illa h. contemnito, Cic. 
Rep. 6, 19. In eccl. writers seciilaris, 
temporalis: v. WORLDLY. Il. on- 
ecclesiastical: expr. perhaps by pro- 
fanus, as opp. to sacer: a J. post, *civile 
munus: the t. possessions of the church, 
*bona ecclesiae quae jure saeculi con- 
tinentur (after Kr.) : * bona clericorum : 
* temporalia, quae vocantur. 
temporality ; v. Temporat, II. 
temporary; 1, temporarius: ¢. 
generosity, t. liberalitas, Nep. Att. 11, 3: 
t. friendships, amicitiae t., Sen. Ep. 9, 


|g: a t. theatre, t. theatrum, Plin. 34, 9, 


17. 2. temporalis: a ft. cause, t. 
causa, Sen. N. Q. 7, 23, 2: some add 
that emotion is t., adjiciunt quidam 
maQos temporale esse, Quint. 6, 2, Io. 
8. expr. by ad or in tempus: an 
emotion of the mind which is usually 
brief and t., perturbatio animi quae 
plerumque brevis est et ad t., Cic. Off. 
1, 8, 25: steps hastily constructed and a 
t. theatre, subitarii gradus et scena in t. 
structa, Tac. A. 14, 20. 
temporarily: 1. expr. by ad or 
in tempus: a leader t. chosen, dux ad t. 
lectus, Liv. 28, 42, ad imit.: Cic. Am. 
15,53. 2, temporaliter: Tert. Bh 
temporarie: Salv. 


temporize: |. Tobea time-server : 





expr. by phr. with tempus: fo ¢., tem- 
pori, temporibus servire, Cic. Sest. 6, 14; 
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3; assentiri, id. ib. 1, 
9, 21: in so doing nobody could, thinle 
he was t.ing, quae cum faciebat nemo 
eum temporis causa facere poterat ex- 
istimare, Nep. Att. 9,6: I have not t.d 
in any degree, nihil est a me inservitum 
temporis cansa, Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 2: to be 
always t.ing, semper ex ancipiti muta- 
tione temporum pendere, Curt. 4, 1, 27: 
to adopt a t.ing policy, fortunae appli- 
care sua consilia, Liv. 32, 21, ad jin. 
I. maoror : to delay, put off : v. DELAY. 
temporizer: temporum homo, Curt. 
5, 3, 4 (where the best edd. reject mul- 
torum): they think you are too much of 
a t., existimant te nimis servire tem- 
poribus, Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 3: v. TIME- 
SERVER. 
tempt: |. Zo allure, esp. to evil 
1, tento,1: to t. the minds of the 
slaves by hope and fear, t. animos ser- 
vorum spe et metu, Cic. Clu. 63, 176: 
did the Sardinian sheep - skin t. him 
whom the royal purple did not move ? 
quem purpura regalis non commovit 
eum Sardorum mastruca tentavit? id. 
Aem. Scaur. in Isid. Orig. 19, 3: to f. 
any one to a discussion, t. aliquem ad 
disputandum, id. de Or. 2, 3, 13 (where 
some make ad d. depend upun the foll. 
elicere). 2, attento, 1: he industri- 
ously t.’d the enemies of every one, omni- 
um inimicos diligenter attentavit, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 54,135: lest his fidelity should 
be td, ne sua fides attentetur, id. Or. 61, 
208. 3. sollicito, 1: to t. her chaste 
Jjidelity by gifts, s. pudicam tidem donis, 
Ov. M. 9, 721: to t. the slaves to kill the 
guest, s. servos ad hospitem necandum, 
Cic. Coel. 21, 51: J am t/d to think 
there are no gods, sollicitor nullos esse 
putare deos, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 36. 4. 
indiico, xi, ctum, 3 (constr. with ad or 
in and acc.): to t. any one by bribes, 
by favour, by hope, by promises, pretio, 
gratia, spe, promissis i. aliquem (ad par- 
ricidium), Cic. Rosc. Am. 28, 76: to €. 
any one to tell a lie, i. aliquem ut 
mentiatur, id. Rosc. Com. 16, 46. 5, 
invito, 1: all things +. to sin, invitant 
omnia culpam, Ov. H. 17, 183: to t. to 
sensuality, i. in libidinem, Suet. Cal. 41. 
Join: i. et allicere, Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 17: 
V. ALLURE, ENTICE. §. scandalizo, 1: 
Tert. Phr.: you will vot t. any lady 
by the present of a costly robe, non ullam 
rarae labefactes munere vestis, Catul. 69, 
3. |]. tento, 1: v. TRY, ATTEMPT. 
temptation: 1, usu. expr. by a 
phr. with some verb: the hope of wealth 
has been at. to many to sin, multis in- 
duxit in peccatum pecnniae spes, Auct. 
Her. 2,19,29. Q, sollicitatio : she can- 
not be overcome by t.s, sollicitationibus 
expugnari non potest, Sen. Controv, 2, 
15, ad med. 8, tentatio (common in 
eccl. writers): the whole of life is called 
a t., vita tota t. nominatur, Aug. Conf, 
IO, 32. 4, scandalum (a stumbling- 
block); Tert.: v. ALLUREMENT, ENTICE- 
MENT. Phr.: who does not know that 
the hope of impunity ts the greatest t. to 
sin ? quis ignorat maximam illecebram 
esse peccandi impunitatis spem? Cic. 
Mil. 16, 43: to yield to t., succumbere 
culpae, Virg. Aen. 4, 19 (R. and A.). 
tempter: 1, tentator: Hor. Od. 
3,4, 71: of the Devil, Vulg. Matt. iv. 3. 
9. sollicitator: Sen. Contr. 2, 15, 
ad med. 
tempting (adj.): illécebrosus: v, 
ENTICING. 
ten: décem: poet. also déni: in 
twice t. ships, bis denis navibus, Virg. 
Aen. I, 381: also expr. poet. by bis quin- 
que, Hor. . 2, 1, 24: bis quini, Virg. 
Aen. 2,126: sometimes put for an indef. 
number: if you have t. tongues, si d. 
habeas linguas, Pl. Bac. 1, 2, 20: Hor.: 
the t. commandments, *d. praecepta : d. 
verba, Vulg. Deut. x. 4: décaligus, Tert. 
Anim. 37: t. times, décies (déciens), Cic. : 
used of an indef. number, Hor. A, P. 365: 
Vv. TENFOLD: ¢. each, t. at a time, déni 
(gen. pl. dénum, Cic.; denorum, Liv.): 
t. in measure, denarius, a pipe t..inches 





TENABLE 


in circumference, d. fistula, Plin. 31, 6, 
31: the number t., décussis, is, m., Vitr. 
3, 1, 5: the number t. counted on the 
fingers, denarius digitorum numerus, id. 
ib.: V. DECADE: a measure or weight of 
t. ounces, décuncis, is, m.: Rhem. Fann. 
de ponder. 46 décunx, Prisc. de Ponder. 
p. 1348 P.: containing ¢t. modii, décem- 
médius, Col. 12, 50, 8: a t.-foot measur- 
ing rod, decempeda, Cic. Mil. 27, 74: 
Hor. : ¢. o'clock, hora quarta (diei, noctis 
acc. to Roman computation): @ t- 
months’ child, decemmestris partus, Cen- 
sorin. iJ, 2; filius natus in decem men- 
sibus, Cic. Top. 10, 44: a period of t. 
years, décennium, App. de Deo Socr. p. 
§2: t. years old, décennis, Plin. 8, 44, 
69: lasting t. years, décennis, Quint. 
8, 4, 22; décennaiis, Amm. 15, 12, 
6; per decem annos, Cic.: a festival 
kept every t. years, décennia, décenna- 
lia, Trebell, Gallien. 7, ad fin.: id. ib. 
21, ad fin.: a t.-horse chariot, décem- 
jigis, is, m.: Suet. Ner. 24: having ¢. 
banks of oars, décemrémis, Plin. 7, 56, 
57, § 208: having t. rowlocks, décem- 
scalmus, Cic, Att. 16, 3, ad fin.: having 
t. pillars, dé&cistylos, Vitr. 3, 2, 8: a 
of t. men, décemviri, Cic.- Liv. : 
Vv. DECEMVIR: the t. chief men, décem- 
primi, Cic. Verr. 2, 67, 162: a set of t., 
déciiria, Col. 1, 9, 7: to divide into sets 
of t., déciriare, Liv. 22, 38, ad init.: a 
dividing into sets of t., déciriatus, tis, 
id. ib.: déciriatio, Cic. Planc. 18, 45: 
by sets of t., déciriatim, Charis.: a com- 
mander of t. men, décirio, Varr. L. L. 
5, 16,26 décanus, Veg. Mil. 2, 8, ad jin. : 
Hier.: ¢. per cent, dextantes usurae: v. 
Dict. Ant. 
tenable; expr. by a phr.: quod tueri, 
defendi, teneri potest: lest the works 
which had been finished should not be 
z., ne opus effectum tueri non possit, 
Hirt. B. G. 8, 34, ad fin.: cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 
4; 25. ; 
tenacious: ], ténax, acis: the t. 
pincers, t. forceps, Virg. Aen. 12, 404: 
dirty places t. with thick mud, loca lim- 
osa t. gravi coeno, Tac. A. 1, 63: a ¢. 
morass, t. vorago, Catul. 17, 26: t. wax, 
t. cerae, Virg. G. 4, 161. Fig.: a man 
t. of his purpose, t. propositi vir, Hor. 
Od. 3, 3, 1: ¢. of falsehood and evil, ficti 
pravique t., Virg. Aen. 4, 188: a memory 
most t. for doing good, memoria bene- 
ficiendi tenacissima, Plin. Ep. 10, 7. 
2. pertinax, acis (very t.): is his 
father t.? ay, very ¢., tenaxne pater 
ejus est? immo p., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 39: 
a finger that pretends to be t., digitus 
male p., Hor. Od. I, 9, 24: Vv. PERTIN- 
ACIOUS. 8, rétinens, ntis (observant 
of : constr. with gen.): a man t. of his 
own rights and dignities, homo sui juris 
dignitatisque r., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, 11: 
t. of his ancestral nobility, avitae nobi- 
litatis r., Tac. A. 2, 38, ad jin. 4, 
firmus (steadfast): a man t. of his pur- 
pose, vir proposito f., Vell. 2, 63, 3: a 
man most t. of the cause he has under- 
taken, vir in suscepta causa firmissimus, 
Cic. Mil. 33, gt. 5, lentus (pliant, 
adhesive): glue, more tenacious than 
birdlime or pitch, gluten visco et pice 
lentius, Virg. G. 4, 41: ¢. chains, 1. vin- 
cula, Pl. Men. 1, 1, 18: v. CLINGING. 
tenaciously : 1, téniaciter: to 
grasp t., t. premere, Ov. H. 9, 21: to 
grasp more t. with the hand, manu tena- 
cius apprehendere, Val. Max. 7, 5, 2. 
2. pertinaciter (very t.): to cling 
more t., magis p. haerere, Quint. I, 1, 5. 
Phr.: they cling t. to that system as to 
@ rock, ad eam disciplinam tanquam ad 
gaxum adhaerescunt, Cic. Acad. 2, 3, 8. 
tenacity: 1, ténacitas: to seize 
food by the t. of their talons, cibum un- 
guium tenacitate arripere, Cic. N. D, 2, 
47, 122. 2. lentor (toughness, viscid- 
tty): the t. of pitch, l. picis, Plin. 11, 16, 
22. 
tenancy: 1. conductio(ahiring): 
the tenant being dead within the time of 
his ¢., mortuo conductore intra tempora 
conductionis, Just. Inst. 3, 24,6: the law 
of t., lex conductionis, Gai. Dig. 19, 2, 
25, $6 3. Q, inquilinatus, is: Vert. 


TENDENCY 


8. incdlatus, iis (a gen. term: resid- 
ing, inhabiting a particular locality) : 
Modest. Dig. 50, 1, 34. 

tenant (subs.): 1, conductor (one 
who hires or rents): he remitted the ts’ 
yearly rent for their dwellings, mercedes 
habitationum annuas conductoribus don- 
avit, Caes. B. C. 3, 21: f. -trix, Diocl. et 
Maxim. Cod. 4 65, 24. 2. cdlonus 
(at. who holds tand) : you have not come 
into it as a landlord but as a t., non 
dominus isto sed c, intrasti, Sen. Ep. 88, 
12: the sturdy, rent-paying t., fortis 
mercede c., Hor. S. 2, 2, 115: cf. Col. 1, 
7, pass.: a t. who pays the rent with 

rt of his produce, c. partiarius, Gai. 
Dig. 19, 2, 25, § 6: f. -a, Paul. Dig. 19, 
2, 54, extr. 8, inquilinus (a t.-at- 
will who occupies a house): the t.s of 
private houses and lodging-houses, i. pri- 
vatarum aedium atque insularum, Suet. 
Ner. 44: opp. to dominus, Cic. Phil. 
2, 41, 105. 4, insilarius (one who 
lives in a subdivided house or insula: 
v. Dict. Ant.): Petr. y5, 8. 5, expr. 
more indef. by babitator or incdla: de- 
cent t.s have rented your house, domum 
tuam mundi habitatores conduxerunt, 
Cie. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 3: @ new t., novus in- 
cola, Hor. S. 2, 2, 128: v. INHABITANT. 
Phr.: three brothers, t.s in common, 
consortes tres fratres, Cic. Verr. 3, 23, 
57: who was the t. of that estate before 
your grandfather? ante avum tuum 
quis agrum istum tenuit? Sen. Ep. 88, 
12: an hereditary t., perpetuarius, Cod. 
Just. II, 70, 5. 

tenant (v.): hibito, 1: v. INHABIT. 

tenantable: expr. by the phr. sar- 
tus tectus (usu. in pl. as a subs., sarta 
tecta): to require places to be in t. re- 
pair, sarta tecta exigere, Liv. 29, 37: 
Ciec.: cf. Ulp. Dig. 1, 6, 17: or by habi- 
tabilis, Plin. 9, 10, 12: V. HABITABLE. 

tenantless; vacuus: Vv. UNINHA- 
BITED. 

tenantry: perb. expr. by céloni, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 34: V. TENANT. 

tench: tinca: the greenish t.s, virides 
t., Aus. Idyll. ro, 125: Tinca vulgaris, 
Cuv.: cyprinus T., Linn. 

tend: |. Trans.: To take care 
of: 1, cdlo, cdlui, cultum, 3: fo ¢. 
the vine, vitem c., Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38: to 
| ¢. trees, c. arbores, Hor. Od. 2, 14, 22: 
to t. one's tresses, c. capillos, Tib. 1, 8, 
9. 2. ciiro, 1: to t. the vineyard, 
c. vineam, Cato in Plin. 17, 22, 35, 
§ 195: tot. bees, c. apes, Col. 9, 14, I. 

3 prociro- to ¢. trees, p. arbores, 
'Cato R.R 43, eztr.: to ¢. children, p. 
pueros, Pl. Puen. prolog. 29: v. CARE 
FOR, 4, assideo, sédi, sessum, 2 
med. t, ¢.: to sit at a bed-side): have 
you any one to t. you? habes qui asside- 
| at? Hor. S. 1, 1, 82: Cels. 3, 4, ad med. 
|Phr.: what care ts needed 


(en EERE 














Virg.G.1,3. JJ, Intrans.: 
in a given direction: 
| tendi, tensum and tentum, 3: hither we 


To go 


| all t., huc tendimus omnes, Ov. M. to, | 


34: the palm-tree ts upwards, sursum 
tendit palmes, Col. 5,6, 28: whither art 
thou tending, my Muse ? quo Musa tend- 
is? Hor. Od. 3,3,70: do you understand 
to what these things I am saying t.? 
tenesne quorsum haecce tendant quae 
| loquor? Pl. Ps. 1, 2,81 (86). 2, specto, 
| 1 (to look): to what does the whole of this 
Speech t.? quorsum haec omnis spectat 
oratio? Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26: things t. to 


| war, ad arma res spectat, id. Fam. 14, 5, | 


jad med.: Liv. 8. pertineo, tinui, 
|tentum, 2: see to what that t.s, illud 
|quo pertineat videte, Cic. Agr. 2, 8, 20: 
| matters seemed in no wise to t. to alle- 
viate their wrongs, res nibil ad levandas 
injurias p. videbantur, Caes. B. C. 1, 9. 
Phr.: all things t. downwards, deor- 
sum cuncta feruntur, Lier. 2, 202: whi- 
ther am I tending? quo feror? Ov. M. 
9, 509: thither (i. e. to Tiberius) every- 
thing t.'d, illuc cuncta vergere, Tac. A. 
I, 3, ad med. 
tendency: 1, inclinatio: the t. 
of affairs in the state, inclinationes re- 
rum in republica, Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 11: 


in t.ing | 
| cattle, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, | 


1, tendo, té- | 


TENDER 





cruelty is a t. of the mind to undue 
severity, crudelitas est i. animi ad as 
periora, Sen. Clem. 2, 4, 3: v. IncLina- 
TION. 2. Tatio: he never offended 
any one of the opposite t. and faction, 
neminem unquam alterius rationis ac 
partis offendit, Cic. Balb. 26, 58: but to 
this there is added that diverse t. of the 
speech, buic autem est illa dispar ad- 
juncta r. orationis, id. de Or. 2, 44, 185. 
Join: r. atque inclinatio, id. Verr. 5, 
69, 177. 8, propensio (very rare): 
Cic. Fin. 4, 17. 47. 4, proclivitas 
(rare): in good things this may be 
te rmed readiness, in bad things t., haec 
in bonis rebus facilitas nominetur, ip 
malis p., Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28. 5. 
libramentum (downward t.): Plin. Ep. 
4. 30: Plin. Phr.: terrestrial objects 
are borne towards the earth by their own 
downward t. and weight, terrena suopte 
nutu et suo pondere in terram feruntur, 
Cic. Tusc. 1,17, 40: thet. and impulse of 
men’s minds to true glory and honour, 
cursus atque impetus animorum ad 
veram laudem atque honestatem, id. 
ib. 2, 24, 58: the ¢. of eloquence is the 
applause of the hearers, effectus eloquen- 
tiae est audientium approbatio, id. ib, 2, 
I, 3 (Nagelsb.): having rather too strong 
at. to pleasure, paullo ad voluptates pro- 
pensior, id. Off. 1, 30, 105: these things 
seemed to have no t. to lighten his wrongs, 
qtiae res nihil ad levandas injurias per- 
tinere videbantur, Caes, B. C. 1, g. 

tender (v.): déféro, detili, délatum, 
3: to t. an oath, d, jusjurandum, Quint. 
5, 6.6: v. OFFER. 

tender (subs.): |. Expr. by pbr.: 
V.OFFER. ||, A vessel attending upona 
larger one: no exact word: im Cic. Inv. 
2, 51, 154, Scapha is a small boat attached 
to a merchant vessel: v. SHIP. 

tender (adj.): 1, téner, éra, rum 
(soft, gentle, sensitive): a tall and t. 
palm-tree, procera et t, palma, Cic. Leg. 
I, 1,2: the t. roots of reeds, t. radices 
arundinum, Caes. B.C. 3, 58: the ¢. soles 
of the feet, t. plantae, Virg. E. To, 49: 
apples with t. bloom, t. lanugine mala, 
id. ib. 2, 51: at. fowl, t. gallina, Hor. 5. 
2, 4,20: at. calf, t. vitulus, id Od. 4, 2, 
54: a t. boy, t. puer, Prop. 2, §, 10: ten- 
derer years, teneriores anni, Quint. 2, 7 
3: from the tenderest years, a tenero, id 
1, 2,18: int. youth, in teneris, Virg. G. 2, 
292: very t., praetener, Plin. 25, 13, 99. 
Fig.: virtue is t. and tractable in 
Sriendship, virtus est in amicitia t. et 
tractabilis, Cic. Am. 13, 48: a t. heart, 
t. cor, Tib. 1, 1, 64: at. poet, t. poeta, 
Ov. R. Am. 757: a t. poem, t. poema, 
Cic. Div. 1, 31,66: v.amatory. [N.B— 
The phr. a t. unguiculis, de t. ungui, 
usu. trans. “from the tenderest years,” 
more prob. mean “ entirely, utterly :” 
cf. Orelli on Hor. Od. 3, 6, 24. Also 
“ t. passion” is perb. most nearly expr. 
by dulcis amor, id. Od. 1, 9, 15, since t, 
Amor is always the ¢. God of love, Ov. 
A. A. 1,7: Tib. 2, 6, 1. 9. ténellus 
(dimin. of preced. » rare): pretty, t., little 
Casina, bella t. Casina, Pl. Cas.1, 20: Stat. 

3, ténellilus (dimin. of preced., 
hence doubly dimin.: very rare): a 
maid tenderer than the tenderest little kid, 
puella t. delicatior haedo, Catul. 17, 15. 
4, mollis (soft, mild: esp. freq. in 
poet.): ¢. cheeks, m. genae, Ov. H. Io, 44: 
t. doves, m. columbae, Hor, Od. 1, 37, 18: 
t. age, mollis aetas, Ov. A. A. I, 10: m. 
anni, id. H.1, 111: a ¢. gaze, m. vultus, 
id. M.10, 609. Fig.: ¢. verses, m. versus, 
id. Trist. 2, 307: a very t. poem, carmen 
mollissimum, Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 3: hard 
hearts are conquered by t. entreaties, 
vincuntur m. pectora dura prece, Tib. 3, 
4, 76: t. laments, m. querelae, Hor. Od, 
2, 9, 18: v. PATHETIC. Join: m. te 
nerque, Cic. Brut. 9, 38: t. ac m., id. 
Div. 1, 31, 66. Catul uses the dimin, 
molticiilus (16, 4) and mollicellus (25, 
10): v.sorr. 9, délic&tus (rare): at. 
little she-goat, d. capella, Catul. 20, 10; 
t. sheep, d. oves, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, extr. 
Join: d. tenerque, Plin. 19, 8, 41, § 137. 
Fig.: atenderer and softer view of we 
delicatior mo! liorque vitae ratio, Cic. 
845 











TENDER, BECOME 





TENT 





5, 5, 12. 6. indulgens, ntis (fond, 
kind, disposed to male allowances): a 
state by no means t. towards its pri- 
soners, civitas minime in captivos i., 
Liv. 22, 61, ad init.: the more loving and 
t. the very name of a mother ts, quo ip- 
sum nomen amantius indulgentiusque 
maternum, Cic. Clu. 5, 12. 7. pius: 
V. AFFECTIONATE. 8, Sometimes expr. 
py dimin.: a t. age, aetatula, Cic. Fin. 
5, 20, 55: at. flower, flosculus, id. Off. 2, 
12, 43: at. maiden, virguncula, Juv. 13, 
40: a t. babe, infantulus, App. M. 8. p. 
207, ad fin.: also by way of endearment: 
my t. little heart, corculum, Pl. Cas. 4, 
4, 14 (q. v.): “#. chickens” (iron.), tur- 
turillae, Sen. Ep. 96, 5: the expr. is 
made more intense by joining a dimin. 
adj. and subs.: her t. eyes are swollen 
with weeping, flendo turgiduli fiunt 
ocelli, Catul. 3, 18: or by two dimin. : 
Tullia, our t. little darling, ‘Tulliola, 
deliciolae nostrae, Cic. Att. 1, 8, extr. 
Phr.: to make food t. (by cooling), 
cibum mitigare, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151: 
the part is slightly t. to the toueh, tactu 
locus leviter indolescit, Cels. 8, 9, ad 
init.: t. looks, oculi fatentes ignem (of 
lovers), Ov. A. A. I, 573. 
tender, tecome: 1. ténéresco, 3: 
of grapes, Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 189: Cels. 
9, ténérasco, 3: Lucr. 3,763. 3. 
mollesco, 3}: v. BECOME SOFT. 
—— -hearted; miséricors: v. PITI- 
FUL. 
— -heartedness: miséricordia : 
V. PITY, COMPASSION. 
tenderly: 1, ténére: fo recite t., 
t. recitare, Plin. Ep. 4, 27,1: Tac. 2, 
indulgenter (/cindly, forbearingly): to 
treat too t., indulgentius tractare, Sen. | 
Ben. 4, 32,1: Cic. Phr.: togazet. upon, 
molli vultu aspicere, Ov. M. 10, 3 
tenderness: 1. ténéritas: the ¢. 
of grapes, t. uvarum, Plin. 15, 24, 29: 
the t. of age, t. aetatis, Vitr. 4, 1, 8. 
Join: t. et mollities, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58. 
9, tenérittiido: Suet.: Varr. 3. 
mollitia or mollities, ei (softness: only 
used fig.): ¢. and gentleness of disposi- 
tion, mollitia animi et lenitas, Cic. Sull. 
6, 18: V. SUSCEPTIBILITY. 4, indul- 
gentia (kindness: esp. such as arises 
From relationship) : brought up with her 
fostering cave and t., in hujus sinu i.que 
educatus, Tac. Agr. 4: what t. ought we 
to show towards our children! qua nos | 
in liberos nostros i, esse debemus ! Cic. 
de Or. 2, 40, 168. §, piétus: v. AFFEC- 
TION. 
tending: cultus, cultiira: v. cULTI- | 
VATION. 
tendon: 1, nervus: Cels. 2, 1, 
ad med. 9. ténon, ontis, m. (révwv): 
Coel. Aur. Acut. 3, 3: also in med. Latin, 
tendo, dinis or ddnis: v. SINEW. 
tendril: 1, pampinus (usu. of 
@ vine): the t.s sprout from the eyes, 
ex gemmis p. pullulant, Col. 3, 18, 
4: to remove the ts, p. detergere, 
Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 175. Of climbing 
plants: to put forth t.s, p. emittere, id. 
16, 35, 63. Of t.-like filaments: eggs 
quivering on a curling t.-like filament, 
ova tortili vibrata pampino, id. 9, 51, 74. 
9. clavictila: Cic. Sen. 15,52. 3, 
vitictila: the t.s of a cucumber, v. cu- 
cumeris, Pall. 4, 9, 8: of creeping plants, 
Plin. 24, 11, 58. 4. cipredlus (of the 
vine): Plin. 17, 23, 38, § 208: Vv. VINE- 








LEAF. 5, caulis, is, m.: Cat. R. R. 
33, 4. 6, artus, is: Plin. 14, 1, 3 
(al. arcus). 7, custos, ddis: Col. 4, 
2iass 


tenement: nearest word perb. con- 
ductum (that which is rented) : nor shall 
you enter my t. although you may be the 
landlord, nec c. meum qnanquam sis 
dominus intrabis, Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 3: to 
rent some t. out of town, extra portam 
aliquid habere conducti Cic. Clu. 62, 
175: for the more indef. sage see POs- 
SESSION, ABODE. 

tenesmus:; ténesmos, i, m.: Plin. 
28, 14, 59: in Cels. 4, 18, the Gr. reve- 
aos is used. 

tenet: expr. by décrétum, which is 
Cic.’s ene of Séyua (decreta quam | 

84 





philosophi vocant doyuara, Acad. 2, 9, 
27): but he also uses dogma, atis, m. as 
a Lat. word: it is a t. commwn to you 
and me, mibi tecum est d. commune, 
id. 2, 43, 133. Sen. says, quae Graeci 
vocant dogmata nobis vel “decreta’”’ 
licet appellare, vel “scita” vel “placita,” 
Ep.95, 10: he further distinguishes (Ep. 
94, 31) decreta (general t.s) from prae- 
cepta (special rules or maxims). It may 
be trans. by instititum: let each man 
defend his opinions: we shall hold our 
t.s, defendat quod quisque sentit: nos 
i. tenebimus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 7: or by 
ratio: the t.s and system of the Stoics, 
Stoicorum r. disciplinaque, id. Off. 3, 4, 
20: V. OPINION. 

tenfold; décemplex, icis: a #. force 
of the enemy, d. numerus hostium, Nep. 
Milt. 5, 5: décemplicatus (ten times re- 
peated) occurs in Varr. L. L. 6, 5, 62, d. 
verba : ¢. their value, decies tanto pluris 
quam quanti essent, Liv. 39, 44: of the 
soil, to bring forth t., efficere, efferre 
cnm decumo, Cic. Verr. 3, 47, 112 and 
113: a t. quantity, décuplum (subs.), 
Hier. 

tennis; no exact word: perh. a £.- 
ball may be expr. by paganica (sc. pila, 
a ball stuffed with feathers), Mart. 14, 
45: hence, a game at t., *paganicae lus- 
us: to play at t., *paganica ludere: v. 
BALL: a t. player, pilicrépus (?), Sen. 
Ep. 56, 1, where occurs the phr. numer- 
are pilas (to count the hits ?), in some 
unknown game of ball: also expr. by 
lusor (player) or colliisor (partner), 
Sen. Ben. 2, 17, 3: @ t.-court, sphaeri- 
stérium, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 12: Suet. 

tenon: 1, cardo masciilus, Vitr. 
9, 8, 11 (opp. to cardo femisia, mortise). 

9. subscus, ciidis, f. (pl. subscu- 

dines, Aug.): joined by t.s and mortises, 
compactus subscudibus et securiclis, 
Vitr. 4, 7, 4: V. DOVETAILED. 

tenor: * vox tertia (Kr.): to havea 
t. voice, *voce tertia canere (Kr.). 

tenour: 1, ténor (unbroken 
course): the t. of life, t. vitae, Ov. H.17, 
14: to preserve the t. of the discourse, t. 
in narrationibus servare, Quint. 10, 7, 
6: inaneven and unbroken t. of right 
which was always preserved and never 
interrupted, uno et perpetuo t. juris 
semper usurpato nunquam intermisso, 
Liv. 35, 16: 7 was by no means con- 
venient that the t. of affairs should be 
interrupted in the transaction of which 
continuity was of itself of the highest 
importance, interrumpi t. rerum, in 
quibus peragendis continuatio ipsa effi- 
cacissima esset, Minime convenire, id. 
41, 15: esp. as a leg. t. ¢.: according to 
the t. of the lex Aquilia, pro tenore legis 
Aguiliae, Paul. Dig. 9, 2, 56. 2. ex- 
emplum (purport): a letter is brought 
of the following t., litterae sunt allatae 
hoc exemplo, Cic. Att. 9, 6: to write 
twice in the same t., bis eodem e. scri- 
bere, id. Fam. 9, 16, init.: v. PURPORT, 
DkiET. Phr.: to be drawn into a cer- 
tain way and t. of living, implicari ali- 
quo certo genere cursuque vivendi, Cic. 
Off. 1, 32, 179. 

tense (adj.): 
STRETCHED, 

tense (subs.): tempus, Oris, n.: the 
past t., praeteritum (sc. t.), Quint. 1, 4, 
29: the present, the future t., t. praesens, 
futurum, Prisc. 813, 814, P. ‘Whe past 
t.s were distinguished as praeteritum 
imperfectum, praeteritum perfectum, 
and plusquamperfectum, id. ib.: to 
blunder im one’s t.s, per tempora pec- 
care, Quint. 1, 5, 47. 

tension: 1, intentio: t. of the 
body, i. corporis, Cic. Tusc. f, 10, 20: ¢. 
of the nerves, i. nervorum, Col. 6, 6, 1: 
opp. to remissio, Gell. 18, 10, ad fin. 

2, tensio: t of the nerves and 

veins, t. nervorum venarumque, Veg. 
Viet.nks 20a 3. tenstira: id. ib.: 
qualitied by “ut ita dixerim.” 4. 
tendor: a t. of the throat, t. faucium, 
App. M. 4, p. 153: V. STRAINING, DIS- 


TENTION. 
|. A portable lodging of 


tent: a 
canvass, etc.: ], tabernacidum (a 


tentus: v. RIGID, 








TENTH 





more gen. term than tentorium, includ- 
ing even buts and booths): a military 
t., t. militare, Cic. Brut. 9, 37: the royal 
t., t. regium, Liv. 24, 40: t.s adorned 
with woven figures, t. textilibus sigillis 
adornata, Val. Max. 9, 1, ext. 4: t. 
Formed of linen cloth, t. carbaseis intenta 
velis, Cic. Verr. 5, 12, 30: to pitch a t., 
t. collocare, id. ib. : ponere, id. ib. 5, 33, 
87: statuere, constituere, Caes. B. C. 1, 81 
aud 80: to pitch t.s of goat’s-hair cloth, 
t. metari ciliciis, Plin. 6, 28, age 143: 
to strike t.s, t. detendere, Caes, B. C. 3, 
85. Fig.: those who have, as it were, 
pitched their t. for life in philosophy 
alone, isti qui in una philosophia quasi 
t. vitae suae collocarunt, Cie. de Or. 3, 
20, 77). 2. tentorium: to pitch t.s, t. 
ponere, Ov. F. 3, 527; figere, Lucan 1, 
396: t. with snow-white cloth, niveis t. 
velis, Virg. Aen. 1, 469: Hirt.: adj., of or 
belonging to a t., tentorius: t.-s/cins, t. 
pelles, Valer. in Trebell. Claud. 14, 3. 
3, tentdridlum (dimin. of preced.) : 
little t.s being made of garments, ex 
vestimentis t. factis, Auct. B. Afr. 47. 
4, contuberninm (a common war- 
t.): to see the enemy from one’s t.s, ec. 
hostem aspicere, l'ac. A. I, 17, extr.: 
Caes. B. C. 3, 76. 5, praetorium (the 
general’s t.): to pitch the general’s t., p. 
tendere, Caes. B.C. 3, 82. 6, régia (the 
king’s t.): Curt. 9,5, 30: Liv. ‘7, pellis, 
is, f. (prop. @ sicin: hardly used except 
in the phr. sub pellibus): to pass the 
winter in t.s, sub p. hiemare, Caes. B. G. 
3, 13, ad fin. 8. papilio (a pavilion : 
named from the butterfly): in open t.s, 
apertis p., Lampr. Alex. Sev. 51, 5. 
Phr: to pitch a t., tendere (sc. taberna- 
culum): here Achilles used to pitch his t., 
hic tendebat Achilles, Virg. Aen. 2, 29 : 
Caes.: a child brought up in the t.s and 
companionship of the legions, infans in 
contubernio legionum educatus, Tac. A. 
I, 41: @ t.-companion, contibernalis, 
Cic. Ligar. 7, 21: @ t.-maker, tabernact- 
larius, Inscr. Grut.: the art of t.-mak- 
ing, scenofactoria ars, Vulg. Act. xviii. 3: 
dwellers in ts, Scénitae (geogr. t. f.), 
Plin. 6, 28, 32,§ 151. [J], A voll of lint 
for a sore: 1, collyrium: Cels. 5, 28, 
12, pass.; Plin. 2, collyridlum (dimin. 
of preced.): Ps. Macer 314 (No. 12), ed. 
Choulant. 8. penécillum or pené- 
cillus: Cels. 2, 10, ad jin.: Plin. 4. 
turunda: Cato R. R. 157, 14. 
tentacle: 1, cornictilum (a little 
horn: hence a long filament): others, 
as for instance butterflies, have t.s before 
their eyes, aliis c. ante oculos praeten- 
duntur ut papilionibus, Plin. 11, 28, 34. 
2. brachium (an arm: applied to 
the t.s of polypi, etc.): Plin. 9, 29, 46. 
3. crinis, is, m. or f. (in pl. only, of 
the polypus): Plin. 9, 29, 46. 4, cir- 
Tus (in pl. like preced.): Plin. 26, 8, 373 
9, 28, 44: V. FEELER. 5, flagellum 
(prop. a whip): to put out the ts, f. 
dimittere, Ov. M. 4, 367. 6. barba: 
Trebius in Plin. 9, 30, 48, ad fin. We 
in M. Lat. *anteuna (a sail-yard), *ten- 
tactilum. 
tentative: et by a phr. with 
tentatively : § experior or tento: v. 
TRY, ATTEMPT: friendship outruns judg- 
ment and deprives us of the power of 
proceeding t.ly, amicitia praecurrit judi- 
cium. tollitque experiendi potestatem, 
Cic. Am. 17, 62. 
tented: the t. field, *campus ten- 
toriis constratus: ef. Liv. 35, 49. 
tenter-hook: no exact word: expr. 
by hamus: v. HOOK: tentipellium is a 
leather-stretcher, see Fest. 8. v- 
tenth: décimus or déciimus; the ¢. 
legion, d. legio, Caes. B. G. 4, 25: the t. 
month, d. mensis, Pl. Am. 1, 2, 19: the 
t. wave, (supposed to be larger than the 
rest), d. unda, Ov. M. 11, 530 (fluetus 
decumanus, Fest.): for the t. time, deci- 
mum, Liv. 6, 42: of or belonging to the 
t., décimanus or déctimanus: men of 
the t. legion, décimani, Tac. H. 5, 20: 
to put every t. man to death, decimare: 
Vv. DECIMATE. Phr.: the rest were 
punished by choosing every t. man by 
lot for punishment, cetera multitudo 


TENUITY TERN 





sorte decimus quisque ad supplicium 
lecti, Liv. 2, 59, extr. 

tenuity : raritas: v. THINNESS. 

tenure: no exact word; Cic. speak- 
ing of certain land-owners in Sicily says 
vetustate possessionis se, non jure, mis- 
ericordia senatus, non agri conditione 
defendunt, Agr. 2, 21, 57 perb. *possi- 
dendi conditio (“manner of possesstun,” 
Blackstone). 

tepid: 1, tépidus (not in Cic.): 
t. vapour, t. vapor, Lucr. 2, 858: ¢. mi/lc, 
t. lac, Ov. M. 7, 247: the ¢. sunshine, 
t. sol, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 19: adj., of or be- 
longing to that which ts t., tépidarius: 
a brazen vessel for t. water, ahenum t., 
Vitr. 5, to, t: @ ft. bath, tepidarium 
(subs.), Cels. 1, 3, ad init. 9, tépens, 
ntis (prop. a part.: poet.). t. airs, t. 
aurae, Virg. G. 2, 330: ¢. tears, t. la- 
crimae, lib. 2, 5, 77. 8, égélidus 
(prop. with the chill off: poet.): 6 
spring, t. ver, Col. 10, 282 (poet.): ¢. 
mildness, e. tepores, Catul. 46, 1: v- 
LUKEWARM. 

— be: tépeo, 2: is there any place 
where the winters are more t.? est ubi 
plus tepeant hiemes? Hor. Ep. 1, Io, 15. 

— become: tépesco, 3: to become 
t. in the sunshine, sole t., Ov. M. 3, 412: 
the seas when agitated by the winds 

t., maria ventis agitata t., Cic. 
f D. 2, 10, 26. 

— make: tépéfacio, féci, factum, 
3 (second @ long in Catul. 64, 361): the 
sun makes the ground t., sol t. solum, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 40: to make his sword 
t. in the throat of his mother, ferrum t. 
matris in jugulo, Hor. S. 2, 3, 136: 
Virg. 

tepidity : tépor: a moderate t., mo- 
dicus t., Cic. Sen. 15, 53: the t. of the 
sun, t. solis, Liv. 41, 2. 

a tepidly : tépide: Plin. Ep. 5, 2, 25: 

i) 


terebinth: térébinthus, i, f.: the t. 
of Oricum, Oricia t., Virg. Aen. 10, 136: 
Plin.: * Pistacia t., Linn. 

teredo: téredo oe borer): Plin. 16, 
41, 80: *t. navalis, Linn. 

tergiversate : tergiversor, 1 (toturn 
one’s back): when death is near he t.s, 
trembles, weeps, cum mors prope accessit, 
tergiversatur, tremit, plorat, Sen. Ep. 
77,11: am I to delay and t. ? an cuncter 
et tergiverser? Cic. Att. 7, 12, ad med. : 
VY. SHUFFLE, DRAW BACK. 

tergiversation: tergiversatio: J 
approve of that t., t. istam probo, Cic. Att. 
10, 7, init.: what then was the reason ? 
delays and t., quid ergo erat? morae et 
tergiversationes, id. Mil. 20, 54 (Halm) : 
V. SHUFFLING, SUBTERFUGE. 

term (subs.) : |. Limit: termin- 
us: there is no fixed t. for old age, 
senectutis nullus est certus t., Cic. Sen. 
20, 72: the t. of life, vitae termini, id. 
Rab. Perd. 10, 29: V. BOUND, LIMIT. 

[1]. A stated period of time: iL 
spatium (a length of time): a t. of 
about 30 days, dierum fere triginta s., 
Cic. Verr. 2, 79, 96: a set and appointed 
t., comparatum et constitutum s., id. 
Rab. Perd. 2, 6: to hold for a long t., 
longo s. tenere, id. Off. 2, 23, 81: Hor-: 
¢. PERIOD. 9. dies, ei (an appointed 
time: most freq. f. in this sense): the ¢. 
of the truce had expired, a. induciarum 
exierat, Liv. 4, 30, ad fin.: a fixed t., 
expr. by d. stata, id 27. 23, extr.; prae- 
stituta, Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93: I fiz a toler- 
ably long t., d. statuo satis laxam, id. 
Att. 6, 1, 16 (for payment): v. TIME. 

3, *terminus. in M. L. it is used 
for a law or university t.: Master t., t. 
Paschalis. Ill. A word, expression : 

1, verbum = in set ¢.s, verbis con- 
ceptis, Cic. Clu. 48, 134: v. WORD. 9. 
terminus: used as a ¢. ¢. in arithmetic, 
Boéth. Inst. Arithm. 2, 47, e¢ pass.: by 
writers on logic to denote the subject or 
predicate of a proposition. Phr.: the 
decree of the senate is couched in such 
t.s that..., senatus consultum ea per- 
scriptione est ut..., Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 4. 

IV. In the pl., Conditions: i 
conditio: the fairness of the t.s, aequitas 
conditionum, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, ad init. : 


when peace was made on those t.s, qauum 
in eas c. pax conveniret, Liv. 2g, 12, ad 
jin. : the t.s were not acceded to, c. non 
convenerunt, Nep. Han. 6, 2: om any 
t.s, ulla conditione, Cic, Fin. §, 20, 55. 
9. lex, légis, f.: to debate about 
the t.s (of surrender), disceptare de legi- 
bus, Liv. 26, 17: we are born on these 
t.s, ea lege....ea conditione, nati sumus, 
ut...,;-Cic. Fam: 5, 16, 2. Phr.; to 
come to t.s, comparare inter se, Liv. 24, 
10: V. AGREE: if they could come to t.s, 
si posset inter eos aliquid convenire, Cic. 
Leg. £, 20, 53: Iwill not drink on any 
other t.s, non alia bibam mercede, Hor, 
Od. 1, 27, 13. VY. In certain phrr., 
relation of friendship or enmity: expr. 
by various phrr.: J am on good t.s with 
him, mihi cum illo magna gratia est, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 20: if the Romans wish 
to be on good t.s with them, si suam 
gratiam Romani velint, Caes. B. G. 4, 7: 
relatives on good t.s with one another, 
bene convenientes propinqui, Cic. Off. 1, 
17,58. to be on bad t.s with his sister, 
esse in simultate cum sorore, Nep. Att. 
1, 1: on what terms is Maecenas with 
you? Maecenas quomodo tecum? Hor. 
S. 1, 9, 43. 
term (.): 
NAME. 
termagant: perh. best expr. by 
several words: *mulier litium et rixae 
cupida (Kr.): Gell. 1, 17, calls Xan- 
thippe morosa, jurgiosa, acerba: v. 
SCOLD, VIXEN. 
terminal: |. Forming a bound- 
ary: terminalis: a t. stone, t. lapis, 
Amm. 18, 2, 15. [I]. Performed at 
the expiration of certain periods : expr. 
by a phr.: money due in t. payments : 
*pecunia certis, statis, diebus numer- 
anda. 
terminate: |. Trans.: ter- 
mino, 1 (to set bounds to): to t. a sen- 
tence, t. sententiam, Cic. Or. 59, 199: Dig. : 
usu. expr. by finio, 4: Vv. END, CLOSE. 
Phr.: tot. a friendship abruptly: ami- 
citiam opprimere, Cic. Am. 21, 78. 
|], Intrans.: usu. expr. by a pass. 
verb, or a phr.: my command for the 
year having t.d, imperio annuo ter- 
minato, Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 4: sentences t. 
with verbs, sententiae verbis finiuntur, 
id. de Or. 3, 49, 191: nor did the matter 
t. the next day, nec postero die res finem 
invenit, Liv. 26, 17: V. END, CEASE. 
In speaking of words or sentences the 
foll. rhet. t. t. are used : 1, cado, cé- 
cidi, cdsum, 3: words t. better in longer 
syllables, verba melius in syllabas long- 
iores cadunt, Cic. Or. 57, 194: @ speech 













































nunciipo, £: Vv. CALL, 


9, 4, 32: to t. in the same inflexions, 


as similiter desinere is merely fo ¢. in 
the same letters). 9, excido, cidi, 3: 
to t. in short syllables, in breves e., 
Quint. 9, 4, 106. 3. innitor, nixus or 
nisus, 3: ow syllables t. harshly in 
B or D, syllabae nostrae in B literam 
et D innituntur aspere, Quint. 12, Io, 
32. 

termination: 1, finis, is, m.: 
V. END, CONCLUSION. 2. exitus, Us: 
cases that are alilve in their t., casus in 
exitu similes, Cic. Or. 49, 164. 3: 
clausiila (close) : let us come to the t. (of 
the letter), veniamus ad c., Cic. Phil. 13, 
21, 47: to male a good t., bonam ¢, im- 
ponere (vitae), Sen. Ep. 77, extr.: so of 
the t. of a clause, Cic. Or. 64, 216. 4. 
missio (cessation): before the t. of the 
games, ante ludorum missionem, Cic. 
Fam, 5, 12, 8. 5, positio (as gvam. 
t. t. only): “lepus” and “lupus” have 
the same t., lepus et lupus similia p»si- 
tione, Quint. 1, 6, 12. 

terminology: expr. by vueavala 
artis, v. TECHNICAL: @ new t¢., novitas 
nominum, Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 3: not so much 
a discoverer of facts as the inventor oJ 
a new t., non tam rerum inventor quam 
novorum verborum, id. ib 3, 2, 5: cf. 
Tusce. 5, 11, 32 (R. and A.): dialecticians 
employ their own t., dialectic} quis verbis 
utuntur, id. Acad. 1, 7, 25. 

tern; *sterna: v. GULL. 





t.ing suitably, apte cadens oratio, Quint. | 
WGaes) Bb. C.-1,. 15) 
similiter c. Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206 (where- | 





TERROR 


ternary: t¢rnarius: Boéth. Inst, 
Arithm. 1, 11, et pass.: Col. 
terrace: no precise equiv.: the 
nearest are: 1, agger, Gris, m. (a 
heap or mound of earth): towalkona 
sunny t., aggere in aprico spatiari, Hor, 
S. 1, 8, 15 (said of the embankment con- 
necting the Esquiline and Collatine 
bills). 2. sdlarium (prop. a part of 
the house exposed to the sun: a fiat 
house-top, balcony, or =a Pl. Mil 2, 4, 
25: Suet. Ner. 16. , subdialia, n. 
pl. (orai®pia: open galleries or t8): 
Plin. 36,25,62. Phr.: a garden t. sup- 
ported on arches, pensilis ambulatio, id. 
36, 12, 18. 
terraqgueous: ‘his t. globe, globus 
terrae eminens e mari, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 68. 
(N.B.—Avoid the combination terra et 
aqua, which is not Lat. in the sense of 
sea and land.) 
terrene: i |. Pertaining to 
terrestrial : § the eurth: 1, ter- 
restris (terrester, as an adj. of three 
term. only in Flor.): celestial and t. 
things, res caelestes atque terrestres, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 30, 75: the t. abode of 
Jupiter, Jovis domicilium t., id. Verr. 
4, 58, 129. 9, terrénus: t. bodies, t. 
corpora, Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 47: a t. (i.e, 
mortal) horseman, t. eques, Hor. Od. 4, 
Ei, 27. 3. expr. by himanus (be- 
longing to men): ever contemplate these 
celestial objects, despise those t. ones, 
haec caelestia semper spectato, illa 
humana contemnito, Cic. Rep. 6, 19: ¥ 
HUMAN. |], Melating to this life only: 
v. EARTHLY : it may al=o be appropriately 
expr. by humanus: ¢. things are frail 
and fleeting, res humanae fragiles cadu- 
caeque sunt, Cic. Am. 27, 102: so, mor- 
tale et caducum is opp. to divinum ae 
ternumque, id. Leg, 1, 23, 61: cf. Rep. 
6, 1: 
terrible; terribilis: v. FEARFUL, 
FRIGHTFUL, DREADFUL, HORRIBLE. 
terribly; formiddlése: horrendum 
in modum : v. FEARFULLY. etc. 
terrier: * canis terrarius, Linn. 
terrific; terrificus (in poet.): for- 
mid0losus : Vv. TERRIBLE. 
terrify: terreo, 2: perterreo, 2: Vv. 
FRIGHTEN, SCARE. 
territorial: best expr. by a pbr.: 
he acquired t. rights over all that lay 
between the Apennines and the Alps, 
quod inter Alpes Apenninumque agri 
sit, suae ditionis fecisse, Liv. 21, 53: the 
adj. territorialis occurs in Front. : agra- 
rius may be sometimes employed, but 
only as a t. ¢. of Roman law. 
territory: 1. ager, gri (a dis- 
trict): the t. of Picenum, a. Picenus, 
the Roman ts, a. 
Romani, Liv. 5,31. There is often an 
ellipsis of ager: thus, in the t. of Pice- 
num = in Piceno, Caes. B.C.1,15. 2, 
fines, pl. m. (Voundaries. hence t.): 
the t. of the Vreviri, f. Trevirorum, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 29: to enlarge the ts, f. 
propagare, Cic. Rep. 3, 13- 3. terri- 
torium (the t. round a town): the t. of 
a flourishing colony, t. florentis coloniae, 
Cic. Phil. 2, 40, 102: Dig. 4, tractus, 
fis (a district): the t. of Venafrum, t. 
Venafranus, Cic. Planc. 9, 22: Caes. 
5, régio: in the t. of Pedum, in 
regione Pedana, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 2: Caes. 
Fig.: Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 5: ¥ SPHERE, 
PROVINCE. 6, terra (in a wider sense 
land, country): the t. of Gaul, t. Galliae, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 30: to seek after other Ls, 
alias t. petere. id. 7, 77, ad fin. 7. 
expr. by the name of the nation, in the 
pl.: in the t. of the Volsci, in Volsci~ 
Liv. 2, 34: Caes. ee 
rror: |. @reat fear: 
fh: (esp. fear accompanied by pale- 
ness and trembling): to be a t. to the 
Joe, hostibus terrori esse, Liv. 26, 2: to 
strike t., t. injicere, Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 
3; inferre, id. Fam. 15, 15,25 praebere, 
uiv. 26, 5; afferre, id. 26, 9. 2. pi- 
vor (overpowering, bewildering STright ): 
t. seized all, terror p.que omnes cccu- 
pavit, Liv. 24, 49, ad med, (the sing. verb 
is used because the two nouns express a 
single notion): to strike t., p. incutere, 
849 


TERSE 





id. 27, 42: injicere, id. 26, 4: v. PANIC. 
3, formido, inis (a lasting t.): in 
order that t. might be more widely 
spread, quo latius f. cresceret, Sall. J. 
55: to strile t., f. injicere, Cic. Verr. 3, 
28, 68; inferre, Tac. H. 2, 5; intendere, 
id. ib. 2,545; facere, id. ib. 3,10. [N.B. 
—For other expr. v. FEAR, FRIGHT: 
sometimes even métus may be used: 
a sudden t., repentinus m., Sall. J. 58: 
exanimatio is def. by Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19 
(q. v.) to be “metus subsequens et quasi 
comes pavoris”: trépidatio is ALARM. ] 
|l. An object of dread: 1, ter- 
ror: the two t.s of this city, duo terrores 
hujus urbis, Cic. Rep. 1, 47. Q. ter- 
rictlum (that which affrights: terriciila, 
ae, occurs in Sen, Fragm.) : moved by no 
threats, by no t.s, nullis minis, nullis t. 
motus, Liv. 34, 11 [terriculamenta oc- 
curs in App. Apol. 315}. 3, formido: 
V. SCARECROW, BUGBEAR. 4, métus, 
ue only poet. and rare): Stat. Th. 12, 
06. 
terse: 1, pressus (free from su- 
perjfluous ornament): less t. than the 
dignity of history demands, minus p. 
quam historiae auctoritas postulat, 
Quint. 10, I, 102: forcible and t. in 
style, verbis aptus et p., Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 
56. 2. tersus (pure, neat): t. and 
polished, t. ac limatus, Quint. 12, 10, 50: 
so of Horace, to, 1, 94: Plin. 3, as- 
trictus (compressed: opp. to remissus) : 
concise and t. eloquence, contracta et a. 
eloquentia, Cie. Brut. 90, 309. 4, 
Strictus: Quint. 12, Io, 52: so too con- 
strictus, V. CONCISE, COMPRESSED. 5. 
densus: ¢. and brief,d. et brevis, Quint. 
10, I, 73: V. BRIEF. 6, angustus 
(simple, short): Cic. Or. 56, 187 (a. at- 
que concisus, opp. to collatatus (?) ac 
diffusus), Phr.: to be t., plura paucis 
complecti, Quint. 8, 3, 82. 
tersely: oft. expr. by two advs.: 
presse et anguste, Cic. Or. 33, 117: pres- 
sius et astrictius, Plin. Hp. 3, 18, ad jin. : 
also circumcise, Quint. 8, 3, 81: v. CON- 
CISELY. 
terseness: perh. integra brevitas, 
Quint. 8, 3, 82: or simply brevitas, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 80, 326 (cf. distincte concisa 
brevitas, id. de Or. 3, 53, 202). 
tertian: tertiana febris, Cic. N. D. 3, 
10, 24: or simply tertiana, Cels. 3, 5. 
tessellated: tesseliatus: Suet.: v. 
MOSAIC. 
test (subs.): 1, obrussa (assay, 
trial of metals): Plin. 33. 3,19. Fig.: 
to employ reason as a t.,adhibere ration- 
em tanquam o., Cic. Brut. 74, 258: to 
bring all arguments to the t., omnia 
argumenta ad o. exigere, Sen. N. Q. 4, 5, 
re 2. expérimentum: five is the t. 
of gold, aurie. ignis est, Plin. 33, 3, 19. 
Fig.: it ts the clearest t. when it is 
plain that grief is removed by length 
of time, maximum est e. quum constet 
aegritudinem vetustate tolli, Cic. ‘lusc. 
3, 30,14: V. PROOF, TRIAL, EXPERIMENT, 
3, cdticila: v. TOUCHSTONE, 
test (v.): 1. specto, 1: he who is 
not moved by money they consider as 
Ud in the fire, qui pecunia non move- 
tur hune igni spectatum arbitrantur, 
Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38: v. also TRY, PROVE, 
EXAMINE, under which also the foll. 
verbs may be found. 2, tento, 1: to 
t. his skili as an augur, scientiam ejus 
auguratus tentare, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 32. 
8. expérior, pertus, 4 (to t. by ex- 
perience: sometimes to t. by law, go to 
law): lo t. friends, amicos e., Cic. Am. 
22euods 4, ptriclitor, 1: to t. our 
friends’ character, amicorum mores p., 
Cic. Am. 17, 63. 5, exploro, 1: lo t. 
the king’s disposition, aninium regis c., 
Liv. 3", 7: Ov. 
testaceous;: testaceus; all ¢. crea- 
tares, t. omnia, Plin. 35, 2, 20. 
testament: J. A will: testi- 
mentum: y. WILL. I]. One of the 
two parls of the bible: testamentum 
(vetus, novum), Eccl. Also expr. by 
foedus, éris, vy. COVENANT. 
testamentary: testamentarius: a 
t. law, t. iex, Cic. Verr. 1, 42, 108. Or 
expr. by phr. with preced.: a ¢. dispost- 
848 











S 


TETRASTICH 


THAN 





tion, tabulae testimonii, Gai. 2, 104 


(= will): expr. also by scriptiira, Cic. 


Inv. 2, 40, 117. 

testator: testator, Just, Inst. 2, 10, 
3: Suet.: Dig.: or, is qui testamentum 
facit, Cic. Verr. 2, 18, 46 (R. and A.). 

testatrix: testatrix, Cels. Dig. 31, 
I, 30. 

tester: perh. cOndOpéum (conopium), 
prop. a mosquito-tent: but we tind in 
Juv. 6, 80, testudineum c., which was 
prob. a bed-t. inlaid with tortoise-shell. 

testicle: testis, Hor.: Cic.: testi- 
ciilus, Juv.: Cic.; polimen, Arn.: poli- 
mentum, Pl. 

testify : 1, testificor, 1 (constr. 
with acc., acc. and inf. or relat. ciause ; 
also with dep. pass. part.: Cic.: Ov.): 
your client t.s that he appeared, testi- 
ficatur iste se stetisse, Cic. Quint. 6, 25: 
to t. one’s love, t. amorem, id, Fam. 2, 4, 
extr.: to t. its ancient wealth, t. anti- 
quas opes, Ov. F. 2, 302: V. WITNESS, 
SHOW, EVIDENCE. Q, testor, I (constr. 
like preced.): thow mayest ¢., testere 
licet, Ov. Pont. 4, 15, 11: I loudly assert 
and t., clamo atque testor, Cic. Mur. 37, 
98: V. ATTEST. 

testifying: 1, testificatio: Cic. 
Mur. 24, 49: V. WITNESSING, EVIDENCE. 

2. testatio: Quint. 5, 7, 32: Dig. 
3. expr. by phr.: as, testimonii 

dictio, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 63. 

testily ; stémachosé: v. PEEVISHLY, 
IRRITABLY. 

testimonial: perh. best expr. by 
probatoria (a certificate of qualifica- 
tion: sc. epistola), Cod. Justin. 12, 58, 2: 
or testimoniales (sc. literae), Cod. ‘Theod. 
7, 2, 12. (The phr. literae commen- 
daticiae denotes letters of recommenda- 
tion.) Laudatio is a favourable testi- 
mony to one’s character in a@ court of 
justice: Cic. Flac. 15, 36: v. CERTIFI- 
CATE. 

testimony: testimonium: false t.s, 
falsa t., Quint. 5, 7, 4: to give an irre- 
fragable and weighty t., tirmum ac grave 
t, dare, Cic. Rose. Com. 6, 17: to bear t., 
t. dicere, id. Rosc. Am. 36, 102, et pass. 
(in, contra, against: de, about): t. tri- 
buere, id, Phil. 5, 19, 52; impertire, id. 
Fam. 5, 12, 7; perhibere, Varr. R. R. 2, 
5,1: to disparage t., elevare t., Quint. 
5,7, 5: the poets are t., testimonio sunt 
poetae, id. I, 10, 10: V. EVIDENCE, WIT- 
NESS (contestatio is a legal proving by 
witness, Dig.). 

testy: perh. best expr. by two adjs. : 
the nearest single equiv. is stomiachOsus : 
V. PEEVISH, ILL-TEMPERED, ANGRY: SO 
old men are “jracundi, difticiles,” Cic. 
Sen. 18, 95: “difficiles, queruli,”’ Hor. 
A. P. 153: and the catalogue of the 
various kinds of anger, Sen. Ira 1, 4, 1, 
closes with difficilis, asper (cf. for the 
union of these two, lib. 1, 9, 20): other 
more gel. expr. may be sought under 
ANGRY, IRRITABLE, IRASCIBLE. 
tetanus: tétanus, Plin. 23, 1, 24, ad 
in. 

tether (subs.): rétinactilum (usu. in 
pl.): lo fasten the t. of the mule toa 
stome, retinacula mulae saxo retigare, 
Hor. S. 1,5, 18: or vincttlum: the slight 
of the beasts of burden as they break 
their ts, fuga abrumpentium vincula 
jumentorum, Liv. 26, 6: for the fig. and 
prov. sense sce LIMIT. 

tether (v.): v. preced. art. and cf. 
“ad stipites ita religare ut exiguum 
laxamenti habeant,” Col. 6, 2, 4. 

tetrachord: tétrachordon, i: Vitr. 
5, 4,7. 

teuraront tétragonum, Aus.: tetra- 
gonus, Ps. Boéth. Ars Geom. p. 415 
(ed. Friedlein) : Vv. SQUARE. 

tetragonal: tétragonalis, Ps. Botth. 
Ars Geom. p. 412: tetragonicus, id. 411. 

tetrameter: tétramétros, qui Lat- 
ine quadratus vocatur, Censorin. Fragm. 
14. tetrametrus, Gramm. 

tetrarch: tétrarches, ae, Caes. B.C. 
2 Cle: 

tetrarchy: tétrarchia, Cic. Deiot. 
15, 42. 

tetrastich: tétrastichon, i: Mart. 
9, 85,1: Quint 





tetrastyle: tetrastylon, i: Capitol 
Gord. 32, 2 (in Vitr. as adj.). : 

tetter: the gen. term is impétigo, 
inis, /. (an eruption, scab), of which four 
kinds are distinguished, Cels. 5, 28, 17 : 
Vv. ERUPTION. more precisely, mentagra, 
lichen, @nis (Aecynv): Plin. 26, 1, 2 says, 
lichenas appellavere Graeco nomine, 
Latine, quoniam a mento (chin) fere 
oriebatur mentagra: it is also termed 
Vitiligo, inis, f.: Cels. 5, 28, 19. 

Teutons: Jeutoni, Cic. Manil. 20, 60 
(Teutones, Vell.). Adj, Teuténicus, 
Vell. 2, 120, : Prop. 

text: |. Words of a writer: best 
expr. by oratio, verba scriptoris: the t. 
of Varro, verba Varronis, Gell. to, 1: 
the t., oratio contexta, Diomed. 446, 24, 
P.: that the t. of Cicero may be revised 
after the Codex Palatinus, * ut oratio 
Ciceronis exigatur ad cudicem Palatinum 
(Madvig.): sometimes scriptum may be 
used ; the t. (of the will) means two or 
more things, duas pluresve res signi- 
ficat scriptum, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 116, or 
scriptura: Vv. WRITING: lectio is also 
found in late writers, Amm. 3o, 4, 18: 
Macr. Modern expr, are:—(1.) *con- 
textus, Us: to marl what is uncertain 
in the t. by italics, *in ipso contextu 
quae incerta sunt currentibus litteris 
distinguere: scrupulousness in dealing 
with the t.,*in tractaudo contextu re- 
ligio. (2.) *textus, us: the t. after my 
revision, *t. ex recensione nostra (Ern- 
esti): the t. of the Bible, *t. sucer: the 
present condition of the Hebrew t., * sta- 
tus hodiernus textus Hebraici.  (3.) 
*exemplum, annotations which we have 
added after the Greek t., * animadver- 
siones quas post Graecum e. exhibemus 
(Wyttenb. in Kr.). [N.B.—Tbe two 
latter expr. are best avoided. ] ll. 4 
passage of Scripture: * locus sacrae 
Scripturae: Vv. PASSAGE: perh. sententia, 
Aug. Conf. 8, 12: to preach jrom a t., 
*de argumento proposito coram cvetu 
Christiano dicere (Kr.). 

textile: ], textilis: Cic.: Virg.: 
Vv. WOVEN. 2. textrinus (pertaining 
to weaving): t. art, ars t., Firm. de 
Error. prof, relig. 16, 1. 

textual: expr. by a phr.: v. TEXT. 

texture: 1, textum (that which 
is woven or platted): the holiow t. of the 
vessel, cava t. carinae, Ov. M. 11, 524: 
V. FABRIC, STRUCTURE. Fig.: @ thin t. 
of oratory, dicendi t. tenue, Quint. g, 4, 
17. 2. textus, Us: of thin ¢., rarus 
textu, Plin. 9, 37, 61: Juer. 8. tex- 
tura (poet.): Prop. 4, 5, 23: Pl. 

than: 1, quai (for the constr. of 
the clauses which it unites, see Lat. Gr. 
§§ 346, 347, and Ubs. 350): you uccuse 
him, a better man t. you, accusas eum 
meliorem q. tu, Cic. Lig. 4, 10: he had 
slain more of their men t. there were 
survivors, plures eorum q. quot super- 
essent occidisset, Liv. 35, 12, ad jin.: 
with more willingness t. truth, libentius 
q. verius, Cic. Mil. 29, 78. Also with 
the comp. omitted. J was advocating 
peuce rather t. war, pacem (sc. magis) 
q. bellum probabam, ‘Tac. A. 1, 58. 2. 
atque, ac (poet.: the latter form usu 
only before consonants) : your belly will 
not hold more t. mine, non tuus capiet 
venter plus ac meus, Hor. 5.1, 1, 46: the 
oracle of Apollo is not more true t. this, 
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc re 
sponsum est, Ter, Andr. 4, 2, 15. a 
expr. by the abl. case without quam: this 
constr. is usu. found only after comp. 
adjs. in the nom. or acc. case, see Lat. 
Gr. § 319: silver ts commoner t. gold, 
vilius argentum est auro, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 
52. [need bread now more desirable t. 
honied cakes, pane egeo mellitis jam 
pvtiore placentis, id. ib. 1, 10, 11; he 
came quicicer t. was expected, opinione 
celerius venit, Caes. B.G, 2, 3 (@.é. quam 
opinio erat, Lat. Gr. § 319, Gbs. 4): alius 
is also joined with an abl.. nor think 
any other t.a wise and good man to be 
happy, neve putes alium sapiente bono- 
que beatum, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 20: see 
aliud, No, VI. (Lat.-Eng. Dict.). 4. 
peculiar constr.: (i.) plus, amplius, and 


THANE 





w.0us are used with numerals and words 
of guantity, with or without quam, as 
indecl. words, and without influence upon 
the constr.: it ts more t. six months, 
amplius sunt sex menses, Cic. Rose. 
Com. 3, 8: more t. 8000 men were slain, 
and not much less t. 1000 taken prisoners, 
plus viii. millia hominum caesa et hand 
multo minus quam m. captum, Liv. 24, 
42 (Weissenborn): v. Lat. Gr. § 349. 
(ii.) more t. 40 years old, annos natus 
major xl., Cic. Kosc. Am. 14, 39: with 
those more t.15 years of age, cum majori- 
bus xv. annos natis, Liv. 45, 32: more 
t. 20 years old, major annis xx., Suet, 
Caes. 45. [N.B.—Such constr. as major 
quam xxv. annorum, Ulp. Dig. 4, 4,1, 
are post-classical.] (iii.)—nothing else 
t., nibil aliud nisi, or quam (the latter is 
doubtful in Cic.: for the former. see Cic. 
de Or. 2, 12, 52): so, quid aliud nisi? id. 
Ben. 2, 5. 


thane: *thanus: sometimes perh. 
dominus. 
thank: 1, expr. by gratias agere 


or babere: v. THANKS. 2. gratilor, 
1: to weary the gods by t.ing them, deos 
ae obtundere, Ter. Heaut 5, 1, 

: Quint. Pbhr.: (i) t. you, benigne 
dicis, Ter. Ph. 5, “as also in declining 
an offer, benigne, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 62; recte, 
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51: in older Lat., tam 
gratia est (7. e. ac si accepissem), Pl. 
Stich. 3,2,18: t¢. you, you are very kind, 
benigne ac liberaliter, Cic. Verr. 3, 85, 
196. (ii.) t. God, t. heaven! est dis 
gratia, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58: *gratiae agan- 
tur deo optimo maximo: satis recte, quae 
est dei benignitas (Kr.). (iii.) to have to 
t. any one for, acceptum referre alicui, 
Cic. Phil 2, 22, 55. 

thankful: 1. gratus: to be t. to 
anybody, g. in aliquem, Cic. Att. 9, 11 
(No. 2), extr.: to oblige a very t. man, 
homini gratissimo commodare, id. Fam. 
13, 41: to show oneself t., g. se praebere, 
id. Planc. 38, 91: V. GRATEFUL. 2. 
mémor, 6ris (mindful): v. MINDFUL. 
Join: m.que piusque, Ov. Trist. 5, 4, 
43: m. et gratus, Cic. Fam. 13,25. 3, 
pius (pious: hence, t. from a sense of 
moral obligation): cease to thinlc that 
any can be t., desine aliquem fieri pusse 
pium, Cat. 73, 2. 

: grate: to count up 
one’s birthdays t., natales g. numer- 
are, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 210: often connected 
with pie, Cic. Planc. 41, 98: or expr. by 
grato animo, id. Phil. 4, 1, 3. 

ess: best expr. by gratus 
animus: to mention the name of the boy 
with the deepest t., gratissimis animis 
nomen pueri prosequi, Cic. Phil. 4, 1, 3: 
60, memor animus, id. Fam. 1, 9, 10: 
sometimes gratia, id. Inv. 2, 53, 161, 
“g. in qua amicitiarum et officiorum 
alterius memoria et remunerandi volun- 
tas continetur :” more rarely pietas, as 
in Plin. Pan. 21. 
thankless: |, Giving no thanks: 
ingratus: to be t. towards any one, i. 
esse in aliquem, Liv. 38, 50: the t. soil, 
i. ager, Mart. 10, 47, 4: Cic.: v. UN- 
GRATEFUL: O ye t. ones! O ingratifici, 
immemures beneficii ! Attius in Cic. Sest. 
57, 122. I]. Receiving no thanks: in- 
gratus: it will be a t. task for you, id 
erit tibi i, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 61: ¢. /ove, 
i. amor, Catul. 76, 6: Vv. UNREQUITED. 
thanklessly : |. Giving no 
thanks: ingrate: Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 2. 
Il. Receiving no thanks: ingrate: 
Pall. 7, 5, I. 
thanklessness: animus ingratus, 
Cic. Att. 9, 2: ingratia, Tert.: ingrati- 
tudo, Firm. Math. 
thanks: 1. gratia (with agere, 
almost always pl.: otherwise sing.): 
t., vast t., magnae, ingentes g., Ter. 
Sun. 3, 1, 1: to give one a thousand t., 
incredibiles g. agere, Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 2: 
extraordinary ¢., siugulares g., id. ib. 
13, 41: everlasting ¢t., immortales g., 
Plane. in Cic. Fam. 10, 11, tnit.: to 
give exceeding t., mirificas g. agere, 
Cic. Att. 14, 13, ad fin.: to give t. to 
any one in most flatlering terms, am- 
plissimis, singularibus verbis g. agere, 


id. Cat. 3, 6, 143; Sull. 30, 85: to pass a 
Jormal vote of t., g. agendas censere, id. 
Dom. 32, 85: our t. are due to the gods, 
g. dis debetur, id. Fin. 3, 22,73: we give 
thee the warmest t., we feel yet greater 
thankfulness, maximas tibi g. agimus, 
Mmajores etiam habemus, id. Marcell. 11, 
33. ([N.B.—Habere gratiam is prop. to 
feel t., whilst agere gratias refers to the 
expr. of them im words: cf. id. Cat. 1, 
5, 11: Tusc. 1, 42, 100 with the preced. : 
referre gratiam is to make a due return, 
requite, repay, as in id. Fam. 5, 11, 1: 
Phil. 3, 2, 4: exsolvere, persolvere ¢., is 
to thank by acts as well as words: so, 
meritam dis g. justis honoribus et mente 
memori persolvere, id. Planc. 33, #0: 
suis recte factisg. exsolvere, Liv. 28, 25.] 
2. grates, f. (only in nom. aud ace. : 
abl. once in lac.: the word is some- 
what poet., and is only once in Cic.): to 
utter one’s t., dicere g., Virg. Aen. It, 
508: to give praises and t. to the gods, 
dis laudes g.que agere, Liv. 7, 36: agere 
habereque, id. 23, 11: (deos) laudibus 
gratibusque venerari, Tac. A. 12, 37. 
Phr.: t. to the gods, beneficio (abl.) 
Deorum, Caes. B. G. 5, 52: I owe you 
more t. than I owe Milo, ego plus tibi 
quam Miloni debeo, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 5: 
to have to thank the Nile (for it), Nilo 
beneficium debere (joined to fluminibus 
gratias agere), Sen. Ben. 6, 7, 3: ome 
bound to give t., debitor, Plin. Ep. 3, 2, 
ad fin.: Ov. 
thanksgiving: 1. gratia, grates: 
v. preced. art.: more exactly, gratiarum 
actio, Cic. Fam. 10, 19, I. 9. gratii- 
latio (a religious festival of joy and t.): 
Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7. 8. supplicatio (a 
day set apart for a solemn t.): te appoint 
a day of t., s. decernere, Cic. Cat. 3, 6, 
15. 4, supplicium (syn. of preced.): 
Sall. C. 9. 5. eucharisticon (evxa- 
ptorixov): Tert. Praescr. Haer. 47. 
thankworthy: 1. gratus: it is 
t. to kill a tyrant, (beneticio) gratum 
occidere tyrannum, Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 117: 
Iwas unwilling to do it when it might 
have been t. on my part, tum, quum g. 
esse mihi potuit nvului (facere), Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 21. 2, laudabilis: v. 
PRAISEWORTHY. Phr.: for this ts t., 
haec enim est gratia, Vulg. 1 Pet. ii. 19. 
that: |. Demonstrative pronoun: 
to be expr. by iste (yon, t. of yours: 
t. near you, dem. of the 2nd pers.): ille 
(¢. other, t. one at a distance, dem. of the 
3rd pers.): both of which may be 
strengthened by the dem. particle -ce, 
v. Lat. Gr. § 78, Obs. 1: or by is, whicli 
is the logical and determinative pron., 
and weaker than either of the preced.; 
hence it is often omitted: it is the pro- 
per antecedent to qui. For the use of 
these prons. see Lat. Gr §§ 365, 368, 
3710-374, 616,619. Remarks :—(i.) since 
is is not a proper demons. it should not 
be used in such sentences as the foll., 
epistolae Ciceronis placent non eae Plinii; 
hae or illae must be used (Nigelsb. 
Styl. p. 243): with a rel. clause, how- 
ever, we find Cic. Off. 3, begin thus: 
P. Scipionem, Marce fili, ewm, qui pri- 
mus Africanus appellatus sit, dicere 
solitum scripsit Cuto... (ii) ille is 
often emph.: Xenophon, t. famous fol- 
lower of Socrates, Xenophon Socraticus 
ille, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 58. (iii.) iste is 
sometimes contemptuous: Lat. Gr. ¢§ 369. 
(iv.) the Eng. and Lat. idioms do not 
correspond in the use of the demons. : 
hic is not unfreq. u-ed in pref. to is or 
even ille: sometimes the converse is the 
case, 
In historians, esp. Caesar, bic is used to 
put a thing before the eyes of the reader : 
huic rei (for that purpose) quod satis 
est visum militum reliquit, Caes. B. G. 
5, 2: and almost always in explana- 
tions, “t. is to say” = hoc est: ef. Cic. 
Mil. 9, 24: for id esr, see id. Fin. 2, 1, 1: 
(it may also be rendered videlicet, v. 
NAMELY): the mere unemphatic this is 
“is’?: idque ejus rei causa (for this 
reason) antiquitus institutum videtur 
ne...: Caes. B. G. 6, 11: cf. 7, 1, id esse 
facile. (v.) and ¢. compnese) = et is, 
3 


This is a mere point of style. | 


THAW 








isque, atque is, et is quidem: Lat. Gr 
§$ 374, 619, 638, Obs. 2: devoted to the 
noblest pursuits, and t. from a boy, 
studiis optimis deditus idque a puero, Cic. 
Fam. 13, 16, 4: t. very thing = id adeo, 
Lat. Gr. § 614: so, id demum, maxime, 
quidem: / had t. moment come into the 
Appian roud when he met me, emer- 
seram commode in Appiam (ex Antiati) 
quum in me incurrit, Cic. Att. 2, 12, ad 
tit, (so, tantum quod, vy. JusT). (vi.) 
this... t.: v. under THIS. I]. Hela- 
tive pronoun: qui, quae, quod: v. WHO. 
II]. Conjunction : A, Jntroduc- 
ing noun clauses: 1, expr. by acc. 
and inf,: this is the case after verbs of 
thinking, knowing, perceiving, saying, 
hearing, or equiv. pbr.: Lat. Gr. $$ 507, 
508: news was brought t. the ambas- 
| sadors had arrived jrom Rome, ab Roma 
legatos venisse nuntiatum est, Liv. 21, 
g. 2. expr. by quod (as to the fact 
t.): esp. freq. after verbs or phr. of 
mental emotion: rejoice t. a thousand 
eyes behold thee speaking, gaude quod 
mille oculi spectant te loquentem, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 6, 19: cf. BECAUSE. 3. expr. 
by ut (negatively by ne): esp. after 
verbs of entreating, commanding, effect- 
ing, resolve, fear, Vv. Lat. Gr. §) 451, 452, 
460. It must be remembered that after 
any verb of fearing ut expr. ¢. not, ne, 
t.: I fear he will not come, vereor ut 
veniat: J fear he will come, vereor ne 
veniat. {N.B,—All such clauses are pro- 
perly final clauses, denoting either pur- 
pose or result: a large number of verbs 
take either the acc. and inf. or ut with 
the subj., according as the clause is 
viewed simply as the object of the verb, 
or as depending upon it as purpose 
or result: thus impero admits either 
constr.: the admissible constr. must 
therefore be sought under each verb or 
phr. The constr. with ut after many 
adjs. goes to support the view that it is 
in origin a rel. pron.: thus, non est 
verisimile ut literas adamarit, Cic. Rosc. 
Am. 4I, 121: sometimes the sentence 
gives exactly the Eng. idiom (¢. being 
orig. a dem.): nec minus id contendunt 
et laborant ne ea quae dixerint enunti- 
entur, Caes. B. G. 1, 31: id egi ne inter- 
essem rebus gerendis = I touk care t. I 
was not mized up with public transac- 
tions, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2. 4. Granting 
t. = ut (ellipt. for fac ut): ut ita sit, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 64, 151: to think t.! is expr. 
ellipt. by the inf.: as, mene incepto 
desistere victam, Virg. Aen. I, 37: V- 
Lat. Gr. § 516. B. Introducing final 
clauses: in order t., so t.: 1, when 
purpose is denoted, ut (uti), quo, nega- 
tively ne (less freq. ut ne): hence in- 
stead of ut nemo, ne quis, etc., must be 
used, 9, When result is denoted, ut 
(uti): negatively, ut non: after verbs 
of prevention, quominus, quin, the latter 
also after verbs of doubting. See Lat. 
Gr. §§ 450-463. The rei. qui may be 
subst. for ut: Lat. Gr. §§ 474-481. — C, 
Oh t.! (in wishes) i 1, utinam; Lat. 
Gr. § 6. utinam occurs ir 
Ov. aes a O si: Oh t. fortune 
would show mea jar of money! O si 
urnam argenti fors mibi monstret, Hor. 
S. 2, 6, 10. 
thatch (subs.): ], stramentum: 
dry t., s. aridum, Liv. 25, 39° cottages 
covered with t., casae stramento tectae, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 43: to cocer with reeds 
and t., arundinibus et stramentis tegere, 
Vitr. 2, 1, 5 (q. Y-). 9. stramen, Inis, 
n.: Ov. M. 5, 447- 3, culmus: Virg. 
Aen. 8, 654. 
thatch (v-): expr. by stramenty 








tegere, v. preced. art.: to t.a@ house with 

reeds, tegulo arundinum domum operire, 

Plin. 16, 36, 64; sometimes also inte- 

gere, Vv. ROOF. : 

, thatched (part. and adj.): t. cot- 

tages, casae stramineae, Ov. Am. 2,9, 18: 

stramenticiae, Auct. B. Hisp. 16. 

thaw (-): |. Trans.: 

solvo, solvi, sdliitum, 3: to t. the snow, 

s. nivem, Ov. M. 2, 853: V. MELT. = 

| dissolvo, vi, solitum, 3: to ¢t. the ice, d. 

| glaciem, Lucr. 6, 963: to ¢. a d, 
9 


THAW 


THEATRICALLY 





frigus, Hor. O4. 1, 9, 5. (N B.—The 
first four verbs under II. are prop. 
trans., but are less freq. so used: also 
egélido, Sid.; égélo, Cael. Aur., occur in 
the sense of “to make lukewarm.” 
Phr.: warmth t.'d their motionless 
limbs, calor stupentia membra com- 
movit, Curt. 8,4, 12.] [|]. Intrans.: 

1, régélo, 1 (in pass. voice, see 
above). Lit.: Col. 1,5, 8. Fig.: my 
age scarce t.s at midsummer, aetas mea 
vix regelatur media aestate, Sen. Ep. 67, 
I. 9. rémitto, misi, missum, 3 (with 
pron. reflect. or pass.: to unloose): the 
ground t.s, humus se remittit, Tib. 3, 5, 
4° Ov. F. 4, 126: so, rélaxo, 1: Sen. 
N. Q. 4,5, 2. 8. résolvo, vi, sdlitum, 
3 (syn. of, and constr. like preced.): the 
Rhine suddenly t.’d, resolutus repente 
Rhenus, Suet. Dom. 6. 4. liquéfacio, 
féeci, factum, 3 (to liquefy: pass., to t.): 
Gic N. D5*2;) 10; 26: . liquesco, 
licui, 3 (to melt): the slush of the t.ing 
snow, fluens tabes liquescentis nivis, 
Liv. 21, 36: Lucr.1, 493. 6, tabesco, 
tabui, 3 (to melt away): Cic. N. D. 2, 
Ic, 26 (humor mollitur tepefactus et 
tabescit calore... aqua admixto calore 
liquefacta: said of the melting of ice). 

thaw (subs.): régélatio, Aggen. in 
Frontin. 57, Goes. (= the act of t.ing): 
usu. expr. by a phr.: when a t. comes, 
disturbata nive et glacie se frangente, 
Sen. N. Q. 4, 5, 4. 

thawing (part. and adj.): t. snow, 
nix tabida, Liv. 21, 36; tenera et labe- 
facta, Sen. N. Q. 4, 5, 3- 

e: |. The article: no equiv. : 
the foll. sentences should be observed, 
in which the constr. partly expr. the 
art., or an equiv. dem. pron. is used: 
t. people of Achaia and also t. people 
of Asia, Achaici itemque in Asia (ot 
ev Tm Aoia), Cic. Att. 11, 15, I: ¢, 
last two letters of t. word optimus, 
postremae duae literae quae sunt in 
“optimus,” id. Orat. 48, 161: they pre- 
tend that tt is a votive offering for their 
return: t. report spreads, votum pro 
reditu simulant: ea fama vagatur, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 17: t. Hercules of Xenophon, 
Hercules Xenophontius ille, Cic. Fam. 
5, 12 (here we have the ille of celebrity, 
Lat. Gr. § 365): I wish we could say t. 
same with truth, vellem nobis hoc idem 
vere dicere liceret, id. Off. 3,1, 1: Tam 
in the enjoyment of repose, but not t. 
repose which he ought to enjoy who 
formerly gave repose to the state, otio 
fruor, non illo quidem, quo debebat is, 
qui quondam peperisset otium civitati, 
id. ib. 3, 1, 3. [N.B—The practice of 
some modern Latinists, who use the 
Greek article on emergency, is always 
to be avoided: see Nagelsb. Styl. p. 21, 
sq-] ||. The abl. of the demonstrative : 
expr. by the abl. of manner (Lat. Gr. 
§ 321), eo, hoc, ete : he persuades them 
t. more easily to this, id hoc facilius iis 
persuasit, Caes. B. G. 1, 2: for quo= ut 
eo, see Lat. Gr. § 453. Usu. it has a 
correL., ¢.... ¢.: it is then expr. by (i.) 
eo.. quo; hoc.. quo; tanto.. quanto; 
the rel. clause usu. preced.: ¢. less he 
sought glory t. more it followed him, 
quo minus gloriam petebat illo magis 
eum sequebatur, Sall. C. 54: t. more 
clever and gifted a man is t. more 
laboriously does he teach, quo quisque 
est sollertior et ingeniosior eo docet 
laboriosius, Cic. Rose. Com. 11, 31: #. 
longer he is away t. more I wish for 
him, quanto diutius abest magis cupio 
tanto, Ter. Heaut 3, 1, 15 (quantum 
Magis. . eo acrius occurs in Liv. 3, 15) 
ii.) it may also be expr. by ut...ita 
(Lat. Gr. § 356), ut being mostly foll. 
by quisque, and both clauses usu. hav- 
ing a superl.: but the comp. and even 
the pos. are used sumetimes: at times 
the force of the superl. is expr. by the 
verb or subs.: also ita is sometimes 
omitted. T. better a man is t. less in- 
clined is he to suspect others to be wicked, 
ut quisque est vir optimus ita difficillime 
esse alios improbos suspicatur, Cic. Q. 
be. 1, 1, 4, 12: we ave so framed by 
pred there is a bond of union 

5° 














amongst all, but it is t. stronger t. more 
nearly we are related, ita natos esse nos 
ut inter omnes esset societas quaedam, 
Major autem ut quisque proxime acce- 
deret, id. Am. 5, 19: see Lat.-Eng. Dict. 
under ut, A, LL. iii. Sometimes both 
correlatives are omitted, and only quis- 
que retained with the superl. in both 
clauses: ¢. wiser a man is t.more calmly 
he dies, sapientissimus qui-que aequis- 
simo animo moritur, Cic. Sen. 22, 83. 
(iii.) it is much less freq expr. by quam 
... tam: &. more... t. more, quam ma- 
gis... tam magis, Virg. Aen. 7, 787 
(without tam, id. G. 3, 309): quam ma- 
gis... tanto (artius), Pl. Men. 1, 1, 19: 
t. worse a man acts t. safer is he, quam 
quisque pes:ime fecit tam maxime tutus 


est, Sall. J. 31. (N.B—quantocius, ¢. 
sooner t. better, occurs only in Sulp. 
Sev.] 

theatre: |, Playhouse : 1D 


theatrum : a marble t., t. marmoreum, 
Ov. A. A. I, 103: having entered the t. 
of the people of Antioch, where it is their 
wont to hold deliberative assemblies, 
Antiochiensium ingressus t. ubi illis 
consultare mos est, Tac. H. 2, 80 (v. 
Dict. Ant.): Rome, crammed into a 
closely-packed t., Roma arto stipata t., 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 60. (The dimin. @eatpi- 
écov occurs in Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 13.) 
2. scéna (prop. the scene): a tem- 
porary t., s. in tempus structa, Tac. A. 
14, 20. 8. spectactlum (any show): 
applause in all t.s, plausus ex omnibus 
s., Cic. Sest. 58, 124. 4, amphithe- 
atrum: Vv. AMPHITHEATRE, 5, cavea 
(prop. the part where the audience sat) : 
public games are twofold, those of the 
t. and those of the circus, ludi publici 
sunt c. circoque divisi, Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 38. 
{.N.B.—Hence the most appropriate ex- 
pressions for the parts of a modern t.: 
the pit =c. prima, ima; the bozes, c. 
media; the gallery, c. ultima, summa. 
For the arrangements of the Roman t., 
v. Dict. Ant.] I]. The audience : 
theatrum: we know that whole t.s 
shouted out, tota t. exclamasse scimus, 
Quint. 1, 6, 45: it may be more fully 
expr. by consessus theatri, Cic. Tusc. 1, 
16, 37. Phr.: when the affair became 
known to the whole t., ut vero cuneis 
res notuit omnibus, Phaedr. 5, 7, 35. 
The scene of action: R 
theatrum : the forum was the t. of that 
genius, forum tuit quasi t. illius ingenii, 
Cic. Brut. 2,6: there is no wider t. for 
virtue than the conscience, nullum t. 
virtuti conscientia majus est, id. ‘usc, 
2, 26,64. Q, scéna. ambition, luxury, 
violence are in want of a t. (of acti), 
ambitio et luxuria et impotentia s. desi- 
derant, Sen. Ep. 94, 71: v. STAGE. 3. 
campus: Vv. FIELD. 4. aréna; the t. 
of civil war, a. civilis belli, Flor. 4, 2, 18: 
this is more correctly expr. by sedes 
belli, Liv. 4, 31. 5, pulvis, éris, m. 
(place of contest, scene of action): Quint.: 
Cic.: v. ARENA. 
theatrical: 1. theatralis: ¢. arts, 
t. artes, Tac. A. 14, 21: f. politeness, t. 
humanitas, Quint. 2, 2, 10 (al. incor- 
rectly, humilitas): ¢. and gladiatorial 
assemblies, t. gladiatoriique consessus, 
Cic. Nest. 54,115. (Aug. has theatricus.) 
2. scénicus: t. games, ludi s., Liv. 
4,2: ¢. gestures, 8. gestus, Cic. de Or. 3, 
59, 220: at. company, plebs s., Stat. S. 
1, 6, 73: a mock, t. king, imaginarius 
et s. rex, Flor. 2, 14, oi t. costume, 
*habitus, amictus s. [N.B—The dis- 
tinction between the two preced. adjs. 
is that the former refers to everything 
connected with the actual building ; 
the latter to the character and style of 
the performance. ] 8, scénalis: Luer. 
4,77 (dub.). 4, scénatilis: Varr. 5, 
scénarius: Amm. 6. histricus (per- 
taining to actors): a t. manager, im- 
perator h., Pl. Poen. prol., 4. 7. his- 
tridnalis: t. rhythms, b. modi, Tac. Or. 
26, 2. Phr.: the silly t. gestures of 
stage-players, histrionum gestus ineptiis 
non vacantes, Cic. Off. 1, 36, 130. 
theatrically : scénice: Quint. 6, 
I, 38. 


SL —  _ _aGGVGQK.e— 555 


THEN 


theft: furtum manifest t., f. aper. 
tum, Cic. Rosc.Com.9. 26 asportive t., 
f. jocosum, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 8 to be 
guilty of t., furti se alligare, astringere, 
Pl. Kud. 4, 7, 34; Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 39° to 
be taken in the act of t., in furto come 
prehendi, Caes. B. G. 6, 16: v. also PLA- 
GIARISM. 
theme: 1, propésitio or propé- 
situm (the principal suvject) : ala onan 
by res simply: thus in Vic. de Or. 3, 53, 
203 (q. V.): a digression from one’s t. is 
ab re digressio; a return to the t., reditus 
ad propositum, ad rem; @ ¢., propositio 
quid sit dicturus, id. ib. 2, quaestio: 
Cic. Top. 21, 79, says there are two 
classes of quaestiones; the definite or 
special “ yuod jroo Graeci, nos cau- 
sam;” and the indefinite or general, 
“quod @éow illi appellant, nos proposi- 
tum possumus nominare :’’ so Quint. 3,5, 
5 to 18, who adds that the latter class 
is also called quaestiones universales, 
civiles, or philosopho convenientes, 3, 
argumentum (a word of wide import ; 
subject): “omnis ad seribendum ma- 
teria a. appellatur,” Quint. 5, 10, 9: 
Cic. : Vv. SUBJECT. 4, théma, itis, 7. 
(Oéua): certain topics are proposed 
which we call t.s, certa quaedam po- 
nurtur quae themata dicinius, Quint. 4, 
2, 28. 5, podsitio: Quint. 2, 10, 15. 
6. lemma, atis, m. (Ajupa): he 
chose a t. on which I sometimes write 
Sugitive verses, 1. sibi sumpsit quod ego 
interdum versibus ludo, Plin. Ep. 4, 27. 
Phr.: to propose a t. to any one, ponere 
aliquid alicui de quo disputetur, Cic. 
Am. 5, 17. 
then: |. Aé that time, denoting 
coincidence : 1, tum (used absol. or 
as corvel. to quum, postquam, ubi, si, or 
abl. abs.: it may be strengthened by 
demum, denique, vero, maxime): Curio 
was t. tribune of the plebs, erat tribunus 
plebis t. Curio, Cic. Brut. 89, 305: praise 
is most honourable when it follows (our 
endeavours), not when it is sought, laus 
t. est pulcherrima cum sequitur non 
cum arcessitur, Quint. 10, 2, 27: here t. 
is better omitted in Engl.: in Lat. it 
gives more force and precision to the 
sentence. It may be, and often is 
omitted: so in Liv. 26, 11, ubi recepissent 
se in castra mira serenitas oriebatur. 
This is a mere point of style. 2, tunc 
(emph. form of preced.: prop. opp. to 
nunc or hodie; at that particular mo- 
ment or conjuncture of circumstances : 
rarely as corvel of quum or si: it may 
be strengthened by demum); ¢. (seeing 
that the camp of Hannibal was pitched 
just outside Rome) they took refuge in 
their houses, t. in domos refugiebant. 
Liv. 26, 10: (t.) when all has been said, 
t. cum! omnia dicta sunt, Cic. Verr. Act 
I, 18, 55. 3. expr. by eo tempure. 
Cic. Brut. 91, 313, or phe. of similar 
import. [N.B.—Tum .... tum, means 
now ....t.: he did not say first this 
t. that, but always the same thing, nou 
t. hoc t. illud sed idem semper dicebat 
Cic. Am. 4, 13: v. Now (LL): t. is re. 
peated g times in Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 51: 
now and t. is expr. by aliquando, v. 
SOMETIMES, OCCASIONALLY. Avoid such 
combinations ast. temporis, Just.] I. 
The: enpon, denoting succession. J, tum 
(strengthened by vero, deinde, postea, 
demum): ¢. Crassus says, t. Crassus 
«+++, inquit, Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 91: what 
£? quid t.? id. Mur. 12, ae Ter. - 
t. he sent a part of his forces, t. demux 
partem copiarum misit, Caes. B.G. 1, 50 
2, déinde, déin (constantly scanned 
ai in the poets): they slev many of them, 
t. they returned tito the camp, complures 
ex iis occiderunt; d. se in castra rece- 
perunt, Caes. B.G 4, 35. deinde tum, 
Quint.: deinde tune, Sen.: tum deinde, 
Liv.: v. deinde II. in Lat. Eng. Dict. 
3, exinde, exin: ¢. the camp was 
removed to Munda, ad Mundam exinde 
castra mota, Liv. 24, 42. 4, inde: 
t. a line of infantry charges the horse, 
pedestris i. acies in equites incurrit, Liv. 
26, 4: Cic.: i.deinceps, Liv. deinceps i., 
Cic. 5, deinceps: v.NEXTLY. 6, Ibi 


THENCE 


THERAPEUTICS 


THEREFORE 








(prop. there : transt. to time): t. thrice 
endeavoured to cast my arms round her 
neck, ter conatus i, collo dare brachia 
circum, Virg. Aen. 2, 792° Liv. 3, 14: 
also with tum, Cic. Caecin. 10, 27. iT 
dénique (and then): and t. what did 
you do? quid d. agitis? Pl. Bac. 2, 3, 60: 
Caes. B. G. 7, 64. 8. hic (upon this : 
used to bring a past occurrence vividly 
forward): Vv. HEREUPON. 9 post, 
postea (afterwards): what t.? quid 
postea? Cic. Rosc. Am. 33.94: V. AFTER- 
WARDS, 10, mox (soon after): Plin. 
18, 9, 17. 11, igitur- Pl. Luer. 
N.B.—The “and” in “and then” is 
very rarely expr. in Lat.: the prop. 
equiv. is denique (v. No. 7): it is how- 
ever found in some pass.: major pars in 
Achaiam ac deinde post in Asiam per- 
fugit, Vell. 2, 23, 3.] Ill. The chief 
combinations used in enumerations are . 

primum ... deinde ... postremo, Cic. 
primum ... deinde ... deinde ... de- 
inde, id. primum ...deinde...tum... 
postremo, id.: primum ... tum etiam, 
Caes. Without primum or equiv. phr.: 
... deinde ... inde ... deinde, Cic.: 
deinde ... deinde ... postremo, Cic. : 
deinde ... post autem ... tum vero, 
Cic. Also, in enumerations dehinc be- 
comes a syn. of deinde: primum... 
dehine, Virg.: Sall.: without primum: 
dehinc ... tum ... inde, Sen. IV. 
Now, in introducing a new argument: 
jam, v. now (III., 2), AGAIN, MOREOVER. 
V. Therefore, denoting logical con- 
sequence : 1, igitur (rarely first, 
unless emph.: however this position is 
freq. given to it in Sall., T'ac., Liv., and 
the com. poets: it draws an inference, 
introduces consecutive interrogations, 
or resumes after a digression); Jam not 
so dull as to say that. M. What do you 
say t.? Non sum ita hebes ut istud 
dicam. MM. Quid dicis i.? Cic. ‘usc. 1, 
6, 12. (For its ordinary use, v. id. Acad. 
2, 30, 96.) Let us return to the point 
whence we have digressed : Hortensius t. 
whilst quite a youth ..., ad id unde 
digressi sumus revertamur: Hortensius 
i, cum admodum adolescens ..., id. 
Brut. 88, 3or. 9. ergo (in Ov. and 
later poets ergd: stronger than preced. : 
it is usu. put first: it often occurs in 
inter. phr.: sometimes with an tmper, 
or as a resumptive word): to-morrow t. 
punctually by the clock, cras e. ad clepsy- 
dram, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 67: so t. eternal 
sleep overpowers Quintilius, e. Quinti- 
lium perpetuus sopor urget, Hor. Od. 1, 
24, 5: cease t., desinite e., Caes. B. C. 3, 
19, ad fin.: why t. do we hesitate... ? 
quid e, dubitamus ...? Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 
36 (cf. quid dubitas igitur? id. ib. 4, 13, 
34): there are t. three roads, as I said, 
tres e., ut dixi, viae, id. Phil. 12, 9, 22: 

V. THEREFORE. 

thence: |. Ofplace: 1, inde: 
to go into the province, and t. into Italy, 
in provinciam exire atque i. in Italiam, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 33: Cic. Q. illine or 
illim (from that place): I think that he 
has set out t., i. profectum puto, Cic. Att. 
, 14, ad fin.: for the second form, see 
ic. Phil. 2, 31, 77 (Halm). 3, istine 
or istim (from yonder, from where you 
are): they who come t. say that you are 
‘oud, qui i. veniunt te superbum esse 
dicunt, Cic. Fam. 1, 10, 1: for the second 
form, see id. Att. 1, 14. 4, exinde, 
exin: he proceeded to Commagene, t. to 
Cappadocia, t. to the Armenians, Com- 
Magenam, exin Cappadocios, inde Ar- 
menios petivit, Tac. A. 15, 12. 5. 
more usu. expr. by phr.: the enemy 
forthwith marched t. to the river, hostes 
protinus ex eo loco ad flumen contend- 
erunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 9. I]. Of source 
or cause: 1. inde: t. you may take 
somewhat to imitate, i. tibi quod imitere 
capias, Liv, praef.: id. 26, 4. 9. 
hine (hence) : in lively narrative it may 
be used of a source not present, from 
that person or thing, ete: Vv, HENCE, 
8, exinde, exin: App. M. 6, p. 184. 
4. usu. expr. by a phr., such as ex 

eo, ex ea re, ex quo fit, Cic. Rep. 1, 43. 
— -forth: 1, usu. expr. by 


| a phr.: ex eo tempore, Cic. Quint. 5, 
22; ex quo, ex illo, Virg. Aen. 2, 163- 
169. 2. d&éhinc (sometimes in poets a 
monosyllable): ¢. there exists a twofold 
rumour, duplex d. fama est, Suet. Cal. 
58. 3, inde (from that time forth, 
ever since) - Cic. Arch., init. 

theologian: thedldgus, Cic. N. D. 3, 
21, 54 Macr. Somn. Sc. 1, I0, 17: v. 
THEOLOGY. 

theological: thedlogicus, Amm. 16, 
5,5. V THEOLOGY. 

theologically: *thedlégice- v. foll. 
art. 


theology: thedligia, Aug. As this, 
as well as the preced., applied orig. to 
the study of heathen t., or of mythology, 
it is usu. qual. in M. L by some adj. ; 
professor of t., *sacrae t. professor : 
other mod. equiv, are * literae sacrae, 
rerum divinarum scientia (Kr.). 

theorem: thedréma, itis, n. (dat. 
pl. theorematis), Gell. 1, 2. Dimin. 
theorematium, id. 1, 13. Cic. Fat. 6, 
Il says, “percepta, quae dicuntur Graece 
Oewpywarta.”’ It may also be rendered 
more widely by ratio, as in Cic. Off. 2, 
3, 9 (cf. Niigelsb. Styl. 171): v. PROPOSI- 
TION. 

theoretical : 1, rationalis: ¢. 
science, r. disciplina, Cels. praef. (opp. to 
usus, experimenta), 2. contempla- 
tivus: ¢. philosophy, c. philosopbia, Sen. 
Ep. 95, Io (opp. to activa): v. SPECU- 
LATIVE. 8, candnicus: Plin.: Vitr. 

4, more usu. expr. by phr.: cf. 

THEORY, and the foll.: ars... posita 
in inspectione id est cognitione et aesti- 
matione rerum.... ipso rei cujus stu- 
dium habet intellectu contenta, quae 
Oewpyntixyn vocatur, Quint. 2, 18, r: ne- 
que est res ulla quae non ad cognos- 
cendi (¢.) aut ad agendi (practical) vim 
referatur, Cic. de Or. 3, 29, IIt. 

theoretically: expr. by phr.: it 
cannot be t. maintained, scientia teneri 
non potest, Cic. Rep. 1, 2. 

theorising: somehow or another my 
discourse has fallen into t., nescio quo 
pacto ad praecipiendi rationem delapsa 
est oratio mea, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 18. 

theorist: candnicus: Plin. 2, 17, 
14: medical t.s, rationales medici, Cels. 
praef. 

theory: 1, ratio (prob. the best 
and most freq. equiv.): either t. or 
practice without t., vel r., vel sine ra- 
tione ipsa exercitatio, Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 
93: the t. and practice of war, r. atque 
usus belli, Caes. B. G. 4, I. Q. ars, 
tis, f. (in its proper sense it includes 
both ¢. and practice, but it may be used 
to expr. the former only: the context 
or the antithesis determines the sense) : 
it seems to me a splendid thing in prac- 
tice but a poor one in t., res mibi videtur 
facultate praeclara, arte mediocris, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 7, 30: nor is it enough to pos- 
sess virtue as a t. without putting it 
into practice, nec habere virtutem satis, 
quasi a, aliquam, nisi utare, id. Rep. 1, 2. 

3, scientia (knowledge) : t. and prac- 

tice, s. atque usus, Caes. B. G. 2,20: Cic. 
de Or. 3,29, 112. [N.B.—There isa freq. 
contrast between ratio, ars, scientia, or 
even doctrina (Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208), in 
the sense of ¢., and exercitatio, facultas, 
usus, prudentia, which denote practice. 
If ars is opp. to ratio it means practice : 
as, sine ulla arte aut ratione, without 
any practice or t., Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195: 
hence the expr. ars rationalis (= ¢.) in 
Cels. praef.] 4, artiticium (system) : 
Cic. de Or. 1, 32,146. §, ritidcinatio: 
Vitr. 1, 1, 15 (opp. to fabrica). 6. 
theOria, theodrice, és, f.: Hier. Phr.: 
in t. perhaps less acquainted with it 
than I could wish, in experience and 
practice even more than I could desire, 
in studio minus fortasse quam vellem, 
in rebus atque usu plus etiam quam 
vellem versatus, Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5: @ 
general t. of all moral duty, conformatio 
omnium officiorum, id. Fin. 5, 6, 15. 

therapeutic: médicus. v. HEALING. 

therapeutics: medendi scientia, 
ratio, Cels. praet.- medicina: v. MEDI- 
CINR. 








there: |, Jn that place, at that 
point: , ibi: t.he enrols two legions, 
duas legiones i. conscribit, Caes. B. G. 1, 
Io. Fig. i t. is anything which he 
reserves for the witnesses t. he will find 
us better prepared, si quid est quod ad 
testes reservet i. nos paratiores reperiet, 
Cic. Rose, Am. 29, 82. Its strengthened 
form is ibidem (=just t.), Cic. : v. same, 

2, istic (yonder t., where you are): 
you prefer to be t., where you are of 
some account, than t., where you alone 
seem to be wise, ibi malis esse ubi ali- 
quo numero sis quam i, ubi solus sapere 
videare, Cic. Fam. 1, 10. 3. illic 
(rare): Roman citizens who trafficked t., 
cives Romani qui i. negotiarentur, Caes, 
B. C. 3, 102. 4, expr. by in eo loco, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 35, or a similar phr.: (eo 
loci occurs in Tac. A. 15, 74: eo in the 
spurious Ep. ad Brutum, ascribed to 
Cic.). Il. Used pleonastically with 
verbs: no equiv. : it must never be expr. 
in Latin: thus, ¢t. lay between our army 
and the enemy's a marsh of no great 
extent, palus erat non magna inter nus- 
trum atque hostium exercitum, Caes 
B. G. 2, 9 Ii], Used incorrectly for 
thither: eo, V. THITHER. (In the Dig. 
ibi is found with verbs of motion.) 
-about: circa: v. apour, B., LI 

—— -after: exinde, deinde: v. THEN, 
AFTERWARDS: in Lucr. 5, 788, inde 
loci. 

—— -by: expr. by “by it,” eo, ea re, 
ete. 

——.fore: 1, ergo (usu. but not 
always, placed first: it may be employed 
in argumentative questions and resump- 
tions): ¢. also promises are sometimes 
not to be kept, e.et promissa non facienda 
nonnunquam, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95: let it 
be fixed t. that what is dishonourable is 
never useful, maneat e. quod turpe sit 
id nunquam utile esse, id. ib. 3, 12, 49: 
the foll. pleon. expr. are found: itaque 
e., Liv.; e. igitur, Pl.; e. propterea, Ter. 

Q. igitur (weaker than preced.: not 
usu. first: if so placed, as often in SallL, 
it is emph.): ¢. the highest and most 
perfect glory consists of these three 
things, summa i. et perfecta gloria con- 
stat ex tribus his, Cic. Off. 2, 9, 31: 6 at 
home and abroad morality was culti- 
vated, i. domi militiaeque boni mores 
colebantur, Sall. C. g: do you see t....? 
videsne i.... ? Cic. Tusc. 2,5, 14. [N.B 
video is seldom joined to ergo: also 
avoid et igitur, igiturque.] 3, itaque 
(and so: in Cic. and Caes. it takes the 
first place: in Liv. and later writers 
often after one or two words): f. such 
a man will not venture to do nor 
even to think anything which he 
dares not utter, i. talis vir non modo 
facere sed ne cogitare quidem quid- 
quam audebit quod non audeat praedi- 
care, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77. 4, iccirco, 
idcireo (for that reason: the clause 
stating the cause or reason is introduced 
by quod, quia, quoniam or si, with in- 
dic. in direct, subj. in indirect clauses: 
if the foll. clause denotes a purpose, the 
subj. is always used: it may also be 
used abs.): because nature cannot be 
changed, t. true friendships are eternal, 
quia natura mutari non potest i. verae 
amicitiae sempiternae sunt, Cic. Am. 9, 
32: did none of the Sormer (rulers) ¢t. 
touch it that he himself might carry it 
off ? i. nemo superiorum attigit ut ipse 
tolleret ? id. Verr. 4,4, 7: shall J t. write 
with the greatest licence? i.ne scribam 
licenter? Hor. A. P.265. The combina- 
tion neque i. minus, occurs in Cic. Tuse, 
FR SS 5, Ydeo (syn. of preced.: 
constr. exactly like it): because I have 
had the letter many days in hand t, 
many additions have been made at odd 
times, quod multos dies epistolam in 
manibus habui 1. multa conjecta sunt 
aliud alio tempore, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, 
§ 23: he thought it necessary that Pom- 
pey should be informed and t. went to 
him, necessarium existimavit fieri certi- 
orem Pompeium, a:que i. ad Pompeium 
contendit, Caes. B. C. 3, 11 (et ideo, ideo- 
que also occur), 6. proptérea (for 

8s 





THEREIN 








THICKEN 


THICKNESS 





that cause, constr. with quod, quia, ut): 
I t. said these things about myself that 
Tubero might pardon me, haec p. de me 
dixi ut mihi Tubero ignosceret, Cic. Lig. 
3, 8 (usu. in close connection with quod 
or quia, in the sense of “ because that’’). 

7, eo(for that motive or reason) : 
t. I will be briefer, e. ero brevior, Cic. 
Fam. 6, 20, 1: similarly isto, Pl. Rud. 4, 
"9,18; 8, proinde, proin (usu. in advice 
or encouragement, or in animated dis- 
course, esp. towards the close of a speech): 
(he said) that he came down to check the 
turbulent; t. it will be better for them to 
be quiet, se descendisse ut turbantes 
coerceret ; p. quiesse erit melius, Liv. 3, 
48: id. 30,4: Cic.: Caes. 9, expr. by 
neut. acc, of a pron. (with reference to 
this): so, id: I rejoice t,, id ego gaudeo 
quod..., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3,§ 9: quod: 
I fear lest the disease grow worse, t. I 
pray thee, O Health, that nothing of the 
kind may happen, metno ne morbus 
aggravescat: quod te, Salus, ne quid sit 
hujus oro, Ter. Hec. 3,2,2. 10, expr. 
by ob hoc, ob id, quamobrem, or by a 
clause; as, quae quum ita sint (R. and 
A.): V. WHEREFORE. 

therein: expr. by “in it,” in eo, in 
ea re, etc.: Vv. IN. 

—  -jnto: expr. by “into that 
thing,” in id, in eam rem, etc. : v. INTO: 
Cic. has, isto: there is no reason for 
you to bring him t.,eum quod i. admis- 
ceas nibil est, Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9- 

—— -of; expr. by “of it” (gen. or 
abl.): to give half ¢., dimidium istince 
dare, Pl. Ps. 4, 7, 68. 

—-upon: 1, stibinde (¢mme- 
diately after): t. two cities were taken, 
duae s. urbes captae, Liv. 30,7: Hor. 
Ep. 1, 8, 15. 9. inde: v. THEN. 

— -with: |. Vv. THEREBY. [f, 
Expr. by “ along with it,’ cum eo, cum 
€a re, etc. 

theriac: thériaca: Plin. 20, 24, 100: 
V. ANTIDOTE. 

thermometer : 

Kr. 


thesis; thésis (@éocs): the t. “ whe- 
ther Orestes was rightly absolved,” t. an 
Orestes recte sit absolutus, Quint. 3, 5, 
11: pure Lat. propositum, v. THEME. 

theurgic: theurgicus: v. maaic. 

theurgy: theurgia: v. MaGic. 

thew: |. Manners, behaviour: 
mores, v. CHARACTER. I]. Sinew: 
nervus: Vv, SINEW. 

they: v. HE: Lat. Gr. $§ 78, 79, 357- 


* thermometrum 





377, 614-618. 
thick (adj.): |. Closeiy packed, 
with small intervals between the parts: 
1, densus (opp. to rarus): ¢. dust, 
d@ pulvis, Liv. 21, 46: very t. woods, d. 
silvae, Caes. B. G. 4, 38: the ¢. masses 
of the enemy, d. hostes, Virg. Aen. 2, 
511: t. air (i. e. a nest), d. aer, Hor, Od. 
2,7, 14° they put on t. coats, d. instau- 
rant tunicas, Plin. 11, 23, 27 (of insects) : 
a t.and rather fatty skin, d. cutis et 
suppinguis, Cels. 6, 4. 9. condens- 
us (rare: stronger than preced.): a ¢. 
line of battle, c. acies, Liv. 26, 5: ¢. 
clouds, c. nubila, Lucr. 6, 466: Virg. 
The intensitive perdensus is in Col., 
praedensus in Plin. 3. spissus 
cnoety poet.): a t. body, s. corpus, 
Lucr. 6,124: t. darkness, s. caligo, Ov. 
M. 7, 528: rough stones are of a t. and 
solid nature, caementa sunt s. et solida 
proprietate, Vitr. 2, 8, 6; a@ t. shower 
of kisses, spississima basia, Petr. 31, 
1: Sen. [4 ¢. tunic, tunica s., PL. 
Epid. 2, 2, 48 (opp. to ralla) in a 
catalogue of fashionable dresses: the 





expr. toga crassa, Hor. 8. 1, 3, 155 
pinguis, Suet. Aug. 82, denote coarse 
material, not closely woven. | 4, cras- 
Bus (gross, solid: opp. to tenuis): in ¢. 
and moist spots, in locis c. atque humec- 
tis, Cat. R. R. go, 1: a thin atmosphere 
at Athens, a t. one at Thebes, Athenis 
tenue coelum, c. Thebis, Cic. Fat. 4, 7. 

5, artus (pressed together within 
narrow limits): t.er woods, artiores 
silvae, Caes. B. G. 7, 18. very €. dark- 
ness, artissimae tenebrae, Suet. Ner. 46. 

G. confertus (closely packed): in a 

852 


t. crowd, in conferta multitudine, Suet. 
Tib. 2. never t. but scattered, nunquam 
c. sed rari, Caes. B. G. 5, 16: v. CROWD- 
ED. 7, créber, bra, brum (usu. with 
ref. to number, t. and numerous): they 


Sell to earth as t. as pears, tam crebri ad 


terram accidebant quam piri, Pl. Poen, 
2, 38: the south-west wind t. with storms, 
c. procellis Africus, Virg. Aen. I, 85: 
Caes. B. G, 5, 9. 8. pinguis (fat, of 
luxuriant growth, dense): very t. hat, 
pinguissima coma, Suet. Ner. 20: very 
short t. leaves, folia brevissima atque 
pinguissima, Plin. 21, 9, 29: @ ¢. con- 
densed atmosphere, coelum p. et con- 
cretum, Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130. Phr.: a 
very t, wood, plurima silva, Ov. M. 14, 
361; profunda, Lucr. 5, 41: @ ¢. beard, 
b. opaca, Cat. 37, 19: ¢. skin, callum, 
Cie.: v. SKIN: the sky is t. with dust, 
stat pulvere coelum, Virg. Aen. 12, 408: 
the t.er nature of the atmosphere, plenior 
coeli natura, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17. i 
Applied to liquids: (i.) semt-fluid: 
1, crassus: very t. asses’ milk, cras- 
sissimum lac asinae, Plin. 11, 41, 96: ¢. 
blood, c. cruor, Virg. Aen. 5, 469. 2. 
spissus: t. blood, 8. sanguis, Ov. M. 11, 
36%. 3, concrétus: ter and more 
tenacious than what is called serum, 
concretior lentiorque quam quod serum 
vocatur, Plin. 11, 41, 96: applied also to 
certain states of the atmosphere, Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 18,42: Div. 1, 57,130: v. CURD- 
LED, CONGEALED. Phr.: a t. sedtment, 
crassamen, inis, 7.; crassamentum, Col. 5 
crassitudo, Cat.: (ii.) containing matter 
in solution: turbidus: the Haemus t. 
with gold, auro t. Haemus, Virg. G. 2, 
137: Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97: V. TURBID, 
MuDby. |||. Having some extent when 
measured through : 1, crassus: @ 
t. rope, c. restis, Pl. Pers. 5, 2, 34: 
steps not t.er than g inches, gradus non 
crassiores dodrante, Vitr. 3, 4, 4: @ 
t. volume, c. volumen, Mart. 5, 78, 
25: three t. fingers, digiti c. tres, Cat. 
R. R. 40, 4: @ weapon t. with blood, c. 
telum sanguine, Stat. Th. 2, 659. DF 
callosus (prop. t.-skinned): t. eggs, ¢. 
ova, Hor. S. 2, 4, 14. expr. by 
“broad” or equiv. phr.: brick walls 
two or three bricks t., lateritii parietes 
diplinthii aut triplinthii, Vitr. 2, 8, 17: 
a wall 25 feet t., murus latus pedes 
xxv., Hygin. Fab. 223: if the planie be 
very t., Si sit latissima taeda, Juv. 12, 59. 
{N.B.—Duplex is prob. not used in this 
sense: in Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 25, it means 
two, v. Orell. ad loc.: in Cat. R. R. 20, 
2, it prob. refers to some peculiarly 
made nails.} IV. Of the voice: a t. 
utterance, obtusa vox (opp. to clara), 
Quint. 11, 3, 15° excessively t., praepin- 
guis, id. 11, 3, 32: to render the voice t., 
obscurare vocem, id. IT, 3, 20. 
thick (subs.) ; expr. by an adj. : into 
the t. of the enemy, medios in hostes, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 377: so densi hostes, id. 
ib. 2, 511. Prov.: “through t. and 
thin,’ * per lutum ac paludes (Kxr.). 
thicken: |. To make thick: 1, 
denso, no pf., I, or denseo, no pf., 2 (the 
former in Liv.: Quint.: Virg.: the 
latter in Lucr.: Hor.: Tac.: Virg. and 
late Latin): to ¢. what was just now 
thin, d. erant rara quae modo, Virg. G. 
1, 419: to t. milk into butter, d. lac in 
butyrum, Plin. 11, 41, 96. The comp. 
condenso, 1, is to press close together. 
9. spisso, 1: to t. milk, Plin. 11, 41, 
go: the comps. conspisso, inspisso, occur 
only in the part.: t.'d soil, conspissa- 
tum solum, Col. 2, 18, 5: flesh t.’d as in 
warts, caro inspissata quomodo in ver- 
rucis, Veget. Vet. 2, 30, I. 8. crasso, 
1: hairs are t.d into bristles, pili cvas- 
santur in setas, App. M. 3, p. 139: Cael. 
Aur. has crassifico, 1. 4, cOgo, coégi, 
coactum, 3 (to condense): to t. milk by 
cold, c. lac frigore, Virg. G. 4, 35: Plin. 
5, obduro, 1 (to harden : cook’s t.t.): 
Apic.: V. HARDEN, [|. Zo grow thick: 
1. expr. by some of the preced. 
verbs in the pass. or with pron. vefl. 
(which is sometimes omitted) > the dark- 
ness t.s, densantur tenebrae, Virg. G. 1, 
248: they do not allow the roots to t., 








non sinunt radices condensare (sc. se)» 
Col. 2,18,6. 2, or by anincept. verb: 
as crassesco, 3: wine t.s, crassescit vin- 
um, Plin. 23, 1, 22: Col.: spissesco, 3: 
the cloud t.s, spissescit nubes, Lucr. 6, 
176: diresco, dtrui, 3: Cic.; Virg.: v. 
HARDEN: crebresco, 3, is used only fig. 
of reports or rumours. 
thickening: 1, densatio: Plin. 
31, 7, 39, § 82. 2. condensatio : Cael. 
Aur. 8, conspissatio: ‘Theod. Prisc, 
4, crassificatio : Cael. Aur. 
thicket: 1, friiticétum (also 
contr, fritectum, fritétum, Col.; Plin.): 
to climb hills by grasping t.s or bushes, 
scandere clivos f. prensando vel dumos, 
Amm. 14, 2,6: Hor. Od. 3,12, 10. Suet. 
(Hence adj. friitectdsus ; a tract covered 
with t.s, f. tractus, Col. 2, 2,11.) [N.B. 
—Instead of the collect. subs. may be 
used the pl. of friitex, icis, m., or even 
the sing., as in Phaedr. 1, 11, 4: v. 
L. Gr. § 590.] 2. dimétum (a place 
covered with brushwood): a tomb sur- 
rounded and overgrown with thorns and 
t.s, septum et vestitum vepribus sepul- 
crum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 64. Fig.: the 
t.s of the Stoics (i.e, the mazes of their 
logic), Stoicorum d., id. Acad. 2, 35, 112. 
3. virguita, drum, n. pl. (brush- 
wood, esp. young, thickly growing 
shoots): ensconced in the t., virgultis 
abditus, Ov. M. 14, 349: in concealed 
spots round about the dense tangled t.s, 
locis circa densa obsita v. obscuris, Liv 
I, 14, ad med. (Weissenborn). 4. 
expr. by the coll. termination -€tum 
or -tum, when a particular kind of ¢. is 
meant: a willow t., salictum (ef. Ov. M. 
II, 363): an osier t., viminetum: a t. of 
thorns, spinetum, etc.: Vv. WILLOW, 
OSIER, THORN, elec. : 
thick-headed: 1, bardus (rare: 
only in posit.): he said that Socrates 
was stupid and t., stupidum esse Socra- 
tem dixit et b., Cic. Fat. 5, 10: v. sTU- 
PID. 2. plumbeus (leaden) : whut is 
said of a fool, a dolt, a blockhead, an 
ass, a t. fellow, quae sunt dicta in stul- 
to, caudex, stipes, asinus, p., Ter, 
Heaut. 5, 1,4: Cic. Tusc. 1, 29,71. §, 
crassus: the t. multitude, c. turba, Mart. 
g, 22,2. Phr.: the foll. pass. describes 
(com.) a t. man: “elepbanti corio cir- 
cumtentus est, non suo, neque habet plus 
sapientiae quam lapis,” Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 82. 
thickish: expr. by compar, of adj, 
(L. Gr. § 351), esp. with paullo: ef. Cic. 
de Or. I, 60, 255: Hor. S. 1, 3, 29 and 
63. Succrassus and subdensus are agree- 
able to analogy, but are not found. 
Subcrassulus, however, occurs in Capitol. 
Gord. 6, 1. A t. voice is subsurda vox, 
Quint. 11, 3, 32 (al. non surda). Sup- 
pinguis in Cels. 6, 4, is applied to a 
diseased skin: “densa cutis ets.” 
thickly: |. Closely, with small 
intervals : 1, dense (very rare: it 
usu, denotes frequency): alder-trees cut 
down rather t., caesae densius alni, Plin. 
16, 39, 67. 2, spisse (in Cic. it de- 
notes fig. slowly): to plant trees t., ar- 
bores s. ponere, Col. 5, 10, 5: timber t. 
compacted (i. e. closé-grained), materia s. 
solidata, Vitr. 2, 9, 14. 8, confertim 
(compar. confertius, Amm.): to gather 
together t. as they fell back, c. se reci- 
pere, Sall. J. 50: v. CLOSELY. 4, cre- 
bre (prop. of nwmber, in great quantity): 
alder-trees t. driven in (as a founda- 
tion), alnus c. fixa, Vitr. 2, 9, To: Vv. 
COMPACTLY: crebro is FREQUENTLY. 
Phr.: that part of the city is very t. 
inhabited, ea pars urbis frequentissime 
habitatur, Cic. Verr. 4,53, 119° he shoots 
his shafts t. together, spargens hastilia 
densat, Virg. Aen. 11, 650; ground t. 
overgrown with plants, solum_herbis 
colligatum, Col, 2, 18, 5. I]. Zo some 
depth: crasse: to coat vessels t, with 
pitch, vasa c. picare, Col. 12,43, 5- OIL. 
Of the voice: expr. by the adj.: v. 
THICK. 
thickness: |. CJoseness of parts: 
j. densitas: the t. of paper, d. 
chartae, Plin. 13, 12, 24 (of closely- 
woven paper): the t. of sea-water, 4. 
humoris, id. If, 3, 2- Q, crassitada 


THICK-SET 


inis, /. (very class.): the t. of the atmo- 
sphere, c. aeris, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93: Vitr. 
4, 3, 9 (spissa c.): crassities and cras- 
sitas occur in App. M. 4, p. 189, eztr., 
and id, de mundo, 65. 3, spissitado, 
inis, f.: the t. of the atmosphere, 8. aeris 
erassi, Sen. N. Q. 2, 30, 4 spissitas is 
used of the close wood of the oak in 
Vitr. 2, 9, 8. 4, crebritas (¢. i 
number): the t. of the woods, C. sil- 
varum, Vitr. 8, I, 7. 5, fréquentia : 
the t. of the atmosphere, f. coeli, 
Vitr. 9, 9 (8), 3- I. OF liquids: 
consistency : 1, crassitiido, inis, 
f.: Plin. 28, 12, 50, ad fin. 9. 
spissitiido, Inis, /.: Scrib. Comp. 3: 
densitas may be used, as in Plin. 35, 15, 
51, limus in d. coit: strictly, however, 
it denotes density rather than consist- 
ency: see examples under No. 1, Il. 
Dimension, extent through : 1, cras- 
sitiido, inis, f.: the t. of walls, c. parie- 
tum, Caes, B. C. 2, 8: the t. of the thigh, 
c. feminis, id. B. G. 7, 73: the t. of an 
arm, c. brachialis, Plin. 17, 17,27: very 
freq.in Vitr. 2, plénitudo, inis, f.: a 
rod of moderate t., pertica modicae 
plenitudinis, Col. 4, 30, 4: Plin. 3. 
sdliditas: the t. of a tre, s. arboris, 
Pall. 3, 17, 5- 4, densitas, in the 
expr. d. chartae, Plin. 13, 12, 24, is prop. 
the close texture of the paper, but im- 
plies of course @ certain extent of t.: 
hence it may be used in this and similar 
pbr. IV. Of speech: expr. by the 
j.; v. THICK, No. LV. 

thick-set : |. Closely planted: 
expr. by densus, condensus : bodies t. 
with bristles, corpora setis densissima, 
Ov. M. 13, 846: am olive-garden t. with 
trees, olivetum crebris arboribus con- 
densum, Auct. B. Afr. 50. with t. hedges 
intervening, sepibus densissimis inter- 
jectis, Caes. B. G. 2, 22. I]. Com- 
pactly built: 1, compactus: he 
was square-built, with ¢. strong limbs, 
statura fuit quadrata, compactis fir- 
misque membris, Suet. Vesp. 20: of @ 
t. sturdy frame, compacto corpore et 
robusto, Plin. Ep. 7, 24. 2. com- 
pactilis : Plin. 8, 16, 18. 8. quadratus: 
young, t. oxen, boves novelli, q., Col. 6, 
1, 3: v. No I and prume, Phr.: a 
t. woman, gemina (femina), Lucr. 4, 
1161 (al. simula). 

— -skinned: Lit.: cal- 
losus: Cels.6, 3: V. CALLOUS: to become 
t., occallesco, lui, 3. Il. Fig.: expr. 
by pbr. with callum, etc.: Zam now 
quite t., jam prorsus occallui, Cic. Att. 2, 
18, extr.: v. CALLOUS, INDIFFERENT. 

——-veined: crassivenius: the t. 
maple, c. acer, Plin. 16, 15, 26. 

|, One who steals: ib 
fur, furis, comm.: to raise a hue and 


and purple, f. privatorum furtorum in 
nervo atque in compedibus aetatem 
agunt, f. publici in auro atque in pur- 
pura, Cato in Gell. 11, 18, ad fin.: a 
most ignorant t. of the antiquated 
words of Cuto, priscorum Catonis ver- 
borum f. ineruditissimus, Suet. Gram. 
5: aband of t.s, furum manipulus, Ter. 
Eun. 4, 7, 6 (perh. globus would be the 
better expr. in gen.; cf. Tac. A. 12, 54); 
v. PLAGIARIST. Dimin.: furunculus (a 
petty t.): Cic. Pis. 27,66. 2, furrator: 
Tert. 3, trifur(am out and out t.): Pl. 
Aul.4,4,6. 4, clepta (kAer7ms): Pl. 
Truc. 1, 2, 9. 5, barpago: Pl. Trin. 
2, 1, 13 (17). Phr.: a t, homo trium 
literarum, Pl. Aul. 2, 4, 46 (com.: 7. e. 
fur): a den of t.s, perh. furum recep- 
tator et occultator locns, after Cic. Mil. 
19, 50; spelunca latronum, Vulg. Matt. 
xxi. 133 spoliarium, Sen. Plin.: v. 
ROBBER: “honour among thieves,” perb. 
canis caninam non est, Prov. in Varr. 
L. L. 7, 3, 87: the god of t.s, furatrinus 
dens, Fulgent. Mythol. 1, 18 (of Mer- 
cury) a market-place full of t.s, not of 
cooks, non coquinum, verum furinum 
forum, Pl. Ps. 3,2, 2. {. An excrescence 
ina candle: fungus: Virg. G. 1, 392. 


HE E 


THING 


De, 


thieve: fiiror, 1- v. STEAL, FILCH. 
thieving: furatrina. skill 


THEFT. 
thievish: 


slave, f. servus, 


fiirax, dcis: 


ab 





















































Att. 6, 3, 1 (Ernesti bas sigax). 
furtificus: ¢. hands, f. manus, 
3, 2, 97- 
com. by milvinae, 
PL. Ps. 3, 2, 63: sentes 


sticky hands), Mart. @, 59, 4 
Schneidewin bas piperata). 


12 furtim, furto, means stealthily). 
ievishn 
29, 41 (said of the jackdaw). 


as the outer 
thill; témo: v. sHarT. 
thimble: no equiv.: 


Most. 2, 1, 47. 


deceives by juggling tricks): Sen.: Pl.: 
Vv. JUGGLER. 


THICK (subs.). 
thin (agj.): ss. rn 
density: 1, ténuis (oft. dissyll. in 
poet.): @ t. atmosphere, t. coelum (opp. 


clouds, t. lanae vellera, Virg. G. 1, 397 
(cf. inania nubila, id. ib. 4, 196). A 
rarus (not close): t. air, r. aer, Lucr. 2, 
107: t. hair, r. coma, Ov. Am. I, 8, r11: 
the t.er part of the woods, rariores silvae, 
Tac. Agr. 37: t. ranks, r. ordines, Liv. 
g, 27, ad med. : a t. gown, tunica r., Ov. 
Am. 1, 5, 13 (but r. vestis, in Cat. 69, 3, 
is rare, costly), Hence, rallus, Pl. Epid. 
2,2,46. Phr.: @ ¢. senate, infrequens 
senatus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10 (12), I: “ scat- 
ters the rear of darkness t.,” (Mil- 
ton), perh. expr. by laxare tenebras, 
after Stat. Th. 12, 254. Il. Having 
little thickness, in dimension : : 
ténuis (see No. 1): @ ¢. needle, t. acus, 
Ov. Am. 3, 7, 30: a long t. neck, procer- 
um et t. collum, Cic. Brut. 91, 313: @ ¢. 
toga, t. toga, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32: at. line 
of march, t. agmen, Liv, 25, 23, ad fin.: 
a very t. laf, praetenue folium, Plin. 
16, 31, 56: who also has pertenuis, 18, 
6, 7, No. 2.  Q, gracilis (slim): ¢. 
legs, g. crura, Suet. Ner. 51: @ ¢. pam- 
phlet, g. libellus, Mart. 13, 3, 1: @. (i.e. 
Jine) hair, g. comae, Ov. Am. I, 14, 23: 
a very t. stalk, pergracilis caulis, Plin. 
25, 13, 101: very t., praegracilis, Tac. A. 
4,57. Fig.: t. vintages, &. vindemiae, 
Plin. Ep. 9, 20: Vv. POOR, SCANTY. : 
exilis (meagre): @ t. thigh, e. femur, 
Hor. Epod. 8, 10: a ¢., small, shrivelled 
heart, &. et exiguum et vietum cor, Cic. 
Div. 2, 16, 37: very t., perexilis, Col. 11, 
2,60, Fig.: at. soil, e. solum, Cic. Agr. 
2,25, 61: 4, miicer, cra, crum: Vv. 
LEAN. 5, subtilis (fine-spun): a t. 
thread, s. filum, Lucr. 4, 86: the ¢. edge 
of the sword, s. acies terri, Sen. Ep. 76, 
14° Catul. 64, 63. 6. lévidensis: a 
t. garment, 1. vestis, Isid. Orig. 19, 22: 
fig. in Cic. of a trifling gift. Phr.: a 
decree was passed against the Romans, 
under a t. disguise of words, decretum 
sub levi verborum praetextu adversus 
Romanos factum est, Liv. 36,6: @ very 
;& man, home vegrande macie torrid- 


in t., 
| furatrinae artificium, App. M. 10, p. 245: 
\furatio is of doubtful authority: v. 


at. 
Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 248. 
Q, tiigax, acis (light-fingered) : Cic. 


3. 
PL. Ps. 
4, t. hands may be expr. 
aquilinae, ungulae, 
(thorns which 
drag away whatever they touch), id. 
Cas. 3,6, 1 (q. V.): piceata manus (pitchy, 
(where 


thievishly: furaciter, Cic. Vatin, 5, 
ess: fiiracitas: Plin. to, 


thigh: fémur, Oris or inis, 7. (no | 
mom. femen occurs, though mentioned | 
by Serv. and Prisc.): to chafe the t.s by 
riding, femora atterere equitatu, Plin. 
28, 15, 61: to slap the t. (by way of em- 
phasis), f. pereutere, Cic. Brut. 80, 278: 
the t.-bones, femina, Cels. 8, 1, ad jin. : 
more exactly, the t.-bone is os femoris, 
id. ib. [N.B.—There seems no sufficient 
ground for the distinction of feminis, etc., 
t., from femoris the inner f.} 














digitale or 
digitabnlum in Varr. is a Jinger-stall 
or hal/-glove for picking olives : *muni- 
ic. ab acus injuriis digitos tuens 

cr.). 

thimbleful; guttitla (a little drop): 
Pl. Epid. 4, 1, 27 (31): do not drink a t. 
the less, haud tantillo minus potate, id. 


— -rigger: praestigiator (one who 


thin (subs.): “thick and t.”: v. 


Having little 


to crassum), Cic. Fat. 4, 7- t. fleecy 





| GOODS. 


us, Cic. Agr. 2, 34,93: worn ¢., attritus: 
Vv. WORN. Il. OF Wquids : ], tén- 
uis: ¢. wine, t. vinum, Plin. 14, & 8, 
§ 63. Q, diliitus: a t. drink, d. potio, 
Cels. 1,3: V.DILUTED. It is also applied 
to the mixing of colours. IV. of 
sounds ¢ 1, exilis: a ¢. voice, @ vox 
(opp. to plenus), Quint. 11, 3,15 where- 
as exiguus expr. a small volume of 
sound. 9, ténuis: a ¢. sharp voice, t. 
et acuta vox, id. 11, 3, 42: praetenuis, 
id.11,3,41. 93, pusillus: a ¢, worce, p. 
vox, id. 11, 3, 32. déductus : 
a t. voice, d. vox, Lucil.: Afran. 

thin (v.): |. Zo render less dense 
or numerous : 1, ténuo, 1: the sun 
t.s the thick almosphere, sol aera spis- 
sum tenuat, Sen. N. Q. §, 3, 3: ¥- BARE- 
ry: to t. the eyebrows, palpebrarum 
crassitudinem t., id. Ep. 64, 8° Ov. 2. 
atténuo, 1 (more freq. in prose than 
preced.): a legion t.’d by battles, legio 
proeliis attenuata, Caes. B. C. 3, 89: 
Catul. 64, 41: Vv. DIMUNISH. 3. ex- 
ténuo, 1: Cic. N. D. 2, 39, tor (of the 
air). 4, intervello, vulsi, vulsum, 3 
(to t. by plucking out here and there): 
to t. the beard, i. barbam, Sen. Ep. 114, 
21: Col. 5, 10, 5. 5, interlégo, légi, 
lectum, 3 (syn. of preced.): Virg. G. 2, 
366. 6. expr. by ¢. t. for ting trees: 
collucare, Cat. R. R. 139; interlicare, 
Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 214; sublucare, Fest. 
Phr.: tot. the hair, mitigare pilos, Plin. 
35, 6, 19. ||. To render less thick, in 
dimension : 1, ténuo, 1: the plough- 
share is t.’d by use, vomer tenuatur ab 
usu, Ov. Pont. 2, 7, 43: V. WEAR AWAY. 

Q, atténuo, 1: to t. the hands of a 
statue, a. manus signi, Lucr, 1, 317 (by 
touching). 3, exténuo, 1: to t. wood 
with a pruning-knife (i.e. pare tt), lig- 
num falce e., Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6. 

—, grow: |. Yo become less 
dense: j, raresco, 3: the wool of 
quadrupeds grows t., quadrupedibus 
lanae rarescunt, Plin. 11, 39. 94, ad jim.: 
the clouds grow t., rarescunt nubila, Lucr. 
6, 214. Q, raréfio: Lucr. 1, 648 (opp. 


to denseri). |]. 70 become less in 
dimension: gracilesco, 3: V. TAPEK: 
macresco, 3}: V. GROW LEAN: 80, Te 


macresco, crui, 3 (to grom t. agam), 
Suet. Dom. 18: ténuesco only occurs 1 
part.; applied by Censorin. to the wan- 
ing moon. 
thine: tuus: 
thing: |. Any object of thought : 
1, res, rei (connect. with reor, / 
think, hence the most exact and gen. 
equiv. of ¢.): the life of living creatures 
is maintained by three t.s, tribus rebus 
animantium vita tenetur, Cic. N. D. 2, 
54,134 boys rapidly pick up innumer- 
able things, pueri celeriter r. innumera- 
biles arripiunt, id. Sen. 21, 78: the nature 
of t.s, rerum natura, id.: Luer.: ts 
cannot be worse, pejore r. loco non potest 
esse, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 46 (observe the 
sing.) : t.s looked very like brigandage, 
r, proxime formam latrocinil venerat, 
Liv. 2, 48. 9, expr. not less freq. by 
the neut. gend.: see Lat. Gr. $ 3 
is one t. to write to a friend, another to 
write for the public, aliud est amico, 
aliud omnibus scribere, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 
extr.: but enough of these t.s, sed hae: 
hactenus, Cic. Fam. 3, 10, It. 3, nés- 
Stium (business, matier): in how Jew 
words do they think the t, settled] quam 
paucis verbis n. confectum putant, Cic. 
Div. 2, 49, 103. 4, nitiira (element, 
substance): he doubts what that t. may 
be, dubitat quae sit ea n., Cic. N. D. 2. 
35, 89. CN.B.—Ens, entis, ., is a phil. 
t. of the schoolmen.) Phr.- and woman 
is a faithless t,, nec tidum femina nomen, 
Tib. 3, 4, 61: how ts an evil age an evil 
t. for the back, ut aetas mala mala merx 
est tergo, Pl. Men. 5, 2, 6: as 5 go, ut 
nunc est, Hor. S. 1,9, 5: we must ac- 
commodate ourselves to the marriage of 
that poor t., illius misellae matrimonio 
serviendum est, Cic. Fam. 14, 4,3. I. 
In pl.: goods, moveables : 1, res, ré- 
rum (pl.): Cic.: Hor.: V. PROPERTY, 
Dimin.: resciila: beggarly 
ragged t.s, paupertinae asa Ka 
53 


V. THY. 


39: ul 


THINK 


THINKING 


THIRD 





App. M. 4, p. 147, extr. 2. sarcina 
(package: used in pl.); with a great 
part of her t.s, cum magna sarcinarum 
parte, Petr. 114, 7. Dimin.: sarcinula: 
pack up your t.s, collige sarcinulas, Juv. 
6, 146. 8. expr. by the neué. pl.: 
he removes his trumpery t.s, frivola 
transfert, Juv. 3, 198. 
|. Yo have ideas in the 
1: to a learned and 
educated man to live is to t., docto ho- 
mini et erudito vivere est c., Cic. Tusc. 
5, 38,111. Phr.: man, born to t. and 
act, homo ad intelligendum et ad agend- 
um natus, id. Fin. 2, 13,40: tot. aright, 
mente recte uti, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 1co: if 
any one t.s whilst journeying or walk- 
éng, si quis in itinere aut in ambuiatione 
secum ipse meditetur, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 
144: V. THOUGHT: in exclamations it is 
expr. by an infin.: to t. that this sun 
has risen so unpropitiously for me! 
bunccine solem tam nigrum surrexisse 
mihi, Hor. S. 1, 9, 72: Lat. Gr. § 516. 
|]. Yo entertain an opinion : it 
arbitror, 1 (in Cic. some.imes as pass. : 
see Verr. 5, 41, 106, Zumpt: prop. a leg. 
t. t. of giving evidence: to believe): I t. 
so, we do not know for certain, a.,certum 
>nim non scimus, Ter. Eun. t, 2, 30: to 
t. that the war could be quickly finished, 
a.id bellum celeriter confici posse, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 28. 2. existimo, 1: (prop. to 
judge of the value of any thing): I 
quite t. so, ita prorsus e., Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 
14: the system is thought to have been 
brought over into Gaul, disciplina in 
Galliam translata esse existimatur, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 13: tot. badly of any one, male 
de aliquo e., Cic. Off. 2, 10, 36: to t. 
kindly of, amabiliter in aliquem e., 
Anton. in Cic. Att. 14, 13. 3, piito, 
I (prop. to form an vupinion after due 
examination: in Ov. and the later poets 
often puto, e. g. Ov. Am. 3, 7, 2): do you 
t. that I say these things in jest ? jocari 
me putas? Cic. Att. 16, 5, ad fin. : you 
used to t. that my trifles were something, 
tu solebas meas esse aliquid p. nugas, 
Catul. 1, 3. 4, reor, ratus, 2 (the 
word belongs to poet. and the high style, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153): do you t. that he 
became mad after Icilling his mother ? 
an tu reris eum occisa insanisse parente? 
Hor, S. 2, 3,134: I find them to be more 
numerous than I thought, plures quam 
rebar esse cognovi, Cic. Div. 2, 2, 5. 
5, Opinor, 1 (Cic. makes the same 
remark as on the preced., l. c.): from 
the first rise of living creatures, as I t., 
a primo, ut o., animantium ortu, Cic. Fin. 
2, 10, 31: to ¢. ill of Caesar, male o. de 
Caesare, Suet. Aug. 51. 6. censeo, 2 
(prop. of a formal expr. of opinion): 
I t. we must rise and retire to rest, sur- 
gendum c. et requiescendum, Cic. de Or. 
2, 90, 367: v. JUDGE. J, diico, xi, 
ctum, 3 (account, consider): to t. any- 
thing of little moment, parvi d. aliquid, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: they t. nothing right 
but what seems good in their eyes, nil 
rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83: v. REGARD, HOLD, 
CONSIDER. 8, crédo, didi, ditum, 3: 
V. BELIEVE: it is often used ironically. 
9, sentio, si, sum, 4 (to feel): to t. 
one thing and speak another, aliud s., 
aliud loqui, Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 21: tf you 
were in my place you would t. differ- 
ently, tu si hic sis aliter sentias, Ter. 
Andr. 2, 1, 10: tot. wonderfully well of 
any one, mirabiliter de aliquo s., Cic. 
Fam. 4, 13,5: V. FEEL, BE OF OPINION. 
10. suspicor, 1 (surmise): I thought 
my book would please you, placiturum 
tibi esse librum meum suspicabar, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 2, 9, 1 (2, 9, 1). Il]. The orat. 
obliq. may sometimes expr. the verb to 
f., esp. in histor. style: cf. Lat. Gr. § 466, 
Obs. Pbhr.: as I t., mea sententia, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 23, 95: V. OPINION: I 
t. quite differently, longe mihi alia 
mens est, Sall. Cat. 52, ad init.: the 
multitude being in confusion through 
not knowing what to t. of the deed, 
tumultuans multitudo incerta existima- 
tione facti, Liv. 4, 15, ad init.: quicker 
than was thought, opinione celerius, 
854 





Cic. Fam. 14, 23: / t. that I have often 
heard, saepe mihi videor audisse, id. 
N. D. 1, 21, 58: I would not venture to 


| write it unless Panaetius thought so too, 


scribere id non auderem nisi idem pla- 
ceret Panaetio, id. Off. 2, 14, 51: to t. 
more highly of, pluris facere, id. Fam. 
3,4, 2: V. VALUE, ESTEEM: they thought 
that the last night was come upon the 
universe, novissimam illam noctem 
mundo interpretabantur, Plin. Ep. 6, 20. 
think about, of, over: |. Zo dwell 
upon in thought: J, cogito, 1 (constr. 
with ace. or abl. with de): whether I t. 
over any matter, or write or read any- 
thing, sive quid mecum ipse c. sive quid 
aut scribo aut lego, Cic. Leg. 2,1, 1: to 
t. of nothing but rocks and mountains, 
nil nisi saxa et montes c., id. ib. 2, 1, 2: 
to t. very often of our common miseries, 
persaepe c. de communibus miseriis, id. 
Fam. 7, 3, 1: V. CONSIDER, REFLECT : to 
t. over earnestly, toto pectore, animo c., id. 
Att. 13,12, extr.; Fam. 1, 7,3: excogito, 
1, is to find out some expedient by t.ing, 
id. Att. 9, 6: V. DEVISE. 2. répiito, 
1: to t. over again and again, etiam 
atque etiam r., Pl. Trin. 3, 2, 48. Join: 
r. et cogitare, Cic. Deiot. 13, 38. 3. 
puto, 1 (less freq. than preced.): whilst 
ting of these things I passed by the 
house unawares, dum haec puto prae- 
terii imprudens villam, Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 
4: Cic. 4. méditor, 1 (constr. with 
acc.: rarely de): Vv. MEDITATE. os 
commentor, I (to ¢. over thoroughly: 
constr. with acc. or de): to t. over one’s 
coming miseries, futuras secum c. mis- 
erias, Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 2g (poet.): Brut. 
88, 301. 6. verso, 1: also volvo, 3, 
voluto, I: Vv. TURN OVER, PONDER. Te 
agito, I (usu. with mente, animo: also 
with ace. or abl. with de): to t. of war, a. 
in animo bellum, Liv. 21, 2; de bello a., 
Tac. H. 2,1: he has nothing else to t. of, 
habet nihil aliud quod agitet in mente, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 114. Join: a. et cogi- 
tare, id. Fontei. 6, 12. 8, pensito, 1 
(constr. with acc. or abl. with de): to t. 
gloomily over anything, aliquid moro- 
sissime p., Suet. Aug. 66: Liv.: Gell. 
9, récordor, 1: v. REMEMBER. 10, 
prospicio, spexi, spectum, 3: V. TAKE 
CARE OF. Phr.: to t. of anything, 
cogitationem suscipere de aliqua re, 
Caes. in Cic. Att. 9, 7, C: I perceive 
what he is ting of, quo animum in- 
tendat perspicio, Cic. Verr. Act. I, 3, to: 
to t. of the calamities of states, civita- 
tum calamitates animo colligo, id. Inv. 
I, 1,1: can what I am t.ing of be ac- 
complished ? fierine potest quod ego 
mente concipio? Liv. 1, 36: t. in your 
mind of that which you cannot see with 
your eyes, animo contemplare quod 
oculis non potes, Cic. Deiot. 14, go: I 
am wont to t. of that time, solet mihi in 
meutem venire illius temporis, id. Fam. 
7, 3,1: ef. Lat. Gr. (278, Obs.5: I have 
never thought of you as other than you 
are, nunquam te aliter atque es induxi 
in animum meum, Ter. Ad. 4, 3,6: he 
thought of a plan which appeared rash 
at jirst sight, ad consilium prima specie 
temerarium animum adjecit, Liv. 25, 37, 
ad fin.: V. BETHINK ONESELF : he thought 
of his own advancement rather than the 
welfure of the state, ad suum magis ille 
commodum quam ad saiutem rei pub- 
licae spectabat, Cic. Sest. 16, 37. L 
To be bent up-m: 1. cogito, 1 (with 
foll. inf.): he who t.s of harming an- 
other, 18 qui nocere alteri cogitat, Cic. 
Off. 1, 7, 24: V. INTEND, DESIGN, PUR- 
POSE. Q2, méditor, 1: Vv. MEDITATE, IT. 
Phr.: as I am t.ing of doing, ut mihi 
est in animo facere, Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20: 
he thought of disinheriting him, istum 
exheredare in animo habuit, id. Rosc. 
Am. 18, §2. 
thinker: no exact equiv.: in Cic. 
the word philosophus is freq. used in a 
sense not tar from that of the Eng. : also, 
intelligendi gravissimus auctor, Cic. Or, 
3, 10: a severe t., * cogitandi severitati 
assuetus (Kr.): expr. therefore by a verb 
or phr.: v. SPECULATOR, PHILOSOPHER. 
thinking (part. and adj.): cdgita- 











bundus (wrapt in thought): v. MEDITA} 
TIVE: the t. powers, mens, Sall. C. 15; 
a t. being, meus, Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 15: 
nothing is so foreign to a t. man, nibil 
a sapiente tam alienum est, id. Acad. 2, 
43, 132: i ts the characteristic of @ 
learned and t. man, dvcti et intellie 
gentis viri est, id. Fin. 3, 5, 19. 
thinking (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
also THOUGHT: manner of t. = cogitatio 
in Cic. de Or. 3,5, 17: cogitamen occurs 
in Tert. 
thinly: |. Not densely: rare: to 
sow t., r. conserere, Col. 2, 9,6. Phr.: 
Lan vather t. clad, levius vestio, App. 
Apol. p. 287: cities very t. inhabited, 
urbes pene desertae, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, 
§ 25. Il. Not thickly, in respect of 
dimension : 1, ténuiter: leather t. 
prepared, alutae t. confectae, Caes. B. G. 
3, 13: tenuatim occurs in Apic. Be 
oes s oe SLENDERLY. (Exiliter is 
only found fig. in Cic. : poorly, meagrely. 
thinness: |. Want of idles 
1, ténuitas: its ¢. is such that it 
evades the sight, tanta est ejus t. ut 
fugiat aciem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50. oy 
raritas: ¢. of the hair, r. capillorum, 
Suet. Oth. 12. Phr.: the t. of the 
legion, paucitas legionis, Caes. B.G. 3, 2: 
so, infrequentia senatus, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2- 
Il. Want of thickness, in dimension - 
1, ténuitas: if only the health be 
good. t. itself is pleasing, valetudo modo 
bona sit t. ipsa delectat, Cic. Brut. 16, 
64: the t. of paper, t. chartae, Plin. 13, 
12, 24 (where it is opp. to densitas, and 
expr. primarily the thin texture of the 
paper). 2. gracilitas (thinness): ex- 
ceeding t. and weakness of body, summa 
g. et infirmitas corporis, Cic. Brut. gt 
313: Suet. Cal. 50: Vv. SLENDERNESS, 
3. exilitas: the t. of the sting of 
bees, e. aculei apum, Plin. 11, 2, 1. 
Fig.: of the soil, Col. 4. macies, 
@i; Vv. LEANNESS: also of the soil, Col. : 
Vv. POORNESS. 5, subtilitas (fine 
ness): the t. of lines, s. linearum, Plin, 
35, 10, 36, § 22. Ill. OF liquids: té- 
nuitas: the t. of wine, t. vini, Plin. 14, 
6,8, § 64: the t. of the blood, t. sanguinis, 
id. ib. If, 39, 92. IV. Of the voice: 
exilitas: the t. of the female voice, e. 
femininae vocis, Quint. 1, 11, 1. 
thinning (subs.): of vines, exte- 
nuatio, Plin. 17, 26, 39: pampinatio, id. 
17, I, 1: more gen., of trees, etc., inter- 
lucatio, id. 17, 27, 45: attenuatio (used 
fig. in Cic.) is used in M. L. for the t. of 
a fluid : v. DILUTION. 
thinnish: 1. subténuis: ¢. bristles, 
s. setae, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 5. 2. ma- 
cellus (rather lean): Lucil. 
thin-skinned: in fig. sense, v. SEN- 
SITIVE: the t. race of poets, genus irri- 
tabile vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102. 
third ‘adj.): tertius: there is no t. 
course, nihil est t., Cic. Fam, 9, 22, 1: on 
the t. day of the Saturnalia, t. Saturna- 
libus, id. Att. 5, 20, 5: of descent: jaz, 
t. from Jove, ab Jove t. Ajax, Ov. M. 
13, 28: the t. (i. e. lowest, infernal) 
realm, t.regna, id. Fast. 4, 584: the t. 
story, t. tabulata, Juv. 3, 199; t. stories, 
tristéga, Vulg. Gen. vi. 16: to play the t. 
part, tertiarum partium esse, Cic. Div. in 
Caecil. 15, 48: Jor the t. time, tertium: 
in the t. place, tertio: but the distinction 
between these forms was not kept up 
(v. Gell. Io, 1): so tertio= a t. time, 
Cic. Deiot. 5, 14: belonging to the t 
legion, tertianus, Tac. A. 13, 38: Vv. 
TERTIAN: to plough fields the t. time, 
tertiare agros, Col. 2, 4,8: functionaries 
of the t. class, tertiocerii, Cod. Just. 
third (subs.): |. Mathematical : 
1, tertia pars, Catul. 62, 63: also 
tertiae (pl.), without pars, Plin. 33, 9, 
46. Q, triens, ntis, m. (strictly a divi- 
sion of the as): used in such phr. as, 
heir toa t., heres ex triente, Suet. Aug. 
Ior (where also is ex parte tertia) 
joint-heirs to a t., coheredes ex t., 
Cic. Att. 7, 8. 3. leaves one-t. of a 
Soot long, trientalia folia, Plin. 27, 5, 173 
tin alloyed with two-t.s of lead, tertia- 
rium stannum, id. 34, 17, 48. I. n 
music. tritemoria, Mart. Cap. 9, 315- 


THIRD ESTATE 





more exactly : 1. a major t., *di- 
tonua (dirovos); tertia pertecta, major 
(Kircher, Musurg. Univ. vol. i. p. 97). 

2. a minor t., trihémitonium 
(rpinpctoveov), Hygin. de Limit. p. 177, 
ed. Goes. : * t. imperfecta, minor. 

third estate: *plebeius ordo (Mil- 
ton). plebs: v. COMMONALTY. 

thirdly ; tertio: Caes. B. C. 3, 43° 
cf. FOORTHLY. 

thirst (svbs.): sitis, is, f. (acc. -im, 
abl. -i). Lit.: great t., magna s., Cels. 
3, 6: prolonged t., diuturna s., Cic. Sen. 
8, 26: parching t., arida s., Lucr. 3, 915 

al. arida torres): fiery t., ignea s., Virg. 

- 3, 483: furious t., irata s., Prop. 4, 
9, 62: to cause t.,s. facere, Plin. 20, 5, 
20; gignere, id. 20, 6, 23, extr.; afferre, 
23, 7, 63, § 121: to bring on t., s. ad- 
ducere, Hor. Od. 4, 12, 133 colligere, 
Virg. G. 3, 327: to keep off t., s. arcere, 
Plin. 20, 20, 81: ¢. seizes any one, s. urget 
(aliquem), Cels. 3, 6: camels support t. 
for four days, s. tolerant quatriduo ca- 
meli, Plin.8, 18, 26: t. parches the throat, 
s. urit fauces, Hor. S. 1, 2, 1143; torret 
ora, Prop. 4, 9, 21° the throat is dry with 
t..ardent siti fauces, Liv. 44, 38: ¢. burns 
up the wretched men, s, exurit mi- 
seros, Lucr. 3, 915: beside themselves 
with t., ob sitim impotentes sui, Curt. 4, 
9, 14: to remove t., s. tollere, Cels. 1, 33 
depellere, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 373 pellere, 
Hor. Od. 2, 2, 14: to quench t., 8. ex- 
stinguere, Ov. M. 7, 569; restinguere, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 9; compescere, Ov. M. 4, 
102; sedare, Lucr. 2, 6643; abluere, id. 
4, 8743 explere, satiare, Cic. Parad. 1, 13 
reprimere, Curt. 7, 5,7: to slake one’s t. 
at a fountain, s. de fonte levare, Ov. M. 
15, 322: to appease one’s t., s. placare, 
Mart. 1, 49,17; to die of t., siti mori, Liv. 
4, 305 enecari, poet. in Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, I. 
Fig.: at. for liberty, s. libertatis, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 43: a t. for hearing, s. audiendi, 
Quint. 6, 3, 19: a tormenting t. for 
wealth, argenti s. importuna, Hor. Ep. 
I, 18, 23: so great is the t. for our blood, 
tanta sanguinis nostri hauriendi est s., 
Liv. 26, 13. The same gen. sense may 
be expr. by cupiditas, libido (stronger 
than preced.), or by tames (poet.), v. DE- 
SIRE, PASSION, LONGING. Phr.: hunger 
and t., laticum frugumque cupido, Lucr. 
4, 1085: to produce t., desiderium hu- 
moris accendere, Curt. 7, 5, 7. 

thirst (v.): 1, sitio, ivi or ii, 4 
(both lit. and fig.): lest men should t., 
ne bomines sitirent, Suet. Aug. 42: the 
fields t., sitiunt agri, Cic. Or. 24, 81 (a 
rustic expr. acc. to him: also freq. in 
poet., as Ov. F. 4,940). 2, areo, 2 (to 
be parched with t.): Tantalus t.s in the 
m dst of water, Tantalus in media aret 
aq la, Ov. A. A. 2, 606: the jield t.s, aret 
ag r, Virg. K. 7, 57: v. TO BE DRY, 
PARCHED, 

— after, for: sitio, ivi or ii, 4 
(both lit. and fig.): the more water is 
drunk, the more is t.’d after, quo plus 
sunt potae plus sitiuntur aquae, Ov. F. i, 
216: tot. for liberty, s. libertatem, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 43: to ¢. more eagerly and hotly 
for something, gravius ardentiusque s. 
aliquid, id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16: v. DESIRE, 
COVET, LONG FOR. 

thirstily: sitienter: to long t. after 
something, 8. expetere aliquid, Cic. ‘l'usc. 

1], 37: or expr. by sitiens, Lat. Gr. 


343: sometimes by ardenter: v. 
EAGERLY. 
thirsty: |. Suffering from thirst: 


1, expr. to be t., by sitio, 4: v. To 
tuirst. The imperf. part. sitiens is 
used adj.: the t. traveller, s. viator, 
Ov. Am. 3. 6, 97. —_ 2, siticiilosus (of 
soils habitually parched: in very late 
authors, of persons): ¢. Apulia, s. Ap- 
pulia, Hor. Epod. 3,16. Join: s. et per- 
aridum(solum], Col. 3, 11,9. 3, siccus 
(of persons only): Hor.S. 2,2, 14. 4, 
bibulus (quickly absorbing): t. topers, 
b. potores, Hor, Ep. 1, tu, 91: ¢. sand, b. 
arena, Lucr, 2, 376: Ov.. Virg.: v. pry, 
PARCHED. 5, applied to drunkards, 
multibibus, Pl. Cist. 1, 3, 1: bibax, bi- 
bosus, Auct. apud Gell. 3, 12: vinosus 
(fond of wine), Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 6: v. 


THISTLE 
TIPPLING. Il. Producing thirst: siti- 
cilosus: Plin. 23, 6, 55 or by a 


phr., quod sitim affert, gignit, facit: v 
THIRST. 

thirteen: 1. decem et tres, Cic. 

sc. Am 4, 20: tres et decem, ib. id. 
35, 99 Liv. (the only form given in 
Prisc, Fig. Num. 4). 2. trédécim- 
Liv.- Tac. (in Front. Aquaed. 33, tres- 
decim), 3. ¢t. times, terdecies, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 80, 184: ¢. apiece, terni deni, 
Prise. Fig. Num. 6. 

thirteenth : tertius decimus (not 
decimus tertius), Prisc. Fig. Num. 5 
Tac. The men of the t. legion, tertia- 
decimani, id. H. 3, 27. 

thirtieth : trigésimus (tricesimus) : 
Cic : Hor. The men of the t. legion, 
tricesimani, Amm. 18, 9, 3. 

thirty: tnginta: ¢. feet, t. pedes, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 8: Liv.: ¢t. at @ time, 
tricéni, Auct. B. Afr. 75 (used in Plin. and 
Auct. Her. for ¢.): t. days having been 
completed, ter dena luce peracta, Stat. S. 
5, 5, 24: Virg.: a space of t. years, 


tricennium, Cod. Justin. 7, 31, 1: @ fes- | 


|}einal held once in t. years, tricentalia, 


Oros. 7, 28, ad jin. : t. asses, tricessis, is, | 
Varr. L. L. 5, 36, 47: t. times, | 


m.: 
tricies or -iens, Cic. Rep. 3, 10, ad fin. : 
of or containing t., tricenarius: a son t. 
years old, t. filius, Sen. Excerpt. Controv. 
3, 3, ad fin.: Front. 

this: 1. hic, haec, hoc (sometimes 


strengthened by ce: hicce, haecce, hocce: | 


gen. sing. hujusce or hujusque : nom. pl. 
Jem. haec: gen. horune, harunc, with 
interrog. part. hiccine, haeccine, ete., 


Jirvst pers.) : I will venture to call you 
Jrom t. new academy to that old one, 
audebo te ab hac academia nova ad ve- 
terem illam vocare, Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7: 
shall t. man die anywhere but in his 
| own country ? hiecine vir usquam nisi 
in patria morietur? id. Mil. 38, 104: 
before t. time, ante hoc tempus, id. Acad. 
I, 1, 3: t. ws that answer which was 
given by Solon, hoc illud est quod a 
Solone responsum est, id. Sen. 20, 72: 
was it for t. that ....? hoc erat 
quod....? Virg. Aen. 2, 664: f. right 
hand (of mine), haec dextra, id. ib. 2, 
292: so hic homo = ego, Hor. S. 1, 9, 47. 

Q. iste, a, ud, or strengthened istic, 
aec, oc, or uc (that near here, pron. of 
the second pers., hence sometimes t., 
esp. In the stronger form): Pl.: ‘ler. : 
Cic.: v. THAT. 3. this .... that: hic 





is used to denote the nearer object; but | 


as this may be the nearer to the speaker’s 
mind, it is not always used of the nearer 
noun in the sentence, though this is usu. 
the case: v. L. Gr. § 366, and Gbs. The 
combinations are the foll.-—(i.) hic... 
ille; ile... hic: ¢% these remedies fail 
we must have recourse to those, si deerunt 
haec remedia ad illa declinandum est, 
Quint. 7, 2, 30. according to the oppor- 
tunity uf this side or that, ex occasione 
hujus aut illius partis, Liv. 24, 3. ad fin. : 
in Cic, Sen. 19, 68, ille (= the latter) ... 
hic (= the former): cf. Virg. Aen. 8, 
357. (ii.) hic... iste; iste... bie: Cic. 
Rep. 1, 19. (iii) hic ... hie (esp. in 
poet.): t. man skilled in the use of the 
dart, that one in the use of the bow, hic 
Jjaculo bonus, hic sagitta, Virg. Aen. 9, 
572. (iv.) hic ... alter; alter ... hic 
Cic. Rose, Am. 6, 17> Ov. M. 1, 293: v. 
onk, No. V.; also LATTER, FORMER: in 
lac. A. 14, 8, we have hi... hi... 
alii ... quidam. 4, t. way... that 
way; on t. side... on that side: huc 
atque illuc, Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 1843; hinc et 
hinc, Hor. Epod. 2,31: hac... hac, Virg. 
Aen. I, 467 vV. HITHER ... THITHER. 
Phr.: to t. was added that, huc acce- 
debat quod, Caes. B. (7. 5, 6: from t., 
hinc: v. HENCE: in Cic. Rose. Am. 27, 75, 
inde has the same force: for t. reason, 
isto, Pl. Rud. 4, 7, 8: neither tn t. affair 
nor elsewhere, veque istic neque alibi, 
Ter. Andr, 2, 5,9: V. HERE. 

thistle: carduus: the barren t., 
segnis c., Virg. G. 3, 152: @ spot over- 
grown with t.s, carduétum, Pall. 4, 9, 4: 
in Plin. and Col. carduus denotes an 


this, where Iam: the dem. pron, of the | 


THORNBRAKE 





| esculent t., v. carnpuus in Lat. Eng. Dict. 
another edible kind was scolymos, i, m. 
(in some edd. as a ik. word), Plin. 20, 
33, 99: the sow-t., sunchus, id. 22, 22, 
4: *s. oleraceus, Linn. : onopordon in 
lin. 27, 12, 87, is prob. St. Mary's ¢. 
(al. onopradon); other varieties are 
acano-, id. 22,4, f0; acantbion. 24, 12, 66. 
thistle-finch : dcanthis, idis, 7: Plin. 
10, 63, 83, § 175: Acdlunthis, Idis, i 
Virg. G. 3, 338: carduélis, Plin. “10, 
42, 57: *Fringilla carduelis, Linn. : 
cf. GOLDFINCH. 
thither: 1, illuc (to that place 
afar off): I must return t., illuc re- 
deundum est mibi, Pl. Am. 1, 3, 29; Cic.: 
other forms are illo: Cavs. B. G. 4, 20: 
Cic.: illoc, Pl: Ter. Fig.: I return t. 
whence I have digressed, illuc unde abii 
redeo, Hor. S. 1, 1, 108. 2. istuc (to 
that place where you ave: in Pl. syn. 
with preced.): Cic, Fam. 7, 14,1. other 
| forms are isto, id. ib. 9, 16, g: istoc, PL: 
Ter. 3, eo: when he had come t., 60 
quum venisset, Caes. B. G. 4, 6. 4. 
expr. by ad eum locum, ad eam rem, etc. 
5, hither and t.: huc et illuc, Hor. 
Od. 4, 11,9: hucilluc, Sall.: Ter.: Quint.: 
huc atque illuc, Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 184: 
v. THIS: hac atque illac (al. illa), Tac. 
Agr. 28 : hac illac, Ter.: v. HITHER: also 
expr. by vbs. comp. with con: to run 
| hurriedly hither and t., trepide con- 
cursare, Phaedr. 2, 5, 2. 
le SU ae istorsum, Ter. Pb. 
thole: scalmus: Cic. Off. 3, 14, 59. 
thong: 1, lorum (lorus in late 
writers): Pl. Epid. 5, 2, 18: Liv. The 
form loramentum occurs in Just. 11, 7, 
extr.: the ends of the t.s, capita lora- 
mentorum. 2. cOrium (leather): 
bound by a t., obligatus corio, Auct. Her. 
| Yeh 23 3, amentum (a t. attached 
| to @ spear by which it ts hurled): to 
| twirl the t., a. torquere, Virg. Aen. 9, 
665: hence the v. amento, 1, to hurl by 
| the t., Lue. 4, verber, éris, m. (the t. 
| of a sling): Virg. G. 1, 309. 5, fla- 
| gellum (the t. of a javelin): Virg. Aen, 
lah uke 6, hibéna: v. REIN. 7. li- 
gula, corrigia: v. SHOE-STRING, LATCHET, 
8. cOpiila (a band, rope): bound 
with a t., vinctus copula, Nep. Dat. 3, 2. 
9, épirhédium (a ¢. to fasten a horse 
to a carriage): Juv. 8, 66. Phr.. a 
spear fitted with a t., hasta amentata, 
Cic. Brut. 78, 271 (in a fig. pass.): yokes 
| bound with t.s, lorata juga, Virg. Mor. 
122: ropes made of t.s, lorei funes, 
Cat. R. R. 3, 5: J will lash your sides 
| with ts, ego faciam vestra latera lorea, 
| Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 2 
| thorn: 1, spina: may the earth 
| cover the tomb with ts, terra obducat 
| spinis sepulcrum, Prop. 4, 5, 1: to plant 
| t.s to make a hedge, s. sepis causa serere, 
| Plin. 17, 10, 11: Tac.- Virg.: the haw- 
thorn, s. Gallica, after Plin. 16, 18, 30: 
| dimin., spintila, Arn. Fig.: to pluck out 
| t.s from the mind, s. animo evellere, Hor, 
| Ep. 1, 14,4: Vv. CARES: cf. also Sen. Ep, 
5, ‘‘s. et aspera”: in Cic. it denotes 
her difficulties or subtleties. 2. 
| sentis, is, m. (once f. in Ov.: at, brier, 
bramble) : Caes.B.G.2,17. 3, aiciileus 
(a point: hence of a single t.): v. 
PRICKLE: all the t.s and stings of do- 
mestic anxiety, domesticarum sollicitu- 
dinum omnes et scrupuli, Cic. Att, 1, 18, 
4, himus (a hook); Ov. de Nuce, 
115. §, special varieties of t.: spinus, 
prunus silvestris: V. BLACKTHORN ; pali- 
urus, v. CHRIST’S-THORN 5 rhamnus, Vv. 
BUCKTHORN, etc. Phr.: Jama t. in 
your side, stimulus ego sum tibi, PL Cas, 
2, 6, 8: he begs you to pluck out the t 
From him which pricks and torments 
him, scrupulum qui se stimulat ac 
pungit ut evellatis postulat, Clic. Rose, 
Am, 2,6: a rose withvut ts, hereditas 
| sine sacris, Pl. Capt. 4, 1, 8. 
-back: *raia clavata: Linn, 
—— -brake, -bush, -hedge: _ lL. 
vepres, is, m. (usu. in pl.; once f, in 
Lucr.): a tomb overgrown with t.-brakes 
and bushes, vestitum vepribus et dum- 
etis sepulerum, Cic Tusc. 5, 23, 64 
55 


| 4 
| Tat 








THORNY 


THOUGHTFUL 





Dimin.: veprécila, id. Sest. 33, 72: 
(hence prov. vipera est in v., Pompon.). 
The adj. vepraticus, in Col. 7, 1, 1, is 
dub.; vel perticis, al. 2. vepretum 
(a thicket of thorns): of a t. hedge, Col. 
4, 32, 1: of a t. bush, Pall. 1, 43, 3. 

3, spinétum: Virg. E. 2,9: (either 
a t.-hedge or -brake). 4, senticétum : 
Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 81. 

thorny: 1, spinosus: ¢. places, 
loca s., Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 8: Plin.: Ov.: 
Fig.: ¢. cares,s. curae, Cat.64, 72: when 
used fig. in Cic. it means harsh, obscure, 
or, as in Sen. Ep. 108, 39, difficult to solve : 
somewhat ¢., spinosulus, Hier. 2). 
spineus (made of thorns): t. bands, s. 
vincula, Ov. M. 2, 789. 8. spiniger, 
éra, érum or spinifer, éra, érum (thorn- 
bearing): the former in Prud., the latter 
also in Pall: the reading in Cic. Arat. 
178. fluctuates between the two. 4. 
sentus (rough, rugged): rough, t. places, 
loca s., Ov. M. 4, 436: Virg. — §, senti- | 
cdsus, App., or sentdsus, Paul. Nol. 
Phr.: to grow t., spinescére, Mart. Cap. 

thorough: germanus, v. PERFECT, 
No. V.: this is the best gen. equiv.: 
other adjs. may sometimes expr. the 
idea, as, subtilis : v. EXACT, PRECISE 5 S0- 
lidus, v.SOUND, GENUINE: the latter is used 
for ¢. by many modern writers, but often 
incorrectly: the superl. of an adj., or a 
compd. with per expr. the notion in many 
passages: @ t. scholar, vir doctissimus 
or perdoctus: in com. or collog. language 
tri- has a like force: a t.-paced knave, 
trifurcifer: see also THOROUGHLY. Phr.: 
t. friendship, vera et perfecta amicitia, 
Cic, Am. 6, 22: nothirig worthy of t. 
knowledge, nihil magna cognitione dig- 
num, id. Fin. 5, 19, 50. 

——-bred: générosus: a t. horse, 
g. equus, Quint. 5, 11, 4: Virg. 

—— -fare: |. A road through : 
pervium: @ ¢. for armies, p. exercitibus, 
Tac. H. 3, 8: more usu. expr. by means 
of the adj. pervius, of which the preced. 
is the newt. used subst.: ¢.s, perviae 
transitiones, Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67: Vv. 
PASSAGE, No. V.: a house through which 
there is at., transitoria domus, Suet. Ner. 
31 (as a name orig. given to the Golden 
Palace). Arcades, leading out from the 
forum as passages, are called Jani, in Cic. 
l.c.: ef. Hor. S. 2, 3,18: “no #.”, fundula 
(defined in Varr. L. L. 5, 32, 40, § 145, as 
“a fundo, quod exitum non habeat ac 
pervium non est iter”). |], 4 right 
of way: there were three legal ¢. ¢., 
iter, actus, via, Ulp. Dig. 8, 3, 1: the 
first was the mere right of passing 
through ; the second implied the right 
of driving cattle, vehicles, etc.; the | 
third implied the existence of a road 
through a man’s property : cf. Cic. Caecin. 
26, "4: v. Dict. Ant. 1030, “servitutes 
praediorum rusticorum.’”’ It may also 
be expr. by jus eundi et agendi, Ulp. Dig. 
43, 8, 2,§ 21: (or without et, Just. Inst. 
4, 6, 2). 

thoroughly : 1, pénitus (once 
with sup. in Vell.): to shave the head t., 
caput p. abradere, Cic. Rose. Com. 7, 20: 
to make oneself t. acquainted with the 
case, p. in causam insinuare, id, de Or. 
2, 35, 149: to give himself up t. to the 
society of that fellow, bene p. in istius 
familiaritatem se dare, id. Verr. 2, 70, 
169 (R. and A.): to understand anything 
t., p. intelligere aliquid, id. Att. 8, 12. 

Q. plané (entirely, without any re- 
servation): to be t. devoid of common | 
sense, communi sensu p. carere, Hor. S. 
1, 3,66: Vv. ENTIRELY, QUITE. 3. om- 
nino (in all points, completely): to be t. 
ignorant, o. omnis eruditionis expertem 
esse, Cic. de Or. 2, I, 1: V. ALTOGETHER. 

4, pléne (fully): t. wise men, p. 
sapientes homines, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46: v. 
COMPLETELY. 5, prorsus: v. WHOLLY, 
ABSOLUTELY. 6, funditus: v. UTTERLY. 
Phr.: a t. praiseworthy man, vir per 
omnia laudabilis, Vell. 2, 33, 1: Quint. : 
Octavius is t. devoted to me, Octavius 
mihi totus deditus est, Cic. Att. 14, I1, 
extr.: nothing is t. happy, nihil est ab 
omni parte beatum, Hor. Od. 2, 16,27: to 
stick at Bae usium ts t. irksome, jacere | 

85 








Brundusii in omnes partes est molestum, 
Cie. Att. 11, 6: to scrutinize t. every 
man’s countenance, perspicere omnes 
vultus, id. de Or. 2, 35, 148. 

thou: tu: the pron. is not expr. 
except for emph.: L. Gr. §§ 359, 615: 
the emph. forms are tute (tute ipse, 
Cic.), tete, tutemet, tibimet, the suffix 
-met being more freq. employed with the 
pl.: sometimes, though rarely, the pron. 
vos is used with a sing. subs. : Cic. Deiot. 
Io, 29: Virg. Aen. 9, 525: also, by a 
singular idiom, the voc. adj. agrees with 
the nom. tu in Pers. 3, 28. Occasionally 
tu is replaced by other pron. in the 
poets: exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossi- 
bus ultor, Virg. Aen. 4, 625 (= thou, my 
particular, yet unknown avenger): at 
nunc aeterna silentia lethes ille canorus 
habes, Stat. S. 2, 4, 9 (= #4. the famous 
bird of song): cf. Tib. 4, 3, 1 and 2: but 
the supposed use of is for tu in Cic. Phil. 
2, 30, 76, rests on a false reading. Tu, 
not vos, is the ordinary pron. of address 
in Latin: hence there is no phr. corre- 
sponding to “thou and thee” any one: 
Erasm. coined the v. tuisso, 1: the Ro- 
mans in similar circumstances used 
pater, frater, filius, as terms of fami- 
liarity : see Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 54, and Orell. 


ad loc.: after thy fashion, tuatim, 
Pl Am: 2; 05) 45 

though: etsi, etiamsi: v. At- 
THOUGH. 


thought: |. Act of thinking: 
1, cogitatio: silent t, c. tacita, 
Quint. 5, 7, 2: very acute and close t., 
acerrima atque attentissima c., Cic. de 
Or. 3, 5, 17: frank ts, c. simplices, 
Tac. G. 22: great t.s, c. magnae, id. ib. : 
t. is occupied in the discovery of truth, 
c. in vero exquirendo versatur, Cic. Off. 
1, 36, 132: to grasp in t., cogitatione 
aliquid percipere, id. N. D. 1, 37, 105: 
comprehendere, id. Tusc. 1, 22, 50: 
complecti, Quint. 12, 2, 19: exercise of 
the mind and t., that is, reason, animi 
motus et c., id est, ratio, Cic. N. D. 3, 28, 
41 (q. V.). 9, cogitatus, tis: Sen. Ep. 
11, 9: Tert. 3. mens, ntis, fi: ¢. 
than which nothing is quicker, m. qua 
nihil est celerius, Cic. Or. 59, 200: to 
grasp anything in t., mente complecti 
aliquid, id. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: their t.s are 
reconsidered next day, m. postera die 
retractantur, Tac. G. 22: V. MEDITATION, 
REFLECTION. Phr.: power of t., cogi- 
tandi vis, Quint. 10, 6, 2: @ peculiar 
turn of t., color proprius, Phaedr. 4, pro- 
log., 8: it entered into their t.s that ..., 
penetravit eos posse haec ..., Luer. 5, 
1261: v.also THINK. |], Opinion, no- 
tion, design: 1, cogitatio: many 
weighty t.s are passing in my mind, 
versantur in animo multae et graves c., 
Cic. Agr. 2, 2, §: second t.s, as they say, 
are best, posteriores, ut aiunt, sapien- 
tiores sunt, id. Phil. 12, 2, 5: all his t.s 
tended to the deliverance of his native 
land, ad patriam liberandam omni fere- 
batur cogitatione, Nep. Alc. 9, 4: the 
minds of men and their t.s, mentes 
hominum et c., Cic. Verr. 5, 14, 35. 
9, cogitatum (usu. in pl.): to utter 
one’s t.s, ¢. eloqui, Cic. Brut. 72, 253: 
cogitamentum occurs in the Vulg.: 
cogitamen in ‘ert. 3, sensus, Us: 
v. MtunD (III.), OPINION. 4, notio: v. 
NOTION, IDEA. 5, mémoria (very 
rarely used of coming events): ¢. of 
waging war, belli inferendi m., Liv. 4, 
21: usu. consilium: v. DESIGN, INTEN- 
TIon. Phr.: freedom of t., * sentiendi 
libertas: cf. Tac. H. 1, 1, eaxtr. (ll. 
Faculty of thinking : 1, cogitatio: 
man is endowed with reason and t., 
homo (est) particeps rationis et cogita- 
tionis, Cie. Leg. 1, 7, 22: also ratio may 
expr. it: cf. id. N. D. 3, 28, 715 Fin. 
5, 21, 583; and REASON. 9. sensus, tis 
(understanding : rare): Catul. 51, 6. 
3. mens, ntis, f.: Vv. MIND. 

—, be: sometimes expr. by placet, 
2: it is t. by Carneades that ...., 
placet Carneadi ...., Cic. Acad. 2, 31, 
99: v. oprnton (II.), and THINK. 

thoughtful: |. Reflecting: cogi- 
tabundus: v. MEDITATIVE. I]. Care- 








THRASH 





ful: providus: the leader’s t. care, p. 
cura ducis, Ov. F. 2, 60: t. and skilful 
nature, p. sollersque natura, Cic. N. D. 
2, 51, 128: V. CAREFUL. 

thoughtfuliy : |. Vv. MEDITA- 
TIVELY. [J]. providenter: v. CARE- 
FULLY. 

thoughtfulness : 
V. MEDITATION. Il. cura: 
FORETHOUGHT. 

thoughtless: 1. incogitans: Ter. 
Pheer. 9. incogitabilis: Pl. Mil. 
2216; (03: 3. incdgitatus: Pl. Bac. 4, 
2, 1. 4, témérarius: v. RASH, HEED- 
LESS. 5, inconsultus: v. INCONSI- 
DERATE, INDISCREET. 

thoughtlessly: témére: v. HEED 
LESSLY, RASHLY: inconsulto, v. INCONSI- 
DERATELY, 

thoughtlessness : 1, incogitan- 
tia: Pl. Mere. 1, 1,27. Q, témeéritas: 
V. HEEDLESSNESS, RASHNESS. 

thousand : |. J” arithmetic : 
mille (usu. indecl. adj. in sing.; rarely 
subs. : in the pl. used as a decl. subs.) : 
a t. horsemen, mille equites, Plane. in 
Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3: at. men, mille ho- 
minum, Cic. Mil. 20, 53 (where anciently 
there were two readings, versabatur and 
versabantur : the former is supported by 
Gell. t, 16, and Macr. S. 1, §, 5, in which 
pass. the constr. of m. is discussed): 
143,704 persons, centum quadraginta 
tria millia septinginta quatuor capita 
(civium), Liv. 35, 9: v. Lat. Gr. § 69, 
Obs. 1: a t. paces, mille passuum, Cic. 
Att. 4, 16, et pass.: Vv. MILE: on the 
ellipse of m. in counting sesterces, see 
Lat. Gr. §§ 931, 932, and Dict. Ant. 
1043: a t. times, millies (milliens), 
Plin.: Vitr.: containing a t., milliarius ; 
hence, a wing of a t. men, m. ala, Plin. 
Ep. 7, 31 (al. militari): a@ portico 
a t. paces long, m. porticus, Suet. 
Ner. 31: also millenarius, Aug.: mil- 
liarensis, Vopisc.: @ ¢. each, milleni, 
Pl.: the space of a t. years, milliarium 
annorum, Aug, Civ. D, 20,7: the num- 
ber one t., millenarius numerus, id. ib.: 
there seems no good authority for 
XtAcas except as a Greek word: Macr.S. 
I, 5, 9: Gell.: a commander of a t., 
chiliarchus, Tac. A. 15, 51: chiliarcha, 
Curt. 5, 2, 3 (def. as * slngulis millibus 
militum prefuturus”): of a t. forms, 
milliformis, Prudent. i]. Fig.: any 
large number : 1, mille: a ¢. hues, 
m. colores, Virg. Aen. 4, Jol: many 
t., millia multa, Catul. 5, 10 (q. v.): 
a t. times, millies, or -iens, Cic. Off. 1, 
31, 173. 2. sexcenti, drum (siz 
hundred: the favourite term for a 
large number: Lat. Gr. § 613): I have 
received t.s of your letters, epistolas 
tuas s. accepi, Cic. Att. 7, 2: hundreds 
of t.s of worlds, s. millia mundorum, id. 
N.D. 1, 34, 96: a ¢. times, sexcenties 
(-iens), Pl. Men. 5, 4, 8. 

— -fold: millimédus: Venant.: v. 
COUNTLESS. 

thousandth (adj.): millésimus: 

ic.: Ov.: t. in descent, Pers. 3, 28. 

thousandth (subs.): millesima, 
Petr. 67, 7: more fully, m. pars, Cic. 
Att. 2, 4, 

thrall: servus: v. SLAVE. 

thraldom: servitus: v. SLAVERY. 

thrasonical: gioridsus: v. BRAG- 
GART, VAIN-GLORIOUS, 

thrash: |. To beat out corn: 

1, téro, trivi, tritum, 3 (to rub out 

by treading or by a machine): to t. corn, 
t. frumentum, Varr. R. R. 1, 13, §: 
Hor. S. 1, 1, 45. Also expr. by the 
comps. extéro, détéro (which are conj. 
like it), when the corn is trodden out. 
the three ancient modes were treading 
out the grain under the feet of oxen 
(jumentorum ungulis e spica exteruntur 
grana, Varr. R. R. 1, 52, 2), ting it out by 
flails, or lastly by thrashing-machines : 
to t. out corn, deterere frumenta, Col. 1, 
6,23. [N.B.—The three processes are 
mentioned in Plin. 18, 30, 72: “ messis 
alibi tribulis in area, alibi equarum 
gressibus exteritur, alibi perticis flagel- 
latur.”] 2. tundo, titidi, tunsum or 
tiisum, 3 (to beat: applied to the second 


|. méditatio : 
v. CARK 


THRASHER 





of the preced. modes): to ¢. out the ears 
with flails, fustibus spicas t., Col. 2, 21, 

F 8. excitio, cussi, cussum, 3; or 
décittio, cussi, cussum, 3 (applied to the 
action of the flail): to t. out the grains 
Jrom the ears, e spicis grana e&., d., 
Varr. R R.1, 52,2: Col. 4, flagello, 
1 (towhip) : to t. out the crop with poles, 
messem perticis f.: Plin. 18, 30, 72 
UR. and A.). 5, tritiiro, 1: Sid.; or 
retritiiro,r: Aug. |, Zo beat: caedo, 
cecidi, caesum, 3; V. BEAT. 

thrasher: expr. by v.: * triturator, 
Popma de Instit. Fundi, 3. 

thrashing: 1, tritira, Col. 2, 20 
(q. v.): Virg. 9, tritiratio: Aug. 
Also an adj., trituratorius (pertaining 
to t.) occurs in Public. ad Aug. 

—— -flail : expr. variously by fustis, 
baculus (Col. 2, 21, 4): flagellum, Hier.: 
pertica, Plin.: v. FLAIL. 

— -floor: area: Virg. G. 1, 178: 
Cic.: Hor.: Col.: adj., arealis, Serv. ad 
Virg. G. 1, 166. 

— machine: 1, tribiilum (also 
-a, f.): Col.: it was a wooden platform 
studded with sharp stones or iron teeth: 
Virg. G. 1, 164: Plin.: v. Dict. Ant. : 
another kind, consisting of bars of wood, 
set with teeth, and running on small 
wheels, was called “ plostellum Puni- 
cum,” Varr. R. R. 1, 52, 1: it is joined 
with traha (a kind of drag), Col. 2, 21, 4. 

9, serra (prop. a saw: a t. with 
serrated wheels): Hier. in Amos I. 
3, a modern t. would prob. be 
better expr. by *machina, qua grana e 
spicis exteruntur, or similar phr. 
thread (subs.) ; |. 7. for sewing, 
ele. : 1, filum ; to guide one’s steps 
by a t., regere filo vestigia, Virg. Aen. 
6, 30: Hor.: hence prov.: the safety 
of the republic hung on a slender t., 
tenui filo suspensa reipublicae salus, 
Val. Max. 6. 4, t: Ov. Pout. 4, 3, 35: 
t. by t., filatim, Lucr. 2, 831. [.N.B.—In 
the fig. sense f. denotes the style or 


THREATENING 





THREEFOLD 





(constr. with ce or abs.): the river ts 
its way among the vales, inter valles se 
flumen insinuat, Liv. 32, 13 : Cic.: Caes.: 
Vv. WIND. 
thready: stamineus: the ¢. wheel, 
s. rota, Prop. 3, 4. 26: staminatus in 
Petr. is dub. : Aranedsus (consisting of t. 
Sibres): a t. stalk, a. caulis, Plin. 21, 15, 
513 so, capillatus, id. 19, 6, 31. 
threadbare: _ 1, obsdlétus: a ¢. 
garment, o. vestis, Liv. 27, 34: at.man, 
homo o., Cic. Pis, 36, 89: Vv. SHABBY. 
2, tritus: @ ¢t. shirt, t. subucula, 


Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 96: also fig.: WORN, 
TRITE. 
threat: 1. minae, arum, f. pl.: 


empty t.s, inanes m., Auct. Har. Resp. 1, 
2: most violent t.s, incitatissimae m., 
Val. Max. 3, 8, eztr., 3: to be moved by 
t.s, minis moveri, Cic. Fontei. 12, 26: 
his t.s move me little, m. ejus modice 
me tangunt, id. Att. 2, 19, 1: @ day 
not 
storm, dies non sine minis crescentis 
mali, Curt. 8, 4, I. 2. minatio (the 
act of threatening): Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 
288 (in pl.). 3, comminatio: the ts 
of Hannibal, c. Hannibalis, Liv. 26, 
8: Cie. 4, dénuntiatio: to move 
by at. of danger, denuntiatione periculi 
permovere, Caes. B.C. 3,9. Phr.: the 
confused outcries of t.s and terror, 
variae terrentium paventiumque voces, 
Liv. 5, 21: to forbid with t.s, intermino, 
1, Hor. Epod. 5, 39 (PI., Ter., use it as 
dep.): to drive with t.s, minare, App. 
threaten: |, Trans.: 

minor, 1 (constr. with dat. of person 
and ace. of the thing: also with acc. and 
infin.): to t. any one with the cross, 
crucem alicui m., Cic. Tusc. 1, 43, 102: 
they were t.ing that they would do this, 
hoc se facturos minabantur, Caes. B. C. 
2,13., Q, minitor, 1 (freq. of preced. 
and constr. like it: in Pl. as an act. 
verb): to t. his brother with death, mor- 
tem fratri m., Cic. Phil. 6, 4, to: to ¢. to 


texture of a discourse: hence such mo- | do anything, m. facere aliquid, Ter. Hec. 


dernisms as *f. abrumpere (Wolf in 
Kr.) should be avoided: v. Phr.] 
linum (a t. of flax: esp. of the ¢. that 
secured letters): a needle with two t.s, 
acus duo |. ducens, Cels. 7, 14: to cut 
the t., incidere linum, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10 
(of a letter). 3, licium (¢. of any- 
thing woven): to tie anything on a ¢. 
and hang it around the neck, aliquid 
illigatum licio e collo suspendere, Plin. 
23, 7, 63, ad fin.: Ov.: of the t. of the 
web, Auson. 4, stamen, inis, 2. (prop. 
the t. of the distaff, Ov. M. 4, 34): to 
follow the clue afforded by a t., legere s., 
Prop. 4, 4,42. 5, subtemen, inis, 7. : 
to spin t., s. nere, Ter. Heaut, 2, 3, 52: 
of the ts of Fate, Catul. 64, 328: Hor. 
6. cia (t. for a needle): soft t., a. 
mollis, Cels. 5, 26,23. ‘7. linea (a thin 
line of string or t.): @ row of pearls on 
a t., 1. dives, Mart. 8, 78, 7: of thets 
of @ spider’s web, in Plin. 11, 24, 28. 
8, néma, Atis, n.: Dig.: or nemen, 
inis, n., Inser.: Vv. YARN. 9, iranea 
(a cobwebby t.): Plin. 24, 9, 37- 10. 
panus (t. wound on a bobbin, mhvos): 
l.ucil.: so panuncula, Not. Tir. bE 
thomix, icis, f.: Plin.: v. CORD, LINE. 
12. capillus, cépillamentum (the ¢.- 
like fibres of plants): Plin.: v. FIBRE. 
Phr.- the ¢. of a discourse, complexus 
joquendi seriesque, Quint. 1, 5, 3: to 
keep to the t. of the narrative, tenorem 
in narrationibus servare, id. 10, 7, 6: 
¥. CONNECTION, TENOR: to break off the 
¢. of one’s speech, contextum dicendi in- 
termittere, id. 10, 7, 26. Il. The ¢t. 
of @ screw, riiga (wrinkle): the ts of 
a screw, rugae per cochleam  bul- 
jantes, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317: the grooves 
between the t.s are called involuti ca- 

nales, Vitr. 10, 6 (11), 2. 
thread (v.): |, To t. a needle: 
expr. by filum in acum conjicere, Cels. 
7, 16 (Kr. gives also per acum im- 
mittere, trajicere). ||. Zo put at. 
or string through: expr. by *perserere 
filum per aliquid: cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 
5: linoinserere aliquid, Tert. (R. and A.). 
Il]. To t. one’s way: insinuo, 1 


2, | 








3, 4, 13: 3, comminor, 1 (constr, like 
preced.) : to t. battle rather than to fight, 
c. magis quam inferre pugnam, Liv. Io, 
39. 4, intendo, di, tum or sum, 3 (to 
seek to bring upon: constr. with acc. 
after in, or dat.): to t. all with danger, 
j. periculum in omnes, Cic. Rosc. Am. 3, 
7; so, minas intendere alicui, Tac. A. 3, 
36. 5, intento, 1 (freq. of preced.) : 
to t. any one with war, arma i. alicui, 
Liv. 6, 27: Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 76. 6. 
dénuntio, t (to denounce, to announce 
something bad): to t. the people with 
slavery, d. populo servitutem, Cic. Phil. 
5, 8, 21. 7. propono, pdsui, pdsitum, 
3 (to set before): to t. with exile and 
death, exsilium, mortem p., Cic. Planc. 
41, 97: id. Att. 2, 19, 1 Phr.: to ¢. 
anybody, minis insequi aliquem, Cic. 
Clu. 8, 24; minas jactare (alicui), id. 
Quint. 14, 47- |J, Intrans.: 1, mi- 
nor, 1: the ash t.s (to fall), ornus min- 
atur, Virg. Aen. 2, 626- Hor. A. P. 350. 
(N.B.—The lit. sense of the verb is to 
project: hence a t.ing rock is minans 
scopulus, Virg. Aen. 1, 162.] 2. im- 
pendeo, 2 (¢o impend) : a great Parthian 
uar is t.ing, magnum bellum impendet 
a Parthis, Cic. Att. 6,2, ad med.: when 
wind is ting, vento impendente, Virg. 
G. 1, 365. 3, tmmineo (fo t. by proz- 
imity) : the greatest danger t.ing, sum- 
mo discrimine imminent, Quint. 8, 4, 
22: V. BE IMMINENT, IMPEND. 4, insto, 
stiti, 1 (stronger than preced.: cf. Cic. 
Cat. 2, 5, 11, ‘‘impendere jamdiu, aut 
instare jam plane, aut certe appropin- 
quare”): to t. more savagely, trucul- 
entius i., Val. Max. 3, 8,5. Phr.: the 
rest of the tower hung t.ing to fall, pars 
reliqua turris consequens procumbebat, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 11, ad fin. 

threatener: comminator: Tert.: 
no t. has any influence over free men, 
nulla minantis auctoritas apud liberos 
est, Brut. et Cass. in Cic. Fam. TT, 3, 3. 


threatening (subs.): minatio: v. 
THREAT, MENACE. 
threatening (adj. and part.): 1, 


minax, acis: a@ ¢t. rock, m. scopulus, 


without t.s of the approaching | 


| Virg. Aen. 8, 668 (cf. THREATEN, IL)* 
| the t. Adriatic, m. Adriaticum, Catal. 4 
6: t. and arrogant, m, atque arrogans, 
Cic. Font. 12, 26: t. letters, m. literae, 
id. Fam. 16, 11,2: a more ¢. pestilence, 
p. minacior, Liv. 4, §2. 2. wminita- 
bundus: Liv. 39, 4r. 3. comminia- 
| tivus, comminabundus, Tert.: mina- 
torius, Amm. (dub.). 4, imminens, 
ntis: ¢. showers, imbres i., Hor. Od. 3, 
27,10; or instans, ntis: a ¢. danger, i 
periculum, Nep. Paus. 3, 5: v. IMMIN- 
ENT. Phr.: to raise his t. crest, tollere 
| minas, Virg. G. 3, 421: the ¢. cold, minae 
| frigoris, Ov. F. 4, Joo. 
threateningly : 1, minaciter: 
9. minanter: Ov, 


Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 21. 
AS AS 55.582; 3, minitabiliter, Pac. : 
| minabiliter is late. Phr.: toutterany- 
thing ¢., jacere aliquid per minas, ‘Tac, 
A. 6, 31. 

three: tres, tria, L.Gr. § 68: im ¢. 
words, in tribus verbis, Quint. 9, 4, 78: 
Cic, (i.e. in a word or two): t, times, 
ter, V. THRICE: t. each, t. at a time, trini 
or terni (the latter esp. freq. in poet. 
by whom it {s often used for ¢, as in 
Virg. Aen. 5, 560): ¢. in measure, terna- 
Tius: a pit t. feet every way, t. scrobs, 
Col. 11, 2, 28: t. feet long, tripedalis, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 6: tripedaneus, Cato 
R. R. 45, 1: the number t., trias, ados, 
f., Mart. Cap.: ternio, Gell. 1, 20: ternio, 
Isid.: trinitas, Tert.: trigarium, Mart. 
Cap.: a set of t., triga, Arn.; in ¢. parts, 
tripartito, Caes. B. G. 6, 6: adj. triplex, 
icis, V. THREEFOLD: poet. for three, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 202: in t. places, tri- 
fariam, Liv. 3, 22: int. ways, tripliciter, 
Auct. Her. 4, 42, 54: weighing or hold- 
ing t. ounces, triuncis, Gall. ap. Trebell. 
Claud. 17, 6: ¢. ounces, quadrans (antea 
teruncius), Plin. 33, 3, 13: weighing t 
pounds, trilibris, Hor. S. 2, 2, 33: tre- 
pondo, indecl. subs., Scrib.: a period of 
t. hours, trihdrium, Auson.; a space of 
t. days, triduum: a t. days’ journey, 
tridui via, Caes. B. G. 1, 38: lasting t. 
days, triduanus, App. M. 10, p. 247: @ 
period of t. nights, trinoctium, Val. Max. 
3, 4, 5, extr.: lasting t. nights, tri- 
noctialis, Mart.: Jasting t. months, 
trimestris: a period of t. months, 
t. spatium, Plin. 37, 10, 59: @ pertod 
of t. years, triennium, Caes. B. G. 4, 
4: triétéris, {dos, f., Stat. S. 2, 6, 72: 
Vv. TRIENNIAL: ¢. years old, trimus: @ 
t.-year old mare, t. equa, Hor. Od. 3, 11,9. 
Dimin.: trimulus, Suet.: also triennis, 
Vulg. Gen. xv. 9 (q. v.): the age of t. 
years, trimatus, us, Plin.: Col. : a t.-horse 
chariot, triga, Ulp. Dig.: adj., trijigis, 
Auson. (drawn by t. horses): the driver 
was trigarius, Plin.: a beard of ¢. men, 
triumviri, Cic.: Liv.: V. TRIUMVIR: @ 
yvoom of t. apartments, trichdrum, Stat 8. 
I, 3, 58: interest at t. per cent. quad- 
rantes usurae, Scaev. Dig. 33, 1, 21, § 4: 
t. o'clock, (hora) nona, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 7% 
(ace. to Roman notation): * hora tertia : 
t. o'clock has struck, *hora tertia audita 
est (Kr.): ¢. fourths, dodrans, ntis, m. : 
heir to t. fourths, heres ex dodrante, 
Nep. Att. 5,2: tn the ratio of four to t., 
sesquitertius, Cic. Tim. 7, ad med. 
three - banked : 1, trirémis : 
Caes. B.C. 2,6: V.TRIREME. Q, triéris: 
Auct. B, Afr. 44. 

— bodied: tricorpor, dris: Virg. 





Aen. 6, 289. 
— -breasted; tripectdrus: Lucr. 
5, 28. 
-cornered : 1, triquetrus : 





Caes. B.G. 5,13. 2, trigdnus: ManiL: 


Vv. TRIANGULAR. 





-eyed: trigemmis (having ¢. 
buds): Col.; Plin. 
| —-forked: 1. trifidus: ¢. light- 


ning, t. flamma, Ov, ML 25 3ere 
tongue of the serpent, t. lingua ser- 
pentis, Sen. Med. 687: Auson. has tri- 
fissilis. 9. trifurcus: ¢. slips, t. sur- 
culi, Col. 5, 11,3: so any thing of a 
t. shape is trifurcium, App. Herb. 
tricuspis, Idis: V. THREE -POINTED. 

Se folds 1, triplex, Icis: o 
| t. line of battle, t. acies, Caes. B.G. 1, 24: 
a t. method of pageant t. philo- 

$7 


3. 


THREE-FOOTED 





sophandi ra io, Cic, Acad. 1, 5, 19: 80 
subs., a t. portion, t., Hor. S. 2, 3, 237- 
Hence, 1n a é. manner, tripliciter (adv.), 
Auct. Her. 2. triplus (numer. adj.): 
at, portion, t. pars, Cic. Tim. 7, ad med. 
Also triplaris, Macr. Somn. Sc. 2, 1, 18: 
triplasius, Mart. Cap.: Sedul. has tri- 
plicabilis. 8. trini, or more rarely 
terni (the sing. of each occurs): a t¢. 
chain, trinae catenae, Caes. B. G. 1, 53: 
oars in a t. row, terno ordine remi, 
Virg. Aen. §, 120. 4, tripartitus or 
tripertitus (divided into three) : at. divi- 
sion, divisio t., Cic. Off. 3, 2, 9: ina t. 
division, tripartito (adv.), Cie . Cues. 

5, trigéminus or tergéminus (mostly 
poet.)}: at. head, t. caput, Tib. 3, 4, 88: 
Virg.: Plin.. of an indef. number: t. 
honours, t. honores, Hor, Od. 1, 1, 8. 

6. triformis: v. TRIPLE, TRIFORM. 

7, trifarius: App.: in a ¢. division, 


trifariam (adv.), Liv. 26, 41,ad fin. 8, 
triceps, cipitis (very rare), Varr. 9, 
trijiigus: App.: tergénus, indecl.: 


Auson. 

three-footed: Vv. THRFE-LEGGED. 

— -formed: triformis: the t. Chi- 
maera, t. chimaera, Hor. Od. 1, 27, 23. 

— -headed: triceps, cipitis: Cic. 
Tusc, 1, 5, 10: Ov. 

—-horned: _ l., tricorniger, éra, 
érum: Auson. Q, tricornis: Plin. 

— -hundred: trécenti (tricenti, 
Col.): Leonidas and the t., Leonidas 
t.que, Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97: of an indef. 
number, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 79: t. each, 
trécéni, Liv.: of an indef. number, Hor. : 
also in Plin, for t.: trecenteni, Col.: 
t. times, tre- or tricenties, Mart. : Catul.: 
containing t. in measure, trecenarius, 
Varr. [N.B.—The poets often expr. it 
by multiples: ¢. shrines, tercentum de- 
Inbra, Virg. Aen. 8, 716.] 

— -hundredth: trécentésimus: 
Liv. 4, 7: Cic. 

— -knotted: trinodis: a ¢. club, 
clava t., Ov. F. 1, 575. 

—-leaved: ¢. grass, trifdlium, 
Plin.: v. TREFOIL: a t. writing-tablet, 
triplices, ium, m. pl., Cic. Att. 13, 8: 
Mart. 

— -legged: tripes, édis (having 
three feet): a t. table, mensa t., Hor. S. 
I, 3, 13: @ t mule, mulus t., Liv. 
40, 2: a ¢. seat, tripus, Odis, m.: Vv. 
TRIPOD: @ é. stool, tripétia, Sulp. Sev. 
Dial. 2, 1, 4 (tripeccia, Halm). d 

— -pointed, -pronged: 1. tri- 
dens. ntis (with three teeth): t. provs, 
t. rostra, Virg. Aen. 5, 143. Q. tri- 
cuspis, idis: Ov. M. 1, 330. 3, tri- 
furcus: Col. 

— -score: sexaginta: v. SIXTY. 

—  -throated: trifaux: Virg. Aen. 
6, 417. 

— -tongued: trilinguis, Hor. Od. 
3, II, 20. Often applied to those who 
speak three languages: Varr.: Apul. 

— twin-brothers: _tergéminus 
(adj.): Liv. 1, ae the spoils of the t.s, 
t. spolia, id. 1, 26. 

threshold: limen, inis, ”. (prop. 
either the lintel or ¢.): in full 1. in- 
ferum: hail! lintel and t., 1. superum 
inferumque salve! Pl. Mere. 5, 1, 1: 
hence the pl. is often used for the whole 
of the lintel, t., etc. : €. g. limina floribus 
operire, Lucr. 4, 1169: at the very t., 
primo in limine, Virg. Aen. 2, 469: fo 
put one’s foot outside the t., pedem limine 
efferre, Cic. Cael. 14, 34: the door ts close 
shut upon the t., amat janua 1., Hor. Od. 
I, 25, 4: Juv. 14. 44. Pl. Cas. 4, 4, 1: 
adj.: liminaris (of or belonging to the 
intel or t.), Vitr. 6, 3, 4 (6, 4). Fig.: 
the t. of life, 1 vitae, Sen. Her. Fur. 1133 
the t. of var, 1. belli, Tac. A. 3,74: it 
may also be expr. by vestibulum: to 
cross the t. of any urt, v. artis alicujus 
ingredi, Quint. 1. 5, 7. Join: v. adi- 
tusque, Cic. Or. 15, 50: Vv. ENTRANCE: 
in Sen. Ep. 49, 6, a limine salutare = to 
tread only on the t. of any subject, 
without going farther. 

thrice; ter: t. in a year, t. in anno, 
Pl. Bac. 5, 2, 9: twice or t., bis t.que, 
Cic.: v. TWicE. of an inde/. number, 
Hor. Od. 3, 3, 65: ¢. and four times, 

858 








THRIVE 


t.que quaterque, Virg. Aen. 12, 155: 
t. et quater, Hor. Od. 1, 31, 13: t. quater, 
Ov. F. 1, 576. of an indef. high degree: 
t. and four times happy, t.que quaterque 
beati, Virg. Aen. 1, 94 ¢. is expr. by 
tertiat» in Cato apud Serv. vines which 
bear t. @ year, triferae vites, Plin. 16, 
27, 50. 

thrift: |. Thriving state: pro- 
spéritas Vv. PROSPERITY, FORTUNE. ||, 
Thriftiness, frugality: 1, fragali- 
tas: what is deficient in the revenue 
will be supplied by ¢., quod cessat ex 
reditu frugalitate suppletur, Plin. Ep. 
2, 4: Cic.: v. FRUGALITY, ECONOMY. 

2. parsimOnia: ¢. is a great income, 

magnum vectigal est p., Cic. Parad. 6, 3: 
t. is too late when all is spent, sera p. in 
fundo est, Sen. Ep. 1, 5 I. 4 plant: 
perh. statice, Plin. 26, 8, 33: *armeria 
maritima, Lindley. 

thriftily: frugaliter: so parce, f., 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 107: Vv. ECONOMICALLY, 
SPARINGLY. 

thriftiness: v. THRIFT. 

thrifty: |. Thriving, prosperous: 
prosper, or more freq. prosperus: v. 
PROSPEROUS, SUCCESSFUL. ||. Econo- 
mical : 1, friigi (prop. a dat.: often 
strengthened by bonae: used as an 
indecl. adj.: comp. friigalior, sup. fri- 
galissimus): he liws rather sparingly: 
let him be called t., parcius hie vivit, 
frugi dicatur, Hor. S. 1, 3, 49: Vv. ECO- 
NOMICAL. 9. parcus (often in a bad 
sense, niggard) ; V. SPARING. 

thrill (v-): A, Trans.: nearest 
expr. perh. perstringo, nxi, ctum, 3: an 
intense horror t.s the beholders, ingens 
horror perstringit spectantes, Liv. 1, 25: 
so also it may be expr. by to wounD, 
PIERCE. B, Intrans.: Phr.: a 
chilling dread t.’d through them, gelidus 
per ima cucurrit ossa tremor, Virg. Aen. 
2, 121: her breast t.s with joy, gaudia 
pertentant pectus, id. ib, 1, 502: the 


Jire of love t.s through my members, 


sub artus flamma dimanat, Catul. 51, 
10° tot. with sorrow, medullitus dolore 
commoveri, App. M. Io, 250, extr.: my 
mind t.s with fresh fear, recenti mens 
trepidat metu, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 5. 

thrill (subs.): stringor (shock): the 
t. caused by cold water, s. gelidae aquae, 
Lucr. 3, 687: or horror (shudder): so, 
tremulus h., Prop. 1, 5, 15: Liv. 1, 25: 
what a t. went through me! qui me 
horror perfudit, Cic. Att. 8, 6, 3. 





THRONE 


tunaque crescere) : V. PROSPER, (be) FOR: 
TUNATE: 1tll gains seldom t., male parta 
male dilabuntur, prov. in Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 
65 (R. and A.). 

thriving (part. and adj.): L 
expr. by part. of some of the preced. 
verbs: ¢. g. nitens. 2. végétus: Cic.: 
Liv.: V. SPRIGHTLY, VIGOROUS. 3, ni- 
tidus (esp. 0! plants and animals, with 
ref. to outward appearance): t. Crops, 
un. fruges, Lucr. 2, 594: Cic. 4, laetus 
(lit. goyful): t. shrubberies, 1. viridia, 
Phaedr. 2,5,14: Virg.. Hor.: v. FERTILE, 
LUXURIANT. §, prosper, or more freq, 
prospeérus: Vv. PROSPEROUS, FORTUNATE. 

throat: 1, fauces, ium, f. pl. 
(sometimes in abl. sing. in the poets: 
the ¢., esp. its upper portion) thirst 
parches the t., sitis urit f., Hor. S. 1, 2, 
114: an ulcer in the t., ulcus in fauci- 
bus, Cels. 2, 7 (hence exulceratio fau- 
cium, etc., id.). Fig.: to grasp by the 
t., faucibus tenere, Pl. Cas. 5, 3, 4: f. 
premere, Cic. Verr. 3, 76, 176 (of quash- 
ing an argument): v. JAWS. 9. gut- 
tur, tris, 2. (usu. both sing. and pl. : the 
upper part of the gullet, esp. as the out- 
let of the voice); the windpipe rises in 
the t., arteria in gutture assurgit, Cels, 
4, 1, ad init.: the slender t. of the bird, 
tenue g. avis, Ov. Am. 1, 13,8: Hor.: 
to pierce the t. with a Knife, fod- 
ere guttura cultro, Ov. M. 7, 314. 3h. 
gula ( he gullet from the mouth to the 
stomach): how many things pass through 
one t., quantum rerum transeant per 
unam gulam, Sen. Ep. 95, 19: for its 
exact sense, cf. Plin. 11, 37, 68, ““sum- 
mum gulae fauces vocatur.” 4, ja- 
gilum or -us (prop. the hollow part of 
the neck round about the collar-bone) : 
to put the sword into the t., gladium 
demittere in jugulum, Pl. Mere. 3, 4, 28: 
to pierce the t., j. fodere, Tac. A. 3, 15: 
resolvere (gladio, cultro, etc.), Ov. M. 
{, 227: Cic. Cat. 3, 1,2. Fig.: to am 
at the t., j. petere, Quint. 8, 6, 51 (of 
argument).  §, gurgulio (of animals) : 
V. GULLET, WINDPIPE. 6. os, Oris, n. 
(prop. the mouth): the words stick in 
the t., in primo destitit ore sonus, Ov. H. 
4, 8: he roars ghastly from his t. of 
blood, fremit horridus ore cruento, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 296. [N.B.—The phr. collum 
torquere, obstringere, obtorquere (alicui) 
denote to seize by the t. and drag to 
prison. } 


—, tocut the: 1, jigiilo, 1: 


thrilling: vibrans: the t notes of | footpads rise by night to cut men’s t.s, 


the nightingale, v. sonus lusciniae, Plin. 
10, 29, 43: ¢. periods, v. sententiae, 
Quint. 10, 1, 60: a t. sound, horrisonus 
fremitus, Virg. Aen. 9, 55: 7. cold, 
tremulum frigus, Cic. Arat. 68: v. KEEN, 
SHRILL, PIERCING. 

thrive: 1. vigeo, 2 (to be strong): 
to live and t., vivere et v., Cic, N. D. 2, 
3%, 83 (said of plants): J hear that he t.s 
excellently in the Academy, eum in Aca- 
demia maximie v. audio, id. de Or. 3, 28, 
II0. so, vigesco, gui, 3 (to begin tot.): 
Lucr.: Cic.- Tac. vireo, 2: a 
t.ing field, vireus agellus, Hor. A. P. 
117° Cic.. Virg.: also viresco, rui, 3: 
Lucr.: Virg.: Plin. [N.B—These two 
verbs occur in a remarkable passage: 
his vigorous spirit was strong within 
his lively breast, and his faculties still 
throve and flourished, vegetum inge- 
nium in vivido pectore vigebat, vire- 
batque integris sensibus, Liv. 6, 22, 
ad jin.) 3, provénio, véni, ventum, 4: 
the corn had thriven but poorly, frumen- 
tum angustius provenerat, Caes. B. G. 5, 
24° Plin. 4, convalesco, lui, 3 (to 
grow strong): the infant t.s, infans con- 
valescit, Just. 3, 2: the trees t., arbores 
convalescunt, Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 6. 5, 
vivesco, vixi, 3: the tree t.3, arbor vivescit, 
Col. Arb. 16,2: Lucr. §, cresco, crévi, 
crétum, 32 Vv. GROW. 7. fl0reo, 2: v. 
FLOURISH, 8, niteo, 2 (to bloom, t.: 
esp. of outward appearance: usu. in 
part.): tang fields, campi nitentes, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 677: v. BLOOM: also as 
incept., mitesco, nitui, 3 Plin. 12, 25, 54. 
Phr.: to ¢. prosperitate uti, Nep. Ati. 
21, I (where he has alsu gratia for- 


ut jugulent homines surgunt de nocte 
latrones, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 32: Cic. 24 
expr. by a phr.: to cut the t. with a 
razor, secare fauces novacula, Tac. H. 
1, 72: Suet. : to cut one’s t., gulam prae- 
secare, Sen. Vit. Beat. ry, 1: of an in- 
former, to cut men’s t.s by @ whisper, 
jugulos aperire susurro, Juv. 4, 110: t- 
cutting, jugulatio, Auct. B. Hisp. 16. 

throatwort: * digitalis purpurea: 
V. FOXGLOVE. 

throb (v.) : 1. palpito, 1, mico, 1, 
salio, 4: V. PALPITATE. 2. singultio, 
4: Pers. 6, 72. Phr.: to cause to t., 
pulso, 1: hence t.ing fear, pavor pul- 
sans, Virg. G. 3, 106. 

throb ees pulsns, ts: the é. 

throbbing: of the veins, p. ven- 
arum, Plin. 29, 1, 5: V. PULSATION. 

throbbing (adj.): expr. by a part. : 
Y. THROB: pulsudsus, Coel. Aur. 

throe: dolor (esp. of the ¢.s of child- 
birth): v. PANG, PAIN. 

throne: ]. Lit.: 1, sdiium: 
a golden t., s. aureum, Virg. Aen. 10, 
116: to sit on the royal t., regali in solio 
sedere, Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 69. 2. expr. 
by sedes, sella regia: v. SEAT: fo see the 
royal t. vacant, sedem regiam vacuam 
videre, Liv. 1, 16. the t., sella (regis), 
Curt. 8, 4, 15. 3. thrénus (@pdvo0s): 
Plin. J, Fig.: 1, best expr. by 
a phr. with regnum (regal power). im- 
perium (imperial power): principatus, 
is (supreme power): to call to the t., ad 
regnum accire, Liv. 1, 35; ad regnand- 
um accire, Cic. Rep. 2, 13: to be driven 
from the t., regno pelli, Liv. 1, 40: to 
restore to the t., restituere in regnum 


THRONG 


THROW ABOUT 


THROW DOWN 





Nep. Iiphicr. 2, 1: the foll. phr. are 
used of the emperors; to succeed to the 
t., recipere imperium, Suet. Tib. 24: to 
ascend the t., imperium capere, id. Cland. 
10; adipisci, id. Ner. 6; potiri imperio, 
id. Cal. 12: the imperial government was 
even called res publica: hence, to sit on 
the t., tenere rem publicam, id. Tit. 5: 
to abdicate the t., rem publicam reddere, 
id. Aug. 28: other expr. are: to ascend 
the t., rerum potiri, Tac. A. I, 5: pur- 
puram sumere, Eutr. 9, 8: v. PURPLE: 
regem creari, etc. ; Vv. KING. 9. sdlium 
(both sing. and pl.: poet.): to stt on the 
t. and sway the sceptie, solio sceptroque 
pouiri, Ov. M. 14, 113. Hor.: Lucr. 
throng (subs.): 1, fréquentia: a 
t. of friends, f. amicorum, Q. Cic. Petit. 
Cons. 1,3. Join: f. et multitudo, Cic. 
Verr. Act.1,7,18. 2, célébritas : Zhate 
the t., odic., Cic. Att. 3,7,ad init. Join: 
multitudo et c., id. Fam. 7, 2, 4. 3. 
multitido, inis, {: v. MULTITUDE. 4, 
cohors, rtis, 7. (a band: mostly poet.) : 
a t. of friends, c. amicorum, Suet. Cal. 
19: Hor.: Virg. 5, examen, inis, 7. : 
a t. of poets, e. vatum, Stat.S. 5, 3, 284: 
Vv. SWARM. 6, turba (a confused 
mob): v. CROWD: @ ¢. of people is de- 
scribed in Gell. 10,6 as “ t. undique con- 
fluentis fluctuantisque populi.”’ 
throng ©): 1, célébro, 1: to ¢. 
the house, c. domum, Cic. Mur. 34, 70: 
the vestibule is t.’d with citizens, fre- 
quentia civium celebratur vestibulum, 
id. de Or. 1, 45, 200. 9. fréquento, 1 
(most usu. in poet.): to ¢. the temples, 
f. templa, Ov. F. 4, 871. 3, stipo, 1 
(to press closely together, most freq. in 
part. perf.): with a great company t.- 
wg around, magna stipante caterva, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 136: Cic.: v. ENVIRON. 
4, expr. by affluo, xi, xum, 3 (¢o0 
Slow, t. towards), Tac. A. 4, 41: con- 
fluo, xi, xum, 3 (to flow, t. together), Cic. 
Brut. 74, 258: or influo, xi, xum, 3 (to 
t. into), Cic. 
throstle; turdus: v. THRUSH. 
throttle (subs.): gurgiilio: v. 
THROAT. 
throttle (v.): 1, strangilo: to ¢. 
(any one) by difficulty of breathing, 
fauces spiritus uifficultate s.,Cels. 2, 10: 
a swollen throat t.s the utterance, fauces 
tumentes strangulant vocem, Quint. 11, 
3, 20: V. CHOKE, STRANGLE. 2. suf- 
féco, 1: to t. his father, s. patrem, Cic. 
Mur. 29, 61. 3. praefdco, 1: fo ¢. 
the passage of the breath, p. animae 
viam, Ov. Ib. 556. 4, expr. by a phr.: 
oblidere fauces, Tac. A. 5, 9: Cic.; in- 
terpremere, Pl. Rud. 3, 2, 41; elidere, 
Ov. M. 12, 142: to ¢. two snakes, elidere 
geminos angues, Virg. Aen. 8, 289. 
through (prep.): |. Aotion, ex- 
ion t.: ], per (with acc.) : to see 
t. the membranes of the eyes, p. mem- 
branos oculorum cernere, Cic. N. D. 2, 
57, cS ie t. the forum, p. forum, id. Att. 
14, 16: a hundred affairs flash t. my 
brain and start up at my side, negotia 
centum p. caput et circa saliunt latus, 
Hor. S. 2, 6,33. 2, expr. by compd. 
verbs: the moon shining t. the windows, 
percurrens luna fenestras, Prop. 1, 3, 
31: the prep. may be elegantly repeated : 
to brealc t. the midst of the foe, perrum- 
pere per medios hostes, Caes. B. G. 6, 40. 
I], During, throughout, (of time): v. 
THROUGHOUT. [|]. By meansof: 1, 
usu. expr. by abl. of cause, manner, or 
instrument: v. Lat. Gr. §§ 311-313. Q, 
r (mostly with acc. of person): to 
rn t. scouts, p. exploratores cognos- 
cere, Caes. B, G. 1, 22: to learn war- 
fare by toil and experience, militiam 
discere p. laborem usu, Sall. C. 7 (al. 
laboris usu). 8. propter (with 
acc.: rare): those t. whom he Lives, 
ii p. quos vivit, Cic. Mil. 22, 58 (% e. 
those whom he has to thank for his 
life). 4, ab: v. From, BY. Phr.: 
t. me thou hast recovered Tarentum, mea 
opera Tarentum recepisti, Cic. Sen. 4, 11: 
t. the ring he rose to be king, annuli 
beneficio rex exortus est, id. Off. 3, 9, 
38. [N.B—The gerund is never used 
in the abl. with a prep.] IV. On 





account of : 1, ob, propter: v. ac- | 
count (III. on account of ). 2. per 
(rare: cf. Lat. Gr. § 556, 17, Obs. 1): 
t. age, p. aetatem, Cic. Manil. 1, 1: t 
fear, p. metum, Pl. Aul. 2, 1, 12. 3. 
ex. V. FROM. 

through (adv.): usu. expr. by comp. 
verbs: / have read the third boole t., 
tertium librum perlegi, Cic. Div. 1, 5, 8: 
to run any one t. and t, with a sword, 
transigere aliquem gladio, Tac A. 2,68. 

throughout (prep.): 1, per (of 
space or time: with expr. of time it is 
emphatic, Lat. Gr. § 249, Obs. 1): t. the 
whole city, p. totau: urbem, Sall. C. 30: 
t. the winter, p. hiemem, Cat. R. R. 25. 

2, expr. by the acc. of time, with- 

out a prep., Lat. Gr. l.c.: often strength- 
ened by totus. 8. expr. by the abl. 
of time, Lat. Gr. § 322: they marched 
incessantly t. the night, tota nocte cot- 
tinenter ierunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 26. 

throughout (adv.): pénitus, pror- 
sus: V. ENTIRELY, WHOLLY, THOROUGHLY. 

throw (v.): 1, jacio, jéci, jactum, 
3 (constr. with in and ace.: poet. with 
dat.): to t. stones, j. lapides, Cic. Mil. 
15, 41: to t. a cup at somebody from 
one’s hand, j. scyphum in aliquem de 
manu, id. Verr. 4, 10, 24. Fig.: to ¢. 
aspersions upon illustrious women, j. 
probra in feminas illustres, Tac. A. 11, 
13: lot. ridicule (upon), j., mittere ridi- 
culum, Cic. Or. 26, 87. 2, jacto, 1 
(freq. of preced.): to #. clothes and 
money from the wall, j. vestem argen- 
tumque de muro, Caes. B. G. 7, 47: to 
t. themselves headlong from the walls, 
j. se muris in praeceps, Curt. 5, 6, 7: to 
t. kisses, j. a facie manus, Juv. 3, 106: 
of dice, Ov.: see phr. 8. conjicio, 
jéci, jectum, 3 (stronger than jacio): to ¢. 
hunting spears from their hands, ¢. 
venabula manibus, Ov. M. 12, 454: to t. 
any one into chains, c. aliquem in vin- 
cula, Caes. B. G. 4, 27: to t. oneself into 
a@ marsh, c. se in paludem, Liv. 1, 12: 
to t. cannon-balls (shells) into a town, 
*c. globos tormentarios in urbem, Kr. 
(cf. Liv. 23, 37): Fig.: to t. rein- 
Jorcements into the middle of the 
line of battle, c. auxilia in mediam 
aciem, Caes. B. G. 3, 24: to t. one’s eyes 
upon any one, 2. oculos in aliquem, 
Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44: to t. the enemy into 
consternation, c. hostes in terrorem, 
Liv. 34, 28: v. CAST. 4, mitto, misi, 
missum, 3 (to send: esp, of missiles) : 
to t. their javelins, m. pila, Caes. B. C. 3, 
93: tot. bread to a dog, m. panem cani, 
Phaedr. 2, 3, 3: tot. full in one’s face, 
m. in adversa ora, Ov. M. 12, 237: to ¢. 
oneself from a lofty rock, m. se saxo ab 
alto, id. ib. 11, 340: of dice, Aug.: see 
phr.: v. FLING. 5, jaciilor, © (prop. 
to hurl the javelin: thence used absol., 
Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45): to t. firebrands on to 
the vessels, j. puppibus ignem, Virg. Aen. 
2, 276. Vv. THROW INTO. 6. torqueo, 
torsi, tortum, 2: v. HURL. [N.B.—Whe 
precise equiv. for ¢. is to be sought for 
under the various preps.) Phr.: (i.) to 
t. a stone at one, impingere lapidem 
alicui, Phaedr. 3, 5,2: to t. an apple at 
one, petere aliquem malo, Virg. KE. 3, 64: 
to t. money among the crowd, spargere 
nummos populo, Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16: 
whence a weapon may be thrown on to 
the shore, unde adigi (adjici, al.) telum 
in litus posset, Cues. B. G. 4, 23: @ 
wrestler thrice thrown, luctator ter ab- 
jectus, Sen. Ben. 5, 3, 1: @ horse that t.s 
his rider, equus sternax, Virg.: v. THROW 
oFF: to t. troops into the towns, perb. 
occupare urbes, Liv. 33, 31: to t. over- 
board, in mari jacturam facere, Cic. Off. 
3, 23, 8, (often fig,): it ts madness to t. 
good money after bad, perh. furor est 
post omnia perdere naulum (passage- 
money), Juv. 8.97. (ii-) of dice: expr. 
by jacere, Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 78; jactare, Ov. 
A. A. 2, 203; mittere, Aug. in Suet. 
Aug. 71: to t. for the ofiice of king of 
the feast, sortiri regna vini talis, Hor. 
Od. 1, 4, 18: v. THROW (subs.), DIE. 

— about: jacto, 1: to ¢. one’s arms 
about, j. brachia, Lucr. 4, 767: Cic.: v. 
TOss. 


throw across, over: 1. tra-or 
transjicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (for the constr 
see L.G § 292, Ubs. 4): tot. a standard 
across the rampart, t. vexillum trans 
vallum, Liv. 25, 14: tot. a dart over the 
wall, murum jaculo t., Cic, Fin. 4, 9, 22: 
bridges having been thrown across, pon- 
tibus transjectis, Hirt. B. G. 8,9: to t 
troops across a river, t. milites trans 
flumen, Liv. 2, 11: so without trans, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 55: V. TRANSPORT. >: 
trans- or tramitto, misi, missum, 3: a 
bridge having been thrown across, ponte 
transmisso, Suet. Cal 22: Liv. 3. 
injicio, jéci, jectum, 3: to t. a bridge 
over, i. pontem, Liv. 26, 6: Caes. B.C. 2, 
10: V. BRIDGE. 

—— around: circumjicio, or cir- 
cuminjicio, jéci, jectum, 3. Liv. 35, 43 
25, 36: for the constr. v. L. G. § 292, 
Obs. 4. Phr.. tot. one’s arms around 
some one’s neck, brachia injicere collo, 
Ov. M. 3, 389; collo dare brachia cir- 
cum, Virg. Aen. 2, 792. 

—— aside: abjicio, jéci, jectum, 3: 
to t. aside trifles, a, nugas, Hor, Ep. 2, 2, 
141: V. THROW AWAY, LAY ASIDE, RE- 
NOUNCE. 





at: jactilor, 1: to t. a sharp 
weapon at, j. (aliquem) ferro acuto, Ov. 
Ib. 49: v. also THROW, THROW IN, INTO, 
AIM AT, 

— away: 1, abjicio, jéci, jec- 
tum, 3 (scanned sometimes Abicit in 
Ov.: Juv.): to t. away one’s shield, a. 
scutum, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54. Fig.: to 
t. away one’s life, a. vitam, id. Att. 3, 
19: to t. a house away (i. e. sell too 
cheap), a. aedes, Pl. Most. 4, 2, 3. 2. 
projicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (¢. forwards, on 
the ground): to t. their arms away, p. 
arma, Sen. Ben. 5,2,1. Fig.: tot. away 
their lives, p. animas, Virg. Aen. 6, 436 
to t. away hope, p. spem, Plin. Ep. 4, 27: 
V. FLING AWAY, GIVE UP, RENOUNCE. 

3, jacio, jéci, jactum, 3: to t. their 
shields awuy, scuta jacere, Plaut. Trin. 4, 
3, 27. 4, jacto, 1: to t. Heir arms 
away, j. arma, Liv. 1, 27, ad fin.: PL 
(mittere, omittere arma is rather fo let 
fall). Phr.: tot. money away, pecuniam 
disjicere, Val. Max. 3, 5,23 conjicere (in 
aliquid), Cic. Off. 2, r7,60: V. SQUANDER: 
to t. away a book from one’s bosom, re- 
jicere librum e gremio, Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 66: 
to t. away one’s labour, ligna in silvam 
ferre, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34 (prov.). 
back: 1. rejicio, jéci, jectum, 
3 (sometimes contracted in scanning: 
réice = rejice, Virg.): to t. back the 
weapon amidst the foe, r. telum in hostes, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 46: to t. back the toga from 
the shoulder, r. togam ab humeris, Liv, 
23, 8, extr.: to t. open @ door, januam 
r., Plin. 36, 15,24,9 112: V. OPEN. 2, 
rejecto, 1: Lucr. 8, régéro, gessi, 
gestum, 3: tot. back taunts, r. couvicia, 
Hor. S. 1, 7, 29. 4, siipino, 1, or ré- 
stipino, 1 (to t. on the back, t. back): v. 
BacK. Phr.:; the head thrown back, 
supinum caput, Quint. 11, 3, 69. 

—— before, in the wayof: L 
objicio, jéci, jectum, 3 (scanned some- 
times dbicis, etc.): to t. food before dogs, 
cibum canibus o., Plin. 8, 40, 61, ad med.: 
to t. oneself before the chariot, 0. sese ad 
currum, Virg. Aen. 12, 372. Cic. Fig.: 
the lot which fortune has thrown in your 
way, quam sortem fors objecerit, Hor. S. 
I,1,2. Q, objecto, 1 ( freq. of preced. : 
very rarely in lit. sense): V. EXPOSE. 

3. oppono, pdsui, pdsitum, 3 rature 
t. the snowy Alps in his way, opposuit 
natura Alpemque nivemque, Juv. to, 
152: V. PUT BEFORE, INTERPOSE, OPPOSE, 

4. projicio, jéci, jectum, 3: to sniff 
at the food thrown in your way, projec- 
tum odorari cibum, Hor. Epod. 6, 10, 
Fig.: to t. myself in the way of danger, 
p. me, Cic, Att. 9, 6, 6 (R. and A.: here 
absol.). Phr.: tot. one’s shield before 
one, dare objectum parmae, Lucr. 4, 644 

— down: 1, dejicio, jéci, jec- 
tum, 3: to t. any one down from a rock, 
d. aliquem de saxo, Liv. 5, 47 tot.a 
statue down, d. statuam, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 
19. 2. praecipito, 1 (to t. down head- 
long: constr. with de ez, oe ab, and 
59 





THROW DOWN 


THROW UPON 


THRUST AWAY 





ablat.): to t.oneself down from a tower, 
p. se de turri, Liv. 23, 37: Cic. Fin. 5, 
It, 31. 3, déturbo, 1 (tot. down with 
violence): the wind has thrown down the 
tiles from the voof, ventus deturbavit 
tegulas de tecto, l’l. Rud. 1, 1, 6: Cic.: 
Vv. HURL DOWN, FLING DOWN. 4, _proruo, 
rui, riitum, 3 (to ¢. down flat): to t. 
down a pillar, columnam p., Hor. Od. 1, 
35,14: houses thrown down by an earth- 
quake, terrae motibus prorutae domus, 
Tac. A. 12, 43. 5, sterno, stravi, 
stratum, 3 (to level with the ground: 
freq. in poet.) : the elephant t.s down his 
stall with his tusks, elephantus stabula 
dentibus sternit, Plin. 8, 9, 9: Virg.: 
Liv.: the compds. are: (i.) prosterno : 
V. PROSTRATE: (ii.) consterno (very 
rare): Liv. 40, 45. 6. aftiigo, xi, 
ctum, 3: profligo, 1: Vv. DASH DOWN. 
7, Gverto, ti, sum, 3: V. OVER- 

THROW, OVERTURN, UPSET. 

throw (oneself) down: (i.) fo cast 
oneself down from a height : dejicere se, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 183 praecipitare se, Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 18, 413 se praecipitem dare, 
Hor. S. 1, 2, 415 jactare se in praeceps, 
Curt. 5, 6,73 V. HEADLONG ; abjicere se, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 34, 84. (ii.) to fling oneself 
on the floor, etc. : abjicere se (in herbarm), 
Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 285 id. Tusc. 2, 23, 
543 rejiccre se (in grabatum, on to a 
bed), Petr. 92, 3. (ili.) to t. oneself at 
some one’s feet: ad pedes alicujus se 
projicere, Cic. Sest. 11, 26; abjicere, id. 
ib. 34, 743 prosternere, V. PROSTRATE. 

—— in, into: 1, injicio, jéci, jec- 
tum, 3 (inicit, Sil.): to t. fire.into the 
camp, i. ignem castris, Liv. 40, 31: to ¢. 
oneself into the midst of the foe, i. se in 
medios hostes, Cic. Dom. 24,64. Fig. : 
to t. the state into confusion, i. tumultum 
civitati, id. Cat. 3, 3, 7. 93. immitto, 
misi, missum, 3: to t. javelins into the 
enemy, i. pila in hostes, Caes. B. G. 6, 8: 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116. 3. ingéro, gessi, 
gestum, 3: to t. wood into the jire, 
i. ligna foco, Tib. 2, 1, 22. [N.B.—For 
other varieties of expr. see THROW and 
the foll.:—Phr.: to t. into the fire, 
projicere in ignem, Caes. B. G. 7, 25: to 
t. oneself into any body’s lap, rejicere 
se in gremium alicujus, Lucr. 1, 34: 
Ter.: to t. any one into prison, in car- 
cerem aliquem praecipitem dare, after 
id. Andr. 1, 3, 9: he ordered him to be 
thrown intoa dark dungeon, in vincula 
atque in tenebras abripi jussit, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 10, 24: to t. legions into a town, 
praesidium oppidi tuendi causa mittere, 
after Caes. B. G. 7, 11 (where the add. of 
subito, raptim, would help to expr. the 
verb): to t. oneself heart and soul into 
verse-malcing, c. se mente ac voluntate 
in versum, Vic. de Or. 3, 50, 194: the 
pain having thrown itself into the heart, 
dolore in cor trajecto, Hor. S. 2, 3, 29.] 

— off: 1, exciitio, cussi, cus- 
sum, 3 (to shake off): the horse threw 
his rider off, equus excussit equitem, 
Liv. 8,7. Fig.: to ¢. off fear, e. me- 
tum, Ov. M. 3,68y: Cic.: Hor. 2, de- 
jicio, jéci, jectum, ; (to t. down): thrown 
off his horse, dejectus equo, Caes. B. G. 
4,12. Fig.: tot. off the yoke of slavery, 
d. servile jugum, Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6: v. 
YOKE. 8, exuo,ul,itum, 3 (strip off): 
to t. off ones bonds, e. vincula, Ov. M. 4, 
"73: to t. off the yoke, e. se jugo, Liv. 
34, 13. Fig.. to ¢. off one’s disguise, 
perh. *alienam personam e., cf. Quint. 
12, 10. 763 Liv. 3, 36: to ¢. off one’s 
allegiance, e. sacramentum, Tac. H. 3, 
42. 4, exsolvo, vi, lutum, 3: to ¢. 
off one’s clothes, e. amictus, Stat. S. 1, 5, 
53. Fig.: tot. off the restraints of law, 
e. (legis) vincula, Tac. A. 3, 33: Vv. LAY 
ASIDE, PUT OFF. Phr.: @ horse that 
t.s his rider off, sternax equus, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 364: to ¢. his rider, ejicere 
equitem, id. ib. 10, 894: to ¢. him oven 
his head, lapsum super caput effun- 
dere, Liv. 22, 3: to t. off the dogs 
immittere canes: vV. LET SLIP. 

— on, on to: V. THROW UPON. 
— open: patélacio, féci, factum, 3 
¥.OPEN. Phr.: tot. open the door, jan- 

uam i ae Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 112. 





throw out: |. Tocastouf: 1. 
ejicio, jéci, jectum, 3: to t. oneself out 
of the ship on to the shore, e. se in terram 
e navi, Cic. Verr. 5, 35, 91. Fig.: tot. 
out the scheme of the Cynics, e. rationem 
Cynicorum, id. Off. 1, 41, 148: v. CAST 
OUT, REJECT. 9. ejactlor, 1: Vv. 
SHOOT OUT. 3, jactlor, 1: Plin. : 
Vv. EMIT. 4, jacto, 1: to ¢. out light 
Siom its body, j. de corpore lucem, Lucr. 
5,575: subjecto, 1 (to t. out from below) : 
Vv. THROW UP. 9, projicio, jeci, jectum, 
3 (tot. forward): tot. oneself out of the 
ship, p. se ex navi, Caes. B. G. 4, 25: 
to t. them out unburied, p. insepultos, 
Liv. 29, 9: to ¢. a roof out, p. tectum, 
Cic. Top. 4, 24 (architects’ t. t.). 6. 
Ago, égi, actum, 3 (mostly poet.): to 
t. out sparics, scintillas a., Lucr. 2, 675: 
Virg.: Plin. |]. Zo utter: af, 
jacio, jéci, jactum, 3: to ¢. out hints, 
j. significationes, Suet. Ner. 37: to ¢. 
out suspicions, j. suspicionem, Cic. Flac. 
3,6: Tac. 9, jacto, 1 (freq. of pre- 
ced.): to t. out threats, j. minas, Cic. 
Quint. 14, 47. 3. injicio, jéci, jectum, 
3: Cic. Quint. 21, 68. 4, ingéro, 
gessi, gestum, 3: to t. out opprobrious 
remarks, i. probra, Liv. 2, 45, ad fin.: 
Tac. 5, objecto, 1: Pl. Most. 3, 2, 
123. 6, expr. by mentionem facere, 
V. MENTION, HINT. Phr.: an assertion 
casually thrown out, fortuitus jactus 
vocis, Val. Max. I, 5, 9. 

—— over: 1, injicio, jéci, jectum, 
3: tot. a cloak over anybody, i. pallium 
alicui, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: v. THROW 
UPON, DA 
(only in fig. sense): to ¢. a veil over 
deceits, 0. nubem fraudibus, Hor. Ep. 1, 
16,62. Phr.: to t. the shield over the 
back, rejicere scuta, Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 
294. 

ele to: objicio, jéci, jectum, 3: v. 
THROW BEFORE, IN THE WAY OF. 

~— together: 1, conjicio, jéci, 
jectum, 3: to ¢. thetr knapsacks t. into 
a heap, ¢. sarcinas in medium, Liv, 31, 
27. 92, conjecto, 1: Gell. 

— under: 1, subjicio, jéci, jec- 
tum, 3: to t. torches under, s. faces, 
Cic. Mil. 35, 98 (in a fig. pass.): v. PUT, 
PLACE UNDER. Q, subterjacio, 3: Pall. 
Pp: 1, subjicio, jéci, jectum, 
3: (tot. up from below): to t. up their 
darts, tragulas s., Caes. B. G. 1, 26: to €. 
(al. subigere) up the earth with a 
ploughshare, s. terram ferro, Cic. Leg. 2, 
18, 45. Freg.: subjecto, 1: lo t. up 
rocks, 8. saxa, Lucr. 6, 700. 2. ejecto, 
1 (tot. out): to t. up ashes, e. favillam, 
Ov. M. 2, 231: to t. up his bloody meal 
From his mouth, e. dapes cruentas ore, 
id. ib. 14, 211. 3. eructo, 1 (to belch 
forth): to t. up blood, e. saniem, Virg. 
Aen. 3,632: to t. up flames, vapour, and 
smoke, c. flammas, vaporem, fumum, 
Just. 4, 1: V. VOMIT. 4, ruo, rui, 
ruitum, 3 (poet.): tot. up a dark cloud 
to the siy, r. atram nubem ad coelum, 
Virg. G. 2, 308. 5, stiperjacto, 
1: Val. Max. 9, 2, 4: V. TOSS UP. 

6. exstruo, xi, ctum, 3 (to heap up): 
to t. up an earthwork, e. aggerem, 
Caes. B. C.2, 1: V. HEAP UP. ‘J, prae- 
jacio, jéci, jactum, 3 (to t. up in front) : 
Col. 8,17, 10. Phr.: earth thrown up, 
regestum, Col. 11, 3, 10: speaking of 
Aetna, Virg. Aen. 3, 572, foll. has 
“prorumpere nubem” “attollere 
globos” ... “erigere eructantem sco- 
pulos:” cf. Lucr.6 699: of a whirlwind 
tearing up crops, sublime expulsam se- 
getem eruere, id. G. 1, 320 (= to tear 
up by the roots and t. up into the air). 

— upon: 1, stiperjicio, jéci, 
jectum, 3: to t. oneself upon the funeral 
pile, s. se rogo, Val. Max. I, 8, ext7., 10; 
limbs upon which a garment has been 
thrown, membra superjecta cum veste, 
Ov. H. 16,222: Suet. Q, siiperinjicio, 
no pf., jectum, 3: tot. manure upon any- 
thing, s. fimum, Plin. 17, 9.6: Ov.: Virg. 

3. ingéro, gessi, gestum, 3: fo ¢. 
stones upon those who are coming up, 
i. saxa in subeuntes, Liv. 2, 65: Virg. 
Phr.: Ihave welcomed thee, thrown upon 
my shores, ejectum littore excepi, Virg. 


objicio, jéci, jectum, 3 | 





Aen. 4, 373: the moon t.s tts light upon 
the earth, lumen mittit luna in terram, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 103: to t. one’s eyes 
upon. anything, oculos adjicere alicui 
rei, id. Verr. 2, 15, 37: tot. light upon 
a subject, adhibere lumen, id. de Or. 3, 
13, 50: (so, afferre: in these expr. 
clearness is opp. to obscurity): to t. the 
blame upon, culpam relegare in aliquem, 
Quint. 7, 4, 135 regerere, Plin. Ep. to, 
30: V. BLAME: fo ¢t. the odium of tt 
upon the senate, invidiam ad senatum 
rejicere, Liv. 2, 28: J t. myself upon 
your good faith, ego me tuae fidei come 
mendo et committo, Ter. Kun. 5, 2, 47: 
Cic. Mil. 23, 61: when cold water was 
thrown upon every plan, quum omnia 
consilia frigerent, id. Verr. 2, 25, 60 
throw (subs.) : 1, jactus, as: 
within @ weapon’s t., intra teli jactum, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 608: a lucky t. of the 
dice, prosper tesserarum j., Liv. 4, 17. 
92. conjectus, iis: to come as near 
as a weapon’s t., venire ad c. teli, Liv. 
2,31: V. THROWING. 3, bdlus(BoAos): 
PL: Aus. 4, alea (only fig.): to stake 
all upon a t., dare summam rerum in a., 
Liv. 42, 59: V. VENTURE, RISK. Phr.: 
the highest ¢., basilicus (sc. jactus), Pl. 
Cur. 2, 3, 803 Venus, Prop. 4, 8, 45: the 
lowest t., canis, id. 4, 8,46: an unlucky t., 
vulturius, lL Cure. 2, 3, 78: to make @ 
t., tesseram mittere, Ov. A. A. 3, 354: 
for the various ¢.s see Dict. Antiq. voce 
talus. 


throwing (subs.) : 1, jactus, ts. 


the t. of thunderbolts, j. fulminum, Cic. 


Cat. 3, 8, 18: V. CASTING, HURLING : 
(in Dig. = jactura, a ¢. overboard). 
9. missus, ts: the t. of a jave- 
lin, m. pili, Liv. 9, 19: (missio, Vitr.) 
8. conjectio: the t. of weapons, G 
telorum, Cic. Caecin. 15, 43: sO con- 
jectus, as, Liv. 4, jactlatio (a hurt 
ing): Sen.: Plin.: Quint. (fig.): jacu- 
latus in Tert. [N.B.—The compounds 
are numerous: —A ¢. @way, abjectio, 
Quint. (fig.): a t. back, rejectio (= t. 
up, e.g. of blood), Plin.: @ t. between, 
interjectio, Auct. Heren. (fig.): at. down, 
déjectus, us, Liv.: a ¢. forwards, pro- 
jectio, Cic.: @ t. on, injectus, us: Tac.: 
Plin.: a ¢. round, circumjectio, Arn.: 
at. to and fro, jactatio, v. TOSSING: a t. 
together, conjectus, tis, Cic.: a t. in the 
way of, objectus, ts, Lucr.] 
thrower: _ 1. jaciilator, Hor. Od. 
3, 4, 56; /. -trix, Ov. M. 5, 375. 2, 
déjector (a t. down), Ulp. Dig. 9, 3, 5, 


4 
§ thrum (svbs.): licium: to add t.s to 
the web, |. telae addere, Virg. G. 1, 285: 
Ov.: Plin. 

thrum (v.): to t. the piano, *clavi- 
chordium misere obtundere: to t. the 
guitar, *citharam (imperite) radere. 

thrush: |. The bird: turdus; 
Hor.: Varr.: Plin.: *t. musicus, Linn.: 
a place to keep t.s in, turdarinm, Varr. 
L. L.6, 1,51. (The f. turda, which occurs 
in Pers. 6, 24, is denied by Schol. ad loc. 
and Varro R. R. 3, 5,6.) ||, 4 disease: 
aphthae, Mar. Emp. 11 (as GK., ap@at, 
Cels. 6,11, where he speaks of them as 
*ulcera).”’ 

thrust (v.): _ 1, trido, si, sum, 3: 
to be dragged and t. at the same time, 
trahi et t. simul, Pl. Capt. 3, 5, 92: to ¢. 
a sluggard into the fray, t. mertem in 
proelia, Hor. Ep. 1, 5,17: to t. any one 
Jorward into the comitia (i.e. bring tnto 
office), t. aliquem in comitia, Cic. Att. 1, 
16,12. Fregq., trisito, 1, Phaedr. : triiso, 


1, Catul. Q, pello, pépali, pulsum, 3: 
Vv. DRIVE, PUSH. 
—— against: 1. obtrido, si, sum, 


3: App. M.7, p.200. 2. impingo, pégi, 
pactum, 3: V. DASH, STRIKE AGAINST. 

— at: péto, pétivi, pétitum, 3: fo 
t. at the breast with a sword, pectora 
gladio p., Ov. M. 5, 185: to ¢. at the 
enemy, punctim p. hostem, Liv. 22, 46: 
so, punctim ferire, Veg. Mil. 1, 12, tnit.: 
v. Arm (LL1.). 

—away: 1. abstriido, si, sum, 
3: to t. the gold away, a. aurum, Pl. Aub 
4, 5, 3(= CONCEAL, q.v.). 2, dépello, 
pili, pulsum, 3: Vv. DRIVE AWAY. 


THRUST BACK 





thrust back: retriidy, no pf., sum, 
3: Pl. Epid 2, 2, 66 

— down: détrudo, si, sum, 3: to 
t. down aml confine as it were in the 
pounding-mill, taiiquam d. et comping- 
ere in pistrinum, Cic. de Or. I, 11, 46: 
to t. down to the waves of the Styz, a. 
Stygias ad undas, Virg. Aen. 7, 773- 

—— forth: v. THRUST OUT. 

— forwards: protrido, si, sum, 3: 
to t. a cylinder forwards, p. cylindrum, 
Cic. Fat. 19, 43: Lucr. 

— in, into: 1, introtriido, 3: 
Cat. R R. 157, 14: (al. intro trudo; 
intrudo once fig. in Cic.: v. INTRUDE). 

2. impello, pili, pulsum, 3: he 
t. a mountain on its side, impulit 
montem in latus, Virg. Aen. 1, 82: lo 
t. in a svord up to the hilt, ferrum 
capulo tenus i., Sil. 9, 382. 8. im- 
pingo, pegi, pactum, 3: to ¢. into prison, 
i. in carcerem, Ulp. Dig. 48, 3, 13: v. 
STRIKE INTO. 4, condo, didi, ditum, 3 
(to hide: poet.): to t. his fingers into 
his eyes, c. digitos in lumina, Ov. M. 13, 
561: to t. a sword into his breast, c. 
ensem in pectore, Virg. Aen. 9, 348. 
Phr.: to t. a sword into his throat, 
gladium jugulo defigere, Liv. 1, 26; 
ferrum jugulo adigere, Suet. Ner. 49: to 
t. a sword into the breast, pectori ferrum 
inserere, Sen. Hippol. 1172 (1177). 

—— off: to ¢. off ships from the rock, 
detrudere naves scopulo, Virg. Aen. 1, 
: So, expellere in altum, Liv. 41, 3. 

— out: 1, extriido, si, sum, 3: 
to t. out any one into the street, e. ali- 
quem in viam, Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 234: Pl. 

2. expello, pili, pulsum, 3: you 
have t. me out from my home, me mea 
domo expulistis, Cic. Pis. 7,16. Join: 
expulsus atque ejectus, id. Quint. 7, 28: 
Vv. DRIVE OUT. 3. ejicio, jéci, jectum, 
3 (constr. with ex or de and abl.): tot. 
out the tongue, e. linguam, Cic. de Or. 
2, 66, 266: to t. out any one from the 
senate, e. aliquem ex senatu, id. Sen. 12, 
42: Liv.: v. PUT OUT, EXPEL, 4, ex- 
turbo, 1: fo ¢. owt some one’s eyes, e. ali- 
cui oculos, Pl. Poen. 1, 2, 172: tot. any 
one out headlong from his home, e. ali- 
quem focis patriis praecipitem, Cic. Rosc. 
Am. 8,23. §, projicio, jéci, jectum, 3: 
to t. any one out of the city, p. aliquem 
ex urbe, Ov. M. 15, 504: Cic.: (so. pro- 
trudere, to ¢. forth, in Amm.). 

— together: contrido, si, sum, 3: 
Cic. Coel. 26, 63. 

-—— through : perforo, 1: to ¢. 

. through his side with a sword, p. latus 
ense, Ov. Tr. 3, 9, 26: Vv. RUN THROUGH, 
STAB, PIERCE, 
thrust (subs.): 1, pétitio (the act 
of thrusting, detined by Serv. ad Aen. 
9, 439, as impetus gladiorum): J have 
narrowly avoided your t.s, which were 
so made that they seemed to be inevitable, 
by a slight movement of the body, p. tuas 
ita conjectas ut vitari non posse videren- 
tur parva quadam declinatione, et, ut 
aiunt, corpore effugi, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15: 
Vv. ATTACK. QQ, minus, is (a ¢. t. of 
fencing): straightforward t.s, m. rectae, 
simplices, Quint. 9, 1,20: a prime, second, 
tierce, quart, m. prima, secunda, tertia, 
ery. id. 5. 13, 54(q.v.). 8, puncta 
opp. to coesa, a cut): to make a t., p. 
inferre, Veg. Mil. 1, 12. 4. plaga (a 
t. or cut which wounds): Veg. Mil. 1, 
il, @tr.: Vv. BLOW. 

thud: perh. sonitus (ictus), gravis, 
vastus: cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 435. 

thumb (subs.): pollex, icis, m.: in 
full, divitus p., Caes. B.G. 3, 13: adj.: 
pollicaris (of @ t.’s breadth or thickness) : 
anything of the thickness of the t., 
aliquid pollicari crassitudine, Plin. 13, 
23, 4535 digiti pollicis crassitudine, Caes. 
B. G, 3, 13: to bring the t. and middle 
finger together, medium digitum in 
pollicem contrahere, Quint. 11, 3, 92. 
‘The ¢.s were pressed down when a 
gladiator (v. Dict. Ant. sub voce) was 
to be saved, up when he was to be 
killed: hence p. premere, Plin. 28, 2, 53 
vertere, convertere, Juv. 3, 36. Phr.: 
@ Tom-t., hop o my t. silipiitium, 
Catul. 53, 5. 


THUNDERBOLT 


THY 





thumb (v.): *pollice versare (cf. | to threaten with the t.s of the dwtatar- 


Hor, A. P. 269). 
— -screw: *tormentam pollicibus 
admovendum (Kr.). 
thump (suls.): 


1A 
nearest word co- | pontificale, ete. 
laphus (blow with the fist): to giveat., | (very rare): Hor, Od. 2, 10, 12. 


ship, tuimen dictatorium intentare (in 
aliquem), Liv. 6, 39, ad med. (R. and 
-): hence, the ts of the Vatican, *f. 
2. fulgur, iris, n. 
Phr.: 


c. ducere, Quint. 6, 3. 83: incutere, Juv. | struck by a t., de coelo tactus, Liv. 25, 


1, 


9, 5. 
thump (».): contundo, tiidi, 


tiisum, 3: to t. with the fists, c. pugnis, | of deities: e. g. Ov. 


Pl. Bac. 3, 3, 463; so, obtundere, id. | 


Am. 2, 1, 62. 2. tundo, titiidi, tun- 
sum or tiisum, 3: tot. the breast with a 
stake, t. pectus palo, Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 3: 
Cic.: Vv. BEAT, BELABOUR. Phr.: to ¢. 


73 Cic.: Virg. 
thunderer; ténans, ntis: as epith. 
H. 9, 7. 
thundering (part. and adj): 1, 


| ténans, ntis: ¢. Jove, t. Juppiter, Hor. 


any one, pugnum ducere alicui, Paul. | 


Dig. 47, 10, 4. 

thunder (subs.): 1, tonitrus, tis 
or tonitruum (tonitru only in gram.: 
used both sing. and pl.; usu. neut. in 
pl.): there is t. and lightning, fulgores 
et tonitrua existunt, Cic. Div. 2. 19, 44 
(observe the order): a t.-storm suddenly 
arose, subito coorta est tempestas cum 
magno fragore tonitribusque, Liv. 1, 16: 
he used to dread t. and lightning, tont- 
trua et fulgura expavescebat, Suet. Aug. 
go. [N.B.—Sen. N. Q. 2, 56 remarks, 
“nos tonitrua pluraliter dicimus, anti- 
qui autem tonitrum dixerunt aut tonum, 
Hoc apud Caecinnam invenio.”) 3 
fragor, Oris, m., (a crashing sound of t. : 
for which clamor tonitrnum, poet. in Cic. 
Fam. 8, 2, 1): an almost unbroken roar 
of t., prope continuus coeli f., Curt. 8, 4, 
4: t. and lightning, fulmina et coelestis 
f., Quint. 12, 10, 24: peals of t. in close 
succession, f. crebri, Sen. Clem. 1, 7, 2: 
the t. of artillery, * tormentorum fra- 
gores (Kr.). Fig.: his sublimity ex- 
torted those t.s of applause, sublimitas 
expressit illum f., Quint. 8, 3, 3. 5 
expr. by sdnitus, tis, etc.: you know the 
t.s of my eloquence, nosti s. nostros, Cic. 
Att. 1, 14, 4: ¢., s. Olympi, Virg. Aen. 
6, 586. Phr.: tt is summer t., aesti- 
vum tonat, Juv. 14, 295: ¢, poli ruina, 
Val. FI. 8, 334: the t. of my language, 
fulmina verborum meorum, Cic. Fam. 
Q, 21, init. 

thunder (?.): 1, tono, ui, 1 
(mostly impers.): how loud it td! ut 
valide tonuit, Pl. Am. 5,1, 10: when Jove 
t.s, Jove tonante, poet. in Cic. Div. 2, 18, 
42: Aetna t.s with horrid crash, Aetna 
tonat ruinis horrificis, Virg. Aen. 3, 571. 
Fig.: Pericles was said to t.and lighten, 
Pericles fulgere, t. dictus est, Cic. Or. 9, 
29. Q. intdno, ui (avi), 1: the heav- 
ens t.’d, intonuere poli, Virg. Aen. 1,90: 
it t.'d on the left, intonuit laevum, id. 
ib. 2,693. Fig.: the voice of the tribune 
t’d, vox tribuni intonuit, Cic. Mur. 38, 
81: Vv. RESOUND. 8. conténo, 1 (fo 
t. heavily): it ts with a long un-~ 
broken roar, contonat continuo sonitu 
maximo, Pl. Am. §, I, 45- 4. per- 
tono, ui, 1 (only in late Lat.) Hier. 
Phr.: to cease ting, detonare, Virg. 
Aen. 10, 809 (fig.). 

—— around; circumtono, ui, & (fo 
make a noise round): Ov.: Hor. (fig. 
only). 

— at: attdno, 1 (poet.: seldom 
except in part. perf. pass.: v. Maecenas 
in Sen. Ep. 19, 9). 

— back: rétino, ui, 1: Catul. 63, 
82. 

— down: détino, ui, 1: Jove ts 
down, Juppiter detonat, Ov. Tr. 2, 35. 

— forth: 1. téno, ui, t: to ft. 
Forth words in the forum, t. verba foro, 
Prop. 4, 1, 134. , int&no, ui (avi), ©: 
to t. forth threats, i. minas, Ov. Am. I, 7, 
46: Liv. 3, protdno, 1: Val. Fl. 4, 
205. 

— over, upon: intino, ui (avi), 1 
(rare): Hor. Epod. 2, 51 (pass.). 

— -bolt: ], fulmen, inis, 7.: 
to hurl a t., f. emittere, jacere, Cic. Div, 
2,19, 44: struck by at., fulmine percussus, 
id. % D. 3, 22, 57: the bird that guards 
the t.s, ales minister fulminis, Hor. Od. 
4, 4,1 (i. e. the eagle): see also Sen. 
N. Q. 2, 39, seg. Fig.: to despise the t. 
of fortune, fortunae f. contemnere, Cic. 
Tuse. 2, 27, 66: the two t.s of war, duo 
f. belli, Virg. Aen. 6, 843: Cic.: Lucr.: 


| (sometimes poet. with gen.): 


Od. 3, 5,1: called altitonans, Enn. (t. on 
high): a t. oration, oratio fulgurans, 
t., after Plin. Ep. 1, ro. 2, tinitrnalis : 
App. 3, expr. by verbs: he calls on 
the gods in t. tones, tonat ore deos, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 510. 
thunder-struck : 1, attdnitus 
t. at such 
sights, talibus a. visis, Virg. Aen. 3, 172: 


| long time was she like one t., diu atton- 


itae similis fuit, Ov. M. 5, 510. [N.B— 


| The lit. sense is rare: a, aures, Curt. 8, 





4,2 (of persons in a thunderstorm): to 
render their minds t., attonare mentes, 
Ov. M. 3, 532. 2. fulminatus (very 
rare): t. at this announcement, f. hac 
pronunciatione, Petr. 80,7. 3, ictus 
the consuls t. at this fresh occurrence, 
nova re icti, Liv. 24, 9. 4, obstiipé- 
factus : V. AGHAST, AMAZED, ASTONISHED. 

Thursday: * dies Jovis. 

thus: 1, ita (in that way: it 
refers either to what preced. or foll.): ¢ 
it comes to pass that reason rules, passion 
obeys, i. fit ut ratio praesit, appetitus 
obtemperet, Cic. Off. 1, 28, ror: he ¢, 
treats with Caesar, is i. cum Caesare 
agit, Caes. B. G. 1, 13: therefore he is 
devoid of virtue: t. he is not even happy, 
expers igitur virtutis: i.ne beatus qui- 
dem, Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 114: Vv. SO 3 
sic (in this way : often syn. of preced.) : 
L. Tarquinius, for t. he had altered his 
name, L. Tarquinius, s. enim nomen in- 
flexerat, Cic. Rep. 2, 20: t. he began to 
speak, ingressus est s. loqui, id. ib. 2, 
1: is it t. that thou hast abandoned 
me? siccine liquisti? Catul. 64, 132. 

3, t. he speaks, talia fatur, Virg. 

pass.: and ¢., itaque: V. THEN, THERE- 
FORE: ¢., ad hunc modum, Caes. B. G. 
5, 24: ¢. much, tantum: ¢. far, hactenus, 
Cic.; usque adeo, ib.: sometimes ¢. = 
inde, hinc: Vv. THENCE, HENCE: ft. they 
say that Tarquin said that...., quod 
Tarquinium dixisse ferunt, se..., Cic. 
Am. 15, 53. 

thwack (subs.): ictus, is: v. BLow: 
verber, éris, ”.: V. STRIPE. 

thwack (v.): mulco, I: Vv. BELA- 
BOUR, BEAT. Phr.: to t. with acudgel, 
fuste dolare, Hor. S. 1, 5, 23: to get 
soundly t.’d, pugnos edere, Pl. Am. 1, 
I, 156. 

thwart (subs.): transtrum: Cic.: 
Caes.: Virg. 

thwart (adv.): 
ACROSS, OBLIQUELY. 

thwart (v.): 1, obsto, stiti, stl- 
tum, 1 (with dat. of the object): v, op- 
POSE, OBSTRUCT, RESIST. 9, obtrecto, 
1: tot. each other mutually, o. inter se, 
Nep. Arist.1,1. Join: autobstare aut 
o., Suet. Tib. 10. 3. intervénio, véni, 
ventum, 4 (to come between): what god 
has t.’d your love? vestro quis Dens in- 
tervenit amori? Calp. Ecl. 2, 23: fortune 
seldom t.s a wise man, fortuna exigua 
intervenit sapienti, Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 63 
(wapeurimrecy). 4. refragor, 1: 
to t. a very friendly man, r. homini 
amicissimo, Cic. Phil. 11, 9, 20: Liv. 

5, disjicto, jéci, Jectum, 3: fo ¢. the 

leader's plans, d. consilia ducis, Liv. 25, 
14: to t. their expectation, d. exspecta- 
tionem, Suet. Caes. 42. 6, disturbo, 
1: to t. and pervert the law, d. ac per- 
vertere legem, Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101. 7, 
frustror, I: V. FRUSTRATE, DISAPPOINT, 
Phr. : the t.’d fortune of the state, trans- 
versa fortuna rei publicae, Cic. Brut 
97, 331. 

thy ; tuus: not to be expr. where the 
context is clear: the only excep. are at 
the close of a pent. verse, and in the 
Ter. phr, “animum tuum sag ad- 

I 


in transversum: Vv. 


TAGrHer 


TIME 





THYME 
jungere,” as in Hee. 4, 4,61: cf. Nagelsb. 
Styl. p. 242. 

thyme: thymum: Hor.: Virg.: 


*thymus vulgaris, Linn.: fond of t., 
thymiamus, Pl. Bac. 5, 2, 11: made of 
t., thymicus, Col. 6, 33, 2: t.-wine, thy- 
mites. ae, m., id. 12, 35, 1. wild t., ser- 
pyllum, Virg.. Plin.: *thymuss., Linn. : 
another kind was cunila gallinacea, Plin. 
20, 16, 62: creeping t., herpyllum or 
-us, App. Herb, [N.B. Epithymum is 
not the bloom, but dodder parasitical 
on t.] 

thyrsus; thyrsus: Hor.: Ov. (v. 
Dict. Ant.): bearing the t., thyrsiger, 
Sen.: the wreathed t., redimitum missile, 
Stat. Ach. 1, 612. 

tiara: tiara or tiaras, ae: the sacred 
t., sacer tiaras, Virg. Aen. 7, 247. 

tibia: tibia, Phaedr. 5, 7, 8: Cels.: 
adj. : tibialis. 

tick (subs.): |. An insect: ricin- 
us, Cat.: Plin.: * Ixodes r., Latreille. 

||. Covering of a bed, bolster, etc. : 

*involucrum tomenti. Il]. Click, 
beat: (?) crépitus, us. IV. Credit: 
fides, ei, f.: Vv. CREDIT. 

tick (v.): the clock t.s, *horologium 
in numerim crepitat (?): to t. off names, 
perh, * puncto nomina notare. 

ticket (subs.): 1, tesséra (token, 
billet): t. for corn, t. frumentaria, Suet. 
Ner. 11; frumenti, Juv. 7,174. Dimin. : 
tessériila, Pers. 5, 74. 2. pittacium 
(a slip of parchment) : Vv. LABEL. 3H 
titilus§ a t. (of a house to let), Plin. Ep. 
9, 27: lo affix a t. to an offering, addere 
t. muneri, Ov. M. 9, 793. Phr.: the 
house had a t. on it, domus proscribe- 
batur, Plin. Ep. 7, 27. 

tickle: titillo, 1: pleasure which t.s 
the senses, voluptas quae quasi titillaret 
sensus, Cic. Fin. I, 11, 39 (always fig. in 
Cic. and qual. by tanquam, quasi): Hor. 
S. 2, 3, 179. Phr.: to ¢., titillationem 
adhibere, Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 103: to ¢. 
the palate, tergere palatum, Hor. S. 2, 2, 


1, titillatio: Cic. N.D. 
I, 40, 113. 9. titillatus, is, Plin. 11, 
37, 77. (The other forms are titillus, 


Cod. Theod.:  titillamentum, Fulg. 
Myth.) 38. confricatio: Aug. Conf. 
8. 
ticklish: |, Lit.: expr. by verb. 


: lubricus: boyhood is a 
t. age, (puerilis) aetas maxime l., Cic. 
Verr. 5, 52, 137: V. SLIPPERY, DANGER- 
ous. Phr.: at. situation, res trepidae, 
Sall. J.gt: saltus damni (com.), Pl. Men. 
5, 6, 30. 

tide (subs.): |. Motion of the sea: 
Lit.: aestus, is (more fully with qual. 
adj.) : the ebb and flow of the t.s are con- 
trol by the motion of the moon, mar- 
inorum aestuum accessus et recessus 
lunae motu gubernantur, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 
34: the flowing and ebbing t.s, a. mari- 
timi accedentes aut recedentes, id. N.D. 
2, 53, 132: the t.s ebb and flow, a. maris 
accedunt et reciprocant, Plin. 2, 97, 99: 
springs ebb and flow with the t., fontes 
cum aestu maris crescunt minuuntur- 
que, id. 2, 102, 105, § 229: the t.s ebb and 
flow twice in the 24 hours, a. his afflu- 
unt bisque remeant vicenis quaternis 
horis, id. 2, 97,99: the rising of the t., 
exortus aestus, id. ib., extr.: the t. rises, 
a. intumescit, id. ib.; allabitur, Tac. A. 
1, 70: when the t. had swept in, cum ex 
alto a. se incitavisset, Vaes. B. G. 3, 12: 
the turn of the t., commutatio aestus, id. 
ib. 5, 8: as the t. went down, minuente 
aestu, id. ib. 3, 12: wews was brought 
that the t. was going down, nuntiatum 
est a. decedere, Liv. 26, 45: a. maris se 
Tresorbet, refluit, residit, Plit. 2, 97, 99 
(q. v.): with the t., against the t., aestu 
secundo, adverso, Sall. Fragm.: with 
wind and ¢t., ventum et a. secundum 
nactus, Cues. B. G. 4, 23: they are driven 
back by the t., cursus aestu reverberatur, 
Curt. 9, 9,8. spring-t.s, a, maxime tu- 
mentes, maximi, Plin. 2, 97, 993 Caes. 
B. G. 4, 29 : neap-t.s, a. inanes, Plin, l.c. : 
to sail with the t., a. occupare, Curt. 9, 9, 
27. Phr.: the t. ebbs and flows, mare 
accrescit et resorbetur, Tac. Agr. Io: 

862 





the ebb and flow of the t., receptus et 
recursus maris, Kumen. Pan. Const. 6, 
Jin.: the t. came in, mare subibat, Curt. 
9, 9,75 aquae (leni tractu) subibant, id. 
9,9, 25: a spring which ts covered at 
jlcod-t., fons qui fluctu operiretur, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 53, 118° the t. began to ebb, coe- 
pit reciprocari mare, Curt. 9,9,20: Just. 
44,4: Vv. EBB. Fig.: 1. aestus, Us: 
a t. of genius has swept thee far from 
shore, te quasi quidam a. ingenii procul 
a terra abripuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 145: 
lest the tide of custom carry us away, 
ne nos 4. consuetudinis absorbeat, id. 
Leg. 2, 4, 9. 9. cursus, ts: the full 
t. of eloquence, eloquentia quae cursu 
magno sonituque ferretur, Cic. Or. 28, 
97: V. COURSE, STREAM. Phr.: he be- 
gan to swim with the t., se ad motus for- 
tunae coepit movere, Caes. B. C. 2, 17: 
to go with the t., prospero flatu fortunae 
uti, Cic. Off. 2,6, 16: the t. of the pros- 
perity of states ebbs and fiows, * opes 
civitatum crescunt ac decrescunt. ll. 
Time: tempus, Oris, n.: V. TIME. 

tide (v.:: to t. over a difficulty. ea 
quae premant facile transire, Cic. Fam. 

h iy 2 
? tidal: *quod aestu movetur: a t. 
estuary is thus described in Plin. Ep. 9, 
33: “fluminis aestuarium vice alterna 
prout aestus ant repressit aut impulit, 
nunc infertur mari, nunc redditur stag- 
no.” 

tidily ; munde: v. NEATLY. 

tidiness; munditia: v. NEATNESS. 

tidings: nuntius: v. News. Phr.: 
at the t. that Marcius was advancing 
into Cilicia, audito Marcium in Ciliciam 
tendere, Sall. Fragm.: Liv. 

tie (v.): 1. ligo, 1; alligo, 1: v. 
BIND (and compds.), FASTEN : also fig. : 
V. RESTRAIN. 2. nodo, 1: v. KNOT, 

3. cOptlo, 1: to t. an animal’s 

head to his foot, animalis caput c. ad 
pedes, Veg. Vet. 3, 49: t.d in marriage, 
copulati matrimonio, Ulp. Dig. 24, 1, 32: 
v. goin. Phr.: to t. one’s hair in a 
knot, colligere capillos in nodum, Ov. M. 
3, 170: to t. a knot, nodum nectere, Sen. 
Ep. 117, 313; astringere, Curt. 3, 1, 15: 
Vv. KNOT. 

tle (subs.): 1, cOpiila: the t. of 
marriage, c. nuptialis, App. M. 2, p. 
120: an unbroken t., irrupta c., Hor. Od. 
pte ath 9, vincilum: v. BOND, 

8, nodus: v. KNOT. 4, nécessi- 

tiido, inis, f. (¢. of blood or friendship) : 
that t. is thought light of, ea n. levis 
ducitur, Sall. J. 80: the t. of brother- 
hood, fraterna n., Cic. Quint. 4, 16: as- 
sociation in the quaestorship stands 
next to thet. of children, haec quaesturae 
conjunctio liberorum necessitudini prox- 
ima est, id. Fam. 13, 10, I. 5, con- 
junctio: ¢.s of blood bind men, sanguinis 
c. devincit homines, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 55. 
Phr.: j/amily t.s are closer, artior est 
colligatio societatis propinquorum, id. ib. 
I, 17, 53. 

tier: ordo, Inis, m.: v. ROW. 

tierce: tertia manus (¢. ¢. in fenc- 
ing): v. THRUST: for its other applica- 
tions v. THIRD. 

tiger, tigress: tigris, is or idis, 
comm, (iN prose, masc.: in poet. usu. 


fem.: ef. L. G. § 141, 2, Obs.): Pliv.: 


Virg.: Hor.: marked like a t., tigrinus, 
Plin, 13,15, 30: t.-rearing, tigrifer, Sid. : 
a t.-skin, tigris (discolor), Stat. Th. 9, 
686. 

tight: 1, strictus: a t. knot, s. 
nodus, Liv. 24, 7: a@ t. garment which 
shows the limbs, vestis s. et singulos 
artus exprimens, Tac. G. 17. O). 
astrictus: @ shoe that ts not t., soccus 
non a., Hor. Ep. 2, I, 174: (i. e. Loose): 
a shoe that galls (= ¢.) is calceus urens, 
id. Ep. 1, 10, 43. 8. restrictus: with 
goun neither t. nor flowing, toga neque 
restricta neque fusa, Suet. Aug. 73. 4, 
substrictus: a t. tunic, s. tunica, Gell. 
BL 12s 5, artus (arctus): a ¢. bridle, 
a. frenum, Tib. 4, 1, gt: t. fastenings, 
a. compages, Virg. Aen. I, 291: Cic.: 
Vv. CLOSE. 6. contentus (tense): a t. 
rope, c. funis, Hor. S. 2, 7, 20 (opp. to 
laxus). Phr.: t tie t., stringere, re- 


stringere (Hor. Od. 3, 5, 35): v. foll. 
art. and BIND. 
tighten: 1, stringo, nxi, ictum, 
3: to t. the reins, s habenas, Stat. Th. 
II, 513: V. BIND TIGHTLY. Q, astringo. 
nxi, ictum, 3: to t. his bonds by move 
ment, a. vincula motu, Ov. M. 11, 75: 
tot. a noose, laqueum a., Sen. Ira 3, 16, 2. 
3. contendo, di, sum, 3 (to draw 
together); to t. the bonds, c. vincula, 
Virg. G. 4, 412. Join: c, atque addu- 
cere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57. Phr.: tof. 
the reins, inhibere frenos, Liv. 1, 48. 
tightly: 1. stricte: Pall. 4, 8, 
25 strictim, id. 1, 13, 2. Q. arte- 
v. CLOSELY. 3, expr. usu. by adj. 
or vb. 
tightness: expr. by adj. or vb. 
tile (subs.): 1, tégila (¢. for a roof, 
etc.): not to leave a t., t. relinquere 
nullam, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5: to let down 
through the t.s, per tegulas demittere, 
id. Phil. 2, 18, 45: to live under the t.s, 
sub tegulis habitare, Suet. Gram. 9 (i. e. 
on the top story): a roof-t., t. colliciaris, 
Cato R. R. 14, 4: a t. that measures two 
Jeet, t. bipedalis, Vitr.7,1,6. 2, im- 
brex, icis, f. (once m, in Plin.: a pan- 
or gutter-t.): a storm has shattered the 
t.s, tempestas confringit vegulas i.que, 
Pl. Most. 1, 2, 28: Virg.: shaped 
like a t., imbricatim (adv.), Plin. 
3, testa: to floor with stones or t.s, 
lapide aut t. substernere, Varr. R. R. 2, 
3, 6: Vitr. 2, 8, 19: adj. testaceus : 
t. work, t. opus, Plin. Ep. to, 46. 4. 
tesséra (a checker for pavements): @ 
large t., t. grandis, Vitr. 7, 1,5. Dimin.: 
tessella: so also Abactlus, Plin.: v. 
CHECKER, MOSAIC. 5, pavimentum : 
houses covered with t.s, aedificia tecta 
pavimentis, Auct. B. Alex.1. 4, later, 
éris, m.: dimin., laterciilus: v. BRICK. 
tile (v.): expr. by tegulis tegere, 
substernere, etc.: v. preced. art.: a t.d 
roof, tegulicia attegia, Inscr. 
tiler; no class. expr.: Kr. gives con- 
tegulator (Jurisct.); tegularius (Gloss.): 
Quich. has figulus ab imbricibus (Inscr.) 
= tile-maker. 
tiling: expr. by tegulae (pl.): v. 
TILE. 
till (prep.): usque ad: v. UNTIL, 
till (v.): cdlo, célui, cultum, 3: v. 
CULTIVATE. 
tillage: cultus, tis: cultiira: v. cuL- 
TIVATION, AGRICULTURE. 
tiller: |, A cultivator: cultor : 
V. CULTIVATOR. |]. Handle of a rud- 
der: ansa gubernaculi, Vitr. 10, 3 (8), 5: 
or clavus (lt. the handle which is prob. 
always employed for the whole rudder), 
Virg. Aen. 5, 177: V. RUDDER. 
tilt (subs.): |. A covering: perh. 
velum : v. AWNING: arcéra was a covered 
waggon for the sick: Varr.: Non. 
I]. Atlitary combat: v. TOURNA- 
MENT. Phr.: he urges his horse full-t. 
against the consul himself, equum in 
ipsum infestus consulem dirigit, Liv. 


2, 6. 

tilt(v.): |. Toraise up one end of: 
proclino, 1 (?): to t. a casi, * p. dolium. 

Il. Zo combat with lances: perh. 

*celebrare certamen equitum hastis 
concurrentium, Politian. Ep. 12,6(quoted 
by R. and A.). [N.B—Avoid *hasti- 
ludium:; v. TOURNAMENT. } 

timber: 1], matéria or matéries, 
ei, f.: to cut down t., caedere m., Caes. 
B.G. 3, 29: Vitr. 2, 9 (q. v.): hence 
matériari, to procure t., Caes. B. G. 7, 
73: adj., materiarius: a t. merchant, 
m. negotiator, Inscr.: or simply m., Pl. 
Mil. 3, 3, 46. 2, tignum: detined 
in Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 62, as “ omne 
genus materiae:’? usu. a LOG, BEAM. 

3, lignum (usu as opp. to materia, 

firewood: a piece of t.): V. WOOD. 
Phr.: the t. trade, lignaria negotiatio, 
Capit. Pert. 1, 1: the t. market, inter 
lignarios, Liv. 35, 41, extr. (?). 

timbrel: tympanum : 
BOURINE. 

time (subs.): |, Time generally, 
season, opportunity : 1, tempus, Oris, 
n. (answering to most uses of Eng, time): 
t. is a part of eternity, tempus est pars 


Vv. TAM= 


TIME 


TIME-SERVING 





quaedam aeternitatis, Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 39: 
all my t. is open for my reading, omne 
t. mihi est ad meos libros vacuum, id. 
Rep. 1, 9,14: I had foretold that they 
would come at that t., praedixeram ad id 
temporis venturos, id. Cat. 1, 4, 10: de- 
vouring t., t. edax rerum, Ov. M. 15, 234: 
now is the opportunity and t., nunc 
occasio’st et t., Pl. Ps. 4, 2, 3: wt is quite 
t. for him to go home, t. maxume est ut 
eat domum, id. Mil. 4, 3, 8: itis t. for 
you to depart, t. abire tibi est, Hor. Ep. 
2, 2, 215: Ihave no t., non est mihi t., 
id. Sat. 2, 4, 1: at a most dangerous t. 
for the republic, in periculosissimo rei- 
publicae tempore, Cic. Flace. 3, 6: 
doubtful and dangerous t.s, dubia formi- 
dolosaque tempora, id. Verr. 5, I, I: 
I wrote three books about my (critical) t., 
scripsi tres libros de t. meis, id. Fam. 1, 
9, 23: with a gerundive: the ¢. for join- 
ing battle, t. committendi proelii, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 19: to spend t., t. sumere, con- 
sumere, degere : Cic.: to waste t., t. per- 
dere: Cic. There are several adverbial 
uses: (i.) tempore (tempori, temperi) : 
to perform one’s duties in t., conficere 
officia temperi, Pl. Rud. 4, 2, 16: 7 will 
renew my recommendation, but at a 
convenient t., ego renovabo commenda- 
tionem sed tempore, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 1: 
in t. the oxen come to the plough, tempore 
veniunt ad aratra juveuci, Ov. (ii.) in 
tempore : unless the infantry had come 
up to help just in t., nisi pedites in t. 
subvenissent, Liv. 33. 5. (iii.) ad tem- 
pus : to return at the right t., ad t. redire, 
Cic. Att. 13, 45, 2: which is generally 
short and for a t., quae plerumque 
brevis est et ad t., id. Off. 1, 18, 27. 
(iv.) in tempus: a stage built for the t., 
scena in t. structa, Tac. A. 14, 20. (v.) 
per tempus: you could’nt have come 
more at the right t., non potuisti magis 
per t. advenire, Pl. Men. 1, 2, 30. Dy 
tempestas, atis, /., (a limited portion 0, 
t., @ season): at th» t. when the Cartha- 
gintan came into Italy, qua tempestate 
Poenus in Italiam venit, Cic. de Or. 3, 
38, 153: there was a t. when, t. fuit 
quum, Pl. True. 2, 4, 29: (the prevail- 
ing use of tempestas for time is in the 
ablat.). 3, dies, ei (space, length of t. ; 
generally fem. in this use): that the 
dishonesty of the men may be weakened 
even by t., ut improbitas hominum in- 
fringatur ipsa die, Cic. Fam. 1,6, 1. ‘ 
aetas, atis, f., (age, period, generation) : 
the heroic t.s, heroicae aetates, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 3, 7: in poetry of tume generally: 
t. brings all things, omnia fert ae., 
Virg. E. 9, 51. 5, aevum (mostly 
poetical): they passed their t., degebant 
ae., Lucr. 5, 1439: to all t., in ae., 
Hor. Od. 4, 14, 3- 6. séctilum (an 
age): the licence of this t., licentia hujus 
seculi, Cic. Cael. 20, 48: to hand down to 
all t., in secula mittere, Luc. 10, 533. 

7, spatium (space, period); in a 
short t., in brevi spatio, Ter. Heaut. 5, 
2,2: you have forced me from my ap- 
pointed t. for the defence into the limits 
of one half hour, me ex constituto spa- 
tio defensionis in curriculum semihorae 
coegisti, Cic. Rab. perd. 2, 6. 8, in- 
tervallum (interval): that I might see 
you after so long a t., ut te tanto inter- 
vallo viderem, Cic. Fam. 14, 15, 2. i 
occasio, Onis, f., (suitable t.): to seize the 
t., occasionem capere, Pl. Ps. 4, 3,2: v. OP- 
PORTUNITY. 10, Otium (leisure): that 
I may have t. for drinicing, 0. ad potan- 
dum ut habeam, Ter. Ph. 5, 5, 3: / have 
not t. to listen, non otium’st mi auscul- 
tandi, id. Ad. 3, 3,65. 11, mora (wait- 
ing, respite): grief is ended by t., dolor 
finitus est m., Ov. Pont. 4, 11, 14: [had 
a little t., habui paullulum morae, Cic. 
Fam. 12, 12, 2. Phr.: a little t. be- 
fore, after: paullo ante, post: in the 
mean t., interim, interea: at another t., 
alias: at the right, wrong t., tempestive 
(opportune), intempestive (tnopportune) : 
at t.s, interdum, nonnunquam: many 
t.s, saepius: ts out of number, sex- 
centies : three, four t.s, etc., ter, quater, 
etc.: from t. to t., identidem: for the 
first t., primum: (in these adverbial 





English): a leading philosopher of our 
t., priuceps hujus memoriae philoso- 
phorum, Cic. Off. 3, 2, 5° in former t.s, 
superiore memoria, id. Balb. 11, 27: at 
an excellent t., optima opportunitate, 
Pl. Epid. 2, 2, 19: Go fast; S. Nay, 
Tul take my t., ambuia cito; S. Immo 
otiose volo, PL Ps. 4, 1, 14: you come 
before your t., numero bue advenis, Pl. 
Men. 2 2, 14: to tell the rest would take 
t., si alia memorem mora est, id. Capt. 
4, 2, 126: there is no t. to lose, maturato 
opus est, Liv.: I have always t. for 
philosophy, philosophiae semper vaco, 
Cic. Div. 1, 6, 11: to ask for t. (delay), 
*petere moras, ut res differatur: not to 
waste t. ne morer, Cic.: to waste t., 
trahere moras, Virg. Aen. 10, 888: while 
Cato was speaking against t., Catone 
dicendi mora dies extrabente, Caes. B. C. 
I, 32: Il. Time of the day: hora, 


what t. is it? bh. quota est? Hor. S. 2, 6, | 
|Caes. B. G. §, 12. 
| *fodina stanni or plumbi albi. t.-vare 


44: to ask the t., quaerere horas, Plin. 

II]. Musical measure: 1, tem- 
pus, Oris, n.: the trochee, which in t. and 
intervals is equal to the iambus, tro- 
chaeus qui temporibus et intervallis 
par est iambo, Cic. Or. 57, 194. A 
nimérus (regularity, t. in music): they 
raise their arms in t., brachia tollunt in 


numerum, Virg. G. 4,175: as in music t., | 
| perh. *decoctio, liquor medicatus- a t. 


tune, and key, ut in musicis numeri et 
voces et modi, Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 187. 
Phr.: the maidens advanced beating ¢. 


with their feet to what they sang, | 


virgines sonum vocis pulsu pedum mo- 
dulantes incesserunt, Liv. 27, 37: to beat 
t. with the fingers, digitorum ictu inter- 
valla signare, Quint. 9, 4, 51: fo keep t., 
servare ictum, Hor. Od. 4, 6, 36: to step 
in t., numerosos ponere gressus, Oy. Pont. 
4, 2, 33. 

time (v.): Phr.: to t. a speaker, 
*orationem clepsydra metiri: having 
been t.d to speak during twelve run- 
nings of the glass, I had four more 
allowed me, duodecim clepsydris quas 
acceperam additae sunt quatuor, Plin. 
Ep. 2, 11, 14. 

timeliness : tempestivitas, atis, f. : 
each age has its t., sua cuique parti 
aetatis t. est data, Cic. de Sen. 10, 33: v. 
SEASONABLEN ESS. 

timely (adj.): 1. tempestivus : to 
allow boys their t. sport, tempestivum 
pueris concedere ludum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
142. 2. opportiinus: J have never 
seen anything more t., nihil opportunius 
vidi, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1. 8, matuirus 
(in good time, early): at. sowing, ma- 
tura satio, Col.: the father will behold 
the t. honours of his son, maturos pater 
nati spectabit honores, Ov. Pont. 2, 1, 
59. Phr.: you were happy, Agricola, 
not only in a glorious life, but also in 
a t. death, tu felix, Agricola, non vitae 
tantum claritate sed etiam opportuni- 
tate mortis, Tac. Agr. 44. 

timely (adv.): it 
Cic. 2, opportiine: Cic. 
tire: Cic. 

timepiece: horarium, hordlogium, 
clepsydra: v. CLOCK. 

— -server : lévis, inconstans, mu- 
tabilis : v. FICKLE, CHANGEABLE: also, 
homo temporum: Curt. (Kr.): Phr.: 
Thave in no wise been a t., nihil est a me 
inservitum temporis causa, Cic. Fam. 6, 
12,2: to be a ¢., tempori turpiter ser- 
vire (after Cic. Sest. 6, 14, where tempori 
servire occurs, but in a good sense): 
*inter utramque partem studium al- 
ternare (of a wavering ally): you were 
a clever t., scisti uti foro, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 
29: if my hearers are inclined one way, 
1 turn t., and go with the breeze, si 
auditores propendent, ad id unde aliquis 
flatus ostenditur vela do, Cic. de Or. 2, 

187. 
ae -serving (subs.): lévitas, in- 
constantia, mObilftas: v. CHANGEABLE- 
NEsS, FICKLENESS: * animus temporibus 
serviens (Kr.): what is more disgraceful 
than fickleness and t,? quid est incon- 
stantia, mobilitate, levitate turpius? Cic. 
Phil. 4, 3,9. Phr.: for nearly a hun- 


tempestive : 
8. ma- 











TINSEL 


Liv. 6, 2. 

timid: 1, timidus: unwarlike 
and t. men, imbelles timidique, Cic, Off. 
I, 24, 83. 9. trépidus, anxius (in 
actual fear), igna&vus, (spiritless): v. 
FEARFUL, COWARDLY. 

timidity : 1, timditas, atis, 7: 
alarm, t., fear, cowaidice, formido, t., 
pavor, iguavia, Cic. Tusc. 5,18,22. 2, 
diibitatio, Gnis, f.: the t. and delays of 
the senate, d. et morae senati, Sall. J. 30 
V. FEAR. 

timorous: 1. pavidus: thet. hare, 
p. lepus, Hor. Epod. 2, 35. 9. figax, 
acis, (apt to flee; esp. of animuls): at 
goat, f. caprea, Virg. Aen. 10, 724: V. 
TIMID, FEARFUL. 

tin: 1, stannum:l'lin. 2, plum- 
bum album: ¢. is produced there (in 
Britain), nascitur ibi plumbum album 
Phr.. a t-mine 


*vasa ex stanno or plumbo albo efficta 


|(Kr.): a t.-box, pyxis stannea, Plin. 


made of t., *stanneus, ex plumbo albo 
factus (Kr.). 

tincture (subs.): |, Colour: v. 
coLoug. ||, Extract of the finer parts. 
liguid essence of anything: *tinctira: 


of worm-wood, * liquor absinthio medi- 
catus, II]. A slight taste: v. TASTE. 
Fig.: let him have a t. of learning, 
sit litteris tinctus, Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 85: 
with a slight t. of Greek learning, \ixte- 
rulis Graecis imbutus, Hor. Ep. 2, <. 7 

tincture (v.): leviter coloro, tingo, 
imbuo: v. TO pYE, TO COLOUR. 

tinder: fomes, itis, m.: he caught 
the flame in the t., rapuit in fomite 
flammam, Virg. Aen. 1, 176: he rouses 
the weak flames by applying t., excitat 
invalidas admoto fomite flammas, Luc. 
8,776. Phr.: a ¢. box, igniarium, Plin. 

tinge: ], tingo, oxi, ctum, 3: 
he t.d the knives with blood, tinxit sam- 
guine cultros, Ov. M. 7,599. 2, imbuo, 
ui, tum, 3: substances t.d with colour, 
corpora tincta colore, Lucr. 2, 734: ¥. 
TO COLOUR. 

tingle: 1. formico, 1 (to feel a 
creeping, ant-like tickling) : till the skin 
t., donec formicet cutis, Plin. 30, 13, 41. 

9. vermino, 1: the ear itches and 

é:s, prurigine verminat auris, Mart. 14, 


2B ax 3, prurio: v. TO ITCH. 4. 

*ferveo (to glow with pain). 
tingling: 1, formicatio: Plin. 
Q. pruritus, Us: Vv. ITCHING. 3. 


*fervor (painful t., as after a blow). 

tinker: *aéneorum faber,- refector, 
sartor (maker or mender of pots). 

tinkle: 1, tinnio, ivi or ii, itam 
4: the bell t.s, tinnit tintinnabulum, PL 
Trin. 4, 2, 162. 2. crépito, 1 (the 
context deterinining the sound): the 
metal leaf t.d in the gentle breeze, leni 
crepitabat bractea vento, Virg. Aen. 6, 
209: they had not yet heard the swords 
t. (ring) on the hard anvils, necdum 
audierant duris crepitare incudibus 
enses, id. G. 2, 540. 

tinkling* J, tinnitus, is: make 
a t., tinnitus cie, Virg. G. 4, 64. 2 
crépitus, iis: a ¢. (clinking) Jrom the 
motion of the bit, c, e motu frenorum, 
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 12- 

tinman: artifex plumbarius: Vitr.: 
plumbarius, simply Dig. 

tinsel: j. Li: 1, bractea 
(metal leaf): Virg. 9. bractedla: to 
scrape off a bit of t. from Castor’s 
image, b. de Castore ducere, Juv. 13, 
152. Phr.: t.’d robes, cloth with t., 
*vestes auro (argento) intextae, pannus 
auro (arg.) micans, speciosus. il. 
Fig.: gaudy show: ], bractea: the 
t. of eloquence, b. eloquentiae, Sol. 
praef. 2. 9, species: to employ t. 
and ornament in speaking, adhibere in 
dicendo speciem atque pompam, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 72. 244- 3, fiicus (lit. paint): 
without t. or trickery, sine fuco ac fal- 
laciis, Cic. Att. 1, 1,1. Phr.:at. hap 

863 


TLE 


TIRE-WOMAN 


TITLE 








press, bracteata felicitas, Sen. Ep. 115: 
to distinguish t. from true metal, fucata 
a veris internosci, Cic. Am. 25, 95. 
tip (subs.) : 1, cactmen, inis, 7. : 
t.s of boughs, cacumina ramorum, Caes. 
B.G.7,73. Q, aciimen, inis, n. (a sharp 
point): the t, of a cone, a. coni, Lucr. 4, 
432. 3. apex, icis, m.: the t. (point) 
of a reaping-hook, a, falcis, Col. 4, 
extremum: @ missile with shaft of fir- 
wood, round throughout, except at the tip, 
which was shod with tron, missile telum 
hastili abiegno et cetera tereti praeter- 
quam ad extremum unde ferrum exsta- 
bat, Liv. 21, 8. Phr.: the t.s of the 
Jingers, extremi digiti, Cic. Coel. 12, 28: 
the t. of the tail, e. cauda, Virg.: the t.s 
of the fingers, digituli primores, Pl. Bac. 
4, 4, 24: the sharp t. of the nose, nasi 
primoris acumen, Lucr. 6, 1192: the ¢. 
of the tongue, prima lingua, Plin.: the 
deer show scarce the t.s of their horns 
above (the snow), cervi summis vix cor- 
nibus exstant, Virg. G. 3, 370: (of these 
adjectives prefer summus if the tip be 
also the top, extremus for hindermost, 
as with cauda). 
tio (v.): |. To give a head to: 
praefigo, xi, xum, 3 (to fix at the end): 
darts td with iron, jacula praefixa ferro, 
Liv. 26, 4: a lance t.’d with pointed iron, 
ferro p. robur acuto, Virg. Aen. Io, 479. 
Phr.: to t. with a point, acuere, ex- 
acuere, praeacuere: v. TO SHARPEN. 
I], Zo edge with light or colour: 
*praetexo, tingo, incingo: the sun t.s the 
Aills with gold, *sol auricomo praetexit 
lumine colles; tingit summa montium 
lumine: a flomer t.’d with crimson, *flos 
purpurea incinctus ora (cf. Cat. 64, 309). 
Ill. To t. up, over, to incline: *verto, 
inverto, inclino; vergo (both trans, and 
intrans.): the foaming goblets are t.’d 
over, spumantes paterae verguntur, Stat. 
Th. 6, 211: vessels horizontally placed 
or t.’d right over, vasa prona et vergentia, 
Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 6. 
tippet: perh. *eollare (collar): 
Phr.: wearing a t. that reaches to tie 
elbows, *curto quodam palliolo cubitis 
tenus involutus. 
tivple: 1, poto, 1: he ts and 
perfumes himself at my cost, potat, olet 
unguenta de meo, Ter. Ad. I, 2, 37. 
2. perpoto, 1: he was t.ing whole 
days, totos dies perpotabat, Cic. Verr. 5, 
33, 87. 
tippler: 1, potator: great ts, 
potatores maxumi, Pl. Men. 2, 1, 34. 
2. potor: soaking t.s, potores bi- 
buli, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 9t. 8. bibtilus 
(drinking freely): a t. of Falernian 
wine from noon, b, media de luce Fal- 
erni, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 34. 4, ébridsus: 
V. DRUNKARD. 
tippling: 1, podtatio, Onis, f.: a 
Jeasting or t., prandium aut p., Pl. Bac. 
I, I, 46. 2. perpotatio: drunken t.s, 
Intemperantissimae perpotationes, Cic. 
Pis. 10, 22. 
tipsily; temtlenter: Col. 
tipsy: 1. @bridlus: they depart 
sad and t., tristes atque e. abscedunt, PI. 
Care 25 315% 9. témiilentus: a ¢. 
woman, t. mulier, Ter. Andr. 1, 4, 2. 
8. vindsus: as t. Pyrrhia carries 
the ball of stolen wool, ut vinosa glomos 
furtivae Pyrrhia lanae, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 
14: V. DRUNKEN. 
tiptoe: |. Lit-: Phr.: short 
persons stand on t., statura breves in di- 
gitos eriguntur, Quint. 2, 3, 8: to wall 
on t., summmis digitis ambulare, Sen. Ep. 
Itt, 3: to wall softly on t., suspenso 
gradu placide ire, ler. Ph. 5, 6, 27: v. 
TOE. ll. Fig.: Phr.: when the com- 
mons were standing on the t. of expecta- 
tion, qnum plebs erecta expectatione 
staret, Liv. 2, 54: they are on the t. of 
expectation and anaiety, erecti suspen- 
sique animo intenduntur, Liv. 1, 25. 
tirade: déclamatio, Onis, fi: a ¢ in 
common and well-known style, vulgaris et 
pervagata d., Cic. Planc. 19,47. Phr.: 
that madman who had uttered a violent 
t. against me, ille insanus qui contra me 
vehementissime declamasset, id. Verr. 
4, 66, 149: he had chosen me for the 
864 








ebject of his t.s, bic we in quem in- 
veheretur delegerat, id. Fam. 7, 2, 3: 
oratorical t., rhetorum pompa, id. Tusc. 
4, 21, 48: the showy style of spealcing 
rather t. than argument, epidicticum 
genus orationis, pompae quam pugnae 
aptius, id. Or. 13, 42. 

tire (subs.): |. For the head : vitta, 
tiara: ¥.HEAD-DREsS. |, For a wheel: 
*circilus. Phr.: wheels with iron t.s, 
ferrati rotarum orbes, Lucr. 6, 551: 
Virg. G. 3, 361: io put at.on a wheel, 
*lamina rotam circumligare (cf. Caes. 
B. C. 2, ro). 

tire (v.): A. Trans.: 1, f3- 
tigo, 1: when they had t.d themselves 
with fighting, cum pugna semet ipsi 
fatigassent, Liv. 8, 10: prosperity t.s the 
wise, prosperae res sapientiun: animos f., 
Sall. C.11. 9, defatigo, 1 (to t. out): 
when fresh relays came up and t.d out 
our men with the unremitting labour, 
cum integri succederent nostrosque as- 
siduo labore defatigarent, Caes. B. G. 7, 
41: [will work till Iam dead t.d, opus 
faciam ut defatiger usque, Ter. Eun. 2, 
I, 14. 3, lasso, 1: to t. the arms, 1. 
brachia, Prop. 4, 8, 67. 4, délasso, 1: 
t.d with toil, labore delassatus, Pl. Asin. 
5,2, 22: the rest is enough to t. out the 
chattering Fabius, cetera d. valent io- 
quacem Fabium, Hor. S. 1, 1, 14. B. 
Intrans.: 1, défétiscor, 3: nor 
will I t. of trying, neque defetiscar ex- 
peririer, Ter. Ph. 4, 1, 23. 9. défa- 
tigor, 1: I will never vest or t. before I 
have learnt, nunquam conquiescam ne- 
que defatigabor ante quam percepero, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 36, 145: Vv. TO WEARY. 
Phr.: sot.d was I of the company and 
the talk, ita me convivii sermonisque 
taesum est, Pl. Most. 1, 4, 4: J am t.d 
of hearing the same thing a thousand 
times, taedet jam audire eadem milliens, 
Ter. Ph. 3,2, 2: to t. any one, esse taedio 
alicui, Plin.: so that our hearers be not 
t.d by a wearying sameness, ne ii satien- 
tur qui audient fastidio similitudinis, Cic. 
de Or. 3, 50, 193: even this turn has t.d 
me, vel me haec deambulatio ad languo- 
rem dedit, Ter. Heaut. 4,6, 3: he t.s you 
with constantly wanting praise, impor- 
tunus amat laudari, Hor. Sat. 2, 5, 96. 

tire (v.): to dress the head: ornare 
caput, Vulg. in Reg. ii. 9, 30: v. To 
DRESS, TO ADORN. 

tired: 
exertion): t. oxen, boves fatigati, Hor. 
Od. 3, 6, 43. 2. fessus (also by suffer- 
ing or enduring): t. by trouble and 


1, fatigatus (by active | 





travel, f. curaque viaque, Ov. M. 11, | 


274: to come t.d off a journey, de via ft. 
esse, Cic. Acad. 1, I, I. 3. défessus : 
we are both t., I of being beaten, he of 
beating, ego vapulando ille verberando 


usque ambo defessi sumus, Ter. Ad. 2, | 


7B 4. lassus: J came t. off my 
journey, 1. veni de via, Pl. Ps. 2, 2, 66: 
t. of sea and travel and soldiering, 1. 
maris et viarum militiaeque, Hor. Od. 2, 
6,77: Vv. WEARY. Phr.: it resulted from 
the enemy’s being t., defatigatione hos- 
tium factum est, Caes. B. G. 3, 19. 
tiresome: 1, laboridsus (totl- 
some): a most t. task, opus laboriosissi- 
mum, Liv. 5, 19. Q. difficilis (diffi- 
cult, hard to deal with): nothing is 
so easy but that it is t. when you do 
it against your will, nulla est res tam 
facilis quin difficilis siet quam invitus 
facias, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 1: a t. old 
man, d. senex, ib. 3, 2, 24. 3, mo- 
lestus (trying to the patience): don’t 
be tiresome, molestus ne sies, Pl. Asin. 
2, 4, 63: @ laborious and t. task, labor 
operosus ac molestus, Cic. N. D. 2, 
23, 59. 4, importinus (¢. by being 


| mal-a-propos): I own she is t. and 


troublesome, fateor eam esse importu- 
nam atque incommodam, Pl. Asin. 1, 1, 
47 Phr.: @ €. business, lentum nego- 
tium, Cic.: to be ¢. to any one, alicui 
negotium facessere, Cic.: molestiam af- 
ferre, Ter.: see what a tiresome old 
crone she is, importunitatem spectate 
aniculae, Ter. Andr. I, 4, 4. 
tire-woman: ], ornatrix, icis,/. : 
let not your t. suffer, tuta sit o.,Ov. A. A. 








3. 239. 2. ancilla, ministra (the con, 
text showing that the maid is a ¢t.): her 
t. as she combs her hair in the morning, 
matutinos pectens ancilla capillos, Ov. 
AAT; 367) 1bA3 156 

tiring: 1, liboridsus: nothing is 
more t. end troublesome than a province, 
nihil laboriosius molestiusque provincia, 
Cic. Leg. 3, 8, 19. 2. Opérodsus: such 
t. work should have its own proper 
officer, rem operosam suo proprio magis- 
tratu egere, Liv. 4, 8. 8. difficilis: 
a t.and steep ascent, d. et arduus as- 
census, Caes. B. C. 2, 34: 4, lentus 
(slow); t. service, lentae militiae, Tib. 1, 
3,82. Phr.: a siege is often more t. to 
the besiegers than to the besieged, op- 
pugnatio obsidentibus prius saepe quam 
obsessis taedium affert, Liv. 34, 34: he 
is an intolerably t. speaker, * est quem 
nec patienter nec sine taedio audias. 

tiro: 1. tiro, Onis, m.: Cic. Q, 
ridis (freq. joined with tiro): he was 
ne mere t. in provincial government, 
non provinciae rudis erat et tiro, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 6, 17: I own that he must be 
experienced and in no respect a mere t., 
or unaccustomed and strange to pleading, 
fateor callidum quendam hunc et nulla 
in re tironern ac rudem nec peregrinum 
atque hospitem in agendo esse debere, 
id. de Or. 1, 50, 218. 8. elementa, 
orum, 7. (beginners): t.s wili hardly 
venture to raise their hopes to the attain- 
ment of the highest perfection in elo- 
quence, Vix se prima el. ad spem tollere 
effingendae quam summam putant elo- 
quentiae audebunt, Quint. 1,2, 26. 4, 
tirunctilus: this induced me, though 
quite a t. (in art criticism), to buy the 
statue, quod me quanquam tirunculum 
sollicitavit ad emendum signum, Plin. 
Ep. 3, 6, 4. 

tissue: 1, textus, ts: things fine 
in t., tenuia textu, Lucr. 4,730. 2, 
téla: Dido had woven into the t. threads 
of gold, Dido tenui telas discreverat 
auro, Virg. Aen. 4, 264: Vv. TEXTURE, 
wes. Phr.: @ t. of falsehoods, * con- 
tinuata mendaciorum series, narratio ex 
mendaciis contexta: he had told a t. of 
improbabilities, mera monstra nuntiarat, 
Cic. Att. 4, 7, 1. 

tit-bit: 1, cuppédia, orum, 7. pl. 
(no sing.): I do not care for t.s, nil 
moror cuppedia, Pl. Stich. 5, 4,22. Q2. 
mattea (a dainty dish): Suet. Bs 
scitamenta, orum, ”. pl. (no sing.): te 
buy some t. from the market, aliquid 
scitamentorum de foro obsonarier, Pl 
Men. 1, 3, 26. Pkhr.: delicate t.s, mol- 
liculae escae, Pl.: J will pick out all 
the t.s, unum quicquid quod erit bellis- 
simum carpam, Ter. Ad, 4, 2, 51. 

tithe (subs.): 1. décima: as 
much t. as the t.-farmer declared due, 
so much must the tiller of the land pay, 
quantum decumanus edidisset aratorem 
sibi dare oportere, ut tantum arator de- 
cumano dare cogeretur, Cic. Verr. 3, 10, 
25: ts being imposed, impositis d., ib. 
39, 88. 2. décima pars: J vow fo 
thee, Apollo, a t. ef the spoil, tibi, Apollo, 
decimam partem praedae voveo, Liv. 5, 
2x. Phr.: farmers of t.s, decumani, 
Cic.: corn liable to t., decumanum fru- 
mentum, Cic.: land that pays t., decu- 
manus ager, Cic.: decumates agri, Tac. 
Germ. 29. 

tithe (v.): déciimas impono: Cie. 
Verr. 3, 39, 88. [Nore.—decimo, 1: 
only occurs of decimation. } 

titheable: déctimanus: 
decuma vectigalis: Cic. 

titillate; v. TO TICKLE. 

tit-lark ;*alauda pratensis : Linn. 

title: |. An inscription: 1, ti- 


ex parte 


| ttulus (inscription, t. of book, name, 


pretext): he built an altar, with a 
long t. recording his achievements, 
aram condidit cum ingenti rerum ab se 
gestarum titulo, Liv. 28, 46: the ¢. and 
name of a book, t. nomenque libelli, 
Ov. R. Am. 1: whom vf this t. pleases, 
quos si hic titulus delectat, Cic. ‘usc. 
5, 10, 30. Fig.: under an honour- 
t., sub honorificentissimo titulo, 
Vell. 2, 45. 2. index, icis, m. (label 


TITLED 


attached to a book, inscription under 
statue): deceived by the t.s of the books, 
deceptus indicibus librorum, Cic. de Or. 
2, 14, 61: @ tablet was pul up with the 
following t., tabula cum indice hoc posita 
est, Liv. 41,28. 3, inscriptio, Onis, /.: 
for your question about the t., I do not 
doubt that xa8jxov means “duty,” but 
“On duties” is a fuller t., quod de i. 
quaeris non dubito quin xa$j«or officium 
sit, sed i. plenior de officiis, Cic. Att. 16, 
11,4. 4, praescriptio, Onis, f. (heading 
of a law): the t.of a law, p. legis, Cic, 
Agr. 2, 9, 22: that they might cloke a most 
disgraceful deed by a fair t., ut honesta 
praescriptione rem turpissimam teger- 
ent, Caes. B. C. 3, 32. Phr.: they give 
the books the t. of rhetorical, libellos 
rhetoricos inscribunt, Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 
122. I]. A name, an appellation : 
1, nomen, inis, n. (name, ground) : 
the youths have given me the t. of Brush, 
hed nomen fecit Peniculo mihi, PI. 
en. 1, 1, 1: under another t. and from 
another cause, alio nomine et alia de 
causa, Cic. Rose. Com. 14, 40. 2. ap- 
pellatio, onis, f.: he wished by this empty 
t. to be equal to us, voluit appellatione hac 
inani nobis esse par, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 4. 
II]. An appellation of honour . , 
dignitas, atis, /. Bent): I congratulate 
you on the t. you now have, gratulor tibi 
praesenti tua dignitate, Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 4. 
2. ornamenta, orum, n. (externals) : 
distinctions and t.s of honour, honoris 
insignia atque o., Cic. Sull. 31, 88. |V. 
Aclaim of right: vindiciae : Cic. Phr.: 
to asseri a t. to freedom, postulare vin- 
dicias secundum libertatem, Liv. 3, 44: 
to assert one’s t. to a thing, vindicare 
aliquid pro suo, Cic.: the senate allowed 
your t., concessit senatus postulationi 
tuae, Cic. Mur. 23, 47: to resist a per- 
son’s t., p. resistere, Cic.: you have no t. 
to what you claim, *haec contra jus 
(sine jure, injuste) vindicas. 
titled ; nobilis (high-born): born of 
a t. family, nobili genere natus, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 70, 180. 
title-deed: instrumentum auctori- 
tatis: Scaev.: or perh. ~*auctoritas 
(document warranting possession): or, 
if the context make it plain, *mem- 
branulae (parchments). 
——-page: “index membranula: v. 
TITLE. 
tit-mouse: *parus: Auct. Carm. de 
Phil.: Linn. 
titter; no exact word: v. LAUGH: 
the context may sometimes make risus 
an equivalent: the ¢. that betrays the 
hiding-place of the girl, latentis proditor 
risus puellae, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 21: the 
girlish company t.’d, *virginei coetus 
presso tremuere cachinno labra. 
tittle: *punctum, minima pars. 
Phr.: nor is a t. of the weight lost, nec 
defit ponderis hilum, Lucr. 3, 221. 
tittle-tattle ; sermunciilus (mostly 
an pl.): the t. of the town, urbani ser- 
munculi, Cic. Deiot. 12, 33: to be led 
away by t. and nonsense, sermunculis 
fabellisque duci, Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 4: v. 
CHATTER. 
titular : *nomen sine honore habens, 
nomine non re (Kr.): Phr.: ¢. king, 
*nomine non re rex, inahem regii no- 
minis titulum gerens. 
to: A.Iuspace: |, Direction 
towards without motion: 1, ad (antith. 
to ab): (part of Gaul) lies to the north, 
vergit ad septentriones, Caes, B. G. I, 1: 
the part which looked to the strait, pars 
quae ad fretum spectaret, Cic. Verr. 5, 
66, 159: sometimes specto is used with 
acc. without the prep.: Acarnania lies 
to the west, Acarnania solem occidentem 
spectat, Liv. 33, 17. Fig.: he looks to 
his own glory rather than the safety of 
the state, ad suam magis gloriam spectat 
quam ad salutem rei publicae, Cic. Sest. 
16, 3]: V. TO REGARD. Joined with 
versus: that part of the Esquiliae which 
looks to the vicus pairictus, ea pars 
Esqniliarum quae jacet ad vicum pa- 
tricium v., Fest.: Varr. 2. in (with 
acc. antith. to ex): the Belgae lie to the 
north west, Belgae spectant in septen- 





TO 


TO 





triones et occidentem solem, Cues. B. G. 


eae 8. versus (looking towards) ; 
looking to the temple of Quirinus, ¥. 
aedem Quirini, Liv. 8, 20. 4, some- 
times adversus (-versus, or -sum): VY. 
OPPOSITE TO. 5, erga (looking towards, 
rare): Plaut. Truc. 2,4,52. 6, expr. 
by adv. of direction, huc, illuc, eo, ete. : 
looking this way and that, huc atque 
illuc intuens, Cic, de Or. 1, 40, 184. 
Fig.: to what do all these words tend? 
quorsum haec omnis spectat oratio? id. 
Phil. 7, 9, 26. ||. Direction towards 
with motion (with or without the idea of 
arrival): 1, ad: (i.) without the idea 
of arrival: the hills and plains seem 
flying lo the ships, fugere ad puppes 
colles campique videntur, Lucr. 4, 390: 
with versus: he bids Labienus direct 
his march to the ocean, Labienum ad 
oceanum vy. proficisci jubet, Caes. B. G, 
6, 33: Vv. TOWARDS, (ii.) with the idea 
of arrival: since the time I came to 
Rome, ut veni ad urbem, Cic. Fam. 16, 





12, 2: with usque (all the way): he | 


came up to the enemy’s camp, u. ad 


castra hostium accessit, Caes. B. G. 1, 51. | 


Fig.: to be scourged to death, virgis 
ad necem caedi, Cic. Verr. 3, 29, 10: 
usque ad necem deverberasse, Ter. Ph. 
2, 2, 13: he wnroofed the temple to the 
half, aedem ad dimidiam partem de- 
texit, Liv. 42, 3. The whole space 
traversed is indicated by the words 
dependent on ab and ad: they sailed 
from Dianium to Sinope, usque a 
Dianio ad Sinopen navigarunt, Cic. Verr. 
I, 34, 87. Tomy, thy, ete. house : 
ad me, te, etc.: let us go to my house, 
eamus ad me, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64: some- 
times domum is expr.: domum ad 
me (al. lect. meos) literas mittam, Cic. 
Fam. 3, 8, 10: so with a proper name: 
crowds thronged to the house of Afranius, 
magni domum concursus ad Afranium 
fiebant, Caes. B.C. 1, 53. The repetition 
of ad to denote motion to a place, and 
to a person there present, is occasionally 
found: the soldiers being summoned to 
the meeting before the tribunes, vocatis 
militibus ad concilium ad tribunos, Liv. 
5,47: abi ad forum ad herum, Plaut. 
‘As. 2,2, 100. Ad, with the name of a 
deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad 
templum, aedem : wehad reached Vesta’s 
(temple), ventum erat ad Vestae, Hor. S. 
I, 9, 35: ad Opis, Cic. Att. 6, 1,17. In 
answer to the question Whither ? names 
of towns and small islands (rarely of 
large ones), domus in the sense of home, 
and rus in the sense of to the country, 
are put in the acc. without a prep.: 
Iam in doubt whether to go to Venusia, 
dubito an Venusiam tendam, Cic. Att. 
16, 5, 3: the poets use this constr. with 
names of countries and swbs. generally : 
he came to Italy, Italiam venit, Virg. 
Aen. 1,2. The poets use both constr. 
with names of towns: ad doctas proficisci 
cogor Athenas, Prop. 3,21, 1: doctas jam 
nunc eat, inquit, Athenas, Ov. H. 2, 83. 
Ad is sometimes used with the name of 
a town in prose: J went to Capua, pro- 
fectus sum ad Capuam, Cic. de Sen. 4, 10. 
The prep. is also expr. (i.) when there 
is an antithesis: they sailed from Dia- 
nium to Sinope, usque a Dianio ad Sino- 
pen navigarunt, Cic. Verr. 1, 34, 87: this 
rule is however not always observed: 
they came from Ardea to Rome, ab Ardea 
Romam venerunt, Liv. 4,7- (ii. if urbs, 
oppidum, etc., is added in apposition: the 
consul arrived in the town of Cirta, con- 
sul pervenit ad Cirtam oppidum, Sall. J. 
81. (iii) when the neighbourhood of a 
town or part of it is meant: all the 
Gauls march to (the neighbourhood of ) 
Alesia, omnes Galli ad Alesiam profi- 
ciscuntur, Caes. B. G. 7, 76: v. Lat. 
Gram. § 259. With words compounded 
with ad, which denote going, bring- 
ing, etc., near, instead of repeating the 
prep., the noun is put in the dat. or 
acc., though chiefly in the post-Ang. 
period, and in the poets: to approach 
the rocks, accedere scopulos, Virg. Aen. 
I, 201: Vv. TO APPROACH, ACCOST, etc. : 
v. the constr. of such verbs as adeo, in 
3 K 








| till): they stood in battle array 
3 8 


Lat.-Eng. Dict. 2. in (with ac, & 
or into). (i.) without the idea of arrival: 
with versus: he moves his camp to the 
district of the Arvermi, castra movet in 
Arvernos v.,Caes. B. G. 7, 8, fin.: v. 
TOWARDS. (ii.) with the idea of arrival : 
1 will go to the Piraeus, ibo in Piraeum, 
Plaut. Bac. 2, 3, 2: to send ambassadors 
to the Ubii, legatos in Ubios mittere, 
Caes. B.G. 4, 11. Joined with ad: 
you fly for refuge to God as to an altar, 
tamquam in aram confugitis ad deum, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 10,25: when we had gone 
to law before the praetor, quum ad prae- 
torem in jus adissemus, id. Verr. 4, 65 
147. For constr, with names of towns, 
in answer to the question Whither? v. 
under ad (8): to have gone to Tarquint, 
the most flourishing town in Etruria, 
se contulisse Tarquinios in urbem Etru- 
riae florentissimam, Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 3 
For constr. of words compounded wi 
in, v. such words as infero in Lat.-Eng. 
Dict.: to set fire to the temples, templis 
ignes inferre, Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 22. Fig.: 
to boil down to one-half, decoquere in 
dimidiam partem, Col. 12, 24, 1: with 
usque: u. in quartam partem, id. 12, 12, 
3: hence, denoting a change: rivers 
change to leaves, vortunt se fluvii in 
frondes, Lucr. 2, 880. 3. versus (as 
prep., towards): to march to Massila, 
Massiliam v. iter facere, Caes. B.C. 3, 
36: for constr. as adv. with ad, etc., 
v.supr. 4, adversus (-vorsus, or -sum) 
(as prep.): who is this coming to me? 
quis est haec quae me adversum in- 
cedit ? Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 18: Vv. TOWARDS, 
AaGarnsT: for adv. constr. v. supr. §, 
usque (adv., all the way, with prep., or 
acc. of motion): to go from the upper 
sea to Rome, a mari supero u. Romam 
proficisci, Cic. Clu. 68, 192: v. under ad, 
supr. 6, ténus (reaching to, always 
placed after its case, constr. with gen., 
or more usu. abl.:- its deulap hangs 
down to its legs, crurum t. laquearia 
pendent, Virg. G. 3, 53: his kingdom 
extends to Taurus, Tauro t. regnat, Cic 
Deiot. 13, 36: he plunged his sword to 
the hilt in his side, lateri capulo t. ab- 
didit ensem, Virg. Aen. 2, 553: hac 
tenus as adv.: to this point, hac Trojana 
tenus fuerit fortuna secuta, ib. 6, 62. 

7, fine (or -i, abl. used as adv., rare) : 
projecting from the wall up to the breast, 
de muro pectoris f. prominentes, Caes. 
B.G. 7,47. 8, The question Whither ? 
is answered by advs. of motion, huc, 
illuc, eo, etc.: they hastened to the point 
with all speed, huc Magno cursu con- 
tenderunt, Caes. B. G. 3, 19: with ad: 
to come to you here, luc #d vos venire, 
Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15: with in: to this city, 
huc in urbem, Ter. Hee. 1, 2, 100: with 
gen.: she removed to this neighbourhood, 
huc viciniae commigravit, id. Andr. 1,1, 
43: to and fro, huc illue, huc atque 
illuc, etc.: also, huc et illo, Sen.: huc et 
huc, Hor. Epod. 4, 9. Fig.: J have 
brought affairs to this point, rem huc 
deduxi, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 4: Co this must be 
added a certain sweetness, huc accedat 
oportet suavitas quaedam, id. Am. 18, 
66: sometimes accedit, etc, is used 
without the adv.: add to this death, 
acc. mors, id. Fin. 1, 18, 60: to proceed 
to such a pitch, huc usque proficisci. 
Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 20: they came to 
such extremity of want, eo inoplae 
venere, Tac. Agr 28: to this point 
(thus far) 1 could write with prudence, 
hactenus fuit quod caute a me scribi 
posset, Cic. Att. 11, 4, 2: Ais wishes 
had extended to this, hactenus volu- 
erat, Tac. A. 12, 42, fin.: V. SO FAR 

B. In time: 1, ad: with or 
without usque : to that time Iwas honest 
and virtuous, ad id frugi usque et pro- 
bus fui, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 50: Sophocles 
wrote tragedies to the end of his life, So- 
phocles ad summam aetatem tragoedias 
fecit, Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5: (the employment 
of a past tense shows that the action has 
ceased, otherwise the present would be 
used): to this time, ad id, Liv. 3, 22; ad 
id locorum, id. 9, 45. 2, in (with acc., 
toa late 
65 


TO 


TOBACCO 


TOGETHER 





hour, in multum diei in acie constiter- 
unt, Liv. 27, 2: they learned these things 
to old age, usque in senectutem didi- 
cerunt haec, Quint. 12, 11, 20: to live 
from day to day (regardless of the 
future), in diem vivere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 
33: so = daily, Liv. 22, 39. 8. expr. 
by advs., quoad, quousque, etc.: v. UN- 
TIL, ete.: up to this time the outposts 
were quiet, hactenus quietae stationes 
fuere, Liv. 7, 26. C. In other re- 
lations: |. Of number: ad: (i.) 
denoting an approximation : men to the 
number of (i. e. about) 2300 were slain, 
ad duo milia et trecenti occisi, Liv. 10, 17. 
(ii.) denoting the limit reached: to the 
last farthing, ad assem, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
24: they all agree to a man (all together), 
omnes ad unum idem sentiunt, Cic. Am. 
23, 86: so, ad unum, Cie.: Caes. (ili.) 
denoting addition: in addition to the 
traitors of Falerit and Pyrrhus a third 
example should be added, ad Faleriorum 
Pyrrhive proditores tertium exemplum 
esset, Liv. 24, 45: to crown all, ad om- 
nia, id. 35, 32. Il. Of conduct, etce., 
towards : 1, in (with acc.) : dutiful 
to his parents, pius in parentes, Cic. Off. 
3, 23, 90: indulgence to our children. in 
liberos nostios indulgentia, id. de Or. 2, 
40, 168: sometimes with abl. (in the 
case of): such was he to Priam his Joe, 
talis in hoste fuit Priamo, Virg. Aen. 2, 
541- 2. adversus (-um): the greater 
justice to others, summa adversus alios 
justitia, Liv. 3, 33: pleasing to you, 
gratum adversum te, Ter. Andr. 1,1, 15. 

3. erga: the divine goodness to 
mankind, divina bonitas e. homines, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 23,60: unbroken fidelity to the 
Roman people, perpetua e. populum Ro- 
manum fides, Caes. B.G.5,54. ||]. Gen- 
erally of relation: 1, ad: (i.) of letters, 
books, etc.. addressed or dedicated to any 
one: he wrote to me from Egypt, ad me 
ex Aegypto literas misit, Cic. Lig. 3, 7: 
(literas dare alicui=to intrust a letter 
to any one’s hands as messenger: v. 
infr.) M. Tulli Ciceronis ad M. Brutum 
Orator. (ii.) of adaptation or intention 
for: a place suitable to land at, locus ad 
egrediendum idoneus, Caes. B. G. 4, 23: 
a thing difficult to believe, difficilis res 
ad credendum, Lucr. 2, 1027: man is 
born to reason, homo ad intelligendum 
natus, Cic. Fin. 2,13, 40: an opportunity 
to act, occasio ad rem gerendam, Liv. 37, 
26. (iii.) of a standard, according to: 
they adapt themselves to their will and 
pleasure, ad eorum arbitrium et nutum 
totos se fingunt, Cic. Or. 8, 24. (iv.) 
concerning, affecting: I found it was 
nothing to Pamphilus, comperiebam 
nihil ad Pamphilum quicquam attinere, 
Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 64: as to the provinces, 
quod ad provincias attinet, Liv. 42, 10: 
your feelings in regard to the marriage, 
animus tuus ad nuptias, Ter. Andr. 2, 
3, 4. 2. in (withacc.): (i.) of adap- 
tation or intention, aim, etc., for: a 
Greek verse to this effect,Graecus in eam 
sententiam versus, Cic. Div.2, 10, 25: 
what is useful to the purpose, quae in 
rem sunt, Liv. 26, 44. (ii.) in adverbial 
expr.: to a gi eater extent, in majus, Sall. 
J. 73: changed to barbarism, in bar- 
barum corruptum, Tac. A. 6, 42: v. 
Lat.-Eng. Dict. 1 (B., III.). Instead of 
prep. the idea of to, denoting aim, pur- 
pose, etc., is expr. in various ways. (i.) 
after verbs of giving and the like, by 
dat.: he gives to him his daughter in 
marriage, ei filliam in matrimonium dat, 
Caes. B.G.1, 3. (ii.) after verbs com- 
pounded with ad, by dat. or acc.: his 
mind was constant to no fortune, nulli 
fortunae adhaerebat animus, Liv. 41, 
20 : to speale kindly to the man, hominem 
blande alloqui, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 22. iii.) 
with idea of advantage, etc., by dat. : 
usui esse, Caes. B. G. 5, 1 (So, ex usu, 
ib. I, 50): est utilitati, emolumento, 
detrimento, etc. (iv.) by subj. in final 
or consecutive sense: J came to greet 
you, veni ut te salutarem: they sent 
men to carry the news, miserunt qui 
nuntiarent: here is something to see, 
hie estou spectetur: worthy to com- 














mand, dignus qui imperet: v. Lat. 
Gram., § 449, seqg. (v.) as the sign of 
inf. by inf.: to love, amare: to err ts 
human, bumanum est errare: so, after 
verbs of beginning, ceasing, desiring, 
ordering, forbidding, etc.: he ceased to 
sing, canere desiit: he bade him to ap- 
proach, accedere jussit (in such cases it 1s 
necessary to refer to Lat.-Eng. Dict. to 
ascertain what verbs take the inf., swbj. 
with ut, etc.): itis time to attempt, tem- 
pus est conari, Liv. 6, 18 (constr. also 
with wt, etc.). (vi.) with gerund, su- 
pine, fut. partic., etc.: a desire to contend, 
certandi cupiditas: he gave me books te 
read, dedit mihi libros legendos: born 
to endure sorrow, miseriis natus feren- 
dis: what are we to do? quid faciendum 
est? I came to greet you, veni te saluta- 
tum, or, te salutaturus, or, salutandi 
causi: he said that he should vote for 
his condemnation, dixit sua illum sen- 
tentia condemnatum iri: nothing is 
easier to say, nihil est dictu facilius: T 
am ashamed to say it, pudet dictu. 
(vii.) by adv., expr., eo, adeo, etc.: I 
speak to the end that, eo dico ne, Plaut. 
Aul. 2, 2, 62 (so, eo consilio, etc.): to 
that end was J born, eo natus sum, Sall. 
J.24: to such an extent did these words 
fail of effect, adeo haec dicta nihil 
moverunt quemquam, Liv. 3, 2. (viii.) 
the idea is contained in a word em- 
ployed: let him see to that himself, 
viderit ipse, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1, jin. 
IV. Esp.in comparison: ll, 

ad: Thales was a very trifler to this man 
in wisdom, ad sapientiam hujus Thales 
nimius nugator fuit, Plaut. Cap. 2, 2, 
25: nothing to Persius, nibil ad Per- 
sium, Cic. Or. 2,6. 2, prae: all per- 
Jumes are bilge water to yours, omnium 
odor unguentum p. tuo nautea est, Plaut. 
Cure. I, 2, 5. 8. after verbs of com- 
parison cwm is used or dat. : v. TO COM- 
PARE. Similis takes gen. or dat.: other 
words denoting likeness, equality, ete., 
usually take dat.: v. LIKE, EQUAL, etc. 

toad: bufo, dnis: and the t.is found 
in holes, inventusque cavis b., Virg. G. 
I, 184. 

—-stool: perh. fungus: v. FUN- 
GUS. 

toady (subs.): 1, assentator, Gris 
(fem. -trix. Plant.): a t. always magni- 
Jies what his patron, whom he courts, 
wishes to be great, semper auget a. quod 
is, cujus ad voluntatem loquitur, vult 
esse magnum, Cic. Am. 26, 98: v. FLAT- 
TERER. Q. parasitus: Plaut.: Cic. 

3, Adiliator, oris: Auct. Her.: v. 

PARASITE, SYCOPHANT. 

toady (v.): 1, assentor, 1: to ¢. 
any one, a. alicui, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 70: 
Cic.: Vv. TO FLATTER. 9. adilor, dep. 
(sometimes adulo), 1 (to fawn like a 
dog): constr. with ace. or dat.: Cic.: 
Liv.: Tac.: v. TO FAWN, CRINGE. 

toadyism: 1. assentatio, 6nis, f. : 
that t.rwined him, istaec illum perdidit a., 
Plaut. Bac. 3, 3, 7: Cie. 9. assentati- 
uncila: Cic.: Plaut.: v.FLATTERY. 8, 
adulatio: Cic.: Liv.: v. FAWNING. 

toast (subs.): |. Bread dried by 
the fire: * panis tostus. |]. 4 health 
drunk: Phr.: I give a toast in a 
bumper, propino poculum magnum, 
Plaut. Cure. 2, 3, 8: v. foll. art. 

toast (v.): 1, torreo, 2: they pre- 
pare to t. the corn by the fire, torrere 
parant flammis fruges, Virg. Aen. 1, 
179: V. TO PARCH, ROAST. Q. frigo, 
xi, ctum or xum, 3: Hor.: Plin. Il. 
To drink any one’s health: propino, 1 
(lit. to taste a goblet first, and hand it to 
another): I t.him in a@ bumper, p. po- 
culum magnum, Plaut. Cure. 2, 3,85 p. 
tibi salutem, id. Stich. 3, 2,15. Phr.: 
Tt. you, etc., bene vos, bene nos, bene te, 
bene me, bene vostram etiam Stepha- 
nium, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 27: bene mihi, 
bene vobis, id. Pers. 5, I, 20. 

tobacco: *tabacum. The ¢. plant, 
*nicotiana: Linn. Tosmoke t., * tabaco, 
quod dicitur, uti (Wyttenb.): *fumum 
Nicotianae haurire (Kr.): v. TO SMOKE, 
sMOKER: a t.-pipe * fistula tabaci 
(Gesner): *fumisugium (Kr.): a t.-boz, 


* pyxis, arcula tabaci (Kr.): the smoke 
of t., * fumus tabaci (Kr.). 

to-day (subs.): hédiernus dies: ¢.-d., 
h. die, Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21: before t.-d., ante 
h. diem, ib. 3, 8, 20. 

to-day (adv.): hédié: t.-d. are the 
nones of August, bh. nonae Sextiles, Cic. 
Verr. Act. 1, 10, 31.! 

toe: 1, digitus: both stood at once 
upright on tipt., constitit in digitos ex- 
templo arrectus uterque, Virg. Aen. 5, 
426: short persons stand on tipt., statura 
breves in d. eriguntur, Quint. 2, 3, 8: to 
walk on tipt., summis d. ambulare, Sen. 
Ep. 111, 3: he walks stealthily and 
silently on tipt., vestigia furtim suspenso 
digitis fert taciturna gradu, Ov. F. 1, 42635 
suspensa levans d. vestigia primis, Virg. 
Cir. 212. Q, digitilus: of a parrot’s 
t.s, App. Flor. 2, p. 349. he great t.: 
pollex: Plin. 7, 2, 2: Suet. Cal, 57. 
Having t.s, digitatus: birds with t.s, d. 
aves, Plin. 11, 47, 107. Phr.: to stand 
on tipt., erigi in ungues, Quint.: JI 
started off quickly on tipt., suspenso 
gradu placide ire perrexi, Ter. Ph. 5. 6, 
28: he walks on tipt. with beating heart, 
fert suspensos corde micante gradus, Ov. 
6, 338(v. supr.1). Fig.: when the com- 
mons were standing on the tipt. of expect- 
ation, quum plebs erecta exspectatione 
staret, Liv. 2, 54; arrecta civitas (ez- 
cited), Tac. 3, 11. From top tot., ab imis 
unguibus usque ad verticem summum, 
Cie. Rosc. Com. 7, 20: usque ab ungui- 
culo ad capillum summum, Plaut. Epid. 
5, I, 17: a vertice talos ad imos, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 2, 4. 

toga: toga (v. Smith’s Ant. 1134, 
seqq.): the t.is the sign of peace and 
tranquillity, pacis est insigne et otii t., 
Cic. Pis. 30, 73: wearing the t., togatus, 
id. Phil. 5, 5, 14: a t.-wearing race, gens 
t., Virg. Aen. 1, 282: the purple-bordered 
t. (of free-born children and magistrates), 
t. praetexta, Cie. Verr. 5, 14, 36: prae- 
texta (as swbs.), id. Cat. 2, 2,4: wearing 
the t. praetexta, praetextatus, id. Q. Fr. 2, 
12, 3: praetextus, Prop.: the plain t. (as- 
sumed on reaching manhood), toga pura, 
Cic. Att. 9, 6, 1: more freq. t. virilis, id. 
Sest. 69, 144: the whitened t. (worn by 
candidates for office), t. candida, Liv. 4, 
25: wearing the white t., as a candidate, 
candidatus, Cic. Mur. 27, 57: the dark 
(mourning) ¢., t. pulla, id. Vat. 12, 30. 

together: 1, simul (at the same 
place or time): when we were t. for several 
days, quum s. essemus complures dies, 
Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13: victorious in three 
wars t., trium s. bellorum victor, Liv. 6, 
4: with cum: which things I learned t. 
with you, quas res tecum s. didici, Cic 
Acad. I, I, 3: go tn t. with her, intro abi 
cum istac s., Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 104: with 
et: the enemy’s carelessness and boldness 
increased t., crescebat s. et negligentia 
cum audacia hosti, Liv. 31, 36 (v. Lat.- 
Engl. Dict.): with abl.: t. with the 
people of Laodicea, Lavdicenis s., Tac. 
A. 4, 55 (poet. use): Hor. S. 1, 10, 86. 

2. wna (at the same place or time): 
many were journeying t., complures u. 
iter faciebant, Caes. B. G. 2, 17: with 
cum: they persuade their neighbours to 
got. with them, finitimis persuadent ut 
u. cum iis proficiscantur, ib. 1, 5: to 
give up t. with the dress of youth, ponere 
(amores) u. cum praetexta, Cic. Am. Io, 
33: with dat. (poet.): Virg. Aen. 8, 
104. Join: unaandsimul: come, pray, 
t. with me, i mecum obsecro u. simul, 
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 43. T. with is freq. 
expr. by cum alone: v. WITH. 3: 
conjuncté: to relate my achievements t. 
with the other events, c. cum reliquis re- 
bus nostra contexere, Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 2 
4, conjunctim (jointly): te take 

account of all the money t., c. rationem 
omnis pecuniae habere, Caes. B. G. 6, 
19. 5, sometimes commiuniter (tn 
common): from the letter which you 
wrote t. with others, ex liteiis quas c. 
cum aliis scripsisti, Cic. Att. I1, 5, I. 
Phr.: the Fibrenus after separating 
joins t., Fibrenus divisus in unum 
confluit, Cic. Leg. 2, 3,6: to collect his 
forces t., cogere copias in unum lo- 


TOIL 





cum, Caes. B. G. 2, 5: burn t., uno et 
eodem temporis puncto nati, Cic. Diy. 2, 
45,93: /or five days t., ex eo die dies 
continuos qninque, Caes. B. G. 1, 48: 
Sor three days t., triduum continuum, 
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 145: the whole province 
t., universa provincia, Cic. Verr. 2. 69, 
168: all t. agree, omnes ad unum idem 
sentiunt, Cic. Am. 23, 86: omnes uno 
ore consentiunt, ib.: Vv. ALL, WHOLE. 
May be expr. also in various ways by 
words compounded with con. 

toil (subs.): |, Labour: 1, labor, 
Gris (t. of mind or body): incessant t. 
conquers everything, |. omnia vincit Im- 
probus, Virg. G. 1, 145: to weur out 
oneself with t., se 1. frangere, Cic. Arch. 
II, 29: V- LABOUR. 2. Spéra ( pains, 
work): without men’s manual t., sine 
hominum manu atque o., Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14. 
Join: opera et labor, o. atque studium, 
o. curaque, Cic.: v. WORK, PAINS. Ss) 
sudor, Oris (sevrre labour): with great 
labour and t., multo s. et labore, Cic. 


Font. 1,2. |], 4 snare: réte: v. NET, 
SNARE. 
toil (v.): 1, laboro, 1: to t. for 


oneself, sibi 1., Cic. Verr. 3, 52, 128: tot. 
at anything, \. circa rem, Quint. 6, 4, 1: 
in aliquid, Sen.: with inf, Hor. A. P. 
25: with acc.: to t. at, Prop. 4, 3, 33: 
Hor. Epod. 5, 60: v. TO LABOUR. 2. 
élaboro, 1: [am used to t. to do good to 
causes, e. soleo ut prosim causis, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 12, 295: to t. at a thing, e. in re, 
ib. 1, 3, 9: so with acc., or in pass.: 
Cie.: Quint. : Hor. 3. désiido, 1 (to 
fatigue oneself): t.ing and labouring 
at this, in his d. atque laborans, Cic. Sen. 
II, 38. 

toilette: cultus, is: cultus et ornat- 
us, us: women are known for elegance of 
t., munditiae et o. et c., haec feminarum 
insignia sunt, Liv. 34, 7: | Vv. DRESS. 
Phr.: a lady’s t. belongings, animi 
muliebris apparatus, Val. Max. 9, I, 3: 
her t. is her charm, speculo placet, Ov. 
A. A. 3, 681: to spend time at the t., oc- 
cupatum esse inter pectinem speculum- 
que, Sen. (Kr.): tov much engaged at the 
t., in cute curanda plus aequo operata, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 29: @ t.-table, *ahacus 
mundo muliebri instructus, ad ornandum 
factus (Kr.): to make one’s ¢., *ornari; 
comi ac vestiri (Kr.). 

toilsome: 1. laboridsus: nothing 
is more t., nihil laboriosius, Cic. Leg. 3, 
8, 19: Liv. 9. Spérdsus: a ¢. task, o. 
res, Liv. 4, 8: V. TROUBLESOME, DIFFI- 
CULT. 

token: signum: v. SIGN. 

tolerable: |. Lit.: capable of 
being endured 1, tolérabilis: ¢. 
slarery, t. conditio servitutis, Cic. Cat. 
4, 8, 16. Q, tolérandus: scarcely t. 
poverty, inopia vix t., Tac. H. 1, 21. 3. 
patibilis: pain must be regarded as t., 
p. dolores putandi sunt, Cic. ‘l'use. 4, 23, 
51. Phr.: to render labour t, laborem 
levare alicui, id. Or. 34, 120: mitigare 
labores: id. de Or. 3, 4, 14: V. TO ALLE- 
VIATE, LIGHTEN. I. Transf.: 
moderately good: 1, tdlérabilis: ¢. 
spealcers, t. oratores, id. de Or. 1, 2, 
8. 2. médiocris (often in bad 
sense, ordinary): Cic.: Cues. 3: 
moddicus: a book of ft. size, modicum 
quoddam corpus (historiae), Cic. Fam. 
5, 12, 4: you have a t. competence, est 
tibi far m., Pers. 3,25. 4, aliquantus 
(considerable) : a t. number of arms, a. 
numerus armorum, Sall. J. 74: newt. 
used as subs.: a t. amount of land, ali- 
quantum agri, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33. 5. 
freq. expr. by satis with adj.: a t. 
singer, 8. bonus cantor, Cic. 6, expr. 
by neg. with adj., etc.: very t. speeches, 
orationes non contemnendue saneque tol- 
erabiles, Cic. Brut. 79,273. Phr.: who 
does not know how few t. actors there 
are? quis ignorat quam pauci sint 
quos aequo animo spectare possimus? 
id. de Or. 1, 5, 18. 

tolerably: 1, ‘tolérabiliter: to 

t., t. dicere, Col.: Cels. 2, t0lér- 

anter: Plin. §, médiocriter: not even 
t, eloquent, ne m. quidem disertus, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 20,91. . 4, mUdicé (slightly) : 





TOWNE 


t. rich, m. locuples, Liv. 38, 14. 5. 
aliquantum (-to): he who has approached 
t. near to virtue, qui processit a. ad vir- 
tutis aditum, Cic. Fin. 3,. 14, 48. 6. 
Sitis: J know that t. well, ego istuc 8. 
scio, Ter. Hec. §, 4, 37: a t. large mound, 
tumulus s. grandis, Caes. B. G. 1, 43: ¢. 
good grazing, s. bene pascere, Cic. Off. 
2, 25, 89. 7. often expr. by neg. with 
adv., etc.: t. soon after, non ita multo 
post, Liv. 10, 12: ¢. new images, non ita 
antiqua simulacra, Cic. Verr. 4, 49, 109. 


tolerance: |. Lit.: endurance : 
tolératio, tdlérantia: both in Cic.: v. 
ENDURANCE, fj, Transf.: perh. 1, 


indulgentia: v. INDULGENCE, KINDNESS. 
2, tacilitas (opp. harshness). 3. 
lénitas: v. GENTLENES>, MERCY. 


tolerant: |. Lit.: enduring: I, 
tolérans. t. of labour, laborum t., Tac. 
A. 4, I, fin. 2. patiens (with gen.) : 


v. ENDURING. |f, [ransf:perh. 1, 
indulgens: v. INDULGENT, KIND. 7. 
facilis. 8. lénis: v. GENTLE, MERCI- 


FUL. 
tolerate: _ 1. tdléro, 1, féro, ete.: 
v.TO BEAR. 2, perb. indulgeo,2. 3. 


may be expr. by words meaning to 
grant, allow : he t.d liberty in Germany, 
Germanis libertatem concessit, Caes. B.G. 
4.15, fin.: if you will not t. this fault, 
cui (vitio) si concedere nolis, Hor. S. 1, 
4, 140: V. TO GRANT, CONCEDE. 

toleration: perb. libertas: v. LI- 
BERTY. Phr.: may be expr. by words 
meaning free, freedom, etc.: t. is neces- 
sary in a free state, in civitate libera 
lingua mensque libera esse debet, Suet. 
Tib. 28: ¢. of difference in religion, * fa- 
cilitas erga dissentientes in sacris (Kr.). 

toll (v.): to sound or ring a bell 
slowly as at a funeral: *campanam 
funebrem or feralem tractare, movere. 

toll (subs.): 1. vectigal, alis, n. 
(gen. any t. or duty paid to the state). 

2. portorium (t. or duty on things ex- 

rted or imported, etc.): V. TAX. 

——-booth: 1, the place where 
things were weighed to ascertain the toll: 
*taberna portorii. 2. a prison: 
carcer: V. PRISON. 

— collector: 1, portitor, oris 
(a customs collector): Cic. 2. ex- 
actor, oris (gen. term): Liv. 28, 25. 

tomb: 1. tiimiilus (lit. a barvow): 
after standing by the t. of Achilles, 
quum ad Achillis t. astitisset, Cic. Arch. 
10, 24: I raised an empty t. (cenotaph), 
t. inanem constitui, Virg. Aen. 6, 505: 
called also t. honorarius, Suet. Claud. 1: 
a family t., t. gentilicius, Vell. 2, 119, 
5. 2. sépulcrum: @ sphere and 
cylinder were placed on his t., in summo 
s. (Archimedis) sphaera est posita cum 
cylindro, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 64: the t. of 
his fathers, s. patrium, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 
24. 3, modnimentum (lit. any me- 
morial erection): they buried his re- 
muins in the family t. of the Domitit, 
reliquias gentili Domitiorum m. condi- 
derunt, Suet. Ner. 50: m. sepulcri, Nep. 
Dion, Io. 4, conditorium: Plin. Ep. 
6, I0, 5. 

—— -stone: lipis. idis, m.: let at. be 
placed over me with this inscription, fac 
lapis his scriptus stet super ossa notis, 
Tib. 1, 3,54: so, l. ultimus, Prop. 1, 17, 20. 

tome: voliimen, liber: v. VOLUME. 

to-morrow (subs.): crastinus dies: 
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 55: to-m., die crastini 
(old abl.), id. Most. 4, 1, 25: without 
dies : to put off till to-m., in crastinum 
differre, Cie. de Or. 2, 90, 367: to-m. 
morning, crastina Aurora, Virg. Aen. 
12, 76: the day after to-m., péren- 


dinus dies, Caes. B. G. 5, 30: without | r uu 
modum (to excess), Plin. Ep. 7, 31, tnt. + 


dies: be veady for the day after to-m., 
in p. paratus sis, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 65. 
to-morrow (adv.): cras: to-m. thou 


shalt be presented with a kid, c.donaberis | 


haedo, Hor. Od, 3, 13, 3: used as subs. : 
when does thut to-m. come? c. istud 
quando venit? Mart. 5, 58, 2: the day 


after to-m., pérendié : Plaut. Mere. 2, 
3, 41. 

tone: |. Lit.: 1, tinus: Vitr.: 
Macr. 9, expr. by vox: to speak 


cin 
a loud ¢., magna v. dicere, Caes. B. G. 








TOO 








4,25: a sharp t., v. acuta, Cic. Or. 18, 58; 
Vv. VOICE. 3. sdnus: from the highest 
t. to the lowest, ab acutissimo s. usque ad 
gravissimum s., Cic. de Or. I, 51, 251: 
v.sounD. Phr.: & speak in a lowt., 
submisse dicere, Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 215 

ll. Fig.: manner of speaking or 
behaviour: Phr.: he changes his ¢., 
mutat personam, vertit allocutionem, 
Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8: to adopt a lofty t., 


magnifice, superbe, loqui: Cic. Il. 
Of colour : 1, ténus: Plin. 35, §, 11. 
9. Fig.: cOlér, dris: whatever may 


be the t. of my life, quisquis erit vitae 
c., Hor. S. 2, 1,60: v. CHAKACTEB. 
tongs: forceps, cipis, m. and f.: the 
Cyclops turn the iron with t, Cyclopes 
versant f. ferrum, Virg. G. 4, 175. 
tongue: |, Lit.: lingua: thet. is 
set free by being cut with a lancet, |. scal- 
pello resectae liberantur, Cie, Div. 2, 46, 
g6: to put out the t. (in derision), L. ex- 
serere, Liv. 7, 10: so |. ejecta, Cic. de Or. 
2, 66, 266. Phr.: his name was at the 
tip of my t., versabatur mihi nomen in 
primoribus labris, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 65: 
inter labra atque dentes latet, id. ll. 
Meton.: speech: 1, lingua: to re- 
strain one’s t., linguam continere, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13: persons of fluent and 
practised t., quidam |. celeri et exerci- 
tata, id. de Or. 1, 18,83. 2, Os, dris,n.: 
it was demanded ty the general t., pos- 
cebatur o. vulgi, Tac. Agr. 41: Vv. MOUTH, 
VOICE. 3. sermo, Onis, m.: Vv. TALK. 
HI. The language of a people: 1, 
lingua: the enowledge of the Gaulish t., 
Gallicae 1. scientia, Caes. B. G. 1, 47: 
Cic.: both t.s (Greek and Lat.), utraque L, 
Hor. S. 1, 10, 23. 9. os, Oris: Mela, 
335 3, sermo: we ought to use that 
t. which is known to us, eo s. debemus 
uti qui notus est nobis, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 
111: the poverty of our native t., patrii 
s. egestas, Lucr. I, 832: V. LANGUAGE. 
IV. Of things shaped like a t.: 
1, lingua: a t. of land projects int 
the sea, eminet 1. in altum, Liv. 44, 11. 
9. ligiila (ling.): on the end of the 
t.s of land, in extremis L., Caes. B. G. 3, 
12: the t. of a shoe-strap, Juv. §, 20: 
the t. of a flute, Plin. 16, 36, 66,9 171. 
3. examen (the ¢. of a balance): 
Virg. Aen. 12, 725. 
tonnage: the ¢. of a Roman vessel 
was calculated by the number of am- 
phorae (Roman cubic feet) which it con- 
tained: @ ship of large t., navis quae plus 
quam trecentarum amphorarum esset, 
Liv. 21,63: naves quarum minor nulla 
erat quam militm amphorarum, Lentul. 
in Cic. Fam. 12, 15, 2. 
tonsils: 1, tonsillae (ph): Cie. 
N. D. 2, 54, 135: Plin.: Cela - 
glandiilae (pl.): Cels. 
too: |, Also: &tiam, praetérea, 
instiper: V. ALSO, BESIDES. \|, Jn an 
excessive degree: 1. nimis: (i.) as 
adv. proper: t. severely and unkindly, 
n. graviter n.que inhumane, Ter. Heaut. 
5,5,1%: Cic. (ii) as subs. foll. by part. 
gen. : t. much contricance, Nn. insidiarum, 
Cic. Or. 51, 170: Ov. 9. nimium : 
(i.) as adv. proper: to be t. niggardly, 
n. parce facere sumptum, Ter. Andr. 2, 
6, 19: t. long, n. diu, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, init. 
(ii.) as subs.: the mean between ¢. much 
and t. little, mediocritas quae est inter 
n. et parum id, Off. 1 25, fim.: he has 
t. much goow wh. hus no ill, n. boni est 
cui nibil est mati, Enn, in Cic. Fin. 2, 13. 
3, use compar. of adj. and advv.: 
the t. powerful tide, imperiosius aequor, 
Hor. Od. 1, 14. 8: to articulate the letters 
t. nicely (affectedly), litteras exprimere 
putidius, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41. 4, ultra 


so, extra modum (im mode: ately), Cic, de 
Or. 3, 11, 41. 5, sometimes expr. by 
adjj. compounded with prae: v. infr. 
Phr.: togot. far in anything, modum 
egredi (excedere), Quint. 7, 6, 16: to 
agitate oneself ¢. much, ultra fas tre- 
pidare, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 33: to feel: in- 
juries t. deeply, injurias gravius aequo 
babere, Sall. Cat. 51: so, largeus aequo 
potas}, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 115: 6. eager 

, praepropera festinatio, oy Fam 


TOOL 





a : t. heavy a burden, praegrave onus, 
.H. 9, 98: ¢. early, praematurus (v. 
PREMATURE). [N. B.—Sometimes the 
word itself implies excess: ¢. g. longus, 
t. long or tedious (1. in narrationibus, 
Tac. Or. 22); artus or arctus, t, narrow 
or limited (a. stipato theatro, Hor, Ep. 
2, 1, 60: but also, nimis arta convivia, 
ib. 1, 5, 29): brevis, t. short (vitae 
summa brevis, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 15): sero, 
t. late: v. are) 

tool: |. Lit: 1, in collect. 
sense, the tools and apparatus (stock) of 
any craft or trade, instrimentum: thus, 
ji. rusticum (Phaedr. 4, 5, 24) denotes 
farm stock of all kinds: i. venatorium 
(Plin. Ep. 3, 19), hunting implements, 
etc.: in later Latin (esp. in pl.), used 
also as Eng.: thus Isid. Or. 19, 7, we 
have the heading, de instrumentis fa- 
brorum (concerning the tools used by 
smiths) : and Nizol. quotes from pseudo- 
Cic. de Dom., instrumenta lanificia, tools 
or implements used in woollen manu- 
facture. [N.B.—Oft.expr. without the 
use of a special word: e. g. the axe, a t. 
used in felling trees, securis qua arbores 
succiduntur: the saw, a carpenter’s t., 
serra qua fabri lignarii utuntur. } 9. 
ferramentum (an iron t.): t.s of agri- 
eultural labourers, f. agrestia, Liv. 1, 40: 
esp. cutting implements : cf. Cic. @at:/3; 
5,10: Mart. (Utensilia, any articles of 
common use: Liv.: Col.) Il. Fig.: a 
person used as an instrument : minister, 
tri: using Calchas as his t., Calchante 
m., Virg. Aen. 2, 100; Cic. Clu. 22, 60 
(minister in maleficio). Pbr.: he would 
easily be able to make a t. of Antony, 
facile se ex voluntate Antonio usurum, 
Sall, Cat. 26. 

tooling; Spus: v. WORKMANSHIP. 

tooth: |. Of man or other ani- 
mals: dens, ntis, m.: for the diff. kinds 
of teeth, as dentes primores, adversi, 
praecisores ( front-t.) ; d. maxillares, gen- 
uini, molares (back-t., grinders); and 
canini (eye-t.): v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 8. v.: 
an upper, lower t., d. superior, inferior, 
Cels. 6, 9, med. Yo extract a t., d. ex- 
imere, Cels. ib.: extrahere, Plin. 32, 7, 26 
(in sense of, to cause it to come out): 
to knock the t. out of any one’s head, 
d. alicui excutere, Juv. 16, 10: loose t., 
d. mobiles, Plin. 32, 7, 26: decayed t., d. 
cariosi, ib.: hollow t.. d. exesi, id. 30, 3, 
8: to put anything in hollow t., aliquid 
cavis dentium indere, ib.: to scrape a 
foul t., scabrum d. scalpere, Cels. 7, 12, 
1: any one’s t. have been loosened by a 
blow, alicui labant ex ictu d., ib.: at. 
comes out, cadit s. excidit d., ib.: to 
press a t. into its place, d. in locum 
[suum] digito adurgere, ib.: to clean 
the t., d. purgare: also, levare, Mart. 14, 
22: to gnash the t., dentibus frendere, 
vy. TO GNasH. Phr.: to cut the t., 
dentire, Plin. 30, 3, 8: to do so with 
difficulty, tarde dentire, ib.: having 
badly formed t., male dentatus, Ov. R. 
Am. 339: to cast a thing in a person’s 
t., aliquid objicere, exprobrare alicui (v. 
TO REPROACH): t. and nail (by every 
possible means), manibus pedibus [ob- 
nixe omnia facere], Ter. Andr, 1, 1, 134: 
a small t.. denticulus, Pall. 1, 28, extr. 

II. By analogy, tooth or prong of an 
instrument: dens: e. g. of a comb, d. 
pectinis, Varr. L. L. 5, 23, 113: of @ sar, 
d. serrae, Plin.: @ small t. of the kind, 
denticulus, Pall.: furnished with such 
t., dentatus, denticulatus: v. TOOTHED. 
Wl. Fig.: of anything that con- 

sumes and devours: Plir.: to be assailed 
by the t. of envy, invido dente morderi, 
Hor. Od. 4, 3, 16: so, the t. of calumny, 
dens maledicus, Cic. Balb. 26, init. : 
called also ater dens, Hor. Epod. 6, 15: 
the t. of time, vetustas (cf. Curt. 3, 4, 
med., multa monumenta vetustas exe- 
derat) : never, dens temporis or aevi. 

——-ache: dolor dentium: Cels. 6, 
9. Phr.: in case of t., quum dens 
dolet, ib. fin.: si dens condoluit, Cic. 
Tuse. 2, 22, 52: to suffer from acute t., 
*dentium dolore cruciari. 

—-brush:; *peniculus dentibus 
peas (Kr.). 

863 


TOL Sy UR voy 


TORMENT 





toothed: 1, dentatus: t. rakes (or 
harrows), d. rastri, Varr.: Plin. 2A, 
denticiilatus ¢ furnished with small or 
jine teeth): a t.-sickle, falx d., Col. 2, 
21: Plin. 

toothless; éGdentiilus: women ¢. and 
old, e. vetulae, Pl. Mos!. 1, 3,148: Arn. 
Phr.: ¢. gums, inermis gingiva, Juv. 
10, 200: so perh. nuda gingiva: or by 
circuml., dentibus carens, Plin.: den- 
tibus vacuus, Tac. (IX:.). 

—— -pick; dentiscalpium : Mart. 14, 
24, lem. : where are mentioned lentiscus 
(a t. of wood); and pinna (a quill): 
besides these, thorns or prickles (spinae) 
were used for the purpose: whence Petr. 
32, fin., spina argentea, a silver (thorn- 
like] t.: to use a t., dentes spina, pinna, 
etc., levare: Mart. L c. 

—— -powder: dentifricium (me- 
dical): Plin. 28, 11, 49. 

toothsome: boni suci; suavis, pa- 
lato jucundus: v. PALATABLE. 

top (subs.): |, Highest point: 1. 
use summus, in agreement with subs. : 
e. g. the Exchange from t. to bot- 
tom, Janus summus ab imo, Hor. Ep. 
1, 1,54: at the t. of his voice, summa 
voce, id. S. 1, 3, 7: etpass.: (LL. G. § 343). 

2. fastigium (esp. of a building) : 
ef. Virg. Aen. 2, 458, evado ad summi 
fastigia culminis: v. PINNACLE. 3. 
cacimen, inis, n. (extreme point of 
anything): the t.s (summits) of moun- 
tains, montis cacumina, Lucr. Used of 
tree-t.s, Virg. E. 6, 28. 4, culmen, 
inis, n. (an elevated kind of word, more 
= Eng. summit): the ts of the Alps, 
c. Alpium, Caes. B. G. 3, 2: Troy falls 
From her lofty t., ruit alto a c. Troja, 
Virg. 2, 290. See also HEIGHT, ELEVA- 
TION, TIP. Phr.: from t. to toe, ab,imis 
ungnibus usque ad verticem summum, 
Cic. R. Com. 7, 20: you are all wisdom 
Jrom t. to bottom, tu quantus quantus es 
nibil nisi sapientia es, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 40: 
to overthrow a state from t. to bottom, 
civitatem funditus evertere, Cic. Am. 7, 
23: V. UTTERLY. |]. 4 toy so called: 
turbo, inis,m.: Virg. Aen. 7, 378: Tib.: 
to spin a t., t. versare: V. TO SPIN 
(1I1.). [Trochus, Gr. tpoxés, is a hoop.) 

top: stpérior, summus: Vv. UPPER, 
and preced. arts. 

top (».): i.e. to rise above: supéro, 
exsupéro, I: V. TO OVERTOP. 

topaz: topazion or os(?): Plin. 37, 
8, 32. Adj., topaziacus : Venant. 

top-heavy: *gravior (praegravis) a 
superiore parte. 

——-kmot; nodus crinium in ver- 
tice summo substrictus, religatus; cf. 
Tac. G. 387. On the head of a bird, 
apex, icis, m.: Plin. 11, 37, 44- 

——-mast: perh. malus superior, 
summus: v. MAST. 

—-gsail: 1. supparum: ¢o hoist 
at.,s. intendere, Sen. Ep. 77, init. (see 
the place): Lucan. 2. called also 
appy. dolo, Onis, m.: to hoist the t., 
d. erigere, Liv. 36, 44. (in either case 
is meant a kind of t. used for greater 
speed.) 

tope: poto, 1: Vv. TO TIPPLE. 

tover: potator: Vv. TIPPLER. 

topic: res: v. SUBJECT. 

topmost: summus: the t. ridge of a 
mountain, s. jugum montis, Caes. B. G. 
I, 21: ef. Top, subs. (I.). 

tovographer; chorégraphus: Vitr. 
8, 2, 6 (al. chorographiis). Or expr. by 
verb: a good t., *qui regionum situm 
bene (diligenter, accurate) describit. 

tovogravhical: Phr.: ¢. details, 
descriptio locorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 63: 
Quint.: to give t. details, de forma 
situque (oppidi, agri, etc.) scribere, cf. 
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4: also, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 3, 
accipe temperiem coeli, regionis situm, 
villae amoenitatem. 

tovogranhy: locorum s. regionum 
descriptio: Cic.: Quint. Also as ¢. t., 
chorographia:; Vitr. 8, 2, 6 (al. choro- 
graphis). 

torsy-turvy: Phr.: to turn things 
t., omnia sursum deorsum versare, Sen. 
Ep. 44, 3: quod sursum est deorsum 
facere, Petr. 63, jin.: less literally, 








omnia infima summis paria facere, 
turbare, miscere, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, imi. < 
summa imis miscere, Vell. 2, 2: and 
more generally still, omnia permiscere, 
confundere, perturbare: v. TO CONFUSE, 
torch: 1, fax, facis, f. (a piece 
of dry wood, covered with inflanmable 
material, for lighting fires, etc.): to 
point t.s (making them of tapering pieces 
of wood), f. inspicare, Virg.G. 1, 292: 
nuptial t.s, f. nuptiales, Cic. Clu. 6, 15: 
Hor.: Virg. See also FIRE-BRAXD. 2, 
taeda (a t. of pine-wood): to jire any- 
thing by means of t.s, taeda (collect. ] 
aliquid incendere, Caes. B. C. 2, 11: the 
blazing t.s of the Furies, t. ardentes 
Furiarum, Cic. Pis. 20, 46: also nuptial 
t.s, Ov. M. 4, 758. 8. fanale, is, . 
(a kind of t. made of tow or cord covered 
with fat or wax): Cic. Sen. 13, 44: (in 
relating the same story, Val. Max. 3, 6, 4, 
has cereus funalis m.): Virg. Aen. 1, 727 
(from which passage and the similar use 
of cereus [funalis], this kind of torch 
would appear to have been esp. used at 
banquets, cf. Sen. Ep. 122, 11, ad faces 
et cereos vivere); Hor. 4, lampas, 
Adis, f. (Gk. Aapzras’ esp. used in pvet. 
and in speaking of Gr, affairs): Turnus 
hurled a blazing t. (as firebrand), arden- 
tem conjecit lampada Turnus, Virg. Aen. 
9, 535: Cic. Verr. 2, 47, 115 (in speaking 
of a Greek statue of Cupid): of the 
wedding-t., Ter. Ad. 5,4, 9. Fig.: they 
hand on the t. of life, vitai lampada 
tradunt, Lucr. 2, 78. 5, céreus (like 
funale): Sen.: v. supr. (3). 
—— -bearer: 1, poet., taedifer, 
éri; f. -féra: Ov. H. 2, 42 (t. Dea). 
9. lampadarius (v. late): Imp. Cod. 
(Called also, lampadifer, Not. Tir.) 
{N.B.—In prose best expr. by meton., 
using funale, as Cic. Sen. 13, 44, crebro 
funali et tibicine, with a number of 
torch-bearers (lit. torches) and pipers ; 
the torch implying the bearer. Servum 
praelucentem, Suet. Aug. 29, is an expr. 
hardly to be imitated: Cic. would perh. 
rather have said, servum cum funali 
praecedentem; or servum funale [tae- 
dam] praeferentem, cf. id. Cat. 1, 6, 13, 
cui non ad libidinem facem praetulisti.] 
-light: Phr.: by t., ad faces 
et cereos, Sen. Ep. 122, 11: to be escorted 
heme by t. *cum funalibus [crebro tu- 
nali, cf. preced. art.] deduci: ¢. as better 





for the purpose than daylight, *melius 


tali rei convenit lux taedarum quam 
solis. 
torment (subs.): criciatus: v. TOR- 
TURE. 
torment (v.): i.e. to distress greatly : 
J, criicio, 1: do not t. yourself, my 
love! ne crucia te anime mi! Ter. Eun. 
I, 2,15 : how poor mothers t. themselves, 
ut miserae matres cruciantur, Pl. Truc. 
2, 5,3: to be t.’d with grief, dolore cru- 
ciari, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 14. Strengthened, 
excrucio, 1: Lust and cowardice t. and 
disquiet the mind, libido et ignavia ani- 
mum ex. et sollicitant, ib. 1, 16, 50. 
Note also phr. excruciare aliquem animi, 
Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 9. 9, exanimo, I (lit. 
to take away life: hence, to distress 
greatly with fear, etc.): why do you t. 
me with your complainings ? cur me 
querelis ex. tuis? Hor. Od. 2, 19, 1: cf. 
Cic. Mil. 34,93 ; me ex. et interimunt hae 
voces Milonis....: Ter.: Virg. Ss 
ango, xi, ctum, 3 (lit. to throttle: hence, 
to put to extreme distress): to be td 
with fear, cruciatu timoris angi, Cic. Off. 
2, 7,25: tobet.d in mind, angi animo, 
Cic. Br. 2, 6 (also, angi animi, Pl.). 
Join: sollicitare atque angere, Cic. ; 
angi et cruciari, id. 4. sollicito, 1 (to 
disquiet: a less strong word): Cic. 
5, verso, 1 (to keep in @ state of 
agitation): I’ll t. him nicely to-day, as 
I’m alive! versabo ego illunc hodie, si 
vivo, probe! Pl. Bac. 4, 4,6: ef. Enn. in 
Cic. Sen. init., [cura] quae nunc te co- 
quit et versat, in pectore fixa: Liv. 
6. vexo, t (to handle roughly: 
hence, to put to suffering, trouble 
greatly): anxiety ts the guilty, sollici- 
tudo v. impics, Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 40: in 
sim. sense, Sall, Cat. 15, ita conscientia 


0 


TORMENTOR 





mentem excitam vexabat. 7. éné&co, 
ui, ctum, 1 (as we say, to t. or worry to 
death): you t. me! enecas (also, enicas) 
me! Ter. : v. TO WORRY. 
tormentor: @xpr. by verb: his t.s 
were indefatigable, * illi autem haud- 
quaquam cessare, quin miserum [omni- 
bus modis] vexarent, cruciarent, aegri- 
tudine conficerent. Sometimes carnifex 
may serve: cf. ‘ler. Andr. 4, 1, 26, quan- 
tas... mihi confecit sollicitudines meus 
carnifex (my t.). (Not tortor in this 
sense: V. TORTURER.) 
tormenting (adj.): perh. cridélis ; 
icerbus, dcerbissimus (afjlictive, very 
painful, cruel): v. PAINFUL, CRUEL. 
Or expr. by phr.: ¢. fears, metis crucia- 
tus; metus quo cruciatur animus: v. 
TO TORMENT. 7. pains, faces dolorum, 
Cic. Off. 2, 10, 37. 
tornado: tempestas: or perh, tur- 
bo: v. WHIRLWIND. 
torpedo: |. Uhe fish: torpedo, 
Inis, f.: Cic. N. D. 2, 50, fin. (Raia 
torpedo, Linn.) I]. An explosive 
engine :* tormentorum genus quae tor- 
pedines appellantur. 
torpid : |. Lit.: torpens : 
strictly part. of torpeo: v. NUMB. Il. 
Fig.: wanting in energy: piger, iners, 
ignavus: v. SLUGGISH, INACTIVE. To 
grow t., torpescere, Sall. Jug. 2. 
torpor: torpor (both lit., of mumb- 
ness or want of sensation, and fig., of 
listless inactivity): ¢. of rulers, t. prin- 
cipum, Tac. G. 46. Usu. better, pigritia, 
inertia, ignavia: Vv. INACTIVITY, SLUG- 
GISHNESS. 
torpidly: perh. languid@: v. LAN- 
GUIDLY. 
torrent: |. A rapid stream: 
1. torrens, ntis, m. (strictly part. 
with fluvius understood: whence we 
find such exprr. as torrentes fluvii, Varr. 
R. R. 1, 12, fin. ; torrentia flumina, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 52): the discourse rushes on like 
at., fertur quasi t. oratio, Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3: 
Virg. Prov.: to stem the t. (in row- 
ing): dirigere brachia contra t., Jnv. 4, 
go. 2. by circuml.: *flumen rapi- 
dum ; rapido decurrens flumine rivus, 
amnis. I]. Heavy fall of rain, etc.: 
Phr.: ts of rain fall, imber torrentis 
modo effunditur, Curt. 8, 4, ad init.: I 
came to Capua amid t.s of rain, maximo 
imbri Capuam veni, Cic. Fam. 4, 20: cf. 
Virg. G. 1, 333, densissimus imber : 
t.s of blood, multus, plurimus sanguis, 
Liv. 2, 64, med. (pugnatum ingenti caede 
utrimque, plurimo sanguine): ¢t.s of 
tears, multae lacrimae, Caes. B. G. 1, 20. 
Wl. Fig.: of that which rushes on 
tly: torrens: e. g. verborum: 
Quint. 10, 7,23. Nearly in same sense, 
flumen: v. FLOOD. 
torrid: torridus: the ¢. zone, zona t.: 
geog. t. t. (described by Virg. G. 1, 234, 
as zona.... torrida semper ab igni: by 
Plin. 2, 68, thus; media terrarum..... 
exusta flammis et cremata comminus 
vapore torrentur): Kr. quotes torrida 
zona from Plin., but without ref. Phr.: 
the t. zone, pars (terrae) fervidis inclusa 
caloribus, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 37: also, qua 
parte debacchantur ignes, ib. 3, 3, 55: 
not far from the t. zone, haud procul ab 
ardoribus, Sall. Jug. 18. 
torso: perh. * truncum signum. 
tortoise: testtido, inis, /.: Cic.: 
Plin. Oft. to denote a kind of military 
shield-work or shed: to advance a t. 
against a place, t. agere, Caes. B. G. 5, 
43: to format.,t.facere,id. Of at.,t.-, 
testudineus: e. g. t. pace [“ snail’s pace”’), 
t. gradus, Pl. Aul.1, 1, 10. (Chélys, Gk. 
xeAvs, only in Petr. fr. p. 682, Burm.) 
— -shell: testiidinis pitamen: to 
cut t. into thin plates, testudinum pu- 
tamina in lamnas secare, Plin. 9, 11, 13. 
Also meton. testudo: Virg. G. 2, 463. 
Of t., testudineus: Tib.: Prop. Hence, 
testudinea, orum, articles made of t., 
Javol. Dig. 32, 100, § 4. 
torture (subs.): |. Pain inflicted 
with a view to obtain confession or evi- 
dence: 1, tormentum (almost always 
pl.: used also sor the instrument of t.): 
to make inquiry by t., tormentis quae- 


rere, Cic. Deiot. 1, fir. : 


[quid sit veri), Plin. Ep. 10, 97 (96), 8: 
to do so with the severest t.s, omnibus t. 





or cruel 
ment of a cruel kind): to kill a person 
with the most cruel t.s, aliquem omni s. 
cruciatum necare, Cic. Man. 5, init.: cf. 
s. miserrima et crudelissima perferre 
[fig.], id. ad Pomp. [Att. 8, 11]. 





TORTURER 


per t. quaerere 


vebementissimis quaerere, Cic. Clu. 63, 
176: cf. verberibus ac t. quaestionem 


habere, id. Ph. 11, 2, 5: to wring out a 
confession by t., tormentis confessionem 
exprimere, Suet. Tib. 19: to apply t., 
t. adhibere, Cic. Off. 3, 9, ; 
quaestio (of slaves: lit. examination, 
which in their case was made under t.) : 
to reveal anything under t. [of a slave), 
in quaestione aliquid dicere, Cic. Clu. 63, 


39. 


176: to demand a slave to be examined 


under t., servum in quaestionem postu- 
lare, ib. 64, extr. 


Il. Pain inflicted 
by way of punishment or cruelty : a 


criciatus, tis (cruel and inhuman treat- 
ment): to be put to death with cruel t.s, 
cum cruciatu necari, Caes. B. G. 5, 45: 
cf. ib. 56, omnibus cruciatibus affectus 
necatur: to be mangled with extreme t.s, 
per ultimos c. lacerari, Curt. 6, 11: to 


be hurried away to t., in cruciatum 


abripi, Ter. Andr. 4, 4, 47: to submit to 
(any) t., dare se in c., Cic. R. Am. 41, 


2. supplicium: (any very severe 
penalty, esp. capital punish- 


119. 


3. 
tormenta, orum (cf. supr. 1): to put a 


person to death by fire and every con- 
ceivable t., aliquem igne atque omnibus 


t. excruciatum interficere, Caes. B. G. 


6, 18 (19): the sing. occurs in this sense, 
Suet. Tib. 62 (fidicularum simul urinae- 
que tormento). See also verb (foll. art.). 


4, carnificina (executioner’s worlc) : 
to undergo t., c. subire, Cic. Tuse. 5, 27, 
78: Liv. Instruments of t.: tormenta: 
(gen. term): Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 89 [also 
perh. so to be understood in the passages 


given under I.]: specially équtleus (v. 


RACK); fidicitlae, arum (cords for dis- 


tending the limbs): Suet. 1. c.: Sen.: 
also, verbera, ignis; enumerated among 


the instrumenta crudelitatis, Curt. 6, 11. 
WI. Any extreme suffering: 1, cri- 
ciatus: to undergo incredible t.s (from 


gout), incredibiles c. fet indignissima 


tormenta] pati, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 6: to 
cause dreadful t.s, taetros c. ciere, Cic. 
poet. Fin. 2, 29, 94: used of mental 
agony, id. Att. 11, 11 (confectus jam 
cruciatu. maximorum dolorum). 2. 
tormentum: no acuter t. than envy, 
invidia non majus t., Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 59: 
the t.s of Fortune, Fortunae t., Cic. Tusc. 
By, ke Cla Steprs CL): 3. expr. by 
dolores, with some intensive word: v. 
PAIN, TORMENT. 4, carnificina: Cic. 
Tuse. 3, 13, init. (used as a very strong 
expr., downright torture: quum omnis 
aegritudo miseria est, tum carnificina 
est aegritudo), 

torture (v-): 1, torqueo, si, tum, 
2 (both lit. and fig.) : to t. any one like a 
slave, aliquem servilem in modum t., 
Suet. Aug. 27: Cic. Fig.: to be t.d by 
envy or fear, invidia, metu torqueri, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 37: Cie. Comps.: (1.) 
extorqueo, 2 (strengthened from simple 
verb): t. me! (and see) if such ts not the 


Fact, extorque, nisi ita factum est, Ter. 


Ad. 3, 4, 37: Liv.: more freq. = TO EX- 
TORT, WRING FROM (q. V.). (2.) distor- 
queo, 2 (fig.): he t.d (them) in a novel 
way, novo quaestionis genere distorsit, 
Suet. Dom. 10: also fig., Sen. 2 
cricio, excriicio, I: V.TO TORMENT. 8, 
lacéro, 1 (lit. to tear and mangle: hence, 
to use with great cruelty): grief ts the 
heart, aegritudo 1. animum, Cic. poet. 
Tusc. 3, 13: more fully, animum dolori- 
bus 1., Vell. 2, 130: cf. Auct. Dom. 23, 
init., omni crudelitate lL, Ov. 4, other 
phn may be derived from preced. art, 
and artt. RACK (subs. and verb): €. g- 
tormenta adhibere, tormenta admovere 
(Curt. 6, 11), in equuleum injicere, ete. 
torturer: 1, tortor (@ person 
who inflicts torture, in senses j US He 
subs.): Cic. Clu. 63, 177: Hor.: Curt. 
Fig.: of conscience: Juv. 13, 195. 9: 
carnifex, icis (executioner): Pl.; Cic. 





TOUCH UPON 








torturing (adj.): v. ToRMENTING, 
T. pain, cruciatus (dolorum): v. Tur- 
TURE. T. suspense, anxietas (dubitatio) 
quae animum versat atque sollicitat. 
toss (v.): j. Lit.: jacto, 1: to be 
t.’d at sea, (tempestate) in alto jactari, 
Cic. Inv. 2,31: Virg. Tot. about (e. g. 
the head), qniitio, quasso: ¥. TO SHAKE, 
ll. Fig.: of the mind: Agito, versa, 
sollicito, 1: Vv. TO AGITATE, DISQUIET. 
toss (subs.): jactus, fis: v. THROW. 
total (adj.): titus, iniversus, cunc- 
tus: V. ALL, WHOLE. 
total (subs.): summa: v. suM. 
totality : ], summa: v. sum. 
2. iiniversitas (the whole taken to- 
gether) : in the t. of things (the universe), 
in u. rerum, Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120; I’lin. 
See also WHOLE, 
totally: omnino, plane, prorsus, 
etc.: V. WHOLLY, ALTOGETHER. 
totter: 1, labo, 1 (to be on the 
point of falling): the image ts, signum 
L, Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 95- 2. niito, 1 
the ash t.s, ornus n., Wirg. Aen. 2, 6go: 
to steady the t.ing state, rem publicam 
nutantem stabilire, Suet. Vesp. 8. ty 
vacillo, 1: V. WAVER, SWAY, STAGGER. 
4. titiibo, 1: v. REEL, STAGGER. 
T.ing steps, titubata vestigia, Virg. Aen. 
5, 332. 
tottering: vicillatio: v. RERLING. 
Or expr. by circuml. with verb. 
touch (subs.): t l. The act: j, 
touching: tactus, us: Jute- 
strings answer to every t., chordae ad 
quemque t. respondent, Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 
216: a slight t., levis t., Ov. Met. 4, (80. 
The sense of t., t., Cic. N. D, 2. §6, 141. 
2. tactio (as verbal subs. with ace.) : 
quid tibi hane digito tactio est, Plaut. 
Poen. 5, 5, 29. The sense of t., t., Cie. 
Tusc. 4,9, 20. |]. Contact: 1, con- 
tagio: Cic. Div. 1, 30,63. 2, contactus, 
ts: Virg. : Plin. 3, contages, is, /.. 
Lucr. 4, contagium: Lucr.: Plin. 
5. attactus, fis (only in ab. 
sing.): Ov. Met. 14, 414: Virg. 6 
stringor: the t. of cold water, s. gelidae 
aquai, Lucr. 3, 693. —_[I],_7. &. im Art: 
perh. pénicillus, ef. Cic. Fr. 2, 15 
(N.B.—7. used metaph. for delicate or 
subtle marks of character or quality 
must generally be expr. by subtilis o7 
some other adj. according te the con- 
text.] Phr.: the finishing t., manus 
extrema, Cic. Brut. 33, 126: v. STROKE. 
touch (v.): |, Lit.: 1, tango, 
tétigi, tactum, 3: to t. the ground with 
the knee, t. genu terram, Cic. Tuse. 2, 24, 
57: she td their faces with a want, 
ora virga t., Ov. Met. 14, 413. Of food: 
wolves did not t. the bodies, corpora non 
t. lupi, Ov. Met. 7, 550: Plaut. [v. 
TASTE}. 9, attingo, tigi, tactum, 3: 
before the battering ram had t.’d the 
wall, priusquam aries murum attigisset, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 32: (no one) has t.’d a 
fraction of my booty, de praeda mea 
(nemo) teruncium a., Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 4- 
3, contingo, 3: the moon almost t.- 
ing the earth, luna terram paene c., id. 
Div. 2, 41, gf: V. BEACH, SEE, 4, 
attrecto, I, contrecto, I: V. HANDLE, 
5, afficio, 3: v. arFEcT. Not to t,, 
abstineo (with refl. pron. and abl.), Cic.- 
v. ABSTAIN. 10 t. lightly, libo, 1 (poet.), 
Ov. A.A. 1,577 I. Fig.: to affect 
mentally: 1, tango, 3: to t. the heart 
by a complaint, cor t. querela, Hor. 
A. P. 98: Cic.: Liv. 9, attingo, 3: 
Luer.: Cic.: Liv.: Vv. AFFECT 3. 
afficio, féci, fectum: Cic.: v. AFFECT. 
4, miveo, movi, métum, 2° Vv. 
MOVE. 5, flecto, xi, xum, 3: ¥. BEND, 
SOFTEN. 6, stringo, nxi, ctum, 3: the 
spectacle of filial piety t’d his heart, 
animum patriae $s pietatis imago, Virg. 
Aen. 9, 294. Phr.: tot, t nearly, any 
one’s honour or character, violare ali- 
cujus existimationem, Cic, Fam. 13, 73. 
eat: nautical & &: expr. by 
appellere navem with ad or in (ripam, 
littus, etc.): cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 11, 26: id. 
Att. 13, 21. 





— upon: |. Lit.: tango, at- 
tingo: V. BORDER. T.ing upon: con- 
tiguus, conterminus: Vv. BORDERING, 


TOUCH-HOLE 


NEIGHBOURING. Il. Fig.: 1, at- 
tingo, 3: I t. upon those subjects un- 
willingly, invitus ea a. Liv. 28, 27 
Plaut.: Cic.: Sall. Q. tango, 3: that 
third point which has been t.'d upon by 
Crassus, illud tertium quod a Crasso 
tactum est, Cic. de Or. 2, 10, 43: I will 
t. upon each point slightly, leviter unum 
quodque t., id. Rosc. Am. 30, 83. 3. 
perstringo, nxi, ctum, 3: to merely ft. 
upon each subject, tantummodo p. un- 
amquamque rem, ib. 32, gt. Join: 
perquam breviter p. atque attingere, id. 
de Or. 2, 49, 201. 4, délibo, 1 (rare 
in this sense), fo t. wpon everything in 
telling a story, omnia narratione d., 
Quint. 4, 2, 55. 5, percurro, 3: v. RUN 
OVER, CURSORY. Or expr. by adv. sum- 
Inatim, strictim, with verbs meaning to 
speak, etc. Phr.: which topics your 
fine rhetoricians have not so much as 
t.'d upon, quae isti rhetores ne primori- 
bus quidem labris attigissent, id. 1, 19, 
87: to t. upon the principal points, re- 
Tum summas attingere, Nep. Pelop. 1. 
touch-hole: * foramen tormenti cui 
scintilla apponitur. 
touching (prep.): quod attinet ad: 
t. our dealings with the people we seem, 
etc., quod ad popularem rationem a. 
videmur..., Cie. Fam. 1, 2. 2. de: 
t. Otho I have misgivings, de Othone 
diffido, id. Att. 12, 42: v. CONCERNING. 
8, ad, quod ad: v. as (Phr.: C. 
As to or for). Or, in some cases, expr. 
by simple acc.: e.g. t. that which you 
said, namely, that, etc., I quite agree 


utth you, illud quod a te dictum est | 


esse, etc., valde tibi assentior, id. de Or. 
I, 28, 126: v. (WITH) REGARD (TO). 

touching (aaj.): 1, mollis (poet.): 

t. plaints, m. querelae, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 17. 

2. flexanimus: Cie.: Cat.: v. AF- 

FECTING. Expr. by verb: v. ToucH, IL, 


AFFECT. 
touch-stone: |. Lit.: ib 
cotictla: Plin. 33, 8, 43. 2. lapis 


Heraclius Lydius: ib. 
m.: Ov. Met. 2, 06. 4. *schistus 
Lydius: Linn. Phr.: after applying 
the t., postquam indicium est factum, 
Vitr. 9, 3. Il. Fig. : obrussa (a test- 
ng of gold): reason must be used as a 
t., adhibenda tanquam obrussa ratio, 
Cic. Brut. 74, 258: to apply the t. to 
arguments, argumenta ad obrussam exi- 
gere, Sen. Q. N. 4, 5. 

— -wood: *lignum putre. 

touchy: 1, offensioni pronior, 
ef. Tac. Ann. 4, 29. 2. stémachosus: 
a somewhat t. letter : stomachosiores lit- 
terae, Cic. Att. 3, 11, fin. 3. mollis 
ad accipiendam offensionem (of disposi- 
tion, animus), Cic. Att. 1, 17: v. IRRI- 
TABLE, CHOLERIC. 

tough: |. Not brittle : 1, 
lentus : 6. boughs, 1. rami, Virg. Georg. 4, 
558. 2, durus: a t. fowl, d. gallina, 
Hor. Sat. 2, 4, 18: Plin. 8. ténax: 
" v. TENACIOUS. |, Not easy: difficilis, 
arduus: Vv. DIFFICULT, HARD. 

toughness: diritia: ¢. of the skin 
(of a@ serpent), d. pellis, Ov. Met. 3, 63. 
(N.B.—Lentitia = either flexibility or 
viscosity. | 

tour: 1, iter, itinéris, ». (gen. 
term): v. JOURNEY. 2. péregrinatio 
(in foreign countries): Cic.: in pl., id. 
Am. 2%, 10}. 3. lustratio (rare): a 
t. through the municipal towns, 1. muni- 
cipiorum, id. Phil 2, 23, 57. 4. cir- 
cuitus, is, m.: after a t. through Asia 
and Syria he came to Egypt, Asiae 
Syriacque circuitu Aegyptum petit, 
Suet. Aug. 17. [N.B.—Not excursio.] 
Phr.: to make a t. through or round, 
circumeo, lustro, péragro: v. TRAVERSE, 
GO (ROUND): after making a t. round 
the nearest islands, proximis insulis 
circuitis, Suet. Aug. 98. To take a 
walking t., pérambilo, 1: v. WALK. 

tourist: 1, viat.r (gen. term): 
Vv. TRAVELLER. 2, péregrinator (a ¢. 
in a foreign country): Cic. Fam. 6, 18. 

tournament: *decursio equestris, 
cf. Suet. Cal. 18: *ludus equester : 
*ludicrum equitum certamen: *eques- 
tris pugnae spectaculum. 

870 


3. index, icis, 








TOWARDS 





tow (subs.): stuppa: Liv. 21, 8: 
Caes.: Plin. Burning t., stuppea 
flamma, Virg. Aen. 8, 694. Made of t., 
stuppeus, Virg.: Ov. Lertaining to t., 
stupparius, Plin. 

tow (v.): naut. f. ¢.: expr. by verb 
meaning draw, with abl. of remulcum 
(a t.-line, t.-rope): e. g. he t.s away 
the vessel, navem remulco abstrahit, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 23, fin.: to t. a ship, na- 
vem remulco trahere, Liv. 25, 30: he t.s 
the merchantmen as prizes into Alexan- 
dria, naves onerarias remulco victricibus 
suis navibus Alexandriam deducit, A uct. 
B. Alex. 11, fin. Or expr. by Adigo (v. 
CONVEY): cf. Tac. Ann. 11, 18: or by 
traho simply, cf. ib. 2,24. Men who t. 
vessels, Equisones nautici, Varr. in Non. 
116, 1: helciarii, Mart. 4, 64, 22. 


toward: _[. Denoting 
towards (prep.): motion in the 
direction of any object: 1, adversus 


(with acc.): they charge t. the hill, im- 
petum a. montem faciunt, Caes. B. C. 1, 
46: who is coming t. me? quis me a. 
incedit ? Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 18. 2). 
versus (following its case, used chiefly 
with names of towns; with other 
subs. in or ad are used, and versus is 
added adverbially): J turned from 
Minturnae t. Arpinum, verti me a 
Minturnis Arpinum v., Cic. Att. 16, 
1o: to shift his quarters at one 
time t. the city at another t. Gaul, 
modo ad urbem modo in Galliam versus 
castra movere, Sall. Cat. 56. 8. ad 
(rare in this sense): hills and fields 
seem to fly t. the ship, fugere ad pup- 
pim colles campique videntur, Lucr. 4, 
390(v. TO). T. is often expr. in Latin 
by ad or ob in comp. with a verb: 
v. L. G. § 556. 4, obviam: v. To 
MEET. T. some place, aliquo vorsum, 
Plaut.: t. the right, dextrorsum or -sus 
(Vv. RIGHT): ¢. the left, sinistrorsum or 
-SUS (V. LEFT). ||. Of direction with- 
out any idea of motion, often of geogr. 
position : 1, ad: Gaul turns t. the 
north, Gallia vergit ad septentriones, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: freq. in Plin. 2 


in : the Belgians lie t. the north and east, | 


Belgae spectant in septentriones et 


orientem solem, Caes. B. G.1, 1: Tac.: | 
windows turned t. the road, fenestrae | 


in viam versae, Liv. 1, 41. 8. ad- 
versus: V. OPPOSITE TO. II]. Of time, 
denoting approximation : 1, stb: ¢. 


night, sub noctem, Caes. B. C. 1, 28: ¢. | 


early dawn, sub lumina prima, Hor. Sat. 
2, 7,33. 2. in: if the ferer increases 
t. night, si febris in noctem augetur, 
Cels. 7, 27. IV. Fig.: of inclination 
or action directed to a person or per- 
sonified object : 1, erga (generally 
of friendly feelings and after subs.) : the 
kindness of our friends t. us, benevo- 
lentia amicorum e. nos, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 
60. 2. adversus: the greatest fair- 
ness t. others, summa a. alios aequitas, 
Liv. 3, 33: Tac. 8. in (with acc.) : 


Saithful and kind t. her, fidelis et ben- 


ignus in illam, Ter. Hee. 3, 5, 22: most 
generous t. every class of men, in omne 
genus hominum liberalissimus, Suet. 
Vesp. 7: @ fatherly feeling t. his 
brothers, in fratres animus paternus, Hor. 
Od. 2. 2, 6: brotherly love t. me, amor 
in nos fraternus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1 (v. FOR): 
forbearance * cuppliants, clementia in 
supplices, Pliu. 8, 16, 19. 4. contra 
(tare): the elephant’s forbearance t. 
weaker creatures, clementia elephanti 
contra minus validos, ib. 7, 7. 5, in 
(with a@bl., usu. after expressions signi- 
fying hatred, rage, cruelty, etc.): he was 
cruel t. a foe, saevus in hoste fuit, Ov. 
Am. 1, 7, 34: also gen. when the dis- 
position is represented in connection 
with the object, but not in reference to 
any particular manifestation: e. g. to 
show pity t. human misfortunes, ad- 
hibere in hominum fortunis misericord- 
iam, Cic. Rab. Perd. 2,5. 6, adversus: 
his old hatred t. the Armenians, vetus a. 
Armenios odium, Tac. Ann. 13, 37 (Vv. 
FOR, AGAINST). TJ. may freq. be ren- 
dered in Latin after a subs. by the objec- 
tive gen., when there is no danger of 





TRACE 
ambiguity: e. g. love t. one’s country, 
caritas patriae, Cic. Off. 3, 27, 100: com- 
passion t. the masses, misericordia vulgi, 
Caes. B. G.1, 15: v. For, and L. G. § 268. 
Also to entertain any feeling t. any one 
Muy be expr. by the corresponding 
Latin verb governing the case of the 
object: e. g. to feel affection t. any one, 
aliquem amare. 
toward (adj.) t 1. ddcilis: v. 
towardly: TEACHABLE. 2. 
tractabilis: v. TRACTABLE. 8, facilis: 
Vv. COMPLIANT. 4. habilis: v. man- 
AGEABLE. _ §, officidsus: v. OBLIGING, 
DUTIFUL. 6. sécundus: v. FAvouR- 
ABLE. '7, promptus, piratus: v. READY. 
8, obséquens: v.compLIaNT. 9, 
propensus, inclinatus ad: v. INCLINED. 
10, aptus: v. Fr. 
towardness: 1, docilitas 
towardliness:§ (teachableness) : 
Cic.: Plin.: Suet. Q, facilitas (readi- 
ness), Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28. 3, pro- 
pensus animus, id. Att. 13, 21. 4, 
propensa voluntas: cf. Auct. B. Alex. 
26. 5, obséquentia: v. COMPLIANCE. 
towel: 1, mantélé, is, m., and 
mantélium: they bring t.s with shorn 
nap, tonsis ferunt m. villis, Virg. Aen. 
1,702: Varr, Q, perh. sidarium: cf. 
Mart. 11, 39, 3. 
tower (subs.): 1, turris, f.: Cic.: 
Caes.: Liv.: Hor. 2. arx, arcis, f. 
(a keep on a height): v. crraDEL. 3: 
castellum: v. FoRT. A little t., turri- 
cila, Vitr. 
tower (v.): émineo: v. sTaND (OUT), 
RISE. Ting rocks, turriti scopuli, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 536. Phr.: to be in a t.ing 
passion, exardescere iracundia ac stom- 
acho, Cic. Verr. 2, 20, 48. 
tow-line: 1, rémulcum: v. To 
Tow. Q, funis, m. (gen. term): Prop. 
I, 14, 4: V. ROPE. 
town: 1. urbs, bis, f.: to fly 
From t.to the country, rus ex urbe evo- 
lare, Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22. Phr.: alasf 
how often Ihave been the talk of the t., 
heu me, per urbem fabula quanta fi’. 
Hor. Epod. 11, 13: v. CITY. 2 
pidum (other than the metropolis, which 
is urbs, though o. was occasionally ap- 
plied to Rome): im the metropolis or 
any t., urbe oppidove ullo, Suet. Oth. 1. 
3, municipium (in Italy, a t. sub- 
ject to Rome but self-governed): men 
Sirom country t.s, homines ex municipiis 
rusticanis, Cic. Rose. Am. 15, 43: Caes. 
A small t., oppidilum : Cic. Att. 10, 7: 
Hor. A t.-councillor, déciirio, Cic. Sest. 
4, 10: Caes. In every t., oppidatim: 
Suet. Adj.: urbanus: ¢. life, u. vita, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 15 urbanitas, Cic. Fam. 
7,6. A man about t., urbanus scurra, 
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 14. 
— -crier: praeco, dnis, m.: Cic.: 
Hor.: v. CRIER. 
— -hall: ciiria: Cic. Att. 6, 1. 
townsman: 1, oppidanus: Caes. 
2. municipalis homo, Cic. Att. 8, 
13. 8, civis: v. CITIZEN. 
toy (subs.): |. A plaything: 1: 
crépundia, orum, n. pl. (a child’s rattle) : 
Plaut.: Cic. 2, oblectamenta puér- 
orum, id. Parad. 5,2. Phr.: to give up 
t.s, nuces relinquere, Pers. 1, Io. ll. 
A trifle: Vv. TRIFLE. 
toy (v.): v. TO PLAY. 
—— -man: * qui crepundia vendit. 
—- -shop: *taberna qua crepundia 
venduntur. 
trace: |. Foot-print, or any mark 
or indication: , vestigium : obscure 
t.s of a flying foe, incerta fugae v., Tac. 
Agr. 38: t. of @ deer, v. cervae, Ov. 
Trist. 5, 9, 27: Caes.: Cie.: Liv. Fig.: 
there is not even at. of dignity left about 
me, ne v. quidem ullum est reliquum 
nobis dignitatis, Cic. Fam. 4, 14. o 
indicium (sign, token): t. and proofs of 
crime, i. atque argumenta sceleris, id. 
Cat. 3,5,13. Join: ts of poison, i. et 
vestigia veneni, id. €lu. ro, 30. 7 
signum: ¢. of feet, s. pedum, Ov. Met. 
4, 544. Join: s. notaeque pedum, id. 
Fast. 3,650: v.siGn. 4, significatio: 
some t. of merit, aliqua s. virtutis, Cic. 
Off. 1, 46: v. SIGN, MARK, TOKEN, VEY 


ape 
i 


ae *, 


_— 


. TRACK 





TRAIN 





tick. Phr.: not the slightest t. ap- 
pears, nec nota nec vestigium apparet 
or extat, Varr. in Non. 416, 10 and 22. 
||. A strap that fastens a horse to 

the shafts of a carriage, per. helcium, 
App. M. 8, p. 222: v. HARNESS. 

track (subs.): |. A trace: vesti- 
gium: v. TRACE. A wheel-t.: orbita: 
Cic.: v. RUT. Il. 4 path: callis, is, 
m. (f. in Liv.): unfrequented t.s, deviae 
c., Liv. 22, 14: hidden Ls, secreti c., 
Virg. Aen. 6, 443: Vv. PATH. 

trace: 1, vestigo, I 

—  -out; >(v.):< (rare): to t. by 

track: scent, v. odore, 
Plin. 8, 18,25. Fig.: to t. causes, cau- 
sas rerum v., Cic. de ‘ni. 2, 39, 166. 2, 
investigo, 1: the keenness of dogs’ scent 
for tang, canum ad inyestgandum 
sagacitas narium, id. N. D. 2, 63. i 
pervestigo, 1: you would call them 
hounds, so keenly did they scent and t. 
out everything, canes venaticos diceres, 
ita omnia odorabantur et p., id. Verr. 4, 
13,31. 4, indago,1: ‘he dog born tot., 
canis natus ad i., id. Fin. 2, 13, 39. ‘ 
Odoror, I: v. TO SCENT. 6, vestigiis 
sequor: cf. Liv. 9, 45: v. FOLLOW UP, 
PURSUE. 7. exploro, 1: Vv. SEARCH. 
Poet.: vestigia retro observata lego, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 392. 

trackless: 1. avius: ¢t. moun- 
tains, a. montes, Hor. Od. 1, 23, 2: 
Sall.; Virg. 2, invius: v. mrpass- 


ABLE. 
tract: |. Avegion: 1, tractus, 
is: the vast t.s of the Alps lie be- 


tween, mediae jacent immensis t. Alpes, 
Lucan 2, 630: Cic.: Hor. 9. régio: 
vy, REGION. Phr.: unlimited ts of 
e, iummensa et interminata in omnes 
partes regionum magnitudo, Cic. N. D. 
1, 20, 54, ||, A small treatise, gen. 
religious : , libellus: v. PAMPHLET. 
92. tractatus, is: Plin. 14, 4, 5. 
3, perh. chartiila: cf. Cic, Fam. 


7, 18. 4, commentatio: v. TREA- 
TISE. 

tractable: 1. tractabilis: a courage- 
ous at. ition is gentle and t. in Jriend- 


ship, virtus est in amicitia tenera et t., 
Cie. Am. 13, 48: Ov.: Virg.: Quint. 
Of things: t. material, t. materies, Vitr. 
2,9, fin. — Q, flexibilis: Cic. Att. Io, 
II. 8, docilis: v. TEACHABLE. 4, 
mollis (in bad sense): v. YIELDING. 
5, facilis: v.compLrantT. 6, ob- 

séquens, obséquidsus: v. COMPLAISANT. 

tractableness: docilitas: v. poci- 
Lity: expr. by the adj. 

trade: 1, mercatiira: wholesale 
t., mM. magna et copiosa, Cic. Off. 1, 42. 
151: retail t., m. tenuis, ib. 2. com- 
merciim (commercial intercourse): Sall. 
Jug. 18,6: they first carried on a t. in 
frankincense, c. thuris primi fecere, 
Plin. 12, 14, 30. 8. mercatus, is: 
Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 6: v. TRAFFIC. i 
négotium, négotia, pl. (af money-lend- 
ers): V. BUSINESS. Phr.: Jam in busi- 
ness and driving a thriving t., rem gero 
et Iucrum facio, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 34: to 
carry on a t. in anything, vendo, ven- 
dito (v. SELL): free t., *liberum com- 
mercium: whither all used to resort for 
purposes of t., quo omnes cum mercibus 
commeabant, Cic. Manil. 18, fin.: mer- 
chants carry on t. with them, ad eos 
mercatores commeant, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: 
Vv. TRAFFIC. T. (opp. to a profession), 
sordida ars, Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150. 7.- 
mark, *nota mercibus impressa. 

trade (v.): 1, mercaturas facio 
(of many): Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 72. 2s 
mercor, 1: Plaut., Mere. prol. 82. on 
commereor, I: to t. in weapons, tela c., 
Sall. Jug. 66: Plaut. 4. négotior (to 
carry on a banking business in the pro- 
vinces): also gen.: for the purpose of 
ting, negotiandi causa, Liv. 32, 29: v. 
TRADE (subs.). T.ing vessel : navis one- 
raria, Caes.: Liv. 


trader: 1, mercator (esp. whole- 
sale dealers): Caes.: Cic. 2, négo- 
tidtor (a money-lender): also gen.: 


3, négotians, ntis: 


1. négdtiator: a 


Suet. Ner. 32. 
Cic. Att. §, 20. 
tradesman: 








smal t., mercis sordidae n., Quint. 1, 12, 
1}. 2. caupo, Onis: v. HUCKSTER. 
trade-wind: *ventus qui certo 
tempore ex (eadem) parte caeli perpetuo 
spirat, cf. Gell. 2, 2 (the description of 
the Etesiae). 
tradition: 1. fama: as the old 
t. goes, vetus est ut f., Hor. Sat. 2, 1, 36. 
Q. traditio: Gell. Phr.: to hand 
down by t., memoriae posteris tradere, 
Liv. 3, 67 ; memoriae prodere, Caes. B. G. 
5, 12: the t. is not warranted, non 
traditur certum, ib. 2,8: to hand down 
a t. of the battle, t. memoriam pugnae 
posteris, id. 8, 10: according to t., ut 
quod memoria proditum, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 
54. Phr.: there is an old t., ab anti- 
quis traditur, Plin. 7, 54. A mere t., 
fabiila: most ancient t.s, fabulae ab 
ultima antiquitate repetitae, Cic. Fin. 
I, 20, 65: there is a fabulous t., anti- 
quitas fabulose narravit, Plin. 12, 19, 42. 
traditional : 1, ab majoribus 
traditus: v. HAND DOWN. 9. trans- 
laticius: V. TRANSMITTED, HEREDITARY. 
3. patrius (rare in this sense): a ¢. 
custom, p. mos, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, fin. 
traduce: expr. by Phr.: de ab- 
sente detrahendi causa maledice con- 
tumelioseque dico: cf. Cic. Off. 1, 37, 
134: probrum, infamiam alicui infero, 
id. Cael. 18, 42: absenti male loquor, 
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 25: aliquem variis 
rumoribus differo, ‘Tac. A. I, 4: v. TO 
CALUMNIATE, DEFAME, ASPERSE, SLAN- 
DER. 
traducer: 1, obtrectator: Cic. : 
Quint. 2. criminodsus: Cic. Clu. 34, 
94- 8, cilumniator: v. (FALSE) Ac- 
CUSER. 
traffic (subs.): |. Of passengers : 
expr. by commeo, I (to pass to and fro), 
or by concursus: V. CONCOURSE, CROWD. 
|]. Sartering, trade: commercium: 
Vv. TRADE. 
traffic (v.): mutare res inter se, 
Sall. J. 18: v. TO TRADE, BARTER. Phr.: 
to t. in our lives, anima statim nostra 
negotiari, Plin. 29, 2, 5. 


tragedian : ], tragoedus : Cic. : 
Plaut.: Hor. Q, actor tragicus: Liv. 
24, 24. 

tragedy: 1, tragoedia: to write 


t.s, t. facere, Cic. Sen. 7, 22: t. scribere, 
id. Q. Fr. 3, 6: to act t., t. agere, id. 
Ati 1, Fs: 2. tragicum carmen: 
Hor. A. P. 220. A writer of t., tragicus, 
Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4: Cic.: Quint. The 
Orestes of t., tragicus O., Cic. Pis. 20, 47. 
tragic: 1], tragicus (Lit. and 
tragical:s Fig.): Cic.: Hor.: Liv. 
92. cOthurnatus: a ¢. poet, c. vates, 
Ov. Am. 2,18,18& Fig.: 1, tristis : 
Vv. MELANCHOLY. 2. horribilis: v. 
DREADFUL. 3, Miser, misérabilis: v. 
PITIFUL. Join: the t. fate (of the 
youths), horribiles miserique casus (ju- 
venum), Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11: V. AWFUL. 
7. style (in poet.), cothurnus, Virg. Ecl. 
8, 10: Hor.: Ov. 
tragically: |, Lit.: triigicé - Cic. 
. Fig.: miserabiliter (pitiably); 
Cic.: or expr. by adj.: also v. AWFULLY, 
WRETCHEDLY. 
tragicomedy : 
Plaut. Am. prol. 59. 
trail (subs.) ; vestigia, orum, n. pl.: 
V. TRACK. 
trail (v.): triho: v. prac. 
train (swbs.): |. Gen.; 1, ordo: 
V. ORDER. 2. séries: v. SUCCESSION. 
Il. Anything drawn along after 
anything in motion: tractus, ts, m.: 
to draw long t.s of flame, longos flam- 
marum ducere t., Lucr. 2,207. [J. OF 
a dress: péniciilamentum, Enn. Ann. 
II, 13: a@ robe, with a ¢., syrma ae, 
Juv. 8, 229: Sen.: @ t.-beav'e, *puer a 
syrma. IV. Of an army: impédi- 
menta, orum, ”.: V. BAGGAGE: also v. 
ARTILLERY, SIEGE,GUNPOWDER. Y, Of 
railways : * ordo vebiculorum vaporibus 
motorum. YJ. Of merchandize : com- 
meatus: v. CARAVAN. YJ. Of atten- 
dants: pompa, turba sequentium: v. 
RETINUE. 
train (v.): |. To educate : oq? 
instituo, ui, fitum, 3: & t. any one in 


tragicécdmoedia : 











YRANQUILLITY 





speaking, i. aliquem ad dicendum, Cic, 
de Or. 2, 39: lo t. a hound to follow 
scent, i. canem vestigia sequi, Sen. Cle- 
ment. 1,16. Q, fingo, finxi, fictum, 3: 
he t.s the horse to go, fingit equum ire 
viam, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 64: ‘Ter. 3. 
condécéfacio, féci, factum, 3 (to t. to 
gether): to t. beasts, c. belluas, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 64, 161: to t. the mind, c. 
animum, id. Tuse. 5, 31, 87. 4. con- 
déceo, 2 (rare): Hirt.: Plaut. Il. Zo 
exercise, drill, prepare for a race or 
struggle: exerceo, 2: to t. youth, juven- 
tutem e., Caes. B.G. 6, 213: they t. them- 
selves to run, e. se ad cursuram, Plaut. 
Most. 4, 1, 5: refl.: athletes are t.ing, 
exercentur athletae, Cic. ‘Tusc. 2, 23, 56. 
Fig.: tot. the memory, exercendue me- 
moriae causa, id. deSen. 11, 38 Trained: 
exercitatus: Lit. Caes.: Fig., Cic.: 
Quint. Ill. To habituate: assuéfacio, 
feci, factum, 3 (with abl.): to t. to arms, 
a. armis, Cic. Brut. 2,7: Caes. (with dat.) : 
Liv.: Tac.. Plin.: they t. horses to stand 
quite still, equos eodem remanere ves- 
tigio a., Caes. B. G. 4, 2: v. accUsTOM. 

trainer: exercitor: Curculio is his 
t., he teaches him running, buic Cur- 
culio ’st e., istum hominem cursuram 
docet, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 9. 

training: 1, disciplina: v. vts- 
CIPLINE, INSTRUCTION. Q, exercititio: 
V. EXERCISE, PRACTISE. 

trait: néta: v. FEATURE. 

traitor: 1, perduellis, is, m. 
(against one’s country, against the go- 
vernment): Cic.: Plaut. 2. per- 
duellionis reus; majestatis reus: v. 
TREASON. 3. parricida, ae: ¢. to the 
state, p. reipublicae, Sall. Cat. 51: Tac. 

4, proditor: a t. to his country, p. 

patriae, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64: v. BETRAYER. 

traltorous: perfidus: v. TREACH- 
Erous. Or expr. by subs. or verb: 
V. TRAITOR, BETRAY. 

traitorously : v. TREACHEROUSLY. 

trammel] (subs.): vinctilum, caténa, 
impédimentum: Vv. FETTER, HINDRANCE. 

trammel (v.): vinculis astringo, im- 
pédio: v. FETTER, HINDER, 





trample: j. Lit.: caleo, 1, 
=e IRs obtéro, 3, prdculco, 1, 
-upon: )protéro, 3: Vv. TREAD 
(Down), crusH. Phr.: a plain td 


continually by horses, campus assiduis 
pulsatus equis, Ov. Met. 6, 219. Il. 
Fig.: 1, calco, 1: to t. on love, 
pedibus c. amorem, id. Am. 3, II, 5. 
Join: obtero et c., Liv. 34, 2. 2. 
conculco, 1: to t, on wretched Italy, c. 
miseram Italiam, Cic. Att. 8,11. Join: 
protero et c., id. Fluce. 22, jin. 3. 
obtéro, trivi, tritum, 3: to t.on the rights 
of the people, 0. jura populi, Liv. 3, 56: 
Cic. 4. proculco, 1: the senate being 
t.d upon, proculcato senatu, lac. Hist. 1, 
40. 5, opprimo, pressi, pressum, 3: 
Vv. OVERWHELM. 
trance: expr. by Phr.: secessus 
mentis et animi factus a corpore, Gell. 2, 
I, 2: animus a corpore abstractus, Cic. 
de Div. 1, 31, 66: sevocatus a societate 
corporis animus, ib. 63: *vis animi a 
corporis sensibus sejuncta, Georg.: he 
fell into a trance, cecidit super eum 
mentis excessus, Vulg. Acts xX. Io: 
in a t. I saw a vision, vidi in excessu 
mentis visionem, ib. xi. 5. [N.B.— 
ecstisis is Eccl.) 
tranquil: tranquillus, plicidus, pla- 
catus, aequus, lénis: v. CALM. 
tranquillity: — |. Physical: tran- 
quillitas, quies ; V. STILLNESS, CALMNESS, 
I]. Mental: 1, tranquillitas, tran- 
quillitas animi, Cie, Tuse. 4, 5,10. 2, 
tranquillus animus: cf. id. de Sen. 20, 
n4.  §, aequus animus: Vv. CALMNESS, 
EQUANIMITY. Phr.: to disturb any 
one’s t. of mind, animum loco et certo 
de statu demovere, id. Caecin. 15, 42: 
animum perturbare (V. DISCONCERT): 
to lose one’s t., tamultuans de gradu 
dejici, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80: de suo statu 
se migrare, id. Att. 4, 16: a constantia 
atque a mente discedere, id. Div. 2, 55, 
114: pleasure disturbs the t. of the 
mind, voluptas mentem e sua sede et 
statn demovet, id. Parad. si 15: to 
obi 


TRANQUILLIZE 


TRANSFORM 


TRANSLATE 


a 


maintain ¢., aequam mentem servare, 
Hor. Od. 2, 3, 2. 

tranquillize: placo, 1; paco, 1; 
sedo, 1; tranquillo, 1: v. TO CALM. 

tranauilly : |, Lit.: plicide, 
quiété: v.CALMLY, QUIETLY. jf, Fig.: 

1, tranquillo animo, Cic. Q, tran- 
quillé: Cic.: Suet. 3, plicidé. Join: 
tranquille p.que, Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 25. 
4, sedaté: Cic.: Plaut. Join: 

placide s.que, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58. 5, 
placate: Cic. 6, sedato animo: Cic.: 
Vv. COMPOSEDLY, CALMLY. 7, aequo 
animo: V.EQUANIMITY. 8, quiété: Cic. 
Join: q. tranquilleque, Liv. 27, 12. 

transact: 1, transigo, égi, actum, 
3: tot. business, t. nezouum, Cic. Fam, 
13, 14: after t.ing my business, I go 
home, transacta re convertam me domum, 
Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 22. 2. conficio, féci, 
fectum, 3: to t. business, c. negotium, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 29. 3, ago, égi, actum, 
3: bot. one’s own business, suum nego- 
tium a., Cic. Off. 1, 9, 29. 4. géro, 
gessi, gestum, 3 (with rem): v. DO, PER- 
FORM. 

transaction: 1. rés, réi, f. (gen. 
term, anything done or managed). 2, 
négotium: v. BUSINESS. 

transcend: antécello, 3; antécédo, 
33; supéro, 15 vinco, 3: V. EXCEL, SUR- 
PASS, 

transcendence: 
EXCELLENCE. 

transcendent: eximius, éminens, 
égregius, praestans, praestantissimus, 
singitlaris: v. EXCELLENT, SURPASSING. 

transcendental: no equiv.: expr. 
by summus, sublimis, subtilior: also 
perh. *qui res sensibus perceptas et com- 
prehensas transcendit: ¢. knowledge, 
*scientia quae non perinde in rebus at- 
que in rerum cognoscendarum rationi- 
bus versatur. 

transcribe: 1, transcribo (trans- 
scr.), psi, ptum, 3 (the most exact equiv. 
of Eng.): tot. with one’s own hand, sua 
manu tr., Auct. Her. 4, 4,6: tot. a will, 
testamentum in alias tabulas tr., Cic. 
Clu. 14, 41: to ¢. verbatim, ad verbum 
tr., Plin. pref. § 22. Q. déscribo, 3 
(to make a copy of a worl: or document) : 
I have sent (the bool) to Rome to be t.d 
(have copies made by the librarii), Rom- 
am (librum) misi describendum, Cic. 
Att. 13, 21, 6 (transcribo would rather 
refer to a single transcription) : I al- 
lowed many persons to t. (make copies 
of ) the letter, epistolam multis descri- 
bendam dedi, ib. 8, 9, 1. 8, exscribo, 
3 (usu. of copying a part from an 
author): in Cic. Verr. 2, 67, 189, appy. 
= to copy with scrupulous exactness. 
(Rescribo, to re-write.) 4 transfeéro, 
3, irr.: to t. a letter, literas de tabulis 
in tabulas tr., cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189. 

transcriber; librarius (one whose 
occupation is to transcribe booles): Cic. 
Att. 13, 21, 6. Dimin. libraridlus (an 
inferior or paltry librarius: id. Att. 4, 4, 
and Bal. 6, 14%. [N.B.—The librarii not 
merely transcribed books, but bound 
and sold them. cf. Cie. Att. ll. cc.] 
When the word transcriber is simply a 
verbal noun, expr. by is qui transcrip- 
sit, etc. 

transcript; exemplum (eodem ex- 
emplo tabulae, ©. 2s. B. C. 108), exem- 
plar: v. copy. Phr.: an exact t., 
tabulae literis liturisque omnibus as- 
simulatis expressisque exscriptae, cf. 
Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189. 

transcription: expr. by verb: the 
multiplication of books by t. was a slow 
process, * tardius multiplicabantur libri 
qui a librariis (singuli) describendi 
essent. 

_transfer (v.): (N.B.—The phrr. 
fiven may serve as the best guide in re- 
presenting the different shades of mean- 
ing of the Eng.] 1, transféro, 3, irr. : 
he t.s the meeting to Paris, concilium 
Lutetiam Parisiorum transfert, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 3: to t. the seat of war, bellum 
in... tr., id. B. C. 1,61. Fig.: to ¢. the 
blame of an action, culpam in alios tr., 
Cic. Font. 4, 8: Tac. [N.B.—Trans- 
ducere would be out of place in the 

872 


praestantia: v. 





above phrr.) 9. transdiico or tra- 
dnco, xi, ctum, 3 (in present sense, 
chiefly of local transference, and by 
anal. of change of state): he should t. 
the army from Gaul into Liguria, exer- 
citum ex Gallia in Ligures tr., Liv. 40, 
25: to t. (a patrician) to the plebeian 
order, ad plebem [P. Clodium] tr., Cic. 
Att. 1,18: to t. centurions from lower 
to higher ranks, centuriones ex inferiori- 
bus ordinibus in superiores tr., Caes. 
B. G. 6, 40. [N.B.—Not culpam trans- 
ducere: v. supr.1.) 3, transporto, I 
(in lit. sense): v. TO TRANSPORT. . 
transpono, posui, itum, 3: to t. a statue 
to another situation, statuam in alium 
locum tr., Gell. 4, 5: to t. a victorious 
army into Italy, exercitum victorem in 
Italiam tr., Just. 23,3. 5, transvého, 3 
(of an army conveyed by sea): Caes.: 
Suet. {N.B.—Bellum transmittere, Liv. 
21, 20, is to allow the war to pass through 
a country : in the same connexion, bel- 
lum avertere in se = fo ¢. the brunt of 
it upon themselves.) 6, trajicio, jéci, 
ctum, 3: to f. cattle to summer or winter 
pastures, pecora in aestivos, hibernos, 
saltus tr., Just. 8, 5: he t.’d his ring to 
his right hand, anulum in dextram 
manum trajecit, Petr. Sat. 74: to ft. 
blame upon another, (culpam) in alium 
t., Quint. 9, 2, 4. See also TO TRANS- 
PORT. , transfundo, fidi, sum, 3 
(freely, fully): to t. all one’s praise to 
another, omnes suas laudes ad aliquem 
tr., Cic. Fam. 9, 14, med.: id. Ph. 2, 37, 
37 (amorem t.). Phr.: tot. the blame 
upon some one else, culpam in aliquem 
derivare, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, fin. (cf. 
supr.1.). See also foll. art. 

transfer (svbs.): |, In gen. sense: 
translatio: Cic. Off. 1, 14, 43 (tr. pecuni- 
arum a justis dominis ad alienos). 
More freq. expr. by verb: v. preced. 
art. |]. Specially, in legal sense: ¢. 
of property: mancipium gen, man- 
cipi (formal contract of sale): esp. in 
phrr. mancipio dare, to effect a t. (of the 
seller) ; and mancipio accipere, to become 
the owner of property by such process : 
v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s.v. 

transference: expr. by verb: v. To 
TRANSFER. 

transfiguration: transfiguratio : 
Serr. Eccl. See also TRANSFORMATION. 

transfigure: transfigiro, 1: Vulg. 
Matt. xvii. 2; v. TO TRANSFORM. 

transfix: |. Lit.: to pierce 
through : ], transfigo, xi, xum, 3: 
td with a spear, basta transfixus, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 30, 97: Saes.: Liv. 9. tra- 
jicio, jéci, ctum, 3. to t. any one with a 


javelin, pilo aliquem tr., Caes. B. G. 5, | 


44: Liv.: Ov. 3. fidio, confddio, 3: 
Vv. TO STAB. 4. perforo, térébro, per- 
térébro, 1: v. To PreRCE (I.). 8, con- 
figo, 3 (which, however, does not neces- 
sarily imply as transfigo does, that the 


| weapon goes right through any one): 


to t. (pierce) any one with an arrow, 
aliquem sagitta c., Cic. Ac. 2, 28: Virg. 
G. transverbéro, 1 (to run through : 
infreq.): Cic. Fam. 7, 1, med. (praeclara 
bestia venabulo transverberatur) : Virg. 
Il. Fig.: to render motionless with 
astonishment : 1. défigo, xi, xum, 3- 
the sight t’d them with wonder, res ob- 
jecta immobiles eos defixit, Liv. 21, 33, 
init.: Virg. 9, in pass.: expr. by 
stitpeo, 2 (to be mute and motionless with 
admiration or wonder): some are t.’d 
with astonishment at the offering, pars 
stupet donum..., Virg. Aen. 2, 31: and 
with abl., Hor. Od. 2, 13, 33 (carminibus 
stupens). So stiipesco, 3 (to be struck 
dumb with wonder): Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 
102: and obstiipesco, id. Div. 2, 23, 50 
(with abl.). See also TO STUPEFY. 
transform: 1. expr. by muto, 1: 
e.g. formam mutare, Ov. Met. init. : so 
figuram m., ib. 1, 547: ef. Hor. Od. 1, 2, 
41 (sive mutata juvenem figura ales in 
terris imitaris); and simply muto, ib. 
2, 20, 10: Ov. M. I, 704, et pass. 2, 
verto, ti, sum, 3: he is t.d into a bird, 
vertitur in volucrem, Ov. M. 6, 672: 
nature t.s food into living bodies, natura 
cibos in corpora viva v., Lucr. 2, 880: 





earth t.s itself into water. terra in aquam 
se wi, Cie, Ne D2 3) w2,0gne) lhive nein 
med. So converto, 3 ib. 3. trans 
formo, 1: (Scylla) &.’d unto a rock, in 
scopulum transformata, Ov. M. 14, 74: 
Virg. 4, transfigiro, 1: to t. a boy 
into a girl, puerum in muliebrem natu- 
ram tr., Suet. Ner. 28: Stat.: Plin. 
transformation: 1. expr. by 
verb: v. Ov. Met. init.: and comp. 
preced. art. 2, transformatio, trans- 
figiratio: both late and rare. 
transfuse: |. Lit.. to pour off: 
transfundo, 3: v. TO POUR OFF. ' 
Fig.: to cause to pervade: Pbr.- 
mind t.d throughout the members, in- 
fusa per artus mens, Virg. Aen. 6, 726: 
intelligence is t.d through all things, 
intelligentia per omnia permanat et 
transit, Cic. Ac. 2, 37, extr.: v. TO PER- 
vabeE. [N.B.—Hardly trausfundo in this 
sense, which = to pour off or irunsfer 
From one place to another. } 
transfusion: of blood: *sanguinis 
de alterius venis transfusio. 
transgress: A.Trans.: 1, 
expr. by contra (leges) facio, 3: Cic. de 
Or. 3, 19, Jo: I have wnintentionally 
td the law, imprudens contra legem 
feci; or, contra ac licebat feci: v. CON- 
TRARY TO. Q, vidlo, 1: Vv. TO VIOLATE, 
BREAK. 3, transcendo, di, sum, 3 (fo 
overstep): to t. the order of age and 
nature, ordinem aetatis naturae tr., Liv. 
40, 11, med.: Tac. [N.B.—Not trans- 
gredior, in this sense.} BB, Intrans.: 
délinquo, liqui, lictum, 3: both absol., 
and with acc. of neut. pron.: to t. through 
ambition, per ambitionem d., Sall. Cat. 
52: Cic.: Liv.: if in aught J ¢., si quid 
deliquero, Cie. Agr. 2, 36, extr.: more 
fully, praeter aequum aliquid delinquere, 
Pl. Bac. 3, 3, 14. 
transgression: |. Act of trans- 
gressing: expr. by contra and verb: 
that is a t. of duty, contra officium est, 
Cic. Off. 1, 6, 19: so by contra leges 
facere, contra ac licet facere: v. TO 
TRANSGRESS. . The deed itself: 
1, dé@lictum: to be guilty of a t., d. 
in se admittere, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 48; d. 
committere, Caes. B. G. 7, 4. Also the 
verb delinquo often serves: to be guilty 
of many t.s, multa d.: Vv. TO TRANSGRESS 
(IL.). Q. peccatum: v. FAULT, OF- 
FENCE. 
transgressor: |. One who has 
committed a breach of law: qui in se 
delictum (facinus, scelus) admisit; qui 
contra leges (contra ac licebat) fecit, 
etc.: Vv. CRIME, and TO TRANSGRESS. 
Il. 4n habitual offender: (homo) 
maléficus: v. CRIMINAL, EVIL-DOER. 
transient: 1, fluxus: Join: 
fluxa atque fragilis [gloria], Sall. Cat. 
init.; fluxae et mobiles [res], id. Jug. 
104; instabilis et f, Tac.: Cic. O}, 
cidiicus (fading): Cie. Join: fra- 
giles caducaeque [res humanae], id. Am. 
24, 102: incerta, mobilia, caduca [om- 
nia], id. Ph. 4, 5, fin.: Ov. See also 
CHANGEABLE. Phr.: a t, emotion, 
*animi motus qui cito perit atque ex- 
stinguitur. See also TRANSITORY. 
transit: transitus, Us: v. PASSAGE. 
transition: i.e. the act of passing 
From one state to another: Phr.: @ 
period of t.,*tempus in quo fluunt om- 
nia atque immutantur; nibil stabile fixe 
umve manet. 
transitive ; in Gram., transitivus : 
rise. 
transitively; *transitive: Gr. ¢. ¢. 
transitoriness: fluxa atque fra- 
gilis natura: v. TRANSIENT. 
transitory: V- TRANSIENT. 
translate: |, To render into 
another language: 1, verto or con- 
verto, ti, sum, 3 (Most usu. expr.): fot. 
a book out of Greek into Latin, librum 
e Graeco in Latinum c., Cic. Off. 2, 24, 
extr.: so, Graeca in Latinum vertere, 
Quint. 10, 5, 2: Liv.: also, in Latinum 
sermonem convertere, Col. 1, 1, med.- 
(works) t.d from the Greek, de Graecis 
conversa, Cic. Fin. 1, 2,6. [N.B.—Ver- 
tere alone may mean simply éo para- 
phrase: Quint. 10, 5,5, vertere orationes 


TRANSLATION 





TRANSPOSITION 





Latinas.) 2, transféro, 3, irr. (not so 
in Cic.): to t. anything from the Greek, 
aliquid ex Graeco tr., Quint. 2, 15, 21: 
to t. literally, ad verbum tr., id. 7, 4, 7: 
t.d works of Plato, libri Platonis trans- 
lati, id. 10, 5, 2: Plin. (In Cic. Att. 
6, 2, 2, istum locum totidem verbis a 
Dicaearcho transvuli, the sense is copied, 
transferred, not t.d.) 8. reddo, didi, 
ditum, 3 (esp. of literal rendering): to 
t. word for word, verbum pro verbo r., 
Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14 (where this literal 
rendering is distinguished from the 
higher style of translation, nec converti 
ut interpres, sed ut orator... non ver- 
bum pro verbo necesse habui reddere, 
sed genus omnium verborum vimque 
servavi): Hor. In same sense, verbum 
e verbo exprimere, Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 31. 
4. interpréior, t: v. TO INTERPRET. 
N.B.—Not traduco: Kr.J]  Phr.: 
icero t.d the work for the use of people 
ing Latin, Cicero eum librum 

tinae consuetudini tradidit, Col. 12, 
pref. Il. Vo carry up to heaven: 
tollo, 3 (in coelum): and in Vulg. trans- 
fero, 3, trr.: Heb. xi. 5. Il]. To re- 
move a bishop to another see: best word 
perh. tradiico (trans.), 3: Vv. TO TRANS- 
FER (2). 

translation: |. The act: expr. 
by verb: to do a great deal of t., *multa 
ex [Graeco, etc.] in patrium sermonem 
convertere : v. TO TRANSLATE. i. A 
translated book, etc.: liber translatus; 
or, as pl., translata: v. TO TRANSLATE. 
Phr. : that is a bad t., *sensus scriptoris 
perperam expressus est. 

translator; interpres, étis, c.: Cie. 
Opt. Gen. 5, 14. 

translucent: pellicidus, transli- 
cidus: Vv. TRANSPARENT. 

transmarine: transmiarinus: ¢. 
commedities, t. res, Cic. Verr. 5, 18, 45. 
Or expr. by trans mare and a verb. 

transmigrate: transmigro, 1: Liv. 
5, 53 (but just above occurs the simple 
verb migro, which is more usual): v. 
TO MIGRATE, 

transmigration: esp. of souls, 
“métempsychosis, * métensomatosis 
ie Gk. words): expr. by circuml. 
they teach) the t. of souls, * animos ex 
corporibus in corpora migrare. 

transmission: expr. by verb: v. 
TO TRANSMIT. 

transmit: transmitto, 3 (/o allow to 
pass through): Tac.: Plin.: the electric 
cable t.s messages, *funis  electricus 
nuntia transmittit. Or by circuml., 
wood readily t.s sounds, *ligna facile 
sonos transire (permeare, permanare) 
patiuntur: cf. Lucr. 1, 348, sqq- 

transmutation : transmiutatio : 
Quint. 1, 5, 39 (transposition of words: 
rhet. ¢. ¢.). Usa. better expr. by muto: 
Y. TO CHANGE. 

transmute: transmito, 1 (rare): 
Hor.: Lucr. Usu. better, muito: v. TO 
CHANGE, TRANSFORM. 

transparency: |. he quality: 
natura pellucida, etc. : v. TRANSPARENT. 

Il. A transparent picture: *pic- 
tura pellucida. 
transparent: 1, perlicidus or 
pellacidus: a ¢. membrane, membrana 
p., Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142: a ¢. spring, 
fons p.,Ov. Fig.: of a mind betraying 
secrets, fides perlucidior vitro (more ¢. 
than glass), Hor. Ou. 1, 18, 16. (Also, 
pellucens: v, foll. art.) 2. transli- 
cidus or tralicidus: a membrane é. like 
glass, membrana vitri modo tr., Plin. 
It, 37, 55. Fig.: of style, Quint. 8, 
pref. § 20 (tr. elocutio). [But in this 
sense, better, lucidus: v. LUCID. ] 
perspicuus (that one can see through; 
whereas the two preced. words denote 
strictly, lwminous throughout or trans- 
mitiing light: in Cic. only fig.): a t. 
cup, calix p., Mart. 4, 85: Plin. See 
also CLEAR. 

—, to be: _i,_perliiceo (pell.), 
xi, 2: he is as t. as a Punic lantern, ita 
p. quasi laterna Punica, Pl. Aul. 3,6, 30° 
Cic. The part. is used as adj.: t. cloth- 
ing, pellucens amictus, Ov. M. 4, 313: 
t. style, p. oratio, Cic. 2, expr. by 






















lumen transmittere: v. TO TRANSMIT. 
(Hardly transluceo in this sense: see 
exx. in Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict.) 

transpire: |. To escape, as air 
Or gas: exire, emanare: V. TO ESCAPE. 

|]. Zo become known: exire, per- 
crebrescere, etc.: V. TO GET ABROAD, 
II. 70 come to pass : Evénio, fio: v. 

TO HAPPEN. 

transplant: |, Lit.: 1, 
transféro, 3, irr. (the most usu. word): 
to t. cabbage, leek, etc., brassicam, por- 
rum tr., Col. 11, 3, pass.: ib. 3,9: more 
fully, semina ex terra in terram tr, 
Varr. Q, transpono, posui, itum, 3: 
to t. a tree, arborem in alium locum tr., 
Gell. 12, 1, med.: also absol., to t. cab- 
bages, brassicam tr., Pall. 3. tradiico 
or transdiico, xi, ctum, 3: tot. from poor 
soil into better, ex macro (solo) in melius 
r., Col. 3, 9, fin. {]. Fig.: trans- 
éro, tradiico, 3: v. TO TRANSFER. [N.B. 
—Transplanto appears to be without 
good authority.) 


transplantation : translatio : 
Varr. : 
transport (v.): |, To carry over: 


], transporto, 1: to t.an army into 
Macedonia, exercitum in Macedoniam 
tr., Cic. Pis. 20, 47: Liv. 2. trajicio, 
jéci, ctum, 3: not unfreq. with double 
acc. (which rarely occurs with trans- 
porto): to t, cavalry across a river, 
equites flumen tr., Caes. B.C. 1, 55: to 
t. legions into Sicily, legiones in Siciliam 
tr., Liv. 3, transvého, xi, ctum, 3 
(in ships, so transporto: whereas tra- 
jicio may refer to throwing troops across 
a river by bridges, rajts, elc.): to t.an 
army into Britain, exercitum in Britan- 
niam tr., Suet. Caes. 58: Caes. 4. 
transmitto, misi, ssum, 3 (usu. rather to 
allow to pass through than actively to 
send across, but also in latter sense): 
the army is speedily t.’d (to the other side 
of the river), exercitus celeriter trans- 
mittitur, Caes. B. G. 3, 61: @ cohort of 
Usipii that had been t.’d into Britain, 
cohors Usipiorum in Britanniam trans- 
missa, l'ac. Agr. 28. See also TO CARRY. 

Il. Zo send to a penal settlement : 
perh. best expr. by circuml.: he was 
condemned. to be t.’d for life, *damnatus 
est in vincula externa perpetua. Ill. 
To carry away with delight: but usu. 
in pass., to be t.’d with joy: 1, ex- 
sulto, £: to be t.’d with joy, laetitia ex., 
Cic. Clu. 5,14: the people were quite td, 
owing to the novelty of liberty, populum 
exsultasse insolentia libertatis,Cic. 2, 
use pass. of efféro, 3, irr.: to be td with 
joy, (incredibili) gaudio efferri, Cic. Fam. 
Yo, 123 laetitia, cf. id. Deiot. 9, 263; vol- 
uptate, Suet. Cal. 54. 8, expr. by 
gaudeo; also pass. of oblecto, delecto, 
with some intensive words: J am t.’d 
with joy, immortaliter gaudeo, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 3, 1, 33 mirifice delector, id. Ac. 
1 ee 4, stiipeo, 2 (to be lost in 
wonder, etc.): Hor.: Vv. TO TRANSFIX 
(tig.). Phr.: they are quite t.’d by the 
object, res objecta totos (eos) ad se con- 
vertit et rapit (¢¢ perfectly carries them 
away), Cic. Off. 2, 10, 37 (iXr.). See also 
TO RAVISH (IL). 

transport (subs.): |. The act of 
conveying across: expr. by verb: v. TO 
TRANSPORT. Il. A vessel for convey- 
ing troops: naviginm vectorium: Caes. 
B.G. 5,8: Suet. Also sometimes navis 
oneraria (a ship of burden): v. SHIP. 

Ill. Intense delight : laetitia (naxi- 
ma, ‘ncredibilis), gaudium: v. JOY. 
Phr.: O! what affectionate embraces 
and t.s of joy, O qui complexus et quanta 
gaudia fuerunt! Hor. S. 1, 5, 43- See 
also RAPTURE; and for ¢.s of passion, Vv. 
RAGE, FIT (LI.). 

transportation: aS modern pun- 
ishment: perh. vincula externa. 

transpose: perb. transmuto, 1: cf. 
TRANSMUTATION.  (T’ranspono simply 
denotes changing the position of any 
one thing : the notion of reciprocity may 
however be superadded by inter se.) 
Or expr. hy mutare sedes [certarum re- 
rum) inter se. 


transposition: transma- 


perh. 


TRAVELLING 





tatio: or expr. by verb: v. TO TRANS 
POSE. 


transubstantiation: ~* transub- 
stantlatio: theol. t.t. See also TRANS- 
FORMATION. 

transverse : 1, transversus 


(across): t. beams, t. tigna, Caes. B. C 
2, 9: Cic. 2. transversarius, esp. of 
beams, transversaria tigna, Caes. B. C. 
2,15. (Obliquus, across in a slanting 
direction : V. OBLIQUE.) 
transversely: transversé: Vitr.: 
Cels. Also, transversa (mn. pl.): the 
winds howl t., venti transversa fremunt, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 19; transversum, Front. 
Limit. p. 43, Goes.; ex transverse, Pl. 
Ps. 4, 1, extr.; in transversum, Plin, 4, 
12, 26. 
trap: |. Lit.: esp. for mice: 
muscipilum and -a: Vv. MOUSETRAP 
For other animals, snares, springes, etc., 
were rather used (pédica, laqueus, etc.): 
Vv. SNAKE (1.). |, Fig.: any means 
by uhich a person is taken in and de- 
ceived: laqueus, insidiae: ¥. Ame 
—-door: “*foris quae (sub ped- 
bus) in tabulato aperitur. 
trappings: 1, esp. of horses: 
phalérae, arum: a horse with showy t., 
equus phaleris insignis, Virg. Aen. 5, 
zio: Virg. Fig.: of anything showy: 
Pers.: wearing such t., pbaleratus : 
Liv. : Suet. 9. in more gen. sense, 
ornatus, Us (handsome equipments and 
decoration) : a horse with royal t., equas 
regio o. instructus, Plin. So ornamen- 
tum: elephants captured with their 
towers and t., elepbanti capti cum tur- 
ribus ornamentisque, Auct. B. Afr. 86: 
V. DECORATION, ORNAMENT. 3, insignia, 
ium (applicable to whatever marks or 
sets off a person): regal t., i. illa regia, 
Cic. Sext. 26, 57: so, i. pontificalia, Liv. 
10, 7. See also POMP, PAGEANTRY. 
trash: |. Things of little or no 
value : 1, scriita, orum (old, paltry 
stuff, sold to the poor): Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 
65: Petr. 2. quisquiliae, arum 
(sweepings, refuse): V. RUBBISH. 3. 
gerrae, arum: sheer t., g. germanae, PL. 
Poen. 1,1,9. As exclam.: V. NONSENSE. 
4, tricae, arum: cf. Mart. 14, 1,1, 
sunt apinae tricaeque et st quid vilius 
istis. 5, expr. by vilis: the poorest 
t., vilissimae res: V. WORTHLESS. ll. 
As applied to worthless writing, ec. : 
perh. niigae: Vv. NONSENSE. 
trashy; vilis, nullius pretii: 
WORTHLESS. 
travail: Vv. LAbour. 
travel (subs.): 1. expr. by Iter: 
to be fond of t., *itineribus peregrinis 
delectari: to be given to t., * multum in 
itineribus peregrinis esse: V. JOURNEY. 
9. péregrinatio (living abroad): 
to undertake foreign t., peregrinationes 
suscipere, Plin. 30, 1, 2: Cic. 
expr. by peregrinor: v. foll. art. 
travel (v.): 1, expr. by Iter and 
a verb: v. TO JOURNEY (2.). 2. pére- 
grinor, 1 (to live or t. abroad): these 
studies t. with us, haec studia nobiscum 
p., Cic, Arch. 7: the mind ts (roams) 
Far and wide, animus late longeque p., 
id. N. D. 1, 20, 54. 3. dbeo, 4, irr. 
(to go over, t. through): to t. through 
countries on foot, regiones pedibus o., id. 
Fin. 5, 29,87. 4, lustro, I (to traverse, 
survey): (Pythagoras) t'd through 
Egypt and visited the Persian Magi, 
Aegyptum lustravit et Persarum adiit 
Magos, Cic. L. c.: freq. in poet.: v. TO 
TRAVERSE, 
traveller: 1. tmperf. part. of 
iter facio, 3 (except in nom, sing.): 
lodgings for t.s, iter facientibus dever 
soria: Vv. TO TRAVEL. For nom, sing 
use rel. clause: the t. in foreign parts 
*qui in peregrinis locis itinera tacit: v 
TO JOURNEY. 9, viitor (wayfarer) 
Cic. Fat. 15, 34: Caes. B. G. 4, 5 (in the 
latter passage, appy. used in gen. sense), 
3, peregrinator (one who ts much 
abroad): Cic. Fam. 6, 18, fin.: for 
which, in other cases, may be used tm 


Vv. 


perf. part. of peregrinor: L. G. § 638. 


See also TO TRAVEL. 
travelling (subs.): use itinéra, 


873 


TRAVELLING 


TREASURE-HOUSE 








péregrinationes; or expr. by verb: v. 
preced. artt. 
travelling (adj.): v. ITINERANT. 
traverse: _ 1. dbeo, 4, t7.: v. TO 
TRAVEL (3). Q, lustro, 1 (esp. poet.) : 
to t. the main in ships, aequor navibus 
1, Virg. Aen. 3, 385: Hor.: Cic.: v. 
TO TRAVEL (4). Strengthened, per- 
lustro, 1 (to t. completely): to t. a 
country with an armed force, (regionem) 
armis p., Vell. 2, 106: Liv. 
travesty (v.): by circuml.: 
PARODY. 
tray: ferciilum (of wider meaning 
than Eng., and including any kind of 
means for carrying things): v. Dr. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
treacherous: 1. perfidus (break- 
ing through faith obligatiens): Cic. Off. 
3, 14, ext. (but the word is rare in the 
best prose): t. arms (war), p. bella, Ov. 
F. 4, 380. Fig.: t. waters, p. freta, 
Sen. trag. 2, perfididsus (habitually 
t.): Cic. Join: fallax, perfidiosus, 
perfidiosus et insidiosus et fallax, Cic. : 
perfidiosus et subdolus animo, Tac. 
3. infidus, infidélis (more freq. in 
good prose than precedd.): v. UNFAITH- 
FUL, FAITHLESS. 4, maléfidus (poet.) : 
Virg. Aen. 2, 23 (statio m. carinis). 
5, subddlus (that hides secret de- 
signs: sly, cunning): Sall.: Tac. 6, 
délosus (full of deceits and wiles): 
Hor.: Ov. Fig.: ¢. embers, cinis d.. 
Hor. Od. 2, 1, 7. Phr.: to be on t. 
(slippery, unsafe) ground, in lubrico 
versari, Cic. Or. 28, 98: V. SLIPPERY. 
treacherously : 1, _perfidiose : 
Cic.: Suet. 9. perfidé (rare): Gell. 
8. sometimes malitidse (with sly, 
knavish cunning): cf, Cic. R. Am. 38, 
rem mandatam mulitiosius gerere. 4. 
expr. by modal abl.: most t., summa 
(turpissim&) perfidi@, dolo malo: v. 
TREACHERY, DISHONESTY. 
treacherousness: \ I, Cha- 
treachery: racter of a trea- 
cherous person: 1, perfidia: he was 
characterized by such t., tantae p. fuit, 
Suet. Ner. 5: in the midst of the general 
t. and unfairness of men, in tanta 
hominum p. et iniquitate, Cic. Fam. 1, 
2, fin. — Q, infidélitas (faithlessness) : 
Caes.: Cic. I]. Treacherous conduct : 
1, perfidia: to be guilty of t., p. 
admittere (in aliquem), Suet. Caes. 75: 
what t. you both showed towards Dola- 
della, quanta utriusque vestrum p. in 
Dolabellam, Cic. Ph. 2, 32,79. Join: 
fraus et perfidia, Cic. 92. proditio 
(act of betraying): to get intelligence of 
anything by t., aliquid proditione exci- 
pere, Liv. 4, 30: acts of t. in friendship, 
amicitiarum proditiones, Cic. Ac. 2, 9. 
Join: perfidia, insidiae, proditio, Cic. 
3, fraus, ddlus malus, etc.: v. DIS- 
HONESTY. 
treacle: *sacchari spuma (R. and A.). 
tread (v.): J. Intrans.: to 
plant the feet upon the grotnd: 11, 
insisto, stiti, stitum, 3: to ¢. firmly, fir- 
miter i., Caes. B. G. 4, 26: firme ins., 
Suet. Cal. 26: with dat.: to t. upon (the 
bodies of ) the fallen, jacentibus i., Caes. 
B.G. 2, 27: Liv. 2. ingrédior, ssus, 
3: to t. upon the ground, solo i., Virg. 
Aen. 4, 177: V. TO WALK. Fig.: fo ¢. 
in any one’s steps, vestigiis alicujus i., 
Cic. Rep. 6, 24: Liv. (with acc.). 3. 
incédo, ssi, ssum, 3: to ¢. on concealed 
Jires, inc. per ignes suppositos cineri 
doloso, Hor. Od. 2, 1, 7: v. TO WALK. 
Phr.: tot. effeminately, tenero et molli 
ingressu suspendere gradum, Sen. N. Q. 
9, 32: ef. Cic. Off. 1, 36, 131, tarditati- 
bus uti in ingressu mollioribus: to ¢. 
lightly (on tiptoe), suspenso gradu ire, 
Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 27. cf. Phaedr. 2, 4, 18, 
vagata (feles) suspenso pede. Il. 
Trans.: to t. upon, to press by t.ing, 
trample wpon : 1, calco, 1: to t. on 
heaps of the dying, acervos morientum 
c., Ov. M. 5, 88: to be trodden upon by 
any one, pede ac vestigio alicujus calcari, 
Tac. H. 4, 81: to t. the path of death, 
viam leti c., Hor. Od. 1, 28, 16: to ¢. 
grapes, uvam c., Cato. 2. prémo, ssi, 
ssum, 2 (with pede, pedibus, etc.): the 
74 


Vv. 





grape trodden by bare feet, nudo pressa 
uva pede, Ov. Tr: 4, 6, 20: we t. on the 
untouched moss, intacto premimus ves- 
tigia musco, Neme..» and without pes 
or vestigium directly expr.: cf. Virg. 
Aen. 2, 379, qui anguem pressit humi 
nitens (has trodden on a serpent). 3. 
occulco, 1 (comp. of calco, to t. down: 
infreq.): to t. down thoroughly, bene 
o., Cato R. R. 49: Liv. 27, 14 (of ele- 
phants crushing men in batile). Phr.: 
to t. clay and soften it, *cretam (terram 
cretaceam) calcando subigere: cf. TO 
KNEAD. [I]. Of the male bird: calco, 
I (very rare use): Col. 8, 5, fim.: usu. 
better, ineo, 4, irr.: ib. c. 2, fin. (the 
sense of calco in former passage is not 
quite certain). 
tread (swhs.): ingressus, gressus, 
gradus, vestigium, pes: v. STEP, Foor- 
step. To tremble at the t. (of persons 
valking over), ad ingressus tremere, 
Plin. 2, 94, 96: with impartial t., aequo 
pede, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 13. Also expr. by 
verb: v. TO TREAD. 
treadle: perh. * pédale, is, n. 
treason: 1, expr. by majestas 
(the supreme greatness or dignity of the 
state): to be guilty of the crime of high 
t. (lit. of impairing the majesty of the 
state], majestatem minuere, laedere, Cic. 
Inv. 2, 17: hence, charge or crime of 
high t., majestatis crimen, 7. é. laesae s. 
minutae Plat majestatis cri- 
men, Cic. Verr. 4, 41, 88: the law con- 
cerning t., lex majestatis, Cic. Clu. 35, 
97 (lex Julia majestatis, Ulp. Dig. 48, 4, 
10): to be brought in guilty of t., majes- 
tatis condemnari, ib.: trial for t., laesae 
Majestatis quaestio, Papin. Dig. 48, 4, 8. 
Q. perduellio (hostile conduct to- 
wards the state: such offences being 
more usually dealt with under the lex 
mnajestatis): trial for t., perduellionis 
judicium, Cic. C. Rab. 3, 10: to accuse 
of t., actionem perduellionis alicui in- 
tendere, id. Mil. 14, 36: to charge with 
t., perduellionem alicui judicare, Liv. 
26, 3. [N.B.—Perduellio denotes the 
nature of the illegal act more explicitly 
than majestas, which might indicate a 
lighter shade of guilt: ef. Ulp. Dig. 48, 
4, 11, from which it appears that per- 
duellio was always a capital charge, 
majestas not necessarily so.] 3. pro- 
ditio (act of betrayal): v. TREACHERY. 
4, rhetor. expr.: patriae parricidi- 
ume Cies Phe 25.7 0ys ook ns. 
guilty of t., contra rempublicam facere, 
Sall. Cat. 50. 
treasonable;: i.e. having the nature 
and guilt of vreason : expr. by majestas, 
perduellio: to be guilty of t. practices, 
*majestatem [P. R.] minuere; quae 
minuenduae majestatis sunt in se admit- 
tere; perduellionis (majestatis) crimine 
se obstringere: to entertain t. designs, 
contra rempublicam sentire, Sall. Cat. 
26: cf. preced. art. fin. 
treasonably: expr. by circuml.: v. 
preced. art. 
treasure (subs.): |. Store of 
wealth, etc.: 1, thésaurus (anything 
stored up, a hoard, treasure): to bury 
at. (to hide it), th. obruere, Cic. Sen. 
7, 21: to dig up (find) a t., th. 
effodere, Pl. ‘I'rin. 3, 3, 54. See also 
STORE-HOUSE, TREASURY. 2. gaza 
(royal treasure, esp. of eastern kings: 
said to be a Persian word): gold and 
royal t., aurum g.que regia, Cic. Man. 
23, 66: Suet.: Virg. Rarely pl., gazae, 
arum: Lucr.: Hor, 3. Opes, um, f.: 
Vv. RICHES. Il. An abundant supply 
of anything: cOpia: V. SUPPLY, STORE. 
Ill. Fig.: something very precious : 
Amores, déliciae: cf. Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79 
(amores ac deliciae tuae Roscius): v. 
DELIGHT, DARLING. 
treasure (v.): |. To collect : col- 
ligo, coacervo: v. TO COLLECT, ACCUMU- 
LATE. I]. To store up against the 


Future: récondo, didi, ditum, 3: Vv. TO 


sTOKE Up. (Thesaurizo, 1 late.) 
-house; thésaurus: v. STORE- 
House. Oft. fig.: that universal t., 
memoy, th, rerum omnium, memoria, 
Cic. Or. 1, 5, 18. 





to be | 








TREAT 





treasurer: as public officer: 1, 
aerarii (aerario) praefectus: Plin. 3, 4 
2. 2. under eastern kings, custos 
regiae gazae: Nep. Dat. 5. (The- 
saurensis, thesaurarius: late, and to be 
avoided.) 

treasurership : praefectiira aerarii: 
Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 5. 

treasury: 1, aerarium (esp. the 
national t. of the Roman people): to 
pay into the t., pecuniam in ae. referre, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 27; also, deferre, Liv. 5, 25: 
to draw money from the t., pecuniam 
ex ae. promere, ib.: see also TREASURER. 

2. fiscns (originally, a@ bag or 
wicker-basket for holding money, esp. 
the money of the state: under the em- 
pire the imperial chest went by this 
name, as distinguished from that of the 
senate, aerarium: see Long, ad Cic. 
Verr. Act. 1, 8): the money which the 
senate has given me from the t. I wilt 
keep, and transfer from the t. [national 
chest} into my own private chest, quos 
[mumos] mihi senatus decrevit, et ex 
aerario dedit, ego habebo, et in cistam 
transferam de /fisco, Cic. Verr. 3, 85, 197: 
to denote the imperial t., the pl. fisci 
was often used, Suet. Aug. ror. (N.B. 
—At a later period the fiscus is again 
identical with aerarium.] 3, the- 
saurus (treasure-house): Liv. 39, 50 
(th. publicus, sub terra, saxo quadrato 
septus). 

treat (v.): |. To deal with or use 
in a certain manner: 1, habeo, 2: 
to t. with particular respect, praecipno 
honore h., Caes. B. G. 5, 54: to t. with 
consideration and handsomely, accurate 
et liberaliter h., Sall Jug. 103: tot. any 
one with contempt, aliquem contemptui 
h., Suet. Aug. 93. 9 tracto; 1: 
will not t. (you) as consul, non tractabo 
ut consulem, Cic. Ph. 2, 5, 10: to ft. 
handsomely, liberaliter tr., id. Verr. 
Act. 1, 8, 23: to t. dutifully, honour- 
ably, with outrage, etc., pie, honorifice, 
injuriose, etc., tr.: Cic.: Hor. 3. ac- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (esp. with ref. to 
a person who ts put at another's disposal 
to punish or to spare): to t. any one 
gently and mercifully, aliquem leniter 
clementerque a., Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86: 
when I have been shamefully t.’d, indig- 
nis quum egomet sim acceptus modis, 
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. 4, itor, tsus, 3 
(to behave towards in daily intercourse : 
with abl.): not to t. her as his mother, 
ut illa matre ne uteretur, Cic. Clu. 6, 
16: Vv. TO ASSOCIATE. 5, expr. by 
afficio, f€ci, ctum, 3 (¢0 affect or visit 
with something: with acc. and abl.): 
to t. illustrious men with insult, viros 
clarissimos contumelia af., Lentulus in 
Cic. Fam. 12, 15: so, to ¢. with injury, 
injuria af. (but honore afficere is, to be- 
stow an honour upon, and is quite dif- 
ferent from honorifice tractare, to ft. 
with respect). Phr.: to t. with insult, 
contumeliam alicui facere, imponere 
(v. INSULT) : to t. with injustice, injuriam 
alicui facere, imponere, inferre, ete. (Vv. 
INJURY, INJUSTICE): to t. any one with 
contempt (and mociery), ludibrio ali- 
quem habere, Pl. Cas. 3, 5, 26: to ¢. 
with special indulgence or kindness, 
alicui indulgere praecipue, Caes. B. G. 1, 
40: so, to t. with the greatest confidence, 
alicui maxime confidere, ib. |, Medi- 
cally to t. a patient or a complaint : 
cairo, 1 (to cure): to t. patients mildly, 
aegrotantes leniter c., Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83: 
Cels. So also médeor, 2 (with dat.) may 
serve: V. TO HEAL. Often not to be 
expr. by any single word: some t. this 
complaint in one way, others in another, 
*hoc morbo aegrotanti alius aliud medi- 
camentum dat; alius aliud medicinae 
genus adhibet: v. MEDICINE. lil. Zo 
discuss : 1, tracto, 1: to t. a subject 
carefully, quaestionem diligenter t., Cic. 
Rep. 2, 43: I shall t. of the winds with 
greater nicety, ventos scrupulosius trac- 
tabo, Plin. 2, 46, 45. Rarely foll. by de 
and abl. (to t. of): Suet. Aug. 35, fin. 
Comp. pertracto, 1 (to t. thoroughly, 
study carefully): Cic.: Plin. min. 9, 
disputo, disséro, foll. by de and @bl.: Ve 


TREAT 


TREMENDOUS 


TRIAL 





TO DISCUSS. 3. absolvo, vi, litum, 3 
(to finish off and dispose of a subject) : 
I will briefly t. of the conspiracy of 
Catiline, de Catilinae conjuratione paucis 
absolvam, Sall. Cat. 4. 4, to denote 
the matter discussed in a book, when 
the subject is not a personal one: use 
scribi (conscribi): three books which t. 
of his own past life, tres libri scripti de 
ipsius vita acta, Cic. Br. 29, 112: so, liber 
conscriptus de..., ib. 35, 132: and in 
speaking of a work presumed to be well 
known, esse : the dialogue of Plato which 
t.s of the soul, Platonis liber qui est de 
animo, id. Tusc. 1, 11,24. Phr.: to be 
ting of a certain subject, aliquam rem 
in manibus habere, ib. 5, 7,18: to have 
to t. of a difficult subject, in re difficili 
versari, id. Leg. 3, 15, tit. IV. Zo 
entertain (sumptuously): invito, 1: TO 
Invite. To t. oneself, invito, 1: with 
pron, refl.: Vv. TO INDULGE. V. To 
carry on negotiations: ago, 3: Vv. TO 
NEGOTIATE, NEGOTIATION. 
treat (subs.): Phr.: we have hada 
great t.! *magnopere delectati sumus 5 
quantum voluptatis ex... accepimus! 
V. TO DELIGHT, ENJOY. 
treatise: 1, liber, Wbellus (Kr.). 
9. *dissertatio, dispiitatio (both 
strictly denoting verbal discussion, but 
used freely by modern Latinists to 
denote written compositions). 
treatment : 1, tractatio, and in 
abl. sing. tractatus, tis (in most senses of 
Eng.): t. (taming and management) of 
brutes, beluarum tractatio, Cic. Off. 2, 5, 
5: i t. (bad usage), mala t., Quint. 7, 
4, 10: t. of questions, t. quaestionum, 
id. 4, 5,6: the greatest part of oratory 
lies in the t. of the just and good, maxi- 
Ma pars orationis in tractatu aequi boni- 
que consistit, id. 12, 1,8: to judge of a 
persom’s opinion by his entire t. (of the 
subject), toto tractatu sententiam alicu- 
jus judicare, Plin. 14,4,5,§45. 2, ci- 
Tatio: to have recourse to a dangerous t. 
(or cure), periculosam c. adhibere, Cic. 
Off. 1, 24, 83 (in same sense, periculosa 
medicina, Phaedr. 1, 8, 9): v. MANAGE- 
MENT. 8. very oft. expr. by verb: 
¥. TO TREAT (throughout). 4, expr. 
kind t., severe t., merciful t., insulting 
t., etc., by single word: benignitas, in- 
dulgentia, inclementia, etc.: v. KIND- 


NESS, etc. 

treaty: |. Of peace: 1, foe- 
dus, Gris, n.: to conclude a t. with any 
one, f. cum aliquo facere, Cic. Sen. 6, 16: 
also f. ferire, Cic Rab. Post. 3,63; f. icere 
(less freq.), id. Pis. 12, 28 [the perf. pass. 
tenses of ico are common; thus foedus 
ictum est rather than f. percussum est}; 


f. pangere, cf. Liv. 27, 30 (inducias p.): | fe 


to break a t., f. negligere. violare, rum- 
pere, Cic. Bal. 5, 13 ; contra f. facere, ib. 

Io. Join: pacem foedusque [facere], 

ic. Sen. 6 16; amicitiam et foedus 
[petere], Sall. Jug. 1043 [aliquem sibi] 
societate et foedere adjungere, Caes. B. G, 
652; Q. t. of peace: pax: cf. Sall. 
Jug. 31, bella atque paces (t.s of peace): 
Vv. PEACE. Il. Negociation: Phr.: 
to be in t. for the purchase of anything, 
*de emenda aliqua re agere: v.TO NEGO- 
TIATE. Ill. 7. of marriage: perh. 
conditio: v. MARRIAGE, MATCH. 

treble (adj. and subs.): three times 
as much : 1, triplus: the third por- 
tion the t. of the first, tertia (pars) 
primae tripla, Cic. Tim. 7: to be con- 
demned to pay t., *tripli damnari (cf. 
DOUBLE). 9. triplex, icis: ¢. (or 
triple) form (of Cerberus), t. forma, Ov. 
Met. g, 185: ¢. (or triple) 6 ass, aes t., 
Hor. Neut. used as subs.: Hor. S. 2, 3, 
23). 8. tergéminus; also trigéminus 


(only poet.) : t. head (of a monster): t. 


caput, Tib. 3, 4, 88: Virg.: Ov. 

treble (adj. and subs.): aciita (vox): 
&ciitus snus: cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251, ab 
acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum. 

treble (v.): triplico, 1: Gell.: Maer. 
(Or by circuml.: to t. a number, nume- 
Tum triplum facere: see adj.) 

trebly : sometimes, ter: ¢. blest, ter 
felix, Ov. Met. 8, 51: Virg.: cf. Hor. Od. 
2,14, ], ter amplus Geryon. Sometimes 


tripliciter (triplici ratione): Auct. Her. 
4, 42, 54 (= in three different ways). 

tree (subs.): arbor, Oris, 7. : to plant 
t.s in rows, a. in ordinem serere, Varr. 
R.R. 1, 7: to set t.s (in trenches), a. de- 
ponere, Col. 5, 9, med.: to graft ta, 
a. inserere, ib. c. 11: a t. that bears well, 
a. fructuosa, fertilis, ib. c. 10: a. laeta, 
ib. c.g. Dimin., arbuscula (a small or 
young t.): ib.: with dep. gen., arbus- 
cula fici (a young fig-t.), ib.c. 11. Be- 
longing to a t. or trees, arboreus: the 
foliage of t.s, arboreae frondes, Ov. M. 
1, 632: to grow large like a t., arbo- 
rescere, Plin. 19, 4, 22: planted with t.s, 
arbustus (adj.): e. g. arbustus ager, Col. 
3, 13 (al. arbustivus): but the neuf. ar- 
bustum denotes not a plantation of t.s in 
gen. sense, but one used for a vineyard ; 
the vines being trained over the trees: 
(arboretum, v. rare, and to be avoided). 
For special trees, see the several names. 

tree (adj.): 1, arbdrarius (having 
to do with trees): a t. pruning-knife, 
falx a, Cato R. R. ro: cf. picus arbo- 
rarius (the woodpecker}, Plin. 30, 16, 53. 

2. arbéreus (of or belonging to 

trees): v. TREE (fin.). 3, growing to 
Ch size of at., *arborescens: cf. TREE, 

fin.). 

trefoil: trifélium: Plin.: Linn. 

trellis: v. LATTICE. 

tremble: 1, trémo, ui, 3: to ¢. 
and turn pale, t. et exalbescere, Cic. Ac. 
2, 15, 48: I t. and shudder all over, 
totus tremo horreoque, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 
4: poet. often with acc. of closer de- 
finition: to t. in every limb, t. artus, 
Virg. G. 3, 84. With direct acc.: to t. 
at the dictator’s axes, dictatoris secures 
t., Liv. 22, 27: Ov.: Virg. Inceptive, 
tremisco, 3 (to begin to t.): Virg.: Ov. 
Comps.: (1) contrémo, 3 (strengthened 
from simple verb: rare): Lucr. Oftener, 
contremisco, tremui, 3: to (begin to) t. 
in every limb, omnibus artubus c., Cic. 
de Or. 1, 26, 121: Virg. With direct 
acc., tot. at danger, periculum c., Hor. 
Od. 2, 12, 8, (2) intrémo, 3: (same 
constrr.): Cels.: Virg. Also intremisco, 
3: Plin. 2. vacillo, 1 (to rock to and 
fro): the whole earth t.s (rocks) under 
foot, sub pedibus terra v., Lucr. 5, 1235: 
ting (unsteady) characters, vacillantes 
liternlae, Cic. Fam. 16, 15. 3. expr. 
by moveo, tréméfacio (to cause to t.): 
he caused earth, sea, and heaven to t., 
terram, mare, sidera movit, Ov. M. 1, 
180 (so, the earth t.d, terra mota est): he 
made all Olympus t. with his nod, totum 
nutu tremefecit Olympum, Virg. Aen. 
Io, 115. (Horreo, to shudder [q. v.): 
trepidare, to be agitated; esp. with 


ear.) 

trembling (subs.): trémor: Cic.: 
Virg.: Ov. z 

trembling (a4j.): 1, trémens, 
ntis: v. TO TREMBLE. Strengthened, 
trémébundus (all trembling, t. greatly): 


Lucr. 1,96: the word is rare in prose; | 


in Auct. Her. 3, 14, 25, it loses its inten- 
sive signification, leniter t. vocem. Q, 
trémiilus (given to tremble, tremulous : 
whereas tremens, tremebundus = trem- 
bling at the time): t. flame, t. flamma, 
poet. in Cic. N. D. 2, 43, 110: t. hands 
with years and fear, t. manus annisque 
metuque, Ov. M. 10, 414. Virg. sy 
tréméfactus (caused to tremble): Virg. 
Aen. 2, 228 (tr. pectora). 4, vacillans 
(swaying, rocking): v. TO TREMBLE 
(2). (Trepidus = agitated; esp. with 
fear. 


tremendous: 1. immanis, e (enor- 
mous, monstrous): a serpent of t. size, 
i. corpore serpens, Lucr. 5, 34: Caes.: Cic. 
So ingens: Vv. IMMENSE, HUGE. Q, for- 
middlosus (of a nature to inspire dread ; 
Srightful): v. rormipaeLe. 8, horri- 
bilis, terribilis: v. HORRIBLE, TERRIBLE. 
(Tremendus = worthy to be trembled at: 
Virg. Aen. 2, 199.) [N.B—Sometimes 
a superlative adj. will best serve: at. 
war, bellum maximum, gravissimum, 
atrocissimum, formidolosissimum: or 
some intensive word may give the re- 
quisite force: so t. a tempest, adeo foeda 
tempestas, ut ..., Liv. 21, 58, init.: so 


t. was the fury of the conflict, tantus 
fuit ardor armorum, ib. 22, 5.) 
tremendously: horrendum (poet.): 
Virg. Aen. 6, 288: or by circuml., horren- 
dum (terribilem) in modum (R. and A.}. 
(immaniter, Amm.] Sometimes = very 
much indeed: Iam t. glad, immortaliter 
gaudeo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3: in this sense, 
immane quantum (Gr. Gavpagroy dcov), 
Hor. Od. 1, 27, 6, vino et lucernis Medus 
| acinaces immane quantum discrepat 
(jars tremendously with ...). See also 
IMMENSELY. 
tremendousness: oft. (ingens) 
magnitndo will serve (Vv. GREATNESS): 
at other times, atrocitas: cf. Sall. Cat. 22. 
tremulous: trémiilus: v. TRem- 
BLING. 
trench (subs.): 1, fossa (esp. a 
military fosse): to surround walls with 
a rampart and t., circumdare moenia 
vallo atque fossa, Sall. Jug 23: 50, 
vallo fossaque munire, Cues. BG. 2, 5 
to carry a t. (to a certain length), f. 
ducere, ib. 7, 22: to sink a t., f. de- 
primere, Hirt. B.G. 8,9. Also in non- 
milit. sense: bo be digging a t., f. fodere, 
Liv. 3, 26: Hor. Dimin., fossula: Cato: 
Col. 2. sulcus (a long ¢.; esp. in 
Sarming: for drawing off water or for 
planting in): a water t., s. aquarius, 
Pall. 10, 3: to plant rose-trees in ts a 
foot deep, rosam per 8. pedales disponere, 
Col. Arb. 30: cf. ib, 3, 13, pass. a 
| scrobs, Sbis, f. (for planting): to set 
the vine in t.s, Vitem scrobibus deponere, 
Col L c. 
trench (v.): pastino, 1 (to clear soil 
and dig tt deep): Col. 3, 13: or expr. by 
circuml., sulcos ducere (in agro): v. subs. 
trench upon: perh. praesiimo, 3 
Vv. TO ENCROACH, 
trencher: |. A wooden platter : 
catillus ligneus: Val. Max.: v. PLATE 
(LIL). Il. One who digs trenches : 
pastinator, Col. 3,13. Or use fossor, ib. 
trepan (subs.): mddidlus (a surgical 
| instrument for removing small portions 
of bone): Cels. 8, 3. (For the same pur- 
| pose was used the terebra, when the 
| portion of bone to be removed was larger, 
dut the description of the modiolus 
| answers better to the modern tnstru- 
| ment.) (Serra versatilis, R. and A.) 
trepan (v.): |. Surgical: *cal- 
variam modiolo perforare (Kr.). Or perh. 
calvariae particulam modiolo excidere. 
|]. Zo tmpose upon: circumvénio 
4: V. TO CIRCUMVENT, CHEAT. 
trepidation : trépiditio (agitation 
excitement, alarm): Cic.: Liv. Expr 
to be in a state of t., by trepidare 
Cic.: Sall. 
trespass (v.): . To enter the 
grounds of another illegally: Pbhr. 
in alienum fundum [sine domini per- 
missu] ingredi: cf. Gai. Dig. 41, 1, 3. 
Il. Fig.: to be guilty of an offence : 
délinquo, pecco: v. TO OFFEND. ill. 
To trespass upon : i. e. to intrude on the 
province of another: praesimo, 3: v 
TO ENCROACH. 
trespass (subs.): |. On land : 
expr. by verb: v. TO TRESPASS. Il. 
Wrong-doing : délictum, peccitum: ¥ 
OFFENCE. 
trespasser: see verb. 
tress: of hair, crinis, is, m.: and 
collect. cma, cOmae: V. HATR. 
tressel : *mensae fulcimentum, ful- 
mentum : Vv. SUPPORT, 
trial: |. The act of trying or 
making experiment : 1, expérientia : 
to make t. of certain things, experientia 
quaedam tentare, Varr. R. R. 1, 18: Cic. ; 
Vv. EXPERIMENT. 2, périclitdtio: Cic. 
N. D. 2, 64 (aliquid usu et p. percipere). 
3. expr. to make t. of, by exper- 
iri, periclitari: v. TO TRY. Il. Act 
of putting to proof: 1, péricilum : 
to make t. of any one’s fidelity, fidei 
alicujus p. facere, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 12, 
intt. 2, tentatio: t. of perseverance, 
t. perseverantiae, Liv. 4,42. 3, proba- 
tio ( proof, examination): t. of athletes, 
p. athletarum, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144: see 
also EXAMINATION. (Or expr. by verb: 
v. TO TRY.) Ill. mae da 
75 





TRIANGLE 


TRIFLE 


TRIP 


a 


us; and pl. cOnata, orum: v. ATTEMPT. 
IV. In religious sense, suffering or 
affliction sent to try men; usu. pl.: 
*tribulationes, afflictiones: Scrr. Hecl. 
(Calamitates virtutis spectandae causa 
divinitus allatae, RK. and A.) V. Ju- 
dicial : 1. judicium: to bring a per- 
son to t., aliquem in j. adducere, Cic. Opt. 
Gen. Or.4, 20: to bring a case to t., 
causam in j. deducere, ib. § 19: this ts 
the first t. for assassination that has 
taken place for a long time, longo inter- 
vallo j. inter sicarios hoc primum com- 
mittitur, id. R. Am. 5, init.: this ¢. is 
concerning ...., in hac causa j. fit do 
..+, id. Caec. 2, 4: to undergo t. before 
the people, populi j. subire, Ascon, in 
Cic. Scaur. 2. quaestio (course of 
legal investigation ; esp. in a case affect- 
ing the caput of a citizen: a public 
trial): to move for the t. of any one, q. 
in aliquem ferre, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: to 
have the conducting of the t.s for assasst- 
nation, quaestionem inter siearios exer- 
cere, id. Fin. 2, 16: to hold a t. (judicial 
investigation | concerning the death of a 
man, de viri morte q. habere, id. Clu. 
65, init. (So expr. by quaero: e. g. 
quaerere de rebus repetundis, id. Verr. 
Act. 1, 9, extr.: a trial was held, quae- 
situm est.) Phr.: to put any one on 
his ¢., interrogare aliquem; also pos- 
tulare, aceusare: V. TO ACCUSE. 
triangle: 1. triangiilum: Cic. 
N. D. 2, 49, 125: Quint. Q, trigoOnum: 
Varr.: Gell.: Col. 
triangular: 11. triangiilus: Cic.: 
Cels. Q. triquétrus : an island of t. 
shape, insula natura t., Caes. B. G. 5, 
13: Col. 8, trigdnus: Manil. 
tribe: tribus, tis, f.: to assemble the 
people in t.s without classification, po- 
pulum fuse in tribus convocare, Cic. Leg. 
3, 19,44: to expel a man from his t., 
aliquem tribu movere, id. de Or. 2, 67, 
272. In speaking of particular tribes, 
the noun is often understood: e.g. 
Q. Verres of the Romilian t., Q. Verres 
Romilia (sc. tribu), Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 8, 
23: so, praerogativa (sc. tribus) the ¢. 
which voted first : Cic. Div. 1, 45, extr.: 
Liv. By ts, tributim: Cic. Fl. 7, 15: 
also = in the comitia of the t.s, Liv. 
3, 55 (quod tributim plebs jussisset). 
Relating to the t.s, tribuarius : Cic. Plane. 
15, 36. 
tribulation: * tribilationes: Scrr. 
l.: V. TROUBLE, CALAMITY. 
tribunal: |. Seat of judgment: 
tribunal, alis, ». (a raised platform on 
which the seats of magistrates were 
placed): to sit on the t., in t. sedere, 
Cic. de Or. I, 37, 168: to carry on pro- 
ceedings in the t., pro t. agere, id. Fam. 
3,8. Join: de sella ac tribunali pro- 
nuntiare, id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, 94. Il. 
Court: jadicium: v. court (V1.). 
tribunate: tribinatus, is: with 
plebis, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 25: oftener 
without: id. Am. 12, 41. Jn the t. of 
Ti. Gracchus, Ti.Graccho tribuno plebis : 
cf. L. G. § 589, 2. 
tribune: |. An officer so called : 
esp. a tribune of the commons : tribtnus 
plebis (Tr. Pl}, or simply, tribtinus, pass. 
||. 4 kind of pulpit to speak from : 
contio: to mount the t., ascendere in c., 
Cic. Fin. 2, 22, fin.: see also PULPIT. 
tribunitial;: tribunicius -or tius: 
Cic.: Caes. 
tributary (adj.): 1, vectigilis, e: 
a t. state, civitas v., Cic. Verr. 3, 34, 79: 
the Suevi made these t., hos Suevi vec- 
tigales sibi fecerunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 3: 
Sall. Join: vectigalis, stipendiarius, 
Liy. Q, stipendiarius (strictly, paying 
tribute in a sum of money; whereas 
vectigales may denote those who pay in 
kind): Caes.: Liv. 8. tributarius 
(late): Plin.: Just. 
tributary (subs.): of a river: expr. 
by influo, 3: the Allia is a t. of the 
Tiber, Allia Tiberim influit: v. TO FLOW 
INTO. 
tribute: |. Lit., revenue paid by 
subject states: 1, tribitum: to impose 
a t, t. imponere, Caes. B.C. 3, 32: to 
exact oppressive t., intolerabilia t. exigere, 
876 





Cic. Fam. 3, 7: to pay t., t. conferre, 
pendére: v. TO Pay. 2, vectigal, 
alis, m. : V. REVENUE, TAX. I]. Fig. : 
Phr.: to pay the t. of praise to any one, 
*aliquem laudibus debitis efferre, ornare, 
ceiebrare : the last t. (of affection), i. e. 
Funeral honours, suprema, orum: Tac.: 
v. FUNERAL. 

tribute-money: *pecunia quae pro 
tributo pendi solet. (Numisma census : 
Vulg. Matt. xxii. 19.) 

trice: Phr.: inat., momento tem- 
poris: v., MOMENT. 

trick (subs.): 1, dolus (craft, 
stratagem : opp. to straightforward ho- 
nest conduct): to contrive a t., d. nectere, 
Liv. 27, 28: Virg.: v. STRATAGEM. Q, 
stropha (rare): canting t.s, verbosae s., 
Phaedr. 1, 14,4: Plin. min.: Sen. 3, 
ars, artificium: v. ARTIFICE. 4, prae- 
stigiae, arum (lit., sleight of hand, jug- 
glery: hence, any dexterous, cunning 
imposition): your ts are exposed | 
patent pr., PL: Cap. 3, 3, 9: Cic. 
Join: dolos, fallacias, praestigias : 
poet. Cic. N. D. 3, 29. 5, furtum 
(lit. theft; hence, any sly artifice) : 
Hor. Od. 1, 10, 8 (jocoso condere f.): 
ts of war (stratagems), furta belli, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 515. 

trick (v.): dolis capere; lndificari, 
illudere, etc. ; v. TO DECEIVE, CHEAT. 

trickery; dolus, praestigiae, etc. : v. 
TRICK. 

trickish: ? d6lésus, subdélus, prae- 

tricksv: eae fof a person, 
praestigiator, f. -trix: Pl.], vétérator: 
V. DECKITFUL, KNAVISH, CRAFTY, 

trickle: 1, stillo, « (to fall wn 
drops): the honey t.s from the oak, de 
viridi s. ilice mella, Ov. M. 1, 112: fot. 
gently, lente s., Varr. R. R. 1, 41. Comp. 
destillo, 1 (¢o t. down): Virg. G. 3, 281: 
Aus. 2. liquor, no perf/., 3 (to melt 
and flow away : flow as things melting 
do: chiefly poet.): drops of black blood 
t. from the tree, huic (arbori) atro li- 
quuntur sanguine guttae, Virg. Aen. 3, 
28: t.ing honey, liquentia mella, ib. 1, 
432. 3. mano, 1 (to ooze out, t. or 
stream down; as sweat does): warm 
drops t. from the tree, tepidae m. ex 
arbore guttae, Ov. M. 10, 500: sweat t.s 
(streams) from the whole body, manat 
ex toto corpore sudor, Enn.: Cic. 

trickling (@4)j,) : stillans, stillativus 
(Plin. Val.j, stillaticius (Plin.], manans : 
v. TO TRICKLE. 

trickster : 1. praestigiator, f. 
-trix: Pl. Poen. 5, 3,6: Sen. 2. vé- 
térator (an inveterate t.): Ter. Andr. 
2, 6, 26: Cic. 3. bomo déldsus, sub- 
ddlus, etc.: Vv. DECEITFUL, KNAVISH. 

tricorporal : tricorpor, dris: Virg. 

trident: tridens, ntis, m.: Virg.: Ov. 
Called also, cuspis triplex; and simply, 
cuspis, Ov. 

tried (part. adj.): 1, spectatus 
(lit., well looked at; that has stood the 
test of being looked at): oft. with another 
word: e€. g. [homines] s. et probati, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 27, 124: fides s. et diu cognita, 
id. Div. Verr.4. 2, probatus: Cic. (v. 
supr.): Col. 8. expertus: a man of 
t. valour in the cause of the plebs, vir 
pro causa plebis ex. virtutis, Liv. 3, 44. 
Join: [virtus] praesens, experta atque 
perspecta, Cic. Bal. 6, 16. (Comp. and 
sup. of spectatus and probatus are of 
frequent occurrence: expertus appears 
to be used only in positive.) 4, cog- 
nitus (known; learnt by experience) : 
cf. swpr. (1). 

triennial: 1, triennis, e: a word 
occurring only in n. pl. triennia sc. sacra, 
a t. festival, Ov. M. 9, 642. 2. trié- 
téricus (Gr. tptetnpixos): Ov.: Virg. 
N. pl. trieterica = triennia: Ov. R. Am. 
593. At. period, triennium: Cic.: Caes. 

triennially: tertio quoque anno. 

trifle (subs.): 1, res parva, lévis, 
minita; parvi (exigui) momenti: v. 
TRIFLING. 2. only pl. nigae, arum 
(nonsense) : thinking over some t. [verses], 
nescio quid meditans nugarum, Hor. S. 
I, 9, 2: V. NONSENSE. 8. apinae, 
tricae, arum (something without value : 
v. rare): Mart. 14, 1, 7 (sunt apinae 


tricaeque et si quid vilius istis). Phr.: 
to regard anything as a mere t., aliquid 
in levi habere, Tac. H. 2, 21: to waste 
the day over senseless t.s, diem frigidis 
[frigidissimis] rebus absumere, Plin. Ep. 
1,9, 3. (Lhe use of minutiae, arum, in 
this sense, is without classical authority.) 

trifle (v.): liido, si, sum, 3: v. To 
FOOL (1.). So illiido, 3 (¢o t. away) : cf. 
ib. (IL). (Nugari denotes something 
more than trifling: = to talk nonsense.) 
Sometimes opp. to being in earnest : 
jécor, 1: v. TO JOKE. Sometimes used 
of poetical composition: lido: Hor. Od. 
4 9; 9. 

trifler: niigator (term of contempt ; 
silly person) : Cic. Sen. 9, 27: Gell. In 
same sense (homo) nugax : Coel. in Cic. 
Fam. 8, 15. Phr.: to be a mere t., 
multa agendo nihil agere, Phaedr. 2, 5, 3 
(de ardelione) : tempus in rebus mini- 
mis (minimi momenti) consumere; 
tempori rebus nugatoriis illudere: v. To 
TRIFLE, 

trifling (subs.): lidus, jécus, inep- 
tiae, etc. : V. SPORT, NONSENSE. 

trifling (adj.): 1. lévis (inconsi- 
derable, unimportant): for a t. reason, 
1. de causa, Caes. B. G. 7, 4: money was 
always a very t. consideration in his 
eyes, cui pecunia semper fuit levissima, 
Cic. R.Com.5,15. Veryt., perlevis : Cic. 

2, parvus, exiguus, minitus: éhe most 
t. causes, minima momenta, Cie. Ph. 5, 
10, init.: t. things have great influence, 
parvae res magnum in utramque partem 
momentum habent, Caes. B. C. 3, Jo: 
some very t. legacies, exiguissima legata, 
Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7: t. articles, i. e. of €. 
value, res minutae, Cic. Clu. 64, 180: v. 
SMALL. 3, parvi s. levis momenti: 
parvo s. levi momento: v. IMPORTANCE 
(I.). 4, expr. so ¢. by tantiilus: such 
t. business, tantularam rerum occupa- 
tiones, Caes. B. G. 4, 22: so t. @ delay, 
tantulum morae, Cic. Verr. 2, 38,93. See 
also INSIGNIFICANT (throughout). 

trigger : ligula (sclopeti): R. and A. 

trigonometrical : * trigonometri- 
cus: ¢. t. 

trigonometry; trigonometria; tri- 
gonometrice ; -a, orum: cf. GEOMETRY. 

trilateral; trilatérus: Front. 

trill (v.): vibrisso, 1: Fest, (vi- 
brissare est vocem in cantando crispare, 
Fest. s. v.). Or by circuml, *arguta 
tremulaque voce cantare. 

trim (adj.): nitidus: v. NEAT. 

trim (v.): |. To prune, dress: 

1. puto, 1: Vv. TO PRUNE. OM 

tondeo,2: v.TOCLIP. |], Tostraighten, 
arrange; esp. the hair: cOmo, 3: v. TO 
pREss (LII.). Also, to trim sails ; i. e. 
to adjust them, tightening the ropes: 
*vela contentis funibus pandere. UL. 
Intrans. and Fig.: to adapt one’s 
policy to the course of events: perh. 
*ad incertos fortunae casus spectare; ad 
fortunae eventum se integrum servare$ 
neutri parti satis fidum se praebere. 

trimmer: perh. qui temporibus sere 
vit: see also TO TRI (III.). 

trinity: trinitas: Tert.: Serr. Eccl. 

trinket: 1, mundus (collect. subs., 
including all a woman’s toilet articles) : 
Liv. 34, 7: Dig. 2. crépundia, orum 
(used of amulets, rings, etc.): Cic. Br. 
gi, tnit.: PL. 3. munditia, mun- 
ditiae: v. FINERY. See also ORNAMENT. 

trio: in music, * cantus ternarius 
(cantus musicorum t., Kr.): thiee pere 
sons together, perh. trinio, Onis, m.+ 
Isid. 

trip (svbs.): |, A short excursion: 
*iter animi causa susceptum. i]. 4 
stumble: expr. by pedem offendere: v. 
TO STUMBLE. 

trip (.): |. Trans.: to trip 
up: supplanto, 1: Cic. Off. 3, 10, 42. 
(R. and A. give pedes alicui subducere, 
with ref. to Curt. 9, 7, ad fin.; but the 
sense there is pulling a man’s feet from 
under him with the hands.) |. in- 
trans.: to stumble: pedem offendo, 3: 
v. TOSTUMBLE. Fig. : tomake a mistake : 
erro, labor, etc.: v. MISTAKE. Phr.: to 
catch any one t.ing, imprudentem (neco- 
pinum) aliquem in delicto (in errore} 





TRIPARTITE 


: V. TO OVERTAKE, SURPRISE. 
{}j. Also intrans., to move lightly 
alony: leviter (suspenso pede) ire (v. 
TIPTOE): see also TO DANCE. 
tripartite: tripartitus (tripert.) : 
t, division, divisio t., Cir. Off. 3, 2, 9. 
tripe: 1, 6masum (bullock’s t.): 
Hor.: Piin. 2. omentum: Juv. 13, 
ed g- porci). (Fendicae, minced guts : 


—-seller: omasi venditor. 
triple (adj.): triplex, icis: ¢. (three- 
method, t. ratio, Cic. Tuse. 1, 10, 
20: t. brass (t. layer of), t. aes, Hor.: 
Y. TREBLE. 
triple (v.): v. TO TREBLE. 
triplet: *terni versus qui similiter 
(simili ratione) desinunt. 
ipod: 1. tripus, ddis, m.: Cic. : 
Virg.: Hor. 2. cortina (lit. kettle, 
caldron): used of the t. of Apollo, Virg. 
Aen. 3,92: Ov. 
tripos: tripus qui dicitur; hoc est, 
certaminis Academici praemium. 
triptotes: triptdta, orum: Diom. 
trireme: trirémis, is, f.: Cic.: Caes.: 
more fully, navis triremis (tr. being 
strictly adj.): Caes. B. C. 2, 6. 
trisyllabic: trisyllabus: Varr.: 
it. 


pi 
trisyllable: verbum trisyllabum: 
Varr. 


tritagonist: *tritigonista, qui di- 
citur: hoc est, qui tertias partes sus- 
tinet. 

trite: 1, tritus (lit. rubbed, well- 
worn): @ t. proverb, tritum sermone 
proverbium, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33. Join: 
usitatum et tritum; [in Graeco ser- 
mone] tritum atque celebratum, Cic. 
Strengthened, econtritus (worn out): t. 
precepts, (omnium communia et] c. prae- 
cepta, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 137. Join: 
contritum et contemptum, id. 2, per- 
vulgatus (very generally current): ef. 
Cic. Fam. 5, 16, ad init., consolatio per- 
vulgata quidem illa maxime ....: Gell. 

3. expr. by phr. quod sermone 
(omnium) percrebruit : Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 
init. (in rather diff. sense, of a prevalent 
impression). 

triumph (subs.): |. Jn Roman 
sense: ], triumphus: fo gain a t., 
t. deportare, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 78: to cele- 
brate a t. for (a victory over), t. agere 
de ...., id. Verr. 5, 39, 100: also, t. ex 
(e.g. Etruria: with ref. to the country in 
which the t. is gained) agere, Liv. 6, 73 
and with depend. gen., Pharsalicae pug- 
nae t., Cic. Ph. 14, 8, 23: to decree a t. to 
any one, t. alicui decernere, id. Fin. 4, 9, 
22: to lead in t., per t. aliquem ducere, 
id. Verr. 5, 26, 67; and of things, not 
persons, in triumpho ducere, Plin. (e. g. 
elephantos). 4 man who has enjoyed a t., 
vir triumphalis: Vell. 2, 6: and absol. 

without vir): Suet.: Quint. 2, dvatio 

lesser triumph) : Gell. [N.B—The noun 
ovatio is rare: the verb ovare usu. serv- 
ing: v. OVATION.] Il. Fig.: victory ; 
exultation : victoria: gaudium, laetitia, 
exsultatio: Vv. VICTORY, EXULTATION. 
Sometimes trépaeum may be the best 
word: let us sing the fresh t.s of 
Augustus, nova cantemus Augusti tr., 
Hor. Od. 2,9, 19: Ov. 

triumph wo: |. In Roman sense: 
triumpho, 1: to t. for a victory over ..., 
de ... tr., Cic. Ph. 11, 8, 18: less freq. 
ex ..., Curt. Also pbr. triumphum 
agere: v. subs. I]. To exult over: 
perh. triumpho: cf. Caes. in Cic. Att. 9, 
16, A., triumphare gaudio, Phr.: if 
not to escape tortures, yet tot. over them, 
*si non effugere cruciatus saltem eos 
perferendo exsuperare. 

triumphal: triumphbilis, e: Cic. : 
Plin.: ¢. decorations, t. ornamenta, Suet. 
Aug. 38 (absol. triumphalia, Tac.). 

triumphant: victor; /. -trix: v. 
VICTORIOUS. 

triumvir: triumvir, viri; pl. trium- 
viri or tresviri: Val. Max. 5, 4, 7 (but 
the sing. is rare): t.s for regulating the 
state, tresviri reipublicae constituendae, 
Liv. Epit. 120: also simply, tres-viri or 
triumviri, Suet. Aug. 96. In speaking 
of the various boards of three which 


TROTTER 


existed at Rome, the form triumviri 
seems to be always used. 
triumvirate: triumviratus, iis: Cic. 
(N.B.—Not to be used of the sv-called 
Jirst tr.: which was simply potentia, 
not a potestas at all: v. POWER.) 
triune: triniinus: Serr. Eccl. (Kr.): 
trinus (Georg.). 
trivial: lévis: v. TRIFLING. 
triviality: nigae, Ineptiae: 
TRIFLE, NONSENSE. 
trivet: *ferrum tripes in quo cor- 
tinae (ahena) super foco collocentur. 
trochaic: 1, tréchafens: Quint. 
2. tréchaeides, ts (having a t. cha- 
racter): Mart. Cap. (t, numerus). 
trochee: tréchaeus (rpoxatos) : Cic.: 
Quint. 
Trojan: |. As subs. : Tris, Trois, 
m.; Troas, adis, f.: also, l'rdjanus, Tré- 
jugéna (m. and f.): and pl. Aenéadae, 
Dardanidae, arum. Virg. I]. Adj. : 
Trojanus, Lliacus (rarely, Llius), Trdius : 
Virg.: Troicus: Ov. 
troop (subs.): J, turma (of ca- 
valry): Varr. L. L. §, 16, go: Caes.: 
poet. in more gen. sense, Jlian t.s, Lliae 
t., Hor. Car. Saec. 38. 2. caterva 
(prob. a Celtic word; and used esp. of 
Gallic and other barbarian forces) : cf. 
Isid. 9, 2, 46, proprie Macedonum pha- 
lanx, Gallorum caterva dicitur: Lycian 
t.s, Lyciae c., Hor. $8. manus, iis (in 
widest sense): v. BAND, FORCE. 4, 
grex, grégis, m. : v. COMPANY (II.), GANG. 
5, globus (any close body of men) : 
Liv.: Tae. For troops (as collect. subs.), 
v. sub v. 
troop (v.): usu. with prep., as to t. 
together, confluere: v. TO FLOCK TO- 
GETHER. 
trooper: éques, itis: v. HORSEMAN. 
troops: 1, cOpiae, arum: v. 
FORCES. 2. milites; and sometimes 
sing. miles (used collect.): Vv. SOLDIER. 
8. exercitus, iis: to raise t., ex. 
comparare, parare: v, ARMY. 
trope: trépus: Quint. 9, 1, 4. See 
also FIGURE (ILI.), FIGURATIVE. 
trophy: trépaeum (in Gk. sense): 
to set up a t., t. ponere, Cic. Pis. 38, 92: 
t. statuere, id. Inv. 2, 23, 69: constituere, 
ef. Virg. Aen. 11, 7: in modum tropae- 
orum arma [aggeri, trunco, etc.] im- 
ponere, Tac. A. 2, 18. For looser sense, 
perh. better monumentum (v. MEMO- 
RIAL): though tropaeum is also used in 
pretty much this sense: v. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict. s. v. 
tropic: circiilus trépicus: Hygin.: 
and for brevity, tropicus (absol.): Kr. 
The t. of Cancer, circulus (orbis) solsti- 
tialis, Varr. L. L. 9, 18, 24: of Capri- 
corn, c. brumalis, ib.: Gell. 
tropical: |. Of the tropics: tri- 
picus: v. TROPIC. 7. region, quae inter 
circulum solstitialem brumalemque re- 
giones sunt. Figurative: trod- 
picus: Gell. See also FIGURATIVE. 
trot (v.): exact word not known: 
the phr. toltitim ire appears rather to 
denote a kind of gentle canter (non 
vulgaris in cursu gradus sed mollis al- 
terno crurum explicatu glomeratio, unde 
eques tolutim capere incursum traditur 
arte, Plin. 8, 42, 67): certainly not an 
ordinary trot. Phr.: to t. gently along, 
lento cursu ire s. vehi: cf. foll. art. 
trot oe: perh. ambilatira: cf. 
Veg. Vet. 4,6: where a particular kind 
of pace is described thus: ambulaturae 
quadam gratia (by their delightful pace) 
discernuntur a ceteris (equis): gradus 
est minutus et creber .... (evidently, 
a short, quick, easy trot). Oft. incessus, 
gradus, or cursus will be sufficiently 
precise : at a gentle t., lento cursu, in- 
cessu, gradu, etc. 
troth: fides: v. FArTH. 
trotter: three ditferent kinds of 
trotting horses are named by Veg.: 
colatorii, appy. very gentle trotters ; 
those named in preced. art.: and toto- 
narii, Veg. 4,6: they differed from each 
other in degree and kind of pace; from 
which the last would seem to have 
been what we should call hard trotters. 
(.N.B.—Not equus tolutarius; which was 


v. 


TROUBLE 


rather a lady's horse: equus (cahallus) 
suCcCUSSOr, or succussator, is a horse that 
jolts the rider.) 
trouble (subs.): |, Labour, pains ; 
| With an accessory notion of vezation or 
| annoyance: J], mdlestia (in which the 
notion of annoyance predominates): to 
give any one t. (or annoyance), alicui 
m. exhibere, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1; afferre, 
| Ter. Hec, 3, 2,9: as far as can be done 
without t. on your part, quod sine m. 
tua fiat, Cic. Fam. 13, 23: v. ANNOYANCE, 
2. négdtium (in which the idea of 
having something to do, or difficulty, 
predominates) ; (to be able to do any- 
thing) without t., nallo n., Cic. Att. 10, 
16: to give any one t., alicui n. facessere, 
id. Fam. 3, 10, init.: [ have a good deal 
of t. in managing the boy, (puero) re- 
gendo habeo negotii satis, id. Att. 6, 2, 1. 
3. Opéra (in which the idea of 
exertion, pains, effort predominates) : 
to take a good deal of t. about anything, 
| multum operae in aliqua re ponere, Cic, 
Att. 12, 20: so, tantum studium tamque 
multam operam ponere in aliqua re, id. 
Fin. 1, init.: it is worth the t., pretium 
operae est, id. Agr. 2, 27, 73: so, pre- 
tium operae facere, to get a (sufficient) 
reward for one’s t., Liv. pref. init, 
Join: multum operae laborisque feon- 
sumere in aliqua re}, id. de Or. 1, §5, 
intt.: Vv. PAINS, 4, libor: v. Labour, 
EFFORT. Phr.: to take a great deal of 
t. with anything, elaborare in aliqua re 
(¥. PAINS): with much t. (or difficulty), 
aegre, VIX: V. DIFFICULTY (L., fin.): if 
it is not too much ¢., nisi molestum 
est, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 20. See also to EXERT 
(iL), EXERTION. [J], Reverse, calamity, 
distress: 1, incommddum (disadvan- 
tage, blow, disaster): let us grieve over 
our own t. and loss [by the death of a 
friend], nostro i. detrimentoque dole- 
amus, Cic. Br. 1, 4: so many t.s in life, 
tot i. in vita, id. N. D. 1, 9, fin. 2 
labor (esp. in pl.): in my (time of) t., 
in meo L, Cic. Fam. 15, 8: the last t.s of 
Troy, Trojae supremus 1., Virg. Aen. 2, 
11: having gone through many varied 
t.s, perfunctus multis variisque L, Nep. 
Han.13. 8, aerumna (toil and distress 
combined)): death a release from the t.s 
of life, mors aerumnarum requies, Sall 
Cat. 51: cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 118, labores 
[Herculis] ... tristissimo verbo aerum- 
unas nominaverunt. 4, ddlor: v. GRIEF. 
5, res adversa, and esp. pl. res ad- 
versae: V. ADVERSITY. 6, malum (gen. 
term for whatever is bad or calamitous) : 
no stranger to t., non ignara mali, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 630: o’erwhelmed with t., presse 
malo (navis), Hor. Od. 1, 14, 10. Phr.: 
to entertain confidence in t. afflictis 
confidere rebus, Virg. Aén. 1, 452: t be 
in t. (or difficulty), laborare: to be in ¢. 
From debt, ex aere alieno L, Caes. B, C. 
3, 22. |i]. Commotion : in this sense 
usu. pl.: motus, timultus, etc.; v. coM- 
MoTION. Sometimes tempora may serve ; 
which is specially used of difficult or 
trying circumstances: during Wie pre- 
sent t.s, his reipublicae temporibus : cf. 
Cic. FI. 3, 6. 
trouble(v.): |, Tooccasion trouble 
to any one: Phr.: molestiam alicui exhi- 
bere, afferre: v. preced. art. (1.). Or expr. 
by adj.: I should be sorry to t. you, no- 
lim tibi molestus esse: V. TROUBLESOME. 
|]. With pron. refl., to t. oneself, 
i.e. to take t. and pains about anything : 
ciiro, 1 (to take care of, attend to): to 
t. oneself about other people's business, 
aliena negotia curare, Cic. Top. 17, 66: 
they don’t t. themselves about anything 
except ..., praeter ... nihil curant, id 
Fin. 4, 14, 36: don’t t. yourself! aliud 
cura! Ter. Ph. 2, 1,5. Not to t. oneself 
about ..., negligo, exi, ctum, 3: cf. 
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, fin., dii magna curant, 
parva negligunt: Vv. TO ATTEND TO; and 
TO NEGLECT. Phr.: (shall be glad) 
if you will help him, so far as you can 
without ting yourself, eum juveris, 
quod sine molestia tua fiat, Cic. Fam. 13, 
23: in similar use, nisi molestum est: 
be so good as to stand up, tf w ts not 
t.ing you too much, tu autem, nisi m. 
877 





TROUBLER 


ST 


sgt, exsurge, Cic. Clu. 60, fin.: or in 
declining a kinuness, perh. benigne 
(L thank you kindly ; but don’t t. your- 
self !): ef. Hor. Ep. 1,7, 16: I shall not 
t. myself about it, non ego laborem 
Operamque meam in ea re ponam, con- 
sumam : v. preced. art.(I.,3). [I]. 7 
disturb ; disquiet : 1. sollicito, 1 (¢o 
disquiet): to t. the state, statum quietae 
civitatis s., Liv. 21, 10, fim.: sO, s.pacem, 
id. 34, 16, extr.: oft. of the mind: tot.and 
distress any one, aliquem s, atque angere, 
Cic. Att. 1, 18. 9. turbo, perturbo, 1: 
Vv. TO DISTURB. 3, vexo, I (a strong 
term : to treat with violence, as is done 
in war): cf. Cic. Cat. 1, 10, extr., quum 
bello vastabitur Italia, vexabuntur 
urbes: v. TO HARASS. IV. In pass., 
to be t.d with something (esp. @ com- 
plaint): laboro, 1 (esp. of maladies): 
to be t.d with gout in the feet, ex pedibus 
1, Cic. Fam. 9, 23: so, ex intestinis lL, 
ib. 7, 26. May often be expr. by special 
verb or adj.: e.g. to bz t.d with sickness, 
nauseare, Hor.: Cels.: to be t.d with 
fever, febricitare, Cels.: Cic.: t.d with 
dropsy, bydropicus, Hor.: with asthma, 
asthmaticus, Plin.: with stone, calcu- 
fosus, Cels.: etc.: Vv. DROPSY, FEVER, 
STONE, etc. Also pass., to be t.d about 
anything, i.e. to be distressed or grieved : 
Qdleo; dolorem ex aliqua re capio: v. 
TO GRIEVE, VEX. Phr.: he was not at 
all t.d (concerned) about that, nihil se 
ea re commoveri, Caes. B. G. 1, 40. 

troubler: turbator; /. -trix: Liv.: 
Tac. Sometimes (as a strong expr.), 
fax, facis, f. (firebrand) may serve: 
Gic.: Plin. (Or expr. by rel. clause: 
V. TO TROUBLE, III.) 

troublesome: 1. miolestus (an- 
noying): begone! don’t be t.! abscede 
hinc! ne sis m.! Pl. As. 2, 4, 63: Cic. 
Join: operosus ac molestus [labor], 
Cic. N. D. 2, 23, init.: laboriosus mo- 
lestusque, id. Leg. 3, 8, 19. Permolestus 
(very t.): Cic. See also TO TROUBLE (1I.). 

2. gravis (burdensome): I should be 

glad, if it will not be t. to you, velim, 
si tibi grave non erit ...,Cic. Fam. 13, 
74: 1 am afraid of being t. to you, 
verevr ne tibi g. sim, cf id. Top. 1, 4: 
neither t. nor difficult, non g. nec dil- 
ficile, id. Inv. 2, 45, init. Hence, to be t. 
(or burdensome) to any one, gravare ali- 
quem, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 264. 3, incom- 
modus (inconvenient, disadvantageous) : 
a t. (disagreeable) voyage, i. iter, Ter. 
Hec. 1, 4, 1: Pl.: v. DISADVANTAGEOUS, 
INCONVENIENT. 4, opérosus (involv- 
ing much work and pains): Cic.: cf. 
supr. (1). 

troublous: aerumnosus: Cic. Or by 
circuml., aerumnis s. laboribus plenus, 
etc.: v. TROUBLE, 

trough: alveus (any hollow wooden 
vessel): Cato R. R. 81. Dimin., alveolus 
(a small t.): Liv.: Juv. 

trousers: féminalia, ium (coverings 
enclosing the thighs, short drawers: 
they corresponded to the braecae of the 
Gauls, which however reached to the 
knees): Suet. 82. Braccae (bracae) may 
also be used; the article of dress being 
a foreign one. (Feminalia is the word 
used in Vulg. Ex. xxviii. 42.) 

trout; tructa (Gr. tpwx7ys): Isid. Or. 
12, 6, 6 (varii a varietate, quos vulgo 
tructas vocant): also, tructus: Plin. Val. 
Salmon t.: *salmo fario, Linn. (prob. 
the fish called fario, Aus. Mos. 130). 

trow : V- THINK. 

trowel; trulla: Pall.1,15. To lay 
on with at.: plaster, trullisso, 1: Vitr. 

truant; perh. vagus, errabundus: v. 
STRAY, WANDERING. 10 play t., *locum 
deserere ; solita ludi (litterarii) munia 
negligere. 

truce: indutiae, arum (-ciae): to 
agree upon a t. for 30 days, xxx. dierum 
i. cum hoste pacisci, Cic. Off. 1, Io. 33: 
also, i. facere, id. Ph. 8, 7, 20: during t., 
per i., Liv. 30, 37: the t. had expired, 
indutiarum dies exierat, Liv. 4, 30, med. 
(but we can also say, simply, exeunt 
indutiae, acc. to Forcell. s. v.): to break 
off a t., i. tollere, Liv. 30, 4. Phr.: a 
t. to that nonsense! aufer istas nugas! 

878 








TRUNK 


TRUTH 





truck (subs.): perb. carrus (gen. 
term). 

truckle: ‘dior, assentor, 1: 
FLATTER. 

trudge: perh. aegre, fesso pede ire. 

true (adj.): |. Opp. to falsehood : 

1. vérus: opp. falsus, Ter. Andr. 5, 
4,19: et pass. Less freq. = speaking 
the truth; veracious (verax: Vv. infr.): 
a t. prophetess, v. vates, Ov. Her. 16, 
123. 9. verax (that speaks the truth) : 
at. oracle, v. oraculum, Cic. Div. 1, 19, 
38: Hor.: v. veracious’ Phr.: (i.) in 
asseveration: sot. as I’m alive, ita 
vivam, ut (with indic.), Cic. Att. 5, 15: 
for which may be used, ita me dii ament 
(juvent), Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 1 (like our, 
so help me God); and, ita sim felix, 
Prop. 1, 7, 3: *ita deos mihi velim pro- 
pitios! (R. and A.) (ii.) in replies: 
when it may be expr. by, ita (prorsus) 
existimo, mihi ita videtur, certe: v. 
CERTAINLY, YES. True; but ..., atqui: 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, If: v. YET. I]. ot 
spurious; real, genuine : 1, vérus: 
t. and perfect friendship, v. et perfecta 
amicitia, Cic. Am. 6, 22: cf. id. 25, 95: 
Vv. GENUINE, REAL. 9, sincérus (not 
adulterated or tampered with): 
simulatus, fucatus, Cic. 1. c. a: 
manus: v. GENUINE, THOROUGH. 
Keeping faith : fidus, fidélis: v. FAITH- 
FUL. |V, Exact; esp. of lines: Phr.: 
t. to the perpendicular, square, etc.: 
* quod subtiliter ad perpendiculum (nor- 
mam, etc.) respondet: a ¢. line, * perh. 
linea justa: or simply, linea recta: v. 
STRAIGHT. 

truffle; tiber, éris, .: Plin. 19, 2, 
11, Juv. (T. cibarium, Linn.) 

truly: 1, veré (with truth; not 
falsely : also, genuinely, really): Cic.: 
Liv. 2, profecto (assuredly): Cic.: 
Hor.: v. REALLY. 

trump (subs.): in cards: t. cards, 
perh. primi ordinis (primae classis) 
chartae; chariae principales, victrices. 

trump (v.): *primi ordinis charta 
superare. 

— yp: i.e. to fabricate: commi- 
niscor, confingo: v. TO INVENT, FA- 
BRICATE. 

trumpery: scrita, orum (cheap, 
trashy goods): v. TRASH, 1. stories, 
nugae, gerrae, Ineptiae : Vv. NONSENSE. 

trumpet (subs.) : 1, tuba (@ 
straight-tubed instrument, used for the 
Roman infantry): Cic.: Ov. 2. 
meton., aes, aeris, n.: to rouse men by 
the t., aere ciere viros, Virg. Aen. 6, 165. 

8. buccina (orig. a cow’s-horn 
trumpet, of curved shape): used to 
sound the watches, summon the people, 
etc.: Cic. Mur. 9, 22: Liv. Phr.: 
signal given by t., classicum : used with 
canere: the signal was given by t., 
classicum cecinit, Liv. The verb cano 
is also used without classicum : v. SIGNAL 
(2, 3). So also is used buccino, 1 (to 
blow the buccina, sound the t.): Varr.: 
Sen. Controy. See also CLARION (lituus), 
HORN. 

trumpet (v.): usu. to & abroad: 
praedico, célébro, I: v. TO PROCLAIM, 
PUBLISH, CELEBRATE. Glory t.’d abroad 
by Fame, inclyta fama gloria, Virg. 

trumpeter : 1, tibicen, inis: 
Liv.: Ov. Q, buccinator (cf. TRUMPET, 
2): Caes. Esp. fig.: the t. of any one’s 
credit, b. existimationis alicujus, Cic. fil. 
in Cic. Fam. 16, 21. 3, only fig., 
praedicator: Cic.: v. PROCLAIMER. 4, 
praeco, Onis: Vv. HERALD, jin. Phr.: 
he was his own t., suas ipsius laudes 
celebravit; de se ipse magnifice prae- 
dicare solebat: v. TO PROCLAIM, PRAISE. 

truncheon: perth. scipio (mark of 
dignity) : V. STAFF. 

trundle: volvo, 3: v. TO ROLL. 

trunk (subs.) : |. Ofatree: 1, 
truncus: Cic.: Caes. 9, stirps, pis, f. 
(the animating and supporting principal 
mart of a tree; whereas truncus is just 
the body of the tree apart from the 
boughs and leaves: R. and A.): they 
(trees) receive nourishment through their 
t.s, aluntur per s. suas, Cic. N. D. 2, 32, 
81: Virg. (Stipes, caudex, denote a dry 


v. TO 








stump : v. STOCK, STUMP.) Il. Of the 
human body: truncus corporis: Cic. R. 
Com. 10, 28: and without corporis: id.; 
Virg. Il]. Of an elephant : proboscis ; 
manus: v. PROBOscIS. VY, A chest: 
arca, cista: v. CHEST. 

trunk (adj.): Phr.: t. line, perh. 
via (ferrata) principalis unde ceterae pro- 
ficiscuntur, initium habent. 

truss: J. For hernia: fascia 
(bandage) : for description, see Cels. 7, 


27, init. |]. Of hay or straw: fascis: 
Vv. BUNDLE. 
trust (subs.): |, Confidence : fides, 


fiducia (assurance), fidentia: v. CONFI- 
DENCE. 10 put t. in, fidere, confidere : 
V.TOTRUST. |], Something entrusted : 
1, créditum: to deny a t. on oath, 

c. abjurare, Sall. Cat. 25 : to receive any- 
thing as at. (or loan), aliquid tanquam 
c. accipere, Sen. Ben. 2, 21. 2. depo- 
situm (money deposited with any one for 
security): to return q t.,d. reddere, Cic, 
Off. 1, 10, 31: to deny a t., d. infitiari, 
Juv. 13,60: cf. Ulp. Dig. 16, 3,1 (through- 
out). 3. in wider sense, mandatum, 
oft. pl. (anything entrusted to any one 
to do): v. COMMISSION, CHARGE. il. 
Credit : fides (ILL). P 

trust (as adj.): dépdsitivus: Cassid. 
(d. pecuniae). 

trust (v.): |. To place confidence 
im: 1, fido, confido, fisus, 3 (with 
dat. of person, dat, or abl. of thing, in 
which trust is placed): to ¢. im oneself, 
sibi f., Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 22: Cic.: (Caesar) 
t.’d this legion most of all, huic legioni 
confidebat maxime, Caes. B. G. 1, 40: to 
t. in the stability of fortune, stabilitate 
fortunae c., Cic. Tusc. 5, 14. The abt. 
may also be used of a person when there 
is an attributive: e.g. alio duce c., Liv. 
21, 4, med. (see the place): Ov. 
credo, didi, ditum, 3; (esp. with ref. to 
words spoken ; whereas fido refers rather 
to persons or acts): also, credo, when it 
signifies to put trust in, denotes less than 
fido does; often referring only to one 
particular act or kind of trust: (cf. Liv. 
2, 45, consules magis non confidere quam 
non credere suis militibus, i. e. they did 
not distrust their fidelity, but they had 
not thorough confidence in them): t. not 
the horse! equo ne credite! Virg. Aen. 
2, 48: Cic. (Concredo always trans. : v. 
infr.) Phr.: t.ing to, fretus (with abl.): 
V. RELYING ON. Il. To entrust: crédo, 
concredo; committo, commendo: v. TO 
CONFIDE. 

trustee: 1. fidiiciarius (futor): 
Just. Inst. 1, 19 (where the term denotes 
a fiduciary guardian). 2. déposi- 
tarius (one who receives a deposit): Ulp. 
Dig. 16, 3, 1,§ 36. (Or by circuml., qui 
tutelam fiduciariam exercet, ¢. for a 
ward: v. Just. Inst. 1. c.) 

trusteeship; tutéla fiduciaria : 
Just. Inst. 1. ¢. 

trustful: perh., bene crédiilus (the 
adj. alone usu. implying a fault of cha- 
racter: V.CREDULOUS); qui alteri facile 
confidit, v. TO TRUST. 

trustworthy: 1, locuples, é@tis 
(strictly, that can fulfil his engagements ; 
hence of witnesses, etc., worthy of cre- 
dence) : most t. authorities, locupletissimi 
auctores, Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119: so, testis L, 
id. Off. 3,2, 10. Q, fidus (that may be 
depended on): a t. interpreter, f. inter- 
pres, Hor. A. P. 133: ¢. physicians, f. 
medici, id. Ep. 1, 8, 9: V. FAITHFUL. 

3. gravis (weighty, of worth: opp. 

levis, without weight, not t.): esp. in 
phr. gravis auctor, i. e. a voucher whose 
statement carries weight, Liv. 1, 16: for 
which also, auctor certus, bonus, lucu- 
lentus, Cic. 4, certus: V. SURE, CER- 
TAIN. 

trusty : fidus: ¢. ears, f. aures, Ov. M. 
10, 32: t. sword, f. ensis, Virg. Aen. 6, 
524. See also FAITHFUL, TRUSTWORTHY. 

truth: 1, véritas (in abstr. sense: 
as a principle or quality): & begets 
hatred, v. odium parit, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 
41: opp. fraus, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109: tm ac- 
cordance with t., ex veritate, id. R. Com. 
Io, 29: ad veritatem (as a standard to 
which things may be referred), id. Am 


TRUTH, IN 





25,91: such a lover of truth, adeo dili- 
veritatis, Nep. Epam. 3: to depart 
je the t. (ever so little), a v. deflectere, 
Cic. R. Com. 16, 46: egredi veritatem, 
Plin. Ep. 7. 33, 10 (of historical narra- 
tive, which overstates things): plain, 
homely t., rustica v., Mart. 10, 72, II. 
2. neut. of verus (concrete, that 
which is true; esp. in pl.): tf you wish 
to know the t., si verum [not veritatem ] 
scire vis, Cic. Att. 12, 41: to distinguish 
t. and falsehood, vera ac falsa dijudicare, 
id.: J may speak the t. (without reserve), 
licet verum dicere, id. Fam. 9, 24; also, 
quod verum est (dicere), id. Att. 3, 9: 
and if more than one fact be referred to, 
or if the practice of spealcing the truth be 
meant, vera dicere or loqui: Pl. Cap. 5, 
2,7. {N.B.—Never veritatem dicere or 
loqui: which would have no meaning. ] 
8, sometimes, fides (Chat which may 
be believed): not to aim at producing a 
charming narrative but t., non speciem 
expositionis sed f. quaerere, Quint. fo, 1, 
32: mere words without any t., verba 
sine f. rerum, Liv. 33, 34, init. 
truth, in: @v. phr.: véro, énimvéro : 
¥. INDEED, SURELY. 
truthful : 1, vérax: Herodotus 
more t. than Ennius, H. veracior Ennio, 
Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116: ¢. Bacchus, v. Liber, 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 89: Pl. 2, vérus (rare in 
this sense): the t. lips of Apollo, v. os 
Apollinis, Ov. M. 19, 209: Ter. 3. 
fidus: v. TRUSTWORTHY. 
truthfully ; véraciter: Pl. in Prisc. 
See also TRULY. 
truthfulness: animus veritatis stu- 
didsus: veritatis studium: v. TRUTH. 
If the ref. be to ¢. in giving evidence (on 
oath), religio: v. SCRUPULOUSNESS, 
try: |. To put to the test, make 
trialof: 1, expérior, pertus, 4: fo ¢. 
the strength of a poison, veneni vim ex., 
Cic. Coel. 24, 58: to t. gold, aurum ex., 
ef. Plin. 33, 3, 19, § 59, experimentum 
auri (see also infr. 7): foll. by subj. 
clause: I should like to t. what daring 
you can display, ex. libet’ quantum 
audeatis ..., Liv. 25, 38, med.: to t. all 
means (turn every stone), omnia ex., 
Ter. Andr. 2,1, 11. Q, periclitor, 1 (to 
put to the test by actual use; whereas 
experior may refer to a mere trial): 
to t. one’s powers, vires ingenii p., Cic. de 
Or. 1, 34, 157: also, like preced., foll. by 
subj. clause: quid nostri auderent peri- 
clitabatur, Caes. B.G. 2, 8. 3, tento,1 
(to test): to t. a person’s skill, scientiam 
alicujus t., Cic. Div. 1, 17, 32: J tried 
what I could do in that line, tentavi 
quid in eo genere facere possem, Cic. 


Tuse. 1, 4,7. 4, périctilum (alicujus 
rei) facio: v. TRIAL. 5, exploro, 1: 
Vv. TO TEST. 6, probo, 1: to ¢. the 


edge of a knife, mucronem cultri p., 
Peir. 70: also, aciem, acumen tentare, 
Burm. ad. 7. specto, I (esp. to ¢. 
gold or silver ; sitting and watching the 
process): t.'d by fire, igne spectatus 
(fig.), Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38: Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 25 
(spectare in ignibus aurum). Phr.: 
gold t.’d in the fire, aurum ad obrussam, 
Suet. Ner. 34. See alsoTrtep. — |], 7 
attempt: 1, cOnor, t: v. TO ATTEMPT, 
ENDEAVOUR. Q, tento; also, tempto, I 
(esp. when repeated efforts are spoken 
off): they t.'d to dip in the ocean, 
tentarunt aequore tingi, Ov. M. 2, 172: 
Twill t. to speak on this (difficult) sub- 
ject, tentabo de hoc dicere, Quint. 6, 2, 
2g: Cie. 4n this sense less freq. foll. by 
ut and swbj.: the senate was t.ing to 
carry on the government without a king, 
senatus tentabat, ut ipse gereret sine 
rege rempublicam, Cic. Rep. 2,12. 3, 
perh. expérior, 4 (though always with a 
different shade of meaning from Eng.): 
ef. Smith’s L. Dict.s.v. (11). II. Zo 
examine judicially : 1, jiidico, 1 (to 
exercise the function of a judex, %. e. 
either a sitting or presiding judge): a 
man experierwed in t.ing matters, homo 
in rebus judicandis spectatus, Cic. Verr. 
Act. 1, 10, 29: Vv. TO JUDGE. 2. cog- 
nosco, novi, nitum, 3 (to hold a judicial 
inquiry: said of the presiding judge): to 
& a case, causam ¢., Quint. 4, 1, 3: absol. 








TUMULT 


Verres t.’d the case, Veries acted as judex, 
Verres cognoscebat, Verres judicabat, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, 26: oft. with de and 
abl. : id. Ph. §, 19, 53, etc. [N.B.—Not 
to be used with personal object.) ay 
phr, jidicium exercére (Said of the pre- 
siding judge): Cic. Arch. extr. Note 
also the phr., quaestionem exercere (to 
have the t.ing of all cases under a parti- 
cular statute): to have the duty of tang 
cases of murder, quaestionem inter siva- 
rios ex., Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54. See also 
TRIAL. 

trying (adj.): use, mdlestus (annoy- 
ing), vis (burdensome), incommbddus 
(inconvenient, disadvantageous), asper 
(attended with danger and difficulty), 
etc. 

tryst; *locus ad conveniendum con- 
stitutus, 

tub: 1, labrum: a rinsing t., 
1. eluacrum, Cato R. R. 10: ¢.s for hold- 
ing water, |. aquaria, ib.: used in baths, 
Cic. Fam. 14, 20. Q. lacus, tis (esp. 
a wine-vat): Cato R. R. 25: Col. (AI- 
veus, rather a trough: q. v.) 

tube: tibtilus (dimin. of titbus, a 
pipe for water, etc.): Col.: Vitr. Or 
perh. fistiila: v. PIPE. 

tuber: tuber, Gris, n.: round t.s, 
t. rotunda, Plin. 25, 8, 54. 

tubercle; tiiberciilum (small swell- 
ing, pimple) : Cels. 

tuberous: tiibérosus (having lumps 
or protuberances): Varr.: Petr. Phr.: 
a plant with t. root, herba tuberibus 
radicis rotundis, Plin. 25, 8, 54 (also, 
radice tuberosa). 

tubular: tibilatus: Plin. 

tuck (v.): esp. to t. up, succingo, 
nxi, nectum, 3: with the dress t.’d up 
like Diana, vestem ritu Dianae succincta, 
Ov. M. to, 536. 

tuck (subs.): in a dress, perh. plica, 
ruga: Vv. FOLD. 

Tuesday; *dies Martis: M. L. 

tuff: a icind of sandstone: tofus or 
tophus: Virg.: Plin. Of the nature of 
t. stone, tofaceus (-ius), Plin.: made of t., 
tofinus: Suet. Cl. 21. 

tuft (subs.): |, A lock of wool, ete. : 
floccus, crinis: v. LocK (III.). ll. 4 
Icind of crest: crista: V. CREs>T. 

tufted: cristatus: v. CRESTED. 

tuft-hunter: *qui familiaritates 
nobilium (adolescentium) sectatur. 

tug (v.): TO PULL. 

tug (subs.): a kind of vessel : *navis 
tractoria. 

tuition: V. INSTRUCTION, EDUCATION. 

tumble (v.): ciido, concido ; collabor, 
corruo (to fall in ruins): V. TO FALL, 
See also rurn (I., throughout). 

tumble (subs.): casus, ruina: v. FALL. 

tumbler: |. Acrobat: pétau- 
rista, ae, m.: Fest. s. v. [p. 183, P.]: 
Varr. in Non. Also, pétauristarius : 
Petr. 53. ||. Akind of pigeon: variety 
of Columba Livia (we may perh. say, 
Columba petaurista). I]. A kind of 
vessel : *poculum vitreum. 

tumbrel: v. WAGON. 

tumid: inflatus, tiimidus, ete.: v. 
INFLATED. 7. language, ampullue: Hor. 
A. P. 97: to use t. language, ampullari, 
id. Ep. 1, 3, 14. 

tumour: timor, tiiber: v.SWELLING. 

tumult: 1, timultus, us 
(Roman ¢.¢. for an irruption of bar- 
barians, or sudden outbreak amongst 
subjects or slaves: cf. Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 2: 
also gen.): issuing from the camp with 
much noise and t., magno cum strepitu 
ac t. castris egressi, Caes. B. G. 2, 11 
Liv.: Cic.: Hor.: Ov. Join: an 
exciter of t., turbae ac t. concitator, 
Liv. 25, 4, fin.: the horses causing a t., 
equis t. edentibus, id. 36, 19: to arouse 
a t., t. facere, Liv. 9, 43: for the sake of 
making a t., tumultuandi causa, id. 34, 
61: they kept allaying t.s, sometimes 
exciting fresh ones in the effort, seda- 
bant t., sedando interdum movebant, id. 
3,15: that caused & €, and rout, ea res t. 
et fugam praebuit, id. 26, 10: to cause 
t. in the state, t. injicere civitati, Cic. 
Cat. 3, 3, 7: to quell a ¢., t. comprimere, 
Tac. Hist. 4, 16: a t. in sea and sky, 








TUNIC 





pelagi coelique t., Luc. 5, 592: a ¢. tm 
the mind, mentis t, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 10, 

2. motus, tis: to stir a t. im the 
commonu ealth, m. aflerre reipublicae, 
Cic. Cat. 2, 2. 8. turba: ¢. and dis- 
order, t. et confusio rerum, Cic. Fam. 6, 
6. to stir upa violent t. in the camp, 
maximas in castris turbas efficere, id 


Rosc. Am. 32, gi: Caes.: Plaut.: to 
make a ¢., turbam facere, Ter. Eun. 4, 
I, 2; turbas dare, ib. 4, 3, 11: turbas 
concire, id. Heaut. §,2,17- 4, s@ditio, 


(mutiny, insurrection): t.s of the citi- 
zens, 8. domesticae, id. Rull. 2, 33, go 
a t. arose, 8. orta, Liv. 2, 163 8. coorta 
est, Virg. Aen. 1, 149: to excile a t,, 8. 
concitare, Cic. Mur. 39, 83; & commo- 
vere, id. Att. 2,13; 8. concire, Tac. Ann. 
14, 173 8. miscere, id Hist. 4, 68: to 
quell a t., 8. comprimere, Liv. 2, 23; 8. 
coercere, Tac. Hist. 3, 60. 5, vis ré- 
pentina, Cic. Sest. 67, 149: V. RIOT, UP- 
ROAR, DISORDER. 6, timultuatio 
(rare): Liv. 38, 2. 7. coneititio: a 
popular t., c. popularis, Cic. Sest. 34, 73. 
8, perturbatio: Vv, DISTURBANCE, 
9, permdtio (of the mind). 10. 
fluctis, uum, pl. (lit. waves): t. of 
assemblies, f. contionum, Cie. Mil. 2, §: 
Hor.: Lucr.; Vv. EXCITEMENT, EMOTION, 
AGITATION. 
tumultuous: 1, timultudsus: 
t. assemblies, t. contiones, Cic. Fam. 2, 
12: at. crowd, t. turba, Liv. 6, 13. 9 
concitatus: a t, meeting, c. contio, Cic. 
Flace. 9, 17. 8. turbidus: v. pis 
ORDERED. Join: t. et concitatus, Cic, 
Tusc. 4, 15, 34. 4, turbilentus: v. 
DISTURBED, FACTIOUS, 


tumultuously : 1, turbilenté : 


Cie. 9, timultudsé: Liv.: comp. 
Caes.: Liv. sup.: Cic.; Suet. 
tun (subs.): |. A large cask: 


1, ddlium (@ very large jar): to 
draw wine from the t., de dolio haurire, 
Cic. Brut. 83, 288. Q. séria (a cylin- 
drical earthen vessel): Liv.: Ter. Il. 
The largest English wine-measure, equi- 
valent to about 374+ congii, or rather 
less than 23 ciilei, the largest Roman 
liquid measure, which contained 20 
amphorae: * quadraginta quinque am- 
phorae; or, more roughly, * centum 
urnae. 7.-bellied: ventriésus, Plaut. 

tun (v.): rare: *in dolium infundere, 
ingerere. 

tune (subs.): |. Harmony (only 
used in phr., in ¢., out of t.): int, con- 
sonus (rare): Ov.: to /eep in t., concen- 
tum servare, Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 15: the song 
is in t. with the accompaniment, concor- 
dant carmina nervis, Ov. Met. 1, 518 
pipes in good tune, modulate canentes 
tibiae, Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22: V. HARMONY: 
out of t., t.less, absénus, Cic. de Or. 1, 
25, 115; incontentus: lyres out of t., 
fides incontentae, id. Fin. 4, 27, 75: dis- 
sdnus, Col. 12, 2, 4: Liv.: to be out of t., 
discrépare, Cic. Off. 1, 40, fin. (v. DIS- 
CORDANT. INHARMONIOUS). Il. An 
air, melody: cantus, carmen, modi, mo- 
dali: v. AIR, MELODY, STRAIN, MEASURE. 
(N.B.—Médilamen is not class., but is 
frequently used by modern scholars.) 
Phr.: I remember the t. if I could but 
think of the words, numeros memini si 
verba tenerem, Virg. Ecl. 9, 45- 

tune (v.): of stringed instruments: 
fides ita contendere numeris (or nervis) 
ut concentum servare possint, ef. Cic. 
Fin. 4, 27, 75: to t. a lute, tendere bar- 
biton, Hor. Od. 1, 1, 34: to t. ome 
instrument by another, * instrumen- 
tum musicum ad aliud accommodare, 
Georg., or expr. by circumL: Vv, TUNE 
(subs.), HARMONY: @ t.ing-fork, * fur- 
cula musica. 

tuneful: ], c&nodrus: ¢. verses, 
c. versus, Hor. Ep. 2. 2, 76: the t. bird, 
c. ales, id. Od. 2, 20, 15. 2. moidila- 
tus: v. MELODIOUS. 3. miisicus: v. 
MUSICAL. 

tuner: *mddiilator. 

tunic: tinica: Cic.: Plaut.: Hor.: 
a t. with long sleeves, t. manicata, Cic 
Cat. 2, 10, 22: @ t. reaching down to the 
ankles, t. talaris, ib. Clothed in a t., 
tiinicatus: Cic. A little ¢., tiiniciila: 

879 


TUNICLE 


Plant. Rud. 2, 6, 65: Warr. An under! was the guinca-fowl : tarkeys were only | cibus factis, 
known to Europeans after the discovery vices, Ov. Fast. 4, 483. 


t., sibiciila: Vv. SHIET. 

tunicle (a natural covering or mem- 
brane) - 1. tunica: the t. of the eyes, 
oculorum t. Cels. 7, 7, 14: Plin. 2. 
tinicila: the t. of the eyez, oculorum t., 
Plin. 26, 12, 96: V. COVERING, INTEGU- 


MENT. ‘ 

tunnel: 1. canalis (a channel in 
@ miné): Plin. 33, 4, 21- 2. spécus, 
iis, m., and t.m.: V. SUBTERRANEAN, 


§, cinicilus: Cic.: Plin. 

tunny: 1, thunnus or thynnus: 
Piin.: Linn 2, scomber, bri, m.: 
*s. thynnus, Linn. 

turban: 1. mitra: Auct, Har. 
Resp. 21: Virg. Aen. g, 616. 2. 
tiara: Sen. and poet. Td throngs, 
mitrati chori, Prop. 4, 7, 42: Plin. 

turbid: L turbidus: ¢ water, t. 
aqua, Cie. Tusc. 5, 34, 97- 2, coens- 
sus: v. MUDDY. 3, aestudsus: ¢. shal- 
lows, ae. freta, Hor. Od. 2, 7, 15. 4. 


turbiilentus: ¢. water, t. aqua, Phaedr, 
5-4, 5. 
ee 1. rhombus: Plin. 
Hor.: Juv. 2, *pleurénestes maxi- 
ee ee 
tur ence: is : ti- 
multus, turbae, fluctiis (pl): ¥. TUMULT. 
Il. Of disposition: expr. by adj., 
turbilentus, turbidus, séditidsus, in- 


quiétus; ¢. g. turbidum ingenium, cf. 
Tac. Ann. 14, 59: there is a zort of t.in 
all individuals, est quiddam turbulent- 
um in singulis hominibus, Cic. Rep. 3, 
36: v. RESTLESSNESS, UNEULINESS. 
turbulent: 1. turbiilentus: as 
t.in speech as in life, ut vita sic oratione 
etiam t. Cic. Brut.28,102. Join: sedi- 
tiosus et t, id. de Or. 2, 11, 42. = 
s@ditiOsus: all the most t., seditiosissimus 
quisque, Tac. Ann 1,44. Join: at. 
life, s. et tumultuosa vita, Cic. Inv. 1, 
3, 4: V. FACTIOUS. 3. turbidus: a tf. 
slate, t. civitas, Tac. Hist. 4, 11: all the 
most t., tarbidissimus quisque, ib. 3, 49. 
4, inquiétus: v. RESTLESS. 5 
rerum movarum cupidus: to be ¢., novis 
rebus studere, novas res quaerere: v. 


REVOLUTIONARY. 6. ferox: v. 
SPIRITED. 
turbulently: turbiilenté, turbi- 


lenter: Cic.: turbidé: Cic.: Tac.: sedi- 
tidsé - Cic.: Liv.: Tac. 
turf (sube.): 1. caespes, itis, m. 
(both a sod and green sward): tents 
spread with fresh t., recentibus c. taber- 
nacula constrata, Caes. B. C. 3, 96: let 
there be made an altar green with t., 
ara gramineo viridis de caespite fiat, Ov. 
Trist. 5, 5,9: he plucks his spear from 
the t., hastam de caespite vellit, Virg. 
Aen. 11, 565: Plin.: to cut 4, caespitem 
circumcidere, Caes. B. G. 5, 42: fresh t., 
c. vivus, Ov. Met. 4 300. . herba 
(tender grass): to lie on the t., se abji- 
cere in h., Cie. de Or. 1, 7, 28. 3. 
gramen, inis, n.: flowery ¢.. floreum g., 
: ¥. GRASS. Covered with 
t., caesposus: Col 10, 130: gramineus: 
Virg. 8,176: v. Grassy. Phr.: the t. 
(colloq. for img), perb. curri- 
ciilum. cf. Hor. Od. 1, 1, 3: V. RACE. 
turf (v.): consternere caespitibus, cf. 
Caes. B.C. 3, 96: * caespite tegere, ves- 
tire, aliquid (Kr.). 
turgid: 1. tiimidus: what is 
sublime in one place is t. in another, 
quod alibi magnificum, t. alibi, Quint. 
8, 3, 18: Plin. 2. turgidus: Hor. 
Sat. 1, 10, 36: a #. style, t. oratio, Petr. 
2. 93. inflatus: v. m~rLarep. Join: 
i. et tumidus, Tac. Or. 18. To be t. (of 
style), turgeo, Auct. Her. 4,10, 45: Hor. 
An excessirely t. style, genus dicendi 
quod immodico tumore turgescit, Quint. 
12, 10, 73- To employ a t. style, am- 
pullor, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 14: V. BOMBASTIC. 
idity : 1, timor: Quint: 
Sen. 2, ampullae, Hor. A. P. 97. 
3. turgor: Mart. Cap. Or expr. 
by adj.: v. TURGID [STYLE] To diz- 
play t, adhibere in dicendo quandam 
speciem atque pompam, Cic. de Or. 2, 
"2, 294: V. INFLATION. 
turkey: *meleagris Gallopavo: Linn.: 
{N.B.—The meleagris of the ancients 
880 


TURNING 


of America.} 


Verr. 4. 65, 149: Plaut. 


t. atque rixa, vic. 
2. turbatio re- 


Ter.: in pl. Plant, 
rum, Liv. 24, 22 
¥. DISTURBANCE. 


commotio, Cic. Tuse. 3, 4, 8; vehe- 
mentior concitatio animi, id. Q. Fr. 1, 
I, fin.: turbidi concitatiqne motus ani- 


aang L Circular mo- 


4. 


furrow, Col 2, 2, 28: in archit. of a | Fin. 5, 4, 11. 


wall, Vitr. 


1. turba: t. acd broil, | goes the round of all in t., 


| 


3. versatio: ¢. of | Inclination of the scale: Fig.: 
the eye, vy. oculi, Plin. 8, 33, 51: Vitr. inclinatio: ts of affairs and 
vetsira: ¢. at the end of a | rerum i. et momenta 


et a” 


TURN 


Ov. Fast. 4, 353: per 
dr. t., invi- 
tc 
Tegium in orbem suam cujusque vicem 
it, Liv. 3, 36: he gave his vote in t., sen- 


cem: Liv. 1, 40: 


3._perturbatio: | tentiam dixit ex ordine, Cic. Verr. 4, 
4, timultus, is: 64, 143: if he speaks let me speak 
Vv. TUMULT. T. of the mend: animi | in my t., Si iste loquitur sine 


me pro 
mea re loqui, Plant. Rud. 4, 4, 81: 
illi inter sese brachia tollunt in nu- 


Vv. HUET, INJURY. 
periods, 
temporum, Cic. 
2, discrimen, inis, n. 


5. vertigo, ginis, f.: one |v. ceiticaL [IIL 3) cess. Phr.: 


t. makes a citizen, una v. Quiritem | to give a t. of the scale, momentum ha- 


facit, Pers. 5, 76. 
ROTATION. 
winding : 


the sun at midwinter, solis brumales 
flexus, Lucr. 5, 615: 


6. fiexio. Fig. | bere, Caes. B. C. 3, 703 rem inclinare, 
(rare): Cic. Pis. 22, 53: V. REVOLUTION, | Liv. 3, 61; rem 
Il. 4n alteration of direc-| 20 important a t. of affairs, tantns 
tion in shape or course, a bend or | cardo rerum, Virg. Aen. 1, 
1, flexus, ts: the ts of | A short walk up and down: 


Liv. 5, 55: 


on pee 
om 


balatio: v. waLz (subs.). = Q. spati 


tm some t. of the | (the distance traversed): after two or 


road, in aliquo fiexu viae, Liv. 22, 12: | three ts, duobus s. tribusve factis, Cic. 
artful ts, (in Rhet.), £, Quint. 5, 13, 2. | de Or. 1, 7,28. A little t., ambalatiun- 


2, flextira: virtue is straightfor- 
ward, she admits no t., virtus recta est, 
f. non recipit, Sen. Ep. 71, med. 3. 
anfractus: Vv. CURVE, WINDING. 4. 
ambages, gum, f.: Vv. WINDING, ROUND- 
AbouT. §, commiitatio: t. of the tide, 
c. aestiis, cf. Caes. B. G. 5,1. Full of 
tz: flexuésus: a way..., fi. iter, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 57, 144; sinuosus flexibus 
(Maeander), Plin. 5, 29, 31. Repeated 
és, occursus et recursus (of the Laby- 
rinth), Plin. 36,13, 19. J. An altera- 
tion of the course of events, a change, 
vicissitude: 1, vicissitido, inis, 7.: 
ts of fortune, fortunae v., Cic. Fam. 5, 
12. 2, commitatio: an important 
t. of affairs, magna rerum commutatio, 
Caes. B.C. 1, 52: v. CHANGE. 3. con- 
versio: t. of affairs, c. rerum, Cic. Flacc. 
37,94 4, exitus, éventus (decisive or 
Jinal t.): v. IssUe, RESULT. Phr-.: 
JSortune takes a sudden t., celeriter for- 
tuna mutatur, Caes. B. C. 1, 59: fortuna 
subito convertitur, Nep. Att. 10, 2: all 
things take an unfavourable t., omnia 
in pejorem partem vertuntur ac mutan- 
tur, Cic. Rose. Am. 36, 103: affairs in 
Apulia having taken a t. (for the better), 
inclinatis in Apulia rebus, Liv. 9, 20: 
things seem to have taken a t. most 
Javourable to uz, most disastrous to 
them, ommia secundissima nobis, adver- 
sissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. in 
Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.: to take a different t., 
aliter cadere, Cic. Fam. 5, 19: tt is easy 
Jor good things to take a t. for the worse, 
bona facile mutantur in pejus, Quint. 1, 
1,5: all things have taken a different t., 
omnia versa sunt, Cic. Rose. Am. 22, 
61: all things had taken a more farour- 
able t., omnia erant facta laetiora, id. 
Att. 7, 26: the matter is taking a t. for 
the better, incipit res melius ire, ib. 14, 
16 [¥. IMPROVE]: to give a t. to any- 
thing: V. TO TURN, CHANGE, ALTER, 
DIRECTION: or with an adj., expr. by 
facere, reddere, with acomp.adj. VY. 
Inclination of mind: expr. by adj. in- 
clinatus, pronus, déditus, etc, e.g the 
general himself was of a more peaceable 
t. of mind, ipsius imperatoris animus ad 
pacem inclinatior erat, Liv. 34, 33: v. 
INCLINATION, DISPOSITION. Y. Form 
of expression: ts of expression, con- 
formationes verborum, Cie. de Or. 3, 54, 
208: to give a good ¢. to a speech, ora- 
tionem constructione verborum confor- 
mnare, ib. 1, 5, 17: @ t. of ion, 
orationis figura, ib. 3, 55, 212. Vi. 
Of succession by ts: alternis: by ask- 
tng and persuading by t.s, rogando al- 
ternis suadendoque, Liv. 2, 2, ad fin.: by 
t.s, alterné, Plin.: Sen.: miituo: Suet. : 
invicem: Caes,: Cic.: Liv.: Poet.: yvi- 


caila: Cic. Phr.: 


3, 4: to trust all to the t. of the die, dare 
summam rerum in aleam, Liv. 42, 59. 
l. To 


t. ome’s back, terga v., id. 1, 27: to t. 


worship, 
animos imperitorum ad deorum cultum, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 


sign, f. aliquem a proposito, Liv. 28, 22: 
to t. one’s course to, f. iter ad, Liv. 8, 19: 
V. BEND, DIRECT. 5, verso,1: tot, the 
mind to all kinds of vice and dishonesty, 
ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare 
mentem suam, Cic. Cluent. 26, Jo: v. 
also TUEN ABOUT, TUBN BOUND. 6G, 
torqueo, si, tum, 2: to 
oculos t. ad, Virg. Aen. 
TWIST, WREST. |]. Zo apply, 
priate: Phr.: to t. to one’s 

to t. to account: uti[v. To Use) to 
nothing to his own advantage, nibil 
utilitatem snam referre, Cic. de Or. 
51, 207: they t. the disadvantage 
other to their oon advantage, ex incom- 
modis alterius sua comparant commoda, 
Ter. Andr. 4, 1,4: to t. to his own use, 
in rem suam convertere, Cic. Rose. 
Am. 39, 114: V. APPROPRIATE. iW. 
To move round: circumago, é: 

actum, 3: to t. a mill, c. molas trusatiles, 
Cat. BR. B. 10, 4. 2. volvo, vi, véla- 
tum, 3: to t. a wheel, rotam v., Virg. 
Aen. 6, 748. 3. verso, 1: after t.ing 
the hinge, versato cardine, Ov. Met. 4 
93: to t. the zpindle, v. fusum, ib. 221: 
wheels which water t.s, rotae quas aqua 
versat, Plin. 18, 10, 23: to t. a mill, 
v. molam, Juv. 8, 67. 4. torques, 2: 
to t. the spindle, t. fusum, Plin. 28, 2, 5: 
to t. the magic wheel, t. rhombum, Ov. 
Am. f, 8, 7. IV. To change: verto, 
converto, miito: Vv. TO CHANGE, TRANS 


the 
220: 


#3 
#85 


é 
4 


: 


perk 


g 





TURN OUT 





or ab): to t. against any one, ab aliquo 
d., Cic. Phil. 11. 9, 21. 

i A. Trans: _ 
défiecto, 3 to t. aside weapons, d tela, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 331. Join: t& t. aside 
rivers into another cours, in alium cur- 
sum amnes contorqueo et d., Cic. Div. 1, 
19, fin. 2, détorqueo, 2: to t. aside 


SELL. £ 
verto: V. TRANSLATE. YJ, To fasiim,| turn aside: 


Sorm: rm ): Cie. de 
Or. 1, 5, 17: v. VILL Torn (subs.) V. 
Well-t.’d: rdtundus (of phrases, etc.) : 
téres, expressus (gen.): Cic.: Vv. NEAT. 
To t. verses, fingere versus, Hor. A. P. 


382: V. COMPOSE. VII. To make (a | has eye from her, lumen d. ab illa, Ov. 
scale) incline 1. inclino, 1: v. TORN | Met. 6, 515. Fig.: pleasures t, aside 
(subs.) VILL 2, deprimo, 3- v. WEIGH | the mind Srom virtuz, voluptates animos 


Fig: t#|a virtute d, Cic. Off. 2, 10, 37. 5 
déverto, 3: to t. aside his comradizs by 
his advice, suo comites d. hortatu, 
Lucan 6, 317. 4. déclino, 1: to ¢. 
aside the line, agmen d, Liv. 1, 28: 
Cat. B. Intrans: 1, défiecto, 
3: Tac.: Plin. Fig.: tot aside from 

a veritate d., Cic. Rose. Com. 16, 
46. 9, déclino, 1 (with refl. prom.): 
I td aside a little from the way, ego d. 
paulum me extra viam, Plaut. Aul. 
4 8 11: Ge: Liv. 3. déverto, 3: 
he ts aside from the road, via 4, Liv. 
44 43- 4, flecto, 3: I beg you Wt. 
aside from it, ut eam (viam) flectas te 
rogo, Cic. Att. 11, 18: ¥. AVOID, TUEN 


AWAY. 

away: A.Trans: 1 
averto, 3: to t. any one away from 
error, aliquem ab errore a.. Cic. Off. 3, 21, 
83: tot. one’s prayers from men to the 
gods, ab hominibns ad deos preces a. 
Liv. 6, 20. 
MOVE, AVERT. Tot. away, of servants, 
ete.: v. Dismiss. B, Intrans.: 


I: 


Quint 7, 2,39 Vill. 72 form on 
lathe: 1, torno, 1: Cic: Plin. 
Fig.: badly td verses, male tornati 

Hor. A. P. 441. 9, détorno, 1 
(to t. completely): Vlin. Fig.: tota 
sentence, d. sententiam, Gell g, 8, ad 
fin. Or expr. by subs. tornus: ¢. g. fa- 
cere turno, Plip.- perficere in torneo, 
Vitr.: *ad tornum fabricare, Georg. 
Phr.: tot. the nauseam facere, 





' 


2. amdveo,2: V. TO RE- | 
| turn over: 


TURN OWN 





Plaut. Aul. 


iy i 4. extriido, si, 
sum, 3: V. THEUST our. Join: e et 
ejicio, Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 234. 5. ex- 
turbo, 1 (with violence). to t. out of 
doors, foras e., Plaut. Trin. 4, 3,77: Cie: 
Vv. DEIVE OUT, EXPEL. Phr. to t. out 
of office, »otestate privo, Suet. Cars. 79. 
B. [ntranse: |. To have an is- 
sue, end, result &vénio, cado, accldo, con- 
tingo, exiium babeo- v. HAPPEN, FALL 
out. Phr.; tot. out well, prospere, feli- 
citer, evenio, bene ced.., prospere pro- 
cedo: v.sUccRED. The business is t.-ing 
out better than I expected, incipit res 
melius ire quam putaram, Cic, Att. 14, 
15. Tot. out badly, male cedo, Hor. Sat 
2,1, 31: what he does 12 out badly, male 
res vortunt quas agit, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 
5: it t.’d out as I wished, ita cadebat 
ut vellem, Cic. Att. 3, 9: everything ts 
out according to my wishes, omula ex 
sententia succedunt, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 9: 
I feared how it would t. out, verebar 
quorsum id casurum esset, Cic. Att 3, 
24: that the advice appeared at first 
view letter than it would t. out upon 
experienc’, consilium specie primé me- 
lius fuisse quam uso appariturum, Liv, 
4 &. ||. To prove to be, become: 
évado, si, sum, to t. out orators, oratores 
e., Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 126. To cause to t. 
oul: verto, 3: may the gols cause bo t. 
out well what you are doing, di vortant 
bene quid agas, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 121. 
|, To upset: Everto, 
iL. 


perverto: V. OVEETUEN, UPSET. 


Liv.1,7. 3. verto (with refl. pron.): | averto, neutr.: Virg.: 2. To move about: 1, volvo, pervolvo, 
Cic. 4, intendo, di, tum, and sum, 3: | aversor, 1: Cic. Ciu. 63, 177. 3, dé- | voliito: v. To ROLL. 2. verso, 1: to 
Cic.: Ter.: intendo iter: Liv. 5, | flecto: v. TURN ASIDE. t. over eggs, v. ava, Ov. Met. 8, S68. 
flector (reflect.): Plin.: flecto (neutr.):| ——back: A. Trans.: 1, re-| Ill. Fig.: volvo, viliitoe, verso: v 
Liv.: Tac.: Virg. Fig: to t. to pru- | flecto, 3: to t. back the eves, oculos ¥., CONSIDER, REFLECT UPON. IV. Of » 
dence and wisdom, ad providentiam | Ov. Met. 7, 341. 2, rétorqueo, 2: book: Ww t. over pages: 1, Evolvo 

ii flectere, Tac. Ann. 13, 3: | récurvo, I: Vv. BEND BACK. B. In- | libram: v. To Reap. 2. pervolita 
¥.BEXD. 6, torqueor: Plin.: v. Bexp.|trans.: converto (with refl. pron.). | 1: p. libros, Cic. Att. §, 12 3. verso 


7. inclino, 1 (with refi. prom.: fig. 
meton. from seales): fortune t+, for- 
tuma se i, Caes B.C. 1, 32. Pbhr.: 
whither shall I t.? (Le. betake myself 
for gl safety), quo me vertam? | 
Ter. 4, 1, 1; quo intendam? id. 
Andr. 2, 2,6: he had t. 
verteret, non habebat, Cic. 


Caes. B. C. 1, 46: converto vias, Virg. 


vertor (v. RETUEN). A ting back: 
I, 
- retrorsus: Ov.: Plin. 

— down: inverto,3: the hand td 
daen, inversa manus, Plin. 12, 25, 54 

—jn: A.Trans: | plic, 
I: ¥. TO FOLD. 9. inflecto, 3: v. TO 
CURVE. -B. Intraus: 1 in- 
:| Hector: Vv. BEND Dy. 2. dévertor, 
. | déverto (of travellers, to t. out of the 
road): ¥. LODGING. 

—jinto: Phr: her blood tz into 
sap, sanguis it in succos, Ov. Met. 110, 
493: ¥. TO CONVERT, TEANSFOEM, BE- 
COME. 

— off: A. Trans: |. Of 
servants, trespassers, cic: V. DIE- 
CHARGE, DISMISS, SEND OFF, DEIVE OFF. 

Il. 70 give a different direction to: 

L. averto, 3: we t. off rivers, nos 
fiumina a, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, fin. 2. 
dérivo, 1: tot. off water from the river, 
de fluvio aquam @, Plant. Truc 2, 7, 12: 
to t. of a river, fiumen d, Hirt B.G. 
or trade): v. TO Become. Phr.- 


king's evidency, indicium profiteri, Sall | svmething dle, alio responsionem suam 
Jug.35; i. offerre, Tac. Ann. 11,35. Abs. | da, Cic. Verr. 1, 53,139. 3. dédic, 


of fruit, leaves. cic, to xi, ctum, 3 ( draw from a place  an- 
Varior, 1: grapes t, uva v., other, or to draw dawn): to t. off water 
12, 1: Wario (with refi. pron.): grapes t, | into the fields, rivos a, Virg Georg. 1, 
uva se v. Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 129: fila-|269. |. To &. water off (stop its 
vesoo, 3 (of leaves): Plin. 16, 6, 7. | flow), rivos clandere, Virg Ecl 3,111. 
Phr.: to t. colour (7. ¢. blush or grow B. Intrans: 1 défiecto, 3 


if 

ts off to the L-ft, inde silva se f. sinis- 
trorsum, Caes. B. G. 6, 25. 

A. Trans: 1 
3:0 t. out of te 
e., Plant. Asin. 1, 3,9: Wt. 
, aedibus foras ¢., ib. 1, 2, 1: 
wnate, e senata ¢, Cic. 


putrescs, 3: ¥. TO DECAT. Ss. 
mitor, 1 (of wine): Hor. Sat. 2, 2, 54. 
7d, rancidiilus, Juv. 
turn about: A, Trans: verso,1 
(to t. sometimes f6 one ride, sometimes 
to the other): to t. abut thrusha 
on the fire, turdos in igne v.. Hor. Sat. 
5.72 B. intrans: vert, 3, with 
prom., cf. Caes. B.C. 3, 51, or neutr., 
Liv. 38, 26. . 


UA: Trane: 
2. aliéno, 1 (of 


51. 9, miveo, mivi, motum, 2: 
tany one out of the wnat, aliquem 
Cic. Cluent. 43, 122: be td 

—— against: ows of an estate, ex agro moveri, id. Fam. 
obverto: Plant.- Ov. 13,5- 3. extgo, égi, actum, 3- mt 
persons): v.ALieNaTe. JB, Intrana- of the house, aliquem domo ¢., 
descisco, ivi or ii, tam, 3 (with prep. a | Liv. 39,11: t t. out g 


2,40. Fig: he t’d off his answer to | 


1: t. over Greck models by night, exem- 


Aen. 5, 5823 verto iter retro, Liv. 22, 3; | plaria Graeca nocturna v. manu, Hor 
pedem reflecto, Cat. 64, 112; gressum | A. P.269 Phr.: wt. overa new leas, 
reflecto, Sen. Thyest. 428; reverto, re- | ad bonam frugem se recipere, Cic. Coel. 


12, 28. VY. To make over to another : 


1 


in a circle, or b 


réversio: Cic. 7’d back: retréversus, | transféro: v. PASS ON, TEANSFER. 


— round: A.Trans: 
verso, I (to move round 
move about): v. TUES (A, IIL), Toes 
ABOUT. . Circumagu, gi, actum, 3 
(tot. through an angle or in a circle): to 
t. round a horse with reins, c. equum 
| frenis, Liv. 1,14, fin.: v. ToKN (A. ILL.) 
| Fig: he t’d round to his ride almost 
all the world, universum prope buman- 
um genus c. in s¢, Plin. 26,3,7. Join 
lc. et Becto, Suet. Cees. 70. 3. con- 
verto,3: v. Tues (A111). 4 intor- 
} ques, torsi, tortum, 2: to t. round the 
eyez, i. oculos, Virg. Georg. 4, 451 5. 

contorques, 2: & t. round a globe, « 
| globum, Cic. N. D.1, 10,24. 3B, In- 
| trans: converto (with refl. prom.), ver- 
50 (with refi. pron.), verser, circum&gor, 
circamverwr (of things): v. Tvew (B., 
)1L), kevotve. A ting round: circum- 
| actus: Plin.: Sen 
| —— towards: obverto, 3: Plin. 
v. TcEN. Td towards: L versus 
| (with prep. in or ad): Sell: Liv.: Cic. 
i 2. obversus: t. t. his mother, o. ad 
matrem, Tac. Ann. 4, $4: Ov.: ‘0 ¢. the 
tows towards the Open sa, 6. Protas pe- 
lago, Virg. Aen. 6, 3: Plaut.: Ov. 
up: A. Trans: |. To 
: Teflecto, rétorques, récurvo: v. 
TUES BACK, BEXD. |l. 70 move over : 
1. inverto, 3: ozem & up te 
soil, solum i. tanri, Virg Georg 1, 64 
9, verso, 1: to t. up clols with 
hoes, v. gicbas ligunibus, Hor. Od. 3,6, 
39: ¥. Hok Phr.: & ¢ up the none 
(snerr), nares corrugare, Quint. 11, 3, Bo: 
paribus uti, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 45: ¥. SOSR. 
T’d up, répandus, Cic. N. D. 1, 29, fn. ; 
résimus, Ov. Met. 14, 9§: 
B. Intrans L 
¥. TUKN OUT. 








has t.’d up, illud quod cecidit fete, Ter. 

Ad. 4 7, 22: excido: the dog throw ts 

up, canis ¢., Sen. Ap. Col. 10. 

— upon: / |. Lit: . by 

— on: —— a am 
1 


TURN UPSIDE DOWN 


TWICE 





ple verb: v. TuRN,B. |], Fig.: vertor, 3 
dep. : the case t.s on a point of law, causa 
v. in jure, Cic. Brut. 39, 145. Phr.: he 
t’d upon him (@ pursuer) with fury, in 
eum magno impetu rediit, Liv. 1, 25, 
med.: to t. one’s back upon prayers, 
aversor preces, Liv. 3, 12. 

turn upsidedown: 14, subverto, 
3: V.UFrSET. Q, inverto, 3: ships’ hulls 
td upside down, alvei navium inversi, 
Sall. Jug. 18. Phr.: they t. everything 
upside down, quod sursum est deorsum 
faciunt, Petr. 65, fin.: mare caelo con- 
fundunt, Juv. 6, 283: omnia infima sum- 
mis paria faciunt, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 19: 
ima summis mutant, Hor. Od. 1, 34, 12: 
V. TOPSY-TUBVY. 

turncoat: *qui inconstantiae notam 
habet, cf. Plin. 11, §2, 114; *homo levis- 
simus modo harum modo illarum par- 
tium. Zo be a t., expr. by descisco, 
transeo: v. Go [OVER]. 

turner; tornator: Firm.: or expr. 


by verb: v. TurN (A., VIIL). A t.’s 
wheel, lathe: tornus: Plin.: Virg. 
turnery: tornatira: Vulg.: or 


expr. by verb. 
turning: Vv. TURN (swbs.). 
-point: 1, flexus, is, m.: 
t. of life, aetatis fi, Cic. de Or. 1, 1,1. 
9. cardo, inis, m.: ¢. of affairs, c. 
rerum, Virg. Aen. I, 672. 
turnip: 1, rapum (rarely rapa, 
ae): Plin.: Varr.: * brassica rapa: Linn. 
9. rapina: Cat.: Col. 3, napus 
(a kind of t., a. navew): Plin.: Col. 
A little t., rapiilum, Hor. Sat. 2, 2, 43. 
A t.-bed, napina, Col. 11, 2, 71. Pertain- 
tng to t.s, t.-, rapicius, Cat. R. R. 35, 2. 
turnkey ; janitor carceris, Cic. Verr. 
5,45, 118: Vv. WARDER, 
—-pike: *répagiila, 6bices, 
road: via: Vv. HIGH-KOAD. 
-Spit: * qui veru torquet, ver- 
sat: *machina veru versando (Kr.), At. 
dog, *canis culinarius. 
—— -gtile: * obex versatilis. 
turpentine: térébinthina résina, 
Cels. 5,6. The t.tree, térébinthus, i., f, 
Plin. 13, 6, 12° *vpistacia terebinthus, 
Linn. 
turpitude: 1. turpitiido, inis, f: 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 9. dedécus, dris, 
m.: id. Leg. 1, 21, 55: or expr. by cir- 
cuml. with turpis, infamis, indécorus: 
V. BASENESS, 
turret; turricila: Vitr. 7d, t.- 
bearing : 1, turriger: ¢. cities, t. 
urbes, Virg. Aen. 10, 253: the t.-bearing 
goddess ( Cybele), t. dea, Ov. Fast, 4, 224. 
9. turritus: Ov.: Virg.: Prop. 
turtle: *testido mydas: Linn. ; 
*chelonia mydas: Vv. TORTOISE. 


T.- 





—— -dove: 1, turtur, tris, m.: 
Plin.: Virg. 9, *codlumba turtur: 
Linn. 


tush: phui! Plaut.: apage, Plaut. 

tusk: dens, ntis, m.: boars have 
curved t.s an ell long, dentium fexus 
cubitales apris, Plin. 8, 52, 78: boars 
whet the points of their t.s on trees and 
stones, arbore et saxo exacuunt apri 
dentium sicas, id. 18, 1,1: elephant’s t.s, 
d. elephantorum, id. 8, 3, 4. 

tutelage: |. Jlinority, wardship: 
pupillaris aetas: Suet. Aug. 66, jin. 


Il. Guardianship: tutéla- v 
GUARDIANSHIP. 

at 1, praeses, idis: ¢. 

tutelar: § deities of the empire, p. 


imperii di, Tac. Hist. 4, 53- Q. in- 
diges, étis: ¢. deitivs, uei i, Liv. 8, 9. 
The t. deity of a person or place, genius : 
v. Smith’s Biog. and Mythol. II. 241. 
Or expr. by circuml. with tutela: e. g., 
Apollo the t. deity of Athens, Apollo 
cujus in tutcla Athenae sunt, Cic. N. D. 
3, 22, 55: all yet. deities of the countr», 
dique deaeque omnes quibus est tutela 
per agros, l’rop. 3, 13, 41. 

tutor (subs.): 1. édiicator (one 
who vears: originally used of parents or 
foster-fathers): the t. of Britannicus, 
Britannici e., Tac. Ann. It, I. 2). 
niitricius (ore who attends to physical 
training): the boy’s t. was regent, erat 
in procuratione regni n. pueri, Caes. 
B. C. 3, 107. 3, magister: Ter. Ph. 

882 


I, 2, 21: v. also TEACHER. 4, prae- 
ceptor (an instructor): Vv. TEACHER. 

5, rector (a governor): Tac. Ann. 
1,24. Join: custos rectorque (opp. to 
a mere teacher), Plin. Ep. 3, 3: educator 
praeceptorque, Tac. Ann. 15, 62, eztr. : 
formator morum et magister, see Plin. 
Ep. 8, 23. [N.B.—Paedagogus was the 
slave who attended and had charge of a 
child. The Latin word tutor is a legal 
guardian.] Phr.: a strict t. to youths, 
castigator censorque minorum, Hor. 
A. P. 174: to bet. to the young princes, 
*educationi liberorum . principis prae- 
esse, Georg.: to be a t. of youth, formare 
vitam juventutis ac mores, cf. Plin. Pan. 
47, 1: he kept private t.s, praeceptores 
domi habuit, Plin. Ep. 3, 3: @ private t., 
* domesticus praeceptor : to talce the post 
of t., javenem suscipere regendum, Cic. 
Att. Io, 6. 

tutor (v.): déceo, 2, instituo, 3, for- 
mo, I, informo, 1: Vv. TEACH, INSTRUCT. 

—— -ship: ]. tutéla: v. GUARD- 
[ANSHIP. Q. magistérium: J have 
outgrown your t., jam excessit mihi 
aetas ex tuo magisterio, Plaut. Bac. 1, 
2,40. Orexpr. by circuml. with TUTOR. 

twain: v. Two. 

twang (subs.): 1, 
(gen. term): v. NOISE. 
Vv. CLANG, CLASH. 

twang (v.): sono, I: 
or expr. by subs. 

tweezers: volsella, Mart. 9, 27, §: 
Plaut. 

twelfth; duddécimus: the ¢. legion, 
d. legio, Caes. B. G. 2, 23: a t. part, d. 
pars, Plin.: heir to the t. part of an 
estate, heres ex uncia, cf. Cic. Att. 13, 
48; heres unciarius, Ulp. For the t. 
time, duodecimo: Inscr.: by t.s, uncia- 
tim, Plin. 

twelve: duddécim: ¢. times, dud- 
décies, Cic.: Liv.: t. each, t. aé a time, 
duddéni, Caes.: Cic.: Virg.: the number 
t., duddécas, adis, 7, Tert.: containing 
t., duddénarius, Varr.: t. years old, 
*duddécim annos natus, Georg.: of t. 
year's (in duration), *duddécim annorum, 
Georg. : t. times as much, *duodecim par- 
tibus plus, Georg.: a t.-pounder (can- 
non), * tormentum bellicum globos duo- 
denum librarum mittens, Georg. 

— hundred: mille et dicenti: 
t. each or at a time, milléni et diicéni: 
t. times, millies et diicenties: the f. 
hundredth, millésimus dicentésimus. 

— thousand: duoddécim millia: 
t. each or at a time, duodéna millia: the 
t thousandth, duddécies millésimus. 
month: annus: v. year. 

twentieth: vicésimus: Cic.: Caes.: 
the t. part (tax or duty of 5 per cent.), 
vicesima (sc. pars), Cic.: Liv.: Plin. : 
peitaining to the t. part, vicésimarius, 
Liv. 27, 10: soldiers of the t. legion, 
vicésimarii, Tac. Ann. 1, 51: for the ¢. 
time, *vicésimum, Georg.. every t., 
* vicésimus quisque, Georg. 

twenty: viginti Cic.: ¢. each or at 
a time, vicéni, Caes.: Liv.: ¢. times, 
vicies, Cues. : t.-fold, t. times as much, 
vicies tantum, Plin. 14, 4, 6; *vicies 
tanto amplius quam quantum, Georg.: 
tie field bears t.-fold, *ager ettert, efficit, 
cum vicesimo, Georg.: t. years old, * vig- 
inti annorum; viginti annos natus, 
Georg.: a board of t. men, vigintiviri, 
Cic. Att. 2, 6: the office of those on 
a board of t., vigintiviratus, Cic. Att. 
9, 2: t. thousand, viginti millia: ¢. thou- 
sund times, vicies millies; the t. thou- 
sanadth, vicies millésimus: pertaining 
to the number t., vicenarius, Plaut.: a 
youth of t., vicénarius, Arn.: a@ period 
of t. years, vicennium, Modest.; vigintl 
anni, Georg.: a period of t. days, viginti 
dies, Cic. Plane. 37, 90. 

twice: bis, Cic.: Plaut., etc.: t. as 
much, bis tanto, Plaut.; bis tantum, 
Virg.: Varr. duplus (v. DOUBLE): al- 
terum tantum, Plaut.: ¢ as much 
{adv.], duplicato, Plin. 2, 17, 14, fin. ¢. 
as great, altero tanto major, Cic.: f. a@ 
day, bis in dic, Cic.: bis die, Tib.: ¢. 
daily, bis quotidie, Liv.: ¢. a year, bis in 


sonitus, ts 
2. clangor : 


Vv. TO SOUND: 





TWIST 











semel aut bis, Quint.; semel atque iter- 
um, Caes.: bearing fruit t. a year, 
bifer, era, erum, Plin.: Virg. 
twig: 1, surciilus (a live wie oer 
to break off at., s. defringere, Cic. de Or. 
3, 28, Ifo: 2. ramilus (a litle 
branch): Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123: Plin. 
3. virga: Plin.: Cat.: Varr. 4 
lime-t., v., Virg. Georg. 1, 266. 4. 
sarmentum (usu. pl.: trimmings of 
plants and trees): Cic.: Varr.: Caes. 
5, ramalia, ium, n. pl. (dead 1s), 
Ov. Met. 8, 645: Tac. 
v. WAND. 


lux: at sunset when it was already t., 
per occasum solis jam o. luce, Liv. 24, 
21. Phr.: ¢., dubiae crepuscula lucis, 
Ov. Met. t1, 596; cum luce dubiae con- 
finia noctis, ib. 4, 401: im the cold zones 
there prevaiis only a kind of t. from the 
Frozen snow, in zonis frigidis maligna est 
ac pruina tantum albicans lux, Plin. 2, 
68, 68: there was still only a feeble t., 
adhuc dubius et quasi languidus dies, 
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 

twin: 1, géminus: ¢. brothers, 
fratres g., Cic. Clu. 16, 46: @ #. sister, 
soror g. germana, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 30. 
Ts: gémini: there is a likeness between 
t.s, geminorum formae sunt similes, Cic. 
Div. 2, 43, 90: Ilia shall bear t.s, gem- 
inam partu dabit Ilia prolem, Virg. Aen. 
I, 274: Livia brought jorth male t.s, 
Livia duos virilis sexus simul enixa est, 
Tac. Ann. 2, 84. The t.s (a constella- 
tion), Gémini, Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 2815 
geminum astrum, Col. Io, 132. 
gémellus: O ¢. Castor, and Castor’s te 
brother, gemelle Castor et gemelle Cas- 
toris, Cat. 4,27: Ov.: Hor. 7.-bearing, 
gémellipara, Ov. Met. 6, 315. 

twine (subs.): v. STRING. 

twine (v.): <A, Trans.: circume 
volvo, 3, circumplico, I: v. WIND, TWIST, 
T.d, tortilis. B, Intrans.: to t. 
round or about: 1. circumvolvo, 
volvi, volutum, 3 (with refl. pron.): @ 
plant t.ing about trees, herba arboribus 
c. se, Plin. 16, 44, 92. Pass. refl., ser- 
pents t.d about each other, serpentes cir- 
cumvolutae sibi ipsae, id. 10, 62, 82. 

2. circumplector, plexus, 3: fo 

t. about a tree, arborem c., Plin, 19, 4,: 
22. 3. complector, 3: the vine t.s 
about everything which it touches with 
its hand-like tendrils, vitis claviculis 
suis quasi manibus quicquid est nacta 
c., Cic. Sen. 15, 52. 

twining ; lentis adhaerens brachiis, 
Hor. Epod. 15, 6. 

twinge (subs.): ddlor, gen. term 
for pain. Ts, acres dolorum morsus, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 53: perh. faces do- 
lorum, id. Off. 2, 10, 37. T.s in tie 
bowels, tormina: v. GRIPES. Phr.: he 
used to suffer such t.s of conscience, ita 
conscientia mentem excitam vexabat, 
Sall. Cat. 15. 

twinge (v.): torqueo, dolorem ali- 
cui incutio, facio: v. TO HURT, TOR- 
TURE. 10 be t.d, expr. by subs., or v, 
SUFFER. 

winkle: 1, mico, ui, 1: the star 
t.s, stella m., Ov. Met. 15, 850. Dy. 
cOrusco, I: V. GLITTER, GLEAM, 5 
scintillo, I: Vv. TO SPARKLE. 

twinkling : no equiv.: expr. by 
verb. 
twirl (subs.): vertigo, inis, f.: Pers, 


, 76. 
twirl (v.) : A, Trans.: circum- 
&go, 33 Verso, I: V. TURN, SPIN. B. 
lntrans.: in orbem volvor, torqueor : 
Vv. TURN. 

twist: A, Trans.: 1, tor- 
queo, torsi, tortum, 2: the serpent t.s his 
scaly coils, serpens squamosos orbes t., 
Ov. Met. 3, 42: to t. the face awry, ora 
t., Cic. Off. 1, 36, 131: to t. threads, 
stamina t., Ov. Met. 12, 475. 2. ine 


5 


anno, Varr.; bis anno, Plin.: once or t.,| torqueo, 2: ¢.’d ropes, intorti funes, Ow 


DN EE 





Met. 3, 679. 3, contorqueo, 2: esp. 
in pass. part.: Plin. 4, obtorqueo, 2 
(to t. violently): esp. in pass. part. : 
with his neck t.’d, obtorto collo, Plaut. 
Poen. 3, 5, 45. B, Intrans.: tor- 


queo, flecto (with refl. pron.), flector 


(reflect.) : V. TURN, WRITHE, TWINE, 

twit: 1, vellico, 1: Plaut. 24, 
objicio, jéci, jectum, 3: he ts me with 
having been at Baiae, objicit mihi me 
ad Baias fuisse, Cic. Att. 1, 16. Sy 
exprobro, 1: V. UPBRAID. 4, ob- 
jurgo, 1: Vv. CHIDE, REPROACH. 

twitch: vellico, 1: Fig.: Sen. Ep. 20, 
Jjin.: V. PLUCK, JERK. 

twitter ; minirio, 4: Spart.: Sid.: 
V. CHIRP. 

twittering; miniritidnes: Fest. 

twitting: vellicatio: Sen. 

two: duo: with subs. only found in 
pl. bini: t. camps, bina castra, Caes. B. C. 


3, 19: t. each, t. at a time, binl: ¢. days 


(a period), bidnum, Cic.: Caes.: t. years, 
biennium, Ter.: Cic.: ¢. years old, bi- 
mus, Cic.: Hor.: bimilus (of man), 
Cat.: Suet.: the age of t. years, bimatus, 
tis, Plin.: Col.: of t. months, bimes- 
tris, Cic.: Liv.: a pig t. months old, por- 
cus b., Hor. Od. 3, 17, 15: ¢. pounds 
weight, *duas libras pondo (valens), 
Georg.; duapondo, Vitr.: of t. pounds 
weight, bilibris, Plin.: Mart.: a t. foot 
measure, dupondium, Col.: ¢. feet in 
measurement (any way), bipédalis, Cic. : 
Caes.: t. and a half, duo semis, Pall.: 
t. asses and a half, sestertius: in, into 
t. parts, in twain, bifiriam, Plaut. : 
Cic.: Liv.; or prefix dis-: in ¢. parts, 
ways, bypartito, Caes.: Cic.: to divide 
into t. parts, bipartio, 4: Cic. Prov.: 
to kill t. birds with one stone, duo 
parietes de eadem fidelia dealbare (to 
whitewash t. walls from one pot), Cur. 
in Cic. Fam. 7. 29, fin. 


rg -footed: bipes, édis  Virg.: 
al 

—— -headed: 1, biceps, cipitis: 
Cic.: Liv.: Ov. 9. anceps: Ov. Met. 
14, 334. 


— -hundred: dicenti: ft. each, at 
a time, diicéni, Liv.: ft. times, dicenties, 
te 
— -fold: 1, duplex, plicis 
(having two folds or layers, also opp. to 
single). 2. duplus (twice as much) : 
to condemn a thief to restore t., furem 
dupli condemnare, Cat. R. R. pref. 
$8, géminus: v. DOUBLE. 
type: |. Original model : iL, 
exemplar, aris, n.: Cic. 9. exem- 
plum: v. MODEL. 8, forma: v. PAT- 
TERN. I]. 2mbodied or acted pro- 
: 1, imago rerum _futur- 
arum, Lactant. 9, significatio. id. 
8. figiira id. [i]. Metal print- 
tng letters: ], *t¥pi (. ¢.). 2. 
literarum tormae, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93- 
IV, Printed letters: 1. litérae, 
pl.: in large t., * maximis literis. 9: 
chiractéres, pl.: v. CHARACTERS. 
typical: typicus (eccl. t. ¢.): Sedul. 
typically: expr. by swbs. per typum = 
V. TYPE. 
typify : 
fingo. 
typographer :_V. PRINTER. 
typographically ;: expr. by verb or 
subs.: V. PRINT. 
typography : V- PRINTING. 
tyrannical : 1. tyrannicus: ¢. 
laws, t. leges, Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42. by 
stiperbus: Plaut.: Cic. Join: super- 
bus et regius (in the Class. sense): cf. 
Plin. Pan. 7, fin. 3, acerbe severus, 
Cic. Off. 3, 31,,fin.: Vv. HARSH, DOMINEER, 
Phr.: a t. disposition, t. conduct, super- 
bia regia, Liv. 1, 54: Vv. HAUGHTINESS. 
Join: superbia et inhumanitas, Cic. de 
Or. I, 22, 99; crudelitas: v. CRUELTY, 
T. government, crudelis superbaque 
dominutio, Cic. Phil. 3, 14, 34. 7’he mob 
ts either slavish or t., multitudo aut ser- 
vit bumiliter, aut superbe dominatur, 
Liv. 24, 25. 
tyrannically: 1, tyrannice (stronger 
than regie): Cic. Verr. 3, 48, 115. 2. 
stiperbe; v. HAUGHTILY, 8. régie: 


*imaginem (rei futurae) 


Join: crudeliter et r., Cic, Cat, 1, 12, 









UGLY 


30. 4. tyrannicaé crudelitate: Just. 

or expr. by adj. or subs. 
trrannicide: |, The act: tyran- 

nicidium: Plin.: Sen. fj, The killer: 


1, tyranni inferfector: Liv. z 
tyrannicida: Suet.. Plin.: Quint. 3. 
tyrannoctonus: Cic Att. 14, 15. 

tyrannize: |. Vo govern as des- 
pot: 1, déminor, 1: Cic.: Caes. 2, 
tyrannus sum (with gen.): Cic. Or 


expr. by subs.: Vv. TYRANNY, TYRANT. 

Il. Zo act cruelly or imperiously : 
crudeliter et regie fucio, Cic.: to t. over 
any one, tyrannice in aliquem statuere, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 48, 115 ; superbe crudeliter- 
que aliquem tractare, Justin. 42, 1, 33 
tyrannum esse in aliquem, Cic. Phil. 13, 
8, 17; tyrannica crudelitate aliquem 
vexare, Justin. 42, 1, 3: tot. over a city 
or state, urbem crudeli dominatu pre- 
mere, Cic. de Div. 1, 25, 533; civitatem 
servitute oppressam tenere, id. Tusc. 5, 


20, 57. 
tyranny : |. Despotic govern- 
ment : 1. tyrannis, idis, f.: Cie. 
Tse. 2, 22, 52: Quint. 9. doémin- 
atio: Liv. 3, 39: Cic. 8, ddminatus, 
tis: Cic.: Caes.: Vv. SOVEREIGNTY. 
Il. Oppressive rule: 1, impotens 
regnum, Liv. 2. impotens, crudelis, 
dominatus, Cic. Or expr. by servitus, 
etc.: e. g., the t. of the kings, servit- 
us regia, Liv. 41, 6: Vv. OPPRESSION, 
CRUELTY. 
tyrant: 
an absolute ruler: esp. one who bas 
made himself sole master of a govern- 
ment hitherto aristocratic or democratic. 
The word did not necessarily convey 
the idea of oppression or injustice to 
individuals : 1, tyrannus: Cic, : 
Virg.: Hor. 9, déminus: Cie. Rep. 


2,26, 48. [N.B.—In reference to Rome | 


dominus and tyrannus have a bad 
sense. ] Il. Gen.: a domineering or 
cruel person: Expr. by adj. stiperbus, 
grivis, saevus, cridélis: v. CRUEL, OP- 
PRESSIVE: or by verb: Vv. DOMINKER, 
oppress. To play the t., V. TYRANNIZE. 
tyro: Vv. TIKO. 


U. 


1) a 1, 
sentia: v. Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6, and 
Teer 20: 
class. but formed on anal. of omni- 
potentia: v. Macrob. Sat. 5, 16, 8. 3 
in universo praesentia: v. Cic. N. D.1, 
43, 120. 

ubiquitous: 1, praesens: Col. 
3, 21,4: Cic. Tuse. 1, 12, 28. 2. un- 
dique circumfusus: id. N. D. 1, 14, 37. 
8, * ubique praesens. 


adsum : praesens sum. 

udder: 1, ber, éris, m.: Virg. 
Ecl. 2, 42: id. Aen. 6, 367: a distended 
u., distentum uber, Ov. M. 13, 826: pl. 
distenta ubera, Hor. Epod. 2, 46: u. full 
of milk, ubera lactea, Virg. G. 2, 524: 
ubera lactis, Tib. 1, 3, 46. 2. stimen, 
inis (esp. of a sow): Pers. 1, 53: Pl. 
Cure. 2, 3, 44. 

ugliness: 1, déformitas: Cic. 
de Or. 2, 59, 238. 2. foeditas: id. 
Fin. 3, 11, 38. 3, pravitas membro- 
rum: id. Tuse. 4, 13, 29. 4, inform- 
itas (late): Solin. Adv. 20: Tertull. 
Hermog. 42. 5, turpitudo corporis 
Apul. Mag. 15, p. 283, Elm. 

uglily: 1, incondite: Join. in- 
condite monstruose: Cic. Div. 2,71, 146. 

9. turpiter: Ov. Am. 2, 17, 20. 
3. informiter: sounds u., i, sonat, 

Aug. Conf. 12, 29. 

ugly: |. Gen. term: 1, dé- 
formis: what more foul and u.? quid 
foedius et deformius? Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 
35. 2, informis: an u. monster, mon- 
strum.... informe, Virg. Aen. 3, 658: 
an u, colour, informis color, Tibull. 4, 4, 
6. 8, foedus (disgusting): now he 
seems to you u., nunc tibi videtur foedus, 
Ter, Eun, 4, 4, 17. 4, téter, ra, rum 


infinita prae- | 


2, *omnipraesentia: not) 


— , to be: *ubique eodem tempore | 


|. In the ancient sense | 








ULTRA 


(coarse, revolting) : most u. of counten- 
ance, teterrima vultu, Juv. 6, 418, 
Join: vultus horridus ac teter, Suet. 
Cal. 50. 5. obscénus (filthy): an 
u. face, frons obscena, Virg. Aen. 4, 


417: Jjulthy hags! obscenas anus! Hor; 
Epod. 5, 98. 6. squalidus: Cic. Or, 
32, 115. 7. Met.: ater, ra, rum: 


opp. to formosus: an u., fish, ater piscis, 
Hor. A. P. 3. ll. Meton.: of moral 
qualities applied to physical : “4, tur- 
pis, e: tf you became uglier..., si fleres 
turpior, Hor, Od. 2, 8, 4 Join: as 
pectus detormis atque turpis, Cic. Off. 1, 
35, 126. 2, milus: not an u. wo- 
man, non mala mulier, Pl. Bacch. §, 2, 
46: an u. face, mala facies, Quint. 6, 
3, 32. 3, pravus: if any u. parts 
in the limbs, si qua in membris prava, 
Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 46. 4. inhdnestus 
(disfiguring): an u. wound, inbonest- 
um vulnus, Virg. Aen. 6, 497. 5, 
indécorus : Vv. UNBECOMING. il. 
Metaph. (serious) . 1. gravis, e: 
an u. wound, grave vuinus, Liv. 2, 17: 
ib. 47. 2, périciildsus: Cic. Phil. 14, 
9, a 

ugly, to make: 1. déformo, 1: 
Hire’ Mex. 24. Q, turpo, 1: wrinkles 
make thee u., rugae turpant, Hor, Od. 
45 33012; 3. déturpo, 1: Plin. 
15, 16, 18. 4, dédécbro, 1 (poet.): 
Prop. 3, 21, 36. 5, indécdro, 1: Hor. 
Od. 4, 4, 36: Vv. TO SPOIL, DEFACE, DE- 
FILE. 

ulcer: |. Gen. term: 1, ul- 
cus, or hulcus, éris, n.: the opening at 
the top of the u., summum ulceris os, 
Virg. Georg. 3, 454: u.s cicatrise with 
difficulty, ulcera cicatricem vix recipi- 
unt, Cels. 4, 9. 9. abscessus, as: 
Cels. 5, 18, 2. 8. suppiratio: id. 3, 
27,4. 4, vdmica: id. 2, 8: Cic. N. D. 
3, 28, 70. 5, carbunciilus: Plin. 26, 
1, 4: Cels. 5, 28, I. 6. Apostéma, 
n.: Plin. 25, 13, 105. 7. cancro- 
ma, n.: in an animal: Veget. Veter. 


4, 19,2: but the reading doubtful. 8, 
cancer, Gris, m.: Cels. 5, 26, 31. A 
small u., *ulcusculum: Med. Il. 


Chiefly local : 1, fistiila (in the rec- 
tum): f. putris, Nep. Att. 21: Ceis. §, 
28, 12: but used also of the eye, id. 
7 > 77 2, carcindma (xapxivwya) 
chiefly on the face and upper parts: 
Cels. 5, 28, 2: Suet. Aug. 65. 3. can- 
chrema (in the eyes of a horse): Veget. 
Veter. 2, 22, 15. 4, eninyctis, 7. or 
syce, f. (in the eye): Plin. 20, 6, 21. 
5, aiyiAwy, wos (in the eye): 
Cels. 7, 7,7: aegilopas, acc., Plin. 35, 6, 
14. 6. «p67 (in the eyelid): Cels. 7, 
Ghz 7, ws in the mouth, ulcera oris 
quae Graeci ad@as nominant, ot oy Bee 
Phr.: tohealulcers: 1, ulcusimpleo: 
Cels. 5, 6, 14. 9, crustas ulceribus 
induco, ib. 9. 
ulcerate: A, Trans.: to affect 
with an ulcer, to make sore: ], ul- 
céro, 1: Hor. S. 1, 6, 106: Cic. Fat. 16, 
36. 9, exulcéro, 1: Cels. 4, 22: Col. 
", 9, 5: B, Intrans.: to be formed 
into an ulcer: suppiro, 1: Plin. 22, 14, 


16: V. SUPPURATE. 
ulcerated : ulcériitus, but more com- 
monly exulcératus: Cels.: an wu. sore 


throat, *cynanche (lit, throttling) ulcer- 
osa, or *cynanche maligna: Med.: v. 
ULCEROUS. 

ulceration: 1, ulcéritio. Sen 
Const. Sap. 6: Plin, 34, 1%, 27- 2: 
exulctratio: Cels. 4, 22. 

ulcerous (full of ulcers): ulctrésus : 
Tac. A. 4, 57: 

ulterior: A. as to place: ulté- 
rior: u. Gallia, Cic. Prov. 15, 36. B. 
as to time: postérus: what is u. and 
subsequent, posterum et consequens, id. 
Fin. 3,9, 32. Phr.: to consider u, mea- 
sures, consulere in longitudinem, Ter. 
Heaut. 5, 2, 10: what is u, quod ultra 
est, Hor. Od. 2, 14, 25. 

ultimate: uliimus: v. Last. 

ultimately: ad postremum, ad ex- 
tremum: V. LAST, AT. 

ultra (denoting extreme optniond : 
expr. by supert.: an wu. aristocrat: L, 
pobilitatis studiosissimus, x. P Acad 

3 


ULTRAMARINE 





4, 10, 125: 2, aptoroxpatixuwrtatos, id. 
Att. 2, 15: an u. liberal, homo maxime 
popularis, id. Cluent. 28, 77: comp. id. 
Sest. 45, 96. 

ultramarine: 1, caeriileus, or 
caertilus: Virg.: Caes. 9. cyaneus 
(of Kingfishers): colore cyaneo, Plin. 


10, 32, 47. 
ultramontane : i, transmon- 
tanus: Liv. 39, 2. 9, transalpinus : 


Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28: wu. doctrine, * Ponti- 
ficiorum doctrina: Mosheim. 

ultramontanist: * Romanae sedis 
et potentiae vindex: Mosheim. 

ultra-protestant: *Protestantium, 
ut vocantur, doctrinae vehementissimus 
assertor. 

umbel, umbella (of plants): *um- 
bella: Bot. Dimin., *umbellula: Bot. 

umber: |. A fish: *salmo thy- 
mailus: Cycl. ‘$f, A kind of earth: 
* terra fusci coloris. 

umbered (of the colour of umber) : 
fuscus: Vv. DUSKY, SHADED. 

umbilical: 1, umbilicatus: Plin. 
13, 4,7: the u. cord, * ductus u.: Med. 

9, umbilicaris: Tertull. Carm. Chr. 


2. 
umbrage : |. Foliage : 1 
umbrae, pl.: nor had Pelion u., nec 


habebat Pelion umbras, Ov. Met. 12, 
513. 9. umbraciilum: Apul. Met. 9, 
32, p. 232, Elm. Il. Offence: v. 
OFFENCE. Yo take u. at: v. OFFEND, L., 
1., 2. 

umbrageous: umbrosus, Opacus: v. 
SHADY. 

umbrella: umbella: Mart. 14, 28, 
in lemm.: Juv. 9, 50. 

— tree (a kind of magnolia): 
* magnolia tripetala: Bot. 

umpire: 1, arbiter, ri: did you 
take the same man as u. and judge ? eun- 
demne tu arbitrum et judicem sumebas ? 
Cic. Rosc. Com. 4,12. 2, disceptator, 
m.: Cic. Part. 3, Io: an wu. between 
father and son, disceptator inter patrem 
et filium, Liv. 1, 50. 3, disceptatrix, 
f.: Cic. Acad. 4, 28, 91. For phrr., to 
appoint an u., elc., V. ARBITRATOR, For 
difference between arbiter and discepta- 
tor, v. also ARBITRATOR. 

un This prefix gives a negative 
signification to the word before which 
it stands, and may be prefixed at plea- 
sure to almost any Eng. subs., adj., or 
verb. In many cases there is no single 
Lat, equivalent to the neg. word thus 
formed, but the neg. force may be given 
by prefixing a Lat. neg. part. as non, 
haud, minus, minime, parum, nequa- 
quam, sine, nondum, etc., or some word 
denoting defect, as careo, desum, etc., to 
the word of positive signification, to 
which word the reader will in many of 
the foll. arts. be referred. 

unabashed: A. In good sense: 

J, interritus: w. witnesses, firmi et 

interriti, Quint. 5, 9, II. 9. intré- 
pidus: Ov. Met. 13, 478: Tac. H. 1, 35: 
Vv. DAUNTLESS. Phr.: w. by defeat: re- 
pulsae nescius, Hor. Od. 3, 2, 17: B. 
In bad sense: 1, impudeus: Cic. Fam. 
5, 12. 9. invérécundus: an wu. brow, 
inverecunda frons, Quint. 2, 4, 16. Ss: 
atiritus: Juv. 13, 242. 4. impiger, 
ra, rum (poet.): Virg. Aen. 1, 778: v. 
SHAMELESS. 

unabated: V. UNDIMINISHED, INCEs- 
SANT. 

unable; usu. in Eng. joined with a 
verb, to do or to be...: 1, impotens: 
u. to control (their horses), impotentes 
regendi, Liv. 35, 11: wu. to control his 
anger, impotens irae, id. 29, 9 f 
invilidus: wu. to walk, invalidus ad in- 
grediendum, Gell. 20, 1, If. 3, a neg. 
adv., pref. to potens: Iwas wu. to restrain 
myself, potens mei non eram, Curt. 4, 
13, 23: J was wu. to refuse to give, non 
potui non dare, Cic. Att. 8, 2, post in. 

4, nequeo, ire, itum, 4: J was u. 

to behold thee..., te... nequivi con- 
spicere, Virg. Aen. 6, 507: nequiens, 
part. of nequeo, but not freq. in use: vu. 
to hold up their bodies, sustinere corpora 
nequeuntes, Sall. Frag. 3: wu. to make 
a suitable end, nequiens idoneum exi- 


884 





| Cie. Att. 2, 21, E: 





UNACCUSTOMED 





tum reddere, Apul. Met. 8, 14, p. 207, 
Elm. 
unabolished: v. TO ABOLISH, UN- 
ALTERED, UNCHANGED. Phr.: that cus- 
tom... remained u., ille mos... per- 
mansit, Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63. 
unabsolved: 1. nondum solitus, 
absolitus: v. TO ABSOLVE, TO ACQUIT, 
UNACQUITTED, 9, reus: Ov. Her. 16, 


324. ; 

unaccented: 1. gravis: Quint. 
I, §, 22: Prisc. 14, 1,6: de Acc.2. 2, 
encliticus: Prise. 14, 1. 3, accentu 
carens: V. ACCENT. 

unacceptable: _1. ingratus: w. 
jests, ingrati joci, Ov. Fast. 3,738. 2. 
gravis: an wu. messenger, gravis nuntius, 
Virg. Aen. 8, 582. 3, invisus: a 
speech u. to the gods, invisa diis oratio, 
Cic. Manil. 16, 47. 4, injicundus: 
ACOSO H nz Is 3e 5, importinus: wu. 
poverty, im. pauperies, Hor. Od. 3, 16, 
37): V. UNWELCOME. 

unaccompanied: _ |. Gen. term: 

1, incdmitatus: virtue u. by out- 

ward advantages, externis virtus in- 
comitata bonis, Ov. Pont. 2, 3, 36. 9. 
non comitatus: id. Am. 1, 6, 33. Ss) 
solus: Ter. Hec. 4,1, 42. 4, simplex: 
Cic. N. D. 2, 11,29. 8, expr. by sine: 
sine arbitris: Liv. 1, 21: sine uxore, 
Cic. Mil. ro, 28. G6. remotis arbitris, 
Liv. 2,4. Phr.: wu. by any Greek at- 
tendants, nullis Graecis ,comitibus, Cic. 
Mil. 10, 28. ||. Voice without a mus. 
instr.: ], assa vox: Non. Mare. p. 
q7- 9, sine symphonia, Plin. fo, 29, 
43: Vv. TO ACCOMPANY, ALONE, SINGLE. 

unaccomplished : 1, infectus : 
Hor. Od. 3, 29, 47: the object being u., 
infecta re, Liv. 9, 32. 2, imperfectus: 
an u. work, imperfectum opus, Ov. Pont. 
4, 16,15. Phr.: u. answers of sooth- 
sayers, responsa... quae nullos haberent 
exitus, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 52: to be u., su- 
peresse: Enn. ap. Gell. 1, 22, 16: to 
leave u., sine effectu relinquere, Liv. 4, 
7]: V. INCOMPLETE, UNFINISHED. 

unaccountable: 1, inexplica- 
bilis: Liv. 37, 52. 9. inénodabilis : 
Cic. Fat. 9, 18. Join: improvisus ac 
repentinus amor, id. Agr. 2, 22, 60. 
Phr.: crime is u., nullum scelus ratio- 
nem habet, Liv. 28, 28: a thing which he 
thinks u., cujus rei putat iste rationem 
reddi non posse, Cic. Caecin. 6, 17: Vv. IN- 
EXPLICABLE, ACCOUNTABLE, 

unaccountably : 
opinionem, Nep. Milt. 2. 2. praeter 
spem, Pl, Rud. 2, 3,69. 3, sine causa: 
the horse fell u., sine causa repente con- 
cidit, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77. 4, répente: 
g Phr.: the Samaeans 
revolted quite u., incertum quam ob cau- 
sam Samaei desciverunt, Liv. 38, 28: 
tempests ave excited u., nulla ex certa 
ratione tempestates excitantur, Cic. Mur. 
17, 36: V. UNUSUALLY, 

unaccustomed : 1, insdlitus : 
an army wu. to toil, insolitus ad laborem 
exercitus, Caes. B. C. 3, 85: with no 
obj. expr, you compel women to come 
forward (who are) u. (to do so), feminas 
insolitas prodire cogis, Cic. Verr. 1, 38, 
94. 2, insuétus: (i. with obj. expr.): 
u. to reproach, insuetus contumeliae 
(gen. or dat.), Cic, Att. 2, 21, 2: men u. 
to labour, homines insueti laboris (gen.), 
Caes. B. G. 4, 30: to Roman customs, 
moribus Romanis (dat. or abl.), Liv. 28, 
18: to bear burthens,ad onera portanda, 
Caes. B. C. 1, 78: to such a sight, ad tale 
spectaculum, Liv. 41, 20: to sailing, 
navigandi, Caes. B. G. 5,6: to hear truth, 
vera audire, Liv. 31, 18: to be conquered, 
vinci, id. 4, 31. (ii. with no obj. expr.) : 
an u. solitude, insueta solitudo, id. 3, 52: 
by an uw. road, insuetum per iter, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 16. 3, insdlens: (i. with no 
obj. expr.): Hor. Od. 1, 5, 8. (ii. with 
obj. mostly in gen.) : u. to war, insolens 
belli, Caes. B. C. 2, 36: wu. to hear what 
he was doing, audiendi quae faceret, ‘Tac. 
A. 15; (64. 4, inexpertus: uw. to re- 
proach,ad contumetiam inexpertus, Liv. 
6,18: to wars, beliis inexpertus (dat. or 
abl.), Tac. H. 1,8: to imsolence, lasciviae 
(gen.), id. A. 16,5,  §, intentatus: a 


1. praeter 





UNADVISED 





woman u. to the yoke, intentata jugo 
(abl.), Sen, Med. 62. _6, indoctus: wu. 
to bear the yoke, juga ferre, Hor. Od. 2, 
Gyi2: 7, indémitus: a bullocic u. to 
the yoke, bos indomitus, Vulg. Jerem. 
XXXi. 18. 8, rudis: w. to war, rudis 
belli, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 47: also without 
obj., rudis puer, id. Od. 3, 24, 54. 
unacknowledged : 1, tectus: 
u. love, amor t., Ov. Rem. 619. ay 
inornatus (poet.): Hor. Od. 4, 9, 31. 
8. sépultus: id. Ep. 2, 1, 88: v. 
TO ACKNOWLEDGE, TO HIDE, TO CONCEAL, 
unacquainted: 1. ignarus: (i. 
with no object expr.): me ignaro, Cic, 
Plane. 16, 40. (ii. with object in gen.): 
u. with the facts, ignarus rerum, id. 
Phil. 2, 15, 37: 2. both with the people and 
the places, ignari hominumque_|loco- 
rumque, Virg. Aen. 1, 332: u. with the 
way to make and to polish a speech, fa- 
ciundae ac poliendae orationis, Cic. de Or. 
I, 14, 63. 9. inscius: u. with every- 
thing and inexperienced, omnium re- 
rum inscius et rudis, id. Brut. 85, 292. 
8, nescius: a@ mind u. with the 
Future, nescia mens fati sortisque fu- 
turae, Virg. Aen. 10, 501: v. UNAWARE. 
4, expers (devoid of): u. with 
Greek literature, expertes Graecarum 
literarum, Nep. praef. ; with love, amoris, 
PL. Pseud. 1,5, 83. Join: vestri sensus 
ignarus atque expers, Cic. Mil. 27, 72. 
5, impéritus: wu. with the facts, im- 
periti rerum, Ter. Andr. §, 4, 8: v. 
UNSKILLED. 6, novus (a stranger) : 
u. with the delinquencies of the enemy, 
delictis hostium novus, Tac. Agr. 16: 
Vv. STRANGE, STRANGER. 7, so also, 
Alienus: wu. with literature, alienus a 
literis, Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46. 8. ig- 
notus (unknown): those who were uw. 
with him (i. e. persons unknown to him) 
despised his appearance, ignoti faciem 
ejus contemnebant, Nep. Ages. 8: since 
we are not praising before people u. 
with the case, quoniam non apud ignotos 
laudemus, Auct. ad Her. 3, 6, 12. 
unadapted: initilis: Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 
12. Phr.: u. for war, non sat idoneus 
pugnae, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 26. 
unadmired: inimatus: Sil. 12, 527. 
unadmonished: sine monitione: 
sine monitu: sine admonitione: Seu. 
Ep. 94, 50. Phr.: forgetful if u., im- 
memor, nisi admonitus, Pl. Pseud. 4, 7, 
2: V. TO ADMONISH. : 
unadorned: 1, inornatus: hair 
u., comae inornatae, Ov. Her. 8, 10: 
Lysias, an u. (writer), inornatus serip- 
tor, Cic. Or. 9, 29. 9, incomtus: an 
u. speech, incomta oratio, Cic. Or. 23, 78 : 
incomtum caput, Hor. Epod. 5, 16. 
Join-~ ars indotata et incomta: Cic. 
de Or. 1, 55, 234. 3, nidus: the 
u. commentaries of Caesar, commen- 
tarii .... nudi, omni ornatu detracto, 
Cic. Brut. 75, 262. 4, simplex: wu. in 
neatness, simplex munditiis, Hor. Od. 1, 
5,5. 9, mérus: w. prose, sermo merus, 
id. S. 1, 4, 48. G6. purus: toga pura 
(without the stripe), Phaedr. 3, 10, 10: 
argentum purum (not chased or em- 
bossed), Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 49: pura 
oratio, Ter. Heaut. prol. 46. 7, sin- 
cérus ; sincerae genae, Ov. A. A. 3, 202: 
V. TO ADORN, ORNAMENT, ORNAMENTED. 
unadornedly ; inornaté: to speak u., 
inornate dicere, Auct. ad Her. 4, 31, 42: 
* sine ornamentis. 
unadulterated: 1, sincérus (opp. 
to fucatus): Cic. Am. 25, 95: U. wine, 
vinum sincerum, Col. 12, 45,6. Join: 
sincerus atque verus: Cic.: sincerns et 
integer: ‘Tac. 2, mérus: ib. 3, 21, 
10. 3, intéger: w. taste, integer sa- 
por, Hor. S. 2, 4, 54. 4, sine fuco et 
fallaciis: Cic. Att. 1, I, I: V. GENUINE. 
unadventurous: imaudax: Hor. 
Od. 3, 20, 3: V. TIMID, RETIRING. 
unadvisable : 1, inutilis: not 
promising success: Caes. B. G. 4, 27. 
2. impriidens: Petron. S. 102, 3. 
Phr.: he thought it u., negavit esse 
utile, Cic. Off. 3, 21, 100: V- FOOLISH, 
UNWISE, IMPRU DENT. 
unadvised: 1. inconsultus: an 
u. plan, inconsulta ratio, Cic. Rab. Post. 


aah 





UNADVISEDLY 





Mye2- 
25, 80, 
Epicurus, quae Epicurus cscitans halu- 
cinatus est, id. N. 1). 1, 26, 72: Vv. INCON- 
SIDERATE, RECKLESS. 
unadvisedly : 1, impridenter : 
Cic. Att. 10, 8. 9. témére: Join: 
temere et nullo consilio, id. Inv. 1, 34, 
58. 3, inconsulte: Join: inconsulte 
ac temere, id. N. D. 1, 16,43. 4, sine 
consilio: Caes. B. G. 7, 20. 
unaffected: 1. simplex (natural): 
the u. Nymphs, simplices Nymphae, Hor. 
Od. 2, 8,14. Join: simplices minime- 
que fallaces, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63: aperti 
et simplices, ib. 1, 30, 109. 2. can- 
didus: an u. style of speaking, candidum 
genus dicendi, id. Or. 16, 53: candidus 
Herodotus, Quint. 10,1,73. 8, inaffee- 
tatus: the u. sweetness of Xenophon, ju- 
cunditas Xenophontis inaffectata, ib. 82. 
4, sincérus (opp. to simulatus) : 
Cic. Am. 25, 95. 5, nidus: nuda 
veritas, Hor. Od. 1, 24, 7. 6. fa- 
cilis (opp. to artificial): Join: con- 
victus facilis, sine arte mensa, Mart. 
Io, 47, 8. 7, sine arte: v. 6. 8. 
sine molestia: careful but u. elegance, 
sine molestia diligens elegantia, Cic. 
Brut. 38, 143. 9, non fuco illitus : 
Cie. de Or. 3, 52, 199. 
unaffectedly : 1, simpliciter : 
Join: simpliciter sine ulla exorna- 
tione, Cic. Inv. 2, 3, Ir. 9. sine fuco 
et fallaciis, id. Att. 1, 1. 
unaftrighted : v. UNDAUNTED. 
unaided: 1. non adjitus: Nep. 
Milt. 2, Phoc. 2. 92. niidus: you see 
him left wu. in the cause, nudum in causa 
destitutum videtis, Cic. Caecin. 32, 93. 
Join: vacuus et nudus: Quint. 11, 2, 
42. 8. auxilio spoliatus; Cic. Red. 
4 Io. 4, inops auxilii: Liv. 3, 7. 
5, sine ope: Cic. Att. 16, 13, 6. 
Phr.: wu. by jriends, inops amicorum, 
Cic. Am. 15, 53: inops ab amicis, Auct. 
Dom. 22, 58: wu. by relatives, nulla cog- 
patione munitus: Cic. Quir. Red. 6, 16: 
wholly u., orbus auxilique opumque, Pl. 
Rud. 2, 3, 19: by my own uw. effort, nul- 
lius (al. nullis) adminiculis, sed, ut 
dicitur, Marte nostro, Cic. Off. 3, 7, 34: 
by his own u. effort, Marte suo, id. Phil. 
2, 37, 95: I am here wholly u., habeo 
hic neminem neque amicum, Ter. Eun. 
I, 2, 69: that he might not be wholly u., 
ne omnino desertus esset, Cic, Rose, Am. 
2, 5: force u. by counsel, vis consili 
expers, Hor. O. 3, 4, 65: V. ALONE, SOLI- 
TARY. 
unalienable, to be: alienari non 
debeo, v. Cic. Verr. 4, 60, 134. Phr.: 
virtue is u., nec eripi nec surripi potest 
unquam, Cic. Par. 6, 3: V. INALIENABLE, 
unalienated: proprius: Join: 
proprius ac perpetuus, Cic. Manil. 16, 
48. Phr.: while his property was still 
u., in possessione bonorum cum esset, 
id. Caecin. 7, 19: V. TO ALIENATE. 
unalleviated : v. TO ALLEVIATE, 
TO RELIEVE. 
unallied (esp. in family) : me 
alienus: not u. in blood to kings, non 
alienus sanguine regibus, Liv. 29, 29. 
9. dissdciatus: Ov. Met. 1,25. 8, 
nulla societate junctus: Liv. 5, 4. 4, 
non affinitate conjunctus: Nep. Paus. 2: 
Vv. ALLIED. 
unallotted: non sorte datus, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 431: non sorte adsignatus, Brut. 
ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20. 
unallowable: 1, illicitus: Cic. 
Cluent. 47, 130. 2, imconcessus: w. 
nuptials, inconcessi bymenaei, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 651. 8, vétitus: vetiti by- 
menaei, ib. 6, 62} : V. UNLAWFUL. 
unallowed;: impermissus, Hor, Od. 
36, 27: V. TO DISALLOW, UNLAWFUL, 
unalloyed: |. Of metals: 1, 
purus: Join: purum et incorruptum 
(aurum): Plin. 33, 4, 26. 2, mérus: 
wu. gold and silver, merum aurum atque 
argentum, Pl. Asin. 1, 3, 3. I. 
Fig: 1, nidus: w. virtue, nuda virtus, 
Petr. 88. g, “quidus: wu. and free 
pleasure, liquida voluptas et libera, Cic. 
Fin. 1, 18, 58. Phr.: to enjoy u. 
, perfrui maximis et animi 


Phr.: the u. speculations of 


2, inconsidératus: id. Quint. | et corporis voluptatibus, ib. 


UNANIMOUSLY 





snc w 
UNMIXED. 

unalterable: v. UNCHANGEABLE. 

unaltered: v. UNCHANGED. 

unambiguous: certus, Ov. Met. 5, 
296: V. AMBIGUOUS, CLEAR, PLAIN, PRE- 
CISE. 

unambiguously: claire: Join: 
clare certumque locutus, Hor. 5. 2, 6, 27: 
V. CLEARLY, PLAINLY, PRECISELY. 

unambitious: 1. usu. expr. by 
neg. as, minime ambitiosus: Cic. Fam. 
13, 1: nen ambitione adductus: ib.: v. 
AMBITIOUS. 2. inambitidsus (rare): 
Ov. Met. 11, 765. 8. inglorius: Virg. 
Georg. 2, 486. 4, hiimilis: an u. 
speech, h. oratio, Cic. Or. 57, 192: homo 
h., id. Att. 9, 7, A. 5, quiétus: 
to pass an u. life, quietam vitam tra- 
ducere, id. Sen. 23, 82. 6, sdbrius : 
Hor. Od. 2, 10, 8. 7. obscirus: id. 
Ep. 1, 18, 94. 8, modestus: Cic, Att. 
13, 29. Phr.: to be u., gloriam non 
sequi: v. Cic. Fam. 10, 26: haud ad 
immortalitatem gloriae niti, id. Sen. 23, 
82: vitam silentio transire, Sall. Cat. 1: 
honores non petere, Nep. Att. 6: v. UN- 
ASSUMING, 

unamenable: inobstquens (late) : 
horses u. to the reins, inobsequentes frenis 
equi, Sen. Hipp. 1c68: v. AMENABLE. 

unamiable: 1. inimabilis: Virg. 
Georg. 4,479. Q, difficilis: Ter, Heaut. 
3; 23/24; 3 morosus: Join: morosi 
et anxii et iracundi et difficiles senes: 
Cic. Sen. 18, 65. 4, tristis: the u. 
sisters (Fates), tristes sorores, Tib. 3, 3, 
35. 5, tetricus: Join: tetricus 
censor et asper, Mart. 12, 70, 4: Vv. 
AMIABLE, ROUGH. 

unamiableness: difficilis natura, 
Nep. Att. 5: v. ROUGHNESS, SEVERITY. 

unamiably: 1, triciilente : Cic. 
AgretZ we ers 2. morose: id. Brut. 
67, 236: Vv. ROUGHLY. 

unanimity: 1, ininimitas: bro- 
therly u., fraterna unanimitas, Liv. 40, 8. 

2. consensio: entire u. of inclina- 

tions, etc., voluntatum .... summa con- 
sensio, Cic. Am. 4, 15: u. among all 
good men, in omnibus bonis consensio, 
id) Cat, ix; 13,) 32: 8, consensus, ts: 
u. among all is the voice of nature, 
omnium consensus naturae vox est, id. 
‘Tuse. 1, 15, 35. Join: omnium con- 
sensus doctrinarum concentusque, id. de 
Or. 3, 6, 21. 4, concordia: the senate 
broke up the u. of the ranks, senatus or- 
dinum concordiam disjunxit, id. Att. 1, 
18, 4. 5, conspiratio: the u. of all 
good men, conspiratio bonorum omnium, 
id. Cat 4, 10, 22. 6. initas (late): 
Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 5. Phr.: in which 
there is complete u., de quo omnes uno 
ore consentiunt, id. Am. 23, 86: consi- 
dering our u., pro mutuo inter nos 
animo, id. Fam. 5, 2: V. AGREEMENT, 
UNION. 

unanimous: 1, aninimus (not 
in Cic.): Liv. 7, 21: Catull. 27, 1. DF 
ananimis, e: Claud. Prob. et Olybr. 231: 
id. Epigr. 32 (37), 3- 8, concors, dis: 
Virg. Aen. 6, 828. 4, expr. by ini- 
versus: against the u. voice of nature, 
contra universam naturam, Cic. Off. 1, 
31,110. Phr.: all men are u,, omnes 
ad unum idem sentiunt, Cic. Am. 23, 86: 
omnes sentiunt unum atque idem, id. 
Cat. 4, 7, 14: authors are tolerably u. in 
reporting, satis constans inter omnes 
auctores fama est, Just. 25, 5: @ u. wish 
of the younger men, concursus omnium 
ferme juniorum, Liv. 10, 25: ¥. UNI- 
VERSAL, TO AGREE, and next art. 

unanimously: 1, concorditer : 
Ov. Met. 1, 752: to carry on war more u., 
concordius bellum gerere, Liv. 4, 45. 


9, ex communi consensu, Caes. B.G. | 


I, 30. 3, consensu omnium: u. ap- 
proved, omnium consensu comprobatum, 
Cie. Div. 1, 6, 11. 4, consensu: which 
is wu. commended, quae consensu lan- 
datur, Plin. 17, 5, § 39. 5, una 
voce: almost u., una pene voce, Cic. de 
Or, x, 11, 46. 6, uno ore: all u, re- 
commended, omnes uno ore auctores 
fuere, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 20. 7. una 
mente: all men u. agree, una mente 


UNAPT 





consentiunt, Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 7. Join: 
uno animo, una mente, Liv. 10, 22. 8. 
Expr. also by omnes, universi, cuncti, 
etc.: the Trojans u. assented, cuncti 
simul ore fremebant, Virg. Aen. 1, 559: 
we u. ask for peace, pacem te poscimus 
omnes, ib. 11, 362. Phr.: the people u. 
made him king, populus universus .... 
eundem regem constituit, Just. 1, 10: 
he is appointed leader u., constituitur 
dux omnium suffragio, ib.: there was 
never any doubt that the Roman people 
would u. make you consul, nunquam 
fuit dubium, quin te populus Romanus 
cunctis suffragiis consulem facturus 
esset, Cic. Fam. 15, 12: the slave is u. 
acquitted, omnibus sententils absolvitur, 
id. Verr. 4, 45, 100: when all voted u. 
on his side, quum omnes .... in sen- 
tentiam ejus pedibus irent, Liv. 9, 8 
all u. approve of Vercingetoriz, ad unum 
omnes .... probant, Cues. B. G. 7, 63: 
whatever we have u, determined, quid- 
quid de communi sententia statuerimus, 
Cic. Fam. 4, 1. 
unanswerable: 

mentis) révincendus: 


1. non (argu- 
v. Cic. Arch. §, 


Li 2. non refiitandus: v. id. de Or. 
2, 19, 80. 3. non infirmandus : v. ib. 
I, 31, 143. 4, non frangendus: ib. 


5, non réfellendus: v. Ov. Met. 1, 
758. 6, irrétiitabilis (late only): Ar- 
nob. 4, p. 390, Gauthier [p. 174, Herald} 

7, nécessarius: an u. conclusion, 
necessaria conclusio, Cic. Top. 16, 60, 
Phr.: arguments which seem to me u., 
quae mihi non videntur posse convelli, 
Cie. Div, 1, 51, I1J: u. arguments, 
firma ad probandum, id. Brut. 78, 272 
seeing that these arguments are u quam 
tu horum nihil refelles, Ter. Phorm 
I, 2, 80: we are ashamed that these 
reproaches are u., pudet haec oppro- 
bria .... non potuisse refelli, Ov. Met. 
I, 758: are my arguments u.? vincon' 
argumentis ? Pl. Ampb. 1, 1, 280. 

unanswerably: plane he proved 
u., is plane probabat, Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: 
V. COMPLETELY, FULLY, ENTIRELY, 
unanswered: Phr.: to leave letters 
u,, ad literas non respondere: non re- 
scribere: literas non reddere: respon- 
sum non ferre: v, Cic. Att. §, 12: ib, 
9,9: ib. 10: v. TO ANSWER. 
unappalled: v. UNDAUNTED. 
unappeased: 1, implacdtus: an 
appetite u., gula implacata, Ov. Met. 8, 
845. Q. insitiatus (late and poet.) 
Stat. Theb. 6, 298. 3. nondum satia- 
tus : whose cruelty was still u., quorum 


crudelitas nondum esset..... satiata, 
Cic. Qu. Fr. 1, 3, 1: V. TO APPEASE, TO 
SATISFY. 


unapproachable: |. /m reference 
to a place : V. INACCESSIBLE, i). Fig. 
Of persons or characters: 1], singi- 
laris: Aristotle, in philosophy almost u. 
Aristoteles in philosophia prope singu- 
laris, Cic. Acad. 2, 43. Join: singulare 
et vere unicum naturae opus, Plin. 9, 35, 
58: we must speak of the u. and pre- 
eminent excellence of Pompey, dicendum 
de Pompeii singulari eximiaque virtute, 
Cic. Manil. 1, 3. 2. perfectissimus 
(late): Lactant. Div. Inst. 5, 15: ¥. CON- 
SUMMATE, UNRIVALLED, UNIQUE, and 
next art. 

unapproached : 1, inaccessus 
(which includes sense of preceding): 
u. groves (t, é. unapproached and unap- 
proachable), luci inaccessi, Virg. Aen. 9, 
Il. 9. avius: u. places, avia loca, 
Lucr. 1, 925. 3. intactus: the u. 
Britons, intactus Britannus, Hor. Epod. 
INACCESSIBLE, DISTANT, TO AP- 


Martens © 
PROACH. 

unapt: 1, non aptus: Epicurus, 
rather u.at jesting, non aptissimus ad 
| focandum, Cic. N. D.2,17,46. 2, ridis, 
@ (inexperienced): u. for contests on 
foot, rudis ad pedestria bella, Liv. 24, 
48. 3, piger: very u. at writing 
letters, ad literas scribendas pigerrimus, 
| Cic. Fam. 8, 1: @ race very u. for war, 
gens pigerrima ad militaria opera, Liv. 
21,25. 4, fatuus (stupid): Cic. de Or. 
| 2, 24, 99: V. APT, AWKWARD, UXSUITED, 


DULL. 
885 





UNAPTLY 


UNAVENGED 


UNBECOMING 








unaptly: 1, inepte: Hor. A. P. 
140. gy. illépide: id. Ep. 2, 1, 177. 
3, malé: Quint. 1, 8, 2: v. UNSKIL- 
FULLY. 
unaptness: 1. ineptia: Cic. de 
Or. 2,4,18. Q, inscitia: Suet. Ner. 41. 
unarmed: 1. inermis or inermus: 
wu. and unprepared, inermis atque im- 
paratus, Cic. Sest. 37. 79: an u. mob, 
vulgus inermum, Virg. Aen. 12, 131. 
Q, depositis armis: v. Ov. Fast. 3, 1. 
3, positis armis: Cic. Fam. 6, 2. 
4, exiitus armis: the Arcadiuns w., 
exuti Arcades armis, Virg. Aen. II, 395. 
5, sine armis: v. id. Georg. I, 161. 
6, niidus: shewing their u. hands, 
dextras nudas ostentantes, Liv. 28, 3. 
Phr.: the edicts of the praetors com- 
manded the slaves to be u. .... ut ne 
quis servorum cum telo esset, Cic. Verr. 
5, 3,7: V. ARMED, 
unasked : ], non rogatus: nonr. 


testis, Pomp. ap. Dig. 22, 5, 11. 0}, 
non vocatus: Hor. Od. 2, 18, 40. 3. 
injussus: id. S. 1, 3, 3. 4. sponte, 


willingly (in ref. to mind of agent: v. 
Déderlein, s. v.): (freq. with possessive 
pron. in abl.) : sua sponte, sed rogatum et 
arcessitum, Caes. B. G. 1,44: mea sponte, 
Cic. Att. 15, 27. Join: sua sponte et 
voluntate, Cic. Part. 37, fin. 5, vo- 
luntate (in ref. to will, Dod.): they swb- 
mitted u., voluntate in ditionem vener- 
unt, Liv. 29, 38. 6. ultro (in ref. 
to thing itself, with sense of obtrusion, 
Dod.) : offering themselves u., ultro se 
mihi offerentes: promising w., ultro pol- 
licentes, Cic. Planc. 10, 24: that Asia 
would come u., ultro Asiam.... ven- 
turam, Virg. Aen. 2, 193: v. UNINVITED. 

unaspiring: V. UNAMBITIOUS. 

unassailable : 1, inexpugna- 
bilis: a heart soft and not u. by darts 
of Cupid, Cupidineis nec inexpugnabile 
telis cor, Ov. Trist. 4,10, 65. 2, invid- 
labilis: that you may not believe that 
these things are u., inviolabilia haec ne 
credas vigere, Lucr. §, 305. 3, tutus. 
Join: tuta et sancta, Auct. Dom. 42, 
1og. 4, invictus: asoul wu. by favour, 
invictus ad gratiam animus, Tac. A. 15, 
21: V. INACCESSIBLE, UNAPPROACHABLE, 
INVINCIBLE. 

unassailed : 1. 
Britannus, Hor. Epod. 4, 7: with leaves 
u., frondibus intactis, Ov. Nux, 46. 2, 
invidlatus: Hor. Od. 3, 4, 36. 8, tu- 
tus: ib. 17. 4. intéger: wu. places 
beyond the river, loca trans flumen in- 
tegra, Caes. B. C. 1, 49. 5, incdlimis 
(opp. to victus): Cic. Manil. 9, 25. 

oin: salvus incolumisque, id. Fin. 4, 
8, Ig: V. SAFE. 

unassigned: indivisus: let all the 
rest be treated as u., caetera omnia pro 
indiviso, Cato R. R. 137: Stat. Theb. 8, 
312: V. TO ASSIGN. 

unassisted ; Vv. UNAIDED. 

unassuaged: importtnus (poet.) : 
the u. thirst for money, argenti sitis im- 
portuna, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 23: v. UNAP- 
PEASED, CRAVING. Phr.: to be w., ae- 
gresco (to increase in violence), Virg. 
Aen. 12, 46. 

unassuming: 1, médestus: Cic. 
Plane.11,27. Join: modestus et frugi, 
Cic. Att. 13, 29. 9. modicus: a soul 
grasping in war, u. at home, belli ingens, 
domi modicus, Sall. Jug. 63: w. im dress, 
sparing in retinue, modica cultu, parca 
eomitatu, Plin. Pan. 83. 3. modérat- 
us: Cic. Font. 14, 30. 4, médiocris: 
the not u. soul of Jugurtha, Jugurthae 
non mediocris animus, Sall. Jug. 8: an 
u. wedding feast, mediocrium spon- 
salium coena, Plin. 9, 35, 58. 5, de- 
missus: Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 182. 6. 
hiimilis: w. dwellings, humiles casae, 
Virg. Ecl. 2, 29: v. HUMBLE, UNAMBI- 
TIOUS, UNPRETENDING. 

unassumingly : 1, médice: 
timidly and u., timide modiceque, Cic. 
Sull. 29, 80. Q, simpliciter: id. Arch. 
12, 32: V. MODESTLY. 


intactus: in. 


unassured: v- ASSURED, CERTAIN, 
UNCERTAIN. 
unattached: 1. liber, éra, érum: 


Joins ie solutique, Cic. Verr. 2, 78, 
8 





192. Q, vacuus (disengaged): a heart 
u., vacuum pectus, Ov. Am. 1, 26: Hor. 
Od. 1,5, 10: v. TO ATTACH, TO BIND. 

unattacked : v. UNASSAILED. 

unattainable: 1, arduus: Hor. 
Odessa: 9, expr. by. perficio, 
attingo, consequor, etc. with neg.: no- 
thing is u. for the Claudii, nil Claudiae 
non perficient manus, ib. 4,4, 73: lo pur- 
sue what is u., sequi quod assequi ne- 
queas, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110: if these things 
were U., Si haec neque attingere... pos- 
semus, id. Arch. 7, 17: Vv. %O ATTAIN, 
SURMOUNT, SURPASS. 

unattained : v. UNACCOMPLISHED. 

unattempted : 1, intentatus : 
Hor. A. P. 285. Q, inexpertus: Virg. 
Aen. 4, 415. 3, inausus: Join: 
inausus, intractatus, Virg. Aen. 8, 
205. 4, négatus (poet.): a way u., 
negata via, Hor. Od. 3, 2,22. Phr.: to 
leave u., expr. by praetermitto, omitto, 
etc.: I have left nothing u. to draw 
away Pompey..., Dibil praetermisi. .. 
quin Pompeium... avocarem, Cic. Phil. 
2, 10, 23: praetereo, Virg. Georg. 4, 148: 
omnia experior, Ter. Andr. 2, 1, 13: ex- 
periri nolo, Cic. Or. 1, 3: V. TO ATTEMPT, 
UNTRIED. 

unattended: 1. nidus: w. by 
relatives, nudus a propinquis, Cic. Red. 
Quir. 6, 16. 9. sdlus: walks wu. on 
the sand, sola in sicca spatiatur arena, 
Virg. Georg. 1, 389. 3, incdmitatus, 
sine cOmitibus: v. UNACCOMPANIED. 

4, expr. by a neg. phr.: u. by any 

danger, sine omni periculo, Ter. Andr. 
2, 3, 17: u. by paw, privata dolore, 
Lucr. 1, 60. Phr.: even if u. by dis- 
grace, etiam si nulla comitetur infamia, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60: Vv. TO ATTEND. 

unattested: |. Deficient in wit- 
mess: sine teste, Mart. I, 34, 4. I. 
Not founded on fact: v. UNAUTHEN- 
TICATED, TO ATTEST, TO WITNESS, WIT- 


NEss, subs. 

unattired : 1, incomtus: Ov. 
Met. 4, 261. 9, nudus: Virg. Georg. 
I, 299: V. UNADORNED, UNDRESSED. 

unauthenticated: 1. incertus: 
u. reports, incerti rumores, Caes. B. G. 
4. 5. 2. sine auctOre: w. reports, 
rumores sine auctore, Cic. Fam. 12, 9. 

3. ambiguus (doubtful): proles am- 

bigua, Virg. Aen. 3, 180. 4. com- 
menticius: to add authority to things 
u., auctoritatem commenticiis rebus ad- 
jungere, Cic. Div. 2, 55, 113. Phr.: owr 
story was u., certos auctores non habe- 
bamnus, id. Fam. 12, 8: fama nuntiabat 

. auctor erat nemo, ib. 4: lest the 
story should be u., ne parum esset auc- 
toritatis in fabula, id. Sen. 1, 3: that re- 
port was u., fabula rumor ille fuit, 
Ov. Met. 10, 561: to receive an wu. story 
as an ascertained fact, ut levem audi- 
tionem habeant pro re comperta, Caes, 
B. G. 7, 42: v. AUTHENTIC. 

unauthorised: 1. illicitus: illi- 
citae exactiones, Tac. A. 13, 51. 
inconcessus : wu. nuptials, inconcessi 
Hymenaei, Virg. Aen. 1, 651. By 
extra ordinem: Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 25. 
Phr.: that style of oratory was u., id 
genus dicendi auctoritatis habebat par- 
um, id. Brut. 95, 327: 1m @ manner u. 
by the supreme being, injussu impera- 
toris, id est, dei, id. Sen. 20, 73: v. TO 
AUTHORISE. 

unavailable: v. AVAILABLE. Phr.: 
these things are u., haec won sunt in 
nostra manu, Cic. Fam. 14, 2. 

unavailing: 1, inanis: wu. tears, 
inanes lacrimae, Virg. Aen. 4, 449: an 
u. service, inane munus, ib. 6, 886. 9. 
irritus; wu. darts, tela ir., ib. 2, 459. 

3. fiitilis: Cic. Div. 1, 19, 36. 4, 

vanus: ib.37. Phr.: an wu. dart, telum 
sine ictu, Virg. Aen. 2, 544: the remedy 
is u. against the dreaded dropsy, nec for- 
midatis auxiliatur (medicina) aquis, Ov. 
Pont. 1, 3, 24: Greek literature was u. 
to produce virtuous behaviour, ad vir- 
tutem nihil profuerunt, Sall. Jug. 85: v. 
USELESS. 

unavenged: inultus: Hor. Od. 1, 
28, 33. Join: impunitus atque inultus, 
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 16, 53. 





unaverted: ], irrétortus : to be- 
hold with u, eye, oculo irretorto spectare, 
Hor. Od. 2, 2, 23. 2. inconversus: 
with u, eyes, inconversis (al. inconnivis) 
oculis, Apul. Met. 2, 22, p. 124, Elm.° 
Vv. TO AVERT. 
unavoidable: v. INEVITABLE. 
unavoided: indévitatus: Ov. Met. 
2, 605: Vv. TO AVOID. 
unavowed: 1, caecus: c. ignis, 
Virg. Aen 4, 2. 2. furtivus: f 
amor, ib. 171. 3. obsctrus: Cic. 
Fam. 13, 70: v. TO AVOW, TO CONCEAL, 
TO HIDL. 
unavowedly: 1, clam: Liv. 31, 
47. 2. obsctire: Cic. Clu. 19, 54. 
3. expr. by adj. or part.: there 
were some who u. mocked..., qui preces 
occulti illuderent, ‘Tac. A. 3, 29: wu. they 
were glad, occulti laetabantur, ib. 4, 12: 
V. SECRETLY. 
unawakened : _oppressus somno, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 38. Phr.: memory lies 
prostrate and u. in sleep, meminisse 
jacet, languetque sopore, Lucr. 4, 669 : 
v. TO SLEEP. 
unaware: 1, inscius: inscia 
Dido, Virg. Aen. 1, 718. 2. nescius: 
nor was I u., neque eram 0., Cic. Fam. 
5, 12. 8. ignarus: the people being 
u. what was going on, ignaro populo 
quid ageretur, id. Red. Sen. 7, 18. 
unawares: |. nm reference to 
the actitself: 1, improviso: that they 
had broken into the camp u., improviso 
eos in castra irrupisse, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 
50. 2. de improviso: on whom they 
may fall u., in quos de i. incidant, id, 
Rose. Am. 52, 151. 3. indpinato: 
when the Numidians had broken u. into 
the camp, quum i. in castra...Numidae 
irrupissent, Liv. 26, 6. 4, inspérato: 
Pl. Stich. 2, 2, 31. Il. J” reference to 
a person or thing that is not aware: 
1, impridens: that no attack might 
be made on the soldiers u. (t.e. not ex- 
pecting it): ne quis imprudentibus mi- 
litibus impetus fieri posset, Caes. B. G. 
3, 29: lest his ships might fall u. upon 
the fleet of the enemy, ne casu impru- 
dentes suae naves in classem... inci- 
derent, Hirt. B. Afr. 11. 2, indpinans: 
having attacked them u., eos inupinantes 
aggressus, Caes. B. G. 1, 12. 8, in- 
cautus: overcomes him secretly u. (i. e. 
unprepared): clam ferro incautum su- 
perat, Virg. Aen. 1, 350. Join: in- 
cautus atque imparatus, Caes, B. G. 6, 
30. 
unawed: v. UNABASHED, UNDAUNT- 
ED, UNMOVED. 
unbacked (by friends): v. UNSUP- 
PORTED. 
unbaffled: j. indéjectus: v. Ov. 
Met. 1, 289. 2, invictus, Liv. 22, 26. 
Phr.: w. by repulse, repulsae nescius, 
Hor. Od. 3, 2, 17. 
unbaked: _1. crudus (of bricks): 
u. brick, c. later, Col. 9, I, 2. 2, non 
coctus (0f food): v. Vitruv. 2, 5. 
unbaptized: 1, non baptizatus: 
Aug. de An. 1, 9 (11). 2, sine bap- 
tismo, ib. to (12). Phr.: as yet uw, 
necdum regeneratus in Christo, Sulp. 
Sev. 2, 8: Vv. TO BAPTIZE. 
unbar: 1, réséro, 1: wehaveu.’d 
the gates to the enemy, portas reseravi- 
mrs hosti, Ov. A. A. 3, 577: a gate u.’d, 
reserata porta, id. Fast. 2, 455. ye 
laxo, 1: Sinon u.s the fastenings, laxat 
claustra, Virg. Aen. 2, 259: repagula 
laxo, Lucan Phars. 1, 295. 3, rélaxo: 
Ov. Am. 1, 6,17. 4, pesstilos rédiico : 
Apul. Met. 1, 14, p. 108, Elm. 5. 
remitto, misi, missum, 3: the doors u.’d, 
fores remissae, Petron. 16, Phr.: the 
doors u.’d themselves, fores clausae re- 
pagulis se ipsae aperuerunt, Cic. Div. 1, 
34, 74. 
unbearable: Vv. INTOLERABLE. 
unbearably: v. INTOLERABLY. 
unbecoming: _ 1, indécorus: (1.) 
externally : not w. dust, non indecorus 
pulvis, Hor. Od. 2, 1,22. — (ii.) morally: 
what is disgraceful 18 Uu, quou varpe, 
indecorum est, Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94. 2. 
indécor or indécoris : Caen u. as 
to race, genus indecores, Virg. Aen. 12, 25- 


UNBECOMINGLY 


UNBLEMISHED 


UNBRIDLED 





(ii.) morally : whose life is w., cujus sit 
vita indecoris, Acc. ap. Non. Mare. p. 
88. 8, indécens: an wu. nose, i nasus, 
art.2, 11,4. 4, inhdnestus (meton. 
of moral qualities, applied to physical): 
an u. wound, inhonestum vulnus, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 497. §, turpis, ¢ : more u. (i.e. 
less becoming), turpior, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 4. 
6, déformis: u. movement, motus 
deformis, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35. Join: 
defurmis atque turpis, id. Off. 1, 35, 126. 
7. indignus (uirsuitable to purpose, 
or to condition of life): it seems not u. 
... to relate, non indignum videtur .... 
memwvrare, Sall. Jug. 79: in an u. man- 
ner, indignum in modum, Liv. 29, 9. 
8. illibéralis (mean, low): opp. te 
ingenuus: facilis est distinctio ingenui 
et flliberalis joci, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104. 
9, parom vérécundus: u. words, 
verba parum verecunda, Quint. 10, 1, 9. 
10, alicénus, with object expr.: nor 
do they think it u. their high condition, 
neque hoc alienum ducunt majestate sua, 
Cic. Div. 1, 38, 83: wu. one’s dignity, 
alienum dignitatis, id. Fin. 1, 4, 11: 
Phr.: it is not u. an orator to pretend, 
oratorem simulare non dedecet, id. Tusc. 
4, 25, 54: if uny thing be u. in others, 
si quid dedeceat in aliis, id. Off. I, 41, 
146: Vv. TO BECOME, TO SUIT, UNWORTHY, 
UNSUITABLE, UNCOUTH. 
unbecomingly : 1, indécore : 
Cic. Off. 1, 4, 14. 9. indécenter : 
Mart. 12, 22, 1. 8. turpiter (exter- 
nally): Hor. A. P. 3. 4. inhoneste 
(al. moleste): Cic. Att. 2, 1, 7. Expr. 
also by adj. with in modum, as in UN- 
BECOMING, 7: VY. DISCREDITABLY, DIS- 
GRACEFULLY. 
unbecomingness: _ 1, indignitas: 
to surpass slaves in w., indignitate servos 
vincere, Cic. Verr. 4, 50,112. Q, turpi- 
tido: lest elated by pleasure we jall 
into any u., ne....elati voluptate in 
aliquam turpitudinem delabamur, id. Off. 
I, 29, 104. 3. invérécundia: Tertull. 
Poen. 6, extr.: Vv. UNBECOMING. 
unbefitting: Vv. UNBECOMING, UN- 
SUITABLE. 
unbefriended: _1. desertus suis, 
Tac. A. 3,20. 2, nudus a propinquis, 
Cic. Quir. Red. 6, 16. 8, inops ab 
amicis, Auct. Dom. 22, 58. 4, orbus: 
they will not be u., orbi non erunt, 
Cie. Q. F. 1, 3, extr. Phr.: not u. by 
the gods, non sine dis, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 20: 
V. DESTITUTE, FRIENDLESS. 
unbegotten;: nullo generatus ortu, 
Cic. Univ. 2: v. UNBORN. 
unbelief: 1, incrédilitas: Apul. 
Met. 1, 20, p. 111, Eim.: Vulg. Hebr. iii. 
19. 9. infidélitas: Aug. Serm. 44, I. 
Phr.: heathens believe by w., non cre- 
dendo credunt, Tertull. Carn. Christ. 15: 
¥. DISTRUST, DOUBTFULNESS. 
unbeliever: 1, infidélis: Prosp. 
Ep. ad Ruf. c. 7: ap. Aug. vol. to, p. 1796. 
2. ethnicus: Tertull. Carn. Christ. 
15. 3. scepticus, Quint. 10, I, 124: u.s, 
oxerteuxot, Gell. 11, 5. Phr.: J was 
always an U., Nunquam sum adductus 
ut crederem, Cic. Brut. 26, 100. 
unbelieving: 1, incrédiilus : 
Hor. P. 188. Q. infidélis: Vulg. 
1 Cor. vii. 14. Phr.: obstinately wu, 
contra veritatem obstinatus, Quint. 12, 
I, Io. 
unbeloved: 


1, inimatus (late): 
SS eee ye 


illaudatus: Virg. 
Georg. 3,5. 98, exdsus (late in pass. 
use); Gell. 2, 18, Io. 4, haud in- 
visus, Virg. Aen. I, 387: V. UNAMIABLE. 
unbend (both in lit. and fig. sense): 
1, remitto, misi, missum, } (of a 
twig): Cic. Div. 1, 54,123: having un- 
bent his bow, remisso arcu, Hor. Od. 3, 
24, 67. 9. laxo, 1: if you have un- 
bent (your bow), si laxaris (areum), 
Phaedr. 3, 14, 11: to w. the minds of 
the judges, 1. judicum animos, Cic. Brut. 
63, 322. 3, rélaxo, 1: wu. your bow, 
relaxa arcus, Sen. Ag. 322: wu. your 
mind, animos, Cic. Brut. 5, 21. 4. 
rétendo, di, sn™ end tum, 3: an unbent 
bow, arcus retensus, Phaedr. 3, 14, 5: 
arcius retenti, Ov. Met. 3, 166. 5. 
corrigo, rexi, rectum, 3: no one could u. 











Milo’s grasp, nemo digitum corrigebat 
(Miloni), Plin. 7, 20, 19. 

unbending (stiff, stubborn): 1 
Tigidus: with u. mind, rigida mente, 
Ov. Her. 3, 96. 92. rectus: Hor. Od. 
4,9, 5 8. inflexibilis: u. obstinacy, 
i. obstinatio, Plin. Ep. 10, 9. 
atrox, Ocis (poet.): the u. soul of Cato, 
atrox animus Catonis, Hor. Od. 2, 1, 24. 
V. INFLEXIBLE, STUBBORN. 

untent: Vv. UPRIGHT, STRAIGHT. 

unbeneficed ; nun beneficiarius: v. 
Veget. Mil. 2, 7. 

unbestowed: Vv. To BESTOW. 

unbetrothed: Vv. To BETROTH. 

unbewailed: v. UNLAMENTED. 

unbewitch: effascinatione libero, 
solvo, levo: v. Plin. 19, 4,1y: Vv. TO DIS- 


ENCHANT. 
unbiassed : 1. simplex, icis: 
Cic. Fam. 1,9. 2, liber (as lawyers) : 
Join: liberi solutique ad causus venie- 
bant, id. Verr. 2, 78, 192. 8. incor- 
ruptus (as witnesses): Join. incor- 
Tupti atque integri testes, id. Fin. 1, 21, 
71. 4, vacuus, with abl. of passion: 
u. by friendship, etc., odio, amicitia, 
ira, atque misericordia vacui, Sall. Cat. 
51. 5, eine ira et studio: Tac. A. 1, 
1. Phr.: the more u. the speech seemed 
to be, quo minus cupiditatis ac studii 
visa est oratio habere, Liv. 24, 28: to be 
u., nulla gratia, nulla hominum caritate 
teneor, Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 124: neque ira 
neque gratia teneor, ib. 1, 17, 44: V. 
IMPARTIAL, BIAS (Subs.), TO BIAS. 
unbidden: 1. injussus: the goats 
come u. to the pails, injussae veniunt ad 
mulctra capellae, Hor. Epod. 16, 49. 
2, invdcitus: notions come u., in- 
vocatae veniunt imagines, Cic. N. D. 1, 
38, 108. 3. expr. by injussu (with- 
out orders): he desired him not to begin 
the battle u., ne injussu pugnam incipiat, 
Liv. 4, 32. 4, sponte: v. UNASKED, 
ACCORD. 
unbigoted: liber religione, Liv. 2, 
36: V. BIGOT, BIGOTED. 
unbind: 1, solvo, vi, itum, 3: 
u. me, boys, solvite me pueri, Virg. Ecl. 
6, 24. 9. dissolvo, 3: threads not to 
be unbound, stamina non dissoluenda, 
Tibull. 1, 8, 2. 8. résolvo, 3: Ov. 
Ai TAS 35 22- 4, réviucio, xi. ctum, 4 
(usu. to bind or tie behind): Col. 1, 10, 
16. 5, réligo, 1 (to loosen a rope): 
funem r., Catull. Epith. Pel. 174: to un- 
harness: Cybele us the yokes, religat 
juga, id. Atys, 83. 6, laxo, 1: the 
Jiclds u, their folds, laxant arva sinus, 
Virg. Georg. 2, 331. 7, relaxo, 1: 
u. the ruthless bonds, immitia claus- 
tra relaxa, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 17. 8, dis- 
jungo, xi, ctum, 3: to unharness cattle, 
Col 6, 14, 5: Vv. TO UNYOKE, TO UNDO, TO 
UNTIE, UNBOUND, TO BIND. 
unbitted: v. UNBROKEN. 
unblameable: v. BLAMELESS, IRRE- 
PROACHABLE. 
unblameably : v. mRREPROACHABLY. 
unblamed: inculpatus: Ov. Met. 
9, 671 Vv. BLAMELESS, UNCENSURED. 
unbleached: perb. criidus: v. To 
BLEACH. 
unblemished: chiefly in morals, 
but also in reference to bodily defect: 
1, purus: Hor. S. 2, 3, 213. 2. 
insons: Pl. Amph. 3,1,9. Join: pu- 
rus et insons, Hor. S. 1, 6, 69. 8. in- 
téger: i. vitae, id. Od. 1, 22, 1: integra 
Diana, ib. 3, 4, 70. Join: integer et 
sanctus, Cic.: homines integri. innocen- 
tes, religiosi, id. 4, intaéminatus: 
Hor. Od. 3,2, 18. 5, incontaminatus - 
Live 4, 2. 6, incorruptus: Hor. Od. 
I, 24, 7 7, intactus. u. by infamy, 
in'amia intactus, Liv. 38, 51. 8, im- 
polliittus: Sil. 13, 679. 9. immaci- 
latus: Lucan 2, 736. 10. castus : 
u. in morals, c. moribus, Mart. 6, 28, 
6. Join: purissima et castissima vita, 
Cic. Rose. Com. 6, 17. ll, titus: 
u. modesty, pudicitia tuta, Tac. A. 2, 9. 
12, illibatus : (i.), Morally : to 
have preserved the glory of the Germans 
u., illibatam Germanorum gloriam ser- 
vavisse, ib. 46. (ii.), Physically : eggs 
preserve thet soundness u., illibatam 


4, | 


servant integritatem, Col. 8, 11, 9. 13. 
inndcens: Cic. Rose. Am. 20, §5. 14. 
sine vitiis, Hor. S. 1, 3, 68. 15. vitiis 
remotus: id. A. P. 384. 16. sine labe 
(in morals): Ov. Her. 19, 14. 
unblemished, to be: 
careo (in personal application): id. 
Met. 15, 130. 2. menda, or mendo 
careo: the face is u., mendo facies caret, 
Ov. A. A. 3, 261. Phr.: the whole 
body was u., in toto nusquam corpore 
menda fuit, id. Am. 1, 5, 18: we ought 
to be u., hance maculam nos decet effu- 
gere, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 31: V. BLEMISHED, 
UNSTAINED, UNSPOTTED. 
unblended: v. uNMIxED. 
unbl-st; UNFORTUNATE, UNHAPPY. 
unbloody: 1, incruentus: Sall. 
Jug. 92. 2. incruentatus: Uv. Met. 
12,497: V. BLOODLESS. 
unblushing: |. mm gen.: ¥. TO 
BLUSH. I]. Jn bad sense: 1, im- 
pidicus: the u. impudence of Clodius, 
Clodii impudica impudentia, Cic, Har- 
usp. I, I. 2. exsanguis: Join: ex- 
sanguis et ferrea frons, Plin. Paneg. 35. 
3. attritus: an u. brow, attrita 
frons, Juv. 13, 242. Phr.: with u. im- 
pudence (i. e. with hardened counten- 
ance), quum pertfricuit frontem posuit- 
que pudorem, Mart. 11, 28, 7: ¥. TO 
HARDEN, SHAMELESS, 
unbolt: v. TO UNBAR. 
unborn : nondum natus: v. TO BRAR, 
BORN, TO BE. Phr.: the joyof the child 
yet u., futuri pignoris gloria, Apul. Met. 
§, 11, p. 164, Elm. 
unborrowed: indébitus (not owed) : 
Pomp. ap. Dig. 12,6, 7. Phr.: (to gain 
a thing) with u. means, \. e. by one’s own 
pover, Marte nostro, Cic. Off. 3, 7, 34: 
since with u. means you abound in these 
things, quum vestro Marte his rebus 
abundetis, id. Verr. 3, 4,9: ¥. TO BORROW, 
TO LEND, UNAIDED. 
unbosom: 1, pat@facio, {éci, tuc- 
tum, 3: / u.’d myself entirely to Theu- 
das, Theudae... totum me patefec!, Cic 
Fam. 6, 10. 2. apério, ui, tum, 4: he 
u.s the secrets of his heart, aperit secreta 
pectoris, Tac. Germ. 22: Hey u. them- 
selves under compulsion, coacti se aperi- 
unt, Ter. Andr. 4, 1, 8. 8. effundo, 
fiidi, flsum, 3: J have u.’d to you all 
my feelings, effudi vobis omnia quae 
sentiebam, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159. 4. 
détégo, xi, ctum, 3: J u. to you my in- 
most feclings, intimos affectus detego, 
Sen. Ep. 96, 1. Phr.: no one attempts 
to u. himself, nemo in sese tentat de- 
scendere, Pers. 4, 23: V. TO OPEN, TO 
REVEAL. 
unbought: 1, inemptus: wu. 
dishes, dapes inemptae, Virg. Georg. 4, 
133. 9. gratuitus: u. voles, gratuita 
suffragia, Cic. Planc. 22, $4. 3. sine 
mercede : Phaedr. 4, prol. g. 
unbound: |. in gen.: Vv. TO 
BIND, TO UNBIND. I]. As hair: i 
sdlitus: Hor. Od. 3, 4, 62. 2, pan- 
sus, 07 passus, part. of pando: Caes. 
B. G. 7,48. 8, démissus: Prop. 2, 19, 
36: V. DISHEVELLED, LOOSE. lil. Asa 
book: in fasciculos non colligatus: v. 
Plin. 19, 1, 3. 
unbounded: 1, immensus: u. 
desive of praise, landum immensa cu- 
pido, Virg. Aen. 6, 824. 2. intinitus : 
u. authorily, intinitum imperium, Cic. 
Verr. 3, 91, 213. 8, effiisus: u. joy, 
effusa laetitia, Liv. 35, 43: Vv. BOUND- 
LESS. 
unbridled: |. J gen. and fig. 
sense : 1, infrénis, e: an wu. horse, 
infrenis equus, Virg. Aen. 10, 750: an 
u. tongue, i. lingua, Gell. 1, 1§, 17. 2. 
infrénus: the u. Numidians (i. e. not 
using bridles), infreni Numidae, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 41. 3, intréniitus: horsemen 
bridled and u., equites frenati et in- 
frenati, Liv. 21, 44: see above (2). 4, 
effrénus: Virg. Georg. 3, 382. 5, ef- 
frénatus: u. horses, effrénati equi, Liv. 
o, 40: wu. lust, libido effrenata, Cic, 
Cluent.6,15. 6, liver habcnis (poet.) 
Stat. Theb. 6, 312. I]. Fig. (only) 
1. effiisus: wu. license, effusa licentia, 
Liv. 44, I- 9. — u. de- 
te] 


1. labe 


UNBROKEN 





sire, immoderata cupido, Ov. Pont. 4, 15, 
31. 8, incontinens: w. hands, incon- 
tinentes manus, Hor. Od. 1, 17, 26. . 
intempérans: i. lingua, Apul. Met. 1, 8, 
p. 105, Elm.: v. LAWLESS, IMMODERATE. 
unbroken: |. in gen. sense: 
1, irruptus: an wu. bond, irrupta 
copula, Hor. Od. 1, 13, 18. 2, intéger: 
the u. skin, integra pellis, Virg. Georg. 
4, 302. 3, continuus (continuous) : 
an wu. series, continua series, Plin. 7, 41, 
42. 4, perpétuus: an wu. history, 
perpetua historia, Cic, Fam. 5, 12, med. : 
Vv. ENTIRE, SOUND, WHOLE. Il. Of a 
horse : 1, inddmitus : i. equus, Auct. 
ad Her. 4, 46, 59. 9. intractatus : 
Join: equus intractatus et novus, Cic. 
Am. 19, 68. 3, nondum subactus: 
Hor. Od. 2, §, 1: V. UNTAMED, TO BREAK. 
unbrotherly; non fraternus: v. 
BROTHERLY. Phr.: letters written in 
an u. style, epistolae non fraterne scrip- 
tae, Cic. Q. F. 1, 2, 7. 
unbruised: v. soUND (adj.), UNHURT. 


unbuckle: 1, diffibiilo, 1: Stat. 
Theb. 6, 563. 9, réfibiilo, 1: Mart. 
9, 28, 12. 8, fibulam laxo, 1: Ter- 


tull. Cor. 11: v. TO UNFASTEN, TO UNDO, 
TO UNTIE. 
unbuilt: v. To BUILD. 
unburden: 1. (onus) solvo, vi, 
utum, 3: Mart. 13,29,2. 2, (onus) 
adlévo, 1: Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, Io. By 
(onus) explico, avi and ui, atum or 
itum,1: Suet.Dom.12. 4, exdnéro,1: 
to u. a ship, e. navem, PI. Stich. 4, 1, 26: 
to wu. one’s conscience, e. conscientiam, 
Curt. 6, 8,12. Phr.: wu. yourself to me, 
committe curas auribus meis, Sen. Hip- 
pol. 605: (Ihave many troubles) of which 
I think IT could u. myself..., quae mibi 
videor, unius ambulationis sermone ex- 
haurire posse, Cic. Att. I, 18, 1: Vv. TO 
BELIEVE, TO UNLOAD, TO UNBOSOM. 
unburied: 1, inhimatus: 
Div. 2, 69, 143: Virg. Aen. 6, 325. =, 
insépultus: Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11. 3, na- 
dus (poet.): Virg. Aen. 5, 871. Phr.: 
the u. body of Galba, neglectum Galbae 
corpus, Tac. H. 1, 49: V. BURIED. 
unburnt: ]. inconsumtus: Ov. 
Met. 7, 592. 9. inustus (late in this 
sense): Lucan 8, 786. 3, criidus (un- 
burnt brick): Col. 9,1,2. Phr.: verses 
are u. (escape the flames), diffugiunt 
avidos carmina rogos, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 28: 
Vv. TO BURN. 
unbutton: dilorico, 1: wv. a shirt, 
tunicam d., Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124: u. a 
coat, vestem d., App. Met. 6, p. £77. 
uncalled: non vécatus, invécatus: 
Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 108: V. UNBIDDEN, TO 
CALL. 
uncancelled: non delétus, non in- 
ductus : v. TO CANCEL. 
uncandid: parum sincérus: parum 
candidus: v. CANDID, SINCERE, 
uncanonical; non candnicus: M. L. 
uncared for: _ 1, neglectus: Cic. 
Fin. 3, 20, 66, 9. vastus: waste by 
nature and u. for by mam, vastus ab 
natura et humano cultu, Sall. Jug. 48. 
8. inciiratus: Vopisc. Aurel. 28. 
uncarpeted: instratus: Virg. Georg. 
3, 230: v. ib. 298. 
uncase: V. TO UNCOVER. 
uncaught: non captus: v. TO CATCH. 
uncaused: Phr.: that nothing can 
happen u., nihil posse evenire, nisi causa 
antecedente, Cic. Fat. 15, 34: v. TO 
CAUSE. 
unceasing : ? V. INCESSANT, INCES- 
unceasingly : § SaNTLY. 
unceiled: Vv. CEILED, CEILING. 
_uncensured: _ 1, citra reprehen- 
sionem, Quint. 1, 5, 6. 9. notae 
exemptus: he was allowed to pass w., 
notae destinatae exemptus est, Gell. 4, 
29, 9: V. TU BLAME, TO CENSURE. 
unceremonious;: Vv. CEREMONIOUS, 
RUDE. 
uncertain: |. incertus: when J 
was u. where you were, quum incertus 
essem, ubi esses, Cic. Att. 1, 9: u. in 
mind, i. animi, Ter. Hee. 1, 2, 46. OM 
dabius: Jam w. what to do, d.sum quid 
faciam, Hor. S..1, 9, 40: u. in mind, 
animi dubius, Virg. Georg. 3, 289. 
888 


Cic. 


UNCHANGEABLE 


UNCHASTE 





anceps, cipitis: u. whether Lucanian or 
Apulian, Lucanus an Appulus, anceps, 
Hor. S. 2, 1, 34: elephants are an u. 
race ( fickle in temper), est genus anceps, 
Liv. 27, 14. Join: incertus exitus 
et anceps fortuna belli, Cic. Mare. 5, 15. 
4, ambiguus: fortune wanders with 
u, steps, passibus ambiguis errat, Ov. 
Trist. 5, 8, 16: a boy of u. disposition 
(not developed), ambigui ingenii, Plin. 
Ep. 4,2. 5, lévis,e: it is seen how u. 
they are, perspiciuntur quam sint leves, 
Cic. Am. 17, 63: women are of wu. mind, 
mulieres sunt.. levi sententia, Ter. Hec. 
Brkwusze 6. mobilis, e: the wills of 
kings are u.,regiae voluntates.. mobiles, 
Sall. Jug. 113. 7, inconstans: the wu. 
winds, inconstantes venti, Plin. 18, 35, 
80. 8, districtus (perplexed): you 
seem to me to be u., districtus mibi 
videris esse, Cic. Fam. 2, 15. Phr.: w. 
in meaning, suspensa et obscura verba, 
ac AS 2, 13. 
uncertain, to be: 1, pendeo, pé- 
pendi, sum, 2: your mind is u., animus 
tibi pendet, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 19: Jam very 
u., Vehementer animi pendeo, Cic. Fam. 8, 
5: we are u., pendemus animis, id. ‘l'usc. 
I, 40, 96. 9, haereo, haesi, sum, 2: 
the scoundrel was u., haerebat nebulo, 
id. Phil. 2, 29, 74. 3, aestuo, TL: ae- 
stuabat, dubitatione, id. Verr. 2, 30, 74. 
4, vacillo,1: the whole affair is u., 
tota res vacillat, id. N. D. 1, 38, 107. 
5, diibito, 1: about which you may 
be wu. whether..., quod dubites, aequum 
sit an iniquum, id. Off. 1,9, 30. Phr.: 
he was of wu. health both in mind and 
body, valetudo neque corporis neque ani- 
mi constitit, Suet. Calig. 50: the fortune 
of war is u. (may incline to either side), 
omnis belli Mars communis, Cic. Fam. 
6, 4: so that it might be regarded as 
u., uti.. in incerto haberetur, Sall. Jug. 
46: very u., perincertus, Sall. Frag. ap. 
Gell. 18, 4, 4: V. CERTAIN, FICKLE, IN- 
CONSTANT, UNSTEADY,. 
uncertainly : 1, incerte: our 
mind wanders u., incerte errat animus, 
Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 20, 12. 2. incerto: 
Pl. Pseud. 4, 2,7. Join: insolenter et 
raro, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 43: V- RANDOM, AT. 
uncertainty : 1, diibitatio: if 
that compact admits of any u., si foedus 
illud habet aliquam dubitationem, Cic. 
Apr. Ty 4k 9. lévitas: constant 
in its own u., constans in levitate sua, 
Ov. Trist. 5, 8, 18. 3, inconstantia: 
Join: inconstantia et temeritas, Cic. 
N. D. 3, 24, 59. 4, téméritas: ib. 32, 
82. 5, expr. by incertum: will be 
recalled to doubt and u., in dubium in- 
certumque revocabuntur, id. Caecin. 27, 
76: it was a matter of u., in incerto 
erat, Sall. Jug. 38. 6, so by dubium : 
while the mind is in u.,dum in dubio 
est animus, Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 32. 
——, to be in: V. UNCERTAIN, TO BE. 
unchain: A. With direct obj. of 
person or thing: v. TO RELEASE, TO UN- 
BIND. B. Expr. by solvo, etc., with 
catenam, vinculum, etc. 1, exsolvo, 
vi, soliitum, 3: they wu. Caecina, catenas 
Caecinae exsolvunt, Tac. H. 3, 31. OF. 
adimo, émi, emptum, 3: they w. the dogs, 
vincula adimunt canibus, Ov. Met. 8, 
332. 8, démo, empsi, emptum, 3: w. 
him, catenas demito, Pl. Capt. 1, 2, 3. 
4, détriho, xi, ctum, 3: she will 
herself w.her snowy foot, vincla de niveo 
detrahet ipsa pede, Tibull. 1, 6, 30. 
Phr.: Priam orders him to be u.’d, 
levari vincla jubet Priamus, Virg. Aen. 
2, 146: they u. themselves, se ex catenis 
eximunt, Pl. Men. 1, 1, 8: v. TO LOOSE, 
TO REMOVE. 
unchangeable: 1, immitabilis, e: 
u. causes, causae immutabiles, Cic. Fat. 
12, 28. 9, immitatus: id. Inv. 2, 53, 
162. 3, certus: Join: stabilis cer- 
taque sententia, id. N. D. 2, 1, 2: id cer- 
tum atque obstinatum est, Liv. 2, 15. 
4, stabilis,e: Join: stabile, fixum, 
ratum, Cic. Acad. 4, 9, 27: stabile et 
firmum, id. Fin. 2, 27, 86. 5, im- 
motus: fixed and w., fixum immotum- 
que, Virg. Aen. 4, 15. 6, constans: 


3. | u. fidelity, constans fides, Hor. Od. 3, 7, 








4. Join: firmi, et stabiles, et con- 
stantes (amici), Cic. Am. 17, 62. rh 
immobilis, e: wu. loyalty, i. pietas erga 
principem, Suet. Vitell. >. 8, ratus, 
part. of reor: the u. order of the stars, 
rati astrorum ordines, Cic, N. D. 2, 38, 
97. 9, perpétuus: Join: peren- 
hes atque perpetui cursus stellarum, ib, 
D2 Te 55 10. indéclinabilis, e (late) : 
an u. spirit, animus i., Sen. Ep. 66, 13. 
Phr.: the man of wu. purpose, vir tenax 
propositi, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 1: nothing is u., 
nihil semper suo statu manet, Cic. N. D. 
I, 12, 29: V. ONE, SAME, CONSTANT, 
ETERNAL. 

unchangeableness : 
tas: V. IMMUTABILITY. 

unchangeably : 1, constantis- 
sime (most regularly): Cic. X. PD. 2, 38, 
97. 2. perpétuo: O fortune, how art 
thou never u. favourable, ut nunquam 
perpetuo es bona, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 46: v. 
ALWAYS, CONTINUALLY. 

unchanged: 1, immitatus: Ter. 
Andr. 1, 5, 8. 2. perpétuus: wu. good 
fortune, perpetua felicitas, Cic. Brut. 1, 
4. 3, indéflexus: w. ripeness of age 
(i.e. not altered by time), indeflexa 
Maturitas aetatis, Plin. Pan. 4. Join: 
indeflexus et certus et status, Apul. De. 
Soer. 2, p. 42, Elm. 4, certus: anu. 
position, certa sedes, Hor. Od. 1, 13, 6. 

5, intéger: while opinion is u., 
dum existimatio est integra, Cic. Quint. 
15, 49. - 

——, to be, to remain: 1. 
mianeo, Mansi, Mansum, 2: my opinion 
is u., maneo in sententia, Cic. Att. 9, Lo, 
extr. 2, permaneo: not even the cul- 
tivation of the soil will remain u, ne 
agri quidem cultus permanebit, id. Am. 
7, 23: Ishall remain u. in my original 
opinion, in mea pristina sententia per- 
manebo, id. Att. 1,20. 8, sédeo, sédi, 
sessum, 2: the old love has remained u., 
vetus in pectore sedit amor, Ov. Rem. 
108. 4, consto, stiti, statum or stitum, 
t: so that his countenance did not re- 
main u., ut non vultus ei constaret, Liv. 
39,34. 5, persto: there ts nothing in 
the whole world which can remain u., 
nihil est quod toto perstet in orbe, Ov. 
Met. 15, 177- 6. daro, 1: the taste 
remains u., sapor durat, Quint. 1, I, 5. 
Phr.: the price of corn remained u., 
annona nihil mutavit, Liv. 5, 13: she 
remains u. either in dress or place, illa 
se non habitu mutatve loco, Hor. S. 2, 9, 
64: the state of morals being uniform, 
the laws u., unis moribus et nunquam 
mutatis legibus, Cic. Flacc. 26, 63: Vv. 
CHANGELESS, UNVARYING, TO CHANGE, 

unchanging: Vv. UNCHANGED. 

uncharitable : 1,_malignus : 
Hor. Od. 2, 16, 40. 9. malus: an u. 
opinion, mala opinio, Cic, Verr. 2, 3, 24. 
9. acerbus: id. N. D. 3, 31, 77 
3. iniquus: id. Plane. 16, 4o. 
immiséricors: id. Inv. 2, 36, 108. 5, 
inhtimanus: Ter. Kun. 5, 2, 41. Phr.: 
to put an u. construction upon anything, 
aliquid deteriorem in partem interpre- 
tari, after Cic. Mur. 31, 64: aliquid male 
interpretari, id. N. D. 3, 31,77: V. CHA= 
RITABLE, UNKIND, HARSH, SEVERE. 
uncharitableness: discordia: in- 


immiutabili- 


himauitas: Vv. MALICE, UNKINDNESS, 
ILL-WILL, 

uncharitably : 1, inbumane: 
Cic. Off. 3, 6, 30. 9. malé: to ine 


terpret wu. male interpretor: v. UNe 
CHARITABLE. 3. immiséricorditer ¢ 
Join: im., illibéraliter, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 
29. 4, expr. by adj., as malignus, 
Hor. Od. 1, 28, 23: Vv. UNCHARITABLE, 
also CHARITABLY, KINDLY, UNKINDLY. 
unchaste: 1, impudicus: u 
women, mulieres impudicae, Cic. Cat. 2, 
5, 10. 2 incestus: id. Harusp. 3, 4: 
not u. but unguarded Love, non incestus, 
sed incustoditus amor, Tac. A. 12, 4. 
3. libidindsus (lustful): w. affec- 
tions, libidinosi amores, Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 


71. 4, lascivus (licentious, in bad 
sense): 2%. boolrs, tascivi heli, Mart, 
5, 2, 5: w. gests, 1. joci, Macrob. Sat. 
2,6,1. §, impurus: (of bad character 


in general): Cic. Phil. 3,6, 15, Join: 





UNCHASTELY 


impuri impudicique, id. Cat. 2, 10, 23. | 


6. obscénus: u, pleasures, obscenae 
voluptates, id. N. D. 1, 40, 111. 1 
protervus (wanton: in bad sense): with 
u. eyes, oculis protervis, Ov. Her. 17, 
17- 8, illicitus (unlawful): i. amor, 
Tare AS 52,5. 9, niidus (unveiled, 
indecent): u. jokes, sales nudi, Mart. 
5, 2, 4. 10. adulter: adultera virgo, 
Ov. Her. 6, 133. 11, stupri plenus : 
Cic. Red. Sen. 6, 13. 12, parum 
castus, Hor. Od. 1, 13, 59: V. CHASTE, 
ADULTEROUS, UNCLEAN, IMPURE. 

unchastely : 1, inceste: Luer. 
1, impiidice: Join: im- 
pudicissime et obscenissime, Eutrop. 8, 
22. 3. impire: Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60. 
Phr.: to live u,, vitam impuram agere : 
v. UNCHASTE. 


unchastity: 14, impiidicitia: PI. 


Pers. 2, 2, 11: Suet. Aug. 71. 9, stu- 
prum: Hor. Od. 4, 5, 21. 3, obscénitas 
(impurity) : Cic. Fam. 9, 22. 4, las- 


civia (lax’ty, wantonness) : Suet. Cal. 
36. 5,  bido (lust): Cic. Verr. 3, 2, 
4. 6, incestum: id. Tusc. 4, 35, 75. 
7. incestus, is: id. Brut. 32, 122: 
V. ADULTERY, FORNICATION, IMPURITY. 
unchecked: liber: an u. custom of 
sinning, consuetudo peccandi libera, 
Cic. Verr. 3,76, 177: V. TO CHECK, FREE, 
UNBRIDLED, UNRESTRAINED. 
unchewed: non mandicatus: v. ro 
cHEW. Phr.: to swallow u. cales, to- 
tas absorbere placentas, Hor. S. 2, 8, 24: 
Vv. ENTIRE, RAW. 
unchristian: impius (gen. term): 
*quod non decet Christianum (Kr.): vy. 
UNBELIEVER, INHUMAN, UNKIND. 
unchurch: *Christianorum grege 
excipio: répiidio: Christianum esse ne- 
£0: Vv. TO EXCOMMUNICATE. 
uncircumcised ; 1._ incircum- 
cisus: Vulg. Act. Apost. vii. 51: Ter- 
tull. Jud. 2, extr.: Prud. Psych. 390. 
Q. praepitium babens: Vulg. Act. 
Apost. xi. 3. 3, praepttiatus : ‘Ter- 
tull. Mare. 5, 9. 4, impraepitiatus : 
id. Monog. 11, extr.: v. CIRCUMCISED. 
uncircumcision : 1, praepi- 
tium: Vulg. Rom. iv. 9. 2. praepu- 
tiatio: Tertull. Marc. 5 4, med. 
uncircumscribed: v. UNsounpDED, 
UNLIMITED, 
uncircumspect: v. wcauTious. 


uncivil: inirbanus, rusticus: v. 
RUDE, UNCOURTEOUS. 

uncivilly: inurbane, rustice: vy. 
RUDELY, UNCOURTEOUSLY. 

uncivilized ; ], incultus: Cic. 


Rep. 2, 10: the u. Laestrygonians, in- 
culti_ Laestrygones, Tibull. 4, 1, 59. 

2. barbarus: an wu. country, bar- 
bara patria, Virg. Aen. 1, 539. 3: 
férus: no one is so u., nemo tam ferus 
est, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 40. Join: imman- 
suetus... ferus, Cic. Leg. 1, 8,24: fera 
agrestisque vita, id. de Or. 1, 8, 33. 4, 
intonsus (poet.): the u. Getae, intonsi 
Getae, Ov. l’ont. 4, 2, 2. 5. non poli- 
tus humanitatis artibus, after Cic. Rep. 
1, 17. Phr.: the u. ages, minus eru- 
dita secula hominum, ib. 2, to: v. crvi- 
LIZED, RUDE. 

unclad: v. UNCOVERED. 


unclasp: Vv. TO UNBUCKLE, UNDO, 
“UNTIE. 
unclassical: 1, non classicus: 


V. CLASSICAL. 2. (second-rate): se- 
cundae notae, Col. 9, 15,13. Phr.: an 
u. author, malus auctor Latinitatis, Cic. 
Att. 7, 3, 7. 
uncle: |. On father’s side: 
patruus, Paul. Dig. 38, to, 14, where the 
degrees are given: great u., p. Magnus, 
ib. 15: great, great u., p. major, ib. 16: 
‘Tac. A. 12, 22: great, great, great w., p. 
maximus, Paul.ib. 17. |, On mother’s 
side: Avunculus: Paul. ib. 14. Great 
uU.: 1, a magnus: ib.: Cic. Brut. 
62, 222. 2. avunculus: Tac. A. 4 
75-3, a. major: Suet. Aug. 7: Claud. 
3: Vell. Pat. 2, §9. Great, great wu., a. 
major, Paul. ib. 16: great, great, great 
u., a. Maximus, ib. 17. 
unclean: |, Jn gen.: v. Dirty, 
FOUL, FILTHY. — |, /egally or ritually : 
1. immundus. Vulg. Lev. xiii. 46. 





UNCOMELY 


2. contaminatus: Join: c ac 
sordidus, ib. 45. 8. pollitus: id. 
xill. 51. Ul. orally : 1, inquin- 
atus; most u. talk, sermo inquinatis- 
simus, Cic. Verr. 3, 26, 65. 2. im- 
purus: the most u. (of creatures), im- 
purissimus, Auct. Dom. 18, 48: a youth 
u. with all manner of lust, omni libidine 
impurus, Petron. S. 81. 3. spurcus : 
u. harlots, spurcae lupae, Mart. 1, 35, 8. 
4. spurcificus: Pl. Trin. 4, 1, 7. 
5, obscénus: u. words, obscena 
verba, Cic. Fam. 9, 22: Vv. OBSUENE. 
6, turpis, e: Pl. Poen. 1, 2, 113. 
uncleanly (adv.): 1, impire: 
live u., 1. vivere, Cic. Fin. 3, 11, 38. 
2. parum munde: Sen. Ep. 70, 17: 
Vv. FOULLY, DIRTILY. 
uncleanness : 
1, immunditia: Pl. Stich. 5, 5, 6. 
2. spurcitia: Col. 1, 5, 8. 3, 
sordes, is, f., most common in plur.: the 
u. of a fusty house, sordes obsoleti tecti, 
Hor. Od. 2, 10, 7. _ [|], Zn moral or cere- 
monial sense : 1. sordes, ium, f.: will 
wash out his u., sordes suas eluet, Cic. 
Phil. 1, 8, 20: imeccles. sense: Cypr. Ep. 
14,(75). 2, impitritas: Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 
6. 3, turpitiido, obscénitas (nearly in 
same sense): if to u. of subjects there is 
added u. of language, si rerum turpi- 
tudini adhibetur verborum obscenitas, 
Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104: V. FILTH, IMPURITY. 
uncleansed: |. Ingen. sense : non 
purgatus ; v. TO CLEANSE, UNWASHED. 
I]. Jn ceremonial sense: Phr.: a 
place u. after slaughter, recens caede 
locus, Virg. Aen. 9, 455: u. after war 
and slaughter, bello digressus et caede 
recenti, ib, 2, 718. 
unclench: u. the fingers, digitos 
extendo, opp. to comprimo. v, Cic. Acad. 
4 47, 145- 
unclose: 4pério: v. TO OPEN, TO 
DISCLOSE. 
unclothe: exuo: v. TO UNDRESsS, 
STRIP. 
unclothed: niidus: v. NAKED, UN- 
COVERED. 


unclouded: 


to 


|. Free from cloud : 
sérénus: Vv, CLOUDLESS. Il, Fig.: 
calm, tranquil: 1, sérénus: an u. 
brow, frons serena, Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31: 
u. after cloud of cares has been ve- 
moved, pulsa curarum nube serenus, Ov. 
On Gowen Se 2. tranquillus: Cic. 
Fin. 1, 21, 71. Phr.: may the rest of 
life be u., pars vitae caetera nube vacet, 
Ov. Trist. 5, 5, 22: having an u. bosom, 
omni detersus pectora nube, Stat. Silv, 
I, 3, 109: V. CALM, TRANQUIL. 

uncoil: évolvo, explico: v. To UN- 
WIND, TO UNTWIST. 

uncoiling (subs.): explicitio: Cic. 
Div. 1, 56, 127. 

uncoined: infectus: wu. silver, in- 
fectum argentum, Liv. 34, 10: v. TO 
COIN. 

uncollected: |. Zn gen. sense: non 
collectus: Vv. TO COLLECT. — |], (Applied 
to money) outstanding, unpaid: ré- 
siduus: r. pecunia, Liv. 33, 47: the u 
taxes, vectigaliorum (for vectigalium) 
residua, Suet. Aug. ror. 

uncoloured: J. Lit.: without 
colour: 1, parus: p. toga, Phaedr. 3, 
10,10. Q, albus: wu. work, album opus, 
Vitruv. 7, 3. 8. sincérus: things 
which are u. are spoiled by colour, quae 
sincera sunt, pelluuntur colorum adul- 
teriis, Cypr. Hab. Virg. 16. 4, nullo 
colore fucatus: ib. 21: v. TO COLOUR. 

Il. Fig.: plain, without embellish- 

ment: infucatus (late in this sense): 
Arnob. 2, p. 360, Gauth. [p. 75, Herald.): 
V. PLAIN, SIMPLE. 

uncombed : 1, impexus: Virg. 
Georg. 3, 366 9, incomtus: Hor. 
KEpod. 5, 16. 8. horridus: Cic, Sest. 
8,19: V. LOOSE, ROUGH. 

uncomeliness: déformitas: wu. in 
action, d. agendi, Cic. Or. 17, 56: v. IN- 
ELEGANCE, UGLINESS, UNBECOMINGNESS. 

uncomely (adj.): 1, illépidus: 
Join: non illepidum neque invenus- 
tum, Catull. 10, 4. 9, inconcinnus : 
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 29- 8. turpis, e: more 
u, (i.e, less comely), turpior, Hor. Od. 2, 








UNCOMPOUNDED 


8, 4. 4. Meton: inhdnestus, an w 
wound, inhonestum vulnus, Virg. Aen 
6, 497: V. INELEGANT, UGLY, UNGEACE- 
FUL, UNBECOMING, 

uncomfortable: 1, mdlestus: 
tunica molesta, Mart. 10, 25, 5: Juv. 8, 
235. 2. gravis, e: the Appian way is 
less u., minus est gravis Appia, Hor. S. 
1S, 0. 8. arctus (artus): u. cir- 
cumstances, res arctae, Ov. ex P. 3, 
2, 25. Phr.: our journey was made 
more u. by the rain, factnm corruptius 
imbri, Hor. S. 1, 5, 95: to have an u, 
voyage, incommode navigare, Cic. Att. 
5,9: Lam somehow u. in mind, nescio 
quid meo animo est aegre, Pl Mere, 2, 
3, 34: V. COMFORTABLE, ANXIOUS, NAB- 


| ROW, UNWELL. 
|. nm gen. sense: 


uncomfortableness: molestiae: y. 
DISCOM FORT, 


uncomfortably : 
UNCOMFORTABLE. 
uncommanded : |. Without 
orders: sponte: the soldiers embarked 
u,,sua sponte naves conscenderunt, Caea 
B.C. 3, 101: V. UNBIDDEN, TO COMMAND, 
I]. Without a commander: sine im- 
perio, id. B. G. 7, 20: v. COMMANDER. 
uncommended: 1, illandatus: 
Virg. Georg. 3,5. 2, Inornatus: Hor. 
Od. 4, 9, 31. Phr.: quite u., sine ulla 
commendatione, Cic. Brut. 25, 96: no 
age will pass you by u., nulla aetas de 
tuis laudibus conticescet, id. Marc. 3, g: 
Vv. TO COMMEND, TO RECOMMEND, TO 
PRAISE, 
uncommissioned: sine mandatis, 


incommide: v. 


Cic. Leg. 3, 8, 18: Vv. TO COMMISSION, 
UNBIDDEN, UNCOMMANDED. 
uncommon: 1. rarus: all excel- 


lent things are u., omnia praeclara rara, 
Cic. Am. 21, 79. 2. inisitatus: wu. 
clemency, inusitata clementia, id. Mare. 
I, 2. 3. insdlitus: an antiquated or 
u. word, priscum aut insolitum verbum, 
id. Balb. 16, 36. 4. insdlens: an u, 
word, i. verbum, id. Or. 8, 25: proliz 
and u., multus et insolens, id. de Or. 2, 


87, 358. 5, extraordinarius: u. sorts 
of fruits, extraordinariae fractuum 
species, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 28. 6, exi- 


mius (always in good sense): wu. virtues, 
eximiae virtutes, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 42: the 
u. height of mountains (late in this 
sense), eximia altitudo, Sen. N. Q. 4, 11, 
€, 7. egrégius (usu. in good sense): 
an u. disposition, egregia indoles, Cie. 
de Or. 2, 29, 131. §. insignis, e (in 
good and bad sense): Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 31: 
Vv. UNCOMMONLY. 9. singilaris, e: 
incredible and u. affection, incredibilis 
et singularis amor, Cie. de Or. 3, 4, 13. 

10, mirus (marvel/ous): mira 
alacritas, id. Att. 2, 7. ll, mirificus: 
u. experience in war, m. usus in re mili- 
tari, id. Sest. 5,12. 12, Gnormis, e (oue 
of proportion): u. height, enormis pro- 
ceritas, Suet. Vitell. 17. 13, inaudit- 
us (unheard of ): Cic, de Or, 1, 31, 137. 

14, réconditus (/ar - fetched): 
Join: reconditae exquisitaeque sen- 
tentiae, id. Brut. 79,274. Phr.: a storm 
of u. violence, major solito tempestas, 
Sen. N. Q. 6, 9, 6: of u. size and beauty, 
pulcher et humano major, Ov. Fast. 2, 
503: an u. speech, beyond the puldic 
taste, sermo non publici saporis, Pe- 
tron. 3. 


uncommonly: |. Not often: 
Taro: V. RARELY, SELDOM. Il. /n un- 
usual degree: ], égrégie: (/ see) 


that Dolabella pleases me u., Dolabellam 
... placere... mibi egregie, Cic. Att. 
14, 20. 9, eximie: id. Arch. 9, 20. 
3, plus sdlito: Ov. Her, 15, 47. 
4. magis sdlito, Liv. 25, 4. 5. 
praeter sdlitum: Hor. Od. 1, 6, 20, 
Phr.: with eyes u. cheerful, hilariori- 
bus oculis quam solitus eras, Cic. Pis. 5, 
II: V. EXTREMELY, UNUSUALLY. 
uncommunicative: ¥. SILENT. 
uncompelled: ¥. UNFORCEKD, WIL- 
LING, WILLINGLY, 
uncomplaining: sine gemitu : Sen. 
Helv. 3, 1: ¥. PATIENT, PATIENTLY. 
uncompleted: ¥. IMPEBFECT, UN- 


FINISHED. 
uncompounded: |. om term: 


UNCONCERN 


UNCOURTEOUS 


UNDAMAGED 





mot mixed: V. PURE, SIMPLE, UNMIXED. 
Il. Gram. term: simplex, opp. to 

compositus: Priscian, 8, 15, 81: where 
the subj. is discussed. 

unconcern: |. Want of care: 
V. INDIFFERENCE, CARELESSNESS. |}, In- 
dependence : vacatio: u. with any office 
vacatio omnium munerum, Cic. N. L. 
I, 29, 53: V. FREEDOM, INDEPENDENCE. 

unconcerned: |. Careless: 1. 
sécurus: Hor. Od. 1, 26, 5. 9. otids- 
us: an w. spectator, 0. spectator, Cic. 
Off. 2, 7. 26. 3. iuciridsus: wu. about 
fame, famae i., ‘Vac. H. 1, 49: Vv. CARE- 
LESS, INDIFFERENT. I]. Independent 
Of: V.FREE,CONCERNED. Phr.: wu, with 
any engagements. nullis occupationibus 
implicatus, Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 51. 


uncondemned: indemnatus: Cic. 
Verr. 5, 6, 12: Vv. INNOCENT. 
unconditional: 1, simplex: wu. 


necessitl/, Ss. ne cessitudo, Cic. Inv. 2, 57, 
171. Join: simplex et absolutus, opp. 
to cum adjunctione, ib. 2. purus: p. 
judicium, ib. 2, 20, 60: an wu. gift, pura 
datio, Ulp. Dig. 34. 4,9. Phr.: an u. 
Bae deditio in ditionem, v. Liv. 1, 
2iD:v7, 30 
a aueo gai tionaligs 1, simpliciter : 
dict n: simpliciter et candide, Cic. Fam. 
2. pure: whut has been be- 
queathed u., quod pure relictum est, 
Ip. Dig. 34,4,9. 3, absdliite: Scaev. 
Dig. 33, 1, 13. Phr.: to surrender w., 
manus dare, Hor. Epod. 17, 1: dedere 
manus, Lucr. 2, 1041. 
unconfined : v. FREE, TO CONFINE. 
unconfirmed; irritus: Join: ir- 
ritus infectusque, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21: v. 
TO CONFIRM. 
unconformable: |. Gen. term: 
V. INCONSISTENT, DISOBEDIENT. Il. Zn 
geology : perb. * inaequalis, impar. 
uncongenial: ingratus: an u. task, 
1. labor, Virg. Georg. 3, 8: v. UNPLEASANT, 
UNSUITABLE, DISAGREEABLE. Phr.: 
I pleaded your cause, a not wu. task, 
tuam egi causam, non invita Minerva, 
Cic. Fam. 12, 25. 
unconnected: 1, disjunctns: 
CicMPart6e2r Q. disjectus: few 
and u. buildings, rara disjectaque aedi- 
ficia, Hirt. B.G. 8,10. 8, inconditus: 
an u. style of speaking, incondita di- 
cendi consuetudo, Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 173. 
4. dissipatus: an wu. speech, dissipata 
eratio, id. Or. 65, 220. 5, dissdlurus : 
an u, style of speaking, dissolutum genus 
orationis, ib. 57,195. 6, interruptus: 
id. Somn. Scip. 6 7, inconnexus 
(late): Auson. Idyll. 12: v. APART, FEW, 
SCATTER, TO RAMBLE. 
unconnectedly: 1, disperse : 
Join: disperse et diffuse, Cic. Inv. 1, 
52, 98. Q. dispersim: Suet. Jul. 80. 
8. interrupte: Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 
329. 4. singultim (interrupted by 
sobs): Hor. S. 1, 6, 56. 
unconquerable : 
VINCIBLE. 
unconquered: 1. invictus: Han- 
mibal u.in the field, H. armis invictus, 
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 95. 2. instiipératus : 


invictus: v. IN- 


Corn. Gall. 1, 34. 3. inddmitus: v. 
UNTAMED. 4, intéger: Join: in- 
teger et intactus; Liv. 10, 27: Hor. 
Epod. 7, 7. 


unconscionable: v. UNREASONABLE. 
unconscionably ; Vv. UNREASON- 
ABLY, UNDULY. 


unconscious: 1, inscius: the wu. 
sheep, inscia ovis, Ov. Fast. 4, 750. 2. 
insciens' Ter. Heaut. 4, I, 19. 


nescius. wu. of impending evil, impend- 
entis mali n., Plin. Ep. 8, 23. 4, im- 
prudens) Join: imprudens ignarus- 
que, Ter. Kun. 1, 2, 56: v. CONSCIOUS, 
IGNORANT, UNAWARE, INSENSIBLE. 

unconsciously : |. Without 
knowing: expr. by adj.: v. UNCON- 
SCIOUS. Il. Without study: natura: 
Cic. Brut. 6, 25 

unconsciousness : 1, oblivio: 
Hor. Epod. 14, 2. 2, oblivium: Virg. 
Aen. 6, 714. 3. sOpor, Oris: a drowsy 
t&., semisomnus s., Cvel. ap. Quint. 4, 2, 
124. 4, stiipor, dris: Auct. Dom, 36, 
97: V. INSENSIBILITY. 

8g0 











unconsecrated : 1, profanus: 
a.) opp. to consecratus, Cic. Part. 10, 
36. (b.) opp. to pius, Ov. Fast. 6, 440. 

2. néfastus: Stat. Theb. 1,273: v. 

UNHOLY, PROFANE. 

unconstant: V. INCONSTANT, FICKLE. 

unconstitutional : 1, tyranni- 
cus: u. laus, tyrannicae leges, id. Leg. 
I, 15, 42. 9. illicitus: Cic. Cluent. 
47, 130: un uw. act, illicitum facinns, id. 
Verr. 5, 66, 170. 8, non légitimus: 
V. ILLEGAL, UNLAWFUL. 

unccnstitutionally: 1, contra 
legem: Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 70. 9, con- 
tra rempublicam, id. Q. F. 2, 1, med. 
Join. praeter civium morem atque 
legem, Ter. Andr. 5, 3,9: V- ILLEGALLY, 
UNLAWFULLY. 

unconstrained : 
Hor. Od. 4, 2, 12. 9. liber: Pl. Cist. 
150 25)9: 8, incdactus (late): Val. 
Max. 4,7: Sen. Ep. 66, 17: v. TO CON- 
STRAIN, FREE, VOLUNTARY. 

unconstrainedly ; V. FREELY. 


1. lége sdlutus: 


unconsumed: inconsumtus : 
Ov. Met. 7, 592. 2. inustus (rare in 
this sense): Luc. 8, 786. 3, sémius- 


tus (partly consumed): semiustum ca- 
daver: Suet. Dom. 15. 4, sémiusti- 
latus (a little burnt): Cic. Mil. 13, 33. 
5, semésus (half-eaten) : Suet. Tib. 
34: V. ENTIRE, SOUND, TO CONSUME. 
uncontaminated: 1. intaminat- 
us: w. honours, intaminati honores, Hor. 
Odir 33025 18; 9, incontaminatus: 
Liv. 4, 2 8, impollitus: Tac. A. 
16, 26: v. PURE, UNDEFILED, UNSPOTTED. 
uncontested: V- TO CONTEST, UNA- 
NIMOUS. 
uncontradicted : v. TO CONTRA- 
IC 


unoontrollable: 1, impotens: 

oin: ferociores impotentioresque, Cic. 
Fam. 4,9. Q, intractibilis,e: Arnob. 
5, p- 399, Gauth. 

uncontrollably: 1. effiise (pro- 
hase pe to weep u., effusissime flere, 
Sen. Ep. 99, 21: the mind exults u., 
effuse animus exsultat, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 
13. 2. effrenate: Cic. Sen. 12, 39. 

uncontrolled: ], liber: liber- 
rima indignatio, Hor. Epod. 4, ro: liber- 
um fastidium, Cic. Brut. 67, 236. 9. 
incéactus (late): Sen. Ep. 66, 17: Val. 
Max. 4, pr. 3, sdlutus: Join: 
solutus et liber, Cic. Div. 1, 2, 4. 4, 
sine lége: Ov. Met. 2, 204. 5, sine 
more: Virg. Aen. 5, 694. Phr.: uw, 
sovereignty, omnis dominatus, Cic. N. D. 
2, $9, 152: the Danat reign u., D. dom- 
inantur, Virg. Aen. 2, 327: Komulus, 
having obtavned u. power, solus potitus 
imperio, Liv. 1,7: Vulcan (fire) rages 
u., furit immissis Vulcanus habenis, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 662: the ship now w., 
(mavis) excussa magistro, Virg. Aen. 6, 
353 : V. FREE, UNBRIDLED, UNRESTRAINED, 
CONTROL (subs.), TO CONTROL. 

unconverted: religionis negligens, 
contemptor: V. IRRELIGIOUS, HEATHEN. 

unconvinced : v. TO CONVINCE. 
Phr.: I amas yet u., non adductus 
sum ut credam, v. Liv. 4, 49. 

uncooked: 1, incoctus: Pl. Mil. 
2, Dus Ss 2, criidus (opp. to coctus) : 
id. Aul. 3, 2,16. Join: semicoctus et 
semicrudus, Arnob. 7, p. 434, Gauth. 

uncord: V. TO UNBIND, TO LOOSE, 

uncork; *corticem extraho: v. To 
CORK. 

uncorrected; non émendatus, non 
corrects: Vv. FAULTY, TO CORRECT. 
Phr.: w. verses, carmina quae non... 
litura coercuit atque castigavit, Hor. 
APa203: 

uncorrunvt: incorruptus: immaci- 
latus: Vulg. Ps. xvii. (xviii.) 26: v. 
INCORRUPT, PURE, UNDEFILED. 

uncorru ted ; indeépravatus: Sen. 


Ep. 76 15. 
_ uncorruptness : integritas: Vulg. 
Tit. ii. 7: v. SOUNDNESS, PURITY. 


uncouple (animals), to: disjungo, 
xi, ctum, 3: Juv. 5, 119: v. TO UNBIND, 
TO UNTIE. 

uncourteous: 1, inconcinnus: 
u. roughness, inconcinna asperitas, Hor, 
Ep. 1, 18, 6. 2, horridus: id, Od. 3, 


2 19: ia moribus ‘incompisites 
Quint. 4, 5, Io. 4, tétricus: the uw, 
Sabine women, tetricae Sabinae, Ov. Am. 
3, 8, 61: Vv. ROUGH, RUDE, UNPOLISHED. 

uncourteously : vv. ROUGHLY, 
RUDELY. 

uncourteousness;: inhimanitas~ 
Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 99: Vv. DISCOURTESY, 
ROUGHNESS, RUDENESS. 

uncouth: 1, incultus: incultum 
corpus, Hor. S. 1, 3, 34: i. mores, Sall. 
Jug. 85. 2, incomtus: wu. verses, versus 
incomti, Virg. Georg. 2, 386. 8, in- 
compositus: wu. motions, motus incom- 
positi, ib. 1, 350. 4. inconditus: i. 
carmina, Liv. 4, 20: i. versus, ib. 52. 

5, inhiimanus: Join: agrestis et 

inbumanus, Cic. Red.6,13. 6, vastus: 
Join: vasti atque agrestes, id. de Or. 





I, 25, 115. 7. minus comtus: Lac- 
tant. Div. Inst. 5, 1: v. ROUGH, RUDE, 
UNPOLISHED. 

uncouthness : V- ROUGHNESS, RUDE- 
NESS. 

uncover: 1, détégo, texi, tectum, 
7 PEL Rudsereateess 2. reclido, si, 


sum, 3: Cic. Att. 4, 7. 8. nido, 1: 
u.ing her breasts, nudans ubera, Ov. Met, 
10, 391. 4, apério, ui, ertum, 4: he 
u.d his head, caput aperuit, Cie Phil. 
2503 Kyle 5, révélo, 1: Tac, Germ. 
31. 6, dévélo, 1: Ov. Met. 6, 604. 
7, discodpério, ui, pertum, 4: Vulg. 
2 Sam. vi. 20. 8, ostendo, di, sum 
and tum, 3: Virg. Georg 4, 232. 9, 
pando, di, pansum and passum, 3: to u, 
nature, pandere naturam, Lucr. 5, 55. 
10, w. the body, exsero, ui, ser- 
tum, 3: wus the shoulder, exserit hu- 
merum, Ov. Fast. 1,409. 11, detriho, 
xi, ctum, 3: foll. by a word sig. cover: 
e.g. (1.) 6périmentum, Pl. 8, 42, 64. (2.) 
tégiimentum, Caes. B. G. 2,21. Phr.: 
the whole will be u.’d, removebitur omne 
tegminis officium, Ov. Met. 12,92: you 
will u. your side, dabis nudum latus, 
Tib. 1, 4, 46: v. TO DISCOVER, TO OPEN, 
TO REVEAL, TO SHOW, UNFOLD, 
uncovered : 1, nudus: Virg. 
Georg. I, 299. 2. indpertus: Sen. 
Vit. Beat. 13, 2. 3. intectus: Arnob. 
3, P. 374 (Gauth.): v. TO UNCOVER. 


uncreated: non creatus: v. To 
CREATE. 
unction: |. Lit.: unctio: Cic.: ex- 


treme wu. (in the Rom. Catholic Church), 


*unctio extrema, Kr. Phr.: to re- 
ceive extreme u. *sacro oleo inungi, 
Muret. Vol. 2,Or.25. =|, Fig.: man- 


ner of speaking : to speak with u., perh, 
expr. by, 700s, ut dicunt, dicendo ex- 
primo, v. Quint. 6, 2, 13. 
unctuous: V. OILY. 
uncultivated : J. Lit.: i 
incultus: w. regions, incultae regiones, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 10,24. 2, vastus (waste): 
Join: vastus, incultus, Sall. Jug. 89. 
3. riidis, e. an u. field, rudis ager, 
Col. 3, 11, 1: r. campus, Virg. Georg. 2, 
211. 4, néglectus: wu. fields, neglecti 
agri, Hor. S. 1, 3, 37- 5. deformis, e: 
u. plains, deformes campi, Ov. Pont. 3, 
8, 15. Phr.. éo be u. (of land): vaco, 
: Caes. B. G. 4, 30: V. FALLOW (TO LIE). 
|]. Fig.: indoctus : Cie. Tuse. 1, 2, 
4: agrestis, rudis, etc.: Vv. RUDE, UN- 
EDUCATED, UNCOUTH. 
uncuwbered: v. UNENCUMBERED, 
uncurbed: Vv. UNBRIDLED. 
uncured: cridus: (a.) not healed: 
u. wounds, cru. a vulnera, Ov. Trist. 3, 
It, 19. (b.) not pickled: u. lamb or 
kid, crudus agnus sive hoedus, Apic. 8, 
366. v. TO oy TO PICKLE. 
uncurl]: * cirros or cincinnos (or cin- 
cinnorum fimbrias, ef. Cic. Pis. 11, 25): 
laxo, I. v. TO CURL, LOOSEN, 
uncurled; *sdlitus. 
uncut: 1, intonsus (not shorn): 
u. hair, i. crinis, Tibull. 1, 4, 34: V. 
LONG, UNSHORN. 9, incaeduus: an u. 
wood, incaedna silva, Ov. Am. 3, 1, I. 
3, intéger, ra, rum piles, whose 
lower part remained u., quarum pars 
inferior integra remanebat, Caes. B. G. 
1,35: V. ENTIRE. 
undamaged: inoffensus, Arnob. 4, 
p. 386 (Gauth.): v. UNINJURED, UNHUBT, 


UNDAUNTED 





UNDER 





undaunted: 1. impavidus: Her. 
Od, 3, 3, 8. 2. intrépidus: Ov. Met. 
13, 478. 3. interritus: ib 5, 506. 
4. imperterritus: Virg. Aen. 10, 
"40. 5, immotus. i. animus. Tac. A. 
15,23. 6, fortis, e: go on with u. soul 
(Lacedaemonians), pergite animo forti, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, tor. Join: animosus 
atque fortis, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 21: magnus 
fortisque, Cic. Fam. 6,14. 7, firmus: 
Virg. Aen. 6, 261: v. BRAVE, FEARLESS, 
FIRM. 
undauntedly : 1. impavide : 
Liv. 39, 50. 2. intrépide: ib. 26, 4. 
3. impigre (incessantly): Flor. 3, 
3, 18. 4, fortiter: Join: fortiter 
et patienter, Cic. Phil. 11, 3,7. Phr. 
siccis oculis, Hor. Od. 1, 3, 18: Vv. 
BRAVELY, STOUTLY. 
undazzled: Phr.: with wu. eye, 
lumine recto, Luc. 9, 904: V. TO DAZZLE, 
UNAVERTED. 
undecayed: 1, incorruptus: wu. 
pce and blood, i. sucus et sanguis, Cic. 
t. 9, 30. 2. illabéfactus~ u. har- 
mony, ill. concordia, Ov. Pont. 4, 12, 30. 
8. solidus: u. strength, solidae 
vires, Virg. Aen. 2, 639. 4. criidus: 
u, old aye, cruda senectus, ib. 6, 304. 
5, indétritus: Join: indetritus 
et inobsolétus: Tertull, Res. Carn. 58: 
V. ENTIRE, SOUND. 


undecayins : 1, immortalis, 
e: Lucr. 1, 58. Q. siiperstes: u. 


fame, fama superstes, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 8. 
8. incorruptus: v. IMPERISHABLE, 
LASTING. 
undeceive: expr. by error, with a 
verb signifying to tale away: errorem 
eripio: Cic. Att 10,4, 1: solvo, Phaedr, 
4, 4, 33: demo, Hor. Ep. 2, 2,140: tollo, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37: coarguo, id. Acad. 1, 
4, 13: depello, id. Div. 2, 28, 60: extor- 
queo: id. Sen. 23,86. Phr.: Jam now 
u.d, animi resanuit error, Oy. Am. I, 10, 
: JI will u. you, nubem... eripiam, 
irg. Aen. 2, 606: non patiar te in errere 
versari, Cic. Marc. 10, 23. 
undecided: |. Uncertain 
i sense: Vv. UNCERTAIN. ll. 
Nearly evenly balanced: (i.) as to the 
result of a battle : 1, anceps, cipitis : 
a. fortuna belli, Cic. Mare. 5, 15: a. 
praelium, Cues. B. G. 1, 26: a, pugna, 
Liv. 27,14. 2, aequus: aequa pugna, 
id. 9, 12: Mars aequus, id. 2, 6: to leave 
a battle u., aequa manu discedere, Sall. 
Cat. 39. 3, par: p. proelium, Nep. 
Them. 3. Phr.: it was u. which was 
the conqueror, non dijudicari potuit, uter 
utri anteferendus videretur, Caes. B. G. 
5, 44. (ii.) as to an argument or dis- 
pute: intéger, ra, rum: integrum certa- 
men, Liv. 34. 62. Phr.: to be wu., in 
pendenti esse, Ulp. Dig. 7, 1,25: to leave 
u., in suspenso relinquere, Plin. Ep. to, 
40: to keep uw, in ambiguo servare, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 16, 28: the question ts still u., ad- 
huc sub judice lis est, id. A. P. 178. 
Ul. Unsettled, unconcluded : ik 
imtéger: he orlered the whole matter to 
be left u. till his return, rem integram 
ad reditum suum jussit esse, Cic. Off. 2, 
23, 82. 2. sine exitu: an u. dispute, 
disceptatio sine exitu, Liv. 32,40. Phr.: 
to be u., haesitare, Plin. Ep. 10, 40: my 
mind is u., animus pendet, Ter. Ad. 2, 
2, 19: V. UNCERTAIN, UNSETTLED, TO 
WAVER, TO DOUBT. 
undecisive: not tending to settle 
doubt: ambiguus: wu. answers, ambigua 
responsa, Suet. Tib. 24: v. UNDECIDED. 
undecked: |. Without a deck: 
1, Apertus: an wu. vessel, aperta 
navis: opp. to tecta or constrata: Cic. 
Verr. 5, 40, 104: Liv. 32, 21. Q, ra- 
tarius: r. navis, Gell. 10, 25,5. <An u. 
vessel:  ], linter, tris, J. 2, aphrac- 
tus, i, f., Cic. Att. 6, 8. I. Without 
ornament : V. UNADORNED. 
undefaced: Vv. ENTIRE, SOUND, UNIN- 
JURED, TO DEFACE, 


im 


undefended: _|, In gen., without 
protection : ], nudus: you will pre- 


sent your side u., dabis nudum latis, 
Tib. 1, 4, 46: a city u., urbs nuda prae- 
Bidio, Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1: u. by relatives, 
Nudum a propinquis, id. Red. Quir. 6, 16. 


2. apertus: Caes. B.G. 1, 25. 3. 
désertus a fortress u. on that side, 
castellum desertum ab ea parte, Sail 
Jug. 94. 4. indéfensus: Liv. 4, 28. 

5. imminitus: an u. road, via im- 
munita, Cic, Caecin. 19, 54. Il. Jn 
leyal sense : indvfen-us ; unheard ana u., 
inauditus etind., Tac. A.2, 97. Phr.: to 
leave ones post u., praesidium relin- 
quere, Cic. ‘usc. 3, 8, 17 Vv. UNPRO- 
TECTED; TO DEFEND, TO PROTECT. 

undefiled: |. Jn moral or cere- 
monial sense: J, impolliitus: u. vir- 
ginity, Virginitas impolluta, Tac. A. 14, 
35. 2. piirus: a place u., locus purus, 
Liv. 25, 19. 8. incorruptus: virgo 
incorrupta, Cic. Orat. 19, 64. Il. Fig.: 
incorruptus: the u. purity of Latin 
speech (comp. “ well of English unde- 
filed”), incorrupta Latini sermonis in- 


tegritas. id. Brut. 35, 132: Vv. PURE, 
UNSPOTTED, TO DEFILE. 
undefined: vv. INDEFINITE, UN- 


BOUNDED. 

undeniable: v. CERTAIN, TO DENY. 

undeniably ; v. CERTAINLY, UN- 
DOUBTEDLY. 

under (prep.): both in local and 
fig. sense: A, expr. byaprep.: 1, 
sub: (a) with avl. of obj.: wu. the earth, 


shade, s. wumbra, Hor. Od. 1, 17, 22: u. 
the sky (in the open air), s. divo, ib. 2, 
3, 23: s. Jove, ib. 1, 1, 25: wu. command, 
s. imperio, Nep. Kum. 7: u. Hannibal, 
s. Hannibale, Liv. 25, 40: wu. arms, ib. 
9, 37° wu. penalty of death, s. poena 
mortis, Suet. Cal. 48: u. the semblance, 
s. imagine, Virg. Aen. 6, 293: wu. the 
eyes of a master, s, oculis domini, Caes. 
B.C. 1,57: u. that condition, s. ea con- 
ditione, Cic. Arch. 10, 25: u. pretence, 
s. specie, Just. 1, 5. (b) with acc. of 
obj. implying motion towards : to drive 
u. the earth, s. terras ago, Virg. Georg. 
4,52: sent u. the yoke, s. jugum missus, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 7: to hurry wu. (into) the 
open air, s. divum rapio, Hor. Od. 1, 18, 
13: go u. their authority and title, 
ite sub imperium sub titulumque, Tib. 
2,4, 54: to fall u. the eyes (one’s notice), 
s. oculos cado, Cic. Or. 3, 9: to reduce u. 
the power of the Athenians, s. potestatem 
Atheniensium redigo, Nep. Milt. 1: to 
come close u. (up to) the mountain, s. 
montem succedo, Caes. B. C. 1, 45. For 
sus, in sense of approximate time or 
place, see Smith’s Lat. Dict. (sus, B.). 

2, subter: (a) with abl.: u. cover of 
the shields, s. testudine, Virg. Aen. 9, 514, 
(b) with ace.: wu. the bosom, s. prae- 
cordia, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20: u. (towards) 
the caverns, s. cavernas, Ov. Met. 5, 502. 

3, in: (a) with abl. nearly in same 
sense as iv or wiihin: u. (or in) the 
shade, in umbra, Virg. Ecl. 1, 4: Hor. 
Ep. 1, 7,50: I place u. the same class, in 
eodem genere pono, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, jo: u. 
arms, in armis, Cues. B. G. 1, 49 (see also 
above, 1, and below). (6) with acc, 
nearly in same sense as ino or among : 
to come u. a class, in numerum venio, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 25, 115. So also with refero, 
id. Div. 2, 2, 4: adscribo: id. Phil. 2, 14, 
34. 4, intra (within): with a weapon 
hidden u. his garment, abdito intra 
vestem ferro, Liv. 2, 12. 5, pér (by 
meuns of ): u. a pretence of friendship, 
per simulationem amicitiae, Cic. Quir, 
Red. 8, 21: u. a show of making peace, 
per speciem reconciliandae pacis, Liv. 
42, 52: u. cover of darkness (absence of 
moonlight), per amica silentia lunae, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 255. B. expr. by abl. 
without prep. or by abl. abs.: u. the 
central dome of the temple, media testu- 
dine templi, Virg. Aen. 1, 505: u. thy 
guidence, te duce, Hor. Od. 1, 6, 4: dis 
ducibns, Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 22° “ an ap- 
pearance of favour, specie beneficii, Liv. 
41, 23: u. that condition, ea conditione, 
Cic. Att. 15, 1, 1: u. the disguise of 
Shepherds, pastorum habitu, Liv. 9, 2: 
(a letter) u. his own hand, suo chiro- 
grapho, Cic. Fam. 1c, 20: see below. 
Phr.: wu. arms, armatus, Cic. Caecin. 21, 
60: Liv. 27, 13: see above, A., | and 3: 
a document u. your own hand and seal, 


j alieno, id. Cat. 2,9, 19: v. 
| OPPRESS 





UNDERIVED 





| minor, v. 


|a thing at a lower price): 
s. terra, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95: u. the | 





siguatus a te libellus, Cic. Att. m1, 1: 
see above, B.: u. sail, passis velis, id. 
Tuse. I, 49, 118: to cvme u. name of, 
nomen occupo, Hor. Od. 4, 9, 46: to be 
u. an idea, ¥. TO SUPPOSE: u. (hese cir- 
cumstances, quae Quum ita sint, Cic. Rab. 
2,5: quod quum ita sit, id. Att 14, 19: 
to labour v. a load of debt, premor aere 
TO PRESS, TO 
to hide good u, evils, bonum 
malis abdo: ‘lib. 2, 4, 36: v. TO HIDE, 
TO Cover.—For under in combination 
with verbs signifying TO PLACK, TO SET, 
TO TRAMPLE, TO LIE. etc, V. TO PLACK 
TO SET, etc, 

under, in aye, number, size,etc.: 1, 
LESs. 2. intra: from u. 
Iooupto...., intra centum usque ad 
Seow ECS arte 3. infra: not u.g 
eggs at a time, non i, novena (ova), 


Plin. 18, 26, 62. Phr.: it is u. 100 
| years since .... nondum centum et de- 
cem anni sunt, quum ....: Cic. Off. 2, 


21, 75. 
under age: impiibes, is, and Gris: 


|a boy u. a., puer i, Ov. Fast. 2, 239: 
}a@ daughter u. a. filia impubes, Cic. 
| Cat. 4, 6, 13: Vv. MINOR. 


underbid (v.): (offer to make or do 
i minoris 
faciendum Div. 2, 
21, 47. 

under-butler: supprémus, i: Pil. 
Mil. 3, 2, 12. 

— -cook: 1, *cdquus in- 
ferior. 2. perb. *coquo vicarius, or 


vicaria. 

-current: |. Ofwater: 1, 
torrens subterfluens, Plin. 8, 50, 76. 
9. fluentum subterlabens: v. Virg. 
Ecl. 10, 4: Auson. Idyll. 10, 22. Il. 
Fig.: (a) of thought: intimae cogita- 
tiones, Cic. Sull. 22, 64. (b) of feeling: 

intimus animi sensus, id. Inv. 2, 8, 25. 
——-done: ], minus percoctus: 
Plin. 22, 25, 70. 2, sémicriidus: Suet. 


conduco: v. Clic 





Aug. IJ. 8, semicoctus: Plin. 18, 1, 
29. 116. 4, subcridus: Cato R. R. 
156. 


—— -garment: 1, tiinica: Gell. 
4, 12, 3. 9, subiciila: Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 
95- 3. vestis subsiita: id. S. 1, 2, 29. 

4, supparum (chiefly worn by wo- 
men): Pl. Epid. 2, 2, §0: Lucan 2, 264. 

—-gird: |. To bind or tie under 
in gen.: Vv. TO BIND, TO GIKD. ll. U.a 
ship: navem accingo, Vulg. Acts xxvii. 
1]. 

undergo: |. In_ gen. : 1. 
stibeo, ii, itum, 4: 7 will u. the same 
penalty, eandem poenam subibo, Auct. 
Dom. 38, 101. 9. téro, tili, lai 
tum, 3: born to u. miseries, natus fere 
undis miseriis, Ter. Ad. 4,2.6. 3. per- 
fero. Virg. Aen. 6, 437 I]. 0. punish- 
ment: 1, do poenas: Cic. Att. g, 19, 
post init. 2, poenas pendo: ib. 11, 8 

3, suffero poenam, Cic. Cat. 2, 13, 
28. 4, poenasdépendo: (u. im full): 
id. Sest. 67, 140: V. TO SUFFER. 

—a change: V. TO CHANGE, TO 
ALTER. 

under-ground (adv.): Vv. UNDER, A. 

(adj.) : ], subterrinei: uw 
caverns, subterranei specus, Cie. Att, 
15, 26. 2, subterrénus: Apul Met 
9, 22, p. 227, Elm. 3, subterreus : 
Arnob. 7. ; 

— building: 1, sub- 
structio, Vitr.6, 11. 2, b¥pogaeum: ib, 
— passage: cilnicilus: Cic, 
Off. 3, 23, go. 

—— railway: perh. * via fer- 
rea subterranea. 
— stove 
Vitr. 5, 10. 














: hypeicausis, is, 7. : 








undergrowth; ¥- UNDERWOOD, 
BRUSH WOOD. 

-hand (adj.) : clandestinus : Cic, 

Sen. 12, 40: ¥. SRCRET, TREACHEROUS: 


in an u. manner: V. next art. 
-hand (adr.)> Vv. 5RCRETLY, DiBe 
HONESTLY, TREACHEROUSLY. 

underived (original): 1, priscus: 
priscum nomen Latinum Varr. LL. L. 
5, 30. 2. principalis: Gell. 11, 15, 5. 

3. driginalis: Macrob. Somn. Scip. 
I, 2, 14: p. 9, Bip. 
891 





UNDER-JAW 


UNDERSTAND 


UNDERTAKE 





under-jaw; maxilla inferior, Plin. 
TI, 36, 60. 

—— -keeper: *custus inferior: sa- 
telles interior. 

— -leather;: *cOrium inferius. 
-librarian: biblioihecae cura- 
toris vicarius: v. Varr. R. RK. 3, 5, 5: 
Hor. S. 2, 7. 79. 

— -lieutenant: perh. subcen- 
turio secundus: v. Liv. 8, 8. 

underlie, v. TO LIE, UNDER. 

underline: 1. noto,1: Jad that 
passage, id caput notavi, Cic. Fam. 7 72 
Ov. Met. 9, 523. 2, signo, 1: Mart. 9, 
53, 5. . subscribo, scripsi, scriptum, 
3: Cic. Cluent. 42, 119. 4, subnoto, 
1: Suet. Cal. 41: Apul. Dogm. Plat. 3, 
p. 31: Elm. 

underling : ], administer, tri. 

oin: administri et satellites, Cic. 
Quint. 25, 80. Q, inférior, an inferior 
person: cruel towards ws, in inferiores 
crudelis, Auct. ad Herenn. 4, 40, 52. 

8, accensus: Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4. 
4, adsécila: humilis a, Juv. 9, 

q8: assecla: Cic. Verr. 3, 12, 30. 

5, serviilus: Cic. Caecin. 20, 58. 

6, qui partes tractat secundas, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 18, 14: Arrius, who was a sort of 
u. to Crassus, A. qui fuit Crassi quasi 
secundarum, Cic. Brut. 69, 242: v. FOL- 
LOWER, CREATURE. 

under-master : 1, hypodidas- 
calus: Cic. Fain. 9, 18. 2, sub- 
doctur: Aus. Pref. 22. 3, *sub-in- 
structor vel hustiarius: Lowth, W. of 
Wykeham, App. p. 38. 

undermine (v.): |, Zo dig under 
ground : 1, suffddio, fodi, fossum, 3: 
Cic. Harusp. 15,32. 2, sub terra fodio : 
Liv. 38, 7. 3, ctiniculum ago: he 
began to u., cuniculum occultum agere 
instituit, ib. 4, subruo, ui, titum, 3: 
to overthrow bya mine: the walls being 
u.d, subrutis cuniculo moenibns, id. 5, 
21. 5, cavo, 1: towns u.d in many 
places, oppida crebris cuniculis cavata, 
Plin. 2, 82, 83. 6, fundamenta sub- 
duco: Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 42. I. Fig.: 

1, detrabo, traxi, tractum, 3: to wu. 
one’s reputation, de fama detraho, id. 
Fam. 3, 8. 9. laedo, si, sum, 3: had 
u.d his own reputation, laeserat famam 
suam, Plin. Ep. 3,7. 3, labéfacio, feci, 
factum, 3: we wu. truth, labefacimus veri- 
tatem, Arnob. 2, p. 443, Gauth. 4. 
labéfacto, 1: to wu. fidelity with a bribe, 
fidem pretio labefactare, Cic. Cluent. 68, 
194. 5, subrumpo, rapi, ruptum, 3 : 
Arnob. 1. c. 6. Everto, ti, sum, 3: to 
u. an estate, e. patrimonium, Ulp. Dig. 
47, 6, 1. 

—— -miner (subs.) : subsessor, oris : 
Arnob. 4, p. 391, G. 

— -most: Vv. LOWEST. 

—-neath: 1. infra: @ copy is 
written w., exemplum infra scriptum est, 
Cic. Fam. 6,8. 2, subtus: Liv. 36, 25: 
Vv. BELOW, BENEATH. 

-officer ; Vv. SUBALTERN. 
un‘’ero atory;: V. DEROGATORY, UN- 
WORTHY. 

underpin (v.): 
fultum, 4: Plin. 36, 13, 19. 9. suf- 
fulcio: Pl. Epid. 1,1, 86. 3, substruo, 
struxi, structum, 3: see Vitruv. 6, 11. 

— -plot (subs.) - *episddium: App. 
Face. Lex. 

—— -prop (subs.): 1, statimen: 

Nh, CE 2. pédamentum: Plin. 
1], 22, 35, 104: V. PRUP (subs. ). 
-pron(v.):  ], adminiciilor, 1: 
Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 39. 2, adminicilo, 1 : 
Col. Arb. 16, 4. 8, statamino: Vitr. 
}, I: V. TO PROP. 

—-rate: exténuo, I: fo ua 
charge, extenuo crimen, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 
40, 103. u.ing the report of the war, 
extenuantes famam belli, Liv. 5, 37. 

9. détrecto, +: Ov. Trist. 4, 10, 103. 

3, vilipendo, di, 3: Pl. Truc. 2, 6, 58. 

4, ténulter aestimo: greatly to u., 
tenuissime aestimo, Cic. Verr. 4, 16, 
35.  §, tenui (at a low price) aestimo: 
Ter. Hec. 5, 3, t. §, léniter (al. 1é- 
viter) lando: FL Poen. 5, 3, 40. 

—— -secretarv: 1, &4manuensis 
secundus: Sue: Ner. 44: Tit. 3. 2. 

892 








1, fulcio, fulsi, 








scriba librarius: Varr. R.R. 3, 2,14. 3. 
librarius: Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 32. 4, 
epistolaris formae secundae: Cod. 12, 
24, 7- (Not secretarius secundus, as 
secretarius is a word without any clas- 
sic? uthority.) 

under-secretary of state: v- SE- 
CRETARY (ii.). 

—— -sell: vendo minoris quam ce- 
teri: Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51. 

—— servant: 1. servo vicarius: 
Pl. Asin. 2, 4,27. 2, vicarius: Mart. 
2; 18, 4. 3, ancillila (a female s.): 
Join; ancillula pedissequaque, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 55, 236. 4, *famulus or fa- 
mitla inferioris ordinis: v. UNDERLING. 

—— -setter (in carpentry): ik 
bhumérilus: Vulg. 1 K. vii. 30. 2A, 
sustentaculum: v. Tac. H. 2, 28. 
-sheriff; *geraefa inferior or 
inferioris ordinis: V. SHERIFF. 

-shot (@ mill-wheel) : (rota) aqua 
subtus versata: v. Plin. 18, Io, 23. 

——-song: 1. sonus carmini sub- 
textus: v. Auson. Prof. 5, 3. 2. sub- 
missum murmur: Quint. II, 3, 45. 
Phr.: the nightingale sings her u., 
lusciniae sonus secum ipse murmurat, 
Plin. 10, 29, 43. 

understand: _ |. Comprehend, take 
in with mind : 1, intelligo, lexi, lec- 
tum, ?: / wish your plan to be developed, 
that I may u. it thoroughly, explicari 
consilium volo, ut penitus intelligam, 
Cic. Att. 8,12: to u. great things from 
small, magna ex parvis intelligere, id. Off. 
I, 41, 146. 2, comprehendo, di, sym, 
3: tou. with mind, comprehendere ani- 
mo, id. N. D. 3, 25, 64. 8. capio, 
cépi, captum, 3: to u. what a happy and 
immortal nature is, capere quae sit et 
beata natura et aeterna, ib. I, 19, 49. 

4, complector, plexus, 3: that you 
may u. the whole system, ut totum genus 
complectamini, id. Verr. 2, 12, 32. My 
amplector, 3: if the judge shall fail to 
u., si judex non amplectetur, Cic. Acad. 
4, 8,26. — 6, perspicio, spexi, spectum, 
3 (see thoroughly, make oneself master 
of a subject): I charge you to u. the 
whole, totum .... mando tibi ut per- 
spicias, id. Att. 1, 12, 2: argument from 
things understood to what was not under- 
stood, ratio ex rebus perceptis ad id 
quod non percipiebatur, id. Acad. l. c. 

7, téneo, ui, tentum, 2: Ter. Andr, 
1, 1, 59: Cic. Fam. 6, 7. 8. scio, ivi, 
4: that the Athenians understood what 
was right, scire quae recta essent, id. 
Sen. 18, 64: that all are able to speak 
on that which they u., omnes in eo quod 
scirent esse eloquentes, id. de Or. 1, 14, 
63. In respect of a language or an art : 
to u. Latin, scire Latine, id. Brut. 37. 
140: u.ing (skilful in using) the harp, 
citharae sciens, Hor. Od. 3, 9, 10. i 
novi, perf. of nosco: to know super- 
Jficially : he w.s everything, omnia novit, 
Juv. 3,77. 10. sapio, ivi, and ii, 3: 
to have taste or perception. Join: in- 
telligere et sapere, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 48: 
when he first began to u., quum primum 
sapere coepit, id. Fam. 14, 1. 11, ac- 
cipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 (to receive as true) : 
things which I scarcely u. stood, quae pa- 
rum accepi, id. N. D. 3, 1,4. 12, capesso, 
ivi,itum, 3: Gell.12,1, 11. 18, sentio, 
si, sum, 4 (u. by senses): this animal 
alone us what order is, unum hoc 
animal sentit quid sit ordo, Cic. Off. 1, 
4, 14. 14, Griidior, 4, pass. (to be 
instructed): he u.stood the Persian lan- 
guage so well, sermone Persarum adeo 
eruditus est, Nep. Them. fo. 15. 
interprétor, 1: @ letter, which I could 
scarcely u., quam interpretari ipse vix 
poteram, Cic. Att. 15, 28. I. To ve- 
ceire information : 1, intelligo, lexi, 
lectum, 3: Cic, Att. 6, 9, 3. 2, com- 
pério, éri, ertum, 4: these things were 
u.stood from the prisoners, ex captivis 
haec comperta, Liv. 27, 5: to have 
u.stood, compertum habeo, Cic. Cluent. 
45, 127. 3, accipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: 
if they had u.stood by common report, 
si.... accepissent fama et anditione, id. 
Ne Dinas sts Os: 4, audio, 4: [have 
u.stood from older persons, audivi de 








majoribus natu, id. Brut. 26, roo. 5, 
certior fio: Caesar having u.stood by 
scouts, C. per exploratores c. factus, 
Caes. B. G. I, 12. li]. In gram.: 1, 
intelligo: a word is u.stood from an- 
other word, verbum ex verbo intelligi- 
tur (éxAeus), Quint. 8, 6, 21. 2. 
subaudio: Ulp. Dig. 28, 5, 1: Ascon. in 
Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 4. 

understand thoroughly: 1. cal- 
leo, ui, 2: Pl. Pers. 2, 1, 8. 2. pernosco, 
novi, notum, 3: the movements of men's 
minds must be u.stood thoroughly, 
animorum motus penitus pernoscendi, 
Cic. de Or.1,5,17. 8, certum habeo : 
nor do Tu. that very thing thoroughly, 
beque id ipsum certum habeo, id. Att. 
L135 Ke 

——, to make or let a person: 

A, Vo ucquaint: certiorem facio: 

Cic. Att. 9, 26: v. TO ACQUAINT. B. 
10 convey a meaning : significo, 1: they 
began to make it understood by the voice, 
voce significare coeperunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 
13. Phr.: what ts to be u.stood by that 
speech ? quid volt sibi haec oratio ? ‘Ter. 
Heaut. 4, 1,2: what is u.stood by those 
statues (what do they mean)? quid sibi 
volunt illae statuae? Cic. Verr. 2, 61, 
150: it is a question what thing is to 
be u.stood by that name, quae res ei 
(nomini) subjicienda sit, Quint. 7, 3, 4. 

— privately: subintelligo: Hie- 
ron. Ep. 145. 

understanding (a7j.): _péritus: 
u. well how to move tears, lacrimarum 
movendarum peritissimus, Plin. Ep. 2, 
1I, tnit.: Vv. TO TEACH, TO KNOW, 
INTELLIGENT. 

understanding (svbs.): 1, In- 
tellect : mens, ingénium: v. INTELLECT. 

2. Agreement, condition, bargain : 


q. Vv. 
undertake : |. In gen. sense: 
1, suscipio, cépi, ceptum, 3: fo u. a 
business, negotium s., Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 5: 
u. the cause of the senate, suscipe cau- 
sam senatus, id. Verr. 1, 17, 51. 2. 
simo, sumpsi, sumptum, 3: sometimes 
with dat. of person: J wu. the study of 
philosophy, mibi ipse s. studium philoso- 
phiae, id. Acad. 1, 2,7: who u.s to write 
the deeds of Augustus? quis res gestas 
Augusti scribere sumit? Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 
1: the war which the people ordered to 
be un with Antiochus, duellum quod 
cum Antiocho populus sumi jussit, Liv. 
36, 2. 3, aggrédior, gressus, 3, dep. : 
let us u. some great thing, magnum quid 
aggrediamur, Cic. Att. 2,14: with prep. 
ad: when I u.took the case, quum ad 
causam sum aggressus, id. de Or. 2, 72, 
291. 4, récipio, 3 (make a bargain to 
do a thing): the man who had u.n to do 
it, illum, qui sese facturum recepisset, 
id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114: which thing in- 
duced me to u, the case, quae res me im- 
pulit, ut... causam reciperem, ib. I, 2: 
see below. 5, incipio, 3 (to begin): 
they u.took it with this hope, hac illi spe 
hoc inceperunt, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 20: to 
think that Aeschinus should u. such a 
thing! hoccine incipere Aeschinum ! ib. 
30. 6. capio, cépi, capere, 3: to 
form or u. a plan, consilium capio, 
Cic. Fam. 14, 12: in old legal phraseol., 
to u. an office, magistratum capio, id. 
Leg. 3, 3, 8: v. TO TAKE. 7, molior, 
itus, 4 (fo plan): you have nothing 
here to u., hic, quod moliare, nihil habes, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 51; 133: 8, ineo, ivi and 
ii, itum (enter upon), 4: to u.a plan, 
rationem ineo, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 30: 
consilium ineo, Ov. Fast. 3, 380: J will 
u. your duties, tua munera inibo, Virg. 
Aen. 5,846. 9, cOnor, 1 (to attempt): 
to think before u.ing, prius cogitare 
quam conari, Nep. Dat. 7. 10, coepi, 
def. (to begin): let me jirst relate what 
I u.took, hoe, quod coepi, primum enar- 
rem, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 32. I]. 7ou.a 
work for pay: 1, recipio, 3: see also 
above, L., 4. 2. condtco, duxi, duc- 
tum, 3: the contractor who had u.taken to 
make the column..., qui columnam.., 
conduxerat faciendam, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 
47. 3, rédimo, émi, emptum, 3: he wu. 
took the quarrels of the society, not his 


UNDERTAKER 


a 
own, societatis, non suas lites redemit, id. 
Rose. Com. 12, 35. II]. Vo v. @ legal 
case: 1, causam Ago: Liv. 37, 54. 

2. c. défendo: Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 198: 
v. TO DARE, ATTEMPT. 

undertaker : [ielugenss *? 1, 
expr. by qui suscipit, incipit, ete. a 
susceptor: Just. 8, 3. , A con- 
tractor : conductor: the u, of that work, 
ejus operis conductor, Cic. Q. F. 3, 1, 
I: V. CONTRACTOR. Wh. An uw of 
funerals : 1. ldcator funeris, Plin. 7, 

" 2, libitinarius: Sen, Benet. 
6, 38, 3. 3, pollinctor: Mart. 10, 97, 
3. Todischarge the duty of an u.: libi- 
tinam exerceo, Val. Max. §, 2, 10. 
undertaking : I. The act of: 
1, inceptio: ‘Ver, Andr. 1, 3, 13. 
2. inceptus, us (rare); Nep. Ipbic. 
2 (al. impetus): Val. Fi. 6, 124. ll. 
The thing undertaken: 1, inceptum: 
Liv. 31, 26. 2. coeptum: Virg. 
Georg. 1, 40. 3. facinus, dris, n.: a 
noble u., egregium f., Liv. 31, 26. 4, 
factum: Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 40. 5, res sus- 
cepta: to breaic off an u.: rem suscep- 
tam dirimo, Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31: V. PLAN, 
ATTEMPT, ENTERPRISE. 
undertreasurer : 1. officialis 
comitis thesaurorum, Cod. 12, 24, 2. 
2. perb. aerarii custos secundus: v. 
Suet. Aug. 36: v. TREASUKER. 
undervalue: v. ONDERRATE. 

— wood: 1, silva caedua, 
Cato, R. R. 1, 7: Gaius, Dig. 50, 16, 30. 

. 2, virgulta, pl.: Virg. Ecl. 10, 7. 

8, arbusta, pl.: id. Georg. 2, 416. 
4, diméta, pl.: Hor. Od. 3, 29, 23: 
v. BRUSHWOOD. 

—— write: Vv. TO SUBSCRIBE. 

—— writer: one who joins in a 
written undertaking : consponsor, Cic. 
Fam. 16, 18: v. SUBSCRIBER. 

undeserved : 1, imméritus : 
praises not u., laudes non immeritae, 
Liv. 4, 13, ext. : with wu. help, immerita 
ope, Ov. Fast. 2, 42. 9. indignus: to 
suffer u. treatment, indigna pati, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 811: an wu. wrong, indigna in- 
juria, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 3. 3, injust- 
us: most u. inconveniences, injustissima 
incommoda, Cic. Fam. 5, 17. 4. in- 
débitus: rewards not u., praemia non 
indebita, Ov. Her. 16, 19. 5, falsus: 
u. distinction, f. honor, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 
39: V. DESERVED. 

undeservedly : 1, immérito: 
Ter. Phorm. 1, 5, 59: most w., immeri- 
tissimo, ib.: also as subs., -um: they 
put me to death u., immerito meo me 
morti dedere, Pl. Asin. 3, 3, 18. DA 
indigné: Ter. Hec. 3, 3,413; indignissime, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 38. 3. immérenter: 
Val. Max. 6, 2, extr. I. 4, expr. also 
by immérens; having complained that 
his life was being taken from him u., 
conquestus eripi sibi vitam immerenti, 
Suet. Tit. 10. 

undeserving: AB. In good sense: 

1, immérens: they kill wu. (innocent) 
persons as criminals, immerentes, ut 
sceleratos occidunt, Nep. Dion 10; do- 
minus immerens, Hor. Od. 2, 13, 12. 

2. imméritus: ib. 1, 28, 30: the 
guilty and the u. (innocent), sontes {m- 
meritique, Ov. Vrist. 2, 274. B. In 
bad sense: indignus: the calamities of 
u. men, hominum indignorum calami- 
tates, Cic. Tuse. 4, 20, 46: V. WORTHLESS, 
UNWORTHY, 

undesigned: fortuitus (i long, Hor. 
Od. 2,15, 17) an wu. shipwreck, fortui- 
tum naufragium, ‘lac. A. 14, If: Vv. DE- 
SIGNED. 

undesignedly : témére: Cic. Div, 
2, 6, 15. 

undesigning: v. ARTLESS, SIMPLE. 

undesirable: non expétendus: a 
station u. on account of the pirates, em- 
porium.... non expetendum propter 
piratas, Plin. 6, 23, 26, 104: V. DESIR- 
ABLE, TO DESIRE. 

undesvoiled: inspoliatus, 
Aen. 11, §94: V. UNPLUNDERED. 

undetected: 1. indéprensus: an 
u. mistake, i. error, Virg. Aen. 5, 591. 

2. obsciirus: ib. 2, 135. 3. se- 

crétus; an wu. fault, secreta culpa, Sen. 


Virg. 








UNDISTINGUISHED 


UNDRAW 





Hipp. 721: 
SECRET. 


undetermined: Vv. UNDECIDED, IN- | 


DETERMINATE. 
undeveloped : Not made 
known : ]. célatus: wu. virtue, celata 
virtus, Hor. Od. 4, 9, 30. 2, non vul- 
gatus: methods u. before, non ante vul- 
gatae artes, Hor. Od. 4,9, 2: v.10 HIDE, 
TO CONCEAL, KNOWN, TO MAKE. 3: 
ambiguus: a boy of u. disposition, am- 
bigui ingenii, Plin. Ep. 4, 2: v. boust- 
FUL. I]. Unvripe, not matured or 
grown up : 1, immatirus: wu. plans, 
immatura consilia, Liv. 22, 38: im- 
matura virgo, Ulp. Dig. 50, 10, 28. 2. 
ridis, e: not full-grown, r,agna, Mart. 9, 
2; 16: 8. cradus: cruda puella, 
Mart. 8, 64, Il: V. UNRIPE, GROWN UP, 
TO DEVELOP. 
undigested: |. Of food: 1. 
criidus; crudus pavo, Juv. I, 143. 
2. imperfectus: i. cibus, id. 3, 233. 
3, réses, idis, not used in nom, sing. : 
u. pieces of cheese, resides ~asei, Varr. 
Reh. 2) rr, *2: Il. Zmperfectly con- 
sidered: inordinatus. Join: inordin- 
atus aut indistinctus, Quint. 8, 2, 23: v. 
CONFUSED, DISORDERLY. 
undiminished: 1, imminitus: 
Dig. 24, 2, 6. 2. inatténuatus: wu. 
hunger, inatt. fames, Ov. Met. 8, 844. 
8. indélibatus (untasted): u. 
wealth, indelibatae opes, Ov. Trist. 1, 4, 
28. 4, illibatus: w. empire, illibatum 
imperium, Liv. 3, 62. 5, indémi- 
tus: Fig.: wu. contest, Mars indomitus, 
Virg. Aen, 2,440. 6, sdlidus: solidae 
vires, ib. 639: V. ENTIRE, TO DIMINISH. 
undiscerned: imperceptus: wu. 
Jalsehoods, impercepta mendacia, Ov. 
Met. 9, 710: v. UNSEEN. 
undiscernible: Vv. INVISIBLE, INDIS- 
CRIMINATE. 
undiscerning: Vv. DULL. 
undisciplined : inexercitatus : 
Join: rudis et inexercitatus, Cic. Tusc. 
2, 16, 38. Phr.:an uw. soldier, tiro, ib.: 
uite u., nulla disciplima assnefactus, 
aes. B.G. 4, 2: @ man previously u., 
qni non ante majorum disciplinam per- 
cepit, Cic. Div. 1, 41, 91: Vv. UNTRAINED, 
UNTAUGHT. 
undiscoverable: indepréhensihilis : 
Psend.-Quint. 4, 15: V. DISCOVERABLE, 
TO DISCOVER. 
undiscovered: 1, irrépertus: u. 
gold, aurum irrepertum, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 
4). 2. indéprensus (or indeprehen- 
sus): V. UNDETECTED. Phr.. things u., 
res caligine mersae, Virg. Aen. 6, 267. 


undisguised: Vv. OPEN, TO DIs- 
GUISE. = 
undisguisedly : 1, palam : 


Join: palam et libere: Cic. N. D. 2, 
63, 151. 2. cdram: Hor. Od. 3, 6, 29. 
3. propalam: Tac. A. 6, 7: V. 

OPENLY. 

undismayed: v. UNDAUNTED. 

undisputed; certus: an w. posses- 
ston, certa possessio, Cic. Fam. 12, 25. 
Phr.: the matter was u., controversia 
non erat, id. Caecin. 11, 31: a@ matter 
which ts u., res quae ab adversario non 
negatur, ib. 32: since this is u., quum 
hoc constet, ib: v. TO DISPUTE, UN- 
DOUBTED. 

undissembled: v. UNDISGUISED, TO 
DISSEM BLE. 

undistinguishabie : indiscrétus : 
offspring (twins) u. by their own par- 
ents, proles indiscreta suis parentibus, 
Virg. Aen. to, 392. Phr.: things u. by 
the sight, quae cernere et videre non 
possumua, Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 161: things 
which are u. from the false, qualia (or 
quae) a falsis discerni (or internosci) 
non possunt, Cic. Acad. 4, 7, 22: Vv. IN- 
DISTINCT, UNDISTINGUISHED, 

undistinguished: |. ot sepa- 
rate: indiscrétus: some persis use 
these names u. (without distinction), 
quidam indiccretis his nominibus utun- 
tur, Cels. 4, 3. I]. Not remarkable, 
mean: |, ignobilis, e: Cic. Verr. 5, 11, 
28. 9. inglorius: an wu. life, vita in- 
gloria, id. ‘Tusc. 3, 34, 81: V. REMARK- 
ABLE, MEAN, UNKNOWN. Phr.: to pass 











Vv. TO HIDE, TO DETECT, lan u. life, vitam silentio transire, Sall, 
Ca 


t. I. 


undisturbed: 1. imperturbatus- 


Ov. Ibis 560. 2, immdtus~ u. peace, 
immota pax, Tac. A. 4, 32. 3, sté- 
bilis, e: anu. and sure continuance, sta- 
bilis et certa permansio, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 


164. 4, imminis, e: u. by war, i. belli, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 558. Phr.: J will leave 
you u. (hy enquiries), nilil te interpel- 
labo, Cic. Tuse. 1, 8, 16: u. by enquiry, 
sine ulla interpellatione, id. Fam. 6, 18: 
u. peace, summa pax, Lucr. I, §8: v. 
CALM, QUIET, FREE, TRANQUIL. 
undisturbedly: v. caLwiy, qurerty. 
undivided : 1. indivisus: u, 
hoofs, ungulae i. as, Varr. R. BR. 2, 7, 22 
V. UNBROKEN, ENTIRE, WHOLE. 
unicus (in moral sense): u. agreement, 
unica concordia, Liv. 3,33. Phro: with 
u. attention, tota mente atque omni 
animo, Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 89: he gives his 
u. attention to the war, totus et mente 
et animo in bellum... insistit, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 5: the river Fibrenus flows u., 
.--iIN unum confluit, Cic. Leg. 2, 3,6: 
u. by complaints, non divulsus queri- 
moniis, v. Hor. Od. 1, 13, 19: Vv. ONK, 
UNANIMOUS, TO AGREE, TO DIVIDE. 
undivulged: v. To pIvULGE, 
KNOWN, SECRET, 
undo: |. To untie (a lenot): 1, 
solvo, vi, sdlitum, 3; nodum solvo, Hor. 
Od. 3, 21, 22. 9, dissolvo,3: toma 
broom (prov.), scopas dissolvo, Cic. Orst. 
11,233. 93, exsolvo, 3: hastening to get 
the cord undone, properans exsolyi res- 
tim, Pl. Rud. 2, 3, 7. 4, résolvo, 3 (to 
open): to u. a letter, resolvo literas, 
Liv. 26, 15. 5, dissipo, 1: to join 
things undone, dissipata connecw, Cic 
Or. 71, 235. 6. expédio, 4: until this 
knot be undone, dum hie nodus expedi- 
atur, Cic. Att. §, 21, 3. 7. dissuo (un- 
sew), itum, 3: to u. friendships, amice 
tias d., id. Off. 1, 33, 120: V. TO UNTIE, TO 
LOOSE, TO UNBIND. |. To destroy, to 
TuUIN: ], irritum facio, or efficio: 
you u. everthing, omnia irrita facts, 
Liv. 9,11: he will not u., non irritum 
efficiet, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 45. 9. in- 
fectum reddo: ib. 47. 3. pessum do, 
or in one word, pessumd, dédi, datum, 
1: they will u. me or my master, me aut 
herum pessum dabunt, Ter. Andr. 4, 3, 
3: V. TO RUIN, TO DESTKOY. 
undone, to be: péree, ii (ivi), Ttum, 
4: we ave u., periimus, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 26, 
Join: interii, perii, Pl. Most. 4, 4, 36. 
undoer: perditor: u. of the state, p. 
reipublicae, Cic. Planc., 36, 89: Vv. DE- 
STROYER. 
undoing: dissdlitio: the u. of all 
laws, lesum omnium d., Cic. Phil. 1, 9 
21: V. RUIN, DESTRUCTION. 
undone: V. UNFINISHED, RUINED. 
undoubted : ], inddbitatus: u. 
hope, i. spes, Plin. 31, 3, 27. 2. haud 
dibitandus: Virg. Aen. 3, Io. a 
non diibius: wu. friends, non dubii so- 
dales, Ov. Pont. 4, 13, 1: and tu is uw, 
neque est dubium, Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317. 
4. justus (well-ascertained): an 4, 
enemy: Join: justus et legitimus 
hostis, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108. 5, virus 
(genuine): u. children, veri nati, Prop. 
ot PLB 6, certus: u. signs, certa 
signa, Virg. Georg. 1,351. Join: plan- 
us et certus, Pl. Pers. 2, 2, 1% ¥. CER- 
TAIN, GENUINE, REAL. 
undoubtedly : 1. 
Liv. 39, 40. 9, Aiperte: u. bad, a 
malus, Plin, Ep. 3, 9- 3. pliine: 
Join: plane atque omnino, Cic. Brut 
59. 215. 4. sine: wu J may be 
countrified, rustica sim sane, Ov, Her. 
I}, 13: ¥. CERTAINLY, TRULY. 
undoubtedly: ¥. UNHESITATINGLY. 
undowered: ¥. UNENDOWED. 
undrained: Y-. TO DRAIN, TO EX- 
HAUST. 
undraw: (@ curtain): 1, au- 
laeum premo: v. Smith, Dict. of Antiq. 
p. 1046. 9, aulaeum mitto’ the 
curtains are wn, aulaea premurtur, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 189: the curtain being 
um, aulaeo misso, Phaedr. §. % 23. 
Phr.: the urn leaves no = un, 
3 


UN- 


priculdibto : 


UNDRESS 





UNENCUMBERED 





..« Movet urna nomen, Hor. Od. 


undress (v.) 1, exuo, ui, itum, 
3° (i. absol. and with vestem under- 
stood) wu. therefore, exue igitur, PI. 
Men. 1. 3, 16. (ii. with ace. and abl 
undress a person): aliquem veste exuo, 
Suet. Ner 32; pellibus exuo, Hor, Epod. 
17,15. 2, vestem detraho: Cic. Brut. 
75,262. 3, nido, 1: he ordered the 
tribunes to be u.’d, nudari tribunos 
jussit, Liv 29,9 v. To STRIP. 
undres; (subs.): in a state of u., 
Phr . in veste recincta (slightly fasten- 
ed), Virg. Aen. 4, 518; tunica recincta, 
Ov. Am. 3, 1. §1; discincta tunica, ib. 
3, 2, 312 discinctus, Hor. S. 2, 1, 733 
sine toga candida (not in full dress), 
Liv. 39, 39; quidlibet indutus, opp. to 
purpureus amictus, Hor. Kp. 1, 17, 283 
cultu non speciosus, Petron. 88: v. UN- 
ADORNED. TO DRESS, 
undressed : |. Without clothes : 
nfidus: Virg. Georg. I, 299: Vv. BARE, 
TO STRIP. Il. Onprepared : il 
cridus: w. hides, coria cruda, Vitr. 10, 
21: v Plin. 13,9, 19. =Q, ridis, e: wu. 
wool, rudis lana, Ov Met. 6, 19. a 
surdus: wu. material, surda materia, 
Plin. 13, 15,30. 4 inddlatus: Arnob. 
P- 444, Gauth.: v. UNCOOKED, TO DRESS, 
UNFASHIONED. 
undressing-room: apodytérium : 
Cic. Q. F. 3, 1, T: V ROBING-ROOM, DRESS- 
ING-ROOM. 
undue: 1, indébitus (not due): 
rewards u., praemia non indebita, Ov. 
Her. 16, 19. v. DUE. Q, Iniquus (exces- 
Sive): u, weight, iniquum pondus, Virg. 
Georg. I, 164 vV. EXCESSIVE, INSUFFI- 
CIENT. 
undulate: 1, undo, 1: uing 
smole, undans fumus, Virg. Aen. 2, 
609 . an u.ing cloak ( floating in waves), 
undans chlamys, Pl. Epid. 3, 3, 51. 
2. fluctuo, «: an u.ing crowd, turba 
fiuctuans, Tac. H. 1, 40: the corn ws 
with the W. wind, fluctuat Zephyro 
seges, Sen. H. Fur. 698. 3, vacillo, r: 
the earth u.s, terra vacillat, Lucr. 5, 1235. 
4, vibro, 1 the earth shakes and 
u.s, tremit terra vibratque, Plin. 2, 80, 
82. 5. niito, 1: the buildings u.d, 
tecta nutabant, id. Ep. 6, 16. v. To 
ROCK, TO FLUCTUATE, TO WAVE. 
undulating: 1, undalabundus - 
Gell. 2, 30, 3, with an u. motion : >: 
undabundus. Amm. Mare. 17, 7, med. 
3, undilatus: of an u. (wavy) 
pattern: und. togae, Varr. ap. Non. 
Mare. p. 189. 4, undatus: a shell of 
an u. form, imbricatim undata concha, 
Plin. 9, 33, 52. 5. undatim: id. 13, 
15,30. 6, fluctuatim: Afran.ap. Non, 
p.111. 7%, undanter: Mart. Cap. 2, 35: 
Vv. TO WAVE, TO ROCK. 
undulation: 1, motus, is: when 
the seas lay aside their u.s, quum po- 
nunt aequora motus, Prop. 3, 13, 31. 
2. trémor, dris: wu. of the earth: t. 
terrae, Piin. Ep. 6, 20. 
undulatory,; Vv UNDULATING, WAVY. 
unduly; (usu. on side of excess): 
1, égrégie. he follou ed none of these 
pursuits u., horum nihil egregie studebat, 
Ter, Andr. 1, 1, 31. 2, nimis ib. 
34: u. lux, nimis remissus, Nep. Iphic. 
3 3, nimium uw. loyal, n. pii, Hor. 
Ods 33933558: 4. malé. @ shoe u. 
loose, m. laxus calceus: id. S. 1, 3, 31 
u. rich,m pinguis, Virg. Georg. 1, 105 
5. plus justo. Hor. Od. 3, 7, 24. 
6, expr. by comp.: u. disturbed in 
mind, animo commotior: Tac. A. 4, 3: 
u. angry, iracundior: Just. 7, 6 his 
death disturbed me u., plus quam (servi) 
mors debere videbatur, commoverat, 
Cic. Att. 1, 12, 5. v, INADEQUATELY, 
EXCESSIVELY, OVERMUCH. 
undutiful: impius: impia manus, 
Hor. Epod. 3, 1: v. DISOBEDIENT, UN- 
KIND. 
undutifulness: impiétas: Ov Met. 
4,4: ib. 8, 477. 
undying; v. DEATHLESS, UNFADING, 
unearth: 1, tellure (or terra) 
récludo v Virg. Aen. 1, 358. De 
détégo, texi, tectum, 3 when the bones 
89, 








of Capys had been u.’d, quando ossa 
Capyis detecta essent, Suet. Jul. 81: v. 
TO DIG UP 
unearthJy: 1, haud (07 non} mor- 
talis Virg. Aen. 1, 328. 9. muu- 
strudsus @ most u. monster, mon- 
siruosissima bestia, Cic. Div 2, 32, 69 
3. humano major: Ov. Fast. 2, 
4. prodigio-us: id. Am. 3, 6, 
". 5, inhimanus: an wu. ban- 
quet, inh. mensa, Apul. Met. 5, 7, p. 
162, Elm. 6, non ténuis: v. Hor. Od. 
ZO 7. mirus Virg. Aen. 6, 738. 
8, terribilis: ib. 299: v. HEAVENLY, 
SUPERNATURAL, STRANGE, MONSTROUS. 
uneasily: 1, moleste. to bear 
u. m. fero, Cic. Q. F 1, 1, f. 2. 
graviter: ib, 8. aegre. ae. patior, 
Liv 7, 13,4. 4, male: fo sleep u., m. 
dormio, Petron. 86. _§. inconstanter - 
Join: i, et turbide, Cic. Tuse. 4, 10, 24. 
6, turbate: Caes. B. C. 1, 5. ie 
trépide Suet. Ner. 23. 
uneasiness: 1, perturbatio: (in 
sleep), Cic. Div. 1, 30, 62: wu. of tempers, 
p. animorum, id. Agr. 1, 8, 24. 2. 
turba: id. Fam. 6, 6, extr. 3, trepi- 
datio- id. Deiot. 7, 20. 4, commotio 
id. Tusce. 4, 6, 11. 5, sollicitido, inis: 
Pomp. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, A. 6. 
aegritudo, agen. term applied to various 
passions by Cic. Tusc. 3, 10, 21, and 
elsewhere : Vv. ANXIETY, FEAR, DISQUIET. 
-to feel: v. ANXIOUS, TO BE: 
UNEASY 
-to cause: v. TO TROUBLE, TO 
ANNOY, TO DISTURB. 
uneasy: |. In mind: J, tré- 
pidus: Virg. Georg. 4, 73. 2. pa- 
vidus: Vitellius, u. at every suspicion, 
V. ad omnes suspiciones pavidus, Tac. 
H. 2, 68: v. RESTLESS, ANXIOUS, TIMID. 
|]. As @ seat, a bed, etc.: v. UNCOM- 
FORTABLE. 
-to make; v. TO DisTURB, TO 
HARASS. 
unedifying: 1, frigidus: Cic. 
Brut. 48, 178. Q. jéjiinus : id. Off. 1, 
44, 157. 3. insulsus: id. Fam. 9, 16: 
V. COLD, DULL, LIFELESS. 
uneducated : 1. inériditus: an 
u. judge, i. judex: Quint. 10, 1, 32. 
Q. indoctus: Themistocles was re- 
garded as vather u., T. habitus est in- 
doctior, Cic, Tusc. 1, 2,4. 3, riidis, e: 
plainly u., plane rudis, id. de Or. 2, 39, 
162. 4. non satis ériiditus- id. Tusc. 
1 oe ey 5, non doctus: id. de Or. 
2, 13, 54. 6. sine doctrina: id. Arch. 
5) TO; 7, ignarus disciplinae, id. CO. 
Rab, to, 28. 8. nulla disciplina as- 
suefactus: v. Caes. B. G. 4, 1. 9. 
mediocriter doctus, Plin. Ep. 1, 10. 
Phr.. the u. rudeness of barbarians, 
neglecta barbarorum inscitia, Cic. Fam. 


503. 
17 











9: 3  V. UNSKILLED, UNTAUGHT, TO EDU- 
CATE, 
unembarrassed: |. Free from 


burden. v FREE, UNENCUMBERED 
In manner: liber: an wu. voice, vox 
libera, Liv 35, 32. In an wu. manner. 
Join simpliciter et libere, Plin. Ep. 1, 
13: familiariter: I will speak with you 
u, (without embarrassment), f. tecum 
loquar, Cic. Div. in Coec. 12, 37. 
unem >loyed: 1. Otidsus: Cic, 
Brut. 3,10: it is better to be wu. than to do 
nothing, satius est otiosum esse quam 
nihil agere, Plin. Ep. 1, 9: money w., 
Otiusae pecuniae, ib. I0, 62. b 
vacuus: Hor, Od. 1, 6, ry; Cic. Leg. 1, 
4, 13 U. money, vacua pecunia, Vv i. 
numi, Dig. ib. 3, 28: operum v. Hor. 
S. 2, 2, 119. 3, feriatus: Varr. R. R. 
4. liber laborum: Hor. 


1. cesso, 1 : Cic. Sen. 6, 
18. 2. nibil Ago: ib. 17. 3. nihil 
negotii habeo- id. Off. 3, 28, 102. 4, 
vaco, I: to be u. in mind, vaco animo, 
id. Div. 1, 6, 10. Phr.: he ts quite u., 
nullis occupationibus est implicatus, id. 
N. D. 1 20, §2. 

unencumbered : 1, liber: my 
estate is very far from being u. tantum 
abest ut meae rei familiaris liberum sit 
quidquam, Cic. Fam. 11, 10. 2. ex- 
péditus . id. Att. 8, 9, 3: Quint. 6, 23. 


— to be: 


UNEVEN 





3. sdlitus wu. by any loan, s. omn! 
foenore, Hor. Epod, 2. 4; soluta praedia, 
(opp. to obligata), Cic. Agr. 3,2,9. 4, 
u. by debt, aere alieno liberatus, Cic. 
Att. 6, 2, 3. V. FREE, TO RELIEVE, TO 
BURDEN, TO ENCUMBER. 

unendowed : indotatus. an uw. art, 
ars indotata, Cic. de Or. I, 55, 234: V 
TO ENDOW. 

unenglish: perh. *contra mores et 
eonsuetudinem Anglorum. To be um- 
english : * cousuetudini et moribus A. 
repugno, 

unenlightened :_1. riidis,e: Join: 
rudis et imperitus, Lactant. Div Inst. 
I, 21; hebes atque impolitus, Cie. de Or, 
2, 31, 133. Q, minus ériiditus: tne u. 
ages of mankind, m. erudita hominum 
secula, id. Rep. 2, 10; v, UNEDUCATED, 

unenterprising : 1, invudax: 

or. Od. 3, 20, 3. 2. pisillanimis 
(late). sidon. Ep. 9, 17. 

unenviable: v. ENVIABLE, SAD, TO 
ENVY. 
unenvied: 1, intactus invidia: 
Liv. 45, 35. 2. non aemulationi ob- 
noxius, Tac. A. 3,58. Phr.. anu. life 
(free from envy), vita remota a procellis 
invidiarum, Cic. Cluent. 56, 15 3. 

unequal: |, Simple disparity: 

1, impar, paris: u. forms and tem- 
pers, impares formae atque animi, Hor. 
Od. 1, 33, Io. 2. dispar. wu. periods, 
disparia tempora, Cie. N. D. 1, 31, 87: 
Sormed of 7 u. reeds, septem disparibus 
cicutis compacta, Virg. Ecl. 2, 36: bro- 
thers u. neither in age nor strength, 
fratres, neque aetate nec viribus dispares, 
Liv. 1,24. 3, disparilis, e (rare) . the 
u. atmosphere of the world, d. adspiratio 
terrarum, Cic. Div. 1, 36,79. 4, inaequa- 
lis, e: nothing is more u. than equality 
itsel/, nihil est ipsa aequalitate inae- 
qualius, Plin. Ep. 9, 5. 5, varius, 
alternating : they fought with u. result, 
vario certamine pugnatum est, Caes. B.C, 
I, 46: v. EQUAL, EVEN (adj.), UNEVEN. 

I]. Superior: impar: wu. kindness, 
benevolentia i., Cic. Fam. 5, 8: v. SUPE- 
RIOR. II]. Znferior: 1, impar: u. 
to thee as a soldier, tibi miles impar: 
Hor. Od. 4, 6, 5: u. in valour, virtute 
impares, Phaedr, 4, 15, 8: u. to bear pain, 
i. dolori, Tac. A. 15,57: u. to the expense, 
i.sumtui, Ulp Dig. 3, 5,10. 2, dispar: 
not u. either in age or strength, nec 
aetate ec viribus dispares, Liv. 1, 24. 

3, iniquus an u. contest, pugna 
iniqua, Virg. Aen. 10, 889. Phr.: he 
was u. to (the task of ) payment, solvendo 
non erat, Cic. Att. 13, 10: to be u. to bear 
the jatigue of war, laborem belli ferre 
non possum, Caes, B. G. 6, 31: quite u. 
in point of valour, nequaquam par ad vir- 
tutem, Liv. 26, 16: v. EQUAL, INFERIOR 

unequalled : 1, perfectus: p. 
orator; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 71. Join: 
absolutus et perfectus, id. Div. 2, 72, 150. 

2, singiilaris, e: Aristotle, in philo- 
sophy almost u., in philusophia prope 
singularis, id. Acad. 4, 43,132. Join- 
summus et singularis: id. Brut. 85, 293: 
V. INCOMPARABLE, UNRIVALLED. 

unequally: 1, impariter: verses 
u. joined, versus i. juncti, Hor. A. P. 75. 

2. inaequaliter Liv. 37,53. 3, dis- 

pariliter: Varr.R.R.1,6,6. 4, inique: 
Aur, Vict. 23,4. Phr.: wu. matched in 
marriage. juncta impari (i. e. to a person 
of lower birth), Liv. 6, 34. 

unequivocal: indibius: wu. inno- 
cence, 1.a innocentia, Tac. A. 14, 45: 
Vv. UNDOUBTED, CERTAIN. 

unequivocally: _ 1, firmiter: to 
have promised u., promisisse f., Pl. Pseud. 
3. 2, III. 2, relictis ambiguitatibus, 
Sen. Ep. 108, 12 (amb. not used in plur. 
by Cicero). 3, plane: Join: plane et 
perspicue, Cic, Fin. 3, 5, 19: V. PLAINLY, 
CERTAINLY. 

unerring: certus: c, Apollo, Hor. 
Od. 1, 7, 28: certa sagitta, ib. 12, 23: v. 
INFALLIBLE, TO ERR. 

unessential: 1, adventitius(cius). 
u. aids, a. adjumenta, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 59. 

2, assumptivus: id. Inv. 1, 11, 15: 
V. ESSENTIAL, NECESSARY, 

uneven: 1, inaequalis, e: u. places, 


UNEVENNESS 





jnaequales loci, Tac. Agr. 36. o: 
inaequabilis: Varr. R. R, 1, 6, 6. Ay 
asper (rough): even or u. places, loci, 
leves an asperi, Cic. Part. 10, 36. 4, 
Iniquus: the u. rvdge, dorsum iniquum, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 303. 5, contragosus : 
c. loca, Liv. 28, 2. 6, confragus : 
Lucan 6, 126 v. ROUGH, RUGGED, 
UNEQUAL. Phr.: to play at even and 
u, (odd and even), ludo par impar, Hor, 
S. 2, 3, 248. 

unevenness: 1, inaequalitas : 
Coley; 12,. 3. Q, iniquitas~ i. loci, 
Caes, B. G. 3, 2. 3, asptritas: a. lo- 
corum, Sall. Jug. 75: V. ROUGHNESS, 
INEQUALITY. 

unexacted: v. TO Exact. 

unexaggerated: v. TO EXAGGE- 
RATE. 

unexamined: Vv. UNEXPLOKED, TO 
EXAMINE. 

unexampled: _1, inauditus (un- 
heard of): u. within all memory, in 
omni memoria i. Cic. Vatin. 14, 33- 

Q, iniisitatus: id. Coecin. 13, 26. 
3, novus: id. Vat. 1. c. 4, ini- 

cus: an u. eulogy (without parallel), 
elogium unicum, id, Sen, 17, 61. Phr.: 
it is u. in our time, non nostri saeculi 
est, Plin. Ep. 10, 98: v. UNCOMMON, 
UNEQUALLED. | 

unexcertionable: 1, ldciiple- 
tissimus (amply sufficient) : u. witnesses, 
1. testes, Cic. Brut. 93, 322. 2, pro- 
bissimus: p. vir, Plin. Ep. 10, 95. ae 
lectissimus: 1. foemina, Aut. ap. Cic. 
Att. 10, 8. 4. probatissimus: p. 
foemina, Cic. Coecin. 4, 10. 5, in- 
corruptus : an u. witness, incorrupta 
(fem.) testis, Ov. Pont. 3, 9, 50. 6. 
gravis: the u. evidence of an eminent 
man, grave testimonium clari hominis, 
Cic. Fam. 5, 12. 7, satis iddneus: an 
u. witness, s. idoneus testis, id. Font. 3, 
6. Phr.: an u. authority..., non sor- 
didus auctor..., Hor. Od. 1, 28, 14: v. 
WORTHY, TRUSTWORTHY, RESPECTABLE. 

unexecuted: v- UNFINISHED, TO 
EXECUTE. 

unexempt; Vv. TO EXEMPT. 

unexercised: V- UNPRACTISED, RAW, 
INEXPERIENCED, 

unexhausted: 1. inexhaustus: 
an u. eagerness for reading, i. avidi- 
tas legendi, Cic. Fam. 3,2,7. 2. plen- 
us: Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 100: v. ABUNDANT, 


FRESH, VIGOROUS, INEXHAUSTIBLE. T0 
be wnexzhausted: diiro, 1: the patience 


of the Jews was u., duravit patientia 
Judaeis, Tao. H. 5, 10: V. TO ENDURE, 
TO LAST. 
unexpected: 1, inexpectatus - 
Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 225. Q, indpinatus : 
Join: i. ac recens, Auct. Dom. 4, Io. 
3, nécdpinitus, or nec o. separately . 
u. advantages, n. bona, Cic. Off. 2, 10, 
36. 4. nécdpinus: wu. death, n. 
mors, Ov. Met. 1, 224. §, imspératus: 
Join; insperatum et nec opinatum ma- 
lum, Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 283 i. bonum, Pl. 
Stich.2,2,31. 6, répentinus (sudden): 
Join: r. et nec opinata, Cic. Tusc. 3, 
19, 45: an wu. accident, casus repen- 
tinus, id. Sest. 24, 53. 7, Improvisus 
(unforeseen): u, evils, mala improvisa, 
ib. 14, 30. 8, praeter expectationem ; 
what is u., quod est p. exp., id. de Or. 2, 
0, 284: V. UNFORESEEN. 


unexpectedly: 1, inspérato: 
Pl. Aul. Arg. 14. 9. ex insperato, 
Liv. 2, 35. 8, improviso: Caes. B.G, 


1, 13. Join: praeter opinionem im- 
proviso. Cic, Verr. 2, 74, 182. 4, ex 
improviso: ib. 1, 43,112. §, de impro- 
viso. id. Rose. Am. 52,151. 6, contra 
expectationem: w, to all, c. e. omnium, 
Hirt. B.G. 8, 40. 7, _praeter Spinion- 
em: Cic. Planc. 20, 49. 8, répenté 
(suddenly) : Pl. Cas. 2,5,26. 9, déré- 
pente: Cic. Lig. 5, 14. 10, indpin- 
anter, Suet. Tib. 60. 11, Indpmate 
(late): Sen. Helv. 5, 3. 12, néc- 
Spinanter: Gloss. Philox. 13, expr. 
by imprudens or inopinans, agr. with 
person not expecting: they attack the 
enemy u., imprudentes atque inopi- 
nantes hostes aggrediuntur, Caes. B. C. 
2, 3B. 14, so also by necopinans 





iT, 13, 39. 


UNFAITHFUL 





(or in two words): J released Ariobar- | 


zanes u., Ariobarzanem nec opinantem 
liberavi, Cic. Fam. 15, 4: Vv. UNAWARES, 
SUDDENLY. 


unexplored: Inexpldritus: wu. 


waters, i. vada, Liv. 26, 48: an u, (un- | 


tested) invention, i. inventio, Plin, 35, 6, 
25° V. UNATTEMPTED, UNTRIED. 
unexposed: Vv. TO EXPOSE, EXEMPT, 
unexpressive ; V. INEXPRESSIVE. 
unextinguishable: v- 
GUISHABLE. 
unextinguished: __ 1, inexstinct- 
us: an u. ire, i. ignis, Ov. Fast. 6, 297: 
u. appetite, i. libido, ib, 1, 413. Met.. 
an u. name (not forgotten), i. nomen, 
ib. Trist. 5, 14, 36. 2, nondum sa- 
tidtus: Fig.: u. cruelty, nondum s. 
crudelitas, Cic. Q. F. 1, 3, 1. 3. vi- 
vidus: u. enmities, v. odia, Tac. A. 15, 
rie 4, vivus: u. warmth, v. calor, 
v. Met. 4, 248. Phr.: the fires are 
still u., vivunt calores, Hor. Od. 4, 9, 1+ 
Vv. TO EXTINGUISH. 
unfaded or unfading: _ 1. in- 
cdlimis: u.d cheeks, i. genae, Hor. Od. 
4) 108: 2, perh. végétus: an ud 
intellect, vegetum ingenium, Liv. 6, 22. 
3. vivus: whose deeds still flourish 
u., cujus facta viva nunc vigent, Naev. 
ap. Gell. 6, 8, 5. 4, immarcescibilis 
(late): Join: incorruptus, immarces- 
cibilis, sempiternus, Tertull. Cor. Mil. 
15: Vulg.1 Pet. i.4: ib. v. 4: Vv. UNDE- 
CAYING, DEATHLESS, LASTING, TO FADE, 
The u. plant ; imarantus: Ov Fast. 4, 
439. 
unfailing : |. Continual: pér- 
ennis: u. waters, aquae perennes, Cic, 
Verr. 4, 48, 107: fons p. aquae, Tac. H. 
5,12: Vv. ABUNDANT, PERPETUAL. ll. 
Trustworthy: 1, certus. c. Apollo, 
Hor, Od. 1, 9, 28: c. amicus, Kim. ap. 
Cic. Am. 19, 64. 2, abséliitérius 
(rare): an wu. remedy, a. remedium, 
Plin. 28, 6, 17. 3, expr. by praesen- 
tissimus: among themost u. remedies, 
in p. remediis, ib. 4, 13: V. CERTAIN, 
SAFE, 
unfair: 1, Iniquus: an u. con- 
dition, i. conditio, Cic. Cluent. 34, go; 
it is a very u. thing, valde est iniquum, 
Auct. Har. resp. 3, 6, 2, injustus: 
nothing is more u. than an ignorant 
man, homine imperito nunquam quid- 
quam injustius, ler. Ad. 1, 2, 18. an wu. 
(excessive) burden, i. onus, Cic. Or. 10, 
35. 3. gravis, e: it is u. towards the 
Roman people, in populum Romanum 
grave est, id, Balb. 9, 24. 4, milus. 
a weight not u., non malum pondus, Pl. 
Amph. I, I, 159. 5, illibéralis,e: an 
u. addition, i. adjectio, Liv. 38, 14. 
Phr.: to be an wu. conclusion, non effici 
ex propositis, nec esse consequens, Cic, 
de Or. 2, 53, 215: V- ILLOGICAL, UNJUST, 
UNDESERVED. 
unfairly: 1, Inique: the com- 
parison has been drawn most u., iniquis- 
sime comparatum est, Cic. Cluent. 21, 
5. 9, injuste: most u., injustissime, 
Sall. Jug. 85. Join: male et injuste, 
Nep. Them. 7. 3, injiiria (abl.): u. 
suspected, 1. suspectus, Cic. Cat. I, 7, 17: 
T believe it, and 2xot u., credo, neque id 
1., Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 20. 
unfairness: 1, Yniquitas: Cio. 
de Or. 1, 48, 208. 2, injiiria: extreme 
right is extreme u., Summum Jus, sum- 
ma injuria, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33: Vv. IN- 
JUSTICE, PARTIALITY. 
unfaithful ; 1, infidus: wu. 
Friends, 1, amici, Cie. Am. 15, 53: the 
u. state of the Rhodians, i. civitas Rbo- 
diorum, Sall, Cat. 51. 9, infYdélis 
ji. Allobrox, Hor. Epod. 16.6. — 3, per- 
fYdus wu. friends, p. amici, Cic. Red. 
Quir. 9, 21. 4, perfididsus (u. by 
habit): p. in amicitia, id. Fam. 3, 10, 
5, mendax, ficis an u. mirror, 
speculum m., Ov. Trist 3, 7, 38 ¥ 
FAITHLESS, FALSE, UNTRUE. 6. in- 
cirldsus (inaccurate, wanting in re- 
search): i. historia, Suet. Galb. 3. 
—, to be: 1, fide cireo: Ov. 
Her. 17, 49. 9. fidem failo Cic. Off. 
8, fidem miito: Sall. Jug. 


UNFAVOURABLE 


5, déficio- v. To REVoLT. Phr} 
you have been u. enough already, sat ad- 
buc tua nos frustrata est fide, Ter Ad. 
4 4. 11: my memory is becomy u., 
memoria labat, Liv. 5, 18. 

unfaithful to a trust, to be: com- 
missa fide prodo, Hor. S. 1, 3, 95 
— to one’s duty, to be: L 
officio desum~ Cic. Fam. 7, 3 9, ab 





| Officio discedo: id. Off. 1, 10, 32. - 


INEXTIN- | 








ab officio recedo: ib. 3, 10, 19. 
unfaithfully : int idéliter - Cic. Ep, 
ad Brut. i: v. DECEITFULLY, PALSELY, 
TREACHEROUSLY. 
unfaithfulness: 1, infid@litas. 
saes. B. C. 2, 33. 2. perfidia: opp. 
to fides, Cic. Rose. Am. 38, 110, 3. 
mila fides (bad faith, breach of trust): 
trials about u., judicia de fide mala, id. 
N. D. 3, 30, 74. 4. délus milus, opp. 
to bona fides. id. Off. 3, 15, 61. 5. 
fraus: u. towards a client, fraus innexa 
clienti, Virg. Aen. 6, 609 6, pegli- 
gentia (want of care): the u. or positive 
treachery of a guardian, tutoris negll- 
gentia seu proditio, Cod. Theod. 3, 30, §. 
unfamiliar: 1. alignus u. with 
literature, a literis alienus, Cic. Rose. 
Am. 16, 46: u. with natural philosophy, 
in physicis a., id. Fin. 1, 6,17: v¥. 1GNO- 
RANT. 2. Join: peregrinus atque 
hospes, id. de Or. 1, 50,218; V. STRANGE, 
IGNORANT, KNOW, NOT TO. 
unfashionable: expr. by contra ea 
quae in consuetudine probantur, Cic. 
Acad. 4, 24, 75: contra morem consue- 
tudinemque, id. Off. 1, 41, 148: Vv. UN- 
COMMON, HOMELY. 

—, to be: 1, obsdleo, ui, or Evi, 
étum, 2. Jo become : obsolesco : Cic. Inv 
I, 26, 39. Q. a politiore elegantia ab- 
horreo;: id. Fin. 3, 2, 4. Phr.: an u. 
art, ars, cujus usus vulgaris communis- 
que non sit, ib. 3, I, 3. 

unfashioned : 1, infabricdtus 
oy, u. timber, robora silvis infabri- 
cata, Virg. Aen. 4, 400. 9. infectus 
vaw and u. material, rudis atque infecta 
materies, Petron. S. 114, 13. aurum 
factum infectumque (uncoimed, wun- 
wrought), Virg. Aen. 10, §27: V. UN 
FORMED. 

unfasten: 1, réfigo, fixi, fixum, 
3: tou.c shield, clipeum refigere, Hor. 
Od. 1, 28, 11: Virg. Aen. 5, 360. 2. 
laxo, 1: Sincn u.s the enclosure, laxat 
claustra, Virg. Aen. 2, 259. 3, lévo. 
1: Priam orders the chains to be u,’d, 
vincla levari jubet P., ib. 146: Vv. RE- 
LEASE, LOOSE. 

unfathome ble: v. BOTTOMLESS, 

unfathomed: ¥. UNEXPLORED. 

unfatigued: v UNTIRED. 

unfavourable: 1, iniquus: a 
most u. place, iniquissimus locus, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 27. 9. inimicus: u, fortune, 
fortuna inimica, Virg. Aen. 5, 356: u. 
Sor nourishment, ad corpus alendum 
i, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 19. 8, aliénus 
a most u, time, alienissimum tem- 
pus, Cic. Fam. 15, 14: a. locus, Nep. 
‘Them. 4. 4, adversus. uw. circum- 
stances, adversae res, Cic. Off. 1, 26, go: 
most u. winds, adversissimi venti, Caes. 
B.C. 3, 107. 5. foedus (disgraceful) : 
to fight with most u. result, foedissimo 
cum eventu pugno, Liv. 8,33. 6, inop- 
portiinus: a seat not u. jor discourse, 
sedes non i, sermoni, Cic. de Or. 3, §, 
{}. 7, infensus (in strict sense, Aos- 
tile): u. health (u. to exertion), |. vale- 
tudo, Tac. A. 14, 56. 8. sinister: the 
S. wind u, to trees, Notus arboribus 6, 
Virg. Georg. 1, 444. Me u. batie of 
Cannae, pugna sinistra Cannensis, Prop. 
372,16. 9, infaustus (unlucky): 
an u. omen, auspicium i, Virg. Aen. 


If, 347: 10, laevus: te u, deity, 
numen laevum, Mart. 6, 85, 3. 
ffinestus. an wu. omen, f. omen, Cic, 


Cluent. 5,14. 12, griivis,e anu. sea- 
son, grave tempus, Hor, Od. 3, 23, 8. 

13, versus: the mind of the god- 
dess became u., aversa deae mens, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 170: gods u. to the safety of the 
R. people, dii_aversi a salute populi Ro- 
mani, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 16. 14, 


42. 4, fidem amitto. Nep. Kum. fo. | infélix (foreboding evil): u. prophet, L 


895 


UNFAVOURABLY 






vates, Virg. Aen. 3, 246. 15, malig- 
aus (spiteful): u. laws, m. leges, Ov. 
Met. 10, 329. 16, inbabilis, e (un- 
suited): u. for crops, i. trugibus, Col. 
3,10,15. 17. Join: nec opportunus, 
nec commodus: Virg. Georg. 4, 129. 
18, infavdrabilis (late): an wu. opi- 
nvon, i. sententia, Dig. 37, 6,6. Phr.: 
a battle with an wu. result, proelium 
male pugnatum, Sall. Jug. 54: of the 
disease take an u. turn, si morbus am- 
plior siet, Ter. Hec. 3, I, 50: Vv, UN- 
FAVOURABLY : to form an u. judgment, 
prave aestimare, ‘Tac. H. 2, 23: to write 
an u. report of a colleague, de collega 
secus scribere, Liv. 8, 33: V. FAVOUR- 
ABLE, UNFORTUNATE, UNSUITABLE, 
unfavourably : 1, inique: to 
interpret u., inique interpretari, Gell. 4, 
15, 4. 2, malé: to turn out u., male 
evenire, Pl. Cure. 1, 1, 39: to think u. of 
a teacher, m. sentire de praeceptore, 
Quint. 2, 2, 12. 8. improspere: to 
turn out u., i. cedere, Col. 1, 1, 16. 4. 
minus prospere: Nep. Alc. 7. 5, in- 
favérabiliter (late): Dig. 50,2,2. Phr.: 
the disease goes on u., morbus aggravescit, 
Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 2. 

— disposed, to be: _ 1, male 
volo) Pi Ag 5. cents: 2, averso 
animo sum: Cie. Att. Il, 5: Vv. UNFA- 
VOURABLE, No, 14, 

unfeathered : v. UNFLEDGED. 

unfed : impastus: Virg. Aen. 9, 339: 
Vv. HUNGRY. 

unfeed: v. UNPAID. 

unfeeling: ], dtrus: d. arator, 
Virg. Georg. 4, 512. Join: durus et 
ferreus... inhumanus, Cic. Verr. 5, 46, 
121. Q. inhtmanus: Join: in- 
humanus aut ferus, Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 43. 

8. férus: Nep. Alec. 6. 4, cri- 
délis: Cic. Lig. 5, 15. 5, obtisus 
(dull): obtusa pectora, Virg. Aen. 1, 
567. G6, atrox: an wu. sentiment, 
Join: horrida et atrox sententia, Liv. 2, 
30. 7, immitis, e: i. tyrannus, Virg. 
Georg. 4, 492. 8, illacrymabilis, e 
(poet.): i. Pluto, Hor. Od. 2,14,6. 9, 
impius (void of parental feeling): im- 
pia Thracum pectora, id. Epod. 5, 13. 

10, acerbus (poet.): a mother u. 
towards her offspring, in partus mater 
acerba suos, Ov. Fast. 2, 624. nb E 
immisericors, cordis: Cic. Inv. 2, 36, 
108. 12. immansuétus: most u., 
immansuetissimus, Ov. Her, 18, 37. 
Phr.: poet., u. hearts, nescia precibus 
mansuescere corda, Virg. Georg. 4, 492. 

—, to become: 1. calleo, ui, 
2: Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, init. 9. 
Join: obduresco et humanitatem om- 
nem exuo, id. Att. 13, 2, I. 3, sen- 
sum omnem humanitatis amitto, id. 
Rose. Am. 53, 154, extv.: V. UNKIND. 

unfeelingly ; Vv. UNKINDLY. 

unfeigned: 1, sincérus: Join: 
sincerus atque verus, opp. to fucatus et 
simulatus, Cic. Am. 25, 95. 2, sim- 
plex: Join: simplex et apertus, id. 
Off. 1, 30, 108. 3. ingénuus: w. dis- 
gust, ingenuum fastidium, id. Brut. 67, 
236: Vv. TRUE, SINCERE. 

unfeignedly : 1. simpliciter : 
Join: s. et libere, Plin. Ep. 1, 13: s. et 
candide, Coel. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6. i 
sincére: Cic. Att. 9, 10, extr. sy 
aperte: Join: a. atque ingenue, id. 
Fam. 5, 2. 4, sine tuco et fallaciis, 
id. Att. 1, I, 1. 5, bona fide: J pro- 
mise this w., polliceor hoc b. f., id. Agr. 
2, 3", 100. 6, ex animo: id. Fam, 
II, 22: opp. to simuiate, id. N. D. 3, 
67, 168: ex animo ac vere, Ter. Eun. 1, 
2,95: V. TRULY, HEARTILY, SINCERELY. 

unfelt: v- TO FEEL. Phr.: the 
partial sensation being u. by the 
whole, partium sensu non pertinente in 
omnia, Liv. 25, 24. Expr. by act. verb: 
a cause which is u. by you, causa, quae 
te non attingit, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3. 

unfeminine: 1, masctilus: uw. 
Sappho, mascula Sappho, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 
28. 9. virilis: an u. matron, ma- 
trona virilis, Ov. Fast. 2, 847. oh 
asper: an wu. maiden, aspera virgo, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 664: an wu. person, AMa- 
zon, ib. 648: Vv. MASCULINE. 

396 





UNFLEDGED 


unfenced : V. UNDEFENDED, 

unfermented;: sine fermento: uw. 
bread, panis s. f., Cels. 2, 24: V. UN- 
LEAVENED, 

unfetter: v, To UNCHAIN. 

unfettered: 1. expéditus: togo 
inte Gaul u. (by legal difficulties), e. in 
Galliam “proficisci, Cic. Quint. 6, 23. 

9, sdhiitns: uw. by absurd laws, 

legibus insanis s., Hor. S. 2, 6, 68. 8}: 
non devinctus: Cic. Cluent. 58, 160. 

——, to be: vincula nulla habeo, 
Ov. Fast. 5, 432: V. FREE, LOOSE, RE- 
LEASE. 

unfilial: 1. impius: Hor, Epod. 
Boks 9. reverentiae, quae parentibus 
debetur (adversus, erga parentes), oblit- 
us, Quint. 11, 1, 62: v. Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99: 
V. UNDUTIFUL, UNKIND. 

unfilled: v. EMPTY, TO FILL. 

unfinished : |, Not. concluded : 
V. IMPERFECT, INCOMPLETE. ||, Want- 
ing in polish: 1, rudis, e: an u. poem, 
rude carmen, Ov. ‘Trist. 1, 6, 39: u. 
statues, rudia signa, id. Met. 1, 406. 

9. non exactus: ib. 3, non ex- 

pressus (not fully made out): wu. out. 
lines of virtues, and only sketched, non 
expressa signa sed adumbrata, Cic. Cael. 
Ces 4, impdlitus: u. and coarse 
performances, impolitae res et acerbae, 
Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34. Phr.: my 
writings were u., defuit scriptis ultima 
lima meis, Ov, Trist. 6, 30. 5, cra- 
dus: uw. verses, numeri crudi, Pers. 1, 
g2. Phr.: I have an u. work in hand, 
babeo opus in manibus, Cic. Acad. I, I, 


3. Ill. Not consumed: v. UNCON- 
SUMED. 
unfit: 1, ineptus=non aptus: 


v. Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17. 9. initilis, e: 
u. for war, inutiles bello, Caes. B. G. 7, 
78: a time not u. for taking counsel, non 
inutilis ad capiendum consilium tem- 
pestas, ib. 27. 3. inhibilis, e: oxen 
not u. for cultivation, boves culturae 
nen inhabiles, Col. 6, 1, I. 4. in- 
commidus: a conversation not wu. for 
the occasion, colloquium pro re nata non 


incommodum, Cic. Att. 14, 6. 5, in- 
opportinus (for a special purpose): v. 
UNFAVOURABLE, 6. importinus: a 


place u. for using warlike machines, 
locus i. machinationibus, Sall. Jug. 92. 
7. impar (unequal): u. for such 
honours, i, tantis honoribus, Suet. Tib. 
67. 8, indignus (unworthy): things 
jit and u. to be expressed, digna, indigna 
relatu, Virg. Aen. 9, 595. 9, foedus 
(foul); u. to be spoken er seen, foedum 
dictu visuve, Juv. 14, 44. 10. alienus: 
a most u, time, alienissimum tempus, 
Cic, Fam. 15,14. Phr.: unfit for war: 
imbellis: Ov. Her. 1, 97: wu. to resist an 
attack: invalidus: walls u. to resist a 
storming party, moenia adversus irrum- 
pentes invalida, Tac. A, 12, 16: w. to 
govern: impodtens: a race wu. to manage 
their own affairs, gens suarum rerum 
impotens, Liv.9,14. Very unfit: if 
minime aptus: a kind of encounter for 
which they are very U., genus pugnae in 
quod minime apti sunt, Liv. 38, 21. 
9. minime accommodatus: J am 

most u. to comfort you, minime sum ad 
te consolandum accommodatus, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 16: v. FIT, UNEQUAL, WEAK, 
UNSUITABLE. 

unfitly: 1, inepte: to speak u., 
i. dico, Cic. Brut. 82, 284. 2. incom- 
mode: to behave u., i. se gero, Col. 1, 8, 
15: V. FITLY, IMPROPERLY. 

unfitness; initilitas: (of gold, to 
make swords) Lucr. 5, 1293: Cic. Inv. 
2, 52, 158. 

unfitting; V. UNBECOMING, INDEC- 
OROUS. 


unfix: 1, refigo, fixi, fixum, 3: 
Virg. Aen. 6, 622. 9, moveo, movi, 
motum, 2: to u. the standard from 


its place, signum movere loco, Cic. 
Div. 1, 35, 77. 8, révello, velli, vul- 
sum, 3 (tear up). you wu. the boundaries 
of land, revellis agri terminos, Hor. Od. 
2, 18, 24: V. UNFASTEN, UNSETTLE, 
unfixed: v UNSETTLED. 
unfledged: 1, implimis,e: Virg. 
Georg. 4,513. 2, déplamis,e: Join: 








UNFORMED 





nudus atque d., Plin. Io, 24, 34. 3 
impubes (beardless): an u. boy, i. puer, 
Ov. Fast. 2, 239. 8. téner, a,um: u, 
boys, teneri mares, id. Met. 10, 84. 
Phr.: my wings are still u., meae alae 
pennas nor habent, Pl. Poen. 4, 2, 29: 
Vv. YOUTHFUL, BEARDLESS, 
unfleshed (unused to blood) : * san- 
guinis expers: Vv, UNACCUSTOMED. 
unfciled: v. UNCONQUERED. 
unfold: A. Trans. both in lit. 
and met. sense ; 1, explico, Avi and 
ui, 4tum and itum, 1: to wu. @ roll, e. 
volumen, Cic. Rose. Am. 35, lor: to u. 
(explain) an obscure subject, rem laten- 
tem explicare definiendo, id. Brut. 41, 
152. 2, pando, di, pansum and pas- 
sum, 3: to u. the subject, rem pandere, 
Virg. Aen.3,179. 3, expando, 3: tow. 
nature in words, naturam expandere dic- 
tis, Lucr. 1, 129: cranes u. their wings, 
grues expandunt alas, Plin. 10, 38, 54. 
4. apério, ui, pertum, 4: the tree 
u.s its flower, florem aperit, Plin. 12, 11, 
23: they u.’d their sentiments, quid sen- 
tirent aperuerunt, Nep. Eum. 13. ie 
adapério: to w. seed-vessels, folliculos a., 
Sen. N. Q. 5, 18, 2. 6, Evolvo, vi, 
volitum, 3: to u. a consultation, deli- 
berationem evolvere, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 
post med. 7, exséro, ui, sertum, 3: 
when the blade u.s itself from the seed- 
vessel, quum folliculo se exserit spica, 
Sen. Ep. 124, 11. 8. récludo, si, 
sum, 3: to u. treasures, thesauros r., 
Virg. Aen. 1, 358. 9. expédio, 4: to 
u. a story, famam e. Virg. Georg. 4, 
286. 10, édo, didi, itum, 3: wu. your 
own name and that of your parents, 
ede tuum nomen, nomenque parentum, 
Ov. Met. 3, 580: V. TO EXPAND, DEVELOP, 
EXPLAIN, DISPLAY, OPEN. B. in- 
trans: 1, déhisco, 3: Virg. Aen. 
6, 52: the rose u.s, rosa dehiscit, Plin. 
21, 4, Io. 2. hio, 1: a flower us, 
flos hiat, Prop. 4, 2, 45: V. TO OPEN, TO 
APPEAR. 
unfolding (subs.): v. EXPLANATION, 
DEVELOPMENT. 
unforbidden: Vv. FORBIDDEN, LAW- 
FUL. 
unforced: 1, incdactus (late) 
Join: injussum incoactum, Sen. Ep. 
66, 17. 2. sponte: trees come u., 
sponte sua veniunt, Virg. Georg. 2, Ir: 
the verse came u., sponte sua carmen 
veniebat, Ov. Trist. 5, 10, 25. 3. vi 
non adhibita: v. Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 18: id. 
Caecin. 15, 44. 4, voluntate: forced 
or u., aut Vi aut voluntate, Liv. 29, 3: 
V. WILLINGLY, VOLUNTARY. 
unforeknown: V. TO FOREKNOW. 
unforeseeing : 1, imprudens: 
Virg. Georg. I, 373. 2. improvidus: 
Join: improvidi et negligentes, Cic. 
Att. 7, 20: V. IMPRUDENT, 
unforeseen : V. UNEXPECTED. 
unforfeited: salvus: Join: in- 
columis et salvus, Cic. Div. in Caecil 
22,92: V. TO FORFEIT. 
unforgiving: V- IMPLACABLE, UN- 
MERCIFUE. 
unforgotten; nondum oblivioni tra- 
ditus ; quod immortali memoria aliquis 
retinet (Kr. after Cic. and Nep.) 
Phr.: to preserve the recollection %.. 
vivam memoriam tenere, Cic. de Or. 2, 
2,8: u. hatred, immortale odium, Juv. 
15,34. Yo be unforgotien : 1, vivo, 
vixi, victum, 3: the warm feelings areu, 
vivunt calores, Hor, Od. 4, 9, II. . 
diro, 1. hatred remained u, so long, in 
tantum duravit odium, Vell. 2, 49. 
Phr.: deeds which were intended to 
remain u., quae ad posteritatis memo- 
riam pertinerent, Cic. Sen. 23, 82: @ 
large portion of me will be u. (poet.), 
multa pars mei vitabit Libitinam, Hor. 
Od. 3, 30, 9. To keep unforgotten: 
1, mémiria ténére, Cic. Sen. 4, 12 
2. immortali memoria retinere: 
Nep. Att. II. 3, ab oblivione vin- 
dicare: Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 7. Phr.: the 
recollection of oneself ought to be kept w. 
for ever, commemoratio nostri... cum 
omni posteritate adaequanda, id. Arch, 
1I, 29: V. TO REMEMBER, LASTING. 
unformed; 1, indigestus: Josn: 





UNFORSAKEN CUNGODLY 





radis indigestaque (moles), Ov. Met. 1, 
1. Q, informis, e: a thing dumb and 
u., res muta et i. (opp. to conformata), 
Auct. ad Her. 4, 53, 66. 3, infectus : 
Join: rudis atque infectus, Petron. S. 
114, I3. 4, criidus: wu. verses, crudi 
numeri, Pers. 1, 92. 5, ténér (not 
full grown): the u. world, tener mundi 
orbis, Virg. Ecl. 6, 34. Join: teneri et 
Tudes (animi), Auct. dial. Orat. 29. 6. 
incoctus: Pl. Mil. 2, 2, 55. 7, in- 
formabilis, e (incapable of formation) 
il Tertull. Prax. 27. Phr.: u. 
: flosculi, opp. to certi et deformati 
fructus, Quint. 6, prooem. 9: Vv. UNRIPE, 

UNFASHIONED. 

unforsaken: v- TO FORSAKE. 

unfortified : 1, imminitus: w. 
towns, immunita oppida, Liv. 22, I. 
2. muro non circumdatus: v. Caes. 


an u. promise or vow, voti reus, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 236: v. Macrob. Sat. 3, 2,6. To} 
be unfulfilled. 1, exitum nullum 
habeo: auguries, which were either u. 
or turned out in contrary way, quae 
aut nullos habuerint exitus, aut con- 
trarios, Cic, Div. 2, 24, §2- 9. minus 
evenio: prophecies are u., ea quae prae- 
dicta sunt, minus eveniunt, ib. 1, 14, 24. 
3, ad exitum non pervenio: id. 
Fam. 10, 22. 4, effectu careo: Ov. | 
Am. 2, 16: v. UNACCOMPLISHED., 
unfurl: 1, solvo, vi, sdlutum, 3: | 
u. the sails, solvite vela, Virg. Aen. 4, 
574- Q, do, dédi, datum, 1 (vela): ib. 
594. 3. pando, di, pansum, and pas- | 
sum, 3: velorum pandimus alas, ib. 3, 
520: Fig.: p. vela orationis, Cic. Tuse. 4, 
5,9 4, intendo, di, tum, and sum, 3: 
to u. the sails to the winds, ventis inten- 










































B. G. 1, 38: v. TO FORTIFY, UNDE- | dere vela, Virg. Aen. 3, 683. 5, facio 
FENDED. ra : Cic. Tusc. 4, 4.9 6, déduco 
unfortunate: 1. infélix: wu. boy, | (vela): Ov. Met. 3, 663. 7. explico 


i. puer, Virg. Aen. 1, 475: i. patria, id. 
g, 786. 2, infaustus (of things): u. 
step, i. gradus, Ov. Met. 3, 36: u. ships, 
i. puppes, Virg. Aen. 5, 635. 3, in- 
fortinatus: VU! wu. old man, O! infor- 
tunatum senem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 7. 
improsper (unsuccessful): Tac. A. 4, 
5, néfastus: an u. day, dies ne- 

fastus, Hor. Od. 2, 13, 1: v. Smith, Dict. 
of Antiq. p. 409 (Dies), v. UNHAPPY, UN- 
LUCKY, UNFAVOURABLE, 

unfortunately : inféliciter: in- 
conveniently, nay u., incommode, imo 
infeliciter, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 37: V. UN- 
FAVOURABLY, UNLUCKILY. 

unfounded: v. GROUNDLESS. 

amed: Vv. FRAME (subs.), TO 

FRAME (v.). 

unfrequency: raritas: Plin. 7, 13, 
II: V. RARITY. 

unfrequented : 1, incéléber, 
bris, bre: im an wu. valley, incelebri 
valle, Sil. 8, 376. 9. avius: the uw. 
habitations of the Muses, avia Pieridum 
Joca, Lucr. 1, 925 : V. LONELY, SOLITARY, 
REMOTE. 

unfrequently: Vv. SELDOM, RARELY. 

unfriendliness : Vv. UNKINDNESS, 
ENMITY. 


unfriendly : 


velum: Pl. Mil. 4, 8, 7: ¥. UNFOLD, 
SPREAD. | 
unfurnished: 1. niidus (person 


or thing): an u. house, domus nuda 


structa, Cic. Verr. 2, 34, 84: men u. 
(but) with good will, nudi cum bona 
voluntate, opp. to cum facultatibus, 
Plane. ap. Cic. Fam. fo, 8. 2, impa- 
ratus (person): scandalously u. both as 
to men and money, flagitiose imparati, 
tum a militibus, tum a pecunia, Cic. 
Att. 7, 15: quite u. in all respects, om- 
nibus rebus imparatissimus, Caes. B. C. 
I, 30. 8, expers, tis: u. both in repu- 
tation and fortunes, fama atque fortunis 
expertes, Sall. Cat. 33: Vv. DESTITUTE, 
EMPTY, UNPROVIDED. 

ungainly: v. AWKWARD, CLUMSY. 

ungartered: discinctus: v. Hor. 
Epod. 1, 34. 

ungathered: V- TO GATHER. 

ungenerous: 1. illibéralis, e: an 
u. deed, illiberale facinus, Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 3. 

2. turpis, e: not only u. but wicked, 

non modo turpe sed sceleratum, Cic. 
Off. 2, 22, 97. 3, Join: humilis et 
minime generosus, id. Am, g, 29. 
sordidus: id. Flacc. 22, 52. 5, milig- 
nus: Hor. Ud. 2, 16, 39: S. I, 5, 4: ¥- 
BASE, MEAN, STINGY, COVETOUS. Un- 
generous conduct : illiberalitas, Cic. Off. 
2, 18, 64: V. STINGINESS, MEANNESS. 

ungenerously : illibéraliter : Ter. 
Phorm. 2, 2, 24: V. UNKINDLY. 

ungenial : j, incommédus: Cic. 
N. D. 3, 29, 73. _ Q, illépidus: miserly, 
u., avarus, illepidus, ib. 72. 8, dif- 
ficilis,e: a most wu. nature, difficillima 
natura, Nep. Att. 5: Vv. MOROSE. 

ungenteel: 1. ignobilis, e: a not 
u. family, familia non i., Cic. Verr. 5, 11, 
28. 9, inhinestus: (women) u. in 
behaviour at home, inhonestae domi, 
‘Yer. Eun. 5, 4, 16: Vv. GENTEEL, UN- 
GENTLEMANLY, MEAN, LOW. 

ungentle: V. UNGENTEEL, UNKIND, 
ROUGH. 

ungentlemanly: 1, illibéralis, e : 
opp. to ingenuus, id. Neos 20 Od <b vy 
GENTLEMANLY, UNGENTEEL, MEAN. 


" 
” 


1, inimicus: Join: 
infestus inimicusque, Cic. Phil. 10, 
Io, 21. 9, iniquus: the u. Fates, 
Parcae iniquae, Hor. Oud. 2, 6, 9. , 
malignus: the u. mob, vulgus malig- 
num, ib. 2, 16, 39. 4, mialévolus: wu. 
, malevoli sermones, Cic. Fam. 
3, 10, extr. Inan unfriendly manner : 
inimice: Join: inimicissime atque in- 
festissime, Cic. Quint. 21, 66: Vv. HOSTILE, 
UNKIND, SPITEFUL. 
unfrock : v. TO strIr. 
unfrozen: solaitus: the u. lands, 
terrae solutae, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 10 (cf. 
Zephyro putris se gleba resolvit, Virg. 
G. 1, 44): Vv. TO THAW. 
unfruitful: 1. infecundus: Virg. 
Georg. 2, 48. 9. stérilis, e: wu. plane- 
trees, steriles platani, ib. ‘0. 3, in- 
felix frugibus: ib. 239: wu. darnel, i. 
lolium, ib. 1, 154. 4, amarus: ib. 
5, milus: ib. 243. 6, difficilis, 
e: ib.179. 7, milignus: ib. 8, ig- 
navus: uw. groves, nemora i., ib. 208. 
9, jéjiinus: ib.212. 10, segnis, e: 
the u. thistle, s. carduus, ib. 1,152. = 11, 






nuus: id. Off. 1,42, 150. 3, 
tus: Join: turpissimus atque inho- 
nestissimus, Cic. Rose. Am. 18, 50. 


initilis,e: lopping the wu. boughs, inutiles ungently: v. ROUGHLY. 

ramos amputans, Hor. Epod. 2,11. 12, ungird: 1, discingo, xi, ctum, 3: 

iners (from want of employment): u. | Juv. 8, 120. 2. récingo, 3: to u. a 

winter, bruma i., id. Od. 4, 7, 12. robe, tunicam r., Ov. Met. 1, 398. 3; 
18. vaicuus frngum: Sall. Jug. go. | solvo, vi, sdliitum, 3: zonam solvo, 
14, nidus gignentium: ib. 7g: v. | Catull. 2, 13. 4, désterno, stravi, | 

BARREN, FRUITLESS, UNPROFITABLE. stratum, 3: (late and infreq.): he u.'d 


unfruitfulness: 1, infécunditas: 
Col.1: prooem. Q, jéjtinium : of land : 
id. 3, 12, 3: of animals: Virg. Georg. 3, 
128. 3, indpia frugum: Liv. go, 29: 
Y. BARRENNESS, STERILITY. 

unfulfilled : ], inanis,e: an u. 
promise, promissum inane, Ov. Fast. 3, 
685. 9, vanus: Tac. A. 3, 16. 3 
irritus: Catul. Epith. Pel. 59. 4. in- 
fectus: to make offers u. (not to fulfil 
them): dona infecta facere, Pl. Most. 1, 
B24: 5, fallax: u. hopes, spes fal- 
laces, Cic. Mil. 34, 94. Phr.: bound by 


his camels, destravit camelos, Vulg. 


Gen. xxiv. 32. 
ungirt: 1, discinctus: Hor. S. 2, 
1,73. 2, laxus: anu. robe, toga laxa, 
Tib. 1, 7, 46: v. LOOSE (adj.), SLACK. | 
ungloved: V. GLOVES, GLOVED. 
ungodliness: v- PIETY. 
ungodly: 1, incestus : 
.  Q, contemtor divum, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 648. 


u. manner, religionem negligere, aut 


WICKED. 
3M 


atque inanis, opp. to exornata atque in- | 


2. | 
sordidus: opp. to liberalis and inge- | 
inhones- | 
| latus: Join: neglectus ac solutus, 





| PL Trin. 4, I, 2. 





Phr.: to behave in an 


prave colere: v. Liv. 1, 32: Vv. LMPIOUs, | 


fires, Ss. ignes, Tib, 3. 5, X1. 


UNHALLOWED 


ungovernable: 1. impitens: w. 
horses, (equi) impotentes regendi, Liv. 
35, 11: viclory makes men more 





| and u., ferociores inspotentioresque red- 


dit, Cic. Fam. 4, 9: @ fierce and wu. 
woman, ferox ataue impotens mulier, 
Suet. Ner. 28. 92, indémitus: u. anger, 


indomita ira, Virg. Aen. 2,594. 3, im- 
portinus: wu. lusts, importunissimae 
libidines, Cic. Verr. 4, 50, 111. 4. in- 


tractabilis, e (late in this sense): an wu. 
temper, auimus L, Sen. Hipp. 229. 5. 
non tractabilis: Join: impatiens 
neque adbuc tractabilis, Ov. Rem. 123. 
6, inddcilis teneri (late and poet.) 
Stat. 6, 306. Phr.: to become u., 
1, obédientiam abjicio: Cic, Off. 1, 
29, 102. 9. habénas effundo: Virg. 
Aen. 12, 499. The tam becomes u,, non 
audit currus habenas, v. Virg. Georg. 
I, 514: V. UNBRIDLED, UNRESTRAINED, 
WILD, IMMODERATE. 
ungovernably : 
Virg. Aen. 5, 694. 9. immissis ha- 
benis, ib. 662. Phr.: she rages u., 
saevit inops animi, Virg. Aen. 4, 301: 
V. WILDLY, FURIOUSLY. 
ungraceful: invénustus, Inélé- 
gans: V. AWKWARD, INELEGANT, UNBE- 
COMING. 
ungracefully: v. AWKWARDLY, UN- 
BECOMINGLY. 
ungracefulness: V- AWKWARDNESS, 
INELEG ANCE, 
ungracious: 1. inhimanus: who 
more u. than he? quis inhumanior? 
Cic. Verr. 2, 78, 192. 2. iniquus: 
u. to all, omnibus 1., id. Planc. 16, 40, 
3. acerbus: u. men, from the school 
of Zeno, a. e Zeuonis schola, id. N. D. 
3, 31, 77-4, pétiilans: opp. to ur- 
banus, id, Off. 1,29, 104. §, réciisans: 
Join: invitus et recusans: id. de Or. 2, 
4,18 Phr.: he appears to be u. at first, 
difficiles aditus primos habet, Hor. S. 1, 
9, 56: V. GRACIOUS, UNCOURTEOUS. 
cunsraciously : gravate: Cic. Balb. 
16, 36. 
ungraciousness;: V. UNCOUBTEOUS- 
NESS, ROUGHNESS. 
ungrammatical: barbarus- «4. 
cases, barbari casus, Cic. Or. 48, 160. 
An u. usage: sdloecismus : Quint. I, §, 
34, foll.: Gell. 5, 20: V. GRAMMATICAL. 
ungrammatically: bariire: Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 4,12: V. GEAMMATICALLY. 
ungrateful : |. Forgetful of 
kindness : ], ingratus: an u. mind, 
i. animus, Cic. Att. 9, 26. 2. malé 
gratus: Ov. Her. 7, 27. 3, bénéticii 


1, sine more: 


immémor: Ter. Andr. I, 1, 17- " 
immémor: u. Alphenus! Alpbene L! 
Catull. 27, I. §, non obligatus bene- 
ficio: v. Cic. Off. 2, 20,69. Phr.: tobe 


utterly u., nulla gratia teneri: id. N. D. 
I, 44, 124: V. GRATEFUL, THANKLESS. 
|]. Unpleasant: v. UNPLEASANT, 
DISAGREEABLE. 
upgrounded : 
ungrudgingly : 


Vv. GROUNDLESS. 
], laetus, lobens : 
9, non invitus : Cic. 
Am. 1, 4: ¥. WILLINGLY, CHEERFOLLY. 
unguardea : , Not watched : 
J, incustdditus : the u. fold, incusto- 
ditum ovile, Ov. Trist. 1,5,10. 2, im 
liberis custodiis, Sall. Cat. 47- 3. se 
Av. 
25, 39. Phr.: he saw the walls u., incade 
tius custodias in muro dispositas videbat, 
Caes. B.G. 7, 27: the gates and ramport 
being quite u.. quum statio nulla pro 
wrtis, neque in vallo custodiae essent, 
4iV. 25, 39- ||. Not watching: i 
incautus: Virg. Aen. 1, 350: & attack 
men u. (off guard), incautos aggredi, 


Liv. 25, 38. 9, sécfirus: Join: se- 
curus ac solutus, ib. 39- 8, anime 
remissus: Caes. B.C. 2, 14. 4. im- 


Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 94: V- UNPRE- 
PARED, CARELESS, UNPROTECTED. 


7: tmére: Join: 
unguardedly : _temere: 
temere ac fortuitu, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103: 


priidens : 


Hor. Od. | v. RASHLY, HASTILY. 


: V, OINTMENT. 
: ¥, TO GUIDE. 


1, sacrilégus: «. 


unhallowed : 2 


UNHAND 





cestus : to profane rites by an u. crime, 
incesto flagitio polluere ceremonias, A uct. 
Dom. 40, 105. 3. sacer: w. lust of 
gold, auri sacra fames, Virg. Aen. 3, 57: 
Vv. UNHOLY. 
unhand: V. TO LOOSE, TO RELEASE. 
unhandsome; Vv. UGLY, UNGENE- 
ROUS, FOUL. 
unhandy: v. UNWIELDY, CLUMSY. 
unhanvily: |. With bad result : 
1, calamitose: Cic. Off. 3, 29, 105. 
2. improspére: Col. 1,1, 16: v. UN- 
FORTUNATELY. UNLUCKILY. |], Sadly: 
1, misérabiliter : the tllustrious man 
dies not u., non m. vir clarus emoritur, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 96. 2, misére: to 
live happily ov u.. beate misereve vivere, 
id. Fin. 3, 15, 50: Vv. SADLY, MISERABLY. 
unhappiness: Vv. MISFORTUNE, MI- 
SERY. 
unhappy: Vv. HAPPY, LUCKLESS, UN- 
FORTUNATE, UNLUCKY, MISERABLE. 
unhardened: V- TENDER, SOFT. 
unharmed : V. UNHURT. 


unharmonious: Vv. INHARMONIOUS, 
DISCORDANT. 
unharness: iF U.animals: 1, 


solvo, vi, sdlutum, 3: Virg. Georg. 2, 542. 
2. résolvo: to wu. horses, r. equos, 
Ov. Fast. 4,180. 3, disjungo, xi, ctum, 
3 (unyoke) : to u. the beasts, jumenta d., 
Cic. Div. 2, 36, 77. 4, réligo, 1: 
Cybele us (the lions), C. religat juga 
manu, Catull. Atys, 83. 5, rémitto, 
misi, missum, 3: the beast ud (un- 
yoked), nodo jugi remissus quadrupes, 
Petron. Sat. 89, 59. 6. diduco, duxi, 
ductum, 3: poet., Hor. Od. 3, 9, 18. 
7. helcium dimoveo: Apul. Met. 9, 
p. 222, Elm.: w.’d, helcio absolutus, ib. 
p. 227. |. Take off armour: v. To 
DISARM, TO UNDRESS, UNGIRD. 
unhatched: v. To HATCH. 
unhealed: Phr.: the wound is 
still u., vivit tacitum sub pectore vul- 
nus, Virg. Aen. 4, 67: Dido, with uw. 
wound, recens a vulnere Dido, ib. 6, 
450: V. UNCURED, FRESH, TO HEAL. 


unhealthily; insalabriter: and 
expr. by adj.: v. UNHEALTHY. 
unhealthiness : |. Unhealthy 


condition : 1, valétudo: the season 
had tried the army with u., exercitum 
valetudine tentaverat, Caes. B. C. 3, 2 
Phr.: extreme wu. tenuis aut nulla 
potius valetudo Cic. Sen. 11, 35: in- 
firma atque aegra valetndo, id. Brut. 48, 
180: totius valetudinis conquassatio et 
perturbatio, id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29. 

mala valetudo: u. ef mind, m. v. animi, 


id. Tusc. 4, 37, 80 3. invaletudo: id. 
Att. 7, 2 4, aegrittido: id. Tusc. 3, 
13, 28. 5, aegrotatio: ib. 4, 13, 29. 


6, ad aegrotandum proclivitas: ib. 


12, 28. 7. imbécillitas corporis: id 
Att 115 6; 2° 8, infirmitas valetu- 
dinis: id. Fam. 7, 1 9, pestilentia : 


u. of entrails (in sacrifice), p. extorum, 
opp. to salubritas, id. Div. 1, 54, 131. 
Il. Condition causing ill-health : 

ae intempéries, ei, f.: u. of atmo- 
sphere, i. coeli, Liv. 8,18. 2. gravitas: 
u. of this climate, hujus coeli g., Cic. Att. 
II, 22. 8, pestilentia: land deserted 
on account of u., propter pestilentiam 
vastum atque desertum, id. Agr. 2, 26, 70. 
unhealthy : |. Disposed to ill- 
hea 1. ‘ad aegrotandum proclivis: 
Cie rake: 4, 12, 28. 2, invalidus : 
u. offspring (of horses) i. nati, Virg. 
Georg. 3, 128. Join: i. atque aeger, 
Suet. Aug. 13. 8. infirmae valéta- 
dinis, or ténuis valetidinis: Cic. Brut. 
48, 180: id. Sen. 11, 35. 4. valéti- 
dine affectus: Cic. B. C. 1, 31. 5. 
malé validus: an wz. son, filius m. v., 


Hor 'S:.2, 5, 45: 6. male vivus 
{poet.): Ov. A. ye 2, 660. 7. mor- 
bosus: an wu. slave, servus morbosus, 


Cato R. R. 2, 7. Join: morbosus et 
vitiosus, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 21. 8. 


271 X5. to end remedies to an Ue man, 

valevudinario medicamenta mitto, Sen. 

Ben. 1, 11, 6. 9. morbidus. the u. 

po~t, pars m., Lucr. 6, 1259 wu. bees, 

aves m., Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 22. 10. 

causarius (an invalided soldier): 
898 


UNHURT 


UNINSTRUCTED 





| miles, Liv. 6,6: the u. parts, causariae 


partes, Sen. Ep. 68, 6. 11, languens: 
an wu. multitude of country-jolk, 1. 
copia agricolarum, Lucr. 6.1258. 12, 


languidus : an w. tree, 1. arbor, Pallad. 3, 
25, 4: V. SICK, ILL. I]. Causing ill- 
health ; unwholesome : 1, insdlubris : 
Col: 1,74572. Q. pestilens: p. ager, 
ib.: p. annus, Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130. 3. 
vitiOsus: u. districts, vitiosae regiones, 
Vitruv. 5, 3. 4, gravis, e: uw. 
autumn, g. auctumnus, Hor. S. 2, 6, 19. 
Join: gravis et pestilens, Cic. liv. 1, 
57, 130; Fam. 5,1 5, noxius (inju- 
rious): u. blasts from the sea, afflatus 
maris noxii, Plin. 17, 4, 24. G6, noci- 
vus (injurious to): u. for cattle, pecori 
n., id. 20, 2, 6 7, nocens: the S. 
wind u. for men’s bodies, nocens cor- 
poribus Auster, Hor. Od. 2, 14, 13: wu. 
blasts, nocentes spiritus, Vitruv. 5, 3 
Vv. UNWHOLESUME, HURTFUL. 
unheard: 1, inauditus: wu. and 
undejended, i. et indefensus, ‘Tac. A. 2, 
71: the other side being u., parte inau- 
dita altera, Sen. Med. 199. 2. non 
auditus: strains u. before, carmina non 
prius audita, Hor. Od. 3, 1, 2. Phr.: 





demnare, Cic. Verr. 2, 17, 41: causa in- 
dicta damnare, ib. 5, 42, 109: whatever 
is said to me about you, I pass by u., 
ad surdas mibi dicitur aures, Prop. 2, 
16, I3: V. UNDEFENDED. 

—— of: inauditus: Join: inanditus 
aut novus, Cic. de Or. 1, 31,137. Phr.: 
such a thing was u. of before, hoc post 
hominum memoriam contigit nemini, 
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 16: he behaved with u. of 
cruelty after the victory, post victoriam 
audito crudelior, Vell. 2, 25: v. UN- 
KNOWN, TO HEAR, NEW, STRANGE, 

unheated : 1, nondum calé- 
factus, or calfactus: Ov. Lb. 47. a 
tépidus (lukewarm): Ov. Rem. 629: v. 
COOL. 

unheeded (part. adj.): neglectus, 
incuria praetermissus : to leave u., 
negligere, incuriaé praetermittere : v. TO 
NEGLECT. 

unheedful : } inciiridsus, immémor : 

eeding :§ see also UNMINDFUL. 
unhelmeted : galea expers, nudato 
capite (Virg. Aen. 12, 312). 
unheroic: mollis, ignavus, etc.: v. 


EFFEMINATE, COWARDLY. 
unhesitating : fidenti animo: 
unhesitatingly : Cic. Tuse. 1, 46, 


Ito: cf. fidens animi, Virg. Aen, 2, 61. 
Also audacter: v. BOLDLY, FEARLESSLY. 
Iwill answer u. (without raising difii- 
culties), non haesitans respondebo, Cic. 
Ac) 1,245 

unhewn: ridis, e (wnwrought): u. 
marble, r. marmor, Quint. 2, 19, 3. 
(Caementum, usu. pl., and saxum cae- 
menticium, denote 70ugh stone and chips 
of stone from the quarry, used both for 
building walls, and oftener, for filling up 
the interior of a structure, while the 
exterior was finished off with dressed 
stone,saxum quadratum). (Infabricatus 
occurs only Virg. Aen. 4, 400, and should 
not be used in prose.) 

unhinge: only fig.: to wu. the mind, 
perh. animum resolvere ; animi nervos 
elidere (which phrases, however, corres- 
pond more closely to Eng. wnnerve) : 
perh. labefactare animum (to shake, 
weaken, impair): R. and A. give ani- 
mum de statu dejicere, certo de statu 
demovere (e Cic.); the sense of which is 
rather to disconcert, deprive of self- 
possession. 

unhistorical; parum compertus 
(cf. Sall. Cat. 22); * historia parum com- 
probatus; fabulae commenticiae potius 
quam historiae naturam habens. 

unholiness: impiétas. v. IMPIETY, 
WICKEDNESS. 

unholy: impius v. IMPIOUS, WICK- 
ED. 

unhoped for: inspératus (wnez- 
pected): Cic. Join: insperatus et nec- 
opinus (necopinatus) : Cic. 

unhorse : Phr: equo dejicere, 
Liy. 4, 19. Caes. 

urt; incdliimis, e: v.sare (11.). 





to condemn a man u., absentem con- | 








unhurtful: innoxius: Vv. HAKMLES& 
unicorn: mdnécéros, otis, m.: Plin. 
SeztesE (fabulous animal): later, 
called also, tnicornnus: Tert. (Uni- 
cornis, e, occurs as adj. in Plin.). 
uniform (adj.):" 1, aequabilis, e 
(even) : a sure and u. motion, motus cer= 
tus et aeq., Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23: (animals 
have) greater and more u. health, virium 
major et aequabilior firmitas, Sen. Ep. 
14, 15. 2. expr. by ténor, Oris (un- 
interrupted course): u. and unbroken 
course of law, unus et perpetuus t. juris, 
Liv. 35, 16: to keep on a u. (undevia- 
ting) course, tenorem servare, Virg. Aen. 
10, 340: see also UNIFORMLY. (Uni- 
formis occurs, Tac. Or. 32, simplex et 
uniformis, but not in present sense.) 
38. sometimes tralaticius or trans- 
laticius (usual, customary): Vv. ROUTINE 
(adj.). See also MONOTONOUS. 
uniform (subs.): perh. * ornatus 
(vestitus, habitus) militaris. 
uniformity: 1, aequabilitas: wu. 
of motion, aeq. motus, Cic. N. D. 2, §, 
15: u. of style, aeq. dicendi, id. Or. 16, 
53. 2, sometimes ténor (uninterrupt- 
ed course): Cic.: V. UNIFORM, adj. See 
also MonoToNy. Phr.: the Act of U., 
*lex de una eademque religionum norma 
regulaque constituenda. 
uniformly : ], aequabiliter : Sall. 
C. Tac. 2. uno tenore: Cic. Or. 
6, Pe ‘(of style). 
unilateral: *unilatérus (perh. as 
t. t.): or, unum latus habens. 
unimaginable: *quod animo fingt 
non potest: v. TO IMAGINE, 
unimpaired : 1, intéger (lit. 
not touched : hence, not broken in upon 
or wasted): Caes.: Cic. 9. intactus 
(sim. in meaning but less freq.); with 
strength u., i. viribus, Curt. 9, 7, med. 
Join: integer intactusque, Liv. $3, 
incdlumis, ¢ (uninjured): v. SAFE (II1.). 
—, to be: vigeo, ui, 2 (to be in 
full vigour): my mind at all events is 
u., animo duntaxat vigemus, Cic. Att. 
4, 3: So, animus valet, Sall. Cat. 20. 
unimpassioned:; lentus: the u. 
Menelaus, |. Menelaus, Ov. Her. 16 (17), 
249: an u. girl, 1. puella, Tib. See also 
QUIET, SEDATE, INDIFFERENT. 
unimpeachable: 1. sanctus, 
sanctissimus (free from blemish or 
fault): v. TRREPROACHABLE. 2. 16- 
cuples (of a witness : of good authority): 
Vv. TRUSTWORTHY. See also SPOTLESS. 
unimportant: lévis, parvi (nul- 
lius) momenti: V. TRIFLING, INSIGNI- 
FICANT. 
unimposing: specie parum magni- 
fica; quod oculos specie non capit: v. 
IMPOSING. 
uninfluenced : 
NEOUSLY. 
uninformed : v. IcNoranT. 
uninhabitable: inhabitabilis, e: 
Cic. N. D. 1, 10, 24. (Later used = 
habitabilis, from inhabito.) Also, non 
habitabilis : non habitabile frigus, Ov. 
Tr. 3,4, 51. Phr.: to be altogether u., 
omni cultu vacare, Cic, Tuse. I, 20, 45. 
uninhabited: 1, désertus (not 
inhabited or frequented by men): opp. 
frequens, Quint. 5, 10, 37: Cic.: v. 
SOLITARY (II., 2). 2. usu. better 
expr. by circuml., e. In cultorum egens, 
Liv. (Q.); cultoribus inanis, Sall. (Q.); 
omni cultu vacans, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 45. 


ultro: v. SPONTA- 


Phr.: u. regions, solitudines . v. DESERT, 
subs. 
uninitiated: profanus (not conse- 


crated): Virg. Aen. 6, 258. Used fig.: 
u. in learning, literarum p., opp. doc- 
trina initiati, Macr. S. S. 1, 18, init. 
Or without a figure, rudis, ignarus; and 
by change of fig., peregrinus, hospes, 
V. IGNORANT, UNACQUAINTED WITH, ete. 

uninjured; incdlimis, salvus: v, 
SAFE (IL.). 

uninspired: nullo divino afflatu in- 
stinctus; *non inspiratus (very late): 
Vv. TO INSPIRE. Sometimes humanus, 
opp. divinus, may be precise enough. 

uninstructed : ridis, e (with gene 
Vv. UNACQUAINTED. See aiso IGNO 
BRANT. 


UNINTELLIGENT 





unintelligent: tardus; ingenlo 
aculo. V INTELLIGENT. 
unintelligible: obscirus w. lan- 
Juaye, 0. lingua, Lucr. 1,640 strength- 
ened, obscurus et caecus, Cic. Agr. 2. 14. 
36; v. owscurg. Or expr by circuml.. 
non apertus ad intelligendum; quod 
mens humana capere non potest, Kr. 
eee! to say what is u., quod nemo 
telligat dicere, Cic. Ph. 3, 9, 22. 
uuintellisibly. obsciiré; 
Qemo intelligat v. preced, art. 
unintentional: non (laud) cogi- 
tatus s. meditatus Vv. PREMEDITATED 
Phr.: to be guilty of an u. omission, 
aliquem (aliquid) imprudentem prae- 
terire, Cic.: v. foll. art. 
_ unintentionally: 14, expr. by 
impridens J did (it) u., imprudens 
feci, Ter. Hec. 5, 4,40: Cic. (Jmprud- 
enter in this sense is doubtful: in Cic. 
Inv 1, 30, 46, Nobbe reads qui impru- 
dentes {not -ter} laeserunt.) 2. by 
insciens v. IGNORANTLY (1). 3. per 
imprudentiam: Cic. Verr, 2, 2, 23, 57- 
See also AcCIDENTALLY 
uninterested: V. DISINTERESTED. 
uninteresting: frigidus (flat and 
lifeless), aridus, jéjinus (diy, pithless), 
injticundus, ete. Or by phr.: quod le- 
Gentis (audientis) animum non tenet: 
V. INTEKESTING. 
unintermitting: assiduus; quod 
nulla intermissione fit: v INCESSANT. 
uninterruptedly ; sine [ulla) inter- 
missione: v. INCESSANTLY. 
uninterrupted : 1._ perpétuus 
(running on without a break): u. 
ranges (of mountains), p. juga, Plin. 3, 
5,7: u. lines of fortification, p. muni- 
tiones, Caes. B. C. 3, 44: Cic. 9. 
continuus (ef things following close 
upon one another, without an interval) : 
u, wars, c. bella, Liv. 10, 31: wu. toil, c. 
labor, Quint. 1, 3, 8: also quite like 
perpetuus: (one) wu. bone (instvad of 
teeth), c. 08, Plin. 7, 16, 15. 3, con- 
tinens, ntis (like preced.): w. ‘oil, c 
femnium dierum] labor, Caes. B. C. 3, 
63; Liv. 4, assiduus: v. INCESSANT. 
uninterruptedly: continenter : 
B.G. 3, 5. See also INCESSANTLY. 
Also continuus (adj.) may serve, acc. 
to L. G. § 343: cf. Liv. ro, 31. 
uninured: insuétus (with gen.): 
Caes. B. G. 7, 30. also less freq. foll. by 
abl. or ad and acc.: v. UNACCUSTOMED. 
uninvited : invécatus: Nep. Cim. 4. 
uninviting: insuavis, injicundus: 
v. UNPLEASANT. 
union: |, Act of joining: 1, 
consociatio: u. of family (by marriage), 
c. gentis, Liv. 4o, 5: Cic. Sv expr. by 
part. of consdcio: a constitution formed 
by the u. of these (forms), delecta ex his 
et consociata reipublicae forma, Tac. A. 
4, 33: by the u. of these, quibus conso- 
ciatis: Vv. TO UNITE. 2. junctio, con- 
junctio (expressing less than preced. and 
denoting contact): Cic. 3, in Luer. 
eoncilium. Lucr. 1, 485. Also, abl. only, 
eonciliatus, is: id/ Phr.: formed by 
the u. of a number of things, concretus 
ex pluribus naturis, Cic. N. D. 3, 14. 
I]. Agreement: consensus, tis: con- 
sensio: Cic.. Vv. UNANIMITY, Il. 
States united: concilinm, civitates foe- 
deratae (foedere junctae) v. LEAGUE. 
See also society. IV, Marriage: 
matrimonium: Vv MARRIAGE. 
unionist: *qui civitatem (civitates) 
sejungi s. dirumpi prohibet. 
unique: inicus, singilaris: v. sty- 
GULAR, UNPARALLELED, 
unisexual: *uno sexu praeditus. 
unison: Phr. tosing in u.,*una 
voce concinere. 
unit; 1, monas, adis, f.: cf. Macr. 
8. S. 1, 6, ad init, unum autem quod 
uovas, id est, unitus dicitur.... and a 
little further on, haec monas. ... (in 
Latin letters). 2, tnio, dnis, m.: 
Tert. 
unitarian: *initarius: as theol.¢ ¢. 
unitarianism: *unitariorum (qui 
dicuntar) ratio. 
unite: |. Trans. 1, con- 
sdcio, 1: to u. ther shade (of trees), c. 


ita ut 


UNIVERSITY 


UNKNOWN 





umbram, Hor Od. 2, 3,10 you were 
never so heartily u.d with the senate, 
nunquam tam vebementer consociati com 
senatu fuistis, Cic. Ph. 4, 5,12 Liv. Less 
strong, 86cio, 1 to wu. oneself to any one 
by the nuptial tie, se alicui vinclo jugali 


s. Virg. 2. jungo, conjungy, 3: v. 
TO JOIN. 3. concilio, 1 (rare in this 
sense) Lucr. Plin. 4, connecto, 


xui, xum, 3 fo wu. (rivers) by a trench, 
facta inter utrumque fossa c., Tac.: v. 
TO CONNECT. |]. intrans.. to grow 
together, form into one: 1, «Seo, 4, 
irr.: an artery when cut does not u., 
arteria incisa non c., Cels. 2, to: strength- 
ened, in unum cvire, Liv. 6. 3, med.; 
coire in unum globum, and, in unitatem 
c., Cels. 4, 19, ad fin. 2, cdalesco, 
alui, 3 (gradually): the eyelid when 
severed by a wound does not unite, 
(cilium) vulnere diductum non c., Plin. 
11, 37, 57. Esp. in fig. sense: to wu. 
easily (of nations), facile c., Sall. Cat. 6: 
more fully, in populi unius corpusc., Liv. 
1, 8, init.: and where wnion of purpose 
is meant, in hune consensiim c., Tac. H. 
7 Sf 3. expr. by pass. refl. of con- 
sicio, 1. v. supr. (1.). 4, consentio, 
conjiro: v. TO AGREE, CONSPIRE. 
united (part.adj.): consdciatus, sb- 
cius: v, TO UNITE, and ALLIED. 
uniter: expr. by verb: v. To UNITE. 
unity: |. Oneness: initas: Gell.: 
Serr. eccl. Or expr. by unus : they teach 
the u. of God, * Deum unum esse, Dei 
naturam unam simplicemque esse do- 
cent. ||, Agreement: 1, consen- 
sus, corsensio: v, AGREEMENT, UNANI- 
MITY. 2. concordia: v. CONCORD. 
(Unitas only in connection with con- 
sensus : Sen. V. B. 8, extr.) Ill, Zn a 
work of art: expr. by tinus: let your 
theme be what you please, only let there 
be a u. about it, sit quodvis simplex 
duntaxat et unum, Hor. A. P. 23: there 
is a wonderful u. about the Iliad, *mira- 
biliter lliadis membra quasi unum corpus 
efficiunt: both poems bear the stamp of 
u., *unius continuaeque poesis speciem 
utrumque carmen prae se fert, Baiiml. 
pref. Hom. p. xix. 
universal: 1, iiniversus: hatred 
so intense and so u., odium tantum ac 
tam u., Cic. Pis. 27, 65 (a rare use): 
more freq. expr. by gen. pl.: e. g. the 
individual and the u. good [ good of all), 
uniuscujusque et universorum utilitas, 
id. Off. 3, 6, init. So may be used cunc- 
torum, omnium: v. ALL. 2. com- 
minis, e (shared by all): the u. good, c. 
(omnium] utilitas, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 52. 
3. only in tech. lang., iniversalis, e: 
u. precepts, u. praecepta, Quint. 2, 13, 
14 (where the word is introduced with 
an apology to represent Gr. xa@oAckos) : 
M. L. See also GENERAL. 
‘universalist: *qui docet fore ut 
universum hominum genus salventur. 
universality: perh. commiunitas: 
or expr. by phr.: they teuch the u. of the 
Gospel, *Evaugelium universi hominum 
generis commune ac proprium esse 
docent. 
universally: |. With extension 
to the whole, not individually: in uni- 
versum, universe, generatim . Vv GENER- 
ALLY. I]. Without exception: expr. 
by iiniversus, cunctus, emnis~ to believe 
that men are u. depraved, *universum 
hominum genus corruptum ac deprava- 
tum esse: wu. celebrated, omnibus notis- 
simus; per totum orbem terrarum cele- 


berrimus fo ve wu. detested, * omnibus 
odio esse. 
universe: 1, mundus (Gk. xoo- 


pos the u.as exhibiting order und sys- 
tem). Cic. pass.: Plin. 9. tniver- 
sum~ but best not used in nom.: the 
creator of the u., universi genitor, Col. 
3, 10, med.: Cic. N. D. 1, 43. 120 (in 
eodem universe). 8. iniversitas (the 
totality) : more fully, u. rertim, Cic. N. D. 
I, 43, 120. but simply universitas, id. 
Tim. 2 (but immediately afterwards the 
word mundus is used, and continues to 
be so used) 

university: ‘cid@mia. Stat. Can- 
tab.: Kr. (Kr. also allows universitas, 





but Li.6 is questionable.) To be at the 
u., “versuri inter clves academiae, Kr, 
univocal: Gnivécus Mart. Cap. 
unjust: 1. injustus Cic.; Liv. 
To enter on an u,war with .., arma 
injusta inferre, Liv.7, 29 2. Iniquus 
(unfair, on grounds of common equily : a 
meaning which often passes into that of 
unfavouruble, hostile): v-uNraiR 3, 
injdridsus (actively working harm and 
wrong to any one); also, in same sense, 
injurius: they ave u. (guilty of a wrong) 
towards their own kindred, injuriosi 
sunt in proximos, Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44 
Phr.. to make an u. decree, injuste, 
inique decernere (v. UXJUSTLY): to do 
what is u. (or unlawful), contra jus 
facere aliquid, Cic, Caec. 1, 2 
unjustifiable: quod contra jus fit; 


quod nihil excusationis babet. v. nvex- 
CUSABLE. 
unjustly : 1, injust®@: Cic. 


Join: male et injuste Nawal Nep. 
2. iniqué (unfairly): opp. jure, 
Liv. 39, 48 : Cic. 3. per injuriam (in 
an unjust manner): Cic. Verr. 3, 97, 
226: and, with somewhat diff. sense, in- 
juria (without good reason or justifica- 
tion), id. Cat. 1, 7, 17. 4, injaridsé 
(wrongfully): Cie. 5, contra jus 
(esp. with ref. to the law): Cic. Caec., 
tnit. 
unkempt; incomtus: Hor. 
unkind; 1, inhimanus (stronger 
than Eng.: wanting in refinement and 
courtesy, churlish): a most u. (brutal) 
man, homo inhumanissimus, Ter. Pb. 3, 
2,25: Cic. 2, incommédus (disagree- 
able): with not even an u. word, ne vore 
quidem i., Liv. 3, 14, fin. 3, difft- 
cilis, e (hard to please or prevail upon) 
a parent u. to his children, parens tn 
liberos d., Att. in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 7..) 
(Penelope) u. to suitors, d. procis, Hor, 
Cd5s,. Os 1K. 4, illibéralis, e (un- 
handsome): Cic. Fam. 13, 1, fin. b. 
expr. by comis, bénignus, officidsus, with 
haud, parum, non: v. KIND. (Inofficio 
sus, disobliging occurs, Cic. Att. 13, 27.) 
For u. soil, v. UNKINDLY, adj. 
unkindly (adv.): inhimané (rather 
stronger than Eng.)- Cic. Off. 3, 6, 30 
also, parum comiter (with lack of 
courtesy : V. KINDLY); illibéraliter (un- 
handsomely): Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30; dirus, 
ferreus (Vv. HARD-HEAKTED) Phr.: 
nature has dealt u. with one, natura cum 
aliquo maligne egit, Sen. Ep. 44, init. 
unkindly (adj.): esp. of sofl: mi- 
lignus- Virg. G. 2, 179: Plin. min 
The u. fates, Parcae iniquae, Hor. Od. 2, 


» 9- 

unkindness; inbimanitas (incivili- 
ty, churlishness: oft. in much stronger 
sense than Eng.)~ Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 99. 
Phr.: to act with great u. tovards any 
one, *parum comem (beniguum) se in 
aliquem praebere; admodum inhumane 
se gerere : V. UNKIND, UNKINDLY. 

unkingly; “quod regem parum 
(haud) decet. 

unknowingly: impridens: v. 1c- 
NORANTLY. 

unknown (part. adj.):_ — 1, ignd- 
tus: generous wine of u. date, nobilis 
ignoto diffusus consule Bacchus, Lucan 
4, 379. altogether u., ignotissimus, Cic, 
Fl. 14, 40. Q. ignfrus (usn. in act. 
sense, but found also pass., not in Cic.): 
an u. tongue, ignara lingua, Sall. J, 18: 
Tac.. Ov. 3. incognitus (not ascer- 
tained; on which one has no wnforma- 
tion): to take things u. (unproved) for 
known (ascertained), incognita pro cog- 
nitis habere, Cic. Off 1, 6, 18. all which 
particulars (concerning the geography 
of Britain) were u. to the Gauls, quae 
omnia Gallis i. erant, Caes. B. G. 4, 20 
(i.e. the Gauls had not informed them- 
selves about them): Suet. 4, nescius 
(rare in pass. sense); PL. Tac. 6, 
pirum compertus (not authenticated) : 
ef. Sall. Cat. 22. Phr. i ts u.. parum 
constat, haud satis constat . cf. Cie. Fam. 
13,1,intt. wu to his wife, clam uxorem, 
uxore, PL Caes, (Vv. KNOWLEDGk, Phr.): 
also imprudente aliquo or -qua; Cie. BR. 
Am. 8, 21. 

899 


UNLABOURED 


unlaboured: Phr.: a plain and 
u. style, purus sermo et dissimilis curae, 
Quint. 8, 3, 14(R.and A.) also, minime 
arcessitus s. elaboratus. cf. Quint. 12, 
10, 40. 
unlace; perh. solvo, 3> V.TO LOOSEN. 
unlade: \v.:\UNLOAD. 
unladvlike: illibéralis ; *quod liber- 
am muiierem baud decet. 
unlamented: * nemini ploratus ; 
quem nemo luget. v. TO MOURN. Also 
poet., illacrimabilis: Hor. Od. 4, 9, 26. 
unlawful : 1, with verb to be, 
fas, with. some negative word ; néfas: 
with ref. to divine or naturallaw: they 
think it to be wu. to taste..., gustare... 
fas non putant, Caes. B. G. 5, 12: so, ne- 
que fas existimant, ib. 6,14: im an u. 
manner, contra quam fas erat, Cic. Clu. 
5,12. So, it is wu. nelas est: Cic.: Caes. 
‘And after a prep., per [omne] fas ac 
nefas (by lawful or u. means), Liv. 6, 
14, med. 2. expr. by contra jus, 
contra legem (with ref. to state law): to 
act in an u. manner, conira jus facere, 
Cic. Caes., init.: Vv. UNLAWFULLY. K 
expr. it is. u., by licet, with negative foll. 
by dat. or absol.: 2 is u. for any one to 
lead an army against his country, 
nemini licet exercitum contra patriam 
ducere, Cic. Ph. 13, 6, 14: V. LAWFUL, 
TO BE. 4, vétitus (forbidden): v. 
TO FORBID. 5, iuconcessus (rare): 
Virg. Aen. 1, 651 (i. hymenaei). 6. 
illicitus (cf. supr. 3: rare): wu. love, i. 
amor, Tac. A. 12, 5: Val. Fl. 5 
with ref. to legal business: wu. days, 
dies nefasti, Liv. 1, 19,eztr. (Non legi- 
timus = not prescribed by law, not m 
such form as the law specifies and 
directs). See also UNJUST, WICKED. 
unlawfully: contra legem (leges), 
opp. ex lege (legibus): Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 
yo. Sv, contra fas, jus; contra fas jus- 
que, etc.: v. preced. art. 
unlawfulness: ¢xpr. 
legem, etc.: V. UNLAWFUL. 
unlearn: dédisco, didici, 3: foll. by 
direct acc. and by inf.: Cic.: cf. To 
LEARN. 
unlearned (adj.): = 1, indoctus 
(uneducated and ill informed): Join: 
indocti imperitique, Cic. Part. 26, 92; 
opp. (homines) bene instituti (the well- 
educated): u. and boorish, i. et agreste 
{hominum genus], ib. 25, go. 2, im- 
péritus (without experience or train- 
ing): (the public assembly) which con- 
sists of the most u., quae ex imperitis- 
simis constat, Cic. Am. 25,95. Join: 
imperiti homines, rerum omnium rudes 
iguarique, id. Fl. 7, 16. 8, inéridi- 
tus (rare): Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72. 4. illi- 
tératus (acc. to Sen. denoting one not 
completely uneducated but with little 
learning, ad litteras altiores non per- 
ductus, de Ben. 5, 13, 4): not u. (not 
unacquainted with letters), von i., Cic. 
de Or. 2, 6, 25. 5, ridis, e (wnac- 
quainted with: with gen. or abl., often 
with prep.): u. in Greek literature, 
Graecarum litterarum r., Cic. Off. init. : 
detined by abl. studiis, Vell. 2, 73: u. 
in eivil law, r. in jure civili, Cic. de Or. 
I, 10, 40: cf. supr. (2). 6, expr. by 
litterae, with some negative: altogether 
u., litterarum omnino rudis, imperitus, 
peregrinus atque hospes (Vv. UNAC- 
QUAINTED, IGNORANT, alSO STRANGER): 
quite u.,*ne minimum quidem litteris 
imbutus; qui ne primoribus quidem 
labris litteras gustavit : v. LEARNED. 
unlearnedlv: 1. indocté, Cic. : 
Vell. Q. impérité: v. UNSKILFULLY. 
unleavened : sine fermento, Cels. 2, 
24. infermentatus (late) Paul. Nol.: 
Wahl in Lex., *non fermentatus, nullo 
fermento factus (panis). (Vulg. Lev. 
ii. 4, has paves absque fermento; and 
Marc. xiv. 1, in speaking of the festival, 
Azyma, orum = Gk. aguna, wr.) 
unless; nisi, contr. ni: constr. same 
as si, being used with indic. where a 
thing is assumed to be so, and with subj. 
where probability or possibility are con- 
cerned (v. IF). [J report to you good 


by contra 





UNLOVELY 


frustra augurium docuere parentes, Virg. 
Aen. 1, 392° Cic.: wu. it were so, she 
would have left the house, quod nisi esset, 
domum reliquisset, Cic. Clu. 66, 189: u. 
the Etesian winds delay me, I shall 
speedily see you, nisi quid me Etesiae 
morabuntur, celeriter vos videbo, id. 
Fam. 2, 15, extr. [N.B.—(i.) when the 
apodosis is expr. by fut. imdic., as in 
last ex., the protasis is also in fut. indic. 
(ii.) when si non occurs, the word si is 
alone the hypothetical conjunction, the 
non attaching itself to a single word in 
the sentence: cf. Cic. Ph. 12, 8, 21, do- 
lorem si non potero frangere [if I am 
unable to crush it}, occultabo. (iii.) si 
is sometimes repeated after nisi: this is 
esp. the case where si quis occurs: cf. 
Cic. Fam. 14, 2, noli putare me ad quen- 
quam longiores epistolas_ scribere, nisi 
si qui ad me plura scripsit (here is per- 
haps an ellipsis: w. I do so, if or when 
some one, etc.): Sall. (iv.) uote the 
ironical use of nisi forte, wu. perchance ; 
with indic.: u. perchance I am mis- 
taken, nisi torte animus me fallit, Sall. 


2o, fin.: Cic. _ Also, nisi vero, uw. indeed : 
Cic. Mil. 3, 8.} 

unlettered : illitératus: v. UN- 
LEARNED, 


unlicensed: ___|._ Not under state 


permission, free (Milt.): liber: v. FREE. 


I]. Not 
*nulla per 
LICENSE. 

unlike: 1, dissimilis, e (foll. by 
gen. or dat. of noun or pron.; by atque 
or ac before inf. or clause; and by 
inter to express mutual u.ness) : very U. 
Q. Crassus (in life), Q. Crassi dissimilli- 
mus, Cic Br. 81, fin.: nothing so u. 
as Cotta to Sulpicius, nihil tam d. quam 
Cotta Sulpicio, ib. 56, init.: u. one an- 
other, d. inter se, ib.: it ts not u. going 
to..., quod est non d. atque ire..., id. 
Att. 2, 3. Rather different is the use of 
et: cf. id. Ph. 2, 24, 59, d. est militum 
causa et tua (=this and that are u. 
each other). Q. dispar, paris (not 
matching: with dat. or gen.): Vv. DIF- 
FERENT. 3, diversus: opp. par, Tac. 
A. 14, 193 opp. similis, Quint. Join: 
diversus ac dissimilis, Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 
33. 4, @lius: v. DIFFERENT. See 
also TO DIFFER. 

unlikelihood: v. IMPROBABILITY. 

unlikely: parum veri similis: v- 
IMPROBABLE, 

unlimber: perh. expédio, 4 (to ex- 
tricate, disengage). 

unlimited; infinitus, immensus : 
v. INFINITE. Phr.: wu. capital, * co- 
piarum (faculratum) quantumvis: uw. 
power, *imperium cujus modus con- 
stitutus est nullus: or simply, infinitum 
imperium, Cic. Verr. 3, 91, 213; infinita 
potestas, id. Agr. 2, 13, 33: wu. (insatia- 
ble) lusts, profundae libidines, id. Pis. 
21, init. 

unload: 1, exdnéro, 1: to wu. a 
ship, navim ex., Pl. St. 4, 1, 26: Plin. 
(In this sense, dé6néro, 1, occurs in 
Amm., and is used fig. by Cic. Div. Verr. 
14, 46.) 9. expono, posui, itum, 3 
(to set goods ashore): to u. grain, fru- 
mentum ex., Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51. Phr.: 
to u. baggage cattle, deponere onera 
jumentis. Caes. B. C. 1, 80. _ (Exinanire 
navem, Cic. Verr. 5, 25, fin., is robbery, 
not mere w.ing.) 

unloading: ex6nératio (mercis) : 
Ulp. Usu. better expr. by verb: to put 
into port for the purpose of u., * expon- 
endarum mercium appelli: v. TO UN- 
LOAD. 

unlock: 1, réséro, 1 (to draw a 
bolt or bar): to uw. a gate, januam r., 
Ov F. 2, 455. Virg.- Plin. Fig.: the 
breeze of Favonius u.’d, reserata aura 
Favoni, Lucr. 1, 11: Cic. 9, recliido, 
si, sum, 3 (to throw open what has been 
closed): Virg.: Ov. Fig.: to u. secrets, 
operta r., Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 16. 

unlooked for: inspératus, inex- 
spectatus , V. UNEXPECPED. 

unloose; solvo, exsolvo, 3: v. 


having a regular license: 
literas potestate data: v. 


TO 


news and true], u. my parents in vain | LOOSEN. 


instructe” me in the art of augury, ni 
geo 


unlovely : 











UNMANNERLY 


Virg. Aen, 6, 438 Ov.: Sen. 
moenus (to the eye): Ov.: Stat. See 
also DISAGREEABLE, 

unluckily : 1, inféliciter: Ter.: 
Liv. 2, mala avi (poet.)- Hor. Od. 
I, 15, 5 (with ill omen). 3, sécus 
(otherwise than could have been wished : 
badly): to turn out u., 8. cedere, proced- 
ere, Sall. 

unluckiness: infélicitas (rare) : 
Ter. Oh, my u.! (heu) me infelicem : 
v. UNLUCKY. 


2, ina- 


unlucky: 1. infélix: v. UNFOR- 
TUNATE. 9. infaustus. v. INAUSPI- 
CIOUS. 8, laevus (left-handed, unfa- 


vourable, bad) : at an u. time, |. tempore, 
Hor. S. 2, 4,4: Virg. (But also used in 
good sense, with ref. to sunrise; as the 
augurs looked South: Liv.: Virg.) 4, 
sinister (which like laevus has two 
senses): with u. omens, s. avibus (aus- 
piciis), Ov. H. 2, 115: Val. Max. Pbhr.: 
an u. day, dies ater, Liv. 22, 10: also, 
dies nefastus (strictly, a day on which 
legal business could not lawfully be 
done; also in gen. sense, unlucky) : 
Hor. Od. 2, 13, 1: Suet. See also ILL- 
OMENED. 
_unmaidenly ; *quod puellam (vir- 
ginem) haud decet. 
unmaimed: incdlumis, intéger: v 
UNHURT. 
unmalleable: expr. by malleis 
tenuari non posse, malleis non obsequi - 
V. MALLEABLE. 
unman : |. To deprive of the 
organ of virility: 1, Eviro, 1, (rare) : 
Cat. 63,17: Varr.in Non, Q, excido, 
exséco, castro: v. TO CASTRATF, GELD. 
Phr.: virilitatem alicui adimere, Tac. A. 
6, 31 (ademptae virilitatis homo). I. 
To weaken or paralyse with Jear or 
other emotion: 1, débilito, 1: pain 
threatens to u. us, (dolor) fortitudinem 
se debilitaturum minatur, Cic. Tuse. 5, 
27,16: do not u. me by grief and fear, 
nolite animum d, luctu (ac) metu, Cic. 
Plane. fin.: grief us me and stops my 
utterance, me dolor d., includitque vo- 
cem., id. Mil., fin. 2, énervo, r (as it 
were, to take away the sinews or rob 
them of strength): more precisely, ener- 
vare vires, Hor, Epod. 8,2: Cic. Fig. : 
the lute u.s the mind, e. animos citharae, 
Ov. R. Am. 753. 8. percello, cili, 
culsum, 3 (to strike with a sudden 
shock ; esp. of fear): Cic. Verr. 3, 57, 
jin.: Val. Fl. — 4, infringo, frégi, frac- 
tum, 3 (to break, impair): Liv. 38, 16 
(i. animos). 
unmanageable: 1, intractabilis, 
e (difficult to deal with): (a man) of an 
u. and surly disposition, natura intrac- 
tabilior et morosior, Gell. 18, 7, init. : 
Sen.: Virg. (who has it = invincible). 
Q. asper, Gra, érum (wild, fierce) : 
(a horse) u. to the bridle, a. trena pati, 
Sil. : Col. 3, contiimax (esp. of ani- 
mas, stubborn): Col. 6, 2, med.: an u. 
syllable (in verse), c. syllaba, Mart. 9, 
12. 4, inbabilis, e (of things without 
life; unwieldy): a ship of almost u. size, 
navis i. prope magnitudinis, Liv. 33, 30, 
med.: V. UNWIELDY. 5, expr. by im- 
patiens (not submitting to: with gen.): 
(a person) of u. temper, impatiens irae, 
Liv. 5, 37: a ship that has become u. 
navis i. gubernaculi, Curt. 9, 4, med. : 
an wu. horse, *trenoruns i. equus. 6. 
impotens (wnyovervable: exp. with ref. 
to the passions): Vv. UNGOVERNABLE. 
(N.B.—Impotens regendi [R. and A.} 
in Liv. 35, t1, refers to the rider, not 
his steed; unable to manage a horse.) 
7. by circuml, qui regi [tractari] 
non potest: v. TO MANAGE, 
unmanageably ; *ita ut [equus, 
etc. ], regi nequeat. 
unmanly: 1, mollis, e (soft, effe- 
minate): u. plaints, m. querelae, Hor. 
Od. 2,9, 17 Cic. Join. [philosophus]} 
tam mollis, tam languidus, tam ener- 
vatus, Cic de Or. 1, 52, fin. 2, non 
viro dignus Cic. Or. 36, 130 (ornatus). 
See also EFFEMINATE, 
unmannerlv: agrestis, inurbanus: 
v. RUDE. Also inhumanus, which howe 


1, indmabilis, e | ever usu. expresses more than Eng. 


UNMANUFACTURED 





UNNOTICED 


UNPATRIOTIC 





WE 
unmatriageable: haud nubilis, 
haud matura viro: v. MARRIAGEABLE. 
unmarried: caelebs, l{bis (used of 
both sexes): (the censors) are to prevent 
le remaining u., coelibes esse pro- 
hibento, Vet. Lex in Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7: 
u. life, c. vita, Hor [rare constr.]: the 
u. state, caelibatus, is: Sen.: Suet.: 
U. women, Virgines: V. MAIDEN. 
unmask: {. Lit.: Phr.: tou. 
@ person, personam alicui detrahere, 
Mart. 3, 43,4: to u. oneself, personam 
ponere (v. TO LAy Aste): in war, to u. 
a battery, perh *tormenta aperire. — jf, 
Fig.: to reveal any one’s real cha- 
racter : perh. nudare, detegere, aperire 
(alicujus mentem, ingenium, volunta- 
tem, consilia, mores): Vv. TO DISCLOSE, 
REVEAL, Also, (quasi, tanquam] per- 
sonam detrahere: cf. supr. (1): the 
example from Mart. being not exactly 
lit. Phr.: now J have you perfectly u.’d, 
jam ... aliquando evolutum illis integu- 
mentis dissimulationis tuae nudatumque 
perspicio, Cic. de Or. 2, 86, init. (Kr.). 
unmatched: inicus, singiilaris: v. 
UNPARALLELED. 
unmeaning: Phr.: wu. words, 
*voces quibus nullus subest sensus, 
quae sensu carent also, nugae (Vv. NON- 
SENSE); or, voces absurdae, inanes, nuga- 
toriae: Vv. ABSURD, EMPTY, etc. 
unmeaningly: perh. absurdé: v. 
ABSURDLY, 
unmeasurable: immensus: v. IM- 
MEASURABLE. 
unmeet: v. UNFIT. 
unmeetly: v. UNFITLY. 
unmelodious: stridiilus ; 
cindrus: v. HARSH, MELODIOUS, 
unmerchantable: Phr.: wu. goods, 
*merces nequam, uullius pretii, quales 
nemo mercari velit. 
unmerciful : 1, immiséricors, 
Tdis (without compassion): rare: Cic. 
Join: immisericors atque inexorabilis, 
Gell. Q, inclémens, ntis (severe) : most 
u, (tyrant), inclementissimus, Macr. S. 8. 
1,10, fin.: Liv. 3, immitis, e (harsh, 
cruel, inexorable): the u. Achilles, i. 
Achilles, Virg. Aen. 1, 29: wu. slaughter 
indiscriminate), i. caedes, Liv. 4, 59: 
uet. 4, durus, ferreus: v. HARD- 
HEARTED. 5, inexorabilis, e: v. IN- 
EXORABLE. | 


parum 


unmercifully: 1. immiséricor- 
diter oo: ‘Ter. 2. inclémenter: 
Liv.: Ter. 3, diiré (harshly, sternly) : 
Caes.: Cic. (For syn., v. adj.) 
unmercifulness: inclementia: v. 
SEVERITY, (Or expr. by adj.: v. UNMER- 
CIFUL.) 
unmerited: imméritus: Liv.: Ov. 
i : 1, immémor, dris (not 
thinking of: with gen.): Cic.: Hor. 
2. inciiridsus (indifferent to: with 
gen.): u. of fame, i. famae, Tac. H. 1, 
49: Suet. 8. séciirus: v. HEEDLESS. 
To be u., (1). negligo, exi, ectum, 3: 
foll. by acc. of direct obj.: to be u. of 
danger, periculum n., Cic. Fam. 14, 4: 
Caes.: rarely by inf.: to be wu. of com- 
mitting a crime, n. fraudem committere, 
Hor. Od. 1, 28, 30. (2). désum, ir. (to 
be wanting in regard for: with dat.): 
do not be u. of your own interest, ne tibi 
desis, Cic. R. Am. 36, 1c4: he would not 
be u. of his duty to the state, se reip. 
non defuturum, Caes. B. C. init. 
unmindfulness; inciiria: v, NE- 
GLECT. 
unmistakable: certisstmus: v. 
CERTAIN. Also diibius, with negative: 
cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 171, nec dubiis .... 
monstris. Phr. most u. omens, vel 
argotissima exta, Cic. Div 2, 12, fin. 
unmistakably: aAperté, perspicué, 
certissimis indiciis, etc. v. EVIDENTLY. 
See also UNDOUBTEDLY. 
unmitigated: perh. mérus (lit. wn- 
diluted): u. atrocities, m. scelera, Cic. 
Att. 9, 12, eztr.: so. ib. 9, 13, extr, 
merum bellum: wu. lies, *m. mendacia. 
Phr.. the war was being waged with 
u. cruelty om both sides, *utrimque bel- 
lum tanta quanta maxima potest esse 


‘ nufactured ; riidis, e: v. un- | 
OUGHT. 





crudelitate gerebatur: *ab utrisque bel- | absol. id. Ep. 1, 17, Bo, 





gui natus mo 


lum atrociter/gerebatur; nulla earum | riensque fefellit (as lived and died u,: 
rerum quas victorum saevitia fertomissa. | cf. Sall. Cat. 1, vitum silentio transire) : 


unmixed : 
Varr.: Oy. Esp. as neut. subs. merum 
(u. wine): Virg.: Ov.: v. WINE. 


d: 1, mérus (of wine): | nothing escapel them u., nec quicquam 


eos fullebat, Liv. 41, 2, mit, (2), lAteo, 


2, | 2: the crime passes u. among s0 many 


sincéris: V. GENUINE, UNADULTERATED. | scandals, scelus latet inter tor flagitia, 
3, simplex (not compoundéd): v.| Cic. RK. Am. 40, 118: with direct ace. 


SIMPLE. 
unmodified ; immitatus: Cic. 
unmoor: Phr.: to u. a 


unmourned: V. UNLAMENTED. 
unmoved: 1, immdtus (both lit. 
and fig.): (the tree) remains u., immota 


(esp. poet.) the wiles of Juno were 


| not u. of her brother, nec latuere doli 


manet, Virg. G. 2, 293: Ov.: so'to denote | 


stedfastness SA ir ara mens i, manet, 
id. Aen. 4, 449. (But not of mere free- 
dom from emotion.) In ‘same senses, 
immobilis: v. IMMOVABLE. 
by verb: to be u. (by tears, ete.), non 
moveri, commoveri, ad misericordiam 
adduci; nullis precibus flecti: v. To 
MOVE (II.), PREVAIL UPON. Phr.: (to 
behold anything) u., siccis oculis, Hor. 
Od. 1, 3, 18: *sine lacrimis. 
unmusical: stridiilus (harsh, grat- 
ing, squeaking ): Ov.: Sen. Or by nega- 
tive: hand (parum) canorus: v. MUSICAL. 
unmutilated: intéger: v. enrire. 
unmuzzle: perh. * fiscellam [de 
canis ore] refigere: v. MUZZLE. 
unnatural: |. Out of the course 
of nature: monstrudsus, monstrdsus: 
u, lusts, m. libidines, Suet. Cal. 16 (cha- 
racterized by Cic. Tusc. 5, 33, 93, more 
delicately as, voluptates quae ne na- 
turam quidem attingunt): v. MONSTROUS. 
Or expr. by phr.: what is u., quod contra 
een naturam est; quod naturae 
legibus] repugnat: u. phenomena, pro- 
digia, portenta: v.PRopiGy. |], Want- 
ing in natural affection: nearest word, 
impius: w. spouses, impiae [sponsae], 
Hor. Od. 3, 11, 31 (of the Danaides who 
slew their husbands): cf. Quint. 8, 6, 30, 
impium dixerunt pro parricida: the 
sup. occurs Mart. Dig. 28, 5, 48, impiis- 
simus filius. Ill. Affected: affeciatus, 
cdactus, ascitus (rare), arcessitus: v. 
AFFECTED, FORCED, FAR-FETCHED. 
unnaturally: con'ra or praeter na- 
turam (Vv. CONTRARY TO); non conve- 
nienter naturae (v. NATURALLY) ; ita ut 
natura repugnet (Vv. UNNATURAL), 
unnavigable: innavigabilis: Liv. 
Or by phr., navium haud capax s. pa- 
tiens: v. NAVIGABLE, 
unnecessarily: Phr.: uw. large, 
major quam opus est, quam necesse est 
(v. NECESSARY): sometimes the compar. 
alone may suffice: to be u. long in tell- 
ing a story, aliquid longius circum- 
ducere, Quint. 10, 2,17: as they tarried 
u. long on the way, *quum diutius in 
itinere morarentur. Also nimis will 
often serve: v. TOO, 
unnecessary: _ 1, non(haud, mi- 
nime) nécessarius: Cic. Tusc. 5, 33, 93. 
Q. slipervacaneus: v. SUPERFLUOUS. 
Phr.: wu. pleasures, voluptates quae 
necessitatem non attingunt, Cic. Lc. : 
what was quite u. for you to do, id quod 
tibi necesse minime fuit, Cic. Snll. 7, 22: 
so, to deem anything u., aliquid non 
necesse habere (e. g. scribere), id. Att. 


16,2: itis u. for any name to be men- | 


tioned, nihil attinet quenquam nomi- 
nari, id. Leg. 2, 17, 42: also, non opus 
est (V. NECESSARY). 

unnerve: i.e. to deprive of self- 
possession and power of action: nearest 
word 1, frango, frégi, fractum, 3: 
esp. in pass.: to be u.d by pain, dolore 
frangi, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, extr.: u.d by fear, 
fractus [et eae metu, id. de Or. 
1020; 2% 2, débilito, 1 (to deprive 
of all strength, completely to unman) : 
Cie. 1. c. Join: 


to deprive of vigour permanently, to 
weaken, render effeminate: so, nervos 
elidere, e.g. virtutis, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 
27.) 

nition’ Phrr.: (i) to escape 
u., (1). fallo, féfelli, falsum, 3 (esp. poet.) ; 
| ef. Hor. Od. 1, 10, 16, Thessalos ignes ,... 





2. expr. | 


afflictus, debilitatus, | 
maerens, ib. 2, 47,195. (Fnervo signifies | 








vessel, | fratrem Junonis, Virg. Aen. t, 130: Ov. 
navem solvere: Vv. TO WEIGH (anchor). | Just. 


(ii.) to poss by u., praetéreo, 
praetermitto: v. TO Pass over (LIL), 
iii.) u. by: clam, with ace. or abl.: v. 
KNOWLEDGE (111.). [N.B—Also to be 
unnoticed may be expressed by most 
of the verbs under Tu notice cf. also 
NOTICE, subs, } 

unnumbered: inniimérus : v. oxwu- 
MEBABLE. 

unobjectionable: *cui nihil objici 
(exprobrari) potest; see also HARMLESS, 
BLAMELESS, 

unobserved: v. UNNOTICED. 

unobserving: inciridsus, parum 
curiosus : V. UNHERDING, CARELESS, 

unobstructed : of ground, ipertus, 
expéditus, piirus, etc.; v. open (iL). 

unoccupied: |. Having no em- 
ployment: 1, dtidsus (having nothing 
to do): when Iwas u, at home, quam 
essem 0, domi, Cic. Br. 3, init.: not even 
leisure u., ne otium quidem otio-um, id. 
Planc. 27,66. So, u. money, o. pecuniae, 
Plin. Ep. 10, 62 (54). 2. viicuus: 
since we are u. (at leisure), | will speak, 
quoniam v. sumus, dicam, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 
13: Hor. (More fully, vacuus operum 
(poet. constr. =operibus}, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
119.) Join: (animus) v. et solutus, 
Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 9, 26: so to be u., 
vacare: opp. occupatum esse, Cic. Fam 
12, 30: or. 8. sdlitus operum 
(poet.): Hor. Od. 3, 17, 16. See alsw 
IDLE. To be u., cessare: Join: nibil 
agere et cessare, Cic. N. D. 3, 39, fin.: 
also sometimes sedere: V. TO siT (A., 
LIL). Il. Of land, not built upon : 
ipertus, purus: v. OPEN (IL). 

unoffending (adj.): imméritus: te 
u. wall (abused by the unsuccessful 
poet), i. paries, Hor. S. 2, 3, 7: 30, i. 
vestis, id. Od. 1, 14, 28: Virg. So, im- 
mérens: Hor Od. 2, 13, 11. See also 
HARMLESS, INNOCENT. 

unopened: Phr.: to return a let- 
ter u., litteras non resignatas reddere, 
remittere: v. TO OPEN, 

unorthodox: rectae doctrinae dis- 
crepans: ¥. HETERODOX. 

unostentatious; haud ambitiosus, 
nulla ostentatione s. ambitione: v. os 
TENTATIOUS. 

unostentatiously: nulla ostenta- 
tione : v. OSTENTATION. 

unpack: Phr.: tou.achest, *quae 
cistae insunt eximere; cistam vacuam 
facere. See also TO UNLOAD. 

unpaid: Vhr.: u. soldiers, *milites 
quibus stipendium debetur (v. Par, To 
PAY): U. services, * opera quae gratuito 
confertur ( v. GRATUITOUS): an wu. letter 
*epistola cujus pro vectura merces non 
est soluta. 

unpalatable: insuavis,e. Plin. 24, 
16, 97 (herba cibo non insuavis): see 
also UNPLEASANT, NAUSEOUS, INSEPID. 

unparalleled : 1, anicus (used 
both of things yood and [less freq.) bad): 
u. liberality, u. liberalitas, Cic. Quint. 12, 
41: wu. wickedness, U. nequitia, Auct. 
Her. 3, 6, t1: Vell. 9. singiliris, e : 
Join: incredibilis et prope singularis 
et divinus, Cic. de Or. 1, 38: s. eximiaque 
{virtus]}, id. Man. 1, fin. 3, eximius, 
égrégius: v. EXTRAORDINARY, REMARK- 
ABLE. ; 

unpardonable: cui ignosci non 
potest; cujus nulla venia est; quod 
extra veniam est: V. PARDON, TO PAR- 
pon. (Inexpiabilis, not to be atoned for.) 

unpardonably : cf. preced. art, 

unvarliamentary: “quod contra 
parlamenti consuetudinem legesve est. 

unnatriotic: Phr.. toentetainu 
sentiments, male de republica sentire (cf. 
PATRIOTIC); mente alienata a republica 


\ 


| fefellit (passed u. through them): so} esse, cf. Sall. Cat. 37: in (erga) patriam 


gor 


UNPATRIOTICALLY 





(remp.) male animatum esse: cf. Suet. 
Vit. 7 (male a. erga principem exer- 
citus): V. DISAFFECTED, 1 REASONABLE. 

unvatrioticaliy: *animo a repub- 
lica alienato: cf. preced. art. 

unpaved: (via) saxo non strata: v. 
To PAVE. Or perh. (via) {mmunita: 
Cic. Caec. 19, 54 (but the phr. is differ- 
ently understood). 

unpeopled: v. UNINHABITED. 

unpercelved : v- UNNOTICED. 

unperformed : infectus : 
COMPLETE, IMPERFECT. tats 

unphilosophical: “quod rationi 
(philosophiae) non convenit, repugnat ; 
a recta ratione abhorret, alienum est: 
that is very u., *id philosophum minime 
decet, omnino dedecet. 

unpitied: immisérabilis, e (rare and 

et.): Hor. Od. 3, 5,17: in sim. sense, 
Macrimabilis, ib. 4, 9, 26. (in prose 
expr. by circuml.: they perished wu. by 
their fellow-countrymen, *nulla miseri- 
cordia civium suorum periere ; civibus 
suis nihil miserantibus [miseritis} per- 
iere, or, quum cives sui nihil eos misera- 
rentur): v. foll. art. 

unpitying (a@dj.): immiséricors, in- 
exorabilis (as permanent feature of cha- 
racter): Vv. UNMERCIFUL Still more pre- 
cisely, nil miserans, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 24. 
Also durus, ferreus, inliumanus, saevus 
(cf. Tac. Agr. 45, saevus ille vultus), 
may often serve. v. HARD-HEARTED, 
CRUEL. 

unpityingly: nulla misericordia 
motus: cf. preced. artt. 

unpleasant: 1, injucundus: a 
labour by x0 meams u., minime i. labor, 
Cic. Fin. 1, 1, 3: an wu. smell, i. odor, 
Piin. 9. insuavis, e: what more u. 
than bawling ? quid insuavius clamore ? 
Auct. Her. 3, 12, 22: of persons (= un- 
amiable}, Hor. S. 1, 3,85: Cic. 3, in- 
commodus: to put up with an u. affair, 
i. rem pati, Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 27: without 
an u. word, ne voce quidem i., Liv. 3, 
14: some u. feeling, nescio quid i. opi- 
Dionis, Cic. Att. I, 17, init. 4, in- 
gratus (unacceptable; with ref. to the 
feelings): Caes.: Hor. Od. 3, to, 9 (in- 
gratam Veneri pone superbiam). 5. 
molestus, 6didsus: Vv. TROUBLESOME, DIS- 
AGREEABLE. Phr.: fo have a very u. 
voyage, incommodissime navigare, Cic. 
Att. 5, 9. 

unpleasantly : 1, injacunde : 
Cic. 2. Sdidsé (offensively): Cic. 

3. incommddé (inconveniently, un- 

seasonably): Cic.: ef. preced. art., fin. 

unpleasantness: 1, incomm6- 
ditas: as the Eng., used with ref. to 
ill-feeling, i. alicnati animi, Cic. Att. 1, 
v7, med. 2. molestia (frouble, annoy- 
ance): to do away with an u. (of feel- 
ing), m. levare, Cic, l. c.: the pl. may 
be used to give a general and abstract 
sense: such ts the u. of being a candidate, 
*tantae sunt candidatorum molestiae : 
ef. Nigels. Stil. p. 43. 

unpleasing (adj.): ingratus: this 
Speech was not u. to the Gauls, fuit haec 
oratio non i. Gallis, Caes. B. G. 7, 30: 
Hor. 

unpliant;: v. INFLEXIBLE, 

unploughed (part. and adj.): 1, 
Inaratus (poet.): Hor. Epod. 16, 43 
Virg. 2. riidis, e (that has not been 
planted): Col. 3, 11, init.: Varr. 

unpoetical: invénustus (Vv. INELE- 
GANT); *a ratione poetica abhorrens, 
alienus. 

unvolished: 1, impélitus (both 
lit. and fig.): w. stones, lapides i., Quint. 
8, 6, 63 an u. Kind of genius, forma 
ingenii i. [et plane rudis], Cic. Br. 85, 
294. 2. riidis v. rube (L.). St 
inconditus wu. strains, i. carmina, Liv 
4, 20 Cic.: v. RUDE (I.). See also 
BOORISH, CLOWNISH. 

unpolluted; 1, intémératus . w. 
faith, i. fides, Virg. Aen. 2,143 to keep 
bodies u., corpora i. retinere, Tac. A. 12, 
34. 2. impollitus Tac.: Sall. 3, in- 
t&ger, gra, grum (lit. wntouched ; hence, 
without stain): opp. contaminatus, Cic. 
Top. 18, 69: u. fountains, i. fontes, 
Hor. Od. 1, 26,6. So intactus: u. Pallas, 

902 


Vv. IN- 





UNPROFITABLE 


i. tallas, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 5. 
moral sense, sanctus: 
PROACHABLE, SPOTLESS. 

unvopular: |. Not acceptable to 
the people : 1, invididsus (exposed to 
odium and tll-feelng; the object of 
such): u. with respectable citizens, i. 
apud bonos, Cic. Att 2, 19, 3}: also 
toll. by ad, in, id. Join: invidivsus 
aut multis offensus, Cic. Clu. §8, init. : 
so, miser atque invidiosus offensusque, 
id. Verr. 3, 62, 145. Q. offensus : 
so universally u., tam peraeque om- 
uibus generibus. ordinibus, aetatibus 
o., Cic. Att. 2, 19, I; esp. with invi- 
diosus: v. supr. (cf. also UNPOPULARI- 
TY). 3. invisus (detested): more 
despised every day and more u., con- 
temptior in dies et invisior, Suet. Tib. 
13° Quint. 4. populo [plebi, multi- 
tudini] ingratus, injucundus: cf. Caes. 
B. G. 4, 30 (fuit haec oratio non ingrata 
Gallis); and Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8 (rumor 
Dictatoris injucundus bonis): v. UN- 
PLEASING. 5, expr. by invidia, of- 
fensio, 6dium, with a verb: to be in any 
degree u., in ulla invidia esse, Cic. Att. 
2, 9: to be somewhat u., nonnullam i. 
habere, id. de Or. 2, 70, 283: to become 
u., invidia onerari, Suet. Oth. 6; apud 
populum invidiam atque offensionem 
suscipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 55, 137: 80, in 
odium off.que incurrere, cadere, id.: to 
be so universally u., tanto in odio esse 
omnibus, id. Att. 2, 21, 1. Phr.: that 
step is apt to be u., ea res solet populi 
voluntatem offendere, Cic.l.c.§ 3. — [f. 
Ill-adapted for general acceptance: 
expr. by negative with exprr. under 
POPULAR (IV.). 

unpopularity: 1, invidia: to 
bring upon oneself u., i. suscipere, Cic. 
(ef. preced. art., 1. 5): to keep one’s u., 
i. retinere, id. Att. 2, 19, 3: to dimin- 
ish a person’s w., alicujus i. lenire, Sall. 
Cat. 22, fin. . Offensio, 6dium 
(hominum): v. preced. art. (1.5). 3; 
aliena et offensa populi voluntas: Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 37, 106. 

unpopularly: Phr.: to act w.,id 
facere quod populi voluntatem offendat : 
V. UNPOPULAR. 

unpractised: ridis, inexpertus: v. 
RAW, INEXPERIENCED. 

unpraised:; illaudatus: Plin. Ep. 9, 
26, 4: in Virg. G. 3, § = odious, detest- 
able. 

unprecedented: novus, inauditus : 
V. NOVEL, UNHEARD OF. See also EX- 
TRAORDINARY. 

unprejudiced: candidus: an uw. 
judge, c. judex, Hor. Ep. 1, 4,1. Phr.: 
to be quite u., *nullam praejudicatam 
opinionem secum afferre ; praejudicatis 
opinionibus omnino liberum esse. 

unpremeditated: sibitus: v. Ex- 
TEMPORARY. (Or expr. by meditatus, 
cogitatus, with a negative: v. PREMEDI- 
TATED.) 

unprevared: imparatus: both ab- 
sol, and foll. by a, ab, of the thing with 
ref. to which a person is unprepared: 
e. g. imparatus a militibus, a pecunia: 
Cic. Att. 7, 15. 

unprepossessed: V. UNPREJUDICED. 

unprepossessing : perh. injicun- 
dus, 6didsus: v. UNPLEASANT, OFFEN- 
SIVE. Phr.: an wu. appearance, aspec- 
tus deformis [atque turpis], Cic. Off. 1, 
35, 126 (rather stronger than Eng.): 
*aspectus parum ad conciliandam homi- 
num benevolentiam aptus, accommo- 
datus. 

unpretending : minime ambitiosus: 
V, PRETENTIOUS, OSTENTATIOUS. An U. 
monument, *monumentum omni osten- 
tatione vacuum. 

unprincipled: malis s. corruptis 
moribus: Sall. Cat. 37, ad fin. Some- 
times imprébus, néquam, injustus, may 
be precise enough: v. UNJUST, WICKED. 

unproductive: infécundus, infruc- 
tuOsus: V. UNFRUITFUL. 

unprofitable: expr. by nullum 
fructum (or pl.) afferre; nil prodesse : 
Vv. PROFIT, PROFITABLE. Also inutilis 
may serve: Vv. USELESS. (Infructuosus, 
late.) 


4, esp. in 
V. PURE, IRRE- 


UNRAVEL 





unprofitably: nullis fructibus: vy. 
PROFIT. 
unvromising: nulla spe praeditus; 
qui nibil spei dat: v. PRomIsine. 
unpronounceable: ineffabilis, e: 
Plis. 28, 2, 4 (i. nomina). Or by cir- 
cuml. *(nomen) quod enuntiari non 
potest; quod frustra enuntiare coneris. 
unpropitious : 1. iniquus (une 
toward, malign): u. gods, i. coelestes, 
Ov. Her. 8, 87: u. fates, i. fata, Virg. 
Aen. 10, 380. 2. iratus (angry, of= 
Sended): born under u. gods, dis 1. 
natus, Phaedr. 4, 19, 15. Hor. 3 
adversus (unfavourable): very u. aus- 
pices, adversissima auspicia, Suet. Oth. 
8: a year u. to the crops, anuus fru- 
gibus a., Liv. 4,12: v. UNFAVOURABLE, 
4, infaustus (esp. of omens): v. IN- 
AUSPICIOUS. 
_unvropitiously: infaustis auspi- 
ciis, etc.: Vv. INAUSPICIOUSLY. ; 
unprotected: indéfensus: Join: 
{urbs] deserta indefensaque, Liv. 25, 15. 
Also, sdlus ; nullis detensoribus. 
unproved: *quod non probatum 
est; nullis argumentis confirmatum. 
unprovided: imparatus (ab aliqua 
Te): V. UNPREPARED, See also TO PRO- 
VIDE, PROVIDE FOR. 
unprovoked: illacessitus (not at- 
tacked) : ‘Vac. Ger. 36. Usu. better expr. 
by ultro: to make war w., bellum, ultro 
{mec ulla injuria accepta] inferre; ultro 
aliquem bello lacessere, Liv. 31, 18. 
umpruned : imputatus: Hor, Epod, 
16, 44. 
unpublished : *(liber) qui non (non- 
dum) exiit; nondum editus; ineditus 
(Ov. Pont. 4, 16, 39, in diff. sense, not 
made Inown}. 
unpunctual: *temporibus suis par- 
um dispositus, circa tempora rerum 
gerendarum negligentior. 
unpunished: impunitus: Join: 
[injuria] inulta impunitaque, Cic. Verr. 
5, 58, 1493 i. atque libera, id. Cat. 1, 7, 
18. Compar. impunitior: Hor.: Liv. 
See also UNAVENGED. (A form im- 
punis, e, also occurs: Apul.: Solin. 
Phr.: to escape (get off) u., aliqui 
[sceleris] impune ferre, Cic. Fam. 13, 
17: to allow acrime to remain u., male 
ficium impune habere, Tac. A. 3, Jo (the 
adv. impunite also occurs but is rare: 
Cic.): to lay down arms u., sine 
fraude discedere ab armis, S. C. in Sall. 
Cat. 36. 
unvurified : perb. cridus, riidis (in 
its natural state): v. RAW (1II1.). 
unqualified: |. ot possessing 
proper qualifications: haud idoneus, 
aptus, habilis, etc.: v. QUALIFIED. ll. 
Not limited in any way: Phr.: to 
praise any one in the most u. manner, 
perh. *cumulatissime laudare ; cumula- 
lissimis laudibus aliquem onerare: to 
speak in too u.a manner, *nimis sim- 
pliciter absoluteque rem ponere (for this 
use of absolute, cf. Scaev. Dig. 33, 1, 13, 
Respondi non posse absolute responderi, 
i.e. not without qualifications). Ill. 
Without legal authorization: *nullis 
litteris; nullo diplomate instructus. 
unquenchable: inexsiinctus: Ov. 
F. 6, 297 (ignis). See also INSATIABLE. 
unquestionable: *certus, certissi- 
mus; de quo dubitari non potest. 
unquestionably: facilé: w. the 
foremost man, facile princeps, Cic. Clu, 
5, Ir: so, f. praecipuns, Quint. 10, 1, 68: 
and with verbs: (Thucydides) is wu, 
superior to all..., omnes facile vicit, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56. See also UNDOUBT+ 
EDLY, CERTAINLY. 
unquestioned : certus, certissimus; 
a nullo in dubium vocatus, adductus: 
Vv. CERTAIN, and TO QUESTION (11.). 
unquestioning: Phr.: w. confi- 
dence, *fides (fiducia) omni dubitatione 
vacua, libera. 
unquiet; inquiétus, sollicitus, etc. : 
V. RESTLESS. 
unquietly : inquiété : v. RESTLESSLY. 
unransomed: non redemptus: ¥. 
TO RANSOM. 
unravel: ]. Lit.: rétexo, ub 
xtum, 3 (¢o undo what has been woven): 


UNREAD 


UNROLL 


UNSATISFIED 





Cic. Acad. 2, 29, fin. (Penelope telam 
retexens.) jj, In fig. sense, toexpluin 
and track out what is intricate : 1. 
évolvo, volvi, vdlitum, 3: to u. (clear 
up) a confused notion, animi complica- 
tam notionem e., Cic. Off. 3, 19,76: tou. 
the end (of a mysterious crime), exitum 
e., id. Coel. 23, 56. 2. explico, 1: v. 
TO EXPLAIN. 3, enddo, x (lit. to free 
from knots and tangle): to u. the intri- 
cacies of the law, laqueos juris e., Gell. 
13, 10: Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62 (nomina e., 
to explain them). 

unread: illectus (rare): Ov. A. A. 
I, 469 (scriptum i. remittere). In prose, 
perh. better, non lectus: or by verb, 
epistolam remittere nec eam legere. 

unready : imparatus (not prepared): 
in more gen. sense, tardus, lentus, socors, 
ignavus: v. SLOW, SLUGGISH. 

unreasonable: 1. instrict sense: 
expr. by contra (rectam) rationem esse 5 
(rectae) rationi repugnare, non conven- 
fre: Vv. CONTRARY TO, OPPOSED. Also 
sometimes absurdus: v. ABSURD. >. 
of persons who expect too much : iniquus 
(unfair): am I u. in my expecta- 
tions ? num iviquum (iniqua) postulo? 
Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 64° sv, of unreasonable 
i ae captious critics: id. Hee. prol. alt. 


46. 

unreasonably : absurdé (v. ansurp- 
LY); parum (rectae) rationi conve- 
nienter (Vv. REASONABLY); nique (v. 
UNFAIRLY): cf. preced. art. 


unreasoning (adj.): rationis expers 


(v. IRRATIONAL); and where the ref, is 
to thoughtlessness, inconsidératus, témér- 
arius, consilii expers (Hor. Od. 3, 4, 65, 
vis consili expers, u. force): Vv. THOUGHT- 
LESS, RECKLESS. 

unrebuked: incastigatus: Hor. Ep. 
1, 10, 43. (irreprehensus, inculpatus = 
blameless.) 

unreclaimable: “quem nequid- 
quam corrigere coneris; qui ad bonos 
mores revocari recusal, non potest. 

wnrecompeused: gratuito: v. GRA- 
TUITOUSLY. 

unreconciled: v. TO RECONCILE. 

unrecovered: V. TO RECOVER. 

unredressed: Phr.: to leave the 
grievances of the people u., * querelas 


populi negligere; injurias populi non | 


levatas relinquere; nullam injuriis me- 
delam adhibere. 

unrefined: |. Lit.: riidis, crid- 
us: v. RAW (LIL). I]. Gf manners: 
impdlitus, agrestis, Inurbanus, incultus : 
in style harsh, u. and rude, oratione 
durus, incultus, horridus, Cic. Br. 31, 
117: gesture not u., gestus non inur- 
baaous, Quint. 6, 3, 26: an wu. style of 
jesting, illiberale genus jocandi, Cic. Off. 
I, 29, 104: V. UNPOLISHED, RUDE, BOORISH, 
(Inhumanus is too strong; though 
humanitatis expers may sometimes 
serve: V. REFINED, REFINEMENT). 

unreformed: of persons, * moribus 
non correctis s. emendatis: as epith. of 
the eccles. body, *(ecclesia) non refor- 
mata. 

unregarded: neglectus : 
HEEDED, UNNUTICED. 

unregenerate: *uon régénératus: 
V. REGENERATE. 

unregistered: in tabulas, album 
non relatus: V. REGISTER. 

unrelenting: 1, atrox (dark, 
stern, inflexible): the u. soul of Cato, a. 
animus Catonis, Hor. Od. 2, 1,24: wu. im 
hatred, odio atrox, Tac. A. 14, 61: Ov. 

2. immitis, e (savage, unmerciful : 

chiefly poet.): the u. Achilles,i. Achilles, 
Virg. Aen. 1, 30: Ov.: Liv. 3, sae- 
vus: v. CRUEL (cf. Virg. Aen. 1, 25, saevi 
dolores). 4, inexorabilis, e: v. IN- 
EXORABLE. 5, sometimes pertinax: 
cf. Hor. Od. 3, 29, 50 (Fortuna ludum 
insolentem ludere p.). 6, implaca- 
tus, implacabilis: v. MrPLACABLE. The 
u. anger of cruel Juno, saevae memorem 
Junonis [ob] iram, Virg. Aen. 1, 4. 

unrelentingly: airociter; saevo 
(atroci) animo:; implacabili (implacato) 
nimo: v. preced. art. 

unremarked: V. UNNOTICED. 

unremedied: inciiratus. cf. Hor. 


Vv. UN- 


Ep. 1, 16, 24. (Or expr. by phr.: nullé | ui, tum), 1: to u. a volume, e. volumen 


adhibit& medelé ; omni cura expers.) 
unremitting: asiduus: v. INCES- 
BANT, See also UNRELENTING. 
unremittingly : assidué: v. mnces- 
SANTLY. 
unrepealed: non abrogata (lex): 
Vv. TO REPEAL. 
unrepentant: V. IMPENITENT. 
unrepented: Vv. TO REPENT. 
unrepining: sine querela, nil quer- 
ens: V. COMPLAINT, TO COMPLAIN. 
unrequited: inultus (wnavenged) ; 
gratuitus (gratuitous); nulla mercede 
accepta, Cic. 
unreproved: incastigatus: Hor. 
unreserved: liber, Apertus, sim- 
plex: v. FRANK, OPEN. 
unreservedly: |, Without reti- 
cence: aperté, simpliciter: v. FRANKLY 
Or by circuml., * positis omnibus dissi- 
mulationis integumentis; omni dissi- 
mulatione posita (sublata): to declare 
one's sentiments u., patefacere se totum 
alicui (R. and A.). I]. Without rever- 
vation: *nulla re excepta; absolute 
(¥. UNQUALIFIED), 
unresolved : Vv. IRRESOLUTE. 
unrest: inquies, inquiévido, agita- 
tio: v. RESTLESSNESS. 
unresting : inquietus; non cessans: 
V. RESTLESS. 
unrestrained : 1, effrénatus 
(unbridled) : u. insolence, e. insolentia, 
Cic. Rep. 1, 42: u. freedom, e. libertas, 
Liv. 34,49. Join: [libido] effrenata et 
| indomita, Cic. Clu. 6, init. ; [cupiditas} 
e. et furiosa, id. Cat. 1, 10, wit. Ss) 
inddmitus (ungovernable): Cic.: Vv. 
supr. 3, impdiens (having no self- 
control): Vv. UNGOVERNABLE. F 
effiisus (of that which has free vent given 
to it, extravagant): u. license, e. licen- 
tia, Liv. 44, 1, med.: cf. effusa laetitia, 
id. 35, 43, fin. So, with u demonstra- 
tions of joy, etc., effuse, effusissime : cf. 
Suet. Ner. 22 (e. aliquem excipere): 
Cic. See also EXTRAVAGANT, EXCESSIVE. 
unrestricted: liber: v. FREE. 
unrevealed: Vv. TO REVEAL. 
unrevenged: inultus: Cic.: Liv. 
unrewarded: inhdnoratus: Liv. 37, 
54, ad init. (where the reward is viewed 
as a mark of honour). Or by circuml, 
nullo retio affectus, sine premio s. mer- 
cede: v. REWARD. 
unrig: Phr.: to u. @ ship, aavem 
exarmare, Sen.; navem armamentis 
spoliare, Liv. (e. Kr.). 
unrighteous: 1. injustus: a man 
of a vicious and u. disposition, vir ma- 
leficus natura et i., Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57. 
2, iniquus: v. UNJUST. 3. né- 
fastus: Hor. Od. 1, 35, 35: V. WICKED. 
4, impius: v. UNDUTIFUL. 5. 
scélérosus : v. SINFUL. 6. injuridsus: 
Vv. WRONGFUL, 
unrighteously: 1. injusté: Cic.: 
Pl.: superl.: Sall. 9, iniqué: Cic.: 
Liv. 3, impié: Cic.: Suet.: Quint. 
4, injairidsé : Cic. 
unrighteousness : 
IMPIETY. 
unrip: discindo, scidi, scissum, 3: 
Friendships should not be unripped but 
unstitched, amicitiae dissuendae non 
discindendae, Cic. Am. 21, 76. 
unripe: 1, criidus: wu. apples, 
poma c., Cic. de Sen. 19 fin.: Col. 9. 
immatirus (of fruit, etc., and fig.): u. 
pears, i. pira, Cels. 2, 30: u. maids, i. 
puellae, Suet. Tib. 61. 3. immitis, e 
(sour): u. grapes, i. uva, Hor. Od. 2, 5, 
Io. 4, acerbus: wu. pears, a. pira, 
Varr. R. R. 1, 44. Half-u.; succridus : 
Cels. 6, 13- 
unripeness; immatiiritas: fig. Suet. 
Aug. 34. ‘ 
unrivalled: praestantissimus: Cic. : 
incomparabilis: Plin.: Quint.: or phr.: 
cui nil viget simile aut secundum, Hor. 
Od. 1, 12, 18: Vv. PEERLESS. 
unroasted: criidus (raw): u. flesh, 
c. caro, Suet. Ner. 37, or expr. by cir- 
cuml. with torreo, frigo. 
unroll ;: 1. évolvo, volvi, vdli- 
tum, 3 (esp. of MSS.): Cic. Tusc: 3; 1x, 
24. 2, explico, avi, Atum (post-Aug. 





impittas: v. 





id. Kosc. Am. 35, 101. 
unroof: 1, détégo, xi, ctum, 3 
usa sirine, aedem d., Liv. 42, 3. 
2. niido tectum (with gen.): ib. 
3. démo tégiilas (to remove the 
tiles): Cic. Verr. 3,50,119. 4, “niido 
tégilis, tecto (with acc.): Georg. 5. 
*démolior tectum (with gen.): id. Phr. 
The wind has u.’d the villa, villae de- 
turbavit tectum ac tegulas, Pl. Rud. 
prol. 78: the storm u.’d some of the 
temples (i. e. carried away the pedi- 
ments), fastigia aliquot templorum a 
cniminibus abrupit, Liv, 40, 2. 
ed: 1. immotus: v. UN- 
MOVED. 2. tranquillus: v. CALM. 
3. aequus (esp. in superl. with 
animus): with u. temper, aequissimo 
animo, Suet. Aug. 56. Phr.: the u. sea, 
Stratum aequor, Virg. Ecl. 11, §73; pa- 
catum mare, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 19: anu, 
brow, expr. by frontem remittere, cf. 
Plin. Ep. 2, 5; f. exporrigere, cf. Ter. 
And. 5, 3, 533; f. explicare, cf. Hor, Od. 
3, 29, 16; f. solvere, cl. Mart. 14, 183. 


unruliness : 1, impdtentia: Cic 
Tuse. 4, 15, 34: Plin. Q. téricitas - 
cic. Vat. 1, 2: Suet 3, effrénatio: 


utter u., e. imputentis animi, Cic. Phil. 
5 ueseaee 4, licentia: v. LICENSE. 
5, péetilautia: v. INSUBORDDNA- 


TION. 
H 1, impdtens: u. emo- 
tions, i, animi motus, id. Part. 35, 119. 
9. férox, dcis: indulgence males 
one unruly, indulgentia ferocem reddit, 
id. Att. 11, 10. Join: ferox impo- 
tensque, Cic. Fam. 4, 9. 8. férus, 
Ai a 4, effrénatus: an u 
and vash mind, mens e. et praeceps, 
Cic. Coel. 15, 35: Plin.: Liv. §, tur- 
biilentus: Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 48: super. 
Caes. B.C. 1,5. 6, immddératus: vy, 
UNBRIDLED. Phr.: u. spirits, ingenia 
inquieta et in novas res avida, Liv. 22, 
21: V. UNGOVERNABLE, UNBRIDLED. 
unsaddle: 1, solvo stratum: cf, 
hefore buying a horse you order it to be 
unsaddled, equum empturus solvi jubes 
stratum, Sen. Ep. 80, 10. 9. détrabe 
stratum: cf. he orders the mules to be 
unsuddled (of pack-saddles), mulis strata 
detrahi jubet, Liv. 7, t4. Phr.: they 
had their horses unsaddled, non stratos 
habebant equos, Liv. 37, 20. 
unsafe: 1, intiitus: an u. friend- 
ship, i. amicitia, Tac. A. 2, 44: & re 
treats, i. latebrae, ib. 1, 38: Piin.: also 
V. DEFENCELESS, UNGUARDED. y 
non titus, pirum titus: Quint. g, 2, 66. 
8. péricilésus: v. DANGEROUS. 
infestus (/or travellers or voyagers): to 
make the country u., i. agrum reddere, 
Liv. 2, 11: @ road made u. by raids, 
via excursionibus infesta, Cic. Prov. 
Cons. 2, 4. 5, labricus: v. SLIPPERY. 
6, incertus: v. INSECURE. 7. in- 
fidus: v. TREACHEROUS. To be made u, 
infestor, 1: that those islands are made 
u. by wild beasts, eas insulas j. belluis, 
Plin. 8, 32, 373 the sea being made u 
by piracy, mari infestato latrociniis, 
Vell. 2, 73. 
unsaleable: invendibilis. u. mer- 
chandise, i. merx, Plaut, Poen. 1, 2, 128 
unsalted: insulsus: Col. 2,9. *non 
sale conditus, aspersus, 
unsaluted: insilitdtus: Virg. Aen. 


9, 288. ’ 
unsatisfactorily : 1. minus 
béné: Cic. 9, Aliter (with verbs 


meaning to happen, turn out). Ter.: 
Sall. 


unsatisfactory: 1. expr. by cir 


cuml. with ex sententia. 2. non 
Ydoneus: Georg.: minis idGneus: Cic, 
Balb. 3, 7; non satis Iddneus: id. Att 


8, 22; improbabilis: an u. argument, 
ji. argumentum, Plin. 4, 13, 27. Phr.: 
we find everything else u., babemus 
nihil aliud in quo acquiescamus, Cic. 
Fam. 4, 3: ¥- SATISFACTORY. 

unsated : 1, *cui non satis- 

unsatisfied: < eokeomt est (of persons 
with reference to claims or demands); 
Georg. : ¥V. DISSATISFIED, 2. inex- 
plétus: with u. eye, i. lumine, Ov. Met 

3 


-UNSAVOURY 


UNSHORN 


UNSOUND 





3, 439: u. love, i: amor, Stat. Theb. 5, 
103. 8, insatidtus: an w. desire for 
going, i. ardoreundi, Stat. Theb. 6, 305, 
or expr. by cirouml. with expleo, satio : 
V. SATISFY. 
unsavoury: 1, foedus: v. FOUL. 
Q, téter, tra, trum: v. LOATHSOME. 
8. fetidus: v. sTINKING. 4, expr. 
by circuml. with. condio, sapio: v. UN- 
PALATABLE. 
unsay: 1, expr. by circuml. with 
indictus: e. g. that they could not unsay 
what they then recited, quae tum ceci- 
nerint, ea se nec ut indicta sint revocare 
posse, Liv. 5, 15. 2. rétexo, xui, 
xtum, 3: it cannot, unless you u. 
what you said before, non potest, nisi 
retexueris illa, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84. By 
récanto, 1: Hor. Od. 1, 16, 27: Vv. RE- 
CANT, RETRACT. 
unscrew: * cochleas rétorqueo, ré- 
mitto (v. TO SCREW): or expr. simply 
by solvo, laxo, retorqueo, 
unscriptural: * libris divinis . re- 
pugnans, parum conveniens ; *a sacra- 
rum scripturarum doctrinis abhorrens. 
unseal: 1], résigno, 1: to u. a 
letter, litieras r., Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 65: 
to u. wills, testamenta r., Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9. 
9, rélino, lévi, 


Plaut.: Ter. 3. apério, rui, rtum, 4: 
Vv. OPEN (v.). 4, exsolvo, vi, solatum, 
3, Plaut.: v. unvo. The letters of 


classical times were tied with strings: 
hence to unseal, vincula epistolae laxare, 
Nep. Paus. 4: linum incidere, Cic. Cat. 
3, 5: unsealed (not sealed), *non obsig- 
natus: v. TO SEAL. 
unsealed: v. UNSEAL. t 
unsearchable: expr. by negative 
particle and gerundive of verbs mean- 
ing to search v. SEEK, SEARCH, TRACE, 
FIND, or by circuml. with possum: in- 
serutabilis. the heart of kings is w., cor 
regum i., Vulg. Prov. xxv. 3: Aug. 
unseasonable: 1. intempestivus: 
a letter from you never seemed to me u., 
nunquam mihi tua epistola i. visa est, 
Cie. Att. 4, 13: u. industry, i. Minerva, 
Ov. Met. 4, 33: wu. shovers, i. imbres, 
Lucr. 2, 873. 2. immatiirus (wnripe, 
untimely) : u. counseis, i. consilia, Liv. 
22; 38: 3. praemattrus: 
TURE, UNTIMELY. 4. incommédus: 
it seems not u. to explain, non i. vi- 
detur exponere, Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59. 
5, praecox, cdcis: uw. laughter (of ba 
fants), p. risus, Plin. 7, prooem. 
Ineptus: wu. laughter, risus i., Cat. ua 
16: Cic.: v. PLACE (Phr.: out of place). | 
7, intemporalis: Coel. Aur.: Aug. 
unseasonableness : : 1, 
pestivitas: Gell. 2. intemporalitas : 
Coel Aur. 
wnseasonably : 1, intempestive, 
Liv.: Tac.: Ov.  Q, importiine: 
eel: Gell. 3. incommode: Caes.: 
Cic.: Plaut. 4, non apto tempore: 
Ov. Rem. 13r. 6, inepte: Cic.: 
Hor. 6, intempestiviter: Gell.: in- 
temporaliter: Coel. Aur. Acting wu. : 
intempestivus: geese u. making their 
incessant cackling, anseres continuo 
clamore i., Plin. 18, 35, 87. 


unseasoned: Of food: non 
conditus: v. TO SEASON, I. Of 
timber : 1, hamidus: ships hastily | 


made of unseasoned timber, (naves) fac- | 


tae subito ex h. materia, Caes. B.C. 1, 
58. 9. viridis, e: of u. timber, ex v. 
materia, Liv. 29, 1, med. 
unseemly: indécorus, 
eptus : v. UNBECOMING. 
unseen: 1, invisus: wnseen rites, 
sacra i., Auct. Har. Resp. 27, 57: Caes. 
9. invisitatus: omnia visitata et 
invisitata: Vitr. 9, 4. 
unselfish : 1, omni carens cupi- 
ditate (of persons): Cic. Att. 3, 25. 
2. gratuitus (of actions): men’s 
affection and friendship is u., bominum 
caritas et amicitia g. est, id. N. D. 1, 44, 
122: u. integrity, probitas g., id. Fin. 
2, 31, 99: wu. virtue, virtus g., id. Div. 
I, 35, 84. 8. inndcens, ntis: Sall.: 
Suet.: Plin. : v. DISINTERESTED: or expr. 
by phr.: to be w., suae utilitatis imme- 
morem esse, id. Fin. 5, 22, 64: to be 
904 


indécens, in- 


3 (of wine jars): | 


Vv. PREMA- | 


Intem- | 


| fluctuo, Tr: 





quite u., mirifice abstinentem esse, ab 
omni cupiditate remotum esse, Cic. 
(from Kr.): u. acts, facta quae suscepta 
videntur sine emolumento ac praemio, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 85, 346. 
unselfishly : 1. innécenter: Tac. 
2, gratuito: Cic. 3, libéraliter: 
Cic.: Ter. Yo act u., nullo emolu- 
mento incitatus facere aliquid, Cic.; 
sine emolumento aliquid suscipere, Cic. 
(from Kr.). 
unselfishness: inndcentia, 
nentia: Vv. DISINTERESTEDNESS. 
unsentenced: indemnatus: v. UN- 
CONDEMNED. 
unserviceable: 1. initilis: v. 
USELESS. 2, éméritus: Vv. WORN (OUT). 
3, non satis utilis: (of a soldier), 
Ov. Trist. 4, 8, 21. 4, insalibris : 
uw ts u., i. est, Plin. 17, 2, 2 
unsettle: |. To make uncertain 
(that which has been fixed, determined) : 
1, dibium facio, féci, factum, 3: 
you u. a matter by no means doubtful 
by arguing upon it,rem minime dubiam 
argumentando dubiam facis, Cic. N. I). 
3,4, to. Q, expr. by Phr.: the rights 
of citizenship, the title of property of all 
kinds wilt be ud, civitatis jus, bona, 
fortunae possessionesque in dubium in- 
certumque revocabuntur, id. Caecin. 27, 
76. 
13, 38; in dubium vocari (to be called in 
question): ef. Cic. de Inv. 2, 28. 84. To 
leave u.d, in medio relinquere, Cic, Coel. 
20, 48 ; incertum relinquere. id. Mur. 32, 
68. To u. any one’s opinion, movere ali- 
cnjus sententiam, id. Att. 7, 3; aliquem 
de sententia deducere, id. Tusc. 2, 25, 60. 
To go away with the affair u.d, re in- 
fecta abire, Liv. 9, 32. Il. Of the 
mind (to instil doubts, scruples, etc.) : 
1, dubium facio: to u. the mind, 
d. f. animum, Cic. Leg. Man. 10, 27: 
9. dubitatignem afféro, injicio: v. 
poust. To become u.d, sententia de- 
sistere, id. Tusc. 1, 19, 63. To be wd, 
Vv. WAVER, RESTLESS. lll. 
Of the mind (to disturb, agitate): to u. 
the mind, animum loco et certo de statu 
demovere, id. Caecin. 15, 42. To uw. 


conti- 


| thoroughly, perturbo, 1, id. Or. 37, 128: 


| order, confusion) : 


| 





comm6veo, 2: agito, 1: Vv. TO DISQUIET. 
IV. Of things (to bring into dis- 
1, turbo, 1: take 
care that he does not u. anything, ne 
aa ille turbet vide, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1. 
2, perturbo, 1: to u. the province, 
p. provinciam, id. Suli. 20, 56. 3. 
misceo, ui, mistum or mixtum, 2: fo wu. 
the state, rem publicam m., id. Agr. 2, 
33, OI. 
unsettled: diibius, instahilis, incon- 
stans: V. DOUBTFUL, HESITATE, UN- 
STEADY: vagus (of habits): Cic. Clu. 
62, 175: V. ROVING, TO UNSETTLE. 
unsew : dissuo, itum, 3: Ov. Fast. 


I, 408. 

unshackle: solvo, ex vinclis eximo: 
V. UNCHAIN, 

unshackled: solitus: Cic. Fin. 1, 
10, 33: V. UNFETTERED, UNTRAMMELLED, 
FREE. 


unshaded: apricus: w. hills, u. 


colles, Liv. 21, 37: Cic.: Plin.: Poet. 
unshaken: 1, inconcussus: wu. 
by struggles, certaminibus i., Tac. Ann. 


2, 44. 2, illabéfactus: u. harmony, 
i. concordia, Ov. Pont. 4, 12, 30. 3: 
immotus : V. UNMOVED. 
unshapen: V. MISSHAPEN. 
unshaved: intonsus (Vv. UNSHORN): 


irrasus: an wu. cudgel, i. clava, Sil. 8, 
5BGS | ys ee oe a 3 DE 
unsheath: 1, e vagina édico 


(gladium): cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14. 2. 
niido (gladium): Ov. Fast. 2, 693. 
(gladium) stringo, destringo, 3: v. DRAW 
UV.). 

unsheltered : détectus, 
V. UNCOVERED, EXPOSED. 

unship: expono, pdsui, positum, 3: 
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51. 

wishode |. Of human beings: 
pédibus niidis, excalceatus, discalceatus : 


apertus : 


Vv. BAREFOOT. Il. Qf horses: expr. 
by *non calceatus. 
unshorn: 1. intonsus: wu. hair, 


To be u.d, ad incertum revocari, ib. | 





i. capilli, Hor. Epod. 15,9: w. face, i. ora, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 181: u. ancestors, i. avi, 
Ov. Fast. 2, 30: uw. — al coma, Acc, 
Ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 2. im- 
missus (allowed to de u. beard, 
i. barba, Virg. Aen. 3, 593: Quint.: 
u. hair, i. capilli, Ov. Fast. 1, 503. To 
keep (hair and beard) unshorn, pro- 
mitto, misi, missum, 3: Liv. 6, 16. 
unsifted : incrétus: a: poe i. fure 
fures, Appul. Met. 7, p. 194: v. SIFT. 
unsightliness: détormitas, turpi- 
tudo, foeditas: Vv. UGLINEsS. 
unsightly : 1, indécodrus visu: 
Plin. 13, 12, 24. 2. indécens: Mart. 
8. turpis: v. UGLY. 4, foedus 
(very strong): wu. appearance, f. species, 
Lucr. 2, 421: @ most u. monster, foedis- 
simum monstrum, Cic. Pis. 14, 31. 
unsisterlike ; *non sororius. 
unskilful : t 1, impéritus (un- 
unskilled: § practised, and gene- 
rally, inexperienced : rarely of things) : 
u. in speaking, i. dicendi, Cic. de Or. 3, 
44,175: u. in war, i. belli, Nep. Epam. 7 : 
Tudis (raw, clumsy, unacquainted with) : 
u. in warfare, r. rei militaris, Cic. Acad. 
2, I, 2: uw. in engagements of infantry, 
r. ad pedestria bella, Liv. 24, 48: w. 
workmanship, r. opus, Ov. A. A. 3, 228. 
2. inscitus: v. INEXPERIENCED. 3, 
Iners, rtis: Cic. Fin, 2, 34, 115. 4. 
ignarus: v. IGNORANT. 5, inexerci- 
tatus: Vv, UNPRACTISED. 
unskilfulness : 1, impéritia : 
the u. of the legate, i. legati, Sall. Jug. 
42. 2. inscitia: u. in building, i 
aedificandi, Tac. Ger. 16: wu. in 
managing a business. i. negotii gerendi, 


Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, I1. 3, inertia 
(rare): id. Part. 10, 35. 
unskilfully: 1, impérite: Cic.: 


Quint. 2. inscite (without knowledge 
or judgment): Cic.: Liv. 3, inepte: 
v. IMPROPERLY. 

unslaked : I. 
u. lime, v. calx, Vitr. 8, 7. ll. OF 
thirst: non explétus, non satiatus: cf. 
Cic. Par. 1, t: or expr. by neg. witb 
restinguo, sédo; v. QUENCH. 

unsociable: 1, insdciabilis, e: an 
u. race, i. gens, Liv. 37, 1 2. diffi- 
cilis, e: v. SURLY. 8. solitarius : an 
u. meal, 8. coena, Plin. Pan. 49: Vv. SOLI- 
TARY. To be w., sermonem segregare, 
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 61. 

unsodden: v. UNCOOKED. 

unsoiled: siné labe, intéger, intact- 
us, purus, immactlatus: v. UNBLEMISH- 
ED, UNSTAINED. 

unsolicited: expr. by adv. ultro, 
sua sponte: or by neg. with verb: y, 
SOLICIT, UNASKED. 

unsolved ; non sdlitus: v. TO SOLVE, 

unsophisticated : 1. simplex, 
plicis: an u. man, homo s., Cie. Rep. 3, 
16. 2. sincérus: an uw. and pure 
nature, s. et integra natura, Tac. Or. 28, 
jin. Join: simplex et sincerus, Cic. 
Att. 10, 6. 8. incorruptus: v. UN- 
CORRUPTED. 4, frigi: v. SIMPLE. 
Phr.: a thoroughly u. neighbourhood, 
vicinitas non assueta mendaciis, non 
fucosa, non fallax, non erudita artificio 
simulationis, id. Plane. 7, 22. 


Of Vime: vivus: 


unsought: non quaesitus: v. TO 
SEEK. 
unsound: |. Of things: ‘ls 


puter and putris, tris, tre: v. ROTTEN, 


TAINTED. Q, civus: v. HOLLOW. 8, 
cadiicus: v. PERISHABLE. 4, vitids- 
us: V. FAULTY: u. wine, infirmi saporis 


vinum nec perenne, Col. Arb. 3, extr. 

5, affectus (of estate, credit): Liv. 
5, 10: Tac. Hist. 3, 65. 6, évanidus 
(of wood and timber): Vitr. Il. OF 
health and strength: 1, infirmus: 
u. in strength, viribus i., Cic. Verr. 4, 
43, 95: u. health, i, valetudo, id. Brut. 
48, 180. 9, morbodsus, morbidus: v 
SICKLY, UNHEALTHY. II]. Of opinions, 
statements: vanus, falsus, vitiOsus, in- 
firmus, non satis firmus, levis (with 
opinio, argumentum, ratio, rarely with 
sententia): Cic.: that argument is u., 
nullum vero id argumentum est, id. 
Tusce. 2, 5, 13: V. BASELESS, ERRONEOUS. 
Of u. mind, insanus. Cic.: Ter. : mente 


UNSOUNDNESS 


captus, Cic. Acad. 2, 17, 52; male sanus, 
Cic, Att. 9, 15. IV. Of religious 
opinions: sectarian ¢. t.: haeréticus: v. 
UNORTHODOX. To hold u. views on, 
prava sentio, etc., cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 13, 
30. To make u., infirmo, imminuo: 


Vv. TO IMPAIR. 
unsoundness: _ 1. infirmitas: to 
afford a suspicion of u., suspicionem i. 


dare, Suet. Tib. 72. 2. insanitas: 
folly is a sort of u. of mind, insipientia 
est quasi i. quaedam animi, Cic. ‘lusc. 3, 
5, 10: Warr. 3, pravitas: u. of 
opinions, p. opinionum, Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2. 
unsown: 1, non s&tus: v. TO 
sow. 2. inconsitus: Varr. 
unspared: expr. by neg. with par- 
cO; Vv. SPARE. Phr. to leave no pains 
u., Operae plurimum studiique consu- 
mere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 43. 
unsparing: |. Severe, merciless : 
], inclémens, ntis: Liv.: v. un- 
MERCIFUL. Q. acer, cris, cre: more 
u, punishments, acriora supplicia, Cic. 
Gatriy, 1, 3. 8. fcerbus: a most u. 
ishment, acerbissimum supplicium, 
ib. 4, 6, 12. 4. criidélis: v. CRUEL. 
5, sévérus: v. SEVERE. I]. La- 
vish, liberal: préfiisus, prodigus, largus, 
libéralis: v. LIBERAL, UNGRUDGING. 
unsparingly : ]. Severely : in- 
clémenter: Pl.: Liv.: Plin.: criidé- 
liter: Cic.: Acerbe: id. I]. Liber- 
ally: prdflise: Suet.: Liv.: large: Cic.: 
Tac.: v. LAVISHLY. 
unspeakable: infandus, tnénarra- 
bilis, Ineffabilis: v. UNUTTERABLE: in- 
énuntiabilis: Censorin. 
unspin: réneo, 2: Ov. F. 6, 757. 
unspotted: Vv. UNSTAINED. 
unstable: |, Lit. (rare): 1. 
instabilis, e: w. gatt, i. incessus, Liv. 24, 
34. 2, mdbilis,e: v. UNsTEADY. 3, 
incertus: v. INSECURE. |], Fig.: 1. 
instabilis: u. fortune, i. fortuna, Tac. 
Hist. 4,47. 2. fluxus: renown is u. 
and frail, gloria fluxa et fragilis est, 
Sall. Cat. 1. Join: instabilis et fluxus, 
Tac. Ann. 13, 19: f. et mobilis, Sall. 
Jug. 104: Vv. CHANGEABLE, INCONSTANT, 
ONSTEADY. 
unstained : 1, purus: w. by 
crime, sceleris p., Hor. Od. 1, 22, 1. 
Lit.: an wu. spear, p. basta, Stat. ‘heb. 
II, 450. 
the blood of citizens, res familiaris casta 
a cruore civili, Cic. Phil. 13, 4, 8: Poet. 
8. intéger: v.sporLess. 4, incon- 
taminatus: that there may be nothing 
u., ne quid i. sit, Liv. 4, 2. 5, intam- 
inatus: virtue is bright with u. honours, 
virtus i. fulget honoribus, Hor. Od. 3, 
2, 18. 6. impollitus: wu. virginity, 
i. virginitas, Tac. Ann. 14, 35. ie 
intémératus: u. honour, i. tides, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 143: Tac. 8, intactus: wu. 
honour, i. fides, Stat. S. 5,1, 57: v. UN- 
DEFILED, STAINLESS. 
unstamped: of metals, coins, etc. : 
non signatus (v. stamp): of measures, 
etc. : * nullo signo, nulla nota impressus: 
V. UNAUTHORIZED. 
unsteadily : instabiliter : 
mitabiliter (changeable) : 
expr. by adj. 
unsteadiness: 1, instabilitas: 
u. of mind, i. mentis, Plin. 24, 17, 102. 
2 mobbilitus, lévitas, inconstantia : 
Y. INCONSTANCY, FICKLENESS. 
unsteady: 1. instabilis, e: w. gait, 
i. gradus, Curt, 8,11: an wu. footing, i. 
vestigium, Plin. Pan, 22. Fig.: an uw 
and wavering line (of soldiers), i. et 
fluctuans acies, Liv. 9, 35 : v. UNSTABLE. 
2, trémébundus: wu. voice, t. vox, 
Auct. Her. 3, 14, 25. 3. trémiilus; 
an u. light, t. lumen, Virg. Aen. 8, 22: 
V. SHAKE, QUIVER, TREMBLE, 4, va- 
rius: an wu. mind, animus v., Sall. Cat. 
5 5, viigus: Vv. INCONSTANT, VAGUE. 
To be u. (lit. and fig.): fluctuo, 1, va- 
cillo, r: Cic.: v. TO SWAY, WAVER. 
unstitch: dissuo, 3: v. UNRIP. 
unstop: V. OPEN. 
unstring: @f a bow: 1, rétando, 
di, tum or sum, 3: he u.s his bows, ar- 
cus retendit, Ov. Met. 2,419. 2, *ner- 
vum laxo. 


Aug. : 
Varr.: or 





UNTERRIFIED 


unstrung: |. Lit.: v. unsTRIxG. 
Phr.: an u. bow, moilis arcus, Ov. Her. 
4,92. |. Fig.: of the nerves. Phr.: 
my nerves are utterly u., tote mente at- 
que omnibus artubus contremisco, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 26, fin. 

unsubdued : 
TAMED. 


indémitus: v. UN- 


unsubstantial: inanis, lévis: v. 
EMPTY, LIGHT, 

unsuccessful : 1, infélix: v. 
UNFORTUNATE. 2. infaustus: u. in 


war, i. bellis, Tac. Ann. 12, Io: v. UN- 
LUCKY. 3, improsper: v. UNPROs- 
PeRous. 4, adversus (objective). an u. 
engagement, a. proelium, Caes. B. G. 1, 
18: Liv. 5, inanis, cassus: v. UN- 
PROFITABLE. 6, irritus (utterly u.) : 
u. attempts, i. incepta, Liv. 29, 35: u. in 
the embassy, i. legationis, Tac. Hist. 4, 
32: V. INEFFECTUAL. Phr.: and when 
il (the plan) as u., quod ubi secus pro- 
cedit, Sall. Jug. 25: even the greatest 
orators are sometimes u. in their at- 
tempts, nonnunquam summis oratoribus 
non satis ex sententia eventus dicendi 
procedit, Cic. de Or. 1, 27: to be u. ina 
business, rem, hegotium male gerere, 
Cic. ; *successu carere, Georg.: male 
cedere (impers.), Hor. Sat. 2, 1, 31: to 
be utterly u. (in attempts), oleum et 
operam perdere, Cic. Fam. 7, t. 
unsuccessfully: inféliciter: Liv.: 
improspére, T'ac.: parum féliciter, Hirt. : 
frustra, incassum (v. [IN] VAN). 
unsuitable: / 1, incomméddus : 
unsuited: {not uw. under the pre- 
sent circumstances, non incommodum 
pro re nata, Cic. Att. 14, 16: Liv. 3: 
aliénus: a house not u. for their pur- 
pose, domus neque a. consili, Sall. Cat. 
40: u. to the place and time, a. loco, tem- 
pore, Quint. prooem. 5: u. for an engage- 
ment, ad committendum proelium a., 
Caes. B. G. 4, 34: Vv. UNFIT, UNBECOMING, 
3, Ineptus: nothing u., nihil i., 
Cic. Or. 9, 29: V. IMPROPER. 
congruens: Plin. Ep. 4, 9. 
unsuitableness : _incomméditas : 
Cic.: incongruentia: Tert.: v. UNFIT- 


| NESS. 
unsuitably : incommide: Cic. : 
Plaut.: Ter.: inepte: Cic.: Hor.: in- 


| congruenter: Tert. 
2. castus: an estate wu. by | 


unsullied : incorruptus: v. uN- 
STAINED, UNBLEMISHED. 
unsuspected: non suspectus: v. 
susprcT. Phr.: to be quite w., fugere 
suspicionem, Cic. Att. 8, 16: anything 
is u., nulla subest de aliqua re suspicio, 
id. Rose. Am. 10, 28: any one is u., non 
cadit in aliquem suspicio, cf. id. Sull. 27, 
75: to pass u. among..., inter 
sine ulla suspicione versari, Caes. B. G. 
5, 44: V. UNDOUBTED, TRUSTED. 
ree ee _ 1, minime sus- 
unsuspicious: § picax (of charac- 
ter): cf. Liv. 40, 14. 9, nihil mali 
suspicans, cf. Cluent. 9, 27. 3. iv- 
cautus: v. GUARD (Phr. off one’s g.). 
untainted : 1, intéger):_ 
streams, i. fontes, Hor. Od. 1, 26, 6: Cic. 
2. non infectus: v. TO TAINT. 
untamed: 1, indédmitus: wu. 
dispositions, i. ingenia, Liv. 21, 20: the 
u. sea, i. mare, Vib. 2, 3, 45: u. destres, 
i. animi cupiditates, Cic. Rose. Am. 14, 
39. 9, immansuétus: Ov.: Sen.: v. 
SAVAGE. 8, férus, efférus: v. WILD. 
untasted: ingustatus (not having 
been tasted before): Hor. Sat. 2, 8, 30. 


Phr.: leave the food u., rejice cibos, Ov. | 


Am. I, 4, 34. 

untaught: i 
LEARNED. 2, indicilis,e: u. ways (of 
water), i. vias, Prop. 1, 2, 12: an u. 
strain, i. numerus, Ov. Trist. 4, 1, 6. 

8. riidis: v. IGNORANT. 

unteachable : indicilis, e (of per- 
sons): Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12: Plin.: Hor.: 
an u. system, i. disciplina, Cic. Acad. 2, 
Tyke 

untenable: *quod defendi non po- 
test: *in qua (sententia) manere non 
potest. 

untenanted : vacuus: v. UNLET, UN- 
INHABITED. 

unterrified : 


interritus: Tac. : 


4, in- | 


indoctus: Vv. UN- | 





| 4 IT. 








UNTOLD 
Virg.: impavidus: Liv.: Poet.: v. un- 
DAUNTED. 
unthankful : ingratus: v. on- 
GRATEFUL, THANKLESS. 
unthankfully: ingrate: v. ox- 


GRATEFULLY, THANKLESSLY. 

unthankfulness; aoimus ingratus : 
V. INGRATITUDE, THAN KLESSNESR, 

unthinking: inconsidératus: v. m- 
CONSIDERATE, THOUGHTLESS, 

unthrifty: prdidsus, prodigus: v. 
EXTRAVAGANT, WASTEFUL. 

untie: 1, solvo, solvi, sdlitum, 
3: lou. a knot, nodum s., Hor. Od. 3, 
21, 22: the husband us the girdle fas- 
tened with the Herculean knot, cingulum 
nodo Herculeaneo vinctum vir s, Sen 
Ep. 87, ad fin.: ¥. UNBIND, UNLOOSE. 

2. dissolvo, 3: to u. knots, nodos d., 

Lucr. 6, 356. 8. laxo, 1: v. TO UN- 
Loose. Phr.: to u knots, nodos manu 
diducere, Ov. Met. 2, 560. 

until (emj.): 1, dum: with indie 
if mere succession in time is indicated : 
e.g. that bargain remained in force u 
the judges were rejected, ea redemptiv 
mansit dum judices rejecti sunt, Cic. 
Verr. Act. 1, 6, 16: u J return, dum 
redeo, Virg. Ecl. 9, 23: with subj. when 
there is an idea of purpose. e. g. let 
them put it off to another time, u. eer 
anger has subsided, differant in aliud 
tempus dum defervescat ira, id. Vuse. 4, 
36, 78: Caesar, however, always uses 
the sub. 2. donéc (rare in Cic.: not 
in Caes. or Sall.): same construction as 
dum: Livy, however, and Tacitus oc- 
casionally use the subj. when speaking 
of facts. 8. quéad: with ind. or 
subj. according as it refers to actual fact 
or not: cf. (with sug.) Caes. B.G. 5, 24. 
Cic. Fam. 4, 3: (with indic.) u. the 
citadel vas given up, qnoad dedita arx 
est, Liv. 26, 46: usque eo- q., Cic. Deiot. 
4. quéadusque: with indic., 
Suet. Caes. 14. 5, usque dum: Cic 
Verr. 1, 5, 12: Plaut. 6, adeo usque 
dum ; Plaut. Am. 1,2, 10. The idea of the 


| continuance of action up to the specitied 


limit is enforced by adding to the prin- 
cipal clause usqne ad eum finem before 
dum, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 51, fin.: usque eo, 
usque adevw before quoad: Cic.; before 
donec: Plaut.: u. now, usque adbuc 
Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 21: u. what time? 
quousque? v. HOW LONG. For con- 
struction, v. L. G. $¢ : és 

until (prep.): . ad (with or 
without usque): u. his return, ad re- 
ditum suum, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82: from 
about ten o'clock u. sunset, ab hora fere 
quarta usque ad solis occasum, Caes. 
B. G. 3, 15: u. late at night, ad multam 
noctem, ib. 1, 26: from morning uw. 
evening, & mane usque ad vesperam, 
Suet. Cal. 18: u. dawn, ad lucem, Liv. 
3, 28. 2. in: he will sleep u, broad 


| day, dormiet in lucem, Hor. Ep, 1, 18, 


u. | 





34: he spoke u. night, dixit in noctem, 
Plin. Ep. 4,9. Esp. to put off u., differre 
in...: e. g. to put off u. to-morrow, in 
crastinum 4, Cic. de Or. 2, go, fim.: v. 
PUT (OFF). 

untile; d@mo tégiilas, nido tégilis, 
d&tégo: v. TO UNROOP. 


untilled; incultus, riidis: v. UN- 
CULTIVATED. 

untimely : 1, immftiirus: wu. 
death, i. mors, Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 11g > Plin.: 


Suet. 2, praematirus; wu. death, p. 
mors, Plin. 7, $1, §2- 3. importiinus : 
u. death, i. mors, Ov. Am, 3, 9, 19 : 
Aicerbus: u. death, funus a., Virg. Aen. 
6, 429: to bring forth u. offspring, ante 
diem edere partus acerbos, Ov. Fast. 4, 
647: V. UNSEASONABLE, An u, birth, 
abortus, ibortio: Vv. MISCARRIAGE, | : 

untinged: non tinctus, non imba- 
tus: Vv. TINGE. 

untired: 
UNWEARIED. 

untiring: assiduus: v. UNFLAGGIYG, 
UNREMITTING. 


unto: v.TO i 
untold: |. ot related, mention- 


ed: 1, immémdritus (new): Hor, 
Ep. I, 19, 33- Q. inéditus: u. care, i. 


ind@fessus: intéger: v. 


| cura, Ov. Pont, 4, 16, 39 (v. UNMEM- 


95 


UNTOUCHED 


UNWALLED 


UNWISE 





TIONED). Or expr. by neg. and narro, 
dico, memoro (v. TELL). Phr.: to leave 
t., omitto, praetermitto [v. Pass (OVER )}, 
sileo de (v. SILENT): brave deeds re 
main u., fortia facta silent, Ov. Met 12, 
§75- |. Not counted : non ntmeratus : 
v. TO couNT. Phr.: to trust any one 
with u. gold, marsupium cum argento 
alicui concredere, Plaut. Men. 5, 1, I 
untouched: 1, intactus: to send 
anybody away u. and unhurt, i. aliquem 
inviolatumque dimittere, Liv. 2, 12: his 
body u. by a weapon, i. ferro corpus, id. 
1, 25: Sall.: Virg.. Hor. Fig.: a 
mind u. by religious influences, i. reli- 
gione animus, Liv. 5, 15. 2. intéger: 
u. treasure, i. thesaurus, Plaut. Truc. 4, 
12, I3. v. UNINJURED, UNDISTURBED. 
8. indélibatus: wu. wealth, i. opes, 
Ov. Trist. 1, 5, 28. 4, immotus (of 
the feelings): v. UNMOVED. ‘To leave u. 


(of subjects in speaking): v. Pass 
[over]. 
untoward : adversus: v. UNLUCKY: 


contiimax, cis: v. STUBBORN. 
untractable: intractabilis: v. FRO- 
WARD, INTRACTABLE. 
untrained: inexercitatus: 
PRACTISED, UNPREPARED. 
untranslatable: *quod totidem 
verbis transferri non potest: *non ex- 
primendum. 
untried: |. Unattempted, un- 
sted, 1, inexpertus: a new and u. 
power, nova et i. potestas, Liv. 3, 52: 
legions u. by civil war, legiones civili 
bello i., Tac. Hist. 2,75. Phr.: to leave 
nothing u., omnia experiri, Ter. And. 2, 
I, 11: Caes. 2. intentaius: owr poets 
have left nothing u., nil intentatum nos- 
tri liquere poetae, Hor, A. P. 285: 
Virg.: Tac. 3, intactus: a new and 
u. method, nova ique ratio, Plin. 34, 8, 
19, No. 6 Sall.: Hor.: Virg. 4, in- 
tractatus: thot 10 crime or fraud might 
be u., ne quid intractatum scelerisve do- 
live esset, Virg. Aen. 8, 295. Il. Not 


Vv. UN- 


tried judicially : 1, indicta causa, 
Cie. Leg. Reels a2: 2. incognita 
causa, id. N. D. 2, 24, 73. 8. inaudit- 


us; Tac. Ann. 2, 77: Suet.: v. UNHEARD. 

untrimmed: borridus: v. sHacecy, 
ROUGH. To be left u., immitti, missus, 
3: that vine is left u., ea vitis immit- 


titur, Varr. R. KR. 1, 31, 3: of beard 
and hair: v. UNSHORN, UNCUT, UN- 
DRESSED. 

untrodden: 1, non tritus: wu. 


places, loca nullius ante trita solo, Luer. 
I, 926. 2, avius: v. LONESOME, 
PATHLESS, Fig.: to pursue u. paths, to 
leave the trodden, vias indagare inusita- 
tas, tritas relinquere, Cic. Or. 11. 

untroubled: 1, séciirus: sérén- 
uS: V. TRANQUIL. 2. placidus, qui- 
tus: v. CALM, QUIET. 3. aequus: 
V. UNRUFFLED. 4, vacuus: v. CARE- 
LESS: or expr. by neg. part. and verb: 
Vv. TO TROUBLE. 

untrue: falsus, mendax: v. FALSE. 

untruly: falso: v. FALSELY. 

untruth: mendacium : 
FALSEHOOD. 

unturned: Phr.: to leave no stone 
u. (to find out anything), investigo et 
perscrutor omnia, cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 47. 

untutored: v. UNPROMPTED, UN- 


Vv. LIE, 


TAUGHT. 
aa 1, réneo, 2: v. To 
untwist: § UNSPIN. 2. rétexo, 
xui, xtum, 3: v. TO UNWEAVE. 3 


solvo, solvi, sdlitum, 3 (gen. term): v. 
LOOSEN, UNRAVEL. 
unused: |. Of persons: insué- 
tus, insdlens, insdlitus, Inexpertus: v. 
UNACCUSTOMED. Il. Of things: 1, 
intéger (n& yet used): v. FRESH, NEW. 
9, inisitatus: an u. word, i. ver- 
bum, Cic. de Or. 3, 38,152: Vv. OBSOLETE. 
3. non tritus (not worn by use): 
V. USED, USE. 4. vacuus: v. UNOC- 
CUPIED. 5, non isitatus: an wu. 
wing, non u. penna, Hor. Od. 2, 20, 1. 
To let no day go u., nullum diem prae- 
termittere, id. Att. 9, 14: v. TO LET 
PASS, TO LOSE. 
unusual: 1, insdlitus (gen. term): 
a talkativeness u. to me, i. mibi loqua- 











citas, Cic. de Or. 2, 88, 361: an u. word, 
i. verbum, id. Balb. 16, 36: with subj. : 
Join: it ts quite u. to consider, rarum 
ac prope insolitum est ut putet, Plin. 
Pan. 60: u. toil, i. labor, Ov. Met. Io, 
554: to venture on an u. thing, insolitum 
sibi andere, Tac. Hist. 4, ?3: V. STRANGE, 
UNWONTED. 9, insdlens, ntis: an uw. 
word, i. verbum, Cic. Or. 8, 25. 3. 
insuétus: wu. desertedness, i. solitudo, 
Liv. 3, 52: an wu. journey, i. iter, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 16. 4, inisitatus: w. size, 
i. magnitudo, Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38: Join: 
novus et inusitatus, Caes. B. C. 3, 47: 
or expr. by neg. with usitatus (mean- 
ing not in use). 5, inaudirus (of 
speech, etc.): I will say nothing u., ni- 
hil i. dicam, Cic. de Or. 1, 31,137: also 
of things (strong term): Vv. UNHEARD 


[oF]. 6. novus: v. NEW. 7. ra- 
Tus: V. SCARCE. 8. égrégius: v. UN- 
COMMON, DISTINGUISHED. 9, singt- 
laris: Vv. UNIQUE, SINGULAR. 10. 
Enormis (of shape and size): v. ENOR- 
MOUS. ll. extraordinarius: v. Ex- 
TRAORDINARY. Phr: anything uw. 


happens, praeter con-uetudinem accidit 
aliquid, Cic. Div. 2, 28, 60: it ts u. for 
me to vender..., Nol est meae con- 
suetudinis... reddere..., id. Rab. 1, 1. 
They had attracted u. attention, plus 
solito converterant in se animos, Liv. 


24, 9. 
unusually: 1, insdlenter: Cic, : 
Caes. 2, égrégie (with adjs., in a 


good sense): an u. brave general, e. fortis 
imperator, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 268. 3. 
Inusitate: Cic.: Vv. STRANGELY. 4, 
praeter sdlitum: w. blithe, p. s. laeti, 
Virg. Georg. 1, 412. 5, raro: v. 
SELDOM. 6, expr. by sdlito with a 
comp. adj.: e. g. u. handsome, solito 
formosior, Ov. Met. 7, 84. Phr.: bel- 
lowing u., insueta rudentem, Virg. Aen. 
8, 248: earth u. close, terra supra morem 
densa, id. Georg. 2, 227. 
unusualness : J, insdlentia: w. 
of words, i. verborum, Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 
50. 2. ndvitas: v. NOVELTY. Be 
varitas: V. FEWNESS, RARITY, or expr. 
by adj. or adv. : V. UNUSUAL, UNUSUALLY. 
unutterable : 1, ineffabilis: v. 
UNPRONOUNCEABLE. 2. infandus: an 
u. affair, res 1., Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 322: 
u. toils, i. labores, Virg. Aen. I, 597. 
8, inénarrabilis: v. INDESCRIB- 
ABLE. 4. incrédibilis: v. INCRED- 
IBLE. Unutterable is often used as a 
mere superl., and to be translated by im- 
mensus, maximus, etc. [N.b.—inél6- 
quax, ineloquibilis, are Eccl.} 
unutterably : 1, * supra quam 
enarrari potest (beyond all description) : 


Georg. 2. incrédibiliter: v. INCRE- 
DIBLY. 8, intdléranter: v. INTOLER- 
ABLY, EXCESSIVELY. I’hr.: Iam wu. re- 


joiced, non dici potest quam valde gau- 
deam, Cic. Fam. 7, 15. 

unvarnished : J]. Lit.: non 
ficatus, fuco non illitus, Cic.: v. To 
VARNISH. \J. Fig.: 1, sine fuco: 
in these there ts an appearance of u. 
truth, in his inest quidam sine f. veri- 


tatis color, Cic. Brut. 44, 162. 2. sin- 
cérus: opp. to fucatus: Join: sincera 
atque vera, id. Am. 25, 95. 3, sim- 


plex, plicis: Join: nihil simplex, 
nibil sincerum, id. Att. 10, 6: v. SIMPLE. 
4, nidus: v. NAKED, PLAIN. To 
tell an wu. tale, simpliciter et libere 
verum dicere, loqui, Cic. (from Kr.). 


unveil: |. Lit.: 1, detégo, 
xi, ctum, 3: to wu. the face, d. faciem, 
Suet. Ner. 48: v. UNCOVER, EXPOSE. 


2. velamen alicujus capiti detraho, 
Kr. after Mart. 3, 43, 3. To wu. one- 
self, caput aperire, Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77. 


I]. Fig.: Vo make manifest : if 
niido, 1: Cic.: v. EXPOSE. 2. de- 
nudo, I: Vv. LAY BARE, DISCLOSE, 3. 


patefacio, feci, factum, 3: truth u.’d, 
veritas p., id. Sull. 16, 45. 4, apério, 
érui, ertum, 4: id. Fin. 1, 9, 30: v. RE- 
VEAL. Ud, nidus: u.’d words, verba 
n., Plin. Ep. 4, 14. 

unwalled;: *muro, moenibus non 
cinctus, septus, circumdatus, etc.; im- 
mninitus (unfortified): Liv. To be u. 





(of @ city), esse sine muris, Liv. 39, 
37. 

unwarily : impridenter, incaute, 
inconsulte, témére: Caes.: Cic.: Liv. 
yun Wwariness : Iimpridentia: Caes.: 
ic. 

unwarlike: imbellis: Cic.: Liv.: 
Sall.: v. PEACEFUL. 

unwarrantable: iniquus, injustus: 
V. UNJUSTIFIABLE. 

unwarrantably : précario: to gain 
possession u., p. possidere, Cic. Caec. 32, 
g2. 

unwarranted: 1. Not war- 
ranted (of a purchase) : non satisda- 
tum: Cic.: Dig.: v. GUARANTEE, WAR- 
RANT. [], Not ascertained, uncertain : 
oes sine auctore editus, sine fide 
jactatus, nullo certo auctore allatus: v. 
UNCERTAIN, UNFOUNDED. 

unwary : impridens, incautus, in- 
consultus, témérarius: v. INCAUTIOUS. 

unwashed: illdtus: wu. servants, 
i, ministri, Mart. 8, 67, 5: to touch with 
u. hands, i. manibus tractare, Plaut. 
Poen. t, 2, 103: V. DIRTY. 

unwearied: 1, indéfessus: an u. 
right hand, i. dextra, Virg. Aen. 11, 
151: Ov.: Join: i. et assiduus, Tac. 
Ann. 16, 22. 2. impiger (of cha- 
racter): wu. in action, i. manu, Tac. 
Ann. 3, 20: V. INDEFATIGABLE. 3. 
sédiilus : v. INDUSTRIOUS. 4, assi- 
duus: uw. and careful writing, a. et 
diligens scriptura, Cic. Or. 1, 33, 150: 
Vv. UNREMITTING. 5, strénuus: v. 
VIGOROUS, ACTIVE. 

unweave: rétexo, xui, xtum, 3: 
tou. her web, telam r., Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 
jin. 

unwelcome: non acceptus, ingra- 
tus, injacundus: Vv. UNACCEPTABLE, DIS- 
AGREEABLE, 

unwell: ee invalidus, infirmus : 
V. ILL, SICK. : Iam very u., sum 
admodum intial Cie! Acrx, 4, 142 
I jeel u., male est animo, Plaut. Cure. 
2, 3, 33: I am getting u., male fit 
animo, id. Rud. 2, 6, 26. 

unwept: 1, inflétus: a crowd 
unburied and u., inhumata infletaque 
turba, Virg. Aen. II, 37 2. indé- 
flétus: wu. spirits, i. animae, Ov. Met. 7, 
611. 3. indeploratus: this head u., 
caput hoc i., id. Trist. 3, 3,46. Vo be u. 
(of a death), lacrimis vacare (mortem), 
Cic. Sen. 20, 73. 

unwholesome: _1. grivis, e: u. 
food, g. cibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24. 
nocuus: an uU. sea breeze, n. afflatus 
maris, Plin. 17, 4, 2 8. insalabris: 
a most u. wine, insaluberrimum vinum, 
Plin. 23, 1,22: V. UNHEALTHY, INDIGEST- 
IBLE, 

unwieldiness : inhabilis corporis 
vasti moles, cf. Curt. 9, 2: Vv. CLUMSI- 
NESS. 

unwieldy : inhabilis, gravis, immo- 
bilis: v. CLUMSY. 

unwilling: invitus: u. judges, i. 
judices, Cic. Mur. 20, 42: v. INVOLUN- 
TARY. To be u., nolo, nolui, nolie: 
women are u. when you are willing, 
when you are u. they desire, mulieres 
nolunt ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, 
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 43: Vv. TO WISH (NOT). 
To be utterly u., abhorreo (with prep, 


ab and gerund): v. AVERSE. 
unwilling 1, invite (rare) : 
ic. 2. non eres: Vv. (AGAINST 
ONE’S) WILL. 3, gravate, Cic. 


grivatim (rare) : Liv.: Lucr. Most treq. 
expr. by adj. invitus, non libens, agree- 
ing with subject. To write letters u., 
gravari litteras dare, Cic. Fam. 9, 14. 
Very wu. perinvitus, Cie. : Liv. 

unwillingness; In class. prose 
expr. by adj., adv., or v. Tert. uses 
nolentia. 

unwind: 1, révolvo, valvi, véli- 
tum, 3: they wu. their threads, retro sua 
fila r., Sen. Here. Fur. 182. Q, ré- 
texo, 3: V. UNWEAVE. 3. explico, 
avi (post.-Aug. ui), tum, or itum, I: to 
u. spindles, e. fusos, Mart. 4, 54, 10. 
For refl., Vv. UNCOIL. 

unwise: 1, insipiens: Cic.: Sen. 

9. stultus: v. FOOLISH. 3. in 


UNWISELY 





priidens: v. RASH. 4, inconsultus * 


Vv. INDISCREET, 


unwisely: 1. insipienter: Plaut.: 
Cic. Q. stulte: v. FOOLISHLY. 
malé: if he leave Italy he will act 


altogether u., si iste Italiam relinquet 
faciet omnino male, Attic. in Cic. Att. 
9, Io. 

unwittingly: expr. by adj., im- 
priidens : v. UNCONSCIOUSLY, INADVERT- 
ENTLY. 

unwished for: non optatus: v. 
WISHED FOR. 


unwithered: végétus, intéger: v. 


FRESH. 

unwittily: 1. infacéte: Vell.: 
Plin. 2. insulse : Cic.: v. TASTELESS- 
iy. 3, inepte: Cic.: v. IMPROPERLY, 
FOOLISHLY. 

unwitty : 1, infacétus: a not u. 


lie, non i. mendacium, Cic. Coel. 29, 69. 
2, insulsus: v. TASTELESS, INSIPID, 
3. inmeptus: v. stLLy, ABSURD. 
unwomanly: non ‘muliebris: 
WOMANLY: or expr. by circuml.: 
WoMAN. It is u.,*non mulieris est. 
unwonted: insdlitus, insuétus, Ini- 
sitatus: v. UNUSUAL. 
unworthily : 1, indigne: Plaut.: 


Vv. 
Vv. 


Ter.: Caes.: Cic. Db} indigniter : 
Anthol. Lat. 8, indignum in modum, 
Liv. 29,9. 4, indignis modis, Ter. 


Ald 2.0K, 12: 

unworthiness: 1, indignitas: 
no one was rejected for u., nemo propter 
i. rejectus est, Cic. Caec. 19, 63. 2 
vilitus: v. BASENESS, MEANNESS. 

unworthy: 1, indignus (in good 
and bad sense, unbecoming, wunde- 
served): eonstr. abs. with abl., or qui 
with subj.; Livy only uses ut with 
subj.; the poets use the inf.: cf. L. G. 
§ 320 and 480: any one, however u., 
may have riches, divitias quivis, quam- 
vis i., habere potest, Cic. Tuse. 5, 16, 
46: were u. to gain their request, i. 
erant qui impetrarent, id. Rosc. Am. 41, 
119: deeds u. of our race, indigna genere 
nostro, Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 44: we were u. of 
being redeemed by you, i. ut a vobis redi- | 
meremur, Liv. 22, 59: thighs w. of being 
hurt, i. laedi crura, Ov. Met. 1, 508. 

2. imméritus: wu. to die, i. mori, 

Hor. Od. 3, 2, 21 (v. UNDFSERVING): wu. 
praises, laudex i, Liv. 4, 13. fin. (v. UN- 
DESERVED): why does my punishment 
drag down the u.? immeritos cur mea 
poena trahit? Ov. Trist. 1, 2, 58: v. IN- 
NOCENT. 3. alienus: wu. of a wise 
man, a. a sapiente, Cic. Acad. 2, 43, 132: 
Ter.: u. of that high character which 
every one gives me, a. ejus dignitatis 
quam mihi quisque tribuit, Cic. Fin. 1, 
4, 11: u. of my character, a. existima- 
tione mea, id. Att. 6, 1. 4, vilis, e: 
Vv. WORTHLESS: u. treatment cr beha- 
viour, indignitas. Caes. B. G. 2, 4: Liv. 
Phr.;: to do nothing u. of a philosopher, 
nihil a dignitate sapientis discedere, Cic. 
Off. 1, 20, 67. 

unwrap: 1, explico, 1: v. UN- 
FOLD. Q, évolvo, 3: v. UNROLL. 8, 
solvo pay okuerum (to loosen the wrap- 
per): Dig. 47, 2, 21. 

unwritten: 
Cic. 2, inscriptus, Quint. 3, 
To leave u., * non scribere (Kr.). 

unwrought : 1, ridis, e: w. 

ze, TY. aes, Plin. 33, 3, V3. Oy 

infectus: wu. silver (uncoined), i. argen- 
tum, Liv. 34, to. Join: rudis et i, 
Petr. 114. Phr.. wu. stone, vivum 
saxum, Virg. Aen. I, 167. 

unvielding: obstinatus, firmus, in- 
flexibilis: v. INFLEXIBLE, UNCONQUER- 


1, non scriptus: 
30. 


unyoke: 1, abjungo, xi, nctum, 
3: to u. a bullock, a. juvencum, Virg. 
Georg. 3,518. 2, disjungo, 3: Varr.: 
Col.: Cic.: Hor. 8, solvo, 3: v. UN- 
HARNESS, Or expr. by circuml. with 
jugum: e. g. to u. oxen, demere juga 
bobus, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 43. 

up: Phr.: up the stream, adverso 
flumine, Virg. Georg. 1,201: inadversum 
flumen, Caes. B.G. 4,60: to bring corn up 
the river Arar in vessels, frumentum flu- 
mine Arari subvehere navibus, Caes, B.G. 


UPHILL 


x, oe eee conveyed up ake stream, flumine | Hist. 4 71. 


adverso subvectus, Liv. 24, 40: up the 
stairs, contra scalus, Plin. 7, 20, 19: 
J live up three pair of stairs, scalis ba- 
bito tribus, Mart. 1, 112- up the hill: 
Vv. UPHILL: they charye up the hill, 
erigunt aciem per adversum collem, Tac. 
Hist. 3, 71: he will go up mountains, 
ibit in adversos montes, Ov. Am. 1,9, 11: 
part of the camp rising gently up the hill, 
pars castrorum leniter in collem exsur- 
gens, Tac. Hist. 4, 23: up the country, 
in interiora (regni), Liv. 42, 39: tribes 
who live up the country, interiores na- 
tiones, Cic. Manil. 22, 64: to rise up 
against us, cooriri in nos, Tac. Hist. 1, BS 
exsurgere adversus, contra, ib. 2, 76: 
TO REBEL, INSURRECTION. Up and te 
sursum deorsum, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 84: 
Ter. : towallk up and down, \nambilo, 1: 
Liv. 40, 8: v, BACKWARDS, ae, 
High up, sursum, Varr. Ter.: v. HIGH, 
ABOVE. 
by sub-, or e-, ex-, con-, in comp. with a 
verb: e. g. to get, rise, stand up, surgo, 
e€xsurgo, V. GET, RISE, STAND: ¢o lift up, 
sublévo, v. LirT: to hold up, sustento, 
sustineo, v. BEBO SUPPORT : to look 
up, suspicio, v. : to kad up, sub- 
diico, é@rigo, v. Ae to bring up (to 
rear), édtico, V. BRING, REAR, EDUCATE: 
to bring up (to vomit), émodlior, v. SPIT, 
VomIT: to set, raise up, @rigo, Vv. SET, 
RAISE, ERECT: to climb up, escendo, 
enilor, v. CLIMB, MOUNT: lo eat up, 
cémédo, v. EAT to drink up, combibo, 
ebibo. v. DRINK: to burn up, combiro, 
Vv. BURN: to use, take up, consimo, 
confizio, v. USE. to snatch up, corripio, 
Vv. SNATCH: etc. To take up (position, 
space, room), occiipo, V. OCCUPY, TAKE: 
to come up with, conséquor, assequor, Vv 
OVERTAKE. To keep up with: V KEEP. 
From my childhood, youth, up, a par- 
vulo, puero, juvene: Vv. CHILDHOOD, 
YOUTH. Vo sit up, vigilo: v, AWAKE, 
TO WATCH. 

up to: ténus (with abl., more rarely 
gen., always placed after its case): 
in some places the water was up to 
‘the waist (nare!), alibi umbilivo tenus 
aqua erat, Liv. 26, 45, extr.: he plunged 
his sword up to the hilt in his side, 
lateri capulo tenus abdidit ensem, Virg. 
Aen. 2, 553. 
fig.), aequo, t: the river was so high 
‘hat it came up to the top on the horses’ 
vreasts, fluminis altitudo summa eqno- 
rum pectora ae., Curt. 4, 9, 15: books 
which already almost come up to those 
(i. e. equal in merit), libri qui jam illos 
fere ae., Cic. Off. 1, I, 3° 
To trace up to, repeto a: nostrum bune 
populum hesterno sermone a stirpe repe- 


tivit, id. Rep. 3,12, fim. Up to (of time), | 
usque ad: Vv. UNTIL. 
upbraid: |. 7 reprove justly : 


1. castigo verbis, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88: 
castigo, id. de Or. I, 41, 185. 9, ob- 
jurgo, 1: id. Am. 24,88: Vv. TO REPROVE, 
REPROACH, CHIDE. |]. 70 abuse, rail 
at: 1. objurgo, 
hated, sic o. quasi oderint, Quint. 2, 2, 
9: Plaut. 92. exprobro, 1: those very 
letters seem as it were to u. me, illae ipsae 
litterae quasi e. mihi videntur, Cic. Fam. 
5, 15: to u. you with your misfortunes 
in war, sibi casus bellicos e., id. Verr. 5, 
SOnre 20 ease Sica ui, {tum, 1: Plaut.: 


Liv.: Sall: v. rocume. 4, incrépito, 
1: Caes.: Ving: with vocibus, verbis : 
Caes, Liv.: v. TO SCOLD. 5, objicio, 


jéci, jectum, 3 (with dat. of pers., acc. 
of ground of censure): he u.s me with 
having been at Baiae, o. mihi me ad 
Baias fuisse, Cic. Att. 1, 18: Vv. TO TAUNT. 
a u. vehemently, corripio, ripui, reptum, 
: Cic.: Liv.: v. TO REVILE, RAIL AT. 
 upbraider : exprobrator, exprobra- 


trix: Sen.: or expr. by verb. 
upbraiding : e xprobratio : Liv.: 
Ter.: Plin. 


uphill: adversus clivum, Caes. B.G. 
3, a Plaut.: adverso colle, Sall. J. 52: 
adversus montem, Caes. B. C. 1, 46: he 
leads his army u., erigit auzmen in ad- 
versum clivum, Liv 9. 31, Jin. : to lead | 


the line u., erigere aciem in collem, Tac. | Att. 1, 12, fin. 


Up is generally expr. in Latin | 


To come up to (lit. and | 


V. TO EQUAL. | 


1: they u. as if they | 











| Vv. HONOUR: 


UPPERMOST 








With subs, acclivis or ug 
arduus: that part of the ‘road is quite u., 
ea viae pars est valde acclivis, Cic.Q. Fr. 
3, I, 2: V. STEEP. 

uphold: Lit. andFig.: sustineo, 2; 
sustento, 1; fulcio, 4. Fig.: stabilio, 
4° V. TO SUPPORT. 

upholsterer: *qui conclavia ornat, 
Kr.: * supe llectilis opifex (a working 
u.): *qui supellectilem venditat, 

upland: ], éditus: u. districts, 
edita, Tac. Ann. 15,27. 2, montanus: 
an u, field, m. ager, Varr. R. R. 1, 6: v, 
HIGHLAND. 

upon: 1, siiper (local, and also 
used accumulatively, and of abstract re- 
lation, concerning): constr. with ace, 
chiefly after verbs imphying motion or 
extension, and with abl: to sit u.a 
snake, 8. aspidem assidere, Cic. Fin. 2, 
18, 59: to be thrown head/oremost u. the 
stakes, 8. vallum praecipitari, Sall. Jug. 
58: v. OVER: to rest u. green herbage, 
earioree fronde s. viridi, Virg. Eel. 1, 

: placing fresh logs u. the hearth, 
ey fuco reponens, Hor. Od. 5, 
kisses u. kisses, savia s. savia, Plant, 
Pseud. 4, 1, 38: they are slaughtered 
one uU. = apie alii s. alios trucidantur, 
Liv. 1, 50: Twill write u. this subject, 
hac s, i scribam, Cic. Att. 16, 6 (in this 
sense de is more common: v. CON- 
CERNING, ABOUT): also in comp.: « g. 
to sit u., stipersédeo: to stand u. su- 
persto: v. SIT, STAND. 2. @, ex (in 
the sense of immediately after and ac- 
cording to): cheapness followed upon the 
greatest scarcity and dearness, vilitas ¢ 
summa inopia et caritate consecuta est, 
Cic. Manil. 15, 44: upon Pompey’s re- 
commendation, e commendatione Pom- 
peii. Suet. Caes. 75. 3. a, 4b: in the 
phrases, u. the le/t, the right, the flank, 
etc., a laeva, dextra, latere, etc.: also in 
to be upon any one’s side, stare, esse, ab 
aliquo: to depend u., pendere a: v. ON, 
4. in (with abl.): u. He whole, 

in toto, Cic. Att. 13, 20, fin.: Vv. ON. 
Upon is often expr. by prep. in in 
comp. with verbs: e. g. & rush u, 
irruo: to fall, light, u.. incido: to 
play u. (of wind instruments), infio: 
to put, impose, u., impono: to put u.a 
level with, in aequo ponere (with dat.), 


Liv. 39, 50, fin.: to dwell u., insisto, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 47. 5, ad: u. the whole, 
ad summam, Cic. Att. 14, 1: u. (in 


comsequence of) this Caesar pardoned 
them, ad ea Caesar veniam illis tribuit, 
Tac, Ann. 12,37. 6, sub (just after): 
u. this he said, sub hoc inquit, Hor. Sat. 


2, 8, 43° also u. condition that ... not, 
sub ea conditione ne ..., Cic. Arch. 10, 
|} 25. Miscell. Phr.: u. any terms, 


ulla conditione, Cic. Fin. 5, 20, 55: m, 


| my honour, do fidem, Ter. Eun. §, 9, 30: 


u. his knees, genibus minor, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 28: u. reflection, etc, 
mnay often be expr. by the dat. of the 
pres. part. of corresponding verb: vy, 
REFLECT: wu. this (in continuation of a 
narrative) is often to be rendered by the 


abl. abs. with a rel.: Vv. THEREUPON, 
WHEREUPON. 
upper: 1. sip@rus (esp. of aérial 


and celestial things and persons, or of 
the werld opposed to the lower regions); 


Cic.: Virg. Vv. ABOVE, HIGHER, 
siipérior: an u. room, s, caenaculum, 
Plant. Am. 3, 1, 3: the u. part of the 


hill. s. pars collis, Caes. B. G. 7, 46: all 
the u. part of the house is unoccupied, 
tota domus s. vacat, Cic, Att. 12, 10: 
all the u. part of the Circus, sammus 
Circus, Ov. Fast. 6, 205. Phr.: the u 
classes, *ordines superiores, ampliores: 
to get the u. hand, sipéro, vinco, supe- 
rior discedo: V. OVERCOME, CONQUER: 
on the u. side, supra: v, ABOVE, [ON 
THE) TUP: the u. part, superficies, Plin, 
uppermost: 1. sujmus: v. Top- 
mMosT. 92. suprémus (of what is above 
in the air or heaven): v. HIGHEST, 
So eee (of order, rank): v. 
First. Phr.: t say what comes &, 
on quod in solum ut dicitur, Cic, 
Fam. 9, 26: quod in buccam venit, fu, 


7 


UPPISH 





uppish : siiperbus, arrdgans: v. CON- 
CEITED. 
upright (subs.) : architect. t. t.: tig- 
num statutum: w.s and cross-beams, t. Ss. 
et transversaria, Vitr, 8,6. 
upright (adj.): |. Lit: 1, 
rectus: wu. pillars, r. columnae, Cic. Q. 
Fr. 3,4- Ov.: Quint. 2, érectus: Cic.: 
an wu. carriage, e. incessus, Tac. Hist. 1, 
3. To place (spears) u., erigere (hastas), 
iv.1,27.  (f. Fig.: 1, probus (of 
persons): Plaut.: Ter. : Cic. 9, rec- 
tus : men of u. character, T. ingenia, Plin. 
Ep.4,7. 3, intéger: Cic.: Horses 4: 
bonus: v. Goon, 5, justus: v. JUST. 
Join: justus et bonus, Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41. 
6. honestus: v. HONOURABLE. 7, 
incorruptus: an wu, decision, i. judicium, 
Liv. 4, 6. 8, inndcens, ntis: an wu. 
and hard-working man, vir i. et indus- 
Cic.: Sall.: Plin. 
], Lit.: recte: Plin. 
ll. Fig.: 1, recte: Vv. RIGHTLY. 
Q, integre: Cic.; v. HONESTLY. 3, 
incorrupte: Cic. i 
uvrightness: _1. prdbitas: Cic. 
de Or. 1, 26, fin. 9, innocentia: Cic. 
Manil. 1, 36: Caes. 3, integritas: 
vV. INTEGRITY, INNOCENCE, 4, hones- 
tas: V. NOBLENESS. 
uproar: clamor, timultus, turbae: 
V. NOISE, TUMULT, DISTURBANCE. 
uproot: évello, radicitus tollo, radi- 
citus effodio, radicitus extraho, radicitus 
excutio, funditus evello, funditus tollo : 
v. TO ERADICATE, TO EXTIRPATE. 
upset: 1. éverto, ti, sum, 3: the 
maxims thoroughly wu. friendships, prae- 
cepia funditus e. amicitias, Cic. Fin. 2, 
25, 80. 2, subverto, 3: to w. the table, 
s. mensam, Suet. Ner. 47. 3, inverto, 
3: to wu. wine flusks, i. vinaria, Hor. Sat. 
2, 8,39. 4, sterno: v.THROw [DOWN], 
OVERTHROW, SUBVERT, OVERTURN. 
upshot: eXitus, eventus: vy. ISSUE, 
RESULT, EVENT. 
uvside; Phr.: to turn u. down, ima 
summis miscere, summa imis confun- 
dere, omnia turbare et miscere, coe- 
lum et terras miscere, immiuto, sursum 
deorsum versare, quod sursum est deor- 
sum facere: v. TO TURN UPSIDE DOWN, 
TOPSY-TURVY. 
upstart: 1, homo novus: Cic. 
Join: homo ignotus et novus, Cic. Rep. 
I, I. 9. terrae filius: cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 
1, extr. 
upwards: |. Qfdirection: 1, 
sursum: Plaut.: Cat. 9. sursum 
versus: Cic. 3, sublimé: to be borne 
u., 8. ferri, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40: Liv.: v. 
ALOFT. Phr.: a face turned wu., sub- 
lime os, Ov. Met. 1, 85. The palms 
turned u., Manus supinae, Virg. Aen. 
3,170. Turned wu. (of snouts, horns): 
résimus, Col.: Ov.: Plin.: répandus. 
Sloping u., acclivis or us: Caes.: Cic.; 
Ov. Il. Gf number : amplius, plus ; 
Vv. ABOVE, MORE. 


urbanity; urbanitas, comitas: v. 


POLITENESS, 

urchin: |, A hedge-hog : Grina- 
ceus: Plin. 8, 37, 56. |]. 4 boy Gina 
diminutive sense): 1, pueériilus : 
Cic. 2. pupiilus: Cat. 56, 5. 3. 
pupus: Varr. 4, piisio, Onis, m.: 
Cic.: Juv. 5, frustrum pueri (a@ bit 


of a boy)s Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 67. 
urge: |. Zo press upon in a hostile 
manner ¢ 1, insto, stiti, 1: they were 
u.ing the foe more vehemently, hostes i. 
instabant, Caes. B. C. 3,45. 2, urgeo, 
ursi, 2: Cic.: Sall. Join: insto et u, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 433: V.TO PRESS UPON, 
|]. Vo drive, hasten, impel: 1, 
argeo: tow. the cavalry against the town, 
equites in oppidum u., Auct. B. Afr. 92. 
2. impello, puli, pulsum, 3: to w. 
forward a ship, i. navem, Virg. Aen. 5, 
r1g. Also fig. : he u.d the men to dis- 
honesty, in fraudem homines i., Cic. Pis. 


1, urgeo: Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 

I 2. suadeo, 2, hortor, 1: to wu. the 

necessity of peace, pacem s., Cic. Fam. 

}, 35; pacemh., id. Att.7,17, fin. I |V. 

To advise strongly, entreat or bid ear- 

nestly : tou. any one to...., Summe con- 
908 


USE 








tendo ab aliquo ut...., or de with ger- 
undive; Cic.: acerrime suadeo cui ut... 
or ne...: Vell.: v. SOLICIT, ENTREAT, 
press. Phr.: to wu. the plea of bad 
health, excusare valetudinem, Liv. 6, 
22: Cic.: Suet.: Tac.: Hor.: to wu. the 
plea (or excuse) of business, negotia cau- 
sari, Tac, Ann. 1, 47, fim.: V. TO PLEAD. 

urge on: stimilo, 1, incito, 1, im- 
pello, 3, instigo, 1: v. TO INCITE, STIMU- 


LATE. Of horses: admitto, 3: v.GALLOe, 
urgent: 1, gravis: v. WEIGHTY, 
IMPORTANT. 2. instans, ntis: wu. 


argument, i. argumentatio, Quint. 11, 3, 
med.: Tac, 3, praesens, ntis: an wu. 
matter, p. res, Liv. 2, 36: u. danger, 
p. periculum, Cic.: v. PRESSING. Phr.: 
most u. prayers, curatissimae preces, 
Tac. Ann. 1, 13: whose need was most u., 
quibus summa necessitudo, Sall. Cat. 17: 
to ply with u. entreaty, multa prece 
prosequi, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 33. 

urgently : 1, véhémenter: Cic. 

Q, acriter: Cic. 8, omni modo: 

Cic. Often with verbs of entreating, 
etc., expr. by joining two Lat. verbs: 
e. g. to entreat u., orare et obsecrare, id. 
Verr. 2, 17, 42: V. EARNESTLY. 

urinal; matella (a chamber-pot) : 
Mart. 12, 32. 

urinary; urinalis: Coel. Aur.: Veg. 

urine : 1, wrina: Cic.: Plin.: 
Cels. 9, lotium: Cat.: Suet. 

urn: 1, urna (any kind of u.): 
Cic. 2. hydria (@ water-pot and 
gen.): Cic.: Inscr. 8, testa: v. JUG, 
por. A cinerary uU., Olla ossuaria, Inscr. 
Orell. 2896. 

usage: mos, consuetiido, Usus: v. 
cusToM. 

use (suhs.): ], tisus, tis: cattle 
were created for the u. of mankind, 
pecudes ad hominum usum procreatae, 
Cic. Leg. 1, 8, 25: the necessary u.s of 
parts of the body, partium corporis ne- 
cessarii u., id. Off. 1, 35, 127: Vv. PUR- 
POSE, EXPERIENCE. 9, utilitas: even 
if there is no u. in friendship, etiamsi 
nulla est u. ex amicitia, id. Fin. 1, 20, 6y: 
have I the right u. of my eyes or not? 
satin’ ego oculis u. obtineo sincere an 
parum? Plaut. Epid. 5,1,28. 3, fruc- 
tus, Us: Plaut.: v. ENJOYMENT. 4, 
commoédum : v. PROFIT, ADVANTAGE, 

5, Ustira: v. USING, ENJOYMENT. 

Miscell. Phr.: To be of u., utilem 
esse (Vv. USEFUL): usui esse, Cic. Rep. 1, 
20, 33: Liv.: ex usu esse, Cues. B. G. 
1, 50: Cic.: Ter.; praebere usum, Hor. 
Sat. 1, 1, 733 praebere (mirabiles) utili- 
tates: Cic. Att. 7, 5; conducere (Vv. TO 
SERVE, PROFIT); prodesse (v. TO BENE- 
FIT); ex re esse (alicui ut.), Plaut. Pseud, 
I, 3, 1033 juvare, adesse (v. ASSIST) ; 
valere (v. EFFICACIOUS); esse utilitati, 
Cic. (Vv. ADVANTAGE, SERVICE); facere 
(with prep., ad, or dat., or abs.), Plin. 
22, 18, 213; ib. 19, 22: Quint. Solitude 
ts of u., solitudo adjuvat, Cic. Att. 12, 
14: Hor, Jt is of u. to plant, juvat 
conserere, Virg. Georg. 2, 37. To be 
of great, much, u., Magno usui esse 
(alicui), Cic. Att. 1, 13 bono usui esse, 
Plaut. Cure. 4, 2,-1§; magnos usus 
afferre, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 152. It is of 
the greatest u. to...., plurimum facit 
(with acc. and inf.), Quint. 6, 4,8. To 
be of no less u., non minorem uitili- 
tatem afferre, Cic. Off. 1, 23,79. For this 
purpose lowness is of great u., quam 
ad rem humilitas multum adjuvat, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 1. To be of no u., inutilem 
esse (V. USELESS); usum nuilum habere, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 2, 1: or expr. by valere 
attinere, prodesse, proficere, with neg. : 
v. (OF NO) AvAIL. To male wu. of: v. 
TO USE, EMPLOY, APPLY. To grow out 
of u., exolesco, evi, etum, 3: Liv.: 
Tac.: Suet. Out of u.: desuetus, Liv. : 
Quint.: Ov. : exoletus : Vv. OBSOLETE, 
DISUSE. Jn common u., usitatus : words 
in common wu., u. vocabula, Cic. Fin. 3, 
2,4. Tocome into u., invalesco, Quint. 
To, 2, 1: in morem venio, Liv. 42, 21: 
V. FASHION, CUSTOMARY. 4 false u. (of 
words), abusio, Auct. Her. 4, 33. 45. 
A making u., usurpatio, Cic. Brut. 71, 
250: Liv. 





USELESSLY 





use (v.): |. To make wu. of, em- 
ploy: 1, itor, tisus, 3: constr. with 
abl.: to u. the eyes, oculis u., Plaut. 
Epist. 1, 1, 4: to u. diligence and zeal, 
alacritate et studio u., Caes. B. G. 4, 24: 
uU. your opportunities, utere tempori- 
bus, Ov. Trist. 4, 3, 83: we can u. the 
name metaphorically, in aliis rebus pos- 
sumus u. vucabulo et nomine, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 40, 161: to u. earnest entreaty, 
prece et obsecratione u., id. Inv. 1, 16, 
228 2. abitor, 3 (to u. thoroughly, 
or u. with a notion of impropriety or 
wrong): we u. the keen scent of hounds 
for our own advantage, sagacitate canum 
ad nostram utilitatem a., Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 
151: he uses all his wickedness and 
treachery for my ruin, omni suo scelere 
et perfidia a. ad meum exitium, id, Att, 
7 ae 3. tsurpo, 1: J will u. an 
old word. to express a new matter, inter 
novam rem verbum usurpabo vetus, 
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 29: to u. a saying of 
Solon’s, ut Solonis dictum usurpem, Cic. 
Ep. ad Brut. 15. 4, adhibeo, 2 (¢o 
apply to a purpose): to u. all diligence 
for recovery, a. omnem diligentiam ad 
convalescendum, id. Fam. 16, 9: Caes, 

5, conféro, 3 (with ad): v. APPLY, 

DEVOTE. 6. in usum verto (to make 
anything serve @ purpose for which it 
was not originally designed): v. CON= 
VERT. 7, habeo, 2 (rare in this 
sense): riches u.d with moderation, 
divitiae modeste habitae, Tac. Ann. 4, 
44: Ov. |, Totreat: 1, tracto, 1; 
a father badly wad by his son, pater 
parum pie tractatus a filio, Cic. Coel. 
2, 3: to u. you as you deserve, te, ut 
Merita es de me, tractare, Plaut. Asin. 
I, 3, 8. 2, habeo, 2: v. TREAT. 

— for: 1, adhibeo: v, USE. 

2, consimo: Vv. SPEND (UPON). 

— up: conficio, consumo; v. CON- 
SUME. 

used: wu. to, with verb: sué@tus, as- 
suétus, assuéfactus: v. ACCUSTOMED. I 
am u., soleo. U. up, abusus, Plaut. 
Asin. I, 3, 44. 

useful: 1. iitilis, e (gen. term)- 
aman u. for nothing, homo ad nullam 
rem u., Cic. Off. 3, 6, 29: he mixed the 
u. with the pleasant, miscuit utile duleci, 
Hor. A. P. 343. Q, salitaris, saltbris : 
V. WHOLESOME, BENEFICIAL, Join: 
utilis et s., Cic. N. D. 1, 15. 3. effi- 
cax: Hor.: Plin.: v, EFFICACIOUS. 4, 
commodus, aptus, accommddatus, 1d0- 
neus: Vv. FIT, SERVICEABLE, CONVENIENT, 
SUITABLE. Phr.: to be u., usui esse: 
to be u. to the state, usui esse civitati, 
Cic. Rep. 1, 20, 33: fo be very u., magno 
usui esse, id. Att. 1, 1: no one is more 
u. to you, Magis ex usu tuo nemo est, 
Ter. Eun. 5, 9,47: proficere, Cic,: Liv. : 
v. [ro BE oF] UsE: I will make you 
see how wu. I can be, utilitatem ego faciam 
ut cognoscas meam, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 17: 
to keep what is u. in war and honour- 
able in peace, utilitatem belli et pacis 
dignitatem retinere, Cic, Manil. 6, 14. 
Very u. works, perutilia opera, Cic. Att. 


9, 17, /in. 

usefully : ], ‘ttiliter’ iCici: 
Quint.: Hor.: Ov. 2. comméde, 
apte: v. FITLY. To employ u.: recte 
uti: Cie. 

usefulness : 1, Utilitas: Cic. : 
Hor. 2. asus, tis: on account of his 


u, to me, propter meum usum (ejus), 
Cic. Att. 7, 5: V. USE, UTILITY. ‘ 
commdoditas : v. FITNESS, BENEFIT. 
useless: j, initilis, e: Caes.: 
Cic.: Hor. 2, cassus (empty): u. toils, 
c. labores, Plin. Ep. 8, 23: u. prayers, Cc. 
vota, Virg. Aen. 12, 780. 8. inanis, 
vanus: Vv. VAIN, EMPTY. 4. irritus 
(ineffectual): a u. undertaking, i. in- 
ceptum, Liv. 29, 35. 5, incommddus, 
inhabilis: v. UNFIT. Zo be w.: nihil 
valere, nihil proficere, usum nullum 
habere: v. TO usE. A uw. fellow, homo 
ad nullam rem utilis, Cic. Off. 3, 6, 29. 
U. may be expr. by circuml. with adv, 
frustra, incassum. Zo make u.: frus- 
trari: Col.: v, FRUSTRATE. i 
uselessly : 1, frustra: Cie. : 
Plaut. 2, neéquicquam or nequid-. 


Oe oe 


USELESSNESS 





quam: Caes,: Cic.: Virg. 3. incas- 
sum: Plaut.: Liv.: Tac. 4, initi- 
liter (only after non): Liv. 3, §1° Quint. 
5, futile: Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 73. 
6. inaniter: Cic.: Hor.: Ov.: v. 
VAINLY, WORTHLESSLY. 
uselessness: 1, iniitilitas: gold 
lie neglected on account of its u., 
aurum jacebat propter i., Lucr. 5, 1274. 
Q, fitilitas (rare). Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 


470. 3, inanitas (rare): v. EMPTI- 
NESS, 
usher? 1. Of a court: *qui 


officio admissionis fungitur: cf. Suet. 
Vesp. 14° or, magister admissionum, 
Amm.: V. CHAMBERLAIN, Or expr. by 
verb introduco: cf, Curt. 6,7. Admis- 
sionalis, introductor, are late. I]. An 
assistant master : 1, adjitor: Quint. 
nes 2, hypddidascilus Cic. Fam. 
9,18. 3, subdoctor: Aus. To teach 
any one as an u., subdocere aliquem, 
Cic. Att. 8, 4. (N.B.—Ostiarius (a 
) from whom w. is derived must 
not be used in this sense.] 
usherin: [. Lit: 1], intro- 
diico, xi, ctum, 3 (with prep. ad): to u. 
in to the king, i. ad regem, Curt. 6, 7. 
2. deduco in conspectum alicujus: 
Caes. B.C. 1, 22. l]. Fig.: inféro: 
V. BRING ON, INTRODUCE. 
usual: 1, iisitatus: fo transgress 
tn the u. way, u. more peccare, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 3,9: it is wu. u. est, ib. 5, 44, 
117. 9, sdlitus: a wu. custom, s. mos, 
Ov. Her. 21, 127: more than uw., plus 
solito, ib 15, 47: Liv.: uw. honours, s. 
honores, Tac.Ann. 3,5. §, consuétus: 
he restrained his passions from their wu. 
excess, animum a consueta lubidine con- 
tinuit, Sall. Jug. 15, extr.: poet. 4. 
assuéius: farther than wu., longius as- 
sueto, Ov. Her. 6, 72. 5, tritus (of 
language): Cic. Join: t. et celebra- 
tum, id. Flacc. 24, 65. 6, sollennis, e 
(made customary by regular repetition) : 
Hor... Suet.: subs.: let us keep to our u. 
custom, nostrum illud s. servemus, Cic. 
Att. 7, 6. 7, vulgaris, €: v. COMMON. 
8 qudtidianus (of daily occurrence) : 
u. shapes, q. formae, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 6: 
Cie. 9, comminis, e: Quint. 9, 26: v. 
common. Usual is often to be rendered 
by verb sdleo or suesco, or subs. consue- 
tudo: e. g. which are the u. indications 
of poison, quae indicia et vestigia esse 
solent veneni, Cic. Clu. to, 30: as is u. 
tn such cases, quod in tali re fieri solet, 
Sall. Jug. 15, extr.: as is wu., ut assolet, 
Liv. 37, 14: Cic.: ut solet, id. Clu. 59, 
161: as is u. in regularly established 
sacred rites, sicuti in sollennibus sacris 
fieri consuevit, Sall. Cat. 22: as was u. 
with him (according to his custom), 
consuetudine sua, Caes. B. G. 2, 19: ex 
consuetudine sua, Caes. B. G. 1, 52: ac- 
cording to my u. practice, pro mea con- 
suetudine, Cic. Arch. 12, fin.: asis u., ut 
est consuetudo, Cic. Caecin. 8, 23: they 
reported that there seemed to be more dust 
than u., renuntiaverunt majorem pul- 
verem quam consuetudo ferret videri, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 32. In prose, than wu. 
should gen. be expr. by quam soleo: v. 
ORDINARY, CUSTOMARY, GENERAL: tn the 
u. way, usitate, Cic. Fin. 4, 26, 72: 
sollenniter, Plin. 8, 1, f: very u., pervul- 
gatus, Cic. Fam, 5, 16. [N.B.—Usualis 
is late.] 
usually: 1, fére: he u. stays in 
the country, ruri fere se continet, Ter. 
Phorm. 2, 3, 16: as u. happens, ut f. fit, 
Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: this ts u. the case, 
hoc sic fieri solet, id. Manil. 9, 24. 
Join: f. plerumque, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 
39. 2, plérumque: v. mMosrLy. ‘ 
vulgo: Quint. 19, 2, 8: V. GENERALLY. 
Often to be rendered by circuml. with 
verb soleo, suesco, etc.: e.g. as u. hap- 
pens, ut-fieri solet, Cic. Verr. 5, 26, 65: 
since truth u. affords evidence of itself, 
quum muita assoleat veritas praebere 
yestigia sui, Liv. 40, 54, jfin.: Vv. com- 
MONLY, GENERALLY, ORDINARILY. 
usucavtion: Legalt.t.: 1, tisi- 
cpio: Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55: v. Dict. Ant. 
1217, seqqg. 2, usus et auctoritas : Cic. 
‘Caccin. 19; 54: usus auctoritas, id. Top. 


UTTER 


VACANCY 





4, 23: to obtain possession by u., usu- 
capere, Plin. Ep. 5, 1: Cic. 

usufruct: usus et fructus, Cic. 
Caecin. 7, tg: usus frnctusque, Sen. Ep. 
73. jin.; and more freq. usust!ructus, 
Cic. Caecin. 4, 11: v. Dict. Aut. 1221, 
seqq.: one who enjoys the u.: v. USU- 
FRUCTUARY. 

usufructuary; tsifructuarius: Ulp. 
Dig. 7, 1, 7- 

usurer : 1, fénérator (one who 
lends on interest): Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150: 
f. acerbissimus, id. Att. 6, I. 9. to- 
ciillio (in very bad sense): Cic. Att. 2, 1, 
extr. Fenerarius is late. To be a u., 
fenerari: v. TO LEND. 

usurious: fénétratorius: Fig.: ava- 
rus et feneratorius; Val. Max. 2, 6, tr. 

usurp: 1, invado, si, sum, 3: 
constr. with i and acc.. or simple ace. : 
to u. the title of Marius, i. in nomen 
Marii, Cic. Phil. 1, 1: to wu. the dictator- 
ship, i. dictaturam, Suet. Caes. 9. 9. 
vindico, 1 (with dat, of refl. pron.): v. 
ASSUME, APPROPRIATE. . assimo, 3: 
Vv, ASSUME, ARROGATE. 4, Usurpo, 1: 
u.ing the citizenship of Rome, civitatem 
Romanam usurpantes, Suet. Claud, 25 : 
Cod. Justin.: Ulp. Phr.: to u, the 
sovereignty, occupare regnum, Cic. Am. 
12, 40: to wu. the government, occupare 
tyrannidem, id. Off. 3, 23, 90. To u. 
forcibly, per vim et usurpationem vin- 
dicare, Cod. Justin. 1, 4. 6. 

usurpation: iisurpatio: Cod. Justin. 

usurper: Usurpator: Amm. Better 
expr. by circuml. with verb.: v. USURP. 

usury: 1, istira (what is paid 
Jor use of money by the debtor): v. IN- 
TEREST. 2. fenéraiio (a lending on 
interest): Cic. Flac, 23, 56. 8. fenus, 
Oris, n. (interest received on money 
lent): to keep increasing your capital 
by u., pecunias fenore auctitare, Tac. 
Ann. 6, 16. To lend money to any one 
at u., pecunias alicui fenori dare, Cic. 
Verr, 270,170. To practise w., fenus 
agitare, Tac. Germ. 26: fenerari (v. To 
LEND): fenus exercere, id. Ann. 6, 16. 

utensils: 1. itensilia, ium, n. pl. 
(things Jor use, gen.): Col. 12, praef. 
§ 3: Liv.; u. vasorum, Plin. 13, 11, 22. 

2. stipellex, lectilis, 7. (things for 

household use): Cic.: Ter.: Hor.: v. 
CHATTELS, FURNITURE. 3, vasa, orum, 
n. (vessels) : Ulp. Dig. 34, 2, 20: kitchen 
u., coquinatoria v., Plin. 33, 11, 49: esp. 
of soldiers’ necessaries: Liv. 21, 47: 
Cic.: Sen. 4, instrimentum : /ouse- 
hold u. and furniture, i. et supellex, 
Cic. Verr. 4. 44, ry : kitchen u,, i. coqui- 
natorium, Ulp. Dig. 34,2, 19. A cham- 
ber u., matella, Mart. 12, 32. 

uterine: iitérinus: wu. brothers, u. 
fratres: Cod. Justin. 5, 61, 21. 

utilitarian ; *qui summum et ulti- 
mum bonum in utilitate ponunt. 

utility: itilitas, comméditas: v. 
USEFULNESS. 

utmost: 1, extrémus: to endure 
the u. hunger, e. famem sustentare, Caes. 
BS Ge ey: 2. summus: the uw. 
baseness, 8. turpitudo, Cic. Am. 17, 61. 

8, ultimus: w. despair, u. despera- 

tio, Tac. Hist. 2, 48. Phr.: i was with 
the u. difficulty that..... nihil aegrius 
factum est multo labore quam ut, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 65, 146. To do one’s u., use 
one’s u. endeavours, omnibus viribus 
contendere ; omni ope atque opere eniti, 
id. Att. 14, 14: summa ope niti, Sall. 
Cat. 1: V. EXTREME, 

utter (adj.): expr. by totus: e. g. i 
| isan uw. falsehood, falsum est id totum, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28: or by superl. of cha- 
racteristic adj.: Vv. ENTIRE, TOTAL. 

utter (v.): 1, émitto, misi, mis- 
sum, 3: tow. acurse, e. maledictum, Cic. 
Plane. 23, ad fin. 9. dico, xi, ctum, 3 
(most gen. term): Vv. SAY. 38. léquor, 
ldciitus, 3, dep. (rare in this sense): to 
u. absurdities, |. deliramenta, Plaut. Am. 
2, 2, 64. 4, liquor (to express fully 
(hence rhetorically) what is conceived in 
the mind) : not to be able to u. his senti- 
ments, id quod sentit non e. posse, Cic. 
Tuse. 1, 3, 6. 5, proloquor (to give 
utterance to what is secret): to u. one’s 








thoughts, p. cogitata, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 
53. 6. énuntio, 1 (to communicate 
the substance of a thought without ve- 
Serence to the form) : to u. one's opinions 
in brief, sententias breviter e., Cic. Fin. 
2, 7, 20. 7. pronuntio, 1 (to deliver so 
as to be heard): to u. many verses in 
one breath, multos versus uno spiritu p. 
id. de Or. t, 61, fin. 


8. efféro, extili, 
élatum, 3, irr.: if weighty sentiments 
are u.'d in confused lerms, si graves sen- 
tentiae inconditis verbis e., id. Or. 44, 
150: Ter.: Quint. 9, effor, 1, dep.: 
to u. what should be kept secret, e. ce- 
landa, Liv. 5, 15, fin.: Virg.: Hor.: 
Suet. 10, fundo, fidi fisum, 3: & 
u. meaningless sounds, \nanes f. sonos, 
Cic. Tusc, 5, 26, 73: Plaut.: Virg.: 
Hor.: Ov, ll. édo, didi, ditum, 3: 
to u. words, e, verba, Ov. Met. 8, 754: 
to u. @ hoarse murmur, e&. raucum 
murmur, ib, 14, 280. 12. proféro (to 
pronounce): to u. the last syllables, p. 
extremas syllabas, Quint. 4, 3, 33. 
hr.: to be unable to u.a word, non 
posse loqui, Ov. Met. 14, 280: who have 
never u.’d a word in public, qui verbum 
nunquam in pub ico fecerunt, Cic. Brut. 
718, 270: he did not u. a word, verbum 
nullum fecit, Plaut, Bac. 4, 9, 58: mind 
not to u. @ word about the marriage, 
verbum unum de nuptiis cave, Ter, 
And. I, 5, 65: if you u. another word, 
verbum si addideris, ib. 5, 2, 1g: he 
dared not u. a word about Caesar, ne 
verbum quidem ausus est facere de 
Caesare, Cic. Att. 3, 20: V. EXPRESS. 
utterance: 1, dictum: v. sar- 
ING. Q. effatum, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20. 
3. explanatio (distinct u.): Quint. 
II, 3, 33: utthout teeth there is no possi- 
bility of distinct u., (dentes) quum 
desunt explanationem omnem adimunt, 
Plin. 7, 16, 18, § 70. 4. pronun- 
tiatio. Vv. PRONUNTIATION. 5, ex- 
podsitio: an wu. of one’s own opinion, e. 
sententiae suse, Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 203. 
Phr.: to give u. to one's feelings, expri- 
mere dicendo sensa, ib. 1, 8, 32: sense 
mentis et consilia verbis explicare, ib. 3, 
14, 55: to give u. to one’s thoughts, (Vv. 
TO UTTER) also V. EXPRESSION, 
utterly ; funditus. omnino, pénitus: 
V. THOROUGHLY, WHOLLY, TOTALLY, EN- 
TIRELY. Phr.: not u. mad, non ad 
ultimum demens, Liv. 28, 28: an u. 
worthless fellow, nebulo, Hor.: vappa 
ac nebulo, id. S. 1, , 104. 

uttermost: extrémus, ultimus: vy, 
UTMOST. 

uxorious: 1. uxdrius: Virg. Aen. 
4, 266. 2, amans uxoris maxime: 
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 7 


V. 


'ACANCY: |. Emptiness, empty 
space : 1, inantias: fo move 
through vacancy, per inanitatem ferrl, 
Cic. Fat. 9, 18: cf. inanitate intestina 
murmurant, Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 8. rN 
Viacultas (very rare): the v. (empty 
spaces) between the veins (of minerals), 


interveniorum vacuitates, Vitr. 2, 7, ad 
med. 3, Iniine (adj. used as subs. 
the most common expression): tm the 
infinite v., in infinito inani, Cic. Fin, 
1, 6, 17: nullum inane, ib. 1, 6, 21 

id. N. D. 1, 23, 65, ad fin. 4, vacuum 
(adj. used as subs.): the publicani burst 
in through the v., publicani per vacuum 
irruperunt, Liv. 25, 3, ad jin. Join: 
vacuum with inane: vacuum quod 
inane vocamus, Lucr. 1, 439. Il. On- 
employed time, intermission of work: 
dtium : V. LEISURE, IDLENESS. Wl. oF 
a post, office: 1, vicultas (very rare): 
you know what emulation ts excited by 
the v. in the office of consul, quan- 
tam cupiditatem tbominibus injiciat va- 
cuitas te non fugit, Brut. ad Cie. Fam. 
Ty; 10; 2 9, lOcus vicuus (vacuus 
with subs.)- hoping for the v. mm the 
kingdom, vacuam possessionem regni 
sperans, Caes, B. C. 3, 112, 9, extr. 
Phr.; there is a v., locus vacat, Pin 


geo 


VACANT 


VAIN 


VALETUDINARIAN 





Ep. to, 9 (al. 9): ib. 8 (al. 15): ef. no school 
of philosophy would be unrepresented, 
nullius philosophiae vacaret locus, Cic. 
N. D. 1, 4, 16: the son filled the v. 
caused by his father’s death, filius patri 
suffectus, Tac. A. 4,16: cf. suffectus in 
Lucretii locum, Liv. 2, 8: ne consul 
sufficiatur, Cic. Mur. 39,82. A choosing 
of new judices to fill up v.s, subsortitio, 
Cic. Verr. 1, 61,157, init. To choose a 
judex to jill a »., subsortiri judicem, id. 
Clu. 35,96. Phr.: when he had been 
chosen (as judex) to fill a v., quum ex 
subsortitione sedisset, ib. 37, 103: v. 
SUBSTITUTE. 
vacant: |]. Of space: -], vacuus 
(of space which has been filled or is in- 
tended to be filled) : Cic. 9. inanis, e 
(empty): v. EMPTY. To be v., vaco, 1: 
the whole wpper part of the house is v., 
tota domus superior vacat, Cic. Att. 12, 
10. I]. Gf an office: vacuus: he con- 
ferred the v. priests’ offices on others, 
sacerdotia v. contulit in alios, Tac. A. 12, 
40. Phr.: a post is v., locus vacat: v. 
vacancy. ||], Legal term, of property 
without a master: vacuus: Cic. de Or. 3, 
31,122. Tobe v. vaco, 1: Paul.: Ulp. 
IV. Onoccupied, idle: vacuus: quo- 
niam v. sumus, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 13: v. 
LEISURE. (Phr.: at leisure.) V. 
Void of thought or knowledge: perh. 
mentis sive consilii vacuus: v. THOUGHT- 


LESS, STUPID, 
vacate: . To make or leave 
empty: 1, vacuéfacio, féci, factum, 3: 


qnuum domum novis nuptiis vacuefe- 
cisses, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 14: you v.d a seat 
Jor me at swpper, mibi in coena vacue- 
fecisti locum, Macr. Sat. 1, 2, 10: the 
benches are v d, subsellia vacuefacta sunt 
(al. vacua facta), Cic.Cat.1, 7,16. 2, 
perh. vacuum pratbeo, 2 (e.g. locum 
alicui): vacuum facio, féci, factum, 3. 
Il. Of an office: perh. éjtiro, 1: to 
v. &@ magistracy, ejurare magistratum, 
Tac. A. 12, 4: V. RESIGN. Ill. Zo 
annul, make void: convello, déleo, in- 
firmo, etc. : V ANNUL, RESCIND. 
vacation: holidays, intermission of 
work : 1. fériae. 9, dies fériatus. 
For examples and phrases, v. HOLIDAY. 
8. justitium (a cessation from busi- 
ness im the courts of justice, legal v., 
sometimes equivalent to public mowrn- 
ing, Tac. A. 2, 82) : the Senate directed 
a v. to be proclaimed, Senatus j. indici 
jussit, Liv. ro, 21, 2: so ediciur j., id. 
4, 26, fin. : to end the v., al/ow business 
to be resumed, j. remittitur, id. 10, 21, 3 
vaccinate: *vaccinum pus inserere. 
vaccination: *vaccinatio (notclass.), 
Med.: v. VACCINE. 
vaccine: vaccinus (pertaining to 
cows): v. caro, Plin. 28, 12, 50: v. lac, 
id. 25, 8, 53. Vaccine matter: * vacci- 
num pus. The medical term for the 
cow-poz is *variola vaccina, or *vaccina 
simply. 
vacillate: |, Lit.: Toswaytoand 
fro: vacillo, 1 (vaccillo or vacillo, Lucr. 
3,505): V.STAGGER, TOTTER. |, Fig. : 
to waver, fail: vacillo: with one legion, 
and that v.ing in its faith, cum una le- 
gione et ea vacillante, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: 
yepovTikwTepov est memoriola Vv. (i.e. to 
fail), id. Att. 12, 1,2. Phr.: will ye v. 
between your new and vld allegiance ? 
inter recens et vetus sacramentum erra- 
bitis? Tac. H. 4, 58, ad fin. 
vacillating: ambiguus: a. fides, 
Liv. 6, 2, ad init.: V. DOUBTFUL, HESI- 
TATING, WAVERING: V. also preced. art. 
vacillation: J. Lit.: swaying 
to and fro: vacillatio: Quint. 11, 3, 
128: Suet. Claud. 21, ad fin. Il. 
Fig.: sometimes diibitatio: v. WAVER- 
ING, HESITATION. May be expr. by adj.: 
the v. of the legion, legio vacillans: Cic. 
Phil. 3, 12, 31. 
vacuity : 
EMPTINESS. 
vacuous: Vacuus: v. VACANT, EMPTY, 
vacuum: inane: v. VACANCY. 
vade-mecum: enchiridion (éyxeu- 
pdiov), (a manual): Pomp. Dig. 1, 2, 2. 
vagabond (subs.): 1. erro, 6nis: 
ib, 2, 6,6: a runaway and v., fugi- 
gio 


vaculitas: v. VACANCY, 





tivus et erro, Hor. S. 2, 4, 113. 2, 
grassator (a street robber): Cic. Fat. 15, 
34: Suet. Aug. init. 3, subrostrani, 
pl. (loiterers) : Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4. 
To be a v., vagor, 1: you who lead a v. 
life, quae circum vicinos vagas (i. e. 
vagaris), Plaut. Mil. 2, 5,14: if any jar 
has escaped that v. Spartacus, Spartacum 
si qua potuit vagantem fallere testa, 
Hor. Od. 3, 14, 19: Vv. WANDERER. 4. 
scélestus (rascal): Vv. RASCAL. 
vagabond (adj.): 1. vagus: while 
he led a@ v. and banished life, quum 
vagus et exsul erraret, Cic. Clu. 62, 
175¢ 2. vagabundus (late): Aug. 
Phr.:; av. quack, pharmacopola circum- 
foraneus, Cic. Clu. 14, 40: v. WANDERING 3 
and preced. art. 
vagary: 1, libido (libido), inis, 7. 
(caprice, whim): ad libidinem suam 
vexare fortunas, Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 141: 
Liv. 25, 21, ad med.: Vv. CAPRICE. On 
déliciae ( piece of affectation) . lo, another 
v. on the part of the equites, ecce aliae d. 
equitum, Cic. Att. 1,17,9. 3, ineptiae 
(absurdity): why indulge in these v.s? 
quid ad istas ineptias abis? id. Rose. Am. 
16,47. 4, nugae (trifling, nonsense): 
this is an absurd v., Maximas nugas 
agis, Plaut. Asin. 1, 1, 77. 
vagina (botan.): @ sheath, husk: 
vagina; Plin.: Varr. 
vagrancy: vagatio (late): App. 
Better expr. by adj. vagus, and verb. 
vagrant (swbs.): erro t Vv. VAGA- 
vagrant (adj.): vagus BOND. 
vague: 1, vagus: to have no v. 
and doubtful opinion, habere non erran- 
tem et v. opinionem, Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 2: 
giving very v. reasons for his absence, 
redditis caussis absentixe admodum v., 
Tac. A.6,15. Q, incertus (not fixed) : 
@ very v. hope, spes incertissima, Cic. 
Sest. 22, 50. 3, dibius (uncertain, 
undetermined): v, things, quae d. sunt, 
opp. certa atque concessa, Cic. Div. 2, 51, 
106. v. words, d. verba, opp. aperta, 
Quint. 4, 2, 48: d. jus, opp certum, ib. 
12,3,6. 4, anceps, cipitis (hich may 
turn out in one of two ways, doubtful) : 
a uv, oracle, a. oraculum, Liv. 9, 3, ad med. 
5, ambiguus (capable of two inter- 
pretations): v. words, verba a., Cic. Or. 
29, 102: a. scriptum, id. Top. 25, 96: a. 
oracula, id. Div. 2, 56,115. 6, caecus: 
@ v. surmise, c. suspicio, id. Fam. 6, 7, 4. 
7. obscirus (indistinct): Heraclitus 
ts very v., valde Heraclitus 0. (Gr. 0 cKo- 
tewvos), id. Div. 2, 64, 133: 0. poeta, ib. 
132: o. res, Lucr. 1, 932. 8, invo- 
lutus (intricate): res i., Cic. Or. 29, 102. 
Join: obscurus and caecus, obscurus 
and ignotus, obscurus and suspensus, 
flexiloquus and obscurus, id. Div. 2, 56, 
115 (q. v. for. dif. between obscurus 
and ambiguus). Phr.: he gave v. ex- 
planations, nullas probabiles caussas af- 
ferebat, Tac. A. 6, 14: I begin to have 
some v. recollection, in memoriam re- 
gredior quasi per nebulam, Plaut. Capt. 
5, 4, 25: v. suspicions, suspiciones im- 
becillae, Tac. A. 2, 76. 
vaguely: 1, incerté. 2. ob- 
secure. Phr.: expr. with adj.: he could 
not prevent his answering v., non per- 
vicit quin suspensa et quo ducerentur 
inclinatura responderet, Tac. A. 11, 34: 
we know v., per nebulam scimus, Plaut. 
Pseud. 1, 5, 48: v. preced. art. 
vagueness: oObsciritas: Pythagoras’ 
v., 0. Pythagorae, Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 16, fin. 
vain: |. Without substance: 1, 
vanus: blood would not return to the v. 
shade, non vy. redeat sanguis imagini, 
Hor. Od. 1, 24, 15. Q. inanis,e: why 
trample on a v. shadow ? quid i. proteris 
umbram? Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 25: i. imago, 
ib. Fast. 5, 463. I]. Fig.: without 
substance, worthless, empty : 1, vanus 
(not to be depended on, false): the.) be- 
lieved a v. speech, orationi v. crediderunt, 
Cic. Rose. Am. 40, 117: id. Quint. 6, 26: 
the v. soul of the dictator, v. ingeninm 
dictatoris, Liv. 1, 27, init. Q. inanis, e 
(unmeaning, worthless, the most com- 
mon word); the ears themselves judge 
what is v. and what solid. aures ipsae 
quid plenum quid i. sit judicant, Cic. 


| Brut. 8, 34: to utter v. sownds, voces i, 


fundere, id. Tusc. 3, 18, 42: 1. voce 
sonare, id. Fin. 2, 15, 48° v. strugglesi 
© i. nostras contentiones! id. de Or. 3, 
2,7: v. hopes, spes i., Virg. Aen. 10, 629: 
v. reports, inania famae, Tac, A. 2, 76. 
3, fitilis, e (not to be depended on): 
a v. slave, f. servus, Ter, And. 3, 5, 3: 
v. soothsayers, f. haruspices, Cic. Div. 1, 
19, 36: v. and fictitious opinions, f. com- 
menticiaeque sententiae, id. N, D. 1, 8, 18, 
4, lévis, e (trivial): av. report, |. au- 
ditio, Caes. B. G. 4, 42: 1. spes, Hor. Ep. 
1,5,8. Join: 1. and inanis: Cic. Plane, 
26, 63: 1, vanus, and futilis: id. Fin. 3, 
11, 38. §, cadticus (frail, perishable) : 
Cic. Rep. 6, (4), 17: v. hopes, c. spes, 
Ov. M. 9, 596: v. time, futile et c. tempus, 
Plin. Ep. 3,7,14. 6, fragills,e (perish- 
able): Cic. Rep. 2, 28, §1, fin. Join: 
f. and caducus, id. Am. 29, 102. 7; 
fluxus (fleeting): id. Att. 4, 2, 1. 
Join: f. and instabilis, Tac. A. 13, 19, 
init.: f. and fragilis, Sall. C. 1: f. and 
mobilis, id. J. 104. 8. vacuus: »v, 
names, v. nomina, Tac. H. 1, 30, med 
Ill. Useless, without effect: ie 
vanus (uncommon). the javelins fall in 
v., pila v. cadunt, Liv. 7, 23, ad fin.: 
to make v. promises, v. polliceri, Cic. 
Planc. 42,101. —Q, irritus: a v.altempt, 
i. inceptum, Liv. 29, 35, ad fin.: av. 
remedy, i. remedium, Tac.H. 4,81. 3, 
cassus: v. toils, c. labores, Plin. Ep. 8, 
23, med.: Cic. Tusc, 5, 41, 119: V. USE- 
LESS, GROUNDLESS. lV, Attached to 
v. things, foolish: 1, perh. vanus 
(emptily vaunting): Virg. Aen. 11, 915 
such was the pleasure of v. Otho, sic 
libitum v. Othoni, Juv. 3, 159. ON 
inanis, e: there is nothing v. about me, 
nihil est in me i, Cic. Ep. Brut. 1, 3, 2° 
the v. man, homo i., Sall. J. 64, jin. 
3. perh. vacuus: glory exalting her 
v, head, tollens vy. gloria verticem, Hor. 
Od. 1, 18, 15. V. Ostentatious: glo- 
rl0sus : V. OSTENTATIOUS. 
vainglorious: 1, gloridsus: v. 
philosophy, g. philosophia, Cic. de Or. 1, 
43, 193: Plin. 2. vanildquus: Liv. 
35, 48, init. To be v., glorior, 1: Vv. 
TO BOAST. 
vaingloriously: gloridse: Cic. de 
Or. 2, 8, 31. 
vainglory: 1, gloria such is 
your v., quae tua g. est, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 
2: Hor. Od. 1, 18, 15. 2. ostentatie 
(parade) : inanis o., Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43: 
id. de Or. 2, 8, 3. Join: ostentatio et 
gloria, id. Rab. Post. 14, 38; gloriosa o., 
id. Flacc. 22, 52. 
vainly: |. /m vain, to no purpose: 
1, frustra (without effect, sometimes 
without cause): to labour in v., f. la- 
borem sumere, Caes. B. G. 3,14, 1: that 
attempt was v. made, f. id inceptum fuit, 
Liv. 2, 25, intt.: v. and groundlessly, 
f. ac sine causa, Cic. Div. 2, 60, 125. 
2. néquicquam (nequidquam and 
nequiquam), (¢o no purpose): id. Quint 
25, 79: Virg. Aeug 219. 3, incassum 
(in cassum : cassé, Liv. 24, 26,6: caseum, 
Sen.) to hurl their javelins v., i. jactare 
tela, Liv. 10, 29, 1. [Frustra refers to 
the person disappointed, nequicquam to 
the failure of result, incassum implies a 
want of consideration by which failure 
might have been foreseen. Déderl.] 
Phr.: to labour in v., oleum et operam 
perdere, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 122: Cic. Att. 
Hy Gh 3b Il. Zdly, foolishly, without 
reason: Ynaniter; the mind exults v., 
i. animus exsultat, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13: 
id. Ac. 2, 15, 47. Ill. Cstentatiously, 
perh. gloridse: OSTENTATIOUSLY ¢ 
BOASTFULLY. 
valance: perh. vestis may be used: 
V. DRAPERY, TAPESTRY. 
vale; vallis: v. VALLEY, 
valerian (@ plant): *valériana: 
inn, 
valet: cuibiciilarius (a v. de chambre). 
Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5: id. Verr. 3, 4, 8. 
valetudinarian (subs.): valétiidi- 
narius: Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 6, fin. Phr. 
a v., qui infirma atque etiam aegra est 
valetudine, Cic. Brut. 48, 180, extr.: he 
was a v., valetuditie minus commoda 


Vv. 


VALETUDINARIAN 





utebatur, Caes. B. C. 3, 62, extr.: v. 
SICKLY, WEAK. 

valetudinarian (adj.): valetidi- 
narius Varr. 

valetudinarianism: perh. gravitas 
valetudinis Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1: ¥. SICK- 
WESS, WBAKNESS. 

valiant; fortis: v. BRAVE. 

valiantly ; fortiter: v. BRAVELY. 


valid; |. Strong: valfdus: v 
STRONG. Il. Pig.: sound, capable of 
being supported 1, firmus. v. argu- 


menis, argumenta f. ad probandum, Cic. 
Brut. 78, 272: a@ most weighty and v. 
argument, argumentum gravissimum et 
firmissimum, id. Rose. Com. 12, 37. 2. 
Justus (sufficient): a v. excuse, satis j 
excusatio, id. Pis. 15, 36. 3. certus 
(to be trusted): very v. proofs, certis- 
sima argumenta, id. Cat. 3, 5, 13. 4, 
légitimus (allowed by law): a v. excuse, 
excusatio |., id. Phil 5, 5, 14. I. OF 
a law or principle, of egal efficacy, in 
force: 1, ratus (established): things 
which cannot be v., quae r. esse non 
possunt, Cic. Phil. 5,7, 21 - r. tribunatus, 
opp. irritus, id. Prov. Cons. 19, 45: v. 
wills, testamenta r., opp. rupta, id. de 
Or. 1, 38, 173. 9, stabilis, e: a v. 
right of possession, s. et certa possessio, 
id. Am. 15,55. Join: s., fixus, ratus, 
id. Ac. 2, 9, 27: jussus, ratus, firmus, 
id. Caec. 33,96. Vo be v.: 1, valeo, 
2: the announcement of an adverse 
omen was not v., nihil v. obnunciatio, 
id. Div. 1, 16, 30: your excuses are v. in 
my eyes, Vv. apud me excusationes tuae, 
id. Sull. 16, 47. 2. ratus sum: 
tt will be v. in my eyes, 1 shall ap- 
prove, r. mihi erunt, id. Fam. 7, 23, 1. 
3, perh. vigeo, 2 (to flourish) : whose 
authority Ihear is still v., quem maxime 
vigere audio, id. de Or. 3, 28, 110. To 
establish as v., probo, 1: to show that 
one’s case is v., causam p., id. Balb. 21, 
49. To vegard as v., ratum habeo, opp. 
rescindo, id. Part. Or. 36, 125: r. duco, 
Liv. 27, 17, fin.« r. efficio, id. 1, 6, 2: 
Vv. TO APPROVE, CONFIRM, RATIFY. 
validity: |. Soundness, of argu- 
ments, etc. : 1, perh. auctoritas (vm- 
portance): Cic. Leg. 2 7, 18: id. Flace. 
4,9. Q. perh. gravitas (weight): id. 
de Or. 2, 17, 72, fin. Both auctoritas 
and gravitas are rather used of persons 
in the sense of influence. 8, pondus 
(importance): id. Fam. 13,25. Join: 
p. and vis, id. de Or. 2, 74, 302: maximi 
momenti et p., id. Vatin. 4, 9, fin.: vis, 
p., auctoritas, id. Flacc. 4, 9. I}. OF 
a law, ete.: perh. auctoritas. Phr.:; 
questions of the v. of wills, testamen- 
torum ruptorum aut ratorum jura, id. 
de Or. 1, 38, 173. he destroys the v. of 
all laws, leges et jura labefactat, id. 
Caec. 25, 70: shall he maintain the v. 
of his case before you? isne apud vos 
obtinebit caussam ? ib. 14, 38. v. preced. 
art. (I/I.). 
valise: 1, vidiilus: Plaut. Prud. 
4, 3, 60. 2. mantica (a wallet): 
Hor. S. 1, 6, 1064 v. BOX, WALLET. 
valley: 1. vallis (valles); Caes, 
B. G. 7, 47, init. 2, convallis (a v. 
inclosed on all sides): Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 
ies 3, Tempe (@ vale in ‘Thessaly, 
ence used poet. for a v.), pl. n. indecl. : 
Virg. G. 2, 469 Ov. Fast.4,477. 4. 
sometimes angustiae (a de/ile): Liv. 28, 
1. 5, fauces, pl. (a narrow pass): id. 
29, 32: joined with angustiae, Cic. Agr. 
2, 32, 87 V. DEFILE, PASS. 
valour: Virtus: Vv. COURAGE, BRAVERY. 
valorous: fortis v. BRAVE. 
valuable (subs.): perh. res prétidsa: 
v. VALUE. 
valuable (adj.): |. Possessing 
value: prétidsus: a v. horse, p. equus, 
Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: most v. things, res 
pretiosissimae, opp. vilissimae, ib. Fin. 


2, 28, 9I. I], Fig.: magni prétii: v. 
VALUB. 
valuation: |. Lit: aestimatio: 


Gic. Att. 4 2,5: the power of making a 
v. ws intrusted to the censor, potestas a. 
habendae censori permittitur, id. Verr. 
2,53, 131. at a fair v., aequa facta a., 
Caes. B. C. 1, 87: he took an estate at a 


Jair v., praedia in a. accepit, Cic. Fam. 


45: Plaut. Mil. 3,1, 131. 





VALUE 


13, 8, 2 
Fin. 3, 10, 34 
value (subs.): . Price, worth: 
1, prétium: fo settle the v., p. con- 
stituere, Cic. Att. 12, 33, 1: p. pacisci, 
id. Off. 3, 29, 107: what is the v. of pigs 
here? et hic p. porci venrunt? 
Plaut. Men. 2, 2,15 the v. of estates is 
low, jacent p. praediorum, Cic. Rose. 
Com. 12, 33: @ field of greater v., ager 
majoris pretii, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12. 2 
has v., p. habet, Cic. Verr. 3, 98, 227 to 
be of v., in p. esse, Plin. 33, 1, 6. H 
aestimatio (v as fixed by another, valua- 
tion): Vv. VALUATION. 8. dignitas: 
Plaut. Bac. 1, 2, 23: Plin. Phr.: pro- 
vided you do not sell it for less v. than 
T paid, dum ne minoris vendas quam 
ego emi, Plaut. Mere. 2, 3, 88: Cic. 
Off. 3, 12, 51: v. Lat. Gram. § 281, 
§ 316. ||. Fig.: 1, prétium (rare): 
to estimate the v. of their services, operae 
p. facere, Liv. 27, 17, ad fin. 2, dig- 
nitas: a house of great v., plena d. do- 
mus, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138. 3, laus: 
Coan jars are of most v., Cois amploris 
maxima |. est, Plin. 35, 12, 46. 4. 
honor (hdnos): we hold natural science 


Ij, Fig.: aestimatio: id. 


in the same v., physicae idem tributus 


est h., Cic. Fin. 3, 22,73. 6, virtus: 
the v. of a tree, arboris v., id. Leg. 1, 16, 
6. vis: the 
whole v. of friendship, omnis v. amicitiae, 
Cic. Am. 4,15. Phr.: a@ man of no v., 
homo non nauci, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 61: 
he is of no v., nibili est, ib. Pseud. 4, 7, 
2:.to be held of no v. by his friends, 
suis sordere, Liv. 4, 25: v. foll. art. 
Ill. Zmport of a word, etc.: vis: v. 
FORCE, MEANING. Phr.: we want a 
word of the same v., quaerimus verbum 
quod idem valeat, Cic. Fin. 2,4, 13. 
value (”.): |. To set a price on: 
], aestimo, 1: the consuls v.d the 
buildings of my house at two million 
sesterces, consules a. superficiem aedium 
H. S. vicies, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5. S80 abs., ib. 
4, 1,7: tov. at a very low rate, tenuis- 
sime a., ib. Verr. 4, 16, 35. Q. aesti- 
mationem facio, feci, factum, 3: a. habeo, 
2: Vv. VALUATION. 3, prétium con- 
stituo, ui, itum, 3: p. statuo, ul, itum, 
3: Plaut. Mil. 3,1, 138: v.VALUE. 4, 
plito, 1: to value at 400 denarit, p. 
denariis quadringentis, Cic. Verr. 4, 7, 13. 
Il, Fig.- 1, aestimo, 1: id. Post. 
Red. 6, 15: they v. things by opinion, ex 
opinione a., id. Rose. Com. 10, 29: to v. 
his authority highly, magni a., id. Att. 
1, 15,2. to v. not at all, nihil a (poet.), 
transl. of Epicharmus in id. Tuse. 1, 8, 
15: tov. equally, juxtaa., Sall. C. 2, ad fin. 
(cf. for constr. Dr. Smith's Lat. ict. 
aestimo, I1.). 2, expendo, di, sum, 3 
(to weigh): I do not reckon them so 
much by number as by v., non ea tam 
numerare soleo quam e., Cic. de Or. 2, 
76, 309: with aestimo, they weigh and 
v. pleasures, ii e. et aestimant voluptates, 
id. Post. Red. 6, 15. 8. pendo, pé- 
pendi, pensum, 3 (not used abs.) to v. 
the case according to its truth, p. cau- 
sam ex veritate, id. Quint. 1,5: you do 
not v. highly, non magni p., Hor. S. 2, 
4,93 Iv. little the favour of a wicked 
man, nequam hominis ego parvi p. gra- 
tiam, Plaut. Bac. 3, 6, 29 ot to v. at 
all, non flocci p., Ter. Eun. 3,1,21. 4, 
facio, féci, fuctum, 3 (with gen. of price 
or adv.): Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 2: J v. tt not 
at all, nec flocci f., id. Att. 13, 50, 3: 
non f, pili cohortem, Cat to, 13: I v. it 
little, parum id f., Sall. J. 85. 5. 
diico, xi, ctum, 3: he v.d tt little, parvi 
id d., Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: to v. anything 
not at all, pro nibilo aliquid d, id. 
Verr. 2, 16, 40: to v. as good, in bonis 
d., id. Fin. 3, 3, ro. 6. piito, 1. to v. 
honours highly, magni p. honores, Cic. 
Plane. 4, 11+ p. aliquem nihbilo, id. Div. 
in Caecil 7, 24. 7. habeo, 2. to v. 
nothing, nihil pensi b., Quint. 11, 1, 29 
you v.not your benefactor, bene meren- 
tem h. despicatul, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 19: 
T v. not, non nauci b., Enn. in Cic. Div. 
I, 58, 132. Ill, To esteem: diligo, 
exi, ectum, 3* Vv. TO LOVE. Phr.. 20: 








VANITY 


you as much as myself, tantum tibi tri- 
buo quantum mihi arrogo, Cic. Fam. 4, 
I, 2, jin.: hey are v.d and esteemed by 
him, apud eum in honore suut et pre- 
uo, id. Rose. Am. 28, 17. to be vd by 
the Roman people, esse in laude et in 
gratia cum populo Rom., id. Verr. Act. 
I, 17, 51. to v. friendship more than 
country, amicitiam patriae praeponere, 
id. Rosc. Perd. 8, 23 to v. friendship 
above everything, amicitiam rebus ome- 
nibus anteponere, id. Am. § 17. t& v, 
you less than her children, vos post- 
ponere natis suis, Ov, M. 6, 211 v.ing 
ga less, posthabita Samo, Virg. Aen. 
1, 16. 

valuer: aestimator Cic. Pis 35, 86, 
ad fin.: Fig.. injustus rerum a., id, 
Mare. 5, 15. 

valueless: parvi prétii: v. VALUE 
and WORTHLESS. 

valve: |. Leaves of a folding- 
door: valvae: Cic. Div. 1, 34. 74. Il. 
A safety v., etc.: perb. épistOmium (4 
tap) : Sen. Ep. 86, 5. 

vamp (subs.): the upper leather of a 
shoe: perb. pellis: rupta p. Juv. 3, 
150. 

vamp (v.): 
sarcio, 4: V. TO REPAIR. 


|. Lit.: w patch: 
ll. Fig: & 


patch up: Phr.: av.’d up story, perh. 


res commenticia, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19: Vv. 
FICTION. 

vampire: |. Lit.: perh. lamia: 
Hor. A. P. 340. I]. Fig.: perh. 
hirtiido (a leech): h. aerarii, Cic. Att. 1, 
16, 11. Hor. A. P. 476. [|]. The bat 
so called: vespertilio: Plin.: Linn. 

van: |. Of an army: 1. pri- 
mum agmen (prop. ef a column on the 
march): the regiments forming the v., 
p. a. cohortes, Liv. 34, 28, med. ot 
prima Acies (in battle): the hastati 


formed the v., p. a. bastati erant, ib. 8, 


8. 3. frons: Tac. H. 2, 89: the v. 
consisted of the flower of the youth, 
prima f. in acie florem juvenum habebat, 
Liv. 8,8. Phr.: the legionary cohorts 


formed the v., primae legionariae co- 


hortes ibant, id. 34, 28, med. Il. 4 
winnowing fan: ], vannus: Col.: 
Virg. G. 1, 166. 9. ventilabrum: 
Col. II]. A wing: ala: v. wine. 
_ A vehicle: perh. rhéda (a 
roomy 4-wheeled conveyance): Juv. 3, 
IO: V. CARRIAGE. 
vandal: perh. Spicus (adj.) (rude, 
clownish): Juv. 6, 454: v. mice, 0. MU 
res, id. 3, 207: or use Vandalicus. 
vane: V. WEATHEKCOCK. 
vanish: |. Lit.: to disappear : 
1. vanesco, nui, 3: ererything vs 
into ashes, cuncta in cinerem v., Tac. H. 
5s 9. Evanesco, 3: to v. into air, in 
tenueme. auram, Virg. Aen. 9.658. 3, 
dilabor, lapsus, 3: id. G. 4, 410. 4. 
diffiigio, fugi, 3: the svow w v.’d, d. 
nives, Hor. Od. 4, 7,1: ¥-TO DISAPPEAR, 
Phr.: land soon vd, celeriter e con- 
spectu terrae ablati sunt, Liv. 29, 27, ad 
med.: to v. from sight, evolare e con- 
spectu, Cic. Verr. 5, 34, 88: Ue slars v., 
stellae occultantur, id. N. {* 2, 20, §1. 
ll. Fig. 1, vanesco, 3: Tac. 
A. 2, 40: v. amor, Ov. A. A. 2, 358. 
9, évanesco, nui, 3. Liv. 28, 25: 
all recollection of them has v.d, omnis 
eorum memoria obscurata est et evan- 
uit, Cic. de (r, 2, 23, gg / Saw our 
hopes v., extenuari spem nestram et e, 
vidi, id. Att. 3, 13, 1 8. dilibor, 
lapsus, 3: to /et one’s property v., Trem 
fumiliarem d. sinere, id. Ol. 2, 18, 64. 
Phr.. friendship vs with kindness, 
sublata benevolentia amicitiae nomen 
tollitur, id. Am. 5. 19 the custom has 
vd, sublata jam consuetude est, id. Rose, 
Am. 1, 3, fin. 
vanity: |, Amptiness, unreality : 
J. vanitas (falsenes): the v. of 
opinions, opinionum v., Cic. Leg. I, 
10, 29. 9, fatilitas. this is all v., 
baec plena sunt f., id. N. D, 2, 28, 70. 
3. lévitas: the v. of opinion, L 
opinionis, ib. 2,17, 45 Joined with fue 
tilitas, ib. 2, 28, 70. 4. fracilitas: 
the weakness and v. of human kind, 
imbecillitas f.que humani generis, id. 


gun 


VANQUISH 


VARIANCE 


VARIOUS 














Tusc. 5, 1, 3. 5, perbh. inanitas: 
joined with error, id. Fin. 1, 13, 44. 
Phr.: O the v. of the world! O quan- 
tum est in rebus inane, Pers. 1, I: Vv. 
VAIN. |]. Concr. a vain thing: ‘le 
perh. vanitas, in pl.: the vs of the 
Magi, magorum v. (al. lec. sing. =I. 1.), 
Plin. 22, 8, 9. 9, lévitas, in pl.: 
given to the v.s of love, amatoriis 1. de- 
diti, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61. 3, perh. in- 
finitas, in pl.: v.s of words, i. verborum, 
Gell. 33, 8. 4, niigae: v. TRIFLE. 
5, res vana: v. vain. {I. Pride, 

zoncert : ], vanitas: conspicuous by 
his own v., suamet v. monstratus, Tac. 
H. 3, 73: joined with jactatio, Quint. 
II, 2, 22. Q, jactatio: Cic. usc. 4, 
9, 20, jin. _§, tiimor: v. and conceit, 
t. et vana de se persuasio, Quint. 2, 
2, 12. 4, gloria: v. VAIN-GLORY, 
vaunt. Phr.: J have no v., nibil est 
in me inane, Cic. Ep. Brut. 3, 2: to 
swell with v., pulmonem rumpere ven- 
tis, Pers. 3, 27. 

vanquish: vinco: v. TO CONQUER. 

vanquisher: victor: v. CONQUEROR. 

vantage-ground: locus sipérior: 
they fought on v., ex 1. 8. proeliabantur, 
Caes. B. G. 2, 23: to leave their v., ex s. 
1, descendere, ib. B. C. 3, 98. 

vapid: |. Lit.: vapidus (of wine 
which has lost its flavour): Col. 12, 5, 1. 
V. wine, vappa, Hor. S. 2, 3, 144. Il. 
Fig.: spoiled, tasteless: 1, vapidus. 
in your v. mind, v. sub pectore, Pers. 5, 
117. A v. fellow, vappa, Hor. S. 1, 1, 
104. Q, insulsus (insipid): a ». style 
of joke, i. genus ridiculi, Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 
259: the mew of a v. fellow, i. hominis 
sententia, ib. Tusc. 1, 8, 15: many are 
the v. sayings, multa insulse dicuntur, 
ib, Att. 5, 10, 3. 8, perh. jejunus 
(poor, meagre): a vain and v. mind, 
animus J. atque inanis, ib. Fam. 2, 77, 
7: @ v. quibble, j. ealumnia, 1b. Caec. 
21, 61. 

vapidly: Fig.: insulse. Cic. Att. 
15, 4, I. 

vapidness : 
Rab. Post. 13, 36. 

vaporization: vaporatio: Sen.: v. 
VAPOUR. 

vaporous: 1, nébiildsus: Plin. 
21, 7,38: Prop. 5,123. 2, vapodrdsus: 


Fig.: insulsitas: Cic. 


App. M. 3. vaporifer: Stat. S. 1, 3, 
45. 4. vaporus: Nemes. 5, va- 
poralis: Aug. 


vapour (subs.): |, Lit.: 1, vapor, 
Gris (v. from land or water) : Cie. N. D. 
2, 46, 118. 9, halitus (v. from land 
or water): Plin. 11, 12, 12. 3, né- 
biila (a cloud-like mist): exhales v. and 
floating mist, tenuem exhalat n. fumos- 
que volucres, Virg. G. 2, 217° we see v. 
and steam rise, surgere n. aestumque 
videmus, Lucr. 6, 475. 4. méphitis 
(a pestilential exhalation): Virg. Aen. 
4, 84. Phr.: the v. given out by the 
earth, exhalationes terrae, Cic. Tusc. 1, 
19, 43: terrae exspirationes, id. N. D, 2, 
33, 83: aspiratio terrarum, id. Div. 1, 
36, 19: the v. given out by water, re- 
spiratio aquarum, id. N. D, 2, 10, 27: 
vaporatic aquarum, Sen. Q. N. 6, 11. 
water emits v., aquae vaporant, Plin. 31, 
2, 2: the sun fills the side of the valley 
with v., sol latus vallis vaporat, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 16, 1: the land emits v., terra 
humorem ex se remittit, Virg. G. 2, 218: 
the stars are fed on the vs rising from 
the earth and the sea, sidera marinis 
terrenisque humoribus extenuatis alun- 
tur, Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43. Like v. (adv.), 
vaporaliter Aug. [J]. Fig.: vs, hy- 
pochondriacal melancholy: perb. lien, 
énis (spleen): Plaut. Cure. 2,1, 5. <Af- 
Jlicted with v.s, liénosus: Plin. 7, 2, 2: 
V. MELANCHOLY. 

vapour (¥.): |. Lit.: to emit v.: 
viporo, 1: v. preced. art. ll. Fig.: 
to brag, vaunt : gloricr, 1: Vv. TO BOAST, 
VAUNT. 

— -bath: perh. assa sudatio (a 
sweating bath): Cels. The chamber for 
@ v,-bath : 1, sadatio: Vitr. 9. 
sudatorium: Sen. The process of @ v., 
sudatio balinearum, Plin. 28, 4, 14. 

variable : 1, varius (prop. of 

gi2 





colour, thence transf., cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 
Io): v. law, v. jus, id. Verr. 5,19, 49. 
2. varians (of seasons, fortune, etc.) : 
not capable of standiny a v. climate, 
impatiens v. coeli, Plin. 14, 2, 4: im- 
stances of v. fortune, exempla v. for- 
tunae, id. 7, 42,43. 3. variabilis, e (no 
good authority): v. aér, App. 4. 
miutabilis,e: Cic. N. D. 3,12, 30: joined 
with varius. woman is ever v. and 
changing, varinm et m. semper femina, 
Virg. Aen.4 569. 5, commutabilis,e : 
Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 30: joined with varius: 
see how v. is life, vide quam sit varia 
vitae c.que ratio, id. Mil. 26, 69: av. 
mind, varius, ¢., multiplex animus, id. 
Am. 25, 92. 6. vagus id. Fin. 5, 20, 
56: stars of v. motion, sidera quae v. et 
mutabili rationelabun tur, id. Tim. 10: 
see how v. is fortume, vide quam Vv. volu- 
bilisque fortuna, id. Mil. 26, 69. Fe 
mobilis, e (of things and persons): the v. 
moisture of the season, coeli m. humor, 
Virg. G.1, 417: my feelings to you have 
not been v., nec in te animo fui m., Cic. 
Fam. 5, 2, 10: human life is v., m. et 
fluxae res humanae, Sall. J. 104, ad med. 
8, inconstans (of things and per- 

sons): v. winds, i. venti, Plin. 18, 35, 
80: no science is more v., nulla ars in- 
constantior, id. 29, I, I. 9, lévis, e 
(lightminded): Cic. Am. 25, 91. 
voliibilis, e: Plin. Ep. 4, 24, ad fin.: 
cf. 6: v. CHANGEABLE, FICKLE. 

variableness: _ 1, variétas (rare 
in this sense): fearing v. and treachery 
in the army, extimescens v. atque in- 
fidelitatem exercitus, Plane. in Cic. Fam. 
10,18, 2. Q, mutabilitas: v. of mind, 
m. mentis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 76. S: 
mobilitas: Tac. H. 5, 8. 4, incon- 
stantia (of things and persons) : i. ful- 
goris, Plin. 37, 13, 76: all know the v. of 
Jortune, fortunam nemo ab i. sejunget, 
Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61: joined with mu- 
tabilitas, id. Tusc. 4, 35, 76: with 
varietas, id. pro Dom. 2, 3. 6, lévitas: 
joined with mobilitas, Caes. B. G. 2, 1: 
with inconstantia and mobilitas, Cic. 
Phil. 7, 3, 9: V. CHANGEABLENESS, 
FICKLENESS. 

variably ; inconstanter: v. CHANGE- 
ABLY. 

variance: |. The state of vary- 
tng: perh. inconstantia. v. VARIATION. 





10. | 








||. Dissension : 1, discordia : 

Cic. Tusc. 4,9, 21: in pl., id. Fin. 1, 13, 
44° to set the state at v., serere civiles 
d., Liv. 3, 40, ad med. 9, dissensio : 
Cic Agr.2, 6,14. §, dissensus, iis (poet. 
in good Lat.): Virg. Aen. 11,455. 4, 
dissidium (separation, consequent on 
discordia, dissensio): Cic. Att. 1, 17, 7. 
5, simultas (esp. in pl.): to be at 

v, with some one, s. exercere cum aliquo, 
id. Flacc. 35, 88. he was at v. with 
Curio, s. huic cum Curione intercedebat, 
Caes. B. C. 2, 25: ¥. ENMITY, QUARREL. 
Phr.: the state at v. with itself, civitas 
secum ipsa discors, Liv. 2, 23, intt.; 
they are at v., inter se dissident atque 
discordant, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 44: they are 
slightly at v., leviter inter se dissident, 
id. Att. 1, 13, 2, fin.: a nation at v. 
with the Roman people, gens dissidens a 
pop. Rom., id. Balb. 12, 30 (for ex- 
amples of constr. of discordo and dis- 
sideo, a very common word, v. l/r. Smith’s 
Lat. Dict.) the Marst begin to be at v. 
with them, ab his Marsi dissentire incipi- 
unt, Caes. B. C. 1, 20(v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. for constr.). the Aedui are at v., 
Aedui pugnant, Cic. Att. 1, 19, 2. lll. 
Disagreement, inconsistency : ], dis- 
sensio: the most larned men were at v. 
concerning the law, inter peritissimos ho- 
mines summa fuit de jure d., Cic. de Or, 
1, 56, 238° they are so much at v., tanta 
sunt in varietate et d., id. N. D. 1, 1, 2. 
9, discrépantia: v. between the letter 
and the intention, d. scripti et voluntatis, 
id. Top. 25, 96 3, discrépatio: Liv. 
Io, 18. 4. répugnantia expediency 
being at v., utilitatis r., Cic. Off. 3, 4, 17. 
5, diversitas: authorities being at 

»., d. auctorum, Plin. 6, 26, 30: v. DIF- 
FERENCE. Phr.. you will find the 
wisest men at v., sapientissimos diversos | 


reperies, Tac. A. 6, 22: our doctrines, 
but slightly at v. with those of the Peripa- 
tetics, nustra non multum a Peripateticis 
dissidentia, Cic, Off. 1, 1, 2 (cf. LL): they 
are greatly at v., longe dissentiunt, id. 
Am. 9, 32: his deeds are at v. with his 
words, facta ejus cum dictis discrepant, 
id. Fiu. 2, 30, 96 (v. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Diet 
for constr.): to be at v. in words but 
agree in facts, verbo inter se discrepare, 
re unum sonare, id. Off. 3,21,83: youare 
at v. with yourself, tecam ipse pugnas, 
id. Phil. 2, 8, 18: do you not see that 
your statements are at v.? te pugnantia 
foqui non vides? id. Tusc. 1,7, 13: these 
things are at v., haec inter se repugnant, 
ib. 3, 29, 72: to state the points about 
which authors are at v., ambigua pro- 
mere, Tac. A. 6, 28. 

variation : 1, variétas: a war 
which had exhibited many v.s, bellum 
in multa v. versatum, Cic. Arch. 9, 
21: av. in the measurement, mensurae 
v., Plin. 6, 26, 30. Q. variatio: Liv. 
24, 9. 3. commiutatio: the v.s of the 
seasons, c, tempestatum coeli, Cic. Div. 
2, 42, 89. 4, conversio: in pl. joined 
with commutatio: ib. 5, vicis (esp 
in pl.): the earth renews her v.s, mutat 
terra v., Hor. Od. 4,7, 3. 6, vicissi- 
tiido: the v.s of day and night, dierum 
noctiumque v., Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 16: v. 
CHANGE. Phr.: from his infancy he 
experienced v.8 of fortune, casus prima 
ab infantia ancipites, Tac. A. 6, 51. 

varicose; varicdsus: Pers. 5, 189. 
A v. vein: 1, varix, icis (a, Faccio- 
lati): Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35. Q. vari- 
ctila: Cels. 

Varied: variatus: v. vary. 

variegate: 1, vario, 1 (chiefly 
poet.): Virg. G. 1, 441. 2. variégo, 
1: Auson.: Vv. TO COLOUR, PAINT. To be 


App. Flor. p. 346. 4, macilosus: 
v. marble, m. marmor, Plin. 36, 6, 5, 
init. 5, versicdlor (changing its 
colour, many coloured): @ v. dress, V. 
vestis, Liv. 7, 10. 6, wulticdlor: Plin. 
37, 10, 60. 7. wulticdldrus: Gell 
8, discolor (lit. of inharmonious 
colour): v. birds, d. aves, Plin. 10, 2, 2, 
init. 9. bicdlor (ef two colours): 
a horse v. with white spots, albis equus 
b. maculis, Virg. Aen. 5, 566: v. 
COLOUR. 
variegation: variétas: Cic. Fin. 2, 
3, Io. 
variety: 1, variétas: Cic. Fin. 2, 
3, 10: Asia exceeds all lands in the v. of 
its productions, Asia varietatibus fruct- 
uum omnibus terris antecedit, id. Manil. 
6, 14: still greater v. is found in men’s 
minds, in animis exsistunt majores 
etiam v., id. Off. 1, 30, 107. 9. vari- 
antia: Luer. 1, 654. 8, diversitas 
(of different, contradictory things): ». 
of plans, consiliorum d., Tac. H. 4, 76: 
V. DIFFERENCE. 4, multitiido: the 
v. of things exported, m. earum rerum 
quae exportentur, Cic. Manil. 6, 14. 
5, vicissitido v. of seasons, anni- 
versariae (coeli) v., id. N. D. 2, 38,97: 
Vv. VARIATION, CHANGE. Phr.i @ 2 
of things, res variae, diversae: vy. 
VARIOUS. 
various: 1. varius: Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 
10: v.and manifold qualities, qualitates 
v. et quasi multiformes, id. Acad. 1, 7, 
26: a v. reading, *v_ lectio. 3. 
versus (different, implying contrarvety) : 
they adopt v. plans, da. consilia capiunt, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 30. 3, multiplex, icis: 
Cic. 4, multimddus: Liv 21, 8 
(var. lect.). 5. wmultijiigus (jugis): 
Cic. Att. 14, 9, I. 6, multifarias : 
Gell. 7, multigénus- Lucr. 2, 335. 
Phr.. v. persons, complures, nonnulli: 
when v. opinions were expressed, variatis 
hominum sententiis, Cic. Mil. 3, 8. the 
v. accounts given of Marcellus’ death, 
quae de morte Marcelli variant auctores, 
Liv. 27, 21, ad fin.: V.TO VARY. Av, 
reading, * lectionis varietas, * scripturae 
discrepantia: v. READING ({iv.). Jn v, 





VARIOUSLY 


places, wuliifariam (adv.)* Cic.: Liv. : 
tn v. ways, omni modo, Cic. 
variously: 1, varie. Cic.: Sall. - 
Liv. 2, varidtim Gell. 3, multi- 
pliciter. Quint.; aiso joined with varie, 
id. 4, multimédis. Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 
53. Phr.- to be handled v., non uno 
modo traciari, Cic. Or. 35, 122. 
varlet: |. A servant: perh. cilo, 
onis (a soldier's servant, horse-boy). 
Ul. 4 rascal: furclfer, verbéro, dnis, 
Bcélus, ris: v. RASCAL, VILLAIN. 
Varnish (svbs.): Lit.: perh. 
Gtramentun: Plin. (35, 10, 36, no. 18) 
says of Apelles, absoluta opera atramento 
tenui illinebat, i.e. a varnish which pre- 
served the pictures and softened the 
colours. Il. Fig.: gloss, deceitful 
show: ficns: without colouring and v., 
sine pigmentis f.que, Cic. de Or. 3, 52, 
199: without v. and deceit, sine f. et 
fallaciis, id. Att. 1, 1, 1. 
varnish (v.): {, Lit.: atramento 
illino, levi, liium, 3: Plin. 35, 10, 36, no. 
18: v. preced. art. Jf, Fig.: togivea 
fair colouring to: 1, cdléro, 1: Val. 
Max. 8, 2, 2. Q, vélo, 1: Tac. A. 14, 
56: Vv. TO COLOUR, CONCEAL. V.’d, (1) 
ficatus: what is v.'d and pretended, f. 
et simulata, Cic. Am. 25, 95: Plin. (2) 
cdlératus : joined with fictus, Sen. Ep. 16. 
vary: A. rans. _§], vario,1: 
of colour, Virg. I, 441: v. TO VARIEGATE: 
he will v. his voice, vocem v., Cic. Or. 18, 
59: to v. toil with rest, v. laborem otio, 
otium labore, Plin. Ep. 8. 8, 4: in pass. : 
when opinions v.’d, variatis hominum 
sententiis, Cic. Mil. 3, 8: pass. impers.: 
quum sententiis variaretur, Liv. 22, 60. 
2. mito, r- to v. one’s style of 
7 eee m. orationem, Cic. Or. 31, 109. 
oin: m, and vario, ib. 18, 59: m. and 
verto, id. de Or. 3, 45,177, fim.: in pass. : 
Sortune v.s, fortuna m., Caes. B. C. 1, 59. 
3, distingno, nxi, nctum, 3: joined 
with vario: orationem vy. et d. quibusdam 
verborum sententiarumque insignibus, 
Cic. de Or. 2. 9,36 to v.and set off one’s 
style, d. et i/lustrare orationem, id. Inv. 2, 
15,49: v.TOCHANGE. B, Intrans. 
1, vario, 1: of colour, uva vy. 
(changes), Prop. 4 (5), 2, 13: report v.s, 
fama v., Liv. 27, 27, fin.: in pass.: 
WL: 2. mito, 1 (to change): 
Liv. 39, 51: in pass., v.1.,2: v. TO TURN, 
CHANGE. Phr: to v. in his opinion, 
decedere de sententia, Cic. Balb. 5, 11; 
d. sententia, Tac. A. 14, 49: not to v., 
constare, sibi constare, Cic. 
vase: 1, vas, vasis, n., (a vessel, re- 
ceptacle): murrhina vasa, or murrhina, 
vases of fluor spar, Plin.: v. Smith’s 
Ant. 769. 2, vasciilum: Juv. g, r4r: 
Plaut. 3. amphora (a jar, for wine, 
etc.): Hor.: v. Smith’s Ant. go. 4. 
urceus (a pitcher): Hor. §, urcedlus: 
mentioned as a humble ornament of the 
abacus, Juv. 3, 203: v. CUP, BOWL. 
vassal: |. A feudatory holder: 
1, * vassallus: Du Cange. 2. In 
Roman sense = cliens: v. Smith's Ant. 
294. 8. clientéla (mostly plur.): he 
knew that Pompey had many v.s, magnas 
esse Pompeio clientelas sciebat, Caes, 
B.C. 2, 18, fin. Phr.: they became Chry- 
sogonus’ v.s, se in Chrysogoni fidem et c. 
contulerunt, Cic. Rosc. Am. 37,106. |]. 
A dent : 1, cliens: Caes. B. G. 
1, 4: of whole nations, vassals, ib. 1, 31. 
2. assectator, dris (an attendant, fol- 
lower): Cic. Verr. 2,11,29. Phr.; lest 
we be the v.s of fortune, ne fortuna in nos 
magnam habeat dominationem, Auct. 





Her. 4, 19, 27: V. DEPENDENT, SUBJECT. 
vassalage: |. Feudatory de- 

- *vassallagium. Du 

Cange. 2, In Roman sense, clientéla: 


Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 176. I}. Depend- 
ence, generally: perh. servitus, itis: 
V. DEPENDENCE, SUBJECTION. Phr.: a 
life of v., sub dominatione vita, Asin. 
Poll. in Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 3. 

vast (adj.): |. Waste, deserted: 
vastus: v. et deserta urbs, Liv. 24, 3, 
ad med.: v. WASTE, DFSOLATE. — |, Of 
great size or extent: 1, vastus (of 
excessive, Shapeless size): a v. beast, v. 
belua, Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67. @ v. sea, 





VAUNTING 


v. mare, Caes. B. G. 3, 12, ad fin.: 
frequent in superl. 9. ingens (of 
excessive size, huge): a v. plain, i. cam- 
pus, Cic, de Or. 3, 19, 70: v. HUGE. 8, 
immensus (boundless): joined with in- 
gens, Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 70: @ v. sea, 
mare i., id. Tusc. 1, 30,73. toav. extent, 
per (ad, or in) immensum: at a@ v. price, 
immenso, Plin. 4. immanis, e (mon- 
strous): joined with vastus, Cic. Rep. 2, 
40. 67: with ingens, id. Verr. 3, 46, 110. 
5. Magnus, esp. superl.: av. amount 
of honey, vis mellis maxima, Cic. Verr. 
2,72,176. 6, amplus, esp. superl.: id. 
7. spatidsus: a v. body of water, 
S. aeqnor, Plin. 4, I, 1: ¥. GREAT, LARGE, 
II]. Of abstract or mental qualities 
and things: 1, ingens: v. glory, i. 
gloria, Liv. 2, 22: of v. strength and 
resources, i. viribus opibusque, Tac. H. 
¥, 61 2. immensus: v. passions, i., 
infinitae cupiditates, Auct. Her. 2, 22, 
34. 3. magnus: a ». task, opus m. et 
arduum, Cic. Or. 10, 33: considering of 
v. importance, magni existimans inter- 
ese, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7. 4. amplus : 
esp. superl.: v. effects are felt, amplis- 
simi effectus sentiuntur, Plin. 2, 40, 40: 
Vv. GREAT. 
vast (subs.): immensum: the whole 
v., omne i., Lucr. 1, 75. 
vastly: perh. maximé: v. GREATLY. 
Phr.: being v. inferior in number, 
quoniam numero multis partibus esset 
inferior, Caes. B. C. 3, 84: v. more, 
omnibus partibus majores (out of all 
comparison), Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 108: v. 
VERY. 
vastness ! 1, immensitas (of 
space): Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54. 2. im- 
manitas (monstrousness): i. vitiorum, 
id. Coel. 6, 14. Phr.: expr. by adj. : 
the v. of the'r bodies, ingens magnitudo 
corporum, Caes. B. G. 1, 39, init.: v. 
GREATNESS, SIZE. 
vat: 1, ciipa (a wooden vat): 
Caes. B.C. 2, 11. 2, dodlium (a very 
large earthen jar): Hor. Od. 3,11, 27: 
Cat.: Vv. CASK. 
vaticinate: vaticinor, 1: v. To PRO- 
PHESY, PREDICT. 
vaticination: vaticinatio: v. pro- 
PHECY, PREDICTION. 
vault (subs.): |. An arched roof : 
], fornix, icis (a stone vault): Sen. 
Ep. 90, 32, med.: Cic. ‘Top. 4, 22. as 
fornicatio: Sen.: Vitr. 8, ciméra (also 
camara): (strictly, an arched roof of 
wood or plaster) : Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1, fin. : 
Vitr. 7, 3: the interior of a v., c. coelum, 
ib. 4, cimératio: Spart. 5, con- 
cimératio: Plin.: Vitr. [J], A vaulted 
apartment : 1, fornix, icis (a v’d 
opening, an arch, archway): Liv. 33, 27. 
2, caméra (a v.’d chamber): Sall. C. 
55. 3, hypdgéum (av. or cellar under 
ground): Vitr.: used for burial, Petr, 
4. sometimes perh. cella (@ store- 
room, closet): used for storing wine, oil, 
etc., Varr.; Col. Phr.: an under-| 
ground v., locus sub terra saxo con- 
septus: Liv. 22, 57, med. Jn the form 


of a v.,fornicatim (adv.): Plin, Ih 
A leap: saltus: v. LEAP. 
vault ’v.): A, Trans: 1, con- 


fornico,1. Vitr. 2, caméro (aro), 1: 
Plin. 10, 33, 50. 8. concaméro: Plin, 
34, 14, 42: a v.d apartment, locus c., 
Suet. Aug.go. B, Intrans.: toleap: 
salio,4: v.TOLEAP. Phr,; they v. on 
to their steeds, corpora saltu subjiciunt 
in equos, Virg. Aen. 12, 288: he v.s into 
his chariot, saltu emicat in currum, ib. ; 
12, 326. 

vaulted: fornicatus: Cic. Top. 4, 22: 
v. preced. art. 

vaulter: perh. pétanrista: Varr. in 
Non, : pétauristarius: Petr.: v. Smith's 
Ant. 

vaulting: concimératio. v. VAULT. 

—— -poard;: perh. pétaurum: Juv. 
14, 265: v. Smith’s Ant. 

vaunt (subs.): t 1. jactantia : 

vaunting: j. militaris, ‘l'ac. 
Agr. 25: j. sui, id. A. 2, 46. 2, jac- 
tatio (parade): Coel. ad Cic. Att. 10, 9, 
5. 3. ostentatio Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 
333: in plur., id. Att. 5, 13, 1. 4.) 

3N 





VEHEMEXCE 
venditatio: id. Tus. 2, 26, 6.. Join: 
Vv. et ostentatio: Cic. 5. vanilé- 
quentia: wita v.s cnd Urreats, per ¥. ac 
minas, Tac. A. 6, 31 Vv. nOASTING. 

vaunt(.): A.Trans. 1. facto, 
I (of something belonging or relating {2 
oneself: cf. Madvig in Cic. Fin. 2, <, 
24)° to v. ones influence und position, 
J. gratiam et dignitatem. Cars. B.C. 3, 
83: esp. with prom, refiect.: he vs him- 
self concerning Callidius, }. se de Calli- 
dio, Cic. Verr. 4,21, 46. after v.ing about 
that, quum in €0 se jactavisset, ii, Att. 
5 Oa? 2, ostento, 1 (lo display, 
parade): o. prudentiam, Cic. Fam. to, 3, 
4: Caes. B.C. 3, 83: o. el prar se ferre, 
Cic. Att. 2,23,3. 3, vendito. 1(tocry 
up What is your own or awsher's): ¥. 
suam operam, Liv. 44, 2%, ad med.: 
Cic. Verr. 2, 54, 135. 4, glorier, 1: 
with cogn. neut., J wish I could mate the 
same v. as Cyrus, vellem idem posse 
g. quod Cyrus, Cic. Sen. to, 32: ger., 
a happy life is a thing t) v, beata vila 
glorianda et praedicanda et prae se 
ferenda est, id. Tuse. 5, 17, §0° cf. est 
aliquid praedicabile et gloriandam ac 
prae se ferendum, ib. § 49. 5. prae- 
dico, 1 (to pi aise): v. 4. _Intrans 
1, glorior, 1 (very common, é=p. in 
Cic.): Imay v. before you, licet apud 
te g., Cic. Off. 1, 22, 78: you rv. about 
Your riches, de tuis divitiis g., id. Vatin. 
12, 29: for other examples of constr. v. 
Dr. Smith's Lat. Dict.: v. alsoll,4. 2, 
efféro, extiili, Glatum, 3, with pron. re- 
Jlect.: you v., effers te insolenter, Cic. 
Tuse. 4, 17, 39: ©. sese audacia scelere 
atque superbia, Sall. J. 14: v. TO BOAST. 
vaunter: ], jactator, dris: a ». 
of his own exploits, j. rerum a se gesta- 
rum, Quint. 11, 1, 17. 9. ostentator, 
Oris: av. of his achievements, factorum 
o., Liv. 1,10.  §, venditator- Tac. H. 
I, 49, med, May freq. be expr. by adj. 
vaunting (subs.): jactantia: v 
VAUNT, 
vaunting (adj.): 1, jactans 
joined with arrégans, insdlens, Cic. 
fragm.: I'lin. Ep. 2. gloridsus: Cic.: 
Plin. Ep.: v. VAINGLoRIous. 3, varius 


(of emply ostentation): ¥. VAIN. 4. 
vaniloquus: Liv. 35, 48. 5, jJacta- 
bundus: Gell. 6, jactitabundus: Sid, 


vauntingly: 1. jactanter: Amm. 
comp. Lac. 2, gloridsé: Cic. de Or, 
2, 8, 31 

veal]; viliilina (sc. caro): Piaut. : also 
vitulina, n. plur., Nep. a piece of v., 
vitulina caruncula, Cic. Div, 2, 24, §2. 
roast v., assum vitulinum, id. Fam. 9, 
20, I. 

vedette or vidette; perh. excii- 
bitor: Vv. SENTINEL. 

veer: A, Trans.: to turn: ], 
vero, ti, sum, 3: V. TO TURN, 2. ob- 
liquo, 1 (to turn obliquely): Virg. Aen, 
5, 16 (of trimming sais): t v. out a 
rope, perb. laxare fupem ; V. TO SLACKEN, 
LET GO. B, Intrans.: verto, ti,sum, 
3: abs. with pron, reflect. or pass.: the 
wind vs round from the South lo the 
S.-west, Auster in Africum se v., Cnes, 
B. C. 3, 26. /in.: ¥. TO TURN, CHANGE. 

vegetable (subs.): 1. & things 
belonging to the vegrtable kingdom: 
most gen. word perh. planta Juv. : Col. 
Phr.: ea quae a terra stirpibus con- 
tinentur, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83> quod ita 
ortum est e terra ut stirpibus suis nita- 
tur, opp. animal, id. Tusc. §, 13, 37 “res 
quae e terra gignuntur, =|, Vegetaltes 
jorthetable: ], dlus,éris todineun 
v.s, prandere olus, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 13. 

9. dluscilum: pl. : Cic. Att. 6, 1, tz. 

vegetable (adj.): perh. * pertinens 
ad plantas: the e, world, * plantarum 
genus: v. preced. art. 

vegetate: |, Lit: To grow, of 
plants: vigeo, 2. Join: vivere et v., 
Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83: ¥. TO Grow. il. 
Fig.: *plantae quasi vitum agere, 

vegetative: 1, végétibilis,e (act, 


causing to grow): Mart. Cap. 2. ce 
nialis, @: V. PRODUCTIVE. 
vehemence: 1. véb&émentia (not 


Aug.): of personal character, Plin. 36, 5, 
4,933 2, vis (strength, or force): 
913 


VEHEMENT 





(t) the v. of the storm, v. tempestatis, 
es. B C.2,14. (ii.) of @ speech, Cic. 
Or. 68, 229. 3, contentio (exertion) : 
great v. of speech, snmma vis et c. ser- 
monis, Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255. 4, im- 
pétus, tis (lit.. onset). (i.) the v. of the 
wind, ventorum i., Caes. B.G. 3,13, med. 
Gi.) otherwise there can be no force or v. 
n spealcing, aliter in oratione nec i. ullus 
nec vis esse potest, Cic. Or. 68, 229. 
5, incitatio: (i.) of the rapid mo- 
tion of the sun, Cic. Acad. 2, 26, 82. 
(ii.) transf.: mentis i. atque alacritas, 
Caes. B.C. 3,92: of an orator, vis atque 
i., Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161. Join any of 
the preceding words with vis. 6, sti- 
dium (eagerness, assiduity): to fight 
with v., alacritate et s. niti, Caes. B. G. 
4, 24, fin. "J, ardor, Oris (heat): when 
the v. of the passions is lessened, a. cu- 
piditatum restincto, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43. 
8, calor, Oris (heat): Quint.: Plin. 
Ep. 9, aestus, tis (violent commotion) : 
used met., the v. (lit. fide) of your 
genius has carried you off from land, 
Tepente te quasi quidam a. ingenii tui 
procul a terra abripuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 36, 
145. 10, sometimes, vidlentia (strong 
expr., ferocity, violence): Cic. Phil. 12, 
II, 26: opp. vis, Quint. 2, 12, II. 11. 
sometimes, iracundia (v. of character, 
proneness to anger) : Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27. 
12, animus: of oratorical fire: 
Quint. 
vehement: 1. véhémens (very 
eager, impetuous): (i.) Galba was v. 
and fiery, Galba y. atque incensus, Cic. 
Brut. 22, 28: v. and headstrong, v. 
feroxque, id. Vat. 2, 4. (ii.) transf.: 
of a style of speaking, id. de Or. 2, 49, 
200. of the course of a river, Quint. 
9. acer (keen, active): (i.) @ v. 
patriot, civis acerrimus, Cic. Fat. to, 
28, 1: v. in action, a. in gerendis rebus, 
ib. 8, 15, 2. Join: a. et vehemens, 
id. Caec. 10, 28. (ii.) transf., of a war, 
id. Balb. 6,14. $3, contentus (strained, 
intent): with v. zeal, c. studio, Cic. Sest. 
6, 13: of the voice, id, Or. 17, 56. ; 
concitatus: of a style of speaking, 
Quint. 5, incitatus. (i.) of rapid 
motion, Caes.: Cic. (ii.) transf., a more 
v. style of speaking, cursus in oratione 
incitatior, Cic. Or. 59, 201. 6, ardens 
(glowing): to seek death with v. desire, 
a. studio petere mortem, id. Fin. 2, 19, 
61: of a style of speaking, id. Or. 38, 
132. 7. flagrans (glowing, blazing) : 
fired with the love of studies, oratoriis 
studiis flagrantissimus, id. Fat. 2, 3: 
v. passion, f. cupiditas, id. Tusc. 4, 19, 
44 8, vidlentus (strong expr., very 
v.); (i.) a v. and violent man, homo 
vehemens et v., id. Phil. 5,7, 19. (i.) 
of storms, id. Clu. 49, 138. Q, fer- 
vidus (fiery): (i. of character, chiefly 
poet, Liv. 27, 33. (ii) of speaking, 
Cic. Brut. 68, 241. 10. fervens: id. 
Off. 1, 15,46. Hor. 1], calidus (hot): 
of persons, poet.: of a course of policy, 
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 82. 
vehemently : 1, véhémenter : 
(i.) to behave v., v. se agere, Cic. Phil. 8, 
5, 16: I implore you v., v. te etiam 
atque etiam rogo, id. Att. 16, 16, D, fin. 
(ii.) of the rough sea: Plaut. 245 
acriter: to /ight v., a. pugnare, Caes. 
B. G. 2, 10, ad init.: Silius v. urged the 
measure, Silius a. incubuit, Tac. A. 11, 
6, init. 3, animose (with spirit): 
Join: acriter, vebementer, animose, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 51. 4, contenté : 
to speak v., c. dicere, ib. 2, 24, 57. 
5, concitaté : of speaking, Quint. 
G, incitaté- of style, Cic. Or. 63, 
212. 7, ardenter: to desire v., a. 
cupere, id. Tusc. 4, 17, 39. 8, fla- 
granter: superl. of passion, Tac. A. 1, 3. 
_ Q, ferventer: of speaking, Coel. in 
Cic. Fam. 8, 8,2. 10. valdé: to praise 
any one too v., aliquem nimis v. laudare, 
id. Leg. 3, 1,1: with vehementer, very 
v., v. vehementer, id. Att. 14, I, 2. 
Jl, obnixé (strenuously): Ter.: 
Sen. Ep. 12. impensé (earnestly) : 
of requests, etc.: Ter.: Quint.: comp., 
the Rhodians returned thanks more v., 
impensius Rhodii gratias egerunt, Liv. 
914 


VENAL 


VENGEANCE 


ee ee eee 


37, 56, ad fin. 
siring, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37. VPhr.: may 
freq. be expr. by adj. and subs.: to 
Jight v., *magno studio contendere: to 
cry v., *magna voce clamare: v. two 
preced. arts. 
vehicle; véhicilum (gen. term): 
Cic.: Liv. : v. CARRIAGE. 
veil (subs.) : |. A cover for the 
face: 1, rica (a veil of cloth, worn by 
women, esp. at sacrifices): Varr. L. L. 
5, 29, 37° also on ordinary occasions, 
Plaut. Ep. 2,2, 50. Q, ricinium (worn 
esp. by mourners): Varr. L. L. 29, 37: 
Cic. Leg 2, 23, 59: v. Smith’s Ant 995. 
3. rictla (a ». worn by young 
women): Turp.inNon. 4, flammeum 
(a flame-coloured bridal v.): Plin. 21, 
8,22: Juv. 5, flammedlum (a small 
or fine bridal v.): Juv. A maker of 
v.s, flammearius, Plaut. |], Any cover- 
ing: 1, velum (a curtain, hanging): 
of tent hangings, Cic. Verr. 5, 12, 30: 
a curtain hung before a door: Juv. 6, 
228. 2. velamen (of clothes gene- 
rally): Virg. Aen, 1, 649. , ve- 
lamentum (a curtain): Sen. Il. 
Fig.: @ cover, a disguise: 1, in- 
tégumentum: pl.: Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 
350. 9. invdlucrum: pl.: joined 
with integumenta, ib. 1, 35, 161. 3. 
perh. velum: each man’s real character 
is concealed by v.s and coverings, invo- 
lucris tegitur et quasi v. quibusdam 
obtenditur unius cujusque natura, Cic. 
OB 5; l5= 4, obtentus, us: 
her avarice was veiled, cupido auri 0. 
habebat, Tac. A. 12, 7, jin.: V. PRE- 
TENCE, PRETEXT, COVER. 
veil (v.): pistes ea ev ClO; kis 
with v.’d head, capite v., Cic, N. D. 2, 3, 10. 
9. tégo, xi, ctum, 3: Vv. TO COVER. 
I]. Fig.: 1, vélo, 1: tov. hatred 
under caresses, v. odium fallaciis, ‘Tac. 
A. 14, 56. Q. tégo, xi, ctum, 3: 
joined with velo, Cic. Pis. 24, 56: v. TO 
COVER, CONCEAL. 
vein: |]. Propr. 1, véna: v.s 


and artertes, v. et arteriae, Cic. N. D. 2, 
55,139: to open a v. (of a physician), 
incidere v., Cels.- ferire v., Virg. G. 3, 
460: sanguinem mittere, Cic.: v. TO 
BLEED: to open @ man’s v.s (of an exe- 
cutioner or suicide), v. incidere, Cic.: 
v. interscindere, abrumpere, abscindere, 

exsolvere, aperire, Tac.: v. pertundere, 

Juv.: v. secare, Suet.: v. solvere, Col. 

9. venila (a small v.): Cels. 

||. Transf.: véna: a v. of metal, 

Cic. N. D. 2,60, 151: a veining of a stone, 

Plin. 34, 6, 24: of wood, id. 16, 38, 73. 

The spaces between ».s (of minerals), in- 

tervenia, Vitr. Full of v.s, venosus: 

Cels. Transf.: marked with v.s (of 
plants or stones), Plin. ll. Fig.: @ 


v. of talent, vena ingeni, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 
1o: Juv.: Quint. 
veined: véndsus: v. prec. art. 
vellum: 1. pergdména (charta), 


parchment (invented by Eumenes, king 
of Pergamum): Isid.: Hier. 2, mem- 
brana (skin, parchment): Plin.: Hor. 

velocity: 1, vélocitas (swift mo- 
tion in men or animals): Cic. Off. 1, 30, 
107. 9. céléritas (quickness of mo- 
tion, agility): id. Tusc. 4, 13, 32: cf. 3, 
used of v. in speaking, Cic. 3, in- 
citatio (prop. word for v. in physical 
philosophy): the sun moves with such 
v. that its speed cannot evn be imagined, 
sol tanta i, fertur ut celeritas ejus ne 
cogitari quidem possit, id. Acad. 2, 26, 
82. 4. pernicitas (strictly continued 
endurance, thence speed generally in 
men or animals): id. Tusc. 5, 13, 45: 
Liv.: Tac. 5, rapiditas (a rare word): 
the v. of the river, fluminis r., Caes. B C. 
1, 62. With v., célériter, Cic.: perni- 
citer, Liv.: raptim, Cic.: Liv.: Caes. : 
Vv. QUICKLY. 

venal: |. Relating to the veins: 
v. blood, *venarum sanguis. I]. Open 
to corruption, mercenary : 1, vé- 
nalis,e: Cic. Verr. 3,62, 144: the v. mab, 
multitudo v. pretio, Liv. 35, 50. Dr. 
nimarius. v. judges, n. judices, Cic. 
Att. 1, 16, 8. @ v. judgment, n. judi- 
cium, id. Verr. 3, 57, 131: Sen. P 


13. sitienter: of de- | 





hr.:| 


the authority of the senate was destroyed 
by a v. tribune’s veto, senatus auctoritas 
empta intercessione sublata est, Cic. Mil. 
6, 14, fim. : V. BRIBE. 
venality: vénalitas: Cod. Justin. 
Use pertidia, turpitudo: v., CORRUPTION : 
may be expr. by adj.: the v. of the mob, 
venalis pretic multitudo, Liv. 35, 50. 
vend: vendo, didi, ditum, 3: v. TO 
SELL. 
vender: venditor, 6ris: v. SELLER. 
vendible: vendibilis - Cic. : v. SALB- 
ABLE. 
veneer (subs.): ligni bractea, cortex, 
icis: Plin.: v. foll. art. (b. is a thin 
plate, e. g. of gold, Lucr. 4, 729). 
veneer (v.): arborem alia intego: 
vilius ligno pretiosius cortice facio (vi- 
lioris ligni e pretiosiore corticem facto): 
lignum pretiosioris ligni bractea tego, 
intego: these are derived from the 
following passage, describing veneering, 
“haec prima origo luxuriae arborum, 
alia integi et viliores ligni pretiosiores 
cortice fieri. Ut una arbor saepius 
veniret, excogitatae sunt et ligni brac- 
teae,” Plin. 16, 43, 84, § 84, Sillig. 
veneering: perh. luxuria arborem 
alia integendi: v. was invented, bracteae 
ligni excogitatae sunt, Plin.: v. preced. 
art. 
venerable: 1, vénérabilis,e: vir 
v., Liv. 1, 7. 9. vénérandus (as adj., 
poet. and late Lat.): v. Pales, Virg. 
G. 3, 294 3. révérendus (as adj., 
poet. and late Lat.): v. vox, Ov. Ib. 75. 
4, augustus, (lit. consecrated, hence 
v., august): Ov. F. 1, 609: a v. temple, 
templum augustissimum. Liv. 42, 12: 
a v. man, a. vir, id. 8, 6. 5, somes 
times sanctus (sacred, when applied to 
persons, holy, pious): @ v. Jountain, 
s. augustusque fons, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36, 
fin. 6, sacer (consecrated, rare): 
v. groves, S. Vetustate luci, Quint. Io, I, 
88. 7. priscus (v. from antiquity): 
v. Inachus, p. Inachus, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 21: 
a virgin of v. purity, p. sanctimoniae 
virgo, Tac. A. 3, 69. 8. sormetimes 
gravis (influential, from weight of cha- 
racter, etc.) : V. HONOURABLE. 
venerate: 1, vénéror, 1 (vénéro, 
Plaut.) (to worship, revere) : Cic. N. D. 
3, 21, $3: When transf. to a person use 
a qualifying expr.: to v. Epicurus, 
Epicurum ut deum y., id. Tusc. 1, 21, 
48. 2. adoro, 1 (to worship, adore: 
more emphatic than veneror): when 
transf. to a person use a qualifying 
expr.: Enninm sicut sacros vetustate 
lucos a., Quint. ro, 1, 88. 8, colo, ui, 
cultum, 3 (to worship, honowr): Cic. 
N. D. 1, 41, 115: tov. Africanus, Afri- 
canum ut deum c., id. Rep. 1, 12, 18: 
Join: c. and veneror, id. N. D. 2, 28, 
1. Phr.: the Druids are vd by 
them, Druides magno sunt apud eos 
honore, Caes. B. G. 6, 13: V. TO HONOUR. 
veneration: 1, vénératio (rare). 
Cic. N.D. 1, 17,45. 2, adoratio: Plin. 
8, cultus, tis: Cic. use, 1, 26, 64: 
all these words express vorship paid to 
the gods, and would not be applied to a 
person without qualification : v. HONOUR, 
With v., adj., venérabundus: Liv. 5, 22. 


venerator: 1, vénérator, Oris: 
v. 9, adorator, Oris: Tert. 3. 
cultor, dris: Liv.: Hor.: Ov. Phr.: 


a v. of the gods, *qui deos colit et 
veneratur, cf. Cic. N. 1). 2, 28, 71. 
venereal: vénéreus: Cic. 
vengeance: 1, ultio (gen. expr. 
esp. v. token by a private person): to 
savrifice to their v., ultioni mactare, Tac. 
A. 2,132 Sen.: Quint... totale v.on Piso, 
petere e Pisone u., Tac. A. 3, 7: to glut 
thevr v., explere se ultione, id. 4, 25, ad 
jin. 2. vindicta (punishment, re- 
venge): to glow with the hope of v., cupi- 
dine vindictae inardescere, Tac. A. 6, 32: 
Plin.: Juv.- vindicta and ultio used as 
equivalent, Juv. 1%, Igo. 3. poena 
(gen. term for punishment or penalty for 
any offence): esp. plur.: to suffer just 
v., p. justas et debitas solvere, Cic. Mil. 
31, 85: to seek v. for his wrong, p. doloris 
sui petere, id. Att. 1, 10, 7 lest he exact 
v., ne p. exigat, Juv. 10,84: V. PENALTY. 


VENIAL 





The taking of v., vindicatio : Cic. Inv. 2, 


22, 66. To take v. (1) ulciscor, ultus, 3. 
(2) vindico, 1: v. TO AVENGE, 
venial: V’hr.: expr. by adj. venia 
dignus, cui venia dari possit: what they 
do is v., habent excusationem, Cic.: this 
ts v., fieri id videtur excnsate, Quint.: my 
fault is v., peccavi citra scelus, Ov. Tr. 
5, 8,23: a v. fault, culpa ea quae sit 
ignoscenda, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 26: [am 
subject to slight and v. defects, medio- 
cribus et quis ignoscas vitiis teneor, 
Hor. S. 1, 4,131. [Nore: véniabilis, is 
only used by later writers, such as Sid. 
venison: 1, férina céro: Sall. J. 
18: ferina (sc. caro): Virg. Aen. 1, 215. 
2, cervina: Dioclet. Mdict. 
venom: J. Lit.:; 1, vénénum 
(a substance producing physical effects, 
esp. poison) : Cic. N. D. 3, 33, 81: of ser- 
pent’s v., Virg. Aen. 2, 221: Hor. Od. 1, 
37, 28: v. malum, old legal formula in 
Cic. Clu. 54,148. 2, virus (poisonous 
liquid): ot serpent’s v., Virg. G. 1, 129. 
8, sinies (poisonous slaver): of a 
serpent joined with venenum, Virg. Aen, 
2, 221: s. veneni, Lucan 6, 457. 4. 
toxicum (prop. poison for arrows): Hor. 
Epod. 17, 61: Plin. 5, perh. tabum 
(corrupt matter): joined with sanies, 
Enn. in Cic. Pis. 19, 43: Virg.: Ov.: 
Hor. 6. fel (lit. gall): f. vipereum, 
Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 16: Vv. POISON, I]. Fig.: 
], vénénum: the v. of his nature and 
country, naturae patriaeque v., Juv. 3, 
123: virulence and v., pus atque v., 
Hor. S. 1, 9, 1. 9. virus: to vent the 
v. of his bitterness, evomere vy. acerbi- 


tatis suae, Cic. Am. 23, 87. 8. fel: 
Vv. BITTERNESS, 
venomous: |. Lit: 1, vénén- 


atus: v. snakes, vy. colubrae, Lucr. 5, 27. 
9. vénénifer: Ov. M. 3, 85. 
vénenosus: Aug. 4, virtlentus: of 
serpents, Gell. 5, perh. ater (a com- 
mon epith. of serpents, etc.): a. venenum, 
Hor. Od. 1, 37, 28. 6, perh. malus 
(nowious) : m. virus, Virg. @. 1, 129. 
Phr.: the v. fury Alecto, Gorgoneis 
Alecto infecta venenis, Virg. Aen. 7, 
341: their bite is v., venenum morsibus 
inspirant, id. G. 4, 236: v. POISONOUS. 
IJ. Fig.: 1, vénenatus: a v. jest, 
v. jocus, Ov. Tr. 2, 566. Q. ater: tf 
any has assailed me with the v. tooth of 
calumny, si quis a. dente me petiverit, 
Hor. Epod. 6, 15: v. verses, a. versus, 
id. Ep. 1, 19, 30. 3, perh. mordax 
en, of persons and things) : V. BITTER. 
hr.: 10 one makes a secret v. attack 
on my prosperity, non mea commoda 
quisquam odio obscuro morsuque ve- 
nenat, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 377: when assailed 
by the v. fangs of satire, dente Theonino 
quum circumroditur, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 82. 
vent (subs.) : |. An aperture, 
passage: j, spiracilum (a breathing- 
hole): Virg. Aen. 7, 568: Lucr.: Plin. 
. Spiramen (rare and poet.): Enn.: 
Lucan. 3. spiramentum (a breath- 
ing-hole, pore): heat opens v.s (in the 
ground): calor s. relaxat, Virg. G. 1, go. 
4, via: in plur. joined with spira- 
menta, Virg. G. I, go. 5, {oramen 
or aperture): Cic.: Plin. 6, exitus, 
s (a passage out): Plin. 7, some- 
times perh, émissarium (an outlet of a 
nd, lake, ete.): Cic.: Suet. Il. 
ig.: escape, passage into notice or 
expression: Phr.: the matter took v., 
Tes percrebuit; in ore atque sermone 
omnium coepit esse, Cic. Verr. 2, 23, 
56: their madness found v., furor eru- 
pit, id. Sull. 24, 67: their grief finds 
v. in tears, dolore erumpunt lacrimae, 
Quint.: when his tears found v., quum 
lacrimae prorumperent, Plin. Ep. 3, 16: 
V. TO BURST FORTH, BREAK OUT: to give 
v.to: érumpo: v. foll. art. Ill. Sale, 
market: venditio: v SALE, MARKET. 
vent (v.): |. Zo let out by an 
aperture: perh per foramen émitto, 
mssi, missum, 3: Vv. TO LET OUT. Il. 
Fig.- Jo give v. or expression : . 
érumpo, tipi, uptum, 3: lest they v. their 
wrath on me, ne in me stomachum e., 
Gic. Att. 16, 3, 1: Liv.: Ter.: Tac. 
Q. effundo, iidi, isum, 3: he vs his 


| attended with risk : 





VENTURE 


anger on the Maronitar, in Maronitas 


iram e., Liv. 39, 34, init. 3. évomo, 
ui, itum, 3: tov. his venom and bitter- 
ness, e. Virus acerbitatis suae, Cic. Am, 
23, 84. 4, expromo, psi, plum, 3: 
then he v.'d his hatred, deinde suum e. 
odium, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2: id. Mil. 13, 33: 
V. TO DISPLAY, EXPRESS, POUR FORTH. 
vent-hole: perb. foramen: v. VENT. 
ventilate: |. Lit.: sometimes 
ventilo, 1 (to fan, hence to expose to the 
air): of wine, corn, and the like: Plin.: 
Col.: Varr. Phr.: they prefer grana- 
ries to be thoroughly v.d, perflari un- 
dique granaria malunt, Plin. 18, 30, 73: 
they v. the room, perflatus admittunt, id. 
17, 19, 31: @ well-v.d house, aedificium 
habens perflatum, Cels. 1, 2: Plin. 18, 17, 
44,no.2.  |j, Fig.: todiscuss, publish : 
* in medium proféro, tili, latum, irreg. : 
V. TO DISCUSS, EXAMINE, PUBLISH. 
ventilation: |. Lit: 
latio (exposing to the air): of grapes: 
Plin. 23,1,6. 2, perflatus, fis: let v. be 
secured by opening the windows, fenes- 
tris patentibus sic ut p. aliquis accedat, 
Cels. 3, 19: a place with good v., locus 
perflabilis, Pall.: v. preced. art. Il. 
Fig.: discussion, publication: perh. 
patéfactio: would usually be expr. by 
part. or verb: Vv. DISCUSSION, etc. 
ventilator : perh. foramen: v. VENT. 
ventral: 1, ventralis: Macr. 
9. ventriciilosus: Coel. Aurel.: may 
be expr. by gen., et@., of veuter. 
ventricle: ventriciilus: a v. of the 
heart, v. cordis, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138: 
Cels. 4, 1, uses v. for the stomach : the 
right v. of the heart: v. pulmonaris: 
Anat, 
ventriloquist: vertriléquus: Tert. : 
Hier. [Gk. midwv, fem. mu@vvicca : 
Plut. (Kr.)] 
venture (subs.): |, Risk: 1, 
périctlum (danger, risk): to risk a v., 
p. subire, Caes. B. G. 1, 5: v. RISK, and 
foll. art. Q. discrimen (crisis, risk) : 
freq. joined with periculum: Cic. 3: 
alea (hazard): we hazard a perilous v., 
in dubiam a. imus, Liv. 1, 23, ad fin. : 
v.foll.art. 4, casus (chance, accident) : 
v. foll. art. 5, dimicatio (struggle) ; 
a v. of life, vitae d., Cic. Plane. 32, 77. 
Phr.: audax facinus, conatus, coeptum, 
inceptum: a bold v. is dangerous, non 
fit sine periculo facinus magnum, Ter. 
Heaut. 2, 3, 73° aid my bold venture, 
audacibus annue coeptis, Virg. G. 1, 
40: Liv. 42, 59: Vv. ATTEMPT. Il. 4 
thing risked: perh. fortiinae, res, bona: 
Vv. FORTUNES. At a v.: témére, temere 
ac fortuito, impridenter, casu: v. RAN- 
DOM (AT). 
venture (v.): A, Trans: |. 
To expose to risk: périclitor, 1 (rare in 


| this sense): we must not v. the safety of 


the state, non est salus periclitanda rei 


publicae, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11: V. TO RISK, | 


ENDANGER. Phr.: with the words given 
in preced. art.: to v. one’s safety, in peri- 
culum se committere, id. Inv. 2, 8, 27, 
Jin.: tov. one’s life, periculum idire capi- 
tis, id. Rose. Am. 38, 110: fo v. al/, dare 
summam rerum in aleam, Liv. 42, 59, ud 
jin.: to v, one’s safety, se in aleam tanti 
casus dare, id. 42, 50: to v. the issue, rem 
in casum dare, Tac. A. 12, 14: ving a 
stake, posito pignore, Ov. A. A. 1, 168: 
they are ready to v. any wager, quovis 
pignore contendunt, Cat. 44, 4: Vv. TO 
HAZARD, RISK: to v. one’s hear, pericli- 
tari capite, Mart. 6, 26,1: v. ILl.: to v, 
one’s fortunes, de fortunis dimicare, Cic. 
Sest. 1, 1. ||. To undertake what is 
1, audeo, ausus, 
2 (to dare): what emboldens him to ». 
this? qua audacié tantum facinus a.? 
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 37: to v. a battle, a, 
aciem, Tac. A. 12, 28: Liv.: Caes.; 
with inf., he never v.d to hope, nun- 
quam est ausus optare, Cic. Mani. 
init. 2. conor, 1 (to at- 
tempt): to v. so great an undertaking, 


TrMPT. 8, tento,1 (to put to the test): 
to v. the fortune of war, t. fortunam 
belli, Caes. B. G. 1, 36: for other ex- 
amples of constr. y. Dr. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 


1, venti- | 


VERANDAH 


4, periclitor, 1 ((o make triak of. 


| Joined with tentare: to v, the fortune of 











war, belli fortunam tentare a 


Verr. 5, 50, 132. § ae 


expérior, 4 (to 


| try, prove): to v. everything, e. omnia, 


Per. Andr. 2, 1, 11. B. Intrans.: & 
encounter risk : ], audeo, ausus, 2; 
it is more dangerous to be detected than 
to v., periculosius est deprehendi quam 
a., ‘lac. Agr. 15, fin. 2. cinor, 1: 
bold in v.ing, audax ad conandum, Liv. 
45, 23. 3. periclitor (to be in peril, 
will often expr. phrases coming in Eng- 
lish under I.): that the lives of the 
Gauls might be v.d rather than those of 
the legionaries, ut potius Galloram vita 


| quam legionarium p., Caes. B. G. 6, 34, 


Jjin.: vy. I. phr.: v. also TO DARE, TO 
ZNCOUNTER (L1.). 

venturesome: |. Of persons: 
ready to encounter risk: 1. audax, 


acis (bold, more freq. in bad sense): 
with gen.: of v. soul, a. ingenii, Stat. S. 
3, 2, 64: with inf, a. omnia perpeti, 
Hor, Od.. i, 3), 25: 2. audens (bold, 
mostly in good sense): Tac.: Virg. 
3. témérarius (rash, freq. in bad 
sense): v. and ignorant persons, hom- 
ines t. et imperiti, Caes. B. G. 6, 20. 
Join: temerarius and audax, Cic. Inv 
I, 3, 4. Il. Of things: involving 
risk : 1, audax, ficis: a v. plan, a. 
consilium, Liv. 25, 38, ad med. 2. 
témérarius: a v. plan, t. consilium, 
Planc. in Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 2: this is v 
conduct, ea sunt t., Cic. Caecin. 12, 34. 
8. périciilisus (dangerous). 4. 
dibius (difficult, dangerous). §, an- 
ceps (critical, dangerous): ¥. DANGEK- 
ous. 
venturesomely : 1, audaciter 
(older form): Liv. Q, audacter: Cic.: 
Liv.: ¥. BOLDLY. 3, témére: Cic.° 
Liv.: Caes.: Vv. RASHLY. 
venturesomeness: 1, audicia 
V. BOLDNESS. Q. téméritas: v. RASH- 


NESS. 

venturous; audax: v. VENTURE- 
SOME. 

venturously: audacter: v. VEN- 
TURESOMELY. 

venturousness: audiicia: v. veN- 


TURESOMENESS. 
venue: in law, a place where an 
action islaid: |, In Engl. law : * vici- 
netum, visnetum, vicinitas: Du Cange. 
II. In class. Lat.: 1, perh. fdrum 
(a court-district): the states who be- 
longed to that v., civitates quae in id f. 
convenirent, Cic. Verr. 2, 15, 38: beyond 
his own v., extra suum f., ib. 3, 15, 38. 
9. conventus (an assize-circuit or 
district, v. Smith’s Ant. 357): Plin. 3, 
1, 3, etc: 
veracious : 1, vérus (true, in 
the sense of truth-speaking: rare): am 
I v.? sum v.? Ter. Andr. 2, 5, 12° of 
an oracular response, v. oraculum, Cic. 
Div. 2, 56, 116. v. TRUE. 9. vérax, 
acis: a v. oracle, v. oraculum, ib. 1, 
19, 38: Plaut.: Hor.: why should J 
consider Herodotus more v. than En- 
nius? Herodotnm cur veraciorem du- 
cam Ennio? Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116. 3. 
véridicus (rare): v. words, Vv. voces, 
ib. 1, 45, 101: Lucr.: Mart 4, perb. 
léctiples, étis (¢rustirorthy, of witnesses), 
5, sanctus (of witnesses, evidence, 
etc.) : V. TRUSTWORTHY, CREDIBLE. 
veraciously : 1, véré (truly): 
Cie.: I speal most v., verissime loquor, 
id. Att. 5,21,7. 2, vériiclter; Plaut 
ace. to Prisc.: Aug. 3, véridicé: 
Amm.: Aug. 
veracity: 1, véritas (truth): ». 
of oracles, oraculorum v., Cic. Div, 1, 19. 
37: of witnesses, id. Leg. .4.5,.4: VW 
TRUTH. 9, fides (good faith, con- 
sctentiousness : defined as dictorum con- 
ventorumque constantia et veritas, ML. 
Off. 1, 7, 23): of witnesses: id. Font. 6, 
23. 3, religio (relligio) (scrupulous- 
ness, conscientjousness): you will gee 
with what v, the witnesses give evidence, 
intelligetis qua r. dicant, id. Flacc. 4, 
10. Join: fides et religio, id. Rose 
Com. 15, 45: id. Font. 6, 23. 
verandah: 1, subdiale (in ye. 
gis 


VER 


VERGE 





open galleries or terraces): Plin. 36, 25, 
62: Tert. 2, podium (a balcony): 
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 22: Vitr. 

verb: verbum: Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191: 
active v.s, verba agentia, Gell. : v. activa, 
Charis.: Prisc.: neuter v.s, Vv. neutra, 
id.- passive v.s, Vv. patiendi, Quint.: v. 
passiva, Charis.; Diomed.: Prisc. 

verbal: f, By word of mouth, 
oral: Phr.: I have given him more 
». than written instructions, plura illi 
mandata verbo quam scriptura dedimus, 
Plane. ad Coss. in Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 5: 
you gave v. testimony to your feelings, 
vocem vivam prae vobis indicem volun- 
tatum tulistis, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4 (so viva 
vox is used by Quint. and Sen.): all 
disputes will be settled by a v, interview, 
fore, ut per colloquia omnes contro- 
versiae componantur, Caes, B. C. 1, 9, 
jin.: let everything else be kept for v. 
communication, caetera praesenti ser- 
moni reserventur, Cic. é 2s NS! or 

||. Dealing with words rather than 

things: Pbhr.: with verbum (in pl.): 
the straits of v. subtleties, istae verborum 
angustiae, Cic. Caec. 29, 843; a dispute 
of v. distinctions, disceptationis res, Liv. 
21, 19, init.: if we are to make the facts 
depend on v. distinctions, si ad v. rem 
deflectere velimus, Cic. Caec. 18, 51: he 
judges by a v. standard, omnia v. mo- 
mentis examinat, id. Rep. 3, 8,12: a mere 
». critic, auceps syllabarum (* verbo- 
rum), id. de Or.1,55,236. |||, Word for 
word, literal: Phr.; with verbum : 
Latin plays which are a v. translation 
from the Greek, fabellae Latinae ad v. 
de Graecis expressae, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4: 
that would be a v. translation, id. v. 
esset e v., id. Tusc. 3, 4,7: he has given 
a v. translation, v. de v. expressum ex- 
tulit, Ter. Ad. prol. 11: to give @ v. 
translation, v. pro v. reddere, Cic, Opt. 
Gen. 5, 14: v. v. reddere, Hor. A. P. 133: 
I have given a v. translation from 
Dicaearchus, totidem verbis a Dicaearcho 
transtuli, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3. 

verbally: |. By word of mouth : 
per colloquia: to treat v. concerning 
peace, per c. de pace agere, Caes. B. C. 
3, 18, fim.: Ve VERBAL [I.}. — |, Word 
for word: ad verbum, e verbo, etc.: v. 
VERBAL [III.}. 

verbatim: tétidem verbis : Cic. Att. 
2, 6, 3: V. VERBAL [III.}. 

verbena: 1, verbenaca (vervain): 
Plin. Q, * verbena officinalis: Linn. 

verbiage; verba (pl.): this is mere 
v. and nonsense, V. sunt atque ineptiae, 
Cic. Pis. 27, 65: V. VERBOSITY. 

verbose: 1, verbosus: @ v. pre- 
tence of foresight, v. simulatio pruden- 
tiae, Cic. Mur. 14, 30: a v. letter, v. epi- 
stola, Juv. 10, 71: in comp. Cic.: sup. 
Quint.: v. GARRULOUS. 2, copidsus 
(in good sense): v. COPIOUS, FERTILE, 
ELOQUENT. 

verbosely : 1, verbdsé: Cic. 
Mur. 12, 26: verbosius, id. Fam. 4, 3, 5: 
V. GARRULOUSLY.  Q, copidse (in good 
sense): c, et abundanter loqui, id. de 
Or. 2, 35, 151: V. FULLY, ELOQUENTLY, 

verboseness: V- foll. art. 

verbosity: 1, verbdsitas: Prud.. 
Symm. Q, léquacitas: v. TALKATIVE- 
NEss, LoQuAcITy. Phr.: with verbum 
(in pl.): what is so insane as mere un- 
meaning v. 2? quid est tam furiosum quam 
verborum sonitus inanis nulla subjecta 
sententia? Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 51: such v., 
tanta turba v., ib. 3, 13, 50: wnmeaning 
»., inanis v. volubilitas, ib. I, 5,197: in- 
anium v. flumen, id. N. D. 2, 1, 1: in- 
anium vy. torrens, Quint. I0, 7, 23: de- 
terrima v. colluvio, Gell.: inanis quae- 
dam profluentia loquendi, Cic, Part. 23, 
81. 

verdancy; Viriditas: v. VERDURE. 

verdant: 1, viridis (green, fresh): 
walking on @ v. bank, in v. ripa iname 
bulantes, Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15: land is 
clothed with v. grass, V. se gramine ves- 
tit, Virg. G. 2, 219. 9. virens: v. ivy, 
hedera v., Hor. Od. 1, 25, 17: Virg. 

3, viridans: on a v. bed of grass, 
vy. toro herbae, Virg. Aen. 5, 388. 4, 
herbosus pr aae)s v. pastures, h, pas- 
or 








VERSATILE 





cua, Ov. M. 2, 689 Virg.: Hor.; v. 
GRASSY, 5, frondens (leafy): v. 
groves, f. nemora, Virg. Aen, 1, 191: V. 
LEAFY. 6, florens: v. BLOOMING. 
Somewhat v., subviridis (of leaves), Plin. 
To be v., Vireo, 2: verno, Lt: te become v., 
viresco, 3: to become v. again, réviresco, 
tui, 3, Tac.: Ov. 
verdict: |. The decision of a jury 
or court: 1, sententia (the v. of an 
individual judex, also the decision of a 
court): (he said) that he should give a 
v. of guilty, sua illum s. condemnatum 
iri, Cic, Clu. 26, 72: that slave is ac- 
quitted by an unanimous v., servus ille 
omnibus s. absolvitur, id. Verr. 4, 45, 
100: Cato pronounced the v. of the 
court, Cato s. dixit, id. Off. 3,16, 66: you 
will give your v., s. vos feretis, id. Verr. 
4; 47, 104. Q. jadicium (the decision 
of a court): Cic, Clu. 28, 76: ib. 37, 103: 
Vv. JUDGMENT. 3, res judicata: you 
whose case rested on the v.s of the courts, 
tu cujus accusatio rebus judicatis niti 
videbatur, Cic. Clu. 41, 114: V. DECISION. 
Phr.: to pronounce a v., pronuntio, 1 
(with or without sententiam) : Cic. Fin. 2, 
12, 37: id. Off. 3,16,66: juidico, 1: v. To 
JUDGE, DECIDE: to give u v. of acquittal, 
absolvo, vi, titum, 3: v. TO AcQuiT: to 
give a v. of guilty, condemno, 1: v. TO 
CONDEMN: they gave a v. of not proven, 
sibi non liquere dixerunt, id. Clu. 28, 76: 
the consuls gave their v. in favour of 
the Buthrotians, consules secundum 
Buthrotios decreverunt, id, Capit. post 
Att. 16, 16,2: he who is to give a v. in 
our favour, is qui nobis causam adjudi- 
caturus sit, id. de Or. 2, 29, 129: v. TO 
AWARD: his v. will be that Alexandria 
does not belong to the Roman people, 
Alexandriam a populo Rom. abjudicabit, 
Cic. Agr. 2,16, 43: v. art. judex, Smith’s 
Ant. Il. Transf.: opinion, judg- 
ment:  ], sententia: Vv. OPINION. Q, 
jtidicium: v. DECISION, JUDGMENT. 
verdigris: 1, aerugo: Plin. 34, 
11,26. Q. aeriica: Vitr. 3, *aerugo 
aeris: Chem. 
verdure: 1. viriditas: the sprout- 
ing v., herbescens v., Cic. Sen. 15, 51: 
pratorum v., ib. 16, 57- 2. viridia 
(pl., green shrubs, etc.): Plin.: Vitr. 
Phr.: the v. with which the banks are 
clothed, viridissimi riparum vestitus, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98: to be clothed with 
v., Vireo, 2: V. VERDANT. 
verge (subs.): ,Lit.: 1, margo, 
inis: of a fountain, Ov. M. 3, 162: Juv. 
3,19: at the empire’s extremest v., in im- 
perii m., Ov. Tr. 2, 200: V. EDGE, BRINK, 
2. ora (border, edge): of a shield, 
Virg. Aen. 10, 243: Lucr.: the v. of the 
universe, extrema o. mundi, Cic. N. D. 
2, 40, Io. 8. finis: v. BOUNDARY, 
LIMIT. ll. Fig. Phr.: he ts on the 
»v. of madness, assidet insano, Hor. Ep. 
1, 5.14: he had brought the state to the 
v. of ruin, prope totam rem publicam 
in praeceps dederat, Liv. 24, 24, ad fin. : 
to restore @ sick person from the v. of 
death, aegrum ex praecipiti levare, 
Hor. S. 2, 3, 292: éo be on the v. of ruin, 
extrema tegula (Lips. regula) stare, Sen. 
Ep. 12, 4: on the v. of despair, in exe 
trema spe salutis, Caes. B. G. 2, 29: so 
much on the v. of death, tam capularis, 
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 33. Wl. 4 vod of 
office: may be expr. by fasces, pl. : or 
vindicta, festiica (the 10d of manu- 
mission): V. ROD. 
verge (.): |. To inchne, slope: 
1. vergo, 3: the hill v.d towards 
the river, collis ad flumen v., Caes. B. G. 
2, 18, tmit.: Cic. 9, inclino, 1 (with 
pron. reflect., pass., or neut.) : when day 
was v.ing towards afternoon, inclinato 
in postmeridianum tempus die, Cic. Tusc, 
3, 2,7: the sun v.d downwards, sol se i., 
Liv. 9, 32: soli, Juv. 3, 316: V. TOSLOPE, 
Il. Fig.: to incline, tend: vergo, 
3 now that his life was v.ing to tts 
close, vergente jam senecta, Tac. A. 4, 
41: suam aetatem vergere, ib. 2, 43: v. 
TO TEND. Phr.: the science of dialectic 
v.s upon eloquence, dialectorum scientia 
vicina et finitissima eloquentiae, Cic. Or. 
32, 113, v.ing closely upon truth, prox- 





ima veris, Hor. A. P. 338: to v. upon, 
may be expr. by non multum distare, 
differre, diversum esse, etc, : v. TO BOR- 
DEK UPON. 

verger : perh. lictor (the magistra‘e's 
attendant): or apparitor (a@ public ser- 
vant, gen. term). 

verification: |. Confirmation by 
argument or evidence: Phr.: in v, of 
this, ad hoc demonstrandum, proban- 
dum: Vv, CONFIRMATION, PROOF. iL. 
Testing and approval: perh, probatio- 
V. EXAMINATION, : 

verify : |. To confirm as true: 
probo, I: Vv. TO CONFIRM, PROVE. Pbr. : 
would I could v. his expectations, utinam 
spem impleverim, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 3: 
so, explere spem, Just.: do we wonder 
that our dreams ave sometimes v.’d ? 
miramur aliquando id quod somniarimus 
evadere? Cic. Div. 2, 59,121: so, verum 
evadere, ib. 2, 53, 108: the predictions 
of the soothsayers were not v.'d, respons>. 
haruspicum exitus habuerunt contrarios, 
ib. 2, 24,52: how seldom ave their pre- 
dictions v/d, quota enim quaeque res 
evenit praedicta ab istis? ib, 2, 24, 52. 

|]. Zo examine and approve: probo, 

I: V. TO EXAMINE, 


verily : 1, certé: v. ASSUREDLY, 
TRULY. Q, prdfecto: v. SURELY, CER- 
TAINLY. 3, né (nai, = vai, vn), (by 


Cic. used only before prons., ego, tu, illi, 
etc.: esp. in oaths): verily you have 
bought a fine place, medius fidius ne tu 
emisti locum praeclarum, Cic. Att. 4, 
46, 2: Plaut. 

verisimilar: véri similis (also 
written as one word): v. PROBABLE. 

verisimilitude: véri similitiido 
(also written as one word): vy. PROBA- 
BILITY. 

veritable: vérus: v,. TRUE. 

veritably ; véro: v. TRULY. 

verity: veritas: v. TRUTH. 

vermiculated; vermiculatus (arch. 
of work inlaid so as to resemble the 
tracks of worms): Lucil. in Cie. Or. 44, 
149: Plin. 

vermilion (subs.) : 1, minium 
(native cinnabar): Prop. 2, 3,11. 2, 
perh, cinnabaris (more prob, dragon’s 
blood, a resinous substance of a red- 
brown colour): Plin. A v. mine, mi- 
niaria (or, -um), miniarium metallum, 
Plin. 

vermilion (adj.)° 1, minianus 
(coloured with v.): m. Jupiter, Cic. Fani. 
Q, 16, 8. 2. miniatilus: a v. pencil 
mark, m. cerula, Cic. Att. 16, 11,1. 8, 
miniatus: m. cerula, Cic. Att. 15, 14, 4: 
of a parrot, Plin. 10, 42, 58. 4, mi- 
niaceus: Vitr.: v. RED. 

vermilion (v.): minio, 4: Plin.: v. 
TO PAINT, COLOUR. 

vermin: perh. bestidlae mdlestae 
(molestus is used of mice infesting a 
house, Phaedr, 1, 22, 3): different sorts 
of v., variae pestes, Virg. G. I, 181: 
quae plurima terrae monstra ferunt, ib. 
185: cf. the passage, for particular kinds 
of vermin. 

vernacular (subs.): sermo patrius: 
v. foll. art. 

vernacular (adj.): 1, verna- 
ctilus (home-born: no good authority 
for applying it to language): our »v. 
pleasantry, v. festivitas G.e, native): 
Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: v. words, v. vocabula, 
Varr. 9, patrius: our v. tongue, p. 
sermo, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4: the poverty of 
our v. tongue, p. sermonis egestas, Lucr. 
I, 832. 98, nostras, atis: our v. words, 
n. verba, Cic. Fam. 2, 11, 1. 4, may 
be expr. by noster, vester, etc.: v. OUR, 
Your, ete. 

vernal: vernus: the v. season, ¥. 
tempus, Cic. Sen. 19, 70: the v. equinon, 
v. aequinoctium, Liv. 33, 3. 

veronica: *veronica: Linn. 

verrucose (having warts): verri- 
cdsus: Aur Vict.: Cic. Brut. 14, 57 (a 
name given to Q. Fabius Maximus). 

versatile: |. Lit.: versatilis, e: 
Plin.: Lucr.: Sen. v. CHANGEABLE. 
MOVEABLE, VARIABLE. Il. Fig. 
variable, unsteady : 1. versatilis: v, 
Fortune, vy. fortuna, Curt. 5, 8, jim. : Sen 


She 





VERSATILITY 





Q, varius: v. CHANGEABLE, VARI- | 
ABLE. II]. Of the mind: changing 
with ease from one thing to another: 

1, versatilis: his v. genius, v. in- 
genium, Liv. 39,40. Q, varius: Plato 
was v., Plato v, et multiplex fuit, Cic. 
Acad. 1,4,17. 3, modbilis,e- of quicle 
and v. mind, ingenio veloci ac m., Quint. 
6, 4, 8. 
ACTIVE. 

versatility: |. Lit.: 
Dilitas. ag’ 


BLENESS, QUICKNESS. ll. Fig.: mo- 
bilitas: v. CHANGZABLENESS, VARIABLE- 
NESS. 


II]. Of the mind: perh. 1, | 
Agilitas: v. of character, a, naturae, Cic. 
Att. 1, 17, 4 (i. e. quickness, suscepti- 
rility). QQ, céléritas: v. of genius, c. 
animorum, Cic. Sen. 21, 78 (i. e. quick- 


ness of apprehension). Phr.: may be 
expr. by adj.: v. of genius, ingenium 
versatile, Liv.: v. preced. art. 
verse: {. A metrical line: 1, 
versus, fis (prop. any line): all his vs 
are beautiful and polished, omnes apud 
hunc ornati elaboratique sunt v., Cic. Or. 
11, 36: more than four heroic v.s, plus 
quatuor herois v., id. Leg. 2, 27, 68: 
I said that his v.s ran rudely, incom- 
posito dixi pede currere versus, Hor. S. 
I,10,1. Q, versiciilus: more polished 
and smoother v.s, v. magis facti et mol- 
lius euntes, Hor. S. 1, 10, 58: Cic.: @ set 
*f two, four, verses, distichon, tetra- 
stichon: Mart.: Quint. Phr.: contented 
with merely writing v.s which can be 
scanned, pedibus quid claudere senis, 
hoc tantum contentus, Hor. S. 1, 10, 59: 
Vv. TO VERSIFY. I]. Poetry: ib 
versus: when he had betaken himself to 
v., quum se mente ac voluntate con- 
jecisset in v., Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 194: in 
pl., from Greek v., ex v. Graecis, id. 
Arch. 10, 23. 2. niimérus (in pl.): 
I delight in writino v., numeris nec- 
tere verba juvat, Ov. Pont. 4, 2, 30. 
8, carmen (esp. Lyric or epic rerse) : 
you delight in v., c. tu gaudes, Hor. Ep. 
2, 2, 59: to write v. c. condere, id. S. 
2; 1,82. Il]. 4 short section: perh. 
membrum : Vv. CLAUSE, SECTION. 
versed: 1. versatus (concerned) : 
men v.d in the vicissitudes of state 
affairs, viri in rerum publicarum va- 
rietate v., Cic. Rep. 3, 3, 4. Jo be vd, 
versor, I: V OCCUPY. 9. exercitus 
(rare): vd in military matters, e. mi- 
litia, Tac. A. 3,20. Zo be v.d, exerceor, 2. 
3, exercitatus (freq.): im which he 
ts v.d, in quibus versatus e.que sit, 
Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 110: Caes.: who ts better 
vd (in state matters)? quis exerci- 
tatior? Cic. Phil. 6, 6, 17: thoroughly 
vd in naval matters, in maritimis rebus 
exercitatissimi, id. Manil. 18, 55: Caes. 
4, volitatus (rare): in whom 
(writers) J see that you are well v.d, 
in quibus te video v., Cic. Q. F. 2, 13, 4. 
5. péritus, non impéritus: v. PRAC- 
TISED, SKILLED, EXPERIENCED. 6. 
doctus, instructus, ériiditus: v. LEARNED. 
7. perfectus (thoroughly v.d): were 
v.d in Stoic lore, p. in literis Stoicis, 
Cic. Brut. 30, 114. 8. contritus (in 
bad pene ae v.d in the law courts, 
Cc. regiam . concitus ad rixam 
Cic. Caec. 5, 14. s 
versicle: versiciilus: v. VERSE. 
versification: versificadtio: Quint. 
4,116. The art of v.: perb. poetica 
-ce): Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: *ars versus 
aciendi, scribendi. Acquainted with the 
laws of v., metricus, Gell. 
versifier: versificator: Quint. 10, 
’ 
versify : A. Trans.: 1, versi- 
fico, (toexpress in v.): Apul.: v.’d, ver- 
sificatus : Lucil. in Non. 2. perh. 
versu incliido, si, sum, 3: Cic. de Or. 3, 
48, 184. B. Intrans.,: 1, ver- 
sifico, 1: Quint. 2. versus facio, 
scribo, condo, diico, pango, etc.: v. TO 
compose. Phr.; to v., verba includere 
versu, Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 184: I like to v., 
me pedibus delectat claudere verba, Hor. | 
S. 2, 1, 28. to v. extempore, versus fun- 
dere ex tempore, Cic, de Or. 3, 50, 194. 
version: {, Abstr: translatio: 


VERY 





Quint. Phr.: may be expr. by verb: 
if I were to give a literal v., si plane 
verterem, Cic. Fin. 1, 3,7: ¥ TO TBRANS- 
LATE. {. Concr.: Phr: av of 
Aratus’ poems, Arati carmina conversa, 
Cic, N. D. 2, 41, 104: a literal Latin v. 
of Greek plays, fabellae Latinae ad ver- 
bum de Graecis expressae, id. Fin. 1, 2, 4: 
I cannot find a literal Latin v., ad ver- 
bum (quid) Latine translataum non in- 
venio, Quint. 7, 4, 4: V. TO TRANSLATE. 
vertebra : 1, vertebra (gen. a 
joint, Plin.: Sen.): the spine is com- 
posed of four and twenty v.8, spina con- 
stat ex v. quatuor et viginti, Cels. 8, 1. 
2. spondylus (sphond.) (= orovév- 
Aos): Plin. 29, 4, 20. 
vertebral: perh. vertebratus (with 
joints): of bones, Plin. 11, 37,67. The v. 
column, spina, Virg.: Plin.: Cels. 
vertebrated: perh. vertebratus 
(jointed): Plin.: v. preced. art. 
vertex: vertex (vor.): v. SUMMIT, 
TOP. 


vertical : 1, rectus (straight) : 
v. cliffs, r. saxa, Liv. 21, 36. Q, di- 
rectus (straight, perpendicular): he 
constructed a trench with v. sides, fos- 
sam d. lateribus duxit, Caes. B. G. 4, 72. 
Phr.: A», line, perpendicilum: Cic. : 
linea: Cic.: cathétus (xa@eros): Vitr. : 
Vv. PLUMMET: V. foll. art. 

vertically : 1, recté (straight): 
if atoms shall move v. by their own 
weight, si atomi suo nutu r. ferentur, 
Cic. Fin.1,6,20. 2, directo (straight): 
(the atom) moves v. downwards, 4. 
deorsum fertur, id. N. D. 1, 25, 69. 

8. e régidne (from straight oppo- 
site): if all things moved v. downwards, 
si omnia deorsum e r. ferrentur, id. 
Fin. 1, 6, 19° Luer. 4, ad lineam, 
recta linea (according to plumb-line): 
his view is that they move v. downwards, 
censet deorsum ferri ad L, id. Fin. 1, 6, 
18: these elements fly v. upwards, hae 
partes rectis lineis in coelestem locum 
subvolant, id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40: this 
regim is v. under the lion, linea rectum 
mundi ferit illa leonem, Lucan 10, 306. 
5, ad perpendiciilum : beams stand- 

ing v., tigna directa ad p., Caes. B. G. 
407: J 

vertiginous : 
23, 2, 28. 

vertigo: vertigo: Liv. 44, 6 (swim- 
ming of the head on a precipice): to 
suffer from v., v. laborare, Plin. 23, 1. 

vervain: 1, verbénaca: Plin. 25, 
9, 59- 9. *verbéna officinalis: Linn. 

very (adj.): 1. vérus (true): 
V. TRUE, REAL. 2, germanus (ge- 
muine): I know that I have been a 
v. donkey, scio me g. asinum fuisse, 
Cic. Att. 4, 5, 3- 8. ipse (ipsus) (sel/, 
same): at that v. hour, ea i, hora, Cic. 
Fam. 7, 23, 4: superl., are you the man 
himself? His v. self, ergo ipsus es? 
ipsissimus, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2,146. Phr.: 
expr. by superl., etc.: I speak in v. 
truth, verissime loquor, Cic. Att. 5, 21,7: 
unless you were the vest fool, nisi sis 
stultior stultissimo, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 26: 
v. UTTER. At this v. moment, nunc 
quum maxime, Cie. Clu. 5, 12: Tac. H. 
4, 58: Ter. Andr. 5, 1, 4: at the v. 
moment when he was speaking, quam 
maxime loqueretur, Cic. Verr. 5, 54, 
142. 

cory (adv.) : A. Expr. by adv. l. 
With adj. etc.: 1, maximé (in the 
highest degree): (i.) with adj: dis- 
tricts v. rich in corn, loca m. frumen- 
taria, Caes. B. G. 1, 10: v. eager for 
war, m. omnium belli avida, Liv, 23, 
49: for other forms of expr. v. Dr. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. (ii.) With verbs: in 
this legion he placed v. great trust, huic 
legioni confidebat m., Caes. B. G. 1, 
40: V. GREATLY. 2, summé (in the 
highest degree): (i.) with adj.: v. 
pleasant, s. jucundum, Cic. Fam. 13, 
18, 2. (ii.) with verbs: which always 
causes me v. great anziety, quod me 
sollicitare s. solet, id. de Or. 2, 72, 295: 
Vv. GREATLY. 8. vald@ (strongly): 
(i.) with adj.: v. lenient magistrates, 
magistratus v- lenes, Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 66. 


vertiginosus: Plin. 


VERY 





| (ii) with adv.: to speak vo. strongly 
jand freely, v. vebementer et libere 
| dicere, id. Att. 14, 1, 2. (iii) with 
verbs: V. STRONGLY, GREATLY. 4. 
admédum (in proper measure): (i.) 
| with adj.: v. unpolished, a. impolita, 
| Cic. Brut, 85, 294. esp. with words 
denoting age: when Crassus was v. 
young, Crassus quum esset a. adolescens, 
id. Off. 2, 13, 47. (ii) with verbs: 
your letter gave me v. great pleasure, me 
literae tuae a, delectarunt, id. Fam. 5, 
19, 2. 5, satis (sit) (sufficiently) : 
(i) with adj,: v. much remaing, s 
multa restant, Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71. 
(ii.) with adverbs: not v. honourably, 
non s. honeste, id. Am. 16, 57. (iii.) 
| with verbs: J know v. well, 8. scio, 
Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 37: ¥. ENOUGH, WELL 
6. béne (right): (1) with adj. : 
| a v. strong band, b. magna caterva, Cic, 
| Mur. 33, 69. (ii.) with adv.: he got oe, 
deep in his cmfidence, b. penitus ve in 
istius familiaritatem dedit, id. Verr. 2, 
70, 169; v. early, b. mane, id. Att. 4, 9 
2, fin. "J, probe (well, in the conver- 
sational style of comedy): (1) with 
adj.: he is v. like you, tui similis est p., 
Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 18. (ii) with verbs: 
to deceive v. thoroughly, p. decipere, 
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 268: ty are v. wrong, 
errant p., ib. 3, 3, 20. 8. perquam : 


(i.) with adj. or adv.: I touched on v. 
briefly, p. breviter perstrinxi, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 49, 201. (ii.) with verbs: J 


should v. much like to know, p. scire 
velim, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 1- , sane 
(welt, truly): (i.) with adj.: he sets 
Jorth a v. long speech, explicat ora- 
tionem s. longam, Cie. Agr. 2, 5, 13. 
(ii.) with adv.: v. well cultivated, 
s. bene culta, id. Quint. 3, 12 (iii) 
Strengthened with quam (v. much, ex- 
ceedingly): with adj., adc., and verle 
in a v. short time, s. quam brevi, id. 
Leg. 2,10,23. 10, impensé (earnestly, 
greatly) : (i.) with adj. (rare): v. wicked, 
i. improbus, Plaut. Epid. 4, 1, 39. (ii.) 
with verbs: Vv. VEHEMENTLY. u 
miré, mirifice, mirum quantum: v. 
MARVELLOUSLY, 12. apprime, in pri- 
mis, etc.: v. ESPECIALLY. 13. per- 
fecié (completely): v. learned, p. pla- 
neque eruditus, Cic. Brut. 81, 282: ¥. 
FULLY, COMPLETELY. 14. égrégié 
(eminently): a v. brave and good 
general, e. fortis et bonus imperator, 
id. de Or. 2, 66, 268. 15. oppido 
(i.) with adj. or adv.: v, conveniently, 
0. opportune Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 24: Cic.: 
oppido quam Liv. (il) with verbs: 
they are v. different, 0. inter se differunt, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 10, 33. 16. pliné: v. 
QUITE. 17, véhémenter (ardently): 
(i.) with adj.: which are v. important, 
quae sunt gravia v., Cic. Clu. 24, 64 
om with verbs: etc. v. angry, V. irata, 
laut. Truc. 2. 6, J ask v. earnestly, 
v. rogo, Cic. Att. 16, 16 D. I], With 
comp., etc., and words implying supe- 
rioriiy or difference: v. far, ete. 
multo: v. much fewer, mM. pauciores, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11: placing virtue v. 
much before everything, virtatem omni- 
bus rebus m. anteponentes, id. Fin. 
4, 18, 51: v. differently : m. secus, 
id. Fam. 4, 9,2. 2, multum: he will 
v. far surpass all, m. omnes SupeT- 
abit, id. Verr. 5, 44, 115: with comp, 
poet. Plaut.; Juv, 3. longé «. su- 
perior, 1. melior, Virg. Aen. 9, 556: v 
much the first, 1. princeps, Cic. Fam. 
13, 13: my principle was v. different, 
mea longissime ratio abhorrebat, id. Verr. 
2, 4,10. Join; Land multum, ib. 5, 
44.015: Vv. FAR. — [I], With negatives: 
J, non ita, hand ita: not v. long 
afterwards, non i, multo post, Cic, Caec, 
6, 17: not v. much corn, baud i, multam 
frumenti, Liv. 4, 12. 9. baud siné, 
non sane: not v. long since, baud s. diu, 
Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 44. Join 1 and 2: 
not v. old, non ita sane vetus, Cic, a 
I I. . With verbs or part: 
aglaw h: ri Mises the words of whico 
instances are given under I,): 7 
magnodpéré . (old age) is not v. desirous 
of pleasures, voluptates nullas m. desb 
qu? 


0 


7 


VESICLE 


VEXATIOUS 


VICINAGE 





derat, Cic. Sen. 13, 44: Superl.: I asic 
you . anxiously, a te maximopere peto, 
id. Fam. 3, 2, 1. 9, summdpére : id. 
Inv. 1, 18, 26: Lucr. 3. graviter 
(with words expressing suffering, anger, 
etc., deeply): to be v. ill, g. aegrotare, 
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 32: v. angry, g. iratus, 
Ter: Hees 4, 45) 2. 4, eximie: he 
loved him v. much, e. dilexit, Cic. Arch. 
9, 20: a v. much decorated temple, e. 
ornatum templum, Liv. 25, 40. Phr.: 
you are v. wrong, tota erras via, Ter. 
Eun. 2, 2, 14: they are v. wrong, procul 
errant, Sall. Jug. 89, ad jfin.: expr. by 
Superl.: av. great man, vir maximus : 
in a v. great degree, Maxime. ‘ 
Expr. by words the composition of which 
denotes superiority, etc.: av. great man, 
vir egregius, eximius, etc. C. Expr. 
by prefix: 1, per: very few, per- 
pauci: zt is v. pleasing, perplacet. 2, 
prae: v. hard, praedirus. 8./-ve 
(usu. in neg. sense): not v. large, ve- 
grandis: v. pale, vepailidus: v. Dr. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. 4. dis (with 
verbs): to praise v. highly, dilaudo, 
I, Cic.: to be v. eager, discupio, 3, Coel. 
in Cic. Fam.: Plaut. 
vesicle:. 1, vésica (a blister): 
Plin. 20, 6, 23. 2. vesiciila (of a 
seed-pod): Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33. 
vesicular: vésiciilosus: Coel. Aurel. 
vesper: |. The evening star: 
1, vesper, Gris and eri: v. kindles 
her flame, v. accendit lumina, Virg. G. 
1, 251: Hor.: Plin. Q, hespérus (-os): 
CicseN Di 2; e20531:0 Wie. 3. ves- 
périgo: Plaut.: Vitr. I]. Hvening: 
vesper: V. EVENING. 
vessel: |. A receptacle: vas, 
vasis, n. : silver v.s, v. argentea, Her. S. 2, 
27,72. Asmall v.: vasciilum: Quint. : 
Plaut.: Cato: v. JAR, PITCHER, etc. A 
maker of v.s: vascilarius, Cic. Verr. 4, 
24, 54. Il. 4 ship: navis: v. sHrp. 
II]. 4 6lood-vessel: artéria, vena: 
Vv. VEIN, ete. 
vest (subs.): [. perh. tiinica (an 
under-guiment: v. Smith’s Ant.): v. 
GARMENT. 4A flannel v., subuculae thorax 
laneus, worn in winter, Suet. Aug. 82. 
|]. Gen.: vestis: v. GARMENT, 
vest (v.): |, Zo clothe: vestio, 4: 
v. TO CLOTHE. |]. To invest: to v 
any one with authority, magistratum 
or imperium deferre alicui: v. TO IN- 
VEST. 
vestal (subs.): virgo vestalis: Cic.: 
jv.: vestalis: Liv.: Ov. 
vestal (adj.): perh. castus: v. PURE, 
CHASTE. 
vested: perh. certus: to maintain 
his v. interests, certissimum jus obtin- 
ere, Cic. Caecin. 4, to: deprived of his 
v. rights, certa re et possessione detur- 
datus, id. Fam, 12, 25, 2. 
vestibule: 1, vestibilum (the 
enclosed space between the street and 
front door, v. Smith’s Ant. 427): Cic. 
Caecin. 12, 35. 2. aditus (entrance) : 
joined with vestibulum, Cic. Caecin. 12, 
35: V. ENTRANCE. 8, procoeton 
(= pokotwv, an ante-room to a bed- 
chamber): Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10. 
vestige: 1, vestigium (/foot- 
print): we have no v. of dignity left, 
ne v. quidem ullum est reliquum nobis 
dignitatis, Cic. Fam. 4, 14, I. 9. 
indicium (proof, token): joined with 
vestigium: v.s of poison, i. et vestigia 
veneni, Cic. Clu. Io, 30. nota 
(mark, token): joined with vestigium : 
v.s of their crimes, n. et vestigia sceler- 
um, Cic, Verr. 2,47, 115. 4, signum: 
V. SIGN, TOKEN. _ 9, réliquiae (rare): 
V. REMNANT. 


vestment; vestimentum: Cic.: v. 
GARMENT, 
vestry: 1, vestiarium (a ward- 


robe): Plin. 15, 8, 8. 2. perh. sacra- 
rium (@ room in which sacred things 
are deposited): Ulp. Dig.: Serv. on 
Virg. Aen. 12, 199. 


vesture; vestis: v. DRESS, GAR- 
MENT. 
vetch: vicia: Plin.- Virg.: Varr.: 


& sieve for v.s, cribrum viciarium, Col. 8, 
5, »: stalks of v.s, vicialia, id. 6, 30, 5. 
gi8 


veteran (swbs.) : I. Gen: 
térator, Gris: a v. in private cases, in 


privatis causis satis v., Cic. Brut. 48, | 


178. Il. Esp.: a v. soldier: 1. 
vétéranus (miles): the v.s, veterani, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 24: Cie. Phil. 11, 14, 3. 
2. éméritus (one who served his 
time): Tac. A. 1, 28. To be a v., sti- 
pendia emereri, Cic. Sen. 14, 49. 
veteran (adj.): ], vétéranus: 
v. soldiers, v. milites, Cic. Phil. 3, 2, 3: 
v. legions, legiones v., Caes. B. (x. I, 24. 
9, vétus, Gris: the v. ruler, v. reg- 
nandi, Tac. A. 6, 44: the v. soldiers, 
veteres militiae,id. H. 4, 20: v. OLD, EX- 
PERIENCED. 
veterinary: vétérinarius: the v. 
art, v. medicina, Col. 7, 3, 16: a@ v. sur- 
geon, veterinarius (sc. medicus), id. 7, 5, 
14: @ v. school, * v. schola. 
veto (subs.): intercessio (a tribune’s 
protest): Caes, B. C. 1, 7: Vv. PROTEST. 
veto (v.): intercedo, cessi, cessum, 
3: wishing to v. the bill, quum i. vellent 
rogationi, Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 197: v. TO 
PROTEST, FORBID. One who v.s, inter- 
cessor: he promised to v. tne law, legi i. 
fore professus est, id. Sull. 23, 65: i. 
legis, Liv. 4, 53. 
vex: |. To disturb, trouble: iB 
vexo, I: Vv. TO TROUBLE, HARASS. DB 
sollicito, I: v. TO DISTURB, MOLEST. t 
Fig.: to disturb, trouble: 1, vexo, 
1: to v. with reproaches and abuse, v. 
probris maledictisque, Cic. Flac. 20, 48: 
Vv. TO ASSAIL, ANNOY. 9, sollicito, r: 
many things v. me, multa sunt quae me 
s. anguntque, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 1, fim.: v. 
TO TROUBLE, DISTRESS, ANNOY. a 
offendo, di, sum, 3: Vv. TO DISPLEASE. 
4, pungo, piipigi, punctum, 3 (to 
mortify): that letter so v.’d me that IT 
could not sleep, epistola illa ita me pu- 
pugit, ut somnum mihi ademerit, Cic. 
Att. 2, 16, 1. 5, mordeo, 2: your 
letters v.’d me greatly, valde me mo- 
morderunt epistolae tuae, Cic. Att. 13, 
¥2,1: Vv. TO HURT. 6. commoveo, 2: 
Vv. TO PROVOKE, DISTURB. Phr.: he 
rather amuses me than v.s me, mihi ri- 
sum magis quam stomachum movere 
solet, Cic. Att. 6,3, 7: stomachum facere, 
ib. 5, 11, 2: he was greatly v.'d, exarsit 
iracundia ac stomacho, id. Verr. 2, 20, 
48: V. ANGER, INDIGNATION: this v.s me, 
bilem id commovet, ib. 2,9, 2: V. WRATH: 
something v.s me, nescio quid meo ani- 
mo est aegre, Plaut. Mer. 2, 3, 35: this 
v.s the man, hoc male babet virum, Ter. 
Andr. 2, 6, 5: Tam very much vd, mo- 
lestissime fero, Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 5. To be 
v.'d: indignor, 1, stémachor, 1, Irascor, 
3, succenseo, 2: V. TO BE ANGRY: 
laboro, 1, afflictor, 1: V. TO BE ANXIOUS, 
TROUBLED: gravor,t (to be wearied, dis- 
tressed): ddleo, 2 (to be distressed, in- 
dignant): that which vd Alcibiades, 
illud quod Alcibiades dolebat, Cic. Tusc. 
3, 32, 78. Imp.: piget: my brother 
v.s me, p. me fratris, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 37- 
vexation: 1, stémachus (dis- 
pleasure, indignation): v. preced. art.: 
Phr. 2. indignatio: v. INDIGNATION. 
Slight v., indignatiunctila, Plin. Ep. 
8. Ira: Vv. ANGER. 4, dolor, doris 
(distress, indignation, resentment) : Cic. 
Tusc. 4, 8, 18: Cato is moved by v. at 
his rejection, Catonem incitat d. re- 
pulsae, Caes. B.C. 1, 4: 1 am ready to 
burst with v., dirumpor d., Cic. Att. 7, 
12,3. §, aegrittido (sickness of heart) : 
Cie; Tuse® 3 8i10;)22- 6. molestia: 
without v. to you, sine m. tua, Cic. Fam. 
13, 23, 2: do not cause me v., noli mihi 
m. exhibere, ib. 12, 30,1. 7%, offensio: 
they cause me more v., mibi majori o. 
sunt, Cic. Att. 13, 23, 2: slight v., 
offensiunctila, id. Fam. 13, I, 4: v. 
OFFENCE, 
vexatious: _ 1. gravis, e (offensive, 
of persons and things): @ v. burden, g. 
onus, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, If2: Vv. BURDEN- 
SOME. 2. molestus (troublesome) : a 
v. post, provincia m., id. Mur. 8, 18. 
3, Odidsus (tiresome, of persons and 
things): a v. class of people, o. genus 
hominum, id, Am, 20, 71. Join: o. et 
molestus, gravis et molestus: Cic. 


ve- | 


_vexatiously ; molesté (in an offen- 
sive manner): Cat.: Quint. 

vial: 1, phidla (a flat vessel, 
saucer): of the v.s in the Apocalypse, 
Hier, Q, laigunciila (@ small bottle, 
lagena): Plin. ip.: v. FLASK, BOTTLE. 

viand: cibus: v, FOOD, 

Viaticum: viaticum: Cic. Sen. 18. 

6: Liv.: Plaut. 

Vibrate: |. A, Trans; 1, 
vibro, 1: Vv. TO SHAKE, BRANDISH. By 
torqueo, 25 Vv. TO TWIST, WHIRL. Il. 

B, [ntrans.: J, vibro, 1: with 
v.ing tongue, of a serpent, vibrans lingua, 
Lucr. 3,657. Fig.: of language, hurled 
with vigour, oratio vibrans, Cic. Brut. 


95, 326. 9, trémo, ui, 3: v. TO TREM- 
BLE, QUIVER, 
_ Vibration: _ |. vibratio (brandish- 


ing): Fest.: Calpurn. in Vopise. Il. 
Neut.: vibratus (quivering): v. of 
light, v. luminis, Mart. Cap. 8, 300; v. 
QUIVERING, TREMBLING, MOTION. 

vicar: |. A substitute, q. v. Il. 
As an ecclesiastical ¢. t.: vicarius, M. L. 

vicarage: |. The benefice: v. 
BENFFICE. I. The residence : * vicarii 
aedes s. domicilium. 

Vicarious: vicarius: the v. honesty 
of friends, v. fides amicorum, Cic. Rose. 
Am. 38, 111. For @ ». agent, v. sUB- 
STITUTE. 

vicariously ; may be expr. by, pro 
(with abl.) s. loco (with gen.). 

vicarship; * vicarii munus. 

vice: |. The principle or dispo- 
sition : 1, vitidsitas, atis: v. is the 
epposite of virtue, virtutis contraria est 
v., Cic. Tuse. 4, 15, 34: cf. ib. 4, 13, 29. 

2, vitium (opp. virtus: rare in this 
sense): to every virtue there ts opposed 
by a contrary name a v., omni virtuti 
v. contrario nomine opponitur, id. Fin. 
3, 12,40. 3. pravitas, atis (with some 
other word): p. animi, Cic.: p. morum, 
Tac. H. 4,44. 4, turpitido: v. BasE- 
NESS, MEANNESS, 5, libido, etc.: v. 
LICENTIOUSNESS (II.), WANTONNESS: Vv. 
also WICKEDNESS. I]. The act: 1, 
flagitium (a shameful deed): to become 
addicted to so many v.s, in tot flagitia 
se ingurgitare, Cic. Pis. 18, 42: what v. 
has your whole body been free from? 
quod f. a toto corpore abfuit? id. Cat. 1, 
6,13: debaucheries and adulteries and 
every such v., stupra et adulteria et 
omne tale f., id. de Sen. 12, 40, 2. 
vitium (prop., a flaw, defect: not so 
strong as preced.): as rewards are fixed 
Sor virtues by the laws, so are punish- 
ments for v.s, legibus et praemia pro- 
posita sunt virtutibus et supplicia vitiis, 
id. de Or. 1, 58, 247 (cf. virtus est vitium 
fugere, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 41): the vs of 
gluitony and drunkenness, v. ventris et 
gutturis, Cic. Coel. 19, 44: polluted with 
v.s and crimes, vitiis et sceleribus con- 
taminatus, id. de Consol. 6 (Fragm. No. 
240, Nobbe): to be implicated in v.s, 
Vitiis affinem esse, id. Inv. 2, 10, 33: to 
Jjlee from v.s, a vitiis se abstinere, id. 
cf. declinare vitia, id. Off. 1, 6, 19: ¥. 
also FAULT. 8, libido, inis, f. (usu. in 
pl.): to give oneself up to v.s, libidinibus 
se dedere, id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72. 

vice (an instrument): perh. *forceps 
cochleatus (or cochleata): *rétinacilum 
(Georg.). 

—-admiral: classis subpraefec- 
tus, Inscr. (Quich.). 

—— -chamberlain: perh. *cubi- 
cularii vicarius: * qui cubicularii vice 
fungitur. 

— -chancellor: *cancellarii vi- 
carius : *procancellarius (Georg.): *vice= 
cancellarius (Ainsw.), 

-gerent: V. REPRESENTATIVE 
(subs.), DEPUTY, SUBSTITUTE (subs.). 

—— -president: *praesidis vicarius. 

viceroy ; subrégilus (a petty prince, 
subject to another): Amm. 14, 12, ad 
med, : perh, too *regis vicarius (Georg.), 

vicinage, vicinity: vicinitas, vi- 
cinia, etC.: V. NEIGHBOURHOOD. Phr, 
I shall sojourn in this v., circum haec 
loca commorabor, Cic. Att. 3, 17, 2: 
cities in the v. of Capua, urbes quaé 
circum Capuam sunt, id. Agr. 1, 7, 20. 








VIcIOovUsS 


vicious: |. Addicted to vice: 
]. flagitiosus: they ave v. who with 
inflamed mind covet the pleasures of 
sexual love, f. sunt qui venereas volup- 
tates inflammato animo concupiscunt, 
Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68, Also, opp. mo- 
destus, id, Am. 13, 47: Vv. also PRO- 
FLIGATE. 2, vitidsus (net so strong 
as preced.: prop. faulty, defective): if 
those who attended the lectures of philo- 
sophers were lilely to leave them v., 8i 
qui audierunt (philosophos), v. essent 
discessuri, Cic. N. D. 3, 31,77: ef. Hor. 
Od. 3, 6, 48. Join: v, et flagitiosa vita, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93. 3, perditus, profli- 
gatus: vV. PROFLIGATE (adj.), UNPRIN- 
CIPLED. 4, pravus, corruptus: v. 
DEPRAVED. 5. néquam (indecl.) : 
Hor. Od. 3, 6, 47: Vv. GOOD-FOR-NOTHING. 
6, scélestus, scélératus: v. WICKED. 
7. turpis, e: V. DISGRACEFUL, SHAME- 
Fut. Phr.: a very v. life, vita vitiis 
flagitiisque omnibus dedita, Cic. Rosc. 
Am. 13, 38 cf. vitiis, flagitiis, sceleri- 
bus obrutus (Georg.): to lead a v. life, 
impure ae flagitiose vivere, Cic. Fin. 3, 
Il, 38: a v. disposition, animus libidini 
deditus, Cic. Coel. 19, 45: v. expressions, 
turpiter et flagitiose dicta, id. de Or. 1, 
53, 227. (For a v. act, v. vice (I1.).] 
I. Faulty: q.v. — [I, Of a horse, 
refractory: q. V.: contiimax,. 
viciously : 1, flagitidse: Cic. 
s.: V. also vicrous (1, Phr.), PRO- 
FLIGATELY. 9, turpiter: v. BASELY. 
8. scélesté, scélérate : v. WICKEDLY. 
(For v. inclined, v. vicious. } 
viciousness : V. VICE (1). 
Vicissitude: 1. vicis (gen.: nom. 
sing. not found), vicem, vice: pl. vices 
(nom. and acc.), vicibus, f.: such v.s 
has the state of mortals, habet has v. 
conditio mortalium, Plin. Pan. 5, jfin.: 
y. also MUTABILITY. 2. vicissitiido 
(like preced.): v.s of fortune, fortunae 
vicissitudines, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 4: cf. 
omnium rerum est v., Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 45- 
8, variétas (rare in this sense): @ 
war involved by sea and land in many 
av. bellum in multa v. terra marique 
veisatuin, Cic. Arch. 9, 21: v.s of the 
times, varietates temporum, id. Fam. 5, 
12, 4: cf. Tac. A. 2, 37, med.: quum 
videamus tot varietates tam volubili 
orbe circumagi, Plin. Ep. 4, 24, jin.: 
v. alsO FICKLENESS, CHANGE (subs.). 
4, incertum: the vs of war, incerta 
belli, Liv. 30, z, med.: cf. incerta for- 
tunae, Plin. Ep. 3, 19, ad med. Phr.: 
the vs (lit. revolutions) of the lot of 
man, sortis humanae volumina, Plin. 
1, 45, 46, 6147: Tam myself an example 
of the v.s of fortune, equidem quam ver- 
sabilis fortuna sit, documentum  ipse 
sum, Curt. 5, 8, ad jfin.: the vs of 
human. affairs, res humanae fluxae et 
mobiles, Sall. J. 104: the v.s of jortune, 
eventus varii fortunae, Caes. B G 2, 22: 
cf. vaga volubilisque fortuna, Cic. Mil. 
26, 69: the v.s of life, varia vitae com- 
mutabilisque ratio, ib. 
vicissitudinous: ¢.g. v. fortune, 
Vv. VICISSITUDE. 
victim : 1, victima: to slay vs, 
caedere v., Liv. 45, 7, init.: Cic. Att. 1, 
13, 1: Hor. Od. 3, 23, 12: the v. slain 
yave a favourable omen, v. caesa litavit, 
Suet. Oth. 8, fin.: cf. Mart. 10, 73, 6: 
to sacrifice human vs, pro victimis 
homines immolare, Caes. B. G. 6, 16, 
post init. Fig.: to offer oneself as a 
v. to the state, se v. reipublicae praebere, 
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61: shall I be the deceived 
v. of a deceiver ? Vv. deceptus decipientis 
ero? Ov. Am. 3, }, 22. 2. hostia: 
with what v.s sacrifice should be offered, 
and to what god, to whom with larger 
v.8, to whom with smaller (lit. suckling), 
quibus hostiis immolandum cuique deo, 
cui majoribus, cui Jactentibus, Cic. Leg. 
2, 12, 29: often a very favourable omen 
ts given by the next v., proxima hostia 
(abl.) litatur saepe pulcerrime, id. liv. 
2, 15, 36: the Gauls pollute the altars 
with human v.s, (Galli) humanis h. aras 
funestant, id. Font. te, 30: ef. Tac. G. g. 
8. pidcilum (an expiatory v.): 
bring blacie cattle, let those be the first 








VICTORY 


VICTORY 





v.s, duc nigras pecudes, ea prima p.— 
sunto, Virg. Aen. 6, 153. Fig.: p.ruptl 
foederis (of Hannibal), Liv. 21, to, ad jin. 
Phr.: to be a v. to tie flames of envy, 
invidiae incendio conflagrure, Cic. Cat. 
1, 11, 29: to full u v. lo disease, morbo 
mori, Nep.. cf. morbo obire, Plin.; Liv.: 
to be a v. to a legal decision, Judicio cir- 
cumveniri, Cic. Brut. 12, 48: must I be 
made a v. to your folly? men’ piacu- 
larem oportet fieri ob stultitiam tuam ? 
Pl. Epid. 1, 2, 36: we were the first v., 
hoc nobis primis accidit, Cic. [To be a 
v. to, may also be expr. by pati (with 
acc.); opprimi, cadere, perire (all with 
abl.), For to make a v, of, v. TO CHEAT: 
to offer up as @ v., V. TO SACRIFICE. } 
victimize (collogq.): v.10 CHEAT, 
victor (swbs.): 1, victor, f. vic- 
trix: a tax which v.s upon vanquished 
are accustomed to impose, stipendium 
quod y. victis imponere consuescunt, 
cf. Caes. B.G. 1, 44, ad init.: Pl. Ampb. 
I, 1, 33: to leave the field as v., v. dis- 
cecdere, Caes. B. C. 3, 47, Jin.: cf. v. ab 
hoste discedere, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 37: 
palm-branches given to vs (in the 
games), palmae v. datae, Liv. 10, 47, 
med.: an Olympian v., Olympiae v. 
(=’Odvumcovixns), Nep. praef. 5 (vy. also 
infr.): Y. also CONQUEROR. 2, palma 
(rare in this sense: only poet.): Diores, 
third v., tertia palma D., Virg. Aen. 5, 
339: cf. Sil. 16, 503. Phr.: to be v. 
over, vincere, devincere, superare, etc. 
(v. TO CONQUER): the Pompeians consi- 
dered themselves already v.s, Pompeiani 
vicisse jam sibi videbantur (Georg.): 
to return to Rome as v. over the Volsct, 
victoriam ex Volscis Romam referre, 
Liv. 4, 10, post init.: Love is my v., de 
me triumphat Amor, Prop. 2, 9, 24 (8, 
40): should Turnus have proved v., si 
victoria Turno cesserit, Virg. A. 12, 183: 
a gladiator who has been often v., pluri- 
marum palmarum gladiator, Cic. Rose. 
Am. 6,17: to bean Olympian v., vincere 
Olympia, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 5, 14: ci 
magna coronari Olympia, Hor. Ep. 1, 
I, 50. 
victor (adj.): Pope: “the vetor 
Greeks”: v. VICTORIOUS. 
victorine: V. TIPPET. 
victorious: 1, victor, f. victrix 
(as adj.): av. army, V. exercitus, Caes. 
B. G. 7, 20, fin.: v. Greeks, v. Graii, 
Ov. M. 13, 413: v. Athens, victrices 
Athenae, Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116: v. aims, 
victricia arma, Virg. Aen. 3, 54: v. ships, 
victrices rates, Ov. M. 15, 754. 9. si- 
périor: so that our men were v. in all 
quarters, ita ut nostri omnibus partibus 
superiores fuerint, Caes. B.G. 5, 15: to 
come off v., s. discedere, id. B.C. 1, 47. 
May also be expr. by verb (v. TO CON- 
QUER, VANQUISH, ROUT). 
victoriously: usu. in phr.: to fight 
v. (= to gain a victory). Phr.: victo- 
riam consequi s. adipisci (v. VICTORY : 
TO CONQUER): to traverse the world v., 
omnes gentes cum victoria peragrare, 
Cic. Balb. 6,16: he will drive his chariot 
v., Victor aget currum, Virg. A. 6, 838. 
victory: |. mwar: 1, victoria: 
a bloodless v., v. incruenta, Sall. Cat. 61, 
ad med.: a bloody v., v. non incruenta, 
Liv. 7, 8, jfin.: a brilliant v., v. prae- 
clara, Nep. Timol. 2, med.: cf. v. glo- 
riosa, Cic. Coel. 7, 18: a civil v. (or a v. 
in civil war), v. civilis, Sall. J. 95, fin. : 
Cic. Deiot. 33: (cf. v. civilibus bellis, id. 
Fam. 4, 4, 2): @ complete v., justa V., 1b. 
2, 10, 3: acruel v., v. crudelis, ib. 4, 9, 
3: a decisive v., V. explorata, Caes. B. G. 
7, 52, med.: a double v., geminata v., 
Liv. 1, 25, post med.: a doubtful v., v. 
dubia, ib. 7, 80, ad fin.: to come off with 
a doubtful v. (or with the v. undecided) 
pari proeli» discedere, Nep. Them. 3, 
post med. (cf. aequo proelio discederetur, 
Caes. B. C. 3, 112, med.: aequo Marte 
discessum est, Liv. 2, 40, extr.: bellum 
ancipiti Marte gestum, Liv. 7, 29): an 
easy v., Vv. expedita, Caes, B.C. 3, 70, fin. : 
ef. v. incruenta, Sall. Cat. 61, ad med. : 
v. facilis, Liv. 7, 29: @ very melancholy 
®., V. acerbissima, Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1: 
a naval v., v. navalis, Cic. Div. 1, 34,75: 














a noble v., egregia v., Liv. 2,47, post med. : 
to gain a v., V. VICTORY, TO GAIN: & 
have the v. in one’s hands, v. in manibus 
habere, Liv. 30, 30, post init.: the v. as 
it were slipped out of his hands, quodame 
mode v, excidit ¢ manibus, Cic. Ep. ad 
Brut. 1, 10, 2: to Jorego certain v., ¥. 
exploratam dimittere, Caes. B. G. 7, §2, 
med. : to follow upu v., a ¥. nibil cessare, 
cf. Liv. 34, 16, post init.: to make use of 
av. (i.e. lo turn it to account), v. exer- 
cere, Liv. 2, 53, ad fin. (cf. utrique vic- 
toriam crudeliter exercebant, Sall. C. 38, 
extr.: id. J. 16, ad med.: Liv. 6, 22, 
med.) : to wrest the v. out of one's hands, 
v. € manibus eripere, based on Sall. J. 
82, ad fin.: to raise a shout of v., Vv. 
conclamare, Caes. B. G. 5, 37, med.: to 
procluim v. by rumour and despatches, 
fama ac literis v. concelebrare, Caes. B.C. 
3, 72, extr.: Ue v. cost the Carthaginians 
much blood, multo sanguine Voenis v. 
Stetit, Liv. 23, 30, ad init. : (of the gods) 
to grant v., v. dare, Liv. 30, 30 (cf. belli 
secundos exitus reddere, Hor. Od. 4, 14, 
38). [Also expr. by victus: ¢ g. in 
consequence of the v. over them, ex victis 
illis (Georg.): to boast of a v. over some 
one, aliquo victo gloriari (id.): after the 
v. over Darius, post Darium victum (id.) 
Q. triumphus: she left to his a 
league the prospects of a v. over the Bott, 
Boiorum triumpbi spem collegae reli- 
quit, Liv. 33, 37, ad fin.: to gainar 
over the fleet of the Roman people, de 
classe populi Romani triumphum agere, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 39, 100. cf. t. ex Etruria 
agere, Liv.6,7, postmed. 3, trOpaeum: 
av.wuhich may vie with the v. at Ma- 
rathon, victoria quae cum Marathonio 
possit comparari tropaeo, Nep. Ihem. 5: 
cf. Hor. Od. 2,9, 19. 4, succersus, fs, 
m. (poet.: rare): the dread goddess re- 


Fuses v., Successum dea dira negat, Virg. 


Aen. 12, g12: v. success. Phr.: & 
yield the v., manus dare, Nep. Hamile. 1, 
post med.: cf. dede manus, Lucr. 2, 1041. 
I]. Im rivalry or contest : 1, vic- 
toria: v. in suits, v. litium, Plin. 29, 3, 
12, § 54: the v. was in the hands of the 
senate, v. penes patres fuit, Liv. 4, 50. 
9, triumphus; so that they consi- 
dered your rejectwon (as a candidate) 
their v., ut repulsam tuam triumphum 
suum duxerint, Cic. Vat. 16, 39. 3. 
palma: the reward of the Olympian v., 
Olympiacae praemia palmae, Virg. G. 3, 
49: so great was our striving for the v. 
(in our studies), ea nobis ingens palmae 
contentio, Quint. 1, 2,24. Phr.: t yield 
the v. (i.e. to own oneself oer 
herbam dare s. porrigere: vy. Forcell. 
s. v. berba, and Plin. 22, 4, 4, § 8: 
nor strive I for v., neque vincere certo, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 194. 
1, expr. 
bey vie- 


victory, to gain a: 
over: 

toria with verb: ¢ g. victoria potiri, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 24: Victoriam consequi, 
Cic. Coel. 7, 18: victoriam adipisci, Suet. 
Aug. 16, med.: victoriam patrare, cf. 
Tac. A. 13, 41: to gain @ v. over one, 
ab aliquo victoriam reportare, Cic. Manil. 
3, 8 (cf. triumphum deportare, id. OM 1, 
22, 78): ex aliquo victoriam ferre, Liv, 
8, 8, extr.: v. ex aliquo referre, id. 4, 10, 
post init. 9. vinco, vici, victum, 3 
to gain a splendid v. over one, aliquem 
egregie vincere, Liv. 21, 40, init. Fig.. 
the opinion which, etc.,.... gained the 
v., Vicit sententia quae, ete, cf. Liv. 2, 4 
¥. TO CONQUER. 3, silptro, 1: v. TO 
OVERCOME. Phr.: he who has gained 
the v., victoriae compos, Vell. 1, 1c, ad 
med, (v. also vicToR): fo gain the v., 
rem obtinere, Caes. B. G, 7, 85: of. supe- 
riorem esse s, discedere (v. VICTORIOUS, 
2): he had gained an easy v., rem le- 
viter sine cruore gesserat, Plin. (Quich.). 
Fig.: to gain a v. over one’s passions, 
domitas habere libidines, Cic. de Or, 1, 
43. 194, fin. : cf coercere omnes cupi- 
ditates, ib.: cupiditatibus imperare, id. 
Am. 22, 82 (¥. also TO CONTROL). 

victory, memorial of: tropaeum . 
Vv. TROPHY. 

—, news of: literae victrices, Cic. 
Att. 5, 21, 2: tabellae victrices, Ov Am 

919 











VICTORY 





VIEW 





I, It, 25: laureatae literae (so called 
because bowad up with bay-leaves), Liv. 
5, 28, extr.: also, laureata, absol., Tac. 
Agr. 18, fin. 

victory, ornaments of ; ornamenta 
triumphalia, Suet. Aug. 38, init.: v. 
Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v. triumphalis, and 
art. TRIUMPHAL. 

——, songs of: épinicia (= émuikva), 
Suet. Ner. 43, extr. 

Victress (rare: Shakesp.): victrix, 
icis, f.: V. VICTOR. 

victual (v.): Phr.: tov. an army, 
exercitui rem frumentariam providere, 
based on Caes. B.G. 5, 8: to v. some one, 
rem frumentariam alicui suppeditare, 
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2 (cf. cibos suppeditare, id. 
Leg. 2, 27,67): to v. a town, commeatus 
in oppidum importare, based on Caes. 
B.C. 3, 40, post med.: cf. frumentum in 
oppidum supportare, Hirt. B.G. 8, 35: 
to v. well, sustinere commeatus (to keep 
up the supply of provisions), Caes. 

Victualler; caupo, Gnis: Cic.: Hor. : 
v. INN-KEEPER. 


victualling-house: 1, caupona: 
v. INN. popina: v. EATING- 
HOUSE. 

—-officer: 1, perh. rei fru- 


mentariae praefectus (@ superintendent 
of corn), Tac. A. 11, 31. 9. frament- 
arius (a purveyor of corn): Hirt. B. G. 
8, 35: v. also COMMISSARIAT (I.). 
victuals: jl. cibaria, orum: 
cooked v., cocta c., Liv. 3,27, ad med.: 
y. also PROVISIONS. 9. cibus: v. 
FOOD. 8. esca (in pl.): the gods feed 
on neither v. nor drink, dii nec escis aut 
potionibus vescuntur, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 
59. 4, pénus, us and i, m. and /., 
also penum, i, and penus, Oris, n.: that 
v. ave wine and wheat, etc., penum esse 
vinum et triticum, etc., Gell. 4, 1, post | 
init.: but v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
5, édilia, ium and iorum: v. EaT- 
ABLE. 6. victus, commeatus: v. 
provisions. Phr.: broken v., reliquiae 
(v. LEAVINGS). [For to supply with v., 
Vv. TO VICTUAL.] 
vie with: 1. certo, 1: it remains 
that we v. with one another in (doing) 
kind services, reliquum est ut officiis 
certemus inter nos, Cic, Fam. 7, 31, 1: 
citizens were v.ing with citizens in 
virtue, cives cum civibus de virtute c., 
Sall. C.g9. Also in poet. with dat. (in- 
stead of cum): Amyntas alone v.s with 
you, solus tibi certat A., Virg. E. 5, 8 
(cf. certent et cycnis ululae, ib. 8, 55): 
v.also TO CONTEND(I.). Also of things: 
the (olive-) berry (of Hymettus) v.s with 
the green (one of ) Venafrum, viridi c, 
bacca Venafro, Hor. Od. 2, 6, 15. a 
contendo, di, tum, 3: (that) obscurity 
was v.ing with rank in respect of great- 
ness, humilitatem cum dignitate de am- 
plitudine contendere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 
136: v. also TO CONTEND (L., 1.). a 
aemiilor, 1 (for constr, v. TO RIVAL): to 
v. with Pindar, Pindarum aemulari, 
Hor. (v. TO RIVAL): to v. with the virtue 
of ancestors, virtutem majorum a., Tac. 
Agr. 15. Also of things: the Basilican 
grapes v. with the Alban wine, (Basilicae 
uvae) Albanum vinum a., Plin. 14, 2, 4, 
§ 30. 4. prdvoco, t (prop. to chal- 





lenge): to v. with old men in virtue, 
senes p. virtute, Plin. Ep. 2, 7, med.: 
that painting v.d with nature itself, ea 
pictura naturam ipsam provocavit, Plin. 
35, 10, 36, 16, § 94. Of things: the vast 
side of the circus v.s with the magni- 
Jicence of temples, immensum latus circi 
templorum pulcritudinem p., Plin. Pan. 
51, med. Plir.: one who v.s with an- 
other, aemulus (Vv. RIVAL, subs.): all v. 
(with one another) in loving me, omnes 
certatim me amant, Plin, Ep. 2, 9, ad 
med.: the comrades v. (with one another) 
in striking the sea (i. e. in rowing), cer- 
tatim socii feriunt mare, Virg. Aen. 5, 
778 (cf. ingenti certamine concitant 
remos, Curt. 9, 4: Virg. Aen. §, 197): 
where the honey v.s with (that of) Hy- 
mettus, ubi non Hymetto mella deced- 
unt, Hor. Od. 2, 6, 15: v. also TO EQUAL. 

view (subs.): |. he power or 
act of seeing: 1. aspectus, Us: | 

g20 


nature has made the eyes moveable so 
that they might with ease turn their v. 
whither they would, oculos fecit (natura) 
mobiles ut aspectum, quo vellent, facile 
converterent, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142: at 
the first v., primo aspectu, ib. 2, 35, ac. 
Also in pl. (poet.): sic orsus Apollo 
mortales medio aspectus sermone reli- 
quit, Virg. Aen. y, 657 (654). 2. con- 
spectus, tis: almost in v. of our 
army, paene in c. exercitus nostri, Caes. 
B. G. 1, 11: to enjoy a v, of the city, 
conspectu urbis frui, Cic. Sull. 9, 26: he 
descries no ship in v., navem in c. nul- 
lam prospicit, Virg. Aen. 1, 184. Fig.: 
to place in the mind’s v., ponere in c. 
animi, Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 161. Join: 
conspectus et cognitio naturae, id. Leg. 
I, 23,61 (v. surVEyY). Also in sense of 
a short v. (or sketch, like Gr. odvowis) 
Gell. 17, 21, init. 3. prospectus, us 
(to be used cautiously): v. PROSPECT. 
4, transpectus, ts (rare) : since 

the door affords an open v. through it, 
janua quum per se t. praebet apertum, 
Lucr. 4, 273 (271). 5, Octilus: he 
vanished from their v., ex oculis evanuit, 
Virg. Aen. 9g, 655. 6, cies, ei, f: 
such subtlety as to elude the v., tanta 
tenuitas ut aciem fugiat, Cic.: v. EYE 
subs., 3): v. also LOOK (swbs.), GAZE 

ee and for fig. sense, v. CONSIDERA- 
TIon (1.). Special Phr.: (i) field 
or range of v.: as far as the field of v. 
extended, quo longissime conspectum 
oculi ferebant, Liv. 1, 18: ef. qua longis- 
sime prospectari poterat, ‘lac. A. 3, 1: 
v. PROSPECT (I.), RANGE (subs., 1V.), 
SCOPE, SCENERY. (ii.) point of v.: locus 
late prospectans, Tac. H. 3, 60, ad init. : 
perh., too, *locus unde prospectus s, de- 
spectus est (based on Caes. B. G. 7, 79, 
erat ex oppido Alesia despectus in cam- 
pum),Georg. Fig.: this ismy point of 
v., Sic hoc mihi videtur, Cic.: to regard 
a thing from a right point of v., vere s. 
recte judicare de aliqua re, id.: to regard 
a thing from a wrong (or mistalen) 
point of v., aliquid fallacibus jndiciis 
videre, id. (iii.) @ bird's-eye v.: to 


take a bird's-eye v. of a city, * omnem | 


urbem sub uno aspectu despicere: he 
takes possession of a mountain’s lofty 
summit to get a bird's-eye v. sitting, 
montis sublime cacumen occupat, unde 
sedens partes speculetur in omnes, Ov, 
M. 1, 667. Fig.: so that by chronology 
I get a bird's-eye v. of all, ut, explicatis 
ordinibus temporum, uno in conspectu 
omnia videam, cf. Cic. Brut. 4, 15: cf. 
brevi in conspectu poni, id. Leg. 3, 5, 12 
(v. also TO GLANCE, IIL). (iv.) to be in 
v.: the enemy was in v., hostis in con- 
spectu erat, cf. Gell. 1, 11, med.: cf. 
cujus prope in conspectu Aegyptus est, 
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5: esse in prospectu, 
Caes. B.G. 5, 10: v. also VISIBLE (TO BF). 
(v.) to expose to v.: (1.) propono, pésui, 
positum, 3: p. vexillum, Caes. B. G. 2, 
20: p. argentum, Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161 - 
p. in medio, id. Verr. 1. 11, 29. (2.) 
propalam colléco: tabulas et signa pro- 
palam c., Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161: v. also 
TO DISPLAY, TO SHOW. (vi.) to be ex- 
posed to v.: spectaculo esse, Cie. Att. 
10, 2, 2: she herself sitting exposed to 
(public) v., spectaculum ipsa sedens, 
Prop. 5 (4), 8, 21: the tablets are ex- 
posed to v., tabulae sunt in medio, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 42, 104. (vii.) to come into v.: 
cadere in conspectum, Cic. Tuse. 1, 22, 
50: sub oculos cadere, id. Or. 3, 9: cf. 
dare se in conspectum alicui, Ter. Ph. 

I, 31: alicui in conspectum prodire, 
ib. 2, 4, 3. venire in conspectum ali- 
cujus, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24: v. also TO AP- 
PEAR. (viii.) to disappear from v.: 
Vv. TO DISAPPEAR, VANISH. (ix.) to ob- 
struct @ v.: prospectum prohibere, Sall. 
J. 53, init. : prospectum impedire, based 
on Caes. B. G. 2, 22. (x.) to command 
a v.: the town Alesia commanded a v. 
into the plain, erat ex oppido Alesia de- 
spectus in campum, Caes. B. G. 7, 79: 
v. also TO COMMAND (IIL.). Expr. also 
by prospicio, prospecto (v. PROSPECT, 
L., med., aspect, IIL.): specto, aspecto 
(v. TO LOOK TOWARDS). (Xi.) im v.: V. 





VIEW 





VISIBLE: im one’s v., in ore atque in 
oculis alicujus, Cic. Verr. 2, 33, 81: 
riches, honour, glory, ave placed in v., 
divitiae, decus, gloria, in oculis sita 
sunt, Sall. C. 20, fin.: in v. of their own 
men, praeter ora suorum, Tac. H. 4, 30: 
cf. ante ora parentum (Virg.): (v. also 
SIGHT, PRESENCE): im public v., palam, 
Aperté, propalam (v. OPENLY): cf. in 
luce (v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. lux). 
(xii.) to take @ v. of. expr. by verbs 
given under TO VIEW, q. Vv. (xiii.) to 
keep in v., Custodio, tueor (v. TO GUARD, 
WATCH): spécilor, etc. (v. TO OBSERVE): 
subsé€quor, proséquor (v. TO FOLLOW 
uP): to keep silver-piaie in v., nusquam 
ab argento digitum discsdere, Cic. Verr. 
4, 15, 33 (also ellipt. without discedere, 
in fig. sense: ab honestissima sententia 
digitum nusquam, Cic. Att. 7, 3, If): 
(Caesar) wanted to keep the Helvaii in 
v., discedere nolebat (ab Helvetiis), Caes. 
B. G. 1, 16: (of a speaker), to keep 
the argument constantly in v., * argu- 
mentum orationis summa constantia 
persequi (Georg.), opp. aberrare a pro- 
posito, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83. I. Zhe v. 
presented or general aspect: spécies, 
facies, aspectus: Vv. APPEARANCE (II1.), 
AspecT (I.): spectacttlum (Vv. SIGHT, 
SPECTACLE). ||], A picture of scenery: 
v. LANDSCAPE (iL). Phr. (fig.): as we 
design to give a v. of Epaminondas’s 
way and manner of life, quum expri- 
mere imaginem consuetudinis atque 
vitae velimus Epaminondae, Nep. Epam. 
rs IV. Mental survey, opinion, judg- 
ment: sententia, etc. (Vv. OPINION, JUDG- 
MENT, ILI.): a speculative v., ratio (v. 
THEORY): @ superficial v., disputatiun- 
cula inanis, Sen. Ep. 119, post med.: v 
also DOcTRINE. Special Phr,: (i.) 
to or in one’s v., expr. (1.) by judicium: 
e. g. tomy v. at least: meo quidem 
judicio, Cic. (2.) by a simple dat.: e.g. 
uf they wanted to be cleared from blame 
in his (Caesar’s) v. (or eyes), si sibi 
purgati esse vellent, Caes. B. G. 1, 28, 
init. (ii.) to take or entertain a v.: 
often expr. by sentire (with an ex- 
planatory word): £0 entertain one and 
the same v., unum atque idem sentire, 
Cic.: who entertained most noble and 
generous v.s respecting the state, qui de 
republica praeclara atque egregia sen- 
tirent, Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 5: to entertain vs 
hostile to the state, contra rempublicam 
sentire, Cic.: but v. also OPINION. 
(1, phr.). Also expr. by videtur with 
dat.: e. g. this is the v. I take, hoc mihi 
videtur (with acc. and inf.), Cic.: dif= 
Serent people entertain different v.s of 
the honourable and the base, non eadem 
omnibus sunt honesta atque turpia 
(Quich.): v. also TO THINK, TO JUDGE. 
V. End in v., design: propdsitum, 
consilium, etc. (V. PURPOSE, subs.). 
Expr. also by periphrasis of such verbs 
as volo, specto, peto, sequor, valeo, with 
id, quod, quid, and other pronouns: v. 
PURPOSE (subs., 11.), Phr.: with what 
v.? quo consilio? Ter, Eun. 5, 7, 1: 
quorsum (v. Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v.: 
and art. WHEREFORE): with a good v., 
bono consilio, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 78: with 
this v. that, or with a v. to, eo consilio ut, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 48, intt.: ea mente... ut, 
Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 1. ad eam rem... ut, 
id. Verr. 4, 15, 33. idcirco s. ideo... ut, 
id.: v. also so (V., throughout). Also 
expr. by ad or in, foll. by pron. or 
gerund: or by ad simply. e. g. confin- 
gis falsas causas ad discordiam, Ter. Hee. 
4,4, '7L: V. also FOR (prep., ‘> Also 
expr. by causa, gratia (in PV SRaWs 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. wv. Special 
Phr.: to have in v.: spectare (Vv. END, 
subs., 1V., 3, 4): also expr. by, in animo 
est, cOgito, etc. (v. TO INTEND, TO PUR- 
POSE): to have in v. one’s interests, ali- 
cui servire, constilere, prospicere (Vv. TO 

consoct, IIT.). 
view (v.): to take a v. of: 1 
viso, si, sum, 3: from the walls v. your 
Jjields laid waste, ex muris visite agros 
vastatos, Liv. 3, 68, intt. 2. inspicio, 
aspicio, introspicio, 3: Vv. TO INSPECT, 
3. specto, 1: v. TO LOOK aT (2,) 


~~ i.e Pak 


VIEWLESS 


VIGOROUSLY 











4, tueor, intueor, contueor: v. TO 
GAZE. 5, conspicio, spexi, spectum, 
3: V. TO BEHOLD, Fig.: so that you 
may v. with your minds him whom you 
cannot with your eyes, ut conspiciatis 
eum mentibus vestris quem oculis non 
potestis, Cic. Balb. 20, 47. 6. con- 
spicor, 1: Vv. TO DESCRY, 7, contem- 
plor, I: Vv. TO CONTEMPLATE, OBSERVE, 
Join: contemplari et considerare ali- 
quid, Cic. Verr. 4, 15, 33. 8. oculis 
perlustro (to v. carefully): to v. every- 
thing, omnia oculis p., Liv. 25, 9, iit. : 
(cf. collustrare omnia oculis, Cic. lusc. §, 
23, 65). Fig. p. aliquid animo, Cic. 
Part. Or. 11, 38: v. also TO OBSERVE, 
SURVEY, CONSIDER, REGARD (lit. and fig.). 

viewless: V. INVISIBLE. 

igil: |. Devotional watching : 

J. vigiliae, arum: on the v.s of 
Ceres, Cereris vigiliis, Pl. Aul. prol. 36: 
ib. 4, 10,65. [Also in bad sense: ener- 
vated by sleep or wanton v.s, somno aut 
libidinosis v. marcidus, Tac. A. 6, Io 
(4). J 2, pervigilium (lasting all 
night): the camp neglected in a v., 
castra pervigilio neglecta, Liv. 23, 35, 
fin.: to use a thing for v.s, aliquid per- 
vigiliis adhibere, Plin. 18, 12, 32, § 124: 
to enjoin a v., p. indicere, Suet. Cal. 54, 
med.: to keep v.s, p. celebrare, lac. A. 
15, 44, post init.: to worship an image 
bya yearly v., (simulacrum) p. anniver- 
sario colere, Suet. Galb. 4, ad fin. 3. 
pervigilatio: nightly v.s, nocturnae p., 
Cic. Leg. 2, 15,37. Phr.: to keep av. 
all night in honour of Venus, Veneri 
pervigilare, Pl. Cure. 1, 3, 25. I]. The 
evening preceding a festival: v. EVE 
(IL). Phr.: vs (i. e. the practice of 
sitting up all night) impair the strength 
of the young, attenuant juvenum vigi- 
latae corpora noctes, cf. Ov. A. A. I, 735- 

vigilance: 1, vigilantia: by 
valour and remarkable v., virtute et v. 
singulari, Cic. Verr. 5, 1, 1: and pass. 

2. vigilia: by v. and foresight, v. 
et prospicientia, id. Phil. 7, 7, 19: ct. id. 
Fam. 11, 24, I: v. also VIGILANT (4). 

3. custddia: to guard one with 
greater v., intentiore c. aliquem asser- 
vare, Liv. 39, 19, post intt.: the shep- 
herd’s v., c. pastoris, Col. 8, 4, 3: the v. 
of dogs, c. canum, Cic. N. 1. 2, 63, 158: 
vy. also GUARDIANSHIP. 4. prospi- 
cientia: Vv. FORESIGHT: alsO CARE (subs., 
IL.), CAREFULNEsS (II.), cauTion (L.). 
Phr.: to exercise v., vigilare: one must 
always exercise v., vigilandum est sem- 
per, Poet. ap. Cic. Plane. 24, 59: to ve- 
double v. (in guarding) the prisons, 
lautumiarum intentiorem curam habere, 
Liv. 32, 26, ad fin.: our men had re- 
laxed all their old v., superioris tem- 
poris contentionem nostri omnem re- 
miserant, Caes. B. C. 2, 14, fin. [For 
with v., V. VIGILANTLY]: v. also WATCH- 
FULNESS, 

vigilant: 1, vigilans, antis: a v. 
and shrewd tribune, v. et acutus tri- 
bunus, Cic. Agr. 1, I, 3: @ v. general 
(Hannibal), v. dux, Val. Max. 9, 1, 1, ad 
fin. 2. vigil, ilis (poet.): v. AWAKE, 
and Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. Fig.: v. 
cares, v. curae, Cie. Div. 1, 43,96. Very 
v., pervigil: sleepless rather than very 
v., insomnes magis quam p., Tac. A. 1, 
65, ad init.: cf. Plin. Pan. 63, ad med. 

3. vigilax, acis: v. WATCHFUL, 

4, exsomnis, e (prop., sleepless, 
wakeful): v. in mind, animo e., Vell. 2, 
129, extr. Join: a man truly v., 
whenever a matter demanded vigilance, 
vir ubi res vigiliam exegerit, sane e., 
providens, atque agendi sciens, id. 2, 88, 
med. 5, intentus: the senate by no 
means v., senatus nihil sane i., Sall. C. 
16, fin. 6, providus, etc.: v. PRU- 
DENT, CAUTIOUS, CAREFUL (IL.), crrcuM- 
SPECT. 7. promptus: v. READY, 
PRoMPT. Phr.- to keep a more v. eye 
upon one, intentiore custodia aliquem 
asservare, Liv., Vv. VIGILANCE (3.). cf. 
aliquid quam maxime intentis oculis 
contempt lc. Fl. tt, 26: intentis 
oculis aliquid intueri (opp. paulisper 
connivere), id. Agr. 2, 28, = Phr.: 
to be v., vigilare (Vv. VIGILANCE, Phr.): 








| Join: JI shall be v. in your service, 


excubabo vigilaboque pro vobis, Cic. 
Phil. 6, 7, 18. 

vigilantly: 1, vigilanter~ Cic. 
pass. 9. diligenter: V. DILIGENTLY 
also CrIncUMSPECTLY. But often best 
expr. by adj. and subs.: e. g. to guard 
v., intenta custodia asservare, etc. (Vv. 
preced. art.). 

vignette; perh. *ornamentum, em- 
bléma. 

vigorous: 1, végétus: the tired 
Sought with the fresh and v., fessi cum 
recentibus ac v. pugnabant, Liv. 22, 47, 
extr.: cf. Cic. Att. 10, 16,6. Fig.: a 
v. intellect, v. mens, id. Tuse. 1, 17, 41: 
cf. v. ingenium, Liv. 6, 22: v. ACTIVE 
(IL, 4). 9, vigens, entis: fresh and 
v. (in body), integri ac v., Liv. 21, 43. 
Fig.: a mind keen and v., mens acris 
et v., Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45: v. also infr. 
(4). 3, vividus (full of life): a v. 
constitution, v. corpus, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 
ad fin.: a v, old age, v. senectus, ‘Tac. 
A. 6, 33 (27). Fig.: the v. force of the 
mind, v vis animi, Lucr. 1, 73 (66): v. 
eloquence, v. eloquentia, Tac. A. 13, 42, 
med. 4, viridis, e (poet.): HLuryalus 
of v. youth, E. viridi juventa, Virg. Aen. 
5,295: Ov. Tr. 4, 10,17. Join: a v. 
old age, cruda v.que senectus, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 304 (cf. Tac. Agr. 29, quibus 
cruda ac v. senectus). Fig.. v. in 
counsel, v. consilio, Sil. 3, 255. Join: 
y. animo ac vigens, Sen. Ep. 66, init. 

5, véhémens, entis (of growth: very 
rare in this sense) : a vine v. and flourish- 
ing in much wood, vitis v. multaque 
materia frondens, Col. 3, 1,5. For fig. 
sense, Vv. ANIMATED (II., 3): v. also 
VEHEMENT. 6, ficer, impiger, etc. : 
v. ENERGETIC, SMART (adj., I1.), ACTIVE. 
7, ailacer, cris, cre: a mind v. and 

ready for undertaking wars, ad bella 
suscipienda a. et promptus animus, 
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, extr.: v. also BRISK. 


8, strénuus: he has proved himself | 


av. fellow, s. hominem praebuit (with- 
out refl. pron.), Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 12: v. also 
ENERGETIC. 9, récens, entis (not ex- 
hausted by fatigue: usu. joined with 
integer): when the v. had taken the 
places of the tired-out, quum r. atque 
integri defessis successissent, Caes. B. G 
3, 94, init.: cf. id. B. G. 5, 16, extr.: v. 
also supr.(1). Fig.: the other consul 
of v. mind, recentis animi (consul) alter, 
Liv. 21, 52, ad init. 10. intéger: v. 
supr. (9), and Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
11, nervosus (lit., sinewy: of style): 
who more v. than Aristotle? quis Aris- 
totele nervosior? Cic. Brut. 31, 121. 
12, validus, valens, robustus, ete. : 
v. STRONG (I.). 13. pdtens (of reme- 
dies): Plin. 25, to, 81, § 130: v. also 
EFFECTUAL, GOuD (adj.. II). Phr.: to 
attack a town with a v. assault, oppidum 
magno impetn oppugnare, Caes. B. G. 2, 
6: the v. appearance (of a tree), hila- 
ritas, Plin. 17, 16, 26, § 118. To bev., 
vigere, virere (Vv. TO FLOURISH): fo be- 
come v., vigescere (v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
s. V.): v. also SPIRITED. 
vigorously: 1, fortiter: the 
hands being uplifted very v., sublatis 
fortius manibus, Petr. 9, post med : to 
draw in the reins more v., fortius attra- 
here lora, Ov. R. Am. 398: to fight more 
v., fortius pugnare, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: to 
resist most v., fortissime resistere, ib. 4, 
12. 9, acriter: v. sTRONGLY (IL. 4). 
Join: a. atque contente propugnare, 
Gell. 18, 1, init. Fig.: 1 fought my 
battle v. (in the Senate), a. et vehementer 
proeliatus sum, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 1: v. also 
EARNESTLY. 8, strénué: to doa thing 
v., Ss. aliquid facere, Pl. Mil. 2, 5, 48: to 
take up arms v, 8. capere (arma), Cic, 
Rab. Perd. 10, 30: v. also in/r, (4). 
4, impigré: v. actrvery. Join: 
aliquid i. et strenue facere, Gell. 15, 4, 
med. 5, griiviter, nervése (both of 
style of speaking): v. ForcrBLy (1L.). 
6, intenté: to press the besteged 
more v., intentiis premere obsessos, Tac. 
A. 15, 13. to assist a thing very v., in- 
tentius adesse alicui rei, ib. 11, 11. Cf. 
contente (v. supr., 2). 





7] Gnixé: to| 64, post init. 


VIGOUR 


assist one most v., (aliquem) enixissime 
juvare, Suet. Caes. 5: cf. Liv. 23, 7: 
and pass. (v. Forcell. s. v. enixe). ‘ 
Adeo: they followed up the pursuit so 
v., adeo effusis institerunt, Liv. 26, 44, 
ad med. Q. laeté (of crops, frurt- 
Fully, a. YE a crop flourishing v., seges 
L virens, Plin. 33, 5, 27, § 8y: Vv. alse 
STRONGLY (IJI.). 
Vigorousness : V. VIGOUR. 


vigour : |. Of physical or intel- 
lectuai force : 1, vigor, Oris (rare in 
lit. sense): a v, as of fire, igneus v., 


Virg. Aen. 6, 730: v. also LIFE (IV.). 
Fig.: v. of mind, v. animi, Ov. H. 16, 
51. 9, vis, vim, vi; pl. vires: v. 
STRENGTH, Force. Join: the v. of the 
mind, vires animi vigorque, Virg. Aen. 
9, 610 (608) the highest v. of intellect, 
v. summa ingenii, Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49: 
that great v. and excellence uf an orator, 
v. illa divina et virtus oratoris, id. de 
Or. 2, 27, 120: the lively v. of the mind, 
vivida v. animi, Lucr. 1, 73 (66). 3. 
Viriditas, atis: old age takes away v., 
senectus aufert v., Cic. Am. 3, II: ¥. 
also FRESHNESS, 4, virilitas (manly 
vigour) : ¥. MANHOOD (IL). 5, robur, 
oris,n.: v.sTRENGTH (L.,4). 6, nervi, 
orum : to exert all the v. of one's age on 
something, in aliquo omnes n. aetatis 
contendere, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 12, 35: 
poets strike out the v. of every virtue, 
(poetae) n. omnis virtutis elidunt, id. 
Tuse. 2, 11, 24. 7, siicus (succus: 
prop., juice, sap): v. is taken away from 
the cattle, s. pecori subducitur, Virg. E. 
3,6. Fig.: v. of intellect, s. ingenii, 
Quint. lib, 1, prooem., § 24: Vv. also LIFR 
(UV.). 8, sanguis, Inis, m.: O ye, 
whose v. of life stands entire, vos 0 
quibus integer aevi s. (stat), Virg. 
Aen. 2, 639. Join: whose v. Jails, 
quem s,. viresque deficiunt, Caes. B. G. 
5, 50, jin. 9, facultates, um, /.: 
V. RESOURCE (6): v. also ENERGY, 
activity (IIL.). 10. virtus, itis, 7: 
Vv. EXCELLENCE (11.). Phr.: youthful 
mental v., primus fios animi, Stat. Ach. 
I, 625: lo be in full v., vigere, florere, 
Vv. PRIME (subs., IL.): in the full v. of 
life, integerrima aetate, Cic.: v. of life, 
bona aetas, etc.: v. PRIME (subs., II. 


Phr.): endowed with v., Vv. VIGOROUS: 
to gain v., vigescere, Cie. Ms To 
STRENGTHEN, II.: TO tNCREASE, II.): to 


regain v., vires recuperare, Tac. H. 3, 
22, init. : cf. vires revocare, Virg. Aen. 
I. 214 (Vv. TO RECRUIT, REFRESH: also TO 
RECOVER, B.): without v., debilis, infir- 
mus, etc. (Vv. FEEBLE, LANGUID, WEAK, 
ENERVATED) : loss (or want) of v., in- 
firmitas, debilitas, etc. (Vv. FEEBLENESS, 
LANGUOR, WEAKNESS): to impair 0., 
vires carpere, Virg. G. 3, 215 (¥. also TO 
ENFEEBLE, ENERVATE, WEAKEN): to lose 
v., languere, etc. [V. TO LANGUISH, TO 
FAIL(A.), TOPINE, TOFLAG}. MiscelL: 
with v., armis et castris, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 
184 (cf. remis velisque, velis remisque, 
remis ventisque, ventis remis : also, equis 
virisque: v. Smith's Lat. Dict. s. vv. re- 
mus, equus): nor are the preparations 


for war conducted with less v. amongst 


the enemy, neque segnius ad hostes bel- 
lum apparatur, Liv. 7, 7, ad med.: J 
exerted all my v., tentavi quid possem, 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 7: to press the siege with 
the greatest v., summo labore oppugnare, 
Liv. (Quich.): cf. intente obsessos pre- 
mere, T'ac. A. 15, 13: tf we relax not v. 
by delaying, si ex hoc impetu rerum 
nihil prolatando remittitur, Liv. 37, 19, 
med.: to pursue with v., maturo, prae- 
cipito, insto, festino, Vv. TO HURRY ON 
(iL), To Hurry (LLI.). {|. OF plants, 
luzuriance, q. V.: luxiria, laetitia 

Ul. Fig.: of style in oratory, etc. : 

1, vis, vim, vi: pl. vires: my poems 
have no great v., non magnas habent 
mea carmina vires, Ov. (Quich.): v. also 
supr. (1. 2). 2, robur, dris, n.: 
(men) who have produced some v. tn 
writing, qui r. aliquod in stilo fecerint, 
Quint. 10, 3, 10. 8, vigor, dris, m.: 
how much v. is there in that book, quan- 
tum in illo (libro) vigoris est, Sen. Ep. 
4, nervi, orum. the 

g2t 


VIKING 





speech of these men has neither v. nor 
oratorical point, horum oratio neque n. 
neque aculeos oratorios habet, Cic. Or. 
19, 62: cf. Hor. A. P 26. 5, lacerti, 
orum: in Lysias there is often v. to 
such an extent that nothing can be pro- 
duced more powerful, in Lysia saepe 
sunt lacerti, sic ut fieri nihil possit val- 
entius, Cic. Brut. 16, 64. Join to 
hurl the orator’s spears with v., (has- 
tas) oratoris lacertis viribusque torquere, 
id. de Or. 1, 59, 242. 6, sanguis, inis, 
m.: expressions full of v., (dicta) plena 
ganguinis, Quint. 11, 1,34. Join: to 
shine in v., sanguine et viribus nitere, 
id. 8,3,6 ‘7. sucus (succus) a speech 
ts adorned by its own v., ornatur vratio 
8. suo, Cic. de Or. 3, 25,96. Join: that 
v. of orators, s. ille et sangnis (orator- 
um), iJ. Brut. g, 36. 8, impétus, us: 
pleadings which are read aloud lose all 
their v, and warmth, actiones quae re- 
citantur i. ompem caloremque perdunt, 
Plin. Ep. 2, 19, init. : v. also ENERGY (4). 
9, contentio: v. ENERGY (5). 10. 
gravitas: v. WEIGHT. Phr: purity 
and manly v., sanctitas et virilitas, 
Quint. 1, 8,9. Join without v. (of 
an orator), fractus atque elumbis, Tac. 
Or 18, fin. (v. also ENERVATED). 
viking ; V. PIRATE. 
vile: |. Worthless, mean, con- 
temptible : 1, vilis, e  v. PALTRY. 
2, contemnendus, contemptus, de- 
spicatus: Vv. CONTEMPTIBLE, 8, ab- 
jectus, prdjectus, humilis. v. ABJECT. 
Join. (held) v. by all the vest, a., con- 
temptus, despectus a ceteris, Cic. Pis. 
41, 99: @ v. fellow, contemptus et ab- 
jectus homo, id. Agr. 2, 34, 93 (also 
expr. by nebulo, an idle rascal, Cic. 
Hor.). 4, humilis, sordidus: v, GRo- 
VELLING, SORDID (II.), MEAN (adj. II.). 
5, néquam. v. GOOD-FOR-NOTHING. 
Phr.: to make one appear v., in con- 
temptionem aliquem adducere, Cic. Inv. 
1,16 to account one v., aliquem habere 
contemptui, Suet. Aug. 93 (cf. aliquem 
habere despicatui, Pl, Men. 4, 3, 19): to 
be accounted v., esse contemptui, Caes. 
B. G. 2. 30. [May also be expr. by act. 
and pass. respectively of contemno.] o 
become v., in contemptionem veuire, 
Caes. B. G. 3,17, post med. ||, Morally 
base, depraved: turpis, ev. 
BASE (adj. 1V.), DISGRACEFUL, IMMORAL, 
Join: the vest (fellow) of all, omnium 
turpissimus et sordidissimus, Cic. Att. 
9, 9, 3. 2, maciilosus the law has 
subdued the v. abomination, lex m. 
edomuit nefas, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 22 
senators, m. senabores, Cic. Att. I, 16, 3. 
2. inquinatus v Low (adj., VII.), 
VULGAR. 4, foedus, téter, spurcus, 
lutiilentus (rare), obscénus: v. FOUL, 
FILTHY, OBSCENE. 5, impiurus, in- 


cestus: Vv. IMPURE, UNCHASTE. 5 
perditus flagitidsus, etc. pravus, cor- 
ruptus néiarius, néfandus: v. PROFLI- 


GATE, DEPRAVED, WICKED. 7. im- 
manis, atrox: v. ATROCIOUS, HEINOUS. 
8, détestabilis, e a v. crime, d. 
scelus, Cic. Am. 8, 27. cf. d. exemplum, 
Liv. 26, 48, ad jin. Cf. odiosus (v. HATE- 
FUL). Phr.. a v. fellow, scelus (ab- 
stract lor concrete), Plaut.: v also 
RASCAL, VILLAIN (IL) a v. act (may 
sometimes be expr by) facinus, scelus, 
flagitium, without anadj.- cf. Cic. Verr. 
5,66, 170 Tac. Ger. 12, (v. also CRIME): 
v. acts, impuritates, Cic, Phil. 2, 3, 6 
(ef. impuritiae, Pl. Pers. 3, 3, 7): v. ex- 
pressions, surdes verborum, Tac. Or. 21, 
med, (v. also Low, adj., VII., Phr.). 
vilely . |. Weanly: sordide, illi- 
béraliter, etc. v. meanty (IL, IIL), 
CONTEMPTIBLY Il. Basely: 1. tur- 
piter v BASELY 2. flagitiose, foede, 
etc. Vv DISGRACEFULLY. 8. néfarie : 
Vv. ABOMINABLY. 4. impure, inceste, 
obscené v IMPURELY, DISGUSTINGLY. 
5. pravé, scélesté, scélératé  v. 
WICKEDLY, BADLY, VILLAINOUSLY 
vileness 1. turpittdo, inis, f.: 
the v. of flight, t. fugae, Caes. B. G. 2, 
27, post med.: cf. Verr Act. 1, 16 49 
2. pravitas, etc.: improbitas v 
DZPRAVITY, WICKEDNESS. 3, foeditas 
922 


VILLAIN 


VILLANAGE 





obscénitas Vv. FOULNESS, OBSCENITY. 
Join depravatio et f. turpificati ani- 
mi, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 105- 4, nequitia: 
v vittarny (IL, 2). 5. indignitas : 
V UNWORTHINESS (Or expr. by adj. 
with animus.) 

vilification : 
DISPARAGEMENT. 

vilifier * obtrectator, etc. : 
LUMNIATOR, REVILER. 

vilify ; |. Zo debase, disgrace, 
q. v. (c!. Milton: “ Their Maker’s image 
they vilified”’). |, To defame ih, 
diffamo, infamo: v TO DEFAME (1, 2, 
and 4), 9. criminor: v TO CALUM- 
NIATE, 8, detraho, detrecto, obtrecto: 
V. TO DETRACT FROM, DISPARAGE, SLAN- 
DER. 4, malédico, etc. v, TO REVILE, 
Phr. to v., existimationem oppugnare, 
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 8 (cf. existimationem 
lacerare, Suet. Caes. 75, extr ): to be v.’d 
by all, omnium sermonibus vapulare, 
Cic. Att. 2, 14, 1. 

villa ; villa v. COUNTRY-HOUSE, 
* village: 1, pagus. in vs and 
market-places, in p. forisque, Liv. 25, 5, 
med.: about the v.s and cross-voads, 
pagos et compita circum, Virg. G. 2, 
382. leaving out the large v.s and the 
small ones (or hamlets), omissis p. Vicis- 
que, Tac. A. 1, 56, post med. 2, vicus 
(a smaller v, than pagus: prop., @ quar- 
ter of a city, a street) : Cic. Fontei. 5, 19° 
Caes. B. G. 1, 5: Tac.: Hor. Dimin. 
victilus, Cic. Rep. 1, 2. 3: Liv. 21, 33, 
ad fin. Miscell.- of a v., v.-, paga- 
nus. v.-hearths, pagani foci, Ov. F. 1, 
670: Plin.: cf. paganicus: @ v.-fair, 
paganicae feriae, Varr. L. L. 6, 3, § 26 
(called also, paganalia, Macr. Sat. 1, 16): 
a v.school, *ludus literarum paganus, 
based on Liv. 3, 44: @ v.-school-master, 
*ludi literarum pagani magister ; by v.s 
(or in every v.), pagatim: temples con- 
secratead in every v., templa pagatim 
sacrata, Liv. 31, 26, ad jin.: v.-wise (or 
rom v. to v., mm hanlets), vicatim: to 
dwell v.-wise, v. habitare. Liv. 9, 13, 
med.: cf. Plin. 6, 26, 30, § 17: sooth- 
sayers who travelled from v. to v., 
haruspices vicani, Enn. in Cic. Div. 1, 
58, 132: a bailiff of a v. (or burgo- 
master), comarchus (= xwyapxos), PL. 
Cure. 2, 3, 7: in pure Latin, magister 
vici, Suet. Aug. 30, adinit. (For an in- 


habitant of a v. V. VILLAGER): V. also 
counTRY (subs, and adj.), RuSTIC (adj.). 

villager: 1, paganus: vs and 
townsfolic, p. et oppidani, Auct. B. Alex. 


obtrectatio, etc.: v. 


Vv. CA- 


36 2. pagus (abstract for concrete): 
the festive v.s are keeping holiday in the 
meadows, festus in pratis vacat p., Hor. 
Od. 3,18, 11 cf. pagus agat festum, Ov. 
F 1, 669. 3, vicani, orum: Liv. 38, 
30, ad fin. Seldom in sing.: e. g. T’mo- 
lites the v., I’. ille vicanus, Cic. Fl. 3, 8. 
4, rusticus, agrestis: v. PEASANT. 

villain : j. In feudal law, one 
who holds lands by a base or servile 
tenure, a bondman: in this sense also 
spelt VILLEIN, VILLAN. 1, ascriptitius 
(-cius) servus (a slave attached to the 
soil and transferred with tt): Cod. Just. 
11, 47, 6. [Ascriptitii glebae, villains 
regardant (Blackstone), opp. villains in 
gross who were transferable from one 
owner to another, and may be expr. by 
mancipia (v. inf7., 3), or perh. servi. ] 
Q. *ascriptus glebae, villanus M. L. 


3, mancipium (a slave by purchase, 


regarded as property) Cic. pass. ; 
colonus (of the later Imperial period): 
Cod. Just. 11, 47, 2 and 7: v. Smith’s 
Dict. Ant. pp. 311, 312 v also SERF. 
Phr. v.-socage (or soccage), * socagium 
villanum, Du Cang. [| 4 deliberate 
scoundrel (in this sense only written 
VILLAIN) * }, expr. by adj., with or 
without homo: (homo) scelestus, Pl.: 
Ter. homo nequam, flagitiosus, Cic. 
(VY RASCAL, ROGUE): the greatest v.s, 
homines sceleratissimi, Sall. Jug. 31, 
med. : @ most ingenious V., homo inge- 
niosissime nequam, Vell. 2, 48, post 
med. Join: thou wouldst have been 
a v., sceleratus et nefarius fueris, Cic. 
Mur. 30, 62: cf. id. Rep. 3, 17, 27, 12: 


| 








| Verr. 5, 55, 144: conscelerati contami- 


natique homines, Liv. 2, 34, ext7.: im- 
probus et scelestus, Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 135: 
malus et nequam homo, Pl. Ps. 4, 7, rz 
improbus homo et perfidiosus, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 73, 297 homo nefarius impius- 
que, id. Off. 2, 14, 51. homo nequam et 
improbus, id. Deiot. 7, 21: the greatest v. 
on earth, profligatissimus omnium mor- 
talium ac perditissimus, id. Verr. 3, 26, 
65. cf. longe post natos homines inipro- 
bissimus, id. Brut. 62, 224. 2. scélus, 
flagitium (abstract for concrete), furci- 
fer, verbéro (v. RASCAL): véterator (v. 
ROGUE). Phr.: to play the v. (expr. 
by) scelus (and adj.) with verb: e. g. 
scelus nefarium facere, perficere, moliri, 
suscipere (v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 
scelus): the greatest v.s, Maximorum 
molitores scelerum, Sen. ‘Tranq. 7, post 
med, Join that v., labes illud atque 
coenum, Cic. Sest. 8, 20: cf. coenum 
illud ac labes, ib. 11, 26. 
villainous: |. Of persons: 1, 
scélestus, scélératus, néquam, etc. (v. 
VILLAIN, IT.). Q, facindrosus : most 
v. cut-thvoats, facinorosissimi sicarii, Cic. 
Sest. 38, 81: cf. id Cat. 2, Io, 22. I. 
Of things * 1, scélestus: to a v. act 
he added more v. language, s. facinori 
scelestiorem sermonem addidit, Liv. 5, 
27, post init. Join: s, ac nefarium 
facinus, Cic. Rose. Am. 13, 37: Tes S., 


atrox, nefaria, ib. 22, 62. 2. scéléra- 
tus, néfarius, néfandus: v. WICKED, 
ACCURSED. 3. infamis, flagitiosus 


vy. INFAMOUS. 4, fuedus, téter: atrox 
v. FouL (adj. IL.), HEINOUS, ATROCIOUS 
v. also VILE, 
villainously : 1, scélest€é: pro- 
perty v. acquiied, parta bona s,, Pl. Rud. 
2, 6,22. Join: to act v., s, atque im- 
pie facere, Liv. 24, 25, iit. 2, sce- 
lératé: to do nothing v., uihil s. facere, 
Cic. Sull. 24, 67 planning most v. alt 
plots, omnes insidias sceleratissime ma- 
chinatus, id. Sest. 64, 133. 3, flagi- 
tidsé: V. SCANDALOUSLY, SHAMEFULLY, 
4, néfarié: v. ABUMINABLY, ATKO- 
CIOUSLY. 5. spurcé (lit. jilthily) : v. 
done, s. factum, Auct. ad Her, 1,5, 8: V 
also VILELY. 
villainousness: Vv. VILLAINY. 
villainy : |, The disposition : 
1, best expr. by mens s. animus 
with adj. (Vv. VILLAINOUS): e. g., what 
they have lusted after in their v., quae 
mente conscelerata et nefaria concupier- 
tnt, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19. 2, pravitas, 
etc.: Vv. DEPRAVITY. 8. immanitas, 
atrécitas; Vv. ENORMITY, HEINOUSNESS. 
4, scélus, improbitas Vv. WICKED- 
3 5, malitia: v. DISHONESTY. 
|]. Vhe act: 1. scélus, éris, n. 
(usu. joined with nefarius); steeped in 
v.s, nefariis s. coopertus, Cie. Verr. 1, 4, 
g: to conceive a v., in se s. concipere, ib. ; 
to perpetrate a v., s. nefarium facere, id. 
de Or. 1, 51, 220 (v. also Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. scelus). 2, néquitia re- 
markable v., insignis n., Cic. Pis. 6, 12: 
a workshop of v., officina nequitiae (fig., 
of a villain’s house), id, Rose. Am. 46, 
134. 3, fiagitium: v. vice (il.). 
4, facinus, Oris, .: (men) chosen 
for violence, v., and murder, ad vim, f., 
caedemque delecti, id. Agr. 2, 28, 77. 
Join: scelus et f., id. Mil. 16, 43° to 
omit no v., nibil facinoris, nihil flagitii 
praetermittere, Liv. 39, 13, post med.: 
v. also CRIME. 
villan: v. VILLAIN (1.). 
villanage (written also VILLENAGE 
Or VILLEINAGE: @ tenure of lands and 
tenements by base services); ], angaria 
(a Persian word, but occurring, according 
to Forcell., as early as Cicero’s time: cf, 
Fragm. Nigidii [a contemporary of Cic.] 
ap. Gell. 19, 14, ad fin.): Arcad. Dig. 50, 
4,18, § 29. 9. dpéra serva (the ser- 
vice rendered), based on Pl. Pers. 2, 
4, 9 3. *villenagium: Du Cange. 
Phr.: to exact v. angariare, Ulp. Dig. 
49, 18, 4: to perform v., angariam Ss. 
operam servam praestare (based on, an- 
gariarum praestatio, Paul Dig.), Georg.: 
Lycurgus gave the lands of the wealthy 


NESS 


!cf. homines malefici sceleratique, Cic. | to the plebs to be tilled as in v., Lycur- 


VILLANOUS 





gus agros locupletium plebi ut servitio 
colendos dedit, Cic. Rep. 3, 16. 
villanous. villanously, viilan- 


ousness. any: Vv. VILLAIxOUS, 
VILLAINOUSLY, VILLAINOUSNESS, VIL- 
LAINY. 


villein : Vv. VILLAIN (1.). 

_culeinase, villenage: Vv. VILLAN- 
E. 

villous: villdsus: Plin. 
vinaigrette; acctabilum: v. cRUET. 
vindicate: |. To maintain as a 
right, to hold successfully against : 
1, téneo, 2, and compds. : to v. one’s 
rights, jus suum tenere, Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48: 
cf. jus retinere, obtinere . Vv. TO MAINTAIN 
IL.). 2, jus perséquor- id. Div. in 
il. 6,21: cf. armis jus suum exse- 
qui, Caes. B.G. 1, 4. 8. vindico, 1: so 
was the universal feeling through- 
out the whole of Gaul that liberty should 
be v.’d, tanta universae Galliae consensio 
fuit libertatis vindicandae, id. 7, 76: cf. 
se in libertatem vindicare, Cic., pass. : 
aliquem in libertatem asserere (to v. or 
assert the liberty of an actual slave), 
Suet. Vitell. 10, ad med. ||. To sup- 
port by argument: 1, obtineo: v. 
TO MAINTAIN (VIL.). 2. probo, ete. : 
to v. my conduct to you, ut vobis ration- 
em mei facti probem, Cic. Mur. 2, 3: v. 


TO PROVE, SUBSTANTIATE. Il]. Zo 
justify: purge: v. To susTiIFY. Phr.: 


culpa aliquem liberare, etc. (v. TO EX- 
CULPATE): v. also TO CLEAR (IL, phr.), 
INNOCENCE (phr.). Miscell.: to wv. 
justice, pro aequitate propugnare, Cic. 
Off. 1, 19, 62: to v. one’s reputation, 
pro fama alicujus propugnare, id. Rab. 
Perd. 10, 30: to v. one’s own innocence, 
expedire se crimine, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 29: 
to do so by accusing another, alieno 
crimine protegere innocentiam suam, 
Liv. (Quich.). 

vindication: |, 4 maintaining 
one’s rights: 1, propugnatio: our v. 
and defence of your position, nostra p. 
ac defensio dignitatis tuae, Cic. Fam. 1, 
7; 2. Q, patrocinium: the v. of gus- 
tice, p. aequitatis, id. de Or. I, 57, 242. 

3. vindicatio (rare in this sense): 
vindicatio per quam vim et contumeliam 
defendendo aut ulciscendo propulsamus 
a nobis et a nostris, qui nobis esse cari 
debent: et per quam peccata punimus, 
Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66: cf. ib. 2, 53, 161. 

4, or expr. by verb (v. TO VINDI- 
CATE): e.g the unanimous feeling for 
a v. of liberty, consensio libertatis vindi- 
candae, Caes. B. G. 7, 76. |]. 2acul- 
pation: purgatio, satisfactio: v. JUsTI- 
FICATION, DEFENCE (IlI.). Phr.: im 
his v. of himself, quum se purgat, Cic.: 
to v. themselves, ut non deliquisse vide- 
antur, id.: he says a few words in v. of 
himself, pauca pro delicto suo verba 
facit, Sall.: I have only one thing to say 
in v., that, etc., una defensio occurrit, 
quod, etc., ac. ||]. Of an argument, 
support, q. Vv. 

Vindicator: 1. propugnator: v. 
CHAMPION. 9, défensor: v. DEFEND- 
ER. 3, assertor: the sword the v. of 
Freedom, gladius a. libertatis, Sen. Ep. 
13, ad fin.: v. also MAINTAINER. 4, 
vindex: v. MAINTAINER. (Except in 
the above senses, expr. by verb.) 

vVindicatory : VY. APOLOGETIC. 

vindictive: 1. avidus poenie (sc. 
sumendae): Liv. 8, 30, extr. 2. ini- 
micitiarum persequens (7. e. ulciscens 
inimicitias, Forcell.). Auct. ad Her. 2, 
19, 29. Phr.: @ v. man, qui nullam 
injuriam inultam impunitamque dimit- 
tit, based on Cic. Verr. 5, 58, 149. no 
one is more v. than & woman, vindicta 
(abl. : revenge) nemo magis gaudet quam 
femina, Juv. 13, 191. all felt v., omnium 
animi ad ulciscendum ardebant, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 34, ad jin. (cf. acrius ad ul- 
tionem exarsere, Tac. A. 12, 38. in 
ultionem excanduit [ perf. of excan- 
desco], Flor. 2, 18, med.): v. also RE- 
VENGEFUL. 

vindictively: expr. by adj. (v. 
VINDICTIVE). 


vindictiveness: ulciscendi libido: | which = vintager, 4. v ) 


VINE-DRESSER 


one's v. explere se ultione, Tac. A. 4, 
25: to show v., irae indulgere, Liv. 23, 
3, post init, 
animus.) 
vine (subs.): 1, vitis. is, 7 (the 
grape-bearing vine): * Vitis vinifera, 
Linn. /imun., viticiila, Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 
86. V.s lay hold of props with their ten- 
drils, vites claviculis adminicula appre- 
hendunt, ib. 2, 47, 120° ef. id. Sen. 15, 52: 
the v. abounding in useless boughs runs 
to wood, v. supervacuis frondibus luxu- 
rians silvescit, based on Col. 4, 11, med. : 
av. vigorous and flourishing in much 
wood, v. vehemens multaque materia 
frondens, id. 3, 1, 5: young v.s, novellae 
v.. Virg. E. 3, 11: late-bearing v.s, 
tardae v., Mart. 1, 43, 3: @ good sort of 
v., Vv. generosa, Col. 3, 2, ad fin.: to 
plant the v., v. serere, Cic. Rep. 3, 9, 16 


(cf. pone ordine vites, Virg. E. 1, 73): | 


to cultivate the v., v. colere, Cic. Fin. 4, 
14, 38: to propagate the v., Vv. propagare, 
ef. Cato in Plin. 17, 13, 21, §97: to graft 
the v., v. inserere. Col. Arb. 8, 2: to 
prune the v., v. putare, Virg. G. 2, 407 
(cf. v. amputare, Cic. Sen. 15, 52): to 
su v.s, v. alligare, based on Col. 4, 
20: (cf. eae furcas subdere, Piin. 
14, 2, 4,§ 32). Join: v, adminiculari 
arborique jungere, Col. Arb. 16: elms 
are wedded (i.e. attached to) v.s, ulmi 
vitibus maritantur, Col 11, 2, 79 (cf 
ulmis adjungere vites, Virg. G. I, 2: 
intexere vitibus ulmos, ib. 2,221). 2, 
vinea (prop. a plantation of vines: but 


| often used for vitis by the Scriptores 


Rei Rusticae)- to trim v.s, pampinare 
| vineas, Plin. 18, 27, 67, § 254: to pre- 
pare the ground for planting v.s, pas- 
tinare vineas, id. 18, 26, 65, 6 240: to 
prop v.s, v. palare, Col. 11, 2, 16 (cf. v. 
pedare, id. 4, 12, imzf.: statuminibus v. 
| impedare, id. 4,16,2. Join: v. admini- 
culari arborique jugare, id. 4, 26, intt.). 

3, labrusca (or iabrusca vitis, the 
wild v.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.). 
Phr.-: to set out new v.s, novellare, Suet. 
Dom. 7: to trim v.s, pampinare, Varr, 
R. R. 1, 31, 2: a trimming of v.s, pam- 
pinatio, Col. 4, 6, 1: Plin.: to prepare 
the ground for planting v.s, pastinare 
agrum, Col. 3, 13, med.: land suitable 
for planting v.s, terra vinealis, id. 3, 12, 


3, 5,9. § 6c (cf. vitifer mons, Sil. 4, 349). 

vine (adj.) : 1, vitigénus (vine- 
born): v. liquor, Lucr. 5, 15: v- latices, 
id. 6, 1071 (1069).  Q, vitigineus (like 
preced.) : v.-slips, v. surculi, Cato R. R. 
4t, 3: v.-leaves, v. folia, Col. 12, 16, 3: 
cf. v. ligna, Plin. 30, 6, 16, § 50. 3% 
vinearius ( pertaining to vines): v.-hills, 
v. colles, Col. 5, 6, 36. 4, vineaticus 
(like preced.): v. semina, id. 4, 1,1: v. 
cultus, id. 4, 33. 6. Phr.: v.-clad moun- 
tains, amicti vitibus montes, Flor. 1, 16, 
5: v. also foll. artt. 

vine-arbour: 1. pergiila: Col. 4, 
21, med.: Plin. 14, 1, 3. § 11. (Hence, 
pergulana vitis, a vine trained over an 
arbour, Col. 3, 2, 28: called also, irtiola, 
ib.) 9. trichila: v. Forcell. s. v. 
-branch orshoot: 1. palmes, 
itis, m. (a vine-sprout): Plin.: Virg.: 
Ov. 2. pampinus (like preced.: for 
gender, v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.): to 
clear away v.s, p. detergere, Plin. 17, 22, 
35, § 175: Virg.: Ov. 3. clivicila 
(a vine-tendril) : Cic. Sen. 15, 52. 4. 
capredlus (like preced.). Col. 1, 31, 4: 
Plin. 15, 23, 35, § 208. 5, viviradix, 
surciilus, propago. v. QUICKSET. Col. 
pass. 6, tradux, ticis, m. (a vine-layer 
trained for propagation): Varr. R. R. 
1, 8, 4. Called also, rumpus, ib. y 
malledlus (like preced.): Col. pass. 8, 
flagellum (rare ~ one of the highest taper- 
ing branches): Virg. G. 2, 299 Varr. 

9. vitis (a vine-sapling): Ov. M. 6, 

391. Cato R. R. 4t. 

—— -dresser: is 
Fin. 5, 14, 40 Virg. E. ro, 36. >. 
(vitis) cultor: Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 49. 3. 
viticdla: Sil. 7, 193.. (N.B.—Not vin- 
demitor [vindemiator], as in R. and A., 
Phr.: av’s 





vinitor: Cic, 





4 19, 44 Phr.: to glut | knife, vinitoria falx, Col. 4, 25, init.: 


(Or expr. by adj. with | 


I: v-bearing hills, vitiferi colles, Plin. | 


VINTAGE 


| ef. vineatica falcula, Cato kK. KR, il. 4 





vine -fretter oT grub: convoly sins 
| Cato R. R. 35, 1° Plin. 17, 28, 47, $ 264, 
(* Pyralis vitis, Bosc.: Sphinx elpénor, 
Linn.). 
_—— -grower or planter: 14, vi- 
tisdtor: a Sabine v., v. Sabinus, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 179. 9. consitor uvae: of 
Bacchus, Ov. M. 4, 14 (cf. vitis repertor, 
}also of Bacchus, Varr R. R. 1, 2, 19). 
3, perb. vitis cultor, Cic.: viticdla, 
SiL ; Vv. VINE-DRESSER 
— -grub: VY. VINE-FRETTER. 
fe ae V. VINE-DRESSER. 
— -leaf: pampinus, m. (for gender, 
v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.): the grape 
clad in v.s, uva vestita pampinis, Cte 
Sen. 15, 53: cf. ornatus viridi tempora 
pampino Liber, Hor. Od. 4, 8, 32. Hence 
the foll adjj.: (1.) pampineus: spears 
wrapped yound with v.s, p. bastae, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 396: a chaplet of vs, p. corona, 
Tac. A. 11, 4. (2.) pampindsus : a vine 
full of leaves, p. vitis, Col. 5, 5: Plin. 
23, 1, 16, § 21: v. also VINE (adj.), 2. 
—— -planter: Vv. VINE-GROWER. 
—— -prop: 1. pédimen, admini- 
cilum, pédamentum, statiimen: v. PROP 
(subs.). 9. ridica: Cato R. R. 14, 
init.: Varr. K. R. 1,8, init. 3, furca: 
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32. 
vinery ; v- HOT-HOUSE. 
vine-shoot: Vv. VINE-BRANCH. 
—-stock: perb. vitis stirps s. 
materia: or, vitis simply. 
vinegar: Acétum: very sour (or 
strong) v., acidissimum a., PL Ps. 2, 4, 
49: cf. a. acerrimum, Cels. 4, 4, 3, med.: 
a. asperrimum, Plin. 20, 9, 39.§.9> t 
pickle in v., in aceto condire, id. 14, 1g, 
23, § 119: to soak by v., ex aceto ma- 
cerare, id. 33, 5, 26, § 88: toinfuse olives 
with v. (i.e. pour v. on them), (olivas) 
aceto infundere, Col. 12, 47, ad med.: 
v-mead (or honey-mead: a Roman 
drink), mulsum acetum, Cato R. R 157, 
| ad med.: Pl. (cf. posca, a drink made 
of vinegar and water, Pi. Mil. 3, 2, 23: 
Plin. 27, 4, 12, § 29). Phr.: chalk 
| steeped in v., acida creta, Mart. 6, 93, 9: 
a pickle of v. and brine, oxalme (= 
ofaAun), Plin. 23, 2, 29, § 61: t turn to 
(or become) v., (of wine, etc.), acesco, 
coacesco, inacesco (Vv. soUR, adj., Phr.) : 
| as s.as v., acidissimus. Fig.: to look 
v., vultus acerbos sumere, Ov. (Vv. souk, 
adj., 11., 1). 
— -cruet; acétabilum: v. CRUFT. 
—— -manufactory: perh. *officina 
aceti, based on Caes. B. C. 1, 34, officina 
armorum (a manufactory of arms). 
— -plant: * Ulvina aceti s. Myco- 
derma aceti (Bot.). 
vineyard: 1. vinea: to plant 
v.s, V. instituere, Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 67 (cf 
agrum vineis vestire, Col. 3, 4): to plant 
v.s closely, v. frequentare, cf. Col. 4. 15, 
init.: to plant a v. afresh, v. renovel- 
lare, Col. Arb. 6, ad init.: Virg. G. 2, 
390. 9. vinétum: to make v.s, Vv. 
facere, Col. 3, 4: Cic. N. 1). 2, 66, 167: 
Virg. G. 2, 319. Prov.: to cut down 
one’s own v.S (i.e. to be severe towards 
oneself), V. Sua caedere, cf Hor. Ep. 2, 
220. 3, vinearius hortus; Ulp. 
Dig. 50, 16, 198. 4, vitiirium (@ 
nursery for vines) : Cato, R. R. 40, init, : 
Varr.: Col 5, arbustum (a v. plant- 
ed with trees: Whereas the vinea was 
one in which the vine lay upon the 
earth, or was supported by poles): Cic, 
Sen. 15, 54. Fig. abusive language 
that smacked of the v., expressa arbusto 
convicia, Hor. S 1, 7, 29 (ef. balitus cadi, 
Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 142). 4 
vinous: ], vindsus: juice of a 
v. flavour, succus V., Plin. 15, *< 27, 
: ef. v. sapor, id. 12, 13, 27, 9 475 
ne v., id. 27, 4. 11, § 28. 2, expr. 
by vini 








with subs.: e.g. v. fumes, 
vini anhelitus, Cic. Post. Red. 7, 16: cf. 
vini odor s. sapor (Georg.). Phr.: to 
hare a v. smack, vinum redolere, Cic 
Phil. 2, 25, 63. Th : : 

i : f e operat on: ; 
vindemia’ when the grape shall be ripe, 
the vintage must take place (or be 
923 


VINTAGER 


VIOLENT 


VIOLENTLY 





athered in), uva cum erit matura, 
vindemiam fieri oportet, Varr. R. R. 1, 
54, 1 Plaut. 9, tivarum perceptio, 
based on Cic, Off. 2, 3, 12. IJ. Uhe 
time: fériae vindeémiarum (opp. feriae 
messium), Suet. Caes. 40. Also, vinde- 
miae simply, M. Aurel. Il]. Ze pro- 
duce: 1, vindémia: not the same v. 
hangs on our trees, bon eadem arboribus 
pendet v. nostris, Virg. G. 2, 89: ef. ib. 
2, 522: to gather the v., v. metere, Plin. 
17, 22, 35, § 185: ef. v. cogere, Col. 2, 22, 
med.: to manage the v., v. celebrare, 
Pallad. Sept. 11 (cf. v. administrare, Varr. 
R. BR. 1, 17, post init.): [have but a poor 
»., yet a better one than I had expected, 
v. graciles quidem, uberiores tamen 
quam expectaveram colligo, Plin. Ep. 9, 
20: to cause full v.s, v. exuberare, Col. 
2, 16, med. Dimin. (fig.), vindémiola 
(of income), GCies VATHEx, Ones 9. 
vineaticus frnetus. Col. 7, 3, II. 3) 
vindemialis fructus: Macr. S. 7, 7, med. 
Phr.: of the v., v.-, Vindemiatorius : v.- 
vessels, vindemiatoria vasa, Varr. R. R. 
3, 2, 8: to gather the v., vindemiare, 
Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 316: also, vindemiare 
(uvas), Plin. 14, 2, 4, 30: v. vinum, Col. 
12, 33, I (cf. uvas demetere, Ptin. 17, 26, 
40, § 2493; {uvam] carpere, Virg. G. 2, 90). 
vintager ; vindemiator (vindemitor, 
Sen. Apocol. imnit.): Hor. S. 1, 7, 30: 
Varr. 
vintner: vinarius: Suet. Claud. 40, 
init.: Pl. Asin. 2, 4, 30. 
viol (Milton): fides, ium: now 
chiefly used as a gen. term: e.g. bass- 
v., fides gravioris soni (Kr.). 
violable ; vidlabilis (poet.): Ov.: 
Virg.: Stat. In prose expr. by verb 
(Vv. TO VIOLATE). For not v., v. INVIOLA- 
BLE. 
violate: |. Vo outrage, injure: 
q.v.  |I, Zo profane: vidlo, etc.: v. 
TO PROFANE. |||, To break, infringe: 
1. vidlo: to v.a truce, indutias v., 
Caes. B. C. 2, 15: to v. a treaty, foedus 
v., Liv. 28, 44, ad med.: to v. an oath, 
jusjurandum violare, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104: 
to v. friendship, amicitiam v., id. Phil. 
2, I, 3 (Vv. also TO BREAK OFF, IL). 
Join: to v. right, jus v. et imminuere, 
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109. Cf. rumpo, 
frango (v. TO BREAK, II1.). 2. migro 
(opp. conservo) : to v. civil law, jus civile 
m., Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 67. Join: m. et 
non servare, id. Off. 1, 10, 31. Mis- 
cell.: to v. every right (or obligation), 
fas omne abrumpere, Virg. Aen. 3, 55: 
tov. one's word given to an enemy, fidem 
hosti datam fallere, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39: to 
v. the right of embassy, jus legationis 
imminuere, id. Verr. I, 33, 84: without 
v.ing one’s word, salva fide, id. Rose. 
Am. 2, 4, 95 (cf. salvis legibus, id. Fam. 
1, 2, 4): tov. a Law (lit. to offend against), 
committere (with in, or contra legem, or 
abl.: Cic.. v Smithb’s Lat. Dict. s. v., 
IV.,2) to v. an oath, pejéro s. perjuro 
v. TO PERJURE): cf. falsum jurare, Cic. 
ff. 3, 29, 108. IV. Zo debauch a 
woman: vidlo: to v, virginity, virgini- 
tatem v., Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 59: v. also To 
RAVISH. 
violation : j. Breach (in fig. 
sense) expr. by verb: v. BREACH (II.), 
INFRACTION. Phr.: without v. of duty, 
right, etc., salvo officio, jure, etc.: Cic. 
s.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. salvus 
(L, 2). [For to act in v, of, v. TO DE- 
viaTeE (I1.) } Il. Profanation, q. v.: 
vidlatio, etc. [For a v. of decency, v. 
OUTR*GE.} lil. Rape: v. Rape CiI.). 
violator: |. A breaker (of a 
treaty, etc.): 1, vidlator: a v. of the 
law of nations, juris gentium v., Liv. 4, 
19, post init.: a v. of a treaty, foederis 
v., Tac. A. 1, 58, post init. Q. ruptor: 
av. of a treaty, foederis r., Liv. 4, 19: 
a v. of a truce, indutiarum r., id. 8, 39, 
post med, 8. éversor a v. of the 
rights vf man, juris humani e., Plin. 28, 
1, 2,§6. Or expr. by verb: v. TO vIO- 
LATER (111). fj. A profaner: vidlator: 
v. templi, Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 27. Or expr. 
by verb (v. TO PROFANE). Wh. A 
ravisher,q.v. Phr.: a v. of chastity, 
pudicitiae expugnator Cic, Verr, 1, 4, 9. 
924 





violence : |. Inherent overpower- 
ing force, whether physical or mental : 
J, vidlentia: the continued v. of the 
storm, v. assidua hiemis, Col. 1, 1, 5: the 
v. of the suns ray, v. radii (solis), Plin. 
2, 16, 13, § 70. Fig.: the uncurbed v. 
of the upstart, novi (hominis) effrenata 
v., Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 26: frightened by 
his threats and v., minis ejus ac v, ter- 
ritus, Suet. Ner. 34, post init. 9. vis, 
vim, vi: plur, vires, f.: the v. of the 
storm, v. tempestatis, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 
76 (cf. v. venientis aquai, Lucr. 1, 280). 
Also strengthened by violentus: vio- 
lenta vis viri, Lucr. 5, 962: cf. vis vio- 
lenti venti, ib. 1225 (1222): v. also 
FORCE (subs.). 8, gravitas, atis, f. 
(rare in this sense): the v. of the weather 
and rains, g. coeli aquarumque, Liv. 23, 
34, post med.: the v. of disease, morbi 
g., Gic. N. D: 3. 31. 76. 4. intem- 
péries, ei, f. (inclemency): v. of the 
weather, i. coeli, Liv. 8, 18, init. Fig.: 
the v. (or outrageous conduct) of a 
Friend, i. amici, Cic. Att. 4, Grstuctis: 
cohortium, Tac. H. 1, 64: i. mulierum, 
Gell. 1, 23, ad jin. 5, saevitia: v. of 
the sea, s. maris, Vell. 1, 2, extr.: cf. i. 
(undae), Ov. H. 19, 23: v. of the season, 
s. temporis, Sall. J. 37: v. of storms, 
s, tempestatum, Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125. 
6, impétus, Us, m.: to assuage 
the v. of disease, morbi i. lenire, Petr. 
S. 17, post med.: v. also IMPETUOSITY. 
ardor, fervor: v. arpour (I1.). 
8, impotentia (want of moderation 
or self-restraint): no star’s fiery v. 
scorches the flock, nullius astri gregem 
aestuosa torret i., Hor. Epod. 16, 57. 
Fig.: a woman’s v., muliebris i., Tac. 
A. 1, 4, fin.s the v. of the veterans, 
veteranorum i., ib. 14, 31, med.: the v. 
of lust, libidinis i., Plin. 34, 3, 6, § 12. 
Q, iracundia: v. mascrBiLity. ff. 
Hostile or unjust force (viewed objec- 
tively): 1, vis, vim, vi: plur, vires, 
f.: v. inflicted is repelled by v., Vi vis 
illata defenditur, Cie. Mil. 4, 9 (cf. vim 
vi repellere, id. Sest. 17, 39): to offer v. 
to life, v. afferre vitae, id. Caecin. 21, 61: 
cf. v. alicui adhibere, id. Off. 3, 30, 110: 
with v., Vi s. per vim, id. pass. (v. also 
VIOLENTLY)* to proceed with v., vi gras- 
sari, Liv. 3, 44, post med. (or grassari, 
absol.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v.). 
Join: to inflict v. on one, vim et 
manus inferre alicui, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 21: 
to fight together with the greatest v., 
summa vi impetuque contendere, id. 
Fin. 3, 20, 66. 9. manus, tis, f.: to 
abstain from v., manibus abstinere, ‘l'ac 
H. 2, 44, ad med. (cf. manibus tem- 
perare, Liv. 2, 23, ad med.): v. also 
ForcE (subs. II.). 3, impétus, Us, 
m.: in the great v. of the sea, in Magno 
i. maris, Caes. B. G. 3, 8, init.: to with- 
stand so great v. of the winds, tantos i. 
ventorum sustinere, ib. 3, 13. 4. 
vexatio, injiria, indignitas, facinus: v. 
OUTRAGE. 5, maléficium: v. MIS- 
CHIEF (11.). G, saevitia: v. CRUELTY. 
Phr.: to take by v., rapere, etc. (v. TO 
SNATCH): to do », to (or treat with v.), 
violare: they think it wrong to do v. to 
guests, hospites violare fas non putant, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 23, fin. (v. also TO IN- 
JURE): cf. vexare, mulcare, etc. (v. TO 
MALTREAT): when I did v. to my feel- 
ings to bear those (thoughts) patiently, 
quum frangerem ipse me cogeremque 
illa ferre toleranter, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2: to 
do v. to one’s feelings so as not, etc., 
tormentum sibi injungere, ne, etc., Plin. 
Pan. 86, init.: the v. of animosities, 
vivida odia, Tac. A. 15, 49. II]. Vio- 
lence offered to chastity: vis: v. offered 
to a sister, v. allata sorori, Ov. A. A. I, 
679: cf. Cic. Mil. 4, 9: to suffer v., v. 
pati, Ov. M. 4, 233: to offer v. to one, 
v. afferre alicui, Liv. 38, 24, post init. 
(v. also RAPE, II: TO RAVISH, IL). 
violent: 1. véhémens, entis (opp. 
lenis, placidus: of persons and things) : 
a@ v. rain, v. imber, Lucr. 6, 516 (v. also 
HEAVY, VIIL.): a v. blow, v. ictus, ib. 
31o. Join: Fig.: v. acerque, Cic. 
Caecin. 10, 28: homo v. et violentus, id. 
Phil. 5, 7, 19 (v. also Frery, II.)- @ v. 





kind of speech, genus orationis v. atque 
atrox, id. de Or. 2, 49, 200: a v. decree 
of the senate, v. et grave senatus con- 
sultum, id. Cat. 1, I, 3: v. also VEHE- 
MENT. 2. vidlentus (stronger than 
preced.): most v. storms, violentissimae 
tempestates, id. Clu. 49, 138 (cf. violentior 
Eurus, Virg. G. 2,107). Fig.: a v. 
nature, v. ingenium, Liv. 1, 46, med. : v. 
rule, v. imperium, id. 45, 12,med.: v. Te- 
medies, v. medicamina, Vic. Pis. 6, £3 (but 
al. vinolenta, Nobbe): (cf. iratae medi- 
camina fortia praebere, Ov. A. A. 2, 489]. 
8, vidlens, entis (poet. for preced. : 
but violentus much more usual): Hor, : 
Pers. 4, furidsus, firibundus, ete. : 
v. FURIOUS, 5, impotens, entis (in- 
capable of self-control) ; a most v. fellow, 
homo impotentissimus, Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 
42. Join: victory makes them more ., 
victoria eos ferociores impotentioresque 
reddit, id. Fam. 4, 9, 3 (ct. ferox atque 
i. mulier, Suet. Ner. 28): most v. rule, 
impotentissimus dominatus, Cic. Fam. 
Io, 27, 1: fired to a much more v. 
frenzy, in multo impotentiorem rabiem 
accensi, Liv. 29,9, med. Also with gen. : 
v. in anger, i. irae, ib. post med. : efi 
amoris, Tac. H. 4, Rarely of 
things: e. g., i. Aquilo, Hor. Od. 3, 30, 3. 
§, acer, cris, cre: a v. engagement, 
a. proelium (v. sMART, adj., II.): v. yrief, 
a. luctus, Lucr. (Vv, also POIGNANT): cf. a. 
dolor, Virg. Aen. 7, 291: @ very v. wife, 
uxor acerrima, Pl. Mer. 4, 4, 56: v. mas- 
ters, domini a. Lucr. 6, 63 (61). ie 
effrenatus: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 5. v., 
and art. UNBRIDLED. 8, atrox, saevus, 
etc, : V. FIERCE, CBUEL, and Smith's Lat. 
Dict.s. vv. 9, gravis. V. FORMIDABLE. 
10. iracundus, etc.: v. PASSIONATE 
(IL), Hasty. 1], rapidus, etc.: v. RA- 
PID,SWIFT. 12, praeceps: V. RUSHING 
(adj.). Miscell.: to become v. (= to 
gain force), crebrescere, increbrescere, 
gliscere (v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. vv.): 
to be v. (lit. and fig.), furere, saevire 
(v. TO RAGE, I., II.): fo use v. means, 
expr. by vis with verb (v. VIOLENCK, 
11.): v. passions, libidines importunis- 
simae, Cic. Verr. 4, 50, 111: v, animosi- 
ties, vivida odia, Tac. A. 15, 49 (cf. 
odium magnum s. acerbum, Cic. pass.) : 
his most v. acts, quae impotentissime 
fecit, Sen. Ben. 4, 17, med.: to have a v. 
longing, flagrare cupiditate, Cic. pass. : 
to have av. hatred, odio flagrare, id. de 
Or. 2, 45,190: to fly into a v. passion, 
exardescere iracundia et stomacho, id. 
Verr. 2, 20, 48 (Vv. PASSION, 1V.): the 
more v. storms are, the shorter they last, 
procellae quanto plus habent virium, 
tanto minus temporis, Sen. (Quich.) : 
av. death, nex (Vv. DEATH, 3: ct. funus 
[poet.], letum: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
s. vv.): to die a v. death, neci occum- 
bere, Ov. M. 15, 499: (also expr. by pass. 
of verbs under TU KILL): to lay v. hands 
on oneself, vim suae vitae inferre, Vell. 
2, 45, ad fin. (cf. sibi manus afferre, 
Plane. in Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 4: Vv. also 
SUICIDE [tocommit] ); av. attack, vis (v. 
ASSAULT, subs. 1, 11.), impetus (v, AT- 
TACK, subs.): @ Vv. pain, morsus doloris, 
Cic. l'usc. 4, 7, 15: v. attacks of pain, 
taces dolorum, id. Off. 2, 10, 37: lesuffers 
from v. pains in the limbs, vehementer 
ejus artus laborant, based on Cic. Tusc. 
2, 25, 61 (cf. magnos articulorum [joints] 
dolores habere, id. Att. I, 5, 9): @ v. 
attack of gout, impetus podagrae, Plin. 
28, 4, 9, § 41° the pains become v., do- 
lores accrescunt, cf. Nep. Att. 21, med. : 
the disease becoming v., ingravescens 
morbus, Cic. Div. 2, 6, 16: to make a 
cough v., exasperare tussim, Plin. 23, 4, 
51, § 97 (cf. exulcerare dolorem, Plin. 
Ep. 1, 12, init.) : to have a very v. fever, 
febre ardentissima peruri, id. 7, 1, med.: 
a v. construction on words (or inter= 
pretation), perh. *interpretatio dura: 
s. contorta: to put av. construction on 
words, * verba dure interpretari (Georg. 
violently ; J, vidlenter: wt 
waves v. driven back on the shore, 
retortis litore v. undis, Hor. Od. 1, 2, 14% 
dogs attack v. one who comes near, Ve 
invadunt appropinquantem (canes), Col, 


VIOLET 


VilkiGiniliT ys 





9. 12, 7. the trial conducted roughly 
and v., quaestio exercita aspere v.que, 
Sall. J. 40, ad fin. 2. vébémenter . 
to behave v., ¥. se agere, Cic. Phil. 8, 5, 
16. v. angry, Vv. irata, P|. Truc, 2, 6, 64 
to harass one very v., insectari aliquem 
vehementius, Cic. Am. 16, 57. to jight 
very v., Vehementissime contendere, 
Caes. B.C. 3, 17, fin.: v. also FURIOUSLY, 
VEHEMENTLY 3, vis. per vim: to 
v., Vi grassari, Liv.. to wrest v., 
per vim extorquere, id. Cf. impetu: to 
rush v., i. ferri, Plin. 10, 23, 32, § 63: 
to strike one v., i. aliquem percellere, 
Cic. Dom. 49, 106. 4, acriter v. 
sTRONGLY (LL, 4). 5, graviter : v. 
GRIEVOUSLY, SERIOUSLY. 6. contenté : 
Vv. VEHEMENTLY. 7, férociter after 
many v. expressed opinions, multis f. 
dictis sententiis, Liv. 2, 55, jin.: v- 
also FIERCELY. 8, ardenter, avide, 
ciipidé, etc.: v. ARDENTLY, FAGERLY. 
Phr.: to pursue v. (may sometimes be 
expr. by), comps. of sector (vV. TO PUR- 
suk, I1., 2): v. to outrage a girl, (puel- 
lae) indigne per vim vitium offerre, cf. 
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 10. to be v. in love, v. TO 
sure (II.), PASSIONATELY, 
violet (subs.): |. The flower: 
1, vidla (under which term the 
Romans designated other flowers: v. 
Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v.): * Viola odorata, 
Linn.: dark v.s, nigrae (7. e. purpureae) 
y., Virg. E. 10, 39: pale-coloured vs, 
pallentes v., ib. 2, 47. cf. Plin. 21, 6, 14, 
§ 27: to smell of the v., *vivlam olere 
(Georg.). 9. ion, ii, n. (= tov). cf. 
Plin. ib. (solaeque [purpureae violae} 
Graeco nomine a ceteris discernuntur, 
appellatae ia.). Phr.: a@ bed (or bani) 
of v.s, violarium, Varr. R. R. 1, 35, 1: 
Virg. G. 4, 32: Hor.: Ov. (And even 
viola, simply, in this sense: to make a 
v.-bed, v facere, Col. Arb. 30.) ll. 
The colour: vidla; the paleness of lovers 
tinged with v., tinctus viola pallor 
amantium, Hor. Od. 3, 10, 14: cf. Ov 
M. 10, 190: a dyer of v., Violarius, Pl. 
Aul. 3, 5, 36. 
violet (adj.): 1, vidlaceus (violet- 
coloured): a v.-purple, v. purpura, Nep. 
in Plin. 9, 39, 63, § 136: a@ v.-gem, Vv. 
(gemma), id. 37, 10, 61, § 170 24. 
janthinus (= iav@.vos; like preced.) - 
v.-colour, i. color, id. 21, 8, 22, § 45: 4 
v.-dress, i. vestis, id. 21,6, 14, § 27. Also 
as subs.: v.-garments, ianthina, orum, 
Mart. 2,39. 3, vidlaris, e (pertaining 
to violets): v.-day, v. dies (the day on 
which graves were garlanded with 
violets, roses, etc.), Inscr. 
violin ; no exact equivalent: for the 
sake of distinctness, * vidlina (quae di- 
citur), must be used (Georg.): *giga, 
M. L.. to play (well) on the v., * violina 
(scite) canere (Georg.). 
violinist; *vidlinista (on the ana- 
logy of citharista, xuPapto7ys), Georg. 
violoncello : *vidlina ampla 
(Georg.): v. also BASS-VION. 
viper: 1. vipéra (*Coluber Berus, 
and Coluber aspis, Linn.). a small v. 
kills a@ huge bull with its bite, parva 
necat morsu spatiosum v taurum, Ov. R, 
Am. 421: v.’s young, (viperae) catuli, 
Plin. 10, 62, 82,§ 170. Prov.- (i.) to 
nourish a v. in one's bosom, v. nutricare 
sub ala, Petr.77 ad init. (ii.) there’s a 
v. tn the bush (of a hidden danger), v. 
est in veprecula, Pompon. in Non. 231 
13 (cf. “ latet anguis in herba,” Virg. E. 
3,93). Fig. asa term of reproach for 
a dangerous person v., vipera! Juv. 6, 
641 (cf. Flor 4, 12, 37) those poisonous 
and deadly v.s, v. illae venenatae ac 
pestiferae, Cic. Harusp. Resp. 24, 50 (ef. 
homines qui omne serpentum genus dolo 
superunt, based on Val. Max. 7, 6, extr.), 
or may be expr. by, scelesti homines. 
Q. aspis, idis, f (= ao7ts, the asp), 
Cie. Plin.: *Coluber, Linn. 8. ex- 
cétra ((perh. corrupted from éxidva 
only used fig. as a reproach): Liv. 39, 
11, intt.: Pl. Cas. 3, 5, 22. id. Ps. 1, 2, 
82. Phr._ v.’s flesh, vipereae carnes, 
Ov. M. 2, 769 (cf. viperinae carnes, Plin. 
4,2, 2, $27). v.’s bite, viperinus morsus, 
poet. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94: @ herb good } 





i) 


VIRTUE 





against a v.'s bile, herba viperalis, App. 
Herb. 89 v.’s fangs, Viperei dentes, cf. 
Ov. M. 4, 573: v.'8 poison (or venom), 
vipereum venenum, Lucan 9, 635 (cf. fel 
vipereum, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 16) v.s (i. €. 
potsonous) breath, viperea anima, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 351: v.’s blood, viperinus sanguis, 
Hor. Od. 1, 8, g. 

vinerous (only used fig. venomous, 
malignant: cf. * This viperous slander,” 
Shakesp.). Phr.. @ v. tongue, virus 
linguae, Sil. 11, 560 (557) cf. lingua 
suffusa veneno, Ov. M. 2, 777- 

virago: |. 4 female warrior (cf. 
Pope: “ To arms! to arms! the fierce 
virago cries.’’): virago, inis, f.: Vv. 
Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. I]. A vizen: 


ee 

Virgilian: Virgilianus- Plin.: Quint. 
Virgin (subs.): 1. virgo, inis, f. : 
he ordered Sabine v.s to be carried off, 
Sabinas v. rapi jussit, Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 12 
a Vestal v. Vestalis v., ib. 2, 14, 26: 
grown up v.s, grandes v., Mart. 3, 58, 40 
(ef. adulta v., Hor. Od. 3, 2, 8). The 
Virgin Mary, * Virgo, Hier. Also (of the 
constellation), Virgo, Arat. in Cic. N. D. 
2, 42, II0. 2. innupta puella: cf. 
Virg. G. 4,476. Also innupta absol., Cat. 
62 (64),78. Phr. tobeav., virum nor 
habere, cf. Cic. Verr. 1, 25, 64: as far as 
I am concerned, she is a v., a me pudica 
est, Pl. Cure. 1, 1, 51: to remain a v., 
thalami expertem vitam degere, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 550: J remain a v., innuba per- 
maneo, Ov. M. 14, 141: ¢0 act (or play) 
the v., virginari, Tert.: a v’s funeral 
pile, virginea favilla, Ov, M. 13, 697: 
ef. virgineum gymnasium [7. e. of the 
Spartan virgins], Prop. 3, 14 (4, 13), 2. 
The foll, epithets occur; intacta, Virg. : 
intemerata, id.: integra, Cic.: innupta, 
Virg.: innuba, Ov.: nuptiarum expers, 
Hor. 

virgin (adj.)< 1. virgo (used in 
apposition): a v.-daughter, v. filia, Cic. 
Rep. 2, 37, 63. the v.-goddess (i. e. 
Diana), v. dea, Ov. M. 12, 28: v.-sotl, 
terra v., Plin. 33, 3, 15, § 52. 9. vir- 
vinalis, e; v.-modesty, v. verecundia, Cic. : 
Vv. MAIDENLY (I.): a v.-cat (i. e., v.-stealer), 
v. feles, Pl. Rud. 3, 4,43. 3, virgineus 
(poet.): Ov.: Hor.: v.Smith’s Lat. Dict. 
s. Vv. 4, virginarius (only in Plaut.). 
av.-cat (i. e., v.-stealer), v. feles, Pl. Pers. 
4,9, 14. Cf. virginisvendonides (a v.-sel- 
ler’), id. 4,6, 20. See also foll. artt. 
-copper: aes rude, cf. Plin. 33, 
3, 13,§ 43. Simly., rudis may be used 
with other metals. 

—-earth or soil: terra virgo, 
Plin. 33, 3, 15, § 52 (cf. rudis campus, 
Virg. G. 2, 211: rudis terra, Varr. R. R. 
44, ad med.: rastro intacta tellus, Ov. 
M. 1, Ior). 

-forest: Phr.: vs, silvae sal- 
tusque intacti, Virg. G. 3, 40: cf. Her- 
cyniae silvae roborum vastitas intacta 
aevis, Plin. 16, 2, 2, § 6. 

-gold; aurum Apyron (= am- 
pov, without fire), cf. Plin. 21, 11, 38, § 
66 (who also uses aurum absol., in this 
sense, cf. id. 33, 3, 19, § 58). 

-honey: perb. *flos mellis (on 
the analogy of flos olei: v. VIRGIN-OIL): 
mel optimi saporis, Col. 9, 14. 

—— -oil (‘he jirst oil expressed from 
the olives): flos Olei: cf. quod post 
molam primum est, flos (olei), Plin. 15, 
6, 6, § 23. 

— -soil; V. VIRGIN-EARTH. 

-sulphur: ], vivum sul- 
phur (sulf-): Plin. 19, 1, 4, § 19. a 
Apyron (=arvpov) sulphur (prepared 

















without fire): vivum, quod Graeci 
apyron vocant, id. 35, 15, 50,9 175. 
virginity: 1. virginitas: to vio- 


late one’s v., V. violare, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 
59 (v. also TO RAVISH): in return for 
ravishing her v., erepta pro v., Virg. 
Aen. 12, 140: chaste v., impolluta v., 
Tac. A. 14, 35 (cf. illibata v., Val. Max. 
6,1, 4): prvpetuai v., perpetua v., Liv. 
I, 3, extr.: (Camilla chastely preserves @ 
love of v., C. virginitatts amorem inte- 
merata colit, Virg. Aen. II, 583. S. 
flos castus. when a virgin has lost her 
v. by defilement of body, (virgo) quum 





castum amisit polluto corpore flo’ 
Cat. 60 (62), sey pe ins 
irile; V. MASCULINE. 

virility‘ v. MaNHovup (II.). 

Virtual: no exact equivalent’ expr, 
by periphr. : e. g., quod re vera s. reipsa 
est, etc. (V. REALITY)* quod idem valet 
(R. and A.), 

virtually : re vera, reipsa (v. REALI- 
TY) this is v. the same case as the other, 
hoc re vera nibil omnino differt ab illo. 
Phr.: he nowhere actually says this, it 
is true, but v. so, non usquam id quidem 
dicit omnino, sed quae dicit idem valent 
(R. and A.). 

virtue: |. As agen. term, moral 
perfection (as a disposition, principle, 
or practice) : 1, virtus, itis, f.: v. ts 
@ consistent and harmonious Jrame of 
mind, making those praiseworthy in 
whom it exists, v. est affectio animi 
constans conveniensque laudabiles effi- 
ciens eos in quibus est, Cic. Tuse. 4, 15, 
34: v. itself may be defined most con- 
cisely as right reason, ipsa v. brevissime 
recta ratio dici potest, ib.. ef. id. Leg. 1, 
16, 45: good men hate to sin, from love 
of v. boni oderunt peccare virtutis 
amore, Hor, Ep. 1, 16, 52: a religious 
regard for v., superstitio (virtutis), Sen. 
Ep. 95, 35: all who possess v. are happy, 
omnes virtutis compotes beati sunt, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 13, 39. v. is very active, v. 
actuosa est, id. N. D. 1, 40, 110: the 
special quality (or force) of v., vis vir- 
tutis, id. Fam. 9, 16,5: the perfection of 
v., (Join), perfecta cumulataque v., id. 
Sest. 40, 86: (endowed) with these quali- 
ties of v. and vice, cum hac indole vir- 
tutum atque vitiorum, Liv. 21, 4. eztr. 
(cf. bonae animi indoles, Gell. 19, 12, ad 
med.): a pattern of v., documentum vir- 
tutis, Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 27: v. over- 
thrown (J oin), afflicta et prostrata v., 
id. de Or. 2, 52, 211: a man of extra- 
ordinary v., vir singulari v. praeditus, 
id. Dom. 39, 15 (cf. v. eximia, egregia, 
excellens, etc.: v. Nizol. Lex in Cic. 
Ss. v. virtus): to have v., virtutem 
habere, Cic. pass. (cf. virtute praeditum 
esse, based on id., v. supr.): to practise 
v., v. colere, id. Arch. 7, 16: lo strive 
after v., virtuti studere, id. Fin. 4, 24, 
65: teachers of v., virtutis magistri, id. 
Mur. 31, 65 (but aretalogos, = apera- 
Aoyos, is a babbler about v., a boaster, 
gen. of a Cynic or Stoic: Suet.: Juv.): 
to abandon the path of v., viam virtutis 
deserere, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 44: perh. too, 
for prose, via virtutis may serve, based 
on Cic. Leg. 1, 6,18 (justitiae vias). Q, 
hoénestas, atis, f., (honourableness of 
character): one pair ts left to fight 
out, pleasure and v. (metaph. from 
gladiators), unum par quod depugnet 
reliquum est, voluptas cum h., Cic. 
Acad. 2, 46, 140: to covet v. for its own 
sake, h. propter se expetere, id. Off. 1, 2, 
6: v. also HONOUR (subs., V.). 3: 
hdnestum, rectum (neut. adj. used as 
subss.: in sense like preced.): v., that 
which is cultivated by those who would 
be esteemed good men, h., quod colitur 
ab iis, qui bonos se viros haberi volunt, 
Cic. Off. 3, 4, 17: cf. bonestum aut i 
virtus est aut res gesta virtute, id. Fin. 
5,23, 66 (cf. rectum est quod cum virtute 
et officio fit, Auct. Her. 3, 2,3). Joins 
r. honestumque, Cic. Acad. 1, 6, 23. 
probitas, atis, f.: tried v., p. spectata, 
Tac. A. 13, 12. Join: a light of ». 
(of a man), lumen p. et virtutis, Cic. 
Am. 8, 27: V. INTEGRITY. 5, innd- 
centia, integritas: Vv. INTEGRITY, UP- 
RIGHTNEsS. 6, sanctimdnia, -anctitas : 
v. PurITY (5). Phr.. to allure one to 
v., aliquem ad recte faciendum allicere, 
Cic. Phil. 2, 45, 115. in the whole or life 
not to swerve from v., (lit. an upright 
conscience) a hair’s breadth (lit. finger’s 
breadth), in omni vita a recta conscientia 
transversum unguem non discedere, id. 
Att. 13, 20, 4° to turn oneself to v. (i.e, 
to reform oneself), ad bonam frugem se 
recipere, id. Coel. 12, 28 (v. Smith’s Lat. 
Dict. s. v. frux, IL, 3) the language of 
v., proba oratio (#. €. sermo probitatis et 
honestatis plenus, Forcell.), but al. probi 

925 


VIRTUOSO 


VISIBLE 








oratio (Nobbe), Cic. Or. 22, 74. Il. 
A particular moral excellence: virtus, 
itis, f.: all vs are equal, omnes v. 
sunt inter se aequales et pares, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 14, 55 to have all the v.s, omnes 
habere v., id. Off. 2, 10, 35. the cardinal 
v.S, Virtutes eae quae quasi fontes uni- 
versae honestatis sunt (Vv. CARDINAL, 
adj.): adorned with these v.s, self-con= 
trol, temperance, justice, virtutibus his 


ornatus, modestia, temperantia, justitia, | 


Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46: cf. virtutes conti- 
nentiae, justitiae, fidei, id. Mur. 10, 23 
@ portrait o/ the v.s, virtutum effigies, 
id. Arch. 12, 30. he shune out in v.s, vir- 
tutibus eluxit Nep. Pausan. 1, init. 
Prov.: to make a v. of necessity, facere 
de necessitate virtutem, Hier. in Rui. 3, 
m. 2: ef. quae casus obtulerat in sapien- 
tiam vertere, Tac. A, 1, 28, med.: 
*laudem virtutis necessitati dare (R. and 
A.). Ill. Chastety, q. v.: pudicitia. 
[Yor to 0b a woman of her v., v. TO 
DISHONOUR, RAVISH. } IV. Of animals 
and things, excellence, worth: ice 
virtus, Utis, f.: the v. (or excellence of a 
tree, a horse, v. arboris, equi, Cic. Leg. 1, 
16, 45. the v. (or strength) of wine, v. 
Bacchi, Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 20. 2. 
bonitas: v. GOODNEss, 3, laus, laudis, 
f.: fidelity is the v. of a dog, *summa 
laus canis in fide cernitur (R. and A.), 
V. Power, efficacy, esp. in medicine : 
1. vis, virtus: v.eFFIcacy. Join: 
(herbarum) vis et effectus, Cic. Div. 2, 
20, 47. 2. potestas (in plur.): 
Join: (herbarum) potestates visque, 
Plin. 25, 2, 5, § 9: cf. p. herbarum, 
Virg. Aen. 12, 396. 3. facultas (in 
plur.: rare in this sense): since all 
medicines have their special v.s, cum 
omnia medicamenta proprias facultates 
habeant, Cels. 5, praef., ad fin. 4, 
potentia : p. berbarum, Ov. M. 1, 522: 
Plin.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict. s. v. 5, 
expr. by adgj.: salutaris, efficax; e. g., 
the decoction has v. jor tooth-ache, ad 
dentium dolorem decoctum eorum salu- 
tare est, Plin. 24, 9, 42, § 71: v. Goop 
(adj., 11). 6, expr. by verbb.: facere, 
prodesse: e. g., to have v. Jor dysury, 
facere ad difficultatem urinue, id. 22, 18, 
21, § 46. Cf. also posse, Cic. Div. 1, 10, 
16: pollere, Piin. 24, 19, 110, § 171 (v. 
also Forcell. s. v.):; valere, Plin.: Cels. 
(v. Forcell. s. v.). Fig.: expr. by 
posse, valére: e. g., philosophy has not 
the same v. with all minds, (philosophia) 
nou idem potest apud omnes, Cic. (v. 
also INFLUENCE, subs., l.). Special 
Phr.: by (or in) v. of : expr. by (1.) an 
abl. simply: to prevail by v. of au- 
thority, auctoritate praevalere, Suet. 
Galb. 19° by v. of which command, quo 
imperio, Nep. Milt. 7, init.: cf. foede- 
ribus vetustis juncta Punica res Romanae, 
Liv. 9, 19, post med. (2.) ex or e (with 
abl.: in accordance with): by v. of the 
law, ex lege, Cic.: cf. ex foedere, Liv. 
(3.) per: by v. of the stipulations, per 
conditiones, Sall. J. 61, extr. (4.) pro: 
by v. of your practical wisdom, pro tua 
prudentia, Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2: cf. pro 
jure amicitiae nostrae a te peto, id. Att. 
Io, & (b.): v. also accounT (subs., 1IL.). 
virtuoso: rerum antiquarum studi- 
osus, based on Cic. Verr. 4, 7, 133 cf 
*rerum artificiosarum (works of art 
studiosus (Georg.) *artium amator 
(id.): *artium elegantiorum studiosus: 
V. also ANTIQUA RIAN, CONNOISSEUR. 
virtuous: |. Showing moral ex- 
cellence : 1, virtite pracditus. Cic. 
Dom. 15, 39 (cf. modestia pracditus, ib, 
42, 110). Also, virtutibus ornatus, id. 
Off. 1, 15, 46 (cf. id. Verr. 1, 48, 127). 
Also, virtutis compotes, id. Tusc. 5, 13, 
39. Phr.: to be v., virtutem habere, 
Cic. pass.: virtute praeditum esse, cf, 
supr.: to be very v., virtute plurimum 
praestare, Cic. Planc. 25,60: to be so v, 
that, etc., tanta viruute esse ut, etc., id. 
Font. 13, 39. 2, honestus: a most 
v. life, vita honestissima, id. Rose. Am. 
17, 48: Vv. HONOURABLE (III.). By 
rectus: v, dispositions, r. ingenia, Plin. 
Ep. 4, 7, med, (cf. r. consilia, Liv. 1, 24, 
int. : Yr. concent Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4). 
9 


is to act virtuously, boni est honeste 
facere, Quint. 5, 10, 64: Vv. GOOD (adj., 
Heals 3%) 5, probus: a v. son, p. 
filius, Cic. Verr. 3, 69, 161: V. UPRIGHT. 

6. fragi (strictly dat. of frux, but 
used as adj.): a v. life, frugi severaque 
vita, Cic. fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 4: v. 
also HONEST. 7. sanctus, pius: v. 





MORAL (adj., II.), PIOUS. 8. intéger : 
Vv. BLAMELESS. Join. of @ v. life, in- 
teger vitae scelerisque purus, Hor. Od. 1, 
22,1. Phr.: v. actions, actiones virtu- 
tibus congruentes, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58: 
any v, action, siquid recte fit, id. Parad. 
I, 9: to have led a thoroughly v. life, 
virtutis perfectae perfecto functum esse 
munere, id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109. Il. 
Chaste : 1, castus, ptidicus: v. 
CHASTE. 2. probus: who is reported 
by the citizens to be v., quam cives rumi- 
ficant pr bam, Pl. Amph. 2, 2, 46. 
Join: a v. woman, p. et modesta 
mulier, Ter. Ad. 5, 8,7: cf. p. et vener- 
andus, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 14. 8. honest- 
us: @ v. sister, h. soror, Hor. 8. 2, 3, 58. 
4. intéger: to preserve children 
and wives v. from one’s wantonness, 
liberos conjugesque integras ab alicujus 
petulantia conservare, Cic, Verr. Act. 
I, 5,14. Cf. bona mulier, Pl. Merc. 3, 
I, 16. 
virtuously: 1, cum virtute: to 
tive v., cum y. vivere, Cic. Fin. 3, 8, 29. 
2. honesté: to live happily und v., 
beate et h. vivere, id. Rep. 4. 3, 3: v.also 
virtuous (1., 4). 93, sancté: to behave 
most v., se sanctissime gerere, id. Q. Fr. 
I, 2, 4, 13: V. PIOUSLY: Vv. also CON- 
SCIENTIOUSLY, CHASTELY. Or expr. by 
adj.: e. g., to have lived v., vixisse 
probos, Hor. (Quich.). 
virulence: |. Lit.: devis 
(strength), with some qualifying word : 
the v. of poison, v. veneni, Cic. Coel. 24, 
53: they are compelled by the v. of dis- 
ease, V. morbi coguntur, Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 
23 V. VIOLENCE. 2, virus, ”.: v. 
VENOM. Il. Fig.: 1, virus, 7.: 
Cic. Am. 23, 87. 2. vénénum: pus 
atque v., Hor. S. 1, 9, I: v. VENOM. 
3, acerbitas: v. BITTERNESS, 
virulent : [. Lit: 1, viri- 
lentus: Gell.: v. VENOMOUS. 2. gra- 
Vis, e (of disease, severe): suffering from 
v. disease, morbo gravi aeger, Cic. Cat. 
I, 13, 31: V, SEVERE, DANGEROUS. Il. 
Fig.: acerbus: v. VENOMOUS, BITTER. 
viruleutly: Fig.: acerbé, aspéré 
V. BITTERLY, MALIGNANTLY. 








virus: Virus, %.: v. POISON, VENOM. 

Visage : 0s, Oris, m.: V. FACE, COUN- 
TENANCE, 

viscera: 1, viscus, Gris, m. (usu. 
in plur.: prop. the upper internal 
organs, heart, liver, etc., but often used 
gen.): Cels. praef. med. : id. 4,11: Lucr.: 





Quint. 2, exta, n. plur. (the wpper 
organs): the upper v. are divided jrom 
the lower, e. ab inferiore viscerum parte 
separantur, Plin. 11, 37,77. v. ENTRAILS. 
3, intestinum (usu. in plur.: the 
lower intestines, bowels): Cic. N D. 2, 
55, 13%. 4, intéraneum (@ lower in- 
testine) : Plin. 32, 9, 33: in plur., id. 
30, 7, 20: V. BOWELS, 5, ilia (m. 
plur.): Hor.: Juv. 
viscid: 1, viscidus: Theod. 
Prise. 2. viscdsus: Pall.: Prud, 
3, lentus: more v. than birdlime or 
pitch, visco et pice lentius, Virg. G. 4, 
4L. 4, ténax, acis: they hang their 
v, combs, t. suspendunt ceras, Virg. G. 4, 
161. Vv. STICKY, TENACIOUS, 
viscidity: lentor, Oris: the v. of 
pttch, |. picis, Plin. 6, 11, 22. 
Viscose: ViscOsus: Vv. VISCID. 
viscosity : lentor, Oris: v. viscrprty, 
Visibility : visibilitas (late): Tert.; 
Fulg. Better expr. by adj.. v. foll. art. 
visible: |. Perceivable by the eye: 
1, visibilis, e (late): App.: Prud. 
2. aspectabilis, e corporeal and 
v., corporeum et a., Vic. Tim. 4. ‘oF 
conspicuus (strikingly v.): the v. line 
of the barbarian army, c. barbarorum 


| Join: that which vs v., quod r., honest- | 
um, et cum virtute est, id. Parad. 1, 1,9. _ 
4, bonus: the mark of the v. man | 








VISIT 





acies, Tac. H. 4, 29: Ov. Hor. Phr. 
this v. world, haec omnia quae videmus, 
Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 213 hic quem cernimus 
mundus, id. Tim. 23 omnia que cer 
nuntur, id. Fin. 1, 6, 17: the first begin 
nings of things are not v., nequeunt 
oculis rerum primordia cerni, Luer. 1, 
269: the heaven is v., coelum ita aptum 
est ut sub aspectum cadat, Cic. Tim. 
5: to become v., cadere in conspectum, 
id. Tusc. 1, 22, 50. when only the rear 
was v., quum jam extremi essent m 
prospectu, Caes. B. G. 5,10: Vv. SIGHT: 
the star becomes v. in the morning, 
stella matutinis temporibus se aperit, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52. cf. Virg. Aen. 3, 
206: Metellus is v. with his army, Me- 
tellus cum exercitu conspicitur, Sall. 4; 
Vv. TO APPEAR, SEE, CONSPICUOUS, 
Yo render v., subjicere oculis, Cic. Or. 
49, 139: V. TO SHOW, DISCOVER. il. 
Noticeable, striking: wméanifestus; Vv. 
CLEAR, EVIDENT, ete. 
visibly : |. Perceivably by the 
eye: Phr.: with adj., oculi, ete.: v. 
preced. art. Il. Noticeably: mant- 
feste, évidenter Vv. CLEARLY, EVIDENTLY, 
ete. 
vision: |. Zhe faculty or act of 
seeing : 1, visus, ts: Cic. ap. Plin. 
7, 2, 2: Ov.: Quint.: v. sIGHT. 2: 
visio: App. 3, aspectus, is (Jooking, 
also the sense of sight): they lose ali 
power of v., a. omnine amittunt, Cic. 
Tusc. I, 30, 73: V. SIGHT. 4. con- 
spectus, us (loolcing, view): as far as v. 
extended, quo longissime c. oculi fere- 
bant, Liv. 1, 18: Vv. SIGHT, VIEW. by, 
prospectus, tis (poet.): my v. scans the 
Sead, aequora prospectu metior, Ov. H, 


10, 28. 6. obtitus, as: v. sIGHT. 
Phr.: with oculi: v. GAZE, EYE. ll. 
A thing seen, apparition : 1, visus, 


us: nightly v.s, nocturni v., Liv. 8, 6: 
terrified by the unexpected v., inopino ter- 
rita visu, Ov. M. 4, 232. Q, visum: v.s 
in dreams, v. somniorum, Cic. Tuse. 7 
41,97: tell me what the v. portends, di- 
age, visa quid ista ferant, Ov. Am. 3, 5, 
B32: 3. visio: an external v., externa 
et adventicia v., Cic. Div. 2, 58, 120, 
4, spécies (appearance): the same 
v. of aman is said to have appeared to 
both consuls, utrique consuli eadem di- 
citur visa s. viri, Liv, 8, 6: nocturnae s., 
id. 26, 19. 5, imago, inis (a shade, 
phantom) : why dost thow delude thy son 
with empty v.s? quid natum falsis ludis 
i,? Virg. Aen. 1, 408: Tib. 3, 4, 56. 
6, simtlacrum (a shade, phantom) : 
empty v.8 of sleep, s. inania somni, Ov. H. 


9, 39: V. SHADE. 7. somnium: v. 
DREAM. Ill, Fig.: 4 creation of the 
imagination : 1. somnium: w.s of 


madmen, delirantium s, Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 
42: V. DREAM. 2. imago (semblance, 
as opp. to substance): @ mere outlene 
and v, of glory, adumbrata i. gloriae, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3: V. SHADOW, SEM- 
BLANCE, 

visionary (subs.): perh. somnians : 
extravagances of ¥.s., portenta somnian- 
tium, Cic. N. D. 1, 8,18 v. ENTHUSIAST, 


visionary (adj.): |, Act.: 1, 
perh. somnians. v. prec. art. 2. fa- 
naticus: Vv. ENTHUSIASTIC, MAD. ll. 


Pass.: existing only in the imagina- 
tion: 1, vanus: v. VAIN, EMPTY, 
2. fictus  v, IMAGINARY. 

Visit (subs.): 1. perh, salitatio 
(paying a ceremonial call): when their 
v. is over, ubi s, defluxit, Cic. Fam. 9, 
20, 33 V. CALL. 2. a longer visit may 
be expr. by mansio, commoratio (stay, 
staying): that lovely scenery deserves a 
long v., amoenitas illa commorationis 
est, Cic. Fam. 6,19, 1 v. stay. Phr.- 
those to whom he pays the longest v., 
apud quos ille diutissime commoratur. 
Cic. Man. 5, 13, jin.- to beg him to put 
off his v., orare ut viseudi curam dif- 
ferret, Tac. A. 14, 6: I paid a pleasant 
v. to your suburban villa, fui libenter in 
tua suburbana villa, Cat. 44, 6. we all 
look forward to your v. with pleasure, 
carus omnibus exspectatusque venies, 
Cic. Fam. 16,4 v. foll. art. 

visit (v.): |, Togotoses | 


VISITANT 





viso, si, sum, 3° J sett/ed to come and v. 
you, constitui ad te venire ut te viserem, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 23. 9, visito, 1 (rare): 
when Carneades had vd him, quam 
visitasset eum Carneades, id. Fin. 5, 31, 
E 3. inviso, si, sum, 3: that you 
may v. us, ut nos i, id. Att. 1, 20, 7, jin. 
4, interviso, si, sum, 3 (¢o v. from 
time to time): you seldom v, mé, Nos 
minus i., id. Fam. 4, 1, j; 5, saliito, 1 
(to pay aceremonial call): Curtius came 
to v. me, Curtius venit salutandi causa, 
id. Att. 13,9, 1: V. TO CALL. 6, con- 
vénio, 4: Balbus suffers such pain in 
his feet that he does not wish to be v.'d, 
Balbus tantis pedum doloribus afficitur 
ut se conveniri nolit, id. Fam. 6, 19, 2. 
4, adeo, 4 (to approach, of persons 
and things): many have v.'d me, aliquot 
mea., ler. Andr. 3, 3, 2. tov. the towns, 
a. municipia, Tac. A. 2, 39: Caes.: v. 
TO APPROACH, ADDRESS. 8, dbeo, 4 
(to go over, of places): that you may v. 
my villas, ut nostras villas 0. possis, 
Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 5, fin. 9, circumeo, 4: 
when Caecina v.’d his estates, quum 
Caecina c. praedia, id. Caecin. 32, 94. 
10. fréquento, 1 (to resort to fre- 
quently): the talk of those who v. my 
house, sermones eorum qui f. domum 
meam, id. Fam. 5, 21, 1, fin.: less vd 
districts, loca minus f., Sall.J.17. = 11, 
célebro, 1 (to crowd, frequent): if they 
v. our house, a quibus si domus nostra 
celebratur, Cic. Mur. 34, 70. 12, ven- 
tito, « (to keep coming): many mer- 
chants v. them, multi ad eos mercatores 
v., Caes. B. G. 4, 3: she vid his house 
with a large retinue, illa multo comitatu 
v.domum, Tac. A. 11, 12, 18, pér- 
ambilo, 1 (to walle through): Hor.: 
esp. of a physician v.ing his patients, 
Sen. Ben. 6, 16. 14, colo, ui, ultum, 3 
(poet.): v. TO HAUNT. Much v.’d (of 
places) : fréquens, céléber: v. CROWDED, 
FREQUENTED. Esp.: to visit for 
inspection, etc. : 1, inviso, si, sum, 3 
(of divine supervision = éromrevw): to 
». cities, urbes i., Virg.G. 1,25. Q, cir- 
cumeo, 4 (more gen. fo visit for pur- 
poses of canvassing, etc.) : v.ing all their 
winter quarters, circumitis omnibus hi- 
bernis, Caes. B.G. 5, 2- 3, scriitor, I, 
récenseo, 2: V. TO INSPECT, EXAMINE. 
Ill. Esp.: to visit judicially: 
1, animadverto, ti, sum, 3: Cic. 2, 
vindico, I: v. TO PUNISH. Phr: he 
besought Caesar not to v. his brother's 
fault with heavy punishment, Caesarem 
obsecrare coepit ne quid gravius in {ra- 
trem statueret, Caes, B. G. I, 20, init.: 
my rashness is v.’d on my head, maximas 
poenas pendo temeritatis meae, Cic, Att. 
Et, 3,0. 
visitant : 
VISITOR. 
Visitation : |. Visit for inspec- 
tion, etc.: 1, perh. seriitatio (erami- 
nation): Sen. 2. perh. 1écensio (1 e- 
viewing, registering) + Cic. Mil. 27, 73. 
8, may be expr. by census, us (te 
registering and rating of Roman citi- 
zens: v. Smith’s Ant.): tm holding a v., 
in c. habendo, Cic. Verr. 2, 53, 131: av. 
was held, c. actus, Liv. 3, 22: Vv. EXAMI- 
NATION, INSPECTION. |, Judicial visi- 
tation, punishment: animadversio: v. 
PUNISHMENT. 
visitor: |]. A caller, guest: 1, 
salitator m., atrix, 7. : (one who pays a 
ceremonial call) : Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 9, 34: 
the crowd of v.s, turba salutatrix, Juv. 5, 
21. 9, salitans: they rival one an- 
other in their crowds of v.s, immensis 
salutantium agminibus contendunt, I'ac. 
H. 2,92: a tide of morning v.s, mane 
salutantum unda, Virg. G. 2, 461. 3: 
hospes, itis (a v. staying in the house, 
guest): Vv. GUEST. 4, advéna: v 
STRANGER. 0 veceive v.s, saliito, 1 
xtare): Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 3. Phr.: 
where he could amuse himself without 
troublesome v.s, ubi se oblectare sine 
interpellatoribus posset, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 
538. ||. An inspector, etc.: may perh. 
be expr. by censor, Gris: Vv. INSPECTOR, 
COMMISSIONER. 
visitorial: perb.censorius: v. power, 


perh. hospes, itis v 





VIVACIOTS 





censors). 
visor: 
of a helmet = rapayvabis): others po- 


|e. auctoritas, Cic. Clu. 42, 117 (of the] v. oliva, Virg. G. 2, 


|. bucciila (the cheek-piece | 8, 47. 


lish their v.s, alii b. tergere, Liv. 44, 34: | 


Juv. 10, 133. 
V. MASK. 
vista : perh. prospectus, is: v. VIEW. 


[I]. Fig.: perh. spécies : 


Visual; Pbr.: with visus, is, oculi, 
etc.: V. EYE, SIGHT. 
vital : |. Pertaining to life: 


vitalis, e: heat contains v. force, natura 
caloris in se habet vim v., Cic. N. D. 2, 
9, 24: thou breathest the v. air, auras Vv. 
carpis, Virg. Aen. 1, 387. The v. prin- 
ciple, anima: v. LIFE. BTA eye 
essential: Phr.: this is a v. point, id 
est maximi momenti et ponderis, Cic. 
Vatin. 4,9: Vv. IMPORTANT, ESSENTIAL. 
vitality; 1. vitalitas: v. remains 


in the heart, v. durat in corde, Plin. 11, | 


37, 69. 9, vis vitalis, Cic. N. D. 2. 9, 
24: spiritus v., ib. 2. 45, 117. 3. vi- 
vacitas: Plin.: Quint.: Col. 
vitally: |. With life: vitaliter : 
v. animated, v. animata, Lucr. 5, 146. 
Il. Fig.: essentially: imprimis: 
V. ESSENTIALLY, VERY. Phr.: this ts 
v. important, id est maximi momenti, 
Cic. Vatin. 4, 9. 
vitals: j, vitalia, ium, n. pl.: 
Plin.: Sen. 2, viscéra, um, n. pl. : 
V. ENTRAILS, VISCERA. 
vitiate: |. To spoil, impair: 
1, vitio, 1 (to spoil, pollute ; also, 
of documents, to falsify): a dreadful 
plague had v.d the air of Latium, diva 
lues Latias v. auras, Ov. M. 15, 626. 
2. corrumpo, tpi, ptum, 3: they 
can v. the morals of the community, c. 
mores civitatis possunt, Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 
32: Vv. TO CORRUPT. 3. dépravo, 1: 
nature is v.d by bad training, natura 
depravata est mala disciplina, Cic. Fin. 
2, II, 33. Join: corrupta ac depra- 
vata, id. Mur. 12, 27. 4, aidultéro, 1: 
deceit v.s one’s judgment of what is true, 
simulatio a. judicium veri, Cic. Am. 25, 
g2. 5, sometimes interpOlo, 1: v. TO 
FALSIFY, Phr.: I begin my dinner 
with no v.d appetite, integram famem 
ad ovum affero, Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 1. II. 
To render defective, invalidate : ie 
rescindo, scidi, scissum, 3. 9. irritum 
reddo, didi, ditum, 3: V. TO IMPAIR, IN- 
VALIDATE. 
vitiation: _|. Act or state of cor- 
ruption: depravatio: v. CORKUPTION. 
Il. Znvalidation: Phr.: with re- 
scindo, irritum reddo, etc.: v. TO IN- 
VALIDATE. 
vitreous; vitreus (ef glass): Juv.: 
Mart.: v. GLASS, GLASSY: v. humour, 
perh. vitreus humor, after v. ros (i. €. 
transparent), Ov. Am. 1, 6, 55. 
vitrifaction: Pbr.: with in vit- 
rum excoquo, converto: v. foll. art. 
vitrify : |. Prans.: in vitrum 
converto, ti, sum, 3, excOquo, xi, ctum, 
3: sand is vd by an admixture of 
natron, arenae admixto nitro in vitrum 
ex., Tac. Hist. 5,7, fin. |, Intrans.: 
in vitrum convertor, excdquor. etc. 
vitriol: *vitridlum: blue v., *v, 
caeruleum: green v. *V. viride: oil of 
v., *acidum vitrioli. 
vitrivlic;: *vitridlicus. 
vituperate: 1. vitupéro, 1: if 
any one were to wish to v. philosophy in 
general, si quis universam philosophiam 
v. velit, Cic. Tusc. 2) 1, 4. 9. re- 
préhendo, di, sum, 3: Vv. TO BLAME, 
CENSURE, REPROACH. 
vituperation : 1 


incur v., in Vv. venire, ib. 4, 7, 13- ey 
repréhensio: v. CENSURE, REPROACH. 
vituperative: sometimes malédi- 
cus (abusive): V. REPROACHFUL. 
vituperatively; sometimes malé- 
dicé (abusively) : V. REPROACHFULLY, 
vituperator : 1, vitipérator, 
Gris: to put to silence envious v.8, in- 
vidos v. confutare, Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 5. 
Q. repréhensor, Oris: v. CENSURER. 
vivacious: |, Long-lived: vivax, 


| Acis (of persons and things): the v. olive, 





vittipératio: | 
to visit with general v., communi Vv. | 
reprehendere, Cic. Verr. 5, 18, 46: to) 





VOCABULARY 


. excellence, 
virtus v. expersque sepulcri, Ov. Pont. 4. 
Il. Fig.: lively, active : L 
perh. vivax: sonewhat more v., paullo 
vivaciores (high-spirited, quick), Wuint, 
20 9. vividus (animated, vigor- 
ous): the v. power of his mind, v. vis 
animi, Lucr. 1, 73: V. VIGOROUS. 3. 
vivatus: v. powers of mind, animi v. 
potestas, Lucr. 3, 557. 4. végétus: 
a v. mind, v. mens, Cic, Tusc. 1, 17, 41. 
Join: v. et vividus, Liv. 6, 22 
vigens: (of the mind): Cic. Fin. 2, 
45: v.vicorous, 6, dlacer: v. BRISK, 
ACTIVE. 7. acer: Vv. KEEN, ARDENT. 
8, promptus (ready): J am glad 
you are v., te esse animo prompto ad 
jocandum valde me juvat, Cic. \. Fr. 2, 
13, I: V. READY, 9, hilaris, e (-us): 
V. CHEERFUL. 
: Vivaciously : 1, vivaciter (late): 
Fulg.: in comp., Prud. Q, acriter: v. 
BRISKLY, VIGOROUSLY, 
vivaciousness: vivacitas: v. folL 
art. 


181: v. 


14, 


vivacity: |. Tenaciousness of 
life: vivacitas: Plin.: Quint: Col. 
Il. Fig.: liveliness: vigour : 1. 


vivacitas: v. of mind, v. cordis, Arnob. 
5, 157- Q. alacritas (cheerfulness, 
brisiness): V. BRISKNESS. 3. vigor, 
Oris: V. VIGOUR, ENERGY. 4, hilaritas: 
Vv. CHEERFULNESS. 

vivarium: vivarium (an inclosure 
for game, fish, etc.): Plin.: Sen.: Juv. 

vivid: 1, vividus: @ v. repre- 
sentation of Mars, v. Martis imago, 
Claud. B. Get. 468: v. signa (life-like), 
Prop. 2, 31, 8: v. oratory, Vv. eloquentia, 
Macs As (13; 42. 2. perh, vivus: of 
life-like representations, v. vultus, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 849. 3. acer: v. LIVELY, 
sTRONG. Phr.: what we see makes a v. 
impression on our mind, visa mentem 
acriter impellunt, Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 66: 
to regard the case with most v. interest, 
causam quam maxime intentis oculis, ut 
aiunt, acerrime contemplari, id. Flace. 
Il, 26: to give one’s hearers a v. repre- 
sentation, in rem praesentem ducere 
audientes, Quint. 4, 2, 123: most v. like- 
nesses, imagines similitudinis indiscretae, 
Plin. 35, 10, 36: V. STRIKING. 


vividly: 1, vividé: in comp. 
Gell.: Amm. 9, acriter: v. KEENLY, 
STRONGLY. 

vivification : 1, vivificatio : 


Tert. 2, animatio: ert. 
vivifier : J, viviticator: Tert.: 
Aug. 9, animator, atrix, f.: Tert. 


vi : 1, ainimo, 1: whatever 
this is it v.s all things, quidquid est hoe 
omnia a., Pac. in Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131: 
they could not v. themselves, se ipsa a. 
non possent, Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 1£0. 9) 
vivifico, 1 (late) : Tert.: Prud.. v. To 
ANIMATE, ENDOW WITH LIFE, CREATE. 
vivifying : 1. vivificus: App. 
Amm. 9. génitalis, e: v. elements, 
g. corpora materiai, Lucr. 2, 61: Plin. 
3, génitabilis, e: Luer. 1, 11. 4. 
génialis, e: V. PRODUCTIVE, LIFE-GIVING, 
CREATIVE. 
viviparous: Viviparus. v. fish, v. 
pisces, App. Apol. p. 298. 
vixen: |, A she fox: vulpes, f.- 
av. wih young, feta v., Hor. Od. 3, 27, 
a ||. A quarrelsome woman: 
miilier jurgidsa, Gell. 2. may perb. 
be expr. by canis (cf. Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 
14: non tu scis, mulier, Hecubam qua- 
propter canem Graii esse praedicabant? 
quia omnia mala ingerebat quemquen) 
adspexerat): V. QUARKELSOME. 
vixenish: ], jurgidsus: Gell: 
V. QUARRELSOME. 2 mordsus: Vv. 
ILL-TEMPERED. 
vocable: vocabilum: v. worD 
vocabulary: |, Adictionary: 1, 
rh. * vocabilorum, verborum index 
parte is a summary, list, syUabus, or 
index, Cic. Att. 4, 46, 1): V. DICTIONARY 
2, onomasticon (dvonacrixov), 
prop. a vocabulary arranged according 
to subjects. |]. Stock of words: 
copia verborum, dicendi: our v. is not 
sufficiently copious for everything to be 
called by a name of its own, non ver- 
927 


VOCAL 


— 


borwn Tanta copia est res ut omnes pro- 
pnts vocabulis nominentur, Cic. Caecin. 
18, 51: V. COPIOUSNESS, FLUENCY. 
vocal: |. Possessing voice : Ble 
vocalis, e: v. strings, v. chordae, Tib. 2, 
5,3: (Echo) v. nymph, v. nympha, Ov. 


M: 3, 353: Plin. 2. sonorus: v. 
SOUNDING, ECHOING. I. Uttered by 
the voice: Phr.: with vox, os, etc.: 


the whole neighbourhood resounds with 
v.and instrumental music, cantu vocum 
et nervorum et tibiarum tota vicinitas 
personat, Cic. Rose. Am. 46, 134. 

vocally ; voce, ore, verbis: Vv. VOICE: 
vocaliter (late): Tert. is 

vocation : |. Call: _ 1, voca- 
tio (a citing, swmmons): Varr. De 
vocatus, iis: Cic.: v. CALL. I]. Call- 
ing: officium, minus: v. CALLING. 

vocative: vocativus: the v, case, v. 
casus, Gell. 14, 5- 

vociferate: 1, vociféror, 1: to 
v. openly, v. palam, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, 39 
if I now chose to v. this, si hoc nunc v 
velim, ib. 2, 21, 52. 2, vocito, 1 
Tac. H. 2, 41. 3. clamo, 1: v. To 
CRY, CALL. 

vociferation : 
the v. of Flavius, Flavii v., Cic. Verr. 5, 
60, 156: id. Clu 10, 30. 2. vocifér- 
atus, is: Plin. 10, 60, 79. 3, clamor, 
oris : V. CLAMOUR, SHOUT. 

vociferator: 1, vociférator, Oris: 
Tert. 92, clamator: v. CRIER, CALLER. 

vociferous: Pbhr.: they assailed 
the judices with v. shouts, clamoribus 
maximis judices corripuerunt, Coel. in 
Cic. Fam. 8, 2,1: the v. applause of the 
mob, acclamationes multitudinis, Liv. 
31, 15: (in Cic. acclamatio gives the 
idea of disapprobation) : v. LOUD, CLA- 
MOROUS. 

vociferously : magno clamore: 
Maximis clamoribus: v. LOUDLY, CLAM- 
OROUSLY. 

vogue: mos, moris: he said that it 
was not in v. with the Greeles, negavit 
moris esse Graecorum, Cic. Verr. 1, 26, 
66: v. FASHION, CUSTOM. 

voice (swbs.): |. Faculty or mode 
of utterance: vox, vocis, f.: nor does 
thy v. sound human, nec v. hominem 
sonat, Virg. Aen. 1, 328: J advocated 
the Voconian law with a loud v., legem 
Voconiam magna voce suasi, Cic. de 
Sen. 5, 14: the quality of the v., vocis 
figura, Auct. Her. 3, 11, 19 (v. the pas- 
sage for expr. for strength, etc.. of v.): 
tone of v., vocis genus, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 
117 (v. the whole passage: v. also id. 
Or. 17, 54, Seq.). |]. Sound uttered : 

1, vox: a stag terrified by the v.s 

of the hunters, cervus venantum vo- 
cibus conterritus, Phaedr. 1, 12, 7: 
also of inanimate things: the horn fills 
the shores with iis v., buccina litora 
v. replet: Virg. Aen. 7, 519. 2 
sdnus: v. SOUND. 8, sdnitus, ts 
Vv. SOUND. 4. sometimes cantus, tis 
(of the v. of birds or musical instru- 
ments): the v.s of birds, c. avium, Cic. 
Div. 1, 42, 94: Vv. SONG: as soon as the 
%. of the trumpets was heard, simul ac 
tubarum est auditus c., Liv. 25, 24: v. 
SOUND. II]. Opinion expressed, sif- 
Jrage: 1, vox: universal agreement 
is the v. of nature, omnium consensus 
naturae v. est, Cic. ‘usc. 1, 15, 35. QA, 
sententia: Caecina determined in ac- 
cordance with the v. of his friends, 
placuit Caecinae de amicorum s,, id. 
Caecin. 7, 20: V. OPINION, VOTE. Phr.: 
Agricola was demanded as general with 
one v., Agricola uno ore dux poscebatur, 
Tac. Agr. 41: the general v, was for 
gene} omnium consensu pax facta, Caes. 

. G. 2, 29, extr.: he wins every v., 
omne tulit punctum (vote, token of ap- 
probation), Hor, A. P. 343. 

voice (v.): |]. Trans.: praedico, 
I: V. TO PROCLAIM, UTTER, PUBLISH. 

{], Intrans.: clamo, 1: v. TOCRY. 

voiceful: vocalis, e: v. VOCAL. 

voiceless: sine voce, mitus, élin- 
guis: Vv. SPEECHLESS, DUMB. 

void (subs.): |. inane (empty 
tpace): (also inanYtas, vacitum): v. 
vacancy (I.). Il. Fig.: lactina (a 

928 





VOLATILE 


gap, defect): they devoted themselves to 


jilling up the v. thus caused in their 


property, dederunt operam ut illam 1. 
rei familiaris explerent, Cic. Verr. 2, 55, 
138: V. DEFICIENCY, WANT. 

void (adj.): |. Empty: vaicuus, 
inanis: v. EMPTY. I]. Vacant, of an 
office, ete.: vVacuus: V. VACANT. Ul. 
Fig.: Empty of, wanting: . va- 
cuus: with abl., the mind in sleep is v. 
of sensations and anxieties, animus per 
somnum sensibus et curis v., Cic. Div. 
2, 11, 27: with gen. poet.: with prep. 
ab: v, of hatred, affretion, anger, and 
pity, v. ab odio, amicitia, ira atque mi- 
sericordia, Sall. C. 51. 9, inanis, e: 
most v. of counsel, inanissima pruden- 
tiae, Cic. Mur. 12, 26. 3, expers, 
pertis: with gen.: animals are v. of 
reason and speech, ferae sunt rationis 
atque orationis e., id. Off. 1, 16, 50, 
fin.: strength »v. of counsel, vis con- 
sili e., Hor. Od. 3, 4, 65: with abl.: 
v. of fear, e. metu, Plaut. Asin. I, I, 
31: Sall. 4, inops, Spis (needy, des- 
titute): with gen.: you had described 
a man v. of refinement, descripseras i. 
quendam humanitatis, Cic. de Or. 2, 
Io, 40: with prep.: was I so v. of 


Friends? tam i, ego eram ab amicis? 


id. Dom. 22, 58: V. DESTITUTE. 5. 
égénus (needing): v. of all hope, e. 
omnis spei, Tac. A. 1, 53: Virg.: with 
abl. Tac. 6, @gens: v. WANTING. 
1, stérilis, e (barren, unproductive) : 
the age is not so v. of virtue, non adeo 
virtutum s. seculum, ‘l'ac. H. 1, 3: Pers.: 
Vv. BARREN, 8, privatus: the nature 
of the gods is v. of all pain, divom na- 
tura est p. dolore omni, Lucr. 1, 50. 
9, liber (free): v. of all fear, 
omni 1. metu, Liv. 7, 34: Vv. FREE, 
EXEMPT, 10, purus (undefiled): v. of 
guilt, sceleris p., Hor. Od. 1, 22, 1. 
Phr.: that you may be v. of all suffer- 
ing, ut omni dolore careas, Cic. Am. 6, 
22: to be v. of anxiety and trouble, 
cura vacare et negotio, id. Leg. 1, 3, 8: 
that we may call him v. of prudence, ut 
illum nihil sensisse dicamus, id. Rab. 
Post. 1, 1: I should be v. of feeling uf 
I did not love you, ferreus essem si te 
non amarem, id. Fam. 15, 21, 3. IV. 
Wanting in effect, invalid: 1, irri- 
tus (invalid): he made the will v., 
testamentum i. fecit, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 
10g: let them be null and v., irrita in- 
fectaque sunto, id. Leg. 2, 8, 21, fin. 
2, sometimes vanus (hollow, fruit- 
less): wills which were null and v., 
v. et irrita testamenta, Suet. Cal. 38: 
Vv. VAIN. 8, nullus (of no account): 
so you think the laws null and v.? 
igitur tu leges n. putas? Cic. Leg. 2, 6, 
14. Phr.: may be expr. by gen., etc, 
of price: to treat as null and v., nihili 
pendére: v. VALUE: you have made v. 
the acts of M. Antonius and annulled 
his laws, acta M. Antonii rescidistis, 
leges refixistis, Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 5: to 
make v. the existing laws by enacting 
new ones, tollere veteres leges novis le- 
gibus, id. de Or. 1, §8, 247: V. TO ABRO- 
GATE, ANNUL, CANCEL. 
void (v.): |. Zo make or leave 
empty: vicuéfacio, feci, factum, 3; 
vicuo, I: Vv. TO EMPTY, VACATE. Phr.: 
to v. the field, discedere victus, Sall. C. 
49. I. Zo annul, cancel: rescindo, 
sCidi, scissum, 33 irritum facio, feci, 
faetum, 3: V. TO ANNUL, CANCEL. ili. 
To emit, discharge: 1, Evomo, ui, 
itum, 3: Cic. N. D. 2, 49,124: Fig.: 
to v. his venom and spite, e. virus acer- 
bitatis suae, id. Am. 23, 87: id. Phil. 5, 
4, 20. 9, exinanio, 4: to v. bile, e. 
bilem, Plin. 28, 8, 36. 3. reddo, idi, 
itum, 3: r. sanguinem, excrementa, etc., 
Plin. 4. Grumpo, tipi, ptum, 3: v. 
TO DISCHARGE, VENT. 
voidable: *quod rescindi (tolli) 
potest: v. TO ANNUL, CANCEL. 
volatile: |, Lit.: perh. *quod 
caelo subjectum tenuatur, dissipatur, 
vim integram perdit. Volatile salt: 
* sal volatilis. I. Fig.: 1, vo- 
laticus: how v. is the academy, O v. 
academiam, et sui similem, modo hue 








VOLUMINGUS 





modo illuc, Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3: v. and 
Frivolous, v. et levis, Sen. Ep. 42, med, 
9, lévis,e: v. LIGHT. 8, varius: 
Vv. CHANGEABLE, VERSATILE, 
volatility: Fig.: perh. lévitas: v. 
LIGHTNESS (OF MIND), LEVITY. 
volcanic: 1. vulcanius: Virg. : 
v. Stones, *saxa vulcania (Kr-). 2) 
flammas eructans, Just. 4, I, 4: ignes 
evomens, Sil. It, 17. 594 (e Kr.). Phr.: 
Ceres is said to have lighted her torch 
at the v. fires of Etna, dicitur Ceres in- 
flammasse taedas iis ignibus qui ex 
Aetnae vertice erumpunt, Cic. Verr. 4, 
48, 106: v. foll. art. 
volcano: *mons vulcanius (no clas- 
sical authority). Pbhr.: mons cujus ex 
vertice ignes erumpunt: v. preced. art. : 
mons eructans flammas, vaporem, fu- 
mum, Just. 4, I, 4: mons arenas flam- 
marum globo eructans, Plin. 2, 103, 106 
(e Kr.): mons evomens ignes, Sil. It. 17, 
594- 
volition ; voluntas: v. WILL, CHOICE. 
volley: |]. Lit.: Phr.: the line 
of the Gauls was overwhelmed with v.s of 
missiles, nubes levium telorum conjecta 
obruit aciem Gallorum, Liv. 38, 26: 
v.s of darts fall on them, tempestas 
telorum et ferreus ingruit imber, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 284: v.s of stones, jaculationes 
saxorum, App.: V. STORM, SHOWER. 
I]. Fig.: Phr.: av.of complaints, 
tempestas querelarum, Cic. Pis. 36, 29: 
amid this v. of words, in hac veluti 
jaculatione verborum, Quint. 6, 3, 43: 
before he could pour out this v. of words, 
priusquam illam eloquentiae procellam 
effunderet, id, 11, 3, 158: they assail 
Fufius with vs of abuse, Fufium cla- 
moribus et conviciis consectantur, Cic. 
Att. 2, 18, I: V. STORM, SHOWER. 
volubility : |. Lit.: vélubilitas 
(whirling motion) : v. mundi, Cic. N. D. 
2, 19, 49. |]. Fig.: of speech: vola- 
bilitas: v. of speech, v. linguae, Cic. 
Planc. 25, 62: others like fluency and v., 
flumen aliis verborum v.que cordi est, 
id. Or. 16, 53: V. FLUENCY. 
voluble: |. Lit.: volubilis, e 
(whirling) : v. caelum, Cic. Tim. 6, jin. = 
V. WHIRLING. ll. Fig., of speech: 
volibilis: v. speech, v. oratio, Cic. Brut, 
28, 108: a very v. speaker, homo volu- 
bilis quadam praecipiti celeritate dicendi, 
id. Flac. 20, 48: v. FLUENT. 
volubly: Fig.: voltbiliter: his 
speech is delivered v., funditur oratio v., 
Cic. Or. 62, 210: V. FLUENTLY. 
volume: |. Gen. a roll, whirl: 
1, volumen, inis: 7. (the snake) trails 
his vast v., (anguis) sinuat iimmensa vo- 
lumine terga, Virg. Aen. 2, 208: v.s of 
smoke, v. fumi, Ov. M. 13, 601. a 
spira (a coil): of a serpent, Virg. G. 2, 
154: V. COIL. 3, sinus, tis (a curve, 
fold): V. FOLD. ||. Esp. of a book, 
a roll: volimen: to unfold a v., Vv. ex- 
plicare, Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, tot: to twin 
over @ v., evolvere v. (éo unroll in the 
process of reading), Quint. 2, 15, 24% 
Cic. Ill. A division of a@ work, a 
part. ], voliimen: the third day’s 
discussion will make up the third v, 
tertius dies disputationis hoc tertium v 
efficiet, Cic. Tusc. 3, 3, 6: Plin. 6, 29, 
34. 9. liber: I have finished three 
v.s., tres l. perfecti sunt, Cie, Div. 2, 5 
3: Quint. With liber omitted: in 
Livius’ first v., in T. Livii primo, Quint. 
9, 2, 37: Cic.: v. BOOK. 3, tomus 
(= topos, a slice): M. Aur. in Front. : 
v. PART. |V. Of the voice: mag- 
nitiido (strength): Vv. VOICE. 


voluminous : J, Lit: I 
voliminosus (late): of the coils of a 
serpent, Sid. Carm. 9, 76. 2. sinus 


dsus (winding): the v. coils (of a ser- 
pent), s. volumina (serpentis), Virg. 
Aen. II, 153. ll. Fig.: 1, perh. 
copidsus: the one is more condensed, the 
other more v. in his style of speaking, 
densior ille, hic copiosior in eloquendo, 
Quint. 1, 1, 106: Vv. FULL, COPIOUS. 

9. diffisus: a v. work, diffusum 
opus, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 6: @ v. writer, 
(scriptor), per multa diffusus volumina 
Col. 1, 1, 10: V. DIFFUSE. 


YOLUMINOUSLY 





voluminously: 1. copidse: c. et 

abundanter, Cic : Y SOPIOUSLY, FULLY. 
2. diffuse: Cic.; v. DIFFUSELY. 

voluminousness : 1, copia 
(fulness of expression): Cic.: v. CO- 
PIOUSNESS, FULNESS, 2. amplitiido 
ST and dignity): a. Platonis, 

ic: Or. 1,.5- 3. longittido (length) : 
v. of speech, |. orationis, Vic. Part. 17,59. 

voluntarily : 1, vdluntate, mea 
(sua) voluntate (of one’s own will or 
determination, opp. vi or invitus et co- 
actus): when (Regulus) had v. returned 
to Carthage, quum sua v., nulla vi co- 
actus, Carthaginem revertisset, Cic. Fin. 
2, 20, 65: the other states v. submitted, 
aliae civitates v. in ditionem venerunt, 
Liv. 29, 38, ad init. 2. sponte, mea 
(su&) sponte (of one’s own motion or 
ampulse, not prompted by external com- 
pulsion, inducement, or assistance): 
whether v. or summoned by decree of 
the senate, sive ipse s, sua, sive senatus- 
consulto accitus, id. 10, 25: he replied 
that he had spoken v., s. dixisse re- 
Spondit, Tac. A. 1, 8. Join: sua 
sponte et voluntate, Cic. Part. 37, 131. 

3, ultro connected with ille (il, ol, 

ul), opp. citro (v. Dr. Smith's Lat. 
Dict.), implying doing, over and above, 
something not asked or expected, may 
often be rendered even, actually, nay 
more: good men came forward v. to 
support Plancius, viri boni Plancio se 
u, offerebant, Cic. Planc. 10, 26: / could 
wish for nothing which Caesar has not 
bestowed on me v., nec mihi quidquam 
in mentem venit optare quod non u. 
mihi Caesar detulerit, id. Fam. 4, 13, 2: 
Join: ultro et sponte, Suet. 4, li- 
benter (Jab.): Vv. WILLINGLY, READILY. 
{ Nore.—Vo6luntarie is late: Arn.: Hyg.]} 
Phr.: may be expr. by ipse: there is 
nothing which I think Caesar will not 
v. grant, nihil est quod non ipsum 
Caesarem tributurum existimem (of 
himself), ib. 6, 13, 2: V. VOLUNTARY. 
T went v. to destruetion, prudens et 
sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam 
sum profectus (with my eyes open), Cic. 
Fam. 6, 6, 6. 

voluntariness: Phr.: may be 
expr. by adj. or adv.: Vv. VOLUNTARILY, 
VOLUNTARY. 

voluntary: 1, voluntarius (of 
persons and things): (i. of persons) 
After procuring v. auxiliaries, quum 
vy. auxilia comparavissem, Cic. Fam. 15, 
4, 3: @ v. agent, Vv. procurator, id. Brut. 
4, 1). (ii. of things) I must die a v. 
deuih, consciscenda mors v., id. Fam. 7, 
3,3: Liv. 6,1, med.: they hoped for a v. 
surrender, v. deditio sperabatur, Tac. 
Hist. 2, 45, init. 2. volens: J, 
Turnus, am @ v. suppliant, v. vos 
Turnus adoro, Virg. Aen. £0, 677. a 
spontanens: v. motion, s. motus, Sen. 

p- 121, 7. 4. ultroneus: opp. jussi, 
Sen. Q. N. 2, 59, 7. Instead of these 
two words we should find the idea expr. 
in good Latin by the adv. sponte and 
ultro. Phr.: (He suid) that his death 
was not v., nec illum sponte exstinctum, 
Tac. A. 3,16: he died av. death, mortem 
sibi conscivit, Liv. 3, 58; sua manu ce- 
cidit, Tac. A. 3, 43; vim vitae suae attu- 
lit, ib. 6, 38: v. SUICIDE: that we should 
go into v. exile, ut exsilium ac fugam 
nobis conscisceremus, Liv. 5, 53, med.: 
the wise man alone is always a@ v. agent, 
soli hoc contingit sapienti, ut nihil facia 
invitus, nihil coactus, Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34: 
V. VOLUNTARILY. 

volunteer (subs): véluntirius, 
miles voluntarius: he knew that v.s 
would not be lacicing, neque sibi volun- 
tariorum copias defore intellexit, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 56, ad init.: v.s, v. milites, id. 
B. C. 3, 91, jin. 

volunteer (a4j.): v. VOLUNTARY. 

volunteer (v.): 1, Gen.: sponte, 
ultro facio: they v.’d to aid Plancius, 
Plancio se witro offerebant, Cic. Plane. 
Io, 26: v. VOLUNTARILY. |]. Esp. of 
soldiers : *sponte nomen dare, profiteri. 

voluptuary (subs.): | 1, volup- 
tarius (one whose theory is that pleasure 
is the chief good): Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 47. 





‘ VORACIOUSNESS 


VOTER 





2. luxiiridsus: the things which 
give pleasure to v.s, ea quae sunt 1. 
efficientia voluptatum, id. Fin. 2, 7, 21. 

3, libidindsus (licentious): Join 
with lux.: he is a most thorough v., nihil 
isto luxuriosius nibil L, id. Pis. 27, 66. 
Phr.: if a man is somewhat of a v., 
si quis est paullo ad voluptates propen- 
sior, id. Off. 1, 30, 105: a@ mere v., * vo- 
luptatibus (corporis) deditus: v. sEN- 
SUAL, LICENTIOUS. 

voluptuary (adj.): voluptarius: a 
v. excitement of mind, animi elatio v., 
Cic. Fin. 3, 10, 35: v. foll. art. 

voluptuous: 1, véluptarius : a 
v., soft, and effeminate schvol of thought, 
v., delicata, mollis disciplina, Cic. Fin. 
1,11,37. 2, voluptudsus ( pleasant) : 
Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 2. 8. luxiridsus : the 
Surniture of a v. man, |. hominis su- 
pellex, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66. 4, libidi- 
nosus: v. pleasures, 1. voluptates, id. 
Fin. 1, 18, 59. Phr.: a v. life, *vita 
voluptatibus dedita: v. SENSUAL, LICEN- 
TIOUs. 

voluptuously: 1, luxuridse: to 
live v., 1. vivere, Cic. Coel. 6, 13. Phr.: 
to live v., diffluere luxuria, et delicate ac 
molliter vivere, id. Off. 1, 30, 106: v. 
SENSUALLY, LICENTIOUSLY. 2. volup- 
tudsé: Sid. Ep. 5, 20. 3. voluptarie: 
App. M. 3, p. 138. 

voluptuousness: _1, perh. lux- 
tiria (luxuries) (extravagant living): 
v. ts produced in a capital, in urbe 1. 
creatur, Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 75: Vv. 
LUXURY, EXTRAVAGANCE. 2. vo- 
luptas, libido, lascivia: v. PLEASURE, 
LICENTIOUSNESS. 

volute: vélita (a spiral ornament 
on the capitals of columns): Vitr. 4, 1: 
id. 3, 3- 

vomit (subs.): |, Matter vomited : 

1, vémitio: various colours of v.s, 
varii colores v., Plin. 25, 5, 25. a 
vomitus, Us: Plin. 23, 8, 80. I]. An 
emetic: médicamentum vomilicum : 
Coel. Aurel. : v. EMETIC. 

vomit (v.): J. Trans.: 5 
vomo, ui, itum, 3: to v. blood, v. sam- 
guinem, Plin. 26, 13, 84. Transf. in 
gen.: Charybdis v.s forth the waves, 
Charybdis v. fluctus, Ov. H. 12, 125: 
Virg. G. 2, 462. 2, €vdmo, ui, itum, 3: 
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124. Transf. in gen.: 
to v. forth fiames, flammas e., Plin. 
Fig.: he vd forth a speech upon me, 
in me orationem e., Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 20. 

3. Eructo, 1: v.ing venom, saniem e., 
Virg. Aen. 3, 362: in gen., Zartarus 
v.ing horrid steam, Tartarus horrificos 
e. faucibus aestus, Lucr. 3, 1025: Virg. 

I]. Intrans.: vémo, ui, itum, 3: 
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23. 

vomiting: 1, vomitio: dogs cure 
themselves by v., V. canes alvos curant, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 126 9. vomitus, is: 
Plin. 8, 48, 72: to discharge by v., Vv. 
reddere, id.: the caper produces v., cap- 
paris v. facit, id. 13, 23, 44. 

vomitive : 1. voOmificus, Coel. 
Aurel. 9, vodmitorius: a v. root, 
bulbus quem v. vocant, Plin. 20, 9, 41. 

vomitory : vomitoriwa (in x. plur., 
the outlets from the theatres or amphi- 
theatres) : Macr. S. 6, 4. 

voracious: 1, édax, acis: you 
have lost your v. friend, e. hospitem 
amisisti, Cic. Flac. 17, 41. Fig.: of fire, 
Virg. Aen. 2, 758. 9, vorax, acis 
(chiefly fig.: devouring): what Charyb- 
dis is so v.? quae Charybdis tam v.? 
Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 61: of fire, Sil. 4, 687. 

8. avidus (greedy): v. guests, con- 
vivae a., Hor. S. 1, 5, 75. Fig.: of 
flames, Ov. M. 9, 172: V. GREEDY. 

voraciously : 1, avidé: Suet.: 
fig., Cic.: (in comp.) they eat and drink 
too v., avidius vino ciboque corpora oner- 
ant, Liv. 41, 2: Vv. GREEDILY. SB. 
voraciter: Macr. S. 7, 5, med. 

voraciousness : 1, édacitas: I 
Fear the boy's v., e. pueri_pertimesco, 
Cic. Q. Fr. 3,9,9: Plaut. 2, voracitas: 
Eutr.: App.: fig. of fire, Plin. 2, 107, 
Irr. 8, aviditas: lettuce causes v., 
lactuca in cibis a. incitat, Plin. 20, 7, 26 
Vv. GREEDINESS. 

30 


| 





i 


voracitv ; &dicitas: v. preced. art. 

vortex: 1, vertex, icis (vor.): v 
WHIKL, WHIRLPOOL, EDDY. 2. turbo 
inis: V. WHIRL, WHIRLWIND. 

votaress: perb. cultrix: Lact.: v, 
foll. art. 

votary: perh.cultor aniggard and 
unfrequent v. of the gods, parcus deorum 
c, et inirequens, Hor. Od. 1, 34,1. Phr. 
a v. of pleasure, deditus voluptatibus; 
propensus ad voluptates: Cic.: v. pE- 
VOTED: WORSHIPPER. 

vote (subs.): |, Propr.: 1, suf- 
fragium (a ballot, vote): the centuries of 
the equites with siz v.8,equitum centuriae 
cum sex V., Cic, Rep. 2, 22, 39: the vs 
of the multitude, 8. multitudinis, id. Leg. 
I, 16, 43: to take the v.s of the centuries, 
centurias in s. mittere, Liv. 31, 7. e 
sententia (the expressed opinion, vote, of 
@ senator, judex, etc.): Scamander was 
condemned by the v.s of all (the judices), 
ompibus s, Scamander condemnatus est, 
Cic. Clu. 20, 55: he asked the accused 
whether he preferred the v.s to be given 
secretly or openly, quaesivit ab reo clam 
an palam de se sententiam ferri vellet, 
ib. 3, punctum (lit. a mark made in 
a waz tablet as a sign of a vote): to ob- 
tain v.s, p. ferre, id. Plauc. 22,54. Fig.: he 
gains every v., omne tulit p., Hor. A. P. 
343. I. The possessing a v., suffra- 
gium: tt ts the people’s right to give v.s, 
populi esse s. quibus velit impertiri, 
Liv. 38, 36. Support by v., suffragatio: 
the support of the soldiers has great 
effect in the consular election, in consule 
declarando multum auctoritatis habet s. 
militaris, Cic. Mur. 18,38. ||], Transf. 
in gen., judgment: ], suffragium: a 
rhetorician according to your v., rhetor 
8. tuo, Cic. Phil. 2, 17,42. 2, sententia: 
V. OPINION. 3, consensus, ts: the ge- 
neral v. was in favour of peace, omnium 
c. pax facta, Caes. B. G. 2, 29, extr.: v. 
CONSENT, DECISION, 

vote(v.): |. Trans.: J], censeo, 
2: (the senate) v.d an altar to Clemency, 
aram Clementiae censucre, Tac. A. 2, 94: 
what the senate has v.d, quae patres cen- 
suere, Liv. 31, 7, jin. 2. déceruo, 
crévi, crétum, 3: when the senate v.d 
Africanus a triumph, quum senatus 
triumphum Africano d., Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 
22: provinces are v.d to private indi- 
viduals, provinciae privatis d., Caes. B.C. 
Xe) Gack 8, jiibeo, 2: v. TO ORDER, DE- 
CREE. [|], Intrans.:  ], suffragium 
féro, tuli, latum, ferre, irreg.: what 
is more disgraceful than for needy 
and abandoned persons to v. concerning 
a man’s life and status? quid est in- 
dignius quam de ejus capite egentes et 
perditos s. ferre? Cic. Dom. 18, 46. 
suffragium ineo, 4 (to record one’s v.): 
others v., alii s. ineunt, Liv. 3, 17. ; 
sententiam féro: of a judex: Cic. Clu. 
20, 55: ib. 26, 72, fin. Vo v. for, sup- 
port a candidate: suffragor, 1: they 
had come together, not only to vole Jor, 
but also to see P. Scipio, convenerant 
undique non s. modo sed etiam spec- 
tandi causa P. Scipionis, Liv. 28, 38: 
Cic. Mur. 34,71. To v. for a candidate, 
suffragio suo ornare, adjuvare, aliquem, 
Plin. Ep. To v. in favour of any one’s 
motion in the senate, in sententiam 
discedere, Liv. 3, 41: when all v.d in 
favour of his motion, quam omnes in 
sententiam ejus pedibus trent, Liv. 9, 8, 
ad jfin.: most v.d the same way, pars major 
in eandem sententiam ibat, id. 1, 32, ad 
jin. Phr.: hev.d against the return of 
the prisoners, captivos reddendos in se- 
Gatu non censuit, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39: when 
the many asked me to v. Jor this decree, 
quum multitudo a me ut id decernerem 
(= decernendum censerem) postularet, 
id. Att. 4, 1, 6 (propose and support) : 
I not only v.d, but also tried to induce 
you, non solum decrevi (= decernendum 
censui) sed etiam ut decerneretis labor- 
avi, id. Prov. Cons. 11, 28: they v.d for 
Curio's proposition, Curioni assenserunt, 
id. 1, 14, 5- 

voter: |. One who votes: qui 
suffragium fert: v. preced. art, iL 
One who possesses the right of voting: 

929 


VOTING? WA BD E Tt 


VULGAR 





qui suffragium, jus ferendi suffragii, 
habet : v. preced. art. Il]. 4 voter 
in favour of any one: suffragator: the 
comparison of v.s, suffragatorum com- 
paratio, Cic. Mur. 21, 44: Vv. SUPPORTER. 
voting-tablet; tabella: used in the 
comitia: am I to wait till 75 v.-t.s are 
sorted concerning you ? an ego exspect- 
em dum de te quinque et sep/uaginta t. 
dirimantur (al. lec. diribeantur)? Cic. 
Pis. 40, 96, init. A sorting of v.-t.8, 
diribitio; Cic. Planc. 6, 14. A sorter 
of v.-t.s, diribitor, Oris, id. Pis. 15, 36. 
The place where v.-t.s ave sorted, diribi- 
torium, Suet. Claud. 18: Plin. 6, 40, 76: 
{others take diribeo and its derivatives 
to refer to the distribution of v.-t.s for 
voting: v. Smith’s Ant. 414]. 
-urn: 1, urna: he draws 
(the names of ) three (judices) froin the 
u., educit ex u. tres, Cic. Verr. 2, 17, 42. 
2. cista (the box for depositing votes 
at the comitia): he upsets the v.-urns, Cc. 
dejicit, Auct. Her. 1, 12, 21 (v. Smith’s 
Ant. 288). 8. called also cistella: 
Auct. Her. I, 12, 11. 4, sitella (an 
urn from which the centuries, etc. were 
drawn by lot): a v.-urn was brought, s. 
allata est, Liv. 25, 3, ad fin.: Plaut. 





Cas. 2, 4, 14. 5, called also sitila: 
ib. 2, 6, 7. 
votive: votivus: a v.-tablet, v. 


tabula, Hor. Od. 1, 5, 14: v. games, v. 
audi, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 10, 31. 
vouch: A, Tranus.: |, To call 
to witness : 1, testor, 1: Iv. all gods 
and men, ego omnes homines deosque 
t., Cic. Caecin. 29, 83. 92, obtestor, 1: 
VY. TO WITNESS. [I]. 70 attest, war- 
rant, confirm: 1, testor, 1: what 
plain does not v, our impious conflict ? 
quis non campus impia proelia t.? Hor. 
Od. 2, I, 31. 9. testificor, 1: you v. 
what I said or wrote, t. quid dixerim aut 
scripserim, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33: V. TO 
ATTEST. 3. contirmo, 1: all of whom 
v. the truth of this circumstance of Dion’s 
money, quorum omnium testimoniis de 
hac Dionis pecunia confirmatum est, Cic. 
Verr. 2, 8, 23. 4. affirmo, 1 (¢0 corro- 
borate): v.ing the truth of the deserters’ 
reports, transtugarum dicta a., Liv. 28, 
2, ad init. 5, fidem facio, féci, fac- 
tum, 3: (these things) v. the fact of the 
Theri having miyrated, f. faciunt Iberos 
trajecisse, Tac. Agr. If: v. TO PROVE. 
6, may be expr. by spondeo, 2: v. 
TO PLEDGE, ENGAGE, PROMISE. If 
praesto, 1 (to warrant, be responsible 
for): V.TOWARRANT. B, Intrans.: 
to bear witness: testificor, 1: v. TO 
TESTIFY, WITNESS. 
— for: v. To voucn (II.). 
voucher: |. One who vouches or 
attests : 1, auctor, Oris: the fathers 
thinking him an insufficient and un- 
trustworthy v. in so great a matter, a. 
levem, nec satis fidum super tanta re 
patres rati, Liv. 5,15, fin.: we are v.s 
that the majesty of the Roman name 
shall there be safe, a. sumus tutam ibi 
majestatem Romani nominis fore, id. 2, 
48. 2, testis: most trustworthy v.s, 
t. locupletissimi, Cic. Brut. 93, 322: v. 
WITNESS. 8, confirmator, Oris: a v. 
jor the money, c. pecuniae, id. Clu. 26, 
92: V. SURETY. Il. An attesting 
document, etc., warrant : 1, auc- 
toritas: you think the v.s and papers of 
the state are of no value in court, nibil 
putas valere in judiciis civitatum a. ac 
literas, id. Verr. 3, 62, 146: v. WAR- 
RANT. 2. may be expr. by testimon- 
jum; v. EVIDENCE. 
vouchsafe: } Trans.: concédo, 
cessi, Cessuml, 3: V. TOGRANT: (the idea 
of condescension, efc., may perh. be expr. 
by ultro with the verb used). Il. 
Intrans.: dignor, 1: v. TO DEIGN. 
vow (subs.): J, In religious sense : 
1. votum: to make a »v., v. susci- 
pere, Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 93: v. nuncupare 
(to pronounce before witnesses), id. Verr. 
5, 13, 34: we are bound to God by the 
obligation of a v., v. sponsione obliga- 
mour deo, id. Leg. 2, 16, 41: to pay a v., 
v. solvere, id. Phil. 3, 4, 11: v. reddere, 
id Leg. 2, 9, 22 (for other expr., v. Dr. | 
930 i 





Jinement, low, in bad taste : 


Smith’s Lat. Dict.). 9. sometimes dé- 
votio (devoting) : devoting oneself to God 
by a v., deorum d., Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 55. 
3. religio (rell.) (the obligation of a 
v.): because he said he was hindered by 
v.s, quod se r. impediri diceret, Caes. 
B.G.5,6,med.: v.oaTH. |f, Gen.: a 
solemn promise, pledge: pevh. fides, 
sponsio: is this your marriage v.? 
haecne marita fides? Prop. 5, 3, 11: v. 
PROMISE, OBLIGATION. 
vow (v.): |, Trans.: in religious 
sense : 1, vo6veo, vovi, votum, 2: 
Vullus vd ten Salii and temples to 
Pallor and Fear, Tullus decem y. Salios 
fanaque Pallori ac Pavori, Liv. 1 27. 
2. dévoveo, 2: they v. their spoils 
to Mavs, Marti ea quae bello ceperint d., 
Caes. B. G. 6, 17: Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95. 
|]. Intrans.: toassent or premise 
solemnly : 1, spondeo, spopondi, 
sponsum, 2: J promise, undertake, v., 
promitto, recipio, s. (foll. by inf.), id. 
Phil. 5, 18, 51. 2. despondeo, 2. 8, 
promitto, isi, issum, 3: V. TO PROMISE. 
4, confirmo, 1: to v. with an oath, 
jurejurando c. (foll. by inf.), Caes. B. G. 
5, 27: V. TO DECLARE. 
vowel: vocalis (sc. litera): a hiatus 
caused by v.s coming together, quasi 
hiatus concursu vocalium, Cic. Or. 23, 77. 
voyage (subs.): 1, navigatio: 
I learned from your letter the course of 
your v.s, ex Wis literis cognovi cursum 
n. tuarum, Cic. Fam. 13,68, 1: theisland 
isa day’s voyage from the mainland, in- 
sula a continente diei navigatione abest, 
Plin. 37, 8, 32. 2. cursus, ts (the 
course of a ship at sea): such a storm 
suddenly arose that none (of the ships) 
could continue its v., tanta tempestas 
subito coorta est ut nulla earum (na- 
vium) c. tenere posset, Caes. B. G. 4, 
28: if he has seen ships on the direct v. 
to Rhodes, si naves in c. Rhodum pe- 
tentes viderit, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50: the 
island is one day’s v. off, insula abest 
diei cursu, Plin. 4, 13,27. Phr.: as yet 
my voyage has been pleasant, though 
slow, ego adhue magis commode quam 
strenue navigavi, Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1: two 
persons who had commenced their v., duo 
quidam quum jam in alto navigarent, 
(were in the open sea), id. Inv. 2, 51, 153: 
persons starting on a v., portu solventes, 
id. Mur. 2,4: they began their v., a terra 
solverunt, Caes. B. C. 3. lof: Vv. TO SAIL. 
voyage (v.): navigo, 1: Dionysius 
was v.iny to Syracuse, Dionysius n. 
Syracusas, Cic. N. D. 2, 34, 83: v. TO 
SAIL, and gen. TO TRAVEL ; V. preced. 
art. 
voyager: 1, vector, Oris (a pas- 
senger): Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 27. 2, pére- 
grinator, Oris: v. TRAVELLER. 
vulgar (subs.): 1. vulgus (volg.) 
n.: the judgment of the wise man is at 
variance with that of the v., sapientis 
judicium a judicio y, discrepat, Cic. 
Brut. 53, 198: the profane v., profanum 
v., Hor. Od: 33,1; 1. 2. multitido 
(the many): he who depends on the false 
opinions of the ignorant v., qui ex errore 
pendet imperitae m., Cic. Off. 1, 19, 65. 
8. plebes (plebs): a crowd of the 
v., multitudo de plebe, Liv. 5, 39. 
vulgar (adj.): |. Pertaining to the 
multitude, general: 1, vulgiaris,e: in 
all arts not in v. and general use, in 
omni arte cujus usus Vv. communisque non 
sit, Cic. Kin) 3)'t,3- 9, communis, e: 
V.GENERAL, COMMON: Join: c. et vul- 
garis, Cic. 8. usitatus: v. ORDINARY, 
USUAL. |]. Im bad sense: lacking re- 
1, perh. 
plebeius: though we seem to you v. and 
beggars, quanquam nos videmur tibi 
pleb. et pauperes, Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 12. 
2. sometimes may be expr. by 
Ineptus (wanting in tact, vulgarly 
ostentatious, etc.): ineptus, quod non sit 
aptus, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17: one man is 
somewhat v. and loud-tongued, i. et jac- 
tantior hic paullo est, Hor. S. 1, 3, 49. 
3. inconcinnus (wanting in grace, 
awkward): boorish and vulgar rough- 


mess, asperitas agrestis et i, Hor. Ep. 1, | 


18,6. 4, sometimes agrestis, ¢ (clown- 











WADE 





ish): one class of men is ignorant and 
v., alterum hominum genus indoctum et 
a., Cic, Part. 25,90. Join: agrestis et 
inconcinnus. 5, sometimes insulsus 
(without taste): Cic. 6. inurbanus 
(boorish): Cic.: Vv. RUDE, BOORISH. 7, 
sordidus; v. LOW, MEAN, BASE. 
vulgarity: best gen. word perh. 
ineptia (usually in pl.: senseless want 
of taste): Cic.: v. RUDENESS, BOORISH= 
NEss. Phr.: expr. with adj. : v. preced. 
art. 
vulgarly: |. Commonly: vulgo: 
Vv. COMMONLY, GENERALLY. (J. In bad 
sense : 1, _ineptée eae 3) We 
TASTELESS, Q, rusticé: Cic. . per- 
vulgate (after the manner of the people): 
p. dicere, Gell. 
vulgarize: 1, vulgo,1: let them 
not v. the honours of the magistrates, 
honores patrum ne v., T'ac. A. 11, 23, 
jin. 9. pervulgo, 1: fo v. the re- 
wards of merit by bestowing them on 
ordinary persons, praemia virtutis in 
mediocribus hominibus p., Cic. Inv. 2, 
39, 114. 
vulnerable: quod vulnerari, quod 
vulnus accipere potest, after Cic. and 
Liv. (e Kr.): Phr.: elephants are 
most v. under the tail, elephanti sub 
caudis maxime vulnera accipiunt, Liv. 
21, 55 (e Kr.): v. TO WOUND. 
vulnerary: vulnérarius: a v. plas- 
ter, v. emplastrum, Plin. 23, 4, 40. 
vulneration: vulnératio: Cic. Cae- 
cin. 16, 47. 
vulpine: |. vulpinus: Plin. 28, 
II, 47- ll. Fig.: astitus, callidus, 
versutus: V. CRAFTY. 
vulture: |. Propr.: 1, vultur 
(volt.), iris: carcases which v.s did not 
touch, cadavera intacta a v., Liv. 41, 21, 
med.: Virg. Aen. 6,597. 2, vultirius 
(volt.): libe v.s, they scent their prey be- 
jore, quasi v. prius praedivinant quo die 
esuri sint, Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 16: Lucr. 
I]. Fig.: a rapacious person: 1, 
vultur: to what v. will this be a prey ? 
cujus v. hoc erit cadaver? Mart. 6, 62, 
4: Sen. Q, vultiirius: the v. in com- 
mand of their province, v. illius pro- 
vinciae, Cic. Pis. 16, 38: id. Sext. 33, 71. 
3. harpyia (a harpy): Sid. Ep. 5, 7. 
4. harpago (lit. a grappling-hook) 
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 13: v. RAPACIOUS. 
yvulturine ; vultarinus (volt.): Plin.: 
art. 


W. 


AD (subs.): for a gun: perh. 
*fartira: or use *stuppa, xyli- 
num, lana, according to the material em- 
ployed. 
wad (v.): |. To line with a soft 
material: Phr.: to w. a cloak, *pal- 
lium lana (xylino, etc.), infercire, den- 
sare, introrsus obducere: v. TO LINE. 
Il. Zo stuff: farcio, infercio; v. To 
STUFF. 
wadding: |. Fora gun: v. Wap. 
||. 4 soft material for lining, etc. : 
*lanugo xylina condensata ad vestes 
inferciendas, obducendas. 
waddle: Phr.: to w. like a dwk, 
* anatis in modum incedere, (Kr.). (No 
known single word: vacillare is simvly 
to reel, stagger, as a drunicen man). 
wade: no single word: expr. by 
per aquam, per vada ire, incedere, etc. 
Phr.: to w. through the sea, pedibus 
pontum per vada transire, Luer. 1, 201: 
to w. across a river, flumen vado trans- 
ire, Caes. B. G. 1, 6: to w. about a 
lagune, stagnum vadis pervagari, Liv. 
20, 45, ad jin.: to w. right through the 
lagune to the city, medio stagno evadere 
ad moenia, ib, extr.: for one day’s march 
they had to w. through water of un- 
certain depth, unius diei itinere per in- 
certa vada emergendum fuit, Freinsh. 
Curt, 2, 11, med. Fig.: to w. through 
slaughter to a throne (Gray), *per cae- 
dem ac funera ad regnum grassari, per= 
venire. 


waders: an order of birds: *gral- 
latores (lit. stilt-walicers) : Cycl. 

wafer : |. Ordinary:  perb. 
*pastillus signatorius, or crustulum 
signatorium (Kr.). Phr.: as thin as 
a w., admirabili tenuitate: or simply, 
praetenuis: v. THN. — {], Sacramental : 
* oblata (sc. hostia): Serr. Eccl, (Kr.): 
*panis eucharisticus (this last term 
being suited to indicate the non-sacri- 
ficial doctrine of the Sacrament): Serr. 
Eccl. (Kr.). 

waft: féro, porto, transporto (to 1. 
across): vého, trausvého (to w. across) : 
subvého (to w. upwards), etc.: Vv. TO 
BEAR, CAKR\, CONVEY. 

wag (subs.): 1, jécilator: Cic. 
Att. 4, 16, ad init. 2. dérisor (one 
given to mock and banter): what aw. 
you always will be, ut tu semper eris 
derisor, Hur. S. 2, 6, 54. 8. homo 
festivus (@ merry person): a wealthy 
ald man and merry w., locuples et fes- 
tivus senex, Cie. Att. 4, 16, ad init. 

4, ridiciilus: owr young men now 

make penniless w.s keep their distance, 
juventus jam r. inopes ab se segregat, 
PL. Capt. 3, 1, 10: they don’t value w.s 
at three unciae, neque r. terunci faciunt, 
ib. 17. Also, homo ridiculus: if any 
man wants a i., si r. hominem quaerat 
quispiam, Pl. Stich. 1, 3, 17. 


wag (v-.): |. Trans.: moto, 
quasso, mO6veo: Vv. TO MOVE, SHAKE, 
Phr.: to w. the tail, leniter atterere 


caudam, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 31. I], In- 
trans.: mdveor, igitor, etc.: v. TO 
SHAKE, intrans. 

Wage (v.): Phr.: tow. war, bellum 
gerere (the most gen. term): he w.d 
many wars most successfully, bella 
multa felicissime gessit, Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 
1g: they w. war unceasingly, continenter 
betlum gerunt, Caes. B. G.1, 1: of the 
aggressor, to w. war against, inferre 
alicui bellum, arma, etc.: Vv. WAR. 
Fig.: to w. perpetual war against, 
*jmmortali odio, ira, ete., persequi. 

wager (subs.): 1, sponsio: a 

w. (as to the issue of a combat), 
audax sponsio, Juv. 11, 200: to win a 
f., Sponsione vincere, Macr. Sat. 2, 13, 


Pl. Men. 3, 3, 20. (This word is also 








WAINSCOT 





written separately mands pretium, Liv. 
34,7.) 3, stipendium (commonly of | 
soldiers’ w.): Vv. PAY. Il. Fig.: any 
reward, recompense, etc.: merces, pre- 
tium, praemium v. REWARD. Ul. 
Fig.: ina had sense, punishment : : 
(rarely) merces: w. o/ folly, temeritatis 
m., Liv. 39, 55. 9. stipendium: the 
w. of sin is death, s. peccati mors, Vulg. 
Rom. vi. 23. 3, poena, supplicium: 
V. PUNISHMENT, 

waggery: Witty sayings: ib 
ficétiae: J have often seen wit and w. 
do much in court, multum in causis 
saepe lepore et facetiis profici vidi, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 54, 219. Q. festivitas: a 
pattern of our old native w., imago anti- 
quae et vernaculae festivitatis, Cic. Fam. 





g, 15, med. 8, liidus, jécus, ete.: v. 
FUN, BANTER. 4, * verba, dicta Jocosa 
(Georg.). 


Waggish: dicax, jécdsus, festivus, 

ridiciilus, etc.: Vv. WAG. 
waggishness: |. Vhe quality of 
being waggish : 1, dicacitas (implies 
banter, smart attack: significat  ser- 
monem cum risu aliquos incessentem, 
Quint. 6, 3, 21): @ sharp and short style 
of wit (repartee) is called w., peracutum 
et breve genus facetiarum dicacitas 
nominata est, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 218. 
9. festivitas (implies less raillery, 


more playfulness): Cic. |]. Waggish 
sayings: V. WAGGERY. 
waggon : 1, carrus (four- 


wheeled, for soldiers’ baggage): they re- 
solved to buy a number of beasts of 
draught and w.s, constiterunt jument- 
orum et carrorum numerum coemere, 
Caes. B: G. 1, 3. 2. plaustrum (most 
gen. term for a w. or cart for agricul- 
tural purposes): thrown into a w., in 
plaustrum conjectus, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 57: 
the Eleusinian mother’s slow rolling w.s, 
tarda Eleusinae matris volventia plau- 
stra, Virg. G. 1, 163. 8. sarracum : 
the fir tree sways as the w. comes, corus- 
cat sarraco veniente abies, Juv. 3, 255. 

4. véhiciilum (gen. term for @ con- 
veyance, but used of military baggage- 
w.s): w.s and camp-followers mixed, 


ad fin. : to offer a w. that the green will | mixta vehicula et lixae, Tac. H. 2, 41, 


not win, sponsione provocare si prasinus 
palmam (habet), Petr. Jo, extr. (ed. 
Burm.). Sponsio is often used of a kind 
of w.in Roman law-courts : to challenge 
to a w., sponsione lacessere, Cic. Verr. 3, 
57, 132: to win, lose a w., sponsionem 
vincere, sponsionis condemnari, Cic. 
Caec. 31, QI. , pignus, Gris, 7». 
(strictly the stake): they lay any w. 
that it is S., quovis Sabinum pignore 
esse contendunt, Cat. 44, 4. Phr.: to 
offer w. of battle, *provocare ad pug- 
Nam: v. TO CHALLENGE. 
wager (v.): 1, spondeo, spopondi, 
sponsum, 2: J w. that the green wins, 
spondeo (or, sponsione provoco) ni 
prasinus palmam habet: J w. that the 
green does not win, sp. si prasinus, etc. : 
cf. Burm. ad Petr. 70. 2, sponsione 
provoco, lacesso: v. WAGER (subs.). 
wages: |. Of a labourer, soldier, 
: 1, merces, Edis, f.: workmen’s 
w., fabrorum m., Cic. Verr. 1, 56, 147: 
to support poverty by the w. of manual 
labour, manuum mercede inopiam toler- 
are, Sall. C. 37: good, fair w., merces 
magna, digna, aequa, Cic.: low, poor w., 
m. parva, iniqua, Cic.: to pay w., mer- 
cedem tribuere, Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 43 
dare, id. Phil. 2, 17, 433; persolvere, id. 
Dom. 9, 23: to receive w., m. accipere, 
id. Rose. Am. 29, 80: high w. are 
offered to us by you, magna m. pro- 
posita est nobis a te, i. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 
ad fin.: Laomedon deprived the gods 
of their promised w., Laomedon des- 
tituit deos mercede pacta, Hor. Od. 3, 
3, 21: to raise, lower w., *mercedem 
augere, minuere: having lowered tie 
players’ wages, mercedibus scenicorum 
recisis, Suet. Tib. 34. 2. minupré- 
tium (price of handiwork, as dis- 
tinguished from value of material): 
give me the gold, I will pay the work- 
men’s w., cedo mi aurum, ego m. dabo, 


ad fin. 5, plostellum (@ little w., 
toy-w.): to harness mice to a w., plo- 
stello adjungere mures, Hor. S. 2, 3, 247. 

waggoner : 1, *carri, plaustri 
ductor, agitator (this last poet., cf Virg. 
Gl) 2473): 2. plaustrarius: Ulp. 

3. bubulcus (if waggon be in the 

context): he met the w.at the gate and 
asked him what was in the waggon, bu- 
bulco praesto fuit ad portam: quaesivit 
ex eo quid esset in plaustro, Cic, Div. 1, 
aE Le 4. vectirarius (a public 
carrier) : to supply oxen to the w.s, dare 
boves vecturariis, Cod. Theod. 5. 
*qui pro mercede vecturas facit (Kr.). 

wagtail: a bird: motacilla (quia 
caudam motat): Warr.: Plin.: Linn. 

wait: |. Of things: w.s and 
Strays: *res abjectae, res quas nemo 
vindicat : of persons: @ w. and stray, 
*ignotus et erro. |]. In a legal sense, 
goods thrown away by a thief to secure 
escape: *jactura (cargo thrown over- 
board to save a ship). 

wail (subs.): v. WAILING. 

wail («.): 1, ploro, 1: they w. 
when and how they please, quo volunt 
plorant tempore quoque modo, Ov, A. A. 
3,292. Q, plango, nxi,ctum,3. 3, 
fleo, vi, tum, 2: V. TO LAMENT, TO WEEP. 

wailing: 1, ploratus, ts. Ds 
planctus, Us. 8. flétus, Us: v. La- 
MENTATION. 

wain: |. V. WAGGON. Il. The 
constellation Charles’ w.: 1, plau- 
strum: Bootes had turned his w. with 
pole aslant, flexerat obliquo plaustrum 
temone Bootes, Ov. M. 10, 447. a 
sarraca, orum: the w. of slow Bootes, 
Pigri sarraca Bootae, Juv. 5, 23. 

Wainscot: no exact equivalent: 

1, perh. tabiilamentum, Front., or 

tibiilatio, Caes.: Vitr. (these, however, 
are rather used of flooring). Q, piiries, 
étis, m., (partition wall). 3, abaci 


WAIT 


(panels). The Poman rooms were usu- 
ally adorned with paintings or mosaic 
work, or slabs of marble ur mirrors: cf. 
Plin. 35, 12, 45. See Smith’s Ant. p. 
719. | 
Walst: no single word: expr. by 
*media pars corporis, medium corpus: 
the w. of a ship, *media pars navis, 
media navis. Phr.: with a girdle 
round the w., zona cinctus, PL Cure. 2, 
1,5 plunged up lo the w., *medio tenus 
corpore immersus, 
Waistcoat: 1. cdldbium (a sleeve- 
less tunic): Serv. ad Virg. Aen. 9, 616. 
2. siibiiciila (worn under the tunic): 
there is a threadbare w. beneath a glossy 
coat, trita subucula subest pexae tunicae, 
Hor. 8.1, 1, 95. (the Roman articles 
of dress do not correspond to the 
modern, v. Smith’s Ant. p. 1015.) 
Phr.: a flannel w., thorax laneus, Suet. 
Aug. 82: a strait-w., perb. tunica 
molesta, Mart. 10, 25 to punish with a 
strait-w., tunica punire molesta, Juv. 8, 
235: V. STRAIT-WAISTCOAT. 
wait (subs.): Phr.: & lay w., to 
lie in w. for, alicui insidias facere, pon- 
ere, struere, insidiari: v. AMBUSH. 
wait (v.): |. To stay, not to depart 
From: 1, maneo, nsi, nsum, 2 (the 
most gen. word): J w.: meanwhile I see 
no one, maneo, interea neminem video, 
Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 26: w.! you don’t know 
yet, mane! nondum etiam scis, Ter. 
Andr. 4, 1, 34: w. awhile! paullisper 
mane, Ter. Ad. 2, 3,45: to w. three days, 
manere triduum, Ter. Ph. 3, 2,4: to w. 
for any one, to w. till he comes: he will 
w. for the uncle to come, mansurus est 
patruum dum adveniat, Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 
16. 2, oppérior, rtus, 4 (generally, to 
w. till something happens which there is 
reason to expect ; to w. by appointment) : 
Tam w.ing in Arcanum till I hear from 
you on this,ego in Arcano opperior dum 
ista cognosco, Cic.: go in, w. Jor me there 
abi intro: ibi me opperire, Ter. Andr. 3, 
2,43: Iw. for no laggard, nec tardum 
opperior, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 71: to w. (bide) 
one’s time, opperiri tempora sua, Liv. 1, 
56, ad fin. 3, exspecto, 1 (implies a 
mental feeling, hope or wish to see): like 
the countryman he w.s for the river to 
run dry, rusticus expectat dum defiuat 
amnis, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 42: to w. till the 
storm passes, exspectare transitum tem- 
pestatis, Cic. Att. 2, 21,2: to w. the issue 
of the fight, exspectare eventum pugnae, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 49: with a part.: w.ing 
impatiently while my companions were 
dining, exspectans haud animo aequo 
cenantes comites, Hor. S. 1, 5,8: with 
arel. clause: he was w.ing (to see) what 
plan the enemy would take, exspectabat 
quid hostes consilii caperent, Caes. B. G. 
3,24: Tam w.ing (lo see) if you say 
anything, exspecto si quid dicas, Pi. 
Trin. 1,2,61. 4, praestolor, 1 (to w. 
in readiness, used esp. of servants): who 
should w. for you armed at the forum, 
qui tibi ad forum praestolarentur armati, 
Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24: with acc, in other 
writers: for whom w. you, l’armeno? 
quem praestolare, Parmeno? Ter. Eun. 
55, 5s 5, auciipor, 1 (fo w. and 
watch): we meant to w. for calm seas, 
nos tranquillitates aucupaturi eramus, 
Cic. Att. 6, 8,4: to w. (ide) ones time, 
tempus aucupari, Cic. Ro-c, Am. 8, 24. 
|]. 70 wait on or upon: 1, fa- 
miilor, £ (as @ domestic servant): I 
would w. upon you as handmaid, famu- 
larer tibi serva, Cut. 64, 161. 2. 
ministro, 1 (to w. at table): the slaves 
w., servi ministrant, Cic. Pis. 27, 67¢ 
Ganymede w.ing upon (the gods) with 
cups, Ganymedes pocula ministrans, Cic. 
N. D.1, 40, 112. 8. appareo, 2 (to w. 
on a magistrate as lictor, cleric, etc.): to 
w.on the consuls, apparere consulibus, 
Liv. 2, 55, ad init.: these w. near the 
throne of Jove, haec apparent ad solium 
Jovis, Virg. Aen. 12, 850. 4, con 
véenio, véni, verntum, 4 (simply, fo visit) : 
Postumia w.’d upon me, Postumia me 
convenit, Cic. Div. 4, 2, T. 5, saliito, 
I (as client on patron): Curlius came 
to w. upon me, Curtius venit salutandi 
93r 





WAITER 


WALL 


. 


WALLOW 





causa, Cic. Att. 13, 9, I: V. TO SALUTE, 
ATTEND. Phr.: to w, upon any one 
with anything, aliquid alicui offerre, de- 
ferre, V. TO OFFER: to keep any one W.- 
ing, moram facere alicui, Cic. Sull. 20, 
58: in mora esse a., Ter. Andr. 3, I, 9: 
V. TO DELAY. 
waiter: |. One who waits, an 
attendant, servant : 1, minister: 
Jove’s Phrygian w. (cup-bearer), Jovis 
Phrygius minister, Mart. 12, 15, 1. 
Q, puer: bring water * for my 
hands, w., cedo aquam manibus puer, 
Pi. Most. I, 3, 150: we have three w.s 
at table, cena ministratur pueris tribus, 
Hor. S. 1, 6,116. 3, servus, familus: 
V. SERVANT, ATTENDANT. A female w., 
waitress: ministra, famiila, ancilla, v. 
MAID-SERVANT. (Ihe waiting at table 
was not assigned to women, but to 
men or boys.) _— jj, 4 tray: fercilum: 


Vv. TRAY, 
waiting: |. A staying, remain- 
ing: mansio: w, is the safer 


course, cautior est mansio, Cic. Att. 8, 
15,2 2. exspectatio (waiting for) : 
hope is aw, for good, spes est exspecta- 
tio boni, Cic. Tusc. 4, 37,80. 3, mora 
delay): a tedious w., longa mora, Ov. 
- 9, 134: V. DELAY. ||. 4 w. upon : 
1, ministérium: v. ATTENDANCE. 
2. salitatio, officium (of a client): 
Vv. SALUTATION. Phr.: to be in w., ap- 
parere: v. To walt (II.). 
waive: 1, rémitto, misi, missnm, 
: tow. private enmity in | favour of pub- 
lic good, remittere privata odia publicis 
utilitatibus, Tac. A. 1, 19, med.: used 
absolutely : the tribunes w.ing the right, 
remittentibus tribunis, Liv. 36,7. 2, 
concedo, ssi, ssum, 3: to w. candidate- 
ship in favour of any one, concedere 
petitionem alicui, Cie. Phil. 2, 2,4. 3, 
décédo de (depart from): tow. a right, 
decedere de jure, Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 73. 


wake (subs.): |, A watch, esp. 
on solemn occasions: pervigilium, vi- 
gilia: v. WATCH. A watch by a 


corpse (in Ireland) : *fanebre pervigi- 
lium, f. vigilia. Ill. The wake of a 
ship: *tractus aquarum a tergo navis: 
you will see a long line of flame glisten 
white in the (falling) star’s w., * videbis 
stellae flammarum longos a tergo al- 
bescere tractus. Phr.: to follow in the 
wake, *sequi pone, a tergo; subsequi: 
¥. TO FOLLOW. 

wake (v.): A. Trans.: 1], ex- 
cito, 1: to w. any one from sleep, e 
somno aliquem excitare, Cic. Rep. 6, 12: 
to w. from the dead, a mortuis e., id. de 
Or. 1, 57, 245. 2, suscito, 1: to w. 
any one from sleep, e somno aliquem 
8., Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: he w.s the silent 
Huse, suscitat tacentem Musam, Hor. 
Od. 2, 10, 19. 3, exsuscito, 1: the 
crowing of the cocks w.s you, te gallorum 
cantus ex., Cic. Mur. 9, 22. 4, ex- 
pergefiicio, féci, factus, 3: w.d from slee , 
expergefactus e somno, Suet. Cal. 


Fig.: if you could w. yourself, si te 
expergefacere posses, Cic. Verr. 5, 15, 
38. B, Intrans.: 1. epee 


cor, perrectus, 3: tf you sleep, w., si 
dormis, expergiscere, Cic. Att. 2, 23, ad 
jin.: Fig.: why then w. ye not ? quin 
igitur expergiscimini? Sall. C. 20, ad 
jin. _ %, expergefio, factus: see above. 
8. somno solvor (to be loosed from 
sleep): he departed, I woke, ille disces- 
sit, ego somno solutus sum, Cic. Rep. 6, 
26, 29. Phr.: between sleeping and 
waking, semisomnus, semisomnis, Cic. : 
Liv. : Tac.: Vv. 10 AWAKE. 
wakeful: 1. vigil: w. before 
sunrise, prius orto sole vigil, Hor. Ep. 
2, I, 113: w. candles, vigiles lucernae, 
id, Od. 3, 8, 14. 9, exsomnis, e (sleep- 
less): Tisiphone guards the vestibule w. 
night and day, Tisiphone vestibulum 
insomnis servat noctesque diesque, Virg. 
Aen.6,556. 3, insomnis,e: apples ill- 
guarded by the w. dragon, poma ab ee 
somni male custodita dracone, Ov. M 
9, 199. y 
wakefulness: 1, vigilantia (power 
of keeping awake): he possessed extreme 
w., erat summa Vigilantia, Plin, Ep. 3, 
932 


| 5, 8 





9. insomnia (inability to sleep) : 
he was made restless by w., incitabatur 
insomnia, Suet. Cal. 50: usu. in pl.: cf. 
neque insomniis neque labore fatigari, 
Sall. C. 27: insomniis carere, Cic. Sen. 
13, 44. 
ae (subs.) : |. The act of walk- 
ing: 1, ambiilatio: to finish the 
afternoon’s w., ambulationem postmeri- 
dianam conficere, Cie. Win. '5; 1; 1. a 
deambiilatio: this w. has tired me, haec 
d. me ad languorem dedit, ‘Ter. Heaut. 
4,6,2: (for distinctions between compds. 
of amb., Vv. TO WALK). 3, ambula- 
tiuncila (a short w.): our Little w. and 
talk together, ambulatiunciila et sermo 
noster, Cic. Fam. 2, 12, 2. Phr.: to go 
out for aw., abire ambulatum, Pl. Mil. 2, 
2, 96: let us take a w.,.eamus deam- 
bulatum, Cato ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 256. 
I. The place of walking : 
latio: Cic. 2, ambulacrum: Pl. 
ambiulatiunciiia: a covered w., tecta 
ambulatiuncula, Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2. 
4, spatium: the w.s of the Academy, 
spatia Academiae, id. Fin, 5, 1, 1° w.s 
marked off by columns, spatia inter- 
stincta columnis, Stat. S. 3,5, 90. III. 
Manner of wallcing: incessus, tis, In- 
gressus, US: V. GAIT. IV. Course or 
path of life, pursuit: * vitae status, 
conditio: also expr. by studium: v. 
PURSUIT. 
walk (v.): |. Zo go afoot, as 
opp. to riding: pedes ire, incedere - 
let the consul ride drawn by horses, 
Nero, even if he walked afoot, would be 
glorious, iret consul equis, Neronem 
etiam si pedes incedat memorabilem 
fore, Liv. 28, 9,ad jin. |], Of leisurely 
going : 1, ambilo, 1: to w. in the 
sum, in sole ambulare, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 
60. 2. deambilo, 1 (to w. up and 
down): to w. on the shore, deamb. in 
litore, Suet. Aug. 96. 8. obambilo, 1 
(to w. to and fro before): soldiers w.ing 
before the rampart, milites obambulan- 
tes ante vallum, Liv. 25, 39, med. 4. 
inambutlo, 1 (in a limited space): Iwas 
w.ing about indoors, inambulabam domi, 
Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5. 5, pérambulo, 1 (to 
w. through, over) : to w. the fields, rura 
perambulare, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 17: to w. 
the stage, crocos floresque p., Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 79. 6, spatior, 1 (to w. abroad, in 
open space): to w. in a colunnade, spa- 
tiari in xysto, Cic. Opt. gen. 3,8. Where 
the English might use to walk the Latins 
use various words to express the manner 
of walking: J, gradior, ingrédior (of 
composed and deliberate stepping): he 
will w. to his death confidently, fidenti 
animo gradietur ad mortem, Cic. Tusc. 
I, 46, IIo. 2. incédo, cessi, cessum, 3 
(of majestic advance): the minstrel w.s 
through the city, incedit tibicen in urbe, 
Ov. F. 6, 653: cf. ego (Juno), quae 
divom incedo regina, Virg. Aen. 1, 46. 
3. vado, si, sum, 3 (of bold, cheer- 


3. 


: | ful, determined, advance): Socrates w.s 


boldly to prison, Socrates vadit in car- 
cerem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 97. 

walker: 1. pédes, itis, m. (as 
opp. to rider) : 2. ambulans, deam- 
bulans, qui ambulat, deambulat, inam- 
bulat, Cic. (e Kr.). 8, ambiulator, 
(only used contemptuously of a lown- 
ger), Cato, R. R. 5, 23 fem. ambu- 
latrix, id. 143, 1: of a walking pedlar, 
Mart. I, 42,3. Phr.: agood w., *pedi- 
bus acer, firmus: a fast, slow w., *pedi- 
bus alacer, tardus. Or expr. by pedes 
acer, etc. 

walking: l,ambilatio: Cic Q, 
Inambulatio (a w. to and fro on the 
rostra as @ rhetorical artifice): Auct. 
Her. 3, 15, 27. 3, Sbambiulatio (of 
numbers w.ing about): the crowd and 
Srequent w. to and fro of men, tre- 
quentia et obambulatio hominum, Auct. 
Her. 3, 19, 31: V. WALK. 

wall (subs.) : 1, murus (the most 
gen. word; in stng. of any line of wall, 
whether across country, round a town, 
or of the outer wall of a house: in 
plur. of city walls): Caesar builds a 
wall across from L. Leman to Mt. Jura, 
Caesar perducit murum a lacu Lemano 





HL ambu- | 


| 
| 








ad montem Juram, Caes. B. G. 1, 8: the 
w. of a town, murus oppidi, id. B. G. 4, 
46: about the house w. I have given 
orders to Philotimus, de muro imperavi 
Philotimo, Cic. Att. 2, 4, 7: buildings 
not with common partition w.s, but each 
with its own outer w., aedificia non 
communione parietum sed _propriis 
quaeque muris, lac. A. 15, 43: the w.s 
of @ city, muri urbis, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 
94. Fig.: be this your brazen w., hic 
murus aeneus esto, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 60: 
laws the bulwarks and w.s of quietness, 
leges propugnacula murique tranquilli- 
tatis, Cic. Pis. 4, 9. 2, moenia, ium 
(ws of a town, ramparts): most lofty 
w.s, altissima moenia, Caes. B. C. 3, 80: 
to fence with w.s, urbem m. sepire, Cic. 
Sest. 42, gt. Fig.: w.s (sides) of a 
ship, moenia navis, Ov. M. 11, 532: w.s 
of the world, moenia mundi, Lucr. I, 73. 
8. macéria (a low w. of mud, rough 
stones, Or the like; such as bound the 
fields in North Wales or Yorkshire): a 
w. without mortar, of rough stones and 
jlint, m, sine calce ex caementis et silice, 
Cato, R. R. 15: a w. in @ garden, m. in 
horto, Ter. Ad. 5,7, 10: they had built 
before them a w. six feet high, mace- 
riam in altitndinem sex pedum prae- 
duxerant, Caes. B, G. 7, 69. 4. paries, 
&tis, m. (partition w, between rooms or 
houses in the same row): J broke 
through the w. in that room, perfodivi 
parietem in eo conclavi, Pl. Mil. 2, 1, 
64: "tis your risk when your neighbour's 
w. ts aflame, tua res agitur paries quum 
proximus ardet, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 834: the 
w.s of a tower, parietes turris, Caes. B.C. 
29; brs : fallen-down w.S, parietinae, 
Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 53: to build a w., 
murum (moenia, etc.) aedificare, Ov. 
M. 11, 204: dmncere, perducere (ex- 
pressing esp. the lenyth of w.): Lic. : 
Caes. : exstruere (to raise): Cic.: Tac. : 
Caes.: instruere (to put im order the 
materials}: Caes.; Tac.: v. TO BUILD: 
to pull down a w., m. destruere, Cic. : 
Virg.: diruere, Ter.: Cic.: to surround 
a city with w.s, Moenibus urbem cin- 
gere, Ov. M. 4, 58: moenia urbi circum- 
dare, moenibus urbem circumdare (both 
constructions frequent): Liv.: Caes.; 
Tac.. to batter w.s with a ram, quatere 
m. ariete, Liv. 21, ad jin.: ferire, Sall. J. 
76: to make a breach in w.s, perfringere 
muros, Tac. H. 3,20: through the breach 
in the w. they burst in, per apertum 
tuina iter perruperunt, Liv. 31, 46, ad 
Jjin.: to mount w.s, in moenia egredi, 
Tac. H. 4,29. Fig.: togo to the w., ced- 
ere, etc.: V. TO YIELD: the weakest 
must go to the w., *cedat necesse est 
validiori debilis. 
wall (v.): minio, 4: toga lorie) 
place, munire jocum, Caes. B. G. 2, 
to w. in a town, urbem muro sepire, 
Cle, *claudere, concludere: to w. off, 
*muro dividere : to wall up, *saxis (late- 
ribus, etc.) concludere. 
walled: 1, munitus: strongly 
w. towers, bene munita templa, Lucr. 2, 
4. 2. muris, etc., cinctus, circum- 
datus: v. Phr, under WALL, and To 
WALL. 
wallet: 1, péra: an old man 
with staff and wallet, cum baculo pe- 
Taque senex, Mart. 4, 53: Jupiter has 
loaded us with two w.s, peras imposuit 
Jupiter nobis duas, Phaedr. 4, 10, 1: cf. 
Cat. 2, 21. 2, mantica: we see the 
w. on the back before us, praecedenti 
spectatur mantica tergo, Pers. 4, 24. 
3, saccus (a beggai’s scrip or w.): 
I may go outside the gate to hold my w. 
(to beg), extra portam ad saccum ilicet, 


Pl. Capt. 1, 1, 22. 

wall-flower : 1, *Cheiranthus 
Cheiri: Bot. 2, pallens vidla (pro- 
bably), Virg. E. 2, 47- 3. perh. *litea 
viola. 

wallow: 1, volitor, 1: the sow 
delights to w. in a muddy -pond, sus 
gaudet coenoso lacu volutari, Col. 7, 10, 
6. Fig.: whom we find w.ing head over 
ears in mire, quem in luto volutatum 
totis corporis vestigiis invenimus, Cie. 
Verr. 4, 24, 53: to w. in every kind of 


WALNUT 


wickedness, v. in omni genere scelerum, 
Cic. Fam, 9, 3, med. 2, voliito me: 
Plin. 

walnut: 1. jiiglans, dis, f.: of 
the fruit: w.-shells, juglandium puta- 
mina, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58: of the tree: 
the shade of w.-trees, jugiandium umbra, 
Plin. 17,12,18. 2, nux jiiglans: Plin. 
(both of fruit and tree). 3, *juglans 
regia (of the ¢ree)- Linn. 

walrus: * phoca (a seal), équus ma- 
rinus, vacca marina: (Georges gives 
*orca, which is more prob. gvampus). 

Nore.—The modern scientific name is 

richechus Rosmurus. ] 

waltz (subs.): 1, “saltatio in 
gytum (the dance itself), 2, *numeri 
ad quos saltatur (the music), 

waltz (v.): *saltarein gyrum: *lente 
Variare gyros (Kr,). 

wan: 1, pallidus: a w. crew (of 
ghosts), pallida turba, Tib. 1, 10, 38. 

2. exsanguis, e (bloodless): the w. 

shades, exsangues umbrae, Virg. Aen. 6, 
401: V. PALE, 

wand: 1, virga: struck with a 
golden w., aurea percussus virga, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 190. Q. virgiila: to draw a 
line round any one with aw., virgula 
aliquem circumscribere, Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 
23. 8. vimen, inis, 2.: soothing with 
Lethaeam w., Lethaeo vimine mulcens, 
Stat. Th. 2, 30. 4, cadiiceus (Mer- 
cury’s or any herald’s w. or staff’): 


furnished with a herald’s w., caduceo 


ornatus, Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202. 

wander: 1. erro, 1 (to w. as one 
who has lost his way, to w. forlorn): 
we w. ignorant of the men and place, 
ignari hominumque locorumque erra- 
mus, Virg. Aen. 1, 333: tow. an exile, 
errare exsul, Cic. Clu. 62, 175: wt is ill 
to w. then in Libya’s lonely wilds, male 
tum Libyae solis erratur in agris, Virg. G. 
3, 249: w.ing stars, errantes stellae, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 14, 22. Fig.: the mind w.s, 
errat animus, Lucr. 3, 464. 2, vagor, 
1 (to w, at your own will, to ramble, 
roam): birds w.ing hither and thither, 
volucres huc illuc vagantes, Cic. Div. 2, 
38, 80: Ino w.'d through the earth, Ino 
terras vagata est, Prop. 2, 28,19. Fig.: 
the mind w.s in error, vagatur errore 
animus, Cic. Off. 2,2, 7: to w. from the 
subject in writing : am I therefore tow. ? 
idcircone vager? Hor. A. P. 265. 3. 
palor, ¥ (to w. dispersed): we seek our 
w.ing comrades, quaerimus palantes co- 
mites, Lucr. 577: the troops w. 
through the fields, agmen palatur per 
agros, Liv. 27, 47, ad fin.: w.ing stars, 
palantia sidera, Lucr. 2, 1031. Fig.: 
w.ing and lacking reason, palantes ac 
rationis egentes, Ov. M. 15, 150. Erro, 
vagor, palor, may be thus distinguished ; 
errare is involuntary, of one who mis- 
takes, or is at a loss; vagari is voluntary, 
of one who strays unrestrained, or roves ; 
palari is of nwmbers, who straggle, scat- 
tered by fear, or some cause: but they 
are often coupled: vagari et errare, Cic. 
de Or. 1, 48, 209: Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 17: 
errare et palantes viam quaerere, Lucr. 
2,10: vagi palantur, Liv. 5, 44. 

— about: oberro,1: to w. about 
the tents, tentoriis oberrare, Tac. A. 1, 
65, init. - - 
around: 1, circumerro, 1: 
2. circumvagor, 1 dep.: Vitr. 

—away from: 1, aberro,1: the 
boy w.’d away from his father, puer 
aberravit a patre, Pl. Men. prol. 31: 
the speech w.s Jrom the point, ab eo quod 
propositum est aberrat oratio, Cic. Caec. 
19, 55. 2. deerro: to w. a. f. his 
father, a patre d., Pl. Men. 5, 9, 54: to 
w, a. f. the truth, a vero d. 

— jin: inerro, 1: to w. in the moun- 
tans, inerrare montibus, Plin. Ep. 
1, 6. 

— over, through: _1., pérerro, 1; 
Virg.: Ov.: Hor, Q, perviigor, 1 dep. : to 
w. over the whole world, pervagari orbem 
terrarum, Liv, 38, 17. 3. péragro, 
1 (of willing wandering): bees w. 
through woeds, apes peragrant silvas, 
Virg. G. 4, 53. Phr.: to let the eyes 
wander: *oculos negligenter circum- 












ferre, incertas huc atque huc acies 
circumferre: cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 558. 

wanderer: erro, dnis, m.: send our 
w. home, erronem remittite nostrum, 
Ov. H. 15, 53. 

wandering («dj.); 1, errabundus: 
to go w. through a house, domum erra- 
bundus pervagari, Liv. 1, 29g. w. foot- 
steps, errabunda vestigia, Virg. E. 6, 58. 

9. vagus: a scattered and w, mul- 

titude, dispersa et vaga multitudo, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 25, fin.: w. in mind, vagus 
animi, Cat. 63, 4. 

wandering (subs.): 1, error, oris: 
aw. of citizens, error civium, Cic. Rep. 2, 
4,7: w.s on the sea, pelagi errores, Virg. 
Aen. 6,532: a w. of mind, e. mentis, Cic, 
NAS eh ok pe 9, erratus, tis: driven 
about in long w.s, longis erratibus actus, 
Ov. M. 4, 566. 3, erratio: there is no 
chance or w., all is order, nec fortuna 
nec erratio inest, omnis ordo, Cic. N, D. 
27205150: 

wane (subs.): Phr.: to be on the 
wane, decrescere: V. TO WANE. 

wane (v.): 1, décresco, évi, tum, 
3: oysters wax and w. with the moon, 
ostreae cum luna pariter crescunt pari- 
terque decrescunt, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33: 
the w.ing day, decrescens dies, Plin. 2, 
59, 60. 2. stnesco, nui, 3: when the 
moon is w.ing, senescente luna, Varr. 
R. R. 1, 37, 1: to w. ain repute and 
strength, senescere fama et viribus, Liv. 
2s: 3. tabesco, bui, 3: the days 
may wax long and the nights w., crescere 
licet dies et tahescere noctes, Lucr. 5, 
680. 4, minuor, tum, 3: the lights 
w., luces minuuntur, Luer. 5, 681. 

waning (svs.): 1, Géminitio: 
a waxing and w. of the (moon's) light, 
accretio et deminutio luminis (lunae), 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 68. 2. décres- 
centia: w. of the moon, lunae d. Vitr. 

wanness;; pallor, oris: w. and win- 
ter possess the place, pallor hiemsque te- 
nent loca, Ov. M. 4, 436: the w. of lovers, 
pallor amantium, Hor. Od. 3, 10, 14. 

want (subs.): 1, péniria (a being 
without, a scarcity), mostly followed by 
a gen. of the thing needed: w. of jood, 
penuria cibi, Lucr. 5, 1005: of water, 
aquarum, Sall. J. 17: 9/ good citizens, 
civium bonorum, Cic. Brut. 1, 2: 
ther there be abundance or w. of money, 
copiane sit pecuniae an penuria, Cic. 
Inv. 2, 39, 115: absolutely, of want, 
scarcity: to support temporary w., p. 
temporum sustinere, Col. 9, 14,17. Q, 
Indpia (resourcelessness, the opposite to 
opes or copia): w. of money, argenti in- 
opia, Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 55: of corn, frumenti, 
Sall. J. gi: of vemedy, remedii, Tac. A. 
13, 57: to compare plenty with w., 
copias cum inopia conferre, Cie, Cat. 2, 
II, 24: to supply w., ferre opem inopiae, 
Pl. Rud. 3, 2, 3: to lessen w., inopiam 
lenire, Sail. J. gt: a time of w. and 


famine, inopia et fames, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 


50: to support w., i. tolerare, Sall. C. 
371. 8. egestas (extreme w.): poverty 
or rather extreme w. and beggary, pau- 
pertas vel potius egestas ac mendicitas, 


Cic. Parad. 6, 1, 45: pressing w., urgens | 


egestas, Virg.G.1, 146: w.of food (star- 
vation), e. cibi, Tac. A. 6, 23, init.: of 
pasturage, pabuli, Sall. J. 44. 4. de- 
fectus, is (want of what has been and 
is now gone, failure): w. of milk, da. 
lactis, Plin. 20, 23, 96. 5, défectio: 
w. of strength, virium, Cic. de Sen. 9, 29. 

6. difficultas (distressing, perplex- 
ing w.): w. of money, difficultas num- 
maria, Cic Verr, 2, 28, 69: of corn, rei 
frumentariae, Caes. B. G. 4, 17. We 
angustiae, arum (stratlened circum- 
stances): w. of public money, angustiae 
pecuniae publicae, Cic, Fam. 12, 30, 4: 
w. of breath, a. spiritus, Cic. de Or, 3, 
46, 181: to fall into w., decidere in 
angustias, Suet. Claud. 9. 8, dési- 
dérium (a feeling of the w., generally of 
things lost, longing for): the natural 
w. of food and drink, cibi potionisque 


desiderium naturale, Liv. 21, 4, med.: | 


Vv. DESIRE. Phr.: to be in w., egére: 
Vv. TO WANT: to be oppressed by w., 
inopia affici, Cic. Att. 6, 3, 2: *inopia 


whe- | 


WANTING 





| laborare, premi- to fall into w., w 
inopiam, difficultates, incidere, delabi, 
Cic.: in w.: inops, egenus, etc. v 
| Poor. The want of qualities may be 
| expr. by neg. compds. w. of kahit, in- 
solentia w. of experience, imperitia. 

want (v.): 1. cdreo, 2 (to be with- 
out, of something desirable): to wm. a 
| gift, carere munere, Virg. Aen. 5, 651 
| they w. a poet, carent vate, Hor. Od. 4,9, 
| 28: tow. the companionship of friends, 
| carere consuetudine amicorum, Cic. 
| Tusc. 5, 22, 63 2. egeo, 2 (to feel 
| the w. of, to need for a given purpose): 
with abl. usually: importation of things 
which we w., invectio rerum quibus 
egemus, Cic. Off. 2, 3,13: low. eyes tn 
order to see, oci\lis ad cernendum egere, 
id. N. D. 2, §7, 143: with gen.: you w. 
(have no) shame, pudoris eges, VI. Am. 
2, 2, 187: to w. help, e. auxilii, Caes. 
B. G. 6, 11: used absolutely: that I 
should be in wealth, she should w., me 
in divitiis esse, illam egere, PL. Trin. 
Sere 3. indigeo, 2 (Ww be in sore 
w., generally stronger than egeo): J w. 
your advice, indigeo tui consilii, Cic. 
Att. 12, 35, fin.: my youth w.s their 
good opinion, mea adolescentia indiget 
illorum bona existimationy, id. Rose. 
Com. 15, 44: to w. gold and silver, auri, 
argenti, indigere, id. Sull. 8, 25. 4. 
deésidéro, 1 (to regret the absence of, to 
long for): I w. you, desideramus te, 
Cic. Fam. 16, 1, fin.: to w. (only) a suf- 
ficiency, desiderare quod satis est, Hor. 
Od. 3,1, 25: V. TO DESIRE, TO miss. §, 
réquiro, isivi, Itum, 3 (to think neces- 
sary to an end): I see not what the 
happy man ws to make him happier, 
qui beatus est, non intelligo quid re- 
quirat ut sit beatior, Cic. Tuse. §, 3, 
23: great mental endowments are w.'d, 
magnae animi virtutes requiruntur, id. 
| Manil. 22,64. 6, volo, lui, velle, 3 irr 
| (towish jor): come out ; Iw. you,exi te 
volo, Pl. Capt. 5, 2, 24: what does he w. s 
quid vult? Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 13: what do 
you w. me to do? quid vis faciam, Ter 
Eun. 5, 8, 24: you w. me to weep, vis me 
flere, Hor. A. P. 102: J w. you to defend 
me, tu velim nos defendus, Cic. Fam. 1, 
3, exlr.: V. TO WISH. 7, iveo, 2 {to 
w. eagerly): I w. extremely to know, 
valde aveo scire, Cic. Att. 1, 15. Phbr.s 
there w.s but little, paulum deest, abest, 
constr. with quin and cony., or witb 
ad: there w.’d little to complete suc- 
cess, paulum defuit ad summam fetici- 
tatem, Caes. B. G. 6, 43: V. WANTING * 
it w.s but an hour of noon, * meridies 
una tantum hora abest: things wanted, 
res necessariae: Cic.: Liv. 

wanting: |. Defective: vitidsus, 
pirum idOneus: Vv, DEFECTIVE, FAULTY: 
w. in prudence, power, elc.: imprudens, 
impotens, etc. I. To be w.: ], dé- 
sum: of persons. that he might not be 
w. to the occasion, ne tempori deesset, 
Liv. 21, 27, ad fin.: of things: money 
was w., argentum deerat, Ter. 2, 1, 69: 
one to whom nothing is w., is cui nihil 
desit, Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28. 2. absum: 
I was w. to (failed) Autronius, abfui 
Autronio, Cic. Plane. 5, 14: history ts 
yet w.to our literature, abest historia 
litteris nostris, Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 5. R 
| déficio, ci, ctum, 3 (to fail): to be w. 
in the fight, puguando deficere, Caes, 
B.C. 2, 6: to uhom strength is w., quem 
vires deficiunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 50. 4. 
défio, éri; milk is not w. to me, lac mihi 
non defit. Virg. E. 2, 22. Phr.: to be 
found w., *improbari, probation! parum 
satisfacere, in trutina levior evadere- 
| he is weighed in the balance and found 
| w., appensus est in statera et inventus 
| est deticiens, Vulg. Dan. v.27. Want 
ing may also be expr. by the foll.: 
(1) Spus est: personally: we w. a 
| leader, dux nobis opus est, Cic. Fam, 2, 
16,4: impers.: we w. your authority, 
o. e. nobis auctoritate tua, id. Fam. 9, 
| 25, fin.: with part. : haste is w.d, ma- 
turato o. e. Liv, 8, 13, ad fin.: with 
gen.: money was w.'d, argenti o. fuit, 
id. 23, 21. (2) fisus est- my >on ws 
twenty minae, usus est filio viginti minis, 


933 








WANTON 


WAR-CRY 





PL. Asin. 1,1, 76. (3) nécesse est (of ur- 


gent w.): athing which you by no means | 


w.’d, quod tibi minime nvcesse fuit, Cic. 
Sull. 7, 22: V. NECESSARY. 

wanton (adj.): 1. libidindsus 
(sensual, of strong passion): a most w. 
man, bomo libidinosissimus, Cie. Verr. 
2, 78, 192: a w. youth, 1. adolescentia, 
id. Sen. g, 29. 9. impidicus (un- 
chaste): w. women, impudicae mulieres, 
id. Cat. 2, 5, 10. 3, lascivus (some- 
times in a bad sense, but more often 
playful, giving the reins to sportiveness, 
and used fig.): w. damsels, |. puellae, 
Ov. A. A. I, 523: w. young lambs (or 
calves), nova proles lasciva, Lucr. 1, 
261: w. (luxuriant) ivy, 1. hederae, 
Hor; Od>_1; 36,20: 4. protervus 
(forward): w. Satyrs, protervi Satyri, 
Hor. A. P. 233: w. winds, p. venti, Hor. 
Od. 1, 26,2. 5, pétiilans (pert, saucy, 
mischievous): @ w. strumpet, petulans 
nonaria, Pers. 1,133. Phr.: a w. life, 
* vita in libidines effusa, libidinibus de- 
dita: to be or wax w., lascivire: Cic., 
Liv., and in Quint. freq. of language 
fig.: luxuriare or luxuriari; the flock is 
w., luxuriat pecus, Ov. F. 1, 156: that 
their minds might not wax w. through 
ease, ne luxuriarentur otio animi, Liv. 
I, 19, med.: to inflict w. injury, * in- 
juriam ultro, de industria, inferre: a 
w. (unprovoked) outrage, * contumelia 
ultro in aliquem jacta. 

wanton (suvbs.) : meretrix, scortnm : 
V. PROSTITUTE. 

wanton (v.): 1, lascivio, ii, itum, 
4: the lamb w.s, agnus lascivit, Ov. M. 


}, 321. 9, luxurio, I: v. WANTON 
(adj.) she te ; 
wantonly: 1, libidindse: Cic. : 


Q. lascive: Mart. 3. proterve: 
4, pétiilanter: Cic. 5, ultro. For 
distinctions of sense v. WANTON. 
wantonness: _ 1. libido, inis, /.: 
«w. of animals, libido animantium, 
Cic. Off. 1,19, 54: of fortume, Sall. C. 8. 
9, lascivia: im sport and w., per 
lusum atque lasciviam, Liv. 1, 5, iit. 
8. protervitas: pleasing w., grata 
p., Hor. Od. 1, 19,7. 4, pétiilantia: 
w.of young men, p. adolescentium, Cic. 
Sen, 11, 36. 
war (subs.): 1, bellum: discord 
at home and w. abroad, discordia domi 
et bellum foris, Liv. 2, 43, imit.: an 
army is levied for two w.s at once, ad duo 
simul bella exercitus scribitur, id. 2, 43, 
med. Uses with adj.: foreign w., bel- 
lum externum, Liv.: Tac.: civil, in- 
testine w., b. civile, intestiium, domes- 
ticum, Cic.: Tac. : Caes.: w. by land, *b. 
terrestre, pedestre (cf. Cic. Sen. 5, 13): 
w. by sea, b. navale : Cic.: *b. maritimum 
(Georg.): offensive w., *b. ultro inferen- 
dum (of w. yet to be begun), b. ultro illa- 
tum (of w. already begun): w. of exter- 
mination, to the knife, b. internecinum, 
Liv. 9, 25, extr.: Cie. Phil. 14, 3,7: regular 
w. (as opposed to guerilla warfare, etc.), 
justum b., id. Cat. 2, 1, 1: w. with or 
against any one, is expressed either by 
preps., cum, in, contra, adversus, accord- 
ing to the verb used, or by an adj., as: 
w. with the slaves, servile b., Cic.: with 
the Gauls, Gallicum, Caes.:; with pirates, 
piraticum, Plin.: w. (contest) with the 
tribunes, b, tribunicium, Liv. 3,24. The 
place of the war is expressed by preps. ; 
in (of countries), apud (near, of lakes, 
towns), circa (round, esp. if a town be 
beleaguered): thus, b. in Italia, apud 
Mutinam, Regillam, circa Numantiam 
gestum. Or an adj.is used: the w.in 
Illyria, b. Illyricum. W. for one’s 
country, b. pro patria: w. for religion, 
sacred w., *b. pro religionibus, pro sacris 
gestum. Common uses with verb: to 
tntend w., bellum meditari, cogitare: to 
seek occasion of w., * bellum quaerere 
(Georg.): to prepare w., b. parare, com- 
parare (of the gathering of the forces), 
Cic.: Liv.: apparare, Nep.: adornare, 
instruere (of the arrangement and pro- 
vistoning, etc.), Cic.: to threaten w., b. 
Minari, minitari, denuntiare (this last 
pot to declare, comp. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36, 
denunciatum ante et indictum, first 
934 











threatened and duly declared, with Cic. 
Phil. 6, 2, 4): to declare w., b. indicere 
(of a formal declaration that the w. is 
begun): I and the Roman people do 
therefore declare and begin w. against. 
the Latins, ob eam rem ego populusque 
Romanus Latinis b. indico facioque, Liv. 
I, 32, fin.: used also fig.: I declare w. 
against my stomach, ventri indico b., 
Hor. S.1, 5, 7: to decree w., decernere 
(of the senate), jubere (of the people), 
Liv. 41, 7: to stir up w., b. movere, 
commovere, concitare, excitare. to be- 
gin w.: b. inchoare, incipere, suscipere 
(to take up): Cic.: Liv.: Tac.: to take 
part in w.,b. capessere: to induce vthers 
to take purt with himself in a w., ad 
bellum secum capessendum incitare, 
Liv. 26, 25: also c. partem b., id. 31, 28: 
to take in hand w., sumere (rare, and 
implies some choice or wilful taking : cf. 
Tac. Hist. 4, 69). roused by this they all 
chose w., his instincti sumpsere universi 
bellum, Tac. Agr. 16: to go forth to w., 
take the field, in b. proficisci, Liv. : Caes. : 
to wage w., b. gerere (commonest word, 
both of general and soldiers), facere, 
agere, Cic.: Liv.: Caes.: fo conduct w., 
administrare (of the general): Cic.: to 
wage w. against, b. inferre alicui, bello 
persequi, lacessere (of the aggressor) : 
Cic.: Liv.: to maintain a w., b. sus- 
tinere: Cic.: to protract a w., b. trahere, 
ducere: Cic.: Liv.: Caes.: to endaw., 
conficere, perficere, Cic.: Caes.: com- 
ponere (by mutual arrangement) : Tac.: 
Nep.: ponere, deponere (to lay aside) : 
Liv.: Tac.: patrare: Tac.: Sall. (an 
emphatic word, not thought refined by 
Quintilian, Inst. 8, 3, 4): tonearly end a 
w. by a masterly stroke, profligare b.: 
the w. being virtually ended and well- 
nigh out of our sight, bello profligato ac 
paene sublato, Cic. Fam. 12, 30, 2 (cf. 
Flor. 2, 15, 2, who says of the three Punic 
wars considered as one struggle, primo 
tempore commissum est bellum, profli- 
gatum secundo, tertio vero confectum). 
In w., bello, belli tempore: in w. and 
peace, pace belloque, domi belloque, 
domi bellique, or, in reverse order, belli 
domique, ete. 2. arma, orum (arms) : 
in peace rather than in w., pace potius 
quam armis, Liv. 5, 35, evtr.: civil w., 
civilia arma, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 3: let w. 
yield to peace, cedant arma togae, id. 
Off. 1, 22, 77: and in many phrr. arma 
may take the place of bellum, esp. in 
poetry or oratory. 3. militia (mili- 
tary service): great knowledge of w., 
militiae magna scientia, Sall. J. 63: at 
home and in w., domi militiaeque, Cic. : 
Liv. 4, tiimultus, tis (a@ disturbance, 
w. suddenly breaking out, esp. near 
Rome) : beyond the troublous w.of Gaul 
and Italy, extra tumultum Gallicum 
Italicumque, Cic. Phil. 5, 19, 53: cf. ib. 
8,1, 2. Phr.: the art of w., res mili- 
taris, disciplina militaris, bellica, Cic. : 
arts, manoeuvres, of w., artes belli, Liv. : 
man-of-w. (a w.-ship), navis longa: v. 
SHIP: to put the army on a w.-footing, 
*exercitum instruere omnibus rebns ad 
belli usum necessariis (Kr.): to put the 
navy on a w.-footing, classem expedire 
atque instruere, Hirt. B. Al. 25: the w. 
was ended by a single battle, uno proelio 
debellatum est, Liv. 2, 26, extr.: a wordy 
w., rixa, jurgium: v. QUARREL. 
war (v.): 1, bello, 1: to w. against 
the Romans, adversus Romanos bellare, 
Liv. 9, 42, fin. 2. belligéro, 1: to w. 
against neighbouring tribes, adversum 
accolas belligerare, Tac. A. 4, 46: [had 
to w. with fortune, cum fortuna bel- 
ligerandum fuit, Cic. ad Quir. post Redit. 
8,19: Vv. WAR, 
war-cry: j, clamor, Oris (with 
some epithet, or where the context 
shews a cry of war to be meant): to 
raise @ w., clamorem tollere, Caes. B. G. 
3, 22: the Romans w. was of one tone, 
the others’ a discordant din, congruens 
clamor Romanis, dissonae illis voces, 
Liv. 30, 34, init. 2. ulilatus, is (a 
wild w. or war whoop of the Gauls): to 
raise a w., u. tollere. Caes. B. G. 5, 37. 
3, baritus, us (the w. of the Ger- 








WARDROBE 





mans, a kind of war-song): by the re- 
peating of their song which they call 
baritus, they Jire their Jury, carminum 
relatu, quem baritum vocant, animos 
accendunt, Tac. Germ. 3. 

war-horse: 1, équus militaris: 
Nep. Eum. 5, 4. 2. équus bellator 
(more poet.) : Tac. Germ. 14 (e Kr.). 
-office or -department: *con- 
silium res bellicas curans, admii: strans: 
*curia, tribunal, consilium rerum belli- 
carum (Kr.). Phr.: the administration 
of the war-office, *rerum bellicarum 
administratio (Kr.). 

warble: 1, mddilor, cano, etc. : 
v. TO SING. The idea of w.ing may be 
nearly given by liquidus: the birds fill 
the place with w.ing voices, volucres 
liquidis loca vocibus opplent, Lucr. 2, 
145: trémilus: cf. tremulum guttur, 
ot a bird’s throat in Cic. Div. 1, 8, 14. 

2. perh. vibrisso, 3 (explained by 
Fest. ‘‘vocem in cantando crispare”). 
8. fritinnio, 4 (to twitter, of small 

birds): w.ing young, pulli fritinnientes, 
Varr. in Non. 7, 15. 

warbler: modulator, cantor, etc.: 
Vv. SINGER, SONGSTRESS. 

warbling (subs.): cantus, us, médi, 
niméri: v. sone. Phr.: clear w.s, 
liquidae voces, Lucr.: thrilling w.s, 
*tremulae voces. 

ward (subs.) : 





|. In fencing: 
*ictis propulsatio. |], Safe-keeping: 
custodia: v.cusropy. |||, One under 
a guardian: puplllus, pupilla: he said 
that w.s of either sex were a very safe 
prey, pupillos et pupillas certissimam 
praedam esse dictitabat, Cic. Verr. i, 50, 
131. IV. 4 division of a town: 1, 
régio: Rome is divided into fourteen 
w.s, in quattuordecim regiones Roma 
dividitur, Tac. A. 15, 40: he divided the 
whole city into w.s and streets, spatium 
urbis in regiones vicosque divisit, Suet. 
Aug. 30: (the vicus was a definite sub- 
division, smaller than our ward, as, 
perhaps, the regio was larger). a 
piroecia (a parish) : Serr. Eccl. 
ward (v.): Yo w. or keep off : 1k 
arceo, 2: you will w. him off from your 
altars, hune a tuis aris arcebis, Cic. Cat. 
I, 13, 33: he wd off the foe from Gaul, 
hostem arcuit Gallia, id. Phil. 5, 13, 37: to 
w. off the gad-fly from cattle, arcere oes- 
trum pecori, Virg. G. 3, 155: to w. off a 
blow, plagam arcere, Ov. M. 3, 89. 9. 
défendo, di, nsum, 3: to w. off blows, 
defendere ictus, Caes. B. C. 2, 9: tow. 
off wrong, 4. injuriam, Cic. Off. 3. 18, 74: 


Jjire is wd off from the roofs, ignis de- 


fenditur a tectis, Ov. R. Am. 625: tow. 


| off summer heat from goats, d. aestatem 


capellis, Hor. Od. 1, 17, 3. 3. pro- 
pulso, 1: tow. off an enemy, propulsare 
hostem, Caes. B. G. 1, 49: to w. off 
danger, p. periculum, Cic. Clu. 52, 144. 
4, averto, ti, sum, 3 (¢0 avert): 
which my friends could not w. off from 
me, quod non poterant avertere amici, 
Prop. 3, 24, 9. 5. amodveo, movi, 
motum, 2 (¢o keep far away, remove) : 
the Porcian law w.s off blows from 
citizens, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 12. 6. 
cAveo, cavi, cautum, 2 (to beware of, 
guard against): to w. off a blow, ictum 
c., Lucr. 6, 406: c. vim, Tac. A. 11, . 
warden; custos, ddis: v. KEEPER, 
GUARDIAN. Phr.: w. of the Cinque 
Ports, *quinque portuum custos, pro- 
curator: w. of a college, *collegii prae- 
positus, magister, praeses. 
warder: |. A sentinel, guard: 
1, exctibitor: the forts were secured 
by w.s, castella excubitoribus teneban- 
tur, Caes. B. G. 7, 69. Q. vigil: v. 
WATCHMAN. _ ||, A keeper of prisoners : 
custos, Odis: J will keep you under a 
cruel w., saevo te sub custode tenebo, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 77- 
wardrobe: |. The place to keep 
clothes: arca vestiaria (clothes chest): 
Cato R. R. 11, 3: vestiarium: Plin, 
I]. Zhe clothes themselves: ves- 
tiarium, Col. 1, 3, 17: or use vesti- 
menta, orum, vestes, etc. Vv. CLOTHES. 
The w. (dresses) of a theatre, vestis 
scenica, choragium (Georg.). 


WARDSHIP 


wardship: |. Guardianship : 
1, tiitéla: to come under w., ID 
tutelam pervenire, Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 
16. Q, *ciiratio: cf. use of curator 
in Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 1023 and v. Smith’s 
Ant. 375. Il. State of pupilage: 
*pupillaris aetas, status, or, perh., tutela: 
V. GUARDIANSHIP. 
ware or wares: 1, merx, cis, f.: 
good w. easily find a purchaser, proba 
merx facile emptorem reperit, Pl. Poen. 
I, 2, 128; w. for sale, vevales merces, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 11. 2. mercimonium : 
in buying and selling w., in merci- 
Moniis emundis vendundisque, Pl. Am. 
prol. 1: w. in shops, mercimonium in 
tabernis, Tac. A. 15, 38. 
warehouse: 1, *mercium re- 
ceptaculum, horreum, cella. Fig.: that 
town was a w. for your plunder, illud 
oppidum receptaculum tibi praedae tuit, 
lc. Verr. 5, 23, 59. 9, taberna (a 
shop). Cic.: Liv.: Tac. 
warfare: militia, bellum, res bel- 
lica: v. WAR. 
warily: provide, caute, circum- 
specte, considerate, diligenter: v. WARY. 
Phr.: to go w. to work, *circumspectius 
agere, rem tractare. 
wariness: 1, cautio: w. and 
timidity, cautio et timiditas, Cic. de Or. 
2, 14, 300. Q. circumspectio (a care- 
ful looking round, to avoid possible 
dangers): w. and thoughtfulness, c. et 
consideratio, id. Acad. 2, II, 35. 3. 
sagacitas (a keenness that makes one 
alive to danger): v. SAGACITY, ACUTE- 
ness. Phr.: to proceed with w., cau- 
tionem adbibere, omnia circumspicere, 
Cic. 
warlike: 1, militaris, e: w. 
matters, res militaris, Caes. B. G. 1, 21: 
a manly and w. mien, habitus corporis 
virilis ac militaris, Liv. 28, 35. Oo} 
bellicosus (of w. disposition) : w. tribes, 
gentes b., Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33: a 
more w. year (more abounding in wars), 
bellicosior annus, Liv. 10, 9, ad jin. 
3, bellicus: w. matters, res b., Cic. 
4. belliger: w. nations, belligerae 
gentes, Ov. Tr. 3, 11,13. Phr.: things 
have a w. appearance, omnia belli 
speciem tenent (after Liv. 5, 41): the 
political horizon wears @ w. aspect, * res 
ad arma spectant (Georg.). In the gen. 
sense of bold, courageous, fierce, etc., 
ferox, acer, strenuus, etc., may be equi- 
valent of warlise, esp. in poetry. 
warm (adj.): |. Lit.: 1 
calidus (implies considerable heat): a 
w. day, dies c., Virg.: w. water, aqua 
c., Cic., or simply calida or calda, Plin.: 
a w. bath, balneum calidum, Plin.: or 
if many bathe together, thermae, Plin. - 
to bathe in w. water, calida lavari, 
Plin.: w. springs, aquae calidae, Liv. : 
a fountain cold by day, w. by night, 
fons luce diurna frigidus, et calidus 
nocturno tempore, Lucr. 6, 850. Dy 
tépidus (just w., defined by Seneca, 
Ep. 92, 19, as inter frigidum et calidum): 
w. water, aqua t., Plin.- a w. breeze, 
aura t., Ov.: a w. winter, hiems t., 
Plin.: w. mille, tepidum lac, Ov. M. 7, 
24. 8, fervidus (extremely w., hot) : 
the w. beams of the sun, fervidi ictus, 
Hor. Od. 2,15,9. —[J. Fig.: Phr.: w. 
in my youth, calidus juventa, Hor. Od. 3, 
14, 27: w. language, fervida oratio, Cic. 
Brut. 73, 288: w. friendship, love, ami- 
citia intima, amor intimus, Nep.: @ w. 
imagination, *calidior, acrior quaedam 
vis imaginandi: he is my warmest 
friend, illum habeo amicorum prin- 
cipem, Cic. (e Kr.): a w. patriot, * stu- 
diosissimus patriae defensor, propug- 
nator (Kr.): there was w. worl (in 
Jighting) there, acriter in eo loco pug- 
natum est, Caes. B. G. 2,10. To be w.: 
t&pere, calére, fervére (acc. to the degree 
of warmth): to become w., tepescere, 
calescere, fervescere. 
warm (v.): |. Trans.: to make 
warm. 1, t&péfiicio, féci, factum, 3 
(to bring from coldness to moderate 
warmth): the sun not only w.s the earth 
but often burns it, sol non modo tepe- 
facit solum, sed etiam saepe comburit, 





Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 40. 


WARNING 


WARRANT 





9. caléfacio (of 
a greater degree of heat): to w. the 
body, ad calefaciendum corpus, id. N. D. 
2,60, 151: hearts w.’d (to fury) by the 
mélée, calefacta corda tumultu, Virg. 
Aen. 12, 269. 3, foveo, 1Ovi, fotum, 2 
(to w. by promoting internal or animal 
heat): birds w. their young wtth their 
wings, aves pullos pennis fovent, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 52, 129: low. viands in « hot 
brazier, epulas fovere foculis in fervent- 
ibus, Pl. Capt. 4, 2, 67. Phr.: to w. 
oneself at the fire, artus admoto igne 
refovere, Curt.: to w. up (dress again, 
foud), *epulas recoquere (Georg.): yes- 





terday’s soup w.’d up, jus hesternum, 
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17: Alexander came in 
Diogenes’ way while w.ing himself in 
the sun, Alexander offecerat Diogeni 
apricanti, Civ. Tusc. 5, 32, 92- Il. 
Intrans.: to become warm: V. WARM 
| (adj.). _ ; 

warming (subs.) : caléfactio (late) : 
Dig. Better expr. by verb: we use 
wood for w., materia ad corpus cale- 
| faciendum utimur, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151: 
v. TO WARM. 

warming-apparatus: impressi pa- 
rietibus tubi, per quos circumtunditur 
calor, qui ima pariter et summa aequa- 
liter fovet: Sen. Ep. go, 25 (e Kr.). 

warming-pan: *vas ad lectum 
calefaciendum. 

warmly: |. Lit.: expr. gene- 
rally by a periphrasis: warmly clad, 
*spissis vestibus involutus ~ or for fig. 
senses use vehementer, acriter, etc. 

il. Fig.: 1, calide (fig. only): 

to act w. (eagerly), c. agere, Pl. ; 
ferventer: to speak w., f. loqui, Coel. in 
Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2. 

warmth: 1. calor, Oris: vital w., 
c. vitalis, Lucr. 3, 129: youthjul w., 
juvenilis calor, Quint. Q. tépor, Oris : 
external w., externus tepor, Cic. N. D. 2, 
Io, 26. 8, fervor, Oris: w. of the 
sun, fervores solis, Lucr. 5, 216: w. of 
Seeling, fervor pectoris, Hor. Od. 1, 16, 
24. Phr.: to act with w., *cum animi 
fervore agere; vehementer, acriter 
agere; vehementius, acrius (with con- 
siderable w.); vehemenUssime, acer- 
rime (with extreme iv.). 

warn: 1, moneo, 2: Fabius w.’d 
me of this, Fabius ea me monuit, Cic. 
Fam. 3, 3, 1: Caecina w.’d his soldiers 
of the emergency, Caecina milites neces- 
sitatis monuit, Tac. A. 1, 67: to w. of a 
thing, monere de aliquo, Cic.: to w. to 
do, monere ut faciat, Cic. Fam. fo, 1, 2: 
T w. them to keep off their hands, moneo 
abstineant manus, id. Verr. Act. 1, 12, 
36: the year ws you not to hope, monet 
annus ne speres, Hor. Od. 4, 7,77: the sun 
w.s us that tumults are at hand, sol m. 
tumultus instare, Virg. G. 1, 464. 9. 
admoneo, 2 (rather more of jriendly 
warning or advice on things past or 
present, less of things future): constr. 
as moneo: also with inf. in poets and 
later prose: evening has w.’d them to 
leave the fields, vesper admonuit dece- 
dere campis, Virg. G. 4, 186. 3. 
praemodneo, 2 (to forewarn): constr. 
with ut, ne, and swbj.,or with de; or 
with dependent clause: that future 
princes might be w.’d how they might 
gain glory, ut futuri principes prae- 
monerentur qua via possent ad gloriam 
niti, Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 2. Phr.: to 
suffer oneself to be w.’d, *audire monen- 
tem, nonenti obsequi (Georg.) : to refuse 
to be w.’d, *rejicere, spernere Monentem 
(Georg.), 

warning: 1, mdnitio (the act of 
w.): let w. be without bitterness, m. 
careat acerbitate, Cic. Am. 24, 89. 3. 
monitus, ts, (poet. and of w.s from 
heaven): he had finished his w., finierat 
monitus, Ov. M. 2, 103: by the w. of 
Fortune, fortunae monitu, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 
86. 3, monitum (w. when given): 
advice and w.s, consilia, monita, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 8, 2: w.s of the gods, deorum 
m., id. Har. resp. 25, 54- 4, admd- 
nitio: w. is a mild reproof, admonitio 
lenior objurgatio est, Cic. de Or 2, 83, 
339- 5, admonitus, is (only found 








| in the abl.): at the w. he is more furious, 
acrior admonitu est, Ov. M. 3, 566, 
G6, admonitum : precepts, w.s, prae- 
cepta, admonita, Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 64 
7. décimentum (a w. to instruct, 
a lesson, proof): a w. was given them 
that they might guard against a similar 
wrong, documentum datum illis cavendae 
similis injuriae, Liv. 3, 50, med.: to tuke 
w. what the vanquished have to fear, d. 
capere quid victis sit extimescendum 
Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5: t¢ was a w. not to 
hold the comitia, documento fuit ne 
comitia haberentur, Liv. 7, 6, extr. 8 
exemplum (a w. by example to deter) 
make me a w., exemplum statuite ip 
|} me, Ter. Heaut. prol. 51: establish a 
w., what great punishments are ready 
Jor such men, e, statuite quantae poenae 
sint istiusmod! hominibus comparatae, 
| Auct. Her. 4, 35,47. Phr.: to take w, 
by anything, *exemplo monitus cavere : 
| by this w. learn justice, discite justitiam 
moniti, Virg. Aen. 6, 620: evildoers are 
punished as a w. to others, *malefici 
puniuntur in terrorem caeteris: to give 
w.: for ordinury senses v. TO WAKN : (6 
give w. of (appoint publicly) a day, 
praedicere diem, Tac. A. 2, 19. of @ 
master or servant: perb. renuntiare, or 
nuntium mittere (lit. to send a letter of 
divorce, cf. Cic. Fam. 16, 16). 

Warp (subs.): stamen, inis, n. (opp. 
to the woof, subtemen or trama) : Hl 
draws down the long w. (threads of the 
w.) from full distaff, deducit plena 
stamina longa colo, Tib. 1, 3, 86: a reed- 
comb separates the w., stamen secernit 
arundo, Ov. M. 6, 55: cf. Smith's Ant, 
941. 

warp (v.): |. Trans.: to bend 
distort: torqueo, fiecto, depravo: v. TO 
DISTORT, BEND, DEPRAVE: to w. and 
bend his nature every way, naturam huc 
et illuc torquere et flectere, Cic. Coel. 6, 
13: to w. every thing to suit his oum 
advantage, omnia ad suum commodum 
torquere, Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 46. Phr.: to 
have one’s judgment w.'d, *pravo esse 
judicio, pravejudicare. ||, lntrans.: 
of wood. ], pando, 1: elm and ash 
soo w., ulmus et fraxinus celeriter 
pandant, Vitr. 2, 9. 2. pandus esse; 
cypress and pine are wont to w., Cupres- 
sus et pinus solent esse pandae, Vitr, 
2, 9. 

warping (of wood): pandatio: Vitr. 

I 


nls 
warrant (subs.): |. Authority. 
], auctéritas (most gen. term): 
justice even without wisdom gives enough 
w. (of veracity), justitia sine prudentia 
satis habet auctoritatis, Cic. Off. 2, 9, 
34: the w. o/ evidence, a. testimonii, id. 
Flacc. 22, 53: the w. of senate and 
people, a. senatus populique, Suet. Caes. 
28. 2, podtestas (ofjicialright): right 
and w., jus potestasque, Cic. Phil. 11, 
12, 30. 3, licentla (liberty to act): 
they had also warrant to acquit, data 
et absolvendi licentia, lac. A. 14, 49. 
|]. A commission that gives autho- 
rity. 1. mandatum (a wriiten w. or 
commission): on my w,, Mandato meéo, 
Cic. Fam. 2, 11, 2; an imperial w., m, 
principum, Frontin. 2. mandatus, 
ts (only in abl.): on the w. of the 
praetor, mandatu praetoris, Suet. Caes. 
ae 3, diploma, atis, n. (w. for sufe 
conduct, passport): that Otho’s ws 
might regain their validity, ut diplo- 
mata Othonis revalescerent, Tac. H. 2, 
54. Phr.: under the warrant of the 
gods, diis auctoribus, Liv. 28, 28, med. : 
they ovied that they had a w. for what 
they did, vociferab.uvur esse sibi auc- 
torem, ‘I'ac. A. 15, 38, extr.: to tssue a 
w. for a criminal’s apprehension, *dare 
auctoritatem (mandatum) ad sontem 
comprehendendum: praemandare ut tu- 
gitivus conquiratur, Vatin. in Cic, Fam. 
5,9, 2. : : 
warrant (v-): 1. firmo, 1 ( es- 
tablish, prove): many things are w.'d 








by an oath, multa jurejurando firmantar, 

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 16. 9. confirmo, 1: 

Jor myself I promise ond w. you, de me 

tibi promitte et confirmo, Cic. Fam. 3, 
gis 


WARRANTY 


Io, I. 3, probo, 1: difficult to w., 
difficile probatu, Cic. Tusc. 5, 1, T. , 
praesto, stiti, stitum and statum, 1 (¢o be 
responsible for) : to w. not yourself only 
but all your subalterns, non te unum sed 
omnes ministros praestare, Cic. Q. Fr. 
I, 1, 3: uho could w. that there would be 
no pirates? praedones nullos fore quis 
praestare poterat? id. Flacc. 12, 28: J 
cannot warrant you (safe) from vio- 
lence, ego tibi a vi praestare nihil 
possum, Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 3. 5, pro- 
mitto, misi, missum, 3 (fo w. im the 
future): I warrant that Caesar will be 
such, promitto Caesarem talem fore, Cic. 
Phil. 5, 18, 51. 6. spondeo, spépondi, 
sponsum, 2 (to give solemn pledge) : were 
Jupiter as voucher to warrant wt, I 
would not hope, non si mihi Jupiter 
auctor spondeat, sperem, Virg. Aen. 5, 
18. 7, sancio, xi, ctum, 4 (to fix, 
authorise, as by law): a law to establish 
and w. this, lex de his confirmandis et 
sanciendis, Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17. 8. 
auctor sum (to w.a fact as true, or to au- 
thorise the doing, used of persons): 
rumour said you were in Syria, 10 one 
w.d it, fama nuntiabat te esse in Syria, 
auctor erat nemo, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 2: 
they wd Bibulus’ promising the same, 
auctores fuere Bibulo tantundem polli- 
cendi, Suet. Caes. 19. Phr.: tow. an 
omission, fault, *in excusatione esse cur 
omiseris, deliqueris: nothing can w. 
your conduct, *excusare te prorsus nor 
potes: I gave many excuses to w. my 
getting off, multa dixi cur excusatus 
avitem, Hor. Ep. 1, 9,7: J’Ul warrant 
you : nimirum, profecto, mehercule (wn- 
doubtedly, w:faith) : Ter. 

warranty: Ssitisdatio: 
BANTEE. 

warren: @ preserve for game or 

h: j, vivarium: Plin.: Juv. 

9, septum (enclosure): a w. for 

beasts of chace, venationis septum, Varr. 
Raat eke; ne. 3. léporarium (a 
place where hares, etc. are kept): Varr. 
R. R. 3, 3. A rabbit w., *cuniculorum 
leporarium. Phr.: free w., * libertas 
yenandi, aucupandi, piscandi. 

warrener: * vivarii custos (Kr.). 

warrior: 1, bellator: a w. and 
general, bellator duxque, Liv. 9, 1. 
Fig.: a@ w. with the tankard, b. 
cantharo, Pl. Men. 1, 3, 5. 2. proe- 
liator: no less a w., non minus proelia- 
tor, Tac. A. 2,73. 3, puguator (gen., 
an actual combatant): a renowned w., 
clarus p., Sil. 15, 595. (These three 
words are mostly in poets or poetic 
prose.) 4, miles, itis (qualified by 
some epithet): a skilful, energetic, gal- 
lant w., *m. peritus, strenuus, fortis. 

5, homo militaris (an experienced 

w.): they being w.s, illi homines m., Sall. 
C. 45: the rough tongue of aw., rudis in 
militari homine lingua, Liv. 2, 56, med. 
Phr.: a brilliant w., in bellica laude 
egregius, Liv.: a skilful w., militiae, 
belli, etc. peritus, Liv.: Caes.: to be a 
great, distinguished w. (with reference 
to actual wars waged), maximas res in 
bello gessisse, Liv.: a great w. and 
statesman, * magnus bello nec minor 
pace ; quum in armis tum in toga prac- 
stantissimus. 

wart: verriica: basil removes w.s, 
ocimum tollit verrucas, Plin. Fig.: 
let him pardon his friend’s w.s (small 
failings), ignoscat verrucis amici, Hor. 
S. 1, 3, 74. Phr.: covered with w.s, 
warty, verricosus (an appellation of Q. 
Fabius in Cic. Brut. 14, 57). Fig.: 
warty (rugged) Antiopa, v. Antiopa, 
Pers: 1; "J. 

wary: 1, providus (foreseeing) : 
cautious and w. men, homines cauti pro- 
vidique, Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117. 2. 
prudens: acute and w., peracutus et 
prudens, Cic. Or. 5, 18. 8, cautus 
(cautious): how w. he is where there’s 
no need, ut cautus est ubi nil opus est, 
ers Phd 5; se 4, circumspectus 
(keeping the eyes open to surrounding 
dangers): w. and sagacious, c. et sagax, 
Suet. Claud. 15. 5, sagax (keen of 
ER atl a w. animal, animal sagax, 

93 


Vv. GUA- 





WASTE 


Cie: Megas 455225 G. considératus 
(judiciously weighing everything): @ 
w. man, homo c., Cic. Caec. I, I. 

wash (v.): |. Trans: iL 
livo, 1, and lavi, lautum, 3 (the most 
gen. term): to w. hands, manus lavare, 
Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 246: to w. hair, crines 
1., Hor. Od. 4, 6, 26: he w.’d the sacred 
vessels in the water, sacra lavit aquis, 
Ov. Fast. 4, 340: to w. with tears, lacri- 
mis l., Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 8: the sea w.’d the 
sands, mare lavit arenas, Ov. M. 1, 
267. Fig.: to w. away evils with 
wine, mala vino lavere, Hor. Od. 3, 
13, 2: you come to w. out your fault 
by prayers, venis precibus lautum 
peccatum tuum, Ter. Ph. 5, 7, 80. 

9. luo, lui, 3 (rare, and poet.): 
Greece is w.’d by the Ionian sea, Graecia 
luitur [onio, Sil. 11, 22. 3. abluo, ui, 
itum, 3 (to w. away): he seeks the bath 
to w. away the blood, petit balineas ab- 
luendo cruori, Tac. H. 3, 32: w. away 
the perjury, ablue perjuria, Ov. F. 5, 
681. 4. éluo (to rinse, w. out): to 
w. out dishes, patinas e., Pl. Capt. 3, 2, 
66: to w. out colour, colorem e., Lucr. 
6, 1076. Fig.: crime is wd out, scelus 
eluitur, Virg. Aen. 6,742. _ §, perluo 
(to w. thoroughly): he w.s his hands, 
perluit manus, Ov. F. 5, 435. 6. 
alluo (to w. against): the river w.s 
the sides of the island, fluvius alluit 
latera insulae, Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6. Il. 
Intrans.: to w., to bathe: 1, lavor, 
1: they w. in the rivers, lavantur in flu- 
minibus, Caes. B. G. 4, 1. 9. lavo,1 
and 3: fish are w.ing all their life long, 
pisces usque dum vivunt lavant, Pl. 2, 
By Le 3, perluor, 3: I w. in cold 
water, gelida perluor unda, Hor. Ep. 1, 
15,4. Phr.: this dress will (will not) 
w., *huic vesti post lavationem stat 
(evanescit) color. 

wash (subs.): |, v. WASHING: Phr.: 
to send to the w., *ad lavandum dare. 

I]. Cosmetic, lotion : 1, fiicus: 
to dye with a blue w., tingere caeruleo 
fuco, Prop. 2,18, 27. 2, médicament- 
um: Sen. II]. A marsh, esp. ata 
river’s mouth, estuary: palus, adis, /- : 
aestuarium: w.s and marshes, aestuaria 
et paludes, Caes. B. G. 2, 28: Vv. MARSH, 
FEN. 

—-hand basin: 1, aqualis 
(sc. urceus): won't you give him a w.? 
datin’ isti aqualem? Pl. Cure. 2, 3, 33. 

2, aquaemanalis: Varr. in Non. 

3, Aquiminarium: Ulp. Dig. 

— -hand stand: *abacus lavandi 
supellectilem continens (Kr.). 

-house: *aedificium linteis la- 

vandis (Kr.). 

-tub; *alveus ad lintea lavanda. 
washerwoman: *mulier lintea 

lavans (Kr.). 

washing: 1, lavatio: what mat- 
ters it lomy w.? quid attinet ad meam 
lavationem ? Pl. Most. 1, 3, 4. 2. ab- 
latio: Plin. 3, lottura: Plin. 4. 
lotio: Vitr. Pbhr.: a w. bill, schedula 








(scidula) linteorum lavandorum index ; 


(Kr.). 

wasp: vespa: w.s make their nests 
of mud, vespae e luto nidos faciunt, 
Plin. 11, 21, 24. Phr.: to stir a w.s’ 
nest (prov.), crabrones irritare, Pl. Am. 
2, 2, 75- 

waspish: asper, acerbus, stomach- 
dsus, Iracundus: V. IRRITABLE, PASSION- 
ATE. 

waspishness: acerbitas, stomachus, 
jracundia, morositas : V. IRRITABILITY. 

waste (subs.): |. Destruction : 
vastatio, populatio, etc.: Vv. DESTRUC- 
TION, RAVAGE. ||. Loss, diminution : 

]1, damnum: the swift moons re- 
pair the w., celeres lunae reparant 
damna, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 13- 9. detri- 
mentum: to make up for w., reconcin- 
nare detrimentum, Caes. B. C. 2, 15. 
8, dispendium: without loss and 

w., sine damno et dispendio, Pl. Poen. 
LBS jk )5 4, jactiira: w. of property, 
jactura rei familiaris, Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79. 

5, intertrimentum (w. by attrition) : 
in gold there is no w., in auro nihil fit 
intertrimenti, Liv. 34, 7, ad intt, 6. 








WATCH 


retrimentum (refuse): the w. of olives, 
r. oleae, Varr. R. R. 1, 64. 7, récisa- 
mentum (chips): Plin. 8. rament- 
um (shavings) : w. of tron, ferri r., Lucr. 
6, 1044: of wood, ligni, Plin. Wh 
Act of w.ing, throwing away carelessly : 
]. effiisio: w. apes liberality, ef- 
fusio imitatur liberalitatem, Cic. Part. 
23, 81. 2. proftisio: excessive ., 
nimia p., Plin. Ep. 2, 4. Or expr. by 
sumptus effusi, luxuria profusa:; v. DIs- 
SIPATION. IV. A desert place: 
vastitas: what a wilderness, what aw, 
quae solitudo, quae vastitas, Cic. Verr. 
4, 51, 114. 9. sdlitado: they had 
hidden themselves in w.s and woods, se 
in s. et in silvas abdiderant, Caes. B. G. 
4, 18. 
waste (adj.): 1, vastus (empty, 
desolate, sviahanls trees or Raat 
kind of land w. and desert, genus agro= 
rum vastum atque desertum, Cic. Agr 
2,26, 70. 2, désertus (lonely, desert) : 
w. places, loca deserta, Caes. B. G. 5, 
53. 3, incultus (unculti SuueDe 
regions, incultae regiones, Cic. N. D. 1, 
Io, 24. Phr.: tolayw.: 1], vastare: 
jields laid w., agri vastati, Caes. B. O. 1, 
he 2. popilari: to lay w. fields, 
agros p., Caes. B. G. I, 11: v. TO DE- 
vasTaTE: Troy ts laid w., fit vasta 
Troja, Pl. Bac. 4,9,130. Phr.: there is 
w. (empty) space, vacat spatium, Lucr. 1, 
508: lands ite w., agri vacant, Caes. B. G. 
4, 3: Ww. paper, chartae ineptae (silly, 
useless writings, such as we use thus): 
whatever is wrapped up in w. paper, 
quicquid chartis amicitur ineptis, Hor. 
Ep. 2,1, 270. 
waste (v.): |. Trans.: 1, con- 
sumo, mpsi, mptum, 3: tolavish and w. 
in luaury, per luxuriam effundere atque 
corsumere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6: w.d by 
Jive, incendio consumptus, Liv. 25, 7: 
wd by grief, moerore c., Liv. 40, 54. 
92, conficio, féci, fectum, 3: fires 
would w. the woods, ignes conficerent 
silvas, Lucr. 1, g05: w.d by age, con- 
fectus senectute, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21. 
3. corrumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3 (t 
destrey, spoil): te w. by fire, incendio c., 
Caes. b. G. 7, 55: to w. opportunities, c. 
opportunitates, Sall. C. 43. 4. perdo, 
didi, ditum, 3 (to squander, lose) : let him 
use up, w., consumat, perdat, Ter. Heaut. 
3, 1,56: to w. time, p. tempus, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 36, 146: to w. pains, p. operam, id. 
Mur. 10, 23. 5, dissipo, 1 (to w. by 
scattering): to w. property, d.rem fami- 
liarem, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 5- 6. profundo, 
fiidi, fusum, 3 (to w. by pouring out): 
they have w.d their patrimonies, patri- 
monia profuderunt, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10. 
4, vasto, 1 (to lay w.): v. phrases 
under WASTE (adj.). |]. intrans.: 
to waste away: ], tabesco, bui, 3: 
moisture w.s through heat, humor tabes- 
cit calore, Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26: tow. away 
with grief, t. luctu, Luecr. 3, 924. 2. 
contabesco (of gradual w.ing): Arte- 
misia w.d away worn out by grief, 
Artemisia luctu confecta contabuit, Cic. 
Tuse: 3; 31,795: 3, consimor, con- 
ficior: v. supr. 
wasteful : ]. Destructive: per- 
nicidsus, édax, etc.: V. DESTRUCTIVE 
Il. Ruinously lavish: 1, pro 
digus: they are w. who lavish their 
money on things of which they will leave 
a short-lived memory, prodigi sunt qui 
pecunias profundunt in eas res quarum 
memoriam brevem sint relicturi, Cic. Off. 
2, 16,55.  Q, profiisus: an abandoned 
and w. spendthrift, perditus ac profusus 
nepos, Cic. Quint. 12, 40: w. expense, 
profusi sumptus, ib. 30, 93: w. uith his 
own wealth, sui profusus, Sall. C. 5. 
3, elftisus (wnrestrainedly w., but 
not quite so much in dispraise as pro- 
fusus): who more w. in giving ? quis in 
largitione effusior? Cic. Cael. 6, 13: v. 


EXTRAVAGANT. 
wastefully : 1, prodige: Cic. 
8. effiise : Cic. 


9. profiise: Liv. 
wastefulness: luxiria, profusio, 

etc. : V. WASTE, EXTRAVAGANCE. 
watch (subs.): |. 4 keeping 

awake: vigilia: who has not heard of 


bare aN, 


\Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 8. 


WATCH 


WATER 


WATER-CRESS 





Demosthenes’ watches ? cui non auditae — 
sunt Demosthenis vigiliae ? Cic. ‘lusc. 4, 
19, 44: V. WAKEFULNESS. |]. 4 keep- 
ing awake for security, a guard: EI 
vigilia (by night): that they might keep 
w. by night, ut noctu vigilias agerent, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93: wearied with sen- 
tries and w.,s, stationibus vigiliisque 
fessus, Liv. 5, 48: hence of the time of 
a w., @ fourth part of the night: in the 
first w., prima vigilia, Liv. 5, 44: of the 
persons: to arrange the w. through the 
city, disponere vigilias per urbem, Liv. 
39, 14, fin. 9. exciibiae, arnm (by 
day or night): arms, cohorts, w.s, arma, 
cohortes, excubiae, Cic. Mil. 25, 67: of 
the persons: he orders the military w. 
to depart, excubias militares degredi 
jubet, Tac. A. 13, 18. 3, statio (the 
post: hence, esp. in plur., the sentry, 
the w.): the w. duly arvanged, dispositae 
stationes, Caes.B.G. 5,16. 4, custddia 
(safe keeping): keep w. here, agitato hic 
custodiam, Pl. Rud. 3, 6, 20: a colony 
secured by w.s, colonia custodiis munita, 
Phr.: to set a w., 
Vigilias, etc., ponere, disponere: to keep 
w., Vv. agere, obire: to keep w. over: cus- 
todire aliquem: v. TO WATCH: to visit, 
7 the w., vigilias circumire, Tac. : to 
set a strong w. about the house, domum 
magnis praesidiis firmare, Cic. Ul. 4 
watch to tell the time: no exact word; 
the Romans had no portable timepiece: 
use hordlogium (time-marker generally); 
solarium (sun-dial) ; clepsydra (water- 
clock): v. clock. With horologium for 
a watch, the foll. phrases may serve: 
the hand of a w., * horologii virgula, 
gnomon (the pointer of w sun-dial): a 
w. goes, *h. movetur: stops, *stat: is 
too fast, slow, *celerius, tardius movetur : 
‘owind up a w., *h. intendere: w.-chain, 
case, *horologii catella, theca: w.- 

-aker, * borologiorum artifex. 
watcn (v.): |. Trans.: iL 
stodio, 4 (to guard): the youth who w. 
your person and your house, juventus 
quae tuum corpus domumque custodit, | 
Cic. Mil. 25, 67. 9. observo, 1 (to w. 
narronly): he w.’d for the dog to be 
asleep, observavit dum dormitaret canis, 
Pl. Trin. 1, 2, 133: they w. how he is en- 
ed, vccupationem ejus observant, 





gross 

Cic. Rose. Ain. 8, 22: to lie in wait and 
w. for, insidiari et observare, id, Or. 62, 
210: I bade him w. his opportunity for 
delivering the letter, praecepi ut tempus 
observaret epistolae reddendae, Cic. Fam. 
11, 16, 1: to w. the door, januam o., Pl. 
Asin: 2, 2; 47. 8, servo, 1: my wife 
w.s me, uxor me servat, Pl. Rud. 4, 1, 4: 
Tisiphone w.s the vestibule, Tisiphone 


‘servat vestibulum, Virg. Aen. 6, 556. 


4, spéciilor, 1 (to look out for): to 
w. and examine everything, omnia spe- 
culari et perscrutari, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59: 
the eyes and ears of many will w. and 
observe you, multorum te oculi et aures 
speculabuntur et custodient, id. Cat. 1, 
2, 6. 5, exspecto, 1 (to w. with hope, 
desire): Iw. fer your return with hope, 
reditum spe exspecto, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 
5: the state is w.ing most eagerly for 
that, eam rem avidissime civitas ex- 
spectat, id. Phil. 14,1, 1. §, insidior, 
I (with treacherous intent): Gracchus, 
thinking that they must w. for this 
opportunity, huic Gracchus insidiandum 
tempori ratus, Liv. 23, 35, ad fin. 
Phr.: to have any one w.’d, custodem 
(custodes) alicui dare, ponere, imponere : 
Cic.: Caes.: to have a place w.’d, locum 
custodiis munire, Cic.: he w.’d for a 
chance to overwhelm the other general 
and army, in alterius ducis exercitusque 
opprimendi occasionem imminebat, Liv. 
25, 20. I], Intrans.: 1, vigilo, 
I (not to sleep, to be vigilant, attentive) : 
to w. till late at night, ad multam 
noctem vigilare, Cic. ip. '6, 510; 10: 
we must always w., vigilandum ’st 
semper, Att. in Cic. Planc. 24, 59: J will 
be sentinel and w. for you, excubabo vi- 
gilaboque pro vobis, Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18. 

2. exciibo, 1 (to lie out on guard): 
two legions were w.ing before the camp, 
duae legiones pro castris excubabant, 


Caes. B. G. 4, 24: Cerberus ws before 
the door, Cerberus excubat ante fores, 
Tib. 1, 3,72. 3, animum adverto (to 
w. with mind as well as eye): let them w. 
that no tumult arise, animadverterent 
ne quid tumultus oriretur, Liv. 4, 45: 
Vv. TO ATTEND, ATTENTIVE. 

watchful: 1. vigilans: aw. and 
keen-eyed tribune of the commons, vi- 
gilans et acutus tribunus plebis, Cic. Agr. 
ie Oe 2 2. vigil (poet.): w. eyes, 
vigiles oculi, Virg. Aen. 4, 182 : v. WAKE- 
FUL. Phr.: to be w., vigilare, advi- 
gilare, vigilem esse: to keep a w. eye 
on anything, diligenter servare, obser- 
vare, aliquid: v. TO WATCH: to be w. 
against anything, cavere ab aliquo: v. 
TO BEWARE. 

watchfully: vigilanter: to manage 
@ province w., Vv. administrare provin- 
ciam, Cic. Verr. 4, 64, 144. Comp. and 
sup., Vigilantius, vigilantissime, Cic. 

watchfulness : 1, _vigilantia : 
Sicily was preserved by his w., Sicilia 
istius vigilantia servata est, Cic. Verr. 5, 
sae Q. vigilia: w. and foresight, 
vigilia et prospicientia, Cic. Phil. 7, 7, 19. 

3. cura, diligentia, cautio, etc.- v. 

CARE, PRUDENCE. 

watch-house: 1, custddia: we 
are placed in this w., and as it were 
watch-tower, in hac custodia et tanquam 
in specula collocati sumus, Cic. Phil. 7, 
7, 19. 2. *statio (a post, station). 

3. vigiliarium: Sen. Ep. 57, med. 

watchman: 1, custos, ddis, m. 
(Keeper): the watchmen of the temple, 
fani custodes, Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 94. Dy 
vigil: watchmen by night, nocturni 
vigiles, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 195. 8. excii- 
bitor: by night they were secured by 
watchmen, noctu excubitoribus tene- 
bantur, Caes. B. G. 7, 69: what w. can 
be found more vigilant (than a dog) ? 
quis excnbitor inveniri potest vigilan- 
tior? Col. 7, 12, 1. 

watch-tower: spéciila: fire raised 
From aw. signalled the approach of the 
pirates, praedonum adventum signifi- 
cabat ignis e s. sublatus, Cic. Verr. 5, 
35, 93: Misenus gives the signal from 
a high w., dat signum specula Misenus 
ab alta, Virg. Aen. 3, 239. 

watchword: 1, _tesstra (the ta- 
blet on which the word was written): 
the w. was given through the camp by the 
consul, tessera per castra a consule data 
erat, Liv. 27, 46, init.: the w., the signal 
Jor war, ts passed, it bello tessera signum, 
Virg. Aen. 7,637. 2, signum (signal, 
whether given by tessera or otherwise) : 
having given the w. “ Success,” signo 
Felicitatis dato, Auct. B. Afr. 83: the 
tessera gives in silence the w., tacitum 
dat tessera signum, Sil. 15, 475. 

water (subs.): 1. aqua (usual 
word): out of earth comes w., out of w. 
atr, ex terra aqua, ex aqua oritur aer, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 843 sea w., a. marina, 
Cic.: salt w., fresh w., a. salsa, dulcis, 
Lucr, 6, 891: river w., a. fiuvialis, 
Virg.: Col.: rain w., a. pluvia, plu- 
vialis, caelestis, Cic.: Virg.: Hor.: run- 
ning w., a. viva, Varr.: a spring of 
flowing w., jugis aquae fons, Hor. Sat. 
2, 6, 2: standing w., a. stagnans, 
Plin.: aquae in plur. of a collection 
of w.: a vast body of w. comes from 
heaven, immensum coelo venit agmen 
aquarum, Virg. G. 1, 322: there were 
floods of w. twice in that year, aquae 
magnae bis eo anno fuerunt, Liv. 24, 9: 
unfailing streams of w., perennes aquae, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 107: also of the w.s of 
a seaside place, medicinal springs, ete. : 
to come for the ww.s, venire ad aquas, Cic. 
Planc. 27, 65 (hence names of places, 
Aquae Sextiae, etc.). 2. liquor (any 
liquid): the intervening w., medius 
liquor, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 46. 8, latex, 
icis, m. (any liquid) : sea w., |. marinus, 
Ov. Pont. 3, 1, 17: the w.s of Avernus, 
latices Averni, Virg. Aen. 4, 512. 4. 
lympha (esp. pure spring w.): the w. 
of the wells, lymphae puteales, Lucr. 6, 
1172: w. of a river, |. fluvialis, Virg. 
Aen. 4,635. 5. unda (a wave): snow 
w., undae nivales, Mart. 14, 118, 1: @ 


spring transparent with w., fons pellu- 
cidus unda, Ov. M. 3, 161. These last 
four words are poetic; and in poetry 
other equivalents for water may stand : 
¢. g. ammnis, lacus, mare, aequor, fiuctus, 
etc., according to the requirements of 
the passage. Phr.: bubbling, gushing 
w., scatebra, scatebrae, Plin.: Virg.: sca- 
turigo, inis, f.: Plin.: and in plur., Liv. 
44, 33: a flood of w.s, *superfusae aquae, 
undae: the Circus was laid under w. 
by the overflowing of the Tiber, Circus 
superfuso Tiberi irrigatus, Liv. 7, 3: 
river-banks under w., stagnantes ripae, 
Sil. 10, 89: by land and w., terra mari- 
que, terra et muri; et terra et mari, et 
Inari et terra, mari atque terra (terra 
Marique is most usual, the others in 
cases where a peculiar stress is placed 
on the words): to go by w., navigare: @ 
journey by w., navigatio (opp. to pedes- 
tre iter, p. via): lo convey goods by w., 
*merces in nave vehere, trans mare 
portare, exportare : he lives over (the 
other side of) the w., *trans mare 
(amnem) habitat; cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 18, 
trans Tiberim cubat: to fetch w., a 
petere, aquatum ire, aquari (a military 
term, Sall. J. 93): we see w. drawn from 
wells, ex puteis aquam trahi videmus, 
Cic. N. D. 2,9, 25: to turn off w. from 
a stream, aquam e fiumine derivare, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 72: the w. of the Alban 
lake was drawn off, aqua Albana de- 
ducta est, Cic. Div. 2, 32, 69: to back w., 
remos inhibere, Cic. Att. 13, 21, 3. 
Fig.: Chis will not hold w., *hoc non 
stat, haec ratio cadit; quod ais sonat 
vitium, effluis (after Pers. 3, 20)- a gem 
of the first w., *primi (eximii) splendoris 
gemma. For water in the sense of urine, 
V. URINE. 
water (v.): |. To bedew, wet: 
1, rigo, 1: the Nile ws Egupt, 
Nilus rigat Aegyptum, Lucr. 6, 714: 
she w.’d her face with her tears, fletibus 
ora rigavit, Ov. M. 11, 419. 2. ir- 
rigo, 1: from whose springs Epicurus 
w.’d his gardens, cujus fontibus Epicu- 
rus hortulos suos irrigavit, Cic. N. D. 1, 
43, 123. 3. conspergo, si, sum, 3 (t 
sprinkle): he required the streets to be 
w.'d because of the dust, vias conspergi 
propter pulverem exegit, Suet. Cal. 43, 
jin. 4, diluo, ui, itum, 3 (f& dilute 
with w.): w.’d Falernian, Mart. 1, 107, 
z: 5, misceo, miscui, mistum, 2 (te 
miz): you w. Veientan wine for me 
Veientana mihi misces, Mart. 3, 49, 1. 
|]. Zo give drink to: Ada&quo, 1: 
where the beast was wont to be w.’d, ubi 
jumentum adaquari solebat, Suet. Galb. 
47: or expr. by ad aquam, aquationem 
ducere, agere; potionem (pecori) dare, 
Phr.: Aetna makes your mouth w., 
Aetna salivam tibi movet, Sen. Ep. 79, 
med.: smoke that makes the eyes w., 
lacrimosus fumus, Ov. M. 10, 6. 

— -bottle; *ligéna aquaria (Kr.). 

—— -carrier: 1, Aquarius: a 
hired w. will come, veniet conductus 
aqnarius, Juv. 6, 332: the W. (one of 
the signs of the Zodiac) saddens the 
waning year, inversum contristat Aqua- 
rius annum, Hor. S. 1, 1,36. 2, aqua- 
tor (in an army): news ts brought that 
the w.s are hard pressed, nuntiatur 
aquatores premi, Caes. B. C. 1, 73: if 
Jem. *tulier aquam ferens (Kr.), 
-cask : *dolium aquarium. 

— -clock: clepsydra: v. cLoca 
and Smith’s Ant, 486. 

— -closet: 1, sella, sella fami 
liarica: Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 4. 9. 
latrina: the servant who cleans the w., 
ancilla quae latrinam lavat, PL Cure, 





Lyre 3. forica (a public w.): 
Fan. 7138. 4, lisinum (a close- 
stool): Petr. 

— -colour: “*pigmentum aqua 
dilutum. 


—  -coloured: caeriileus, cfaineus 
(sea-blue, dark-blue): cimatilis: Titin, 
in Non.: Vv. BLUE, 

— -cress: 1, sisymbrium : Bot, 

9, nasturtium (prob. garden-cress) : 
Xenophon says the Persians take no- 
thing but w. with their bread, Persas 

937 


WATER-DOG 





negat Xenvuphon ad panem adhibere 
quicquam praeter n., Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 


99. 
Gwaieeae : *cinis Aquaticus. 

— -drinker: aquue potor: poems 
cannot live that are written by w.s, 
carmina non vivere possunt quae scri- 
buntur aquae potoribus, Hor. Ep. 1, 
19, 3. 

yess -drinking ; *4quae potus, po- 
tatio. 

watered: |. Moist with water, 
well w. : 1, aquosus (whether by 
rivers or rain): a well w. place, 
aquosissimus locus, Cato, R. R. 34. 2, 
irriguus (by streams or springs): a 
tract w. by springs, regio irrigua fon- 
tibus, Plin. 5, 14, 15: @ w. garden, 
hortus irriguus, Hor. S. 2, 4, 16. Il. 
Marked with wavy lines: perh. *un- 
datus: cf. Plin. 9, 33, 52, who uses it of 
the markings of shells: or undulatus, an 
epithet of togae in Varr. in Non., cited 
also in Plin. 8, 48, 74. 

waterfall : 1, dejectus aquae 
(the falling of water): Sen. Ep. 56, 3. 

Q. desiliens aqua: a place wet with 
much spray from a lofty w., locus as- 
pergine multa uvidus ex alto desilientis 
aquae, Ov. F. 4, 427: cf. a description 
of an artificial cascade in Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 
24. 3, * caitaracta (in class. Lat. only 
of the Falls of the Nile, but used once 
in Plin, Ep. 10, 69, 4 of a sluice, flood- 


gate). 
— -flood: v. FLoop. 

— -fowl; avis Aquatica: Plin.: if 
of the sea, pelagi volucres, ef. Virg. G. 
I, 383: if of rivers or marshes, *aves 
fluviatiles, palustres. 

— -hen: fiilica: Plin.: the w.s 
sport on the dry land, in sicco ludunt 
fulicae, Virg. G. 1, 363. 

watering: aquatio (a fetching of 
water): Caes.: a w. of animals and 


plants + Col.: Pall. 
—-place: |, Forcattle: 1, 
Aquarium: let there be a w. near, aqua- 


rium prope sit, Cato, R. R. 1, 3. 2h 
aquatio: here is the w., hic aquatio, 
Cic. Off. 3, 14, 59. I]. Fashionable 
resort, for bathing, or medicinal waters : 
aquae, arum: the w. of Sinuessa, Sinues- 
sanae aquae, Tac. H. 1 a@ much- 
visited, pleasant, and healthy w., locus 
amoeno salubrium aquarum usu fre- 
quens, Tac. H. 1, 67. If simply the 
sea-side, mare, locus maritimus, mari- 
tima ora, may suffice. 

water- lily: *iris pseudoacdrus : 

inn.: or perh., iris (sword-lily) : Plin.: 
or Acdrus ( flag) : Plin. 

waterman: 1, nauta (boatman) : 
Appi Forum crowded with w., Forum 
Appi differtum nautis, Hor. S. 1, 5, 3. 

2. portitor (a ferryman): the w. 

of Orcus, portitor Orci, Virg. G. 4, 502. 
Phr.: to ply as a w., naviculariam 
(rem) facere, Cic. Verr. 5, 18, 46. 

—— -melon: *cucurbita citrullus: 


Linn. 

—-mill: mola Aquaria: Pall. 1, 
42. 

——-mint: *mentha aquatica: 
Linn. 

—— -pipe: 1, tibus: water is 


conveyed by w.s into a covered cistern, 
aqua tubis in contectam cisternam de- 
ducitur, Col. 1, 5, 2 Q. fistiila: the 
w.s by which water was supplied, fistulae 
quibus aqua suppeditabatur, Cic. Rab. 
perd. It, 31. 





-pot: 1, vas aquarium (gen. 
term for any vessel). 2. hydria (jug, 
ewer): Cic. Verr. 19, 47. 3, urceus: 


.an amphora began to be designed, why 
does a mere w. come out ? amphora coe- 
pit institui, cur urceus exit? Hor. A. P. 
22. 4. urna: you who have a w., put 
tm water, tu qui urnam habes, aquam 
ingere, Pl. Ps. 1, 2, 24. 

—— -proof: * aquam, bumores non 
transmittens; quod non recipit in se 
nec combibit liquorem ; quod humidam 
potestatem in corpus penetrare non 
patitur, Vitr. 2, 3, 4 (¢ Kr.): imbribus 
impervius (after Tac. A. 15, 43, igni- 
bus impervius, fire-proof): possessing | 


938 








WAVE 


ability to resist rain: *tutum muni- 
men ad imbres (poet.). (R. and A.) 
water-side : v. SHORE, BANK. 
r.: male the Hennenses measure 
out corn Jor you down by the i., coge ut 
ad aquam tibi frumentum Hennenses 
metiantur, Cic. Verr. 3, 83, 192: J will 
erect a temple by the w., templum ponam 
propter aquam, Virg. G. 3, 14. 

— -snake: 1. bhydrus: a w. 
lying close to the bank, hydrus servans 
ripas, Virg.G. 4, 458. 9. hydra (esp. 
of the constellation of the W.): here the 
W. raises itself from the lower parts, hic 
sese infernis de partibus erigit Hydra, 
Cic. aes 214. 

—— -spout: |. The end of a 
Sneeeop *tubi (fistulae) extrema 
pars. |]. In meteorology: 1, pres- 
ter, Gris, m. (a fiery whirlwind, the 
effect of which, as described in Lucr. 6, 
424, etc., and Plin. ii. 131-134, is a w.). 

9. typhon, dnis, m. (similar to the 
prester): Plin. 


—-trough: *alveus (alvédlus) 


aquarins. 
— -tub. * orca aquaria. 
—-wheel: rota aquaria: Cato 
R.R. 11,3. Phr.: an under-shot (over- 


shot) w. wheel, *rota subterfluente (super- 
fusa) aqua circumacta. 


—-willow; *salix viminalis: 
Linn.: v. WILLow. 
— -works: 1. a4quarum ductus: 


add w., channels drawn from rivers, 
adde ductus aquarum, derivationes 
fluminum, Cic. Off. 2, 4,14. 2, aquae- 
ductus, ts, m. (a conduit): you have 
managed the w. nicely, de aquaeductu 
probe fecisti, Cic. Att. 13, 6, 1. 3. 
diqua (when qualified by the context, as 
is aqua Claudia in Suet. Claud. 20, where 
extensive w. are described). Phr.: to 
establish w. in a town, *aquam in urbem 
ducere, aquarum ductu per tubos et 
canales urbem instruere. 
watery: 1. aquaticus (wet, rainy) : 

w. Auster, aquaticus Auster, Ov. M. 2, 
853. 2. aquatilis (in taste): cucum- 
bers, gourds, and lettuces are w., sunt 
aquatiles cucumeres, cucurbitae, lactu- 
cae, Plin. 19, 12, 61. 8. aquosus 
(abounding in water): w. winter, aquosa 
hiems, Virg. E. 10, 66: @ w. cloud, nubes 
aquosa, Ov. M. 4, 621. 


wattle (swbs.): |. A hurdle: 
crates, is, f.: v. HURDLE. |, The w.s 
of a cock: palea: a cock with red w.s, 


gallus rubra palea, Varr. R. R. 3.9, 5- 

wattle (v.): 1, intexo, ui, xtum, 

3 (to weave): that (land) will w. a fence 
of fruitful vines round your elms, illa 
(terra) tibi laetis intexet vitibus ulmos, 
Virg. G. 2, 221. 92, contexo, ui, xtum, 
3. 8, implecto, xi, xum, 3 (to ‘plait) : 
all these mostly used in the part. pass., 
as is our w.d: Vv. WATTLED. 

wattled: 1. cratitius: w. parti- 
tions, c. parietes, Vitr. 2, 8, fin. 9. 
contextus: the remaining part of the 
boats, made of w. osier-twigs, was covered 
with hides, reliquum corpus navium vi- 
minibus contextum coriis integebatur, 
Caes. B.C. 1, 54. 8. intextus: shields 
of w. osier-twigs, scuta viminibus in- 
texta, Caes. B. G. 2, 33. Phr.: w. work, 
crates: penning in his flock with w. 
fence, claudens textis cratibus pecus, 
‘Hor. Ep. 2, 45: they weave a soft bier 
of w. work with twigs of arbutus, crates 
et molle feretrum arbuteis texunt virgis, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 64. 

wave (subs.): 1, unda (a moving 
swell, of the sea in gentle motion, or in 
storm, and of other things, and fig.) : the 
sea ts full of w.s, plenum ’st undarum 
mare, Pl. Mil. 2, 6, 33: w. follows after 
w., unda supervenit undam, Hor. Ep. 2, 
2,176: w.s of air, aeriae undae, Lucr. 
2, 151: the Campus and those ws of 
the assembled electors, Campus atque illae 
undae comitiorum, Cic. Planc. 6, 15: the 
house pours forth a vast w. of saluters 
domus vomit ingentem salutantum u., 
Virg. G. 2, 462: I plunge in the w.s of 
public life, mersor civilibus u., Hor. 
Pp: ak Ge 9. finetus, tis, (a 
billow, surge, implying more of tide or 








WAVY 





stream than unda; hence of the sea in 
storm, and fig. of violent troubles): to 
raise the w.s by wind, fluctus tollere 
vento, Virg. Aen. 1,66: when the w.s were 
calmed, sedatis fluctibus, Cic. Inv. 2, §1, 
154: to quiet the troubled w.s, motos 
componere fluctus, Virg. Aen. I, 155: 
the w.s of the sea brealc at the mountain’s 
base, mare frangit fluctus ad radices 
montis, Lucr. 6, 695: w.s break on a 
rocky shore, fluctus franguntur a saxo, 
Cic. Fam. 9, 16: we are tossed in this 
popular storm and these w.s, in hac 
tempestate populi jactamur et fluctibus, 
Cic. Plane. 4, 11: Massilia is washed by 
the w.s of barbarism, Massilia barbariae 
fluctibus alluitur, id. Flacc. 26, 63: w.s 
of anger, irarum 'f, Lucr. 3,299. Phr.; 
in w.s, undatim : Plin.: the sea full of 

w.s, aequor undosum, Virg. Aen. 4, 313: 
the sea rough with w.s, mare fluctuosum, 
PL. Rud. 4, 2, 5. 

wave (v.): |. Intrans.: to un- 

ulate : 1, undo, 1: Cytorus w.ing 
with box-trees, Cytorus buxo undans, 
Virg. G. 2, 437: w.ing flames, undantes 
flammae, Sil. 9, 446. 2, fluctuo, 1 
(to w. violently) : in fierce rage the air 
w.s, furibundus fluctuat aer, Lucr. 6, 
367: the whole field w.s with gleaming 
brass, fluctuat omnis aere renidenti tel- 
lus, Virg. G. 2, 281. 8, fluito, 1 (fo 
w. or stream as hair, flags, etc.): the 
awnings w.ing over a full theatre, pleno 
fluitantia vela theatro, Prop. 3, 18, 13. 

I]. Trans.: 1, aigito, 1: he w.s 
a lance, agitat hastam, Ov. M. 3, 667. 
2, jacto, 1: to w. the arms in regu- 
lar measure, brachia jactare in numer- 
um, Lucr. 4, 669: to w. the hands, man- 
us j., Juv. 3, 106. 3, roto, I (to w. 
round) : to shake out and w. rownd the 
hair vespeaks a madman, comas excu- 
tientem rotare fanaticum est, Quint. 11, 
3, 71: he w.s round his flashing sword, 
rotat ensem fulmineum, Virg. Aen. 9, 
441. 
genre) 1, fluctuo, 1: to w. in a 
decision, in decreto fluctuare, Cic. Acad. 
2, 9, 29. 2. fluito, 1: that I may not 
w. in suspense, ne fluitem pendulus, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 18, 110: the allegiance of Caecina 
is believed to have w.'d, creditur Caecinae 
fides fluitasse, Tac. H.2,93. 3, dibito, 
I (between two courses): that he never 
either w.d or feared, se neque unquam 
dubitasse neque timuisse, Caes. b. G. 1, 
41. 4, vacillo, 1 (to be unsteady): a 
w.ing legion, legio vacillans, Cic. Phil. 3 
12 3K 5, nuto, 1 (to incline to fall, 
to want firmness): the cavalry attacks 
the w.ing line, nutantem aciem equitatus 
incursat, Tac. H. 3, 18: Democritus 
seems to w. about the nature of the gods, 
Democritus nutare videtur in natura 
deorum, Cic. N. D. 1, 43,120. 6, labo, 
I (to totter): know that my mind, which 
seemed fixed before, ws, scito meum 
consilium labare, quod satis jam fixum 
videbatur, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 2: the allies 
begin to w., socii coeperunt L., Liv. 22, 
61, ad fin. Phr.: to begin to w., labas- 
cere, Pl.: Ter.: to cause to w., labéfacere, 
Cic.: Tac.: in swift thought he w.s now 
this way now that, animum celerem 
nune hue nunc dividit illuc, Virg. Aen. 
4, 285. 

wavering (adj.): 1, suspensus : 
the w. and fickle commons, suspensa et 
incerta plebs, Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66. 9. 
incertus: changing and w., varius incert- 
usque, Sall. J. 74. 8, diibius: the w. 
are determined, dubii confirmantur, Caes, 
184, (Ch 15, 2: 4, ambiguus: w. between 
shame and fear, ambiguus pudoris et 
metus, T'ac. A. 2, 40. 5, the parti- 
ciples of the verbs above may be used: 
Vv. TO WAVER. 

wavering (subs.): 1, fluctuatio: 
during this w. of their minds they might 
be surprised, in ea fluctuatione animor- 
um opprimi incautos posse, Liv. 9, 25. 

9, diubitatio, haesitatio, etc.: v. 
DOUBT, HESITATION. 

Wavy: 1, undatus: w. (wavily- 
marked) kinds of shells, concharum 
genera undata, Plin. 9, 33, 52. 2. 
undans: w.corn crops, *undantes segetes. 


Wax 


WE 





8. crispus (curling): w. locks, 
crispi cincinni, Pl. Truc. 2, 2, 32. 

wax (v.): |. Trans.: to cover 
with waz : 1, céro, 1: wings w’d by 
Daedalean aid, ceratae ope Daedalea 
pennae, Hor. Od. 4, 2, 2. 2. incéro, 
1: to w. the knees of the gods, genua 
incerare deorum, Juv. 10, 55. 3. 
*céra illino, circumlino. |I. In- 
trans.: to grow: opp. to to wane: 
cresco, crévi, crétum, 3: to w. and wane 
with the moon, crescere et decrescere 
cum luna, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33: v. TO 
GROW, INCREASE. Phr.; to wax great, 
* fieri magnus. 

wax (subs.): céra: we shape and 
mould the softest w. at our will, mollis- 
simam ceram ad nostrum arbitrium 
formamus et fingimus, Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 
177: bees sieilfully shape the fresh w., 
apes arte recentes excudunt ceras, Virg. 
G. 457: upon that document of evidence 
we have seen that w. was put (by way of 
seal), in illo testimonio ceram esse vidi- 
mus, Cic. Flacc. 16, 37. Phr.: images 
of w. arranged through the hall, dis- 
positae per atria cerae, Ov. F. 1, 591: 
easy as w.to turn towards vice, cereus 
in vitium flecti, Hor. A. P. 163: sealing- 
w. * cera signatoria: a w. seal, *signum 
annuli cera expressum. 

— -candle;: *candéla verea: cereus 
finalis, Val. Max.: céreus (simply): 
Cic.: Vv. WAX-LIGHT. 

— -chandler: * qui ceram venum 
dat (Kr.): * cerarius (Gloss ). 

—  -coloured: cérinus: Plin. 

— -doll: *pupiila cérea (Kr.). 

— -light: céreus: fran/cincense 
and w.s by the images, ad statuas thus 
et cerei, Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80. 

Wwaxen: 1, cereus: a w. image, 
cerea effigies, Hor. S. 1, 8, 30. 92, cé- 
ratus (coated with w.): a w. tablet, 
cerata tabula, Pl. Asin. 4, 1, 18. 

Waxy: cérosus: w. hoiey, cerosum 
mel, Plin. 

ay: 1, via (the most gen. 
Latin word; road, journey, manner ; 
corresponding widely to the English 
uses of way): J was going along the 
sacred w., ibam via sacra, Hor. Sat. 1, 
9,1: Appius made a paved w. (a raised 
Roman road), Appius viam munivit, 
Liv. 9, 29: @ dusty w., pulverulenta via, 
Cic. Att. 5, 14, «: I turned out of the 
w. to the right, ad dextram de via decli- 
navi, id. Fin. 5, 2, 5: to shew the w., 
monstrare v., Juv. 14, 103: two w.s led 
to Luceria, duae ad Luceriam ferebant 
v., Liv. 9,2: he takes his w., it v., Virg. 
Aen. 6, 122: tale your w.,carpe v., ib. 
629: to enter on a w., insistere v., Ter. 
Eun. 2, 3,2: Ihave a certarn w. (man- 
ner) and plan, habeo certam v. ac ra- 
tionem, Cic, Verr. Act. 1, 16,48: w.s not 
so much of justice as of litigation, nou 
tam justitiae quam litigandi viae, id. 
Leg. 1, 6, 18. 9. iter, itinéris, n. 
(journey, road, manner, this last use 
rare in prose): J will tell you on the 
w,, dicam in itinere, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 33: 
whither does your w. lie? quo iter est 
tibi? Hor. S. 1,9, 16: they thought they 
must hasten their w., maturandum iter 
existimabant, Caes. B. C. 1, 63: there 
were two w.s by which they could leave 
home, erant duo itinera quibus domo 
exire possent, Caes. B. G. 1, 6: we must 
open a w. by our swords, ferro 1, aperien- 
dum est, Sall. C. 58: the w. (path) of 
my duty, i. officii mei, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 1: 
fortune points out the w. of safety, for- 
tuna salutis monstrat i, Virg. Aen. 2, 
387. 8. cursus, tis (course): to 
hold on one’s w. with a most favourable 
wind, secundissimo vento cursum te- 
nere, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83- 4, modus 
(manner): they are not always treated 
in the same way, non semper tractantur 
uno modo, Cic. Or. 35: im every w., om- 
nibus modis, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 79: in this 
w.,ad hune modum, Caes. B. G. 5, 24: 
ina wonderful w., mirum in m., Caes. 
B. Goi, Ai. 5, ratio (plan, system, 
method ; the most extensive equivalent 
for the English way in significations of 


this kind): the same w. and line of de- | 


Jence, eadem ratio viaque defensionis, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 1, 4: there is no wv. of 
resisting, ratio nulla est restandi, Lucr. 
I, 111: new ws of waiving, novae bel- 
| landi rationes, Caes. B. G. 3, 5°. 

mos, moris, m. (use, wont): as is my 


w. and custom of the state, mos consue- 
tudoque civilis, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148. 
Par.: by the w.: obiter: he will read 
by the w., obiter leget, Juv. 3, 241: used 
by Pliny for incidentally, not by Cicero 
who uses quasi praeteriens (Div. in 
Caecil. 15, 50), or strictim: I began to 
reflect by the w., coepi mecum inter vias 
| cogitare, Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 1: in the w.: 
obvius: he put himself in my w., se mibi 
obvium dedit: who puts himself in my 
w., qui obviam obsistit mihi, Pl. Am. 3, 
4, 2: to be in the w. (hinder), obesse, 
| obstare, impedire, impedimento esse: 
out of thew. : dévius (off the high-road) : 
an out of the w. path, devium iter, Cic. : 
avius (lonesome, pathless), Lucr.: Liv.: 
Virg.: longinquus, remotus: v. DIS- 
TANT: out of the w. and abstruse 
| matters, reconditae abstrusaeque res, 
Cic. Brut. 11, 44: out of the common w., 
extra ordinem, Cic.: to be out of the w. 
(absent, not at hand): abesse, non 
praesto esse: longe abesse (far away) : 
| get out of the way, abi, apage, Pl.: go 
| your w., i, abi: Pl.: Ter.: come this w., 
concede huc: Pl.: Ter.: a long w. off, 
distans, longinquus. to be a long w. off, 
longe abesse, distare: he met him half- 
way, ad mnedium viae obvius fuit, Liv. 
33, 1: to make w., progredi (to pro- 
gress): proficere (to prosper): to make 
w. (yteld), cedere, decedere: to give w., 
cedere (yield); labare, nutare (fo give 
w. from weakness): to have one’s own 
w., *res pro arbitrio gerere, vincere 
|’tis hard fighting with one who will 
have his w., contendere durum est cum 
victore, Hor. S. 1, 9, 42: have it your 
own w., *esto ut lubet: vincas sino: to 
go out of one’s w. to do, sine causa 
(ultro) facere: a right of w., iter, actus, 
Cic. Caec. 26, 14: w.s and means, re- 
ditus, opes, pecuniae: v. REVENUE, 
RESOURCES: w. of a ship, impetus: one 
hand steers a ship however much w, she 
may have on, navem manus una regit 
quantovis impete euntem, Lucr. 4, 904: 
to get under w., ab ancora solvi, an- 
coram solvere, tollere (to weigh anchor). 

wayfarer: viator: the penniless w. 
will sing before the robber, cantabit 
vacuus coram latrone viator, Juv. Io, 
we a weary w., lassus viator, Mart. 2, 
, 14. 

wayfaring-tree: viburnum: (fhe 
pliant w.s, lenta viburna, Virg. E. 1, 26. 

waylay: insidior, 1: let us w. Tuscan 
boars, Tuscis insidiemur apris, Mart. 
12, 14, 10: V. WAIT, AMBUSH. 

waymark: *columna, pila itineris 
index (Kr.). 

wayside: Phr.: by the w.: ad 
viam: a nut-tree by the w., nux juncta 
viae, Ov. Nux Eleg. 1: aw.inn: (1.) 
déversorium, Cic. (2.) déverticilum : 
Ter.: Tac. 

wayward: 1. pertinax ( persistent 
in one’s own way, wilful) : Jortune way- 
ward in her tyrannous sport, fortuna 
ludum insolentem ludere pertinax, Hor. 
Od. 3, 29, 50. 9. inconstans (change- 
able): the w. winds, inconstantes venti, 
Plin. 18, 35, 80. 3, lévis, mobilis, 
miitabilis, etc.: V. CHANGEABLE. 

waywardness: _ 1. libido, inis, 7. : 
fortune glorifies and obscures actions 
rather from w. than according to truth, 
fortuna res ex libidine magis quam ex 
vero celebrat obscuratque, Sall. C. 8: 
which rests with another’s will, not to 
say w., quod positum est in alterius 
voluntate, ne dicam libidine, Cic. Fam. 
GeLOses; 9, impétus, as (wayward 
impulse in particular cases): to act from 
w. rather than from reflection, * impetu 
potius quam cogitatione agere, o 
lévitas, inconstantia, etc.: v. FICKLE- 
NESS, CAPRICE. 

Wwe: nos, nosmet (emphatic), nos- 
met ipsi (we ourselves). Like the other 








w., ut meus est mos, Hor. S. 1,9, 1: the | 





WEAK 





personal pronouns, nos need not be 
expr. before the /irst pers. plur. of 
verbs, unless for emphasis or distinc- 
tion. Thus: we all must needs go the 
same way, omnes eodem cogimur, fior-.: 
but: we (it ts we that) make you a 
goddess, Fortune, nos te facimus, For- 
tuna, deam, Juv. 
weak: 1], infirmus (opp. to fir- 
mus, validus, fortis; w. in body, mind, 
or resources ; used both of persuns and 
of things): Jam very w., sum admodum 
infirmus, Cic. Acad. 1, 4, 14: w. health, 
infirma valetudo, id. Brut. 48, 180: 4 
Feeble and w. mind, tenuis atque i. ani- 
mus, Caes. B. C. 1, 32: a w. state, L 
Civitas, Caes. B. G. 7, 17. w. securities, 
i. cautiones, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, &. 9: 
débilis, e (unready, useless, w. from 
defects): were you to give a sword toa 
helpless or w. old man, si gladium im- 
becillo seni aut debili dederis, Cic. Sest. 
10, 24: one is w. in the shoulder, one in 
the loins, one in the hip, ille humero, 
hic lumbis, bic coxa debilis, Juv. 10, 
227: who would be so w. in this part of 
his mind ? qui hac parte animi tam de- 
bilis esset? Cic. Brut. 61, 219: @ prae- 
torship disabled and w., manca et de- 
bilis praetura, id. Mil. 9, 25. 3. im- 
bécillus (inwardly and essentially w.): 
aw. man is torn to pieces by a strong 
beast, homo imbecillus a valentissima 
bestia laniatur, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3: te 
medicine is wealer than the disease, 
imbecillior est medicina quam morbus, 
Cic. Att. 10, 14, 2: a w. mind, i. animus, 
id> Div: 25 60; °125; 4, invalidus 
(having but little strength: opp. to va- 
lidus, robustus): Camillus now through 
old age w. for bodily service, Camillus 
jam ad munera corporis senecta inva- 
lidus, Liv. 6, 8: walls w. against assail- 
ants, mocnia adversus irrumpentes in- 
valida, Tac. A. 12, 16. 5, languidus 
(faint, sluggish; it describes the effect 
of weakness): w. with wine and wale- 
ful orgies, vino vigiliisque languidus, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 12, 31: @ w. stream, L 
aqua, Liv. 1, 4: @ w. and enervated 
philosopher, |. et enervatus philosophus, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 226. 6. contectus 
(made w., by weariness, etc.): wearted 
and w., fessi confectique, Liv. 1, 23, fin. 
7, fractus (broken): our age now 
is so w., jamque adeo fracta est aetas, 
Lucr. 2, 1151: what t so w., so petty? 
quid est tam fractum, tam minutum ? 
Cic. Brut. 83, 287. 8, énervatus 
(nerveless, utterly w.): w. men, homines 
enervati, Cic. Sest. 10, 24: a w. and 
womanish opinion, enervata mullebris- 
que sententia, id. Tusc. 2, 6, 15: @ soft 
and w. philosophy, mollis et e. ratio, ib. 
4,17, 38. 9, aeger, ra, rum (poetical ; 
feeble as with disease) : w. mortals, mor- 
tales aegri, Virg. Aen. 2, 268: you pro- 
long w. hopes (hopes that have no healthy 
strength and must fall), spes extenditis 
aegras, Sil. 9, 543. 10. lévis, e (w. 
where weight implies strength): you 
seek other (arguments) worthless and w., 
alia quaedam inania et levia conquiris, 
Cic. Plane. 26, 63: a thing that is w. 
and of no validity, quod leve et infir- 
mum est, id. Rose. Com. 2, 6. ll. 
ténuis, e (thin, and so fig. slender, w.): 
a w. constitution, tenuis valetudo, id. de 
Sen. 11, 35: a vain and w. hope, inanis 
et tenuis spes, id. Rosc. Com. 14, 43. 
12, exilis, e (hin): @ w. voice, ex- 
ilis vox, Quint. 11, 3, 15. 18. exiguus 
(scanty, w., where number or fulness 
makes strength): w. forces, exiguae 
copiae, Caes. B. C. 2, 39: @ strong or w. 
voice, Vox grandis aut exigua, Quint. 11, 
ot 14, hébes, étis (w. where 
keenness is strength): both eyes being 
naturally w., utroque oculo natura he- 
bete, Plin. 9, 15, 20: the senses they 
thought w. and slow, sensus hebetes et 
tardos arbitrabantur, Cic. Acad. 1. 8, 
31. Phr.: weaker in ships, inferior 
navibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 57: the weaker 
in the long contest, minor in certamine 
longo, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 35: to be w.: 
languere, parum valere: (0 grow w., 
deficere ‘to fail): to attack any one's 
939 


WEAKEN 





w. side, * nudum latus invadere: in his 
letters he attucks his sister and his 
mother on their w. side, epistolis et 
sororis et matris imbecillitatem aucu- 
patur, Cic. Flacc. 37, 92. 
weaken: ], infirmo, 1: he had 
w.'d the other legions by indiscriminate 
granting of leave, reliquas legiones pro- 
miscuis commeatibus infirmaverat, Tac. 
A. 15, 10: to w. the credit of a witness, 
testis fidem infirmare, Cic. Rosc. Com. 
15, 45. 9. debilito, 1: the tongue 
w.’d by suffering, lingua debilitata ma- 
lis, Lucr. 6, 1149: old age w.s the 
strength of the mind, senectus debilitat 
vires animi, Virg. Aen. 9, 611. 3. 
énervo, 1 (a strong word): sleep, ban- 
quets, and ease have w.’d body and 
spirit, somnus et vinum et epulae ener- 
vaverunt corpora animosque, Liv. 23, 
18, ad jin. 4, frango, frégi, fractum, 
3 (because coherence of parts consti- 
tutes strength): to w. and subdue tribes, 
nationes frangere domareque, Cic. Prov. 
Cons. 13, 33: to be w.’d by pain, dolore 
frangi, id. Fin. 2, 29, 95. 5, com- 
minuo, ui, itum, 3: Laelius broke and 
w.’d Viriathus, Laelius fregit et com- 
minuit Viriathum, Cic. Off. 2, 11,40 to 
w. and impair a sense of duty, com- 
minuere et violare officium, id. Quint. 6, 
26. G6. imminuo: they w.d their 
bodies by ease, their minds by passion, 
corpus otio, animum libidinibus immi- 
nuebant, Tac. H. 2,93. 7, elévo, 1 (to 
lessen, disparage): to w. suspicions, 
elevare suspiciones, Cic. Am. 24, 88: 
that which w.s an adversary (his argu- 
ments), quod elevat adversarium, id. de 
Or. 2, 58, 236. 8, atténuo, 1: a 
legion w.’d (thinned) by battles, iegio 
proeliis atrenuata, Caes. B. C. 3, 89. 
9, exténuo, 1: IT saw my hope w.d 
and vanishing, vidi spem nostram ex- 
tenuari et evanescere, Cic. Att. 3, 13, I. 
10. laibéfacto, 1 (60 make to totter) : 
the year before had w.’d the farmers, 
superior annus labefacturat aratores, 
Cic. Verr. 3, 18, 47: with hope of w.ing 
(shaking) their allegiance, spe labefac- 
tandae fidei, Liv. 24, 20, fim. 11, hé- 
béto, 1 (to blunt, dull): with mind and 
body w.’d, animo et corpore hebetato, 
Suet. Claud. 2. 12. obtundo, tidi, 
tusum, 3 (to blunt by blows): I would 
not have the abilities of young men w.'d, 
their shamelessness strengthened, ado- 
lescentium ingenia obtundi nolui, cor- 
roborari impudentiam, Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 
93. [N.B—The English to weaken is 
a general and extensive word: the 
Latins use speeial verbs, which nega- 
tive particular elements of strength, or 
express elements of weakness. The 
proper verb must be selected with due 
regard to the context: probably some 
few might be added to the above, as 
possible to use in composition, though 
not of themselves equivalents of to 
weaken. | 
weakening: 1, debilitatio: a 
w. of your spirit, d. animi tui, Cic. Pis. 
36. 9. infractio: a certuin w. and 
dejection of the mind, infractio quae- 
dam animi et dejectio, Cic. Tusc. 3, 
herd. 3, deéminitio: interpreting 
the exaltation of the woman as @ w. 
(lowering) of himsel/, muliebre fastigium 
in deminutionem sui accipiens, Tac. A. 
1, 14. Weakening is more often expr. 
by the verbs: e. g.: luxury cannot 
be indulged without aw. of the consti- 
tution, *luxuriae non indulgetur nisi ut 
enervetur (debilitetur, frangatur) cor- 
voris valetudo. 
weakly (adv.): 1. infirme: Cic. 
9. imbécille (only imbecillius 
found in Cic.). 3, parum valide (in- 
valide only in Arnob.). More com- 
monly expressed by circumlocution with 
adj 


Lj. 

weakly (adj.): invalidus, aeger: v. 
WEAK. 

weakness: 1, infirmitas: w. of 
hody, i. corporis, Cic. Brut. 91, 313: w. 
of mental power, i. animi, id. Rosc. Am. 
4, Io. 9. débilitas: w. of limbs, 
membrorum d., Liv. 33, 2: w. of mind, 

940 





WEALTHY 


animi d., Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 49. 3. im- 
bécillitas: disease and w. of body, mor- 
bus et i. corporis, id. Att. 11, 6, 4: on 
account of w. and helplessness we require 
Sriendship, propter imbecillitatem atque 
inopiam desiderata est amicitia, id. Am. 
8, 26: w. of judgment, i. consilii, id. 
Fin. 1, 32, 117. 4, languor (w. visibly 
evidenced by languor): the mind owvng 
to the body’s w. cannot use limbs or 
senses, animus languore corporis nec 
membris uti nec sensibus potest, id. 
Div. 2, 62, 128. 5, lévitas (of argu- 
ments, etc.): the w. of which opinion 
wants no words (to refute it) from me, 
cujus opinionis levitas non desiderat 
orationem meam, id. N. D. 2, 17, 45. 
G, ténuitas: the w. of the treasury, 
t.aerarii, id. Off. 2,21, 74. 7, exilitas: 
the w. of a woman’s voice, t. femineae 
vocis, Quint. 1, 11, I. 8, mollities, 
ei; or, -ia, ae, f. (softness, irresolution) : 
you know our Nicias’ feebleness and 
w., nosti Niciae nostri imbecillitatem, 
mollitiam, Cic. Att. 12, 26, 2: itis w.of 
mind not to be able to endure want for 
a time, animi est mollitia inopiam 
paulisper ferre non posse, Caes. B. G. 
1,77: Of such w. (tenderness) and 
gentleness am J, qua mollitia sum ac 
lenitate, Cic. Sull. 6, 18. 9. vitium, 
culpa, error: Vv. FAULT, FAILING, Pir. : 
w. of a kingdom, state: *regni, reipub- 
licae opes attritae, fractae, senescentes : 
w. of the eyes, *oculi hebetiores: and 
often w. of a thing, would be expr. in 
Latin by the ad. 
weal: |. Welfare: prospéritas, 
iitilitas, etc.: v. WELFARE. Phr.: the 
common w., public w., res publica, bonum 
publicum, publica (communis omnium) 
utilitas; the w. or woe of the Roman 
people, populi Romani prospera_ vel 
adversa, Tac. A. 1, 1: faithful in w. 
and woe, *per prosperas idem advers- 
asque res fidus. I]. 4 mark of a 
blow: vibex, icis, f.: the marks and w.s 
of stripes, verberum vulnera atque 
vibices, Plin. 30, 13, 39. 
wealth: |. Riches, plenty: 1, 
divitiae, arum (gen. term, applied to w. 
of many kinds): some set before them 
w., others power, divitias alii praepo- 
nunt, alii potentiam, Cic. Am. 6, 20: 
your heir will possess your piled up 
heaps of w., exstructis in altum divitiis 
potietur heres, Hor, Od. 2, 3, 20: in 
the language of Crassus I saw the w. 
and the beauties of his mind, in oratione 
Crassi divitias atque ornamenta ejus 
ingenii perspexi, Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161. 
2. dpes, Spum (resources): affluent 
in w. and plenty, opibus et copiis 
affluentes, id. Agr. 2, 30, 82: another 
hoards up his w., condit opes alius, Virg. 
G. 2, 507. 3. Opiilentia (great w.): 
as a state we are in poverty, as indi- 
viduals in w., publice egestatem, pri- 
vatim opulentiam habemus, Sall. C. 52, 
med.: the w. of the Lydians, Lydorum 
opulentia, Tac. A. 4, 55. 4, copia 
(plenty, store; usually qualified by a 
genitive): the tax-farmers brought 
their w. into that province, publicani 
suas copias in illam provinciam contu- 
lerunt, Cic. Manil. 7, 17: w. of matter 
begets w. of words, rerum copia ver- 
borum copiam gignit, id. de Or. 3, 31, 
125. 5, abundantia (overflowing w.) : 
w. and plenty of everything, omnium 
rerum abundantia et copia, Oic. Am. 23, 
87. |]. Prosperity: Vv. PROSPERITY. 
Phr.: may you live in health and w., 
*valens beatusque (et felix) vitam agas. 
wealthy : 1, dives, itis (rich; 
used abs., or with qualification): the w. 
man courts me though poor, pauperem 
dives me petit, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 10: w. in 
lands, dives agris, Hor. S. 1, 2, 13: w. in 
cattle, d. pecoris, Virg. E. 2, 20, 2A. 
ldcuples, étis (stronger than dives): 
moneyed and w. men, pecuniosi et locu- 
pletes, Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16: a w. and well- 
filled house, |. et referta domus, id. de Or. 
I, 35, 161: w. in words, rather meagre 
in matter, oratione 1., rebus ipsis jejunior, 
id. Fin. 5, 5, 13. 8. Spiilens, 6pi- 
lentus (rich in means amd resources ; 











WEAR 





opp. to inops): w. and prosperous, 
opulentus fortunatusque, id. Off. 2, 20, 
no: a part of Numidia more w. in men, 
pars Numidiae viris opulentior, Sall. J. 
16: provinces w. in money, provinciae 
pecuniae opulentae, Tac. H. 2, 6 t 
abundans (overflowing): a man not in- 
deed of extravagant splendour, but yet 
wealthy, non luxuriosus quidem homo. 
sed abundans, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66: his 
language was not w. (luxuriant), yet not 
poor, non erat ab., non inops tamen oratio, 
id. Brut. 67, 238. 5, copidsus: fur- 
nished and w. in everything, rebus 
omnibus ornatus et copiosus, id. Cat. 2, 
8,18: a full, varied, and w. style, multa 
et varia, et c. oratio, id. de Or. 2, 53, 214. 
6. beatus (prospered with good 
things): a most rich and w. state, opu- 
lentissima et beatissima civitas, id. N. D. 
3, 33, 81: w. enough with my one Sabine 
farm, satis beatus unicis Sabinis, Hor. 
Od 72 ke nE4. 7, fortinatus (well 
off): a w. and powerful man, f. et 
potens, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69. 8, pect- 
niosus (w. im money) homo pecuniosis- 
simus, @ most w. mam, Cic. Verr. 5,9, 
24. Phr.: to be w. in anything, aliqua 
re florere, abundare, affluere, circum- 
fluere: Cic.: to become w., locupletari : 
Cic. : to make w., divitiis, fortunis, ete. 
augere, amplificare: Cic.: very w., per- 
dives: Cic.: praedives: Liv.: Tac. 
wean: |, Lit.: Phr.: to w.an 
infant: infantem lacte depellere, ab 
ubere depellere: a lion just w.’d from 
the teat of his tawny mother, fulvae ma- 
tris ab ubere jam lacte depulsus leo, Hor. 
Od. 4, 4,14: probibere a matre (cf. Virg. 
G. 3, 398): *auferre uberibus, a mamma 
disjungere (Georg.): the young gradudtly 
become w.’d from the mother, catuli (a 
matre) minutatim desuefiunt, Varr.i | K. 
2,9,12. |. Fig.: tow.anyone fre a 
habit : desuefacere (only found in pess. 
voice): dedocere (fo unteach): vif se 
w.s the people from the use of false 
terms, virtus populum falsis dedocet uti 
vocibus, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 20: to be wed 
from: desuefieri: the multitude now 
w.d from (their love of) harangues, 
multitudo jam desuefacta a contionibus, 
Cic. Clu. 40, 110: a beast w.’d from its 
fury, fera rabiem desueta, Stat. Theb. 5, 
231: you must w. yourself from your 
Sruit-baskels, dediscendae tibi sunt spor- 
tellae, Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2. 
weapon: 1, télum (esp. of missile 
w.s; but also used of any offensive 
weapon): they were hurling w.s, tela 
conjiciebant, Caes. B.G. 1, 26: Ajax fell 
om his sword, Ulysses drew the w. out of 
his body, Ajax ferro incnbuit, Ulixes e 
corpore telum educit, Auct. Her. 1, 11, 
18. Fig.: the goodwill of the citizens 
is no unimportant w. for achieving suc- 
cess, non mediocre telum ad res gerendas 
benevolentia civium, Cic. Am. 17, 81. 
2, arma, orum (implements of war) : 
v. arms. Phr.: furnished with ws 
against wrongs, armatus contra injurias, 
Sall. J. 31. 
wear (subs.): tritus, us (rubbing): 


Cic. Phr.: w. and tear, detrimen- 
tum: intertrimentum: Scaevola Dig. : 
Vv. WASTE. 

wear (v.): A. Tranisaeaiaee 


impair by rubbing: 1. téro, trivi, 
tritum, 3: time w.s hard flint, tempus 
terit rigidas silices, Ov. Tr. 4,6, 14: @ 
worn (threadbare) garment, trita vestis, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 38. 9, attéro: Hanni- 
bal had greatly worn down the strength 
of Italy, Hannibal Italiae opes maxime 
attriverat, Sall. J. 5. 93, detéro: stone 
pavements worn by the feet of multitudes, 
strata volgi pedibus detrita Viarum saxea, 
Lucr. 1,316. 4, contéro (the strongest 
compound of tero): we w. out our oxen, 
conterimus boves, Lucr. 2, 1160: to w. 
out a book by constant veading, conterere 
librum legendo, Cic. Fam. 9, 25, ¥. 
ténuo, 1 (to make thin): a worn body, 
tenuatum corpus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 84. 6. 
exédo, édi, ésum, 3 (to eat away): sor- 
vow w.s the mind, aegritudo exest ani- 
mum, Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 27: v. TO CON- 
SUME, TO WASTE. ||. To wear, carry 


ery 7 


WEARIED 








om the body, as clothes: 1, géro, 
gessi, gestum, 3: to w. a garment, 
vestem gerere, Lucr. 5, 1419: to w. 
ornaments, ornamenta g., Suet. Caes. 
84. 2, gesto, 1: he wore a laurel 
, coronam auream gestavit, Suet. 
Tib. 69: to w. a ring on the finger, &. 
gemmam digito, Plin. 2,63,63. The part. 
wearing may be expressed by: (1.) in- 
ditus (of any garment): wearing any- 
thing you like, quidlibet indutus, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 17, 28: w.ing slippers, indutus 
soccis, Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 127. (2.) amic- 
tas (of upper garments): w.ing @ toga, 
amictus toga, Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 85. Or 
single Latin words may be used, acc. to 
the special article: w.ing shoes, cal- 
ceatus: w.ing a toga, togatus: w.ing a 
cloak, palliatus (palliolatim amictus, 
PL): w.ing the praetexta, praetextatus. 
. Intrans.: Yo stand wear: 
Phr.: to w. (last) through all time, om- 
nem durare per aevom, Lucr. 3, 604: 
they will w. well and improve by age, 
annos ferent et vetustate proficient, 
Quint. 2, 4, ad init. 
ied 1, fatigatus: w. with 
labour and battle, labore proeliisque 
fatigati, Sall. J. 76. 9. défatigaitus 
(utterly w.): that the fresh and new 
troops might relieve the w., ut integri et 
recentes defatigatis succederent, Caes. 
B. G. 5, 17- 3, fessus: w. with war, 
militia fessus, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 38. 4. 
défessus: w. with the business of the 
forum, forensibus negotiis defessus, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 6, 23. Phr.: thoroughly w., 
lassitudine confectus, oppressus: Caes. : 
w. and breathless with running, cursu 
ac lassitudine exanimatus, Caes. B. G. 
2, 23: V. TIRED. 
weariness: 1. lassitiido, inis, f.: 
to sleep more soundly from w., arctius 
ex lassitudine dormire, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14. 
Q2. fatigatio (a being tired out; 
implying great previous exertion; and 
stronger than lassitudo): w. of horses 
and men, f. equorum atque hominum, 
Liv. 22, 15. 3, défatigatio: w. and 
satiety, d. et satietas, Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 20. 
4, languor (faintness, languor): 
this walking has brought on me a w., 
haec deambulatio me ad languorem 
dedit, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3. 5, taedium | 
(a feeling of disgust at what has lasted 
*oo long) : aw. at the war, taedium belli, 
Liv. 8, 2, init. 
wearisome: 1. dpérdsus (costing 
trouble): a w. and troublesome task, 
labor operosus et molestus, Cic. N. D. 2, 
23, 59. Q, laboridsus: nothing will 
be more w. and troublesome than.a pro- 
vince, nihil erit laboriosius molestiusque 
provincia, Cic. Leg. 3,8,19. 3, mdlestus 
(annoying, entailing trouble which is 
grudged all the while): a troublesome 
and w. province, provincia negotiosa et 
molesta, Cic. Mur. 8, 18. 4, longus 
(tedious, lony): not to make aw. tale, ne 
longum faciam, Hor.S. 1, 3,137. Phr.: 
I find this w., taedet me (taedium me 
capit) bujus rei: Pl.: Ter.: Cic. 








wearisomely: 1. opérdse: Cic. 
boridse: Pl.: Cic. 
weary (adj.): 1, lassus: J have 


come w. from @ journey, lassus veni de 
via, Pl. Ps. 2, 2, 66: poppies with w. 
(drooping) neck, lasso papavera collo, 
Virg. Aen. 9, 436. 9. languidus 
(faint from weariness): the oxen draw- 
ing the plough with w. neck, voraerem 
boves collo trahentes languido, Hor. 
Epod. 2,64.  §, fessus, fatigatus, etc. 
(these words expressing fatigue from 
actual exertion, which weary in English 
does not always imply): v. WEARIED. 
Phr.: to grow weary (tired): fatigari, 
lassari: J am w. of this: taedet me 
hujus rei, satietas me tenet (where dis- 
like is more predominant than fatigue) : 


Vv. WEARISOME, 
A. Trans.: 1, fa- 


weary (v. 
tigo, 1: yo they had w.’d themselves 
with fighting, quum pugna semet ipsi 
fatigassent, Liv. 8, 10, init. 9. défit- 
igo, 1 (to w. out): when they w.’d out our 
men with constant labours, quum nos- | 
tros assiduo labore defatigarent, Caes. 


WEAVE 





B. G. 9, 41. 3, lasso, 1 (poet.): that 
a longer letter w. not your weale body, 
longior infirmum ne lasset epistola 
corpus, Ov. Her. 20, 241. 4, obtundo, 
tiidi, tisum, 3 (to w. by importunity): 
do not w. me over and over again on 
this matter, ne me obtundas de hac re 
saepius, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 33: that lengthi- 
ness may not be thought to have w.’d 
your hearers, ne longitudo obtudisse 
aures videatur, Cic. Or. 66, 221. B. 
Intrans.: to weary of a thing: if 
défatigor, 1 dep.; I will never rest nor 
w., nunquam conquiescam neque defati- 
gabor, Cic. de Or. 3, 36, 145. Q. dé- 
fétiscor, fessus, 3: I will not w. of 
trying, non defetiscar experirier, Ter. 
Ph. 4, I, 23: V. To TIRE. 

weasand: V. WINDPIPE, THROAT. 

weasel: mustéla: Plin.: Fig.: J 
am resolved never to trust a w. again, 
certum ’st mustelae posthac nunquam 
credere, Pl, Stich. 3, 2, 43. 

weather (svbs.): 1, caelum (the 
state of the atmosphere): the varying 
character of the w., varius caeli mos, 
Virg. G. 1, 51: fine w., c. serenum, Virg. 
G. 1, 260: stormy w. with much rain 
and clouds, c. crebris imbribus ac nebu- 
lis foedum, Tac. Agr. 12: inclemency of 
w., caeli intemperies, Liv. 8, 18. a 
tempestas (the w. of a particular time, 
good or bad): having got w. favourable 
Jor the voyage, nactus idoneam ad navi- 
gandum tempestatem, Caes. B. G. 4, 
23: clear w., clara t., Virg. Aen. 9, 20: 
beautiful w., egregia t., Cic. Att. 9, 13,2: 
rough w., turbida t., Pl. Rud. 4, 3, 3: 
foeda t., Liv. 2,62: very cold w., t. per- 
frigida, Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86. Phr.: 
clear cloudless w., liquidissima caeli 
tempestas, Lucr. 4, 170: dry w., siccitas, 
Liv. 40, 29, init. : fine w., serenitas, Cic. 
Div. 2, 45, 94: tranquilla serenitas, Liv. 
2, 62: rainy w., imbres, Col.: stormy 
w., tempestas, Virg.: Luecr., etc. (and all 
varieties of weather may be expressed 
by the special words for winds, thunder, 
etc.): the w. side, * pars epposita vento. 

weather (v.): |. A nautical 
phrase: to w. a cape (to get round it in 
spite of adverse winds): * per adversos 
(obliquos) ventos promontorium circum- 
vehi: (circumvehi, used in Liv. 8, 2, is not 
enough by itself, as it does not imply the 
difficulty). ||, tow. (or w. out) a storm: 
* procellam durare: cf. Hor. Od. 1,14, 7, 
vix durare carinae possint imperiosius 
aequor. Or use perferre, superare, vin- 
cere (to endure, overcome). Fig. (from 
either sense of weather): fo worl: your 
way round and out of a difficulty, or to 
last out, endure to the end and overcome : 
* difficultates, res adversas, etc., eluc- 
tari, superare, vincere ; durare, perferre : 
to w. any trouble, quemvis durare labo- 
rem, Virg. Aen. 8, 577: he w.d many 
storms, never to be sunk in the adverse 
waves of trouble, aspera multa pertulit, 
adversis rerum immersabilis undis, Hor. 
Ep. I, 2, 22. 

weather-beaten: *imbribus, tem- 
pestate, etc. afflictus, jactatus (of the 
actual hardships) (Kr.); duratus, asper 
(of the personal appearance that re- 
sults). 

weather-cock: *vexillum vento- 
rum index (Kr.): a brazen w. upon a 
tower, * aeneus in turri venti variabilis 
index. Fig.: of a shifty, fickle person : 
* ventis mobilior, levior. 

weather-glass: * barometrum, fis- 
tula Torricelliana: (of no Latin autho- 
rity, as the thing did not exist). 


weatherwise: *mutationum caeli |, nw 
pat \sterilem vanescit in herbam, Ov. Am, 


ritus (Georg.): caeli  interpres. 

hr.: see that you be w., caeli varium 
praediscere morem cura sit, Virg. G. 1, 

I. 
2 weave: 1, texo, xui, xtum, 3: we 
find her w.ing at the loom, texentem 
telam offendimus, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 44: 
coverings for the body either woven or 
sewn, tegumenta corporum vel texta vel 
suta, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150: let a basket 
be woven of twigs, texatur fiscina virga, 
Virg. G. 1, 266. Fig.: love wnweaves 
the work which your writings have 


WEED 


woven, amor quod tua texuerunt scripta 
retexit opus, Ov. Pont. 1, 3, 30. 3. 
intexo (to w. in, among): to w. purple 
marks among white threads, purpureas 
notas intexere albis filis, Ov. M. 6, 577. 
8. contexo (to w. together): the 
woven wool of sheep, villae ovium con- 
textae, Cic. N. D. 2,63, 158. 4, neeto, 
xui and xi, xum, 3 (of any fastening): 
parsley for w.ing chaplets, nectendis 
apium coronis, Hor. Od. 4, 11, 3. 5. 
plecto, xui and xi, xum (to plait, mostly 
used in pass. part., and by poets): woven 
chaplets, plexae coronae, Lucr. 5, 1398. 

Weaver: textor: mantles struck by 
the reed of the w., lacernae percussae 
textoris pectine, Juv. 9, 30: a woman 
w., textrix, Mart. 4, 19,1. Phr.: ws 
red or sley, pecten: w.s yarn-beam, 
scapus: v. Smith’s Ant. p. 940. 

web: 1, téla (the w. while yet on 
the loom): Penelope unwearing her w., 
Penelope telam retexens, Cic. Acad. 2, 
29, 95: spiders’ w.s, arancorum telae, 
PL. Stich. 2, 2, 25. Q, textiira (the 
woven thing when complete, with refer- 
ence to the texture): the w. of Coan 
Minerva, Coae textura Minervae, Prop. 
OTP e 8, textum (a woven piece) : 
costly w.s, pretiosa texta, Ov. H. 19, 223. 
Phr.: the w.s (of the feet of swimming 
birds), *membranae, membranulae: the 
spider’s w. that hangs from the roof, 
summo quae pendet aranea tigno, Ov. 
M. 4, 179. 

— -footed: Pbr.: w. birds, *na- 
tatores (swimmers): water-birds have 
webbed feet, *avium natantium digiti 
membranulis inter se continuantur. 

wed: Vv. TO MARRY. 

wedded: |. Lit.: v.70 warRy,. 

I. Fig.: devoted, attached to: déditus, 
addictus, dévdtus (all constr, with dat.) : 
amans, amantissimus (with gen.): to be 
w. toa thing, multus esse in re, totus esse 
in re; servire, adhaerescere alicui rei; 
amplecti aliquid: he ts w. to his opinion, 
*in sententia obstinatus est (he is firmly 
fixed) : V. DEVOTED, ATTACHED. 

wedding-day: dies nuptiarum: to 
Siz the w., *diem nuptiis dicere, eligere; 
nuptias in diem constituere: to be at a 
wedding feast, in nuptiis cenare, Cic, 
5E Ts 25135.) 

wedge (subs.): ciineus: they used to 
split the cleavable wood with w.s, cuneis 
scindebant fissile lignum, Virg. G. 1, 144: 
their lines are arranged in w.s, acies per 
cuneos componitur, Tac. Germ. 6. Phr.: 
the land narrows as it were to a w., terra 
velut in cunenm tenuatur, Tac. Agr. ro. 

wedge (v.): ciineo, 1: t7 anything 
needs w.ing in wood, si quid cuneandum 
sit in ligno, Plin. 16, 40, 76: the moun- 
tain pass w.d in so as to leave but a 
narrow ridge, juagum montis in angust- 
um dorsum cuneatum, Liv. 44, 4 

wedlock; matrimoénium: v. MAR- 
RIaGE. Phr.: born in lawful w., *ex 
justo matrimonio susceptus ; justa uxore 
natus; matre familias ortus; legitimus 
(legitimate, opp. to pellice ortus, noth- 
us): born out of w., nullo (incerto) patre 
natus, spurius (Gaius defines “ spurii 
filii” as “sine patre filii,” offspring, 
that is, of an unknown father and a 
prostitute): pellice ortus, nothus (of a 
known father and a concubine): adul- 
terino sanguine ortus (born to one man 
from another's wife): Plin. 

Wednesday: * dies Mercurii. 

weed (subs.): |, A noxious or use- 
less plant: herba iniitilis, infélix, stér- 
ilis: by incantation corn is marred and 
fades to a barren w., carmine laesa Ceres 


3,7, 31: the w. darnel, infelix lolium, 
Virg. G. 1, 154. Phr.: a serpent fed 
on poisonous w.s, coluber mala gramina 
pastus, Virg. Aen. 2,471. [|]. Widow's 
w.s, ie. mourning dress: * vests lugu- 
bres vidnarum. 

weed (v-.): 1. runco, 1: tow. out 
thorns, r. spinas, Cat.: to w. crops, Tr. 
segetes, Varr. 9, érunco, 1: Col: 
or expr. by *steriles berbas evellere, 
effodere, sarrire (to hoe). Phr.: he 
w.s @ garden, * hortum steriles herbas 

QsI 


WEEDER 





eligens purgat, Curt. 4, 1, 21: let us try 
whether I more vigorously w. my mind, 
or you my field of brambles, certemus 
spinas animone ego fortius an tu evellas 
agro, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 4. 

weeder: 1, runcator: Col. 2h. 
sarritor (hoer): Varr.: Col. 

week: 1, hebdodmas, adis, f. (Cic. 
uses it of the critical seventh day in 
diseases, Fam. 16, 9; Gellius speaks of 
the “hebdomades lunae,” the moon’s 
quarters: the Romans did not reckon 
time by weeks). 9. septimana : Cod. 
Theod. Or expr. by septem dies, sep- 
tem dierum spatium. Phr.: w. days 
and holidays, dies profesti fastique (cf. 
Liv. 34, 3): on w. days and holidays 
(common and sacred days), profestis 
lucibus et sacris, Hor. Od. 4, 15, 25: cf. 
sacri et negotiosi dies, Tac A. 14, 41: 
w. day dress, *vestis quotidiana (Kr. ). 

weekly ; *hebddmiadalis: Sid. Phr.: 
w. wages, wages paid w., *merces sep- 
timo quoque die (per singulas hebdoma- 
das) soluta. 

Ween: V. TO THINK. 

weep: 1, licrimo, 1 (¢o shed tears, 
as the consequence of emotion, whether 
it be joy or sorrow): I was distressed at 
your w.ing, te lacrimasse moleste fere- 
bam, Cic. Att. 15, 27, 2: I w. Jor joy, 
lacrimo gaudio, Ter. Ad. 3, 3,55: with 
w.ing eyes, oculis lacrimantibus, Cic. 
Sest. 69,144: is the girl w.ing for that ? 
num id lacrimat virgo? Ter. Kun. 5, 1, 13 
(this use is rare). | 2, lacrimor, 1, dep. 
(distinguished by Georg. as meaning, to 
be maved to tears; the distinction in 
sense seems doubtful): was there any 
ove who did not w.? ecquis erat quin 
lacrimaretur? Cic. Verr. 5, 46, 121. 


3, fleo, Evi, étum, 2 (to shed tears | 


with sobs, to w. from grief): he forbad 
me to w., ille me flere prohibebat, Cic. 


Rep. 6, 14: you would have forced the | 


stones to w. and lament, lapides flere et 
lamentari coegisses, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 
245: a mother w.s for her only son, flet 
unicum mater, Cat. 39, 5: to w. for the 
death of a son, filii necem tf, Tac. A. 6, 
10. 4, ploro, 1 (to w. and wail 
aloud): I am weary with w.ing, plor- 
ando fessus sum, Cic. Att. 15, 9, I: to 
w. over a crime, plorare commissum, 
Hor. Od. 3, 27, 38. 5, lamentor, 1 
(of continued bitter w.ing): to w. sor- 
rowfully, flebiliter lamentari, Cic. ‘Tusc. 
2, 21, 49: I saw her w.ing jor her 
mother’s death, vidi eam matrem |. mor- 
tuam, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 46. 6. ejulo 
(to weep or wail as at a funeral): 
Hercules himself he had seen w.ing 
in the greatness of his sufferings, Her- 
culem ipsum viderat magnitudine do- 
lorum ejulantem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 7, 19. 
7, deéfleo, évi, tum, 2 (to w. over) : 
we wept over impending misfortunes, 
impendentes casus deflevimus, Cic. Brut. 
96, 329. 8, déploro, 1 (strengthened 
from ploro) : w.ing with mournful voice, 
lamentabili voce deplorans, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
13,2: Q, illacrimo and -or, I (to w. 
at or over): to w. over the death of 
Socrates, illacrimari morti Socratis, Cic. 
N. D. 3, 33, 82. Pbhr.: to weep one’s 
eyes out, lacrimis confici: to w. copious- 
ty, lacrimarum vim profundere, Cic.: 
w.no more, desine flere: to make any 
one w., lacrimas alicui movere, elicere, 
Cic.: Pl.: the man for joy w.s like a 
child, homini cadunt lacrimae, quasi 
puero, gaudio, Ter. Ad. 4, I, 20. 
weeper: |, plorator: Mart. Or 
expr. by the verb, qui lacrimat. ll. 4 
badge of mourning: * luctus insigne ; 
armilla lugubris, etc. (the crape-band 
tied on the arm at a funeral) (Kr.). 
weeping: 1, flétus, as: w. and 
groaning, fletus gemitusque, Cic. Rosc. 
Am. 9, 24: lamentation and w., lamen- 
tatio fletusque, id. Tuse. 1, 13, 30. A, 
ploratus, ts: the whole place resounds 
wiih the w.s of women, omnia mulierum 
ploratibus sonant, Liv. 29, 17, ad fin. 
3. lamenta, orum: the grief and 
w. of friends, dolor et lamenta amicor- 
um, Cic. de Sen. 20, 73. 4. lamenta- 
tio: sorrow. tears, w., aegritudo, lacrimae, 
942 





WEIGHT 





lamentatio, Pl. Merc. 5, 2, 29. 5. 

lacrimae, arum (tears): nor can I speak 

for w., neque prae lacrimis loqni pos- 

sum, Cic. Mil. 38, 105. 

LieePine-birch : *betula pendula : 
inn. 


—-willow: *salix Babylonica : 

inn. 

weevil: curciilio, onis, m.: Plin.: 
*curculio granarius: Linn.: the w. de- 
stroys the heap of corn, populat farris 
acervum curculio, Virg. G. 1, 185. 


weigh: |. Yo ascertain weight ; 
of the person: 1. pendo, pépendi, 
pensum, 3: she w.s and balances the 


herbs, pensas examinat herbas, Ov. M. 
14, 270: do you w. this matter by its 
real, not its nominal weight, vos eam 
rem suo non nominis pondere penditote, 
Cic. Verr. 4. I, 1. 2. expendo, di, 
nsum, 3: w. Hannibal, how many 
pounds will you find ? expende Hanni- 
balem, quot libras invenies? Juv. Io, 
147: @ hundred pounds of gold was 
w.'d out, expensum est auri pondo cen- 
tum, Cic. Flace. 28, 68: Jam not wont 
to count so much as to w. arguments, 
argumenta non tam numerare soleo 
quam expendere, id. de Or. 2, 76, 309. 
8. perpendo (to w. thoroughly): 
most diligently w.ing the importance of 
different duties, diligentissime perpen- 
dens momenta officiorum, id. Mur. 2, 3. 
4. penso, 1: to w. gold, aurum 
pensare, Liv. 38, 24: a resolution long 
w.’d, diu pensata sententia, Sil, 7, 223. 
5. pensito, 1 (freg. of penso): to 
w. in equal balance, pensitare aequa 
lance, Plin. 7, 7, 5: to w. a matter, p. 
rem, Liv. 4, 41. 6. pondéro, 1: he 
w.s his fists, pugnos ponderat, Pl. Am. 
I, 1,156: we must w. the motives from 
which each man has acted, quo quisque 
animo fecerit ponderandum est, Cic. Off. 
1,15,49. 7. examino, t (to discriminate 
nicely by the balance): pieces of iron 
w.’d carefully to a certain weight, taleae 
ferreae ad certum pondus examinatae, 
Caes. B.G. 5,12: tow. all things by their 
verbal, not their real value, omnia ver- 
borum momentis non rerum ponderibus 
examinare, Cic. Rep. 3, 8, 12. 8, trii- 
tinor, t: they w. (balance) words, truti- 
nantur verba, Pers. 3, 82. For other fig. 
uses of weigh Vv. TO PONDER, TO CONSIDER, 
Il. Zo w., w. down ; of the thing: 
1, pendo (strictly of weight of metal, 
of money, etc.) : let not a talent w. less 
than eighty pound by Roman weights, 
talentum ne minus pondo octoginta 
Romanis ponderibus pendat, Liv. 38, 38. 
9. gravo, 1 (to load, w. down): to 
w. down with burdens, gravare sarcinis, 
Tac. A. I, 20: evils w. the heavier the 
more they are known, mala magis hoc 
quo sunt cognitiora gravant, Ov. Tr. 4, 
6, 28. 8, dégravo, 1: let the vine w. 
down the elm, vitis degravet ulmum, 
Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 35: though skilful swim- 
mers, fatigue and wounds w. them down, 
peritos nandi lassitudo et vulnera de- 
gravant, Liv. 4, 33, ad jin. 4, prémo, 
pressi, pressum, 3: Greece w.’d down by 
spoils, Graecia exuviis pressa, Prop. 4, 
I, 114. 5, déprimo, pressi, pressum, 
3: the force of the wind w.s down the 
cloud, vis venti nubem deprimit, Lucr. 
6, 432. 6, opprimo: w.’d down by the 
heavy burden of their arms, gravi onere 
armorum oppressi, Caes. B. G. 4, 24: Vv. 
TO PRESS, TO OPPRESS. 
weigher : 1, pondérator (lit.): 
Cod. Theod.  Q, pensitator (fig.) : Gell. 
3, examinator (fig.): Tert. Expr. 
by the verb: he is a careful w. of argu- 
ments, *argumenta accurate ponderat, 
pensitat, examinat. 
weighing: expr. by verb: v. To 
WEIGH. 
— machine; * machina ad pen- 
dendum. 
weight (subs.): 1, pondus, Eris, 7. 
(ithe most gen. term, w. in a balance, 
heaviness, and fig. burden, influence) : 
unfair w.s brought by the Gauls, pondera 
ab Gallis allata iniqua, Liv. 5, 48: the 
atom moves by heaviness and w., atomus 
movetur gravitate et pondere, Cic. Fat. 











WELCOME 


Fea a 
II, 24: all w.s fall to the earth by their 
own gravitation, in tellurem feruntit 
omnia nutu suo pondera, id. Rep. 6, 17: 
w. of cares, p. curarum, Luc. 9, 951. 
w. of testimony, p. testimonii, Cic. Top. 
19, 73: my introduction had great w. 
with you, Mea commendatio magnum 
apud te pondus habuit, id. Fam. 13, 25. 
2. gravitas (heaviness): the first 
beginnings of things must needs move 
by their w., necesse est gravitate sua 
ferri primordia rerum, Lucr. 2, 83: the 
w. of sentences, sententiarum g., Cic. de 
Or. 2, 17, 72. 3, libramentum (a w 
to counterpoise something at the other 
end of a crane or the like): a heavy 
leaden w., grave |. plumbi, Liv. 24, 34. 
4, momentum (w. to turn the scale, 
w. in balance; mostly fig.): the stare 
by their very shape keep their ws in 
balance, astra forma ipsa figuraque sua 
momenta sustentant, Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 
117: by the smallest w.s the greatest 
turnings of the scale are produced, 
minimis momentis maximae inclina- 
tiones fiunt, Cic. Phil. 5, 10, 26: to 
balance every thing according to ite 
proper w., unamquamque rem mo- 
mento suo ponderare, id. Font. 6, 21. 
5, auctoritas (influence): he has we, 
reputation, and an army, auctoritatem, 
nomen, exercitum habet, id. Phil. 11. 
Io, 26: words of laws somewhat more 
ancient, so as to have more w., legum 
verba paulo antiquiora, quo plus aucto- 
ritatis habeant, id. Leg. 2, 7,18. Phr-.: 
matters of w., res graves, dignae: v. 
WEIGHTY : to have great w., multum 
valere, posse: to attach great w. to a 
thing: rem magni pendere, aestimare : 
‘Yer.: Cic.: a pound w., libra pondo 
(lit. a pound by w.): the army decreed 
to the dictator a golden crown of a 
pound w., exercitus dictatori coronam 
auream libram pondo decrevit, Liv. 3,29. 
weightily : graviter: Cic.: but ge- 
nerally this adverb is expressed by a cir- 
cumlocution : to argue w., * gravissimis, 
firmissimis argumentis uti: this opinion 
is w. confirmed, *haec sententia gra- 
vissimis auctoritatibus firmatur. 
weighty : |. Heavy: v. HEAVY. 
Il, Cogent, forcible : 1. gravis, e: 
most w. causes, gravissimae causae, Cic. 
Fam. 5, 12, 7: w. sentences, sententiae 
g. Cic. Brut. 95, 325. 2. firmus: 
w. precepts of duty, officii praecepta 
firma, Cic. Off. 1, 2,6: v. FORCIBLE. 
welcome (@dj.): 1, acceptus 
(gladly veceived): what you approve 
must be deemed pleasant and w., quod 
approbaris id gratum acceptumque ha- 
bendum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45: @ most w. 
slave, servus acceptissimus, Pl. Capt. 3, 
5, 56. 2. gratus (giving pleasure) : 
w. and wished-for love, amor gratus et 
optatus, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: @w. guest, 
g.conviva, Hor.S.2,2,119. 3, laetus: 
that name was w. to the soldiers, laetum 
militibus id nomen, Tac. H. 4, 68. 4. 
jacundus: that was very pleasing and 
w. to the soldiers, id militibus fuit per- 
gratum et jucundum, Caes. B. C. 1, 86. 
5, commdodus (coming at the right 
time): I received a w. letter, litteras 
accepi commodas, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, I, 25. 
6. opportiinus: no une is more w. 
for all this, ad omnia haec magis oppor- 
tunus nemo est, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 47. 
7. exspectatus (long looked for) : 
you will come dear and w. to all, carus 
omnibus exspectatusque venies, Cic. 
Fam. 16,7: an arrival most charming, 
most w., adventus suavissimus, exspec- 
tatissimus, id. Att. 4,4 A. 
welcome (v.): 1, saliito, 1 (to 
greet): Lysiteles ws Charmides, Char- 
midem Lysiteles salutat, Pl. Trin. 5, 2, 
29. 2. salvére jubeo: I w.d him, 
salvere jussi, Pl. Asin. 2, 4, 4. 8, ex- 
cipio, cepi, ceptum, 3 (to recetve) : tow. 
with kind look, benigno vultu excipere, 
Liv. 30,14. 4, accipio: J wish to w.in 
grand style the great men, magnifice voio 
summos viros accipere, Pl. Ps. I, 2, 34. 
welcome (interj.): ], salve: WW, 
Mysis! O Mysis, salve, Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 
4. 2, salvussis: W., Crito! salvus sis, 


WELCOME 


Crito, Ter. Andr. 4,5, 7. Or, if decided 
joy at an arrival is to be expr., *ex- 
spectatus ades, exspectatum, exoptatumr 
te video. 

welcome (suls.): saliitatio (a 
greeting): the armies excha: words 
of w., inter exercitus salutatio facta, 
Liv. 1, 1, fin. Generally expr. by verb 
and adverb: I gave him a warm wW., 
*amantissime eum excepi: he had a 
cold w., *frigide exceptus est. 

weld: 1, ferrimino, 

9. conferrimino, 1: Plin. 

welding: ferruminatio. Plin.: v. 
s0LDERING, 

welfare: 1, salus, itis, 7: thew. 
of states drpends on the counsels of the 
best men, in optimorum consiliis posita 
est civitatium salus, Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 5£: 
that he may consult for his own w., ut 
suae salut! consulat, Caes. B. G. 5, 27: 
what I think to be for your w., that I 
advise, saluti quod tibi esse censvo id 
consuadeo, Pl. Merc. 1,2,32. 2. com- 
médum: the w. of the state, c. reipub- 
licae, Liv. 10, 25, fin.: the public w., 
publica commoda, Hor. Ep. 2. 1, 3. 

3. binum: the public w., bonum 

publicum, Sall. C. 38. 4, iitilitas (w. 
in external advantages) : to devote him- 
self to their interests and w., eorum 
commodis utilitatique servire, Cic. Q. 


Te Elin: 


Fr. 1, 1, 8, 24: nature who consults | 


and provides for the w. and advantages 
of all, natura consultrix et provida uti- 
litatum opportunitatumque omnium, 
Gic, N. D. 2; 22, 58. 5, incdlimitas 
(a state of perfect safety) : w. is a safe 
and complete preservation of well-being, 
incolumitas est salutis tuta atque integra 
conservatio, Cic. Inv. 2, 56,169. Phr.: 
to consult for the public w., rei pub- 
licae consulere, Cic.: our w. demands 
this, *res nostrae hoc postulant (res 
may not unfrequently in such phrases 
stand tor w.): to wish any one’s w.: 
*salvum aliquem velle. 

welkin: aer, caelum: v. sky. 

well (subs.): 1. pitteus (a pit 
dug for water): we have seen warm 
water drawn from clear w.s, ex puteis 
jugibus aquam calidam trabi vidimus, 
Cic. N. D. 20 25: todig a w., puteum 
fodere, Pi. Sy eye eeys Q. ‘ons, 
tis, m. (a spring, fountain): v. FOUN- 
TAIN. Phr.: medical w.s, *fontes me- 
dicae salubritatis: mineral w.s, *fontes 
mnetallicae aquae: v. WATER: the enclo- 
sure round aw.’s mouth, piiteal: Cic.- 
a w.-cover, *putei operculum: a w.- 
digger: putearius: Plin. w.-water: 
puveanse (puteales) aquae; Lucr.: Col.: 

n. 

well (v.): to w., w. forth, w. out: 
sciteo, profluo, etc.: v. TO GUSH, to 
FLOW. 

well (adj.): ‘1, salvus (w. in body 
or circumstances): I saw your son just 
now alive, w., and safe, filium tuum 
modo vivum, salvum, et sospitem vidi, 
Pl. Capt. 4, 2,93. would that we could 
have conversed while all was w., utinam 
salvis rebus colloqui potuissemus, Cic. 
Fam. 4, I, I. 2. sanus (sound in 
mind or body): w. and in good health, 
sanus recteque valens, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 
21: i he be made w. again by that 
medicine, si eo medicamento sanus fac- 
tus sit, Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92. 3, vilens 
(in health): the doctor is quite positive 
that you will soon be w., medicus plane 
contirmat prope diem te valentem fore, 
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2. 4, int&éger (un- 
injured): the infant wishes himself to 
be w. and safe, infans se integrum sal- 
vumque vult, Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33. Phr.: 
to be w.: valere, bene valere; bene se 
habere; valetudine bona, firma, integra 
uti: Cic.; V. HEALTH, HEALTHY to 
get w.: convalescere, ex morbo eva- 
dere. recreari; Cie.: to look w., *sanus 
videri, sanitatem corporis vultu prodere : 
you do not look quite w., *vix satis valens 
(firmus, robustus) videris, paullo infir- 
mior (debilior, languidior) videris my 
people are never so w. in any other place, 
mei nusquam salubrius degunt, Plin. 
Ep. 5, 6, 46. 


WELL-BRED 





WET 





well (adv.): 1, béne (most general ! urbanus (polished) : aw. man, homo 


word; used both abs. and with verbs | u., Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 3 


and participles) it is w., bene est, bene 
habet, bene agitur, Cic.: Ter.: it is w. 
with husbands, b. est maritis, Hor. Ep 
1, I, 8g: a country house w. built, villa 
b. aedificata, Cic.: a field w. tilled, ager 
b. cultns, Cic.: to spealc, do, w., b. 
dicere, facere: the gods do w. lo you, 
tibi Di b. faciant, Pl., to buy w. (advan- 
tageously), bene emere, Cic.: to do w. 
(fare well): b. rem gerere, se habere. 

9, probe (excellently, thoroughly) : 
up to this point we have done w., usque 
adhuc actum est probe, Pl. Mil 2, 6, 
107: Antipaler whom you w. remember, 
Antipater quem tu probe meministi, 
Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 194: w. drunk, ap- 
potus probe, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 126. 3. 
recte (rightly): it seems done w. and 
regularly, r. atque ordine factum vide- 
tur, Cic. Quint. 7, 28: there was one to 
whom I could w. entrust a letter to you, 


4, 1, 1: to look out w. for onesel/, 
r. sibi videre, ‘l'er. Ph. 1, 4, 12. 4, 
pulchre (beautifully): it is w. and 
wisely said, p. et sapienter dictum, 
| Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 26; itis w. with me, p. 
est mihi, Cic. N. I). 1, 41, 114. 5. 
belle (neatly, nicely): Terentia was less 
w., Terentia minus b. habuit, Cic. Fam. 
9, 9, 1: to operate w., b. facere (in medi- 
cine), Cato R. R. 157. 6. scienter 
(w. in point of slcill, science): to sing 
w., to play on the lute w., * scienter 
canere, citharam modulari. 7. scite 
(tastefully): to arrange a banquet w., 
s. convivium exornare, Sall. J. 85 8, 
praeclare (admirably w.): you do w., 
p. facitis, Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25. Some 
other Latin adverbs expressing spe- 
cial excellence might serve to render 
the English well, though not strictly 
translateable by well when found in 
Latin authors. Phr.: to take anything 
w., in bonam partem accipere: Cic.: to 
wish any one well : favere alicui: Cic. : to 
let w. alone (prov.), quieta non movere: 
because Apelles knew when to let w. alone, 
quod Apelles manum de tabula sciret 
tollere, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 80: w. met! 
I was looking Jor you, ehem opportune ! 
te ipsum quaerito, Ter. Ad. I, 2, I. 

well (intery.): 1, esto (be it so). 

9, non répugno (J do not olyect). 
3. licet (all right !). 4, bene 

est (‘tis well). 5, audio, teneo (of an 
impatient listener who says well! go on): 
PL: Ter.: (of these colloquial phrases no 
one is exactly coextensive with Eng. 
well, which is sometimes hardly em- 
phatic enough to require any distinct 
rendering by a Latin ye 

well-aftected : . bénévolus 
(kind): w. towards any one, erga ali- 
quem b., Pl. Capt. 2, 2, 100. 9, imi- 
cus (friendly): the tribunes of the plebs 
are w. towards us, tribuni plebis sunt 
nobis amici, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 16. 3) 
propitius (favourable; of one whose 
favour is courted): they hope he ws w., 
the other they think angry, hune pro- 
pitium sperant, illum iratnm putant, 
Cic. Att. 8, 16. 4, pronus (thus used 
in poets and post-Aug. prose): 2/ only 
the derties be w. and help, si modo prona 
assint numina, Stat. S. 4, 8, 61: Nero's 
court was w. towards him, prona ineum 
aula Neronis, Tac. H. I, 11° V. FRIENDLY, 
FAVOURABLE. Phr.: to bew.: favere. 
v. TO FAVOUR. 

— -being: salus, felicitas, etc.: 


V. WELFARE. 

— -born: 1, nobilis (high- 
born): Clodia, a w. lady, Clodia mulier 
nobilis, Cic. Coel. 13, 21. 9, in- 
génuus (freeborn) : w, and. illustrious 
parents, ingenui clarique parentes, Hor. 
Sao wOle 8, honesto loco natus ; 
nobili genere ortus: Cic. 

=——— bred: J, libéraliter édiica- 
tus (describes a man who has actually 
had a goo education): a w.man, homo 
l. e., Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 57: 2, cdmis 
(courteous, as the result of good breed- 
ing) w., kind, affable men, comes, 

1 benigni, faciles, Cic. Balb. 16, 36. 





fuit cui r. ad te litteras darem, id. Att. | 





“8 | morsture) : 


4. himanus 
(polite, obliging): a most affable and 
w. man, homo facillimus atque huma- 
nissimus, Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 3. 

well-favoured: pulcher, formdsus, 
etc.: V, BEAUTIFUL, HANDSOME, 

— -disposed: V. WELL-APFECTED, 

own: ], pervulgatus: 
w. slanders, maledicta pervulgata, Cic. 
Coel. 3,6. 2, célébratus (told over and 
over again): what is so trite and w.f 
quid tam tritum atque celebratum est? 
Cic. Flace, 27, 65. 3, nobilis (re- 
nowned): the great and w. rhetorician 
Isocrates, Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 7. Phr.: itis 
w.: constat, certum est: i is w. to 
me that: me non fugit, non praeterit 
(constr. with ace. and infin.) : Cie. 
-spent: Phr.: a well-spent 
life, vita acta honestissime, Cic.: v. TO 
SPEND. 

—— -versed: 1, versdtus: men 
w. in a variety of public matters, viri 
in rerum publicarum varietate versati, 
Cic. Rep. 3, 3, 4. 2. péritus: w. in 
many things, peritus multarum rerum, 
Cic. Font. , 25. 3. expertus: youths 
w. in war, experti belli juvenes, Virg. 
Aen. 10, 172: V. PRACTISED. Phr.: he 
was equally w, in matters of the city 
and the country, urbanas rusticasque res 
pariter callebat, Liv. 39, 40. 

— -wisher; bénévdlus, amicus, 
etc. : V. FRIEND, 

welt (subs.): *limbus (border, hem), 
margo, inis, m. (edge), extréma sitira. 

welt (v.): *circumsuo, ui, itum, 3 
(perh. only in part.). 

welter (v.): to roll about: voliitor, 
1 dep.: to w. to the wind (Milton, Lyc.), 
*vento jactante volutari: to w. in one’s 
blood, * sanguine perfusus volutari, ver- 
sari or -re; sanguine madere: cf. mori- 
ensque suo se in vulnere versat, Virg. 
Aen. 11, 669. 

wen: ganglion: Veg. 

wench (subs.): 1, piielliila: he 
Sound alute-playing w., nactus est puel- 
lulam citharistriam, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 31 

9. miilierciila: will they take their 
w.s with them to the camp? num suas 
secum mulierculas in castra sunt duc- 
turi? Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 23: V. GIRL, PROSTI- 
TUTE. 

wench (v.): scortor, 1: Pl.: Ter 

wend: Phr.: to w. one’s way, car- 
pere viam : Vv. TO GO. 

west (subs.): 1, occidens: from 
east to w., ab oriente ad occidentem, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164. 9. occisus, fis 
(or occasus solis). towards the w., in 
occasum, Virg. Aen. II, 317: Tain com- 
ing from the w., ab occasu veriens 
imber, ib.9, (68: the aspect of Aquilanta 
is between w. and north, Aquitania 
spectat inter occasum solis et septen- 
triones, Caes. B. G. 1, 1. Phr.: the 
extreme east or w., orientis aut obeuntis 
solis ultimae partes, Cic, Rep. 6, 20, 22: 
the vegion of the w., vespertina regio, 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 3°. 

west (adj.): occidentalis, occiduus: 
Vv. WESTERN. Phr.: the w. wind, ventus 
occidentalis: Gell. In classical Latin 
expr. by one word : j, Favinius: to 
date the beginning of spring from the 
w. wind, veris initium a Favonio notare, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 10, 27- 2. Zéphyrus: 
Tempe moved by w. winds, Zephyris 
agitata Tempe, Hor. Od. 3, 1, 24. 

westerly: Phr.: a westerly gale, 
ab occasu Veniens (flans) ventus, Virg.: 
v. WEsT (subs.). : 

western: 1, ad occidentem ; Cic.. 
v. West (subs.). 2. occidentilis, 
Plin.: Gell. 3, occiduus (poct.): the 
Crab has set in the w, waters, Cancer 
occiduas subivit aquas, Ov. F. 1, 314. 

westwards (adv.): in occasum, oc- 
casum versus: V. WEST (subs.). / 

wet (adj.): j, hiimidus (moist or 
that brings moisture, opp. to aridus, 
siccus): the earth w. with showers, ex 
imbribus humida tellus, Lucr, 2, 873: 
w. summers, humida solstitia, Virg. a. 
I, 100. 9, ividus (saturated with 
w. garments, uvida vesti- 


943 





WET 








menta, Hor. Od. 1, 5, 14: fields w. with 
constant rains, rura assiduis uvida aquis, 
Ov. F. 4, 686. 8. dus (damp on 
the surface, swimming with water): w. 
fens, udae paludes, Ov. F. 6, 401: the w. 
palate, u. palatum, Virg. G. 3, 388. 
4, madidus (wet through, drip- 
ping): a bundle of letters w. through 
with water, fasciculus epistolarum aqua 
madidus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 4: cheeks w. 
(with tears), madidae genae, Ov. A. A. 1, 
660. 5, miidens: w. (marshy) plains, 
madentes campi, Tuc. H. 5, 17. Tete 
w. weather, imbres, pluvia: y. RAIN, 
RAINY : cheeks are w. with tears, lacrimis 
Madent genae, Ov. A. A. 3, 398: the 
earth becomes w. with the constant rain- 
clouds, nubibus assiduis tellus madescit, 
id. M. 1, 66: the place is w. with water, 
locus humet aqua, Ov. F. 4, 146: they 
grow w. with the foam of those that 
follow, humescunt spumis sequentum, 
Virg. G. 3, 111. 
wet (v.): [, Trans: F 
miadéfacio, feci, factum, 3 (to wet 
through): to w. @ sponge, madefacere 
spongiam, Suet. Vesp. 16: Cic. Dh. 
humecto, t (poet.): to w. the cheeks 
with tears, lacrimis humectare genas, 
Lucr. I, 919. 3. Tigo, 1: the rains 
sprinkle and w. sea and land, imbres 
maria ac terras sparguntque rigantque, 
Lucr. 6, 613. |J. Intrans.: E 
hiimeo, 2, humesco, 3: the place is 
wet, locus humet, Ov. F. 4, 146. 9. 
madeo, 2, madesco, 3: the earth ts w., 
terra madet, Virg. Aen. 12, 690: Cic. 
$3, permadesco, 3 (stronger): Col. 
Phr.: he is w. through, aqua madidus 
est, Col. (e Kr.). 
wet-nurse; nutrix, icis: each mother 
suckles her own child; children are not 
entrusted to w.s, sua quemque mater 
uberibus alit, nec nutricibus delegantur, 
Tac. G. 20: we seem to have sucied in 
error almost with our w.’s mill, paene 
cum lacte nutricis errorem suxisse vide- 
mur, Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2. 
wether: vervex, écis, m. : to sacrifice 
wether's, sacrificium facere vervecibus, 
Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 55. 
wetness: humor, Oris: an external 
w. seems very like sweat, humor extrin- 
secus sudorem videtur imitari, Cic. Div. 
2, 27, §8: V. MOISTURE. 
wettish: himidilus: w. flax, humi- 
dulum linum, Ov. A. A. 3, 629: v. VAMP. 
whale: 1, balaena: the dolphins 
suckle their young, as does the w., del- 
phini nutriunt uberibus, sicut balaena, 
Plin. 9, 8, 7: the huge backs of w.s, 
balaenarum immania terga, Ov. M. 2, 9 
2, cétus, i, m. (also m., and in plur. 
cete): huge w.s, immania cete, Virg. 
Aen. 5, 822: (the word is rather indefi- 
nite for any great sea animal : it is used 
by Vitruvius for the constellation of the 
Whale). 3, pistrix, icis, f. (a doubtful 
sea monster, perh. a whale): aw. with 
huge body, inmani corpore pistrix, Virg. 
Aen. 3, 427 (of Scylla): the back of the 
Whale (constellation), Pistricis terga, 
Cic. Arat. 152. 
— -fishing: 
rum (Kr.). 
whaler: @ ship for whale-fishery : 
* navis cetaria. 
wharf: 1, navale, is, m. (usu. 
pl.): Cic. 2, crépido, inis, f.: a 
piratical galley sailed up to all the 
wharves of the city, piraticus myoparo 
ad omnes urbis crepidines accessit, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 37, 91- 
what (pron.): |. Interrogative, 
independent or dependent : 1, quid 
(used substantively): what do you 
want ? quid tibi vis? Hor.: take care 
what you do, vide quid agas, Ter.: what 
tf he restore it? quid si reddet? Ter. 
what? have you brought your daughter ? 
quid? adduxtin’ filiam? ‘Ter. 2. 
quidnam (what, pray? the termination 
“nam ”’ adds liveliness to the question) : 
I come back to see what Chaerea is doing 
here, reviso quidnam Chaerea hic agat, 
Ter. 3, ecquid (asks with expectation 
of negative); what hope is there further ? 
equid spei porrost? Ter, 4. quis 
9” 


*captura balaena- 


| (used adjectively for what, chiefly with 





WHEEDLING 


substantives which denote a person: 
cf. Madvig Lat. Gr. 88, 1): what sena- 
tor? quis senator? Cic.: in such cases 
the inquiry seems after the name only, 
and not, as with “ qui,” after the charac- 
ter. 5, qui, quae, quod (an inquiry 
after character, kind, etc. is usually im- 
plied): what Chaerea? qui Chaerea? 
Ter.: what sweeter song can be found ? 
what more pleasant actor? qui cantus 
dulcior inveniri potest ? qui actor jucun- 
dior? Cic.: what power have I? quae in 
me est facultas? Cic. 6, quinam (a 
mere strengthening of qui). 7, qualis 
(of what kind, sort): what honour, what 
natural affection think you that they 
possess ? quali fide, quali pietate existi- 
matis eos esse? Cic. 8. quantus (of 
what an amount, how great): for what 
did he buy it? quanti emit? Ter. 
||. Exclamatory: quid (substan- 
tive); qui, qualis, quantus (adjectives), 
with distinctions as given above: O 
what embracings, what joys there were ! 
O qui complexus, et gaudia quanta 
fuerunt! Hor. S. 1, 5, 43: O what an 
appearance, and worthy of what a 
picture! Oqualis facies et quali digna 
tabella! Juv. 10, 157. What in this 
use may also be rendered by “quam” 
with adj.: what a shameful deed! 
quam indignum facinus! Ter. ill. 
Relative: equivalent to that which: 
1, quod: why do you wish for 
what you possess? cur optas quod 
habes ? Hor. 2. quae, n. pl. (if, as 
frequently in English, the relative what 
sums up several things): what you have 
written to me I feel to be true, quae ad 
me scripsisti ea sentio esse vera, Cic. 
whatever: 1, quicunque: used 
both adjectively and, in the neuter, sub- 
stantively ; by whatever method I could, 
quacunque potui ratione, Cic. : whatever 
you see, quodcunque vides, Prop.: with 
genitive of noun: whatever soldiers you 
can gather, quodcunque militum con- 
trahere poteritis, Cic. Att. 8, 12, A. 
2. quisquis: the neuter quicquid is 
chiefly substantive, constr. like quod- 
cunque; but in other genders and cases 
it is used adjectively: whatever man, 
quisquis homo, Pl.: with whatever design 
he did it, quoquo consilio fecit, Cic. 
(“Quicunque ” and “ quisquis” are both 
used when among a number of speci- 
mens in a class none is excepted; but 
“quisquis ” appears more summarily to 
dismiss the specimens as equal among 
themselves: e. g.: quodcunque est, tibi 
habe, take all that there is: quicquid 
est tibi habe, take anything or everything 
that there is, it ts allthe same. Perbaps 
too “quicquid” leaves it more uncer- 
tain whether there is much or little). 
wheal: |. A pustule: pustula: 
Plin. Il. The mark of a stripe: 
vibex: Vv. STRIPE (L1.). 
wheat: triticum: he made them 
promise a@ hundred and twenty bushels 
of wheat, tritici modios centum viginti 
polliceri coegit, Caes. B. C. 2,18. Phr.: 
a wheat crop, triticea messis, Virg. G. 1, 
219: a wheat field, *ager tritico con- 
situs (Kr.): a grain of wheat, * tritici 
granum (Kr.): wheat straw, * stramen- 
tum triticenm (Kr.). 
wheaten: 1, triticeus: wheaten 
bran, triticei furfures, Varr. R. R.: w. 
meal, triticeum far, Col.: w. bread, 
*panis triticeus (Kr.). 2, siligineus: 
w. bread, panis s., Sen. Ep. 123, med. 
wheedle: 1. blandior, itus, 4 dep. : 
the cunning flatterer often w.s by pre- 
tending to dispute, callidus assentator 
saepe litigare se simulans blanditur, 
Cic. Am. 26, 99. 2. eblandior (to 
wheedle or coax out): work or rather 
w. tt out of him, elabora vel potius 
eblandire, Cic. Att. 16, 16 C.. votes 
w.d out, eblandita suffragia, id. Planc. 
4, 10: V. TO COAX, TO FLATTER. 
wheedler:  assentator, 
blandus; v, FLATTERER. 
wheedling: 1. blanditiae, arum: 
to win the good will of citizens by 
wheedling and flattery is shameful, 


adulator, 





WHEN 





benevolentiam civium blanditiis et as 
sentando colligere turpe est, Cic. Am. 
17, 61. 2, blandimentum (mostly in 
plur.): you have ruined me with your 
w., pessum dedisti blandimentis me tuis 
BLY Rud. 256,023. 3, adilatio: v. 
FLATTERY. 
wheel: 1, rota: the spokes of 
broken w.s, radii fractarum rotarum, 
Ov. M. 2, 317 a potter’s w., rota figularis, 
Pl. Epid. 3, 2, 35: in this he is thought 
to say that happiness does not mount the 
w. (of torture), in eo putatur dicere in 
rotam beatam vitam non escendere, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24: the w. (inconstancy) 
of fortume, rota fortunae, id. Pis. 10, 22. 
2, tympanum (a drum-like w.) : 
by pulleys and w.s, per trochleas et 
tympana, Lucr. 4,906. 3, rhombus (a 
magician’s w. or circle): to draw down 
the moon by Thessalian w., Thessalico 
lunam deducere rhombo, Mart. 9, 30, 9. 
4. orbis, is, m. (poet.): tron-tired 
w.s, ferrati orbes, Virg. G. 3, 361. 5. 
orbiculus (the w. of a pulley): Vitr 
Phr.: tolockaw., suffaminare rotam, 
Sen.: he locks the w., rotam astringit 
sufflamine, Juv. 8,148. For wheel in the 
sense of a turning round, V. EVOLUTION. 
wheel (v.): 1, circumago, égi, 
actum, 3: before they could w. round 
their horses, prius quam equos frenis 
circumagerent, Liv. 1, 14, fin. : the enemy 
w.ing round, circumagens se hostis, id. 
4. 28. 2, converto, ti, sum, 3: they 
Jorce the rest to w. round, reliquos sese 
convertere cogunt, Caes. B. C. 1, 46 
Phr.: again, at the word of command, 
they w.’d round, rursus vocati conver- 
tere vias, Virg. Aen. 5, 582: the kite 
w.ing in circles through the air, ducens 
per aera gyros miluus, Ov. Am. 2, 6, 33: 
to w. right about, signa convertere, Caes, 
B. G. 1, 25: to w. to the right, in 
hastam: to w. to the left, in scutum 


| (R. and A.). 


wheel-barrow: pibo, onis, m.: 
Isid. Gloss, : 

— -drag: sufflamen: v. wHEEL 
(subs.). 

—— -rut: orbita: I hoped that the 
wheel of state had so turned that we 
could hardly see any wheel-rut marked, 
sperabam sic orbem reipublicae esse con- 
versum ut vix impressam orbitam videre 
possemus, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2. 

-work: *rotae (wheels). 

——-wright: *rhédarius, véhici- 
larius, carpentarius, plaustrarius: Capi- 
tol.: Lampr. 

wheeze (v.): perh. anhélo, 1 (tc 
pant): Cic.: spiritum aegre ducere : Cic. 

wheezing: (subs.) perh. anhélitus 
us: Cic. _ 

wheezing, wheezy (adj.): ue 
anhelans, anhélus: w. old men, senes 
anheli, Virg. G. 2, 135. 2, asth- 
maticus (asthmatic): Plin. 

whelk (a shell fish): *buccinum 
undatum. 

whelp (subs.): 1, catilus- let the 
wild beasts conceal their w.s, catulos 
ferae celent, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 41: the ws 
of a lioness, catuli leaenae, ib. 3, 20, 2. 

2. scymnus (poet.): lions’ w.s, 
scymni leonum, Lucr. 5, 1036. 

whelp (v.): catulos edere, parere: ¥. 
TO BRING FORTH. 

when: 1, quum; the most gen. 
word for the varying shades of meaning 
of when: it denotes the coincidence of 
two facts, or the sequence of one after 
the other. When used purely of time 
with no idea of cause and effect, quum 
is constr. with imdic. of any tense (v. 
Lat. Gr. § 485): so too with indic. of 
repeated actions, when it means as 
often as. Where cause and effect are 
implied, constr. with swbj.: hence in his- 
torical sequence it usually takes swbj. 
(v. Lat. Gr. §§ 483, 484), some rela- 
tion of cause and effect being almost 
necessarily implied: with subj., if for 
when we might substitute since, whereas, 
etc.: or if itis used by periphr. to supply 
the lack of a past purt. active in Latin. 

%. tbi: denotes a point of time 





| from which some other takes its be- 


eet 


ime 


WHENCE 


WHETHER 


WHILE 





ginning: w. (as soon as) the Helvetii 
were informed they sent ambassadors, 
ubi Helvetii certiores facti sunt, legatos 
mittunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 7: it is constr. 
with indie. usually; the swbj., where it 
occurs, being hardly attributable to 
“ubi:’’ e. g., w. once a man has per- 
jured himself he must not henceforth be 
believed, ubi semel quis pejeraverit, ei 
credi postea nun oportet Cic. Rub. Post. 
13, 36: where the suly. s used because 
it is a supposed case. 3. tit: as soon 
as ever: to mark an occurrence imme- 
diately preceding the main action: w. J 
had read your letter, immediately I 
wrote mine, litteras scripsi statim ut 
tuas legeram, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 3. 4, 
quando: interrogative, direct, and in de- 
pendent sentences: 0 country, w. shall 
J see you? O rus, quando ego te as- 
piciam? Hor. S. 2, 6, 60: we do not see 
w. old age is creeping over us, non intel- 
ligitur quando obrepat senectus, Cic. 
Phr.: Caesar, when he had landed his 
army, hastened against the enemy, Caesar 
exposito exercitu ad hostes contendit, 
Caes.: Sabinus w. he had encouraged 
his men, gave the signal, Sabinus suos 
hortatus signum dat, id.: Jarquinius, 
w. besieging Ardea, lost his kingdom, 
Tarquinius Ardeam oppugnans regnum 
perdidit, Liv.: since the time vw Leu- 
calion elimbed the mountain, ex quo 
Deucalion montem ascendit, Juv. 1, 81: 
w. (what time) jirst Deucalion cast the 
stones into an empty world, quo tempore 
primum Deucalion vacuum lapides jac- 
tavit in orbem, Virg. G. 1, 62. 
whence: unde: nor does he come 
thence w. I would have preferred, nec 
inde venit unde mallem, Cic.: w. has 
Cinna been dislodged? unde dejectus 
est Cinna? id.: that he might answer 
me, w. he came, ut mihi responderet unde 
esset, id.: I do not recal to mind w. I 
have fallen, but w. I have risen, non 
recordor unde ceciderim, sed unde sur- 
rexerim, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 10: the relation 
will be brief if the beginning be made w. 
it must needs be, brevis erit narratio si 
unde necesse est inde initium sumetur, 
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28: who had killed the 
man w. (from whom) he himself was 
born, qui eum necasset unde ipse natus 
esset, id. Rosc. Am. 26, 71. 
whencesoever: 1, undécunque: 
Sen.: Plin. 2. unde unde: Tert. 
whenever: 1, quandocunque : 
w. business draws me to Rome, quando- 
cunque trahunt negotia Romam, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 14, 17. 2. utcunque: w. 
morals have failed, utcunque defecere 
mores, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 35. 3, qudties 
(as often as, of repeated actions): w. it 
ws disputed which is the first, Pacuvius 
wins the fame, ambigitur quoties uter 
utro sit prior, aufert Pacuvius famam, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 55. 4. quodtiescunque: 
the rest shall be veady for you w. you 
wish, cetera quotiescunque voletis parata 
vobis erunt, Cic. T'usc. 3, 34, 84. 
where: |. Interrogative : 13 
tibi: w.am Ito find Pamphilus? ubi 
inveniam Pamphilum? Ter.: w. in the 
world? ubi gentium? Pl.: I could not 
even guess w. on earth you were, ne sus- 
picabar quidem ubi terrarum esses, Cic. 
9. tbinam: w. ts the man? ubinam 
est homo? Pl.: J see not where the mind 
can take its stand, non video ubinam 
mens insistere possit, Cic. I]. Re- 
lative : 1, qua: J shall be spoken of 
w. violent Aujidus roars, dicar qua 
violens obstrepit Aufidus, Hor. Od. 3, 
30, 10. 9. ibi: w.a tyrant is, there 
we must say there is absolutely no com- 
monealth, ubi tyrannus est, ibi dicen- 
dum est plane nullam esse rempublicam, 
Vic. Where may often be turned by the 
cases of the relative “qui”: e. g., the 
house w., domus in qua; the place w., 
tocus in quo, apud quem; a@ matter w., 
res in qua: etc. 
whereas: quoniam, quando, quan- 
doquidem, quum: v. SINCE, WHILE, 
Whereas, when serving to shew an ad- 
versative relation of two clauses, is often 
not _xpressed in Latin: e. g., we heard 


you say that we thought all men ene- 
mies who were not with us, w. you thought 
all men friends who were nut against you, 
te dicere audiebamus, nos omnes adver- 
sarios putare nisi qui nobiscum essent, 
te omnes qui contra te non essent tuos, 
Cic, 
whereby: |. Interrogative: qua 
re, ratione, vid; quo pacto: Cic. Il. 
Relative: quo, qua via, etc.; per quod, 
per quae, Cic. 
wherefore: |. Interrogative : 
1, quare, qnamobrem, cur, quid 
Cic. 2. quapropter: Pl.: ‘er. 
|]. Relative: expressing a conclu- 
from grounds distinctly stated : 
1. quare: w. I thus recommend 
him to you, quare sic tibi eum com- 
mendo, Cic. 2, quamobrem (referring 
to one distinctly stated reason) - conceit 
of power is odious, w. I say nothing of | 
my own powers, arrogantia ingenii odiosa 
est, quamobrem nihil dico de meo 
ingenio, Cic. 3. quapropter (in 
transitions, referring to sere al reasons) : 
w. I shall say this, quapropter hoc 
dicam, Cic. 4. quocirca: w. the 
senate in our ancestors’ time rightly 
decreed, quocirca bene apud majores 
nostros senatus decrevit, Cic. oO: 
proinde (consequently: used in ani- 
mated exhortation esp.): w. let them 
either depart, or keep quiet, proinde aut 
exeant, aut quiescant, Cic. 
wherein: in quo, in qua re, in qui- 
bus (if many things are referred to). 
whereof: cujus, cujus rei, quorum: | 
de quo, qua re, quibus (if in whereof the 
of means concerning). 
whereto: _ |, Interrogative: 1, 
quo (to what end): w. should you reserve 
such a wicked enemy ? quo tam scelera- 
tum hostem reserves? Cic. F 
quorsum: will you not say w. this 
tends ? non dices quorsum haec tendant ? 
Hors. 02s jake |]. Relative: to 
which: cui, cui rei: ad quod, ad quam 
rem: acc, to the context. 
whereunon: _1, quo facto (after 
the doing of which). 2. post quae 
(after which), 
wherever: 1, quacunque: wher- 
ever he went, quacunque iter fecit, Cic. 
2, iibicunque: w. you are, you are | 
in the same ship, ubicunque es, in eadem 
es navi, Cic. 
wherry: cymba, cymbila, linter, 
lembus: v. BOAT. Phr.: safe in the | 
refuge of my two-oared w., tutus biremis 
praesidio scaphae, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 62: 
two-oared w.s, biremes lembi, Liv. 24, 
40. 
wherryman: *nauta, remex, igis, 
m. (@ rower): V. ROWER. 
whet (v-): |, Lit: 1, acuo, ui, 
titum, 3: they hear the shrill sound of 
the saw when it is being w.’d, stridorem 
serrae audiunt quum acuitur, Cic. Tusc. 
5, 40, 116: the lioness w.s her terrible 
teeth, leaena dentes acuit timendos, Hor. 
Od. 3, 20, 10. 2. exacuo (strength- 
ened): the boar w.s his teeth, sus exacuit 
dentes, Virg. G. 3, 255. Il. Fig.: to 
provoke, stimulate: acuo, exacuo: to w. 
the tongue by practice in speaking, lin- 
guam a, exercitatione dicendi, Cic. Brut. 
97,331: Tyrtaeus w.d manly spirits for 
martial war, Tyrtaeus mares animos 
exacuit in Martia bella, Hor. A. P. 403. 
whet (subs.): a stimulus to the ap- 
petite: gustatio, Petr. 
whether (pron.): titer: w. of us two 
ts on the people’s side, you or I? uter 
nostrum est popularis, tune an ego? 
Cic. Rab. perd. 4, 11: v. WHICH. 
whether (conj.): |, In single 
questions: 1, né (attached to the 
most important word in the question) : 
w, Publilius will go, you will be able to 
know jrom Aledius, Publilius iturusne 
sit, ex Aledio cognosces, Cic. 2, num: 
T ask w. things would happen differently 
From what they do happen, quaero num 
aliter ac nunc eveniunt evenirent, Cic. 
3, an (after verbs of doubting, not 
knowing, etc.): I de not know w. I may 
(not) better call it patience, nescio an 
melius patientiam foe dicere, Cic. 
3 


sion 








Lig. 9,26: there is really no ellipse of - 
negative here; it is onty that J am not 
sure w.,in Latin, conveyed a leaning w 
the affirmative, whereas in English it 
leans to the negative: I doubt w. J 
should (not) place (i.e. I am almost in- 
clined 'o place) Thrasybulus the first of 
all men, dubito an Thrasybulum prim- 
um omnium ponam, Nep. Thras.1. 4, 
si (after verbs of seeing, trying): I will 
go and see w, he is at home, ibo et visam 
si domi est, Pl.: the Helvetii tried w. 
they could breal: through, Helvetii sx 
perrumpere possent conati, «acs. B. G, 
TG: 5, utrum (very rare in this 
use) : will you dare to say that it matters 
not w. the Sicilians thinke well of you? an 
hoc dicere audebis utrum de te Siculi bene 
exisument, ad rem non pertinere? Cic. 
Verr. 2, 69, 167. |], In double ques- 
tions, whether... or: ], utrum.,.an, 
anne, ne: w.he spoke in a Roman sense, 
or as the Stoics speak, I will hereafter 
inquire, utrum Romano more locutus 
sit, an, ut Stoici dicunt, postea videro, 
Cic.: w. they think this or pretend it, you 
will understand, id utrum illi sentiant 
anne simulent, tu intlliges, id.: w. you 
have bought it or not, utrum emeris nec- 
ne,id. 2, ne... an: w. in the whole 
compass of the speech, or in the begin- 
ning, or in the end, or in both, in totone 
circuitu orationis, an in principiis, an in 
extremis, an in utraque parte, Cic. 3, 
...an, ne, the Latin word for whether 
being not expressed: w. wounded or 
whole, have I deserted your standard ? 


| Saucius an sanus numquid tua signa 
| reliqui? Ov.: so that it was uncertain 


w. they were conquerors or conquered, 
ut incertum fuerit vicissent victine es- 
sent, Liv. ||], Whether... or, where a 
matter is left undecided, but a con- 
clusion drawn whichever way it be: 
Sive... sive, seu... seu (the former 
Ciceronian, the latter, as also sive... 


| seu, seu... sive, in Caes. and in the 


poets): w. I am thinking, or writing, 
or reading, IT um wont to use that as 
my favourite place, sive quid mecum 
ipse cogito sive quid aut scribo aut 
lego, illo loco libentissime soleo uti, 
Cic.: w. it was done rightly or wrongly, 
I confess myself the doer, seu recte seu 
pervorse facta sunt, egomet fecisse con- 
fiteor, Pl.: w. by guile or w. the fates of 
Troy so willed it, sive dolo seu Trojae 
sic fata ferebant, Virg.: w. it is mad- 
ness or anyone has harmed you, seu 
furor est, sive aliquis nocuit, Ov, 

whetstone: os, cotis, f.: I will 
play the part of aw. which can sharpen 
steel, fungar vice cotis acutum reddere 
quae ferrum valet, Hor. A. P. 304: to 
sharpen axes on the w., subigere in cote 
secures, Virg. Aen. 7, 627: they said 
that anger was as it were the w. of 
courage, iracundiam fortitudinis quasi 
cotem esse dicebant, Cic. Acad. 2, 44, 135. 

whey: strum: jeed your young 
hounds with rich w., catulos pasce sero 
pingui, Virg. G. 3, 406. 

which: |, interrogative: i 
quis, qui (w. out of many) ; the former 
generally subs., the latter adj.: v. WHAT. 

9. ater (w. of two): the king not 

knowing w. was Orestes, ignorante rege 
uter esset Orestes, Cic. Am. 7, 24. Il. 
Relative: qui, quae, quod. 

whichever: 1. quicunque, quis- 
quis (of several): Vv. WHATEVER. 2. 
utercunque (of two): there are said to 
be great forces ready on both sides, su 
that, w. conquers, there will be nothing 
to surprise one, Magnae utrinque copiae 
paratae esse dicuntur, ita ut utercunque 
vicerit non sit mirum futurum, Cic. 
Fam. 6, 4. 

whiff; *balitus, iis (breath). 

whig: fautor factionis quae nomina- 
tur “ whig.” 

while (subs.): tempus, spatium, 
mora: v. Time. Phr.. hold your peace 
Jor a little w., tace parumper, PL Cure. 2, 
3, 78: Milo delayed for a little w., Milo 
paullisper commoratus est, Cic. Mil. to, 
28: Ihave been speaking a long w., diu 
loquor, Pl. Ps. 2, 3, 213 the crime was 

945 


WHILE 


committed a great w. ago, scelus fac- 
tumst jam diu, PL Most. 2, 2, 45: a little 
w after, paullo post, Cic. Fam. 16, 5, 2: 
a good w. after, aliquanto post, id. Caec. 
4. 11: in @ little w., in brevi spatio, 
Yar. Heaut. 5, 2, 2: that I might see 
you after so long a w., ut te tanto inter- 
vailc viderem, Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 2: in 
the mean w. Munatius comes, interim 
venit Munatius, id. Fam. 10, 12,2: worth 
w., operae pretium, Cic.: Liv. 

while (conj.): 1, dum (the pre- 
gent is almost always used with dum, 
though the rest of the sentence may be 
in a post tense: as, dum haec parantur, 
Saguntum jam oppuynabatur, while 
these preparations were [lit. are] mak- 
ing, Saguntum was already being as- 
saulted, Liv.: but when dum signifies 
as long as, it may take a past or future: 
as, hoc feci dum licuit, I did this as 
long as I was permitted, Cic.: v. Lat. 
Gr. § 393, Obs. 2): w. this was being 
dene in Apulia, the Samnites did not 
keep the town of Interamna, dum haec 
in Apulia gerebantur, Samnites In- 
teramnam urbem non tenverunt, Liv. 
Ic, 36: w. he wished to be like Alex- 
ander, he was found most unlike the 
Crassi, dum Alexandri similis esse vo- 
luit, Crassorum inventus est dissimil- 
limus: Cic. Brut. 81, 282: with subj. 
in the oratio obliqua: some say that w. 
he was being bound to the stake Flaccus 
enjoined silence, quidam tradunt dum 
ad palum deligatur silentium fieri Flac- 
cum jussisse, Liv. 26, 16: also with 
subj. in directa or., chiefly in the poets; 
the maiden, w. she was flying, saw not 
the snake, puella, dum fugeret, non vidit 
hydrum, Virg. G. 4, 457: also with subj. 
if while is nearly the same as until, and 
has any idea of purpose: wait a little, 
w. he sleeps out his first sleep, paullisper 
mane, dum edormiscat unum somnum, 
Pi. Am. 2, 2, 64. 9, donec (as long 
as: it has the same construction as 
dum: v. Lat. Gr. § 499): w. I was 
pleasing to you, donec gratus eram tibi, 
Hor. Od. 3, 9, I. 3. quum (when, 
whereas): w. I was at Athens I fre- 
quently heard Zeno, Zenonem, quum 
Athenis essem, audiebam frequenter, 





Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 59: and w. friend- | 


ship has many advantages, this is the 
chief of all, quumque amicitia pluri- 
mas contineat commoditates, tum illa 
praestat omnibus, id. Am. 7, 23. While 
with the English participle is not ex- 
pressed in Latin: JI dictated this w. 
walking, haec dictavi ambuluans, Cic. 
while, while away (v.): Phr.: 
to w. away the time, the hours, tempus, 
horas fallere: meantime they w. away 
the intervening hours with converse, 
interea medias fallunt sermonibns horas, 
Ov. M. 8, 652. Fallere is to beguile: 
perk. to while away should be to wile 
away: if simply to pass the time, then 
use tempus terere, degere: v. TO PASS. 
whilom; Olim, quondam, antea: v. 
FORMERLY. 
whim: 1, libido, inis, f.: tt 
depends on the will, not to say the 
w. of another, positum est in alterius 
voluntate, ne dicam libidine, Cic. Fam. 
Onell Sz 9, arbitrium: they mould 
themselves entirely according to their w. 
and pleasure, ad eorum arbitrium et 
nutum totos se fingunt, Cie Or. 8, 24. 
3. impétus, is (sudden impulse) : 
rather from w. than discretion, im- 
petu magis quam consilio, Liv. 42. 29. 
Phr.: full of w.s and fancies: *in- 
constantiae levitatisque plenus. 
whimper: vagio, 4: v. TO CRY. 
whimpering: vagitus, is: v. CRY. 
whimsical : 1, lévis, e (fickle, 
shifting): w. and untrustworthy men, 
homines leves atque fallaces, Cic. Am. 
25, 91. 9. mobilis, e: the Gauls are 
w. in adopting plans, Galli sunt mobiles 
m consiliis capiendis, Caes. B. G. 4, 5. 
8. insdlens (jull of surprises, ca- 
pricious) : fortune never weary of play- 
ing her w. game, fortuna ludum insolen- 
tem ludere pertinax, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 50. 
4, ridictilus (funny): O what a 
946 


WHIRLIGIG 


w. and droll thing ! O rem ridiculam et 
jocosam! Cat. 56, 1. Phr.: a w. and 
| fickle mind, inconstantia mutabilitasque 
| mentis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 16. 
whimsically : 1, ex libidine 
(ace. to one’s w. and pleasure): Sall. 
9. *insolenter (capriciously): Vv. 
WHIMSICAL. 

whine (v.): Phr.: tow. piteously, 
* miserabiliter vagire (Georg.) : another 
(beggar) w.s in concert, let me too have 
a slice, succinit alter, et mibi findetur 
quadra, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 49. 

whine (swbs.): perh. *cantus (a 
drawl, sing-song): there is no exact 
word for the nasal utterance implied 
in whine. 

whinny (v.): hinnio, 4: the horse 
| w.s with limbs all shaking, equus con- 
cussis artubus hinnit, Lucr. 5, 1076. 

whinnying (svbs.): hinnitus, us: 
Saturn filled Pelion with his shrill w., 
Saturnus Pelion hinnitu implevit acuto, 
| Virg. G. 3, 94. 

whip (subs.): 1, flagellum (a 
severe w., scourge): the Porcian law did 
away with rods, this merciful man has 
reintroduced w.s, Porcia lex virgas 
amovit, hic misericors flagella retulit, 
Cic. Rab. perd. 4, 12: he cracked his w., 
insonuit flagello, Virg. Aen. 5, 579. 

9, flagrum: u Vestal was scourged 
with a w., caesa est flagro Vestalis, Liv. 
28, HI. 3, sctitica (a lash) : that you 
may not punish one who deserves the w. 
with the cruel scourge, ne scutica dignum 
horribili sectere flagello, Hor. S. 1, 3, 
119. 4, lora n. pl. (w. of thongs): 
the public slaves lashed him with the w., 
servi publici eum loris ceciderunt, Cic. 
Phil. 8, 8, 24. 5, virga (a switch, 
riding-w.): my mule-driver shakes his 
w. and beckons to me, mibi mulio com- 
mota virga annuit, Juv. 3, 317. 6. 
verber, éris, n. (@ w. actually in use): 
they press on with platted w., illi instant 
verbere torto, Virg. G. 3, 106. 

whip (v.): |. To strike with a 
Tash. j, flagello, 1: he wd his 
quaestor, quaestorem suum flagella- 
vit, Suet. Cal. 26. Q. verbéro, 1: 
he who unjustly w.s a slave, qui servum 
injuria verberat, Cic. Fin. 4, 27,76. II. 
To sew slightly: léviter suo: v. SEW. 
Phr.: w.'d to death, flagellis ad mortem 
caesus, Hor. S. 1, 2, 41: J am driven 
like a top by the lash, which a boy w.s 
round, agor ut verbere turbo quem 
versat puer, Tib. 1, 5, 4: w.d by the 
triumvir’s lash, sectus flagellis trium- 
viralibus, Hor. Epod. 4, 11. 

— -out: Phr.: drink, piper; 
come, w. your pipe out of your mouth, 
bibe tibicen; age, eripe ex ore tibias, PL. 
Stich. 5, 4, 36. 

whirl (swbs.): 1, turbo, inis, m. : 
the w. (rotation) of the heavens, turbo 
caeli, Lucr. 5, 623: the mighty w. (of a 
weapon thrown), immanis turbo (con- 
torti teli), Virg. Aen. 6, 594° the spindle 
balanced with its round w. (or whorl), 
libratum tereti turbine fusum, Cat. 64, 
R15 9. vortex, icis, m. (vertex): a 
torrent with eddying w., torto vortice 
torrens, Virg. Aen. 7, 567: a w. of 
duties, v. officiorum, Sen. 3, vertigo, 
inis, f.: the heaven is swept round in 
ceaseless w., assidua rapitur vertigine 
eaelum, Ov. M. 2, 70. 4, verticillus. 
the w. of a spindle: Plin. 

whirl (v.): |. Trans.: 1, tor- 
queo, rsi, tum, 2: to w. the thongs of the 
sling, torquere verbera fundae, Virg. G. 
I,3cg. Q, contorqueo: Eridanus w.ing 
forests in his furious eddy, insano con- 
torquens vortice silvas Eridanus, Virg. 
G. 1, 481: that the sphere may w. round 
with velocity, ut globus celeritate con- 
torqueatur, Cic. N. 1). 1, 10, 24. : 
roto, 1: hew.s him through the air like 
a sling, per auras more rotat fundae, 
Ov. M. 4, 517: a w.ing tornado, rotans 
turbo, Lucr. 1, 295. ||, Intraus.: 
torqueor Cic.: rotor: Ov.: *in orbem, 
in gyrum agi, circimagi, moveri, ferri, 
(Kr). 

whirligig:; perh. turbo, inis, m. (lit. 
top, hence anything that has the whirl- 





WHISTLE 





ing motion of a top: v Smith’s Lat. Dict, 
s. v. turbo). 

whirling: contortio : a w.ing round 
of the right hand, contortio dexterae, 
Auct. Her. 4, 19, 26. 

whirlpool : 1, vortex, icis, m. 
so that the waters circling round are 
sucked in and make @ w., ut circum- 
latae aquae in se sorbeantur et vorticem 
efficiant, Sen. Q. N. 5, 13. 2. gurges, 
itis, m. (a strong eddy ; chiefly poet.): 
herve turbid with mud and of yawning 
depth a w. boils, turbidus hic coeno 
vastaque voragine gurges aestuat, Virg. 
Aen. 6, 296. 3. vorago, inis, 7. (a 
devouring gulf): the horse sunk wm the 
w.s, submersus equus voraginibus, Cic. 
Div. 1, 33, 13. 

whirlwind: _ 1. turbo, inis, m.: 
wind driven round and circling round 
the same place is @ w., ventus circum- 
actus et eundem ambiens locum turbo 
est, Sen. Q. N. 5, 13: J who amid w.s 
and waves had steered the ship of the 
state, qui in turbinibus ac fluctibus rei 
publicae navem gubernassem, Cic. Pis. 
g, 20. 9. vortex, icis, m.: they were 
swept round and beaten down by the w., 
vortice intorti affligebantur, Liv. 21, 58. 

3. prester, éris,m.: what the Greeks 

called fiery w.s from their nature, pres- 
teras Graii quos ab re nominitarunt, 
Lucr. 6, 423: a“ prester” is @ fiery W., 
prester igneus est turbo, Sen. Q. N. 5, 
13. 
whirr (subs.): stridor (the nearest 
word, but it implies whizzing sound as 
well): the w. of wings, stridor pennar- 
um, Plin. 11, 29, 35. 

whirr (v.): strideo, di, 2: with w.ing 
wings, stridentibus alis, Virg. Aen. 1, 


397- 

whisk (subs.): a light brush: sco- 
piila: Cato: Col. 

whisk (v.): Phr.: to w. or brush 
off, * everrere, exctitere: to w. about (to 
move quickly about), * circumvolitare. 

whiskers: no exact word: w.’d 
cheeks, hirsutae genae, Mart. 6, 52, 4. 

whiskey : * aqua vitae. 

whisper (suwbs.) : stisurrus : be open ; 
Twill have no low murmur or w., palam 
age, nolo ego murmurillum neque su- 
surrum fieri, Pl. Rud. §, 3, 48: the hedge 
shall with gentle w. (of bees) oft invite 
sleep, sepes saepe levi somnos suadebit 
inire susurro, Virg. E, 1, 56: to hear 
gentle w.s., blandos audire susurros, Prop. 
I, IL, 13: gentle w.s, lenes susurri, Hor 
Od. 1, 9, 19. 

whisper (”.): 1, stisurro, 1: the 
breeze of the w.ing wind, aura susur- 
rantis venti, Virg. Cul. 154: I hear it 
w.'d tiat she is an Athenian citizen, su- 
surrari audio civem Atticam esse hance, 
Ter. Andr. 4, 4, 40. Q. iusiisurro, 1. 
to w. to another, insusurrare alteri, Cic. 
Tusc. 5, 36, 103: to w. into the ears, in- 
susurrare in aures, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, 13. 
Phr.: to w. something or another to the 
slave, in aurem dicere nescio quid puero, 
Hor. 8. 1, 9, 9- 

whisperer: susurrator: only ws 
come, susurratores dumtaxat veniunt, 
Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4. 

whispering (suwbs.): stsurrus: Y. 
WHISPER. 

(adj.); stisurrus: @ w, tongue, 

susurra lingua, Ov. M. 7, 825. 

whist (subs.): *lusus chartarum 
qui nominatur “ whist.” 

whist (intery.) : st, tace: Plaut.: Ter. 

whistle (subs.): |, The sound : 
Vv. WHISTLING. Il. Zhe instrument : 
* fistula. 

whistle(v.): |, Intrans.: 1, 
sibilo, 1: lest the wind may w. (throug. 
the ropes), ne sibilet aura, Luc. 2, 698 = 
the crealcing ropes w., stridor rudentum 
sibilat, Sil. 17, 258: sibilo seems rathe: 
of a hissing than of a clear flute-like w 

9. strideo, 2; strido, 3 (af the wind): 
the woods w. (with the wind), stridunt 
silvae, Virg. Aen. 2, 418. Phr.: tow. 
to any one to come, * sibilo aliquem pro- 
vocare (KXr.). Il. Trans.: Phr.: & 
w. a tune, *fistulato ore modos ex~- 
primere, canere, 


WHISTLING 


whistling (svbs.): 1, sibilus (pl. albida spuma, Ov. M. 3, 74. ede 


in the poets sibila, orumi, n.): to give a 
sign by w., sibilo signum dare, Liv. 25, 
8: the w. of the coming south-west wind, 
venientis sibilus Austri, Virg. E. 5, 82: 
shepherd’s w.s ( pipings), pastoria sibila, 
Ov. M. 13, 785. 9. stridor, Gris (of 
the wind): the w. of the storm, stridor 
procellae, Prop. 3, 7, 47- 

whistling (24j.): 1, sibilus: Virg. 

2. stridens (of the wind): v. TO 

WHISTLE (II1.). 

whit: -hr.: Sisyphus turns a 
stone and advances not a w., Sisyphus 
versat saxum neque proficit hilum, Poet. 
Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10: not a w. better, ni- 
hilo melius, Cic.: every w. as good, om- 
nino, oni ex parte par: Vv. ALTO- 
GETHER. 

white (adj.): 1, albus (dead white, 
opp. to ater): Democritus could not 
distinguish things w. and black, Demo- 
critus alba et atra discernere non pote- 
rat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114: w. horses, a. 
equi, Virg. G. 3,82: aw. paleness blanches 
his cheek, ora pallor albus inficit, Hor. 
Ep. 7, 15: pedibus albis, with w. 
(chalked) feet, Juv. 1, 111. 2. can- 
didus (glistening w. opp. to niger): w.er 
than swans, candidior cygnis, Virg. E. 7, 
38: w. lilies, c. lilia, Prop. 1, 20, 38: 
Soracte w, with snow, Suracte nive can- 
didum, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 1. 3. canus 
(hoary): w. waves, cani fluctus, Lucr. 2, 
767: w. hairs, c. capilli, Hor. Od. 2, 11, 
15: w. rime, cana pruina, ib. 1, 4, 4. 

4, niveus (snowy): garments w. as 

snow, nivea vestis, Ov. M. 10, 432. 
Phr.: to be w., albére, albicare, can- 
aére, canére (acc. to kind of whiteness) : 
the plains are w. with bones, campi 
ossibus albent, Virg. Aen. 12, 36: the 
meadows are w. with hoar-frost, prata 
albicant pruinis, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 4: the 
ivory is w., candet ebur, Cat. 64,45: while 
the is w., dum gramina canent, 
Virg. G. 3, 325: the iron glows w. in the 
jive, ferrum candescit in igni, Lucr. 1, 


if 
ite bait: *clupea lutulus. 

—— -lead: cerussa: Plin. 

—— -swelling: *hydarthrus: Med. 

—-thorn: *onopardium acantk- 
ium: Bot. 

—— -vitriol: *sulpbas zinci. 

white (subs.): 1, album: spotted 
with w., maculis insignis et albo, Virg. 
G. 3,56: thew. of an egg, album ovi, 
Cels.: of an eye, a. oculi, Cels. 2h 
candor: the w. of an egg, ¢. ovi, Plin. 

whiten: |. Trans.: ib 
dealbo, 1: those columns which you see 
w.d, illae columnae quas dealbatas 
videtis, Cic. Verr. 1, 55, 145. 2. 
candéfacio, feci, factum, 3: fo w. ivory, 
c. ebur, Pl. Most. 1, 3, 102. Il. 
Intrans.: 1, albesco, 3: the sea 
w.s, mare albescit, Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 105. 

9. canesco, 3: the sea w.s beneath 

the oars, canescunt aequora remis, Ov. 
H. 3, 65. 

whiteness: 1, albitiido, inis, f.: 
w. of the head, capitis albitudo, Pl. Trin. 
4, 2, 32. 9, candor: dazzling w., 
splendidissimus candor, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: 
V. WHITE (subs.). 

whitewash (subs.): albarium: 

itr. 


whitewash (v.): dealbo, 1: to 
whitewash two walls from the same pot, 
duo parietes de eadem fidelia dealbare, 
Cur. Cic. Fam. 7, 29, 2. Phr.: he con- 
tracted for w.ing the columns, columnas 
poliendas albo locavit, Liv. 40, 51. 

whither: |, Interrogative: 1, 

uo: w. are you rushing ? quo ruitis ? 

or.: w. in the world? quo terrarum, 
quo gentium? Pl. 2. quorsum: J 
know not w. I am going, nescio quor- 
sum eam, Ter. ||. Relative: quo: 
he will go w. you wish, who has lost his 
purse, ibit eo quo vis qui zonam perdi- 
dit, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 40. 

whithersoever : 

whi : I 
merlangus: Linn. 
*calx, calcis, f. 

whitish: 





quocunque: Cic. 
The fish: * gadus 
Il. A soft chalk : 


1, albidus: w. foam, 





WHOLE 


WHY 





siib- 
albus: Varr. 3, siibalbidus: Plin. 
4, succandidus: Plin. 
whitlow: pairdn¥chia (and parony- 
chium)- Plin. 

Whitsunday: *dies primus Pente- 
costes. 

Whitsuntide: Pentécoste (= wer- | 
mmxoam, the fiftieth day after Easter) : 
Eccl.: dies festi Pentecostes: Eccl. : 
pentecostalis (adj.): Kecl.: Whitsuntide 
holidays, feriae pentecostales (Rubnk. 
e Kr.). 

whiz: strideo, di, 2: a whizzing 
a row, stridens sagitta, Virg. Aen. 12, 
319. 

whizzing (svbs.): stridor: the w. of 
wings, stridor pennarum, Plin. 11, 29, 
35. 

whizzing (a4j.): stridiilus: the w. 
cornel-spear sounds, sonitum dat nal | 
dula cornus, Virg. Aen. 12, 267. 

who: |. Interrogative : 1.| 
quis: whois the man? quis homo ’st? 
Ter.: veflect who is said to have de-| 
Jrauded whom? considera quis quem 
fraudasse dicatur, Cic. 2. quisnam : 
in emphatic or lively questions: PL: 
Ter., etc. _—fJ, Relative: qui. 

whoever: 1, quicunque: who- 
ever he is, I profess myself his enemy, 
quicunque is est, ei me profiteor inimi- 
cum, Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 3. 2, quisquis: 
he who shall strike an enemy shall be to 
me a Carthaginian, whoever he shall be, 
hostem qui feriet mihi erit Carthagi- | 
niensis, quisquis erit, Enn. ap. Cic. Balb. | 
22, 51: V. WHATEVER. 

whole (adj.): 1, totus: the w. 
state, tota respublica, Cic. Mil. 23, 61: 
they marched uninterruptedly through 
the w. night, tota nocte continenter 
ierunit, Caes. B. G. 1, 26: tf you came out 
w.and unhurt, si totus et integer exieras, 
Pers. 5,173. 2. omnis, e (all): the w. 
heaven, earth, and sea, omne caelum 
totaque cum universo mari terra, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 34, 112: the w. island, omnis in- 
sula, Caes. B. G. 5,13. 3, cunctus (all | 
collectively) : the w. senate and people, | 
cunctus senatus populusque, Liv. 9, 6: 
the w. world, c. terrarum orbis, Virg. Aen. 
1,233. 4, aniversus: heis beloved by 
the w. province and by each separate 
part of it, ab universa provincia genera- 
timque a singulis ejus partibus diligitur, 
Cic. Verr. 2, 69, 168. 5, intéger (un- 
impaired): the lower part of the piles 
remained w., pars inferior sublicarum 
integra remanebat, Caes. B. G. 7, 35: w. 
and uninjured in every respect, omnibus 
rebus integri incolumesque, Cic. Fam. 
13, 4, 3. 6, sanus (sound): w. and 
sound, sanus recteque valens, Hor. Ep. 
1, 16, 21: if he were made w. by that 
medicine, si eo medicamento sanus 
factus sit, Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92. 7, soli- 
dus (complete): to receive the w. pay for 
half the year’s service, militia semestri 
solidum stipendium accipere, Liv. 5, 4: 
some days are wanting to the w. year, 
desunt dies solido anno, Liv. 1, 19. 

whole (subs.): 1, totum: the w. 
depends on this, totum in eo est, Cic. 
Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1: upon the w., in toto, id. 
Att. 13, 20, 4. 2. wniversitas (the w. 
opp. to the parts): the w. of the human 
race, universitas generis humani, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 65, 164: I pronownce at once 
upon the w., the parts I will test by a 
reading, jam nune de universitate pro- 
nuntio, de partibus experiar legendo, 
Plin. Ep. 3, 15. 3, universum: the 
Jirst elements of mind which are in this 
same w. (universe) he calls gods, principia 
mentis quae sunt in eodem universo 
deos esse dicit, Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120: not 
singly, but as a w., non nominatim, sed 
in universum, Liv. 9, 26, med. 4. 
summa (the w. amount): nothing shail 
be taken from the w., de summa nil de- 
cedet, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 30: on the w., ad 
summam, Cic. 5, omnia (all the 
parts): the w. ds on this, in eo 
sunt omnia, Cic. Fam. 15, (4, 5. The 
w. of may also be expressed by adj.: 
the w. of the land, tota terra: v. 
WHOLE (adj.). Phr.: upon the w. 











(all things considered), *omnibus per 
pensis. 

_wholesale : mMercatira magna, mer- 
catira magna et cOpidsa: Phr.: busi- 
ness,if it is retail, is to be deemed mean, 
if w. and extensive, is not so much to be 
censured, mercatura, si tenuis est, sordida 
putanda est, sin magna et copiosa non 
est admodum vituperanda, Cic. Off. 1, 
42, 151: locarry om aw. business, mag- 
nam mercaturam facere, Cic. (e Kr.) : 
Caesar sold the booty of that town w. 
(in one lot), Caesar sectionem ejus oppidi 
universam vendidit, Caes. B. G. 2, 33. 
A w. dealer: 1, qui magnam facit 
mercaturam: Cic. Q, mercator (as opp. 
to caupo): Cic. 3, “negotiator mag- 
narius, App. Fig.: by w.: acervatim, 
indiscrete, nullo discrimine: vy. DNDIS- 
CRIMINATELY. 


wholesome: 1, salitaris, e: w. 


| and vital warmth, salutaris et vitalis 


calor, Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 27: reason fatal 
to many, w. for very few, ratio multis 
pestifera, admodum paucis s., ib. 3, 27, 
69: a w. herb, herba salutaris, Plin. 
2. salubris, e (more limited to what 
is w. for the body): w. sleep, somni salu 
bres, Virg. G. 3, 530: w. breezes,s. aurae 
Hor. Carm. 8. 31: most w. counsels, salu- 
berrima consilia, Tac. Agr. 21. 
wholly: ], omnino: either w. or 
in great part, aut omnino, aut magna 
ex parte, Cic. Tusc.1,1,1. 2, plane- 
he is w. without comnum sense, communi 
sensu plane caret, Hor. S. 1, 3, 66. 3. 
prorsus (absolutely, decidedly): I am 
w. of that opinion, ita prorsus existimo, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 14. 4, ex toto: nor 
yet can you w.abandon them, nec tamen 
ex toto deserere illa potes, Ov. Font. 4, 
8, 72. Or expr. by ex omni parte, omni 
ratione, etc. : v. ALTOGETHER, ENTIRELY. 
Phr.: that is w. false, falsum est id 
totum, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28: a@ man w. 
made up of deceit and lies, totus ex 
fraude et mendacio factus, id. Clu. 26, 
72: w.wrapt up in those trifles, totus 
in illis (nugis), Hor. S.1, 9,2. Wholly 
may also be expr. by per in compounds, 
or by the superlative degree ot adjj. 
whoop: iUlilatus, tis: they raise a 
w., tollunt ululatum, Caes. B. G. 5, 37: 
V. SHOUT, WAR-CRY. 
whore (subs.): méretrix, scortum, 
prostibulum: v. PROSTITUTE. 
whore (v.): scortor, 1: PL: Ter. 
whoredom: Puir.: to commit w 
(of men): scortari, stupra facere: h. 
had committed w. with Fulvia, erat ei 
cum Fulvia stupri consuetudo, Sall. C. 
23: of women: pudicitiam prostituere, 
Suet.: corpus publicare, P’l.: vulgare, 
Liv. : meretricium facere, Suet. 
whoremonger : 1, scortator: 
1.: Hor. 9, stuprator (ravisher): 
Quint. : Suet. 


whorish: 1. meretricius: 
life, m. vita, Cic. Coel. 20, 49. 
libidinosus (lustful): Cic. 3 
dicus (immodest): Cic. 

whortle-berry: vaccinum: Plin.: 
vaccinium myrtillus: Linn. 

whose (adj.): ciijus: w. girl ts it, 
virgo cuja ’st, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 29: w. 
cattle ? cujum pecus? Virg. E. 3, 1. 

why (interr.): 1, cur: why does 
he love? cur amat? Ter.: what ts the 
reason why he is not afraid? quid est 
causae cur non is pertimescat? Cic. 2, 
quid: why do 1 argue? quid ego argu- 
mentor? Cic.: say why you have come, 
eloquere quid venisti, PL 3. quare: 
why did you deny it? quare negasti? 
Cic.: 1 do not know why, nescio quare, 
Cic. 4, quamobrem: I think you a 
rascal. Why, pray? Scelestissimum te 
arbitror. Nam quamobrem? PI.: to what 
end? why? for what cause? quem ad 
finem? quamobrem/? quam ob causam ? 
Cic.: v. WHEREFORE. Phr.: why not ? 
quidni? Ter.: Cic.: why do we not mount 
our horses ? quin conscendimus equos? 
Liv. 1, 57- 

why (interj.): no one word for it in 
all cases: in interrogations expr. by nam, 
either subjoined to a oun or at the 
beginning: why what kind of a dream 

947 


w. 


2 


impu- 


WicK 


WIFE 





is that of Tarquinius Superbus? cujus- 
nam modi est Superbi Targuinii som- 
nium? Cic. Div. 1, 22, 43: why what am 
I doing ? nam quid ago? Virg. Aen. 12, 
637: in wondering assertions by at: 
what is the question? whether the thing 
was done? wiy thai is certain, quid 
quaerendum est? factumne sit? at con- 
stat, Cic. Mil. 6, 15 : or by immo (nay) : 
is not then the cause good? why it is 
most excellent, causa igitur non bona est ? 
immo optima, id. Att. 9, 7, 4 Phy; 
why yes; enim, enimvero: your wife 
said you called me. St. Why yes, I did 
order you to be called, te uxor aiebat 
tua me vocare. St. Ego enim vocari 
jussi, Pl. Casin. 2, 4, 2- do you indeed 
say so? So. Why yes I do, ain’ vero? 
So. aio enimvero, Pi. Am. 1, 1, 188. 

wick: 1. ellycbnium: Plin. 2, 
filum (thread): a candle whose w. I trim 
and husband, candela cujus dispenso et 
tempero filum, Juv. 3, 287: rush w.s, 
scirpea fila, Prud. 

wicked: 1. scélestus: a w., atro- 
cious, and abominable crime, res sce- 
lesta, atrox, netaria, Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 
62: Ow. and audacious villain, O sce- 
lestum atque audacem hominem, Ter. 
Eun. 4, 4, 41. 9, scélératus: a w., 
guilty, and criminal man, vir sceleratus, 
facinorosus, nefarius, Cic. Rep. 3, 17, 


| volentia late longeque diffusa, Cic. Leg. 
I, 12, 34: the art is of w. extent, ars late 
patet, id. Or. 1, 55, 235: a mistake spread 
far and w., error longe lateque diffusus, 
id. Fin. 2, 74, 115: that ow words may 
not be w. of our mark, ne ab eo quod 
propositum est aberret oratio, id. Caecin. 
19, 55- 

wide-spreading: patilus: a w. 
beech, patula fagus, Virg. EK. 1, 1: @ 
plane-tree with w. boughs, platanus 
patulis diffusa ramis, Cic. de Or. 1, 
my zos 

widely: 1, late: that they might 
wander less w., ut minus late vaga- 
rentur, Caes. B. G. 1, 2: @ people w. 
reigning, populus late rex, Virg. Aen. 1, 
21. Q, spatidse: incompar.: more w., 
spatiosius, Ov. Am. 3 6, 85. 8, laxe: 
in superl.: the planet Mercury wanders 
most w., Mercurii stella laxissime va- 
gatnr, Plin. 2, 16, 13. 

widen: 1, dilato,1: tow.a camp, 
dilatare castra, Liv. 27,46. 2. extendo, 
di, tum, 3: he bade the plains w., the 
valleys sink, jussit et extendi campos, 
subsidere valles, Ov. M. 1, 43. 3. 
laxo, 1: that we might w. the forum, ut 


4, amplifico, 1: the city seemed to 
need w.ing, urbs amplificanda visa est, 


27: the w. madness of war, scelerata | Liv. 1, 44 


insania belli, Virg. Aen. 7, 461. o: 
néfarius (impious): w. vows, n. vota, 
Cic. Clu. 68, 194. 4, malus (opp. to 
bonus): a w. and worthless man, malus 
et nequam homo, Pl. Ps. 4, 7, I. 5. 
pravus (vicious, in the wrong direction, 
opp. to rectus): w. advisers, pravi im- 
pulsores, Tac. H. 4, 638. 6, impius 
(unnatural) : men w. and crime-stained, 
impii et conscelerati, Cic. Pis. 20, 46: 
criminal and w. deeds, scelerata atque 
impia facta, Lucr. 1, 84. _'7, improbus 
(opp. to probus, against what is honest 
and upright): worthless and w., nequam 
et improbus, Cie. Deiot. 7, 21: Vv. BAD, 
CRIMINAL, 

wickedly: 1. scéleste: Liv. 2, 
scélérate: Cic. 3, néfarie: Cic. 4, 
impie: Cic. 5, improbe: Cic. 

wickedness: 1. scélus, éris, n.: 
abominable w., detestabile scelus, Cic. 
Am. 8, 27: on one side contends duty, 
on the other w., hinc pietas, illine scelus, 
id. Cut. 2, 11,25. 2. néfas (sin against 
divine law): they all dared monstrous 
w., ausi omnes immane nefas, Virg. Aen. 
6, 624. 3, flagitium (shameful act): 
to leave no crime, no w. undone, nibil 
facinoris, nihil flagitii praetermittere, 
Liv. 39, 13. 4, impiétas: w. and 
crime, impietas et scelus, Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 
46. 5, imprébitas: w. and perverse- 
ness, improbitas perversitasque, Cic. Q. 
Fr. 1, 1, 33, 38. Phr.: tocommit an 
act of shameful w., aliquid nefarie fla- 
gitioseque facere, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 13, 
37; aliquid impie nefarieque commit- 
tere, ib. 1, 2,6 

wicker: 1, vimineus : 27. covers, 
viminea tegumenta, Caes. B. C. 3, 63 
w, hurdlework, vimineae crates, Virg G. 
I, 95- Q. craticius (wattled) : Vitr. 

8. craticiilus: Cato. Phr.: hurdles 

of w.-work, textae crates, Hor. Ep. 2, 
45: w.-worlk shields, scuta viminibus in- 
texta, Caes. B. G. 2, 33. 

wide: 


wider than fifty fect, palus non latior 
pedibus quinquaginta, Caes. B. G 4, 19: 
it is of wider extent than is here set forth, 
latius patet quam hic exponitur, Cic. Inv. 
1, 46, 86. 2, amplus (roomy): the w. 
porch, amplae porticus, Virg. Aen. 3, 353- 

3. spatiOsus: the w. sea, spatiosum 
aequor, Plin.4,1,1. 4, pattilus (open): 
the w. world, patulus mundus, Lucr. 6, 
108. 5, patens: w. plains, campi 
patentes, Liv. 21, 47: the w. and open 
heaven, caelum patens atque apertum, 
Cic. Div. 1, I, 2. 
angustus) : a w. (open) door, laxa janua, 


Ov. Am. 1, 8,77: where there was wider 
scope for negligence, in quo negligentiae 
laxior focus esset, Liv. 24, 8. Phr.: 


48 


1, latus: a w. ditch, lata 
fossa, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59: @ marsh not | 2: 


G. laxus (opp. to 


width: 1, latitido, inis, f.: the 
w. of a ditch, \. fossae, Caes. B. G. 2, 12. 
2. amplitido, inis, f. (size): the w. 
between the horns, amplitudo cornuum, 
Caes. B. G. 6, 26. 8, laxitas (wide 
extent): the w.of the sea, laxitas maris, 
Plin. 4, 12, 24. 
widow: Vidua: who was so long a 
w. without her husband, quae tam diu 
viro suo vidua caruit, Pl. Stich. 1, 1, 2. 
Phr.: to become aw., viduam fieri, Cic. : 
in viduitate relinqui, Liv. 40, 4: a w’s 
fund, * aerarium viduis sustinendis, 
alendis, or aerarium viduarum (Kr.): 
w.’s alimony, *pecunia viduae alendae, 
sustinendae data, destinata (Kr.). 
widowed: 1, viduatus: Agrip- 
pina w. by the death of Domitian, Agrip- 
pina viduata morte Domitii, Suet. Galb. 
5: w. of Phoebus’ light, viduatos lumine 
Phoebi, Virg. Cul. 372. 9. viduus: he 
joins the wine to w. trees, vitem viduas 
ducit ad arbores, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 30. 
3. orbus: a w. couch, orbum 
cubile, Cat. 66, 21. 
widower: Viduus vir: to weep when 
a w. deprived of his wife, abducta 
viduum conjuge flere virum, Ov. H. 
8, 86. Phr.: to become a w., viduum 
fieri, amittere uxorem, Cic. (e K1.). 
widowhood : 1, viduitas: <Ae- 
butius who had long been maintained by 
the w. and loneliness of Caesennia, Ae- 
butius qui jamdiu Caesenniae viduitate 
ac solitudine aleretur, Cic. Caec. 5, 13: 
Liv. 9. orbitas: Just. 2, 4. 
wield: J, Lit: 1, tracto, 1: 
to w. weapons, tela tractare, Liv. 7, 32: 
there is no one who w.s manly arms 
with more grace, Virilia speciosius arma 
| non est qui tractet, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 53. 
2. itor, sus, 3, dep.: that he might 
w. arms well, bene ut armis uteretur, 
Cic. Deiot. 10,28. J. Fig.: 1. géro, 
gessi, gestum, 3: that they might w. 
their power, ut potestatem gererent, Cic. 
Verr. 2, §5, 138. 92, t&éneo, ui, ntum, 
Aeolus sits w.ing his sceptre, sedet 
Aeolus sceptra tenens, Virg. Aen. I, 57: 
V. TO USE, TO EMPLOY. 
wife: 1, uxor, Oris: to takeaw., 
uxorem adjungere, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 68: 
has then Antipho taken a w. without my 
consent ? itane tandem uxorem duxit 
Antipho injussu meo? Ter. Phorm. 2, f, 
ie 9, conjux, jigis (a partner): 
wives and children, copjuges ac liberi, 
Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18. 3, marita (mostly 
poet.): chaste wives, castae maritae, Ov. 
F. 2,139. Phr.: if you refuse to take 
a w., si tu negaris ducere, ‘Ter. Andr. 2, 
3, 5: the maiden became the w. of him 
whose w. Caecilia had been, virgo ei 
nupsit cui Caecilia ante nupta fuerat, 
Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104: to give to w., in 








forum laxaremus, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14.! 


WIiLFUL 





benevolence extending far and w., bene- | matrimonium dare, Caes. B. G. 1, 3: for 


other phrases, Vv. TO MARRY. 

wig: 1, capillamentum : disguised 
ina w., capillamento celatus Suet. Cal. 
Il. 2. galtrum: a yellow w. hiding 
her biack hair, nigrum flavo caput ab- 
scondente galero, Juv. 6, 120. 8. gal- 
érictilum : a w. being fitted to his head 
because his hair was thin, galericulo 
capiti propter raritatem capillorum adap- 
tato, Suet. Oth. 12. 4, caliendrum, 
Hor. S. 1, 8, 48. [Nore—A wig was 
sometimes called crines emti, Ov. A. A. 
3, 165: cf. Becker, Gallus, iii., p. 151. ] 

wig-maker: * capillamentorum 
textor (Kr.). 

wild: 1, férus: what various 
kinds of beasts there are, both tame and 
w.., quam varia genera bestiarum vel 
cicurum vel ferarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 
99: a w. goat, f. capra, Virg. Aen. 4, 
150: w. fruits, f. fructus, id. G. 2, 36: 
w. mountains, f. montes, id. E. 5, 28: 
From w. and savage has rendered them 
gentle and civilized, ex feris et imma- 
nibus mites reddidit et mansuetos, Cic. 
InvisTs 723 "23 Q. agrestis, ¢ (of the 
fields as opp. to town): the roots of w. 
palms, radices palmarum agrestium, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 38, 99: @ w. race of men, 
genus hominum agreste, Sall. C. 6. 

3, silvestris, e (of the woods): w. 

cornels, silvestria corna, Hor. S. 2, 2, 


57. 4. ridis, e (rough, unculti- 
vated): w. grass, herba rudis, Mart. 
2, 90. 5, incultus : a w. and wood- 


land way, inculta et silvestris via, Cic. 
Brut. 74, 259. 6, vastus (desolate, 
of places): a mountain w. naturally, 
mons vastus ab natura, Sall. J. 48. 
Fig.: men in their looks and gestures 
w.and uncouth, vultu motuque corporis 
vasti atque agrestes, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 
115. 47, immianis, e (monstrous): an 
enemy savage and w., hostis ferus et 
immanis, Cic. Verr. 2, 21, 51. 8. 
saevus: savage, w., fierce, agrestis, sae- 
vus, truculentus, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 12: Vv. 
FIERCE. 9, insanus (mad): a w.er 
passion, insanior cupiditas, Cic. Verr. 4, 
18, 39. 10, amens: a most w. design, 
amentissimum consilium, Cic. Att. 7, 
10: blind with w. fury, amenti caeca 
furore, Cat. 64, 197. Phr.: the deep 
lairs of w.-beasts, stabula alta ferarum, 
Virg. Aen. 6, 179: timid w.-asses, 
timidi onagri, Virg. G. 3, 409: @ bristly 
w.-boar, setosus aper, id. “t. 4, 29: @ 
w.-ox, urus, Caes. B. G. 6, 28: w.-thyme, 
serpyllum, Virg. E. 2, 11. 

wilderness : 1, locus désertus, 
also desertum as subs.: Caes.: Virg.: 
Vulg.: v. DESERT. 9. solitido, inis, 
f.: what a w. there was in the Jields, 
what a waste, quae solitudo esset in 
agris, quae vastitas, Cic. Verr. 4, 51, 
114: where they make a w. they call it 
peace, ubi solitudinem faciunt pacem 
appellant, Tac. Agr. 30. 8, vastitas : 
let them not prefer a w. and solitude to 
friendly nations, ne vastitatem ac soli- 
tudinem mallent quam amicos populos, 
Tac. A. 13, 55: into such a w. did he 
turn the Sabine land, tantam vastitatem 
in Sabino agro reddidit, Liv. 3, 26. 
Phr.: land reduced by pestilence to a 
desolate w., genus agrorum propter pes- 
tilentiam vastum atque desertum, Cic. 
Agr. 2, 26, 70. 

wildly ; insane (madly): gen. expr. 
by adj. or noun: he rages w., *furi- 
bundus est, summo furore saevit, in- 
sanit: Phr.: the priestess raves w. 
through the cave, nm antro bacchatur 
vates, Virg. Aen. 6, 78. 

wildness: 1], féritas: in human 
form the w. and savageness of a brute, 
in figura hominis feritas et immanitas 
beluae, Cic. Off. 3, 6, 32. 2, imma- 
nitas: roughness and w. of nature, 
asperitas et immanitas naturae, Cic. Am. 
23, 87. 

wile (subs.): 
ART, DECEIT. 

wile (v.): allicio, décipio: v. TO DE- 


wilful : J, pervicax, acis: that 
he should be of suck a@ w. spirit | adeont 


ars, fraus, dolus: v. 


Sete es an vu eee 


WILFULLY 


itachi 
pervicaci esse animo! Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 
17. 2. pertinax, acis: you will be 
very w.if you persist in this, pertina- 
cissimus fueris si in eo perstiteris, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 33, 107. 8, obstinatus: a 
more w. determination, voluntas obsti- 
natior, Cic. Att. 1, II, 1. 4, con- 
tiimax, acis (stiff-necked): who more 
w.? quis contumacior? Cic. Verr. 2, 78, 
192: for these meanings of wilful, v. 
OBSTINATE. 5, témérarius (head- 
strong, rash): that blind and w. tyrant 
of the mind, passion, caeca ac temeraria 
dominatrix animi cupiditas, Cic. Inv. 1, 
2, 2. Phr.: it is a compulsory, not a 
w. offence, necessitatis crimen est, non 
voluntatis, Cic. Lig. 2, 5. 
wilfully : |, Stubbornly: — 1, 
pervicaciter: Liv. 2, pertinaciter : 
Varr.: v. OBSTINATELY. |, Purposely: 
1, consulto: it is important whether 
the wrong be done under excitement, or 
w. and deliberately, interest utrum per- 
turbatione aliqua animi an consulto et 
cogitate fiat injuria, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27. 
Q. de industria: wrongs which are 
inflicted w. im order to damage, in- 
juriae quae nocendi causa de industria 
inferuntur, Cic. Off. 1, 7, 24. 8. de- 
dita 6péra: to do w., o. d. facere, Cic. de 
Or. 3, 5°, 193. Phr.: w., lenowingly, 
with my eyes open I go to ruin, prudens, 
sciens, vidensque pereo, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 
27: not w.: imprudenter, per impru- 
dentiam : v. UNINTENTIONALLY. 
wilfulness: 1. pervicacia: your 
w. and arrogance, pervicacia tua et 
superbia, Liv. 9, 34, ad fin. 2. per- 
tinacia: w. which is near akin to per- 
severance, pertinacia quae perseveran- 
tiae finitima est, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165. 
8. contiimacia: nor did his inde- 
ce or w. mislead any, nec libertas 
aut contumacia fraudi cniquam fuit, 
Suet. Aug. 54: Vv. OBSTINACY. 4. 
libido, inis, 7. (wantonness): fortune 
ennobles and obscures all things more 
in w. than according to the truth, for- 
tnna res cunctas magis ex libidine quam 
ex vero celebrat obscuratque, Sall. C. 8. 
wilily : astiite, callide, vafre, sub- 
dle: v. ARTFULLY, CUNNINGLY. 
wiliness: |, astitia: owr hope 
lies in this w., est nobis spes in hac 
astutia, Pl. Capt. 2,1, 53. 2, versiitia 
(in plur.): not Carthaginian w. nor 
Greeke cunning, non Punicae versutiae 
nec Graeca calliditas, Liv. 42, 47. x 
calliditas: it is to be colled w. rather 
than wisdom, calliditas potius quem sa- 
pientia est appellanda, Cic, Off. 1, 19, 63: 
V. CUNNING, ARTFULNESS. 
will (subs.): |. The faculty of 
volition, desire, purpose: 1, voluntas: 
that is w. which desires anything with 
reason, voluntas est quae cum ratione 
aliquid desiderat, Cic. ‘usc. 4, 6, 12: 
the decision and w. of the multitude, 
judicium voluntasque multitudinis, Cic. 
Rep. 1, 45, 69: to shew what was his w., 
ostendere quid esset suae voluntatis, 
Caes. B. C. 3. 109: what you seek I will 
grant of my own free w., istuc quod ex- 
petis mea voluntate concedam, Cic. Div. 
inCaecil.9,27. 2, stiidium (good will, 
zeal): what good w., what favour did 
Panurgus bring? quod studium, quem 
favorem secum attulit Panurgus? Cic. 
Rosc. Com. 10, 29: V. INCLINATION, ZEAL. 
8, sententia (w. expressed): as far 
as I understood the old man’s w. about 
the marriage, quantum intellexi senis 
sententiam de nuptiis, Ter. Andr. 1, 3, 2. 
4. consilium (purpose): whether 
by chance, or by the w. of the immortal 
gods, sive casu, sive consilio deorum 
immortalium, Caes. B. G. 1, 12: v. 
PURPOSE, INTENT. 5, libido, inis, 
f. (w. and pleasure): not wont to obey 
even their kings except al their own 
w., ne regibus quidem parere soiiti nisi 
ex libidine, Tac. A. 4, 46. 6, arbi- 
trium: to rede not according to another's 
dictation, but after one’s own w., non 
ad alterius praescriptum sed ad suum 
arbitrinm imperare, Caes. B. G. 1, 36% 
Jupiter’s nod and w., Jovis nutus et 


WIN 


Phr.: you will do it with my good w., 
me lubente facies, Pl. Am. 2, 2, 218: 
I sent him away very much against my 
w., ego eum a me invitissimus dimisi, 
Cic, Fam, 13, 63. Il. Vestament: 1, 
testamentum: to male a w., testa- 
mentum facere, Cic, Mil. 18, 48: to seal 
a w., t. obsignare, Cic. ib.: he will secure 
this by his w., id testamento cavebit, Cic. 
Fin. 2, 31, 102: to have the right of 
making a w., factionem testamenti 
habere, id. Fam. 7, 24: to alter a 
w., testamentum miutare, id. Clu. 11, 
31: lo forge a w., t. subjicere, sup- 
ponere, Cic.: to open (unseal) a w., t. 
resignare, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9. 9, tabiilae 
testamenti (Cic. Fam. 7, 21), or tabillae 
simply: a new w., novae tabulae, Plin. 
Ep. 2, 20, 7 (the context shewing the 
nature of the document). Phr.; the 
use and profits of all his property he 
leaves by w. to Caesennia, usum et fruc- 
‘um omnium bonorum suorum Cae- 
senniae legat, Cic. Caec. 4, 11: to die 
without malcing a w., mori intestato, 
id. de Or. 1, 40, 183: a forger of a w., 
testamentorum subjector, id. Cat. 2, 4, 
1; testamentarius, id. Sest. 17, 39: adop- 
tion by w., t. adoptio, Plin. 

will (v.): |. Yo desire: volo, 
vilui, velle, ir7.: our forefathers w.’d 
it that about all the magistrates you 
should give your votes twice, majores de 
omnibus magistratibus bis vos senten- 
tiam ferre voluerunt, Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26: 
I will do what you w., faciam quod 
vultis, id. Rep. 1, 24, 38. If will has no 
emphasis on it, it is in Latin generally 
expressed by the future tense. Phr.: 
as you w., ut libet, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 16: 
I would (should will) that: velim (of 
things possible), vellem (of impossible) : 
constr. with subj.: Cic.: would that, 
utinam (in earnest prayer): constr. 
subj.: Cic.: Liv.: ete. I]. To leave 
by w.: 1, légo, 1: he w.s a large sum 
to his wife, uxori grandem pecuniam 
legat, Cie. Clu. 12,33. 2, rélinquo, iqui, 
ctum, 3: to w. money to any one, relin- 
quere pecuniam alicui, Quint. §, II. 33. 
willing: J, volens: it is a toil 
to vestrain the w., labor est inhibere vo- 
lentes, Ov. M. 2, 128. 2. libens: 
actions which were praised before so w. 
a senate, res quae tam libenti senatu 
laudarentur, Cic. Att. I, 14, 3. f 
promptus (forward, ready): the mind 
of the Gauls is ready and w. for war, 
animus Gallorum alacer ac p. est ad 
bella, Caes. B. G. 3, 19. 4, paratus: 
which they are w. to do, quod parati 
sunt facere, Cic. Quint. 2,8. 5, fiicilis, 
e (compliant): so may you find the gods 
w. when you pray, sic habeas faciles in 
tua vota deos, Ov. H. 16, 280. 

willingly: 1, libenter: that men 
may hear you w. and eageriy, ut ho- 
mines te libenter studioseque audiant, 
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12,39. 2, prompte: 
more w., promptius (opp. to cunctanter), 
Tac. H.1,55 Pbhr.: w. and with all 
my heart, \ubentissimo corde atque 
animo, P! Ps, 5, 2, 22. 

willingness: 1, voluntas: greater 
w. for preserving the common interests, 
major ad communes fortunas conser- 
vandas voluntas, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 14. Di 
ficilitas: kindness and w., comitas et 
facilitas, id. Mur. 31, 66. 8, stiidium, 
favor: v. ZEAL. Phr.: with w., great 
w., libenter, libentissime: v. WILLINGLY. 

willow: salix, icis, /.: the pliant w., 
lenta salix, Virg. E. 3, 83. Phr.: aw. 
stick, salignus fustis, Hor, S. 1, 5, 22: @ 
bed of w.s, salictum, Cic. Agr. 2, 14, 36. 

wily: 1, vafer: w. in argument, 
in disputando v., Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26. 

9, versiitus: Cic. 8. callidus: 

w.and cunning men, versuti bomines 
ac callidi, Cic. Off. 2,3, 10. 4, astiitus: 
cunning, w., deceitful, artful, shrewd, 
sly, versutns, astutus, fallax, malitiosus, 
callidus, vafer, Cic. Off. 3, 13, 57: V- 
CUNNING. 

wimble; térebra: Cato: Plin. 

in: 1, vinco, vici, victum, 3 (to 


w.in competition) : the Romans had not | rsi, tum, 2: 


WIND 





acie vicisse Romanos 
that side won in the 
to truth, 
vero gra- 


tute neque in 

Caes. B. G. 4, 9: 
senate which preferred favour 
vicit in senatu pars illa quac 
tiam praeferebat, Sall. J. 15: to wa 
trial, vincere judiciv, Cic. Rose. Com. 18, 
53: to w. a bet, sponsione v., id. Quint, 


Q. lucror, 1: they play at dice 
with such heedlessness of winning or 
losing that they will, when all is gone, 
stake their own person, aleatn exercent 
tanta lucrandi perdendive temeritate, 
ut, cum omnia defecerunt, de corpore 
contendant, Tac. G. 24: who returned 
having won a name from conquered 
Africa, qui domita nomen ab Africa 
lucratus rediit, Hor. Od. 4, 8, 19. 3. 
tollo, sustiili, sublatum, 3: he was to w. 
the whole sum who threw the highest 
throw, tollebat universos denarios qui 
Venerem jecerat, Suet. Aug. 91. 4, 
acquiro, quisivi, itum, 3: to w. friends, 
acquirere amicos, Sull. J. 13: v. T0 GET, 
TO GAIN. 5, conséquor, séciitus, 3 
(to attain to): that you may w. the 
highest honours, ut amplissimos honores 
consequare, Cic. Plane. 5, 13. 6. 
asséquor, 3: to w. immortality, immor- 
talitatem assequi, Cic. Plane. 37, go. 
7. concilio, 1 (to make friendly): 
legions which he was intending to w., 
over to himself by money, \eziones quas 
sibi conciliare pecunia cogitabat, Cic. 
Fam. 12, 23, 2: to w. the heart of the 
commons, conciliare animos plebis, Liv. 
Sole 8, allicio, lexi, lectum, 3 (to 
entice): there is nothing which so ws 
and attracts as does similarity of cha- 
racter to friendship, nihil est quod tam 
alliciat et tam attrahat quam ad ami- 
citiam similitudo, Cic. Am. 14, 50. 
Phr.: boasting that he never won more 
at play, glorians nunquam se prosperiore 
alea usum, Suet. Cal. 41. 
wince: Phr.: to w. with sudden 
pain, *prae dolore snbito moveri, com- 
moveri, motum non supprimere: to 
stand without wincing, * stare immotus, 
intrepidus: v. TO SHRINK, TO START. 
winch: siiciila: Cato. 
wind (subs.): |. Lit. and Fig.: 
1, ventns: the air flowing to and 
fro makes w.s, aer effiuens huc et illuc 
ventos efficit, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, tor: the 
sea is agitated by the violence of the w.s, 
mare ventorum vi agitatur atque tur- 
batur, Cic. Clu. 49, 138: the w. rises, 
ventus increbrescit, id. Fam. 7, 20: to 
run before the w., dare vela ventis, 
Nep. Annib. 8: to sail with a side w., 
obliquare sinus velorum ad ventum, 
Virg. Aen. 5, 16: to be wind-bound, 
vento teneri, Caes.: the gods have 
lulled the w.s, Dii stravere ventos, Her. 
Od. 1, 9, 10: to waste words on the 
w.s, ventis verba profundere, Lucr. 4, 
932: having got a favourable w., ven- 
tum nactus secundum, Caes. B. G. 4, 23. 
Q, aura (gentle w., usually): decett- 
Ful w., fallax aura, Hor. Od. 1, 5, 11: 
the canvass rent by the boisterous ws, 
carbasus perscissa petulantibus auris, 
Luer. 6, 111. 8. flamen, inis, n. 
(blast ; poet.): like the rising w.s, when 
they rage in the woods, ceu flamina 
prima cum fremunt silvis, Virg. Aen. 
10, 97. 4, flatus, fis: when we enjoy 
a favourable w. of fortune, we are 
wafted to our wished-for haven, quum 
prospere flatu fortunae utimur, ad exi- 
tus pervehimur optatos, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19. 
Pir.: that I long ago perceived and got 
w. of, id jam pridem sensi et subolebat 
mihi, Pl. Ps.1,5,7- |}. Platdency : q. v. 
Wind (v.): v. TO SCENT. 
wind (».): |, Zo blow (a horn): 
*cornu infiare, sonare: v. TO BLOW, TO 
sounD. |], 7o turn, to turn round 
some object : 1, volvo, vi, titum, 3: 
to w. thread, volvere filam, Varr. L. L. 
4, 23. 9. circumvolvo: a plant that 
w.s itself not only round briavs but 
round trees, herba non solum spinis 
verum etiam arboribus se circumvol- 
vens, Plin. 16, 44, 92. 8. torqueo, 
the snake w.s his scaly 


arbitrium, Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131.1 won by valour or in open field, non vir- | folds in coiling knots, serpens volubi- 


949 


WIND-UP. 


WING 


WINTER 





libus squamosos nexibus orbes torquet, 
Ov. M. 3, 41. 4, gléméro, 1 (fo w. 
into a ball): to w. wool into balls, g. 
lanam in orbes, Ov. M. 6, 19. 5. 
sinuo, 1: they w. in coils their huge 
backs, sinuant (angues) immensa volu- 
mine terga, Virg. Aen. 2, 208: the 
plain w.s irregularly betiveen the river 
Visurgis and the hills, campus medius 
inter Visurgim et colles 
sinuatur, Tac. A. 2, 16. 6. insinuo, 
1 (to w. into): when they had wound 
their way into the squadrons of cavalry, 
quum se inter equitum turmas insi- 
nuaverunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 33: you must 
retrace your steps by the same path 
by which you wound your way in, 
eadem qua te insinuaveris retro via re- 
petenda est, Liv. 9, 2. 7. sustollo (fo 
raise by wing up): a machine w.s up 
with slight effort many things of great 


weight by pulleys and wheels, multa per | 


trochleas et tympana pondere magno 
levi sustollit machina nisu, Lucr. 4, 906. 
wind-up: Phr.: to w.-up one’s af- 
jairs, res domesticas ac familiares in 
ordinem redigere, cf. Auct. Her. 3, 9, 
116: tow.-up a clock, *zorologium inten- 
dere: £0 w,-up @ speech, orationem con- 
cludere, absolvere (R. and A.). 
winded; anhélans (panting). Phr.: 
don’t you see that I am quite w. with 
running ? non vides me ex cursura anhe- 
litum etiam ducere? Pl. As. 2, 2, 61. 
windfall: Fig.: unexpected profit: 
*jucrum, lucellum insperatum. 
winding (swbs.): sinus, ts, flexus, 
iis: Vv. CURVE, BEND. 

winding (@dj.): 1, flexudsus: 
aw, way, flexuosum iter, Cic. N. D. 2, 
57, 144. 9, sinudsus: Maeander w. 
in curves, Maeander flexibus sinuosus, 
Plin. 5,29, 31. 8, tortudsus: from w. 
and closed passages fuller sounds come, 
ex tortuosis locis et inclusis soni re- 
feruntur ampliores, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144. 
Phr.: the waters of Adria washing Cala- 
bria’s w.ing Lays, freta Adriae curvantis 
Calabros sinus, Hor. Od, 1, 33, 16. 

— -sheet: *tunica funebris: *ves- 
timentum funebre: * vestis funebris or 
feralis. 

windlass: 1, ergita, m.: Vitr. 

9, sucitla: Cato R.R. 3. troch- 
leae (pulleys) : Vitr.: v. CRANE, 

windmill; mola venti: Cod. Just. 2, 
42, 10 (e Kr.); *mola vento versatilis, 
mola aeria (after mola aquaria, water- 
mill). 

window: 1, fénestra (an opening 
for light and air, closed by shutters): 
the moon entered the w.s with double 
shuéter's, bifores intrabat luna fenestras, 
Ov. Pont. 3, 3, 5: the closed w.s, junctae 
fenestrae, Hor. Od. 1, 25,1: v. Smith’s 
Ant. p. 500. 9. spécilare (a w. 
glazed with lapis specularis: v. ibid.): 
the w.s admit the clear rays of the sun, 
specularia puros admittunt soles, Mart. 
8, 14, 3. [Nore—Glass-windows, fe- 
nestrae vitreae, are first mentioned by 
Jerome in the 4th century of our era.] 
Phr.: to furnish with w.s, fenestrare, 
Plin.: w.-pane, * vitrum fenestrae, spe- 
culare: v. above. 

——  -frame: *margo ligneus fenes- 
trarum (Kr.). 


——_ -shutters: 1. foricitlae: 
Warr, R.Br) 150, 9, laminaria, 
jum: broad w.-shutters, |. lata, Cato 


RK. R. 14: cf. Cic. Att. 15, 26, 4. 

—— -tax: tributum in singulas fe- 
nestras impositum, after Caes. B.C. 3, 
32 (e Kr.). 

windpipe: 1, artéria aspéra: 
the w., for so the doctors call it, has an 
opening near the root of the tongue, as- 
pera arteria, sic enim a medicis appel- 
latur, ostium habet adjunctum linguae 
radicibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136. f 
arteriae, arum : the w. becomes rested by 
silence, arteriae reticendo acquiescunt, 
Auct. Her. 3,12,21. 3, canalis animae 
{passage for the breath); Plin. 

windward: Phr.: the w. side, 
pars ad ventum conversa, obversa (cf. 
spelunca conversa ad Aquilonem, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 48, 107). 

G50 





| 11, 728. 
| *vehemens flat, coortus est hodie ventus 


inaequaliter | 








windy: ventdsus: a w. day, divs 
ventosus, Quint.: w. weather, caelum 
ventosum, aer ventosus, Plin.; the w. 
Alps, ventosae Alpes: Ov. Am. 2, 16, 19 
w. Jame (fig.), ventosa gloria, Virg. Aen. 
Phr.: i ts very w. to-day, 


(Kr.). 
wine: ], vinum: red, dark-co- 
loured w., V. rubrum, atrum, nigrum, 


| Plin. : white, light-coloured w., v. album, 


Plin.; candidum, Pall.: new w., Vv. 
novum, Cic.; recens, Plin.: old w., 
v. vetus, Cic.: dry w., v. austerum, Cels. : 
sweet w., v. dulce, Cic.: fine w., v. bo- 
num, Sen.; generosum, Plin.: weak w., 
v. nullarum virium, Cels.; imbecillum, 
Plin.: the w. becomes sour, Vv. acescit, 
Col.: the w. is sour, v. acet, Cato: it is 
not every w. that grows sour by age. non 
omne vinum vetustate coacescit, Lic. Sen. 
18, 65: to wash away cares with sweet 
w., dulci mala vino lavere, Hor. Od. 3, 
12, 2: on the wines of antiquity, v. 
Smith’s Ant. 1201. Phr.: to drink 
much w., largiore vino uti, Liv. : Curt. : 
to drink too much w., vino se obruere, 
Cic. Deiot. 9, 26: to drink very little 
w., vini esse parcissimum (opp. vini 
plenus), Suet. Oct. 77: jond of wine, 
vinosus, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 6 (all from Kr.) : 
Vv. TO DRINK, DRUNK. 2, mérum (sheer 
unmixed W.): 
the w., ut ingurgitat impura inse merum 
avariter, Pl. Cure. 1, 2,35. 3, mustum 
(new w.): he boils down on the fire the 
juice of the sweet new w., dulcis musti 
Vulcano decoquit humorem, Virg. G. I, 
295. 4, teméetum (any strong drink ; 
poet.) : a cask of w. cadus temeti, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 2, 163. 5, Bacchus (meton.) : 
let the cups swim with generous W., 
madeant generoso pocula Baccho, Tib. 
Sh OS Oe 6. Liber (meton.): when 
truthful w. opens the secrets of the heart, 
condita cum verax aperit praecordia 
Liber, Hor. S. 1, 4, 89: Z have had my 
jill of the best of w., me complevi flore 
Liberi, Pl. Cist: 1, 2, 8. 7. vappa 
(flat w.): accustomed to drink flat w. 
on common days, solitus potare vappam 
profestis diebus, Hor. S. 2, 3, 144. 

—— -bibber: 1, vindlentus : lest 
he fall, though sober, into the boisterous 
play of the w.s, ne sobrius in violentiam 
vinolentorum incidat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 
118. 9, vindsus: ¥. WINE. 

— -cellar: 1, apothéca (v. 
Smith’s Ant. p. 105, for the ancient 
method of storing wine): whole w.s, 
apothecae totae, Cic. Pbil. 2, 27, 67. 

2. horreum (store): you spare to 
take down from the w. your amphora, 
parcis deripere horreo amphoram, Hor. 
Od. 3, 28, 7. 3, cella vinaria: Plaut. 
Phr.: a wine jar first stored in the w. 
in Tullus’ consulship, amphora fumum 
bibere instituta consule Tullo, Hor. Od. 
3, 8, II. 

—— -merchant: vinarius: the wine 
which I sold yesterday to the w., vina 
quae heri vendidi vinario, Pl. Asin. 2, 4, 
30. 

Wing (subs.): [elbait: 1, ala: 
cocks clap their w.s, galli plausu premunt 
alas, Enn. in Cic. Div. 2, 26, 57: that 
they (the bees) may be able to spread their 
w.s to the summer sun, ut possint alas 
pandere.ad aestivum solem, Virg. G. 4, 
27. 2. pennae, arum (feathers): 
birds keep their young warm beneath 
their w.s, aves pullos pennis fovent, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 52, 129: to unfold the w.s, ex- 
plicare pennas, Ov. Am. 2, 6, 55: bees 
shake their w.s, apes pennis coruscant, 
Virg. G. 4, 73. Fig.: those who had 
clipped my w.s would not have them 
grow again, qui mihi pennas inciderant 
nolunt easdem renasci, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5: 
to be on the w., volare: v. TO FLY. 

Il. Fig.: (@.) the wing of an army: 

], cornu (extremity, w.ofan army): 
the enemy’s line was repulsed on the le/t 
w., hostium acies a sinistro cornu pulsa 
est, Caes.B.G.1, 52. 2, ala (prop. the 
cavalry stationed on the wing): the 
right w., dextera ala, Liv. 27,2. Phr.: 
the cavalry on the w., alarii equites, Liv. 


how the slut tipples off 





40, 40. (ii.) the wing of a building: ala: 
Vitr. 6, 4, 28. 

Wing (v.): Phr.: fo w. one’s way 
through the air, aerias carpere vias, Ov. 
A. A. 2, 44. 

winged: 1, alatus: when first he 
touched the roofs with his w. heels, ut 
primum alatis tetigit magalia plantis, 
Virg. Aen. 4, 259. 2, aliger: a w. 
flock, agmen aligerum, Virg. Aen. 12, 
249. 3, alipes, pédis (wing-footed, 
of Mercury): the w. god, alipes deus, 
Ov. F. 5, 100. 4, pennatus: those w. 
horses which they call pegasi, pennati 
equi quos pegasos vocant, Plin. 8, 21, 30: 
the w. Zephyr, pennatus Zephyrus, Luer. 
5, 13" 5, penniger: the class of 
animals that are w. and tenant the air, 
genus animantium pennigerum et aeri- 
um, Cic. Tim. to. 6. pennipodtens 
(strong of w.): the w. tribes, pennipo- 
tentes, Lucr. 5, 789. 7. volucer ( fly- 
ing): some animals that swim nature 
has appointed to dwell in the water, 
others that are w. to enjoy the free air, 
alias bestias nantes aquarum incolas esse 
voluit natura, alias volucres caelo frui 
libero, Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38: more swiftly 
than the wind or aw. arrow, citius vento 
volucrique sagitta, Virg. Aen. 5, 242. 

wink (subs.) : 1, nictatio: croco- 
diles have no w. (no power of w.ing) on 
account of their hard eyes, crocodili sine 
ulla nictatione propter praeduros oculos, 
Plin: 15, 370 5i7- 9. nictus, tis: you 
give a sign by aw., nictu signa remittis, 
Ov. M. 3, 460 (here, as in the other pas- 
sages of poets where the word occurs, 
some would read “nutu ”’). 

wink (v.): Lit. and Fig.: 1, 
nicto, 1 (also nictor): if is natural to 
most to be continually w.ing, plerisque 
naturale ut nictare non cessent, Plin. 
II, 37, 54: and let her not nod, w., 
or beckon to any man, neque ulli illa 
homini nutet, nictet, adnuat, Pl. Asin. 
4, 1, 39. 2, conniveo, nivi or nixi 
2: the larger birds w. with the lower 
cheek, graviores alitum inferiore gena 
connivent, Plin. 11, 37, 57: this Iallow, 
in some cases I even w. at it, ea ipsa 
concedo, quibusdam in rebus etiam 
conniveo, Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 18. For this 
sense, to close the eyes at, pretend not to 
see, may be used, ignosco, indulgeo, prae- 
termitto: v. TO ALLOW, TO PARDON. 

Winner: Victor, superior: v. VICTOR, 
SUCCESSFUL. 

winning: |, Successful in com- 
petition: v. SUCCESSFUL. — J, Able to 
win over any one: 1, blandus: we 
will try which of us ts the more w., ex- 
periemur nostrum uter sit blandior, Pl. 
Cas. 2, 3, 58: w. words, blanda verba. 
Ov. M. 2, 575. 92. suavis, e (sweet m 
manner): men are called courteous 
when they are kind, compliant, w., comes 
benigni faciles suaves homines esse dic- 
untur, Cic. Balb. 16, 36. 3, amoen- 
us (post-Aug. in this sense): @ gentle 
and w. disposition, ingenium mite et 
amoenum, T'ac. A. 2, 64. 4, facund- 
us (w. by words): love made him w., 
facundum faciebat amor, Ov. M. 6, 469. 

5, vénustus (w. by beauty, charm- 
ing): most w. beauty, forma venustis- 
sima, Suet. Aug. 79. Phr.: w. conver- 
sation and manners, sermonum atque 
morum suavitas, Cic. Am. 18, 66. 

winnow: |. Prop.: 1, ven- 
tilo, 1: many forbid the corn to be w.’d 
in the barns, frumenta in horreis multi 
ventilare vetant, Plin. 18, 39, 73- 2. 
évanno, 3: Varr. Il. Fig.: to sift, 
examine: exciitio, scrutor, perscrutor : 
v. TO EXAMINE. 

winnower: ventilator: Col. 

winnowing-fan: 1. varnus,f.: 
the mystic w.oef Iacchus, mystica van- 
nus Iacchi, Virg. G. 1, 166. 2. ven- 
tilabrum: Col. 

winter (subs.): 1, hiems, émis, f.: 
to undergo this severity of cold and w., 
hance vim frigorum hiememque exci- 
pere, Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42: the depth 
of w., hiems summa, id. Verr. 4, 40, 86: 
in the beginning of w., inita_hieme, 
Caes, B. G. 3, 7: before the end of Wa 


WINTER 





ante exactam hiemem, ib. 6, 1: is there 
a place where the ws are milder? est 
ubi plus tepeant hiemes? Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 
15: @ very severe w., gravissima h., 
Caes. B. C. 3, 8. 2. brima (strictly, 
*Se w. solstice) : could the sun’s approach 
and withdrawal be recognised by the 
summers and w.s, posset solis accessus 
discessusque solstitiis brumisque cog- 
nosci, Cic. N. |). 2, 7, 19: about which 
(tslands) some have written that in w. 
they have a continuous night for thirty 
days, de quibus nonpulli scripserunt 
dies continuos triginta sub bruma esse 
noctem, Caes. B. G. 5, 13: sluggish w. 
returns, bruma recurrit iners, Hor. Od. 
47,12. Phr.: w. time: hiemale tem- 
pas, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33: annus hibernus, 

or. Ep. 2, 29: w. dress, hibernae 
tunicae, Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 94: w. months, 
brumales menses, Plin.: J wish to know 
where you mean to pass the w., cupio 
scire ubi sis hiematurus, Cic. Fam. 7, 9: 
we allow the furrows to lie idle through 
the w., sulcos vacuos perhiemare pati- 
mur, Col. 11, 3, 4. 

winter (’.): 1. hiémo, 1: three 
legions which were w.ing near Aquileia, 
he leads out from their w.-quarters, tres 
legiones, quae circum Aquileiam hiema- 
bant, ex hibernis educit, Caes. B. G. 1, 
10: let the merchant go to sea and w. 
in the midst of the waves, naviget ac 
mediis hiemet mercator in undis, Hor. 
Ep. 1, 16, 71. 2, hiberno, 1: funnies, 
wherever they are detained till the 
equinox, there w., thynni ubicunque de- 
prebensi usque ad aequinoctium, ibi 
hibernant, lin. 9, 15, 20 § 51: the Car- 
thaginian was going to w. between the 
rocks of Formiae and the sands of 
Liternum, Poenus inter Formiana saxa 
ac ane arenas hibernaturus erat, Liv. 
22, 16. 

——-quarters: 1, hiberna, drum 
(sc. castra): he led his army to w., 
among the Sequani, in hiberna in Se- 
quanos exercitum deduxit, Caes. B. G. 
I, 54: he gathered provision into the 
Claudian camp and there formed his 
w., pabulum in Claudiana castra con- 
vexit ibique hiberna aedificavit, Liv. 23, 
48. 2. hibernacilum (a@ w. residence): 
these are my w., hoc hibernaculum est, 
Plin. Ep. 2, 17,7: the w. (w. barracks) 
of the Carthaginians were almosé en- 


tirely of wood, hibernacula Carthagi- | 
| w., great w., sapienter, sapientissime : 


niensium lignea ferme tota erant, Liv. 
30, 3: the legions were sent to their w., 
legiones in h. remissae, ‘Tac. A. 2, 23. 

wintry: 1. hiémialis, e: alongand 
w, voyage, navigatio longa et hiemalis, 
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 1. Q. hibernus: the 
w. Alps, hibernae Alpes, Hor. 5. 2, 5, 41. 

3. bramalis,e: the earth lies hid be- 

neath w. snow, brumali sub nive terra 
latet, Ov. Pont. 4, 5, 4: w. winds, b. 
venti, Luc. 5, 407. 4. frigidus (cold), 
nivalis (snowy); if definite description 
be wanted: v. coLD, sNowy. 

wipe: 1. tergeo, si, sum, 2: to 
w. the forehead with a handkerchief, 
frontem sudario tergere, Quint. 6, 3, 60: 
to be washed or rubbed or w.d, lavari 
aut fricari aut tergeri, Pl. Poen. 1, 2, 10. 

2. détergeo (to w. off, w. clean): to 

w. the perspiration on his brow with his 
arm, sudorem frontis brachio d., Suet. 
Ner. 24: to w. the head with one’s 
mantle, caput pallio d., Pl. Cas. 2, 3, 
23. 3. extergeo: with which the 
shoes are w.d, qui extergentur baxeae, 
Pl. Men. 2, 3, 40. 4, abstergeo: to 
w. the lips, labeilum a., Pl. Asin. 4, 1, 
52. 5, pertergeo (to w. thoroughly) : 
a slave wd the table with a purple 
cloth, puer gausape purpureo mensam 
pertersit, Hor. S. 2, 8, 11. 6. sicco, 1 
(to w. dry): to w. the forehead with a 
handkerchief, sudario frontem s., Quint. 
II, 3, 148. 7. déleo, Evi, étum, 2 (to 
w. or blot out): to w. out writings with 
@ sponge, delere scripta spongia, Suet. 
Cal. 20: to w. out their former disgrace, 
ad delendam priorem ignominiam, Liv. 
39, 30. Phr.: tow. the nose, emungere 
se, Auct. Her. 4, 54, 67. 

wire : *filum metallicum (Georg.): 





WISELY 


brass, tron, silver w., *filum aeneum, 
ferreum,argenteum. Phr.: todraww., 
* metallum. in fila ducere, tenuare: w.- 
work, w.-netting: perh. *transenna 
(a grating, a lattice: v. Dr. Smith's 
Lat. Dict.): J shall cleverly w. this 
Jellow to-day, hunc ego hominem hodie 
in transennam doctis ducam dolis, Pl. 
Pers. 4, 3, 11: networle of brass w., reti- 
culum aeneum, Fest. s. v. secespitam: 
you dance like a puppet, but unother 
pulls the w.s, duceris ut nervis alienis 
mobile lignum, Hor. S. 2, 7, 82. 
wisdom: 1, sapientia (the highest 
and most comprehensive word): w. the 
muother of all good things, to express the 
love of which the Greek word philosophy 
was framed, mater omnium bonarum 
rerum sapientia, a cujus amore Graeco 
verbo philosophia nomen invenit, Cic. 
Leg. 1, 22, 58: chief of all virtues is 
that w. which the Greeks call codia, 
the knowledge of things divine and 
human, princeps omnium virtutum est 
illa sapientia, quam Graeci co¢-tav vo- 
cant, rerum divinarum atque humana- 
rum scientia, id. Off. 1, 43,153: w. which 
ts to be deemed the art of living, sa- 
pientia quae vivendi ars putanda est, 
id. Fin. 1, 13, 42: the first w. is to be 
rid of folly, sapientia prima est stultitia 
caruisse, Hor. Ep. 1,1, 41: /gtve you such 
advice as I can with my w., Moneo quae 
possum pro mea s., Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 73. 
2. pradentia (practical w.): the w. 
which the Greeks call dbpovnacs ts the 
knowledge of what is to be sought and 
what avoided, p., quam Graeci dpovnow 
vocant, est rerum expetendarum fugien- 
darumque scientia, Cic. Off. 1, 43, 153: 
political w., civilis p., id. Rep. 2, 25, 46. 
8. consilium (judgment, wise pur- 
pose): she lacks w. and discretion, con- 
silio et ratione deficitur, Cic. Clu. 65, 
184: the greatness of the w. by which 
all this is done no w. of ours can attain 
to comprehend, quae quanto consilio ge- 
rantur nullo consilio assequi possumus, 
id. N. D. 2, 38, 97: in plur.: miz a 
little folly with your w., misce stultitiam 
consiliis brevem, Hor. Od. 4, 12, 27. 
4, ratio (reason, wise system; opp. 
to headstrong force): that Ariovistus 
had conquered rather by w. and judg- 
ment than by valour, Ariovistum 
magis ratione ac consilio quam virtute 
vicisse, Caes. B. G. 1, 40. Phr.: with 


Y. WISELY. 
wise (adj.): 1, sapiens: M. Buc- 
culeius, a man in my judgment no fool, 
and in his own very w., M. Bucculeius, 
homo neque meo judicio stultus, et sue 
valde sapiens, Cic. de Or. I, 39,179: a 
good and w. king, rex bonus et sapiens, 
id. Rep. 2, 29, 52: a word to the w. is 
enough, dictum sapienti sat est, Pl. Pers. 
4,7, 19: heis the w. man (philosopher) 
whom we seelc, is est sapiens quem quae- 
rimus, Cic. Tuse. 4, 17, 37- 2. prid- 
ens: who was wiser than P. Octavius, 
or more skilled in law ? quis P. Octavio 
prudentior, jure peritior? Cic. Clu. 38, 
107: the counsels of the w., prudentium 
consilia, id. de Or. 1, 9, 36. 3. sciens 
(knowing, skilful) : the ship that has the 
wisest pilot, navis quae scientissimo 
gubernatore utitur, Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58. 
4, péritus (skilled by experience) : the 
wisest geneials, peritissimi duces, Caes. 
B.C. 3,73. Phr.: to bew.,sapere: they 
are w. in my opinion, sapiunt mea sen- 
tentia, Ter.: are you a whit the wiser 
now ? num quid nunc es certior? Pl. 
Wise (subs.): modus, ratio: v. MAN- 
NER, METHOD. Phr.: in no w. was the 
magnitude of that advantage comparable 
to the other disadvantage, nequaquam 
fuit illius commodi magnitudo cum eo 
incommodo comparanda, Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 
26: that in no w. pleases me, id neuti- 
quam mihi placet, Pl. Capt. 3, 4, 54: 
in any w., omnino, saltem ; Cic. 
wiseacre: “sapiens (the irony being 
made plain by the context); sibi sapiens, 
ceteris ineptus; ineptus, insulsus ( fool- 
ish, if undisguised contempt be needed). 
wisely: 1, sapienter: how w. our 








WISH 


_ $$$ 


kings saw this, quam sapienter reges 
hoc nostri viderint, Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 31: 
there is no one who can more w. advise 
you than yourself, nemo est qui tibi 
sapientius suadere possit te ipso, Cic. 
Fam. 2, 7. 2. prudenter: to act w., 
p. facere, Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15. 

wish (subs.): 1, optatio (act of 
w.ing): when Neptune had allowed him 
three w.s, cui quum tres optationes 
Neptunus dedisset, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94. 
_ 2, optatum (the thing w.’d): hav- 
img obtained which w., quo optato im 
petrato, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 94: in all your 
affairs fortune has answered to my w.s, 
in omnibus tuis rebus meis optatis for- 
tuna respondit, id. Fam. 2, 1, 2: beyond 
my w., praeter optatum meum, id. Pis. 
20, 46: according to one’s w., optato, id. 
Att. 13, 28, 3. 3. véluntas (will, con- 
sent): so that the citizens assented to his 
w.s, ut ejus voluntatibus cives assen- 
serint, Cic. Manil. 16, 48: J will comply 
with your w., obsequar voluntati tuae, 
id. Fin. 2,6,17. 4, désidérium (long- 
ing for something absent): a w. for the 
city, desiderium urbis, Cic, Fam. 2, 11, 
1: you will fulfil all my expectation 
and long-cherished w., expleris omnem 
exspectationem diuturni desiderii nos- 
tri, id. de Or. 1, 47, 205. i 
votum (prayer): the w.s of his own 
avarice, yota cupiditatum suarum, Cic. 
Verr. 5, 54, 142: having gained a w., 
voti potens, Ov. M. 8, 80: does one 
of Attalus’ cities occur to you as aw.? 
an venit in votum Attalicis ex urbibus 
una? Hor. Ep. 1, 11,5. Pbhr.: to fol- 
low with one’s best w.s, ominibus optimis 
prosequi, Cic. Fam. 4,12,2: you have my 
very best w.s for success, quod bouum faus- 
tum felix fortunatumque sit, Cic.: accord- 
ing to one’s w., ex sententia, de s., Cic. : 
nothing was more agreeable to my w.s, 
nihil mihi fuit optatius, Cic. Fam. 1, 5. 

wish (v.): 1], opto, 1 (to w. for 
as good; implying some choice): that 
a man ought to admire, w. for, or seek 
nothing except what is honourable and 
seemly, nibil hominem, nisi quod hones- 
tum decorumyque sit, aut admirari aut 
optare aut expetere oportere, Cic. Fin. 1, 
20, 66: Phaethon w.'d to be taken up 
into the chariot of his father, Phaethon 
optavit ut in currum patris tolleretur, 
ib. 3, 25, 94: we often w.'d to see this 
day, hunc videre saepe optabamus diem, 
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 29. 9. exopto, 1 (lo 
w. earnestly): what the majority of men 
deem best that they chiefly w. for, quae 
majori parti pulcherrima videntur ea 
maxime exoptant, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118. 

8. ciipio, ivi or ii, itum, 3 (ex- 
presses the actual emotion of w.ing, the 
tmpulse of the mind): whose attempts 
they did not w. to check, if they could, 
and, if they had w.’d, could hardly do 
So, cujus conatus illi nec, si possent, re- 
primere cuperent, et, si vellent, vix pos- 
sent, Cic. Mil. 12, 32: the more you have 
got the more you w. for, quanto plura 
parasti tanto plura cupis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
148. 4, volo, vdlui, velle: <Aelius 
w.’d to be a Stoic, Aelius Stoicus esse 
voluit, Cic. Brut. 56, 206: J w. you to 
answer me this, illud volo ut respondeas, 
id. Vatin. 7, 18: how I w. we could 
have had Panaetius with us, quam vel- 
lem Panaetium nobiscum haberemus, 
id. Rep. 1, 10, 15: you w.-for pikes, 
cohorts, vis pila, cohortes, Juv. 10, 94: I 
and he w. each other well, ego huic et 
mi hic bene volumus, Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 4. 
5, désidéro, 1 (to long for): I am 
neither athirst for honours nor do Iw. 
for glory, nec bonores sitio nec desidero 
gloriam, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 3. 6, pré- 
cor, I, dep. (to pray for, express a poh: 80 
to leave your country that one’s fellow- 
citizens may w. for your return, Sic ex- 
ire e patria ut cives reditum precentur, 
Cic. Pis. 14, 33. Phr.: objects to be 
coveted and w.’d for, expetenda atque 
optabilia, Cie. de Or. 1, 51, 221: this was 
one of the things I w.’d for, hoc erat in 
votis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 1: as you w., ut 
placet, ut libet: v. TO WILL: I w. you 
joy, gratulor tibi, Cic. Fam. 6, 12. 
951 


WISHING 


wishing: optatio: Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 
205: V. WISH. 

Wisp: 1, manipiilus (handful) : 
manipuli herbae, w.s of grass, Varr. 
R. R. 1, 49. 9. fasciciilus (bundle) : 
tied up in w.s, in f. manuales colliga- 
tum, Plin. 19, I, 3. 8. * penicilus (@ 
little brush): Pl.: v. WHISK. 

wist;: v. TO KNow. 

wistful: *anxius, soliicitus (words 
usually applied to the mind in Latin, 
whereas w, seems to be almost always 
an epithet of gaze, looks, etc.): *desiderii 
plenus, cupidus (longing, eager). Phr.: 
your eyes looked wistfully around for 
something, desideravere aliquid oculi 
tui, Tac. Agr. 45. 

wit: j, ingénium (natural power 
of intellect) : to this first class (of good 
qualities which are inborn) belong teach- 
ableness, memory; and all these are 
comprised under the one name w., prioris 
generis (virtutum quae ingenerantur) 
est docilitas, memoria; quae fere omnia 
appellantur uno ingenii nomine, Cic. Fin. 
5,13, 36: aman of the most vigorous w., 
vir acerrimo ingenio, id. Or. 5, 18: he is 
of a dull w., hebeti ingenio est, id. Phil. 
10, 8, 17: a vein of w., ingeni vena, Hor. 
Od. 2, 13, 9: he greatly patronised w.s 
(men of w.), ingenia maxime fovit, Suet. 
Vesp. 18: v. GENIUS, TALENT. 9 
acumen (penetration) : he applied his w. 
to the Greek writings, admovit acumina 
chartis, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 261. 3, lépos, 
dris, m. (elegance): such w. in his 
mirthful talk, tantus in jocando lepos, 
Cic. de Or. 1, 4, 27. 4, facétiae, arum 
(witty, humourous sayings): I have 
often seen much done in court by hu- 
mour and w., multum in causis persaepe 
iepore et facetiis profici vidi, Cic. de Or. 
2, 54, 219: accustomed to mock at Ti- 
berius with bitter w., Tiberium acerbis 
facetiis ivridere solitus, Tac. A. 5, 2. 

5, sal, salis, m. (pungent smartness) : 
P. Scipio surpassed all in pungent w. 
«al humour, P. Scipio omnes sale face- 
tiisque superabat, Cic. Brut. 34, 128: 
the w. of Plautus, Plautini sales, Hor. 
AES 25% 6, dicacitas (repartee) : 
a sharp and smart stile of facetiousness 
ts called w., peracutum et breve genus 
facetizrum dicacitas nominata est, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 54, 218: low w., scurrilis dica- 
citas, 2, 60, 244. Phr.: a man of w.: 
homo acutus, facetus, etc.: v. WITTY: 
a town w. scurra, urbapnus scurra: Cic. : 
Pl.: Hor,: have you your w.s about 
you? satin’ sanus es? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 
29: the man ts out of his w.s, insanit 
homo, Hor. S. 2, 7, 118 : v. MAD. 

wit: Phr.: to w.: scilicet: v. 
NAMELY. 

witch: (subs.): 1, saga (a wise 
diviner, enchantress): old women are 
called w.s, because they pretend to much 


wisdom, sagae anus dictae, quia multa | 


scire volunt (a sagiendo, 2. e., sentiendo), 
Cic, Div. 1, 31, 65. 2. miga (dealer 
in magic): the spells and arts of w.s, 
cantus artesque magarum, Ov. M. 7, 
195. 3, vénéfica (one who uses 
poisonous drugs): the spell of a more 
cunning w. veneficae scientioris carmen, 
Hor. Ep. 5, 71: what say you, old w.? 
quid ais, venefica? Ter. Kun. 5, 1, 9. 

witch (v.): v. TO BEWITCH. 

witchcraft: 1, magice, s, ars 
magica: arts of w., magicae artes. Virg. 
Aen. 4, 493: V. MAGIC. 2, carmina, 
inum, n. pl. (charms, spells): Circe by 
w. changed Ulysses’ crew, carminibus 
Circe socios mutavit Ulixi, Virg. E. 8, 
70 3. cantus, is. w. attempts e’en 
to draw down the moon from her car, 
cantus et e curru lunam deducere ten- 
tat, Tib. 1, 8, 20. 4. vénéficium: 
w. and enchartments, veneficia et can- 
tiones, Cic. Brut. 60, 217. 5. effas- 
cinatio (bewitching, charming): why do 
we oppose w. with a peculiar prayer ? 
cur effascinationibus peculiari adoratione 
occurrimus? Plin. 28, 2, 5. 

with: |. By Latin prepositions : 

j. cum (with abl.): (i.) together 
w., in company w.: I lived w. Pansa, 
Vixi com Pansa, Cic.: you sup w. me, 
952 





| 


| quam 


WITH 


cenas mecum, Hor. : together w., is fre- 
quently expressed by una cum: v. TOGE- 
THER : (ii.) furnished w.: he comes w. a 
lantern, cum laterna advenit, Pl.: ships 
w. provision, haves cum commeatu, Liv, : 
(iii.) of time: w. early dawn, cum prima 
luce, Cic.: (iv.) to indicate circum- 
stances, accompaniments, manner, etc. : 
w. great loss to the staie, cum magna 
calamitate civitatis, Cic.: to beseech w. 
many tears, multis cum lacrimis obse- 
crare, Caes.: w. the utmost zeal, cum 
summo studio, Liv.: (v.) of help, alli- 
ance, etc.: w. the help of the gods, cum 
dis juvantibus, Liv.: Romulus allied 
his kingdom w. that of the abine king, 
Romulus regnum suum cum >abinorum 
rege sociavit, Cic.: (vi.) generally, with 
words denoting intercourse, hostile or 
friendly ; comparison, deliberation : to 
deal w. any one, agere cum aliquo: to 
jigit w., dimicare cum: to agree w., 
consentire c.: to compare w., conferre 
c.: to deliberate w. oneself, or an- 
other, secum reputare, cum aliquo de- 
liberare. 2. Aapud (with acc.): ap- 
plied to a person with reference to the 
place where he is, or to his mind: you 
shall sup w. me (at my place), apud me 
cenabis, Pl.: this is of little avail w. 
me, haec apud me minimum valent, 
Cic.: w. our ancestors (in their time, 
among them) this was the practice, 
apud majores nostros haec factitata, 
Cic. 3. pénes (with acc.): in the 
power of, resting w.: w. whom is the 
authority, penes quem est potestas, Cic.: 
is that harp-girl w. you? istaec penes 
vos psaltria est? Ter. 4, in (with 
abl.): where with means in the midst 
of, and where it implies notwithstand- 
ing: w. all their great debts they have 
also greater property, magno in aere 


|! alieno majores etiam possessiones ha- 


bent, Cic.: w. all your great learning 
you will not omit this, in tanta tua doc- 
trina hoc non praetermittes, id. 5. 
ex (with abl.) : in consequence of : when 
the commonwealth was in a disturbed 
state w. debt, quum esset ex aere alieno 
commota civitas, Cic. 6. pro (with 
abl.) : considering : w. your wisdom you 
will consider the rest, reliqua tu pro tua 
prudentia considerabis, Cic. 7. ab 
(with abl.) : after verbs of beginning: I 
had a mind to begin w. that, ab eo exor- 
diri volui, Cic. Il. By cases of the 
Latin noun without preposition : iL 
Ablative: of the instrument, manner, 
cause: he killed him w. his own hand, 
manu sua occidit, Cic.: to be tormented 
w. expecting, angi exspectatione, Cic.: he 
advances w. the longest possible marches, 
maximis itineribus contendit, 
Caes.: to attend to w. great diligence, 
magna diligentia curare, Pl.: of quali- 
ties, substance: endowed w. talent, 
praeditus ingenio, Cic.: woven w. twigs, 
viminibus intextum, Caes.: of contents, 
fulness : he filled the goblet w. wine, im- 
plevit mero pateram: a grove thick w. 
tees, nemus densum arboribus, Ov.: of 
mixture, junction: he mixed honey w. 
Falernian wine,mella miscebat Falerno, 
Hor.: dishonesty combined w. crime, 
improbitas gscelere juncta, Cic. (Of the 
Latin cases the ablative most frequently 
expresses with: and under the above 
heads most of the various uses of abl. 
for with might be brought: but it is 
often optional whether the prep. cum 
be added, e. g., in mixture, manner: the 
prose writers rather prefer using the 
prep., or including with in the Latin 
compound verb; the poets more often 
omit it: with the instrument, strictly so 
called, the Latins rarely, if ever, use 
cum.) 9. Dative: after verbs of 
anger, contention, comparison, mixing ; 
though the prose writers in the latter 
cases prefer the abl. with prep.: there is 
no reason why I should be angry w. the 
young man, adolescenti nihil est quod 
succenseam, Ter.: Amyntas alone con- 
tends w. you, solus tibi certat Amyntas, 
Virg.: to compare great things with 
small, parvis componere magna, id.: he 
was proud of the honour mingled w. 


| de foro, Pl. Men. 3, 2, 26. 


WITHDRAW 





his burden, mixtoque oneri gaudebat 
honore, Ov. 3, Genitive: with a 
few adjectives denoting abundance: 
abounding w. niilic, lactis abundans, 
Virg. II]. By being inelnded in the 
Latin verb: to mix fragments w. wine, 
commiscere frusta mero, Virg.: but 
most of such compounds with con take 
the prep. with the abl., or take the dat. : 
to go w. any one, comitari aliquem : who 
will find fault with it? quis id repre- 
henderit? Cic.: to agree w. any one, 
assentiri alicui: fo have done w. @ 
matter, perfunctus esse re : he goes on w. 
his villany, persequitur scelus ille suum, 
Ov. IV. With combined with an 
English noun is often turned by a Latin 
adv.: w. pleasure, libenter: w. zeal, 
studiose: or by an adj.: he did this w. 
pleasure, laetus hoc fecit: or by @ par- 
ticipial construction: w. speed, adhibita 
celeritate. Phr.: what would you w. 
me? quid me vis? Ter.: what shall we 
dow. the child? quid faciemus puero? 
Ter.: w. all my heart, ex animo, Ter. . 
this seems to be the same w. that, hoc idem 
videtur esse atque id, Cic.: he came w. 
two legions, *venit duas habens legiones : 
having the wind w. him, ventum nactus 
secundum, Caes.: I know not what 
course to take w. that girl, neque quid 
consilii capiam scio de virgine istac, Ter. : 
they contend one w. another, inter se 
contendunt, Cic. 
withal; simul: J proved this to Cae- 
cilius, and w. pointed out the following, 
demonstravi haec Caecilio, simul et illud 
ostendi, Cic. Att. 1,1. Phr.: he fedon 
such meat as was most sweet and w. of 
easiest digestion, utebatur eo cibo qui 
suavissimus esset et idem facitlimus ad 
concoquendum, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64. 
withdraw: A. lrans.: 14 
abditico, xi, ctum, 3: if will be lawful 
to take away and w., auferre et abdu- 
cere licebit, Cic. Quint. 27, 84. 2. 
dédiico : to w. an army from these parts, 
exercitum deducere ex his regionibus, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 44: used esp. in this mili- 
tary sense: cf. Liv. 32, 27. 3. sub- 
dico (to w. quietly) : some cohorts with- 
drawn from the right wing he leads 
round behind the line, cohortes aliquot 
subductas ex dextro cornu post aciem 
circumducit, Liv. 27, 48: many stones 
having been withdrawn from the tower, 
compluribus lapidibus ex turri subduc- 
tis, Caes. B. C. 2, 11. 4, abstraho, xi, 
ctum, 3 (implies deprivation to some 
one): if they could have withdrawn 
some forces from Lepidus, si quas 
copias a Lepido abstraxissent, Cic. Fam. 
Io, 18, 3. 5, détraho: they despised 
the legion for its weakness, now that 
two cohorts were w., legionem detractis 
cohortibus duabus propter paucitatem 
despiciebant, Caes. B. G. 3, 2. 6. 
rémodveo, movi, motum, 2 (to move 
away): having withdrawn the horses 
out of sight, remotis ex conspectu equis, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 25. 7, surripio, ripui, 
reptum, 3 (to steal): you withcrew 
yourself from the forum, surripuisti te 
8, averto, 
ti, sum, 3 (to turn away, divert): the 
terrors of accusation w. the people’s 
thoughts from the hope of success, ter- 
rores accusationis populi opinionem a@ 
spe adipiscendi avertunt, Cic. Mur. 21, 
43: Pompey had withdrawn himself 
from Caesar's friendship, Pompeius se 
a Caesaris amicitia averterat, Caes. B. C. 
1,4. 9, avico, 1: Socrates appears 
first to have withdrawn philosophy from 
abstruse matters and brought it into 
common life, Socrates videtur primus & 
rebus occultis philosopbiam avocavisse, 
et ad vitam communem adduxisse, Cic. 
Acad. I, 4, 15. 10, rétracto, 1 (to take 
back): there is no cause jor them to ww. 
their words, nihil est quod dicta retrac- 
tent, Virg. Aen. 12, 11: V. TO RETRACT. 
B. Intrans.: |, To retire: 1. 
cdo, ssi, ssum, 3: J will w. and depart, 
ego cedam atque abibo, Cic. Mit. 34, 93. 
9. récédo: the centurions withdrew 
| from the place where they stood, centu- 
‘riones ex eo quo stabant loco recesserunt 








—=— 2% 


—e eS”. hl or 


~. ell 


- 


WITHER 


Caes. B. G. 5, 43. 3, detrecto, 1 (to 
w. from, decline): to w. from duties, 
officia detrectare, Quint. I. To 
depart, retreat: se subducere, detrahere. 
removere, surripere, avertere: Vv. TO 
DEPART, TO RETREAT. Phr.: to with- 
draw from the public gaze, * con- 
spectum hominum vitare, devitare: Vv. 
To sHuN: to w. from contest, deponere 
contentionem, Liv. 4, 6: to w. from 
office, abdicare se magistratu, Cic. Cat. 3, 
6, 15 : V. TO ABDICATE, TO RESIGN. 
wither: |. Trans.: 1, tor- 
reo, ui, tostum, 2 (to parch) : the dogstar 
ws the fields with dry thirst, canis 
arenti torret arva siti, Tib. 1, 4, 42: t0 
be w'd by the sun’s heat, solis ardore 
torreri, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21. 9. iro, 
ussi, ustum, 3: Pontus w.’d by constant 
cold, ustus ab assiduo frigore Pontus, 
Ov. Tr. 3; 2, 8. 3, corrumpo, perdo: 
v. TO SPOIL, TO DESTROY. I. In- 
trans.: J, flaccesco, cui, 3: expose 
the fennel, when you have gathered it, 
till it w., feniculum quum legeris ex- 
ponito dum flaccescat, Col... T2509), 4 
9, marceo, 2: the chaplets were 
w.ing, marcebant coronae, Claud. Rapt. 
Pros. 3,244. 3, marcesco, 3: the beech 
und Turkey oak w. quickly, fagus et 
cerrus celeriter marcescunt, Plin. 16, 40, 
7). 4, languesco, gui, 3 (to droop, 
weak) : the vines w., Vites langues- 
cunt, Piin. 18, 15, 27- 5, viesco, 3: 
a w.ing fig-tree, viescens ficus, Col. 12, 
15,1. 6, aresco, rui, 3 (to grow dry): 
the grass to w. and die, herbas arescere 
et interfici, Cie. Oecon. in Non. 450, I. 
7, exaresco: @ whole wood w.’d up 
from its very roots, silva omnis exaruit 
radicibus, Suet. Galb. 1. 
withered: 1, flaccidus: a w. 
leaf, flaccidum folium, Plin. 2. mar- 
cidus: w. lilies, lilia marcida, Ov. M. 10, 
192. 3, rugosus (wrinkled): w. 
cheeks, rugosae genae, Ov. Am. I, 8, 112. 
Phr.: to be w.: marcere: v. TO WITHER. 
withhold: 1. rétineo, ui, ten- 
tum, 2 (to keep back): that the pay is 
withheld, retineri mercedem, Pl. Asin. 
2, 4, 37- 9, supprimo, pressi, pres- 
sum, 3: money which he withheld, ses- 
tertia quae ille suppressit, Cic. Clu. 36. 
99- 3. comprimo: they condemned, 
the corndealers for w.ing the corn, fru- 
mentarios ob annonam compressam 
damnarunt, Liv. 38, 35- 4, cohibeo, 
ui, itum, 2: it ought to shew that the 
Academicians were wise in w.ing their 
assent from uncertainties, argumento 
esse debet prudenter Academicos a rebus 
incertis assensionem cohibuisse, Cic. 
N.D. 1, 1, I. 5, sustineo (to defer): 
to w. a dangerously easy assent, assensus 
lubricos sustinere, Cic. Acad. 2, 34, 108. 
G, réciso, 1 (to refuse): I will w. 
nothing from you on your asking, nihil 
tibi a me postulanti recusabo, Cic. de 
Or. 2, 29, 128. When withholding 
means refraining it may also be ex- 
pressed thus: J cannot w. assent, appro- 
bation, non possum quin assentiar, lau- 
dem; non possum non assentiri, lau- 


re. 
withholding: 1, retentio: aw. 
of assent, assensionis retentio, Cic. Acad. 
2,18, 59. 2, suppressio (in plur.): his 
acts © iution and w.ing (embez- 
zlement) of money as judge, praedae ac 
suppressiones judiciales, Cic. Clu. 25, 68. 
within (prep.): 1, intra, with 
ace. (of place, time, and Limit generally) : 
w. my walls, intra parietes meos, Cic. 
Att. 3, Io, 2: who had received Ario- 
vistus w. their borders, qui intra fines 
suos Ariovistum recepissent, Caes. B. G. 
1, 32: w. twenty days, intra viginti dies, 
PL. Cure. 3, 1,77: to banquet w. the law, 
epulari intra legem, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 4. 
, inter, with acc. (during a de- 
finite time): the crimes commitied w. 
ten years, quae inter decem annios nefarie 
facta sunt, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 13, 37. 
3, in, with abl.: they keep thewr 
‘orces w. the camp, copias in castris con- 
tinent, Caes. B. C. 1, 66: w. a few days, 
is diebus paucis, Ter. And. 1, I, 77. 
4, cis, with acc. (on the hither side 

















WITHOUT 


WITNESS 


(IE SS A ee ae 
of a boundary): the Germans who | w. of some formidable olject, si trem- 


dwell w. the Rhine, Germanos qui cis 
Rhenum incolunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 3: w. a 


few days, cis dies paucos, PL Truc. 2, 3, 


27 (only in Plautus and late writers 
thus). 5, citra, with acc.: w. the 
mountain-range of ‘Taurus, c. Tauri 
juga, Liv. 38, 48. Phr.: he was w. a 
iittle of being killed, baud multum afuit 
quin interficeretur, Liv. 42, 44- 
within (@4.): 1, intus: when 
they had an enemy both without and w., 
quum extra et intus hostem haberent, 
Caes. B.G. 3, 69: the treachery ts W.; 
the danger is shut up w., intus insidiae 
sunt, intus inclusum periculum est, 
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 11: ts your brother w. ? 
estne frater intus? Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 30: 
these passions even Ww. in the mind are 
at variance, hae cupiditates intus etiam 
in animis dissident, Cic. Fin, 1, 13, 44- 
Q, intrinsécus (on the inside): to 
pitch vessels w. and without, vasa in- 
trinsecus et exterius picare, Col. 12, 43. 
3, intra (not Augustan as adv.) : 
CoL: Plin. 4, intro (into the inside) : 
he comes w. to us, intro ad nos venit, 
‘Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 2: pot used by good 
writers except with verbs of motion. 
Within may often be expressed by Lat. 
adj.: war w. and without (at home and 
abroad), internum simul externumque 
bellum, Tac. H. 2, 69: ¥. INWARD, 
INTERNAL. 
without (prep.): By Latin 
prepositions : 1, extra, with acc. (on 
the outside of ): faults are committed 
within and w. the walls of Ilion, liacos 
intra muros peccatur et extra, Hor. Ep. 
I. 2, 16: rather w. (free from) vices 
than with virtues, magis extra vitia 
quam cum virtutibus, Tac. H. 1, 49- 
9, sine, with abl. (denotes want 
or absence, whether of good or evil): w. 
wings, sine pennis, Pl. Asin. I, T, 180: 
not w. great hope, non sine magna spe, 
Caes. B. G. 1, 44: w. trouble, sine mo- 
lestia, Ter. Eun. 5, 4,6: w. doubt, sine 
dubio, Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58. 3, abs- 
que, with abl. (in comedy and late 
prose): a whole day w. sun, absque 
sole perpetuus dies, Pl. Most. 3, 2, 78. 
I]. By Latin negatives: he hears 
without being prayed to, non vocatus 
audit, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 40: w. any certain 
order, nullo certo ordine, Caes. B. G. 2, 
11: no one can be condemned w. his 
cause being heard, incognita causa nemo 
condemnari potest, Cic. Verr. I, 9, 25: 
the negative may also be included in 
the Latin compound adj. or adv.: @ 
man w. wisdom, vir imprudens: he 
acted w. wisdom, fecit imprudenter. 
Ill. By Latin adjectives or verbs 
expressing deprivation: that he might 
not be w. a share, ne expers partis esset, 
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 39: the mind w. the 
body, mens vacans corpore, Cic. Ne Dix, 
10, 25: to be w. blame, carere culpa, 
Ver. Hec. 4, 4, 4I- IV. In phrases 
where without represents except, unless, 
praeter, nisi, quin, extra quam, extra 
quam si, ut non, may be used: if would 
be lawful for them to lay down arms w. 
they had been condemned of a capital 
charge, liceret ab armis discedere praeter 
rerum capitalium damnatis, Sall. C. 36: 
he swore that he would not return w. he 
were victorious, juravit se nisi victorem 
non reversurum, Caes. B. C. 3, 87: 80 
that I could in no way enter without 
their seeing me, ut nullo modo introire 
possum quin me viderent, Ter. Eun. 5, 
2, 2: w. they are unwilling to perish 
by hunger, extra quam si nolint fame 
perire, Cic. Inv. 2, 57, 172: he will prefer 
being thought a good man wW. being 80, 
to being one w. being thought so, malet 
existimari bonus vir ut non sit quam 
esse ut non putetur, id. Fin. 2, 22, 71- 
without (adv.): 1. extra: Goth 
within the body and w. there are certain 
goods, et in corpore et extra esse quae- 
dam bona, Cic. Fin. 2, 2%, 68: @ nut 
has nothing hard w. (on the outside), 
nil extra est in nuce duri, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 
31 9. extrinsécus (often from w.): 
if 


erent objecta terribili re extrinsecus, 
Cic. Acad. 2, 15, 48 he has encomy 
the soul with a body and clothed it w., 
animum circumdedit corpure et vestivit 
extrinsecus, id. ‘lim. 6. 3. extérius 
(sirictly, more on the outside, in compa 
rison With things that are more within) = 
cities lying w., urbes exterius sitae, Ov. 
M. 6, 420. 4, foris (out of doors, opp. 
to domi): left within, waited for w. 
relictus intus, exspectatus foris, Cic. Sal, 
5, 17: some fruits have the soft sub- 
stance within, the wood w., as nuts; 
others the soft substance w., the wood 
within, as plums, aliorum intus corpus 
et foris lignum, ut nucum; allis foris 
corpus, intus lignum ut prunis, Plin. 15, 
28, 34. Phr.: either by home resources 
or succours from w., vel domesticts 
opibus vel externis auxiltis, Caes. B.C. 
2, §: V. OUTWARD, FOREIGN. 
withstand: 1, résisto, stiti, 3: 
when the legions withstood the enemy, 
quum legiones hostibus resisterent, Caes, 
B.G. 2, 22: the wise plans of my consul- 
ship by which Iw. that tribune of the 
commons, consilia consulatus mei quibus 
illi tribuno plebis restitissem, Cic. de Or. 
2, It, 48. 9, resto, stiti, 1 (rarer than 
resisto): you, the many, hardly w. the 
few, paucis plures vix restatis, Liv. 23, 
45, fin. 3, obsisto, stiti, 3 (to stand 
in the way, implies perhaps less active 
resistance than does resisto) : who when 
they attempted to w. and make defence, 
qui quum obsistere ac defendere con- 
arentur, Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 94: lo w. all 
his designs, o. omnibus ejus consillis, id. 
Cat. 3, 7, 17- 4, obsto, stiti, 1: why 
do you oppose and w. my interests ? cur 
meis commodis officis atque obstas? 
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38,112.  §, répugno, t 
(to fight against): our men at first with- 
stood them bravely, nostri primo fortiter 
repugnare, Caes. B.G. 3, 4: the consuls 
neither gave in nor yet vehemently with 
stood it, consules neque concedebant 
neque valde repugnabant. Cic. Fam. I, 
2, 2: V. TO RESIST, TO OPPOSE. 
withy ; vimen, inis, n.: the country- 
men used to pluck there the low w.s and 
rushes, and the marsh-loving sedge, 
agrestes illic fruticosa legebant vimina 
cum juncis gratamque paludibus ulvam, 
Ov. M. 6, 345. Phr.: coverings made 
of w.s, viminea tegumenta, Caes. B. C. 
3, 63: a bed (plantation) of ws, vimi- 
netum, Varr. 
witless: amens, stultus, ineptus: 
V. SENSELESS, FOOLISH. 
witness (subs): — |. The person 
witnessing : ], testis: with me, as 
with a good judge, arguments have more 
weight than witnesses, apud me, ut apud 
' bonum judicem, argumenta plus valent 
quam testes, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 59: J will 
produce you w.s, dabo tibi testes, ib. 1, 
37, 58: to summon w.s, t. citare, id. Verr. 
2, 59, 146: I call you as my w., testem 
te testor mihi, Pl. Rud. 5, 2, 51: what 
you owe, Rome, to the Neros, the river 
‘Metaurus is w., quid debeas, O Roma, 
Neronibus testis Metaurum flumen, Hor. 
Od. 4, 4, 38. 9, auctor (a warrant, 
voucher): when this from one w. had 
made ils way to many, one passing it 
on to another, there seemed to be many 
ws to the fact, hoc ubi uno auctore ad 
plures permanaverat, atque alius alli 
transdiderat, plures auctores ejus rei 
videbantur, Caes. B, C. 2, 29. 3. ar- 
biter, tri, m. (one who ts present to hear 
or see): Pomponius rose, and having 
removed all w.s, bade the young man 
come to him, Pomponius surrexit Te- 
motisque arbitris ad se adolescentem 
jussit venire, Cic. Off. 3, 31, £12. 4. 
spectator (a beholder): a w. of the con- 
test, spectator certaminis, Liv. 1, 28: 
v. EYEWITNESS, SPECTATOR. I]. The 
evidence given: testimdnium: to bear 
w. against any one, testimonium in 
aliquem dicere, Cic. Rose. Am. 36, 102: 
false w., falsa testimontia, PL. Rud. proL 
13: to deliver by way of w., dicere pro 
testimonio, Cic. Rose. Am. 35, Tol: ¥. 


“they trembled at the appearance from | EVIDENCE. Phr.: to invoke as w.* 


953 


WITNESS 





testari, testificari: I invoke all men and 
gods as w.s, omnes homines deosque | 
testor, Cic. Caecin. 29, 83: he invoked as 
w.s men, she a goddess, ille homines, haec | 
ast testificata deam, Ov. H. 20, 160: to 
call as w. to a summons, antestari (of 
the plaintiff when summoning the de- 
fendant into court: cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 16): 
to bear w., testari, testificari: v. TO wIt- 
NESS. 

witness (v.): |. To attest: il, 
testor, 1: J confess, you may w., Qut- 
rites, set your seal thereto, confiteor, 


testere licet, signate Quirites, Ov. Pont. | 


4, 15, 11: that the matter might be 
better w.’d to by the eyes of many, 
ut res multorum oculis esset testatior, 
Cic. Coel. 27, 64. 9, attestor, 1: 
a short fable of Aesop w.s this, hoc 
attestatur brevis Aesopi fabula, Phaedr. 
Te lO > 3, testificor, I: you 
w. what I have at any time said or 
written, testificaris quid dixerim ali- 
quando aut scripserim, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 
33. The Latin verbs are more used in 
the general sense to protest, aver; for 
the strictly legal sense some phrase 
with testis, testimonium seems pre- 
ferred. Il. Zo see, behold, observe: 
Vv. 10 SEE, TO BEHOLD, TO OBSERVE. 
witnessing : 1. testificatio (a 
bearing of witness): tf all w. of that 
fact were removed, si omnis testificatio 
ejus rei tolleretur, Cic. Verr. 4, 42, 92. 
Q. testatio: Quint. 
witticism: dictérium (a bon mot): 
you utter your w.s on all, dictevia 
dicis in omnes, Mart. 6, 44, 3: there seems 
to be no other Latin substantive in the 
singular for a witticism: for the plural 
use facetiae, sales, joci: v. WIT, WAG- 
cery. Phr.: a good w.! facete dic- 
tum! Pl. Capt. 1, 2, 73: the Sicilians 
are never so hard put to it as not to 
have some w. @ propos, vunquam tam 
male est Siculis quin aliquid facete et 
commode dicant, Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 95. 
wittily: 1, facéte: to laugh at 
the Stoics w. and neatly, facete et ur- 
bane Stoicos ridere, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 39. 
Q. lepide: he jested w., lepide lusit, 
id. de Or. 3, 43, I71. 3, salse: to 
say something w., dicere aliquid salse, 
id. de Or. 2, 68, 275. 4. urbane: 
being w. attacked, urbane vexatus, id. 
QUET=2.05, 3: 5, festive: to defeat 
an argument w., festive argumentum 
dissolvere, id. Div. 7, 15, 35. For the 
distinctions of sense, v. WIT, WITTY. 
witty: 1, facétus (of elegant 
wit): pleasant and w., and of a merry 
style of conversation, dulcis et facetus 
festivique sermonis, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108. 
9. lépidus: we know how to dis- 
tinguish an inelegant saying from a 
w. one, scimus inurbanum lepido se- 
ponere dicto, Hor. A. P. 273. gi 
urbanus (of refined town polish; op- 
posed to rusticus): this‘eman you think 
pleasant, w., and frank, hic tibi comis 
et urbanus liberque videtur, Hor. S. 1, 
4, 90. 4, salsus (sharp, pungently 
witty): to be ever so facetious and w., is 





not a thing of itself so overmuch to be 
coveted, esse quamvis facetum atque 
salsum non nimis est per se ipsum in- 
videndum, Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 228: many 
laughable and w. sayings of the Greelcs, 
ridicula et salsa multa Graecorum, ib. 2, 
54, 217-8, dicax (smart in attack or 
repartee): a charming, w., and elegant 
fellow, homo venustus et dicax et ur- 
banus, Cat. 22, 2: w. at your expense, 
dicax in te, Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 78. 6. 
ingénidsus (of natural parts, wit, in the 
older sense of the word): a man w. 
and learned, vir ingeniosus et eruditus, 
Cic. Att. 14, 20. 

wizard: 1. magus: what witch, 
what w., by Thessalian drugs, will be 
able to loose you ? quae saga, quis te sol- 
vere Thessalis magus venenis poterit? 
Hor, Od. t, 27, 22. 2, venéficus (one 
who uses poisonous drugs): what w. in 
the whole of Italy, quis in tota Italia 
veneficus, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7. 

wizened: 1, rétorridus: a w. 
forehead, retorrida frons, Col.: @ w. 

954 


WOMAN 


| mouse, retorridus mus, Phaedr. 4, I, 27. 


2. * contractus (drawn, shrivelled), 
riigosus (wrinkled), tenuis (thin, small). 
woad: 1, vitrum: all the Britons 
dye themselves with w., which produces 
a blue colour, omnes Britanni se vitro 
inficiunt, quod caeruleum efficit co- 
lorem, Caes. B. G. 5, 14. 2. glas- 
cumin Rline22 sz 8. * isatis 
tinctoria: Linn. 
woe; dolor, Juctus, aerumna, cala- 
mitas: V.GRIEF, SORRow. Phr.: w. is 
me! vae mihi, vae mihi misero, PI. : 
Ter.: w. to the vanquished, vae victis, 
Liv. 5, 48. 
woeful: 1, tristis, ©: I never saw 
you more w., nunquam ego te tristiorem 
vidi esse, Pl. Cist. 1, 1, 55: @ w. coun- 
tenance, vultus tristis, Pl. Most. 3, 2, 
124: w. wars, tristia bella, Hor. A. P. 
nip. 2. maestus: why do I see you so 
w. and sad ? quid vos muestos esse tam 
tristesque conspicor? Pl. Bac. 4, 4, 18: 
with w. and disturbed looks, maesto et 
conturbato vultu, Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27. 


sight, miserabilis aspectus, Cic. Phil. 2, 
29. 73. 4, flebilis, e (lamentable) : set 
before your eyes that pitiable and w. 
sight, ponite ante oculos miseram illam 
et flebilem speciem, Cic. Phil. 11, 3, 7. 
5. luctudsus (fraught with sor- 
row): wretched and w. times, misera 
tempora et luctuosa, Cic. Fam. 5, 14. 
6. aerumnosus (of persons loaded 

with grief): unhappy and w., infelix et 
aerumnosus, Cic. Verr. 5, 62, 162: v. 
SAD, PITIABLE, GRIEVOUS. 

woefully: 1. misére: it is w. 
written, Pseudolus! Ps. O most w.! 
misere scriptum, Pseudole! Ps. O miser- 
rime! Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 72. 9. flebiliter : 
to lament w., flebiliter lamentari, Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 21, 49. 3, triste (poet.) : 
why weep you more w. than captive 
Andromache ? quid fles captiva tristius 
Andromacha? Prop. 2, 20, 2: Vv. SOR- 
ROWFULLY, MISERABLY, PITEOUSLY. 

wolf: 1, liipus: the lioness fol- 
lows the w., the w. the goat, leaena lupum 
sequitur, lupus ipse capellam, Virg. E. 
2, 63. 2. lupa (she-wolf): a gray 
she-w. running down from the Lanuvian 
lands, ab agro rava decurrens lupa Lanu- 
vino, Hor. Od. 3, 27,3. Phr.: the teats 
of a w.: Yapina ubera, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19. 

wolfs-bane: @ plant: acodnitum: 
nor do hapless gatherers pluck wolfs- 
bane unawares, nec miseros fallunt 
aconita legentes, Virg. G. 2, 152: used 
also by Pliny: perh. the Latin word in- 
cludes more than one species: *aconitum 
napellus, Bot.: v. Smith’s Lat. Dict.: 
aconitum, 

— -claw: *lycopus or lycopodium 
clavatum : Bot. 

— -milk: a plant with a milk-like 


sap: tithymalus: Plin.: *euphorbia, 
Linn. 
woman: 1. miilier, Gris (used 


both of married and unmarried ; but 
esp. @ grown w., not a girl): all w. 
because of the weakness of their mind 
our ancestors would have under guar- 
dians, mulieres omnes propter infirmi- 
tatem consilii majores in tutorum potes- 
tate esse voluerunt, Cic. Mur. 12, 27: a 
chaste w. (wife), pudica m., Hor. Epod. 
Dy 38) 2. femina (refers esp. to 
sex; opp. to vir): how Sithon was 
doubtful in sex, now man, now w., ut 
ambiguus fuerit modo vir, modo femina 
Sithon, Ov. M. 4, 280. 3. puella (@ 
young w.): young w. already married, 
puellae jam virum expertae, Hor. Od. 
3, I4, Io. 4, virgo, inis (maiden, 
young unmarried w.): ah! hapless w., 
ah! virgo infelix, Virg. E. 6, 47. 5. 
jlveénis (young w.): Cornelia is a young 
w., Cornelia juvenis est, Plin. 7, 36, 36. 

6. anus, is (an old w.): what old 
w. is so crazy as to fear that? quae est 
anus tam delira quae ista timeat? Cic. 
‘Tuse. I, 21, 48. 7. vetila (implying 
contempt generally): all your friends, 
Fabulla, are either oid w. or ugly, 
omnes aut vetulas habes amicas, aut 
turpes, Fabulla, Mart. 8.79, 1. Phr.. 





WONDER 


belonging to a w.: 1, muliebris: 
the voice of @ w., vox muliebris. Cic. 
de Or. 3, 11, 41° the rights of wo- 
men, muliebria jura, Liv. 34. 3. im w’s 
fashion, wuliebriter, Hor. Od. 1, 37, 
22. 2, femineus (mostly poetical ; 
and with esp. reference to sez, as opp. to 
male): the sex of w., feminea sors, Ov. 
M. 6, 680: love for aw., femineus amor, 
id. Am. 3, 2, 40. 

womanish: 1, milliebris : a w. 
and weak sentiment, muliebris enerva- 
taque sententia, Cic. usc. 2,6, 15. 2, 
fémineus: she was inflamed with a w. 
love of booty and spoil, femineo praedae 
et spoliorum ardebat amore, Virg. Aen. 
11, 782. 3, effeminatus (effeminate) : 
that there be nothing 1». or soft, ne quid 
effeminatum aut molle sit, Cic. Off. 1, 
35, 129. 

Wwomanishly: miiliebriter: if he 
give himself up w. to wailings and tears, 
si se lamentis muliebriter lacrimisque 
dedet, Cic. Tusce. 2, 21, 48. 

womanly: miliebris: w. beauty, 
muliebris venustas, Cic. Off. 1, 36, 130. 

womb: 1, titérus: Hor. Od. 3, 
2252s 2. venter, tris, m. (the belly): 
she pays for the killing of men when 
yet in the w., homines in ventre nec- 
andos conducit, Juv. 6, 596. 3. 
alvus, f.: to carry in the w., in alvo 
gestare, Pl. Stich. 2, 1, 5. 

wonder (subs.): |. Astonish- 
ment : miratio: to excite w., 
nirationem facere, Cic. Div. 2, 22, 49. 

2. admiratio (more used than 
miratio: both most frequently ex- 
press w. at something grand and ad- 
mirable): to jeel w., admiratione aftici, 
Cic. Off. 2, 10, 37 : astounded with w., ad- 
miratione obstupefacti, id. Deiot. 12, 34: 
w. at a fluent and wise speaker, adm. 
copiose sapienterque dicentis, id. Off. 2, 
14: theconsul was seized with w. that they 
did not begin the fight, consulem adm. 
incessit quod non pugnam inirent, Liv. 
7, 34. 8. sttipor (blank amazement): 
when all the others were rooted to the 
spot in w. and silence, quum stupor 
silentiumque ceteros defixisset, Liv. 6, 

©: ¥. ASTONISHMENT, AMAZEMENT. 
I. The thing wondered at, a prodigy, 
a miracle. 1, miractlum: the por- 
tents and w.s of dreaming philosophers, 
portenta et miracula philosophorum 
somniantium, Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 18: the 
seven w.s of the world, *septem miracula 
mundi: v. MIRACLE, PRODIGY. x 
mirum: you tell of great w.s, nimia 
mira memoras, Pl. Am. 5, 1,53. Pbhr.: 
a w. (of @ person), homo mirificus, Cic. 
Att. 4, 11, 2: when lost in w. I was 
gazing on this, haec cum intuerer stu- 
pens, Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18: what w. is it if 
old men are at times weak ? quid mirum 
in senibus si infirmi sunt aliquando? 
Cic. de Sen, 11, 35: no wonder: non 
mirum est, non est quod miremur, Cic. : 
also by quippe, scilicet, nempe; 10 
w. for he was a kindly man, quippe 
benignus erat, Hor. S. 1, 2, 4 (e Kr.). 

wonder (”.): 1, miror, 1, dep.: J 
cannot sufficiently w. at the carelessness 
of the man, mirari Satis hominis negligen- 
tiam non queo, Cic. Att. 10, 5,3: if any 
one w.s that I come here to accuse, si 
quis miratur me ad accusandum descen- 
dere, id. Div. in Caec. 1, 1: do you w. at 
the son's taking after the father? idne 
tu miraris si patrissat filius? Pl. Ps. 1, 
Cheb Q, admiror: I w.’d at the 
shortness of your letter, admiratus sum 
brevitatem epistolae, Cic. Att. 6, 9: J 
w. how he escaped, admiror quo pacto 
fugerit, Hor. S 1, 4, 99: I w. that they 
are not contented in serious matters with 
their native tongue, admiror cur in gra- 
vissimis rebus non delectet eos patrius 
sermo, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4. 3, demiror 
(to w. greatly): that you in your folly 
desired this, Iw. not, that you hoped in 
my consulship to gain it, Ido greatly w., 
haec ego vos concupiisse pro vestra stul- 
titia non miror, sperasse me consuie 
assequi posse demiror, Cic. Agr. 2, 36 
100; Iw. who knows, demiror qui sciat, 
Pl, Am. 2, 2, 133. 





WONDERFUL 


WOOER 


WORD 





wonderful: 1. mirus (strange, sur- 
prising, in any way): J am possessed 
with a w. longing for the city, mirum 
ae desiderium tenet urbis, Cic, Fam. 2, 
11: the minds of all were changed in a 
w. manner, mirum in modum conversae 
sunt omnium mentes, Caes. B. G, 1, 41. 

9. mirabilis, e: unexpected and w., 

inopinatum ac mirabile, Cie. Parad. 5, 1, 
35: w. to tell, mirabile dictu, Virg. G. 2, 
30. 8. mirandus: sunk to a w. depth, 
mirandam in altitudinem depressum, 
Cic. Verr. 5, 27, 68. 4, admirabilis, e 
(esp. admirable) : a w. orator, adm. in 
dicendo vir, Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 6: these 
things they call paradozical, we w., 
haec rapadoéa illi, nos admirabilia dici- 
mus, Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 74- 5, admiran- 
dus: things to Le looked up to and w., 
suspicienda et admiranda, Cic. Div. 2, 
72, 148: w. sights, though of small 
things, admiranda spectacula levium 
rerum, Virg. G. 4, 3. 6. mirificus 
(surprising in ¢//ecl): a tower of great 
height and w. consti uwction, turris magna 
altitudine mirificis operibus exstructa, 
Caes. B.C. 3, 112. 7. permirus (very 
w.): it seems tome very w. that there ts 
any one, mihi permirum videtur quem- 
quam exstare, Cic. Div. 2, 47, 99. 
Phr.: to be w., esse miraculo, Liv. 
25, 8: he changes himself into all kinds 
of w. shapes, omnia transformat sese in 
miracula rerum, Virg. G. 4, 441. 

wonderfully : 1, mire: the 
municipal towns are w. partial to the 
boy, puero municipia m. favent, Cic. Att. 
16, 11, 6. 2, mirabiliter: to rejoice 
w., m. laetan, Cic. Fam. 11, 14. 3: 
mirifice: to be w. delighted, m. delectari, 
Cie. Acad. 2, 2, 4. 4, admirabiliter : 
to speak too w. and too grandly, nimis 
adm. nimisque magnifice dicere, Cic. 
Tuse. 4, 16, 36. Phr.: to hate w., miris 
modis odisse, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 104: that 
was w. serviceable toward the harmony 
of the state, id mirum quantum profuit 
ad concordiam civitatis, Liv. 2, 1: our 
Cnaeus has proved w. covetous of a regal 
power like that of Sulla, mirandum in 
modum Cnieus noster similitudinem 
Sullani regni concupivit, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 3. 

wonderfulness: admirabilitas : 
how great is the w. of the things of 
heaven and earth, quanta sit admira- 
bilitas caelestium rerum atque terres- 
trium, Cic. N. D. 2, 36, go. 

Wondrous: Y. WONDERFUL. 

wont (subs.): 1, mos, moris, m. : 
Cic. 9. consuétido, inis, f.: against 
wand custom, contra morem consuetudi- 
nemque, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148: v. CUSTOM. 
Phr.: my eyes see further than is their 
w., longius assneto lumina nostra vident, 
Ov. H. 6, 72: joyful beyond their w., 
praeter solitum laeti, Virg. G. 1, 412. 

wont (adj.): suétus, assuctus: Vv. 
ACCUSTOMED, Phr.: to be w.: solere, 
assolere, consuevisse, assuevisse: v. TO 
accustom. J am w. so to do, ita fert 
mea consuetudo, Cic.: as I am w. to do, 
ut meus est mos, Hor. 

wonted: 1. assuétus: « is pleas- 
ing to spend time in one’s w. art, tem- 
pus assueta ponere in arte juvat, Ov. 
Pont. 1, 5,36. 2, consuétus: Proteus 
seeking his w. caves, Proteus consueta 
petens antra, Virg. G. 4, 429. 3. 
sdlitus: the countryman will go to his 
w. task, ad solitum rusticus ibit opus, 
Ov. Fast. 4, 168: v. CUSTOMARY. 

woo: 1, péto, ivi and ii, itum, 5: 


many w.’d her, she scorned her wooers, | f. 


multi illam petiere, illa aversata petentes, 
Ov. M. 1, 478. 2. colo, ui, cultum, 3 
(to court with ambitious views): that he 
might w. her more effectively, quo effica- 
cius coleret, Suet. Oth. 2. 8. capto, 
1: to w. maidens, captare puellas, Ov. 
A. A.1, 403. 4, amo, 1 (to love): if 
any one knows not the art of w.ing, si 
quis artem non novit amandi, Ov. A, A. 
1, Te 5, ambio, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (to 
court the favour of): thee the poor man 
w.s with constant prayer, te pauper am- 

bit sollicita prece, Hor. Od. 1, 35, 5- 
wood: }. he substance, timber: 
}. lignum: the trunlc of a fig-tree, 


useless w., truncus ficulnus, inutile lig- 
num, Hor. S. 1, 2, 1: in pl. of small 
sticks, esp. firewood: he ordered a fire 
to be made with green and moist w., 
ignem ex lignis viridibus atque bumidis 
fieri jussit, Cic. Verr. 1, 17. 2. mia- 
téria (large solid w., timber): between 
the bark and the w., inter librum et 
materiam, Col.: ail w., whether of culti- 
vated or wild trees, we use partly for 
warming the body, partly for building, 
omni materia et culta et silvestri partim 
ad calefaciendum corpus utimur, partim 
ad aedificandum, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151. 
Phr.: the substanee of w., lignea ma- 
teria, Cic. Inv. 2, 57, 170: Vv. WOODEN. 
Il. he place where treesare: 1, 
silva: fire would destroy the w.s, ignes 
conticerent silvas, Lucr. 1, 905: (Caesar 
determined to cut down the w.s, Caesar 
silvas caedere instituit, Caes, B. G. 3, 29. 
2. némus, oris, n. (a wood with 
glades and pasture): w.s and forests, 
nemora silvaeque, Cic. Div. 1, 50: a@ w. 
| thick with trees, nemus densum arbori- 
bus, Ov. F. 6, 9. 8, lacus (strictly, 
a sacred w. or grove): the w.s which 
India bears, quos gerit India lucos, Virg. 
G. 2,122. 4, saltus, is (a w.’d glen, 
valley, a forest-pasture): so that he 
hurried out of his hiding-places, and 
| forests or w.s, ut ille latebris ac silvis 
aut saltibus se eriperet, Caes. B. G. 6, 
| 43: let them feed in the open w.s, salti- 
/bus in vacuis pascant, Virg. G. 3, 143. 
| Fig.: to get one safe out of the w. (of 
danger), ex saltu damni elicere foras, 
Pl. Men. 5, 6, 30. 

woodcock:; scolopax: Nemes.: * scé- 
lopax rusticdla: Linn. 

wooded: silvestris, silvosus, nemor- 
osus, saltuosus: Vv. WOODY, 

wooden: 1. ligneus a w. bridge, 
ligneus ponticulus, Cic. ase 5, 20. 

9. lignedlus (of small objects): a 
w. candlestick, 1. lychnuchus, Cic. Q. Fr. 
Bee 

wood-engraving: *ars scalpendi 
lignum. 

woodlan.: silvae, nemora, saltus: 
vy. woop. Phr.: w. glades, nemorum 
saltus, Virg. Eh. 6, 56: the w. Faun, silvie 
| cola Faunus, Virg. Aen. fo, 551: w. deer, 
w. boar, cerva silvicultrix, aper nemori- 
vagus, Cat. 63, 72: w. caves, silvestria 
antra, Ov. M. 13, 47. 

—-louse: 1, dniscus: Plin. 

2, multipéda (also millépeda, cen- 
tipéda): Plin. 
-man: 1, lignator (one who 
cuts wood for an army): the w. being 
overpowered, oppressis lignatoribus, Caes, 
Bo Ges; 26: 2. *qni ligna caedit 
(lignicida not used, as Varro says, L. L. 
8, 13, 114). 
-nymph: 1. Dryas, Adis 
(tree-nymph): trip tt hither ye Fauns 
and maiden w.s, ferte simul Faunique 
pedem, Dryadesque puellae, Virg. G. 1, 
11: in sing. rare: of*en has a rustic w. 
lurked under this leaf, saepe sub hac 
latuit rustica fronde Dryas, Mart. 9, 62, 
14. 2. Himadryas, adis (mostly in 
pl.: nymphs inseparable from their 
trees): the sister w.s, Hamadryades sor- 
ores, Prop. 2, 23, 93- 

——-pecker: picus: there are too 
small, birds with crooked claws, as the 
w.s, of great moment in augury, sunt et 
parvae aves uncorum unguium, ut pici, 
in auspicatu magni, Plin. ro, 18, 20. 
-pigeon: palumbes, is, m. and 
the hoarse w.s, raucae palumbes, 
Virg. E. 1, 58. 

woody: |. Full of w. fibres: lig- 
nosus: a w. fruit, lignosus fructus, Plin. 
24, 9, 42. []. Abounding in trees: 

I silvestris, e: a w. place, silvestris 
locus, Cic. Am. 19, 68. 9. silvosus: 
w. glens, silvosi saltus, Liv. 9, 2. 3. 
némodrosus: w. Zacynthus, nemorosa 
Zacynthus, Virg. Aen. 3, 270. 4, 
saltudsus (full of wood or w.’d defiles): 
loca saltuosa, Sall. J. 38. 

wooer: 1. pricus: Penelope cruel 
to her w.s, Penelope difficilis procis, 
Hor. Od. 3, 10, 11: shameless w.s (fig.), 
impudentes proci, Cic. Brut. 96, 330. 

















9. amator (lover): he wno had been 
a friend became a w., qui fuerat cultor 
factus amator erat, Ov. A. A. I, 722 
3. amiasius (a sweetheart): PL 

GelL 

woof: 1, trama (the cross threads, 
opp. to stamen: but Sen. Ep. go, seems 
to distinguish it from subtemen). Fig. : 
a tenacious w. (or web), tenax trama, 
Plin. 11, 24, 28. 9, subtémen, inis, n.: 
the w. is inserted between by the sharp 
shuttles, inseritur medium radiis sub- 
temen acutis, Ov. M. 6, 56: v. Smith's 
Dict. Ant. TELA, p. 941. 

wool: 1, lana: you come to me 
with your distaff and w., ad me venis 
cnm tua colu et lana, Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 
277: to card w., lanam carere, Pl. Men. 
5, 2,46: to spin w., |. ducere, Ov. M. 4, 
34: to dye w., |. tingere, ib. 6, 9: to 
work in w., |. facere, ib. 6, 31: w. shorn 
near Luceria, lanae tonsae prope Lucer- 
iam, Hor. Od. 3, 15, 13: thin fleecy clouds 
like w., tenuia vellera lanae, Virg. G. 1, 
397. 2. laniigo, inis, /. (woolliness, 
down): hair soft as w., comae lanuginis 
instar, Ov. Am. 1, 14, 23. Phr.:a@ 
worker in w., lanarius, Pl. Aul. 3,5, 14. 
w.-bearing trees, \aniferae arbores, Plin.: 
much cry and little w., *vox et praeterea 
nihil. 

woollen: laneus: a w. cloak, lane- 
um pallium, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: @ w. 
waistcoat, thorax laneus, Suet. Aug. 82. 


—— -draper: Janarius (prop. a 
worker in wool): Inscr. 
woolly: 1, laneus: pears with a 


w. skin, pira corio laneo, Plin. 15, 15, 16. 
2. lanatus (covered with wool): 
w. sheep, lanatae oves, Col.: 1. apples 
(with a downy skin), lanata mala, Plin. 
3. laniger (wool-bearing: poet.): 
the w. flocks, lanigerae greges, Virg. G. 
3, 28. 
wool-working: lanificus: a w. 
hand, \anifica manus, Tib. 2, 1, to. 
word: |. A word, spoken m 
written : 1, verbum (the most ge- 
neral term, of words, spoken or written): 
aw. once uttered flies away past recal, 
semel emissum volat irrevocabile ver- 
bum, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 71: you see that 
by this one w. two things are meant, 
videtis hoc uno verbo significari duas res, 
Cic. Caecin. 30, 88: the very w. itself, 
“ pleasure,” has no dignity, verbu ip- 
sum voluptatis non habet dignitatem, 
id. Fin. 2, 23, 75: to stamp things with 
w.s by way of marks, nt signa quaedam 
sic verba rebus imprimere, id. Rep. 3, 2, 3 
choice of w.s is the origin of eloquence, 
delectus verborum origo est eloquentiae. 
id. Brut. 72, 253: what need of ws? 
quid verbis opust? Pl. Am. 1, 1, 289: 
insulting w.s, contumelia verborum, 
Caes. B. G. 5, 58: character, disgrace, 
infamy, are but w.s and folly, existi- 
matio, dedecus, infamia, verba sunt 
atque ineptiae, Cic. Pis. 27, 65: the force 
of w.s, not the weight of things, ver- 
borum momenta non rerum pondera, 
id. Rep. 3, 8, 12: in w. all are free, 
verbo sunt liberi omnes, ib. 1, 31, 47: 
Latin plays translated w. for w. from 
the Greek, fabellae Latinae ad verbum 
de Graecis expressae, id. Fin. 1, 2, 4: 
w. for w., verbum e verbo, id. Tnse. 3, 
4, 7: to translate w. for w., verbum pro 
verbo reddere, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 14: 
verbum verbo r., Hor, A. P. 133: inaw 
(to sum up all in one w.), uno verbo, Cic. 
Phil. 2, 22, 54: O that you could say 
that w. (saying) from your heart and 
with truth, utinam istuc verbum ex 
animo ac vere diceres, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 95 
9, dictum (a spulen w. or saying): 
what is the matter, that no one values 
my w.? quid hoe est negoti neminem 
meum dictum magni facere? Pl. Asin. 
2, 4, 1: to seduce by fine w.s, phaleratis 
dictis ducere, Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 16: he obeyed 
his w., dicto paruit, Liv. 9, 41. 3) 
vocabiilum (an appellation of a parti- 
cular thing): the name is that which is 
given to each person as the distinctive 
special and fixed w. by which each is 
called, nomen est quod unicuique per- 
sonae attribuitur quo suo quaeque pro- 
955 


WORD 


WORK 


WORKING 





prio et certo vocabulo appellatur, Cic. 
Inv. I, 24, 34: without changing the 
things they changed the w.s., rebus non 
commutatis immutaverunt vocabula, id. 
Leg. 1, 13, 38. 4, nomen, inis, n. (a 
name): to apply new w.s to new things, 
novis rebus nova nomina imponere, Cic, 
Fin. 3, 1, 3. 5. vox, vocis, f. (an ex- 
pression, utterance, of one or more words) : 
that he, who is always saying that we 
ought diligently to bring ovt the force 
that underlies w.s, does not understand 
the meaning of this word “ pleasure,” 
eum qui crebro dicat diligenter oportere 
exprimi quae vis subjecta sit vocibus, non 
intelligere quid sonet haec vox volup- 
tatis, Cic. Fin. 2, 2, 6: a w. uttered 
cannot return, nescit vox missa reverti, 
Hor. A. P. 390: determine that there is 
no succour in these words, Tam a Roman 
citizen, constitue nibil esse opis in hac 
voce, Civis Romanus sum, Cic. Verr. 5, 
65, 168: when the w.s of that gladiator 
had become known, num illius gladia- 
toris voces precrebuissent, id. Mur. 25, 50. 
Phr.: 4 w. with you: ausculta paucis : 
audi paucis: paucis te volo: Ter.: ina 
w., in a few w.s: breviter: paucis: ne 
multa: Cic.: to give ill w.s to any one, 
maledicere alicui, Cic.: to give any one 
a good w., favere, suffragari, alicui (to 
favour, vote for): Cic.: commendare 
aliquem (to recommend) : Cic.: to have 
w.s with any one, altercari cum aliquo, 
Liv.: v. TO QUARREL. Il. Message, 
information : hence, to send, send back 
w., nuntiare, renuntiare : certiorem fac- 
ere aliquem: to write, write back w., 
scribere, rescribere : v. MESSAGE, TO IN- 
FORM. Ul. Promise: to keep one’s w., 
fidem praestare, servare: to break one’s 
w., fidem violare, fallere : to take a per- 
son’s w., alicui eredere: he will believe 
my w. sooner than your oath, injurato 
plus credet mihi quam jurato tibi, Pl. 
Am. 1, 1, 284: he is as good as his 
w., firmavit fidem, Ter. Andr. 3, 1, 4: v. 
PROMISE. 

word (v.): concipio, cépi, ceptum, 3 : 
having changed a few terms in the form 
and in the w.ing of the oath, paucis 
verbis carminis concipiendique juris- 
jurandi mutatis, Liv. 1, 32: v. TO Ex- 
PRESS. 

wordy: verbosus: a w. pretence of 
wisdom, verbosa simulatio prudentiae, 
Cic. Mur. 14, 30: he objected to him as 
w.and careless in his history, ut ver- 
bosum in historia negligentemque car- 
pebat, Suet. Cal. 34. 

work (subs.): 1. Opus, éris, n. 
(the act of w.ing, and the thing completed 
by the w., as a building. a book, etc.): 
for eight successive months they had 
no lack of w., menses octo continuos 
opus his non defuit, Cic. Verr. 4, 24, 
54: speaking in all other cases is play, 
tn the exertions at the bar it is labo- 
rious w., omnium ceterarum rerum 
oratio ludus est, in caussarum conten- 
tionibus magnum est quoddam opus, 
id. de Or. 2, 17, 72: the toilsome w. of 
war, grave Martis opus, Virg. Aen. 8, 
516: to accomplish w., opus efficere, Cic. 
Att. 9, 11, 2: an urn of beautiful w. 
(workmanship), hydria praeclaro opere, 
id. Verr. 4, 14, 32: in plur. esp. of 
siege-works : he commenced an attack on 
the city by w.s, operibus oppugnare 
urbem est adortus, Liv. 37, 5: w.s and 
Fortifications, opera munitionesque, Cic, 
Phil. 13, 9, 20: demolition of public .s, 
(buildings), publicorum operum depo- 
pulatio, id. Verr. Act. 1, 4, 12: Ihave 
an important w. (bool) in hand, habeo 
Magnum opus in manibus, id. Acad. 1, 
X12) 2, Opéra (labowr, pains): the 
hand and w. of men, hominum manus 
atque opera, Cic. Off. 2, 2, 14: to bestow 
great zeal and much w. on maiters, 
magnum studium multamque operam 
in res cenferre, ibid. i, 6, ig: you had 
spent more w. and labour, plus operae 
laborisque consumpseras, id de Or. 1, 55, 
234: in the agricultural writers esp. of 
a day’s w. for a labourer; one day’s w. 
for a hoy, puerilis una opera, Col. 11, 2, 
4: there will remain a w. to mark this 

956 





| laboro, 1: 





foreign travel, exstubit opera peregri- 
nationis hujus, Cic. Att. 15,13, 2: w.s of 
spiders (spidei's’ webs), operae aranearum, 
Pl. Asin. 2, 4, 19. 3, labor (labour, 
trouble): what money or w. he may have 
spent on this matter, quid sumptus 
in eam rem aut laboris insumpserit, Cic. 
Inv. 2, 38, 112: to lighten w., laborem 
levare, id. Or. 34, 120: the fruit of w.: 
the glud crops and w.s of owen, sala 
laeta boumque labores, Virg. G. 1, 325. 
4, factum (a thing done): aglorious 
and divine w., factum praeclarum atque 
divinum, Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 114: the w.s of 
men and oxen, bominum, boum facta, 
Ov. H. fo, 60. 5, res, rei, /. (a thing, 
a matter taken in hand): he undertakes 
the w., rem suscipit, Caes. B. G. £, 9. 
6. Spusciilum (a small w. ; esp. a 
writing); why an ungrate/ul reader de- 
preciates my w.s, mea cur ingratus 
opuscula lector premat, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 
35. 7, Opella (petty w.): the w. of 
the forum, opella torensis, Hor. Kp. 1, 
4, 8. 8. pensum (the day’s portion 
weighed out to wool-spinners) : maidens 
plying their nightly w., nocturna car- 
pentes pensa puellae, Virg. G. 1, 390: J 
shall vecal myself to my duty and w., 
me ad meum munus pensumque revo- 
cabo, Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119. Phr.: ws 
of art, avtes: works of art wrought by 
Parrhasius, artes quas Parrhasius pro- 
tulit, Hor. Od. 4, 8,5: woman's w.: tela 
(weaving), lana, lanificium (wool-work- 
ing), pictura (embroidery): acc. to the 
special kind: zeal for woman’s w., 
operosae Minervae studium, Hor. Od. 3, 
12, 4: the w.s (machinery) of a clock, 
etc.: machinatio: when we see anything 
moved by w.s, as a sphere, a timepiece, 
and many other things, quam machi- 
natione quadam moveri aliquid videmus, 
ut sphaeram, ut horas, ut alia permulta, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97: the w.s (place where 
the w.ing is dime) of a manufactory : 
*officina: good w.s, *recte honesteque 
facta, virtus: this is not the 1. of chance, 
id evenit non casu, Cic. N. D. 2, 2,6: it 
is a w. of time, *tempore eget ad confi- 
ciendum. 
work(v.): |, Intrans.: 1, Opér- 
or, I, dep.: the older bees w. within, 
seniores apes intus operantur, Plin. 11, 
10,10: the youth w.ing in the new fields, 
arvis novis operata juventus, Virg. Aen. 
3, 136: some woman w.ing at the web, 
aliqua textis operata, Tib. 2, 1,65. 2, 
as long as they understood 
that they were sowing, spending, and 
w.ing Jor themselves and not for Verres, 
quamdiu intelligebant sese sibi, non 
Verri, serere, impendere, laborare, Cic. 
Verr. 3, §2, 121: with acc. of the task 
w.dat: I w.at my task, pensa laboro, 
Prop. 4,055 33: 3, élaboro (to w. 
thoroughly): I am bound to w. for this 
that my countrymen may be more learned, 
debeo in eo elaborare ut sint doctiores 
cives mei, Cic. Fin. 1,4. 10. Phr.: the 
bees w. within, apes intus opus faciunt, 
Varr. R. R. 3, 16: I have engaged to w. 
to-day for three sesterces, ego operam 
meam tribus nummis hodie locavi: the 
phrr. with “operam” seem more used 
in classical Latin than the verb “oper- 
or”: v. WoRK (subs.). For w. meaning 
Serment : v.TO FERMENT. = ff, Trans.: 
1, exerceo, ui, itum, 2 (to keep in 
constant w. or stir): to collect and w. 
troops, copias cogere, exercere, Caes. 
B. G. 5,55: the body must be w.’d, exer- 
cendum corpus, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 79: Pu 
w. you to-day as you deserve, ego te 
exercebo hodie ut dignus es, Ter. Ad. 4, 
2,48: they w. the hills with the plough- 
share, exercent vomere colles, Virg. Aen. 
1,198: fields or mines for the w.ing of 
which we may be reserved, arva aut met- 
alla quibus exercendis reservemur, ‘l'ac. 
Agr. 31. 2. exercito, 1 (chiefly in 
pass. part.): the mind stirred and w.’d 
with cares, curis agitatus et exercitatus 
animus, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 28. 3. Agito, 
1 (to shake): to be w.d and stirred by 
the violence of the winds, ventorum vi 
agitari atque turbari, Cic. Clu. 4y, 138: 
to be w.’d and terrified by the fires of the 








Furies, agitari et perterreri Furiarum 
taedis ardentibus, id. Rose, Am. 24, 67. 
4, slibigo, égi, actum, 3 (to stir up, 
esp. of soil): practised in wing the soil, 
glebis subigendis exercitati, Cic. Agr. 2, 
31, 84: let him put the meal into a 
mortar, add water gradually, and w. it 
weil, farinam in mortarium indito, aquae 
paullatim addito, subigitoque pulcre, 
Cato R R. 74. 5, colo, ui, cultum, 3 
(to till): it is not all fields that are wa 
that bear fruit, agri non omnes frugi- 
feri sunt qui coluntur, Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 
13. 6, tracto, 1 (to w. this way and 
that, to handle): the wax w.'d by the 
thumb is moulded into many shapes, 
cera tractata pollice multas flectitur in 
facies, Ov. M. 10, 285: to w. the helm of 
state, tractare gubernacula reipublicae, 
Cic. Sest. 9, 20. 7. fingo, nxi, ctum, 
3: to w. in waz, fingere e cera, Cic. 
Verr. 4, 13, 30. 8. fabricor, 1 (to w. 
in hard substances) : those who w. statues, 
ii qui signa fabricantur, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 
147: cups w.’d out of beechwood, fabri- 
cata fago pocula, Ov. M. 8, 669: images 
wrought of gold, simulacra ex auro 
fabricata, Suet. Ner. 32. 9. molior, 
Itus, 4 (to set in motion with effort): the 
husbandman having w.’d the soil with 
the curved plough, agricola incurvo ter- 
ram molitus aratro, Virg. G. 1, 494: 
these jeelings chiefly are to be w.’d in 
the minds of the judges by our speaking, 
haec maxime sunt in judicum animis 
oratione molienda, Cic. de Or. 2, §1, 206. 
10. efficio, féci, factum, 3 (to effect): 
fortune w.s great changes by small 
Jorces, fortuna parvis momenitis magnas 
rerum commutationes efficit, Caes. B. C. 
3,68: v. TO EFFECT, TO PRODUCE. =], 
administro, 1 (to manage): to w. a ship, 
administrare navem, Caes, B. G. 3, 14: 
v.TO MANAGE. Phr.: to w. vigorously 
and diligently on a thing, in aliqua re 
acriter et diligenter versari, Cic. Kep. 1. 
22, 35: whatever can be w.’d out or 
effected, quidquid elaborari aut effici 
poterit, id. Fam. 9, 16, 2: to w. up: per- 
ficere: to w. up skins, wool, coria, lanas 
p-, Plin. ; to w. one’s way through : pene- 
trare, perfodere (to dig through): to w. 
one’s way up to power, ad summas emer- 
gere opes, Lucr. 2, 13: I have seen many 
w. their way out (from profligacy) to 
virtue, multos vidi emersisse ad frugem 
bonam, Cic. Cael. 12, 28: to w. well (be 
useful, succeed): prodesse, provenire : 
if his design had w.’d well, si consilium 
provenisset, Tac. H. 3, 41. 
work-basket : 1, quasillum : 
among the w.s (in the work-room) gold 
was uveighed out, inter quasilla pende- 
batur aurum, Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 10. OR 
qualus: your w.and 1 eaving Cytherea’s 
winged son takes Jrom you, tibi qualum 
Cythereae puer ales, tibi telas aufert, 
Hor. Od. 3, 12, 4. 3, calathus: you 
draw out wool, and lay the fleecy mass 
when finished in the w.s, vos trahitis 
lanam calathisque peracta refertis vel- 
lera, Juv. 2, 54. r 
—— -day: negotiosus dies, Tac, A. 
13, 41: Phr.: on w,-days (common 
days) and holidays, profestis lucibus et 
sacris, Hor. Od. 4, 15, 25: V. WEEK-DAY,. 
worker: v. workman. Phr.: a 
good worker (diligent): diligens: a w. 
in metals, *taber metallicus: @ w. in 
iron. bronze, f. ferrarius, aerarius: Plin.: 
in gold, silver, * aurarius, argentarius. 
workhouse: 1. ergastiilum (house 
of correction and forced labour): Cic. : 
Liv. 2, * ptochotrdphium, or ptochium 
(poor-house) : Cod. Justin. 
working: 1. tractatio (handling, 
management): the w. and employment 
of the voice, tractatio et usus vocis, Cic. 
Or. 18, 59. 2. fabrica: the w. of 
brass and iron, fabrica aeris atque ferri, 
Cie -Ne 1D. 2523,735e 3. cultus, iis: 
the w. of the ground, cultus agrorum, 
Liv. 4, 12. 4. cultio: the w. of the 
ground, agri cultio, Cic. Sen. 16, 56. 
5, effectus, is: of which herbs you 
might see the force and w., quarum her- 
barum vim et effectum videres, Cic. Div. 
2, 20, 47: V. EFFECT. 


a 


WORKMAN 





workman : 
w. are employed in a low art, omnes 
opifices in sordida arte versantur, Cic. 
Off. 1, 42, 150: w. and slaves, opifices 
atque servitia, Sall. C. 50. 2. opéra- 
rius (generally used rather in contempt): 
those whom you would despise as w. 
and barbarians, quos, sicut operarios 
barbarosque contemnas, Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 
104. 3. opéra (usually in plur., of 
day labourers): Col.: you will be added 
a ninth w. to my Sabine farm, accedes 
opera agro nona Sabino, Hor. S. 2, 7, 
118. 4, artifex, icis (an artist; more 
skill is implied than in opifex): those 
w. made likenesses of the body, illi 
artifices corporis simulacra faciebant, 
Cie. Fam. §, 12,7: a cunning w. (fig.)s 
artifex callidus, id. Fin. 2, 35, 116. 
5. taber, bri (a worker in hard 
substances): aw. in wood, faber tigna- 
rius, Cic. Brut. 73, 257: w.s in marble, 
tvory, or brass, marmoris aut eboris 
fabri aut aeris, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 96. 6. 
selliilarius (w. at a sedentary trade, in- 
door w.): the multitude of outdoor and 
indoor w., opificum vulgus et sellularii, 
Liv. 8,20. Phr.: w. handle w.'s tools, 
tractant fabrilia fabri, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 116. 
workmanlike: faber, bra, brum: 
w. art, fabra ars, Ov. M. 8, 159: V. 
SKILFUL, INGENIOUS. 
workmanship: 1. opus, éris, ”.: 
of these he was delighted, not with the 
w., but urth the weight, quorum iste 
non opere delectabatur sed pondere, 
Cic. Verr. 4, 56,124. Q, ars, artis, f.: 
seven tripods equal in weight and w., 
sepiem tripodas pondere et arte pares, 
Ov. H. 3, 32. 
workshop: 1. officina: nor can 
aw. have anything noble, nec quidquam 
ingenuum potest habere officina, Cic. 
Off. 1, 42, 150: whose house is a most 
profitable w. of forgeries, cujus domus 
qnaestuosissima est falsorum chirogra- 
phorum officina, id. Phil. 2,14, 35. 2, 
fabrica: Vulcan who is said to have 
been mastersmith in a w. at Lemnos, 
Vulcanus qui Lemni fabricae traditur 
praefuisse, id. N. D. 3, 22, 55. Pho: 
@ weaver's w., textrinum: Vitr.: v. 
SHOP. 
workwoman: * 5péraria (one who 
works for hire): used by Plautus ironi- 
cally. Phr.: she lived a hard life, 
being a w. in wool, for her livelihood, 
vitam duriter agebat lana ac tela vic- 
tum quaeritans, Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 48: for 
w., as needlewoman, there is no one 
Latin term, though carding and spin- 
ning wool were done by women: young 
w.en at their tasic late at night, nocturna 
carpentes pensa puellae, Virg. 
world: |. Zhe world considered as 
of space; the universe, earth: 
1, mundus (the universe; Gr. xoo- 
pos): the w. is as it were the common 
home of gods and men, or the city of both, 
est mundus quasi communis deorum 
atque hominum domus aut urbs utro- 
Trumque, Cic. N. D. 2,62, 154: this our w. 
you say is not for certain round ; for 
possibly it may be of some other shape, 
and countless other w.s there may be of 
other shapes, nec hune ipsum mundum 
pro certo rotundum esse dicitis; nam 
posse fieri ut alia sit figura: innumer- 
abilesque muudos alios aliarum esse 
formarum, ib. 18, 48: the ramparts of 
the mighty w., magni moenia mundi, 
Luer. 2, 1145: whatever limit bounds 
the w., let him attain to it, quicunque 
mundo terminus obstitit, hune tangat, 
Hor. Od. 3, 3, 53 (in poetry m. often 
means no more than the earth). A, 
orbis, is, m. (the sphere of earth ; in prose 
terrae or terrarum is generally added) : 
should the w. crash in ruins upon him, 
si fractus illabatur orbis, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 
7: no bay in the w., nullus in orbe sinus, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 83: the w. and all nations, 
orbis terrarum gentesque omnes, Clic. 
Agr. 2, 13, 33: (he Campanian land, the 
fairest in the w., ager Campanus orbis 
terrae pulcherrimus, ib. 28, 76: Liber 
comes enriched from the eastern w. 
(clime), Liber eoo dives ab orbe venit, Ov. 


1, Opifex, icis: all 





WORLD 


WORSE 








F. 3,466. 3, terrae, drum (all lands): 
all the money in the w., tanta pecunia 
quanta sit in terris, Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 62: 
where in the w.? ubi terrarum? Cic.: 
wherever in the w. she shall be taken 
Lam resolved to follow, quoquo terrarum 
asportabitur certumst persequi, Ter, Pb. 
oa re t. 2 4, natura (or n. rerum, all 
nature, creation): Cleanthes gives the 
name of God to the mind and soul of 
the whole w., Cleanthes totius naturae 
menti atque animo nomen Pei tribuit, 
Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 37: @ certain reason 
that pervades the whole w., ratio quae- 
dam per omnem rerum naturam per- 
tinens, ib, 14, 36. I. Mankind, all 
men, the public, human affairs, etc. : 

1, mundus (rare in this use) . if you 
will read the records and annals o/ the 
w., tempora si fastosque velis evolvere 
mundi, Hor. 8. 1, 3, 112. 2. homines, 
um: whatever the w. does, quicquid 
agunt homines, Juv. 1, 85: this is the 
way the w, lives, sic vita hominum est, 
Cic.: since the w. began, post homines 
natos, Cic. 3. omnes, ium: the worst 
poet in the w., pessimus omnium poeta, 
Cat.: who is there of all the w.? quis 
enim est omnium? Cic.: the whole w. 
are agreed, omnes ad unum idem sen- 
tiunt, Cie. 4, gentes, ium (all na- 
tions): where in the w. are we? ubinam 
gentium sumus? Cic. §, popiilus (the 
public): what says the w.? quis populi 
sermo est? Pers. 1, 63. the w. hisses me, 
but Lapplaud myself, populus me sibilat, 
at mihi plaudo ipse, Hor. S. 1, 1, 66. 

6, vulgus, i, n.: if the question were 
asked after the speech was concluded, 
the judgment of the wise man would 
never differ from the judgment of the 
w., perorata causa si quaereretur nun- 
quam sapientis judicium a judicio vulgi 
discreparet, Cic. Brut. 53, 198: which we 
perceive to be acceptable to the w., quod 
in vulgus gratum esse sentimus, id. Att. 
ery Sh 7, séciilum (the age, men 
with whom we live): I know this w. 
and its ways, novi ego hoc seculum 
moribus quibus siet, Plaut. 8, res, 
rerum (affairs): ignorance of the w., 
inscitia rerum, Hor.: Ulysses, not to be 
sunk by the buffeting waves of the w., 
Ulixes adversis rerum immersabilis un- 
dis, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22. Wh. Things 
temporal as opposed to eternal ; things 
not religious : 1, *mundus: Vulg., 
passim. Q, *séciilum: loose the body’s 
slave from the chains of the w., servien- 
tem corpori absolve vinclis seculi, Prud. : 
this sense of world, being Christian, finds 
no one classical Latin equivalent: expr. 
by res profanae (as opposed to sacrae), 
humanae; voluptates, illecebrae volup- 
tatum ; curae humanae. Phr.: a citizen 
of the w.: mundanus: Socrates, when 
asked of what city he called himself a 
citizen, answered, Of the w., Socrates 
quum rogaretur cujatem se esse diceret, 
Mundanum, inquit, Cic. Tuse. 5, 37, 108: 
since the beginning of the w., ex onmium 
saeculorum memoria, Cic.: a deed that 
will last to the w.’s end, factum in saecula 
iturum, Sil. 12, 312: w. without end, 
*in secula seculorum, Eccl.: in the w. 
is often a mere expletive: who in the w. ? 
quis tandem? nothing in the w., nihil 
omnino, prorsus nihil: 7 am the very 
wretchedest man in the w., prorsus nibil 
abest quin sim miserrimus, Cic, Att. 11, 
15,3: a man of the w., homo politus, 
urbanus, lautus ( polished) : morum peri- 
tus, multum cum hominibus versatus 
(experienced) : knowledge of the w. (as 
opp. to mere scholastic training), rerum, 
hominum, temporum notitia, Tac. Dial. 
29: as the w. goes, ut sunt mores, Ter. : 
ut nunc est, Hor.: to bring before the w. 
(to make public), in medium proferre, 
Cic.: the w. sometimes with adjectives 
means a class: the literary w., homines 
docti, literati, eruditi: Cic.: the fashion- 
able w., elegantiores : not quite polished 
enough for this critical w., minus aptus 
acutis naribus horum hominum, Hor. S. 
I, 3, 30: to leave the w. (to die), e vita 
excedere: the next w., *futura vita: 


a w. of waters, *aquarum immensitas, | ruere, 








a w, of wonders, * miraculorum infinita 
vis ac varietas. 

worldliness: 1, *profanitas: the 
w. of the ancient heathen writers, superi- 
orum profanitas, Tert. Pall. 2. pt. 
*rerum terrenarum amor, studium. 


worldly : 1, *sécilaris, e: w. 
lusts, secularia desideria, Vulg. Tit. if. 
12. 2. In class. Latin no exact 


equivalent: the idea is too essentially 
Christian: perh. profanus: / hate the w. 
throng, odi profanum vulgus, Hor. Od. 
3, I, t: the distinction between priest 
and people being analogous to that be- 
tween worldly and spiritual: or, ter- 
renus, terrestris (earthly) ; humanus 
(human). Phr.: a w.-minded man, 
*homo diviniorum incuriosus, volupta- 
tibus deditus: could you but rid your- 
self of chilling w. cares, you might 
Follow the leading of heavenly wisdom, 
si frigida curarum fomenta relinquere 
posses, quo te caelestis sapientia duceret 
ires, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 26. 
worm (subs.): |. The animal: 
1, vermis, is, m.: you may see live 
w.s produced from decaying dung, videre 
licet vivos existere vermes stercore de 
taetro, Lucr. 2, 871: earth-w.s, vermes 
terreni, Plin. 18, 17, 45: where their w. 
dieth not, ubi vermis non moritur, Vulg. 
Mark ix. 44. 2, vermiciilus (little w.): 
these substances, when decaying, produce 
w.s, haec quum sunt putrefacta vermi- 
culos pariunt, Lucr. 2, 899. 3, lum- 
bricus: that they may search the marsh 
and dig up w.s, ut rimentur paludem 
effodiantque lumbricos, Col. 7, 9: get 
away, you w., who have just crept out 
Srom beneath the earth, toras, lumbrice, 
qui sub terra erepsisti modo, Pl. Aul. 4, 
4,1 w.s (intestinal) hurt calves, solent 
vitulis nocere lumbrici, Col. 6, 30. 4, 
curctliv, Onis, m. (corn-w.): the w. de- 
stroys the heap of corn, populat farris 
acervum curculio, Virg. G. 1, 185. F 
tinea (small w. that destroys books, 
wood, etc.): Virg.: Hor.: Col.: intes- 
tinal w.: Plin. 6. térédo, inis, f. 
(the boring w.): the ship destroyed by 
the secret w., occulta vitiata teredine 
navis, Ov. Pont. 1, 1, 69. =|, A disease 
under a dog’s tongue, supposed to be 
cuused by a@ w.: vermiculus, lytta: 
Plin. Ill. The w. of a screw: *spira 
cochleae; the Gr. wepixoxAcov. Phr.: 
the w.s, a disease, verminatio: Plin.: 
to have the w.s, verminare: Sen. : full 
of w.s, verminosus, Plin. 

worm (v.): Phr.: tow. out of any 
one (a secret or the like), * extorquere, 
elicere: to w. one’s way tn, insinuare se, 
irrepere : when he had w.’d his way into 
an intimacy with him, quum se ejus in 
familiaritatem insinuasset, Cic. Caec. 5, 
13: to w. their way into the register, 
irrepere in tabulas, id. Arch. §, 10. 

—— -eaten: 1. vermicdldsus : 
Pall. 9, ciridsus (decayed): Plin. 
Phr.: some trees are more, some less w., 
vermiculantur magis minusve quaedam 
arbores, Plin. 17, 24, 37: being w.is an 
evil common to all: trees, arborum com- 
munis morbus vermiculatio, {b. 

— -wood; absinthium: Plin.: bitter 
w., absinthia taetra, Luer.1, 935. Phr.: 
a cup of w. mixture, poculum absinthi- 
atum, Sen.: w. wire, absinthites: Col. 

wormy: Verminosus, vermiculosus: 
Vv. WORM, WORM-EATEN, 

worry: |. Zo vex, torment. i. 
criicio, 1: how he w.s himself, ut ipsus 
sese cruciat, Pl. Bac. 3, 3, 89: don’t w. 
yourself, I entreat, ne crucia te, obsecro, 
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15. 9, vexo, 1: Cic. 

3, exerceo, ui, itum, 2: Cleat 
TO VEX, TO TORMENT. {I. To tear, 
drive about ; as a sporting term: lanio, 

lic&ro, agito: v. TO TEAR, TO HUNT. 
worse (adj.): 1, péjor (more posi- 
tively bad, in a comparison of two evils) : 
a disgraceful escape from death is w. 
than any death, turpis fuga mortis est 
omni morte pejor, Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 2g: the 
matter cannot be in a w. state, pejore 
res loco non potis est esse, Ter. Ad. 3, 2% 
46: to Rae away to the w., in pejus 
irg. G. I, 200. 2. détérior 

957 


WORSE 





(less good, that has degenerated): the 
jall has not made my property w., ruina 
rem non fecit deteriorem, Cie. Att. 14, 
II, 2: the w. cause im court, deterior 
causa in judiciis, id. Caec. 16, 46 : empire 
changed for the u., mutatus in deterius 
principatus, Tac. A. 4, 6. 3. gravior 
(more severe): aw. wound, gravius vul- 
nus, Caes. B.G. 1, 48. 4, vilior (more 
worthless): birth and worth without 
money is w. than mere seaweed, genus et 
virtus nisi cum re vilius alga est, Hor. 
S. 2, 5, 8. Worse serves loosely for com- 
parative in many kinds of badness: 
hence many Latin comparatives may at 
times express it : he is wicked, dishonour- 
able, base, etc., you are w., * ille sceles- 
tus, inhonestus, turpis, tu scelestior, in- 
honestior, turpior: @ w. fault, major 
culpa, Hor.: v. BAD. Phr.: fruats 
grow w., poma degenerant, Virg. G. 2, 
59: the evil grows w. every day, ingra- 
vescit in dies malum, Cic. Brut. 1, 10, 1: 
a disease growing w., ingravescens mor- 
bus, id. Div. 2, 6, 16: sluth{ulness will 
grow w., intendetur socordia, lac. A. 2, 
38: to make the morals of a state w. or 
better, vel corrumpere mores civitatis 
vel corrigere, Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32: things 
marred and made w., corrupta ac de- 
pravata, id. Mur. 12, 27: there is no- 
thing, Antipho, that cannot be made w. 
oy bad telling, nil est, Antipho, quin 
male narrando possit depravarier, ‘ler. 
Ph. 4, 4, 16: to make a matter w. by 
words, verbis rem exasperare, Quint. 4, 
2,75: by which matters had been made 
w., quo aggravatae res essent, Liv. 4, 12: 
she makes my suffering w., illa meos 
casus ingrayat, Ov. Tr. 3, 4,60: I can 
be none the w. for what they may do, 
mihi nihil ab istis noceri potest, Cic. 
Cat. 3,12, 27: tocome out none the w., 
totus et integer exire, Pers. 15, 173. 

worse (auv.): 1. péjus: J hated 
him much w. than Clodius, hunc oderam 
multo pejus quam Clodium, Cic. Fam. 7, 
2,3. Q, détérius. does the grass shine 
or smell w. than Libyan floor ? deterius 
Libycis olet aut nitet herba lapillis? 
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 19. 

worship (.): 1, vénéror, 1: to 
w. the gods, venerari deos, Cic. N. 1. 3, 
21, 53: tow. Epicurus asa god, v. Epicu- 
rum ut deum, id. Tuse. 1, 21, 48. 2). 
adoro, I (more emphatic than veneror): 
Ennius we w. as we do groves sacred 
Jrom antiquity, Ennium sicut sacros ve- 
tustate lucos adoramus, Quint. Io, 1, 88: 
some w. the crocodile, crocodilon adorat 
pars, Juv. 15, 2. 8, colo, ui, cultum, 3 
(by formal rites) : the gods whom we are 
wont to worship, pray to, and venerate, 
dii quos nos colere, precari, venerarique 
soleamus, Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119: to w. by 
flamens and priests, per flumines et 
sacerdotes colere, ‘Tac. A. I, Io. 

worship (subs.): 1, vénératio : 
whatever excels, rightly claims w., vene- 
rationem habet justam quidquid excellit, 
Cic. N. D. 1,17, 45. 2, adoratio: to 
propitiate the gods by w., propitiare deos 
adoratione, Plin. 29, 4, 20. 8, cultus, 
tis: the w. of the gods, deorum c., Cic. 
Tusc. 1, 26, 64: having venerated the 
detties by w., veneratus numina cultu, 
Ov. M. 5, 279. 4, réligio: w. is that 
which offers attention and ceremony to 
a being of superior nature, religio est 
quae superioris cujusdam naturae curam 
caerimoniamque affert, Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 
161. 5, sacra, orum (the details of 
w., sacrifices, vessels, etc.) : he admitted 
the Sabines into the state, adopting one 
common w.,Sabinos in civitatem ascivit, 
sacris communicatis, Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13. 
Phr.: haviny fished w., re divina 
facta, Pl. Am. 3, 3,13: to conduct divine 
w., rem divinam facere, Cic. N. D. 3, 
18, 47: performing w., operatus, Virg. : 
sacris operatus, Liv.: your w., as a title, 
perh. expr. by a vocative: * venerande, 
praeclare, dignissime vir. 

worshivful: * vénérabilis, révéren- 
dus, augustus, dignissimus: but no one 
of these was used specially as a title of 
hononr to persons in office, till post- 
classical times. 

958 





WORTH 


worshipper: 1. cultor: an wnfre- 
quent w. of the gods, deorum cultor in- 
frequens, Hor. Od. 1, 34, I. 2. vene- 
rator: that w. of your house, ille domus 
vestrae venerator, Ov. Pont. 2, 2, I. 
3. admirator (admirer): a w. of 
antiquity, adm. antiquilatis, Quint. 2, 5, 
21. Phr.: I am a most devout w. of 
poetry, poeticen religiosissime veneror, 
Plin. Ep. 3, 15, 2: quite a w. of mine, 
homo mei observantissimus, Cic. Q. Fr. 
I i 
worst (adj.): 1, pessimus (super- 
latively bad): the w. poet in the world, 
pessimus omnium poeta, Cat. 49, 6: the 
w.and most faithless spirit, mens pes- 
sima et infidelissima, Cic. Fam. If, t, 1. 
2, deterrimus (fallen from good 
to very bad): a form of government 
changed from good to w., genus reipub- 
licae ex bono in deterrimum conversum, 
Cic. Rep. 2, 26, 48: w. and most shame- 
less man, deterrime et impndentissime, 
id. Verr. 2, 16, 40. 3, extrémus (¢x- 
treme, last in a list of evils): the w. 
madness, extrema dementia, Sall. J. 3: 
to suffer famine, sword, and the very w., 
famem ferrumque et extrema pati, ‘lac. 
H. 4, 59. 4, ultimus: to suffer all 
the w., omnia ultima pati, Liv. 37, 54. 
5, supremus (highest in an ascend- 
ing scale of evils): the w. punishment, 
supremum supplicium, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 
22. Phr.: when he saw his w. enemy, 
ubi vidit inimicissimum suum, Cic. Mil. 
9, 25: to male the w. of a matter, *rem 
in deterius (pejus) interpretari. 
worst (adv.): pessime: stolen bees 
thrive w., furtivae apes pessime prove- 
niunt, Plin. 19, 7, 37- 
worst (v.): vineo, vici, ctum, 3: lo 
w. tn fight, pugna vincere, Cic. Manil. 
18, 55: he has w.'d him in argument, 
argumentis vicit, Pl. Am. 1, I, 267: v. 
TO CONQUER, TO DEFEAT. 
worsted (subs.): 
filum: v. WOOL. 
worsted (adj.): *laneus: v. WOoL- 
LEN. 


wort: |. Herb: herba: but the 
English wort only appears in compounds. 
Il. Unfermented beer: perb. *mus- 
tum ex hordeo factum. 
worth (subs.): 1, prétium (price, 
value): no one has a field of greater w., 
agrum pretii majoris nemo habet, Ter. 
Heaut. 1, 1, 12: the man is of small w., 
homo parvi pretii est, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 
14: @ moderate lawyer is of some w., 
consultus juris medivcris in pretio est, 
Hor. A. P. 372. =, aestimatio (valua- 
tion): it is to be valued highly, but it is 
aw. in quality not quantity, est illud 
quidem plurimi aestimandum, sed ea 
aestimatio genere valet, non magni- 
tudine, Cic. Fin. 3, 10, 34: which (nap- 
kin) does not trouble me from its w. but 
it is a keepsake, quod me non movet 
aestimatione, verum est mnemosynon, 
Cat. 12, 12: Vv. VALUE. 3. dignitas 
(worthiness): all know that he ts not 
wanting im w. or iifluence, omnes in- 
telligunt nec dignitatem ei deesse nec 
gratiam, Cic. Fam. 11,17, £: V. DIGNITY. 
4. virtus, itis, f7.: w. and honour, 
virtus atque integritas, Cic. Font. 13, 29: 
that good wares may sell Jor their real 
w., quae probast merx pro virtute ut 
veneat, Pl. Mil. 3, 1, 133: V. EXCEL- 
LENCE. Phr.: a man of great w., vir 
amplissimus, gravissimus, Cic. 
worth (avj.): dignus (with abl.) : 
they think the men w. arguing with, 
homines dignos qnibuscum disseratur 
putant, Cic. Acad. 2, 6, 18: w. their 
heaving, dignum horum auribus, id. 
Rep. 1, 13, 19: V. WORTHY. Phr.: 
what are pigs w. here? quibus hic 
pretiis porci veneunt? Pl. Men. 2, 2, 
15 > you have a charming slave, w. any 
price you like, habes graphicum servum 
et quantivis pretii, id. Epid. 3, 3, 29: 
do vi0t look to what the man is w., noli 
spectare quanti homo sit, Cic, Q. Fr. 1, 
2,14: he is w. nothing, nibili est, Cic. : 
when estates in land were w. little, quum 
Jacerent pretia praediorum, id. Rose. 
Com. 12, 33: provided that one gold 


*lana, laneum 





WOUND 





coin should be w. ten silver, dum prc 
argenteis decem aureus unus_ valeret, 
Liv. 38, 11: to be w. much (little), mul- 
tum (parum) valere: do you not know 
what money is w.? nescis quo valeat 
numus? Hor. S. 1, 1, 73: this is w. 
something to me: *hoc mihi in lucro est, 
hine ego pecuniam lucror: to count it 
as w. something, id deputare esse in 
lucro, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 16: he ws w. a large 
sum of money, *divitias maximas habet ; 
you wished to be known as w, (lo be 
rated at) a great sum in landed pro- 
perty, voluisti magnum agri modum 
censeri, Cic. Fl. 32, 80: it is w. knowing 
what guardians the virtue (of Augustus) 
has, est operae pretium cognoscere quales 
aedituos habeat virtus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 
229. 

worthy: |. Deserving: dignus: 
(i.) with abl.: a man most w. of his 
ancestors, vir majoribus suis dignissi- 
mus, Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25: you are w. of 
stripes, dignus es verberibus, Pl. Mil. 2, 
3, 71: flattery is not w. even of a free 
man, assentatio ne libero quidem digna 
est, Cic. Am. 24, 89: (ii.) with relative 
and subj.: w. of commanding, dignus 
qui imperet, id. Leg. 3, 2,5: (iii) with 
infin. (only in poets): w. to be praised 
im song, dignus cantari, Virg. BE. 5, 54: 
(iv.) with ut (very rarely): I am not 
w., compared with you, to drive a stake 
into a wall, non sum dignus prae te ut 
figam palum in parietem, Pl. Mil. 4, 

mas Il. Possessing worth, good: 
Phr. w. and suitable men, digni et 
idonei, Sall. C. 51: but this use is not 
Ciceronian: for this sense use laudandus, 
optimus: Vv. GOOD, ESTIMABLE. Phr.: 
I think not myself w. of such honous, 
haud equidem tali me dignor honore, 
Virg. Aen. I, 335. 

worthily: digne: philosophy can 
never be praised w. enough, numquam 
laudari satis digne poterit philosophia, 
Cic. de Sen. 1,2. Phr.: to praise w., 
pro dignitate laudare, Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 
33: toreward w., *pro meritis rependere. 

worthiness : dignitas: a w. for the 
consular office, dignitas consularis, Cic. 
Mur. 13, 28: gen. the adj. would be 
used: none doubted his w. for the office, 
*nemo dubitavit quin dignus esset qui 
eligeretur. 

worthless: 1, iniitilis, e (useless) : 
a helpless and w. man, homo iners 
atque inutilis, Cic. Off. 3, 6, 31. 9. 
vilis, e (paltry): nothing is so w. or 
common, nihil est tam vile neque tam 
vulgare, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71. 
lévis, e (of no weight or worth): w. and 
venal judges, leves ac numarii judices, 
Cic. Clu. 28,75. 4, inanis, e (contain- 
ing nothing of value, unmeaning) : to 
be pleased with w. things, as glory, de- 
lectari inanibus rebus, ut gloria, Cic. Am. 
14,49: our w. contentions, inanes nostrae 
contentiones, id. de Or. 3, 2, 7. 5. 
miser (contemptuously): abandoned and 
w. man, homo perditus miserque, Ter. 
Eun. 3, 1, 28. 6. néquam, indecl. 
(mostly of moral worthlessness) : w.and 
wicked freedmen, liberti nequam et im- 
probi, Cic. Rose. Am. 45, 130: jish is w. 
unless fresh, piscis nequam est nisi 
recens, Pl. Asin. 1, 3, 26: Vv. BAD. 

worthlessness: _1. lévitas: the 
w. of which opinion, refuted as tt has 
been by Cotta, needs no words from me, 
cujus opinionis levitas confutata a Cotta 
non desiderat orationem meam, Cic. 
N.D. 2, 17, 45: folly and w., futilitas 
levitasque, ib. 28,70. 2, inane (poet.) : 
what w. is there in things! quantum 
est in rebus inane! Pers. 1, 1. 

wound (swbs.): 1, vulnus, éris, 7. 
(inflicted by a weapon or sharp instru- 
ment): after giving and receiving many 
w.s, multis et illatis et acceptis vul- 
neribus, Caes. B. G. 1, 50: to suffer w.s 
for one’s country, pro patria vulnera 
excipere, Cic. Sest. 10, 23: defend our 
leaves from the w. of the sharp knife, 
ab acutae vulnere falcis frondes defen- 
dite nostras, Ov. M. 9, 383: the ws 
which he inflicted on the state, the same 
he cured, quae reipublicae vulnera ime 


WOUND 





ponebat eadem ille sanabat, Cic. Fin. 4, 
24, 66. 2. plaga (a blow meant to 
injure): to inflict a deadly w., morti- 
feram plagam infligere, id. Vat. @, 20: 
Fig.: this w. is less painful from a 
Sriend, haec plaga levior est ab amico, 
id. Fam. 9, 16, 7. 3. ulcus, éris, 7. 
(sore from a w.): unhealed w.s, incurata 
ulcera, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 24. 4, cica- 
trix, icis, f. (scar): to show his w.s in 
Jront, civatrices adversas ostendere, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 28, 124: to reopen a w. already 
closed, refricare obductam jam cicatri- 
cem, id. Agr. 3, 2, 4. 
wound (v-.): 1, vulnéro, 1 (to in- 
fict a w.): let no man w. any me be- 
fore he see Inductomarus slain, neu 
quis quem vulneret priusquam Indu- 
ciomarum inierfectum viderit, Caes. 
B.G. 5, 58: he is wd in the face by a 
sling, in adversum os funda vulneratur, 
ib. 35: to be w.'d by the edge of the steel, 
acie ferri vulnerari, Cic. Sest. 10, 24: 
this might w. the feelings of men, viro- 
rum hoc animos vulnerare posset, Liv. 
34,7- 2, saucio, 1 (lo render disabled, 
to put hors de combat: stronger than 
vulnero): Rubrius is w.’d in the mélée, 
Rubrius in turba sauciatur, Cic. Verr. 
1, 26, 67. Fig.: the words are keen; 
they w. reputation, aculeata sunt ; fam- 
am sauciant, Pl. Bac. I, 1, 30. 3} 
laedo, si, sum, 3 (to hurt; lit. and fig.): 
if he has w.’d none, si neminem laesit, 
Cic. Mur. 40, 87. 4, offendo, di, sum, 
3 (to offend): to w. any one's feelings, 
offendere cujusquam animum, Cic. Fam. 
, 16, 6. Phr.: they do not w. man, 
ominem non vulnere laedunt, Ov. M. 
4, 602: severely w.’d by fortune, for- 
tunae gravissimo percussus vulnere,Cic. 
Acad. I, 3, II. 
wounded: saucius: we see the w. 
carried off the field, videmus ex acie 
efferri saucios, Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 38: some 
of us w. by the deadly bite, pars de nobis 
funesto saucia morsu, Ov. M. 11, 373: 
w. feelings, saucius animus, Cic. Att. 1, 
17, 1: saucius means w. nearly to the 
death, or deeply hurt; vulneratus (v. 
TO WOUND), struck by a weapon, having 
a wound inflicted, whether slight or 
severe. 
woven: VY. 10 WEAVE. 
wrangle: 1. rixor, 1, dep.: one 
man w.s about a trifle, alter rixatur de 
lana caprina, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 15. 2A 
altercor, 1, dep.: we sit idle, w.ing like 
women, sedemus desides, mulierum ritu 
inter nos altercantes, Liv. 3, 68. ‘ 
jurgo,1: how will he w. with you? 
quid jurgabit tecum? Ter. Andr. 2, 3, 
15: V. TO QUARREL. 
wrangling: 1, rixa: discipline 
was destro: by disputes or w.s, cor- 
rupta jurgiis aut rixis disciplina, Tac. 
Hy 2772): 9, altercatio: then ensued 
not only a sharp debate but evenaw., 
magna ibi non disceptatio modo sed 
etiam altercatio fuit, Liv. 38, 32. 3. 
jurgium: whence arise evil w.s, evil 
words, abuse, ex quibus jurgia, male- 
dicta, contumeliae gignuntur, Cic. Am. 
21, 78: V. QUABREL (swbs.). 
wrap: 1, involvo, vi, itum, 3: 
they w. their cloaks round their left 
arms, sinistras sagis involvunt, Caes. 
B. C. 75: he ts w.d in smoke, invol- 
vitur fumo, Ov. M. 2, 232. 2. ob- 
volvo: having w.d up his arm in 
woollen bandages, brachio lanis fasciis- 
que obvoluto, Suet. Dom. 17: ave you 
to w. up your fault in fair words ? 
verbis decoris obvolvas vitium? Hor. S. 
2,7, 42. 3, amicio, icui or ixi, ictum, 4: 
the cloak in which he was w.’d, pallium 
quo amictus, Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 127: 
whatever is w.’d up in trashy paper, 
quicquid chartis amicitur ineptis, fe 
Ep. 2, 1, 270. 4. vélo, 1 (to veil): 
with head close w.’d, capite velato, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 3, 10: w.’d in a purple robe, 
purpurea velatus veste, Ov. M. 2, 23. 
5, obdiico, xi, ctum, 3 (to draw 
over): with his cloak wd tightly round 
him, obducta veste, Tac. A. 4, Jo: the 
trunks of trees are w.’d in bark or rind, 
trunci obducuntur libro aut cortice, Cic. 





WRECK 


WKRETCHEDLY 





N. D. 2, 47, 120. 
(by way of protection): with this same 
hood Iw. me up if it rains, eodem 
tegillo tectus esse soleo si pluit, Pl. Rud. 
2,9, 19- 7, interqueo, rsi, tum, 2 (to 
wind tightly round): w.ing his cloak 
round his left arm, p \'» mento circum 
laevum brachium iuterc, Liv. 25, 16, 
ad jin. 

wrapper: 1, invdlucrum: the w. 
(case) of a shield, involucrum clipei, 
Cic. N. D. 2, 14, 37- 2, tégimentum: 
w.s for the body, woven or sewn, tegu- 
menta corporum vel texta vel suta, Cic. 
N. D. 2, 60, 150. 3. sagum (cloa/:) : 
aw. fastened by a brooch, sagum fibula 
consertum, Tac. Germ. 17. 4. tiinica 
(poet.): you (my boole) will supply w.s 
Jor mackerel, scombris tunicas dabis, 
Mart. 4, 87, 8. 

wrath: ira, iracundia, bilis, st0- 
miachus: v. ANGER. Phr.: he flamed 
out with passionate w., exarsit iracundia 
et stomacho, Cic. Verr. 2, 20, 48: to be 
in hot w., excandescere, Cic.: he swells 
and glows with w., turgescit vitrea bilis, 
Pers. 3, 8. 

wrathful; iratus, Ira incensus: v. 
ANGRY. 

wrathfully: 1, irate: Phaedr. 

9, iracunde: Cic.: v. ANGRILY. 


wreak: Phr.: tow. vengeance on | 


any one, aliquem ulcisci ac persequi, 
Cic.: each w.’d a sanguinary vengeance, 
se quisque ultione et sanguine exple- 


bant, Tac. A. 4, 25: nor would he w. | 


vengeance on innocent hostages, neque 
se in obsides innoxios saeviturum, Liv. 


28, 34. 
wreath: |. Something twisted or 
curled: 1, viliimen, inis, n.: w.s of 


black smoke, nigri volumina fumi, Ov. 
M. 13, 601. Q. vertex, icis, m.: aw. 
of fire, igneus vertex, Lucr. 6, 298. 3 
tortus, ls: a serpent with manifold w.s, 
tortu multiplicabili draco, poet., Cic. 
Tusc. 2, 9, 22. Or expr. by adj.: w.s 
of flame, * tortae flammae. |], A gar- 
land : 1. sertum (in plur.): they 
twine fragrant w.s round their temples, 
odoratis innectunt tempora sertis, Ov. 
xs 53503: 9. corona: w.s twined 
of Vinden, nexae philyris coronae, Hor. 
Od. 1, 38, 2. 3. corolla: a platted w., 
corolla plectilis, Pl. Bac. 1, 1, 37. 4. 
torquis, is, m.and fem. : the altars decked 
with woven w.s, hexis ornatae torquibus 
arae, Virg. G. 4, 276: V. GARLAND. 

wreathe: 1. torqueo, rsi, tum, 2: 
he ws his scaly rings in circling coils, 
ille volubilibus squamosos nexibus or- 
bes torquet, Ov. M. 3, 42. 2, con- 
volvo, vi, volutum, 3: the snake w.ing 
his body, anguis convolvens terga, Virg. 
G. 3, 426. 8. séro, ui, rtum, 3 (in 
pass. part.): w.d chaplets, sertae coro- 
nae, Lucan 10,164. 4, necto, xui and 
xi, ctum, 3 (to bind round): their heads 
will be w.d with olive, caput nectentur 
oliva, Virg. Aen. 5, 309. Phr.: Alecto, 
her neck w.d with vipers, Alecto tor- 
quata colubris, Ov. H. 2, 119: the w.d 
snakes of the Furies’ locks, intorti_ ca- 
pillis Eumenidum angues, Hor. Od. 2, 
13, 35. 

wreck (subs.): |. Of @ ship: 
naufragium: to perish by w., naufragio 
perire, Cic. Deiot. 9, 25: the w. (frag- 
ments of the ship) covers the sea, nau- 
fragium operit freta, Sil. to, 323. Phr.:; 
if he swims out from a w., si fractis 
enatat navibus, Hor. A. P. 20. ll. 
Fig.: breaking up, ruin: 1. nau- 
frigium: the w. of one’s fortunes, nau- 
fragium fortunarum, Cic. Rab. perd. 9, 
25. 9, ruina: v. RUIN. Phr.: 
should the w.of the world fall on him, 
si fractus illabatur orbis, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 
8: thew. of former greatness, *reliquiae 
pristini splendoris. 

wreck (v.): 1, frango, frégi, frac- 
tum, 3 (to break): many ships being 
w.’d, compluribus navibus fractis, Caes. 
B. G. 4, 29: all my fortunes were w.'d, 
omnis res mea fracta est, Hor.S. 2, 3, 19. 

9. illido, si, sum, 3 (fo dash upon): 

to w.on the shallows, illidere vadis, Virg. 
Aen. I, 112. 3, laedo, si, sum, 3. nor 


) jus, Sen. 





6. tégo, xi, ctum, 3 | did the sea w. ships and shipmen on the 


rocks, nec aequora laedebant naves ad 
saxa virosque, Lucr. 5, 999- Phr.: 
many have been w.'d, muiti naufragia 
fecerunt, Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 1. 

wrecked: naufragus: he saw Marius 
an exile and w., Marium expulsum et 
naufragum vidit, Cic. Pis. 19, 43: a w. 
ship, naufraga puppis, Ov. H. 2, 16. 
Fig.: a company of w. men, naufra- 
gorum manus, Cic,. Cat. 2, 11, 24. 

wren: régiilus: Auct. Carm. Phil. 13. 

wrench (v.): 1. intorqueo, rsi, 
tum, 2: to w. the ankle, talum intor- 
quere, Auct. B. Hisp. 38. 2. extor- 
queo: to w. out (dislocate) a joint, arti- 
culum ext., Sen.: v. TO SPRAIN. 

wrench (suls.) : Vv. SPRAIN. 

wrest: 1. extorques, rsi, tum, 2: 
the dagger was w.d from your hands, 
tibi sica de manibus extorta est, Cic. Cat. 
1, 6,16: to w.a sentence from the judges 
by force of language, ext. sententias de 
manibus judicum vi quadam orationis, 
id. Or. 2, 18, 74: from whom my pleasure 
is thus w.d, cui sic extorta voluptas, 
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 139. Q. torqueo (hg.): 
to w. everything for the adoantage of 
his own cause, omnia torquere ad suae 
causae commodum, Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 46. 

3, détorqueo: to produce suspicion 

and hatred by slandering and w.ing the 
meaning of everything, calumniando 
omnia detorquendoque suspecta et in- 
visa efficere, Liv. 42, 42; to w. a word 
Jor the worse, detorquere verbum in pe- 
Phr.: to w. the sense, male, 
perverse interpretari, Cic. 

wrestle: luctor, 1: Milo will w. 
at Olympia, luctabitur Olympiis Milo, 
Cic. Fat. 13, 30: to w. (contend) and 


| cope with you, tecum luctari et congredi, 


id. Sull. 16, 47: Ve TO STRIVE, To CON- 
TEND. 

wrestler: 1. luctator: he is a 
crafty w., luctator dolosus est, Pl. Ps. 5, 
I, 5: a w. thrice thrown has lost the 
palm, luctator ter abjectus perdidit pai- 
mam, Sen. Ben. 5, 3. Q, athléta (w. 
or athlete in public games): when he 
saw the w.s practising, quum athletes se 
exercentes videret, Cic. de Sen. g, 27. 

wrestling: 1, luctatio: there 
can be no w. without an adve: sary, sine 
adversario nulla luctatio est, Cic. Fat. 13, 
30: with the Academicians it is a w. in 
the dark, for they assert positively no- 
thing, cum Academicis incerta |. est, qui 
nihil affirmant, id. Fin. 2, 14, 43. 
luctatus, us: Plin. 3, lucta (poet.) 
the contest of w., certamen luctae, Aus. 
93, 7- 4, luctamen (poet): strug- 
gling: Virg. Aen. 8,89. Phr: awe 
school, palaestra, Cic.: Pl.: Ter.: the 
director of a w.-school, palaestrita, Cic. 

wretch: 1. miser (in pity): he 
kisses the door, poor w., toribus miser 
oscula figit, Lucr. 4, 1175. 2. né- 
quam (vile w.): you are a rascal and a 
w.,malus et nequam es, Pl. Asin. 2, 2, 
39. 3, perditus (abandoned w.): you 
most abandoned w., tu omnium mor- 
talium perditissime, Cic. Verr. 2, 26, 65. 

wretched: 1, miser: a w. and 
unhappy man, homo miser atque infelix, 
Cic.: w., unhappy, suffering, miser, in- 
felix, aerumnosus, Cic.: he suffers from 
w. ambition, misera ambitione laborat, 
Hor. S. 1, 4, 26: a@ w. (worthless) strain 
on grating straw, stridenti miserum 
stipula carmen, Virg. E. 3, 27. a 
mistrabilis, e (pitiable): a w. sight, 
miserabilis aspectus, Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 73- 

3, flébilis, e (causing tears): a 

miserable and w. appearance, misera et 
flebilis species, Cic. Phil. 11, 3, 7: ¥- UN- 
HAPPY, WOEFUL, POOR. 

wretchedly : 1, mistre: w 
anzious to get away, misere discedere 
quaerens, Hor. S. 1, 9, 8 2. misér- 
abiliter: to die w., m. emori, Cic. Tusc. 
1, 40,95. 3, mile (qualifying things, 
the excess of which is bad): J am w. 
afraid, male metuo, Ter. Hec. 3, 2. 2 
w. hoarse, rauci male, Hor. S. 1, 4, 66. 
The superl. may sometimes express w, 
with an adj.: w. poor mendicissimus, 
Cic. 


959 


WRETCHEDNESS 





wretchedness : 1, miséria : 
where virtue is, there w. and utler misery 
cannot be, ubi virtusest, ibi esse miseria 
et aerumna non potest, Cic. Fin. 5, 32, 
95: the w. (poverty) of the commons in- 
creased every day, indies miseriae plebis 
crescebant, Liv. 6, 34. 2. aerumna: 
w. is distressful sorrow, aerumna est 
aegritudo laboriosa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18. 

8. Egestas (bitter poverty): poverty 

or rather w. and beggary, paupertas vel 
potius egestas ac mendicitas, Cic. Parad. 
6, 1, 45° V. MISERY. 

wriggle: torqueor, tortor, sinnor: v. 
TO WRITHE. Phr.: w.ing turns, * si- 
nuosi fiexus. 

wright: Opifex, artifex, faber: w. 
occurs chiefly in compounds; where 
a Latin adj. would speeify the craft: 
e. g. * faber plaustrarius, a wheel-w. 

wring: 1, torqueo, rsi, tum, 2: 
a bitter taste will w. the mouths of those 
who try it, ora tentantum torquebit 
amaror, Virg. G. 2, 247: I am wrung 
(with anxiety) night and day, equidem 
dies noctesque torqueor, Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4. 

2. cricio, 1 (to torture); bodies 

wrung with dire torments, cruciata diris 
corpora tormentis, Ov. M. 3, 694. Phr.: 
to w. towels dry, *aquam linteis ex- 
primere to w. the neck, *collum obtor- 
tum frangere: [c. torquere, Liv. 4, 53, 
and c. obtorquere, Cic, Clu. 21, §9, is 
something milder, to drag off forcibly 
by the neck]: c. frangere, to break the 
neck by hanging, Sall. C. 55. 

— from: extorqueo: v. TO EXTORT. 

wrinkle: riga: grey hairs, w.s, cani, 
rugae, Cic. Sen. 18,62: old age furrows 
your brow with w.s, rugis frontem sen- 
ectus exarat, Hor. Epod. 8, 4. Phr.: 
when you have more w.s on your brow 
than creases in your dress, rugosiorem 
cum geras stola frontem, Mart. 3, 93, 3: 
to make full of w.s, corrugare, Hor. 

wrinkled: 1, rigosus: w. cheeks, 
rugosae genae, Ov. Am, I, 8, 112. 2. 
ragatus. w. (marked as with w.s) shells, 
Tugatae concharum testae, Plin. Phr.: 
the north wind that makes the apples w., 
aquilonis afflatus poma deturpans rugis, 
Plin. 15, 16 18. 

wrist: u single word in class. 
writers: Celsus explains the Greek 
kapmros by prima palmae pars: *carpus: 
Anat. Phr.: edged with fringe at the 
w,, ad manus fimbriatus, Suet. Caes. 45. 

writ: |. Anything written: Phr.: 
Holy W.: *litterae, sanctae, divinae ; 
corpus litterarum sanctarum (the whole 
Bible); biblia sacra, scripturae sacrae : 
all these phrases are of course unclassical, 
and more or less modern. |, A legal 
instrument conferring authority : man- 
datum, praescriptum (order): auctoritas 
(warrant): litterae (letter of appoint- 
ment): cf. Suet. Vesp. 8. Phr.: to issue 
aw. for the apprehension of a criminal, 
*edere litteras ut maleficus comprehen- 
datur. 

write: 1, scribo, psi, ptum, 3: 
when letters ave written with a pen in a 
book, quom in libro scribuntur calamo 
litterae, Pl. Ps. f, 5, 131: w. this song 
on the middle column, hoc carmen media 
scribe columna, Prop. 4, 7, 83: Awjidius 
was wing a Grecian history, Aufidius 
Graecam scribebat historiam, Cic. Tuse. 
5, 38, 112: who could w. worthily of 
Mars? quis Martem digne scripserit ? 
Hor. Od. 1, 6, 14. a@ letter carefully 
written, epistola perdiligenter scripta, 
Cic. Atr. 1, 11, 1: with infin. of in- 
formation: he w.s that he will come, 
scribit se affore, Caes. B. G@. 5, 48: with 
relat. clause: w. to me what you are 
doing, scribe ad me quid agas, Cic. Fam. 
7, 12, 2: to w. an order to do, by subj., 
with or without ut: to w. me word to 
come, scribere ad me ut venirem, id. Att. 
II, 7, 2: he w.s to Labienus to come, 
scribit Labieno veniat, Caes. D.G. 5, 46. 
absol., to be an author: he whom no one 
has excelled 1m wing, ille quo nemo in 
acribendo praestantior fuit, Cic. Rep. 2, 
Ui;;21, 2. conscribo (to draw up in 
w.ing): @ bool: written about his consul- 
ship and acts, liber de consilatu et de | 


i 





War ENG 





rebus gestis suis conscriptus, Cic. Brut. 
35, 132: pages written in a beautiful 
hand, tabellae lepida conscriptae manu, 
IPPs ares 3, perscribo (to w. 
in full, w. out): he w.s of what had 
been done, rem gestam perscribit, Caes. 
B. G. 5,47: my brother has written out 
your speech, frater meus tuam orationem 
perscripsit, Cic. Fam. 5, 4, 2. 4, ex- 
scribo (to copy as an extract): I w. out 
the inscriptions in the forum, tabulas 
in foro exscribo, Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189. 
5, transcribo (to w. from one book 
into another): the will written into 
another set of tablets, testamentum in 
alias tabulas transcriptum, Cic. Clu. 14, 
41. 6, describo (to copy, or to w. 
down plainly): Balbus wrote to me 
that he had written out my fifth book, 
De Finibus, Balbus scripsit ad me se 
quintum De Finibus librum descripsisse, 
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 4: the songs which I 
have written on the barle of the beech, 
quae in cortice fagi carmina descripsi, 
Virg. E. 5, 14. 7. rescribo (to w. 
again, w. bach): to w. over again and 
correct, rescribere et corrigere, Suet. 
Caes. 56: to your morning letter I wrote 
answer at once yesterday, antemeri- 
dianis tuis litteris heri statim rescripsi, 
Cic. Att. 13, 23,1. Phr.: tow. a care- 
less hand, * negligenter exarare litteras 
(Kr.): to w. a good hand, lepidis literis 
conscribere, Pl. Ps. 1, 1, 28: I got your 
letter written in an unsteady hand, 
accepi tuam epistolam vacillantibus lit- 
terulis, Cic. Fam. 16, 15, 2: I wrote these 
Jew lines, hoc litterularum exaravi, Cic. 
Att. 12, 1, 1: I write this at Rome, 
dabam Romae, Cic.: to w. (publish) 
against any one, *contra aliquem librum 
edere : to put thoughts in w.ing, mandare 
litteris cogitationes, Cic.: to w. down in 
short hand, notis excipere velocissime, 
Suet. Tit. 3: there ts w. evidence for this, 
exstat hoc, memoriae traditum est, Cic. 
writer: 1. scriptor: Diphilus 
Crassus’ w. (secretary) and reader, 
Diphilus Crassi scriptor et lector, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 30, 136: the w.s and teachers on 
the liberal arts must be read, bonarnm 
artium scriptores et doctores legendi, 
ibid. 1, 34, 158: @ most elegant and 
polished w., venustissimus scriptor et 
politissimus, id. Or. 9, 29. 2. scriba 
(a public w., clerk): these w.s are an 
honourable class, for to their integrity 
the public accounts are entrusted, scriba- 
rum ordo est honestus, quod eorum 
hominum fidei tabellae publicae com- 
mittuntur, Cic. Verr. 3, 79, 183: v. 
CLERK, COPYIST. 3, auctor (author) : 
the w. of the Alexandrine war is wncei- 
tain, Belli Alexandrini incertus auctor 
est, Suet. Caes. 56: w.s whom I am now 
often reading, auctores quos nunc lec- 
tito, Cic. Att. 12, 18,1. The writer of a 
particular document is perhaps more 
often expressed by a periphrasis with 
the verb: the w. of this letter, qui hance 
epistolam scripsit, conscripsit. 
writne: — 1. tortor, 1 dep.: you 
will sev all the parts w.ing with the 
Jresh wound, omnia cernes recenti vul- 
nere tortari, Lucr. 3, 661. 9. tor- 
queor, 2 dep.: that the wise man cannot 
be happy when he is w.ing under the rack, 
non posse sapientem beatum esse quum 
eculeo torqueatur, Cic. Fin. 3. 13, 42. 
writing: |, Act of writing: 1, 
scriptio : soreness of the eyes which hin- 
ders my w., lippitudo quae impediat 
scriptionem meam, Cic. Att. 10, 17, 2 
nothing is so useful for speaking as w., 
nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit 
quantum scriptio, id. Brut. 24, 92. 
2. scriptiira constant and diligent 
w., assidua ac diligens scriptura, Cic. de 
Or. 1, 33, 150. Il. The thing written : 
1. scriptum: when the meaning 
of the writer seems to disagree with 
the actual w., quum videtur scriptoris 
voluntas cum scripto ipso dissentire, 
Anct. Her. 1, 11, 19: the w.s of Lucil- 
tus, scripta Lucili, Hor. S. 1, ro, 56. 
2. scriptira: that the w. might 
noc perish with the poet, ne cum poeta 
scriptura evanesceret, Ter. Hec. prol. 


WRONGFULLY 





=, 
alt. 5. 3, tabiilae, arum (documents): 
w.s in Greek characters, tabulae Graecis 
litteris confectae, Caes. B.G.1,29. 4, 
charta (paper): I fear lest my very w. 
may betray me, charta ipsa ne nos pro- 
dat pertimesco, Cic. Att. 2, 20. Mise. 
Phrr.: the art of w., ars scribendi, 
Cic.: *ars scriptoria (Ruhn.): love 
of w., scribendi alacritas, Cic. Att. 
16, 3: @ w.-case, scrinium: Hor.: we 
ink, * scriptorium atramentum, Cels.: 
@ w.-pen, calamus scriptorius, Cels. ; 
calamus fissipes, Aus. Kp. 7, 49: *pen- 
na scriptoria (iate): v. PEN: w.-paper, 
*charta scriptoria (Kr.): w.-tablet, 
codicilli, orum: Ciec.: pugillares, ium: 
Suet.: Plin.: @ w.-desk, *mensa scrip- 
toria (Kr.): @ w.-master, *magister 
artis scribendi, artis scriptoriae magis- 
ter (Kr.). 
wrong (aqj.): 1, pravus (having 
a false direction; opp. to rectus): than 
which nothing can be more w., quo nihil 
pravius esse potest, Cic. Tusc. 3, 33, 80: 
things base and w., turpia et prava, Juv. 
14, 41. 2. perversus: bad and w., 
pravum et perversum, Cic. Rosc. Com. 
10, 30. 3. falsus (false, mistaken) : 
that is altogether w., falsum est id 
totum, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28: the mind 
prone to w., acclinis falsis animus, Hor. 
S. 2, 2, 6. 4, alienus (unsuitable) : 
they engage in a w. place, alieno loco 
praelium committunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 15. 
5. vitidsus (faulty): a w. com- 
parison, exemplum vitiosum, Auct. 
Her. 2, 29, 46. 6. injustus (unjust) : 
how w. that was towards his country 
he did not see, id quam injustum in 
patriam esset. non videbat, Cic. Off. 3, 
21, 82. 7. iniquus: what is more 
w. or more shameful than this? quid 
hoc iniquius aut indignius? Cic. Quint. 
2, 8. Phr.: wrong measure: *men- 
sura iniqua, non justa: ef. Liv. 5, 
48, fin. : to form a w. conclusion, vitiose 
concludere, Cic. Acad. 2, 30,98: to be w. 
(of persons): errare: she took the w, 
road, erravit via, Virg. Aen. 2, 739: 
you are wholly w., tota erras via, Ter. 
Eun. 2, 2, 14: I had sooner be w. with 
Plato than right with your others, errare 
malo cum Platone quam cum istis vera 
sentire, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 39: we may be 
w., but how could a god be w.? possu- 
mus falli; deus falli qui potuit? id. 
N. D. 3, 31, 76: whom the Egyptians 
think it w. to name, quem Aegyptii 
nefas habent nominare, ibid. 22, 56. 
wrong (subs.): 1, néfas, indecl, 
(a sin against all laws divine and 
human): right and w. are reversed, fas 
versum atque nefas, Virg. G. 1, 505. 
2. injiria: those w.s which ave ine 
flicted wilfully with intent to damage, 
illae injuriae quae nocendi causa de in- 
dustria inferuntur, Cic, Off. 1, 7, 24: to 
avenge w.s, injurias ulcisci, Caes. B. G. 
1,12. to avert aw., injuriam propulsare, 
Cic.: Vv. INJUSTICE, INJURY. 
wrong (v.): no one Latin verb is 
the exact counterpart: 1, laedo, si, 
sum, 3 (to hwit ; the context determines 
the hurt to be a wrong) : it is a property 
of the human heart that you hate one 
whom you have w.d, proprium est 
humani ingenii odisse quem laeseris, 
Tac. Agr. 42. 2. fraudo, 1 (to de- 
Fraud): hewho has w.’d and deceived a 
partner, qui socium fraudarit et fefellerit, 
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 17. Phr.: it ts 
Foreign to a wise man’s nature not only 
to w. any, but even to damage any, 
alienum a sapiente est non modo inju- 
riam cui facere, verum etiam nocere, 
Cic. Fin. 3, 21,91: to w. a man, injuriam 
cui inferre, Cic.: he w.s himse/f, ipsus 
sibi injurius est, Ter.: Jw. Domitius in 
comparing him with Castor, iniqne 
Castorem cum Domitio comparo, Cic, 
Deiot. 7, 31. 
wrong-doer: 1, maléficus: Cic 
9. maléfactor : Pl.: v. MALEFACTOR, 
CRIMINAL. 
wrongful: injustus, injiiridsus, ini- 
quus: v. UNJUST. 
wrongfully: injuste, injiridse, inie 
que: v, UNJUSTLY. 


ae rr, 


Jee. a dot 1A 
2 y 


ieee 


4 


~ 


WRONGLY 


wrongly: 1, male (badly): he 
will act altogether w., faciet omnino 
male, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4: the wheels w. 
(foolishly) wished for, male optati axes, 
Ov. M. 2,148. 2, perpéram: whether 
rightly or w., seu recte seu perperam, 
Cic. Quint. 8, 23. 3, prave: putting 
things dune rightly among good actions, 
things done w. among bad, recte facta in 
bonis actionibus ponens, prave in malis, 
Cic. Acad. 1, 10, 37. 4. falso (er7v0- 
neously): when Tarquintus was w, said 
to be alive,quum ‘Varquinius vivere falso 
diceretur, Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 38. §, 
vitiose (faultily): I have inferred w., 
vitiose conclusi, Cic. Acad. 2, 30, 98. 

wroth: iratus, iracundus: v. ANGRY. 

wrought: factus, confectus: v. To 
MAKE, TO WORK. 

wry: 1, distortus: w. faces, dis- 
torti vultus, Quint.: legs grown awry, 
distorta crura, Hor. S. 1, 3, 47. 2. 
obstipus : all things must be w., omnia 
fieri Saal necesse est, Lucr. 4, 516: 
with awry, obstipo capite, Hor. 
hte 52> 8. pravus: limbs that 
had grown out awry, elapsi in pravum 
artus, Tac. H. 4, 81. Phr.: the bitter 
taste will cause a w. face, amaror tor- 
quebit ora, Virg. G. 2, 247: Fufius imi- 
tates the w. faces of Fimbria, Fufius 
Fimbriae oris pravitatem imitatur, Cic. 
de Or. 2, 22, gI. 

wry-neck (a bird): iynx, yngis, f.: 
Plin.: *iynx or yunx torgnilla; Linn. 

wryness: pravitas: w., distortion, 
defect of shape in the limbs, membrorum 
pravitas, distortio, deformitas, Cic. Tusc. 
4, 13, 29. 

wych-elm: *ulmus scabra: Linn. 


©. 


‘ACHT: priva navis, trirémis, 
célox, etc.: according te the 
nature of the vessel; but the varieties 
of rig do not correspond to those of mo- 
dern ships: the poor man in his hired 
boat is as sick as the rich man in his 
trireme yacht, pauper conducto navigio 
aeque nauseat ac locuples quem ducit 
priva triremis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 92. 
yam: “dioscorea: Linn. 
yard: |. 4 court: ], area: a 
y. before a house, area domus, Plin. Ep. 
6, 20, 4. 9. cobors, tis, f.: (written 
also cors and chors in this sense). the y. 
in which the fowls stray about, cohors 
T quam vagantur guallinae, Col. 8, 3: 
the fowls of the y., cortis aves, Mart. 
Lao 5, 26 Il. A measure: *ulna: 
approximately, where great exactness is 
not needed: with a gown siz y.s long, 
cum bis ter ulnarum toga, Hor. Epod. 4, 
8 Phr.: a@ shield a y. long, parma 
tripedalis, Liv. 38, 21. Ill. A sazl- 
yard: antenna: the ropes which bound 
the y.s te the masts, tunes qui antennas 
ad malos destinabant, Caes. B. G. 3, 14: 
the tips of the sail-clad y.s, cornua vela- 
tarum antennarum, Virg. Aen. 3, 549. 
yarn: |, Lit: ], *linum ne- 
tum (linen y.): Ulp. Q. *lana néta 
(woollen y.): Ulp. Or use filum lini, 
lanae. I]. Fig.: a long story: fabiila 
longa: v. TALE. 
yawl: perb. lembus, scipba: mo- 
dern distinctions in boats and ships do 
not correspond to ancient. 
yawn (v.): 1. oscito, 1 (to open 
the mouth in weariness, etc.): he y.s im- 
mediately on reaching the threshold of 
his villa, oscitat extemplo tetigit quum 
limina villae, Lucr. 3, 1078: to y. too 
loudly, clare nimis et sonore osc., Gell. 
4, 20. 2. oscitor, 1, dep.: how he 
stretches and y.s, Ut pandiculans osci- 
tatur, Pl. Men. 5, 2, 80. 8. hio, 1 
(lo gape, open oe vast caverns Y., 
vasti specus hiant, Plin. 34, 7, 18: the 
swelling waves y., tumentes hiant un- 
dae, Lucan 5, 641. 4, déhisco, hivi 
(in the inf. dehisse), 3: the y.ing sea 
opens to view the ground between the 
waves, unda dehiscens terram inter 


YEARLY 


fluctus aperit, Virg. Aen. 1, 106. Phr.: 
he descends into the y.ing chasm, de- 
scendit in biatum, Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38: @ 
cave of vast and y.ing mouth, spelunca 
vasto immanis hiatu, Virg. Aen. 6, 237. 

yawn (subs.); oscitatio; Plin. 

ye: vos. 

yea: |. In assent: v. YES. ll. 
In enforcing what precedes; often 
joined with more or rather: immo, im- 
mo etiam; quin, quin etiam; quin po- 
tius: v. NAY. 

yean: pario, énitor: v. TO BEAR, TO 
BRING FORTH. 

year: annus: Romulus fized that 
there should be ten months in his y., 
Romulus in anno constituit menses | 
quinque bis esse suo, Ov. F. 1, 27: no | 
one is so old that he does not think he 
may live a y., nemo est tam senex qui 
se annum non putet posse vivere: Cic. 
Sen. 7, 24: at the beginning of the y., 
anno iucipiente, ineunte; anni prin- 
cipio, exordio, initio: Cic.: Liv.: at the 
end of the y., anno exeunte, desinente, 
expleto, circumacto. Cic.: Liv. S me 
cases of annus are used adverbially, with- 
out or with a prep. (i.) Anno: last y. | 
I bought that for four minae, quatuor | 
minis emi istanc anno, Pl. Men. 1, 3, 22: 
who have not now held a senate for 
almost a y., qui anno jam prope senatum 
non habuerint, Liv. 3, 39, fin.: tuicea 
y., bis anno: Plin.: he died the y. before 
I was censor, anno ante me censorem 
mortuus est, Cic.: Cic. adds im with nu- 
merals: thrice a y., ter inanno, Rosc. Am. 
46,132. (ii.) Annum: for a whole y. the 
matrons mourned him, annum matronae 
luxerunt eum, Liv. 2, 7: @ y. hence, ad 
annum, Cic.: for a y.: in annum: the 
command was prolonged for @ y., proro- 
gatum in a. imperium est, Liv. 37, 2: 
of time past or future: it was done siz- 
teen y.s ago, abhinc annos factumst 
sedecim, Pl.: fifteen y.s after, annum 
post quintum decimum, Liv. The y. be- 
fore, annus superior, proximus: the y. 
after, annus sequens, posterus, Cic. : 
Liv. : it is a hundred and ten y.s since 
the law was passed, centum et decem 
anni sunt quum lata lex est, Cic. Off. 2, 
21, 75. In speaking of age: he ts tuenty 
y.s old, viginti annos natus est, habet, 
Cic.: J am more than twenty y.s old, 
plus annis viginti natus sum. Pl: thus 
died Galba, being seventy-three y.s old, 
hunc exitum habuit Galba tribus et 
septuaginta annis, Tac. H. 1, 49: when, 
being eighty y.s old he had gone to 
Egypt, quum annorum octoginta in 
Aegyptum ivisset, Nep. Ages. 8: Jam 
in my eighty-fourth y., quartum annum 
ago et octogesimum, Cic. Sen. 10, 32. 
Phr.- a half y.: semestre spatium, 
Plin. : you will see that that reign could 
hardly last half a y., intelliges id reg- 
num Vix semestre esse posse, Cic. Att. 
10, 8, 7: two y.s, three y.s, etc.: bien- 
nium, triennium, etc.- he lived five y.s 
longer : vixit quinquennium postea, Cic. : 
well stricken in ys, aetate provectus, 
Cic.: J at your y.s did not think of love, 
ego istuc aetatis non amori operam 
dabam, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 48: to wish 
any one a happy new y., *in novum 
annum laeta optare alicui et ominari 
(cf. Plin. Kp. 4, 15, 5): J had nearly 
served out my y., annuum tempus prope 
jam emeritum habebamus, Cic. Att. 6, 
5,3: you have a full y.’s pay, give a 
full y.’s work, annua aera habes, an- 
nuam operam ede, Liv. 5, 4: J saw that 
youth every y., Meliboeus, illum vidi 
juvenem Meliboee quotannis, Virg. E. 
I, 43. 

yearly (adj.): 1, annuus (in prose 
generally lasting through the year, in 
poetry, recurring every year, but rarely 
thus in prose): the y. changes of the 
seasons, annuae commutationes, Cic. Inv. 
I, 48, 59: offer the y. sacrifices to great 
(eres, a. magnae sacra refer Cereri, Virg. 
G. 1, 338. Q. apniversarius (recur- 
ring as the year comes round) : y. sacri- 
Jices, a. sacra, Cic. Verr. 4, 39, 84: the 
swiftness of the heavens accomplishing 








YEOMAN 


| ciens vicissitudines a., Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 
g7- Pbhr.: the honour was increased 
| by the offer of a y. salary of jive hun- 
dred thousand sesterces, honur auctus 
| est oblatis in singulos annus quingenis 
sestertiis, Tac. A. 13, 34. 

yearly (adv.): 1, qudtannis: the 
Sicilians pay tribute y., Siculi quotan- 


nis tributa conferunt, Cic. Verr 2, 53, 
131. 9. in singulos annos: v. prec. 
art. 8, insingulis annis: the sun per- 


Jorms y. two journeys from the opposite 
ends of heaven, sol binas in singuti- an- 
nis reversiones ab extremo coniraras 
facit, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 102. 

yearn: désidéro, 1° what nature 
wants, seeks, yearns for, quid natura 
velit, anquirat, desideret, Cic. Am. 24, 
28: that day and night you may love 
me, y. for me, dies noctesque me ames, 
me desideres, Ter. Eun. 1, 2,113. Phr. 
Iy. for the city, me desiderium tenet 
urbis, Cic. Fam. 2, 11, 1 you will do 
all that we have so long waited and 
y.d for, expleris omnem exspecta- 
tionem diuturni desiderii nostri, id. de 
Or. 1, 47, 205. 

yearning: désidérium to nave a 
passionate y for me, desiderio nostri 
aestuare, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 1: Rome and 
my home occur to me, anda y. for tie 
place, Roma domusque subit deside- 
riumque locorum, Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 21. 

yeast: fermentum- bread without 
y., panis sine fermento, Cels. Fig... 
take this as y. to make your choler rise, 
accipe et istud fermentum tibi habe, 
Juv. 3, 188. 

yell(v.): 1, tiltlo, 1: the priest of 
the inspiring mother (Cybele) y.s, ululat 
matris entheae Gallus, Mart. 5, 41, 3. 

Q. ejulo, 1 (with pain): Hercules 

himself on Veta he had seen y.ing from 
excess of pain, ipsum Hercuiem in Oeta 
viderat magnitudine dolorum ejulantem, 
Cic. Tusc. 2, 7, 19. 

yell (subs.): 1, wlilatus, is: they 
shout and raise a y.,conclamant et ulu- 
latum tollunt, Caes. B.G.5, 37. 2, @jt- 
latio (of pain): a groan may be per- 
mitted sometimes to aman, a y. of pain 
not even to a woman, ingemiscere non- 
punquam viro concessum est, ejulatio ne 
mulieri quidem, Cic. Tusce. 2, 23, 55. 
Phr.: discordant y.s, dissoni clamores, 
Liv. 4, 28° caves echoing with mad y.s, 
antra ululata furoribus, Stat. Th. 1, 328, 

yellow: 1, flavus: the y. stream 
of honey, flavus mellis liquor, Lucr. 1, 
937: y. corn-fields, flava arva, Virg. G. 
1, 316: y. gold, flavum aurum, id. Aen. 
1, 592: y. hair, flava coma, Hor. Od. 1, 
5, 4- Q, flavens: Galaesus waters the 
y. corn-lands, humectat flaventia culta 
Galaesus, Virg. G. 4, 126. 8. fulvus 
(deep y., tawny); y. hair, f. caesaries, 
Virg. Aen. 11, 642: y. sand, f. arena, 
ib.12,741. 4, luteus (orange yellow) : 
a y. paleness, |. pallor, Hor. Ep. 10, 16: 
a y. robe, 1. palla, Tib. 1, 7, 46. 5. 
créceus (saffron): y. flowers, crocei 
flores, Virg. G. 4, 109: @ y. manile, c. 
chlamys, id. Aen. 11,775. 6, luridus 
(pale y., mostly of things that look 
ghastly and unpleasant): y. teeth, luridi 
dentes, Hor. Od. 4, 13,10. 7, galbanus 
(greenish y.): y. robes, galbana (vesti- 
menta), Juv. 2,97. §. gilvus (etymo- 
logically connected with yellow, but 
applied by Varro and Virgil only to 
horses). Phr.- when the harvest shall 
be y. with ripe ears, quum maturis fla- 
vebit messis aristis, poet., Col. 10, 311. 

yellowish: 1. subflavus: y. hair, 
s. capillus, Suet. Aug. 79. 2, flavidus. 
y. turnip-tops, flavida rapacia, Plin. 

yelp: gaunio, 4: to y. ts properly 
said of dogs, gannire proprie est canum, 
Non. 450, 11. Fig.: what ts he y.ing 
for? quid ille gannit? Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 17. 
Phr.. dogs caress their puppies with a 
y.ing sound, canes catulos gaunitu vocis 
adulant, Lucr. 5, 1070. 

yeoman: no exact word: agri or 
agrorum ddminus: or simply agrarius, 
Cic. Att. 1, 19, 4: agricdla, cdlonus 
(farmer, but not necessarily of his 


their y. changes, impetus Caeli confi- | own land): sturdy yeomen, fortes coloni, 


3a 


961 


YES 


YIELD 





Virg. G. 3, 288. Phr.: he is an inde- 
pendent y., ploughing his own acres, 
paterna rura bobus exercet suis, Hor. 
Ep. 2, 3: yeomen of the guard, *sti- 
patores corporis, satellites: v. BODY- 
GUARD. 

yes: |. By single adverbs: ll: 
Ita: what mean you? is it pamegyrics ? 
yes, said Antonius, quidnam ? an lauda- 
tiones? ita, inquit Antonius, Cic. de Or. 
2, 10, 43: you said, I think, you were 
called Menaechmus? M. yes, certainly, 
Menaechmum opinor te vocari dixeras ? 
M. ita vero, Pl. Men. 5, 9, 37. BY. (SOE 
do you say that Phanium is left alone ? 
G. yes, ais Phanium relictam solam? G. 
Sievers web iy 2025012. 3, maxtme: 
throw the dice, father. D. yes, certainly, 
jace, pater talos. D.maxume, Pl. Asin. 
5,2,54. 4,admodum.  §, oppide: so 
you say he is gone, afraid of his father’s 
arrival? G. yes. P. And that the old 
manisinarage? G. yes, exactly, itane 
patris ais adventum veritum hinc abiis- 
se? G.admodum. P.etiratum senem? 
G. oppido, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 1. 6. certe: 
it is wretched then because it is an evil? 
A. yes, est Miserum igitur quoniam ma- 
lum? A. certe, Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9. ae 
sane: is her beauty what they say? P. 
yes, quite, estne ut fertur forma? P. 
sane, ler. Eun. 2, 3, 70. 8, plane, 
planissime: money has been given him 
to live on while working out some other 
rascality. G. yes, exactly so, argent- 
umst objectum, ut sit qui vivat, dum 
aliud aliquid flagiti conficiat. G. planis- 
sume, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 4. 9, étiam: do 
you want anything else? <A. yes, that 
you come directly, numquid vis? A. 
etiam, ut actutum venias, Pl. Am. 1, 3,46: 
to answer either yes or no, aut “ etiam” 
aut “non” respondere, Cic. Acad. 2, 32, 
104. ||, By ellipse with enim, enimvero, 
nempe, in corroborating a preceding as- 
Sertion: your wife said you called me. 
S. yes, I did order you to be called, te 
uxor aiebat tua me vocare. S. ego enim 
te vocari jussi, Pl. Casin. 2, 4,2: do vou 
really say so? S. yes I do, ain’ tu vero? 
S. aio enimvero, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 188: J 
know now what you want, yes, you want 
me to go away, scio jam quid velis, 
nempe hinc me abire vis, Pl. Merc. 4, 4, 
36. lll. By repetition of the word on 
which the emphasis rests in the inter- 
rogation, and this is probably the most 
frequent way in Latin of expressing a 
simple yes as an affirmative to a ques- 
tion: does Demipho deny that she is his 
kinswoman? G. yes, hanc Demipho ne- 
gat esse cognatam? G. negat: do you 
want me? D. yes, you, mene vis? PD. te: 
has he sold her? P. yes, vendidit? P. 
vendidit, Ter. Ph.: is this your opinion ? 
M. yes, sicinest sententia? M. sic: are 
you talking her to my father? S. yes, ad 
patremne ducis? S. ad eum ipsum, Ter. 
Heaut. Phr.: say either yes or no, vel 
tu aias vel neges, Pl. Rud. 2, 4, 14: Dio- 
genes says yes, Antipater no, Diogenes 
ait, Antipater negat, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91- 
to say yes to a proposal: assentiri: v. 
TO ASSENT. 

yesterday (adv.): héri or hére: 
where to-day is the Lyre which shone y. ? 
ubi est hodie quae Lyra fulsit heri? Ov. 
F. 2, 76: my substance is less to-day 
than it was y., res hodie minor est here 
quam fuit, Juv. 3, 23: y.-evening, heri 
vesperi, Ter. And. 4, 4, 29. 

yesterday (swés.): hesternus dies: 
the discussion of y. and to-day, hesterni 
atque hodierni diei disputatio, Cic. de Or. 
3,21, 81. Phr.: of y.: hesternus: the 
conversation of y., h. sermo, Cic. Rep. 3, 
12, 21: the night of y. (yesternight), h. 
nox, Ov. H. 19, 72: the day before y., 
nudius tertius, Cic. Att. 14, 11. 

et: |. As an adversative par- 
ticle, in contrasts, transitions, etc.: 
1, tamen: though he is free from 
blame, yet is he not without suspicion, 
quamquam abest a culpa, suspicione t. 
non caret, Cic. Rose. Am. 20,55: though 
the expectation be great, y. you will sur- 
pass u#, quamvis exspectatio sit magna, 
t. a id Rep. 1, 23, 37: though 
2 


I told you to come, y. I understand that 
you are of use where you are, licet tibi 
| significarim ut venires, t. intelligo te 
istic prodesse, id. Att. 3, 12, 3: without 
a though, after an indicative clause; 
freq. with sed : it is difficult to do, but y. 
| I will try, difficile factn est, sed conabor 
| t., id. Rep. 1, 43,66: with neque: and y. 
| not: and y. these are not unornamental, 
| neque t. illa non ornant, id. de Or. 2, 85, 
| 347. 2, vérum tamen or verun-ta- 
men: a foolish resolve, y. merciful, con- 
sillum stultum, verum tamen clemens, 
| Cic. Verr. 5, 39, 101. 8, nihilominus 
| (nevertheless) : there was less cause for 
grief, but y. assuredly cause for punish- 
ment, minus dolendum fuit, sed punien- 
dum certe n., Cic. Mil. 7, Ig. 4. at- 
tamen (but y.): the change of place 
seemed to do me good, y. etc., visa est 
|mihi loci mutatio profuisse, attamen, 
etc.: Cic. Fam. 7, 26,2. .5, quanquam 
(and y., esp. in exceptions made by the 
speaker himself): and y. what am I say- 
ing ? q. quid loquor? Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 22: 
and y. I should like to know, q. scire 
sane velim, id. N. D. 3, 16, 42. 6. 
etsi (though, in fact ; to restrict) : J suffer 
for my rashness ; and y. what rashness 
was it ? do poenas temeritatis meae ; e. 
quae fuit illa temeritas? Cic. Att. 9, 10, 
2. 7. sed (but): you have found me 
at leisure, y. more so from active toil 
than in mind, me otiosum nactus es, s. 
otiosiorem opera quam animo, Cic. Rep. 
I, 9, 14. 8. at (chiefly after clauses 
with if); if you despise mankind, y. 
expect that the gods are mindful of right 
and wrong, si genus humanum temnitis, 
at sperate deos memores fandi atque 
nefandi, Virg. Aen. 1,543: a state of our 
country, tf not good, y. at least safe, 
status civitatis, si non bonus, at saltem 
certus, Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 2. 9. saltem 
(at least): if that cannot be, y. this can, 
si illud non licet, s. hoc licebit, Ter. Eun 
4,2,12. |], Of time, or of degree: still, 
Surther,etc, 1, adhuc (up te this point): 
there is nothing y. for you to fear, nil 
adhuc est quod vereare, Ter. Heaut. 
I, 2,1: he found the king y. wavering, 
Tegem consecutus est fluctuantem a., Liv. 
33, 49: if thereis y. room for prayers, si 
quis a. precibus locus, Virg. Aen. 4, 319: 
with comparative (not thus in Cicero): 
this embassy ts yet milder, haec legatio 
est a. lenior, Liv. 21, 18. 2. étiam 
(even y., yet more): do you not y. know 
me well? non satis me pernosti e.? Ter. 
Andr. 3, 2, 23: because he has not y. 
given the minae, quia minas non e. 
dedit, Pl. Ps. 1, 3, 46: I beg of you y. 
this one thing, unum e. hoc vos oro, ‘Ter. 
Eun. 5, 8, 54: im minds there are y. 
greater varieties, in animis existunt 
majores etiam varietates, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 
107. 3. etiamnune, or -num (even 
now): is the woman y. within? e. 
mulier intu’st ? Pl. Mere. 4, 5, 14 (e. is 
usu. with present tenses). Phr.: not 
y., nondum: zt is not y. a hundred and 
ten years since the law was passed, 
nondum centum et decem anni sunt 
quum lex lata est, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75 
(nondum is of the non-existence or non- 
occurrence of a thing when something 
else exists or happens; or of the non- 
occurrence of what is yet expected to 
happen: whereas non with adhuc, 
etiam, is as yet not). 
yew: taxus, f.: y.s are bent into 
bows, taxi torquentur in arcus, Virg. G. 
2,448. Phr.: a wood of y.s, taxea silva, 
Stat. S. 5, 5, 29: poison made from y., 
taxicum venenum, Plin. 16, fo, 20. 
yield: A, Trans.- |. To 
produce, bear: ]. féro, tili, latum 
(to bear): the earth which can y. fruits, 
quae terra fruges ferre possit, Cic. Leg. 
2,27; 67. 9. efféro: that which the 
fields y., id quod agri efferant, id. Rep. 
25 4s 8. proféro: Plin. 4, 
pario, pépéri, partum, 3: the corn and 
other things which the earth y.s, fruges 
et reliqua quae terra pariat, Cic. N. D. 
eae b 5, fundo, fudi, fusum, 3 (to 
y. copiously): which the earth y.s with 
the greatest bounty, quae terra maxima 











YOKE 


cum largitate fundit, id. N. D. 2, 62, 156. 
6. effundo: lands y. corn, segetes 
fruges effundunt, id. Or. 15, 48. Il. 
10 give, grant, impart, offer, etc. : i 
affero: it y.s much pleasure, jucundi- 
tatis plurimum affert, id. Fin. 1, 16, 53. 
2. praesto, stiti, stitnm, and statum, 
I (to offer): do you bid me y. my head 
to the lightning stroke ? jubes me ful- 
minibus praestare caput? Luce. §, 770. 
3, praebeo, ui, itum, 2: you must 
y. to the sword your neck, praebenda est 
gladio cervix, Juv. 10, 345. Il. Zo 
give up, allow, cede, surrender: 1, do, 
dédi, datum, 1 (to give up): in geo- 
metry if you y. the first points you must 
y. all, in geometria prima si dederis 
danda sunt omnia, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83: 
to y. the palm to any one, palmam dare 
alicui, Cic. 2. concédo, cessi, cessum, 
3 (to allow, cede): allow and y. this 
tomy modesty, date et concedite hoc 
pudori meo, Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 32: Sicily 
had been y.’d up in too hasty despair, 
Sicilia nimis celeri desperatione con- 
cessa, Liv. 21, 1. 3. cédo: y.ing up 
many rightful claims, cedens multa de 
suo jure, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 4, trado, 
didi, itum, 3 (to hand over): I y. to you 
my share of the talking, meam partem 
loquendi t. tibi, Pl. Asin. 3, 1, 14. 5. 
dedo, 3 (to surrender): that they should 
y. their city, lands, altars, hearths, and 
themselves, urbem, agrum, aras, focos, 
seque uti dederent, Pl. Am. 1, 1, 71: 
Remus is y.’d up for punishment, Remus 
ad supplicium deditur, Liv. 1, 5: to y. 
the limbs to sleep, d. somno membra, 
Lucr. 3, 113+ to y. themselves up heart 
and soul to this charm of learning, a. 
se toto animo huic discendi delectationi, 
Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 115. B, Intrans.. 
1, cédo, cessi, cessum, 3 : wherever we 
move the air seems to give place aud y., 
quacunque movemur videtur aer quas} 
locum dare et cedere, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 
83: our armies y.’d to Viriathus, Viri- 
atho exercitus nostri cesserunt, id. Off. 
2, 11, 40: y.ing to the gods in no other 
point save immortality, nulla alia re 
nisi immortalitate cedens caelestibus, 
id. N. D. 2, 61, 153: to y. to entreaties, 
c. precibus, id. Planc. 4, 9. 9. con- 
cedo: I am resolved to y. to no man 
living, certum est concedere homini 
nato nemini, Pl. Cas. 2, 4, 15: the 
senate y.'d to your demand, concessit 
senatus postulationi tuae, Cic. Mur. 23, 
47- 3. obséquor, secutus, 3, dep. (to 
comply): I will y. to your wish, obse- 
quar voluntati tuae, Cic. Fin. 2, 6,17: to 
y. to one’s inclinations, animo obsequi, 
PL. Mil. 3, 1, 83. Phr.: to y. projit, 
pleasure, etc.: esse usui, voluptati, etc. 
to y. one’s right, decedere de jure suo, 
Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1: to y. a position, ex 
loco cedere, Liv. 3, 63: to y. the palm, 
palmam deferre, Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 227: 
Cotta at length y.s, tandem dat Cotta 
manus, Caes. B. G. 5, 31: y.ing to the 
entreaties of his father, victus patris 
precibus, Liv. 23, 8: forced to y. in the 
long contest, minor in certamine longo, 
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 35. 
yielding (subs.) : 1, cessiv (sz7- 
rendering, a legal term): a y: in point 
of right, in jure c. Cic. Top. 5, 28. 
2. concessio: by our y. they have 
lost all the force of their right, uostra 
concessione omnem vim sui juris amise- 
runt, Cic. Att. 3, 24, 1. Generally the 
subs. yielding would be expressed by a 
phrase with verb: our y. proves our 
cause weak, *quod cedimus causam 
arguit infirmam. 
yielding (aj.): |. Of persons: 
obséquens, obséquidsus, facilis: v. com- 
PLAISANT. Il. Of things soft, flexi- 
ble: mollis: y. water, mollis aqua, Ov. 
A. A. I, 476: Vv. SOFT, PLIANT. 
yoke (subs.): jugum: we place y.s 
on some beasts, quibusdam bestiis juga 
imponimus, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151: a cow 
that shakes off the y., bos j. detrectans, 
Virg. G. 3, 57: to remove the y. from the 
oxen, j. demere bobus, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 42. 
Of a pair of oxen: to plough with fewer 
y.s of oxen. minus multis jugis arare, 


YOKE 


Cic. Verr. 3, 51, 120. Of the doorway 
made by thice spears, under which a 
vanquished enemy was sent in token 
of submission: the dictator sent the 
Aequians under this y., sub hoc j. dic- 
tator Aequos misit, Liv. 3, 28: hence 
Fig.: from whose necks they had re- 
moved the y. of slavery, cujus a cervi- 
cibus j. servile dejecerant, Cic. Phil. 1, 
2, 6: the Brigantes have been able to 
throw off the y., Brigantes j. exuere 
potuere, Tac. Agr. 31: to bear the y. 
(of wedlock), ferre j., Hor. Od. 2, 5, 1: 
love unites by a y., jugo cogit Venus, id. 
Od. 3,9, 18. For yoke figuratively used 
y. alSO DOMINION, TYRANNY. 

yoke (v.): 1. jungo, nxi, nctum, 
3: to y. horses to a chariot, currus et 
equos j., Virg. G. 3, 114: y. suitable 
pairs, aptos junge pares, ib. 167: to y. 
to a chariot, j. ad currum, Plin.: J will 
y. (join) to you Deiopea in firm wed- 
lock, Deiopeam connubio jungam stabili, 
Virg. Aen. I, 73. 2, conjungo (to y. 
together): to y. together two pairs of 
horses, bis conjungere binos equos, Lucr. 
5, 1299. Phr.: to y. a beast, jugum 
imponere bestiae: Cic.: jugo subdere 
bestiam: Plin. 
-fellow : 1, conjux, jiigis 
(the exact word, but only used of a 
married pair): true y.s, boni conjuges, 
Cat. 61, 233. 9. sdcius (partner) : 
a y. and partner in my toil, s. et consors 
laboris, Cic. Brut. 1, 2. 

yoked: jigalis, e: horses and beasts 
of burden y., j. equi jumentaque, Curt. : 
two y. (horses), gemini jugales, Virg. 
Aen. 7, 280. 

yolk: 1, vitellus: hard eggs con- 
tain a male y., marem cohibent callosa 
(ova) vitellum, Hor. S. 2, 4, 14. 2 
litteum (the yellow part): the y.s from 
pigeons’ eggs, lutea ex ovis columba- 
rum, Plin. 

yon, yonder: if used as adj., expr. 
by demonstr. pronouus : 1, iste or 
istic (that neur you, that which you 
see): y. benches (where you were sitting) 
were deserted on your arrival, adventu 
tuo ista subsellia vacuefacta sunt, Cic. 
Cat. 1, 7, 16. Q. ille or illic (of more 
remote things): y. man is Sosia, illic 
est Sosia, Pl. Am. prol. 148. When a 
person is seen coming, it is often expr. 
by ecce, behold: y. comes to meet me 
the mun I am seeking, quem quaero 
ecce obviam mihi’st, Pl. Bac. 4, 4, 16: 
often ecce is combined with accus. of 
pronoun: y. ts her very self, eccam 
ipsam, Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 12: y. comes in 
haste your wife, eccillam festinat uxor 
tua, Pl. Stich. 4, 1, 30° J see her y., 
eccistam video, id. Cure. 5, 2, 17. 

yore: Phr.: of yore: 1, dlim: 
thus of y. they ke, sic olim loque- 
bantur, Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 183. OF 
uondam: great was the reverence of y. 
or the hoary head, magna fuit quondam 
capitis reverentia cani, Ov. F. 5, 57. 
Days of y., tempora antiqua. Men of y., 
antiqui, veteres: such precepts gave those 
men of y. to their juniors, huec illi ve- 
teres praecepta minoribus, Juv. 14, 189: 
V. ANCIENTLY, ANCIENT. 

young («dj.) : 1, jiivénis (rare as 
adj. i the positive degree): yer by a 
whole year, toto junior anno, Hor. Ep. 2, 
I, 44: ay. sheep, ovis juvenis, Col. 2, 
adoélescens: that I may use the same 
right when old that I used when yer, 
eodem ut jure uti senem liceat quo 
sum usus adolescentior, Ter. Hec. prol. 
alt. 3. 3, parvus (small): y. children, 
p. liberi, Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37. 4, par- 
villus: @ y. Aeneas, p. Aeneas, Virg. 
Aen. 4, 326. 5, infans (infant): y 
children, infantes pueri, Cic. de Or. 2, 
39, 162. 6. novus (new, fresh): y. 
of/spring, nova proles, Lucr. 1, 260: a 
y. bride, n. nupta, Cat. 61, 80. (4 
novellus: a y. goat, n. capra, Varr.: y. 
vines, n. vites, Virg. E. 3, 11. Of men 
and women at various points of youth 
the above are used substantively and 
some other terms. A y. child, infans: 
a y. lad (boy), puer: y. girl, puella: y. 
man, adolescens, juvenis: y. woman, 








YOUTHFULNESS 





virgo. Phr.: a very y. man, homo 
peradolescens, Cic. Manil. 21, 61: to 
grow y. again, repuerascere, Cic.: Juve- 
nescere, Ov.: Plin. 

young (subs.): offspring: 1. 
partus, us (of any creature): animals 
fight for their y., bestiae pro suo partu 
propugnant, Cic. Vusec. 5, 27, 79. 
fetus, is: animals that have many y. at 
a birth, quae multiplices fetus procre- 
ant, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128, 3. proles, 
is, f.: when the eaglt has fed her young, 
ubi esca aquila replevit prolem suam, 
Phaedr. 2, 4, 19. 4. stiboles: the y. 
of the flock, suboles gregis, Hor. Od. 3, 
13, 8. 5, pullus (of any animal ; but 
the kind is generally defined by some 
addition): y. of horse, ass, p. equinus, 
asininus, Varr.: Col.: the y. of a frog, 
pulli ranae, Hor. S. 2, 3, 314: the y. of 
pigeons, p. columbini, Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 
3. 6. catiilus (of quadrupeds) : let 
the beasts hide their y., catulos ferae 
celent, Hor. Od. 3, 3, 41: v. WHELP. 

younger: 1, junior: v. rounG. 

2, minor: y. by one month, m. uno 

mense, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 40: the y. daughter 
of king Ptolemy, filia minor Ptolemaei 
regis, Caes. B. C. 3, 112. Phr.: minor 
natu: Cic.: aetate minor: Ov. 

your: tuus(sing.): vester, tra, trum 
(plur.). 

yourself (sing.): tu ipse, tute; tute- 
met (colloquial): plur., vos ipsi, vosmet, 
vosmet ipsi. 

youth: |. The age of youth: 

1, jiiventus, itis, f.: things which 

are done in y. and strength, quae ju- 
ventute et viribus geruntur, Cic. Sen. 6, 
15. 9. jiiventa: he had not so borne 
him from his y., non ita se a juventa 
eum gessisse, Liv. 35, 42: hot tempered 
in y., calidus j., Hor. Od. 3, 14, 27. a 
jiiventas (poet.): active y., levis j., Hor. 
Od. 2, 11,6. 4, addlescentia (ripen- 
ing y., earlier than juventus strictly, 
but used generally): old age steals upon 
y. more quickly than y. upon boyhood, 
citius adolescentiae senectus quam puer- 
itiae adolescentia obrepi!, Cic. Sen. 2, 
4: in early y., ineun*’ 9 id. Off. 1, 
32, 117: from the earliest y., jam 
a prima adolescentia, id. Fam. 1, 9, 
23. 5, puéritia (boyhood): from y. 
upwards, a p., Cic. Rep. 1, 6, Io. 6. 
aetas, atis, f.: (determined by the 
context to mean youth): the inexpe- 
rience of early y., ineuntis aetatis in- 
scientia, Cic. Off. 1, 34, 122: the flower 
of y., flos aetatis, id. Phil. 2, 2,3: things 
which his y. allowed, quae ipsius ae. per- 
tulit, id. Verr. 1, 12, 33. Phr.: from 
y. up, 4 puero, pueris (acc. to the num- 
ber sing. or plur.): from tender y., ab 
infantia: Tac.: the years of y., juvenes 
anui, Ov. M. 4, 295. |]. 4 body of 
youth: jiiventus: all the y. had as- 
sembled, omnis j. convenerat, Caes. B. G. 
3, 16: the Trojan y., Trojana j., Virg. 
Aen. 1,467. — ||], A youth, young man: 
juvenis, adolescens, puer. Of these 
three juvenis is older than adolescens, 
puer younger; and this last, though 
used of persons as old as twenty, seems 
meant in such cases to emphasize their 
youthfulness: v. YOUNG. 

youthful: 1. jiivénilis, e: y. free- 
dom of spealcing, j. dicendi licentia, Cic. 
Brut. 91, 316: y. years, j. anni, Ov. M. 
8, 632. Q, juivénilis, e (poet. and late 
prose): a y. body, j. corpus, Virg. Aen. 
5, 475. 8. puérilis, e (boyish): of y. 
appearance, but matured wisdom, puerili 
specie, senili prudentia, Cic. Div. 2, 23, 
50. 

youthfully: 1. jiivéniliter: exult- 
ing y., j.exsultans, Cic. Sen. 4, 10. Sp. 
puerorum, adolescentium more, modo, 
Cic. 3. puériliter: Phaedr. 

youthfulness : Jull of youth: 
*aestus juventutis (Rubok.). 





ZERO 


Z. 


ANY: |. A fool, jester : pe 
sannio: what can be so ridiculous 
as a z. is? quid potest esse tam ridi- 
culum quam sannio est? Cic. de Or. 2, 
61, 231. 2. maccus (in the Atellane 
plays): Diom. 3, coprea (a court fool): 
Suet. Tib. 61. 4, *fatuus (Seneca in 
Ep. 50, speaks of a fatua kept by a 
Roman lady of rank): v. BUFFOON: but 
the Latin scurra is something much 
more polished than the English zany or 
buffoon. ||. A simpleton: homo 
ineptus, stultus, etc.: simpletons and 
z.8, stulti, stolidi, fatui, Pl. Bac. §, 1, 2. 
zeal: 1, stadium: to employ z. 
and pains in anything, 8. operamque 
in re ponere, Cic. Fin. 1, 1,1: let there 
be ever z., never delay, 8. semper adsit, 
cunctatio absit, id. Am. 13, 44: to show 
readiness and z., alacritate ac studio uti, 
Caes. B. G. 4, 24. I promise you my best 
z., tibi polliceor eximium meum stu- 
dium, Cic. Fam. 5, 8,4: our countrymen 
burned with z. for oratory, nostri ho- 
mines dicendi studio flagraverunt, id. de 
Or. 1,4. 14: lo be possessed with z., teneri 
studio, Cic. 2, ardor, dris (warm 
eagerness): such was their z. for the 
Jight, tantus fuit a. armorum, Liv. 22, 5: 
whose rashness we checked and quenched 
their z., quorum repressimus impetum 
ardoremque restinximus, Cic. ad Br. 2, 
My, 1. 3, fervor, Oris: youthful z., f. 
aetatis, id. Sen. 13, 45. 4. Alacritas 
(readiness for action): z.in defence of 
the state, a. reipublicae defendendae, id. 
Phil. 4, 1, 1. 5, industria (diligence) : 
to employ z. in writing, i. in scribendo 
ponere, id. Fam. 3, 9, 3: devotion and 
z., studium et industria, id. Sen. 7, 22. 
Phr.: J will attend to it with z. and 
diligence, studiose diligenterque curabo, 
id. Att. 16, 16, A., 5: such was his 
painstaking and constant z., talis erat 
labor, assiduitas, id. Balb. 2, 6. 
zealot: Phr.: an eager z. for my 
reputation, existimationis meae studio- 
sissimus cupidissimusque, Cic. Verr. 2, 
47, 117: @ z. in your cause, acerrimus 
tui defensor, id. Fam. 1, 1,2: supersti- 
tious philosophers, nay, one may say, 
Jrantic z.s, philosophi superstitiosi et 
paene fanatici, Cic. Div. 2, 57, 118. 
zealous: 1. stiididsus: z. in all 
learning, s. omnium doctrinarum, Cic. 
Fam. 4, 3, 3. 4. for his success, studiosi 
illius victoriae, id. Att. 1, 16, 8. oH 
acer (sharp, fiery): a most z. patriot, 
civis acerrimus, Cic. Fam. 10, 28,1. 3 
ardens (warm): spirited and z., acer, 
ardens, Cic. Or. 28, 99. 4, vehémens 
(violent): z. and fiery, v. acerque, Cic 
Caec. Ic, 28. 
zealously: 1, sttididse: to seek 
z. 8. investigare, Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17. 
2. acriter. they attend more z., 
acrius advertunt animum, Lucr. 3, 54 
most z., acerrime, Cic. 3. ardenter: 
to desire z. cupere a., Cic. ‘Tusc. 4, 17, 
39. 4, intente (earnestly): while the 
levies were prosecuted more z.,cum de- 
lectus intentius haberetur, Liv. 8, 17. 
5, Enixe (with strenuous effort): t 
undertake a@ cause z., &, causam suscipere, 
Cic. Sest. 16, 38: they helped more z., 
enixius adjuverunt, Liv. 29, 1. 6. 
industrie: to manage diligenily and z., 
diligenter industrieque administrare, 
Caes. B. G. 7, 60. 
zebra: *equus zebra: Cycl. 
zebu: * bos Indicus: Cycl. 
zenith: *vertex: Phr.: the sunt 
in the z., *sol supra verticem est, rectig 
desuper radiis ferit. 
zephyr: 1. Zéphyrus: Temps 
stirred by z.s, zephyris agitata lempe, 
Hor. Od. 3, I, 24. 2. Favonius (the 
pure Latin word): by the pleasing re- 
turn of spring and the z., grata vice 
veris et Favoni, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 1. 
zero (cipher, nothing): *zero, signum 
absentis numeri. Fig.: *nihil, ni- 
3 


ZEST 





hilum: his worth is z., *nihili aesti- 
mandus est. 
zest: |. Lit.: relish, taste: si- 
por, gustus: v. RELISH. ll. Fig.: 
1. gustatus, is: they have no z. jor 
true praise, verae laudis gustatum non 
habent, Cic. Phil. 2, 45, 115. 9. amor 
(love, passion): to do a thing with z., 
*cum amore agere. 3, impétus, ts: 
pleadings when recited lose all their z. 
and warmth, actiones quae recitantur 


impetum omnem caloremque perdunt, 


Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 2. 
zig-zag: Pbr.: 2. paths, anfractus 
viarum, Liv. 33, 1: z. ways on a hill- 
side, anfractus jugi, id. 44, 4: a black 
904 


ZONE 


ZOOPHYTE 





‘cloud through which z. and quivering 
Jlames broke, atra nubes ignei spiritus 
tortis vibratisque discursibus rupta, 
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 9. 

zodiac: *Zodiacus, m., only in late 
writers: the zodiac is described in Cicero 
as, signifer orbis, signifer circulus; orbis 
duodecim signorum, orbis in duodecim 
partes distributus (Div. 2, 42, 89: Tusc. 
1,20; 062N=2 292,20; 53): in Wargil 
(G. I, 239) by obliquus ordo signorum. 





zone: |. A girdle: cingilum, 
| zona: V. GIRDLE. I]. A division of 
| the earth: 1, cingilus: the earth 
| surrounded by certain z.s. terra circum- 
| data quibusdam cingulis, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 


THE END. 








21. 2. zona: five z.s compass the 
earth, quinque tenent caelum zonae, 
Virg. G. 1,233: the fifth z. is hotter than 
the others, quinta zona est ardentior illis, 
Ov. M. 1, 46: the torrid z., z. torrida, 
Plin. Phr.: the frigid (icy) z., glacialis 
relus Ov. M. 2, 153: glacialis regio: 
‘ol. 

zoological: *zoologicus: Mod. Lat. 
(Kr.). Phr.: z. garden, * vivarium, 
septum ferarum (Kr.). 

zoology: *descriptio animantium: 
*zoologia: Mod. Lat. (Kr.). Phr.: to 
study z., *animantium naturam inves 
tigare. 


zoophyte: *zoophytum: Lina. 


iw 


INDEX OF PROPER NAMES. 


PPP PPP LPP PLP PIF PI LPP LLL LLLP 





INDEX OF PROPER NAMES, 


ACH 


daron, Aaron, -onis (m.). 

dba, Abe, -arum (/.). 

Abantes, the, Abantes, -um (m.); of or be 
longing to the Abanics, Abantius, -a, 
-um. 

Abaris, Abaris, -idis and -is (m.). 

Abas, Abas, -antis (m.) ; of or belonging to 
Abas, Abantéus, -a, -um; son or de 
scendant of Abas, Abantiades, -& (m.) ; 
daughter or female descendant of Abas, 
Abantias, -adis (f.). 

Abbeville, Abbatis villa (f.). 

Abdéra, Abdéra, -@ (f.), and Abdéra, 
-orum (n.); an Abderite, Abderites, -# 
(m.) ; of or belonging to Abdera, Abderi- 
ticus, -a, -um, and Abdéritanus, -a, -um. 

Abel, Abél, -élis, and Abélus, -i, also Abel, 
indecl. (m.); of or belonging to Abel, 
Abélicus, -a, -um. 

Abella, v. Avella. 

Aberdeen, Aberdona, -® (f.). 

Abigail, Abigail, -ilis (f). 

Abijah, Abias, -2 (m.). 

Abila, v. Abyla. 

Abimelech, Abimeléchus, -i (m.). 

Abingdon, Abendonia, -® (f.). 

Abnéba, Abnoba, -e, v. Black Forest. 

Aborigines, the, Aborigines, -um (#.). 

Aboukir, Canopus, -i (m.). 

Abraham, Abraham, -amis, Abrah&imus, 
-i, and Abras, -@ (™.); descendant of 
Abraham, Abrakamides and Abrami- 
des, w (m.); of or belonging to Abra 
ham, Abraméus, -a, -um. 

Abrantes, Abrantium, -ii (n.). 

Absalom, Absalon, or Absialo, -onis, and 
Absalomus, -i (m.). 

Absyrtis, v. Osero and Cherso. 

Absyrtus, Absyrtus, -i (m.). 

Abula, v. Avila. 

Abydos, Abydus, -i (m. and f.); of or be 
longing to Abydos, Abydénus, -a, -um. 

Abjjla, v. Ceuta. 

Abyssinia, Abyssinia, -e (f.) 

Acimas, Acamas, -antis (2.). 

Acanthus, Acanthus, -i (m.); Acanthean, 
Acanthius, -a, -um. 

Acapulco, Portus Aques pulchre. 

Acarnania, Acarn&nia, -® (f.); an Acar- 
nanian, Acarnan, -Anis; the Acarnant- 
ans, Acarnanes, -um (m.); Acarnanian, 
Acarnanicus, -a, -um. 

Acastus, Acastus, -i (m.). 

Acca, Acca, -@ (f.). 

Ace, v. Acre. 

Acerenza, Acherontia, -@ ( f.). 

Acesines, v. Jenaub. 

Acesta, Acesta, -@ (f.); the Acestans, Aces- 
tei, -orum (m.). 

Acestes, Acestes, -s (m.). 

Achea or Achaia, Achaia, -® (f.); Acheen, 
Achweus, -a, -um; Achaius, -a, -um (po- 
etical) ; Achivus, -a, -um, and Achaicus, 
a, -um; the Acheans, Achwi, -orum 
(m.); an Achean female, Achaias, -ddis 


(f.)- 

Achemenes, Achewménes, -18 (m.); of or 
belonging to Achemenes, Achemenius, 
-a, um; a descendant of Achemenes, 
Achemenides, - (m.). 

Acharna, Acharne, -arum (f.); Acharni- 
an, Acharnanus, -a, -um, and Acharnen- 
sis, -e. 

Achates, Achates, - (m.). 

Achedoils, the, Achélous, -i (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Achelous, Acheloius, -a, 
-um ; @ daughter of the Achelous, Ache- 
lois, -idis, and Acheldias, -adis. 

Acheron, the, Achéron, -ontis (m.); of or 
belonging to the Acheron, Acherontian, 
Acheronticus, -a. -um, and Acheronté- 





ZAC 


us, -€, -um; also usually Acherisius, -a, 
-um. 

Achillas, Achillas, - (m.). 

Achilleid, the, Achilléis, -idis ( f-). 

Achilles, Achilles, -is (m.), poetical also 
-6i and -i (after 2d decl.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Achilles, Achilléus, -a, -um, and 
Achilliacus, -a, -um; a son or descend- 
ant of Achilles, Achillides, - (m.); the 
tomb of Achilles, Achilléum, -i (n.). 

Acidalia, Acidilia, - (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Acidalia, Acidalian, Acidilius, -a, 
-um. 

Acilia, Acilia, -® (f.). 

Acilius, Acilius, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Acilius, Acilius, -a, -um, and Acilié- 
nus, -A, -UmM. 

Aciris, v. Acri. 

Acis, Acis, -idis (m.), the rtver, (f.) the 
island. 

Acmon, Acm6n, -dnis (m.). 

Acetes, Accetes, - (m.). 

Acrigas, v. Agrigentum. 

Acre (St. Jean d’ Acre), Ace, -es, and Aca, 
-e (f.). 

Acri, the, Aciris, -is (m.). 

Acrisius, Acrisius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Acrisius, AcrisiOnéus, -a, -um ; 
son or descendant of Acrisius, Acrisio- 
neces, & (m.\; daughter or female de- 


scexdant uf Acrisius, Acrisione, -68, and — 


Acrisiénéis, -idis (f.); 
Acroceraunian, Acrocéraunius, -a, -um, 


the Acroceraunian mountains, Acrocer- | 


aunia, -orum (7.). 

Acrécorinthus, Acrocorinthus, -i (f-). 

Acron, Acron, -Onis (*n.). 

Actaon, Act#on, -dnis (m.). 

Acte, Acte, -es (f.); of or belonging tw 
Acte, Actean, Actus, -a, -um. 

Actium, Actium, -ii (n.); of or belonging 
to Actium, Actian, Actiacus, -a, -um, 
and Actius, -a, -um. 


Actor, Actor, -dris (m.); son or descend- | 


ant of Actor, Actdrides, -s. 
Acileo, Aciileo, -6nis (m.). 


Adam, Adamus, -i, also indecl., Adam (m.). | 


Adda, the, Addua, -# (f.). 
Adeline, Adelina, -® (f.). 
Adherbal, Adherbal, -alis (m.). 


Adiabene, Adiabéné, -es, and -bénd, -e | 
(f.); of or belonging to Adiabene, Adia- | 


bénicus, -a, -um, and Adiabénus, -a, -um. 
Adige, the, Athesis, -is (m.). 
Admeto, Adméto, -fis (f-). 


Admétus, Admétus, -i (m.); of or belong- 


ing to Admetus, Admetéan, Admetéus, 


-a, -um. 

Adolphus, Adolphus, -i (m.). 

Adonis, Adonis, -is or -idis, and Adon, 
Onis (m.); of or belonging to Adonis, 


Adénéus, -a, -um; the festival of Ado- | 


nis, Adonia, -orum (n.). 

Adour, the, Atiiris, -is, or Atur, -iiris (m.). 

Adramyttium, Adramyttium, or -téon, gen- 
itive -i (n.), and Adramyttéos, -i (f.); 
of or belonging to Adramyttium, Adra- 
mytténus, -a, -um. 

Adrastéa, Adrastéa or -tla, -% (f.). 


Adrastus, Adrastus, -i (m.); of or belong- | 


ing to Adrastus, Adrastéus, -a, -um ; 
daughter or female descendant of Adras- 
tus, Adrastis, -idis. 


Adria, Adriacus, Adrianus, &c., v. Hadria. | 


Adrianople, Adriandpdlis, -is ( f.). 

Adriatic Sea, the, Sinus Adriaticus. 

Adrumétum, v. Hadrumetum. 

Aduatica, v. Tongres. 

a, Ma, -~ (f.); of or belonging to Za, 
£ean, /eus, -a, -um. 


facus, Pacus, -i (m.); of or belonging | 





ZOL 


to Macus, Macius, -a, -am, son or dé 
ascendant of Alacus, acides, -® ; cf or 
belonging to a son of Atacus, Hacidéh 
US, -8, -umM. 

aa, Awwé, -es (f.); of or belonging te 
ea, wus, -a, -um. 

as, as, -antis (m.). 

antéum, v. Ajac. 

Abutius, Ebutius, -i (m.); AZbuttan, Aba 
tius, -a, -um. 

Zidessa, v. Edessa. 

#idui, Zdui, -orum (m.); of or belong 
ing to the Zidui, Hduan, Hduicus, -a, 


-um. 

| Aétes, Létes or Héta, -w (m.); of or be 

longing to MHétes, Hétéan, Météus, -a, 

-um, and Métius, -a, -um; daughter or 

female descendant of Aetes, Métias, 

-adis, Aétine, -es, and Métis, -idis. 

| Hige, Ege or Hgew, -arum (f.); of or 

elonging to Age, #gean, Hgwus, -& 

-um ; inhabitants of Aga, Hgbates 
-ilum (m.). 

gaon, A.geon, -Onis and later -dnis (m.) 

gates, the, Lgates, -ium (f.). 

gee, v. Hge. 

gean, the, Sea, geum Mare. 

Zig éria, v. Egeria. Qa 

Aigeus, géus, -i, and Zgeus, cs (m.); 
son or descendant of Agcus, Hzides, 


-& (m.). 

Heidle, Egiile, -es (f.). r 

| Hgidleus, Hgidléus, -6i, and Lgialeus, 

-608 (m.). 

| Agine, gina, -e (f.); of or belonging 
tv gina, Hginensis, -e, and Hginét- 
cus, -a, -um; an tnhabitant of Hgina, 
MH ginéta, -~ (m.). 

Aginium, Hginium, -ii (n.). 

Agira, Hgira, -we (f.. 

Zigisthus, -i (m.). 

Agium, Lgium, -ii (n.); of or belonging 
to #gium, Agius, -a, -um. 

gle, Zgle, -es (f). 

4 gon, gon, -6nis (m.). 

Zgosthena, gosthéna, -orum (n.); the 
inhabitants of Ajgosthena, Hgosthént 
enses, -ium. 

Agupt, &c., v. Egypt. 

Aegyptus, Hgyptus, -i (m.). 

Zélian, lianus, -i (m.). 

lian, v. Zlius ; Alia, lia, -w (f.). 

Zlius, Llius, -ii (m.); of or belonging & 
Zlius, Zlian, lianus, -a, -um, and 
Filius. -a, -um; the Zlian house, Zilia 

ens. 

Aéllo, Aéllo, -ts (f-). 

milia, Emilia, - (f.). 

Zmilius, Emilius, -ii (m.); of or beleag 

ing to Aimilius, or the #milian gene, 
| Zmilian, Zmilianus, -a, -um, and 

Emilius, -a, -um. 

| Amon, Emon, nis (m.); son of Amon 

Emonides. 
Zmonia, &c., v. Hemontia 

| Znaria, v. Ischia. 

Znéas, Enéas, -% (m.); son or descend 
ant of Z2neas, Enéades, -& (m.); Of or 
belonging to Aineas, Enéius, -a, -um, 
a poem relating to Zneas, Enéis, -idos 








(f)- 

Pee the, Enéis, -idos ( f-). 

Znia or Znéa, ZEnia or Enéa, - (fi 
of or belonging to Ainéa, Hnéan,, Hne- 
aticus, -a, -um; inhabitants of Afnea, 
Zneites, -um (m.); A nianes, -um (m.) ; 
and AEnienses, -ium (m.). 

| Anus, Anus, -i, 1. (m.) river; 2. (f.) ctty 

| Aolia, Hilia, -w (f.); of or belonging te 

olia, Holian, Zolicus, -a, -um, and 

Zolius, -a, um. the Holians, FSlea 

709 





AGR 


“am (m.), and LOlii, -6rum (m.); land 
of the Holians, Holis, -idos (f.). 
Molus, Ldlus, -i (m.); son or descendant 
of Molus, /iolides, -w (m.), daughter 
aac descendant of Atolus, oli, 
-idis (f.). 
aes Apytus, -i (f.) ; Apytian, of or 
elonging to Aipytus, Epytius, -a, -um. 
qui, the, Hqui, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to the Aiqui, Aiquian, aqui- 
cus, -a8, -um, and A.quicilus, -a, -um; 
an Ziquian, Hquicilus, -i (m.). 
@isar, the, 7Esar, -aris (m.); A@sarian, 
AEsiréus, -a, -um. 
ischines, Hschines, -is (m.). 
@schylus, Hschylus, -i (m.); of Zschy- 
lus, Zischyléan, Eschyléus, -a, -um. 
sculapius, Asculapius, -ii (m.); Atscu- 
lapian, Esculapius, -a, um; a temple of 
Aisculapius, Hsculapium, -ii (n.). 
4isepus, the, isépus, -i (m.); Aesepian, 
‘Esépius, -a, -um. 
4iservia, Esernia, -e (f.); Asernian, of 
or belonging to Aisernia, Eserninus, -a, 
-um. 
Misis, Zsis, -is, 1. (m.) a river.—2. (f.) a 
town ; of or belonging to Aisis, sinas, 
-atis (adj.). 
son, son, -Snis (m.); of or belonging 
to Aison, Zsonius, -a, -um; son of Ason, 
ZEsbnides, - (m.). 
sop, Esopus, -i (m.); Asopian, of or 
belonging to A¢sop, Hsdpéus, -a, -um, 
and Xsbpicus, -a, -um. 
sila, Haile, -s (f); Hsilan, Eshla- 


Ethon, ASthon, -dnis (m.). 
&tna, Atna, -w, and te, -es (f.); 
mountain and city; of or belonging to 
itna, Hinean, Etnwus, -a, -um (of the 
mountain), and /Etnensis, -e (of the 


city). 

Biola AEtolia, -~ (f.); Atolian, FEtoli- 
cus, -a, -um; Atolius, -a, -um, and Eto- 
lus, -a, -um; an tolian, Ftdlus, -i 
(m.); an Zitolian female, EtOlis, -Idis 


AY 

Bibs, ZEtélus, -i (m.) . son or descendant 
of Atolus, Etdlides. 

anius, Afranius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 

ing to Afranius, Afranianus, -a, -um, 
and Armee -a, “um. ne 
rica, Africa, -e (jf); African, Afer, 

oes -um; Africanus, -a,-um, ard Afrt- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Agamede, Agamédé, -es (f.). 

Agaimédes, Agamédes, -is (m.). 

Agamemnon, Agamemnon or -no, genitive 
-Onis (m.); of or belonging to Agamem- 
non, Agamemndnius, -a, -um; son or 
descendant of Agamemnon, Agamem- 
nonides, Fe (m.). Cys ese 

Aganippé, Aganippé, -es (f.); Aganippé- 
an, Aganippéus, -a, -um, and Aganippi- 
ae -8, -um ; also, fem. adj. Aganip) 
-idos. 

Agar, v. Hagar. 

Agatho, Agitho, -dnis (m.). 

Agathocles, Agathocles, -is (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to Agathocles, Ag 
Agethocléus, -a, -um. 

Agathyrna, v. St. Agatha. 

Agave, Agavé, -es (f.). 

Agbatana, v. Ecbatana. 

Agde, Agatha, - (f.). 

Agen, Aginnum, -i (n.). 

Agendicum, Agendicum, -i (%.). 

Agenor, Agénor, -dris (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Agenor, Agéndréus, -a, -um; son 
or descendant of Agenor, Agéndrides, 
-6 (m.). 

Agesilaus, Agésilius, -i (m.). 

Agesipolis, Agésipolis, -is (a.). 

Agincourt, Agincurtium, -ii (n.). 

Agis, Agis, -idis, acc. Agin, Cic.,and Agim, 
Curt. (m.). 

Aglaia, Aglaia, -®, and -ale, -es (f.) 

Aglaophon, Agiaophon, -ontis (m.). 

Aglauros, Aglauros, -i (f.). 

Agnes, Agnes, -etis (f.). 

Agnon, Agnon, -6nis (m.). 

4gnonides, Agnonides, -& (s.). 

4grigentum, Agrigentum, - (n.), Greek 
Acragas, -antis (m.); of Agrigentum, 
Agrigentine, Agrigentinus, -a, -um, and 
Acra- or Agragantinus, -a, -um. 

<eveppe, \arippa, -w (m.); of or belong- 


iM, 


ALE 


ing to Agrippa, Agrippianus, -a, um, 
and Agrippinus, -a, um. 

Agrippina, Agrippina, -» (f.); of or be 
longing to Agrippina, Agrippinensis, 
-e, and Agrippinianus, -a, -um. 

Agron, Agron, -onis (m.). 

Agylla, Agylla, -« (f.); of or belonging 
to Agylia, Agyllinus, -a, -um. 

Agyrium, Agyrium, -ii (n.); of or - 
ing to Agyrium, Agyrian, Agyrine 
-e, and Agyrinug, -a, -um. 

Ahab, Achabus, -i (m.). 

Ahasuerus, Ahasuerus, -i (m.). 

Aia, the, Allia, -» (f.). 

Aiz, Aque Sextie (pl., f-). 

Air-la-Chapelle, Aquisgranum, -i (#.). 

Ajaccio, Urcinium, -ii (n.). 

Ajaz, Ajax, -acis (m.); tomb af Ajax, A): 
tium, -ii (7.). 

Akhissar, Thyatira, -@ (f.). 

Alabanda, Alabanda, - (f.), and Alaban- 
da, -orum (n.); of or belonging to Ala- 
banda, Alabandensis, -e; Alabandénus, 
-a,-um; Alabandicus, -a, -um; and Ala- 
bandinus, -a, -um; an inhabitant of Ala 
banda, Alabandeus, -el (m.) ; the inhabit- 
ants of Alabanda, Alabandes, -ium (sm.), 
and Alabandi, -6rum. 

Alans, the, Alani, -6rum (m.); Alanian, 
Alanus, -a, -um. 

Alaric, Alaricus, -i (m.). 

Alastor, es i (m.). 

Alatri, Aletrium, -ii (".); of or belonging 
to Aas Aletrinas, atis (adj.). 

Alazon, t 

Valastn, the. } Alazon, -dnia (m.). 

Alba, Alba, - (f.); Alban, Albaénus, -a, 
-um, and Albensis, -€; the Albans, Al- 
bani, -6rum (m.). 

Albania, Albania, -e (f.); Albanian, Al- 
banus, -a, -um. 

Albany, Albania, -~ (f.); Villa Albana; 
Albanian, Albanus, -a, -um. 

Albengo, Albium Ingaunum, -i (n.), 

Albinius, Albinius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Albinius, Albinianus, -a, -um. 

Albinus, Albinus, -i, (m.). 

Albion, Albion, -Snis, 1. (f.) as country. — 
2. (m.) a8 mase., prop. ®. 

Albis, Albis, -is (m.). 

Albium, Albium, -ii (m.), v. Albengo and 
Vintimiglia. 

Albius, Albius, -ii (m.); of or belonging to 
Albius or the Albia gens, Albius, -a, -um, 
and Albianus, -a, -um. 

Albucius, Albucius, -ii (m.); Albucian, Al- 
bucius, -a, -um. 

Alceus, Alcwus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Alceus, Alcaic, Alcéicus, -a,-um; son 
or descendant of Alceus, Alcides, -e 
(woe. -dé and -da). 

Alcala, Complutum, -i (n.). 

Alcamenes, Alciménes, -is (m.). 

Alcander, Alcander, -dri (m.). 

Alcanor, Alcanor, -Oris (m.). 

Alcathoé, Alcathoe, -es ( f.). 

Alcathous, Alcathous, -i (m.). 

Alce, Alce, -es (f.). 

Alcenor, Alcénor, -dris (sm.). 

Alcestis, Alcestis, -is ( F). 

Alcibiades, Alciblades, -is (woe. -de). 

Alcidamas, Alcidamas, -antis (.). 

Alcides, v. Alceus. 

Alcimachus, Alcimachus, -i (s.). 

Alcimede, Alciméde, -es (f.). 

Alcimedon, Alcimédon, -ontis (#.). 

Alcimus, Alcimus, -i (m.). 

Alcinoiis, Alcinoiis, -i (m.). 

Alcis, Alcis, -idis ( f.). 

Alcm@on, Alcmmo, -dnis (m.), of or be 
longing to Alcmaon, Alemsénius, -a, 
-um. 

Aleman, Alcman, -anis (ace. also -ana&) ; of 
or belonging to Aleman, Alcmanicus, 
-a, -um, and Alcmanius, -a, -um. 

Alemena, Alcména, -®, or Alceméné, -es (f.). 

Alcon, Alco, -6nis (m.). 

Alcyone, Alcydné, -es ( f-); Aleyonean, Al- 
cyonéus, -a, -um. 

Aldborough, Isurium, -li (n.). 

Alderney, Riduna, -s (f-). 

Alecto, Alecté or Allecté, -is (ft). 

Aleian, Aléius, -a, -um; the Aleian plain, 
Aléius campus. 

Alemanni, the, Alemanni, -6rum (m.); of 
or belonging to the Alemannt, Aleman- 
nic, Alemannicus, -a, -um. 

Alémon, Alémon, -dnis (m.); son or de- 
scendant of Alemon Alem6nides, -es (#.). | 


AMB 


Aleppo, reese “2 (f.). 

Aleria, Aléria, -@ (f.), and Alalia, -e , f. 

Alétes, Alétes, - ee Se: 

Aletium, Aletium, -ii (n.); Aletian, of or 
belonging to Aletium, Aletinus, -a, -um 

Alezander, Alexander, -dri (m.). 

Alezandria, Alexandréa, -® (f); of or be 
longing to Alexandria, Alexandrine, Al 
Reemrriey| arf -um. pe 

Alerandrépolis, Alexandrdpblis, -is (f.). 

Alexio, Alexio, -dnis (m.). ed 

Alfenus, Alfénus, -i (m.). 

Ae aay: -l; purer Latin, Ireneus, 
-i (m.). 

Algidus, Algidus, -i (s.) ; of or be 
to Algidus, Algide 6, and Algidua, 
-a, -um. 

ae bat Algeria, - (jf); Julia Ceesaréa 


Altcante, Lucentum, -i (2.). 

Anon, See -i (m.). 

Alinda, Alinda, -® (f.); or belong: 
to Alinda, ‘Alindesd, Z a 

sis rw “2 R 

Allia, Allia, -© (f.); of or belonging tw 
the Allia, ties Bs 

Alice, Alicia, - (f.). 

Allienus, Alliénus, -i (m.). 

Allier, the, Elaver, -6ris (m.). 

Allifa, Allifee, -arum (pl., f): Ks or be 
longing to Allifa, Allifanian, Allifanus, 


-8, -um. 

Allobrogian, an, Allobrox, -dgis (m.); tha 
Allobrogians, Allobrdges, -um; Alo. 
brogian, Allobrégicus, -a, -um. 

Almaden, Sisépon, -onis ( f.). 

Almo, Almo, -6nis (m.), 1. a river.—2. « 
man’s name: Almon, -dnis (f.), a city. 

Alnwick, Alnevicum, -i (n.). 

Alveus, Aldeus, -ei (m.) ; son or descendant 
of Aloeus, Aloides, -s (m.). 

Aloné, Alone, -es (f-). 

Alontio, v. Aluntium., 

Alépe, Alope, -es (f.). 

Alorus, Alorus, -i (f.), the inhabitants of 
Alorus, Alorite,, -arum (sm.). 

Alphenor, Alphénor, -dris (s.). 

Alphéus, the, Alphéus, -i (m.); of or be 
lenging to the Alpheus, Alphéus,-a, -um ; 
as pecul. fem. adj., Alphéias, -&dis ( p.). 

Alps, the, Alpes, -ium (f.); of or belong- 
ing to the Alps, Alpine, Alpinus, -a, -um, 
and Alpicus, -a, -um. 

Alsace, ee =O ck 

Alsium, Alsium, -ii (n.); of or belongin, 
to Alsium, Alsiensis, -e, and Alsius, = 
-um. 

Altinum (mod, Altino), Altinum, -i (n.) ; 
of or belonging to Altinum, Al wen. 
-itis, and Altinus, -a, -um. 

Aluntium (now Alontio), Aluntium, -ii (n.), 
of or belonging to Alunttum, Aluntinus, 
-a, -um. 

Alyattes, Alyattes, -is or -ei (m.). 

Alymon, Alymon, -dnis (m.). 

Alyzta, Alyzia or -zéa, -w (f.). 

Amalec, Amaléchus, -i (m.). 

Amalekites, the, Amalechite, -arum (m.) 

Amalfi, Melphia, -@ (f.). 

Amalthéa, Amalthéa, -@ (f.); temple of 
Amalthea, Amalthéum, -i (n.). 

Amanda, Amanda, -@ (f.). 

Amanus, Amanus, -i (m.) ; of or 
to Amanus, Amaniensis, -e, and Amani- 
cus, -a, -um; the passes of Amanus, 
Amanice pyle. 

Amaryjllis, Amaryllis, -Idis (f-), acc. ida, 
voc. -i. 

Amarynthus, Amarynthus, 1; Amaryntht 
an, Amarynthis, -idis (fem. adj.). 

Amaseno, the, Amasenus, -i (.). 

Amasia, Amasia, -@ (f.), a city; (m.) masc. 
prop. name. 

Amasis, Amasis, -is (m.). : 

Amastris (now Amastro), Amastris, -ts (f.), 
of or belonging to Amastris, Am 
cus, -a, -um; inhabitants of Amastria, 
Amastriani, -orum (m.). 

Amathus, Amathis, -untis (f.), ace. poet. 
-unta ; of or belonging to Amathus, Am- 
athusian, Amathisius, -a, -um, and Am- 
athisidcus, -a, -um. 

Ambiant, the, Ambianl, -orum (s.). 

Ambtoriz, Ambiorix, -igis (m.). 

Ambivius, Ambivius, -ii (m.). 

Ambracia, Ambricia, -@ (f.); Ambracian, 
Ambraciug, -a, -um; Ambraciensis, -e 
Ambracian Gulf (now Gulf of Arta), 
Ambracius sinus; an inhabitant of dm 


AMY 


oracia, Ambracidta or -tes, gen. -& (m.); 
fem. ad. Ambracias, -fdis. 
Ambrones, the, AmbrOnes, -um (m.). 
Ambrese, Ambrosius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Ambrose, Ambrosian, Ambrosia- 


nus, -a, -um. 
Amelia, Amelia, -@ ( f). Vid., also, Ame- 
ria. 


Ameria (now Amelia), Améria, -® (f.); of 
or belonging to Ameria, Amerian, Amé- 
rinus, -a, -um. 

America, America, - (f.) ; for long quan- 
tity of penult, v. Humboldt, Hist. de la 
Geog., vol. iv., p. 52, 8g. 5 American, 
Americanus, -a, -um; the United States 
of America, Civitates Fosderates Ameri- 
canes; North America, America Septen- 
trionalis; South America, America Me 
ridiana. 

Amestratus, Amestratus, -i (f.); of or be 
longing to Amestratus, Amestratian, 
Amestratinus, -a, -um. 

Amiens, Samarobriva, -« (f.). 

Amilcar, v. Hamilcar. 

Aminaan, Aminwus, -a, -um. 

Amisus, Amisus, -i (f.); of or belonging 
to Amisus, Amisian, Amisénus, -a, -um. 

Amiternum, Amiternum, -i (7.); of or be 
lunging to Amiternum, Amiternian, Am- 
iterninus, -a, -um, and poet. Amiternus, 
-a, -um. 

Amitinum, Amitinum, -i (n.); Amitinian, 
Amitinensis, -e. 

Ammianus, Ammianus, -i (m.). 

Ammon, Ammon, -onis (m.); of or be 
longing to Ammon, Ammontan, Amm6- 
niacus, -a, -um. 

Ammonites, the, Ammonite, -arum (m.). 

Amebeus, Amcebéus, -ei (m.); acc. poet. 
6a. 


Amorzus, Amorgos or -gus, -i ( f.). 

Amos, Amosus, -i, and Amos, éndecl. (m.). 

Ampelius, Ampelius, -ii (m.). 

A4mphidraus, Amphiaraus. -i (m.); of or 
belonging to Amphiara’.s, Amphidrééus, 
-a, -um; son or descendant of Amphia 
raus, Amphiaraides, - (m.). 

Amphicrates, Amphicrates, -is (m.). 

dmphictyon, Amphictyon, -dnis (m.); the 
Amphictyons, Amphicty6nes, -um, ace. 
-As (Amphictyonic council). 

dmphidamas, Amphidamas, -antis (m.). 

Amphilochi, the, Amphiléchi, -orum (m.) ; 
the country of the Amphilochi, Amphi- 
lochia, -e (f.); Amphilochian, Amphi- 
lochicus, -a, -um, o7 -lochius, -a, -um. 

Amphilochus, Amphilochus, -i (m.). 

Amphimedon, Amphimédon, -ontis (m.). 

Amphinémus, Amphindmus, -i (m.). 

Amphion, Amphion, -dnis (m.); of or be- 
longing to Amphion, Amphidnius, -a, 


-um. 

Amphipolis, Amphipdlis, -is (f-); of or be- 
longing to Amphipolis, Amphipolitan, 
Amphipolitanus, -a, -um; an inhabitant 
of Amphipolis, AmphipdOlites, -e (m.). 

Amphissa, Amphissa, -# (f.); of or be- 
longing to Amphissa, Amphissius, -a, 
“um. 

Amphithémis, Arnphithémis, -idis (m.). 

Amphitrite, Amphitrite, -és (f.). 

Amphitryo, Amphitrio or Amphitryon, 
-Onis (m.); son or descendant of Am- 
phitryo, Amphitrydniades, -e (m.) ; fem. 
adj., of or descended from Amphitryo, 
Amphitryonis, -idis. 

Amphrysus, Amphrysus, -i (m.); of or be- 
longing to Amphrysus, Amphrysian, 
Amphrysius, -a, -um, and pete 
acus, -a, -um. 

Ampsaga, the, Ampsaga, -® (m.). 

Ampsanctus, Ampsanctus, -i (m.). 

Ampycus, Ampycus, -i (m.); son or de 
scendant of Ampycus, Ampycides, -® 


(m.). 

Ampyz, Ampyx, -¥cis (m.). 

Amsanctus, v. Ampsanctus. 

Amsterdam, Amsteledamum and -loda- 
mum, -i (7.). 

Amulius, Amilius, -ii (™.). 

Amy, Amicia, -~, and Amata, -® . 

Amycla, Amycle, -arum (f.); of or be- 
longing to Amycle, Amyclean, Amy- 
cleus, -a, -um, and Amyclanus, -a, -um. 

Amyclas, Amyclas, - (m.); son or de- 
ecendant of Amyclas, Amyclides, -& (m.). 

Amycus, Amycus, -i (m.). 

Amydon, Amydon, -onis (f.). 

Amiymone. Amymoné, -es (f.); of or be- 


AND 


longing to Amymone, AMymoOnius, -8, 
-um. 

Amynander, Amynander, -dri (m.). 

Amyntas, Amyntas, -#@ (m.); son or de- 
scendant of Amyntas, Amyntiddes, -# 
(m.). 

Amyntor, Amyntor, -dris (m.); son or de- 
scendant of Amyntor, Amyntorides, -# 


(m.). 

yon Amjthaon, -dnis (m.); of or 
descended from Amythaon, Amythadni- 
us, -a, -um. 

Amyzon, Amyzon, -Onis (f.). 

Anacharsis, Anacharsis, -is (m.). 

Anacreon, Anacréon, -ontis (m.); of or be- 
longing to Anacreon, Anacreontic, Ana- 
creontéus, -a, -um, or -tius, -a, -um, and 
Anacreonticus, -a, -um. 

Anactorium, Anactdrium, -ii (n.); of or 
belonging to Anactorium, Anactorian, 
Anactdrius, -a, -um. 

Anagn.a, Anagnia, - (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Anagnia, Anagnian, Anagninus, 


-a, -um. 

Anaitis, Anditis, -idis (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Anaitis, Anaiticus, -a, -um. 

Ananias, Ananias, -& (m.). 

Anaphe, Anaphe, -es (f.). 

Anapo, the, Anapis, -is, or Anapus, -i (™.). 

Anas, the, Anas, -® (m.). 

Anastasius, Anastasius, -ii (m.); of or be- 
longing to Anastasius, Anastésianus, -a, 
-um. 

Anaurus, the, Anaurus, -i (m.). 

Anazagoras, Anaxagoras, -@ (m.); of or 
belonging to Anaragoras, Anazagoré- 
an, Anaxagoréus, -a, -um. 

Anatrander, Anaxander, -dri (m.). 

Anazarchus, Anaxarchus, -. (m.). 

Anazarete, Anaxaréte, -es (f-). 

Anaczilaus, Anaxilaus, -i (m.). 

Anazimander, Anaximander, -dri (m.). 

Anaziménes, Anaximénes, -ia (™.). 

Anazipolis, Anaxipdlis, -is (m.). 

Ancaus, Anceus, -i (m.). 

Ancalites, the Ancélites, -um (m.). 

Anchartus, Ancharius, -ii (m.); Anchart 
an, of or belonging to Ancharius, An- 
charianus, -a, -um. 

Anchémolus, Anchémdlus, -i (m.). 

Anchiale, Anchialé, -es (f.); of or belong- 
res to Anchiale, Anchialiténus, -a, -um 

té). 

Anchialus, Anchialus, -i (f.), @ city ; (m.) 
man’s name. 

Anchises, Anchises, - (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Anchises, Anchisseus or -86us, -8, 
-um; son or descendant of Anchises, An- 
chisiades, -s (m.). 

Ancona, Ancon, -6nis, and Ancéna, -® 
(f); of or belonging to Ancona, An- 
conitanug, -a, -um. 

Ancus, Ancus, -i (m.). 

Ancyra, Ancyra, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Ancyra, Ancyranus, -a, -um. 

Andalusia, Bestica, -@ (f.), or Vandalitia, 


-B (f.). 

Andanis, the, Andanis, -is (m.). 

Andatis, Andatis, -is (f.). 

Andantonium, Andantonium, -ii (n.); of 
or belonging to Andantonium, Andan- 
toniensis, -e. 

Andegavi, the, Andegavi, -orum (m.). 

Andera, Andéra, -orum (7.). 

Anderitum, Andéritum, -i (n.). 

Andernach, Antunnacum, -i (n.). 

Andes, the, Andes, -ium (m.); l.a p 
of Gaul, and, 2. city of Italy; cf or be- 

ng to Andes (2), Andinus, 8, -um. 

Andocides, Anddcides, -is (m.). 

Andremon, Andrsmon, -dnis (m.). 

Andrew, Andréas, -® (m.). 

Andriaca, Andriaca, -, and -iace, -es8 


Andrian, v. Andros. 

Andricus, Andricus, -i (m.). 

Andriscus, Andriscus, -i (m.). 

Andro, v. Andron. 

Androbulus, Androbtilus, -i (-). 

Androcles, Androcles, -ia (m.). 

Androcydes, Androcydes, -is (m.). 

Androgeus, Andrdgéus, -i and -on, gen. 
-onis, ace. -ona (m.) ; of or belonging to 
Androgeus, Andrdgédnéus, -a, -um. 

Andromache, Andrdmaché, -es, and -cha, 


-e (f.). 
Andromeda, Andrdméda, -@, and -médé, 


| -és (f.). 
Andromenes, Andrdménes, -is (m.). 


ANT 

Andron, Andron, -Onis (m.__— af or belong 
ing to Andron, Andronius, -a, -um. 

Andronicus, Andronicus, -i (m.). 

Andros, Andros and Andrus, -i (f.); of 
or belonging to Andros, Andrian, An- 
drius, -a, -um. 

Androsthenes, Androsthénes, -is (m.). 

Androtion, Androtion, -onis (m.). 

Andorra, Andura, -®@ (f.); of or belong 
ing to Andorra, Andurensis, -e. 

Anemo (now Amone), the, Anémo, -onis 
(m.). 

Anemurium, Anémirium, -ii (n.) ; of or be 
longing to Anemurtum, Anemuriensis, 


-€. 

Angerona, Angéroéna, -® (f.); festival in 
honor of Angerona, Angeronélia, -ium 
and -orum (7.). 

Angers, Andegava, -® (f.). 

Angitia, Angitia, -@ (f.). 

Anglesey, Mona, -e® (f.). 

Angli, the, v. England. 

Angora, Ancyra, -@ ( f.) 

Angrivarii, Angriv&ril, -orum (m.). 

Anicius, Anicius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Anicius, Anician, Anicianus, -a, -um 

Anto (now Teverone), the, Anio, -onis, Ani- 
en, -6nis, and Anienus, -i (m.); of or be 
longing to the Anio, Aniénus, -a, -um 
(port), and Aniensis, -e; a dweller on 

Anio, Aniénicdla, -& (m.). 

Anigros, the, Anigros, -i (m.). 

Anistorgis, Anistorgis, -is (/-). 

Anius, Anius, -ii (m.). 

Anjou, Andes, -ium (m.); of Anjow, And 
nus, -&, -um. 

srt } Anna, -#® (/.). 

Annea, Annea, -® (f.). 

Anneus, Annzus, -i (m.). 

Annalis, Annalis, -is (m.). 

Annapolis, Annapolis, -is ( f-) 

Anneia, Anneia, -® Cf). 

Anneius, Anneius, fi, (m.). 

Annianus, Annianus, -i (™.). 

Annibal, v. Hannibal. 

Anniceris, Annicéris, -is and -idis (m.) 
the followers of Anniceris, Annicérél, 
-orum (7m.). 

Annia, Annia, -® (f.). 

Annius, Annius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Annius, Annian, Annius, -A, -UmM; 
Annianus, -a, -um; descendants of ths 
Annia gens, Anniade, -arum (m.). 

Ansbach,.Onolsbacum, -i (7.). 

Anser, Anser, -éris (m.). 

Antagopolis, Anteopolis, -is (f.); Anteo 
politan, Antwdpolites, -# (m.). 

Anteus, Anteus, -i (m.). 

Antandros, Antandros, and -drus, -i (f-), 
of or belonging to Antandros, Antan 

ius, -a, -um. 

Antarctic Ocean, Oceanus Antarcticus. 

Antemne, Antemne, -arum (f.), also in 
sing., but unus., -emna, -@ (f.); the in 
habitants of Antemne, Antemnates, -ium, 


(m.). 

Antenor, Anténor, -dris (m.); ef or be 
longing to Antenor, Anténdréus, -a, 
-um; son of Antenor, Anténdrides, -s 
(m.). 

Anteros, Antéros, -Otis (m.). 

Anthedon, Anthédon, -dnis (f.); of or be 
longing to Anthedon, Antheddnius, -a, 


-um. 

Anthemus, Anthémus, -untis (f.), and An 
themisias, -Adis (f); of or Zing 
to Anthemus, Anthemisius, -&, -um. 

Anthium, Anthium, -ii (”.). 

Anthony, v. Antonius. 

Antianira, Antianira, -® (/.). 

Antibes, Antipolis, -is (f.). 

Anticinobis, Anticindbis, -idis (f.). 

Anticlea, Anticléa, -@ (f-). 

Anticlides, Anticlides, -e (m.). 

Anticyra, Antic¥ra, -« (f.); the inhabit 
ants of Anticyra, Anticyrenses, -ium 
(m.). 

Antigenes, Antigénes, -is (m.). 

Antigenides, Antigénidas, and -des, -= 


(m.). 

Antigéne, Antigdné, -es, and -gona, -® ( f.). 

Antigonéa, Antigonéa or -nia, -® (f.); of 
or belonging to Antigonea, Antigénen 
sis, -€. 

Antigénus, Antigdnus, -i (m.) 

Antigua, Antiqua, -@ (f.). 

Antilibanus, Antilibanus, -i (m.). 

Antilochus, Antildchus, -i ey 


APO 


Antimachus, Anumachus, -i (m.). 
Antinous, Antinous, -i (m.); of or belong: 
ing to Antinous, Antindéus, -a, -um. 
Antinum, Antinum, -i (n.) ; inhabitants of 

Antinum, Antinates, -um (m.). 

Antioch, Antidchéa, and -chia, -® (f.); of 
or belonging to Antioch, Antidchensis, 
e; Antidchénus, -a, -um (late); Antid- 
chéus or -chius, -a, -um (Cic.); the in- 
habitants of Antioch, Antiochienses, -ium 


(m.). 

ane Antiochus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
tng to Antiochus, Antiochinus, -a, -um 
(e. g., bellum, &c., Cic.); pecul. Sem., 
Antiochis, -idos. 

Antiope, Antidpé, -4s, and -opa, -m (f.). 

Antiparos, Olear=s, -i (f.). 

Antipater, Antipater, -tri (m.). 

Antipatria, Autipatria, -@ (f.). 

Antiphas, Antiphas, -antis (m.). 

Antiphates, Antiphates, -# (m.). 

Antiphellus, Antiphellus or -los, -i (f.). 

Antipho, Antipho, -dnis, and Antiphon, 
-ontis (m.). 

4ntipélis, Antipolis, -is (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Antipolis, Antipolitanus, -a, -um. 

Antirrhium, Antirrhium, -i (7.). 

Antissa, Antissa, -®@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Antissa, Antissus, -a, -um. 

Antisthénes, Antisthénes, -is and -s (m.). 

Antistius, Antistius, -ii (m.). 

Antium, Antium, -ii (n.); of or belonging 
to Antium, Antias, gen. -atis; Antianus, 
-a,-um; Antiatinus, -a,-um; Antiensis, 
-e; and Antius, -a, -um. 

Antoninus, Antoninus, -i (m.); of or be- 
longing t Antoninus, Antoninianus, -a, 
-um. 

Antoniopélis, Antonidpdlis, -is (f.) ; the in- 
habitants of Antoniopolis, Antoniopoli- 
tesa, -arum (7.). 

Antonius, Antonius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Antonius, Antonianus, -a, -um, 
and Antonius, -a, -um. 

Antrim, Antrinum, -i (7.). 

Antron, Antron, -6nis (f.). 

Antwerp, Antuerpia, -® (f.); of Antwerp, 
Antuerpianus, -a, -um, and Antuerpien- 
Bis, -e. 

Anubis, Anibis, -is and -idis (m.). 

4ntur, Anxur, -iiris (7.), a city; also a 
mountain and name of a hero, both masc. ; 
of or belonging to Anzur, Anxiras, -atis, 
and Anxurus, -a, -um (poet.). 

Anytus, Anytus, -i (m.). 

don, Aon, -dnis (m.); son or descendant 
of Aon, Aonides, -% (m.). 

Aonia, Adnia, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Aonia, Adnius, -a,-um; pecul. fem., Ad- 
nis, -idis ; inhabitants of Adnta, Adnes, 
-um, ace. -as (m.). 

Aosta, Augusta Pretoria (f.). 

Aéus, the, Adiis, -i (m.). 

Apaméa, Apaméa or -mia, -@ (f.); of or 
belonging to Apamea, Apamensis, -€, 
and Apaménus, -a, -um; the inhabit- 
ants of Apamea, Apamei, -orum (m.). 

Apella, Apella, -& (m.). 

Apelles, Apelles, -is (m.); of or belonging 
to Apelles, Apelléus, -a, -um. 

Apennines, the (mountains), Apennini 
Montes (m.); Apennine, Apenninus, -a, 
-um. 

Aper, Aper, Apri (m.). 

Aperantia, Aperantia, - (f.); the inhabit- 
ants of Aperantia, Aperantii, -orum (m.). 

Aphareus, Aphareus, -ei (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Aphareus, Apharéius, -a, -um. 

Aphas, Aphas, -antis (m.). 

Aphesas, Aphésas, -antis, acc. -anta (m.). 

Aphidna, Aphidna, -®, and -idne, -arum 


Ge: 

Mies, Aphrddisias, -adis (f-); of or 
belonging to Aphrodisias, Aphrodisien- 
sis, -e, and Aphrodisiéus, -a, -um; the 
inhabitants of Aphrodisias, Aphrodisi- 
enses, -ium (m.) 

Aphrodisium, Aphrodisium, -ii (n.). 

Apicius, Apicius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Apicius, Apician, Apicianus, -a, -um, 
and Apicius, -a, -um. 

Apidanus, the, Apidanus, -i (m.). 

Apion, Apion, -onis (m.). 

Apis, Apis, -i8 (m.). 

Apodoti, the, Apoddti, -orum (m.). 

Apollinaris, Apollinaris, -is (m.). 

épollo, Apollo, -inis (m.); of or belongin 
to Apollo, Apollinéus, -a, -um, avd Apol- 
Hnéris, -e. 

N12 


ARC 


belonging to Apollodorus, Apollodoréus, 

-a, -um; the followers or imitators of 

Apollodorus, Apollodoréi, -orum (m.). 

| Apollonia, Apollonia, -© (f.); of or be 
longing to Apollonia, Apolloniensis, -e, 
and Apolléniaticus, -a, -um; an inhab- 
itant of Apollonia, Apolloniates, -e, and 
Apollonias, -atis (m.). 

Apollonides, Apollénides, -@ (m.). 

Apollonis, Apollonis, -idis (f.); of or be- 
longing to Apollonis, Apollénidensis, -€. 

Apollonius, Apollonius, -ii (m.). 

Apollos, Apollos, -i (m.). 

Apollyon, Apollyon, -6nis, (m.). 

Aponus, Aponus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Aponus, Aponinus, -a, -um, and Apo- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Appenzell, Abbatis Cella (f.). 

Appia, Appia, -@ (f.), a city ; of or belong- 
ing to Appia, Appian, Appianus, -a, -um. 

Appian, v. Appius; Appian Way, Appia 
Via (f.). 

Appius, Appius, -ii (m.), and Appia, Ap- 
pia, -© (f.), Roman proper names ; the 
Appian family, Appia gens; of or be- 
longing to the Appia gens, or to Appius, 
Appianus, -a, -um; pecul. fem. Appias, 
-idis; son or descendant of Appius, Ap- 
pidides, - (m.). 

Appleby, Aballaba, -@ (f-). 

Appuleius, Appiléius, -ii (m.); of or be 
longing to Appuleius, Appuléianus, -a, 
-um. 

Appulia, v. Apulia, 

Apronius, Apronius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Apronius, Apronianus, -a, -um. 
Aprus~m, Aprustum, -i (n.); inhabitants 
of Aprustwm, Aprustani, -orum (m.). 
Apia (a city), Apta (Julia), -@ (f.) ; inhab- 

itants of Apta, Aptenses, -ium (m.). 

Apuletus, v. Appuleius. 

Apulia, Apilia, -« (f.); of or belonging 
to Apulia, Apulian, Apilus, -a, -um, and 
Apilicus, -a, -um. 

Apulum, Apulum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Apulum, Apulensis, -e. 

Aquila, Aquila, -e (m.). 

Aquileia, Aquiléia, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Aquileia, Aquileiensis, -e, and 
Aquiléius, -a, -um. : 

Aquilius, Aquilius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Aquilius, Aquilianus, -a, -um, and 
Aquilius, -a, -um. 

Aquinum (now Aquino), Aquinum, -i (%.) ; 
of or belonging to Aquinum, Aquinas, 
-atis; the inhabitants of Aquinum, Aqui- 
nates, -ium. 

Aquitania, Aquitania, -e (f.); of or be 
longing to Aquitanta, Aquitanus, -a, 
-um; Aquitanicus, -a, -um; and Aqui- 
tanensis, -e; the inhabitants of Aquita- 
nia, Aquitani, Aquitani, -6rum (m.). 

Arabella, Arabella, - (f.). 

Arabia, Arabia, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Arabia, Arabian, Arabicus, -a, -um ; 
Arabius, -a, -um (Arabus, -a, -um; Ara- 
bianus, -a, -um; and Arabinus, -a, -um, 
late); an Arab, Arabs, -ibis (m.); an 
Arab female, Arabissa, - ; the Arabians, 
Arabes, -um. 

Arachne, Arachne, -és (f.); of or oelong- 
ing to Arachne, Arachneus, -a, -um. 

Arachosia, Arachosia, -& ( f.) ; Arachosian, 
Arachésius, -a, -um; the Arachosians, 
Arachosii, -orum, and Arachote, -arum 





(m.). 

Aracynthus, Aracynthus, -i (m.). 

Aradus, Aradus, -i (f.); of or belonging 
to Aradus, Aradéus, -a, -um, and Aradi- 
us, -a, -um. 

Aragon, Aragonia, -@ (f.). 

Aramaa, Aramema, -we (f.); the Aramei, 
Aramei, -orum (m.). 

Arar, the, Arar or Ar&ris, -is, acc. -im 
sometimes -in, abl. -i (m.); of the Arar, 
Araricus, -a, -um. 

Ararat, Ararat (m.), indecl. 

Aratus, Aratus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Aratus, Aratéus, -a, -um. 

Arausio, Arausio, -6nis ( f.). 

Arazes, the, Araxes, -is (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Arazes, Araxéus, -a, -um. 

Arbaces, Arbiices, -is (m.). 

Arbéla, Arbéla, -orum (n.); the country 
of, around Arbela, Arbélitis, -idis ( f.). 
Arcadia, Arcadia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Arcadia, Arcadian, Arcadicus, -a, 
-um, and Arcadius, -a, -um; an Arcadi- 


Apollédorus, Apollédorus, -i (m.), of or | 





4R1 
an, Arcas, -idis n.), acc. poet. -aa, ane 
-das 


Arcadius, Arcidius, -ii (m.) ; of or reating 
to Arcadius, Arcadianus, -a, -um. 

Arce, Arce, -arum (f.); oj sr belonging 
to Arce, Arcan, Arcanus, -a, -um. 

Arcesilas, Arcesilas, -# (m.). 

Arcesilaus, Arcésilaus, -i (m.). 

Archangel, Archangelodpdlis, -is, and Mi 
chaélopdlis, -is (f.). 

Arche, Arche, -és (f.). 


Archébulus, Archébilus, -i (m.); of or re 


lating to Archebulus, Archebiléus, -a, 
-um. 


Archelats, Archelais, -idis (f.). 
Archelaus, Archélaus, -i (m.). 


Archemachus, Archemiachus, -i (m.). 

Archemorus, Archémorus, -i (m.). 

Archias, Archias, - (m.); of or relating 
to Archias, Archiacus, -a, -um. 


Archibald, Archibaldus, -i (m.). 
Archidémus, Archidémus, -i (m.). 


Archigénes, Archigénes, -is (m.). 


Archiléchus, Archilochus, -i (m.); of or be- 


longing to Archilochus, Archilochius, -@, 


-um. 
Archimédes, Archimédes, -is (m.), of or 
belonging to Ar thimedes, Archimédéus, 
um. 


-a, - 
Archipelago (Grecian), Zgzeum Mare. 
Archippe, Archippe, -és (/.). 


Archippus, Archippus, -i (m.). 

Archytas, Archytas, -2 (m.). 

Ardea, Ardea, -@® (f.); of or belonging te 
Ardea, Ardeatinus, -a, -um, and Ardeas, 
-Atis ; the inhabitants of Ardea, Ardeates, 
-ium (m.). 

Ardennes (Forest of ), Arduenna (silva), -e. 

Arecomici, the, ArecOmici, -orum (m.). 

Arelate (now Arles), Arélas, -atis (f.), 
usu. Arelaté, -is (.); of or belonging 
to Arelate, Arelatensis, -e. 

Aremberg, Areburgium, -ii (”.). 

Areopagus, Aréopagus, -i (m.); of or be 
longing to the Areopagus, Areopagitic, 
Arédpagiticus, -a, -um; an Areopagite, a 
member of the Areopagus, Arédpagites, 
- (m.). 

Arestor, Arestor, -ris (m.); son or de 
scendant of Arestor, ArestOrides, -@ (m.). 

Aretho, the, Arétho, -onis (m.). 

Arethusa, Arethisa, - (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Arethusa, Arethiszus, -a, -um, 
and Arethisius, -a, -um; pecul. fem. 
Arethisis, -idis (poet.). 

Arevaci, the, Arévaci, -drum (m.). 

Arezzo, V. Arretium. 

Arganthonius, ArganthGénius, -ii (m.) , of 
or relating to Arganthonius, Argantho- 
nidcus, -a, -um. 

Argentoratum, Argentératum, -i (7.); af 
or belonging to Argentoratum, Argen- 
tdratensis, -e. 

Argiletum, Argilétum, -{ (n.); of or be 
longing to Argiletum, Argilétanus, -a, 


-um. 

Arginuse (the islands), Arginfiiss, -arum 
(f.), sc. insule. 

Argo, Argo, gen. -gis, acc. -g6 (f.); of or 
relating to the Argo, Argous, -a, -um. 
Argolis, Argdlis, -idis (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Argolis, Argolic, Argdlicus, -a, 

-um. 

Argonauts, the, Argonaute, -arum (mm. ). 

Argos, Argos (n.), indecl., and Argi, -orum 
(m.); of or belonging to Argos, Argive, 
Argéus or -gius, -a, -um, and Argivus, 
-a, -um. 

Argus, Argus, -i (m.). 

Argyle, Argathelia, -e (f.). 

Aria, Aria, -~ (f.); of or belonging 
Aria, Arlus, -a, -um; the inhabitants a, 
Aria, Arfi, -orum (m.). 

Ariadne, Ariadna, -® and -dné, -es (f> ; 
of or belonging to Ariadne, Ariadneus, 
-a, -um. 

Ariana, Ariana, -e (f.); of or belonging 
to Ariana, Ariaénus, -8, -um. 

Ariarathes, Ariarathes, -is (m.). 

Aricia, Aricia, -@ (f.); of or belonging to 
Aricia, Aricinus, -a, -um. 

Arideus, Aridsus, -i (m.). 

Arimaspi, the, Arimaspi, -orum (m.). 

Arimathéa, Arimathfa, - (f.). 

Ariminum, Ariminam, -i (.); of or be 
longing to Ariminum, Ariminensis, -€ 
the inhabitants of Ariminum, Ariminep 
ses, -ium (m.). 

Ariobarzanes, Ariobarzanes, -i8 (™. 


ARU 


frton, Arion, -dnis (m.); of or belonging 
to Arion, AriOniusg, -a, -um. 

driovistus, Ariovistus, -i (m.). 

Arisba, Arisba, -w, and -bé, -es (f.). 

Aristeus, Aristeus, -i (m.). 

Aristagoras, Aristagoras, - (m.). 

Aristander, Aristander, -dri (m.). 


ATA 


7s oe 


Arupium, Arapium, -ii (n.); of or belong- | Alarne, Atarne, -es, and -tarnéa, -@ (f.), 


ing to Arupium, Arupinus, -@, -um. 


| Arverni, Arverni, -orum (m.); of or be- 


Aristarchus, Aristarchus, -i (m.) ; of or be 
chéan, 


longing to Aristarchus, Artstar 
Aristarchéus, -a, -um. 

Aristeas, Aristeas, - (m.). 

Aristides, Aristides, -is (m.). 

Aristippus, Aristippus, -i (m.); of or be 
longing to Aristippus, Aristippean, Aris- 
tippéus, -a, -um. 

Aristius, Aristius, -ii (m.). 

Aristo, Aristo, -onis (m.); of or belonging 
to Aristo, AristOnéus, -a, -um. 

Aristobulus, Aristobilus, -i (m.). 

Aristodemus, Aristodémus, -i (m.). 

Aristogiton, Aristogito, -onis (m.). 

Aristomache, Aristomache, -es (/f.). 

Aristoménes, Aristoménes, -is (m.). 

Aristonicus, Aristonicus, -i (m.). 

Aristéphanes, Aristophanes, -is (m.) ; of or 
belonging to Aristophanes, Aristophanic, 
_Aristophanéus or -ius, -a,-um, and Aris- 
tophanicus, -a, -um (/ate). 

Aristotle, Aristotéles, -is (m.); of or be 
longing to Aristotle, Aristotelian, Aris- 
tHtéléus or -ius, -a, -um. 

Aristozénus, Aristoxénus, -i (m.) 

Aristus, Aristus, -i (m.). 

Arius, Arius, -ii (m.); of or belonging to 
Arius, Arian, Arfanus, -a, -um; the Ari- 
ans, Ariani, -orum. 

Ariusian, Ariisius, -a, -um. 

Arkansas, Arkansa, -# (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Arkansas, Arkansiensis, -e. 

Arles, v. Arelate. 

Armagh, Ardimacha, -@ (f.). 

Armenia, Arménia, -# (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Armenia, Armenian, Arménius, 
-a, -um, and Armeniacus, -a, -um. 

Arminius, Arminius, -ii (m.), v. Hermann. 

Armorica, Armorica, -w (f.), Armorican, 
Armoricus, -a, -um. 

Arna, Arna, -®# (f.); the inhabitants of 
Arna, Arnates, -ium (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Arna, Arnensis, -€. 

Arne, Arne, -es (f.). 

Arnheim, Arecanum, -i (n.). 

Arno, the, Arnus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to the Arno, Arniensis, -€. 

Arnobius, Arnobius, -ii (m.). 

Arnus, vV. Arno. 

Arpi, Arpi, -orum (m.); of or belonging 
to Arpi, Arpanus, -a, -um, and Arpinus, 
-@, -um. 

Arpinum, ee -i (n.) ; of or belong- 

Arpino, ing to Arpinum, Arpinas, 
-atis, and Arpinus, -a, -um; an t it- 
ant of Arpinum, Arpinas, -Atis (m.). 

Arran, Glota, -@ (f.). 

Arrezzo, Arrétium, -ii (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Arrezzo, Arrétinus, -a, -um. 

Arrhene, Arrhéné, -es ( f.). 

Arrhideus, Arrhideus, -i (m.). 

Arria, Arria, -® (f.). 

Arsdces, Arsices, -is, acc. -en (m.); son or 
descendant of Arsaces, Arsicides, -w 
(m.); the Arsacide, Arsacidew, -arum 
(m.); of or belonging to Arsaces, Arsa- 
cius, -a, -um. 

Arsanias, the, Arsanias, -® (m.). 

Arsir.oé, Arsindé, -es ( f.) ; of or bei mging 
to Arsinoe, Arsinoéticus, -a, -um; the 
district of Arsinoe (in Aigypt), Arsindi- 
tes nomos (m.). 

Arsippus, Arsippus, -i (m.). 

Arta, Ambracia, -e (f.); Gulf of Arta, 
Ambracius Sinus 

Arta, the, Aretho, -Onis (m.). 

Artabanus, Artabanus, -i (m.). 

Artabrum, Prom., v. Finisterre, Cape. 

Artaphernes, Artaphernes, -is (m.). 

ie (now Ardaschir), Artaxéta, -oruam 

N.). 

Artazerzes, Artaxerxes, -is (m.). 

Artemidorus, Artémidérus, -i (™.). 

Artemisia, Artemisia, -w (f.). 

Artemisium, Artemisium, -ii (n.). 

Artemo, Artémo, -dnis (m.). 

Arthur, Arthurus, -i (m.). 

Artois, province of, Atrébatensis ager or 
comitatus; people of Artois, Atrebates, 
-ium (m.): v. Atrebates. 

Arundel, Aruntina, -@ (f.). 

4runs, Aruns, -untis (m.). 





longing to the Arverni, Arvernus, -8, 


-um. 

Arzenheim, Argentaria, -# (f.). 

Asa, Asa, -& (m.). 

Asaph, Asiphus, -i (™.). 

Asburg, Asciburgium, -ii (n.). 

Ascalon (now Ascalan), Ascalo, -dnis ( f.) , 
of or belonging to Ascalon, Ascaldnius, 
-a, -um; an inhabitant of Ascalon, As 
calénita, -s (m.). 

Ascanius, Ascanius, -ii (m.). 

Asciburgium, v. Asburg. 

Asclepiades, Asclépiades, -e (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to Asclepiades, Ascleptadean, 
Asclepiadéus, -a, -um. 

Asclépiodorus, Asclepiddérus, -i (m.). 

Asclepiodétus, Asclépiddotus, -i (m.). 

Asconius, Ascénius, -ii (m.). 

Ascoli, v. Asculum, 

Ascra, Ascra, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Ascra, Ascrean, Ascreus, -a, -um. 

Asculum (now Ascolt), Ascilum or As- 
clum, -i (n.); of or belonging to Ascu- 
lum, Asculanus, -a, -um; Asculinus, -a, 
-um; Asculanensis, -e (late). 

Asdrubal, v. Hasdrubal 

Ashbel, Asbélus, -i (m.). 

Ashur, Assur, -iris (m.). 

Asia, Asia, - (f.); Asia Minor, Asia Mi- 
nor; of or belonging to Asia, Asiatic, 
Asiaticus, -a, -um, and Asianus, -a, -um; 
Asius, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., Asis, -idis (p.). 

Asine, Asine, -es (f.); of or belonging to 
Asine, Asinean, Asingus, -8, -um. 

Asinius, Asinius, -ii (m.); Asinian (of or 
belonging to the Asinia gens), Asinius, 
-A, -um. 

Asisium (now Assisi), Asisium, -ii (n.) ; in- 
habitants of Asisium, Asisinates, -ium 
(m.). 

Asiua, Asius, -ii (m.). 

Asmedéus, Asmideus, -i (m.). 

Asepus (now Asopo), the, Asopus, -1 (m.); 
of or belonging to the Asopus ( fem. adj.), 
Asopis, -idos ( f.) ; son or descendant of 
the Asopus, Asopiades, -s (m.). 

Asoph or Asow (Sea of), Palus Madtis, 
-idis (f-). 

Aspasia, Aspisia, -e (f.). 

Aspendus, Aspendus, -i ( f.) ; of or belong- 
tng to Aspendus, Aspendius, -a, -um. 
Asphaltites (lake), Asphaltites, -& (m.), and 

Asphaltites Lécus. 

Asprenas, Asprénas, -atis (m.). 

Aspro Potamo, Acheloils, -i (m.). 

Assorus (now Asoro), Assorus, -i (m.); of 
or belonging to Assorus, Assorinus, -a8, 
-um. 

Assus, Assus or Assos, -i (f.); of or be 
longing to Assus, Assius, -a, -um. 

Assyria, Assyria, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Assyria, Assyrian, Assyrius, -a, -um; 
the Assyrians, Assyrii, -orum. 

Asta, Asta, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Asta, Astensis, -e. 

Astaboras, the, Astabdras, -# (m.). 

Astacus, Astacus, -i (f.), and Astécum, -i 
(n.); of or belonging to Astacus, Asta- 
cénus, -a, -um.—2. Asticus, -i (m.); son 
or descendant of Astacus, Ast&cides, -s 
(m.). 

Astapa, Astapa, -® (f.). 

Astarte, Astarte, -es (f.). 

Asterié, Asteri#, -es, and -ria, - (f.). 

Astorga, Asturica, -w (f.). 

Astrea, Astrea, -® (f.). 

Astreus, Astreus, -i (m.). 

Astura, Astura, -# (f.). 

Asturia, Asturia, -x (/.); Asturian, Astur, 
tris, and Astyr, -¥ris, and Asturicus, -a, 
-um ; the Asturians, Astires, -um (m.). 

Asturica, v. Astorga. 

Astyages, Astyazes, -is (m.). 

Astyanaz, Astyanax, -actis (m.). 

Astynome, Astyndmé, -es (f.). 

Astypaléa, Astypalwa, - (f.); of or be 
longing to Astypalea, Astypaleensis, -e ; 
Astypal@icus, -a, -um ; and Astypalei- 
us, -a, -um ( poet.). 


| Atabyria, Atabyria, -©® (f.); Atabyrian 


(from Mount Atabyris), Atabyrius, -a, 


-um. 

Atalanta, Atalanta, -, and -lante, -es (f.) ; 
of or belonging to Atalanta, Atalantéan, 
Atalanteeus, -a, -um; son or descendant 
of Atalanta, Atalantiades, -& (m.). 


of or belonging to Atarne, Atarnites, -= 
(m. 


). 

Ataz, Atax, -acis (m.) ; of or belonging w 
Ataz (or Uic Alaz, now Aude), Atacinus, 
a, -um. 

Ateius, Ateius, -ii (m.) 

Atella, Atella, -@ (f.); of or belonging & 
Atella, Atellan, AtellAnus, a, -um, and 
Atellanius, -a, -um. 

Aternius, Aternius, -ii (m.); 
Aternius, -a, -um. 

Aternum, Aternum, -i (n.); of or lesng- 
ing to Alernum, Aternian, Aternensis, #. 

Aternus, Aternus, -i (m.). 

Ateste (now Esto), Ateste, -es (f.); of or 
belonging to Ateste, Atestinus, -a, -um. 
Athamania, Athéméania, -w (f.); the Ath 
amanians, Athamanes, -um (m.); a fe 
male of Athamania, Athaémanis, -:dis 
(f); of or belonging to Athamania, 

Athamanus, -a, -um. 

Athamas, Athamas, -antis (m.); of or be 
longing to Athamas, Athamantéus. -8, 
-um, or -ius, -a, -um; Athamanticus, -a, 
-um ; son of Athamas, Athamanuades, 
-@ (m.); daughter of Athamas, Athi 
mantis, -idis ( f.). 

Athanasius, Athanasius, -ii (m.). 

Athens, Athéne, -arum ( f.) ; of or betong 
ing to Athens, Athenzus, -a, -um, ana 
Atheniensis, -e ; the Athenians, Athnen#i, 
-orum (m.); Athenienses, -ium; and 
Atheneopolite, -arum (unws.). 

Atheneus, Athéneus, -i (m.). 

Athenats, Athénais, -idis (/.). 

Athenio, Athénio, -onis (m.). 

Athenodorus, Athenddorus, -i (m.). 

Athésis, the, Athésis, -is (m.). 

Athos (Mount), Athos, -o, and Atho, -Onu 


Alernian, 


(m.). 

Atilius, Atilius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Atilius (or the Atilia gens), Atilius, -a, 
-um, and Atilianus, -a, -um. 

Atina, Atina, -® (f.); of or belonging u 
Atina, Atinas, -atis; the inhabitants of 
Atina, Atin&tes, -ium (m.). 

Atinius, Atinius, -ii (m.); Atinian, Atini 
us, -a, -um. 

Atius, Atius, -a, -um; Attan, Atianus o 
Attianus, -a, -um. 

Atlantes, the, Atlantes, -um (m.). 

Atlantic, the, Ocean, Atlanticum Mare 
Oceanus Atlanticus. 

Atlas, Atlas, -antis (m.); of or beongina 
to Atlas, Atlanticus, -a, -um; Atlantia 
cus, -a, -um; Atlantius, -a, -um; ane 
Atlantéus or -ius, -a, -um; son or de 
ascendant of Atlas, Atlantiades, - (m.) 
daughter ur female descendant o, Atlas, 
Atlantias, -idis, and Atlantis, -idis or 
-idos (f.); the daughters of Atlas, At 
lantides, -um (f.). 

Atlantis, Atlantis, -idis (f.). 

Atraz, Atrax, -ficis, 1. (m.) a river: sprung 
from Atraz, Atracides, - (m.) ; Atracis, 
-idis (f.).—2. (f.) a city of Thessaly ; of 
or belonging to Atraz, Atracius, -a, -um 
(=Thessalian, poet.). 

Atrebates, the, Atrébates, -ium (m.); Atre 
batian, Atrébiticus, -a, -um. 

Atreus, Atreus, -éi (m.); of or belonging 
to Atreus, Atréus or Atrélus, -a, -um 
(p.); 8on or descendant of Atreas, Atrt- 
da or Atrides, -# (m.). 

Atria, Atria, -» (f.); the inhabitants of 
Atria, Atriani, -orum (m.), and Atriates, 
-um; of or belonging to Atria, Atriatl- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Atropatene, Atropaténé, -es (f.); the in 
habitants of Atropatene, Atropateni, 
-drum (m.). 

Atropos, Atrépos, -i (f.). 

Atta, Atta, -& (m.). 

Attaléa, Attaléa or -lia, - (f.); the inhab 
itants of Attalea, Attalenses, -ium (m.). 

Attalis, Attalis, -idis (f-). : 

Attalus, Attalus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging te 
Attalus, Attalicus, -a, -um. 

Attica, Attica, -e (f.); of or belonging w 
Attica, Attic, Atticus, -a, -um ; fem. ad)j., 
Atthis, -idis. 

Atticus, Atticus, -i (m.). 

Attila, Attila, - (m.). 

Altus, Attus, -i (m.). 

Aturus (now Adour), the, Atrus, -i (m.) 
of or belonging to the Aturus, Aturicus 
-a, -um. 

Atys, Atys or Attys -yos eg 


BAB 


Aude, the, V. Ataz. 

Aufidus, the, Aufidus, -i (m.). 

Augeas, Augéas, -& (m.). 

Augsburg, Augusta Vindelicorum. 

4ugst, Augusta Rauracorum. 

Augusta, Augusta, - (f.). 

Augustus, Augustus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Augustus, Augustan, Augustalis, 
-e; Augustanus, -a, -um; Augustensis, 
© (late); Augustéus, -a, -um (late); Au- 
gustianus, -a, -um ; and Augustinus, -a, 
-um. 

Augustine, Augustinus, -i (m.). 

Augustédurum, Augustodirum, -i (n.). 

Aulerci, the, Aulerci, -Grum (m.). 

Aulis, Aulis, -idis (f.). 

Aulon, Aulon, -dnis (m.). 

Aulus, Aulus, -i (m.). 

Aumarle, Albemala, -s (f.). 

Aurelianum, v. Orleans. 

durelianus, Aurélianus, -i (m.). 

Aurelius, Aurélius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Aurelius (or the Aurelia gens), 
Aurelian, Aurélius, -a, -um. 

Aurora, Aurora, -@ (f.). 

Aurunci, the, Aurunci, -6rum (m.); of or 
belonging to the Aurunci, Auruncan, 
Auruncus, -a, -um. 

Ausar, the, Ausar, -éris (m.). 

4usci, the, Ausci, -orum (%.). 

Ause, the, Alea, -@ (f.). 

Ausetani, the, Ausetani, -orum (s.)- 

Auson, Auson, -dnis (m.). 

Ausones, the, Ausdnes, -um (m.) ; poet. Au- 
sonids, -arum (m.). 

4usonia, Ausonia, -@ (f.); Ausonten, Au- 
sdnius, -a, -um; pecul. fem. Ausonis, 
-idis (p.). , 

Ausonius, Ausdnius, -ii (®.). 

Austria, Austria, -~ (f.); Austrian, Aus- 
tridcus, -a, -um. 

Autololes, the, Autdldles, -um (m.). 

Autolycus, Autdlycus, -i (m.). 

Automedon, Automédon, -ontis (™.). 

Autonoz, Autonée, -es (f.); of or relating 
to Autonoe, Autoénoeius, -a, um. , 

Autrey, Autreia, -® (f.). 

Autun, Augustodunum, -i (#.). 

Auvergne, Alvernia, -» (f.); Arverni, 
rum (n.). 

Auzimum, Auximum, -i (n.); the inhabit- 
ants of Auzimum, Auximates, -um (m.). 

Avallon, Avallo, -dnis (f.). 

Avaricum, Avaricum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Avaricum, Avari 6. 

Avelia, Abella, -® (f.). 

Avellino, Abellinum, -i (%.). 

Avenches, Aventicum, -i (n.). 

Avenio (now Avignon), Avénio, -nis ( f:) ; 
of or belonging to Avenio, Avenicus, -8, 
-um (late). 

4venticum, Aventicum, -i (m.). 

Aventine, the (Mount), Aventinus, -i 
(mons), (m.); of or belonging to the 
Aventine, Aventinus, -a, -um; Aventi- 
nensis, -e; and Aventiniensis, -e. 

Avernus, Avernus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Lake Avernus, Avernian, Aver- 
nus, -a, -um,; Avernalis, -. 

Advianus, Avianus, -i (m.). 

Avice, Avisia, -® (f.). 

Avido, Abydos, -i (f.). 

Avila, Abula, -® (f.). 

Avienus, Aviénus, -i (m.). 

Avignon, v. Avenio. 

Avington, Abonis, -is (f,). 

Avitus, Avitus, -i (m.). 

Avon, the, Anténa, -8 (m.). 

Avranches, Abrincer, -arum (f.); Abrin- 
catui, -orum (m.). 

Azion, Axion, -onis (m.). 

Azius, the, Axius, -ii (m.). 

Arminster, Axa, -@ (f.). 

Azéna, the, AxOna, -® (m.). 

Azan (Mount), Azan, -anis (m.). 

Azania, Azania, -w (f.); Azantan, Azani- 
us, -a, -um. 

Azariah, Azarias, -@ (m.). 

Azof, Sea of, Palus Mwotia, -idis (f.). 

Azotus, Azdtus, -i (f-). 

Azores, the (islands), Accipitrum Insile. 

Azura, Azura, -e (f.), and Azuritanum 
oppidam. 


Baalbek, v. Balbek 

Bab-el-Mandeb, Dére or Dire, -es (f.). 

Babylon, Babylon, -dnis (f:); the cou-ury 
714 








BAS 


around Bavylon, Babylonza, Babylonia, | 
-e (f.); Babylonian, Babyloniacus, -a, 
-um ; Babylonicus, -a, -um ; Babylonius, 
-a, um, and Babyloniensis, -e. 

Bacchis, Bacchis, -idis (m.); descendants 
of Bacchis, the Bacchi Bacchiade, 
-arum (m.); of or relating to Bacchis, 
Bacchéis, -idis ( pecul. fem.). 

Bacchus, Bacchus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Bacchus, Bacchic, Bacchéus or 
-ius, -a, -um; Bacchicus, -a, -um; and 
Bacchéiug, -a, -um. 

Bacchylides, Bacchylides, -is (m.). 

Bactra, Bactra, -drum (n.). 

Bactria, Bactria, - (f.); Bactrian, Bac- 
trianus, -a, -um; Bactrinus, -a, -um, 
and Bactrius, -a, -um. 

Bactrus (now Balk), Bactrus, -i (m.). 

Badajos, Pax Augusta, -@ (f.). 

Baden, Badena, -@, and Bada, -@ (f.). 

Batica, Betica, -e (f.); of or belonging 
to Betica, Beticus, -a, -um. 

Batis, the, Betis, -is (m.); of or belonging 
to the Batis, Beeticus, -a, -um. 

Batulo, Betilo, -dnis (f.); ee belong- 
ing to Batulo, Betulonensis, -e. 

Baturia, Beturia, -@ (f-). 

Baffo, Paphus, -i (f-). 

Bagacum, Begecaes i). 

Bagdad, Bagdatum, -i (n.), and Seleucia, 


-p (f.). 

Bagoas, Bagéas, -® (m.). 

Bagradas, t Beuees - (m.). 

Bahr-el-Kolsum, Herodpoliticus Sinus. 

Baia, Bais, -arum (f.); of or belonging 
to Baia, Baian, Baianus, -a, -um. 

Baiocasses, the, Baiocasses, -ium, and Ba- 
iocassi, -orum (m.). 

Baireuth, Baruthum, -i (n.). 

Bainbridge, Bainus Pons (m.). 

Balbek, Helidpidlis, -is (f-). 

Balbinus, Balbinus, -i (m.). 

Balbus, Balbus, -i (m.). 

Baldwin, Balduinus, -i (m.). 

Baleares, the, Baleares, -ium (f.) , of or be- 
longing to the Baleares, Balearic, Bale- 
aricus, -a, -um; Balearis, -e; the inhab- 
itants of the Baleares, Baleares, -ium (m.). 

Balk, Bactra, -orum (n.) 

Balkan (Mount), Hemus, -i (Mons), (.). 

Balthazar, Balthazar, -dris (m.), and also 
indecl. 

Baltic Sea, the, Mare Suévicum (n.); usu. 
Sinus Codanus (but thie ts prop. only 
the S.W. part). 

Bamberg, Babeberga, -® $ f.). 

Bambyce, Bambyce, -es (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Bambyce, Bambycius, -8, -um. 

Bampton, Bamptonia, -® (/f.). 

Banbury, Banburia, -s (f.). 

Bandusia, Bandusia, -@ (f-). 

Bangor, Bangorium, -ii (n.), and Banger- 
tlum, -ii (n.); of or belonging to Ban- 
gor, Bangoriensis, -e. 

Bantia (now Banza), Bantia, - (f.) ; of or 
belonging to Bantia, Bantian, Bantinus, 


-a, -um. 

Bapharus, the, Bapharus, -i (m.). 

Barabbas, Barabbas, -& (m.). 

Barbadoes, Barbata, -@ ( f.). 

Barbara, Barbara, -® (f.). 

Barbary, Barbaria, -» (f.); Africes ora 
Septentrionalis. 

Barca, Barce, -es (f.); the inhabitants of 
Barca, Barcwi, -orum (m.). 

Barcas, Barcas, -@ (m.); Barcine, of or 
descended from Barcas, Barcus, -8& 
-um; Barcinus, -a, -um. 

Barcelona, Barcino, -dnis (f.); of or be 
longing to Barcelona, Barcinonensis, -6. 

Bardesey, Adros, -i (f.); Andrium Edri. 

Bardulph, Bardulphus, -i (m.). 

Barium (now Bart), Barium, -ii (n.) ; of or 
relating to Barium, Barianus, -8, -um. 

Barnabas, Barnabas, -8 (m.). 

Barnet, Sulloniaces, -arum (f.). 

Barsabas, Barsabas, -® (m.). 

Bartholomew, Bartholomaus, -i (m.). 

Baruch, Baruch (indecl.), and Barfiichus, 
i (m.). 

Basil or Basle, Basiléa, - (f.); of or be- 
longing to Basil, Basileensis, -e; the 
canton of Basle, Pagus Basileensis. 

Basil (man’s name), Basilfus, -ii (m.). 

Basilica, Sic¥on, -6nis (f.). 

Basilides, Basilides, -# (m.). 

Basilipotamo, Eurdotas, - (m.). 

Basednia, Bassania, -e (f.); the inhabit- 
ants of Bassania, Bassanite, -arum (m.). 
























BER 


Bassus, Bassus, -i (m.). 

Bastarne, the, Bastarnss, -arum (m.). 

Bastuli, the, Bastuli, -orum (m.). 

Batavi, the, Bat&vi, -orum (m.); the cowm 
try of the Batavi, Batavia, Batavie -® 
(f.); Batavian, Batévus, -a, -um. 

Bath, Aquee Solis. 

Bathsheba, Bathsheba, -@ (f.). 

Bathyllus, Bathyllus, -i (m.). 

Bato, Bato, -bnis (m.). 

Battis, Battis, -idis (f.). 

Battus, Battus, -i (m.); son or descendan 
of Battus, Battiaddes, -e (m.). 

Baubo, Baubo, -dnis ( f-). 

Bacis, Baucis, -idis, (f.). 

Bauli, Bauli, -orum (m.). 

Bautzen, Budissa, -# (J.)- 

Bavaria, Bavaria, -© (f.); Boloaria, « 
(f.); Bavarian, Boius, -a, -um. 

Bavay, Bagacum, -i (2.). 

Bayeux, Aregenus, -arum (f.); Baloce, 
-arum (f.); of or belonging to Bayeux, 
Baiocensis, -e. 

Bayona, Abobrica, -@ (f.). 

Bayonne, Lapurdum, -i (n.); Bajona, -@ 


(f)- 

Beatrice, Beatrix, -icis (f.). 

Beauvais, Bellovacum, -i (n.); Bratuspan 
tium, -ii (n.); of or belonging to Beaw 
vais, Bellovacensis, -e. 

Bebryces, the, Bebryces, -um (m.); Bebry 
cian, Bebrycius, -a, -um; Bebrycia, Ba 
bes i (f). i 

Bebryz, Bebryx, -ycis (m.). 

Bechires, the, Rockires, -um (m.). 

Bede, Beda, - (m.). 

Bedford, Lactodirum, -i (n.). 

riacum, Bedriacum, -i (n.); of or be 

longing to Bedriacum, Bedriacensis, -e 

Beelzebub, Beelzebul, -iilis (m.), and Beel. 


gicus, -a, -um; @ 
(m.) ; Vv. foregoing. 


Belgrade, Alba Grewca, -@ (f.); Taure - 


num, -i (7.). 

Belisarius, Belisarius, -ii (m.). 

Belize, Belisium, -ii (”.). 

Belle Isle, Calonesus, -i (f.). 

Bellerophon, Bellérdphon, -ontis (m.); of 
or relating to Beller Bellérdphon- 
téus, -a, -um. 

Bellocassi, Bellocassi, -orum (m.). 

Bellona, Bellona, -@ (f.). 

Bellovaci, the, Belldvaci, -orum (m.). 

Belluno, Bellunum, -i (”.). 

Belus, Bélus, -i (m.); son or descendant 
of Belus, Belides, -@ (m.); a daughter 
or ie descendant of Belus, Belis, 
-idis (f.). 

Benacus, Lake (Lago dt Garda), Benacus, 
-i (lacus); of or relating to Benacus, Be 
nacensis, -e. 

Benaiah, Benaia, -# (m.). 

Benedict, Benedictus, -i (m.). 

Benedicta, Benedicta, -w (/.). 

Benevento, Beneventum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Benevento, Benéventanus, -@, 
-um. 

Benjamin, Benjamin, -inis (m.). 

Bengal, Bengala, -® (f.); Gangetica tel- 
lus; Bay of Bengal, Sinus Gangeticus. 

Bennet = Benedict, q. Vv. 

Berecyntus (Mount), Berécyntus, -i (%.); 
of or belonging to Berecyntus, Berecyn 
tian, Berecyntius, -a, -um; Berecyntié- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Berenice, Berenice, -es (f.); of or belong: 
ing to Berenice, Berenicéus, -a, -um. 
Bergamo, Bergomum, -i (n.); of Bergamo, 

Bergamot, Bergdmensis, -€. 


| Bergen, Berga, -® (f.). 
| Berlin, Berdlinum, -i (”.). 


Bermuda Islands, Bermids Insule (f.). 

Bern, Aretdpdlis, -is (f:); Berna, -® ( > 
of or belonging to Bern, Bernensis, €; 
canton of Bern, Pagus Bernensis. 

Bernard, Bernardus, -i (m.). 

Bernice = Berenice, q. Vv. 

Berée, Beroé, -es (f.). 

Berea, Beroea, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Berea, Bereus, -a, -um, and Bera 
ensis, -e. 

Berosus, Berdsus, { (™.). 


“<)> se 


BOL 


Berry, Bituricensis provincia (f.); an in- | 


habitant »f Berry, Biturix, -icis (m.). 

Bertha, Bertha, - (f.). 

Bertram, Bertramus, -i (m.). 

Berwick (upon Tweed), Barvicus, -i (f.). 

Bérytus (mod. Beirout), Bérytus, -i (f.); 
of or belonging to Berytus, Berytius, -a, 
-um, and Berytensis, -e. 

Besancon, Vesontio, -dnis (f.). 

Bessi, the, Bessi, -orum (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to the Bessi, Bessicus, -a, -um. 

Bethany, Bethania, -t (f.) ; the inhabitants 
of Bethany, Bethanite, -arum (m.). 

Bethlehem (indecl.) ; of or be- 
longing to Bethlehem, Bethlehemicus, 
-a, -um; an inhabitant of Bethlehem, 
Bethlehemites, - (m.); Bethlehemitis, 
-idis (f.). 

Bethphage, Bethphagé, -es (f.). 

Bethsaida, Bethsaida, -® (/f.). 

Bethulia, Bethulia, - (f-). 

Beverley, Betuaria, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Beverley, Betuariensis, -e. 

Bianor, Bianor, -dris (m.). 

Bias, Bias, -antis (m.). 

Bibracte, Bibracte, -is (7.). 

Bibraz, Bibrax, -actis (f.). 

Bilbilis, Bilbilis, -is ( f.) ; of or belonging 
to Bilbilis, Bilbilitanus, -a, -um. 

Biledulgerid, v. Beled-el-jertd. 

Binchester, Bimonium, -ii (n.), and Vinno- 
vium, -ii (n.). 

Bingen, Bingium, -ii (z.). 

Bion, Bion, -dnis (m.); of or relating to 
Bion, Bionéus, -a, -um. 

Bipontum, v. Zweybriicken. 

Bisalta, the, Bisalte, -arum (m.); the land 
of the Bisalta, Bisaltia, -» (f.). 

Biscay, Cantabria, -~ (f.); @ Biscayan, 
Cantaber, -bri (m.); Biscayan, Canta- 
bricus, -a,-um; Bay of Biscay, Oceanus 
Cantabricus. 

Bistones, the (= Thracians), Bistdnes, -um 
(m.), poet. acc. -is; Bistonian, Bistdnius, 
-a, -um; pecul. fem., Bistdnis, -idis. 

Bithynia, Bithynia, -» (f.); Bithynzan, 
Bithynius, -a, -um; Bithynicus, -a, -um ; 
and Bithynus, -a, -um; also as pecul. 

‘em., Bithynis, -Idis. 
, Bitias, - (m.). 

Bito, Biton, -dnis (m.). 

Btturiges, the, Bitiriges, -um (m.) ; of or 
belonging to the Bituriges, Bituricus, -a, 
-um; a Biturigian, Bitarix, -igia (m.). 

Black Forest, Abnoba, -@ (f.), (se. silva). 

Blackwater, the, Dabrona, -s (m.). 

Blesus, Blwsus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Bi , Blessianus, -a, -um. 

Blanche, Blanca, - (f.). 

Blanda, Blanda, -@ (f.). 

Blandeno, Blandéno, -dnis (f.). 

slasco, Blascon, -6nis (f.). 

Blemye, the, Bleémye, -arum; Blemyes, 
-um; and Blemyi, -6rum (m.). 

Blois, Blese or Bless, -arum (/f.). 

Bobbio, Bobium, -ii (7.). 

Bocchar, Bocchar, -aris (m.). 

Bocchus, Bocchus, -i (m.). 

Bodincomagum, Bodincémagum, -i (n.); 
of or belonging to Bodincomagum, Bo- 
dincomagensis, -e. 

Bodotria (Firth of Forth), Bodotria, -e 


ey: 

eee Bebe, -es (f.); of or belonging to 
Bebe, Bebean, Boebéius, -a, -um; pecul. 
fem., Bosbéis, -Idis, esp. as name of Lake 
Bebeis. 

Beotia, Bosotia, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Beotia, Beotian, Booticus, -a, -um ; 
Beeotius, -a, -um; and Bosdtus, -a, -um. 

Boéthius, Boéthius, -ii (m.). 

Boéthus, Boéthug, -i (m.). 

Bogud, Bogud, -iidis (m.). 

Bohemia, Boihemum and Boiohemum, -i 
©); of or belonging to Bohemia, Bohe- 
mffin, Boiohemicus, -a, -um, and Boio- 
hemus, -a, -um. 

Boii, the, Boii, Srum (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Boit, Boian, Boiicus, -a, -um. 

Boioriz, Boiorix, -igis (m.). 

Bola, Bola, -, and Bole, -arum (f.); of 
or belonging to Bola, Bolanus, -a, -um. 

Bolanus, Bolanus, -i (m.). 

Bolbitine, Bolbitine, -es ( f.); of or belong- 
ing to Bolbitine, Bolbitinus, -a, -um; 
the Bolbitine mouth (of the Nile), Bol- 
bitinum ostium. 

Bologna, Bononia, -@ ( f.). 

Rolsena. Vulsinii, -orum (m.); of or be- 


t 


BRI 


longing to Bolsena, Vulsiniensis, ; 
ee of Bolsena, Lacus Vulsiniensis. 

Bolton, Boltonia, -# (/.). 

Bombay, Perimuda, -#® (f.). 

Bona, Hippo, -onis, Regius (m.). 

Bonifacio (Straits of ), Fretum Taphros. 

Boniface, Bonifacius, -ii (m.). 

Bonn, Bonna, -# (/.). 

Borbetomagus, v. Worms. 

Bordeauz, Burdigala, -e (f.); of or be 
longing to Bordeaur, Burdigalensis, -e. 

Borysthenes, the, Borysthénes, -is (m.); of 
or relating to the Borysthenes, Borysthé- 
nius, -a, -um; dwellers along the Borys- 
thenes, Borysthenidew or -nite, -arum 


(m.). 

Bosporus, the, Bospodrus, -i (m.); of or re- 
lating to the Bosporus, Bospéranus, -a, 
-um; Bospdrius, -a, -um; Bospdricus, 
-a, -um; and Bosporensis, -e. 

Bostar, Bostar, -aris (m.). 

Boston, Bostonia, -& ( f.); of or belonging 
to Boston, Bostonian, Bostoniensis, -e. 
Bothnia, Bothnia, - (f.); Gulf of Both- 

nia, Sinus Bothnicus. 

Boulogne (Bononia ad mare), Gessoria- 
cum, -i (7.). 

Bouillon, Bullio, -onis (f.); of Bouillon, 
Bulloniensis, -e. 

Bourbon (Isle of ), Insula Borbonia, -@ (f.). 

Bourdag (Mount), Tmolus, -i (m.). 

Bourdeauz, v. Bordeaur. 

Bourges Bituriges, -um (m.), or Avaricum, 
i (n.). 

Boyne, the, Boandus, -i (™.). 

Brabant, Brabantia, - (f.). 

Bracara (now Braga), Bracara, -® (f.), 
of or belonging to Bracara, Bracaren- 
sis, -e. 

Bradanus, the, Bradanus, -i (m.). 

Braganza, Brigantia, -e (f.); of or be 
longing to Braganza, Brigantinus, -a, 
ant 


-um. 

Brandenburg, Brandeburgium, -{i (n.). 

Brauron, Brauron, -onis (m.). 

Brazil, Brazilia, -e (f.). 

Brecknock, Brechinia, -e (f.); Brecknock- 
shire, Brechiniensis ager. 

Breda, Breda, -& (f.). 

Breedevoort or Brevoort, Bredefortia, -e 
(f.); Brefurtium, -ii (n.). 

Bremen, Brema, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Bremen, Bremensis, -e. 

Brennus, Brennus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Brennus, Brennicus, -a, -um. 

Brenta, the, Medodcus, -i (m.), Major; 
Brentésia, -s (m.). 

Brescia, Brixia, -» (f.), of or belonging 
to Brescia, Brixianus, -a, -um. 

Breslau, Vratislavia, - (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Breslau, Vratislaviensis, -e. 

Brest, Brivates portus (m.). 

Bretagne, Armorica, -@ (f.), Britannia 
Minor: of or belonging to Bretagne, 
Britannus, -a, -um; an inhabitant of 
Bretagne, Britto, -onis (m.). 

Breuni, the, Breuni, -orum (m.). 

Brian, Brianus, -i (m.). 

Briangon, Brigantia, -@ (f.). 

Briareus, Briaréus, -60s and -ei (m.); of 
or relating to Briareus, Briaréius, -a, 
-um. 

Bridget, Brigitta, -» (f.). 

Bridlington, Brillendunum, -{ (n.). 

Brienne, Brena, -# (f.). 

Brigantes, the, Brigantes, -um (m.); of or 
belonging to the Brigantes, Briganticus, 
-a, -um. 

Brilessus, Brilessus, -i (m.). 

Brindisi, Brundisium, -ii (n.), q. v 

Brinnius, Brinnius, -ii (m.). 

Briseis, v. sq. 

Brises, Brises, -& (m.); daughter of Brises, 
Briséts, Briséis, -idos, acc. -idem and 
-ida (f.). 

Bristol, Bristolia, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Bristol, Bristoliensis, -e. 

Britain, Britannia, -s (f.); Great Britain, 
Magna Britannia; of or belonging to 
Britain, British, Britannicus, -a, -um, 
and Britannus, -a, -um; pecul. poet. 
fem., Britannis, -idis; a Briton, Britan- 
nus, -i (m.); Britto, -onis (m.), late; the 
British, Britanni, -orum (m.); the Brit- 
ish Isles, Insule Britannic; the Brit- 
ish Channel, Oceanus Britannicus; New 
Britain, Britannia Nova. 

Britomartis, Britémartis, -is (f.). 

Brizellum (now Brisello), Brixel!am, -4 


| 


| 
| 


| 


CAS 


(n.) ; of or belonging to Brizellum, Brt» 
ellanus, -a, -um. 

Brizia, v. Brescia. 

Brondolo, Brundilus, -i (m.). 

Brontes, Brontes, -@ (m.). 

Brougham, Braboniacum, -i (n.). 

Broughton, Leucopibia, -@ (f.). 

Bructeri, the, Bructéri, -orum (m.). 

bruges, Bruges, -arum (/f.). 

Brugh, Axelodunum, -i (n.), prob. 

Brundisium, Brundisium, -ii (n.); of o 
belonging to Brundisium, Brundisian, 
Brundisianugs, -a, -um; but more usu 
Brundisinus, -a, -um. 

Brundulus, v. Brondolo. 

Brundusium, v. Brundistum. 

Brunswick, Branonis Vicus, Brundpdlis, 
-is (f.) ; Brunsviga, -e (f.) ; and Brans- 
vicum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Bruns 
wick, Brunsvicensis, -e, and Brunsviger 
sis, -e. 

Brussels, Bruxell#, -arum (f.). 

Bruttium, Bruttium, -ii (n.); Bruttian, of 
Bruttium, Bruttius, -a, -um ; Bruttianus, 
-a, -um; the inhabitants of Bruttium, 
Bruttii, -orum (m.). 

Brutus, Brutus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Brutus, Brutinus, -a, -um, and Bruti- 
&nus, -a, -um. 

Bryanium, Bryaénium, -ii (n.). 

Bubassus, Bubassus, -i (f.); Bubassian, 
Bubassius, -a, -um; pecul. poet. fem., 
Bubassis, -idos. 

Bubastis, Bubastis, -is (f.) ; the district of 
Bubastis, Bibastites (nomus), -® (*.); 
of or belonging to (the goddess) Bubas 
tts, Bubastiugs, -a, -um. 

Bucephala, Bucephila, -® (f). 

Bucephalus, Bucephalus, -i (m.). 

Bucharest, Bucaresta, -@ (f.). 

Buckingham, Neomagus, - SPR 

Buda, Aquincum, -i (n.); Buda, -# (f.) 

Budweis, Budissa, - (f.). 

Buena Vista, Belvedera, -@ (f.). 

Buffalo, Urdpdlis, -is (f.). 

Buenos Ayres, Beneventam Americanun 


(n.). 

Bulgaria, Bulgaria, -@ ( F); the Bulg 
ans, Bulgari, -orum, and Bulgares, -um 
(m.). 

Bulness or Boulness, Tunnocelum, -i (m.° 

Bupalus, Bipalus, -i (m.). 

Bura, Bura, -@ (f.). 

Burdigala, v. Bordeauz. 

Burgos, Burgi, -orum (m.). 

Burgundy, Burgundia, -® (f.); the Bro 
gundians, Burgundii, -orum (m.). 

Burrampooter, the, Dyardanes, -is (m.). 

Burton, Burtonia, -@ (f.). 

Bursa, Prusa, -@ (f.). 

Bury, Buria, - (f.); Faustini villa. 

Busiris, Busiris, -is and -idis, ace. -in (m.) , 
the district of Busiris (in Algypt), Busi 
rites, - (m.), nomus. 

Butes, Bites, - (m.). 

Buthrotum (now Butrinto), Buthrétum, - 
(n.); of or belonging to Buthrotum, Bu- 
throtius, -a, -um. 

Butos, Butos, -i (f.); of or belonging tc 
Butos, Buticus, -a, -um. 

Butrinto, v. Buthrotum. 

Buzentum, Buxentum, -i (n.); of or be 
longing to Buzentum, Buxentinus, -a. 
-um, and Buxentius, -a, -um. 

Buzton, Bucostenum, -i (n.). 

Byblis, Byblis, -idis and -idos he 

Byblus, Byblos or Byblus, -i (f.). 

Byrsa, Byrsa, -®@ (f.); of or relating te 
Byrsa, Byrsicus, -a, -um. 

Byzacium, Byzacium, -ii (n.); of or relat 
ing to Byzacium, Byzacénus, -a, -am 
and Byzacius, -a, -um. = 

Byzantium, Byzantium, -ii (m.); Byzan 
tine, of or ating to Byzantium, By 
zantius, -a, -um ; and late forms, Byzan- 
tinus, -a, -um, and Byzanti&cus, -®, am 

Byzas, Byzas, -® (m.). 


Cc, 


Cabes (Gulf of), Syrtis Minor ( f-). 

Cabillonum, Cabillonum, -i (n.). 

Cabira, Cabira, -orum (n.). 

Cabiri, the, Cabiri, -orum (m.). 

Cabrera, Capraria, -@ (f,). 

Cabyle, Cabyle, -es and -yla, -© (f); in 
habitants of Cabyle, Cabyléte, -arun 


(m.). 
Cabul, Arigeum, -i (n.) 
718 


CAL 

Casus, Cacus, -i (m.). 

Cadiz, Gades, -ium ({f.). 

Cadmia, Cadmia or Cadméa, -@ (f.). 

Cadmus, Cadmus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Cadmus, Cadmean, Cadméus, -a, -um, 
and Cadméius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., 
Cadmeis, -idos; daughter or female de- 
scendant of Cadmus, Cadmeis, -idos 


(f). 

Aes the, Cadurci, -orum (m.); of or 
belonging to the Cadurci, Cadurcus, -a, 
-um, and Cadurcensis, -e, 

Cadusia, Cadisia, -w (f.); the Cadusii, 
Cadisii, -orum (m.). 

Cadwallader, Cadwalladarus, -i (m.). 

Cecilia, Cecilia, -w (f.). 

Cecilius, Cecilius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Cacilius or the Cacilia gens, Cw- 
cilianus, -a, -um, and Cecilius, -a, -um. 

Cecina, Cecina, -@ (m.); of or belonging 
to Cecina, Cecinianus, -a, -um. 

Cacuban (the district), Ceacubus ager (m.); 
Cacuban, Cxecubus, -a, -um. 

Celium or Celium, Cexlium, -ii (n.); of or 
belonging to Calium, Celinus, -a, -um. 

Calius or Celius, Cxlius or Coelius, -ii 
(m.); of or belonging to Cealius, Cezlia- 
nus, -a -um. 

Celius (Mount), Cezlius, -ii (m.); little 
Celius, Celidlus, -i (m.), and Celicilus, 
-i (m.). 

Caen, Cadomum, -i (n.) , of or belonging 
to Caen, Cadomensis, -e. 

Caneus, Ceeneus, -ei (m.). 

Cenina, Cxnina, -@ (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Cenina, Ceninensis, -e, and Cesni- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Cenis, Cxnis, -idis (f.). 

Cenys, Cenys, -yos (f.). 

Ceparius, Czparius, -ii (m.). 

Cepasius, Cxepasius, -ii (m.). 

Oapio, Cepio, -Onis (m.). 


Care (now Cer-veteri), Cre, indecl. (n.), | 


but with heterocl. gen., Cesritis, and abl., 


Ceréte, of or belonging to Care, Ce- | 


res, -étis and -itis, and Cwrétanus, -a, 
-um. 

Caer-gwent, Venta Silurum. 

Caerleon, Isca Silurum. 

Caermartien, Maridunum, -i (n.) 

Caernarvon, Segontium, -ii (n.). 

Caerrhyn, Conovium -ii (7.). 

Cesar, Cwsar, -dris (m.); of or belonging 
to Cesar, Cwsarianus, -a, -um; Cesari- 
ensis, -e; and poct., Cewssaréus, -a, -um. 

Ca@sarea, Cesaréa or -ria, -@ (f.). 

Cesaraugusta, Cwsaraugusta, -8 (f.). 

Cesario, Csario, -onis (m.). 

Casena (now Cesena), Ceeséna, - (f.), 
Cesenian, of or belonging to Casena, 
Cwsenas, -atis. 

Casius, Cessius, -ii (m.); Casian, Cesius, 
-a, -um. 

Caso, Cwxso, -onis (m.). 

Cesonius, Cxesonius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Cesonius, Cesonian, Cesonia- 
nus, -a, um, and Cesonius, -a, -um. 

Caffa, Theodosia, -w (f.); Straits of Caffa, 
Bosporus Cimmerius. 

Cagliari, Caralis, -is (f.), q. Vv. 

Cahors, Cadurcum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Cahors, Cadurcensis, -e. 

Caiaphas, Caiaphas, -s (2n.). 

Caicus, Caicus, -i (m.). 

Caieta, Caiecta, -e (f.); of or belonging to 
Cateta, Caietanus, -a, -um. 

Cain, Cain (indecl.) and Cainus, -i (m.). 

Caia, Caia, - (f.). 

Caius, Caius, -i (m.); of or belonging to 
Caius, Caianus, -a, -um. 

Caister, Venta Icenorum. 

Calabria, Calabria, - (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Calabria, Calabrian, Calaber, 
-bra, -brum; Calabricus, -a, -um. 

Calacta, Calacta, - and -te, -es (f.); of or 
belonging to Calacta, Calactinus, -a, 
-um. 

Calahorra, Calagurris, -is (f.); of or be- 
longing to Calahorra, Calagiritanus, -a, 


-um. 

Calais, Calais, -idis (m.). 

Calais, Caletum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
to Calais, Caletanus, -a, -um, and Cale- 
tensis. -e. 

Calamis, Calamis, -idis (m.). 

Calatia, Calatia, -» (f.); Calatian, of or 
belonging to Calatia, Calatinus, -a, -um. 

Calatrave, Oretum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Neer ln Oretanus, -a, -um. 

71 





CAN 
Calaurita, Calauréa, -w, and Calaurie, -» 


cabbie, Calbis, -is (m.); of or belonging to 
the Calbis, Calbiensis, -e. 

Calchas, Calchas, -antis (m.). 

Calchedon, v. Chalcedon. 

Caleb, Caleb, indecl., Calebus, -i (m.). 

Caledonia, Calédonia, -x (f.); Caledoni- 
an, Calédonius, -a, -um, avd Caledoni- 
cus, -a, -um; the Caledonians, Calédé- 
nes, -um (m.). 

Cales (now Calvi), Cales, -ium (f. pl.). 

Caléti, the, Caléti, -orum (m.). 

Caletri, Aletium, -ii (7.). 

Calidius, Calidius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Calidius, Calidianus, -a, -um. 

Calidus, Calidus, -i (m.). 

California, California, - (f.); Regio Au- 
rifera. 

Caligula, Caligila, -s& (m.). 

Cailias, Callias, - (m.). 

Callicles, Callicles, -is (m.). 

Callicrates, Callicrates, -is (m.). 

Callicratidas, Callicratidas, -2 (m.). 

Callidame, Callidime, -es (f.). 

Callides, Callides, -s (m.). 

Callidemides, Callidémides, -s (m.). 

Callimachus, Callimachus, -i (m.); of or 
belonging to Callimachus, Callimachéan, 
Callimachius, -a, -um. 

Calliope, Callidpe, -es, and poet., Callidpéa, 
-6 (f.); of or belonging to Calliope, 
Callidpéius, -a, -um. 

Callipho, Callipho, -onis and -phon, -ontis 


(m.). 
Callipolis, Callipdlis, -is ( f-). 
Callipides, Callipides, -s (m.). 
Callirrhoé, Callirrhdé, -es (f.). 
Callisthenes, Callisthénes, -is (m.). 
Callisto, Callisto, -As and -onis (f.). 
Callistratus, Callistratus, -i (m.). 
Callithera, Callithéra, -orum (n.) 
Callon, Callon, -dnis (m.). 
Calpe, Calpe, -es (f.); of or belonging w 
Calpe, Calpian, Calpétanus, -a, -um. 
Calpurnius, Calpurnius, -ii (m.); Calpur- 
nian, of or belonging to Calpurnius or 
the Calpurnia gens, Calpurnius, -a, -um, 
and Calpurnianus, -a, -um. 

Calvary (Mount), Golgotha (n., indecl.) , 
Calvaria, -@ (f.). 

Calvéna, Calvéna, -s (m.). 

Calvi, v. Cales. 

Calvina, Calvina, - (f.). 

Calvinus, Calvinus, -i (m.). 

Calvisius, Calvisius, -ii (m.); Calvisian, 
Calvisianus, -a, -um. 

Calvus, Calvus, -i (m.). 

Calijbe, Calybe, -es (f.). 

Calycadnus, Calycadnus, -i (m.). 

Calydna, Calydna, -m, and Calydne, -es 


Calydon, Cal¥don, -dnis, acc. -Onem and 
-ona (f.); of or belonging to Calydon, 
Calydonian, Calydonius, -a, -um ; pecul. 
poets fem., Calydonis, -idis. 

Calymna, Calymna, - (f.). 

Calypso, Calypso, -fs, less usw. -dnis ( f.). 

Oamaldunum, Camaldunum, -i (7.). 


Camarana, 
Canarina, } Camarina, -@ (f.). 


Cambay, Monoglossum, -i (n.). 

Cambray, Camaracum, -i (n.); of or be- 
lou. zing to Cambray, Camaracensis, -e. 

Cambunian, the (mountains), Cambuni 
Montes 

Cambyses, Cambyses, -is (m.). 

Cambridge, Cantabrigia, -@ (f.); of or be- 
longing to Cambridge, Cantabrigien- 
sis, -€. 

Cameria, Cameria, -@ (f.), and Cameri- 
um, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging to t 
Camerinus, -a, -um. 

Camerinum (now Camerino), Camerinum, 
-i(n.). 

Camertes, the, Camertes, -1um (m.); Ca- 
mertian, Camers, -ertis ; Camertinus, -a, 
-um. 

Camilla, Camilla, -@ (f.). 

Camillus, Camillus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Camillus. Camillanus, -a, -um. 

Camirus, Camirug, -i (m.). 

Camissares, Camissares, -is (m.). 

Campagna di Roma, Latium, -ii (n.), Ro- 
manus ager. 

Campania, Campania, -» (f.); of or be- 
longing to Campania, Campanian, Cam- 
panicus, -a, -um; Campanus, -a, -um. 

Cana. Cana, -® (f.). 


CArt 

Canace, Canice, -es (f.). 

Canachus, Canachus, -i (m.). 

Canada, Canada, - (f.). 

Cana, Cane, -arum (f.); of o7 belonging 
to Cane, Canaius, -a, -um. 

Canary, the (islands), Canaries, -arum (in- 
sul), (f.); Insule Fortunatz ,; of o7 
belonging to the Canaries, Canary (as 
adj.), Canarieusis, -e. 

Canistro (Cape), Canastreeum, -i (2.), ac 
promontorium. 

Candace, Candace, -es (f.). 

Candavia, Candavia, -@ (f.). 

Candia, Creta, -w (f.); v. Crete. 

Canidia, Canidia, - (f.). 

Canidius, Canidius, -ii (m.). 

Caninius, Caninius, -ii (m.); Caniniae, 
Caninianus, -a, -um. 

Canius, Canius, -ii (m.). . 

Canne, Cannes, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Canna, Cannensis, -e. 

Canninéfates, the, Canninéfates, -um (m.) ; 
of or relating to the Canninefates, Can- 
ninéfas, -atis. 

Canopus, Canopus, -i (m.), of or belong- 
ing to Canopus, Canopicus, -a, -um; 
Canopitanus, -a, -um; and poet., Cand 
péus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of Cano- 
pus, Canopit, -arum (m.). 

Canosa, v. Canusium, 

Cantabria, Cantabria, -@ (f.); the inhabit- 
ants of Cantabria, the Cantabri, Canta- 
bri, -orum (m.) ; in sing., Cantaber, -bri 
(m.); Cantabrian, of the Cantabri, Can- 
taber, -bra, -brum, but usu. Cantabricus. 
-8, -um. 

Canterbury, Cantuaria, -s (f.). 

Canthara, Canthara, -@ ( f.). 

Cantharus, Cantharus, -i (m.). 

Cantium, v. Kent. 

Cantius, Cantius -ii (m.). 

Canuleius, Caniléius, -i (m.); Canuletan 
Canuleius, -a, -um. 

Canus, Canus, -i (m.). 

Canusium (now Canosa), Canusium, -i¢ 
(n.); of or belonging to Canusium, Ca- 
nusian, Caniisinus, -a, -um, and Canu 

Pescatsreict -8, -um. 

nute a - 

Canute 8, } canutius, -li (m.). 

Capaneus, Capaneus, -€i, ace. -ea, voc. eu 
(m.); of or belonging to Capaneus, Ca- 
panéius, -a, -um, and Capanéus, -a, -um 

Cape Baba, Lectum, -i (”.), promontori 
um. 

Cape Blanco, Album promontorium. 

Cape Beo, Lilybeum, -i (n.), promonto 


rium. 

Cape Bruzzano, Zephyrium, -i (7.), pro 
montorium, 

Cape Comorin, Comaria, -w (f.). 

Cape Colonna, Columnarum Caput, Cape 
delle Colonne, Lacinium, -ii (”.), pro 
montorium. 

Cape Colonni, Sunium, -ii (n.), promon 
torium. 

Cape Crio (in Crete), Criumétépon, -i (n.). 

Cape Ducato, Leucates, - (m.). 

Cape Espartel, Ampelisia, -® (f.). 

Cape Faro, Pelorus, -i (m.). 

Cape Finisterre, Artabrum, -i (”.), pro 
montorium. 

Cape Gardafui, Aromata (”.), promon 
torium. 

Cape Horn, Hornanum or Horniense, 
promontorium. 

Cape of Good Hope, Promontorium Bons 
Spei. 

Cape Matapan, Tenarum, -i (n.), and Te- 
narus, -i (m.). . 

Cape Miseno, Misenum, -i (n.), promon 
torium. 

Cape North, Boreale Caput. 

Cape d’Oro, Caphareus, -ei (.,. 

Cape Passaro, Pachynum, -i (n.), promon 
torium. 

Cape Romania, Magnum promontorium. 

Cape Skyllo, Scylwum, -i (n.), promonto 
rium. 

Cape Spartivento, Herculis promontori 
um. 

Cape St. Angelo, Malea, -@ (/f.). 

Cape St. Maria, Cuneum, -i (n.), promon 
torium. 

Cape St. Vincent, Sacrum promontorium 

Cape Trafalgar, Junonis promontorium. 

Cape Trapant, Drepanum promontorium 

Verd, Arsenarium promontorium 
Caput Viride. 


catia i i nt 


7 Pee ave 


CAR 
Cape Zonchio, Coryphasium promontori- 


um. 
Capella, Capella, - (m.). 


Capena, Capéna, - (f.); of or belonging | 


to Capena, Capenian, Capénas, -atis; 
Eszenate, -e; and voet., Capénus, -a, 


Conwanum, Capharnaum, -i (n.); of or 
belonging to Cavernaum, Capharnmjus, 
-a, “um. 

Capetus, Capétus, -i (m.). 

hareus, Caphareus, -ei, a me voc, = 
(m.); of or belonging to Caphareus, Ca- 
pharéue, -a, -um; poet. fem., Caph&ris, 
“i 

Capissa, Capissa, -e (f.); the country 
around Capissa, Capissene, -es (f.). 

itium, Capitium, -ii (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Capitium, Capitinus, -a, -um. 

Capito, Capito, -dnis (m.). 

Capitol, the, Capitolium, -ii (n.) ; of or be- 
longing to the Capitol, Capitoline, Capi- 
tolinus, -a, -um. 

Capitulum, Capitulum, -i (n.); the people 
of Capitulum, Capitilenses, -ium (m.). 

Capo d’ Oro, Caphareus, q. v. 

Cappadocia, Cappadocia, -w (f.); Cappa- 
docian, Cappadocius, -a, -um; Cappa- 
docus, -a,-um; and Cappadocicus, -a, 
-um ; an inhabitant of Cappadocia, Cap- 
padox, -Ocis (m.); the Cappadocians, 
Cappadoces, -um (m.). 

Capra, Capra, -# (m.). 

Capraria, Capraria, -e (f.); of or belong- 
ang to Capraria, Caprarienais, e. 

Caprea (now Capri), Capres, -arum (f.); 
of or belonging to Capree, Capréen- 


sis, -e. 

Caprius, Caprius, -ii (m.). 

Capsa, Capsa, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Capsa, Capsensis, -e ; the inhabitants of 
Capsa, Capsenses, -ium. 

Capua, Capua, - (f.); of or rip ted to 
Capua, Capuan, Capuensis, -e; 
i of Capua, Capuenses, am 

mn 

7 ene Capys, -yos (m.). 

Caracalla, Caracalla, - (m.). 

Caractacus or Caradoe, Caractacus, -i (m.). 

Caralis, Caralis, -is ( f.); of or belonging 
to Caralis, Caralitanus, -a, -um. 

Carambis, Carambis, -is (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Carambis, Carambicus, -8, -um. 

Carana, Carana, -orum (n.); of or be 
longing to Carana, Caranitis, pecul. fem. 

Caranus, Caranus, -i (m.). 

Carasu, the, Cydnus, -i (m.). 

Carausius, Carausius, -ii (m.). 

Carbania, Carbania, -@ (f.). 

Carbo, Carbo, -onis (m.); of or belonging 
to Carbo, Carbonianus, -a, -um. 

Carcassone, Carcaso, -onis (f.). 

Carcine, Carcine, -es (f:); Gulf of Car- 
cine, Sinus Carcinites. 

Car dia, Cardia, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Cardia, Cardianug, -a, -um. 

Cardigan, Ceretica, -® (f.). 

Carduchi, the, Cardiichi, -orum (m.). 

Caresa, Carésa, - -® (f.). 

Caresus, Carésus, -i (m.). 

Caria, Caria, -® (f.); Carian, Sinbad 
-a, -um; a Carian, Car, -dris (m.) ; 
Carians, Cares, -um 

Carina, Carina, -@ (f.). 

Carinas, Carinas, -atis (m.). 

Carinola, Calenum, -i (n.). 

Carinthia, Carinthia, -@ (f.). 

Carlisle, Carleolum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Carlisle, Carliolensis, -e. 

Carlsruhe, Caroli Hesychium, -i (n.). 

Carmania, Carmania, -@ (f.); the inhabit- 
ants of Carmania, Carmani, -orum 


(m.). 

Carmel (Mount), Carmélus, -i (m.); also 
Carmel, zndecl. (m.) ; of or belonging to 
Carmel, Carmelius, -a, -um ; an inhabit- 
ant of Mount Carmel, a Carmelite, Car- 
melites, - (m.) ; Carmelitis, -idis (f.). 

Carmenta, Carmenta, -2, and Carmentis, 
-is (f.); of or belonging to Carmenta, 
Carmentialis, -e. 

Carmona, Carmo, -onis, and Carmona, -® 
(ff; the inhabitants of Carmona, Car- 
monenses, -ium (m.). 

Carnac, Thebes, -arum ( Sf). 

Carnarvon, Segontium, -ii (n.). 

Jarneades Carnéades, -is (m.) ; 
longing to Carneades, Carne 
45K 


or be- | 


déus, -«, | 


CAS8 


Carni, the, Carni, -orum (m.); of or be- 

longing to the Carni, Carnicus, -a, -um. 

| Carnuntum, Carnuntum, -i (n.), and Car- 
nus, -untis (f.). 

Carnites, the, Carniites, -um (m.). 

Carolina, Cardlina, -# (/f.). 

Caroline, Carolina, -# (Ff). 

Carpathus, Carpathus, -i (f.); of or be- 
longing to Carpathus, Carpathius, -a, 
-um; the Carpathian Sea, Mare or Pele. 
gus Carpathium. 

Carpentras, Carpentoracte, -es (f.). 

Carpetania, Carpetania, -e (f.); Carpe 
tanian, Carpétanus, -a,-um; the Carpe- 
tanians, Carpésii,-orum, and Carpetanl, 
-orum. 

Carre, Carre or Carrhs, -arum (/.). 

Carseoli (now Carsoli), Carsédli, -orum 
(m.); of or belonging to Carseoli, Car- 
sedlinus, -a, -um. 

Carsule, Carsulw, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Carsule, Carsulan, Carsula- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Carteia, Carteia, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Carteia, Carteianus, -8, -um, and Car- 
teiensis, -e. 

Carthea, Carthea, -@ (f.); of or ene: 
ing to Carthea, Carthasus, -a, -um, and 
Cartheius, -a, -um. 

Carthage, Carthago, -inis (f.); of or be- 
longing to Carthage, Carthaginian, Car- 

iensis, -e, and Punicus, -a, -um; 
New Carthage, Carthago Nova. 
Carthagena, Carthago Nova. 

Cartismandua, Cartismandua, -@ (f.). 

Carus, Carus, -i (m.). 

Carusa, Cariisa,-e(f.). ~ 

Carventum, Carventum, -i (n.); of or be- 
enans: to Carventum, Carventanus, “8, 


Carvilius, Carvilius, -ii (m); of or belong- 


ing to Carvilius or the Carvilia gens, 
Carvilius, -a, -um, end Carviliainus, -a, 
-um. 


Carya, Carye, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Carye, Caryan, Caryus, -8, -um; 
pecul, fem., Caryatis, -idis; the inhabit- 
ants 0, Carya, Caryates, ium (m.). 

Caryanda, Caryanda, -® (/.). 

Carystus, Carystus or -tos, -i (f.); of or 
belonging to Carystus, Carystian, Ca- 
rystius, -a, -um; and poet. only, Carys- 
téus, -a, -um. 

Casal, Bodincomagum or -conigum, -i (n.). 

Casca, Casca, -# (m.). 

Cascellius, Cascellius, -ii (m.). 

Cashel, Casella, - (f.); Cassilia, -e (f.). 

Casilinum, Casilinum, -i (n.); of or Bs 
longing to Castlinum, Casilinus, -a, um. 

Casinum, Casinum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Casinum, Casinus, -8, -um, and 
Casinas, -atis. 

Casius (Mount), Casius, -ii (m.). 

Casus, Casus, -i (f.). 

Casperia, Caspéria, -# (f.). 

Caspian Sea, the, Caspium Mare ; the Cas- 
pti, dwellers on the Caspian, Caspii, 
-orum, and Caspiani, -orum (m.); Cas- 
pian, Caspius, -a, -um, and Caspidcus, 
“a, -um. 

Cassander, Cassander, -dri Ss 

Cassandra, Cassandra, -® (f. 

Cassandrea, Cassandréa, -@ } ) ; of or be- 
longing to Cassandrea, Cassandrean, 
Cassandrensis, -e. 

Cassano, Cosa, -® (f.). 

Cassel (in Hesse), Castellum Cattorum. 

Cassia, Cassia, -@ (f.). 

Cassiodorus, Cassiddorus, -i (m.). 

Cassiope, Cassidpe, -es, and Cassidpéa, -®, 
and Cassiépéa, -@ (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Casstope, Cassidpicus, -a, -um. 

Cassiterides, v. Scilly Islands, 

Cassius, Cassius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Cassius, Cassian, Cassius, -a, -um, 
and Cassianus, -a, -um. 

Cassivelaunus, Cassivelaunus, -i (m.). 

Castabala, Castabala, -orum (n.); the in- 
habitants of Castabala, Castabalenses, 
-ium. 

Castalia, Castalia, - (f.); Castalian, of 
or belonging to Castalia, Castalius, -a, 
-um; pecul. fem., Castalis, -idis. 

Caster, Durobrive, -arum ( Sf), or Venta 

| Icenorum. 

Castile, Castilia, - (f.). 

Castor, Castor, -dris (m.) ; of or belonging | 
to Castor, Castdreus, -a, -um. 
Castoria, Celetrum, -i (n.). 





CEL 

Castri, v. Delphi. 

Castricius, Castricius, -ii (m.) ; Castricvan 
of or relating to Castricius, Castriciua 
-@, -um, and Castricianus, -a, -um. 

Castronius, Castronius, -ii, (m.). 

Castulo, Castilo, -onis (f.) ; of or belong 
tng to Castulo, Castilonensis, -e; the 
: itants of Castulo, Castulonenses, 
-jum (m.). 

Catabani, Catabani, -orum, and Catuba 
nes, -um (m.). 

Catabathmus, Catabathmus, -i (m.). 

Catadupa, Catadipa, -orum (.); the 
dwellers around Catadupa, Catadipi 
-orum (m.). 

Catalonia, Catalaunia, -@ (f.). 

Catalauni, Catalauni, -orum (m.); of or 
belonging to the Catalauni, Catalauni- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Catania, Catana or Catina, -# (f.), v. Ce 
tina. 

Cataonia, Catadnia, -wz (f.), the people of 
Cataonia, Catadnes, -um (m.). 

Catharine, Catharina, -wz (/f.). 

Catienus, Catiénus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
to Catienus, Catienus, -a, -um. 

Catiline, Catilina, -z (m.); of or belong 
ing to Catiline, Catilinarius, -a, -um. 

Catilius, Catilius, -ii (m.). 

Catillus, Catillus, -i (m.). 

Catina, Catina, -@ (f.); of or helonging 
to Catina, Catimensis, -€; less usu., Ca 
tiniensis, -e. 

Catius, Catius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Catius, Catianus, -a, -um. 

Cato, Cato, -dnis (m.); of or belonging te 
Cato, Catoninus, -a, -um, and Catonia- 
nus, -8, -um. 

Cattt, the, Catti, -orum (m.); of or belong 
ing to the Catti, Catticus, -a, -um. 

Catitwyck, Cattorum vicus. 

Catullus, Catullus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Catullus, Catullianus, -a, -um. 

Catilus, Catiilus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Catulus, Catulianus, -a, -um. 

Caturiges, the, Caturiges, -um (m.). 

Catus, Catus, -i (m.). 

Caucasus (Mount), Caucasus, -i (#2.), of 
or belonging to Caucasus, Caucasian. 
Caucasius, -a, -um; the Caucasian pase 
or defiles, Caucasiee porte. 

Cauci, the, v. Chauci. 

Caudez, Caudex, -icis (m.). 

Caudium, Caudium, -ii (x.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Caudium, Caudine, Caudinus, -a, 
-um ; the Caudine defile, Furce Caudi- 


ne. 

Caulares, Caulares, -is (m.). 

Caulon, Caulon, -dnis (m.), and Caulénia, 
- (f). 

Caunus, Caunus, -i ( f.); of or belonging 
to Caunus, Caunian, Caunius, -a, -um; 
pecul. masc. adj., Caunites, -& 

Cavaillon, Caballio, -onis (f.). 

Cavii, the, Cavii, -orum (m.). 

Caister, the, Caystros or -trus, -i (m.); of 
or belonging to the Caister, Caystrius, 


-a, -um. 

Cazlona, Castilo, -onis ( f.). 

Cea, 2 Céa, -®& (f.), and Ceos, -i, acc. Ceo, 

Ccos, ; and abl. Ceo (f.); of or belong: 
ing to Ceos, Céus, -a, -um. 

Cebenna, v. Cevennes. 

Cebren, Cebren, -6nis (m.); daughter o 
Semale descendant of Cebren, Cebrénis, 
-idis (f.). 

Cecil, Cecilius, -ii (m.). 

Cecrops, Cecrops, -dpis (m.) ; of or belong: 
ing to Cecrops, Cecropian, Cecropius, 
-a, -um; son or descendant of Cecrops, 
Cecropides, -@ (m.); daughter or fe- 
male descendant of Cecrops, Cecropis, 
-idis (f.); land of Cecrops, Cecrdpia, -® 


~): 

Cedrosi, the, Cedrési, -orum (m.); country 
of the Cedrosi, Cedrésis, -idis Cf). 

Cefali, Cephaloadis, -idis (f-), or Cepha 
leedium, -ii (n.), v. Cephalaedis. 

Cefalonia, Cephallenia, -@ (f.), 4. ¥ 

Celado, the, Celadus, -i (m.). 

Celadon, Celadon, -ontis (m.). 

Celene, Celene, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Celene, Celeneus, -a, -um. 

Celeno, Celeno, -fis (f.). 

Celendris (now Cottey), Celendéris o 
-dris, -is (f.); the region of Celendris 
Celenderitis regio. 

Celenna, Celenna, -# (/.). 


| Celer, Celer, -eris (m.). 


T17 


CES 

Celetrum, Celetrum, -i (”.) 

Ocleus, Celéus, -éi (m.). 

Celindro, v. Celendris. 

Cella, Cella, -z (m.). 

Celsu, Celsa, -w (f.); the inhabitants of 
Celsa, Celsenses, -ium (m.). 

Celsus, Celsus, -i (m.). 

Celta, Celtw, -arum (m.); of or be- 

Celts, the, } longing to the Celts, Celtic, 
Celticus, -a, -um; in Celtic, Celtice 
(adv.) ; the land of the Celts, Celtica, -® 


(f.). 

PE ees Celtibéria, -w (f.); a Celtiberi- 
an, Celtiber, -béri (m.) ; the Celtiberians, 
Celtibéri, -orum; Celtiberian, Celtiber, 
-béra, -bérum ; eltibéricus, -a, -um. 

Ceneum, Cenwum, «i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Ceneum, Ceneus, -a, -um. 

C@enchree, Cenchrésw, -arum (f.); of or 
belonging to Cenchree, Cenchresus, -A, 
-um; and pecul. fem., Cenchréis, -idis. 

Cenchrius, Cenchriug, -ii (m.). 

Cenomani, the, Céndmani, -orum (m.). 

Censennia, Censennia, -@ (f.). 

Censorinus, Censdrinus, -i (m.). 

Centenius, Centénivs, -ii (m.). 

Cento, Cento, -6nis (m.). 

Centobrica, Centobrica, -» (f.); the in- 
habitants of Centobrica, Centobricenses, 
-ium (m.). 

Centorbi, v. Centuripa. 

Centrones, the, Centrénes, -um (m.) ; of or 
belonging to the Centrones, Centréni- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Centwmalus, Centumalus, -i (m.). 

Centum Cella (now Civita Vecchia), Cen- 
tum Cella, -arum (f.). 

Centiripa (now Centorbi), Centiripa, 
-orum (n.); of or belonging to Centuri- 
pa, Centuripinus, -a, -um. 

Ceos, v. Cea. 

sox erate Cephilénia, -~ (f.), the in- 

itants of Cephalenia, Cephalénes, 
-um, and Cephalenite, -arum (m.). 

Cephalio, Cephalio, -onis (m.). 

Cephaledis (now Cefali), Cephalosdie, 
dis (f.), and Cephalosdium, -ii (n.); 
of or belonging to Cephaledis, Cepha- 
loeditanus, -a, -um. 

Cephalus, Cephalus, -i (m.). 

Cephenes, the, Cephénes, -um (m.). 

Cepheus, Cepheus, -ei (m.); of or de 
scended from Cepheus, Cephéius, -a, 
-um, and Cephéus, -a, -um; daughter 
or female descendant of Cepheus, Cephé- 
is, -Idis. 

Cephisodorus, Cephisddorus, -i (m.). 

Cephisédétus, Cephisddotus, -i (m.). 

Cephisus, the, Ni ets -i(m.); of or be- 

Cephisso, longing to the Cephisus, 
Cephisius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Cephi- 
sis, -idis, and Cephisias, -adis. 

Cerambus, Cerambus, -i (m.). 

Ceramicus, Ceramicus, -i (m.). 

Céramus, Cérimbs, -i (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Ceramus, Céramicus, -a, -um. 

Cerasta, the, Cerastw, -arum (m.); of or 
Aes to the Cerasta, Cerastis, -idis 

SS, 

Cerasus, Cerasus, -untis (f.). 

Ceraunian (mountains), the, Ceraunia, 
-orum (n.); Ceraunian, Ceraunius, -a, 
-um, 

Ceraunus, Ceraunus, -i (m.). 

Cerberus, Cerberus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Cerberus, Cerbereus, -a, -um. 

Cercasorum, Cercasorum, -i (n.). 

Cercetius (Mount), Cercetius, -ii (m.), 
Mons. 

Cercina, Cercina, -@ (f.); the inhabitants 
of Cercina, Cercinitani, -orum (m.). 

Cercinium, Cercinium, -ii (n.). 

Cercopes, the, Cercopes, -uim (m.). 

Cercyon, Cercyon, -dnis (m.); of or be- 
longing to Cercyon, Cercyéneus, -8, 


-um. 

Ceres, Céres, -éris ( f.) ; of or belonging to 
Ceres, Cere§lis, -e. 

Cerigo, Cythera, -orum (n.), q- Vv. 

Cerinthus, Cerinthus, -i (m.). 

Cermorum, Cermorum, -i (n.). 

Ceron, Ceron, -onis (m.). 

Certima, Urrtima, -# (f.). 

Cervetere, Cre (indecl.), (n.), q. V. and 
Agylla, - (f.). 

Cervara, Cervaria, -@ (f.). 

Cesena, Ceséna, - (f.). 

Cestius, Cestius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Cestius, Cestianus, -a, -um 

718 





CHA 


Cestria, Cestria, -@ (f.); the inhabitants 
of Cestria, Cestrini, -orum (m.). 

Cetaria, Cetaria, -~ (f.); the inhabitants 
of Cetaria, Cetarini, -orum (m.). 

Cethegus, Céthégus, -i (m.). 

Ceto, Céto, -fis (f.). 

Ceuta, Ceutria, - (f.); Abyla, -e (f.). 

Ceutrones, the, Ceutrones -um (m.). 

Ceva, Céba, -@ (f.); of or belonging to 
Ceva, Cebanus, -a, -um. 

Cevennes (mountains), Cebenna, Cevenna, 
and Gebenna, -m (m.); of or belonging 
to the Cevennes, Cebennicus, -a, -um. 

Ceylon, Taprobana, -® (/f.). 

Ceyz, Céyx, -ycis (m.). 

Chabrias, Chabrias, -® (m.) 

Cherea, Cherea, -® (m.). 

Chereas, Cheréas, - (m.). 


Oherestratus, Cherestratus, -i (.). 


Cherippus, Cheerippus, -i (m.). 


Cheronéa, Cheronéa, -@ (f.); of or be- 


longing to Cheronea, Cheeronensis, -e. 
Chalcedon, Chalcédon and Calchédon, 
-onis (f.); of or belonging to Chalce- 
don, Chalcedonian, Chalcédénius, -a, 


-um. 
Chalciope, Chalcidpe, -es (f.). 
Chalcis, Chalcis, -idie (f.); of or belong- 


ing to Chalcis, Chaletdian, Chalcidicus, 
-a, -um; Chalcidensis, -e; and Chalci- 
dicensis, -e. 

Chaldeans, the, Chaldwi, -orum (m.); 
Chaldean, Chaldzus, -a, -um, and Chal- 
daicus, -a, -um. 

Chalonitis, Chalonitis, -idis (f.); the in- 
habitants of Chalonitis, Chalonite, 
-arum (#.).~ 

Chdlons, Catalaunum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Chdlons, Catalaunensis, -e. 
—2. (sur Saone) Cabillonum, -i (n.) ; of 
or belonging to Chdlons, Cabillonen- 
sis, -e. 

Chalybes, the, Chalybes, -um (m.). 

Chalybs, the, Chialybs, -ybis (m.). 

Cham (usu. Ham), Cham (m., indecl.). 

Chambery, Camberiacum, -i, and Cambe- 
rium, -i (n.); of or belonging to Cham- 
bery, Camberiacensig, -e, and Camberi- 
ensis, -e. 

Chamavi, the, Chamavi, -orum coh 

Champagne, Campania Franco-Gallica, 


-@ (f.). 

Chanaan, erase and Chanan (f., in- 

Canaan, deci.); of or belonging to 
Canaan, Chananeus, -a, -um; pecul. 
fem., Chananitis, -idis; the Canaanites, 
Chananei, -orum (m.). 

Chaon, Chaon, -dnis (.). 

Chaénia, Chadnia, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Chaonia, Chaontan, Chadnius, 
-a, -um; pecul. fem., Chadnis, -idis; the 
Chaonians, Chadnes, -um (m.). 

Charadrus, Charadrus, -i (m.). 

Charaz, Charax, -acis (f.); the inhabit- 
ants of Charaz, Characéni, -orum (m.) ; 
the territory of Charaz, Characéne, -€8 


Charazus, Charaxus, -i (m.). 
Charente, the, Caranténus, -i (m.). 
Charenton, Charentonium, -ii (.) 
Chares, Chares, -etis (m.). 
Chariclo, Chariclo, -fis (f.). 
Charidemus, Charidémus, -i (m.). 
Charistus, Charisius, -ii (m.). 
Charity, Charitas, -atis (f-). 
Charles, Carolus, -i (m.). 
Charleston, to suns -is. (f.); of or 
Charlestown, belonging to Charleston, 
Carolopolitanus, -a, -um. 
Charlotte, Caroletta, -# (f). 
Charlotteville, Carolettdpdlis; of or be 
longing to Charlotteville, Carolettopoli- 
tanus, -a, -um. 
Charmidas, Charmidas, - (m.). 
Charmis, Charmis, -is (m.) 
Charon, Charon, -ontis (m.); of or be- 
longing to Charon, Charonéus, -€, -um. 
Charondas, Charondas, -® (m.). 
Charopus, Charopus, -i (m.). 
Chartreuse (the great), Carthusia, - (f.), 


Magna. 
Charybdis, Charybdis, -is (f.), acc. -in or 


-im. 

Chasuari, the, Chasuari, -orum (m.). 

Chatillon, Castellio, -onis (f.). 

Chatti, the, v. Cattt. 

Chauci, the, Chauci or Cauci, -orum (m.); 
of or belonging to the Chauci, Chauei- 
an, Chaucius, -a&, -um. 





cim 


Chaus, the, Chaus, «i (m.). 

Chelidon, Chelidon, -onis ( f.). 

Chelidonium, Chélidonium, -ii (n 5. 

Chelmsford, Cesaromagus, -i (J.)- 

Chelonatas, Chélonatas and Chélonites 
- (m.). 

Chemnitz, Chemnitium, -i: (z.). 

Cherbourg, Cxsaris Burgus, -i, or Care 
burgus, -i (m.). 

Cherronesus, Cherrénésus or Chersdné 
sus, -i (f.); inhabitants of the Cherro 
nesus, Cherronenses, -ium (m.); of o# 
belonging to the Cherronesus, Cherro 
nensis, -e, or Chersonensis, -e (esp. af 
the Thracian Chersonesus). 

Chersidamas, Chersidamas, -antis (m.). 

Chersiphron, Chersiphron, -dnis (m.). 

Cherso, v. Absyrtides. 

Chersonesus, v. Cherrunesus. 

Cherusci, the, Cherusci, -orum (m.) 


Chesippus, Chésippus, -i (m.). 


Chester, Cestria, - (f.); Deva, -@ (ft), 
Cheshire, Cestriensis Comitatus. 

Chiana, the, Clanis, -is (m.). 

Chilo, Chilo or Chilon, -dnis (m.). 

Chichester, Cicestria, -« (f.). 
Chimera, Chimera, -® (f.); of or belong: 
ing to Chimera, Chimeréus, -8, -um. 
China, Sinarum regnum; the Chinese, 
Sine, -arum (m.); of or belonging te 
China, Chinese, Sinensis, -e. 

Chione, Chione, -es (f.); son of Chione, 
Chionides, -s (m.). 

Chios, Chios and Chius, -ii (f.); of or be 
longing to Chios, Chian, Chius, -a, -um. 

Chiron, Chiron, -dnis (m.); of or belong: 
ing to Chiron, Chironicus, -8, -um, and 
Chironius, -a, -um. 

Chitro, Citrum, -i (7.). 

Chiusi, Clusium, -ii (7.). 

Chloe, Chloé, -es (f.). 

Chloreus, Chioreus, -éi and -eos (m.). 

Chloris, Chloris, -idis (f-). 

Chlorus, Chiorus, -i (m.). 

Choaspes, the, Choaspes, -is (m.). 
Cherilus, Chosrilus, -i (m.); of or belong 
ing to Cherilus, Choerilius, -a, -um. 
Chorasmii, the, Chorasmii, -orum (m.) 

of or belonging to the Chorasmii, Cho 
rasmian, Chorasmius, -a, -um. 
Chremes, Chrémes, -étis, acc. -eta (m.). 
CupristT, CHRISTUS, -i (m.). 
Christiana, Christiana, -# (f.). 
Christopher, Christophorus, -i (m.). 
Chromis, Chromis, -1s (m.). 
Chrysa, Chrysa, -#, and Chryse, -e8 (fp 
Chrysdalus, Chrysilus, -i (m.). 
Chrysaor, Chrysaor, -6ris (m.). 
Chrysas, Chrysas, - (m.). 
Chryses, Chryses, -@ (m.); daughter a) 
Chryses, Chryséis, -idis (f.). 
Chrysippus, Chrysippus, -i (m.); of or be 
longing to Chrysippus, Chrysippeus, -&, 


-um, 

Chrysis, Chrysis, -idis (f-). 

Chrysogonus, Chrységonus, -i (m.). 

Chrysopolis, Chrysopilis, -is (f-). 

Chrysorrhoas, the, Chrysorrhoas, -2> (™.) 

Chrysostom, Chrysostomus, -i (™.). 

Chthonius, Chthonius, -ii (m.). 

Chunni, v. Huns. 

Chusistan, Susiana, -@ (f.). 

Cibyra, Cibyra, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Cibyra, Cibyraticus, -a, -um: the in- 
habitants of Cibyra, Cibyrate, -arum 


(m.). ras 

Cicely, Cecilia, -@ (f.). 

Cicereius, Cicéreius, -ii (m.). 

Cicero, Cicéro, -dnis (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Cicero, Ciceronian, Ciceronianus, -a@ 


-um, 

Cicestria, v. Chichester. 

Cicirrus, Cicirrus, -i (m.) 

Cicones, the, Cicdnes, -um (m.). 

Cicuta, Cicita, -# (m.). 

Cilicia, Cilicia, -® (f:); of or belongt 
to Cilicia, Cilician, Cilix, -icis; p 
poet. fem., Cilissa, -2 ; Ciliciensis, ©, 
and Cilicius, -a, -um; a Cilician, 

-icis (m. and f.). 

Ciliz, Cilix, -icis (m.). 

Cilla, Cilla, -@ (f-). 

Cilnius, Cilnius, -ii (m.). 

Cilo, Cilo, -dnis (m.). 

Cimbri, the, Cimbri, -orum (m.); of or be 

longing to the Cimbri, Cimbrian, Cim 

ber, -bra, -brum, and Cimbrieus, -@ 


-um. 
Cimetra, Cimetra, -@# (f.). 


CLI 


Cisminus, Ciminus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
tng to Ciminus, Petia A Ciminius, -a, 


-um. 

Cimmerians, the, Cimmerii, -orum (m.); 
of or velonging to the Cimmerians, Cim- 
mérius, -a, -um. 

Cimolus, Cimdlus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Cimolus, Cimolian, Cimolius, -a, 
-um. 

Cimon, Cimon, -dnis (m.). 

Cinara, Cinara, -# (/f.). 

Cincinnati, Cincinnatopodilis, -is (/-). 

Cincinnatus, Cincinnatus, -i (m.). 

Cinciolus, Cinciolus, -i (m.). 

Oincius, Cincius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Cincius, Cincian, Cincius, -a, -um. 

Cineas, Cineas, -w (m.). 

Cinethii, 5 aaleedand ie Ga 

Cingetoriz, Cingetdrix, -igis (m.). 

Cingilia, Cingilia, -w (f.). 

Cingulum, Cingulum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Cingulum, Cingulanus, -a, 
um 


Cinna, Cinna, -® (m.); of or belonging to 
Cinna, Cinnanus, -a, -um. 

Cinyps, the, Cinyps, -ypis or -¥phis (m.); 
of or belonging to the Cinyps, Cinyphi- 
us, -a, -um. 

Cinyras, Cinyras, -~ (m.); of or belong- 
tng to Cinyras, Cinyr#us, -a, -um, and 
Cinyreius, -a, -um. 

Circassia, Cercetia, -e (f.); the Circas- 

Pong é Cercetx, ae slain 
irce, Circe, -es (f.); of or Zo 
Circe, Circean, Circus, -a, -um. 

Circeti, hai -orum (m.); of or be- 

Circelilo, longing to Circeii, Circus, 
-a, -um, and Circeiensis, -e. 

Cwraha, Cirrha, -» (f.); of or belonging 
to Cirrha, Cirrhieus, -a, -um. ‘ 

Cirta, Cirta, -e (/f.); of or belonging to 
Cirta, Coens, -e. 

Cispius, Cispius, -ii (m.). 

Cisseus, Cisseus, -6i or -eos (m.); daugh- 
ter of Cisseus, Cisséis, -idis (f:). 

Citheron, Cithwron, -dnis (m.). 

Citium, Citium, -ii (7.); of or belonging 
to Citium, Citiensis, -e; an inhabitant 
of Citium, Citiéus, -i (m.). 

Citius, Citius, -ii (m.). 

Civita Vecchia, Centumcella, -arum (f.). 

Clanius, the, Clanius, -ii (m.). 

Clara, Clara, -@ (f.). . 

Claros, Claros or Clarus, -i (f.); of or be- 
longing to Claros, Clarius, -a, -um. 

Clastidium, Clastidium, -ii (7.). 

Claterna, Claterna, -8 (f.). 

Qlaudia, Claudia, -e (f.), v. Claudius. 

Claudiopolis, Claudidpolis, -is (f.); of or 
belonging to Claudiopolis, Claudiopdli- 
tanus, -a, -um. 

Claudius, Claudius, -ii (m.); Claudian, of 
or belonging to Claudius, Claudius, -a, 
-um, and Claudianus, -a, -um; the Claw 
dian family, Claudia gens. 

Clausus, Clausus, -i (m.). 

Clazomene, Clazomén®, -arum (/f.); of 
or belonging to Clazomene, Clazome- 
Deus, -a, -um, and Clazdménius, -a, 
-um; inhabitants of Clazomene, Clazo- 
menii, -orum (m.). 

Cleander, Cleander, -dri (m.). 

Cleanthes, Cleunthes, -is (m.); of or be- 
longing to Cleanthes, Cleanthéus, -a, 


-um. 
Clearchus, Clearchus, -i (m.). 
}ciemens, -entis (m.). 


Cleobis, Cledbis, -is (m.). 

Cleobilus, Cleobilus, -i (m.). 

Cleombrotus, Cleombrditus, -i (m.). 

Cleomedon, Cleomédon, -ontis (m.). 

Cleomenes, Cleéménes, -is (m.). 

Cleon, Cleon, -ontis (m.). 

Cleona, Cledne, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Cleona, Cleonzus, -a, -um. 

Cleopas, Cleopas, -# (m.). 

Cleopatra, Cleopatra, -e (f.); of or be 
longing to Cleopatra, Cleopatranus, -a, 
-um, and Cleopatricus, -a, -um. 

Cleophantus, Cleophantus, -i (m.). 

Cleophon, Cleophon, -ontis (m.). 

Clermont, Claromontium, -ii (.); Augus- 
tonemetum, -i (n.). 

Clevas, Clevas, - (m.) 

Cleves, Clivia, -@ (f.). 

Climaz, Climax, -acis (f). 

Clintas, Clinias, -w (m.) son of Clinias, 
Cliniades, -e (m.). 


COL 
Clio, Clio, -as (/.). 
es, Clisthénes, -is (m.). 

Clita, Clite, -arum (/f.). 

Clitarchus, Clitarchus, -i (m.). 

Cliternum, Cliternum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Cliternum, Cliterninus, -a, 
-um. 

Clitomachus, Clitomachus, -i (m.). 

Clitor, Clitor, -dris (m.), and Clitérium, 
-ii (n.); of or belonging to Clitor, Cli- 
torius, -a, -um. 
litumnu. * 

repent. } clitumnus. -i (m.). 

Clitus, Clitus, -i (m.). 

Cloanthus, Cloanthus, -i (m.). 

Clodia, Clodia, -w (f.). 

Clodius, Clodius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Clodius, Clodian, Clodius, -a, -um, 
and Clodianus, -a, -um. 

Clelia, Closlia, -e (f.). 

Clalius, Clcelius, -ii (m.). 

Clénius, Clonius, -ii (m.). 

Clotho, Clétho, -ds ( f-). 

Cluentia, Cluentia, -# (f.). 

Cluentius, Cluentius, -ii (m.); of or be- 
longing to Cluentius, Cluentian, Cluen- 
tianus, -a, -um; the Cluentian family, 
Cluentia gens. 

Cluilius, Cluilius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Cluilius, Cluiltan, Cluilius, -a, 


-um. 

Clunia, Clunia, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Clunia, Cluniensis, -e. 

Clupea, Clupea, -®, and Clupes, -arum 


Clusium, Clusium, -ii (n.); of or beiong- 
ing to Clusium, Clusian, Clusinus, -a, 
-um. 

Cluvia, Cluvia, -# (f.); of or belonging 
to Cluvia, Cluvian, Cluvianus, -a, -um. 
Cluvius, Cluvius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 

to Cluvius, Cluvianus, -a, -um. 

Clyde, the, Glota, -e (f.); the Frith of 
Clyde, Glote Zstuarium. 

Clymene, Clyméne, -es (f.); of or belong- 
tng to Clymene, Clyménwus, -a, -um, 
and Clymenéius, -a, -um; daughter of 
Clymene, Clymenéis, -Idis (f.). 

Clytemnestra, Clytemnestra, -@ (f.). 

Clytia, Clytia, -, and Clytie, -es (f.). 

Clytius, Cl¥tius, -ii (m.). 

Ciytus, Clytus, -i (m.). 

Cneus or Cneius, Cnwus or Cneius, -i (m.). 

Cnidos, Cnidos or Cnidus, -i (f-); oY or 
belonging to Cnidos, Cnidian, Cnidius, 
-a, -umM. 

Cnosus, Cndsus, -i (f:); of or belonging 
to Cnosus, Cnosian, Cnosius, -a, -um, 
and Cnosiacus, -a, -um; pecul. poet. 
Sem., Cnosias, -adis, ard Cnosis, -idis. 

Cobleniz, Confiuentes, -ium (m.); Confiu- 
entia, -# (/.). 

Cocalus, Cocalus, -i (m.) ; daughter of Co- 
calus, Cocalis, -idis ( f.). 

Cocceius, Cocceius, -ii (m.). 

Cocinthum, Cocinthum, -i (z.). 

Cocles, Cocles, -itis (m.). 

Cocytus, the, Cocytus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Cocytus, Cocytius, -a, -um. 

Codomannus, Codomannus, -i (m.). 

Codrus, Codrus, -i (m.). 

Calins, Coelius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Celius, Coplianus, -a, -um. 

Celus, Coelus, -i (m.). 

Ceranus, Coeranus, -i (m.). 

Ceus, Coeus, -i (m.). 

Cognac, Conacum, -i (n.). 

Coimbra, Conimbrica, -s (f.). 

Colchester, Colcestria, -# (f.). 

Colchis, Colchis, -idis and -idos (f.); of 
or belonging to Colchis, Colchian, Col- 
chicus, -a, -um, and Colchus, -a, -um; 
the inhabitants of Colchis, Colchi, -orum 


(m.). 
Coldingham, Coldania, -s, or Colania, -® 


(f)- 

Collatia, Collatia, - ( f.); of or belonging 
to Collatia, Collatian, Collatinus, -a, -um. 

Cologne, Colonia Agrippinensis (f.). 

Colonus, Colénus, -i (m.); of or beleng- 
ing to Colonus, Colénéus, -a, -um. 

Colophon, Colophon, -énis (m.); of or be 
longing to Colophon, Coldphéniacus, -a, 
-um, and Colophénius, -a, -um. 

Colosse, Coloss, -arum (/f.); of or be 
longing to Colossa, Colossian, Colosst- 
nus, -a, -um; the Colossians, Colossen- 
ses, -ium (m.). 

Columella, Coliimella, -& (m.). 


——— SSS sss 


COK 


Comana, Cémaéna, -orum (7.); of or be 
longing to Comana, Comanus, -a, -um. 

Comania, Comania, -# (f-). 

Comines, Cominium, -ii (n.); of or be 

Cominium, i longing to Cominium, Co 
minianus, -a, -um, and Cominius, -a,-um 

Commagene, Commagéné, -es (f.); of a 
belonging to Commagene, Commagé 
nus, -&, -um. 

Commodus, Commddus, -i (m.). 

Complutum, Complutum, -i (n.) ; of or be 
longing to Complutum, Comrpiutensis, -€ 

Compostella, Compostella, -# (¢ f.). 

Compsa, Compsa, -@ (f.); af or belong: 
ing to Compsa, Compsanus, -a, -um. 

Comum (now Como), Cémum, -i (7.); of 
or belonging to Comum, Comensis, -€ 

Concani, the, Concini, -orum (m.). 

Concordia, Concordia, - (/.). 

Condate, Condate, -is (n.); of or belong: 
ing to Condate, Condas, -atis, and Con- 
datinus, -a, -um. 

Condé, Condatum, -i (n.). 

Condrusi, the, Condrisi, -orum (m.). 

Conon, Conon, -dnis (m.). 

Conrad, Conradus, -i (m.). 

Garens Consaburo, -onis (f.), ena 

onsaburum, -i (n.) ; of or belong to 
Consaburo, Consaburensis, -e. = 

Consentia, erie -@ (f.); of or be 

Cosenza, longing to Consentia, 
sentinus, -a, -um. 

Consentius, Consentius, -ii (m.). 

Considius, Considius, -ii (m.). 

Constance, Constantia, - (f.); name of « 
woman and city. 

Constance, Lake of, Brigantinus Lacus. 

Constans, } Constans -antis (m 

Constant, z ) 

Constantia, Constantia, -@ (/.). 

Constantina, Constantina, -@ (/.). 

Constantine, Constantinus, -i (m.); of or 
belonging to Constantine, Constantinia- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Constantinople, Constantindpdlis, -is ( f.) 
of or belonging to Constantincple, Con 
stantinopolitanus, -a, -um; ‘the Straits 
of Constantinople. Bospdrus Thracius. 

Constantius, Constantius, -ii (m.); of or 
belonging to Constantius, Constanté 
cus, -a, -um; Constantianus, -a, -um ; 
and Constantiensis, -e. 

Consus, Consus, -i (m.). 

Contessa, Gulf of, Sinus Strymonicus. 

Contrebia, Contrebia, - (f.). 

Conway, Conovium, -ii (n.). 

Conza, Compsa, -@ (f.). 

Copa, Cops, -arum ( f.) ; the Lake of ; 
or Lake Copais, Copais, -idis (f.), palus. - 

Copais Lake, v. foregoing. 

Copenhagen, Hatnia or Haunia, -# ( f.); 
Codania, -# (f.). 

Coponius, Coponius, -ii (m.); of or be- 
longing to Coponius, Coponianus, -a, 
-um. 

Coens, Coptus or Coptos, -i (f.); of or 

elonging to Coptus, Copticus, -a, -um; 
an inhabitant of Coptus, Coptites, -« 


(m.). 

Cora, Cora, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
Cora, Coranus, -a, -um. 

Coracesium, Coracésium, -ii (n.). 

Coras, Coras, -# (m.). 

Coraz, Corax, -acis (m.). 

Corbio, Corbio, -onis (m.); @ man's name. 
—2. (f.) a city. 

Corbulo, Corbalo, -6nis (m.). 

Corcyra (now Corfu), Coreyra, -® (f.), 
of or belonging to Cercyra, Corcyrean, 
Corcyreus, -a, -um 

Cordova, Cordiba, -& (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Cordova, Cordubensis, -# 

Cordus, Cordus, -i (m.). 

Corea, Corea, -®@ (f). 

Corfinium, Corfiuium, -ii (n.); of or be 
longing to Corfintum, Corfiniensis, ¢. 
and Corfinius, -a, -um. 

Corfu, v. Corcyra. 

Corinna, Coritna, -@ (f 

Corinth, Corinthus, -i (f{); of or belong- 
ing to Corinth, Corinthian, Corinthius, 
-a, -um, and Corinthiacus, -a, -um ; 
Gulf of Corinth, Sinus Corinthiacus 

Coriolanus, Coriolanus, -i (m.). 

Corioli, Corioli, -orum (m.). 

Corippus, Corippus, -i (m.). 

Cork, Corcagia or Corragia, -@ (f.); of 
belonging to Cork, Corcagiensis, , o 
Corcensig, -e. ag 


CRE 


Cornelia, Cornélia, -s (f.) 

Cornelius, Cornélius, -ii (m.); Cornelian, 
Corné@iius, -a, -um, and Cornelianus, -a, 
-um; the Cornelian family, Cornelia 
gens. 

Cournicilim, Cornicilum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
longing to Corniculum, Corniculanus, 
8, -um. 

Cornificius, Corniticius, -ii (m.). 

Cornutus, Cornitus, -i (m.). 

Cornwall, Cornubia, -® (f.). 

Corebus, Coroabus, -i (m.). 

Coromandel, Coromandela, -@ (f.). 

Coron, . Cordné, -es (f.); of or belong- 

Jorone, ; ing to Corone, Coronean, Co- 
roneus, -a,-um; Gulf of Coron, Sinus 
Messeniacus. 

Coronea, Coronéa, -~ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Coronea, CorGdnensis, -8. 

Coronis, Coronis, -idis (f.); son of Coro- 
nts, Coronides, -® (m.). 

Correse, Cures, -ium (m.), 

Sorsica, Corsica, -e (f.); of or belonging 
to Corsica, Corsican, Corsus, -a, -um, 
and Corsicus, -a, -um; the Corsicans, 
Corsi, -orum (m.). 

Cortona, Cortona, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Cortona, Cortonensis, -e. 

Coruncanius, Coruncanius, -ii (m.). 

aie Brigantium, -ii, or Caronium, 
-li (.). 

Corvus, Corvus, -i (m.). 

Corybantes, the, Corybantes, -um (m.); of 
or belonging to the Corybantes, Cory- 
bantian, Corybantius, -a, -um. 

Corybas, Corybas, -antis (m.). 

Corycus, Corycus, -i ( f.) ; of or belonging 
to Corycus, Corycian, Corycius, -8, -um. 

Corydon, Corydon, -dnis (m.). 

Coryna, Coryna, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Coryna, Corynean, Coryneus, -a, -um. 

Coryphasium, Coryphasium, -ii (n.). 

Corythus, Corythus, -i (m.). 

Cos (now Stanco), Cos or Cous, -i (f.); of 
or belonging to Cos, Coan, Cous, -a, -um. 

Cosa, Cosa, -®, and Cos, -arum (f.); of 
or belonging to Cosa, Cosanus, -a, -um. 

Cosconius, Cosconius, -ii (m.). 

Cosenza, Consentia, -w (f.). 

Cosmus, Cosmus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Cesmus, Cosmianus, -a, -um. 

Cossinius, Cossinius, -ii (m.). 

Cossus, Cossus, -i (m.). 

Cossutia, Cossutia, -e ( f.). 

Cossutius, Cossutius, -ii (m.). 

Cothon, Céthon, -Onis (f.). 

Cotiso, Cotiso, -dnis (m ). 

Cotrone, Croton, -dnis (f.). 

Cotta, Cotta, -w (m.). 

Cottius, Cottius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Cottius, Cottian, Cottianus, -a, -um ; 
the Cottian Alps, Alpes Cottianm or Cot- 
tie. 

Ootton, Cotton, -dnis (f.). 

Cottus, Cottus, -i (m.). 

Cotus, Cotus, -i (m.). 

Cotyeum, Cotyeum, -i (n.). 

Cotyla, Cotyla, -& (m.). 

Cotys, Cotys, -yis or -yos (m.). 

Cotytto, Cotytto, -fs (f.). 

Coventry, Conventria, -@ (f.). 

Cowbridge, Bovium, -ii (n.). 

Cragus (Mount), Cragus, -i (m.). 

Cracow, Cracovia, -® (f.); of or belong- 
tng to Cracow, Cracoviensis, -e. 

Cranon, Cranon, -dnis (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Cranon, Cranonian, Cran6nius, 
-a, -um. 

Crantor, Crantor, -dris (m.). 

Crassipes, Crassipes, -édis (m.). 

Crassus, Crassus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Crassus, Crassianus, -a, -um. 

Craterus, Cratérus, -i (m.). 

Crates, Crates, -etis (m.); man’s name.— 
2. Crates, -is (m.), a river. 

prioerige § the, Crathis, is and -Idis (m.). 

Cratinus, Cratinus, -i (m.). 

Cratippus, Cratippus, -i (m.). 

Crato, Crato, -dnis (m.). 

Crau, La, Campi Lapidei (m.). 

Cradzton, Cridia, - (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Crediton, Cridiensis, -e. 

Cremaste, Crémaste, -es (f.). 

Cremera, the, Créméra, - (f.); of or be- 
longing to the Cremera, Cremerensis, -e. 

Cremnitz, Cremnicium, -ii (n.). 

Cremona, Cremona, -® (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Cremona, Cremonensis, -e. 

720 


CYA 


Cremuttus, Cremutius, -ii (m.). 

Creneus, Crensus, -i (m.). 

Creon, Creon, -ontis (m.). 

Cresphontes, Cresphontes, -is (m.). 

Cressy, Carisiacum, -i (n.). 

Crete (now Candia), Créta, -2, and Créta, 
-es (f.); of or belonging to Crete, Cre- 
tan, Creticus, -a, -um; Cretensis, -e; 
poet., Cretsous, -a, -um, and Crésius, -a, 
-um; a Cretan, Cres, -étis (m.), Cressa, 
-w@ (f.); the Cretans, Crétes, -um. 

Cretheus, Crethéus, -6os and -ei (m.); of 
or relating to Cretheus, Crethéius, -a, 
‘um; son or descendant of Cretheus, 
Crethides, -# (m.). 

Créusa, Crétsa, -@ (f.). 

Crimea, Chersonesus Taurica (f-); the 
Crim Tartars, Tauri, -orum (m.). 

Crimisus, the, Crimisus, -i (m.). 

Crispina, Crispina, -@ (f.). 

Crispinus, Crispinus, -i (m.). 

Crispus, Crispus, -i (m.). 

Crissa, Crissa, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Crissa, Criss#us, -a, -um. 

Crithote, Crithote, -es (f.). 

Critias, Critias, -w (m.). 

Crito, Crito, -6nis (m.). 

Critobulus, Critobilus, -1 (m.). 

Critolaus, Critélaus, -i (m.). 

Critonius, Critdnius, -ii (m.). 

Croatia, Croatia, -w (f.). 

Crocale, Crécale, -es (f.). 

Cresus, Croesus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Cresus, Crossius, -a, -um. 

Cronstadt, Brassovia, -«, and Stephénop- 
olis, -is (f.). 

Croton, aes -6nis, and Crot6éna, -@ 

Cotrone, (Ff); of or belonging to Cro- 
ton, Crotoniensis, -e; an inhabitant of 
Croton, Croténiates, -s (m.). 

Crustumerium, Crustimérium, -ii, and 
Crustiminum, -i (2.), and Crustiméri, 
-Orum (m.); of or belonging to Crustu- 
merium, Crustimérinus, -a, -um, and 
Crustuminusg, -a, -um. 

Crustumium, Crustumium, -fi (n.); of or 
belonging to Crustumium, Crustimius, 
-a, -um. 

Ciesias, Ctesias, -@ (m.). 

Ctesibius, Ctesibius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Ctesibius, Ctesibicus, -a, -um. 

Ctesiphon, Ctésiphon, -ontis (m.), a man’s 
name.—2. (f.) @ city. 

Cuba, Cuba, -@ (f.). 

Cuballum, Cubalilum, -i (n.). 

Cularo, Cularo, -dnis (f.); of or belong. 
ing to Cularo, Cularonensis, -e. 

Culeo, Culeo, -6nis (m.). 

Cuma, Cime, -arum (f.); also poet., Cy- 
mé, -es (f.); of or belonging to Cuma, 
Cumeeus, -8, -um, and Cumanus, -a,-um. 

Cumberland, Cumbria, -@ (f.). 

Cuneus, Cunéus, -ei (m.). 

Cuningham, Cunigamia, -@ (f.). 

Cupid, Cupido, -inis (m.); Amor, -dris 
(m.); of or relating to Cupid, Cupidin- 
eus, -a, -um. 

Cupiennius, Cupiennius, -ii (m.). 

Cupra, Cupra, -@ (f.); of or belonging to 
Cupra, Cuprensis, -e. 

Curdistan, Curdia, -@ (f.); the Curds, 
Curdi, -orum (sn.). 

Cures, agrees -ium (m.); of or belong- 
Correse, ing to Cures, Curensis, -e; an 
inhabitant of Cures, Cires, -étis (m.). 
Curétes, the, Curétes, -um (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to the Curetes, Cureticus, -a, 

-um. 

Curiatius, Curiatius, -ii (m.). 

Curio, Curio, -6nis (m.); of or belonging 
to Curio, Curidnianus, -a, -um. 

Curiosolite, the, Curiosolite, -arum, and 
Curiosolites, -um (m.). 

Curius, Curius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Curius, Curianus, -a, -um. 

Curland, Curonia, -@ (f.). 

Cursor, Cursor, -6ris (m.). 

Curtius, Curtius, -ii (m.). 

Curzola, Corcyra Nigra (f.). 

Curzolari, Echinades, -um (f.), insules. 

Cuta, Cuta, -e (f.); of or belonging to 
Cuta, Cutus, -a, -um. 

Cuthbert, Cuthbertus, -i (m.). 

Cutilia, Cutilix, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Cutilia, Cutiliensis, -e, and Cuti- 
lius, -a, -tm. 

Cutina, Cutina, -« (f.). 

Cyane, Cyane, -es (f.). 

Cyanean (islands), Cyanew, -arum (f.); 


DAL 


of or belonging to the Cyanean Islanda 
Cyanean, Cyanéus, -a, -um. 

Cybele, Cybéle, -es (f.); of or belonging 
to Cybele, Cybeléius, -a, -um. 

Cyclades, the (islands), Cyclades, -um ( f.) 

Cycnus, Cycnus, -i (m.); of or relating ta 
Cycnus, Cycnéius, -a, -um. 

Cydas, Cydas, -® (m.). 

Cydippe, Cydippe, -es (f.). 

Cydnus, the, Cydnus, -i (m.). 

Cydonia, Cydonia, -#, and Cydon, -dnia 
(f); of or belonging to Cydon, Cydo 
nian, Cydonius, -a,-um; an inhabitans 
of Cydon, Cydon, -onis (m.) ; the inhabit 
ants of Cydon, Cydoniatex, -arum (7.). 

Cyllarus, Cyllarus, -i (m.). 

Cyllene, Cylléné, -es (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Cyllene, Cyllenitan, Cyllentus, -a, 
-um, and Cyllenius, -a, -um. 

Cylon, Cylon, -onis (m.); of or relating te 
Cylon, Cylonius, -a, -um. 

Cyme, Cyme, -es (f.); Cymean, Cyma@ua, 
-a, -um. 

Cymodocé, Cymédéce, -es (f.). 

Cymethée, Cymothéé, -es (f.). 

Cynapes, the, Cynapes, -is (m.). 

Cynosarges, Cynosarges, -ium ( f.). 

Cynoscephale, Cynoscéphiala, -arum ( f.). 

Cynossema, Cynosséma, -atis (7.). 

Cynthia, Cynthia, -w (f.). 

Cynthus (Mount), Cynthus, -i (m.); of or 
belonging to Cynthus, Cynthius, -a, -um. 

Cynus, Cynus, -i (f.). 

Cyparissta, Cyparissia, - (f.); of or be 
longing to Cyparissia, Cyparissian, Cy- 
parissius, -a, -um; Gulf of Cyparissia, 
Sinus Cyparissius. 

Cyparissus, Cyparissus, -i (m.). 

Cyprian, Cyprianus, -i (m.). 

Cyprus, Cyprus, -i ( f.); of or belonging 
to Cyprus, Cyprian, Cyprius, -a, -um; 
Cypricus, -a, -um; 7d late, Cypriacua, 
-a, -um; pecul. fenc., Cypris, -idis (esp 
as appell. of Venus). 

Cypsela, Cypséla, -orum (7.). 

Cypselus, Cypsélus, -i (m.); son of Cypse 
lus, Cypselides, -e (m.). 

Cyrene, Cyréné, -es, and Cy1éne, -arum 
(f.); of or belonging to Cyrene, Cyre- 
nean, Cyrénaicus, -a, -um; Cyrénwus, 
-a, -um; and Cyrenensis, -e; the coun- 
try around Cyrene, Cyrenaica, -# (f.); 
the inhabitants of Cyrene, Cyrenatct, 
-orum, and Cyrenenses, -ium (m.). 

Cyril, Cyrillus, -i (m.). 

Cyrus, Cyrus, -i (m.); of or belonging to 
Cyrus, Cyréus, -a, -um. 

Cyssus, Cyssus, -untis (f-). 

Cyta, Cyta, - (f.); of or belonging te 
Cyta, Cytean, Cyteus, -a, -um, and Cy- 
teeus, -a, -um (poet.); pecul. fem., Cy- 
teis, -idis. 

Cythera, Cythéra, -orum (n.); of or be 

longing to Cythera, Cythéréius, -a, -um, 

oa Cythériacus, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., 
Cytheréis, -idis; Cytheréias, -adis; ana 
Cytheréa, -w (esp. as appell. of Venus). 

Cythnus, Cythnus or Cythnos, -i (f.); of 

or belonging to Cythnus, Cythnius, -a, 
m 


-um. 

Cytorus, Cytérus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Cytorus, Cytorian, Cytorius, -a, -um, 
and Cytoriacus, -a, -um. 

Cyzicus, Cyzicus, -i (m.), man’s name— 
2. (f.) @ city, and Cyzicum, -i (n.); of 
or belonging to Cyzicus, Cyzicénus, -@ 
-um. 


Daa, the, v. Dahe. 

Dacia, Dacia, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Dacia, Dacian, Dacicus, -a, -um; a Da 
cian, Dacus, -i (m.); the Dacians, Daci, 
-orum (7m.). 

Dedala, Dedala, -orum (7.). 

Dedalion, Dedalion, -dnis (m.). 

Daedalus, Dedalus, -i (m.); of or belong: 
ing to Daedalus, Dedalean, Dedalius, -a, 
-um, and Dedaléus, -a, -um. 

Dagon, Dagon, indecl., and perhaps -Onis 


(m.). 

Dake, the, Dahe, -arum (7.). 

Dalecarlia, Dalecarlia, - (f.) 

Dalila, Dalila, - (f.). 

Dalmatia, Dalmatia, -@ (f.) ;_ of or belong 
ing to Dalmatia, Dalmatian, Dalmati 
cus, -a, -um; the Dalmatiaxs, Dalmate 
-arum (m.). 


DE! 


vas Dima, -@ (m.). 

Gamalis, Damilis, -idis (f.) 

Damaris, Damaris, -idis (j.}. 

Damascus, Damascus, -i ea ; of or be- 
lenging to Damascus, Damascus, -8, 
-um, and Damascénus, -a, -um; the ter- 
ritory of Damascus, Damascéné, -es, and 
Damascéna, -@ ( /.). 

Damasichthon, Damasichthon, -dnis (m.). 

Damasippus, Damasippus, -i (m.) 

Damio, Damio, -dnis (m.). 

Damociles, Damécles, -is (m.). 

Damocritus, Damocritus, -i (m.). 

Dametas, Damcetas, -# (m.). 

Damon, Damon, -dnis (m.). 

Danae, Danaé, -es (f.); of or belonging 
to Danaé, Danaéius, -a, -um. 

Danai, the, Dandi, -orum (m.). 

Danaus, Danaus, -i (m.); sons or descend- 
ants of Danaus, Danadide, -arum (m.), 
daughters or female descendants of Da- 
naus, Danaides, -um (f.). 

Danes, the, Dani, -orum (m.); Danish, Da- 
nicus. -a, -um; land of the Danes, v. 
Dentenri:. 

Daniel, Daniel, -élis, and Daniélus, -i (m.). 


Dantzic, Dantiscum, -i (n.); Gedainum, -i | 
(n.). | Democritus, Democritus, -i (m.); of De- | 
Danube, the, Daniibius, -ii (m.), Ister, -tri 


(m.) (prop. only @ part); Danubian, Da- 
nubinus, -a, -um. 

Daphne, Daphne, -es (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Daphne, Daphneus, -a, -um, and 
Daphnicus, -a, -um. 

Daphnis, Daphnis, -idis (m.). 

Daphnus, Daphnus, -untis (f.). 

Daphnusa, Daphnusa, -@ (f.). 

Dardanelles (Straits of the), Hellespontus, 
-i (m.). 


) 
Dardania, Dardania, -w (f.); Dardanian, 


of or belonging to Dardania, Dardanius, | 
-a, -um, and Dardanicus, -a, -um; the | 


Dardanians, Dardani, -orum (m.). 


Dardanus, Dardanus, -i (m.); of or be- | 


longing to Dardanus, Dardanus, -a,-um, 


and Dardanius, -a,-um ; son or descend- | 
ant of Dardanus, Dardanides, -w (m.); | 


daughter or female descendant of Dar- 


danus, Dardanis, -idis; descendants of | 


Derdanus, Dardanidew, -arum contract- 
ed -tim (m.) (poet. for Trojans and Ro- 
mans). 

Dares, Dares, -étis (m.). 

Darius, Darius, -ii, or D&réus, -i (m.). 

Dermsiadt, Darmstadium, -ii (n.); of 
Darmstadt, Darmstadiensia, -e. 

Dartmouth, Dartmuthia, -@ (f.). 

Dascylium, Dascylium, -ii (n.), and Das- 
cylos, -i ( f.). 

Dasius, Dasius. -ii (m.). 

Datis, Datis, -is (m.). 

Daulis, ; Daulis, -idis ( f-) ; of Daulis, Dau- 

Daulia, lian, Daulius, -a, -um; 

Jem., Daulias, -adis. 

Daunia, Daunia, -e (f.) ; of Daunia, Dau- 
nian, Daunius, -a, -um, and Dauniacus, 
-a, um. 

Daunus, Daunus, -i (m.). 

Dauphiny, Delphinatus, -us (m.); of Dau- 
phiny, Delphinas, -atis. 

Daventry, Bennavenna, -® ( f-). 

David, David, indecl., and David, -idis 
(m.); of or belonging to David, Davidi- 
cus, -a, -um. 

David's, St., Menevia, -e (f.); of or be- 
longing to St. David's, Meneviensis, -e. 

Davus, Davus, -i (m.). 

Dead Sea, Lacus Aspbaltites, -e (m.). 

Deal, Dola, -@ (f.). 

Deborah, Débdra, - (f.). 

Debreczin, Debrecinum, -i (7.). 

Decapélis, Décapdlis, -is (f.); of or be 
longing to Decapolis, Decépdlitanus, -a, 
-um. 

Decelia, Decélia, - (f.). 

Decentius, Decentius, -ii (m.). 

Decetia, Decétia, -e ( f.). 

Decidius, Decidius, -ii (m.). 

Decimius, Decimius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Decimius, Decimianus, -a, -um. 

Decise, Decétia, -@ ( f.). 

Decius, Decius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Decius, Decianus, -a, -um. 

Dee, the, Deva, - (m.). 

Dez nira, Déianira, -x (f.). 

Deidamia, Deidamia, -e (f.). 

Deiopéa, Deidpéa, -@ (f.). 

Detotarus, Déidtarus, -i (m.). 

Detphile, rd aide -e8 (f.). 

4 








vID 


Detphobe, Déiphdbe, -es (f.). 

Detphobus, Déiphdbus, -i (m.). 

Dejanira, v. Detantra. 

Delhi, Clisobora, -w# (f.). 

Delft, Delphium, -ii (1.). 

Delia, Delia, -w (f.). 

Delium, Delium, -ii (7.). 

Delos, Délos or Délus, -i (f.); of Delos, 
Delian, Delius, -a, -um, and Deliicus, 
“a, -um. 

Delphi, Delphi, -orum (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Delphi, Delphic, Delphicus, -a, 
-um. 

Delta, Delta, indecl. (n.). 

Delus, v. Delos. 

Déemades, Demades, -is (m.). 

Demarata, Demarata, - (f.). 

Demardtus, Démaratus, -i (m.). 

Demea, Demea, -# (m.). 

Demetrias, Demetrias, -adis (f.); of or be- 
longing to Demetrias, Demétriécus, -a, 
-um, 

Demetrium, Demetrium, -ii (”.). 

Demetrius, Demetrius, -ii (m.). 

Demiurgus, Demiurgus, -i (m.). 

Demochares, Démdchares, -is (m.). 

Democrates, Democrates, -is (m.). 


mocritus, Democritéan, Democritéus, -a, 
-um, and Democriticus, -a, -um, the 
disciples of Democritus, Democritéi or 
-critici, -orum (m.). 

Demédécus, Demddocus, -i (m.). 

Demoleon, Demdleon, -ontis (m.). 

Demoléus, Demdléus, -i (m.). 

Demonicus, Démbnicug, -i (m.). 

Demophoon, Demdphoon, -ontis (m.). 

Demotica, Didymotichos, -i (n.). 

Demosthenes, Démosthénes, -is (m.); of 
or belonging to Demosthenes, Demos- 
thénicus, -a, -um. 

Dendera, v. Tentyra. 

Den: ark, Dania, -e (f.), an inhabitant 
of Wenmark, v. Danes. 

Denn, v. Denys. 

Den, is, Dentatus, -i (m.). 

Deng Dionysius, -ii (m.). 

Deodu , Deodatus, -i (m.). 

Derbe, Jerbe, -es (f.); of or belonging to 
Derbe, Derbean, Derbeeus, -a, -um; an 
inhabitant of Derbe, Derbétes, -& (m.). 

Derbent, Albani porte, -arum (f.). 

Derbices, the, Derbices, -um (m.). 

Derby. Darbia, -@ (f.) ; Derventia, -e (f.) ; 
Derbyshire, Derbicensis (Derbiensis) 
comitatus. 

Dercetis,  Dercatis, -is (f.), and Dercéto, 

Derceto, § -is(f.). 

Dercyllus, Dercyllus, 4 (m.)- 

Derpat, v. 

Derry, Deria, -@ (/f.). 

Dertona, Dertona, -@® (f-). 

Derwent, Derventus, -i (m.). 

Desmond, Desmonia, -® (f.). 

Despoto (Mount), Rhodope, -es ( f.)- 

Dessau, Dessavia, - (f.). 

Detmold, Detmoldia, -# (f-). 

Deucalion, Deucilion, -dnis (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to Deucalion, Deucaliénéus, -a, 
-um; son of Deucalion, Deucalidnides, 
and Deucalides, -# (m.). 

Deuxponts, Bipontium, -ii (”-). 

Deva, Decidava, -@ (f.). 

Deventer, Daventria, -@ (f.). 

Devonshire, Devonia, -@ (f.). 

Dezippus, Dexippus, -i (m.). 

Dia, Dia, - (f.). 

Diadumenus, Diadiiménus, -i (s.). 

Diagondas, Diagondas, -# (m.). 

Diagoras, Didgéras, -# (m.). 

Diana, Diana, -e (f.); of or belonging to 
Diana, Dianius, -a -um. 

Dianium, Dianium, -ii (”.). 

Dicaa, Dicea, -@ (f.). 

Dicaarchia, Dicwarchia, - (f.); inhabit- 
ants of Dicearchia, Dicwarchwi, -orum 


(m.). 

Dicearchus, Dicwarchus, -i (m.); of or be- 
longing to Dicearchus, Dicearchéus, 
-a, -um. 

Dicte (Mount), Dicte, -es, and Dicta, -@ 
(ff); of or belonging to Dicte, Dictean, 
Dicteeus, -a, -um. 

Dictynna, Dictynna, -© (f.); of or be 
longing to Dictynna, Dictynneus, -a, 
-um. 

Dictys, Dictys, -yis or -yos m.). 

Didius, Didius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Didius, Didian, Didius, -a, -um. 








DOR 


Dido, Dido, -tis, less usual -dnis ( f-- 
Didymaon, Did¥maon, -Onis (m.) 
Didymus, Didymus, -i (m.). 

Dieppe, Deppa, -# (f.). 

Digentia, Digentia, -# ( f.) 

Digitius, Digitius, -ii (m.). 

Digne, Dinia, -# (f.), q. V- 

Dijon, Divio, -onis (f.); Diviodunum, 4 
(n.); of or belonging to Dijon, Invio 
nensis, -€. 

Dinarchus, Dinarchus, -i (m.). 

Dindymus (Mount), Dindymus, i (m.) 
and Dindyma, -6rum (n.); of or belong 
ing to Dindymus, Dindyménus, -4, -um ; 
Dindymus, -a, -um. 

Dinia, Dinia, -w (f.); +f or belonging t 
Dinia, Diniensis, -e. 

Dinochares, Dinochares, -is (m.). 

Dinocrates, Dinocrates, -is (m.). 

Dinomache, Dindmache, -es (f-) 

Dinomachus, Dindmachus, -i (m.). 

Dinon, Dinon or Dino, -dnis (m.) 

Dio, Dio or Dion, -dnis (m.). 

Diochares, Didchares, -is (m.); of or reve 
ing to Diochares, Diocharinus, -a, -um 

Dioclea, Diocléa, -w (/.). 

Diocles, Diocles, -is (m.); of or belonging 
to Diocles, Diocléus, -a, -um. 

Diocletian, Diocletianus, -i (m.) ; of or be 
longing to Diocletian, Diocletianus, -a 


-um. 

Diodorus, Diodorus, -i (m.). 

Diodotus, Didditus, -i (m.). 

Diogenes, Didgénes, -is (m.). 

Diognetus, Diognétus, -i (m.). 

Diognotus, Diognotus, -i (m.). 

Diomedes, Didmédes, -is (m.), of or ve 
longing to Diomedes, Diomédéan, Did 
médéug, -a, -um. 

Dion, v. Dio. 

Dione, Diéne, -es, and Diona, -@ (f.); of 
or belonging to Dione, Didneus, -a, -um 

Dionysia, Dionysia, -# (f.). 

Dionysius, Dionysius, -ii (m.). 

Dionysodorus, Dionysddérus, -i (m., 

Diophanes, Diophanes, -is (m.). 

Diores, Didres, -# (m.). 

Dioscuri, the, Dioscuri, -orum (m.) 

Diospolis, Diospolis, -is ( F): of or betonsy 
ing to Diospolis, Diospolitanus, -a, -um, 
and masc. adj., Diospolites, -#. 

Diotrephes, Diotrephes, -is (m.). 

Diphilus, Diphilus, -i (m.). 

Dipsas, Dipsas, -adis ( f.), a woman's name 
—2. Dipsas, -antis (m.), a river. 

Dipso, depsum, -i (7.). 

Dirce, Dirce, -es, and Dirca, -e (f.), of 
or belonging to Dirce, Dircéan, Dirces 
Ws, -a, Um. 

Discordia, Discordia, -e (f.). 

Diva, Deva, -# (f.). 

Dium, Diun, -ii (”.); of or belonging u 
Dium, Dian, Diensis, -e. 

Divio, v. Dijon. 

Divitiacus, Divitiacug, -i (m.). 

Divodurum, Divodurum, -i (x.). 

Divona, Divdns, -# (f.). 

Dnieper, the, Borysthénes, -is (m.). 

Dniester, the, Danaster, -tri, and Tyras, -# 
(m.). 

Docimus, Docimusg, -i (m.). 

Dodona, Dédona, -# (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Dodona, Dodonzus, -a, -um, and Do- 
donius, -a, -um: pecul. fem., Dodonis, 
-idis. 

Dolabella, Dolabella, -#@ (m.); of or be 
longing to Dolabella, Dolabellianus, -a 
um 


Doliche, Doliche, -es (/.)- 

Dolichus, Dolichus, -i (m.). 

Dolon, Ddlon, -onis (m.). 

Dolonce, the, Dolonc, -rum (m.). 

Dolopia, Ddlépia, -w (f.); the Dolopians, 
Ddldpes, -um (m.); Dolopian, Doldpéi- 
us, -a, -um. 

Domitta, Domitia, -@ (f.). 

Domitian, Domitianus, -i (m.). 

Domitius, Domitius, -ii (m.); of or belong 
ing to Domitius, Domitius, -a, -um, @né 
Domitianus, -a, -um. 

Don, the, Tanais, -is (m.). 

Donatus, Donatus, -i (m.). 

Doncaster, Danum, -i (n.). 

Donegal, Dungalia, -® (f.); of er belong 
ing to Donegal, Dungalensis, -e. 

Donusa, Doniisa, -@ (f.). 

Dora, Dora, -® (f.). 

Dorcas, Dorcas, -adis (/). 

Doreeus, Dorceéus. -eos and -6i (w 

721 


DUN 


Do chester, Dorcestria, -@ (f.). 

Dordogne ‘ke, Duranius, -ii (m.). 

Durians, the, Dores, -um (m.) ; of or relat- 
tng to the Dorians, Dorian, Dorius, -a 
-um; Doricus, -a, -um; and Doriensis, 
©; fem. adj., Doris, -idis; the country of 
the Dorians, Doris, -idis (f.). 

Dorion, Dorion, -ii (n.). 

vrs, v. sub Dorians. 

Doriscus, Doriscus, -i (f.). 

Dornoch, Dornodinum, -i (n.). 

Doron, Doron or Dérum, -i (n.). 

Dorotheus, Dordtheus, -i (m.). 

Dorothy, Dorothea, -s (f.). 

aes Dorpatum, -i, and Derbatum, -i 

.). 

Dorso, Dorso, -dnis (m.). 

Dort, Dordracum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Dort, Dordracensis, -e. 

Dortmund, Dormundia, -® (f.); Tremo- 
Dia, -@ (f.). 

Dortrecht = Dort. 

Dorus, Dorus, -i (m.). 

Doryleum, Dorylweum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Doryleum, Doryleus, -a,-um, 
and Dorylensis, -e. 

Dosiades, Dosiides, -is (m.). 

Dositheus, Dositheus, -i (m.). 

Dossennus, Dossennus, -i (m.). 

Dotion, Dotion, -ii (n.). 

Doto, Doto, -as (f.). 

Douay, Catuacum, -i (n.) ; Duacum, «i (n.) ; 
of or relating to Douay, Duacensis, -e. 
Doubs, the, Alduabis, -is, or Dubis, -is (m.). 

Douglas, Duglasium, -ii (n.). 

Dourdun, Dordanum, ’ ‘n.). 

Douro, the, Durius, -ii (m.). 

Douz, the, v. Doubs. 

Dover, Dubris, -is (m.) ; Dubrea, -arum (f.). 

Down, Dunum, -i (n.); County Down, Du- 
nensis Comitatus. 

Draburg, Dravoburgum, -i (n.). 

Draco, Draco, -dnis (m.). 

Dragonara, Geronium, -ii (n.). 

Dragone, the, Draco, -onis (m.). 

Drances, Drances, -is (m.). 

Drapano, Drepanum, -i (n.), Promontori- 
um. 

Drave, the, Dravus, -i (m.). 

Drepanum, Drépanum, -i (n.), and Dre- 
para, -orum (7.). 

rine b ihe, Drinus, -i (m.). 

Drogheda, Droghdvea, -& (f.). 

Dromiscus, Dromiscus, -i ( f.). 

Dromus, Dromus or Drdmos, -i (m.). 

Drontheim, Nidrosia, -t (f.). 

Druentia, the, Druentia, -s (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to the Druentia, Druenticus, -a, 
-um. 

Drusilla, Drusilla, -w (f.). 

Druso, Druso, -dnis (m.). 

Drusus, Drisus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Drusus, Drusianus, -a, -um, and Dru- 
sinus, -a, -um. 


Dryantiades or Dryantides, - oe 
a 


Duina, Duina, -w (f.). 

Duis, the, Dulgibini, -orum (m.). 

Dultchium, Dulichium, -ii (n.); of or be- 
longing to Dulichium, Dulichian, Duli- 
chius, -a, -um. 

Dumbarton or Dunbriton, Britannodunum, 
-i (n.). 

Dumfries, Dunfreia, -« (f). 

Dumnacus, Dumnicus, -i (m.). 

Dumnoriz, Dumnorix, -igis (m.). 

Dunbar, Dumbarum, -i (n.). 

Dunblain, Dumblarum, -i (n.). 

psa Dunkranum, -i (n.). 

ndee, Allectum, -i (n.). 
Pustirk, Dunquercs, -B (f.). 


EGM 


Dunstan, Dunstanus, -i (m.). 

Durance, the, Druentia, - (m.). 

Duranius, the, Duranius, -ii (m.). 

Durazzo, v. Dyrrachium. 

Duria, the, Duria, -# (f.). 

Durham, Dunelmum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Durham, Dunelmensis, -e. 

Duris, Duris, -idis (m.). 

Durius, the (now Douro), Durius, -ii (m.) ; 
of or relating to the Durius, Durien- 
sis, -e. 

Durnomagus, Durnomagus, -i (f.). 

Durocortorum, Durocortorum, -i (n.). 

Duronia, Duronia, -e (f.). 

Duronius, Duronius, -ii (m.). 

Dusseldorf, Dusseldorpium, -ii (n.). 

Dwina, the, Duina, -® (f.); Carambeis, 
-is (m.). 

Dymas, Dymas, -antis (m.); daughter of 
Dymas, Dymantis, -idis (f.). 

Dyme, Dyme, -es, and Dyme, -arum (f.) ; 
Dymean, Dymeus, -a, -um. 

Dyrrachium, ) Dyrrachium, -ii (n.) ; of or 

Durazzo, } belonging to Dyrracht- 
um, Dyrrachinus, -a, -um; the inhabit- 
ants of Dyrrachium, Dyrrachini or -éni, 
-orum (m.). 


Eadith, v. Edith. 

Eadulph, Eadulphus, -i (m.). 

Earinus, Earinus, -i (m.). 

Ebersdorf, Aula Nova (/f.). 

Ebora, tle -e (f.); of or belonging 

Evora, to Ebora, Eborensis, -e. 

Eboracum, Eboracum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Eboracum, Eboracensis, -e. 

Ebro, the, tbérus, -i (m.). 

Ebura, Ebura, -s (f.). 

Eburodunum, Eburodunum, -i, (n.); of 
or belonging to Eburodunum, Eburo- 
dunensis, -e. 

Eburones, the, Eburdnes, -um (m.). 

Eburovices, the, Eburovices, -um (m.). 

Ebusus, } Ebisus or Ebusos, -i (f.); of or 

Ivica, belonging to Ebusus, Ebisi- 
tanus, -a, -um. 

Ecbatana, Ecbatana, -orum (n.), and -w 
(f., and -Ane, -arum (f.). 

Ecetra, Ecetra, -» (f.); of or belonging 
to Ecetra, Ecetranus, -a, -um. 

Echecrates, Echecrates, -is (m.). 

Echedemus, Echédémus, -i (s.). 

Echidna, Echidna, -@ (f.); of or relating 
to Echidna, Echidneus, -a, -um. 

Echinades, the, Echinddes, -um (f.), in- 
sul. 

Echinus, Echinus, -i (f.). 

Echinussa, Echinussa, -s (f.). 

Echion, Echion, -dnis (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Echion, Echidnius, -a, -um; son 
of Echion, Echiénides, -s (m.). 

Echo, Echo, -fis (f.). 

Eculeo, Eculeo, -onis (m.). 

Eden, the, Ituna, -@ (f.). 

Edessa, Edessa, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Edessa, Edessgus, -a, -um, and Edes- 
sénug, -a, -um. 

Edinburgh, Alata Castra (n.); Edinum or 
Edenburgum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to 
Edinburgh, Edenburgensis, -e. 

Edetani, the, Edetani, -orum (m.). 

Edgar, Edgarus, -i, and Edgar, -aris (m,). 

Edith, Editha, -~ (f.). 

Edmund, Edmundus, -i (m.). 

Edom, Edom, indecl. (m.), a man’s name. 
—2. f f.), name of a country ; Idumea, 
-@ (f.). 

Edoni, the, Edéni, -orum (m.); of or re- 
lating to the Edoni, Edontan, Edonus, 
-a, -um, and Edonius, -a, -um; pecul. 
fem., Ed6nis, -idis. 

Edonus (Mount), Edénus, -i, and Edon, 
-Onis (m.). 

Edusa, Edusa, -# (f.). 

Edward, Edoardus, -i, and Edvardus, -i 
(m.). 

Edwin, Edvinus, -i (m.). 

Eétion, Eétion, -dnis (m.); of or relating 
to Eétion, Eétidnéus, -a, -um. 

Egbert, Egbertus, -i (m.). 

Egeria, Egéria, -@ (f.). 

Egerius, Egérius, -ii (m.). 

Egesinus, Egésinus, -i (m.). 

Egesta, Egesta, -@ (f.). 

Egidius, Egidius, -ii (.) 

Egina, v. Enghia. 

Egmont, Egmontium, -ii (w.). 


EMF 


Egnatia, Egnatia, - (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Egnatia, Fguatinus, -a, -um. 

Egnatius, Egnatius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Egnatius, Egnatianus, -a, -um. 

Egypt, Egyptus and -tos, -i( f.), v. Heype. 

Eisleben, islebia, -w (f.). 

Elaa, Elwa, -e (f.); of or belonging t 
Elea, Elwensis, -e. 

Eleus, Eleus, -untis (f.). 
Elam, Elam, indecl. (m.); descendants of 
Elam, the Elamites, Elamite, -arum. 
Elatea, Elatéa, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Elatea, Elatensis, -e, and Elaticnsis, -€. 

Elath, filana, -# (f.); of or belonging te 
Elath, laniticus, -a, -um. 

Elatus, Elatus, -i (m.) ; son of Elatus, Ela- 
téius, -i (m.). 

Tene fire, Elaver, -éris (m.). 

Elba, Ilva, -e (f.); thalia, -x (f.). 

Elbe, the, Albis, -is (m.). 

Elbing, Elbinga, -e (f.). 

Eldred, Eldredus, -i (m.). 

Elea, . Elea, -w2 (f.); of Elea, Eleatte 

Velia, ; Eleaticus, -a, -um, and Meates 
- (m.). 

Eleanor, Eleanora, -x (f.). 

Eleazar, Eleazar, -aris, and Eleazarus, i 


(m.). 

Electra, Electra, -w (f.); of or relating te 
Electra, Electrius, -a, -um. 

Electryon, Electryon, -6nis (s.) 

Electus, Electus, -i (m.). 

Elefia, Elatéa, - (f.). 

Eleleus, Eleléus, -eos and -6i (m.,. 

Elephantine, Elephantine, -es ( f.) 

Elephantis, Elephantis, -idis ( f.). 

Eleusa, Eleusa, -@ (f.). 

Eleusis, Eleusis or Eleusin, -inis (f.); of 
or belonging to Eleusis, Eleusinian, 
Eleusinius, -a, -um, and Eleusinus, @ 
-um. 

Elias, Elias, -® (m.). 

Elicius, Elicius, -ii (m.). 

Eliezer, Eliezer, indecl. (m.). 

Elijah = Elias. 

Elimea, Eliméa, -@ (f.). 

Elimbo (Mount), Olympus, -i (m.) 

Elimiotis, Elimiotis, -idis (f.). 

Elis, Elis, -idis (f.); of or belonging w 
Elis, Elean, Elius or Eléus, -a, -um ; late 
Elidensis, -e ; pecwl. fem., Elias, -Adis. 

Elisa, Elisa or Elissa, -@ (f.); of or relat 
ing to Elisa, Elissus, -a, -um. 

Elisabeth, Elisabetha, -w (f.), also indeet 

Elisha, Eliszus, -i (m.). 

Eliza, Eliza, -w (f.). 

Elizabeth, v. Elisabeth. 

Elmesly, Ulmétum, -i (x.). 

Elorus, Elorus, -i (m.), and Elorum, 4 
(n.) ; of or belonging to Elorus, Elorian. 
Elorius, -a, -um, and Elorinus, -a, -um 
also written Heloérus, &c. 

Elpenor, Elpénor, -dris (m.). 

Elsineur, Elsenora, -@ (f.). 

Elusa, Elusa, -# (f.); the inhabitants of 
Elusa, Elusani, -orum, and Elusates. 
-jum (m.). 

Ely, Elia, -@ (f.); of or belonging to Ela 
Eliensis, -e. 

Elymai, the, Elymei, -orum (m.); thi 
country of the Elymai, Elymais, -idis ( f.) 

Elysium, Elysium, -ii (n.); Elysian, Ely 
sius, -a, -um; the Elystan Fields, Elysis 
Campi. 

Emathia, Emathia, -» (f.); Emathien, 
Bran, -a,-um ; pecul, fem., Emathis 
-idis. 

Emathion, Emathion, -6nis (m.). 

Emboli, Amphipilis, -is ( Sf). 

Embrun, Eburodunum, -i (7.). 

Emeric or Emery, Almericus, -i (m.). 

Emerita, { Emérita, - (f.); of or belong- 

Merida, ; ing to Emeriia, Emeritanus, 
-a, -um, and Emeritensis, -e. 

Emisa, Emisa or Emésa, -@ (f.) ; of or be 
longing to Emisa, Emisénus, -a, -um. 

Emma, Emma, -® (f.). 

EMMANUEL, EMMANUEL, étndecl. (m.) 

Emmaus, Emmaus, -i (f.). 

Emodus (Mount), Emédus, -i (m.), Mons 
Emddi, -orum (m.), Montes; and Emé 
des, -is (m.), Mons. 

Empedocles, Empédocles, -is (m.); Em 
pedoclean, Empedocléus, -a, -um. 

Emporia, Emporia, -orum (7.) 

Emporia, Emporie, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Emporia. Emporitanus «& 
-um. 


EPP 


Amprlum, Empulum, -i (7.). 

Ams, the, Amisia, -#, and Amusius, -ii 
(m.). 

En us, Encéladus, -i (m.). 

Endymion, Endymion, nis (m.); of or 
belonging to Endymion, Endymidnéus, 
+a, “um. 

“aaah Henéti. 

addi, 

din Jidy, } Engadda, -e (f.). 

Enghien, Angia, -@ (f.). 

Engia or Enghia, Zgina, -® (f.), q. V- 

England, Anglia, -» (f.), v. Britain; En- 
glish, Anglicus, -a, -um, and Anglica- 
nus, -a, -um; an Englishman, Anglus, 
-i(m.) ; New England, Nova Anglia (f.); 
a New Englander, Novus Anglicanus. 

Engyon, Engyon, -i (n-); of or belonging 
to Engyon, Engynus, -a, -um. 

Enipeus, Enipeus, -eos or -ei (m.). 

Enna, Enna, -# (f.); of or belonging to 
Enna, Enneus, -a, -um, and Ennen- 
sis, -€. 

Enneacrunos, Enneacrinos, -i (m.). 

Enneapolis, Enneapolis, -is (f.). 

Ennius, Ennius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Ennius, Ennianus, -a, -um. 

Ennodius, Ennddius, -ii (m.). 

Ennomus, Enndmus, -i (7.). 

Enoch, Enoch, indecl. (m.) ; sons, descend- 
ants of Enoch, Enochite, -arum (m.). 

Enos, Anos, -i (f.). 

Eniella, Entella, -« (f.); of or belonging 
to Entella, Entellinus, -a, -um. 

Entellus, Entellus, -i (m.). 

Enyo, Enyo, -ts (f.). 

Eordéa, Kordéa, -w (f.); Eordéan, Eor- 
deus, -a, -um, and Eordensis, -e. 

Epaminondas, Epaminondas, -@ (m.). 

Epaphras, Epaphras, -# (m.). 

Epaphroditus, Epaphroditus, -i (m.); of 
or relating to Epaphroditus, Ephaphro- 
ditianus, -a, -um. 

Epaphus, Epaphus, -i (m.). 

Epeans, the, Epéi, -orum (m.). 

Epenetus, Epeenétus, -i (m.). 

Eperies, Aperiascio, -onis (f.); Eperis, 
-arum (/f.). 

Epeus, Epéus, -i (m.). 

Ephesus, Ephésus, -i (f:); of Ephesus, 
Ephesian, Ephésius, -a, -um, and Ephe- 
sinus, -a, -um. 

£phialtes, Ephialtes, -z (m.). 

, rail Ephorus, -i (m.). 
jphraim, Ephraim, indecl., and Ephrai- 
mus, -i (m.). 

Ephyra, Ephyra, -, and Ephyre, -es (f.) ; 
of or belonging to Ephyra, Ephyreus, 
-a, -um, and Ephyréius, -a, -um; an in- 
habitant of Ephyra(a Corinthian), Ephy- 
réiades, -# (m.); Ephyréias, -adis ( f.). 

ene Epicharis, -is (m.). 
picharmus, Epicharmus, -i (m.); of Epi- 
charmus, Epicharmius, -a, -um. 

Epiclerus, Epiclérus, -i (m.). 

Epicnemidii, the, Epicnémidii, -orum 
(m.). 

Epicrates, Epicrates, -is (m.). 

Epictetus, Epictétus, -i (m.). 

Epicurus, Epicirus, -i (m.); of Epicurus, 
Epicurean, Epicuréus, -a, -um. 

Epidamnus, Epidamnus, -i (f.); of Epi- 
damnus, Epidamnian, Epidamnius, -a, 


um. 

Epidaurus, Epidaurus, -i (f.), and Epi- 
daurum, -i (n.); of Epidaurus, Epidau- 
rian, Epidaurius, -a, -um, and late Epi- 
dauritanus, -a, -um. 

Epidicus, Epidicus, -i (m.). 

Epigénes, Epigénes, -is (m.) 

Epigoni, the, Epigoni, -orum (m.). 

Epiménides, Epiménides, -is (m.). 

Epimetheus, Epimétheus, -d0s and-ei (m.); 
daughter of Epimetheus, Epiméthis, -idis 


(f.). 

Eelianes, Epiphanes, -is (m.). 

Epiphania, Epiphania, -@ (f.). 

Epiphanius, Epiphanius, -ii (m.). 

Epipole, Epipole, -arum (/.). 

Epirus, Epirus and Epiros, -i (f.); of or 
belonging to Epirus, Epiroticus, -a,-um, 
and Epirensis, -e ; an tnhabitant of Epi- 
rus, an Epirote, Epirétes and Epirota, 
6 (m.). 

Epona, Epona. -® ( f.). 

Epopeus, Epopeus, -eos or -ei (m.) 

Epopos, Epopos, -i (m.) 

Eporedia, Eporedia, -e (f.). 

Eppius. Eppius -ii (m). 


EST 


Epponina, Epponina, -@ (f.). 

Epytus, Epytus, -i (m.); son of Epytus, 
Epytides, - (m.). 

Erasinus, the, Erasinus, -i (m.). 

Erasistratus, Erasistratus, -i (m.). 

Erasmus, Erasmus, -i (m.). 

Erastus, Erastus, -i (m.). 

Erato, Erato, -ts (f.). 

Eratosthenes, Eratosthénes, -is (m.). 

Erbessus, Erbessus, -i (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Erbessus, Erbessensis, -€. 

Erébus, Erebus, -i (m.); of Erebus, Ere- 
béus, -a, -um. 

Erechtheus, Erechthéts, -60s or -ei (m.) ; of 
or relating to Erechtheus, Erechthéus, -a, 
-um; son or descendant of Erechtheus, 
Erechthides, -s (m.) ; daughter or female 
descendant of Erechtheus, Erechthis, 

idis. 


Eressus, Eressus, -i (f.); of or belonging 
to Eressus, Eressian, Eressius, -a, -um. 

Eretri= Erythre, q. v- 

Eretria, Eretria, - (f.); of Eretria, Ere- 
trian, Eretrius, -a, -um; Eretriensis, -e; 
and Eretrias, -atis (m., f.); the Eretri- 
ans (sect of Eretrian philosophers), Ere- 
trici, -orum (m.). 

Eretum, Erétum, -i (”.); of Eretum, Ere- 
tian, Erétinus, -a, -um. 

Erfurt, Erfordia, -w (f.). 

Ergavica, Ergavica, -@ (f.); of Ergavica, 
Ergavicensis, -e. 

Ergetium, Ergétium, -ii (n.) ; of Ergetium, 
Ergetian, Ergétinus, -a, -um. 

Erginus, Erginus, -i (m.). 

Erichtho, Erichtho, -fs (f-). 

Erichthonius, Erichthdnius, -ii (m.); of or 
derived from Erichthonius, Erichthoni- 
us, -a, -um. 

Ericinium, Ericinium, -ii (x.). 

Eridanus, the, Eridanus, -i (m-.). 

Erigone, Erigone, -es (f.); of or relating 
to Erigone, Erigonéius, -a, -um 

Erigonus, Erigodnus, -i, and Erigoun, -6nis 
(m.). 

Pe Erinna, -#, and Erinne, -es (/.). 

Erinys, Erinys, -yos (/.). 

Eriphyle, Eriphyleé, -es, and Eriphyla, -® 
(f); Of or belonging to Eriphyle, Eri- 
phyleous, -a, -um. 

Eris, Eris, -idis ( J. 

Erisichthon, Erisichthon, -dnis (m.). 

Erissi, Eressus, q. v. 

Eriza, Eriza, -® (f.); of Eriza, Erizenus, 


-a, -um. 
Erlangen, Erlanga, -® (f.). 
Ernest, Ernestus, -i (m.). 

Eros, Eros, -otis (m.). 

Erycina, v. Eryz. 

Erymanthus (Mount), Erymanthus, -i 
(m.); of Erymanthus, Erymanthian, 
Erymanthius, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., Ery- 
manthias, -ddis, and Erymanthis, -idis. 

Erymas, Erymas, -antis (m.). 


Erythra, Erythre, -arum (f-); of or relat- 
tng to Erythra, Erythrean, Erythreus, 
-8, -um. 

Eryz (Mount), Eryx, -¥cis (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to Eryz, Erycinus, -a, -um; esp. 
in fem., Erycina, as appell. of Venus.— 
2. a man’s name, Eryx, -ycis (m.). 

Esaias, Esaias, - (m.). 

Esaro, the, Aisar, -aris (m.). 

Esau, Esau, indecl., and Esavus, -{ (.). 

Escurial, Escuridcum, -i, and Escuriile, 
-is (n.). 

Esdras, Esdras, -s (m.). 

Esino, the, /Esis, -is (m.). 

Esk, the, Esca, -@ (f.). 

Eskdale, Escia, -@ (f-). 

eet Stratonicéa, -# (f-); Laodicéa, 
-e (f.). 

Espartel, Cape, Ampelusia, -@ (f-). 

Esquilia, Esquilie, -arum (f.). 

Esquiline (Mount), Esquilinus, -i (m.), 
Mons; of the Esquiline, Esquiline, Es- 
quilinus, -a, -um, and (from Esquilia) 
Esquilius, -a, -um. 

Essédones, the, Esséddnes, -um (m.); of | 
or relating to the Essedones, Essédonius, | 
a, -um. 

Esseni, the, Esseni, -orum (#.). 

Essenide, Xanthus, -i (f.). 

Essui, the, ssui, -orum (m.) 

Esvelle, Stella, - (f.). 

Esther, Esther, indecl. (f) 


Ethelstan, Ethelstanus, -i (m.). 

Ethelwald, Ethelwaldus, -i (m.). 
Ethelwold, Ethelwoldus, -i (m.). 
Ethiopia, Ethiopia, -w (f.) ; of or relating 


Erythea, Erythéa or -thia, -w (f-); of or 
relating to Erythea, Erythéus, -a, -um ; 
pecul. fem., Erythéis, -idis. 


EUR 


Estremadura, Extrema Durii or Extreme 
dura, -e (/.). 
| Esula, Esula, -e (/.). 
Eteocles, Eteocles, -is and -eos (m.); of 
relating to Eteocles, Eteocléus, -8, -Um 
Ethelbald, Ethelbaldus, -i (m.). 
| Ethelbert, Ethelbertus, -i (m.). 
Ethelfred, Ethelfredus, -i (m.). 
Ethelred, Ethelredus, -i (m.). 


to Ethiopia, Ethiopian, Aithidpius, -a, 
-um, and Athiops, -dpis; the Hthtopt 
ans, /thidpes, -um (m.). 

Ethopia, Ethopia, -# “ *,. 

Etovissa, Etovissa, & _f.). 

Etruria, Etruria, -e (f.); Tyriuenia, -e, 
and Tuscia, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Etruria, Etrurian, Etruscus, -a, -um; 
Tyrrhénicus, -a, -um; Tyrrhénus, -a 
-um; Tuscus, -a, -um; Tuscfinus, -® 
-um; and Tuscanicus, -a, -um; the 
Etrurians, Etrusci, -orum; Tusci, 
-orum; and Tyrrhéni, -orum (m.). 

Eu, Auga, -e (f.); Augium, -ii (n.). 

Eubius, Eubius, -ii (m.). 

Eubaa, Eubcea, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Eubea, Exubaean, Euboeus, -a, -um, 
and Euboicus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Ew 
bois, -idis. 

Eubulides, Hubulides, -w (m.). 

Eubulus, Eubilus, -i (m.). 

Eucheria, Euchéria, -# (f.). 

Eucherius, Euchérius, -ii (m.). 

Euclid, Euclides, -w# (m.). 

Euctus, Euctus, -i (m.). 

Eudemon, Eudemon, -dnis (m.)} 

Eudamus, udamus, -i (m.). 

Eudemus, Eudémus, -i (m.). 

Eudorus, Eudorus, -i (m.). 

Eudoses, the, Eudoses, -um (m.). 

Eudozia, Eudoxia, -w (f.). 

Eudozus, Eudoxus, -i (m.). 

Eufemia, Gulf of, Vibonensis Sinus. 

Eugene, aes tes Bs 

Bus enius, ; Eugénius, -ii (2) 

Eugenium, Eugénium, -ii (%.). 

Euhemerus, Eubémérus, -i (m.). 

Euhydrium, Euhbydrium, -ii (@.). 

Eumedes, Eumédes, -is (m.}. 

Eumelus, Eumélus, -i (m.). 

Euménes, Euménes, -is (m.); of or retas 
ing to Eumenes, Euménéticus, -a, -um 

Eumenia, Euménia, - ( f-). 

Eumenides, the, Euménides, -um (f.), ¥ 
Fury, in 1st part. 

Eumolpus, Eumolpus, -i (m.); son or de 
scendant of Eumolpus, Eumolpides, -« 
(m.) ; the descendants of Eumolpus, the 
Eumolpide (a priestly family), Eumos 
pide, -arum (m.). 

Eumolus, Eumdlus, -i (m.). 

Eunice, Eunice, -es (f.). 

Eunomus, Eundmas, -i (m.). 

Eunus, Eunus, -i (m.). 

Euodia, Euodia, -w (f.). 

Eupalium, Eupalium, -ii (”.), and Eupa 
lia, - (f.). 

Eupator, Eupator, -dris (m.). 

Euphemia, Euphemia, -#, or Euphéme, 
-e8 (f.). 

Euphorbus, Euphorbus, -i (m.). 

Euphorion, EuphGérion, -énis (m.). 

Euphranor, Euphranor, -dris (m.). 

Euphrates, the, Euphrates, -is, acc. -em and 
-en (m.); of or relating to the Euphrates, 
Euphrateus, -a, -um ; pecul. fem. in lat 
poet., Euphratis, -idis. 

Euphronius, Euphronius, -ii (m-). 

Euphrosyne, Euphrésyne, -es, and Eu 
phrésyna, -& (f.). 

Eupolemus, Eupdlémus, : \#.). 

Eupolis, Eupdlis, -idis \a.). 

Eure, the, Audura, -@ (f.). 

Euripides, Euripides, -is (m.) ; @f or relat 
ing to Euripides, Euripidean, Euripid- 
éus, -a, -um. 

Euripus, Euripus, -i (m.). 

Euromus, Eurémus, -i (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Euromus, Euromensis, -€ 

Europa, Eurdpa, -, and Eurdépé, -es ( f.,; 
of or belonging to Europa, Europeus, 
-€, -um. 

Europe, Eurdpa, -®, and Europe, -es (f.) , 
of or relating to Europe, European, 
ropseus, -€, -um, and Europensis, 
(late). 

m3 


FAL 


Europus, Eurdépus, -{ (7.) 

Eurotas, the, Eurotas, - (a.). 

Euryale, Euryale, -es ( f.). 

Euryalus, Euryalus, -i (m.). 

Euryanassa, Euryanassa, -8 (f.). 
Eurybatss, Eurybates, -is (m.). 
Eurybiades, Eurybiades, -is (m.). 
Euryclea, Euryciéa, -e (f.). 

Eurydamas, Eurydamas, -antis (m.). 
Eurydice, Eurydice, -es, and Eurydica, -@ 


(f)- 

Eurylochus, Eurylochus, -i (m.). 

Eurymachus, Eurymachus, -i (m.). 

Eurymédon, Eurymédon, -ontis (m.). 

Eurymus, Eurymus, -i (m.); son of Eury- 
mus, Eurymides, - (m.). 

Eurynome, Eurynome, -es (f.). 

Euryone, Euryone, -es (f.). 

Eurypylus, Eurypylus, -1 (m.); of Euryp- 
ylus, Eurypylis, -idis ( fem. adj.). 

Eurysthenes, Eurysthénes, -is (m.). 

Eurystheus, Eurystheus, -d0s or -6i (m.) ; 
of or relating to Eurystheus, Hurysthéus, 
“8, -um. 

Eurytion, Eurytion, -dnis (m.). 

Eurytus, Eurytus, -i (m.); daughter of 
Eurytus, Eurytis, -idis (f.). 

Eusebius, Eusébius, -ii (m.); of or relat 
ing te Eusebius, Eusebianus, -a, -um. 

Eustace, Eustachius, -ii (m.). 

Hustathius, Eustathius, -ii (m.). 

Euterpe, Euterpe, -es (f.). 

Euthycrates, Euthycrates, -is (m.). 

Eutrapélus, Eutrapélus, -i (m.). 

Eutropius, Eutropius, -ii (m.). 

Eutyches, Eutyches, -is (m.). 

Eutychides, Eutychides, -@ (m.). 

Eutychis, Eutychis, -idis (f-). 

Eutychius, Eutychius, -ii (m.). 

Ruzine, the (Sea), Euxinus, -1 (.), Pon- 
tus, and Euxinum, -i (n.), Mare; Euz- 
ine (as adj.), Euxinus, -a, -um. 

Eva, v. Eve. 

Evadne, Evadne, -es (f.). 

Evagoras, Evagoras, -® (m.). 

Evagrus, Evagrus, -i (im.). 

Evan, Evan, -antis (m.). 

Evander, Evander, -dri, and Evandrus, -4 
(m.); of or relating to Evander, Evan- 
drius, -a, -um. 

Evanthia, Evanthia, -@ (f.). 

Evanthius, Evanthius, -ii (m.). 

Eve, Eva, -@ (f.). 

Evenor, Evénor, -6ris (m.). 

Evenus, the, Evénus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
tng to the Evenus, Evéninus, -a, -um. 

Everard, Everardus, -i (m.). 

Evora, Ebora, - (f.). 

Evreuz, Eborica, -® (f.); Ebroics, -arum 
¢ F): of Evreuz, Ebroicensis, -e. 

kx, the, Isca, - (f.). 

Exadius, Exiadius, -ii (m.). 


bezéchias, -6 (m.). 


Exechiel, Ezachiel, -élis (m.). 
Ezra, Ezra, -#, or Esdras, -w (.). 


F. 


Fabaris, the, Fabaris, -is (m.). 

Fabatus, Fabatus, -i (m.). 

Faberius, Faberius, -li (m.); of or relating 
to Faberius, Faberianus, -a, -um. 

risen } Pabianus, -i (m.). 

Fabius, Fabius, -ii (m.); of Fabius, Fabi- 
an, Fabius, -a, -um, and Fabianus, -a, 
-um ; the Fabii, Fabii, -orum (m.). 

Fabrateria, Fabrateria, -~ (f.), of or re- 
lating to Fabrateria, Fabraternus, -a, 


-um. 

Fabricius, Fabricius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Fabricius, Fabrictan, Fabricius, 
-a, -um, and Fabricianus, -a, -um. 

Fabuila, Fabulla, -® (f.). 

Fabullus, Fabullus, -i (m.). 

Fadia, Fadia, -@ (f.). 

Fadius, Fadius, -ii (m.). 

Faenza, Faventia, -® (f.), q. V- 

Fasule, Fesile, -arum, ard Feesila, - 
(f.); of or belonging to Fesula, Fesu- 
Janus, -a, -um. 

sap eal, Fagital, -flis (n.); of or belong- 

ng to the Faguta!l, Fagutalis, -e. 

bedhait Enlcarum Vadum, -i (n-). 

4 


i 


eT 


£LA 


Faith, Fides, -ei (f.). 

Faicidius, Falcidius, -ii (m.) ; 9f Faictdiue, 
Falcidius, -a, -um, and Falcidianus, -a, 
-um., 

Falérii, Falérii, -orum (m.); of Falerii, 
Falerian, Faliscus, -a,-um; Faleriensis, 
-e; and Falerionensis, -e. 

Falernian, Falernus, -a, -um; the Faler- 
nian wine, vinum Falernum; the Faler- 
nian district, Falernus ager. 

Falmouth, Voliba, -® (f.); Cenionis Os- 
tia, -orum (7.). 

Famieh, Apaméa, -@ (f.), Syriz. 

Farnius, Fannius, -ii (m.); of Fannius, 
Fannius, -a, -um, and Fannianus, -a, -um. 

Farfa, the, Farfarus, -i, or Fabaris, -is 

Farfarus, i (m.). 

Farnham, Vindomum, -i (n.). 

Faro di Messina, Sictlum Fretum (n.). 

Farsa, Pharsalus, -i (f-). 

Faunus, Faunus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Faunus, Faunius, -a, -um; son or de 
scendant of Faunus, Faunigéna, -@ (m.). 

Fausta, Fausta, -w (f.). 

austicnus, Faustianus, -i (m.). 

Faustina, Faustina, -% (f.). 

Faustinus, Faustinus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Faustinus, Faustinianus, -a, -um. 

Faustulus, Faustiilus, -i (m.). 

Faustus, Faustus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Faustus, Faustianus, -a, -um. 

Faventia, Faventia, -e (f.); of or relat- 
ing to Faventia, Faventinus, -a, -um. 

Faveria, Faveria, -@ (f.). 

Favonius, Favonius, -li (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Favonius, Favonianus, -a, -um 

Favorinus, Favorinus, -i (m.). 

Tayal, Insula Fagilis. 

Felicia, Felicia, - (f.) 

Felicitas, Felicitas, -atis ¢ f.) 

Feliz, Felix, -icis (m.). 

Felsina, Felsina, - (f.). 

Fenestella, Fenestella, - (m.), a man’s 
name.—2. ( f.) a gate of Rome. 

Ferdinand, Ferdinandusg, -i (.). 

Ferentina, Ferentina, -« ( f.). 

Ferentinum, Ferentinum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Ferentinum, Ferentinensis, 
-e; the inhabitants of Ferentinum, Fe- 
rentinates, -um or -ium (s.), and Fe- 
rentini, -orum (m.). 

Fermo, Firmum, -i (7.), q. v. 

Feronia, Feronia, - (f-). 

Ferrara, Ferrara, - ( f.); of Ferrara, Fer- 
rariensis, -e. 

Fescennia, Fescennia, -® (f.); of or be 
longing to Fescennia, Fescenninug, -a, 
-um, 

Festus, Festus, -i (m.). 

Fez, Fessa, -» (f.); the kingdom of Fez, 
Fessanum Regnum. 

Fezzan, Phazania, - (f.); the inhabitants 
of Fezzan, Phazanii, -orum (m.). 

Fibrenus, the, Fibrénus, -i (m.). 

Ficulnea, Ficulnea or Ficulea, -@ (f-) ; of 
or belonging to Ficulnea, Ficulensis, -e, 
and Ficulnensis, -e; the inhabitants of 
Ficulnea, Ficuleaites and Ficulenses, 
-ium (m.). 

Fidari, the, Evénus, -i (m.). 

Fidena, Fidéna, -, and Fidéns, -arum 
(f.); of or belonging to Fidena, Fidé- 
nas, -atis. 

Fidentia, Fidentia, -» (f.); of Fidentia, 
Fidentinus, -a, -um. 

Fidius, Fidius, -ii (m.). 

Fiesole, Fsule, -arum (f.). 

Figulus, Figilus, -i (m.). 

Filibe, Philippdpdlis, -is (f.). 

Fimbria, Fimbria, - (m.); of or relating 
to Fimbria, Fimbrianus, -a, -um. 

Finisterre, Cape, Artabrum, -i (n.), Pro- 
montorium. 

Finland, Finn6nia, -» (f.); Finnia, -» 
(f.); of Finland, Finnish, Finnicus, -a, 
-um; the Finns, Fenni, -orum (m.). 

Firmicus, Firmicus, -i (m.). 

Firmius, Firmius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Firmius, Firmianus, -a, -um. 


Firmum, Firmum, -i (n.); of or belong. | 


ing to Firmum, Firmanus, -8, -um. 
Flaccus, Flaccus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Flaccus, Flaccianus, -a, -um. 
Flamen, Flamen, -inis (m.). 
Flaminia, Flaminia, -@ (f.). 
Flamininus, Flamininus, -i (m.). 
Flaminius, Flaminius, -ii (m.); of or re- 
lating to Flaminis, Flaminius, -a, -um. 
Flanates, the, Flanates, -um (m.); of or re- 





FRE 


lating to the Flanates, Flanaticus, -« 
-um. 

Flanders, Flandria, -w (f.), of Flanders 
Flemish, Flandricus, -a, -um. 

Flavia, Flavia, -e (f.). 
avianus, wine z 

eae { Flavianus, -i (m.). 

Flavina, Flavina, -& (f.); of Flavina, Fle 
vinian, Flavinius, -a, -um. 

Flavinus, Flavinus, -i (m.). 

Flaviopolis, Flavidpdlis, -is (f.), of or re 
lating to Flaviopolis, Flaviopdliténus, 
-a, -um. 

Flavius, Flavius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Flavius, Flavian, Blind 8, -Um, 
and Flavianus, -a, -um. 

Flensburg, Flendpilis, -is (f.); Flensbur- 
gia, -e (f.). 

Fleury, Floriacum, -i (n.). 

Flevo, Flevo, -dnis (m.). 

Flevum, Flévum, -i (n.). 

Flora, Flora, -@ (f.); of or belonging t 
Flora, Florilis, -e. 

Florens, Florens, -entis (#.). 

Florence, Florentia, - (f.), a city; of or 
belonging to Florence, Florentine, Flo- 
rentinus, -a, -um, and Florentius, -a,-um. 
—2. a female name. 

Florentinus, Florentinus, -i (m.). 

Florentius, Florentius, -ii (m.). 

Florian, Florianus, -i (m.). 

Florida, Florida, -® (f.); of Florida, Flo 
ridensis, -e. 

Floronia, Floroénia, -@ (f.). 

Florus, Fldrus, -i (m.). 

Flushing, Flessinga, -w (f.). 

Fochia, Phocea, -@ (f.). 

Folia, Folia, - (f.). 

Fondi, Fundi, -orum (m.). 

Fontainebleau, Fons Bellaqueus (m.) ; Bel- 
lofontanum, -i (n.). 

Fontaines, Fontes, -ium (m.). 

Fonteia, Fonteia, - (f.). 

Fonteius, Fonteius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Fonteius, Fonteius, -a, -um, and Fon- 
teianus, -a, -um. 

Fontenellas, Fontanella, -@ (f.). 

Foquit, Fochium, -ii (7). 

Forentum, a Re -i (n.); of or be 

Forenza, longing to Forentum, Fo- 
renténus, -a, -um. 

Formia, Formim, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Formia, Formi&nus, -a, -um. 

Formianus, Formianus, -i (m.). 

Formosa, Formésa, - ( f.)- 

Forth (the Frith of), Bodotris stuari 
um. 

Fortore, the, Frento, -onis (s.). 

Fortuna, Fortina, -# (f.). 

Fortunate Islands, Fortunate Insule 
-arum (f.). 

Fortunatus, Fortunatus, -1 (#.). 

Foruli, Forili, -orum (m.); of or belong. 
ing to Foruli, Forulanus, -a, -um. 

Fosi, the, Fosi, -orum (m.). 

Fossa, Fossa, -® (f.). 

Fossano, Fossanum, -i (%.). 

Fossius, Fossius, -ii (m.). 

Fossombrone, Forum Sempronii (#.). 

Forz Island, Alopeconnesus, -i ( f.). 

France, Gallia, -» (f.), in class. Lat. 
Francia, - (f.), im very late Lat.; the 
inhabitants of France, the French, Galli, 
-orum (m.); in late Lat., Franci, -oram 
(m.); French, of or belonging to France, 
Gallicus, -a, -um, and Gallicanus, 
-um ; in late Lat., Francus, -a, -um, 
Francicus, -a, -um. 

Frances, Francesca, -® (f.). 

Francis, Franciscus, -i (m.). 

Franconia, Franconia, -® (f.). 

Frango, Frango, -onis (m.). 

Frankfort, Francofurtum, -i (#.). 

Frascati, Tusculum, -i (7.). 

Frederic, Fridericus, -i (m.). 

Fredericksburg, Fridericoburgum, -i (#.). 

Fredericktown, Fridericopdlis, -is (f.). 

Fregella, Frégelle, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Fregelle, Fregellinus, -®& 


-um. 

Frejus, Forum Julii (n.); of Frejus, Fo 
rojuliensis, -e. 

Frentani, the, Frentani, -orum (#s.); of o7 
concerning the Frentani, Frentanus, -a 


-um. 
Frento, the, Frento, -onis (m.). 


| Fresilia, Fresilia, -e (f.)- 


Freyberg, Freyberga, -@ (f.). 
Freyburg, Freyburgum, -{ (#.) 





GAL 


frusland, Frisia, -w (f.); East Friesland, 
Frisia Orientalis ; West Friesland, Fris- 
ia Occidentalis. 

Frisii, the, Frisii, -orum (m.) ; of the Fris- 
ti, Frisian, Frisianus, -a, -um. 

Frontinus, Frontinus, -i (m.). 

Fronto, Fronto, -dnis (m.); of or relating 
to Fronto, Frontonianus, -a, -um. 

Frisino, Frisino, -6nis (f.); of or re 

Frusinone, i lating to Frusino, Frusi- 
nas, -atis (adj.). 

Fucinus (Lake), Fucinus, -i (m.), Lacus. 


Fuego (Tierra del), Insula Ignis or Igni- | 


um. 
Fuffetius, Faffetius, -ii (m.). 


Fujidius, Fufidius, -ii (m.); of or relating 


to Fufidius, Fufidianus, -a, -um. 

Fufius, Fufius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Fufius, Fufius, -a, -um. 

Fulcinius, Fulcinius, -ii (m.). 

Fuld, Fulda, -e (f.); of Fuld, Fulden- 


sis, -€. 
‘ula, Fulfil, -arum (f.). 
entius, Fulgentius, -ii (m.). 
Fulginia, Fulginia, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
to Fulginia, Fulginas, -atis (adj.). 
no, Fulginium, -ii (n.). 
Fulco, -6nis (m.). 
Fulvia, Fulvia, -w (f.). 
Fulvius, Fulvius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Fulvius, Fulvianus, -a, -um. 
Fundanius, Fundanius, -ii (m.), of or 
concerning Fundanius, Fundanianus, 
-a, -um. 
Fundi, Fundi, -orum (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Fundi, Fundanus, -a, -um. 
Funen, Fionia, -w (/f.). 
Furina, Furina, -w (f.); of or relating to 
Furina, Furinilis, -e. 
Furius, Furius, -ii (m.). 
Furnius, Furnius, -ii (m.). 
Fuscinus, Fuscinus, -i (m.). 
Fuscus, Fuscus, -i (™.) 
Fusius, Fusius, -ii (m.). 


G. 


@aba, Gaba, -w, and Gabe, -es (f.). 

Gabala, Gabala, -~, and Gabale, -es ( f.). 

Gabdali, the, Gabali, -orum (m.); of or re 
lating to the Gabali, Gabalicus, -a, -um, 
and late Gabalitanus, -a, -um. 


Gabaon, Gabaon, indecl. (f.); of or be- | 


longing to Gabaon, Gabaoniticus, -a, 
-um; an inhabitant of Gabaon, Gabao- 
nites, -a* (m.). 

Gabba, Gabba, -w (m.). 

Gabellus, the, Gabellus, -i (m.). 

Gabienus, Gabienus, -i (m.). 

Gabii, Gabii, -orum (m.); of Gabii, Ga- 
bine, Gabinus, -a, -um; Gabinianus, -a, 
-um; and Gabiensis, -e. 

Gabinia, Gabinia, -® (/.). 

Gabinius, Gabinius, -ii (m.). 

Gabriel, Gabriel, indecl., and Gabriel, 
-élis (m.). 

Gadara, Gadara, -orum (7.). 

Gades, Gades, -ium ( f.); of Gades, Gadi- 
tanus, -a, -um. 

Gaeta, Caiéta, -2 (f-), 4g. v. 

Gauwulia, Geetulia, -# ( f.) ; of Gatulia, Ge- 


tulian, Geetulicus, -a, -um, and Getilus, | 


-a, “um. 

Gaius, Gaius, -ii (m.). 

ee b the Galesus, -i (m.). 

Galanthis, Galanthis, -idis (f.). 

Galata, the, Galate, -arum (m.). 

?rlatea, Galatéa, -e (f.). 

atia, Galatia, -e (f.); Gallogreecta, -~ 

(f.); of or belonging to Galatia, Gala- 
tian, Galaticus, -a, -um; the Galatians, 
Galate, -arum (m.); Gallogreci, -orum 


‘m.). 

Galba, Galba, -e (m.); of or relating to 
Galba, Galbianus, -a, -um. 

Galen, Galénus, -i (m.). 

Galepsus, Galepsus, -i (f.). 

Galeria, Galeria, -@ (f.). 

Galerius, Galerius, -ii (m.); of Galertus, 
Galerian, Galerius, -a, -um. 

Galesus, v. Galesus. 

Galicia, Gallwcia, -e (f.); Galician, Gal- 
lecug, -a, -um, Gallaicus, -a, -um. 

Galilee, Galilwa, -w (f.); of or belongi 
to Galilee, Galileus, -a, -um; Sea of 
Galilee, Gennésaras, - (m.), Lacus, or 
Tiberiadis Lacus; v. also Gennesareth. 

Balla, Galla, -# (f) 








GER 


Gallia, vy. Gaul. 

Galliena, Galliena, -# (f.). 

Gallienus, Gallienus, -i (m.). 

Gallina, Gallina, -# (m.). 

Gallio, Gallio, -onis (m.). 

Gallipoli, Callipolis, -is (f,). 

Gailius, Gallius, -ii (m.). 

Gallonius, Gallonius, -li (m.). 

Gallus, Gallus, -i (m.). 

Galway, Galliva, -w (f.). 

Gamaliel, Gamaliel, indecl., and Gamaiiel, 
-6lis (m.). 

Ganges, the, Ganges, -is and -w (m.); of 
or relating to the Ganges, Gangéticus, 
-a, -um; pecul. fem., Gangétis, -idis. 

Ganymedes, Ganymédes, -is (m.); of Gany- 
mede, Ganymeédéus, -a, -um. 

Gaps, Tacape, -es (f.). 

Garamantes, the, Garamantes, -um (m.); 
of or relating to the Garamantes, Gara- 
manticus, -a, -um; pecul. fem. Gara- 
mantis, -idis. 

Garda (Lago di), Benacus, -i (m.), Lacus. 

Garganus (Mount), Garganus, -i (m.), 
Mons; of Garganus, Garganus, -a, -um. 

Gargaphia, Gargaphia, -« and -phie, -es 
(f)- 

Gargara, Gargara, -orum (n.); of or re- 
lating to Gargara, Gargaricus, -a, -um. 

Gargettus, Gargettus, -i (m.); of Garget- 
tus, Gargettian, Gargettius, -a, -um. 

Gargilius, Gargilius, -ii (m.); of Gargili- 
us, Gargilianus, -a, -um. 

Garigliano, the, Liris, -is (m.). 

Garonne, the, Garumna, -@ (m.); of or re- 
lating to the Garonne, Garumnicus, -a, 
-um. 

Gascony, Vasconia, -@ (f.). 

Gateshead, Gabrosentum, -i (n.). 

Gath, Geth, indecl. (f.); of or belonging 
to Gath, Gethzeus, -a, -um. 

Gaul, Gallia, - (f.); of Gaul, Gallic, Gal- 
licus, -a, -um, and Gallicanus, -a, -um; 
the Gauls, Galli, -orum (m.). 

Gaurus (Mount), Gaurus, -i (m.); of or 
relating to Mount Gaurus, Gaurdnus, 
-a, -um. 

Gavius, Gavius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Gavius, Gavianus, -a, -um. 

Gaza, Gaza, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Gaza, Gazanus, -a, -um, and Gazaticus, 
-a, -um ; the inhabitants of Gaza, Gazei, 
-orum; Gazani, -orum; and Gazatez, 
-arum (m.). 

Gedrosia, Gedrdésia, -# (f.); of or con- 
cerning Gedrosia, Gedrosius, -8, -um. 

Geganius, Geganius, -ii (m.). 

Geiduni, the, Geiduni, -orum (m.). 

Gela, Géla, -# (f.), a city; of Gela, Gela- 
nus, -a, -um, and Geloéus, -a, -um; the 
inhabitants of Gela, Gelenses, -ium (m.). 
—2. Géla or Gélas, -w (m.), a river. 

Gelduba, Gelduba, -# (f.). 

Gellia, Gellia, - (f.). 

Gellius, Gellius, -ii (m.). 


| Gelon, Gélo, -dnis (m.). 


Geloni, the, Geloni, -orum (m.) ; of the Ge- 
loni, Geloénus, -a, -um. 

Gemeilla, Gemella, -# (f.). 

Geminius, Geminius, -ii (m.). 

Geminus, Geminus, -i (7.). 

Genabum, Genabum, -i (n.), and Genabus, 
-i (f.); of or belonging to Genabum, 
Genabensis, -e. 

Genauni, the, Genauni, -orum, and Ge- 
naunes, -um (m.). 


| Genesius, Genesius, -ii (m.). 


Geneva, Genéva, -e (f.); Augusta Allo- 
brogum ; of or belonging to Geneva, 
Genevensis, -e; Lake of Geneva, Lacus 
Lemanus. 

Gennadius, Gennadius, -ii (m.). 

Gennesareth, Gennésar and Gennesareth, 
indecl. ( f.); the inhabitants of Gennesa- 
reth, Gennesaréni, -orum (m.); Lake of 
Gennesareth, Lacus Gennésar, indecl., 
and Gennesaras, -® (m.), ¥. sub Galilee. 

Genoa, v. Genua. 

Gentia, Gentia, -x (f.). 

Gentius, Gentius, -ii (m.). 

Genua, AG - (f.); of or belonging 

Genoa, to Genua, Genuensis, -€, and 
Genuas, -atis; Gulf of Genoa, Sinus 
Ligusticus. 

Genucius, Genucius, -ii (m.). 

Genusus, Geniisus, -i (™.). 

Georgia, Georgia, -e (f.). 

Georgius, Georgius, -ii (™.). 

Gera, Gera, -@® (f.). 


GOR 


Gerestus, Gerwestus, -i (f.). 

Gerania, Gerania, -@ (/.) 

Gerard, Gerarduz, -i (m.). 

Gergenti, v. Girgenti. 

Gergithus, Gergithus, -i (f.). 

Gergovia, Gergovia, -# ( f.). 

Germalus, Germalus, -i (m.). 

Germanicus, Germanicus, -i ‘m.). 

Germany, Germania, -® (f.); of or reves 
ing to Germany or the Germans, Ger 
manicus, -a, -um, and Germanus, -@ 
-um; the Germans, Germani, -orum 
Alemanni, -orum (m.). 

Geronium, Geroénium, -ii (7.). 

Gerontia, Gerontia, -# (f-). 

Gerrha, Gerrha, -orum (%.). 

Gertrude, Gertruda, -# (f.). 

Geryon, Géryon, -dnis, and Geryones, -@ 
(m.); of or relating to Geryon, Gery 
dnéus, -a, -um. 

Gessoriacum, Gessoriacum, -i (n.); of oF 
belonging to Gessoriacum, Gessoriacus, 
-a, -um. 

Geta, the, Géte, -arum (m.) ; of or belong: 
ing to the Geta, Geticus, -a, -um; and 
pecul. masc., Gétes, -e. In sing. usual 
as name of a slave, Géta. - (m.). 

Geth, v. Gath. 

Getone, Getone, -es ( f.). 

Ghent, Ganda, -# (f.), ond Gandavum, 4 
(n.); of Ghent, Gendavensis, -e. 

Gibraltar, Calpe, -es ( f.) ; Strait of Gibral 
tar, Fretum Herculeum, or Gaditanum 

Gideon, Gedeon, -dnis (m.). 

Gilbert, Gilbertus, -i (m.). 

Gildo, Gildo, -dnis (m.); of or relating t 
Gildo, Gildonicus, -a, -um. 

Giles, AZgidius, -ii (m.). 

Gillian, Juliana, -@ (f,). 

Girgenti, Agrigentum, -i (n.), q. V- 

Gisgo, Gisgo, -onis (m.). 

Glabdrto, Glabrio, -dnis (m.). 

Glamorganshire, Glamorgania, -# (f.) 

Glaphyrus, Glaphyrus, -i (m.). 

Glasgow, Glascovium, -ii (”.). 

Glastonbury, Glastonia, -w (f.). 

Glauce, Glauce, -es (f-). 

Glaucia, Glaucia, -® (m.). 

Glaucio, Glaucio, -dnis (m.). 

Glaucippus, Glaucippus, -i (™.) 

Glaucus, Glaucus, -i (m.). 

Globulus, Globiilus, -i (m.). 

Glogau, Glogavia, -# (f.). 

Gloucester, Glocestria, -e (f.). 

Glycera, Glycéra, -w (f.). 

Glycerium, Glycérium, -ii (f.). 

Glycerius, Glycérius, -ii (m.). 

Glycon, Gl¥con, -onis (m.) ; of or relating 
to Glycon, Glyconius, -a, -um. 

Gnatho, Gnatho, -6nis (m.). 

Gnatia, v. Egnatia. 

Gnidus, v. Cnidus. 

Gnipho, Gnipho, -dnis (m.) 

Gnosus, v. Cnosus. 

Godard, Godardus, -i (m.). 

Godesberg, Ara Ubiorum. 

Godfrey, Gothofredus, -i, and Godfridus, 
-i (m.). 

Godwin, Godwinus, -i (m.). 

Golgi, Golgi, -orum (7.). 

Golgotha, Golgotha, tndecl. (m.). 

Golconda, Golconda, -# (f.); Dachinaba- 
des, -is (f.). 

Goliath, Goliath, indecl., and Gélias, -» 
(m.). 

Gomorrha, Gomorrha, -® (f.); Gomor 
rhum, -i (n.); of or belonging to Go- 
morrha, Gomorrheus, -8, -um. 

Gomphi, Gomphi, -orum (m.) ; the inkabit- 
ants of Gomphi, Gomphenses, -ium (m.). 

Gonni, Gonni, -orum (m.), and Gonnus, 4 


(m.). 

ood Hope (Cape of ), Promontorium Bo 
ne Spei. 

Gophnitica, Gophnitica, -@ (f-). 

Gordian, Gordianus, -i (m.). 

Gordium, Gordium, -ii (”.). 

Gordius, Gordius, -ii (m.). 

Gorduni, the, Gorduni, -orum (.). 

Gorge, Gorge, -es (f.). 

Gorgias, Gorgias, - (m.). . 

Gorgon, a, Gorgon or Gorgo, -dnis (fi 
the Gorgons, Gorgones, -um; of or re 
lating to the Gorgons, Gorgénéus, -@, 


um. 

Gorgonius, Gorgonius, -ii (m.). 

Gorlitz, Gorlitium, -ii (7.). 

Gortyn, Gortys or Gortyn,-ynis, and Gor 
tyra, -@ (f.); Gortyne, -es P ; af Gor 


RAB 


tyn, Gortyntan, Gortyniaécus, -a, -um, 
and Soatyains, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., Gor- 
tynis, -idis. 

Gotha, Gotha, -e (f.); of Gotha, Gotha- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Goths, the, Gothi, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Goths, Gothic, Gothicus, 
-a, -um; the country of the Goths, Goth- 
land, Gothia, -® (f.). 

Gottingen, Gottinga, -» (f.). 

Gozo, Gaulos, -i (f.). 

G@racchus, Gracchus, -i (m.); the Gracchi, 
Gracchi, -orum (m.); of or relating to 
the Gracchi, Gracchanus, -a, -um. 

Grace, Gratia, -w (f-.); the Graces, Gratis, 
-arum, and Charites, -um (f.). 

Grecinus, Grecinus, -i (m.). 

Gramont, Grandimontium, -ii (7.). 

Grampian (Hills), Grampius, -ii (m.), Mons. 

Granada, Granata, -w (f.); of Granada, 
Granatensis, -e. 

Grandio, Grandio, -6nis (m.). 

Grane, Grane, -es (f.). 

Granicus, the, Granicus, -i (m.). 

Granius, the, Granius, -ii (m.). 

Granta, the, v. Cam. 

Gratian, Gratianus, -i (m.). 

‘ratianopolis, Gratianopolis, -is (f.); of 
or belonging to Gratianopolis, Gratian- 
opolitanus, -a, -um. 

Gratidianus, Gratidianus, -i (m.). 

Gratidius, Gratidius, -ii (m.). 

Gratius, Gratius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Gratius, Gratianus, -a, -um. 

Graius, Gratus, -i (m.). 

Gravesend, Gravescenda, -@ (f.). 

Gravisce, Gravisce, -arum, and less usual, 
Gravisca, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Gravisce, Graviscanus, -a, -um., 

Greece, Grecia, -e (f.) ; Hellas, -adis ( f.); 
of or belonging to Greece, Greek, Gre- 
cian, Greecus, -a, -um; later or iess 
usual, Grecanicus, -a, -um; Graius, -a, 
um; Greciensis, -e; and Helladicus, 
-a, -um,; the Greeks, Heliénes, -um, and 
Greci, -orum (m.). 

Greenwich, Gronaicum, -i, and Grenovi- 
cum, -i (7.). 

Gregorian, Grégorianus, -i (m.). 

Gregory, Grégorius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Gregory, Gregorian, Gregoria- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Greifswald, Gryphiswalda, -e (f.). 

Grenoble, Gratianodpolis, -is (f.). 

Griffith, Griffithius, -ii (m.). 

Grinnes, Grinnes, -ium (f.). 

Gréningen, Groninga, -@ (f.). 

Grosphus, Grosphus, -i (m.). 

Grudit, the, Grudii, -orum (m.). 

Grumentum, Grumentum, -i (7.) ; of or be- 
longing to Grumentum, Grumentinen- 
sis, -e. 

Grunium, Grunium, -ii (7.). 

Gryllus, Gryllus, -i (m.). 

Grynia, Grynia, -e (f.); Grynium, -ii (”.) ; 
of Grynia, Grynean, Grynéus, -a, -um. 

Guadalquivir, the, Bastis, -is (m.). 

Guadalviar, the, Durias, -~, and Turia, -e 
(m.). 

Guadiana, the, Anas, -# (m.). 

Guardafui, Cape, ArOmata (n.), Promun- 
torium. 

Gubbio, Eugubium, -ii (n.). 

Guienne, Aquitania, -w (f.), q. Vv. 

Guilford, Gilfordia, -« (f.). 

Guinea, Guinea, -w (f.). 

Gulussa, Gulussa, -# (m.). 

Gutta, Gutta, -# (m.). 

Guy, Guido, -onis (m.). 

Gyarus, Gyarus or Gyaros, -i (f.). 

Gyas, Gyas or Gyes, -# (m.). 

Gyges, Gyges, -® (m.); of or relating to 
Gyges, Gygeus, -a, -um. 

Gylippus. Gylippus, -i (m.). 

Gymnesiz, the, Gymnésia, -arum (f.), in- 
sule; an inhabitant of the Gymnesia, 
Gymnes, -étis (m.). 

G@yndes, the, Gyndes, -t (m.). 

@yrton, Gyrton, -dnis, and Gyrténa, -® (f.). 

Gythium, Gythéum or Gythium, -ii (7.); 
of or belonging to Gythium, Gytheates, 
-8 (m.). 

Gythius, the, Gythius, -ii (m.). 


HE. 


@aarlem, v. Harlem. 
Mabakuk, Habacuc or Abacuc, indecl. (m.). 
pateves es: Habsburga, -@ (f.). 

6 


HEB 


Hadatngton, Hadina, -w ( f.). 

Hadersleben, Haderslebia, -s ( f.). 

Hadria, Hadria, -@ (f.); of or relating to 
Hadria, Hadriacus, -a, -um ; Hadrianus, 
-€, -um; and Hadriaticus, -a, -wm; the 
Hadriatic Sea, v. Adriatic. 

Hadrian, Hadrianus, -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
ing to Hadrian, Hadrianus, -a, -um, and 
Hadrianilis, -e. 

Hadrumetum, v. Adrumetum. 

Hemon, Hemon, -dnis (m.). 

Hemonia, Hemonia, -® ( f.) ; of Hemonia, 
Hemonius, -a, -um. 

Hemus, Hemus, -i (m.). 

Hagar, Hagar, -aris (f.). 

Hagna, Hagna, -«@ (f.). 

Hagnius, Hagnius, -ii (m.); son of Hag- 
nius, Hagniades, -z (m.). 

Hague, Haga Comitum. 

Halesa, Halesa, -we (f.); of Halesa, Ha- 
lesian, Halesinus, -a, -um. 

Halesus, Halesus, -i (m.). 

Halcyone, v. Alcyéne. 

Hales, the, Hales, -étis (m.). 

Haliacmon, the, Haliacmon, -dnis (m.). 

Haliartus, Haliartus, -i (f.), of Haliartus, 
Haliartius, -a, -um. 

Halicarnassus, Halicarnassus, -i (f.); of 
or belonging to Halicarnassus, Halicar- 
Dasséus, -a, -um, and Halicarnassen- 
sis, -e. 

Halius, Halius, -ii (m.). 

Halle, Hala, -# (f.), or Hala Saxdénum. 

Halmydessus, Halmydessus, -i ( f.). 

Halone, Haloéne, -es (f.). 

Halonesus, Halonésus, -i ( f.). 

Halus, Halus or Halos, -i (f.). 

Halys, the, Halys, -yos (m.). 

Ham, Hametum, -i (n.).—2. (m.) v. Cham. 

Hamadan, Ecbatana, -orum (n.). 

Hame, Hame, -arum (/f.). 

Haman, Haman, indeel., and -anis (m.). 

Hamazobit, the, Hamaxobii, -orum (m.). 

Hamburg, Hamburgum, -i (n.); of _Ham- 
burg, Hamburgensis, -e. 

Hamilcar, Hamilcar, -aris (m.). 

Hampton, Hamptonia, - (f.); of _Hamp- 
ton, Hamptoniensis, -e. 

Hampshire, Hanonia, -® (f.); Hamptoni- 
ensis Comitatus: New Hampshire, Nova 
Hanonia. 

Hannah, Anna, - (f.). 

Hannibal, Hannibal, -alis (m.). 

Hanno, Hanno, -dnis (m.). 

Hanover, Hanovera, -® (f.); Hanoverian, 
Hanoveranus, -a, -um. 

Harfleur, Harfievium, -ii (n.)- 

Harlem, Harlemum, -i (n.). 

Harman or Herman, Hermannus, «i (#.). 

Harmodius, Harmodius, -ii (m.). 

Harmonia, Harmonia, -@ (f.). 

Harmonius, Harmonius, -ii (sm.). 

Harold, Haroldus, -i (m.). 

Harpagus, Harpagus, -i (m.). 

Harpalus, Harpalus, -i (m.). 

Harpalyce, Harpilyce, -es (f.). 

Harpalycus, Harpalycus, -i (m.) 

Harpasus, the, Harpasus, -i (m.); of the 
Harpasus, Harpasides, -s (m.). 

Harpaz, Harpax, -acis (m.). 

Harpocrates, Harvocrates, -is (m.). 

Harpocration, Harpocration, -onis (m.). 

Harpy, a, Harpyia, -@ (f.); usually in 
plural, the Harpies, Harpyie, -arum. 

Hartford, Vadum Cervinum (n.); Har- 
fordia, -e ( Fi of or relating to Hart- 
ford, Harfordiensis, -e. 

Harwich, Harvicum, -i (n.). 

Harz Forest, Hercynia Silva 

Hasdrubal, Hasdrubal, -alis (m.). 

Hastings, Hastings, -arum (f.). 

Hatford, Hatfordia, -w (f.). 

Haterius, Haterius, -ii (m.). 

Havana, Havanna, -e (f.); Fanum St. 
Christophori. 

Havre, Havrea, -@ (f.). 

Havre de Grace, Gratis Portus; Caracoti- 
num, -i (7.). 

Hebata, Hebata, -x (f.). 

Hebe, Hébé, -es (f.). 

Hebrews, the, Hebrei, -orum (m.); of or 
relating to the Hebrews, Hebrew, Hebre- 
us, -a, -um, and Hebraicus, -a, -um. 

Hebrides, the, Ebides, -um, or Ebiada, 
-armmm (/f.), Insule. 

Hebron, Hebron, indecl. (m.), a man’s 
name; sons or descendants of Hebron, 
Hebronites, Hebronite, -arum (s.).—2, 
(f.) @ city. 


HER 


Hebrus, the, Hevrus, -i (m.). 

Hecabe, Hecabe, -es ( f.). 

Hecale, Hecile, -es (f-). 

Hecateus, Hecatseus, -i (m.). 

Hecate, Hecate, -es (f.); of or relating we 
Hecate, Hecateus and Hecatéius, -a 
-um ; pecul. fem., Hecatéis, -idis. 

Hecato, Hecato, -dnis (m.). 

Hecatompylos, Hecatompylos, -i (f.). 

Hector, Hector, -oris (m.); of or relating 
to Hector, Hectorian, Hectoreus, -a, -um 

Hecuba, Heciiba, -w, and Hecibe, -es ( f* 

Hecyra, Hecyra, -w (f.). 

Hedymeles, Hedyméles, -is (m.). 

Hegeas, Hegeas, -@ (m.). 

Hegesias, Hegésias, -t (m.). 

Hegesilochus, Hegesilochus, -i (m.). 

Heidelberg, Heidelberga, -w (f.). 

Helen, Heléna, -w ( f.). 

Helena, Heléna, -w (f.). 

Helenius, Helénius, -ii (m.). 

Helenor, Helénor, -6ris (m.). 

Helenus, Helénus, -i (m.). 

Helernus, Helernus, -i (m.). 


Helicaon, Helicaon, -onis (m.); of Helica’ 


on, Helicaonius, -a, -um. 

Helice, Helice, -es (f.). 

Helico, Helico, -onis (m.). 

Helicon, Hélicon, -dnis (m.) ; of or belong 
ing to Helicon, Heliconius, -a, -um; pe 
cul. fem., Heliconis, -idis, and Helicé 
nias, -ddis; in plural (of the Muses), 
Heliconides and Heliconiades, -um. 

Heligoland, Insula Sancta (f.). 

Helimus, Helimus, -i (m.). 

Heliodorus, Heliodorus, -i (m.). 

Heliogabalus, Heliogabalus, -i (t.,. 

Heliopolis, Heliopolis, -is ( f.) ; of or relat 
ing to Heliopolis, Heliopolitanus, -a 
-um ; pecul. masc. adj., Heiiopolites, -w 
the inhabitants of Heliopolis, Heliopoli 
tes, -arum (m.). 

Hellanice, Hellanice, -es (f.). 

Hellanicus, Hellanicus, -i (m.). 

Hellas, Hellas, -adis (f.), v. Greece. 

Helle, Helle, -es (f.). 

Hellen, Hellen, -énis (m.). 

Hellespont, Hellespontus, -i (m.); of thi 
Hellespont, Hellespontine, Hellespontia- 
cus, -a, -um; Hellesponticus, -a, -um ; 
and Hellespontius, -a, -um. 

Heilusii, the, Hellusii, -orum (m.). 

Helmstadt, Helmstadium, -ii (x.). 

Helorus, vy. Elorus. 

Helos, Helos (n.) ; the inhabitants of Helos, 


Vv. 8q. 

Helots, the, Hélétes, um, and Helotez 
-arum (m.). 

Helwa, Helva, -® (m.) 

Helvetii, the, Helvetii, orum (s.) ; of or re 
lating to the Helvetii, Helvetius, -a, -1m. 

Helvidius, Helvidius, -ii (m.). 

Helwii, the, Helvii, -orum (m.) ; of or rela 
ing tO the Hetvi, fevvian, tHelvicus, -a, 
-um. 

Helvius, Helvius, -i (m.) ; of or relating ta 
Helvius, Helvianus, -a, -um. 

Hemina, Hemina, -® (m.). 

Heneti, the, Henéti, -orum (m.) 

Hentochi, the, Heniochi, -orum (m.) ; of or 
relating to the Heniochi, Henidchius, -a, 


-um. 

Henrietta, Henrietta, -e (f.). 

Henry, Henricus, -i (m.). 

Hephestion, Hepheestion, -dnis (m.). 

Heraclea, Heracléa, -w (f.); of or belong: 
ing to Heraclea, Heraclean, Heracleen- 
sis, -e; Heracléus, -a, -um; and Hera 
cledticus, -a, -um; pecul. masc., Hera- 
cledtes, -& (m.). 

Heracleum, Heracleum, -i (7.). 

Heraclianus, Heraclianus, -i (m.) 

Heraclides, Heraclides, -s (m.). 

Heraclitus, Heraclitus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Heraclitus, Heraclitéus, -a, -um 

Heraclius, Heraclius, -ii (m.). 

Heraa, Herea, -# (f.). 

Heraklitza, Heracléa (Thracia), -@ (f.). 

Herbert, Herbertus, -i (m.). 

Herbita, Herbita, -e (f.); of or relating 
to Herbita, Herbitensis, -e. 

Hercates, the, Hereates, -am (m.). 

Hercolano, Herculanum, -i; Hercula- 

Herculaneum, i neum, -i, or -nium, -ii(”.); 
of or belonging to Herculaneum, Hercu 
tanean, Herculanensis, -e; Herculane- 
us and -lanus, -a, -um; and late Hercu 
leanus, a, -um. 

Hercules, Hercules, -is (m.) ; of or rel wing 








ALE 


te Herciies, Herculear., Herculeus, -a, | 


-um; Herculanus or -laneus, -a, -um; 


and Heracleus, -a, -um ; son or descend- 


ant of Hercules, Heraclides, -w (m.). 


cynian Forest, Hercynia Silva, Hercy 
nius Saltus, and Hercynii Saltus. 
Hercynna, Hercynna, -@ (f.). 
Herdonia, Herdonia, -w (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Herdonia. Herdoniensis, -e. 
Herdonius, Herdonius, -ii (m.). 

Hereford, Heretordia, -@ (f.); Ariconium, 
“li (n.); of Hereford, Ariconensis, -e. 
Herennius, Herennius, -ii (m.); of or re- 

lating to Herennius, Herennianus, -a, 


“um. 

Herford, v. Hertford. 

Herillus, Herillus, -i (m.) ; the followers of 
Herillus, Herillii, -orum (m.). 

Herilus, Herilus, -i (m.). 

Herius, Herius, -ii (m.). 

Hermachus, Hermachus, -i (m.). 

Hermeum, Hermweum, -i (n.). 

Hermagoras, Hermagoras, -® (m.); the 
disciples of Hermagoras, Hermagorei, 
-orum (m.). 

Herman, Hermannus, -i, and Arminius, -ii 


(m.). 

Hermandica, Hermandica, -@ (f.). 

Hermanustadt, Hermannopilis, -is ( i. 

Hermaphroditus, Hermaphrdoditus, -i (m.). 

Hermas, Hermas, -w (m.). 

Hermathena, Hermathéna, -@ (f.). 

Hermes, Hermes, -@ (m.), v. Mercury. 

Hermias, Hermias, -t& (m.). 

Herminius, Herminius, -ii (m.). 

Hermione, Hermione, -es (f.); of or be- 
longing to Hermione, Hermidnicus, -a, 
-um, and Hermionius, -a, -um. 

Hermiones, the, Hermiones, -um (m,). 

Hermippis, Hermippus, -i (m.). 

Hermodorus, Hermodorus, -i (m.). 

Hermogenes, Hermogénes, -is (m.); of or 
relating to Hermogenes, Hermogénia- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Hermolaus, Hermolaus, -i (m.). 

Hermopolis, Hermopolis, -is (f.); of Her- 
mopolis, Hermopolitic, Hermopolites, -® 
(m.). 

Hermotinus, Hermotinus, -i (m.). 

Hermundiiri, the, Hermundiri, -orum (m.). 

Hermus, the, Hermus, -i (m.). 

Kernici, the, Hernici, -orum (m.); of or 
relating to the Hernici, Hernican, Her- 
nicus, -a, -um. 

Hero, Hero, -ts (f.). 

Herod, Herddes, -is (m.) ; of or relating to 
Herod, Herddianus, -a, -um; the Hero- 
dians (partisans of Herod), Herodiani, 
-orum (m.); daughter of Herod, Hero- 
dias, -ddis (f.). 

Herodian, Herédianus, -i (m.). 

Herodias, Herddias, -adis (f.); strictly, 
daughter of Herod. 

Herodotus, Herédotus, -i (m.). 

Herophile, Herophile, -es ( f-). 

Herostratus, Herostratus, -i (m.). 

Herse, Herse, -es (f.). 

Hersilia, Hersilia, -e (f.). 

Hertford, Harfordia, -w (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Hertford, Harfordiensis, -e ; coun- 
ty of Hertford, Hertfordshire, Harfordi- 
ensis Comitatus. 

Herus, Hérus, -i (m.). 

Hesiod, Hesiddus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Hesiod, Hesiodéus, -a, -um. 

Hesiéne, Hesidne, -es (f.). 

Hesperia, Hespéria, -@ (f.); of or relating 
to Hesperia, Hesperian, Hespérius, -a, 
-um ; pecul. fem., Hesperis, -idis. 

Hesperus, Hesp6rus, -i (m.); daughter of 
Hesperus, Hesperis, -idis (f.) ; usually in 
plural, Hesperides, -um (f.). 

Hesse, Hessia or Hassia, -# (/.). 

Hester, v. Esther. 

Hestiaotis, Hestiwatis, -idis (f.) 

Hesychius, Hésychius, -ii (m.). 

Hexham, Axelodunum, -i (n.). 

Hezekiah, Ezéchias, -# (m.). 

Hibernia, Hibernia, -« (f.). 

Hicesius, Hicesius, -ii (m.). 

Hicetaon, Hicétaon, -dnis (m.); of or re 
lating to Hicetaon, Hicetadnius, -a, -um. 

Hiempsal, Hiempsal, -alis (m.). 

Hiem; eas, Hiempsas, - (m.). 

Hiera, Uiera, -w (f.). 

Hieracia, Hieracia, - (f.). 

Heerapolis, Hierapolis, -is (f.); of or be- 
longing to Hierapolis, Hierapolitanus, 





HOL 
-a, -um; the inhkulitants of Hierapolis, 
Hicrapolitw, -arum. 
Hierapytna, Hierapytna, -& (f) 


| Hieras, Hieras, -# (m.). 
Hercynian, Hercynius, -a, -um; the Her- | 


Hieraz, Hierax, -acis (m.). 

Hieremias, v. Jeremiah. 

Hieres (Iles d’), Stoechades, -um (/f.), In- 
sule. 

Hiericho, v. Jericho. 

Hiero, Hiero, -Gnis (m.); of or relating to 
Hiero, Hier6nicus, -a, -um. 

Hierocesarea, Hierocwsaréa, -2 ( S)5 of 
or belonging to Hierocesarea, Hieroce- 
sariensis, -e. 

Hierocles, Hierocles, -is (%..). 

Hieronymus, v. Jerome. 

Hierosélima, v. Jerusalem 

Hierum, Hierum or Hieron, -i (7.). 

Hilatra, Hilaira, -# (f.). 

Hilario, Hilario, -onis (m.). 

Hilary. } Hilarius, -i (m.). 

Hildrus, Hilarus, -i (m.). 

Hildesheim, Ascalingium, -ii (n.) ; Hildesia, 
-e (f.); of or belonging to Hildesheim, 
Hildesiensis, -e. 

Hillus, Hillus, -i (m.). 

Himella, the, Himella, -® (f.). 

Himera, Himera, -@ (f.), and Himéra, 
-orum (n.); of or belonging to Himera, 
Himéreus, -a, -um.—2. (m.) @ river: 
of the Himera, Himerensis, -e. 

Himerius, Himérius, -ii (m.). 

Himilco, Himilco, -6nis (m.). 

Himmalaya (Mountains), v. Emodi Mon- 
tes; Imaus Mons (in part.). 

Hipparchus, Hipparchus, -i (m.). 

Hipparinus, Hipparinus, -i (m.). 

Hipparis, the, Hipparis, -is (m.). 

Hippasus, Hippasus, -i (m.); son of Hip- 
pasus, Hippasides, -e (m.). 

Hippea, Hippéa, - (f.). 

Hippia, Hippia, -@ ( f.). 

Hippias, Hippias, -® (m.). 

Hippius, Hippius, -ii (m.). 

Hippo, Hippo, -dnis (m.), and Hippo Re- 
gius; of or belonging to Hippo, Hippo- 
nensis, -e. 

Hippocéon, Hippidcdon, -ontis (m.). 

Hippocrates, Hippocrates, -is (m.); of or 
relating to Hippocrates, Hippocraticus, 
-a, -um. 

Hippocrene, Hippocréné, -es (f.); of Hip- 
pocrene, Hippocreneus, -a, -um; pecul. 
fem., Hippocrénis, -idis; esp. tn plural 
(of the Muses), Hippierta: es, -um. 

Hippodamas, Hippodaémas, -antis (m.). 

Hippodamia, Hippodamia, -», and Hip- 
poddme, -es (f.). 

Hippodamus, Hippodamus, -i (m.). 

Hippolochus, Hippoldchus, -i (m.) 

Hippolyte, Elppaye, -e8 (f.). 

Hippolytus, Hippolytus, -i (m.). 

Hippomédon, Hippomédon, -ontis (m.). 

Hippomenes, Hippoménes, -& and -is (m.) 
daughter of Hippor.ues, Hippdménéis, 
-idis (f.). 

Hippona, Hippona, -® (f.). 

Hipponaz, Hippénax, -actis (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to Hipponaz, Hipponactéus, -a, 
-um. 

Hipponicus, Hipponicus, -i (m.). 

Hippothéon, Hippdthdon, -ontis (m.). 

Hippus, Hippus or Hippos, -i (f.), a city. 
—2. (m.) a river. 

Hirpini, the, Hirpini, -orum (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to the Hirpini, Hirpinus, -a, -um. 

Hirrus, Hirrus, -i (m.). 

Hirtius, Hirtius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Hirtius, Hirtianus, -a, -um, and Hirtius, 


-a, -um. 

Hispalis, Hispalis, -is (f.); of or relating 
to Hispalis, Hispalensis, -e, and Hispali- 
ensis, -€. 

Hispania, v. Spain. 

Hispaniola, Hispanidla, -@ ( f.). 

Hispellum, Hispellum, -i (n.); of Hispel- 
lum, Hispellas, -atis, and Hispellensis, -e. 

Hispo, Hispo, -onis (m.). 

Hispulla, Hispulla, -e (f.). 

Histria, Histria, - (f-); of or belonging 
to Histria, Histrian, Histricus, -a, -um, 
and Histrus, -a, -um ; the Histrians, His- 
tri, -orum (m.). 

Hoang-Ho, Bautisus, -i (m.). 

Holland, Bat&via, - (f-); of Holland, Ba- 
tdvus, -a, -um. 

Holmia, eee -w2 (f.), and Holme, 

Holmi, -orum (m.). 


EL P. 


| Holofernes, Holofernes, -is (m.) 
| Holstein, Holsatia, -® (/f.). 


Homerite, the, Homerite -arum (m., 

Homerus, Homérus, -i (m.) ; of er relating 
to Homer, Homeric, Homéricus, a, -um, 
and Homérius, -a, -um; a Homerid, 
Homerista, -# (m.). 

Homole, Homéle, -es (f.). 

Homolium, Homdlium, -ii (%.). 

Homona, Homona, -® (f.); of or belong 
ing to Homona, Homonensis, -e. 

Honoria, Honoria, -# (f.). 

Honorius, Honorius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong. 
ing to Honorius, Honorianus, -a, -um, 
son of Honorius, Honoriddes, -# (m.); 
daughter of Honorius, Honorias, -Adis 


): 

Horace, Horatius, -ii (m.), q. v- 

Horatia, Horatia, -w ¢/.). 

Horatio = Horatius, 

Horatius, ) Horatius, -ii (m.); of or relat 

Horace, ; ing to Horatius, Horatian, 
Horatidnus, -a, -um, and Horatius, -a, 
-um ; the Horatii, Horatii, -orum (m.). 

Hormisdas, Hormisdas, -@ (m.). 

Hortalus, Hortalus, -i (m.). 

Horta, pe Ps “1 (n.); of o7 be 

Hortanum,§ longing to Horta, Hortine 
Hortinus, -a, -um. 

Horus, Horus or Horos, -i (m.). 

Hostilia, Hostilia, -@ (f.) ; of Hostilia, Hot 
tiliensis, -e. 

Hostilius, Hostilius, -ii (m.); of or belong 
ing to Hostilius, Hostilianus, -a, -um. 
and Hostilius, -a, -um. 

Hostus, Hostus, -i (m.). 

Hubert, Hubertus, -i (m.). 

Hugh, Hugo, -dnis (m.). 

Humber, the, Abus, -i (m.). 

Humphrey, Humphredus, -i, and Onuphri- 
us, -ii (m.). 

Hungary, Hungacia, -# (f.). 

Auns, the, Hunni, -orum, and Chunni 
-orum (m.); of or relating to the Huna 
Hunniscus, -a, -um. 

Huntingdon, Huntingdonia, -e (f.); of 
Huntingdon, Huntingdonensis, -e, ane 
Huntingtoniensis, e; Huntingdonshire 
Comitatus Hvutingdonensis. 

Huy, Huum, -i (#.). 

Hyacinthus, Hyacinthus, -i (m.), of or re 
lating to Hyacinthus, Hyacinthius, -s 


-um. 

Hyale, Hyale, -es (f.). 

Hyampolis, Hyampolis, -is ( f-). 

Hyantes, the, Hyantes, -um (m.); of ur re 
lating to the Hvantes Pyant us, -a, -um 
and Hyantéus, -a, -um. 

Hyas, Hyas, -antis (m.); sister of Hyas 
Hyas, -adis (f.); esp. in plural, the Hya 
des, Hyades, -um. 

Hypbla, Hybla, -e (f.), a city ; (m.) @ mount 
ain ; of or belonging to Hybla, Hyblaan 
Hyblwus, -a, -um, and Hyblensis, -e. 

Hydaspes, the, Hydaspes, -is (m.) ; of or re 
lating to the Hydaspes, Hydaspéus, -a 
-um. 

Hyde, Hyde, -es, and Hyda, -@ (f.) 

Hydraotes, the, Hydradtes, -® (m.). 

Hydrela, Hydréla, - (f.); of or belong 
ing to Hydrela, Hydrelatanus, -a, -um 
the inhabitants of Hydrela, Hydrelite 
-arum (m.). 

Hydruntum, Hydruntum, -i (n.), and Hy 
drus, -untis (f.); the inhabitants of By 
druntum, Hydruntini, -orum (.). 

Hydrussa, Hydrussa, -@ ( f.)- 

Hygea, Hygéa or Hygia, - <f.). 

Hyginus, Hyginus, -i (m.). 

Hylai, the, Hylei, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to the Hylei, Hyleus, -a, -am. 

Hyleus, Hylwus, -i (m.). 

Hylas, Hylas, - (m.) 

Hyle, Hyle, -es (f.). 

Hyles, Hyles, -# (m.). 

Hyleus, Hyléus, -eos and -ei (™.). 

Hyllus, Hyllus, -i (m.). 

Hylonome, Hyléndme, -es (f.). 

Hymen, Hymen (only in nom. and voc.) 
and Hymeneug, -i (™.). 

Hymettius, Hymettius, -ii (m.). 

Hymettus (Mount), Hymettus, -i (m); ef 
or belonging to Hymettus, Hymettiua 
-a, -um. 

Hypepa, Hypepa, -orum (n.); of or be 
longing to Hypepa, Hypepénus, -a, -am 

Hypanis, the, Hypanis, -is (m.); of or be 
longing to the Hypanis, Hypanéius, ~ 


-um. 
72 


ICE 


Aypasis, the, Hypasis, -is (m.). 

Hypata, Hypata, -e (f.); of or belonging 
to Hypata, Hypatwus, -a, -um, and Hyp 
atinus, -a, -um. 

Hypatius, Hypatius, -ii (m.). 

Hyperbius, Hyperbius, -ii (m.). 

Hyperbolus, Hyperbolus, -i (m.). 

Hyperboreans, the, Hyperboréi, -orum (m.). 

Ayperéa, Hyperéa or -ria, -e (f.). 

Huperides, Hyperides, -is (m.). 

Hyperion, Hyperion, -onis (m.); daughter 
of Hyperion, Hyperionis, -idis (f.); of 
or belonging to Hyperion, Hyperionius, 
-a, -um. 

Aypermnestra, Hypermnestra, -#, and 
-nestre, -es (f.). 

Hypsea, Hypsma, -w (f.). 

Aypseus, Hypseus, -i (m.). 

Hypseus, Hypseus, -eos and -ei (m.). 

Sepa es Hypsicrates, -is (m.). 
ypsipyle, Hypsipyle, -es (f.); of Hyp- 
sipyle, Hypsipylzeus, -a, -um. 

Hyrcania, Hyrcania, -@ (f.); of Hyrcania, 
Hyrcanian, Hyrcanius, -a,-um, and Hyr- 
canus, -a, -um. 

Hyrie, Hyrie, -es (f.); of Hyrie, Hyriéti- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Wyrieus, Hyrieus, -eos or -ei (m.) ; of Hy- 
rieus, Hyriéus, -a, -um. 

Ayrium, Hyrium, -ii (n.); of or belonging 
to Hyrium, Hyrinus, -a, -um. 

Ayrmine, Hyrmine, -es (f.). 

Hyriacus, Hyrtacus, -i (m.); son of Hyr- 
tacus, Hyrtacides, -e ym.). 

AHystaspes, Hystaspes, -is (m.). 


fa, la, -w (f.). 

lacchius, lacchus, -i (m.). 

lacob, v. Jacob. 

Tacobus, lacdbus, -i (m.); v. also James. 

Tader, the, lader, -éris (m.} ; of or relating 
to the Iader, ladertinus, -a, -um. 

Tera, lera, -® (f.)- 

Taiysus, lalysus, -i (m.), a man’s name.—2. 
(f.) @ city: of or belonging to Talysus, 
lIalysius, -a, -um. 

Iamblichus, lamblichus, -i (m.). 

Tanthe, lanthe, -es (f.)- 

Tapetus, lapétus, -i (m.); son of Japetus, 
lapétionides, -z (m.); Iapétides, -s (m.). 

fapis, lapis, -idis (m.). 

lapydia, lapydia, -e (f.); of lapydia, Ia- 
pydian, lapis, -¥dis; the Iapydians, la- 
pydes, -um (m.). 

lapygia, lapygia, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Iapygia, lapygius, -a, -um; the Japy- 
gians, lapyges, -um (m.). 

Tapyz, lapyx, -ygis (m.). 

Tarbas, larbas, -# (m.). 

Tasion, lasion, -Onis (m.) = sq. 

Tasius, lasius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Tasius, lasius, -a, -um; son or descend 
ant of lasvus, lasides, -& (m.) ; daughter 
or female descendant of Iasius, lasis, 
-idis (f.). 

Taso, laso, -ts (f.). 

Tason, v. Jason. 

Tassus, lassus, -i (f.); of or belonging to 
Tassus, lassius, -a, -um, and lassensis, 
-e; the Gulf of Tassus, Jassius Sinus 

Tazartes, the, laxartes, - (m.). 

Tazyges, the, laz¥ges, -um (m.). 

Theria, Ibéria, -& (f.); of or belonging to 
Iberia, Iberian, \bérus, -a, -um, and Ibe- 
ridcus, -a, -um; an Iberian, Iber, -éris 
(m.); the Iberians, Ibéres, -um, and Ibé- 
ri, -orum (m.). 

Boro } the Ibérua, i (m.). 

Ibis, Ibis, -idis and -is (f.). 

Ibyeus, Ib¥cus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Ibycus, Ibycius, -a, -um. 

Icadius, Icadius, -ii (m.). 

Tearia, v. Icarus. 

Tearius, Icarius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Tearius, Icarius, -a, -um; daughter of 
ese Tearis, -idis, and Icariotis, -idis 
(f.)- 

Icarus, Icarus and Icaros, -i, and Icaria, 
-e (f.); of or belonging to Icarus, Ica- 
rius, -a,-um; the Icarian Sea, lcarium 
Mare. 

Iccius, Iccius, -ii (m.). 

Iceland, (perhaps) Thule, -es ( f) Islan- 
dia, - (f.); Icelandish, Islandicus, -a, 


-um. 
feelus, Icélus, -{ (r.). 
728 


sNG 


Iceni, the, Icéni, -orum (m.). 

Ichnusa, Ichnisa, -# (f.). 

Ichthyophagi, Ichthyophagi, -orum (m.). 

Icilius, Icilius, -ii (m.). 

Iconium, Icdnium, -ii (n.); of Iconium, 
Iconian, Iconiensis, -e. 

Ictinus, Ictinus, -i (m.). 

Icus, Icus or Icos, -i ( f.). 

Ida (Mount), Ida, -®, and Ide, -es (f.); of 
or belonging to Ida, Idean, Ideus, -8, 
-um.—2. a female name. 

Ideus, Ideus, -i (m.). 

Tdalia, Idalia, -@ (f-) ; v. sg. 

Idalium, Idalium, -ii (n.) ; of Idalium, ida- 
ian, Idalius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Idilis, 
-idis. 

Idas, Idas, -# (m.). . 

Idmon, Idmon, -dnis (m.) ; of Idmon, Id- 
moniug, -a, -um. 

Idomeneus, 1\doménéus, -eos or -€i (m.), 
poet. acc. -€a. 

Iduméa, Idumea, - (f.) ; of Idumea, Idu- 
méan, Idumeeus, -a, -um. 

Tdyia, 1dyia, -e (f.). 

Teremias, v. Jeremiah. 

Tericho, v. Jericho. 

Terne, lerne, -es ( f.) = Hibernia. 

Terosolyma, v. Jerusalem. 

iESUS, V. JESUS. 

Igilgili, Igilgili, indecl. (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Igilgilt, Igilgilitanus, -a, -um. 

[gilium, Igilium, -ii (7.). 

Iguvium, \givium, -ii (n.) ; the inhabitants 
of Iguvium, Iguvinates, -ium, and Igu- 
vini, -orum (m.). 

Iksworth, leenorum Oppidum. 

Iichester, Iscalis or Ischalis, -is (f.). 

Tlerda, llerda, -w (f.); the inhabttants of 
Ilerda, llerdenses, -ium (m.). 

Tlergetes, the, llergétes, -um, and (lergé- 
tes, -arum (m.). 

Tlia, Mia, -® (f.). 

Tliad, the, Nias, -adis (f.). 

Tlion, v. Ilium. 

Lliéne, Nlidna, -s, and Mlidne, -es ( f-). 

Tlioneus, Tlioneus, -eos and -ei (m.). 

Tlissus, the, llissus, -i (m.). 

Tlithyia, Wlithyia, -« (f). 

Ilium, Nlium and Ilion, -ii (m.), of or be- 
longing to Ilium (or Troy), Trajan, Mli- 
us, -a, -um; Iliacus, -a, -um; and Ilien- 
sis, -e; a woman of Ilium, Ilias, -adis 
(f. ; usual in plural, lliddes, -um. 

Tikley, Olicana, -e ( f-). 

Illyria, Myria, -« (f.); of or belonging to 
Illyria, Illyrian, Ulyricus, -a, -um, and 
Illyrius, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., Illyris, -idis. 

Tlucia, lucia, -w (f.). 

Ilurco, Murco, -onis (f.); ef Tlurco, Nur- 
conensis, -e. 

Tluro, lluro, -dnis (f.); of Zluro, Turen- 
sis, -e. 

Tlus, Tus, -i (m.); son or descendant of 
Jue, liddes, - (m.). 

Ilva, Ilva, -@ (f.). 

Imachara, Imachara, -@ (f.); of Imachara, 
Imacharensis, -€. 

Imaon, \maon, -dnis (m.). 


| Imaus (Mount), Imaus, -i (m.), mons. 


Imbarus, Imbarus, -i (m.). 

Imbrasus, Imbrasus, -i (m.); son of Imbra- 
sus, |mbrasides, -# (m.). 

Imbreus, Imbreus, -eos or -ei (m.). 

Inmbrinium, Imbrinium, -ii (7.). 

Imbrus, Imbrus or Imbros, -i (f.); of Im- 
brus, Imbrian, Imbrius, -a, -um. 

Imola, Forum Cornelii. 

Inachia, Inachia, -® ( f.). 

Inachus, Inachus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Inachus, Inachian, Inachius, -a, -um ; 
son or descendant of Inachus, Inachi- 
des, -~ (m.); daughter or female de- 
scendant of Inachus, Inachis, -idis (f-). 
—2. a river: of the Inachus, Inachius, 
-a, -um; pecul. fem., Inachis, -idis. 

Inarime, Inarime, -es (f.). 

Index, Index. -icis (m.). 

India, India, -z (f.); the inhabitants of 
India, Indi, -orum (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Indi or India, Indicus, -a, 
-um, and Indus, -a, -um; the Indian 
Ocean, Erythreum Mare; the East In- 
dies, India Orientalis; the West Indies, 
India Occidentalis. 

Induciomarus, Induciomarus, -i (™.). 

Indus, the, Indus, -i (m.). 

Ingevones, the, Ingevones, -um (m.) 

Ingauni, the, Ingauni, -orum (m.). 

Ingram. Fngelrer3s -i (™.). 


1SM 
Inn, the, Anus or CEnus, -i (m.). 
Innspruck, ZEni Pons or CEnipons, onus 


(m.). 

Feceeiae Boiodurum, -i (7.). 

Ino, Ino, -is (f.); of or belonging to Ino 
Tnous, -a, -um. 

Insubres, the, Insubres, -ium (m.); of or 
relating to the Insubres, Insubrian, In- 
suber or -bris, -e. 

Intemelium, Intemélium, -ii (”.); the im 
habitants of Intemelium, Intemelii, -oram 
(m.). 

Interamna, Interamna, -@, and Interam- 
ne, -arum (f.); of or belonging to In- 
teramna, Interamnas, -atis (adj.), and 
Interamnensis, -e; the Interamnians, In- 
teramnates, -ium (m.,). 

Inuus, Inuus, -i (m.). 

To, Io, -tis (f.). 

Joannes, v. John. 

Job, v. Job. 

Tocasta, v. Jocasta. 

Tolaus, I6laus, -i (m.). 

Toicos, lolcos or Iolcus, -i (f-), of or de 
longing to Iolcos, lolciacus, -a, -um 

Tole, lole, -es (f.). 

Tolias, Tollas, - (m.). 

Ton, Ion, -6nis (m.). 

Tonas, v. Jonas. 

Tonia, lonia, -w (f.); of or belonging w 
Ionia, Ionian, lonicus, -a, -um; Ionius, 
-a, -um; and Ion, -onis (as adj.) ; pecul. 
fem., lonis, -idis; the Iontans, lones 
-um (m.) ; the Ionian Sea, Mare I6nium ~ 

Topas, l5pas, - (m.). 

Tordanes, v. Jordan. 

Tos, Ios, -i (f.). 

Tosephus, v. Joseph. 

Zxape, iotape, -es (f.). 

Iphianassa, Iphianassa, -@ (f.). 

Iphicles, Iphicles, -is (m.) 

Iphiclus, Iphiclus, -i (m.). 

Iphigenia, Iphigénia, -e (f.). 

Iphimedia, Iphimédia, -# (f-) 

Iphinous, {phindus, -i (m.). 

Iphis, Iphis, -idis (m.) ; daughter of Iphis. 
Iphias, -adis (f.).—2. (f.) name of a 
woman. 

Iphitus, Iphitus, -i (m.). 

Ipsala, Cypséla, -orum (7.). 

Ipswich, Gippevicum, -i (7.). 

Tran, Ariana, - (f.); Aria, -®, (f.). 

Ireland, Hibernia, -e (f.); Ierne, -es (f-), 
of or belonging to Ireland, Irish, Hiber- 
nicus, -a, -um. 

Trenaus, Irenzus, -i (m.). 

Trene, Iréne, -es (f.). 

Tresia, Iresiz, -avum ( f.). 

Tri, the, EurOtas, -@ (m.). 

Iria, Iria, -@ (f.); the inhabitants of Iria 
Iriates, -ium, and Irienses, -ium (m.). 
Tris, Iris, -is and -idis (f.), a goddess.—2 

(m.) @ river. 

Trus, {rus, -i (m.). 

Teaac, Isaacus, -i, and Isaac, imdecl. (m.). 

Isabella, Isabella, - (f.). 

Tseus, Iseus, -i (m.). 

Isaiah, Isaias or Esaias, -# (m.), of or re 
lating to Isaiah, Isaianus, -a, -um. 

Tsara, the, \sara, -e (m.)- 

Tsaura, Isaura, -orum (n.) ; Isaurus, -i (f-; 

Tsauria, Isauria, -# (f.); of or belonging 
to Isauria, Isaurian, Isauricus, -a, -um,; 
the Isauri, Isauri, -orum (m.). 

Tsaurus, the, Isaurus, -i (m.). 

Tsca, \sca, -@® ( f.). 

Iscariot (i. e., of Kerioth), Iscariotes, - 


(m.). 

Ischia, Aenaria, -e (f.) ; Inarime, -es (f.)- 

Ischomache, Ischomache, -es (f-)- 

Tseo (Lago d’), Sebinus, -i (m.), Lacus. 

Tsére, Isara, - (m.). 

Ishmael, Ismael or Ismahel, -élis (m.), 
sons or descendants of Ishmael, the Ish- 
maelites, Ismaélite, -arum (m.). 

Tsidorus, Isid6rus, -i (m.). 

Isigénus, Isigdnus, -i (m.). 

Tsis, Isis, -is and -idis (f.); of or belong 
ing to Isis, Isiacus, -a, -um. 

Ismael, v. Ishmael. 

Ismara, Ismara, -orum (n.) ; V. 89. 

Ismarus (Mount), Ismarus, -i (m.). and 
Ismara, -orum (n.); of or belonging te 
Ismarus, Ismarius, -a, -um, and Ismari- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Ismene, Isméne, -es ( f.)- 

Ismenias, Isménias, - (m.). 

Ismenus, the, Isménus, i (m.); of the ls 
menus, Ismenian, Isménius, -a, -Um 








JEC 


eas Sfem., Ismenis, -idis (poet. for The- 

an). 

[smir, Smyrna, -@ (f.), q. ¥ 

Isnich, Nicwa, -# (f.), q. V- 

[socrates, Isocrates, -is (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Isocrates, lsocratéus, -a, -um, and 
Isocraticus, -a, -um. 

Tsola Farnese, Veii, -orum (m.), q. ¥ 

Ispahan, Aspadana, -orum (n.). 

Israel, Israel, indecl., and Israel, -élis (m.) ; 
son or descendant of Israel, Israélita, -e& 
(m.); in plural, the Israelites, Israélite, 
-arum (m.); an Israelitish woman, a 
daughter of Israel, Israélitis, -idis (f.) ; 
of or belonging to the Israelites, Israeli- 
tucus, -a, -um. 

Issa, Issa, -@ (f.) ; of or belonging to Issa, 
Issepus, -a, -um; Issaicus, -a, -um; and 
Issensis, -e. 

Issachar, Issachar, indecl. (m.). 

Tase, Isse, -e8 (f.). 

Issny, Isna, -@ (f.). 

Issoire, Iciodurum, -i (n.). 

Tssus, Issus, -i (f.); of or belonging to Is- 
sus, Issius, -a, -um. 

Tstevones, |stwvones, -um (m.). 

Ister, v. Danube. 

Istria, v. Histria. 

Istropolis, Istropélis, -is 

Ttalica, Italica, - (f.); 
sis, -e. 

Italus, Italus, -i (m.). 

Italy, Italia, -w (f.); in poet., Hespéria, - 
(f.); Ausdnia, -e (f.); CEnotria, - (f.); 
and Saturnia, -w (f.), q. v.; of or be- 
tonne. to Italy, Italian, Italicus, -a,-um, 
and Italus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Italis, 
-idis (for poet. forms, v. under the poet. 
names above); the Italians, Itali, -orum 


(m.). 

Ithaca, Ithaca, -#, and Ithace, -es (f.) ; of 
or belonging to Ithaca, Ithacus, -a, -um, 
and Ithacensis, -e. 

Ithome, Ithome, -es ( f.). 

Itonus, Itonus, -i (f.); of or belonging to 
Ttonus, Itonius, -a, -um. 

Tturea, Iturea, -@ (f.); Iturean, Itureus, 
-a, -um. 

Itys, Itys, -yos (m.). 

Tulis, Talis, -idis (f.). 

Tulus, \ulus, -i (m.); of or belonging to 
lulus, derived from Iulus, tuléus, -a, -am. 

Tvica, Ebusus, -i (f.), g- V- 

Ivrea, Eporédia, -@ (f.). 

Tory, Iberium, -ii (n.). 

Tzion, \xion, -6nis (m.); of or relating to 
Izion, Ixidnius, -a, -um; son of Izion, 
Ixidnides, -# (m.). 


J. 


Jabesh, Jabesh, indecl. (m.)- 

Jaca, Jacca, -@ (f.). 

Jacob, Jacob, indecl. (m.) 

Jael, Jael, indecl. (f.). 

Jafet, v. Japhet. 

Jaffa, Joppe, -es (f.), v. Joppa. 

Jairus, Jairus, -i (m.). 

Jamaica, Jamaica, -@ (f.). 

Jamblichus, v. Iamblichus. 

James, Jacdbus, -i (m.). 

Jamestown, Jacobipolis, -is (f.). 

Jane, Joanna, -# (f.). 

Janiculum (Mount), Janicilum, -i (n.), of 
the Janiculum, Janicilaris, -e. 

Janina, Epirus, -i (f.). 

Janissary, Cape, v. Jenischehr. 

Janus, Janus, -i (m.); of or relating to Ja- 
nus, Janalis, -e, and Janualis, -e. 

Japan, Japonia, -@ (f.). 

Japétus, v. Iapetus. 

Japhet, Japhet or Japheth, tndecl., and 
Japétus, -i (m.). 

Jaques, Jacdbus, -i (m.). 

Jaquet, Jacoba, -# (f.). 

Jared, laredus, -i (m.). 

Tason, Jason, -dnis (m.) ; of or relating to 
Jason, Jasonius, -a, -um; son of Jason, 
Jasdnides, -@ (m.). 

Jaspar, Gaspar, -aris (m.) 

Jassy, Jassium, -ii (n.). 

Javolenus, Javdlénus, -i (m.). 

Jeanette, Joanetta, -@ (f.). 

Jebba, Jebba, -@ (f.). 

Jebus,, sebus, -i (m.); the descendants of 
Jebus the Jebusites, Jebussi, -orum (m.)- 
of or relating to the Jebusites, Jebusié- 
cus, -8, -um. | 

Jechonias, Jechonias, - (m.). | 


(J). 
HF Patica, Italicen- 








JUN 

Jeddo, Jedum, -i (n.). 

Jehosaphat, Jehoshaphat, indecl. (m.). 

Jena, Jena, -# (f.). 

Jenaub, the, Acesines, -is or -t (m.). 

Jenet, v. Jeanette, 

Jenischehr, Cape, Sigeum, |- (n.), Promon- 
torium. 

Jeoffrey, Galfridus, -i (m.). 

Jephta, Jephta, - (f.). 

Jephtha, Jephthe or Jephte, tndecl. (m.). 

Jeremiah, Sass -we, and Hieremias, 

Jeremy, -# (m.). 

Jericho, Jericho or Hiericho, indecl. ( S); 
and Hierichos, -i, or Hiericus, -unts 
(f); of or belonging to Jericho, Hieri- 
chontinus, -a, -um. 

Jeroboam, Jeroboamus, -i (m.) 

Jerome, HierGnymus, -i (m.). 

Jersey, Cewesaréa, - (f.). 

Jerusalem, Hierdsdlyma, -orum (n.), Hi- 
erosolyma, -# (f.); Hierusalem and Je- 
rusalem, indecl. ( S; the inhabitants of 
Jerusalem, Hierosolymite, -arum (m.) ; 
of or belonging to Jerusalem, Hierosoly- 
marius, -a, -um. 

Jesse, Jesse or Jesse, indecl. (m.), of or 
relating to Jesge, Jesseus, -a, -um, and 
Jesséus, -a, -um. 

Jrsus, JEsUs, -ii, acc. -um (m.). 

Jewry, v. Judea. 

Jezabel, Jezabel, indecl., and Jezabel, -lis 


(f. 

Joab, Joab, indecl. (m.). 

Joan, Joanna, -@ (/.). 

Joanna, Joanna, -e (.). 

Jeas, Joas, indecl. (m.). 

Job, Job, indecl., and Jobus, -i (m.). 

Jocasta, Jocasta, -e (f.), and Jocaste, -es. 

Joel, Joel, indecl. (m.). 

John, Joannes or Johannes, -is (m.). 

Joigny, Joviniacum, -i (n.). 

Joinville, Joanvilla, - (f.). 

Jonas, Jonas, -® (m.); oe relating to 
Jonas, Jonzus, -a, -um. 

Jonathan, Jonathan, indecl., and Jonathas, 
-® (™M.). 

Joppa, Joppe, es (f.); of or belonging to 
Joppa, Joppicus, -a, -um. 

Jordan, the, Jordanes, -is (m.). 

Joseph, Joseph, indecl., and Joséphus, -i 


(m.). 
Josephus, Joséphus, -i (m.). 
Joshua, Josue, indecl. ; also, Jesus, -@ (m.). 
Josiah, Josias, -# (m.). 
Jotham, Jotham, indecl., and Jothamuag, -i 


(m.). 

Jouz, Jovium, -ii (.). 

Jovian, Jévianus, -i (m.). 

Jovinian, Jovinianus, -i(m.); the followers 
of Jovinian, Jovirianiste, -aruni (m.). 

Jovinus, Jovinus, -i (m.). 

Jovius, Jovius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Jovius, Jovianus, -a, -um, and Jovius, -a, 


-um. 

Juba, Juba, -# (m.). 

Jubellius, Jubellius, -ii (m.). 

Judah, Juda, -x (m.). 

Judea, v. Judea. 

Judas, Judas, -# (m.). 

Judea, Judwa, -@ (f.); of or belonging to 
Judea, Jewish, Judeus, -a, -um, and Ju- 
daicus, -a, -um. * 

Judith, Judith, indecl., and Juditha, -@ (f.). 

Jugurtha, Jugurtha, -@ (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Jugurtha, Jugurthine, Jugurthi- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Julia, Julia, - ( S)- 

Julian, Julianus, -1 (m.). 

Juliana, Juliana, -@ (f.). 

Juliers, Juliacum, -i (7.). 

Julii Forum, v. Frejus ; the inhabitants of 
Forum Julii, Juiienses, -ium (m.). 

Juliobriga, Juliobriga, -@ (f.); of Julio- 
briga, Juliobrigensis, -e. 

Juliopolis, Juliopolis, -is (f.); the inhabit- 
ants of Juliopolis, Juliopolite, -arum 


(m.). 

Julius, Julius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging to 
Julius or the Julia gens, Julian, Julius, 
-a, -um, and Julianus, -a, -um. 

Juncus, Juncus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Juncus, Juncianus, -a, -um. 

Junia, Junia, -w@ (f.). 

Junius, Junius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Junius or the Junia gens, Junian, Ju- 
nius, -a, -um, and Junianus, -a, -um; 
son or descendant of Junius (Brutus), 
Juniadesg, -# (m.). 

Juno, Juno, -dnis (f.); of or relating to 


LAB 


Juno, Junonian, Junonius, -a, -um, ane 
Junonilis, -e; ‘he temple of Juno, Here 
um, -l (%.). 

Jupiter, Jupiter, gen. Jovis, &c. im.); of 
or relating to Jupiter, Jovius -um 
and Jovialis, -e (late). 

Jura (Mount), Jura, -# (m.); of or relat 
ing to Jura, Jurensis, -e. 

Justina, Justina, -# (f.). 

Justinian, Justinianus, -i (m.) ; of or relat 
ing to Justinian, Justinianéus, -a, -um. 

Justin = Justinus, y. v. 

Justinopolis, Justindpdlis, -is ( f.) 

Justinus, Justinus, -i (m.); 2f or relating 
to Justinus, Justinianus, -a, -um 

Justus, Justus, -i (m.). 

Jutland, Chersonesus Cimbriva : f.); Ja 
tia, -w (f.). 

Juturna, Jiturna, -e (f.); of » eating 
to Juturna, Juturnalis, -e. 

Juvenal, Jivénilis, -is (m.). 

Juvencus, Juvencus, -i (m.). 

Juventius, Juventius, -ii (m.). 


E. 


4, 


Kaffa, v. Caffa. 

Kaffaria, Cattaria, -w (f.) 

Kaisarich, Cwsaréa, -@ (f.), q. ¥ 

Kakosia, Thisbe. -es (f.). 

Kalabaki, Palwpharus, -i (f-). 

Kalpaki, Orchoménus, -i (f.), q. ¥ 

Karasu, the, Caystrus, -1 (m.). 

Kate, Katharine, v. Catharine 

Kattegat, v. Cattegat. 

Kedar, Kedar, indecl. (m.), a man. 
a city. 

Kedron, the, Cedron, -onis (m.). 

Kempien, Campodunum, -i (n.) 

Kenchester, Magnex, -arum ( f.). 

Kendal, Concangium, -ii (7.). 

Kent, Cantium, -ii (7.) ; Cantia, -e ¢ f.). 

Kertsch, Panticapwum, -i (n.) 

Kessel, Castellum Menapiorum. 

Keswick, Causenne, -arum (f,). 

Khabour, the, Centrites, -w (m-). 

Kiel, Chilonium, -ii (7.). 

Kiew, Chiovia, -# (f-). 

Kilkenny, Cella (fanum) St. Canic!, Kis 
kennia, - (f.); of Kilkenny. nilkenni 
ensis, -€. 

Killaloe, Laona, -« ( f.)- 

Kills, the, for Kyll, q. v. 

Kilmore, Chilmoria, -# (/.)- 

Kingston, Regiopolis, -is (f-); Kingston 
upon-Hull, Regiodunum (Hullinum), -1 
(n.); Kingston-upon-Thames, Regiodu 
num Tamesinum. ° 

Kinnaird’s Head, Twzalum -i (n.), Pre 
montorium. 

Kiow, v. Kiew. 

Kishon, the, Kison, -dnis (m.). 

Kisil-irmak, the, Halys, -yos (m.) 

Kissavo (Mount), Ossa, -@ (/.). 

Kola, Cola, -# (f.), Lapporum. 

Kolokythia, the, Gythius, -ii (m.); Guff of 
Kolokythia, Laconicus Sinus; Gytheé 
tes Sinus. 

Konieh, Iconium, -ii (n.). 

Kénigsberg, Regiomontum, -i (n.); Mons 
Regius (m.) ; of or belonging to Konigs 
berg, Regiomontanus, -a, -um. 

Kopenhagen, v. Copenhagen. 

Krimea, v. Crimea. 

Kronstadt, v. Cronstadt. 

Kuban, the, Hypanis, -is (.). 

Kudros, Cytorus, -i (f.). 

Kur, the, Cyrus, -i (m.). 

Kurds, the, Carduchi, -orum (m.); &2 
distan, Carduchia, - (f.). 

Kuttenberg, Cutna, -e (f.). 

Kyle, Coila, - (f.). 

Kyli, the, Celbis or Gelbie -ts (m.) 


L. 


Labdacus, Labdacus, -i (m Qf ot rele 
ing to Labdacus, descended from Labde 
cus, Labdacius, -a, -um (poe. for Tu 
ban); sons or descendants of Labdacus 
Labdacide, -arum (m.). 

Labeo, Labeo, -dnis (m.). 

Laberia, Labéria, -® (/.). 

Laberius, Labérius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Laberius, Labérianus, -&, -um. 

Labicum, Labicum, -i (m.); of or belong: 
ing to icum, Labicanus, -a, -um; 
the inhabitants of Labicum, Labici oruw 
(m.). ee 


LAU 

taotenus, Labiénus, -i (m.) ; of or relaung 
to Labienus, Labiémianus, -a, -um. 

Labinius, Labinius, -ii (m.). 

Labuila, Labulla, -x (/-). 

Labullus, Labullus, -i (m.). 

Lacedemon, Lacedemon, -dnis ( f.) ; Spar- 
ta, -w2 (f.), g. v.; of or belonging to Lac- 
edemon, Lacedemonian, Lacedemoni- 
us, -a, -um. 

Lacerius, Lacérius, -ii (m.). 

Lacetania, Lacetania, -@ (f.), the mhabit- 
ants of Lacetania, Lacetani, -orum (m.). 

Laches, Laches, -étis (m.). 

Lachesis, Lachésis, -is (f-). 

Lacinium, Lacinium, -ii (7.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Lacinium, Lacinian, Lacinius, 
-a, -um, uid Laciniensis, -e. 

Lacobriga, Lacobriga, -e (f.); of or be- 
longing to Lacobriga, Lacobrigensis, -e. 

Lacon, Lacon, -6nis (m.). 

Laconia, Laconia, -w (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Laconia, Laconian, Laconicus, 
-a, -um; a Laconian, Laco er Lacon, 
-Onis (m.); Lacezna, -@ (f.). 

Lactantius, Lactantius, -li (m.). 

Lactucinus, Lacticinus, -i (m.). 

Lacydes, Lacydes, -is (m.). 

Ladas, Ladas, -# (m.). 

Lade, Lade, -es (f.). 

Ladon, the, Ladon, -6nis (m.). 

Leca, Leca, -@ (m.). 

Lelaps, Lelaps, -apis (m.). 

Laelia, Lelia, -@ (f.). 

Lealius, Lelius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Lelius, Lelianus, -a, -um. 

Lenas, Lenas, -atis (m.). Z 

Laérte, Laérte, -es (f.); of Laérte, Laér- 
tiug, -a, -um. 

Laértes, Laértes, and poet. Laerta, - (m-) ; 
of or relating to Laértes, Laértius, -a, 
-um ; son of Laértes, Laertiddes, -» 
(m.). 

Lestrygones, the, Lestrygones, -um (m.) ; 
of the Lestrygones, Lestrygonian, Les- 
trygoniug, -a, -um. 

Latorius, Letorius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Latorius, Letorius, -a, -um. 

Letus, Letus, -i (m.). 

Levi, the, Levi, -orum (m.). 

Levina, Levina, -w (f.). 

Levinius, Levinius, -ii (m.). 

Levinus, Levinus, -i (m.). 

Levins. Levius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
Levius, Levianus, -a, -um. 

Levus, Levus, -i (m.). 

Lagos, Lagos, -i (f.). 

Lagous, the, Lagous, -i (m.). 

Lagus, Lagus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Lagus (or the Lagida), Lagéus, -a, -um; 
son or descendant a Lagus, Lagides, 
-& (m.). 

Lais, Lais, -idis (f.). 

Latus, Laius, -ii (m.); son of Latus, Laia- 
des, - (m.). 

Lalage, Lalage, -es (f.). 

Lamia, Lamia, - (m.); of or relating to 
Lamia, Lamianus, -a, -um.—2. (f) a 
city. 

Lampadius, Lampadius, -ii (m.). 

Lampetie, Lampetie, -es (f.) 

Lamponia, Lamponia, -® (f.). 

Lampridia, Lampridia, -@® (f.). 

Lampridius, Lampridius, -ii (m.). 

Lamprus, Lamprus, -i (m.). 

Lampsacus, Lampsacus, -i ( f.), and Lamp- 
sacum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Lamp- 
sacus, Lampsacene, Lampsacénus, -a, 
-um, and Lampsacius, -a, -um. 

Lampsus, Lampsus, -i ( f.) 

Lampus, Lampus, -i (m.). 

Lamus, Lamus, -i (m.). 

Lanassa, Lanassa, -® (f.). 

Lancia, Lancia, -» (f.); of or belonging 
to Lancia, Lancian, Lanciensis, -e. 

Laxgobardi, v. Lombardy. 

Lanuvium, Lanuvium, -ii (”.); of or be- 
longing to Lanuvium, Lanuvian, Lanu- 
vinus, -a, -um. 

Laocoon, Ladco6n, -ontis (m.). 

Laodamia, Laddamia, -@ (f.). 

Leaodice, Laddice, -es (f.). 

Laodicea, \.addicéa, -@ (f.); of or belong 
ing to Laodicea, Laodicensis, -e; the in- 
habitants of Laodicea, Laodicéni, -orum 
(m.). 

Caomache, Ladmache, -es (f.). 

Laomedon, Ladmédon, -ontis (m.); of or 
belonging to Laomedon, Laomedonté- 


a 
ee EEE EEEEE EEE SEES EERIE 


us, -a,-um, and Laomeduntius, -a, -um; | 
730 


LEB 


son of Laomédon, Luvmedontades, -e 


(m.). 

Lapathus, Lapathus, -untis (2). 

Lapitha, Lapitha, -w (f.). . 

Lapithe, the, Lapithe, -aram (m.); of or 
relating to the Lapithe, Lapitheus or 
-théius, -a, -um. 

Lapurdum, Lapurdum, -i (n.); of or be 
longing to Lapurdum, Lapurdensis, -e. 

Lara, Lara, -e (f.). 

Larentia, Larentia, - (f.), of or relating 
to Larentia, Larentalis, -e. 

Lares, the, Lares, -ium (m.) ; of or relating 
to the Lares, Laralis, -e. 

Largius, Largius, -ii (m.). 

Largus, Largus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Largus, Largianus, -a, -um. 

Larinum, Larinum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Larinum, Larinas, -atis (@dj.), 
and Larinus, -a, -um. 

Larissa, Larissa, -« (f.); of or belonging 
to Larissa, Larisseus. -a, -um; the inhab- 
itants of Larissa, Larissenses, -ium (m.). 

Larissus, the, Larissus, -i (m.). 

Larius (Lake), Larius, -ii (m.), Lacus; of 
or belonging to (the Lake) Larius, La- 
rius, -a, -um. 

Laronia, Larénia, -® (f.). 

Laronius, Larénius, -ii (m.). 

Lartidius, Lartidius, -ii (m.). 

Lartius, Lartius, -ii (m.). 

Lasaa, \.as@a, -8 (f.). 

Lasia, Lasia, -@ ({.). 

Lateranus, Lateranus, -i (m.); Lateran, 
Lateranus, -a, -um. 

Latinius, Latinius, -ii (m.). 

Latins, the, v. Latium. 

Latinus, Latinus, -i (m.). 

Latium, Latium, -ii (n.); of or belonging 
to Latium, Latin, Latinus, -a, -um; La- 
tius, -a, -um; and late Latiniensis, -e; 
born in Latium, Latinigéna, - (m.) ; 
the Latins, Latini, -orum (m.). 

Latmus, Latmus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Latmus, Latmian, Latmius, -a. -um. 
Latona, Latona, -e (f.); Lato. ts (f.); 
of or relating to Latona, Latoius. -a, 
-um, and Latonius, -a, -um; son of La- 
tona, Latoides, - (m.), and L.atonigé6na, 
- (m.); daughter of Latona, \.atois, 
-idis; Latonia, -#; and Latonigéna. -® 


Latreus, Latreus, -eos and -ei (m.). 

Latris, Latris, -is (f.). 

Latro, Latro, -onis (m.); of or relating to 
Latro, Latronianus, -a, -um. 

Laud, the, Laud, indecl. (m.). 

Laura, Laura, -@ (f.). 

Laurence, Laurens, -entis, and Laurenti- 
us, -ii (m.). 

Laurentius, Laurentius, -ii (m.). 

Laurentum, Laurentum, -i (n.); of or be 
longing to Laurentum, Laurentian, Lau- 
rens, -entis (adj.); Laurentinus, -a, -um; 
and Laurentius, -a, -um. 

Laureolus, Lauredlus, -i (m.). 

Lauro, Lauro, -dnis (f.); of or belonging 
to Lauro, Laur6énensis, -e. 

Laurus, Laurus, -i (m.). 

Laus, Laus, -dis (f.), Pompeia; of or re- 
lating to Laus, Laugensis, -e. 

Laiis, the, Laiis, -i (m.), v. Poltcastro. 

Lausanne, Lausanna, -® (f.); Lausoni- 
um, -ii (7.). 

Lausus, Lausus, -i (m.). 

Laverna, Laverna, -@ (f.) ; of or relating 
to Laverna, Lavernilis, -e. 

Lavernium, Lavernium, -ii (n.). 

Lavinia, Lavinia, -# (f.). 

Lavinium, Lavinium, -ii (n.), and Lavt- 
num, -i (n.); of or belonging to Lavini- 
um, Lavinian, Lavinius, -a, -um, and 
Lavinus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of La- 
vinium, Lavinienses, -ium (m.). 

Lavoro (Terra di), Campania, -® (f.). 

Lawrence, v. Laurence. 

Lazarus, Lazarus, -i (m.). 

Leah, Léa, -e (f.). 

Leena, Leena, -® (f.). 

Leander, Leander and Leandrus, -i (™.) ; 
of or relating to Leander, Leandrius, -8, 
-um, and Leandricus, -a, -um. 

Learchus, Learchus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
to Learchus, Learchéus, -a, -um. 

Lebade, Lebade, -es (f.). 

Lebadéa, Lebedéa or dia, -@ (f.). 

Lebbeus, Lebbeus, -i (m.). 

Lebedus, Lébédus., -i (f.). 

Lebinthus, Lebinthus, «i (f.). 





LEU 


Lecca, V. Leca. 


Lech, the, Lichus, -i (m.). 

Lechéum, Lechsum, -i (n.), and Lechés 
-arum (f.) ; of or belonging to Lecheum, 
Lechéan, Lecheus, -a, -um. 

Lectius, Lectius, -ii (m.). 

Lectum, Lectum, -i (n.). 

Leda, Léda, -e, and Lede, -es (f.); of o 
relating to Leda, Ledeus, -a, -um, and 
Ledéius, -a, -um, 

Ledas, Lédas, -& (m.). 

Ledus, Ledus, -i (m.). 

Leeds, Ledesia, -x (f.). 

Leghorn, Liburnicus Portus. 

Leicester, Legecestria, -® (f.). 

Leipsic, Lipsia, -@ ( f.). 

Leith, Letha, -@ (f.). 

Leleges, the, Léléges, -um ‘m.), of or re 
lating to the Leleges, Lélégéius, -8, -um 
pecul. fem., Lelegéis, -idis. 

Leler, Lélex, -6gis (m.). 

Leman (Lake), v. Geneva. 

Lemgo, Lemgovia, -& (f.). 

Lemnos, Lemnos, -i (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Lemnos, Lemnian, Lemnius, -a, -urm 
and Lemniacus, -a, -um; pecul. fem. 
Lemnias, -adis; an inhabitant of Lem 
nos, LemnicOla, -s (m.). 

Lemovices, the, Lemovices, -um (m.); of 
or belonging to the Lemovices, Lemmovi 
censis, -€. 

Lemovicum, Lemévicum, -i (n.). 

Lemovii, the, Lem6vii, -orum (m,). 

Lenas, v. Lenas. 

Lentus, Lenius, -ii (m.). 

Lentidius, Lentidius, -ii (m.). 

Lentinus, Lentinus, -i (m.). 

Lento, Lento, -dnis (m.). 

Lentulus, Lentilus, -i (m.). 

Leo, Leo, -onis (m.). 

Leon, Leon, -ontis (m.). 

Leonard, Leonardus, -i (m.). 

Leonidas, Lednidas, -s (m.). 

Leonides, Leonides, -# (m.). 

Leonnatus, Leonnatus, -i (m.). 

Leonorius, Leonorius, -ii (m.). 

Leontini, Leontini, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to Leontini, Leontinus, -a. -um. 

Leontium, Leontium, -ii (f.). 

Leontius, Leontius, -ii (m.). 

Leontopolis, Leontdpolis, -is ( f.) ; of or be 
longing to Leontopolis, Leontopdlites 


-& (m.). 

Leopold, Leopoldus, -i (m.). 

Leotychides, Leotychides, -s (m.). 

Lepanto, Naupactus, -i (f.); Gulf of Le 
panto, Sinus Corinthiacus. 

Lepidus, Lépidus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Lepidus, Lepidanus, -a, -um, and 
Lepidianus, -a, -um. 

Lepinus, Lepinus, -i (m.). 

Lepontii, the, Lepontii, -orum (m.); of or 
belonging to the Lepontit, Leponticus, 
-a, -um. 

Lepreon, Lepreon, -i (n.). 

Lepria, Lepria, -& (f.). 

Leprion, Leprion, -ii (n.). 

Lepta, Lepta, -# (m.). 

Leptines, Leptines, -is (m.). 

Leptis, Leptis, -is ( f.) ; of or belonging to 
Leptis, Lepticus, -a, -um, and Leptica- 
nus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of Leptis, 
Leptitani, -orum (m.), 

Lerida, llerda, -e (f.), q. v. 

Lerina, Lerina, -@ (f.). 

Lerna, Lerna, -®, and Lerne, -e8 (f.); of 
or belonging to Lerna, Lernsus, -a, -um. 

Lero, Lero, -dnis (f.). 

Leros, Leros, -i (f.). 

Lesbia, Lesbia, -® (f.). 

Lesbos, Lesbos and Lesbus, -i (f.); of or 
belonging to Lesbos, Lesbian, Lesbius, 
-a, -um; Lesbéus, -a,-um; and Lesbia- 
cus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Lesbias, -adis, 
and Lesbis, -idis. 

Lessina, Eleusis, -inis (f.), q. V- 

Lethe, the, Léthé, -es (f.); of or reating 
to the Lethe, Lethéan, Lethzus, -a, -um. 

Lethon, the, Lethon, -onis (m.). 

Letitia 41 ttn, (f). 

Letus, Letus, -i (m.). 

Leuca, Leuca, -@ (f.). 

Leucadia, Leucadia, -@ (f.), ana Leucas 
-Adis (f.); of er belonging to Leucadw 
Leucadius, -a, -um; pecul. masc., Leu 
cates, -@. 

Leuca, Leuce, -arum (/f.). 

Leucates (Cape), Leucites, - (m.) 





LiM 


Leuce, Leuce, -es (/.). 

Leuci, the, Leuci, -orum (m.) ; the country 
of the Ieuci, Leucia, -2 (f.). 

Leucippe, Leucippe, -es (f.). 

Leucippus, Leucippus, -i (m.); daughter 
of Leucippus, Leuvippis, -idis (f-). 

Leucon, Leucon, -énis (m.). 

Leuconée, Leucinée, -es (f.). 

Leucopetra, Leucopetra, -@ (f.). 

Zeucophryna, Leucophryna, -® ( f.). 

Leucopolis, Leucdpdlis, -is ( f.). 

Leucosia, Leucdsia, -x ( fi). 

Leucosyri, the, Leucdsyri, -orum (m.). 

Leucothea, Leucdthea, -# (f.). 

Leucéthée, Leucothée, -es (f:). 

Leuctra, Leuctra, -orum (n.); of or be- 
longing to Leuctra, Leuctricus, -a, 
-um, 

Levaci, the, Levaci, -orum (m.). 

Levadia, Lébadéa, -e (f.). 

Levana, Lévana, - (f.). 

Levant, the, Oriens, -entis (m.). 

Levi, Levi, indecl. (m.), but acc. Levim. 

Leviathan, Leviathan, indecl. (m.). 

Leviticus, Leviticus, -i (m.). 

Levsina, v. Lessina. 

Lewes, Lesua, -w (f.). 

Lewis, Ludovicus, -i (m.). 

Lerovii, the, Lexovii, -orum (m.). 

Leyden, Lugdunum, -i (n.), Batavorum. 

Libanus (Mount), Libanus, -i (m.); of or 
belonging to Libanus, Libanus, -a, -um ; 
pecul. fem., Libanitis, -idis. 

Liber, Liber, -éri (m.). 

Libera, Libéra, -« ( f.). 

Libethra, Libethra, -@ (f.), and Libethrus, 
-i (m.); of or belonging to Libethra, Li- 
bethris, -idis (fem. adj.), usual in plural, 
of Muses. 

Libcthrum, Libethrum, -i (n.). 

Libo, Libo, -dnis (m.). 

Liburnia, Liburnia, -@ (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Liburnia, Liburnicus, -a, -um, 
and Liburnus, -a,-um; the Liburnians, 
Liburni, -orum (m.). 

Libya, Libya, -« (f.); of or belonging to 
Libya, Libyan, Libycus, -a, -um ; Libys- 
tinus, -a, -um ; pecul. masc., Libys, -yos, 
and Libs, -ibis, fem., Libyssa, -w, and 
Libystis, -idis ; the Libyans, Libyes, -um, 
and Libyi, -orum (m.). 

Licentius, Licentius, -ii (m.). 

Licenza, the, Digentia, -s (m.). 

Licerius, Licerius, -ii (m.). 

Lichades (islands), Lichades, -um (f.). 

Lichas, Lichas, -#® (m.). 

Licinia, Licinia, -e (f.). 

Licinianus, Licinianus, -i (m.). 

Licinius, Licinius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Licinius, Licinius, -a, -um, and Li- 
cinianus, -a, -um. 

Licinus, Licinus, -i (m.). 

Licymnia, Licymnia, - (f.); of or relat- 
ing to Licymnia, Licymnius, -a, -um. 

Liddesdale, Lidalia, -# (f.). 

Liege, Leodicum or Leodium, -ii (m.); of 
Liege, Leodicensis, -e. 

Liffey, the, Avenlifnius, -ii (m.). 

Ligarius, Ligarius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Ligarius, Ligarianus, -a, -um. 

Ligdus, Ligdus, -i (m.). 

Ligea, Ligéa, -@ (f.). 

Liger, the, Liger, -éris (m.) ; of or relating 
to the Liger, Ligéricus, -a, -um. 

Ligniiz, Lignitia, -w (f.). 

Ligny, Ligneum, -ei (7.). 

Ligur, Ligur, -iris (m.). 

Liguria, Ligiria, -w (f.); of Liguria, Li- 
gurian, Ligur, -iris (adj.) ; Ligusticus, 
-a, um; and Ligurinus, -a, -um ; pecul. 
Sfem., Ligustis, -idis; the Ligurians, Li- 
gures, -um (m.). 

Ligurius, Ligirius, -ii (m.). 

Ligustinus, Ligustinus, -i (m.). 

Lilybeum, Lilybeum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Lilybeum, ry ag -a, -um; 
Lilybéius, -a, -um; and Lilybwtanus, 
-8, -umM. 

Lima, Lima, -@ (f.). 

Limburg, Limburgum, -i (n.); of Lim- 
burg, Limburgensis, -e. 

Limera, Liméra, - (f.). 

Limerick, Limericum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Limerick, Limericensis, -e. 
Limia, Limia, - (f.); of or belonging to 

Limia, Limicus, -a, -um. 

Limnea, Limnea, -@ (f,). 

Cismoges, Augustoritum, -i (n.). 

Camonum, Limonum, ‘i (n.). 


LUC 


Limyra, Limjra, -#, and Limyre, ~1s (f.), 
and Limyra, -orum (n.) 


Lincoln, Lindum, -i (n.); Lincoluia, -e | 


(f.); of or belonging to Lincoln, Lin- 
colniensis, -e. 

Lindau, Lindovia, -# (/f.). 

Lindus, Lindus, -i (/.); of or belonging 
to Lindus, Lindius, -a, -um. 

Lingen, Linga, -e (f.). 

Lingones, the, Lingones, -um (m.); of or 
relating to the Lingones, Lingdnicus, -a, 
-um, and Lingonensis, -. 

Linus, Linus, -i (m.). 

Lionel, Leonellus, -i (m.). 

Lipara, } Lipara, -#, and Lipare, -es (f.) ; 

Lipari, of or relating to Lipara, Lipa- 
réan, Lipareus, -a, -um; Liparensis, -e; 
and Liparitanus, -a, -um; the Lipari 
Islands, dliw Insule. 

Liparus, Liparus, -i (m.). 

Lippe, the, Lipia, - (m.). 

Lirinus, Lirinus, -i (f.); of or belonging 
to Lirinus, Lirinensis, -e. 

Liriope, Liridpe, -es (f.). 

Liris, the, Liris, -is (m.); the dwellers on 
the Liris, Lirinates, -um or -ium (m.). 
Lisbon, Olisipo, -dnis (f.); of or belong- 

ing to Lisbon, Olisiponensis, -e. 

Lirieuz, Lexovium, -ii (n.). 

Listne, Lisine, -arum (f.). 

Lissum, Lissum, -i (n.). 

Litana, Litana, -® (f.). 

Liternum, Liternum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Liternum, Liternus, -a, -um, and 
Literninus, -a, -um. 

Liternus, the, Liternus, -i (m.). 

Litubium, Litubium, -ii (x.). 

Livadia, Boeotia, -e (f.); Hellas, -aiis 
(f.); Lake of Livadia, Copais Lacus, 


q. Vv. 

Livia, Livia, -@ (f.). 

Livianus, Livianus, -i (m.) 

Livias, Livias, -adis (f.). 

Livilla, Livilla, -e (f.). 

Livineinus, Livinéius, -ii (m.). 

Livius, Livius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging to 
Livius, Livius, -a, -um, and l.ivianus, 
-a, -um. 

Livonia, Livonia, - (f.). 

Livy, Livius, -ii (m.), q. v. 

Locri, the, Locri, -orum (m.); of or relat- 
ing, to the Locri, Locrensis, -e; the 
country of the Locri, Locris, -idis (f.). 
—2. Locri, -orum (m.), a city ; of Locri, 
Locrensig, -e. 

Locris, v. foregoing. 

Locutius, Locutius, -ii (m.). 

Lodi, Laus, -audis ( f.), Pompeia. 

Loire, the, Liger, -éris (m.), q. V- 

Lois, Lois, -idis ( f.). 

Lollia, Lollia, -# (f.). 

Lollianus, Lollianus, -i (m.). 

Lollius, Lollius, -ii (m.); of or relattng to 
Lollius, Lollianus, -a, -um. 

Lombardy, Langobardia, -s ( f.) ; the Lom- 
bards, Langobardi, -orum (m.); Lom- 
bard, Langobardus, -a, -um. 

London, Londinium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to London, Londiniensis, -e; New 
London, Novum Londinium. 

Londonderry, Robertum, -i (n.). 

Long Island, Macris, -idis (f.), sc. insula. 

Longarenus, Longarénus, -i (m.). 

Longford, Longotordia, - (f.). 

Longinus, Longinus, -i (m.). 

Longula, Longila, -« (f-); of or belong- 
ing to Longula, Longulanus, -a, -um. 

Longuntica, Longuntica, -@ (/f.). 

Longus, Longus, -i (m.). 

Loracina, the, Loracina, -s (m.). 

Lorch, Lauriacum, -i (n.). 

Lorium, Lorium, -ii (.), and Lorii, -orum 
(m.). 

Loryma, Loryma, -orum (n.). 

Lot, Lot or Loth, indecl. (m.). 

Lothian, Laudania, -# (f.). 

Lotophagi, the, Lotophagi, -orum and -6n 
(m.) ; the land of the Lotophagi, Lotoph- 
agitis, -idis (f.). 

Louis, Ludovicus, -i (m.), 

Louisa, Ludovica, -w (f.). 

Low Countries, Gallia Belgica (f.). 

Tua, Lua, -® (f.). 

rong} ey = ivading 

uca, -@ (f.); of or to 
Luca, Lucensis, -e; the inhabitants of 
Luca, Lucenses, -ium (m.). 
Lucagus, Liciagus, -i (m.). 
Lucan, Lucanus, -i (m.). 





| Lycastus, 


LYC 


Lucania, Lucania, - (f.); of or belong 

| ing w Lucania, Lucanian, Lucanus, -a 

-um, and Jate Lucanicus, -a, -um. 

| Lucas, v. Luke. 

Lucca, Luca, -e (f.), q. ¥. 

Lucceia, Lucceia, -# (/.). 

| Lucceius, Lucceius, -ii (m.). 

Luceium, Luceium, -ii (n.). 

Lucentum, Lucentum, -i (n.), of or be 
longing to Luce.tum, Lucentius, -a 
-um. 

Luceria, Lucéria, « ‘ f.); of or belonging 
to Luceria, Luc« rmus, -a, -um. 

Lucerne, Luceria, -#, an ULucerna, -e 
(f.); of Lucerne, Lucerneusis, -e ; Can 
ton of Lucerne, Pagu; !.ucernensis. 

Lucetius, Licétius. -ii (m.,. 

| Lucia, Lucia, -# (f.). 

Lucilianus, Lucilianus, -i (m.). 

Lucilius, Lucilius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Lucilius, Lucilianus, -a, -um. 

Lucilla, Lucilla, - (f.). 

Lucillus, Lucillus, -i (m.). 

Lucina, Lucina, -# (f.). 

Luciola, Lucidla, -# (f.). 

Luciolus. Liicidlus, -i (m.). 

| Lucius, Lucius, -ii (m.). 

Lucretia, Lucrétia, -# (f.). 

| Lucretilis (Mount), Lucretilis, -is (m.) ; 9 

or belonging to Lucretilis, Lucretilinus, 

| -8, -um, 

Lucretius, Lucrétius, -ii (m.); of or be 
longing to Lucretius, Lucretianus, -a 
-um. 

Lucrine (Lake), the, Lucrinus, -i (m.), La 

| cus; of or relating to the Lucrine Lake, 

Lucrinus, -a, -um, and Lucrinensis, -e. 

Luctatius, v. Lutatius. 

Lucullus, Lucullus, -i (m.); uf or relating 
to Lucullus, Lucullanus, -a, -um; Lu 
cullianus, -a, -um, and Luculléus, -a 
-um. 

Lucumo, Liciimo, -dnis (m.). 

| Lucus, Lucus, -i (m.). 

| Lucy, Lucia, -@ (f.). 

Lugano, Lucanum, -i (n.); Lago di Le 
wano, Ceresius Lacus, 

Lugdunum, Lugdunum, -i (n.); of or be 
longing to Lugdunum, Lugdinensis, - 

Luke, Lucas, - (m.). 

Luna, Luna, -® (f.); of or belonging 
Luna, Lunensis, -e 

Lund, Londinium, -ii (.), Scandinorum 
Lunda, -« (f.), Gothorum. 

Tiineburg, Luneburgum, -i (n.). 

Lunus, Lunus, -i (m.). 

Lupercal, Lupercal, -Alis (m.). 

Lupercus, Lupercus, -i (m.). 

Lupia, the, Lipia, - (m.). 

Lupinus, Lupinus, -i (m.). 

Lupus, Lipus, -i (m.). 

Lurco, Lurco, -6nis (m.). 

Lurda, the, Lurda, -® (m.). 

Lusatia, Lusatia, -® (f.). 

Luscienus, Luscienus, -i (m.). 

Luscinus, Luscinus, -i (m.). 

Luscius, Luscius, -ii (m.). 

Luscus, Luscus, -i (m.). 

Lusignan, Lusignanum, -i (n.). 

Lusitania, Lusitania, -2 (f-); of or be 
longing to Lusitania, Lusitanian, Lusi 
tanus, -a, -um. 

Lusius, the, Lusius, -ii (m.). 

Lutatius, Lutatius, -ii (m.); of or belong 
ing to Lutatius, Lutatianus, -a, -um, ana 
Lutatius, -a, -um. 

Lutetia, Lutetia, -e (f.). 

Lutorius, Lutorius, -ii (m.). 

Luxemburg, Augusta Romanduorum; [uw 
cibumzum, -i (7.). 

Luzxuetl, Luxovium, -ii (n.); of Lurueil, 
Luxoviensis, -e. 

Lyacura, Lycoreus, -ei (#.). 

Lycabas, Lycabas, -# (m.). 

Lycabettus, Lycabettus, -i (m.). 

Lyceus (Mount), Lyceus, -i (m.); of @ 
belonging to Lyceus. Lycsus, -a8, -um. 

Lycambes, Lycambes, -w «1 ) ; of or relat- 
ing to Lycambes, Lycambeus or -béua, 
-a, -um. 

Lycaon, Lycion, -dnis (m.); of or relating 
to Lycaon, Lycadnius, -a, -um; daugh 
ter of Lycaon, Lycaédnis, -idis (f.). 

Lycaonia, Lycadnia, -@ (f.); the intabiz 
ants of Lycaonia, Lycaénes, -um (m.) 
Lycaonian, Lycadnius, -a, -um. 

Lycaste, Lycaste, -es (f.). 

yeastus, -i (f.). 

Lyce, Lyce, -es (f.). 





7h 


MAC 


Lyceum, Lycéum, -i (7.). 

Lychnidus, Lychnidus, -i (f.). 

Lycia, Lycia, -e (f.); of Lycia, Lycian 
Lycius, -a, -um, 

Lycidas, Lycidas, - (m.). 

Lycisca, Lycisca, - (f.). 

Lyciscus, Lyciscus, -i (m.). 

Lyco, Lyco, -6nis (m.). 

Lycomédes, LycoOmédes, -is (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to Lycomedes, Lycomedéus, -a, 
-um. 

Lycon, Lycon, -dnis (f.), @ city.—2. (m.) 
a man's name. 

hron, Lycophron, -6nis (m.). 
psa Lycopolis, -is (f.) of or be- 
longing to Lycopolis, Lycopolitanus, -a, 
-um; pecul. masc., Lycopolites, -w. 

Lycorias, Lycorias, -adis (f.). 

Lycoris, Lycoris, -idis (f.). 

Lycormas, Lycormas, -t (m.). 

Lycortas, Lycortas, -z (m.). 

Lycotas, Lycotas, -w (m.). 

Syctus, Lyctus, -i (f.); of or belonging to 
Lyctus, Lyctius, -a, -um. 

Lycurgus, Lycurgus, -i (m.) , of or belong- 
ing to Lycurgus, Lycurgéus, -a, -um ; 
son of Lycurgus, Lycurgides, -e (m.). 

Lycus, Lycus, -i (m.). 

Lydda, Lydda, -@ (f.). 

Lydé, Lyde, -es (f.). 

Lydia, Lydia, -w (f.), a female name.—2. 
a country; of or belonging to Lydia, 
Lydian, Lydius, -a, -um, and Lydus, -a, 
-um ; the Lydians, Lydi, -orum (m.). 

Lygdamus, Lygdamus, -i (m.). 

Lymne, Lemanus, -i, and Lemanis, -is, 
Portus (m.). 

Lyncesta, the, Lynceste, -arum (m.); of 
or belonging to the Lynceste, Lynces- 
tus, -a,-um; and Lyncestius (m.), Lyn- 
cestis, -idis (f.). 

Lynceus, Lynceus, -eos and -ei (m.) ; of or 
relating to Lynceus, Lyncéus, -a, -um ; 
son of Lynceus, Lyncides, -23 (m.). 

Lyncus, Lyncus, -i (m.). 

Lynn, v. Lymne. 

Lyons, Lugdunum, -i (z.), Hduorum, the 
Lyonnois or district wround Lyons, Lug- 
dunensis Ager ; of o7 belonging to Ly- 
ons, Lugdunensis, -e; Gulf of Lyons, 
Sinus Ligusticus. 

Eyrnessus, Lyrnessus, -i (f.); of or be- 
longing to Lyrnessis, Lyrnessius, -a, 
-um; pecul. fem., Lyrnessis, -idis, and 
Lyrnessias, -adis. 

Lysander, Lysander, -dri (m.). 

Lysanias, Lysanias, -# (m.). 

Lysias, Lysias, -x (m.), man's name ; of or 
relating to Lysias, Lysiacus, -a, -um ; 
son of Lysias, Lysiades, -w (m.).—2. Ly- 
sias, -adis (f.), a city. 

Lysidicus, Lysidicus, -i (m.). 

Lysimachia, Lysimachia, -e (f.) ; of or be- 
longing to Lysimachia, Lysimachien- 
sis, -e. 

Lysimachus, Lysimachus, -i (m.). 

Lysinée, Lysinoé, -es (f.). 

Lysippus, Lysippus, -i (m.). 

Lysis, Lysis, -idis (m.), a man’s name.—2. 
Lysis, -is (m.), @ river. 

Lysistratus, Lysistratus, -i (m.). 

Lyso, Lyso, -dnis (m.). 

Lystra, Lystra, -® (f.); Lystra, -orum 
(n.); and Lystre, -arum (f.); the in- 
habitants of Lystra, Lystréni, -orum 


(m.). 
Lytrotes, Lytrites, -s (m.). 


Maas, the, v. Meuse. 

Mabel, Mabilia, -z#, or Amabilis, -is (f-). 

Maca, the, Mace, -arum (m.). 

Macareus, Macareus, -eos and -ei (m.); 
ean of Macareus, Macaréis, -idis 
(f.). 

Macaria, Macaria, -e (f.). 

Macarius, Macarius, -ii (m.). 

Macaius, Macatus, -i (m.). 

Maccabeus, Maccabwus, -i (m.) ; the Mac- 
cabees, Maccabassi, -orum. 

Macedon, asta -e (f.) ; of or be- 

Macedonia, § longing to Macedonia, Mac- 
edonian, Macédonicus, -a, -um; Macé- 
dénius, -a, -um; and poet., Macédoéniet- 
sis, -e; pecul. masc., Macédo, -dnis; a 
Macedonian, Macedo, -dnis (m.); th 
Macedonians, Macédones, -um. 

ope Macédon, -dnis (m.), a man’s 

32 








MAG 


name ; of or relating to Macedon, Mace- 
donianus, -a, -um. 

Macella, Macella, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Macella, Macellinus, -a, -um. 

Macellinus, Macellinus, -i (m.). 

Macer, Macer, -cri (m.). 

Macherus, Macherus, -untis (f.). 

Machaon, Machaon, -dnis (m.); of or re- 
lating to Machaon, Machadnicus, -a, 
-um, and Machaonius, -a, -um. 

Macistus, Macistus, -i (m.). 

Macra, Macra, -® (f.), an island.—2. (m.) 
a river. 

Macrianus, Macrianus, -i (m.). 

Macrinus, Macrinus, -i (m.). 

Macris, Macris, -idis ( f.). 

Macro, Macro, -6nis (m.). 

Macrobii, the, Macrobii, -orum (m.). 

Macrobius, Macrobius, -ii (m.). 

Macrones, the, Macrones, -um (m.). 

Macronisi, Helena, -w#, and Macris, -idis 


(f). 

Macula, Macula, -w (m.). 

Madagascar, Hannonis Insula, -@ ( f.). 
Madauri, Madauri, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to Madauri, Madaurensis, -e. 
ere (Islands), the, Purpurarie Insu- 

we (f.). 

Madisn Madian, indecl. (f.), v. Midian. 

Madoch, Madocus, -i (m.). 

Madras, Melange, -es (f.). 

Madrid, Mantua, -» (f.), Carpetanorum ; 
Madritum, -i (7.). 

Maduatent, Maduaténi, -orum (m.). 

Madytus, Madytus, -i (f.). 

Meander, the, Meander or Mwandrus, -i 
(m.); of or relating to the Meander, 
Mezeandrius, -a, -um, and Meandricus, 
<8, -um. 

Meandria, Meandria, -# (f.). 

Maecenas, Mecénas, -atis (m.), of or re- 
lating to Maecenas, Mescénatianus, -a, 
-um. 

Macia, Mecia, -@ (f.). 

Maecilius, Mecilius, -1i (m.) 

Macius, Meecius, -ii (m.). 

Medi, the, Medi, -orum (m.); of or relat- 
ing to the Madi, Medicus, -a, -um. 

Melius, Meelius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
Melius, Mzlius, -a, -um, and Melianus, 
-a, -um. 

Menalus (Mount), Menala, -orum (n.); 
Menialus, -i (m.); of or belonging to 
Menalus, Mznalius, -a, -um; pecul, 
masc., Menalides, -e; fem., Menalis, 
-idis. 

Menaria, Menaria, - (f.). 

Menius, Meenius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Menius, Meenianus, -a, -um. 

Menoba, Mienoba, - (f.). 

Meon, Mzon, -6nis (m.). 

Meénes, the, MzOnes, -um (m.) ; the coun- 
try of the M@ones, Maonia, Msednia, - 
(f.); of Maonia, Meonian, Meeonius, -a, 
-um; Meon, -dnis, and Mwénides, -@ 
(m.); Mezonis, -idis (f.). 

Maotis (Lake), Meotis, -idis (f.), Palus ; 
also, Mzotis (absol.); Med6tica Palus; 
Meo6ticus Lacus; and Meotides Palu- 
des; of or belonging to Lake Maotis, 
Meotic, Mzdticus and Meotius, -a, -um; 
the dwellers on or around the Maotis, 
Mesdte, -arum, and Meotide, -arum 
(m.). 

Mara, Mera, -® (f.). 

Maestricht, Trajectum, -i (m.), ad Mosam. 

Mavia, Mevia, -@ (f.). 

Mevius, Meevius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Mevius, Mevianus, -a, -um. 

Magdala, Magdala, -e (f.), and Magda- 
lum, -i (n.); of or belonging to Magda- 
la, Magdalene, Magdaléné, -es ( f.). 

Magdalene, Magdaléna, -, and Magdalé- 
né, -es (f.), fem. proper name, but v. fore- 
going. 

Magdeburg, Magdeburgum, -i (n.); of 
Magdeburg, Magdeburgensis, -e. 

Mageddo, Mageddo, indecl. (f.); the in- 
habitants af Mageddo, Magedds, -arum 
(m.). 

Magetobria, Magetobria, -@ (f.). 

Maggiore (Lago), Verbanus, -i (m.), La- 
cus. 

Magia, Magia, -@ (f.). 

Magius, Magius, -ii (m.). 

Magnentius, Magnentius, -ii (m.) ; the par- 
tisans of Magnertius, Magnentiani, 
-orum (m.). 

Magnes Magnes, -étis (m 


MAN 


Magnesia, Magnesia, -w (f-) ; of 07 belong 
ing to Magnesia, Magnesian, Magnési 
us, -a, -um; Magnéticus, -a, -um; Mag 
nes, -€tis (m.); and Magnessa, -# (f.); 
the inhabitants of Magnesia, Magnétes 
-um (m.). 

Magnus, Magnus, -i (m.). 

Mago, Mago, -Onis (m.). 

Magog, Magog, indecl. (m.).—2. (f.) « 
cil 


Magontiacum, Magontiaicum, -i (7.). 

Magra, the, Macra, -2 (m.). 

Magrada, the, Magrada, -« (m.). 
Maguilla, Magulla, -2 (f.); of o- belong 
ing to Magulla, Magullinus, -a, -um. 

Magus, Magus, -i (m.). 

Maherbal, Maherbal, -alis (m.). 

Mahon (Port), Magonis Portus (m.) ; some 
times Mage, -Onis. 

Maia, Maia, -e (f.); son of Maia, Maié- 
des, -w (m.), and Maiigéna, -# (m.). 

Maidstone, Madus, -i (f.). 

Main, the, Menus or Mcenus, -i (m.). 

Maine, Cevomania, -w (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Maine, Cenomanensis, -e ; the in- 
eas of Maine, Cenomanni, -orum 
m.). 

Maius, Maius, -ii (m.). 

Majorian, Majorianus, -i (m.). 

Majorca, Balearis Major or Balearium Ma- 
jor (f.); Majorica, -w (f.), late. 

Malabar, Male, -es ¢ f-.). 

Malacca, Aurea Chersonésus. 

Mailaca, ere -@ (f); of or belong: 

Malaga, ing to Malaca, Malacitanus, 
-a, -um. 

Malachi, Malachias, -z (m.). 

Malchinus, Malchinus, -i (m.). 

Maichio, Malchio, -dnis (m.). 

Mailchus, Malchus, -i (m.). 

Malden, Camaldunum, -i (n.). 

Malea, Malea, -® (f.); of or relating w 
Malea, Maledticus, -a, -um, and Maléus 
or Malius, -a, -um. 

Maleventum, Maleventum, -i (7.). 

Malians, the, Maliés, -e6n (m.); of or be 
longing to the Malians, Malian, Malia- 
cus, -a,-um; Maliensis, -e; and Malius 
-a, -um; the Malian Gulf, Maliacus Si 
nus, 

Malileolus, Malledlus, -i (m.). 

Mailli, the, Malli, -orum (m.). 

Mallia, Mallia, -# (f.). 

Mallius, Mallius, -ii (@m.) ; af or relating w 
Mallius, Mallius, -a, -um. 

Mailea, Malla, - (f.). 

Mallus, Mallus or Mallos, -i (f.); of or be 
longing to Mallus, Malldtes, - (m.). 

Malmsbury, Maldunense Coenobium. 

Malta, Melita, -z (f.), q. v. 

Malihace, Malthace, -es (f.). 

idalihinus, Malthinus, -i (m.)- 

Mambre, Mambre, indeci., and Mambra. 
-B (f.). 

RE ON S Mamercinus, -i (m.). 

Mamercus, Mamercus, -i (m.). 

Mamertines, the, Mamertini, -orum (%.); 
Mamertine, Mamertinus, -a, -um. 

Mamertus, Mamertus, -i (m.). 

Mamilia, Mamilia, -® (f.). 

Mamilius, Mamilius, -ii (m.); of or relat 
ing to Mamilius, Mamilianus, -a, -um. 
Mammea, Mammea, -@ (f.); of or relat- 

ing to Mammea, Mammeanus, -a, -um. 

Mamortha, Mamortha, -» (f.). 

Mamurius, Mamurius, -ii (m.). 

Mamurra, Mamurra, -® (m.); of or relat 
ing to Mamurra, Mamurranus, -a, -um. 

Man (Isle of), Mona, -® (f.), Insula. 

Manasses, Manasses, -, and Manasse, in- 
decl. (m.). 

Manastabal, Manastabal, -alis (m.). 

Manchester, Mancunium, -ii (7.). 

Mancia, Mancia, -# (m.). 

Mancinus, Mancinus, -i (m.); of or be 
longing to Mancinus, Mancinianus, -a 


-um. 
Mandela, Mandéla, -# ( 23 of or belong: 
ing to Mandela, Mandelanus, -a, -um. 
Mandonius, Mandonius, -ii (m.). 
Mandrocles, Mandrocles, -is (m.). 
Mandropolis, Mandropdlis, -is (f.). 
Mandubii, Mandibii, -orum (m.). 
Manduria, Manduria, -# (/f.). 
Manes, Manes, -étis (m.) ; the followers of 
Manes, Manichei, -orum (m.). 
Manetho, Manetho, -dnis (m.). 
Manfredonia, Manfredonia, -» (f.). 
Manheim, Manhemium, -ii (".). 








PA 


i Pe ae ee ee 


Bled bs 


ita es a Te, 


MAR 


Manta, Mania, -# (f.). 

Manichauns, the, v. Manes. 

Manicius, Manicius, -ii (m.). 

Manilia, Manilia, -# (f.). 

Manilius, Manilius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Manilius, Manilianus, -a, -um. 

Manilla, Lusonia, -» (f.); the Manilla 
Islands, Lusonie Insulw. 

Manius, Manius, -ii (m.). 

Manlius, Manlius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Manlius, Manlius, -a, -um, and 
Manlianus, -a, -um. 

Mannus, Mannus, -i (7-). 

Mansfeld, Mansfeldia, -w (f.); of Mans- 
Jeld, Mansfeldensis, -e. 

Mantinéa, Mantinéa, -@ (f.). 

Manto, Manto, -us (/f.). 

Mantua, Mantua, -® (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Mantua, Mantuan, Mantuanus, -a, 
-um. 

Manturna, Manturna, -® (f.). 

Maracanda, Maracanda, -orum (7.). 

Marathe, Marathe, -es (f.), of or belong- 
ing to Marathe, Marathénus, -a, -um. 

Marathon, Marathon, -6nis ( f.); of or be- 
longing to Marathon, Marathonius, -a, 
-um; pecul. fem., Marathonis, -idis. 

Marathus, Marathus, -i (m.), a man’s name. 
—2. or Marathos, -i (f.), a céity—3. Mar- 
athus, -untis (/.), another city. 

Marbach, Collis Peregrinorum; Marbach- 
ium, -ii (7.). 

Marbury, Amasia, -# ( f.), Cattorum ; Mat- 
tium, -ii (7.). 

Marcella, Marcella, -@ (f.). 

Marcellina, Marcellina, -w (f.). 

Marcellinus, Marcellinus, -i (m.). 

Marcellus, Marcellus, -i (m.), of or relat- 
ing to Marcellus, Marcellianus, -a, -um. 

March, the, Marus, -i (m.). 

Marchubii, the, Marchubii, -orum (m.). 

Marcia, Marcia, - (f.). 

Marcianopolis, Marcianopdlis, -is (f-). 

Marcian, Marcianus, -i (m.). 

Marcilius, Marcilius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Marcilius, Marcilianus, -a, -um. 
Marcion, Marcion, -dnis (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Marcion, Marcionensis, -e ; masc. 

dj., Marcionita or -ista, -@. 

Marcius, Marcius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Marcius, Marcius, -a, -um, and Mar- 
cidnus, -a, -um. 

Marcodurum, Marcodurum, -i (m.). 

Marcolica, Marcolica, -@ (f.). 

Marcomanni, the, MarcOmanni, -orum 
(m.); the country of the Marcomanni, 
Marcomannia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to the Marcomanni, Marcomannicus, -a, 
-um. 

Marcus, Marcus, -i (m.). 

Mardi, the, Mardi, -orum (m.). 

Mardocheus, Mardocheeus, -i (m.). 

Mardonius, Mardonius, -ii (m.). 

Mardus, the, Mardus, -i (m.). 

Marea, Marea, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Marea, Marcotic, Maredticus, -a, -um , 
ip fem., Mareotis, -idis; the Mareot- 

Lake, Maredtis, -idis (f.), absol., and 
* Mareotis Palus; the in nts of Ma- 
rea, Maredte, -arum (m.). 
Margiana, Margiana, -@ (f.). 
Margum, Margum, -i (”.). 
Marta, -@ (f.). 

Mariandyni, the, Mariandyni, -orum (m.) ; 
of or belonging to the Mariandynt, Ma- 
riandynus, -a, -um. 

Marianus, Marianus, -i (m.). 

Marica, Marica, -@ (f.). 

Maricas, Maricas, - (m.). 

Maricus, Maricus, -i (m.). 

Marina, Marina, -# (f.). 

Marinus, Marinus, -i (m.). 

Maritza, the, Hebrus, -i (m.) 

Marius, Marius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Marius, Marianus, -a, -um. 

Mark, Marcus, -i (m.). 

Marlborough, Cunetio, -onis (f-). 

Marmara, Proconnésus, -i (f.); Sea of 
Marmara, Propontis, -idis (f.). 

Marmaduke, Marmaducus, -i, and Valen- 
tinianus, -i (m.). 

Marmarica, Marmirica, -@ (f.); of or be 
longing to Marmarica, Marmaricus, -a, 
-um ; an inhabitant of Marmarica, Mar- 
miarides, -@ (m.). 

Marne, the, Matrdna, -e (m.). 

Afaro, Maro, -dnis (m.); of or relating w 
Maro, Maroniants, -a, -um. 

Maroboduus, Maroboduus, -i (m.). 





MAU 


Marocco, Maurocitenum, -i (”.); Maroc- 
canum Regnum. 

Maronea, Mar6énéa, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Maronea, Maronéus, -a, -um ; pe- 
cul, masc., MurG6nites, -8. 

Maronilla, Maronilla, -# (f.). 

Maronillus, Maronillus, -i (m.). 

Marpessus (Mount), Marpessus, -i (m.); 
of or belonging to Marpessus, Marpes- 
sius, -a, -um. 

Marrubium, Marrubium, -ii (n.); of or be 
longing to Marrubium, Marrubius, -a, 
-um. 

Marrucini, the, Marrucini, -orum (m.); of 
or relating to the Marrucini, Marruci- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Mars, Mars, -rtis (m.) ; poet. Mavors, -rtis 
(m.) ; of or relating to Mars, Martius, -a, 
-um, Martialis, -e; and Mavortius, -a, 
-um. 

Marséus, Marsvwus, -i (m.). 

Marseilles, Massilia, -# (f.), q. V- 

Marsi, the, Marsi, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Marsi, Marsian, Marsi- 
cus, -a, -um, and Marsus, -a, -um. 

Marsigni, the, Marsigni, -orum (m.). 

Marsus, Marsus, -i (m.). 

Marsyas, Marsyas, -® (m.). 

Martha, Martha, -# (f.). 

Martial, Martialis, -is (m.). 

Martianus, Martianus, -i (m.). 

Martin, Martinus, -i (m.). 

Martina, Martina, -# (f.). 

Martinus, Martinus, -i (.). 

Marulla, Marulla, -# (f.). 

Marullus, Marullus, -i (m.). 

Marus, the, Marus, -i (m.). 

Mary, Maria, -# ( f-). 

Masada. Masada, - ( f.). 

Mascat, Machorbe, -es, and Mescha, - (f.). 

Masgaba, Masgaba, -® (m.). 

Masinissa, Masinissa, - (m.). 

Maso, Maso, -onis (7.). 

Massa, Massa, -# (m.). 

Massada, v. Masada. 

Massasyli, the, Massesyli, -orum (m.); 
the country of the Massesyli, Massmsy- 
lia, -« (f.). 

Massagete, the, Massagéte, -arum (#.). 

Massaiia, v. Massilia. 

Massic (Hills), the, Massicus, -i (m.), Mons, 
and Massice, orum (n.); Massic, Mas- 
sicus, -a, -um. 

Massilia, Massilia, - ( F3 of or belong- 
ing to Massilia, Masstlian, Massalioti- 
cus, -a,-um; Massiliensis, -e; and Mas- 
silitanus, -a, -um. 

Massiva, Massiva, -# (m.). 

Massyli, the, Massyli, -orum (m.); of or 
belonging to the Massyli, Massyléus, -a, 
-um, and Massylius, -a, -um. 

Mastricht, v. Mestricht. 

Mastusia, Mastusia, -# ( f.). 

Masurius, Masurius, -ii (™.); of or relat- 
ing to Masurius, Masurianus, -a, -um. 

Maternus, Maternus, -i (m.). 

Matho, Matho, -dnis (m.). 

Matienus, Matiénus, -i (m.). 

Matilda, Matilda, -e (f.). 

Matinius, Matinius, -ii (m.). 

Matinus (Mount), Matinus, -i (.); of or 
relating to Mount Matinus, Matinian, 
Matinus, -a, -um. 

Matisco, Matisco, -dnis (f.). 

Matius, Matius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Matius, Matianus, -a, -um. 

Matrinia, Matrinia, -@ (/-). 

Matrinius, Matrinius, -ii (m.). 

Matrinus, Matrinus, -i (m.). 

Matréna, the, Matrona, - (m.). 

Matronianus, Matronianus, -i (m.). 

Matthew, Matthezus, -i, and Matthéus, -i 


(m.) 

Matthias, Matthias, -e (7.). 

Mattiwm, Mattium, -ii (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Mattium, Mattian, Mattideus, -a, 
-um. 

Mattius, Mattius, -ii (m.). 

Mattus, Mattus, -i (m.). 

Matuta, Matfta, -@ (/,). 

Maud, Matilda, - (/-). 

Maurentius, Maurentius, -fi (.). 

Mauri, the, v. Mauritania. 

ried ta Mauritius, -ii (m.). 

Mauricus, Mauricus, -i (m.). 

Mauritania, Mauritania, -# ; of or belong- 
ing to Mauritania, Mauritanicus, -a, 
-um ; the inhabitants of Mauritania, the 





MEG 


Moors, Mauri, -orum (m.); of or belong 
ing to the Moors, Moorish, Maurus, -& 
-um; Mauricus, -a, -um; ad (poet.) 
Maurisius or Maurisidcus, -a, -um. 

Mausolus, Mausolus, -i (m.); of or relat 
ing to Mausolus, Mausoleéus, -a, -um, 

Mavors, Mavors, -rtis (m.) ; appell. of Mars. 

Mazentius, Maxentius, -ii (m.); of or re 
lating to Mazentius, Maxentianus, -a 
-um. 

Mazimian, Maximianus, -i (m.) 

Mazimilian, Maximilianus, -i (m.). 

Mazimina, Maximina, -w (f-). 

Maximinus, Maximinus, -i (m.); of v7 re 
lating to Maximinus, Maximinianus, -& 
um. 

Mazimius, Maximus, -i (m.) 

Mazulla, Maxulla, -# (f.). 

Mayenne, Meduanum, -i (n.) 

Mayence, Moguntiacum, -i (71.) 

Mazaca, Mazaca, -w (f-). 

Mazaca, the, Mazacw, -arum (m.). 

Mazaces, the, Mazaces, -um (m.). 

Mazara, Mazara, -# (f.). 

Meander, the, v. Meander. 

Meauz, Meldw, -arum (f.); of Meaus, 
Meldensis, -e. 

Mecca, Macoraba, -orum (n.). 

Mechlin, Mechlinia, -# (f.). 

Mecklenburg, Megalépdlis, -is (f-). 

Mecyberna, Mecyberna, -# (f.); of or oe 
longing to Mecyberna, Mecybernwus, 
-a, -um. 

Medaba, Medaba, indecl. (f.). 

Medama, Medama, -# (/f.). 

Medea, Médéa, -w (f.); of or relating te 
Medea, Médéis, -idis ( fem. adj.). 

Medelin, Metallinum, -i (n.). 

Medeon, Medeon, -onis (f.); the inhabu 
ants of Medeon, Medionii, -orum (m.). 
Media, Média, -# (f.); of or belonging to 
Media, Median, Medicus, -a, -um, and 
Médus, -a, -um; the Medes, Médi, -orum 


(m.). 
Medina, Jathrrippa, - (f). 
Mediolanum, ) Mediolanum, -i (n.); of or 
Milan, } belonging to Mediola 
num, Mediolanensis, -e. 
Mediomatrici, the, Mediomatrici, rum 


(m.). 

Medion, v. Medeon. 

Mediterranean (Sea), the, Mare Nostrum 
Mare Magnum; only in late Latin, Med 
iterraneum Mare. 

Medoacus, Medoacus, -i (m.). 

Medon, Medon, -ontis (m.); @ son or de 
ascendant of Medon, Medontides, -e (m.) 

Medora, Medora, -® (/.). 

Medubriga, Medubriga, -# oF ; of or be 
longing to Medubriga, Medubrigen- 


ais, -2. 

Meduli, the, Médili, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to the Meduli, Medullinus, -a, 
-um, and Medullus, -a, -um. 

Medullia, Medullia, -@ (f). 

Medullina, Medullina, -# (f-) 

Medullus (Mount), Medullus, -i (m-). 

Medusa, Médisa, -s (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Medusa, Meduszeus, -a, -um. 

Medway, the, Meduacus, -i (m.). 

Megabazus, Megabazus, -i (m.). 

Megabocchus, Megabocchus, -i (m.) 

Megabyzus, Megabyzus, -i (m.). 

Megadorus, Megadorus, -i (™.). 

Megera, Megera, -@ (/.). 

Megale, Megale, -es (f.), appell. of Cybele . 
of or relating to Megale, Megalesius, -a 
-um. 

Megalopolis, Megildpdlis, -is; of or be 
longing to Megalopolis, Megalopolita- 
nus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of Mega- 
lopolis, Megalopolite, -arum (m.). 

Megara, Megara, - (f.), name of a wom 
an.—2. (f.) and Megara, -orum (7.), @ 
city; of or belonging to Megara, Mega- 
réus, -€, -um; Megaricus, -a,-um; Me- 
garensis, -e ; and (late poet.) Megareius, 
-a, -um; the country of Megara, Mega 
ris, Megaris, -idis (f.). 

Megareus, Megiréus, -eos and -ei (™.); 
of or relating to Megareus, Megaréius 
-a, -um. 

Megarice, Megirice, -es (f.). 
egasthénes, Megasthénes, -is (m-). 

Megeda, Megeda, -® (f.). 

Meges, Meges, -étis (m.). 

Megilla, Megilla, w (f,). 

Megilius, Megillus. -i (m.) 

Megisba, Megisba @ (f.). 


MEN 


Megiste, Megiste, es (f.). 

Megistus, Megistas, -i (m.). 

Me:3sen. Misna, -2; Misena, -@ (f.). 

Mela, Mela, -® (m.). 

Mela, Mele, -arum (f.). 

Melena, Melena, -® (f-). 

Melena, Melene, -arum (f.). 

Melambium, Melambium, -ii (7.). 

Melampus, Melampus, -ddis (m.). 

Melaneus, Melanéus, -eos and -ei (m.). 

Melanie, Melania, -@ (f.). 

Melanippe, Melanippe, -es (f.). 

Melano, Melano, -is ( f’ 

Melanira. Melanira, -# (j 5. 

Melanthius, Melanthius, -ii (m.). 

Melantho, Melantho, -is ( f.). 

Melanthus, Mélanthus, -i (m.); of or re 
lating to Melanthus, Melanthéus, -@,-um. 

Melas, the, Mélas, -anis (m.). 

Melasso, Pedasum, -i (n.). 

Melchisedech, Melchisedech, indecl. (s.). 

Melda, v. Meauz. 

Meldi, the, Meldi, -orum (m.) ; of the Mel- 
di (or of Meauz), Meldensis, -e. 

Meleager, Meleager and Meleagrus, -gri 
(m.); of or relating to Meleager, Melea- 
grius, -a, -um, and Meleagréug, -a, -um: 
pecul. fem. (strictly fem. patron.), Melea- 
gris, -idis. 

Meleda, Melita, -« (f.); of or belonging 
to Meleda, Melitzeus, -a, -um. 

Meles, the, Méles, -étis (m.) ; of or relating 
to the Meles, Melétéus, -a, -um. 

Melete, Mélste, -es (f.). 

Melfa, the, Melpis, -is (m.). 

Melfi, Melphia, -w (/f.). 

Melibea, Melibea, -e (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Melibea, Melibosus, -a, -um, and 
Meliboensis, -e (late). 

Melibeus, Melibosus, -i (m.). 

Melicent, Melicentia, -w (f.). 

Melicerta, Melicerta and Melicertes, -@ 


(m.). 

Melida, v. Meleda. 

Melissa, Melissa, -@ (f.). 

Melissus, Melissus, -i (m.). 

Melita, Melita, -w, and Melite, -es Cf of 
or belonging to Melita (Malta), Meliten- 
sis, -e; (of Meleda) Metitaal& -a, -um. 

Melius, Melius, -ii (m.). } 

Mella, Mella, -z (m.). 

Melodunum, Melodunum, -i (R.). 

Melos, Melos or Melus, -i (f:); of or be- 
longing to Melos, Melinus, -a, -um, and 
Melius, -a, -um. 

Melpoméne, Melpoméne, -es (f.). 

Melpum, Melpum, -i (7.). 

Melun, Melodunum, -i (n.). 

Memmius, Memmius, -ii (m.); of or be- 
longing to Memmius, Memmian, Mem- 
mius, -a, -um, and Memmianus, -@, -um ; 
a member of the Memmian line, Memmi- 
ades, -2 (m.), poet. 

Memnon, Memnon, -dnis (m.); of or be- 
longing to Memnon, Memndnius, -a, 


um. 

Memphis, Memphis, -is (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Memphis, Memphiticus, -a, -um ; 
pecul. masc., Memphites, -& ; pecul. fem., 
Mempbhitis, -idis. 

Mena, Menas, -w, and Menas, -&tis (1.). 

Menaicas, Menalcas, -# (m.). 

nalius, Menalius, -ii (m.). 

cander, Menander or Menandrus, -dri 

1); of or relating to Menander, Me- 

-andréus, -@, -um. 

Menapia, Menapia, -e (f.); the Menapii, 
Menapii, -orum (m.); Menapian, Me- 
napicus, -a, -um. 

Menas, v. Mena. 

Mende, Mende -es; Mendis, -is; and Men- 
dw, -arum (f.); of or belonging to 
Mende, Mendian, Mendésius, -a, -um, 
and Mendésivur, -@, -um; pecul. masc., 
Mendes, -étis. 

Mendes, Mynduz, -i ( f.). 

Menécles, Ménecles, -is (m.) ; of or relating 
to Menecles, Meneclius, -a, -um. 

Meneclides, Meneclides, -is (m.). 

Menecrates, Menecrates, -is (m.). 

Menedemus, Menedémus, -i (m.). 

Menelais, Menélais, -idis (f.). 

Menelaius (Mount), Menelaius, -ii (m.). 

Menelaiis, Ménélaus and Menelaos, -4 
(m.) ; of or relating to Menelaiis, Mene- 
ldéus, -a, -um. 

Menenius, Menénius, -ii (m.); of or be 
longing to Menenius, Menénius, -@, -um, 
and aS enus, -A, um. 

34 


- 


MET 


Menes, Ménes, -étis (m.). 

Menestheus, Menestheus, -eos and -ei (m.). 
Menippus, Menippus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Menippus, Menippéus, -a, -um. 

Mennis, Mennis, -is ( f.). , 

Meno, Méno, -énis (m.). 

Meneceus, Menoscets, -eos and -ei (m.) ; 
of or belonging to Meneceus, Mencecé- 
us, -a, -um. 

Menetes, Mencetes, -# (m.). 

Menetius, Mencetius, -ii (m.); son af Me- 
netius, Menostiades, - (m.). 

Menon, Ménon, -6nis (m.). 

Mentissa, Mentissa, -s ( f.). 

Mentor, Mentor, -dris (m.): of or belong- 
ing to Mentor, Mentoreus, -a, -um. 

Mentz or Menz, v. Mayence. 

Mercury, Mercirius, -ii (m.) ; Hermes, -® 
(m.); of or relating to Mercury, Mercu- 
rialis, -e ; Hermeus, -a, -um. 

Mercy, Misericordia, -@ (f.). 

Merenda, Merenda, -# (m.). 

Mergus, Mergus, -i (m.). 

Merida, Emerita, -® (f-), Augusta. 

Meriones, Meriénes, - (m.). 

Mermerus, Mermérus, -i (m.). 

Mermessus, Mermessus, -i (f.); of or be 
longing to Mermessus, Mermessius, -a, 
-um. 

Merobaudes, Merobaudes, -@ or -is (m.). 

Merobriga, Merobriga, -@ (f.); of or be- 
longing to Merobriga, Merobrigensis, -e. 

Meroe. Merée, -es (f.); of or belonging to 
Meroe, Meriiticus, -a, -um, and Mer6i- 
tanvs, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Meroe, 
Meroéni, -orum (m.). 

Merope, Merdope, -es (f.). 

Merops, Merops, -6pis (m.). 

Merric, Merricus, -i (m.). 

Merula, Merula, -e (m.). 

Mescmbria, Mesembria, - (f.); of or be- 
longing to Mesembria, Mesembriacus, 
-a, -um. 

Mesene, Méséne, -es (f.). 

Mesopotamia, Mesopdtamia, -@ (f.); of or 
belonging to Mesopotamia, Mesopdtami- 
us, -a, -um, and (late) Mesopotaménus, 
-a, -um. 

Messa, Messa, -@ (f.). 

Messala, Messala, -w (m.). 

Messalina, Messalina, -® (f.). 

Messalinus, Messalinus, -i (m.). 

Messana, ) Messina, -@ (f.); of or belong- 

Messina, ing to Messana, Messanen- 
sis, -€. 

Messapia, Messapia, -@  f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Messapza, Messapian, Messapius, 
-a, -um. 

Messapus, Messapus, -i (m.). 

Messeis, Messéis, -idis ¢ f.). 

ernie Messéna, -#, and Messéne, -es 
: 

Messenta, Messénia, -@ (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Messenia, Messénius, -a, -um. 

MEss1auH, MessIas, -@ (m.). 

Messina, Messina, -® (f.), q. V.; Faro di 
Messina, Fretum Siculum. 

Messius, Messius, -ii (m.). 

Mestra, Mestra, -w (f.). 

Mesua, Mesua, -t (f.). 

Metabus, Metabus, -i (m.,. 

Metagonium. Metagonium, -ii (n.). 

Metallinum, Metallinum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Metallinum, Metallinensis, -e. 

Metanira, Metanira, -@ (f.). 

Metapontum, Metapontum, -i (n.); of or 
belonging to Metapontum, Metaponti- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Metaurum, Metaurum, -i (%.). 

Metaurus, the, Metaurus, -i (m.); dwellers 
on the Metaurus, Metaurenses, -ium (m.). 

Metelin (the island), Lesbos, -i (f.), q. V.— 
2. (the city) Mytiléné, -es (f.), q. v. 

Metella, Metella, -@ (f-). 

Metellus, Metellus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Metellus, Metellinus, -a, -um. 

Methion, Methion, -dnis (m.). 

Methone, Methone, -es (f.). 

Methusaleh, Methusala, -@ (m.). 

Methydrium, Methydrium, -ii (n.). 

Methymna, Methymna, - (f.); of or be- 
longing to Methymna, Methymnzus, -8, 
-um; pecul. fem., Methymnias, -adis. 

Metia, Metia, -# (f.). 

Metianus, Metianus, -i (m.). 

Metilius, Metilius, -ii(m.). + 

Metina, Metina, -@ (f.). 

Metiosedum, Metiosedum, i %.). 

Metiscus, Metiscus, -i (m.). 


MIN 


Metius, Metius, -ii (m.). 

Meton, Méton, -dnis (m.). 

Metro, the, Metaurus, -i (m.), q. ¥. 

Metrodorus, Metrédorus, -i (m.). 

Metronaz, Metronax, -actis (m.). 

Metréphanes, Metrophanes, -is (m.). 

Metropolis, Metropolis, -is (f.); of or be 
longing to Metropolis, Metropoliténus, 
-a, -um; the inhabitants of Metropolis, 
MetropOlite, -arum (m.). 

Mettis, Mettis, -is (f.); of or belonging te 
Mettis, Metticus, -a, -um, and Metten 
sis, -e. 

Mettius, Mettius, -ii (m.) 

Mettus, Mettus, -i (m.). 

Metz, Divodirum, -i (n.); Mets, -arum 
and Mettis, -is (f.), q. Vv. 

Meuse, the, Mosa, -® (f.). 

Mevania, Mevania, -@ (f.); of or belong 
ing to Mevania, Mevanas, -atis (adj.). 
Mexico, Hispania Nova; Regio Mexicana, 
Mexican, Mexicanus, -a, -um. —2. (the 
city) Mexicépdlis, -is (f.); Mexicano 

rum Metropdiis. 

Mezentius, Mezentius, -ii (m.). 

Micah, Michzeas, - (m.). 

Michael, Michael, -élis (m.) ; Church of & 
Michael, Michaélium, -ii (n.). 

Micipsa, Micipsa, -# (m.). 

Micon, Micon, -6nis (m.). 

Midas, Midas, - (m.). 

Middletown, Mesdpdlis, -is (f.); of or be 
longing to Middletown, Mesdpolitanus, 
-8, -um. 

Midian, Midian, indecl. (m.) ; descendants 
of Midian, Midianites, Midianite or 
Madianite, -arum (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Midian or the Midianites, Midiantt- 
ish, Madianzus, -a, -um; pecul. fem. 
Madianitis, -idis. 

Midias, Midias, -s (m.). 

Midjeh, Halmydessus, -i (f.). 

Milan, Mediolanum, -i (7.), q. ¥- 

Milanion, Milanion, -6nis (m.). 

Miles, Milo, -onis (m.). 

Miletopolis, Milétopilis, -is (f.) ; the inhab 
itants of Miletopolis, Miletopolite, 
-arum (m.). 

Milétus, Milétus, -i (f.); of or belonging 
to Miletus, Milesian, Milésius, -a, -um ; 
pecul. fem., Milétis, -idis. —2. (m.) @ 
man’s name ; daughter of Miletus, Milé- 
tis, -idis ( f. 

Milford, Milfordia, -@ (f.); of Milford, 
Milfordiensis, -e. 

Milionia, Milionia, -@ (f.). 

Millionius. Millionius, -ii (m.). 

Millo, Melos, -i (f.). 

Miily, Milliacum, -i (7.). 

Miio, Milo, -dnis (m.); of or relating & 
Milo, Milonianus, -a, -um. 

Milonius, Milonius, -ii (m.). 

Miltiades, Miltiades, -is (m.). 

Milvian (Bridge), v. Mulvian. 

Milya, the, Milyz, -arum (m.). 

Milyas, Milyas, -adis (f-). 

Mimas, Mimas, -antis (m.). 

Mimnermus, Mimnermus, -i (m.). 

Minai, the, Minzi, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Minai, Minzus, -a, -um. 

Minatius, Minatius, -ii (m.). 

Mincius, i the, Mincius, -ii (m.); born om 

Mincio, the Mincius, Minciades, -s 
(m.). 

Mindius, Mindius, -ii (m.). 


Minerva, Minerva, -® (f.) ; Greek Athene, 
-e8 ; of er relating to Minerva, Minerva- 
lis, -e; Temple of Minerva, Athénzeum. 
-i (7). 

Minervium, Minervium, -ii (7.). 

Mingrelia, Mingrelia, -e (f-); Colchis, 
-idis (f.), q. v. 

Minho, the, Minius, -ii (m.). 

Minio, the, Minio, -6nis (m.). 

Minius, the, Minius, -ii (m.). 

Minorca, Balearis Minor or Baleérium 
Minor (f.); also late MinGrica, -z (f.). 

Minos, Minos, -dis (m.); of or relating te 
Minos, Minéius and Mind6us, -a, -um ; 
daughter of Minos, MinGis, -idis (f.). 

Minotaur, Minotaurus, -i (m.). 

Minturne, Minturne, -arum (f.) ; of or be 
longing to Minturna, Minturnensis, 

Minucia, Minucia, -e (/-). 

Minucius, Miniicius, -il (m.); of or relat 
ing to Minucius, Minucian, Mindcius 


“8, -um. 
Minye, the, Minys, -arum (m.). 
Minyas, Minyas, -@ (m.); daughter of 





MUP 


Minyas, Minyéias, -adis, ard Minyéis, 
-idis (f.) ; of or relating to Minyas, Min- 
yelus, -a, -um. 

Mirobriga, Mirobriga, -# (f.); of or be- 
longing to Mirobriga, Mirobrigensis, -e. 

Misagenes, Misagénes, -is (™.). 

Misenum, . (Cape), Misévum, -i (n.), Pro- 

Miseno, montorium, and Miséna, 
-orum (n.); of or belonging to (Cape) 
Misenum, Misénensis, -e, and Misénas, 
-Atis (adj.). 

Misenus, Misénus, -i (m.). 

Misitra, Lacedwmon, -dnis (f.); Sparta, 
-® (f.), qq. V- 

Misua, Misua, -@ (f.). 

Vithradates, Mithrad&tes, -is (m.), more 
cerrect than Mithridates, -is (m.); of or 
rviating to Mithradates, Mithradaticus, 
-tius or -téus, -a, -um; the Mithradatic 
war, bellum Mithradaticum. 

Mithras, Mithras or Mithres, -e (m.); of 
or relating to Mithras, Mithriacus, -a, 
-um. 

is oot Mityléné, -es (more correctly 

ytilene); Mityléna, -w; and Mitylé- 
ne, -arum (f.), v. Mytiléné. 

Mitys, the, Mitys, -yos or -yis (m.). 

Mnaseas, Mnaseas, - (m.). 

Mnaso, Mnaso, -dnis (m.). 

Mnemon, Mnémon, -6nis (m.). 

Mnemosyne, Mnémdsyne, -es, and Mne- 
mosyna, -8 ( f.). 

Mnesarchus, Mnésarchus, -i (m.). 

Mnesiléchus, Mnesilochus, -i (m.). 

Mnesitheus, Mnesitheus, -i (m.). 

Mnestheus, Mnesthéus, -eos and -ei (m.). 

Mnevis, Mnevis, -idis (m.). 

Moab, Moab, indecl. (m.); son or descend- 
ant of Moab, a Moabite, Moabites, -@ 
(m.); daughter of Moab, a Moabitish 
woman, Moabitis, -idis (f.). 

Mocha, Moca, -@ (f.). 

Modena, Mutina, -@ (f.), q. Vv. 

Modesta, Modesta, - (f.). 

Modestinus, Modestinus, -i (m.). 

Modestus, Modestus, -i (m.). 

Modius, Modius, -ii (m.). 

Modon, Mothone, -es (f.). 

Menue, the, Moenus, -i (m.). 

Meris, Moris, -idis (m.); Lake of Maris, 
or Lake Maris, Mosridis Lacus. 

Mesa, Moesa, -@ (f.). 

Masia, Mossia, -e (f.); of or belonging 
to Masia, Mesian, Mossidcus, Mossicus, 
-a, -um, and Mossius, -a, -um; the Me- 
sians, Mossi, -orum (m.). 

Mogontia, Mogontia, -« (f.). 

Mogrus, Mogrus, -i (m.). 

Moguntiacum, Moguntiacum, -i (n.); of 
or belonging to Moguntiacum, Mogun- 
tiacensis, -e. 

Moldavia, Moldavia, -@ (f.). 

Molo, Molo, -dnis (.). 

Moloch, Moloch, indecl. (m.). 

Molorchus, Molorchus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Molorchus, Molorchéus, -a, -um. 

Molossi, the, Molossi, -orum (m.); the 
country of the Molossi, Molossis, Mo- 
lossis, -idis (f.); of or belonging to the 
Molossi, Molossian, Molossus, -a, -um. 

Molossus, Molossus, -i (m.). 

Molpeus, Molpéus, -eos or -ei (m.). 

Molucca (Islands), the, Moluccew, -arum 
(f.), Insule. 

Molycria, Molycria, -® (f.). 

Mona, Mona, -® (f-). 

Moneses, Moneses, -is (m.). 

Monapia, Monapia, -® (f.). 

Monesi, the, Monesi, -orum (m.). 

Moneta, Monéta, -@ (f.). 

Monimus, Monimus, -i (m.). 

Monmouth, Monumethia, -e (f.), Mon- 
mouthshire, Monumethensis Comitatus, 

Montanus, Montanxs, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Montanus, Montanianus, -a, -um, 

Montauban, Mons Albanus (mm.). 

Montgomery, Mons Gomericus (m.) ; cown- 
ty of Montgomery, Montgomericensis 
Comitatus. 

Montpelier, Mons Pessulanus or Pessulus 


(m.). 

Montreal, Mons Regalis (m.). 

Montrose, Mons Rosarum (m.). 

Monychus, Monychus, -i (m.) 

Mopsium, Mopsium, -ii (n.). 

Mopsos, Mopsos, -i (f.). 

Mopsuestia, Mopsuestia, -@ (f.); of or be- 
longing to Mopsuestia, Mopeuesténus. 
a, -ura. 


MYC 


Mopsus, Mopsus, -i (m.); the partisans of 
opsus, Mopsii or Mopsiani, -orum (m.). 

Moravia, Moravia, -® (f.); the Moravians, 
Moravi, -orum (m.). 

Morgan, Morganus, -i (m.). 

Morges, Morginum, -i (n.). 

Morgus, the, Morgus, -i (m.). 

Morimene, Morimene, -es (f.). 

Morini, the, Morini, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to the Morini, Morinus, -a, -um, 

Morpeth, Corstorpitum or Morstorpitum, 
-i (n.). 

Morpheus, Morphéus, -eos and -ei (m.). 

Mosa, the, Mosa, -# (f-). 

Moscheni, the, Moschéni, -orum (m.). 

Moschi, the, Moschi, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Moschi, Moschicus, -a, 


-um. 

Moschus, Moschus, -i (m.). 

Moscow, Moscua, -@ (f.). 

Moselle, the, Mosella, -« (adi of or be- 
longing to the Moselle, Moselléus, -a, -um. 

Moses, Moses, -is (m.), and Moyses, -is ; 
acc. Mosen and Moysen; of or relating 
to Moses, Mosaic, Méséus, -a, -um ; Mo- 
siticus, -a, -um; and Moséius, -a, -um. 

Mossini, the, Mossini, -orum (m.). 

Mosteni, the, Mosteni, -orum (m.). 

Mothone, Mothone, -es (f-). 

Motya, Motya, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Moya, Motyensis, -e. 

Murés, Mucia, -@ (f.). 

Mucius, Mucius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Mucius, Mucian, Mucius, -a, -um, 
and Mucianus, -a, -um. 

Mugillanus, Mugillanus, -i (m.). 

Mulhausen, Mulhusia, -@ (f.). 

Mullus, Mullus, -i (m.). 

Mulucha, the, Mulucha, -@ (m.). 

Mulvius, Mulvius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Mulvius, Mulvian, Mulvius, -a, -um, 
and Mulvianus, -a, -um. 

Mummia, Mummia, -@ (f.). 

Mummius, Mummius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Mummius, Mummianus, -a, -um. 

Munatius, Munatius, -ii (m.). 

Munda, Munda, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Munda, Mundensis, -e. 

Mundus, Mundus, -i (m.). 

Munich, Monachium, -ii (n.). 

Munster, Momonia, -@ (f.). 

Munychia, Munychia, -® (f.); of or be- 
longing to Munychia, Munychius, -a, 
-um. 

Murena, v. Muréna. 

Murcia, Murcia, -® (/f.). 

Murcus, Murcus, -i (m.). 

Murena, Muréna, -& (m.); of or relating 
to Murena, Murénianus, -a, -um. 

Murgantia, Murgantia or Murgentia, -« 
(f); of or belonging to Murgantia, 
Murgantinus, -a, -um, or Murgentinus, 
-a, -um. 

Murgis, Murgis, -is (f-). 

Murranus, Murranus, -i (m.). 

Murray, Murevia or Moravia, -@ (f.), 
Scottie. 

Mursia, Mursia, -e (f.); of or belonging 
to Mursia, Mursinus, -a, -um. 

Murviedro, Saguntum, -i (”.), q. Vv. 

Mus, Mus, -iris (m.). 

Museus, Muszeus, -i (m.). 

Muse, Musa, -® (f.); the Muses, Muse, 
-arum (/f-); Vv. first part. 

Musea, Musea, -@ (f.). 

Musonius, Musonius, -ii (m.) 

Mustela, Mustéla, - (m.). 

Miustius, Mustius, -ii (m.). 

Mutenwm, Mutenum, -i (7.). 

Mutgo, Mutgo, -onis (m.). 

Muthul, the, Muthul, indecl. (m.). 

Mutila, Mutila, -@ (f.). 

Mutina, Mutina, -e (f); of or belonging 
to Mutina, Mutinensis, -e. 

Mutius, v. Mucius. 

Mutusca, Mutusca, - (f.); the inhabitants 
of Mutusca, Mutuscei, -orum (m.). 

Muziris, Muziris, -is (f.). 

Mycale, Mycile, -es (f.); of or belonging 
to Mycale, Mycaleus, -a, -um, and My- 
calensisg, -e. 

Mycalessus, Mycalessus, -i (f.); of or be 
longing to Mycalessus, Mycalessius, -a, 
-um. 

Mycéne, Mycéne, -arum; Mycéne, -es; 
and Mycéna, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Mycena, Mycenezus, -a, -um; 
fem., Mycénis, -idis. 

Mycon, Mycon, -6nis (m.). 


| 








NAR 


Mycénus, Mycdnus, -i (f.); of or belong 
ing to Myconus, Myconius, -a, -um. 
won shag Mygdon, -dnis (m.); son of Myg 

n, Mygdonides, -# (m.). 

Mygdonia, Mygdonia, -# (f.); the Myg 
dones, Mygdones, -um (m.); Mygdons 
an, Mygdonius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Myg 
donis, -idis. 

Myla, Mylw, -arum (f.); of or belongin« 
to Myla, Myl@an, My\wus, -a, -um. 

Mylas, the, Mylas, -# (m.). 

Mylasa, Mylasa, -orum (7.); of or bel 
ing to Mylasa, Mylaséus, -a, -um ; 
inhabitants of Mylasa, Mylaséni, -o. 
and Mylasenses, -ium (m.). 

Myle, Mylé, -es (f.). 

Myndus, Myndus, -i (f.). 

Myonnesus, Myonnésus, -i (f.). 

Myra, Myra, -orum (7.). 

Myriandrus, Myriandrus, -i (f.). 

Myrina, Myrina, -w (f.). 

Myrinus, Myrinus, -i (m.). 

Myrlea, Myriéa, -# (J). 

Myrmécides, Myrmécides, -# (m.,. 

Myrmecium, Myrmécium, -ii (n.). 

Myrmez, Myrmex, -écis (f.). 

Myrmidon, Myrmidon, -dnis (m.) 

Myrmidons, the, Myrmidénes, -um (m., 

Myron, Myron, -dnis (m.). 

Myrrha, Myrrha, -# (f.). 

Myrsilus, Myrsilus, -i (m.). 

Myrtale, Myrtale, -es ( f.). 

Myrtilus, Myrtilus, -i (m.). 

Myrtos, Myrtos, -i (f.); of or belonging 
to Myrtos, Myrtoan, Myrtous, -a, -um ; 
the Myrtoan Sea, Myrtéum Mare. 

Mys, Mys, -yos (m.). 

Myscelus, Myscélus, -i (m.). 

Mysia, M¥ysia, - (f:); of or belonging w 
Mysia, Mysian, Mysius, -a, -um, and 
Mysus, -a, -um; the Mysians, Mysi. 
-orum (m.). 

Mystes, Mystes, -# (m.). 

Mystia, Mystia, -@ (f.). 

Mystos, Mystos, -i( f.); of or «longing to 
Mystos, Mysticus, -a, -um 

Mytiléne, Mytiléné, -es (j.j, more correc 
than Mitylene; of or belonging to Mytt 
lene, Mytilenéan, Mytilénzus, -a, -um, 
and Mytilénensis, -e. 

Myus, Myus, -untis (/.). 


N. 


Naaman, Naaman, -anis (m.). 

Naaszon, Naasson, -dnis (m.). 

Nabal, Nabal, -alia (m.). 

Nabathea, Nabathea, -e (f.); the Nabe 
thai, Nabathei, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to Nabathea, or the Nabathet 
Nabatheeus, -a, -um. 

Nabis, Nabis, -is (m.). 

Nabuchodonosor, v. Nebuchadnezzar. 

Nadab, Nadab, indecl. (m.). 

Nevia, Nevia, -@ (f.). 

Nevius, Nevius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Nevius, Nevian, Nevius, -a, -um. 
and Nevianus, -a, -um. 

Nagidus, Nagidus, -i (f). 

Naharvali, the, Naharvali, -orum (m.) 

Naiads, the, Naiides, -um (f.); a Naiaa 
Naias, -adis (f.). 

Nain, Naim or Nain, indecl. (f.). 

Namnetes, the, Namnétes or Nannétes, -um 
(m.); of or belonging to the Namnetes, 
Namnéticus, -a, -um. 

Namur, Namurcum, -i (”.). 

Nancy, Nanceium, -ii (”.). 

Nanneius, Nannéius, -ii (m.). 

Nannetes, the, v. Namnetes. 

Nantes, Nannétes, -um (m.). 

Nantudates, the, Nantuates, -um (m.). 

Napai, the, Napei, -orum (m.). 

Naples, { Neapolis, -is (f.), q. ¥.; poet. Par 

Napoli, théndpe, -es (f.); Bay of Ne 
ples, Sinus Cimanus. 

Napoli (di Romania), Nauplia, -© (f.) 
Gulf of Napoli, Sinus Argolicus 

Nar, the, Nar, -aris (m.). 


| Naraggara, Naraggara, -@ (f.). 


| Narni, 


Narbo, Narbo, -dnis (m.); of or be 

Narbonne, longing to Narbo, Narbé 
nensis, -e; and Narbonicus, -a, -um 

Narcissus, Narcissus, -i (m.). 

Nardo, Neritum ‘i (n.). 

Nariandus, Nariandus, -i (m.) 

Narisci, the, Narisci, -orum (m.). 

Narnia, abear -us (f.) ; of or belonging 

to Narnia, Narniensis, -~ 


NEM 


aro, the, Naro, -Onis (m.). 

Warona, NarOona, -# (f.). 

Narses, Narses, -is (m.), V. 89. 

Nar:°us, Narseus, -ei (m.); of or belong- 
ins ‘o Narseus or Narses, Narsensis, -e. 

Nariiccusa, Narthecisa, -@ (f.). 

Narycium, Narycium, -ii (.); of or be- 
longing to Narycium, Narycius, -a, -um. 

Nasamones, the, Nasamones, -um (m.) ; of 
or belonging to the Nasamones, Nasa- 
monius, -a, -um, and Nasaémoniacns, -a, 
-um. : 

Nasica, Nasica, -z (m.). 

Nasidienus, Nasidienus, -i (m.). 

Nasidius, Nasidius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Nasidius, Nasidianus, -a, -um. 

Naso, Naso, -onis (m.). 

Nasos, Nasos, -i (f.). 

Nassau, Nassevia, -® (f-). 

Natalis, Natalis, -is (m.). 

Nathan, Nathan, indecl. (m.). 

Nathaniel, Nathanael, -élis (m.). 

Natiso, the, Natiso, -dnis (m.). 

Natalia, Asia Minor; Anatolia, -s (f.). 

Natta, Natta, -# (m.). 

Naubolus, Naubodlus, -i (m.); son of Nau- 
bolus, Naubolides, -# (m.). 

Naucrates, Naucrates, -is (m.). 

Naucratis, Naucratis, -idis (f.); of or be 
longing to Naucratis, Naucraticus, -a, 
-um, and pecul. masc., Naucratites, -® 
(m.). 

Naulocha, Naulocha, -@ (f:). 

Naulochos, Naulochos, -i ( f.). 

Naulochwm, Naulochum, -i (7.). 

Naumachus, Naumachus, -i (f.). 

Naupactus, Naupactus, -i (f.), and Nau- 
pactum, -i (.); of or belonging to Naw- 
pactus, Naupactous, -a, -um. 

Nauplius, Nauplius, -ii (m.); son of Naw 
plius, Naupliades, -e (m.). 

Nauportum, Nauportum, -i (7.). 

Nausicaa, Nausicaa, -%, and Nausicad -es 


(f)- 
Ne eie Nausiphanes, -is (s.). 
Nausiphéus, Nausiphous, -i (m.). 
Naustathmus, Naustathmus, -i (f.). 
Nautes, Nautes, - (m.). 
Nautius, Nautius, -ii (m.). 
Navarre, Vasconia, -@ 
Navarzo. Pylus, -i (m.), Messéniacus. 
Navius, Navius, -ii (m.). 
Nazos, Naxos or Naxus, -i (f.); of or be- 
longmg to Naxos, Narian, Naxius, -a, 


-um. 

Nazanzus. Nazanzus or Nazianzus, -i (f.) ; 
of or belonging to Nazanzus, Nazanzius, 
-a, -um. 

Nazareth, Nazareth, indecl., and Nazara, 
-@ (f.); of or belonging to Nazareth, 
Nazarzeus, -a, -um ; Nazarénus, -a, -um ; 
and Nazarus, -a, -um; the i itants 
of Nazareth, Nazarenes, Nazarei. -orum 
(m.). 

Nazianzus, v. Nazanzus. 

Nea, Nea, -z (f-)- 

Neethus, the, Newthus, -i (m.). 

Neal, Nigellus, -i (m.). 

Nealces, Nealces, -is (m.). 

Neapolis, Neapdlis, -is (f-): of or belong- 
ing to Neapolis, Neapolitan, Ne&pdlita- 
nus, -a, -um; pecul. masc., Neapolites, 
-; pecul. fem., Neapolitis, -Idis. 

Nearchus, Nearchus, -i (2.). 

Nebis, the, Nebis, -is (m.). 

Nebo, Nebo, -dnis (m.). 

Nebridius, Nebridius, -ii (m.). 

Nebrissa, Nebrissa, -@ (f.). 

Nebrodes (Mount), Nebrades, -® (m.). 

Neckar, the, Nicer, -cri (m.). 

Nectanabis, Nectanabis, -is or -Idis (m.). 
Negropont (the island), Euboaa, - (f.), q- 
v.—2. (the city) Chalcis, -idis (f.), q- V- 

Nehemiah, Nehemias, -# (m.). 

Neleéis, Neleus, -eos and -ei (m.); of or be- 
longing to Neleus, Néléius, -a, -um, and 
Neléus, -a,-um; son of Neleus, Nelides, 
“© (m.). 

Nelo, the, Nelo, -dnis (m.). 

Nemausus, Nemausus, -i (f.), and Nemau- 
sum, -i (n.); of or belonging to Nemau- 
sus, Nemausensis, -e. 

Nemea, Nemea, -~, and Neme, -es (f.); 
of or belonging to Nemea, Nemewus, 
-a, -um, and Nemééius, -a, -um. 

Nemesianus, Nemésianusg, -i (m.). 

Nemesis, Nemésis, -is (f.)- 

Nemetacum, Nemetacum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Nemetacum Nemetacensis, €. 

T3F 


N E W 


Nemetes, the, Nemétes, -um ’22° ; of or be- 
longing to the Nemetes, Neretensis, -e. 

Nemossus, Nemossus, -i (/.). 

Nemours, Nemorosium, -ii (7.). 

Nemrod, v. Nimrod. 

Neo, Neo or Neon, -6nis (m.). 

Neobule, Neobile, -es (f.). 

Neocesarea, Neocwsaréa, - (f.); of or 
belonging to Neocesarea, Neocesarien- 
sis, -e. 

Neocles, Neocles, -is or -i (m.); son «sf Ne- 
ocles, Neoclides, - (m.). 

Neon, v. Neo. 

Neoptolémus, Neoptolémus, -i (m.). 

Neoris, Neoris, -is (f.). 

Nepet, Nepet, indecl. (n.), Népéte, Nepte, 
and Népe, -is (n.), of or belonging to 
Nepet or Nepe, Nepésinus, -a, -um, and 
Nepensis, -e. 

Nephele, Nephéle, -es (f.); of or relating 
to Nephele, Nepheleeus, -a, -um; daugh- 
ter of Nephele, Nephéléias, -adis, and 
Nephéléis, -idis (f). 

Nephelis, Nephélis, -idis ( f.). 

Nepheris, Nephéris, -is (f.). 

Nephthali, Nephthali, indecl. (m.). 

Nepos, Nepos, -dtis (m.). 

Nepotianus, Nepotianus, -i (m.). 

Neptune, Neptunus, -i (m.) ;_ of or relating 
to Neptune, Neptunian, Neptunius, -a, 
-um, and Neptunilis, -e; daughter of 
Neptune, Neptunine, -es (f.). 

Nequinwm, Nequinum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Nequinum, Nequinas, -atis 
(adj.). : : 

Neratius, Neratius, -ii (m.). 

Nereid, a, v. Nereus. 

Nereus, Nereus, -eos or -ei (m.); of or be- 
longing to Nereus, Neréius, -a, -um, and 
late Nerinus, -a, -um; daughter of Ne- 
reus, a Nereid, Neréis, -idis, and Nerine, 
-es (f.). , 

Nerigos, Nerigos, -i (f.). 

Neriphus, Neriphus, -i (f.). 

Neritus, Neritus or Neritos, -i (f.); of or 
belonging to Neritus, Neritius, -a, -um. 

Nerius, Nerius, -ii (m.). 

Nero, Néro, -dnis (m.), of or relating to 
Nero, Nerénius, -a, -um ; Nerénéus, -a, 
-um ; and Néronianus, -a, -um. 

Nerulum, Nerulum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Nerulum, Neruldnensis, -e. 

Nerva, Nerva, -@ (m.) ; of or rclating to Ner- 
va, Nervinus, -a, -um, and Nervilis, -e. 

Nervii, the, Nervii, -orum (m.) ; of or relat- 
ing to the Nervit, Nervicus, -a, -um. 

Nesae, Neswé, -es (f.). 

Neseas, Neseas, -# (s.). 

Nesimachus, Nesimachus, -i (m.). 

Nesis, Nésis, -idis (f.). 

Nesos, Nésos, -i (f.)- 

Nessa, Nessa, -te (f.)- 

Nessus, Nessus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Nessus, Nesséus, -a, -um. 

Nestor, Nestor, -dris (m.); of or belonging 
to Nestor, Nestorian, Nestoreus, -a, -um ; 
son of Nestor, Nestorides, -2 (m.). 

Nestorius, Nestorius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Nestorius, Nestorianus, -a, -um ; 
the followers of Nestorius, Nestorians, 
Nestoriani, -orum (7.). 

Nestus, the, Nestus, -i (m.). 

Netherby, Castra Exploratorum. 

Netherlands, the, Gallia Belgica (f.). 

Netum, Netum, -i (n.); the inhabitants of 
Netum, Netinenses, -ium, and Netini, 
-orum (m.). 

Neufchatel, Neocomum, -i (7.). 

Nevers, Nivernium, -ii (n.) ; Noviodunum, 
a (m.). 

Newark, Nova Arca, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Newark, Novarcensis, -e. 

New Britain, Nova Britannia, -@ (/f.). 

New Brunswick, Novum Brunsvicum, -i 


(n.). 

New Castile, Castella Nova (f.). 

New Castle, Novum Castellum, -i (7.). 

New Grenada, Castella Aurea, -@ (f.). 

New Guinea, Guinea Nova, - (f.). 

New Hampshire, v. Hampshire. 

New Haven, Novus Portus (m.). 

New Holland, Hollandia Nova, -@ (f-). 

New Ireland, Nova Hibernia, -@ (f.). 

New Jersey, Nova Cesaréa, -® (f.), or 
Neo-Cwsaréa; of or belonging to New 
Jersey, Neo-Cwsariensis, -€. 

New Market, Agoropdlis, -is ( f.) 

New Orleans. Nova Aurélia, -w (f.); No- 
vum Aurelianum, -i (n.); Neo-Gena- 


ee 
eS ae 


NOA 


buia, -i (7.); of New Orleans, Neo-Av 
relianensis, -6 ; Neo-Genabensis, -e. 

Newport, Novus Portus, -tis (m ). 

Newton, Neapolis, -is (f.); Oppidum 

Newtown, ; Novum, -i (”.) ; of or belong: 
ing to Newtown, Neapolitanus, -a, -am. 

New York, Novum Eboracum, -i (7.); of 
or belonging to New York, Nec-Ebor® 
censis, -e. 

Nicaa, Nicwa, -@ (f.); of or belonging te 
Nicaea, Nicean or Nicene, Nicewensis, -e, 
and (late) Nicénus, -a, -um. 

Nicaus, Nicewus, -i (m.). 

Nicander, Nicander, -dri (m.). 

Nicanor, Nicanor, -oris (m.). 

Nicator, Nicator, -dris (m.). 

Nice, Nicwa, -w (f.), q. v- 

Nicéa, v. Nicea. 

Nicearchus, Nicearchus, -i (m.). 

Nicephorium, Nicephorium, -ii (”.), of 
belonging to Nicephorium, Nicephorivs 
-a, -um. 

Nicephorius, the, Nicephorius, -ii (m.). 

Nicephorus, Nicephorus, -i (m.). 

Nicératus, Nicératus, -i (m.). 

Niceros, Nicéros, -dtis (m.); of or relating 
to Niceros, Nicerotianus, -a, -um. 

Nicetius, Nicetius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Nicetius, Nicetianus, -a, -um. 

Nicias, Nicias, -e (m.). 

Nicholas, NicOlaus, -i (m.), q. v. 

Nico, Nico or Nicon, -6nis (m.). 

Nicocles, Nicocles, -is (m.). 

Nicocreon, Nicocreon, -ontis (m.). 

Nicodamus, Nicodamus, -i (m.). 

Nicodemus, Nicodémus, -i (m.). 

Nicodorus, Nicodorus, -i (m.). 

Nicolas, v. Nicholas. 

Nicolaus, Nicolaus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Nicolaus, Nicolaus, -a, -um ; the fol- 
lowers of Nicolaus, Nicolaite, -arum (m.). 

Nicomachus, Nicomachus, -i (m.). 

Nicomédes, Nicomédes, -is (m-). 

Nicomedia, Nicomédia, -e (f.); the inhab- 
itants of Nicomedia, Nicomédenses, -ium 
(m.). 

Nicon, v. Nico. 

Nicophanes, Nicdphanes, -is (m.). 

Nicopolis, Nicdpolis, -is (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Nicopolis, Nicopolitanus, -a, -um 

Nicosthenes, Nicosthénes, -is (m.). 

Nicostratus, Nicostratus, -i (m.). 

WMiger, the, Niger, -gri, or Nigris, -is (m.). 

Niger, Niger, -gri (m.); @ partisan of Ni 
ger, Nigrianus, -i, (m.). 

Nigidius, Nigidius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Nigidius, Nigidianus, -a, -um. 

Nigrinus, Nigrinus, -i (m.). 

Nigrite, the, Nigrite, -arum (m.). 

Nile, the, Nilus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
the Nile, Niliacus, -a, -um, and Niloticus. 
-a, -um; pecul. masc., Nilotes, -; pecul. 
fem., Nilotis, -idis. 

Nileus, Nileus, -eos and -ei (m.). 

Nilus, Nilus, -i (m.). 

Nimrod, Nimrod or Nemrod, indecl. (m.). 

Nimuegen, Noviomagus, -i (f.), q- Vv. 

Nineveh, Ninivé, -es, and Niniva, -e (f.). 
also, Ninus, -i (f.); of or belonging to 
Nineveh, Niniviticus, -a, -um ; the inhab- 
itants of Nineveh, Ninivite, -arum (m.). 

Ninnius, Ninnius, -ii (m.). 

Ninus, Ninus, -i (m.); son of Ninus, Nin 
yas, - (™m.). 

Niobe, Niobe, -es, and Nioba, -e (f.); of 
or relating to Niobe, Niobéus, -a, -um~ 
son of Niobe, Nidbides, -w (m.). 

Niphates (Mount), Niphates, -# (m.). 

Niphe, Niphbe, -es (f.). 

Nireus, Nireus, -eos or -ei (m.). 

Nisaa, Niswa, -w (f.). 

Nisibis, Nisibis, -is (f.); of or belonging 
to Nisibis, Nisibénus, -a, -um. 

Nismes, Nemausus, -i (f.), q. V- 

Nisueta, the, Nisuetie, -arum (m.). 

Nisus, Nisus, -i (m.); of or relating to Nt 
sus, Niséus, -a, -um, und Niséius, -a 
sum; daughter of Nisus, Niséis, -idv 
(f.). 

Nisyrus, Nisyrus, -i (f.). 

Nitiobriges, the, Nitiobriges, -um (@.). 

Noa, Noa, -® (f.). 

Noa, Now, -arum (f.); the inhabitants of 
Noa, Noéni, -orum (m.). 

Noah, Noé, indecl., and Noa, -# (m.). 

Noama, Noémi, indeci., and Noémis, -= 


(Ff). 
Nobilior, Nobilior, -dris (m.). 
Nocera, Niceria, -# (f.), q VY. 


NUK 


Noainus, Nodinus, -i (m.). | 

Noel, Noélius, -ii, and Natalis, -is (m.). | 

Noétus. Noétus, -i (m.); the followers of 
Noetus, Noetani, -orum (m.). 

Nola, Nola, -« (f.); of or belonging to 
Nola, Nolainva -a, -um. 

Noliba, Noliba, w (/-). 

Nomades, tne, Nomades, -um (m.). 

Nementum, Nomentum, «i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Nomentum, Nomentanus, -8, 
um. 

Nomentanus, Nomentanus, -i (m.). 

Nomion, Ndmion, -6nis (m.) 

Nomius, Nomius, -ii (.). 

Nona, Nona, - (f.). ; 

Nonacris, Nonacris, -is (f.), @ mountain 
and city; of or belonging to Nonacris, 
Nonacrius, -a, -um, and Nonacrinus, -a, 
-um, 

Nonianus, Nonianus, -i (m.). 

Nonius, Nonius, -ii (m.). 

Nora, Nora, -orum (n.); of or belonging 
to Nora, Norensis, -e. 

Norba, Norba, -«, and Norbe, -ea (f-) ; of 
or belonging to Norba, Norbanus, -a, 
-um, and Norbensis, -e. 

Norbanus, Norbanus, -i (m.). 

Norcia, Nursia, -# (f-), q. V- 

Noreia, Noreia, -# (f.). ; 

Norfolk, Norfolcia, -w (f.); Icendpolis, -is 


Wave Noricum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Noricum, Noricus, -a, -um. 

Norman, Normannus, -i (m.). 

Normandy, Normannia, -® ( f.). 

North Sea, Oceanus Germ§nicus. 

Northumberland, Northumbria, -» (/f.). 

Norway, Norvegia, -w (f.). 

Norwich, Venta Icenorum ; Nordovicum, 
-i (m.). 

tao ii i): : 
‘ottingham, Nottinghamia, - (/f. 

Novana, Novana, -@ (f.); of or totes 
to Novana, Novanensis, -e. 

Novaria, Novaria, -w (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Novaria, Novariensis, -e. 

Novatian, Novatianus, -i (m.). 

Novatius, Novatius, -ii (m.). 

Novatus, Novatus, -i (m.); daughter of 
Novatus, Novatilla, -e (f.). 

Novellius, Novellius, -ii (m.). 

Novellus, Novellus, -i (m.). 

Novesium, Novesium, -ii (7.). 

Novia, Novia, -# (f.). 

Noviodunum, Noviddinum, -i (7.). 

Noviomagus, Novidmagus, -i (f.), or No- 
viomagum, -i (7.). 

Novius, Novius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Novius, Novianus, -a, -um. 

Nubia, Nubarum Regio; Nubia, -e (f.); 
the Nubians, Nube, -arum, and Nubei, 
-orum (m.). 

Nuceria, Nicéria, - (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Nuceria, Nicérinus, -a, -um. 

Nucula, Nucula, -# (m.). 

Nuditanum, Nuditanum, -i (7.). 

Nuithdnes, the, Nuithones, -um (m.). 

Numa, Numa, -w (m.). 

Numantia, Numantia, -e (f.); of or be- 
longing to Numantia, Numantinus, -a, 
-um. 

Numanus, Numanus, -i (m.). 

Numenius, Numenius, -ii (m.). 

Numeria, Niméria, -w (f.). 

Numerian, Numerianus, -i (m.). 

Numerius, Numerius, -ii (m.). 

Numicius, Numicius, -ii (m.). 

Numicus, the, Numicus, -i. or Numicius, 
“ii (m.). 


| 

Numida, Numida, -# (m.). 

Numidia, Numidia, -w ( f.); of or belong- 
ing to Numidia, Numidian, Numidicus, 
-a, -um; Numidianus, -a, -um; and 
poet. Nomas, -adis (adj.); the inhabit 
ants of Numidia, the Numidians, Numi- 
dw, -arum, sync. -tim (m.); a Numidian, 
Numida, -w (m.). 

Numidius, Numidius, -ii (m.). 

Numisius, Numisius, -ii (7.). 

Numistro, Numistro or Numestro, -dnis 
(f.); of or belonging to Numistro, Nu- 
mistranus, -a, -um. 

Numitor, Numitor, -dris (m.). 

Numutoria, Numitdria, - (f.), 

Numitorius, Numitérius, -ii (m.). 

Numius, Numius, -ii (m.). 

“eet Norimberga or Noriberga, -e 
(f). 

Nursa, Nurse, -arum (/.). 1 

47 


GNE 


Nursia, Nursia, - (f-); of or belonging 
to Nursia, Nursinus, -a, -um. 

Nycteus, Nyctéus, -eos and -ei(m.) , daugh- 
ter of Nycteus, Nyctéis, -idia (/.). 

Nyctymene, Nyctyméne, -es (/.). 
ymphaa, Nymphea, -@ (/.). 

Nympheum, Nympheum, -i (7.). 

Nymphaus, the, Nymphzus, -i (m.). 

Nymphidius, Nymphidius, -ii (m.). 

Nymphius, Nymphius, -ii (m.). 

Nympho, Nympho, -dnis (m.). 
ymphodorus, Nymphodorus, -i (m.). 

Nysa, Nysa, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Nysa, Nys@an, Nyswzus, -a,-um; Nyséi- 
us, -a,-um; Nysius, -a, -um; and Nysi- 
cus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Nyséis, -idis, 
and Nysias, -adi 

Nyscus, Nyswus, -i (m.). 

Nyssos, Nyssos, -i ( f.). 

pe 9 Nysus, -i (m.). 


oO. 


Oasis, Oasis, -is (f.), of or relating to the 
Oasis, Oésénus, -a, -um. 

Oazes, the, Oaxes, -is (m.). 

Obadiah, Obadias, - (m.). 

Obed, Obed, indecl. (m.). 

Obrimas, the, Obrimas, -# (m.). 

Obsidius, Obsidius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Oosidius, Obsidianuzs, -a, -um. 

Ocalea, Ocalea, -, and Ocalee, -es ( f.). 

Occia, Occia, -® (f.). 

Oceanus, Oceanus, -i (m.); son of Ocea- 
nus, Oceanides, -s (m.); daughter of 
Oceanus, Oceanitis, -idis (f.). 

Occlenses, the, Ocelenses, -ium (m.). 

Ocella, Ocella, -# (m.), a man's name.—2. 
(f.) @ woman's name. 

Ocellina, Ocellina, -w (f.). 

Ocellum, Ocellum, -i (n.). 

Ocha, Ocha, -e (f.). 

Ochus, Ochus, -i (m.). 

Ocilis, Ocilis, -is (f.). 

Ocnus, Ocnus, -i (m.). 

Ocrea, Ocrea, - (m.). 

Ocricilum, Ocricilum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Ocriculum, Ocricilanus, -a, 
um. 


Ocrisia, Ocrisia, -w (f.). 

Octavia, Octavia, -@ (f.). 

Octavianus, Octavianus, -i (m.), v. Octa- 
vius. 

Octavius, Octavius, -ii (m.) ; of or relati 
to Octavius or the Octavia gens, Octavi- 
us, -a, -um, and Octavidnus, -a, -um. 

Octodurus, Octodurus, -i (m.); of or be- 
longing to Octodurus, Octodurensis, -e. 

Octogesa, Octogesa, -# (f). 

Octoléphus, Octolophus, -i (m.), and Oc- 
toléphum, -i (7.). 

Ocyale, Ocyale, -es (f.). 

Ocyrhoé, Oc¥rhdé, -ts (f.). 

Oder, the, Viadrus, -i (m.). 

Odessa, Odessus or -sos, -i (f.). 

Odites, Odites, -# (m.). 

Odomantes, the, Odomantes, -um (m.); of 
or belonging to the Odomantes, Odoman- 
ticus, -a, -um. 

Odryse, the, Odryse, -arum (m.) ; of or be 
longing to the Odrysa@, Odr¥sius, -a,-um. 

Odyssee, the, Odysséa, -@ (f.). 

(Ea, Cha, -@ (f.); of or belonging to Ea, 
(Eensis, -e. 


| (kagrus, QEagrus or CEager, ra (m.) ; of 
a 


or belonging to Eagrus, grius, -8, 


-um. 

Tee (C£anthe, -es, and CEanthia, -2 
(f). 

Cbalus, CEbilus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to G@balus, Ebalian, CEbalius, -a, -um ; 
son or descendant of balus, @balides, 
-@ (m.); daughter or female descendant 
of Gebalus, C&balis, -idis (f-) ; poet. also 
for Laconian, 

Gchalia, CEchalia, -e (f-); of Echalia, 
CEchilis, -idis ( fem. adj.). 

Gdipédes, v. sq. 

Gdipus, CEdipus, -i, and C&dipus, -ddis 
(m.); poet. also, CEdipides, -# (m.); of 
or relating to Qidipus, CEdipddidnius, 
sa, -um; son of Gdipus, CEdipédidni- 
des, -# (m.). 

Gneus. CEneus, -eos and -ei (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to Gneus, CEnéius and (né- 
us, -a, -um; daughter of Gneus, CEnéis, 
-idis (f.); son or descendant of Gneus, 
(CEnides, - (m.). 

@niddz, the, Qnidide, -arum (m.) 


ONO 


@noa, CEnoa, -w (/.). 

Gnomaus, CEndmaus, -i ym.) 

Gnone, Endoune, -es (f.). 

Gnope, nope, -es (/.). 

(Enopia, Cnopia, -# (f.); of or trilong 
ing to CEnopia, CEnopius, -a, -um. 

(notria, Enotria, -e (f.), of or belong. 
ing to Gnotria, Enotrian, notrius, 
-a, -um; the Cnotri, C2notri, -orum 
(m.). 

nus, the, CEnus, -i or -untis (m.). 

CEnussa, CEnusea, -# (f.); the Ernussa 
CUslands), CEnusee, -arum ( /.), Insule 

Gta (Mount), CEta, -#, and (Ete, -es (f.), 
also (late) Cita, -# (m.); of or belong 
ing to Gita, Eiean, Ctwus, -a, -um. 

rics the, Aufidus, -i (m.). 

Mfellus, Ofellus, -i (m.). 

Ofilius, Ofilius, -ii (m.). 

Oglio, the, Ollius, -ii (m.). 

Oguinia, Ogulnia, -# (/f.). 

Ogulnius, Ogulnius, -ii (m.). 

Ogyges, Ogy ges, -is, and rarely -i (m.), o 
or relating to Ogyges, Ozygian, Ogygi- 
-us, -a, um; son or descendant of Ogy 
gius, Ogygides, -w (m.) ; in plural poet. 
for Thebans. 

Ogygia, Ogygia, -# (f.). 

Oileus, Oileus, -eos or -ei (m.), son of A 
leus, Oilides, -# (m.). 

Oise, the, ABsia, -@ (f.). 

Olana, the, Olana, -#, or Olane, -es ( f.). 

Olarso, Olarso, -6nis ( /.). 

Olbia, Olbia, -# (f.); of or belonging w 
Olbia, Olbianus, -a, -um, and Olbien- 


sis, -e. 

Olbiépélis, Olbidpdlis, -is ( f.) ; an inhabit 
ant of Olbiopolis, O\bidpolita, -a (m.). 

Olcades, the, Olcides, -um (m.). 

Olcinium, Olcinium, -ii (n.); the inhabu- 
ants of Olcinium, Olciniates, -um, or 
Olciniate, -arum (m.). 

Oldenburg, Branesia, -# (f.). 

Olearus, Oledrus or Olearos, -i (f.). 

Oleastros, Oleastros, -i ( f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Oleastros, Oleastrensis, -e. 

Olennius, Olennius, -ii (7m.). 

Olenos, Olénos or Olénus, -i (f-) ; of or be 
longing to Olenus, Olénius, -a, -um. 
Olénus, Oléuus, -i (m; son of Olenus 

Olenides, - (m.). 

Oleron, Uliarus, -i (f.), of or belonging 
to Oleron, Olaridnensis, -e. 

Oliarus, v. Olearus. 

Olisippo, Olisippo, -dnis ( f.) ; of or belong~ 
ing lo Olisippo, Olisipponensis, -e. 

Olives (Mount of), Mons Olivarum. 

Oliver, Olivarus, -i (m.). 

Olivia, Olivia, -@ (f.). 

Olizon, Olizon, -onis (/.). 

Ollius, the, Ollius, -ii (m.). 

Olmius, Olmius, -ii (m.). 

gree Ebirum, -i, and Olmucium, -U 

N.)- 

Oloaritus, Oloaritus, -i (m.). 

Oloessa, Oloessa, -# (f.). 

Olophyzos, Olophyxog, -i (f.). 

Olurus, Olirus, -i (f.). 

Olybrius, Olybrius, -ii (m.\; of or relating 
to Olybrius, Olybriacus, -a, -um. 

Olympia, Olympia, -@ (f.); of or belong 
ing to Olympia, Olympic or Olympian, 
Olympiacus, -a, -um; Olympicus, -a, 
-um; Olympius, -a, -um; and (late) 
Olympianus, -a, -um. 

Olympias, Olympias, -adis (/.). 

Olympio, Olympio, -dnis (m.). 

Olympiédorus, Olympiddérus, -i <m.). 

Olympus (Mount), Olympus, -i (m.); a/ 
or belonging to Olympus, Olympian. 
Olympicus, a, -um, and Olympius, -a, 
-um. 

Olynthia, Olynthia, -z (f.). 

Olynthus, Olynthus or Olynthos, -i (f:). 
of or belonging to Olynthus, Olynthian 
Olynthius, -a, -um. 

Ombos, Ombos, -i (f.) ; of Ombos, Ombiti 
Ombites, -@ (masc. adj.). 

Ombrone, the, Umbro, -dnis (m.). 

Omphale, Omphile, -es, and Omphila, -a 


(f). 

Onchestus, Onchestus, -i (f.); of or se 
longing to Onchestus, Onchestiws, -9 
-um. 

Onesicritus, Onesicritus, -i (sm.) 

Onesimus, Onésimus, -i (m.). 

Onoba, Onoba, -# ( f.). 

Onomarchus, Ondmarchus, -i (™.) 

Onomastus, Ondmastus, -i (m.). 


OKRN 


Gatario (Lake), Andiatrocus, -i (m.), La- 
cus. 

Opharus, the, Opharus, -i (m.); dwellers 
on the Opharus, Opharite, -arum (m.). 

Ovheltes, Opheltes, -w (m.). 

Ophion, Ophion, -dnis (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Ophion, Ophidnius, -a, -um; son 
of Ophi>., Ophidnides, -# (m.). 

Ophir, Ophir, indecl. (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Ophir, Ophirius, -a, -um. 

Ophites, Ophites, -s (m.). 

Ophius, Ophius, -ii (m.) ; da’. zhter of Ophi- 
us, Ophias, -ddis (f.). 

Ophiusa, Ophiiisa or Op«.ussa, -® (f.); 
of or belonging to Ophiusa, Ophiisius, 
-a, -um. 

Ophradus, the, Ophradus, -i (m.)- 

Opici, the, Opici, -orum (m.) ; of the Opici, 
Opican, Opicus, -a, -um. 

Opilius, Opilius, -ii (m.). 

Opimia, Opimia, - (f.). 

Opimius, Opimius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Op’mius, Opimius, -a, -um, and 
Opimifanus, a, -um. 

Opis, Opis, -is (f.). 

Opitergium, Opitergium, -ii (”.) ; of or be- 
longing to Opitergium, Opiterginus, -a, 
-um. 

Opiternius, Opiternius, -ii (m.). 

Oplacus, Oplacus, -i (m.). 

Oporto, Cale, -es (f.); Portus Calensis ; 
of or belonging to Oporto, Calensis, -e. 

Oppia, Oppia, -e (f.). 

Oppianicus, Oppianicus, -i (m.). 

Oppian, Oppianus, -i (m.). 

Oppidius, Oppidius, -ii (m.). 

Oppius, Oppius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Oppius, Oppius, -a, -um. 

Ops, Ops, Opis (f.) ; of or relating to Ops, 
Opalis, -e. 

Opsius, Opsius, -ii (m.). 

Optantius, Optantius, -ii (m.). 

Qpus, Opus, -untis (f.); of or belonging 
to Opus, Opuntian, Opuntius, -a, -um. 
Orange, Arausio, -onis (f.); of or belong- 

ing to Orange, Arausiensis, -e. 

Grata, Orata, -& (m.). 

Orbelus (Mount), Orbélus, -i (m.). 

Orbilius, Orbilius, -ii (™.). 

Orbius, Orbius, -ii (m.). 

Orbona, Orbona, - (f.). 

Orcades, the, Orcades, -um (f.), Insule. 

Orchamus, Orchamus, -i (m.). 

Orcheni, the, Orchéni, -orum (m.). 

Orchinius, Orchinius, -ii (m.). 

Orchéménos, Orchéménos or -nus, -i (m.) ; 
of or belonging to Orchomenos, Orcho- 
ménius, -a, -um. 

Orcus, Orcus, -i (m.). 

Ordessus, Ordessus, -i (f.). 

Ordovices, the, Ordovices, -um (m.). 

Ordymnus (Mount), Ordymnus, -i (m.). 

Oreads, the, Oreades, -um (f.); an Oread, 
Oreas, -adis (/.). 

Oresta, the, Oreste, -arum (m.); country 
of the Oreste, Orestis, -idis ( f.). 

Orestes, Orestes, -& and -is (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to Orestes, Orestéus, -a, -um. 

Orestilla, Orestilla, -@ (/.). 

Oretum, Orétum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Oretum, Orétanus, -a, -um. 

Oreus, Oréus, -i (f.), and Oreum, -i (n.); 
of or belonging to Oreus, Oréticus, -a, 
-um; the inhabitants of Oreus, Oritani, 
-orum (m.). 

Orgas, Ofgas, -@ (m.). 

Orge, Orge, -es (f.). 

Orgessum, Orgessum, -i (n.). 

Oricus, Oricus or Oricos, -i (f.), and Ori- 
cum, -i (z.); of or belonging to Oricus, 
Oricius, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Ori- 
cus, Oricini, -orum (m.). 

Origen, Origénes, -is (m.); a follower of 
Origen, Origénista, -®, and Origénia- 
nus, -i (m.). 

Orion, Orion, -onis (m.). 

, Orippo, -dnis (f.). 

a Orithyia, -e (/f.). 

< % y Orlus, -ii (m.). 

€: he (Islands), Orcades, -um (f.), 
Trike 

@Orlan.v, Orlandus, -i (m.). 

Orleans, Genabum, -i (n.), q. v.; Aurélia, 
-© (f.); Aurélianum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Orleans, Aurelidnensis, -€ ; 
v. New Orleans. 

Ormisdas, v. Hormisdas. 


Melraiee } Ornithus or Ornftus, -i (m.). 
738 





OZO 


Oroande, Oroanda, -orum (n.); of or be 
longing to Oroanda, Oroandicus, -a, 
-um, and Oroandensis, -e. 

Oroandes, Oroandes, -is (m.). 

Orodes, Orddes, -is (m.). 

Oromedon, Ordmédon, -ontis (m.). 

Orontes, Orontes, -is (m.), a man’s name, 
—2. the Orontes, Orontes, -is and -i (m.), 
a river ; of or belonging to the Orontes, 
Orontéus, -a, -um, 

Oropus, Oropus, -i (f.). 

Orosius, Ordsius, -ii (m.). 

Orpheus, Orpheus, -eos and -ei (m.); of 
or belonging to Orpheus, Orphéus, -a, 
-um, and Orphicus, -a, -um. 

Crphidius, Orphidius, -ii (m.). 

Orphitus, Orphitus, -i (m.). 

Orphne, Orphne, -es (f.). 

Orsilochus, Orsiléchus, -i (m.). 

Orsinus, Orsinus, -i (m.). 

Orthobula, Orthdbila, -# (f.). 

Orthosia, Orthosia, -@ (f.). 

Orthrus, Orthrus, -i (m.). 

Ortiagon, Ortiagon, -onis (™.). 

Ortona, Ortona, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Ortona, Ortonensis, -e. 

Ortygia, Ortygia, -&, and Ortygie, -es (f.) ; 
of or belonging to Ortygta, Ortygian, 
Ortygius, -a, -um. 

Osaces, Osaces, -is (m.). 

Osca, Osca, -# (f.); of or belonging to 
Osca, Oscensis, -e. 

Osci, the, Osci, -orum (m.); Oscan, Os- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Oscar, Oscarus, -i (™.). 

Oscus, Oscus, -i (m.). 

Osdroene, Osdroéne, -es, and Osdroéna, 
-2 (f.); of or belonging to Osdroene, 
Osdroénus, -a, -um. 

Osero, Absorus, -i (f.). 

Osi, the, Osi, -orum (m.). 

Osii, the, Osii, -orum (m.). 

Osinius, Osinius, -ii (m.). 

Osiris, Osiris, -is and -idis (m.). 

Osismii, the, Osismii, -orum (m.); of or 
belonging to the Osismii, Osismicus, -a, 
-um. 

Osmund, Osmundus. -! (m.). 

Osphagus, the, Osphagus, -i (m.). 

Ossa (Mount), Ossa, - ( f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Ossa, Osseeus, -a, -um. 

Ossune, Genua, -& (f.), Ursorum. 

Ostanes, Ostanes, -is (m.). 

Ostend, Ostenda, - ( f.). 

Ostia, Ostia, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Ostia, Ostiensis, -e. 

Ostorius, Ostorius, -ii (m.). 

Ostrogoths, the, Ostrogothi, -orum (m.). 

Oswald, Oswaldus, -i (m.). 

Otacilius, Otacilius, -ii (m.). 

Otho, Otho, -dnis (m.); of or relating to 
Otho, Othonianus, -a, -um. 

Othrys (Mount), Othrys, -yos or -Fis (m.) ; 
of or belonging to Othrys, Othrysius, 
-A, -um. 

Othus, Othus, -i (m.). 

Otranto, Hydruntum, -i (m.), q. v., and 
Hydrusg, -untis (/.). 

Otricoli, Ocricilum, -i (7.), q. V- 

Otris, Otris, -is (f.). 

Otto, Otho, -dnis (m.). 

Otus, Otus, -i (m.). 

Ouessant, Uxantia, -is (f.). 

Ovetum, Ovétum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Ovetum, Oveténus, -&, -um. 

Ovia, Ovia, -® (f.). 

Ovid, Ovidius, -ii (™.). 

Oviedo, Ovétum, -i (7.), q. V- 

Ovinius, Ovinius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Ovinius, Ovinius, -a, -um. 

Ovius, Ovius, -ii (m.). 

Owen, Audonenus, -i, and Eugénius, -ii 


(m.). 

Oxathres, Oxathres, -is (m.). 

Oxford, Oxonia, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Ozford, Oxoniensis, -€. 

Oxia, Oxie, -arum (/f.), Insule. 

Oxiones, the, Oxidnes, -um (m.). 

Orus, the, Oxus, -i (m.). 

Oryartes, Oxyartes, -is (m.}. 

Orydrace, the, Oxydrace, -arum (m.). 

Oxyrrynchus, Oxyrrynchus, -i (m.) ; of or 
belonging to Oxyrrynchus, Oxyrrynchi- 
tes, -e (masc, adj.). 

Oxole, the, Ozéle, -arum (m.). 

Ozomene, Ozoméné, -es ( f.). 





PAL 


ER: 


Pacarius, Pacarius, -ii (m.) 

Pacatus, Pacttus, -i (m.). 

Paccius, Paccius, -ii (m.); of or relateng 
to Pacctus, Paccianus, -a, -um. 

Pacensis, vy. Paz. 

Pachynum, Pachynum, -i (7.), and Pachy- 
nus, -i (f.); Greek form, Pachynos, -i ( f.) 

Pacilius, Pacilius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Pacilius, Pacilianus, -a, -um. 

Pacilus, Pacilus, -i (m.). 

Paconius, Pacoénius, -ii (m.) 

Pacoruz, Pacorus, -i (m.) 

Pactius, Pactius, -ii (m.). 

Pactolus, the, Pactolus, -i (m.) ; of. or relat 
ing to the Pactolus, Pactolis, -idis (fem. 
adj.). 

Pataca Pactumeius, -ii (m.). 

Pactye, Pactye, -es (f.)- 

Pacuila, Paculla, -e (f.). 

Pacuvius, Paciivius, -ii (m.); of or relat 
ing to Pacuvius, Paciiviinus, -a, -um. 
Paderborn, Paderborna, -® (f.); of or be- 
longing to Paderborn, Paderbornen 

sis, -e. 

Padua, Patavium, -ii (7.), q. v- 

Padus, } the, Padus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 

Po, i to the Padus or Po, Padanus, 
-a, -um; dwellers on the Po, Padani, 
-orum (m.). 

Padusa, the, Padisa, -@ (f-). 

Paan, Pean, -anis (m.). 

Pemani, the, Psemani, -orum (m.). 

Penula, Peenula, -s (m.). 

Paon, Peon, -dnis (m.); of or relating to 
Peon, Pwonius, -a, -um. 

Peénes, the, Peednes, -um (m.); the coun 
try of the Peones, Paonia, Peonia, -# 
(f); Peonian, Peonius, -a, -um; and 
pecul. fem., Peonis, -idis. 

Paonius, Peodnius, -ii (m.). 

Pestum, Pestum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Pestum, Peestanus, -a, -um. 

Patina, Petina, -e (f.). 

Patus, Petus, -i (m.). 

Pazon, P#zon, -ontis (m.). 

Page, Page, -arum (f.); of or belonging 
to Page, Pageeus, -a, -um. 

Pagase, Pagase, -arum, and Pagasa, -® 
(f.); of or belonging to Pagasa, Paga 
seus, -a, -um, and Pagasicua, -a, -um. 

Palemon, Palemon, -dnis (m.); of or re 
lating to Palemon, Paleemonius, -a, -um. 

Paleno, Palwno, -is (f.). 

Paleovount, Helicon, -6nis (m.), q. V- 

Palepaphos, Palwpaphos or -phus, -i (f-). 

Palaphatus, Palesphatus, -i (m.); of or re 
lating to Palephatus, Palephatius, -a, 


-um. 

Palaste, Paleste, -es (f.). 

Palestina, v. Palestine. 

Palatyrus, Paletyrus, -i (f.). 

Palamédes, Palamédes, -is (m.); of or re 
lating to Palamedes, Palamédéus, -a, 
-um; Palamédicus, -a, -um; and Pala- 
médiacus, -a, -um. 

Palatine (Mount), Palatinus, -i (m.), Mons, 
Palatium, -ii (x.); of or belonging ts 
the Palatine Mount, Palatinus, -a, -um. 

Palermo, Panormus, -i (f.), q. Vv. 

Pales, Piles, -is (f.); of or relating to Pa 
les, Palilis, -e. 

Palestine, Palwstina, - and -tine, -es (f.) , 
of or belonging to Palestine, Palestinus 
-a, -um, and (late) Palestinensis, -e 

Palestrina, Prmneste, -is (”.), q. V- 

Palfurius, Palfurius, -ii (m.). 

Palibrothra, Palibothra or Palimbothra 


-6 (f.). : 

Palici, the, Palici, -orum (m.). 

Palinuro (Cupe), Palintrum, -i (#.), Pro 
montorium. 

Palinurus, Palinirus, -i (m.). 

Palla, Palla, -# (m.). 

Palladius, Palladius, -ii (.). 

Pallanteum, Pallantéum, -i (n.); of or re 
lating to Pallanteum, Pallanteus, -« 


-um. 

Pallas, Pallas, -adis (f.), appellation 9, 
Minerva; of or relating to Pallas, pad 
ladius, -a, -um.—2. Pallas, -antis (m.), @ 
man's name; of or relating to Pallas, 
Pallantius, -a, -um, avd Pallantéus, -a, 
-um ; daughter or female descendant of 
Pallas, Pallantias, -ddis, axed Pallantis. 
-Idis (f.). ; 

Pailene, Palléne, -es (f.); of or beloagina 


——_ = hed 


Ly 


to Pallene, Pallenean, Pallenwus, -a,-um, 
and Pallenensis, -e. 

Palma, Palma, -# (f.); of or belonging to 
Palma, Palmensis, -e. 

Palms (Island of), Palmaria, -@ (f.), In- 
sula. 

Palmyra, Palmyra, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Palmyra, Palmyrénus, -a, -um. 

Paltus, Paltus, -i (/.). 

Palumbus, Palumbus, -i (m.). 

Pamisus, Pamisus, -i (m.). 

Pammenes, Pamménes, -is (m.). 

Pampeluna, Pampelo, -onis (f.); Pampe- 
léna, -« (f.). 

Pampihila, Pamphila, -e (f.). 

Pamphilus, Pamphilus, -i (m.). 

Pamphylia, Pamphylia, - (f); of or be- 
longing to Pamphylia, Pamphylian, 
Pamphylius, -a, -um, and (late) Pam- 
phylus, -a, -um. 

Pan, ?an, -anos or -anis (m.). 

Panacea, Panacéa, -w (f.). 

Panacra, Panacra, -w (f.). 

Panenus, Panenus, -i (m.). 

Panatius, Panztius, -ii (m.). 

Panatolium, Panetélium, -ii (n.) , of or re- 
lating to the Panetolium, Panetodlicus, 
-a, -um. 

Panaretus, Panarétus, -i (m.). 

Panchaia, Panchaia, -» (f.); of or be- 
longing to Panchaia, Pancheus, -a, 
-um; Panchaicus, -a, -um; and Pan- 
chaius, -a, -um. 

Panda, Panda, -w (f.). 

Panda, the, Pands, -arum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Panda, Pandsus, -a, -um. 

Pandana, Pandana, -@ (f.). 

Pandarus, Pandarug, -i (m.). 

Pandataria, Pandataria, -@ (f.). 

Pandion, Pandion, -6nis (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Pandion, Pandionius, -a, -um. 

Pandora, Pandora, -# (f.). 

Pandosia, Pandosia, -s (f.). 

Pandrosos, Pandrosos, -i (f.). 

Pangaeus (Mount), Pangeus, -i (m.), and 
Pangea, -orum (n.); of or belonging 
to Mount Pangeus, Pangeus, -a, -um., 

Panionium, Panionium, -ii (n.) ; of or re- 
lating to the Panionium, Panidnius, -a, 
-um. 

Pannicus, Pannicus, -i (m.). 

Pannonia, Pannonia, -® (f.); of or relat- 
ing to Pannonia, Pannonian, Pannont- 
cus, -a, -um, and Pannonius, -a, -um; 
pecul, fem., Panndonis, -idis. 

Panope, Panope, -es, and Panopéa, -@ (f.). 

Panopeus, Panopéus, -eos or -ei (m.). 

Panopolis, Panopdlis, -is (f.); of or relat- 
— to Panopolis, Panopolites, -e (masc. 

h.). 


Panormus, Panormus or Panhormus, -i 
(f.); Panormum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Panormus, Panormitanus, -a, -um. 

Pansa, Pansa, - (m.); of or relating to 
Pansa, Pansianus, -a, -um. 

Pantagias, the, Pantagias, -e (m.). 

Pantaleon, Pantaleon, -ontis (m.). 

Pantanus, Pantanus, -i (m.). 

Pantheon, Pantheon or Pantheum, -i (n.). 

Pantheus, Panthéus, -i (m.). 

Panthius, Panthius, -ii (m.). 

Panthus, Panthus (contracted from Pan- 
thous), -i, voc. -u (m.); son of Panthus, 
Panthoides, - (m.). 

Panticapeum, Panticapeum, -i (n.) ; of or 
belonging to Panticapeum, Panticapen- 
sis, -e; the inhabitants of Panticapeum, 
Panticaépzi, -orum (m.). 

Pantilius, Pantilius, -ii (m.). 

Pantolabus, Pantolabus. -i (m.). 

Panurgius, Panurgus, -i (m.). 

Panyasis, Panyasis, -is (m.). 

Panysus, the, Panysus, -i (m.). 

Paphlagonia, Paphlagonia, -w (f.); of or 
belonging to Paphlagonia, Paphlagoni- 
an, Paphlagonius, -a, -um; the Paphla- 
gonians, Paphlagones, -um (m.). 

Paphnutius, Paphnutius, -ii (m.). 

Paphos, Paphos or Paphus, -i (f-); of or 
belonging to Paphos, Paphian, Paphius, 
-a, -um. 

Paphus, Paphus, -i (m.). 

Papua, Papia, -@ (f.). 

Papilus, Papilus, -i (m.). 

Papinian, Papinianus, -i (m.). 

Papinius, Papinius, -ii (m.). 

Papinus, Papinus, -i (m.). 

Papirian, Papirianus, -i (m.). 

Papirins, Papirius, -ii (m.); of or relating 


PAST 


PEL 


to Papirius, Papirius, -a, -um, end Pa | Patami, the, Patami, -<vrum (m.). 


piriadnus, -a, -um. 

Papius, Papius, -ii (m.). 

Papus, Papus, -i (m.). 

Parada, Parada, -# (f.). 

Paradise, Paradisus, -i (m.). 

Paretacene, Parwtacéné, -es (f.); the in- 
habitants of Paratacene, Paretacéni, 
-orum (m.). 

Paretonium, Paretonium, -ii (n.); of or 
belonging to Paretonium, Pare#ténius, 
-a, -um. 

Paralus, Paralus, -i (m.). 

Parca, Parce, -arum ( f.). 

Parenzo, Parentium, -ii (n-). 

Parhedrus, Parhedrus, -i (m.). 

Paris, Paris, -idis, acc. -idem, -in, or -im 
(m.), @ man’s name. 

Paris (city), Lutetia, -w (f.), Parisiorum ; 
Parisii, -orum (m.); the Parisians, Pa- 
risii, -orum (m.) ; of or relating to Paris, 
Parisian, Parisidcus, -a, -um. 

Parium, Parium, -ii (.); of or belonging 
to Parium, Parianus, -a, -um. 

Parma, Parma, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Parma, Parmanus, -a, -um, and Par- 
mensis, -e; the inhabitants of Parma, 
Parmenees, -ium (m.). 

Parmenides, Parménides, -is (m.). 

Parmenio, Parménio, -6nis (m™.). 

Parmeniscus, Parméniscus, -i (m.). 

Parnassus (Mount), Parnassus or Parn&a- 
sus, -i (m.); of or belonging to Parnas- 
sus, Parnassian, Parnassius, -a, -um; 
pecul. fem., Parnassis, -idis. 

Parnes (Mount), Parnes, -éthis (m.). 

Paropamisus, Paropamisus, -i (m.); the 
dwellers on the Paropamisus, Paropami- 
sade, -arum, and Paropamisii, -orum 
(m.). 

Paroréa, Paroréa, -# (f.); the inhabitants 
of Parorea, Paroreate, -arum (m.). 

Paros, Paros and Parus, 4 (f.); of or be 
longing to Paros, Parian, Parius, -a, 
-um. 


Parparus (Mount), Parparus, -i (m.). 

Parrhasia, Parrhasia, -w (f.); of or be 
longing to Parrhasia, Parrhasian, Par- 
rhasius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Parrhasis, 
-idis (poet. for Arcadian). 

Parrhasius, Parrhasius, -ii (m.). 

Parthalis, Parthalis, -is (f-). 

Parthaon, Parthaon, -dnis (m.); of or re- 
lating to Parthaon. Parthadnius, -a, 
-um; son or descendant of Parthaon, 
Parthaonides, -s (m.). 

Parthenie, Parthénie, -es (f.). 

Parthenii, the, Parthénii, -orum (m.). 

Parthenium, Parthénium or Parthenion, 
-ii (n.), Promontorium. 

Parthenius (Mount), Parthénius, -ii (m.); 
of or relating to Mount Parthenius, Par- 
thénius, -a, -um. 

Parthenius, Parthénius, -ii (m.); of or re- 
lating to Parthenius, Parthenianus, -a, 
-um. 

Parthenon, Parthénon, -dnis (m.). 

Parthenopeus, Parthéndpseus, -i (m.). 

Parthenope, Parthénope, -es (f-); of or re- 
lating to Parthenope, Parthéndpéiug, -a, 
-um, 

Parthenopolis, Parthénépdlis, -is (f.). 

Parthia, Parthia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Parthia, Parthian, Parthius, -a, -um, 
and Parthus, -a, -um; the Parthians, 
Parthi, -orum (m.). 

Parthum, Parthum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Parthum, Parthinus, -a, -um. 

Parthusi, the, Parthusi, -orum (m.). 

Paryadres (Mount), Paryadres, - (m.). 

Pasargada, Pasargade, -arum (f.). 

Pasias, Pasias, -2 (m.). 

Pasiphaé, Pasiphaé, -es, and Pasiphaa, -& 
(f.); daughter of Pasipha2, Pasiphaéia, 
2 ( 


Pasitejes, Pasitéles, -is (m.). 
Pasithea, Pasithea, -~, and Pasithée, -es 


(f.). 
Pasitigris, the, Pasitigris, -idis or -is (m.). 
Passala, the, Passale, -arum (m.). 
Passaro, Passaro, -onis (/.). 
Pussau, Passavium, -ii (n.). 
Passerinus, Passerinus, -i (m.). 
Passienus, Passiénus, -i (m.). 
Passy, Paciacum, -i (n.). 
Pastillus, Pastillus, -i (m.). 
Pastona, Pastona, -® (f.). 
Patale, Patale, -es (f.) ; of or belonging to 
Pazale, Patalius, -a, -um. 


Patara, Patara, -e (/.) and -orum «m., 
of or belonging to Patara, Patarwus, -& 
‘um, and Pataricus, -a, -um; 
masc., Patdréus, -eos or -ei; pecul. fem, 
Pataréis, -idis ; the inhabitants of Pate 
ra, Patarani, -orum (m.). 

Patavium, Patavium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong 
ing to Patavium, Patavinus, -a, -um. 

Paterculus, Patercilus, -i (m.). 

Pateria, Pateria, -@ (f.). 

Paterninus, Paterninus, -i (m.) 

Paternus, Paternus, -i (m.). 

Patience, Patientia, -e (f.). 

Patina, Patina, -# (m.). 

Patino, Patmos, -i (f)- 

Patiscus, Patiscus, -i (m.). 

Patmos, Patmos or Patmus, 4 (f.) 

Patra, rae -arum (f.); of or belong 

Patras, ing to Patra, Patrensia, -e. 

Patricius, a -li (m.) ; of or relat 

Patrick, ing to Patricius, Patricia 
nus, -a, -um. 

Patrobas, Patrobas, -# (m.). 

Patrobius, Patrobius, -ii (m.). 

Patrocles, Patrocles, -is (m.). 

Patroclus, Patroclus, -i (m.); of or resas 
ing to (a) Patroclus, Patroclidnus, -a 
-um 


Patro, Patro, -dnis (m.). 

Patulcius, Patulcius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong 
ing to Patulcius, Patulcianus, -a, -um. 

Pau, Palum, -i (n.). 

Paul, Paullus or Paulus, -i (m.) 

Paulla, Paulla, - (f.). 

Paullina, Paullina, -@ (/.). 

Paullinus, Paullinus, -i (m.). 

Paulius, Paullus, -i (m.); of or relating te 
Paulius, Paullianus, -a, -um. 

Paullulus, Paullilus, -i (m.). 

Pausanias, Pausanias, - (m.). 

Pausias, Pausias, -w (m.); of or belong 
ing to Pausias, Pausiacus, -a, -um. 

Pausilypus (Mount), Pausilypum, 4 (n.), 
and Pausilypus, -i (m.), Mons. 

Pausistratus, Pausistratus, -i (m.). 

Pavia, Ticinum, -i (n.), q. v. 

Pavo, Pavo, -onis (m.). 

Par, Pax, -acis (f.), Julia (a town); af o 
belonging to Pax (Julia), Pacensis, -e. 

Pazea, Paxwa, - (f.) 

Pedanius, Pedanius, -ii .m.). 

Pedasum, Pedasum, -i, a%u Pedasa, -orum 


(7.). 

Pedasus, Pedasus, -i ( f)- 

Pedianus, Pedianus, -i (m.). 

Pedius, Pédius, -ii (m.); of or relating tw 
Pedius, Pedius, -a, -um. 

Pedo, Pedo, -nis (m.). 

Peduceus, Peducezus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Peduceus, Peduceanus, -a, -um. 

Pedum, Pedum, -i (”.) ; of or belonging t 
Pedum, Pedanus, -a, -um. 

Pegasus, Pégasus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Pegasus, Pegasean, Pegaséus, -a,-um, 
Pegaséius, -a, -um; and Pegasius, -a 
-um ; pecul. fem., Pegasis, -idis. 

Pegu, Berynga, -® (f.). 

Pekin, Pequinum, -i (%.). 

Pelagius, Pelagius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Pelagius, Pelagi&nus, -a, -um; the Pe 
lagians, Pelagi&ni, -orum (m.). 

Pelagon, Pelagon, -Onis (m.). 

Pelagones, the, Pelagdnes, -um (m.); the 
country of the Pelagones, Pelagdnia, -& 


(f.). 

Pelasgi, the, Pelasgi, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to the Pelasgi, Pelasgic, Pelas- 
gus, -a, -um, and Pelasgius, -a, -um; the 
land of the Pelasgi, Pelasgia, -e, ond 
Pelasgis, -idis (f.). 

Pelethronius, Pelethronius, -ii (m.); of or 
relating to Pelethronius, Pelethrdnius. 
-a, -um. 

Peleus, Peléus, -eos or -ei (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Peleus, Peléius, -a, -um; son of 
Peleus, Pelides, - (m.). 

Pelias, Pélias, - (m.); daughter of Pelias, 
Pélias, -ddis (f.). 

Pelides, v. Peleus. 

Peligni, the, Peligni, -orum (m.); of or re 
lating to the Peligni, Pelignus, -a, -um 

Pelignus, Pelignus, -i (m.). 

Pelion (Mount), Pélion, -ii (n.); Pélios, - 
(m.); and Pelius Mons; of or relating 
to Mount Pelion, Pélius, -a, -um, ana 
Peliacus, -a, -um; pecul. fem, Péilas 
-Adis. 

Pelium. Pelivm, -# (n.) 

7 


PER 


Pella, Pella, -e (f.); of or belonging to | 
Pella, Pelléan, Pelleus, -a, -um. 

Pellenaus (Mount), Pellenzus, -i (m.). 

Pellendones, the, Pellenddnes, -um (m.). 

Pellene, Pelléné, -es (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Pellene, Pellénwus, -a, -um, and Pel- 
lénensis, -e. , 

Pellio, Pellio, Onis (m.). 

P-lopea, Pélopéa, -@ (f.). 

Pelvpidas, Pelopidas, -2 (m.). 

Peloponnesus, Peloponnésus, -i (f.) ; of or 
belonging to the Peloponnesus, Pelopon- 
nesian, Peloponnésius, -a, -um; Pelo- 
ponnésiacus, -a, -um; and (late) Pelo- 
ponnensis, -e. 

Pelops, Pélops, -dpis (m.), of or relating 
to Pelops, Pélopéus, -a, -um; Pelopéius, 
a, -um; and Pélopius, -a, -um; pecul, 
Jem., Pelopéias, -adis, and Pelopéis, 
-Idis ; son or descendant of Pelops, Pe- 
ldpides, -z (m.); usually in plural, the 
Pelopide, Pélopide, -arum (m.). 

Pelorus, Pelorus, -i (m.), and Pelorum, -i 
(a.); of or belonging to Pelorus, Pelori- 
an, Peldritanus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Pe- 
lorias, -adis, and Peloris, -idis. 

Pelusium, Pélisium, -ii (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Pelusium, Pelusian, Pélisius, -a, 
-um ; Pelusiacus, -a, -um; and Pelusia- | 
nus, -a, -um; pecul. masc., Pelusidtes or 
-Ota, -@ (an innabitant of Pelusium). 

Peneleus, Pénéleus, -eos or -ei (m.). 

Penelope, Pénélopa, -, or Penelope, -es 
(f.); of or relating to Penelope, Penelo- 
peus, -a, -um. 

Penestia, Penestia, -w (f.); the inhabit. 
ants of Penestia, Peneste, -arum (m.). 
Penéus, the, Pénéus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to the Peneus, Penéus, -a, -um, and 
Pénéius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Penéis, 

-idos. 

Pennine (Alps), Pennine Alpes (f.), v. 
Alps ; of or relating to the Pennine Alps, 
Pennine, Penninus, -a, -um. 

Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, -» (f.); 
Pennsylvanian, Pennsylvanius, -a, -um. 

Pennue, Pennus, -i (m.). 

Pentadius, Pentadius, -ii (m.). 

Pentapolis, Pentapdlis, -is (f.), of or be- 
lunging to Pentapolis, Pentapdlitanus, 
-A, -um 

Pentcaactylos (Mount), Taygétus, -i (m.), 

Pentelirus (Mount), Pentélicus, -i (m.); 
or o belonging to Mount Pentelicus, 

entélicus, -a, -um, avd Pentélensis, -e. 

Penthesilea, Penthésiléa, -w (f.). 

Pentheus, Penthéus, -eos or -ei (m.) ; of or 
belonging to Pentheus, Penthéus, -a, 
-um; son or descendant of Pentheus, 
Penthides, -s3 (m.). 

Pentri, the, Pentri, -orum (m.). 

Peparethus, Péparéthus, -i (f.); of or be- 
longing to Peparethus, Peparethius, -a, 
um 





Pera, Chrysocéras, -atis (n.). 

Perea, Perea, -@ (f.). 

Percival, Percivallus, -i (m.). 

Percote, Percéte, -es (f.); of or belonging 
to Percote, Percdtius, -a, -um. 

Perdiccas, Perdiccas, - (m.). 

Perdiz, Perdix, -icis (m.). 

Peregrine, Peregrinus, -i (m.). 

Perenna, Perenna, -@ (/.). 

Perennis, Perennis, -is (m.). 

Perga, Perga, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Perga, Pergwus, -a, -um, and Pergen- 
sis, -e. 

Pergamus, Pergaéma, -orum; Pergimum, 
i (n.); and Pergamus, -i(f.); of or be- 
songing to Pergamus, Pergaménus, -a, 
-um, and Pergameus, -a, -um. 

! rgus, Pergus, -i (m.). 

Feriander, Periander, -dri, and Perian- 
drus, -i (m.). 

Peribomius, Peribomius, -ii (m.). 

Pericles, Pericles, -is (and sometimes -1) 





(m.). 

Periclymenus, Periclyménus, -i (m.). 

Perigord, Petricoriensis regio (f.). 

Perizueuz, Petricorium, -ii (n.). 

Perilaus, Perilaus, -i (m.). 

Perilla, Perilla, -w (f.). 

Perillius, Perillius, -ii (m.). 

Pertllus, Perillus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
Periilus, Perilléus, -a, -um. 

Perimede, Periméde, -es (£.); Perimédé- 
an, Perimédéus, -a, -um. 

Perimele, Periméle, -es (f.). 

pte Perinthug, -i (f.); ef or belong- 

0 


PET 


ing to Perinthus, Perinthian, Perinthius, 
-a, -um, 

Periphanes, Periphanes, -is (m.). 

Periphas, Periphas, -antis (m.). 

Periphetes, Periphétes, -ia (m.). 

Permessus, the, Permessus, -i (m.) of or 
relating to the Permessus, Permessius, 
-8, -um ; pecul. fem., Permessis, -idis. 

Pernambuco, Fernambocum, -i (n.). 

Pero, Péro, -fs (f.). 

Perolla, Perolla, -# (f.). 

Perouse, Perusa, - (f.). 

Perpenna, Perpenna, -s (m.). 

Perperene, Perpéréné, -es (f.); of or be- 
longing to Perperene, Perpérénus, -a, 
-um. 

Perperna, Perperna, -t (m.). 

Perpignan, Perpinianum, -i (n.). 

Perrhabi, the, Perrhebi. -orum (m.); the 
country of the Perrhebi, Perrhebia, - 
(f:); Perrhebian, Perrhebius, -a, -um. 

Persa, Persa, - (m.).—2. (f.) a woman's 
name; daughter of Persa, Perséis, -idis 


Perseus, Perseus, -i (m.). 

Persephone, v. Proserpina, 

Persepolis, Persépdlis, -is (f.). 

Perses, Perses, -e (m.); of or relating to 
Perses, Perséius, -a, -um, and Perséus, 
-a, -um; daughter of Perses, Perséis, 
-idis (f.). 

Perseus, Perséus, -eos or -ei (m); of or re- 
lating to Perseus, Perséius, -a, -um, and 
Bereets, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., Perséis, 
-idis, 

Persia, Persis, -Idis (f.); Persia, -@ \/.); 
of or belonging to Persia, Persian, Per- 
sicus, -a, -um, and (late) Perséus, -a, 
-um ; pecul. fem., Persis, -Idis; a Per- 
stan, Persa and Perses, -s@ (m.); the 
Persians, Perses, -arum (m.). 

Persicus, Persicus, -i (m.), an appellative ; 
of or relating to Persicus, Persicianus, 
-a, -um. 

Persis, v. Persia. 

Persius, Persius, -ii (m.). 

Perth, Fanum St. Joannis ad Tavum; Per- 
thum, -i (7.). 

Pertinaz, Pertinax, -fcis (m.). 

Peru, Peruvia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Peru, Peruvianus, -a, -um. ~ 

Perugia, pny - (f.); of or belong- 

Perusia, ing to Perusia, Perusian, 
Périisinus, -a, -um. 

Pesaro, Pisaurum, -i (n.), q. v. 

Pescara, Aternum, -i (n.). 

Pescara, the, Aternus, -i (m.). 

Pescennius, Pescennius, -ii (m.) ; of or re 
lating to Pescennius, Pegtennianus, -a, 
-um. 

Pessinus, Pessinus, -untis (f.) ; of or be- 
longing to Pessinus, Pessinuntius, -a, 
-um, and (late) Pessinunticus, -a, -um. 

Pesth, Pessium, -ii (n.). 

Pesti, Pestum, -i(n.), q. v. 

Petale, Petale, -es (f.). 

Petavio, Petavio, -dnis (f.); of Petavio, 
Petavionensis, -e. 

Peter, Petrus, -i (m.). 

Peterborough, Petuaria, - (f.); Petro- 
pburgum, -i (7.). 

Petersburg, St., Petropdlis, -is ( f.). 

Peterwardein, Acimincum, -i (7.). 

Petilia, Petilia, -w (f.); of Petilia, Petili- 
an, Petilinus, -a, -um. 

Petilium, Petilium, -ii (n.). 

Petilius, Petilius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Petilius, Petilian, Petilius, -a, -um, 
and Petilianus, -a, -um. 

Petosiris, Petdsiris, -idis (m.). 

Petra, Petra, » (f.); of or belonging to 
Petra, Petraeus, -a, -um, and (late) Pe- 
trensis, -e; pecul. masc., Petrites, -r. 

Peiraa, Petrea, -w (f.), Arabia; of Ara- 
bia Petrea, Petrzeus, -a, -um. 

Petreius, Petreius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Petreius, Petreianus, -a, -um. 

Petrine, Petring, -arum (f.); of or be- 
longing to Petrina, Petrinus, -a, -um. 

Petro, Petro, -6nis (m.). 

Petrocorii, the, Petrdcérii, -orum (m.); of 
or belonging to the Petrocorii, Petrdcdr- 

Pine -a, -um. f 
etronia, Petronia, -@ (f.). 

Petronius, Petrdnius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Petronius, Petronian, Petronius, 
“8, -um, and Petronianus, -a, -um. 

Petrus, v. Peter. 

Petialus, Pettalus, -i (m.). 


PHA 


Peuce, Peuce, -es ( f.); of or belonging & 
Peuce, Peucénus, -a, -um. 

Peucestes, Peucestes, -is (m.). 

Peucetia, Peucétia, -w (f.); of or belong 
ing to Peucetia, Peucetian, Peucetius. 
-a, -um, 

Phacium, Phacium, -ii (n.). 

Pheacia, Pheacia, -we (f.); the Pheact 
ans, Pheaces, -um (m.); in sing., Phe- 
ax, -acis; Pheacian, Pheacius, -a, -um, 
and Phejacus, -a, -um. 

Phadimus, Phedimus, -i (m.). 

Phado, Phedo, -dnis (m.). 

Phaedra, Phedra, -@ (f.). 

Phedria, Phzedria or Pheedrias, -~ (m.). 

Phedrus, Phedrus, -i (m.). 

Pheneas, Pheeneas, -w (m.). 

Phaocomes, Phedcomes, -s (m.). 

Phaestum, Phestum, -i (m.); Phestus, -1 
(f.); of or belonging to Phestum, Phses- 
tius, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., Phestias, -adis. 

Phaéthon, Phaéthon, -ontis (m.); of or re 
lating to Phaéthon, Phaéthontius, -a, 
-um, and Phaéthontéus, -a, -um; pecul. 
Sfem., Phaéthontias, -ddis, and Phaéthua- 
tis, -idis. 

Phaéthusa, Phaéthisa, -@ (f.). 

Phalecus, Phalexcus, -i (m.). 

Phalangius, Phalangius, -ii (m.). 

Phalanna, Phalanna, -e (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Phalanna, Phalannzus, -a, -um. 

Phalantus, Phalantus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Phalantus, Phalantéus, -a, -um, 
and Phalantinus, -a, -um. 

Phalara, Phalara, -orum (7.). 

Phalaris, Phialaris, -idis, acc, -idem or -in 


(m.). 
Phalasarne, f haiasarne, -es (f.); of or be 
longing to Phalasarne, Phalasarnéus, a, 
m. 


um. 

Phalasia, Phalasia, -ae (f.). 

Phaleg, Phaleg, indecl. (m.). 

Phalerum, Phalérum, -i, and Phaléra 
-Orum (7.); of or belonging to Phale- 
rum, Phaléricus, -a, -um; pecul. masc., 
Phaléréus, -eos or -ei. 

Phalerion, Phalerion, -6nis (m.). 

Phalerus, Phalérus, -i (m.). 

Phalesina, Phalesina, -ae (/f.). 

Phaliscus, Phaliscus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Phaliscus, Phaliscus, -a, -um, 

Phaloria, Phaloria, -« (f.). 

Phamea, Phamea, -# (m.). 

Phane, Phane, -arum (f.); of or beiong 
ing to Phana, Phanseus, -a, -um. 

Phanagoria. Phanagoria, -@ (f-). 

Phanias, Phanias, - (m.). 

Phanote, Phanote, -es (f-). 

Phanotea, Phanotéa, -« (f.) 

Phanuel, Phanuel, -élis (m.). 

Phaon, Phaon, -6nis (m.), lover of Sappho.— 
2. Phaon, -ontis (m.), freedman of Nero. 

Phare, Phare, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Phare, Pharzus, -a, -um. 

Pharaoh, Pharao or Pharaon, -dnis (m.). 

Pharasmanes, Pharasmanes, -is (7.). 

Pharathon, Pharathon, -dnis (f.); an in 
habitant of Pharathon, Pharathonites, 
-B@ (m.). 

Pharisee, a, Phariseus, -i (m.) ; the Pharv- 
sees, Pharisei, -6rum (m.); of or relat. 
tng to the Pharisees, Pharisaic, Phari- 
seus, a, um, and Pharisaicus, -a, -um. 

Pharmacusa, Pharmacusa, -@ (f.). — 

Pharnabazus, Pharnabazus, -i (m.). 

Pharnaces, Pharnaces, -is (m.). 

Pharnacia, Pharnacia, -@ (f.). 

Pharos, Pharos or Pharus, -i (f.); of or be- 
longing to Pharos, Pharius, -a, -um, and 
Phariacus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of 
Pharos, Pharite, -arum (m.). 

Pharsalus, Pharsalus, -i (f.); of or belong: 
tng to Pharsalus, Pharsalian, Pharsali- 
cus, -a, um, and Pharsalius, -a, -um. 

Pharus, v. Pharos. 

Pharusii, the, Pharusii, -orum (m.). 

Phasania, Phasania, -@ (f.). 

Phaselis, Phasélis, -idis (f.); of or belong 
ing to Phaselis, Phaselinus, -a, -um; the 
inhabitants of Phaselis, Phaselite, -arum 


(m.). 

Phasis, the, Phasis, -is and -idis (m.); of or 
belonging to the Phasis, Phasianus, -a, 
-um, and Phasiacus, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., 
Phasias, -&dis, and Phasis, -Idis (peet. for 
Colchian). 

Phatnitic, Phatniticus, -a, -um; the Phat- 
nitic mouth (of the Nile), Phatniticum 
Ostium. 





PHI 


Phazania, Phazania, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Phaczania, Phazanius, -a, -um. 

Pheca, Pheca, -# (f.). 

Phegeus, Phegéus, -eos or -ei (m.); of or 
belonging to Phegeus, Phegéius, -a, -um; 
daughter of Phegeus, Phégis, -idis (/-). 

Phellus, Phellus, -i (m.). 

Phellusa, Phellusa, -# (f.). 

Phemius, Phémius, -ii (m.). 

Phemonoé, Phemonde, -es (f:). 

Pheneus, Pheneus or Pheneos, -i (f.), and 
Pheneum, -i (”.); the inhabitants of 
Pheneus, Pheneate, -arum (m.). 

Phere, Pherw, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Phere, Pherean, Phersus, -a, -um. 

Phereclus, Phéreclus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Phereclus, Pherecléus, -a, -um. 

Pherecrates, Pherecrates, -is (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to Pherecrates, Pherecrétius, -8, 


-um. 

Pherecydes, Pherecydes, -is (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to Pherecydes, Pherecydéus, -a, 
-um. 

Pheres, Pheres, -étis (m.); son of Pheres 
Pheretiades, -« (m.). 

Pheretus, Pherétus, -i (m.). 

Pherezai, the, Pherezei, -orum (m.). 

Phiale, Phiale, -es (f.). 

Phidias, Phidias, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Phidias, Phidiacus, -a, -um. 

Phidippides, Phidippides, -is (m.). 

Phidippus, Phidippus, -i (m.). 

Phidon, Phidon, -onis (m.). 

Phidyle, Phidyle, -es (f.). 

Phigellus, Phigellus, -i (m.). 

Philadelphia, Philadelphia, - (f.); of or 
belonging to Philadelphia, Philadelphi- 
an, Philadelphénus, -a, -um ; the Phila- 
delphians, Philadelphéni, -orum (m.). 

Philadelphus, Philadelphus, -i (m.). 

Phila, Philew, -arum (f.). 

Phileni, Phileni, -orum or -6n (m.). 

Philenis, Philenis, -idis (f.). 

Philenius, Philenius, -ii (m.). 

Philenus, v. Phileni. 

Philagrius, Philagrius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Philagrius, Philagrianus, -a, -um. 

Philammon, Philammon, -6nis (m.). 

Philarchus, Philarchus, -i (m.). 

Philargyrus, Philargyrus, -i (m.). 

Phileas, Phileas, -a3 (m.). 

Philemenus, Phileménus, -i (m.). 

Philemon, Philémon, -dnis (m.). 

Phileros, Phileros, -6tis (m.). 

Philesius, Philesius, -ii (m.). 

Phileterus, Phileterus, -i Oe. 

Philétas, Philétas, -2 (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Philetas, Phileteeus, -a, -um. 

Philetes, Philétes, -v2 (m.). 

Philetus, Philétus, -i (m.). 

Philibert, Philibertus, -i (m.). 

Philinus, Philinus, -i (m.). 

Philip, Philippus, -i (m.), q. ¥ 

Philippa, Philippa, -@ (f.). 

Philippeville, Philippdpidlis, -is (f-), q. v. 

Philippi, Philippi, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to Philippi, Philippéus, -a-um; 
Philippensis, -e; and Philippicus, -a, 
-um; the Philippians, Philippenses, -ium 


(m.). 

Philippides, Philippides, -s or -is (m.). 

Philippopolis, Philippopdlis, -is (f.) ; of or 
belonging to Philtppopolis, Philippdpo- 
litanus, -a, -um. 

Philippus, Philippus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Philippus or Philip, Philippicus, 
a, -um, and Philippéus, -a, -um. 

Philipsburg, Philippodpdlis, -is (f.), q. v. 

Philiscus, Philiscus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
to Philiscus, Philiscius, -a, -um. 

Philistines, the, Philistwi, and Philistini, 
orum (m.); the country of the Philis- 
tines, Philistwea, -2, and Philistiim, in- 
decl. (f.); Philistine, Philisteus, -a, -um, 
and Philistinus, -a, -um. 

Philistio, Philistio, -dnis (m.). 

Philistus, Philistus, -i (m.). 

Phillyrides, v. Philyra. 

Philo, Philo, -Onis (m.). 

Philocharis, Philocharis, -is (m.). 

Philochorus, Phildchdrus, -i (m.). 

Philocles, Philicles, -is (m.). 

Philocrates, Philocrites, -ts (m.). 

Philoctetes, Philoctétes, - (m.); of or re- 
lating te Philoctetes, Philoctéteus, -a, 
-um. 

Philodamus, Philodimus, -i (m.). 

Philodemus, Philodémus, -i (m.). 

Philodorus Philodorus, -i (m.). 








PHO 


Philogenes, Phildgénes, -is (m.). 
Philogonus, Phildgénus, -i (m.). 
Phalolaus, Phildlaus, -i (m.). 

Philomedes, Philémédes, -is or - (m.). 

Philomela, Philoméla, -w (f.). 

Philomelium, Philomelium, -ii (n.); of or 
belonging to Philomelium, Philomélien- 
sis, -e. 

Philomelus, Philémélus, -i (m.). 

Philometor, Philémétor, -oris (m.). 

Philon, v. Philo. 

Philonides, Phil6nides, -& (m.). 

Philonis, Phil6nis, -idis ( f.). 

Philopator, Phildpator, -dris (m.). 

Philophron, Phildphron, -dnis (m.). 

Philopemen, Phildpcoomen, -énis (m.). 

Philostratus, Philostratus, -i (m.). 

Philotas, Philétas, -e (m.). 

Philotera, Philotera, -@ (f.). 

Philotes, Philotes, -s (m.) 

Philotimus, Phildtimus, -i (m.). 

Philozenus, Philoxénus, -i (m.). 

Philus, Philus, -i (m.). 

Philyra, Philyra, -e (f.); of or relating to 
Philyra, Philyreus, -a, -um, and Phily- 
réius, -a, -um; son of Philyra, Philf¥ri- 
des (poet. Phillyr-), -& (m.). 

Philyrides, v. foregoing. 

Phineas, Phineas, - (m.). 

Phineus, Phinéus, -eos or -ei (m.); of or 
relating to Phineus, Phinéus, -a, -um, 
and Phinéius, -a, -um; son of Phinews, 
Phinides, -# (m.). 

Phinépélis, Phindpdlis, -is ( f-). 

Phintia, Phintia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Phintia, Phintiensis, -6 

Phintias, Phintias, -@ (m.). 

Phison, the, Phison, -6nis (m.), 

Phlegethon, Phlegéthon, -ontis (m.); uf or 
belonging to Phlegethon, Phiegethonté- 
us, -a, -um, and Phlégéthontius, -a, -um , 
pecul. fem., Phlegethontis, -Idis. 

Phlegon, Phiegon, -ontis (m.). 

Phlegra, Phiegra, -® (f.); af or belonging 
to Phlegra, Phiegreus, -a, -um. 

Phlegraus, Phiegreus, -i (m.). 

Phlegyas, Phiégyas, -e (m.). 

Phlius, Phifus, -untis (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Phlius, Phliasian, Phiiasius, -a, 
-um ; the inhabitants of Phlius, Phiiun- 
tii, -orum (m.). 

Phlogis, Phidégis, -Idis (f-). 

Phobetor, Phobétor, -6ris (m.). 

Phoca, Phoca, -# (m.). 

Phocaa, Phocea, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Phocea, Phocean, Phocaicus, -a, -um ; 
Phoceeus, -a, -um; and Phéceensis, -€ ; 
pecul. fem., Phocais, -idis; the tnhabit- 
ants of Phucea, Phoceenses, -ium, and 
Phocwei, -orum (7m.). 

Phocas, Phocas, -#@ (m.). 

Phocion, Phocion, -dnis (m.). 

Phocis, Phécis, -idis ( f.); of or belonging 
to Phocis, Phocian, Phocaicus, -a, -um ; 
Phocéus, -a, -um; and Phocensis, ; 
the Phocians, Phocenses, -ium (m.) 

Phocus, Phocus, -i (m.). 

Phoda, Phoda, -# (f.). 

Phebas, Phoebas, -adis (f.). 

Phebe, Phoebe, -es ( f.). 

Phebidas, Phosbidas, -® (m.). 

Phebus, Phoebus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Phebus, Phoebéus, -a, -um, Phosbéius, 
-a, um; and Phosbiacus, -a, -um. 

Phaenice, Phosnice, -es (f.). 

Phenicia, Phoenice, -es, and Phoenicia, -# 
(f.); of or belonging to Phenicia, Phe- 
nician, Phoenicius, -a, -um; pecul. masc., 
Phoenix, -icis; pecul. fem., Phosnissa, -2 ; 
the Phenicians, Phoenices, -um (m.). 

Phenicus, Phoenicus, -untis (f.). 

Phenicusa, Pheenicisa, - (f.). 

Pheniz, Phoenix, -icis (m.). 

Pholegandrus, Pholegandrus, -i ( f.). 


| Pholoe (Mount), Pholde, -es (f.); of or be- 


longing to Pholoé, Pholdéticus, -a, -um. 

Pholus, Phdlus, -i (m.). 

Phorbas, Phorbas, -antis (m.). 

Phorcus, Phorcus, -i, or Phoreys, -yos 
(m.) ; daughter of Phorcus, Phorcis, 
Adis (f.). 

Phormio, Phormio, -dnis (m.). 

Phoroneus, Phoroneéus, -eos or -ei (m.) ; of 
or relating to Phoroneus, Phdrénéus, -a, 
-um; daughter or female descendant of 
Phoroneus, Phordnis, -idis ( f.). 

Phorontis, Phorontis, -idis ( f.). 

Photinus, Photinus, -i (m.); followers of 
Photinus, Photiniani, -orum (nm 


PIS 


| Photius, Photius, -ii (m.). 
| Phraates, Phraates or Phrahates, - im» 

Phradmon, Phradmon, -dnis (m.). 

Phragande, Phraganda, -arum (/.). 

Phrahates, vy. Phraates. 

Phrizus, Phrixus, -i (m.); of or relating u 
Phrizus, Phrixéus, -a, -um. 

Phrygia, Phrygia, -w (f.); of or belong 
ing to Phrygia, Phrygian, Phrygius, -a 
-um ; the Phrygians, Phryges, -um (m > 
tn sing., Phryx, -¥gis (m.). 

Phryne, Phryne, -es (f.). 

Phrynichus, Phrynichus, -i (m.}. 

Phryz, the, Phryx, -¥gis (m- 

Phthia, Phthia, -w (f:); of or belonging 
to Phthia, Phthius, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., 
Phthias, -fdis; the territory of Phthia, 
Phthiotis, Phthidtis, -idis ( f.); of or be- 
longing to Phthiotis, Phthidticus, -a, 
-um ; the inhabitants of Phthia or Phtht 
otis, Phthidte, -arum (m.). 

Phyaces, Phyaces, -# (m.). 

Phycari, the, Phycari, -orum (m.). 

Phycus, Phycus, -untis (m.). 

Phylace, Phylace, -es (f.); of or belong 
ing to Phylace, Phylacéus, -a, -ums, and 
Phylacéius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Phy- 
lacéis, -idis. 

Phylarchus, Phylarchus, -i (m.). 

Phylaz, Phylax, -acis (m.). 

Phyle, Phyle, -es (f-). 

Phylleus, i hele -e08 or -el (m., 

Phyllis, Phyllis, -idis (f-). 

Phyllius, Phyllius, -ii (m.). 

Phyllodoce, Phyllddéce, -es (f.). 

Physcella, Physcella, - (f.). 

Piacenza, Placentia, -# (f-), q. v- 

Piava, the, Plavis, -is (m.). 

Picens, Picens, -entis (m.), v. Picenum 

Picentia, Picentia, - (f.). 

Picenum, Picénum, -i (n.); of or belong 
ing to Picenum, Picénus, -a, -um, Pt 
cens, -entis (adj.); and Picentinus -a, 
-um; the Picentines, Picentes, -ium (m.). 

Pictavi, the, Pictavi, -orum (m.) ; of or be 
longing to the Pictavi, Pictavicus, -a, 
-um, and Pictavus, -a, -um 

Pictones, the, Picténes, -um (m.); 07 ur be 
longing to the Pictones, Pictdnicus, -a 
-um. 

Picts, the, Picti, -orum (m.). 

Pictor, Pictor -6ris (m.). 

Picus, Picus, -i (m.). 

Pidauro or Pithauro, Epidaurus, -i (f.). 


q. V. 

Piedmont, Pedemontium, -ii (7.). 

Pieria, Piéria, -@ (f.); of or belonging w 
Pieria, Pierian, Piérius, a, um, and Pi- 
éricus, -a,-um; pecul. fem., Pieris, -idis, 
especially in plural (of the Muses); ths 
Pierians, Piéres, -um (m.). 

Pierus, Piérus, -i (m.). 

Pietola, Andes, -ium (f.). 

Pilate, Pilatus, -i (m.). 

Pilia, Pilia, -@ (f.). 

Pilius, Pilius, -ii (m.). 

Pilumnus, Pilumnus, -i (m.). 

Pimplea, Pimpléa, -@ (f.); of or relating 
to Pimplea, Pimpléan, Pimpléus, -a,-um, 
pecul. fem., Pimpléis, -idis, and Pimpli- 
as, -adis; esp. in pl. (for the Muses). 

Pinara, Pinara, -@ ( f-) ; the inhabitants of 
Pinara, Pinarite, -arum (m.). 

Pinarius, Pin&rius, -ii (m.); usually in plu 
ral, the Pinarit, Pinarii, -orum. 

Pinarus, the, Pinarus -i (m.). 

Pindar, Pindarus, -i(m.) ; of or relating to 
Pindar, Pindaric, Pindiricus, -a, -um, 
and (late) Pindireus, -a, -um, 

Pindasus (Mount), Pindasus, -i (m.). 

Pindenissus, Pindenissus, -i (f.); the in 
habitants of Pindenissus, Pindenisss, 
-arum (m.). 

Pindus (Mount), Pindus, -i (#.) 

Pinnius, Pinnius, -ii (m.). 

Pinus, Pinus, -i (m.). 

Piombino, Plumbirum, -i (n.) 

Piperno, Privernum, -i (7.). 

Pippa, Pippa, -@ (f-). 

Piraeus, Pireeus, -i (m.); Pireéus, -eos or 
-ei (m.); and Pirwa, -orum (7.); of or 
belonging to Piraeus, Pireus, -a, -um. 

Pirene, Piréné, -es (f.); of Pirene, Ptrent 
an, Pirénis, -idis (fem. adj.). 

Pirithous, Pirithdus, -i (m.). 

Pirusti, the, Pirusti, -orum (m.). 

Pisa, Pisa, -e (f.); of or relating to Pisa, 
Piseeus, -a, -um.—2. the ancient Pisw 


Pe 
% 741 


PLi 


rise ( Pise, -arum (f.); of or belonging 

Pisa, ; to Pisa, Pisan, Pisseus, -a, -um, 
and Pisanns, -a, -um. 

Pisander, Pisander, -dri (m.). 

Pisatello, Rubicon, -6nis (m.). 

Pisaurum, Pisaurum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Pisaurum, Pisaurensis, -€. 

Pisaurus, the, Pisaurus, -i (m.). 

Pisenor, Pisénor, -6ris (m.). 

Pisidia, Pisidia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Pisidia, Pisidian, Pisidicus, -a, -um ; 
the Pisida, Piside, -arum (m.). 

Pisistratus, Pisistratus, -i (m.); son of Pi- 
sistratus, Pisistratides, -e (m.). 

Pisitheus, Pisitheus, -i (m.). 

Piso, Piso, -onis (m.) ; of or belonging to 
Piso, Pisonianus, -a, -um. 

Pistoia, Pistorium, -ii (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Pistoia, Pistoriensis, -e. 

Pistus, Pistus, -i (m.). 

Pitana, Pitana, -w, and Pita&ne, -es (f.); 
of or belonging to Pitana, Piténesus, -8, 
-um. 

Pitharatus, Pitharatus, -i (m.). 

Pithecusa, Pitheciisa, -~, and Pithecise, 
-arum (f.). 

Pitholaus, Pithdlaus, -i (m.). 

Pitholeon, Pitholeon, -ontis (m.). 

Pitinum, Pitinum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
to Pitinum, Pitinas, -ftis (adj.). 

Pittacus, Pittacus, -i (m.). 

Pittheus, Pitthéus, -eos or -ei (m.); of or 
belonging to Pittheus, Pitthéus or Pit- 
sine, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Pitthéis, 
-idis. 

Pituanius, Pituanius, -ii (m.). 

Pitulum, Pitulum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
to Pitulum, Pitulanus, -a, -um. 

Pityusa, the, Pityise, -arum (f.). 

Pius, Pius, -ii (m.). 

Placentia, Placentia, -~ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Placentia, Placentinus, -a, -um. 

Placia, Placia, -# (f.). 

Placideianus, Placideianus, -i (m.). 

Placidia, Placidia, -# (f.). 

Placidus, Placidus, -i (m.). 

Pletorius, Pletorius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Pletorius, Pletorian, Pletorius, 
-a, -um, and Pletorianusg, -a, -um. 

Plaguleius, Plaguleius, -ii (m.). 

Plaisance, Placentia, -e (f.). 

Planaria, Planaria, -# (f.). 

Planasia, Planasia, -« (f.). 

Plancina, Plancina, -# (f.)- 

Planctus, Plancius, -ii (m.). 

Plancte, Plancte, -arum (f.). 

Plancus, Plancus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Plancus, Plancianus, -a, -um. 

Planius, Planius, -ii (m.). 

Platee, Plate, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Platee, Platean, Platwsus, -a, 
um, and Platw#ensis, -e; the inkabitants 
of Platee, Plateenses, -ium (m.). 

Platea, Platéa, -w (f.). 

Platea, Platew, -arum (f.). 

Plato, Plato, -dnis (m.); of or relating to 
Plato, Platonic, Platénicus, -@, -um; the 
Platonists, Plat6nici, -orum (m.). 

Plator, Plator, -oris (m.). 

Plautia, Plautia, -« (f.). 

Plautianus, Plautianus, -i (m.). 

Plautillus, Plautillus, -i (m.). 

Plautius, Plautius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Plautius, Plautian, Plautius, -a, -um. 

Plautus, Plautus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Plautus, Plautinus, -a, -um, and Plauti- 
anus, -a, -um. 

Plavis, the, Plavis, -is (m.). 

Pleiad, a, Pléias, -adis (f.); the Pleiads, 
Pléiades, -um (/f.). 

Pleione, Pléidne, -es (f.). 

Pleminius, Pléminius, -ii (m.); of or be- 
longing to Pleminius, Pleminianus, -a, 
-um. 

Plemmyrium, Plemmyrium, -ii (n.). 

Plestia, Plestia, -2 (f.) ; of or belonging to 
Plestia, Plestinus, -a, -um. 

Pleumosii, the, Pleumosii or Pleumoxii, 
-orum (m.). 

Pleuwratus, Pleuratus -i (m.). 

Pleuron, Pleuron, -6nis (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Pleuron, Pleuronius, -a, -um. 

Plinius, Plinius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Pliny, Plinianus, -a, -um. 

Plinthius, Plinthius, -ii (m.). 

Pliny, Plinius, -ii (m.), q. v. 

Plisthenes, Plisthénes, -is (m.) ; af or relat- 
ing to Plisthenes, Plisthenius, -a, -um; 
eon of Lied Plisthénides, -s (m.). 

42 








POM 


Plistia, v. Plestia. 

Plitendum, Plitendum, -i (n.). 

Plocamus, Plocamus, -i (m.). 

Plota, the, Plot, -arum (f.), Insule. 

Plotina, Plotina, -t (f.). 

Plotinus, Plétinus, -i (m.). 

Plotius, Plotius, -ii (m.). 

Plutarch, Plutarchus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Plutarch, Plutarchéus, -a, -um. 

Plutianus, Plutianus, -i (m.). 

Pluto, Plato or Pliton, -dnis (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to Pluto, Plutonian, Plaiténius, -a, 


-um. 

Plutus, Plitus, -i (m.). 

Pluvina, Pluvina, -@ (f.). 

Plymouth, TamaropOlis, -is (f.); Plymouth 
Sound, Tamari Ostia. 

Po, the, Padus, -i (m.), q. v.; Greek and 
poet., Eridanus, -i (m.). 

Podalirius, Podalirius, -ii (.). 

Podarce, Podarce, -es (f.). 

Podarces, Podarces, -is (m.). 

Peas, Pas, -antis (m.) ; of or relating to 
Peas, Poeantius, -a, -um; son of Peas, 
Poantiades, - (m.). 

Pecile, Poscile, -es (f.)- 

Peni, the, v. Carthage. 

Penius, Posnius, -ii (m.). 

Poitiers, Pictavium, -ii (n.). 

Poitou, Ager Pictavicus or Pictdnicus,; v. 
Pictavi and Picténes. 

Pola, Pola, - (f.), a city; of or belonging 
to Pola, Polensis, -e, and Pdlaticus, -a, 
-um.—2. (m.) @ man’s name. 

Poland, Polonia, -« (f.); Polish, Polont- 
ensis, -e; in classical Latin included in 
Sarmatia, -@ (f.). 

Poleas, Poleas, -& (m.). 

Polemarchus, Polemarchug, -i (m.). 

Polemo, Polémo or Polémon, -énis (m.) ; 
of or relating to Polemo, Polemdnéus, 
-a, -um, and Polem6niacus, -a, -um. 

Polemoerates, Polemocrates, -is (m.). 

Policastro, Buxentum, -i (n.); Gulf of 
Policastro, Laiis, -i (m.) Sinus. 

Policoro, Heracléa, -@ (f.)- 

Poliorcetes, Poliorcétes, -# (m.). 

Polites, Pdlites, -e (m.). 

Polla, Polla, -# (f.). 

Pollentia, 2 Pollentia, -e (f.); of or be 

Pollenza, } longing to Pollentia, Pollen- 
tinus, -a, -um. 

Polles, Polles, -étis (m.). 

Pollio, Pollio, -6nis (m.). 

Pollius, Pollius, -ii (m.). 

Pollutia, Pollutia, - (f.). 

Polluz, Pollux, -icis (m.). 

Polus, Pdlus, -i (m.). 

Polusca, Polusca, -® ( f.). 

Polyenus, Polysnus, -i (m.). 

Polyaratus, Polyaratus, -i (m.) 

Polybe, Polybe, -es (f.). 

Polybetes, Pdl¥bétes, - (m.). 

Polybius, Pdlybius, -ii (m.). 

Polybus, Polybus, 4 (m.). 

Polycarp, Pol¥ycarpus, -i (m.). 

Polycharmus, Pol¥charmus, -i (m.). 

Polycles, Polycles, -is (™.). 

Polyclet7is, Polyclétus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Polycletus, Polyclétéus, -a, -um. 

Polycrates, Polycrates, -is (m.). 

Polycratia, Polycratia, -« (f.). 

Polydemon, Polydemon, -dnis (m.). 

Polydamas, Poly damas, -antis (m.). 

Polydectes, Polydectes, -s (m.). 

Polydector, Polydector, -dris (m.). 

Polydora, Polydora, -# (f.). 

Polydorus, 2 Polydorus, -i (m.); of or re- 

Polydore, lating to Polydorus, Poly- 
doréus, -a, -um. 

Polygnotus, Polygnétus, -i (m.). 

Polyhymnia, Polyhymnia, -s (f-). 

Polyidus, Polyidus, -i (m.). 

Polymestor, Polymestor or Polymnestor, 
-dris (m.). 

Polymnus, Polymnus, -i (m.). 

Polynices, Pdlynices, -is (m.). 

Polypemon, Polypémon, -dnis (m.). 

Polyphemus, Polyphémus, -i (m.). 

Polyphontes, Polyphontes, -# (m.). 

Polypetes, Polypcetes, - (m.). 

Polyzena, Polyxéna, -®, or Polyxéue, -e8 
(f); of or belonging to Polyzena, Po- 
lyxénius, -a, -um. 

Polyzenus, Polyxénus, -i (m.). 

Polyzo, Polyxo, -is(f.).  . 

Pomerania, Pomerania, - (f.); Pomera- 
nian, Pomeranus, -a, -um. 

Pometia, Pométia, -@ (f.) ; Pométii, rum 


Our 


(m.) ; of Pomctia, Pometian, Pometinus 
-a, -um, and Pométinensis, -e. 

Pomona, Pomona, -® (f.); of or belong 
ing to Pomona, Pomoniiis, -e. 

Pompeia, Pompeia, -x (f.). 

Pompcianus, Pompeianus, -i (m.). 

Pompeii, Pompeii, -orura (m.); of or be 
longing to Pompeii, Pompeianus, -a, 
-um. 

Pompeispélis, Pompeidpolis, -is (f-). 

Pompeius, { Pompeius, -ii (m.); of or re 

Pompey, ; lating to Pompeius, Pompét- 
an, Pompeianus, -a, -um, and Pompéi- 
us, -8, -um, 

Pompilius, Pompilius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
ing to Pompilius, Pompilian, Pompilius, 
-a, -um, and Pompilianus, -a, -um. 

Pompilla, Pompilla, -e (f.). 

Pompillus, Pompillus, -i (m.). 

Pomponia, Pomponia, -@ (f.). 

Pomponian, Pomponianus, -i (m.), 

Pomponius, Pomponius, -ii (m.) ; of or re 
lating to Pomponius, Pomponian, Pom- 
ponius, -a, -um, and Pomponianus, -a, 

































-um. 

Pomptine (Marshes), the, Pomptine Palt- 
des ; Pomptina Palus; Pomptine, Pomp- 
tinus, Pomtinus, or Pontinus, -a, -um. 

Pomptinus, Pomptinus, -i (m.). 

Pomtine (Marshes), v. Pomptine. 

Pondicherry, Ponticerium, -ii (n.). 

Pontia, Pontia, -w (f.), a city; of or be 
longing to Pontia, Pontianus, -a, -um.— 
2. @ woman's name. 

Ponticus, Ponticus, -i (m.). 

Pontidia, Pontidia, -% (f-). 

Pontidius, Pontidius, -ii (m.). 

Pontificius, Pontificius, -ii (m.). 

Pontine (Marshes), v. Pomptine. 

Pontius, Pontius, -ii (m.). 

Pontus, Pontus, -i (m.), @ cowntry.—2. (the 
Euzine Sea), Pontus Euxfnus, and ab- 
sol., Pontus, -i (m.). 

Popilia, Popilia, -@ (f.). 

Popilius, Popilius, -ii (m.); of or belong 
ing to Popilius, Popilius, -a, -um, and 
Popilianus, -a, -um. 

Poppea, Poppa, -® (f-). 

Poppeus, Poppxus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
to Poppeus, Poppean, Poppsus, -a, -um, 
and Poppeanus, -a, -um. 

Populonia, Populdnia, -« (f.), and Popu- 
lénium, -ii (”.); of or belonging to Pop- 
ulonia, Populoniensig, -e. 

Porcia, Porcia, - (f-). 

Porcius, Porcius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Porcius or the Porcia gens, 

Porcius, -a, -um. 

Porius, Porius, -ii (m.). 

Poros, Calauria, -® (f-). 

Porphyrio, Porphyrio, -onis (m.). 

Bovine Porphyris, -idis (f.). 

Porphyrius, Pale 

Porphyry, $ porphyrins, ii (m.). 

Porsenna, Porséna or Porsenna, -t (m.) 

Port Mahon, v. Mahon. 

Porto, v. Oporto. 

Porto Rico, Insula St. Joannis Portus Dt 
vitis. 

Port Royal, Annapolis, -is (f.). 

Portsmouth, Magnus Portus (m.). 

Portugal, Lusitania, -@ (f-), q- V- 

Portumnus, Portumnus, -i (m.). 

Portunus, Portunus, -i (m.). 

Porus, Porus, -i (m.). 

Posen, Posna, -@ (f.). 

Posidea, Posidéa, - (f.). 

Posides, Posides, -is (m.). 

Posidéum, Posidéum, -i (n.). 

Posidippus, Posidippus, -i (m.). 

Posidius, Posidius, -ii (m.); of or relateng 
to Posidius, Posidianus, -a, -um. 

Posidonia, Posidonia, -® (f.). 

Posidonius, Posidonius, -ii (m.). 

Posthumia, Hard sass or Postimia, -# 

Postumia, Gs 

Posthumius, 2 Posthimius or Postiimius, 

Postumius, } ii (m.); of or relating te 
Postumius, Postumian, Postimius, -a 
-um. 

Postumulenus, Postimilénus, -i (m.). 

Postumus, Postimus or Posthtimus, -i (m-) 

Potamo, Potamo, -énis (m.). 

Potentia, Potentia, - (f.); of or belong 
ing to Potentia, Potentinus, -a, -um 

Potentius, Potentius, -ii (m.). 

Potenza, Potentia, -» (f-), 4. ¥: 

Pothinus, Pothinus, -i (m.). 

Potidea, Potidea, -@ ( f.). 


PRU 


Potidanza, Potidania, - (f.). 

Potitius, Potitius, -ii (m.); the Potitéi, Po- 
titii, -orum (m.) ; of or belonging to Po- 
titius, Potitianus, -a, -um. 

Potitus, Potitus, -i (m.). 

Potnia, Potniaw, -arum (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Potnia, Potnias, -adis (fem. adj.). 

Potsdam, Bostampium, -ii (7.). 

Pozzuolo, Putedli, -orum (m.); Gulf of 
Pozzuolo, Putedlanus Sinus. 

Praneste, Preeneste, -is (n.), and Preenes- 
tis, -is (f.) ; of or belonging to Preneste, 
Preenestinus, -a, -um. 

Pratorium, Pretorium, -ii (n.). 

Pratutian, Pretutius, -a, -um, and Pretu- 
tidnus, -a, -um. 

Pr Boidbinum, -i (.); Praga, - (f.); 
te or belonging to Prague, Pragensis, -e. 

Prasia, Prasiwz, -arum (/.). 

Prasii, the, Prasii, -orum (m.), of or be- 
longing to the Prasii, Prasian, Prasia- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Prasutagus, Prasutagus, -i (m.). 

Prazagoras, Praxagoras, -t (m.). 

Praxeas, Praxeas, -w (m.); of or relating 
to Prazeas, Praxeanus, -a, -um. 

Prazilla, Praxilla, -« (f-). 

Praziteles, Praxitéles, -is (m.) ; of or relat- 
ing to Prarxiteles, Praxitélius, -a, -um. 

Prazo, Praxo, -6nis or -fis (f.). 

Precianus, Precianus, -i (m.). 

Prepesinthus, Prepesinthus or -thos, -i(f.). 

es Brecislaburgum, -i; Posonium, 
“li (n.). 

Pretianus, v. Precianus. 

Pretius, Pretius, -ii (m.). 

Prevesa, Nicopolis, -is (f-), q. v. 

Priam, Priamus, -i (m.); of or belonging 
to Priam, Priaméius, -a, -um; son of 
Priam, Priamides, -# (m.); daughter 
of Priam, Priaméis, -idis (f.). 

Priapus, Priapus, -i (m.); of or relating to 

tapus, Priapéan, Priapéus, -a, -um. 

Priene, Priéne, -es, and Priéna, -w (f.); 
of or belonging to Priene, Prieneus, -a, 
-um; Priénius, -a, -um; and Prienen- 
sis, -e. 

Primus, Primus, -i (m.). 

Princeps, Princeps, -ipis (#s.) 

Prineus, Prineus, -i (m.) 

Prion, Prion, -onis (m.). 

Prisca, Prisca, -w (f.). 

Priscian, Priscianus, -i (m.). 

Prisciana, Prisciana, -@ (f.). 

Priscilla, Priscilla, -2 (f.). 

Priscillianus, Priscillianus, -1 (m.); the 
followers of Priscillianus, Priscillianis- 
tee, -arum (m.). 

Priscus, Priscus, -i (m.). 

Privernum, Privernum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Privernum, Privernas, -atis 
(adj.); the inhabitants of Privernum, 
Privernates, -ium (m.). 

Probatus, Probatus, -i (m.). 

Probinus, Probinus, -i (m.). 

Probus, Probus, -i (m.). 

Procas, Précas, -2 (m.). 

Prochorus, Prdchodrus, -i (m.). 


-li (m.). 

Procilla, Procilla, -s (f.). 

Procles, Procles, -is (m.). 

Proclus, Proclus, -i (m.). 

Procne, Procne or Progne, -es (f.). 

Proconnesus, Proconnésus, -i (f.); of or 
belonging to Proconnesus, Proconnési- 
us, -a, -um, and Proconnensis, -e. 

Procopius, Procipius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
ing to Procopius, Procopianus, -a, -um. 

Procris, Procris, -is (f.). 

Procrustes, Procrustes, - (m.). 

Procula, Procula, -@ (f.). 

Proculeia, Proculéia, -@ (f.). 

Proculeius, Proculéius, -li (m.). 

Proculus, Priciilus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Proculus, Proculianus, -a, -um. 

Prodicus, Prodicus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Prodicus, Prodicius, -a, -um. 

Proerna, Proerna, -® (f.). 

Pratus, Proetus, -i (m.); daughter of Pre- 
tus, Prostis, -idis ( f.). 

Progne, v. Procne. 

Prometheus, Prométheus, -eos or -ei (m.) ; 
of or belonging to Prometheus, Prome- 

ian, Prométhéus, -a, -um; son of Pro- 

metheus, Prométhides, -w (m.). 

Promolus, Prémdlus, -i (m.). 

Provertius, Propertius, -ii (m 


Jey Qi 


Prophthasia, Prophthasia, -« (f.). 

Propontis, Propontis, -idis (f.); of or be 
longing to the Propontis, Propontiacus, 
-a, -um. 

Proserpina, Proserpina, -@ (f.). 

Prosper, Prosper, -éri (m.). 

Prosymna, Prosymna, -@, and Prosymne, 
-e8 (f.). 

Protagéras, Protagéras, -# (m.); of or re 
lating to Protagoras, Protagdréus, -a, 
-um. 

Prote, Prote, -es (f.). 

Protenor, Proténor, -dris (m.). 

Protesilaus, Protesilius, -i(m.); of or relat- 
ing to Protesilaus, Protesilaéus, -a, -um. 

Proteus, Proteus, oos or -ei (m.). 

Prothdus, Préthous, -i (m.). 

Proto, Proto, -is (f.). 

Protodamas, Protddamas, -antis (m.). 

Protégénes, Protégénes, -is (m.). 

Provence, Provincia, -® (f.). 

Prozenus, Proxénus, -i (m.). 

Proximus, Proximus, -i (m.). 

Mere Prudentia, -&, and Providentia, 
-e (f.). 

Prudsne Prudens, -entis (m.). 

Prudentius, Prudentius, -ii (m.). 

Prusa, Prusa, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Prusa, Prusensis. -e. 

Prusias, Prusias, -e (m.), a man’s name; 
son of Prusias, Prusiades, -s (m.).—2. 
Prusias, -adis (f.), a city; of or belong- 
ing to Prusias, Prusiaicus, -a, -um. 

Prussia, Borussia, -@ (f.); Prussian, Bo- 
russicus, -a, -um. 

Prytanis, Prytanis, -is (m.). 

Psamathe, Psamathe, -es (f.). 

Psammathus, Psammathus, -untis (f.). 

Psammetichus, Psammétichus, -i (s.). 

Psecas, Psécas, -adis (f.). 

Pseudolus, Pseuddlus, -i (m.). 

Psile, Pile, -es (f.). 

Psiilis, the, Paiilis, -idis (m.). 

Psophis, Psdphis, -idis (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Psophis, Psophidius, -a, -um. 

Psyche, Psyche, -es (f.). 

Psylli, the, Psy'li, -orum (m.). 

Psylius, Psyllus, -i (m.). 

Psyitalia, Psyttalia, -w (f.). 

Pieleon, Pteleon or Pteleum, -i (x). 

Pterelas, Pterelas, - (m.). 

Ptolemaus, } Ptolémeus, -i (m.) ; of or re- 

Ptolemy, lating to Ptolemeus, Ptolé- 
mweeus, -a, -um; Ptolemaéius, -a, -um; 
and Ptolémaicus, -a, -um; daughter of 
Ptolemy, Ptolemais, -idis (f.). 

Ptolemais, Ptolémais, -idis (f.); of or be- 
pig led to Ptolemais, Ptolemensis, -e, 
and Ptolemf&idensis, -e. 

Ptolemy, v. Ptolemeus. 

Publia, Publia, - (f.). 

Publicius, Publicius, -ii (m.) , of or relat- 
ing to Publicius, Publicianus, -a, -um. 

Publicola, Publicéla, - (m.). 

Publilius, Publilius, ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Publilius, Publilius, -a, -um. 

Publius, Publius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Publius, Publianus, -a, -um. 

Puebla de los Angelos, Angelopolis Amer- 
icana (f.). 

Pugno, Pugno, -6nis (m.). 

Puichellus, Pulchellus, -i (m.) 

Pulcher, Pulcher, -chri (m.). 

Pulcheria, Pulchéria, -e (f.). 

Pulchra, Pulchra, -s (f.). 

Pullus, Pullus, -i (m.). 

Pulto, Pulto, -dnis (m.). 

Puilvillus, Pulvillus, -i (m.». 

Punic, Pinicus, -a, -um; v. Carthage. 

Pupienus, Pupiénus, -i (m.). 

Pupinia, i -®@ (f.). 

Pupius, Pupius, -ii (m.). 

Purpureo, Purpureo, -dnis (m.). 

Puteoli, Putedli, -orum (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Puteoli, Putedlainus, -a, -um. 

Pydna, Pydna, -s (f.); of or belonging to 
Pydna, Pydnaan, Pydneus, -a, -um. 

Pygela, Pygela, -e@ (f.). 

Pygmies, the, Pygmwi, -orum (m.) ; of or 
relating to the Pygmies, Pygméan, Pyg- 
meus, -8, -um. 





Pygmalion, Pygmiilion, -dnis (m.); of or | 


relating to Pygmalion, Pygmalidnéus, 


-a, -um, 
Pylades, Pylades, -~ and -is (m.); of or 
relating to Pylades, Pyladéus, -a, -um. 


Pyla, Pyle, -arum (f.); of or relating to | 


Pyle, Pylaicus, -a, -um. 
| Pylemenes, Pyleménes, -is (m.) ; of or re- 


aul 


| lating to Pylemenes, Pyleménius »8 
“um. 

Pylene, Pyléne, -es (/-). 

| Pylos, Pylos or Pylus, -i ( f., sometimes m.) 

of or belonging to Pylos, Pylian, Pylius 

-a, “um. 

Pyra, Pyra, -@ (f.). 

Pyracmon, Pyracmon, -dnis (m.) 

Pyre, Pyrew, -arum (/f.). 

Pyramus, Pyramus -1 (m.); of or relating 
to Pyramus, Pyrameus, -a, -um. 

Pyrenees, the, Pyrénwus Mons; Pyrénet 
Montes; and absol., Pyrénzus, -i (™.) ; 
of or belonging to the Pyrenéan Mount 
ains, Pyrenéan, Pyrénwus, -a, -um, 
Pyrénaicus, -a, -um. 

Pyrene, Pyréne, -es (f.). 

Pyreneus, Pyréneus, -eos ~ el (m.). 

Pyretus, Pyrétus, -i (m.). 

Pyrgi, Pyrgi, -orum (m.) ; of or belonging 
to Pyrgi, Pyrgensis, -e. 

Pyrgo, Pyrgo, -iis (f.). 

Pyrgotéles, Pyrgotéles, -is (m.). 

Pyrgus, Pyrgus, -i (m.). 

Pyriphlégéthon, Pyriphlégéthon, -ontis 
(m. 


5: 

Pyrnos, Pyrnos, -i (f.). 

Pyrnus, Pyrnus, -i (m.) 

Pyrodes, Pyrodes, -@ (m.). 

Pyrots, Pyréis, -entis (m.). 

Pyromachus, Pyromachus, -i (m.). 

Pyrrha, Pyrrha, -w, and Pyrrhe, -es (f.), 
@ woman ; of or relating to Pyrrha, Pyr- 
rheus, -a, -um.—2. a city; of Pyrrha, 
Pyrrhean, Pyrrheus,-a,-um; pecul. fem., 
Pyrrhias, -adis. 

Pyrrhia, Pyrrhia, -@ (f.). 

Pyrrhias, Pyrrhias, -# (m.). 

Pyrrho, Pyrrho, -Onis (m.); the followers 
of Pyrrho, Pyrrhonists, Pyrrhonii, rum 


(m.). 

Pyrrhus, Pyrrhus, -i (m.); son or descend 
ant of Pyrrhus, Pyrrhides, -@ (m.); in 
plural as an appellation of the Epirots. 

Pythagoras, Pythagoras, -& (m.); of or be 
longing to Pythagoras, Pythagorean, 
Pythagoréus, -a, -um, and Pythagoricus, 
-a, -um. 

Pytheas, Pytheas, -& (m.). 

Pythias, Pythias, -@ (m.), a man's name.— 
2. -Adis (f.), a woman’s name. 

Pythion, Pythion, -6nis (m.). 

Pythis, Pythis, -is (m.). 

Pythium, Pythium, -ii (z.). 

Pythius, Pythius, -ii (m.). 

Pytho, Bytho, -Onis (m.), a man’s name.— 
2. Pytho, -is (f.) = Delphi ; or be 
longing to Pytho, Pythian, Pythius, -a, 
-um, and td icus, -a, -um. 

Pythocles, Pythocles, -is (m.). 

Pythocritus, Pythocritus, -i (m.). 

Pythodicus, Pythodicus, -i (m.). 

Pythodorus, Pythddoérus, -i (m.). 

Python, Python, -6nis (m.). 

Pythopolis, Pythdpdlis -is (f.). 

Pyzites, Pyxites, - (m.). 


Q. 


Quadi, the, Quadi, -orum (m.). 

Quadratus, Quadratus, -i (m.). 

Quadrigarius, Quadrigirius, -ii (m, 

Quanero (Gulf of ), Flanaticus Sinus. 

Quariates, the, Quariates, -um (m.). 

Quarta, Quarta, -@ (/f.). 

Quartilla, Quartilla, - (f.). 

Quartus, Quartus, -i (m.). 

Quebec, Stendpdlis, -is (f.), Canadensis 
Lycdpdlis, -is (f-). 

Quedlindburg, Quedlinburgum, -i (n.). 

Queensborough, Regine Burgus, -i (m.). 

Queen’s County, Comitatus Reginilis 

Quercens, Quercens, -entis (m.). 

| Quesnoy, Quercétum, -i (7.). 

Quietus, Quiétus, -i (m.). 

Quinctilius, v. Quintilius. 

Quinta, Quinta, -# (f.). 

Quintia, Quintia, -e (f.). 

Quintilian, Quintilianus, -i (m.). 

Quintilius, Quintilius, -ii (s.) ; of or relas 
ing to Quintilius, Quintilianus, -a, -um 

Quintilla, Quintilla, -e (f.). 

| Quintillus, Quintillus, -i (m.). 

Quintin, Quintinus, -i (m.). 

Quintius, Quintius or Quinctius, -ii (m.) 
of or relating to Quintius, Quintian 

uintius, -a, -um, and Quintidnus. -a 

-um. 

| Quintus, Quintus, -i (m.). 











743 


RHA 


Quirinius, Quirinius, -ii (m.). 

Quirinus, Quirinus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Quirinus, Quirinus, -a, -um, and 
Quirinalis, -e. 

Quirites, Quirites, -um and -ium (m.). 

Quito, Fanum Sancti Francisci (”.). 

Quiza, Quiza, -~ (f.). 


Raab, Jaurinum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Raab, Jauriensis, -e. 

Raab, the, Arabo, -dnis (m.). 

Rabirius, Rabirius, -ii (m.). 

Rabocentus, Rabocentus, -i (m.). 

Rabonius, Rabonius, -ii (m.). 

Rabuleius, Rabuleius, -ii (m.). 

Rachel, Rachel, indecl. (f.) 

Rachias, Rachias, -# (m.). 

Racilia, Racilia, -w (f.). 

Racilius, Racilius, -ii (m.). 

Recius, Recius, -ii (m.). 

Ratia, v. Rhetia. 

Ragusa, Ragusa, -e (f.); Rhausium, 4i(n.). 

Rahab, Rahab, indecl. (f.). 

Rajoo, the, Sadus, -i (m.). 

Ralla, Ralla, -e (m.). 

Ralph, Radulphus, -i (m.). 

Rama, Rama, -«, and Rame, -es (f.). 

Rameses, Rameses, -s or -is (m.). 

Randal, Ranulphus, -i (m.). 

Raphael, Raphael, -élis (m.). 

Raphana, Raphana, -® ( f.). 

Raphia, Raphia, -@ (f.). 

Meee et -2 (f.); Augusta Ti- 

erii (f.). 

Raudian (Plain), the, Raudius Campus, 
and Raudii Campi (m.). 

Raunonia, Raundénia, -s (f.). 

Rauraci, the, Rauraci, -orum (m.). 

Ravenna, Ravenna, -® (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Rovenna, Ravennas, -ftis (adj.), 
and (late) Ravennatensis, -e. 

Ravi, the, Ravi, -orum (m.). 

Raymond, Raymundus, -i (m.). 

Reate, Reate, -is (n.); of or belonging to 
Reate, Reatinus, -a, -um. 

Rebecca, Rebecca, -w ( f.). 

Rebilius, Rebillus, -i (m.). 

Rebius, Rebius, -ii (m.). 

Receptus, Receptus, -i (m.). 

Rector, Rector, -6ris (m.). 

Red Sea, Sinus Arabicus (m.). 

Rediculus, Rédicilus, -i (m.). 

Redones, Rédones, -um (m.) ; of or belong 
tng to the Redones, Redonicus, -a, -um. 

Reggio, Rhegium, -ii (7.), q. Vv. 

Regilia, Regilla, -w (f.). 

Regillanus, Regillanus, -i (m.). 

Regillian, Regillianus, -i (m.). 

Regiilum, Regillum, -i (n.) 

Regillus, Regillus, -i (m.). 

Regina, Régina, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Regina, Reginensis, -e. 

Reginus, Reginus, -i (m.). 

Regulus, Regulus, -i (m.). 

Remens, the, Remens, -entis (#.). 

Remi, the, Remi, -orum (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Remi, Remensis, -e. 

Remigius, Remigius, -ii (m.). 

Remmius, Remmius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Remmius, Remmian, Remmius, 


-8, -um. 

Remulus, Rémilug, -i (m.). 

Remuria, Rémuria or Remoria, -@ ( f.). 

Remus, Rémus, -i (m.). 

René, Renatug, -i (m.). 

Rennes, Rhedénes, -um (m.). 

Repentinus, Repentinus, -i (m.). 

Retian (Alps), Retia (Alpes) (f-). 

Retovium, Retovium, -ii (n.); Retovian, 
Retovinus, -a, -um. 

Reuben, Reuben, indecl., and Reubenus, 
-i (m.). 

Reudigni, the, Reudigni, -orum (m.). 

Reynold, Reginaldus, -i (m.). 

Rha, the, Rha, indecl. (m.). 

Rhacotis, Rhacotis, -is (f.). 

Rhadamanthus, Rhidéimanthus, -i (m.). 

Rhadamistus, Rhadamistus, -i (m.). 

Rhatia, Rheetia or Retia, -~ (f:); of or 
belonging to Rhetia, Rhetian, Rheticus 
or Reeticus, -a, -um; and Retus, a, um; 
the Rhati, Rheti or Resti, -orum (m.). 

Rhameses, v. Rameses. 

Rhamnes, Rhamnes, -é6tis (m.). 

Rhamnus, Rhamnus, -untis (f.); of or be- 
longing to Rhamnus, Rhamnfsius, -a, 
-um ; pecul, fem., Rhamnisis, -idis. 

744 


ROC 


Rhamees, v. Rameses. 

Rhanis, Rhanis, -idis (f-). 

Rhascupolis, Rhascipdlis, -is (m.). 

Rhea, Rhea, - (f.). 

Rhebas, the, Rhebas, - (m.). 

Rhedénes, the, v. Redénes. 

Rhegium, Rhégium, -ii; and Rhégion, -ii 
(n.); of or belonging to Rhegium, Rhe- 
ginus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of Rhe- 
gziwm, Rhegienses, -ium (m.). 

Rheims, Remi, drum (m.); Durocorto- 
rum, -i (7.). 

Rhemetalces, Rhemetalces, -# (m.). 

Rhemi, v. Remi. 

Rhemnius, Rhemnius, -ii (m.). 

Rhene, Rhéné, -es (f.). 

Rhenus, v. Rhine. 

Rhesus, Rhésus, -i (m.). 

Rhetenor, Rhéténor, -dris (m.-). 

Rhetico (Mount), Rhetico, -onis (m.). 

Rhianus, Rhianus, -i (.). 

Rhidagus, the, Rhidagus, -i (m.). 

Rhine, the, Rhénus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Rhine, Rhenish, Rhénanus, -a, 
-um ; the dwellers on the Rhine, Rhéni, 
-orum (m.). 

Rhinocolura, Rhinocdlira or -corira, -®8 


(f): 

Tete Rhinthon, -6nis (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Rhinthon, Rhinthonicus, -a, -um. 

Rhion, v. Rhium. 

Rhipai (Mounts), Rhipezi or Rhiphei, 
-orum (m.), Montes; Rhipean, Rhips- 
us or Rhiphzus, -a, -um. 

Rhipe, Rhipe, -es (f.). 

Rhipeus, Rhipéus or Rhipheus, -eos and 
-el (m.). 

Rhiphai (Mounts), v. Rhipet. 

Rhium, Rhium or Rhion, -ii (n.). 

Rhizo, Rhizo, -dnis (f.); the inhabitants 
of Rhizo, Rhizonite, -arum (m.). 

Rhizus, Rhizus, -untis (m.). 

Rhoas, the, Rhoas, -& (m.). 

Rhoda, Rhoda, -m, or Rhode, -es (f.), a 
woman’s name.—2. @ city; of or belong- 
ing to Rhoda, Rhodensis, -e. 

Rhodanus, v. Rhone. 

Rhodé, v. Rhoda. 

Rhodes, v. Rhodus. 

ree Bhodoy -onis See 

e, Rhdddpe, -es (f.), @ mountain ; 
of or belonging to Rhodope, Rhodopéi- 
us and Rhéddpéus, -a, -um.—2. a wom- 

Rhodopie nda die (f. 

opis, Rhdddpis, -Idis (f.). 

Rhodus, ) Rhédus and Rhddos, -i (f-) ; of 

Rhodes, ; or belonging to Rhodes, Rho- 
dian, Rhodius, -a, -um; Rhodiacus, -a, 
um ; and Rhodiensis, -e. 

Rhodussa, Rhodussa, -s (f-). 

Rhebus, Rhosbus, -i (#.). 

Rhecus, Rhoscus, -i (m.). 

Rhatéum, Rhoetéum and Rhetion, -i (n.) ; 
of or belonging to Rheteum, Rhetean, 
Rhostéius and Rhostéus, -a, -um; and 
Rhoetiensis, -e. 

Rheteus, Rhosteus, -cos or -ei (m.). 

Rhetus, Rhostus, -i (m.). 

Rholus, Rholus, -i (2.). 

Rhone, the, Rhddanus, -i (m.), of or be- 
longing to the Rhone, Rhddanitis, -idis 
(fem. adj.). 

Rhosos, Rhosos, -i (f.); of or belonging 
to Rhosos, Rhosiicus, -a, -um, and 
Rhosius, a, um. 

Rhorolani, the, Rhoxolani or Roxoléni, 
-orum (m.). 

Rhudia, v. Rudie. 

Rhunca, Rhunca, -® (f.) 

Rhyndacus, the, Rhyndacus, -i (m.). 

Rhytium, Rhytium or Rhytion, -ii (n.). 

Richard, Ricardus, -i (m.). 

Ricimer, Ricimer, -éris (m.). 

Ricina, Ricina, -@ (f.); of or relating to 
Ricina, Ricinensis, -e, and Ricinianus, 


“8, -um. 

Riduna, Riduna, -® (f.). 

Rieti, Reate, -is (7.), q. V- 

Riga, Riga, -@ (f.). 

Rizgodulum, Rigodulum, -i (7.). 

Rimini, Ariminum, -i (7.), q. Vv. 

Ripai (Mountains), v. Rhipat. 

Ripon, Rigodunum, -i (7.). 

Robert, Robertus, -i (m.). 

Rochefort, Rupifortium, -ii (2.). 

Rochelle, Rupella, - (f:); New Rochelle, 
Rupella Nova. 

Rochester, Durobrive, -arum; Roffa, -s 
(f.); of Rochester, Roffensis, -e. 


RUT 


Roger, Rogerus, -i (m.). 

Romanus, Romanus, -i (m.). 

Rome, Roma, -@ (f.); af or belonging te 
Rome, Roman, Romanus, -a, -um ; wnus- 
ual, Romaniensis, -e, and Romanicus, 
-a, -um; the Romans, Romani, -orum 


(m.). he 
Romilius, Romilius, -ii (m.). 
* Romney, Romanum, -i (7.). 

Romula, Romila, -x (f.). 

Romulea, Romulea, -# (f.). 

Romulus, Romilus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
to Romulus, Romulian, Romilus, -a, 
-um; Romuliug, -a, -um; Romuleus, -a, 
-um; and Romularis, -e; son or de 
scendant of Romulus, Romiilides, -« 
(m.); in plural poet. for Romans. 

Romus, Romus, -i (m.). 

Rosamund, Rosamunda, -® ( f.). 

Roscius, Roscius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Roscius, Roscian, Roscius, -a, -um, 
and Roscianus, -a, -um. 

Rose, Rosa, -@ (f.). 

Rosetia, Bolbitine, -es (f.), of Rosetta, 
Bolbitinus, -a, -um. 

Rosse, Rossa, -® (f.). 

Rostock, Rostochium, -ii (n.), Bunitium, 
-li (m.). 

Rossello, Ruselle, -arum ( f.). 

Rotomagus, Rotomagus, -i (m.), and Ro 
tomagi, -orum (m.); of or belonging to 
Rotomagus, Rotomagensis, -e. 

Rotterdam, Roterodamum, -i (n.) 

Rotundus, Rotundus, -i (m.). 

Rouen, Rotomagus, -i (f:). 

Roussillon, Ruscino, -6nis (f.), q. v.; Ur- 
solis, -is (f.). 

Rowland, Rolandus, -i (m.). 

Rozane, Roxane or Rhoxane, -es (f.). 

Rozolani, the, v. Rhozolani. 

Rubeas, Rubeas, - (m.). 

Rubellius, Rubellius, -ii (m.). 

Rubi, aes -orum (m.) ; of or belong itt, 

Ruvo, to Rubi, Rubustinus, -a, -um. 

Rubicon, the, Rubicon, -6nis (m.). 

Rubria, Rubria, -@ (f.). 

Rubricus, Rubricus, -i (m.). 

Rubrius, Rubrius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Rubrius, Rubrian, Rubrius, -a, -um 
and Rubrianus, -a, -um. 

Rudia, Rudie, -arum (f.); of or belong 
ing to Rudia, Rudinus, -a, -um 

Rufa, Rufa, -e (f.). 

Rufilla, Rufilla, - (f.). 

Rufillus, Rufillus, -i (m.). 

Rufina, Rufina, -@ (f.). 

Rufinus, Rufinus or Ruffinus, -i (m.) 

Rufio, Rufio, -onis (m.). 

Rufius, Rufius, -ii (m.). 

Rufre, Rufres, -arum (f.); of or belong 

ng to Rufre, Rufraénus, -a, -um. 

Rufrenus, Rufrénus, -i (m.) 

Rufrium, Rufrium, -ii (.). 

Rufulus, Rufilus, -i (m.). 

Rufus, Rufus, -i (m.). 

Ruga, Ruga, -® (m.). 

Rugen, Rugia, -# (f.). 

Rugii, the, Rugii, -orum (m.). 

Rullianus, Rullianus, -i (m.). 

Rullus, Rullus, -i (m.). 

Rupert, Rupertus, -i (m.). 

Rupilia, Rupilia, -« (f-). 

Rupilius, Rupilius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Rupilius, Rupilian, Rupilius, -a, -um 

Rusarus, Rusarus, -i (f.). 

Rusca, Rusca, -# (f.). 

Ruscino, Ruscino, -6nis (f.). 

Ruscinus, the, Ruscinus, -i (%.) 

Ruscio, Ruscio, -dnis (m.). 

Ruscius, Ruscius, -ii (m.). 

Rusconia, Rusconiw, -arum (f.), of or 
belonging to Rusconia, Rusconiensis, -€. 

Rusella, ) Rusellew, -arum (f.); of or be 

Rosello, longing to Ruselle, Rusellé- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Ruso, Ruso, -6nis (m.). 

Ruspina, Ruspina, -® (f-). 

Russia, Russia, -e (f.); Sarmatia, - (f-), 
Europea; of or belonging to Russia 
Russicus, -&, -um. 

Russius, Russius, -ii (m.). 

Rusticelius, Rusticeliug, -ii (m.). 

Rusticus, Rusticus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Rusticus, Rusticianus, -a, -um 

Rusucurum, Rusucurum, i (n.). 

Ruteni, the, Ruteni, -drum (m.); of or be 
longing to the Rutent, Rutenian, Ruté 
nus, a, -um. 

Buth, Rutk indect. (f.). 





SAL 

Rutela, Rutila, -w (f.). 

Rutilia, Rutilia, -w (f.). 

Rutilius, Rutilius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Rutilius, Rutilianus, -a, -um. 

Rutilus, Rutilus, -i (m.). 

Rutuba, Rutiba, -# (m.). 

Rutubis, Rutubis, -is (f.) 

Rutuli, the, Rutili, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to the Rutuli, Rutilus, -a, -um. 

Rutupie, Ritapiew, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Rutupia, Ritipinus, -a, -um. 

Ruvo, Rubi, -orum (m.). 

Rye, Rium, -ii (7.). 


Saar, the, Sara, -#, and Saravus, -i (m.) ; 
of or belonging to the Saar, Saravicus, 
-a, “um. 

Saba, Sabw, -arum (f.); of or belonging 
to Saba, Sabseus, -a, -um. 

Sabaa, Sabwa, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Sabea, Sabaan, Sabe#us, -a, -um. 

Sabata, Sabata, -w, and Sabate, -es (f.); 
of or belonging to Sabata, Sabatinus, -a, 
-um. 

Sabazius, Sabazius, -ii (m.). 

Sabella, Sabella, -w (/.). 

Sabelii, the, Sabelli, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Sabelli, Sabellicus, -a, 
-um, and Sabellus, -a, -um. 

Sabellius, Sabellius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Sabellius, Sabellianus, -a, -um. 

Sabellus, Sabellus, -i (m.). 

Sabidius, Sabidius, -ii (m.). 

Sabina, Sabina, -@ (f.). 

Sabines, the, Sabini, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Sabines, Sabine, Sabinus, 
-a, -um. 

Sabinius, Sabinius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Sabinius, Sabiniaénus, -a, -um. 

Sabis, the, Sabis, -is (m.), v. Sambre. 

Sable, Sabolium, -ii (n.). 

Sabrata, Sabrata, -ae (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Sabrata, Sabratensis, -e. 

Sabrina, the, Sabrina, -# (m.). 

Sabus, Sabus, -i (m.). 

Saca, the, Sac, -arum (m.); in sing., Sa- 
ces, -@ (m.). 

Sacer, Sacer, -cri (m.). 

Sacerdos, Sacerdos, -otis (m.). 

Sacrani, the, Sacrani, -orum (m.) ; of or re- 
lating to the Sacrani, Sacranus, -a, -um. 

Sacrata, Sacrata, -ae (f.). 

Sacrovir, Sacrovir, -iri (m.); of or relating 
to ir, Sacrovirianus, -a, -um. 

Sacred (applied to places), Sacer, Sacra, 
Sacrum ; as, Sacred Mount, Sacer Mons 
(m.); Sacred Way, Sacra Via (f.); Sa 
cred Promontory, Sacrum Promontori- 
um (n.), &c. 

Sadales, Sadales or Sadala, -s (m.). 

Sadducees, the, Sadducwi, -orum (m.); of 
or relating to the Sadducees, Sadducer- 
us, -a, -um. 

Sepinum, Sepinum, -i (n.); the inhabit- 
ants of Septnum, Sepinates, -ium (m.). 

Satabis, Setabis. -is (f.); of or relating to 
Satabis, Setabus, -a, -um; the inhabit- 
ants of Satabis, Setabitani, -orum (m.). 

Safintus, Safinius, -ii (m.). 

Sagana, Sagana, -s (f.). 

Saganis. the, Saginis, -is, and Saganus, -i 
(m.,. 

Sagaris, the, Sagiris, -is (m.); of or relat- 
ing to the Sagaris, Sagéritis, -idis (fem. 
ad).). 

Sages, Sages, -e or -is (m.). 

Sagis, the, Sagis, -is (m.). 

Sagitta, Sagitta, - (m.). 

Sagra, the, Sagras, -w (m.). 

Saguntum, Saguntum, -i (n.); Saguntus 
or -tos, -i (f.); of or belonging to Sa- 
guntum, Saguntine, Saguntinus, -a, -um. 

Sshara (Desert of), Libyw Deserta, -orum 


(n.). 

Saint, v. St., in alphabetical order. 

Saintes, Mediolanum, -i (n.), Santénum; 
Santdnes, -um (m.). 

Sats, Sais, -is (f.); of or belonging to Sa- 
ts, Saiticus, -a, -um; pecul. masc., Sa- 
Ites, -2 ; the inhabitants of Sais, Saite, 
-arum (m.). 

Salacia, Salacia, -w (7.), a goddess.—2. a 
aty; of or belonging to Salacta, Salaci- 
ensis, -e. 

Salaco, Salaco, -dnis (m.). 

Salamanca, Salmantica, -w (f.) q. v. 

Salamis, Salamis, -Inis (f.); of or belong- 


SAM 


ing to Salamis, Salaminian, Salamini- 
us, -a, -um, and Salam{niacus, -a, -um. 

Salanus, Salanus, -i (m.). 

Salapia, Salapia, -w (f.); of or belongin, 
to Salapia, Salapinus, -a, -um, and Sal- 
apitanus, -a, -um. 

Salaria, Salaria, -w (f.), a city; of or be- 
longing to Salaria, Salariensis, -e.—2. 
(adj.) Salaria Via, the Salarian Way; 
of or relating to the Salarian Way, Sala- 
rianus, -a, -um. 

Salassi, the, Salassi, -orum (m.). 

Salassus, Salassus, -i (m.). 

Salathiel, Salathiel, -élis (m.). 

Salduba, Salduba, -@ C/.). 

Salee, Sala, -w (f.)- 

Saleius, Saleius, -ii (m.). 

Salentum, Salentum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Salentum, Salentine, Salentinus, 
-a, -um; the inhabitants of Salentum, 
Salentini (or Sallent.), -orum (m.). 

Salera, Salera, -@ (f.). 

Salerno, aay rele A (n.); of or be- 

Salernum, longing to Salernum, Saler- 
niténus, -a, -um, Gulf of Salerno, Pes- 
tanus Sinus. 

Salienus, Saliénus, -i (m.). 

Salii, the, Salii, -orum (m.); of or relating 
to the Salii, Saliiris, -e, and Salius, -a, 
-um. 

Salina, Saline, -arum (f.) 

Salinator, Salinator, -oris (m.). 

Salins, Salinw, -arum (/f.). 

Salisbury, Sarisburia, -~ (f.); of or be 
longing to Salisbury, Sarisburiensis, -e. 

Salius, Salius, -ti (ow) 

Sallust, Sallustius, -ii (m.), of or relating 
to Sallust, Sallustian, Sallustianus, -a, 


-um. 
Salyes, the, Salyes, -um, and Salyi, orum 


(m.). 
Salmacis, Salmicis, -idis (f.). 
Salmani, the, Salmani, -orum (m.). 
Salmantica, Salmantica, -® (f.); of or be 
longing to Salmantica, Salmanticensis, 


-e. 

Salmon, Salmon, -énis (f.), a city.—2. (m.) 
@ Man's name. 

Salmone, Salmone, -es (f.). 

Salmoneus, Salménéus, -€0s or -ei (™.); 
daughter of Salmoneus, Salménis, -idis 


(f). 

Salo, the, Salo, -6nis (m.). 

Salome, Salome, -es (f.). 

Salomon, Salomon, -dnis (m.), of or relat- 
ing to Salomon or Solomon, Saloménia- 
cus, -a, -um, and Salom6nius, -a, -um. 

Salona, Salona, -®, and Salone, -arum 
(f.);. of or belonging to Salona, Salé- 
nensis, -e, and Saloninus, -a, -um.—2. 
(in Livadia), Amphissa, - (f.), q. V-; 
Gulf of Salona, Crisseus Sinus. 

Salonichi, Thessalonica, - (f.), q. V.; 
Gulf of Salonichi, Thermeus Sinus. 

Salonina, Salonina, - (f.). 

Saloninus, Saloninus, -i (m.). 

Salonius, Salonius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Salonius, Salonianus, -a, -um. 

Salpe, Salpe, -es (f.). 

Salpesa, Salpesa, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Salpesa, Salpesanus, -a, -um. 

Salpis, Salpis, -is (f.); of or belonging to 
Salpis, Salpinus, -a, -um, and Salpinas, 
-atis (adj.). 

Salus, Salus, -Otis (f). 

Salutio, Salitio, -dnis (m.). 

Salvia, Salvia, -e (f.). 

Salvianus, Salvianus -i is). 

Salvidienus, Salvidiénus, -i (m.). 

Salvius, Salvius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Salvius, Salvianus, -a, -um. 

Salzburg, Salisburgum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Salzburg, Salisburgensis, -e. 

Samarcand, Maracanda, -orum (n.). 

Samaria, Samaria, -s (f.); the inhabitants 
of Samaria, the Samaritans, Simarite, 
-arum, and Samarit&ni, -oruna (m.); of 
or belonging to Samaria, Si m, Sa- 
maréus, -a, -um; Samaritanus, -a, -um ; 
and Samariticus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., 
Samaritis, -idis. 

Samarobriva, Samardbriva, -s (f.). 

Sambre, the, Sabis, -is (m.); of or relating 
to the Sambre, Sambricus, -a, -um (late). 

Same, Same, -es (f.); the inhabitants of 
Same, Samei, -orum (m.). 

Samiarius, Samiarius, -ii (m.). 

Sammonicus, Samménicus, -i (™.). 

Sammonium, Sammé6nium, -ii (”.). 


a a 





SAT 

Samnites, the, Samnites, -um and -ium 
(m.), in sing., Samnis, -itis ; of or belong 
ing to the Samnites, Samnite, Samnits 
cus, -a, -um. 

Samnium, Samnium, -ii (n.); the Samnites 
v. foregoing. 

Samos, Samos or Samus, -{ ( f.); of or be 
longing to Samos, Samian, Samius, -a. 
-um. 

Samosata, Samosata, -oram (.), and Sa 
mosata, -# (f.); of or beionging to Se 
mosata, Samosatensis, -e. 

Samothrace, ) Samothraca, -e#, Samothra 

Samothrakt, ; cia, -#, and Samothrace, 
-es (f.); of or belonging to Samothrace, 
Samoshracénus, -a, -um; Samothract 
cus, -a, -um; and Samothracius, -a, -um 

Sampso, Sampso, -ts or -dnis (/-). 

Samson, Samson, indecl., and Samson 
-Snis (m.). 

Samsoun, Amisus, -i (f.), q. ¥- 

Samuel, Samuel, -élis (m.). 

Sancia, Sancia, -# (f.). 

Sanctio, Sanctio, -dnis (f.). 

Sanctus, Sanctus, -i (m.). 

Sancus, Sancus, -i (m.). 

Sanda, the, Sanda, -@ (m.). 

Sandarion, Sandarion, -dnis (m.). 

Sandwich, Sabulovicum, -i (n.). 

Sanga, Sanga, -# (m.). 

Sangarius, the, Sangarius, -ii (m.); of o» 
belonging to the Sangarius, Sangarius, 
-A, -um. 

Sanni, the, Sanni, -orum (m.). 

Sannio, Sannio, -dnis (m.). 

Sanquinius, Sanquinius, -ii (m.). 

Santones, the, Santénes, -um, and Santént, 
-orum (m.); of or relating to the Sante- 
nes, Santdnicus, -a, -um. 

Saone, the Arar, -iris (m.). 

Sapei, the, Sapei, -orum (m.) 

Sapandus, Sapandus, -i (m.). 

Sapharus, Sapharus, -i (m.). 

Saphon, Caplin -dnis (f.). 

Sapis, the, Sapis, -is (m.). 

Sapor, Sapor, -dris (m.). 

Sapphira, Sapphira, -@ (f-). 

Sappho, Sappho, -ds (f.); of or relattng to 
Sappho, Sapphic, Sapphicus, -a, -um. 

Sarabat, the, Hermus, -i (m.). 

Saracens, the, Sarracéni, -orum (m.) 

Saragossa, Cesaraugusta, -@ (/.)- 

Sarah, Sara, -@ (f.). 

Sarange, the, Sarange, -arum (m.) 

Sardanapalus, Sardénépalus, -i (m.); a 
or belonging to Sardanapalus, Sarda- 
napAalicus, -a, -um. 

Sardes, v. Sardis. 

Sardinia, Sardinia, -e (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Sardinia, Sardinian, Sardous, -a, 
-um; Sardus, -a, -um; and Sardinia- 
nus, -A, -um ; Sardiniensis, -e, and Sar- 
dénius, -a, -um. 

Sardis, Sardes or Sardis, -ium (f.); of or 
belonging to Sardis, Sardius, -a, -um, 
and Sardianus, -a, -um; the inhabitants 
of Sardis, Sardiani, -orum (m.). 

Sardones, the, Sarddnes, -um (m.). 

Sare, Sare, -es (f). 

Sarepta, Sairepta and Sarephta, - (f.) ; 
of or belonging to Sarepta, Sarepténus, 
-a, -um. 

Sariolenus, Sariolénus, -i (™.). 

Sarmatia, Sarmatia, -w (f.); the Sarma 
tians, Sarmate, -arum (m.); of or be 
longing to Sarmatia, Sarmaticus, -a, 
-um ; pecul. fem., Sarmatis, -idis. 

Sarmentus, S».\nentus, -i (m.). 

Sarno, be urnus, -i (m.). 

Saronte (Guif), Saronicus Sinus (m.); 
Saronic, Sarénicus, -a, -am 
fem., Sarénis, -idis. 

Sarpedon, the, Sarpédon, -dnis (m 

Sarrastes, the, Sarrastes, -um (m.). : 

Sarsina, Sareina, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Sarsina, Sarsinas, -Atis (adj.). 

Sart, v. Sardis. 

Sarus, the, Sarus, -i (m.).—2 (m.) a men's 
name. 

Saseno, Sason, -onis (f.). 

Sassai, the, Sassi, -orum (m.). 

Sassia, Sassia, -@ (/.)- 

Sassula, Sassila, -@ (f.). 

Satellius, Satellius, -ii (m.). 


| Saticila, Saticila, - (f); of or belonging 


to Saticula, Saticulanus, -a, -um. 


| Satrapene, Satrapéne, -es, ( TD. 
| Satriano, Satrianum, -i (7.). 


745 


8Cl 


Satricum, Satricum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
tng to Satricum, Satrivanus, -a, -um. 

Satricus, Satricus, -i (m.). 

Satrius, Satrius, -ii (m.). 

Saturetum, Satureium, -ii (n.); of or be- 
longing to Satureium, Satureianus, -a, 
-um. 

Saturius, Satirius, -ii (m.). 

Saturn, Saturnus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Saturn, Saturnius, -a, -um. 

Saturnia, Saturnia, -w (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Saturnia, Saturninus, -a, -um. 

Satur~inus, Saturninus, -i (m.). 

paced us, V. Saturn. 

‘atyrus, Satyrus, -i (m.). 

Saufeia, Sauteia - (f.). 

Sauferns, Saufeius, -ii (m.). 

Saufeitus, Saufellus, -i (m.). 

Saul, Saul, indecl., and Saul, -hlis (m.). 

Sauromate, the, Saurémate, -arum (m.) ; 
of the Sauromate, Sauromatian, Sauro- 
Mates, -# (m.), Sauromatis, -idis (/.). 

Savé, Save, -es ( f.).—2. the Save, v. Savus. 

Saverrio, Saverrio, -onis (m.). 

Savo, the, Savo, -dnis (m.). 

Savone, Savo, -dnis (f.). 

Savoy, Sabaudia, -z (f-). 

Savus, the, Savus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to the Savus, Savensis, -e. 

Saza, Saxa, -® (m.). 

Saxons, the, Sax6nes, -um (m.); in sing., 
Saxo, -dnis; the country of the Saxons, 
Saxony, Saxodnia, -e (f.); Sazon, Sax- 
Onicus, -a, -um. 

Scean (Gate), the, Scxa Porta, and Screws 
Portes (f.). 

Sceva, Sceva, -@ (m.). 

Scevinus, Scwvinus, -i (m.). 

Scevola, Scwvola, -s (m.). 

Scala, Scale, -arum (f.). 

Scalabis, Scalabis, -is (f.); of or belong- 
tng to Scalabis, Scalabitanus, -a, -um. 

Scaldis, the, Scaldis, -is (m.). 

Scamander, the, Scamander, -dri (m.) ; of 
or belonging to the Scamander, Scaman- 
drius, -a. -um. 

Scammos. Scammos, -i (f.). 

Scandiiiiis, Scandilius, -ii (m.). 

Scandinunia, Scandia, -w, and Scandina- 
via, -® f.). 

Scanténius, Scantinius, -ii (m.); of or re 
lating to Scantinius, Scantinius, -a,-um. 

Scantius, Scantius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Scantius, Scantianus, -a, -um. 

Scaptia, Scaptia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Scaptia, Scaptian, Scaptius, -a, -um ; 
of or belonging to the Scaptian tribe, 
Scaptiensis, -e. 

Scaptius, Scaptius, -ii (m.). 

Scapula, Scapula, -~ (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Scapula, Scapulanus, -a, -um. 

Scarpanto, Carpathus, -i (f.), q. v 

Scarphéa, Scarphéa, -s (/f.). 

Scarpona, Scarpona, -® (/f.). 

Scaurinus, Scaurinus, -i (m.). 

Scaurus, Scaurus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
Scaurus, Scaurian, Scaurianus, -a, -um. 

Scenita, the, Scenitew, -arum (m.). 

Scepsis, Scepsis, -is (f.); of or belonging 
to Scepsis, Scepsian, Scepsius, -a, -um. 
Scepsius, Scepsius, -ii (m.); of or relating 

to Scepsius, Scepsianus, -a, -um. 

Scerdiledus, Scerdilesdus, -i (m.). 

Schaffhausen, Scaphusia, -@ (f.). 

Scheldt, the, Scaldis, -is (m.), q. v. 

Schera, Schera, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Schera, Scherinus, -a, -um. 

Schinussa, Schinussa, -e (f.). 

Schleswig, Heideba, -@ (f.). 

Schénbrunn, Fons Bellus (m.). 

Schenos, Schosnos, -i (f.). 

Schenus, Schoonus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
to Schenus, Schosneius, -a, -um ; dawgh- 
ter of Schenus, Schosnéis and Schosnis, 
dis (f.). 

Sviathus, Sciathus or Sciathos, -i ( i): 

Seilldy Scillwum, -i (7). 

Scilly Islands, Cassiterides, -um (f), In- 
sale 

&cio, Chios, -li (f-), q. v. 

Scione, Scione, -es (f.). 

Scipio, Scipio, -onis (m.); poet. (in form 
patr.) Scipiades, -s (m.); of or relating 
to Scipio, Scipidnius, -a, -um. 

Sciron, Sciron, -6nis (m.); 4 or belong- 
tng to Sciron, Scironian, Scir6n'us, -a, 
-um ; pecul. fem., Scirdnis. -idis. 

Scissis, Scissis, -is (f). 

Sclavini, yccene. 

74 


SEG 


Sclavonia, v. Slavonia. 

Scodra, Scodra, -@ (f.); af or belonging 
to Scodra, Scodrensis, -e. 

Scopas, Scopas, -e (m.). 

Scope, Scope, -es (f.). 

Scopinas, Scopinas, - (m.). 

Scopius, Scopius, -ii (m.). 

Scordisci, the, Scordisci, -orum (m.). 

Scordus (Mount), Scordus, -i (m.). 

Scotland, Scotia, -w (f.) ; of or relating to 
Scotland, Scottish, Scoticus, -a, -um ; the 
Scots or Scotch, Scoti, -orum (m.). 

Scotussa, Scotussa, -w (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Scotussa, Scotusszus, -a, -um. 

Scribonia, Scribonia, - (f.). 

Scribonian, Scribonianus, -i (m.). 

Scribonius, Scribonius, -ii (m.); of or re- 
lating to Scribonius, Scribonianus, -a, 
-um. 

Scrofa, Scrofa, -s (m.). 

Scultenna, the, Scultenna, -s (m.). 

Scutari, Chrysopolis, -is (f-). 

Scydrothemis, Scydrothemis, -is (m.). 

Scylace, Scylace, -es (f.) 

Scylaceum, Scylacéum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Scylaceum, Scylacéius, -a, 
-um ; Scylacéus, -a, -um; and Scylaci- 
Dus, -a, -umM. 

Scylaz, Sc¥lax, -&cis (m.). 

Scylla, Scylla, -w (f.); of or relating to 
Scylla, Scyllezus, -a, -um, 

Scylleum, Scylleum, -i (n.). 

Scyllis, Scyllis, -is (m.). 

Scymnus, Scymnus, -i (m.). 

Scyron, Scyron, -dnis (m.). 

Scyros, Scyros or Scyrus, -i (f.); of or be- 
longing to Scyros, Scyrian, Scyrius, -a, 
-um, and Scyréticus, -a, -um; pecul. 
fem., Scyrias, -adis, and Scyréis, -idis. 

Scytala, Scytala, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Scytala, Scytalicus, -a, -um. 

Scythia, Scythia, -« (f.); of or belonging 
to Scythia, Scythian, Scythicus, -a, -um ; 
pecul. fem., Scythis, -idis ; the Scythians, 
Scyths, -arum (m.), a Scythian, Scythes, 
- (m.), Scythissa, - (f.). 

Scythopolis, Scythdpdlis, -is (f:); the in- 
habitants of Scythopolis, Scythopolite, 
-arum (m.). 

Sebaste, Sebaste, -es (f.); of or belonging 
to Sebaste, Sebasténus, -a, -um. 

Sebastia, Sebastia, - (f.). 

Sebastian, Sebastianus, -i (m.). 

Sebastopolis, Sebastépilis, -is (f-). 

Sebennytic, Sebennyticus, -a,-um; the Se- 
bennytic mouth (of the Nile), Sebennyti- 
cum Ostium. 

Sebethus, the, Sébéthus -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
ing to the Sebethus, Sebethis, -Idis (fem. 
adj.). 

Saetnns, Sébinus, -i (m.), Lacus. 

Sebosus, Sébosus, -i (m.). 

Secchio, the, Gabellus, -i (m.). 

Seckau, Secovium, -ii (7.). 

Secundilla, Secundilla, -w (f.). 

Secundinus, Secundinus, -i (m.). 

Secundus, Secundus, -i (m.). 

Sedecias, Sedecias, -w (m.). 

Sedigitus, Sedigitus, -i (m.). 

Sedochezi, the, Sedochezi, -orum (m.). 

Sedulius, Sediilius, -ii (m.). 

Sedunum, Sedunum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Sedunum, Sedini, -orum (m.). 

Sedusii, the, Sedusii, -orum (m.). 

Segeda, Segeda, -# (f.). 

Segedin, Segedunum, -i (n.). 

Segedunum, i Segodunum, -i (n.), or Se- 

Segodunum, } gedunum. 

Segesta, Segesta, -w, or Segeste, -es (f.); 
of or belonging to Segesta, Segestanus, 
-a, -um, and Segestensis, -e. 

Segestes, Segestes, -s (m.). 

Segestica, Segestica, -# (f.). 

Segida, Segida, -s (f.). 

Segimerus, Segimerus, -i (m.). 

Segimund, Segimundus, -i (m.). 

Segisama, Segisama, -e, and Segisamo, 
-onis (f.); of or belonging to Segisama, 
Segisamonensis, -e. 

Segni, the, Segni, -orum (m.). 

Segobriga, Segobriga, - (f.); of or be- 
longing to Segobriga, Segobrigensis, -e. 

Segonaz, Segonax, -actis (m.). 

Segontia, Segontia or Seguntia, -w (/f.); 
of or belonging to Segontia, Segontinus, 


-8, -um. 

Segontiaci, the, Segontiaci, -orum (s.). 
Segontium, Segontium, -ii (#.). 
Segorbe, Segobriga, - (f.). 








SEP 


Segovellauni, the, Segovellauni, -orum 
(m.). 

Segovia, Segovia, -w (f.). 

Segre, the, Sicoris, -is (m.). 

Segulius, Segulius, -ii (m.). 

Segusiani, the, Segisiani. -orum (m.). 

Segusio, Segusio, -onis (f.). 

Segusium, Segusium, -ii (n.); of or belong 
ing to Segusium, Segusiensis, -e. 

Seta, Seia, -w (f.). 

Seine, the, Séquana, -@ (f.). 

Setssel, Sesselium, -ii (7.). 

Seius, Seius, -ii (m.); of or relating to Set 
us, Seifinus, -a, -um. 

Sganus, Sejanus, -i (m.) ; of or relating w 
Sejanus, Sejanianus, -a, -um. 

Selachusa, Selachusa, -@ (f.). 

Selambina, Selambina, -@ (/f.). 

Sele, the, Silarus, -i (m.). 

Selena, Seléne, -es (f.). 

Seleucia, Séleucia, -w (f.); of or belong: 
ing to Seleucia, Seleuciensis, -e: Seleu- 
cianus, -a, -um; and (late) Seleucénus, 
-a, -um; pecul. fem., Seleucis, -idis. 

Seleucis, Seleucis, -idis (f.), v. the fore 
going. 

Seleucus, Seleucus, -i (m.). 

Selge, Selge, -es (f.); of or belonging te 
Selge, Selgiticus, -a, -um. 

Selicza, Selicia, -# (f.). 

Selicius, Selicius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating te 
Selicius, Selicianus, -a, -um. 

Selimbria, the, Penéus, -i (m.). 

Selinus, Selinus, -untis (f.); of or b 
ing to Selinus, Selinisius, -a, -um; 
inhabitants of Selinus, Selinuntii, -orum 


(m.). 

Selivria, Selymbria, -w (f.), q. v. 

Sellasia, Sellasia, -w (f.). 

Selle, Selle, -es (f.). 

Selii, the, Selli, -orum (sm.). 

Sellium, Sellium, -ii (n.). 

Sellius, Sellius, -ii (m.). 

Selsey, Seolesia, -s (f.). 

Selymbria, Selymbria, -® (f.); of or ve 
longing to Selymbria, Selymbrianus, -a, 
-um. 


Sem or Shem, Sem, indecl. (m.). 

Semele, Séméle, -es, and Seméla, -@ (f.) 
of or relating to Semele, Seméléius, -a, 
um, and Semeléus, -a, -um. 

Semiramis, Semiramis, -is and -idis (f-), 


of or relating to Semiramis, Semirami- | 


us, -8, -um. 

Semnones, the, Semnénes, -um (m.). 

Semo, Sémo, -6nis (m.). 

Sempronia, Sempronia, -s (f.). 

Sempronius, Sempronius, -ii (m.); of or re- 
lating to Sempronius, Sempronian, Sem- 
pronius, -a, -um, and Sempronianus, -a, 
-um. 

Sena, Sena,--w (f.); of or belonging to 

Senanus, -a, -um, and Senensig, -e. 

Senaar, v. Sennaar. 

Seneca, Seneca, -s (m.). 

Senegal, the, Daradus, -i (m.). 

Senta, Senia, -e (f.); of or belonging to 
Senia, Seniensis, -e. 


Seni artic, Sena, -w (f.), Gallica; Seno- 
gall, 


ia, -« (f.), q. v. 

Sennaar, Sirbitum, -i (”.). 

Sennacherib, Sennacherib, tndecl. (s.). 

Senogallia, Senogallia, -e (f.), of or be 
longing to Senogallia, Senogalliensis, -e. 

Sennones, the, Senndnes, -um (m.) ; of or 
belonging to the Sennones, Sennonicus, 
“a, -um; the country of the Sennones, 
Sennonia, -« (f.). 

Sens, Agendicum, -i (n.); Sendnes, -um 
(m.). 

oie. Sentinum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Sentinum, Sentinas, -atis (adj.). 

Sentinus, Sentinus, -i (m.). 

Sentius, Sentius, -ii (m.). 

Sepias, Sepias, -adis (f.). 

Sepiussa, Sepiussa, - (f.). 

Seplasia, Seplasia, -~ (f.), and Seplasia, 
-orum (n.). 

Seppius, Seppius, -ii (m.). 

Septa, Septa, -orum (n.). 

Septictus, Septicius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Septicius, Septicianus, -a, -um. 

Septimania, Septimania, -® (f.). 

Septtmia, Septimia, - (f.). 

Septiminus, Septiminus, -i (m.). 

Septimius, Septimius, -ii (m.). 

Septimuncia, Septimuncia, -» (f.); of or 
belonging to Septimuncia, Septimunct 
ensis, -e. 





sH KH 
Septimus, -i (m.). 

Sequana, v. Seine. 

Sequani, the, Sequani, -orum (m.); of or 
relating to the Sequani, Sequénicus, -a, 
-um, and Sequanus, -a, -um. 

Serachi, the, Serachi, -orum (m.). 

Serapion, Serapion, -6nis (m.). ; 

Serapis, Ser&pis, -is and -idis (m.); of or 
relating to Serapis, Serapicus, -a, -um. 

Serbi, the, Serbi, -orum (m.). 

Serbonis (Lake), Serbonis, -idis ( f.). 

Serchio, the, Esar, -airis (m.), q. Y- 

Serdica, Serdica, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Serdica, Serdicensis, -e, and Serdicé- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Serena, Seréna, -# (/f.). 

Serenianus, Serenianus, -i (m.). 

Serenus, Serénus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Serenus, Serénianus, -a, -um. 

Seres, the, Seres, -um (m.); in sing., Ser, 
ris; of or relating to the Seres, Séri- 
cus, -&, -um. 

Serestus, Serestus, -i (m.). 

Sergestus, Sergestus, -i (m.). 

Sergia, Sergia, -@ (f.). 

Sergiolus, Sergidlus, -i (m.). 

Sergius, Sergius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Sergius, Sergian, Sergius, -a, -um. 

Seria, Seria, -e (f.). 

Seringapatam, Brachme, -es (f.). 

Seriphus, Seriphus or Seriphos, -i(f-), of 
or belonging to Seriphus, Seriphius, -a, 


-um. 

Serippo, Serippo, -onis (f.). 

Serphant, Sarepta, -# (f.). 

Serphanto, Seriphus, -i (f.), q.- v- 

Serranus, Serranus, -i (.). 

Serretes, the, Serrétes, -um (m.). 

Serri, the, Serri, -orum (m.). 

Serrium, Serrium, -ii (n.). 

Sertoria, Sertoria, -® (f.). 

Sertorius, Sertorius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Sertorius, Sertorianus, -a, -um. 

Serveus, Serveus, -i (m.). 

Servia, Servia, -e2 Gi Moesia Superior. 

Servian, Servianus, -i (m.). 

Servilia, Servilia, - (f). 

Servilius, Servilius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Servilius, Servilian, Servilius, -a, -um, 
and Servilianus, -a, -um. 

Servius, Servius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Servius, Servianus, -a, -um. 

Sesamum, Sesimum, -i (7.). 

Sesanrum, Sesanium, -ii (n.). 

Séséos7s = Sesostris. 

Sesostris, Sésostris, -is, also Sesdésis, -is 


(m.). 

Sessa, Suessa, - (f.). 

Sessia, Sessia, - (f.). 

Sestinum, Sestinum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Sestinum, Sestinas, -atis (adj.). 

Sestius, Sestius, -ii (m.). 

Sesto, Sextium, -ii (n.). 

Sestos, Sestos, -i (f.); of or belonging to 
Sestos, Sestiacus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., 
Sestis, -idis, and Sestias, -adis. 

Setabis, vy. Setabis. 

Seth, Seth, indecl. (m.); of or relating to 
Seth, Séthianus, -a, -um. 

Setia, Sétia, -e (f.); of vr relating to Se- 
tia, Sétinus, -a, -um. 

Setius (Mount), Sétius, -ii (m.), Mons; of 
or belonging to Mount Setius, Sétianus, 
-a, -um. 

Seuthes, Seuthes, -# (m.). 

Seuthusa, Seuthusa, -@ (f.). 

Severa, Sevéra, - (f.). 

Severian, Severianus, -i (m.). 

Severinus, Severinus, -i (m.). 

Severn, the, Sabrina, -t (m.). 

Severus, Sevérus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Severus, Severianus, -a, -um. 

Seville, Hispalis, -is (f-), q. ¥- 

Sevinus, Sevinus, -i (m.). 

Sevo (Mount), Sevo, -dnis (m.). 

Seztia, Sextia, -w (/.). 

Seztilia, Sextilia, -e (f-). 

Sextilius, Sextilius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Sertilius, Sextilianus, -a, -um. 

Sextillus, Sextillus, -i (m.). 

Sextius, Sextius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Sertius, Sextius, -a, -um, and Sextia- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Sextus, Sextus, -i (m.). 

Shadrach, Shadrach, indecl. (m.). 

Shannon, the, Juernus, -i (m.). 

Shippey, Toliapis, -is (f.). 

Shrewsbury, Salopia, -« (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Shrewsbury, Salopiensis -e 


SIM 


Shetland (Isvands), the, mode, -arum 
(f.), Insule. 

Siambis, Siambis, -is (f.). 

Sibde, Sibde, -es (f.). 

Siberia, Siberia, -e (f.). 

Sibuzates, the, Sibuzates, -iam (m-.). 

Sibyll, Sibylla, -w (f-). 

Sica, Sica, -# (m.). 

Sicambri, the, Sicambri, -orum (m.); of or 

lating to the Sicambri, Sicamber, -bra, 
-brum. 

Sicambria, Sicambria, -# (/.). 

Sicani, the, Sicani, -orum (m.); of or relat- 
ing to the Sicani, Sicanius, -a, -um, and 
Sic&nus, -a, -um (poet. for Sicilian). 

Sicca, Sicca, -w (f.); of or relating to Sic- 
ca, Siccensis, -e. 

Siccius, Siccius, -ii (m.). 

Sichaus, Sicheus, -i (m.). 

Sichem, Sichem, indecl. (m.), a man’s name. 
—2. (f.) a city. 

Sicily, Sicilia, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Sicily, Sicilian, Sictlus, -a, -um, and 
Siciliensia, -e; pecul. fem., Sicélia, -Idis ; 
the Sicilians, Sicili, -orum (m.). 

Sicinius, Sicinius, -ii (m.). 

Sicinus, Sicinus, -i (f.). 

Sicoris, the, Sicdris -is (m.). 

Siculi, the, Siciili, -orum (m), v. Sictly. 

Siculus, Siciilus, -i (m.). 

Sicyon, Sic¥on, -6nis (f.); of or belongiag 
to Sicyon, Sicyonian, Sicy6nius, -8, -um. 

Side, Sida, -w, and Side, -es (f.);_of or be 
longing to Side, Sidensis, -e; the inhab- 
itants of Side, Sidete, -arum (m.). 

Sidicinum, Sidicinum, -i (n.); of or be 
longing to Sidicinum, Sidicinus, -8, -um. 

Sidon, Sidon, -dnis (f.), a city; of or be- 
longing to Sidon, Sidonian, Siddnius, 
-a, -um; pecul. fem., Siddnis, -idis.—2. 
(m.) a man’s name. 

Sidonius, Sidonius, -ii (m.). 

Sidra (Gulf of), Syrtis, -is (f), Major. 

Sidus, Sidus, -untis (f.). 

Sidusa, Sidusa, -@ (f.). 

Sienna, Sena, - (f.). 

Sifanto, Siphnus, -i (f-), q- ¥- 

Stga, Siga, -e (f.); of or belonging to %- 
ga, Sigensis, -e. 

Sigambri, the, vy. Sicambri. 

Sigeum, Sigéum and Sigéon, -i (n.); of or 
belonging to Sigeum, Sigéus, -a, -um, 
and Sigéius, -a, -um. 

Sigida, Sigida, -w (m.). 

Sigipedes, the, Sigipedes, -um (m.). 

Signia, Signia, -e (f.); of or belonging to 
Signia, Signinus, -a, -um. 

Signias (Mount), Signias, -e (m.). 

Sigovesus, Sigovesus, -i (m.). 

Sila, Sila, -w2 (f.); of or relating to Sila, 
Silanus, -a, -um. 

Silana, Silana, -# (f). 

Silanio, Silanio, -onis (m.). 

Silanus, Silanus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
Silanus, Silanius, -a, -am. 

Silarus, the, Silarus, -i (m.). 

Silas, Silas, -w (m.). 

Silbium, Silbium, -ii (n.); of or belonging 
to Silbium, Silbianus, -a, -um 

Silent, the, Siléni, -orum (m.). 

Silenus, Silénus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Silenus, Silénicius, -8, -um. 

Silesia, Silesia, -# (f.). 

Stleum, Siléum, -i (7.). 

Silici, the, Silici, -orum (m.). 

Silius, Silius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to Sil 
tus, Silian, Silius, -a, -um, and Silianus, 
-a, -um. 

Silo, Silo, -onis (m.), a man’s name.—2. 
(f.) a city. 

Siloa, Siloa, -w, and Siloe, indecl. ( f.) ; of 
or belonging to Siloa, Silous, -a, -um. 

Silpia, Silpia, -~ (f-). 

Silures, the, Silures, -um (m.). 

Silus, Silus, -i (m.). 

Silvanus, Silvanus, -i (m.). 

Silvester, Silvester, -tris (m.). 

Silvi, the, Silvi, -orum (m.). 

Silvia, Silvia, - (f-). 

Silvinus, Silvinug, -i (m.). 

Silvius, Silvius, -ii (m.). 

Simathus, v. Symathus. 

Simalio, Simalio, -6nis (m.). 

Simbruvium, Simbruvium, -ii (n.); of or 
belonging to Simbruvium, Simbruvinus 
(or Simornuinus), -a, -um. 

Simeon, Simeon, -dnis (m.). 

Simittu, Simittu, indecl. (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Simittu, Simittuensis. -e. 


SLA 


Simmias, Simmias, -# (m.); of or relazeng 
to Simmias, Simmiéus, -a, -um. 

Simo, Simo, -dnis (m.). 

Simots, the, Simdis, -entis or -entos (m.). 

Simon, Simon, -nis (m.); of or relating te 
Simon, Simonianus, -a, -um. 

Simonides, Simdnides, - (m.); of or relat 
ing to Simonides, SimOnidéus, -@ -unL 

Simplez, Simplex, -icis (m.). 

Simulans, Simulans, -antis (m.). 

Simulus, Similus, -i (.). 

Simus, Simus, -i (m.). 

Simyra, Simyra, -# (f.). 

Sinda, Sinda, -#, and Sindos, -i (f.); of 
or belonging to Sinda, Sindicus, -a, -um, 
and Sindensis. -e. 

Sindes, Sindes, +2 or -is (m.). 

Sindi, the, Sindi, -orum (m.). 

Singara, Singara, -orum (n.), of or ve 
longing to Singara, Singarénus, -@,-um. 

Singidunum, Singidunum, -i (n.); of oF 
belonging to Singidunum, Singidinen- 


sia, -€. 

Singili, Singili, indeel. (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Singili, Singilensis, -e. 

Sinigaglia, y. Senigaglia. 

Sinis, Sinis, -is (m.). 

Sinna, Sinna, -# (f.). 

Sinnaces, Sinnaces, -is (m.). 

Sinnius, Sinnius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
to Sinnius, Sinnianus, -a, -um. 

Sinon, Sinon, -dnis (m.). 

Sinope, Sindpe, -es (f.); of or belonging 
to Sinope, Sindpicus, -a, -um, and Sino- 
pensis, -e; pecul. fem., Sindpis, -idis. 

Sintice, Sintice, -es (f.); of or belonging 
to Sintice, Sinticus, -a, -um; the inhabit 
ants of Sintice, Sintii, -orum (m.). 

Sinub, Sinope, -es (f.), q. Y- 

Sinuessa, Sinuessa, -e (f.); of or bel-ng- 
ing to Sinuessa, Sinuess4nus, -a, -um. 

Sion (Mount), Sion, indecl. ( f.). 

Siphnus, Siphnus, -i (f-); of or belonging 
to Siphnus, Siphnius, -a, -um. 

Sipontum, Sipontum, -i (n.); of or belong 
ing to Sipontum, Sipontinus, -8, -um. 

Sipylus (Mount), Sipylus, -i (m.); of or be 
longing to Sipylus, Sipyléus, -a, -um ; 
Sipyléius, -a, -um; and Sipylensis, -e. 

Str, the, Iaxartes, - (m.). 

Sire, Sire, -arum (f.). 

Sirbitum, Sirbitum, -i (7.). 

Sirbonis (Lake), Sirbénis, -idis (J.). 

Sirens, the, Sirénes, -um (f.); @ Stren, Si 
ren, -énis ; of or relating to the Sirens, Si- 
rénius, -a,-um; pecul. fem., Sirénis, -idis. 

Siris, the, Siris, -is (m.); of or relating to 
the Siris, Sirinus, -a, -um.—2. (f.) acity; 
of or belonging to Siris, Sirinus, -a, -um; 
the inhabitants of Siris, Sirini, -orum (m.) 

Sirmia, Sirmia, -# (f.). 

Sirmio, Sirmio, -dnis (m.). 

Sirmium, Sirmium, -ii (n.); of or belong 
ing to Sirmium, Sirmiensis, -e. 

Sirpt, Sirpi, -orum (m.). 

Sirpicus, Sirpicus, -i (m.). 

Stsapo, Sisapo, -dnis (f.); of or belonging 
to Sisapo, SisapGdnensis, -e. 

Stscennius, Siscennius, -ii (m.). 

Siscia, Siscia, - (f.); of or belonging & 
Siscia, Siscifnus, -a, -um. 

Sisenna, Sisenna, -# (m.). 

Stsennus, Sisennus, -i (m.). 

Siser, Siser, -éris (m.). 

Sisigambis, Sisigambis, -is (f-). 

Sisteron, Segustero, -onis (f.); Civitas Se 
gesterorum. 

Sisyphus, Sisyphus, -{ (m.) ; of or relating 
to Sisyphus, Sisyphius, -a, -um; son of 
Sisyphus, Sisyphides, -@ (m.). 

Sithon, Sithon, -onis (m.). 

Sithonii, the, Sithdnii, -orum (m.), Sitho 
nian, Sithdnius, -a,-um; pecul. fem., Si- 
thdnis, -idis (poet. for Thracian). 

Sitia, Sitia, -~ (f). 

Sitifi, Sitifi, indecl. (m.); 0; ur belonging 
to Sitifi, Sitifensis, -e. 

Sitones, the, Siténes, -um (m.). 

Sittace, Sittace, -es (f.); the territory of 
Sittace, Sitt&céne, -es (f)- 

Sittius, Sittius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
Sittius, Sittianus, -a, -um 

Siwah, Ammonium, -ii (n-). 

Siztus, Sixtus, -i (m.). 

Skye (Isle of), Ebuda Orientalis. 

Skyro, Scyros, -i (f-), q. ¥- 

Slavonia, Sclavonia or Slavonia, -w (f.), 
the Slavonians, Slavi, -orum, and Sla 
yones, -um (m.). a 

4 


SOS 

Sleswick, Slesvicum, -i (7.). 

Sluys, Clausule, -arum (Sf). 

Smerdis, Smerdis, -is (m.). 

Smilax, Smilax, -acis (f.). 

Smintha, Smintha, -e (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Smintha, Sminthian, Sminthius, 
-a, -um, and Sminthéus, -a, -um; as an 
appellation of Apollo, Sminthian, Smin- 
theus, -eos o7 -ei (m.). 

Smyrna, Smyrna, -w (f.), @ city; of or be- 
longing to Smyrna, Smyrnean, Smyr- 
newug, -a, -um.—2. a woman’s name. 

Sobii, the, Sobii, -orum (m.). 

Sochis, Sochis, -is (m.). 

Socho, Socho, indecl. (f.). 

Socotora, Dioscoridis Insula ( f.). 

Socrates, Socrates, -is (m.); of or relating 
to Socrates, Socratic, Socraticus, -a, -um; 
the followers of Socrates, Socratici, -orum 
(m.). 

Socration, Socration, -dnis (m.). 

Socunda, Socunda, -@ (f.). 

Sodit, the, Sodii, -orum (m.). 

Sodinus, the, Sodinus, -i (m.). 

Sodom, Sodoma, -w (f.); Sodimun, -i 
(m.); and Sodama, -orum (n.); the in- 
habitants of Sodom, Sddémitx, -arum 
(m.) ; of or belonging to Sodom, Séd- 
dmiticus, -a, -um. 

Sogdiana, Sogdiana, -w (f.); the inhabit- 
ants of Sogdiana, Sogdiani, -orum (m.). 

Sogdonacus, Sogdonacus, -i (m.). 

Sohemus, Sohemus, -i (m.). 

Soissons, Suessio, -onis (f.); Augusta 8u- 
essionum. 

Sol, Sol, -dlis (m.). 

Sole, Sole, -es (f.). 

Soletum, Soletum, -i (n.). 

Soli, Soli or Solos, -orum (f.); of or be- 
longing to Soli, Solensis, -e. 

Solimnia, Solimnia, -@ (f.). 

Solinus, Solinus, -i (m.). 

Sollius, Sollius, -ii (m.). 

Solomon, v. Salomon. 

Solon, Sdlon, -dnis (m.). 

Solone, Solon, -arum (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing tv Solone, Solonas, -atis (adj.). 

Solonium, Solonium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Solonium, Soloninus, -a, -um. 

Solorius, Solorius, -ii (m.). 

Solovettius, Solovettius, -ii (m.). 

Solus, Solus, -untis (f:); of or belonging 
to Solus, Soluntinus, -a, -um. 

Solva, Solva, -~ (f.); of or belonging to 
Solva, Solvensis, -e. 

Solway (Frith of), Itunes Astuarium (n.). 

Solymz, the, Sol¥mi, -orum (#.). 

Solymus, Solymus, -i (m.). 

Sonno, Sonno, -dnis (m.). 

Sontini, the, Sontini, -orum (m.). 

Sontius, the, Sontius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to the Sontius, Sontius, -a, -um. 

Sopater, Sopater, -tri (m.). 

Sophene, Sdphéne, -es (f.) ; the inhabitants 
of Sophene, Sophéni, -orum (m.). 

Sophia, Sophia, - (f.); of or re 
Sophia, Sophianus, -a, -um. 

Sophocles, Sophocles, -is (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Sophocles, Sophoclean, Sophoclé- 
us, -a, -um. 

Sq, honta, Sophonia, -@ ( f.). 

So~ onisba, Sophonisba, -@ (f.). 

So onius, Sophontius, -ii (m.). 

Sophron, Sdphron, -dnis (m.). 

Sophronia, Sophronia, -s (f.). 

Sophroniscus, Sophriéniscus, -i (m.). 

Sophronius, Sophronius, -ii (m.). 

Sophus, Séphus, -i (m.). 

Sopolis, Sdpdlis, -is (m.). 

Sora, Sora, -~ (f.); of or belonging to So- 
ra, Soranus, -a, -um. 

Soracte (Mount), Soracte, -is (n.), of or 
belonging to Mownt Soracte, Soractinus, 
-a, -um. 

Soranus, Sdranus, -i (m.). 

Sordice, Sordice, -es (f.). 

Sordones, the, Sordines, -um (m.). 

Sordus, the, Sordus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Sordus, Sordicénus, -a, -um. 

Sorrento, Surrentum, -i (n.). 

Sosagoras, Sosigoras, -s (m.). 

Sosia, Sosia, -~ (m.), a man’s name.—2. 
(f.) @ woman’s name. 

Sosias, Sosias, - (m.). 

Sosibius, Sosibius, -ii (m.). 

Sosicles, Sosicles, -is (m.). 

Sosigzenes, Sosigénes, -is (m.). 

Sosilaus, Sosilaus, -4 (m.). 

Sosilus, ee A (m.). 

& 


ing to 


ST 


| Sosimenes, Sosiménes. -is (m.). 

Sosipater, Sosipater, -tris (m.). 

Sosippus, Sosippus, -i (m.). 

Sosis, Sosis, -is (m.), a man.—2. ( Sf) a 
woman. 

Sosistratus, Sosistratus, -i (m.). 

Sositheus, Sositheus, -i (m.). 

Sosius, Sdsius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Sosius or the Sosii, Sosianus, -a, -um. 

Sosthenes, Sosthénes, -is (m.). 

Sostratus, Sostratus, -i (m.). 

Sosus, Sdsus, -i (m.). 

Sotacus, Sotacus, -i (m.). 

Sotades, Sotades, -is (m.) ; of or relating to 
Sotades, Sotadéus, -a, -um, and Sotadi- 
cus, -a, -um. 

Sotas, Sotas, -e (m.). 

Soter, Soter, -éris (m.). 

Sotericus, Sotéricus, -i (m.) 

Soteridas, Sotéridas, -s (m.). 

Sothis, Sothis, -is (m.). 

Sotiates, the, Sotiates, -um or -ium (m.). 

Sotimus, Sotimus, -i (m.). 

Sotira, Sdtira, - (f.). 

Southampton, Clausentum, -{ (s.). 

Soza, Soza, -@ (f.). 

Spa, Aque Spadane, -arum (f.). 

Spaco, Spaco, -fis (f.). 

Spain, Hispania, -m (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Spain, Spanish, Hispanus, -a, -um; 
Hispaniensis, -e; and Hispanicus, -a, 
-um; the Spanish Sea, Ibericum Ma- 
Tre; the Spaniards, Hisp&ni, -orum (m.); 
Greek and poet., Ibéria, and its derivv., 
used for Hispania, -s; v. Iberia. 

Spalathra, Spalathra, -@ (f.). 

Spalatro, Spalatum, -i (n.). 

Sparta, Sparta, -« (f.); of or belonging to 
Sparta, Spartan, Spartanus, -a, -um, and 
Spartiacus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of 
Sparta, Spartans, Spartiate, -arum (m.), 
Spartani, -orum (m.). 

Spartacus, Spartacus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Spartacus, Spartacius, -a, -um. 

Spartian, Spartianus, -i (m.). 

Spatale, Spatale, -es (f.). 

Spectatus, Spectatus, -{ (m.). 

Speier, v. Spire. 

Spelewm, Speleum, -i (n.). 

Spelunca, Spelunca, -s (f.). 

Sperchéus, the, Sperchéus or Sperchtus, -fi 
(m.) ; of or belonging to the 
Sperchéis, -idis (fem. adj.); son of Sper- 
chéus, Sperchédnides, -s (m.). 

Sperchie, Sperchie, -arum (f.). 

Sperchius, the, v. Spercheus. 

ustppus, Speusippus, -i (#.). 

Spezia, Tiparenus, -i (f.). 

Spherus, Spherus, 4 (m.). 

Sphagia, Sphagie, -aram (f.). 

Spicilius, Spicilius, -{i (m.). 

Spina, Spina, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Spina, Spin&ticus, -a, -um. 

Spino, Spino, -énis (m.). 

Spintharus, Spintharus, -1 (m.). 

Spinther, Spinther, -6ris (m.). 

Spintwm, Spintum, -i (n.). 

Spio, Spio, -As (f.). 

Spireum, Spireum, -i (n.). 

Spire, Augusta Nemetum; Noviomagus, 
-i, and Spira, -w (f.). 

Sptridion, Spiridion, -6nis (m.). 

Spoletium, . Spdlétium, -li (n.) ; of or be 

Spoleto, longing to Spoletium, Spo- 
letinus, -a, -um. 

Sponzia, Sponeis, © (.). : 

Sporades, the, Spdrades, -um (f.), Insule. 

Sporus, Sporus, -i (m.). 

Spurinna, Spurinna, -e (m.). 

Spurinus, Spurinus, -i (m.). 

Spurius, Spurius, -1i (sm.). 

Squillace, Scylacéum, -i (n.), q. v.; Guif 
of Squillace, Scylacéus Sinus. 

St. Agatha, Agathyrna, - (f.), and Aga- 
thyrnum, -i (n.). 

St. Alban’s, Fanum St. Albani (s.). 

St. Andrew's, Andredpilis, -is (f.). 

St. Angelo, Castrum St. Angeli (n.); An- 
géldpdlis, -is (f.). 

St. Bertrand, Bertrandpdlis, -is (f.). 

St. Catharine’s, Insula Catharine (f.). 

4 oe Fortalitium St. Christophd- 

n.). 

St. Cloud, Fanum St. Clodoaldi (n.). 

St. Cruz, Fanum St. Crucis (n.). 

St. Davids, Menevia, -@ (f.). 

St. Denis, Catolacum, -i (n.). 

St. Domingo, Hispaniola, -s (A. 

S. Eufemia (Gulf of), Lameticas Sinus. 


STO 


St. Fe, Fanum St. Fidei (n.). 

St. George, Insula St. Georgii (f.). 

St. Gothard, Adiilas or Adila, -@ (.). 

St. Jago, Insula St. Jacobi (f.), an islane 
—2. a city; Fanum St. Jacobi (n.). 

St. James, Fanum St. Jacobi (n.). 

St. Jean @’ Acre, Ace, -es (f.). 

St. Juan de Puerto Rico, Fanum St. Joan 
nis Portus Divitis. 

St. Maura, Leucadia, - (f.), q. v. 

St. Michael, Fanum St. Michiélis (n.). 

St. Omer, Audomaropilis, -is (f.). 

St. Quentin, Augusta Veromanduorum 


(): 

St. Remi, Fanum St Remigii (n.). 

St. Sebastian, Donastienum, -i (n.). 

St. Stephen’s, Fanum St. Stephani (n.). 
St. Thomas, Insula St. Thomeys (f.), ar 
island—2. Fanum St. Thome (n.), 

town. 

Staberius, Staberius, -ii (m.). 

Stabia, Stabie, -arum (f.); of or belong 
ing to Stabia, Stabianus, -a, -um. 

Stabulum, Stabulum, -i (n.). 

Stadius, Stadius, -ii (m.). 

Stafford, Staffordia, -w (f.). 

Stagira, Stagira, -m (f.); of or belonging 
a Stagira, Stagirite, Stagirites, - (mase 
adj.). 

Staius, Staius, -ii (m.). 

Stalimene, Lemnos, -i (f.), q. ¥- 

Stamford, Stamfordia, -w (f.). 

Stanwicks, Congavata, -@ (f.). 

Stanco, Cos, q. v. 

Standia, Dia, -e ( S,). 

Staphylius, Staphylius, ii (m.). 

Staphylus, Staphylus, -i (m.). 

Staseas, Staseas, - (m.). 

Stasimus, Stasimus, -i (m.). 

Statianus, Statianus, -i (m.). 


Statielle, Statiellw, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Statielle, Statielias, -atis 
(adj.), and Statiellensig, -e. 


Statilia, Statilla, - (f.). 

Statilius, Statilius, -ii (#.). 

Statius, Statius, -ii (m.). 

Statonia, Statonia, - YS); v Aes belong 
ing to Statonia, Stato’ <2 

SMatorius, Statorius, -ii (#.). 

Stauri, the, Stauri, -orum (m.). 

Stelendena, Stelendéna, -@ (f.). 

Stella, Stella, -~ (f.); of or belonging w 
Stella, Stellas, -Atis (adj.), and Stellatt- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Stellio, Stellio, -dnis (m.). 

m, Stenacum, -i (n.). 

Stenebaa, Sténéboea or Sthénébowa, -w 
(f.); of or relating to Stenebea, Stene 
bosius, -a, -um. 

Stentor, Stentor, -dris (m.); of or relating 
to Pasig aheae nts -um. 

Stephane, Stephane, -es (f-). 

Stephania, Stephinia, -w (f.). 

Stephanio, Stephinio, -onis (m.). 

a ae Stephanus, i (m). 


Stercuttus, Stercutius, -ii (m.). 

Steria, Steria, -e (f,.). 

Sterope, Sterope, -es (f.). 

Steropes, Stérdpes, -s2 (m.). 

Stertinius, Stertinius, -ii (mi of or be 
longing to Stertinius, S ius, -a, -um. 

Stesichorus, Stesichdrus, -i (m.); of or be 
longing to Stesichorus, Stesichorius, -a, 


-um. 

Sthenébea, v. Stenebaca. 

Sthenelus, Sthénélus, -i (m.); of or relat 
ing to Sthenelus, Sthenéléius, -a, -um; 

ecul, fem., Sthendléis, -Idis. 

Sthenius, Sthenius, -ii (m.). 

Stheno, Sthéno, -tis (f.). 

Sthendbaa = Sthenébea. 

Sterling, Sterlinia, - (f.); Mons Dolord 
sus (m.). 

Stettin, Sedinum, -i (n.). 

Stichus, Stichus, -i (m.). 

Stilbon, Stilbon, -ontis (m.,). 

Stilicho, Stilicho, -dnis (m.) ; of cr relating 
to Sttlicho, Stilichénius, -a, um 

Stilio, Stilio, -6nis (m.). 

Stilo, Stilo, -onis (m.). 

Stilpo, Stilpo, -onis (m.). 

Stimicon, Stimicon, -onis (#,). 

Stimon, Stimon, -onis (f.). 

Stimula, eons EO 

Stipar, Stipax, -acis (m.). 

Sttria, Stiria, -~ (f.). 

Stobi, Stobi, -orum (m.) ; of or belonging 


to Stobi, Stobensis, -e. 


SUE 
Stockholm, Holmia, -@ (/f.). 
Steckades, the, Stcachides, -um (/f.), in 


sing., Stoachas, -adis. 
Stola, Stola, -# (m.). 
Stolo, Stolo, -onis (m.). 
Storaz, Storax, -acis (m.). 
Strabo, Strabo, -6nis (m.). 
Strait of Caffa, Bosporus Cimmerius (m.). 
Strait of Constantinople, Bosporus Thra- 
cius (m.). 
Strait of Dover, Fretum Gallicum. 
Strait of Gibraltar, v. Gibraltar. 
Strait of St. Bonifacio, Taphros, -i (f-). 
Stralsund, Sumonia, -@ (f.). 
Strassburg, Argentoratum, -i (n.). 
Stratioki, Munychia, -@ (/f.). 
Stratippocles, Stratippocles, -is (m.). 
Stratius, Stratius, -ii (m.). 
Strato, Strato, -onis (m.). 
Stratoclea, Stratocléa or Stratoclia, -@ (f.). 
Stratocles, Stratocles, -is (m.). 
Stratonice, Stratonice, -es (/f.). 
Stratonicea, Stratonicéa, -@ (f.); of or be- 
longing to Stratonicea, Stratinicensis, 
-¢ ; Stratoniceus, -eos or -ei (masc. adj.) ; 
pecul. fem., Stratonicis, -Idis. 
Stratonicus, Stratonicus, -1 (m.). 
Soke Peaunides, “8 ™. 
mes, Stratéphianes, -is (m.). 
Stratortus, Stratorius, -li (m. 
Stratus, Stratus or Stratos, -i (f). 
Strivali (Islands), Pléte or Stropha&des In- 


alee }strongyle, es (f). 
Strongoli, Petelia, -w (f.). 


Str lion, Strongylion, -dnis (m.). 
Strophades, the, Strophides, -um (f,), In- 


stile. 

Strophius, Strophius, -li (m.). 

Struma, Struma, -@ (m.). 

Strymon, Strymon, -Onis (m.); of or be 
ts cue; pul fom, Bry. 

try: us, -a, -um; . fem., Stry- 

modnis, -idis. 

Stubera, Stubera, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Stubera, Stuberus, -a, -um. 

Stura, the, Stura, -2 (m.). 

Sturii, the, Sturii, -orum (m.). 

Sturtum, Sturium, -ii (n.). 

Stuttgard, Stutgardia, -s (f.). 

Stymphdlis, the, Stymphilis, -is (m.). 

Stymphalus, Stymphalus, -i (.); Stym- 
phalum or Stymphilon, -i (n.); and 
Stymphala, -orum (n.); Stymphalian, 
Stymphilius, -a, -um, and Stymphall- 
Si, i a ven, Asa 
-Idis ; ly in plur tym: 
lian (birds), Stymphilides, -um. 

jlageven atlas i er : 

Styz, Styx, -¥gis (f.): of or belonging to 
the Styz, aes, -A, -um. 

Suadones, the, Suadones, -um (m.). 

Suari, the, Suari, -orum (m.). 





Suasa, Suasa, -@ (f.); of or belonging 10 | 


Suasa, Suasdnus, -a, -um. 
Subernius, Subernius, -ii (m.). 
Subis, the, Subis, -is (m.). 

Sublaceum, Subliceum, -1 (n.); of or be- 
longing to Sublaceum, Sublacensis, -e. 
pg (Bridge), Sublicius, -i (m.), 

ons. 
8ubota, Subota, -orum (n.). 
Subrius, Subrius, -ii (m.). 
cd Subnr, -uris (f.), a city—2 (m)a 


er. 

Subura. Stibitra or Sitburra, -e (f.), of 
or belonging to Subura, Suburanus, -a, 
-um, and Suburitanus, -a, -um, the in- 
habitants of the Subura, Subir&nenses, 
-ium (m.). 

Succabar, Succabar, -aris (n.). 

Succasses, the, Succasses, -ium (m.). 

Succubo, Succubo, -dnis (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Succubo, Succubonitaénus, -a, -um. 

Suche, Suche, -es (f.). 

Sucinium, Sucinium, -ii (n.) , of or belong- 

to Sucinium, Sucinianus, -a, -um, 
and Suciniensis, -e. 

Sucrana, Sucrana, -@ (f.). 

Sucro, the, Sucro, -dnis (m.); of or belong- 
ing to the Sucro, Sucrénensis, -e. 

Sucuro, Suciro, -dnis (m.). 

Sudertum, Sudertum, -i (n.) , of or belong- 
ing to Sudertum, Sudert&nus, -a, -um. 

Sudines, Sudines, -@ or -is (m.). 

Sue, Sue, -es (f.). 

Suecius, Suécius, -ii (m.). 

Sueconi, the, Sueconi, -crum (m.) 





SYB 
Suedtus, Suedius, -ii (m.). 


TAL 


Syce, Syce, -es (f.). 


Suel, Suel, -élis (n.); of or belonging to | Sycurium, Sycurium, -ii (#.). 


Suel, Suelitanus, -a, -um. 
Suelleni, the, Suelléni, -orum (m.). 
Suemus, the, Suemus, -i (.). 
Suessa, Suessa, -e (f.); of or belonging | 

to Suessa, Suessdnus, -a, -um. 

Suessetani, the, Suesset&ni, -orum (m.) ; of | 
or belonging to the Suessetani, Suesse- | 
ténus, -a, -um. 

Suessiones, the, Suessiones, -um (m.); of 
or belonging to the Suessiones, Suessio- 
nensis, -e. 

Suessula, Suessiila, - (f.), of or belong- 
ing to Suessula, Suessiilinus, -a, -um. 

Suatius, Suetius, -ii (m.). 

Suetonius, Suéténius, -ii (m.). 

Suetri, the, Suetri, -orum (m.). 

Suetrius, Suetrius, -ii (m.). 

Suevt, the, Suevi, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Suevi, Suévicus, -a, -um, 
and Suévus, -a, -um ; the country of the 
Suevi, Suevia, -@ (f.). 

Suevius, Suevius, -ii (m.). 

Suez, Areindé, -es (f.). 

Suffenas, Suffénazs, -atis (m.). 

Suffenates, the, Suffénites, -um or -ium | 
(m.). 

Suffenus, Suffénus, -i (m.). | 

Suffetia, Suffdtia, -e (f.). 





Suffuctus, Suffucius, -il (m.). 
Sicambri. 


Suffolk, Suffolcia, -e (f.). 
| 


Suillum, Suillum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Suillum, Suillas, -&tis (adj.). 
Suiones, the, Suiones, -um (™.). 
Sulci, Sulci, -orum (m.); of or belonging 
to Sulct, Sulcensis, -e. 
Sulcius, onic, -ii (m.). 
v Ja, 


~ Sy 
Sullanus, Sullanus, -i im. 
Sullontacis, Sulloniacis, -{s ( f-). 
Sully, Sullacum, -i (n.). 
Sulmo, Sulmo, -dnis (m.); of or be 
longing to Sulmo, Sulmo- 
nensis, -e, and (late) Sulmontinius, -a, 


-um. 

Sulpicta, Sulpicia, -» (f.). 

Sulpicilla, Sulpicilla, - (f-). 

Sulpicius, Sulpicius, -ii (m.); of or rdat 
ing to Sulpicius or the Sulpicia gens, 
Sulpician, Sulpicius, -a, -um, and 8ul- 
picianus, -a, -um. 

Suniathus, Suniathus, -i (m.). 

Sunici, the, Sunici, -orum (m.). 

Suntum, Sinium and Sinion, -li (n.); of 
or belonging to Sunium, Sunian, Suni- 
as, -dis ( f.). 

Superbus, Superbus, -i (.). 

Sura, Stra, -e (f), a .—2. (m.) a 
man’s nate; of or relating to Sura, Bu- 
ranus, -a, -um. 

Sure, the, Sure, -aram (m.). 

Surdaones, the, Surdadnes, -um (m.). 

Surena, Suréna or Surénas, -@ (m.). 

Surius, the, Surius, -ii (m.). 

Surrentum, Surrentum, -i (n.); of or be- 
longing to Surrentum, Surrentine, Sur- 
rentinus, -a, -um. 


Susa, Susa,-orum (n.) , of or belonging to | 


Susa, Susius, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Susis, 
dis; v. Susiana. 

eee } Susanna, -@ (f.). 

Susarion, Sisarion, -onis (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Susarion, Susaridnius, -a, -um. 

Susas, the, Susas, - (m.). 

Susiana, Siisiina, -@, and Susifine, -es 
(f.); of or belonging to Susiana, Susi- 
Anus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of Susi- 
ana, Susiani, -orum, and Susii, -oram 


(m.). 

Susus, Susus, -i (m.). 

Suthul, Suthul, indecl. (f.). 

Sutrium, Sutrium, -ii (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Sutrium, Sutrinus, -a, -um, and 
Sutrius, -a, -um. 

Sweden, Suecia, -~ (f.); Swedish, Sueci- 
cus, -a, -um. 





Sycussa, Sycussa, -@ (f.). 

Sydopta, Sydopta, -® (f.). 

Syene, Syéne, -es (f.); of Syene, Syenitea 
-# (masc. adj.) ; the tnhabttants of Syena 
Syenite, -arum (m.). 

Syleum, Syleum, -i (n.). 

Sylla, Sylla, -® (m.); of or relating w 
Sylla, Syllanus, -a, -um. 

Syllus, Syllus, -i (m.). 

Symathus, the, Symethus, -i (m.), of o7 
belonging to the Symethus, Symeethiua 
or -théus, -a, -um; pecul. fem., Syme 
this, -idis. 

Syme, Syme, -es (f.). ‘ 

us, Symmachus, -i (m.) ; of or be 
longing to Symmachus, Symmachianus, 


-a, -um. 
Symplegades, the, Symplégiades, -um ( f.) 
in sing., Symplégas, -adis. 
Symposion, Symposion, -ii (n.). 
Symposius, Symposius, -ii (m.). 
Syncerastus, Syncérastus, -i (m.). 
Synephebi, the, Synephébi, -orum (m.). 
Synnada, 8 Sale! -@ (f.); Synnas, -ddis 
(f.); and Synnada, -orum (n.); of or 
belonging to Synnada, Synnidensis, -e, 
and Synnadicus, -a, -um. 


Syphaz, Syphax, -&cis (m.). 


Sypheum, Sypheum, -i (n.). 

Syracuse, Syracise, -arum (f.); of or be 
longing to Syracuse, Syracisan, Syra- 
cfisanus, -a, -um; Syriciisius, -a, -um, 
and poet., Syr&cdsius, -a, -um. 

win 5 the, oe ae LS 

yria, -@ (f.); of or belonging to 
Syria, Syrian, S¥riacus, -a, -am ; Syrius, 
-a, -um; and Syruzs, -a, -um; the Syrt 
ans, Syri, -orum (m.), 

Syrie, Syrie, -es (f.). 

Syrinz, Syrinx, -ingis (f.). 

Syriscus, Syriscus, -i (m.). 

Syrmate, Syrmate, -aram (m.). 

Syrnos, Syrnos, -i ( f.). 

Syro, S¥ro, -dnis (m.). 

Syrophenician, Syrophosnix, -icis (m.; 
Syropheenissa, -@ (f.). 

Syros, Syros, -i (f.); of or b ing to 
Syros, Syrius, -a, -um, and S¥fries. -a, 
um. 


Syrtes, the, Syrtes, -ium (f.); the greater 
Syrtis, Syrtis major; the smaller Syrtis, 
Syrtis minor; of or belonging to the 
Syrtes, Syrticus, -a, -um ; pecul. masc., 
Syrtites, -e. 

Syrus, Syrus, -i (m.). 

Sregedin, v. Segedin. 


7: 


Taba, Tabs, -arum (/f.). 

Taber, Taberium, -ii (n.). 

Tabts, Tabis, -is (m.). 

Tabitha, Tabitha, - (f.). 

Tabraca, Tabrica, -e (f.). 
Taburnus, Taburnus, -i (m.). 
Tacape, Tacipe, -es (f.). 
Tacfarinas, Tacfarinas, -Atis (™.) 
Tachomps, Tachompso, -is ( f.). 
Tachus, Tachus, -i (m.). 

Tacitus, Tacitus, -i (m.). 

Tadcaster, Tadecastrum, -i (”.). 
Tader, the, Tader, -&ris (m.). 
Tadiates, Tadiates, -um or -ium (m.) 
Tadinates, Tadin&tes, -um or -ium (m.). 
Tadmor, v. Thadmor. 

Tadute. Tadite, -es (f.). 


| Tenarum, v. Matapan ; of or belonging to 





Switzerland, Helvetia, - (f.), q. v- 
Syagrius, Syagrius, -ii (m.). 
Syagrum, Syagrum, -i (n.). 


Sybaris, S¥baris, -is (f.), a city; of or be | 


+aging to Sybaris, Sybaritanus, -a, um, | 
«nd Sybariticus, -a, -um; an inhabit — 
ant of Sybaris, Sybarites, - (m.); Syb- 

aritis, -idis ( f.).—2. (m.) a man’s name. | 


Tenarum, Tenarius, -a, -um; @ female 
of Tenarum, i. e., Laconia, Tenéaris, 
Adis (f.); a man of Tenarum, i. e., La 
conia, Teenarides, - (m.); the lower re 
gions, the lower world, Tenéra, -oram 
(n. plural). 

Tagaste, Tagaste, -és ( f.). 

Tages, Tages, -étis (m.); of or belonging 
to Tages, Tagéticus, -a, -um 

Tagus, v. Tajo. 

Tajo, Tagus, -i (m.). 

Talassio, Talassio, -dnis, and Taiassius, -il 
(m.); v. Talassus. 

Talassus, Talassus, -i (m.); another form 
for Talassio. : 

Talaus, Talius, -1 (m.); of or relating to 
Talaus, Talaidnius, -a, -um; @ son or 
descendant of Talaus, Talaidnides, -e 
(m.). 

Talos. Talos. -i (™.) 

749 


TAU 


Tauhybius, Talthybius, -ii (m.). 
Tamar, Taméarus, -i (m.). 
Tambre, Tamaris, -is (m.), and Tamara, - 


Tameésis, v. Thames. 

Tamos, Tamos, -i (m.). 

Tampsapor, 'Tampsapor, -6ris (m.). 

Tamworth, Tamawordina, -@ ({.). 

Tanager, Tanager, -gri (m.). 

Tanagra, Tanagra, -® (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Tanagra, Tanagreus, -a, -um, 
and Tanagricus, -a, -um. 

Tanagrus, another form of Tanager. 

Tanais, v. Don. 

Tanaquil, Tanaquil, -ilis (/.). 

Tanaro, the, Tanarus, - (m.). 

Tanas, Tanas, -# (m.). 

Tanedo, Tanétum, -i (n.). 

Tangier, Tingis, -is (f.). 

Tanis, Tanis, -is (f.); of or belonging to 
Tanis, Taniticus, -a, -um, and Tanites, 
-@ (masc, adj.); Tanitic Nome or Nome 
of Tanis, Tanites Nomos. 

Tantalus, Tantalus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Tantalus, Tantaléus, -a, -um, and 
Tantalicus, -a,-um; a son or descendant 
of Tantalus, Tantaélides, -# (m.); @ 

ughter or female descendant of Tan- 
talus, Tantalis, -idis (f.). 

Taormino, Tauromenium, -ii (n.). 

Taphius (Mount), Taphius, -ii (m.); of or 
belonging to Taphius, Taphiusius, -a, 


-um. 

Taphros, ¥. Bonifacio, 

Taprobane, v. Ceylon. 

Taranis, Taranis, -is (m.). 

Tarantaise, Tarantasia, ® (f.). 

Taranto, Tarentum, -i (7.). 

Taras, Taras, -antis (m.). 

Tarascon, Tarasco, -Onis (m.). 

Tarbelli, Tarbelli, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to the Tarbelli, Tarbellicus, -a, 
-um, and Tarbellus, -a, -um. 

Larchon, Tarcho, -Onis (m.). 

Tarentum, Tarentum, -i (7.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Tarentum, Tarentinus, -a, -um ; 
the inholvitants of Tarentum, Tarentini, 
-orum. 

Targovisco, Targoviscum, -i (”.). 

Tarichaa, Tarichea, - (f-). 

Tarn, the, Tarnis, -is (m.). 

Taro, Tarus, -i (™.). 

Tarpa, Tarpa, -® (m.). 

Tarpeia, Tarpeia, -@ (f.). 

Tarpeian Mount, Mons Tarpeius, Tar- 
peium Saxum; Tarpeia rupes. 

Tarpeius, Tarpetius, -ii (m.). 

Tarquin, Tarquinius, -ii (m.). 

Tarquinii, Tarquinii, -oruni (m.). 

Tarracina, Tarracina, -® (f.); of or be 
longing to Tarracina, Tarracinensis, -e; 
the inhabitants of Tar-acina, Tarraci- 
nenges. 

Tarraco, Tarraco, -onis (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Tarraco, Tarraconensis, -€. 

Tarragona, Tarraco, -dnis (f.). : 

Tarsus, Tarsus, -i (f-); of or belonging to 
Tarsus, Tarsensis, -€; the inhabitants 
of Tarsus, Tarsenges. 

Tartarus, Tartarus, -i (m.), and tn plural, 
Tartara, -drum (n.); of or belonging to 
Tartarus, Tartarean, Tartareus, -&8, -um. 

Tartessus, Tartessus, -i (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Tartessus, Tartessius, -a, -um ; 
Tartessiacus, -a, -um; and fem. adj., 
Tartessis, -idis. 

Taruenna, Taruenna, -@ (f.); v. Terou- 
enne. 

Tarusates, Tarusates, -um or -ium (m.). 

Tarvisus, Tarvisus, -i (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Tarvisus, Tarvisanus, -8, -um ; Vv. 
Treviso. 

Tatianus, Tatianus, -i (m.). 

Tatieu:+s. Tatienses, -um (m.). 

Tatius, ‘1 atus, -ii (m.). 

Tava (Lake), Tatta, -@ (f.); v. Tuzla. 

Taulantii, Taulantii, -orum (m.). 

Taum Astuarium, v. Tay. 

Taunton, Thonodinum, -i (n.). 

Tauric Chersonese, Chersonésus Taurica ; 
v. Crimea. ; 
Taurini, Taurini, -orum (m.); v. Turin. 

Tauris, Tauris, -idis (f.). 

Taurisci, Taurisci, -orum (m.). 

Tauromenium, Tauromenium i (n.); of 
or belonging to Tauromentum, Tauro- 
menitanus, -a, -um; the inhabitants of 
Tauromenium, Tauromenii, -orum; v. 
Taormino. 

vist) 


TE 


Tauroscythe, Tauroscythe, -Arum (m.). 

Taurunum, Taurinum, -i (n.); the inhab- 
itants of Taurunum, Taurunenses, -ium, 

Taurus (Mount), Taurus, -i (m.); Pass of 
Taurus, Tauri Pyle. 

Taziles, Taxiles, - (m.). 

Tay (Frick of), Taum (-i) #stuarium. 

Tay (River), Tavus, -i (m.). 

Taygete, Taygéte, -es (f.). 

Taygetus (Mount), Taygétus, -i (m.), and 
Taygéta, -drum (n. plural). 

Teanum, Teanum, -i (n.); the inhabitants 
of Teanum, Teani, -orum. 

Teate, Teate, -is (n.); the inhabitants of 
Teate, Teatini, -orum. 

Tech, Tecum, -i (7.). 

Tecmessa, Tecmessa, -s (f.). 

Tecmon, Tecmon, -6nis (m.). 

Tectosages, Tectosages, -um (m.). 

Tegea, Tegéa, -, and Tegéé, -6s (f.); of 
or belonging to Tegea, Tegewus, -a,-um; 
Tegeéus, -a, -um; Tegeaticus, -a, -um ; 
and fem. adj., Tegeatis, -idis; the latier 
a also used poetically for a female Arca- 


ian. 

Telamon, Telaimon, -6nis (m.) ; of or relat- 
ing to Telamon, Telamonius, -a, -um ; 
a son of Telamon, Telamoniades, -@. 

Telchines, Telchines, -um (m.). 

Teleboans, Telebos, -irum (m.), and Tele- 
boi, -6rum (m.); Teleboan Islands, Tele- 
boides Insule. 

Telegonus, Telegdnus, -i (m.). 

Telemachus, Telemachus, -i (m.), 

Telephus, Téléphus, -i (m.). 

Telesia, Telesia, -@ (f.); of or relating to 
Telesia, Telesinus, -a, -um. 

Telesinus, Telesinus, -i (m.). 

Telestes, Telestes, -s or -is (m.). 

Telethusa, Telethisa, -e (f.). 

Telina Vallis, v. Valteline. 

Telini, Telini, -orum (m.). 

Tellus, Tellus, -iris (f:). 

Telmessus, Telmessus, -i (f.); of or be 
longing to Telmessus, Telmeasicus, -a, 
-um; Telmessius, -a, -um; and fem. 
adj., Telmessis, -idis; the inhabitants 
of Telmessus, Telmessenses, -ium. 

Telo, Telo, -Gnis (m.). 

Telo Martius, v. Toulon. 

Telos, Telos, -i (f.). 

Telziope, Telxidpe, -es (f.). 

Temesa, Temésa, -@ ( f.). 

Temese, Temése, -es (f.). 

Temeswar, v. Tomiswar. 

Temnos, Temnos, -i (f.). 

Tempe, Tempe (n. plural). 

Tempyra, Tempyra, -orum (n. plural). 

Tencthert, Tencthéri, -orum (m. plural). 

Tenedos, Tenédos, -i ( f.); of or belonging 
to Tenedos, Tenedius, -a, -um. 

Teneriffe, Nivaria, -@ (f.). 

Tenes, Tenes, -@ or -is (m.). 

Tenos, Tenos, -i (f.). 

Tentyra, Tentyra, -orum (n. plural); v. 
Dendera; of or belonging to Tentyra, 
Tentyriticus, -a, -um, and masc. adj., 
Tentyrites, -2; the Nome of Tentyra, 
Tentyrites Nomos ; the inhabitants of 
Tentyra, Tentyrite, -arum (m. plural). 

Teos, Teos, -i (f.); of or belonging to 
Teos, Tean or Teian, Teius, -a, -um. 

Teredon, Terédon, -dnis (f.); of or be- 
longing to Teredon, Teredonius, -a, 
-um. 

Terence, Terentius, -ii (m.). 

Terentia, Terentia, -# (f.). 

Terentianus, Terentianus, -i (m.). 

Terentilla, Terentilla, -e (f.). 

Terentillus, Terentillus, -i (m.). 

Terentius, Terentius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Terentius, Terentianus, -a, -um; 
Terentinus, -a, -um. 

Teres, Teres, -6tis (m.). 

Tereus, Tereus, -ei and -eos (m.); a son 
ox dsacendant of Tereus, Teréides, -g. 
Tergeste, Tergeste, -is (n.); v. Trieste ; of 
or belonging to Tergeste, 'Teryestinus, 
-a, -um; the inhabitants of Tergeste, 

Tergestini. 

Terias, Terias, -e& (m.). 

Terina, Terina, -«e (f.); of or belonging 
to Terina, Terineus, -a, -um. 

Termes, Termes, -étis (f.). 

Termessus, Termessus, -i (f.); the inhab- 
itants of Termessus, Termessenses. 

Termini, Thermss Himerenses. 

Terni, Interamnia, -@ (f.). 

Ternova, Ternolium, -ii (%.). 





THE 


Terouenne, Taruenna, -#, and Tarvenm. 
-6 (f.). 

Terpander, Terpander, -dri (m.). 

Terpstchore, Terpsichore, -es (/.). 

Terpsis, Terpsis, -idis (f.). 

Terra Nuova, Gela, -# (f.). 

Terracina, Tarracina, -@ (f.), q. ¥. 

Tertullian, Tertullianus, -i (m.). 

Tertullus, Tertullus, -i (m.). 

Tesino, Ticinus, -i (m.). 

Tethys, Téthys, -Yos (aceus. -ya or -yn ¢ f.). 

Tetragonis, Tetragonis, -idis ( f.). 

Tetricus, Tetricus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Tetricus, Tetricianus, -a, -um. 

Teucer, Teucer, -cri (m.). 

Teuchira, Teuchira, -s (f.). 

Teucria, Teucria, -w (f.); v. Troy, of or 
belonging to Troy, Teucrus, -a, -um, 
Teucrius, -a, -um (used only in the plu 
ral ni; the Trojans, Teucri; a Trojan 
female, Teucris, -idis (f.). 

Teutana, Teutana, -e (f.). 

Teutates. Teutates, -# (m.). 

Teuthrania, Teuthrania, -@ (f.), and Teu- 
thranie, -es (f.). 

Teuthras, Teuthras, -antis (m.); of or re 
lating to Teuthras, Teuthrantéus, -s 
-um ; Teuthrantius, -a, -um. 

Teuthredon, Teuthrédon, -onis (m.). 

Teutoburgium, Teutoburgium, -ii (%.). 

Teutones, Teutones, -um (m.); of or be 
longing to the Teutones, Teutonicus, -@, 
-um. 

Thabena, Thabéna, -w (f.); the inhabit 
ants of Thabena, Thabenenses, -ium. 

Thabor (Mount), Itabyrius Mons. 

Thabraca, Thabraca, -@ (f.); v. Tabraca. 

Thaddeus, Thaddéusg, -i (m.). 

Thadmor, Thadamora, -@ (f.); Palmyra, 


-B ( 52. 

Thais, Thais, -idis (f.). 

Thalassius, Thalassius, -ii (m.). 

Thales, Thales, -étis (a.). 

Thalestris, Thalestris, -is (f.). 

Thalia, Thalza, -w (f.). 

Thaliarchus, Thaliarchus, -i (s.). 

Thallumetus, Thallumétus, -i (#.) 

Thames, 'Tamésis, -is (m.). 

Thamugas, Thamigas, adis (f.) 

Thamyras, Thamyras, -# (s.). 

Thanet, Tanatis, -is (f.). 

Thapsacus, Tnapsacus, -i (m.) ; inhabitants 
of Thapsacus, Thapsacenses. 

Thapsus, Thupsus, -i (f.) ; of or belonging 
to Thapsus, Thapsitanus, -a, -um; the 
inhabitants of Thapsus, Thapsitani. 

Thasos, Thasos, -i (f.) ; of or belonging to 
Thasos, Thasius, -a, -um. 

Thaumaci, 'Thaumaci, -orum. 

Thaumas, Thaumas, -antis (m.) ; of or re 
lating to Thaumas, Thaumantéus, -a, 
-um; @ daughter of Thaumas, Thau- 
mantis, -idis, and Thaumantias, -adis. 

Theatetus, Theextétus, -i (m.). 

Theagenes, Theagénes, -is (m.). 

Theaki, Ithaca, - (f-). 

Theano, Theano, -is ( f.). 

Thebea, Thebes, -arum (f.); of or belong. 
ing to Thebes, Theban, Thebanus, -a, 
-um , the inhabitants of Thebes, Theba- 
ni, -orum. 

Thebais, Thebiis, -idis ¢ f.). 

Thebe, Thebe, -es (f-). 

Thebes, Thebes, -Arum (f.) ; Theban, The- 
banus, -a,-um; Thebans, Thebani, -orum 

Theiss, Tibiscus, -i (m.). 

Themis, Themis, -idis (f.). 

Themiscyra, Themiscyra, -© (f.); of or 
belonging to Themiscyra, Themiscyre- 
us, -€, -um; Themiscyrius, -a, -um~ 
Themiscyrénus, -a, -um. 

Themison, Themison, -dnis (m:-). 

Themisonium, Themisonium, -ii (n.); the 
inhabitants of Themisonium, Themiso 
nes, -um. 

Themisto, Themisto, -fs (f-). 

Themistocles, Themistocles, -is (m.); of or 
relating to Themistocles, Themis us, 


-a, -um. 

Thera, Thera, -@ (f.); of or belonging te 
Thera, Therezus, -a, -um. 

Theobald, Theobaldus, -i (m.). 

Theoclea, Theocléa, -@ (f.). 

Theocritus, Theocritus, -i (m.)- of or be 
longing to Theocritus, Theocriteus, -& 


-um. 

Theodamas, Theodaémas, -antis (m.) ; of er 
relating to Theodarias, Theodamantéus, 
-a, -u 


4 


THY 


[heodora, Theodora, -# (/f.). 

Theodore, Theodorus, -i (m.). 

Theodoric, Theodoricus, -i (m.). 

Theodosia, Theodésia, -w (/.). 

Theodosianus, Theodosi&nus, -i (m.). 

Theodosius, Theodosius, -ii (m.). 

Theodotion, Theodotion, -dnis (m.). 

Theodotus, Theoddtus, -i (m.). 

Theodulf, Theodulfus, -i (m.). 

Theogenes, Theogénes, -is (m.). 

Theognis, Theognis, -idis (m.). 

The , Theomédes, is (m.). 

Theon. Theon, -dnis (m.); of or relating 
to Theon, Theoninus, -a, -um. 

Theonée, Theonde, -es (f.). 

Theophanes, Theophanes, -is (m.). 

Theophilus, Theophilus, -i (m.). 

Theophrastus, Theophrastus, -i (m.) 

Theopolis, eens -is (m.). 

Theopompus, Theopompus, -i (m.). 

Theorus’’ Theorus, -i Ga). 

Theotima, Theotima, -@® (f.). 

Theotimus, Theotimus, -i (m.). 

a, Theoxena, -# ( f.). 

Theorenus, Theoxenus, -i (m.). 

Thera, Thera, -3 (f.); of or belonging to 
Thera, Therus, -a, -um. 

Theramenes, Theraménes, -is (#.). 

Therapne, Therapne, -arum (f.); of or 
belonging to Therapne, Therapneus, 
-a, -um. . 

There, There, -es (f.). 

Thericles, Thericles, -is (m.). 

Thermodon, Thermodon, -ontis (m.). 

Thermopylae, Thermopyla, -arum (f.). 

Theron, Theron, -ontis (m.). 

Thersander, Thersander, -dri (m.). 

Thersilochus, Thersiléchus, -i (m.). 

Thersites, Thersites, - (m.). 

Theséis, Theséis, -idis (f.). 

Theseus, Theséus, -ei or -eos (m.); of or 
relating to Theseus, Theséius, -a, -um ; 
Theséus, -a, -um; a son of Theseus, 
Thesides, -w (m.); the Athenians, as de- 
scendants of Theseus, Thesidw, -arum 


(m.). 

Thespia, Thespiw, -arum (f.); of or be- 
longing to Thespia, Thespiacus, -a,-um ; 
Thespias, -adis (fem. adj.).—Hence, the 
Muses, as being honored at Thespia, 
were called Thespiades Dew ; the inhab- 
itants of Thespiea, Thespienses, -ium. 

Thespis, Thespis, -is and -idis (m.). 

Thespius, Thespius, -ii (m.); @ son or de- 
scendant of Thespius, Thespiades, -s. 

Thesprotia, Thesprotia, -w (f.); of or be- 
longing to Thesprotia, Thesprotius, -a, 
-um. 

Thessalia, Thessalia, -e (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Thessaly, Thessalian, Thessali- 
cus and Thessalius, -a, -um; the Thes- 
salians, Thessali, -orum ; a female Thes- 
salian, Thessilis, -idis. 

Thessalonica, Thessalonica, -w (f.); the 
inhabitants of Thessalonica, Thessaloni- 

Thetford, Sitomagus, 4 (/) 

ord, Sitomagus, -i (f.). 

Thionville, Theodénis Villa. 

- Thorn, Thorunium, -ii (7.). 

Thrace, Thracia, -® (f.); @ Thracian, 
Thrax, -acis; Thractan, Thracicus, -a, 
-um; Thracius, -a, -um; Threicius, -a, 
-um. 

Thraso, Thraso, -6nis (m.). 

Thrasybulus, Thrasybilus, -i (m.). 

Thrasymedes, Thrasymédes, -is (m.). 

Thria, Thria, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Thria, Thriasian, Thriasius, -a, -um. 

Thrius, Thrius, -untis (f.). 

Thucydides, Thucydides, -is (m.) ; Thucyd- 
idean, Thucydidéus, -a, -um. 

Thule, Thule, -es (f.). 

Thurii, vy. Thuriwm. 

Thurium, Thurium, -ii (”.), and Thurii, 
-orum (m.); of or belonging to Thuri- 
wm, Thurinus, -a, -um; the inhabitants 
of Thurium, Thuriates, -um or -ium. 

Thyamis, Thyamis, -is (m.). 

Thyatira, Thyatira, -w (f.); the inkabit- 
ants of Thyatira, Thyatiréni, -orum. 

Thyestes, Thyestes, -s, rarely -is (m.) ; son 
or descendant of Thyestes, Thyestiddes, 


2. 

Thymbra, Thymbra, -@ (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Thymbra, Thymbraeus, -a, -um. 

Thymele, Thyméle, -es (f.). 

Thyni, Thyni, -orum (m.); of or belong- 
trg to the Thyni (= Bithynian), Thy- 
neus, &, -um. 





TOR 


Thynias, Thynias, -adis (f.). 

Thyone, Thyone, -es (f.). 

Thyreum, Thyr#um, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Thyraum, Thyrzus, -a, -am. 

Thyrsis, Thyrsis, -is (m.). 


Tiber, Tibéris, -is; Tibris, -is or -idis ; Thy- | 


bris, -is or -idis (m.); of or belonging to 
the Tiber, Tiberinus, -a, -um 

Tiberias, Tiberias, -aidis (/f.). 

Tiberinus, Tiberinus, -i (m.). 

Tiberis, v. Tiber. 

Tiberius, Tiberius, -ii (m.). 

Tibiscus, v. Theiss. 

Tibulla, Tibulla, -w (f.). 

Tibullus, Tibullus, -i (m.) 

Tibur, Tibur, -tiris (n.); of or belonging 
to Tibur, Tiburs, -urtis (m., f., n.); Ti- 
burtinus, -a, -um; Tiburnus, -a, -um ; 
the inhabitants of Tibur, Tiburtes, -ium 
(m.). 

Tiburnus, Tiburnus, -i (m.). 

Tiburtus, Tiburtus, -i (m.). 

Ticinum, Ticinum, -i (n.); v. Pavia; of 


or belonging to Ticinum, Ticinensis, -€ ; | 


Ticinus, -a, -um. 

Ticinus, Ticinus, -i (m.); v. Testno. 

Tifata, Tif ata, -orum (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Tifata, Tifatinus, -a, -um. 

Tifernum, Tifernum, -i (n.); the tnhabi 
ants of Tifernum, Tifernates, -um or 
-ium. 

Tigellinus, Tigellinus, -i (m.) 

Tigellius, Tigellius, -ii (m.) 

Tigranes, Tigranes, -is or -# (m.). 

Tigranocerta, Tigranocerta, -orum (n. 
jake 

Tigris, Tigris, -is or -idis (m.). 

Timeus, Timeus, -i (m.). 

Timagenes, Timagénes, -is (m.). 

Timagoras, Timagoras, -@ (m.). 

Timandra, Timandra, -® (f.). 

Timanor, Timanor, -dris (m.). 

Timanthes, Timanthes, -is (m.) 

Timarete, Timaréte, -es (f.). 

Timasicrates, Timasicrates, -is (m.). 

Timochares, Timochares, -is (m.) 

Timocles, Timdcles, -is (m.). 

Timocrates, Timocrates, -i8 (m.) 

Timoleon, Timoléon, -ontis (m.) 

Timon, Timon, -onis (m.). 

Timothy, Timothéus, -i (m.). 

Tingis, v. Tangier. 

Tiphys, Tiphys, -yis or -yos (sm.). 

Tiresias, Tiresias, - (m.). 

Tiridates, Tiridates, -te or -is (m.). 

anes sat -Onis me). 
iryns, Tiryns, -nthis (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Tiryns, Terie a. -am. 

Tisagoras, Tisagoras, -e (m.). 

Tisamenes, Tisamenes, -is (%.). 

Tistas, 'Tisias, - (m.). 

Tisiphone, Tisiphdne, -es (f.). 

Tissaphernes, Tissaphernes, -is (m.). 

Titan, Titan, -anis (m.); of or oelonging 
to the Titans, Titanis, -idis ( fem. adj.) ; 
a female Titan, Titanis, -idis. 

Tithonus, Tithonus, -i (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Tithonus, T:thonius, -a, -um. 

Titian, Titianus, -i (m.). 

Titicuses, Titicuses, -ium (m.). 

Titinius, Titinius, -ii (m.). 

Titius, Titius, -ii (m.). 

Titurius, Titurius, -ii (m.). 

Titus, Titus, -i (m.). 

Tityos, Tityos, -i (m.). 

Tivoli, Tibur, -uris (”.). 

Tlos, Tlos, -ois (f.)- 

Tmarus (Mount), Tmarus, -i (m.), of or 
belonging to Tmarus, Tmarius, -a, -um. 

Tmolus (Mount), Tmolus, -i (m.); of or 
belonging to Tmolus, Tmolius, -a, -um. 

Tobias, Tobias, -ze (m.). 

Toby, Tobias, - (m.). 

Tolbiacum, Tolbidcum, -i (#.). 

Toledo, Tolétum, -i (n.). 

Toletum, v. Toledo. 

Tolometa, Ptolemais, -idis (f-). 

Tolosa, Toldsa, -e (f:) ; of or belonging to 
Tolosa, Tolosanus, -a, -um; the inhabit- 
ants of Tolosa, Tolos&tes, -um or -ium 


(m.). 

Tomi, Tomi, -orum (m. plural); v. To- 
miswar. 

Tomiswar, v. Tomi. f 

Tomyris, Tomyris, -is (f-) 

Tongres, Aduatica, -® (f.); Tungri, 
-orum (m.). 

Tonnerie, Tornodirum -i (n.). 

Torxracum, vy. Tovrnay. 





TU 


Torone, Toréae, 8 (f.). 

Torquemada, Augusta Nova. 

Torres Yedras, Arandis, -is ¢ f.). 

Tortona, Dertona, -# (f.). 

Tortosa, Dertosa, -# (f.). 

Totila, Totila, -w (f.). 

Toulon, Telo Martius. 

Toulouse, Tolésa, -# (f.), q. ¥- 

Tournay, Tornacum, -i (7.). 

Tours, Cwsarodinum, -i (n.), and Turo 
nium, -ii (n.), and Turones, -um (m.). 

Trachin, Trachin or Trachis, -inis (f) 
of or belonging to Trach. 'Trachinius 
“8, -um. 

Trachonitis, Trachonitis, -idis ‘ 

Trajan, Trajanus, -i (m.). 

Trajectum Mose, v. Maestricht. 

Trajectum ad Rhenum, v. Utreck. 

Tralles, Tralles, -ium (f.); of or belong 
ing to Tralles, Trallianus, -a, -um. 

Trapani, v. Drepanum. 

Trapezus, Trapezus, -untis (f.); v. Tre 
sonde, 

Traun (Lake), Gemundanus Lacus 

Trebia, Trebia, -# (f.)- 

Trebisonde, Trapezus, -untis (f,). 

Trebonian, Trebonianus, -i (m.). 

Trebula, Trebila, -w (f.); inhabitants of 
Trebula, Trebulani, -orum (m.). 

Treca, v. Troyes. 

Treia, Treia, -w (f.) ; inhabitants of Treva 
Treienses, -ium (m. plural). 

Tremiti, Diomedéa, -& (f.). 

Trent, Tridentum, -i (n.), q. Vv. 

Treres, Treres, -um (m. plural). 

Treveri, Treveri, -orum (m. plural), ¥ 
Treves. 

Treves, Treveri, -orum (m.), and also Au 
gusta, - (f.), Trevirorum. 

Treviso, Tarvesium, -ii (7.). 

Triboci, Tribdci, -orum (m. plural). 

Tricala, Tricca, -# (f.). 

Tricasses, Tricasses, -ium (m. plural) 

Tricca, Tricca, -@ (f.); v. Tricala ; of a 
belonging to Tricca, Tricc#us, -a, -um 

Tridentum, Tridentum, -i (”.); of or be 
longing to Tridentum, or Trent, Triden- 
tinus, -a, um. 

Trieste, Tergeste, -is (n.); u* or belonging 
to Tergeste, Tergestinue -a, -um; V. 
Tergeste. 

Trigno, the, Trinium fiumen. 

Trinacria, Trinacria, -» (f.); of or be 
longing to Trinacria (—Sicilian), Tri- 
nacrius, -a, -um; Trinacris, -idis ( f-). 

Trincomalee, Spatana, -® (f.). 

Trinobantes, the, Trinobantes, -ium or -um 
(m. plural). 

Triobris, Triobris, -is (m.). 

Tripoli, Gea, - (f.), and also Tripolis, -is 
(f.); of or belonging to Tripolis, Tri- 
politanus, -a,-um ; Tripoliticus, -a, -um 

Triptolemus, Triptolemus, -i (m.). 


| Triton, Triton, -Onis (m.). 


Tritonia, Tritonia, -@ (f.). 
Tritonis, Tritonis, -idis ( f-). 
Trivia, Trivia, -e (f-). 
Troas, Troas, -adis ( f.). : 
Trazene, Troezene, -es, and Troezen, -énis 
(f); of or belonging to Trezene, Tros- 
zenius, -8, -um. 
Trogilus, Trogilus, -i (f.); of or belong 
ing to Trogilus, Trogilius, -a, -um. 
Troglodytes, Troglodyte, -arum (m. plu- 
ral); of or belonging to the Traglodytes, 
Troglodyticus, -a, -um; the country of 
the Troglodytes, Troglodytice, -es (f.)- 
Troja, Troja, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Troy, Trojanus, -a, um; the Trqans, 
Trojani, -orum, and Trojugéne, -arum 
(m. plural) ; the Trojan females, Troa 
des, -um fp. : fs 
Trophontus, Trophonius, -ii (m.). 
Truppau, Troppavia, -@ (f-). 
Tros, Tros, -018 (%.). : 
Troy, Troja, -® (f.); v. Troja. 
Troyes, Augustobona, -® (f.)j 
-arum (/f.). 
Truzillo, Castra Julia. 
Tryphon, Tryphon, -onis (m.). 
Tubero, Tubero, -dnis (m.). 
Tudela, Tulonium, -ii (”.). 
Tuder, Tuder (n. indecl.) ; of or belonging 
to Tuder, Tuders, -rtis (masc. adj.) ; the 
inhabitants of Tuder, Tudertini, orum. 
Tudri, Tudri, -orum (m.). : 
Tugia, Tugia, - (f.); of or belonging 
Tugia, Tugiensis, -€. 
Tuisco, Tuisco, -dnis (m.). 


Tree 


751 


UMM 


Tullia, Tullia, -w (f.). 

Tulliola, Tullidla, -x (f.). 

Tullius, Tullius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 

Tullius, Tullianus, -a, -um. 

Tullius, Tullus, -i (m.). 

Tully, Tullius, -ii (m.). 

Tungri, Tungri, -orum (m.); v. Tongres. 
Tunis, Tunes, -étis (f.), and Tunétum, -i 


(n.). 

Turbo, Turbo, -dnis (m.). 

Turicum, v. Zurich. 

Turin, Augusta Taurinorum. 

Turkey, Turcia, -» (f.); Turkish, Turci- 
cus, -a, -um; the 7J'urks, Turces, -arum 
(m.). 

Turnus, Turnus, -i (77.). 

Turones, Turodnes, -um (m.); v. Tours. 

Turpio, Turpio, -dnis (m.). 

Tuscany, Tuscia, -e; Etruria, -» (f.), 
Tuscan, Tuscus, -a, -um; Etruscus, -a, 
-um. 

Tusculum, Tusculum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Tusculum, Tusculanens‘s, -e. 

Tuzla (Lake), Tatta Palus. 

Tyana, Tyana, -orum (n. plural), and Ty- 
ana, -w (f.). 

Tyche, Tyche, -es (f.). 

Tychicus, Tychicus, -i (m.). 

Tychius, Tychius, -ii (m.). 

Tydeus, Tydeus, -ei or -eos (m.) ; a son or 
descendant of Tydeus, Tydides, -# (m.). 

Tylos, Tylos, -i (f.). 


Tyndareus, Tyndaréus, -j (m.); of or re- | 


lating to Tyndareus, Tyndaréue, -a, 
-um; a daughter of Tyndareus, Tynda- 
ris, -idis (f.); @ son or descendant of 
Tyndareus, Tyndarides, -& (m.). 

Typhoeus, Typhoeus, -ei or -eos (m.); of 
or belonging to Typhoeus, Typhoéus, 
-a, -um. 

Typhon, Typhon, -6nis (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Typhon, Typhonéus, -a, -um. 

Tyrannio, Tyrannio, -dnis (m.). 

Tyre, Tyrus, -i (f.); Sarra, -w (f.); Old 
Tyre, Paletyrus, -i (f.); v. Tyrus. 

Tyro, Tyro, -ts (f.). 

Tyrrheni, the, Tyrrhéni, -orum (m. plural). 

Tyrrhenia, Tyrrhenia, -w (f.); of or be- 
longing to Tyrrhenia, Tyrrhénus, -a, 
-um; Tyrrhenicus, -a, -um. 

Tyrrheus, Tyrrheus, -ei or -eos (m.), the 
sons of Tyrrheus, Tyrrhide, -arum (m.). 

Tyrteus, Tyrtwus, -i (m.). 

Tyrus, Tyrus, -i (f); v. Tyre; Tyrian, 

jus, -a, -um; Sarranus, -a, -um. 
Trerniiz, Zerves, -arum (f.). 


U. 


Ubdii, the, Ubii, -orum (m.). 

Ubisci, the, Ubisci, -orum (m.). 

Ucalegon, Ucalegon, -ontis (m.). 

Ucent, the, Ucéni, -orum (m.). 

Ucubis, Ucubis, -is (f-). 

Udini, the, Udini, -orum (m.). 

Uduba, the, Uduba, - (m.). 

Ufente, the, Ufens, -entis (m.); of or re- 

Ufens, } lating to the Ufens, Ufentinus, 
-a, -um. 

Uffugum, Uffugum, -i (n.). 

Ukraine, Ukrania, -@ (f.). 

Uliarus, Uliarus, -i (f.); v. Oleron. 

Ulia, Ulia, -~ (f.); of or belonging to 
Ulia, Uliensis, -e. 

Ulizes, v. Ulysses. 

Ulm, Ulma, -@ (f:) ; Alcimoennis, -is (f.). 

Ulmi, the, Ulmi, -orum (m.). 

Uiphilas, Ulphilas, -s (m.). 

Uipia, Ulpia, -« (f-). 

Ulpian, Ulpianus, -i (m.). } 

Ulpius, Ulpius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Ulpius, Ulpian, Ulpius, -a, -um, and Ul- 
pianus, -a, -um. 

Ulster, Ultonia, -@ (f.). 

Ulubre, Ulubres, -arum (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Ulubre, Ulubranus, -a, -um, and 
Ulubrensis, -e. 

Ulysses, Ulysses, -is and -i (m.); of or re 
lating to Ulysses, Ulysséus, -a, -um. 

Ombrenus, Umbrénus, -i (m.). ; 

Umbria, Umbria, -® (f.); the Umbri, Um- 
bri, -orum (m.); of or belonging to Um- 
bria, Umbrian, Umber, -bra, -brum; 
Umbricus, -a, -um. 

Umbricius, Umbricius, -{i (m.). 

Umobrius, Umbrius, -ii (m.). 

Umbro, the, Umbro, -onis (m.). 

Ummidia, Ummidia, -& (f.). 

Ummidius, Ummidius, -ii (s.). 

752 


VAH 


Ona, Una, -® ( f.). 

Unelli, the, Unelli, -orum (sm.). 

Unimanus, Unimanus, -i (m.). 

Unsingis, the, Unsingis, -is (m.). 

Upis, Upis, -i8 (m.). 

Upsal, Upsala, -# (f.). 

Urania, Urania, -e, and Uranie, -es (f-). 

Uranépélis, Urandpilis, -is (f.). 

Uranus, Uranus, -i (m.). 

Urba, Urba, -@ (f.). 

Urban, Urbanus, -i (m.). 

Urbi, the, Urbi, -orum (m.). 

Urbicius, Urbicius, -ii (m.). 

Urbicua, Urbicua, -e (f.). 

Orbicus, Urbicus, -i (m.). 

Urbinia, Urbinia, -x (f.). 

Urbinius, Urbinius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Urbinius, Urbinianus, -a, -um. 

Urbinum, Urbinum, -i (n.) ; an inhabitant 
of Urbinum, Urbinas, -atis (m.). 

Ure, the, Urus, -i (m.). 

Urgao, Urgao, -dnis (f.); of or belonging 
to Urgao, Urgaonensis, -e. 

Urgi, Urgi, indecl. (n.); of or belonging 
to Urgi, Urgitanus, -a, -um. 

Urgia, Urgia, -@ (f.). 

Urgo, Urgo, -nis (f.). 

Orgulania, Urgulania, - (/f.). 

Uri, the, Uri, -orum (m.). 

Uria, Uria, -e (f.); of or belonging to 
Uria, Urias, -itis (m.), and Uritanus, -a, 
-um. 

Vriah, Urias, - (m.). 

Urites, the, Urites, -um (m.), 

Urius, Urius, -ii (m.). 

Ursanius, Ursanius, -ii (m.). 

Ursicinus, Ursicinus, -i (m.). 

Orsidius, Ursidius, -ii (m.). 

Ursinian, Ursinianus, -i (m.). 

Ursinus, Ursinus, -i (m.). 

Urso, Urso (or Ursao), -onis (f.); of or 
belonging to Urso, Ursonensis or Ursa- 
onensis, -e. 

Orsolis, Ursolis, -is (f.). 

Ursula, Ursiila, - (f.). 

Orsulus, Ursiilus, -i (m.). 

Uruncis, Uruncis, -is (f.). 

Usalla, Usalla, -® (f.); of or belonging to 
Usalla, Usallitanus, -a, -um. 

Usar, the, Usar, -aris (m.). 

Uscana, Uscana, -® (f.); of or belonging 
to Uscana, Uscanensis, -€. 

Ushant = Ouessant. 

Usidicani, the, Usidic&ni, -orum (sm.). 

Usipetes, the, Usipétes, -um (m.). 

Usipii, Usipii, -orum (m.). 

Uspe, Uspe, -es (f:); of or belonging to 
Uspe, Uspensis, -e. 

Ussubiwm, Ussubium, -ii (n.). 

Ustica, Ustica, - (f.). 

Utende, Siatutanda, -orum (n.). 

Utens, the, Utens, -ntis (m.). 

Uthina, Uthina, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Uthina, Uthinensis, -e. 

Utica, Utica, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Utica, Uticensis, -e. 

Utrecht, Trajectum, -i (n.), ad Rhenum. 

Uzama, Uxima, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Uxama, Uxamensis, -8. 

Urantis, Uxantis, -is (f.). 

Uxellodunum, Uxellddinum, -i (n.). 
Uxentum, Uxentum, -{ (n.); of or belong- 
ing to Uxentum, Uxentinus, -a, -um. 
Uzalis, Uzalis, -is (f.); of or belonging to 

Uzalis, Uzalensis, -e. 

Uzes, Ucetia, -@ (f.). 

Uzia, Uzia, -@ (f.). 

Uzila, Uzila, - (f.); of or belonging to 
Uzila, Uzilensis, -e. 

Uzziah, Uzzias, -& (m.). 


Vv. 


Vabar, the, Vabar, -aris (sm.). 


Vacca, Vacca, -@ (f.); of or belonging to 
Vacca, Vaccenals, -e, and Vaccsevs, -a, 


-um. 

Vaccius, Vaccius, -ii (m.). 

Vaccus, Vaccus, -i (m.). 

Vacerra, Vacerra, -# (®.). 

Vacuna, Viciina, -® (f.); of or relating 
to Vacuna, Vacunalis, -e. 

Vada, Vada, - ( f.).—2. Vada, -orum (2.). 

Vadimonis (Lake), Vadiménis Lacus (m.). 

Vadomarius, Vadomarius, -ii (m.). 

Vaga, Vaga, -t (f.), another form of Vac- 
Ca, q. v.; adj., Vagensis, -e. 

Vagellius, Vagellius, -ii (m.). 

Vahalts, the, Vahalis or Viehalie. 1s (m.). 


Vol 


Vateon, Vasio, -dnis (f.). 

Vala, Vala, -s (m.). 

Valence, Valentia, -® (f.), 9. ¥. 

Valencta, Valencia or Valentia, -x (f,). 

Valenciennes, Valentiang, -arum , f.). 

Valens, Valens, -entis (m.). 

Valentia, Valentia, -~ (f.); of or belong 
ing to Valentia, Valentinus, -a, -um. 

Valentina, Valentina, -x (f.). 

Valentine, Valentinus, -i (m.) ; of or relat 
ing to Valentine, Valentinianus, -a, -um. 

Valentinian, Valentinianus, -i (m.). 

Valentius, Valentius, -ii (m.). 

Valenza, Valentinum, -i (n.). 

Valeria, Valéria, -~ (f.), @ woman,—2, a 
city, of or belonging to Valeria, Valéri- 
ensis, -e. 

Valerian, Valerianus, -i (m.). 

Valerius, Valerius, -ii (m.); of or belong- 
ing to Valerius, Valerian, Valerius, -a, 
-um, and Valerianus, -a, -um. 

Valerus, Valérus, -i (m.). 

Valetium, Valetium, -ii (n.). 

Valgius, Valgius, -ii (m.). 

Valgus, Valgus, -i (m.). 

Valladolid, Pintia, -w (f.); Vallisoletum, 
-i( (7). 

Vallai, the, Valli, -orum (m.). 

Vallebana, Vallébana, - (f.). 

Valli, the, Valli, -orum (m.). 

Valteline, Vallis Tellina (f.). 

Vandals, the, Vandali, -orum (m.); of or 
belonging to the Vandals, Vandal, Van- 
dalicus, -a, -um. 

Van Diemen’s Land, Diemeni Insuia 


ys 

Vangio, Vangio, -dnis (m.). 

Vangiones, the, Vangiones, -um (m.). 
Vannes, Civitas Venetorum ; Venétia, -a 


(Ff). 

Vannius, Vannius, -ii (m.); of or belong: 
ing to Vannius, Vannianus, -a, -um. 
Vapincum, Vapincum, -i (”.); of or be 
longing to Vapincum, Vapincensis, 

Var, the, Varus, -i (m.). 

Vardai, the, Vardei, -orum (m.). 

Vardanes, Vardanes, -& or -is (m.) 

Vardar, the, Axius, -li (m.). 

Varduli, the, Varduli, -orum (m.). 

Varenus, Vurénus, -i (m.). 

Vargula, Vargula, -s (m.). 

Vargunteius, Vargunteius and Vargonte+ 
us, -ii (m.). 

Varia, Varia, -@ (f.), @ city.—2. a woman’s 
name. 

Varilla, Varilla, -@ (f.). 

Varillus, Varillus, -i (m.). 

Varini, the, Varini, -orum (m.). 

Varinus, Varinus, -i (m.). 

Variola, Varidla, -@ (f.). 

Varisidius, Varisidius, -ii (.). 

Varius, Varius, -ii (m.). 

Varro, Varro, -6nis (m.); of or belonging 
to Varro, Varronian, Varrénianus, -a, 
-um. 

Varronianus, Varronianus, -i (m.). 

Varus, Varus, -i (m.); of or relating to 
Varus, Varianus, -a, -um. 

Vasaces, Vasaces, -is (m.). 

Vasates, the, Vasates, -um or -ium, and 
Vasites, -arum (m.); of or belonging to 
the Vasates, Vasaticus, -a, -um. 

Vascénes, the, Vascdnes, -ur (m.); of or 
belonging to the Vascones, Vasconian, 
Vasconicus, -a, -um; the country of the 
Vascones, Vasconia, -@ (f.). 

Vatia, Vatia, -e (m.). 

Vatican (Mount), Vaticanus, -i (m.), Mons 
or Collis ; of or belonging to the Vatican, 
Vatican, Vaticanus, -a, -um. 

Vatienus, Vatiénus, -i (m.). 

Vatinius, Vatinius, -li (m.); of or relating 
to Vatinius, Vatinian, Vatinidnus, -a, 
-um. 

Vatusium, Vatusium, -ii (n.); of or be 
longing to Vatusium, Vatusicus, -a, -ums 

Vecilius, Vecilius, -ii (m.). 

Vectenus, Vecténus, -i (m.). 

Vectidius, Vectidius, -ii (m.). 

Vectis, Vectis, -is (f.). 

Vectius, Vectius, -ii (m.). 

Vecturius, Vecturius, -fi (m.). 

Vedius, Vedius, -ii (m.). 

Vegetius, Vegetius, -li (m.). 

Veia, Veia, -@ (f.). 

Veianius, Veianius, -ii (m.). 

Veianus, Veianus, -i (m.). 

Veiento, Veiento, -onis (m.). 

Veit, Veii, -orum (m.); of or belonging 


VER 


Veti, Veian, Veiens, -entis (adj.), and 
Veientanuz, -a, -um. 

Vejovis, Vejovis, -is (m.). 

Velabrum, Vélabrum, -i, and Velabra, 
-orum (7.) ; of or belonging to Velabrum, 
Velabrensis, -e. 

Velauni, the, Velauni, -orum (m.). 

Velia, Velia, -w (f.); of or belonging to 
Velia, Veliensis, -e, and Velinus, -a, -um. 

Velitra, Velitrw, -arum (f.) , of or belong- 
ing to Velitre, Veliternus, -a, -um, and 
Veliterninus, -a, -um. 

Velius, Velius, -ii (m.). 

Vellavi, the, Vellavi, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to the Vellavi, Vellavus, -a, -um. 

Velleda, Velléda, -w (f.). 

Velleius, Velleius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Velleius, Velleianus, -a, -um. 

Velletri, Velitrs, -arum (/f.), q. ¥. 

Vellica, Vellica, -w (/.). 

Vellocatus, Vellocatus, -i (m.). 

Vellodunum, Vellodunum, -i (n.). 

Vellutus, Vellitus, -i (m.). 

Velocasses, the, Velocasses, -ium (m.). 

Velocius, Vélécius, -ii (m.). 

Veloz, Velox, -ocis (m.). 

Venafrum, Venafrum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Venafrum, Ven us, -a, -um. 

Ve Castrum Vindonicum, -i (7.). 

Venedi, the, Venédi, -orum (m.). 

Veneti, the, Vénéti, -orum (m.), of or be- 
longing to the Veneti, Venetian, Veneti- 
cus, -a, -um, and Venétus, -a, -um; the 
country of the Veneti, Venetia, -® (f.). 

Venice, Venetiv, -arum (f.); Venetian, 
Venetus, -a, -um. 

Venilia, Venilia, -@ (f.). 

Venno, Venno, -onis (m.), 

Vennonius, Vennonius, -ii (m.). 

Venosa, Venusia, -@ (f.), q. ¥. 

Venta, Venta, - (/f.). 

Ventidius, Ventidius, -ii (m.); of or relat- 
ing to Ventidius, Ventidianus, -a, -um. 

Venuleia, Venuleia, -@ (f.). 

Venuleius, Venuleius, -ii (m.). 

Venulus, Venilus, -i (m.). 

Venus, Venus, -éris (f.) ; of or relating to 
Venus, Venéréus or Venerius, -a, -um. 

Venusia, Vénisia, - (f.), and Venusium, 
-li (n.) ; of or belonging to Venusia, Ve- 
nusinus, -a, -um. 

Venustus, Venustus, -i (m.). 

Venzone, Vannia, -® ( f.). 

Vera Cruz, Vera Crux, -iicis (f.). 

Veragri, the, Véragri, -orum (m.). 

Verannia, Verannia, - (f.). 

Verannius, Verannius, -ii (m.). 

Veraz, Verax, -acis (m.). 

Yerbanus (Lake), Verbanus, -i (m.), Lacus. 


osm Verbinum, -i (.). 


? 

Vercella, . Vercelle, -arum ( F) ; of or be- 

Vercelli, longing to Vercellz, Vercel- 
lensis, -e, and Vercellinus, -a, -um. 

Vercellius, Vercellius, -ii (m.). 

Vercingetoriz, Vercingetorix, -igis (m.). 

Verconnius, Verconnius, -ii (m.). 

Verdun, Verodunum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Verdun, Verodunensie, -e. 

Veretum, Verétum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
to Veretum, Verétinus, -a, -um. 

Verga, Verge, -arum (f.). 

Vergellus, Vergellug, -i (m.). 

Vergentum, Vergentum, -i (n.). 

Vergilius, v. Virgilius. 

Vergium, Vergium, -ii (n.) , of or belong- 
ing to Vergium, Vergestanus, -a, -um. 

Vergunni, the, Vergunni, -orum (m.). 

Veria, Veria, -@ (f.). 

Verina, Vérina, - ( f.). 

Vermina, Vermina, - (m.). 

Vernon, Vellaunodunum, -i (7.). 

Verolamium, Verolamium, -ii, or Verola- 
mum, -i (7.). 

Veromandui, the, Veromandui, -orum (m.). 

Verona, Verona, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Verona, Veroénensis, -e. 

Verres, Verres, -is (m.); of or belonging 
to Verres, Verreus, -a, -um, and Verri- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Verritus, Verritus, -i (m.). 

Verrius, Verrius, -ii (m.). 

Verrugo, Verrigo, -inis (f.). 

Verrutius, Verrutius, -ii (m.). 

Versailles, Versalie, -arum (/f.). 

Vertumnus, Vertumnus, -i (m.). 

Verulamium, v. Verolamium. 

Verule, Veriile, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
ing lene: Verilanus, -a, -um. 


VIN 


Verus, Vérus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to | 
Verus, Veranus, -a, -um, ard Verianus, — 


-@, -um. 

Vervins, Verbinum, -i (2.). 

Vesagus, Vesagus, -i (m.). 

Vescelia, Vescelia, - (f.). 

Vescia, Vescia, -w (f.); of or belonging 
to Vescia, Vescinus. -a, -um. 

Vescularius, Vescularius, -ii (m.). 

Veseris, the, Veseris, -is (m.). 

Vesontio, Vesontio, -onis (/f.); of or be 
longing to Vesontio, Vesontiensis, -e. 

Vespa, Vespa, -# (m.). 

Vespasia, Vespasia, - (f.). 

Vespasian, Vespasianus, -i (m.). 

Vespasius, Vespasius, -ii (m.). 

Vespillo, Vespillo, -dnis (m.). 

Vespronius, Vespronius, -ii (m.). 

Vesta, Vesta, -w (f.); of or relating to 
Vesta, Vestalis, -e. 

Vestia, Vestia, - (f.). 

Vestienus, Vestiénus, -i (m.). 

Vestilia, Vestilia, -e (/.). 

Vestilius, Vestilius, -ii (m.). 

Vestini, the, Vestini, -orum (m.); of or be- 
longing to the Vestint, Vestinus, -a, -um. 

Vestinus, Vestinus, -i (m.). 

Vestorius, Vestorius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Vestorius, Vestorianus, -a, -um. 

Vestritius, Vestritius, -ii (m.). 

Vesulus (Mount), Vésiilus, -i (m.), Mons. 

Vesuni, the, Vesuni, -orum (m.). 

Vesunna, Vesunna, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Vesunna, Vesunnicus, -a, -um. 

Vesuvius (Mount), Vésiivius, -ii (m.), and 
Vésévus, -i (m.); of or belonging to Ve- 
suvius, Vesuvian, Vesuvius, -a, -um; 
Vesévus, -a, -um; and (late) Vesvius, 
-@, -um. 

Veteranio, Veteranio, -onis (m.). 

Vetilius, Vetilius, -ii (m.). 

Vetrasinus, Vetrasinus, -i (m.). 

Vetronius, Vetronius, -ii (m.). 

Vettins, Vettius, -ii (m.). 

Vettona, Vettona, - (f.); of or belonging 
to Vettona, Vettonensis, -e. 

Vettones, the, Vettones or Vectones, -am 
(m.); country of the Vettones, Vettonia, 
-6 (f.). 

Vettonianus, Vettonianus, -i (m.). 

Vetulonia, Vetulonia, -# 2 of or be 
longing to Vetulonia, Vetuloniensis, -e. 

Veturia, Veturia, -® (f.). 

Veturius, Veturius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Veturius, Veturius, -a, -um. 

Vetusius, Vetusius, -ii (m.). 

Vevay, Viviscum or Vibiscum, -i (".). 

Vibelli, the, Vibelli, -orum (m.). 

Vibenna, Vibenna, -@ (f.). 

Vibennius, Vibennius, -ii (m.) 

Vibidia, Vibidia, -s (f.). 

Vibidius, Vibidius, -ii (m.). 

Vibienus, Vibienus, -i (m.). 

Vihilius, Vibilius, -ii (m.). 

Vibius, Vibius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
Vibius, Vibius, -a, -um. 

Vibu, Vibo, -onis (f.); of or belonging to 
bibo, Vibonensis, -e. 

Viburanus, Vibulanus, -i (m.). 

Vibulenus, Vibulénus, -i (m.). 

Vibullius, Vibullius, -ii (m.). 


Vicentia, . Vicentia, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
Vicenza, ing to Vicentia, Vicentinus, 
8, -um. 


Vicetia, Vicétia, -, or Vicentia, - (f.); 
of or belonging to Vicetia, Vicetinus, -8, 
-um = foregoing. 

Vichy, Aque Calide, -arum (/f.). 

Victor, Victor, ris (m.). 

Victoria, Victoria, -@ (f.); of or belong- 
ing to Victoria, Victoriensis, -€. 

Victorian, Victorianus, -i (m.). 

Victoriatus, Victoriatus, -i (m.). 

Victorinus, Victorinus, -i (m.). 

Victorius, Victorius, -ii (m.). 

Victumvia, Victumvie, -arum ( f.). 

Vidius, Vidius, -ii (m.). 

Vienna, Vinddbina, -@ (f.) ; of or belong- 
ing to Vienna, Viennese, Vindobonen- 
sis, -e. 

Vienne, Vienna, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
to Vienne, Viennensis, -e. 

Vigellius, Vigellius, -ii (m.). 

Vigilius, Vigilius, -ii (m.). 

Villius, Villius, -ii (m.). 

Viminal (Mount), the, Vimin&lis, -is (m.), 
Mons, Collis; of the Viminal, Viminal, 
Viminilis, -e. 

Vincennes, Vincentia, -@ (f.). 


VOL 


Viucent, Vincentius, -ii (m.,. 

Vincentia, Vincentia, -@ (f.) 

Vincentius, v. Vincent. 

Vincium, Vincium, -ii (n.) ; of or belomg 
ing to Vincium, Vinciensis, -e. 

Vincius, Vincius, -ii (m.). 

Vindalium, Vindalium, -ii (n.). 

Vindelicia, Vindélicia, - (f.); tie Vinde 
lici, Vindelici, -orum (m.); Vindelicion 
Vindélicus, -a, -um. 

Vindez, Vindex, -icis (m.). 

Vindia, Vindia, - (/.). 

Vindtzius, Vindicius, -ii (m.). 

Vindilis, Vindilis, -is (f.). 

Vindobona, v. Vienna. 

Vindonissa, Vindonissa, -& (f.), of o- be 
longing to Vindonissa, Vindonissen 
sig, -€. 

Vindullus, Vindullus, -i (m.). 

Vinicius, Vinicius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Vinicius, Vinicianus, -a, -um. 

Vinidius, Vinidius, -ii (m.). 

Vinius, Vinius, -ii (m.). 

Vinovia, Vinovia, - (f.). 

Vintimiglia, Albium Intemelium, -ii (m.). 

Viola, Viola, -w (f.). 

Violens, Violens, -entis (m.). 

Vipsania, Vipsania, - ( f.). 

Vipeanius, Vipsanius, -il (m.). 

Vipstana, Vipstana, -# (f.). 

Vipstanus, Vipstanus, -i (m.). 

Virbius, Virbius, -ii (m.). 

Virdius, Virdius, -ii (m.). 

Virdomarus, Virdomarus, -i, or Virdum& 
rus, -i (m.). 

Virgilianus, Virgilianus, -i (m.). 

Virgil, Virgilius, -ii (m.); of or relating te 
Virgil, Virgilianus, -a, -um. 

Virginia, Virginia, -@ (f.); of or relating 
to Virginia, Virginiensis, -e. 

Virginius, Virginius, -ii (m.). 

Viriathus, Viriathus or Viriatus, -i (m.); 
of or relating to Viriathus, Viriathinus 


-a, -um. 

Viridasius, Viridasius, -ii (m.). 

Virrius, Virrius, -ii (m.). 

Virro, Virro, -onis (7.). 

Virtus, Virtus, -utis (f.). 

Virunum, Virunum, -i (”.); of or belong 
ing to Virunum, Virunensis, -e. 

Viscellinus, Viscellinus, -i (m.). 

Viscus, Viscus, -i (m.). 

Viseius, Viseius, -ii (m.). 

Visellia, Visellia, -# (f-). 

Visellius, Visellius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
to Visellius, Visellian, Visellius, -a, -um 

Visigoths, the, Visigothe, -arum; Visi- 
gothi, -orum (m.). 

Viso (Mount), Vesulus, -i (m.\, Mons. 

Visontio = Vesontio. 

Vistilia, Vistilia, -2 _f.). 

Vistula, the, Vistila, -~, and ‘Jsolas, 4 
(m.). 

Visurgis, the, Visurgis, -is (m.). 

Vitalian, Vitalianus, -i (m.). 

Vitalius, Vitalius, -ii (m.). 

Vitellia, Vitellia, -z (/.). 

Vitellinus, Vitellinus, -i (m.). 

Vitellius, Vitellius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
to Vitellius, Vitellianus, -a, -um 

Viterbo, Viterbium, -ii (7.). 

Vitia, Vitia, -e (f.). 

Vitrasia, Vitrasia, -® (/f.). 

Vitrasius, Vitrasius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong 
ing to Vitrasius, Vitrasifnus, -8, -um. 

Vitruvius, Vitruvius, -ii (m.). 

Vittoria, Victoria, -w (f.). 

Viturgia, Viturgia, -w (f.). 

Vivarium, v. Viviers. 

Vivian, Vivianus, -i (m.). 

Viviers, Vivarium, -ii (n.); of or belong 
ing to Viviers, Vivariensis, -e. 

Vivisci, the, Vivisci, -orum (m.); of or be 
longing to the Vivisci, Viviscus, -€, -um 

Vlicha, Olpe, -arum (f.). 

Vlie, the, Fossa Corbulonis (f.). 

Viieland, Flevolandia, -# ( f.). 

Vliesingen, Flesinga, -® (f.). 

Vocates, the, Vocates, -um or -ium (m.). 

Vocetius (Mount), Vocetius, -ii (m.), Mons 

Vocio, Vocio, -6nis (m.). 

Voconius, Vocénius, -ii (m.); of or relat 
ing to Voconius, Voconius, -a, -um, ana 
Voconianus, -a, -um. 

Vocontii, the, Vocontii, -orum (m.), uf or 
belonging to the Vocontti, Vocontius, -@ 


-um. 
Vocula, Vocula, - (m.). 
Vogesus, v. Véségus. 


WAS 


Volz, Vola, arum (f.); of or belonging | 
to Vola, Volanus, -a, -um. 

Volaginzus, Volaginius, -ii (m.). 

Volana, Volana, -x (f.). 

Volandum, Volandum, -i (n.). 

Volanerius, Volanérius, -ii (m.). 

Volaterre, Volaterre, -arum (f.); of or 
belonging to Volaterre, Volaterranus, 
-@, -um. 

Voice, the, Volcw, -arum (m.). 

Volero, Voléro, -dnis (m.). 

Volesus, Volésus and Volisus, -1 (m.), v 
Volusus. 

Volga, the, Rha, indecl. (m.). 

Vologesus, Vologesus, -i, and Vologeses, 
-is (m.). 

Volscens, Volscens, -entis (m.). 

Volsci, the, Volsci, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
longing to the Volsci, Volscian, Volscus, 
-a, -um. 

Volsciani, the, Volsciani, -orum (m.). 

Volscius, Volscius, -ii (m.). 

Volsinii, Volsinii or Vulsinii, -orum (m.) ; 
of or belonging to Volsinii, Vulsiniensis, 
-e, anv Volscinus or Volsinius, -a, -um. 

Volterra, Volaterres, -arum ¢f.), q. v- 

Volturno, Vulturnus, -i (m.). 

Volumnia, Volumnia, -® (f.). 

Volumnius, Volumniug, -ii (m.); of or re- 
lating to Volumnius, Volumnianus, -a, 


-um. 

Volumnus, Volumnus, -i (m.). 

Volupia, Volupia, -@ (f.). 

Volusenus, Volusénug, -1 (m.). 

Volusian, Volusianus, -i (m.). 

Volusius, Volusius, -ii (m.). 

Volusus, Voliisus, -i (m.); of or relating 
to Volusus, Volusian, Volisinus, -a, -um. 

Volwentius, Volventius, -ii (m.). 

Vonones, Vonones, -is (m.). 

Vopiscus, Vopiscus, -i (m.). 

Voranus, Voranus, -i (m.). 

Vosges, les, es or Vdgesus, 

Vosegus (Mount), -i (m.), Mons. 

Vostizza, Agium, -ii (7.), q. v. 

Votienus, Votienus, -i (m.). 

Vulcan, Vulcanus, -i (m.); Greek and 
poet., Hephestus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
to Vulcan, Vulcanian, Vulc&nius, -a,-um, 
and Vulcanilis, -e. 

Vulcatius, Vulcatius, -ti (m.). 

Vulpenius, Vulpenius, -fi (m.) 

Vulsinii, v. Volsinii. 

Vulso, Vulso, -dnis (m.). 

Vulteius, Vulteius, -ii (m.). 

Vulturcius, Vulturcius, -li (m.). 

Vultur (Mount), Vultur, -uris (m.), Mons. 

Vulturnum, Vulturnum, -i (n.). 

Vulturnus, the, Vulturnus, -i (m.); of or 
relating to the Vulturnus, Vulturnilis, -e. 


W. 


Waag, Vagus, -i (m.). 
Waal, Vahilis, -is (m.). 
Wadi el Arisch, Hgypti fluvius. 
Wadi el Berber, Tusca, -s (m.). 
Wadi Quaham, Cinyps, -ypis (™.)- 
Wadi Musa, Petra, -@ (f.). 
Walcheren, Gualacra, -@ (f.) 
Waldeck, Valdécum, -i (n.). 
Waldhust, Valdhusta, -x (f.), 
Wales, Britannia Secunda; Cambria, -s 
(f>; Vallesia, -» (f.). 
Wallachia, Dacia, -e (f.), of whtch t& 
formed part; Vallachia, -@ (f.). 
Wallingford, Caléva, -@ (f.). 
Walton, Valtonia, - (f-). 
Walsingham, Parathalassia, -e (f.). 
Wantage, Vanatinga, -@ (f.) 
Wardein, Varadinum, -i (n.). 
Waren, Virunum, -i (n.). 
Warminster, Verlucio, -dnis ( f.). 
Warrington, Rigodinum, -i (#-.). 
Warsaw, Varsovia, -® (/f.). 
Warwick, Calunia, -e (f.). 
Wash (the), Metaris stuarium. 
754 


YAR 


Washington, Heroopdlis, -is (f.). 

Waterferd, Menapia, -@ (f.). 

Waterloo, Nicepkhorium, -ii (n.). 

Weichsel, the, Vistula, -s (m.). 

Weissenburg, Alba Selusiana. 

Weissenfels, Leucopetra, -@ (f.). 

Wells, Fontes Belge. 

Welten, Veldidena, -a ( f.). 

Werden, Moradinum, -i (n.). 

Wertach, Vinda, -@ (f.). 

Weser, Visurgis, -i8 (m.). 

West Bothnia, Bothnia Occidentalis. 

West Chester, Cestria Occidentalis. 

Western Islands, Accipitrum Insule; v. 
Azores. 

West Indies, India Occidentalis. 

Westminster, Westmonasterium, -ii (n.). 

Westphalia, Guesttalia, -@ (f.). 

West Point, Zephyrium, -ii (n.). 

Whitechurch, Album Monasterium. 

White Sea, Album Mare. 

Widden, Viminacium, -ii (7.). 

Wien, Vindobona, -® (f.); v. Vienna. 

Wiener Wald, Boiorum Deegerta. 

Wiesbaden, Aque Mattiacer. 

Wight (Isle of), Vectis Insula. 

Willoughby, Verométum, -i (n.). 

Wilna, Vilna, -@ (f.). 

Wilton, Ellandinum, -i (n.). 

yheoeae Venta Belgarum; Vintonia, 
-~ (f.). 

Windischgratz, Slavogrecium, -ii (.). 

Windsor, Vindesorium, -ii (n.). 

Winterthur, Vitodirum, -i (n.). 

Wittenberg, Vitemberga, -@ (f.). 

Wolfenbiittel, Guelferbytum, -i (n.); of o7 
belonging to Wolfenbuttel, Guelferbyta- 
nus, -a, -um. 

Woilga, Rha, indeci. (m.). 

Borer, Vigomia, - (f.); Brannovium, 

i (n.). 

We-ms, Borbetomagus, 4 (f.); Augusta 
Vangionum. 

Wrozeter, Uriconium, -ii (n.). 

Wurzberg, Artaunum, -i (x.); Herbipolis, 
-is (f.); Wurceburgum, -i (n.) 


x. 


Xalapa, Jalapa, -@ ( f.). 

Xalon, the, Bilbilis, -is (m.). 

Xanten, Castra Vetera. 

Xanthe, Xanthe, €o (f.). 

Xanthias, Xanthias, -w (m.). 

Xanthippe, Xanthippe, -es (f.). 

Xanthippus, Xanthippus, -i (m.) 

Xantho, Xantho, -fis (f.). 

Xanthus, the, Xanthus, 4 (m ). 

Xelsa, Celsa, -w (f.). 

Xelva, Xelva, -w (f.). 

Xenagoras, Xenagdras, w (m ) 

Xenarchus, Xenarchua, -1 (m_) 

Xeno, Xeno, -dnis (m.). 

Xenocles, Xendcles, -is (m.). 

Xenocrates, Xenocrates, -is (m.) 

Xenodorus, Xenodorus, -i (sn.) 

Xenomenes, Xenoménes, -is (m ) 

Xenophanes, Xenophianes, -is (m ) 

Xenophantus, Xenophantug, -i (m.} 

Xenophilus, Xenophilus, -i (m.). 

Xenophon, Xendphon, -ontis (m.), of or 
relating to Xenophon, Xenophontéus, a, 
-um. 

Xerzes, Xerxes, -is (m.). 

Xigonza, Saguntia, -# ( f.). 

Xilocastro, Agira, -@ (f.). 

Xiéstus, Xistus, -i (m.). 

Xucar, Sucro, -dnis (m.). 

Xuthe, Xuthe, -es (f.). 

Xuthus, Xuthus, -i (m.). 

Xylenopolis, Xylenopdlis, -is (f.)- 


Y. 


Yare, the, Garienis, -is (m.). 
Yarmouth, Garianonum, -i (n.). 
Yarrow, Yatrovia, -@ (f.). 


THE END. 





ZW I 


Yarrow (River), Yarrovus, -i (m.). 

Yarum, Girvium, -ii (7.). 

Yellow River, Flavua Amnis. 

Yellow Sea, Flavum Mare. 

Yemen, Arabia Felix, and also Amania 
OBE 

Yentsei, lenisia, -e (f.). 

Yenne, Canna, -e (f.), and also Yenna 
-B (f.).. ; 

Yepes, Ispinum, -i (7.). 

Ygualuda, Aqualatum, -i (n.). 

Yul, Hyla, -w# (f.). 

¥ist, Ilostum, -i (”.). 

Yniesta, Egelasta, -e (f.). 

Yonne, Icauna, -@ (f.). 

York, Eboraicum, -i (n.), and also Ebora- 
copilis, -is (f.) ; of or belonging to York, 
Eboracensis, -e ; Eboracopolitanus, -a, 
-um; v. New York. 

Yorktown, Nicopdlis Americana. 

Ypres, Hypres, -Brum (f.). 

Ysendick, Isendicum, -i (n.). 

Yssel, the, Isala, -82 (m.). 

Yeselberg, Ysselburgum, -i (n.). 

Yetadt, Istadium, -ii (7.). 

Yucatan, Iucatania, -e (f-). 

Yunto, Tagrus, -i (m.). 

Yooire, Aquaria, -@ ( f.). 

Yooiz (District), Cariniacum, -i (.) 

Yooiz (City), Epoissus, -i (m.). 


Zz. 


Zabulon, Zabulon, -dnis ‘sn.). 

Zacharias, Zacharias, -@ (m.). 

Zachary, Zacharias, -s (m.). 

Zaccheus, Zacchéus, -i (m.). 

Zacynthus (now Zante), Zacynthus, -i _.) 
of or belonging to Zacynthus, Zacynthi 
us, -a, -um. 

Zadok, Zadécus, -i (m.). 

Zagrus (Mount), Zagrus, -i (m.). 

Zaleucus, Zaleucus, -i (m.). 

Zama, Zama, -@ (f.); of or belonging 
Zama, Zamensis, -€. 

Zamolzis, Zamolxis, -is (*.). 

Zancle, Zancle, -es (f.). 

Zante, Zacynthus, -i (f.), q. v. 

Zarange, Zarange, -arum (m.). 

Zartaspa, Zariaspa, -#, and Zariaspe, -es 


(f,). 

Zea, Céa, -@, and Ceos, -i (f.); of or be 
longing to Cea, Céus, -a, -um. 

Zebedee, Zebedsus, -i (m.). 

Zedekiah, Zedekias, - (m.). 

Zeitoun (Gulf), Sinus Maliacus. 

Zela, Zela, -@ (f.). 

Zelotes, Zeldtes, -e (m.). 

Zelotus, Zelotus, -i (m.). 

Zeno, Zeno, -dnis (m.). 

Zenobia, Zenobia, -@ (f.). 

Zenobius, Zenobius, -ii (m.). 

Zenodotus, Zenodotus, -i (m.). 

Zephyrus, Zephyrus, -i (m.). 

Zetes, Zetes, -s (m.). 

Zetis, Zetis, -is (m.). 

Zeugis, Zeugis, -is (f.). 

Zeugma, Zeugma, -atis (7”.). 

Zeuxis, Zeuxis, -is and -idis (m.) 

Ziel, Zela, -« (f.). 

Zilis, Zilis, -is (f.). 

Zoe, Zoe, -es (f.). 

Zoilus, Zoilus, -i (m.). 

Zots, Zois, -idis (f.). 

Zon, ZOn, -ontis (m.). 

Zopyrion, Zopyrion, -onis (m.). 

Zopyrus, Zopyrus, -i (m.). 

Zoroaster, Zoroastres, - and -is (#.). 

Zosimus, Zosimus, -i (m.). 

Zoster, Zoster, -éris (m.) 

Zurich, Turicum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
to Zurich, Turicensis, -e. 

Zweibriicken, Bipontium, -il, and Bipon 
tum, -i; of or belonging to Zweibriick 
en, or Bipontium, Bipont, Bipontinus 


-a, -um. 
Zwickau, Cyguca, -@ (f.). 


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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
Los Angeles 


This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 


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NOV 6 1967 / Ys 





Form L9—Series 4939 


LAW LIBRARY 
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
LOS ANGELES 





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